bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Biopolymer-Based Films from Sodium Alginate and Citrus Pectin Reinforced with SiO2
Authors: Marangoni Júnior Luís , Fozzatti Camila Rodrigues , Jamróz Ewelina , Vieira Roniérik Pioli , Alves Rosa Maria Vercelino
Published: May 2022

Blend films based on sodium alginate (SA) and citrus pectin (P) reinforced with different concentrations of SiO2 (0–10% w/w) were developed in this study. From the morphological (SEM) and structural (FT-IR) evaluation, it was verified that the incorporation of the reinforcing agent did not drastically modify the microstructure of the films, nor did new chemical bonds form. However, the XRD results suggested a slight reduction in the crystallinities of the blends by the incorporation of SiO2. Among the formulations prepared, the addition of a 5% reinforcing agent was responsible for the simultaneous improvement of mechanical and barrier properties. Comparing the control sample (SA/P) with the SA/P/5.0%SiO2 film, the tensile strength increased from 27.7 ± 3.7 to 40.6 ± 4.5 MPa, and the water-vapor transmission rate decreased from 319.8 ± 38.7 to 288.9 ± 23.5 g m−2 day−1. Therefore, SiO2, as a reinforcing agent in SA/P blends, represents a simple and effective strategy for improving the properties of biopolymer-based films in applications, such as packaging.
Acoustic Metamaterials for Low-Frequency Noise Reduction Based on Parallel Connection of Multiple Spiral Chambers
Authors: Duan Haiqin , Yang Fei , Shen Xinmin , Yin Qin , Wang Enshuai , Zhang Xiaonan , Yang Xiaocui , Shen Cheng , Peng Wenqiang
Published: May 2022

Acoustic metamaterials based on Helmholtz resonance have perfect sound absorption characteristics with the subwavelength size, but the absorption bandwidth is narrow, which limits the practical applications for noise control with broadband. On the basis of the Fabry–Perot resonance principle, a novel sound absorber of the acoustic metamaterial by parallel connection of the multiple spiral chambers (abbreviated as MSC-AM) is proposed and investigated in this research. Through the theoretical modeling, finite element simulation, sample preparation and experimental validation, the effectiveness and practicability of the MSC-AM are verified. Actual sound absorption coefficients of the MSC-AM in the frequency range of 360–680 Hz (with the bandwidth Δf1 = 320 Hz) are larger than 0.8, which exhibit the extraordinarily low-frequency sound absorption performance. Moreover, actual sound absorption coefficients are above 0.5 in the 350–1600 Hz range (with a bandwidth Δf2 = 1250 Hz), which achieve broadband sound absorption in the low–middle frequency range. According to various actual demands, the structural parameters can be adjusted flexibly to realize the customization of sound absorption bandwidth, which provides a novel way to design and improve acoustic metamaterials to reduce the noise with various frequency bands and has promising prospects of application in low-frequency sound absorption.
Barrier Diamond-like Carbon Coatings on Polydimethylsiloxane Substrate
Authors: Kaczorowski Witold , Batory Damian , Szymański Witold , Lauk Klaudia , Stolarczyk Jakub
Published: May 2022

The plasma modification of polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) substrates is one way to change their surface geometry, which enables the formation of wrinkles. However, these changes are very often accompanied by the process of restoring the hydrophobic properties of the modified material. In this work, the RF PACVD device (radio frequency plasma-assisted chemical vapor deposition) was used, with which the plasma treatment of PDMS substrates was carried out in argon, nitrogen, oxygen, and methane atmospheres at variable negative biases ranging from 100 V to 500 V. The obtained results show the stability of contact angles for deionized water only in the case of surfaces modified by diamond-like carbon (DLC) coatings. The influence of the applied production conditions on the thickness (between 10 and 30 nm) and chemical structure (ID/IG between 0.41 and 0.8) of DLC coatings is discussed. In the case of plasma treatments with other gases introduced into the working chamber, the phenomenon of changing from hydrophilic to hydrophobic properties after the modification processes was observed. The presented results confirm the barrier nature of the DLC coatings produced on the PDMS substrate.
Mitigation of Torsional Vibrations in a Modular Drivetrain with Interleaving Control
Authors: van Os David , Verkroost Lynn , Sergeant Peter , Vansompel Hendrik , Stockman Kurt
Published: May 2022

In order to meet requirements in machine design, modularity is often brought forward as a way to cope with load variations and adaptability of the architecture. The considered modular drivetrain consists of several identical induction motors, called motor modules, in cascade on the same shaft. However, implementing a modular drivetrain design evidently has an impact on the performance of the application. New opportunities may arise, such as improved motion dynamics and tolerance to failures. However, on other aspects, e.g., torsional vibrations and synchronization, performance can be negatively influenced. By adding multiple actuators in the drivetrain, additional sources of torque ripple are introduced. The aim of this article is first to investigate the impact of using a modular design on the torsional vibrations in the drivetrain, and second to mitigate these vibrations via an interleaving strategy of the PWM (pulse-width modulation) signals. Simulations and experimental data show that the modular setup requires a proper control strategy in order to ensure that the torsional vibrations in the system remain within the range of a traditional non-modular design. Interleaving of the PWM carrier waveforms in the different motor modules is proposed as a control method to mitigate the torsional vibrations identified in the modular drivetrain. This strategy results in a drivetrain setup that slightly outperforms the benchmark in terms of torsional vibrations.
Effective Identification and Localization of Single and Multiple Breathing Cracks in Beams under Gaussian Excitation Using Time-Domain Analysis
Authors: Al-hababi Tareq , Alkayem Nizar Faisal , Zhu Huaxin , Cui Li , Zhang Shixiang , Cao Maosen
Published: May 2022

