bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Mulinum spinosum y la carne de cordero: detección de su presencia en ovinos vivos
Authors: Seoane N. F. , Ochoa J. , Borrelli L. , Severino M. E. , Taddeo H. , Giraudo C. , Andrade Gamboa J.
Published: October 2019

En Patagonia, la ganadería ovina es una de las principales actividades económicas, pero la calidad de la carne de cordero se ve afectada por el sabor desagradable que toma a causa de la ingesta de neneo (Mulinum spinosum (Cav.) Persoon, Apiaceae) que es una planta predominante, y muy accesible para el ganado en primavera-verano. Para detectar los animales afectados antes de su sacrificio, se ensayaron técnicas fitoquímicas en diferentes órganos de la planta y del animal buscando correspondencias. Se estudiaron 2 grupos (uno con neneo como componente de la dieta y el otro no) de 6 animales cada uno a los que se extrajeron muestras de carne, grasa, hígado, orina y sangre. Los compuestos responsables del efecto del neneo pertenecen al grupo de los terpenos/esteroles, el único presente tanto en las flores de neneo, como en la orina de los corderos. Los tejidos animales fueron inadecuados para detectar el neneo siendo la orina el medio más apropiado para ello. Se propone un protocolo con la intención de generar una herramienta que permita desarrollar tecnologías de bajo costo para superar la dificultad, que queda a disposición de investigadores y productores para su puesta a prueba, con el fin de detectar un posible sabor desagradable previo al sacrificio, evitando así la consecuente pérdida económica.
Estradiol e prostaglandina na concepção de vacas nelore sincronizadas para ia em tempo fixo.
Authors: Melo W. O. , Souza J. A. T. , Elias A. K. S. , Rocha I. J. , Conceição E. J. , Martínez J. J. M. , Valarelli R. , Torres Junior J. R. S.
Published: October 2019

Objetivou-se avaliar a taxa de concepção em vacas Nelore, sincronizadas para inseminação artificial em tempo fixo. Foi testada a eficiência do cipionato (CE) ou benzoato de estradiol (BE) como indutor atresia e emergência de nova onda folicular no inicio do tratamento dia 0 (D0) com dispositivo de progesterona (CIDR®). Também se verificou a aplicação de prostaglandina no momento da remoção do dispositivo dia 9 (D9; protocolo de três manejos) ou 48 h antes dia 7 (D7; protocolo de quatro manejos). Adotou-se delineamento experimental fatorial 2x2 (CE vs. BE e PGFD7 vs. PGFD9). Não houve diferença entre tratamentos (p>0,05), sendo possível utilizar o protocolo com apenas três manejos.
Relação entre a proteína de choque térmico e o estresse térmico em frangos de corte.
Authors: Boschini C. , Gonçalves F. M. , Catalan A. A. S. , Bavaresco C. , Gentilini F. P. , Anciuti M. A. , Dionello N. J. L.
Published: October 2019

Devido aos avanços em melhoramento genético e nutrição, o frango de corte atual atinge elevados índices de desempenho produtivo em um curto período de produção, resultado de um aumento nas taxas metabólicas das linhagens de crescimento rápido. Entretanto, sua capacidade termorreguladora permanece ineficiente, principalmente sob condições de altas temperaturas (acima de 35°C) e umidade. Por conseqüência, as células respondem ao estresse pela expressão das proteínas de choque térmico ou heat shock proteins (HSPs), as quais funcionam como chaperonas moleculares, protegendo as membranas contra os radicais livres formados em situações de estresse. A exposição dos animais ao estresse no início da vida (pré-embriogenese) permitiria que o gene que regula a síntese de HSP70 seja sensibilizado favorecendo uma rápida expressão e síntese desta proteína em situações de estresse térmico, tornando o animal ter-morresistente a temperaturas elevadas. Além do ambiente (temperatura e umidade) outros fatores como, genética, nutrição e sanidade, também predispõem ao estresse do frango durante sua produção. Porém, se respeitadas as condições ambientais exigidas por estes animais, a exposição ao estresse será reduzida. Como conseqüência final da resposta fisiológica a um estresse térmico, observa-se a depleção das reservas de glicogênio muscular no momento do abate, prejudicando as reações post mortem que con-tribuem para a qualidade de carne. Esta condição tem sido relacionada principalmente a um pH ácido, com redução da capacidade de retenção de água e diminuição da maciez da carne, favorecendo a formação da carne tipo PSE (pálida, mole e exsudativa), recusada pelo consumidor. Por isso os animais termotolerantes são mais resistentes, o que reduz o índice de mortalidade do lote. Desta forma, o presente artigo de revisão propõe-se esclarecer aspectos relacionados aos mecanismos envolvidos na resposta ao estresse térmico por calor em frangos de corte, enfatizando a contribuição das HSPs em tal situação contribuindo para a produção de uma carne de melhor qualidade e adequada aos padrões exigidos pelo mercado consumidor.
BURROWS AND ICHNOFABRIC PRODUCED BY CENTIPEDES: MODERN AND ANCIENT EXAMPLES
Authors: HEMBREE DANIEL I.
Published: October 2019

