bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Knee Osteoarthritis Severity in Relation to Neutrophil- Lymphocyte Ratio
Authors: Auday Hussain Hassan Al-Janaby
Published: September 2021

Background: Osteoarthritis is a disease with a significant inflammatory component. Neutrophil-lymphocyteratio (NLR) level is a marker to determine inflammation. The study aimed to evaluate the association betweenseverity of knee osteoarthritis and NLR.Methods: A case-control study conducted inAl-Zahrawiduring June 2017 to June 2018. A total of 100 kneeosteoarthritis were recruited and 50 healthy subjects as a control group.Results: NLR was significantly higher in knee osteoarthritis than controls, the mean vale was (2.19±0.72)and (1.97±0.88), respectively. Older age, chronic pain, prolong onset of diagnosis and high NLRweresignificantly associated with severe osteoarthritis.Conclusions: Knee osteoarthritis had higher NLR compared to healthy people. Higher NLR is associatedwith severity of knee osteoarthritis and it is a poor indicator.
Bronchodilator Effect of Crataegus azarolus var aronia Unripped Fruit Extracts on Rat’s Tracheal Smooth Muscle
Authors: Aveen A. Mohammed  , Omar A. M. Al-Habib
Published: September 2021

Objectives: The present study aimed to investigate the bronchodilator effect of different Crataegus azarolusvar aronia unripped fruit extracts on tracheal smooth muscle of rats and to study the roles of K channels andEDHFs in produced responses.Background: Crataegus is widely used in Kurdistan Region for the prevention of several diseases suchas respiratory, cardiovascular, hypertension …. etc. due to its content of several bioactive compounds likearomatic amines, phenolic acid, flavonoids, and proanthocyanidins.Method: The bronchodilator effects of various Crataegus fruit’s extracts on rat’s tracheal rings and the rolesof K+, Ca2+ channels and EDHFs in bronchodilation using specific blockers.Results: Most of Crataegus fruit’s extracts used showed a potent bronchodilator effect on trachea, in whichthe HME produced a highly significant dilation, followed by methanol and ethyl acetate extracts whichshowed a considerable relaxant effect. The results confirmed that the induced dilation was NO and PGI2dependent, along with activations of KATP and Kir and Kca while Kv plays a minor and limited role.Conclusion: The novel results indicate that HM, M, EA extracts prepared from Crataegus unripped fruitproduce a potent bronchodilator effect, which was NO and PGl2 dependent along with the activation of KATP,Kir and Kca2+ channels.
Effect of Murotal Sound Stimulation during Pregnancy on the Number of Neuron Cells of Cerebrum and Cerebellum of the Newborn Rattus norvegicus
Authors: Ayu Putri Yani  , Hermanto Tri Joewono  , Widjiati
Published: September 2021

Background: The human development index (HDI) illustrates how superior human resources are. Thestimulation of Murotal during growth and development has been shown to increase cell growth in plants.The aim of the study was to analyze the effect of the differences againts the number of neuron cell’s in thecerebrum and cerebellum Rattus norvegicus offspring between those who received Al-quran Murottal surahAr-Rahman stimulation, Qori and Qoriah sounds voice in pregnancy day of 6th. Methods: An Experimentalstudy using 30 pregnant (Rattus norvegicus). Subjects were randomized into three groups, control group(Q1), voice of Qori group (Q2), and voice of Qoriah group (Q3). sound stimulation was given on 6th-17thdays of pregnancy. From each mother, two Newborn of Rattus norvegicus were taken to make preparationsfrom brain tissue. Eosin Hematocycline was performed to assess number of neuron cells. Results : Thestudy shows that the mean and standard deviation of the number neuron cells cerebrum and cerebellum inthe control group is 9.88 ± 1.71 and 21.10 ± 2.11, the voice qori group is 10.16 ± 1.01 and 22.46 ± 1.71,and the voice qoriah group 11.12 ± 1.52 and 22.50 ± 1.76. ANOVAs statistical test results show there isno significant differences among groups with a value of p = 0.152 in the cerebrum and p=0.183 in thecerebellum. Conclusion : Murotal sound stimulation during pregnancy increased the number of neuron cellsin the cerebrum and cerebellum of newborn rats.
Increased Corticosterone Levels due to Chronic Stress Reduces IGF-II Expression in Rattus norvigecus
Authors: Ade Septiari Rahman  , Reny I’tishom  , Ashon Sa’adi
Published: September 2021

The optimal folliculogenesis process describes a good condition of the female reproductive system.One of the main growth factors in the folliculogenesis is IGF-II which is important for proliferation anddifferentiation of granulosa cells and also steroidogenesis. Chronic stress can cause ovulation failure andfolliculogenesis disorders. Increased corticosterone levels due to chronic stress will cause disruption in the
The Gloves as Effective Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) of Indonesian Batik Workers
Authors: Cita Rosita Sigit Prakoeswa  , Damayanti  , Sylvia Anggraeni  , Menul Ayu Umborowati  , Sri Awalia Febriana
Published: September 2021

