bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
APPLICATION OF JIGSAW TYPE OF COOPERATIVE LEARNING MODEL IN IPS LEARNING TO IMPROVE CRITICAL THINKING ABILITY AND STUDENTS' LEARNING ACHIEVEMENT IN CLASS XI TPHP 2 SMK N WONGSOREJO ACADEMIC YEAR 2015/2016
Authors: Amanda Dwiarsianti  , Andrew Timothy Umboh  , Bagaskara Putra Sulaksono  , Derira Tarisa Harahap
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe quality of education in essence cannot be separated from the quality of the learning process in the classroom, while the quality of learning can be seen from the aspect of the process of student learning outcomes. A good learning process will encourage students to always be actively, creatively, and critically involved so that they can achieve maximum achievement and learning outcomes. In addition to the less than optimal learning achievement among class XI Tphp 2 students, they are also very passive in the social studies learning process. This is proven in the social studies learning process in the classroom where the social studies teacher dominates in delivering the material and students tend to accept without being given the opportunity to convey their ideas about the material presented so that in the social studies learning process the criticality of students is almost not too prominent. In addition to the use of monotonous learning methods, students are also less able to think critically in social studies learning, this is also caused by the low interest in students' learning in social studies subjects.Keywords: cooperative model, social studies learning, critical, achievement
ANALYSIS OF WEAPON TECHNOLOGY AND DEFENSE RESOURCES USED IN THE INDONESIAN GUERRILLA WAR 1945 – 1949
Authors: Iman Khoerozadi Faizal , Robertus Heru Triharjanto  , Heri Budi Wibowo  , Novky Asmoro  , Tsaniyah Wulandari
Published: November 2023

Guerrilla War strategy became an important part of the history of Indonesia's struggle. The limited weapon technology and defense resources used in the Guerrilla War made the choice of strategy become important. Therefore, an analysis of the utilization of weapon technology and defense resources used during Indonesian Guerrilla War from 1949 to 1949 will provide a deeper understanding of how limited resources can be effectively utilized in the struggle for independence. This method uses a qualitative method with a narrative/historical approach to analyze the utilization of defense equipment technology and weaponry resources in the period of the Indonesian guerrilla war in 1945-1949. Through this analysis, it can be seen that the guerrilla strategy succeeded in maximizing the potential and effectiveness of limited weaponry resources. Environmental factors, battle tactics, and the courage of fighters were successful in maintaining independence. In the perspective of asymmetrical warfare, Indonesia's guerrilla warfare strategy succeeded in balancing superior forces.
USING GRACE AND GLDAS DRIVEN DATA TO ASSESS GROUNDWATER FLUCTUATIONS OF NIGER-SOUTH HYDROLOGICAL AREA OF NIGERIA
Authors: Uba, Uchechukwu Promise  , Umeuduji, Joel E  , Eludoyin, Olatunde Samuel
Published: November 2023

Gravitational Recovery and Climate Experiments Terrestrial Water Storage and Global Land Data Assimilation Systems Surface Water and Soil Moisture including Nigerian Hydrological Service Agencys Groundwater Level were used to assess the temporal groundwater fluctuations of Niger-south Hydrological Area of Nigeria. The study adopted a cross-sectional research design; descriptive and inferential statistics was used for data analysis; Table was used for presentation. The study finds that there is no statistical significant difference between average monthly net recharge and average month storage changes at 95% probability level, it further concluded that the use of these satellites to acquire data and make decision will mark a new era and bring about fewer causalities on natural event(s), and therefore recommended us to take advantage of this free available resource to ameliorate challenges trying to extinct the existence of man from earth surface; therefore, increasing groundwater levels in Niger-south Hydrological Area needed to be properly managed because of rising groundwater flooding.
KEY WORDS: GRACE, GLDAS, QGIS, Groundwater, Fluctuation
An Introduction to Politics
Authors: Munroe Trevor
Published: November 2023

This introduction to politics is designed for first-year students in social sciences and for the general reader interested in the basics of contemporary politic. The text's various sections and lecture summaries deal with the important areas of political science, different systems of democratic government, the fall of communism and post-communist politics, as well as issues in Caribbean politics such as globalization, constitutional reform and regional integration.
Dynamic Multiple Neighborhood Structures for the Static Frequency Assignment Problem
Authors: Alrajhi Khaled
Published: November 2023

This study proposes a dynamic multiple neighborhood structures to solve a variant of the frequency assignment problem known as the minimum order frequency assignment problem. This problem involves assigning frequencies to a set of requests while minimizing interference and the number of used frequencies. Several novel and existing techniques are used to improve the efficiency of this algorithm and make it different from other applications of multiple neighborhood structures in the literature. This includes solving the static problem by modeling it as a dynamic problem through dividing this static problem into smaller sub-problems, which are then solved in turn in a dynamic process using multiple neighborhood structures. Moreover, applying technique that aims to determine a lower bound on the number of frequencies required from each domain for a feasible solution to exist for each sub-problem, based on the underlying graph coloring model. These lower bounds ensure that the search focuses on parts of the solution space that are likely to contain feasible solutions. This study considers real and randomly generated benchmark datasets of the static problem and our approach achieved competitive results.
Circulating Tumor DNA as an Early Biomarker of Efficacy of Targeted and Chemotherapy
Authors: Кулигина Екатерина Шотовна , Янус Григорий Аркадьевич , Мартьянов Александр Сергеевич , Горгуль Юлий Андреевич , Степанова Екатерина Олеговна , Моисеенко Федор Владимирович , Имянитов Евгений Наумович
Published: November 2023

