bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Comprehensive Insights into Neuropathy: Types, Management, and Promising Approaches
Authors: Singh Gurvinder , Kumar Ravinder , Sharma Shruti , Baghel Dileep Singh , Singh Saurabh , Sumanthmayur M.R. , . Rupali
Published: February 2025

In recent times, there has been significant discussion surrounding neuropathic pain, which manifests as a general condition characterised by an abnormal increase in sensitivity to stimuli and nociceptive responses, even in the absence of harmful stimuli. For centuries, herbal plants have been utilised in treating neurological and psychiatric ailments, and present-day research further substantiates the effectiveness of plant-based products in addressing neurological disorders. Herbal plants have long been a cornerstone in treating neurological conditions, and current work highlights their role in managing peripheral neuropathy. Combining these traditional remedies with modern medical techniques may offer a comprehensive approach to managing and potentially alleviating the unbearable symptoms associated with this condition. Peripheral neuropathy is an ailment which affects or damages nerves, thereby impairing sensation, movement, and gland and organ functions. Patients diagnosed with cancer, AIDS, diabetes, multiple sclerosis, and stroke are predominantly prone to experiencing peripheral neuropathy. The term peripheral neuropathy encompasses two types: Mononeuropathy and Polyneuropathy. Mononeuropathy refers to the condition where a single nerve is affected, while Polyneuropathy refers to the condition where multiple nerves are affected. Peripheral neuropathy is distinguished by specific characteristics and manifestations such as loss of sensation, increased response to painful stimuli, pain, tingling, crawling, and itching.
Major Findings: The present work is focused on the key points about neuropathy, its classification, causes, treatments, the effectiveness of the medicinal plants and modern techniques available to address neuropathy.
Standardisation of Perunkaya Vaippu Sarakku Using Organoleptic, Physicochemical, HPTLC Fingerprinting, GC-MS, and In Vitro Pharmacological Studies
Authors: Jeyavenkatesh J. , Sahayam C. Savariraj , Ramkumar P.S.S , Ramani S. Roja , Kumar M. Pitchiah , Kumar Avinash
Published: February 2025

Background: Asafoetida (Perunkayam), an oleo-gum resin derived from the roots of plants in the Ferula genus, is renowned for its efficacy as gastroprotective. It has been scientifically validated for its antioxidant, antispasmodic, neuroprotective, combating inflammation and hepatotoxicity, and various anticancer activities. However, asafoetida is not indigenous to India, and its scarcity has led to a significant price increase. Siddha, one of the oldest systems of medicine, utilises metals, herbs, and minerals to create synthetic formulations, a process known as Vaippumuraigal, to serve as alternatives to natural drugs. Aim: To standardize Perunkaya Vaippu Sarakku (PVS) using modern scientific methods. Methods: Synthetic Perunkayam was prepared and standardized through rigorous scientific procedures. Results: The prepared PVS was brownish powder, pH-4.7 and 5.73%w/w moisture. Phytochemical screening revealed the presence of alkaloids, carbohydrates, phytosterols, phenols, flavonoids, terpenoids and fixed oils. HTPLC yielded 8 fractions, Rf values ranging from 0.09-0.93. GC-MS revealed the presence of pentadecane, 2,4-di-tert-butylphenol, hexadecane, hexadecanoic and cis-vaccenic acid. PVS showed antioxidant activity compared to BHT (EC50-235.9 and 6.597μg/mL respectively). The EC50 of acetylcholine in the presence of PVS (4.782μg/ml) was higher than Acetylcholine alone (3.678μg/ml) indicating effective antispasmodic activity. Experiments on goat renal artery undeluded endothelium (en+) showed significant vasodilatory activity with an EC50 of 79.31μg/ml which was significantly (p<0.001) lower than denuded endothelium (352.4μg/ml). PVS showed significant cytotoxicity on colon-cancer (HCT-116) cell lines (IC50-116μg/ml) and low cytotoxicity on HepG2 and Vero-cell lines (IC50-538.5 and 1458μg/ml). PVS significantly (p<0.001) prevented the ethanol-induced damage in HepG-2 cell lines at 10μg/ml, inhibiting viral growth with a selectivity index of 11.26 and IC50 of 129.4μg/ml. Conclusion: PVS potently exhibited all the activities of natural asafoetida, advocated the claim of using PVS as an alternative to natural-asafoetida and standardization of the formulation confirmed the quality of PVS as per pharmacopeial standards in Siddha medicine.
Major Findings: Synthetic asafoetida potently exhibited all the activities of natural asafoetida (Perunkayam) and showed the remarkable similarity and also uncovering novel compounds in synthetic alternatives.
The predictive significance of red cell distribution width in anterior ST- elevation myocardial infarction and its relationship with hospital mortality
Authors: Bodagh Haleh , Ghanivash Amin , Bodagh Shabnam , Bagher Bodagh Mohammad , Banisefid Erfan , Sakhaei Arshiya , Khiavi Shima Mosadeghi , Parizad Razieh
Published: February 2025

