bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Power of a Pony: Youth Literacies, Participatory Culture, and Active Meaning Making
Authors: Literat Ioana
Published: June 2017

This forum reviews a mix of resources (written texts, graphic novels, documentaries, and mixed‐media pieces) to inform pedagogy and related educational practices that foreground representations of youths and their literacy practices within and outside of school.
Serum carcinoembryonic antigen is positively associated with leukocyte count in Korean adults
Authors: Kwon Yu‐Jin , Lee Hye‐Sun , Shim Jae‐Yong , Lee Yong‐Jae
Published: June 2017

Background

Emerging evidence shows that serum carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) levels may modestly be increased in non‐neoplastic conditions such as cardiometabolic diseases, which are increasingly being seen as inflammatory diseases. Leukocyte count is widely evaluated marker of inflammation in clinical practice and a useful predictor of cardiometabolic disease. In this study, we aimed to determine the relationship between serum CEA levels and leukocyte counts in Korean adults.

Methods

This cross‐sectional study included a total of 19 834 individuals enrolled from a health promotion center between November 2006 and July 2010. Multiple linear regression analysis was performed to investigate the association between serum CEA levels and leukocyte counts after adjusting for confounding variables.

Results

According to both stepwise‐method and enter‐method multiple linear regression analyses, serum CEA levels were positively and independently associated with leukocyte counts (P<.001) after adjusting for age, sex, body mass index, systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, total cholesterol, triglyceride, HDL‐cholesterol, cigarette smoking, alcohol ingestion, physical activity, diabetes mellitus, and anti‐inflammatory drugs.

Conclusions

We demonstrate a positive relationship between serum CEA levels and leukocyte counts in Korean adults. Our results suggested that an elevated serum CEA level may reflect chronic inflammation state.
Morphology of laryngeal cartilage of the nine‐banded armadillo (Dasypus novemcinctus) Linnaeus, 1758
Authors: Fonseca Clarisse Maria Barbosa , da Silva Andrezza Braga Soares , Cavalcante Maria Michele Araújo de Sousa , de Oliveira Ingrid Macedo , Moura Selma Maria Santos , Cunha Bruno Melo , Leite Carla Maria de Carvalho , de Carvalho Maria Acelina Martins , Moura Waldilleny Ribeiro de Araújo , Rizzo Márcia dos Santos , Conde Júnior Airton Mendes
Published: June 2017

Armadillos, Xenarthras representatives, known for adaptability to different ecosystems, own specific morphophysiological characteristics that are not known and deserve to be studied. The aim of this study was to describe the morphology of cartilage of the larynx of the nine‐banded armadillo (Dasypus novemcinctus). Five dead armadillos were donated by the Chico Mendes Institute of Biodiversity (ICMBio‐PI) to the Federal University of Piauí. The animals were fixed and dissected for removal of the larynx. The cartilages were identified and described, photodocumented, and schematized. Fragments with about 0.5 cm of each cartilage were collected and submitted to classical histology for Hematoxylin–Eosin coloring. The slides were assembled in enterlan and analyzed under a light microscope. The larynx of the armadillo (D. novemcinctus) is located in the mentonian region, ventral to the esophagus, and due to the total positioning of the tongue in the oral cavity, there is also a cranial cervical position in this species. The larynx has five cartilages, they are: a cricoid, a thyroid, an epiglottis, and two arytenoids. The corniculate process is present; however, the cuneiform process is absent. The epiglottis has a discrete bifurcation at its apex. In all cartilages epithelial variations are observed. The tissues are varied from squamoso stratified to cylindrical pseudostratified, with propria lamina rich in mucoserosas glands. With the exception of epiglottic cartilage, predominantly elastic, the rest are hyaline. The larynx of D. novemcinctus, although the same number of cartilages, differs morphologically and microscopically from the larynx of other species.
Synthesis and Properties of Isoindoline Nitroxide‐containing Porphyrins
Authors: Liu Fan , Shen Yan‐Chun , Ouyang Yao‐Hua , Yan Guo‐Ping , Chen Si , Liu Hui , Wu Yan‐Guang , Wu Jiang‐Yu
Published: June 2017

Isoindoline nitroxide‐containing porphyrins were synthesized by the reaction of 5‐phenyldipyrromethane and 5‐(4′‐nitrophenyl)‐dipyrromethane with 5‐formyl‐1,1,3,3‐tetramethylisoindolin‐2‐yloxyl using the Lindsey method. These spin‐labeled porphyrins were further characterized by MS, UV, FTIR, 1H‐NMR, cyclic voltammetry, electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR), and fluorescence spectroscopy. The electrochemical assay demonstrated that these isoindoline nitroxides‐containing porphyrins had similar electrochemical and redox properties as 5‐carboxy‐1,1,3,3‐tetramethylisoindolin‐2‐yloxyl. Electron paramagnetic resonance test exhibited these porphyrins possessed the hyperfine splittings and characteristic spectra of isoindoline nitroxides, with typical nitroxide g‐values and nitrogen isotropic hyperfine coupling constants. Fluorescence spectroscopy revealed that these porphyrins indicated fluorescence suppression characteristic of nitroxide–fluorophore systems. Moreover, their reduced isoindoline nitroxide‐containing porphyrins eliminated the fluorescence suppression and displayed strong fluorescence. Thus, these isoindoline nitroxide‐containing porphyrins may be considered as the potential fluorescent and EPR probes.
Effects of dextroamphetamine in subacute traumatic brain injury: A randomized, placebo‐controlled pilot study
Authors: Hart Tessa , Whyte John , Watanabe Thomas , Chervoneva Inna
Published: June 2017

