bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Two cases of circulatory collapse due to suspected remimazolam anaphylaxis
Authors: Uchida Satoshi , Takekawa Daiki , Kitayama Masato , Hirota Kazuyoshi
Published: March 2022

Background

Remimazolam was approved in Japan in January 2020. We report two cases of circulatory collapse due to suspected remimazolam anaphylaxis during anesthetic induction.

Case presentation

Case 1: A 74-year-old male was scheduled for debridement and skin grafting for a severe burn injury. We induced anesthesia with 4 mg of remimazolam and 20 mg of ketamine. The patient subsequently developed treatment-resistant severe hypotension.

Case 2: A 59-year-old male was scheduled for laparoscopic-assisted sigmoid colectomy. We induced anesthesia with 9 mg of remimazolam. Within a few minutes, the patient developed treatment-resistant severe hypotension.

As serum tryptase was elevated in both cases and only intravenous administration of adrenaline was effective, we considered the circulatory collapse might be due to anaphylaxis.

Conclusion

We experienced two cases of circulatory collapse due to suspected remimazolam anaphylaxis during anesthetic induction. The prevalence of remimazolam anaphylaxis is not yet known, and further research is needed.
Growing ganja permission: a real gate-way for Thailand’s promising industrial crop?
Authors: Sommano Sarana Rose , Tangpao Tibet , Pankasemsuk Tanachai , Ponpanumas Voranate , Phimolsiripol Yuthana , Rachtanapun Pornchai , Prasad Shashanka K.
Published: March 2022

The current revision to Thailand’s Narcotics Act (B.E. 2563) permits Thai corporations to produce cannabis (ganja) for therapeutic purposes, as well as conduct beneficial research and development in science and agriculture. While ganja possession, distribution, and use are still illegal in Thailand, the law removes certain elements of Cannabis sativa (including hemp) from the narcotic lists as of December 2020 and Thailand's narcotics board plans to remove them totally from the lists before the last quarter of 2022. The Thai Food and Drug Administration (Thai FDA) board maintains the exclusive licensing authority to assess applications and provide authorization due to the complexity of the registration process. In this view, we analyzed the guidelines for obtaining cannabis production license, and it was apparent that the announced law was in-line with regulations set-out by many countries in terms of security and prevention of misuse. The other criteria however fall merely onto the government gains, rather than public interests. To avoid the claimed state monopoly, several types of licensing should be issued in the future, depending on the genuine purpose of the farmers. The complete regulation process and conditions for obtaining a ganja growing license in Thailand are highlighted and discussed in this review.
Chronic myeloid leukemia: cytogenetics and molecular biology’s part in the comprehension and management of the pathology and treatment evolution
Authors: Benchikh Sara , Bousfiha Amale , El Hamouchi Adil , Soro Somda Georgina Charlene , Malki Abderrahim , Nassereddine Sanaa
Published: March 2022

Background

Chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML) is a type of blood cancer that affects hematopoietic stem cells and is often characterized by the presence of the Philadelphia chromosome. The Philadelphia chromosome encodes for a protein with high tyrosine kinase activity which acts as a tumorigenic factor.

Main body

This review article reports an update on the pathophysiology of CML and highlights the role of cytogenetic and molecular biology in screening, diagnosis, therapeutic monitoring as well as evaluating patients’ response to treatment. Additionally, these genetic tests allow identifying additional chromosomal abnormalities (ACA) and BCR-ABL tyrosine kinase domain mutations in intolerant or resistant patients. Thus, therapeutic advances have enabled this pathology to become manageable and almost curable in its clinical course. The scientific literature search used in the synthesis of this paper was carried out in the PubMed database, and the figures were generated using online software named BioRender.

Conclusion

The role of cytogenetic and molecular biology is crucial for the diagnosis and medical monitoring of patients. In-depth knowledge of molecular mechanisms of the BCR-ABL kinase facilitated the development of new targeted therapies that have improved the vital prognosis in patients. However, the emergence of ACA and new mutations resistant to tyrosine kinase inhibitors constitutes a real challenge in the quest for adequate therapy.
Relation of the methylation state of RUNX3 and p16 gene promoters with hepatocellular carcinoma in Egyptian patients
Authors: El-shaarawy Fatma , Abo ElAzm Mai M. , Mohamed Rasha H. , Radwan Mohamed I. , Abo-Elmatty Dina M. , Mehanna Eman T.
Published: March 2022

Background

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the most common primary hepatic malignancy of adults. RUNX3 and p16 are tumor suppressor genes that may be inactivated by hypermethylation which is a key epigenetic mechanism that contributes to the initiation and progression of various types of human carcinomas including HCC. The aim of this study was to assess the association of hypermethylation of RUNX3 and p16 gene promoters with the incidence of HCC in Egyptian patients. The study included 120 subjects: 30 HCC patients, 30 patients with hepatitis C virus (HCV) without cirrhosis, 30 cirrhotic patients, and 30 healthy volunteers. Methylation-specific polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was done for detection of hypermethylated p16 and RUNX3. Serum levels of liver enzymes and albumin were detected spectrophotometrically and alpha fetoprotein (AFP) was measured in serum by ELISA.