Objectives: The clinical diagnosis of acute myocardial infarction (AMI) involves assessing the patient's medical history and indirect evidence of myocardial necrosis using biochemical, electrocardiogram (ECG), or imaging methods. Ischemia, hypoxia, and myocardial necrosis result from a disrupted blood supply to the coronary arteries, typically due to atherosclerosis, thrombosis, and coronary artery obstruction. Given the rising incidence and healthcare costs of ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI), particularly anterior STEMI (ant-STEMI), this study examines the diagnostic value of red cell distribution width (RDW) in ant-STEMI patients and its impact on hospital and one-year mortality post-primary angioplasty.
Methods: This study focused on patients with ant-STEMI undergoing primary angioplasty at Shahid Madani Hospital, Tabriz, Iran, from 2018 to 2019. Exclusion criteria included patients receiving drug or antithrombotic treatment, undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG), not receiving primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PPCI), suffering from STEMI types other than anterior STEMI, having a history of thalassemia or anemia, and those with incomplete patient records. In-hospital complications, such as cardiogenic shock, hematoma, bleeding, and heart failure (HF), were recorded and analyzed using SPSS 23.
Results: In this retrospective and analytical study of 300 patients, there was no significant relationship between RDW levels and in-hospital (P-value=0.59) and one-year mortality (P-value=0.68). However, RDW was significantly associated with hospital complications such as HF, cardiogenic shock, angio-hematoma, gastrointestinal bleeding, and stent thrombosis (P-value<0.01).
Conclusions: Our study showed that RDW is not a reliable prognostic factor for mortality in anterior STEMI patients.
Evaluating the incidence of syncope and electrocardiogram changes in methadone-treated volunteers quitting addiction in yazd
Authors: Hosseini Hesam , Amirheydary Mehdi , Sarebanhassanabadi Mohammadtaghi , Poorebrahimi Mohammad , Veirani Roya Soleimani , Hossaini Tezerjani Seyed Mostafa Seyed
Published: February 2025

Objectives: Methadone is a synthetic opioid with a high affinity for opioid receptors, widely used as an effective intervention for opioid dependence and the management of acute and chronic pain. However, its use has been associated with serious cardiac side effects, including torsades de pointes (TdP) and prolonged QTc intervals. This study investigated the incidence of syncope and electrocardiogram (ECG) changes in individuals who underwent methadone treatment for addiction.
Methods: This cross-sectional study, conducted in Yazd in 2020, involved 100 participants seeking methadone treatment at an addiction clinic. A cardiologist recorded initial ECGs using a 12-lead ECG device, assessing parameters such as heart rhythm, QTc interval, and premature contractions. Participants were informed about the study procedures and the necessity of follow-up ECGs one week and three months after starting methadone. The researchers monitored the patients for three months with regular outpatient visits.
Results: The findings revealed a significant difference in syncope incidence based on ECG rhythm on day seven and month three, with higher rates observed in patients exhibiting junctional rhythms or PVC (p-value=0.000). Additionally, a significant relationship was found between syncope frequency and U wave status at month three (p-value=0.046).No significant associations were noted for ST segment changes or T wave variations. Furthermore, higher methadone doses, longer QTc intervals on day seven, and prolonged PR intervals correlated with increased syncope occurrences.
Conclusions: This study indicates that ECG-related variables and methadone dosage significantly influence syncope incidence among treated patients. Specifically, individuals with junctional rhythms or PVC and those receiving higher doses of methadone were at greater risk for syncope. Monitoring PR and QTc intervals is crucial for preventing syncope in patients undergoing methadone treatment.
Enhancing Data Engineering Practices for AI Applications: Insights from Predictive Analytics Case Studies
Authors: Devarasetty Narendra
Published: February 2025

The utilization of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in current systems carries significant dependence upon the stability of data engineering technique. This article discusses the importance of improving the efficiency of data pipelines to improve AI applications with reference to some sample predictive analytics analytics. Therefore, through reviewing various real-world applications in the article, critical issues like data latency, inconsistency, and scalability, which affect the value of AI models, have been noted. These yield problems are discussed and real-time data processing, autopipe, and other data engineering methods that deal with such problems are explained in its details. These shed light on how the practices enhance accuracy of AI model, operations efficiency and real time decisions. This study therefore makes a call for fine tuning of data pipelines in the effort to achieve optimal usage of AI in various fields.
The effects of a 6-week pilates exercises on quality of life, depression, and musculoskeletal disorders in menopausal women
Authors: Arslan Kabasakal Sema
Published: February 2025

Objectives: This study examines the impact of a 6-week Pilates intervention on quality of life, depression, and musculoskeletal disorders in menopausal women.
Methods: The sample comprised 13 menopausal women with a mean age of 59.45±11.52 years. Data collection was conducted using the World Health Organization Quality of Life-BREF (WHOQOL-BREF), the Beck Depression Inventory for Primary Care (BDI-PC), and the Cornell Musculoskeletal System Discomfort Questionnaire (CMSDQ). These instruments were administered at three intervals: baseline, following a 6-week non-intervention period, and after a subsequent 6-week Pilates program.
Results: Within the scope of the study findings, after 6 weeks of Pilates, there was a significant increase in the participants' quality of life scores in the physical and psychological health domains (p<0.05) and a significant decrease in the BDI-PC total score (p<0.05). However, no statistically significant difference was found in participants' quality of life scores in the social relations and environmental health domains and the CMSDQ total weighted score after 6 weeks of Pilates (p>0.05).
Conclusions: In conclusion, six weeks of Pilates exercises in menopausal women increases the quality of life within the framework of physical health and psychological health and reduces the depression level of these women. Therefore, to reduce the psychological problems that may occur in menopausal women and to improve their quality of life, they should be directed towards physical activities, especially Pilates. It is recommended to study the effect of Pilates performed for more than 6 weeks musculoskeletal disorders, environmental health and social relationships in this population.
Whataboutism: geneza i przykłady występowania w mediach
Authors: Zadworny Patryk
Published: February 2025

