bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Engineering a cleavable disulfide bond into a natural product siderophore using precursor-directed biosynthesis
Authors: Richardson-Sanchez Tomas , Codd Rachel
Published: August 2018

An analogue of the bacterial siderophore desferrioxamine B (DFOB) containing a disulfide motif in the backbone was produced from Streptomyces pilosus cultures supplemented with cystamine.
Biotin-tagged fluorescent sensor to visualize ‘mobile’ Zn2+ in cancer cells
Authors: Fang Le , Trigiante Giuseppe , Kousseff Christina J. , Crespo-Otero Rachel , Philpott Michael P. , Watkinson Michael
Published: August 2018

A biotin-tagged fluorescent sensor was developed to image Zn2+ in cancer cells specifically, which showed no entry to normal cells.
Two-component supramolecular metallogels with the presence of Pt–Pt metal–metal interactions
Authors: Gao Zongchun , Korevaar Peter A. , Zhong Ruolei , Wu Zehong , Wang Feng
Published: August 2018

Two-component supramolecular metallogels have been successfully constructed with the involvement of heteromeric Pt(ii)⋯Pt(ii) metal–metal interactions, which display low-energy emissions in the near-infrared region.
Elucidation of the inverse trans influence in uranyl and its imido and carbene analogues via quantum chemical simulation
Authors: Fryer-Kanssen Izaak , Kerridge Andy
Published: August 2018

The inverse trans influence is quantified in uranyl and its analogues via analysis of quantum chemically-derived electron density distributions.
Efficient extraction of inorganic selenium from water by a Zr metal–organic framework: investigation of volumetric uptake capacity and binding motifs
Authors: Drout Riki J. , Howarth Ashlee J. , Otake Ken-ichi , Islamoglu Timur , Farha Omar K.
Published: August 2018

MOF-808 displays enhanced gravimetric and volumetric uptake capacities for selenium oxyanions and the binding motifs are crystallographically characterized.
Dimethylamine substituted bisbenzocoumarins: solvatochromic, mechanochromic and acidochromic properties
Authors: Chen Shaojin , Liu Wei , Ge Zhaohai , Zhang Wenxuan , Wang Kun-Peng , Hu Zhi-Qiang
Published: August 2018

Highly fluorescent emissive dimethylamine substituted bisbenzocoumarins (DB-Cns) show reversible fluorescence color changes under mechanical force stimuli and acidochromic properties.
Role of hydrogen bonding in cocrystals and coamorphous solids: indapamide as a case study
Authors: Allu Suryanarayana , Suresh Kuthuru , Bolla Geetha , Mannava M. K. Chaitanya , Nangia Ashwini
Published: August 2018

Crystalline and amorphous stable binary compounds of indapamide for high solubility and permeability.
Interplay of entropy and enthalpy in peptide binding to zwitterionic phospholipid membranes as revealed from membrane thinning
Authors: Su Chun-Jen , Lee Ming-Tao , Liao Kuei-Fen , Shih Orion , Jeng U-Ser
Published: August 2018

Melittin binding affinity enhances linearly with the membrane thermal thinning rate of the three phosphocholine-based ULVs of diCn:1PC.
Fragmentation of chlorpyrifos by thermal electron attachment: a likely relation to its metabolism and toxicity
Authors: Pshenichnyuk Stanislav A. , Modelli Alberto , Vorob’ev Alexander S. , Asfandiarov Nail L. , Nafikova Ekaterina P. , Rakhmeyev Rustam G. , Galeev Rustem V. , Komolov Alexei S.
Published: August 2018

The energies of formation and dissociative decays of temporary negative ions of the organophosphorus insecticide chlorpyrifos are studied using electron transmission, dissociative electron attachment spectroscopies and quantum-chemical calculations.
Reduced dielectric loss in new colossal permittivity (Pr, Nb)TiO2 ceramics by suppressing adverse effects of secondary phases
Authors: Liu Zhuang , Zhao Chunlin , Wu Bo , Wu Jiagang
Published: August 2018

Here, we develop new colossal permittivity (CP) (Pr0.5Nb0.5)xTi1−xO2 ceramics by controlling the secondary phases, and then both colossal permittivity (εr = 6–8 × 104, 1 kHz) and low dielectric loss (tan δ = 3.7–7.5%, 1 kHz) can be realized in a wide composition range (x = 0.5–2.5%).
Resolving the halogen vs. hydrogen bonding dichotomy in solutions: intermolecular complexes of trihalomethanes with halide and pseudohalide anions
Authors: Watson Brandon , Grounds Olivia , Borley William , Rosokha Sergiy V.
Published: August 2018

Simultaneous (multivariable) treatments of UV-vis and NMR data yielded formation constants of halogen- and hydrogen-bonded complexes coexisting in solutions.
Photodissociation of CH2BrI using cavity ring-down spectroscopy: in search of a BrI elimination channel
Authors: Muthiah Balaganesh , Paredes-Roibás Denís , Kasai Toshio , Lin King-Chuen
Published: August 2018

Photodissociation of CH2BrI was investigated in search of unimolecular elimination of BrI via a primary channel using cavity ring-down absorption spectroscopy (CRDS) at 248 nm.
An excited-state Wolff rearrangement reaction of 5-diazo Meldrum's acid: anab initioon-the-fly nonadiabatic dynamics simulation
Authors: Xu Chao , Gu Feng Long , Zhu Chaoyuan
Published: August 2018

WR reaction pathways are probed as concerted synchronous, ground- and ground-state stepwise, and excited- and ground-state stepwise.
First acid ionization constant of the drinking water relevant chemical cyanuric acid from 5 to 35 °C
Authors: Wahman David G.
Published: August 2018

