bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
DO SOM AO SENTIDO: O OLHAR DO NARRADOR E SEUS DESVÃOS EM TENTAÇÃO, DE CLARICE LISPECTOR
Authors: Guimarães Saves Fernando , Roberti de Mello Jessica , Gonçalves Aguinaldo José
Published: March 2021

Este artigo é uma leitura do conto Tentação, de Clarice Lispector, a partir do qual se procura depreender um entendimento analítico-interpretativo dos elementos que conduzem o enredo ao rápido, porém significativo encontro entre uma garota e um cão basset. Seguindo esse fio de prumo, o trabalho se baseia em teorias voltadas ao papel do narrador e seu posicionamento em relação àquilo que conta; ademais, serão utilizados estudos da poeticidade do som para a construção de sentido. Valendo-se desse processo de leitura, destacar-se-á como forma e conteúdo atuam para a produção de efeitos significativos que se constroem por meio de uma linguagem literária. Para isso, destacam-se os textos teóricos de Grammont (1947), Pouillon (1974), Nunes (1989) e Todorov (2006).
ESCRITOS DE GUERRA DE CLARICE LISPECTOR
Authors: Nunes Aparecida Maria , Ternero Nataly
Published: March 2021

Este artigo se propõe a analisar a correspondência de Clarice Lispector trocada com familiares e amigos entre os anos 1944 e 1946, enquanto a autora morava em Nápoles, Itália, assim como as crônicas escritas por ela sobre o período da Segunda Guerra Mundial. Pretende-se, com este estudo, identificar o pano de fundo histórico no qual a autora esteve inserida durante sua passagem pela Itália e as dimensões subjetivas de sua interrelação com o ambiente à sua volta: ser uma jovem estrangeira de descendência judaica em meio à guerra nazista, longe de família e amigos. Buscou-se, assim, compreender quais representações de Europa e de guerra foram construídas tanto na correspondência pessoal da autora quanto em seus textos publicados posteriormente à sua estadia no estrangeiro.
LÍNGUA INGLESA: ASPECTOS DE SUA UNIVERSALIDADE
Authors: Cruz Giêdra Ferreira , Andrade Rainan Marques Santos
Published: March 2021

Este artigo tem como objetivo analisar a conjuntura política, econômica e social que envolve o uso do inglês como língua universal. É fato que a língua inglesa tornou-se a mais falada em todo o mundo. Mesmo em países cujos idiomas diferem do inglês, de certa forma, já existem estímulos sociais e econômicos para que se aprenda o idioma. Procurando compreender tais aspectos, este estudo realizou um levantamento bibliográfico acerca da temática contemplando uma interpretação teórica dos elementos que contribuíram para a proeminência da língua inglesa como fenômeno global. Assim, no intuito de contextualizar, também, o papel desempenhado pelo o inglês na contemporaneidade, bem como as relações de poder existentes nas entrelinhas, respaldamo-nos no aporte teórico do campo da linguística aplicada.
UMA LAGOA NAS ALAGOAS
Authors: Dos Santos Nádson Araújo
Published: March 2021

UMA LAGOA NAS ALAGOAS
VIDA E MORTE NO COTIDIANO DE PERSONAGENS SOLITÁRIAS E INFELIZES
Authors: Botoso Altamir
Published: March 2021

VIDA E MORTE NO COTIDIANO DE PERSONAGENS SOLITÁRIAS E INFELIZES
Do birds disperse mosses? Evidence of endozoochory in upland geese Chloephaga picta and white-bellied seedsnipes Attagis malouinus in sub-Antarctic Chile
Authors: Lazaro Xenabeth , Mackenzie Roy , Jimènez Jaime
Published: March 2021

Birds are known to act as potential vectors for the exogenous dispersal
of bryophyte diaspores. Given the totipotency of vegetative tissue of
many bryophytes, birds could also contribute to endozoochorous bryophyte
dispersal. Research has shown that fecal samples of the upland goose
(Chloephaga picta) and white-bellied seedsnipe (Attagis
malouinus) contain bryophyte fragments. Although few fragments from
bird feces have been known to regenerate, the evidence for the viability
of diaspores following passage through the bird intestinal tract remains
ambiguous. We evaluated the role of endozoochory in these same
herbivorous and sympatric bird species in sub-Antarctic Chile. We
hypothesized that fragments of bryophyte gametophytes retrieved from
their feces are viable and capable of regenerating new plant tissue.
Eleven feces disc samples containing undetermined moss fragments from
C. picta (N=6) and A. malouinus (N=5) and
six moss fragment samples from wild collected mosses (Conostomum
tetragonum, Syntrichia robusta, and Polytrichum strictum)
were grown ex situ in peat soil and in vitro using a
agar-Gamborg medium. After 91 days, 20% of fragments from A.
malouinus feces, 50% of fragments from C. picta feces, and 67%
of propagules from wild mosses produced new growth. The fact that moss
diaspores remained viable and can regenerate under experimental
conditions following the passage through the intestinal tracts of these
robust fliers and altitudinal and latitudinal migrants, suggests that
sub-Antarctic birds may play a critical role in bryophyte dispersal.
This relationship may have important implications in the way bryophytes
disperse and colonize habitats facing climate change. Keywords: birds,
bryophyte dispersal, endozoochory, mosses, sub-Antarctic
Photosynthetic plasticity of a tropical tree species, Tabebuia rosea, in response to elevated temperature and [CO2]
Authors: Slot Martijn , Rifai Sami , Winter Klaus
Published: March 2021

