bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Flea (Insecta: Siphonaptera) Family Diversity
Authors: Bossard Robert L. , Lareschi Marcela , Urdapilleta Mara , Cutillas Cristina , Zurita Antonio
Published: September 2023

This overview of extant Siphonaptera lists 19 families with major hosts and general distribution, estimated numbers of genera, species, and subspecies, with a brief taxonomic and phylogenetic review. With around 10 new species described annually, global flea fauna has an estimated extant 249 genera, 2215 species, and 714 subspecies, mostly mammal parasites but 5% of species are on birds. Host specificity varies from euryxenous (i.e. infesting two or more host orders)(e.g. cat fleas, Ctenocephalides felis felis) to monoxenous (e.g. rabbit fleas, Spilopsyllus cuniculi) . The largest family is the paraphyletic Hystrichopsyllidae, making up a third of all flea species. The largest monophyletic family, Ceratophyllidae (rodent and bird fleas), comprise another 20%, and has dispersed to every continent including Antarctica. Fleas descend from scorpionflies (Mecoptera), possibly snow scorpionflies (Boreidae) or Nannochoristidae, and even giant fossils found from the Mesozoic could be Siphonaptera. Flea diversification shows evidence of taxon cycles: "Relict" families such as helmet fleas (Stephanocircidae) have a disjunct distribution reflecting the breakup of Gondwanaland, 70 million years ago. "Niche specialists" include nest fleas (Anomiopsyllus), bat fleas (Ischnopsyllidae), and burrowing fleas, the chigoes (Tungidae). By contrast, Ceratophyllidae fleas could be considered "great speciators". Cat fleas and several other synanthropic flea species are invasive "supertramps". Although those species are intensively studied, many flea species and their hosts require urgent surveys and conservation.
A Critical Analysis of the FDA Omics Perspective on Pharma-codynamic Biomarkers to Support Biosimilarity, and its Surrogates.
Authors: Niazi Sarfaraz
Published: September 2023

Demonstrating biosimilarity entails comprehensive analytical evaluations, clinical pharmacolo-gy profiling, and efficacy testing for at least one medical indication in patients. These require-ments are stipulated by the U.S. Biologics Price Competition and Innovation Act (BPCIA). The costliest element—efficacy testing—can be waived if other compliance benchmarks are satisfied, including comparing functional pharmacodynamic (PD) biomarkers, even when they do not di-rectly correlate with clinical outcomes. Most biological drugs, such as monoclonal antibodies (mAbs), lack identifiable PD biomarkers. The FDA has employed various 'omics' technologies to identify potential PD biomarkers, including proteomics, glycomics, transcriptomics, genomics, epigenomics, and metabolomics. Although these efforts provide a robust scientific basis for estab-lishing biosimilarity, they are neither practical nor necessarily superior to existing functional biomarkers, such as receptor binding and mode-of-action outcomes. As we report for the first time, these functional biomarkers can effectively serve as PD indicators for all FDA-licensed bio-logical drugs. We recommend that the FDA consider officially listing these functional biomarkers to expedite and reduce the cost of biosimilar development, thereby increasing the accessibility of biological drugs. PD surrogates, like the receptor binding and pharmacokinetic profiles, are more robust and offer a rational solution to finding PD markers to compare for establishing biosimi-larity.
Article Molecular Profile of Liver Tumors in the Setting of Fontan-Associated Liver Disease
Authors: Francalanci Paola , Giovannoni Isabella , Tancredi Chantal , Gagliardi Maria Giulia , Palmieri Rosalinda , Brancaccio Gianluca , Spada Marco , Maggiore Giuseppe , Pietrobattista Andrea , Monti Lidia , Castellano Aurora , Giustiniani Maria Cristina , Onetti Muda Andrea , Alaggio Rita
Published: September 2023

Purpose: To analyze the genetic and molecular profile of liver nodules in the context of Fontan-associated liver disease (FALD) with the aim of identifying possible biomarkers for predictive outcome and personalized therapy. Methods: this retrospective monocentric study included 9 patients who developed FALD in the context of congestive cirrhosis:1 regenerative nodular hyperplasia, 2 hepatic adenomas (HA) and 4 hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), 1 fibrolamellar carcinoma (FLC) and 1 intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC). The lesions were analyzed by histology and immunohistochemistry (b-catenin, glypican 3, glutamine synthetase and SOX9). To study the molecular profile of neoplastic FALD, targeted NGS was performed on DNA and RNA from formalin-fixed paraffin embedded neoplastic liver tissue of 1 HA, 2 HCCs, 1 FLC and 1 ICC. Results: Molecular analysis showed 3 patients with copy number alteration involving FGFR3, and one patient with a hotspot mutation on CTNNB1 and NRAS genes. All 5 patients showed a tumor mutational burden ranging from low to intermediate. Variants of unknown significance in GNAS were present in 2 HCC and 1 ICC. The single FLC had a DNAJB1-PRKACA fusion. Conclusions: The molecular results seem to be consistent with a peculiar molecular profile of the malignant FALD which may be useful for new target therapies for HCC/ICC in FALD.
Biomaterials in Traumatic Brain Injury: Challenges and Perspectives
Authors: Aqel Sarah , Al-Thani Najlaa , Haider Mohammad Z. , Abdelhady Samar , Al Thani Asmaa A. , Kobeissy Firas H. , Shaito Abdullah A.
Published: September 2023

Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is among the leading causes of mortality and long-term impairment globally. TBI has a dynamic pathology encompassing a variety of metabolic and molecular events that occur in two phases, primary and secondary. An external forceful blow to the brain initiates the primary phase, which is followed by a secondary phase that involves the release of calcium ions (Ca2+) and the initiation of a cascade of inflammatory processes, including mitochondrial dysfunction, rise in oxidative stress, activation of glial cells, and damage to the blood-brain barrier (BBB), resulting in paracellular leakage. There is currently no FDA-approved drug for TBI, but existing approaches rely on delivering small and macromolecular treatments, which are severely constrained by the BBB, poor retention, off-target toxicity, and complex pathology of TBI. Therefore, there is a demand for innovative and alternative therapeutics with effective delivery tactics for diagnosis and treatment of TBI. Tissue engineering and use of biomaterials is one such alternative approach. With this approach, neuronal stem cell therapy is combined with synthetically generated tissue materials such as hydrogels, self-assembling peptides, and electrospun nanofibers, which may induce neurite outgrowth, differentiation of human neural stem cells, and nerve gap bridging in TBI. This review examines tissue engineering and the use of biomaterials as potential treatments for TBI, including their synthesis, mechanisms of action, and limitations. The review also discusses challenges facing tissue engineering and biomaterial technology including survival rate of transplanted stem cells and the development of biodegradable, biocompatible, and mechanically flexible biomaterials. A better understanding of the mechanisms and drawbacks of these novel therapeutic approaches will help guide the design of future TBI therapies.
Investigating Laser-Induced Periodic Surface Structures (LIPSS) Formation in Silicon and Their Impact on Surface-Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy (SERS) Applications
Authors: Vaghasiya Hardik , Miclea Paul-Tiberiu
Published: September 2023

Laser-induced periodic surface structures (LIPSS) have gained significant attention due to their ability to modify the surface morphology of materials at the micro-nanoscale and show great promise for surface functionalization application. In this study, we specifically investigate the formation of LIPSS in silicon substrates and explore their impact on Surface-Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy (SERS) applications. This study reveals a stepwise progression of LIPSS formation in silicon, involving three distinct stages of LIPSS: 1) integrated Low-Spatial-Frequency LIPSS (LSFL) and High-Spatial-Frequency LIPSS (HSFL), 2) principally LSFL and 3) LSFL at the edge of the irradiated spot, elucidating the complex interplay between laser fluence, pulse number, and resulting surface morphology. Furthermore, from an application standpoint, these high-quality multi-scale periodic patterns lead to the next step of texturing the entire silicon surface with homogeneous LIPSS for SERS application. The potential of LIPSS-fabricated silicon substrates for enhancing SERS performance is investigated using thiophenol as a test molecule. The results indicate that the Au-coated combination of LSFL and HSFL substrate showcased the highest enhancement factor (EF) of 1.38 × 10^6. This pronounced enhancement is attributed to the synergistic effects of Localized Surface Plasmon Resonance (LSPR) and Surface Plasmon Polaritons (SPPs), intricately linked to HSFL and LSFL characteristics. These findings contribute to understanding LIPSS formation in silicon and their applications in surface functionalization and SERS, paving the way for sensing platforms.
Phase-Dependent Differential In Vitro and Ex Vivo Susceptibility of Aspergillus flavus and Fusarium keratoplasticum to Azole Antifungals
Authors: Roberts Darby , Salmon Jacklyn , Cubeta Marc A , Gilger Brian C
Published: September 2023

Fungal keratitis (FK) is an invasive infection of the cornea primarily associated with Aspergillus and Fusarium species. FK is treated empirically with a limited selection of topical antifungals with varying levels of success. Though clinical infections are typically characterized by a dense network of mature mycelium, traditional models used to test antifungal susceptibility of FK isolates exclusively evaluate susceptibility in fungal cultures derived from asexual spores known as conidia. The purpose of this study was to characterize differences in fungal response when topical antifungal treatment is initiated at progressive phases of fungal development. We compared efficacy of voriconazole and luliconazole against in vitro cultures of A. flavus and F. keratoplasticum at 0, 24, and 48 h of fungal development. A porcine cadaver corneal model was used to compare antifungal efficacy of voriconazole and luliconazole in ex vivo tissue cultures of A. flavus and F. keratoplasticum at 0, 24, and 48 h of fungal development. Our results demonstrate phase-dependent susceptibility of both A. flavus and F. keratoplasticum to both azoles in vitro as well as ex vivo. We conclude that traditional antifungal susceptibility testing with conidial suspensions does not correlate with fungal susceptibility in cultures of a more advanced developmental phase. A revised method of antifungal susceptibility testing that evaluates hyphal susceptibility may better predict fungal response in the clinical setting where treatment is often delayed until days after the initial insult.
CTHRC1: An Emerging Biomarker in Lung Fibrosis
Authors: Mukhatayev Zhussipbek , Adilbayeva Altynay , Kunz Jeannette
Published: September 2023

Pulmonary fibrosis is a chronic, progressive, and irreversible lung disease characterized by fibrotic scarring in the lung parenchyma. This condition involves the excessive accumulation of extracellular matrix (EM) due to a persistently activated wound-repair response. The aberrant activation of myofibroblasts in the alveolar environment by Transforming Growth Factor beta (TGF-β) and other signaling molecules is considered a key event in the development and progression of fibrosis. A primary target of TGF-β signaling in fibrosis is Collagen Triple Helix Repeat Containing 1 (CTHRC1), a secreted glycoprotein that plays a pivotal role in extracellular matrix deposition. CTHRC1 is transcriptionally regulated by TGF-β and inhibits both TGF-β and canonical Wnt signaling pathways. This dual function suggests that CTHRC1 is vital in regulating tissue remodeling during wound repair.
In this review, we will highlight recent studies suggesting that CTHRC1 can serve as a diagnostic and prognostic biomarker for fibrosis in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, rheumatoid arthritis-interstitial lung disease, systemic sclerosis, and post-COVID lung fibrosis. Notably, the expression of CTHRC1 is responsive to antifibrotic drugs such as pirfenidone indicating its potential as a therapeutic target. Collectively, these findings suggest that CTHRC1 may present new opportunities for the diagnosis, stratification, and treatment of patients with lung fibrosis.
Endothelial Effects of Simultaneous Expression of Human HO-1, E5NT, and ENTPD1 in a Mouse
Authors: Mierzejewska Paulina , Di Marzo Noemi , Zabielska-Kaczorowska Magdalena A. , Walczak Iga , Słominska Ewa M. , Lavitrano Marialuisa , Giovannoni Roberto , Kutryb-Zajac Barbara , Smolenski Ryszard T.
Published: September 2023