Psychostimulants that affect neurotransmitters implicated in cognitive function and neural plasticity have potential to enhance the rate and extent of recovery after traumatic brain injury (TBI). Ten milligrams dextroamphetamine (DEX) or an identical placebo was administered daily for 3 weeks to 32 participants with moderate to severe TBI, engaged in inpatient rehabilitation, at a mean of 2 months post injury. A variety of outcome measures assessing cognitive function and overall functional status was administered at weekly intervals, to examine effect sizes that may inform a larger trial, and to evaluate safety. Results indicated trivial‐to‐small effect sizes for DEX‐placebo differences, with the largest effects seen on speed of information processing (more improvement with DEX) and agitation (exacerbation with DEX). Examination of adverse events and vital signs suggested safety of DEX, but the pattern of results did not suggest accelerated recovery due to the drug. Future trials of DEX in this population need to consider the impact of floor effects of commonly used measures of cognitive and physical function, and the heterogeneity of TBI. Although the small sample precludes definitive conclusions, these findings are not encouraging with regard to clinical trials of DEX in subacute TBI.
Classification of pedogenic cementation in Podzols by pocket penetrometry
Authors: Hirsch Florian , Raab Thomas , Heller Sebastian , Bauriegel Albrecht
Published: June 2017

According to the German Soil Taxonomy, the formation of cemented horizons in Podzols is restricted to the precipitation of iron oxides. However, in iron‐poor sandy substrates, also illuviation of only organic compounds can form cemented horizons with penetration resistances of up to 14 kg cm−2. We present a reproducible field test for classifying pedogenic cementation in Podzols and suggest considering cemented horizons (Bmh and Bhm) in the upcoming edition of the Guidelines for Soil Mapping.
The effect of space irradiation on the lubricating performance of perfluoropolyether greases in simulated space environment
Authors: Lv Mei , Wang Huiyun , Wang Litao , Kong Fandong , Wang Tingmei , Wang Qihua
Published: June 2017

In this paper, 2 kinds of commercial perfluoropolyether (PFPE) greases were coated on the polyimide (PI) blocks, which were placed within simulated space environment including atomic oxygen (AO), proton (Pr), ultraviolet (UV), and electron (El) irradiations, and then the tribological performance has been investigated with a ball‐on‐disc tribometer. Results indicated that the MoS2‐grease showed better lubrication performance than the PTFE‐grease. The changes in infrared spectroscopy induced by Pr and El irradiations were more obvious than that by AO and UV irradiations. Results of energy dispersive X‐ray spectroscopy indicated that Pr and El irradiations caused carbonation of greases, and AO and UV irradiations induced oxidation of greases. Referred to the tribological properties of PI coated with PFPE oil, PI coated with PFPE greases showed minor changes in friction coefficient and wear rate, and the MoS2 additives could significantly improve the lubrication properties of PFPE greases in simulated space environment.
Clinical effectiveness of the Massachusetts Childhood Obesity Research Demonstration initiative among low‐income children
Authors: Taveras Elsie M. , Perkins Meghan , Anand Shikha , Woo Baidal Jennifer A. , Nelson Candace C. , Kamdar Neil , Kwass Jo‐Ann , Gortmaker Steven L. , Barrett Jessica L. , Davison Kirsten K. , Land Thomas
Published: June 2017

Objective

To examine the extent to which a clinical intervention resulted in reduced BMI z scores among 2‐ to 12‐year‐old children compared to routine practice (treatment as usual [TAU]).

Methods

The Massachusetts Childhood Obesity Research Demonstration (MA‐CORD) project is a multifaceted initiative to prevent childhood obesity among low‐income children. At the federally qualified community health centers (FQHCs) of two communities (Intervention Site #1 and #2), the following were implemented: (1) pediatric weight management training, (2) electronic decision supports for clinicians, (3) on‐site Healthy Weight Clinics, (4) community health worker integration, and (5) healthful clinical environment changes. One FQHC in a demographically matched community served as the TAU site. Using electronic health records, we assessed BMI z scores and used linear mixed models to examine BMI z score change over 2 years in each intervention site compared to a TAU site.

Results

Compared to children in the TAU site (n = 2,286), children in Intervention Site #2 (n = 1,368) had a significant decline in BMI z scores following the start of the intervention (−0.16 units/y; 95% confidence interval: −0.21 to −0.12). No evidence of an effect was found in Intervention Site #1 (n = 111).

Conclusions

The MA‐CORD clinical interventions were associated with modest improvement in BMI z scores in one of two intervention communities compared to a TAU community.
Pharmacokinetics of Monoclonal Antibodies
Authors: Ryman Josiah T. , Meibohm Bernd
Published: June 2017

Monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) have developed in the last two decades into the backbone of pharmacotherapeutic interventions in a variety of indications, with currently more than 40 mAbs approved by the US Food and Drug Administration, and several dozens more in clinical development. This tutorial will review major drug disposition processes relevant for mAbs, and will highlight product‐specific and patient‐specific factors that modulate their pharmacokinetic (PK) behavior and need to be considered for successful clinical therapy.
Powerful recombination centers resulting from reactions of hydrogen with carbon–oxygen defects in n‐type Czochralski‐grown silicon
Authors: Vaqueiro‐Contreras M. , Markevich V. P. , Halsall M. P. , Peaker A. R. , Santos P. , Coutinho J. , Öberg S. , Murin L. I. , Falster R. , Binns J. , Monakhov E. V. , Svensson B. G.
Published: June 2017

It has been acknowledged for over 50 years that treatments with hydrogen can improve silicon semiconductor devices. In recent years, these have been used to an advantage in silicon solar cells reducing the loss of photo‐generated carriers at the silicon surface or at the silicon interface with dielectrics. However, we have found that in some types of silicon the in‐diffusion of hydrogen can result in the formation of powerful recombination centers composed of carbon, oxygen, and hydrogen which reduce the carrier lifetime and ultimately the efficiency of solar cells made from such material.
Efficacy of the endometrial receptivity array for repeated implantation failure in Japan: A retrospective, two‐centers study
Authors: Hashimoto Tomoko , Koizumi Masae , Doshida Masakazu , Toya Mayumi , Sagara Eri , Oka Nao , Nakajo Yukiko , Aono Nobuya , Igarashi Hideki , Kyono Koichi
Published: June 2017

Aim

This study aimed to assess the efficacy of the endometrial receptivity array (ERA) as a diagnostic tool and the impact of personalized embryo transfer (pET) for the treatment of patients with recurrent implantation failure (RIF) in Japan.

