bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Tecno-autoestopismo anti-trancón
Authors: Rojas Sergio A.
Published: June 2015

Que la movilidad en Bogotá está a punto de colapsar, es una realidad inminente. Somos testigos a diario. La nuez del problema es el desorbitado aumento de la demanda (usuarios y vehículos) y el limitado crecimiento de la infraestructura (avenidas, puentes, parqueaderos). Es una réplica del fenómeno de escasez de terrenos para viviendas, que obligó a construir casas sobre casas sobre casas (edificios), multiplicando la capacidad real de hábitat de familias coexistiendo sobre la misma superficie. Similarmente pareciera que en términos de movilidad, la solución más viable para reducir la congestión es optimizar el uso del vehículo particular o público, compartiéndolo. Es decir, que donde antes se movilizaba un ciudadano, ahora se movilicen cinco. La solución en el papel parece fácil. En la práctica poner a cinco desconocidos de acuerdo, no les hace cinco de gracia....
Diseño y evaluación del desempeño de una red de comunicaciones para medición inteligente en Network Simulator–2
Authors: Aranda Juan Manuel
Published: June 2015

Este artículo presenta los resultados de diseño y evaluación del desempeño de una red de comunicaciones para Medición Inteligente o AMI (Advanced Metering Infrastructure), empleando el simulador de redes Network Simulator-2 (NS-2). La red de comunicaciones propuesta combina las tecnologías PLC (PowerLine Communication) y HSDPA (High Speed Downlin Packet Access), así como el uso de concentradores de datos (DCs) y de protocolos aplicación y transporte como DLMS/COSEM y TCP-UDP/IP. Los resultados de evaluación indicaron que al introducir dispositivos DCs dentro del diseño de red de comunicaciones, la red presenta un desempeño superior frente a otras que no emplean DCs para concentrar la información de diferentes medidores inteligentes. Finalmente, se observó una mayor cobertura y un menor número de acceso directos a la red de comunicaciones al considerar DCs en el diseño.
A influência das prateleiras de luz no aproveitamento da luz natural sob obstrução externa.
Authors: Nacari Maioli Ricardo , Dan Taufner Mariani , Engel de Alvarez Cristina
Published: June 2015

A investigação considera a hipótese de que o uso do dispositivo prateleira de luz pode contribuir para aperfeiç;oar a distribuição e o controle da luz natural interna, o que melhoraria o conforto visual e aumentaria a eficiência energética do edifício. O objetivo da pesquisa foi avaliar a influência desse dispositivo combinado com diferentes tipos de vidro em condições de obstrução externa, aproximando-se da realidade dos centros urbanos verticalizados. Foram escolhidas seis cidades brasileiras em diferentes latitudes, nas quais foi simulado um edifício de escritórios composto por aberturas com diferentes percentuais de obstrução da abóbada celeste. Analisou-se a iluminânciaútil (Useful Daylight Illuminances — UDI), por meio do software Daysim, e obteve-se como resultado a comprovação de que a inserção dos edifícios verticais nos centros urbanos —modelo usual nas cidades brasileiras— pode interferir na qualidade lumínica do ambiente interno.
Los usos y la apropiación del espacio público para el fortalecimiento de la democracia.
Authors: Páramo Pablo , Burbano Arroyo Andrea Milena
Published: June 2015

En este artículo se presenta un estudio que indagó sobre el papel que han jugado algunos proyectos destacados de espacio público de Bogotá en el fortalecimiento de la democracia, por considerarse elementos de integración social y facilitadores de la apropiación que hace de estos espacios el ciudadano común. La exploración se realiza en cuatro proyectos de espacio público de la ciudad: el parque lineal El Virrey, el parque Tercer Milenio, Transmilenio y La Felicidad: ciudad parque, considerados íconos de administraciones distritales recientes. El estudio se llevó a cabo mediante una estrategia de etnografía rápida, la cual se valió de registros observacionales, entrevistas a informantes clave y la aplicación de un cuestionario, técnicas que permitieron documentar la experiencia de los usuarios de estos espacios públicos. Los resultados muestran que los proyectos estudiados han contribuido a la cohesión social y que existen diversos tipos de mecanismos de apropiación de estos lugares por parte de los ciudadanos. Se discuten las implicaciones para la democratización de la sociedad mediante la creación y el mantenimiento de los espacios públicos de la ciudad.
Viviendas de emergencia en Uruguay.
Authors: Fontana Cabezas Juan José , Laurino Castiglioni Pablo Gustavo , Vila Rivero María Virginia , Botti Azambuya Leticia Andrea
Published: June 2015

El artículo tiene como objetivo formular pautas de análisis entre el edificio Miguel de Aguinaga y su entorno urbano, para indagar sobre las estrategias proyectuales del arquitecto a través de algunos de los edificios más representativos de su ejercicio profesional, en el marco de la tipología de edificios de oficinas. La construcción del estado del arte y la estructura del texto, dan cuenta de dos partes. La primera corresponde a dos temas: revisión bibliográfica sobre la consolidación de la arquitectura moderna en la ciudad de Medellín y la utilización de categorías de análisis formal de la arquitectura en torno a los temas de: emplazamiento, programa y secciones; la segunda, desarrolla el análisis formal del edificio en su estado original por medio de planimetrías y fotografías de la época. Estas dos partes se cruzan a manera de conclusiones en donde se expone el edificio como estrategia formal de conexión entre el interior y el exterior.
On linear degenerate elliptic PDE systems with constant coefficients
Authors: Katzourakis Nikos
Published: June 2015

