bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Maternal Immunization with Adjuvanted Recombinant Receptor-Binding Domain Protein Provides Immune Protection against SARS-CoV-2 in Infant Monkeys
Authors: Coe Christopher L. , Nimityongskul Francesca , Lubach Gabriele R. , Luke Kimberly , Rancour David , Schomburg Fritz M.
Published: August 2024

Maternal vaccinations administered prior to conception or during pregnancy enhance the immune protection of newborn infants against many pathogens. A feasibility experiment was conducted to determine if monkeys can be used to model the placental transfer of maternal antibody against SARS-CoV-2. Six adult rhesus monkeys were immunized with adjuvanted recombinant-protein antigens comprised of receptor-binding domain human IgG1-Fc fusion proteins (RBD-Fc) containing protein sequences from the ancestral-Wuhan or Gamma variants. The female monkeys mounted robust and sustained anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibody responses. Blood samples collected from their infants after delivery verified prenatal transfer of high levels of spike-specific IgG, which were positively correlated with maternal IgG titers at term. In addition, an in vitro test of ACE2 neutralization indicated that the infants’ IgG demonstrated antigen specificity, reflecting prior maternal immunization with either Wuhan or Gamma-variant antigens. All sera showed stronger ACE2-RBD binding inhibition when variants in the assay more closely resembled the vaccine RBD sequence than with more distantly related variants (i.e., Delta and Omicron). Monkeys are a valuable animal model for evaluating new vaccines that can promote maternal and infant health. Further, the findings highlight the enduring nature and safety of the immune protection elicited by an adjuvanted recombinant RBD-Fc vaccine.
RETRACTED: Radulescu, V. Environmental Conditions and the Fish Stocks Situation in the Black Sea, between Climate Change, War, and Pollution. Water 2023, 15, 1012
Authors: Radulescu Victorita
Published: August 2024

This journal retracts the article “Environmental Conditions and the Fish Stocks Situation in the Black Sea, between Climate Change, War, and Pollution” [...]
Academic Achievement among NCAA Division 2 Student-Athletes and Non-Athletes
Authors: Daum Holden Thomas , Daum Luke Thomas , Scholten Shane D.
Published: August 2024

There is a lack of published research on the evaluation of academic success among student-athletes in National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) Division 2 (D2) institutions. Our study focused on comparing academic performance and career prospects between student-athletes and non-athletes (traditional students) at a D2 university. A survey measuring academic and career-related variables was administered to 170 participants, with 92 (54%) being student-athletes and 78 (46%) being non-athlete students. Our findings revealed no statistically significant differences between the two groups in terms of study hours, grade point average, and academic motivation. Moreover, there were no disparities in declared majors, expected graduation timelines, and career aspirations. The academic performance of student-athletes was found to be similar to that of their non-athlete counterparts. Most D2 student-athletes did not foresee pursuing professional sports careers, highlighting the importance of academic achievement in their overall career objectives.
Modelamiento hidráulico para evaluar impactos ambientales de variaciones en la intensidad de lluvias en Trujillo, Perú
Authors: Farroñay Diaz Dante Alexander , Escurra Lagos Jean Carlos
Published: August 2024

Durante los años 2017 y 2024, las lluvias desproporcionadas han sido más frecuentes debido al sobrecalentamiento de la Tierra y al cambio climático, lo que ha resultado en pérdidas económicas y sociales significativas. Por tanto, es importante los modelamientos hidráulicos para comprender y planificar acciones que permitan mitigar los impactos de estos desastres naturales. El presente artículo de investigación se enfocó en el diseño de un modelamiento hidráulico para evaluar los impactos ambientales ocasionados por las variaciones en la intensidad de la lluvia en Trujillo. Se emplearon datos históricos de intensidad de lluvias y datos georreferenciados, junto con el uso de softwares especializados, para crear un modelo que pueda ser utilizado en futuros proyectos o estudios de impacto ambiental. Este reporte de caso resalta la necesidad de metodologías avanzadas para la prevención y gestión de inundaciones, subrayando la relevancia de la planificación y el análisis técnico en la mitigación de riesgos asociados a eventos climáticos extremos.
Parásito Cymothoa exigua en la ciudad de Riobamba, Ecuador: Análisis de prevalencia aplicando tecnologías básicas
Authors: Mora Andrés , Viteri Jimena , Mora Marilyn , Álvarez Kenny , Tiama Nicole
Published: August 2024

Cymothoa exigua es un crustáceo isópodo de la familia Cymathoidae, que presenta alrededor de 42 géneros y 250 especies diversas. Este parásito ectoparásito se destaca por su amplia distribución geográfica. El objetivo del siguiente trabajo es estimar la prevalencia de este parásito en peces frescos comercializados en la ciudad de Riobamba. La investigación se realizó con un enfoque cuantitativo, de corte transversal y alcance descriptivo. Se tomaron muestras de peces en distintas zonas comerciales de la ciudad de Riobamba, incluyendo mercados y sitios de expendio de mariscos, donde se expende pescado procedente de la costa ecuatoriana. Se utilizó el método anatomopatológico y la técnica de la necropsia para intervenir cada pez, observar y describir las lesiones y parásitos en los casos positivos. Se encontró el parásito Cymothoa exigua en 15 de los 55 pescados analizados, lo que representa una prevalencia estimada del 27.27%. Se concluye que los peces de la especie Lutjanus campechanus que son expendidos en la ciudad de Riobamba, estaban parasitados con el isópodo Cymothoa exigua, siendo la prevalencia de un 27.27%. Se presume que existe una falta de control en la distribución y comercio de este tipo de pez entre región Costa a Sierra, o a su vez que los controles existentes no cumplen a cabalidad con la función para la detección de animales infectados; además, es vital considerar que, al ser animales extraídos de un ambiente no controlado, en este caso directamente del mar, la probabilidad de sufrir parasitismo aumenta exponencialmente.
Equitable learning for all: exploring hurdles and prospects in inclusive pedagogy
Authors: Savinova Nataliia , Demchenko Iryna , Kalynovska Iryna , Vertel Anton , Omelchenko Maryna
Published: August 2024

