bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
La declaración de derechos en los nuevos Estatutos de Autonomía
Authors: Canosa Usera Raúl
Published: July 2018

The incorporation of a Bill of Rights in each new Statute of Autonomy, recently approved, suppouses a radical novelty in Spain. In a way, «federalizes» the Spanish System of Rights, far away from the Unitary States. From now on will co-exist two levels of Bill of Rights: Constitucional and Autonomic. It does not implies specific competences to the Autonomic Communities, but will do require a big effort from all jurists to clear up the many doubts of this new situation; are these true rights?; how can we protect them?
Una visión de la libertad de comunicación desde la perspectiva de las diferencias entre la libertad de expresión, en sentido estricto, y la libertad de información
Authors: García Guerrero José Luis
Published: July 2018

The present Project contains a complete synthesis of the constitutional Spanish jurisprudence. The author considers that the right to freedom and the political rights are grouped around three or four genres. It identifies, between those, the freedom of communication that the constitutional assembly and the constitutional jurisprudence have extended to all sorts of activities. After this assumption, the project is focused on giving a view of the freedom of communication from the point of view of the differences between the freedom of information and the freedom of speech in a strict way. After defending a legal nature which protects all kinds of communications and which can be exercised by all sorts of chaps; it is rejected that the institutional offshoot explains the really different limitations that several messages introduce, wide restrictions regarding commercial speech or pornography and dropped ones regarding politics. The argument which is proposed for its justification is based on the different systematic connections that are originated between the constitutional rules by the different matter and the purpose pursued by the messages, and, when this yardstick is insufficient, it is complemented with the concept of relevance or public interest, the one which is pretended to be refined. The exercise of that freedom by journalists and maximizing the professional diligence reinforce the freedom of communication when it has to be pondered with other rights or constitutional goods. In Spain, the affair Terminello versus Chicago is considered as a worth yardstick to solve conflicts with the public order.
RESEÑA : Magdaleno Alegría, Antonio. Los límites de las libertades de expresión e información en el Estado social y democrático de Derecho. Madrid : Congreso de los Diputados, 2006
Authors: Serrano Maíllo María Isabel
Published: July 2018

Freedom of expresion is, perhaps, the most importan right we have. It is configured as a fundamental and human right, but it isn´t absolut. It has some limits to protect other human rights. But this limitation has to be suitable and proportionate. This is the topic of this paper: freedom of expression and it limits.
RESEÑA: Ovejero Puente, Ana María. Constitución y derecho a la presunción de inocencia,Tirant lo Blanch, Valencia 2006.
Authors: Lorenzo Rodríguez Armas Magdalena
Published: July 2018

This paper tries to offer a synthesis of the remarkable book wrote by the professor A. M.ª. Ovejero about «Constitution and the Right to the Presumption of Innocence» in the context of the Spanish Constitution. The author’s thesis expr esses the need of a new direction of the interpretation of the Spanish Constitutional Court about this right, in order to bring it a full content according to its historic origin and with the European Court of Human Rights jurisprudence.
¿Es posible repetir las votaciones parlamentarias?. ¿Vota el diputado o el grupo parlamentario?: a propósito de la STC 361/2006
Authors: García-Escudero Márquez Piedad
Published: July 2018

The Constitutional Court, through its ruling 361/2006 on an appeal for the protection of constitutional rights (recurso de amparo), tried a case made against a resolution of the Speaker of the Basque Parliament denying the repetition a vote, resulting in the enactment of the 2005 Regional Budget. The ruling raised two questions: the Speaker’s duties in relation to the member’s behaviour when casting their vote in Parliament and the competency to appeal invested on the spokesperson of the parliamentary group to which the plaintiff member belonged. This comment examines the problems involved in parliamentary votes and disagrees, much in the same line as the Constitutional Court’s minority view, with the reasoning of the ruling, insofar as it establishes the Speaker’s duty to prove the member’s negligence when the validity of a vote is in doubt. The author also disagrees with the parliamentary group’s right to collectively reject an initiative, on the grounds that the Constitution enshrines the vote of the parliamentarians as personal and unbounded. This comment also points out other issues left unmentioned by the ruling, like the inability to appeal to the Bureau of the House against the Speaker’s decisions relating to the conduct of the debates and the problem-prone execution of rulings once the legislature has expired, which makes these judgements merely declaratory.
RESEÑA: Ollero Tassara, Andrés. Bioderecho. Entre la vida y la muerte, Madrid: Thomson-Aranzadi, 2006.
Authors: Sánchez González Santiago
Published: July 2018

The author approaches topics of great constitutional relevance raised by the bioethic, from absortion to the experiments with human embryos.
La función de la lealtad en el Estado Autonómico
Authors: Álvarez Álvarez Leonardo
Published: July 2018

II Premio TRC
Manuel García Pelayo : una visión hegeliana del Estado
Authors: López Pina Antonio
Published: July 2018

Los trabajos teóricos y la concepción del cargo público de garcía Pelayoestán permeados por su concepción hegeliana del Estado. Especial papel como receptory mediador del pensamiento alemán.García-Pelayo’s Heoretical works and concepts of public office are imbuedwith this Hegelian concept of the State. Special role in the reception and meditationof german intellectual and legal thought.
¿Sería constitucional el referéndum vasco?
Authors: Bar Cendón Antonio , Carreras Serra Francesc de , Carrillo López Marc , Fossas Espadaller Enric , Montilla Martos José Antonio , Torres Muro Ignacio
Published: July 2018

