bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
MtDNA Analysis Indicates Human-Induced Temporal Changes of Serbian Honey Bees Diversity
Authors: Tanasković Marija , Erić Pavle , Patenković Aleksandra , Erić Katarina , Mihajlović Milica , Tanasić Vanja , Stanisavljević Ljubiša , Davidović Slobodan
Published: August 2021

Local populations of Apis mellifera are rapidly changing by modern beekeeping through the introduction of nonnative queens, selection and migratory beekeeping. To assess the genetic diversity of contemporary managed honey bees in Serbia, we sequenced mitochondrial tRNAleu-cox2 intergenic region of 241 worker bees from 46 apiaries at eight localities. Nine haplotypes were observed in our samples, with C2d being the most common and widespread. To evaluate genetic diversity patterns, we compared our data with 1696 sequences from the NCBI GenBank from neighbouring countries and Serbia. All 32 detected haplotypes belonged to the Southeast Europe lineage C, with two newly described haplotypes from our sample. The most frequent haplotype was C2d, followed by C2c and C1a. To distinguish A. m. carnica from A. m. macedonica, both previously reported in Serbia, PCR-RFLP analysis on the COI gene segment of mtDNA was used, and the result showed only the presence of A.m. carnica subspecies. An MDS plot constructed on pairwise FST values showed significant geographical stratification. Our samples are grouped together, but distant from the Serbian dataset from the GenBank. This, with the absence of A. m. macedonica subspecies from its historic range of distribution in southern Serbia, indicates that honey bee populations are changing rapidly due to the anthropogenic influence.
Promoting physical activity with self-management support for those with multimorbidity: a randomised controlled trial
Authors: Khunti Kamlesh , Highton Patrick J , Waheed Ghazala , Dallosso Helen , Redman Emma , Batt Mark E , Davies Melanie J , Gray Laura J , Herring Louisa Y , Mani Hamidreza , Rowlands Alex , Yates Tom
Published: August 2021

Background

Targeted self-management programmes may improve health and increase physical activity (PA) in people with multimorbidity.

Aim

To investigate the impact of a structured, theoretically driven, self-management group education programme on habitual PA levels in people with multimorbidity.

Design and setting

Individually randomised controlled trial with 12-month follow-up, involving nine primary care practices in Leicestershire, UK.

Method

In total, 353 adults with multimorbidity (age 67.8 years [±9 years], 161 male sex) were randomised to intervention (n= 180) or control (n= 173) groups. Intervention participants were invited to attend four group-based self-management sessions, centred primarily on increasing PA, and received motivational text-message support. The primary outcome measure was change in overall volume (time and intensity) of daily PA at 12 months, as measured by the GENEActiv wrist-worn accelerometer device.

Results

At baseline, the total sample achieved 22 min of moderate–vigorous intensity PA per day (mean/participant). At 12 months, in the complete-case analysis, a reduction in daily mean PA volume was seen in the intervention group relative to control (−0.80 milligravity [mg]; 95% confidence interval [CI] = −1.57 to −0.03;P= 0.04). Reductions were also seen in the intervention group in time spent in moderate–vigorous PA (−3.86 min per day; 95% CI= −6.70 to −1.03;P= 0.008) and time spent at an intensity equivalent to a slow walk (−4.66 min per day; 95% CI = −8.82 to −0.51;P= 0.028). However, the per-protocol analysis (excluding participants who did not attend at least one education session) found no between-group differences in overall daily PA at 12 months (−0.65 mg; 95% CI = −1.46 to 0.15;P= 0.11).

Conclusion

The self-management programme elicited a slight reduction in PA levels in people with multimorbidity. Future research should identify and target subgroups of those with multimorbidity in greatest need of PA promotion in order to maximise potential capacity for benefit, and also focus on refining the intervention in order to increase efficacy in increasing PA.
Computer & Network Equipment Management System (CNEMAS) Application Measurement
Authors:   Information System Department, Universitas Komputer Indonesia, Jl.Dipatiukur No:112 -116,Bandung, Indonesia, Pangaribuan Imelda , Rahman A ,   Information System Department, Universitas Komputer Indonesia, Jl.Dipatiukur No:112 -116,Bandung, Indonesia, Mauluddin S ,   Information System Department, Universitas Komputer Indonesia, Jl.Dipatiukur No:112 -116,Bandung, Indonesia
Published: August 2021

PT. ABC is one of the state-owned enterprises in Indonesia. PT. ABC has policy to give some equipment for employees to rent. Application use to control all equipment that rent by employee named as CNEMAS (Computer & Network Equipment Management System Nasional). There are some problems faced by PT. ABC in using CNEMAS, such as accuracy and its roles at PT. ABC business process. Objective of this research is to measure maturity of CNEMAS. Method used in this research are structured approach method as analysis method and Information Technology Assurance Framework (ITAF) used as measurement method. Tools such as Flowcharts, Context Diagram and Data Flow Diagram used to describe the process in CNEMAS. The result of this research are gap found at AC2 (awareness and Communication Component) where the gap is 0.71. The conclusion is CNEMAS needs improvement in accuracy, equipment location, on time report production, and consistency
An Information Sharing System for Multi-Professional Collaboration in the community-based integrated healthcare system
Authors:   Japan Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, 1 Chome-1 Asahidai, Nomi, Ishikawa 923-1211, Jepang, Kanai Hideaki , Kumazawa Akinori ,   Japan Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, 1 Chome-1 Asahidai, Nomi, Ishikawa 923-1211, Jepang
Published: August 2021