Inclusive education is a crucial aspect of contemporary educational systems to ensure accessibility and quality of education for all learners, including those with developmental peculiarities or disabilities. This article reviews current research and publications on inclusive education to identify critical trends, challenges, and achievements. Several aspects of inclusive education have been analysed, including teacher training, using technologies, creating an environment, and resolving socio-cultural issues. Based on the findings, conclusions are drawn about the necessity of a comprehensive approach to implementing inclusive education, including the professional training of educators, active use of technologies, and creation of an educational environment. Important directions for further research could include studying the impact of professional teacher training on the successful implementation of inclusive education, analysing the effectiveness of various educational methods and strategies, and investigating the role of technologies in ensuring education accessibility for all learners. Integrating the findings from such studies can assist educational institutions and government bodies in developing and implementing more effective strategies and policies for inclusive education. It, in turn, can improve accessibility and quality of education for all children and youth, regardless of their characteristics and needs.
Diphasic CeO
2
Nanocrystal/Bioactive Glass Nanosphere-Based Composite Hydrogel for Diabetic Wound Healing by Reactive Oxygen Species Scavenging and Inflammation Regulation
Authors: Qin Muyan , Zhu Ziyang , Ding Jingxin , Zhao Jinhui , Wang Lingtian , Jiang Dajun , Wang Deping , Jia Weitao
Published: August 2024

Background:
Antioxidant therapy aimed at reducing excessive local oxidative stress is one of the most important strategies for promoting diabetic wound repair. The reversible transformation of Ce
3+
/Ce
4+
in ceria (CeO
2
) can reduce excessive local oxidative stress. However, inducing angiogenesis, local anti-inflammatory effects, and other positive effects are challenging. Therefore, ideal dressings for chronic diabetic wound management must concurrently reduce excessive oxidative stress, promote angiogenesis, and have anti-inflammatory effects.
Methods:
In this study, Ce-doped borosilicate bioactive glasses (BGs) were prepared using the sol–gel method, and CeO
2
nanocrystals (CeO
2
-NCs) were precipitated on the glass surface by heat treatment to obtain BG-
x
Ce composite glass nanospheres. Subsequently, nanospheres were modified by amino group and combined with dopamine and acrylamide to obtain BG-
x
Ce/polydopamine/polyacrylamide (PDA/PAM) composite hydrogel. Then, the morphology and properties of composite hydrogels were detected, and the properties to treat the diabetic wounds were also evaluated.
Results:
The results demonstrated that the BG-10Ce/PDA/PAM composite hydrogel possessed excellent tensile and adhesive properties. In vitro, the migration and angiogenesis of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) and fibroblasts (L929) were enhanced by reducing reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels in the conditioned medium. Animal experiments have shown that CeO
2
-NCs in hydrogels effectively scavenge ROS in diabetic wounds, and Sr dissolved from the glassy phase can modulate macrophage polarization to the M2 phenotype.
Conclusions:
The synergistic effect of both amorphous materials and nanocrystals provides the BG-10Ce/PDA/PAM composite hydrogel with great potential for diabetic wound healing.
Heterotrophy Confers Corals with Resistance but Limits Their Range Expansion: A Case of Marginal Coral Communities
Authors: Wang Qifang , Zhou Xijie , Wang Jianjia , Zhang Han , Fang Hongfei , Cai Feng , Huang Lingfeng , Zheng Xinqing
Published: August 2024

Climate change may threaten the survival of corals due to ocean warming and increased occurrence of extreme weather events. Yet, marginal coral communities demonstrate remarkable adaptability, largely due to stress-tolerant species. The mechanisms underlying their resilience to environmental fluctuations remains largely unexplored. Here, we investigated 3 coral species (
Cyphastrea serailia
,
Dipsastraea speciosa
, and
Duncanopsammia peltata
) living at the northern edge of their distribution along the South China coast (Dongshan). Combining physiological and stable isotope analysis, we assessed their traits (symbiont characteristics, C:N ratio, and biomass) and trophic flexibility (i.e., shifts in isotopic niche or nutritional mode) in response to environmental fluctuations across seasons (autumn, winter, and late spring). Our results revealed distinct physiological traits among these corals, but consistently showed lower symbiont density, higher biomass, and increased chlorophyll content in winter. All corals highly relied on heterotrophy as a crucial adaptive response (consistently no overlap between host and symbiont isotopic niches), but they differed in the degree of trophic plasticity, with
D. speciosa
showing the highest variability in heterotrophic contribution (36.3% across seasons), followed by
C. serailia
(21.8%) and
D. peltata
(8.6%). Notably, the species-specific differences in trophic plasticity well corresponded to the variation in overall isotopic niche and coral distribution. As such, trophic plasticity may play a role in shaping spatial distribution of corals in the marginal community. Overall, this study enhances our understanding of coral resilience in marginal communities and offer new insights into possible mechanisms driving the distribution of reef-building corals in the changing ocean.
Measurement and Quantification of Stress in the Decision Process: A Model-Based Systematic Review
Authors: Su Chang , Zangeneh Soroush Morteza , Torkamanrahmani Nakisa , Ruiz-Segura Alejandra , Yang Lin , Li Xiaoyuan , Zeng Yong
Published: August 2024

