bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Bio-Priming Benih Menggunakan Campuran Rizobakter Indigenous untuk meningkatkan Kualitas Fisiologis Benih Kedelai (Glycine max L. Merril)
Authors: Mudi La , Bahrun Andi , Sutariati Gusti Ayu Kade
Published: July 2019

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mempelajari efektivitas bio-priming benih menggunakan campuaran rizobakter indigenous untuk meningkatkan kualitas fisiologis benih kedelai. Penelitian telah dilakukan pada Bulan November 2014 sampai dengan Januari 2015 di Laboratorium Agroteknologi Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Halu Oleo. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) factor tunggal yang terdiri dari delapan perlakuan yaitu: control (tanpa perlakuan rizobakter), bio-priming menggunakan Bacillus sp. CKD061, bio-priming menggunakan P. fluorescens PG01, bio-priming menggunakan Serratia sp. CMN175,  bio-priming menggunakan campuran Bacillus sp. CKD061 + P. fluorescens PG01, bio-priming menggunakan campuran Bacillus sp. CKD061 + Serratia sp. CMN175, bio-priming menggunakan campuran P. fluorescens PG01 + Serratia sp. CMN175 dan bio-priming menggunakan campuran Bacillus sp. CKD061 + P. fluorescens PG01 + Serratia sp. CMN175. Setiap perlakuan diulang sebanyak tiga kali sehingga seluruhnya terdiri dari 24 unit percobaan. Data hasil penelitian dianalisis ragam dengan uji lanjut Duncan’s Multiple Range Test (DMRT). Hasil pengamatan pengujian fisiologis benih menunjukkan bahwa bio-priming menggunakan campuran Bacillus sp. CKD061 + P. fluorescens PG01 meningkatkan kualitas fisiologis benih. Bio-priming benih menggunakan campuran Bacillus sp. CKD061 + P. fluorescens PG01 memberikan hasil yang lebih baik dalam meningkatkan viabilitas dan vigor benih kedelai.Keywords: Bacillus sp. CKD061 + P. fluorescens PG01, bio-priming benih, campuran  rizobakter, kualitas fisiologis benih, rizobakter Indigenous,
Analisis Agroekosistem untuk Pengembangan Tanaman di Kota Kendari An Analysis of Agro Ecosystem for the Development of Crops in Kendari City
Authors: Jufri Syamsuddin , Ginting Sahta , Safuan La Ode
Published: July 2019

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis untuk pengembangan tanaman di Kota Kendari,  terdiri dari tanaman padi (Oryza sativa), jagung (Zea mays), sorghum (Shorgum bicolar), ubi kayu (Manihot esculenta), dan kacang tanah (Arachis hypogea). Penelitian ini telah dilaksanakan di Kota Kendari , analisis tanah dilaksanakan di Laboratorium Seameo Biotrop Bogor pada Bulan Desember 2014 sampai dengan Juli 2015. Kajian kondisi agroekosistem ini menggunakan beberapa analisis yaitu analisis iklim menggunakan metode klasifikasi Iklim Oldeman dan analisis kesesuaian iklim dan tanah terhadap tanaman menggunakan metode FAO pada tingkat kelas; dan analisis  produksi tanaman terhadap kondisi iklim menggunakan metode regresi linear berganda. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa curah hujan di Kota Kendari berkisar 1.744-1.942 mm, rata-rata temperature udara  24-27°C, dan kelembapan 81-95%, dengan tipe iklim D3 and E2. Kesesuaian  tanaman terhadap kondisi iklim berkisar antara sangat sesuai (S1) sampai dengan agak sesuai (S3), kesesuaian terhadap kondisi fisik dan kimia tanah berkisar antara sangat sesuai (S1) sampai dengan tidak sesuai (N2).  Lahan di Kendari untuk budidaya tanaman direkomendasikan  untuk pengembangan tanaman  padi mencapai 13.219,93 ha, untuk jagung mencapai 10.753,60 ha, untuk sorghum  mencapai  13.219,93 ha, untuk ubi kayu 13.689,41 ha, dan untuk kacang tanah 13.219,93 ha.Keywords: Agroekosistim, curah hujan,, evaluasi laha, iklim, , kelembapan udara, temperature udara
EFEKTIVITAS BERBAGAI FORMULASI RIZOBAKTERI SEBAGAI BIOHERBISIDA PADA PERTANAMAN KEDELAI (Glycine max (L.) Merril)
Authors: Bahrawi Afiati , Karimuna La , Muhidin Muhidin
Published: July 2019

ABSTRACKThe purpose of this research was to study the effectiveness of various formulations rhizobacteria as bioherbicide in soybean. This research was conducted at the Agrotechnology Laboratory Unit Agronomy and Field Laboratory, Faculty of Agriculture Halu Oleo university, Kendari from March to June 2016.This research was arranged on randomized complete block design (CBD), which consisted of seven treatments that are P0 (Control), P1 (Bacillus sp. A05 + water), P2 (Bacillus sp. A05 + talc), P3 (Bacillus sp. A05 + husk charcoal powder), P4 (P. aeruginosa A08 + water), P5 (P. aeruginosa A08 + talc), P6 (P. aeruginosa A08 + husk charcoal powder). The treatments was repeated three times so that there were 21 experimental units. Weed vegetation were analyzed using quadratic metode, quadrant size used was 1x1 m2, observations were made one time when the soybean was 21 HST. The soybean data were analyzed using of analysis variance followed by Duncan's Multiple Range Test if the treatments was significant. The results showed that treatment of formulations rhizobacteria P6 namely P. aeruginosa A08 in the husk charcoal powder carrier formulation was the best among all 5 other formulations, that could be seen in the weeds vegetation analysis data results, showed that P. aeruginosa A08 in the husk charcoal powder carrier formulation could suppress the growth of Cleome rutidosperma D.C and Cyperus rotundus L. which was the dominant weeds in soybean. Husk charcoal powder was able to improve the suitability of rhizobacteria P. aeruginosa A08 as bioherbisida in the field so that they could worked more effectively as bioherbisida than other treatments. Keywords: Bioherbicides, formulation rhizobacteria, Glycine max (L.) Merrill
Efektivitas Kombinasi Pupuk Hayati Biofresh Plus Dengan Dosis Pupuk Anorganik NPK Dalam Meningkatkan Pertumbuhan Vegetatif Beberapa Varietas Kedelai (Glycine max L. Merrill) Di Lahan Ultisol
Authors: Anwar Anwar , Khaeruni Andi , Wijayanto Teguh
Published: July 2019

