bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Germline copy number variations in BRCA1/2 negative families: Role in the molecular etiology of hereditary breast cancer in Tunisia
Authors: Boujemaa Maroua , Hamdi Yosr , Mejri Nesrine , Romdhane Lilia , Ghedira Kais , Bouaziz Hanen , El Benna Houda , Labidi Soumaya , Dallali Hamza , Jaidane Olfa , Ben Nasr Sonia , Haddaoui Abderrazek , Rahal Khaled , Abdelhak Sonia , Boussen Hamouda , Boubaker Mohamed Samir
Published: January 2021

Hereditary breast cancer accounts for 5–10% of all breast cancer cases. So far, known genetic risk factors account for only 50% of the breast cancer genetic component and almost a quarter of hereditary cases are carriers of pathogenic mutations inBRCA1/2genes. Hence, the genetic basis for a significant fraction of familial cases remains unsolved. This missing heritability may be explained in part by Copy Number Variations (CNVs). We herein aimed to evaluate the contribution of CNVs to hereditary breast cancer in Tunisia. Whole exome sequencing was performed for 9BRCAnegative cases with a strong family history of breast cancer and 10 matched controls. CNVs were called using the ExomeDepth R-package and investigated by pathway analysis and web-based bioinformatic tools. Overall, 483 CNVs have been identified in breast cancer patients. Rare CNVs affecting cancer genes were detected, of special interest were those disruptingAPC2,POU5F1,DOCK8,KANSL1,TMTC3and the mismatch repair genePMS2. In addition, common CNVs known to be associated with breast cancer risk have also been identified including CNVs onAPOBECA/B,UGT2B17andGSTT1genes. Whereas those disruptingSULT1A1andUGT2B15seem to correlate with good clinical response to tamoxifen. Our study revealed new insights regarding CNVs and breast cancer risk in the Tunisian population. These findings suggest that rare and common CNVs may contribute to disease susceptibility. Those affecting mismatch repair genes are of interest and require additional attention since it may help to select candidates for immunotherapy leading to better outcomes.
Predictors of serological cure after penicillin therapy in HIV-negative patients with early syphilis in Shenzhen, China
Authors: Luo Zhenzhou , Ding Yi , Yuan Jun , Tian Lishan , Zhang Li , Wu Qiuhong , Mou Jinsong
Published: January 2021

Background

Syphilis is a common infectious disease worldwide. Serological monitoring is important for syphilis management. We currently know little about the characteristics of this seronegative response. The aim of this study was to explore the factors associated with serological cure after treatment of early syphilis.

Methods

A retrospective cohort study was conducted and the data of patients with early syphilis in a clinic in Shenzhen from 2011 to 2019 were retrieved. Univariable and multiple Cox proportional hazard regression models were utilized to identify factors associated with a serological cure state among syphilis patients with early syphilis two years after treatment.

Results

A total of 346 (85.9%) syphilis patients achieved serological cure. The multivariate analysis results revealed that having a baseline TRUST titer >1:8 was associated with an increased probability of serological cure, compared with having a baseline TRUST titer ≤1:8 (HR = 1.43, 95% CI = 1.10–1.85, P<0.01); primary syphilis was positively associated with serological cure, compared with participants with latent early syphilis (HR = 1.72, 95% CI = 1.27–2.33, P<0.001).

Conclusions

Two years after treatment, a higher percentage of early syphilis patients achieved serological cure. The study indicated that the syphilis stage and baseline serum titer were crucial factors associated with serological cure.
Earlier preterm birth is associated with a worse neurocognitive outcome in a rabbit model
Authors: van der Merwe Johannes , van der Veeken Lennart , Inversetti Analisa , Galgano Angela , Toelen Jaan , Deprest Jan
Published: January 2021

Background

Preterm birth (PTB) and particularly late preterm PTB has become a research focus for obstetricians, perinatologists, neonatologists, pediatricians and policy makers alike. Translational models are useful tools to expedite and guide clinical but presently no model exists that contextualizes the late PTB scenario. Herein we aimed to develop a rabbit model that echo’s the clinical neurocognitive phenotypes of early and late PTB.

Methods

Time mated rabbit does underwent caesarean delivery at a postconceptional age (PCA) of either 28 (n = 6), 29 (n = 5), 30 (n = 4) or 31 (n = 4) days, term = 31 d. Newborn rabbits were mixed and randomly allocated to be raised by cross fostering and underwent short term neurobehavioral testing on corrected post-natal day 1. Open field (OFT), spontaneous alteration (TMT) and novel object recognition (NORT) tests were subsequently performed at 4 and 8 weeks of age.

Results

PTB was associated with a significant gradient of short-term mortality and morbidity inversely related to the PCA. On postnatal day 1 PTB was associated with a significant sensory deficit in all groups but a clear motor insult was only noted in the PCA 29d and PCA 28d groups. Furthermore, PCA 29d and PCA 28d rabbits had a persistent neurobehavioral deficit with less exploration and hyperanxious state in the OFT, less alternation in TMT and lower discriminatory index in the NORT. While PCA 30d rabbits had some anxiety behavior and lower spontaneous alteration at 4 weeks, however at 8 weeks only mild anxiety driven behavior was observed in some of these rabbits.

