bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Research on airspace sector optimization based on Voronoi diagram and improved K-means algorithm
Authors: LIN Fugen , WEN Xiangxi , WU Minggong , HENG Yuming
Published: June 2023

Sector partition is an important task of air traffic control, and a reasonable sector partition can improve the utilization rate of airspace and protect the flight safety of aircrafts. Since the sector partition during flat hours is not well suited to the complex air situation, this paper proposes a sector optimization method based on Voronoi diagram and improved K-means. Firstly, a conflict network is constructed based on the air situation, and a comprehensive sector control workload measurement method is proposed by combining aircraft velocity obstacle relationship and complex network theory. Based on the workload value, a cluster center is determined as the generating element of Voronoi diagram by using the improved K-means method, and then the sector is optimized by using the division method of Voronoi diagram. In this paper, the data of Xiamen airspace control sectors are collected as a simulation scenario for calculation and analysis. The simulation results show that the average variance of the optimized sector control workload is reduced by 66.04% during the peak hours and 13.88% during the flat hours compared with the original sector. The method achieves the purpose of balancing the sector workload, verifies the effectiveness of the sector optimization method, and provides a reference basis for the existing sector partition work.
A calculation method of soft soil pressure bearing mathematical model under repeated load
Authors: DU Jiangshan , HUANG Tieqiu , WANG Kaihao
Published: June 2023

The soft soil pressure bearing mathematical model under repeated normal load is established and its program is implemented. The relationship of soft soil between pressure and settlement under repeated load is solved. Taking the settlement volume, contact area and loading times as independent variables and soil deformation force as dependent variables, the calculus equation of soil deformation force at the arbitrary position is deduced. The soil is discretized section by section in the settlement direction, and the bearing coefficient of the corresponding section is applied. During the unloading-loading period, the calculation formulas of the corresponding stable point and the stiffness of the soil rebounding line are given, and the load settlement program of soft soil is compiled. The soil stiffness value is substituted into the calculus equation, and the Adams software is redeveloped with C/C++language to obtain the load settlement curve. On the soft soil terrain, three kinds of flat plates with diameters of 6, 8, and 10 cm are used to carry out the pressure penetration test to obtain the corresponding pressure-settlement curve. The error between the simulation and experimental results of the mathematical model is no more than 10%.
Hydrodynamic performance analysis of tower wake vortex tidal current energy capture system with swing oscillating hydrofoil
Authors: ZHU Weijun , ZHUANG Shuqing , CHEN Dongyang , CAO Jiufa , FU Shifeng , SUN Zhenye
Published: June 2023

In order to effectively utilize the tidal current energy in offshore wind farms, a swing oscillating hydrofoil system for tidal current energy capture is proposed. The system is constructed with oscillating hydrofoils as tidal current energy capture device combined with offshore wind turbine underwater tower. Lattice Boltzmann method and large eddy simulation method were combined, and the hydrodynamic characteristics and energy collection efficiency of a NACA0015 airfoil with different motion parameters were numerically analyzed with or without the influence of tower wake. The influence of pitch amplitude, heave amplitude and chord length of the hydrofoil on the energy collection efficiency of the system is analyzed from the aspect of vortex structure in the moving process. The results show that the energy collection efficiency of the oscillating wing is significantly improved by the trailing vortex of the tower, and the vortex shedding behind the tower can reduced by the addition of the oscillating wing, consequently, the fatigue load caused by the flow around the cylindrical body can be reduced. The energy capture efficiency of the oscillating wing can reach a highest efficiently of 30.72% in the wake vortex region of the tower, which has obvious advantages compared with the traditional oscillating wing tidal current energy capture device, and provides an effective way to improve the overall energy utilization rate of offshore wind farms.
Study on fault diagnosis algorithms of EHA based on CNN-SVM
Authors: LI Xudong , LI Yanjun , CAO Yuyuan , WANG Xingye , DUAN Shixuan , ZHAO Zejian
Published: June 2023

Contrapose the highly integrated, complex working conditions and many kinds of faults of aircraft electro hydrostatic actuator(EHA), to diagnose the typical fault of EHA effectively, a fault diagnosis algorithm based on convolutional neural networks (CNN) and support vector machine(SVM) was proposed. Firstly, the fault date sets are entered on CNN for adaptive feature extraction, then the output of the fully connected layer of CNN are classified by using SVM. To improve the performance of SVM, dynamic inertia weight adaptive particle swarm optimization (IWAPSO) was used to optimize the SVM parameters. Finally, the sensitivity of SVM to noise was reduced by introducing ramp loss function. The results show that the accuracy of SVM after parameter optimization is 12.6% higher than that of standard SVM and 17.3% higher than CNN. The SVM based on the ramp loss function showed better robustness when using noisy test sets.
The Nobels and light
Authors: Dudley John
Published: June 2023

Milestones such as the 40th anniversary of the French Optical Society are an ideal time to reflect on historical achievements, and there is no shortage of major highlights to celebrate in photonics. What is not always appreciated, however, is just how many different areas of light-related science have been recognized by perhaps the most prestigious scientific celebration of all - the award of the Nobel Prize !
Pushing the boundaries of nanocrystal optoelectronics with structured photonic environments
Authors: Degiron Aloyse
Published: June 2023