Концентрация циркулирующих опухолевых ДНК (цоДНК) в крови является чувствительным и специфичным маркером для мониторинга в режиме реального времени динамики опухолевой массы. Количественный анализ цоДНК дает возможность оценить ответ опухоли на терапию на самых ранних этапах воздействия, а неинвазивный характер подобной процедуры («жидкостной биопсии») делает ее незаменимой в случаях малой доступности и множественности опухолевых очагов. Важно, что изменение спектра «циркулирующих» мутаций достаточно полно отражает эволюцию неопластических клонов и механизмы молекулярной адаптации клеток к воздействию препаратов — эта информация крайне ценна для своевременной коррекции терапевтической схемы на стадиях, предшествующих клинической манифестации прогрессирования. Многочисленные клинические испытания динамики цоДНК у пациентов, получающих таргетные или химиотерапевтические препараты, продемонстрировали как прогностическую, так и предиктивную ценность данного подхода. Эти усилия подчеркивают растущую роль жидкостной биопсии при выборе тактики на всех этапах лечения с момента постановки диагноза: в отборе пациентов для таргетной или иммунотерапии терапии на основании молекулярных свойств опухоли, мониторинге эффективности препаратов, определении оптимальной продолжительности терапии, диагностике рецидивов. Данный обзор суммирует накопленные к настоящему моменту сведения об успехах и ограничениях использования цоДНК в роли клинически значимого экспресс-маркера для оценки эффективности противоопухолевой терапии на примере основных онкологических локализаций: рака толстой кишки, рака легкого, рака молочной железы, яичника, простаты и т. д.
Modern Conformal Radiation Therapy in the Antitumor Treatment of Locally Advanced Cervical Cancer
Authors: Солодкий Владимир Алексеевич , Титова Вера Алексеевна , Паньшин Георгий Александрович
Published: November 2023

В настоящее время рак шейки матки (РШМ) является одним из основных социально значимых онкологических заболеваний у женщин различных возрастных групп. При этом сопутствующая химиолучевая терапия с последующей лучевой и автоматизированной брахитерапией является стандартным методом лечения, в первую очередь, местнораспространенного рака шейки матки (МРРШМ), со стадиями заболевания от IB3 до IVA по FIGO, и которая является весьма эффективным терапевтическим методом противоопухолевого лечения для многих пациенток. Следует подчеркнуть, что за последние два десятилетия был достигнут значительный прогресс в лечении РШМ, особенно в области радикальной химиолучевой терапии местно-распространенного рака шейки матки. При этом парадигмы лучевой терапии (ЛТ) перешли от двухмерного (2D) подхода, основанного исключительно на анатомических костных ориентирах, к трехмерному (3D) подходу с визуальным контролем за процессом проведения лучевой терапии, позволяющему доставлять увеличенные очаговые дозы облучения более точно к клиническим мишеням с максимальным сохранением органов риска. В данном кратком обзоре обсуждаются текущие достижения в области противоопухолевого лечения инвазивного МРРШМ с акцентом на визуализацию лечебного процесса (лучевой терапии и автоматизированной брахитерапии) при применении адъювантной и неоадъювантной химиотерапии и радикальной одновременной химиолучевой терапии. Особое внимание уделяется текущим достижениям и будущим направлениям исследований в области лучевой терапии (ЛТ) с упором на трехмерную брахитерапию, ЛТ с модулированной интенсивностью под визуальным контролем, а также протонную ЛТ и иммунотерапию при одновременной химиолучевой терапии.
Saccade execution increases the preview effect with faces: An EEG and eye-tracking coregistration study
Authors: Huber-Huber Christoph , Melcher David
Published: November 2023

Under naturalistic viewing conditions, humans conduct about three to four saccadic eye movements per second. These dynamics imply that in real life, humans rarely see something completely new; there is usually a preview of the upcoming foveal input from extrafoveal regions of the visual field. In line with results from the field of reading research, we have shown with EEG and eye-tracking coregistration that an extrafoveal preview also affects postsaccadic visual object processing and facilitates discrimination. Here, we ask whether this preview effect in the fixation-locked N170, and in manual responses to the postsaccadic target face (tilt discrimination), requires saccade execution. Participants performed a gaze-contingent experiment in which extrafoveal face images could change their orientation during a saccade directed to them. In a control block, participants maintained stable gaze throughout the experiment and the extrafoveal face reappeared foveally after a simulated saccade latency. Compared with this no-saccade condition, the neural and the behavioral preview effects were much larger in the saccade condition. We also found shorter first fixation durations after an invalid preview, which is in contrast to reading studies. We interpret the increased preview effect under saccade execution as the result of the additional sensorimotor processes that come with gaze behavior compared with visual perception under stable fixation. In addition, our findings call into question whether EEG studies with fixed gaze capture key properties and dynamics of active, natural vision.
Pelatihan Penggunaan Media Augmented Reality dan Teknik Edukasi pada Bidan dalam Upaya Peningkatan Kualitas Edukasi pada layanan Kebidanan
Authors: Sudirman Jumrah , Stang  , Ikhsan Amar Muh , B Suriani
Published: November 2023

