bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Analisis Perbaikan Faktor Daya Pada Tranformator 2500KVA/400V di Bandar Udara I Gusti Ngurah Rai Bali
Authors: Sutama I Wayan , Candra Dodik
Published: September 2023

Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis dampak dari perbaikan factor daya terhadap efisiensi jaringan, penghematan biaya dan juga penambahan beban baru yang dapat dipasang tanpa harus memperbesar kapasitas daya terpasang. Hasil pengukuran faktor daya pada Tranformator 2500kVA/400V LVMSB-CH2 sebesar 0,75 lebih rendah dari faktor daya standar 0,85 yang ditetapkan PLN. Secara keseluruhan faktor daya yang rendah akan membuat tagihan rekening listrik menjadi besar karena juga harus menangung biaya finalty pemakaian daya reaktif yang berlebihan.   Solusi yang ditawarkan adalah memperbaiki factor daya menjadi 0,95 dengan memasang kapasitor bank pada LVMSB-CH2. Berdasarkan analisis konsumsi energi selama 1 bulan pada LVMSB-CH2 sebelum perbaikan faktor daya sebesar 1.015.293,39 kWh dengan efisiensi 93,08%. Setelah dilakukan perbaikan faktor daya menjadi 0,95, konsumsi energi menjadi 988.811,67 kWh dengan efisiensi energi listrik 95,57%. Diperoleh penghematan biaya dari perbaikan faktor daya sebesar Rp 27.429.236,83.  Beban baru yang bisa dipasang sebesar 422 kVA tanpa harus memperbesar kapasitas daya terpasang. Sedangkan untuk melakukan perbaikan faktor daya menjadi 0,95 dibutuhkan Kapasitor Bank  sebesar 829,86 kVAR.
Analisis Kerusakan Jalan Menggunakan Metode Bina Marga 1990 (Studi Kasus Jalan Kapten Agung, Denpasar)
Authors: Budiarnaya Putu
Published: September 2023

Ruas jalan Kapten Agung merupakan jalan kolektor primer yang berfungsi sebagai jalan yang menghubungkan kota tingkat dua dengan kota tingkat dua atau menghubungkan kota tingkat dua dengan kota tingkat tiga (PKJI, 2014) dan merupakan jenis jalan niaga yang tentunya akan banyak kendaraan bermotor yang melewati ruas jalan tersebut. Berdasarkan pengamatan yang dilakukan oleh peneliti, ditemukan beberapa permasalahan yang sering terjadi pada arus lalu lintas di ruas jalan Kapten Agung. Salah satu permasalahan lalu lintas adalah kemacetan yang sering terjadi akibat meningkatnya mobilitas kendaraan yang melewati jalur tersebut yang mengakibatkan beberapa titik ruas jalan mengalami kerusakan. Berdasarkan Analisis Kerusakan perkerasan jalan dengan Metode Bina Marga 1990 dapat ditentukan panjang ruas jalan Kapten Agung adalah 300m. Memiliki nilai kondisi jalan rata-rata 9,5 dengan nilai kondisi jalan 3, sehingga termasuk dalam urutan prioritas 10 yang menunjukkan bahwa jalan Kapten Agung harus masuk dalam program pemeliharaan rutin. Untuk menentukan perbaikan kerusakan ruas jalan Kapten Agung harus diadakan seleksi terhadap jenis dan tingkat kerusakan yang terjadi.
A Study on the Relationship Among Stock fund, Bond Fund and ESG
Authors:   Academic Society of Global Business Administration, Yim Byung Jin , Lee Dong Joon
Published: September 2023

This study is an empirical study on the mutual influence of the bond fund provisions, the stock fund provisions and ESG in South Korea. In this study we used data of since January 7, 2012, the bond fund provisions, the stock fund provisions and ESG in South Korea by May 1, 2023. There are three indicators of the bond fund provisions, the stock fund provisions and ESG in South Korea. We try to analyze the mutual influence and the causality among the bond fund provisions, the stock fund provisions and ESG in South Korea. We wish to analyze the extent of cross-influence ot the bond fund provisions, the stock fund provisions and ESG in South Korea. We employ impulse response function based on VAR model of the bond fund provisions, the stock fund provisions and ESG in South Korea as well as variance decomposition of the bond fund provisions, the stock fund provisions and ESG in South Korea after unit root tests, cointegration test and Granger causality test of the bond fund provisions, the stock fund provisions and ESG in South Korea.
An important result of this study are summarized as follows: First of all, raw time series data of the bond fund provisions, the stock fund provisions and ESG in South Korea has unit roots. Secondly, first differential data of the bond fund provisions, the stock fund provisions and ESG in South Korea has no unit roots. Third, there is at least one cointegration among the bond fund provisions, the stock fund provisions and ESG in South Korea. Fourth, the correlation between of the stock fund provisions and ESG index is 0.086, the correlation between of the bond fund provisions and ESG index is 0.486. Finally, ESG index Granger Cause the stock fund provisions.
R&D investments and corporate carbon emissions: The moderating roles of CEO risk-averse and BOD independence
Authors:   Academic Society of Global Business Administration, Kim Yoon Jin
Published: September 2023

