bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Теплоизоляция для зданий и сооружений
Authors: Шестакова Л.А.
Published: February 2024

Рассмотрены различные типы теплоизоляционных материалов и выделены основные категории в зависимости от их применения. Проведен анализ характеристик и свойств материалов, позволяющий определить их оптимальное применение в различных теплоизоляционных задачах.
Проблемы космологии, природные явления и физические законы гравитации и излучения
Authors: Кошман В.С.
Published: February 2024

В статье приведена цепочка взаимосвязей между функциями и параметрами состояния Вселенной в их записи через безразмерные планковские величины. Отмечена значимость ранних термоядерных реакций, а также гравитации в формировании наблюдаемой картины физического мира. Показано, что постоянная Больцмана есть планковская энтропия. Проведена количественная оценка величин термодинамической вероятности системы, изменчивости характерного геометрического размера Вселенной со временем и ее современной объемной плотности энергии. В основу построения положен установленный в наблюдениях факт, что реликтовое излучение - это созданное самой природой абсолютно черное тело.
Исследование и оптимизация добычи нефти штанговыми глубинными насосами с частотно-регулируемыми электроприводами: путь к эффективности и устойчивости
Authors: Шайхлисламов И.Р. , Таначев Г.П. , Корнилов В.Ю.
Published: February 2024

Статья посвящена исследованию и оптимизации автоматизированного технологического процесса добычи нефти с применением штанговых глубинных насосов и частотнорегулируемых электроприводов. Рассматриваются проблемы, связанные с эффективностью и надежностью электроприводов, а также рассматриваются ключевые аспекты технологического процесса, включая принципы работы ШГНУ.
Буроинъекционные свай эрт в качестве армирования оснований повышенной несущей способности
Authors: Соколов Н.С.
Published: February 2024

Возведение фундаментов с повышенными значениями несущей способности является актуальной задачей современного геотехнического строительства. Как правило, в качестве основания под такие фундаменты используются глубокие буровые сваи с большими диаметрами. Технологии их изготовления существует множество. Увеличения их несущей способности возможно только за счет изменения их длины и диаметра. Использование буроинъекционных свай изготавливаемых по электроразрядной технологии (сваи-ЭРТ) с многоместными уширениями решает проблему создания фундаментов повышенной несущей способности.
Использование полиэтиленовых рукавов для хранения зерна
Authors: Кузьмин А.В.
Published: February 2024

Использование полиэтиленовых рукавов для хранения зерна является одним из перспективных и экономически выгодных методов хранения. Этот метод позволяет сохранить качество зерна, снизить затраты на хранение и обеспечить экологическую безопасность. Полиэтиленовые рукава представляют собой гибкие контейнеры, изготовленные из плотного полиэтилена. Они имеют различные размеры и вместимость, что позволяет подобрать наиболее подходящий вариант для конкретного объема зерна.
A Study on the Perception of Human Rights among College Students Majoring in Sports
Authors:   The World Society of Taekwondo Culture, Woo Ju-Youn , Kim Ji-Young
Published: February 2024

This study was conducted to present basic data for establishing a human rights education system in the future through awareness of human rights among college students majoring in sports. To achieve this purpose, the differences in human rights awareness, human rights education, and sports ethics center awareness were analyzed through frequency analysis using IBM SPSS 22.0 through a questionnaire targeting 184 college students majoring in sports across the country, and the results were as follows. First, although most students had encountered the word human rights through TV and the Internet, they appeared to lack awareness of the human rights situation. Second, 77.7% responded that they had experience with human rights education, but in response to the need for human rights education, a high figure of over 80% responded that it was necessary or higher. Third, in terms of awareness of the Sports Ethics Center among college students majoring in sports, 78.3% of students responded that they did not know much about it, indicating a lack of overall understanding of the Sports Ethics Center. These results showed that sports majors lack an overall understanding of human rights, so professional human rights education with purpose and content should be provided based on this study.
The Effect of the Image of Host City, Community Consciousness, and Regional Development on the Behavior after Visit by Marine Leisure Equipment Exhibition Event Visitors
Authors:   The World Society of Taekwondo Culture, Lee Jae Bin
Published: February 2024

The purpose of this study is to provide basic data on various ways for visitors to revitalize the marine sports and marine leisure industries through data analysis on the impact of local perceptions on image, social consciousness, development, and post-visit behavior, and to improve the image of the region by providing data on various ways to local governments in the host area, considering the participation of local residents and various measures for local residents in the host area, the development of the region, and the basic data for many visitors to revisit and recommend positively to others, To achieve this goal, the questionnaire of 292 visitors was finally collected and computerized according to the purpose of data analysis using the IBM SPSS Statistics 26 program.
TERAPI TASAWUF SEBAGAI UPAYA PENANGGULANGAN STRESS, DEPRESI, DAN KECEMASAN
Authors: Muslimin Muslimin
Published: February 2024

Salah satu bentuk stres yang dapat menimbulkan gangguan kejiwaan kecuali kecemasan (ansietas) adalah juga yang dinamakan depresi. Baik kecemasan maupun depresi kedua-duanya mempunyai gejala-gejala gangguan fungsi dari organ-organ tubuh yang dipersarafi oleh sistem saraf otonom (misalnya, pernafasan, peredaran darah, pencernaan, seksual, dan lain sebagainya). Gejala fisik maupun psikis (kecemasan dan depresi) seringkali tumpang tindih, tidak ada suatu batasan yang jelas, sehingga seseorang yang mengalami stres dapat diartikan bahwa orang itu memperlihatkan berbagai keluhan-keluhan fisik, kecemasan, dan juga depresi.

