bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Publisher Correction: Gene-based Therapy in a Mouse Model of Blue Cone Monochromacy
Authors: Zhang Yuxin , Deng Wen-Tao , Du Wei , Zhu Ping , Li Jie , Xu Fan , Sun Jingfen , Gerstner Cecilia D. , Baehr Wolfgang , Boye Sanford L. , Zhao Chen , Hauswirth William W. , Pang Ji-jing
Published: March 2018

A correction to this article has been published and is linked from the HTML and PDF versions of this paper. The error has been fixed in the paper.
Computational and biological characterization of fusion proteins of two insecticidal proteins for control of insect pests
Authors: Javaid Shaista , Naz Sehrish , Amin Imran , Jander Georg , Ul-Haq Zaheer , Mansoor Shahid
Published: March 2018

Sucking pests pose a serious agricultural challenge, as available transgenic technologies such as Bacillus thuringiensis crystal toxins (Bt) are not effective against them. One approach is to produce fusion protein toxins for the control of these pests. Two protein toxins, Hvt (ω-atracotoxin from Hadronyche versuta) and onion leaf lectin, were translationally fused to evaluate the negative effects of fusion proteins on Phenacoccus solenopsis (mealybug), a phloem-feeding insect pest. Hvt was cloned both N-terminally (HL) and then C-terminally (LH) in the fusion protein constructs, which were expressed transiently in Nicotiana tabacum using a Potato Virus X (PVX) vector. The HL fusion protein was found to be more effective against P. solenopsis, with an 83% mortality rate, as compared to the LH protein, which caused 65% mortality. Hvt and lectin alone caused 42% and 45%, respectively, under the same conditions. Computational studies of both fusion proteins showed that the HL protein is more stable than the LH protein. Together, these results demonstrate that translational fusion of two insecticidal proteins improved the insecticidal activity relative to each protein individually and could be expressed in transgenic plants for effective control of sucking pests.
Androgen receptor modulation following combination exposure to brominated flame-retardants
Authors: Kharlyngdoh Joubert Banjop , Pradhan Ajay , Olsson Per-Erik
Published: March 2018

Endocrine disrupting compounds can interfere with androgen receptor (AR) signaling and disrupt steroidogenesis leading to reproductive failure. The brominated flame-retardant (BFR) 1, 2-dibromo-4-(1, 2-dibromoethyl) cyclohexane (TBECH), is an agonist to human, chicken and zebrafish AR. Recently another group of alternative BFRs, allyl 2, 4, 6-tribromophenyl ether (ATE), and 2, 3-dibromopropyl 2, 4, 6-tribromophenyl ether (DPTE) along with its metabolite 2-bromoallyl 2, 4, 6-tribromophenyl ether (BATE) were identified as potent human AR antagonists. These alternative BFRs are present in the environment. The aim of the present study was to determine the effect of mixed exposures to the AR agonist and the AR antagonists at environmentally relevant concentrations. In vitro reporter luciferase assay showed that the AR antagonists, when present at concentration higher than TBECH, were able to inhibit TBECH-mediated AR activity. These AR antagonists also promoted AR nuclear translocation. In vitro gene expression analysis in the non-tumorigenic human prostate epithelial cell RWPE1 showed that TBECH induced AR target genes whereas DPTE repressed these genes. Further analysis of steroidogenic genes showed that TBECH up-regulated most of the genes while DPTE down-regulated the same genes. The results indicate that when TBECH and DPTE are present together they will antagonize each other, thereby reducing their individual effects.
Differential gene expression revealed with RNA-Seq and parallel genotype selection of the ornithine decarboxylase gene in fish inhabiting polluted areas
Authors: Vega-Retter C. , Rojas-Hernandez N. , Vila I. , Espejo R. , Loyola D. E. , Copaja S. , Briones M. , Nolte A. W. , Véliz D.
Published: March 2018

How organisms adapt to unfavorable environmental conditions by means of plasticity or selection of favorable genetic variants is a central issue in evolutionary biology. In the Maipo River basin, the fishBasilichthys microlepidotusinhabits polluted and non-polluted areas. Previous studies have suggested that directional selection drives genomic divergence between these areas in 4% of Amplified Fragment Length Polymorphism (AFLP) loci, but the underlying genes and functions remain unknown. We hypothesized thatB. microlepidotusin this basin has plastic and/or genetic responses to these conditions. Using RNA-Seq, we identified differentially expressed genes in individuals from two polluted sites compared with fish inhabiting non-polluted sites. In one polluted site, the main upregulated genes were related to cellular proliferation as well as suppression and progression of tumors, while biological processes and molecular functions involved in apoptotic processes were overrepresented in the upregulated genes of the second polluted site. The ornithine decarboxylase gene (related to tumor promotion and progression), which was overexpressed in both polluted sites, was sequenced, and a parallel pattern of a heterozygote deficiency and increase of the same homozygote genotype in both polluted sites compared with fish inhabiting the non-polluted sites was detected. These results suggest the occurrence of both a plastic response in gene expression and an interplay between phenotypic change and genotypic selection in the face of anthropogenic pollution.
Synthesis of transfer-free graphene on cemented carbide surface
Authors: Yu Xiang , Zhang Zhen , Liu Fei , Ren Yi
Published: March 2018