Irreversible and global climate crisis stemmed from saturated carbon dioxide is worsening. Fortunately, enterprises can reduce the CO₂by product and process innovation. Prior studies asserted that several firms utilize environmental innovation strategy to obtain both the carbon and financial performances. R&D investments are heavily linked to the environmental innovation, which is also emphasized by IPCC. This study conducted an empirical analysis aiming to find the influence of corporate R&D investments on carbon emissions, and the moderating effect of CEO risk-averse and BOD independence on the linkage between the two. A total of 211 non-financial American firms during the period from 2012 to 2021 were utilized. The results of the analysis are as follows. First, corporate R&D investments successfully reduced carbon emissions through environmental innovation. Second, the negative relation between R&D investments and carbon emissions was strengthened if the CEO risk-averse, measured by the CEO debt-equity ratio, lowers and the BOD independence, measured by the non-executive director ratio, rises. Third, conducting separate empirical analysis during the period of the COVID-19 pandemic, the weakening effect of CEO risk-averse on the relationship between R&D investments and carbon emissions was amplified. The findings of this study supplemented additional evidence insisting on the importance of R&D investments for carbon reduction. Furthermore, the study illuminated the governance mix of CEO compensation and BOD independence for the strengthened relation between R&D investments and carbon reduction. It can be expected that BOD may complement the irrational decision-making of the CEO.
Introduction of the validity limit (cap) regulation for the duration of the extended pharmaceutical patent
Authors:   Legal Research Institute of Chonnam National University, KWON Chihyun
Published: September 2023

The current patent law stipulates that the period required to obtain a drug product license under the Pharmaceutical Affairs Act is regarded as a period in which a drug patent holder could not carry out a drug patent invention for a business and the duration can be extended up to a maximum of five years. However, there is no regulation on the validity limit (cap) of the duration for the combined period the extended duration and the residual duration.
As a result, regardless of the date on which the drug is licensed, the drug patent holder receives an extension of the duration of up to five years and controls the drug market with an exclusive status. Meanwhile, generic pharmaceutical companies do not have a cap on the validity of the extended duration, so entry into the market of generic (or biosimilar) drugs may be restricted for a long time. There is a problem that the market supply of cheap generic drugs is delayed, which rather hinders the promotion of national health.
Under the current regulation that the duration can be extended for up to five years as a way to solve these problems, like the United States, the EU, and China, it is necessary to introduce a maximum valid limit (cap) regulation in the Patent Act that the combined period of “extended duration” and “residual duration” cannot exceed a certain period (e.g., 14 years).
IDENTIFICATION OF UNKNOWN PARAMETERS OF THE DYNAMIC MODEL OF MASS TRANSFER
Authors: Zavialov Volodymyr , Lobok Oleksii , Mysiura Taras , Popova Nataliia , Chornyi Valentyn , Pohorilyi Taras
Published: September 2023

An iterative algorithm for identifying unknown parameters of a mathematical model based on the Bayesian approach is proposed, which makes it possible to determine the most probable maximum informative estimates of these parameters. The example of the mathematical model of mass transfer dynamics shows the algorithm for finding the most probable and most informative estimate of the vector of unknown parameters, and also an analysis of the sequence of the corresponding steps is given. The results of computational experiments showed a significant dependence of the results of the calculations on the choice of the initial approximation point and slowing down the rate of convergence of the iterative process (and even its divergence) with an unsuccessful choice of the initial approximation. The validity of the obtained results is provided by analytical conclusions, the results of computational experiments, and statistical modeling. The results of computational experiments make it possible to assert that the proposed algorithm has a sufficiently high convergence for a given degree of accuracy and makes it possible to derive not only estimates of point values of mathematical model parameters based on a posteriori analysis, but also confidence intervals of these estimates. At the same time, it should be noted that the results of calculations depend significantly on the choice of the initial approximation point and the slowing of the convergence rate of the iterative process with an unsuccessful choice of the initial approximation. Analytical studies and results of calculations confirm the effectiveness of the proposed identification algorithm, which makes it possible, with the help of active, purposeful experiments, to build more accurate mathematical models. In accordance with the algorithm, a program was developed in the MatLab mathematics package and computational experiments were performed.
CONVERGENCE OF A VARIATIONAL ITERATIVE ALGORITHM FOR NONLOCAL VIBRATIONS ANALYSIS OF A NANOTUBE CONVEYING FLUID
Authors: Martin Olga
Published: September 2023

The amplitudes of the forced oscillations of a nano-structure conveying fluid are the solutions of an inhomogeneous integral-differential system. This is solved by an easily accessible scheme based on the variational iteration method (VIM), Galerkin’s method and the Laplace transform techniques. The presented method is accompanied by the study of the convergence of the iterative process and of the errors. In the literature, the dynamic response of a viscoelastic nanotube conveying fluid is frequently obtained by an iterative method. This leads to the double convolution products, whose presence will be avoided in the new method proposed in this paper. Thus, the numerical results will be obtained much faster and more accurately.
A REPRODUCING KERNEL METHOD FOR SOLVING SINGULARLY PERTURBED DELAY PARABOLIC PARTIAL DIFFERENTIAL EQUATIONS
Authors: Xie Ruifeng , Zhang Jian , Niu Jing , Li Wen , Yao Guangming
Published: September 2023

In this article, we put forward an efficient method on the foundation of a few reproducing kernel spaces(RK-spaces) and the collocation method to seek the solution of delay parabolic partial differential equations(PDEs) with singular perturbation. The approximated solution to the equations is formulated and proved the exact solution is uniformly convergent by the solution. Furthermore, the partial differentiation of the approximated solution is also proved the partial derivatives of the exact solution is uniformly convergent by the solution. Meanwhile, we show that the accuracy of our method is in the order of T/n where T is the final time and n is the number of spatial (and time) discretization in the domain of interests. Three numerical examples are put forward to demonstrate the effectiveness of our presented scheme.
ExoGemS High-resolution Transmission Spectroscopy of WASP-76b with GRACES
Authors: Deibert Emily K. , de Mooij Ernst J. W. , Jayawardhana Ray , Turner Jake D. , Ridden-Harper Andrew , Hood Callie E. , Fortney Jonathan J. , Flagg Laura , Fossati Luca , Allart Romain , Brogi Matteo , MacDonald Ryan J.
Published: September 2023

