bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Accompagner les personnes handicapées mentales confrontées à la maladie d’Alzheimer
Authors: Delporte Muriel
Published: July 2019

Les personnes présentant un handicap mental font désormais l’expérience de vieillir et peuvent développer des pathologies telles que la maladie d’Alzheimer. Mais l’organisation sectorielle des dispositifs sanitaires et médicosociaux en France aboutit à une non-prise en compte de cette problématique, et il n’existe actuellement pas de dispositifs d’accompagnement dédiés à ce public. Cet article propose un retour d’expérience sur une action mise en œuvre auprès de professionnels, de familles et de résidents d’établissements d’hébergement, et visant à améliorer l’accompagnement des personnes handicapées mentales confrontées à la maladie d’Alzheimer. Nous verrons que les professionnels expriment une volonté forte de construire des modalités d’accompagnement adaptées. Pour les familles, l’éventualité de la survenue de la maladie d’Alzheimer chez leur proche représente une nouvelle épreuve, qui s’inscrit dans un parcours de vie singulier. Enfin, les résidents d’établissements médicosociaux sont amenés à cohabiter avec des personnes atteintes de la maladie d’Alzheimer et se positionnent facilement dans le registre de l’aide, mais ne sont pas pour autant reconnus comme des « aidants ».
« Nous vieillirons ensemble ». Expérimenter l’intersectorialité
Authors: Liot Françoise , Montero Sarah
Published: July 2019

Ce texte analyse les résultats d’une expérimentation intitulée « Nous vieillirons ensemble » menée dans un territoire rural français marqué par l’accroissement de la population de plus de 75 ans. En s’adossant à un service de maintien des personnes à domicile, il est question de tester l’action artistique et culturelle comme moyen de rompre l’isolement des personnes âgées. Ce projet, intersectoriel et partenarial, interroge le maintien du lien social pour ces personnes dépendantes. En produisant de nouvelles coopérations sur le territoire, il conduit à remettre en cause les pratiques professionnelles aussi bien des aidantes que des artistes impliqués dans le projet. Plus encore, il contribue à reconsidérer les objectifs assignés aux organisations dans leur prise en compte des publics pour une plus grande individualisation des services. Ainsi, il incite à penser le lien social non plus en termes de déficit des personnes âgées mais comme un continuum des pratiques et des représentations, la place attribuée à la relation devant être réinterrogée dans l’ensemble de ces pratiques professionnelles.
Entreprises sociales et entrepreneuriat social : émergence et enjeux de nouveaux modèles
Authors: Noguès Henry
Published: July 2019

« Entreprise sociale », « entrepreneurs sociaux » : ces termes appartiennent désormais aux discours et orientations des politiques publiques nationales et internationales, et traduisent dans certains cercles de grandes espérances en matière de progrès pour la société. Cet article expose les raisons qui ont présidé à l’émergence de ce phénomène et de ces notions, qui s’inscrivent dans une dynamique plus large de promotion des valeurs du monde de l’entreprise (I). Plusieurs facteurs se sont avérés particulièrement favorables à la montée en puissance de l’idée d’entreprise sociale (II). Selon le sens que l’on donne à un phénomène qui apparaît comme ambivalent, l’impact qu’il est susceptible d’avoir sur les entreprises de l’économie sociale (et plus généralement sur la conception générale de l’entreprise, voire la société dans son ensemble) peut s’avérer très différent (III).
Repenser l’entreprise de l’ESS à l’aune de la RSE et de la loi Pacte
Authors: Bidet Éric , Filippi Maryline , Richez-Battesti Nadine
Published: July 2019

Depuis les dérives de la financiarisation des entreprises, la mission de l’entreprise évolue pour tenter de mieux prendre en compte les impacts liés à son activité. La loi de 2014 relative à l’ESS dénotait déjà une reconnaissance et un intérêt pour les entreprises reposant sur une logique autre que la seule rémunération des actionnaires. Désormais, les structures soucieuses de montrer leur engagement sociétal ont le choix d’opter pour un statut d’entreprise de l’ESS, de s’inscrire dans une démarche de responsabilité sociétale des entreprises (RSE) ou de se doter d’une raison d’être (loi Pacte). Dès lors, dans ce contexte, quels sont la place, le sens et l’avenir de l’entreprise d’ESS ? Cet article caractérise les relations entre ces différentes approches et modèles de la responsabilité sociétale, en vue d’en déterminer les convergences et singularités.
Concept-Based Learning Activities in Clinical Nursing Education
Authors: Heims Marsha L , Boyd Sheryl T
Published: July 2019

ABSTRACT

Few substantive changes are evident in clinical learning activities. This article reports the development, use, and beginning research on the Concept-based Learning Activity (CBLA), an innovative clinical learning activity. The main difference between this and current clinical learning activities is the relationship between student and client. Students study and perform selected aspects of the client's nursing management. Focus on specific objectives and best use of clinical time can be achieved with this model. Implementation of the CBLA requires collaboration with nursing staff. Students, staff, and teachers indicate many advantages to the CBLA, including flexibility, focus on learning, efficacy in use of clinical time, and recognition of the student as a capable learner. Formal evaluation of CBLA use indicates positive staff nurse perceptions. Statistically significant results were found when staff nurse groups who used the CBLA were compared with those who did not. Further studies are needed to evaluate learning outcomes.
Android Application for Children to Learn Basic Solat
Authors: Hamzah Norhasyimah , Abd Halim Noor Dayana , Hassan Mohammad Hafiz , Ariffin Arihasnida
Published: July 2019