Direct growth of spherical graphene with large surface area is important for various applications in sensor technology. However, the preparation of transfer-free graphene on different substrates is still a challenge. This study presents a novel approach for the transfer-free graphene growth directly on cemented carbide. The used simple thermal annealing induces an in-situ transformation of magnetron-sputtered amorphous silicon carbide films into the graphene matrix. The study reveals the role of Co, a binding phase in cemented carbides, in Si sublimation process, and its interplay with the annealing temperature in development of the graphene matrix. A detailed physico-chemical characterisation was performed by structural (XRD analysis and Raman spectroscopy with mapping studies), morphological (SEM) and chemical (EDS) analyses. The optimal bilayer graphene matrix with hollow graphene spheres on top readily grows at 1000 °C. Higher annealing temperature critically decreases the amount of Si, which yields an increased number of the graphene layers and formation of multi-layer graphene (MLG). The proposed action mechanism involves silicidation of Co during thermal treatment, which influences the existing chemical form of Co, and thus, the graphene formation and variations in a number of the formed graphene layers.
Effect of FePd alloy composition on the dynamics of artificial spin ice
Authors: Morley Sophie A. , Riley Susan T. , Porro Jose-Maria , Rosamond Mark C. , Linfield Edmund H. , Cunningham John E. , Langridge Sean , Marrows Christopher H.
Published: March 2018

Artificial spin ices (ASI) are arrays of single domain nano-magnetic islands, arranged in geometries that give rise to frustrated magnetostatic interactions. It is possible to reach their ground state via thermal annealing. We have made square ASI using different FePd alloys to vary the magnetization via co-sputtering. From a polarized state the samples were incrementally heated and we measured the vertex population as a function of temperature using magnetic force microscopy. For the higher magnetization FePd sample, we report an onset of dynamics at T = 493 K, with a rapid collapse into >90% ground state vertices. In contrast, the low magnetization sample started to fluctuate at lower temperatures, T = 393 K and over a wider temperature range but only reached a maximum of 25% of ground state vertices. These results indicate that the interaction strength, dynamic temperature range and pathways can be finely tuned using a simple co-sputtering process. In addition we have compared our experimental values of the blocking temperature to those predicted using the simple Néel-Brown two-state model and find a large discrepancy which we attribute to activation volumes much smaller than the island volume.
Author Correction: Altered resting-state brain activity in Parkinson’s disease patients with freezing of gait
Authors: Mi Tao-Mian , Mei Shan-Shan , Liang Pei-Peng , Gao Lin-Lin , Li Kun-Cheng , Wu Tao , Chan Piu
Published: March 2018

A correction to this article has been published and is linked from the HTML and PDF versions of this paper. The error has not been fixed in the paper.
Author Correction: Photonic Generation of High Power, Ultrastable Microwave Signals by Vernier Effect in a Femtosecond Laser Frequency Comb
Authors: Saleh Khaldoun , Millo Jacques , Marechal Baptiste , Dubois Benoît , Bakir Ahmed , Didier Alexandre , Lacroûte Clément , Kersalé Yann
Published: March 2018

A correction to this article has been published and is linked from the HTML and PDF versions of this paper. The error has been fixed in the paper.
Ricci-flow based conformal mapping of the proximal femur to identify exercise loading effects
Authors: Narra Nathaniel , Abe Shinya , Dimitrov Vassil , Nikander Riku , Kouhia Reijo , Sievänen Harri , Hyttinen Jari
Published: March 2018

The causal relationship between habitual loading and adaptive response in bone morphology is commonly explored by analysing the spatial distribution of mechanically relevant features. In this study, 3D distribution of features in the proximal femur of 91 female athletes (5 exercise loading groups representing habitual loading) is contrasted with 20 controls. A femur specific Ricci-flow based conformal mapping procedure was developed for establishing correspondence among the periosteal surfaces. The procedure leverages the invariance of the conformal mapping method to isometric shape differences to align surfaces in the 2D parametric domain, to produce dense correspondences across an isotopological set of surfaces. This is implemented through a multi-parametrisation approach to detect surface features and to overcome the issue of inconsistency in the anatomical extent present in the data. Subsequently, the group-wise distribution of two mechanically relevant features was studied – cortical thickness and surface principal strains (simulation results of a sideways fall). Statistical inferences over the surfaces were made by contrasting the athlete groups with the controls through statistical parametric mapping. With the aid of group-wise and composite-group maps, proximal femur regions affected by specific loading groups were identified with a high degree of spatial localisation.
Strong cooling induced by stand-replacing fires through albedo in Siberian larch forests
Authors: Chen Dong , Loboda Tatiana V. , He Tao , Zhang Yi , Liang Shunlin
Published: March 2018

The Siberian larch forests, taking up about a fifth of the global boreal biome, are different from the North American boreal forests in that they generally do not undergo a secondary succession. While wildfires in the boreal forests in North America have been shown to exert a cooling effect on the climate system through a sharp increase in surface albedo associated with canopy removal and species composition change during succession, the magnitude of the surface forcing resulting from fire-induced albedo change and its longevity in Siberia have not been previously quantified. Here we show that in contrast to previous expectations, stand-replacing fires exert a strong cooling effect similar in magnitude to that in North America. This cooling effect is attributable to the increase in surface albedo during snow-on periods. However, the observed earlier snowmelt in the region, and subsequently a longer snow-free season, has resulted in a warming effect which has the potential to offset the fire-induced cooling. The net albedo-induced forcing of the Siberian larch forests in the future would hinge on the interaction between the fire-induced cooling effect and the climate-induced warming effect, both of which will be impacted by the expected further warming in the region.
Proteins enriched in charged amino acids control the formation and stabilization of selenium nanoparticles in Comamonas testosteroni S44
Authors: Xu Ding , Yang Lichen , Wang Yu , Wang Gejiao , Rensing Christopher , Zheng Shixue
Published: March 2018