This systematic literature review comprehensively assesses the measurement and quantification of decisional stress using a model-based, theory-driven approach. It adopts a dual-mechanism model capturing both System 1 and System 2 thinking. Mental stress, influenced by factors such as workload, affect, skills, and knowledge, correlates with mental effort. This review aims to address 3 research questions: (a) What constitutes an effective experiment protocol for measuring physiological responses related to decisional stresses? (b) How can physiological signals triggered by decisional stress be measured? (c) How can decisional stresses be quantified using physiological signals and features? We developed a search syntax and inclusion/exclusion criteria based on the model. The literature search we conducted in 3 databases (Web of Science, Scopus, and PubMed) resulted in 83 papers published between 1990 and September 2023. The literature synthesis focuses on experiment design, stress measurement, and stress quantification, addressing the research questions. The review emphasizes historical context, recent advancements, identified knowledge gaps, and potential future trends. Insights into stress markers, quantification techniques, proposed analyses, and machine-learning approaches are provided. Methodological aspects, including participant selection, stressor configuration, and criteria for choosing measurement devices, are critically examined. This comprehensive review describes practical implications for decision-making practitioners and offers insights into decisional stress for future research.
From Individual to Population: Circuit Organization of Pyramidal Tract and Intratelencephalic Neurons in Mouse Sensorimotor Cortex
Authors: Yao Mei , Tudi Ayizuohere , Jiang Tao , An Xu , Jia Xueyan , Li Anan , Huang Z. Josh , Gong Hui , Li Xiangning , Luo Qingming
Published: August 2024

The sensorimotor cortex participates in diverse functions with different reciprocally connected subregions and projection-defined pyramidal neuron types therein, while the fundamental organizational logic of its circuit elements at the single-cell level is still largely unclear. Here, using mouse Cre driver lines and high-resolution whole-brain imaging to selectively trace the axons and dendrites of cortical pyramidal tract (PT) and intratelencephalic (IT) neurons, we reconstructed the complete morphology of 1,023 pyramidal neurons and generated a projectome of 6 subregions within the sensorimotor cortex. Our morphological data revealed substantial hierarchical and layer differences in the axonal innervation patterns of pyramidal neurons. We found that neurons located in the medial motor cortex had more diverse projection patterns than those in the lateral motor and sensory cortices. The morphological characteristics of IT neurons in layer 5 were more complex than those in layer 2/3. Furthermore, the soma location and morphological characteristics of individual neurons exhibited topographic correspondence. Different subregions and layers were composed of different proportions of projection subtypes that innervate downstream areas differentially. While the axonal terminals of PT neuronal population in each cortical subregion were distributed in specific subdomains of the superior colliculus (SC) and zona incerta (ZI), single neurons selectively innervated a combination of these projection targets. Overall, our data provide a comprehensive list of projection types of pyramidal neurons in the sensorimotor cortex and begin to unveil the organizational principle of these projection types in different subregions and layers.
PSYCHOLOGICAL FEATURES OF THE DOMINANT STRATEGY OF PSYCHOLOGICAL DEFENSE IN PATIENTS WITH OBSESSIVE-COMPULSIVE DISORDER
Authors: Халфина Р.Р. , Хабибуллина И.Р. , Тимербулатова М.Ф.
Published: August 2024

На основе изученных научных подходов зарубежных и отечественных психологов становится ясно, что психологическая защита личности представляет собой выработанную в онтогенезе и присущую любому человеку стратегию бессознательного искажения аффективных и когнитивных аспектов тех ситуаций, которые несут угрозу сложившейся картине мира. Психологическая защита - это то, с помощью чего личность развивается целостно через адаптацию или устранение чувства тревоги, которое связанно с осознанием внутриличностного конфликта и преодолением психотравмирующей ситуации. В ходе исследования установлено, что обсессии и компульсии - банальные ритуализированные действия или психические акты, которые расцениваются пациентами как "защитные". Эти "защитные" действия представляют собой ритуалы, призванные «Вестник психофизиологии» №2 2020 120 предотвращать или минимизировать опасения больного. Когда ритуал будет совершен, то это приводит к тому, что больной испытывает временное облегчение. Нарушение каких-либо традиций, норм поведения, мыслей о нарушениях моральных предписаний вызывают защиту в виде навязчивостей, которые являются средством избежать каких-либо болезней, наказания в целом. Ключевые слова: психологические защиты, обсессивнокомпульсивное расстройство