Currently, Japan is rapidly aging. Japanese government agencies report that the percentage of elderly people whose ages are at least 65 years will increase by up to about 30 percent in 2025. As one of the measures towards this situation, the community-based integrated healthcare system will be introduced in Japan. The system aims to provide elderly people living at home with appropriate health, medical, and welfare services. We focus on the burden of sharing information on the situation of the elderly at home among health, medical, welfare staffs, and neighbors. We have been developing a supporting system for sharing information on the situation of the elderly at home and conducted a field test around one year. We consider that various stakeholders involved in the community comprehensive health care system could recognize the importance of information sharing and collaboration with them through this kind of social implementation
Concrete Mix Design Using Particle Packing Method: Literature Review, Analysis, and Computation
Authors:   Rajarambapu Institute of Technology, India, Sunil Tolmatti Shreya , Jaywant Jadhav Sanskruti ,   Rajarambapu Institute of Technology, India, Satish Jadhav Sakshi ,   Rajarambapu Institute of Technology, India, M. Maske Mayur ,   Rajarambapu Institute of Technology, India
Published: August 2021

Particle packing technology is used to reduce the amount of cement in concrete by optimizing the concrete mix, resulting in more sustainable concrete. In this study, four different methods were used to determine the distribution of the mixture presented; packing density method, packing density method, IS code method, and packing density method. In the packing density method, the paste content that exceeds the voids will increase along with the increase in the quality of the concrete. In cases of packing density, the cement-water ratio decreases with the quality of the concrete. In the packing of too many trials, trials and tribulations should be carried out to achieve the ratio of water-cement and paste content for a certain grade of concrete. This correlation curve helps reduce the experiments involved in determining the ratio of semen and paste content for a given concrete quality. The water and cement contents for the packing density and the IS code method are almost the same for each particular concrete class. The workability of concrete achieved was more in the packing density method than the IS code method for the same concrete quality, because the water-cement ratio was slightly higher in the packing density method than the IS code method. The required fine aggregate particles are more in terms of packing density method compared to the IS code method. Therefore, more water and cement are required in terms of packing density. The correlation curve can be used to determine the ratio of water-cement and paste the content that exceeds the voids for a certain concrete quality
Utilization of Internet of Things on Food Supply Chains in Food Industry
Authors:   Japan Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Maulana Hanhan , Lorena Br Ginting Selvia ,   Center for Artificial Intelligence Technology, Universitas Kebangsaan Malaysia, Malaysia, Aryan Pramanda ,   Departemen Sistem Informasi, Universitas Komputer Indonesia, Indonesia, Restu Fadillah Muhamad ,   Departemen Sistem Informasi, Universitas Komputer Indonesia, Indonesia, Nurajmi Kamal Rubi ,   Departemen Sistem Informasi, Universitas Komputer Indonesia, Indonesia
Published: August 2021

This study aims to analyze the use of the Internet of Things (IoT) in supporting the management of food supply chains (FSCs) in the food industry. This research used qualitative research methods. The results obtained from this study are increasing the effectiveness and efficiency of the existing food supply chain in the food industry by applying the IoT concept to food supply chain management. These results can be obtained because the IoT concept is supported by various systems and technologies that can be implemented and developed so that IoT can help identify and deal with existing problems more quickly while being able to assist in the decision-making process with information obtained through IoT technology so that it will support development food supply chain management in the food industry. This study was conducted to see how much influence the internet of things (IoT) has on food supply chain management in the food industry.
Reading Architectural Modernization through Novel Characters: Kiralık Konak by Yakup Kadri Karaosmanoğlu
Authors: TUNA ULTAV Zeynep , GÜLER Gizem
Published: August 2021

Architecture benefits from different disciplines and the interdisciplinary impact of architecture is a field that gets stronger over time. It intertwines with a wide range of disciplines, such as engineering, sociology, philosophy, and literature, that expand architecture’s own meaning. Language is a resource for disciplines to establish a relationship. Literary texts, which provide information about human-space relations, daily life, social themes, and problems, can be analysed through language to improve the scope and content of architecture. This study reads the constructed literary spaces that reflect social issues and changes through one kind of literary text, the novel, to interpret the changing effects of space with social issues on different characters. Specifically, it considers 19th-century social issues, such as social conflict and alienation due to modernism, on space and characters in Yakup Kadri Karaosmanoğlu’s first novel, Kiralık Konak (Mansion for Rent), 1922. This paper presents the different physical and sensory experiences of the novel’s characters through the concept of space by making an architectural reading of literary text writing. This analysis makes it possible to deduce that architecture and literature inspire and influence each other. In addition, it is possible to discuss constructed literary space from a different perspective through this study, supposing the necessity of benefiting from the literature in architectural research. Thus, the relationship between architecture and literature is examined through the concept of spatiality in the novel to reveal perceptions as well as experiences of different characters.
Reflexiones teórico-metodológicas (y políticas) sobre una investigación etnográfica en un Centro Socioeducativo de Régimen Cerrado
Authors: Gómez María Eugenia
Published: August 2021

