bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Legal Principles of Social Entrepreneurship. Part 2
Authors:   Irkutsk State University, Sinkevich Z. V.
Published: March 2022

This article is a continuation of the research presented in the previous issue of the journal. In the first part of the work, the basic principles of regulation of social and legal relations in the provision of social services are considered, the combination of private and public principles is analyzed, the principle of the balance of private and public interests in the system of provision of social services, general principles of constitutional and civil law, and social security law are analyzed. Possible variants of combination of principles based in public and private sectors in relations for the provision of social services are considered. This paper analyzes the legal principles of social entrepreneurship. Particular attention is paid to the principle of freedom of contract, which is presented through the prism of freedom to provide social services. The features of the manifestation of freedom in contracts of a public nature have been determined. Taking into account the involvement of both state institutions and entities belonging to all forms of ownership in the provision of services, an analysis of the application of the principles of competition, the professionalism of providers of social services is presented. Problems are identified and conclusions are drawn regarding the consideration of social services as a type of social entrepreneurship and the possibility of applying norms on entrepreneurial activity to these relations. The article presents a comparative characteristic of the fundamental provisions of constitutional, civil and social security norms. Taking into account the public nature of relations of social security law, it was concluded that the civil legal essence of social services is influenced by public norms in the process of recognizing the right to receive social services, the establishment of criteria or the absence of criteria for the gratuitous nature of the service received or for partial payment, the choice of a provider of social services among those who have the right to provide them.
Pemilihan Moda Transportasi Saat Pandemi Covid-19 dengan Metode Promethee (Studi Kasus : Ruas Jalan Pemuda Kota Semarang)
Authors: Widyarini Galih , Pamungkas Wardhana Galih , Pratiwi Yesina Intan
Published: March 2022

Pandemi Covid-19 yang terjadi di Indonesia sejak Maret 2020 menyebabkan banyak perubahan baik di bidang ekonomi, sosial, politik dan sistem transportasi. Adanya pembatasan kegiatan yang dilakukan pemerintah untuk mengurangi penyebaran virus covid-19. Hal tersebut menyebabkan masyarakat khususnya di Kota Semarang lebih selektif dalam memilih moda transportasi yang digunakan. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui jenis moda transportasi darat yang dipilih oleh masyarkat saat pandemi covid-19. Pengumpulan data dengan menyebar kuisioner kemudian diolah dan dianalisis dengan metode promethee. Metode promethee merupakan metode penentuan urutan dalam analisis multikriteria. Batasan kriteria yang menjadi penentu pemilihan moda transportasi darat berupa kenyamanan, waktu perjalanan dan biaya perjalanan. Moda transportasi yang menjadi pilihan adalah transportasi umum, transportasi online dan kendaraan pribadi. Hasil analisis data dengan metode promethee menunjukkan bahwa urutan pertama yang dipilih adalah kendaraan pribadi, kedua transportasi umum, dan ketiga adalah transportasi online
Efficient Living Spaces With Net Zero Energy Consumption
Authors:   , Athukorala Sidath
Published: March 2022

To fulfill their agreement on the 'Paris Treaty on Climate Change,' the New Zealand government has taken the initiative to move into zero-carbon houses by 2030. However, the target date of 2030 is not far away, and we need to take relevant actions from now onward.

"Cities are on the front lines of the growing physical risks associated with climate change. They are home to more than half of the world's people, and by 2050, that figure is projected to rise to 68 percent" (Boland et al., 2021). Finding of Boland shows that we need to target urban population and get them to have net-zero energy houses by 2030 to fulfill NZ’s commitment towards Paris Treaty. Therefore, this research activity will target net-zero energy urban housing, which could minimize carbon emissions in New Zealand.

For this Project, it was assumed that the client's primary focus is environmentalism and want to live in an efficient house with a net-zero energy consumption which in turn minimize their carbon footprint. It was also assumed that clients would expect comfortable but compact living as their contribution to eco-friendly living. Hung (2010) states that people can experience nature as home and home like experience in nature (Hung, 2010). Therefore, more natural environment around Project houses will be provided to connect people and their homes to nature. The architectural concept of 'Living in Harmony with Nature in a Net-Zero Village within the City' has been introduced to meet clients' expectations. Individuals do not feel that they live in the nature as they did in the past. Apartments have separated from natural environment (Kooshali et al., 2015). Therefore, the Project houses will not consider attached townhouses.

The proposed research is expected to come up with suggestions and designs on how we could develop net-zero energy living spaces that could lead to zero carbon footprint houses. As part of the recommendations of the research, designs will be introduced. These designs can be used by different groups of people such as individuals, couples, and families. The model living spaces will be put up at the proposed site located near Petone beach. People could replicate and adapt the designs given in this research for constructing their living spaces.

In arriving the final design, to let the occupants live with nature, the Project houses had been set up in village like environment surrounded by natural vegetation. Suggestions were made to introduce natural ventilation and use of natural lighting. High R-value materials were recommended for the Project houses to minimize the energy consumption of heating and cooling.
The Determinants of Convexity in the Flow-Performance Relationship: A Study of Pakistani Mutual Funds
Authors: Khan Saleh Nawaz , Iqbal Javed , Amin Shahid , Rafique Atif
Published: March 2022

Purpose: This paper aims to study the potential sources of convexity in the flow-performance relationship curve in the Asian region.

Design/Methodology/Approach: The sample for this study includes 75 mutual funds from three broader investment categories: stock funds, balanced funds, and asset allocation funds. The data is collected from the financial reports of the respective funds from 2011 to 2020. The study employs the ordinary least square method on unbalanced panel data. 