The first acid ionization constant (K6) for cyanuric acid was determined from 5 to 35 °C whereorand ΔH° = 33.4 ± 1.7 kJ mol−1.
Ionic liquids for the preparation of biopolymer materials for drug/gene delivery: a review
Authors: Chen Jin , Xie Fengwei , Li Xiaoxi , Chen Ling
Published: August 2018

Ionic liquids present huge potential in the fabrication of biopolymer-based pharmaceutical materials for accurately controlled drug/gene delivery.
Sustainable strategies for large-scale nanotechnology manufacturing in the biomedical field
Authors: Falsini S. , Bardi U. , Abou-Hassan A. , Ristori S.
Published: August 2018

Sustainable strategies for nanomedicine manufacture from the cradle to the grave.
Combustion generated nanomaterials: online characterization via an ICP-MS based technique. Part I: calibration strategy with a TGA
Authors: Foppiano D. , Tarik M. , Gubler Müller E. , Ludwig C.
Published: August 2018

Quantification strategy for combustion generated nanomaterials.
Combustion generated nanomaterials: online characterization via an ICP-MS based technique. Part II: resolving power for heterogeneous matrices
Authors: Foppiano D. , Tarik M. , Gubler Müller E. , Ludwig C.
Published: August 2018

Elemental detection with high resolving power in the total particle size distribution.
Internal standard evaluation for bioimaging soybean leaves through laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry: a plant nanotechnology approach
Authors: Chacón-Madrid Katherine , Zezzi Arruda Marco Aurélio
Published: August 2018

This work evaluates the use of an internal standard for acquiring the elemental mapping of 107Ag, 55Mn and 63Cu using laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry in the imaging mode from soybean leaves cultivated in the absence or in the presence of silver nanoparticles (40 nm average size) and also using silver nitrate for comparative purposes.
A system to monitor statin-induced myopathy in individual engineered skeletal muscle myobundles
Authors: Zhang Xu , Hong Sungmin , Yen Ringo , Kondash Megan , Fernandez Cristina E. , Truskey George A.
Published: August 2018

Microphysiological tissue engineering models of human skeletal muscle (myobundles) in series with a calibrated elastic membrane provide a platform to investigate the mechanism of muscle diseases and to study the response to drugs and toxins in vitro.
Highly emissive host–guest based on nanoclay intercalated with an Eu3+ complex bearing a new Ru2+ organometallic ligand
Authors: Celedón Salvador , de Camargo Andrea S. S. , Fuentealba Mauricio , Artigas Vania , Benavente Eglantina , González Guillermo
Published: August 2018

An optical nanomaterial of bentonite clay with efficient red pure luminescence from a new europium(iii) complex based on an organometallic ruthenium(ii) cationic ligand.
Development of recyclable chiral macrocyclic metal complexes for asymmetric aminolysis of epoxides: application for the synthesis of an enantiopure oxazolidine ring
Authors: Tak Raj Kumar , Kumar Manish , Nazish Mohd , Menapara Tushar Kumar , Kureshy Rukhsana I. , Khan Noor-ul H.
Published: August 2018

Macrocyclic Cr(iii)-salen complexes were synthesized for the ring opening reaction of various epoxides with anilines to furnish the corresponding β-amino-α-hydroxyl esters and β-amino alcohols with excellent ee/yield upto 99/95%.
ISE-potentiometric sensor for the determination of zolmitriptan: applications in plasma, pharmaceutical formulation and in vitro release profile
Authors: Saad Ahmed S. , El-Ghobashy Mohamed R. , Ayish Nada S. , El-Zeany Badr A.
Published: August 2018

Six different sensors were fabricated and compared for the potentiometric determination of a widely used serotonin receptor agonist zolmitriptan (ZT), which is mainly used for the treatment of acute migraine attacks.
A naphthalimide based fast and selective fluorescent probe for hypochlorous acid/hypochlorite and its application for bioimaging
Authors: Lv Xin , Yuan Xia , Wang Yue , Guo Wei
Published: August 2018

A reversible and mitochondria targetable fluorescent probe (Nap-Se) bearing 1,8-naphthalimide and a selenomorpholine fragment was designed and synthesized.
A tetraphenylethene and maltoheptaose conjugate with aggregation-induced emission (AIE) characteristic for temperature sensors
Authors: Hao Jie , Lv Wen Yi , Li Chang Ming , Wang Bin , Xu Li Qun
Published: August 2018

An amphiphilic maltoheptaose–tetraphenylethene conjugate exhibits an AIE effect in an aqueous medium and its fluorescence properties show temperature-dependent behavior.
Preparation of pyridyltriazole ruthenium complexes as effective catalysts for the selective alkylation and one-pot C–H hydroxylation of 2-oxindole with alcohols and mechanism exploration
Authors: Wu Qiang , Pan Le , Du Guangming , Zhang Chi , Wang Dawei
Published: August 2018

Pyridyltriazole-ligated ruthenium(ii) complexes have been designed and synthesized, which were characterized by X-ray crystallography.
Patient, Parent, and Speech-Language Pathologists' Perceptions of Pediatric Voice Therapy Through Interviews
Authors: Braden Maia N. , van Leer Eva , McConville Katherine , Blakeslee Sarah D. M.
Published: August 2018

Purpose

Voice therapy is heavily reliant on patient adherence for success, and patient perceptions are an important piece of understanding adherence. Patient perceptions of voice therapy have not been studied in the pediatric population. The purpose of this study was to examine patient, parent, and speech-language pathologists' experiences and perceptions of voice therapy and how they reflect barriers to and facilitators of adherence to therapy.