We present high-resolution transmission spectroscopy of WASP-76b with Gemini Remote Access to CFHT ESPaDOnS Spectrograph (GRACES)/Gemini North obtained as part of the ExoGemS survey. With a broad spectral range of 400–1050 nm and a relatively high resolution of ∼66,000, these observations are particularly well suited to searching for atomic and molecular atmospheric species via the Doppler cross-correlation technique. We recover absorption features due to neutral iron (Fe i), sodium (Na i), and ionized calcium (Ca ii) at high significance (>5σ), and investigate possible atmospheric temperatures and wind speeds. We also report tentative (>3σ) detections of Li i, K i, Cr i, and V i in the atmosphere of WASP-76b. Finally, we report nondetections of a number of other species, some of which have previously been detected with other instruments. Through model injection/recovery tests, we demonstrate that many of these species are not expected to be detected in our observations. These results allow us to place GRACES and the ExoGemS survey in context with other high-resolution optical spectrographs.
Detecting Multiplanetary Systems with Gravitational Microlensing and the Roman Space Telescope
Authors: Fatheddin Hossein , Sajadian Sedighe
Published: September 2023

It is plausible that most of the Stars in the Milky Way Galaxy, like the Sun, consist of planetary systems, instead of a single planet. Out of the estimately discovered 3980 planet-hosting stars, about 860 of them are known to be multiplanetary systems (as of 2023 June). Gravitational microlensing, which is the magnification in the light of a source star, due to a single or several lenses, has proven to be one of the most useful astrophysical phenomena with many applications. Until now, many extrasolar planets (exoplanets) have been discovered through binary microlensing, where the lens system consists of a star with one planet. In this paper, we discuss and explore the detection of multiplanetary systems that host two exoplanets via microlensing. This is done through the analysis and modeling of possible triple-lens configurations (one star and two planets) of a microlensing event. Furthermore, we examine different magnifications and caustic areas of the second planet, by comparing the magnification maps of triple and binary models in different settings. We also discuss the possibility of detecting the corresponding light curves of such planetary systems with the future implementation of the Nancy Grace Roman (Roman) Space Telescope and its Galactic Time Domain survey.
Speckle Interferometry at SOAR in 2022
Authors: Mason Brian D. , Tokovinin Andrei , Mendez Rene A. , Costa Edgardo
Published: September 2023

Results of the speckle-interferometry observations at the 4.1 m SOuthern Astrophysical Research Telescope obtained during 2022 are presented: 2508 measurements of 1925 resolved pairs or subsystems and 785 nonresolutions of 611 targets; 26 pairs are resolved here for the first time. This work continues our long-term effort to monitor orbital motion in close binaries and hierarchical systems. A large number of orbits have been updated using these measurements.
Structure, Kinematics, and Observability of the Large Magellanic Cloud’s Dynamical Friction Wake in Cold versus Fuzzy Dark Matter
Authors: Foote Hayden R. , Besla Gurtina , Mocz Philip , Garavito-Camargo Nicolás , Lancaster Lachlan , Sparre Martin , Cunningham Emily C. , Vogelsberger Mark , Gómez Facundo A. , Laporte Chervin F. P.
Published: September 2023

The Large Magellanic Cloud (LMC) will induce a dynamical friction (DF) wake on infall to the Milky Way (MW). The MW’s stellar halo will respond to the gravity of the LMC and the dark matter (DM) wake, forming a stellar counterpart to the DM wake. This provides a novel opportunity to constrain the properties of the DM particle. We present a suite of high-resolution, windtunnel-style simulations of the LMC's DF wake that compare the structure, kinematics, and stellar tracer response of the DM wake in cold DM (CDM), with and without self-gravity, versus fuzzy DM (FDM) with m

a
= 10−23 eV. We conclude that the self-gravity of the DM wake cannot be ignored. Its inclusion raises the wake’s density by ∼10%, and holds the wake together over larger distances (∼50 kpc) than if self-gravity is ignored. The DM wake’s mass is comparable to the LMC’s infall mass, meaning the DM wake is a significant perturber to the dynamics of MW halo tracers. An FDM wake is more granular in structure and is ∼20% dynamically colder than a CDM wake, but with comparable density. The granularity of an FDM wake increases the stars’ kinematic response at the percent level compared to CDM, providing a possible avenue of distinguishing a CDM versus FDM wake. This underscores the need for kinematic measurements of stars in the stellar halo at distances of 70–100 kpc.
Gravitational Wave Eigenfrequencies from Neutrino-driven Core-collapse Supernovae
Authors: Wolfe Noah E. , Fröhlich Carla , Miller Jonah M. , Torres-Forné Alejandro , Cerdá-Durán Pablo
Published: September 2023