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji efektivitas kombinasi pupuk hayati Biofresh plus dengan dosis pupuk anorganik NPK yang berbeda dalam meningkatkan pertumbuhan vegetatif beberapa varietas kedelai di lahan Ultisol. Dilaksanakan di Laboratorium Proteksi Tanaman Unit Fitopatolgi Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Halu Oleo dan di Desa Lamomea Kecamatan Konda Kabupaten Konawe Selatan dari bulan Juli sampai bulan November 2016. Penelitian ini menggunakan Rancangan Petak Terbagi (RPT) dalam Rancangan Acak Kelompok (RAK). Petak utama adalah beberapa varietas kedelai terdiri dari 4 jenis yaitu varietas Argomulyo (V1), varietas Anjasmoro (V2), varietas Dering-1 (V3) dan varietas Dena-1 (V4). Anak petak adalah paket bioteknologi berbasis mikroba lokal yang terdiri 4 taraf  yaitu penggunaan pupuk hayati Biofresh plus (B1), pupuk hayati Biofresh plus dengan pupuk anorganik 25% dosis rekomendasi (B2), pupuk hayati Biofresh plus dengan pupuk anorganik 50% dosis rekomendasi (B3) dan tehnik budidaya konvensional (pupuk anorganik 100%) sebagai kontrol (B4). Sehingga terdapat 16 kombinasi perlakuan, setiap kombinasi perlakuan diulang sebanyak 3 kali sehingga terdapat 48 unit percobaan. Data hasil pengamatan di uji menggunakan  metode sisik ragam dan dilanjutkan dengan Uji Jarak Berganda Duncan (UJBD). Variabel pengamatan meliputi tinggi tanaman dan jumlah daun. Hasil penelitian menujukkan bahwa pengaplikasian pupuk hayati Biofresh plus dengan dosis pupuk anorganik NPK yang berbeda pada beberapa varietas kedelai memberikan pengaruh interaksi terhadap jumlah daun pada 6 dan 8 MST. Pengaplikasian mandiri beberapa varietas atau kombinasi pupuk hayati Biofresh plus dengan dosis pupuk NPK yang berbeda memberikan pengaruh nyata pada tinggi tanaman, jumlah daun pada 2 dan 4 MST. Varietas Argomulyo yang diaplikasikan pupuk hayati Biofresh plus dengan dosis pupuk anorganik NPK 50% rekomendasi memiliki respon pertumbuhan yang lebih baik dibandingkan dengan pemberian dosis pupuk anorganik NPK 100% (kontrol).Kata kunci: Pupuk hayati Biofresh, Varietas kedelai, pupuk anorganik NPK
Efektifitas Mikoriza Arbuskula dan Ampas Sagu dalam Meningkatkan Hasil Tanaman Okra (Abelmochus esculentus L.) pada Lahan Kering
Authors: Litta Nur Fitriani , Hasid Rachmawati , Afa Laode
Published: July 2019

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui efektivitas fungi mikoriza arbuskula Indigenous dan ampas sagu dalam meningkatkan hasil tanaman okra (Abelmochus esculentus L.) pada lahan kering. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di Laboratorium Lapangan, Laboratorium Agroteknologi dan Laboratorium Ilmu Tanah Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Halu Oleo Kendari, berlangsung mulai bulan Desember 2017 sampai April 2018. Penelitian ini menggunakan Rancangan Acak Kelompok (RAK) dengan pola faktorial yang diulang sebanyak tiga kali. Faktor pertama adalah perlakuan fungi mikoriza arbuskula yang terdiri dari: tanpa inokulasi fungi mikoriza arbuskula (M0),  inokulasi fungi mikoriza arbuskula 25 g  per lubang tanam (M1) dan inokulasi fungi mikoriza arbuskula 50 g per lubang tanam (M2). Faktor kedua adalah dosis bokashi ampas sagu yang terdiri dari: tanpa pemberian bokashi ampas sagu (S0), pemberian bokashi 5 t.ha-1 (S1), 10 t.ha-1 (S2), 15 t.ha-1 (S3) dan 20 t.ha-1 (S4). Data hasil pengamatan dianalisis dengan analisis ragam, dilanjutkan dengan Uji jarak Berganda Duncan (UJBD) jika terdapat pengaruh nyata. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa interaksi perlakuan fungi mikoriza arbuskula indigenous dan bokashi ampas sagu mampu meningkatkan pertumbuhan dan hasil tanaman okra yang ditunjukkan dengan peningkatan tinggi tanaman umur 42 HST dan jumlah buah. Aplikasi fungi mikoriza arbuskula indigenous secara mandiri berpengaruh secara nyata  dalam meningkatkan tinggi tanaman, jumlah daun, berat kering,  laju tumbuh absolut, panjang buah dan jumlah buah. Sedangkan aplikasi pupuk bokashi ampas sagu secara mandiri berpengaruh nyata terhadap tinggi tanaman, jumlah daun, diameter batang, berat kering, laju tumbuh absolut, panjang buah,  dan jumlah buah. Kombinasi perlakuan fungi mikoriza arbuskula indigenous 50 g pertanaman dan pupuk bokashi ampas sagu 20 t.ha-1 meningkatkan jumlah buah tanaman okra tertinggi, dengan peningkatan sebesar 56% dibanding kontrol.Kata kunci: Mikoriza arbuscula, okra, sagu
ANALISIS KELEMBAGAAN PENGELOLAAN HUTAN PRODUKSI DI UPTD KEHUTANAN MUNA UTARA I DINAS KEHUTANAN KABUPATEN MUNA PROVINSI SULAWESI TENGGARA
Authors: Rufendi Muhamad , Rianda La , Padangaran Ayub M
Published: July 2019