Whataboutism jako jedna z technik propagandowych ma swój początek w czasach sowieckich i przez wiele lat była kojarzona głównie linią retoryczną ówczesnej władzy radzieckiej. Mimo to, whataboutsim nie był i nie jest jedynie domeną ZSRR czy Rosji. Praca podejmuję próbę przedstawienia genezy i rozpowszechnienia się whataboitism’u w różnych państwach. Podkreśla rolę, jaką odegrały w tym procesie politycy oraz media, a także uzasadnia, iż whataboutism jest szeroko wykorzystywany w dzisiejszej debacie publicznej.
A Study on the Authenticity of the Gongsun Longzi : Focusing on the Jixia Academy and the Theory of Five Elements
Authors:   The Society for Asian Philosophy in Korea, Seong Jeong-Hong
Published: February 2025

The question of whether Gongsun Longzi is an authentic text remains a subject of scholarly debate, with opposing views arguing that the entire text is spurious, only certain sections are inauthentic, or that it is entirely genuine. This study defines spurious texts as those that cannot be considered contemporaneous with the era of Gongsun Long and seeks to identify which portions of Gongsun Longzi fail to meet this criterion. First, this study examines the disputed chapter “Jifu” and the latter half of Gongsun Longzi, identifying a shared feature: both “Jifu” and the blue-white dialogue (qingbai wenda) in “Tongbian lun” contain political arguments rooted in the intellectual tradition of the Zhixia School. Second, it analyzes the Five Elements theory as presented in the blue-white dialogue in “Tongbian lun”, taking into account the historical evolution of Five Elements theory and the recorded relationship between Zou Yan and Gongsun Long. Based on this analysis, the study concludes that the blue-white dialogue in “Tongbian lun” is better understood as a composition created after Gongsun Longzi’s time. Through this investigation, the study argues that the blue-white dialogue in “Tongbian lun” cannot be considered a work contemporaneous with Gongsun Longzi. If substantiated, this argument may provide insights into the previously noted differences between the first and the second halves of the Gongsun Longzi. Furthermore, by distinguishing between the School of Names’ original focus on the relationship between names and actualities and political arguments incorporating Five Elements theory, it becomes possible to reevaluate the pure philosophical thought of the School of Names during Gongsun Longzi’s era. From a textual perspective, this analysis may also contribute to clarifying the relationships and chronological order among “Jifu”, the Lüshi Chunqiu, and the Kongcongzi.
Debate of Righteousness and Profit (義利之辯) and Bao 報 in Confucian Tradition: A New Interpretation of Moral Principles and Virtue
Authors:   The Society for Asian Philosophy in Korea, ZHANG LEI
Published: February 2025

This study reinterprets the core concept of bao 報 (reciprocity or recompense) within the Confucian tradition through the lens of yili zhi bian 義利之辨 (debate of righteousness and profit). It examines the relevant discourses of Confucius, Mencius, Xunzi, Zhou Dunyi, Zhu Xi, and Wang Yangming. By analyzing these discussions, the paper elucidates the transformations in the meaning of bao embedded in the moral principles and views on righteousness in Confucian thought. Furthermore, it systematizes the notion of “virtue” (dexing 德性) into three categories: great virtue (dadexing 大德性), non-virtue (feidexing 非德性), and theological virtue (chaodexing 超德性), thereby uncovering the multidimensional implications of bao. Confucius and Mencius emphasized the primacy of moral principles, advocating for the pursuit of legitimate profit (li 利) grounded in righteousness (yi 義). They further concretized the ethical significance of bao by asserting that “requite kindness with kindness; requite resentment with justice.” Xunzi, on the other hand, stressed the regulation of human nature through ritual propriety and postnatal education, proposing that profit should be harmoniously controlled through righteousness. The Neo-Confucian scholars of the Song and Ming dynasties advanced the yili zhi bian to a metaphysical level. In particular, Wang Yangming sought to reconcile righteousness and profit by grounding them in inner conscience and virtue through his doctrine of the “unity of knowledge and action” (zhixing heyi 知行合一). Consequently, the concept of bao evolved beyond mere reciprocity or transactional exchange, emerging as a principle of moral cultivation and ethical practice. This reinterpretation offers a foundation for moral reasoning in the face of contemporary ethical uncertainties, providing a basis for strengthening the moral fabric of modern society while fostering individual moral self-cultivation.
Reeditando a Josefa Acevedo: fragmentos, atribuciones y desacuerdos
Authors:   Boston University, Rodríguez Catalina
Published: February 2025

