bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
METTL3-Mediated N6-Methyladenosine mRNA Modification and cGAS-STING Pathway Activity in Kidney Fibrosis
Authors: Tsai Yu-Cheng , Hsieh Tsung-Han , Liao Yuan-Ru , Tsai Ming-Tsun , Lin Tzu-Ping , Lee Der-Yen , Park Jihwan , Kim Donggun , Susztak Katalin , Yang Shang-Feng , Lin Chih-Ching , Li Szu-Yuan
Published: June 2024

Key Points

METTL3 was upregulated in CKD, leading to increased m6A modification levels.

M6A modifications were enriched in genes related to the cyclic guanosine monophosphate–AMP synthase-stimulator of IFN genes pathway in CKD.

Normalizing heightened METTL3 and m6A modification levels showed promise as a strategy to combat kidney disease.

Background

Chemical modifications on RNA profoundly affect RNA function and regulation. m6A, the most abundant RNA modification in eukaryotes, plays a pivotal role in diverse cellular processes and disease mechanisms. However, its importance is understudied in human CKD samples regarding its influence on pathological mechanisms.

Methods

Liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry and methylated RNA immunoprecipitation sequencing were used to examine alterations in m6A levels and patterns in CKD samples. Overexpression of the m6A writer METTL3 in cultured kidney tubular cells was performed to confirm the effect of m6A in tubular cells and explore the biological functions of m6A modification on target genes. In addition, tubule-specific deletion of Mettl3 (Ksp-Cre Mettl3f/f) mice and antisense oligonucleotides inhibiting Mettl3 expression were used to reduce m6A modification in an animal kidney disease model.

Results

By examining 127 human CKD samples, we observed a significant increase in m6A modification and METTL3 expression in diseased kidneys. Epitranscriptomic analysis unveiled an enrichment of m6A modifications in transcripts associated with the activation of inflammatory signaling pathways, particularly the cyclic guanosine monophosphate–AMP synthase (cGAS)-stimulator of IFN genes (STING) pathway. m6A hypermethylation increased mRNA stability in cGAS and STING1 as well as elevated the expression of key proteins within the cGAS-STING pathway. Both the tubule-specific deletion of Mettl3 and the use of antisense oligonucleotides to inhibit Mettl3 expression protected mice from inflammation, reduced cytokine expression, decreased immune cell recruitment, and attenuated kidney fibrosis.

Conclusions

Our research revealed heightened METTL3-mediated m6A modification in fibrotic kidneys, particularly enriching the cGAS-STING pathway. This hypermethylation increased mRNA stability for cGAS and STING1, leading to sterile inflammation and fibrosis.
The Public Curatorship of the Medieval Past: An Introduction
Authors: McLaughlin Lynsey , Sandy-Hindmarch John Edgar MacLeod
Published: June 2024

'The Public Curatorship of the Medieval Past' Special Collection explores how the medieval past is 'curated'—that is, collected, interpreted, and communicated—across both professional and popular society, and takes a particular interest in the ways in which medievalism impacts these acts. In this introduction to the collection, the editors discuss the questions and issues which motived the creation of the collection, and provide an overview of the articles collected.
INTRODUCTION OF BINARY CLASSES INTO THE MEDICAL EDUCATION SYSTEM
Authors:   Osh State University, Omurzakova Aisuluu , Abdurakhmanov Baktyyar ,   Osh State University, Zainalieva Bukatcha ,   Osh State University, Kadyrkulova Jamilya ,   Osh State University, Zhusupova Aidana ,   Osh State University, Keneshbek kyzy Kyzzhibek ,   Osh State University, Ankit Kumar Ankela ,   Osh State University
Published: June 2024

The article discusses the application and effectiveness of the interactive teaching method, using the example of binary classes - as an innovative approach to conducting practical classes, which enable students to see the prospects for using the theoretical knowledge they receive in specific life situations in practical life and increasing motivation among students, which helps improve learning knowledge. A binary lesson is a type of lesson when the content of educational material is revealed in dialogical communication between two teachers, representatives of two scientific schools, a scientist and a practitioner, a teacher and a student. Technology preparation and implementation of binary practical classes consists of several stages. The results of this study showed that the use of binary practical classes has a positive effect on the formation and development of students' practical skills. The binary technology of practical training allows to transfer theory into practice, which makes it possible to highlight the important importance of applying theoretical knowledge in practical activities, which helps to increase motivation and improve professional competencies among students. During binary practical classes, the analysis of clinical situations using practical skills on a specific case is considered by two specialists, a theorist and a practitioner. This paper presents the experience of conducting а binary practical classes for the discipline “Family Medicine”, teachers at the Department of Clinical Disciplines 3 MMF, Osh State University by graduate students of the department, senior lecturer A.E. Omurzakova, Zh.U. Kadyrkulova, teachers B.Zh. Zainalieva and A.B. Zhusupova for the period 2021-2023. The results of this study showed that the use of binary practical exercises has a positive effect on the formation and development of practical skills, increasing motivation and forming a more accurate idea of the future profession.
Teacher's attitude towards the use of Differentiated Instruciton (DI) and its impact in teaching
Authors: Kumar Kharka Deo , Kinley
Published: June 2024