This study was conducted at Lambiku village in Napabalano sub district of Muna regency. The aims of the study were: (1) to find out the process of planning and implementing Hutan Tanaman Rakyat (HTR) developmental program at Lambiku village in Napabalano sub district of Muna regency; (2) to find out the effectiveness level of the implementation of Hutan Tanaman Rakyat (HTR) developmental program at Lambiku village in Napabalano sub district of Muna regency.  The study used a descriptive analysis to describe the process involved in the planning and implementation of HTR program at Lambiku village, as well as an effectiveness analysis to compare the planning and the implementation of HTR program at Lambiku village. The study employed a survey method and direct interview related to HTR program in Muna regency, as well as collected other supporting data from relevant institutions. Results of the survey and data collection were then described in accordance with the purpose of the study. The only location of HTR in Muna regency that has obtained the Permission for Utilizing Forest Wood Products from Hutan Tanaman Rakyat is Lambiku village in the sub district of Napabalano. There are 10 holders of IUPHHK-HTR in Lambiku village, with a total area of 63 hectares.  The planning of HTR program in Lambiku village of Napabalano sub district has been done in accord with prevailing regulations. The implementation of HTR program in Lambiku village has not been fully effective. It is important to optimize the performance those mentoring the HTR.Keywords: planning of HTR, implementation of HTR, effectiveness
KAJIAN RANTAI PASOK DAN PENDAPATAN USAHA PEMBENIHAN IKAN
Authors: Musarlin Musarlin , Padangaran Ayub M. , Hamzah Muhaimin
Published: July 2019

The system of chain supply in goldfish hatchery enterprise can be detected through the members of the chain, flow of the chain, and process of chain in goldfish hatchery business. The purposes of this study were to analyze the system of supply chain in goldfish hatchery enterprise, to analyze incomes generated from the goldfish hatchery enterprise, to analyze the correlation between the system of supply chain and incomes generated from the goldfish hatchery enterprise. The study was conducted at Unit Pembenihan Rakyat (UPR) in Konawe Regency in province of Sulawesi Tenggara, from April to September 2014. The population in this study was all farmers that own the UPR. Determination of respondents is done by census method. The number of respondents is 8 people. Data analysis was carried out in a qualitative descriptive way to assess supply chain systems, while the Kendal Rank Correlation analysis was used to determine the relationship of supply chain systems with goldfish hatchery income. The results of the study show that the supply chain mechanism of the goldfish hatchery commodity involves main suppliers, hatchery farmers, farmer-collectors, government, and farmer-raisers or end consumers. The flow of the goldfish hatchery commodity consists of three chains, namely: main suppliers à hatchery farmers à government à farmer-raiser; main suppliers à hatchery farmers à farmer-raiser, and main suppliers à hatchery farmers à farmer-collectors. The Kendal coefficient correlation was 90.6%, which indicates a significant correlation between supply chain and incomes generated from goldfish hatchery enterprise. Keywords: supply chain; goldfish hatchery; income; UPR; Konawe Regency
KELEMBAGAAN LOKAL MINI PURSE SEINE DALAM PENANGKAPAN IKAN DI PERAIRAN SELAT BUTON KECAMATAN DURUKA KABUPATEN MUNA
Authors: Boi La , Taufik Yani , Geo Laode
Published: July 2019

The local institution of mini purse seine is a rule in the mini purse seine group that regulates the cooperation between skipper and labor in catching fish in the waters of Buton strait. In 2010, the number of mini purse seine in Lagasa Village was 40 units and continued to decrease to 30 units in 2017, the number of mini purse seine 30 units. This happens because the skippers sell their fishing gear to the other party as they do not have labors that do fishing. This study aimed to assess the capacity and role of local mini purse seine institutions in fishing in Buton strait waters, Duruka district, Muna Regency. The method of analysis used in this study is descriptive qualitative analysis with the skippers and labors of mini purse seine as the main informant. The results showed that the institutional capacity affecting the sustainability of mini purse seine fishing equipment is the presence of labor. The lack of labor in mini purse seine is caused by low catches, autocratic and symbolic leadership style of the skipper, and violation of the rule of catch fish. The institutional group of mini purse seine has a role in forming cooperative groups in fishing, establishing fishing business units, and advising Lagga Village Government in solving fishing problems in Buton strait waters. Recommendations: The government of Muna regency and its associated elements should increase the institutional capacity of mini purse seine through the strengthening of mini purse seine organizations, institutionalization of values or norms, and resource management.Keywords: Mini Purse Seine; local institution; Bajo Tribe
ANALISIS EFISIENSI ALOKASI PENGGUNAAN FAKTOR PRODUKSI PADA USAHATANI TOMAT DI KECAMATAN KAPONTORI KABUPATEN BUTON
Authors: Amane Gusmin Sarif , Bahari Bahari , Geo La Ode
Published: July 2019

This study aims to analyze the factors that influence production and analyze the efficiency of allocation of the use of production factors on tomato farming conducted in Kapontori District, Buton Regency. Data collection was conducted in January-April 2019 with the survey method. A total of 67 tomato farmers were selected as samples using the simple random sampling method. Data were analyzed using multiple nonlinear regression with Cobb-Douglas production function followed by calculation of price efficiency. The results showed that the area of land, seeds, and fertilizers were factors of production which had a significant effect on tomato production. Tomato farming is on an increasing return to scale scale where increasing use of factors in the production of land, seeds, fertilizers, pesticides and labor simultaneously leads to a greater increase in tomato production. Production factor allocation efficiency analysis shows that the use of production factors in land area is not efficient so it needs to be added, the use of seed production factors is not efficient so it needs to be added, and the use of fertilizer production factors is inefficient so it needs to be reduced.Keywords: efficiency; production factors; tomatoes
Struktur Ukuran dan Parameter Populasi Rajungan (Portunus pelagicus, Linnaeus 1758) di Perairan Toronipa, Sulawesi Tenggara, Indonesia
Authors: Muchtar Ari Sandy , Sara La , Asriyana Asriyana
Published: July 2019