The output response of any intact oscillatory system subjected to a Gaussian excitation is also Gaussian in nature. On the contrary, when the system contains any type of underlying nonlinearity, the output signal is definitely non-Gaussian. In beam structures, the presence of fatigue-breathing cracks significantly influences the dynamic response characteristics under Gaussian excitation. The presence of such cracks alters the response to be nonlinear, and the non-Gaussianity of the system will arise. In order to examine the non-Gaussianity features and ability for the detection and localization of fatigue cracks, several breathing crack identification scenarios in beam-like structures are presented in this paper. The effects of single and multiple breathing cracks corresponding to different boundary conditions on the responses of beams are studied. The results are analyzed based on the higher-order time-domain transformations. Higher-order transformations, namely the skewness and kurtosis coefficients in addition to the Shannon entropy, are exploited to provide dynamic details about the response, which the conventional second-order statistics cannot show. The results exhibit that the proposed methods are robust and immune to noise and can detect and localize breathing cracks with different sensitivities.
Damping Optimization of Linear Vibrational Systems with a Singular Mass Matrix
Authors: Truhar Ninoslav , Petrač Maja
Published: May 2022

We present two novel results for small damped oscillations described by the vector differential equation Mx¨+Cx˙+Kx=0, where the mass matrix M can be singular, but standard deflation techniques cannot be applied. The first result is a novel formula for the solution X of the Lyapunov equation ATX+XA=−I, where A=A(v) is obtained from M,C(v)∈Rn×n, and K∈Rn×n, which are the so-called mass, damping, and stiffness matrices, respectively, and rank(M)=n−1. Here, C(v) is positive semidefinite with rank(C(v))=1. Using the obtained formula, we propose a very efficient way to compute the optimal damping matrix. The second result was obtained for a different structure, where we assume that dim(N(M))≥1 and internal damping exists (usually a small percentage of the critical damping). For this structure, we introduce a novel linearization, i.e., a novel construction of the matrix A in the Lyapunov equation ATX+XA=−I, and a novel optimization process. The proposed optimization process computes the optimal damping C(v) that minimizes a function v↦trace(ZX) (where Z is a chosen symmetric positive semidefinite matrix) using the approximation function g(v)=cv+av+bv, for the trace function f(v)≐trace(ZX(v)). Both results are illustrated with several corresponding numerical examples.
An Output Feedback Controller for a Second-Order System Subject to Asymmetric Output Constraint Based on Lyapunov Function with Unlimited Domain
Authors: Rincón Alejandro , Hoyos Fredy E. , Candelo-Becerra John E.
Published: May 2022

In this work, a new robust controller is designed for a second-order plant model, considering asymmetric output constraints. The tracking error convergence and output constraint are achieved by using a control law whose output feedback term is user-defined and bounded: it takes on large but finite and user-defined values for tracking error values equal to or higher than the constraint boundary, and it comprises a previously known user-defined function for tracking error values far from the constraint boundary. This is a significant contribution that remedies two important limitations of common output constraint control designs: the infinite control effort for tracking error equal to or higher than the constraint boundary, and the impossibility of using previously known user-defined functions in the output feedback function for tracking error values far from the constraint boundary. As another contribution, the control design is based on the dead-zone Lyapunov function, which facilitates the achievement of convergence to a compact set with user-defined size, avoidance of discontinuous signals in the controller, and robustness to model uncertainty or disturbances. The proposed output feedback term consists of the product between two functions of the tracking error, an increasing function and a sigmoid function, whose exact expressions are user-defined. Finally, the effectiveness of the developed controller is illustrated by the simulation of substrate concentration tracking in a continuous flow stirred bioreactor.
Self-Learning Geometric Transformations: A Framework for the “Before and After” Style of Exercises
Authors: González-Campos José Saúl , Arnedo-Moreno Joan , Sánchez-Navarro Jordi
Published: May 2022

After the long period of mandatory distance learning, either synchronous or asynchronous, caused by the COVID-19 pandemic, the existence of learning tools to support students in similar scenarios is welcomed in many curriculum subjects. Geometric transformations are relevant in mathematics and an omnipresent topic in the computer graphics curriculum that needs plenty of visual tools and learning-by-doing environments. In this work, we propose a framework based on an extended Translation-Rotation-Scale (TRS) pattern to generate composite transformations to support a specific style of learning exercises that we call “before and after”. The pattern, together with specific constraints to reduce the domain into a finite set of cases, allows the automatic exercises generation, evaluation, and real-time feedback. Two pieces of software, called GTVisualizer and GTCards, were developed to empirically test the proposed framework embedding it in a gaming environment. The first tool supports the initial instruction and introduces the formal matrix-based methodology to specify composite transformations; the second one provides a ludic environment where students can drill and reinforce the subject by playing. Our initial results suggest that these tools are suitable for learning geometric transformations; they helped students in simulated self-study mode achieve comparable results to those students receiving the regular lecture materials and explanations in the classroom. Moreover, the usage of the tools appears to favor a similar increasing effect on students’ visual-spatial abilities, similar to the obtained by taking an in-person course on computer graphics, as measured with the Purdue Spatial Visualization Test.
Internal Prices and Optimal Exploitation of Natural Resources
Authors: Il’ichev Vitaly G. , Rokhlin Dmitry B.
Published: May 2022