Dalam mengatasi stres, depresi, dan kecemasan seyogyanya selain terapi holistik- para psikiater dapat menggunakan terapi keagamaan, dalam hal ini bisa juga dengan terapi tasawuf. Relevansi tasawuf secara seimbang memberikan kesejukan batin dan disiplin syariah sekaligus. Ia bisa dipahami sebagai pembentuk tingkah laku melalui pendekatan tasawuf suluky, dan bisa memuaskan dahaga intelektual  melalui pendekatan tasawuf falsafi. Ia bisa diamalkan oleh setiap muslim, dari lapisan sosial manapun dan tempat manapun. Secara fisik mereka menghadap satu arah, yaitu Ka’bah dan secara ruhaniah mereka berlomba-lomba menempuh jalan tarekat melewati ahwal dan maqam menuju kepada Tuhan yang satu Allah SWT.
PERAN KEGIATAN REKREATIF DALAM PEMULIHAN KECEMASAN DIRI PARA PENYANDANG DISABILITAS FISIK DI PANTI SOSIAL BINA DAKSA BUDI PERKASA KM 5 PALEMBANG : CASE STUDY DESIGN
Authors: Purnamasari Utty , C.S Aminullah
Published: February 2024

Riwayat disabilitas tubuh siswa berbeda-beda salah satunya mereka ada yang mengalami disabilitas tubuh karena kecelakaan. Selain trauma para siswa juga akan mengalami masalah dalam berinteraksi di lingkungan, seperti menghindari pergaulan luar dikarenakan malu, minder, tidak percaya diri, pesimis Hal tersebut merupakan salah satu faktor kecemasan para siswa, kecemasaan yang tinggi dan terus-menerus berdampak pada kesejahteraan kehidupan mereka. Salah satu faktor pendukung mengurangi bahkan menghilangkan kecemasan terus-menerus adalah melakukan kegiatan yang menyenangkan yang disebut sebagai kegiatan rekreatif. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian lapangan. Jenis data dalam penelitian ini kualitatif dan sumber datanya adalah sumber data primer dan sumber data sekunder. Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan observasi yaitu pengamatan langsung dari lapangan, wawancara terbuka dan secara mendalam dengan mengajukan pertanyaan kepada pihak pengelola panti dan para siswa yang mengalami disabilitas fisik karena kecelakaan serta dokumentasi untuk melihat arsip-arsip data penting mengenai penelitian yang penulis lakukan. Tingkat kecemasan para siswa penyandang disabilitas fisik jika dibandingkan dengan riwayat kecacatannya, jika siswa yang mengalami disabilitas fisik dari sejak bayi/balita memiliki tingkat kecemasan yang tidak terlalu besar sedangkan siswa yang mengalami disabilitas fisik karena kecelakaan memiliki tingkat kecemasan yang lebih besar karena sebagian dari para siswa mengalami trauma. Adapun kegiatan-kegiatan rekreatif yang ada di Panti seperti : bermusik, olahraga, dinamika kelompok dan jalan-jalan. Kegiatan-kegiatan tersebut merupakan kegiatan yang menyenangkan yang memiliki tujuan penting untuk pemulihan kecemasan para siswa di Panti
Bimbingan Mental Spiritual Sebagai Metode Terhadap Penyesuaian Diri Penyandang Disabilitas Fisik di Panti Sosial Bina Daksa Budi Perkasa Palembang
Authors: Murdatina Murdatina , Noviza Neni
Published: February 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui metode dari bimbingan mental spritual dalam penyesuaian diri bagi penyandang disabilitas fisik. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian Field Research (penelitian lapangan)menggunakan metode kualitataif, dimana Peneliti menentukan informan dengan menggunakan teknik pourposive sampling. Berjumlah 8 orang responden yang diwawancarai. Sumber data dalam penelitian yaitu sumber data primer dan sumber data sekunder. Teknik pengumpulan data penelitian menggunakan metode observasi, wawancara, dan dokumentasi. Teknik analisis data dalam penelitian terdiri dari Reduksi data, Display data, Verifikasi dan penarikan simpulan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Penyesuaian diri penyandang disabilitas fisik di Panti Sosial Bina Daksa Budi Perkasa Palembang ialah cara mengajarkan kemandirian dalam berbagai aktivitas sehari-hari, serta meminimalisir rasa malu, minder, mudah putus asa, egois, sabar, tabah, dapat mengendalikan emosi dan menumbuhkan rasa percaya diri.
Respectful-Based Assessment: Sebuah Model Asesmen Bimbingan dan Konseling Bagi Klien Dalam Lingkup Komunitas Sosial
Authors: Haryadi Rudi , Handayani Eka Sri , Ridhani Akhmad Rizkhi
Published: February 2024