El Oráculo de las flores i las frutas (1855), un libro objeto diseñado como un juego de mesa para la entretención en el hogar, es atribuido a la escritora colombiana Josefa Acevedo (1803-1861). Sin embargo, la naturaleza fragmentaria de su archivo, junto con una nota autonecrológica que la escritora dejó antes de morir, complican esta atribución. A partir de este desacuerdo sobre la autoría, el presente artículo explora la forma en que los sistemas de poder interseccional influyen en dinámicas de conservación, preservación y reedición de la obra de mujeres en el siglo xix latinoamericano. En particular, se examina el caso de Josefa Acevedo para evidenciar cómo son los archivos de sus pares masculinos —su padre, su esposo, su mejor amigo—, los cuales permiten construir una noción amplia de la obra de la autora. La propuesta teórica y metodológica de “fabulación crítica” planteada por Saidiya Hartman se presenta como una herramienta fundamental para problematizar y cuestionar los silencios del archivo de Acevedo. Para terminar, el artículo reflexiona sobre prácticas de reedición a partir de Proscrita en esta tierra, una antología de Josefa Acevedo publicada en 2023.
La reedición de las autoras del siglo XIX y la transformación del campo literario. El archivo de Soledad Acosta de Samper
Authors:   Universidad de los Andes, Bogotá, Alzate Carolina
Published: February 2025

Este artículo presenta la historia editorial de dos novelas de Soledad Acosta de Samper (1833-1913): Dolores (1867) y Una holandesa en América (1876, 1888). Examina en dicha historia el proceso que hizo posible que la autora colombiana pasara de ser una escritora casi desconocida después de su muerte a ser hoy considerada una de las más relevantes de su momento. El estudio de su caso particular permite observar la forma como la academia feminista, desde los años de 1980 hasta ahora, se ha acercado al archivo para ampliarlo y retarlo. Esta historia editorial —que no es única— muestra la manera como se ha transformado de su mano el campo de los estudios del siglo XIX. El artículo estudia las estrategias narrativas y editoriales empleadas por la autora para insertarse en el campo letrado de su momento, las variantes de sus obras y el destino que sufrieron estas novelas. El marco general del análisis se realiza apoyado en los estudios feministas y postestructuralistas del archivo. Con él, se abordan publicaciones de prensa periódica, libros y álbumes, los cuales permiten acercarse a los aspectos tanto conceptuales como materiales de la producción de las mujeres del siglo XIX latinoamericano, así como a las ansiedades que provocaban en los escritores varones de su tiempo.
Ana I. Simón Alegre. Concepción Gimeno de Flaquer (1850-1919): Cartas, cuentos cortos y artículos periodísticos. Delaware: Vernon Press, 2023. 281 pp.
Authors:   Universidad de los Andes, Bogotá, García González Andrea ,   Universidad de Granada, España
Published: February 2025

Concepción Gimeno de Flaquer nos apela desde el momento en que cogemos este libro entre las manos. En la portada, su mirada inquietante y curiosa nos lleva ávidas a abrir el texto, preguntándonos quién es esta mujer, qué escribió durante los años fi-nales del siglo xIx y si la autora de este libro, Ana I. Simón Alegre (Adelphi University, New York), ha conseguido descifrar qué era lo que tanto atraía a esta escritora, cuáles eran sus exploraciones y qué fue lo que quiso poner en el mundo. Concepción Gimeno de Flaquer (1850-1919):Cartas, cuentos cortos y artículos periodísticos es un libro que lo puede leer toda la gran familia universitaria, estudiantes de todos los niveles, profesorado de humanidades y de otras disciplinas de las ciencias sociales, como la antropología. También es un texto para el público lector no especializado que quiera saber más de esta escritora poco estudiada todavía, cuyas obras no han contado, hasta este trabajo, con una edición actualizada y accesible
Development of Kelulut (Trigona sp) Cultivation Business
Authors: Nuwa Nuwa , Rotinsulu Johanna Maria , Toni Hendra , Jemi Renhart
Published: February 2025

Tumbang Nusa Village, Jabiren District, Pulang Pisau Regency, Central Kalimantan community groups have been formed into the Nusa Sehati Peat Ecosystem Protection Control Working Team (TKPPEG). They serve as partners in managing peat ecosystem protection. Alongside peat ecosystem conservation, improving the community's economy is essential. One initiative is the cultivation of kelulut bees (Trigona Sp), which has not been optimally implemented, particularly in technical beekeeping and honey marketing. Thus, the kelulut cultivation business was developed through the Community Empowerment Lecturer Program (PDPPM) at the University of Palangka Raya. The program's objectives include increasing kelulut honey production, enhancing online marketing, and creating product branding. The implementation involved training, field practice, and mentoring. As a result, lulus bees cultivated with a two-week harvest cycle produced approximately 14.5 liters of honey. Branding efforts allowed Kelulut Honey to compete better in the market, and marketing was conducted via WhatsApp, Instagram, and Facebook. In conclusion, community partners succeeded in cultivating kelulut honeybees, created branding, and adopted online marketing techniques. Their beekeeping skills improved, and they learned the importance of logos, packaging, and product narratives. This extended their market reach, increased sales, and allowed access to non-local consumers.
Increasing Small Businesses in the Home Chips Industry by Boosting Quality and Market Reach
Authors: Ati Nurul Umi , Mahardhika Brahmadhita Pratama , Pinastika Prajna Paramita , Nuriyanti Ika , Ingsih Ita Suhermin
Published: February 2025