Atmospheric and climate change will expose tropical forests to
conditions they have not experienced in millions of years. To better
understand the consequences of this change we studied photosynthetic
acclimation of the neotropical tree species Tabebuia rosea to
combined 4°C warming and twice-ambient (800 ppm) CO. We
measured temperature responses of the maximum rates of ribulose
1,5-bisphosphate carboxylation (V), photosynthetic
electron transport (J), net photosynthesis
(P), and stomatal conductance (gs), and fitted the
data using a probabilistic Bayesian approach. To evaluate short-term
acclimation plants were then switched between treatment and control
conditions and re-measured after 1–2 weeks. Consistent with
acclimation, the optimum temperatures (T) for
V, J and P
were 1–5°C higher in treatment than in control plants, while
photosynthetic capacity (V, J,
and P at T) was 8–25% lower.
Likewise, moving control plants to treatment conditions moderately
increased temperature optima and decreased photosynthetic capacity.
Stomatal density and sensitivity to leaf-to-air vapor pressure deficit
were not affected by growth conditions, and treatment plants did not
exhibit stronger stomatal limitations. Collectively, these results
illustrate the strong photosynthetic plasticity of this tropical tree
species as even fully-developed leaves of saplings transferred to
extreme conditions partially acclimated.
Molecular phylogenetic and phylogeography of Soriculus nigrescens in southwest China
Authors: Jiang Haijun , Fu Changkun , Tang Keyi , Li Fengjun , Xie Fei , Qin Boxin , Chen Dan , Chen Shunde , Liu Shaoying
Published: March 2021

The Himalayan Shrew belongs to the genus Soriculus, which is a monotypic
genus. We investigated the phylogeographic patterns, speciation,
divergence time, and demographic history of Soriculus nigrescens in
southwestern China. A total of 128 samples from 29 regions were analyzed
for both mitochondrial and nuclear genes. Phylogenetic analyses of the
concatenated mtDNA and nuDNA data revealed three highly divergent
lineages within the S. nigrescens. One group represented subspecies S.
n. minors, another group represented subspecies S. n. nigrescens, which
is made up of two Clades A and B. The species delimitation analyses,
based on two methods, supported the species status of the two Clades of
S. n. nigrescens. In addtion, it was found that individuals at different
altitudes in Motuo were divided into two Clades. Bayesian skyline
plotting analyses and ecological niche modeling also supported
demographic and range expansions during the LGM for S. n. nigrescens. We
propose that S. n. nigrescens appears to be composed of two putative
species, and S. n. minor should be elevated to species status. Our study
also suggested that climate change since the Miocene periods and the
uplift of the QTP may have resulted in the diversification and
speciation of S. nigrescens.
Niche-restriction and regional endemism driving facultative coevolutionary symbiosis --- Ecology and phylogeography of two new snapping shrimps associated with a gobiid fish
Authors: Giraldes Bruno , Boughattas Sonia , Schubart Christoph , Al-Khayat Jassim , Al-Ashwal Aisha , Al-Omari Najat , Althani Asma , Benslimane Fatiha
Published: March 2021

Using ecological, taxonomic and phylogenetic approaches, we here
describe geographically isolated symbiotic relationships between a
gobiid fish and two misdescribed alpheid snapping shrimps. This was
discovered in the southwestern province of the Persian Gulf, more
specifically, in the harsh hyperarid intertidal zone separating the
coastal ecosystem from the Middle East desert. Phylogenetic results
based on the 16S rRNA gene indicate the existence of two new cryptic
species within the Alpheus lobidens De Haan, 1849 species complex,
described and named here as Alpheus qatari n. sp. and Alpheus arabicus
n. sp. Furthermore, phylogeographic results suggest resurrection of
Alpheus crassimanus Heller, 1865 within the same species complex. A
phylogenetic comparison of the endemic Arabic goby Cryptocentroides
arabicus (Gmelin, 1789) with some of its congeners confirms its presence
along both sides of the Persian Gulf. Ecologically noteworthy is the
facultative symbiotic interaction between this endemic Arabic goby with
the two mentioned endemic alpheid shrimps within two distinct
ecosystems. Therefore, we herewith report a case of exceptional
symbiosis of a littoral fish species with two potential partners,
niche-restricted to shallow intertidal zones, however, with niche
differentiation defined by the adaptability of each associated shrimp
species. Furthermore, the presence of the goby depends on suitable
sediment needed for burrowing: either gravel in the periphery of coral
reefs, or mud in the periphery of mangrove ecosystems. The corresponding
ecology, taxonomic status and phylogeography are discussed with respect
to the recorded facultative character of the symbiotic relationship.
Faktor-faktor yang Menyebabkan Hipotensi Intradialisis : Literature Review
Authors: Sidiq Muhammad Nur
Published: March 2021

Introduction: Chronic kidney disease is a progressive and irreversible disorder of kidney function where the body experiences fail to maintain metabolism, fluid and electrolyte balance, and causing uremia. Hemodialysis is done to eliminate the symptoms, namely controlling uremia, excess fluid and electrolyte imbalances that occur in patients with chronic kidney disease. In addition to the benefits of hemodialysis, it is also have many of complications, one of the most common complications is intradialysis hypotension (IDH), cases of intradialysis hypotension reach 20% to 30% in the hemodialysis session. The method used is a literature review study by comparing some literature from search sites accredited journals such as Scientdirect, the National Center for Biotechnology Information and Google Scholar with the keywords Hypotension Intradyalitic Factor in the period 2015-2020. Research result :. Intradialysis hypotension (IDH) occurs due to mulifactorial both non-technical factors and hemodialysis technical factors. Non-technical factors consist of gender, age, history of hypertension, heart disease, anemia and patient's hemodialysis duration. Technical factors consist of ultrafiltration rate, dialysate liquid temperature, and dialysate fluid concentration. Conclusion: Intradialysis hypotension occurs because it is preceded by mulftifactorial factors, IDH occurs due to reduced aggressive blood circulation volume during the hemodialysis session
Improvement of megacity ecological conditions with the use of a clever SmartBoxCity container-tranformer
Authors:   Don State Technical University, Rostov-on-Don, Russian Federation, Korotkiy A. A. , Galchenko G. A. ,   Don State Technical University, Rostov-on-Don, Russian Federation, Drozdov D. S. ,   Southern Federal University, Rostov-on-Don, Russian Federation
Published: March 2021