Methods

Fifty patients with a history of RIF with frozen‐thawed blastocyst transfers were recruited from July, 2015 to April, 2016. Endometrial sampling for the ERA and histological dating and a pET according to the ERA were performed. The receptive (R) or non‐receptive (NR) status of the endometrium as a result of the first ERA, endometrial dating, and pregnancy rates after the pET were analyzed.

Results

Of the patients with RIF, 12 (24%) were NR. Among them, eight (66.7%) were prereceptive. A clinical follow‐up was possible in 44 patients who underwent the pET. The pregnancy rates were 58.8% per patient and 35.3% per first pET in the R patients and 50.0% per patient and 50.0% per first pET in the NR patients. Discrepancies between the ERA results and histological dating were seen more in the NR patients than in the R patients.

Conclusions

For patients with unexplained RIF, there is a significance in searching for their personal window of implantation (WOI) using the ERA, considering the percentage of those who were NR and the pregnancy rates that resulted from the pET. By transferring euploid embryos in a personal WOI, much better pregnancy rates are expected.
Localization of emergency acoustic sources by micro aerial vehicles
Authors: Basiri Meysam , Schill Felix , U.Lima Pedro , Floreano Dario
Published: June 2017

For micro aerial vehicles (MAVs) involved in search and rescue missions, the ability to locate the source of a distress sound signal is significantly important and allows fast localization of victims and rescuers during nighttime, through foliage and in dust, fog, and smoke. Most emergency sound sources, such as safety whistles and personal alarms, generate a narrowband signal that is difficult to localize by human listeners or with the common localization methods suitable for broadband sounds. In this paper, we present three methods for MAV‐based emergency sound localization system. The first method involves designing a new emergency source for immediate localization by the MAV using a common localization method. The other two novel methods allow localizing the currently available emergency sources, or other narrowband sounds in general, that are difficult to localize due to the periodicity in the sequence of sound samples. The second method exploits the Doppler shift in the sound frequency, caused due to the motion of the MAV and the dynamics of the MAV to assist with the localization. The third method involves active control of the robot's attitude and fusing acoustic and attitude measurements for achieving accurate and robust estimates. We evaluate our methods in real‐world experiments with real flying robots.
“I Practice Teaching”: Transforming Our Professional Identities as Literacy Teachers Through Action Research
Authors: Schutz Kristine M. , Hoffman James V.
Published: June 2017

The authors argue for the importance of practice in the professional lives of literacy teachers. Literacy practices and teaching practices are imbued with intentionality, context (temporal, social, political, and cultural), perspective, and outcomes. The goal of this article is to open a dialogue that could begin to normalize a theory of practice and practitioner research as central to the professional identity of teachers. The authors suggest that this professional identity is not something that can be given to teachers; rather, teachers must claim it through their practice.
Moments of Stillness: Creating Time to Solve Problems of Practice
Authors: Morgan Denise N. , Bates Celeste C.
Published: June 2017

Teaching is a profession that requires ongoing professional development and learning. This ongoing learning can take place in professional learning communities, structured professional development settings, and literacy coaching contexts. This department highlights the ongoing professional development of literacy teachers.
Cover Image, Volume 4, Issue 4
Authors: Levia Delphis F. , Hudson Sean A. , Llorens Pilar , Nanko Kazuki
Published: June 2017

The cover image, by Delphis F. Levia et al, is based on Advanced Review Throughfall drop size distributions: a review and prospectus for future research, DOI: 10.1002/wat2.1225. Photo Credit: K. Nanko.

image
Notes on Counting: An Introduction to Enumerative Combinatorics
Authors: Cameron Peter J.
Published: June 2017

Enumerative combinatorics, in its algebraic and analytic forms, is vital to many areas of mathematics, from model theory to statistical mechanics. This book, which stems from many years' experience of teaching, invites students into the subject and prepares them for more advanced texts. It is suitable as a class text or for individual study. The author provides proofs for many of the theorems to show the range of techniques available, and uses examples to link enumerative combinatorics to other areas of study. The main section of the book introduces the key tools of the subject (generating functions and recurrence relations), which are then used to study the most important combinatorial objects, namely subsets, partitions, and permutations of a set. Later chapters deal with more specialised topics, including permanents, SDRs, group actions and the Redfield–Pólya theory of cycle indices, Möbius inversion, the Tutte polynomial, and species.
Symmetry, Phase Modulation and Nonlinear Waves
Authors: Bridges Thomas J.
Published: June 2017

Nonlinear waves are pervasive in nature, but are often elusive when they are modelled and analysed. This book develops a natural approach to the problem based on phase modulation. It is both an elaboration of the use of phase modulation for the study of nonlinear waves and a compendium of background results in mathematics, such as Hamiltonian systems, symplectic geometry, conservation laws, Noether theory, Lagrangian field theory and analysis, all of which combine to generate the new theory of phase modulation. While the build-up of theory can be intensive, the resulting emergent partial differential equations are relatively simple. A key outcome of the theory is that the coefficients in the emergent modulation equations are universal and easy to calculate. This book gives several examples of the implications in the theory of fluid mechanics and points to a wide range of new applications.
Displacement as Regulation: New Regulatory Technologies and Front-Line Decision-Making in Ontario Works
Authors: Raso Jennifer
Published: June 2017