Within the framework of traditional fishery management, we propose an interpretation of natural resource prices. It leads to an economic taxation mechanism based on internal prices and reduces a complex problem of optimal long-term exploitation to a sequence of one-year optimization problems. Internal prices obey natural, economic patterns: the increase in resource amount diminishes taxes, and the rise in the number of “fishers” raises taxes. These taxes stimulate cooperative agent behavior. We consider new problems of optimal fishing, taking into account an adaptive migration of the fish population in two regions. To analyze these problems, we use evolutionary ecology models. We propose a paradoxical method to increase the catch yield through the so-called fish “luring” procedure. In this case, a kind of “giveaway” game occurs, where the region with underfishing becomes more attractive for fish and for catches in the future.
Smartphone Market Analysis with Respect to Brand Performance Using Hybrid Multicriteria Decision Making Methods
Authors: Huang Yin-Yin , Li Liwei , Tsaur Ruey-Chyn
Published: May 2022

In this era of information explosion, smartphones have become a necessary device in our daily life. In order to select a better smartphone, most users try to collect more attributes to help them purchase their own smartphones, including the brand image from the advertisements, features from the specifications, word-of-mouth from their peers, and the average sales from some secondary data webs. In order to assist the users to evaluate the brand performance from the market attributes, in this paper, we selected nine smartphone brands and used multi-criteria decision-making methods to rank the smartphones’ functions. We first use TOPSIS to evaluate word-of-mouth, together with average sales collected from the website of each brand, and the brand image obtained by the use of questionnaires. Finally, we summarize the final rankings of these smartphone brands. The brand performance analysis shows that our proposed hybrid method can significantly derive the overall rankings of smartphone brands.
Full Hermite Interpolation and Approximation in Topological Fields
Authors: Dăuş Leonard , Groza Ghiocel , Jianu Marilena
Published: May 2022

By using generalized divided differences, we study the simultaneous interpolation of an m times continuously differentiable function and its derivatives up to a fixed order in a topological field K. If K is a valued field, then simultaneous Hermite interpolation and approximation are considered. Newton interpolating series are used in the case of an infinite number of conditions of interpolation. Applications to the numerical approximation of variational problems, the solution of a functional equation and, in the case of p-adic fields, the representation of solutions of a boundary value problem for an equation of the Fuchsian type illustrate the efficiency of the theoretical results.
Biological Potential, Gastrointestinal Digestion, Absorption, and Bioavailability of Algae-Derived Compounds with Neuroprotective Activity: A Comprehensive Review
Authors: Martins Bruna , Vieira Mónica , Delerue-Matos Cristina , Grosso Clara , Soares Cristina
Published: May 2022

Currently, there is no known cure for neurodegenerative disease. However, the available therapies aim to manage some of the symptoms of the disease. Human neurodegenerative diseases are a heterogeneous group of illnesses characterized by progressive loss of neuronal cells and nervous system dysfunction related to several mechanisms such as protein aggregation, neuroinflammation, oxidative stress, and neurotransmission dysfunction. Neuroprotective compounds are essential in the prevention and management of neurodegenerative diseases. This review will focus on the neurodegeneration mechanisms and the compounds (proteins, polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs), polysaccharides, carotenoids, phycobiliproteins, phenolic compounds, among others) present in seaweeds that have shown in vivo and in vitro neuroprotective activity. Additionally, it will cover the recent findings on the neuroprotective effects of bioactive compounds from macroalgae, with a focus on their biological potential and possible mechanism of action, including microbiota modulation. Furthermore, gastrointestinal digestion, absorption, and bioavailability will be discussed. Moreover, the clinical trials using seaweed-based drugs or extracts to treat neurodegenerative disorders will be presented, showing the real potential and limitations that a specific metabolite or extract may have as a new therapeutic agent considering the recent approval of a seaweed-based drug to treat Alzheimer’s disease.
The Immune System of Marine Organisms as Source for Drugs against Infectious Diseases
Authors: Falco Alberto , Adamek Mikolaj , Pereiro Patricia , Hoole David , Encinar José , Novoa Beatriz , Mallavia Ricardo
Published: May 2022

The high proliferation of microorganisms in aquatic environments has allowed their coevolution for billions of years with other living beings that also inhabit these niches. Among the different existing types of interaction, the eternal competition for supremacy between the susceptible species and their pathogens has selected, as part of the effector division of the immune system of the former ones, a vast and varied arsenal of efficient antimicrobial molecules, which is highly amplified by the broad biodiversity radiated, above any others, at the marine habitats. At present, the great recent scientific and technological advances already allow the massive discovery and exploitation of these defense compounds for therapeutic purposes against infectious diseases of our interest. Among them, antimicrobial peptides and antimicrobial metabolites stand out because of the wide dimensions of their structural diversities, mechanisms of action, and target pathogen ranges. This revision work contextualizes the research in this field and serves as a presentation and scope identification of the Special Issue from Marine Drugs journal “The Immune System of Marine Organisms as Source for Drugs against Infectious Diseases”.
Structures, Properties and Applications of Alginates
Authors: Abka-khajouei Roya , Tounsi Latifa , Shahabi Nasim , Patel Anil Kumar , Abdelkafi Slim , Michaud Philippe
Published: May 2022