Centipedes extend to the Silurian yet have a relatively poor fossil record. Many species of extant centipedes are semi-fossorial to fossorial and contribute to soil processes, suggesting that their trace fossils should be common in paleosols. The goal of this project was to document the types of biogenic structures produced by two species of large, semi-fossorial centipedes, Hemiscolopendra marginata andScolopendra polymorpha, to aid in the recognition of fossil centipede burrows. Ten specimens of each species were placed in large, sediment-filled terrariums and observed over periods of 14 days. The centipedes burrowed via intrusion, compression, and excavation, moving throughout the enclosure both near the surface and deep within the sediment. Open burrows produced by the centipedes were cast with plaster and the ichnofabric produced was observed through the enclosure walls. The centipedes primarily produced J-, U-, and Y-shaped burrows as well as complexes of linked burrows. The burrows were elliptical in cross section and possessed thin, intermittent, compressional linings. The centipede burrows were compared to burrows of other extant soil arthropods including millipedes, spiders, and scorpions as well as Pennsylvanian to Permian ichnofossils. The centipede burrows were distinct from those of other soil arthropods and many aspects of the ichnofossils were similar to those produced by the centipedes. Description of burrows produced by centipedes can aid in the interpretation of continental ichnofossils and improve our understanding of the composition of ancient soil ecosystems. This knowledge is especially important given the poor preservation potential of centipedes in the environments they inhabit.
Older multimorbid patients’ experiences on integration of services: A systematic review
Authors: Boye Lilian Keene Guldhammer , Mogensen Christian Backer , Mechlenborg Tine , Waldorff Frans Boch , Andersen Pernille Tanggaard
Published: October 2019

Background
Half of the older persons in high-income counties are affected with multimorbidity and the prevalence increases with older age. To cope with both the complexity of multimorbidity and the ageing population health care systems needs to adapt to the aging population and improve the coordination of long-term services. The objectives of this review were to synthezise how older people with multimorbidity experiences integrations of health care services and to identify barriers towards continuity of care when multimorbid.
Methods
A systematic literature search was conducted in February 2018 by in Scopus, Embase, Cinahl, and Medline using the PRISMA guidelines. Inclusion criteria: studies exploring patients’ point of view, ≥65 and multi-morbid. Quality assessment was conducted using COREQ. Thematic synthesis was done.
Results
2030 studies were identified, with 75 studies eligible for full text, resulting in 9 included articles, of generally accepted quality.
Integration of health care services was successful when the patients felt listened to on all the aspects of being individuals with multimorbidity and when they obtained help from a care coordinator to prioritize their appointments. However, they felt frustrated when they did not have easy access to their health providers, when they were not listened to, and when they felt they were discharged too early. These frustrations were also identified as barriers to continuity of care.
Conclusions
Health care systems needs to adapt to people with multimorbidity and find solutions on ways to create flexible systems that are able to help older patients with multimorbidity, meet their individual needs and their desire to be involved in decisions regarding their care. A Care coordinator may be a solution.
Testing non-inferiority of blended versus face-to-face Cognitive Behavioural Therapy for severe fatigue in patients with Multiple Sclerosis and the effectiveness of blended booster sessions aimed at improving long term outcome following both therapies: – study protocol for two observer-blinded randomized clinical trials
Authors: de Gier Marieke Houniet- , Beckerman Heleen , Vliet Kimberley van , Knoop Hans , de Groot Vincent
Published: October 2019

Background: Cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) has been found effective in reducing fatigue severity in MS patients directly following treatment. However, long-term effects are inconsistent leaving room for improvement. In addition, individual face-to-face CBT draws heavily on limited treatment capacity, and the travel distance to the treatment centre can be burdensome for patients. Therefore, we developed “MS Fit”, a blended CBT for MS-related fatigue, based on a face-to-face CBT protocol found effective in a previous study, and “MS Stay Fit”, internet-based booster sessions to improve long term effectiveness of CBT for MS-related fatigue. This paper presents the protocol of two Randomised Clinical Trials (RCTs) conducted within one study investigating 1) the non-inferiority of MS Fit compared to evidence-based face-to-face CBT for MS-related fatigue, and 2) the effectiveness of MS Stay Fit on the long-term outcome of fatigue compared to no booster sessions.

Methods/design: The first part of this study is an observer-blinded non-inferiority multicentre RCT, in which 166 severely fatigued MS patients will be randomized (1:1 ratio, computer-generated sequence) to either face-to-face CBT or blended CBT (MS Fit) for fatigue. The primary endpoint is at 20 weeks after baseline. After this post-treatment assessment, patients will be randomized again (1:1 ratio, computer generated sequence) to either MS Stay Fit consisting of 2 booster sessions at 2 and 4 months after end of treatment, or no booster sessions. The primary endpoint of the second study is 52 weeks after baseline. Primary outcome measure in both studies is fatigue severity assessed with the fatigue severity subscale of the Checklist Individual Strength (CIS20r). Outcomes will be assessed at baseline (T0), end of treatment (T20), after 39 and 52 weeks (T39 and T52).

Discussion: If MS Fit is found to be non-inferior to face-to-face CBT it will improve the accessibility of this treatment. In addition, the study aims to test if it is possible to improve long-term effectiveness of CBT for MS-related fatigue with MS Stay Fit.
Impact of chemotherapy cycles and intervals on outcomes of nonspinal Ewing sarcoma in adults: a real-world experience
Authors: Zhang Jianjun , Huang Yujing , Sun Yuanjue , He Aina , Zhou Yan , Hu Haiyan , Yao Yang , Shen Zan
Published: October 2019

Abstract

Background: Adult Ewing sarcoma (ES) is a rare disease, the optimal treatment model is unknown. This study aimed to retrospectively analyze treatment-related prognostic factors of nonspinal ES in Chinese adults.