Let ${\mathbf{A}}$ be a symmetric convex quadratic form on ${\mathbb{R}^{Nn}}$ and Ω $\subset$$\mathbb{R}^{n}$ a bounded convex domain. We consider the problem of existence of solutions u: Ω $\subset$$\mathbb{R}^{n}$$\to$$\mathbb{R}^{N}$ to the problem

${}\left\{\begin{aligned} \displaystyle\sum_{\beta=1}^{N}\sum_{i,j=1}^{n}%
\mathbf{A}_{\alpha i\beta j}D^{2}_{ij}u_{\beta}&\displaystyle=f_{\alpha}&&%
\displaystyle\text{in }\Omega,\\
\displaystyle u&\displaystyle=0&&\displaystyle\text{on }\partial\Omega,\end{%
aligned}\right.\phantom{\}}$

when ${f\in L^{2}(\Omega,\mathbb{R}^{N})}$. Problem (1) is degenerate elliptic and it has not been considered before without the assumption of strict rank-one convexity. In general, it may not have even distributional solutions. By introducing an extension of distributions adapted to (1), we prove existence, partial regularity and by imposing an extra condition uniqueness as well. The satisfaction of the boundary condition is also an issue due to the low regularity of the solution. The motivation to study (1) and the method of the proof arose from recent work of the author
[10] on generalised solutions for fully nonlinear systems.
Modelling of non-linear losses in an integrated contactless power supply for magnetically levitated elevator systems using discrete circuit elements
Authors: Putri Aryanti Kusuma , Appunn Rüdiger , Hameyer Kay
Published: June 2015

A contactless energy transmission system is essential to supply onboard systems of electromagnetically levitated vehicles without physical contact to the guide rail. One of the possibilities to realise a contactless power supply (CPS) is by integrating the primary actuator into the guide rail of an electromagnetic guiding system (MGS). The secondary actuator is mounted on the elevator car. During the energy transmission, load dependent non-linear losses occur in the guide rail. The additional losses, which are caused by the leakage flux penetrating into the guide rail, cannot be modelled using the classical approach of iron losses in the equivalent circuit of a transformer, which is a constant parallel resistance to the mutual inductance. This paper introduces an approach for modelling the load dependent non-linear losses occurring in the guide rail using additional variable discrete circuit elements
Field-circuit modelling of an advanced welding transformer with two parallel rectifiers
Authors: Sakhno Lyudmila , Sakhno Olga , Dubitsky Simon
Published: June 2015

The new topology of three-winding welding transformer is proposed. Each secondary winding is connected in parallel through the separate bridge rectifier to the welding arc. The main feature of the proposed device is parallel working of two secondary windings with different rated voltage. The advantage is nonlinear transformation ratio of current that provides unprecedented power efficiency. The self- and mutual leakage inductances, which are important in power conversion, are calculated by 2D FEA model. The operational current of the device is modelled numerically via P-Spice simulator. The proposed topology is up to 30% more power effective than conventional welding transformer provided that the leakage inductances of primary and secondary windings are correctly fitted. This transformer is used for manual arc welding
Relapsing Polychondritis Possibly Caused by Chronic Infection with Borrelia Burgdorferi – Case Report
Authors: Morariu S.H. , Badea M.A. , Cotoi O.S. , Vartolomei M.D. , Badea Iudita-Maria , Suciu M. , Buicu F.
Published: June 2015

Introduction: Relapsing polychondritis has been described by Rudolph von Jaksch Warthenhorst in 1923 under the name of polichondropathy. Although the etiology is unknown, an autoimmune mechanism is likely due to formation of autoantibodies to type II collagen in the extracellular matrix of the cartilage with its consequent destruction.

Case report: We present a case with relapsing polychondritis according to McAdam and Damiani criteria and with positive Western blot reaction for Ac IgG anti Borrelia burgdorferi. Serological reaction became negative and the patient presented favorable evolution at 6 months follow-up after corticosteroid therapy and antibiotics.

Conclusion: Chronic infection with Borrelia burgdorferi may play a role in relapsing polychondritis determinism
The relationship between blood pressure variability and cardiovascular risk factors in patients with primary hypertension
Authors: Magdás Annamária , Benedek I. , Belényi Boglárka , Carasca C. , Gábos Gabriella , Incze A.
Published: June 2015

Objective: The aim of the study is to assess 24-hour blood pressure variability, circadian blood pressure profile and its relation to 24-hour blood pressure and cardiovascular risk factors in primary hypertension without any associated disease versus associated with a disease such as diabetes or chronic kidney disease. Methods: This observational study included 90 hypertensive patients, 49 with primary hypertension without associated disease and 41 patients with primary hypertension and diabetes or chronic kidney disease. Circadian blood pressure profile and 24-hour variability were assessed using ambulatory monitoring. Laboratory data regarding cardiovascular risk factors and demographic data were collected in a questionnaire. Results: The number of dipper patients was higher in the group without associated disease, but the difference was not statistically significant (p=0.27). In both groups a positive correlation was found between 24-hour systolic blood pressure variability and 24-hour systolic blood pressure (p=0.029) and was related to age (p=0.031). In the second group, systolic variability showed a positive correlation with serum triglycerides (p=0.006, r=0.416, CI: 0.1252 to 0.6422). Conclusion: Our findings suggest that systolic blood pressure variability is related to age, systolic blood pressure values and serum lipid levels. To prevent end organ damage in hypertension, the assessment of ambulatory monitoring derived 24-hour systolic blood pressure variability and its reduction may be at least as important as blood pressure lowering.
The CO2 Absorber Based on LiOH
Authors: Zilberman P.
Published: June 2015