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis struktur ukuran dan parameter populasi rajungan (P. pelagicus) di perairan Toronipa yang dilakukan pada bulan Maret sampai Agustus 2014. Total sampel yang diperoleh adalah 376 ekor rajungan jantan dan 331 ekor rajungan betina. Kelas ukuran lebar karapas rajungan yang banyak tertangkap selama penelitian berkisar 95,84 mm – 106,35 mm untuk jantan dan 90,97 mm – 105,15 mm untuk betina. Data lebar karapas rajungan yang diperoleh dianalisis dan ditemukan 3 rata-rata kelompok ukuran (kohort). Ukuran lebar karapas rajungan tersebut dominan berada pada rata-rata 91,92 mm. Parameter populasi CW∞, K, and t 0 rajungan jantan dan betina terdapat kecenderungan nilai yang berbeda, yaitu CW∞ = 155,76 mm, K = 0,83/year, dan t 0 = - 0,126 untuk rajungan jantan, sedang CW∞ = 184,82 mm, K = 0,43/year, dan t 0 = - 0,231 untuk betina. Data parameter populasi rajungan tersebut mengindikasikan bahwa rajungan di perairan ini diusahakan dijaga/dipelihara dan dikelola baik karena nilai K kedua jenis kelamin relatif rendah dan akan membutuhkan waktu lama untuk mencapai nilai CW∞ kedua jenis kelamin. Diharapkan data dalam penelitian ini dapat menjadi bahan merumuskan pengelolaan rajungan agar supaya populasinya dapat dipertahankan. Kata Kunci:Struktur ukuran, Parameter populasi, Portunus pelagicus, Perairan Toronipa.
Tingkat Serangan Parasit serta Kandungan Logam Berat Merkuri (Hg) pada Kepiting Bakau (Scylla sp) Hasil Tangkapan di Desa Rarongkeu Kec. Lantari Jaya, Kab. Bombana Sulawesi Tenggara
Authors: Arjuna Aris Erick , Nur Indriyani , Hamzah Muhaimin
Published: July 2019

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui jenis parasit dan tingkat serangannya serta kandungan logam berat merkuri (Hg) pada kepiting bakau (Scylla sp) Hasil Tangkapan di  Desa Rarongkeu Kec. Lantari Jaya, Kab. Bombana Sulawesi Tenggara. Pemeriksaan parasit dilakukan pada organ insang sedangkan pemeriksaan logam berat merkuri dilakukan pada beberapa organ yaitu, insang, daging, darah dan pada parasit yang menginfeksi insang (Octolasmis sp). Seluruh parasit yang ditemukan pada penelitian ini merupakan ektoparasit yang terdiri dari Octolasmis sp.,dan Ascarophis sp yang menginfeksi organ insang. Nilai prevalensi parasit berkisar antara 50 – 100 % dan intensitas 69 - 150 Ind/ekor. Hasil pemeriksaan konsentrasi logam berat pada daging adalah (0,15 mg/kg), Insang (0,087 mg/kg), dan darah (<0,002 ml/l). Kualitas air yang diperoleh menunjukkan bahwa kualitas air masih berada dalam kisaran toleransi untuk menunjang kehidupan organisme. Kata kunci : Scylla sp, Parasit, Prevalensi,
Hubungan Panjang-Bobot dan Faktor Kondisi Ikan Baronang (Siganus sp.) di Perairan Tondonggeu Kecamatan Abeli Kota Kendari
Authors: Sudarno Sudarno , Asriyana Asriyana , Arami Hasnia
Published: July 2019

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis hubungan panjang-bobot dan faktor kondisi ikan baronang (Siganus sp.) di perairan Tondonggeu Kecamatan Abeli Kota Kendari. Penelitian dilaksanakan selama tiga bulan yaitu dari bulan Maret sampai Mei 2014.  Penentuan titik pengambilan sampel berdasarkan keterwakilan lokasi alat tangkap sero di perairan Tondonggeu. Sero yang digunakan mempunyai mata jaring penajuh 1,5 inci dan bunuhan 1 inci. Hasil penelitian ditabulasi dan dianalisis secara deskriptif. Parameter lingkungan menunjukkan kisaran suhu 29–300C; salinitas 30–31‰; derajat keasaman (pH) 6,0–7,0; kecepatan arus 0,048–0,068 m/detik; dan oksigen terlarut 6,3–7,73 mg/L. Jumlah ikan yang terkumpul sebanyak 1.059 ekor dengan kisaran panjang total 70,0–190,0 mm. Hubungan panjang-bobot ikan baronang jantan menunjukkan pola pertumbuhan isometrik saat bulan Maret (b=2,99); allometrik negatif saat bulan April (b=2,87) dan Mei (b=2,75). Tipe pertumbuhan ikan baronang betina menunjukkan pola allometrik positif saat bulan Maret (b=3,07); isometrik saat bulan April (b=2,96) dan Mei (b=2,98). Faktor kondisi ikan baronang jantan berkisar 0,89–1,17 dan betina 0,81–1,80. Ikan betina mempunyai kondisi lebih baik daripada ikan jantan. Kata kunci :   Baronang, allometrik positif, isometrik, Tondonggeu
Pertumbuhan dan Kadar Albumin Ikan Gabus (Channa striata) yang Diberi Pakan Keong Mas dengan Dosis Berbeda
Authors: Ilyas Sulastri , Kurnia Agus , Hamzah Muhaimin
Published: July 2019

This study aimed to determine the optimum dose of apple snail to improve the growth and albumin content of snake head fish. The fish were reared in 9 plastic container (diameter of 50 cm and height 55 cm). All container were filled with freshwater 10 L in each container filled with 5 fish (initial weight : 32,3 ± 1,7g). Three doses of apple snail : 10% of fish biomassa (treatment A), 15% of fish biomassa (treatment B) and 20% of fish biomassa (treatment C) fed to the fish for 45 days of rearing. The fish fed with apple snail in three times a day (08.00, 12.00 and 16.00). The results showed that the fish fed with different dosage of apple snail were not significantly different in weight gain, spesific growth rate (SGR), feed conversion ratio (FCR) feed eficiency (FE) and survival rate (SR) of snake head fish. The weight gain of fish was ranged between 19.55 ± 1.78-25.60 ± 2.10 g, SGR of fish was ranged between 1.05 - 2.23%, FCR of fish was ranged 4.3 - 6.19 , FE of fish was ranged between 16.58 - 23.30%. The highest of feed consumption was found fish fed with 15% and 20% of apple snail.  While, the highest of albumin content was found in the fish fed with 15% of apple snail dosage.Keywords : growth, albumin, snake head fish, Channa striata, apple snail
Pengaruh Suplementasi Kitin Dari Kulit Udang terhadap Profil Darah Ikan Mas (Cyprinus carpio)
Authors: Nur Indriyani , Asnani Asnani , Ma’ruf Khaidhar
Published: July 2019