Small home industry businesses (UKMRT) play a crucial role in the economy by providing income for marginalized families with limited capital. In Kedungkandang, Malang City, UKMRT, especially cassava chip producers, face challenges such as limited equipment, a lack of hygienic production knowledge, and poor financial management. This study employed Participatory Action Research (PAR) to address these issues by engaging the community in problem identification and solution implementation. Training sessions focused on financial management, hygienic production techniques, and marketing strategies. Introducing modern cassava-cutting tools and improved packaging significantly enhanced production efficiency and product appeal. Results indicated increased production capacity, higher product quality, and improved financial practices among partners. The economic impact was evident as daily income for producers increased substantially, and marketing expanded beyond local markets from 200 thousand rupiahs per day to 500 thousand rupiahs. This holistic approach, integrating economic, social, and technological aspects, highlights the potential for significant socio-economic transformation in similar communities. Further geographical expansion and product diversification are recommended to sustain and enhance these positive outcomes. The study demonstrates a replicable model for community service that effectively addresses the multifaceted needs of small home industry businesses.
Training on Creating Simple Renewable Energy Projects Based on STEM -SDGs (Sustainable Development Goals) to Introduce SDG-Based Education
Authors: Muttaqin Muttaqin , Efwinda Shelly , Hakim Abdul , Syam Muliati , Palian Yolanda Oktavia
Published: February 2025

Energy is an important component in human life that is currently feared to be experiencing a shortage. This is because the main energy source used is fossil energy sources, which are limited and not environmentally friendly. This Community Service aims to introduce SDG-based education on the SDG's topic of using renewable energy sources to foster students' understanding and awareness of sustainable energy practices. This Community Service activity uses an Asset-Based Community Development (ABCD) approach, which focuses on identifying and utilizing the strengths and resources of the community and region, especially Samarinda, to support the integration of renewable energy education. This community service was carried out at State High School 4 Samarinda. The participants were all students from one of the classes who had or were taking subjects on renewable energy sources. The number of students who took part in this activity was 30 students. Data was obtained through project testing and questionnaires, which were distributed after the activities had been completed. The questionnaire consists of 10 questions, 8 of which are open questions. All groups succeeded in creating projects, and 86% of students responded positively to the SDGs. These results indicate that this educational activity has achieved its objectives regarding student understanding and awareness.
Supporting the Use of Flipbook Learning Source (FLS) in the Merdeka Curriculum to Provide Quality Teaching Materials
Authors: Wicaksono Iwan , Sutarto Sutarto , Hariyadi Slamet , Indrawati Indrawati
Published: February 2025

The Merdeka Curriculum is a diverse intra-curricular learning framework that maximizes content to allow learners ample time to understand concepts and strengthen competencies. This curriculum demands independence and creativity in teaching and learning, necessitating engaging and effective educational media. The FLS offers innovative solutions for creating interactive and engaging digital teaching materials. This study aims to assist teachers at Ma'arif Perintis 04 Senior High School in Tempurejo Village, Jember, in utilizing and implementing FLS to develop quality teaching materials in the era of the Merdeka Curriculum. The training activity approach is Participatory Rural Appraisal. With FLS, the learning process is expected to become more engaging, interactive, and effective, enhancing student interest and learning outcomes. The research methodology included identifying the needs and challenges faced by teachers in preparing teaching materials, training in flipbook creation using specific software, intensive mentoring in digital teaching material development, and evaluating and providing feedback on the created materials. The results indicated improved teachers' competencies in creating digital teaching materials using FLS. Teachers were able to produce appealing flipbooks that aligned with the Merdeka Curriculum standards. Moreover, using flipbooks in learning has increased student participation and motivation. Evaluations were conducted through observation, interviews, and questionnaires to assess the effectiveness of the training and the implementation of FLS in teaching. The findings show that this mentorship successfully improved the quality of the teaching materials. The hope for the future is that teachers can be more creative and innovative in creating learning in the classroom. Top of Form
Flipbook "Sexual Harassment" as a Digital-Based Counseling Service Media for Elementary School Children
Authors: Jamain Ririanti Rachmayanie , Sulistiyana Sulistiyana , Putro Hendro Yulius Suryo , Arsyad Muhammad , Isma Isma , Ramadhan Muhamad Rico
Published: February 2025

Education in Indonesia faces significant challenges related to three major issues known as the "three great sins of education," namely bullying, sexual violence, and intolerance. This article discusses the importance of sex education and sexual harassment prevention among students, particularly at the elementary school level. Through training with stages of planning, implementation, and evaluation in the form of a post-test questionnaire involving nine guidance and counselling teachers at SD IT Ukhuwah Banjarmasin, brainstorming methods and direct practice were applied to enhance understanding of sexual harassment and teachers' abilities to create digital-based service media, such as flipbooks. The training results showed an increase in participants' knowledge about sexual harassment issues and their ability to use flipbooks as a tool in counselling services. By utilizing technology, it is hoped that the younger generation can better understand and prevent sexual harassment actions, as well as create a safer and more supportive learning environment.
Implementation of the POE2WE Model in Classroom Action Research Training to Enhance Teacher Competence at a Quranic Science Boarding School
Authors: Nana Nana , Susanti Ernita , Makiyah Yanti Sofi , Sulistyaningsih Dwi , Sumantri Agus , Suniah Cici Nabila , Filiyani Rosa , Isani Julia , Komarudin Nanang
Published: February 2025