Carbon dioxide absorbers have been used in anesthesiology for many years. However, this process is not limited to this field of medicine. Removing carbon dioxide from human environment is used in other areas as well: mining industry, submarines, scuba diving, space travel and many others. The rationale to remove carbon dioxide from confined spaces is that cannot be eliminated otherwise. Anesthesia practitioners are well aware of this component of the circle system, the carbon dioxide absorber. In daily practice the clinician is less concerned with what kind of substance fills the dedicated canister, as this is usually in the care of the maintenance personnel. The appearance of Sevoflurane and Desflurane, with their own chemical characteristics, prompted the clinician to dedicate new attention to these absorbents. The classical substances used for this purpose are different combinations of limes. The practical concern of the anesthesiologist is to notice when the absorbent is consumed and call for its replacement. Still, many other aspects remain: compound A formation with Sevoflurane, carbon monoxide formation with Desflurane and dry absorbent for instance. The latest member of these products in the medical field is the LiOH carbon dioxide absorbent. Although used for many years in the space exploration, its way into the operating room is a rather recent achievement. Special chemical properties and high absorptive capacity make this new type of absorbent an attractive option for modern anesthesia practice. The article below invites the reader through a short journey on the history of the CO2 absorbents and anesthesia circuits, Lithiumas a chemical element and, finally, to this new type of absorbent.
Effect of body size on the abundance of ectoparasitic mites on the wild rodent Oligoryzomys nigripes
Authors: Fernandes Fernanda Rodrigues , Cruz Leonardo Dominici , Linhares Arício Xavier , Zuben Claudio José Von
Published: June 2015

The abundance of parasites on a host can be affected by several factors; in this study, we investigated the influence of sex and body size of the host rodent Oligoryzomys nigripes on the abundance of ectoparasitic mites (Acari: Mesostigmata). The generalized linear model indicated that body size (indicative of age) of the host rodent O. nigripes significantly contributed to the variation in the abundance of mites on host rodents at the Experimental Station of Itirapina. This trend of increased parasitism on hosts with larger body sizes may be linked to the fact that larger individuals are able to support the coexistence of a larger number of parasites, and being more mobile, are more exposed to infection by parasites.
Molecular characterization of Fascioloides magna (Trematoda: Fasciolidae) from south-western Poland based on mitochondrial markers
Authors: Králová-Hromadová Ivica , Bazsalovicsová Eva , Demiaszkiewicz Aleksander W.
Published: June 2015

The giant liver fluke, Fascioloides magna, is a veterinary important liver parasite of free living and domestic ruminants. This originally North American parasite was introduced along with its cervid hosts to Europe where it has established three permanent natural foci - in northern Italy, central and southern parts of the Czech Republic and the Danube floodplain forests. The first record on fascioloidosis in Poland originated from the Lower Silesian Forest in south-western Poland and since then an occurrence of F. magna in this country has not been documented. Recently, the parasitological examination of red deer (Cervus elaphus elaphus) from the Lower Silesian Wilderness (south-western Poland) revealed the presence of F. magna eggs. In order to determine the genetic interrelationships of the Polish giant liver fluke individuals, they were molecularly analyzed by mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (cox1) and nicotinamide dehydrogenase subunit I (nad1) and compared with haplotypes of so far studied European populations of the parasite. The study revealed the genetic uniformity of F. magna specimens from Poland with part of individuals from the Czech natural focus.

Note: Nucleotide sequence data reported in this paper are available in the GenBank
Upper Cretaceous to Pleistocene melilitic volcanic rocks of the Bohemian Massif: petrology and mineral chemistry
Authors: Skála Roman , Ulrych Jaromír , Ackerman Lukáš , Krmíček Lukáš , Fediuk Ferry , Balogh Kadosa , Hegner Ernst
Published: June 2015

Upper Cretaceous to Pleistocene volcanic rocks of the Bohemian Massif represent the easternmost part of the Central European Volcanic Province. These alkaline volcanic series include rare melilitic rocks occurring as dykes, sills, scoria cones and flows. They occur in three volcanic periods: (i) the Late Cretaceous to Paleocene period (80–59 Ma) in northern Bohemia including adjacent territories of Saxony and Lusatia, (ii) the Mid Eocene to Late Miocene (32.3–5.9 Ma) period disseminated in the Ohře Rift, the Cheb–Domažlice Graben, Vogtland, and Silesia and (iii) the Early to Late Pleistocene period (1.0–0.26 Ma) in western Bohemia. Melilitic magmas of the Eocene to Miocene and Pleistocene periods show a primitive mantle source [(143Nd/144Nd)t=0.51280–0.51287; (87Sr/86Sr)t=0.7034–0.7038)] while those of the Upper Cretaceous to Paleocene period display a broad scatter of Sr–Nd ratios. The (143Nd/144Nd)t ratios (0.51272–0.51282) of the Upper Cretaceous to Paleocene rocks suggest a partly heterogeneous mantle source, and their (87Sr/86Sr)t ratios (0.7033–0.7049) point to an additional late- to post-magmatic hydrothermal contribution. Major rock-forming minerals include forsterite, diopside, melilite, nepheline, sodalite group minerals, phlogopite, Cr- and Ti-bearing spinels. Crystallization pressures and temperatures of clinopyroxene vary widely between ~1 to 2 GPa and between 1000 to 1200 °C, respectively. Nepheline crystallized at about 500 to 770 °C. Geochemical and isotopic similarities of these rocks occurring from the Upper Cretaceous to Pleistocene suggest that they had similar mantle sources and similar processes of magma development by partial melting of a heterogeneous carbonatized mantle source.
The Entangled Sovereignties of Air Police: Mapping the Boundary of the International and the Imperial
Authors: Munro Campbell
Published: June 2015