The vascular endothelium is key target for immune, and thrombotic responses that has to be controlled in successful xenotransplantation. Several genes were identified that if induced or overexpressed help to regulate the inflammatory response and preserve the transplanted organ function and metabolism. However, few studies addressed combined expression of such genes. The aim of this work was to evaluate in vivo the effects of the simultaneous expression of a three human genes in a mouse generated using the multi-cistronic F2A technology.
Male 3-month-old mice that express human heme oxygenase 1 (hHO-1), ecto-5’-nucleotidase (hE5NT), and ecto-nucleoside triphosphate diphosphohydrolase 1 (hENTPD1) (Transgenic) were compared to wild-type FVB mice (Control). Background analysis include extracellular nucleotide catabolism enzymes profile on the aortic surface, blood nucleotide concentration and serum L-arginine metabolites. Furthermore, inflammatory stress induced by LPS in transgenic and control mice was used to characterize interleukin 6 (IL-6) and adhesion molecules endothelium permeabil-ity responses.
Transgenic mice had significantly higher rates of extracellular adenosine triphosphate and adenosine monophosphate hydrolysis on the aortic surface in comparison to control. Increased levels of blood AMP and adenosine were also noticed in transgenics. Moreover, transgenic ani-mals demonstrated the decrease in serum monomethyl-L-arginine level and a higher L-arginine/ monomethyl-L-arginine ratio. Importantly, significantly decreased serum IL-6, and adhesion mol-ecule levels were observed in transgenic mice in comparison to control after LPS treatment. Fur-thermore, reduced endothelial permeability in the LPS-treated transgenic mice was noted as com-pared to LPS-treated control.
The human enzymes (hHO-1, hE5NT, hENTPD1) simultaneously encoded in transgenic mice demonstrated benefits in sev-eral biochemical and functional aspects of endothelium. This is consistent in use of this approach in the context of xenotransplantation.
Early Versus Late Caffeine and/or Non-Steroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs (NSAIDs) for Prevention of Intermittent Hypoxia Induced Neuroinflammation in the Neonatal Rat
Authors: Batool Myra , Cai Charles L. , Aranda Jacob V. , Beharry Kay D.
Published: September 2023

Preterm infants often experience frequent intermittent hypoxia (IH) episodes which is associated with neuroinflammation. We tested the hypotheses that early caffeine and/or non-steroidal in-flammatory drugs (NSAIDs) confer superior therapeutic benefits for protection against IH-induced neuroinflammation than late treatment. Newborn rats were exposed to IH or hy-peroxia (50% O2) from birth (P0) to P14. For early treatment, the pups were administered: 1) dai-ly caffeine citrate (Cafcit, 20 mg/kg IP loading on P0, followed by 5 mg/kg from P1-P14); 2) ke-torolac topical ocular solution in both eyes from P0 to P14; 3) ibuprofen (Neoprofen, 10 mg/kg loading dose on P0 followed by 5 mg/kg/day on P1 and P2); 4) caffeine+ketorolac co-treatment; 5) caffeine+ibuprofen co-treatment; or 6) equivalent volume saline. On P14, animals were placed in room air (RA) with no further treatment. For late treatment, pups received similar treatments from P15-P21 (caffeine and/or ketorolac), or P15-P17 (ibuprofen). RA control were similarly treated. At P21, whole brains were assessed for histopathology, apoptosis, mye-lination, and biomarkers of inflammation. IH caused significant inflammation, reduced mye-lination, and apoptosis in preterm rat brains, an effect that was improved predominantly with combined caffeine/NSAID early treatment. Early caffeine/NSAID co-treatment confers syner-gistic neuroprotection against IH-induced damage.
Immersive VR (Virtual Reality) Simulator for Vein Blood Sam-Pling
Authors: Kim Jun-Seong , Kim Kun-Woo , Yang Seong-Won , Chung Joong-Wha , Moon Seong-Yong
Published: September 2023

Vein blood sampling is one of the methods of mass blood sampling, and is an act of drawing blood from a vein for blood type discrimination, confirmation of various physiological indicators, disease diagnosis, and the like, and is the most commonly used blood sampling method. An important point in vein blood sampling is to search for the exact location of the vein and insert the blood sampling. This is influenced by the patient's obesity, skin and blood vessel conditions, and the experience of the clinical technologist, nurse, and resident who performs the blood sampling. It is required to perform blood sampling technique practice. However, due to many limitations of the practice room or laboratory, there is a problem of using only a limited environment and model for clinical practice. As a result, many medical educational institutions have situations in which only fragmentary clinical practices are performed, and it is difficult to per-form a large number of blood sampling skills practices, so they do not provide enough experience to understand the actual skill field. In this paper, we propose a method for developing a virtual reality-based vein blood sampling simulator to practice a large number of blood sampling techniques without restrictions. The proposed vein blood sampling simulator can operate a 3D model related to vein blood sampling using HMD Controller and Haptic in a virtual space for vein blood sampling practice by wearing an HMD (Head mounted display), and can perform vein blood sampling practice through interaction with the patient 3D model. there is. In addition, the effectiveness of the simulator developed for dental students was verified, and as a result of the verification, the potential of the proposed vein blood sampling simulator was confirmed.
PENGARUH KEPUASAN KERJA INTRINSIK DAN EKSTRINSIK TERHADAP EMPLOYEE ENGAGEMENT PADA PT BRI (PERSERO) KC MAGELANG
Authors: Ahmad Syarif Mutsanna  , Rohmawan Adi Pratama  , Islamiyah
Published: September 2023