Se aborda en esta encuesta el proceso e implicaciones de la aprobación por el Parlamento Vasco, en junio de 2007, de la Ley 9/2008, de convocatoria y regulación de una consulta popular al objeto de recabar la opinión ciudadana en la Comunidad Autónoma del País Vasco sobre la apertura de un proceso de negociación para alcanzarla paz y la normalización política.This paper analyses the process and implications of the Law 9/2008, approved by the basque parliament in june of 2007, about summons and regulation of a popular consultation in order to obtain the public opinion in the Autonomous Community of the Baeque Country about the decision of openning a negotiation process to reach the peace and the political normalization.
Asuntos exteriores, derecho internacional y el nuevo federalismo: lecciones derivadas de la coordinación
Authors: Adieh Robert B.
Published: July 2018

Incluso después de la partida de dos de sus más prominentes defensores —los Jueces William Rehnquist y Sandra Day O’Connor— la revolución del federalismo iniciada por el Tribunal Supremo casi hace veinte años continúa avanzando y puede haber alcanzado una nueva cabeza de playa en el campo de los asuntos exteriores y el derecho internacional. El federalismo emergente en este campo adopta, sin embargo, una forma distinta, con claras implicaciones para la relación entre los intereses y las instituciones subnacionales, nacionales e internacionales. Este artículo se sirve del prisma de la «coordinación», así como del análisis de las teorías sobre el establecimiento de estándares, para poner en tela de juicio dos creencias convencionales sobre la relación entre las instituciones subnacionales, nacionales e internacionales: la idea común de que un régimen coherente de asuntos exteriores exige que sea» una voz» la que hable por la nación y la percepción de que existe un conflicto inherente a la interacción de las normas internacionales y los intereses subnacionales. Ambas ideas son erróneas. Es posible lograr la coordinación en el ámbito de los asuntos exteriores aun con voces múltiples. El derecho internacional, por otro lado, puede ofrecer a los Estados federados y a las entidades locales la oportunidad de ser oídos. Una vez que nos damos cuenta de que así es, podemos empezar a desarrollar una explicación más rica de la interacción de las instituciones subnacionales, nacionales e internacionales, a medida que «nuestro federalismo» se proyecta en el extranjero.
El Estatuto de Cataluña ante el Tribunal Constitucional
Authors: Solozábal Echavarría Juan José
Published: July 2018

En el presente artículo, de un lado, se ofrecen argumentos, desde el derecho positivo y la lógica institucional del Estado autonómico, para justificar la legitimidad del control jurisdiccional del Estatuto de Cataluña por parte del Tribunal Constitucional. En la segunda mitad del artículo se pasa revista a los límites interpretativos del Tribunal Constitucional en su actuación, señalando lo que no puede constituir objeto de su pronunciamiento, y se repasan los ámbitos temáticos a los que puede referirse la Sentencia que se espera del Tribunal Constitucional. Por último se hacen algunas consideraciones sobre las consecuencias del fallo en el propio sistema de fuentes del ordenamiento autonómico, como son los efectos derogatorios en las normas ya aprobadas por la Comunidad Autónoma, o la posibilidad de eludir la Sentencia provocándose la reacción sustitutoria por parte de la legislación estatal.
Los vicios de origen de los procesos autonómicos
Authors: Ruiz Miguel Carlos
Published: July 2018

Los más importantes procesos estatutarios en España se hallan aquejados de vicios en su origen consistentes en la violación de las prescripciones constitucionales sobre su elaboración y reforma. El primer proceso autonómico, que dio lugar a todas las Comunidades autónomas creadas al amparo del artículo 151 de la Constitución presenta diversos vicios de origen, bien porque se tramitaron con referendums celebrados inconstitucionalmente, o porque se concedió validez a referendums que no la tenían o porque se omitieron las reglas sobre su tramitación parlamentaria. El segundo proceso autonómico, desencadenado a partir de 2003, por su parte, se articula sobre supuestas «reformas» estatutarias que no son sino derogaciones novativas de los Estatutos anteriores, y sobre referéndums nuevamente convocados en violación de la Constitución y la ley.
Los nuevos estatutos de autonomía en busca de una forma de Estado
Authors: Sánchez Ferriz Remedio
Published: July 2018

El intenso debate doctrinal que se ha desarrollado durante los últimos tres años en España ha causado dudas de carácter doctrinal en la mente de la autora, y una gran inquietud acerca de la carencia de una definición sobre el modelo territorial. Desde un punto de vista teórico está claro que cualquier tipo de innovación crea un precedente sobre el uso de doctrinas bien establecidas, tanto en España como en derecho comparado. Desde un punto de vista práctico, sin embargo las últimas reformas no han sido tan innovadoras como pudiera parecer a primera vista. Así la autora defiende la necesidad de clarificar el modelo y la conveniencia de definir el federalismo de una vez por todas. Si algo han formalizado los cambios han sido en la práctica introducidos previamente. Para continuar en el mismo sentido sería una nueva aplicación de la máxima de Lampedusa continuar cambiando para seguir siempre en la misma situación de indefinición.
La deconstrucción del Estado autonómico
Authors: Garrido Mayol Vicente
Published: July 2018

Durante la VIII Legislatura se han producido una serie de acontecimientos en el ámbito de la configuración territorial del Estado que han alterado lo que se ha conocido como la «paz social autonómica». Las reformas de algunos Estatutos de autonomía debieron estsar precididas, como en 1981 y en 1992, de un pacto entre las principales fuerzas políticas. Singularmente, la reforma del Estatuto de Cataluña plantea el problema de su adecuación a la Constitución. Temas como el blindaje de competencias, las cláusulas sobre inversiones o las previsiones sobre el agua merecen un análisis específico. Si no se remedia por el Tribunal Constitucional, asistiremos a una deconstrucción del Estado autonómico, curiosamente proporcionada por partidos minoritarios y por coyunturales alianzas políticas.
Diseño constitucional e implementación de la Federación canadiense: de Macdonald a Harper
Authors: Seijas Villadangos Esther
Published: July 2018