The contemporary proliferation of drones and other forms of aerial interventions herald the (re)emergence of air policing as the principal modality for the fabrication of order in the global periphery. Air policing is predominantly framed by international legal analysis as merely ‘killing from above,’ yet this designation obfuscates the concomitant occupation of airspaces entailed by drones and other aerial technologies. Such occupations constitute an assertion of jurisdiction in nominally sovereign airspaces authorised by latent imperial legality. The history of air policing reveals a genealogy of ‘aerial imperial formations,’ enfolded within the abstract airspaces regulated by international law notions of ‘complete and exclusive’ sovereignty. Through a focus on the spatio-legal construction of airspace, this paper proposes a reframing of the nexus of sovereignty, jurisdiction and territory, and suggests that we conceive of the principle of indivisible sovereignty as propounded under
New distribution records of Strigula (Strigulaceae, Ascomycota) from the Western Ghats in India
Authors: Subramanya Shravan Kumar , Krishnamurthy Yelugere Linganaik
Published: June 2015

The paper gives new records of four foliicolous lichenised fungi from the Western Ghats: Strigula melanobapha (Kremp.) R. Sant., S. nemathora Mont. f. nemathora, S. nemathora f. hypothelia (Nyl.) Lücking and S. orbicularis Fr. A brief taxonomic description, remarks, ecological notes and distribution details are provided for all the studied taxa.
The Revolving Door and the Entrenchment of the Permanent War Economy
Authors: Duncan Thomas K. , Coyne Christopher J.
Published: June 2015

This paper analyzes the “revolving door” phenomena in the military sector in the US. The revolving door refers to the back-and-forth movement of personnel between the government and private sector. We examine the structure of the revolving door and explain how its very nature leads to the perpetuation of the permanent war economy. This analysis yields several important implications. First, the dynamics of the revolving door shape the military-industrial complex in a way that serves the narrow interests of select elites rather than the broad interests of citizens. Second, because the perverse incentives are a product of the institutional structure of the US military sector, the negative consequences are also structural and cannot be solved by increased oversight.
Novel Ret Mutations in Macedonian Patients with Medullary Thyroid Carcinoma: Genotype-Phenotype Correlations/ Нови Ret-Мутации Кај Македонски Пациенти Со Медуларен Карцином На Тироидната Жлезда: Генотипско-Фенотипски Корелации
Authors: Jovanovic Rubens , Kostadinova-Kunovska Slavica , Janevska Vesna , Bogoeva Biljana , Spasevska Liljana , Miladinova Daniela , Ugrinska Ana , Zdraveska-Kochovska Marina , Trajkov Dejan , Petrusevska Gordana
Published: June 2015

Medullary thyroid carcinomas (MTCs) are rare neoplasms comprising 2-10% of all thyroid malignnancies. More than 75% are sporadic tumors and the remainder is familial and MEN2 related. Both sporadic and syndromic MTCs frequently show mutations in the RET proto-oncogene. It has been noted that some MTC cases present an indolent, and some an aggressive clinical course. Ki-67 expression is generally low, with documented exceptions, whereas high expression of Bcl-2 has been reported in majority of the cases. Some studies have shown that Ki-67 and Bcl-2 expressions have prognostic value, as well as RET mutational status. We analyzed 20 unrelated MTC cases for Ki-67, Bcl-2 expression and RET mutations and tested their intercorrelations, correlations to the morphologic features and stage of the tumors, as well as their influence on survival. In 13 of the 20 analyzed cases we found 23 sequence changes distributed in exons 8, 10-13 and 16. There were 11 different missense mutations, single nucleotide deletion with frameshift, and 8 different synonymous mutations. Only 4 of the sequence changes have been previously published. Twelve patients (60%) had tumors expressing one or more missense mutations or single nucleotide deletion and 7 of them (35%) had at least one damaging or possibly damaging RET mutation. Most of the tumors had low Ki-67 expression (mean 6.48% of cells) and high Bcl-2 expression (mean 68.3%). Significantly better survival was observed in cases with low Ki-67 (< 6.5%; p < 0.05), high Bcl-2 expression (> 68.3%; p < 0.01) and younger age at diagnosis (< 51 years; p < 0.05).
Synchronous Occurrence of Ileal Stromal Tumor (GIST) and Colonic Adenocarcinoma: A Case Report/ Синхроно Јавување На Илеален Стромален Тумор (Гист) И Аденокарцином На Колон – Приказ На Случај
Authors: Trajkovska Elizabeta , Janevska Vesna , Spasevska Liljana , Janevski Vlado , Zhivadinovik Julija , Petrushevska Gordana , Dukova Blagica
Published: June 2015

Introduction: Gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GIST) are the most common mesenchymal tumors of the digestive tract. There is an increasing number of literature reports on synchronous occurrence of gastrointestinal stromal tumors and another malignancy of distinct etiology and evolution. The most reported cases include gastric synchronous occurrence of gastrointestinal stromal tumors and adenocarcinoma and gastric gastrointestinal stromal tumors and colonic adenocarcinoma.