Method

Participants took part in semistructured interviews, which were transcribed, and content analysis was completed using established qualitative methods of content analysis to identify themes and subthemes related to voice therapy adherence.

Participants

Thirty-four voice therapy patients (of ages 4–18) and their parents and 5 pediatric speech-language pathologists were included in the study.

Results

Seven primary themes with multiple subthemes were identified. The primary themes identified were as follows: (a) voice therapy is fun, (b) voice therapy is easy, (c) voice therapy is worthwhile, (d) the clinician–patient match matters, (e) support systems are helpful, (f) fitting it in, and (g) changing behavior is hard.

Conclusions

Adherence to voice therapy in pediatric populations is complex and depends on multiple intrinsic and extrinsic factors. Identification of themes related to adherence in voice therapy should serve to assist clinicians in planning therapy and in developing treatment programs.
Analysis of low‐correlated spatial gene expression patterns: a clustering approach in the mouse brain data hosted in the Allen Brain Atlas
Authors: Rosati Paolo , Lupaşcu Carmen A. , Tegolo Domenico
Published: August 2018

The Allen Brain Atlas (ABA) provides a similar gene expression dataset by genome‐scale mapping of the C57BL/6J mouse brain. In this study, the authors describe a method to extract the spatial information of gene expression patterns across a set of 1047 genes. The genes were chosen from among the 4104 genes having the lowest Pearson correlation coefficient used to compare the expression patterns across voxels in a single hemisphere for available coronal and sagittal volumes. The set of genes analysed in this study is the one discarded in the article by Bohland et al., which was considered to be of a lower consistency, not a reliable dataset. Following a normalisation task with a global and local approach, voxels were clustered using hierarchical and partitioning clustering techniques. Cluster analysis and a validation method based on entropy and purity were performed. They analyse the resulting clusters of the mouse brain for different number of groups and compared them with a classically‐defined anatomical reference atlas. The high degree of correspondence between clusters and anatomical regions highlights how gene expression patterns with a low Pearson correlation coefficient between sagittal and coronal sections can accurately identify different neuroanatomical regions.
Selection of fiber orientation around geometric discontinuities in designing against failure of GFRP laminates
Authors: Fragoudakis Roselita
Published: August 2018

Determining fiber orientation around geometric discontinuities is challenging and simultaneously crucial when designing laminates against failure. This study presents an approach for selecting the fiber orientations in the vicinity of a geometric discontinuity. Maximum stresses in the discontinuity region are calculated using Classical Lamination Theory and the stress concentration factor. The use of the Tsai-Hill and Tsai-Wu failure theories estimate the minimum moment to cause failure in a lamina. Fiber orientations around the discontinuity are obtained using the Tsa-Hill failure theory.
Multiscale simulation of fullerene reinforced composite structures: From molecular dynamics to finite element continuum mechanics
Authors: Giannopoulos Georgios I. , Georgantzinos Stylianos K. , Tsiamaki Androniki S. , Anifantis Nick K.
Published: August 2018

The aim of the present study is to propose a multiscale computational technique for the prediction of the elastic mechanical properties of nanoreinforced composites. The proposed method utilizes a molecular dynamics (MD) based numerical scheme to capture the mechanical behaviour of the nanocomposite at nanoscale and then a classical continuum mechanics (CM) analysis based on the finite element method (FEM) to characterise the microscopic performance of the nanofilled composite material. The material under investigation is polyamide 12 (PA 12) randomly reinforced with fullerenes C60. At the first stage of the analysis, in order to capture the atomistic interfacial effects between C60 and PA 12, a very small cubic unit cell containing a C60 molecule, centrally positioned and surrounded by PA 12 molecular chains, is simulated via MD. Inter- and intra-molecular atomic interactions are described by using the Condensed Phase Optimized Molecular Potential for Atomistic Simulation Studies (COMPASS). According to the elastic properties data arisen by the MD simulations, an equivalent finite element volume with the same size as the unit cell is developed. At the second stage, a CM micromechanical representative volume element (RVE) of the C60 reinforced PA 12 is developed via FEM. The matrix phase of the RVE is discretised by using solid finite elements which represent the PA 12 mechanical behaviour while each C60 location is meshed with equivalent solid finite elements. Several multiscale simulations are performed to study the effect of the nanofiller volume fraction on the mechanical properties of the C60 reinforced PA 12 composite. Comparisons with other corresponding experimental results are attempted, where possible, to test the performance of the proposed method.
Synergetic effects of carbon nanotube-graphene nanoplatelet hybrids in carbon fibre reinforced polymer composites
Authors: Silva Magda , Vale Diogo , Rocha Jéssica , Rocha Nuno , Santos Raquel Miriam
Published: August 2018

Hybrid filler systems of carbon-based nanoparticles with different geometry shapes, one-dimensional (1D-) carbon nanotubes (CNTs) and two-dimensional (2D-) graphene nanoplatelets (GnPs), were dispersed into epoxy matrix, using an intensive mixer, to evaluate their promising synergistic effects. In this work, the influence of different CNT/GnP ratios on the dispersion level, electrical and mechanical performance of epoxy-based nanocomposites was investigated. It was found that the size and number of GnP agglomerates are significantly reduced with the incorporation of CNTs, due to the formation of a co-supporting three-dimensional (3D-) architecture that delays re-agglomeration of the nanoplatelets. The combination of CNTs and GnPs, at an overall concentration of 0.043 wt. %, synergistically increase the mechanical performance and reduce the electrical percolation threshold of nanocomposites comparatively to the single filled systems. The transversal tensile properties, including elastic modulus – E2 and failure strength – Yt, of carbon fibre reinforced polymer (CFRP) composites were studied and synergetic effects were also found when combining CNTs with GnPs.
Nanocomposites for new Functionalities in Multiscale Composites
Authors: Volponi Ruggero , De Nicola Felice , Spena Paola
Published: August 2018