Introduction. The paper proposes an option for improving the environmental situation in Rostov-on-Don. That is the optimization of the way of cargo delivery to the customer using the clever SmartBoxCity container-tranformer and the Dispatcher RD program. Problem Statement. It is necessary to improve the ecological situation of the city by reducing the number of traffic jams and the time spent in them. The task was to develop and implement technical and information support, on which the driver's ability to get up-to-date information and reduce the delivery time of products to consumers depends. Theoretical Part. The optimization of traffic within the city must be solved using the existing traffic scheme. Due to the optimization, you can significantly reduce the number of traffic jams and the time spent in them, and, accordingly, improve the environmental situation in the city. The way how the driver gets up-to-date information depends entirely on the information support. It is proposed to use a smart folding cargo container-transformer SmartBoxCity, which includes elements of intelligent urban mobility. To optimize the delivery path in the absence of the Internet, the Dispatcher RD software product can be used. Conclusion. The effective management, monitoring and integrated planning of the movement is carried out with the use of mobile and server applications. To improve the professional competence of students of the relevant specialties, it is proposed to use the current SmartBoxCity layout, a developed mobile application and a computer program for optimizing the delivery path.
Analysis of methods for processing and using by-products of the technological process of asphalt concrete component manufacturing
Authors:   Don State Technical University, Rostov-on-Don, Russian Federation, Ozeryanskaya V. V. , Repinskaya A. A. ,   Don State Technical University, Rostov-on-Don, Russian Federation, Lazurenko R. R. ,   Don State Technical University, Rostov-on-Don, Russian Federation, Seregin M. Y. ,   Don State Technical University, Rostov-on-Don, Russian Federation
Published: March 2021

Introduction. Currently, the problem of disposal and recycling of industrial waste is extremely relevant. The article analyzes the economically feasible and environmentally friendly ways of the processing or using waste generated during the production of the asphalt concrete component — enriched mineral filler. Problem Statement. The aim of the study was to find the most economically feasible and environmentally friendly ways to process or use waste generated during the production of enriched mineral filler at one of the enterprises of the Rostov region. Theoretical Part. The paper considers the composition of the enriched mineral filler as the main product of production and a source of by-products, the technological process of its manufacture, as well as the composition of the resulting by-products to be disposed. Based on the results of these studies, the assessment of probable ways of waste disposal was performed and the optimal method of recycling was selected. Conclusion. The choice of the most appropriate method of waste disposal from the production of mineral filler allows you to reduce the total amount of waste at the enterprise and significantly reduce the negative impact of the enterprise on the environment. To implement the proposed technology of mineral waste disposal, the relevant technical conditions and regulations are being developed.
PENGARUH JENIS PUPUK ORGANIK DAN APLIKASIPUPUK HAYATI TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN DAN PRODUKSI TANAMAN TOMAT (Solanum lycopersicumMill) DI DESA SUKABANJAR KECAMATAN GEDONG TATAAN
Authors: Ziladi Aditya Rafi , Hendarto Kus , Ginting Yohannes C. , Karyanto Agus
Published: March 2021

Tanaman tomat merupakan salah satu komoditas hortikultura yang sangat potensial untuk dikembangkan karena mempunyai nilai ekonomis cukup tinggi. Produksi tomat di Indonesia mengalami penurunan yang di sebabkan berkurangnya luas panen di Indonesia tahun 2011 sampai 2015 mengalami penurunan sebesar 7,57 %.  Hal ini disebabkan karena budidaya tomat yang cukup sulit karena tanah di Indonesia umumnya ultisol dan juga harga yang tidak stabil membuat petani enggan menanam tomat. Tanah ultisol ini memiliki kandungan unsur hara yang rendah.  Penggunaan bahan organik berupa pupuk kandang ayam, pupuk kandang sapi, dan pupuk kompos jerami dan penambahan pupuk hayati bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh jenis bahan organik yaitu pupuk kandang sapi, kandang ayam dan pupuk kompos jerami pada pertumbuhan dan produksi tanaman tomat, mengetahui pengaruh pemberian dosis pupuk hayati terhadap pertumbuhan dan produksi tanaman tomat, dan untuk mengetahui interaksi jenis pupuk organik yaitu pupuk kandang sapi, kandang ayam dan pupuk kompos jerami dengan pemberian dosis pupuk hayati pada pertumbuhan dan produksi tanaman tomat.Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa produksi tomat, jumlah buah, jumlah bunga, dan tinggi tanaman tertinggi terdapat pada perlakuan pupuk kompos jerami dengan produksi 6,8 kg per petak, jumlah buah sebesar 130 buah per petak, jumlah bunga 61 per tanaman, dan tinggi 90,61 cm.
IDENTIFIKASI BERBASIS MORFOLOGI NEMATODA PURU AKAR (Meloidogyne spp.) PADA PERTANAMAN JAMBU BIJI KRISTAL DI PROVINSI LAMPUNG
Authors: Syahid Amirul , Swibawa I G , Solikhin Solikhin , Fitriana Yuyun
Published: March 2021