Findings: The findings show that the fund flows are positively associated with fund performance in the Pakistani mutual fund market. The result also confirmed that the shape of the relationship is convex. The fund size and marketing expenditures are positively associated with convexity. However, fund age does not affect the convexity. The Result also confirmed that fund rating is not an appropriate proxy for fund size.

Practical Implication- In period of low performance mutual fund management can retain their investors by increasing their marketing expenditures and fund size.

Originality/Value: This paper fulfills an identified need to study the sources behind non-linear flow-performance relationship curve in the Asian region. This study also aims to resolve the conflict in literature relating to the fund size on the convexity of the flow performance relationship.
A Study on the Instructional Leadership Behaviors of Primary School Principals According to the Opinions of Administrators and Teachers
Authors: Akdağ Rabia , Erkilic Turan Akman
Published: March 2022

Purpose:  The purpose of the study is to determine how often primary school principals perform instructional leadership behaviors and whether their performance differs based on administrator and teacher views.
Design/Methodology/Approach: The study was designed as a descriptive quantitative study. Convenience sampling was used and 47 administrators and 190 teachers were included in the sample.
Findings: The study found that principals exhibited instructional leadership behaviors "most of the time" both in general and in its sub-dimensions.  Administrator and teacher views regarding the frequency of exhibiting the instructional leadership behaviors of principals differed based on gender, designation and educational levels.
Implications/Originality/Value: To what extent school principals exhibit instructional leadership behaviors in primary schools is important. Thus, determining how often primary school principals exhibit instructional leadership behaviors and the conditions that influence their behavior was deemed to be important.
Keefektifan Ekstrak Daun Pluchea indica dan Chromolaena odorata sebagai Bioinsektisida Terhadap Mortalitas Larva Plutella xylostella
Authors: Jannah Nur Aulia Miftahul , Yuliani Yuliani
Published: March 2022

Peningkatan hasil produksi di bidang  pertanian sering mengalami permasalahan, terutama keberadaan hama. Salah satunya serangan hama Plutella xylostella  terhadap tanaman kubis. Penanganan yang dilakukan para petani untuk mengatasinya dengan menggunakan insektisida sintetis. Namun, penggunaan insektisida sintetis dalam jangka panjang dapat menimbulkan pencemaran lingkungan. Sehingga, diperlukan alternatif lain seperti menggunakan insektisida nabati dari tumbuhan yang aman bagi lingkungan. Daun P. indica dan C. odorata merupakan daun yang memiliki potensi menjadi insektisida nabati karena mengandung senyawa aktif seperti flavonoid, alkaloid, steroid, tannin, saponin, dan minyak atsiri. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh jenis ekstrak daun P. indica, C. odorata dan kombinasinya dengan konsentrasi, serta interaksi antara jenis ekstrak dan konsentrasi terhadap mortalitas larva Plutella xylostella. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian eksperimen yang menggunakan rancangan acak lengkap (RAL) dua faktorial yaitu jenis ekstrak daun P. indica, C. odorata, dan kombinasinya serta menggunakan 4 jenis konsentrasi yaitu 8%, 10%, 12%, dan 14% dengan tiga pengulangan. Sehingga, terdapat 36 unit penelitian. Data yang diperoleh yaitu persentase mortalitas larva yang kemudian dianalisis menggunakan ANAVA dua arah lalu dilanjutkan uji duncan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat pengaruh jenis ekstrak daun P. indica, C. odorata, dan kombinasinya terhadap mortalitas larva, terdapat pengaruh jenis  konsentrasi terhadap mortalitas larva. Namun, tidak terdapat interaksi antara jenis ekstrak dan jenis konsentrasi. Semakin tinggi konsentrasi ekstrak, semakin tinggi mortalitas larva yang dihasilkan. Jenis ekstrak kombinasi daun P. indica dan C. odorata konsentrasi 12% dan 14% merupakan jenis ekstrak dan konsentrasi yang paling optimal terhadap mortalitas larva dengan persentase mortalitas 59,00% dan 66,14%.
Isolasi, Karakterisasi, dan Uji Potensi Bakteri Pelarut Fosfat dari Rhizosfer di Pegunungan Kapur Selatan, Tulungagung
Authors: Mardyansah Deviko , Trimulyono Guntur
Published: March 2022

Revitalisasi lahan akibat kegiatan pertambangan batu marmer di pegunungan kapur dapat dilakukan salah satunya dengan menanam tanaman pionir. Tingginya kadar fosfat terikat di pegunungan kapur membuat tanaman pionir tidak dapat tumbuh dengan baik, sehingga diperlukan peran mikroorganisme seperti bakteri pelarut fosfat untuk melepaskan fosfat yang terikat. Penelitian dilakukan untuk mengisolasi dan mengkarakterisasi bakteri pelarut fosfat dari tanah rhizosfer tanaman jati dan sengon di pegunungan kapur selatan Kabupaten Tulungagung Jawa Timur, serta kemampuannya dalam melarutkan fosfat. Data penelitian yang diperoleh berupa data parameter lingkungan, karakter isolat, nilai indeks pelarutan fosfat, dan kadar fosfat terlarut. Nilai indeks pelarutan fosfat diukur dengan membandingkan total diameter koloni dan halo zone dengan diameter koloni pada media Pikovskaya agar, sedangkan kadar fosfat terlarut pada media Pikovskaya cair diukur menggunakan spektrofotometer. Karakterisasi isolat meliputi karakter morfologi koloni dan sel, fisiologi, dan biokimia. Karakter yang diperoleh kemudian digunakan untuk mengidentifikasi genus dari masing-masing isolat. Hasil penelitian memperoleh isolat bakteri pelarut fosfat yang sepuluh diantaranya memiliki halo zone tertinggi dengan karateristik unik yang kemudian dikarakterisasi dan diuji kemampuannya dalam melarutkan fosfat terikat. Kesepuluh isolat bakteri pelarut fosfat terpilih diduga termasuk ke dalam genus Acinetobacter, Azotobacter, dan Acetobacter. Nilai indeks pelarutan fosfat tertinggi pada media Pikovskaya agar adalah isolat IRS5 sebesar 2,85 ± 0,28 (kategori sedang) dan kadar fosfat terlarut tertinggi pada media Pikovskaya cair adalah isolat IRS26 sebesar 145,84 ± 2,73 ppm.
Uji Aktivitas Antibakteri Isolat Bakteri yang Diisolasi dari Umbi Porang (Amorphophallus muelleri) Terhadap Escherichia coli FNCC 0091 dan Staphylococcus aureus FNCC 0047
Authors: Savira Hasna Gita , Trimulyono Guntur
Published: March 2022