El presente artículo se enmarca en una investigación etnográfica iniciada a fines del año 2015 (y en curso) realizada en un Centro Socioeducativo de Régimen Cerrado, ubicado en la Ciudad de Buenos Aires. En estas instituciones se encuentran detenidos jóvenes menores de edad, por ser considerados por la justicia “infractores o presuntos infractores” de la ley penal vigente. En ella abordo, centralmente, cómo se configuran las prácticas cotidianas educativas y los sentidos particulares que allí estructuran a “la educación”. En este escrito abordaré algunas reflexiones de orden teórico-metodológicas relacionadas con las características particulares que imprimió al proceso de construcción de conocimiento, mi inserción laboral -como docente y operadora socioeducativa- en el mismo campo institucional en el cual desarrollo mi práctica etnográfica. Al mismo tiempo, me referiré a cómo el abordaje de estos aspectos metodológicos se encuentran profundamente entrelazados y permiten abordar procesos sociohistóricos de nuestro pasado reciente.
I PROJETO DE PLANTIO DE FRUTÍFERAS NATIVAS NO CAMPUS DA FHO
Authors: Camargo Maristela Hefliger , de Camargo Diogenes Rafael , Raymundo Junior Olavo , Henz Sabrina Ferreira , Penteado Natália de Souza , Garcia Gustavo Saravali , de Andrade Jean Carlos Modesto , Camargo Andressa Cristina Ricardo , Camargo Matheus Müller , Rocha Lucas Pereira
Published: August 2021

O “I Projeto Frutíferas no campus” foi realizado no Campus Duse Rüegger Ometto do Centro Universitário da Fundação Hermínio Ometto-FHO, em parceria com o Projeto de Extensão em Produção de Mudas Nativas, Permacultura e Educação Ambiental Crítica: "Ecomudas". O Projeto está alinhado ao reposicionamento da Instituição em direção à Sustentabilidade (http://www.uniararas.br/reposicionamento/), tendo em vista o bem-estar, o cuidado com a comunidade interna e externa, bem como a conscientização e o envolvimento das pessoas na solução dos problemas sociais e ambientais. Neste contexto, os objetivos do Projeto foram: I) realizar plantio de espécies arbóreas nativas e frutíferas, a fim de atrair animais da região; II) Atrair polinizadores, sobretudo abelhas; III) Promover Educação Ambiental; IV) Disponibilizar à comunidade interna e externa, frutos orgânicos. Durante os meses de março a novembro do ano de 2019, os integrantes do referido Projeto de extensão realizaram pesquisas e coletas para a preparação do evento, bem como a elaboração de calendários fenológicos de floração e frutificação garantindo flores e frutos ao longo do ano e preparo de solo. Acerca da seleção das áreas de plantio, foi considerado o tipo de solo, clima e umidade local, tendo em vista que o campus corresponde a uma região de ecótono entre os biomas Cerrados e Mata Atlântica. Com a demarcação das cinco áreas destinadas ao plantio, foram coletadas amostras de solo para análise físico-química e granulométrica, que influenciaram diretamente na adubação, a qual foi calculada conforme a deficiência de cada área. O plantio ocorreu em 20 de novembro de 2019, contando com 260 mudas, de 47 espécies, em sua grande maioria nativas, como por exemplo, Cambuci (Campomanesia phaea), Graviola (Annona muricata), Pitanga (Eugenia uniflora L.), coordenado pelos participantes do Projeto “Ecomudas” e demais alunos do curso de graduação em Ciências Biológicas, bem como professores e a equipe gestora do Centro Universitário da Fundação Hermínio Ometto-FHO. O principal resultado obtido até o momento, sobretudo devido aos cuidados prévios com o solo e seleção rigorosa das mudas, foi a alta taxa de sobrevivência das espécies plantadas.
Drones in visual diagnostics of defects in railway rails
Authors: Lesiak Piotr
Published: August 2021

The paper discusses the possibilities of the use of drones in the visual diagnostics of the railway track. Examples of extensive defects in the railhead are shown, along with methods of image processing and analysis. Pros and cons of such a research were presented. Suggested directions for their implementation at PKP PLK S.A. were presented. Keywords: Drones; Railway rails; Vision research; Safety
How to protect data in the face of remote operation?
Authors: Wach Marlena
Published: August 2021

The current epidemiological situation has a stigma on entrepreneurs, posing challenges related to maintaining business continuity. In previous articles on the protection of personal data, we focused, among others on the reduction of biological exposure of employees or the protection of personal data as part of the collection of medical data of employees and customers / potential customers of enterprises by entrepreneurs. However, these aspects focus on situations where the presence of employees in workplaces is essential. So what is the data protection situation for entities in which it is possible to transfer all or some part of their activities to remote mode and what rules should be followed? Keywords: Remote operation mode; Epidemic; Undertaking
Will there be a renaissance in rail transport after 2021?
Authors: Zielaskiewicz Henryk , Ciszak Przemyslaw
Published: August 2021