Jambu biji Kristal saat ini populer di Lampung di antara buah-buahan tropika lainnya. Salah OPT penting yang menyerang jambu biji ini yaitu nematoda puru akar (NPA). Penelitian yang bertujuan untuk mempelajari spesies nematoda puru akar yang berasosiasi dengan tanaman jambu biji kristal di Lampung dilakukan pada bulan Januari-April 2019. Pengambilan sampel nematoda dilakukan pada lahan pertanaman jambu biji kristal di PT GGF, PT GGP, dan di desa Sinar Betung Kecamatan Talang Padang Kabupaten Tanggamus. Sebanyak 40 sampel akar jambu diambil dari ketiga perkebunan tersebut dan dilakukan penghitungan nematoda betina dewasa di Laboratorium Ilmu Hama Tumbuhan Universitas Lampung. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan jumlah puru yang tinggi ditemukan pada pertanaman GGF 2 yaitu 88 puru/g akar, dan rendah di PT GGP yaitu 27,6 puru/g akar.  Jumlah juvenil tinggi yaitu 351 indiv/g akar ditemukan pada Blok pertanaman 41 D2, dan rendah yaitu 10 indiv/g akar di blok pertanaman 2 J1, PT GGP Lampung Tengah. Ditemukan dua spesies nematoda puru akar, yaitu Meloidogyne incognita dan Meloidogyne Javanica, dengan komposisi masing-masing 97,3% dan 3,33%.
Profiles of Instructor Responses to Emergency Distance Learning
Authors: Rutherford Teomara , Karamarkovich Sarah , Xu Di , Tate Tamara , Sato Brian , Baker Rachel , Warschauer Mark
Published: March 2021

To understand instruction during the spring 2020 transition to emergency distance learning (EDL), we surveyed a sample of instructors teaching undergraduate EDL courses at a large university in the southwest. We asked them how frequently they used and how confident they were in their ability to implement each of nine promising practices, both for their spring 2020 EDL course and a time when they previously taught the same course face-to-face (F2F). Using latent class analysis, we examined how behavioral frequencies and confidence clustered to form meaningful groups of instructors, how these groups differed across F2F and EDL contexts, and what predicted membership in EDL groupings. Results suggest that in the EDL context, instructors fell into one of three profiles in terms of how often they used promising practices: Highly Supportive, Instructor Centered, and More Detached. When moving from the F2F to EDL context, instructors tended to shift “down” in terms of their profile—for example, among F2F Highly Supportive instructors, 34% shifted to the EDL Instructor Centered profile and 30% shifted to the EDL More Detached Profile. Instructors who reported lower self-efficacy for EDL practices were also more likely to end up in the EDL More Detached profile. These results can assist universities in understanding instructors' needs in EDL, and what resources, professional development, and institutional practices may best support instructor and student experiences.
A Pandemic of Busywork: Increased Online Coursework Following the Transition to Remote Instruction is Associated with Reduced Academic Achievement
Authors: Motz Benjamin A , Quick Joshua D , Wernert Julie A , Miles Tonya A
Published: March 2021

Under normal circumstances, when students invest more effort in their schoolwork, they generally show evidence of improved academic achievement.  But when universities abruptly transitioned to remote instruction in Spring 2020, instructors assigned rapidly-prepared online learning activities, disrupting the normal relationship between effort and outcomes.  In this study, we examine this relationship using data observed from a large-scale survey of undergraduate students, from logs of student activity in the online learning management system, and from students’ estimated cumulative performance in their courses (n = 4,636).  We find that there was a general increase in the number of assignments that students were expected to complete following the transition to remote instruction, and that students who spent more time and reported more effort carrying out this coursework generally had lower course performance and reported feeling less successful.  We infer that instructors, under pressure to rapidly put their course materials online, modified their courses to include online busywork that did not constitute meaningful learning activities, which had a detrimental effect on student outcomes at scale.  These findings are discussed in contrast with other situations when increased engagement does not necessarily lead to improved learning outcomes, and in comparison with the broader relationship between effort and academic achievement.
Introduction to the Special Issue on the COVID-19 Emergency Transition to Remote Learning
Authors: Jaggars Shanna Smith
Published: March 2021

The COVID-19 pandemic began in December 2019, and within three months had spread across Europe, the United States, and almost every other nation in the world. To help contain the deadly virus, countries across the globe closed the doors of K-12 schools and colleges. Students residing on university campuses were sent home. School administrators and instructors scrambled to devise plans for teaching and supporting their students from their own homes. Depending on their local context, their experience and training, and their students’ desires and needs, some teachers turned to teaching by correspondence, some to asynchronous online learning, some to synchronous remote class sessions, and some to a unique mix of these elements. Administrators, teachers, and students may have expected these emergency distance education practices to be temporary – a few weeks at most – but many were required to continue with remote teaching through the spring of 2021. More than a year after it began, the pandemic may at last be coming under control as vaccines are distributed across the world, and teachers and students are cautiously looking forward to a return to “normal” schooling conditions in the autumn of 2021. However, lessons from this extended period of universal remote learning will influence student instruction and support practices for many years to come, for both online and in-person courses and programs. The articles in this Special Issue provide a rich portrait of the teaching and learning challenges which characterized the initial emergency transition in Spring 2020, and detail the approaches of administrators and teachers as they attempted to overcome those challenges. Along the way, these studies provide lessons in terms of how to better prepare for future public emergencies, as well as how to improve student success more generally, in both online and in-person settings. Throughout the issue, readers will also see a multitude of challenges related to the “digital divide” – or the fact that students have unequal access to reliable high-speed Internet and other academic technologies, due to underlying inequalities in household income and regional infrastructure.
A Psychoanalysis of Female Characters in the Novels Heat and Dust and Inside the Haveli : Function of Mother Archetype in the Characters of the Narrator and Geeta
Authors: Jaiswal Deepali
Published: March 2021