Core-collapse supernovae (CCSNe) are predicted to produce gravitational waves (GWs) that may be detectable by Advanced LIGO/Virgo. These GW signals carry information from the heart of these cataclysmic events, where matter reaches nuclear densities. Recent studies have shown that it may be possible to infer the properties of the proto-neutron star (PNS) via GWs generated by hydrodynamic perturbations of the PNS. However, we lack a comprehensive understanding of how these relationships may change with the properties of CCSNe. In this work, we build a self-consistent suite of over 1000 exploding CCSNe from a grid of progenitor masses and metallicities combined with six different nuclear equations of state (EOS). Performing a linear perturbation analysis on each model, we compute the resonant GW frequencies of the PNS, and we motivate a time-agnostic method for identifying characteristic frequencies of the dominant GW emission. From this, we identify two characteristic frequencies, of the early- and late-time signal, that measure the surface gravity of the cold remnant neutron star, and simultaneously constrain the hot nuclear EOS. However, we find that the details of the CCSN model, such as the treatment of gravity or the neutrino transport, and whether it explodes, noticeably change the magnitude and evolution of the PNS eigenfrequencies.
The GMRT High Resolution Southern Sky Survey for Pulsars and Transients. VI. Discovery of Nulling, Localization, and Timing of PSR J1244–4708
Authors: Singh S. , Roy J. , Sharma Shyam S. , Bhattacharyya B. , Kudale S.
Published: September 2023

Many pulsars in the known population exhibit nulling, which is characterized by a sudden cessation and subsequent restoration of radio emission. In this work, we present the localization, timing, and emission properties of a pulsar discovered by the GMRT High Resolution Southern Sky survey: J1244–4708. Moreover, we find that this pulsar shows nulling, with a nulling fraction close to 60%. A quasiperiodicity is also seen in the nulling from this pulsar with two timescales. We demonstrate the broadband nature of nulling in this pulsar using simultaneous observations in band-3 (300–500 MHz) and band-4 (550–750 MHz) with the upgraded GMRT. We also present a comparison of the efficiency of various search approaches such as single pulse search, fast folding algorithm (FFA)–based search, and fast Fourier transform–based search to search for nulling pulsars. We demonstrated that the FFA search is advantageous for detecting extreme nulling pulsars, which is also confirmed with multiple epochs of observations for the nulling pulsars using the GMRT.
XMM-Newton Observations of Two Archival X-Ray Weak Type 1 Quasars: Obscuration Induced X-Ray Weakness and Variability
Authors: Zhang Zijian , Luo Bin , Brandt W. N. , Du Pu , Hu Chen , Huang Jian , Pu Xingting , Wang Jian-Min , Yi Weimin
Published: September 2023

We report XMM-Newton observations of two examples of an unclassified type of X-ray weak quasars from the Pu et al. survey of X-ray weak quasars in the Chandra archive, SDSS J083116.62+321329.6 at z = 1.797 and SDSS J142339.87+042041.1 at z = 1.702. They do not belong to the known populations of X-ray weak quasars that show broad absorption lines, weak ultraviolet (UV) broad emission lines, or red optical/UV continua. Instead, they display typical quasar UV spectra and spectral energy distributions. In the XMM-Newton observations, both quasars show nominal levels of X-ray emission with typical quasar X-ray spectral shapes (power-law photon indices of

1.99

−
0.23

+
0.27

and

1.86

−
0.14

+
0.15

), displaying strong X-ray variability compared to the archival Chandra data (variability factors of

4.0

−
1.4

+
1.6

and

9.0

−
3.8

+
7.4

in terms of the 2 keV flux density). Simultaneous optical (rest-frame UV) spectra indicate no strong variability compared to the archival spectra. Long-term optical/UV and infrared light curves do not show any substantial variability either. We consider that the X-ray weakness observed in the Chandra data is due to X-ray obscuration from a small-scale dust-free absorber, likely related to accretion-disk winds. Such X-ray weak/absorbed states are probably rare in typical quasars, and thus both targets recovered to X-ray nominal-strength states in the XMM-Newton observations.
Rapid Formation of Gas-giant Planets via Collisional Coagulation from Dust Grains to Planetary Cores. II. Dependence on Pebble Bulk Density and Disk Temperature
Authors: Kobayashi Hiroshi , Tanaka Hidekazu
Published: September 2023

Thanks to “dust-to-planet” simulations (DTPSs), which treat the collisional evolution directly from dust to giant-planet cores in a protoplanetary disk, we showed that giant-planet cores are formed in ≲10 au in several 105 yr, because porous pebbles grow into planetesimals via collisions prior to drift in 10 au. However, such porous pebbles are unlikely to reproduce the polarized millimeter wavelength light observed from protoplanetary disks. We thus investigate gas-giant core formation with nonporous pebbles via DTPSs. Even nonporous bodies can grow into planetesimals and massive cores that are possible to be gas giants are also formed in several 105 yr. The rapid core formation is mainly via the accretion of planetesimals produced by collisional coagulation of pebbles drifting from the outer disk. The formation mechanism is similar to the case with porous pebbles, while core formation occurs in a wider region (5–10 au) than that with porous pebbles. Although pebble growth and core formation depend on the disk temperature, core formation is likely to occur with disk temperatures in typical optical thick disks around protostars.
Energy Dissipation in Magnetic Islands Formed during Magnetic Reconnection
Authors: Lu Quanming , Huang Kai , Guan Yundan , Lu San , Wang Rongsheng
Published: September 2023