Case report: We present a case of a 77-old female, with synchronous cecal moderately differentiated adenocarcinoma in Stage IIA according to the TNM classification and ileal spindle cell type GIST with low malignant potential, positive for c-Kit, CD34, vimentin, Actin, and negative for S100.

Conclusion: The synchronous occurrence of small bowel gastrointestinal stromal tumors and other primary gastrointestinal malignancies has been rarely reported. There is a need of further investigations to identify the relationship between gastrointestinal stromal tumors and colorectal cancers.
Assessing Empathic Attitudes in Medical Students: The Re-Validation of the Jefferson Scale of Empathystudent Version Report
Authors: Petek Šter Marija , Selič Polona
Published: June 2015

Introduction. Self-reported scales, such as the Jefferson Scale of Empathy - Student version (JSE-S), had been recognised to measure the empathic disposition rather than behavioural expression. This study aimed to re-validate the JSE-S and its factor structure prior further research on empathy in medical students.

Methods. A convenience sampling method was employed in two consecutive academic years, in 2012/13 and 2013/14, at the Faculty of Medicine in Ljubljana, Slovenia; first and final year students participated voluntarily. The JSE-S examined empathy levels. The principal component analysis was performed with Oblimin rotation and Kaisers’ criteria. Factors with eigenvalues ≥ 1.25 were retained and items loading ≥ |0.40| were required for the interpretation of the factor structure.

Results. The total study sample size was 845 students, (580 (68.6%)) of them women; 327 (72.2%) were in the first (19.2 ± 1.9 years old) and 253 (61.7%) in the sixth (24.9 ± 1.1 years old) year of medical school. Females achieved higher JSE-S scores in all groups. The three-factor JSE-S was confirmed, but only seven items were concordant in all groups. A higher proportion of explained variation for Perspective Taking and Standing in the Patient`s Shoes, and better internal consistency, was found in a reduced-item scale (16-18 items). When performing factor analysis of a seven-item scale, the percentages of explained variance increased with two factors extracted.

Conclusions. Only the cognitive dimension of JSE-S gave results as expected, therefore proper terminology, i.e. the object of assessment, must be used in further administration of JSE-S and empathy-related research in medical students.
A polyoxometalate-based inorganic–organic hybrid material: synthesis, characterization structure and photocatalytic study
Authors: Tian Jingzhi , Jing Tao , Zheng Yongjie
Published: June 2015

A new polyoxometalate (POM)-based inorganic–organic hybrid compound, [Ag2(bib)3][H2SiW12O40] (1), has been hydrothermally synthesized and characterized by routine methods. Single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis reveals that inorganic supramolecular chains constructed of POM and [Ag2(bib)3] subunits are fused together via the Ag cations forming a 3D supramolecular structure. The structure possesses the moganite-type topology. The photocatalytic properties have been investigated through the oxidative decomposition of Rhodamine-B dye.
Malign or Maligned? – Arthur Winnington-Ingram, Bishop of London, in the First World War
Authors: Bell Stuart
Published: June 2015

Arthur Winnington-Ingram, Bishop of London, features prominently in all the scholarly narratives of the activities of the Church of England during the First World War. Particular emphasis has been placed on his description of the conflict as a “Holy War”, on his assertion that those who died in the cause of Britain and her allies should be seen as martyrs, and on his very successful efforts to persuade men to enlist as combatants. Furthermore, many books claim that the Bishop in a 1915 sermon called on his hearers to “Kill Germans”.

This paper closely examines contemporary narratives of that sermon and the way in which an anti-clerical writer of the 1930s edited the original text, thus seriously distorting Winnington-Ingram’s message. An analysis of the Bishop’s declaration which was made in 1960, but significantly modified in 1971, is identified as being highly influential in shaping contemporary perceptions of him.

The context of a short article in which the Bishop described the conflict as a “Holy War” is examined and an attempt is made to show that such pronouncements were the logical development of the then widely-held perception of Britain as a nation especially chosen by God to take to the world both the benefits of its Empire and the light of the Gospel. It is shown that the most balanced assessments of his activities have come from non-British historians and theologians who have been able to offer a more detached and less anachronistic analysis than, in particular, some ordained Anglican writers.

The way in which the scholarly critique of Winnington-Ingram has in recent years been taken up by more popular authors in a process of distillation and embellishment is described. Finally, his repudiation of popular calls for reprisals against German civilians, in the context of the serious loss of life incurred through the German bombing of London, is offered as a corrective to the highly prejudicial way in which the war-time activities of Arthur Winnington-Ingram have been presented in both the scholarly literature and popular narratives.
Beyond Love: Hegel on the Limits of Love in Modern Society
Authors: Lewis Thomas A.
Published: June 2015