The psychoanalysts enhance our understanding of our consciousness, the self and self-identity. Psychoanalytic theory plays an important role in the comprehension of the fundamental condition of selfhood. The self is not an unified entity in psychoanalytical terms. Human subject emerges as an outcrop of the unconscious desire. After Sigmund Freud, Carl Jung, a swiss psychologist is considered as an eminent contributor to psychoanalysis who theorized the concept of collective unconscious. The purpose of my study is to find out the presence of the collective unconscious and to analyse two female characters, The Narrator , from the novel Heat and Dust and Geeta from Inside the Haveli with the help of Jung's theory of  collective unconscious and mother archetype. In this research paper several theoretical concepts of  Carl Jung are used to analyse the female characters. Jung’s theories are applied during the analysis process such as personal conscious, collective conscious and archetypes. I would use qualitative method for the analysis of the characters of the Narrator and  Geeta. I would use important dialogues and incidents for the data collection for the analysis of the characters. The psychoanalytic study of the Narrator and Geeta shows that they both have collective unconscious. I would study the function of mother archetype in the life of the Narrator and Geeta
Boolean Satisfiability Methods for Modern Computer-Aided Design Problems in Microelectronics
Authors:   Institute for Design Problems in Microelectronics of Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia, Zapletina M.A. , Zhukov D.V. ,   Institute for Design Problems in Microelectronics of Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia, Gavrilov S.V. ,   Institute for Design Problems in Microelectronics of Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
Published: March 2021

Currently, the methods based on a Boolean satisfiability (SAT) problem are one of the efficient approaches to solving the problem of Boolean matching and the equivalence checking of digital circuits. In combination with classic routing algorithms and optimization techniques, the SAT methods demonstrate the results exceeding the classic routing algorithms by the operation speed and the quality of obtained results. In the paper, the analysis of the modern practice of using the SAT methods in the CAD systems for VLSI has been performed. The examples of modern SAT approaches to the problems of the formal equivalence checking of digital circuits descriptions within the technological mapping framework and to the routing problem as a part of the FPGA design flow have been considered. The algorithm of the detailed routing of the FPGA switching blocks using the satisfiability problem has been developed and presented. The results of its work have been demonstrated on the example of the programmable logic block of the domestic made integrated circuit 5400TP094. The block has the island architecture, where the configurable logic blocks and switching blocks form a regularly repeated layout template. The properties of the chosen classic architecture permit to expand the region of presented algorithm to the entire class of island style FPGA. The algorithm has been tested on the project benchmarks ISCAS-85, ISCAS-89 and LGSynth-89. The comparison of the developed SAT-based algorithm with the well-known routing algorithm Pathfinder by criteria of the elapsed time and the achieved portion of routed nets in the switching blocks is presented. It has been determined that the considered Boolean satisfiability methods for the routing problem are capable to prove the circuit unroutability, unlike the algorithm Pathfinder which results can only implicitly indicate it. The paper demonstrates that the application of more efficient SAT solver significantly accelerates work of the suggested detailed routing algorithm.
Study of the Influence of Control System Parameters on the Quality of the Input Current of a Three-Phase Power Factor Corrector
Authors:   Transconverter LLC, Sorokin Dmitry A. , Volskiy Sergey I. ,   Moscow Aviation Institute, Dragoun Jaroslav ,   The University of West Bohemia, Pilsen
Published: March 2021

The paper suggests a control system of a three-phase power factor corrector. The study of the control system operation is carried out and the expressions for calculating the permissible values of error amplifier factors are obtained. The influence of the error amplifier parameters on phase current quality is investigated. The dependence of total harmonic distortion input current on a combination of error amplifier parameters is obtained at a given value of power factor. The conditions under which the total harmonic distortion input current has the minimum value are found out. This article is of interest to power electronics engineers, who are aimed at developing a three-phase power factor corrector.
Modified methodology of computation of admissible continuous currents of plain conductors of overhead transmission lines and catenaries
Authors:   Rostov State Transport University, FIGURNOV Evgeniy P. , ZHARKOV Yury I. ,   Rostov State Transport University, KHARCHEVNIKOV Valeriy I. ,   Rostov State Transport University
Published: March 2021

Methodology provided summarizes published, original and foreign theoretic and experimental data on the subject of heating and cooling of standard and shaped conductors of overhead power transmission line and uses those of them which are most affected to fundamental heat-transfer laws. Computation surface area of standard and shaped wire formulas are given. The common formula of convection heat transfer coefficient is provided, based on wind speed and direction, concerning antiicing mode. Parameters of this formula do not coincide with those existing, as they are based on experimental data on standard and shaped conductors but not on round tubes. Formula of computation of heat transfer power under the influence of solar radiation is given. Summarized formula of admissible continuous current computation is given, all the components have detailed description in the article.
Driving Forces and Lines of the Evolution of Rotating Electrical Machines. Part 2
Authors:   Drive Constructor, Norway — Director, Matveev Alexey V.
Published: March 2021

The advent and development o/ such class o/ technical systems as electrical machines is only one element o/ those composing the technical progress, which, in turn, is one o/ elements composing the human civilization. Technical progress can be imaged as an entanglement o/ many «streams», each containing the development, putting in use, operation, and disappearance o/ a technical system. Technical progress is advanced through practical implementation o/ a multitude and variety o/ improvements. Any technical system is developed through embodying various ideas, which results in a change o/ a given system or development o/ a new system. An attempt is made to briefly describe all significant elements in the evolution o/ electrical machines (EMs). The role o/ large inventions and moderate improvements is shown; examples o/ evolution trends, patterns and lines are given; the evolution o/ EMs in the «supersystem-system-subsystem coordinate axes is described, and it is shown how applications determine the requirements /or EMs. Examples o/ the evolution o/ the materials used in EMs are considered. The role o/ individuals, teams, and organizations is discussed. Particular examples o/ evolution lines are given, and the counter/orces and limitations are described.
Kajian Keindahan Lingkungan Taman Kota di Semarang Studi Kasus: Taman Pandanaran, Taman Tirto Agung, Taman Banjir Kanal Barat, Taman Sri Gunting, dan Taman Indonesia Kaya
Authors: Saraswati Ratih Dian , Supriyono -
Published: March 2021