This study aims to develop a new model of non-test guidance and counseling assessment that is relevant to the assumptions of multicultural and social justice oriented which is manifested in the RESPECTFUL framework for clients in the community (outside school). The research design used was the Richey & Klein level 1 PPE model. The assessment model was designed by researcher I based on the results of the literature study. The Delphi questionnaire was then distributed to 3 experts and 4 community practitioners to test the content of the developed assessment. The results of content validation show that the developed model is included in the very good category and can be used in the field with several modifications, such as the need for: (1) target community specifications; (2) correction of the sentence editor; (3) name change; and (4) explanation of the respondent's requirements. However, the effectiveness of its use in the field needs to be further confirmed through field trials. It is recommended for further researchers to conduct field trials of this assessment model with specific target communities and develop a broader assessment in order to reach specific client communities such as people with disabilities, children, and parent.
ASOSIASI KONINKLIJKE JAVA MOTOR CLUB TAHUN 1908-1941
Authors: Elita Karina Sandra
Published: February 2024

This research discusses the association of Koninklijke Java Motor Club from 1908 to 1941. The basis of the theory used is organizational theory. The issue studied is (1) How the development of membership and the composition of membership of the Koninklijke Java Motor Club association in the Dutch East Indies, (2) What activities the Koninklijke Java Motor Club association conducted in the Dutch East Indies in 1908 to 1942, (3) How the Koninklijke Java Motor Club association cooperated with other associations both in the Dutch East Indies and outside the Dutch East Indies. The results showed that the Koninklijke Java Motor Club is a society of people who own motor vehicles (either cars or motorcycles) in the Dutch East Indies, this association belongs to the Kingdom of the Netherlands.The development of the number of members of the Koninklijke Java Motor Club from 1908 to 1941 showed fluctuating, this was due to the malaise crisis in 1930. Initially, Koninklijke Java Motor Club activities only in Java Island then developed in Sumatra, Bali, and Sulawesi.With the widespread activities of Koninklijke Java Motor Club outside Java Island decided to change the name of the association to Koninklijke Nederlandsch Indie Motor Club in December 1932. It can be concluded that Koninklijke Nederlandsch Indie Motor Club is an association oriented towards the hobbies and tourism activities of the Dutch East Indies.

Keywords: Koninklijke Java Motor Club; Dutch East Indies; Association; Koninklijke Nederlandsch Indie Motor-Club
Groupwork to support self care after stroke
Authors: Neal Debbie
Published: February 2024

Stroke is one of the commonest neurological conditions and is the third most common cause of death and the most common cause of severe disability in the United Kingdom. Although risk of a further stroke is particularly high after a Transient Ischaemic Attack (TIA) or first stroke, recent national and local data indicate that patients’ and carers’ knowledge of stroke and of the lifestyle changes needed to reduce the recurrent risk of stroke is poor and information provision is limited. In addition, patients and carers report that they feel abandoned when they return home and carers are more likely to be depressed than stroke survivors.
Life is beautiful
Authors: Shik Angela W. Y. , Yue Judia Sau-Chun , Tang Kwong-leung
Published: February 2024

This paper describes the design and implementation of a reminiscence group for Chinese older people with mild dementia at a Hong Kong nursing home. Specifically, participant observation indicated that such groupwork resulted in improved social, cognitive, and motor skills, and increased display of positive affect. Thus, this project provides evidence of the relevance of reminiscence groupwork for older people from a Chinese cultural background; most particularly, its ability to create a feeling of family among group members while allowing them to keep memories of their loved ones alive through informative reminiscence. Overall, the findings suggest that reminiscence groupwork is conducive to the physical and mental well-being of older Chinese with dementia and contributes positively to their healthy, successful ageing.
Improving malaria prediction with ensemble learning and robust scaler: An integrated approach for enhanced accuracy
Authors: Khoirunnisa Azka , Ramadhan Nur Ghaniaviyanto
Published: February 2024

Mosquito bites are the primary transmission method for malaria, a prevalent and significant health concern worldwide. In the context of malaria incidence, Indonesia is the second most affected country after India. According to the Ministry of Health's report, Papua Province reported 216,380 malaria cases in 2019. Additionally, East Nusa Tenggara and West Papua said 12,909 and 7,029 points, respectively, reflecting the substantial national burden of this disease. Predicting malaria occurrence based on symptomatic presentation is a crucial preventive strategy. Machine learning models offer a promising approach to malaria prediction. This study focused on malaria detection by using patient data from Nigeria. This research proposes a detection system utilizing the Ensemble method, such as Decision Tree, Random Forest, and Bagging. This study also employing Robust Scaler for effective normalization and integrating K-fold cross-validation to enhance model robustness. Various experiments were conducted by systematically varying K values and the number of decision trees to ascertain the most effective hyperparameters yielding the highest accuracy. The findings indicate that the optimal accuracy 82% is achieved at a K value of 20, showing comparable accuracies across different decision tree quantities, underlining the robustness of the employed method. This research significantly advances malaria detection strategies, offering valuable insights into the effective deployment of machine learning in healthcare decision-making.
A Critical Analysis of the Quantum Nonlocality Problem: On the Polemic Assessment of What Bell Did
Authors: Lambare Justo Pastor
Published: February 2024