Background: Batik substances may increase the risk of biological function disruption to batik workers.Objective: To Determine the effectiveness of using test gloves in transepidermal water loss (TEWL), skinhydration level, and skin acidity (pH).Methods: This study was one group pretest-posttest design of 16 batik workers. Subjects use test glovesmade from neoprene on right hands and personal gloves made from thermoplastic polymer of vinyl chlorideon left hands in first and second week. Washed out for 2 weeks, last 2 weeks use test gloves on left handand personal gloves on right hand. TEWL, skin hydration level, and pH was examined by Cutometer dualMP-580Result: First and second week using test gloves on the right hand, significantly differences of TEWL levelon extensor and dorsum manus; skin hydration level on flexor, extensor, palmar, and dorsum manus; pHon extensor, palmar and dorsum manus (p<0.05; CI 95%). Fifth and sixth week using test gloves in theleft hand, significantly difference of TEWL level on dorsum manus, all area of skin hydration level and pHresults (p<0.05; CI 95%). No significant differences of comparison right and left hand in the first, second,fifth, and sixth week, that showed any types of gloves can protect batik workers from skin barrier disruption.Conclusion: Personal gloves and test gloves usage for protection doesn’t have much significant difference.Wearing gloves may also give risk to trigger contact dermatitis if not used properly or using incompatiblematerial.
Correlation between Gestational Weight Gain in the Second and Third Trimester and Preeclampsia Risk: A Study From Indonesia
Authors: Ernawati Ernawati  , Lilis Kurniawati  , Sri Umijati
Published: September 2021

Introduction: Many studies have proposed that pre-pregnancy body mass index and higher gestationalweight gain (GWG) during pregnancy are risk factors for preeclampsia incidence. However, most of thosestudies give attention to total GWG during pregnancy to the risk of preeclampsia, not in a specific trimester.Aim: To examine whether abnormal gestational weight gain in the second and third trimester correlated withthe incidence of preeclampsiaMethods: This cross-sectional study was conducted in a public health centre, in Surabaya, Indonesia,between October 2018 and October 2019. The samples were 63 pregnant women in the second and thirdtrimester. The variable observed was gestational weight gain (GWG) each week during the second and thirdtrimester compared to their pre-pregnancy body mass index (BMI) using the Institute of Medicine (IOM)standards and preeclampsia incidence. Statistical analysis used was Fisher’s Exact Test and Chi-Square Testwith a significance level of 5%.Results: There were 11 and 52 samples in the second and third trimester, respectively. Abnormal weightgain was recorded in 54% of samples in the second trimester and 57% of the preeclampsia third-trimestersamples. Moreover, preeclampsia was diagnosed in 83.3% and 60% samples with abnormal weight gain inthe second trimester and third trimester. Statistical analysis showed abnormal weight gain in the second andthird trimester related to preeclampsia with P-values 0.015 and 0.0001.Conclusion: Abnormal gestational weight gain in the second and third trimester was correlated topreeclampsia.
The Role Sonographic Imaging Features in the Prediction of Necrotizing Enterocolitis Outcomes in Neonatal Patients
Authors: Hayder Neamah Hassan
Published: September 2021

Necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) is a devastating inflammatory disease of the intestinal tract that representsasignificant source of morbidity and mortality in preterm infants. The objective of the current study is tofind out the correlation between sonographic imaging features and the outcomes of necrotizing enterocolitisin children , and their role as a predictive tool for the consequences resulted from necrotizing enterocolitis.Thirty two children (patients) have been included in this study, patients were divided into three groupsaccording to the follow up outcomes: those that been recovered (Group I), those that needed surgery (GroupII) , and those that died (Group III). The study was achieved at Al-Zahra Teaching Hospital in Al-NajafCity, in Iraq , during the period between December 2020 to March 2021 .The results showed that there is asignificant difference (P value <0.05) among the three groups in terms of the following items : fluid-filleddilated bowel loop, decreased peristaltic movement, focal fluid collection , portal gas .The study concludedthat the presence of Fluid-filled dilated bowel loop, peristaltic movement, local fluid collection , portal gascan be considered as predictive tool for the poor outcomes of necrotizing enterocolitis .
Recent Perspectives and Upcoming Directions in Molecular Diagnosis of Malaria: A Systematic Review
Authors: Ola S. H. Almusaddar  , Cyuzuzo Callixte
Published: September 2021

Background: Malaria remains a global leading cause of morbidity and mortality. The absence of effectivevaccines is still the vital hindrance to the management and elimination of malaria. From that standpoint,accurate laboratory diagnosis could be the right hand for disease management. Objective: This reviewintended to assess the recent perspectives and upcoming directions in molecular diagnosis of malaria.Methods: This review was conducted by using internet searching tools where 35 published papers wereretrieved from the credible online publishers and among them, 27 papers that satisfy the inclusion criteriawere profoundly reviewed.Results: Among the 27 articles, 22(81.48 %) papers focus on contribution of PCR based-method in malariadiagnosis, 4(14.8%) report on comparison between polymerase chain reaction(PCR) and other moleculartechniques, 7(30%) emphasize on advantages and disadvantages of PCR, 4(14.8%) represent relationshipamong PCR and LAMP, 3(11%) discuss the most promising molecular diagnostic tools, 5(18%) focus oncomparative designs of different PCR methods, whereas 1(3.7%) emphasizes on parasite density and 2(7%)on pigment containing monocyte.Conclusion: This review conclude that microscopy remains the gold standard method for malaria diagnosisand speciation in limited resource settings but also molecular based-methods provide significant alternativeswith superior sensitivity and specificity.
A Review on the Detection of Skull by Forensic Analysis
Authors: J.Tracy Tina Angelina  , Bathula Murali Krishna  , A.R.Revathi  , S.R.Preethi
Published: September 2021