A single-paced method of instruction does not benefit diverse learners, which is why "one size fits all" teaching has been severely criticized. Thus, it is essential to differentiate instruction to meet the diverse needs of learners. Using mixed methods, this study examines teachers’ use of DI and their attitudes towards using DI in the classroom. Additionally, the study examined the impact of teachers’ attitudes on the practice of DI and the challenges associated with it. Surveys, classroom observations, self-administered open-ended questionnaires, and student feedback were used to collect data. Teacher attitudes toward DI seem positive, and they understand it well. In the classroom, content, process, and product are typically differentiated, with product being the least differentiated. Teachers’ attitudes and DI implementation also exhibit a statistically significant positive correlation (rs (22) =.75, p ≤ .001). In addition, teachers’ attitudes influence DI implementation. Moreover, DI implementation is hampered by crowding, high student-teacher ratios, time constraints, and a rule forbidding student from using their mobile phones. This study raises awareness about DI in the school system in order to meet the needs of diverse learners, who may not benefit from a single-paced teaching approach.
he evolution of networks in rural tourism. The case of Gelence
Authors:   Babeș-Bolyai University, Göthér Zoltán
Published: June 2024

In 2019, the relationship of Romanians and Hungarians living in Romania was overshadowed by the conflict that happened in the Úz Valley military cemetery. The conflict was triggered when Dormánfalva from Bákó County built a memorial in the cemetery – belonging to Csíkszentmárton, a Hungarian village in Hargita County – to honour the Romanian soldiers supposedly buried there. The cemetery has been a subject of county border disputes for decades: both Bákó and Hargita counties consider the area as their own. This administrative debate culminated three years ago in cemetery closures, cemetery occupations, protests, nationalist manifestations, involving politics, civil society, various Romanian authorities and the media. In this study, I compare how the Hungarian and Romanian language print media from Szeklerland presented the events that led to the Romanian - Hungarian physical conflict in the Úzvölgy military cemetery, reflecting on what kind of interpretations of the reality was offered, represented in the local media of the two nations. Using Van Dijk’s critical discourse analysis, I compare the media discourse of the local Hungarian and Romanian newspapers, and the local and national political discourse presented in the media, and analyze the different definitions of reality represented in the media.
Wounded Collective Identity and Interpretation of Religion
Authors:   University of Szeged, Máté-Tóth András
Published: June 2024

In my thesis, I argue that the social and religious changes of the East-Central European region can be adequately interpreted primarily not along the paradigms of modernization and secularization, but rather along the theorems of wounded collective identity and securitization. Religion itself is securitization in nature, since it primarily identifies dangers and tries to avert them through the intervention of divine power. I justify this essential feature of religion by analyzing prayer. A close correlation can be seen between the securitization nature of religion and the need for security of liminal societies – especially in the East-Central European region. Consequently, new possibilities for the interpretation of religious processes are offered by prioritizing aspects of safety and security.
Dogmatical Identification in the Contemporary Romanian Society
Authors:   Babeș-Bolyai University, András Szabolcs
Published: June 2024

In this paper I show how an identification dogma influences the image of society. The identification dogma is a doctrine that is not intended to clarify a theological issue but to influence political views on society by influencing the religious sentiment of believers. I call this process dogmatical identification. Here, in connection with the Filioque doctrine, I examine how this process is realized in contemporary Romanian theology and public discourse.
The Using of Signs in the Lakota Inipi Rite. An Analysis from the Semiotics of Religion’s Point of View
Authors:   University of Szeged, Újvári Edit
Published: June 2024

Religion as a cultural universal can be approached from many disciplines. This paper analyses the use of signs in the Lakota inipi (purification) rite from the perspective of semiotics of religion, applying basic semiotic concepts and theories. The semantic, syntactic and pragmatic approaches are based on a description of the Lakota Inipi rite as recorded in religious anthropological source. The detailed description of the rite in that text is the starting point for a semiotic analysis, for the identification of signs, and sign-acts, and for understanding the role this rite played in the life and religious tradition of the tribe. The aim of the analysis is to understand how the signs demonstrate religious doctrines and help contact with supernatural forces, and at the same time, how they express the group cohesion.
Professional Career Paths in the Narratives of Women and Men in the Field of Transylvanian Classical Music
Authors:   Babeș-Bolyai University, Kolozsvári Mónika Imola
Published: June 2024

Equality in the world of work remains an important issue today, as the differences between men and women still exist in the labor market. It may be legitimate to ask whether these differences are present in the universal and open world of music. In this paper I seek to answer the question of what similarities and differences exist in the professional career paths within the narratives of male and female classical musicians in Transylvania. Gender inequality in the context of Transylvania is an under-researched topic, especially with qualitative methods, as public discourse and science are both more sensitive to the ethnic dimension, as is the case with every national minority. This study aims to explore how classical musicians construct the narrative of their professional career paths and whether gender is a determining factor in all this. To explore the similarities and differences between male and female classical musicians, I conducted semi-structured interviews with musical performers employed in orchestras and opera houses in major cities of Transylvania.
Comparison of single and multi-coil self-powered MR damper subjected to cyclic and earthquake loading for structural vibration control
Authors:   Department of Civil Engineering Hindustan Institute of Technology and Science, Cruze Daniel , Ramalingam Balaji ,   Department of Civil Engineering Hindustan Institute of Technology and Science, Krishnaraju Nedunchezhian ,   Department of Civil Engineering Hindustan Institute of Technology and Science
Published: June 2024