Este artículo analiza la evolución del federalismo canadiense desde la aprobación de la Ley de América del Norte Británica, en 1867, hasta nuestros días. Para ello ha utilizado como guía distintos tipos de federalismo que se han ido identificando en ese recorrido: el «federalismo dual» que refleja la concepción federal de los padres de la confederación canadiense y que se plasma en el reparto competencial entre la federación y las provincias; «federalismo colonial» que traduce en el ámbito interno de las relaciones centro periferia el modelo del Imperio Británico con sus colonias y que se concreta en un predominio del núcleo federal; «federalismo asimétrico » identifica la recepción constitucional de hechos diferenciales dentro de la federación canadiense; «federalismo renovado», hace referencia al intento que materializó la Ley Constitucional de 1982 de fortalecer la federación reinsertando a Quebec en el proyecto; «federalismo descentralizado » revisa el esfuerzo desde la revisión judicial de buscar un equilibrio entre todos los componentes de la federación; «federalismo ejecutivo y federalismo legislativo», ahonda en la importancia de las relaciones intergubernamentales en el desarrollo del federalismo canadiense como alternativa viable a la rigidez constitucional; «federalismo separatista», se preocupa de cómo se ha tratado la cuestión quebequesa en la última década; «federalismo flexible» analiza la versión federal del actual Primer Ministro de Canadá, Stephen Harper
La estructura territorial del poder en la Constitución española
Authors: Gómez Corona Esperanza
Published: July 2018

En este trabajo se ofrece una muestra de la bibliografía dedicada a la distribución territorial del poder publicada en España desde la aprobación de la Constitución. a selección pretende ser representativa, tanto en lo que respecta a la pluralidad de enfoques, como al momento de su aparición. En cuanto a las perspectivas de análisis, se ha optado por primar sobre todo los estudios realizados desde la óptica del Derecho Público. En lo que respecta al momento de publicación, se ofrece una muestra amplia que incluye trabajos que reflejan el estado de la cuestión en diversos momentos.
RESEÑA de: VV.AA. La reforma del Estado autonómico español y del Estado federal alemán
Authors: Diego Arias Juan Luis de
Published: July 2018

En este libro se recogen las once ponencias desarrolladas en las jornadas, que bajo el título de «La reforma del Estado Autonómico español y del Estado Federal alemán», fueron organizadas conjuntamente por las Cortes de Aragón, la Fundación Manuel Giménez Abad y la Fundación Friedrich Ebert con la colaboración del Centro Europeo de Estudios sobre el Federalismo (EZFF) de Tubinga,. Las jornadas se desarrollaron en Zaragoza en mayo de 2008, y tuvieron por objeto reflexionar sobre la reforma de los Estatutos de Autonomía en España y la reforma federal en Alemania.
RESEÑA de: Tudela Aranda, José. El Estado desconcertado y la necesidad federal
Authors: Riviriego Picón Fernando
Published: July 2018

En este trabajo el autor aborda los últimos procesos de reforma estatutario planteando la necesidad de la idea federal
ENCUESTA: Estado Autonómico
Authors: Blanco Valdés Roberto L. , Canosa Usera Raul , Carreras Serra Francesc de , Cascajo Castro José Luis , García Roca Javier , Parejo Alfonso Luciano
Published: July 2018

A la luz de los últimos procesos de reforma estatutaria se pregunta a diversos pro-fesores de Derecho Constitucional el juico que les merece este proceso, encabezada por la elaboración del nuevo Estatuto de Cataluña. También se plantea si tales reformas mueven a una modificación de la Constitución o si  tal cambio ya se ha producido y ha sido encubierto. En cualquier caso descendiendo al terreno más concreto, se plantea el juicio que les merece la sentencia sobre el Estatuto de Autonomía de Valencia  y se les solicita opinión sobre la esperada sentencia del Estatuto de Cataluña. Las cuestiones evidencian sensibilidades diversas, si  bien parecen unánimes en cuestionar el sentido del nuevo proceso.In the light of the last  processes of statutory reform we asked diverse constitutional law teachers the opinion that they deserves this process, headed by the elaboration of the new catalonian Statute. Also, it is suggested, if such reform moves to a modification of the Constitution or if such a change already has been produced and concealed. In  any case, summing up, we asked the opinion that they deserves the judgement of the Valencia’s Statute and there is requested their opinion about the awaited judgement of the Statute of Catalonia.
El Principio Autonómico en el texto constitucional boliviano de 2008
Authors: Nuñez Rivero Cayetano
Published: July 2018

El texto constitucional boliviano de 2008 proclama el principio descentralizador y autonómico; a tal efecto, establece varios sujetos que pueden ser objeto del mismo, así corresponde a los Departamentos y a las Naciones y Pueblos Originario Campesinos la aplicación del concepto de Autonomía política, mientras que a las Regiones, Provincias y entidades municipales les resulta aplicable el de Autonomía administrativa. La Constitución, a falta de desarrollo legislativo sobre el tema y ausencia de jurisprudencia constitucional, se nos presenta como un proceso abierto, inacabado, de suma complejidad e indeterminado, en virtud de la difícil caracterización de la Autonomía de las comunidades indígenas, a las que resulta aplicable, no sólo la Constitución y leyes de desarrollo, sino también los Tratados y Convenios internacionales sobre el tema, que el propio texto constitucional transforma en norma interna.
RESEÑA de : Caamaño Domínguez, Francisco; Gómez Montoso, Ángel; Medina Guerrero, Manuel y Requejo Pagés, Juan Luis. Jurisdicción y procesos constitucionales. Madrid: McGrawHill, 1997
Authors: Goig Martínez Juan Manuel
Published: July 2018