This article discusses the prospect of advanced functionalities in the field of nanocrystal optoelectronics using structured photonic environments, with a particular emphasis on near-infrared light-emitting diodes. The ability to achieve full control of brightness, colour, phase and polarization is highlighted, as well as the importance of determining whether a local or non-local photonic response is required to achieve a given functionality. These developments have implications for various applications, including displays, communication protocols and sensors.
Und täglich grüßt das
Murmeltier?
Authors: Timmann Doris , Zohmann Andreas
Published: June 2023

Liebe Leserin, lieber Leser,

es ist wieder soweit – der Sommer steht vor der Tür und mit ihm eine
neue erste Ausgabe unserer Fachzeitschrift. Ein Déjà-vue? Allerdings
ja. Wir sind wieder etwas zu spät. Nach erneuten Startschwierigkeiten am
Jahresanfang, wo es sich erst so anfühlte, als seien wir wie in einer
Zeitschleife, haben wir nun wieder volle Fahrt aufgenommen.
Mikrobiom und Knochendichteverlust im Weltraum
Authors: Ullrich Oliver
Published: June 2023

Eine der größten medizinischen Herausforderungen an Langzeitaufenthalte im Weltall und Exploration Class Missions liegt in dem Knochenabbau, der vor allem der mechanischen Entlastung zugeschrieben wird. Die von einem 27 Personen großen Team verschiedener U.S. Universitäten und unter Leitung von Joseph K. Bedree und Wenyuan Shi vom Forsyth Institute, Cambridge, am 10. April 2023 in „Cell Reports“ veröffentlichte Studie stellte nun erstmals eine Verbindung zwischen dem Knochenabbau im Weltraum und dem Mikrobiom her.
Nach der Pandemie ist vor der Pandemie: Und wie interdisziplinäre Forschung hier helfen kann
Authors: Ly Yen-Tran , Arndt Franca , Boschert Alessa L. , Pavletić Bruno , Webner Florian , Kohl Andreas , Grübbel Henrik , Soltau Julian , Talai Iman , Diallo Mohamed Diaoulé , Westhoff Andreas , Schreiber Andreas , Hecking Tobias , Duschek Frank , Grünewald Karin , Meller Frank , Biedermann Jörn , Rinderknecht Frank , Kraft Werner , Schmeling Daniel , Jordan Jens , Moeller Ralf
Published: June 2023

Die Luftfahrt gehört zu den am stärksten durch die COVID-19-Pandemie beeinträchtigten gesellschaftlichen Bereiche und hat gleichzeitig zu einer raschen globalen Ausbreitung des SARS-CoV-2-Virus beigetragen. SARS-CoV-2 gehört zu den Coronaviren, die schon in der Vergangenheit zu Ausbrüchen wie MERS-CoV geführt haben. Diese Erregergruppe sowie weitere zum aktuellen Zeitpunkt möglicherweise noch unbekannte Erreger werden auch in Zukunft unsere Gesellschaft herausfordern. Um hier besser reagieren zu können, wurde am DLR unter Kooperation von 6 Instituten ein Graduiertenkolleg ins Leben gerufen, das interdisziplinäre Lösungsansätze zur Erforschung und Bekämpfung von aktuellen und zukünftigen Pandemien entwickeln wird. Dabei arbeiten Ingenieure, Physiker, Softwareentwickler, Biologen und Mediziner in enger Zusammenarbeit an neuen Konzepten und dem Aufbau fachgebietsübergreifenden Wissens, um zukünftige Pandemien besser kontrollieren und eindämmen zu können sowie gezielter reagieren zu können. Ein Schwerpunkt ist hierbei die Reduzierung der Keimbelastung in Flugzeugen aber auch anderen öffentlichen Verkehrsmitteln wie Bussen und Bahnen. In dieser Übersichtsarbeit geben wir einen Überblick über die Ausgangslage und mögliche Ansätze, um künftigen pandemischen Herausforderungen begegnen zu können.
Factors Affecting Ablation Success After I-131 Radioactive Iodine
Therapy in Low and Intermediate Risk Papillary Thyroid Cancer
Authors: Goksel Sibel , Avci Ugur
Published: June 2023

The study was to evaluate the effect of radioactive iodine (RAI) treatment
application time and clinical, histopathological factors on ablation success in
patients with operated papillary thyroid cancer (PTC) in low and
intermediate-risk. One hundred sixty-one patients with PTC in the low and
intermediate-risk were evaluated. Most patients (89.4%) were in the
low-risk, and 10.6% were in the intermediate-risk. When the patients
were divided into two groups according to the date of receiving RAI treatment
after surgery, those who received early treatment (≤3 months)
constituted the majority of the patients (72.7%). Seventeen patients
received 1.85 Gigabecquerel (GBq), 119 3.7 GBq, 25 5.55 GBq RAI. Most patients
(82%) achieved ablation success after the first RAI treatment. The time
interval between surgery and RAI treatment did not affect ablation success.
Stimulated Tg level measured on the RAI treatment day was an independent
predictive factor for successful ablation (p<0.001). The cut-off value
of Tg found to predict ablation failure was 5.86 ng/ml. It was
concluded that 5.55 GBq RAI treatment could predict ablation success compared to
1.85 GBq dose (p=0.017). It was concluded that having a T1 tumor may
predict treatment success compared to a T2 or T3 tumor (p=0.001,
p<0.001, retrospectively). The time interval does not affect ablation
success in low and intermediate-risk PTC. The ablation success rate may decrease
in patients who receive low-dose RAI and have high Tg levels before treatment.
The most crucial factor in achieving ablation success is giving enough doses of
RAI to ablate the residual tissue.
Analysis of Factors Affecting Outcome of Acute Extradural Hematoma—Our Observation in Dhaka Medical College and Hospital
Authors: Das Sukriti , Amin Md Rezaul , Sarker Asit Chandra , Ghosh Dipankar
Published: June 2023