As year 2021 was announced the year of rail transport, by the decision made by the EU Council and Parliament on 23rd December 2020, the authors of this article present the history of railway development in Europe and in Poland. The directions of changes in transport policy in the last years of previous century and the early years of this century were not positive for the development of railway. Thou, there is an opportunity for this branch of transport to experience a renaissance. In the article some trends of current changes are shown. A year to year increase in traffic congestions as well as the awareness to protect the natural environment cause that this branch of transport has good perspectives of development. The use of modern technology in rolling stock and in passenger transport infrastructure contribute to the increase of speed, reliability and comfort of travelling and what is more regaining the clients. To minimize the negative influence of transport on environment it is crucial to develop cargo transport. Keywords: Railway transport; Train; Railway development
Accessibility of bus stops - a problem with platform width
Authors: Rymsza Barbara , Kasperczak Krzysztof
Published: August 2021

The article is devoted to the problem of accessibility of bus stop platforms for the disabled. The author analyzes the current legal status - the applicable regulations regarding the minimum length, width and height of the platform, as well as the implementation practices which they compare with the needs of people in wheelchairs and scooters. They demonstrate and justifi es the need to make corrections to the above mentioned legal provisions or interpretations - making platforms in the proposed variant. Keywords: Roads; Bus-stops; Disabled
A Decolonial Perspective on Boko Haram’s Campaign of
Terror, Sources of Funding, Mobilisation Strategies and
Major Attacks since 2009
Authors: Rapanyane Makhura Benjamin , Sethole Florence Ramasela
Published: August 2021

In the West African region, one conflict that has ravaged the nations since 2009 is the Boko Haram Insurgency which is located in Nigeria. This Islamist group is indisputably the most dangerous group confronting Nigeria today with their violent activities ranging from political and socio-economic to security and governance aspects. Boko Haram has managed to wipe out thousands of Nigerians since its inception in 2009, with an attempt to take power from the legitimate government of Nigeria. Boko Haram’s ethnic, religious, and regional fault-lines do not only impact Nigeria but people beyond the borders of Nigeria. A quick review of the current ongoing scholarly debate on the activities of Boko Haram reveals that scholars have not paid much attention to the group’s funding, recruitment, and major attacks in combination for better apprehension when reading. In cases where such has been analysed, it has been individually analysed and most of these studies are five-ten years old. Hence, such information needs an update to remain relevant in cases where they are still poised to be relevant. Therefore, this article’s central objective is to analyse the three identified themes using a decolonial perspective. It argues that Boko Haram’s ongoing campaign of terror is inextricably linked to the funding it continues to receive and strong recruitment tactics
Arquitectura de la violencia: seguridad patrimonial, insociabilidad urbana y gentrificación
Authors:   Universidade Federal Fluminense, Taddei Ferraz Sonia , Lyra Acioly Leticia ,   Universidade Federal Fluminense, Ramos Correa Carvalho de Mendonça Paula ,   Universidade Federal Fluminense
Published: August 2021

Las relaciones socioespaciales urbanas han sido alteradas por intensos procesos de circularidad con base en estrategias de protección y seguridad, intensificadas por movimientos de criminalización, exclusión y anulación del “otro”, que expresan el desprecio al derecho colectivo de los espacios públicos. La seguridad contra la delincuencia fracciona a los espacios públicos y, al mismo tiempo, se opone al uso democrático de la ciudad porque priva de su plena accesibilidad al resto de los ciudadanos. El rediseño urbano también fue impulsado por la política pública que expulsó a los mendigos y a quienes no tienen hogar de las principales avenidas de Río de Janeiro, para reterritorializarlos fuera de las áreas residenciales, provocando un proceso de gentrificación y aumento del valor del suelo urbano.
Powerful high-orbit gyro-TWT
Authors: Kolosov S. V. , Shatilova O. O.
Published: August 2021

This paper presents the results of a search for the optimal design of a high-orbit gyro-TWT, which would make it possible to reduce the magnetostatic field when operating at high frequencies close to the millimeter wavelength range, increase the gain and gain bandwidth, and increase the efficiency of the gyro-TWT. To search for the optimal configuration of the high-orbit gyro-TWT, the Gyro-K program was used, in which the equations for the excitation of an irregular waveguide by an electron beam are constructed on the basis of the coordinate transformation method of A.G. Sveshnikov, which is based on replacing the problem of exciting an irregular waveguide with the problem of exciting a regular waveguide with a unit radius. This method allows one to search for the solution of wave equations in the form of expansions in terms of the system of basis functions of a regular cylindrical waveguide. To solve Maxwell's equations, the Galerkin method was used, which is also called the orthogonalization method. The coefficients of the expansion of the field in terms of eigenbasic functions are determined in this method from the condition of the orthogonality of the residuals of the equations for the eigenbasis functions of a regular waveguide. The boundary conditions at the open ends of the waveguide are determined for each mode of the regular waveguide separately, which eliminates the incorrectness of setting the boundary conditions for the full field, as is the case when using the “picˮ technology. As a result, we obtain a system of ordinary differential equations for the expansion coefficients, which now depend only on the longitudinal coordinate. This approach makes it possible to transform the threedimensional problem of excitation of an irregular waveguide into a one-dimensional problem. Ohmic losses in the walls of the waveguide are taken into account on the basis of the Shchukin – Leontovich boundary conditions. For a self-consistent solution of the problem of excitation of an irregular waveguide by an electron beam, the iterative method of sequential lower relaxation was used. An optimized version of a high-orbit gyroTWT has been obtained, which has an electronic efficiency of 28 %, a wave efficiency of 23 %, a gain of 34 dB and a gain band of 11 % at an operating frequency of more than 30 GHz. This was achieved by introducing an additional conducting section of the waveguide into the absorbing part of the waveguide, which led to an improvement in the azimuthal grouping of electrons in the Larmor orbit and, as a consequence, to an increase in the lamp efficiency. A twofold increase in the waveguide length made it possible to increase the lamp gain. Ohmic energy losses in the walls of the waveguide reach 5 % of the power of the electron beam. The implementation of such a powerful gyro-TWT (2 MW) in the millimeter wavelength range will significantly increase the capabilities of radar at long distances and increase the resolution of the radar.
Method for synthesis of matching devices for broadband radio engineering systems with unstable load impedance based on the method of real frequencies
Authors: Dubovik I. A. , Boykachev P. V.
Published: August 2021