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui dan menjelaskan Pengaruh Kepuasan Kerja Intrinsik Dan Ekstrinsik Terhadap Employee Engagement Pada  PT BRI (persero) KC Magelang Penelitian ini dikategorikan sebagai penelitian kuantitatif. Proses pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan metode survei, yakni dengan mendistribusikan kuesioner kepada responden. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan menyebarkan kuesioner kepada responden yakni karyawan atau pegawai PT BRI KC Magelang. Sampling yang digunakan ialah nonprobability sampling dengan kriteria purposive sampling. Kriteria yang ditetapkan untuk menjadi sampel penelitian ini adalah karyawan PT BRI KC Magelang dengan masa kerja lebih dari satu tahun. Jumlah populasi penelitian yang dilakukan dalam lingkup PT BRI KC Magelang adalah sebanyak 410 orang. Sampel yang ditargetkan dalam penelitian ini sebanyak 120 orang. Analisis data yang digunakan adalah analisis regresi linier berganda. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kepuasan kerja intrinsik dan kepuasan kerja ekstrinsik berpengaruh positif signifikan terhadap employee engagement. Kepuasan kerja intrinsik mengalami peningkatan. Walaupun terdapat aspek kepuasan kerja intrinsik yang dirasakan oleh karyawan BRI KC Magelang, ada beberapa aspek yang belum ditingkatkan dengan baik oleh manajemen seperti advancement dan growth. Dimensi di luar pekerjaannya, yakni kepuasan kerja ekstrinsik merupakan hak dari setiap karyawan dan berperan penting bagi keseimbangan kehidupan kerja.
PENGELOLAAN KEGIATAN EKSTRAKURIKULER DI SD MUHAMMADIYAH KALIABU KECAMATAN SALAMAN
Authors: Rachmat Subarkah  , Bigar R. Siswa  , Sri Rahayu  , Yulia Ita A.
Published: September 2023

Kegiatan Ekstrakurikuler merupakan kegiatan pendidikan yang diselenggarakan di luar jam sekolah, kegiatan ini bertujuan untuk membantu pengembangan siswa sesuai dengan kebutuhan, potensi, bakat dan minatnya melalui kegiatan yang dibimbing oleh guru pembina atau tenaga kependidikan yang memiliki kemampuan dan kewenangan pada bidangnya. Kegiatan ekstrakurikuler diselenggarakan secara berkala dan terprogram. Program pembinaan ekstrakurikuler bagi siswa di sekolah bertujuan untuk menunjang tujuan institusional dalam upaya pembentukan manusia Indonesia seutuhnya berdasarkan Pancasila. Satuan pendidikan dapat menyelenggarakan dengan lancar dan, rapi dan berdaya guna, apabila sekolah dalam penyelenggaraannya melakukan dengan manajemen yang baik dan benar. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan  pengelolaan kegiatan ekstrakurikuler di SD Muhammadiyah Kaliabu, Salaman. Selain itu juga bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan kendala yang dihadapi pihak sekolah serta menentukan solusi yang dapat digunakan untuk meningkatkan efektivitas dan efisiensi kegiatan ekstrakurikuler di sekolah. Pendekatan yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah pendekatan deskriptif kualitatif. Dalam pengumpulan data yang diperlukan digunakan alat observasi, wawancara, dokumen dan angket sederhana. Sedangkan analisis data dilakukan melalui reduksi data, penyajian data, dan penarikan kesimpulan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa dalam pengelolaan secara rata-rata belum optimal. Terutama dalam pengorganisasian, pelaksanaan dan pengawasan. Kendala yang dihadapi oleh pihak sekolah yaitu kurangnya koordinasi dan kerja sama antara kepala sekolah dengan pembina ekstrakurikuler. Untuk mengurangi hambatan tersebut diusulkan diadakan rapat evaluasi tiap akhir tahun guna menilai hasil kinerja serta memprogram kegiatan untuk tahun ajaran baru. Kegiatan ini harus diikuti oleh seluruh stakeholder sekolah.
PENGUKURAN KINERJA SUPPLY CHAIN MANAGEMENT CV. INDUSTRI CLASSICA VARIASI MENGGUNAKAN METODE SCOR
Authors: Hamzah Hafidz  , Novi Ria Rahmawati
Published: September 2023

Kinerja yang maksimal dalam perusahaan dari awal hingga akhir membuat kualitas  barang yang dihasilkan meningkat pula. Penelitian ini didasarkan pada penemuan studi lapangan yang dilakukan pada CV. Industri Classica Variasi. Ditemukan bahwa terdapat keterlambatan pengadaan bahan baku oleh supplier dan adanya klaim yang dilakukan oleh buyer. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi kendala yang terjadi dalam pelaksanaan supply chain serta mengukur kinerja supply chain management. Metode pengolahan data menggunakan Supply Chain Operations Reference (SCOR) dengan analisis menggunakan Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP). Dalam penelitian ini memperoleh hasil bahwa nilai akhir kinerja supply chain management pada CV. Industri Classica Variasi adalah sebesar 80,6 yang berarti masuk dalam kategori good. Dari 16 KPI yang ada nilai tertinggi ada pada sub atribut PRl-03 atau perencanaan tingkat kualitas barang yang memiliki nilai kinerja sebesar 15. Sedangkan untuk penilaian terendah terdapat pada proses Make dengan KPI MRl-01 atau penggunaan barang hasil produksi yang memiliki nilai kinerja sebesar 0,08.
PENGARUH KONTEN INSTAGRAM TERHADAP KEPUTUSAN PEMBELIAN INDOMIE RAMEN SERIES
Authors: Nandita Kristy Feren Nandita , Pradipa Bondan Dhanu , Wati Levina Sinta , Azzahra Marisha Nikovia , Dewanto Satria
Published: September 2023