Taman kota merupakan salah satu jenis ruang terbuka publik, yang terletak pada tempat yang strategis diwilayah kota. Fungsi utamanya adalah sebagai fasilitas bagi masyarakat untuk berkumpul, disamping fungsi lainnya, yaitu sebagai paru paru kota. Taman kota yang ada di kota Semarang, tersebar di wilayah kota Semarang, berupa taman kota bersifat aktif maupun pasif. Taman kota aktif, merupakan tempat berkumpulnya masyarakat untuk beraktifitas, berinteraksi dan bersosialisasi. Penelitian terhadap lima taman kota di kota Semarang ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui unsur keindahan dari masing-masing taman kota. Kajian estetika lingkungan ini berdasarkan teori Berlyne dengan metode deskriptif kualitatif. Hasil penelitian berupa perbandingan pengamatan taman kota berdasarkan faktor kompleksitas, keunikan, ketidaksenadaan, dan kejutan.
Diseño y validación de la bater´ía de competencia literaria (BCL)
Authors: Mínguez-López Xavier , Alfonso-Benlliure Vicente
Published: March 2021

Batería de competencia literaria (BCL)
Results of paclitaxel-drug-coated balloons (Pantera Lux) for coronary in-stent restenosis: Italian experience from REGistry of Paclitaxel Eluting Balloon in ISR study
Authors: Galli Stefano , Troiano Sarah , Tespili Maurizio , Ielasi Alfonso , Niccoli Giampaolo , Sommariva Luigi , Amico Francesco , Pasquetto Giampaolo , Ceravolo Roberto , Forlani Daniele , Contarini Marco , Del Maestro Martina , Montorsi Piero
Published: March 2021

Aims

Drug-eluting stent (DES) implantation is an effective treatment of in-stent restenosis (ISR). However, literature data indicate that drug-coated balloons (DCBs) may be a valid alternative, particularly for recurrent ISR. We sought to evaluate clinical results on the long-term efficacy of a new DCB for ISR treatment.

Methods

One hundred and ninety-nine patients were treated with paclitaxel drug-coated balloons (Pantera Lux, Biotronik, Switzerland) in the Italian REGistry of Paclitaxel Eluting Balloon in ISR (REGPEB study). Clinical follow-up was scheduled at 1 and 12 months. A subgroup of patients received adjunctive 5-year follow-up. Primary end point was Major Adverse Cardiac Events (MACE) at 1 year.

Results

A total of 214 ISR coronary lesions were treated (75.4% DES-ISR). Mean time between stent implantation and DCB treatment is 41 months. DCBs were successfully delivered in 99% of the cases; crossover to a DES occurred in 3% of cases. Procedural success rate was 98.5%. Clinical success rate was 98.5%. First-month follow-up compliance was 98% and freedom from MACE was 96.9%. Twelve-month follow-up compliance was 89.3% with a freedom from MACE rate of 87.3% (CI: 81.3–91.5%). Five-year long-term follow-up showed 65.2% of freedom from MACE.

Conclusion

Our study confirms that Pantera Lux treatment is effective and well tolerated in ISR, showing good acute and long/very long-term results in the treatment of complex lesions (DES and late ISR).
Temporal trends in utilization and outcomes of transcatheter aortic valve replacement in different races: an analysis of the national inpatient sample
Authors: Ullah Waqas , Al-Khadra Yasser , Mir Tanveer , Darmoch Fahed , Pacha Homam M. , Sattar Yasar , Ijioma Nketchi , Mohamed Mohamed O. , Kwok Chun S. , Asfour Abedelrahim I. , Kapadia Samir , Rizik David , Zehr Kenton , Mamas Mamas A. , Alraies M. Chadi
Published: March 2021

Aim

We sought to determine the racial and ethnical disparities in the delivery of TAVR and to evaluate the in-hospital outcomes and utilization of TAVR stratified by patient ethnicity.

Method

Using a national inpatient sample database between 2011 and 2015, we identified all adult patients who had TAVR. Races were identified and white race was set as control. Multiple logistic regression analysis was performed for the primary outcome of in-hospital mortality.

Results

Out of 58 174 patients who underwent TAVR, 50 809 (87.3%) were white, 2327 (4.0%) were black, 2311 (4.0%) were Hispanic, 640 (1.1%) Asian, 105 (0.2%) Native American and 1982 (3.4%) of other ethnicities. We found a statistically significant linear uptrend in the utilization of TAVR in patients of all races between the years 2011 and 2015. White, black, Hispanic and Native American patients had a downward linear trend for mortality during the studied years (P ≤ 0.005 for all). Black patients had lower in-hospital mortality [2.8 vs. 3.6%, odds ratio (OR) = 0.62; 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.44, 0.81 P < 0.001] compared with white patients, whereas Hispanic patients and Native Americans had higher in-hospital mortality compared with white patients (4.5% OR 1.26; 95% CI 1.01, 1.56 P = 0.041), (9.5% OR 4.44; 95% CI 2.25, 8.77 P < 0.001), respectively.