Magnetic reconnection converts magnetic energy into particle kinetic energy, and satellite observations have shown that 20%–50% of magnetic energy is channeled into electron kinetic energy. How such a large amount of magnetic energy is dissipated into electron kinetic energy is in debate. In this paper, by performing a large-scale 2D particle-in-cell simulation of magnetic reconnection with a guide field, we find that there exist both ion and electron shear flows in magnetic islands formed during magnetic reconnection, which are unstable to the ion and electron Kelvin–Helmholtz (K-H) instabilities. With the development of the K-H instabilities, the magnetic field lines are twisted in these magnetic islands, and intensified electron-scale current sheets are consequently generated. We quantitatively analyze the energy dissipation during such a process in magnetic islands and find that electrons obtain kinetic energy from the magnetic field while ion kinetic energy is transferred into magnetic energy. At last, it results that about 42% of magnetic energy is dissipated into electron kinetic energy in the whole process of magnetic reconnection. Our results help us better understand why a large amount of magnetic energy can be dissipated into electron kinetic energy.
Formation of CO2 Driven by Photochemistry of Water Ice Mixed with Carbon Grains
Authors: Potapov Alexey , Semenov Dmitry , Jäger Cornelia , Henning Thomas
Published: September 2023

We present results on photochemistry of carbon-grains/water-ice mixtures at temperatures from 10 to 150 K. Such a temperature range corresponds to the physical conditions found in molecular clouds, hot cores and corinos, protostellar envelopes, and planet-forming and debris disks. We demonstrate that UV irradiation of carbon-grains/water-ice mixtures leads to the formation of CO2, which, beyond the desorption temperature of CO2 partly escapes into the gas phase, and partly remains trapped on the surface of grains. Thus, we present the first direct evidence of the efficient formation of CO2 on carbon surfaces covered by water ice at high temperatures (up to 150 K) leading to a conclusion that the known low-temperature formation route of CO2 remains valid at high temperatures as long as H2O is present on carbon grains. Moreover, we demonstrate an improved capability of the dust-surface/crystalline-water-ice interface (as compared to amorphous water ice) to trap CO2 in the solid state well above the CO2 desorption temperature. The high-temperature chemical pathway to CO2 may lead to the chemical erosion of carbonaceous grains in planet-forming disks, providing an alternative explanation of the loss of solid carbon in the innermost disk regions that resulted in the formation of carbon-poor Earth and other terrestrial planets in the solar system.
Electron-impact Excitation of Pt i–iii: The Importance of Metastables and Collision Processes in Neutron Star Merger and Laboratory Plasmas
Authors: Bromley S. J. , McCann M. , Loch S. D. , Ballance C. P.
Published: September 2023

The detection of a gravitational-wave signal and subsequent electromagnetic transient from a neutron star merger in 2017 is consistent with expectations of neutron star mergers as an r-process element production site. Within the first few days post-merger, the kilonova spectra are consistent with a blackbody illuminating a mix of heavy, r-process elements. With increasing time, the kilonova transitions to the non-LTE regime where the level populations and ionization balance are determined by both collisional and photoprocesses. Detailed cross section data for electron-impact processes involving the relevant species are often not available. In such circumstances, it is reasonable to use approximate methods as baseline data for use in spectral modeling, and it is useful to evaluate the accuracy of such methods against more sophisticated collision calculations when possible. We describe new calculations of the electron-impact excitation cross sections of Pt i–iIi using the DARC R-matrix codes. Using collisional-radiative models, we show that, at plasma conditions expected in kilonovae, the expressions of van Regemorter and Axelrod are insufficient for producing electron-impact excitation data for complex, heavy species such as the low charge states of Pt. Through comparisons with data generated with the relativistic distorted wave approach, as implemented in the Flexible Atomic Code, we show the distorted wave method produces cross section data that, when incorporated into spectral models, predicts strong spectral feature distributions similar in intensity to those from models built on data computed with the R-matrix approach for the considered ions and plasma conditions.
A Luminous Precursor in the Extremely Bright GRB 230307A
Authors: Dichiara S. , Tsang D. , Troja E. , Neill D. , Norris J. P. , Yang Y.-H.
Published: September 2023

GRB 230307A is an extremely bright long-duration GRB with an observed gamma-ray fluence of ≳3 × 10−3 erg cm−2 (10–1000 keV), second only to GRB 221009A. Despite its long duration, it is possibly associated with a kilonova, thus resembling the case of GRB 211211A. In analogy with GRB 211211A, we distinguish three phases in the prompt gamma-ray emission of GRB 230307A: an initial short duration, spectrally soft emission; a main long duration, spectrally hard burst; and a temporally extended and spectrally soft tail. We interpret the initial soft pulse as a bright precursor to the main burst and compare its properties with models of precursors from compact binary mergers. We find that to explain the brightness of GRB 230307A, a magnetar-like (≳1015 G) magnetic field should be retained by the progenitor neutron star. Alternatively, in the postmerger scenario, the luminous precursor could point to the formation of a rapidly rotating massive neutron star.
Venomius, a new monotypic genus of Australian orb-weaving spiders (Araneae, Araneidae)
Authors: Rossi Giullia de F. , Castanheira Pedro de S. , Baptista Renner L. C. , Framenau Volker W.
Published: September 2023