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengetahui pengaruh konten Instagram terhadap keputusan pembelian Indomie Ramen Series se-Solo Raya. Metode pengambilan sampel yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah nonprobability sampling dengan Teknik purposive sampling. Total sampel dalam penelitian ini adalah 50 responden. Metode pengumpulan data menggunakan kuesioner. Analisis data yang digunakan yaitu Uji Instrumen validitas dan reliabilitas, Uji asumsi klasik, uji hipotesis dan analisis regresi linear berganda dengan menggunakan program SPSS 25 for windows. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa semua item pernyataan setiap variabel valid dan reliable. Metode penelitian memenuhi kriteria uji asumsi klasik terdapat uji normalitas, uji multikolinearitas, uji heteroskedastisitas. Berdasarkan hasil uji parsial (uji t) diperoleh hasil bahwa variabel konten Instagram berpengaruh signifikan terhadap keputusan pembelian.
IMPLEMENTASI KEBIJAKAN ASEAN CUSTOMS TRANSIT SYSTEM (ACTS) DI INDONESIA
Authors: Dama Yuninata  , JS I Putu Wahyu , Indro Herry Mulyanto
Published: September 2023

Perkembangan Logistik ASEAN dalam beberapa tahun kebelakang berkembang pesat. Volume aktivitas terjadi peningkatan di beberapa negara secara konsisten. berkembang. Kebijakan ASEAN yang telah disepakati oleh negara ASEAN yaitu ASEAN Customs Transit System (ACTS). Dampak kebijakan akan mempengaruhi persaingan bisnis yang ada di Indonesia. Perusahaan Indonesia harus beradaptasi dengan kebijakan internasional dalam lingkup ASEAN. Studi ini menggunakan metode deskriptif kualitatif dan alat analisa menggunakan studi literasi. Dalam studi ini menunjukkan bahwa Indonesia baik pemerintah sebagai regulator dan perusahaan logistik harus bersinergi agar arah kebijakan ACTS memiliki dampak yang positif. Namun kebijakan ACTS akan membuat tantangan baru untuk para stakeholder logistic di Indonesia.
DETERMINING AUTONOMOUS SENSORY MERIDIAN RESPONSE (ASMR) EFFECT ON ADVERTISING EFFECTIVENESS BY USING CONTENT ANALYSIS
Authors: TOKMAK DANIŞMAN Gizem
Published: September 2023

Autonomous Sensory Meridian Response which is abbreviated as ASMR, is emerging as a content that brands prefer to use in their ads recently. However, the effects of ASMR contents on consumers can be positive as well as negative, making ASMR contents a risky choice for brands. In the literature, the outputs on the advertising effectiveness of ASMR contents are quite insufficient. Based on this gap, it is aimed to reveal the effect of ASMR on advertising effectiveness by obtaining consumer insights into ASMR contents in ads. For this purpose, ASMR-containing Permolit Paint and LC Waikiki (LCW) ads published in Turkey were determined and the comments for these ads in the digital media platforms were analyzed by content analysis. The results showed that both ASMR ads were mostly evaluated as relaxing and positive, but also provided a positive behavioral attitude such as using the brand and voluntarily watching the ads repeatedly. Yet, some auditory triggers, especially whispering and contact with the product surface, were found to be a prominent source of negative attitude towards LCW's advertisement.
La difusión de contenidos científicos en redes sociales: los divulgadores científicos en Twitter en mayo del 2020
Authors:   , Aguilar Tello Valeria Luisa
Published: September 2023

La era digital ha traído consigo métodos innovadores para que los seres humanos se comuniquen, transmitan información y difundan sus conocimientos. Dentro del campo científico, la divulgación de la ciencia ha sido parte del cambio, pues esta busca redefinir su actividad tradicional para adaptarse a las nuevas necesidades de su público. El presente artículo propone una mirada a las características de los nuevos contenidos científicos, publicados por divulgadores a través de Twitter, una red social con muchos beneficios. Además, nos da una idea del alcance y visibilidad que estos tienen en base al género y la academia.
Characterization of the Fusarium circinatum biofilm environmental response role
Authors: Ratsoma Francinah M , Mokoena Nthabiseng Z , Santana Quentin C , Wingfield Brenda D , Steenkamp Emma T , Motaung Thabiso E
Published: September 2023

The capacity to form biofilms forms part of the life history traits of nearly all microorganisms present on earth. In this study, we demonstrate for the first time that the fatal pine pitch canker agent, Fusarium circinatum, can lead a biofilm-like lifestyle with aggregated hyphal bundles wrapped in extracellular matrix (ECM). Our study suggests that F. circinatum biofilms respond to a changing environment, demonstrated by poor and optimal biofilm development under particular abiotic conditions, including temperature and pH. Further analysis revealed that while planktonic cells produced small amounts of ECM per unit of the biomass, heat- and azole-exposed biofilms produced significantly more ECM than non-exposed biofilms. The increased synthesis of ECM in biofilms due to these abiotic factors underscores biofilm importance in response to various stress conditions, demonstrating the adaptability of F. circinatum to changing environments. Interestingly, azole exposure also led to biofilms that were resistant to DNase, which typically uncouples biofilms by penetrating and degrading biofilm extracellular DNA; we propose that DNases were likely hindered from reaching target cells by the ECM barricade, a phenomenon prevalent in most biofilm-forming pathogens of humans. The interplay between antifungal treatment and DNase enzyme suggests a complex relationship between eDNA, ECM, and antifungal agents in F. circinatum biofilms. Therefore, our results show how a phytopathogen’s sessile (biofilm) lifestyle could influence its response to the surrounding environment.
Efficacy of Surface Applications of Diaterra® against Sitophilus granarius L. (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) and Tribolium castaneum (Herbst) (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae)
Authors: Alkan Mustafa , Atay Turgut , Tarhanacı Betül , Ertürk Sait
Published: September 2023