Salah satu upaya yang dapat digunakan untuk mengendalikan penyakit yang menyerang ikan yaitu dengan  menumbuhkan kekebalan tubuh. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah pemanfaatan limbah kulit udang menjadi ekstrak kitinyang diberikan melalui pengayaan pakan dengan dosis berbeda untuk memperbaiki profil darah pada ikan.Ikan mas (dengan berat awal  ± 70 g/ekor) diaklimatisasi dalam pemeliharaan di laboratorium selama 1 minggu. Setelah itu ikan dibagi secara acak ke dalam empat kelompok perlakuan dengan tiga ulangan. Setiap kelompok diberikan perlakuan pakan yang telah diformulasi dengan penambahan kitin yang telah diekstrak dari kulit udang. Dosis kitin yang diberikan adalah 0 (kontrol), 0.04; 0.08, dan 012%. Parameter yang diamati dalam penelitian ini adalah kuantifikasi kitin dari hasil ekstraksi kulit udang dan jumlah eritrosit (kadar hematokrit darah)setelah 30 hari pemberian pakan. Ekstraksi kulit udang diperoleh kitin sebesar 39,4%. Kitin yang dicampurkan dalam pakan dapat dikonsumsi dengan baik oleh ikan mas.Kadar hematokrit menunjukkan peningkatan pada hewan uji yang diberi pakan berkitin dibandingkan kontrol, terdapat perbedaan antar perlakuan (p<0.05). Kelompok ikan kontrol (tanpa pemberian kitin) memiliki kadar hematokrit terendah yaitu 21% sedangkan perlakuan terbaik adalah kelompok ikan dengan penambahan kitin 0.04% dengan kadar hematokrit mencapai 32%. Penelitian ini mengindikasikan potensi kitin dalam meningkatkan eritrosit dalam darah sekaligus menunjukkan kemampuannya dalam meningkatkan kesehatan ikan. Kata kunci:  Hematokrit, ikan mas (Cyprinus carpio), kitin, limbah udang
Kajian Tingkat Efektivitas Pengelolaan Daerah Perlindungan Laut Berbasis Masyarakat Desa Waha Kabupaten Wakatobi Indonesia
Authors: Iskandar Ishak , Nur Andi Irwan , Sadarun Baru
Published: July 2019

Marine Protected Areas (MPAs) are a common management approach that applied to protect and conserve coastal and marine resources in the world. However, in some areas where these approach have been implemented, the goals and targets did not proceed as expected and resulted in methods and objects of study that are relatively irrelevant to the existing conditions. Therefore, a review and more efforts are required to determine the efficacy of the MPAs management. The community based management of marine protected area at Waha Village can be regarded as a manifestation of the local people to meet their needs by utilizing natural resources sustainably. Therefore, this study aims to asses the ecological and socio-economic condition as well as community institutions to determine whether the community based management of the MPA is effective. Ecological data collection was divided into several indicators such as coral reef, seagrass and coral fish community condition that was collected through direct survey using SCUBA. Whereas socio-economic and institutional data was obtained in three stages include observation, semi-structured interviews and surveys. The percentage of live coral cover on MPA of Waha Village was 55,83%. There were 28 species from 9 families and 14 genuses of target fish found in MPA of Waha Village. Seagrass density was 299.87 stands / m2 with average value of seagrass presentation was 63,25%, indicating that seagrass is in good condition. Based on the effectiveness analysis using the Amoeba technique, the indicator values were generally better in performance than the critical threshold value (CTV) indicator. This is because these values have not passed the CTV. The degree of effectiveness of community based management of MPA at Waha Village was 79,17%, suggesting that these management approach is very effective to conserve marine natural resources in the area.Keywords : Effectiveness, management, protected area.
Potensi Ekstrak Steroid dari Teripang Pasir (Holothuria scabra) dari Perairan Atowatu Kendari untuk Pengendalian Bakteri Vibrio harveyi
Authors: Nur Indriyani , Asnani Asnani , Yusnaini Yusnaini
Published: July 2019

Teripang pasir  merupakan salah satu invertebrata laut yang cukup melimpah terutama di perairan pantai Atowatu Kabupaten Kendari. Hewan akuatik ini diduga memiliki potensi besar dalam menghasilkan bioaktif steroid yang dapat dimanfaatkan sebagai antibakteri, khususnya untuk pengendalian penyakit kunang-kunang pada udang yang disebabkan oleh bakteri Vibrio harveyi. Kuantifikasi bahan aktif dari hasil ekstraksi dan  pengujian penghambatan bahan tersebut terhadap bakteri V. harveyi adalah parameter dari penelitian ini. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa teripang pasir H. scabra yang diekstrak mengandung bahan aktif steroid (0.065%) dan mampu menghambat pertumbuhan bakteri V. harveyi hingga dosis minimum yang diujikan yakni 10 ppm secara in vitro. Daya hambat terhadap bakteri V. harveyi pada ekstrak steroid 10 hingga 5000 ppm tidak menunjukkan perbedaan, namun perbedaan yang signifikan terdapat pada dosis 10000 ppm.  Kata kunci:  Steroid, teripang pasir  (Holothuria scabra),Vibrio harveyi, zona hambat
The first record of parasitism by Forcipomyia (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae) in Cuban odonates
Authors: Trapero-Quintana Adrian , Torres-Cambas Yusdiel , Rivas-Torres Anais , Ferreira Sónia , Cordero-Rivera Adolfo
Published: July 2019

