bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Bilateral breast cancer
Authors: Michowitz Moshe , Noy Shlomo , Lazebnik Noam , Aladjem David
Published: February 2007

Between the years 1972 and 1982, 1,880 women were treated for breast cancer at the Tel‐Aviv Medical Center. One thousand two hundred fifteen detailed charts are included in our study. Sixty‐six patients (5.4%) were diagnosed as having bilateral breast cancer. The mean age at first tumor diagnosis was 55.1 years. Bilateral breast cancer appears to be more common in nulligravidas and women who have delivered up to two children. In patients where the first tumor was greater than 4 cm in diameter, there was a higher incidence of a second tumor. A total of 65.2% of all patients who developed a second breast tumor had no axillary lymph node metastasis at the time the first breast tumor was diagnosed. There was no correlation between the histological types of the first and second tumors. The longer the woman survived after the first cancer diagnosis, the greater the likelihood of her developing a second tumor; the longer the interval between the diagnosis of the two cancers, the better the survival rate.
Smooth muscle tumors of the small bowel: A case report and review of the literature
Authors: Sagi A. , Feuchtwanger M. M. , Yanai‐Inbar I. , Walfisch S.
Published: February 2007

We report a rare case of peritonitis caused by perforation of smooth muscle tumor of the jejunum. In spite of having all the reported presenting symptoms of these tumors, the diagnosis was not made preoperatively. Although histopathologically diagnosis was that of a benign tumor, the subsequent course was rapid and malignant. A complete review of the literature is presented.
Univariate and multivariate analyses of 5‐year survival, recurrence, and inguinal node metastases in stage I and II vulvar carcinoma
Authors: Malfetano John H. , Piver M. Steven , Tsukada Yoshiaki , Reese Peter
Published: February 2007

Ninety‐seven patients with FIGO stage I and II vulvar carcinoma were analyzed for 5‐year survival, inguinal node metastases (N=61), and recurrence. Factors analyzed included stage, tumor grade, depth of invasion, presence or absence of tumor cell confluence, presence or absence of lymphatic/vascular space invasion, lesion size, and lymph node metastases. It was concluded that conservative surgery in patients otherwise suitable for surgery should consist of a wide, local excision of the vulvar lesion in conjunction with ipsilateral inguinal node resection if the tumor measured ⩽ 1 cm in diameter and had a depth of invasion of ⩽ 1 mm. All other stage I or II patients require radical vulvectomy and bilateral inguinal lymphadenectomy.
Historical note on bone and soft tissue sarcoma
Authors: Peltier Leonard F.
Published: February 2007

Since antiquity, the large bony and fleshy tumors have been called sarcomas. It was not until after the development of cellular pathology during the middle of the 19th century that sarcomas were separated from carcinomas on the basis of their tissues of origin. This paper traces the growth of these ideas as well as the introduction of effective methods of treatment of the sarcomas.
Pelvic exenteration
Authors: Lindsey William F. , Wood Donald K. , Briele Henry A. , Greager John A. , Walker Michael J. , Bork Jeffrey , Gupta Tapas K. Das
Published: February 2007

Sixty‐eight patients at the University of Illinois, Cook County, and the West Side Veterans Administration hospitals underwent pelvic exenteration for advanced pelvic malignancies during the 15‐year period from 1969 to 1984. Thirty‐two had colorectal cancers, eleven cervical, seven bladder, and six vulvar; in twelve the cancers were in miscellaneous pelvic sites. Forty‐five exenterations were done with intent to cure, and twenty‐three for palliation of patients with bulky, necrotic tumors that had caused symptomatic fistulae, local sepsis, chronic bleeding, or severe localized pain. The total 30‐day postoperative mortality was 4.4% (3/68). The 5‐year survival rate of patients who underwent curative exenteration was 33% (median 27 months). Pelvic exenteration appears to be a feasible surgical procedure for a variety of advanced malignancies as well as for palliation of severely symptomatic patients.
The surgeon and chemotherapy: Twenty five years personal experience
Authors: Burn Ian
Published: February 2007

The realm of cancer chemotherapy is complex and often conflicting. The massive use of cytotoxic agents during the past 25 years has now reached a point where major decisions have to be made. The respective roles of regional techniques, systemic therapy for metastatic disease and adjuvant cytotoxic chemotherapy, all need the most careful re‐appraisal. It is important that surgical opinion continues to be expressed and that surgeons continue to participate in the study and practice of cancer chemotherapy.
The treatment of primary tumors of the femur with chemotherapy (if indicated), resection and reconstruction with an endoprosthesis
Authors: Veth R. P. H. , Nielsen H. K. L. , Oldhoff J. , Koops H. Schraffordt , Postma A. , Kamps W. , Den Heeten G. J. , Hartel R. M. , Van Krieken F. , Göeken L. N. H. , Oosterhuis J. W.
Published: February 2007

The treatment protocol of 15 patients with a primary tumor of the femur, including osteosarcoma, malignant fibrous histiocytoma and chondrosar‐coma is presented. All patients had been selected for resection and reconstruction with an endoprosthesis. An endoprothesis was implanted in 12 patients.

The results of this type of treatment appear to be satisfactory. In eight osteosarcoma cases resection and reconstruction with an endoprosthesis combined with preoperative and postoperative chemotherapy, according to Rosen, were performed. Follow‐up in all 15 patients, varying from 1.4 to 6.0 years, showed no evidence of disease in 12 patients. Three patients had died. Function of the involved leg was satisfactory in most cases.