Despite their Nobel prize-winning empirical verification, the interpretation of the Bell inequality remains controversial. The alleged nonlocal character of quantum mechanics is inextricably related to the formulation of the Bell theorem. However, as is usually presented, the relation disagrees with Bell's approach and is inappropriately posed. The departure from the clear line of reasoning that Bell tried to convey has contributed to a polarization of part of the scientific community. We review part of Bell's work and show how the correct appreciation of Bell's rationale calls for reformulating a widespread argument on quantum nonlocality, yielding a more balanced perspective of the problem. We highlight a more formal proof of quantum mechanics' violation of local causality. For completeness, we mention a few alternatives that may justify considering quantum mechanics as a local theory.
Elimination of Shrinkage in Ductile Iron Castings Using Computer Simulation of Casting and Solidification
Authors: Futas Peter , Pribulova Alena , Sabik Vladimir , Petrik Jozef , Blasko Peter , Brzeziński Marcin
Published: February 2024

The production of high-quality castings without foundry defects at minimal production costs is a constant priority for foundries. Innovation and optimization of production processes are key to achieving this goal. Computer simulation of foundry processes offers a modern alternative to expensive and time-consuming experiments in real foundries and provides a reliable representation and analysis of casting and solidification processes. A detailed analysis of the casting and solidification simulation results allows the prediction of various risks that can cause defects in cast castings, thereby reducing their quality and, last but not least, the cost of their production. The paper deals with the analysis of a computer simulation of the casting of a brake disc in the Slovak foundry. This brake disc has had shrinkages and micro shrinkages that reduce the internal quality of the casting. These defects occurred in the ribs in the upper part of the casting under the feeders. A computer simulation of the casting and solidification of this casting was made according to real conditions. It turned out that the designed ingate system with a system of feeders was not sufficient to eliminate emerging defects. A new layout of the feeders was proposed, which ultimately eliminated the occurrence of defects based on the results of computer simulation. The input parameters were set to be as close as possible to the actual needs of the foundry. 3D models of the assemblies were designed in SolidWorks CAD software, and filling and solidification simulations were performed using the NovaFlow & Solid CV 4.6r42 simulation program.
Enhancing Robot Behavior with EEG, Reinforcement Learning and Beyond: A Review of Techniques in Collaborative Robotics
Authors: Gonzalez-Santocildes Asier , Vazquez Juan-Ignacio , Eguiluz Andoni
Published: February 2024

Collaborative robotics is a major topic in current robotics research posing new challenges, especially in Human-Robot Interaction. The crucial aspect in this area of research focuses on understanding the behavior of robots when engaging with humans, where reinforcement learning is a key discipline that allows us to explore sophisticated emerging reactions. This review aims to delve into the relevance of different sensors and techniques, with special attention to EEG (electroencephalography data on brain activity) and its influence on the behavior of robots interacting with humans. In addition, mechanisms available to mitigate potential risks during the experimentation process such as virtual reality will also be addressed. In the final part of the paper, future lines of research combining the areas of collaborative robotics, reinforcement learning, virtual reality and human factors will be explored, as this last aspect is vital to ensure safe and effective Human-Robot Interactions.
Bioactive Compounds from Campsis radicans L.: Antioxidant and Antiproliferative Effects on Colon Cancer Cells
Authors: Karaduman Tugce , Soylukan Caner
Published: February 2024

This study focuses on the potential medicinal properties of Campsis radicans L. extracts and its aim is to investigate the antioxidant and antiproliferative effects of these extracts on the human colon adenocarcinoma cell line (HT-29). Cytotoxic activity in the HT-29 cell line was evaluated, and the 3-dimensional structures of phenolic compounds were obtained using the GC-MS method. Docking simulations were performed with AutoDock Vina, targeting proteins that are crucial in the apoptotic pathway (Bax, Bcl-2, and Caspase-3). Drug similarities and ADMET estimates of the phenolic compounds were obtained from databases. The highest antioxidant activity of Campsis radicans L. plant was observed in ethanol and water extracts, with notable inhibition capacities. While the total phenolic content was highest in ethanol, water, and ether extracts respectively the total flavonoid content was highest in ethanol, then ether, and water extracts. Certain elements were undetectable in mineral determination, and others exceeded the toxic doses for plants. The water extract exhibited dose-dependent cytotoxic activity in the HT-29 cell line, with an IC50 value of 4.47 mg/mL. Molecular docking results revealed the binding of phenolic molecules to the active sites of apoptotic pathway proteins. The findings suggest that Campsis radicans L. plant possesses cytotoxic properties, significant phenolic and flavonoid content, and a high antioxidant capacity. These properties make it a potential candidate for treatment use, emphasizing its potential therapeutic value in the HT-29 cell line. Further research and exploration on the identified phenolic compounds could contribute to the development of novel therapeutic agents.
Does Limited Dorsiflexion during Swing Phase in Hemiparesis Depend on Spasticity?
Authors: Vinti Maria , Blandeau Mathias , Pillet Hélène , Skalli Wafa , Decq Philippe , Merlo Andrea , Gracies Jean-Michel , Bayle Nicolas , Ghédira Mouna , Hutin Emilie
Published: February 2024