Escherichia coli dan Staphylococcus aureus termasuk dalam bakteri patogen. Escherichia coli merupakan penyebab infeksi penyakit diare serta Staphylococcus aureus dapat menyebabkan infeksi kulit pada manusia. Oleh sebab itu, diperlukan pengendalian menggunakan bahan alami, salah satunya isolat bakteri dari umbi porang (Amorphophallus muelleri) yang bersifat antibakteri. Penelitian dilakukan dengan mengisolasi bakteri pada umbi porang (Amorphophallus muelleri) yang memiliki aktivitas antibakteri terhadap penghambatan pertumbuhan Escherichia coli FNCC 0091 serta Staphylococcus aureus FNCC 0047. Umbi porang sebelum perlakuan difermentasikan selama 5 hari di udara terbuka. Proses isolasi menggunakan metode pour plate dilanjutkan dengan purifikasi koloni menggunakan metode streak plate. Uji aktivitas antibakteri dilakukan dengan 3 perlakuan yaitu kontrol negatif (akuades steril), isolat bakteri umbi porang, dan kontrol positif (kloramfenikol) dengan 3 pengulangan menggunakan metode sumuran. Isolat yang didapat berjumlah 9 isolat yang enam di antaranya berpotensi sebagai antibakteri terhadap pertumbuhan E. coli dan S. aureus. Isolat P2 menunjukkan aktivitas antibakteri tertinggi terhadap E. coli sedangkan P5 terhadap S. aureus diperoleh zona hambat secara berurutan yaitu 2,43 ± 0,40 cm dan 3,66 ± 0,57 cm.
Efek Pemberian Epigallocatechin 3-galllate (EGCG) terhadap Kadar Glukosa Darah dan Histopatologi Hepar Mencit Diabetes yang Diinduksi Aloksan
Authors: Sa'diyah Lailatus , Hariani Dyah
Published: March 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan efek senyawa epigallocatechin 3-gallate (EGCG) dalam menurunkan kadar glukosa darah puasa (GDP) dan memperbaiki gambaran histopatologi hepar mencit jantan yang diinduksi aloksan. Penelitian dilakukan menggunakan 24 ekor mencit dikelompokkan dalam 6 kelompok yaitu kelompok kontrol negatif, kontrol positif, EGCG dosis 7, 14, dan 21 mg/kgBB serta kelompok Glibenklamid 3 mg/kgBB. Pengukuran kadar GDP dilakukan pada hari ke-0, 7, 14, dan 21 menggunakan Glukometer. Pembuatan preparat histopatologi hepar menggunakan pewarnaan Hematoksilin-Eosin (HE). Data kadar GDP dianalisis menggunakan uji ANOVA, dilanjutkan uji Duncan. Data skor preparat hepar dianalisis dengan Kruskall-Wallis, dilanjutkan uji Mann- Whitney. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan terdapat penurunan kadar GDP dan perbaikan kerusakan sel hepar pada setiap penambahan dosis EGCG. Hasil uji ANOVA menunjukkan terdapat efek pemberian EGCG terhadap kadar GDP secara sangat signifikan (P<0,000). Dosis 21 mg/kgBB menghasilkan hasil terbaik dalam penurunan kadar GDP dibandingkan dengan kelompok lainnya. Hasil uji Kruskall-Wallis menunjukkan pemberian EGCG berpengaruh terhadap penurunan skor kerusakan sel hepar dengan sangat signifikan (P<0,001). Dosis EGCG 21 mg/kgBB adalah dosis terbaik dibandingkan dengan perlakuan yang lain. Berdasarkan data yang diperoleh dapat disimpulkan bahwa senyawa EGCG dalam berbagai dosis berpengaruhterhadap penurunan kadar GDP dan perbaikan sel hepar mencit diabetes diinduksi aloksan.
Respons Morfologi dan Kadar Glukomannan Tumbuhan Porang (Amorphophallus muelleri Blume) pada Lingkungan yang Berbeda
Authors: Qur'ani Nurul , Yuliani Yuliani , Dewi Sari Kusuma
Published: March 2022