This paper explores how new regulatory technologies and front-line decision-makers reshape one another. Drawing on a recent qualitative study of caseworker decision-making in the Ontario Works program, it demonstrates the dialectical relationship between new case management software and caseworkers. While new technologies may attempt to deskill and decentre front-line decision-makers, transforming them into data entry clerks, caseworkers learn how to expertly translate and input client data to produce decisions that more closely match their interpretation of clients’ needs and welfare laws. The ways in which workers “manipulate the system” to produce a particular decision, though common knowledge among their colleagues, are black boxed to program managers, auditors, and benefits recipients.
EQUIVARIANT -THEORY OF GRASSMANNIANS
Authors: PECHENIK OLIVER , YONG ALEXANDER
Published: June 2017

We address a unification of the Schubert calculus problems solved by Buch [A Littlewood–Richardson rule for the $K$-theory of Grassmannians, Acta Math. 189 (2002), 37–78] and Knutson and Tao [Puzzles and (equivariant) cohomology of Grassmannians, Duke Math. J.119(2) (2003), 221–260]. That is, we prove a combinatorial rule for the structure coefficients in the torus-equivariant $K$-theory of Grassmannians with respect to the basis of Schubert structure sheaves. This rule is positive in the sense of Anderson et al. [Positivity and Kleiman transversality in equivariant $K$-theory of homogeneous spaces, J. Eur. Math. Soc.13 (2011), 57–84] and in a stronger form. Our work is based on the combinatorics of genomic tableaux and a generalization of Schützenberger’s [Combinatoire et représentation du groupe symétrique, in Actes Table Ronde CNRS, Univ. Louis-Pasteur Strasbourg, Strasbourg, 1976, Lecture Notes in Mathematics, 579 (Springer, Berlin, 1977), 59–113] jeu de taquin. Using our rule, we deduce the two other combinatorial rules for these coefficients. The first is a conjecture of Thomas and Yong [Equivariant Schubert calculus and jeu de taquin, Ann. Inst. Fourier (Grenoble) (2013), to appear]. The second (found in a sequel to this paper) is a puzzle rule, resolving a conjecture of Knutson and Vakil from 2005.
Associations between Practitioner Personality and Client Quit Rates in Smoking Cessation Behavioural Support Interventions
Authors: Gainforth Heather L. , Aujla Sarita Y. , Beard Emma , Croghan Emma , West Robert
Published: June 2017

Introduction:There is wide variation in the success rates of practitioners employed to help smokers to stop, even once a range of potential confounding factors has been taken into account.

Aim:This paper examined whether personality characteristics of practitioners might play a role success rates.

Methods:Data from 1,958 stop-smoking treatment episodes in two stop-smoking services (SSS) involving 19 stop-smoking practitioners were used in the analysis. The outcome measure was clients’ biochemically verified quit status 4 weeks after the target quit date. The five dimensions of personality, as assessed by the Ten-Item Personality Inventory, were included as predictor variables: openness, conscientiousness, agreeableness, extraversion, and neuroticism. A range of client and other practitioner characteristics were used as covariates. A sensitivity analysis was conducted to determine if managers' ratings of practitioner personality were also associated with clients’ quit status.

Results:Multi-level random intercept models indicated that clients of practitioners with a higher extraversion score had greater odds of being abstinent at four weeks (self-assessed: OR = 1.10, 95% CI = 1.01–1.19; manager-assessed: OR = 1.32, 95% CI = 1.21–1.44).

Conclusions:More extraverted stop smoking practitioners appear to have greater success in advising their clients to quit smoking. Findings need to be confirmed in larger practitioner populations, other SSS, and in different smoking cessation contexts. If confirmed, specific training may be needed to assist more introverted stop smoking practitioners.
THE CONGRESS OF VIENNA, 1814–1815: DIPLOMACY, POLITICAL CULTURE, AND SOCIABILITY
Authors: KWAN JONATHAN
Published: June 2017

On 29 November 1814, the Austrian Emperor Francis, the Russian Tsar Alexander, and the Prussian King Frederick Wilhelm, along with 6,000 others, attended a concert in Vienna's Redouten Hall; Beethoven personally conducted three of his works: the Seventh symphony, the bombastic ‘Wellington's victory’, and a newly written cantata entitled ‘The glorious moment’. In this cantata, the figure of ‘Vienna’ sings the following words:Oh heaven, what delight!What spectacle greets my gaze!All that the earth holds in high honourHas assembled within my walls!My heart throbs! My tongue stammers!I am Europe – no longer one city.
Influence of nitric oxide and phosphodiesterases duringin vitromaturation of bovine oocytes on meiotic resumption and embryo production
Authors: Botigelli Ramon Cesar , Schwarz Katia Lancellotti , Zaffalon Fabiane Gilli , Del Collado Maite , Castro Fernanda Cavallari , Fernandes Hugo , Leal Claudia Lima Verde
Published: June 2017