This work describes the developing of multiscale composites with inherent health monitoring functionality. Nanotubes tend to form electrically conductive networks when embedded even at low concentrations in traditional insulating polymers. By dispersing nanotubes it is possible to obtain a class of polymers that show a piezoresistive behavior. By using that kind of piezoresistive polymer as matrix in fiber reinforced composites, it is possible to develop multiscale composites with an inherent health monitoring functionality. Two different approaches have been developed to obtain a multiscale composite able to monitor the tensional states of composites. In a first manner has been used a thermosetting resin filled with a mixture of nanotubes and graphene and a specific method has been developed to impregnate carbon fiber fabrics with that nanocharged resin. A second idea was to insert a thermoplastic nanocharged thin film into a glass fiber reinforced composites.
In situ mechanical and electrical characterization of composite-integrated thin film-supercapacitors
Authors: Petersen Jan , Geier Sebastian , Wierach Peter , Wiedemann Martin
Published: August 2018

Future transport systems will be powered more and more electrically. Generally the energy is stored in batteries. To reduce system weight and volume, multifunctional materials could be the answer. Therefore materials with the capability to store electric energy and to bear mechanical loads, need to be investigated to understand the effect of mechanical load on such structural integrated energy storage devices. In this work a thin film-supercapacitor is build up and integrated within a composite structure. The capacitor is developed to withstand the manufacturing process of a glass-fibre reinforced polymer and to carry mechanical loads, while simultaneously storing electrical energy. By using a supercapacitor housing, which is compatible to epoxy resin, a strong bonding is achieved, leading to a mechanical robust multifunctional composite. An electrolyte with large temperature window, low vapour pressure and the compatibility to a carbon based electrodes is chosen, to meet the requirement regarding the manufacturing process of the supercapacitor itself and the fibre reinforced composite. The composites with integrated thin film-supercapacitor as well as a set of reference samples are mechanically characterised in tensile and four-point bending test. In situ measurements are performed to investigate the influence of mechanical load on the electrical performance.
Thickness Effect Analysis on Fatigue Crack Propagation of 7475 Plate Material under Variable Amplitude Loading
Authors: Šedek Jakub , Růžek Roman
Published: August 2018

In the crack growth prediction models, the effect of variable amplitude loading is taken into account by different ways. One of them the Newman’s model is used very often, but in its original form it is not able to take into account the effect of specimen thickness. The new modification which involves the specimen thickness is presented. The study of variable thickness impact is based on the FE – analysis of M(T) specimen. The variability of constrained factor α was analysed for several load levels and specimen thicknesses. The value of α is governed by the ratio of thickness B versus plastic zone size rp. The effect of overloads on the plastic zone and relevant constraint factor value is analysed as well. During loading, it was found, that the constraint factor value is lower after overloads than when creating monotonic plastic deformation on the same load level in a large part of the cycle. The influence of thickness effect based on different α value after overload was successfully implemented into the strip yield model. Simulation of crack growth taking into account the thickness of the specimen under variable amplitude loading shows similar behaviour like the experimental data.
Influence of strain rate on ductile versus brittle fracture for ductile cast iron EN-GJS-500-14 in V-notch three-point bending tests
Authors: Ahmad Maqsood , Lindkvist Joachim , Andersson Magnus
Published: August 2018

Three point bending tests on V-notched specimens machined from a component cast in EN-GJS 500-14 nodular iron solid solution strengthened by silicon have been carried out. The 3P bending tests were performed at different stroke speeds (10-3 ~ 102 mm/s). The resulting strain rates at the V notch varied in the range of 1·10-4 ~ 5,8 s-1. The fracture surface of 3P bending tests was quantified in terms of ductile and brittle fracture using Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM). EN-GJS 500-14 has an increased brittle behavior with increasing strain rate. Predominately ductile fracture was observed for the strain rates 1·10-4~4·10-2S-1. . At the strain rate of about 1 s-1 more significant change in ductile to brittle fracture is seen. The 3P bending tests at -15°C showed predominately brittle fracture for the strain rates investigated 3,6·10-2 ~ 2,3 s-1.
Ageing effect on the creep performance of simulated weld HAZ for the steels X20 and P91
Authors: Kafexhiu Fevzi , Podgornik Bojan , Vodopivec Franc
Published: August 2018

Changes in size- and spatial distribution of precipitates and their effect on stationary creep rate of two grades of creep-resistant 9-12% Cr steels, X20 and P91, as a function of ageing at two different conditions were investigated. Ageing of both steels was performed at 650°C lasting up to 2 years and at 750°C lasting up to 6 months. Prior to the ageing, simulation of two weld heat-affected zone HAZ regions, i.e., coarsegrained microstructure (γ), and grain-refined microstructure (α+γ) was performed. Accelerated creep tests at 580°C and 170 MPa, lasting up to 100 hours were performed on the above microstructures prior to- and after the ageing. In addition, optical and SEM imaging were performed on metallographic specimens, followed by image analysis. Deterioration of the creep performance show a proportional behaviour with the precipitate coarsening, which is more pronounced after the ageing at 750°C. Comparatively, the increase of the stationary creep rate after the ageing at 650°C was more pronounced in the steel X20 than in the P91. In both steels and both tempering temperatures, the most troublesome region with respect to the creep behaviour was observed to be the simulated intercritical (α+γ) HAZ microstructure.
Copper tubing failure due to ant-nest corrosion
Authors: Vazdirvanidis Athanasios , Papadopoulou Sofia , Papaefthymiou Spyros , Pantazopoulos George , Skarmoutsos Dionysios
Published: August 2018