Conclusions

In this rabbit model, delivery at PCA 29d and PCA 28d mimics the clinical phenotype of early PTB while delivery at PCA 30d resembles that of late PTB. This could serve as a model to investigate perinatal insults during the early and late preterm period.
Via-less electromagnetic band-gap-enabled antenna based on textile material for wearable applications
Authors: Ashyap Adel Y. I. , Elamin N. I. M. , Dahlan S. H. , Abidin Z. Z. , See Chan Hwang , Majid H. A. , AL-Fadhali Najib , Mukred Jameel A. A. , Saleh Gameel , Esmail B. A. F.
Published: January 2021

A compact fabric antenna structure integrated with electromagnetic bandgap structures (EBGs) covering the desired frequency spectrum between 2.36 GHz and 2.40 GHz for Medical Body-Area Networks (MBANs), is introduced. The needs of flexible system applications, the antenna is preferably low-profile, compact, directive, and robust to the human body's loading effect have to be satisfied. The EBGs are attractive solutions for such requirements and provide efficient performance. In contrast to earlier documented EBG backed antenna designs, the proposed EBG behaved as shielding from the antenna to the human body, reduced the size, and acted as a radiator. The EBGs reduce the frequency detuning due to the human body and decrease the back radiation, improving the antenna efficiency. The proposed antenna system has an overall dimension of 46×46×2.4 mm3. The computed and experimental results achieved a gain of 7.2 dBi, a Front to Back Ratio (FBR) of 12.2 dB, and an efficiency of 74.8%, respectively. The Specific Absorption Rate (SAR) demonstrates a reduction of more than 95% compared to the antenna without EBGs. Moreover, the antenna performance robustness to human body loading and bending is also studied experimentally. Hence, the integrated antenna-EBG is a suitable candidate for many wearable applications, including healthcare devices and related applications.
Targeted temperature management at 33°C or 36℃ induces equivalent myocardial protection by inhibiting HMGB1 release in myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury
Authors: Beom Jin Ho , Kim Ju Hee , Seo Jeho , Lee Jung Ho , Chung Yong Eun , Chung Hyun Soo , Chung Sung Phil , Kim Chul Hoon , You Je Sung
Published: January 2021

Acute myocardial infarction (AMI) is lethal and causes myocardial necrosis via time-dependent ischemia due to prolonged occlusion of the infarct-related artery. No effective therapy or potential therapeutic targets can prevent myocardial ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury. Targeted temperature management (TTM) may reduce peri-infarct regions by inhibiting the extracellular release of high mobility group box-1 (HMGB1) as a primary mediator of the innate immune response. We used a rat left anterior descending (LAD) coronary artery ligation model to determine if TTM at 33°C and 36°C had similar myocardial protective effects. Rats were divided into sham, LAD I/R+37°C normothermia, LAD I/R+33°C TTM, and LAD I/R+36°C TTM groups (n = 5 per group). To verify the cardioprotective effect of TTM by specifically inhibiting HMGB1, rats were assigned to sham, LAD I/R, and LAD I/R after pre-treatment with glycyrrhizin (known as a pharmacological inhibitor of HMGB1) groups (n = 5 per group). Different target temperatures of 33°C and 36°C caused equivalent reductions in infarct volume after myocardial I/R, inhibited the extracellular release of HMGB1 from infarct tissue, and suppressed the expression of inflammatory cytokines from peri-infarct regions. TTM at 33°C and 36°C significantly attenuated the elevation of cardiac troponin, a sensitive and specific marker of heart muscle damage, after injury. Similarly, glycyrrhizin alleviated myocardial damage by suppressing the extracellular release of HMGB1. TTM at 33°C and 36°C had equivalent myocardial protective effects by similar inhibiting HMGB1 release against myocardial I/R injury. This is the first study to suggest that a target core temperature of 36°C is applicable for cardioprotection.
Identification of Prostaglandin F2 Receptor Negative Regulator (PTGFRN) as an internalizable target in cancer cells for antibody-drug conjugate development
Authors: Marquez Jorge , Dong Jianping , Dong Chun , Tian Changsheng , Serrero Ginette
Published: January 2021

Antibody-drug conjugates (ADC) are effective antibody-based therapeutics for hematopoietic and lymphoid tumors. However, there is need to identify new targets for ADCs, particularly for solid tumors and cancers with unmet needs. From a hybridoma library developed against cancer cells, we selected the mouse monoclonal antibody 33B7, which was able to bind to, and internalize, cancer cell lines. This antibody was used for identification of the target by immunoprecipitation and mass spectrometric analysis, followed by target validation. After target validation, 33B7 binding and target positivity were tested by flow cytometry and western blot analysis in several cancer cell lines. The ability of 33B7 conjugated to saporin to inhibitin vitroproliferation of PTFRN positive cell lines was investigated, as well as the 33B7 ADCin vivoeffect on tumor growth in athymic mice. All flow cytometry andin vitrointernalization assays were analyzed for statistical significance using a Welsh’s T-test. Animal studies were analyzed using Two-Way Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) utilizing post-hoc Bonferroni analysis, and/or Mixed Effects analysis. The 33B7 cell surface target was identified as Prostaglandin F2 Receptor Negative Regulator (PTGFRN), a transmembrane protein in the Tetraspanin family. This target was confirmed by showing that PTGFRN-expressing cells bound and internalized 33B7, compared to PTGFRN negative cells. Cells able to bind 33B7 were PTGFRN-positive by Western blot analysis.In vitrotreatment PTGFRN-positive cancer cell lines with the 33B7-saporin ADC inhibited their proliferation in a dose-dependent fashion. 33B7 conjugated to saporin was also able to block tumor growthin vivoin mouse xenografts when compared to a control ADC. These findings show that screening antibody libraries for internalizing antibodies in cancer cell lines is a good approach to identify new cancer targets for ADC development. These results suggest PTGFRN is a possible therapeutic target via antibody-based approach for certain cancers.
Diagnostic performance of a rapid whole blood-based RT-LAMP method for malaria diagnosis among apparently healthy blood donors and febrile neonates in Cameroon
Authors: Zebaze Temgoua Kemleu Sylvie Georgette , Ngando Laure , Nguekeng Elvige , Fogang Balotin , Mafo Kapen Marie , Fopa Styve Iruch , Biabi Marie Florence , Essangui Estelle , Assob Nguedia Jules Clement , Ayong Lawrence
Published: January 2021