The aim of this work is to develop a method for the synthesis of matching devices for broadband radio engineering systems with varying impedance in different operating conditions. To achieve this goal, a criterion (complex criterion) is proposed for minimizing the value of the modulus of the sensitivity invariant of the reflection coefficient function to a change in the load impedance with restrictions on the square of the deviation of the power transmission ratio from a given level. It is proposed to use a combination of methods of real frequencies together with the shown complex criterion, which made it possible to implement an effective approach to the synthesis of matching devices for broadband radio engineering systems with an unstable load impedance. To verify the approach, a matching device was synthesized, which made it possible to reduce the loss of the power transmission factor level transmitted to the UHF/VHF antenna of the AD-44 / CW-TA-30-512 range when it is located in various operating conditions by at least 50 % in relation to losses obtained with a standard matching device.
Architecture of the discrete sosine transformation processor for image compression systems on the losless-to-lossy circuit
Authors: Kliuchenia V. V.
Published: August 2021

The hardware implementations of fixed-point DCT blocks, known as IntDCT [1] and BinDCT [2], require some solutions. One of the main issues is the choice between the implementation of the conversion on FPGA, or the implementation on a digital signal processor (Digital Signal Processor, DSP). Each of the implementations has its own pros and cons. One of the most important advantages of the DSP implementation is the presence of special instructions used in DSP, in particular, the ability to multiply two numbers in one clock cycle. Therefore, with the advent of DSP, the limitation on the number of multiplications in algorithms was removed. On the other hand, when implementing a block on an FPGA, we can limit not ourselves to the bitness of the data (within reasonable limits), we have the ability to parallelize all incoming data and implement specialized computing cores for various tasks. In fact, designing multimedia systems on FPGAs reminds the design of similar systems based on the logic of a small and medium degree of integration. Such an implementation has the same limitations: a relatively small amount of available memory, the need to design basic structural elements (multipliers, divisors), etc. It is the inequality of the addition and multiplication operations when they are implemented on FPGAs that caused the search for DCT algorithms with the smallest number of factors. However, even this is not enough, since the structure of the multiplier is many times more complex than the structure of the adder, which made it necessary to look for ways to transform without using multiplications at all. This article shows how, on the basis of integer direct and inverse DCT and distributed arithmetic, to create a new universal architecture of decorrelated transform on FPGAs without multiplication operations for image transformation coding systems that operate on the principle of lossless-to-lossy (L2L), and to obtain the best experimental results in terms of hardware resources compared to comparable compression systems.
Technology storylines: A narrative analysis of the rural education research
Authors: Wargo Eizabeth S. , Simmons Jeff
Published: August 2021

This piece offers a systematic review of rural (P-12) education technology literature. Drawing upon a social change frame (Ogburn, 1922), current rural education technology research within the subfield is collected, examined, and synthesized. Findings explicate that methodological diversity is a strength; however, some populations (e.g., middle school teachers) have thicker coverage than others (e.g., high school students). Additionally, many studies lean on rhetorical structures about what could and should be happening in rural schools, rarely delving into the how’s and whys associated with actual technology use in rural contexts. The piece concludes with a call for scholarship which assists in shifting power structures to support rural schools in their efforts to work with technology for the betterment of rural students and communities in place.
Conceptions of Choice, Equity, & Rurality in Educational Research
Authors: Bridgeforth James , Kennedy Kate , Alonso Jacob , Enoch-Stevens Taylor
Published: August 2021

Although school choice advocates often promote a vision of additional schooling options for all students, the predominant target of school choice researchers has been densely populated, urban cores in the United States. However, this belies the fact that many rural communities have similarly engaged in forms of school choice decision-making. While we do not argue for further encroachment of school choice policies in rural contexts, we believe there are myriad, novel opportunities for meaningful education research regarding school choice, equity, and conceptions of rurality. To advance toward a robust agenda for rural school choice, we review the existing literature on school choice and rural education, provide key recommendations, and assert the need for additional consideration of the following: critical socio-political histories and theories; methodological diversity; issues of race, racism, sexual orientation, and equity; social-emotional learning and development; impacts of the COVID-19 global pandemic; and broadened understandings of rurality.
Reverse bias annealing effects in N-polar GaN/AlGaN metal-insulator-semiconductor high electron mobility transistors
Authors: Prasertsuk Kiattiwut , Suemitsu Tetsuya , Matsuoka Takashi
Published: August 2021