Plantar flexors (PF) spasticity is known to poorly correlate with active dorsiflexion (DF) impairment throughout the swing phase of hemiparetic gait. Spastic Cocontraction, instead, stemming from descending pathways, potentially misdirect antagonist PF activity opposing DF during swing. Electromyographic (EMG) recordings, while unable to differentiate between reflex-based and descending origins, may offer valuable insights into this distinction by exploring PF EMG activity after tibial nerve neurotomy (which eliminates PF spasticity). Eleven subjects with hemiparesis walking at comfortable velocity and 11 controls walking at comfortable and slow velocity, underwent kinematic and PF/DF EMG analysis. Five of the hemiparetic subjects underwent tibial neurotomy >1 year prior. We evaluated spasticity at rest (Tardieu scale), maximal ankle dorsiflexion, tibialis anterior agonist recruitment and gastrocnemius medialis and soleus cocontraction coefficients during swing. At slow velocity, controls (0.80±0.12 m/s) moved at a similar pace as hemiparetic subjects (0.73±0.37 m/s, NS). Hemiparetic subjects showed: (i) reduced ankle DF across swing (ii) increased PF cocontraction, including before any DF (iii) higher cocontraction despite absent spasticity in tibial neurotomy subjects (iv) higher tibialis anterior recruitment. Increased PF cocontraction occurs in the absence of spasticity or ankle DF despite higher agonist recruitment. Spastic cocontraction is a major factor limiting active DF at swing, unlike spasticity.
Pharmaceutical Screening of Bat Feces and Their Traditional Medical Application
Authors: Chung Kou-Toung , Lin Ching-Lung , Chuang Wu-Chang , Lee Ming-Chung , Chen Li-Wen , Wu Chung-Hsin
Published: February 2024

Bat feces were reported in ancient Chinese medicine books to have the effect of reducing heat and improving eyesight, but the mechanism of vision improvement still needs further research. To this end, we used 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry (LC/MS/MS) to analyze the antioxidant capacity of and the types of vitamins in bat feces. We hoped to screen the pharmacological components of bat feces, and to explain the role that these components may play in the treatment of visual deterioration. Our results found that bat feces had a good antioxidant capacity and mainly contain vitamins B1 (thiamine), B2 (riboflavin), B3 (nicotinamide), B3 (nicotinic acid), and B5 (pantothenic acid). Although these vitamins may help maintain the health of the optic nerve and cornea, the vitamin content of bat feces is low, but the heavy metal content is high, as shown using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) analysis. Therefore, we suggest that the use of bat feces as traditional Chinese medicine to improve vision should be strictly restricted.
Risk Assessment for Linear Regression Models in Metrology
Authors: Božić Dubravka , Runje Biserka , Razumić Andrej
Published: February 2024

The conformity assessment of products or a measured value with the given standards is carried out based on the global risk of producers and consumers calculation. A product may conform to specifications but be falsely rejected as non-conforming. This is about the producer's risk. If a product doesn't meet the requirements but is falsely accepted as conforming, that poses a risk to the consumer. The conventional approach to risk assessment, which yields only a single numerical value for the global risk of producers and consumers, is naturally extended, and utilized for assessing risk in measurement models with linear regression. The outcomes of the two-dimensional extension, along a moderate scale, are the parabolas with an opening upwards. Risk surfaces were obtained through three-dimensional extension over the area limited by the moderate scale and guard band axes. Four models with different ranges of tolerance intervals were used to test this innovative method of risk assessment in linear regression. The corresponding standard measurement uncertainties are determined by applying a simplified measurement model with the use of comprehensive data on the measurement performance and by determining measurement uncertainty derived from consideration of the functional relationship obtained by linear regression analysis. Models that utilize information from linear regression analysis to determine measurement uncertainty are biased towards risks at the edges of the moderate scale. Testing the model's performances with metrics related to the confusion matrix, such as the F1 score, further substantiated this assertion. The diagnostic odds ratio has been proven to be extremely effective in identifying the curve along the guard band axis, along which the global risks of producers and consumers are at their lowest.
Fractal Dimension of Ismail’s Third Entropy with Fractal Applications to CubeSat Technologies and Education
Authors: A Mageed Dr Ismail
Published: February 2024

Entropy as a mathematical concept is the first of its own kind, and second to none. Barely one or two papers in literature have investigated fractal dimensions of very basic entropies, such as Shannon, Tsallis, and Rényi entropic expressions. This was a thoughtful inspiration to delve into a step forward towards a unified information- theoretic fractal theory. The storytelling of this current paper starts by introducing my third entropy formula, namely Ismail’s entropy, , as a novel generalization to Shannonian entropy with a visionary link to both long- and short-range interactions, (LRIs), (SRIs) respectively. Clearly, this would generate a fourfold unification with statistical mechanics as well as contemporary physics. Hence, this adds more credibility and weight for this study. The fractal dimension of , is identified in this paper. As an essential part of this work, it was influential to spotlight the importance of fractal geometry to space industry as well as education, which is crucial to develop our societies. Thus, some potential fractal applications to CubeSat Technologies and Education are highlighted. So, will the deep search for more ground-breaking research has come to an end. Certainly, not. This was another inspiration to propose new open problems to widen research gates to the scientific community for more research pathways. Consequently, the paper ends with closing remarks combined with some challenging open problems and the next phase of research.
Symptom Extraction of Internal Medicine Diseases of Traditional Chinese Medicine Based on BERT-BiLSTM-CRF Model
Authors: ZHAO Hanqing , Li Yuehan , Zhang Shuai
Published: February 2024