The advantage and disadvantages of the use of an endoprosthesis are discussed as well as complications in this series of patients.
Fibrosarcoma of the transverse colon
Authors: Bonser R. S. , McMaster P. , Acland P. R. , Parratt J.
Published: February 2007

Colonic fibrosarcoma is extremely rare. This is a report of a patient with fibrosarcoma of the transverse colon, manifesting as an obstructive lesion with local perforation and abscess formation.
Giant cavernous hepatic hemangioma: Treatment by ligation of the hepatic artery
Authors: Peveretos P. , Panoussopoulos D.
Published: February 2007

We present a case of a giant hepatic hemangioma. We found it at laparotomy and we decided on the course of treatment on the operating table. As right lobectomy was not feasible, we performed ligation of the hepatic artery. The patient made an uneventful recovery. A selective hepatic angiography and a liver scan were performed 8 months postoperatively and they both showed regression of the tumor. The tumor was not demonstrable in the right hepatic artery. The patient is in excellent health 2 years after the operation; the liver is smaller in palpation and the tumor itself is nonpalpable. In this case the ligation of the hepatic artery was a successful therapeutic procedure.
Nonfunctioning parathyroid carcinoma: A case history
Authors: Collins F. David , Warren M. Charles , Palmer Fred J. , Rankin Donald R.
Published: February 2007

Parathyroid carcinoma is an uncommon endocrine tumor. Its usual clinical presentation is that of primary hyperparathyroidism with elevated serum calcium and parathormone levels. Nonfunctioning carcinoma of the parathyroid gland with normal serum calcium levels is very rare. There are 12 reported cases in the literature. This paper is a case report of a nonfunctioning parathyroid carcinoma and a review of the literature.
Metastases to the cavernous sinus from primary carcinoma of the larynx
Authors: Zahra Mohammed , Tewfik Hamed H. , McCabe Brian F.
Published: February 2007

Distant metastases from late stages of carcinoma of the vocal cords can occur. Such metastatic deposit can occur in unusual sites. In this report, we are presenting a patient with spread to the cavernous sinus. Radiation therapy was of palliative value.
A matrix for controlled clinical trials for the study of hepatic metastases: Proceedings of a workshop
Authors: Sugarbaker Paul H. , Van De Velde Cornelius J. H. , Veenhof C. H. N.
Published: February 2007

A summary of a workshop held to synthesize the essential elements constituting protocols for the study of new treatments for patients with hepatic metastases is reported. An attempt was made to formulate a consensus on issues of importance in future collaborative research. A staging system was proposed that was thought to be usable by clinicians. The eligibility requirements for surgical resection of hepatic metastases and for the nonsurgical treatment of hepatic metastases is discussed. Criteria for the response to treatment were formulated. The selection of appropriate control groups for new treatment strategies was discussed.
Prognostic factors of esophageal carcinoma: Univariate and multivariate analyses
Authors: Sugimachi Keizo , Matsuura Hiroshi , Kai Hidenobu , Kanematsu Takashi , Inokuchi Kiyoshi , Jingu Kenichi
Published: February 2007

The correlation of 5‐year survival rate with various clinical and histopath‐ological factors was studied using univariate and multiple analyses of 128 patients who had undergone resection for esophageal carcinoma between 1965 and 1978 in the Department of Surgery, Kyushu University Hospital. The depth of penetration, lymph node metastasis, lymphatic or vascular invasion, and INF had a significant correlation with 5‐year survival in the univariate analysis; however, only depth of penetration and lymph node metastasis were prognostic factors with a significant difference, in the multivariate analysis.

In 55 patients in whom the cell nuclear DNA content had been determined, the DNA pattern was the greatest prognostic factor (p < 0.01), in multivariate analyses.

We propose that the DNA distribution in the malignant cells should be examined as a most pertinent prognostic factor.
Muir‐torre syndrome
Authors: Shapiro Charles , Christiansen Neal , Fretzin David , Evans Richard , Ross David
Published: February 2007

The patient with sebaceous skin tumors and visceral malignancies, Muir‐Torre syndrome, is presented. The documentation of tumors in 8 of 13 members in her kindred supports the concept that this syndrome represents a cancer‐disposing phenotype.
Cell surface antigens in squamous cell carcinoma of the oral cavity
Authors: Das S. N. , Khanna N. N. , Khanna Sushila , Gupta S.
Published: February 2007

The ABH isoantigen was investigated in 80 patients with squamous cell carcinoma of the oral cavity and in‐their 46 affected lymph nodes. Isoantigen deletion shows a characteristic pattern of benign to malignant transformation of oral cancer. Total loss of isoantigen was found in anaplastic tumours, in metastatic lymph nodes and in the majority of advanced stage tumours. Total loss of isoantigen in metastatic lymph nodes indicates a frequent discharge of isoantigen‐negative metastatic cells from the primary tumours to the lymph nodes and the regional organs. It seems that with the recent techniques a prospective observation of ABH isoantigen added to other pathological and clinical findings could be of prognostic significance in patients with squamous cell carcinoma of the oral cavity.
Cholesonographic characteristics of cystic duct metastasis causing acute acalculous cholecystitis: Case report
Authors: Andry G. , Turnbull A. D. , Botet J. , Kurtz R. C.
Published: February 2007