Ant-nest corrosion is a type of premature and localized failure, which is observed in Cu tubes used mainly in air-conditioning and heat exchanger units, induced by the presence of organic matter. Leakage takes place within a short period of time after unit installation and frequently causes pipeline and equipment damage accompanied with loss of refrigerant liquid. In the present paper, case histories concerning such type of insidious corrosion phenomena are presented. Metallographic examination on cross-sections revealed that a particular pitting corrosion mechanism is activated, driving to a tunnelling-type “tortuous” pit propagation, causing rapid metal tube perforation and leakage.
The use of approximate methods of seismic assessment of structures
Authors: Basdeki Maria , Drakakaki Argyro , Apostolopoulos Charis
Published: August 2018

Greece is an earthquake prone area, which is also exposed to coastal environment. Most existing buildings present common characteristics, concerning quality of the materials and environmental conditions [1].The vulnerability of these structures is exteriorized under powerful seismic loads. This is because they were designed, according to older regulations, primarily to bear vertical loads and secondarily to bear horizontal loads, an indicative sign of the absence of anti-seismic design. Designing and evaluation of the seismic performance of existing structures is a really complex issue, because structural degradation phenomenon is related to both corrosion damage of steel reinforcement on RC structures and high vulnerability of masonry. Precisely, the inadequate seismic performance of masonry structures, which is recorded under intense earthquakes, is attributed to the characteristics of masonry and to the ageing phenomena of the materials. For the seismic inspection of masonry structures, both EC2 and OASP can be used [3], although there is often a great misunderstanding concerning the range of the maximum permissible interventions, the financial inability and modern perceptions of redesigning [2]. On the other hand, in the case of RC structures, there is no prediction –concerning the corrosion factor- included in the international regulations and standards. In the current study is presented an experimental procedure, concerning a RC column before and after corrosion. An estimation concerning the drop of its mechanical performance has taken place, indicating the importance of the corrosion factor. Additionally, an existing monumental masonry tower building, was subjected to seismic evaluation [4]. Both OASP and EC2 inspection methods were used. The results pointed out that, for medium–intensity earthquakes, both analytical and approximate methods are respectable and reliable.
Fatigue assessment of semi-circular notched specimens produced by Laser Engineered Net Shaping method
Authors: Razavi Nima , Bordonaro Giancarlo , Ferro Paolo , Berto Filippo
Published: August 2018

As a primary failure mechanism, fatigue failure of additively manufactured metallic parts has attracted considerable attention in both aerospace and biomedical applications. According to some specific design requirements, the majority of engineering components and structures contain notches of different shapes. Due to the intensive stresses around the notches, they are prone to crack nucleation. In this research, LENS (Laser Engineered Net Shaping) technology is used to fabricate Ti-6Al-4V semi-circular notched specimens. The fatigue analyses were performed to contribute to the fundamental understanding of the mechanical/cracking behaviour of additively manufactured LENS Ti-6Al-4V specimens weakened by semi-circular notches and subject to fatigue loading.
Investigating the wind parks location impact on the failure rate of contemporary wind turbines
Authors: Georgoulopoulos Panagiotis , Kaldellis Aggelos , Kaldellis John K.
Published: August 2018

Wind energy is currently an established electricity production option worldwide, contributing to the reduction of environmental pollution and CO2 emissions. Actually, during the last twenty years a considerable installed wind power increase has been encountered, thus the up to date installed wind power approaches 550GWe. The situation in Greece is fairly well since the current wind power in operation is approximately 2700MWe. As it is well established, the reliability of the wind turbines influences both the energy production and the maintenance and operation cost of commercial wind parks. As a result, the operational period of the machine is reduced, while additional expenses are needed in order to face the downtime causes. In the present work operational data of an important number of wind parks located in Greece have been analyzed. Moreover, emphasis is given on the impact that the wind parks' location has on the failures of commercial wind turbines. For this purpose real world data concerning similar wind parks, based on the same type of wind turbines, located on the mainland, on the islands or near the sea have been collected and analyzed. According to the data gathered one may compare the different failure patterns of contemporary commercial wind turbines operating for up to ten years all around Greece.
Hydrogen Induced Crack Development in Submerged Arc Welded Steel Pipes
Authors: Bouzouni Marianthi , Gavalas Evangelos , Chatzigeorgiou Filippos , Papaefthymiou Spyros
Published: August 2018

The current work examines hydrogen sensitivity in different pipeline steels (X65, X70 and X80 HSLA grades) from four productions. Hydrogen Induced Cracking (HIC) experiments were performed and then the welds were characterized via optical and scanning electron microscopy techniques. The optical micrographs revealed cracks only in one of the four welds. Transverse cracks were found along bainitic-ferrite/carbide islands within the heat affected zone and the base metal of production B. Found inclusions e.g. MnS inside the cracks acted as initiation points for the HIC. However, the weld zones in all productions consisting of acicular ferrite and grain boundary ferrite were found to be resistant in hydrogen embrittlement. Therefore, the presence of bainitic ferrite with carbides at the grain boundaries in the microstructures and the intense presence of MnS inclusions caused HIC in pipeline steel from production B. The manufacturing process, the forming and welding conditions in the examined case seem not to have negatively influenced the pipeline steel in terms of HIC.
Electromagnetic Analysis of Fuzzy Controlled Active Magnetic Bearings
Authors: Psonis Theodoros , Nikolakopoulos Pantelis G. , Mitronikas Epaminodas
Published: August 2018