Methods: 81 patients treated between January 2005 and December 2017 were included in the present study. 33 (40.7%) presented with metastatic disease at diagnosis. 8 patients were submitted to primary surgery followed by chemotherapy, while 73 patients received chemotherapy before and after surgery and/or local radiotherapy. The chemotherapy regimen included 8-17 cycles of vincristine, doxorubicin, and cyclophosphamide (VDC) alternating with ifosfamide and etoposide (IE) every 3 weeks. Clinical outcomes and safety were analyzed.

Results: VDC/IE chemotherapy was well tolerated in adult patients with ES. Multivariate Cox regression analyses revealed that chemotherapy of at least 12 cycles was a favorable independent prognostic factor of event-free survival (hazard ratio, 0.558; 95% confidence interval, 0.323-0.965; P = 0.037) and overall survival (hazard ratio, 0.424; 95% confidence interval, 0.240-0.748; P = 0.003). Similarly, a low frequency of chemotherapy delays was an independent prognostic factor of improved OS (hazard ratio, 0.438; 95% confidence interval, 0.217-0.887; P = 0.022).

Conclusion: Our study suggests that adults with ES should be treated with an aggressive multidisciplinary approach, intensive chemotherapy with adequate cycles and appropriate intervals can be recommended in this group.
Developing a High-Performance Liquid Chromatography Fast and Accurate Method for Quantification of Silibinin
Authors: Bakhshi Faezeh , Molavi Ommoleila , Rashidi Mohammad Reza , Shayanfar Ali , Amini Hassan
Published: October 2019

Objective: Silibinin is an antioxidant agent and is shown to have anticancer effects in different cancers including lung, breast, colorectal, liver, prostate, and kidney. There are challenges in the clinical use of silibinin. The main limitation is low solubility, poor oral absorption, and extensive hepatic metabolism. We aim to develop a High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) sensitive method for quantification of silibinin in in-vitro samples to quantify its concentration in new formulations. A reverse-phase high-performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC) composed of C18 column as stationary phase and the mixture of methanol (90%) and water (10%) as mobile phase. The developed method was validated based on the established guidelines.
Results: The retention time for silibinin was seen in 2.97 minute after injection. The calibration curve was drawn and the established method demonstrated a linear ranged from 10 to 100 µg/ml, with a correlation coefficient of 0.996. The sensitivity of the developed method was 10 µg/ml. The accuracy calculated in the range of 88-105.9% and the precision (as relative standard deviation) was between 2.7-10.9%. These results demonstrate that the developed method can be a fast and accurate method for quantification of silibinin in aqueous samples.
Determinants of late antenatal care follow up among pregnant women in Easter zone Tigray, Northern Ethiopia, 2018. Unmatched case- control study
Authors: Gebremariam Gebrehiwot , Teklehaimanot Berhane Fsseha , Gebru Hurut Teame , Gebrezgi Zinabu Asfaw , Tekola Kidanemaryam Berhe , Baraki Mulu Fitwi
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Objective: The purpose of the study was to identify determinants of late antennal care at first visit in health facilities of eastern zoneof Tigray, Northern Ethiopia 2018.
Result : Women with unplanned pregnancy (AOR= 4.03, 95%, CI: 1.56-5.67),Participants attended first antenatal care visit after 16 weeks for previous pregnancies (AOR= 3.9, 95% CI: 1.98-7.68), Participants did not accompanied by partner for antenatal visit (AOR= 1.29,95%, CI: 1.05-4.67), women who recognized their pregnancy at three months or late ( AOR= 4.7,95%,CI: 2.49-9.04) and participants who provided adequate time for their previous antenatal care by health professionals ( AOR = 0.461, 95% CI 0.342- 0.875) were found the determinant factors of late antenatal care at first Visit. Hence family planning utilization, times of first visit antenatal, information flow and supporting by partners have a great role in improving antenatal care at first visit. There for responsible bodies should give focuses on utilization of family planning, increasing awareness of pregnancy symptoms and health provisional provide adequate time during visits.
Elevated expression of FGB predicts poor survival in lung adenocarcinoma patients with tobacco exposure
Authors: Hu Xu-gang , Jiao De-min , Si You-liang , Chen Jun , Tang Xia-li , Wang Da-wei , Chen Qing-yong
Published: October 2019