The present study investigated the insecticidal efficacy of Diaterra®, a native diatomaceous earth, against two significant stored grain pests, the grain weevil (Sitophilus granariusL., Coleoptera: Curculionidae) and the red flour beetle (Tribolium castaneumHerbst, Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae). To control of insect pests in stores or warehouses, grain industry relies on synthetic insecticides, but they have significant environmental and health risks. Diatomaceous earth offers a natural and environmentally friendly alternative. In addition, it is safe for wildlife, leaves no residues, and effectively controls pests. In the study, different doses (0.25, 0.5, 1, 2, and 4 g/m2) of diatomaceous earth were applied on concrete and wooden surface. A mortality of 100.0% was achieved forS. granariuson the wooden surface at a dose of 4g/m2during the 96-hour and subsequent application periods, whereas forT. castaneum, this rate was recorded as 88.9% under the same dose and a 192-hour application period. On the concrete surface, a mortality rate of 100.0% was achieved forS. granariusat a dose of 4g/m2after 120 hours of exposure. In contrast, forT. castaneum, this rate did not exceed 59.5% even with the same dose and a 192-hour application period. Under controlled laboratory conditions, a dose of 4 g/m2of Diaterra® showed efficacy in managingS. granariuspopulations on wooden and concrete surfaces. The desired level of efficacy was not achieved forT. castaneumon either surface type. Based on the data obtained from this study, it can be concluded that prolonged exposure to diatomaceous earth leads to enhanced insecticidal efficacy against bothS. granariusandT. castaneumon different surface types. This study emphasizes the importance of considering application duration and surface type as critical factors in maximizing the effectiveness of diatomaceous earth applications.
The Difficult Coughing Infant
Authors: Shoo Aika , Lyimo Frederick , Godfrey Evance , Simbila Alphonce , Kajuna Rachel , Mumburi Livin , DeAlmeida Mary , Mkopi Namala
Published: September 2023

Bronchoesophageal fistula (BEF) is an anomalous connection between the bronchial tree and the esophagus, which can be either congenital or acquired. This case study presents the clinical scenario of a six-month-old male infant of African descent with a history of recurrent cough and breathing difficulties since birth. The patient had received treatment for pneumonia without improvement. Following a thorough series of investigations, the diagnosis of Bronchoesophageal fistula (BEF) was confirmed prompting the decision to proceed with surgical intervention. The case highlights the importance of maintaining a high index of suspicion to accurately diagnose BEF.
Causal relationship between blood metabolites and inflammatory bowel disease: a metabolome-wide mendelian randomization study
Authors: Huang Yu-Liang , Li Min , Zheng Jin-Min , Shi Zheng-Yi , Chen Huan-Huan , Wang Xiao-Tong , Kong Fan-Biao
Published: September 2023

Background
Prior investigations have indicated a link between metabolic disorders and immune-mediated bowel disease (IBD). Nevertheless, a conclusive causal relationship between metabolites and the facilitation or prevention of IBD remains elusive. Therefore, the primary aim of this study is to evaluate the causal association between 486 blood metabolites and IBD using a two-sample multivariable Mendelian randomization analysis.
Method
This research employed a genome-wide association study (GWAS) of 486 metabolites as the exposure, with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), Crohn's disease (CD), and ulcerative colitis (UC) as the outcomes. Causal analysis predominantly utilized the inverse variance-weighted (IVW) method, complemented by MR-Egger and weighted median analysis methods. Rigorous sensitivity analyses, including Cochran's Q test, MR-Egger intercept test, MR-presso, and leave-one-out analysis, were conducted to ensure the robustness of the results. Moreover, reverse MR and LD score regression (LDSC) analyses were performed to address concerns related to reverse causation, genetic correlation, and linkage disequilibrium (LD). To directly assess the impact of metabolites on IBD, a multivariable MR approach was employed. Additionally, metabolic pathway analysis was carried out using the web-based tool MetaboAnalyst 5.0. All statistical analyses were executed using R software, guaranteeing the rigor and accuracy of the study's findings.
Result
In this comprehensive MR analysis, we identified a total of 45 metabolites showing significant associations with various IBD phenotypes. By conducting complementary and sensitivity analyses, we identified 4, 8, and 4 metabolites that demonstrated noteworthy correlations with IBD, CD, and UC, respectively. Furthermore, our metabolic pathway analysis unveiled 8 essential metabolic pathways shared between IBD and CD phenotypes. These findings offer valuable insights into the potential contribution of specific metabolites and pathways to the development of IBD and its subtypes, providing potential targets for further research and therapeutic interventions.
Conclusion
Our study findings indicate that the identified metabolites and metabolic pathways hold promise as reliable circulating metabolic biomarkers for clinical screening and prevention of IBD. Additionally, they represent potential candidate molecules for further mechanistic investigations in future research.
Targeting Gastric Cancer Cell Proliferation: Unraveling the Therapeutic Potential of Oxidized Matrine Modulation of the TGF-β/Smad Pathway
Authors: Jin Zhengsen , Huang Zhihong , Zhang Fanqin , Gao YIfei , Guo Siyu , Tao Xiaoyu , Lu Shan , Zhang Jingyuan , Huang Jiaqi , Zhai Yiyan , Shi Rui , Ye Peizhi , Wu Jiarui
Published: September 2023