Alginate is a hydrocolloid from algae, specifically brown algae, which is a group that includes many of the seaweeds, like kelps and an extracellular polymer of some bacteria. Sodium alginate is one of the best-known members of the hydrogel group. The hydrogel is a water-swollen and cross-linked polymeric network produced by the simple reaction of one or more monomers. It has a linear (unbranched) structure based on d-mannuronic and l-guluronic acids. The placement of these monomers depending on the source of its production is alternating, sequential and random. The same arrangement of monomers can affect the physical and chemical properties of this polysaccharide. This polyuronide has a wide range of applications in various industries including the food industry, medicine, tissue engineering, wastewater treatment, the pharmaceutical industry and fuel. It is generally recognized as safe when used in accordance with good manufacturing or feeding practice. This review discusses its application in addition to its structural, physical, and chemical properties.
Protein Hydrolysate from Spirulina platensis Prevents Dexamethasone-Induced Muscle Atrophy via Akt/Foxo3 Signaling in C2C12 Myotubes
Authors: Lee Chi-Woo , Chang Yeok Boo , Park Chun Woong , Han Sung Hee , Suh Hyung Joo , Ahn Yejin
Published: May 2022

Loss of muscle mass is the primary symptom of sarcopenia. Protein intake is recommended to prevent muscle mass loss, and Spirulina platensis, a microalga with high protein content, is a potential protein supplement. Here, we evaluated the differentiation ability of C2C12 cells and the inhibitory effect of Spirulina hydrolysates (SPH) prepared by Collupulin on dexamethasone (DEX)-treated C2C12 cells. SPH contained 578.27 mg/g protein and 92.30 mg/g branched-chain amino acids. SPH increased C2C12 myotube length and diameter, likely owing to increased MyoD1 and Myf5 expression. Inhibition of increased Atrogin-1, MuRF-1, and FoxO3 expression by SPH in DEX-treated C2C12 cells suppressed DEX-induced muscle atrophy. Moreover, SPH inhibited the DEX-induced increase in cytosolic p-Akt protein expression and suppressed the increase in nuclear FoxO3a protein expression, thereby suppressing the increase in the protein expression of the ubiquitin-proteasome-related factors Atrogin-1 and MuRF-1, which are involved in muscle atrophy. SPH suppressed DEX-induced muscle atrophy by activating the Akt/FoxO3a pathway. SPH promoted C2C12 myoblast differentiation into myotubes and inhibited DEX-induced myotube atrophy by suppressing Atrogin-1 and MuRF-1 expression and regulating the FoxO3a transcription factor. Collectively, SPH can be used as a functional food to inhibit muscle atrophy and promote muscle regeneration.
Patients with Invasive Lobular Carcinoma Show a Significant Increase in IRS-4 Expression Compared to Infiltrative Ductal Carcinoma—A Histopathological Study
Authors: Ortega Miguel A. , Fraile-Martinez Oscar , García-Montero Cielo , Borja-Vergel Sandra , Torres-Carranza Diego , Pekarek Leonel , Arribas Coral Bravo , De León-Luis Juan A. , Sánchez-Rojo Cristina , Alvarez-Mon Miguel Angel , García-Honduvilla Natalio , Buján Julia , Coca Santiago , Alvarez-Mon Melchor , Saez Miguel A. , Guijarro Luis G.
Published: May 2022

Background and Objectives: Breast cancer (BC) is the first diagnosed type of cancer and the second leading cause of cancer-related mortality in women. In addition, despite the improvement in treatment and survival in these patients, the global prevalence and incidence of this cancer are rising, and its mortality may be different according to the histological subtype. Invasive lobular carcinoma (ILC) is less common but entails a poorer prognosis than infiltrative ductal carcinoma (IDC), exhibiting a different clinical and histopathological profile. Deepening study on the molecular profile of both types of cancer may be of great aid to understand the carcinogenesis and progression of BC. In this sense, the aim of the present study was to explore the histological expression of Insulin receptor substrate 4 (IRS-4), cyclooxygenase 2 (COX-2), Cyclin D1 and retinoblastoma protein 1 (Rb1) in patients with ILC and IDC. Patients and Methods: Thus, breast tissue samples from 45 patients with ILC and from 45 subjects with IDC were analyzed in our study. Results: Interestingly, we observed that IRS-4, COX-2, Rb1 and Cyclin D1 were overexpressed in patients with ILC in comparison to IDC. Conclusions: These results may indicate a differential molecular profile between both types of tumors, which may explain the clinical differences among ILC and IDC. Further studies are warranted in order to shed light onto the molecular and translational implications of these components, also aiding to develop a possible targeted therapy to improve the clinical management of these patients.
Connecting the Dots in Emerging Mast Cell Research: Do Factors Affecting Mast Cell Activation Provide a Missing Link between Adverse COVID-19 Outcomes and the Social Determinants of Health?
Authors: da Silveira Gorman Rachel , Syed Iffath Unissa
Published: May 2022

Evidence continues to emerge that the social determinants of health play a role in adverse outcomes related to COVID-19, including increased morbidity and mortality, increased risk of long COVID, and vaccine adverse effects. Therefore, a more nuanced understanding of the biochemical and cellular pathways of illnesses commonly associated with adverse social determinants of health is urgently needed. We contend that a commitment to understanding adverse outcomes in historically marginalized communities will increase community-level confidence in public health measures. Here, we synthesize emerging literature on mast cell disease, and the role of mast cells in chronic illness, alongside emerging research on mechanisms of COVID illness and vaccines. We propose that a focus on aberrant and/or hyperactive mast cell behavior associated with chronic underlying health conditions can elucidate adverse COVID-related outcomes and contribute to the pandemic recovery. Standards of care for mast cell activation syndrome (MCAS), as well as clinical reviews, experimental research, and case reports, suggest that effective and cost-efficient remedies are available, including antihistamines, vitamin C, and quercetin, among others. Primary care physicians, specialists, and public health workers should consider new and emerging evidence from the biomedical literature in tackling COVID-19. Specialists and researchers note that MCAS is likely grossly under-diagnosed; therefore, public health agencies and policy makers should urgently attend to community-based experiences of adverse COVID outcomes. It is essential that we extract and examine experiential evidence of marginalized communities from the broader political–ideological discourse.
Situating Food Industry Influence: Governance Norms and Economic Order Comment on "‘Part of the Solution’: Food Corporation Strategies for Regulatory Capture and Legitimacy"
Authors: Lencucha Raphael
Published: May 2022