Amorphophallus muelleri Blume merupakan tanaman umbi-umbian yang banyak tumbuh di Indonesia. A. muelleri memiliki kandungan glukomannan yang paling tinggi yaitu sekitar 55% dibanding genus Amorphophallus yang lain. Glukomannan ini banyak digunakan sebagai produk pengemulsi dan penstabil untuk industri makanan, minuman, kosmetik dan farmasi. Kadar glukomannan dan morfologi A. muelleri dipengaruhi kondisi lingkungan tempattumbuhnya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan respons morfologi dan kadar glukomannan tumbuhan porang (A. muelleri) pada lingkungan yang berbeda. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode observasi. Penelitian dilakukan di tiga daerah yaitu Desa Kowel (36 m dpl), Sambikerep (182 m dpl), Panglungan (613 m dpl) yang memiliki kelimpahan tumbuhan A. muelleri tinggi. Parameter morfologi meliputi tinggi batang, diameter kanopi daun, dan berat umbi. Parameter lingkungan meliputi faktor klimaterik yang terdiri dari ketinggian tempat, suhu udara, intensitas cahaya dan edafik yang terdiri dari pH tanah, kelembapan tanah, C organik, N total, tekstur tanah, dan kapasitas air lapang. Data dianalisis secara deskriptif kuantitatif dan diuji menggunakan Canonical Correspondence Analysis (CCA). Hasil penelitianmenunjukkan bahwa terdapat hubungan antara kondisi lingkungan (klimaterik dan edafik) dengan morfologi dan kadar glukomannan. Respons morfologi tinggi batang yang tertinggi terdapat di Desa Kowel sebesar 86,6 cm, lebar kanopi daun dan berat umbi terbesar terdapat di Desa Panglungan sebesar 64,4 cm dan 801,2 g. Kadar glukomannan tertinggi terdapat di Desa Panglungan (dataran sedang) sebesar 47,7%. Untuk mendapatkan umbi dan kadar glukomannan yang tinggi, maka  direkomendasikan untuk menanam porang didaerah Panglungan dengan ketinggian 613 m dpl.
MODELS OF PARKINSON'S DISEASE IN THE LABORATORY ANIMALS
Authors: V.I. Bogorodova , D.A. Borozdenko , N.M. Kiseleva , Vad.V. Negrebetsky
Published: March 2022

The increase in the incidence of Parkinson's disease, due to the aging population, is an acute medical and social problem. For a deeper understanding of the pathogenesis of the disease and ways to pre-vent it or pharmacological correction, numerous preclinical studies in animals are needed. The re-view presents the classification of modern models of Parkinson's disease in laboratory animals, the prevalence of use and their pathophysiological mechanisms. Rodents, non-human primates, and some non-mammals are used to model of Parkinson's disease; models can be neurotoxic or genetic in origin. Conclusions were drawn about the translational potential of each model, the possibility of using it for studying pathogenesis or therapy, as well as the complexity of application for researchers.
The Application of Mobile-Enhanced Collaborative Learning Models on Oral Presentation Competence in Rural Area During Covid-19 Pandemic
Authors: Rachman Dzul , Margana Margana , Priyanto Priyanto
Published: March 2022

Oral presentation skills are regarded as one of the most critical abilities required to achieve success in higher education and future careers. Therefore, this study focuses on examining the use of mobile-enhanced collaboration learning models to assist rural students in studying oral presentation skills. This involved 80 students in an online academic presentation class conducted through the implementation of video blogging. Data were collected from oral presentation videos and interviews while a modified Malouff and Shearer grading rubric was used to assess the students' presentation video and interview guide. The findings showed that the mobile-enhanced collaboration assists students, particularly those living in rural areas, to improve their oral presentation skills even during the period of the pandemic that they were forced to study from home. It is important to note that the students used the applications they deemed appropriate and accessible to accomplish their goal of creating a proper script and a professional video presentation. This means it is possible to provide students with a rich learning opportunity using oral presentation teaching models in order to enhance their future presentation skills.
Penggunaan Rakit Terbang Berbasis STEM untuk Mengembangkan Kemampuan Literasi Matematika Sekolah Dasar
Authors: Sari Kristika
Published: March 2022

Berdasarkan laporan PISA terkait rendahnya kompetensi literasi dan numerasi anak Indonesia yang rendah, pemerintah mulai menggiatkan peningkatan kemampuan peserta didik pada kedua aspek tersebut. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengembangkan literasi matematika melalui penggunaan rakit terbang berbasis STEM, mengetahui penerapan praktis penggunaan rakit terbang dalam pembelajaran. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode R & D. Pembelajaran diawali dengan permasalahan nyata yang ada di masyarakat dan menggali ide peserta didik untuk menyelesaikan permasalahan tersebut dalam matematika. Hasil penggunaan rakit terbang berbasis STEM mampu mengembangkan literasi matematika siswa. Hal itu ditunjukkan dengan nilai rata-rata peserta didik. Rata-rata hasil belajar peserta didik pada aspek memformulasikan adalah 93,33; pada aspek menggunakan nilai rata-ratanya 91,67; dan pada aspek interpretasi nilai rata-ratanya adalah 88,75. Peserta didik juga senang serta antusias dalam pembelajaran menggunakan rakit terbang berbasis STEM.
Identifikasi Kompetensi Literasi Sains Peserta Didik Pada Pelajaran Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam di SMP Negeri 43 Rejang Lebong
Authors: Permatasari Noni
Published: March 2022