Light microscopy and rapid diagnostic tests are the two commonly used methods for malaria diagnosis that rely on the direct use of unprocessed blood samples. However, both methods do not have the level of sensitivity required for malaria diagnosis in cases of low density parasitaemia. We report here the diagnostic performance of a whole blood-based reverse transcription loop-mediated isothermal amplification method for Plasmodium falciparum malaria diagnosis in apparently healthy blood donors and febrile neonates in Cameroon. The presence of malaria parasites in whole blood samples was determined by light microscopy, antigen-based rapid diagnostic test (RDT), and by RT-LAMP using a “lyse and amplify” experimental protocol. Of the 256 blood donors tested, 36 (14.1%) were positive for malaria parasites by light microscopy, 38 (14.8%) were positive by RDT whereas 78 (30.5%) were positive by RT-LAMP. Only light microscopy and RT-LAMP detected infection among the febrile neonates (279 neonates, median age: 2 days, range: 1–9 days), with positivity rates of 8.6% and 12.2%, respectively. The overall concordance between the three methods were 75.9% for RT-LAMP and light microscopy, 75.1% for RT-LAMP and RDT, and 83.9% for light microscopy and RDT. Blood parasite densities were significantly lower in the neonates (mean: 97.6, range: 61–192 parasites/μL) compared to the blood donors (mean: 447.8, range: 63–11 000 parasites/μL). Together, the study demonstrates the usefulness of whole blood RT-LAMP for use in rapid pre-screening of blood donors and suspected neonates to avert severe consequences of P. falciparum infections.
Cuido comunicando: diseño y validación de un programa de entrenamiento de habilidades comunicativas para cuidadores de personas con enfermedad de Alzheimer
Authors: Suárez Rojas Tatiana Andrea , Rodriguez-Riaño Leidy-Johanna
Published: January 2021

La investigación sobre comunicación en la Enfermedad de Alzheimer, se ha orientado principalmente a caracterizar la interacción comunicativa de cuidadores y personas con esta condición. Sin embargo, son escasos los programas que fomenten dicha interacción, lo que motiva a crear propuestas que apoyen las relaciones y la interacción comunicativa efectiva entre cuidadores y personas con Enfermedad de Alzheimer. Introducción. Las personas con Enfermedad de Alzheimer, están inmersas en un contexto nutrido de interlocutores, que además deben promover y adecuar la comunicación de acuerdo con sus posibilidades; en esta propuesta se plantea un programa orientado hacia el cuidador y familiar de la persona con Enfermedad de Alzheimer, en quien finalmente recae la responsabilidad de generar una interacción comunicativa efectiva. Material y métodos. La validez del programa fue analizada con las propiedades psicométricas de las actividades, a partir de su pertinencia, coherencia y extensión del programa. Resultados. Se crea el programa Cuido Comunicando orientado a entrenar habilidades de comunicación en cuidadores, se logra validación de contenido por jueces expertos. Conclusiones. El programa le brinda información y entrenamiento en estrategias comunicativas al cuidador y entrenamiento de estas habilidades con las personas a quien cuida, sin dejar a un lado las actividades cognitivo-comunicativas.
Sexismo y mitos del amor romántico en adolescentes que residen en centros de acogida
Authors: Carbonell Ángela , Navarro-Pérez José-Javier , Fernández Irene
Published: January 2021

La investigación explora la relación entre sexismo y la distorsión en mitos del amor romántico en adolescentes que residen en Centros de Acogida de Menores en Valencia (España). El diseño de investigación fue descriptivo transversal con una muestra de 147 adolescentes. Los resultados reflejan una relación estadísticamente significativa que indica que, a mayor sexismo en los y las adolescentes, mayores son las distorsiones románticas. Se identificaron mayores niveles de sexismo hacia las mujeres y mitos del amor romántico en chicos, mientras que las mujeres mostraron mayores puntuaciones en las actitudes sexistas hacia los hombres. Se concluye que la vivencia de situaciones de violencia familiar no tiene un efecto significativo en la adopción de actitudes y creencias sexistas y románticas idealizadas en adolescentes institucionalizados.
«Esos hijos predilectos del liberalismo»: los Ayuntamientos constitucionales del Trienio Liberal
Authors: Cabezas Elena Aguado
Published: January 2021

Los ayuntamientos constitucionales formados en España durante el Trienio Liberal, bajo la legislación gaditana, conforman un espacio significativo de la construcción del Estado en el ámbito local, a la vez que un escenario de poder al que ninguno de los actores políticos quiso renunciar. En el presente trabajo se da cuenta de esa experiencia, que se desarrolla entre la división de los liberales y la contrarrevolución. Se estudia la respuesta social a las novedades, y la actuación de las administraciones locales ante la legislación liberal, que afectaba a la geografía de los municipios y al uso de la tierra en las comunidades rurales. Se añade una aproximación a la nueva normativa de gobierno local de 1823 y las circunstancias en las que se desarrolló el debate de la que está considerada como la primera Ley de Régimen Local en España.
El Trienio Liberal censurado en 1825 por un oficial francés perteneciente a los Cien Mil Hijos de San Luis: un análisis de la obra Madrid, ou Observations sur les moeurs et usages des Espagnols au commencement du XIX siècle
Authors: Aymes Jean-René
Published: January 2021

El Trienio Liberal censurado en 1825 por un oficial francés perteneciente a los Cien Mil Hijos de San Luis: un análisis de la obra Madrid, ou Observations sur les moeurs et usages des Espagnols au commencement du XIX siècle.
Effect of some non-genetic factors on the productivity and profitability of Holstein Friesian dairy cows
Authors: Abd-El Hamed Amira M. , Kamel Eman R.
Published: January 2021

