bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Adaptation of central metabolite pools to variations in growth rate and cultivation conditions in Saccharomyces cerevisiae
Authors: Kumar Kanhaiya , Venkatraman Vishwesh , Bruheim Per
Published: March 2021

Background

Saccharomyces cerevisiae is a well-known popular model system for basic biological studies and serves as a host organism for the heterologous production of commercially interesting small molecules and proteins. The central metabolism is at the core to provide building blocks and energy to support growth and survival in normal situations as well as during exogenous stresses and forced heterologous protein production. Here, we present a comprehensive study of intracellular central metabolite pool profiling when growing S. cerevisiae on different carbon sources in batch cultivations and at different growth rates in nutrient-limited glucose chemostats. The latest versions of absolute quantitative mass spectrometry-based metabolite profiling methodology were applied to cover glycolytic and pentose phosphate pathway metabolites, tricarboxylic acid cycle (TCA), complete amino acid, and deoxy-/nucleoside phosphate pools.

Results

Glutamate, glutamine, alanine, and citrate were the four most abundant metabolites for most conditions tested. The amino acid is the dominant metabolite class even though a marked relative reduction compared to the other metabolite classes was observed for nitrogen and phosphate limited chemostats. Interestingly, glycolytic and pentose phosphate pathway (PPP) metabolites display the largest variation among the cultivation conditions while the nucleoside phosphate pools are more stable and vary within a closer concentration window. The overall trends for glucose and nitrogen-limited chemostats were increased metabolite pools with the increasing growth rate. Next, comparing the chosen chemostat reference growth rate (0.12 h−1, approximate one-fourth of maximal unlimited growth rate) illuminates an interesting pattern: almost all pools are lower in nitrogen and phosphate limited conditions compared to glucose limitation, except for the TCA metabolites citrate, isocitrate and α-ketoglutarate.

Conclusions

This study provides new knowledge-how the central metabolism is adapting to various cultivations conditions and growth rates which is essential for expanding our understanding of cellular metabolism and the development of improved phenotypes in metabolic engineering.
Different effects of monophasic pulses and biphasic pulses applied by a bipolar stimulation electrode in the rat hippocampal CA1 region
Authors: Yuan Yue , Zheng Lvpiao , Feng Zhouyan , Yang Gangsheng
Published: March 2021

Background

Electrical pulse stimulations have been applied in brain for treating certain diseases such as movement disorders. High-frequency stimulations (HFS) of biphasic pulses have been used in clinic stimulations, such as deep brain stimulation (DBS), to minimize the risk of tissue damages caused by the electrical stimulations. However, HFS sequences of monophasic pulses have often been used in animal experiments for studying neuronal responses to the stimulations. It is not clear yet what the differences of the neuronal responses to the HFS of monophasic pulses from the HFS of biphasic pulses are.

Methods

To investigate the neuronal responses to the two types of pulses, orthodromic-HFS (O-HFS) and antidromic-HFS (A-HFS) of biphasic and monophasic pulses (1-min) were delivered by bipolar electrodes, respectively, to the Schaffer collaterals (i.e., afferent fibers) and the alveus fibers (i.e., efferent fibers) of the rat hippocampal CA1 region in vivo. Evoked population spikes of CA1 pyramidal neurons to the HFSs were recorded in the CA1 region. In addition, single pulses of antidromic- and orthodromic-test stimuli were applied before and after HFSs to evaluate the baseline and the recovery of neuronal activity, respectively.

Results

Spreading depression (SD) appeared during sequences of 200-Hz monophasic O-HFS with a high incidence (4/5), but did not appear during corresponding 200-Hz biphasic O-HFS (0/6). A preceding burst of population spikes appeared before the SD waveforms. Then, the SD propagated slowly, silenced neuronal firing temporarily and resulted in partial recovery of orthodromically evoked population spikes (OPS) after the end of O-HFS. No SD events appeared during the O-HFS with a lower frequency of 100 Hz of monophasic or biphasic pulses (0/5 and 0/6, respectively), neither during the A-HFS of 200-Hz pulses (0/9). The antidromically evoked population spikes (APS) after 200-Hz biphasic A-HFS recovered to baseline level within ~ 2 min. However, the APS only recovered partially after the 200-Hz A-HFS of monophasic pulses.

Conclusions

The O-HFS with a higher frequency of monophasic pulses can induce the abnormal neuron activity of SD and the A-HFS of monophasic pulses can cause a persisting attenuation of neuronal excitability, indicating neuronal damages caused by monophasic stimulations in brain tissues. The results provide guidance for proper stimulation protocols in clinic and animal experiments.
Associations between defense mechanisms and life satisfaction among North Korean refugees
Authors: Lee Chang Woo , Lee Jooyoung , Jun Jin Yong , Lee So Hee , Yu So Young , Park Juhyun , Kim Seog Ju
Published: March 2021

Background

The present study investigated associations between defense mechanisms and life satisfaction among North Korean refugees living in South Korea.

Methods

A total of 178 North Korean refugees completed the Korean version of the Defense Style Questionnaire, a revised version of the Ways of Thinking of North Korean Defectors scale, the Center for Epidemiologic Studies-Depression Scale, and the State–Trait Anxiety Inventory. Multiple stepwise regression analysis was performed to investigate the defense mechanisms associated with North Korean refugees’ life satisfaction in South Korea.