This study aimed to examine the effects of nitric oxide (NO) and different phosphodiesterase (PDE) families on meiosis resumption, nucleotides levels and embryo production. Experiment I, COCs were maturedin vitrowith the NO donorS-nitroso-N-acetylpenicillamine (SNAP) associated or not with the soluble guanylate cyclase (sGC) inhibitor 1H-[1,2,4]oxadiazolo[4,3-a]quinoxalin-1-one (ODQ), meiotic resumption and nucleotides levels were assessed. SNAP delayed germinal vesicle breakdown (GVBD) (53.4 ± 1.2 versus 78.4 ± 2.4% for controls,P< 0.05) and ODQ reversed its effect (73.4 ± 6.3%,P> 0.05). Cyclic GMP levels were higher in SNAP (3.94 ± 0.18,P< 0.05) and ODQ abolished the effect (2.48 ± 0.13 pmol/COC,P< 0.05), while cAMP levels were decreased in both treatments. Experiment II, COCs were cultured with SNAP alone or with PDEs inhibitors. SNAP alone or with PDEs inhibitors delayed GVBD (24.7 ± 2.8 to 56.9 ± 8.7%,P< 0.05) compared with the control (77.1 ± 1.8%), and SNAP and SNAP + cilostamide had lowest rates (34.9 ± 9.2% and 24.7 ± 2.8%). Experiment III, COCs were cultured (24–28 h) with SNAP and SNAP + cilostamide to assess metaphase II (MII) rates and embryo production. SNAP + cilostamide (50.0 ± 2.0%,P< 0.05) had lower MII rates at 24 hin vitromaturation (IVM), but at 28 h all groups were similar (66.6 to 71.4%,P> 0.05). Embryo development did not differ from the control for SNAP and cilostamide groups (38.7 ± 5.8, 37.9 ± 6.2 and 40.5 ± 5.8%,P> 0.05), but SNAP + cilostamide decreased embryo production (25.7 ± 6.9%,P< 0.05). In conclusion, SNAP was confirmed to delay meiosis resumption by the NO/sGC/cGMP pathway, by increasing cGMP, but not cAMP. Inhibiting different PDEs to further increase nucleotides in association with SNAP did not show any additive effects on meiosis resumption, indicating that other pathways are involved. Moreover, SNAP + cilostamide affected the meiosis progression and decreased embryo development.
Results of pulmonary balloon valvuloplasty persist and improve at late follow-up in isolated pulmonary valve stenosis
Authors: Parent John J. , Ross Michael M. , Bendaly Edgard A. , Breinholt John P.
Published: June 2017

Background

Pulmonary balloon valvuloplasty is a safe and effective treatment for children with pulmonary valve stenosis. A few studies evaluate the long-term outcomes of the procedure, particularly the degree of pulmonary regurgitation. We evaluated the outcomes of children >1 year following valvuloplasty for pulmonary valve stenosis.

Methods

A retrospective analysis of children with pulmonary valve stenosis following pulmonary balloon valvuloplasty at a single institution was performed. Clinic summaries, catheterisation data, and echocardiographic data were reviewed. Inclusion criteria were isolated pulmonary valve stenosis, age <19 years at the time of intervention, and at least one echocardiogram performed at least 1 year after valvuloplasty.

Results

A total of 53 patients met inclusion criteria. The median age at valvuloplasty was 0.4 years (0.01–10.6 years). The last follow-up was 4.8±2.3 years following valvuloplasty. The pre-valvuloplasty peak instantaneous gradient by echocardiography was 60.6±14.6 mmHg. The peak gradient at the first postoperative echocardiography was reduced to 25.5±12 mmHg (p<0.001), and further decreased to 14.8±15.8 mmHg (p<0.001) at the most recent follow-up. The degree of regurgitation increased from before valvuloplasty to after valvuloplasty (p<0.001) but did not progress at the most recent follow-up (p=0.17). Only three patients (5.7%) required re-intervention for increasing pulmonary stenosis (two surgical; one repeat balloon). No significant procedural complications occurred.

Conclusions

Pulmonary balloon valvuloplasty remains a safe and effective treatment for children with isolated pulmonary valve stenosis, with excellent long-term outcomes and no mortality. A few patients require further intervention. Long-term follow-up demonstrates decreased, residual stenosis. Patients have a small, acute increase in pulmonary regurgitation following valvuloplasty, but no long-term progression.
Learning written word vocabulary in a second language: Theoretical and practical implications
Authors: WEEKES BRENDAN STUART
Published: June 2017

Short-term memory (STM) is required for second language learning. However, it is not clear what components of STM are necessary for the acquisition and lexicalisation of new written words. Studies suggest that memory for serial order is a critical cognitive process in spoken word acquisition although correlated mechanisms such as executive control also play a role. In this study, bilingual Cantonese–English speakers who are learning written expert words in a non-native language were tested over a one year period in their first year of instruction. Written word lexicalisation was measured using lexical decision and spelling to dictation tasks. Results showed measures of executive control (Stroop performance) and serial order memory capacity predict recognition and recall of written expert words at different stages. Whereas serial order memory predicts improvements to lexical decision accuracy, executive control predicts spelling to dictation performance after one year. The conclusion is that STM processes do constrain written word lexicalisation in a second language. However, executive control and serial order memory capacity have differential effects during word lexicalisation.
Solving distributed constraint optimization problems using logic programming
Authors: LE TIEP , SON TRAN CAO , PONTELLI ENRICO , YEOH WILLIAM
Published: June 2017

This paper explores the use ofAnswer Set Programming (ASP)in solvingDistributed Constraint Optimization Problems (DCOPs). The paper provides the following novel contributions: (1) it shows how one can formulate DCOPs as logic programs; (2) it introduces ASP-DPOP, the first DCOP algorithm that is based on logic programming; (3) it experimentally shows that ASP-DPOP can be up to two orders of magnitude faster than DPOP (its imperative programming counterpart) as well as solve some problems that DPOP fails to solve, due to memory limitations; and (4) it demonstrates the applicability of ASP in a wide array of multi-agent problems currently modeled as DCOPs.
Association between Violent Crime and Psychosis in Men Serving Prison Terms
Authors: Saavedra Javier , López Marcelino , Trigo M. Eva
Published: June 2017