Background and Aim: Milk yield (MY) is one of the main factors that affect the economic profitability of dairy farms. Thus, increasing the MY per animal and decreasing the feed cost can lead to economic gains, so the objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of dry period length (DPL), days open (DO), and days in milk (DIM) on the productivity and profitability of dairy cow farms. Materials and Methods: Data used in this study were taken from 3095 lactation records of Friesian dairy cows of private and governmental sectors. The data were classified into 4 DPL categories: DPL1 <45 days; DPL2 45-60 days; DPL3 61-75 days, and DPL4 >75 days, 3 DO categories: DO1 ≤90 days; DO2 91-110 days and DO3 >111 days, and 8 DIM categories: DIM1 180-210 days; DIM2 211-240 days; DIM3 241-270 days; DIM4 271-300 days; DIM5 301-330 days; DIM6 331-360 days; DIM7 361-447 days; and DIM8 >447 days. Results: The average net profit (NP) was significantly different (p<0.05) among different categories of DPL, DO, and DIM in both production sectors, where high estimates of NP were calculated for DPL3 (30667.3 EGP), and it was the lowest for DPL1 (19690.6 EGP). DO2 had the highest NP (30754.1 EGP), while DO3 had the lowest NP (24875.5 EGP). DIM3 had the highest NP (29569.3 EGP), while DIM8 had the lowest NP (19528.4 EGP). Conclusion: Finally, we can conclude that DPL 61-75 days, DO 91-110 days, and DIM 241-270 days had the highest level of total MY, total return, and NP. Private dairy cow farms achieve a higher level of NP than governmental ones under subtropical Egyptian conditions.
Urban heat island studies in Szeged, Hungary
Authors: Unger János
Published: January 2021

The overview summarizes briefly the contents and results of the papers published in journals dealing with urban heat island investigations in Szeged, Hungary between 1980 and 2020. The thermal data they used came from urban station networks, mobile measurements, local-scale simulations as well as aerial and satellite images.
A Rare Case of Metastatic Merkel Cell Carcinoma to the Stomach and Pancreas Presenting With Upper Gastrointestinal Bleeding and Obstructive Jaundice
Authors: Elkafrawy Ahmed , Numan Laith , Albawaliz Anas , Liu Cynthia , Bahaj Waled , Tawfik Ossama , Hamid Fadi
Published: January 2021

Merkel cell carcinoma (MCC) is a rare and aggressive primary neuroendocrine tumor of the skin. Gastrointestinal (GI) metastasis in MCC is uncommon. We present a case of MCC with metastasis to the stomach, duodenum, and pancreas presenting with melena and obstructive jaundice. A large, bleeding metastatic mass was identified in the duodenum. Hemostasis was achieved with coil embolization. Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography with stenting of the common bile duct was performed to relieve the obstruction. Close surveillance with positron emission tomography/computed tomography scan and possible GI endoscopy should be performed in cases with distant metastasis to identify and treat early GI tract lesions.
Liability Insurance in the Context of the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Noussia Kyriaki
Published: January 2021

The COVID-19 pandemic has meant that business and contractual relationships have been disrupted. The pandemic has also meant that there are legal liabilities owed to disruption, cancellations, or to the imposed halt of everyday life. We discuss force majeure and frustration in contract in cases where circumstances have changed due to unnatural events such as the COVID-19 pandemic and the impact of the pandemic on business interruption, and liability insurance. The scope of insurance coverage for catastrophic risks and the civil liability insurance as well as business interruption coverage are discussed and conclusions on the role of insurance in the COVID-19 pandemic are drawn, as the body of case law and the pandemic per se continues to sweep humanity in an unprecedented way.
El derecho al agua limpia y saneamiento y su influencia en la violencia de género en el campo de refugiados de Dadaab (Kenia)
Authors: Fernández García-Valcárcel Aida , Regueiro Dubra Raquel
Published: January 2021

El objetivo de esta investigación es analizar el derecho al agua limpia y saneamiento y su influencia en la violencia de género en el campo de refugiados de Dadaab (Kenia). Para ello se exploran los parámetros recogidos en la Observación General n.º 15 del Consejo Económico y Social de Naciones Unidas: disponibilidad, calidad y accesibilidad del agua y el saneamiento. Además, se estudian varias formas de violencia de género presentes en el campo que puedan estar relacionadas con el incumplimiento del Objetivo de Desarrollo Sostenible 6, relativo al agua limpia y saneamiento.
Problems of Fiscal Capacity Increasing in the Regions of the Russian Far East
Authors:   Eastern State Planning Center of the Ministry for the Development of the Russian Far East and Arctic, Veprikova Elena , Novitskii Aleksei ,   Eastern State Planning Center of the Ministry for the Development of the Russian Far East and Arctic, Gulidov Ruslan ,   Eastern State Planning Center of the Ministry for the Development of the Russian Far East and Arctic
Published: January 2021

The article examines the current state of regional budgets in the Russian Far Eastern macroregion. The regional per capita budget expenditures lag far behind the country’s average values, that makes regions unable to overcome the existing gap in social development, infrastructural provision of the territory and to improve the quality of life. The article considers possibilities of increasing the regional budget revenues from existing major revenue sources such as tax capacity, intergovernmental transfers (equalization grants) and borrowing. It is argued that in the short term the level of regional budget expenditures may best be increased by grants, in the long term the major potential for sustainable increase in budget income is associated with expansion of economic activity and rise of factor productivity
Penggunaan Fentanyl pada Pasien Sakit Kritis COVID-19
Authors: Musba Andi Muhammad Takdir , Nurdin Haizah
Published: January 2021