A promising solution for semi-active vibration control of different dynamic systems is to use magnetorheological (MR) dampers. In the present study, the investigation focuses on developing a novel single and multi-coil self-powered magnetorheological (MR) damper system using electromagnetic induction (EMI) for seismic mitigation. The conventional MR dampers, which rely on external power sources, can be unreliable and impractical in earthquake-prone locations. Thus, the EMI device connected to the MR damper can be used as an effective and alternative power source for the MR damper, results in a self-powered system. The proposed energy-harvesting system is an MR damper placed above the top of the piston. The coil is wound around the piston, and the outer casing with a ferrite magnet is fixed. As the mechanical energy of the piston is converted into electrical energy, its self-tuning capacity is a perfect fit for structural vibration control applications. The MR damper is subjected to cyclic and time-history loading. At a maximum amplitude of 15 mm, the damper generated 1767.8 N for cyclic loading and -1780 N for earthquake loading, the El Centro earthquake 1940 is considered for the study. By placing EMI, the mechanical energy is converted into electrical energy and powers the damper to avoid external power. The experimental results showcase enhanced damping forces and adaptability, thereby establishing it as an innovative and effective it can be alternative to conventional MR dampers for vibration control in future
Comparative Review of Tasks, Approaches and Tools for Automated Knowledge Extraction from the Texts of Scientific Publications
Authors:   National Research Tomsk Polytechnic University, Tomsk, Russian Federation, Ushakov S. N. , Saveliev A. O. ,   National Research Tomsk Polytechnic University, Tomsk, Russian Federation
Published: June 2024

The purpose of this work is to review the existing technologies for automated knowledge extraction from scientific publications. The main tasks include an analysis of existing methods for automated knowledge extraction, as well as an overview of various software tools used to solve this problem. The article presents a description of the main approaches to automated knowledge extraction, such as machine learning, natural language processing and the development of various methodologies for building knowledge graphs. An analysis of existing sources showed that the main problems associated with automated knowledge extraction are the need to create a large amount of labeled data, the processing of complex structured data, and the need to develop new algorithms for working with such data.
Semyon Ivanovich Shumakov (1913–1995) – founder of the neurosurgical service of the Penza region (to the 110th anniversary of birth)
Authors: Shalin V. V.
Published: June 2024

The article is devoted to Semyon Ivanovich Shumakov (1913–1995), an outstanding doctor, the founder of the neurosurgical service of the Penza region.

The formation of the neurosurgical service in the Penza region occurred in the middle of the XX century. S.I. Shumakov is exactly the man who stood at the origins. The development of neurosurgery as a separate branch of clinical medicine in the Penza region became possible thanks to his work. During the work of S.I. Shumakov, the neurosurgical service underwent great changes – new methods of diagnosis and treatment were introduced, as well as complex surgical interventions were carried out, which are now becoming commonplace. Thanks to his dedication and dedication to his work, modern neurosurgery is currently developing in the Penza region.

The data of the biography and the main directions of S.I. Shumakov’s work are considered. The data of the materials of the State Archive of the Penza region, the available literature data, as well as the archive of relatives, friends and students were analyzed.
Endovascular treatment of patients with distal aneurysms of cerebellar arteries
Authors: Kolomin E. G. , Goroshchenko S. A. , Bobinov V. V. , Petrov A. E. , Rozhchenko L. V. , Samochernykh K. A.
Published: June 2024

Aim. To evaluate short- and long‑term angiographic and clinical outcomes of endovascular treatment of patients with distal aneurysms of cerebellar arteries.

Materials and methods. The outcomes of endovascular treatment of 6 patients with distal aneurysms of cerebellar arteries who underwent surgery at the Neurosurgical Division No. 3 of the Polenov Russian Research Institute of Neurosurgery between January 1 of 2017 and March 31 of 2023 were analyzed.

Results. The following endovascular methods were used: occlusion of the aneurysm sac using only detachable coils (n = 2); occlusion using stent‑assisted coiling (n = 3); deconstructive intervention with occlusion of the main artery (n = 1).  In 1 of 2 cases of coil‑only aneurysm occlusion, additional stent‑assisted occlusion was performed due to recurrence. Among 6 aneurysms, 1 (16.65 %) aneurysm was radically excluded from the blood flow (class А); 4 (66.7 %) were excluded subtotally (class B); 1 (16.65 %) was excluded partially (class С). Control angiography at least 6 months after showed radical exclusion of the aneurysm from the blood flow (class A) in 5 (83.3 %) patients, subtotal exclusion (class В) in 1 (16.7 %) patient. Clinical outcome was excellent in 5 (83.3 %) patients (0 points per the modified Rankin scale); in 1 patient after deconstructive surgery, augmentation of neurological symptoms with following partial regression was observed (2 points per the modified Rankin scale). Complications during deconstructive surgery were observed in 1 (16.7 %) patient.