Lacy-Nichols and Williams provide important new insights into the ongoing contest over policy space and consumer behavior. I attempt to situate these insights in relation to government mandates and governance norms and situate these norms and mandates in the prevailing economic order. This approach is necessary to understand how corporate practices persist and why governments are receptive to the approaches outlined in the analysis conducted by Lacy-Nichols and Williams. This approach can help explain why governments are often receptive to corporations positioning themselves as ‘part of the solution’. Governments want strong economies and big food positions itself as contributor to this end. The point I attempt to articulate is that we often conceive of corporate power as power over, while I suggest that corporate power is rather power within and through a system that is oriented towards profits and economic growth.
Resilience of Health Systems: Understanding Uncertainty Uses, Intersecting Crises and Cross-level Interactions Comment on "Government Actions and Their Relation to Resilience in Healthcare During the COVID-19 Pandemic in New South Wales, Australia and Ontario, Canada"
Authors: Bozorgmehr Kayvan , Zick Andreas , Hecker Tobias
Published: May 2022

The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has created opportunities to study resilience in multiple, interrelated societal systems while considering the institutional, community and individual level. We aim to discuss critical, yet underrepresented, issues in resilience discourses which are fundamental to advance theories, concepts and measurement of health system resilience. These relate to a better understanding of (i) how government’s handle and use uncertainties to facilitate or impede change, including the role of negotiation and conflicts, (ii) the intersections of health with multiple, co-occurring crises (systemic intersections), and (iii) cross-level interactions, ie, the interrelation between individual-level resilience, the collective resilience of groups and communities, and the resilience of a system as a whole (and vice versa). Analyses of these aspects can help to "contextualize" our understanding of resilience in complex adaptive systems. However, conceptual clarity is needed whether resilience is considered an underlying feature, outcome, or intermediate determinant of a (health) system’s performance.
What Might Be Required for Inspections to Be Considered Fair? Comment on "What Lies Behind Successful Regulation? A Qualitative Evaluation of Pilot Implementation of Kenya’s Health Facility Inspection Reforms"
Authors: Husabø Gunnar , Hovlid Einar
Published: May 2022

Tama et al offer us an interesting analysis of a piloted regulatory reform that introduced a Joint Health Inspections (JHIs) system in three Kenyan counties. The study highlights key factors facilitating or hindering the implementation of the reform. In this commentary we reflect on the concept of fairness, which is one of the topics that is discussed in the study. We describe four important dimensions of fairness in the context of inspections: expectation clarity, consistency of assessment, consistency of enforcement, and fairness to patients. We argue that all four dimensions are important in the regulatory design, in order for the inspection to be perceived as fair.
REFLECTION ON THE RELATIONS OF ISLAMIC LAW AND POLITICS
Authors: Dio Alif Bawazier  , Muhammad Zainuddin
Published: May 2022

Discussions about Islamic Law and Politics are always interesting things to discuss. It is interesting because it has become a debate of all time, especially from various circles of formalist madhhab Islamic groups dealing with substantialist schools. The group's debate can be narrowed down to the question of the position of Islamic Law on politics and vice versa. The question is not a simple problem, because the implications are very large for the construction of thought in theory and reality. The purpose of this study is to determine the relationship between power and legal justice, to examine the identity of law and justice, and the necessity of power in law enforcement. The results show that Islamic law is knowledge of human rights and obligations while politics is knowledge of managing public affairs based on power. When viewed from the Islamic law literature, politics is part of the discourse in Islamic law. The Islamic law that regulates politics also has a gap in the interest of incoming power, therefore the Islamic power is obliged to conduct deliberation so that the people's interest is maintained in ijtihadi law and in the application of non-ijtihadi law. Power must uphold justice in every action and its actions cannot be separated from the law. This means that the power to enforce justice is through a just law. Enforcement must be carried out by power so that if power betrays the people, impeachment may be carried out.
TAUHID DAN DALIL WUJUD TUHAN PENDEKATAN DALIL NAQLI & AQLI
Authors: Alibe Muhammad Tahir
Published: May 2022

This article discusses the concept of monotheism and the proposition of God's existence with the naqli & aqli propositional approach. The arguments in the rules of ushul consist of naqli arguments (al-Qur'an and Hadith) and aqli arguments (reason). The article shows that the concept of divinity is not built without a foundation, but is based on propositions. This type of research is qualitative with theological and philosophical approaches. Theological approach is used to complete a discussion based on the text. The results of this study indicate that the concept of monotheism and the proposition of the existence of God is obtained from the arguments, both from the naqli argument and the aqli argument. Therefore, belief in the existence of God is argumentative and rejects atheism, which denies the existence of God in the creation of the universe. Tawhid means the essence, nature and af'al of Allah is a unity that is not separate. The concept of monotheism is different from the view of monotheism which is generally understood.
BUDAYA ISLAM VERSUS ISLAMISASI BUDAYA DALAM PERSPEKTIF GENERASI ZILENIAL
Authors: Parhan Muhamad , Rofiudin Muhammad , Salsabila Isma Afina , Rohimat Shofa Sofia , Arasshifa Bilqisty Nur , Dhitareka Putri Aghniya
Published: May 2022