Background: Tobacco exposure is the most important risk factor for the occurrence and death of lung cancer. Fibrinogen beta chain (FGB), the most abundant coagulation factor in plasma, is putatively involved in tumor progression. This study aimed to evaluate the expression pattern and prognostic value of FGB in lung adenocarcinoma with tobacco exposure.
Methods: FGB expression in lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) and corresponding normal lung tissues was compared in The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database. Stratified analysis was conducted to investigate the expression of FGB in LUAD patients with different tobacco exposure. Kaplan-Meier analysis and Cox-regression analysis were performed to evaluate the prognostic significance of FGB. The same survival analyses were conducted in the KM plotter database to validate the prognostic value of FGB.
Results: FGB expression was significantly increased in LUAD tissues than in normal tissues (P<0.001). The FGB expression in smoker group was higher than those in non-smoker group (P<0.001). High FGB expression was associated with advanced N stage (P=0.033) and TNM stage (P=0.046). The smoker group possessed higher level of FGB both in LUAD patients without (P=0.003) or (P =0.045) with lymph node metastasis. However, in early TNM stages, the smoker group showed elevated expression of FGB compared with non-smoker group (P=0.0004), and in advanced TNM stages, there was no significant difference between the two groups (P=0.350). In survival analyses, patients with high FGB expression had remarkably worse overall survival (P=0.007) and progression-free survival ((P=0.007) than those with low FGB expression. In smoker group, high level of FGB expression predicted worse OS (P=0.003) and PFS (P=0.029). Cox-regression analysis indicated that FGB was an independent prognostic factor for LUAD patients’ OS (HR= 1.616, P=0.017) and PFS (HR= 1.710, P=0.028). In smoking group, FGB also served as a promising prognostic biomarker for OS (HR= 1.806, P=0.027) and PFS (HR= 2.181, P=0.013). Similar survival curves were generated in the KM plotter cohort.
Conclusions: Our study demonstrated that elevated expression of FGB may identify an aggressive subgroup in LUAD with tobacco exposure and serve as an independent prognostic indicator in these patients.
Assessing the risk of early unplanned rehospitalisation in preterm babies: EPIPAGE 2 study
Authors: Reed Robert A. , Morgan Andrei S. , Zeitlin Jennifer , Jarreau Pierre-Henri , Torchin Héloïse , Pierrat Véronique , Ancel Pierre-Yves , Khoshnood Babak
Published: October 2019

Background Gaining a better understanding of the probability, timing and prediction of rehospitalisation amongst preterm babies could help improve outcomes. There is limited research addressing these topics amongst extremely and very preterm babies. In this context, unplanned rehospitalisations constitute an important, potentially modifiable adverse event. We aimed to establish the probability, time-distribution and predictability of unplanned rehospitalisation within 30 days of discharge in a population of French preterm babies.Methods This study used data from EPIPAGE 2, a population-based prospective study of French preterm babies. Only those babies discharged home alive and whose parents responded to the 1-year survey were eligible for inclusion in our study. For Kaplan-Meier analysis, the outcome was unplanned rehospitalisation censored at 30 days. For predictive modelling, the outcome was binary, recording unplanned rehospitalisation within 30 days of discharge. Predictors included routine clinical variables selected based on expert opinion.Results Of 3,841 eligible babies, 350 (9.1%, 95% CI 8.2-10.1) experienced an unplanned rehospitalisation within 30 days. The probability of rehospitalisation progressed at a consistent rate over the 30 days. There were significant differences in rehospitalisation probability by gestational age. The cross-validated performance of a ten predictor model demonstrated low discrimination and calibration. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve was 0.62 (95% CI 0.59-0.65).Conclusions Unplanned rehospitalisation within 30 days of discharge was infrequent and the probability of rehospitalisation progressed at a consistent rate. Lower gestational age increased the probability of rehospitalisation. Predictive models comprised of clinically important variables had limited predictive ability.
Genotypic Variation on Root Growth and Nutrient Uptake in Corn and Soybean
Authors: Rosa A. T. , Diaz D. A. Ruiz , Hansel F. D. , Sebastian J. S. V. , Adee E. A.
Published: October 2019

Core Ideas

Drought‐tolerant corn increased root length up to 33% over conventional corn.

Differences in root growth among soybean genotypes were site‐specific.

Nutrient dilution effect occurred in both corn shoot and root, but not in soybean.

N, P, Mn, and Zn concentrations were higher in the root biomass for soybean compared with corn.

Larger root systems can help crops to explore more soil volume and increase nutrient uptake. The objective of this study was to evaluate potential differences in root system growth of two corn (Zea mays L.) and two soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] plants of contrasting genotypes. Two experiments were conducted as part of this study (greenhouse and field). The corn genotypes used in the study were considered as drought tolerant (DT) and conventional (CR)–not drought tolerant; whereas soybean genotypes were considered as highly suitable for poorly drained soils (PD) and suitable for well‐drained soils (GD). During the growing season, shoots and roots biomass were recorded and analyzed for total nutrient concentration. Roots were scanned and processed to measure root length, surface area, diameter, and volume. In the greenhouse, corn root length and volume showed greater values for the DT at the VT growth stage compared with the CR. The DT also showed higher N, Mn, and Zn uptake. In the field, the DT showed greater root length at one location. For soybean, the GD showed increased root surface area and volume at one location when compared with the PD. The PD showed higher Zn uptake than the GD. Furthermore, evaluations of nutrient dilution as a function of root biomass was similar to those observed for shoot biomass for corn, but not clear for soybean. This study emphasizes the importance of root system evaluations among different genotypes as it can help on strategies to increase nutrient uptake by crops.
Impact of Maize Roots on Soil–Root Electrical Conductivity: A Simulation Study
Authors: Rao Sathyanarayan , Meunier Félicien , Ehosioke Solomon , Lesparre Nolwenn , Kemna Andreas , Nguyen Frédéric , Garré Sarah , Javaux Mathieu
Published: October 2019

Core Ideas

The impact of roots on bulk electrical conductivity was studied using a modeling approach.

The presence of roots affects petrophysical relations.

The effect of roots is more pronounced in sandy soil than in loamy soil.

Root surface and soil–root electrical contrast affect ERT measurements the most.

