DIRETRIZES GERAIS PARA DESENVOLVIMENTO DE UM PLANO DE AÇÃO QUE BUSQUE A REDUÇÃO DOS GASTOS COM O INSUMO ENERGIA ELÉTRICA NO ÂMBITO DO PODER PÚBLICO
Authors: José da Silva Clóvis 
Published: September 2022

The work begins with the following question: why study and analyze the segment da public ad-ministration, in particular public buildings? If in the end, segments: industrial, commercial, and residential, are the major consumers of the electricity supply and the graph the Figure 1 shows the evolution of electricity consumption in the industrial segment in the period between 1998 and 2010. The answer to that question requires in a way o understanding about discipline of the public manager and legislative acts.The public segment is directly linked to the executive, which through legislative acts can issue Decrees, Norms, Infra-Standards and Regulations that affect directly the public manager and consequently the units of public buildings, with this the answers to the changes, are of habits and customs or adaptation to the conditions that prevail at the moment, are more effective and allow us to measure with greater precision, these actions are reapplicable in the spheres, federal, state and municipal levels. The other segments only change their working conditions in the routine of the increase in the amounts charged in the tariffs and even then instead of implementing immediately measures to reduce spending prefer to pass on in some way the increase in tariffs, in addition to of this, the residential consumer does not usu-ally have the immediate sensitivity of the needs of changes habits because they are immediately impacted by increases in in the values of tariffs, and they think you already make the contributi-on by paying for the raise and often find that reducing costs is continue paying the same amount as the bill and don't know that that's an illusion making your perception disorderly. After a cer-tain time from delay all end up surrendering the reduction of spending on the electricity supply, returning the accounts to levels stipulated by the government measures as can be seen in the graph da Figure 1, that the effects of 2001 only impact more intensely on the industry in 2004. One of the objectives of this work is subsidize the Society in general and decision makers at various levels of public administration, with information, concepts, and suggestions for the de-velopment of actions aimed at reducing spending on the electricity supply, without prejudice to the environment. The work is based on the study impacts on the consumption, in demand, in number of units the public buildings and investments of the energy efficiency actions, in period understood between 1998 e 2010, in Brazil, but than addresses also from 1984 the effects cau-sed by rationings electric power, as crisiss in the financial system, legislative changes (Consuption) and elections (changes in guidelines of the policies of insvestiments). After constitutional reform, 1988, some functions that belonged to the passed to the municipality, how for example, the issue of public health, and the public administration had to adapt in a short time to its new role next to society, but these changes have not reduced the number of public buildings, such as education, where many buildings Were Sha-red between the state and the municipality, and in the following years it become imperative to increase the number of administrative units to meet the new functions of public administration and the increase in the economically active population. The issues relating to conservation of energy only begun to be developed with greater depth after 1998, in special with the lesson le-arned after the rationing of 2001, when many public managers have begun to consider reducing electricity consumption for avoid a uncomfortable situation penalties depending on the legislati-ve measures applied at the time. But it was found that from 2003, the effects of electricity ratio-ning have been dissipated and the escalation to increase consumption returned similar to what had occurred before 2001. One of the factors that corroborates the above is explained in the growth of eletricity consumption by the government, represented in the graph from figure 2. This information is also analyzed from the point of view of the regions of Brazil (north, south, center-west, and southeast). With the result of the application of this work we can induce an administrative vision focused on efficiency generating the reduction of spending on the electri-city supply in the public administration [5], we can show for society in general and to public managers, such as the behavior of the electricity supply in the public administration segment, through the studies of evolution the number of units of public buildings, the consumption and demand of electricity, when through: financial crises, electric power rationing and changes in these investment policies (Elections). In addition, to show the actions implemented aimed at the search for solutions and among them we can mention legislative measures, implementation of decrees aimed at reducing spending on electricity, such as the maintenance of internal energy conservation commissions, CICE, techno-logical update of equipment performing a pre-diagnosis [3], and the energy saved in the public sector between 2008 and 2018. This work has as relevance the analysis of a long information period and many of them in the past had periodicity of up to five years, and one of the possibilities in applications is the deter-mination of indexes for reference of expenses with the electric energy, as for example we can mention: consumption of electricity per employee public of administrative units, consumption per square meter of public administrative unit, and also from the point of view of electricity de-mand, in addition serves as orientative in the search for solutions for managers of public admi-nistration in the actions taken in the uncomfortable periods of the economy and rationing of electricity energy. Currently we are going through new challenges determined after the year 2020, which are: pan-demic infection through the COVID-19 virus, which generated the lockdown of minimally one year and which still persists the fighting in the year 2022; the change in the load profile as a function of the reduction of consumption and demand, with a view to the closure of the publics units; the Russia-Ukraine war that started oil scarcity, rising food prices, severe uncertainty in the international financial market due to the possibility of non-compliance with Russia's payments, increased inflation in the United States, Elections that generate changes or policy maintenance of the government in Brazil and the World. The only certainty we have at this moment is that there is still no forecast of the impacts, conse-quences, and the end of these effects. In the development of this work, a necessary time was allocated to the compilation and modeling of the data obtained, software development, interac-tion, and partnership with The National Eletric Energy Agency in data acquisition, web search of information, for example at the Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics and United Nati-ons Development Program.