A variety of epithelial malignancies are capable of metastasizing to the bile ducts and gall bladder in a fashion distinct from concurrent spread to the liver. Ultrasonography has proved useful in evaluating obstructive jaundice in this setting and, in the case described, accurately diagnosed acute acalculous cholecystitis caused by a solitary metastasis from carcinoma of the breast to the cystic duct. Exploratory laparotomy confirmed the accuracy of this preoperative diagnosis.
Breast cancer and meningioma
Authors: Miller Robert E.
Published: February 2007

A unique association between meningioma and breast cancer has recently been observed. A review of the literature reveals 33 such cases. Certain similarities exist between these two tumors. They each occur more frequently in women in the fifth and sixth decade, and pregnancy accelerates the symptoms of both entities. Furthermore, an increase in estrogen and progesterone receptor protein has been noted in each. A patient with established breast cancer who presents with central nervous system symptoms cannot be assumed to have cerebral metastases. A thorough workup to rule out meningioma is necessary. Furthermore, patients with proven meningioma must be observed closely for the subsequent development of breast cancer.
Efficacy of polyglycolic acid mesh sling in keeping the small bowel in the upper abdomen after abdominal surgery: A 12‐month study in baboons
Authors: Devereux Dennis F. , Feldman Merrill I. , McIntosh Tracy K. , Palter Marc D. , Kavanah Maureen T. , Deckers Peter J. , Williams Lester F.
Published: February 2007

The purpose of this study was to determine if a “sling” made of polyglycolic acid (PGA) would be a reliable method of preventing small bowel descent into the pelvis following abdominal surgery. Baboons were used, as they respond to infection and ambulate similarly to humans. Animals had the small bowel mobilized to the upper abdomen and had the PGA “sling” sewn into place. Documentation of small bowel position was evaluated by upper gastrointestinal series over the 12‐month study. Small bowel descent into the pelvis was prevented by utilization of the PGA “sling.” Animals were sacrificed and autopsied, and sections of small bowel were taken. There was no evidence of mesh, obstruction, sepsis, fistulae, or herniation in animals at autopsy. Small bowel sections were considered normal histologically.

Utilization of PGA sling appears to be a safe and reliable method of preventing small bowel descent into the pelvis after abdominal surgery.
Pneumocystography as an aid in the diagnosis of cystic lesions of the breast
Authors: Sanders Thomas J. , Morris Don M. , Cederbom Gunnar , Gonzalez Enrique
Published: February 2007

Pneumocystography is used in Europe in managing breast cysts. This involves aspiration, air insufflation, and completion mammography. Pneumocystography allows accurate delineation of the cyst wall and contents. Pneumocystograms that do not demonstrate intracystic lesions negate the need for cyst excision in many cases. Microcalcifications may become visible after pneumocystography. Intracystic masses, positive cyst fluid cytology, bloody cyst fluid, cyst recurrence, or evidence of an extrinsic mass compressing the cyst are all indications for operation. Intracystic cancers can and do metastasize. Pneumocystography may be beneficial in detecting these cancers.
The effect of tumor size and axillary lymph node metastasis on estrogen and progesterone receptors in primary breast cancer
Authors: Alghanem A. A. , Hussain S.
Published: February 2007

We evaluated the estrogen receptors (Er) and the progesterone receptors (Pr) in 209 female patients with primary breast cancer. There is statistically a very highly significant negative correlation between the size of the tumor and the Pr (p = 0.007); large tumor contains low Pr. The same correlation was found with Er, but it was not statistically significant (p = 0.40). There is also a negative correlation between the number of axillary metastatic lymph nodes and Er and Pr, but this was not statistically significant.
Metastatic breast carcinoma of the gallbladder
Authors: Beaver Bonnie L. , Denning David A. , Minton John P.
Published: February 2007

Metastasis of breast carcinoma to the gallbladder, not hitherto reported, occurred in a 73–year‐old woman who had acute cholecystitis. After cholecystectomy was performed, pathologic examination of the specimen demonstrated tumor morphologically identical to the breast carcinoma for which the patient had undergone right mastectomy 3 years earlier.
Superficial spreading esophageal cancer controlled by hyperthermo‐chemo‐radiotherapy: A case report
Authors: Matsufuji Hidemasa , Ikejiri Koji , Kai Hidenobu , Sugimachi Keizo , Inokuchi Kiyoshi
Published: February 2007

Hyperthermo‐chemo‐radiotherapy (HCR) was prescribed for a patient with superficially spreading esophageal cancer, since severe lung dysfunction presented too great a surgical risk. Viable cancer cells completely disappeared after HCR and 8 months later, at this writing, the patient is living in good condition. Conservative treatment with HCR for patients with esophageal cancer is effective for carefully selected patients.
Determinants of survival after intraarterial infusion of 5‐fluorouracil for liver metastases from colorectal cancer: A multivariate analysis
Authors: Ekberg Henrik , Tranberg Karl‐Göran , Lundstedt Christer , Hanff Gunnar , Ranstam Jonas , Jeppsson Bengt , Bengmark Stig
Published: February 2007

A consecutive series of 73 patients treated with intraarterial infusion of 5‐fluorouracil (5‐FU) for liver metastases from colorectal primary was studied retrospectively using multivariate analysis in order to find determinants of survival. Nontreatment factors had a great impact on variation in survival with liver tumor volume and metastases to lymph glands in the liver hilum as major prognostic determinants. In addition, survival from onset of treatment varied with the interval between the primary operation and the diagnosis of liver metastases. Treatment with intraarterial 5‐FU was more effective when administered at long‐term (3 months every 6 months) than at short‐term (5 days every 6 weeks). Single temporary dearterialization, used as an adjunct to infusion of 5‐FU, had a negative impact on length of survival and was followed by a high frequency of complications. The occurrence of hepatic arterial thrombosis was associated with comparatively good prognosis.
Histiocytoid carcinoma: A variant of breast cancer
Authors: Eisenberg Burton L. , Bacnall James W. , Harding Clarke T.
Published: February 2007