Latar Belakang: Nyeri merupakan salah satu masalah utama pada pasien yang dirawat di unit perawatan intensif (ICU). Kombinasi antara pressor response akibat nyeri dengan gangguan oksigenasi pada Corona Virus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) dapat berdampak negatif pada pasien, sehingga menghambat pemulihannya. Opioid sering digunakan untuk mengatasi nyeri di ICU. Namun, efek sampingnya, terutama efek imunosupresif pada pasien COVID-19 masih belum jelas. Opioid dianggap berpotensi memperburuk infeksi COVID-19 dan dapat menyebabkan efek depresi pernapasan pada pasien COVID-19 yang sakit kritis, namun masih kontroversial.Kasus: Wanita, 53 tahun dirawat di unit perawatan intensif dengan pneumonia bilateral yang terkonfirmasi COVID-19. Pasien diberikan fentanyl intravena secara kontinyu sebagai analgesia selama perawatan bantuan pernapasan dengan intubasi endotrakeal dan ventilator mekanis. Pasien menerima opioid fentanyl selama lebih dari seminggu sampai lepas dari ventilasi mekanis dan kemudian diekstubasi. Setelah ekstubasi, pasien mendapat terapi oksigen dengan high flow nasal cannula (HFNC) hingga tidak membutuhkan suplemen oksigen. Pasien keluar dari unit perawatan intensif setelah 14 hari perawatan.Pembahasan: Dengan menggunakan analgesia opioid fentanyl pada pasien ini, analgesia yang baik dapat tercapai. Penilaian analgesia selama ventilasi mekanis menggunakan behaviour pain scale dan terlihat respons yang baik pada pasien ini. Pasien tidak mengalami infeksi yang semakin parah seperti yang ditakutkan dengan penggunaan opioid pada pasien kritis, namun kemungkinan peran imunosupresif dari opioid masih perlu ditelusuri lebih lanjut.Kesimpulan: Penggunaan opioid fentanyl dapat memberikan analgesia yang baik pada pasien COVID-19 yang sakit kritis dengan luaran pasien yang baik.
Tatalaksana Komplikasi Tromboemboli pada Pasien Terkonfirmasi Corona Virus Disease-19
Authors: Aditia Alfian , Adhi Mahendratama Purnama , Rohman Bagus Fajar , Susianto Oky , Kusumawardhani Erna
Published: January 2021

Latar Belakang: Corona Virus Disease-19 (COVID-19) merupakan penyakit pandemi yang dapat menyebabkan komplikasi tromboemboli sebagai akibat terjadinya koagulopati dengan insidensi sekitar 16.5-21%.  Salah satu patofisiologi koagulopati pada pasien COVID-19 disebabkan oleh proses inflamasi. Peningkatan faktor inflamasi, faktor koagulasi, dan skoring klinis digunakan sebagai prediksi terjadinya komplikasi tromboemboli. Pemberian antikoagulan memiliki peran untuk mencegah terjadinya komplikasi tersebut.Kasus: Pasien laki-laki, 43 tahun, positif COVID-19 dengan skor PADUA = 4, peningkatan D-dimer dan mendapatkan terapi profilaksis antikoagulan. Dalam perawatan hari ke-14, sesak napas memberat, takikardi dan hipoksemia dialami pasien. Didapatkan gambaran Humpton’s hump pada foto toraks dan gambaran elektrokardiography (EKG) pola S1Q3T3 dan corrected QT interval (QTc) 552 mms. Penatalaksanaan pasien dengan ventilasi mekanik dan terapi unfractionated heparin (UFH) dosis terapeutik. Saat pasien bebas dari sedasi, ditemukan kelemahan tubuh bagian kiri.Diskusi: Gejala klinis emboli paru umumnya berupa dispnea/takipnea, takikardi, sianosis, hemoptisis, hipoksemia dengan onset akut. Berdasarkan keparahannya, dibagi menjadi masif, sub-masif, risiko rendah. Gambaran Humpton’s hump pada foto toraks dapat menjadi dugaan terjadi emboli paru. Pemeriksaan computed tomography pulmonary angiogram (CTPA) merupakan standar diagnosisnya, namun EKG dapat digunakan sebagai modalitas kecurigaan emboli dengan gambaran takikardi/takiaritmia, pola S1Q3T3 dan pemanjangan interval QTc. Pemberian antikoagulan sebagai tromboprofilaksis tetap tidak dapat mencegah terjadinya komplikasi tromboemboli seperti terjadinya stroke iskemik, tetapi emboli paru merupakan komplikasi tromboemboli yang paling sering terjadi.Kesimpulan: Evaluasi klinis, EKG secara rutin dan kadar D-dimer dapat menjadi pertimbangan dalam pemberian tromboprofilaksis dan dapat menjadi strategi penapisan awal risiko komplikasi tromboemboli. Pada pasien COVID-19 derajat kritis perlu dipertimbangkan pemberian antikoagulan yang lebih agresif dan menggunakan dosis terapeutik.
Ko-infeksi Jamur pada COVID-19 dengan Terapi Steroid
Authors: Permana Septian Adi , Sugiarto Adhrie , Thamrin Muhammad Husni , Purwoko Purwoko , Arifin Arifin , Setijanto Eko
Published: January 2021