Results

Among defense mechanisms, denial most strongly predicted higher overall and economic satisfaction among North Korean refugees living in South Korea (β = 0.145, p < 0.01; β = 0.137, p = 0.03, respectively) after controlling for age, gender, anxiety, depression, and number of traumatic events experienced. Furthermore, resignation predicted lower overall (β = −0.206, p < 0.001) and economic satisfaction (β = −0.134, p = 0.02). However, the association between resignation and life satisfaction was not significant after controlling for depression, anxiety, and number of traumatic events experienced.

Conclusions

Specific defense mechanisms such as high denial and low resignation were associated with life satisfaction in South Korea among North Korean refugees. Our findings suggest that refugees’ psychological defense mechanisms may affect their satisfactory resettlement.
Phenotypic and biochemical characteristics and molecular basis in 36 Chinese patients with androgen receptor variants
Authors: Zhu Hui , Yao Haijun , Xu Yue , Chen Yan , Han Bing , Wang Nan , Wang Hao , Zhang Qiang , Zhu Wenjiao , Shi Yuanping , Sun Hua , Zhao Shuangxia , Song Huaidong , Liu Yang , Qiao Jie
Published: March 2021

Background

Androgen insensitive syndrome (AIS) is a rare genetic disease resulting from androgen receptor (AR) mutations and one of the causes of 46, XY disorder of sexual development (DSD). This study aimed to describe the clinical features and molecular defects of 36 Chinese patients withARvariants and investigate the functional alterations of novel variants in vitro.

Material and methods

Subjects withARvariants were identified from 150 Chinese 46, XY DSD patients using targeted next-generation sequencing. In-silico and functional assays were performed to evaluate the transcriptional activity and nuclear localization of novelARvariants.

Results

Eight novel and fifteen reportedARvariants were identified. 30.6% (11/36) of patients harbored additional variants other thanAR. Mutations in the Arg841 residue were found in 7 unrelated patients. Postpubertal serum gonadotropin levels were significantly elevated in patients with complete AIS (CAIS) compared with those in patients with partial AIS (PAIS) (P < 0.05). All the novel variants initially predicted to be uncertain significance by in-silico analyses were reclassified as likely pathogenic for defective AR transcriptional activity in vitro, except p.L295P, which was found in an atypical patient with oligogenic mutations and reclassified as likely benign. c.368_369 ins T was observed to interfere with nuclear translocation.

Conclusions

Compared with PAIS patients, postpubertal CAIS patients had higher gonadotropin levels. Arg841 was disclosed as the location of recurrent mutations in Chinese AIS patients. Functional assays are important for reclassifying the novelARvariants and re-examining the diagnosis of AIS in specific patients with oligogenic mutations, instead of in-silico analysis.
Genetic variation and microRNA targeting of A-to-I RNA editing fine tune human tissue transcriptomes
Authors: Park Eddie , Jiang Yan , Hao Lili , Hui Jingyi , Xing Yi
Published: March 2021

Background

A-to-I RNA editing diversifies the transcriptome and has multiple downstream functional effects. Genetic variation contributes to RNA editing variability between individuals and has the potential to impact phenotypic variability.

Results

We analyze matched genetic and transcriptomic data in 49 tissues across 437 individuals to identify RNA editing events that are associated with genetic variation. Using an RNA editing quantitative trait loci (edQTL) mapping approach, we identify 3117 unique RNA editing events associated with a cis genetic polymorphism. Fourteen percent of these edQTL events are also associated with genetic variation in their gene expression. A subset of these events are associated with genome-wide association study signals of complex traits or diseases. We determine that tissue-specific levels of ADAR and ADARB1 are able to explain a subset of tissue-specific edQTL events. We find that certain microRNAs are able to differentiate between the edited and unedited isoforms of their targets. Furthermore, microRNAs can generate an expression quantitative trait loci (eQTL) signal from an edQTL locus by microRNA-mediated transcript degradation in an editing-specific manner. By integrative analyses of edQTL, eQTL, and microRNA expression profiles, we computationally discover and experimentally validate edQTL-microRNA pairs for which the microRNA may generate an eQTL signal from an edQTL locus in a tissue-specific manner.

Conclusions

Our work suggests a mechanism in which RNA editing variability can influence the phenotypes of complex traits and diseases by altering the stability and steady-state level of critical RNA molecules.
Comparative analysis of the allergenic characteristics and serodiagnostic potential of recombinant chitinase-like protein-5 and -12 from Sarcoptes scabiei
Authors: Shen Nengxing , Chen Yuhang , Wei Wenrui , Xiong Lang , Tao Yuanyuan , Xiao Jie , Liu Song , He Xue , Du Xiaodi , Gu Xiaobin , Xie Yue , Xu Jing , Peng Xuerong , Yang Guangyou
Published: March 2021

Background

Scabies is caused by burrowing of the mite Sarcoptes scabiei into the stratum corneum. Currently, diagnosis via routine skin scraping is very difficult, and information on the allergenic identification of S. scabiei remains limited.

Methods

We performed comparative analysis of the serological diagnostic potential of recombinant S. scabiei chitinase-like protein-5 (rSsCLP5) and recombinant S. scabiei chitinase-like protein-12 (rSsCLP12) by measuring the levels of serum-specific IgG and IgE antibodies (Abs) as diagnostic markers. In addition, the allergenic characteristics of rSsCLP5 and rSsCLP12 were evaluated using IgE-binding experiments and skin tests.