The history of a patient presenting with metachronous bilateral breast cancer displaying histiocytoid features is reviewed. Although regional metastases were noted, this patient has not demonstrated an aggressive systemic disease pattern. In the past, histiocytoid breast cancer has been classified as either a lipid‐rich carcinoma or as a variant of lobular carcinoma. However, histiocytoid carcinoma should be considered a distinct entity. Unlike the lipid‐rich carcinomas, this tumor stained strongly for mucin. Immunoperoxidase staining indicated strong positivity for CEA and negative staining for alpha‐lactabumin. There is suggestive evidence of a relationship between histiocytoid breast carcinoma and breast cancers of apocrine origin. Controversy remains and further evaluation is needed to elucidate the histiogenesis and biological potential of this neoplasm.
Metastatic colonic carcinoma to the testes: Case report and review of the literature
Authors: Jubelirer Steven J.
Published: February 2007

A case of metastatic carcinoma to the testes from the colon is reported and 14 previous case reports reviewed. The range in age of reported patients was 18 to 76, with a median age of 51 years. The clinical presentation in most cases was testicular swelling or hydrocoele. in three cases, The testicular lesion antedated the discovery of a primary colorectal cancer. The majority of patients had other widespread metastases at the time testicular involvement was diagnosed. in older patients who present with a testicular mass or hydrocoele, The differential diagnosis must include metastatic carcinoma.
Malignant retroperitoneal paragangliomas
Authors: Mikhail Raouf A. , Moore James B. , Reed Donald N. , Abbott Roderic R.
Published: February 2007

The authors reviewed the clinical features of 13 cases of malignant retroperitoneal paragangliomas reported in the English literature and report the 14th case. The reported case represents the first such tumor occurring in the familial form of the disease. Good response to combination chemotherapy in the reported case emphasizes the need to study the role of chemotherapy in the management of this neoplasm.
Etoposide (VP‐16) plus cisplatin (DDP): A new active chemotherapeutic combination in patients with stage iii‐iv ovarian adenocarcinoma
Authors: Barlow Joseph J. , Lele Shashikant B.
Published: February 2007

Ten patients with Stage III‐IV ovarian adenocarcinoma were treated with the drug combination etoposide (VP‐16) plus cisplatin (DDP). All patients were in relapse following prior vigorous, uninterrupted treatment with three or more lines of chemotherapy that included (1) courses of weekly 1‐mg/kg single‐agent DDP, (2) DDP 50 mg/m2 in various combinations with or without cytoxan, adriamycin and hexamethylmelamine q 4 weeks and (3) highdose methotrexate‐leucovorin plus cyclophosphamide (MECY) q 4 weeks. The median duration of treatment prior to starting VP‐16‐DDP was 27.5 months (range 6 to 53 months). VP‐16‐DDP was given as a 2‐day regimen repeated every 4 weeks. VP‐16, 100‐150 mg/m2, was given on days 1 and 2, and 50 mg/m2 of DDP on day 1 only. The finding of 50 % partial response and 38 % stabilization of measurable tumor was remarkable in patients so extensively pretreated. The responses were not due to increased DDP dosage, but rather to an apparent synergism between VP‐16 and DDP.
Cystic islet cell tumor of the pancreas
Authors: Michael Stair J. , Schaefer Robert F. , McCowan Timothy C. , Balachandran S.
Published: February 2007

Presented is the fifth case of a cystic islet cell tumor of the pancreas. The diagnosis is usually made postoperatively but should be considered in a patient with “recurrent pseudocyst” or a history incompatible with pseudocyst in combination with a cystic area in the pancreas. Computed tomography is preferred for diagnosis, and resection is the preferred therapy.
Quintuple synchronous colon carcinoma: A report of two cases
Authors: Kalus Rami , Welch John P.
Published: February 2007

Two patients with five synchronous colon cancers are reported. The diagnostic and surgical approach to synchronous colorectal tumors is discussed.
Adjuvant chemotherapy in Ewing's sarcoma
Authors: Advani S. H. , Rao D. N. , Dinshaw K. A. , Nair C. N. , Gopal R. , Vyas J. J. , Desai P. B.
Published: February 2007

Adjuvant chemotherapy using vincristine, cyclophosphamide, and adriamycin was used in 28 patients with localized Ewing's sarcoma. Life‐table analysis revealed 55% disease‐free survival at 3 years. in contrast, our historical control showed less than 10% long‐term survival. Adjuvant chemotherapy appears to control both micrometastasis as well as local residual disease. The present study demonstrates the improved survival with adjuvant chemotherapy including adriamycin, vincristine, and cyclophosphamide, in patients with localized Ewing's sarcoma.
Leiomyosarcoma of the anus treated with sphincter‐preserving surgery and radiation therapy
Authors: Minsky Bruce D. , Rich Tyvin A. , Mies Carolyn
Published: February 2007

The sixth published case of a leiomyosarcoma of the anus is reported and the previous literature reviewed. Treatment with successful preservation of anal sphincter function is described. Local excision of the tumor was followed by external beam radiation therapy and an Iridium‐192 implant. The details and rationale for this mode of therapy for resectable anal tumors are discussed.
Ewing's sarcoma metastatic to focal nodular hyperplasia of liver
Authors: Hagay Z. J. , Zirkin Howard J. , Moses Martha , Khodadadi Jalinus
Published: February 2007