The existence of mobile learning application has provided an opportunity for Islamic knowledge to be delivered widely. Accordingly, Muslim application developers have been developing Islamic-based applications for learning about hadith, prayer (solat), and Quran recitation, to list a few. The solat is the pillar of worship that helps Muslims to become better people. Therefore, it is the responsibility of parents to teach their children about solat, particularly when the latter reach the early age of seven. This study aims to (i) develop and incorporate a prayer-learning application that has multimedia elements in order to attract young users and (ii) assess the reliability of the application for children.  A learning application can serve as a new method for learning about how to perform a solat. In this approach, solat can be taught digitally using a portable platform, including Android. In this study, an android learning application was developed using Waterfall methodology which consists of five phases: idea, analysis, design, development, evaluation, and final product.  Adobe Flash Professional CS6 was chosen as a development platform. The application consists of four modules: “Let’s Pray,” “Five Times Prayer,” “Doa’ After a Prayer,” and “Mind Test.”  To authenticate the application, the researchers collected data from expertise (lecturers) from the Faculty of Technical and Vocational Education and Faculty of Science, Technology, and Human Development. These respondents were selected through targeted sampling. The result concludes that the application is suitable for new learners to learn about performing a solat.
A Rasch Model Analysis on Junior High School Students' Scientific Reasoning Ability
Authors: Wati Mustika , Mahtari Saiyidah , Hartini Sri , Amelia Heny
Published: July 2019

Science education that emphasizes only the count is not relevant at the moment. Students must make scientific reasoning in answering the problem. This study aims to determine students' scientific reasoning abilities in light matter. The method in this research was the descriptive method by using the survey technique. The instrument used is a description test consisting of 8 items of light matter. This test was conducted on 201 students from the eighth-grade junior high school in Banjarmasin selected at random. The RASCH model is used as a processing stage of data from raw data into logit numbers that provide information related to infit, outfit and unidimensionality using a winstep program to achieve this goal, this study investigated the quality of items from Item and person measure, Item Bias, item and person reliability, and variable map. The findings show that the scientific reasoning ability of the eighth-grade students can be at a low level. So researchers should strive to improve students' scientific reasoning abilities in future research.
L’administration de la vicomté de Limoges sous gestion bretonne (1275-1375)
Authors: Rémy Christian
Published: July 2019

La vicomté de Limoges, à partir du mariage de
l’héritière Marie avec le jeune Arthur, en 1275, passe rapidement sous
contrôle breton. Dès lors, ce territoire est dirigé par une autorité
lointaine, obligée de déléguer son pouvoir soit à un cadet installé
sur place, soit à un autre titulaire (notamment à plusieurs
douairières successives), tous amenés à en confier la gestion à un
officier en chef. De fait, si la charge de sénéchal vicomtal n’a pas
été créée par les vicomtes bretons et si l’on identifie bien deux
générations d’officiers vicomtaux limousins choisis dans la petite
aristocratie locale, la direction de l’administration a assez
rapidement été confiée à des hommes de confiance des ducs, pris parmi
leurs proches serviteurs. Si quelques autres officiers, juges,
procureurs, receveurs ou bayles locaux, sont aussi des Bretons venus
servir dans la province, l’essentiel du personnel subalterne est
toutefois limousin. Certains de ces Bretons expatriés ont mené une
partie de leur carrière dans la vicomté, quelques-uns y ont même fait
souche, en accédant à des seigneuries, en contractant mariage et en se
fondant dans la noblesse locale. Si la documentation disponible n’est
pas insignifiante, elle s’avère assez dispersée et mériterait de plus
amples investigations, notamment dans les sources bretonnes. L’étude
proposée n’est donc qu’un état des renseignements qu’il a été possible
de rassembler sur la question.
Une matriarche espagnole à la cour de France : Estefanía de Villaquirán, azafata (nourrice) d’Anne d’Autriche
Authors: Barredo María José del Río
Published: July 2019

Estefanía de Villaquirán, azafata ou nourrice d’Anne d’Autriche, était membre de la suite espagnole qui accompagna l’infante à la cour de Louis XIII. En la prenant comme exemple d’une chef de famille de domestiques palatins ayant traversé plusieurs cours d’Europe, l’auteure veut mettre en lumière l’importance des serviteurs subalternes dans les Maisons des infantes espagnoles qui allaient s’installer dans les cours étrangères à l’occasion de leur mariage. La première partie de l’article est consacrée à l’implantation des membres de la famille Villaquirán dans leurs offices de serviteurs à la cour de Turin, puis à celles de Madrid et de Paris. Grâce à son parcours, l’azafata put se constituer un capital social dont elle fit bénéficier les membres de sa famille. La seconde partie de l’article concerne la période qu’elle passa à la cour de France, entre 1615 et 1620. L’auteure s’intéresse à la chambre de la reine dans laquelle Estefanía exerçait ses fonctions, à la complexité des relations entre serviteurs de grades différents, ainsi qu’aux difficultés d’adaptation de la suite espagnole dans un contexte de rivalités et de tensions politiques qui ne favorisaient en rien son intégration. La situation particulière de la nourrice – la seule Espagnole à s’être finalement maintenue à la cour de France – est considérée en conclusion, en soulignant son rôle de matriarche et son influence, comparable à celle d’autres suivantes de la cour qui accompagnaient les infantes de la Maison d’Autriche dans les cours d’Europe.
La place de l’imagination dans le dispositif didactique universitaire : une double fonction identitaire à créer
Authors: Dencuff Marie-Pierre
Published: July 2019