A new monotypic Australian genus in the orb-weaving spider family Araneidae Clerck, 1757 is described, Venomiusgen. nov., with V. tomhardyisp. nov. as type species. Somatically, Venomiusgen. nov. is similar to the typical leaf-curling orb-weaving spiders, such as Phonognatha Simon, 1894 or Leviana Framenau & Kuntner, 2022, due to a similar elongate cylindrical abdomen and colouration; however, the genital morphology of the new genus is very different. Most unusual are the presence of two strong macrosetae on the male pedipalp tibia. Male pedipalp sclerites are complex, with diagnostic characters including the tibial macrosetae and a keeled median and a rounded basal process on the stipes. The epigyne of females is wholly covered by the scape that has a short median process. Venomius tomhardyigen. nov. et sp. nov. has been collected in southern Australia, from Tasmania to Western Australia, where it builds a circular, vertical orb-web. Spiders often hide in silk-lined hollows in branches of trees when disturbed during the day.
A study of the mealybug genus Planococcus Ferris, 1950 from China, with description of a new species (Hemiptera, Coccomorpha, Pseudococcidae)
Authors: Zhang Jiangtao , Deng Jun
Published: September 2023

A study of the mealybug genus Planococcus Ferris, 1950 (Hemiptera, Coccomorpha, Pseudococcidae) known from China is presented and 12 species are recognised. Of these, Planococcus camelliae Zhang, sp. nov. is described as new to science based on the morphology of the adult female, and P. bambusifolii (Takahashi, 1951) is recorded from China for the first time. Molecular analyses based on the mitochondrial gene cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI) of the new species and a key to species of the genus Planococcus in China are also given.
Les politiques du « vieillissement actif » dans le secteur bancaire en Suisse
Authors: Le Feuvre Nicky , Rougier Nathalie
Published: September 2023

Historiquement, le secteur bancaire suisse a externalisé le vieillissement au travail, principalement par le biais de mesures de retraite anticipée pour les cadres (hommes), de réduction du temps de travail en fin de carrière ou de plans sociaux ciblant les employé·es les plus âgé·es. Après le départ d’une partie disproportionnée des plus de 50 ans au cours des années 2000, il y a quelques signes d’un engagement récent des banques suisses en faveur du « vieillissement actif », c’est-à-dire le maintien en emploi des salarié·es âgé·es. Cet article examine ce changement d’orientation. À partir d’entretiens menés avec des travailleurs et travailleuses âgé·es (50+), des managers et responsables RH, ainsi que de l’analyse des rapports officiels, nous explorons les politiques de gestion de l’âge adoptées dans deux grandes banques suisses. L’analyse permet de montrer que le discours officiel en faveur d’une prolongation de la vie active s’adosse à une vision négative du vieillissement au travail, qui est associé à l’obsolescence des compétences et aux difficultés d’adaptation au changement, organisationnel ou technologique. Logiquement, les travailleurs et travailleuses âgé·es sont sceptiques quant à la sincérité de ce changement de politique et prennent leurs distances à l’égard de ces initiatives. Nous montrons que l’évacuation historique des seniors du secteur bancaire helvète a laissé des traces profondes dans les esprits. Dans ce contexte spécifique, l’adoption de politiques de « gestion de l’âge » tend à être perçue comme une nouvelle forme de discrimination à l’égard des seniors.
Region of variablity for Bazilevic functions
Authors: Bukhari Syed Zakar Hussain , Wanas Abbas Kareem , Abdalla Mohamed , Zafar Sidra
Published: September 2023

Let $ \mathcal{H} $ be the family of analytic functions defined in an open unit disk $ \mathbb{U = }\left \{ z:|z| < 1\right \} $ and

   \begin{document}$ \mathcal{A} = \left \{ f\in \mathcal{H}:f(0) = f^{^{\prime}}(0)-1 = 0, { \ \ \ \ \ }(z\in \mathbb{U})\right \} . $\end{document}

For $ A\in \mathbb{C}, B\in \lbrack-1, 0) $ and $ \gamma \in \left(\frac{-\pi} {2}, \frac{\pi}{2}\right), $ a function $ h\in $ $ \mathcal{P}_{\gamma}[\xi, A;B] $ can be written as:

   \begin{document}$ h(z) = \cos \gamma \frac{1+A\omega(z)}{1+B\omega(z)}+i\sin \gamma, \qquad (\omega(0) = 0, \left \vert \omega(z)\right \vert <1, z\in \mathbb{U}), $\end{document}

where $ \xi = \omega^{\prime}\left(0\right) \in \overline{\mathbb{U}} $. The family $ \mathcal{B}_{\gamma}\left[\psi, \xi, \beta, A;B\right] $ contains analytic functions $ f $ in $ \mathbb{U} $ such that

   \begin{document}$ \frac{e^{i\gamma}zf^{\prime}(z)}{\left[ f\left( z\right) \right] ^{1-\beta}\left[ \psi(z)\right] ^{\beta}}\in \mathcal{P}_{\gamma}[\xi, A;B], $\end{document}

where $ \psi $ is a starlike function. In this research, we find the region of variability denoted by $ \mathcal{V}_{\gamma}[\psi, z_{0}, \xi, A;B] $ for $ f\left(z_{0}\right) $, where $ f $ is ranging over the family $ \mathcal{B}_{\gamma}\left[\psi, \xi, \beta, A;B\right] $ for any fixed $ z_{0}\in \mathbb{U} $ and $ \xi \in \overline{\mathbb{U}}. $
Reconsidération d’Orgnac 3 dans le temps et l’espace : implications pour la reconstruction des origines néandertaliennes – version abrégée
Authors: Lewis Jason E. , Combier† Jean , Slimak Ludovic
Published: September 2023