Early in his development, love played the central role in Hegel’s attempts to overcome fragmentation and division both within society and within the self. This initial conception of love was decisively shaped by his early romantic contemporaries. Hegel soon came to see, however, that love so conceived threatens a sense of individuality intrinsic to modern identity and cannot be a basis for modern social cohesion. This form of love binds people so closely that it becomes oppressive. Hegel’s mature alternative to this early view incorporates love into a more complex conception of modern society. Here, love finds expression and plays a central role in the family, but broader social cohesion is underwritten by a diverse range of affective attachments other than love. This strategy motivates a surprisingly subtle account of patriotism together with substantial emphasis on the role of religious institutions in shaping our political dispositions.
Reliability of Analysis Methods for Identifying Dispersive Clays
Authors: Wei Yingqi , Cai Hong , Wen Yanfeng , Yan Jun , Xiao Jianzhang
Published: June 2015

Numerous methods for identifying dispersive clays have been proposed: the pinhole test, the double hydrometer test, the crumb test, the sodium adsorption ratio test, the percentage of the exchangeable sodium cation test, and a number of different auxiliary tests. However, the results of these methods have been in some cases inconsistent. Therefore, in this study, identification tests and conventional laboratory index tests for 34 cohesive soil samples collected from 10 domestic and foreign engineering projects completed by the China Institute of Water Resources and Hydropower Research over the last 20 years were analyzed and compared. The results showed that the dispersive grade of clay was not directly related to the gradation, specific gravity, liquid limit, or plasticity index but was closely related to the soil pH value. Moreover, the pinhole test was not suitable for identifying the dispersion of soil with a low clay content or high expansion.
Reliability Analysis and Evaluation of Key Parts for Automobiles on the Basis of Dimensional Changes During High-Speed Operation
Authors: Wang Min-Long , Liu Xin-Tian , Wang Yan-Song , Luo Jiao
Published: June 2015

The dimensional changes of automobile parts during high-speed operation are essential to product reliability. To analyze the influences, a censored experiment was proposed in the paper. To conduct the analysis, the experiment was conducted on a clutch hub. First of all, the high-speed test of the hub was conducted and the deformation data was obtained. Then the censored number was calculated based on sample size and costs. Finally, the working speed and dimension range were calculated under reliability design requirements at a cost-effective basis. The proposed method could also be applied to other similar products for the reliability improvement and design.
Independent Molecular Basis of Convergent Highland Adaptation in Maize
Authors: Takuno Shohei , Ralph Peter , Swarts Kelly , Elshire Rob J , Glaubitz Jeffrey C , Buckler Edward S , Hufford Matthew B , Ross-Ibarra Jeffrey
Published: June 2015

Convergent evolution is the independent evolution of similar traits in different species or lineages of the same species; this often is a result of adaptation to similar environments, a process referred to as convergent adaptation. We investigate here the molecular basis of convergent adaptation in maize to highland climates in Mesoamerica and South America, using genome-wide SNP data. Taking advantage of archaeological data on the arrival of maize to the highlands, we infer demographic models for both populations, identifying evidence of a strong bottleneck and rapid expansion in South America. We use these models to then identify loci showing an excess of differentiation as a means of identifying putative targets of natural selection and compare our results to expectations from recently developed theory on convergent adaptation. Consistent with predictions across a wide parameter space, we see limited evidence for convergent evolution at the nucleotide level in spite of strong similarities in overall phenotypes. Instead, we show that selection appears to have predominantly acted on standing genetic variation and that introgression from wild teosinte populations appears to have played a role in highland adaptation in Mexican maize.
Psychometric properties of the Thai version of the work ability index (Thai WAI)
Authors: Kaewboonchoo Orawan , Ratanasiripong Paul
Published: June 2015

Psychometric properties of the Thai version of the work ability index (Thai WAI): Orawan Kaewboonchoo, et al. Faculty of Public Health, Mahidol University, Thailand

Objective

The purpose of this research was to develop and test the psychometric properties of the Thai version of the Work Ability Index (WAI).

Methods

Forward translation and back‐translation of the WAI were performed by seven bilingual professionals to ensure that the Thai WAI was culturally relevant and conceptually accurate. To ensure generalizability of the Thai WAI, a sample of 2,744 Thai workers from 19 different enterprises in five regions of Thailand completed the Thai version of the WAI along with the General Health Questionnaire. The 19 enterprises were from the following industries: canned food, snack food, cooking oil, footwear, pharmaceutical, ceramics, toy, steel, petrochemical, and auto parts.

Results

The results from exploratory factor analysis supported a 3‐factor model, accounting for 53.49% of the total variance. The results also provided evidence for adequate test‐retest reliability and internal consistency of the Thai WAI. The internal consistency of the Thai WAI was found to be slightly low due to the newness of the concept of work ability, which is not a common term used in the Thai language; therefore, explanation of the meaning of work ability is needed to increase understanding of workers.

Conclusions

By providing early recognition of workers’ health risks as well as risks of early termination, the WAI can help Thai human resources managers respond better to the needs of workers and be proactive in their efforts to retain workers in their organizations. Occupational health professionals could also utilize the WAI to evaluate the work ability of Thai workers in order to help organizations recognize early signs of their workers’ health risks and possible early terminations and respond appropriately.
Should All Deaf Children Learn Sign Language?
Authors: Napoli Donna Jo , Mellon Nancy K. , Niparko John K. , Rathmann Christian , Mathur Gaurav , Humphries Tom , Handley Theresa , Scambler Sasha , Lantos John D.
Published: June 2015