Conclusion. Deconstructive surgery of the distal aneurysms of cerebellar arteries can be associated with high risk of postoperative ischemic complications with development of persisting neurological deficit. Surgical interventions with preservation of the artery lumen (including reconstructive surgeries) should be the method of choice in endovascular treatment of distal aneurysms of cerebellar arteries due to minimal risk of ischemic complications and improved clinical outcomes of surgical treatment.
Postoperative outcomes of tumor-associated epileptic seizures in glioma patients
Authors: Chizhova K. A. , Gulyaev D. A. , Korepanov I. I. , Belov I. Yu. , Kurnosov I. A. , Chirkin V. Yu. , Sulin K. A. , Chistova I. V. , Yakovenko I. V.
Published: June 2024

Background. Epileptic seizures occur in 50–90 % of patients with low‑grade glioma and in 20–60 % of patients with glioblastoma. The presence of tumor‑associated epilepsy is one of the leading criteria affecting the quality of life of this cohort of patients. The study of risk factors for the formation and persistence of tumor‑associated epilepsy after surgical resection can contribute to the most adequate care for such patients in terms of freedom from seizures and the duration of the relapse‑free period.

Aim. To study the features of epileptic seizures before surgical treatment, in remote cases of the postoperative period in patients with glioma.

Materials and methods. Patients (n = 184) with histologically verified gliomas underwent total or non‑total microsur‑ gical removal of the tumor. The radicality of resection was assessed 1 month after the operation. The observation was carried out for 5 years.

Results. All patients were divided into 4 groups. The 1st group consisted of 102 (55.42 %) patients whose seizures regressed after surgery; the 2nd group included 2 patients with the first seizures after surgery – 1 (0.54 %) in the early and 1 (0.54 %) in the late postoperative period; the 3rd group – 23 (12.5 %) patients with seizures both before and after surgery; the 4th group – 57 (31 %) patients without seizures. Total resection was performed significantly more often in the group with regressed seizures – in 79 (77.4 %) patients. The dynamics of the course of seizures did not depend on their initial nature and frequency. Twenty four (70,6 %) patients with new seizures had tumor recurrence, of which 15 (62.5 %) patients had seizure recurrence earlier than tumor recurrence based on RANO criteria.

Conclusion. Tumor‑associated epilepsy is most common in low‑grade gliomas. Total resection allows to increase life expectancy and improve its quality by controlling seizures. The effectiveness of adjuvant treatment of this cohort of patients is directly related to the results of treatment of tumor‑associated epilepsy.
Surgical treatment of gangliogliomas in functional areas of the brain in child: a literature review and clinical cases
Authors: Nizolin D. V. , Kim A. V. , Zueva Yu. A. , Shmeleva O. O. , Maslov N. E. , Efimtsev A. Yu. , Nazaralieva E. T. , Samochernykh K. A.
Published: June 2024

Surgical treatment of tumors located near functional areas involves the use of technologies such as awake craniotomy, cortical and subcortical stimulation. The introduction of these and other technologies makes it possible to achieve maximum resection of the tumor without compromising the functional status of the patient. The use of this technologies has been well studied in adults, but this not about pediatric patients.

Aim of the work is to present two clinical cases of successful treatment of low‑grade gliomas of functional areas of the brain in children and literature review.

In clinical cases, damage of functionally significant areas were noted: the sensory speech cortex and the corticospinal tract. The involving speech cortex in the first case was also confirmed by functional magnetic resonance imaging. In the first case, an operation was performed with awake craniotomy, using cortical and subcortical mapping, in the second, using subcortical mapping and metabolic navigation. Total tumor resection was achieved in both clinical cases with a good functional outcome.

Achieving an optimal balance of functional outcome and the degree of radical removal of low‑grade tumors of functional areas is possible using an integrated approach based on the analysis of multimodal data.
Primary abscess of the sella turcica of odontogenic nature (observation from practice)
Authors: Bogdanova O. Yu. , Grigoriev A. Yu. , Pilnikov V. G. , Melikov E. A.
Published: June 2024

Abscess of the sella turcica is an extremely rare disease of the chiasm and sellar region which often clinically and radiologically imitates other lesions in this area complicating the diagnosis.

The article presents a clinical case of a 42‑year‑old female patient with primary abscess of the sella turcica which at first was considered to be pituitary adenoma. The patient underwent surgery through endoscopic transnasal access with good postoperative outcome. Additional postoperative examination revealed a possible source of hematogenic advancement of infectious process into the sella turcica cavity – pericoronitis of tooth 4.8. The article also presents review of publications on the topic.
Surgical treatment of cerebellar hemangioblastoma during pregnancy: a clinical case and literature review
Authors: Zayachkovsky N. A. , Paltsev A. A. , Tastanbekov M. M. , Li O. A.
Published: June 2024

Among all primary brain tumors with localization in the posterior cranial fossa, hemangioblastoma is the most common among the adult population. In some patients, the manifestation of a brain tumor may occur during pregnancy.