Skull identification is extremely important in today’s society, especially in medico-legal circumstances. As aresult, all technological advancements in this field can contribute to the growing need for precise and robusttools that allow for the establishment and verification of human identity. Identification of skulls when all otherproof and evidence are destroyed or limited requires the usage of facial reconstruction for the forensic team.The facial graphics serve as an emphasis for public attention to specifics of the case to generate additionalinvestigative guidance. The physical appearance of the face is at its best a significant cause for the purposefulidentification and communication to the investigating authorities of knowledge. Human identification is oneof the most remarkable approaches in the field of forensic medicine. The identification mission is performedin the field of forensic anthropology by the examination of the skeletal remains. Anthropologists have beenpaying attention to improve the techniques that allow accurate and clearer identification. Therefore, forensicidentification has become an active field of study and skull detection has emerged as a vital source foridentification. Skull identification is attracted and applied in many forensic areas. This review articleis asummation of the various facial reconstruction approaches and their role in forensic science to identify theindividual.
A Study to Assess the Effectiveness of Planned Teaching Program on Knowledge Regarding Electro Convulsive Therapy among Patient’s Relatives Undergoing ECT in Selected Hospitals in Vadodara
Authors: Kiran Patel  , Seema Boresa  , Mural Christian
Published: September 2021

Background of Study: Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) is a safe and efficacious treatment; there is awidespread negative view of electroconvulsive therapy in public and professional circles. Clinical experienceand research have resulted in continued improvements to the efficacy and safety of electro convulsivetherapy. It is necessary to conduct research on this basis to modify the misconceptions and prejudices aboutthe electroconvulsive therapy1.Objectives: 1. To assesses the existing level of knowledge regarding electro convulsive therapy amongpatient’s relatives undergoing ECT.2. To determine the effectiveness of planned teaching on knowledgeregarding electro convulsive therapy among patient’s relatives undergoing ECT.3. To find out associationbetween pre test knowledge scores of patients relatives with their selected demographic variables.Methodology: Quantitative Research Approach was use with 2 Group pre test & Post test Design. Theinvestigator used pre-experimental one group pre-test post-test research design. Purposive samplingtechnique used for Selecting 30 Samples. The Structural questioners Used Check knowledge of ECT before& after administration of planned teaching program.Results: Analysis of paired t test is done to assess the effectiveness of planned teaching on knowledgeregarding electroconvulsive therapy. Researcher has found t value= 24.853 thus the obtained t value inthis study is more than the table value of t test at 0.05 level of significance. Hence the obtained t valueis significant. So it reveals that planned teaching on knowledge regarding electroconvulsive therapy isimproved in knowledge among patient’s relatives.
Utility of Percutaneous Endoscopic Gastrostomy for Nutritional Supportin Patients with Oropharyngeal Dysphagia
Authors: Madhavan Iyengar  , Niket Attarde  , Arpan Shah  , Pooja Shah  , Poornima. V.
Published: September 2021

Background & Objectives: Maintenance of nutrition status of a patient is of paramount importance toclinicians treating medical or surgical diseases. Enteral nutrition is preferred over parental nutrition inpatients who are unable to swallow. Percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy (PEG) is the preferred routeof nutritional support in patients with a functional gastrointestinal system who require long-term enteralnutrition and are unable to maintain oral intake. PEG offers superior access to the gastrointestinal systemover surgical methods.We aim to see utility of percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy (PEG) for nutritional support in patientswith oropharyngeal dysphagia secondary to neurological deficits and its effect on the quality of life of thesepatients.Methodology: we studied retrospectively 25 patients with neurological oropharyngeal dysphagia in last 2years needing PEG insertion. We reviewed data of the patients for 3 months post insertion of PEG. Studywas based on body weight, haemoglobin and serum albumin level prior to and after PEG. All complicationsincluding sepsis, perforation, hemorrhage and death were recorded.Results: Our study showed significant improvement in levels of hemoglobin, albumin and weight gain afterPercutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy. There were no major complication.Conclusion: Percutaneous EndoscopicGastrostomy is an easy procedure that can be done bedside withoutcomplications in patients with neurological deficit. It improves nutritional status of the patient and alsoprevents aspiration pneumonia in patients with good gastric motility.
Self-management of Elderly Patients with Osteoarthritic Knee on Recovery Outcomes
Authors: Magda M. Mohsen  , Nabila E.Sabola  , Nagwa I. El-khayat  , Entsar A. Abd El-Salam
Published: September 2021

Background: Knee osteoarthritis accounts for almost four fifths of the burden of worldwide. It is the leadingcause of mobility impairment, disability and loss of function in older adults. This study aimed to examine theeffectiveness of self-management of elderly patients with osteoarthritic knee on recovery outcomes.Material and methods: A quasi- experimental design was utilized to conduct this study. The study wascarried out at outpatient clinic of Shebin- Elkom University and Educational Hospital, and then they werefollowing up at their homes. 100 elderly patients were selected who met inclusion and exclusion criteria.Aconstructed interviewing questionnaire, arthritis self-efficacy scale, and Western Ontario and McMasterUniversities Osteoarthritis (WOMAC) index were used to collect the data.Results: there was increase in the mean total pain self-efficacy score, and other symptoms self-efficacyscore in study group than control group.There was decrease in the mean total physical function WOMACscore in study group than control group after intervention.Conclusion: Implementation of self-management for elderly patients was effective in managementsymptoms of knee osteoarthritis among study group compared to control group.
A Cross Sectional Study of Deaths Due to Snakebite: Autopsied at a Tertiary Care Centre, Hubballi
Authors: Mahesh M Devadas  , Vijay N Tasgaonkar  , Suresh Kumar Karthikean  , Anand Patil
Published: September 2021