A case is presented of a young woman discovered at thoracotomy to have Ewing's sarcoma of the left lower ribs with soft tissue extension to the diaphragm and thoracic wall. Laparotomy at the same operation showed a nodule of focal nodular hyperplasia of the liver with a focus of metastasis from the sarcoma within the area of hyperplasia. This is the first report of metastasis of any tumor to a hepatic lesion of this sort. Possible reasons for metastasis to this type of lesion are discussed.
Dysplastic nevus syndrome: Association with multiple primary neoplasms
Authors: Dabski Krzysztof , Milgrom Halina , Stoll Howard L.
Published: February 2007

A 65‐year‐old white man with dysplastic nevus syndrome is presented. The patient also developed an extramammary Paget's disease of the scrotum, two malignant melanomas of the skin of the arm and abdomen, two squamous cell carcinomas in the mouth, and several benign tumors such as lentigo maligna, dermatofibroma, and a cavernous hemangioma. Besides the well‐established tendency of patients with the dysplastic nevus syndrome to develop malignant melanomas of the skin, The ir possible propensity to develop other primary malignant neoplasms is discussed.
Dermatomyositis and female malignancy
Authors: Callen Jeffrey P.
Published: February 2007

Six female patients, all with dermatomyositis (DM) and malignancy, have been evaluated and followed over a period of up to 6 years. Five patients had malignancy prior to the diagnosis of DM. Two of these five patients had uterine endometrial adenocarcinoma and another two patients had cervical carcinomas (one each adenocarcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma), and one had adenocarcinoma of the breast. in these five patients there was no evidence of malignancy at the time of diagnosis of DM. One of these five patients had an additional primary malignancy (adenocarcinoma of the breast) which complicated her course. An ovarian adenocarcinoma was present in the sixth patient. The ovarian carcinoma was discovered because of progressive cutaneous disease, and resection and chemotherapy led to a partial control of the DM. The patient with adenocarcinoma of the cervix developed metastases which were discovered when the DM became resistant to therapy. Although DM can parallel the course of a malignant disease, this was not generally the case in this group of patients.
Retroperitoneal malignant fibrous histiocytoma presenting with inferior vena caval obstruction
Authors: Sarma Deba P. , Weilbaecher Thomas G.
Published: February 2007

A 54‐year‐old‐man presented with inferior vena caval obstruction. At autopsy, a retroperitoneal malignant fibrous histiocytoma was noted to have invaded the inferior vena cava. Such a clinical presentation is quite unusual for a retroperitoneal sarcoma.
Prognostic value of preoperative serum cea level compared to clinical staging IV. Histological grading and tumor type in colorectal and gastric cancer
Authors: Bogenschütz O. , Brümmendorf T. , Staab H. J. , Anderer F. A. , Kieninger G.
Published: February 2007

In a clinical investigation of observed postoperative survival, 410 patients with colorectal cancer and 269 patients with stomach cancer have been registered for primary surgical treatment connected with a long‐term follow up. Histologic grading and tumor typing were examined as potential prognostic factors and compared with the prognostic information covered by operability, tumor extension, and the preoperative CEA level. Statistical treatment of the data revealed no prognostic significance of the tumor types adenocarcinoma, mucinous, and anaplastic tumours in gastric cancer. Histologic grading specified ranges associated with significant differences in survival of gastric and colorectal cancer patients. However, histologic grading did not provide prognostic information in addition to operability and tumor extension. However, histologic grading gave additional prognostic information to preoperative CEA levels in the range of 0‐5 μg CEA/1 serum but not in the range > 5 μg CEA/1. The results indicate that the prognostic information of preoperative serum CEA level is not directly linked to the histologic grade of a tumor.
Spontaneous breast infarction associated with pregnancy presenting as a palpable mass
Authors: Jimenez Jorge F. , Ryals Rickey O. , Cohen Cynthia
Published: February 2007

Spontaneous infarction of physiologically hyperplastic breast tissue or of an adenoma‐fibroadenoma presenting as breast mass during pregnancy or in the early postpartum period is a recognized but rare clinical pathologic entity. Only 24 such cases have been reported in the English language literature to our knowledge. We report four additional cases of breast infarction associated with pregnancy, review the literature, and discuss possible etiologies and pathogenesis of this uncommon event.
Spindle cell carcinoma of the breast: Case report and review
Authors: Sheridan Robert , Robbins Sandy , D'Avis Juan C. , Collins George J.
Published: February 2007

Spindle cell carcinoma is a distinct, but unusual, variant of squamous cell carcinoma. It is seen most frequently in the upper aerodigestive tract and esophagus. The natural history seems to be similar to that of the more typical squamous cell carcinoma.