The main objective of the current paper is to present the electromagnetic and thermal analysis of an AMB which is controlled by a non-linear controller, taking into account the weight of the rotor. The system consists of a rotor and two pairs of electromagnets, each one placed on the vertical and horizontal axis respectively. A Fuzzy PID controller [Fig. 2] is used to control a pair of electromagnets (vertical or horizontal axis) of the AMB system and the rotor. The magnetic field simulation has been implemented through the ANSYS software and the control settings have been simulated using MATLAB/SIMULINK software. The interaction between these two programs is presented throughout this study. In order to define the dynamic modelling of the overall system, it is considered that the rotating magnetic field of the motor does not affect the AMB. The coil of the magnetic bearings is fed by a controlled power source. As it has already been mentioned above, the non-linear control model is implemented through a Fuzzy PID Controller, while the system is disrupted by a white noise signal for the simulation of the disturbances taking place during normal operation.
Tensile and bend behaviour of nanostructured HVOF and flame sprayed stellite coatings
Authors: Koutsomichalis Angelos , Vardavoulias Michalis , Lontos Antonios , Vaxevanidis Nikolaos
Published: August 2018

Stellite 6 powder (CoCrSiW) was deposited using flame spray (FS) and high velocity oxygen fuel (HVOF) techniques on steel substrates. The microstructure of stellite coatings produced with these deposition techniques displayed a rather similar morphology consisting of cobalt-rich dendrites surrounded by hard (Cr3C7) carbide particles. The stellite (both FS and HVOF) coating was found to reduce the tensile strength of the steel. The failure of the coated steel specimens initiated by cracking on the coating surface, transverse propagation of the cracks towards the coating - substrate interface and diversion along the interface leading to local delamination and breakage. During the bend tests cracks developed along the coating and the main failure in the coating occurred due to the tensile-shear deformation, particularly in the coating-substrate material interface. The coating thickness does not appear to affect the bending strength. During bending the number of surface cracks per unit length decreased with increasing coating thickness. Stereoscopic analysis showed that the thicker the coating the deeper the surface cracks. When the critical stress for crack propagation reached defect sites at the substratecoating interface, the entire coating failed and peeled off from the substrate.
The effect of layer architecture on the tribological behaviour of coatings
Authors: Gümüs Serap , Polat Şeyda , Lackner Juergen M. , Waldhauser Wolfgang
Published: August 2018

PEEK is a medical grade material which is increasingly used instead of titanium in osteosynthesis and joint replacement. However, its surface properties of PEEKlack on an adequate osteoconductivity. In this study, two coatings with different architectures composed of Ti, Mg and Ag were prepared by physical vacuum deposition to be used in spinal implants. The mechanical durability of the coatings is investigated in terms of their tribological behaviour.
Towards a resilient health status assessment employing intelligence in cyber physical systems
Authors: Krizea Maria , Gialelis John , Panagiotou Christos , Koubias Stavros
Published: August 2018

Resilience is defined as the capacity of a system to cope with a hazardous event or disturbance, responding or reorganizing in ways that maintain its essential function, identity, and structure, while also maintaining the capacity for adaptation, learning and transformation. A resilient health system is one that is capable to anticipate, respond to, cope with, recover from and adapt to system-related shocks and stress, so as to bring sustained improvements in population health, despite the unstable circumstances. Nowadays, the emergency department (ED) of hospitals faces growing demands, rising acuteness and longer waiting times. An efficient, accurate and resilient triage system to improve the operation of the ED becomes crucial. In this work, a resilient system for automatic priority, sorting and monitoring of medical events -triage system- is developed, so that the patients in the ED are treated according to the severity of their condition and not by the order of attendance utilizing a Fuzzy Inference System (FIS) that aggregates, processes patients’ vital signs as well as determines their Health Status (HS), according to which the ED staff performs the appropriate classification.
A combined cyber and physical attack resilience scheme for Health Services Critical Infrastructure
Authors: Papalambrou Andreas , Gialelis John , Serpanos Dimitrios
Published: August 2018

This work focuses on proposing the basic components of a resilience scheme that can be used for the protection of Health Services Critical Infrastructure (HSCI) and the protection of its key assets based on combined protection against cyber and physical attacks.
Nonlinear optimal control for ship propulsion with the use of an induction motor and a drivetrain
Authors: Rigatos Gerasimos , Busawon Krishna , Serpanos Dimitrios , Siadimas Vasilios , Siano Pierluigi , Abbaszadeh Masoud
Published: August 2018

A nonlinear optimal (H-infinity) control method is proposed for an electric ship's propulsion system that consists of an induction motor, a drivetrain and a propeller. The control method relies on approximate linearization of the propulsion system's dynamic model using Taylor-series expansion and on the computation of the state-space description's Jacobian matrices. The linearization takes place around a temporary equilibrium which is recomputed at each time-step of the control method. For the approximately linearized model of the ship's propulsion system, an H-infinity (optimal) feedback controller is developed. For the computation of the controller's gains an algebraic Riccati equation is solved at each iteration of the control algorithm.The stability properties of the control method are proven through Lyapunov analysis,
An Open Source, Extensible Malware Analysis Platform
Authors: Michalopoulos P. , Ieronymakis V. , Khan M.T. , Serpanos D.
Published: August 2018