Psychosis has been associated with committing violent crimes. However, it has been reported that the association is mediated by toxin consumption, personality disorders, and positive symptoms. This study will examine the relationship between different psychological disorders and sociodemographic variables, and violent crime perpetration in a sample of 472 men serving prison terms in Andalusia, Spain. A correlation-based, retrospective study was conducted and data were analyzed through logistic regression. The sample is representative of the Andalusian prison population, with a 95% level of confidence and .02% precision. Inmates were sampled and diagnosed by expert clinicians using the SCID-I and the IPDE-II. We computed bivariate correlations between the aforementioned variables and perpetration of violent crimes (murder, homicide, attempted murder, and injury) to later apply logistic regression and find adjusted odds ratios. We confirmed the association between diagnosis of functional psychoses and violent crime, with a significant adjusted odds ratio in the last model (OR = 3.71; p = .010). Other significant variables that acted like risk factors include suicide attempts (OR = 2.04; p = .046), having received care at a mental health facility in the year before imprisonment (OR = 3.83; p = .008), and more strongly than the psychosis diagnosis, low level of education (OR = 10.32; p = .029). Toxin consumption and personality disorders were not significant in the final model.
Coping With Daily Hindrance and Challenge Stressors in the Workplace
Authors: Turgut Sarah , Michel Alexandra , Sonntag Karlheinz
Published: June 2017

Abstract. This study examined daily hindrance and challenge stressors at work (rated after work) for effects on employees’ state negative affect at the beginning of the next workday. Building on the transactional stress model, the authors also examine whether general coping styles impact the relationships. Multilevel analyses show that previous-day hindrance stressors are positively related to next-day state negative affect, whereas previous-day challenge stressors are not significantly related to next-day state negative affect. The study identifies differential effects of problem-focused versus emotion-focused coping styles: High use of emotion-focused coping style increases state negative affect for both challenge and hindrance stressors; a lack of problem-focused coping style strengthens challenge stressors’ positive effect on state negative affect. The results suggest that occupational health can be promoted through specific stress management training and through workplace designs that reduce hindrance stressors.
How Quickly Is Mercury’s Surface Evolving?
Authors: Cook Terri
Published: June 2017

New measurements of impact craters on Mercury’s smooth plains suggest that the topography of the solar system’s innermost planet is changing at twice the rate of landforms on the Moon.
Identifying pathways modulating sleep duration: from genomics to transcriptomics
Authors: Allebrandt Karla V. , Teder-Laving Maris , Cusumano Paola , Frishman Goar , Levandovski Rosa , Ruepp Andreas , Hidalgo Maria P. L. , Costa Rodolfo , Metspalu Andres , Roenneberg Till , De Pittà Cristiano
Published: June 2017

Recognizing that insights into the modulation of sleep duration can emerge by exploring the functional relationships among genes, we used this strategy to explore the genome-wide association results for this trait. We detected two major signalling pathways (ion channels and the ERBB signalling family of tyrosine kinases) that could be replicated across independent GWA studies meta-analyses. To investigate the significance of these pathways for sleep modulation, we performed transcriptome analyses of short sleeping flies’ heads (knockdown for the ABCC9 gene homolog; dSur). We found significant alterations in gene-expression in the short sleeping knockdowns versus controls flies, which correspond to pathways associated with sleep duration in our human studies. Most notably, the expression of Rho and EGFR (members of the ERBB signalling pathway) genes was down- and up-regulated, respectively, consistently with the established role of these genes for sleep consolidation in Drosophila. Using a disease multifactorial interaction network, we showed that many of the genes of the pathways indicated to be relevant for sleep duration had functional evidence of their involvement with sleep regulation, circadian rhythms, insulin secretion, gluconeogenesis and lipogenesis.
Eicosapentaenoic acid and 5-HEPE enhance macrophage-mediated Treg induction in mice
Authors: Onodera Toshiharu , Fukuhara Atsunori , Shin Jihoon , Hayakawa Tomonori , Otsuki Michio , Shimomura Iichiro
Published: June 2017

Eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) is an omega-3 fatty acid with immunomodulatory and anti-inflammatory effects. Beyond its direct effects, the metabolic products of EPA also regulate various immune responses. Animal experiments demonstrated that EPA reduces adipose inflammation in high fat diet-induced obese mouse. However, the effects of EPA on infiltrated immune cell populations in adipose tissue and underlying mechanisms remain to be elucidated. We performed flow cytometry of stromal vascular fraction of epididymal adipose tissues from C57BL/6J and ob/ob mice fed normal chow mixed with or without 5% EPA. The numbers of hematopoietic cells, including Tregs, were higher in both C57BL/6J and ob/ob mice fed EPA diet compared with control diet. EPA enhanced the induction of Tregs in co-cultures of adipose tissue macrophages (ATMs) and naïve T cells. Among EPA metabolites, 5-HEPE was the most potent inducer of Tregs. GPR119 and GPR120 are receptors for 5-HEPE and EPA, respectively, and antagonist of GPR119 blocked Treg induction by EPA in the presence of ATMs. Alox5 gene encodes 5-lipoxygenase enzyme catalyzing EPA into 5-HEPE, and inhibitor of 5-lipoxygenase down-regulated EPA-mediated induction of adipose tissue Tregs in ob/ob mice. The study findings demonstrated that both EPA and 5-HEPE enhance ATM-mediated Treg induction.
Heterogeneous Reaction of SO2 on Manganese Oxides: the Effect of Crystal Structure and Relative Humidity
Authors: Yang Weiwei , Zhang Jianghao , Ma Qingxin , Zhao Yan , Liu Yongchun , He Hong
Published: June 2017