Background
Gastric carcinoma (GC) remains a significant therapeutic challenge, garnering widespread attention. Oxymatrine (OMT), an active component of the traditional Chinese medi-cine compound Kushen injection (CKI), has shown promising results in combination with chemotherapy for the treatment of GC. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying OMT's therapeutic effects in GC have yet to be elucidated.
Methods
In this study, we employed a comprehensive research framework, comprising cellular experiments, transcriptome sequencing, the construction of a competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) network and bioinformatics analysis, to investigate the potential role of oxymatrine in gastric cancer.
Results
Our findings revealed that OMT inhibits gastric cancer cell proliferation through the TGF-β/Smad pathway. Key genes involved in this pathway were identified as TGFBR2, E2F2.
Conclusion
OMT effectively suppresses gastric cancer cell growth by modulating the TGF-β/Smad pathway, with TGFBR2 and E2F2 playing pivotal roles. This study provides novel insights into the pathogenesis of gastric cancer involving OMT and explores its potential as a promising new target for traditional Chinese medicine-based therapy.
Syntactic Analysis of SMOSS Model Combined with Improved LSTM Model: Taking English Writing Teaching as an Example
Authors: Yan Ke
Published: September 2023

In order to improve learners' syntactic understanding and writing ability, thus effectively improving the quality of English writing teaching, this paper explores the method of combining Sequential Matching on Sliding Window Sequences (SMOSS) model with improved Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) model in English writing teaching to improve the effect of syntactic analysis. Firstly, this paper analyzes the structure of SMOSS model. Secondly, this paper optimizes the traditional LSTM model by using Connectist Temporal Classification (CTC), and proposes an English text error detection model. Meanwhile, this paper combines the SMOSS model with the optimized LSTM model to form a comprehensive syntactic analysis framework, and designs and implements the structure and code of the framework. Finally, on the one hand, the semantic disambiguation performance of the model is tested by using SemCor data set. On the other hand, taking English writing teaching as an example, the proposed method is further verified by designing a comparative experiment in groups. The results show that: (1) From the experimental data of word sense disambiguation, the accuracy of the SMOSS-LSTM model proposed in this paper is the lowest when the context range is "3 + 3", then it rises in turn at "5 + 5" and "7 + 7", reaches the highest at "7 + 7", and then begins to decrease at "10 + 10"; (2) Compared with the control group, the accuracy of syntactic analysis in the experimental group reached 89.5%, while that in the control group was only 73.2%. (3) In the aspect of English text error detection, the detection accuracy of the proposed model in the experimental group is as high as 94.8%, which is significantly better than the traditional SMOSS-based text error detection method, and its accuracy is only 68.3%. This paper verifies the effectiveness and practicability of applying SMOSS model and improved LSTM model to the syntactic analysis task in English writing teaching, and provides new ideas and methods for the application of syntactic analysis in English teaching.
Success rate of adrenal venous sampling and the location of right adrenal vein orifice: a retrospective study
Authors: Bai Minfu , Zhao Qiuping , Dong Jiajia , Yang Xiaomo , Wang Xiaohui , Gao Chuanyu
Published: September 2023

Background
Adrenal venous sampling (AVS) is the gold standard to identify aldosterone-producing adenoma and bilateral adrenal hyperplasia. The present study aims to report the success rate of AVS and distribution characteristics of the right adrenal vein orifice(RAVO).
Methods
166 patients diagnosed as primary aldosteronism, and who underwent AVS, were retrospectively reviewed.
Results
The success rates of right and left blood samplings were 91.0% and 94.3%, respectively. The success rate of bilateral blood samplings was 86.1%. The success of left blood samplings was statistical significance in weight (p = 0.03). The 151 patients whose right blood samplings were successful were divided into 5 groups according to the RAVO. In 130 (86%) of the 151 patients, the RAVO was mainly located at a level ranging from the upper segment of T11 to the lower segment of T12. Ages were statistical significance among 5 groups (p = 0.001).
Conclusions
The success rate of AVS in present study was rather high. The RAVO was mainly located at a level ranging from the upper segment of T11 to the lower segment of T12. The lower age were associated with the higher level of RAVO.
Role of allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation in patients with high-risk T-cell lymphoblastic leukaemia/lymphoma: An analysis of clinical outcomes
Authors: Deng Lan , Zhang Xiaoting , Pang Yuyang , Wei Cong , Liang Dan , Yang Shaoxin , Zhao Chong , Huang Rui
Published: September 2023

Allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT) is believed to be an effective treatment for high-risk (HR) T-cell lymphoblastic leukaemia/lymphoma (T-ALL/LBL), a rare but highly aggressive disease. This study aimed to analyse the treatment outcomes of allo-HSCT in adult patients with HR T-ALL/LBL.
From January 2005 to April 2022, we retrospectively analysed 56 adult patients with HR T-ALL/LBL who underwent allo-HSCT. Multivariate analysis showed that central nervous system (CNS) involvement and disease status at transplantation in second complete remission (≥CR2) were independent risk factors for overall survival (OS), whereas the development of chronic graft-versus-host disease (cGVHD) after allo-HSCT was an independent protective factor for OS. Independent risk factors for leukaemia-free survival were disease status at transplantation in ≥CR2 and the development of cGVHD after allo-HSCT. The independent protective factor for cumulative incidences of relapse was the development of cGVHD after transplantation. The disease status at transplantation in ≥CR2 was also an independent risk factor for non-relapse mortality. In conclusion, Allo-HSCT was effective for treating patients with HR T-ALL/LBL. CNS involvement during treatment, disease status at transplantation, and the development of cGVHD after transplantation were independent prognostic factors affecting treatment outcomes.
Evaluation of alcohol use behavior among patients cured through HCV elimination program in Georgia
Authors: Butsashvili Maia , Gulbiani Lasha , Gudavadze Salome , Kamkamidze Tina , Kajaia Maia , Kanchelashvili Giorgi , Kamkamidze George
Published: September 2023