Worldwide, Snakebite is an important and preventable health hazard in many of the tropical and subtropicalcountries. Death following snake bite is a cumulative effect of all the toxic reactions that are producedby the snake venom in the body of the victim.1Globally it is estimated that the true incidence of snakeenvenomation could exceed 3 million per year and about 1,00,000 of these develop severe sequelae. Withthis background, a study has been conducted to determine the pattern of snakebite death cases, autopsied atKIMS, Hubballi, Karnataka. The study revealed that maximum number of snakebite cases were recorded inthe rainy season (34.9%) followed by the winter season (31.7%).In a greater number of cases the incidenceof snake bite occurred predominantly in lower limb (54%) as compared to upper limb (46%).Peak incidenceof snake bite was recorded in the time between 08:00 am to 04:00 pm (41.3%) followed by 04:00 pmto midnight (30.2%). Majority of the cases were declared dead (47.61%) within 24 hours of initiation ofanti-snake venom. The cause of death in majority of the study population was respiratory failure (92.06%)followed by shock (7.93%).
Topical Application of Povidone Iodine to Minimize Post Appendectomy Wound Infection
Authors: Mamoon Othman Khalid Alabdulla  , Asaad Mohammed Kadhim  , Hussein Abduljabbar Shihab Al-Katrani
Published: September 2021

Background: Despite the use of prophylactic antibiotic and sterilization techniques and nemours methodsof wound care, post appendectomy wound infection is still high.Methods: Arandomized controlstudy (RCS) has been implied to prove, whether uses of povidone iodinejust prior to wound suturing could decrease surgical wound infection rates after surgery for appendectomy.Atotal number of 120 patients operated for cute appendicitis with open appendectomy at AL-MawaniTeachingHospital during the period from march 2016 to October 2020.Results: After appendectomy patients was randomize into three groups, group A which include 40 patientsthe subcutaneous tissue was irrigated with 1% diluted povidone-iodine solution before skin closure.Group B which contained other 40 patients the wound has been washed with normal saline, and in groupC(controlgroup) no irrigation was done.All patients were followed for surgical site infection according toSouthampton wound grade system for ten days after surgery.In this study we notice that areductionhappenedin the number of wound infection in group Acompare with group B and C.Conclusion: The uses of povidone iodine 1% before skin closure is an effective method in reducing the rateof infection of the wound after surgery for acute appendicitis.
Building resilient education systems: A rapid review of the education in emergencies literature
Authors: Tarricone Pina , Mestan Kemran , Teo Ian
Published: September 2021

The COVID-19 pandemic has highlighted the vulnerabilities and inequalities of national education systems and hindered the education of millions of children globally. In response, the Global Education Monitoring (GEM) Centre, which is a long-term, strategic partnership between the Australian Council for Educational Research (ACER) and the Australian Government’s Department of Foreign Affairs and Trade (DFAT), undertook a rapid review of literature to support policymakers. The research has six evidence-based outcomes that can help policymakers to build resilient education systems and thereby enhance education quality and equity during emergencies. The COVID-19 emergency provided the impetus for this research, with much of the reported data associated with this pandemic. Learnings from past education in emergencies situations have informed the understandings of the impacts and implications of the COVID-19 emergency, and have been synthesised with the COVID-19 literature to inform policymakers about how to build resilient education systems. This report presents evidence relating to two main types of emergencies affecting education: natural disasters and communicable disease, and political conflicts. Both types of emergencies can also coalesce within the same education system, resulting in complex and often protracted emergencies. This review found that emergencies impact education in two main ways: endangering children’s wellbeing, and exacerbating unequal learning outcomes.
Neue Regelungen im Umweltrecht
Authors: Herger Peter , Ernst Ludolf
Published: September 2021

Die VBU-Regionalgruppe Berlin-Brandenburg-Mecklenburg-Vorpommern (B-BB-MV) informierte auf einer bundesweiten Veranstaltung über Neues im Umweltrecht.
SPECIFICITY OF THE ACTION OF SILENCE IN JAPANESE COMMUNICATION CULTURE
Authors:   Doctor Of Philology Of Philosophy, Associate Professor Tashkent State University Of Oriental Studies Tashkent, Uzbekistan, Khalmurzaeva Nadira Tashmirzaevna , Omonov Qudratulla Sharipovich ,   Doctor Of Philology, Professor Tashkent State University Of Oriental Studies Tashkent, Uzbekistan, Rikhsieva Gulchekhra Shavkatovna ,   Doctor Of Philology Of Philosophy, Associate Professor Tashkent State University Of Oriental Studies Tashkent, Uzbekistan, Mirzakhmedova Khulkar Vasilovna ,   Doctor Of Philology Of Philosophy, Associate Professor Tashkent State University Of Oriental Studies Tashkent, Uzbekistan
Published: September 2021

The Japanese are always wary of what they say, fearing of hurting the feelings of others, and often even use silent gestures to get along with their interlocutors. Therefore, in Japanese discourse, communication is determined not only by words, but also by the actions of silence. This article describes the peculiarities of the operation of silence in the Japanese language culture. In this regard, first of all, the features, role and tasks of silence in Japanese discourse are considered. It is also supposed to consider silence as an action and take into account the ambiguity of its interpretation. On the other hand, studying the classification of the action of silence helps to understand the behavior of silence that occurs in discourse. The article examines the culture of silence in terms of dynamic and spiritual interaction and finds that the interpretation of the action of silence can be understood on several levels, given the perspective of interaction between speaker and listener. That is, it is assumed that the meaning of the action of silence can be classified as an action that allows for multilevel interpretation.
“DEVONU LUGOTIT TURK” AND UZBEK DIALECTS
Authors:   Professor, Tashkent State University Of Uzbek Language And Literature Named After Alisher Navoi, Uzbekistan, Abdushukurov Bakhtiyor
Published: September 2021