Several species of biting midges of the genus Forcipomyia are frequently found attached to the wings of adult odonates, acting as parasites by sucking haemolymph from the wing veins. Here we report the first finding of F. incubans on odonates in the peninsula of Zapata, Cuba. We found the midge on the wings of Erythrodiplax simplicicollis, E. umbrata, Crocothemis servilia, and in the wings and body of Perithemis domitia, all species belonging to the family Libellulidae. This is the first record of this interaction for the Antilles.
Diversidad de invertebrados bentónicos del sistema lagunar de Mandinga, Veracruz, México
Authors: Rodríguez-Varela Asela del Carmen , Barreto-Segura Omar Alfredo , Vázquez-López Horacio
Published: July 2019

Se presenta el primer listado de grupos de invertebrados bentónicos del sistema lagunar de Mandinga (SLM). Se realizaron siete colectas en temporadas de secas de 2008 a 2015 y una en temporada lluviosa de 2015. Los organismos endobénticos se colectaron con una draga y los organismos epibénticos, con una red tipo Renfro y chinchorro. Todos los organismos se identificaron hasta el nivel permisible. El listado está conformado por un total de 43 grupos zoológicos, distribuidos en ocho filos, siete clases, nueve órdenes, 16 familias y tres tipos de larvas. Los grupos Decapoda (10), Gastropoda (8), Amphipoda (4), Bivalvia (3), Tanaidacea (3) e Isopoda (3), fueron los más diversos, seguidos en menor medida por los grupos que se determinaron a niveles superiores a Familia (12). La diversidad de grupos es similar a la de otros sistemas costeros veracruzanos, donde los órdenes Decapoda, Amphipoda y Tanaidacea fueron los más diversos, seguidos por Isopoda. Los resultados de la presente investigación, representan un aporte importante para el conocimiento de la diversidad del sistema estudiado y de la distribución de los grupos en Veracruz y golfo de México.
Reporte de la Bijirita de Connecticut (Oporornis agilis; Aves: Parulidae) en el oriente de Cuba
Authors: León Carmen Plasencia , Padilla Sánchez Malbelys , Segovia Vega Yasit , Viña Dávila Nicasio , Rodríguez Santana Freddy
Published: July 2019

La Bijirita de Connecticut (Oporornis agilis) es una especie de ave migratoria neotropical. La literatura y los mapas de distribución publicados por eBird sugieren que la especie utiliza la región del Caribe durante la migración otoñal y primaveral. La isla de Cuba solo posee un reporte de la especie en la cayería norte de Ciego de Ávila y Camagüey. Fue capturado un individuo macho en redes de niebla pertenecientes a la Estación de Anillamiento Permanente Juan Christoph Gundlach, ubicada en la Reserva Ecológica Siboney Juticí, del municipio de Santiago de Cuba, provincia Santiago de Cuba. Este constituye el primer reporte de la especie en la zona oriental de Cuba. La falta de avistamientos de Bijirita de Connecticut en Cuba puede estar condicionada por dos factores principalmente: la baja densidad de individuos en la isla durante la migración o la posible confusión de los ornitólogos cubanos con especies similares.
Observation and Source Apportionment of Trace Gases, Water-Soluble Ions and Carbonaceous Aerosol During a Haze Episode in Wuhan
Authors: Gao Zhengxu , Wang Xiaoling , Shen Lijuan , Xiang Hua , Wang Honglei
Published: July 2019

As the new core region of the haze pollution, the terrain effect of sub-basin and water networks over the Twin-Hu Basin (THB) in the Yangtze River Middle-Reach (YRMR) had great impacts on the variations and distributions of air pollutants. In this study, trace gases (NH3, HNO3, and HCl), water-soluble ions (WSIs), organic carbon (OC), and elemental carbon (EC) were measured in PM2.5 from 9 January to 27 January 2018, in Wuhan using monitoring for aerosols and gases (MARGA) and a semi-continuous OC/EC analyzer (Model RT-4). The characteristics of air pollutants during a haze episode were discussed, and the PM2.5 sources were quantitatively analyzed on haze and non-haze days using the principal component analysis/absolute principal component scores (PCA/APCS) model. The average PM2.5 concentration was 122.61 μg·m−3 on haze days, which was 2.20 times greater than it was on non-haze days. The concentrations of secondary water soluble ions (WSIs) including NO3−, SO42−, and NH4+ increased sharply on haze days, which accounted for 91.61% of the total WSIs and were 2.43 times larger than the values on non-haze days. The heterogeneous oxidation reactions of NO2 and SO2 during haze episodes were proven to be the major sources of sulfate and nitrate in PM2.5. On haze days, the concentrations of EC, primary organic carbon (POC), and secondary organic carbon (SOC) were 1.68, 1.69, and 1.34 times larger than those on non-haze days, the CO, HNO3, and NH3 concentrations enhanced and relatively low SO2, O3, and HNO2 levels were observed on haze days. The diurnal variations of different pollutants distinctly varied on haze days. The PM2.5 in Wuhan primarily originated from the secondary formation, combustion, dust, industry, and vehicle exhaust sources. The source contributions of the secondary formation + combustion sources to PM2.5 on haze days were 2.79 times larger than the level on non-haze days. The contribution of the vehicle exhaust + combustion source on haze days were 0.59 times the value on non-haze days. This description is supported by a summary of how pollutant concentrations and patterns vary in the THB compared to the variations in other pollution regions in China, which have been more completely described.
Transarterial Chemoembolization of Hepatocellular Carcinoma with Idarubicin-Loaded Tandem Drug-Eluting Embolics
Authors: Guiu Boris , Colombat Sebastien , Piron Lauranne , Hermida Margaux , Allimant Carole , Pierredon-Foulongne Marie-Ange , Belgour Ali , Escal Laure , Cassinotto Christophe , Boulin Mathieu
Published: July 2019