Elemental selenium nanoparticles (SeNPs) are useful in medicine, environmental remediation and in material science. Biosynthesized SeNPs (BioSeNPs) by bacteria are cheap, eco-friendly and have a lower cytotoxicity in comparison with chemically synthesized ones. Organic matters were found to cap on the surface of BioSeNPs, but the functions were still not entirely clear. The purified BioSeNPs were coated in a thick layer of organic substrates observed by transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Fourier Transform Infrared (FT-IR) and quantitative detection of the coating agents showed that one gram of purified BioSeNPs bound 1069 mg proteins, 23 mg carbohydrates and only very limited amounts of lipids. Proteomics of BioSeNPs showed more than 800 proteins bound to BioSeNPs. Proteins enriched in charged amino acids are the major factor thought to govern the formation process and stabilization of BioSeNPs in bacteria. In view of the results reported here, a schematic model for the molecular mechanism of BioSeNPs formation in bacteria is proposed. These findings are helpful for the artificial green synthesis of stable SeNPs under specific condition and guiding the surface modification of SeNPs for medicine application.
Influence of texture and grain misorientation on the ionic conduction in multilayered solid electrolytes – interface strain effects in competition with blocking grain boundaries
Authors: Keppner J. , Schubert J. , Ziegner M. , Mogwitz B. , Janek J. , Korte C.
Published: March 2018

We investigate the relaxation of mismatch induced interface strain as a function of the texture and its influence on the ionic conductivity in YSZ/Er2O3 multilayer thin films.
On the higher-order T2 ⊗ (e + t2) Jahn–Teller coupling effects in the photodetachment spectrum of the alanate anion (AlH4−)
Authors: Mondal T.
Published: March 2018

The higher-order JT coupling terms (beyond the standard second-order JT theory) are important to understand the first photoelectron band of AlH4.
Influence of additives on thermoresponsive polymers in aqueous media: a case study of poly(N-isopropylacrylamide)
Authors: Umapathi Reddicherla , Reddy P. Madhusudhana , Rani Anjeeta , Venkatesu Pannuru
Published: March 2018

Thermoresponsive polymers (TRPs) in different solvent media have been studied over a long period and are important from both scientific and technical points of view.
Relationship between copper(ii) complexes with FomA adhesin fragments ofF. nucleatumand colorectal cancer. Coordination pattern and ability to promote ROS production
Authors: Lesiów M. K. , Komarnicka U. K. , Stokowa-Sołtys K. , Rolka K. , Łęgowska A. , Ptaszyńska N. , Wieczorek R. , Kyzioł A. , Jeżowska-Bojczuk M.
Published: March 2018

The copper(ii) binding of the fragments of FomA was studied. Complexes stimulate the CT26 cell line to produce ROS which lead to oxidative stress.
Sulfidation mechanisms of Fe(iii)-(oxyhydr)oxide nanoparticles: a spectroscopic study
Authors: Kumar Naresh , Lezama Pacheco Juan , Noël Vincent , Dublet Gabrielle , Brown Gordon E.
Published: March 2018

We used synchrotron-based X-ray absorption spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy, and wet chemical analyses to study the sulfidation mechanism(s) and sulfur oxidation products from the reaction of ferrihydrite, goethite, and hematite nanoparticles with dissolved sulfide at different S/Fe molar ratios under anaerobic condition.
Discovery of 2-aminoimidazole and 2-amino imidazolyl-thiazoles as non-xanthine human adenosine A3receptor antagonists: SAR and molecular modeling studies
Authors: Pandya Amit N. , Baraiya Arshi B. , Jalani Hitesh B. , Pandya Dhaivat , Kaila Jitendra C. , Kachler Sonja , Salmaso Veronica , Moro Stefano , Klotz Karl-Norbert , Vasu Kamala K.
Published: March 2018

A combinatorial library of 24 compoundswith 2-amino imidazole & 2-aminoimidazolyl-thiazoles was synthesized.
Membrane adaptation limitations inEnterococcus faecalisunderlie sensitivity and the inability to develop significant resistance to conjugated oligoelectrolytes
Authors: Chilambi Gayatri Shankar , Gao Iris H. , Yoon Bo Kyeong , Park Soohyun , Kawakami Lisa M. , Ravikumar Vikashini , Chan-Park Mary B. , Cho Nam-Joon , Bazan Guillermo C. , Kline Kimberly A. , Rice Scott A. , Hinks Jamie
Published: March 2018

COEs are emerging antimicrobials to combat drug resistant infections and to which bacteria develop only limited resistance.
Chiral protic imidazolium salts with a (−)-menthol fragment in the cation: synthesis, properties and use in the Diels–Alder reaction
Authors: Janus Ewa , Gano Marcin , Feder-Kubis Joanna , Sośnicki Jacek
Published: March 2018

New chiral protic imidazolium salts from a natural (−)-menthol, their physicochemical properties and catalytic activity in a Diels–Alder reaction.
Manganese pyrosilicates as novel positive electrode materials for Na-ion batteries
Authors: Renman Viktor , Valvo Mario , Tai Cheuk-Wai , Gómez Cesar Pay , Edström Kristina , Liivat Anti
Published: March 2018

Desodiation of the Na2Mn2Si2O7–carbon nanocomposite exhibits unique rearrangements in a Mn-coordination environment.
Carbon-assisted conversion reaction-based oxide nanomaterials for lithium-ion batteries
Authors: Li Xueying , Chen Lizhuang , Qu Yongquan , Ma Yuanyuan
Published: March 2018

This study reviews the structural design and structure–property relationship of carbon-assisted conversion reaction-based oxides as anodes for lithium-ion batteries.
High performance solution processed oxide thin-film transistors with inkjet printed Ag source–drain electrodes
Authors: Gillan Liam , Leppäniemi Jaakko , Eiroma Kim , Majumdar Himadri , Alastalo Ari
Published: March 2018