Electrical resistivity tomography (ERT) has become an important tool for studying root‐zone soil water fluxes under field conditions. The results of ERT translate to water content via empirical pedophysical relations, usually ignoring the impact of roots; however, studies in the literature have shown that roots in soils may actually play a non‐negligible role in the bulk electrical conductivity (σ) of the soil–root continuum, but we do not completely understand the impact of root segments on ERT measurements. In this numerical study, we coupled an electrical model with a plant–soil water flow model to investigate the impact of roots on virtual ERT measurements. The coupled model can produce three‐dimensional simulations of root growth and development, water flow in soil and root systems, and electrical transfer in the soil–root continuum. Our electrical simulation illustrates that in rooted soils, for every 1% increase in the root/sand volume ratio, there can be a 4 to 18% increase in the uncertainty of σ computed via the model, caused by the presence of root segments; the uncertainty in a loam medium is 0.2 to 1.5%. The influence of root segments on ERT measurements depends on the root surface area (r = ∼0.6) and the σ contrast between roots and the soil (r = ∼0.9), as revealed by correlation analysis. This study is important in the context of accurate water content predictions for automated irrigation systems in sandy soil.
Análise da Competitividade Internacional do Agronegócio Brasileiro no Período de 2003 a 2013
Authors: Sossa Codjo Olivier , Duarte Leandro Batista
Published: October 2019

Esta pesquisa busca analisar se o Brasil continua a possuir vantagem comparativa e competitividade no comércio internacional do agronegócio, no período de 2003 a 2013. Para isso foram analisadas as commodities negociadas na BM&F e as exportações aos Blocos Comerciais. Os dados foram calculados a partir dos diversos indicadores de comércio internacional do País, como os índices de Vantagem Comparativa Revelada (VCR), Vantagem Comparativa Revelada Simétrica (VCRS), Vantagem Relativa na Exportação (VRE) e Competitividade Revelada (CR). Também com o intuito de analisar o padrão de especialização através da vantagem comparativa foram calculados o Indicador de Contribuição ao Saldo Comercial (ICSC), o Índice de Concentração por Produtos das Exportações (ICP) e a Taxa de Cobertura (TC). Nos resultados, observou-se que o Brasil possui vantagem na exportação de praticamente todas as commodities analisadas, como o café, açúcar, carne de bovina e soja; e que suas competitividades estão em alta no comércio internacional. Em relação à competitividade no comércio, todos os produtos, exceto, o algodão e o milho, proporcionam saldos positivos na balança comercial da commodity.
Fizik Öğretmeni Adaylarının Temel Matematiksel İşlem Yeterliklerinin İncelenmesi
Authors: Kızılcık Hasan Şahin
Published: October 2019

Bu çalışma, fizik
öğretmeni adaylarının temel matematiksel işlem yapabilme yeterliklerini
incelemeyi amaçlamaktadır. Bu amaçla, araştırmacı tarafından açık uçlu 20
maddeden oluşan bir ölçek geliştirilmiştir. Ölçek maddeleri; Temel İşlem
Bilgisi, Köklü Sayılarda Temel İşlemler, Üslü Sayılarda Temel İşlemler,
Logaritmik Sayılarda Temel İşlemler ve Temel Trigonometrik İşlemler olmak üzere
temel matematiğin beş farklı konusunda dörder maddeden oluşturulmuştur.
Maddeler kolay hesaplanabilir işlemlerden oluşmaktadır. Öğretmen adaylarından hesap
makinesi kullanmadan ölçeğe yanıt vermeleri istenmiştir. Çalışma 98 öğretmen
adayının katılımıyla gerçekleştirilmiştir. Ayrıca öğretmen
adaylarından üçü ile görüşme yapılmıştır. Araştırma sonuçları, öğretmen
adaylarının Temel İşlem Bilgisi bölümünde yeterli ancak diğer bölümlerde
yetersiz olduklarını göstermiştir. Yapılan işlem hatalarının yanı sıra, işlem
önceliğini belirleme, bazı temel işlem bilgilerinin yetersizliği ve özellikle
üslü sayılarda ve trigonometrik işlemlerde temel işlemlerde sorunlar belirlenmiştir.
Ayrıca fizik öğretmeni adaylarının matematiksel işlem yeterliklerinin
cinsiyetten bağımsız olduğu, ancak öğrenim yılı, üniversiteye giriş puanı ve
güncel not ortalaması ile kısmen anlamlı olarak pozitif yönde ilişkili olduğu
görülmüştür.
The Predictive Role for ST2 in Patients with Acute Coronary Syndromes and Heart Failure
Authors: Tsigkou Vasiliki , Siasos Gerasimos , Bletsa Evanthia , Panoilia Maria-Evi , Papastavrou Angeliki , Kokosias Georgios , Oikonomou Evangelos , Papageorgiou Nikolaos , Zaromitidou Marina , Marinos Georgios , Vavuranakis Manolis , Stefanadis Christodoulos , Papavassiliou Athanasios G. , Tousoulis Dimitris
Published: October 2019

Intensive research has shed light on the utilization of novel biomarkers which facilitate
the diagnosis and prognosis of patients with different medical problems. One of the
most important biomarkers especially in the spectrum of heart failure is soluble ST2 (sST2:
soluble Suppression of Tumorigenicity 2), which is involved in inflammation, fibrosis and
cardiac stress. In the revised 2017 ACC/AHA/HFSA, “Focused Update Guidelines for the
Management of Heart Failure” ST2 was given a class-IIa recommendation for the optimal
risk assessment in patients with heart failure. Many studies indicate that not only baseline but
also serial measurements of ST2 can accurately predict future cardiovascular events in patients
with Acute Coronary Syndromes and heart failure. Therefore, in this review, we are
going to discuss the studies about the prognostic significance of ST2 in patients with Acute
Coronary Syndromes, acute and chronic heart failure.
Animal Galectins and Plant Lectins as Tools for Studies in Neurosciences
Authors: Araújo João Ronielly Campêlo , Coelho Cauê Barbosa , Campos Adriana Rolim , de Azevedo Moreira Renato , de Oliveira Monteiro-Moreira Ana Cristina
Published: October 2019