Results

The IgE Abs-based indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) methods showed high sensitivity and specificity: the rSsCLP5-based assay had 93.5% sensitivity and 94.4% specificity; the rSsCLP12-based assay had 100% sensitivity and 98.1% specificity. The specific IgE Abs in infested mouse sera could bind rSsCLP5 and rSsCLP12. In skin tests, rabbits in the rSsCLP5 and rSsCLP12 groups and positive control (histamine) groups exhibited allergic reactions. Most test sites in the rSsCLP12 group had edema, bleeding spots, and even ulcers or scabs, but such allergy symptoms were rare in the rSsCLP5 group. Moreover, the allergic history rabbit group had more severe allergic reactions and lower levels of IgE Abs compared to the healthy rabbit group in the same protein group.

Conclusions

These findings validate the use of IgE Abs to rSsCLP5 and rSsCLP12 as potentially useful markers for diagnosing scabies. Moreover, both rSsCLP5 and rSsCLP12 have allergenic properties, and the potential allergen rSsCLP12 is a stronger allergen than rSsCLP5.

Graphical Abstract
HDAC2 interacts with microRNA-503-5p to regulate SGK1 in osteoarthritis
Authors: Wang Zheng , Zhou Nan , Wang Wengang , Yu Yangke , Xia Lei , Li Ning
Published: March 2021

Background

Osteoarthritis (OA) is a disabling joint disease that causes articular cartilage degeneration. It has been implicated that altered expression of histone deacetylase 2 (HDAC2) is found in patients with OA. However, the specific role of HDAC2 in the development of OA still remains enigmatic. Hence, we sought to characterize the functional relevance of HDAC2 in the development of OA.

Methods

Anterior cruciate ligament surgery was performed to generate the rat model of OA. Luciferase assay was performed to evaluate the relationship between microRNA-503-5p (miR-503-5p) and serum- and glucocorticoid-inducible kinase-1 (SGK1). Functional experiments were conducted to examine the functional significance of miR-503-5p, histone deacetylase 2 (HDAC2), and SGK1 on the progression of OA by determining proliferation, apoptosis, and expression of apoptosis-associated proteins and inflammatory cytokines.

Results

HDAC2 could inhibit miR-503-5p expression. SGK1 was the target gene of miR-503-5p. Upregulation of miR-503-5p or silencing of HDAC2 contributed to enhanced proliferation, suppressed apoptosis (reduced expression of Caspase-3 and Bax but elevated expression of Bcl2), and promoted inflammation in chondrocytes of OA rats.

Conclusion

In conclusion, our study demonstrated that HDAC2 could promote OA through miR-503-5p/SGK1 axis, which might function as a therapeutic target for OA treatment.
Developed channel propagation models and path loss measurements for wireless communication systems using regression analysis techniques
Authors: Zakaria Yahia A. , Hamad Ehab K. I. , Elhamid A. S. Abd , El-Khatib K. M.
Published: March 2021

Background

The development of powerful and flexible management addresses is due to the improvement of deeply reliable gadgets and the advancement of the concept of cellular. The cellular principle was a major way of solving the wavelength crowding problem and the user capacity. It offered high capacity without major technological changes with limited allocation in spectrum. Wireless communication is an innovation in media transmission that allows remote transmission in all types of terrain between convenient gadgets. For estimating a transmitter 's radio coverage area, propagation models that anticipate the mean signal strength for an arbitrary transmitter–receiver separation distance are crucial as they are called large-scale propagation models so even though they define the average signal strength over long periods of time and large distances from the transmitter.

Results

Developed propagation models are presented according to the measured path loss values in exemplary urban and suburban areas at the operating frequency of 3.5 ghz by using the regression analysis. The measurements are implemented by using a spectrum analyzer FSH6 to get the channel response as shown in the stated tables and graphs. Based on the obtained results, it was observed that the path loss could be calculated as a function of distance and during the practical measurements 32 m was precise as a presumption for the break point distance. The values of path loss exponent (n) are defined and calculated for both of urban and suburban regions. Measurements results are analyzed and compared in order to study their influence for every specific environment. It was noticed that any radio signal will suffer attenuation when it travels from the transmitter to the receiver as a variety of various phenomena give rise to this radio path loss.

Conclusions

The interaction between both the electromagnetic radiation and the environment tends to decrease the quality of the signal being sent from the transmitter to the destination which causes the loss of the path. Propagation models are the basis for channel estimation, as they attempt to identify how a radio transmission changes from the transmitter to the receiver throughout its path. The gained results from this research will be supportive for the arrangement of network planners and researchers as proof and directory materials before future location establishment.
Discovery of Bis-sydnone styryl ketone as a selective cyclooxygenase-2 inhibitor
Authors: Abdualkader Abdualrahman Mohammed , Taher Muhammad , Nik Yusoff Nik Idris , Alaama Mohamed
Published: March 2021

Background

Various literature sources have documented a wide spectrum of therapeutic properties of sydnones including anti-inflammatory, anticancer, antimicrobial activities. Phenyl styryl ketones and their derivatives as members of the chalcone family have also been reported as significant bioactive molecules. The current study was initiated to evaluate the anti-inflammatory activity of sydnone-based compounds including some novelbis-sydnone styryl ketone hybrids.