Results

Methylation of RUNX3 and p16 was detected in 25/30 (83.3%) and 26/30 (86.7%) of HCC patients, respectively. The methylation state of both RUNX3 and p16 genes was significantly higher in HCC patients compared to the control subjects (P = 0.016, OR = 4.38) and (P = 0.014, OR = 4.97), respectively. The methylation of both promoters was associated with higher AFP levels in the serum of all patients.

Conclusions

Hypermethylation of RUNX3 and p16 is significantly associated with the development of HCC and may be implicated in its pathogenesis.
Three novel variants in SOX10 gene: Waardenburg and PCWH syndromes
Authors: Sienes Bailo Paula , Goñi-Ros Nuria , Gazulla José , Álvarez de Andrés Sara , Ros Arnal Ignacio , Izquierdo Álvarez Silvia
Published: March 2022

Background

Waardenburg syndrome (WS) is a rare genetic disorder characterized by musculoskeletal abnormalities, deafness and hypopigmentation of hair and skin. This article’s aim is to investigate clinical and genetic characteristics of WS in three unrelated Caucasian individuals.

Case presentation

The first patient was a 25-year-old female with congenital bilateral hearing loss, bright-blue-eyes, hypopigmentation of hair and skin, megacolon, language retardation, tenosynovitis and neuromas. The second case was an infant symptomatic from birth, with dysphagia, Hirschsprung disease and neurological abnormalities. The third patient was a 14-year-old boy with congenital bilateral hearing loss and ileocolic Hirschsprung disease. In order to identify variants in potentially causal genes of the patients’ phenotype, genetical testing was conducted: targeted clinical exome, targeted exome and trio exome, respectively. We identified three novel variants spread throughout the coding sequence of SOX10. The c.395C>G variant identified de novo in patient 1 was a single nucleotide substitution in exon 2. The c.850G>T variant identified as heterozygous in patient 2 was a loss-of-function variant that generated a premature stop codon. The c.966dupT variant identified in patient 3 was a duplication that generated a premature stop codon. It had been identified in his father, arising a possible germinal mosaicism. According to in silico predictors the variant identified in patient 1 was considered as pathogenic, whereas the other two were classified as likely pathogenic.

Conclusions

An exact description of the mutations responsible for WS provides useful information to explain clinical features of WS and contributes to better genetic counselling of WS patients.
In silico profiling of non-synonymous SNPs in IDS gene for early diagnosis of Hunter syndrome
Authors: Sivakumar Adarshan , Dinakarkumar Yuvaraj , Al-Qahtani Wahidah H. , Karnan Muthusamy , Rajabathar Jothiramalingam , Charumathi Arokiyaraj , Sadhaasivam Elakiya , Venugopal Aparna Preetha , Singh Baljeet Mukhtiar , Qutub Maqbool , Anjaneyulu Sai Ramesh
Published: March 2022

Background

Single amino acid substitutions in the Iduronate-2-sulfatase enzyme result in destabilization of the protein and cause a genetic disorder called Hunter syndrome. To gain functional insight into the mutations causing Hunter syndrome, various bioinformatics tools were employed, and special significance is given to molecular docking.

Results

In-silico tools available online for preliminary analysis including SIFT, PolyPhen 2.0, etc., were primarily employed and have identified 51 Non-synonymous Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms (ns-SNPs) as possibly deleterious. Further, modelling and energy minimization followed by Root Mean Square Deviation (RMSD) calculation has labelled 42 mutations as probably deleterious ns-SNPs. Later, trajectory analysis was performed using online tools like PSIPRED, SRide, etc., and has predicted six ns-SNPs as potentially deleterious. Additionally, docking was performed, and three candidate ns-SNPs were identified. Finally, these three ns-SNPs were confirmed to play a significant role in causing syndrome through root mean square fluctuation (RMSF) calculations.

Conclusion

From the observed results, G134E, V503D, and E521D were predicted to be candidate ns-SNPs in comparison with other in-silico tools and confirmed by RMSF calculations. Thus, the identified candidate ns-SNPs can be employed as a potential genetic marker in the early diagnosis of Hunter syndrome after clinical validation.
The physical activity patterns among pregnant women at a tertiary care hospital in, Pakistan
Authors: Nadeem Shabnam , Khatoon Aisha , Rasheed Shaista , Munim Tazeen Fatima
Published: March 2022

Objectives: To determine the physical activity patterns among pregnant women at a tertiary care hospital in, Pakistan.