On the basis of the studied scientific approaches of foreign and domestic psychologists, it becomes clear that the psychological protection of the individual is developed in ontogenesis and inherent in any person strategy of unconscious distortion of affective and cognitive aspects of those situations that threaten the current picture of the world. Psychological protection is something by which a person develops holistically through the adaptation or elimination of anxiety, which is associated with awareness of intrapersonal conflict and overcoming psychotraumatic situation. The study found that obsessions and compulsions - banal ritualized actions or mental acts, which are regarded by patients as "protective". These "protective" actions are rituals designed to prevent or minimize the patient's fears. When the ritual is performed, it leads to the fact that the patient experiences temporary relief. Violation of any traditions, norms behavior, thought about violations moral prescriptions cause protection in the form of obsessions, which are a means avoid any diseases, punishment in a whole. Key words: psychological defenses, obsessive compulsive disorder
PSYCHOLOGICAL FEATURES OF MANIFESTATIONWITH GAME COMPUTER ADDICTION (CYBERADDICTION) DEPENDING ON GENDER
Authors: Хох И.Р. , Халфина Р.Р. , Тимербулатов И.Ф. , Хабибуллина И.Р.
Published: August 2024

В статье рассмотрены вопросы особенностей проявления кибераддикции в зависимости от гендерных различий. Установлены гендерные предпочтения в играх: респонденты женского пола предпочитают более спокойные и размеренные игры, не требующие активных и быстрых действий, и не содержащие соревновательного момента с другими игроками, мужчины же, напротив, преобладают в играх таких жанров, которые характеризуются быстротой действий, насилием, военным уклоном, включающие игрока в роль персонажа.

The article considers the issues of the peculiarities of the manifestation of cyberaddiction depending on gender differences. Gender preferences in games have been established: female respondents prefer more calm and measured games that do not require active and quick actions and do not contain a competitive moment with other players, while men, on the contrary, prevail in games of such genres that are characterized by speed of action, violence, military bias, including the player in the role of a character.
SOVIET HERITAGE OF MILITARY DOCTORS - ANTI-VIRAL THERAPY
Authors: Резункова О.П.
Published: August 2024

У нас в стране новый класс высокоэффективных противоинфекционных препаратов начал своѐ формирование на основе исследований и клинической практики, начиная с работ, выполненных доктором В. Д. Макеевым на основе рецептурного применения веществ, сформированных позднее в формульную группу тролимед. Предлагаемые противовирусные формы лекарств отличаются от антибиотиков не только структурой, но и механизмом действия. Наиболее привлекательным из их качеств является нейтральное отношение к соматическим (здоровым) клеткам.

In our country, a new class of highly effective anti-infectious drugs began to form on the basis of research and clinical practice, starting with the work carried out by Dr. Makeev on the basis of prescription use of substances later formed into the trolimed formula group. The proposed antiviral forms of drugs differ from antibiotics not only in structure, but also in the mechanism of action. The most attractive of their qualities is a neutral attitude towards somatic (healthy) cells.
FEATURES OF THE EMOTIONAL SPHERE OF PRESCHOOL CHILDREN VISUALLY IMPAIRED
Authors: Быкова Е.Б. , Купцова Е.Д.
Published: August 2024

В данной статье описывается экспериментальное исследование особенности эмоциональной сферы дошкольников с нарушениями зрения, целью которого является выявление трудностей, связанных с пониманием мимики, жестов, пантомимики дошкольниками, имеющими зрительную патологию. Актуальность выбранной темы исследования обусловлена тем, что дети с нарушением зрения развиваются по тем же законам, что и нормально видящие дети, однако нарушение понимания мимических и пантомимических проявлений партнёра в условиях зрительной депривации осложняет процесс общения, что препятствует их вхождению в социум.

This article describes an experimental study of the features of the emotional sphere of preschoolers with visual impairments, the purpose of which is to identify the difficulties associated with understanding facial expressions, gestures, pantomimes by preschoolers with visual pathology. The relevance of the chosen research topic is due to the fact that visually impaired children develop according to the same laws as normally seeing children, however, a violation of the understanding of the mimic and pantomimic manifestations of a partner in conditions of visual deprivation complicates the process of communication, which prevents them from entering society.
FEATURES OF RELATIONSHIPS FOR FORECASTING WITH SENSOMOTOR INTEGRATION PARAMETERS IN STUDENTS *
Authors: Добрин А.В.
Published: August 2024

Известно, что способность к прогнозированию основывается на интуитивном логическом анализе изучаемых явлений, что позволяет выявить возможные, ранее сформировавшиеся тенденции развития от исходных данных до достижения поставленной цели и на их основе разработать новые стратегии поиска методов и средств решения той или иной задачи [3]. То есть прогнозирование основывается на механизме прогнозирования и последующего построения модели определенной ситуации, что связано с успешностью процесса обучения, так как согласно ряду исследований именно процесс предвосхищения желаемого определяет обоснованность и правильность принятого решения

It is known that the ability to predict is based on an intuitive logical analysis of the studied phenomena, which allows us to identify possible, previously formed trends of development from the initial data to the achievement of the goal and on their basis to develop new strategies for finding methods and means of solving a particular problem [3]. In other words, forecasting is based on the mechanism of forecasting and subsequent construction of a model of a certain situation, which is associated with the success of the learning process, since according to a number of studies, it is the process of anticipating the desired that determines the validity and correctness of the decision
STUDENTS AND STRESS: INFLUENCE OF THE PREPARATION DIRECTION
Authors: Авилов О.В. , Галиулина К.Ю.
Published: August 2024

В статье обсуждается проблема развития стресса у студентов во время пандемии COVID-19, показана различная значимость стрессоров в зависимости от направления подготовки студентов. В ходе работы было обследовано 2 группы студентов: студенты медицинских специальностей и студенты немедицинских специальностей. Обнаружено, что такие стрессоры, как ситуации, связанные с инфицированием самого себя и близких, дискомфорт, вызванный нарушением планов, были более значимы для студентов медицинского университета , что было прежде всего связано с особенностями выбора медицинской специальности и спецификой подготовки студентов в вузе . В то же время для студентов немедицинских специальностей бо́льшую значимость представляли высокая продолжительность изоляции, финансовые проблемы, спровоцированные пандемией.