Results

Twenty-five sydnone-containing compounds were successfully synthesized. Compounds46-48and56-58were reported as new sydnone derivatives. Whereas, compounds61-63were synthesized as novel molecules containing two sydnone rings linked via α,β-unsaturated ketone. The structures of the synthesized compounds were confirmed by FTIR,1H NMR,13C NMR and ToF-MS analyses. The in vitro COX inhibition assay showed varied activity. Compounds47,51,58and63showed the most potent COX inhibitory effects at a concentration of 200 μM. The selectivity index revealed that63was the best selective COX-2 inhibitor. Acetylation of the sydnone ring at C-4 was fruitful for the COX inhibitory effects. Docking analysis showed that COX-2 selectivity was due to a favourable positive charged interaction occurring between the sydnone ring of63and Arg513 of COX-2. Compound51was hydrogen bonded to Arg513. On the other hand, the low inhibitory effect of63against COX-1 was due to an unfavourable polar interaction with His513 in the binding pocket of COX-1.

Conclusions

The compounds were successfully synthesized and characterized. Compound63had a common architecture and pharmacophoric features with known selective COX-2 inhibitors (the coxib family) which make it a suitable candidate for the designing of selective and safe NSAID.
Improving Care for Patients With Stage III or IV NSCLC: Learnings for Multidisciplinary Teams From the ACCC National Quality Survey
Authors: Salgia Ravi , Boehmer Leigh M. , Celestin Catherine , Yu Hong , Spigel David R.
Published: March 2021

PURPOSE:

Insufficient characterization of the optimal multidisciplinary team and lack of understanding of barriers to quality care are unmet needs in the management of stage III or IV non–small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). A national survey was conducted to inform the design and execution of process improvement plans and address identified barriers.

METHODS:

A steering committee of multidisciplinary specialists and representation from patient advocacy collaborated for a comprehensive, double-blind, web-based survey (January-April 2019) to obtain insights on care delivery for patients with advanced NSCLC in a diverse set of US community cancer programs.

RESULTS:

Overall, 639 responses (160 unique cancer programs across 44 US states) were included; 41% (n = 261) of respondents indicated an absence of a thoracic multidisciplinary clinic in their cancer program. Engagement in shared decision making was significantly associated with the presence of navigation and radiation oncology disciplines ( P ≤ .04); 19.2% and 33.3% of respondents belonged to cancer programs with no lung cancer screening and no protocol for biomarker testing, respectively. The frequency of tumor board meetings negatively correlated with time to complete disease staging ( P = .03); the average time to first therapeutic intervention in newly diagnosed patients was 4 weeks. The most challenging barriers to quality care included insufficient quantity of biopsy material for biomarker testing, lack of primary care provider referrals, and diagnostic costs.

CONCLUSION:

Improving the quality of advanced NSCLC care, including optimization of a multidisciplinary team framework, may surmount barriers to care coordination, diagnosis and staging, and treatment planning, consequently improving adherence to evolving standards of care.
Primary Ovarian Insufficiency in Women With Addison’s Disease
Authors: Vogt Elinor C , Breivik Lars , Røyrvik Ellen C , Grytaas Marianne , Husebye Eystein S , Øksnes Marianne
Published: March 2021

Context

Primary ovarian insufficiency (POI) is defined by menopause before 40 years of age. POI prevalence is higher among women with autoimmune Addison’s disease (AAD) than in the general population, but their clinical characteristics are insufficiently studied.

Objective

To assess the prevalence of POI in a large cohort of women with AAD and describe clinical, immunological, and genetic characteristics.

Methods

An observational population-based cohort study of the Norwegian National Addison Registry. The Norwegian Prescription Database was used to assess prescription of menopausal hormone replacement therapy (HRT). A total of 461 women with AAD were studied. The primary outcome measure was prevalence of POI. Secondary outcomes were clinical characteristics, autoantibodies, and genome-wide single nucleotide polymorphism variation.

Results

The prevalence of POI was 10.2% (47/461) and one-third developed POI before 30 years of age. POI preceded or coincided with AAD diagnosis in more than half of the women. The prevalence of concomitant autoimmune diseases was 72%, and AAD women with POI had more autoantibodies than AAD women without (≥2 autoantibodies in 78% vs 25%). Autoantibodies against side-chain cleavage enzyme (SCC) had the highest accuracy with a negative predictive value for POI of 96%. HRT use was high compared to the age adjusted normal population (11.3 % vs 0.7%).