Reverse bias annealing (RBA) is applied to N-polar GaN high electron mobility transistors (HEMTs) to improve the quality of the gate stack interface. As demonstrated for Ga-polar HEMTs, RBA improves the stability of the gate stack interface. However, the decrease in the maximum drain current density is observed as a unique phenomenon for the N-polar HEMTs. The calculation of the band profile suggests that in the N-polar HEMTs the electrons injected from the gate electrode by the reverse bias accumulate at the gate stack interface in the extrinsic gate region. This promotes the electron trapping in the gate stack, which results in an increase in the source access resistance by the virtual gate phenomenon. In the Ga-polar HEMTs, the electrons tend to accumulate at the AlGaN/GaN interface rather than the gate stack interface, which gives less chance of the virtual gate phenomenon.
Shell banding and colour polymorphism of introduced snailCepaea hortensis (Gastropoda, Pulmonata, Helicidae)from some parts of Eastern Europe
Authors: Gural-Sverlova N. V. , Gural R. I.
Published: August 2021

The phenotypic composition of C. hortensis colonies was studied in Western Ukraine (more than 30 thousand adults from 23 settlements and 5 administrative regions) and the Moscow region of Russia (more than 500 adults and juveniles from two colonies in Moscow and Vidnoe). Most Western Ukrainian colonies were characterized by the absence of pink shells, the high frequencies of unbanded shells (70% or more), as well as the white ground colour in all banded shells. It is supposed that the latter feature makes it possible to reliably identify the colonies formed by the descendants of the primary introduction of C. hortensis into Western Ukraine, which occurred in the 20th century, from later and independent repeated introductions of this species. Unlike Western Ukraine, snails with yellow banded and pink shells were found in both colonies from the Moscow region. Pink banded shells were registered only in Moscow as well as in two colonies from Lviv. In two of the three colonies mentioned, part of the pink unbanded (Moscow) or all pink shells (Lviv) had a dark lip.
Morphometric parameters of erythroid hemocytes of alien mollusc Anadara kagoshimensis (Bivalvia, Arcidae) under normoxia and anoxia
Authors: Soldatov Aleksander A. , Kukhareva Tatyana A. , Morozova Viktoriya N. , Richkova Valentina N. , Andreyeva Aleksandra Yu. , Bashmakova Aleksandra O.
Published: August 2021

In the present work we investigated the influence of three days anoxia on hematological parameters, morphological and functional characteristics of eryhroid cells of alien bivalve Anadara kagoshimensis . Oxygen concentration in seawater was decreased by bubbling with nitrogen gas for 5 h. Temperature was maintained at 20±1oC and photoperiod was 12h day: 12h night. Extrapallial fluids were sampled by a puncture of extrapalial cavity. Three-day exposure to anoxia caused pronounced cellular responses. At the organismic level changes were not observed, as hemoglobin concentration the total number of erythroid cells and mean hemoglobin concentration ( МСН ) remained at the level of normoxia. We observed an increase of cellular anomalies, i.e. shistocytes and erythroid cells with polymorphic nuclei, and cells undergoing reactive amitotic division, which resulted in formation of binuclear cells. Nuclear volume ( V ) increased for more than 40 % compared to control level. This increase depended on the duration of anoxia. Changes in cellular volume ( V ) possessed a complicated manner. At the end of experimental period (3rd day of anoxia) nucleo- cytoplasmic ratio was 36% lower comparing to normoxia. Exposure to anoxia did not cause mortality of erythroid cells. The number or red blood cell shades observed on slides remained at control level.
Growth and morphometric characteristics of the scallop Flexopecten glaber (Bivalvia: Pectinidae) reared in cages off the coast of Crimea (Black Sea)
Authors: Revkov N. K. , Pirkova A. V. , Timofeev V. A. , Ladygina L. V. , Schurov S. V.
Published: August 2021

The spat of the scallop Flexopecten glaber were collected in cages with the Pacific oyster Crassostrea gigas cultured on a mussel-and-oyster farm (outer roadstead of Sevastopol Bay). For two years they were reared in plastic cages at a depth of 2-3 m. The cages were periodically withdrawn to measure the size and weight parameters of the molluscs: the length (L, mm), height (H, mm), and width (D, mm) of shells and the total live weight (W, g). The correlations among the parameters under study are presented. The changes in the indices of the frontal (D/L) and sagittal (H/L) curvatures, convexity ((H+D)/L) and conditional volume (H×D×L/1000) of the shells in ontogenesis are shown. Upon reaching a shell length of 30-35 mm, the allometry of the volumetric and weight growth of molluscs changed from positive to negative. The largest values of the shell convexity index were registered in thesame length range. A conclusion about the interval-type growth of F. glaber in linear size and weight is made. It is suggested that the optimal strategy of shell formation in F. glaber in ontogenesis implies the ripening and the first reproduction of the molluscs occurring at the highest volumetric characteristics of the shell. The relationships for the linear size and weight growth ofF. glaber in the first two years of life are obtained. It is concluded that the scallop F. glaber should be considered as a possible element for the diversification of the existing aquaculture of molluscs (mussels and oysters) off the coast of Crimea.
FLYING SAUCER EXPERIMENTAL RESEARCH, AERODYNAMICS UNEXPLORED PHENOMENON AND BIRD'S FLIGHT
Authors: Kandyba Pavel
Published: August 2021