Literasi sains anak-anak Indonesia dalam beberapa tahun terakhir masih tergolong rendah dan berada pada peringkat bawah diantara negera-negara berkembang lainnnya. Salah satu kebijakan pemerintah adalah melaksanakan Asesmen Kompeteni Minimum menggunakan soal tes literasi numerasi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kompetensi literasi sains peserta didik pada materi interaksi makhluk hidup dan ekosistem di Sekolah Menengah Pertama Negeri 43 Rejang Lebong yang merupakan sekolah predikat 3T. Metode penelitian bersifat deskriptif kuantitatif yang dimulai dengan perancangan soal tes berbassi literasi sains dengan subjek penelitian 13 peserta didik yaitu terdiri 7 siswa perempuan dan 6 siswa laki-laki. Analisis data dilakukan dalam beberapa tahap yaitu validasi soal, penskoran, dan analisis capaian kompetensi literasi sains. Hasil penskoran tes diperoleh bahwa nilai kompetensi literasi peserta didik yang sangat rendah. Hal ini ditandai oleh tiga aspek literasi yaitu peserta didik dapat menjelaskan (1) Fenomena Ilmiah diperoleh sebanyak 26,15%, (2) mengevaluasi dan merancang penyelidikan ilmiah diperoleh sebanyak 38,46%, dan peserta didik dapat menjawab butir soal aspek “interpretasi data dan bukti secara ilmiah”. (3) menginteprestasi data dan bukti secara ilmiah diperoleh sebanyak 35,39%. Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini adalah kemampuan literasi sains peserta didik di Sekolah Menengah Pertama Negeri  43 Rejang Lebong diperoleh katagori rendah pada 3 aspek literasi yaitu, menjelaskan fenomena ilmiah, mengevaluasi dan merancang penyelidikan ilmiah, dan menginteprestasi data dan bukti secara ilmiah.
Diseños de investigación epidemiológica conceptos generales, herramientas y métodos
Authors: Acuña Acebo Mercedes Del Rosario , Bravo Bonoso Delia Georgina , Espinoza Lucas Milton Rene , Cedeño Casanova Agustina Elizabeth , Delgado López Deysi Agripina , Castro Jalca Jazmín Elena , Sornoza Zavala Giorgi Augusto , Pinargote Chancay Rosa del Roció , Zúñiga Arreaga Leonel Amador , Zambrano Vera Carlos Djalmar
Published: March 2022

¿Qué es la epidemiología? ¿Qué es un diseño de investigación? ¿Cuál es la importancia del diseño en los estudios epidemiológicos? Estas preguntas son frecuentes y ocupan la atención tanto de estudiantes como de profesionales de distintas áreas de la salud interesados en el estudio de la epidemiología y la investigación en el ámbito epidemiológico. El libro que lleva por título: “Diseños de investigación epidemiológica, conceptos generales, herramientas y métodos”, ofrece al lector interesado una respuesta breve y de fácil lectura, académicamente rigurosa a estas y otras interrogantes sobre diversos tópicos relacionados con la investigación en el campo de la salud y especialmente en la epidemiología como rama especifica de la ciencia médica. En general los objetivos perseguidos por la investigación médica son dos: a) determinar las causas y factores etiológicos de la enfermedad y, b) evaluar la eficacia de un tratamiento farmacológico o intervención clínica para conocer su efecto sobre la historia natural de la enfermedad. Investigación Médica Estos grandes objetivos de la investigación médica solo pueden lograrse aplicando el diseño de estudio adecuado. El diseño es la estrategia metodológica que emplea el investigador para responder apropiadamente a la pregunta: ¿Cómo se logran los objetivos de la investigación? En este sentido, el diseño señala lo que el investigador debe hacer para alcanzar los objetivos formulados en el estudio. De ahí que el diseño desempeñe un rol esencial en la fundamentación y desarrollo de la investigación epidemiológica. Sin duda, la validez y fiabilidad de un estudio epidemiológico radica en la calidad de su diseño.
INTERRELATION OF PSYCHO-EMOTIONAL CHARACTERISTICS AND VALUE ORIENTATIONS OF STUDENTS IN THE PERCEPTION OF CINEMA IN A PANDEMIC
Authors:   Russian-Armenian University, Berberyan Asya S. , Oganesyan Anahit O. ,   Russian-Armenian University
Published: March 2022

The issues of psycho-emotional characteristics and value orientations of students in the perception of cinema in a pandemic are presented in the article. The authors focused on psycho-emotional characteristics, value system of orientations and perception of cinema in a pandemic. Purpose of the research: to study the relationship between psycho-emotional characteristics and value orientations of students, taking into account the preference for a certain genre of film in a pandemic. Student age opens up opportunities for identifying the direction of value orientations and the realization of personal potential. The article shows that values and cinema are closely interrelated, since cinema is a very powerful tool in the socio-psychological development of a person. The analysis of scientific literature carried out by us has shown that value orientations have a very strong effect on people’s lives, on their choice in life situations. An empirical study was carried out and the results of the study confirm the hypotheses put forward, which consisted in the assumption that students have a relationship between the preference for a certain film genre and the indicator of “self-development”, and also the hypothesis was confirmed that the modality of emotions is associated with the level of spiritual satisfaction.
EXPERIENCE OF JOB LOSS BY PRE-RETIREMENT AGE SPECIALISTS
Authors:   Institute of Psychology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Emelyanova Tatyana P. , Vikentieva Eva N. ,   Financial University under the Government of the Russian Federation
Published: March 2022