Latar belakang: Ko-infeksi jamur pada pasien Corona Virus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) acapkali terjadi. Hal itu dikarenakan kegagalan sistem imun karena infeksi COVID-19 maupun karena pengobatan anti inflamasi yang diberikan.Kasus: Seorang laki-laki 39 tahun dengan acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) berat akibat infeksi COVID-19 dan disertai dengan ko-infeksi jamur. Pasien ini mendapatkan pengobatan steroid dari awal masuk dan pada hari ke-6 hasil kultur sputumnya menunjukkan adanya ko-infeksi jamur. Pasien ini memiliki komorbid berupa riwayat diabetes mellitus. Dari pemeriksaan fisik ditemukan dispnea, takipnea, takikardia sejak hari pertama. Dari hasil laboratorium menunjukkan angka leukosit, high sensitivity c-reactive protein (HsCRP), serum glutamic oxaloacetic (SGOT), gula darah, d-dimmer, lactat dehydrogenase (LDH) dan limfosit netrophyl ratio (LNR) yang tinggi. Pada pasien ini didapatkan rasio PaO2 / FiO2 rendah dan procalcitonin (PCT) yang normal. Dari kultur sputum ditemukan adanya infeksi jamur dan dari hasil rontgen toraks (CXR) menunjukkan pneumonia bilateral. Pasien ini dirawat dengan terapi standar dan mendapatkan dexametason 5 mg / 8 jam, setelah kultur sputum menunjukkan infeksi jamur, pasien juga mendapat mycafungin untuk pengobatan jamurnya.Diskusi: Kecurigaan terhadap ko-infeksi jamur pada pasien COVID-19 yang mendapatkan terapi steroid dalam jangka waktu lama maupun adanya penyerta diabetes harus dipikirkan. Penggunaan terapi anti jamur empiris pun acapkali diperlukan untuk mengurangi morbiditas dan mortalitas.Kesimpulan: Infeksi COVID-19 memiliki risiko terjadinya ko-infeksi, salah satunya adalah infeksi jamur. Insiden koinfeksi jamur diperberat dengan pemberian pengobatan steroid dan riwayat diabetes mellitus.
Sand temperature and moisture monitoring system for turtle nests using Arduino Uno
Authors: Santoso Hendi , Hestirianoto Totok , Jaya Indra
Published: January 2021

This study aims to develop a turtle nests real-time monitoring system using the Arduino Uno to measure the temperature and moisture of sand used conveniently for certain applications. Sand temperature measurement uses a DS18B20 waterproof sensor, sand moisture uses SKU:SEN0193, and air temperature and humidity using DHT22. The micro SD card module is used to store data from sensor calculations in real-time and continuously. The measuring instrument was designed to be portable and easy to use. The material used is polypropylene that has dimensions of 11x6x18 cm3. Using the regression linear analysis, there was no significant difference in temperature measurements using the DS18B20 sensor and analog thermometer and sand humidity using an SKU:SEN0193 sensor and analog humidity measuring instrument.
NOVEL KINKAKUJI: ANTARA REALITAS DAN FIKSI
Authors: Fadli Zaki Ainul
Published: January 2021

(Title: Kinkakuji’s novel: Between Reality and Fiction). This paper aims to reveal the similarities between historical or real facts and fiction in Kinkakuji's novel, especially the similarity of Kinkakuji's burner profile to the main character and the timeline equation. The method used in this article is the sociology of literature method and the literature study method. The results showed that there was an equation between the Kinkakuji burner profile and the main character. In addition, there are similarities in the time between historical facts and the time frame found in Kinkakuji's novel.
Teoría y empírica de los espíritus animales e incidencia en la inversión: caso Colombia
Authors: Rojas-Triana María Isabel , Parra-Mariño Jeisson Gabriel , Gutierrez-Ayala Jhancarlos
Published: January 2021

El presente artículo muestra un enfoque de la racionalidad desde la perspectiva de Keynes, ampliado en el concepto de espíritus animales y su interacción con las expectativas de los inversores. Asimismo, tal concepto se ilustra mediante un modelo econométrico VEC, en el que se determina que las expectativas de inversión, en particular para Colombia, se tornan positivas ante choques de la inversión de periodospasados y del ingreso; y negativas, ante choques del índice de confianza y la tasa de interés. Además, sugiere cambios para la economía del comportamiento a favor del bienestar financiero proyectado en políticas públicas.
Estudio comparativo de rendimientos empresariales de hombres y mujeres en México: una aproximación empírica
Authors: Palacios-Duarte Pablo Daniel , Saavedra-García Maria Luisa , Cortés-Castillo María del Rosario
Published: January 2021

El objetivo de la investigación es comparar el rendimiento de los ingresos de los emprendedores, para determinar si existen diferencias entre los obtenidos por emprendimientos realizados por hombres y aquellos realizados por mujeres. Asimismo, se pretende establecer qué factores impulsan el emprendimiento de las mujeres. Se utiliza la base de datos de la Encuesta Nacional de Ingresos y Gastos de los Hogares (INEGI, 2017), de donde se obtuvo una muestra de 296 mujeres y 430 hombres. Se generó un modelo econométrico Probit mediante la metodología diseñada por Heckman, Tobias y Vytalcil (2000, 2001), empleando un proceso bietápico. Se incluyen como variables independientes el tipo de hogar, el tamaño de la empresa, la edad y la experiencia. El rendimiento de los ingresos por emprendimiento es la variable dependiente. Los principales hallazgos permiten afirmar que los rendimientos de las empresas de mujeres son menores que los de las empresas de hombres, y que las mujeres emprenden, generalmente, por necesidad.
Formación de los profesionales : dilema entre ética y economía.
Authors: Delgado Munevar William Gilberto
Published: January 2021

La coherencia entre economía, formación profesional y ética es una relación compleja que se manifiesta en la teoría y práctica de los comportamientos utilitaristas –racionamiento individual, poder, enriquecimiento y otros– que contradicen los principios del profesional de la economía y sus preceptos éticos. Este artículo presenta un análisis del objeto de la economía: la relación de esta ciencia con la humanidad, los medios de producción y los fines propios, que han generado en el último siglo una doble racionalidad técnica-práctica y técnica-ética, que lleva a examinar el objeto de la ciencia y su relación ética. En el escrito se discute acerca de: 1) el criterio de neutralidad valorativa de la economía, 2) la formación del economista y 3) los fines éticos de la economía. De esta manera, se entregan algunos elementos de juicio que pueden servir como insumos para la formación de los profesionales de las ciencias económicas.
Efecto traspaso de tasas de interés : análisis econométrico de los efectos de las decisiones de política monetaria en República Dominicana.
Authors: Andújar Scheker Julio Gabriel
Published: January 2021