A malware (such as viruses, ransomware) is the main source of bringing serious security threats to the IT systems and their users now-adays. In order to protect the systems and their legitimate users from these threats, anti-malware applications are developed as a defense against malware. However, most of these applications detect malware based on signatures or heuristics that are still created manually and are error prune. Some recent applications employ data mining and machine learning techniques to detect malware automatically. However, such applications fail to classify them appropriately mainly because they suffer from high rate of false alarms on the one hand and being retrospective, fail to detect new unknown threats and variants of known malware on the other hand. Since anti-malware vendors receive a huge number of malware samples every day, there is an urgent need for malware analysis tools that can automatically detect malware rigorously, i.e. eliminating false alarms. To address these issues and challenges of current malware detection and analysis approaches, we propose a novel, open source and extensible platform (based on set of tools) that allows to combine various malware detection techniques to automatically detect/classify a malware more rigorously. The developed platform can be fed with malware samples from different providers and will enable the development of effective classification schemes and methods, which are not sufficiently effective without collaboration and the related sample aggregation. Furthermore, such collaborative platforms in cybersecurity enable efficient sharing of information (e.g., about new identified threats) to all collaborators and sharing of appropriate defences against them, if such defences exist.
UAV Cloud Operating System
Authors: Sobhy Ahmed Refaat , Khalil Abeer Twakol , Elfaham Mohamed M. , Hashad Atalla
Published: August 2018

Unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) which is a special case of mobile ad-hoc networks (MANETs) that attracts many researchers as it becomes a scope for both military and civilian applications. Also the trend of cloud computing when it is combined with UAV highlights this field of research in many aspects, but the most significant point of research is the operating system for the cloud. This paper investigates UAV cloud operating system showing the throughput (bits/Sec) for the system implemented when using both Windows and Linux operating systems in order to select the operating system used based on a real scientific results.
Viel heißer Dampf: das Cannabis-Hyperemesis-Syndrom
Authors: Gericke Maximilian , Hartmann Dirk
Published: August 2018

Anamnese Die stationäre Aufnahme des 43-jährigen Patienten erfolgte bei schwallartigem Erbrechen und Bauchschmerzen. Als Vorerkrankungen bestehen eine Depression und multiple Bandscheibenvorfälle. Ein Alkoholkonsum von drei Flaschen Bier täglich wird angegeben.

Untersuchung und Befunde Die klinische Untersuchung zeigte bis auf diffuse abdominelle Druckschmerzen keine weiteren Auffälligkeiten. Laborchemisch fiel bzw. fielen ein erhöhtes Serum-Kreatinin (205 µmol/l), eine Leukozytose (18,4^3/µl) und leicht erhöhte y-GT (2,3 µkat/l) auf. Stuhlkulturen, Abdomen-Sonografie und Ösophago-Gastroskopie zeigten keine wegweisenden Befunde.

Therapie und Verlauf Unter intravenöser Flüssigkeitsgabe normalisierten sich die Nierenretentionsparameter. Das Erbrechen persistierte trotz Gabe vom Metoclopramid und Dimenhydrinat, lediglich Lorazepam schien die Symptome zu lindern. Der Patient fiel durch ausgiebiges heißes Duschen auf. Auf Nachfrage gab der Patient einen Cannabisabusus an. Nach Gabe von 4 mg Haloperidol und Beendigung des Canabiskonsums sistierte das Erbrechen, die Entlassung konnte nach 6 Tagen erfolgen.

Folgerung Das Cannabis-Hyperemesis-Syndrom ist durch paradoxes Erbrechen, diffuse Bauchschmerzen und ausgiebiges Duschen gekennzeichnet. Bei typischer Symptomkonstellation sollte eine Drogenanamnese erfolgen. Die Kenntnis dieses Krankheitsbildes kann helfen, Überdiagnostik zu vermeiden.
Selbsthilfe – quo vadis?
Authors: Mund Annette
Published: August 2018

Was versteht man heute unter Selbsthilfe? Wie ist sie entstanden? Wie hat sie sich entwickelt? Wem nützt sie, wer profitiert von ihr? Die Bundesvorsitzende vom
Kindernetzwerk e. V., Annette Mund, hat den Weg der Selbsthilfe von den Anfängen bis heute verfolgt und sich Gedanken dazu gemacht, wohin die Selbsthilfe in
Zukunft steuern könnte – und sollte.
Kein Kind soll durchs Netz fallen
Authors: Absalon Susanne , Henkel Anja
Published: August 2018

Wer Familien im Kontext der Frühen Hilfen professionell versorgen will, kommt um Netzwerkarbeit nicht herum – zu viele Akteure und Einrichtungen sind
mittlerweile mit der Unterstützung von Familien betraut. In Bonn wird die Netzwerkarbeit von zwei freien Trägern koordiniert. Welche Aufgabenbereiche
dahinterstecken und wie es gelingt, Familien eine optimale Unterstützung anzubieten, zeigt der folgende Beitrag.
„Erhaltung und Förderung der Mobilität“ – Umsetzung des Expertenstandards
Authors: Berger Bianca
Published: August 2018

Mehr Mut zur Bewegung! Soll man alte Menschen zur Bewegung zwingen? Nein! Aber: Bewegung kann bis ins hohe Alter erhalten und gefördert werden, ist es doch ein zentrales Bedürfnis, um selbst zu bestimmen, mit wem ich zusammen sein will, wo ich mich aufhalte und welche Ziele ich im Alltag verfolge. Für Pflegende gilt es daher, Bewegungsanlässe zu identifizieren und mit dem Bewohner und den beteiligten Berufsgruppen abzustimmen und kontinuierlich durchzuführen.
Mobilisation durch therapeutisch aktivierende Pflege
Authors: Friedhoff Michaela , Jacobs Gabi
Published: August 2018