Conclusion

Overall, TAVR utilization is associated with lower mortality. There is a rising trend in utilization of TAVR in the black population with a significantly favorable mortality trend compared with the white population.
Oral aspirin or low dose of intravenous lysine acetylsalicylate in ST-elevation myocardial infarction undergoing primary percutaneous coronary intervention
Authors: Ferlini Marco , Leonardi Sergio , Mandurino Mirizzi Alessandro , Montalto Claudio , Crimi Gabriele , Repetto Alessandra , Marinoni Barbara , Somaschini Alberto , Ferrario Maurizio , Klersy Catherine , Oltrona Visconti Luigi
Published: March 2021

Aim

To compare the pharmacodynamic effect of an oral loading dose of ‘noncoated’ ASA 300 mg vs. an intravenous bolus injection of lysine acetylsalicylate 150 mg in patients with STEMI undergoing pPCI.

Methods

This was a prospective single-center, open label, pharmacodynamic study, including nonconsecutive patients presenting at our catheterization laboratory with STEMI undergoing pPCI and not receiving ASA within the previous 7 days. Pharmacodynamic analyses were performed at five time points: baseline, and 1, 2, 4 and 12 h after the loading dose, and measured as ASA reaction units (ARU) by the Verify Now System. An ARU more than 550 was considered as nonresponsiveness to study drugs. The primary end point was the different rate of patients with ARU more than 550 at 2 h after the loading dose of oral vs. intravenous ASA. Secondary end points included the comparison of ARU more than 550 at the other time points and the comparison of continuous ARU at each time point.

Results

The study was planned with a sample size of 68 patients, but it was prematurely stopped due to slow enrollment after the inclusion of 23 patients, 12 randomized to oral ASA and 11 to intravenous lysine acetylsalicylate. At 2 h the rate of patients with ARU more than 550 was numerically but not significantly higher in patients receiving oral ASA as compared with intravenous lysine acetylsalicylate (33 vs. 14.2%; Δ −0.19, 95% confidence interval −0.59–0.21, P = 0.58). The difference over time was NS (P = 0.98), though the prevalence of ARU more than 550 was higher at the other time points. Both routes of administration reduced ARU values over time, though with no overall significant difference between profiles (P overall = 0.48).

Conclusion

In patients with STEMI undergoing pPCI the rate of nonresponsiveness to ASA was not different comparing an oral ‘noncoated’ loading dose of ASA with an intravenous bolus injection of lysine acetylsalicylate. However, as patient enrollment was prematurely terminated, this study is underpowered to draw a definite conclusion.
DISIPLIN PADA ANAK USIA SEKOLAH
Authors: Nurbudi P. Firman
Published: March 2021

Pendidikan merupakan salah satu faktor dalam perkembangan kepribadian peserta didik. Pendidikan bertujuan untuk berkembangnya potensi peserta didik agar menjadi manusia yang beriman dan bertaqwa kepada Tuhan YME, berakhlak mulia, sehat, berilmu, cakap, kreatif, mandiri, dan menjadi warga negara yang demokratis serta bertanggung jawab. Agar tercipta pendidikan yang bertujuan seperti pada UU nomor 20 tahun 2003, diperlukan sikap yang dapat membantu terlaksananya tujuan tersebut. Sikap dasar manusia terutama pada peserta didik tidak terlepas dari unsur karakter yang terdapat pada individu. Unsur dari karakter peserta didik yang perlu dikembangkan adalah sikap disiplin. Sikap disiplin diperlukan sebagai pondasi dalam pembelajaran di sekolah. Pondasi disiplin yang baik diharapkan akan membentuk keserasian sikap dan tindakan peserta didik.
PENINGKATAN KUALITAS LIMBAH DETERJEN DENGAN FITOREMEDIASI MENGGUNAKAN DIVERSITAS HIDROMAKROFITA INDONESIA
Authors: Fajarianingtyas Dyah Ayu , Retnaningdyah Catur , Arisoesilaningsih Endang
Published: March 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan menentukan (1) Efektivitas hidromakrofita polikultur dalam media tanah dibandingkan tanpa tanah pada fitoremediasi, (2) Perubahan pH, suhu, konduktivitas dan kadar deterjen pada variasi proses remediasi tersebut. Hidromakrofita yang digunakan yaitu polikultur (Alternanthera sessilis, Commelina nudiflora, C. brevifolius, Eclipta prostrata, Ipomoea aquatica, Ludwigia alternifolia, L. ascendens dan Marsilea crenata). Penelitian menggunakan RAL dengan lima kali ulangan. Kualitas limbah deterjen yang diamati adalah pH, suhu, konduktivitas dan kadar deterjen. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa hidromakrofita polikultur yang tumbuh dalam media tanah, sedikit lebih efektif menurunkan limbah deterjen (96,05%) dari kadar deterjen awal 22,88 mg/L selama 15 hari dalam fitoremediasi dibandingkan dalam media hidroponik (92,72%). Hidromakrofita polikultur hidup di tanah tergenang limbah deterjen mampu menurunkan nilai konduktivitas dari 2,35 mS/cm menjadi 1,16 mS/cm selama 15 hari. Akan tetapi konduktivitas pada media hidroponik berfluktuasi. Pada fitoremediasi selama tujuh hari, pH meningkat dan suhu berfluktuasi tanpa terpengaruh oleh media tanam atau kehadiran hidromakrofita.
MENUJU PENELITIAN PENDIDIKAN YANG SADAR KONTEKS
Authors: Habibi Habibi
Published: March 2021

Penelitian pendidikan merupakan jantung dari upaya peningkatan kualitas proses pendidikan. Tulisan ini menjelaskan bagaimana karakter yang dimiliki oleh penelitian dalam bidang pendidikan dan perkembangannya yang bersifat integratif untuk dapat benar-benar menyesuaikan diri dengan kompleksitas realita sosial yang menjadi konteks dari proses pendidikan. Juga akan dianalisis bagaimana kondisi penelitian pendidikan di Indonesia yang masih banyak diliputi permasalahan, terutama pada aspek theory oriented.
Dynamics of Corporate Dividend Policy under Hyperinflation and Dollarization: A Quantile Regression Approach
Authors: Mbulawa Strike , Okurut Francis Nathan , Ntsosa Mogale , Sinha Narain
Published: March 2021