Cette contribution analyse un dispositif de formation universitaire en didactique du français au primaire conçu sous la forme d’un portfolio numérique et dans lequel l’imagination est appelée à jouer un rôle important. Dans une perspective exploratoire, des travaux de futurs enseignants intégrés dans un portfolio numérique (N =39) réalisés dans une université québécoise sont analysés. Les fondements théoriques comprennent le sujet comme étant socioculturellement situé et pour lequel le contexte d’activités régulées et de pratiques normées constitue une action didactique (Brousseau, 1998) sédimentée par la société (Giddens 1984/1987 ; Archer 1998), actualisée par les pratiques et institutionnalisée comme référence dans le temps. Les conclusions de l’analyse de contenu des travaux (de Bonville, 2006) permettent de formuler des hypothèses sur les relations unissant l’évolution du sujet avec celle du rôle d’enseignant. Plus précisément, concernant la dynamique instaurée par ce dispositif et le rapport au savoir pour a) la dimension linguistique et culturelle de la tâche intellectuelle et b) la dimension professionnelle, amorçant une rupture avec les pratiques transmissives.
Effect of Sweep on a Pitching Finite Wing
Authors: Gardner A. D. , Merz C. B. , Wolf C. C.
Published: July 2019

An investigation was performed into the effect of positive and negative sweep angle on the boundary layer transition and dynamic stall behavior of a finite wing. The finite wing had a 6:1 aspect ratio, modern (SPP8) tip shape, and positive twist, moving the maximum load on the wing
away from the wind tunnel wall. Experiments were performed with sweep Λ = ±30° and Λ = 0° for static polars and sinusoidal pitching. The positively twisted wing shows a S-shaped boundary layer transition on the pressure side similar to that previously seen for
helicopter rotor blades in hover. The transition positions on the suction side of the wing are comparable for the same local angle of attack at all values of the sweep at each of the three pressure sections, and for dynamic pitching motions a hysteresis around the static transition positions
is seen. Sweeping the wing led to later stall and higher maximum lift for both static polars and dynamic stall, except for a single case. The negative aerodynamic damping is worse for the swept wing than for the unswept wing, except where the delay of stall led to the flow remaining attached.
High-resolution mapping of vehicle emissions of atmospheric pollutants based on large-scale, real-world traffic datasets
Authors: Yang Daoyuan , Zhang Shaojun , Niu Tianlin , Wang Yunjie , Xu Honglei , Zhang K. Max , Wu Ye
Published: July 2019

Abstract. On-road vehicle emissions are a major contributor to
elevated air pollution levels in populous metropolitan areas. We developed a
link-level emissions inventory of vehicular pollutants, called EMBEV-Link (Link-level Emission factor Model for the BEijing Vehicle fleet),
based on multiple datasets extracted from the extensive road traffic
monitoring network that covers the entire municipality of Beijing, China
(16 400 km2). We employed the EMBEV-Link model under various traffic
scenarios to capture the significant variability in vehicle emissions,
temporally and spatially, due to the real-world traffic dynamics and the
traffic restrictions implemented by the local government. The results
revealed high carbon monoxide (CO) and total hydrocarbon (THC) emissions in
the urban area (i.e., within the Fifth Ring Road) and during rush hours,
both associated with the passenger vehicle traffic. By contrast,
considerable fractions of nitrogen oxides (NOx), fine particulate
matter (PM2.5) and black carbon (BC) emissions were present beyond the
urban area, as heavy-duty trucks (HDTs) were not allowed to drive through
the urban area during daytime. The EMBEV-Link model indicates that nonlocal
HDTs could account for 29 % and 38 % of estimated total on-road emissions of
NOx and PM2.5, which were ignored in previous conventional
emission inventories. We further combined the EMBEV-Link emission inventory
and a computationally efficient dispersion model, RapidAir®,
to simulate vehicular NOx concentrations at fine resolutions (10 m × 10 m in the entire municipality and 1 m × 1 m in the
hotspots). The simulated results indicated a close agreement with ground
observations and captured sharp concentration gradients from line sources to
ambient areas. During the nighttime when the HDT traffic restrictions are
lifted, HDTs could be responsible for approximately 10 µg m−3 of
NOx in the urban area. The uncertainties of conventional top-down
allocation methods, which were widely used to enhance the spatial resolution
of vehicle emissions, are also discussed by comparison with the EMBEV-Link
emission inventory.
Nucleation-mode particle pool and large increases in Ncn and Nccn observed over the northwestern Pacific Ocean in the spring of 2014
Authors: Wang Juntao , Shen Yanjie , Li Kai , Gao Yang , Gao Huiwang , Yao Xiaohong
Published: July 2019