Manganese oxides from anthropogenic sources can promote the formation of sulfate through catalytic oxidation of SO2. In this study, the kinetics of SO2 reactions on MnO2 with different morphologies (α, β, γ and δ) was investigated using flow tube reactor and in situ Diffuse Reflectance Infrared Fourier Transform Spectroscopy (DRIFTS). Under dry conditions, the reactivity towards SO2 uptake was highest on δ-MnO2 but lowest on β-MnO2, with a geometric uptake coefficient (γobs) of (2.42 ± 0.13) ×10–2 and a corrected uptake coefficient (γc) of (1.48 ± 0.21) ×10−6 for the former while γobs of (3.35 ± 0.43) ×10−3 and γc of (7.46 ± 2.97) ×10−7 for the latter. Under wet conditions, the presence of water altered the chemical form of sulfate and was in favor for the heterogeneous oxidation of SO2. The maximum sulfate formation rate was reached at 25% RH and 45% for δ-MnO2 and γ-MnO2, respectively, possibly due to their different crystal structures. The results suggest that morphologies and RH are important factors influencing the heterogeneous reaction of SO2 on mineral aerosols, and that aqueous oxidation process involving transition metals of Mn might be a potential important pathway for SO2 oxidation in the atmosphere.
Lack of evidence for involvement of TonEBP and hyperosmotic stimulus in induction of autophagy in the nucleus pulposus
Authors: Liu Chao , Choi Hyowon , Johnson Zariel I. , Tian Jiwei , Shapiro Irving M. , Risbud Makarand V.
Published: June 2017

Nucleus pulposus (NP) cells reside in a physiologically hyperosmotic environment within the intervertebral disc. TonEBP/NFAT5 is an osmo-sensitive transcription factor that controls expression of genes critical for cell survival under hyperosmotic conditions. A recent report on NP and studies of other cell types have shown that hyperosmolarity triggers autophagy. However, little is known whether such autophagy induction occurs through TonEBP. The goal of this study was to investigate the role of TonEBP in hyperosmolarity-dependent autophagy in NP. Loss-of-function studies showed that autophagy in NP cells was not TonEBP-dependent; hyperosmolarity did not upregulate autophagy as previously reported. NP tissue of haploinsufficient TonEBP mice showed normal pattern of LC3 staining. NP cells did not increase LC3-II or LC3-positive puncta under hyperosmotic conditions. Bafilomycin-A1 treatment and tandem mCherry-EGFP-LC3B reporter transfection demonstrated that the autophagic flux was unaffected by hyperosmolarity. Even under serum-free conditions, NP cells did not induce autophagy with increasing osmolarity. Hyperosmolarity did not change the phosphorylation of ULK1 by mTOR and AMPK. Anex vivodisc organ culture study supported that extracellular hyperosmolarity plays no role in promoting autophagy in the NP. We conclude that hyperosmolarity does not play a role in autophagy induction in NP cells.
Endotoxin tolerance in mast cells, its consequences for IgE-mediated signalling, and the effects of BCL3 deficiency
Authors: Poplutz Magdalena , Levikova Maryna , Lüscher-Firzlaff Juliane , Lesina Marina , Algül Hana , Lüscher Bernhard , Huber Michael
Published: June 2017

Stimulation with lipopolysaccharide (LPS; endotoxin) not only causes rapid production of proinflammatory cytokines, but also induces a state of LPS hypo-responsiveness to a second LPS stimulation (endotoxin tolerance (ET)). Murine bone marrow-derived MCs (BMMCs) and peritoneal MCs (PMCs) developed ET as shown by an abrogated production ofIl6/TnfRNAs and IL-6/TNF-α proteins. In naive BMMCs, LPS stimulation induced a transient decline in the trimethylation of lysine 9 of the core histone H3 (H3K9me3), a suppressive chromatin mark, at theIl6/Tnfpromoters, which correlated with p50(NFκB) and p65(NFκB) binding. Both demethylation and NFκB binding were abrogated in tolerant cells. In addition, cytosolic NFκB activation was suppressed in tolerant BMMCs. Intriguingly, antigen stimulation of naive and tolerant MCs induced comparable production ofIl6/Tnfand IL-6/TNF-α, although ET also affected antigen-triggered activation of NFκB; pharmacological analysis indicated the importance of Ca2+-dependent transcription in this respect. In macrophages, the IκB member BCL3 is induced by LPS and known to be involved in ET, which was not corroborated comparing wild-type andBcl3-deficient BMMCs. Interestingly,Bcl3-deficient PMCs produce markedly increased amounts of IL-6/TNF-α after LPS stimulation. Collectively, ET in MCs is BCL3-independent, however, in PMCs, BCL3 negatively regulates immediate LPS-induced cytokine production and quantitatively affects ET.
A multiscale dataset for understanding complex eco-hydrological processes in a heterogeneous oasis system
Authors: Li Xin , Liu Shaomin , Xiao Qin , Ma Mingguo , Jin Rui , Che Tao , Wang Weizhen , Hu Xiaoli , Xu Ziwei , Wen Jianguang , Wang Liangxu
Published: June 2017