Teknologi merupakan hal yang tidak dapat dipisahkan dari kehidupan manusia. Adanya teknologi dapat membantu aktivitas manusia tersebut menjadi lebih mudah. Kegiatan pengabdian ini dilakukan untuk melakukan pelatihan kepada bidan sebagai Upaya meningkatkan kemampuan bidan dalam mendesain media edukasi dengan teknologi Augmented Reality. Pelaksanaan Kegiatan dilakukan di Sekretariat Pengurus Daerah IBI Provinsi Sulawesi Selatan, dimana peserta mengikuti kegiatan sebanyak 40 peserta. Metode yang digunakan adalah ceramah, diskusi dan simulasi. Pelaksaan kegiatan ini bermitra dengan Pengurus Daerah IBI Provinsi Sulawesi Selatan. Hasil yang didapatkan menunjukkan peserta yang mengisi postes terdapat 34 peserta (85%) dengan pengetahuan yang baik dan 6 peserta (15%) dengan pengetahuan yang cukup. Kegiatan terlaksana dengan tertib sesuai rencana kegiatan.

 

Technology is something that cannot be separated from human life. The existence of technology can help human activities become easier. This service activity is carried out to conduct training for midwives as an effort to improve the ability of midwives in designing educational media with Augmented Reality technology. Implementation of the activity was carried out at the IBI Regional Management Secretariat of South Sulawesi Province, where participants took part in the activity as many as 40 participants. The methods used are lectures, discussions and simulations. The implementation of this activity partnered with the IBI Regional Management of South Sulawesi Province. The results obtained showed that the participants who filled out the posttest were 34 participants (85%) with good knowledge and 6 participants (15%) with sufficient knowledge. Activities carried out in an orderly manner according to the activity plan.
Pemanfaatan Limbah Kulit Jeruk Sebagai Eco-Enzyme Untuk Bahan Pembuatan Hand Sanitizer
Authors: Sri Sulasminingsih  , Muhammad Ikhsan Amar  , Budhi Martana
Published: November 2023

Mencuci tangan sangat penting dilakukan pada masa Pandemi Covid-19, kebiasaan mencuci tanganmengurangi risiko terhadap penularan infeksi virus. Eco-enzyme adalah larutan zat organik kompleks yangdihasilkan melalui proses fermentasi sisa limbah organik, denagn pencampuran gula dan air. Penelitian inidilakukan sebagai salah satu upaya pemanfaatan sampah organik kulit buah jeruk yang diproses menjadieco-enzyme untuk bahan pembuat hand sanitizer. Metode penelitian yang dilakukan berupa eksperimendengan memafaatkan sampah 3 jenis kulit jeruk sebagai bahan penelitian, proses fermentasi dilakukandengan waktu selama 35 hari, hasil eco-enzyme selanjutnya diuji untuk mendapatkan nilai pH. Nilai pHeco-enzyme berada pada kisaran nilai pH 5,71, dimana pH eco-enzyme dari sampah kulit jeruk nipismemiliki nilai pH paling tinggi sebesar 6,62.
POCKET MONEY AND SPENDING HABITS OF COLLEGE STUDENTS
Authors: Raval Dr. Dharmeshkumar G.
Published: November 2023

Pocket expenses of college students have skyrocketed to look rich and prove more sophisticated. This research has been done according to the various expenses of the students. Based on this research study, it is known that how much the students spend on studies, transport, food, clothes, entertainment etc. On the basis of this study, an idea of the income resources and saving habits of the students can be obtained.
Determination of modes for safe application of selective micro-pulse individual retinal therapy of the macular zone using the modeling based on the theory of activated complex
Authors: Ivanova E. V. , Volodin P. L.
Published: November 2023

Purpose: to make modeling of various modes of laser radiation, to assess the degree of damage to the retinal pigment epithelium and adjacent structures, and to determine modes and safety conditions of selective micro-pulse individual retinal therapy based on the theory of activated complex.

   Materials and methods. The authors have modeled the degree of damage to the chorioretinal complex and adjacent structures using the activated complex theory with the Eyring equation. The following definitions were used to determine the regime quality and safety conditions: micro-pulse mode is a mode with fixed values of micro-pulse duration, duty cycle and the number of pulses in the packet; power is a variable parameter. Efficiency is the ratio of the amount of denatured protein inside the retinal pigment epithelium layer to the total amount of protein in it. Selectivity is the ratio of the amount of denatured protein inside the retinal pigment epithelium layer to the total amount of denatured protein. Relative harmfulness is the ratio of denatured protein volume outside the retinal pigment epithelium to the volume of protein in it.

   Results and discussion. The quality of micro-pulse mode was found as depending on the selectivity value with efficiency equal to 90 %. With the efficiency value less than 50 %, the mode is non-selective, with more than 67 % – selective. Safety conditions for selective micro-pulse modes have been established, taking into account safety of the neurosensory retina and choroid in terms of relative harmfulness which should not exceed 1. Parameters at which micro-pulse modes have high values (more than 90 – 99) of efficiency and selectivity at the same time have been determined as well. It requires single pulse mode, micro pulse duration of 25 microseconds and power from 6 to 8 W. To expand the combination of parameters, it is necessary to be able to freely change them in increments of 1 pulse, 5 microseconds, 100 mW, with long interval and short duty cycle. These technical capabilities can be realized and implemented into clinical practice by manufacturers of laser devices.