The article discusses the problem of stress among students during the COVID-19 pandemic. We identified pandemic-related stress factors experienced by non-medical students of Chelyabinsk during the COVID-19 pandemic in order to determine the difference between the levels of stress among medical and non-medical students and the reasons playing imperative role in causing this difference (preparation direction, etc). Uncertainty over duration of COVID-19 pandemic, financial problems, high duration of isolation were more significant for non-medical students, at the same time medical students flagged fear for life and health of relatives and friends, discomfort caused by disruption of plans, fear of infection as the most significant stress factors.
DYNAMICS OF SACCADES AND FIXATIONS AS A REFLECTION OF THE PROCESS OF EPISTEMIC EVALUATION
Authors: Демарева В.А. , Голубинская А.В. , Петрова И.Э. , Жукова М.В.
Published: August 2024

Статья посвящена выявлению особенностей движений глаз при чтении незнакомых слов для изучения формирования эпистемической оценки. Было предположено, что при помощи анализа движений глаз при знакомстве человека с новой информацией (новыми терминами) может быть установлено, является ли поиск связей существенным элементом процесса формирования эпистемической оценки информации. Выборку составили 20 студентов, которые читали тексты на родном (русском) языке. Выявлено, что скорость саккад уменьшается, а длительность фиксаций увеличивается во время чтения неизвестного слова, что может рассматриваться как психофизиологический маркер эпистемической оценки. Таким образом, паттерны движения глаз при знакомстве с новым термином может быть показателем формирования эпистемической оценки.

The article is dedicated to identifying the features of eye movements when reading unfamiliar words for studying the formation of epistemic evaluation. It was suggested that the analysis of eye movements when a person is introduced to new information (new terms) can be used to determine whether the search for connections is an essential element in the process of formation of epistemic evaluation of information. The sample consisted of 20 students who read texts in their native (Russian) language. It was revealed that the speed of saccades decreased, and the duration of fixations increased while reading an unknown word, which can be considered as a psychophysiological marker of epistemic evaluation. Thus, eye movement patterns during acquaintance with a new term can be an indicator of epistemic evaluation formation.
CHARACTERISTICS OF THE PERCEPTIVE STRUCTURES OF THE IMAGE OF THE WORLD AMONG YOUNG REPRESENTATIVES OF THE INDIGENOUS SMALL-NUMBERED PEOPLES OF THE NORTH
Authors: Рябова М.А.
Published: August 2024

Проведён сравнительный анализ показателей перцептивных структур образа мира у представителей коренных малочисленных народов Севера юношеского возраста и представителей, не относящихся к северным этносам. Выявлены характеристики перцептивных структур образа мира, показано, что части перцептивного слоя образа связаны с практической деятельностью и обусловлены предыдущим субъективным опытом. Сделан вывод о том, что в практической деятельности избирательность выделения областей перцепции связана с мотивом деятельности, отношением, личностным смысловым значением.

The study is performed to comparatively analyse of the indicators of the perceptual structures of the image of the world was carried out among representatives of the indigenous peoples of the North of adolescence and representatives of non-northern ethnic groups. Have been identified characteristics of the perceptual structures of the image of the world, it is shown that parts of the perceptual layer of the image are associated with practical activity, that is, it is conditioned by previous subjective experience. The conclusion is made that in practice, the selectivity of the selection of areas of perception is associated with the motive of the activity, attitude, personal semantic meaning.
"SLEEP-WAKEFULNESS" AS A POLYSYSTEM REDOX-OSCILLATOR OF THE ORGANISM AND COVID-19
Authors: Чернышева М.П.
Published: August 2024

Функции циркадианного ритма "сон-бодрствование" на уровне организма направлены, прежде всего, на поддержание гомеостаза метаболизма и его интегрального показателя - рН. Это позволяет рассматривать "сон-бодрствование" как полисистемный редокс-осциллятор, запускающий на всех структурных уровнях организма изменения метаболизма в циркадианном ритме. Cмена нарастающего в течение дня ацидоза его нейтрализацией и алкалозом ночью (в темноте) отражает функции этого редоксосциллятора. У людей, работающих в ночную смену, работа циркадианного редоксосциллятора нарушается, а пролонгированный рост ацидоза усиливает экспрессию АСЕ-2. Это облегчает инвазию вируса SARS-CoV-2 через АСЕ-2 и повышает риск Covid-19. Существующий ранее ацидоз в каком-либо локальном очаге воспаления (например, в лёгких, сосудах или сердце и т.д.) может определять "мишень" для вируса и доминирующую патологию в пост-ковидном синдроме у конкретного человека. Кроме того, ингибирование экспрессии и функций BMAL-1 при работе в ночную смену вызывает нарушение метаболизма и когнитивных функций ЦНС, способствует развитию нейродегенеративных патологий.