As a result of experiments with the motion of asymmetrical vibrating bodies in a viscous medium, it was found that the generally accepted idea of such a principle of motion is not correct. In reality, the movement is in the opposite direction. A description of the experiments and the observed effect is given, as well as its interpretation.
Pineal Region Brain Tumour Treatment Revisited: A Case Report
Authors: Obande J. O.
Published: August 2021

Pineal region tumours may affect only a relatively small subset of neurosurgical patients, but they present enormous surgical challenge to the neurosurgeon due to their inaccessibly deep locations and compounded by the complex surrounding neurovascular structures. We present a case report of a patient who had combination chemoradiation without histological diagnosis but had complete tumour regression. Cyclical combination chemotherapy with cisplatin, etoposide and bleomycin and radiotherapy followed pre- chemoradiation ventriculo-peritoneal shunt insertion for obstructive hydrocephalus. The patient’s clinical condition improved following the ventriculoperitoneal shunt insertion as walking became re-established. Post – chemoradiotherapy cranial CT scan showed complete tumour regression. Tissue diagnosis may allow for precise, targeted management of pineal region tumours. However, in the absence of facilities which enable safe neurosurgery, resorting to the traditional chemo-radiation is still a viable alternative
Application of Hazard Analysis and Critical Control Point (HACCP) system in the Production and Sale of ‘Fura da nono’ in Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Kaduna State, Nigeria
Authors: Lawan M. K
Published: August 2021

To ensure the safety of ‘Fura da nono‘, a popular beverage widely consumed in the university campuses within Northern Nigeria, the HACCP system need to be applied. The study was carried out to assess the biological hazards associated with consumption of ‘Fura da nono‘ using the Hazard Analysis and Critical Control Point system. Flowchart of the production processes was drawn and samples were collected and analyzed at different stages of production for total aerobic and coliform plate counts and fungi isolation. The results showed that grinded millet have a total aerobic plate counts (TAPC) ranged from 6.72 log10 to 6.98 log10 cfu/mg, while the total coliform counts (TCC) ranged from 5.32 log10 to 5.45 log10 cfu/mg. After sieving, the (TAPC) ranged from 6.45 log10 to 6.99 log10 cfu/mg, while the (TCC) ranged from 5.23 log10 to 5.59 log10 cfu/mg. All samples were positive for fungi growth after grinding and sieving. The result of (TAPC) after addition of hot water but before molding into shape ranged from 2.99 log10 to 3.23 log10 cfu/mg, while the (TCC) ranged from 0.53 log10 to 0.86 log10 cfu/mg. After molding the millet dough into shape the (TAPC) ranged from 2.98 log10 to 3.43 log10 cfu/mg, while the (TCC) ranged from 0.78 log10 to 2.60 log10 cfu/mg. All the samples collected after adding boil water and molding the millet dough into shapes turn out to be negative for fungi growth. The risk analysis, showed high risk at the level of millet grinding, molding of dough, blending with yoghurt and packing into containers. the study revealed that the stages post boiling of the ingredients with water and molding of the dough into round shapes are the most prone to contamination as such considered as critical control points in ‘fura’ production. It was concluded that there were high bacteria counts in ‘fura’ production with dangers of food borne illnesses when consumed. There is a need to improve hygienic practices especially at the critical points observed in the study.
A Randomized Switched-Mode Voltage Regulation System for IoT Edge Devices to Defend Against Power Analysis based Side Channel Attacks
Authors: Khan Mohd , Chen Yu
Published: August 2021

The prevalence of Internet of Things (IoT) allows heterogeneous and lightweight smart devices to collaboratively provide services with or without human intervention. With an ever-increasing presence of IoT-based smart applications and their ubiquitous visibility from the Internet, user data generated by highly connected smart IoT devices also incur more concerns on security and privacy. While a lot of efforts are reported to develop lightweight information assurance approaches that are affordable to resource-constrained IoT devices, there is not sufficient attention paid from the aspect of security solutions against hardware-oriented attacks, i.e. side channel attacks. In this paper, a COTS (commercial off-the-shelf) based Randomized Switched-Mode Voltage Regulation System (RSMVRS) is proposed to prevent power analysis based side channel attacks (P-SCA) on bare metal IoT edge device. The RSMVRS is implemented to direct power to IoT edge devices. The power is supplied to the target device by randomly activating power stages with random time delays. Therefore, the cryptography algorithm executing on the IoT device will not correlate to a predictable power profile, if an adversary performs a SCA by measuring the power traces. The RSMVRS leverages COTS components and experimental study has verified the correctness and effectiveness of the proposed solution.
Redefining Wireless Communication for 6G:Signal Processing Meets Deep Learning with Deep Unfolding
Authors: Jagannath Anu , Jagannath Jithin , Melodia Tommaso
Published: August 2021