Lectins are proteins or glycoproteins of non-immunological origin capable of reversibly and specifically binding to glycoconjugates. They exist in free form or associated with cells and are widely distributed in nature, being found in plants, microorganisms, and animals. Due to their characteristics and mainly due to the possibility of reversible binding to glycoconjugates, lectins have stood out as important tools in research involving Neurobiology. These proteins have the ability to modulate molecular targets in the central nervous system (CNS) which may be involved with neuroplasticity, neurobehavioral effects, and neuroprotection. The present report integrates existing information on the activity of animal and plant lectins in different areas of Neuroscience, presenting perspectives to direct new research on lectin function in the CNS, providing alternatives for understanding neurological diseases such as mental disorders, neurodegenerative, and neuro-oncological diseases, and for the development of new drugs, diagnoses and therapies in the field of Neuroscience.
Sudden Sensorineural Hearing Loss in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus and Antiphospholipid Syndrome: A Clinical Review
Authors: Riera Julia L. , del R. Maliandi María , Musuruana Jorge L. , Cavallasca Javier A.
Published: October 2019

Background:

Sudden sensorineural hearing loss (SSNHL) is defined as a sudden loss of
hearing, usually unilateral, of more than 30 dB in 3 contiguous frequencies of the tonal audiometry.
SSNHL estimates an incidence ranging from 5 to 20 per 100.000 people per year. In approximately
75% of cases, a cause cannot be identified. However, it could be a clinical manifestation of Systemic
lupus erythematosus (SLE) and Antiphospholipid Syndrome (APS).

Objective:

This review will focus on the clinical presentation, diagnosis, and management of the
SLE and APS associated SSNHL.

Methods:

We searched in PubMed, Scopus, Lilacs, and Cochrane reviewing reports of Sudden sensorineural
hearing loss in SLE and/or APS. Articles written in English and Spanish, and were available
in full text, were included.

Results:

In patients with SLE, bilateral involvement was frequent. Antiphospholipid antibodies
were positive in the majority of the patients. Corticosteroids were the mainstay of the treatment.
The auditory prognosis was poor with total hearing loss recovery reached in only 22% of patients.

:

On the other hand, most of the patients with SSNHL and APS were males and presented associated
symptoms such as vertigo, tinnitus and/or headache, 75% had bilateral disease. Lupus anticoagulant
and aCL were found in equal proportions, all patients were anticoagulated, and aspirin was associated
in 25% of the cases. Complete resolution or improvement of symptoms was observed in
25% of the patients.

Conclusion:

Sudden sensorineural hearing loss, can be a clinical feature of SLE and APS. Treating
physicians should be aware of this devastating complication, especially when bilateral involvement
occurs.
Whole Aegilops tauschii Transcriptome Investigation Revealed Nine Novel miRNAs Involved in Stress Response
Authors: Bakhshi Behnam , Fard Ehsan Mohseni
Published: October 2019

Background:

Aegilops tauschii is a wild relative of bread wheat. This species has been
reported as the donor of bread wheat D genome. There are also several reports that mentioned the
importance of Ae. tauschii in biotic and abiotic stress tolerance. On the other hands, miRNAs have
been reported as the essential regulatory elements in stress response.

Objective:

Therefore, it is important to discover novel miRNAs involved in stress tolerance in this
species. The aim of the current study was to predict novel miRNAs in Ae. tauschii and also
uncover their potential role in stress response.

Methods:

For this purpose, ESTs, TSAs, and miRBase databases were obtained and used to
predict new miRNAs.

Results:

Our results discovered nine novel stem-loop miRNAs. These predicted miRNAs could be
introduced as the new members of previously identified miRNA families in Ae. tauschii, including
miR156, miR168, miR169, and miR319. The result indicating that miR397 and miR530 are novel
families in this species. Furthermore, several novel stem-loop miRNAs predicted for T. aestivum
showed remarkable similarities to novel Ae. tauschii stem-loops.

Conclusion:

Our results demonstrated that predicted novel miRNAs could play a significant role
in stress response.
Rapid Calibration Method for 3D Laser Scanner
Authors: Liu Bin , Qiao Qian , Han Fangfang
Published: October 2019

Background:

The 3D laser scanner is a non-contact active-sensing system, which has a
number of applications. Many patents have been filed on the technologies for calibrating 3D laser
scanner. A precise calibration method is important for measuring the accuracy of the 3D laser scanner.
The system model contains three categories of parameters to be calibrated which include the
camera intrinsic parameters, distortion coefficients and the light plane parameters. Typically, the
calibration process is completed in two steps. Based on Zhang’s method, the calibration of the camera
intrinsic parameters and distortion coefficients can be performed. Then, 3D feature points on the
light plane should precisely be formed and extracted. Finally, the points are used to calculate the
light plane parameters.