Methods: A cross sectional study was conducted through questionnaire for a span of eight months (from 17th July, 2020 till 20th March, 2021) amongst pregnant women visiting Abbasi Shaheed Hospital for ante-natal visit including paramedical staff having 24 to 28 weeks of gestation. With the written consent of participants, the physical activity was assessed by a validated self-reported Pregnancy Physical Activity Questionnaire (PPAQ) having 32 questions to determine the duration; frequency, intensity and type of physical activity during pregnancy. Participants were asked to select the physical activity and time spent on it per day during the current gestational period. From the PPAQ, average weekly energy expenditure in Metabolic Equivalent of Task (MET-h-week) was calculated. Demographic data including age, ethnicity, socioeconomic status, parity, literacy and working status were recorded.

Results: A Total of 229 participants of different ethnicities were enrolled. House hold and care giving type of activities of moderate to light intensity were commonly practiced by our pregnant women. Whereas multi gravida were involved in light physical activities. The Punjabi and Baluchi women mostly took occupational type of physical activities. Working women were physically more active than household women. Around 186 (80%) of the participants had no idea that they should take antenatal exercises during pregnancy.

Conclusion: The study concluded that house hold and care giving type activities with moderate to light intensity were commonly carried by pregnant women. Majority of them had no knowledge of antenatal exercise.

doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.38.4.4809

How to cite this:Nadeem S, Khatoon A, Rasheed S, Munim TF. The physical activity patterns among pregnant women at a tertiary care hospital in, Pakistan. Pak J Med Sci. 2022;38(4):---------. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.38.4.4809

This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Effect of bronchofiberscopic lavage with budesonide suspension on refractory mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia
Authors: Li Ya , Yang Wei , Wu Xin , Gou Xiaohua
Published: March 2022

Objectives: To investigate the clinical efficacy of budesonide suspension through bronchofiberscopic lavage in the treatment of refractory mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia (RMPP).

Methods: A total of 108 children with refractory mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia from June 2018 to October 2020 were randomly divided into two groups: the study group and the control group, with 54 cases in each group. Children in the control group were treated with anti-infective, antitussive, antipyretic routine symptomatic treatment and nebulization of budesonide suspension, while children in the study group were treated with bronchofiberscopic lavage with Budesonide suspension along with standard treatment as in control group. The clinical efficacy, changes in blood gas analysis indexes, levels of inflammatory mediators, time for improvement of clinical symptoms and the incidence of adverse reactions were compared between the two groups.

Results: The efficacy of treatment in the study group was 85.19%, which was higher than 66.67% in the control group (P<0.05). The antipyretic time, antitussive time, lung rales disappearance time and length of hospital stay in the study group were shorter than those in the control group (P<0.05). Moreover, the levels of arterial oxygen partial pressure (PaO2) in the study group were higher than those in the control group, while the levels of partial pressure of carbon dioxide (PaCO2) and arterial oxygen saturation (SaO2) in the study group were lower than those in the control group (P<0.05). The levels of inflammatory mediators interleukin-6 (IL-6), interleukin-4 (IL-4), and interferon-γ (IFN-γ) in the study group were lower than those in the control group (P<0.05), and no significant difference was found in the comparison of the incidence of adverse reactions between the two groups (P>0.05).

Conclusions: Budesonide suspension combined with bronchofiberscopic lavage with Budesonide suspension is a safe treatment regimen that can significantly improve the clinical outcome in children with RMPP. With such a combined treatment regimen, the clinical symptoms of children can be ameliorated, the ventilation function can be enhanced, and the level of inflammatory mediators will be reduced.

doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.38.4.4835

How to cite this:Li Y, Yang W, Wu X, Gou X. Effect of bronchofiberscopic lavage with budesonide suspension on refractory mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia. Pak J Med Sci. 2022;38(4):---------. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.38.4.4835

This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Observation on the efficacy of different methylprednisolone regimens in the treatment of myasthenia gravis
Authors: Lin Xiaoting , Qi Guoyan
Published: March 2022

Objective: To investigate the efficacy of different methylprednisolone regimens in the treatment of myasthenia gravis (MG).