The article examines "Devonu lugotit turk" and Uzbek dialects, and acknowledges Mahmud Kashgari's special services in this regard. The valuable importance of "Devon" in dialectology is highlighted. Each example is explained based on the lexemes available in the fraternal peoples, effectively using a number of linguistic methods, such as comparative, comparative-historical. The commonalities and differences related to the reflection of words in the dialects and their presentation in Devon are analyzed.
Pengaruh Kemampuan Praktek Mata Kuliah Teknologi Motor Bensin Terhadap Kesiapan Menghadapi Praktek Kerja Industri Mahasiswa Pendidikan Teknik Otomotif Universitas Muhammadiyah Purworejo
Authors: Subekti Adi , Susanto Arif
Published: September 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk: Mengetahui apakah ada pengaruh kemampuan praktek mata kuliah Teknologi Motor Bensin dan untuk mengetahui seberapa besar pengaruhnya terhadap kesiapan menghadapi praktek kerja industri mahasiswa Pendidikan Teknik Otomotif semester IV tahun 2020/2021 Universitas Muhammadiyah Purworejo. Jenis Penelitian ini adalah Ex Post Facto dengan jumlah populasi 32 siswa semester 4 Pendidikan Teknik Otomotif Universitas Muhammadiyah Purworejo. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kuisioner dan juga dokumentasi. Validasi kuisioner yang akan diberikan kepada subyek berupa angket yang terlebih dahulu diberikan kepada ahli dan menggunakan skala Likert empat pilihan jawaban untuk mengukur kesiapan kesiapan siswa menghadapi prakerin. Data dari kemampuan praktik diperoleh dengan metode dokumentasi diambil dari database nilai pihak sekolah. Analisis data hasil penelitian menggunakan analisis deskriptif. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa, Variabel kemampuan praktik mata kulian Teknologi Motor Bensin berpengaruh signifikan terhadap kesiapan praktek kerja industri mahasiswa Pendidikan Teknik Otomotif Universitas Muhammadiyah Purworejon 2020/2021. Berdasarkan hasil pengujian, pengaruh kemampuan praktik Teknologi Motor Bensin terhadap kesiapan siswa menghadapi prakerin diperoleh data hasil uji regresi sebesar 0,001, hasil uji koefisien korelasi sebesar 0,001 dengan taraf 1% dan hasil uji t sebesar thitung 3,591 lebih besar dari ???????????????????????? 2,005. Dari data tersebut dapat disimpulkan bahwa variabel kemampuan praktek teknologi motor bensin berpengaruh sebesar 1% pada kesiapan prakerin mahasiswa Pendidikan Teknik Otomotif Universitas Muhammadiyah Purworejo tahun 2020/2021.
PENGARUH BERAT ROLLER CVT DAN PEGAS PULLEY RACING PADA MOTOR YAMAHA MIO J/GT 2014
Authors: AL Ilham Asta , Haniffudin Haniffudin , Saefi Sony , Nasrullah Hamid
Published: September 2021

Tujuan dari penelitian ini membandingkan suatu nilai gaya sentrifugal, kecepatan maksimum, dan percepatan maksimum kendaraan yang dihasilkan oleh per CVT dan roller CVT. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode eksperimen, dengan mengubah roller 9,5 gram menjadi 8 gram, dan mengubah per CVT standard menjadi CVT racing 1500 Rpm. Sehingga mendapatkan nilai perbandingan CVT standard dengan CVT yang telah dimodifikasi. Pengujian mengunakan alat dynotes untuk mendapatkan nilai daya, dan torsi yang dihasilkan kendaraan. Dari data yang diperoleh sebelum di modifikasi memiliki nilai power 8,3 HP pada putaran mesin 5415 Rpm dan torque sebesar 14,81 Nm pada putaran mesin 3486 Rpm, setelah dimodifikasi mendapatkan nilai power 8,4 HP pada putaran 4498 Rpm dan torque sebesar 15,08 Nm pada putaran 3665 Rpm. Dari data tersebut dapat disimpulkan, setelah dimodifikasi nilai power dan torque mengalami perubahan pada kecepatan kendaraan.
Do Hotels Benefit from Hosting IIHF World Championships?
Authors: Chalupa Stepan , Petricek Martin
Published: September 2021

This paper
focuses on the impact of hosting of IIHF World Championship on the local hotel
market using the case of Prague (IIHF World Championship 2015) and Bratislava
(IIHF World Championship 2011). Many previous studies were focused on the
impact of hosting mega sports and cultural events on destination perception and
visit rate during and after the event, perception of hosting these events by
residents or the effect on the local economy. Using unique daily empirical data
collected from 95 Prague hotels and 25 Bratislava hotels, key findings of this
study show lack of long-run positive impact but a high short-run (immediate)
effect. In the case of Prague, the main increase of market performance can be
identified during the final stage of the tournament, mainly in selling room
rates; for Bratislava, the significant effect was determined during the whole
tournament, and the entire market never reached the same level of performance.
The study shows the need to examine these effects further, emphasizing more variables
like seasonality and market segmentation, revenue management, and destination
management.
PENGEMBANGAN LIFE SKILL UNTUK KEMANDIRIAN ANAK DI PANTI ASUHAN BUDI UTOMO MUHAMMADIYAH METRO
Authors: Alfarisi Salman , Ari Saputra
Published: September 2021

Tujuan penelitian: Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengungkap bagaimana pengembangan life skill untuk kemandirian anak di Panti Asuhan Budi Utomo Muhammadiyah Metro.  Metode penelitian, jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian lapangan (field research), yaitu penelitian dan pengambilan datanya dilakukan di lapangan, dengan menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan metode deskriptif kualitatif . Hasil penelitian, Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, Panti Asuhan Budi Utomo Muhammadiyah Metro telah berusaha melakukan kegiatan-kegiatan yang dapat mengembangkan Life Skill untuk kemandirian Anak-anak asuhnya. Pengembangan life skill untuk kemandirian anak-anak asuh tersebut paling tidak dilakukan dengan cara pengembangan Life Skill untuk Kemandirian Anak Melalui pendidikan baik agama maupun umum, melalui keterampilan komunikasi, melalui tata boga, melaui pertanian, melalui Kesenian, dan melalui peternakan.
MANAGEMENT OF COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT DA'WAH
Authors: Lubis Zulkarnain
Published: September 2021

Manajemen Pengembangan Masyarakat adalah suatu upaya memadukan ide-ide beserta gagasan-gagasan baru dengan membentuk pengorganisasian, perencanaan dan memanfaatkan sumber daya yang ada untuk merubah masyarakat ke keadaan yang lebih baik.