Purpose: Zimbabwe experienced hyperinflation (2000-2008) followed by dollarization from 2009 onwards which had implications on dividend policy. In this context, this study isolates the main determinants and examines their behaviour across the distribution of dividend policy. Design/methodology/approach: The study employs quantile regression analysis and a sample of 30 firms listed on the Zimbabwe Stock Exchange (ZSE), covering the period 2000 to 2016. The fixed effects (FE) analysis is applied as a base model. Finding(s): The most robust determinants are ownership structure, earnings per share (EPS) and taxation. In our context, results are more informative, than those based on FE analysis by showing the change in the impact of each explanatory variable across the distribution. EPS has a positive and significant impact on dividend policy throughout the distribution in both sample periods. Its effect increases in magnitude as firms move from low to high quantiles. The other variables are useful in explaining dividend policy at selected points of the distribution. Thus, there is clear heterogeneity in the determinants of dividend policy. Research limitations/implications: The study shows the importance of developing dividend policy by focusing on the position of the firm on the distribution. Dividend policy should be developed in view of the earnings potential of the firm, ownership concentration and perceived changes in fiscal policy. A well-designed policy should have a differentiated approach to influencing corporate dividends. Originality/value: This study enhances our understanding of dividend policy in unique markets. It confirms the applicability of dividend relevance theories. Furthermore, It shows that quantile analysis provides more reliable estimates than those obtained using standard panel data models.
Aspectos neuropsicológicos de universitários com ansiedade social
Authors: Santos Lucas Emmanuel Lopes e , Guzzo Marina de Souza , Cardoso Carlos Alexandre Antunes , Magalhães Fernanda Lemes Batista , Oliveira Cecília Souza
Published: March 2021

O Transtorno de Ansiedade Social (TAS) é definido por um padrão acentuado de alarme, medo e desconforto desencadeado pela exposição a situações nas quais o indivíduo deve interagir, realizar tarefas sob a avaliação de outras pessoas ou engajar-se em atividades sociais. O presente estudo teve como objetivo caracterizar o perfil clínico e neuropsicológico de universitários com sintomas de ansiedade social. Trata-se de uma pesquisa do tipo caso-controle realizada em três etapas: 1) utilizou-se a Escala de Ansiedade Social de Liebowitz (LSAS) como instrumento de rastreio da prevalência dos sintomas na amostra estudada; 2) os participantes responderam a Entrevista Clínica Estruturada para os Transtornos do DSM-5 (SCID-5), a fim de coletar dados que corroborassem os critérios diagnósticos para o TAS; 3) os grupos caso e controle foram avaliados em termos de desempenho cognitivo por meio de uma bateria de testes neuropsicológicos computadorizados. Observou-se que o grupo caso obteve um escore total médio de 72,91 na LSAS, ao passo que o grupo controle obteve uma média de 49,42 pontos na escala. No que se refere ao desempenho cognitivo, foi possível corroborar os achados da literatura científica que apontam para prejuízos decorrentes do Transtorno de Ansiedade Social em funções neuropsicológicas específicas, como a atenção seletiva, habilidades visuoespaciais e de resolução de problemas complexos.
Depressão entre técnicos e auxiliares de enfermagem em uma unidade hospitalar pública
Authors: Palermo Thaís Aparecida de Castro , De Souza Thaynara Melo Burla , Caetano Ana Carolyne da Silva , Silva Aline Teixeira Marques Figueiredo , Dos Santos Carolina Magalhães
Published: March 2021

O trabalho dos técnicos e auxiliares de enfermagem em unidades hospitalares pode resultar em impactos profundos a saúde psíquica destes trabalhadores, pois envolve uma rotina desgastante e cansativa, além de um ambiente instável, agitado e com tarefas intensas. A exposição frequente a estes fatores estressores compromete a saúde, interfere nos níveis de produtividade e pode comprometer a segurança do paciente. Sendo assim, este estudo teve como objetivo identificar os sintomas depressivos entre os técnicos e auxiliares de enfermagem de uma unidade hospitalar pública. Trata-se de um estudo de caráter descritivo, exploratório, com abordagem quantitativa, realizado em um hospital público de referência em um município do interior do Estado do Rio de Janeiro. A amostra foi selecionada por conveniência, sendo incluídos os técnicos e os auxiliares de enfermagem atuantes há pelo menos um ano na unidade onde o estudo foi realizado e excluídos aqueles em que no momento da coleta de dados estavam de férias, licença médica ou maternidade. O instrumento de coleta de dados foi composto por um questionário de caracterização sociodemográfica e ocupacional dos sujeitos, seguido do Inventário de Depressão de Beck. Os dados foram analisados por meio de estatística descritiva utilizando o software SPSS, versão 20.0. Participaram deste estudo 99 profissionais, sendo 57,6% auxiliares de enfermagem e 42,4% técnicos de enfermagem. A maioria do sexo feminino (85,9%), com idade média de 51 anos (DP=8,5 anos), casado (44,4%), com um tempo médio de atuação na enfermagem de 23,7 anos (DP=7,8 anos), trabalhando em plantões de 24 horas semanais (80,9%) e atuando em áreas críticas (59,8%). A sintomatologia depressiva leve e moderada foi identificada em 43,5% dos técnicos e em 38,5% dos auxiliares. Conclui-se que estes profissionais são frequentemente expostos a fatores estressores considerados de risco para as doenças mentais e que a implementação de ações de rastreamento é primordial para a promoção da saúde do trabalhador, para a segurança e para a qualidade da assistência prestada aos pacientes.