A case of spindle cell carcinoma arising from the ductal epithelium of the breast is reported. The light and electron microscopic histology is described. A review of the literature suggests that this rare neoplasm should be managed in a fashion similar to that for more common types of epithelial breast duct malignancies.
Primary leiomyosarcoma of the right common iliac artery — A rare finding and a cause of occlusive vascular disorder
Authors: Gutman Haim , Haddad Menashe , Zelikovski Avigdor , Mor Celia , Reiss Raphael
Published: February 2007

A case of primary intraluminal leiomyosarcoma of the right common iliac artery that presented itself by intermittent claudication is described. The diagnosis was established only postoperatively, based on examination of the endarterectomy specimen. No other primary tumor was found in the postoperative investigation and the patient received no further treatment. A review of the literature attests to the rarity of the diagnosis and the uncertainty regarding the mode of treatment.
Primary malignant tracheal neoplasms: Case reports and literature radiotherapy review
Authors: Ampil Federico L.
Published: February 2007

In contrast to laryngeal or bronchial carcinomas, primary malignant neoplasm of the trachea is rarely encountered. Case reports are presented to emphasize the difficulty in establishing the diagnosis. Disease clinical manifestations, histopathology, and natural history are described. A literature review summary of radiotherapy results on reported large series of patients is shown.
Radiation‐associated thyrotoxicosis
Authors: Katayama Shigehiro , Shimaoka Katsutaro , Osman Gamal
Published: February 2007

We studied 154 consecutive patients with a diagnosis of thyrotoxicosis seen at Roswell Park Memorial Institute from 1963 to 1982. The retrospective review of the clinical materials revealed that 23 (15%) had a previous history of therapeutic radiation for various diseases. The radiation dose ranged from several to 3600 rads to the thyroid with a mean latency of 14.2 ± 3.0 years. In 11 out of 16 patients who were tested for antithyroglobulin and antimicrosomal showed positive liters of either or both antibodies (69%). In a small number of patients, thyroid stimulating immunoglobulins were studied; long‐acting thyroid stimulators (LATS) were positive in one of six tested and thyrotrophin binding inhibitory immunoglobulins (TBII) in five of eight. The radiation‐associated thyroidal dysfunction appears to be associated with the organ‐specific autoimmune processes and could manifest as either hypo‐ or hyperfunction of the gland.
An unusual presentation of colon cancer
Authors: Morton Blaine A. , Scholes John , Kral John G.
Published: February 2007

A rare case of asymptomatic cancer of the ascending colon presenting as a subcutaneous groin mass is reported. At the time of right hemicolectomy with resection of the groin mass there was no sign of incontinuity spread or lymph blockage. Sequential determination of carcinoembryonic antigen levels (CEA) in serum reflected the reduction in tumor mass after surgery as well as subsequent recurrences of disease in the groin and in the lung after 2 years. Immunoperoxidase staining of the primary tumor and the metastases showed strong positivity for CEA confirming the origin of the serum CEA. There have been no signs of liver involvement. The route of spread of this unusual metastasis is not known.
Primary lymphoma of the central nervous system: A clinicopathologic analysis of 26 cases
Authors: Vakili Saeed T. , Muller Jans , Shidnia Homayoon , Campbell Robert L.
Published: February 2007

We analyzed 26 cases of primary lymphoma of the central nervous system. There were 14 males and 12 females ranging in age from 5‐76 years (median age 51 years, mean age 50.2 years). None had received organ transplantation or immunosuppressive therapy. The most common presenting symptoms were headache, mental changes, nausea, vomiting, and convulsions. The main neurological findings were hemiparesis, papilledema, visual field defects, and cranial nerve palsies. The most common finding in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) was high protein content; CSF cytology was positive in only one case. Computerized tomography was done in 14 cases; all showed a contrast‐enhancing lesion. Angiography generally revealed an avascular mass. The most common location above tentorium was the frontal lobe; in four cases the tumor was infratentorial (cerebellum, 3 cases). In five cases there was diffuse involvement of the brain; all had severe dementia and diagnosis was not made until the autopsy. Histologically, the most common type was diffuse histiocytic or immunoblastic lymphoma according to Rappaport and the Working Formulation classification respectively. Radiation therapy alone in five patients gave a median survival of 17 months. Five patients received radiation and chemotherapy, and median survival was 16 months. Two patients developed ocular lymphoma 8 and 36 months later that was treated by radiation.
Aminocaproic acid (AMICAR) in advanced colorectal carcinoma
Authors: Petrelli Nicholas J. , Markus Cabor , Herrera Lemuel , Corasanti James , Mittelman Arnold
Published: February 2007

We treated 20 patients with measurable histologically confirmed colorectal adenocarcinoma with aminocaproic acid (AMICAR). There were 11 males and 9 females with a median age of 63 years. All 20 patients had received prior chemotherapy. The majority of monitoring lesions were distributed between lung and liver. We evaluated 12 patients in this series for response. Three patients had stable disease and nine patients had progressive disease. All patients were evaluable for toxic effects, the most common being nausea and vomiting. AMICAR given orally at 210 mg/kg of actual body weight/day is not an effective single agent in the treatment of metastatic colorectal carcinoma. In view of previously published animal data the role of AMICAR in the adjuvant setting for colorectal carcinoma still needs to be determined.
Focal nodular hyperplasia and hepatic adenoma: A review of eight cases in the pediatric age group
Authors: Lack Ernest E. , Ornvold Kim
Published: February 2007