Classroom Action Research (CAR) enables teachers to enhance teaching quality and student achievement. In Tasikmalaya Regency, however, many teachers need help to develop CAR effectively, impacting learning outcomes. To address this, a CAR training program utilizing the POE2WE (Predict, Observe, Explain, Elaborate, Write, Evaluate) model was implemented through the Participatory Action Research (PAR) approach, fostering active teacher engagement. The training, targeting high school teachers in Tasikmalaya, focused on equipping participants to develop high-quality CAR. Results indicated significant improvements in teacher competence, with participants achieving high ratings in critical skills: discussion activity (3.8), prediction formulation (3.7), and self-evaluation (3.9). Over 90% of participants expressed satisfaction with training materials, instructor competency, and the applicability of theory to practice. These findings underscore the value of structured CAR skills enhancement for educational development in Tasikmalaya and beyond, recommending that future programs adopt adaptable models to meet evolving teacher needs in classroom outcomes.Top of Form
Dementia Pandemic: Socio-Economic Aspect
Authors: Klinova M.
Published: February 2025

The article is devoted to the growing worldwide socio-economic problem of long-term care for older people who need constant assistance, first of all with dementia and it’s most common form – Alzheimer’s disease. Coupled with demographic problems, namely a decline in the fertility, the increase in the number of patients with dementia is turning into a global societal problem worldwide. Against the backdrop of a declining working-age population, this topic goes beyond medical problems and becomes a serious challenge for Society and the State regardless of economic and social differences – not only in high-income countries of Europe and North America, but also in Global South. The long-term helping to such patients and the support of their families requires more and more resources of social security funds. The situation abroad in the field of care for people with dementia, possible ways of solving socio-economic problems that accompany the patients themselves and their families are presented. The state of affairs in this area, the growing burden on the social security system and the responsibility of the State are analyzed. In light of the impact of dementia on the socio-economic situation of individuals and society as a whole, in connection with the observed and projected increase in the number of such patients, the State is required to more actively participate in response emerging challenges. When writing the article, comparative-analytical, historical-genetic and prognostic methods of international comparisons were used. It is concluded that it is necessary to strengthen support from the State in solving the socio-economic problems caused by dementia.
Strengthening The BWC: Eurasian Outlook
Authors: Malygina A. , Zavriev S.
Published: February 2025

Strengthening the Biological Weapons Convention (BWC)1 remains a topical issue. Rapid developments in life sciences and the increasing number of private actors in the global biotechnology market present several challenges related to monitoring and preventing biological threats at national and global levels. In the half-century since the BWC was opened for signature, the structure of the biosecurity problem has become more complex compared to what the architects of the Convention understood it to be. In the current geopolitical climate, mutual distrust has increased, which has led to the politicization of issues related to the national implementation of the BWC. The issue of national compliance with the BWC has significantly complicated the intersessional program and the work of the Ninth BWC Review Conference. Against this backdrop, attempts by non-state actors to bolster the BWC regime by developing mechanisms of enhanced transparency alongside the Convention have significantly intensified. In international practice, there is a noticeable trend for coalitions of like-minded countries to create informal structures that are supported by voluntary donations. These formats are seen as an alternative to slow-paced classical multilateral disarmament diplomacy, which innovators believe is unable to reach consensus in times of acute geopolitical confrontation. Russia is committed to enhancing regional cooperation in the field of biosafety and biosecurity within the framework of the BWC. As it is seen from Moscow, strengthening the BWC and promoting international cooperation on biosafety and biosecurity are crucial for establishing a regional security architecture in Eurasia. Russian Federation currently promotes the concepts of biological sovereignty and collective biosecurity among members of the Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS) and the Collective Security Treaty Organization (CSTO). This article provides a brief overview of the evolution of efforts to strengthen the BWC, from the launch of negotiations on its development to the establishment of the Working Group on the Strengthening of the BWC in December 2022. The authors proceed to review practical steps taken by Russia in collaboration with other CSTO members aimed at creating a unified biosafety and biosecurity environment, and conclude by identifying some emerging challenges.
Introducing bromine to the molecular structure as a strategy for drug design
Authors: Potapskyi Eduard , Kustrzyńska Karolina , Łażewski Dawid , Skupin-Mrugalska Paulina , Lesyk Roman , Wierzchowski Marcin
Published: February 2025

Nowadays, the search for new pharmaceuticals has resulted in the development of thousands of new substances. One of the effective drug design strategies is to modify a previously obtained and studied substance. A very popular modification is the introduction of halogens into the structure of drugs, most often of which being fluorine or chlorine atoms. However, the introduction of bromine into the structure of a potential drug also has a number of advantages. A good example would be natural substances extracted from marine organisms, which have been studied and proven to be effective against various diseases, including antibiotic therapy of resistant bacteria. Numerous studies justify the usage of bromine and its isotopes in therapy (both in diagnostic imaging and radiotherapy). To better explain the impact of “bromination,” numerous researchers have described such a phenomenon as “halogen bond.” Due to the presence of the so-called “sigma-hole” in the halogen atom of an organic molecule, it is possible to form these bonds, which results in a change in intermolecular and intramolecular interactions. Such changes can favorably affect drug-target interactions. The advantages of “bromination” include an increase in therapeutic activity, a beneficial effect on the metabolism of the drug, and an increase in its duration of action. Besides, the phenomenon of the heavy atom effect can be used to increase the effectiveness of photodynamic therapy and radiosensitization. Unfortunately, “bromination” is not without it’s drawbacks, which may include increased toxic effects and accumulation in the organism.
Determinan stabilitas bank Islam: Analisis lintas negara
Authors: Hidayah Ikhdah Muharimatul , Nugrohowati Rindang Nuri Isnaini
Published: February 2025