Every year, 10 000 infants are born in the United States with sensorineural deafness. Deaf children of hearing (and nonsigning) parents are unique among all children in the world in that they cannot easily or naturally learn the language that their parents speak. These parents face tough choices. Should they seek a cochlear implant for their child? If so, should they also learn to sign? As pediatricians, we need to help parents understand the risks and benefits of different approaches to parent–child communication when the child is deaf.
Resultados de un programa de drogodependencia en el Hospital William Allen Taylor de Turrialba
Authors: Vargas Solano Giovanni , Jiménez Piza Mauro , Redondo Murillo Eida , Zúñiga Rodríguez Lucy
Published: June 2015

Objetivo: Documentar las intervenciones realizadas por un equipo interdisciplinario para personas con problemas de abuso y dependencia a sustancias en un hospital periférico rural de la Caja Costarricense de Seguro Social. Material y métodos: Se realizó un estudio observacional retrospectivo de los pacientes que participaron en el programa de drogodependencia en el Hospital William Allen de Turrialba de agosto del 2008 a Noviembre del 2010. Resultados: Se realizaron 505 consultas psicológicas. De una muestra de 101 expedientes se contabilizaron 4782 días de abstinencia sostenida de sustancias psicoactivas. 13 pacientes que tuvieron alguna recaída lo que representó un 22%. En promedio se contabilizó 82.4 días de abstinencia y se realizaron 3.7 consultas por paciente. Un 22% de los pacientes tuvieron recaídas. El 53% de la población atendida se encuentra entre los 40 y 60 años La principal sustancia de consumo reportada fue el alcohol 45%. 6 casos fueron tratados con un plan de sustitución de opioides. Conclusión: Este programa ha logrado un impacto en la abstinencia de las personas atendidas con problemasde consumo y adicción a sustancia psicoactivas.
Bio-hybrid photoconverter by covalent functionalization of the photosynthetic reaction center ofRhodobacter sphaeroideswith fluorescein isothiocyanate
Authors: Tangorra Rocco Roberto , Antonucci Alessandra , Milano Francesco , la Gatta Simona , Operamolla Alessandra , Ragni Roberta , Agostiano Angela , Trotta Massimo , Farinola Gianluca M.
Published: June 2015

Organic biological hybrid systems, accessible by covalent functionalization of photosynthetic proteins with molecular antennas, represent a promising novelty to enhance natural photosynthesis. In this paper, we present the successful bioconjugation of a commercial fluorophore, fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC), to the photosynthetic reaction center RC from the bacteriumRhodobacter sphaeroidesstrain R26. The resulting hybrid outperforms the pristine protein in hole-electron couple generation yield, exclusively at wavelengths where the fluorophore absorbs while the protein does not.
Anatase titania nanoparticles for covering P3HT microfibers: Morphological properties
Authors: Díaz-Cruz Evelyn B. , Hernandez Diego , Nicho-Díaz M.E. , Martínez-Alvarez Omar , Zhao-Hu Hailin , Martínez-Alonso Claudia , Arenas-Arrocena M.C.
Published: June 2015

Anatase titania has been widely used for several applications such as photocatalysis and solar cells. Sol-gel is a conventional route to obtain amorphous titania and, either post-annealing or a post-hydrothermal treatment are necessary to obtain anatase crystalline phase. It is well known that the synthesis conditions affect in the particle size, surface area and grain size of the titania. In this work regular nanoparticles of anatase titania (TiO2) were obtained by an easy ultrasound-assisted synthesis; the nanoparticles were undergone to either a hydrothermal treatment at 130 °C and/or to an annealing at 450°C. Nanoparticles powder with a crystal size of about 8-10 nm were re-dispersed in aqueous solution at different concentrations (5 to 20mg/mL). Poly (3-hexylthiophene) (P3HT) microfibers were immersed into the TiO2 nanoparticles solution for 24 h and they were dried at 80°C for 1 h in order to form the bulk heterojunction. P3HT:TiO2 heterojunctions were characterized by SEM and EDS. According to SEM results at low concentration (5 mg/mL), the covering of the P3HT microfibers is poor and at high concentration (20 mg/mL) the microfibers were seen cracked. The best homogeneous covering onto the P3HT microfibers was obtained at 10mg/mL of titania nanoparticles; it could be the optimal concentration to build bulk heterojunction for hybrid solar cells.
Applications of ZnO Nanowires as Electrode Materials in Photosynthetic Bio-Photoelectrochemical Cells
Authors: Yaghoubi Houman , Santhanakrishn Anand Kumar , Khan Md , Beatty J. Thomas , Takshi Arash
Published: June 2015

Harvesting solar energy, is only one of the incentives of incorporating photosynthetic proteins in electrochemical devices. Understanding the interface of photosynthetic protein complexes and organic\inorganic underlying electrodes can give rise to development of new generation of nano-bioelectronics for other applications such as sensing, as well. Previous approaches in fabricating photosynthetic bio-hybrid electrochemical solar cells were mainly based on metallic electrodes with protein complexes attached, either directly or through linker molecules. Due to the energy band structure in semiconductors, they potentially can be useful for selective charge transfer in an electrochemical device. In the current study, a two terminal sealed bio-hybrid solar cell device was fabricated comprising of hydrothermally grown ZnO nanowires on fluorine doped tin oxide (FTO) glass working electrode, a Pt counter electrode, and methyl viologen (MV) as a single diffusible redox mediator. The ZnO working electrode was initially characterized using scanning electron microscopy (XRD) and X-ray diffraction (XRD). A solution of dimeric Rhodobacter sphaeroides – light harvesting 1 (RC-LH1) core complexes and redox electrolyte was injected into the cavity between working and counter electrodes. Such structure resulted in ∼0.64 µA.cm-2 photocurrent density and ∼0.24 V open circuit potential difference in the dark and under illumination. Additionally, the device stability tests demonstrated that the current response of such devices remained unchanged after 33 hours storage in the dark.
Monitoring the size and the stability of zinc oxide quantum dots in biological media: a soft ionization mass spectrometry technique (MALDI-TOF-MS)
Authors: Gaumet Jean-Jacques , Gaiffe Gabriel , Dezanet Clément , Dalmasso Stéphane , Magri Pierre , Balan Lavinia , Schneider Raphaël
Published: June 2015