Engineering of an In2O3semiconductor and Ag source/drain interface in inkjet-printed thin-film transistors enhances the saturation mobility by two orders of magnitude.
Regulating the local pH level of titanium via Mg–Fe layered double hydroxides films for enhanced osteogenesis
Authors: Li Qianwen , Wang Donghui , Qiu Jiajun , Peng Feng , Liu Xuanyong
Published: March 2018

Mg–Fe LDHs fabricated on titanium can make the local microenvironment pH value controllable via OH− exchange, and this eventually enhances the osteogenesis effectively.
Highly transparent and flexible circuits through patterning silver nanowires into microfluidic channels
Authors: Sun Jing , Zhou Wenhui , Yang Haibo , Zhen Xue , Ma Longfei , Williams Dirk , Sun Xudong , Lang Ming-Fei
Published: March 2018

Completely transparent and flexible circuits have been developed using microfluidic technology with ultraprecise pattern control and facile processing.
Multiple cluster CH activations and transformations of furan by triosmium carbonyl complexes
Authors: Adams Richard D. , Kiprotich Emmanuel J. , Smith Mark D.
Published: March 2018

The cyclodiyne complex Os3(CO)9(μ-H)2(μ3-η2-2,3-μ3-η2-4,5-C4O)Os3(CO)9(μ-H)2, 3 was obtained from reactions of furan with Os3(CO)10(NCMe)2 by a series of CH activations. When heated, the furdiyne ring in 3 is opened and decarbonylated to yield complexes with bridging C3 ligands.
Mimicking cellular phospholipid bilayer packing creates predictable crystalline molecular metal–organophosphonate macrocycles and cages
Authors: Bulut Aysun , Maares Maria , Atak Kaan , Zorlu Yunus , Çoşut Bünyemin , Zubieta Jon , Beckmann Jens , Haase Hajo , Yücesan Gündoğ
Published: March 2018

Evolution of metal–organophosphonates from macrocycles into cages.
Antagonistic effects of natural osmolyte mixtures and hydrostatic pressure on the conformational dynamics of a DNA hairpin probed at the single-molecule level
Authors: Patra Satyajit , Anders Christian , Schummel Paul Hendrik , Winter Roland
Published: March 2018

Osmolyte mixtures from deep sea organisms are able to rescue nucleic acids from pressure-induced unfolding.
Liquid–liquid phase coexistence in lipid membranes observed by natural abundance 1H–13C solid-state NMR
Authors: Löser Lucas , Saalwächter Kay , Mendes Ferreira Tiago
Published: March 2018

Solid-state NMR is used to detect liquid–liquid phase coexistence from randomly oriented lipid membranes with natural abundance of isotopes.
On the hydrogen evolution reaction activity of graphene–hBN van der Waals heterostructures
Authors: Bawari Sumit , Kaley Nisheal M. , Pal Shubhadeep , Vineesh Thazhe Veettil , Ghosh Shamasree , Mondal Jagannath , Narayanan Tharangattu N.
Published: March 2018

This work demonstrates the hydrogen evolution reaction from graphene–hBN van der Waals structures, where individual layers are inert towards this reaction.
Silver(i) dithiocarboxylate complexes – clustering and aggregation
Authors: Grote Johanna , Neumann Beate , Stammler Hans-Georg , Mitzel Norbert W.
Published: March 2018

Molecular structures and aggregation motifs of a series of neutral homoleptic silver(i) dithiocarboxylate are presented and a correlation between the substituent and aggregation motif as well as the differences from the (almost) analogous gold(i) complexes are discussed.
An inorganic–organic hybrid supramolecular framework as a high-performance anode for lithium-ion batteries
Authors: Xia Shubiao , Li Fushao , Li Xue , Cheng Feixiang , Sun Chengke , Liu Jian-Jun , Guo Hong
Published: March 2018

We achieved an excellent anode for a lithium-ion battery for the first time based on an inorganic–organic hybrid supramolecular nanotube.
Circulating tumor DNA and liquid biopsy: opportunities, challenges, and recent advances in detection technologies
Authors: Gorgannezhad Lena , Umer Muhammad , Islam Md. Nazmul , Nguyen Nam-Trung , Shiddiky Muhammad J. A.
Published: March 2018

Opportunities and challenges in translational application of ctDNA along with recent developments in chip-based ctDNA detection technologies have been reviewed.
Hot off the press
Authors: Hill Robert A. , Sutherland Andrew
Published: March 2018

A personal selection of 32 recent papers is presented covering various aspects of current developments in bioorganic chemistry and novel natural products such as tundrenone from Methylobacter tundripaludum.
The first total synthesis of gobichelin B: a mixed-ligand siderophore ofStreptomycessp. NRRL F-4415
Authors: Sridhar Perali Ramu , Venkatesh B. C. , Kalesha Shaik , Sudharani Chalapala
Published: March 2018

The first total synthesis of a structurally diverse mixed ligand siderophore, gobichelin B and anepi-gobichelin B is reported.
Stereoselective preparation of key intermediates for the synthesis of iso-, neuro- and phyto-prostane family members: inaugural asymmetric synthesis of 17-E2c-dihomo- and 17-F2c-dihomo-isoprostanes
Authors: Gandini Andrea , Amin Ahmed A. , Amin Hawraz Ibrahim M. , Corriero Davide , Porta Alessio , Zanoni Giuseppe
Published: March 2018

A practical synthesis of enantiopure key intermediates for the preparation of prostanoids has been described.
Highly efficient yellow electroluminescence of iridium complexes with good electron mobility
Authors: Han Hua-Bo , Ma Xiao-Feng , Wu Zheng-Guang , Zheng You-Xuan
Published: March 2018

