bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Etiology and prognosis of childhood pseudotumor cerebri syndrome: A retrospective single center study from Turkey
Authors: Güven Deni̇z , Ardıçlı Didem , Sarıcı Dilek
Published: July 2022

Objective: This study aim to investigate children who were diagnosed with pseudotumor cerebri (PTC) from a tertiary hospital in Turkey.
Methods: This was a retrospective study based on medical records of 16 children diagnosed with PTC. All patients were followed up in the Pediatric Neurology Department of Keçiören Training and Research Hospital, between 2017 and 2021. Clinical and laboratory features of patients were reviewed.
Results: Among the 16 patients diagnosed with pseudotumor cerebri, 50% were girls and 50% boys. The mean age at the disease onset was 12± 3.8 years (range: 4-17 years). Eleven patients (68.8%) were in the pubertal period and, five (31.3%) of them were in pre-pubertal period. Five patients (31.3%) were diagnosed with primary and eleven (68.8%) patients with secondary PTC. Underlying etiologies were obesity (37.5%), sinusitis (37.5%), and systemic lupus erythematosus (6.3%). Laboratory findings revealed vitamin D deficiency (68.8%); vitamin B12 deficiency (25%), iron deficiency anemia (12.5%), and vitamin A deficiency (6.3%). The most common symptoms were headache (93.8%), nausea and vomiting (25%), blurred vision (18.8%), photophobia (18.8%). All patients had bilateral papilledema. Four children were asymptomatic with papilledema detected incidentally on routine eye examination. Nine patients received medical treatment. Acetazolamide was the most prescribed medication (56%). Only one patient with epilepsy had combined treatment with topiramate, acetazolamide and then lumboperitoneal shunt. All patients responded to treatment with full recovery.
Conclusion: PTC is not rare in children, most were pubertal, and a quarter were asymptomatic diagnosed in routine fundus examination.
Effect of Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) on altered conscious patients after traumatic brain injury & cerebrovascular accident: A randomized clinical control trial
Authors: Kumar Raj , Yadav Ramakant , Prajapati Hanuman Prasad , Kumar Suraj , Potturi GowriShankar , Sharma Rahul
Published: July 2022

Background & Objective: Traumatic brain injury and cerebrovascular accidents can result in altered levels of consciousness. This study is aimed at finding the effect of transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) on the level of consciousness in these patients.
Methods: A total of 100 patients admitted to the neurological ICU of the hospital were screened and 40 subjects after satisfying inclusion criteria were recruited within the first one to two weeks of injury. They were randomly divided into two groups after written consent from a caretaker, Group A (experimental) (n=20) and Group B (control) (n=20) by computerized randomization. Group A received Anodal tDCS to the motor area (C3/C4 ipsilesional), sensory area (P3/P4 ipsilesional) and left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (F3) according to the 10/20 EEG montage for two sessions of 20min/day for 7 consecutive days and routine physiotherapy. Group B only received routine physiotherapy similar to Group A. Glasgow coma scale (GCS) and Rancho Los Amigos scale (RLAS) was taken pre and post- intervention to assess the level of consciousness.
Results: The pretest and post- test GCS and RLAS scores in groups A and B showed statistical significance at p<0.01. The differences of mean GCS and RLAS between pretest and posttest in group A showed better improvement than that of group B. The results were statistically significant at p<0.01. The effect size was large, calculated by Cohen’s d.
Conclusion: The tDCS can be effective in improving GCS and RLAS in altered consciousness patients in the acute period after injury. It is non-invasive, cost-effective with minimal contraindications, and doesnot interfere with other modalities in the intensive care unit.
COVID-19 pandemic in Istanbul: Seizure frequency and psychosocial outcomes in patients with epilepsy
Authors: Yeni Kubra , Tulek Zeliha , Ozer Arif , Cavusoglu Aysel , Sirin Inan Gorkem , Baykan Betul , Bebek Nerses
Published: July 2022

Objective: The aim of this study was to examine seizure frequency and psychosocial outcomes in patients with epilepsy (PwE) during the COVID-19 pandemic.
Methods: This cross-sectional case- control study included 319 adult PwE and 327 healthy controls (HC). The data were collected using a patient/person information form, Worry and Anxiety Questionnaire (WAQ), Beck Depression Inventory (BDI-II), and the Pittsburg Sleep Quality Index (PSQI).
Results: Seventy-four (23.1%) patients had an increase in seizure frequency during the pandemic. The mean age of PWE with increased seizure frequency (ISF) was lower (32.8±9.3) than PWE with unchanged seizure frequency (USF) (37.0±11.4). When psychosocial impacts of the pandemic were compared between the groups, the ISF group was psychologically affected more than the USF and HC groups. WAQ and BDI-II scores were higher in ISF than USF and higher in USF than HC group. Also, the analysis revealed that the seizure frequency during the pandemic was almost similar before the pandemic. However, only those who had frequent seizures before the pandemic had worsened seizure frequency during the pandemic. The analysis showed that factors such as having trouble in drug supply, having more than 4-6 seizures in a year, worrying about seizure intervention, and being depressed, were related to being psychologically affected by the pandemic.
Conclusion: It was observed that the psychosocial outcomes during the pandemic were worse in PwE than healthy controls, especially in those with increased seizure frequency. Therefore, it is essential to increase the medical and psychosocial support to PwE during the pandemic.
TÜRK HUKUKUNDA KİŞİSEL SAĞLIK VERİLERİ VE İDARENİN KİŞİSEL SAĞLIK VERİLERİNİ KORUMA YÜKÜMLÜLÜĞÜ
Authors: ALÇIN Ayşe Aslı
Published: July 2022