   Conclusion. For selective micro-pulse individual retinal therapy of the macular zone with existing lasers, the following recommendation are to be observed: micro-pulse modes with pulse duration no more than 200 microseconds, short duty cycle less than 5 % and number of pulses in an envelope no more than 5; relative harmfulness less than one, radiation power selection, personalized patient’s characteristics.
Assessment of the implications of energy-efficient technologies on the environmental sustainability of rail operation
Authors: Sharma Sanjeev , Kandpal Vinay , Choudhury Tanupriya , Gonzalez Ernesto D.R. Santibanez , Agarwal Naveen
Published: November 2023

Railway transportation is a significant contributor to Green House Gas (G.H.G.) emissions in the transportation sector. To mitigate this impact, it is crucial to adopt energy-efficient technology solutions. Improving the energy efficiency of railways can significantly reduce their environmental footprint. We employ a case study methodology to evaluate how energy-efficient technologies such as regenerative braking and lightweight materials affect the sustainability of railway operations. The research assesses the amount of energy used, emissions produced and overall effectiveness of these innovations on railway systems. The findings provide valuable insights into enhancing sustainability in rail transport and inform further research and policy initiatives to advance energy efficiency in the transportation industry. By embracing these technologies, we can potentially reduce the environmental impact of railways while supporting more equitable and sustainable transportation systems that align with global emission reduction goals and U.N. Sustainable Development Goals 2030.
Long-time behavior for a nonlinear Timoshenko system: Thermal damping versus weak damping of variable-exponents type
Authors: Al-Mahdi Adel M.
Published: November 2023

In this work, we consider a nonlinear thermoelastic Timoshenko system with a time-dependent coefficient where the heat conduction is given by Coleman-Gurtin [1]. Consequently, the Fourier and Gurtin-Pipkin laws are special cases. We prove that the system is exponentially and polynomially stable. The equality of the wave speeds is not imposed unless the system is not fully damped by the thermoelasticity effect. In other words, the thermoelasticity is only coupled to the first equation in the system. By constructing a suitable Lyapunov functional, we establish exponential and polynomial decay rates for the system. We noticed that the decay sometimes depends on the behavior of the thermal kernel, the variable exponent, and the time-dependent coefficient. Our results extend and improve some earlier results in the literature especially the recent results by Fareh [2], Mustafa [3] and Al-Mahdi and Al-Gharabli [4].
Le temps incorporé des collections. La collecte et la circulation des plantes entre l’Amérique et l’Europe au milieu du xviiie siècle
Authors: Boumediene Samir
Published: November 2023

Au milieu du xviiie siècle, les collections de plantes sont un enjeu central tant pour l’histoire des sciences que pour celles du commerce, de la politique et de la colonisation. Témoins les plus visibles de ce phénomène, les réceptacles que constituent les herbiers, les jardins, les collections de graines, ne représentent qu’un moment dans un processus plus long et plus complexe, qui articule une pratique du terrain à un art de la circulation, un savoir classificatoire à un savoir-faire de la mise en culture des plantes. À travers une série d’exemples portant sur l’histoire de l’Amérique et de ses rapports avec la France, l’Angleterre et l’Espagne, ce texte aborde la collecte et la circulation comme des processus temporels. L’observation des végétaux, l’entretien avec les populations locales ou l’usage de caisses d’histoire naturelle ne peuvent alimenter une collection qu’à condition de synchroniser la pluralité des temps propres aux différentes entités impliquées : les êtres humains, les végétaux, les insectes, les vents et les embruns.
Tumour‐suppressive effects of curcumin analogs CCA‐1.1 and Pentagamavunone‐1 in colon cancer: In viv o and in vitro studies
Authors: Wulandari Febri , Ikawati Muthi , Widyarini Sitarina , Kirihata Mitsunori , Novitasari Dhania , Kato Jun-ya , Meiyanto Edy
Published: November 2023

This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of Chemoprevention Curcumin Analog-1.1 (CCA-1.1) and Pentagamavunone-1 (PGV-1) in vivo and in vitro in colorectal cancer model. CCA-1.1 or PGV-1 was administered orally to 1,2-dimethylhydrazine (DMH)-induced rats for 16 weeks. The cytotoxicity of both compounds was tested on Caco-2, CT26, and NIH/3T3 cells using the MTT method. The cell cycle, apoptosis, and reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels were analyzed through flow cytometry. X-gal staining was used to examine the compound’s effect on senescence. Oral co-administration of CCA-1.1 or PGV-1 significantly suppressed the carcinogenic characteristics and symptoms of premalignant colon cancer relative to DMH-only and untreated groups. CCA-1.1 and PGV-1 administration did not affect the blood profile. CCA-1.1 and PGV-1 demonstrated great cytotoxicity on Caco-2 and CT26 cells, with 50% inhibition concentration (IC50) values of 4.3 ± 0.2 and 3.1 ± 0.1 µM for CCA-1.1 and 11.2 ± 1.1 and 4.8 ± 0.1 µM for PGV-1, respectively, while not toxic against fibroblast cells. Both compounds instigated G2/M arrest and efficiently induced cell senescence and apoptosis. Moreover, these analogs selectively elevated oxidative stress in colon cancer cells without inducing noticeable changes in fibroblasts. In conclusion, PGV-1 and CCA-1.1 suppressed colorectal tumor formation and induced mitotic arrest.
Synergism of Consortium of Heterotrophic Bacterial Strains with Pistia stratiotes L. and Salvinia molesta D. Mitch as Biophytoremediator for Heavy Metal Removal in Domestic Wastewater
Authors: Lud Waluyo  , Nyono  , Sukarsono  , Miftachul Hudha Atok , Raharjanto Abdulkadir
Published: November 2023