Herein, two efficient yellow iridium complexes with good electron mobility were applied in OLEDs, showing a maximum current efficiency of 106.66 cd A−1 and an external quantum efficiency of 29.7% with low efficiency roll-off.
Aqueous extract of Sanguisorba officinalis blocks the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway in colorectal cancer cells
Authors: Liu Meng-ping , Li Wa , Dai Cong , Kei Lam Christopher Wai , Li Zheng , Chen Jie-feng , Chen Zuan-guang , Zhang Wei , Yao Mei-cun
Published: March 2018

Sanguisorba officinalis (the Chinese name is DiYu, DY) exerts significant anti-proliferative activities against colorectal cancer (CRC) cells.
Linear-type carbazoledioxazine-based organic semiconductors: the effect of backbone planarity on the molecular orientation and charge transport properties
Authors: Otsuka Rikuo , Wang Yang , Mori Takehiko , Michinobu Tsuyoshi
Published: March 2018

A linear-type dibromocarbazoledioxazine (CZ) derivative and its two polymers are newly designed and synthesized. Structure–property relationship studies reveal that PCZTT shows a four times higher hole mobility than PCZT.
Seedless assembly of colloidal crystals by inverted micro-fluidic pumping
Authors: Niu Ran , Palberg Thomas
Published: March 2018

We propose a seedless approach to assemble colloidal crystals utilizing inverted micro-fluidic pumping.
Hierarchically featured and substrate independent bulk-deposition of ‘reactive’ polymeric nanocomplexes for controlled and strategic manipulation of durable biomimicking wettability
Authors: Maji Kousik , Manna Uttam
Published: March 2018

Three-dimensional, controlled and covalent chemical optimization is introduced through strategic exploitation of a facile 1,4-conjugate addition reaction and a scalable spray deposition process for synthesizing durable biomimicked interfaces.
Multiple heterointerfaces boosted de-/sodiation kinetics towards superior Na storage and Na-Ion full battery
Authors: Wang Ying-Ying , Hou Bao-Hua , Wang Ya-Nan , Lü Hong-Yan , Guo Jin-Zhi , Ning Qiu-Li , Zhang Jing-Ping , Lü Chang-Li , Wu Xing-Long
Published: March 2018

An advanced anode composite for use in sodium-ion batteries was developed via constructing multiple phase heterointerfaces, which were significant and effective in improving the Na storage properties.
Environment-stimulated nanocarriers enabling multi-active sites for high drug encapsulation as an “on demand” drug release system
Authors: Cheng F. R. , Su T. , Cao J. , Luo X. L. , Li Li , Pu Yuji , He B.
Published: March 2018

Limited active sites in polyesters hinder fabrication of multifunctional biodegradable nanocarriers for successful clinical applications.
Non-doped white organic light-emitting diodes with superior efficiency/color stability by employing ultra-thin phosphorescent emitters
Authors: Zhao Bo , Zhang Heng , Wang Ziqi , Miao Yanqin , Wang Zhongqiang , Li Jie , Wang Hua , Hao Yuying , Li Wenlian
Published: March 2018

By modulating the location and quantity of ultra-thin red emitters in blue host of mSOAD, high EQE of 17.3% and high color stability WOLEDs with non-doped structure are achieved.
Local tone mapping algorithm and hardware implementation
Authors: Yang J. , Hore A. , Yadid‐Pecht O.
Published: March 2018

A novel tone mapping algorithm and hardware implementation for displaying wide dynamic range (WDR) images are proposed. The algorithm processes WDR images in a pixel‐by‐pixel fashion in the logarithmic domain, and it uses the block‐interpolated minimum and maximum pixel values. The hardware implementation can achieve real‐time processing of WDR images and is resource‐efficient. Experimental results show that the proposed algorithm and hardware implementation can produce images with good brightness and high contrast.
Low‐power pulse width modulation (PWM) for high‐frequency DC–DC converters
Authors: Veerabathini A. , Eshappa N.B. , Furth P.M.
Published: March 2018

A low‐power pulse width modulation (PWM) control circuit for high‐frequency switching direct current (DC)–DC converters based on a one‐shot circuit is proposed. The proposed PWM control circuit eliminates the use of a high‐power comparator and ramp generator that is conventionally used to generate the PWM waveform. The design is validated through simulation in a 0.13‐μm process. The proposed circuit operating at 20 MHz demonstrates greater than 20× reduction in power consumption compared with the conventional PWM circuit over a duty‐cycle range of 10–90%.
Circularly polarised rectangular microstrip antenna design with arbitrary input impedance
Authors: Moná Diego F. , Sakomura Eduardo S. , Nascimento Daniel C.
Published: March 2018

This study describes two stand‐alone iterative algorithms that fully solve the issue of generating non‐standard input impedances in probe‐fed circularly polarised rectangular microstrip antennas (CPRMA). Both were derived from a new cavity model‐based methodology that controls, at the frequency of operation (), the input reactance and resistance levels without disturbing the circular polarisation (CP) characteristics of the antenna. The first algorithm finds the antenna dimensions and probe position for an arbitrarily selectable input impedance and the second algorithm determines the possible choices of input impedance for a given dielectric substrate and . To highlight the applicability of both algorithms, two prototypes were designed and built: a right‐hand CP (RHCP) active antenna with input impedance , and an RHCP reference antenna (RA) with input impedance . These antennas were utilised in the design and characterisation of a co‐designed global positioning system active integrated antenna. The experimental and theoretical results show excellent agreement.
Novel multi‐terminal MMC‐based dc/dc converter for MVDC grid interconnection
Authors: Jafarishiadeh Seyyedmahdi , Dargahi Vahid , Khoshkbar Sadigh Arash , Farasat Mehdi
Published: March 2018