Background Extradural hematoma (EDH) is a leading cause of death in young population. Timely intervention gives dramatic recovery but often fatal if not treated in time. The surgical outcome of EDH depends on many variables that strongly affect the prognosis of the disease, which are preoperative Glasgow coma scale (GCS), overlying skull fracture, time interval between injury and surgery, other associated intracranial injuries (like cerebral contusion, subdural hematoma, or intracerebral hematoma), pupillary abnormalities (anisocoria), and hematoma volume. But no correlation was found between surgical outcome of EDH and age, sex, etiology, and site of hematoma.

Objective We want to identify the factors affecting the surgical outcome of EDH that will help us in preoperative prioritization of the cases for intervention, adequate resuscitation, and counselling the attendant regarding the outcome. Our ultimate goal was to reduce the mortality and morbidity from this disease.

Methods This study was conducted on the patients admitted through neuroemergency and diagnosed as EDH by computed tomography scan of head, in the department of Neurosurgery of Dhaka medical college and hospital from January 1, 2017 to December 31, 2019. This is three-year prospective interventional study where all the patients underwent surgical evacuation of EDH on emergency basis and outcome was measured by Glasgow outcome scale (GOS) after 48 hours of admission and at discharge.

Results Outcome was divided into good (GOS 4,5) and poor (GOS 1–3) groups. Pre-operative GCS, overlying skull fracture, time interval between injury and surgery, associated intracranial injuries, anisocoria and hematoma volume were the factors affecting the surgical outcome significantly.

Conclusion Good surgical outcome is associated with EDH volume less than 40cc, preoperative GCS more than 8, absence of anisocoria, overlying skull fracture, no associated intracranial injury and surgery within 12 hours of injury. But age, sex and site of EDH has no definite correlation with outcome.
In whose pockets? How small Danish patient organisations balance legitimacy, representation and dependency in collaboration with public sector medical researchers and the life science industry
Authors: Jacobsen Charlotte Bredahl , Kristensen Dorthe Brogård , Bruun Birgitte
Published: June 2023

It is a commonly accepted idea that complex structural challenges can be solved if private actors, NGOs, and the public authorities collaborate (Brogaard in Politica 47(4):541–560, 2015), a view that has come to frame several publicly funded network activities in Denmark. This article takes its point of departure in one such project aimed at setting up a collaborative network between researchers, patient associations, and life science partners to stimulate growth in research and development. We analyse this project as a social arena with a focus on what is at stake for patient organisations in such a collaboration. Using social worlds and arena theory, we map the negotiation of discourses, images, and positions, thereby answering the questions: What kind of relationships emerge as patient organisations network with researchers and the life science industry in the name of patient centricity and how do patient organisations balance legitimacy, representation, and independence in such collaboration? We argue that patient organisations’ positions are expanding and taking new forms as they perform a balancing act, from which a ‘multiplayer position’ seems to have emerged. Lastly we propose that patient organisations’ complex interdependencies should be acknowledged, and introduce an understanding of ‘cumulative drives’ to capture the nature of these complexities.
Nanostructures arrayed broad spectrum-based rigid and flexible photodetectors with selective detection
Authors: Xie Wenhao , Liu Linsheng
Published: June 2023

High-performance one-dimensional (1D) CdSxSe1−x nanostructures arrayed photodetectors exhibit broad spectrum (450–750 nm) selective detection from the near-ultraviolet to the near-infrared regime, which has a great deal of interest in broad spectral flexible optoelectronic devices. Here, we report the microstamp transfer technology to construct high-performance rigid (SiO2/Si) and flexible (polyethylene terephthalate) photodetectors with broad spectrum selective detection, which was based on arrayed 1D CdSxSe1−x nanostructures obtained via chemical vapor deposition in a dual-temperature zone tube furnace. Photoresponse measurements have demonstrated their superior spectral photoresponsivity (∼105 AW−1), extremely high on/off switching ratio (105), rapid response/recovery time between 10% and 90% of the maximum photocurrent (0.089/0.044, 0.044/0.044, 0.133/0.131, and 0.178/0.180 s), and excellent long-term environmental photostability. Furthermore, the as-prepared flexible arrayed photodetector displayed excellent folding endurance properties (after 2000 times, the photocurrent decreases less than 50%) and stable electrical properties (bending angle from 0° to 150°). The improvement nanoarray technology in this research can be exploited to lead to the design of high-performance flexible photodevices comprising other 1D or 2D alloy nanomaterials.
Generation of super high frequencies by graphene on piezoelectric buffer layer upon applied nanosecond electrical pulse
Authors: Kiprijanovič Oleg , Park Eunpyo , Kwak Joon Young , Ardaravičius Linas
Published: June 2023