Islamic culture and religion are two things that always go hand in hand and synergize in human life or Muslims. However, the phenomena and problems that exist in society today are that Islam and culture are too mixed up, causing problems in society such as the loss of direction of Islamic teachings that are sourced from the Qur'an and hadith. This study aims to reveal the perspective of the millennial generation on the phenomenon of Islam being cultured and culture being Islamicized, whether they go hand in hand and synergize in life or are they a source of division. The research approach uses a quantitative, data collection technique using a Likert Scale which is disseminated online via google form. The subjects in this study were the Zillenial Generation. The results showed that the millennial generation had seen and carried out Islamic civilizing activities or Islamic culture. The opinion of the millennial generation towards this phenomenon is very much in agreement with the phenomenon of Islamic civilisation. Meanwhile, the majority of the opinion responses of the Zilenial generation show a neutral attitude towards the phenomenon of cultural Islamization. However, there are still responses that agree or even strongly agree. This shows that the millennial generation already understands cultural and Islamic phenomena.
Theoretical and Experimental Comparison of Revolving Vane Compressors and Rolling Piston Compressors
Authors: GÜRKAN Duygu , OKUR Melih , KORKUT İhsan
Published: May 2022

Rotary compressors have some advantages such as lower noise, vibration, lower cost and few parts. For this reason, it is preferred more than its substitutes such as piston, screw and sliding compressors in cooling and air-conditioning systems. In this study, two different designs, rolling piston and revolving vane, were made to increase the performance of the double-stage, rotary compressor with a volume of 22.6 cc. When the test results are examined, it is seen that the rolling piston compressor consumes 1.3 times less power than the electric motor for 2700 rpm and 3 bar pressure, due to the lower inertia forces compared to the revolving vane compressor.
Transformed Pair Copula Construction of Pareto Copula and Applications
Authors: AGU Friday , ÇELEBİOĞLU Salih
Published: May 2022

The study introduced the transformed copula models and a D-vine structure for three variables. The numerical applications of the models are evaluated using two different sets of real-life data that exhibit nearly no dependence, highly dependent, over, and under dispersed characteristics. We examined only the volatilities of the first data using the exponentiated weighted moving average (EWMA). The parameter estimates of the models were obtained based on the maximum likelihood estimation method for the bivariate copula models and the Dissmann algorithm for sequential top-down estimation for the D-vine structure. The results showed that the introduced copula models outperformed some existing copula models in terms of their fit statistics for both real-life and simulated data sets. In addition, the Gaussian copula model gave a better fit to the D-vine structure than some existing copula models and could be recommended for modeling a D-vine structure comprising of variables that are positively weak correlated and highly correlated.
Sosialisasi Pentingnya Literasi Informasi di Madrasah Aliyah Mursyidut Thullab Lembanna Kecamatan Sinjai Barat Kabupaten Sinjai
Authors: Abidin Saenal , Muliyadi Irvan , Umar Touku , T Arsil
Published: May 2022

Literasi informasi merupakan kemampuan yang dimiliki seseorang dalam mencari, menemukan, menganalisis, mengevaluasi, mengkomunikasikan informasi yang berfungsi dalam pemenuhan kebutuhan informasi yang akan memecahkan berbagai masalah. Literasi informasi juga didukung oleh peranan perpustakaan dalam memperkenalkan istilah literasi informasi dan memperoleh kemampuan literasi informasi tersebut. Berdasarkan hal tersebut maka dilaksanakan kegiatan pengabdian kepada masyarakat di MA Mursyidut Thullab Lembanna Sinjai Barat dengan metode pemberian sumbangan koleksi bacaan, penyuluhan tentang pentingnya literasi informasi serta pembinaan pengelolaan perpustakaan. Tujuan pengabdian kepada masyarakat ini diharapkan siswa MA Mursyidut Thullab Lembanna Sinjai Barat lebih memahami pentingnya literasi infirmasi serta pustakawan juga mampu mengelola perpustakaan dengan baik sehingga siswa lebih senang berkunjung ke perpustakaan. Hasil kegiatan pengabdian kepada masyarakat ini menunjukkan bahwa sosialisasi berjalan dengan lancar serta antusias siswa dalam menyimak materi juga sangat aktif, sehingga literasi informasi siswa MA Mursyidut Thullab Lembanna Sinjai Barat dan pengelolaan perpustakaan tentu akan lebih baik lagi ke depannya.
Edukasi Pembelajaran Jarak Jauh (PJJ) yang Ergonomis
Authors: Situngkir Decy , Ayu Ira Marti , Putri Eka Cempaka
Published: May 2022