Multi‐terminal modular multilevel converter (MMC)‐based dc/dc converter with the medium‐frequency ac‐link transformer is an attractive and feasible solution for interconnecting medium‐voltage direct‐current (MVDC) grids. This study proposes a novel multi‐terminal dc/dc converter which features significantly reduced number of components compared with the conventional converter topology. The proposed dc/dc converter is capable of interconnecting multiple MVDC grids with different voltage levels as well as controlling the power flow between them. A combination of sine wave modulation scheme and phase disposition level‐shifted pulse‐width modulation is developed and employed for voltage balancing and controlling the power flow in the proposed converter. Several simulations, experimental and real‐time hardware‐in‐the‐loop case studies are carried out to demonstrate the dynamic response and capacitor voltage balancing capability of the proposed MMC and dc/dc converter under the developed control strategy.
High‐frequency electric‐motor modelling for conducted CM current prediction in adjustable speed drive system
Authors: Bi Chuang , Jia Kelin , Wu Yingzhe , Dong Liang , Li Hui , Yao Weizheng , Liu Gang , Zhang Hailong
Published: March 2018

This study presents a novel high‐frequency three‐phase permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) model to predict the common‐mode (CM) current and CM voltage in a pulse‐width modulation inverter‐fed adjustable speed drive systems. Parameters of the model are calculated based on the measured CM impedance, applying vector fitting method. The model‐calculated CM impedance is compared with the experimental impedance measured on a 3 kW PMSM with the star‐winding connection, which has shown considerable accuracy at a frequency range of 100 Hz–10 MHz. The frequency‐domain analysis of CM voltage and CM current is then predicted by using the proposed circuit model in MATLAB/Simulink, which gives good agreement between calculated and the measured results.
Mitigation of the low‐frequency neutral‐point current for three‐level T‐type inverters in three‐phase four‐wire systems
Authors: Zhang Wenping , Ding Chen
Published: March 2018

Large electrolytic capacitors are normally applied to maintain a stiff DC‐bus in uninterrupted power supply systems. However, the low‐frequency currents flow through them, which can reduce their lifespan and risk the system reliability. Therefore, this study investigates the neutral‐point current and corresponding suppression scenarios for three‐phase four‐wire three‐level T‐type inverters. First, the neutral‐point current for three‐level T‐type inverters is analysed and the mathematical expression is obtained. With the mathematical model, the neutral‐point currents in cases of different load conditions are investigated. In order to reduce the neutral‐point current and extend the lifespan of DC‐bus capacitors, a neutral‐point current suppression control strategy is proposed. The basic concept of the proposed control strategy and its effectiveness in cases of different load conditions are presented. Finally, a 30 kW T‐type three‐level inverter platform is built and the experimental results are presented to verify the theoretical analysis.
Gene expression feature selection for prostate cancer diagnosis using a two‐phase heuristic–deterministic search strategy
Authors: Shahbeig Saleh , Rahideh Akbar , Helfroush Mohammad Sadegh , Kazemi Kamran
Published: March 2018

Here, a two‐phase search strategy is proposed to identify the biomarkers in gene expression data set for the prostate cancer diagnosis. A statistical filtering method is initially employed to remove the noisiest data. In the first phase of the search strategy, a multi‐objective optimisation based on the binary particle swarm optimisation algorithm tuned by a chaotic method is proposed to select the optimal subset of genes with the minimum number of genes and the maximum classification accuracy. Finally, in the second phase of the search strategy, the cache‐based modification of the sequential forward floating selection algorithm is used to find the most discriminant genes from the optimal subset of genes selected in the first phase. The results of applying the proposed algorithm on the available challenging prostate cancer data set demonstrate that the proposed algorithm can perfectly identify the informative genes such that the classification accuracy, sensitivity, and specificity of 100% are achieved with only nine biomarkers.
Facile method for detecting C23H25ClN2 in fish using Au nanoparticle films as SERS substrates on glass
Authors: Li Yan‐meng , Wang Li‐wei , Li Ruo‐ping , Han Jun‐he , Huang Ming‐ju
Published: March 2018

Malachite green (C23H25ClN2) is an illegal fungicide of aquatic products due to its potential carcinogenic, teratogenic, and mutagenic effects. It is typically challenging to detect C23H25ClN2 in fish with conventional techniques. The study reported a simple and rapid method for detecting C23H25ClN2 on fish surface with surface‐enhanced Raman scattering (SERS). Using the seed growth method with trometamol as the modifier, 110 nm in‐diameter gold nanoparticles on thin glass as SERS substrate were prepared, which exhibited high SERS activity, reproducibility, stability, and flexibility in SERS measurement. The fish samples required no pretreatment and the entire measurement took <5 min. Quantitative analyses were also conducted. Excellent linear relationships (R 2 = 0.9397–0.9977) were obtained between the concentrations and the peak intensities of C23H25ClN2 at some characteristic peaks with a wide concentrations range (0.5–10 μM). The detection limit can reach 0.5 μM. This method provided an easy and fast way to detect C23H25ClN2 on fish surface for food safety.
Overcoming the supercooling of hydrated salts: three‐dimensional graphene composite PCMs
Authors: Wang Ya , Cao Liu , Zhang Dong
Published: March 2018

Novel composite phase change materials (PCMs) based on three‐dimensional reduced graphene oxide (3D‐rGO) were fabricated. Both borax (Na2B4O7 ·10H2 O) and 3D‐rGO were used to reduce the supercooling degree of sodium sulphate decahydrate. The T‐history method was used in studying the effect of Na2B4O7 ·10H2 O and 3D‐rGO on supercooling of PCM. It was found that both borax and 3D‐rGO can reduce the supercooling degree of the composite PCMs, and the positive synergy effect between 3D‐rGO and Na2B4O7 ·10H2 O is significant. These results provide valuable guidance for improving the phase transition properties of hydrated salts.
Modelling and optimisation of sodium silicate based silica aerogel synthesis using response surface methodology
Authors: Mirzaee Seyed Saeed , Salahi Esmaeil , Khanlarkhani Ali
Published: March 2018