Dakwah dalam Islam adalah sebuah upaya untuk mengajak manusia kepada jalan yang benar yang diridhai oleh Allah SWT. Dakwah masa kini tidak cukup dimaknai sebagai aktivitas amar ma’ruf nahi mungkar saja, tetapi lebih jauh dakwah dapat dimaknai sebagai upaya untuk menciptakan memaslahatan hidup manusia sesuai bidang yang digelutinya masing-masing. Dakwah dan perkembangan masyarakat tidak dapat dipisahkan, karena sasaran dakwah dalam Islam adalah manusia tanpa kecuali. Manusia, secara sosiologis cultural selalu mengalami perubahan-perubahan, disinilah dakwah berperan sebagai agen perubahan masyarakat yang selalu menuntun manusia kea rah yang lebih baik.

Masyarakat dalam kehidupan selalu mengalami perubahan dan perubahan itu tidak selalu lebih baik bahkan terjadi sebaliknya. Manusia akan mengalami krisis identitas dirinya sebagai makhluk yang mulia disisi Allah, karena itu dakwah juga mengalami perubahan sesuai dengan transformasi sosial yang berkembang seiring dengan kemajuan ilmu pengetahuan dan teknologi.

Dalam era teknologi saat ini sudah selayaknya masyarakat Islam menunjukkan eksistensinya dimata dunia. Perkembangan masyarakat Islam dituntut dalam segala bidang dan tetap berpegang teguh pada cita-cita dan perjuangan Rasulullah dalam dakwah Islam. Untuk membuktikan perkembangan masyarakat Islam tersebut bukan saja dengan jalan dakwah bil-lisan tetapi lebih ditunjukkan dengan dakwah bil-hal.
CASH CONVERSION CYCLE SENSITIVITY BY MODERATING ROLE OF EXCHANGE RATES VOLATILITY ON FIRM’S FINANCIAL PERFORMANCE
Authors: Hussain Sarfraz , Golam Hassan Asan Ali , Quddus Abdul , Rafiq Muhammad , Nguyen Van Chien
Published: September 2021

The cycle of cash conversion relates to the time spread between the value of cash paid for purchases and the cash receipt from turnover. Using the State Bank of Pakistan data, this study introduces the direct and moderating role of the exchange rate, effective through the efficient execution of the cash conversion cycle between Pakistani 302 manufacturing companies from 1999–2015. Using the fixed effect as the static panel model and system GMM as a dynamic panel, it is observed that the exchange rate plays an authoritative moderating role between the cash conversion cycle and the financial performance. Results of the investigation have shown that in static panel analysis with the cash conversion period, the exchange rate has a positive and substantial moderating effect on return on assets and return on equity whereas that ER has a major negative impact on return on assets and return on equity using dynamic panel data analysis GMM. The issue of endogeneity in the static panel is addressed using the advanced approach of the standard error of the panel correction standard error method that changed the position of the significance of the moderator variable. Observers, therefore, intend to evaluate the fluctuations in the exchange rate as one of the variables of the financial output moderator in the context of current metrics such as asset’s returns, equity’s returns and gain more practical expression within their investigated results.
GRB 170817A Afterglow from a Relativistic Electron–Positron Pair Wind Observed Off-axis
Authors: Li Long , Dai Zi-Gao
Published: September 2021

A relativistic electron–positron (e
+
e
−) pair wind from a rapidly rotating, strongly magnetized neutron star (NS) would interact with a gamma-ray burst (GRB) external shock and reshape afterglow emission signatures. Assuming that the merger remnant of GW170817 is a long-lived NS, we show that a relativistic e
+
e
− pair wind model with a simple top-hat jet viewed off-axis can reproduce multiwavelength afterglow lightcurves and superluminal motion of GRB 170817A. The Markov Chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) method is adopted to obtain the best-fitting parameters, which give the jet half-opening angle θ

j
≈ 0.12 rad, and the viewing angle θ

v
≈ 0.23 rad. The best-fitting value of θ

v
is close to the lower limit of the prior that is chosen based on the gravitational-wave and electromagnetic observations. In addition, we also derive the initial Lorentz factor Γ0 ≈ 49 and the isotropic kinetic energy E
K,iso ≈ 1× 1052 erg. Consistency between the corrected on-axis values for GRB 170817A and typical values observed for short GRBs indicates that our model can also reproduce the prompt emission of GRB 170817A. An NS with a magnetic field strength B

p
≈ 1.6 × 1013 G is obtained in our fitting, indicating that a relatively low thermalization efficiency η ≲ 10−3 is needed to satisfy observational constraints on the kilonova. Furthermore, our model is able to reproduce a late-time shallow decay in the X-ray lightcurve, and predicts that the X-ray and radio flux will continue to decline in the coming years.
Limitations of the Ca ii 8542 Å Line for the Determination of Magnetic Field Oscillations
Authors: Felipe Tobias , Socas Navarro Hector , Sangeetha C. R. , Milic Ivan
Published: September 2021