L’un des objectifs importants de la recherche paléoanthropologique et archéologique est de clarifier les données qui restent encore mal cernées du Pléistocène moyen (PM). Combler les lacunes du PM eurasiatique nous permet de mieux comprendre l'évolution comportementale et biologique des humains archaïques, des Néandertaliens, des Denisoviens, et de leurs ancêtres. Orgnac 3, situé en France méditerranéenne, est particulièrement adapté pour aborder ces questions. Cet article présente le site à de nouveaux lecteurs, résume les travaux antérieurs réalisés sur le site et son matériel, et propose différents points de vue fondés sur une nouvelle analyse de son matériel faunique. Sur la base des éléments de démonstration actuellement disponibles, il faut envisager que la séquence d'Orgnac 3 soit probablement beaucoup plus ancienne que ce qui est généralement accepté. Cette vaste séquence pourrait ainsi dater des OIS 12-8, et non seulement des OIS 9-8 comme cela a été traditionnellement proposé. Les dents d'homininés, qui n'ont pas été décrites en détail ni assignées à un taxon, dateraient d'environ 375 à 400 000 ans, période centrale du débat sur la divergence entre les populations néandertalienne, dénisovienne et humaine moderne. Des analyses plus exactes et plus précises du matériel paléontologique, archéologique et géologique d'Orgnac 3 sont nécessaires pour clarifier notre compréhension de l'évolution des homininés pendant le PM.
Effect of physical activity on long COVID fatigue: an unsolved enigma
Authors: Coscia Francesco , Di Filippo Ester Sara , Gigliotti Paola Virginia , Fano Illic Giorgio
Published: September 2023

Covid-19 disease is well documented and often the most common symptoms include myalgia and muscle fatigue. Approximately 10% of those infected complain of persistent fatigue even many months after the end of the acute phase of the disease. This gives rise to a condition different from the previous one and commonly known as 'post-acute COVID-19 syndrome' or simply Long-COVID. Although the origin of muscle fatigue is multifactorial, the state of prolonged fatigue observed in the Long-COVID syndrome suggests the existence of a possible state of atrophy or rather acute sarcopenia. Under these conditions, the use of physical activity programs can effectively counteract the state of atrophy underlying the fatigue phenomena observed. If this is also the situation during the Long-COVID, the muscular symptom should be positively influenced by the administration of programmed physical activity cycles. In fact, in patients with Long-COVID, the few published papers seem to indicate that patients who are physically active and who make an effort to engage in physical activity even during the illness have decreased duration and intensity of the illness. However, analysis of the studies in the literature also suggests that a small percentage of people with Long-COVID do not appear to benefit from the application of physical activity programs, so further studies on homogeneous samples are needed to provide a firm answer to the question: can planned physical activity help patients during the pathological course of Long-COVID?
Novel Coronavirus disease (COVID-19): physiology to pathophysiology and therapeutics including herbal medicines
Authors: Waseem Shah Mohammad Abbas , Mehdi Syed Haider Husaini
Published: September 2023

COVID-19 emerged as a public health emergency of international concern in 2019 and spread globally. The spectrum of the diseases varied from asymptomatic to severe, even resulting in mortality. Gender and pre-existing co-morbidities were identifiable risk factors. Diabetes, hypertension, and chronic respiratory and cardiovascular diseases pose a risk of severe infections and manifestations. The vulnerability was due to ACE 2 receptors, thereby enhancing the entry and subsequent multiplication of the virus. Immune responses acted as the two-way sword, with cytokine storms posing a risk of severe complications. COVID-19 is also associated with long-term effects varying from neuropsychiatric to other complications. Mutations are expected to pose a challenge in the future. The second wave was also related to fungal infections due to varied causes like side effects of treatment and opportunistic infection due to immune suppression from using steroids. Naturopathy is also expected to work wonders. However, scientific and evidence-based results are required. COVID combat requires a multi-level approach. Nutrition and strict adherence to health and hygiene are essential preventive strategies.
Physicochemical and microbiological attributes of dried anchovies (Stolephorus commersonnii) in the formation of histamine along the supply chain
Authors: Amascual Ruel Hermo , Panganoron Harold , Gamba Andrew , Irene Elmer
Published: September 2023

Ensuring food safety along the supply chain must be safeguarded to protect the public's health from any foodborne disease. Scombroid poisoning is a less studied occurrence despite the consumption of fish products. This study was formulated to evaluate at which stage of the supply chain the increase in the histamine content of dried anchovies (Stolephorus commersonnii) occurs. The study showed that histamine substances and Staphylococcus aureus were detected at all stages along the supply chain. It was also found that the concentration of histamine generally increased from the fisherman to the processors and retailers. Post-hoc analysis using the Fisher test showed no significant difference in the histamine content of dried anchovies from the processing centers (=54.07 mg/kg) and retailers (=67.63 mg/kg) but significantly higher than the raw anchovies (=8.29 mg/kg). For S. aureus, it remains low at <10 colony-forming units (CFU/g). The aerobic plate count supports this conclusion with a 90.29% increase from the processing center to the retailers. However, it is still significant as a source of histamine formation influenced by water activity and salt content. A correlation between salt content and water activity with histamine content was identified with a Pearson correlation coefficient of 0.8357. It is recommended to review the processing method to control salt content and the handling and storage in the retailers, as they showed the highest potential for histamine-forming bacteria growth, leading to an increase in histamine levels in dried anchovies.
Phototherapy (photobiomodulation) for peripheral nerve and muscle injury
Authors: Rochkind Shimon
Published: September 2023

Severe peripheral nerve and muscle injuries are a highly prevalent condition for both civilians and military personnel caused by traffic accidents, work injuries, acts of violence, as well as combat events.