The functions of the circadian rhythm "sleep-wakefulness" at the level of the body are aimed primarily at maintaining the homeostasis of metabolism and its integral indicator - pH. This allows us to consider "sleep-wakefulness" as a polysystemic redox- oscillator that triggers metabolic changes in the circadian rhythm at all structural levels of the body. The change of acidosis increasing during the day to its neutralization and alkalosis at night (in the dark) reflects the functions of this redox oscillator. In people who work the night shift, the work of the circadian redox-oscillator is disturbed, and the prolonged magnification in acidosis increases the expression of ACE-2. This facilitates the invasion of the SARS-CoV-2 virus by ACE-2 and increases the risk of Covid-19. A pre-existing acidosis in some local inflammatory focus (for example, in the lungs, blood vessels or heart, etc.) may determine the "target" for the virus and the dominant pathology in the post-COVID syndrome in a particular person. In addition, inhibition of the expression and functions of BMAL-1 during night shifts causes disturbances in the metabolism and cognitive functions of the CNS, and contributes to the development of neurodegenerative pathologies.
ALL WE KNOW SO FAR ABOUT THE NEW COVID-19 CORONAVIRUS INFECTION
Authors: Тегза В.Ю. , Гетман С.И.
Published: August 2024

В статье отражены все вопросы, связанные с новой коронавирусной инфекцией COVID-19. Авторы рассматривают этиологические аспекты, эпидемиологическую характеристику новой коронавирусной инфекции, клинические особенности, диагностические критерии, методы лечения и профилактики. В статье обобщѐн опыт борьбы с новой коронавирусной инфекцией отечественных и зарубежных врачей. На сегодняшний день накоплено немало информации, которая помогает разобраться клиницистам во всем мире с наиболее эффективными подходами в лечении новой коронавирусной инфекциеи COVID-19. Мы благодарим зарубежных коллег, которые честно делятся информацией, теми трудностями, с которыми они столкнулись, первыми приняв удар эпидемии коронавирусной инфекции на себя, и теми путями решения, которыми они уже воспользовались.

The article covers all issues related to the new COVID-19 coronavirus infection. The authors consider the etiological aspects, epidemiological characteristics of a new coronavirus infection, clinical features, diagnostic criteria, treatment and prevention methods. The article summarizes the experience of fighting a new coronavirus infection of domestic and foreign doctors. To date, a lot of information has been accumulated that helps clinicians around the world understand the most effective approaches in the treatment of the new COVID-19 coronavirus infection. We thank our foreign colleagues who honestly share information, the difficulties they faced when they first took the brunt of the coronavirus epidemic, and the solutions they have already used.
PSYCHOLOGICAL FEATURES OF PARENTAL ATTITUDES IN FAMILIES RAISING CHILDREN WITH ASD
Authors: Хахлова О.Н. , Политика О.И. , Евтушенко Е.М.
Published: August 2024

В данной статье рассмотрены особенности формирования психологических установок родителей, воспитывающих детей с диагнозом расстройство аутического спектра (РАС). Формирование личности ребёнка с аутизмом напрямую зависит от ближайшего окружения. Ребёнок с аутизмом должен расти в обстановке эмоционального благополучия и именно поэтому так важны родительские отношения в семьях с особыми детьми. В нашем исследовании мы получили следующие результаты: родительские установки имеют весьма специфический и противоречивый характер, матери не принимают их, пытаются уклониться от контакта с ребёнком, а с другой - устанавливают симбиотические отношения с ними, проявляют чрезмерное вмешательство в мир ребёнка и стремятся обеспечить их безопасность.

This article discusses the features of the formation of psychological attitudes of parents raising children with a diagnosis of autistic origin disorder (ASD). The formation of the personality of a child with autism directly depends on the immediate environment. A child with autism should grow up in an environment of emotional well-being and that is why parental relationships in families with special children are so important. In our study, we obtained the following results: parental attitudes have a very specific and contradictory nature, mothers do not accept them, try to avoid contact with the child, and on the other hand, establish symbiotic relationships with them, show excessive interference in the child's world and strive to ensure their safety.
CORRECTION OF COGNITIVE IMPAIRMENT IN PATIENTS OUTPATIENT LINK IN THE POSTCOVID PERIOD
Authors: Митина Г.В. , Пермякова Н.В. , Темняткина Е.Н. , Шаяхметова Э.Ш.
Published: August 2024

В статье представлен анализ клинико-психологических особенностей когнитивной сферы у пациентов амбулаторного звена в постковидном периоде. Исследование проводилось на базе РКПЦ г. Уфа. В обследовании приняли участие 40 пациентов с постковидным синдромом, средний возраст которых составил 45,6±3,2 лет. Для решения исследовательских задач использован комплекс опросных методик, направленных на выявление психического статуса и когнитивной сферы пациентов. В результате исследования было установлено, что физические нагрузки в сочетании с упражнениями нейробики проводят к повышению уровня кислорода в организме, благодаря чему ускоряется кровообращение и восстанавливаются функции головного мозга, что, в свою очередь, положительно сказывается на когнитивной сфере пациентов. Практическая значимость исследования заключается в том, что разработана программа коррекции когнитивной сферы у пациентов амбулаторного звена в постковидном периоде.