Auf den Füßen bleiben! Schon beim Bewegen im Bett hat die Pflegeperson zahlreiche Möglichkeiten, die Bewegungsfähigkeiten des Patienten zu fördern oder zu
erhalten. Werden bei jedem Bewegen des Patienten im Bett beide Beine aktivierend aufgestellt und der Patient motiviert, das Gesäß leicht anzuheben, trägt das
wesentlich zur Verbesserung des Bewegungsübergangs vom Sitzen zum Stehen bei. 1 Die Körperpflege in Seitenlage ist dabei eine
weitere sinnvolle Möglichkeit der Aktivierung der Kernstabilität und des Gleichgewichts sowie der Erhaltung von Muskellängen. Werden die Alltagsaktivitäten des
Patienten therapeutisch aktivierend gestaltet, können Muskellängen erhalten und damit die Selbstständigkeit des Patienten gefördert werden.
Belastungsinkontinenz nach operativer Therapie einer benignen Prostatahyperplasie: Konservative und operative Therapieoptionen
Authors: Kretschmer Alexander , Gratzke Christian
Published: August 2018

Eine dauerhafte Belastungsinkontinenz nach operativer Therapie einer gutartigen Prostatavergrößerung (BPH) tritt mit einer Inzidenz von circa 2,2 % auf, wobei die Inzidenz zwischen den verschiedenen Therapieoptionen deutlich variiert. Die Evidenz zur konservativen sowie operativen Therapie der Belastungsinkontinenz basiert in der Regel auf Studien an Patienten mit einer Postprostatektomie-Inkontinenz (PPI) oder auf kleinen Subkohorten aus großen Patientenkollektiven. Studien, die sich auf Patienten mit Belastungsinkontinenz nach operativer Therapie einer BPH fokussieren, bilden die Ausnahme. Anhand der aktuellen Evidenz ist davon auszugehen, dass Beckenbodentraining, adjustierbare Schlingensysteme und artifizielle Sphinkter wirksame Therapieoptionen darstellen, während nach Implantation einer retrourethralen transobturatorischen Suspensionsschlinge mit niedrigeren Erfolgsraten gegenüber der PPI auszugehen ist.
Optimization of Olive Oil-Based Nanoemulsion Preparation for Intravenous Drug Delivery
Authors: Karami Zahra , Khoshkam Maryam , Hamidi Mehrdad
Published: August 2018

A seven-factor Box-Behnken design was used for the optimized development of an olive oil-based nanoemulsion (NE) intended for intravenous drug delivery. The independent variables of olive oil concentration, tween 80 concentration, span 80 concentration, rate of adding of oil in aqueous phase, homogenization speed, homogenization time, and preparation temperature, were used as inputs of the factorial design. The response variables were mean droplet diameter, zeta potential (ZP), and polydispersity index (PDI). A quadratic, linear and 2FI model was established to predict the responses based on the multivariate model developed. The obtained experimental responses were in good agreement with predicted values from expert design, showing residual standard error (RSE) less than 10 %. TEM revealed that the optimized nanoemulsions were almost spherical with mean diameter about 40 nm. The developed formulation showed only about 4.6% of hemolysis and was safe for intravenous delivery. As well, the other in vitro characterization of the optimal nanoemulsion such as viscosity, percent transmittance, physical stability, and solubility study revealed it to be promising as an intravenous drug delivery system.
History of Chemical Routes towards Cyclic Non-Enzymatic Oxygenated Metabolites of Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids
Authors: Oger Camille , Cuyamendous Claire , de la Torre Aurélien , Candy Mathieu , Guy Alexandre , Bultel-Poncé Valérie , Durand Thierry , Galano Jean-Marie
Published: August 2018

Enzymatically formed oxygenated metabolites of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) are of great interest for the scientific community being mediators and biomarkers in the physiological and pathological regulation of many key biological processes. More recently; metabolites of PUFA formed through a non-enzymatic free radical pathway have gained interest in diseases linked with oxidative stress. Thus, synthetic strategies leading to the total synthesis of such metabolites are an essential field of research, and this review will cover a structural presentation, will discuss their biological interests, and present total syntheses reported between 2008 and 2017.

1 Introduction

2 Non-Enzymatic Metabolites of PUFAs

2.1 Where Do They Come From?

2.2 Why Are They Interesting Metabolites?

2.3 A Huge Family of Natural Compounds

2.3.1 Presentation of All Families

2.3.1.1 Isoprostanoids

2.3.1.2 Isofuranoids

2.3.1.3 Isoketals

2.3.2 Nomenclature of These Metabolites

2.3.2.1 Isoprostanoids

2.3.2.2 Isofuranoids

2.3.2.3 Isoketals

3 Total Synthesis Strategies

3.1 Isoprostanoids

3.2 Isofuranoids

3.3 Isoketals

4 The Discoveries Behind the Synthesis

4.1 Recent Identification and Biomarkers Roles of Isoprostanes and
Isofuranes

4.2 Biological Properties

4.2.1 Phytoprostanes, Isoprostanes, and Neuroprostanes

4.2.2 Epoxy-isoprostanes

5 Conclusion
Direct Oxytosylation of 8-Amidoquinolines by Koser’s Reagent: An Efficient Strategy for 5-Substituted 8-Amidoquinolines
Authors: Reddy Basireddy , Begum Zubeda , Bhavani G. , Sridhar B.
Published: August 2018

A metal-free remote oxytosylation of 8-amidoquinolines has been achieved using Koser’s reagent to produce 5-tosyloxy-8-amidoquinolines in good yields. This method is compatible with various functional groups present on the aromatic ring.