Abstract. Determination of the updated concentrations of atmospheric
particles (Ncn) and the concentrations of cloud condensation nuclei
(Nccn) over the northwestern Pacific Ocean (NWPO) are important to
accurately evaluate the influence of aerosol outflow from the Asian
continent on the climate by considering the rapid changes in emissions of
air pollutants therein. However, field observations in the last two decades
are scarce. We conducted a cruise campaign over the NWPO to simultaneously
measure Ncn, Nccn and the size distribution of aerosol particles
from day of year (DOY) 81 to DOY 108 of 2014. The mean values of Nccn
at supersaturation (SS) of levels 0.2 % and 0.4 % were 0.68±0.38×103 and 1.1±0.67×103 cm−3, respectively, with an average of 2.8±1.0×103 cm−3 for Ncn during the cruise over the NWPO.
All are approximately 1 order of magnitude larger than spring observations
made during the preceding two decades in the remote marine atmosphere. The
larger values, against the marine natural background reported in the
literature, imply an overwhelming contribution from continental inputs. The
calculated activity ratios (ARs) of the cloud condensation nuclei (CCN) were
0.30±0.11 and 0.46±0.19 at SS levels of 0.2 % and 0.4 %,
respectively, which are almost the same as those of upwind semi-urban sites.
High Nccn and CCN activities were observed from DOY 98 to DOY 102, when
the oceanic zone received even stronger continental input. Excluding biomass
burning (BB) and dust aerosols, good correlation between Nccn at
0.4 % SS and the number concentrations of > 60 nm particles
(N>60 nm) was obtained during the entire cruise period, with a
slope of 0.98 and R2=0.94, and the corresponding
effective hygroscopicity parameter (κ) was estimated to be 0.40. A
bimodal size distribution pattern of the particle number concentration was
generally observed during the entire campaign when the N>90 nm varied
largely. However, the N<30 nm, accounting for approximately
one-third of the total number concentration, varied narrowly, and two NPF
events associated with vertical transport were observed. This implies that a
pool of nucleation-mode atmospheric particles is aloft. BB and dust events
were observed over the NWPO, but their aerosol contributions to Ncn and
Nccn were minor (i.e., 10 % or less) on a monthly timescale.
The Vertical Variability of Black Carbon Observed in the Atmospheric Boundary Layer during DACCIWA
Authors: Altstädter Barbara , Deetz Konrad , Vogel Bernhard , Babić Karmen , Dione Cheikh , Pacifico Federica , Jambert Corinne , Ebus Friederike , Bärfuss Konrad , Pätzold Falk , Lampert Astrid , Adler Bianca , Kalthoff Norbert , Lohou Fabienne
Published: July 2019

Abstract. The vertical variability of the black carbon (BC) mass concentration in the atmospheric boundary layer (ABL) is analysed during the West-African Monsoon (WAM) season. BC was measured with a micro aethalometer (model AE51, AethLabs) integrated in the payload bay of the unmanned research aircraft ALADINA (Application of Light-weight Aircraft for Detecting IN situ Aerosol) as part of the field experiment of the DACCIWA (Dynamics-Aerosol-Chemistry-Cloud Interactions in West Africa) project. In total, 53 measurement flights were performed at the local airfield of Save, Benin, in the period of 2–16 July 2016. The mean results show a high variability of BC (1.79 to 2.42 ± 0.31 μg/m3) influenced by the stratification of the ABL during the WAM. The model COSMO-ART (Consortium for Small-scale Modelling–Aerosols and Reactive Trace gases) was applied for the field campaign period and used in order to investigate possible sources of the measured BC. The model output was compared with the BC data on two selected measurement days (14 and 15 July 2016). The modeled vertical profiles of BC show that the observed BC was already altered, as the size was mainly dominated by the accumulation mode. Further, the calculated vertical transects of wind speed and BC showed that the measured BC layer was transported from the south with maritime inflow, but was mixed vertically after to the onset of the nocturnal low-level jet (NLLJ) at the measurement site. The validations and the ground observations of gas concentrations NOx and CO confirm that primary emission could be excluded during the case study, in contrast to initially expected. The case underlines the important role of BC transport processes in the WAM area.
Estimation of liquid water path below the melting layer in stratiform precipitation systems using radar measurements during MC3E
Authors: Tian Jingjing , Dong Xiquan , Xi Baike , Williams Christopher R. , Wu Peng
Published: July 2019

Abstract. In this study, the liquid water path (LWP) below the melting layer in
stratiform precipitation systems is retrieved, which is a combination of
rain liquid water path (RLWP) and cloud liquid water path (CLWP). The
retrieval algorithm uses measurements from the vertically pointing radars
(VPRs) at 35 and 3 GHz operated by the US Department of Energy
Atmospheric Radiation Measurement (ARM) and National Oceanic and Atmospheric
Administration (NOAA) during the field campaign Midlatitude Continental
Convective Clouds Experiment (MC3E). The measured radar reflectivity and
mean Doppler velocity from both VPRs and spectrum width from the 35 GHz
radar are utilized. With the aid of the cloud base detected by a ceilometer,
the LWP in the liquid layer is retrieved under two different situations: (I) no cloud exists below the melting base, and (II) cloud exists below the
melting base. In (I), LWP is primarily contributed from raindrops only,
i.e., RLWP, which is estimated by analyzing the Doppler velocity differences
between two VPRs. In (II), cloud particles and raindrops coexist below the
melting base. The CLWP is estimated using a modified attenuation-based
algorithm. Two stratiform precipitation cases (20 and 11 May 2011)
during MC3E are illustrated for two situations, respectively. With a total
of 13 h of samples during MC3E, statistical results show that the
occurrence of cloud particles below the melting base is low (9 %);
however, the mean CLWP value can be up to 0.56 kg m−2, which is much
larger than the RLWP (0.10 kg m−2). When only raindrops exist below the
melting base, the average RLWP value is larger (0.32 kg m−2) than the with-cloud situation. The overall mean LWP below the melting base is 0.34 kg m−2 for stratiform systems during MC3E.
A novel approach for simple statistical analysis of high-resolution mass spectra
Authors: Zhang Yanjun , Peräkylä Otso , Yan Chao , Heikkinen Liine , Äijälä Mikko , Daellenbach Kaspar R. , Zha Qiaozhi , Riva Matthieu , Garmash Olga , Junninen Heikki , Paatero Pentti , Worsnop Douglas , Ehn Mikael
Published: July 2019