Purpose – This study aims to analyze the factors that influence the stability of Islamic banks.Methods – The research method in this study is panel data regression using Islamic bank data in 12 countries during the period of the fourth quarter of 2016 to the first quarter of 2022. This study includes the COVID 19 variable to see its impact on bank stability.Findings – The results of the study indicate that the bank’s internal variables, namely CAR and ROA, have a positive effect on bank stability. The inflation variable, which describes macroeconomic conditions and the COVID 19 pandemic period, has a negative impact on stability. Meanwhile, the test results show that GDP does not significantly affect bank stability.Implications – Central banks and regulators need to improve supervision and regulation to ensure bank’s health. In addition, the government also needs to maintain macroeconomic conditions and take steps for post-pandemic economic recovery.Originality – This study contributes to banking policy in expanding bank resilience and stability.
AbstrakTujuan – Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi stabilitas bank Islam.Metode – Metode analisis dalam penelitian ini adalah regresi data panel dengan menggunakan data bank Islam di 12 negara selama periode kuartal 4 tahun 2016 sampai dengan kuartal satu 2022. Penelitian ini memasukan variable COVID 19 untuk melihat dampaknya bagi stabilitas bank.Temuan – Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa variable internal bank yaitu CAR dan ROA memiliki pengaruh positif terhadap stabilitas bank. Variabel inflasi yang menggambarkan kondisi makroekonomi serta periode pandemi COVID 19 memiliki dampak negatif terhadap stabilitas. Sementara itu, hasil pengujian menunjukkan bahwa GDP tidak berpengaruh signifikan terhadap stabilitas bank.Implikasi – Bank sentral dan regulator perlu meningkatkan pengawasan dan regulasi bagi perbankan untuk memastikan tingkat kesehatan bank. Disamping itu pemerintah juga perlu menjaga kondisi makroekonomi dan mengambil langkah untuk pemulihan ekonomi pasca pandemi.Orisinalitas – Penelitian ini berkontribusi terhadap kebijakan perbankan dalam memperkuat ketahanan dan stabilitas bank.
Pandemic Adaptation: Online Study Could be Interesting and Enjoyable with Games
Authors: Nugraheni Elizabeth , Ritunga Imelda , Harsa Cempaka
Published: February 2025

Adapting offline to online learning during the pandemic requires interactive design so that students can stay involved and achieve learning goals. Interactive and fun learning will motivate student learning. We design PBL learning using interactive and collaborative games in online meetings. The aim of this research is to see students' learning motivation in PBL using online games. This research is a cross-sectional descriptive class participation study. PBL games in the form of scenarios are presented in the form of online images with hidden keywords and students work together in groups to find solutions. First year students are asked to fill out the Intrinsic Motivation Inventory (IMI) questionnaire at the end of the PBL games activity. Students rated PBL games as fun (71%), beneficial (69%), and provided choices (33%). The increase in students' intrinsic motivation can be seen in the high percentage of fun and beneficial components. The PBL learning method using games can increase students' intrinsic motivation. Learning methods using games can be developed and used continuously so that learning is interesting and fun.
Legal Framework and Challenges Concerning Forensic Evidence in Nigeria
Authors: Wakili Saminu Abacha , Obisesan Olawunmi Opeyemi , Ekpenisi Collins , Antai Godswill Owoche , Umo Maria Edet
Published: February 2025

Forensic evidence cannot be avoided in modern legal systems; it is used principally for asserting justice. However, there are several challenges that implementing forensic evidence in the judicial processes faces in Nigeria. Attempts to address this persistent problem include issues such as the admissibility of forensic evidence in courts, lack of adequate forensic infrastructure, inadequate examinations, and a lot more procedural inconsistency. Hence, the need to examine the legal provision regarding forensic evidence in Nigeria, the identification of the main core challenges, and possible reform proposals to improve reliability and acceptance in audit processes. The study adopts a doctrinal study method, relying on primary and secondary sources of research material. The study therefore revealed gross loopholes within the corpus of legislation in Nigeria: highly limited statutory references on emerging forensic technologies, extremely few forensic laboratories, and inconsistencies in judiciary interpretation of forensic evidence. The study has further uncovered a critical blockage to the usage of forensic evidence, which is the lack of specialized training to law enforcement and judiciary officers. The study further concludes that the status of Nigeria as far as the advancement of forensic evidence is concerned is marginally high, but there are lots of things to be done. Legislative amendments are recommended to strengthen forensic vidence laws, investments in forensic infrastructure, and capacity-building initiatives for legal and law enforcement professionals. These measures are sure to strengthen the place of forensic evidence in the advancement of justice in Nigeria.
Vínculos escuela-territorio en áreas despobladas y de baja densidad demográfica
Authors: Rubio Terrado Pascual
Published: February 2025