Conclusion

One in 10 women with AAD have POI. Autoantibodies against SCC are the most specific marker for autoimmune POI. We recommend testing women with AAD <40 years with menstrual disturbances or fertility concerns for autoantibodies against SCC.
Closed Bronchoscopy System: An Innovative Approach to Minimize Aerosolization During Bronchoscopy
Authors: Sharkey Aidan , Zucco Liana , Rubenstein Lindsay , Baribeau Vincent , Mahmood Feroze , Matyal Robina
Published: March 2021

Health care workers performing aerosolizing procedures on patients with transmissible infections such as severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) are at high-risk for disease acquisition. Current guidelines designed to protect health care workers during aerosolizing procedures prioritize personal protective equipment and enhanced infection control techniques, in particular during procedures such as intubation. To date, little emphasis has been placed on risk mitigation in the setting of bronchoscopy, a procedure that has significant aerosolization potential. Herein, we present an innovative closed bronchoscopy system designed to reduce aerosolization during bronchoscopy.
The What-Has-Been and the Now of a Communist Past in Malaya in the Films of Amir Muhammad
Authors: Bonura Carlo
Published: March 2021

This article considers two films by the Malaysian filmmaker Amir Muhammad, The Last Communist of 2006 and the Village People Radio Show of 2007. Both films are focused on the Malayan Emergency and the lives of a small group of Malayan communists. Through an engagement with Walter Benjamin’s essay “The Storyteller,” the analysis in this article examines the aesthetic forms that structure Amir’s films, namely nonlinear narratives, intertextuality, and the use of images and stories as comparative frames. This article argues that Amir’s films enable audiences to recognize how the truth of a communist past in Malaysia, both of its politics and suppression, inflects the present. The films provide an opening to recognize how the absence of communism today is the effect of the ideological clearing of all leftism that became the hallmark of the end of the British Empire in Malaysia. Communism is made meaningful in Amir’s films both as a lived experience and as a displacement that is absent from the postcolonial everyday.
In Search of Marble Monuments
Authors: Maier Hendrik M. J.
Published: March 2021

The Indonesian poet Chairil Anwar (1922–49) appears to have known it all along: his poems, evoking loneliness and failed communication, written in a self-proclaimed new language, were to remain incomplete and unfinished. Incomplete because they were to be read again and again long after the Indonesian National Revolution had achieved its primary aim, political independence of the Republic of Indonesia, heir of the Dutch Empire; unfinished because they were to be published again and again, every printing and every reading creating other poems. The marble monuments of Indonesian culture of which Chairil was dreaming—polished and stable—never materialized. Perhaps only his last poem, in which a formally balanced description of the sociocultural life of the novel Republic was substituted for the evocations of loneliness and failure, seems to confirm his dream: it has rarely been published and became only a reluctant topic of Indonesian conversations in the new century, while the shadows of the Dutch empire and the revolution are fading, and the search for monuments remains incomplete.
Atraumatic fractures of the femur
Authors: Hedge Ganesh , Thaker Siddharth , Botchu Rajesh , Fawcett Richard , Gupta Harun
Published: March 2021

Atraumatic fractures of femur, although not as common as traumatic fractures, are frequently encountered in the clinical practice. They present with non-specific symptoms and can be occult on initial imaging making their diagnosis difficult, sometimes resulting in complications. Overlapping terminologies used to describe these fractures may hamper effective communication between the radiologist and the clinician. In this article, we review various atraumatic fractures of femur, terminologies used to describe them, their imaging findings and differential diagnosis. The article also describes the aetiology, pathophysiology and relevant biomechanics behind these fractures. An approach to atraumatic femoral fractures has been outlined.
The Current Status of Personnel Policy and Personnel Potential in the State and Civil Service
Authors: Lobacheva A. , Ostromeckis P. , Klopotovskiy V.
Published: March 2021

In order to ensure national security, the personnel policy in the state civil service must remain effective and ready to provide State authorities with highly qualified specialists with high personnel potential in a timely manner. In order to obtain an objective assessment of the personnel potential of the state civil service, the authors analyzed the current state of personnel policy and personnel potential in the state civil service on the basis of officially published quantitative and qualitative indicators. The article considers the main elements of the personnel potential of state civil servants and their current state at the federal and regional levels.
«New» Executive Competencies in the Context of Digital Business Transformation
Authors: Svistunov Vasiliy , Lobachyev Vitaliy
Published: March 2021

Improving the competitiveness of domestic enterprises is based on the introduction of advanced business and management information technologies. The current business environment is increasingly causing an urgent need for managers to expand the horizon of digital vision not only for current, but also for future management of the company. Today, it is not enough for a Manager to simply have proper professional knowledge in certain functional areas of activity and have a broad managerial Outlook. A modern Manager should be able to initiate the introduction and use of advanced information systems and technologies in almost all implemented business processes of his company. When preparing the article, the materials of research conducted at a number of domestic industrial enterprises were used. Conclusions and main provisions are based on the results of analysis of real practice of implementation and operation of corporate information systems. The results obtained in the course of the research, including the opinions of experts, which were made by employees of industrial enterprises, were used in conducting targeted work to establish a priority list of the most relevant and significant professional areas of knowledge and professional qualities that can help a modern Manager achieve success in the implementation and practical use of corporate information systems. The main result of the research should be considered the formation of such a priority list.
A dupla excepcionalidade superdotação e TDA/H: uma revisão da literatura
Authors: Marques Ogeda Clarissa Maria , Pedro Ketilin Mayra , Martins Bárbara Amaral
Published: March 2021