Abstract. Recent advancements in atmospheric mass spectrometry provide huge
amounts of new information but at the same time present considerable
challenges for the data analysts. High-resolution (HR) peak identification
and separation can be effort- and time-consuming yet still tricky and
inaccurate due to the complexity of overlapping peaks, especially at larger
mass-to-charge ratios. This study presents a simple and novel method, mass
spectral binning combined with positive matrix factorization (binPMF), to
address these problems. Different from unit mass resolution (UMR) analysis
or HR peak fitting, which represent the routine data analysis approaches for
mass spectrometry datasets, binPMF divides the mass spectra into small bins
and takes advantage of the positive matrix factorization's (PMF) strength in separating different sources or
processes based on different temporal patterns. In this study, we applied
the novel approach to both ambient and synthetic datasets to evaluate its
performance. It not only succeeded in separating overlapping ions but was
found to be sensitive to subtle variations as well. Being fast and reliable,
binPMF has no requirement for a priori peak information and can save much
time and effort from conventional HR peak fitting, while still utilizing
nearly the full potential of HR mass spectra. In addition, we identify
several future improvements and applications for binPMF and believe it will
become a powerful approach in the data analysis of mass spectra.
Optimization of a gas chromatographic unit for measuring BVOCs in ambient air
Authors: Mermet Kenneth , Sauvage Stéphane , Dusanter Sébastien , Salameh Thérèse , Léonardis Thierry , Flaud Pierre-M. , Perraudin Émilie , Villenave Éric , Locoge Nadine
Published: July 2019

Abstract. A new online gas chromatographic method dedicated to Biogenic Volatile Organic Compounds (BVOC) analysis was developed for the measurement of a 20 BVOC gaseous mixture (isoprene, β-pinene, α-pinene, limonene, trans-β-ocimene, myrcene, sabinene, Δ3-carene, camphene, 1,8 cineole, terpinolene, linalool, α-phellandrene, nopinone, citral, α-terpinene, β-caryophhyllene, p-cymene, γ-terpinene and 2-carene) at a time resolution of 90 minutes. The optimized method includes an online Peltier-cooled thermodesorption system sample trap made of Carbopack B coupled to a gas chromatographic system equipped with a 60 m, 0.25 mm i.d. BPX5 column. Eluent was analysed using a flame ionization detection (FID). Potassium iodide was identified as the best ozone scrubber for the 20 BVOC mixture. In order to obtain an accurate quantification of BVOC concentrations, the development of a reliable standard mixture was also required. Quantification of BVOCs was reported with a detection limit ranging from 4 ppt for α-pinene to 19 ppt for sabinene. The main source of uncertainty was the calibration step, stressing the need of certified gaseous standards for a wider panel of BVOCs. This new method was applied for the first time to measure BVOCs in a pine forest during the LANDEX-episode-1 field campaign (summer 2017). All targeted BVOCs were detected at least once along the campaign. The two major monoterpenes observed were β-pinene and α-pinene, representing on average 60 % of the measured terpenoïds, while isoprene represented only 17 %. Uncertainties determined were always below 13 % for the six major terpenes. Uncertainties may be larger for the other compounds especially for those presenting a mixing ratio close to the detection limit.
GUMICS-4 analysis of interplanetary coronal mass ejection impact on Earth during low and typical Mach number solar winds
Authors: Lakka Antti , Pulkkinen Tuija I. , Dimmock Andrew P. , Kilpua Emilia , Ala-Lahti Matti , Honkonen Ilja , Palmroth Minna , Raukunen Osku
Published: July 2019

Abstract. We study the response of the Earth's magnetosphere to fluctuating solar wind conditions during interplanetary coronal mass ejections (ICMEs) using the Grand Unified Magnetosphere-Ionosphere Coupling Simulation (GUMICS-4). The two ICME events occurred on 15–16 July 2012 and 29–30 April 2014. During the strong 2012 event, the solar wind upstream values reached up to 35 particles cm−3, speeds of up to 694 km s−1, and an interplanetary magnetic field of up to 22 nT, giving a Mach number of 2.3. The 2014 event was a moderate one, with the corresponding upstream values of 30 particles cm−3, 320 km s−1 and 10 nT, indicating a Mach number of 5.8. We examine how the Earth's space environment dynamics evolves during both ICME events from both global and local perspectives, using well-established empirical models and in situ measurements as references. We show that on the large scale, and during moderate driving, the GUMICS-4 results are in good agreement with the reference values. However, the local values, especially during high driving, show more variation: such extreme conditions do not reproduce local measurements made deep inside the magnetosphere. The same appeared to be true when the event was run with another global simulation. The cross-polar cap potential (CPCP) saturation is shown to depend on the Alfvén–Mach number of the upstream solar wind. However, care must be taken in interpreting these results, as the CPCP is also sensitive to the simulation resolution.
What drives the latitudinal gradient in open-ocean surface dissolved inorganic carbon concentration?
Authors: Wu Yingxu , Hain Mathis P. , Humphreys Matthew P. , Hartman Sue , Tyrrell Toby
Published: July 2019