This study focuses on the reasoning of symptoms of TCM internal diseases. Taking cough as an example, the BERT-BiLSTM-CRF model is used for entity recognition. Experiments show that the model has the best entity recognition effect on three types of texts, including teaching cases, clinical cases and literature data, and the F1 value is up to 0.967. It can effectively identify symptoms, course of disease, tongue condition and pulse condition in TCM diagnosis and treatment texts, which lays a solid foundation for intelligent assisted syndrome differentiation and treatment of TCM. By constructing four types of entity corpora and using three mainstream entity recognition models for experiments, it is found that the BERT-BiLSTM-CRF model has a good entity recognition effect in three types of data: teaching cases, clinical cases and literature data. Experimental results show that the F1 values of the BERT-bilSTM-CRF model in teaching cases, clinical cases and literature data are 0.967, 0.82 and 0.91, respectively, which provides an effective method for information extraction in the field of TCM syndrome differentiation diagnosis and treatment, and lays a foundation for further research on knowledge reasoning.
Clinical Variables and Peripheral Biomarkers Associated with Substance-Induced Psychotic Disorder: Which Differences between Alcohol, Cannabis and Psychostimulants?
Authors: Di Paolo Martina , Calabrese Antonia , Nosari Guido , Ciappolino Valentina , Cirella Luisa , Caldiroli Alice , Capuzzi Enrico , Clerici Massimo , Buoli Massimiliano
Published: February 2024

Introduction: Substance-induced psychotic disorder (SIPD) is a mental health condition linked to the use of a psychotropic substance whose pathogenesis has not been totally clarified. The present retrospective observational study has the objective to identify differences in clinical features and peripheral biomarkers in SIPD patients according to the main substance of abuse.Methods: A total sample of 218 patients was divided in 3 groups according to the type of consumed substance: alcohol, cannabis and psychostimulants. The 3 groups were compared for continuous variables by one-way analyses of variance (ANOVAs) and for qualitative variables by χ² tests. After removing alcohol-induced psychotic disorder group, the same analyses were repeated. Statistically significant variables from these latter analyses were included in a binary logistic regression model to confirm their reliability as predictors for cannabis- or psychostimulants-induced psychotic disorders. Results: Psychotic cannabis abusers were younger (p<0.01) and had an earlier age at onset (p<0.01). On the contrary, alcohol consumers resulted to have a longer duration of illness (p<0.01), more previous hospitalizations (p=0.04), more frequent medical comorbidity (p<0.01), higher mean Modified Sad Person Scale scores (p<0.01). Finally, psychostimulant abusers had more frequently a lifetime history of poly-substance use disorders (p<0.01). Binary logistic regression revealed that higher mean Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale scores (p<0.01) higher sodium (p=0.012) and haemoglobin(p=0.040) plasma levels were predictors of cannabis misuse in SIPD patients.Conclusions: Different clinical factors and biochemical parameters con be associated to SIPD according to the main substance of abuse, thus requiring a specific management by clinicians.
On the Nature of Time, Space and Matter: Energy Elements, Hierarchical World, and a Classical Interpretation on Quantum Mechanics
Authors: Tao Guohua
Published: February 2024

Time and space are fundamental concepts for characterizing and understanding our world. Despite of continuous curiosity and extensive studies, the nature of time and space remains elusive, and the underlying quantum structure is unclear. Here we propose a molecular model based on energy space decomposition to incorporate time and space synthetically in a unified framework. In the proposed model, the multipole expansion of action mapped to energy modules in scalar, vector, and matrix forms, results in the generators of time, space, and a material framework, cloud. And the invariance of time, space and cloud transformation corresponds to the conservation of energy, momentum, and mass, respectively. The classification of energy modules reveals a periodicity of energy elements, which constructs a hierarchical world in a molecular framework with dynamics represented by energy transformations. Here the role of time and space could switch from each other, and motion is attributed to the coupling of particle with intermediate bosons, corresponding to energy transformations among different energy modules. The application on Bohr model demonstrates that this picture provides a consistent classical interpretation to the foundation of quantum mechanics, and suggests an atomic model for gravitation.
Advanced Deep Learning Model for Predicting Academic Performance in Students at Educational Institutions
Authors: Baniata Laith H. , Kang Sangwoo , Alsharaiah Mohammad A. , Baniata Mohammad H.
Published: February 2024

Educational institutions must identify students who are academically struggling to provide them with necessary support to improve their performance. In this context, recommendation systems powered by deep learning techniques are vital for detecting and categorizing such students. These systems help students plan their future by uncovering patterns in their historical academic data. This study introduces a new deep learning model designed to classify academically underperforming students in educational settings. The model incorporates a Gated Recurrent Neural Network (GRU) and includes specific neural network features like a dense layer, max-pooling layer, and the ADAM optimization algorithm. The model's training and evaluation were conducted using a dataset comprising 15,165 student assessment records from various academic institutions. The performance of the developed GRU model was benchmarked against other educational recommendation systems, including Recurrent Neural Network models, AdaBoost, and the Artificial Immune Recognition System v2. The proposed GRU model demonstrated remarkable accuracy, achieving an overall rate of 99.70%.
Kullback-Leibler Divergence(KLD) Formalism of The Stable Queue with KLD Applications to Biometrics
Authors: A Mageed Dr Ismail
Published: February 2024