Methods: A total of 98 patients with MG admitted to Shijiazhuang People’s Hospital from December 2018 to November 2019 were randomly divided into two groups, with 49 cases in each group. Patients in the control group received high-dose methylprednisolone pulse therapy, while those in the experimental group received medium-dose periodic therapy of methylprednisolone. Anti-acetylcholine receptor antibodies (AChRab), clinical absolute scores, complement levels (C3, C4), T lymphocyte subsets (CD3+, CD4+, CD4+CD25+), cytokines [interferon-γ (INF-γ), transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1), interleukin-6 (IL- 6), interleukin-18 (IL-18)], and changes in quality of life [15-item Myasthenia Gravis Quality of Life Scale (MGQOL-15) score] were compared between the two groups before treatment and one and three months after treatment. Moreover, the incidence of adverse drug reactions in the two groups during 3 months of treatment was compared.

Results: After three months of treatment, ACHRAB, clinical absolute score, CD3+, CD4+, INF-γ, IL-6, IL-18 and MGQOL-15 scores in both groups were significantly decreased compared with those before treatment (p<0.05), and the scores of C3, C4, CD4+CD25+ and TGF-β1 in both groups were significantly higher than those before treatment (p<0.05), and the experimental group had more significant changes than the control group (p<0.05). During three months of treatment, the total incidence of adverse drug reactions in the experimental group was significantly lower than that in the control group (p<0.05).

Conclusions: The medium-dose periodic therapy of methylprednisolone is more prominent in the long-term efficacy performance. It can improve the immunity and quality of life of patients, and it is safer and has high clinical application value.

doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.38.4.5069

How to cite this:Lin X, Qi G. Observation on the efficacy of different methylprednisolone regimens in the treatment of myasthenia gravis. Pak J Med Sci. 2022;38(4):---------. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.38.4.5069

This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Evaluation of bone mineral density in patients with gestational diabetes mellitus by ultrasonic bone mineral density measurement combined with Vitamin-D deficiency and analysis of influencing factors
Authors: Han Lulu , Ma Jingjing , Wang Shenghai , Li Zhihong
Published: March 2022

Objectives: To investigate the evaluation of bone mineral density (BMD) in patients with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) by ultrasonic bone mineral density measurement combined with Vitamin-D deficiency and its influencing factors.

Methods: A total of 100 patients with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) admitted to our hospital from January 2017 to December 2020 were selected as the GDM group, and another 100 pregnant volunteers who underwent physical examination in our hospital were selected as the healthy control group. The levels of triacylglycerol (TG), total cholesterol (TC), low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), fasting insulin (FINS), C-peptide, procollagen, parathyroid hormone (PTH), serum calcium, 25-hydroxyvitamin-D3 (25-OH-D) and ultrasonic BMD Z-score were determined and compared between the two groups. Moreover, the effects of different levels of 25-OH-D on the above indexes were compared, and multivariate logistic regression analysis was performed.

Results: Compared with the healthy reference group, the levels of TG, TC, LDL-C, PTH, HbA1c, FINS and C-peptide of GDM group were significantly increased (P < 0.05), while BMD Z-score and 25-OH-D levels were significantly decreased. In the GDM group, the lower the 25-OH-D levels, the higher the FPG, HbA1c and FINS levels and the lower the serum calcium level and BMD Z-score, with statistically significant differences (P < 0.05). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that 25-OH-D was an independent risk factor affecting BMD in patients with GDM (P<0.05).

Conclusions: Patients with GDM have lower BMD and 25-hydroxyVitamin-D3 levels. Measurement of BMD and 25-hydroxyVitamin-D3 levels can help assess the progression of GDM. BMD has a close bearing on Vitamin-D deficiency in patients with GDM.

doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.38.4.5090

How to cite this:Han L, Ma J, Wang S, Li Z. Evaluation of bone mineral density in patients with gestational diabetes mellitus by ultrasonic bone mineral density measurement combined with Vitamin-D deficiency and analysis of influencing factors. Pak J Med Sci. 2022;38(4):---------. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.38.4.5090

This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Prevalence of anxiety and depression in high school students of Karachi, Pakistan
Authors: Ibbad Saima , Baig Lubna Ansari , Ahmer Zaeema , Shahid Farhana
Published: March 2022

Objectives: Anxiety and depression are commonly occurring mental disorders in school-going students and if not considered can result in a worse outcome. The objective of our study was to determine the prevalence, risk factors and relationship of anxiety and depression with different variables among high school students of Karachi.

Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted in October - November 2020 in government and private high schools of four districts of Karachi. Two stage cluster sampling was used to select study sites with 400 students inducted. Data was collected by using Aga Khan University Scale of anxiety and depression. Relationship of outcome with predictor variables was examined by applying univariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis.