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Extracto del informe al Anteproyecto de Ley Orgánica de Reforma de la Ley Orgánica 4/2000, de 11 de enero, sobre derechos y libertades de los extranjeros en España y su integración social : Pleno del 26 de julio de 2000 del Consejo General del Poder Judic
Authors: - -
Published: July 2018

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RESEÑA de : Sartori, Giovanni. La sociedad multiétnica : pluralismo, multiculturalismo y extranjeros (Trad. de Ruiz de Azúa, Miguel Ángel). Madrid: Taurus, 2001
Authors: Goig Martínez Juan Manuel
Published: July 2018

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RESEÑA de : Hernández Martín, Valeriano. Independencia del juez y desorganización judicial. Madrid : Cívitas, 1991
Authors: García-Lubén Barthe Paloma
Published: July 2018

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Dancer and actor in the Lithuanian ballet in the end of the 20th century. A case study of Loreta Bartusevičiūtė
Authors: Šabasevičius Helmutas
Published: July 2018

Loreta Bartusevičiūtė (born 1958) is one of the most important Lithuanian ballet soloist of the end of the 20th century. Her artistic career was a new stage of the history of Lithuanian ballet, connected with the development of Lithuanian ballet school, its new artistic and technical quality. The article analyses her work having in mind the connections of her technical qualities and acting skills, showing the unique features in the classical and contemporary ballet performances and analyzing their reasons.
The scenic carrier of Loreta Bartusevičiūtė lasted 22 years; she danced almost all parts in the performances of the ballet repertory of the Lithuanian State Ballet and Opera Theatre. Her roles were based on the tradition of classical ballet and advices of her coaches Nikolai Morozov, Lijana Dišlerė, Tamara Sventickaitė, as well as on her artistic intuition, which enabled to reveal unexpected layers of the role. The most important roles of Bartusevičiūtė in classical ballet productions were Giselle, Coppélia, La Sylphide, Odette and Odile in “Swan Lake”, Aurora in “The Sleeping Beauty”, and Kitri in “Don Quixote”; an important element of the final outline of these roles were technical skills of the dancer. Bartusevičiūtė, creating roles in the repertory of the contemporary choreography, collaborated with choreographers, who helped to show her artistry and sometimes even created certain parts of their performances dedicated to Bartusevičiūtė: these were the cases of “Phaedra” by Jurijus Smoriginas, “Phantasy Carmen” and partly “Medea” by Anželika Cholina and “Eglė Queen of Grass Snakes” by Egidijus Domeika. The artistic individuality of Loreta Bartusevičiūtė, based on unique emotional incarnations and expressive forms of movements, became an essential feature of their choreographic works.
Queer Game Scene: fracturas en el mainstream e incursiones en la escena independiente
Authors: Sentamans Tatiana , Martínez Fabre Mario-Paul
Published: July 2018

La visibilidad y el asentamiento de la comunidad LGTBQI en el espacio de la lúdica digital dista todavía de alcanzar lo conseguido en otros ámbitos de la cultura como el cine, la música o el arte. Sin embargo, desde hace poco más de una década, el mercado oficial del videojuego ha comenzado a incluir en sus productos, personajes, referencias y narrativas queer con una cierta profundidad. Mientras, movimientos surgidos dentro la escena indie como la queer game scene o el movimiento gaymer, y desarrolladorxs independientes como Anna Antrhopy o Mattie Brice, han iniciado también un importante proceso de visibilización y vindicación. Para entender mejor estos cambios, en el texto se revisan clichés, estéticas, narrativas, retóricas, mecánicas, políticas, mercado, público y comunidades, en un recorrido intercalado -aunque cronológico, que va desde la esfera mainstream a la independiente.
Aparecer, existir: Nuevas narrativas sobre la subjetividad
Authors: Sainz-Ezquerra Yera Moreno
Published: July 2018

El presente artículo indaga en las relaciones entre la teoría filosófica y las prácticas artísticas feministas y queer en relación con la producción de la subjetividad desde una perspectiva antiesencialista. Para ello se parte, principalmente, del trabajo de dos autoras, Chantal Mouffe y Judith Butler, y de algunas de sus tesis clave como son la noción de exterior constitutivo o la idea de una “ontología del cuerpo como ontología social”. A partir de estas propuestas teóricas analizaremos diferentes prácticas artísticas que nos ofrecen nuevos modelos contrahegemónicos de sujetos, cuerpos e identidades en torno a los cuales vamos articulando nuestra propia subjetividad. El arte se muestra así como un terreno excepcional para la transformación social en tanto que en él se producen nuevos imaginarios que reconfiguran lo real.
Iluminando el cuarto oscuro: Tendencias discursivas e imaginario queer en la cinematografía española contemporánea.
Authors: Sánchez Soriano Juan José
Published: July 2018