Objective: To describe the responses, toxicities and outcomes of HCC patients treated by transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) using idarubicin-loaded TANDEM beads. Materials and Methods: Seventy-two consecutive patients (mean age: 71 years (58–84 years)) with HCC were treated by TACE using idarubicin-loaded TANDEM in a first line, over a five-year period. Most patients (89%) had liver cirrhosis classified as Child–Pugh A (90%). BCLC B classification applied in 85% of cases. Baseline tumor burden was limited to one to three nodules in 92% of cases, unilobar in 88% cases, with a median tumor diameter of 55 mm (range: 13–150 mm). Toxicity was assessed using NCI CTC AE v4.0. Response was assessed using mRECIST criteria. Time-to-treatment failure (TTTF) and overall survival (OS) were also calculated based on Kaplan–Meier method. Result: Of 141 TACE sessions performed with bead sizes of 100 and 75 µm in 42 (29.8%) and 99 (70.2%) sessions, respectively. In 78% of all TACE sessions, the full dose of idarubicin-loaded beads was injected. Grade 3–4 AE were observed after 73 (52%) sessions, most of them being biological. Multi-organ failure was observed three days after the first TACE in a Child B patients, unfortunately leading to death. Overall, the best objective response rate (ORR) was 65%. Median follow-up lasted 14.3 months (95% CI: 11.2–18.8 months). Median TTTF and OS were 14.4 months (95% CI: 7.2–24.6 months) and 34.6 months (95% CI: 24.7—not reached) respectively. Conclusion: In this retrospective study involving well-selected HCC patients, high ORR and long TTTF and OS are observed after TACE using idarubicin-loaded TANDEM. A randomized trial is needed.
The Interplay between Colon Cancer Cells and Tumour-Associated Stromal Cells Impacts the Biological Clock and Enhances Malignant Phenotypes
Authors: Fuhr Luise , Abreu Mónica , Carbone Annalucia , El-Athman Rukeia , Bianchi Fabrizio , Laukkanen Mikko O. , Mazzoccoli Gianluigi , Relógio Angela
Published: July 2019

Cancer cells interrelate with the bordering host microenvironment that encompasses the extracellular matrix and a nontumour cellular component comprising fibroblasts and immune-competent cells. The tumour microenvironment modulates cancer onset and progression, but the molecular factors managing this interaction are not fully understood. Malignant transformation of a benign tumour is among the first crucial events in colorectal carcinogenesis. The role of tumour stroma fibroblasts is well-described in cancer, but less well-characterized in benign tumours. In the current work we utilized fibroblasts isolated from tubulovillous adenoma, which has high risk for malignant transformation, to study the interaction between benign tumour stroma and the circadian clock machinery. We explored the role of the biological clock in this interplay taking advantage of an experimental model, represented by the co-culture of colon cancer cells with normal fibroblasts or tumour-associated fibroblasts, isolated from human colorectal tumour specimens. When co-cultured with tumour-associated fibroblasts, colon cancer cells showed alterations in their circadian and metabolic parameters, with decreased apoptosis, increased colon cancer cell viability, and increased resistance to chemotherapeutic agents. In conclusion, the interactions among colon cancer cells and tumour-associated fibroblasts affect the molecular clockwork and seem to aggravate malignant cell phenotypes, suggesting a detrimental effect of this interplay on cancer dynamics.
Human Platelet Lysate as a Functional Substitute for Fetal Bovine Serum in the Culture of Human Adipose Derived Stromal/Stem Cells
Authors: Cowper Mathew , Frazier Trivia , Wu Xiying , Curley J. , Ma Michelle , Mohiuddin Omair , Dietrich Marilyn , McCarthy Michelle , Bukowska Joanna , Gimble Jeffrey
Published: July 2019

Introduction: Adipose derived stromal/stem cells (ASCs) hold potential as cell therapeutics for a wide range of disease states; however, many expansion protocols rely on the use of fetal bovine serum (FBS) as a cell culture nutrient supplement. The current study explores the substitution of lysates from expired human platelets (HPLs) as an FBS substitute. Methods: Expired human platelets from an authorized blood center were lysed by freeze/thawing and used to examine human ASCs with respect to proliferation using hematocytometer cell counts, colony forming unit-fibroblast (CFU-F) frequency, surface immunophenotype by flow cytometry, and tri-lineage (adipocyte, chondrocyte, osteoblast) differentiation potential by histochemical staining. Results: The proliferation assays demonstrated that HPLs supported ASC proliferation in a concentration dependent manner, reaching levels that exceeded that observed in the presence of 10% FBS. The concentration of 0.75% HPLs was equivalent to 10% FBS when utilized in cell culture media with respect to proliferation, immunophenotype, and CFU-F frequency. When added to osteogenic, adipogenic, and chondrogenic differentiation media, both supplements showed appropriate differentiation by staining. Conclusion: HPLs is an effective substitute for FBS in the culture, expansion and differentiation of human ASCs suitable for pre-clinical studies; however, additional assays and analyses will be necessary to validate HPLs for clinical applications and regulatory approval.
Characterisation of NiTi Orthodontic Archwires Surface after the Simulation of Mechanical Loading in CACO2-2 Cell Culture
Authors: Lepojević Nikola , Šćepan Ivana , Glišić Branislav , Jenko Monika , Godec Matjaž , Hočevar Samo , Rudolf Rebeka
Published: July 2019

Nickel-titanium (NiTi) orthodontic archwires are crucial in the initial stages of orthodontic therapy when the movement of teeth and deflection of the archwire are the largest. Their great mechanical properties come with their main disadvantage—the leakage of nickel. Various in vitro studies measured nickel leakage from archwires that were only immersed in the medium with little or minimal simulation of all stress and deflection forces that affect them. This study aims to overcome that by simulating deflection forces that those archwires are exposed to inside the mouth of a patient. NiTi orthodontic archwires were immersed in CACO2-2 cell culture medium and then immediately loaded while using a simulator of multiaxial stress for 24 h. After the experiment, the surface of the NiTi orthodontic archwires were analysed while using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and auger electron spectroscopy (AES). The observations showed significant microstructural and compositional changes within the first 51 nm thickness of the archwire surface. Furthermore, the released nickel and titanium concentrations in the CACO2-2 cell culture medium were measured while using Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectroscopy (ICP-MS). It was found out that the level of released nickel ions was 1.310 µg/L, which can be assigned as statistically significant results. These data represent the first mention of the already detectable release of Ni ions after 24 h during the simulation of mechanical loading in the CACO2-2 cell culture medium, which is important for clinical orthodontic praxis.
Seasonal Diversity of Endophytic Bacteria Associated with Cinnamomum camphora (L.) Presl.
Authors: Elmagzob Abubakr Abdelwhab Hamd , Ibrahim Muhammed Mustapha , Zhang Guo-Fang
Published: July 2019