Results: Overall 53.2% participants reported anxiety and depression out of which 78.8% were females. Participants who were studying in private schools (OR 0.39, CI 0.21-0.69 at 95%, p=0.002) and had mothers who were housewives (OR 0.28, CI 0.09-0.83 at 95%, p=0.022) were less likely to develop anxiety and depression. Participants whose fathers and mothers had a history of anxiety and depression were three times more likely to develop anxiety and depression (OR 3.12, CI 1.52-6.41 at 95%, p=0.002) and (OR 3.02, CI 1.39-6.59 at 95%, p=0.005) respectively.

Conclusion: The study found a high prevalence of anxiety and depression among high school students. Female students of public sector school and those who had a family history of anxiety and depression were more likely to develop it. Early detection and management of anxiety and depression by screening are necessary to overcome this burden.

doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.38.4.5093

How to cite this:Ibbad S, Baig LA, Ahmer Z, Shahid F. Prevalence of anxiety and depression in high school students of Karachi, Pakistan. Pak J Med Sci. 2022;38(4):---------. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.38.4.5093

This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Tracheobronchial aspiration affects the outcome of hospitalization among Hepatic Encephalopathy patients
Authors: Rafiq Qamar , Zeeshan Mubashar , Mustafa Ghulam , Irfan Muhammad
Published: March 2022

Objectives: The present study aimed to determine the effect of tracheobronchial aspiration on hospitalization outcomes and the factors influencing its occurrence.

Methods: This prospective descriptive study was conducted from January 2017 to December 2020 at GMC/DHQ-Teaching Hospital in Gujranwala, Pakistan. All consenting liver cirrhosis patients with hepatic encephalopathy > 12 years of age admitted at the study site were included. The patient’s baseline characteristics and the hospitalization outcomes were noted in terms of death and discharge. The collected data was analyzed using SPSS version 22.0. The predictors of tracheobronchial aspiration were determined using Independent Sample T test and Chi-square test for quantitative and qualitative variables respectively. The p-values were taken statistically significant if < 0.05. A binary logistic regression analysis was performed to ascertain the effect of significant factors on the likelihood of tracheobronchial aspiration.

Results: Among the total of 294 patients, 28.0% died during hospitalization. Death occurred significantly more in group of patients who had tracheobronchial aspiration (62.7% vs 12.0%, p<0.01). Increasing age was associated with increased chance of tracheobronchial aspiration (p<0.01). Male gender (49.6% vs 8.2%, p<0.01), patients whose hepatic encephalopathy was precipitated by upper GI bleed (59.7% vs 22.9%, p<0.01), and patients with comorbidities (p=0.02) were significantly prone to tracheobronchial aspiration.

Conclusions: Tracheobronchial aspiration is a significant predictor of inpatient mortality among patients with hepatic encephalopathy. Male gender, increasing age & upper GI bleed predict aspiration in hepatic encephalopathy patients.

doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.38.4.5114

How to cite this:Rafiq Q, Zeeshan M, Mustafa G, Irfan M. Tracheobronchial aspiration affects the outcome of hospitalization among Hepatic Encephalopathy patients. Pak J Med Sci. 2022;38(4):---------. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.38.4.5114

This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Visual outcome of cataract surgery in a tertiary care teaching hospital
Authors: Junejo Murtaza Sameen , Murtaza Rebecca , Shaikh Fahad Feroz , Siyal Naimatullah
Published: March 2022

Objectives: To review the visual outcomes after cataract surgery in a tertiary care teaching hospital, Isra University Hyderabad.

Methods: This retrospective clinical study was carried out for six months at Isra University Hyderabad from December 2020-May 2021. Total patients included were 982. The data comprised of patients who underwent cataract surgery from Sept 2018 – Aug 2020. Individuals over 40 years were included and who returned for out-patient appointments. Visual acuity before and six weeks after cataract surgery were noted and categorized according to World Health Organization criteria (i-e Good, Moderate and Poor).. Data analysis was done with the help of SPSS version 22.0.

Results: Out of 982 patients who underwent Phacoemulsification at Isra University Hospital, the operated eyes were 483 right and 499 left respectively. Meanwhile, 966 had good visual acuity six weeks after the surgery, while 16 had moderate visual acuity noted after six weeks.