Esta investigación pretende realizar una reflexión y análisis crítico del cine como constructor de imaginarios sociales y, concretamente, de cómo se ha construido y evolucionado la representación queer, con visiones alejadas del cine comercial, en la cultura visual española desde el tardofranquismo. El objetivo es, por una parte, tener una perspectiva general de la imagen que el colectivo ha tenido en el panorama audiovisual y, por otra parte, conocer el estado actual en España mediante el análisis fílmico crítico de las películas Los amigos raros (Roberto Pérez Toledo, 2014), El sexo de los ángeles (Xavier Villaverde, 2011) y A escondidas (Mikel Rueda, 2014). La investigación muestra un cambio en los imaginarios sociales actuales en las películas queer españolas a pesar del mantenimiento de estereotipos recurrentes.
Chemicals associated with plastic packaging: Inventory and hazards
Authors: Groh Ksenia J , Backhaus Thomas , Carney-Almroth Bethanie , Geueke Birgit , Inostroza Pedro A , Lennquist Anna , Maffini Maricel , Leslie Heather A , Slunge Daniel , Trasande Leonardo , Warhurst Michael , Muncke Jane
Published: July 2018

Global plastics production has reached 380 million metric tons in 2015, with around 40% used for packaging. Plastic packaging is diverse and made of multiple polymers and numerous additives, along with other components, such as adhesives or coatings. Further, packaging can contain residues from substances used during manufacturing, such as solvents, along with non-intentionally added substances (NIAS), such as impurities, oligomers, or degradation products. To characterize risks from chemicals potentially released during manufacturing, use, disposal, and/or recycling of packaging, comprehensive information on all chemicals involved is needed. Here, we present a database of Chemicals associated with Plastic Packaging (CPPdb), which includes chemicals used during manufacturing and/or present in final packaging articles. The CPPdb lists 906 chemicals likely associated with plastic packaging and 3377 substances that are possibly associated. Of the 906 chemicals likely associated with plastic packaging, 63 rank highest for human health hazards and 68 for environmental hazards according to the harmonized hazard classifications assigned by the European Chemicals Agency within the Classification, Labeling and Packaging (CLP) regulation implementing the United Nations’ Globally Harmonized System (GHS). Further, 7 of the 906 substances are classified in the European Union as persistent, bioaccumulative, and toxic (PBT), or very persistent, very bioaccumulative (vPvB), and 15 as endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDC). Thirty-four of the 906 chemicals are also recognized as EDC or potential EDC in the recent EDC report by the United Nations Environment Programme. The identified hazardous chemicals are used in plastics as monomers, intermediates, solvents, surfactants, plasticizers, stabilizers, biocides, flame retardants, accelerators, and colorants, among other functions. Our work was challenged by a lack of transparency and incompleteness of publicly available information on both the use and toxicity of numerous substances. The most hazardous chemicals identified here should be assessed in detail as potential candidates for substitution.
Fatores sociodemográficos e excesso de peso em crianças participantes de programa governamental de distribuição de leite fortificado
Authors: Escaldelai Fernanda Martins Dias , Augusto Rosangela Aparecida , Souza José Maria Pacheco de
Published: July 2018

Introdução: Estudos anteriores mostraram a efetividade do programa VIVALEITE para o ganho de peso de crianças menores de dois anos. Como o programa é efetivo, é possível que crianças ingressantes com peso próximo ao limite considerado adequado para idade o ultrapassem no decorrer de sua participação. Objetivo: Analisar a associação entre fatores sociodemográficos e excesso de peso em participantes do programa VIVALEITE. Método: Estudo de coorte com dados de 1.039 crianças de famílias de baixa renda do interior do Estado de São Paulo, ingressantes no programa com seis meses de idade e peso próximo ao limite superior de adequação, entre janeiro/2003 e setembro/2008. Investigou-se a proporção de crianças que ficam com excesso de peso durante a participação no programa e associações com as condições sociodemográficas de cada criança (amamentação aos seis meses, sexo, peso ao nascer) e dos respectivos responsáveis (condição conjugal, idade, situação de trabalho, escolaridade). A modelagem foi feita por meio de regressão logística multinível das variáveis socioeconômicas e o conjunto das idades de pesagem. O processamento foi feito com o pacote estatístico Stata 10.1.Resultados: Conforme análise multinível, a categoria sim da variável aleitamento materno aos seis meses (OR=0,29, p=0,000) e a categoria trabalha da variável situação de trabalho materno (OR=0,36, p=0,012) foram associadas significantemente ao excesso de peso das crianças. As demais variáveis não foram associadas estatisticamente a excesso de peso. Conclusão: Não amamentação aos seis meses e ausência de trabalho materno são fatores sociodemográficos positivamente associados ao excesso de peso das crianças participantes do programa.
Characteristics of medication use during lactation
Authors: Hernandes Thaís Albano , Fuginami Alessandra Nikaido , Raimundo Enrique Caetano , Cardoso Cristina Peres , Higa Elza de Fátima Ribeiro , Lazarini Carlos Alberto
Published: July 2018