An unforeseen phenomenon occurred when measuring the current–voltage (I–U) characteristics of graphene samples in the pulsed regime. The graphene monolayer of the samples was grown by chemical vapor deposition and transferred onto 50 nm buffer HfO2 and AlO3 layers. Bilayer graphene was obtained from epitaxial graphene grown on SiC and was transferred onto 100 nm SiO2. The distance between contacts varied from 5 to 25 µm. The measurements were performed employing cables of 50 Ω impedance to transmit the pulses and a 0–12 GHz bandwidth sampling scope was used to register them. The transmitted registered pulses through graphene/HfO2 and graphene/SiO2 samples were superposed with super high frequency (SHF) oscillations. The wave packet oscillations of about 2 ns in duration appeared on the pulses passed through graphene/HfO2. On the passed-through graphene/SiO2 pulses, the appearing wave packet turns into continuous generation along the pulse length. Spectral decomposition reveals that the base frequency of the oscillations is about 10 GHz; however, bisected frequencies are also present in the spectra. Preliminary analysis of the SHF oscillations occurrence shows that the wave packets appear as an inverse piezoelectric response to a rapidly rising voltage of the pulses. It is proposed that due to acoustic–electronic interaction, the oscillating wave packet in graphene/SiO2 turns into the continued generation, which consumes three-quarters of the pulse energy. These results show that the coupling between graphene and the piezoelectric buffer layer combined with acoustic–electronic interaction brings forth novel effects that are in demand for practical applications.
Tunable electronic and optical properties of GeC/PtO2 vdW hetero-bilayer using first-principles study
Authors: As-Samee Mohammad Tahmid , Hasan Khan Md. Sakib , Kubra Khadijatul , Islam Md. Rafiqul , Hasan Md. Tanvir
Published: June 2023

The detailed optical and electronic characteristics of 2D GeC and 2D PtO2 under biaxial strains and electric fields across the plane are studied systematically using the density functional theory (DFT) based first-principles framework. The six different stacking patterns of the stacked van der Waals (vdW) GeC/PtO2 hetero-bilayers were DFT screened, and HBL 4 and HBL 5 are found both dynamically stable and energetically favorable, evident from the non-zero phonon frequency and negative binding energy from phonon dispersion and binding energy calculations, respectively. The bandgap of 2D GeC and 2D PtO2 is found to be ∼2.08 eV (direct) and ∼1.63 eV (indirect), while the bandgaps in vdW HBL 4 (HBL 5) are found to be 0.51 eV (0.49 eV). Biaxial strain lowered the bandgap by ∼11.13 (∼1.81) times at 6% compressive (tensile) biaxial strain in HBL 4 (HBL 5). Semiconductor-to-metal switching is found in both HBLs at ±0.6 V/Å of the cross-plane electric field. All the HBLs show type-II band-alignment, evident from the difference in charge density and projected density of state contour, indicating spatial carrier separation capability. The peak of the optical absorption coefficient is found to be ∼3.1 × 105 cm−1 at 310 nm for both HBL 4 and HBL 5, which is comparable to high-absorbing perovskite material. Moreover, the optical absorption is sensitive to the biaxial strains and electric fields, and increased visible band optical absorption is found for tensile strains in both HBLs. These exceptional findings and engineered bandgap in GeC/PtO2 vdW HBL indicate the promising application of this material in 2D advanced nanoelectronics.
Research on vibration response characteristics and separation deformation law of fruit-branch system
Authors: Sun Xingdong , Wu Wandi , Cao Chengmao , Xu Liangyuan , Jiang Rui , Fang Liangfei , Sheng Zonglei , Lu Xiangyang
Published: June 2023

Forest fruit harvesting is carried out through two ways: manual harvesting and machine harvesting. Mechanical vibration will become the future development trend because of the high harvesting efficiency and short picking cycle of this method. However, appropriate vibration frequency, vibration amplitude, and action time are required to improve the fruit harvesting rate. At the same time, it is ensured that the vibration type forest fruit harvesting machine is in the harvesting process to minimize the damage to the fruit trees. The vibration frequency and amplitude of the existing vibration harvesting machine are relatively single, and the result of energy transfer loss is extensive fruit tree damage. Therefore, this study proposes a branch-stalk-fruit of apple as a base system. The article investigates the vibration mechanism and separation deformation law of apple tree branches through dynamic tests and simulations. Through experiments, it was found that when the vibration frequency is 3 Hz and the vibration amplitude is 20 mm, the maximum separation force experienced by the apple is 18.71N, greater than the binding force between the stem and the branch, and can achieve fruit shedding. This study provides some theoretical insights into the efficient mechanical vibration harvesting of apples.
Identification of aero-physical parameters of projectile based on maximum likelihood estimation algorithm
Authors: Liang Zhen-dong , Yi Wen-jun
Published: June 2023