Estudantes com comportamento superdotado podem apresentar traços semelhantes aos característicos do Transtorno do Déficit de Atenção/Hiperatividade (TDAH), ocasionando diagnósticos equivocados. No entanto, a coexistência desses fenômenos também é possível. Objetivou-se identificar e caracterizar as produções científicas que abordam a associação entre superdotação e TDAH. Para isso, foram consultadas cinco bases de dados: Biblioteca Digital Brasileira de Teses e Dissertações, Portal de Periódicos da Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior, Portal de Periódicos do Scientific Eletronic Library Online, Literatura Latino-Americana e do Caribe em Ciências da Saúde e na base de dados Education Resources Information Center. Foram usados os descritores gifted e adhd, hyperactivity e attention deficit hyperactivity disorder em inglês, e também foram adotados “altas habilidades”, “superdotação”, “talento”, “dotação” e “precocidade”, juntamente com o descritor “TDAH”, “transtorno de déficit de atenção/hiperatividade” e “hiperatividade”. Assim, foram localizadas 33 produções. A categorização e análise dos trabalhos revelou a existência de diferenças no funcionamento de estudantes com comportamento superdotado quando em associação ao TDAH, as quais afetam aspectos educacionais, socioemocionais e requerem intervenção específica. Maiores investigações acerca dessa temática são necessárias para evitar erros diagnósticos..
O acervo da Teias em foco: as perspectivas e contribuições da revista através de meta-análises
Authors: Semaan Gustavo Silva , Silva Edelberto Franco , Brito José André De Moura
Published: March 2021

Com o objetivo de conhecer novas perspectivas em relação ao acervo da Revista TEIAS, em destaque pela alta qualidade de seus trabalhos e de excelência confirmada pelo sistema de avaliação Qualis da CAPES, o trabalho analisa sua comunidade por meio das redes de colaborações e contribuições. Criada no ano 2000 com foco na área de conhecimento Educação, em seu 21º ano de atuação superou a marca de 1.000 artigos publicados por mais de 1.300 autores. Para a realização das meta-análises foi considerado o processo de Descoberta de Conhecimento em Bases de Dados e conceitos de Teoria dos Grafos. Os resultados obtidos possuem estatísticas gerais, análises das redes de colaboração, termos em destaque ao passar dos anos e autores considerados influentes com base em sua frequência de publicação na revista, pela quantidade de autores com quem colaboram bem como por meio do uso da medida de centralidade por intermediação. Assim, o presente trabalho fornece informações e análises importantes, que podem ser consideradas em outras pesquisas e apoiam interpretações, perspectivas e contribuições deste importante acervo.
Using the ABCDE approach for all critically unwell patients
Authors: Peate Ian , Brent David
Published: March 2021

The ABCDE approach is a systematic approach that must be used for all critically unwell or/and deteriorating patients. This article provides an overview of the underlying principles with a general overview that may be used for any unwell adult patient. Understanding the key issues discussed can assist the healthcare worker in preparing for emergency situations. Assessing and identifying quickly those patients whose condition is deteriorating and prioritising interventions is a key component of safe healthcare. The ABCDE assessment should only be undertaken by suitably educated and trained staff.
Radicular arm pain
Authors: Patnaik Surendra , Carr Alastair , Inaparthy Praveen , Kieffer Will KM
Published: March 2021

Cervical radiculopathy is a neurological condition caused by dysfunction or compression of a cervical nerve root. Patients often report unilateral neck pain with radiation to the ipsilateral arm, often with sensory changes in a dermatomal distribution. Weakness and reflex changes are also commonly found and can be very troubling for patients. Careful history and examination is important to identify any more concerning features such as progressive symptoms and features of myelopathy, which could prompt surgical management. Although the majority of patients will see an improvement in their symptoms over time with conservative management, surgery is indicated in patients with debilitating pain, progressive neurology, significant weakness, instability or myelopathy. Advancements in surgical techniques offer a range of potential operations that should be considered carefully for each patient. This article outlines the clinical approach to presentation, pathophysiology, diagnosis and management.
Managing BVDV at the herd level part 2
Authors: Button Ellie
Published: March 2021

Bovine viral diarrhoea virus (BVDV) is a costly disease and its eradication is the focus of the English voluntary scheme, BVDFree. The process of identifying a farm as negative or not negative is broken down into four stages using ADAM: assess disease risk; define herd status; action plan for BVD control; monitor progress. This process is based on the long-established protocols defined by Cattle Health Certification Standards. The latter two stages are discussed in this article with the first two discussed in part 1 of this series.

Initial testing will identify the farm as negative or not negative for BVDV. Herds that are not negative will require further testing, which will often take the form of screening for a persistently infected (PI) animal, or ‘PI hunt’, by testing every animal in the herd either directly or indirectly for the presence of virus.

Maintaining and monitoring BVDV status will require ongoing testing, tag and test, or check test at the farmer's choice, and continued attention to biosecurity, especially in negative herds that are not vaccinated.
Models for charging in practice: how should farm veterinary surgeons earn their living?
Authors: Atkinson Owen
Published: March 2021

There are many different ways that practices use for charging farm clients for their professional services. Ideally, the model is equitable for veterinary surgeon, client and animal. Different structures can influence how a practice's services are used and which services are successful.