Investigations on the density, diversity, and distribution of endophytic bacterial community associated with leaves of Cinnamomum camphora (L.) Presl. were carried out during three seasons using 16s rDNA high-throughput sequencing technology. Samples were collected from five species in Nanping (A, B, C, D, and E) and one from Fuqin (F) in the Fujian province, China in the months of April, July, and October (represented by 1, 2 and 3), indicating spring, summer, and early winter, respectively. Results from 16s rDNA sequences revealed 10,844,124 effective sequences. The highest OTUs (Operational taxonomic units) was highest in the A1 sample (1086), while the lowest was in C2 (509). Our observations showed that samples taken in October had the highest diversity of endophytes as indicated by the Shannon index (B3 = 5.3337), Chao1 (E3 = 1233.10), abundance-based coverage estimator (ACE) (A3 = 1764.72), and the Simpson indices of diversity (C3 = 0.1655) irrespective of the species. The order of the endophytes richness in the samples was April > July > October. The Ribosomal Database Project (RDP) classifier showed that the obtained sequences belonged to nine major phyla: Proteobacteria, Firmicutes, Bacteroidetes, Actinobacteria, Gemmatimonadetes, Acidobacteria, Planctomycetes, Chloroflexi, and Fusobacteria. Proteobacteria accounted for the highest proportion in each sample, ranging from 35.15% to 89.72%. These sequences belonged mainly to 10 orders: Rhizobiales, Clostridiales, Peseudomonadales, Burkholderiales, Bacteroidales, Enterobacteriales, Rhodocyclales, Sphingomonadales, Lactobacillales, and Bacillales. Also, other taxa with possible taxonomic statuses, which were unclassified, were present.
Building a SAR-Enabled Data Cube Capability in Australia Using SAR Analysis Ready Data
Authors: Ticehurst Catherine , Zhou Zheng-Shu , Lehmann Eric , Yuan Fang , Thankappan Medhavy , Rosenqvist Ake , Lewis Ben , Paget Matt
Published: July 2019

A research alliance between the Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organization and Geoscience Australia was established in relation to Digital Earth Australia, to develop a Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR)-enabled Data Cube capability for Australia. This project has been developing SAR analysis ready data (ARD) products, including normalized radar backscatter (gamma nought, γ0), eigenvector-based dual-polarization decomposition and interferometric coherence, all generated from the European Space Agency (ESA) Sentinel-1 interferometric wide swath mode data available on the Copernicus Australasia Regional Data Hub. These are produced using the open source ESA SNAP toolbox. The processing workflows are described, along with a comparison of the γ0 backscatter and interferometric coherence ARD produced using SNAP and the proprietary software GAMMA. This comparison also evaluates the effects on γ0 backscatter due to variations related to: Near- and far-range look angles; SNAP’s default Shuttle Radar Topography Mission (SRTM) DEM and a refined Australia-wide DEM; as well as terrain. The agreement between SNAP and GAMMA is generally good, but also presents some systematic geometric and radiometric differences. The difference between SNAP’s default SRTM DEM and the refined DEM showed a small geometric shift along the radar view direction. The systematic geometric and radiometric issues detected can however be expected to have negligible effects on analysis, provided products from the two processors and two DEMs are used separately and not mixed within the same analysis. The results lead to the conclusion that the SNAP toolbox is suitable for producing the Sentinel-1 ARD products.
Feedforward Neural Network-Based Architecture for Predicting Emotions from Speech
Authors: Gavrilescu Mihai , Vizireanu Nicolae
Published: July 2019

We propose a novel feedforward neural network (FFNN)-based speech emotion recognition system built on three layers: A base layer where a set of speech features are evaluated and classified; a middle layer where a speech matrix is built based on the classification scores computed in the base layer; a top layer where an FFNN- and a rule-based classifier are used to analyze the speech matrix and output the predicted emotion. The system offers 80.75% accuracy for predicting the six basic emotions and surpasses other state-of-the-art methods when tested on emotion-stimulated utterances. The method is robust and the fastest in the literature, computing a stable prediction in less than 78 s and proving attractive for replacing questionnaire-based methods and for real-time use. A set of correlations between several speech features (intensity contour, speech rate, pause rate, and short-time energy) and the evaluated emotions is determined, which enhances previous similar studies that have not analyzed these speech features. Using these correlations to improve the system leads to a 6% increase in accuracy. The proposed system can be used to improve human–computer interfaces, in computer-mediated education systems, for accident prevention, and for predicting mental disorders and physical diseases.
Drone Geologic Mapping of an Active Sand and Gravel Quarry, Desoto County, Mississippi
Authors: Behrman Caroline , Van Arsdale Roy , Kwon Youngsang , Stockslager Kerry , Leverett Dave , Lumsden David
Published: July 2019

Aerial drone photography of an active pit within a sand and gravel quarry in DeSoto County, Mississippi, was conducted to better understand the Upland Complex, which is a high-level Pliocene terrace of the Mississippi River. The Upland Complex is of great interest economically, as it is the primary source of sand and gravel for Memphis, Tennessee and the surrounding region. The pit dimensions were approximately 820 ft (250 m) by 655 ft (200 m) and 79-ft (24 m) deep upon completion of the mining. Eight 3-D models of the pit were made at different times to illustrate the mining progression. Oblique and horizontal stereo aerial photography of the highwalls was conducted to produce 3-D models and high-resolution photomosaics of the highwalls for geologic mapping and interpretation. The mapped highwall geology included Pliocene Mississippi River bars consisting of sand, sand and gravel, and gravel ranging in thickness from 2 ft (0.6 m) to 32.8 ft (10 m), with variable cross-bed dip directions suggesting a meandering river environment of deposition. Pleistocene loess overlies the Pliocene sediment. The highwalls also revealed northerly-striking late Pliocene or Pleistocene tectonic folding, faulting, and probable earthquake liquefaction in northwestern Mississippi, where no Pliocene or Quaternary tectonic deformation had previously been reported. This study demonstrated Drone aerial photography as a quick, low cost, and safe means to study poorly accessible open-pit mining and to help understand the geology of the lower Mississippi River Valley.