The physical identification of aerodynamic parameters plays a decisive role in studying the characteristics of projectiles. During the development process of projectiles, it is an important task to accurately obtain the aerodynamic parameters of projectiles. In this paper, through a large number of experiments, the flight trajectory data of the projectile are measured, and the maximum likelihood estimation algorithm is used to physically identify the drag coefficient and lift coefficient of the projectile. First, the sensitivity coefficients of each parameter of the projectile trajectory are calculated and deduced. Second, based on the consistency and asymptotic characteristics of the maximum likelihood estimation algorithm, the sensitivity relationship between the velocity and the drag coefficient and between the position of the projectile’s center of mass and the lift coefficient is used to identify the aerodynamic physical parameters of the projectile. The results show that the maximum likelihood estimation algorithm has high identification accuracy, fast calculation speed, and low algorithm complexity, which can effectively identify the aerodynamic physical parameters of the projectile and meet practical engineering needs.
Optimal etching process and cladding dimension for improved coating of porous hemispherical ZnO nanostructure on FBG humidity sensor
Authors: Riza Muhammad Arif , Go Yun Ii , Harun Sulaiman Wadi , Ahmad Anas Siti Barirah
Published: June 2023

Fiber Bragg grating (FBG) based sensors require functional chemical coating for relative humidity (RH) sensing. However, the cladding of the fiber may impede the mechanical strain that is induced in the sensing region of the FBG. This study focuses on the humidity sensing performance of FBGs etched with several different diameters. Silica-based uniform FBG was chemically etched before being coated with a ZnO nanostructure reinforced with hexamethylenetetramine (HMT) additives. ZnO-HMT was produced using a low-temperature modified hydrothermal method and then coated on FBG etched with various diameters. Morphology observations with elemental analysis confirmed the formation and presence of ZnO-HMT coatings on the sensors. Results interpreted from an optical spectrum analyzer have shown wavelength shifts of 0.0004 nm/%RH with linearity of ∼98% for samples etched for 10 min. Both sensitivity and linearity deteriorated as the FBG was etched to thinner diameters. Sensor sensitivity improves by at least 20%–30% when compared to the uncoated version of FBG. It can be concluded that with zinc-based coatings, FBG sensing performance can be improved only to a certain extent through etching durations. Thinner cladding may not be suitable for use in combination with zinc-based nanostructures. The optimized FBG etching when used in conjunction with zinc oxide improves upon its non-etched counterparts and increases its potency in industrial applications.
Aspects of Axions and ALPs Phenomenology
Authors: Giannotti Maurizio
Published: June 2023

The physics of axions and axion-like particles (ALPs) is enjoying an incredibly productive period, with many new experimental proposals, theoretical idea, and original astrophysical and cosmological arguments which help the search effort. The large number of experimental proposals is likely to lead to fundamental advances (perhaps, a discovery?) in the coming years. The aim of this article is to provide a very brief overview of some of the recent developments in axions and ALP phenomenology, and to discuss some relevant aspects in this important field. A particular attention is given to the definition of motivated regions in the axion parameters space, which should be the targets of experimental searches.
An R&D program for the research of 2β0ν decay with a SPC
Authors: Lautridou Pascal
Published: June 2023

The objective of the R2D2 R&D is to test the concept of a spherical proportional counter (SPC) for the search of the neutrinoless double beta decay (2β0ν). For this, we built a small prototype (40 cm in diameter), which was filled with an argon-based gas mixture at pressures up to 1.1 bar, and irradiated with a 210Po alpha source. We report on results obtained in terms of directional, volume, and energy responses. We performed time measurements by combining the charge readout from the SPC with the light detection provided by a SiPM. We also studied the possibilities of localizing tracks in the detector and of discriminating multiple tracks.
Latest progress of PandaX-III neutrinoless double beta decay experiment
Authors: Lin Heng
Published: June 2023

Neutrinoless double beta decay experiments are one of the most promising approaches to resolving the puzzle of neutrino mass generation. PandaX-III experiment searches the neutrinoless double beta decay of 136Xe with a high-pressure gaseous time projection chamber. A total amount of 140 kg enriched 136Xe under 10 bar will be loaded in the detector. Micromegas is used for charge collection with a high spatial resolution. Benefitting from the long event track in the gaseous detector, identification algorithms can significantly suppress the background rate. In this proceeding, the design and construction of the detector is presented, whose technologies have been successfully demonstrated by a prototype detector. The event classification algorithms were developed, suppressing the background events at a rate of about 300. Based on the result, we expect an exclusion sensitivity of 2.7×1026 yr (90% C.L.) for decay half life after 5 years’ exposure.
Core-collapse supernovae and neutrino properties
Authors: Cristina Volpe Maria
Published: June 2023

We highlight developments in the domain of supernova neutrinos. We discuss the importance of the future observation, by running and upcoming experiments, of the neutrino signals from the next supernova as well as of the diffuse supernova neutrino background.
IX International Conference Days of Applied Mathematics
Authors: Valbuena O , Gelvez-Almeida E , V-Niño E D
Published: June 2023

These proceedings are the academic and scientific contributions of the IX International Conference / Days of Applied Mathematics (ICDAM), carried out in San José de Cúcuta, Colombia, from September 21-23, 2022. The main objective of the IX ICDAM is to share concrete experiences of mathematical and physics knowledge, as well as make contributions to problem-solving in different contexts of science and engineering; likewise, the IX ICDAM highlights contributions recent that participants are making to the applied mathematics and scientific computing community. The IX ICDAM was organized by the “Facultad de Ciencias Básicas y Biomédicas” of the Universidad Simón Bolívar, San José de Cúcuta, Colombia. The IX ICDAM research works were presented by students, professors, and researchers from Chile, Argentina, Mexico, Dominican Republic, Perú, Venezuela, and Colombia, through hybrid participation (on-site and virtual).