Chromospheric umbral oscillations produce periodic brightenings in the core of some spectral lines, known as umbral flashes. They are also accompanied by fluctuations in velocity, temperature, and, according to several recent works, magnetic field. In this study, we aim to ascertain the accuracy of the magnetic field determined from inversions of the Ca ii 8542 Å line. We have developed numerical simulations of wave propagation in a sunspot umbra. Synthetic Stokes profiles emerging from the simulated atmosphere were computed and then inverted using the NICOLE code. The atmospheres inferred from the inversions have been compared with the original parameters from the simulations. Our results show that the inferred chromospheric fluctuations in velocity and temperature match the known oscillations from the numerical simulation. In contrast, the vertical magnetic field obtained from the inversions exhibits an oscillatory pattern with a ∼300 G peak-to-peak amplitude, which is absent in the simulation. We have assessed the error in the inferred parameters by performing numerous inversions with slightly different configurations of the same Stokes profiles. We find that when the atmosphere is approximately at rest, the inversion tends to favor solutions that underestimate the vertical magnetic field strength. On the contrary, during umbral flashes, the values inferred from most of the inversions are concentrated at stronger fields than those from the simulation. Our analysis provides a quantification of the errors associated with the inversions of the Ca ii 8542 Å line and suggests caution with the interpretation of the inferred magnetic field fluctuations.
Formation of Multiple Populations of M5 (NGC 5904)
Authors: Lee Jae-Woo
Published: September 2021

With our new Ca-CN-CH-NH photometry, we revisit the globular cluster (GC) M5. We find that M5 is a mono-metallic GC with a small metallicity dispersion. Our carbon abundances show that the σ[C/Fe] of the M5 CN-s population, with depleted carbon and enhanced nitrogen abundances, is significantly large for a single stellar population. Our new analysis reveals that the M5 CN-s population is well described by the two stellar populations: the CN-sI, being the major CN-s component, with the intermediate carbon and nitrogen abundance and the CN-sE with the most carbon-poor and nitrogen-rich abundance. We find that the CN-sE is significantly more centrally concentrated than the others, while CN-w and CN-sI have similar cumulative radial distributions. The red giant branch bump V magnitude, the helium abundance barometer in mono-metallic populations, of individual populations appears to be correlated with their mean carbon abundance, indicating that carbon abundances are anticorrelated with helium abundances. We propose that the CN-sE formed out of gas that experienced proton-capture processes at high temperatures in the innermost region of the proto-GC of M5 that resided in a dense ambient density environment. Shortly after, the CN-sI formed out of gas diluted from the pristine gas in the more spatially extended region, consistent with the current development of numerical simulations by others.
Effects of ammonia and nitrite on food consumption of the Amazon River prawn Macrobrachium amazonicum (Heller, 1862) postlarvae
Authors: Ribeiro de Campos Bruno , Ortiz Kracizy Rafael , Schmidt Furtado Plínio , Volkweis Zadinelo Izabel , Ballester Eduardo Luis Cupertino
Published: September 2021

Experiments were carried out to study the effects of ammonia and nitrite on food consumption of Macrobrachium amazonicum postlarvae. Postlarvae (average weight of 0.0625 g) were exposed during 21 days to four concentrations of total ammonia (0, 1.05, 2.1 and 4.2 mg. NH3+NH4+ L-1) and four concentrations of nitrite (0, 0.075, 0.15 and 0.30 mg N-NO2- L-1). After the exposure period, six prawns per treatment were maintained individually in 250 mL experimental units to analyze the food consumption as a function of the amount of food offered and the leftovers during a 24 h period. The food consumption presented significant alterations for prawns exposed to all nitrite concentrations and at concentrations of twice the recommended safety level for total ammonia. According to the results obtained, high concentrations of total ammonia and nitrite affect the food consumption of M. amazonicum adversely, influencing the species performance in culture systems.
Persistent organic pollutants (POPs) in fish from two coastal lagoons of the central Mexican Pacific
Authors: Ramírez-Ayala Eduardo , Arguello-Pérez Miguel A. , Tintos-Gómez Adrián , Hernández-Anguiano Jesús H. , Pérez-Rodríguez Rebeca Y. , Ilizaliturri-Hernández César A. , Núñez-Nogueira Gabriel , Sepúlveda-Quiroz César A.
Published: September 2021

Mexico has a great variety of aquatic ecosystems; however, most of them present significant contamination levels. Despite the efforts to monitor toxic and bioaccumulative persistent pollutants, they are still insufficient and outdated data from Mexican coasts, especially in polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and polyaromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), due to the number of aquatic bodies that have received little or no attention. In this regard, the Mexican Pacific's coastal zones and their aquatic ecosystems monitoring PCBs and PAHs in biota is critical because it allows us to estimate the potential risk to human health. This work aimed to determine the total concentration of polychlorinated biphenyls (ΣPCBs) and total polyaromatic hydrocarbons (ΣPAHs) in the muscle of fish collected in two coastal lagoons of the central Mexican Pacific and to determine the non-carcinogenic risk ratio (HQ) based on the monthly per capita consumption of national fish and the consumption of fish associated with fishing communities in Mexico. It was found that the potential risk for fishing communities is considerably higher and correlates to the rate of fish consumption, highlighting their vulnerability to these contaminants.
Influence of different concentrations of chia (Salvia hispanica) and flaxseed (Linum usitatissimum) meal on fillet fatty acid profile of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus)
Authors: Muñoz-Peñuela Marcela , García-Ulloa Manuel , Fonseca-Madrigal Jorge , Medina-Godoy Sergio , Espinosa-Alonso Laura Gabriela , Rodríguez-González Hervey
Published: September 2021