Introdução: É inquestionável a importância do aleitamento materno. Seus benefícios abrangem o lactente, a nutriz, a família e a sociedade. A Organização Mundial de Saúde preconiza o aleitamento exclusivo até os seis meses de idade, o qual pode ser comprometido por alguns motivos, dentre eles o uso de medicamentos. Objetivo: Caracterizar os medicamentos utilizados por nutrizes, no que se refere a: categorias de risco; locais e responsáveis pela prescrição médica e orientações recebidas. Método: estudo transversal, retrospectivo, quantitativo. Os dados foram coletados na Estratégia de Saúde da Família (ESF) com 161 nutrizes nos anos de 2012 e 2013, por meio de questionário estruturado, contendo informações sobre o uso de medicamentos durante a lactação. Os dados foram apresentados em frequências absolutas e relativas, e comparados às variáveis selecionadas no estudo para verificação da existência de associação, utilizando-se o Teste do Qui-quadrado. Resultados: 55,9% das entrevistadas referiram uso de medicamentos, predominando os que atuam no Sistema hormonal, seguidos dos de uso sistêmico e cardivascular. O clínico geral foi o que mais prescreveu, seguido do ginecologista, na ESF. 64,4% das entrevistadas receberam algum tipo de orientação. A análise estatística demonstrou associação positiva entre categoria de risco e as variáveis especialidade médica (p=0,03) e local de atendimento (p=0,001). Conclusão: A classe de medicamento mais utilizada foi a dos anticoncepcionais. Todo medicamento classificado como contra indicado foi prescrito, na Atenção Primária, pelo clínico geral. Sendo assim, destaca-se a necessidade de profissionais qualificados em toda rede de atenção à saúde.
Descriptions of Perceived Quality of Life of Residents from a Quilombo in North Brazil
Authors: Sousa Luiz Vinicius De Alcantara , Maciel Erika Da Silva , Quaresma Fernando Rodrigues Peixoto , Paiva Laércio Da Silva , Fonseca Fernando Luiz Affonso , Adami Fernando
Published: July 2018

Introdução: Os traços de iniquidade relacionados à cor da pele ainda são observados na população brasileira, deixando evidente os prejuízos na Qualidade de Vida e cuidados da saúde da população negra.Objetivo: Descrever a qualidade de vida dos quilombolas residentes na comunidade Barra do Aroeira no município de Santa Tereza, Tocantins, Brasil.Método: Estudo descritivo de caráter transversal, realizado entre os meses de outubro de 2015 e setembro de 2016 na comunidade quilombola Barra do Aroeira, localizada a 12 quilômetros da área urbana do Município de Santa Teresa e a 96 quilômetros de Palmas, capital do estado de Tocantins. Foi aplicado um instrumento para a avaliação da qualidade de vida das crianças, utilizando o questionário - Autoquestionnaire Qualité de Vie Enfant Imagé (Auqei), o qual possui 26 itens e uma escala composta por quatro fatores: Autonomia, Lazer, Função e Família que abrangem 18 itens, os de números 6, 7, 9, 12, 14, 20, 22 e 26 não estão incluídas nos fatores citados por não pertencerem a um domínio específico, com isso sua análise é de forma isolada. Para avaliação da qualidade de vida em adultos foi utilizado o World Health Organization Quality of Life (WHOQOL-bref) instrumento que possui 26 assertivas, divididas em quatro domínios: físico, psicológico, relações sociais e meio ambiente, mais 2 assertivas gerais de qualidade de vida. A análise descritiva dos dados qualitativos foi realizada por frequência absoluta e frequência relativa. Para as variáveis quantitativas, utilizou-se, média, desvio padrão, mínimo e máximo. O programa utilizado foi o Stata versão 11.0.Resultados: Em relação a qualidade de vida das crianças segundo o sexo, as meninas apresentaram média de 11,0 no fator Função, no fator Família, Lazer e Autonomia, se apresentou com média de 12,3, 8,2 e 4,8, respectivamente. Para os meninos o fator Função teve média de 11,0, o fator Família de 12,0, e os fatores Lazer e Autonomia de 7,6 e 5,6, nessa sequência. Entre os adultos os homens apresentaram menor valor no domínio Físico com média de 13,7, as mulheres tiveram menores médias nos domínios Físico e Meio ambiente, com valores iguais a 13,8. Nos escores gerais o sexo masculino obteve maior valor quando comparado ao sexo feminino, 14,0 e 13,6, respectivamente.Conclusão: O estudo demonstrou que entre as crianças o fator Familiar apresentou maiores valores médios, seguido dos fatores Função, Lazer e Autonomia, respectivamente. Ao estudar os adultos, o domínio com melhor escore foi o de Relações sociais, por outro lado, o domínio Físico apresentou o pior escore para homens e mulheres. Contudo, investigações realizadas referentes à qualidade de vida em quilombolas representam um número ainda baixo, dificultando a compreensão das possibilidades de melhoria da qualidade de vida nessa população.
Pemeriksaan Prokalsitonin pada Penyakit Infeksi
Authors: Nelwan Erni Juwita
Published: July 2018

Penegakkan diagnosis infeksi pada seorang pasien tidak selamanya mudah untuk dilakukan. Upaya ini harus selalu dimulai dari melakukan anamnesis yang terarah, pemeriksaan fisik yang menyeluruh ditambah dengan pemeriksaan laboratorium yang sesuai dengan kecurigaan tempat terjadinya infeksi. Faktor pejamu seperti lokasi infeksi, usia, paparan terhadap patogen tertentu, adanya komorbiditas juga akan memengaruhi gambaran klinis penyakit.
Melanoma
Authors: Guterres Adam N , Herlyn Meenhard , Villanueva Jessie
Published: July 2018

Melanoma is a lethal skin cancer that has steadily risen in incidence over the past five decades. Tumours exhibit high rates of somatic mutation largely attributable to UV mutagenesis. Historically, patients diagnosed with advanced melanoma had a poor prognosis. However, the development of targeted therapies for BRAF
V600
‐mutant melanoma and immunotherapies that block immune checkpoints has substantially improved patient outcomes. Although MAPK pathway inhibitors and immunotherapies have transformed melanoma treatment, substantial challenges persist. These include overcoming resistance to targeted agents, developing targeted therapies for genetic subtypes beyond BRAF
V600
‐mutant melanoma and enhancing response rates to immunotherapy.

Key Concepts

Cutaneous melanoma (CM) is a lethal form of skin cancer that originates from pigment‐producing melanocytes.