The topics developed in the IX ICDAM were the following: (i) computer science in mathematics and engineering, (ii) medical physics, (iii) mathematical physics, (iv) modeling, simulation, and diagnostics, and (v) education and communication in science and engineering. The ICDAM is part of the training and research processes of the academic program of mathematics and computer science at Universidad Simón Bolivar, framed within the high quality of education and the relevance of a program aligned with the new times in the digital era and the modeling of scientific knowledge in areas as diverse as mathematics, physics, biology, chemistry and the applications in medicine, engineering, management, business, education, and others.

The ICDAM offers researchers in training space for participation and training through interactions and dialogues with consolidated researchers in the different areas of knowledge that participate in the framework of the conferences. It also allows students, teachers, and researchers to attend a space for updating and knowledge appropriation from the workshops presented at the sections. It is important to highlight the visibility that ICDAM has recently had due to the participation of masters and doctoral students, from different countries of Latin America, in that they had presented the progress of the graduate work; moreover, the bonds of friendship among the participants have been consolidated, which has even led to the realization of collaborative works between authors from the participating institutions.

List of Organizing Committee, National Scientific Committee, International Scientific Committee, Sponsor, Partners are available in this Pdf.
Consequences of insecticides on the dynamics of Anopheles mosquitoes
Authors: Gómez-Hernández E , Salazar-Jurado E H , Altamirano-Fernández A , Hernández-García R
Published: June 2023

Physics is a science that has developed valuable contributions to the understanding of different phenomena; in particular, the concept of a dynamic system originates in Newtonian mechanics; a concept that allows predictions of phenomena that are changing over time. The evolution rule is an implicit relation that can be given by a differential equation; our goal is to use dynamic systems in a problem of global importance, such as malaria. This is a potentially fatal disease caused by parasites transmitted to humans by biting infected female mosquitoes of the genus Anopheles; control is mainly due to combating the vectors. However, extensive use of insecticides has subjected mosquitoes to intense selection pressure, resulting in the development of physiological and behavioural resistance; therefore, we propose to study the dynamics of resistant and non-resistant infected mosquitoes. Our contribution is a system of ordinary differential equations in which non-resistant mosquitoes are assumed to have a logistic growth and exit upon developing resistance. In addition, we assume that resistant mosquitoes can have non-resistant offspring and only natural death; we performed a stability analysis of the model, allowing us to conclude that both types of mosquitoes always exist beyond a certain threshold. In addition, we performed a numerical study considering different levels of insecticide represented by the deaths it produces.
Analysis indicators of heart rate variability, before and after active standing with fractional Brownian movement and t-test
Authors: Mejía M , Morantes G , Rojas F , Prada E , Prada D
Published: June 2023

Alzheimer’s is a cognitive neurodegenerative disease that mainly affects older adults. Its detection is generally evident when the disease is in a medium-advanced state of development. The studies are carried out with greater emphasis on the part of the brain, however under scientific evidence there is a direct relationship with psychophysiological measures. Identifying a variable that can evidence the presence of this type of dementia is the purpose of this study. Using fractional Brownian movement and the repeated measures t-test applied to electrocardiographic signals, recorded under the standing task, of 8 patients with the presence of the disease, the change in the maximum and minimum heart rate and the average heart rate were evidenced. the same. With the above, there are indicators of the presence of the disease, which contribute significantly to its diagnosis.
Geospatial visualization of indicators for the dynamics of innovation in an educational institution applying clustering techniques
Authors: Buitrago-Cadavid P A , Benavides-Guevara J A , Restrepo-Zapata E J , Castro-Maldonado J J , Patiño-Murillo J A
Published: June 2023

The activities of science, technology, and innovation are related to the execution of actions involving research, experimental development, support for education and training, provision of scientific and technological services, administration, and other management activities. In this context, the SENNOVA Research System of Servicio Nacional de Aprendizaje of Colombia dedicates human and technological resources to contribute to the country’s economic and social growth, looking to answer the need to develop Colombia’s productive sector. In turn, these contributions also generate social dynamics in which the activity at the institutional level can be represented as a kind of the complex systems studied by nonlinear Physics. These complex dynamics are suitable for visualization from the stochastic processes that lead to statistical distributions typical of complex systems. A data analytics model for the measurement and visualization of innovation indicators is being developed in the Antioquia regional branch of Servicio Nacional de Aprendizaje, where the distinct categories of science, technology, and innovation activities are graphically identified to facilitate the analysis of the results obtained from both descriptive statistics and data science. From the perspective of complex systems for representing these institutional social dynamics, clustering processes with techniques such as K-means grouping were implemented. Potential distributions determined by the conglomerates of management processes and productivity of the projects executed in the analyzed institution over a given period are identified as innovation indicators and subsequently classified using principal component analysis. Python Folium was used as a visualization tool to graphically generate comparisons between the different Servicio Nacional de Aprendizaje centers of the Antioquia regional branch in each period. The results show greater ease of interpretation and analysis of statistical results and data analytics in measuring indicators of science, technology, and innovation activities through the techniques employed in comparison with traditional data visualization tools.
Microstructural evaluation and wear behavior of B4C particle reinforced TiO2-SiO2-ZnO compound by hot-pressing method
Authors: Kaya Ali Ihsan
Published: June 2023