The article presents an analysis of the clinical and psychological features of the cognitive sphere in outpatient patients in the postcovid period. The study was conducted on the basis of the RKPC of Ufa. The study involved 40 patients with postcovid syndrome, whose average age was 45,6±3,2 years. To solve research problems, a set of survey techniques aimed at identifying the mental status and cognitive sphere of patients was used. As a result of the study, it was found that physical activity in combination with exercises of neurobiology leads to an increase in the level of oxygen in the body, thereby accelerating blood circulation and restoring brain functions, which in turn has a positive effect on the cognitive sphere of patients. The practical significance of the study lies in the fact that a program has been developed to correct the cognitive sphere in outpatient patients in the postcovid period.
PSYCHOPHYSIOLOGY OF SAFETY IN THE EDUCATIONAL ENVIRONMENT
Authors: Попова Т.В.
Published: August 2024

Представлены результаты разработки и внедрения в учебный процесс вуза и средней школы учебной программы "Психофизиология безопасности". Коллективу авторов: Попова Т. В., Корюкалов Ю. И., Максутова Г. И., Коурова О. Г. удалось обосновать психофизиологические механизмы благоприятного воздействия программы на функциональное состояние студентов и школьников, а также на их социальную адаптацию. Рекомендовано внедрять такие программы в процесс обучения студентов и школьников.

The results of the development and implementation of the curriculum "Psychophysiology of safety" in the educational process of the university and secondary school are presented. The team of authors: Popova T. V., Koryukalov Yu. I., Maksutova G. I., Kourova O. G. managed to substantiate the psychophysiological mechanisms of the beneficial effect of the program on the functional state of students and schoolchildren, as well as on their social adaptation. It is recommended to introduce such programs in the process of teaching students and schoolchildren.
PHILOSOPHY OF TACTICAL CULTURE
Authors: Бетильмерзаева М.М.
Published: August 2024

Тактильная культура формируется в период адаптации и социализации личности к окружающей физической, социальной, психической реальности в контексте взаимодействия как субъективных психофизиологических склонностей, так и под влиянием окружающей среды. Тактильная культура - это показатель социальной принадлежности индивида к определенной социальной общности. Он носит символический характер, что определяет смысловое разнообразие содержания в зависимости от культурного контекста. Философское понимание культуры прикосновения предполагает анализ фактов и событий социального поведения человека и позволяет объяснить генуэзские основы зарождения символической природы прикосновения, увидеть истоки психических особенностей индивида или социальной общности. При объяснении культуры прикосновения можно выделить следующие подходы к ее классификации: по времени, по источнику и по направлению. Особенностями культуры прикосновения, на наш взгляд, являются опытный характер формирования и бессознательный характер проявления.

Tactile culture is formed during the period of adaptation and socialization of the individual to the surrounding physical, social, mental reality in the context of the interaction of both subjective psychophysiological inclinations and under the influence of the environment. Tactile culture is an indicator of an individual's social belonging to a particular social community. It is symbolic in nature, which determines the semantic diversity of the content depending on the cultural context. Philosophical understanding of the culture of touch involves the analysis of facts and events of human social behavior and allows one to explicate the genoa foundations of the birth of the symbolic nature of touch, to see the origins of the mental characteristics of an individual or a social community. When explicating the culture of touch, the following approaches to its classification can be distinguished: by time, by source and by direction. The peculiarities of the culture of touch, in our opinion, are the experienced character of formation and the unconscious character of manifestation.
RELATIONSHIP OF COGNITIVE CONTROL WITH CREATIVITY PARAMETERS ESTIMATED WITH THE TEST BY W. TORRENS AND J. GILFORD
Authors: Николаева Е.И. , Беляева Е.М.
Published: August 2024

В работе рассматривалась проблема взаимосвязи когнитивного контроля и творческого процесса. Цель исследования состояла в изучении связи когнитивного контроля с параметрами креативности, оценёнными с помощью теста У. Торренса и Дж. Гилфорда. В исследовании приняли участие ученики 6-7 классов. Всего было обследовано 158 детей (средний возраст 12,9±0,6 лет), из них 61 - мальчик (средний возраст 13,0±0,6 лет) и 97 - девочек (12,7±0,6 лет). Были использованы следующие методики: тест Е. Торренса в адаптации А. Н. Воронина; тест Дж. Гилфорда в адаптации Е. А. Туник; оценка тормозного контроля как элемента когнитивного контроля в рамках простой и сложной сенсомоторной реакций (Вергунов, Николаева, 2009). Показано, что изучаемые варианты тестов Дж. Гилфорда и Е. Торренса различным образом описывают креативность младших подростков. Тормозный контроль у мальчиков - младших подростков ниже, чем у девочек, что можно объяснить возрастными особенностями выборки. Чувствительность к сенсорному потоку в сложной сенсомоторной реакции соотносится с параметром "Оригинальность" в тесте Гилфорда.