The year 2019 witnessed the rollout of the 5G standard, which promises to offer significant data rate improvement over 4G. While 5G is still in its infancy, there has been an increased shift in the research community for communication technologies beyond 5G. The recent emergence of machine learning approaches for enhancing wireless communications and empowering them with much-desired intelligence holds immense potential for redefining wireless communication for 6G. The evolving communication systems will be bottlenecked in terms of latency, throughput, and reliability by the underlying signal processing at the physical layer. In this position paper, we motivate the need to redesign iterative signal processing algorithms by leveraging deep unfolding techniques to fulfill the physical layer requirements for 6G networks. To this end, we begin by presenting the service requirements and the key challenges posed by the envisioned 6G communication architecture. We outline the deficiencies of the traditional algorithmic principles and data-hungry deep learning (DL) approaches in the context of 6G networks. Specifically, deep unfolded signal processing is presented by sketching the interplay between domain knowledge and DL. The deep unfolded approaches reviewed in this article are positioned explicitly in the context of the requirements imposed by the next generation of cellular networks. Finally, this article motivates open research challenges to truly realize hardware-efficient edge intelligence for future 6G networks.
Linear Precoder Design for PAPR Reduction of GFDM Signals Using Gradient Descent Methods
Authors: Sheikh-Hosseini Mohsen , Rahdari Farhad , Hasheminejad Mohammad
Published: August 2021

This paper addresses linear precoder design for Peak-to-Average Power Ratio (PARP) reduction of Generalized Frequency Division Multiplexing (GFDM). A general framework, which is composed of four different scenarios and utilizes Gradient-based iterative methods to reduce PAPR through minimizing statistical parameters of the instantaneous power of GFDM signal including variance, power, and third moment, is suggested. Numerical results confirm when the step-size of the Gradient method is dynamically computed using the Wolf line search rule, the suggested algorithm circumvents drawbacks of existing studies and converges to a precoder providing advantages in design speed, obtained PAPR, symbol error rate, and out-of-band emission.
Keefektifan Trichoderma sp. dalam Mengendalikan Layu Fusarium pada Tanaman Mentimun (Cucumis sativus L.)
Authors: Novita Nira , Firmansyah Efrin , Isnaeni Selvy
Published: August 2021

Agens pengendali hayati (APH) selain dapat membatasi pertumbuhan dan perkembangan Organisme Pengganggu Tumbuhan, APH juga berperan dalam menjaga keseimbangan ekosistem  lingkungan pertanian. Trichoderma sp. merupakan salah satu agens pengendali hayati yang dapat digunakan untuk mengendalikan patogen tular tanah salah satunya Fusarium sp. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh Trichoderma sp. terhadap pertumbuhan, hasil dan keevektivan dalam mengendalikan layu fusarium tanaman mentimun. Rancangan yang di gunakan adalah Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) dengan 5 perlakuan dan 4 ulangan. Penelitian ini dilakukan di Screen House Satuan Pelayanan BPTPH Wil V Tasikmalaya. Perlakuan penelitian yaitu Dosis Trichoderma sp. 0 g tan-1 (kontrol),  25 g tan-1,50 g tan-1,  75 g tan-1,  100 g tan-1. Data dianalisis menggunakan analisis ragam dilanjutkan dengan uji Duncan taraf α 5%. Hasil penelitian menunjukan tidak adanya kejadian serangan penyakit fusarium pada tanaman dengan perlakuan dosis Trichoderma sp. maupun perlakuan kontrol, hal tersebut diduga bahwa keadaan lingkungan  tidak sesuai bagi pertumbuhan cendawan Fusarium sp.. Dosis Trichoderma sp. 75 g tan-1 memeberikan pertumbuhan dan hasil yang optimal pada tanaman mentimun.
Secure Data Sharing Platform for Portable Social Networks with Power Saving Operation
Authors: S. Raj Jennifer
Published: August 2021

Several subscribing and content sharing services are largely personalized with the growing use of mobile social media technology. The end user privacy in terms of social relationships, interests and identities as well as shared content confidentiality are some of the privacy concerns in such services. The content is provided with fine-grained access control with the help of attribute-based encryption (ABE) in existing work. Decryption of privacy preserving content suffers high consumption of energy and data leakage to unauthorized people is faced when mobile social networks share privacy preserving data. In the mobile social networks, a secure proxy decryption model with enhanced publishing and subscribing scheme is presented in this paper as a solution to the aforementioned issues. The user credentials and data confidentiality are protected by access control techniques that work on privacy preserving in a self-contained manner. Keyword search based public-key encryption with ciphertext policy attribute-based encryption is used in this model. At the end users, ciphertext decryption is performed to reduce the energy consumption by the secure proxy decryption scheme. The effectiveness and efficiency of the privacy preservation model is observed from the experimental results.
La Formación docente en el trabajo con el cuerpo y el movimiento en Educación Inicial
Authors: Martin Cardinal María Consuelo
Published: August 2021

El artículo propone unas reflexiones frente al lugar del cuerpo y el movimiento en la educación inicial, a partir de un ejercicio de sistematización de la práctica docente e investigativa; entendiendo al cuerpo y al movimiento como ejes centrales del trabajo pedagógico; busca presentar las características de la formación en este campo, que pasan por la vivencia, evocación y reflexión del propio ser corporal. Concluyendo que la formación y el ejercicio profesional requieren una mirada donde la seguridad y la escucha sean principios rectores de la acción educativa.