Conclusion: Clinical audit of cataract surgeries by measuring visual acuity postoperatively is an excellent approach in improving the outcomes and maintaining the good care facilities at a tertiary care hospital.

doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.38.4.5163

How to cite this:Junejo MS, Rebecca, Shaikh FF, Siyal N. Visual outcome of cataract surgery in a tertiary care teaching hospital. Pak J Med Sci. 2022;38(4):---------. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.38.4.5163

This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Media Education and Media Communication Expanding Amongst Students of Foreign Economic Specialties
Authors: Naturkach M.
Published: March 2022

The author examines various aspects of building the capacity for media communication of foreign economic specialties students in the guided conditions within the organized media education settings. The author proposes using media language materials in foreign language teaching. The article stresses the importance of media-education factor in foreign language teaching, which is supported by topical pedagogical approaches of D. A. Mezentseva, E. S. Kilpelainen, N. A. Mikhailova, A. Dorr. Taking media-communication formation as a media competence into consideration, the article presents a methodological aspect of organizing the educational process, reveals the structure of foreign language communicative competence and the scheme of media-competence vectors and its development model. The author points out the importance of including courses in the curriculum for the students of foreign economic specialties, which are focused on the analysis of media; the applied vectors of foreign language teaching in the development of media communication as the basic media competence of a student focused on the work in the foreign economic structures (e.g. customs administration) are given. Particular attention is paid to the author’s typical course content and analysis of the advantages of using media resources by university professors in teaching foreign languages as part of professional communication ("blending learning"). In conclusion, the author emphasizes the need for a comprehensive and organized media education as a factor of synergy between mass media and professional competencies of future specialists, as well as the importance of using an integrated approach to the development of media communication as professional communication of graduates.
Communicative ouroboros — a new ontological model of mass communication
Authors: Gavrov S. , Reshetnikov Sergey
Published: March 2022

The article proposes an ontological model of mass communication (MK), in the construction of which structural-functional and metaphorical methods of modeling are used. The study argues selection archetypical psychological structures, which can be the basis of a representative of a communicative model. The model establishes the equality of the values of the communicator and the recipient in the communication process and the resulting structural symmetry mental and activity cycles of communication, in particular, balances the communicative effect of the binding force of the communicative order, that allows to specify the meaning of the term «free press». The model identifies six key positions for evaluation of objective condition system MC in society. Analysis of these positions is carried out in accordance with distribution of the information flow in the MC not on the technological characteristics (press, radio, TV, etc.), as it is usually, and in accordance with the four psychological modes C. Jung, that methodologically predetermined ontological view of communication.
Communicative Aspects of Mutual Understanding Between Generations: The Results of a Cultural Research
Authors: Chilingir E. , Myt'ko I.
Published: March 2022

The article presents the results of a study conducted at the Russian New University in 2019-2020. The aim of the study was to identify cultural symbols of different generations, conventionally divided into two large categories - over 30 (“Born in the USSR”) and under 30 (“New Generation”).

The results of the study showed not only differences, but also uniting factors of different generations, and the intellectual game carried out on the basis of the results of the study showed that different generations generally understand each other, despite differences in cultural codes.
Game with the Meaning of the Word as a Means of Impact on the Reader
Authors: Prosvirkina Irina , Prigonov Denis
Published: March 2022

The article is devoted to the language of linguistic means of influence that are used in modern texts, in particular in the headlines of the Internet newspaper "The Village". The analysis of linguistic means allows us to identify means of identification and describe the frequency means that use the influence on the reader and allow “selling” the title. Such linguistic means are evaluative vocabulary, synonymy, antonymy, limited use vocabulary. The analyzed texts show continuity and innovation in the use of methods of influencing the mass audience, for example, at the language level, the main linguistic means of influence is still the use of the meaning of a lexical unit, but filled with new modern meanings and feelings.
Cultural Landscape as an Assessment Category and a Communication Tool: Cultural Codes of Russia and Pakistan in the Context of Descriptive Comparative Studies
Authors: Razvi Sayed Ata al' Vahid
Published: March 2022

The author of the article shares the opinion that culture and communication are mutually dependent factors of the formation of civilization. The present article focuses on the instrumental possibilities of cultural landscapes and cultural codes as communication tools, using comparative studies of cultural landscapes of Russia and Pakistan as an example. The author offers his model of conceptualizing cultural landscape as a cultural text in the process of interpretation of its cultural codes. The author argues that it is possible to consider the process of expanding mutual cultural knowledge as a form of "soft power" capable of promoting the development and strengthening of international relations. The author examines applied cultural studies from the standpoint of the science of communication, defining as their goal the achievement of the most productive, comfortable and harmonious conditions of intercultural, interlanguage and international communication within the framework of bilateral and multilateral relations.
Gastrocommunication in Modern Society: Neologisms of the Russian Language
Authors: Dimitrieva Ol'ga
Published: March 2022