In this study, different wt% of B4C material added to TiO2, ZnO, and SiO2 materials known with distinguished properties by hot-pressing method to produce new materials. Characterization of the materials was performed by using XRD, SEM and EDS. The micro-hardness of the materials was measured and the wear characteristics of B4C-added materials were determined by subjecting them to wear loads of 5 N, 10 N and 15 N. In XRD, it was observed that the intensity of the peak was decreased depending on the increase in B4C content. In SEM, it was determined that there was a two-phase structure with complex boundaries and indefinite grain boundary formation. Besides, it was determined that elements in the EDS and the compounds in the XRD supported each other. In wear analyses, it was seen that as the wear load increased, the depth and width of the wear track in all materials increased. Furthermore, as the weight ratio of B4C material in the composition was increased, the weight loss at different wear loads was decreased and the lowest weight loss was found in Ti45Si15Zn20B20 material. Moreover, it was observed that the wear track and its depth were inversely proportional to the increasing B4C content in the compound. Friction coefficients of the materials under 5 N wear load varied between 0.15–0.43, whereas under 10 N and 15 N wear load, it varied between 0.09–0.28 and 0.06–0.29, respectively. While the hardness value of B4C-free Ti60Si20Zn20 was 260 HV, the highest hardness value was seen in Ti45Si15Zn20B20 material as 1010 HV.
Antibacterial efficacy of greenly synthesized silver nanoparticles using nanocurcumin and silver nanoparticle gel on bovine mastitis
Authors: Vo-Van Quoc Bao , Dao Anh Quang , Nguyen Van-Phuong , Danh Nguyen Duc , Duong Thanh Hai , Anh Le Thi Kim
Published: June 2023

This study summarizes the synthesis of AgNPs using nanocurcumin as a reducing and stabilizing agent (CurAgNPs). The stability of CurAgNPs after 12 months of storage and their antimicrobial activity against four bacteria causing mastitis in cows were investigated. Ultraviolet—visible (UV–vis) spectroscopy of the dark brownish-red stabilized CurAgNPs solution decating the surface plasmon resonance peak of the sample was observed at 438 nm. Images of the spherical CurAgNPs were obtained using transmission electron microscopy (TEM), which showed a mean particle size distribution of 15–58 nm, with a mean size of 32 nm. The influence of CurAgNPs on four microorganisms that cause mastitis in cows, Streptococcus agalactiae (S. agalactiae), Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (P. aeruginosa), and Eschericia coli (E. coli), was studied, and the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) was from 1.6 to 6.25 ppm. From this, the MBC of CurAgNPs were observed at 3.15 ppm for S. agalactiae, and 6.25 ppm for S. aureus, P. aeruginosa and E. coli, respectively. The formulated homogeneous gel containing 100 ppm CurAgNPs, 1.5% carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC), and distilled water was developed with a viscosity of 141 ± 7.55 cP, pH of 6.72 ± 0.11, and homogenized. The zeta potential of CurAgNPs gel after 6 months of storage is almost constant. In addition, the improved CurAgNPs gel demonstrated significant antimicrobial activity compared with tetracycline at a concentration of 100 ppm.
Design, testing and characterization of a proton central axis alignment device for the dynamic collimation system
Authors: Geoghegan Theodore , Patwardhan Kaustubh , Ying Qi , Nelson Nicholas , Yu Jen , Gutierrez Alonso , Hill Patrick , Flynn Ryan , Hyer Daniel
Published: June 2023

Objective. Proton therapy conformity has improved over the years by evolving from passive scattering to spot scanning delivery technologies with smaller proton beam spot sizes. Ancillary collimation devices, such the Dynamic Collimation System (DCS), further improves high dose conformity by sharpening the lateral penumbra. However, as spot sizes are reduced, collimator positional errors play a significant impact on the dose distributions and hence accurate collimator to radiation field alignment is critical. Approach. The purpose of this work was to develop a system to align and verify coincidence between the center of the DCS and the proton beam central axis. The Central Axis Alignment Device (CAAD) is composed of a camera and scintillating screen-based beam characterization system. Within a light-tight box, a 12.3-megapixel camera monitors a P43/Gadox scintillating screen via a 45° first-surface mirror. When a collimator trimmer of the DCS is placed in the uncalibrated center of the field, the proton radiation beam continuously scans a 7×7 cm2 square field across the scintillator and collimator trimmer while a 7 s exposure is acquired. From the relative positioning of the trimmer to the radiation field, the true center of the radiation field can be calculated. Main results. The CAAD can calculate the offset between the proton beam radiation central axis and the DCS central axis within 0.054 mm accuracy and 0.075 mm reproducibility. Significance. Using the CAAD, the DCS is now able to be aligned accurately to the proton radiation beam central axis and no longer relies on an x-ray source in the gantry head which is only validated to within 1.0 mm of the proton beam.
Religion/Spirituality and Prevalent Hypertension among Ethnic Cohorts in the Study on Stress, Spirituality, and Health
Authors: Kent Blake Victor , Upenieks Laura , Kanaya Alka M , Warner Erica T , Cozier Yvette C , Daviglus Martha L , Eliassen Heather , Jang Daniel Y , Shields Alexandra E
Published: June 2023

Background

Hypertension is a significant public health issue, particularly for Blacks, Hispanics/Latinos, and South Asians who are at greater risk than whites. Religion and spirituality (R/S) have been shown to be protective, but this has been identified primarily in whites with limited R/S measures examined (i.e., religious service attendance).