High levels of organic matter and heavy metals in domestic wastewater can increase the pollution of water bodies. The water pollution results correspond to the degree of public health. Waste must be controlled and processed first using management methods such as biophytoremedyator to decrease the rate of pollution because its advantages do not negatively impact public health and the environment. Biophytoremediation offers a better alternative method to repair environmental conditions by combining microorganisms and plants. This study aimed to analyze the effect of heterotrophic bacterial strains with Pistia stratiotes L. and Salvinia molesta D. Mitch for heavy metal removal in domestic wastewater. It also investigated the influence of heterotrophic bacterial strains with Pistia stratiotes L. and Salvinia molesta D. Mitch which were also carried out to observe the BOD and COD levels. The results showed decreased heavy metal levels from the three treatment groups. The consortium treatment group of heterotrophs and Salvinia molesta D. Mitch bacteria strains reduced heavy metal levels faster than the other groups by 59%. In addition, it is also able to reduce BOD and COD levels. This study has shown the significant effect of combining heterotrophic bacterial (HB) strains with Pistia stratiotes L. or Salvinia molesta D. Mitch for heavy metal removal in domestic wastewater.
Photosynthetic Rate Prediction Model of Golden Melon Plant (Cucumis melo L.) at Vegetative Phase in Greenhouse using Artificial Neural Networks
Authors: Erniati  , Suhardiyanto Herry , Hasbullah Rokhani , Supriyanto
Published: November 2023

The most critical parameter affecting plant growth is the photosynthetic rate. The parameter can be determined by measuring the rate of CO2 assimilation that occurs in plants. Developing a photosynthetic rate model can recommend proper cultivation maintenance in melon plants. Hence, the involvement of input parameters in the developed model affects the accuracy of the prediction. This study aims to develop an artificial neural networks (ANNs) prediction model of the photosynthetic rate of melon plants in the vegetative phase in the greenhouse based on seven environmental and growth parameters and find the best model structure. Model development uses artificial neural networks with several stages: data collection and pre-processing, model development with different input variations, model validation, and selection of the best scenario to predict photosynthetic rate. The results showed that five out of seven input parameters, i.e., air temperature, sunlight intensity, CO2 concentration, air humidity, and plant rows, in the model structure of five inputs, six hidden and one output were the best model scenarios with coefficient of determination (R2) and root mean square error (RMSE) of 0.986 and 0.420, respectively.
Antioxidative Parameters Improvements on Nutritional Approach: A Study on Hypoxic Multiple Organs of Sprague-Dawley
Authors: Meliala Andreanyta , Narwidina Paramita , Sumarno Yogi Tri
Published: November 2023

In various organs, such as the heart, kidneys, and colon, hypoxia enhances the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS). However, the effects of reoxygenation, as occurs in intermittent hypoxia (IH) to achieve full recovery of hypoxic organs, are not yet clear. The acclimatization response can boost blood oxygen transport capacity, while hypoxia ROS can impact erythrocytes and plasma behavior, resulting in poor peripheral blood flow. This study aimed to study the antioxidant impact of puree Ficus carica (PFC) in rats with IH-induced oxidative stress. Twenty-nine Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into five groups: group N (control, untreated and not exposed to IH, and Group HC was exposed to hypoxia and received distilled water. Group HPF-6.25, HPF-12.5, and HPF-25 (n = 6) received PFC with doses 6.25; 12.5; and 25 ml/kg/d, respectively for 4 weeks before IH exposure. At the end of 4 weeks, all animals except controls were exposed to IH (10% O2 and 90% N2; 4 hours/day for one week). Hematological parameters were measured with several oxidative stress indicators. Hypoxic rats exhibited substantially higher hemoglobin, hematocrit, and mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentrations. All groups exposed to IH showed increased malondialdehyde (MDA) and decreased superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity in the heart, kidneys, and colon. The increasing MDA and decreasing SOD compared to controls and pre-treatment using PFC had a dose-dependent protective effect on the heart, kidneys, and colon.
Enhanced data security for file sharing: A hybrid approach combining RSA and Modified DES ciphers
Authors: Iliyasu Umar , Nuhu Abdulhafiz A. , Yakubu Muhammad M.
Published: November 2023

This paper presents a hybrid implementation of the RSA and Modified DES encryption and decryption ciphers, combining the strengths of both algorithms for enhanced security and performance. The RSA algorithm, based on the difficulty of factoring large prime numbers, provides strong encryption capabilities using a public-key system. However, it can be computationally expensive for large amounts of data. To address this limitation, the Modified DES algorithm, known for its efficiency, is incorporated. The key generation process involves generating the RSA key pair and a symmetric key for Modified DES. The encryption process converts plaintext blocks into numerical values, encrypts them using the RSA public key, and then further encrypts them using Modified DES with the symmetric key. This hybrid encryption technique offers a double layer of security. For decryption, the process is reversed, with Modified DES decryption followed by RSA decryption. Extensive experimentation and analysis are conducted to evaluate performance and security. The results show that the hybrid implementation achieves a balance between security and efficiency. By combining asymmetric and symmetric encryption, the approach provides enhanced protection against attacks while mitigating computational overhead. The hybrid implementation of RSA and Modified DES is a promising solution for secure communication and data protection in various applications.
Optimizing copper removal from synthetic water using electrocoagulation and response surface methodology
Authors: Dolo Arouna , Tolofoudye Adama , Diamoutene Abdoulaye , KouyatÃ© Djiky
Published: November 2023