Tingginya kasus wabah Covid 19 pada anak-anak menyebabkan mereka melanjutkan pendidikan mereka dengan belajar online atau disebut pembelajaran jarak jauh (PJJ). PJJ dapat mengakibatkan siswa/i mengalami risiko ergonomi berupa keluhan muskuloskeletal, kelelahan mata, stres. Penyuluhan ini bertujuan untuk memberi pemahaman terkait risiko ergonomi yang ada ketika belajar secara daring. Penyuluhan dilaksanakan melalui zoom meeting, dengan durasi Â± 50 menit. Media penyuluhan menggunakan power point dan video mengenai peregangan. Sebelum dan sesudah penyuluhan dilakukan tes awal dan tes akhir melalui google form untuk mengukur pengetahuan dasar siswa/i mengenai ergonomi. Hasilnya, siswa mengetahui penyebab keluhan otot rangka adalah pengaturan sarana belajar tidak ergonomis (dari 52,3% menjadi 61,9%), mengetahui ilmu yang mempelajari kesesuaian antara lingkungan, sarana dan prasarana kerja dengan manusia disebut ergonomi (dari 76,2% menjadi 76,2%), mengetahui bahwa 20-20-20 memiliki pengertian setelah menggunakan laptop atau komputer selama 20 menit, agar memandang objek dengan kejauhan 20 kaki selama 20 detik (dari 61,9% menjadi 95,2%), mengetahui sesudah menggunakan laptop/komputer selama belajar, melakukan istirahat selama 15 menit (dari 52,3% menjadi 76,2%) dan sikap duduk belajar yang benar adalah gambar 2 (dari 90,5% menjadi 76,2%).Berdasarkan hal ini maka disimpulkan ada peningkatan pengetahuan mereka tentang pelaksanaan pembelajaran jarak jauh yang ergonomis.
Pendampingan Pembuatan Dan Pengemasan Frozen Food Pada Ibu Rumah Tangga
Authors: Kristiandi Kiki , Mahmuda Diah , Yunita Nurul Fatimah , Maryono Maryono
Published: May 2022

Frozen food atau olahan pangan beku merupakan pangan praktis dan digemari oleh semua kalangan masyarakat. Keunggulan dari frozen food yaitu memiliki umur simpan yang lama, proses pembuatannya yang mudah dan juga proses untuk memasaknya cukup singkat. Frozen food merupakan salah satu pergeseran pola konsumsi akibat gaya hidup. Tujuan dilakukannya pendampingan ini adalah untuk meningkatkan pemahaman ibu rumah tangga dalam pengolahan pangan dan dapat pula menjadi sebuah solusi pemberian makanan pada rumah tangganya, selain itu pula dapat menjadi sebuah peluang usaha untuk dapat dikembangkan. Peserta dalam pendampingan ini merupakan ibu rumah tangga yang berjumlah 16 peserta. Teknik pengambilan peserta ini adalah dengan melakukan penyebaran brosur pelatihan pada masyarakat dan selanjutnya mendaftar melalui online kemudian dibentuk group whatsup agar memudahkan dalam berkomunikasi dan berbagi informasi satu dengan yang lain. Kegiatan lain yang dilakukan diberikan pula teknik pengemasan dengan menggunakan sealer. Jenis kemasan yang diguanakan dalam pendampingan ini adalah plastik Polipropilena (PP), untuk memudahkan proses dibuatkan pula buku panduan dalam pengolahan frozen food. Berdasarkan hasil yang didapatkan selama pendampingan dengan menggunakan metode wawancara langsung bahwa ibu rumah tangga tertarik dan antusias dalam pembuatan frozen food. Untuk pemahaman frozen food pada ibu rumah tangga dikategorikan baik (87%), sedangkan sisanya (13%) tidak baik. Namun peserta tidak pernah melakukan olahan frozen food. Pendampingan ini diharapkan dapat memberikan kontribusi terhadap pemahaman ibu rumah tangga untuk membuat pangan sehat dan mudah dalam pembuatannya, selain itu pula dapat membuka peluang usaha rumah tangga agar memberikan pendapatan lebih.
Pendampingan Pembuatan Nata De Coco Dari Limbah Air Kelapa Tua Di Desa Perapakan
Authors: Kristiandi Kiki , Merdekawati Dewi , Sangkala Sangkala , Sari Dian
Published: May 2022

Air kelapa merupakan salah satu bahan sumber daya alam yang melimpah di Indonesia dan masih tidak termanfaatkan secara maksimal. Jumlah hasil air kelapa yang ada di Indonesia dapat mencapai kurang lebih 1 sampai 900 juta liter pertahun. Berdasarkan jumlah ini menggambarkan bahwa kondisi air kelapa yang terbuang menjadi percuma, sehingga air kelapa yang tidak termanfaatkan menjadi limbah organik dan dapat menjadi salah satu polusi asam asetat. Adapun peserta yang terlibat dalam kegiatan pendampingan ini yaitu ibu â€“ ibu PKK (pemberdayaan dan kesejahteraan keluarga) yang terletak di Desa Perapakan Kecamatan Pemangkat. Sampel dalam pendampingan ini berjumlah 10 peserta. Peserta yang tergabung dalam pendampingan ini adalah ibu-ibu rumah tangga yang tergabung dalam kelompok PKK Kegiatan ini berlangsung ke dalam tiga tahapan, diantaranya adalah pendekatan pada pemangku kebijakan/ perizinan, kegiatan pendampingan dan tahapan evaluasi. Pendampingan ini bertujuan meningkatkan pengetahuan dan pemahaman peserta dalam mengelola limbah air kelapa menjadi sebuah produk yang memiliki nilai ekonomi. Untuk pendampingan dilakukan secara langsung kepada ibu-ibu PKK dan sekaligus tanya jawab. Hasil dari kegiatan pendampingan ini terdapat adanya endapan nata de coco, selain itu pula peserta yang telah diberikan pendampingan memiliki kepuasaan terhadap pengolahan limbah dari air kelapa. Nata yang telah jadi endapan dapat dijadikan salah satu alternatif usaha dalam skala kecil karena memiliki nilai ekonomi yang tinggi.
Pemasaran online dan Pendaftaran Merek pada KTH Mega Buana 3 Desa Lipukasi Kabupaten Barru
Authors: Syarif Asri Yanti , Anwar Andi Rahayu , Latifah Husnah , Burhanuddin Burhanuddin , Tahir Ratnawati , Syamsia Syamsia
Published: May 2022