Methods:

In this paper, a rapid calibration method is presented. Without any high precision auxiliary
device, only one coplanar reference target is used. By using a group of captured images of the
coplanar reference target placed in the field of view arbitrarily, calibration can be performed in one
step. Based on the constraint from the planes formed by the target in different directions and the
camera imaging model, a large amount of 3D points on the light plane can easily be obtained. The
light plane equation in the camera coordinates system can be gathered by executing plane fitting to
the 3D points.

Results:

During the experimental process, the developed 3D laser scanner was calibrated by the
proposed method. Then, the measuring accuracy of the system was verified with known distance in
vertical direction of 1mm with sequential shifting motion generated by precision translation stage.
The average value of the measured distances was found to be 1.010mm. The standard deviation was
0.008mm.

Conclusion:

Experimental results prove that the proposed calibration method is simple and reliable.
Discovering Therapeutic Protein Targets for Bladder Cancer Using Proteomic Data Analysis
Authors: Bahrami Samira , Kazemi Bahram , Zali Hakimeh , Black Peter C. , Basiri Abbas , Bandehpour Mojgan , Hedayati Mehdi , Sahebkar Amirhossein
Published: October 2019

Background:

Bladder cancer accounts for almost 54% of urinary system cancer and is the second most frequent cause of death in genitourinary malignancies after prostate cancer. About 70% of bladder tumors are non-muscle-invasive, and the rest are muscle-invasive. Recurrence of the tumor is the common feature of bladder cancer. Chemotherapy is a conventional treatment for MIBC, but it cannot improve the survival rate of these patients sufficiently. Therefore, researchers must develop new therapies. Antibody-based therapy is one of the most important strategies for the treatment of solid tumors. Selecting a suitable target is the most critical step for this strategy.

Objective:

The aim of this study is to detect therapeutic cell surface antigen targets in bladder cancer using data obtained by proteomic studies.

Methods:

Isobaric tag for relative and absolute quantitation (iTRAQ) analysis had identified 131 overexpressed proteins in baldder cancer tissue and reverse-phase proteomic array (RPPA) analysis had been done for 343 tumor tissues and 208 antibodies. All identified proteins from two studies (131+208 proteins) were collected and duplicates were removed (331 unique proteins). Gene ontology study was performed using gene ontology (GO) and protein analysis through evolutionary relationships (PANTHER) databases. The Human Protein Atlas database was used to search the protein class and subcellular location of membrane proteins obtained from the PANTHER analysis.

Results:

Membrane proteins that could be suitable therapeutic targets for bladder cancer were selected. These included: Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), Her2, Kinase insert domain receptor (KDR), Heat shock protein 60 (HSP60), HSP90, Transferrin receptor (TFRC), Activin A Receptor Like Type 1 (ACVRL1), and cadherin 2 (CDH2). Monoclonal antibodies against these proteins or their inhibitors were used for the treatment of different cancers in preclinical and clinical trials.

Conclusion:

These monoclonal antibodies and inhibitor molecules and also their combination can be used for the treatment of bladder cancer.
Phytochemical, Analytical and Medicinal Studies of Holoptelea integrifolia Roxb. Planch - A Review
Authors: Kumar Vijay , Singh Simranjeet , Bhadouria Ragini , Singh Ravindra , Prakash Om
Published: October 2019

Holoptelea integrifolia Roxb. Planch (HI) has been used to treat various ailments
including obesity, osteoarthritis, arthritis, inflammation, anemia, diabetes etc. To review the
major phytochemicals and medicinal properties of HI, exhaustive bibliographic research was
designed by means of various scientific search engines and databases. Only 12 phytochemicals
have been reported including biologically active compounds like betulin, betulinic acid,
epifriedlin, octacosanol, Friedlin, Holoptelin-A and Holoptelin-B. Analytical methods including
the Thin Layer Chromatography (TLC), High-Performance Thin Layer Chromatography
(HPTLC), High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) and Liquid Chromatography
With Mass Spectral (LC-MS) analysis have been used to analyze the HI. From medicinal
potency point of view, these phytochemicals have a wide range of pharmacological
activities such as antioxidant, antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, and anti-tumor. In the current
review, it has been noticed that the mechanism of action of HI with biomolecules has not
been fully explored. Pharmacology and toxicological studies are very few. This seems a
huge literature gap to be fulfilled through the detailed in-vivo and in-vitro studies.
Usability of a Mobile Phone App Aimed at Adolescents and Young Adults During and After Cancer Treatment: Qualitative Study
Authors: Hanghøj Signe , Boisen Kirsten A , Hjerming Maiken , Elsbernd Abbey , Pappot Helle
Published: October 2019

Background

Adolescent and young adult (AYA) cancer patients are seldom involved in the process of testing cancer-related apps. As such, knowledge about youth-specific content, functionalities, and design is sparse. As a part of a co-creation process of developing the mobile phone app Kræftværket, AYAs in treatment for cancer and in follow-up participated in a usability think-aloud test of a prototype of the app. Thus, the app was initiated, created, and evaluated by AYAs with cancer experience.

Objective

The aim of this study was to explore the results of a think-aloud test administered to see how the prototype of the app Kræftværket was used by AYAs in treatment for cancer and in follow-up, and to investigate the strengths and weaknesses of the app.

Methods

A total of 20 AYA cancer patients aged 16 to 29 years (n=10 on treatment, n=10 in follow-up) were provided with the first version of the co-created mobile phone app Kræftværket during a 6-week test period (April-May 2018). After the test period, 15 participated in individual usability think-aloud tests. The tests were video-recorded, transcribed verbatim, and analyzed using a thematic analysis approach.