The paper considered the problem of the relationship between cognitive control and the creative process. The aim of the study was to study the relationship between cognitive control and the parameters of creativity, assessed with the test by W. Torrance and J. Guilford. The study involved students in grades 6-7. A total of 158 children were examined (mean age 12.9 ± 0.6years), of which 61 were boys (mean age 13.0 ± 0.6 years) and 97 were girls (mean age 12.7 ± 0.6 years). The following techniques were used: E. Torrens test (the adaptation of A. N. Voronin); J. Guilford's test adapted by E. A. Tunic; assessment of inhibitory control as an element of cognitive control within the framework of simple and complex sensorimotor reactions (Vergunov, Nikolaeva, 2009). It is shown that the studied variants of the tests by J. Guildford and E. Torrance describe the creativity of younger adolescents in different ways. The inhibitory control in young adolescent boys is lower than in girls, which can be explained by the age characteristics of the sample. Sensitivity to sensory flow in a complex sensorimotor response correlates with originality in the Guildford’s test.
PLACES, NON-PLACES, SPACES: STRUCTURE AND MOBILITY OF POST-SOVIET CITIES
Authors: Prokopenko V.  V. , Laktyukhina E.  G. , Tirin V.  V.
Published: August 2024

In their work, the authors build a conceptual grid for the diversity of space in a Russian post-Soviet city in order to answer the questions: how, given the modern ca-pabilities of modern man, taking into account the constant growth of the population and the volume of his image, is it necessary to structure urban space; how do you take care of the mobility of visitors to urban spaces in residential areas; what importance is attached to the environment created by the development and whether it is capable of meeting the demands of world-class citizens.
LIVING ENVIRONMENT AS A COMPLEX OPEN SYSTEM WITH AN ACTIVE ELEMENT (on the example of a living environment for a young family)
Authors: Burtseva V. S.
Published: August 2024

The purpose of the work is to determine the system characteristics of the res-idential environment as the basis for designing and creating the supportive environment for a young family. The object of the study is the “living environment and young fami-ly” system. The choice of the subject of the study is determined by the hypothesis of the subjectivity of the young in relation to the objects significant for this social group — housing and living environment. A methodological approach to the study of the living environment for a young family is applied to the theory of systems and sys-tem analysis. For the purposes of the study, it was found that the living environment has a life cycle consisting of two main stages. The first stage is the creation of a living environment lasting ~ 4.5 years, determines the conditions for the organization of hu-man life for the next ~ 100 years (~ 2.5 generations). Due to the activity nature of the residential environment (local habitat), it is proposed to determine the area of the resi-dential environment on the basis of the concept of chronourbanism or a 5–10–15–20 minute city, which has been used in domestic urban planning practice since the 1920s, and can be rethought in connection with the actual needs of young families. Due to the targeted nature of the system “living environment and young family”, the article subs-tantiates the potential subjectivity of a young family in relation to the living environ-ment and characterizes the interaction of a young one with other subjects of its forma-tion. The obtained conclusions about the properties of the “residential environment and young family” system are considered as the basis for prospective studies of housing needs of young families, the organization of interaction of young families with other subjects of the formation of the residential environment and sociological forecasting of the development of the residential environment.
Architectural and urban planning organization of the system of public spaces in the Voroshilovsky district of Volgograd “Tsaritsyn Quarters”
Authors: Sharonova O.  A. , Antyufeev A.  V.
Published: August 2024

The article touches on the topic of architectural and urban planning organization of the system of public spaces in the Voroshilovsky district of Volgograd under the name “Tsaritsyn Quarters”. The work emphasizes the importance of preserving and recreating the historical appearance of the Voroshilovsky district, which serves as evidence of the development and transformation of the city from Tsaritsyn to Stalingrad, and then to Volgograd. The authors of the article focus on the need to ensure the adaptation of the historical area to modern conditions and requirements, which includes the development of infrastructure, accessibility and functionality of public spaces. In particular, a concept is proposed that involves restoring historical buildings, optimizing transport infrastructure, providing access to the Volga River and creating tourist routes. The concept includes the use and reconstruction of authentic buildings and spaces of Tsaritsyn to create new public spaces, such as the Academic, Museum and Fair quarters. The proposal for the creation of “Tsaritsyn Quarters” in the Voroshilovsky district of Volgograd was developed on the basis of architectural and urban planning surveys, historical and sociological research and analysis of the existing transport and pedestrian infrastructure. The authors argue that the implementation of the developed proposals will transform the currently depressed area into a new attractive and sought-after public space of the city, thereby ensuring a balance between the preservation of historical heritage and the development of a modern urban environment.
A sociological survey as a tool for planning the green infrastructure of cities
Authors: Zlobin D. V.
Published: August 2024

The article analyzes the Russian and foreign experience of conducting socio-logical surveys on the state and development of green infrastructure (GI) on the exam-ple of St. Petersburg, Kaliningrad, Nizhnevartovsk, Irkutsk, Tomsk, Arkhangelsk, Ye-revan, Berlin and US cities in the context of growing need to improve the state of the environment. An overview of experts' sources on the state of green spaces in Arkhan-gelsk and the results of a sociological survey conducted in 2023 of residents of the cities of the Arkhangelsk region (Arkhangelsk, Severodvinsk, Kotlas, etc.) on the attitude to the state of environment and GI of their settlements with the preparation of a list of the most problematic green areas are presented. The opinion of citizens on measures for the care of green spaces, ways of developing GI and the demand for ecosystem ser-vices has been studied. Recommendations on the application of the survey results in the implementation of the concept of GI are formulated. Conclusions are drawn about the importance of conducting long-term sociological research to obtain objective in-formation about the quality of landscaping, as well as the formation of an ecological culture of citizens in order to involve them in the management of GI and, in particular, the development of urban planning documentation within the framework of an envi-ronmental approach.