This article, which is an opinion piece, reviews common fee charging structures in UK farm practice. An argument is presented that if practices progressed towards a subscription-style charging model, at least for advisory work, and possibly for out-of-hours emergency work, this could be beneficial to farm businesses, veterinary businesses, farm veterinary surgeons, and the animals under their care.
Evaluating evidence in practice
Authors: Steele Mike
Published: March 2021

Evaluating evidence-based medicine (EBM) techniques can be an extremely rewarding part of the advisory process. The result of applying the ‘best evidence’ approach from a careful appraisal of the scientific literature available and the data from a clinical case, should significantly reduce the risk of an adverse outcome. Sharing the consequences of using a Knowledge Summary with other professionals either within a practice or in a wider field, can make consultation a much more efficient and risk-averse process. Once the value to be obtained from the EBM search is aligned between stakeholders, a project can be built that is both accountable and measurable within the group and clear differences determined, between the start and end of the project. The evaluation process should include all possible parameters, including those from the case and the stakeholders' time saved after improvement has been found. In future, the ability to share the outcome of EBM case management within an online platform could be beneficial to both advisory, farm and companion animal health businesses.
Multi-plane confocal microscopy with multiplexed volume holographic gratings [Invited]
Authors: Chia Chou-Min , Vyas Sunil , Wu Tso-Hua , Yeh J. Andrew , Luo Yuan
Published: March 2021

A volume holographic (VHG) grating-based multi-plane differential confocal microscopy (DCM) is proposed for axial scan-free imaging. Also, we briefly reviewed our previous works on volume holographic-based confocal imaging. We show that without degrading imaging performance, it is possible to simultaneously obtain two depth-resolved optically sectioned images with improved axial resolution using multi-plane DCM. The performance of our multi-plane DCM was evaluated by measuring the surface profile of a silicon micro-hole array with depths separation around 10 µm. The axial sensitivity of the system is around 25 nm. Our system has the advantages of multi-plane imaging with high axial sensitivity and high optical sectioning ability. Our method can be used for reflective surface profiling and multi-plane fluorescence imaging. The present methods may find important applications in surface metrology for label-free biological samples, as well as industrial applications.
Ultrafast soliton mode-locked fiber laser at 1560  nm based on
Znq2 as a saturable absorber
Authors: Salam Sameer , Nizamani Bilal , Azooz Salam M. , Fizza G. , Yasin M. , Harun S. W.
Published: March 2021

A mode-locked fiber laser was developed by using bis(8-hydroxyquinoline) zinc (

Z
n

q

2

) as a saturable absorber (SA).

Z
n

q

2

is an organic metal chelate with several advantages such as good saturable absorption, relatively high damage threshold, and an easy, low-cost, and simple fabrication process. The developed SA based on

Z
n

q

2

has a linear absorption (at 1560 nm), modulation depth, and saturation intensity of 1.2 dB, 16.6 %, and

95

M
W

/

c
m

2

, respectively. The laser cavity produced a very stable soliton mode-locking operation at 1560.6 nm with pulse duration, repetition rate, and SNR of 1.46 ps, 3.5 MHz, and 60.6 dB, respectively. This work is the first, to the best of our knowledge, to report

Z
n

q

2

as a mode locker.
Mid-infrared electro-optic modulator based on a graphene-embedded plasmonic rib waveguide with ultrahigh electro-optic wavelength tuning
Authors: Hou Chenyang , Ma Tao , Gao Jinhui , Liu Heng , Wang Fang
Published: March 2021

A graphene-embedded plasmonic rib waveguide (GEPRW) is designed for the mid-infrared
electro-optic modulator. The mode characteristics and electro-optic
(EO) modulation performances are simulated and optimized by using the
finite element method. The results show that propagation length of

10

3

m
m

and figure of merit of

10

6

are obtained by adjusting the bias
voltage applied to the GEPRW. The EO wavelength tunings are

−

66.69

and

−

78.87

n
m

/

V

for peak

L

and peak

R

in the loss spectra when

w
=

3

µ

m

and

h
1

=

2

µ

m

. For a 100 µm long GEPRW, the
modulation depths of

∼

96.4

,

∼

97.1

,

∼

93.7

, and

∼

94.9

%

, and FWHMs of

∼

30

,

∼

74

,

∼

34

, and

∼

59

n
m

can be achieved when

λ
=

1.55

, 1.87, 1.89, and 2.23 µm. The EO
modulator based on the GEPRW has a wide wavelength tuning range from
1.05 to 2.23 µm. It has high modulation depth, low insertion loss, and
broad bandwidth, which can be used as EO tunable devices such as
optical interconnects and optical switches.
Frequency-tunable terahertz angular selectivity based on a dielectric-graphene multilayer structure
Authors: Wu Feng , Long Yang , Li Hongju , Chen Ying , Pan Meiyan , Wu Xiaohu
Published: March 2021

To achieve frequency-tunable angular selectivity at terahertz frequencies, a tunable epsilon-near-zero (ENZ) metamaterial based on a subwavelength dielectric-graphene multilayer structure is designed. The ENZ frequency of the dielectric-graphene multilayer can be dynamically tuned by the gate voltage applied to graphene. Transmittance angular spectra show that only the incident lights close to normal incidence can propagate through the structure while other incident lights cannot, which indicates that our structure can be utilized for frequency-tunable terahertz angular selection. The optimal directivity

D

reaches 183 and the transmittance at normal incidence reaches 0.462. This multilayer-based tunable terahertz ENZ metamaterial will possess potential application prospects in tunable highly directive antennas.
Raman spectrometer for high precision temperature sensing of
atmospheric gases
Authors: Mashburn Carter , Borysow Jacek
Published: March 2021