This article describes a clinical case of pregnancy complicated by hypertensive‑hydrocephalic symptoms against the background of cerebellar hemangioblastoma and developed occlusive hydrocephalus. The result of the work of a team of neurosurgeons, obstetricians and anesthesiologists was successful surgical treatment against the background of pregnancy prolongation. Five months after tumor resection, no recurrence of hemangioblastoma was observed, the patient gave birth to a healthy baby naturally.
Can a complete excision of the injured site of the spinal cord lead to positive results?
Authors: Lebenstein-Gumovski M. V. , Grin A. A.
Published: June 2024

Until now, there are no successful ways to restore the damaged spinal cord and its functions in severe spinal cord injury such as spinal cord contusion, rupture or intersection. This is largely due to the lack of treatment methods aimed at the chain of pathogenetic processes occurring in the nervous tissue after injury. The topic of restoration of spinal cord functions is taboo, often undesirable for discussion, and is influenced by clinical stereotypes. The article proposes to consider the method of treatment of spinal cord injury, using modern data, taking into account emerging pathophysiological processes at the site of injury and beyond. The use of new data and achievements of experimental science on severe spinal cord injury can be a serious step towards the development of new methods for the treatment of this pathology.
Acute back pain: clinical and radiological diagnosis. Guidelines of the WFNS Spine Committee
Authors: Gushcha A. O. , Yusupova A. R. , Kartavykh R. A.
Published: June 2024

Aim. To propose the list of guidelines of the World Federation of Neurosurgical Societies (WFNS) Spine Committee on clinical and radiological diagnosis of acute back pain.

Materials and methods. Systematic literature search in the PubMed and Google Scholar databases between 2012 and 2022 using keywords “acute back pain AND clinical diagnosis” and “acute back pain AND radiologic diagnosis” was performed. In total, 97 articles were analyzed, and the WFNS Spine Committee organized 2 consensus meetings to propose specific guidelines. The first meeting took place in May of 2022 in Karachi (Pakistan), the second during the Congress of the Middle East Spine Society in September of 2022 in Istanbul (Turkey). To formulate the guidelines, both meetings used the Delphi method of voting on the preliminary statements proposed based on the evidence level‑stratified literature search.

Results and discussion. In total, 10 statements were put to vote. Clinical characteristics allowing to distinguish between acute and chronic pain were indicated. A trend towards instrumental hyperdiagnosis of back pain was observed but routine neuroimaging does not have clinical benefit in acute back pain, it can even have a negative effect.

Conclusion. Acute back pain is hard to diagnose both clinically and radiologically. A patient with primary acute back pain should not be prescribed radiological exams in the absence of “red flags”. There are specific indications for specific radiological exams. The gold standard of diagnosis is magnetic resonance imaging which is confirmed by high‑quality studies.
Evaluation of effectiveness and safety of manual anastomosis use of its own modernization in the rectum anterior resection
Authors: Gaydarov S. G. , Mamedli Z. Z. , Dudaev Z. A. , Pugaev D. M. , Mongush Ch. M.
Published: June 2024

Aim. The choice of optimal method of colorectal anastomosis formation remains a matter of debate. The purpose of this study is to assess safety of an original method of forming a manual colorectal anastomosis.

Materials and methods. The retrospective study included patients having rectal cancer with tumor localization above 5 cm from the anocutaneous line, who underwent anterior resection of the rectum with formation of a manual “side-to-end” anastomosis of own modification. The main parameter evaluated was frequency of anastomotic failure and the additional one was overall incidence of postoperative complications.

Results. The study included 31 patients, among them were 15 (48.4 %) men, 18 (58.1 %) of them were older than 50 years, 9 (29 %) were smokers, 17 (54.8 %) had a body mass index greater than 25 kg/m2 . Anastomosis failure developed n 2 (6.5 %) patients and only 1 (3.2 %) patient required a second surgery.

Conclusion. Preliminary analysis data indicate safety of the proposed method of colorectal anastomosis formation. It is necessary to conduct comparative studies to evaluate possibility of wider implementation of this technique in clinical practice.
Efficacy and safety of different chemotherapy regimens in patients with disseminated pancreatic cancer over 65 years old
Authors: Manukyan M. Sh. , Chikhareva Ya. E. , Bazin I. S. , Pokataev I. A. , Tryakin A. A.
Published: June 2024

Aim. To evaluate the effectiveness and tolerability of systemic chemotherapy in elderly patients with metastatic pancreatic cancer (mPC) in real clinical practice.

Materials and methods. The study included patients with mPC over 65 years of age who received first-line chemotherapy at the N. N. Blokhin National Medical Research Center of Oncology for the period from 2004 to 2023. Any previous antitumor chemotherapy for mPC was an exclusion criterion. The primary endpoint was 1-year overall survival (OS), and the secondary endpoints were ORR, median progression-free survival, median OS, chemotherapy tolerability.