El estudio de los mecanismos de transmisión de las decisiones de tasas de interés de los bancos centrales es esencial para el diseño e implementación de una política monetaria efectiva y eficiente. La medición de cómo afectan los cambios en la tasa de política monetaria a las tasas de interés de largo plazo de la economía, se conoce en la literatura empírica como efecto traspaso de tasas de interés. Esta investigación desarrolla una estrategia econométrica, basada en técnicas de cointegración, mecanismos de corrección de errores y regresiones recursivas, para estimar la magnitud, completitud, rigidez y velocidad de convergencia del efecto traspaso de tasas de interés en República Dominicana. A su vez, evalúa la posible existencia de cambios estructurales en dicha transmisión.
¿Puede el desarrollo financiero promover el desarrollo humano? : evidencia para Venezuela¿Vuede e1 desarro11o financiero promover el desarrollo humano? : evidencia para Venezuela.
Authors: Vera Leonardo , Hernández Albany , Osorio Dorelia
Published: January 2021

Este estudio presenta evidencia empírica para la economía venezolana (entre los años 1970 y 2009) de la posible relación que existe entre el acceso y uso de los servicios financieros por parte de la población y el grado de desarrollo humano. Usando varias proxis de bancarización, el estudio encuentra resultados robustos que indican que una mayor red de servicios y cobertura de depositantes explica las mejoras reportadas en el índice de desarrollo humano (IDH). El IDH también es impactado positivamente por la evolución que ha tomado el precio real de los hidrocarburos petroleros y el gasto público por habitante. De esta manera, el análisis se aleja de la muy conocida, pero controvertida relación entre desarrollo financiero y crecimiento económico, cuto cuño explicativo se centra en las ganancias de eficiencia, para concentrarse más bien en la importancia que tienen la masificación de los servicios financieros en el bienestar de la población.
Efectos de la Ley 789 sobre la demanda laboral manufacturera colombiana 2001-2006.
Authors: Narváez Rubiano Álvaro Fernando
Published: January 2021

En el presente trabajo se estudian los impactos de un cambio institucional como la reforma laboral del 2002 sobre la demanda laboral colombiana, con base en datos panel suministrados por la Encuesta Anual Manufacturera desagregada a cuatro dígitos CIUU para el periodo 2001-2006 y de acuerdo a los planteamientos teóricos de Hamermesh (1993). Adicionalmente, se estiman elasticidades y los resultados del ejercicio econométrico arrojan una elasticidad empleo producto de 0,57 y 0,61 de corto y largo plazo respectivamente; una elasticidad empleo-salario en el corto plazo de -0,78 y en el largo plazo de -0,98. Esto corrobora un elemento común de los trabajos empíricos, según el cual las elasticidades precios de los factores son mayores en el largo plazo. Los valores anteriores muestran que en el corto plazo la reforma tiene efectos negativos sobre la creación de empleos, mientras que en el largo plazo la reforma no tiene efectos sobre la demanda laboral manufacturera.
Flujos de efectivo y entorno económico en las empresas de servicios de Risaralda, 2002-2011.
Authors: Escobar Arias Gabriel Eduardo
Published: January 2021

Para relacionar los flujos de efectivo con el entorno económico en el cual se desempeña la empresa, es importante realizar un estudio dado que las decisiones tanto de inversión, financiación y de operación deben ser resultado del medio en el cual se realizan las actividades comerciales. El objetivo principal consistió en determinar la relación que presentaron los flujos de efectivo de las empresas de Risaralda del sector de servicios y el comportamiento del entorno económico regional durante el mismo periodo de tiempo. Para su desarrollo metodológico, se obtuvieron los flujos de efectivo de las empresas del sector, luego se extrajeron las principales variables macro y finalmente se analizó la correlación entre variables. En los resultados obtenidos se evidenció que no existe una correlación entre los flujos de efectivo y las variables macro.
Tasks of safety education institutions concerning the needs of state security
Authors: Martuszewska Jolanta
Published: January 2021

The desire to live a safe life is one of the most important human needs, while education is the basis of knowledge of the society as a whole. To ensure the safety of the individual and the security of the state, there is a need for stable cooperation between various security institutions. There are many safety education institutions that work for the needs of state security. These include the Education for Safety Bureau, the post of Education for Safety Inspector, the post of School Safety Coordinator, School Safety Clubs, etc. The aim of this paper is to describe the situation in education based on safety education teaching in the 21st century. Other objectives include indicating tasks and rational solutions in education on the basis of the principles introduced by scholars, such as J.A. Comenius, J. Locke, I. Kant, which remain valid to this day.
Współbycie, współodpowiedzialność i współzależność jako kategorie ważne dla pedagogiki społecznej skierowanej ku budowaniu wspólnot lokalnych
Authors: Naumiuk Agnieszka
Published: January 2021

The article analyzes three categories: co-existence, co-responsibility and interdependence in the context of contemporary discussions about the role of social pedagogy in building local communities. New possible approaches arise while using these concepts for addressing contemporary conditions of the communities which result in new tasks of education. There are analysed also the consequences of the transformation from the previous rather static (territorial) view of local communities, that had the aim to root people in existing social structures, towards more dynamic, open and diverse spaces. They are not considered only as physical places anymore but as new local relations that are being developed, based on not stable, however increasingly popular forms of sharing experiences. For these changes the studied concepts match the new realities and in consequence demand pedagogical considerations.
The Network of Financial Institutions and Capital Accumulation in Vas County in the Second Half of the 19th Century
Authors:   Budapest Business School, University of Applied Sciences, Faculty of Finance and Accountancy, Halász Imre
Published: January 2021