UV exposure is the primary environmental risk factor for sporadic melanoma development, driving extremely high rates of somatic mutation.

Germ‐line variants that increase melanoma susceptibility typically modulate pigmentation and density.

The predominant genetic subtypes of CM (BRAF
mut
, NRAS
mut
and NF1
mut
) share a common dependence on deregulated MAPK pathway signalling.

Other signalling pathways frequently deregulated include PI3K/AKT, CDKN2A and p53.

TERT
promoter mutations are present in most melanomas, enabling telomerase reactivation, deregulating telomere maintenance and promoting immortalisation.

Targeted therapies that inhibit MAPK signalling can elicit profound tumour regression in patients with advanced BRAF
V600
‐mutant melanoma; however, resistance typically develops and patients relapse within 1–2 years.

Immune checkpoint blockade elicits long‐term responses in a small subset of patients.

Combinations of targeted agents and immunotherapies are being evaluated to provoke more durable responses.
National Genomic Databases: Documenting Populations' Genography
Authors: Patrinos George P
Published: July 2018

National Genomic Databases are online repositories documenting the innate genetic heterogeneity of human population and ethnic groups. These include the incidence of genetic diseases among populations, their genomic variations spectrum in qualitative and quantitative terms, for example variant type, along with information as far as the causality of the said variant is concerned, and the respective allelic frequencies. These resources, although serve a very well‐defined niche of human genome informatics, have enjoyed an exponential growth in the post‐genomic era, and together with locus‐specific and general databases nowadays constitute an integral part of human genome informatics.

Key Concepts

In recent years, human genomics research has progressed at a very rapid pace, resulting in very high amounts of data production in many laboratories.

It is imperative to efficiently integrate all of this information in structured repositories to establish a detailed understanding of how variants in the human genome sequence affect human health.

National Genomic Databases are online repositories documenting the observed genetic heterogeneity of human population and ethnic groups.

The first National Genomic Databases that appeared online were the National Genetic (or Disease Mutation) Databases and the National Mutation Frequency Databases.

FINDbase is a comprehensive data repository that records the prevalence of clinically relevant genomic variants in various populations worldwide, such as pathogenic variants leading mostly to monogenic disorders, pharmacogenomics biomarkers and summaries of genetic diseases that appear in certain population groups, provided in distinct data modules.

National Genomic Databases can be really useful resources not only for population genomics but also for genomic medicine applications.

Existence of an ‘off‐the‐shelf’ web application for National Genomic Database development and curation allows interested users, with minimal or even no (bio)informatics background, either to start a new National Genomic Database or continue curation of an existing one.

Although there have been significant advancements in the field of National Genomic Databases, there are still limitations that hold back the fields that need to be overcome, being mostly the lack of adequate incentives for data sharing and funding.
A Deformable and Highly Robust Ethyl Cellulose Transparent Conductor with a Scalable Silver Nanowires Bundle Micromesh
Authors: Xiong Jiaqing , Li Shaohui , Ye Yiyang , Wang Jiangxin , Qian Kai , Cui Peng , Gao Dace , Lin Meng‐Fang , Chen Tupei , Lee Pooi See
Published: July 2018

Huge challenges remain regarding the facile fabrication of neat metallic nanowires mesh for high‐quality transparent conductors (TCs). Here, a scalable metallic nanowires bundle micromesh is achieved readily by a spray‐assisted self‐assembly process, resulting in a conducting mesh with controllable ring size (4–45 µm) that can be easily realized on optional polymer substrates, rendering it transferable to various deformable and transparent substrates. The resultant conductors with the embedded nanowires bundle micromesh deliver superior and customizable optoelectronic performances, and can sustain various mechanical deformations, environmental exposure, and severe washing, exhibiting feasibility for large‐scale manufacturing. The silver nanowires bundle micromesh with explicit conductive paths is embedded into an ethyl cellulose (EC) transparent substrate to achieve superior optoelectronic properties endowed by a low amount of incorporated nanowires, which leads to reduced extinction cross‐section as verified by optical simulation. A representative EC conductor with a low sheet resistance of 25 Ω □−1, ultrahigh transmittance of 97%, and low haze of 2.6% is attained, with extreme deformability (internal bending radius of 5 µm) and waterproofing properties, opening up new possibilities for low‐cost and scalable TCs to replace indium‐tin oxide (ITO) for future flexible electronics, as demonstrated in a capacitive touch panel in this work.
Focused Ion Beam Direct Fabrication of Subwavelength Nanostructures on Silicon for Multicolor Generation
Authors: Garg Vivek , Mote Rakesh G. , Fu Jing
Published: July 2018

Color filtering via interaction of visible light with nanostructured surfaces offers high resolution printing of structural colors. A novel approach for color filtering in reflection mode via direct fabrication of subwavelength nanostructures on high‐index, low‐loss, and inexpensive silicon (Si) substrate is developed. Nanostructures having a unique geometry of tapered holes are fabricated exploiting the Gaussian nature of a gallium source focused ion beam (FIB). The fabrication process is rapid and single‐step, i.e., without any pre‐ or postprocessing or mask preparation in contrast to previously reported nanostructures for color filtering. These nanostructures are tunable via FIB parameters and a wide color palette is created. Finite‐difference time‐domain (FDTD) calculations reveal that the unique tapered nanohole geometry facilitates enhanced color purity via selective absorption of a narrow band of incident light wavelengths and makes it possible to obtain a wide variety of colors suitable for realistic color printing applications. The proposed approach is demonstrated for color printing applications via fabrication of butterflies and letters on Si.
Microfiber‐Knitted Crossweave Patterns for Multiresolution Physical Kineses Analysis Electronics
Authors: Su Meng , Huang Zhandong , Li Fengyu , Zhang Zeying , Guo Yuzhen , Cai Zheren , Li Yifan , Li Wenbo , Qian Xin , Li Yanan , Zhang Xuesong , Song Yanlin
Published: July 2018