The paper explores the Kullback-Leibler divergence formalism (KLDF) applied to the stable MG1 queue manifold. More potentially, both service time probability and cumulative functions which make KLDF exact are obtained. The credibility of KLDF is justified through consistency axioms. Some potential applications of Kullback-Leibler divergence to Biometry are presented. The paper concludes with closing remarks combined with some challenging open problems and the next phase of research.
Management of Short Bowel Syndrome/Chronic Intestinal Failure – the Experience of a Single Portuguese Center
Authors: Santos Marisa Domingues , Magalhães Vânia , Loureiro Luís , Pina Pedro , Castro Ana , Aguiar Paulina , Gomes Ana , Soares Diana , Rocha Anabela
Published: February 2024

Aim: To analyze a single center's experience with Short Bowel Syndrome/ Chronic Intestinal Failure (SBS/CIF) in adult patients treated with Home Parenteral Nutrition (HPN).
Materials and methods: In the last thirty years, 13 patients with SBS/CIF were included in an HPN program.
Results: Between 1992 and 2023, 13 patients were included in an HPN program. The primary underlying pathology was acute mesenteric ischemia. The median age of the starting HPN was 44 years old. Most are submitted to several surgeries of extensive intestinal resection with posterior intestinal reconstruction. Five of the 13 patients have died while on HPN for a median of 42 months. The causes of death HPN-related were catheter sepsis, endocarditis with cardiac failure, or hepatic failure. One patient died due to underlying pathology: pelvic abscesses and bleeding related to radiotherapy. Eight patients remain alive with a median time of HPN of 173 months. During the HPN support, the most frequent complications were venous catheter infection and venous territory thrombosis. None of the eight patients alive have hepatic failure. Two patients recently started teduglutide, with good tolerance, and need reduction of HPN support. All these eight patients have a satisfactory quality of life (parenteral support needs range between five to two nutrition bags per week).
Conclusion: HPN remains the gold standard of SBS/CIF treatment, although Teduglutide may reduce HPN needs and HPN complications and provide a better quality of life. An HPN multidisciplinary healthcare group support is essential to ensure these patients' survival and quality of life.
Keywords
Short bowel Syndrome, Chronic Intestinal failure, Home Parenteral Nutrition, Teduglutide, Complications of Parenteral Support.
The Mitochondrion as the Major Basis of Brain Aging
Authors: Bondy Stephen Claude
Published: February 2024

The changes in the properties of three biological events, that occur with cerebral aging, are discussed. These adverse changes already begin to develop early in mid-life and gradually become more pronounced with senescence. Essentially, they are reflections of the progressive decline in effectiveness of key processes, resulting in the deviation of essential biochemical trajectories to ineffective and ultimately harmful variants of these programs.
The emphasis of this review is the major role played by mitochondria in such transition of these three important processes toward more deleterious variants as brain aging proceeds.

1. The immune system. The shift away from an efficient immune response to a more unfocused, continuing inflammatory condition. Such a state is both ineffective and harmful.

2. Reactive oxygen species are important intracellular signaling systems. Also, microglial phagocytic activity utilizing short lived reactive oxygen species contribute to the removal of aberrant or dead cells and bacteria. These processes are transformed into an excessive, untargeted and persistent generation of pro-oxidant free radicals (oxidative stress).

3. The normal efficient neural transmission is modified to a state of undirected, chronic low-level excitatory activity.

Each of these changes is characterized by the occurrence of continuous activity that is inefficient and diffuse. The signal/noise ratio of several critical biological events is thus reduced as beneficial responses are gradually replaced by their impaired and deleterious variants.
Siegesbeckia orientalis Suppresses Growth and Migration through Apoptosis and Inhibition of Matrix Metalloproteinases Expression on Hepatoma in Mice
Authors: Chen Tzu-Hua , Houng Jer-Yiing , Chang Tzu-Hsien , Chen Ya-Ling , Chang Chi-Chang , Chang Long-Sen
Published: February 2024

This study investigated the inhibitory effect of Siegesbeckia orientalis ethanolic extract (SOE) on growth and metastasis of hepatic tumors in C57BL/6JNarl mice, which is the model of tumor-igenesis induced by subcutaneous injection of Hepa1-6 murine hepatoma cells on the back of mice. Feeding 25 mg SOE/kg BW daily for 14 days effectively reduced the hepatoma weight in tu-mor-bearing mice by 59.7%. SOE intervention reduced the expression of anti-apoptotic Bcl-2 gene in tumor tissue by 48.5% and down-regulated the antioxidant system, by reducing the gene ex-pression of catalase (48.0%), glutathione peroxidase (46.3%), and superoxide dismutase (32.0%). In addition, SOE intervention increased the production of ROS by 21.4%, and the gene expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6 by 135.3%, 179.3% and 91.7%, respectively, indicating that SOE intervention promoted the acute inflammatory response. Results of H&E staining analysis showed that SOE had the ability to inhibit angiogenesis in tumor tissue. Fur-thermore, SOE treatment inhibited the expression of migration-related genes, such as MMP-2, MMP-7, MMP-9 and β-catenin, and the inhibition rates were 24.8%, 27.4%, 10.4% and 21.9%, respectively. These results imply that SOE had the ability to suppress tumor metastasis. On the other hand, SOE intervention decreased the serum contents of inflammatory cytokines, such as TNF-α, IL-1β and IL-6 by 27.4%, 30.4%, and 30.7%, respectively, indicating that SOE intervention has an anti-inflammatory effect on normal tissues of mice. Since SOE intervention had no signif-icant effect on liver and kidney weights, and no mice died throughout the experiment, it shows that it is safe to feed SOE under this experimental condition. Based on the above results, SOE has a great potential to be used in the treatment of hepatoma.
Differential Regulation of Age-Dependent Neurodegeneration and Buildup Human Phosphorylated Tau in Neurons in Drosophila by ATG14L, ATG6/Beclin 1 and VPS34
Authors: Chuang Chia-Lung , Lin Yan-Rui , Tu Yi-Han , Chi Hao , Sang Tzu-Kang , Chang Hui-Yun
Published: February 2024