We introduce a multiscale dataset obtained from Heihe Watershed Allied Telemetry Experimental Research (HiWATER) in an oasis-desert area in 2012. Upscaling of eco-hydrological processes on a heterogeneous surface is a grand challenge. Progress in this field is hindered by the poor availability of multiscale observations. HiWATER is an experiment designed to address this challenge through instrumentation on hierarchically nested scales to obtain multiscale and multidisciplinary data. The HiWATER observation system consists of a flux observation matrix of eddy covariance towers, large aperture scintillometers, and automatic meteorological stations; an eco-hydrological sensor network of soil moisture and leaf area index; hyper-resolution airborne remote sensing using LiDAR, imaging spectrometer, multi-angle thermal imager, and L-band microwave radiometer; and synchronical ground measurements of vegetation dynamics, and photosynthesis processes. All observational data were carefully quality controlled throughout sensor calibration, data collection, data processing, and datasets generation. The data are freely available at figshare and the Cold and Arid Regions Science Data Centre. The data should be useful for elucidating multiscale eco-hydrological processes and developing upscaling methods.
Correction: Corrigendum: Image-based siRNA screen to identify kinases regulating Weibel-Palade body size control using electroporation
Authors: Ketteler Robin , Freeman Jamie , Stevenson Nicola , Ferraro Francesco , Bata Nicole , Cutler Dan F , Kriston-Vizi Janos
Published: June 2017

Scientific Data 4:170022 doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/sdata.2017.22 (2017); Published 1 Mar 2017; Updated 27 Jun 2017 The authors regret that Nicola Stevenson was omitted in error from the author list of the original version of this Data Descriptor. This omission has now been corrected in the HTML and PDF versions of this Data Descriptor, as well as the accompanying Corrigendum.
Pitfalls in metal–organic framework crystallography: towards more accurate crystal structures
Authors: Øien-Ødegaard S. , Shearer G. C. , Wragg D. S. , Lillerud K. P.
Published: June 2017

Proper handling of pore-occupying species and crystal twinning in structure determination of porous metal–organic frameworks by single crystal X-ray diffraction.
Oxygen-dependent activation of Cu,Zn-superoxide dismutase-1
Authors: M. Fetherolf Morgan , Boyd Stefanie D. , Winkler Duane D. , Winge Dennis R.
Published: June 2017

Copper zinc superoxide dismutase (Sod1) is a critical enzyme in limiting reactive oxygen species in both the cytosol and the mitochondrial intermembrane space.
Highly transparent poly(glycidyl methacrylate-co-acryloisobutyl POSS) for 100 μm-thick submicron patterns with an aspect ratio over 100
Authors: Kim Kwanghyun , Yu Sunyoung , Kim Sung-Wook , Kim Taegeon , Kim Sang-Min , Kang Se-Young , Han Seung Min , Jang Ji-Hyun
Published: June 2017

This is the first report on the fabrication of defect-free submicron structures with more than 100 μm thickness and an aspect ratio over 100.
Distinguishingd- andl-aspartic and isoaspartic acids in amyloid β peptides with ultrahigh resolution ion mobility spectrometry
Authors: Zheng Xueyun , Deng Liulin , Baker Erin S. , Ibrahim Yehia M. , Petyuk Vladislav A. , Smith Richard D.
Published: June 2017

Ion mobility spectrometry (IMS) was utilized to separate Aβ peptide variants containing isomeric asparic and isoaspartic acid residues with either al- ord-form. The abundance of each variant is of great interest in Alzheimer's disease studies and also to evaluate how often these modifications are occurring in other environmental and biological samples.
Far infrared spectroscopy of hydrogen bonding collective motions in complex molecular systems
Authors: El Khoury Youssef , Hellwig Petra
Published: June 2017

Far infrared spectroscopy as a tool for the study of inter and intramolecular interactions in complex molecular structures.
The first porphyrin–salen based chiral metal–organic framework for asymmetric cyanosilylation of aldehydes
Authors: Li Jiawei , Ren Yanwei , Qi Chaorong , Jiang Huanfeng
Published: June 2017

The first porphyrin–salen based chiral metal–organic framework is constructed, which can efficiently catalyze the asymmetric cyanosilylation of aldehydes.
A bioconjugate leveraging xenoreactive antibodies to alleviate cocaine-induced behavior
Authors: Jacob NIcholas T. , Anraku Kensaku , Kimishima Atsushi , Zhou Bin , Collins Karen C. , Lockner Jonathan W. , Ellis Beverley A. , Janda Kim D.
Published: June 2017

A bioconjugate targeted to prefromed, xenoreactive antibodies also containing a cocaine hapten elicits a potent and specific anti-cocaine response able to significantly attenuate cocaine-induced behavior.
Tuning the oxidation state of manganese oxide nanoparticles on oxygen- and nitrogen-functionalized carbon nanotubes for the electrocatalytic oxygen evolution reaction
Authors: Antoni Hendrik , Xia Wei , Masa Justus , Schuhmann Wolfgang , Muhler Martin
Published: June 2017

The oxidation state of manganese oxide nanoparticles can be more easily changed when using nitrogen-functionalized carbon nanotubes as the support.
Phase and interface determination in computer simulations of liquid mixtures with high partial miscibility
Authors: Sega Marcello , Hantal György
Published: June 2017

Partially miscible solutions can represent a challenge from the computer simulation standpoint, especially if the mutual solubility of the components is so large that their concentrations do not change much from one phase to another. A density-based clustering approach with quasi-linear scaling is shown to provide consistent phase identification.
Coulomb couplings in solubilised light harvesting complex II (LHCII): challenging the ideal dipole approximation from TDDFT calculations
Authors: López-Tarifa P. , Liguori Nicoletta , van den Heuvel Naudin , Croce Roberta , Visscher Lucas
Published: June 2017

We investigate the coulomb coupling interactions of natural chromophores in the solubilised light harvesting complex II (LHCII) using DFT quantum chemistry calculations.
Self-assembly of melem on Au(111) and Ag(111): the origin of two different hydrogen bonding configurations
Authors: Bao Meiling , Wei Xiaoqing , Cai Liangliang , Sun Qiang , Liu Zhengxin , Xu Wei
Published: June 2017

The two different hexamer constructions.