The purification of water and wastewater requires a lot of energy and large amounts of chemicals can still be used with conventional techniques. The electrocoagulation (EC) method, an electrochemical treatment approach, has been suggested as a more cost-effective and environmentally friendly alternative. In this study, the removal of copper from synthetic water was investigated using EC technique. Box-Behnken Design (BBD) and Response Surface Methodology (RSM) were applied to optimize operating parameters such as current density, electrolysis time and initial pH. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used to assess the effect of factors and their interactions, and multiple regression analysis was used to fit it to a second-order polynomial equation. According to the results, current density had the greatest impact on copper removal. A current density of 7.24 mA/cm², a reaction time of 27.43 minutes, and an initial pH value of 7.56 were determined to be optimal conditions. Under these optimal conditions, the copper removal efficiency was 97.5%. Therefore, EC combines with RSM is an efficient treatment approach for copper-contaminated water.
A Comparative Study of Health-Related Quality of Life among Adults with Pulmonary Tuberculosis in Southwest Nigeria
Authors: Adebayo Bisola I. , Odusanya Olumuyiwa O.
Published: November 2023

Background: Current models of care for tuberculosis (TB) focus on bacteriological cures with less emphasis on the effect of TB on  physical, mental, and social well-being. There is also a paucity of data on normative values for Nigeria against which health-related quality  of life (HRQOL) measures of TB patients could be assessed. The objective of this study was to compare HRQOL of adults  diagnosed with TB against a comparator group from similar socio-demographic backgrounds.

Methods: A comparative cross-sectional study was undertaken with 210 patients with pulmonary TB and a comparator group of 285  individuals from catchment communities. The World Health Organization Quality of Life Questionnaire-Short Version (WHOQOL-BREF)  was used to assess HRQOL. Patients were selected using a multi-stage sampling technique. Data were analysed using IBM-SPSS version  23. A multiple linear regression model was used to identify potential predictors of HRQOL. Ethical approval was obtained from the Lagos  State University Teaching Hospital health research ethics committee.

Results: More than half of the TB patients and those in the comparator group were men (63.3% and 59.0%, respectively), and their mean  ages were 36.40±11.76 years and 36.69±12.30 years, respectively. Respondents with TB had significantly lower HRQOL domain scores  across all domains (p<0.001). Domain scores for HRQOL ranged between 45.3 ±14.5 (environmental domain) and 50.9±17.3 (social  relationships). Independent predictors of quality of life among TB patients included education, employment, and socio-economic status.  

Conclusion: Tuberculosis was significantly associated with an impairment in health-related quality of life. The environment domain was  most affected among respondents with PTB. Employment status, socio-economic class and educational level were predictive of HRQOL.
Acute flaccid paralysis surveillance system data analysis, Pujehun, Sierra Leone, 2011-2020
Authors: Sheriff Musa D. , Sheriff A. , Elduma A. , Gebru G.
Published: November 2023

The Acute Flaccid Paralysis (AFP) surveillance system was established to detect poliovirus and to measure  progress toward Poliovirus  eradication. Vaccine-derived poliovirus outbreaks have been reported  worldwide in 2020, including in Sierra Leone. We analyzed AFP  surveillance data to describe the  distribution, epidemiological trend, and clinical characteristics of AFP cases. We analyzed secondary  data  of AFP cases in the Pujehun District for the period from 2011 to 2020. We collected data on key variables  such as age, sex, clinical  characteristics, outcome, non-AFP rate, stool adequacy, and non-Polio  enteroviruses. We analyzed data using Microsoft Excel 2013 and  Epi-Info 7 software. Results were reported  in tables, graphs, and maps. A total of 60 AFP cases were reported with a median age of 3  years (range 0.7- 14), with no confirmed poliomyelitis. Under-five Children accounted for 46 (76.7%), with 27 females and  33 males. Of the  sixty cases,17(28.3%) were hospitalized and 16(27%) were detected in the hospital. Ten  (16.7%) cases were classified as non-Polio  enteroviruses and 50 (83.3%) as negative. Sudden onset of  paralysis was reported in 57 (96.6%) cases, paralysis progressed within 3 days  in 44 (74.6%) cases, and  56 (94.6%) reported fever. Out of 33, the left legs 28 (84.9%) were the most affected sites. Majority of the  cases,  35(58.1%) had received five and more doses of the Oral Polio vaccine. The stool adequacy was  54(90%) and the non-AFP rate was above  2.0 except in 2017 when it was 1.8. Of the 14 chiefdoms,12 (86%)  met the minimum AFP reporting target (1/100,000 < 15 years’  population). None of the AFP cases were  confirmed as Poliovirus in Pujehun District. Case detection and reporting rate were high except  for two  chiefdoms. We recommended maintaining the AFP surveillance system in the district and replicate the  strategies used to other  districts.
COVID-19 vaccine acceptance among students at the College of Medicine and Allied Health Sciences, University of Sierra Leone
Authors: Bah Abdul Karim , Jalloh Mohamed Bella , Smalle Isaac Olufemi
Published: November 2023

Background: The COVID-19 pandemic has emphasized the need for an effective vaccine to combat the spread  of the virus. However, less  attention has been paid to vaccine hesitancy and acceptance, particularly among healthcare students in Africa. The study aimed to  assess vaccine hesitancy and acceptance among clinical year  students of a novel COVID-19 vaccine in Sierra Leone.

Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional online survey among 250 healthcare students at the University of  Sierra Leone. Descriptive  statistics and chi-square test were applied to analyse data.

Results: Our findings showed that 46 (18.4%) of the medical students and 6(2.4%) of pharmacy students  doubted the COVID-19 vaccine's  safety. 34(13.6%) of medical students questioned the effectiveness of the  vaccine, while 25 (10%) of medical students, 53  (21.2%) of nursing students, and 4 (1.6%) of pharmacy  students feared the side effects that were still unknown. 28 (11.2%) of the medical  students, 7 (2.8%) of  nursing students, and 21 (8.4%) of pharmacy students feared that some types of vaccine would have adverse  effects on their health.

Discussion: The study found that a significant proportion of medical and pharmacy students expressed doubts  about the safety, effectiveness, and side effects of the vaccine. A small proportion of the students also feared  adverse effects of certain  types of vaccines on their health. These findings suggest that there is a need for  targeted education and communication campaigns to  address the reasons for vaccine hesitancy among  healthcare students
Peste des petits ruminants outbreak investigation among goats and sheep in Kenema District, Sierra Leone, March 2023
Authors: Edwin Idriss Mustapha , George Pius Nicol , Mohamed Haddy Leigh , Amara Leno , Ahmed Foray Samba
Published: November 2023

Background: Peste des petits ruminants (PPR) is a contagious transboundary viral disease of small ruminants. The PPR  virus has high  morbidity and mortality, reaching 100% and over 90% in naïve herds, respectively. The  disease is endemic to Sierra Leone, especially in  areas where the animals are extensively reared. The  present outbreak investigation describes clinical observations and laboratory  conGirmation of the PPR virus in goats and sheep using conventional Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR). 

Methods Livestock keepers in  the affected village reported signs of diarrhoea, pneumonia, and death among their  animals to the District Livestock Officer (DLO).  Clinical examination was done and samples collected from  the animals. Serum samples were tested using the blocking Enzyme-Linked  Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA)  AU-PANVAC kit. The swabs were analyzed using Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) as per the  manufacturer’s recommendations.

Results Clinical examination done on animals showed ulceration of the mouth, lacrimation of the  eyes, purulent nasal discharge, rough coats, and diarrhea. These signs were mainly observed in goats. The sheep were not  showing any  visible disease signs. Eight (8) serum samples tested positive for PPR virus antibodies by the  bELISA. Four (4) nasal and ocular swabs  yielded an expected amplicon size of 350 bp by conventional PCR

Conclusion  Based on the clinical signs observed from our findings, PCR  and serology; we therefore concluded that the  pathogen that caused the current outbreak in Kenema District is PPRV.  

Recommendations  More efforts be made to control this disease in the country through vaccination of the animals. Livestock  farmers  should implement good husbandry practice and biosecurity on their farms.
Edukasi pemanfaatan media sosial untuk berbisnis pada siswa SMA Negeri 2 Kabupaten Sorong
Authors: Khairunisa Nur A. , Sabaria  , Danuwijaya Tri
Published: November 2023

ABSTRACT 
Social media is an important tool for almost all lines in society, including being used for business. This community service program is motivated by the large number of students who own and use social media, and mostly only as a channel to communicate with friends and family. In fact, the function of social media has become increasingly widespread, including for business purposes. This community service program aims to add to the positive benefits of social media owned by SMA Negeri 2 Sorong Regency students, namely for online business activities. Discussion of social media in this activity was limited to Instagram. This educational activity is carried out in the form of lectures and questions and answers. The results of this community service activity received a positive response from the students, this was shown by the enthusiasm of the students in participating in this lecture and the many questions asked by students regarding the use of social media for doing business. 
Keywords: Instagram marketing; Online business; Social media
 
ABSTRAK
Media sosial adalah sarana penting pada hampir semua lini dalam masyarakat, termasuk dapat dimanfaatkan untuk berbisnis. Program pengabdian masyarakat ini dilatarbelakangi oleh banyaknya para siswa yang memiliki dan menggunakan media sosial, dan kebanyakan hanya sebagai saluran untuk berkomunikasi dengan teman dan keluarga. Padahal sebenarnya fungsi media sosial telah menjadi semakin luas, termasuk untuk  sarana berbisnis. Program pengabdian pada masyarakat ini bertujuan untuk menambah manfaat positif dari media sosial yang dimiliki siswa-siswi SMA Negeri 2 Kabupaten Sorong, yaitu untuk kegiatan berbisnis online. Pembahasan media sosial dalam kegiatan ini hanya terbatas pada instagram. Kegiatan edukasi ini dilakukan dalam bentuk ceramah dan tanya jawab. Hasil kegiatan pengabdian masyarakat ini mendapat respon positif dari para siswa-siswi, hal ini ditunjukkan oleh antusias para siswa-siswi dalam mengikuti ceramah ini dan banyaknya pertanyaan yang diajukan para siswa terkait pemanfaatan media sosial untuk berbisnis.
Kata kunci: Bisnis online; Instagram marketing; Media sosial
Nghiên cứu ảnh hưởng của nồng độ dung dịch dinh dưỡng đến sinh trưởng và năng suất cây cải bẹ trắng (Brassica rapa var. chinensis) trồng thủy canh
Authors: Phan Ngọc Nhí , Lê Thị Hồng Thắm
Published: November 2023