Pemasaran online merupakan sarana yang mempertemukan produsen dan konsumen secara online dengan penawaran produk yang telah menggunakan nama atau merk sebagai atribut pemasaran. Pemasaran online menggunakan aplikasi yang dapat digunakan dengan membuat website, dengan adanya website petani dapat mempromosikan jenis produk, harga, dan no kontak yang dapat dihubungi, serta sistem pembayaran dan sistem pengiriman barang dari petani selaku produsen ke konsumen atau dapat menggunakan flatform: Instagram, WhatsApp, facebook untuk memudahkan memasarkan dengan jangkauan lebih luas dibandingkan dengan pemasaran tradisional yang hanya melibatkan pasar tradisional atau pedagang pengumpul. Petani pada umumnya telah menggunakan alat berupa smartphone, yang menjadi kendala petani belum memahami penggunaan media sosial dan platform untuk pemasaran online. Oleh karena itu, penyuluhan pemasaran online dan penggunaan merek merupakan hal yang fundamental dilakukan untuk merubah mindset mereka menjadi petani modern melalui KTH Mega Buana 3 di Desa Lipukasi Kabupaten Barru. Hasil pengabdian memberikan informasi bahwa pemasaran online dapat memperluas pangsa pasar, meningkatkan penjualan. Dengan adanya merek terhadap produk yang mereka pasarkan nantinya memberikan perlindungan hukum dan produk mudah dikenal di pasaran secara global serta menjadi produk pertanian yang berbeda dengan produk dari kelompok tani yang lain.
Pelatihan Pembuatan Tempe Kacang Merah Untuk Menarik Minat Berwirausaha Siswa SMA Kristen Pandhega Jaya
Authors: Missa Hildegardis , Djalo Aloysius , Ndukang Sardina , Seran Lukas , Tampani Roswita , Susar Imelda
Published: May 2022

SMA Kristen Pandhega jaya mempunyai misi yaitu menanamkan dan menumbuhkan jiwa kewirausahaan dalam diri siswa namun selama ini belum tercapai dikarenakan selama pembelajaran kewirausahaan siswa tidak pernah diajarkan praktek kewirausahaan sehingga siswa kurang bersemangat dalam mengikuti kegiatan pembelajaran. Solusi yang ditawarkan untuk mengatasi permasalah yang dialami oleh siswa di SMA Kristen Pandhega jaya adalah memberikan sosialisasi serta pelatihan pembuatan produk makanan menggunakan pangan lokal dengan demikian bisa menumbuhkan minat berwirausaha siswa. Metode yang digunakan dalam kegiatan ini adalah non-eksperimental dan prosedur jalannya kegiatan ini terbagi atas empat tahap yaitu tahap perencanaan, tahap persiapan, tahap pelaksanaan dan tahap evaluasi. Hasil analisis kuisioner yang diperoleh pada tahap sosialisasi diperoleh data bahwa peserta PKM sering mengkonsumsi tempe, namun tidak mengetahui bahwa biji kacang merah bisa diolah menjadi tempe,sementara pada tahap pelatihan sebagian dari peserta pelatihan tau cara memilih biji kacang merah yang bagus untuk bahan baku pembuatan tempe kacang merah, dan pada tahap uji organoleptik terhadap 20 responden menunjukan bahwa tempe kacang merah yang dibuat pada kegiatan ini memilik warna yang agak putih serta aroma yang sangat khas tempe, teksturnya keras dan rasa dari tempe kacang merah sangat enak sehingga para peserta tertarik untuk membuat produk tempe dengan bahan pangan yang berbeda. Â
Upaya Meningkatkan Kemampuan Literasi Membaca dan Numerasi Anak Usia Sekolah Dasar di Desa Jeron melalui Lembar Kerja Komik Berbasis STEAM dan MIKiR
Authors: Musa Azhari Bisri , Alifia Puteri Hanifa , Azizah Izmi , Kamila Nurisa , Azifatun Nazwa Hasna , Andriatna Riki
Published: May 2022

Kemampuan literasi membaca dan numerasi merupakan kemampuan minimum yang harus dimiliki anak agar dapat melaksanakan proses belajar. Namun didapati bahwa kemampuan literasi dan numerasi anak usia Sekolah Dasar di Desa Jeron rendah. Hal ini dikarenakan minimnya motivasi, kemandirian, dan pola pembelajaran yang kurang mendorong anak untuk melakukan aktivitas belajar. Lembar kerja komik menjadi salah satu alternatif solusi untuk meningkatkan kemampuan literasi membaca dan numerasi anak. Kegiatan pengabdian kepada masyarakat ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan kemampuan literasi membaca dan numerasi anak usia SD di Desa Jeron dan meningkatkan kapasitas dan keterampilan mitra dalam memberikan pendampingan belajar. Kegiatan diikuti oleh 9 siswa SD dan 8 pendamping. Metode pelaksanaan pengabdian ini meliputi pelatihan dan pendampingan. Pelatihan diberikan kepada mitra untuk meningkatkan keterampilan pembuatan lembar kerja komik. Sedangkan pendampingan diberikan kepada anak-anak usia SD dalam belajar menggunakan lembar kerja komik. Pengabdian kepada masyarakat ini menghasilkan peningkatan kemampuan literasi membaca dan numerasi anak serta peningkatan kapasitas dan keterampilan mitra dalam memberikan pendampingan belajar. Dengan adanya peningkatan kemampuan tersebut, diharapkan kegiatan pendampingan dapat terus dilakukan di Desa Jeron sehingga kemampuan literasi membaca dan numerasi menjadi lebih berkembang.