Peripheral nerve injury is a substantial problem that annually affects more than several millions of people all over the world. For most patients who suffer from severe peripheral nerve injuries spontaneous recovery may eventually occur, but it is slow and frequently incomplete. Effective posttraumatic nerve repair and decrease or prevention of corresponding muscle atrophy remain a great challenge to restorative medicine. A certain clinical interest began to appear in the potential therapeutic value of laser phototherapy (new name – laser photobiomodulation) for regeneration enhancement of injured peripheral nerve as well as for restoration or prevention of denervated muscle atrophy. Although a pioneering report regarding the effects of laser phototherapy on the regeneration of traumatically injured peripheral nerves was published in the late 1970s,1 it is only since the end of past century - early 2000s that scientific interest in this therapeutic approach for neural rehabilitation has appeared, leading to publication of several studies that have shown positive effects of phototherapy on peripheral nerve regeneration.2 [...]
Review of patients discharged post thoracic surgery with chest drain in situ and nurse-based follow-up clinic
Authors: Aljanadi Firas , Strickland Jonathan , Montgomery Liana , Jones Mark
Published: September 2023

Persistent air leak and prolonged drainage are recognized complications of thoracic surgery, increasing hospital stay and costs. Patients can be discharged with a chest drain and followed up in a nurse-led clinic. We reviewed such patients and the rate of readmission after discharge to assess the effectiveness of the drain follow up clinic. Retrospective review of our prospective database for 22 months (March 2019 to January 2021). Analysis focussed on indication and duration of chest drainage, complications, and readmission for any reason. 62 patients (representing 5% of all thoracic surgery patients) were discharged with a chest drain. Median age was 67 years (range 22-85 years), 24 females and 38 males. 52% underwent video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery, 27% had a thoracotomy, and 21% had bedside chest drain insertion. Following discharge, median duration of chest drainage was 11 days [interquartile range (IQR) 7-18.75 days]. Patients had 106 review episodes in the ward-based nurse-led clinic. Indication was prolonged air leak (71 %; 72 clinic reviews), persistent fluid drainage following empyema evacuation (16%; 24 clinic reviews) and persistent fluid drainage for simple effusion (13%; 10 clinic reviews). Median length of drain stay was 30 days (IQR 19.75-54 days) for empyema, 10 days (IQR 6-16 days) for air leak and 8 days (IQR 6.5-12 days) days for simple effusion. 9 patients required readmission (14.5%) and empyema had developed in 3 patients (4.8%). Patients discharged with a chest drain in place can be followed up in a dedicated ward-based nurse-led monitoring clinic for optimal quality of care.
Undergraduate medical students’ self-perceived knowledge and attitude toward health disparities
Authors: Yi Yew Q , Amber Aashika B , Dhaarsinii Hema , Ravichandran Ruhan D , Parmar Kareena K , Htay Mila N N , Moe Soe , Soe Htoo Htoo Kyaw
Published: September 2023

Context:

Good health and well-being for all constitute the third sustainable development goal established by the United Nations which aims to ensure healthy lives and promote well-being for everyone at all ages. However, health disparities are a rampant yet often neglected issue in many nations across the world.

Aims:

We aimed to determine medical students’ self-perceived knowledge and attitude toward health disparities as well as the association among gender, ethnicity, family income, and self-perceived health disparities.

Settings and Design:

A cross-sectional study was conducted among medical students of private medical university in Malaysia.

Materials and Methods:

Online questionnaire was distributed. A total of 123 students participated. Statistical analysis used: Chi-Squared test and Fisher exact test were calculated.

Results:

60.97% of the medical students agreed that they would be able to demonstrate empathy toward multiple difficulties faced by patients from underserved populations. There were significant associations between students’ family income and medical students’ comfort of addressing health issues in six underserved populations such as immigrants and refugees (P = 0.005), lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, and queer community (P = 0.001), homeless (P = 0.018), incarcerated individuals (P = 0.003), those who are mentally ill or those with substance abuse (P < 0.001), and veterans (P = 0.029).

Conclusions:

Most of the students had adequate knowledge, positive attitudes, and a good holistic self-perception toward health disparities. We recommended medical institutes to provide learning environments for student to be exposed to underserved populations which will help to strengthen students’ attitudes and commitment to underserved communities.
Conventional lymphangiography and radiological intervention in a patient with chyle leak
Authors: Nair Mohanan Nair Manish , Kannan Ramiah Rajesh , Sreekumar Karumathil Pullara , Chandrasekharan Rajsekar
Published: September 2023

Conventional lymphangiography uses Lipiodol, an oil based viscous contrast medium. Lipiodol is injected into the lymphnode and the opacified lymphatic channels are visualized under fluoroscopy. This case report is of a 40 yrs old female patient, who had extensive chylous ascites due to post surgical lymphatic channel interruption and leak. The diagnosis was confirmed with Conventional lymphangiogram and the leaking channel was successfully embolized with glue cast.
Extraluminal migration of a foreign body: A bolt from the blue
Authors: Abraham Sania M , Bhate Janhvi J , Faizal Bini
Published: September 2023

One of the most frequently encountered emergencies in otolaryngology practice is ingested foreign body. In most cases, patients present within the first 24–48 h of ingestion with complaints of foreign body sensation or difficulty in swallowing. Few of these foreign bodies can perforate the upper digestive tract and an even smaller number of these can migrate extraluminally. The late presentation may result in more life-threatening complications such as neck abscess, mediastinitis or perforation, and injury to the common carotid artery. Here, we report a rare case of fish bone migration to the thyroid gland.