The article considers the reflection of modern gastronomy in the vocabulary, by the example of neologisms, of the last 5-6 years. It is revealed that the gastronomic sphere is replenished with neologisms from the sphere of public catering and is the result of mastering foreign culture, in particular, eating practices outside of their region, changing their lifestyle and/or following certain principles of “weight-reflective” culture, as well as a result of social networking. Neologization occurs both at the level of one word meaning (the process of recategorization) and the whole lexeme. It is noted that the gastronomic sphere, in addition to stylistically neutral lexemes, participates in the expression of evaluative characteristics of a person in the formation of nouns denoting persons such as vinishko (wine), / khlebushek (bread), etc. The vocabulary of the coronavirus period, characterizing the sphere in question, either denotes phenomena directly describing the current situation (zoom party), or ironically comprehending it (covidlo) or critically evaluating it (shashlychnik, shashlychnyye vykhodnyye, grechniki).
Original View and Liveliness of Thought as Important Components of Scientific Research
Authors: Goncharova Lyubov
Published: March 2022

The journal presents the works of Russian scientists reflecting the research of intercultural, advertising, professional communication, issues

of educational activities in the field of communication studies, as well as general humanitarian problems of communication science.
Russia and Europe: The Potential of Cultural Dialogue in the Postindustrial Society
Authors: Shindel' S. , Semuhina E. , Rust A.
Published: March 2022

The study aims at highlighting formal aspects of the cultural dialogue within the scope of individual, ethnic and state levels. The author’s definition of the term “dialogues of cultures” as the process of cultural exchange between one or several participants (members of different types of cultures) which implies either direct form of interaction or by means of the information and communication media has been put forward. The result of this process is viewed as the acquiring new information by the engaged which in its turn contributes to better understanding of other culture individuals’ activities and therefore encourages their effective orientation in the existing environment.
Achieving the Integrity of the Educational Process Through Its Modeling and Interaction of Blocks
Authors: Volkova M.
Published: March 2022

The article describes the method of modeling as a way to visualize the unity and integrity of the process of activation of cognitive process of students. The author points out that the implementation of the principle of integrity by the teacher is impossible without his ability to organize the unity of all components of the process of training and education, as well as without the student himself, an active participant in the process, whose activity is an important condition for mastering their professional competencies and knowledge accumulated by mankind in all their diversity. The study emphasizes the relevance of the modeling method used in terms of its visualization. The author proposes to use this method to solve various pedagogical problems. The study presents the structure of the phenomenon "cognitive interest" and the model of its activation. The author's complex of technologies (digital, cognitive-visual and complex technologies), due to which it is possible to increase the level of cognitive interest of students, should be noted. Along with that the author underlines the peculiarities of modeling method application, its properties and characteristics in order to facilitate the perception and understanding of the complex process of knowledge acquisition, as well as the nature of the variability of built models. In the presented model the author traced the logic and sequence, interrelation and interdependence of the selected blocks, which can be transformed and adapted to other pedagogical goals and objectives.
Trilingualism in Professional Language Ttraining of International Students
Authors: Kovtun N.
Published: March 2022

The process of professional training of international students faces the necessity of introducing the conception of multicultural and multilingual education. The study is based on linguo-cultural and personality oriented methodological approaches. There are several factors that are to be taken into account when training international students in the multicultural academic educational space, namely, their age, intellectual and cultural background, peculiarities of the native culture and language. The results of the study show that special attention is to be given to the validity of the information acquired for cross-cultural communication in the professional sphere. In the multicultural context of the Russian university productive communication can only be achieved via active mediation of a specially trained teacher who secures interaction of students with different cultural, academic and social backgrounds. Language-mediator becomes one of the most powerful instruments in the process.
Working with Text in the Classes in Russian as a Foreign Language as the Basis for Forming Communicative Competence of Students
Authors: Gromova A. , Dryangina E.
Published: March 2022

In the methodology of teaching Russian as a foreign language, there is a shift in emphasis from the theoretical study of grammatical, phonetic and lexical aspects of the language towards active language practice and the formation of communicative competence. In the modern methodology of teaching Russian as a foreign language, reading a text occupies an important place. Working with the text is necessary for learning a foreign language, since knowing a language means being able to read and understand the texts of the target language. In teaching foreign students to read texts, there are a number of features that a teacher should pay attention to. Important criteria for selecting a text for studying Russian as a foreign language are the volume of works, difficulties in perceiving cultural codes and realities, complex lexical and syntactic constructions, reader's interest and motivation. These features are manifested in order to use the text in the classroom in a foreign language audience, in the selection of texts and in the methodology of students working on the text. The main task of the teacher is to teach the student to extract the necessary information, pay attention to vocabulary, teach attentive reading, and identify meaning. In our opinion, the use of texts in the educational process has linguistic and non-linguistic goals. This article describes a technique for working with text, selection methods, an example of pre-text, pre-text and post-text work.
Methods of Formation of Communication Skills in the Process of Training Russian-Persian Translators
Authors: Asadi Sangachin Zeinab , Sheikhi Jolandan Nahid
Published: March 2022

In the process of training future translators, with the help of special translation exercises, skills and abilities are developed to perform various types of translation. Special importance in translation classes is given to exercises aimed at developing the skills of deverbalization, transformation and switching necessary for the translator, and the development of a bilingual mechanism among students.