Purpose

To assess hypertension prevalence (HP) in four racial/ethnic groups while incorporating an array of R/S variables, including individual prayer, group prayer, nontheistic daily spiritual experiences, yoga, gratitude, positive religious coping, and negative religious coping.

Methods

Data were drawn from the Study on Stress, Spirituality, and Health, a consortium of ethnically diverse U.S. cohorts. The sample included 994 Black women, 838 Hispanic/Latino men and women, 879 South Asian men and women, and 3681 white women. Using a cross-sectional design, prevalence ratios for R/S and hypertension were reported for each cohort, in addition to pooled analyses. Given differences in R/S among men and women, all models were stratified by gender.

Results

Different patterns of associations were found between women and men. Among women: 1) religious attendance was associated with lower HP among Black and white women; 2) gratitude was linked to lower HP among Hispanic/Latino, South Asian, and white women; 3) individual prayer was associated with higher HP among Hispanic/Latino and white women; 4) yoga was associated with higher HP among South Asian women, and 5) negative religious coping was linked to higher HP among Black women. Among men: significant results were only found among Hispanic/Latino men. Religious attendance and individual prayer were associated with higher HP, while group prayer and negative religious coping were associated with lower HP.

Conclusion

Religion/spirituality is a multifaceted construct that manifests differently by race/ethnicity and gender. Medical practitioners should avoid a one-size-fits-all approach to this topic when evaluating prevalent hypertension in diverse communities.
Effect of a New Hyaluronic Acid Hydrogel Dermal Filler Cross-Linked With Lysine Amino Acid for Skin Augmentation and Rejuvenation
Authors: Guo Yanping , Wei Wuhan , Wang Haoyu , Li Qiang , Wei Changzheng , Zhang Jingyu , Jin Peisheng
Published: June 2023

Background

Hyaluronic acid (HA) fillers are the most popular filler agents for skin rejuvenation. Although 1,4-butanediol diglycidyl ether is regarded as a relatively safe cross-linker, it still exhibits certain cytotoxicity.

Objectives

We presented here an amino acid–cross-linked HA (ACHA) which was obtained by an amidation reaction with lysine and HA. This study aimed to investigate ACHA's efficacy and safety for skin augmentation and rejuvenation.

Methods

Rheology, compressive tests, and swelling experiments were conducted to investigate ACHA's mechanical and viscoelastic properties. The effects of ACHA on the human keratinocytes (HaCaT) cells and the human dermal fibroblast (HDF) were investigated by Transwell and wound healing assays. Its impacts on the epithelial thickness and collagen synthesis were further examined in a mouse experimental model. We recruited 50 patients with moderate to severe nasolabial folds (NLFs). The patients were randomly allocated to receive ACHA or Restylane injections. The resulting retention rates of HA and the Wrinkle Severity Rating Scale and Global Aesthetic Improvement Scale outcomes were evaluated and compared.

Results

ACHA exhibited good viscoelasticity. It not only promoted migration and proliferation of HaCat and HDF and secretion of various growth factors but also increased skin thickness and promoted the generation of collagen. Patients who received ACHA had more residual volume 12 months after treatment. ACHA exhibited a promising augmentation effect in NLF correction with few adverse reactions.

Conclusions

ACHA has shown promise as a biomaterial with excellent biocompatibility and viscoelastic characteristics in both research and the clinic.

See the abstract translated into Hindi, Portuguese, Korean, German, Italian, Arabic, Chinese, and Taiwanese online here: https://doi.org/10.1093/asj/sjad169.

Level of Evidence: 2
mpwR: an R package for comparing performance of mass spectrometry-based proteomic workflows
Authors: Kardell Oliver , Breimann Stephan , Hauck Stefanie M
Published: June 2023

mpwR is an R package for a standardized comparison of mass spectrometry (MS)-based proteomic label-free workflows recorded by data-dependent or data-independent spectral acquisition. The user-friendly design allows easy access to compare the influence of sample preparation procedures, combinations of liquid chromatography (LC)-MS setups, as well as intra- and inter-software differences on critical performance measures across an unlimited number of analyses. mpwR supports outputs of commonly used software for bottom-up proteomics, such as ProteomeDiscoverer, Spectronaut, MaxQuant, and DIA-NN.

Availability and implementation

mpwR is available as an open-source R package. Release versions can be accessed on CRAN (https://CRAN.R-project.org/package=mpwR) for all major operating systems. The development version is maintained on GitHub (https://github.com/okdll/mpwR) and full documentation with examples and workflow templates is provided via the package website (https://okdll.github.io/mpwR/).