Rapid advances in the design of flexible electronics have broadened the scope of wearable devices from perspiration analysis to cardiac monitoring that contains important clinical cues. To accurately predict the manifestation and progression of various diseases, it calls the ability to access human mobility for accurate analysis of physical kineses. One of the biggest challenges for multiplexing detection is the design of multiresolution sensors and the analysis of various and complex data. The mirofiber‐knitted conductive crossweave patterns are first proposed for fabricating multiresolution flexible electronics and the multifactor quantitative analysis method for monitoring whole‐body physical kineses. Microfiber‐knitted sensors with various crossweave angles have abundant resistive response information corresponding to different ranges of motions. The device and strategy will open up new applications for understanding the movement‐related health status and clinical practice.
A Metamaterial Route to Realize Acoustic Insulation and Anisotropic Electromagnetic Manipulation Simultaneously
Authors: Zhang Cheng , Song Gang Yong , Ma Hui Feng , Yang Jin , Cao Wen Kang , Xie Xian You , Chen Ping , Cheng Qiang , Wu Li Ting , Cui Tie Jun
Published: July 2018

Recently, artificially structured metamaterials (MMs) are proposed to manipulate the wave propagation behaviors in single physical domain. However, the multiphysics manipulation is rarely reported and remains a challenging issue to be investigated. Here, the design of MMs with simultaneous controls of acoustic and electromagnetic (EM) waves is presented. A double‐membrane structure is proposed to meet the need of acoustic‐wave insulation, and patterned anisotropic meta‐atoms on the membrane are employed to generate polarization‐dependent functions of EM waves. The designed structure is validated numerically and experimentally, suggesting a new route for joint modulations of acoustic and EM waves in the engineering.
Palladium‐Catalyzed Domino Heck/Silylation Reaction for the Synthesis of (2‐Oxoindolin‐3‐yl)methylsilanes via Trapping of the σ‐Alkylpalladium Intermediates with Disilanes
Authors: Xiao Genhua , Chen Liang , Zhou Bang , Deng Guobo , Gong Jun , Liang Yun
Published: July 2018

A palladium‐catalyzed domino Heck/silylation reaction of acrylamides with hexamethyldisilane is presented. This transformation, which involves the formation of a σ‐alkylpalladium intermediate, allows direct access to functionalized (2‐oxoindolin‐3‐yl)methylsilanes in good to excellent yields. Furthermore, this strategy could be utilized for the synthesis of (2‐oxoindolin‐3‐yl)methylstannanes from hexamethyldistannane.

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Laparoscopic left hemihepatectomy is suitable as a first step in pure laparoscopic major hepatectomy
Authors: Hasegawa Yasushi , Nitta Hiroyuki , Takahara Takeshi , Katagiri Hirokatsu , Kanno Shoji , Otsuka Koki , Sasaki Akira
Published: July 2018

Aim

As a procedure, major laparoscopic liver resection (LLR) remains in the exploration phase. Previous studies have assessed major LLR en bloc, including hepatectomies of varying complexities; however, the number of segments alone does not convey the complexity of a resection. This study aimed to assess operative outcomes of LLR procedures with more than one sectionectomy, and to identify the best procedure as a first step when learning to carry out major LLR in order to make LLR a safer, more widely used procedure.

Methods

We carried out a retrospective review of the operative outcomes of 120 consecutive patients who underwent pure LLR with more than one sectionectomy. Operative outcomes were compared according to the complexity classification recently published, and the learning curve for each LLR procedure was assessed and compared.

Results

Operative outcomes, including operative time, blood loss, and the comprehensive complication index, were significantly stratified according to complexity. There were significant differences in operative outcomes among the medium complexity procedures. The operative time for left hemihepatectomy was the shortest, and the amount of blood loss was the lowest among the medium complexity LLR. Operative times for left hemihepatectomy shortened significantly with time and experience (r = −0.639), and the slope of the learning curve was steeper than for right hemihepatectomy and right posterior sectionectomy.

Conclusion

Left hemihepatectomy is suitable as a first step in pure laparoscopic major hepatectomy and, given its safety and rapid learning curve for surgeons, it could become the gold standard procedure.
Chiral Crystal Packing Induces Enhancement of Vibrational Circular Dichroism
Authors: Jähnigen Sascha , Scherrer Arne , Vuilleumier Rodolphe , Sebastiani Daniel
Published: July 2018

We demonstrate that molecular vibrations with originally low or zero intensity in a vibrational circular dichroism (VCD) spectrum attain chirality in molecular crystals by coordinated motion of the atoms. Ab initio molecular dynamics simulations of anharmonic solid‐state VCD spectra of l‐alanine crystals reveal how coherent vibrational modes exploit the space group's chirality, leading to non‐local, enhanced VCD features, most significantly in the carbonyl region of the spectrum. The VCD‐enhanced signal is ascribed to a helical arrangement of the oscillators in the crystal layers. No structural irregularities need to be considered to explain the amplification, but a crucial point lies in the polarization of charge, which requires an accurate description of the electronic structure. Delivering a quantitative atomic conception of supramolecular chirality induction, our ab initio scheme is applicable well beyond molecular crystals, for example, to address VCD in proteins and related compounds.