The purpose of this work was to model and optimise the preparation of silica aerogel using low‐cost material and modified sol–gel process. A central composite design was employed to optimise the synthesis factors. Among all factors discussed in literatures, silica concentration, gelation time and hydrophobic agent amount were the most efficacious ones. All experiments were performed at the same conditions, but the elected factors were varied in five levels. The response (density of silica aerogel) was fitted by quadratic regression model to find the optimal condition. Computation results showed that the minimum density of silica aerogel was achieved at silica concentration of 4.12 g/l, acid amount of 14.46 ml and trimethylchlorosilane (TMCS) consumption of 10.39 ml. The best density of silica aerogel was 0.078915 g/cm3 and the specific surface area determined by Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET) analysis was 780 m2/g.
Galactic or extragalactic chemical tagging for NGC 3201?
Authors: Dias B. , Araya I. , Nogueira-Cavalcante J. P. , Saker L. , Shokry A.
Published: March 2018

Context. The origin of the globular cluster (GC) NGC 3201 is under debate. Its retrograde orbit points to an extragalactic origin, but no further chemical evidence supports this idea. Light-element chemical abundances are useful to tag GCs and can be used to shed light on this discussion.

Aims. Recently it was shown that the CN and CH indices are useful to identify GCs that are anomalous to those typically found in the Milky Way. A possible origin of anomalous clusters is the merger of two GCs and/or the nucleus of a dwarf galaxy. We aim to derive CN and CH band strengths for red giant stars in NGC3201 and compare these with photometric indices and high-resolution spectroscopy and discuss in the context of GC chemical tagging.

Methods. We measure molecular band indices of S(3839) and G4300 for CN and CH, respectively from low-resolution spectra of red giant stars. Gravity and temperature effects are removed. Photometric indices are used to indicate further chemical information on C+N+O or s-process element abundances that are not derived from low-resolution spectra.

Results. We found three groups in the CN–CH distribution. A main sequence (S1), a secondary less-populated sequence (S2), and a group of peculiar (pec) CN-weak and CH-weak stars, one of which was previously known. The three groups seem to have different C+N+O and/or s-process element abundances, to be confirmed by high-resolution spectroscopy. These are typical characteristics of anomalous GCs. The CN distribution of NGC 3201 is quadrimodal, which is more common in anomalous clusters. However, NGC 3201 does not belong to the trend of anomalous GCs in the mass-size relation.

Conclusions. The globular cluster NGC 3201 shows signs that it can be chemically tagged as anomalous: it has an unusual CN–CH relation, indications that pec-S1-S2 is an increasing sequence of C+N+O or s-process element abundances, and a multi-modal CN distribution that seems to correlate with s-process element abundances. The non-anomalous characteristics are that it has a debatable Fe-spread and it does not follow the trend of mass size of all anomalous clusters. Three scenarios are postulated here: (i) if the sequence pec-S1-S2 has increasing C+N+O and s-process element abundances, NGC 3201 would be the first anomalous GC outside of the mass-size relation; (ii) if the abundances are almost constant, NGC 3201 would be the first non-anomalous GC with multiple CN–CH anti-correlation groups; or (iii) it would be the first anomalous GC without variations in C+N+O and s-process element abundances. In all cases, the definition of anomalous clusters and the scenario in which they have an extragalactic origin must be revised.
Enfin du nouveau dans l’ancrage mandibulaire postérieur
Authors: Bernard-Granger C. , Cresseaux P. , Filippi R.
Published: March 2018

Dans cet article, nous vous présentons, à travers trois cas cliniques, une nouvelle technique d’ancrage orthodontique.

Le procédé est inspiré d’un ancrage utilisé en alpinisme.

Grâce à un simple fil d’ostéosynthèse, inséré dans la branche montante mandibulaire, il est possible d’obtenir un recul de l’arcade et un redressement conséquent des axes incisifs.
Au-delà de l’accélération du déplacement dentaire : autres effets des corticotomies alvéolaires d’intérêt en pratique orthodontique quotidienne
Authors: Gellee T. , Ouadi E. , Ejeil A.-L. , Moreau N.
Published: March 2018

L’accélération du déplacement dentaire orthodontique par corticotomie alvéolaire est bien décrite dans la littérature. Elle se traduit par un phénomène d’ostéopénie transitoire, baptisé « phénomène d’accélération régionale » par Frost. Ce mécanisme biologique a été décrit via des études animales et humaines. Cependant, d’autres effets intéressants en pratique orthodontique sont associés aux corticotomies alvéolaires : augmentation de l’amplitude des mouvements dentaires, diminution des résorptions radiculaires et augmentation de stabilité post-traitement orthodontique.
Abord parodontal des dents maxillaires antérieures incluses et retenues
Authors: Henner N. , Pignoly M. , Antezack A. , Monnet-Corti V.
Published: March 2018

Le traitement des dents incluses et retenues est une démarche pluridisciplinaire impliquant une coopération étroite entre parodontiste et orthodontiste. Le temps le plus important de la gestion de ces cas reste le diagnostic et par conséquent l’examen clinique et radiologique qui le permettent. En fonction de la position de la dent, au sein des structures osseuses et dentaires environnantes, diverses techniques chirurgicales permettront le dégagement. Outre l’accès à la dent et la possibilité de coller un ancrage orthodontique, les techniques opératoires mises en place lors du dégagement chirurgical doivent respecter l’intégrité du parodonte de la dent dégagée, ainsi que le parodonte des dents adjacentes. L’ensemble de ces techniques fait référence à la chirurgie plastique parodontale pour favoriser le maintien de la santé parodontale à long terme.
Le débat sur l’avenir du nucléaire
en Allemagne, en France et en Suède :
analyser la complexité des systèmes
d’acteurs nationaux
Authors: Meyer Teva
Published: March 2018