Abstract. Previous work has not led to a clear understanding of the
causes of spatial pattern in global surface ocean dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC), which generally
increases polewards. Here, we revisit this question by investigating the
drivers of observed latitudinal gradients in surface salinity-normalized DIC
(nDIC) using the Global Ocean Data Analysis Project version 2 (GLODAPv2)
database. We used the database to test three different hypotheses for the
driver producing the observed increase in surface nDIC from low to high
latitudes. These are (1) sea surface temperature, through its effect on the
CO2 system equilibrium constants, (2) salinity-related total alkalinity
(TA), and (3) high-latitude upwelling of DIC- and TA-rich deep waters. We
find that temperature and upwelling are the two major drivers. TA effects
generally oppose the observed gradient, except where higher values are
introduced in upwelled waters. Temperature-driven effects explain the
majority of the surface nDIC latitudinal gradient (182 of the 223 µmol kg−1 increase from the tropics to the high-latitude Southern Ocean).
Upwelling, which has not previously been considered as a major driver,
additionally drives a substantial latitudinal gradient. Its immediate
impact, prior to any induced air–sea CO2 exchange, is to raise Southern
Ocean nDIC by 220 µmol kg−1 above the average low-latitude value.
However, this immediate effect is transitory. The long-term impact of
upwelling (brought about by increasing TA), which would persist even if gas
exchange were to return the surface ocean to the same CO2 as without
upwelling, is to increase nDIC by 74 µmol kg−1 above the low-latitude average.
Collection of large benthic invertebrates in sediment traps in the Amundsen Sea, Antarctica
Authors: Kim Minkyoung , Yang Eun Jin , Kim Hyung Jeek , Kim Dongseon , Kim Tae-Wan , La Hyoung Sul , Lee SangHoon , Hwang Jeomshik
Published: July 2019

Abstract. To study sinking particle sources and dynamics, sediment
traps were deployed at three sites in the Amundsen Sea for 1 year from
February–March 2012 and at one site from February 2016 to February 2018.
Unexpectedly, large benthic invertebrates were found in three sediment traps
deployed 130–567 m above the sea floor. The organisms included long and
slender worms, a sea urchin, and juvenile scallops of varying sizes. This is
the first reported collection of these benthic invertebrates in sediment
traps. The collection of these organisms, predominantly during the austral
winter, and their intact bodies suggests they were trapped in anchor ice,
incorporated into the overlying sea ice, and subsequently transported by ice
rafting. The observations imply that anchor ice forms episodically in the
Amundsen Sea and has biological impacts on benthic ecosystems. An
alternative hypothesis that these organisms spend their juvenile period
underneath the sea ice and subsequently sink to the seafloor is also
suggested.
Dissolved organic matter at the fluvial–marine transition in the Laptev Sea using in situ data and ocean colour remote sensing
Authors: Juhls Bennet , Overduin Pier Paul , Hölemann Jens , Hieronymi Martin , Matsuoka Atsushi , Heim Birgit , Fischer Jürgen
Published: July 2019

Abstract. River water is the main source of dissolved organic
carbon (DOC) in the Arctic Ocean. DOC plays an important role in the Arctic
carbon cycle, and its export from land to sea is expected to increase as
ongoing climate change accelerates permafrost thaw. However, transport
pathways and transformation of DOC in the land-to-ocean transition are
mostly unknown. We collected DOC and aCDOM(λ) samples
from 11 expeditions to river, coastal and offshore waters and present a new
DOC–aCDOM(λ) model for the fluvial–marine transition zone in
the Laptev Sea. The aCDOM(λ) characteristics revealed that the
dissolved organic matter (DOM) in samples of this dataset are primarily of
terrigenous origin. Observed changes in aCDOM(443) and its spectral
slopes indicate that DOM is modified by microbial and photo-degradation.
Ocean colour remote sensing (OCRS) provides the absorption coefficient of
coloured dissolved organic matter (aCDOM(λ)sat) at λ=440 or 443 nm, which can be used to estimate DOC concentration at high
temporal and spatial resolution over large regions. We tested the
statistical performance of five OCRS algorithms and evaluated the
plausibility of the spatial distribution of derived aCDOM(λ)sat. The OLCI
(Sentinel-3 Ocean and Land Colour Instrument) neural network swarm (ONNS) algorithm showed the best performance compared to in
situ aCDOM(440) (r2=0.72). Additionally, we found
ONNS-derived aCDOM(440), in contrast to other algorithms, to be partly
independent of sediment concentration, making ONNS the most suitable
aCDOM(λ)sat algorithm for the Laptev Sea region. The
DOC–aCDOM(λ) model was applied to ONNS-derived
aCDOM(440), and retrieved DOC concentration maps showed moderate
agreement to in situ data (r2=0.53). The in situ and
satellite-retrieved data were offset by up to several days, which may partly
explain the weak correlation for this dynamic region. Satellite-derived
surface water DOC concentration maps from Medium Resolution
Imaging Spectrometer (MERIS) satellite data demonstrate
rapid removal of DOC within short time periods in coastal waters of the
Laptev Sea, which is likely caused by physical mixing and different types of
degradation processes. Using samples from all occurring water types leads to
a more robust DOC–aCDOM(λ) model for the retrievals of DOC in
Arctic shelf and river waters.
r.sim.terrain 1.0: a landscape evolution model with dynamic hydrology
Authors: Harmon Brendan Alexander , Mitasova Helena , Petrasova Anna , Petras Vaclav
Published: July 2019