Desde la premisa de que la escuela es un elemento estructurante del territorio y que la despoblación influye negativamente sobre la oferta de servicios públicos fundamentales a la población, el objetivo general del trabajo consiste en analizar los vínculos entre escuela y territorios despoblados y de baja densidad demográfica, por lo tanto, casi siempre rurales, en perspectivas estructural y locacional. Las fuentes utilizadas son el Registro Estatal de Centros Docentes no Universitarios, del Ministerio de Educación y Formación Profesional, el Nomenclator: Población del Padrón Continuo por Unidad Poblacional y la Estadística del Padrón Continuo, ambas del INE, el Sistema Integrado de Datos Municipales, del MITECO, y el Atlas Digital de las Áreas Urbanas de España, del MITMA. Los resultados de la investigación demuestran que la despoblación y la densidad de población influyen sobre la disponibilidad de dotaciones escolares y su distribución espacial, así como en la tipología de escuela y los procesos adaptativos experimentados por la organización escolar a los cambios habidos durante los últimos cincuenta años en las circunstancias del territorio.
Enantioselective Carbonylative Coupling Reactions: Merging Nickel-Based Selectivity and Photoredox Reactivity
Authors: Arndtsen Bruce , Chu Lingling , Li Ling , Hu Zhen , Ren Shuaikang
Published: February 2025

Transition metal-catalyzed carbonylative coupling reactions play a crucial role in the synthesis of functional molecules of use throughout pharmaceutical development, natural products, and material science.1,2 This utility is driven by both the efficiency of carbonylation chemistry and broad presence of the carbonyl functionality in most synthetic materials. Unfortunately, the development of enantioselective carbonylative coupling reactions to access the α-chiral motif found in most drugs is to date not viable. This has been attributed to the inhibitory influence of carbon monoxide, which both blocks the activation of pro-chiral alkyl halides and limits the efficacy of chiral ligand environments in modulating selectivity. Here we show how this challenge can be addressed via a conceptually alternative approach to such reactions, where the coupling of photoredox and chiral nickel catalysis can be employed to separate reactivity from stereocontrol. This combined strategy has enabled the first asymmetric carbonylative coupling of C(sp3) organic halides and the preparation of a diverse array of chiral amides with excellent enantioselectivity. These findings expand the scope of enantioselective catalysis and offer new possibilities for synthesizing chiral carbonyl-containing compounds with wide-ranging implications for drug discovery and synthetic chemistry.
A Multicentre Implementation Trial of an Artificial Intelligence-Driven Biomarker to Inform Shared Decisions for Androgen Deprivation Therapy in Men Undergoing Prostate Radiotherapy: The ASTuTE Protocol
Authors: Wegener Eric , Ng Michael , Guerrieri Mario , Showalter Timothy N. , Leon Jeremy , Ramani Sagar , Dreosti Marcus , Lim Tee , Wong Bradley , Chao Michael , Hogan Kathryn , Raman Avi , McClintock Scott , Foreman Darren , Brown Matthew , McCombie Stephen , McMillan Kevin , Beattie Kieran , Frydenberg Mark , Wong Lih-Ming , Hayne Dickon , Yaxley John , Stricker Phillip , Martin Jarad
Published: February 2025

Background
Androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) improves outcomes in men undergoing definitive radiotherapy for prostate cancer but carries significant toxicities. Clinical parameters alone are insufficient to accurately identify patients who will derive the most benefit, highlighting the need for improved patient selection tools to minimize unnecessary exposure to ADT's side effects while ensuring optimal oncological outcomes. The ArteraAI Prostate Test, incorporating a multimodal artificial intelligence (MMAI)-driven digital histopathology-based biomarker, offers prognostic and predictive information to aid in this selection. However, its clinical utility in real-world settings has yet to be measured prospectively.
Methods
This multicentre implementation trial aims to collect real-world data on the use of the previously validated Artera MMAI-driven prognostic and predictive biomarkers in men with intermediate-risk prostate cancer undergoing curative radiotherapy. The prognostic biomarker estimates the 10-year risk of metastasis, while the predictive biomarker determines the likely benefit from short-term ADT (ST-ADT). A total of 800 participants considering ST-ADT in conjunction with curative radiotherapy will be recruited from multiple Australian centers. Eligible patients with intermediate-risk prostate cancer, as defined by the National Comprehensive Cancer Network, will be asked to participate. The primary endpoint is the percentage of patients for whom testing led to a change in the shared ST-ADT recommendation, analyzed using descriptive statistics and McNemar's test comparing recommendations before and after biomarker testing. Secondary endpoints include the impact on quality of life and 5-year disease control, assessed through linkage with the Prostate Cancer Outcomes Registry. The sample size will be re-evaluated at an interim analysis after 200 patients.
Discussion
ASTuTE will determine the impact of a novel prognostic and predictive biomarker on shared decision-making in the short term, and both quality of life and disease control in the medium term. If the biomarker demonstrates a significant impact on treatment decisions, it could lead to more personalized treatment strategies for men with intermediate-risk prostate cancer, potentially reducing overtreatment and improving quality of life. A potential limitation is the variability in clinical practice across different centers inherent in real-world studies.
Trial Registration
Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry, ACTRN12623000713695p. Registered 5 July 2023.