The study of the experience of job loss by specialists of preretirement age in connection with their financial anxiety as a personal factor, as well as with self-assessment of the financial situation and subjective financial well-being is presented in the article. Approaches to the study of financial anxiety as a reactive state and financial anxiety as a personal property are analyzed. It is noted that specialists of preretirement age are subject to noticeable discrimination by employers and experience problems with employment and education. The results of a study of unemployed people of pre-retirement age (N=153) using the “Scale of Personal Financial Anxiety” methods, the Job Loss Situation Perception Questionnaire, the “Social Axioms”, “Value Orientations”, questionnaires for self-assessment of the financial situation and subjective financial wellbeing are presented. Four empirical types of the unemployed are identified, and the features of their perception of the situation of job loss, selfassessment of financial well-being and satisfaction with it are described. Significant differences were found in the level of financial anxiety, self-assessment of financial well-being and satisfaction with it among representatives of different types. It is noted that financial anxiety, being a personality trait, is apparently a significant factor in the perception of a situation of lack of work and determines the general emotional state of the individual, cognitive elaboration of the prevailing life circumstances, as well as behavior strategies in this situation. The possible social consequences of the emotional problems of the unemployed are shown, and the prospects for further research are outlined.
FEATURES OF THE IDENTITY OF REPRESENTATIVES OF THE THREE PROFESSIONAL COMMUNITIES IN THE PROCESS OF SOCIALIZATION
Authors:   Psychological Institute, Russian Academy of Education, Konchalovskaya Margaret M. , Yurchenko Natalya I. ,   Psychological Institute, Russian Academy of Education
Published: March 2022

Diversity, “fluidity”, ambiguity of the modern world contributes to the emergence of different structures and varieties of identity, instability of the balance of identities. The study of the features of socio-cultural, territorial, linguistic and ethnic identities is of great importance in modern reality. The study allowed us to consider a more complete picture of the similarities and differences in the identities of students in three professional communities. The study involved 60 respondents aged 19 to 27 years. In the structure of sociocultural identity, the family turned out to be the most significant group for all the subjects at the present uncertain and unstable time. All respondents demonstrated the great importance of linguistic identity in the study. It is noted that mathematics students have less respect for a foreign language than for Russian, and for linguistic students, their native language is less significant than a foreign one. In the study of ethnic identity, the most positive attitude to their own culture and to living in their native country was shown by a group of future mathematics teachers, and students-psychologists indicated a dim position towards their native culture and an active desire to change their place of residence to another country. Linguistic students gave the most multiple characteristics of their own and foreign culture. The study showed that the formation of territorial, sociocultural, linguistic and ethnic identities of mathematics students, linguistics students and psychology students is greatly influenced by the professional community, the presence of professional experience, as well as the social environment, social status, age, the situation with COVID-19 in the country and the world.
Development Of A Supplementary Technique For Determining In Situ Stress Magnitude Using Acoustic Wave Propagation
Authors: Widarsono Bambang
Published: March 2022

In accordance with the increasing awareness of the importance of in situ stress information in the design of various geotechnical and other petroleum related subsurface engineering in Indonesia, a complete knowledge of the insitu stress is a fundamental requirement. Basically, complete information of the insitu state of stress means both the trends and magnitudes of the principal in situ stresses. Some stress determination techniques can provide a complete stress tensor (e.g. differential strain analysis, DSA, method), some provide an incomplete tensor (e.g. sleeve fracturing method), and some provide merely the directions of the principal stresses. The Shear wave (S-wave) splitting technique presented by Widarsono et al (1998), following the earlier works made by Yale and Sprunt (1989), obviously falls in the last category. In some cases, which usually do not require in situ stress information regarding the magnitudes as an input parameter, principal stress directions still provide useful information. Nevertheless, the expanding use of in situ stress information requires, as stated above, a complete information, which means the stress magnitudes as well as directions. Designs of hydraulic fracturing, wellbore stability, and prevention of sand problems are among examples for which information about in situ stresses is required.In relation to the requirement outlined above, the effort which results are presented in this paper was devoted to presenting efforts to predict in situ stress magnitude by using ultrasonic wave propagation. This paper mainly presents efforts to find relations between acoustic propagation and in situ stress magnitude with an ultimate goal to provide the S-wave splitting technique presented in Widarsono et al (1998) with a means for estimating stress magnitudes.
Cultural Pluralist Perspective: Assessing the Functions of Ethno-Religious Politics in the Philippines
Authors: Taya Shamsuddin L , Macasayon Mocamad M , Lantong Abdul M , Ali Abubakar L
Published: March 2022

Any general effort to account for the role of ethno-religiosity in the Philippines raises the question of the dominant role ethnoreligious politics has taken. Thus, the purpose of this article is to examine and analyze the role of ethnoreligious politics in the Philippines, using the Cultural Pluralist perspective. To this theory, the melting pot has never eradicated ethnoreligious politics in any given country.  It is divided into three parts. Firstly, it deals with the economic function of ethnoreligious politics in the region. Secondly, it looks into the psychological role of ethnoreligious politics. Lastly, examines the civic role of ethnoreligious politics in the Philippines. As shown in this article, many people in the Philippines have been unified from time to time by ethnoreligious bonds and used politics to secure material goals, to satisfy their psychic needs, and on occasion, to bring about fundamental changes in their civic values. Therefore, it is clearly indicated that ethnoreligious politics serves as a tool in achieving their material desires, psychological needs and recognition of their civic values.AbstrakSetiap upaya umum dalam menjelaskan pengaruh etnoreligiusitas di Filipina menimbulkan pertanyaan mendasar tentang peran dominan yang diambil oleh politik etnoreligius. Dengan demikian, tujuan artikel ini adalah mengkaji dan menganalisis peran politik etnoreligius di Filipina dengan menggunakan perspektif Kultural Pluralis. Menurut teori ini, politik etnoreligius tidak dapat dihapuskan di negara mana pun. Hal ini berhubungan dengan tiga hal pokok. Pertama, berkaitan dengan fungsi ekonomi politik etnoreligius di wilayah tersebut. Kedua, melihat peran psikologis politik etnoreligius. Terakhir, mengkaji peran politik sipil etnoreligius di Filipina. Seperti yang ditunjukkan dalam artikel ini, banyak orang Filipina telah dipersatukan dari waktu ke waktu oleh ikatan etnoreligiusitas dan menggunakan politik etnoreligius untuk mengamankan tujuan material, memenuhi kebutuhan psikis, dan kadangkadang membawa perubahan mendasar dalam nilai-nilai kewarganegaraan mereka. Oleh karena itu, diindikasikan bahwa politik etnoreligius berfungsi sebagai alat untuk mencapai berbagai kepentingan dari para penganutnya.
Rapa'i Daboih: Its Background History and Development in North Aceh
Authors: Azhari Teuku
Published: March 2022