Nghiên cứu được thực hiện tại Trường Đại học Cần Thơ nhằm xác định nồng độ dung dịch dinh dưỡng phù hợp cho sinh trưởng và năng suất cải bẹ trắng. Thí nghiệm được bố trí hoàn toàn ngẫu nhiên với 7 lần lặp lại và 4 nghiệm thức là các nồng độ của dung dịch dinh dưỡng thủy canh bao gồm: 600 ppm, 900 ppm, 1.200 ppm, 1.500 ppm. Thí nghiệm được bố trí trong điều kiện nhà màng và hệ thống thủy canh tĩnh được sử dụng để trồng cải bẹ trắng. Kết quả cho thấy, các nồng độ dung dịch dinh dưỡng thủy canh có ảnh hưởng đến chiều dài thân, số lá, đường kính gốc, khối lượng rễ, khối lượng thân, năng suất và độ brix của cải bẹ trắng. Trong đó, nồng độ 900 ppm cho kết quả khối lượng cây (180 g/cây), năng suất thương phẩm (4,41 kg/m2) cao hơn so với nồng độ 600 ppm (154 g/cây và 3,72 kg/m2) nhưng khác biệt không ý nghĩa thống kê so với nồng độ 1.200 ppm (183 g/cây và 4,48 kg/m2) và 1.500 ppm (163 g/cây và 3,89 kg/m2). Tuy nhiên nồng độ 600 ppm lại cho kết quả độ brix cải bẹ trắng cao nhất (3,46%). Từ kết quả thí nghiệm, bước đầu cho thấy có thể sử dụng nồng độ 900 ppm để trồng cải bẹ trắng thủy canh mà vẫn đảm bảo không làm giảm năng suất so với sử dụng nồng độ 1.200 ppm.
RUANG LINGKUP DAN FUNGSI ADMINISTRASI PENDIDIKAN DALAM PERSPEKTIF AL-QUR’AN
Authors: Abdul Syukur  , Aan Setiawan
Published: November 2023

Pada dasarnya Islam mengajarkan dan memberikan mencontohkan tentang kehidupan yang serba terarah dan sudah teratur dengan baik, dan telah memberikan contoh konkrit adanya tertib administrasi yang mengarah ke sebuah keteraturan, seperti halnya Puasa, haji dan beberapa ajaran agama lainya. Teori dan konsep administrasi yang digunakan saat ini sebenarnya sudah ada sejak dulu dalam Al-Qur’an, seperti pada saat Allah SWT menciptakan alam semesta beserta isinya, di sana Allah sudah memperlihatkan bagaimana penciptaan alam semesta ini diciptakan dengan teratur dan bekerja seperti tujuan diciptakanya.
HYBRID LEARNING DI STAIN MAJENE
Authors: Ahmad Ridhai Azis  , Burhanuddin
Published: November 2023

This research aims to examine the effectiveness of Hybrid Learning at STAIN Majene in learning Indonesian Language. Hybrid Learning is developed for contemporary education. The learning problem in Covid-19 Pandemic Period are the environment and the learning media that have turned to virtual classes. The environment understood by students is a learning environment that presents lecturers in class, studying along with groups in the room. This contemporary education period present a learning with an independent concept and it is free to learn anywhere and anytime. The research approach was  quantitative. The Research design was quasi-experimental. The research population was all the students who are in PAI 4 and PAI 6 semester I (odd) academic year 2020/2021. The data analysis techniques were used the SPSS24 application. The result of research showed that the learning outcomes of students in PAI 4 class following the learning process through Hybrid Learning as much as 89.70% succeed to achieve the average score of the minimum completeness criteria. The learning outcomes of students in PAI 6 as much as 91.68% succeed to achieve the average minimum completeness criteria. The use of Hybrid Learning effectively used in Indonesian language learning at STAIN Majene can be seen from the value of sig.(2-tailed)> 0.05 or 0.000>0.05, meaning that hypothesis 1 (H1) which states that Hybrid Learning is effectively used in learning at the Higher Lecturer level, especially in STAIN Majene.

 

Keywords: effectiveness, hybrid learning, virtual class, Indonesian language
Possibility of using submental flap for lower lip reconstruction
Authors: Danishchuk OI , Nazaryan DN , Karpova EI , Khachatryan AA , Razmadze SS
Published: November 2023

Head and neck reconstruction surgery is a challenging area of surgery that requires the surgeon to be familiar with various reconstructive options. Achieving both functionality and aesthetic harmony of facial proportions constitutes one of the most important aspects of the head and neck defect elimination. For that various methods are used involving application of local, regional and free flaps on vascular pedicles. The reconstructive method is selected based on the defect size, location, composition, as well as on the age, comorbidity, surgeon’s and patient’s preferences. Submental flap is a regional flap that has proven to be a reliable fasciocutaneous flap, the tissues of which are identical to that of the lower face in width, texture, and color. Long vascular pedicle ensures wide flap rotation arc, thereby allowing one to use the flap for elimination of defects of the upper and lower lips, mental region, tongue, floor of the mouth, and preauricular area. Damage to the donor site is minimal, it is cosmetically invisible due to the scar hidden in the mental region. The paper presents the results of surgical treatment of the 38-year-old female patient with the soft tissue defect of the lower third of the face and the lip resulting from trauma. The wound did not heal for more than six months, no improvement was observed. It was decided to eliminate the defect using a rotation submental flap. The patient was followed up for a year after surgery. We managed to achieve complete aesthetic and functional rehabilitation of the patient.