Results

The thematic analysis led to the following themes and subthemes: navigation (subthemes: intuition, features, buttons, home page, profile), visual and graphic design (subthemes: overview, text and colors, photos, videos, YouTube), and usefulness (subthemes: notifications, posts, adding). The analysis identified gender differences in app utilization—female participants seemed to be more familiar with parts of the app. The app seemed to be more relevant to AYAs receiving treatment due to app functions such as tracking symptoms and searching for relevant information. Lack of notifications and incorrect counting of posts were perceived as barriers to using the app.

Conclusions

Usability testing is crucial to meet the needs of the AYA target audience. AYA cancer apps should preferably be relevant, targeted, and unique, and include a tracking function and AYA-produced videos. Notifications and correct marking and ordering of posts are critical to make apps engaging and dynamic. Further research is recommended to evaluate the Kræftværket app with the input of more AYAs.
A Typology of Patients Based on Decision-Making Styles: Cross-Sectional Survey Study
Authors: FitzPatrick Mary Anne , Hess Alexandra Claudia , Sudbury-Riley Lynn , Schulz Peter Johannes
Published: October 2019

Background

Although previous research shows broad differences in the impact of online health information on patient-practitioner decision making, specific research is required to identify and conceptualize patient decision-making styles related to the use of online health information and to differentiate segments according to the influence of online information on patient decision making and interactions with health professionals.

Objective

This study aimed to investigate patients’ decision making in relation to online health information and interactions with health care practitioners. We also aimed to present a typology of patients based on significant differences in their decision making.

Methods

We applied a large-scale cross-sectional research design using a survey. Data, generated using a questionnaire that was administered by companies specializing in providing online panels, were collected from random samples of baby boomers in the United Kingdom, the United States, and New Zealand. The total sample comprised 996 baby boomers born between 1946 and 1964, who had used the internet in the previous 6 months to search for and share health-related information. Data were analyzed using hierarchical cluster analysis and confirmatory factor analysis, as well as one-way analysis of variance, chi-square tests, and paired sample t tests.

Results

Analyses identified 3 key decision-making styles that served as the base for 4 unique and stable segments of patients with distinctive decision-making styles: the Collaborators (229/996, 23.0%), the Autonomous-Collaborators (385/996, 38.7%), the Assertive-Collaborators (111/996, 11.1%), and the Passives (271/996, 27.2%). Profiles were further developed for these segments according to key differences in the online health information behavior, demographics, and interactional behaviors of patients. The typology demonstrates that collaborative decision making is dominant among patients either in its pure form or in combination with autonomous or assertive decision making. In other words, most patients (725/996, 72.8%) show significant collaboration in their decision making with health care professionals. However, at times, patients in the combination Autonomous-Collaborative segment prefer to exercise individual autonomy in their decision making, and those in the combination Assertive-Collaborative segment prefer to be assertive with health professionals. Finally, this study shows that a substantial number of patients adopt a distinctly passive decision-making style (271/996, 27.2%).

Conclusions

The patient typology provides a framework for distinguishing practice-relevant and addressable segments with important implications for health care practitioners, including better-targeted communication programs for patients and more successful outcomes for health care services in the long term.
Improving Medication Information Presentation Through Interactive Visualization in Mobile Apps: Human Factors Design
Authors: Roosan Don , Li Yan , Law Anandi , Truong Huy , Karim Mazharul , Chok Jay , Roosan Moom
Published: October 2019

Background

Despite the detailed patient package inserts (PPIs) with prescription drugs that communicate crucial information about safety, there is a critical gap between patient understanding and the knowledge presented. As a result, patients may suffer from adverse events. We propose using human factors design methodologies such as hierarchical task analysis (HTA) and interactive visualization to bridge this gap. We hypothesize that an innovative mobile app employing human factors design with an interactive visualization can deliver PPI information aligned with patients’ information processing heuristics. Such an app may help patients gain an improved overall knowledge of medications.

Objective

The objective of this study was to explore the feasibility of designing an interactive visualization-based mobile app using an HTA approach through a mobile prototype.

Methods

Two pharmacists constructed the HTA for the drug risperidone. Later, the specific requirements of the design were translated using infographics. We transferred the wireframes of the prototype into an interactive user interface. Finally, a usability evaluation of the mobile health app was conducted.

Results

A mobile app prototype using HTA and infographics was successfully created. We reiterated the design based on the specific recommendations from the usability evaluations.

Conclusions

Using HTA methodology, we successfully created a mobile prototype for delivering PPI on the drug risperidone to patients. The hierarchical goals and subgoals were translated into a mobile prototype.
Base Erosion and Profit Shifting Exploration of Tax Differences and Tax Economics
Authors: Wu Hsiu-li , Yen Shang-Yung
Published: October 2019

Multinational companies transfer profits to countries with low tax rates via tax planning. In response to the request from G20 nations, the OECD launched a total of 15 BEPS (Base Erosion and Profit Shifting) actions, hoping to prompt the reform in tax systems in different countries. This paper conducts a case study in the examination of taxation differences created by multinational companies by leveraging various tax rates in different countries. Expert interviews are conducted to examine the adjustments and responses of tax planning and investment structures in the corporate world in the wake of the amendments to CFC and PEM tax codes, as well as the correlation between tax revenues and economies. Finally, this paper presents suggestions so that taxes and profits are operated in a fair and efficient environment. This will benefit economic developments and promote effective resources utilization.