The purpose of this article is to present some useful tasks in the process of learning to translate from Russian into Persian and vice versa, which develop communication skills and bilingualism skills of future translators, as well as improve the quality of translation. The exercises presented in the article are focused not only on working out the lexical and grammatical knowledge of students, but also include tasks implying the presence of background knowledge about culture, awareness of students about precedent texts, understanding of the realities of the two countries.
Communicative Characteristics of Social Advertising and Its Impact on Youth Behavior: The Sociolinguistic Study
Authors: Voevodina Ekaterina , Morkovkina Anastasia
Published: March 2022

Social advertising is the most important channel of mass communication that shapes public opinion. However, its effectiveness is often questioned, which necessitates the search for ways to increase its communicative impact on the target audience. The most important is the study of the sociolinguistic characteristics of advertising influence in the youth environment, since at this age there are simultaneously risks of socialization and flexibility of thinking - a tendency to reflection, reassessment of values. The article presents the results of a study that reveals the main communicative characteristics of Russian social advertising and the mechanisms of its influence on the behavior of student. The empirical research methods were a questionnaire survey of students of the Financial University, as well as an analysis of advertising videos and comments posted under them on YouTube and VKontakte. As a result of the study, it was revealed that the youth audience is well versed in the concept of social advertising. At the same time, most of the students' attention is attracted by bright, provocative (shocking) social advertising, which is a mini-film about the life of real heroes. The most memorable topics relate to the fight against «bad» habits, maintaining a healthy lifestyle, compliance with the law. Based on the results of the study, as well as the experience of Russian and foreign scientists, the article concludes with recommendations for enhancing the effectiveness of social advertising. The importance of adhering to the principles of unambiguity, conciseness and synchronism of social advertising, «soft» chrakter, honesty and openness is indicated. The findings of the study may be useful to specialists in advertising and public relations, sociologists and specialists in of social work.
Syntactic Means of Professional Active Effect Discourse Formation
Authors: Ksenzenko O. , Velikodnev O.
Published: March 2022

The investigation focuses on the study of linguistic methods of impact in professional discourse. The research outlines the grounds for professional discourse classification and highlights textual and communicative characteristics of professional discourse. The objective of the study is to determine the range of language means that may help to create communicative impact within the framework of professional interaction. The contribution describes one of the stages of professional discourse investigation in order to demonstrate the results of active effect discourse analysis on the syntactic level. The article highlights the features of the implementation of pragmatic strategies of defense statements. This type of legal discourse is considered in comparison with other ways of implementation of legal discourse, as well as with other types of active effect discourse. The study has demonstrated that when choosing quantitative and qualitative parameters of syntactic means used in legal texts their authors should take into account genre characteristics of these texts. Expressive syntactic means are intensively used in judicial defense statements in order to intensify the impact they produce on the audience. The research has revealed that among expressive syntactic means most frequently use in defense statements are the following: parallelism, anaphora, asyndeton, climax, and parenthetical insertions. The publication also aims to demonstrate the potential of the applied methodology in terms of further investigation of various types of professional discourse; such investigation may allow to outline the most efficient means of speech impact in professional discourse, and therefore, to increase the effectiveness of professional interaction.
Towards the Problem of Communicative Approach of the French Periodicals by Modeling E. Macron’s Political Image
Authors: Loginova Polina
Published: March 2022

The paper goes on analysis of the implementation of communicative approach regarding the peculiarities of the French media texts in comparison derived from the most up-to-date periodicals such as «Le Parisien», «Le Figaro», «Le Monde» and «Libération». It is attempted to illustrate that the periodicals mentioned above envisaged within the frame of communication studies and science by the exemples of media texts cited by the author could reveal the diverse types of interpretation of E. Macron’s political image. It is also shown that the mentioned French periodicals create the specific viewpoint of the acting French leader by influencing and manipulating people’s consciousness. It is underlined that the timeliness of the analyzed topic is stipulated by upcoming presidential elections in France in the year 2022 where E. Macron will be presented, therefore the importance of analysis of his political image can not be underestimated. It is underlined that by criticing and condemning the political activities of the acting French president , French periodicals influence public opinion and model the appropriate image of E.Macron.

The practical significance of the paper is determined by implementing the obtained results while teaching international and political journalism at Universities to students of politics, future international journalists and diplomatic officials.