The Indonesian is a nation that is very rich in culture. Rapa’i Daboih is one of the customs and cultures that developed in Acehnese society which demonstrates the magic of the immune dance and is played by 6-8 people in groups. This research is conducted to preserve the Rapa’i Daboih culture and pass it on to the younger generation since it is starting to lose its grip upon the eyes of the Acehnese people. This study aims to explore the background history and development of Rapa’i Daboih in Aceh, how it existed and has grown, up to the current era. The study brings about two main objectives; a) to understand the implementation and procedures of Rapa’i Daboih; b) to study the background history of Rapa’i Daboih and its early development in Aceh, especially in North Aceh. This study was conducted in Ulee Pulo dan Paloh Lada village, two villages in the North Aceh district. The study undertook a conventional qualitative approach method starting with an interview with actors in the subject and followed by observation and documentation of their activities in the field.ABSTRAKIndonesia merupakan bangsa yang sangat kaya akan budaya. Rapa’i Daboih merupakan salah satu adat dan budaya yang berkembang di masyarakat Aceh yang mempertunjukkan kesaktian tarian kebal, dan dimainkan oleh 6-8 orang secara berkelompok. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk melestarikan budaya Rapa’i Daboih dan mewariskannya kepada generasi muda, karena sudah mulai kehilangan cengkeramannya pada masyarakat Aceh. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menggali latar belakang sejarah dan perkembangan Rapa’i Daboih di Aceh, asal muasal munculnya, dan perkembangannya hingga saat ini. Studi ini memiliki dua tujuan utama; a) memahami pelaksanaan dan prosedur Rapa’i Daboih; b) mempelajari latar belakang sejarah Rapa’i Daboih dan awal perkembanganya di Aceh, khususnya di Aceh Utara. Penelitian ini dilakukan di Desa Ulee Pulo dan Paloh Lada, dua desa di Kabupaten Aceh Utara. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode pendekatan kualitatif konvensional yang diawali dengan wawancara dengan aktor-aktor yang menjadi subjek penelitian dan dilanjutkan dengan observasi dan dokumentasi kegiatan mereka di lapangan.
Development of Rapid Vigor Test Using Urine Sugar Analysis Paper for Soybean (Glycine max L.) Seeds
Authors: Rukundo Jean D’amour , Suhartanto M. Rahmad , Ilyas Satriyas
Published: March 2022

Seed vigor is an essential parameter of seed quality. It plays a critical value in the decision-making for the seeds to be used in agronomic and horticultural crops. The urinary sugar analysis paper (USAP) test determines seed vigor based on leakage concentration from the seed and corresponding color change of the USAP, which are obtained after soaking the seeds in water.  This research was conducted from January 2021 to November 2021, intending to develop a rapid soybean vigor test using USAP, and it was composed of two experiments. Soybean seeds of the Biosoy1 variety were obtained from ICABIOGRAD (Indonesian Center for Agricultural Biotechnology and Genetic Resource Research and Development). The seeds consisted of three different levels of seed lots (low, medium, and high viability with 35%, 64%, and 94% germination percentages, respectively). The first experiment was to determine moisture content and soaking period for the USAP seed vigor test. It was arranged in a completely randomized design with one factor as the combination of three seed lots, two levels of seed moisture content (10-12% and 13-14%), and four levels of the soaking period (0, 6, 8, and 10 hours). The second experiment was the optimization of the soaking period by seed number. It was arranged in a completely randomized design with one factor, which was combinations of three seed lots, three levels of seed numbers (50, 75, and 100 seeds), and the soaking period (four levels as 0, 6, 8, and 10 hours). The data were analyzed statistically by the Minitab package. The result showed that both combinations of 10-12% and 13-14% moisture content with the soaking period of 10 hours effectively differentiated the three seed lots into three vigor levels using USAP. Experiment 2 optimized the soaking period from 10 hours to 8 hours by using 100 seeds. The USAP color change was effectively significant to indicate seed lot vigor levels, mainly based on protein leakage concentration on USAP. The color changes from pale yellow-green for higher vigor seed lot to light greenish-blue for low vigor. The USAP was effective for the soybean vigor test for the seed lot with 10-14% moisture content by soaking 100 seeds into 50 ml of distilled water for 8 hours. The USAP is a promising rapid vigor test method but still needs to be developed further.
Morphology and Starch Production Potential of Sago Palm Found in Village Haripau, East Mimika Subdistrict, Mimika, Papua Province, Indonesia
Authors: Nurulhaq Muhammad Iqbal , Bintoro Muhammad Hasjim , Supijatno Supijatno
Published: March 2022