The nutritional quality of tilapia fillet is characterized by low omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-3 PUFAs). The objective of the present study was to evaluate the effect of different dietary concentrations of chia (Salvia hispanica) and flaxseed (Linum usitatissimum) meal on the omega-3 fatty acid content of tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) fillet. Six experimental diets incorporating 5, 10, and 15% chia or flaxseed meals, respectively, were given to the fish (238.36 ± 7.61 g, initial weight) for 45 days before harvesting. The α-linolenic acid (ALA) and n-3 PUFA contents in the fillet differed significantly among diets (P < 0.05). Diets containing 15% chia or flaxseed meal had the highest concentrations of ALA (4.80 and 4.75%, respectively) and n-3 PUFA (13.65 and 15.92%, respectively). Thus, chia or flaxseed meal dietary inclusion increased the ALA and n-3 PUFA contents in the tilapia fillet. Chia or flaxseed meals are useful and potential alternatives to improve the nutritional value of O. niloticus fillets.
Calculating the carbon footprint of the artisanal common hake fishery (Merluccius gayi gayi) in Caleta Portales, Valparaíso, Chile
Authors: Naranjo Laura , Castillo Jorge , Montes Valesca , Yáñez Eleuterio
Published: September 2021

Society's awareness of environmental issues increases every day. In this context, the concept of carbon footprint (CF) arises as a calculation tool that quantifies greenhouse gasses (GHG) emitted during the life cycle (LC) of a product. This calculation method is used in many productive sectors throughout the world; however, the Chilean fisheries sector has not notified the use of this tool or initiatives in that sense. This study performs a calculation of the CF of artisanal gillnet hake (Merluccius gayi gayi) fishery of the Caleta Portales, located in Valparaíso, Chile. The ISO 14040: 2006 methodology was used. The analysis was limited from the boat departure until the catch is landed, as a gate-to-gate life cycle assessment (LCA). The fuel consumption data and information related to the fleet were used as the main source of information. The Caleta Portales hake landings were 1,340.484 kg in 2011 and 703,411 kg in 2012. This fleet released into the atmosphere in 2011, 0.47 CO2 equivalent per kg of hake landed, and 0.58 kg CO2 eq, in 2012. It is the first result of CF reported in a Chilean fishery. This result can lead to an increase in the competitiveness of this hake fishery, as it can generate a positive impact on encouraging consumers to prefer the consumption from those places that have calculated the CF and are less than other food products.
Blepharipoda spinosa (H. Milne Edwards & Lucas, 1841) and Lepidopa chilensis Lenz, 1902 (Crustacea: Hippoidea) larvae on a north-central zone of Chile
Authors: Mujica Armando , González-Salas Francisca , Nava María Luisa
Published: September 2021

The larvae of Blepharipoda spinosa and Lepidopa chilensis were collected from Chile's north-central coast (Paposo 25.0ºS and Oscuro Port 31.5ºS) in each February of 2013-2017. Larvae were separated by their development stage. Their abundance, occurrence, and distribution concerning its proximity to the coast were analyzed. Larval abundance and frequency of occurrence were low in both species. Zoea I dominated the highest concentrations detected in coastal stations and near the study area's longest sandy beaches. Interannual variation of larvae was seen in the abundance and composition by development stages. The highest abundance of B. spinosa larvae was found in February 2016, while L. chilensis larvae had the highest abundance in February 2014. Their presence and development stages in the wide sampling area provide information on both species' distribution and reproductive activity.
Les arbres, eux aussi, sont bons à penser
Authors: Bloch Maurice
Published: September 2021

Comme les animaux, les arbres sont souvent utilisés dans des pratiques rituelles dans différentes parties du monde. Cela nécessite une explication. Si les arbres et les humains sont généralement considérés comme étant, d’une certaine manière, « vivants », cela ne conduit pas toujours à la même classification. Scott Atran affirme que le concept d’être vivant est inné chez tous les humains et que cela ne nécessite pas d’explication supplémentaire. Sur la base de travaux en psychologie, Frank Keil soutient que le concept d’être vivant réunit un certain nombre de théories. Le travail de Susan Carey va plus loin : elle défend l’idée que l’on peut dissocier les différentes théories contenues dans la notion d’être vivant ; ces théories ne sont pas véritablement similaires, et dans chaque cas, une théorie peut être mise en avant plutôt que d’autres. Son travail concerne le développement de la notion de vie ; elle montre comment les enfants construisent cette notion par étapes et avec des attentions différentes, de sorte que les très jeunes enfants et les adultes restent normalement incertains quant à savoir si certaines catégories d’êtres sont vivantes ou non.
Les messagers. Configurations et reconfigurations en taxidermie
Authors: Strivay Lucienne
Published: September 2021

S’il est une technique systématiquement confrontée aux difficultés et aux miracles de la reconfiguration, c’est la taxidermie. Que fabrique-t-on avec ce qui a été vivant, en l’associant étroitement à des composés chimiques, des métaux, du verre, du bois, etc. ? Comment la collection des spécimens devient-elle un opérateur de reconnexion grâce à l’intervention des artistes dans le muséum d’histoire naturelle ? Quels sont ces nouveaux enjeux alors que les espèces s’éteignent de manière affolante et que les écosystèmes disparaissent sans avoir le temps de s’adapter ? On le voit, les questions soulevées par la taxidermie et ses processus touchent à nos façons de faire monde, à la division des savoirs, au renouvellement des perspectives. Elles nous invitent à une grande reconfiguration dont le refaçonnage des corps devient un prétexte.