Results. The study included 148 patients aged 65 to 86 years with mPC who received first-line chemotherapy. Median progression-free survival among the entire population was 5.2 months. One-year OS among all patients was 32 %. The 1-year OS in mFOLFIRINOX group was 43.4 % and in gemcitabine group – 19.6 %. In a subgroup analysis, median OS with combination treatment was higher than in the gemcitabine monotherapy group (median OS 8.4 months vs. 6.8 months, p = 0.009). Patients with ECOG 2–3 also benefited from combination chemotherapy. Median OS was 8.9 months versus 3.9 months in gemcitabine (p = 0.008). The frequency of an objective response with triple chemotherapy was 66.1 %. In 30.8 % of cases, grade 3–4 neutropenia developed with mFOLFIRINOX, but febrile neutropenia developed only in three patients (5.8 %). The incidence of grade 3–4 adverse events was low, and these chemotherapy regimens were well tolerated.

Conclusion. Conducting a triple chemotherapy regimen in elderly patients with mPC is an effective treatment option with an acceptable range of toxicity.
Overdispersed Nonlinear Regression Models
Authors: Cepeda-Cuervo Edilberto , Cifuentes María Victoria
Published: June 2024

In this paper we propose nonlinear regression models in the biparametric family of distributions. In this class of models we propose two new classes of overdispersed nonlinear regression models: the first, defined from the overdispersion family of distributionsproposed by Dey, Gelfand, and Peng (1994), and the second from a class of compound distributions. For these models, we develop a Bayesian method in which samples of the posterior distributions are obtained by applying an iterated Metropolis-Hastings algorithmobtained by assuming two groups of parameters, defined by the mean and dispersion regression structures. In the first subclass of models, to improve the performance of the iterated Metropolis-Hastings algorithm, we develop worked variables from the applicationof Fisher scoring algorithm, to build the kernel transition function. A Bayesian method to fit compound regression models is also proposed. Finally, we present an application to neonatal mortality dataset to illustrate the use of the proposed models and the perfor-mance of the Bayesian method to fit the proposed models.
Yet Another Attempt to Classify Positive Univariate Probability Distributions
Authors: Tillé Yves
Published: June 2024

We propose an original classification of several discrete and continuous probability distributions. We establish links between these distributions, in particular the little known relationship between the negative hypergeometric distribution and the beta distribution. These relations allow us to propose a structure of relations which is summarized in graphic form.Our classification emphasises the analogy between certain discrete and continuous distributions. This analogy makes it possible to establish relations between the theory of point processes and the theory of survey sampling. It also makes it possible to envisage the use of link functions that are little used in generalised regression.
Violation of Word-Formation and Morphological Norms in Media Texts (based on the material of the UNIAN news feed)
Authors:   Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Kyiv, Ukraine, Marynenko Iryna , Melnychenko Tetiana ,   Flight Academy of the National Aviation University, Kropyvnytskyi, Ukraine
Published: June 2024

The ability to present information clearly and competently is one of the mandatory requirements for qualified journalists. Violation of language norms, in particular those of word formation and morphology, reveals the incompetence and unprofessionalism of specialists who spread incorrect forms among their audience through their texts. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to draw attention to the non-normative word-formation models and declension forms that are not inherent in the Ukrainian language, but are actively used in journalistic materials, in particular in the UNIAN news feed. The following methods were employed in the course of the study: at the data collection stage – the method of linguistic observation was used to identify erroneous word and form formation of lexemes and to record them; the method of distributional analysis was imple- mented to identify the non-normative use of word and form affixes and to further systematise errors; the method of contextual analysis and the descriptive method were applied to identify grammatical deviations when analysing the collected and classified language material. The systematisation of errors gives grounds to assert that word-formation deviations arise under the influence of the Russian derivational system, which is especially noticeable in suffix word formation. Deviations from the morphological norm are mostly caused, first, by the excessive use of uncodified active present participles (30.2 % of all morphological anomalies), second, by the erroneous use of prepositions (17.1 %), and third, by the non-normative formation of nouns (16.6 %). Based on the systematisation of grammatical deviations, it can be argued that the jour- nalists of the analysed media outlet need to improve their professional competences, in particular in the field of language norms.
The composition of apatite in the Archean Siilinjärvi glimmerite-carbonatite complex in eastern Finland
Authors:   Department of Geosciences and Geography, University of Helsinki, Finland, Karvinen Seppo , Heinonen Aku ,   Geological Survey of Finland, Espoo, Beier Christoph ,   Department of Geosciences and Geography, University of Helsinki, Finland, Jöns Niels ,   Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Germany
Published: June 2024

We present a geochemical dataset and cathodoluminescence images of apatite from the Neoarchean (2610 Ma) glimmerite-carbonatite rocks from the Siilinjärvi complex, Eastern Finland. The subhedral, tapered prismatic grains are compositionally fluorapatite, with limited substitution of Ca by Sr, Na and low REE and Si contents. The Sr/Y ratios are among the highest in a global apatite comparison, comparable to those from other calcite carbonatites, dolomite carbonatites, and phoscorites. Some grains show evidence of late- or post-magmatic interaction with a carbonatite magma or a hydrothermal fluid, resulting in REE-rich overgrowth rims or recrystallized grains with abundant fluid inclusions. We interpret the high Sr/Y ratios combined with low REE contents and depleted heavy REE+Y to represent crystallization from a mantle-derived carbonatite parental magma. We show that the Siilinjärvi apatite is chemically heterogeneous but with a limited range in compositions. There are noticeable compositional differences on all spatial scales from micrometer to tens of meters, i.e., within a single crystal, between crystals in a sample, between samples and the two individual sampling locations. We conclude that the intra-crystal geochemical variability in apatite is a suitable tracer of the magmatic and post-magmatic evolution of carbonatite complexes.
Treatment of Achilles tendon rupture in a patient with alkaptonuric ochronosis
Authors: Kryukov Evgeniy V. , Bel’skikh Andrey N. , Khominets Vladimir V. , Kudyashev Aleksey L. , Ryzhman Nicolay N. , Chirsky Vadim S. , Tkachenko Maxim V. , Zakharov Michail V.
Published: June 2024