We present a highly accurate Raman spectrometer capable of measuring
changes in atmospheric temperature as small as 0.75 K with high
spatial and temporal resolution. The spectrometer is based on a laser
diode tuned to the resonant absorption line of the

85

R
b

isotope near 780.0 nm. A heated glass
cell containing Rb atoms was used as an ultranarrowband atomic
absorption notch filter with

0.3

c

m

−
1

bandwidth and optical density as high
as four. This filter was placed in front of the spectrograph and
blocked up to 99.99% of the elastically scattered laser light, which
made it possible to resolve the pure-rotational Raman spectra of
molecular atmospheric gases. The relative intensities of
pure-rotational Raman transitions were then used to infer atmospheric
temperature changes.
Island feature classification for single-wavelength airborne lidar bathymetry based on full-waveform parameters
Authors: Ji Xue , Tang Qiuhua , Xu Wenxue , Li Jie
Published: March 2021

Because it is lightweight, low cost, and has high sampling density, single-wavelength airborne lidar bathymetry (ALB) is an ideal choice for shallow water measurements. However, due to severe waveform mixing, waveform classification has become the key difficulty in the research of single-wavelength ALB signal detection. Generally, the interaction between a laser and a water column leads to energy attenuation, pulse delay, or broadening of the water waveform, which has a discernible difference between terrestrial laser echo. This work attempts to focus on the morphology features in different waveforms to classify isolated, supersaturated, land, and water waveforms, and obtain a water–land division. The generalized Gaussian model optimized by the Levenberg–Marquardt algorithm (LM-GGM) is driven to extract 38-dimensional waveform parameters, covering different echo signals and their relationships. Ten-dimensional dominant features are selected from the feature matrix based on the random forest feature selection (RFFS) model, and input to the random forest classification model. Experiments show that the overall classification accuracy of the waveform is 97%.
Optimal SMF packing in photonic lanterns: comparing theoretical topology to practical packing arrangements
Authors: Davenport John J. , Diab Momen , Madhav Kalaga , Roth Martin M.
Published: March 2021

Photonic lanterns (PLs) rely on a close packed arrangement of single-mode fibers (SMFs), which are tapered and fused into one multimode core. Topologically optimal circle packing arrangements have been well studied. Using this, we fabricate PLs with 19 and 37 SMFs showing tightly packed, ordered arrangements with packing densities of 95% and 99% of theoretically achievable values, with mean adjacent core separations of 1.03 and 1.08 fiber diameters, respectively. We demonstrate that topological circle packing data is a good predictor for optimal PL parameters.
Modified window function for optically thick samples measured by a terahertz time-domain spectroscopic system using a multimode laser diode
Authors: Morikawa Osamu , Hamada Dai , Ozturk Turgut , Yamamoto Kohji , Kurihara Kazuyoshi , Kuwashima Fumiyoshi , Tani Masahiko
Published: March 2021

A low-cost type terahertz time-domain spectroscopic system can be constituted using a multimode laser diode instead of a pulse laser. To suppress noise, a window function is usually used in the Fourier transformation. When this system is used to measure an optically thick sample, the obtained refractive index shows sinusoidal structures. This is caused by ingress of a signal fragment into the measured range and egress of another signal fragment out of the measured range. In addition, a broad positive background component appears in the imaginary part of the refractive index. This is because of the decreased amplitude of the central structure of the signal, which results from the time shift under the window function caused by sample insertion. These false structures can be eliminated by using a modified window function that is shifted with the signal when the sample is inserted.
Holographic contact lens display that provides focusable images for eyes
Authors: Sano Junpei , Takaki Yasuhiro
Published: March 2021

In this paper, we propose a holographic image generation technique for contact lens displays. The proposed technique employs a phase-only spatial light modulator (SLM), a holographic optical element (HOE) backlight, and a polarizer. The proposed holographic technique can generate 3D images apart from the contact lens displays. Therefore, the eyes can focus on the 3D images while simultaneously observing the real scene through the phase-only SLM and the HOE backlight, which provides see-through capability. A bench-top experimental system was constructed to verify the far-distance image generation capability and see-through function.
Long-range directional transport of valley information from transition metal dichalcogenides via a dielectric waveguide
Authors: Woo Aran , Sung Junghyun , Gong Su-Hyun
Published: March 2021

Understanding the chiral light-matter interaction offers a new way to control the direction of light. Here, we present an unprecedently long-range transport of valley information of a 2D-layered semiconductor via the directional emission through a dielectric waveguide. In the evanescent near field region of the dielectric waveguide, robust and homogeneous transverse optical spin exists regardless of the size of the waveguide. The handedness of transverse optical spin, determined by the direction of guided light mode, leads to the chiral coupling of light with valley-polarized excitons. Experimentally, we demonstrated ultra-low propagation loss which enabled a 16 µm long propagation of directional emission from valley-polarized excitons through a ZnO waveguide. The estimated directionality of exciton emission from a valley was about 0.7. We confirmed that a dielectric waveguide leads to a better performance than does a plasmonic waveguide in terms of both the directional selectivity of guided emission and the efficiency of optical power reaching the ends of the waveguide when a propagation length is greater than ∼10 µm. The proposed dielectric waveguide system represents an essential platform for efficient spin/valley–photon interfaces.