The way financial institutions emerged in Hungary was just the inverse of the one followed in Western Europe. In Western Europe capital intensive banks developed first and savings banks rendering services to people with more modest financial means appeared later. In the second half of the 19th century a new bank type (Credit mobilier) was created, which combined the commercial and development banking activities. In Hungary the first financial institution got established in 1842 as a company limited by shares, and the banks founded subsequent to 1867 fashioned their business policies in this vein. In Vas county, situated in West-Transdanubia, and in its county- seat, Szombathely, capital accumulation strengthened by leaps and bounds after a difficult start and the emergence of financial institutions was largely supported by the enactment of the Commercial Code in 1875. In the first business year following the crisis of 1873 already 16 banks and savings banks operated in Vas county, with the number of financial institutions reaching 27 by the turn of the century. Between 1874 and 1899 their number increased to almost two and a half times this figure, and in settlements with populations between one thousand and three thousand people two, in larger settlements three, and in the county seat five new financial institutions had been founded by the turn of the century. The increase in the initial capital saw a nearly eleven times increase, the balance sheet total expanded 6.3 times and the total cash turnover of Vas county financial institutions amounted to 178,414,263 Austro-Hungarian Krones in 1899. Within the county’s territory microregional money markets evolved. No data have so far been found regarding the turnover undoubtedly realised between such microregions for the time being.
Density Functional Study of Methanol Synthesis from CO Hydrogenation on Cu-Based Catalysts
Authors: Xia Zhenguo , Duan Xiaochen , Yao Yan , Chen Geng , Zhu Yingying
Published: January 2021

The reaction mechanism of carbon monoxide (CO) hydrogenation to methanol has been carried out theoretically in this paper. The atomic configuration was analyzed by an unlimited B3LYP calculation method in density functional theory. The reaction model for CO hydrogenation to methanol was established by using Gaussian 09. The adsorption sites, bond angles, bond lengths, reaction intermediates, transition-state structures, adsorption energy, reaction-energy barriers, and reaction heat of CO hydrogenation to methanol with different amounts of copper-based catalysts were calculated. The calculations provided the elementary reaction of methanol in the synthesis, and the reaction potential-energy diagram for methanol synthesis was plotted. The optimum reaction path for CO hydrogenation to methanol was as follows: CO→HCO*→H2CO*→H3CO*→CH3OH. The rate-limiting step was the hydrogenation of the methoxy (H3CO) species with an activation barrier of 1.28 eV.
Konferencja Online Educa Berlin 2020 tym razem w pełni online
Authors:   SGH Warsaw School of Economics, Zając Maria
Published: January 2021

Konferencja Online Educa Berlin to wydarzenie znane, przynajmniej ze słyszenia, każdemu kto interesuje się nauczaniem online. Organizowana jest nieprzerwanie od 26 lat na przełomie listopada i grudnia zawsze w berlińskim hotelu Intercontinental. W każdym razie tak było do 2019 roku, kiedy to świętowano 25-lecie tych międzynarodowych spotkań przedstawicieli edukacji (głównie uczelni), biznesu oraz organizacji rządowych i pozarządowych. Przez trzy dni liczne sale konferencyjne, ale też foyer i korytarze berlińskiego hotelu wypełniały się ponad 2,5 tysiącami uczestników z różnych stron świata, choć w przeważającej większości (86%) z Europy. Warto wspomnieć, że mimo wysokich kosztów udziału w konferencji Polacy stanowili jedenastą co do wielkości grupę wśród wszystkich narodowości.
Finding Untitled Goose Game’s Dynamic Music in the World of Silent Cinema
Authors: Golding Dan
Published: January 2021

There are three unusual things about Untitled Goose Game’s music. First, for an independent video game produced by a small studio, the music is dynamic and reactive to a high degree. The game uses pre-recorded, non-generative musical performances and yet will respond to onscreen events within a buffer of only a few seconds at maximum. Second, the music takes inspiration not from other dynamic music systems in video games but from the varying practices of musical accompaniment for silent cinema and early comedy, aiming to replicate affect rather than process. Finally, the music for Untitled Goose Game takes the unusual step of adapting pre-existing classical music from the public domain—in this case, six of Claude Debussy’s Préludes for solo piano—rather than creating an original score intended from its conception to be dynamic. Accordingly, this article outlines the dynamic music system at work in Untitled Goose Game and the influence drawn on for this system from non–video game approaches to musical accompaniment. The article discusses the varying practices for music for the silent era of cinema, the theoretical frameworks used to conceptualize these many divergent approaches, and how closely we might recognize their legacy at work in Untitled Goose Game’s soundtrack. Ultimately, this article argues that by looking to approaches beyond more familiar debates about dynamic music for video games, Untitled Goose Game helped shortcut familiar problems that confront developers and composers when working with dynamic and reactive music.
NACVGM 2020 Retrospective
Authors: Thompson Ryan
Published: January 2021

The North American Conference on Video Game Music (NACVGM) has been held yearly as an in-person conference. NACVGM 2020 was originally scheduled to occur in April 2020 in Ithaca, New York. As a result of the COVID-19 pandemic, many academic events in 2020 were shifted online, including game music conferences like Ludo2020 and NACVGM. The organizing committee for NACVGM decided to hold the full conference digitally as a live event. After hosting NACVGM 2020 live on his personal Twitch.tv page, Ryan Thompson explains the technical means that made it possible and offers a series of recommendations for other individuals considering shifting in-person meetings to online events. This reflection provides one perspective on hosting an academic conference during lockdown.