A review of all primary hepatic tumors seen at Children's Hospital, Boston over a 57‐year period disclosed six cases of focal nodular hyperplasia (FNH) and two hepatic adenomas (HA). The children with FNH (four females, two males) ranged in age from 6 months to 15 years (average age: 7 years). Three patients had “hepatomegaly” noted on physical examination 2 months to 2 or more years prior to diagnosis. The average diameter of FNH was 7.3 cm (range 2.5‐10 cm). The lesion was confined to the right lobe in four cases and showed bilobar involvement in two. The HA's were diagnosed in a newborn male and a 2‐year‐old girl, both of whom were symptomatic because of large tumor size (10 cm each). There was no maternal history of exposure to exogenous steroids during pregnancy. Three children with FNH underwent hepatic lobectomy and were alive and well 4 to 17 years later. One child who died of acute leukemia had an incidental FNH discovered at autopsy. Two patients were treated conservatively with biopsy only and were alive and symptom‐free 13 and 15 years later. Both children with HA underwent hepatic lobectomy. One died postoperatively because of intra‐abdominal hemorrhage and the other was alive and well 101A years later. Complete surgical resection is recommended for most children with HA when technically feasible because of 1) the lingering suspicion of possible (albeit remote) malignant transformation and 2) diagnostic difficulties in distnguishing HA from a well‐differentiated hepatocellular carcinoma.
Adenosquamous carcinoma of the common bile duct: A case report
Authors: Lantsberg Leonid , Khodadadi Jalinus , Goldstein Jed
Published: February 2007

Reported here is a case of primary adenosquamous carcinoma of the common bile duct. This unusual variant of the ordinary adenocarcinoma has not, to the best of our knowledge, been previously reported as occurring in the extrahepatic bile ducts. A tumor of notorious prognostic significance, it represents an exceedingly rare and peculiar biological phenomenon of malignant metaplastic change.
Clinical studies on serum immunosuppressive acidic protein (IAP) and ferritin in gastric cancer patients: With special reference to preoperative value and influence of surgical stress
Authors: Saji Shigetoyo , Yokoyama Yukio , Niwa Hikoo , Takao Hiroshi , Kida Hisashi , Kawata Ryo , Tanemura Hiromi , Sakata Kazuki
Published: February 2007

Serum IAP and ferritin values were measured preoperatively in 83 resectable gastric cancer patients. IAP was significantly higher in them than in normal subjects, and increased gradually with progression of cancer, and the values at stages III and IV were significantly higher than that at stage I. It was significantly higher in the cases of n(+) than in those of n(‐), and in the cases of noncurative resection than in those of curative resection. Ferritin was significantly higher in them than in normal subjects and mammary cancer patients, and in males than in females, and the values at stages I and IV were significantly higher than that at stage III.

OK‐432 was serially administered pre‐ and postoperatively in 83 cases and only postoperatively in 33 cases. IAP increased markedly at 1 week postoperatively and was reduced gradually at 2 and 4 weeks. Ferritin increased markedly at 1 week after operation and reached the maximum value at 2 weeks and was reduced toward the value of 1 week at 4 weeks. However, these changes showed no significant difference between the both groups.
Giant basal cell carcinoma with metastases and myelophthisic anemia
Authors: Schwartz Robert A. , De Jacer Robert L. , Janniger Camila Krysicka , Lambert W. Clark
Published: February 2007

We report a 59‐year‐old, dark‐complexioned black man with a giant basal cell carcinoma infiltrating virtually the entire scalp. Widespread metastatic bone marrow involvement produced a myelophthisic anemia. Basal cell carcinoma is rare in blacks, is rarely this large, and very rarely produces myelophthisic anemia from bone marrow metastases.
An unusual site of presentation for Hodgkin's disease in the middle ear
Authors: Zahra Mohammed , Tewfik Ferial
Published: February 2007

We are presenting a case history of a patient with advanced Hodgkin's disease, who had secondary involvement of his middle ear. To our knowledge this is the first case report of such clinical presentation where radiation therapy was of good help for bringing about symptomatic relief. Possible routes of spread are discussed and the literature is reviewed.
Primary gastrointestinal lymphoma incidence, clinical presentation, and surgical approach
Authors: Bäck Hans , Gustavsson Bengt , Ridell Börje , Rödjer STIG , Westin Jan
Published: February 2007

During a 5‐year period, 15 cases of primary gastrointestinal lymphoma, corresponding to 14% of the non‐Hodgkin's lymphomas, were diagnosed in a population of 200,000. Most patients had a short duration of symptoms—less than 3 months—and a clinical picture dominated by abdominal pain. All patients were laparotomized and six patients presented with an acute abdomen and were subjected to emergency operations. In seven cases, gastrointestinal malignancy was not suspected preoperatively. The patients were treated with a combination of surgery, cytostatic therapy, and/or radiotherapy. Cases with localized disease had a favorable prognosis, seven of nine patients being alive 31 to 70 months after diagnosis. A statistically significant difference in median survival was also noted between patients with lymphomas of low‐grade and high‐grade malignancy (70+ vs. 10.5 months).
Gallbladder adenocarcinoma: Prognostic significance of tumor acid mucopolysaccharide content
Authors: Johnson Lewis A. , Lavin Philip T. , Dayal Yogeshwar Y. , Geller Stephen A. , Doos Wilhelm G. , Cooper Harry S. , Gerber John E. , Masse Serge T. , Weiland Louis H. , Moertel Charles G. , Engstrom Paul F.
Published: February 2007

The gall bladder mucosa is composed of neutral mucopolysaccharide and protein radical containing secretory cells, protein radical containing migratory cells, and neutral and acid mucopolysaccharides plus sialic acid containing goblet cells. The prognostic significance of histologic or histochemical parameters in gall bladder adenocarcinoma (GBA) are unknown. To determine if histochemical acid mucopolysaccharide content in GBA has prognostic value, GBA histologic sections from 26 advanced stage disease patients participating in Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) treatment study EST‐2273 were stained with alcian blue at pH. 1.0, assessed by a pathology panel for either high (> 50%) or low (< 50%) acid mucopolysaccharide content, and correlated with patient survival. Initial panel unanimous concurrence rate on acid mucopolysaccharide content was 88.9%. Median survival times from the start of chemotherapy to date of death for high acid mucopolysaccharide content GBA was 14 weeks versus five weeks for the low content GBA (P < 0.0001). The results indicate that high acid mucopolysaccharide content in GBA significantly improves prognosis. ECOG recommends stratification by acid mucopolysaccharide content in future GBA treatment investigations.
Kaposi's sarcoma: Report of five cases treated with radiotherapy
Authors: Ampil Federico L
Published: February 2007