Neuronal cells are believed to rely on autophagy to maintain cellular homeostasis. Nevertheless, autophagy may be a therapeutic target for neurodegenerative diseases because of the role it plays in neuronal cell death. Despite Beclin 1 association with autophagy and apoptosis, the molecular mechanisms that underlie Tau-induced vesicular pathology and Tau protein aggregates in humans remain poorly understood. Here, we set out to examine the role of three genes-ATG14L, Beclin 1 and VPS34- in autophagy nucleation failure-associated Tau disorders in fruit fly models. We found that either reduced ATG14L levels improve neuronal outcomes, or transgenic expression of ATG6/Beclin 1 greatly reduced age-dependent neurodegeneration and Tau pathology; whereas, the loss of Beclin 1 exacerbated these effects. Prior to p-Tau accumulation, the neuronal Beclin 1 network is critical for reducing p-Tau accumulation, indicating that the loss of Beclin 1 causes Tau pathology and neurodegeneration. As neurodegeneration progressed, glial cells showed an upregulation of vesicular Beclin 1 immunoreactivities. The reduced VPS34 also resulted in p-Tau accumulation, suggesting that neurons require both Beclin 1 and VPS34 to reduce p-Tau accumulation. Our results provide mechanistic insight into the molecular pathways that cause age-dependent Tau pathology and neurodegeneration due to an excess of autophagy nucleation processes and autophagy activity, and we derive novel inferences on the therapeutic possibilities of rebalanced Beclin 1 network by reducing autophagic specific nucleation component of ATG14L.
Application of Cage Clamps in Rebar Cages to Enhance Stability and Safety: Experimental and Analytical Investigations
Authors: Vahedi Masood , Ebrahimian Hamed , Itani Ahmad
Published: February 2024

Rebar cages form the skeletal framework of reinforced concrete structural members. They comprise longitudinal and transverse reinforcing bars, usually connected by tie wires. Past studies have identified tie-wire connections as the "weak links" in large, prefabricated rebar cages, leading to their failure during site handling and construction stages. Recent research has explored the use of mechanical U-bolt connectors to bolster stability and safety of rebar cages while reducing their vulnerability and risk of failure. This paper presents a comprehensive experimental and numerical investigation of a new type of mechanical connector, referred to as "Cage Clamp", to enhance rebar cage stability and safety. Component-level experimental tests are conducted to determine the force-displacement response of Cage Clamp connectors for crossbar connections in different degrees of freedom. The results highlight the remarkable strength and stiffness of Cage Clamp connectors, significantly outperforming traditional tie-wire connections. Furthermore, full-scale experimental tests are performed on a circular underground pile-shaft rebar cage with Cage Clamp connectors to assess its behavior under various site handling conditions. The data obtained from these experiments are used to construct and refine detailed 3D finite element models of the rebar cages, capable of capturing the complex behavior of rebar cages with Cage Clamp connectors. Using the numerical model, a sensitivity analysis is performed to assess the effect of the number of Cage Clamps on the deflection and stability of the rebar cage. The findings show that using cage clamps to connect pick-up rebar with lateral reinforcement at every 8 to 10 feet is sufficient to ensure the stability of the cage during typical site handling conditions. The results of this study serve as a basis for establishing analysis, design, fabrication, and handling guidelines for rebar cages, contributing to safe and efficient construction practices.
The Dependence Structure of Hamiltonians of the SK-Model
Authors: Wang Zhaoxu , NIu Xijuan
Published: February 2024

The SK model proposed by Sherrington and Kirkpatrick is an important
mean field model for spin glasses. The dependence structure of Hamiltonians of the SK model is considered in this paper. We have investigated the covariance matrix of Hamiltonians of the SK model, and establish a relationship between the rank of the corresponding covariance matrix and the dimension of the space spanned by the Hamiltonians. Finally, we also give an upper bound for the rank of the covariance matrix, which might be the best.
Lipase- and Base Catalyzed Synthesis of Enantiopure β-Blocker (S)-Atenolol
Authors: Jacobsen Elisabeth , Hansen Mari Bergan , Tennfjord Anna Lifen , Blindheim Fredrik Heen , Bocquin Lucas Hugo Yvan
Published: February 2024

(S)-Atenolol ((S)-2-(4-(2-Hydroxy-3-(isopropylamino)propoxy)phenyl)acetamide) has been synthesized in >99% ee with use of Candida antarctica lipase B from Syncozymes (Shanghai, China), in a kinetic resolution of the corresponding racemic chlorohydrin. Deprotonation of the starting phenol building block was base catalyzed. The enantiopurity of the chlorohydrin building block remained unchanged upon subsequent amination. All four steps in the synthesis protocol have been optimized compared to previously reported methods, which makes this new protocol more sustainable and in accordance with green chemistry principles compared to previously reported protocols.