The treatment result of a patient with spontaneous rupture of the Achilles tendon and features of diagnosing alkaptonuric ochronosis, a rare disease, are presented, providing doctors beneficial information for the prevention and/or delay of possible complications. On March 8, 2021, at about 20:50, while at his workplace, getting up from his chair from the table, patient K, 52 years old, felt a sharp pain in the lower third of his right shin and was urgently taken to the hospital. He was examined by a traumatologist and was initially diagnosed with rupture of the right Achilles tendon. His right lower limb was immobilized with a plaster splint. On March 11, 2021, he entered the military traumatology and orthopedics clinic of the Kirov Military Medical Academy for surgical treatment. Upon admission, the patient complained of pain in the right lower leg and impaired support function of the right lower limb. Based on complaints, medical history, laboratory results, and instrumental studies, subcutaneous rupture of the right Achilles tendon was diagnosed. On March 12, 2021, anchor suture of the right Achilles tendon was performed. Anesthesia — combined, access: two separate incisions on the posterior surface of the lower third of the right leg and in the area of the calcaneal tubercle, each 5 cm long, intraoperatively revealed a complete subcutaneous rupture of the right Achilles tendon. Notably, the tendon was black in color when cut. The postoperative period proceeded without complications, and postoperative wounds of linear shape in the right Achilles tendon healed by primary intention. No signs of disturbances were observed in peripheral circulation and innervation of the right lower limb. To confirm the diagnosis, a simple laboratory test was performed: a change in the color of urine during the day, after its additional alkalization. The color change is due to the polymerization of homogentisic acid, which is excreted in large quantities in the urine. To verify the diagnosis, a molecular genetic technique was performed: sequencing of the clinically significant HGD gene and encoding the enzyme homogentisate-1,2-dioxygenase, which are mutations that lead to alkaptonuria. The analysis results confirmed the presence of an amino acid substitution at the pGLy161Arg position, indicating pathogenicity. The use of simple methods of additional laboratory diagnostics and molecular genetic analysis enabled the diagnosis of alkaptonuric ochronosis. Thus, characteristic diagnostic signs were damage to the Achilles tendon in combination with the obtained anamnestic, clinical, and laboratory data of alkaptonuria.
Photodynamic theranostics in surgical treatment of patients with peritoneal carcinomatosis
Authors: Rudakov Dmitry A. , Tochilnikov Grigory V. , Soloviev Ivan A. , Surov Dmitry A. , Dymnikov Denis A.
Published: June 2024

The role and possibilities of photodynamic theranostics, including fluorescence diagnostics and photodynamic therapy, in complex cytoreductive surgical treatment of peritoneal carcinomatosis, evaluation of the effectiveness of its use, and analysis of the impact of this approach on the results of surgical intervention were investigated. Available modern domestic and foreign scientific literature were analyzed using PubMed, eLibrary.ru, and Google Scholar. Peritoneal carcinomatosis is characterized by the spread of tumor cells in the peritoneum and can be either a primary form of a tumor, such as pseudomyxoma and mesothelioma, or metastatic spread of cancer, most often of the gastrointestinal tract or gynecological organs. Surgical treatment of peritoneal carcinomatosis is crucial in the complex treatment of this category of patients, which determines the importance of further improvement of cytoreductive technologies. The extent of peritoneal dissemination during surgery may be underestimated, since intraoperative diagnosis is based solely on visual inspection and palpation. Thus, the use of phototheranostics — fluorescence diagnostics and photodynamic therapy — is a promising direction that has an antitumor effect and visualizes the peritoneum involved in the oncological process, which is beneficial for determining the required volume of peritonectomy. Currently, they are promising methods in the treatment of tumors of various locations. Both techniques are linked by the principle of theranostics (including diagnosis of the disease and personalized treatment of the patient) and imply the use of specific dyes (photosensitizers) and their ability to be excited under the influence of light of a certain wavelength. The therapeutic and diagnostic potential of phototheranostics in the complex surgical treatment of peritoneal carcinomatosis is emphasized; the main problems are described and prospects for the development of this technology are presented based on retrospective and prospective studies and systematic reviews.
Clinical Characteristics and Treatment Responses of Patients in Delirious Mania: A Case Series
Authors: Sahu Raj K. , Rana Ajayveer
Published: June 2024