We present herein a joint physical/physico-chemical study and, more specifically, the first application of Matrix Assisted Laser Desorption Ionization coupled with Time of Flight Mass Spectrometry (MALDI-TOF-MS) to analyze small-sized ZnO quantum dots (QDs) (2.8-3.1 nm diameter range) synthesized by sol-gel chemistry and stabilized through an aminosilane coating. A careful investigation of the stability of ZnO QDs was initiated once these dots were dispersed in different media (water, biological buffer) for a period up to 3 weeks. Positive ion mode mass spectra MALDI-TOF-MS combined with optical spectrometry was used to monitor the stability of ZnO QDs when aging. Such a unique combination of MALDI-TOF-MS and physico-chemical techniques is likely to bring new insights into the structure analysis, the stability and consequently the potential toxicity of QDs.
Condition for Perfect Resonant Antireflection
Authors: Wang Ken Xingze , Fan Shanhui
Published: June 2015

Reflection occurs at an air-material interface. The development of antireflection schemes, which aims to cancel such reflection, is important for a wide variety of applications including solar cells and photodetectors. Recently, it has been demonstrated that a periodic array of resonant subwavelength objects placed at an air-material interface can significantly reduce reflection that otherwise would have occurred at such an interface. Here, we introduce the theoretical condition for complete reflection cancellation in this resonant antireflection scheme. Using both general theoretical arguments and analytical temporal coupled-mode theory formalisms, we show that in order to achieve perfect resonant antireflection, the periodicity of the array needs to be smaller than the free-space wavelength of the incident light for normal incidence, and also the resonances in the subwavelength objects need to radiate into air and the dielectric material in a balanced fashion. Our theory is validated using first-principles full-field electromagnetic simulations of structures operating in the infrared wavelength ranges. For solar cell or photodetector applications, resonant antireflection has the potential of providing a low-cost technique for antireflection that does not require nanofabrication into the absorber materials, which may introduce detrimental effects such as additional surface recombination. Our work here provides theoretical guidance for the practical design of such resonant antireflection schemes.
Fishes from Baía da Medalha, southern Pantanal, Brazil: A 20 years review
Authors: Severo-Neto Francisco , Tencatt Luiz Fernando Caserta , Costa-Pereira Raul , Tavares Luiz Eduardo Roland
Published: June 2015

Abstract Located in the Pantanal of Miranda-Abobral, the Baía da Medalha is the largest pond close to the Base de Estudos do Pantanal of the Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul. The Baía da Medalha has been a study site for several didactic and scientific projects for years. Nevertheless, its fish fauna has never been inventoried. Based on data collected from the beginning of the 1990s up to 2011, we provide a list of fish species from the Baía da Medalha. A total of 97 species were recorded, corresponding to about 40% of the species stated for the Pantanal. Characiformes and Siluriformes were the most species-rich orders, being Characidae and Cichlidae the families with the highest number of species. Regional seasonal flood dynamics and the abundance of aquatic macrophytes may be associated with this high diversity. The representative richness found in this lagoon highlights the importance of such taxonomic surveys to preserve the diversity of aquatic habitats within the Pantanal ecosystem.
Unfaithful narratives: methodological and affective notes about experiences of masculinity in a dating website for married people
Authors: Pelúcio Larissa
Published: June 2015

Internet, sex and secret are a triad that launches many methodological and ethical challenges for those who conduct researches in the digital media field requiring reinvention of already consolidated techniques. On Ashley Madison website, which is oriented to promote dates between married people, I became immersed in the dynamics of these relations in which the tension among new communication technologies, masculinities, conjugalities and affections market led me to discuss the researcher's place and role as interlocutor and confident; being aware of the emotional dimension of media proved to be a crucial factor on the production of discourse and of the evident textualization of oneself.
Self-exposed nudity on the net: displacements of obscenity and beauty?
Authors: Sibilia Paula
Published: June 2015

This article focuses on images of nude female bodies that circulate today within the media, and on the internet in particular. Prime attention is given to the images that women publish as self portraits. From a genealogical perspective, we examine the politicization involved in a new set of practices, diverse but recent, and how they impact on current redefinitions of beauty standards and criteria defining what is considered to be obscene.
Entre "reais" e "virtuais": noções sobre risco e verdade em um clube brasileiro para crossdressers
Authors: Vencato Anna Paula
Published: June 2015

Proponho analisar a partir das noções de "real" e "virtual" como se constrói a hierarquia dentre associadas em um clube brasileiro para crossdressers, que se organiza a partir da internet, e o quanto elas impactam as negociações e relações sociais para dentro e para fora do clube na produção de "crossdressers de verdade". Também busco entender em que medida se constroem lugares diferenciados para as associadas, pautadas nas noções sociológicas de gênero, sexualidade, estigma e senioridade.