Abstract. While there are numerical landscape evolution models
that simulate how steady-state flows of water and sediment
reshape topography over long periods of time,
r.sim.terrain is the first to
simulate short-term topographic change
for both steady-state and dynamic flow regimes
across a range of spatial scales.
This free and open-source
Geographic Information Systems (GIS)-based topographic evolution model
uses empirical models for soil erosion
and a physics-based model
for shallow overland water flow and soil erosion
to compute short-term topographic change.
This model uses either a steady-state
or unsteady representation of overland flow
to simulate how overland sediment mass flows reshape topography
for a range of hydrologic soil erosion regimes
based on topographic, land cover, soil, and rainfall parameters.
As demonstrated by a case study
for the Patterson Branch subwatershed
on the Fort Bragg military installation in North Carolina,
r.sim.terrain simulates the development of
fine-scale morphological features including
ephemeral gullies, rills, and hillslopes.
Applications include land management, erosion control,
landscape planning, and landscape restoration.
Development of a novel flapping wing micro aerial vehicle with elliptical wingtip trajectory
Authors: Liu Qiang , Li Qiang , Zhou Xiaoqin , Xu Pengzi , Ren Luquan , Pan Shengli
Published: July 2019

Abstract. This paper describes a novel flapping wing micro air vehicle (FWMAV),which can achieve two active degree of freedom (DOF) movements of flapping and swing, as well as twisting passively. This aircraft has a special “0” figure wingtip motion trajectory with the 140∘ flapping stroke angle. With these characteristics integrated into the simple flapping mechanism, the aerodynamic force is somewhat improved. The model made a balance between the improved aerodynamic performance induced by complicated movements and the increased weight of the extra components in aircraft. In the driven design, Only one micro-motor is employed to drive the wing flapping and swing motion simultaneously forming the prescribed trajectory. The 23 g aircraft could reach the maximum flapping frequency of 11 Hz with the tip-to-tip wingspan of 29 cm.
From rapid visual survey to multi-hazard risk prioritisation and numerical fragility of school buildings
Authors: Gentile Roberto , Galasso Carmine , Idris Yunita , Rusydy Ibnu , Meilianda Ella
Published: July 2019

Abstract. Regional seismic risk assessment is paramount in
earthquake-prone areas, for instance, to define and implement prioritisation
schemes for earthquake risk reduction. As part of the Indonesia School Programme to Increase Resilience (INSPIRE), this paper
proposes an ad hoc rapid-visual-survey form, allowing one to (1) calculate the
newly proposed INSPIRE seismic risk prioritisation index, which is an
empirical proxy for the relative seismic risk of reinforced concrete (RC)
buildings within a given building portfolio; (2) calculate the Papathoma
Tsunami Vulnerability Assessment (PTVA) index, in any of its variations; (3) define one or more archetype buildings representative of the analysed
portfolio; (4) derive detailed numerical models of the archetype buildings,
provided that the simulated design is used to cross-check the model assumptions.
The proposed INSPIRE index combines a baseline score, calibrated based on
fragility curves, and a performance modifier, calibrated through the
analytic hierarchy process (AHP) to minimise subjectivity. An attempt to
define a multi-hazard prioritisation scheme is proposed, combining the
INSPIRE and PTVA indices. Such a multi-level framework is implemented for 85
RC school buildings in Banda Aceh, Indonesia, the most affected city by
the 2004 Indian Ocean earthquake–tsunami sequence. As part of the proposed
framework, two archetype buildings representative of the entire portfolio
are defined based on the collected data. Their seismic performance is
analysed by means of non-linear static analyses, using both the analytical
simple lateral mechanism analysis (SLaMA) method and numerical finite-element pushover analyses to investigate the expected plastic mechanisms and
derive displacement/drift thresholds to define appropriate damage states.
Finally, non-linear dynamic analyses are performed to derive fragility
curves for the archetype buildings. This paper demonstrates the
effectiveness of the INSPIRE data collection form and proposed index in
providing a rational method to derive seismic risk prioritisation schemes
and in allowing the definition of archetype buildings for more detailed
evaluations/analyses.
Simultaneous state–parameter estimation of rainfall-induced landslide displacement using data assimilation
Authors: Wang Jing , Nie Guigen , Gao Shengjun , Xue Changhu
Published: July 2019

Abstract. Landslide displacement prediction has great practical engineering
significance to landslide stability evaluation and early warning. The
evolution of landslide is a complex dynamic process, and applying a classical
prediction method will result in significant error. The data assimilation method
offers a new way to merge multisource data with the model. However, data
assimilation is still deficient in the ability to meet the demand of dynamic
landslide systems. In this paper, simultaneous state and parameter
estimation (SSPE) using particle-filter-based data assimilation is applied
to predict displacement of the landslide. A landslide SSPE assimilation
strategy can make use of time-series displacements and hydrological
information for the joint estimation of landslide displacement and model
parameters, which can improve the performance considerably. We select Xishan Village, Sichuan Province, China, as the experiment site to test the SSPE
assimilation strategy. Based on the comparison of actual monitoring data
with prediction values, results strongly suggest the effectiveness and
feasibility of the SSPE assimilation strategy in short-term landslide
displacement estimation.
Spatio-temporal variations in High-Salinity Shelf Water production in Terra Nova Bay polynya, Antarctica
Authors: Yoon Seung-Tae , Lee Won Sang , Stevens Craig , Jendersie Stefan , Nam SungHyun , Yun Sukyoung , Hwang Chung Yeon , Jang Gwang Il , Lee Jiyeon
Published: July 2019