BACKGROUND: Delirious mania (DM) is a severe psychiatric condition having rapid onset of delirium, mania, and psychosis. It is an emergency condition as it has acute onset and is characterized by extreme hyperactivity. Catatonic signs may also be present. Very few cases have been reported from India, hence making it imperative to study its clinical characteristics and possible treatment, which can help in providing care to such patients in emergency settings.
CLINICAL CASES DESCRIPTION: This paper describes four cases with a diagnosis of DM — demography, clinical features, investigations, treatment. All the patients had an acute onset and rapid progression of symptoms, with clinical symptoms of talkativeness, increased psychomotor activity, decreased need for sleep, aggressive and violent behavior, increased libido, increased appetite with delusion of grandiosity, disorientation to time/place/person, impaired memory of recent events, impaired attention with fluctuating course, negativism, echolalia, and echopraxia.
CONCLUSION: There is a high likelihood of misdiagnosing DM in the absence of diagnostic guidelines. There should be an active search for the underlying aetiology in all cases of DM. Atypical antipsychotics and mood stabilizers may be used to treat less severe forms of DM. Modified electric convulsive treatment and intravenous benzodiazepines elicit a good response.
Ramp-Flat and Splay Faulting Illuminated by Frictional Afterslip Following the 2017 Mw 7.3 Sarpol-e Zahab Earthquake
Authors: Guo Zelong , Baes Marzieh , Motagh Mahdi
Published: June 2024

As the largest instrumentally recorded earthquake in the fold-and-thrust belt of the northwestern Zagros mountain so far, the fault structure of the 2017 Mw 7.3 Sarpol-e Zahab earthquake and its contribution to regional crustal shortening remain controversial. Here, we utilize the integration of Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar observations and 2D finite element models incorporating various fault geometries such as planar faults, ramp-flat faults, and the combined models of ramp-flat and splay faults to explore frictional afterslip process due to coseismic stress changes following the mainshock. Our findings suggest that a ramp-flat frictional afterslip model, characterized by the maximum afterslip of ∼1.0 m and frictional variations (Δμ) of ∼0.001 and ∼0.0002 for the up-dip and down-dip portions, respectively, better explains the long-wavelength postseismic deformation than planar fault models. However, an integration model of a ramp-flat and a splay fault further improves the model fit, although the splay fault’s frictional slip is limited to <0.2 m, which is much smaller than that on the ramp-flat part (∼0.9 m). Considering the relocated aftershocks and structural cross-sections, the combined model could be best attributed to fault slip on the blind Mountain Front fault. Our findings thus suggest the complexity of the fault interactions between the basement and sedimentary cover in the Zagros, and that this largest basement-involved event in the region contributes to both thick- and thin-skinned shortening via seismic and aseismic behaviors, respectively.
Social Determinants of Health Education in Physician Assistant Faculty Training
Authors:   , Daly Genevieve Evelyn , Lorman William J
Published: June 2024

Social determinants of health (SDOH) encompass a wide array of concepts that are critical to our understanding as medical providers of our patients as whole people, as opposed to a series of diagnoses. Implementing more comprehensive education about SDOH throughout the education process could prepare providers such as physician assistants to better serve a diverse patient population. A single group, pretest-posttest survey study design was used to address the following research question: would implementing online education about social determinants of health in physician assistant faculty training have an impact on faculty knowledge and comfort regarding implementing SDOH in PA student curriculum? Results indicated a potential link between a targeted educational intervention about SDOH and positive change in knowledge of SDOH and preparedness to educate students about social determinants on the part of PA program faculty involved in the intervention. Though the changes were not found to be statistically significant, the change in median scores in specific areas indicates that this study could prove a useful foundation for further research in this important area. This study aimed to fill a gap in the literature, as SDOH education for healthcare professionals is a well-established priority, but providing training and structure for faculty members expected to cultivate that education has not been cohesively addressed. Understanding SDOH and their impact on our patients is critical as healthcare providers, as is the ability to effect change on a personal, community, and structural basis. Further research in this area could help to prepare healthcare educators to better support their students as well as the patients and communities they serve.
The Paradox of Retail Automation: How Self-Checkout Convenience Contrasts with Loyalty to Human Cashiers
Authors: Nizamuddin Md. , Natakam Vineel Mouli , Sachani Dipakkumar Kanubhai , Vennapusa Sai Charan Reddy , Addimulam Srinivas , Mullangi Kishore
Published: June 2024

The paradox of retail automation lies at the intersection of self-checkout convenience and consumer loyalty to human cashiers. This study explores consumer preferences, behaviors, and perceptions regarding self-checkout and human cashier experiences in retail. The study examines the dynamics of checkout experience preferences, usage patterns, and demographic variations through consumer surveys and analysis of key performance indicators. Significant findings highlight the enduring value of human interaction in the retail experience despite the efficiency gains offered by self-checkout technology. The study underscores the importance of balancing efficiency with personalized service, recommending strategies such as hybrid checkout models, staff training, and technological optimization. Policy implications emphasize the need for regulations prioritizing consumer protection and workforce development in an increasingly automated retail landscape. By understanding and addressing the paradox of retail automation, retailers and policymakers can navigate the challenges and opportunities presented by automation while preserving the human touch that remains integral to the retail experience.