Objective
The objective of the study was to understand the role of drinking behavior on liver health after achieving sustained viral response (SVR) among HCV patients.
Results
The study was conducted in HCV treatment provider clinics in three cities of Georgia (Tbilisi, Batumi and Telavi). Face-to-face interviews were conducted using questionnaire developed for this study. FIB-4 score or liver elastography were used to assess the liver fibrosis level. Overall, 438 patients were enrolled in the study. Of those, 9.6% were ≤ 35 years old, 82.9% male, 70.5% married, 62.7% employed, 36.6% had university degree. 9.5% consider themselves heavy drinkers; 94.2% knew that heavy alcohol consumption can progress liver fibrosis. 97.8% abstained from alcohol during treatment with 76.6% resuming drinking after achieving SVR. 52.1% felt moderate alcohol intake is normal for those with low fibrosis scores. Liver fibrosis improvement was more prevalent among individuals avoiding alcohol after HCV diagnosis (85.4% vs 71.4%, P < 0.01) or after achieving SVR (87.5% vs 74.7% of those resuming drinking after achieving SVR, P < 0.02). In conclusion, majority of HCV patients do not drink alcohol during treatment, but resume drinking after achieving SVR. People abstaining from alcohol intake after HCV cure have higher chance of liver fibrosis improvement.
Drought stress alters rubber molecular weight and relative expression levels of key genes -involved in natural rubber production in rubber dandelion, Taraxacum kok-saghyz
Authors: Mofidi Seyed Shahab Hedayat , Naghavi Mohammad Reza , Sabokdast Manijeh , Jariani Parisa , Cornish Katrina
Published: September 2023

Natural rubber (NR) is a vital raw material for many industries, but its main source, Hevea brasiliensis, is vulnerable to diseases and climate change. Taraxacum kok-saghyz (rubber dandelion, TKS) is an alternative source of NR that can grow in temperate regions. This study investigated the effect of drought stress on NR biosynthesis and quality in TKS roots. Drought stress didn’t affect the total rubber content, but increased the molecular weight (Mw) of the rubber significantly. The highest Mw was observed under severe drought stress, which also induced the highest expression of CPT and SRPP genes, which are involved in NR production. The rubber from TKS roots (TNR) had a high Mw of 994,000 g/mol under normal irrigation and a low glass transition temperature (Tg) of below − 60°C, indicating its industrial potential. Drought stress also increased the levels of proline, H2O2, MDA, and antioxidant enzymes (CAT, APX, GPX) in TKS roots, indicating a drought response mechanism. These results suggest that TKS can produce good quality NR under drought stress conditions and can be cultivated in regions with water scarcity.
Comprehensive Benefit Assessment of the Middle Route of South-to-North Water Diversion Project Based on Markowitz Theory
Authors: Long Yan , Qu Jia , Gao Wei , Liu Yuxin , Yang Yilin
Published: September 2023

In order to maximize the water utilization rate of the complex water diversion projects at different times and in different regions, this study takes the actual benefits from 2015 to 2021 in Beijing, Tianjin, Hebei province and Henan province in the water receiving areas of the middle route project as the basis, and selects nine representative indicators regarding social, economic and ecological benefits. Then the Markowitz theory in economics is used to calculate the combination of water allocation for the project to achieve the maximum comprehensive benefits, and a Markowitz model for water conservancy projects is built. The results show that the maximum comprehensive benefits of the project are achieved when 79.9% of the transferred water is used to produce social benefits, 15.8% to produce ecological benefits and 4.5% to produce economic benefits.
Priorities identification of habitat restoration for migratory birds under the early dry season: A case study of Poyang Lake and Dongting Lake wetlands, China
Authors: Wu Haipeng , Wang Guiqiao , Dai Juan , Long Yuannan , Zhou Lu , Mo Sihao , Yang Ruiqing , Cai Xiaoxi
Published: September 2023

Context: Poyang Lake (PYL) and Dongting Lake (DTL), as the two largest freshwater lakes in China, play crucial roles in biodiversity conservation and water resource allocation. However, due to the combined impacts of human activities and climate change, the timing of their early dry season (EDS) has significantly changed in recent years, leading to ecological and economic issues. It is essential to conduct priority identification of wetland restoration, because of the limitations of funds, policies, and manpower.
Objectives: We determine 1) a priority identification framework based on habitat suitability changes and weight data of migratory birds; 2) priority areas for habitat restoration of PYL and DTL wetlands; and 3) habitat restoration efficiency in priority areas.
Methods: We combined habitat suitability data for migratory birds with studies of early dry season to identify priority restoration areas. We use three landscape pattern indices and spatial autocorrelation analysis to investigate the distribution pattern of key areas and evaluate the efficiency of habitat restoration.
Results: The area of PYL wetland of very high, high, low, and very low priorities for wetland restoration is 90.19, 463.48, 404.47, and 2498.42 km2, respectively. And that of DTL wetland is 109.61, 381.46, 331.68, and 1809.27 km2, respectively. The PYL wetland exhibits a high degree of fragmentation in low-priority areas. In contrast, the DTL wetland exhibits fragmentation in both high-priority and very high-priority areas.
Conclusion: The high priority and very priority areas of these two wetlands should be the focus of restoration efforts as they are the most efficient for habitat restoration. The result is of great significance for the conservation of resources and biodiversity in wetlands.