Papua, Indonesia is the largest sago palm (Metroxylon spp) distribution area in the world. Most (85%) of the total sago area in the world is in Indonesia, and 95% of the sago area in Indonesia is in Papua and West Papua. Field observation of accessions of sago palm was conducted at the sago growing area at Hiripau village. The aim of the study was to determine the diversity of sago palm accessions from Hiripau village and compare their morphology and starch production. Based on interviews with the local farmers, the four accessions of sago palm that dominated the Hiripau area are Nakowai, Mapartaro, Tuhai, and Korearipi. These accessions vary in the spine characteristics, features of the trunk, leaf, pith, and starch production. Sago Mapartaro leaves are the largest (23.56 m2) and the leaflet areas are almost twice the size of the other accessions. Tuhai has the highest starch yield but it has high ash content resulting in low starch quality.
Identification of Secondary Metabolite Compounds in Two Varieties of Young Winged Beans (Psophocarpus tetragonolobus L.) at Two Harvest Ages
Authors: Susanti Destia , Melati Maya , Kurniawati Ani
Published: March 2022

The winged bean (Psophocarpus tetragonolobus L.) is a member of the Fabaceae family (beans). Winged bean is developed as a vegetable, and young winged bean pods can be consumed fresh, steamed, fried, or pickled. In Southeast Asia, winged bean pods are generally cooked or consumed as side dishes or salad. Winged bean contains high protein content equivalent to soybean seed. Besides being rich in protein, vitamins, and minerals, the winged bean also has secondary metabolites, including phenolics and flavonoids. This study aimed to identify secondary metabolites in young pods of two varieties, “Fairuz” and “Sandi”, at two different harvest ages of 8 and 10 days after anthesis (DAA) and provide the biological activity on each identified compound. The experiment was conducted at the IPB experimental field at Leuwikopo, Bogor, from September 2020 to February 2021. The identification of secondary metabolites of the young green pods “Fairuz”, and the young purple pods “Sandi”, was performed using the GCMS method at the Regional Health Laboratory (KESDA) DKI Jakarta. The results of the GCMS analysis showed that 1,2-enzenedicarboxylic acid, mono(2-Ethylhexyl) ester was the most abundant compound identified from pods harvested at 8 DAA  in both varieties, namely 42.26% in “Fairuz” and 26.66% in “Sandi”. Other compounds, 9,12,15-Octadecatrienoic acid, ethyl ester, (Z, Z, Z) (Linoleic acid ester), were found in “Fairuz”, whereas  (9E,12E)-9,12-Octadecadienoic acid (Linoleic acid) was found in “Sandi”; these compounds are hydroxyl group and phenolic glucoside compounds and are found in pods harvested at 10 DAA.
Agresivní řízení a jeho projevy ve vztahu k rysům osobnosti, dalším osobnostním proměnným, situačnímu kontextu a možná preventivní opatření
Authors:   Centrum dopravního výzkumu, Czech Republic, Horáková Miroslava
Published: March 2022

Aggressive driving is an important phenomenon today. Our study describes aggressive driving, its specific manifestation, and analyses possible causes and the main context. It´s shown that aggressive driving is a complicated construct with multifactorial causes and has a wide range of manifestations, from mild forms to road rage. The main point of aggressive driving is such driver´s behaviour, which threatens or restricts other road users and leads to risky situations. Lots of studies find as the main reason for aggressive driving the personality characteristics (sensation-seeking, impulsivity, aggressiveness, and irritability), the personality structure Big Five seems to be a good predictor seems. Other studies rate as the key causes the situational factors, like traffic congestion, anonymity on the roads, and time pressure. The multifactorial approach evaluates this phenomenon as the result of internal and external factors. The important influencing factors are social norms and driving culture in a country. In conclusion, we discuss possible preventive measures for minimization of aggressive driving behaviour that should be complex and effect as individuals (therapeutic programs for aggressive drivers, education in driving schools preventive campaigns) so external environment (changes in road environment with the goal of minimization the driving pressure).
The Influence of Operation Duration and Ischemic Time of Artificial Circulation on the Structure of Postoperative Complications in Patients after Surgical Treatment of Multivalvular Defects Combined with Coronary Pathology
Authors: Semeniv Petro M.
Published: March 2022

The aim. To determinate the influence of the duration of artificial circulation and ischemic time on the structure of complications with one-time combined correction of lesions of two or three heart valves and myocardial revascularization and the possibility of their avoidance.

Materials and methods. The work is based on a comparative analysis of the results of one-step multivalvular correction combined with coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) in 93 patients, which was performed at the National Amosov Institute of Cardiovascular Surgery from 2014 to 2021. Depending on the tactical approaches and the sequence of surgical manipulations, the patients were divided into three groups. Group I included patients who underwent heart valve correction first and then CABG with the use of cardioplegia (n = 42), group II patients underwent CABG first and then valve correction with the use of cardioplegia (n = 36), and group III patients underwent off-pump CABG first and then correction of the heart valves (n = 15). The groups differed significantly in terms of ischemic time and artificial circulation.

Results. The use of different approaches to achieve high-quality protection of the myocardium during ischemia and to minimize the impact of artificial circulation on the body by improving conditions and reducing ischemic time in the correction of multivalvular lesions and CABG showed significant advantages of the method of off-pump bypass.

Conclusions. Correction of combined valvular and coronary pathology in patients with cardioplegic arrest increases the ischemic time above the critical point, which affects the occurrence of specific complications, especially acute heart failure, which significantly worsens the immediate results of surgery. Complications that occurred in the postoperative period in patients with the correction of valvular defects combined with CABG were due to prolonged cardiovascular failure. The technique proposed in the study group with off-pump bypass surgery was more effective than in groups where bypass was performed with the use of cardioplegic cardiac arrest. This technique requires more time to perform and is more technically complex, but can significantly reduce myocardial ischemic time, which, in turn, significantly reduces the incidence of heart failure and postoperative complications.