Abstract. The formation of High-Salinity Shelf Water (HSSW), which is the major source of Antarctic bottom water (AABW), has been observed in Terra Nova Bay (TNB) in Antarctica. We believe a description of the spatio-temporal variation of salinity in TNB would help understand the production of HSSW in the region. Hence, the aim of this study is to investigate salinity variations in the Drygalski Basin (DB) and eastern TNB close to Crary Bank of the Ross Sea. For this, we use the moored and profiled hydrographic data, as well as available wind and sea-ice products. We found that deep-ocean salinity in the eastern TNB (~ 660 m) and DB (~ 1200 m) increases each year starting in September, and large amounts of salinity increase (> 0.04) were observed in 2016 and 2017. According to the velocity data observed at the same depths, the increases in salinity from September were due to the advection of HSSW from the coastal region of the Nansen ice shelf (NIS). The significant increases in salinity are related to the formation of active HSSW, evidence of which can be found from the HSSW properties obtained in February 2017 and March 2018. In addition, we show that HSSW can locally formed in the upper layer (
Experiencias de bibliotecólogos que laboran en bibliotecas universitarias en los procesos editoriales de revistas académicas mexicanas
Authors: Guerra González Jenny Teresita
Published: July 2019

Objetivo: Analizar la incursión de bibliotecólogos y bibliotecarios en los procesos editoriales de revistas académicas en México.Método: Se aplicó una encuesta a una muestra aleatoria estratificada de bibliotecólogos y bibliotecarios que afirmaron trabajar o haber trabajado en los procesos de edición de revistas académicas nacionales para obtener información concerniente a: 1.) los aspectos de formación profesional y práctica laboral de estos profesionales que le permiten llevar a cabo tareas editoriales en revistas académicas; 2.) las tareas en que se han desempeñado dentro del proceso editorial y de gestión de esas publicaciones y 3.) la presencia de esos profesionales en los equipos editoriales de revistas académicas mexicanas actualmente.Resultados: Fueron contestadas 8 encuestas por 8 bibliotecarios de 4 Instituciones de Educación Superior del país, obteniéndose que: la tarea del proceso editorial de las revistas académicas que mayormente hacen los encuestados es la revisión preliminar del material enviado; la biblioteca ha fomentado la participación de los bibliotecarios en los procesos editoriales de las revistas en más del 50% de los casos y entre los aspectos de formación profesional que les facultan para realizar tareas editoriales en revistas académicas, los bibliotecarios refieren algunos cursos de licenciatura y el desarrollo de competencias tecnológicas.Conclusiones: la incursión de bibliotecólogos y bibliotecarios en los procesos editoriales de revistas académicas en México es particularmente escasa aunque estos profesionales consideran que deben integrarse a esas labores por sus conocimientos en la estandarización de la información.
Inequality in Higher Education in Greece: Through an Era of Crisis
Authors: Nikolaou Souzanna-Maria , Papa Monika , Papa Gloria- Vasiliki
Published: July 2019

The present study explores factors and conditions that make the process of learning difficult and at times problematic for students in the University, through a period of crisis. The survey was conducted at the Department of Primary Education of the University of Ioannina.  First-semester students were given a questionnaire, in order to explore their views concerning the factors that inhibit learning in the University. To collect the survey data, an anonymous questionnaire was used that included 44 open and closed-ended questions. There are six sections on the reasons concerning the difficulty of learning: A. Personal Issues B. Multiplicity of Roles C. Issues of Conditions and Learning Environment D. Issues related to the lessons and the classroom. E. Issues relating to teachers F. Quality of teaching and Frequency of attendance. The findings of the survey showed important evidence regarding the conditions that impede students' learning and attendance, highlighting important issues as: learning environment, classrooms, distance from/to the University, and the financial poverty of the students themselves which affects their daily routine. It is primarily noted that at the time of the crisis we are facing the under-funding of HEIs and this has caused problems. Therefore, the underprivileged and full of disadvantages area of the universities implies poor academic preparation, but also an "unfamiliar" and inappropriate environment of the Institution, which is unable to respond effectively to the needs of students, who are already under financial pressure from their families. These conditions may lead to the well-known situation of students who are "lingering" and probably never acquire their degree, as has been proved by other researchers (The Widening Gap in Higher Education, 1996).
Applying an Electronic Health Records Data Quality Framework Across Service
Sectors: A Case Study of Juvenile Justice System Data
Authors: Aalsma Matthew C. , Schwartz Katherine , Haight Konrad A. , Jarjoura G. Roger , Dir Allyson L.
Published: July 2019

Context: Integrating electronic health records (EHR) with other sources of
administrative data is key to identifying factors affecting the long-term health of
traditionally underserved populations, such as individuals involved in the justice
system. Linking existing administrative data from multiple sources overcomes many of the
limitations of traditional prospective studies of population health, but the linking
process assumes high levels of data quality and consistency within administrative data.
Studies of EHR, unlike other types of administrative data, have provided guidance to
evaluate the utility of big data for population health research.Case Description: Here,
an established EHR data quality framework was applied to identify and describe the
potential shortcomings of administrative juvenile justice system data collected by one
of four case management systems (CMSs) across 12 counties in a Midwest state. The CMS
data were reviewed for logical inconsistencies and compared along the data quality
dimensions of plausibility and completeness.Major Themes: After applying the data
quality framework, several patterns of logical inconsistencies within the data were
identified. To resolve these inconsistencies, recommendations regarding data entry,
review, and extraction are offered.Conclusion: The recommendations related to achieving
quality justice system data can be applied to future efforts to link administrative
databases from multiple sources. Increasing trust in administrative data quality related
to vulnerable populations ultimately improves knowledge of pressing public health
concerns.