L’évolution des politiques nucléaires allemande, française
et suédoise suite à la catastrophe de Fukushima relève
des dynamiques propres aux systèmes d’acteurs des débats
nationaux. L’Allemagne se singularise par la construction
d’une coalition qui a amené des acteurs aux profils différents
à soutenir l’arrêt des centrales pour des raisons tant
économiques qu’idéologiques. En Suède, tandis que les partis
et les associations antinucléaires perdaient de leur influence,
les industriels énergivores ont réinvesti le débat sur la politique
énergétique. En France, les mouvements antinucléaires plongés
dans une profonde crise n’ont pas réussi à défier les « forces »
favorables à l’énergie atomique.
Les zones à défendre,
une innovation dans la contestation
des grands projets d’équipements
Authors: Subra Philippe
Published: March 2018

Le phénomène des « zones à défendre » s’est progressivement
imposé comme un des nouveaux modes de contestation
environnementale. Cela tient à trois caractéristiques. D’abord la
ZAD mobilise des militants altermondialistes appartenant à des
sous-groupes variés. Ensuite, la ZAD se distingue par son mode
opératoire : l’occupation permanente et sur de longues échelles
du temps d’un chantier. Enfin, dans une certaine mesure, elle
se distingue par sa rhétorique, laquelle repose en grande partie
sur la dénonciation des « grands projets inutiles et imposés ».
Auréolés de leur victoire dans l’abandon du projet d’aéroport
de Notre-Dame-des-Landes, les zadistes, mobiles et prêts à
s’investir dans d’autres conflits, pourraient être tentés d’occuper
de nouveaux sites. Et pourquoi pas à Bure dans la Meuse où
l’Andra mûrit le projet Cigéo ?
Rosatom : un partenaire
pour la filière nucléaire française ?
Authors:   La rédaction
Published: March 2018

Le consortium russe rosatom est devenu un acteur incontournable
de la filière nucléaire à l’international. Il annonce un carnet de commandes
important : 33 réacteurs nucléaires répartis dans douze pays du monde, hors
russie. Concurrent de la filière française sur certains projets export,
le géant russe est également un partenaire important pour les entreprises
françaises avec lesquelles il souhaite renforcer ses liens.
Down By The Seaside
Authors: Holzhauer Peter
Published: March 2018

… see the boats go sailin’. Dieses maritime und akustisch einfühlsame, aber auch mahnende Stimmungsbild, das Led Zeppelin 1975 auf ihrem Album Physical Graffiti veröffentlichte, könnten wir durchaus in die heutige Zeit nach Warnemünde, an den Alten Strom, die beliebte Hafenpromenade, transponieren. Auch hier finden wir wie im Song, geschäftiges Treiben der Touristen, vor dem Hintergrund der eindrucksvollen Idylle der Ostsee.
Retinale Ziliopathien
Authors: Gerth-Kahlert Christina , Koller Samuel
Published: March 2018

Ziliopathien umfassen Erkrankungen und Fehlbildungen einzelner oder mehrerer Organe. Isolierte oder syndromale progressive Netzhautdystrophien stellen die häufigste okuläre Manifestation der Ziliopathien dar. Hierbei ist insbesondere die Struktur der Photorezeptoren mit dem Verbindungscilium (connecting cilium) bedeutend. Durch die dysfunktionalen Zilien besteht eine meist schwere Form der Netzhautdystrophie, der Leberʼschen kongenitalen Amaurose (LCA). Die häufigsten syndromalen Ziliopathien mit okulärer Manifestation sind das Bardet-Biedl-Syndrom (BBS) und das Usher-Syndrom. Die molekulargenetischen Analysen wiesen bisher eine Vielzahl von Genen für ziliäre Proteine nach. Mutationen in diesen Genen sind mit einer klinischen Heterogenität verbunden. Die Diagnose einer LCA oder einer Netzhautdystrophie im Kindesalter sollte immer eine multidisziplinäre Untersuchung und Betreuung einschließen. Eine kausale Therapie der Ziliopathien befindet sich in einem erfolgversprechenden Anfangsstadium, sodass zum jetzigen Zeitpunkt nur unterstützende und rehabilitierende Maßnahmen zur Verfügung stehen.
Multizentrische Analyse des Nutzerverhaltens von
Cochlea-Implantat-Trägern
Authors: Oberhoffner Tobias , Hoppe Ulrich , Hey Matthias , Hecker Dietmar , Bagus Heike , Voigt Peter , Schicktanz Silvia , Braun Astrid , Hocke Thomas
Published: March 2018

Zusammenfassung Neuartige Cochlear-Implant-Sprachprozessoren bieten die
Möglichkeit der Speicherung von Nutzungsdaten (Datalogging). Mit Hilfe dieser
Informationen kann eine gezieltere individuelle Betreuung von Patienten
ermöglicht werden. Allerdings fehlen bisher Normdaten in größerem Umfang zum
individuellen Nutzungsverhalten.

Material und Methoden Im Rahmen einer retrospektiven Studie wurden die
Nutzungsdaten von 2687 Patienten ausgewertet. Alle Patienten waren mit dem
Nucleus 6-System der Firma Cochlear Ltd. versorgt.

Ergebnisse Die Daten ermöglichen für die Nutzungsdauer bzw. Tragedauern
von Cochlear-Implant-Sprachprozessoren einen Normalbereich festzulegen. Ebenso
ist die Identifikation von auffälligem Nutzungsverhalten möglich.