Five patients with Kaposi's sarcoma seen and treated at the Louisiana State University Medical Center in Shreveport from 1970 to 1984 are presented. A complete response was observed in two patients who received extended‐field irradiation. Results obtained with external beam radiotherapy for this disease from other reported patients series are summarized.
Gallbladder adenocarcinoma: The prognostic significance of histologic grade
Authors: Johnson Lewis A. , Lavin Philip T. , Dayal Yogeshwar Y. , Geller Stephen A. , Doos Wilhelm G. , Cooper Harry S. , Gerber John E. , Masse Serge R. , Weiland Louis H. , Moertel Charles G. , Engstrom Paul F.
Published: February 2007

Gallbladder adenocarcinoma (GBA) postresection 5‐year survival rates are less than 5%, but when histologically confined to the mucosa or submucosa, survival rates of 64% (5 years) and 44% (10 years) have been reported. Whether any other histologic features of GBA have prognostic significance is unknown. This investigation was conducted to determine if GBA histologic grade correlates with survival. Thirty patients with advanced stage GBA participating in Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) treatment protocol EST‐2273 served as the study material. Using glandular tumor grade criteria recommended by others, a panel of 7 ECOG pathologists categorized the GBA as either predominantly low or high histologic grade. Each patient's GBA histologic section measured no less than 1.0 × 1.0 cm. Predominant grade was defined as being that grade present in > 75% of the histologic section. Patient survival times by grade were calculated from date of initiation of chemotherapy until date of death. The 13‐week low grade GBA patient survival was significantly longer than the 7‐week high grade GBA patient survival (p < 0.01). Stratification of patients by either high or low predominant histologic grade is recommended in future GBA treatment studies.
Radiation after pelvic lymphadenectomy: Effect on morbidity
Authors: Babaian R. Joseph , Aguilar Orlando F.
Published: February 2007

The role of a staging pelvic lymph node dissection has been questioned because of its associated morbidity, especially when followed by definitive radiation therapy. Forty‐nine patients with clinically localized adenocarcinoma of the prostate underwent a staging pelvic lymphadenectomy. Clinically suspected lymph nodes were submitted for frozen section analysis. A unilateral dissection was performed on 7 patients (14%), none of whom developed intraoperative or postoperative complications. The remaining 42 patients underwent bilateral pelvic lymphadenectomy, after which 26 were treated with definitive radiation therapy using the four‐field box technique, and 16 received other forms of therapy (delayed androgen deprivation or hormonal manipulation). The complication rate of 19% was identical for both groups of patients. Complications consisted of 3 seromas, 1 atelectasis, 1 prolonged ileus, 1 wound infection, and 2 transient penile or scrotal edemas. Radiation therapy, therefore, did not increase postoperative morbidity.
Suppressor T cell activity in lymphoid interstitial pneumonia
Authors: Majeski James A. , Stinnett J. Dwight , Cameron Deborah J.
Published: February 2007

A case of lymphoid interstitial pneumonia was investigated for immunological abnormalities. Suppressor T cells were found. The abnormality in the lymphoid system could be corrected in vitro with levamisole. The patient thereafter developed histiocytic lymphoma and soon died without any response to chemotherapy.
Metastatic melanoma of the gallbladder: A case report and review of the literature
Authors: Murphy Maurice N. , Lorimer Susan M. , Glennon Peter E.
Published: February 2007

A single case of symptomatic metastatic melanoma to the gallbladder, with roentogenographic findings of gallbladder disease, is presented. Review of the 12 previously reported cases of symptomatic metastatic biliary melanoma and of those reports of “primary” melanoma of the gallbladder reveals marked similarity between the two groups, with regard to relative size, pathologic description, number, and location of lesions. This, together with the finding of “junctional activity” in our case, leads us to believe that most if not all melanomas present in the gallbladder are metastatic deposits from a known, undetected, or regressed primary locus elsewhere. Surgical removal, even in the presence of disseminated disease, is a worthwhile palliative procedure.
Comparison of primary and secondary treatment in squamous oral cancer
Authors: Moore Condict , Flynn Michael B. , Knox Robert , Newman Donald A. , Greenberg Richard A.
Published: February 2007

A popular rule of thumb has often prevailed in treating oral cancer: Try one modality first; if it fails, try the other—the chance for cure will still be good. To study this dogma, a group of 160 consecutive patients with oral cavity squamous carcinoma were reviewed. A hypothesis was formed: secondary treatment for recurrent cancer, whether surgery after radiation failure or vice versa, would salvage essentially as many patients as primary treatment, say within 15%. Results show a large difference in success rates between first and second treatments when all stages are considered together, a difference well over 15 percentage points. Regarding each stage separately, the largest difference occurs in stage II (28 percentage points); other stages exceed 15 point differences. No significant differences in successful salvage occur between “home” failures and “elsewhere” failures. Local recurrence was a major cause of failure in both groups (55%). We conclude that recurrence of oral squamous cancer after first treatment markedly reduces patients' chance for cure.