Hassas kişisel veriler kategorisi içinde yer alan kişisel sağlık verileri, “kimliği belirli ya da belirlenebilir gerçek kişiye ilişkin her türlü sağlık bilgisi” olarak tanımlanabilir. Bu tanımın kapsamına kişinin “geçmişi, şimdiki anı ve geleceğine ilişkin fiziksel ve ruhsal sağlığı hakkında her türlü bilgi ile kişiye sunulan sağlık hizmetiyle ilgili bilgiler” dahildir.

Bu çalışmada öncelikle, ulusal ve Türkiye’nin taraf olduğu uluslararası düzenlemeler ışığında, kişisel sağlık verileri kavramı ve bu verilerin işlenmesine ilişkin kurallar ve usuller ele alınacaktır. Türk hukukunda kişisel sağlık verilerinin işlenebileceği hallere ayrıca değinilecektir. Bu bağlamda, veri koruma hukukunda, hassas verilerin işlenmesinin diğer verilere kıyasla daha katı bir denetime tabi tutulması anlamına gelen hassaslık ilkesi ve veri toplama ve işlemenin bağlı olduğu amaç/amaçları gerçekleştirmek için zorunlu olan miktarla sınırlı olacak şekilde veri toplanması gerekliliğini ifade eden minimumluk ilkesine uygunluk değerlendirmesi yapılacaktır. Ardından, idarenin kişisel sağlık verilerinin korunmasına ilişkin yükümlülükleri açıklanacaktır. İdarenin kişisel sağlık verilerine ilişkin aydınlatma, veri güvenliğini sağlama, düzenleme ve denetleme yapma yükümlülüklerinin anlamı ve kapsamı ortaya konulacaktır.

Avrupa İnsan Hakları Mahkemesi ve Danıştay kararları ışığında, idarenin söz konusu yükümlülüklerini yerine getirmemesi durumunun nasıl ortaya çıkabileceği ve ortaya çıkış şekillerine göre sorumluluğunun türünün ve kapsamının ne olacağı ihtimallere göre değerlendirilecektir.
Global Perception of the Belt and Road Initiative: A Natural Language Processing Approach
Authors: Mokashi Amit , Jayaraman J.D. , Mahakul Priyanka , Patel Rutu , Picciano Anthony
Published: July 2022

In less than seven years since the launch of the Belt and Road Initiative (BRI), 138 countries have signed on to the program, with by some counts 118 projects being planned. BRI is a Chinese multi-trillion-dollar global infrastructure initiative that has geopolitical implications for both the participating as well as non-participating countries. Some of the very appealing unique selling points of this initiative also make it controversial amongst its stakeholders. This variation in sentiments can be perceived in the media reporting where there is freedom of expression. In this paper, we have used sentiment analysis to gauge the variation in the stakeholder perception over time across three groups - China, participating and non-participating countries. Our analysis of 7,856 news articles has provided quantitative evidence of declining positive sentiment over time.
Using Social Media Data To Forecast Telecom Companies Revenues With Machine Learning
Authors:   Department of web science, Syrian Virtual University, Syria, Aswad Yazan ,   amer.ibrahim@aue.ae,   Assistant Professor, Computer and Automation Engineering - Damascus University-Syria,  Faculty of informatic engineering, International Private University for Science and Technology, Syria,   Assistant Professor, Faculty of informatic engineering, International Private University for Science and Technology, Syria, Ibrahim Amer , .. Aghiad Kh. , Mahfuri Mahmoud
Published: July 2022

Traditional models for predicting future sales of a product or service are based on previous, not updated data, resulting in unsatisfactory and inaccurate forecasting results, meaning that the data used as inputs to the forecasting process is stable and not dynamic during the forecasting process.The research aims to leverage social media data by extracting features from Facebook platform (features are reactions to posts) and using them as input to the automated forecasting system to try to predict corporate revenues.Machine learning algorithms have been trained to predict returns according to pre-stored data and can be updated on demand, which means that the proposed forecasting system will work in a dynamic environment.The following algorithms were used to predict the profitability of new services and the one with the highest accuracy was selected: (Random Forest, DT, Gradient Boosting, K nearest neighbors, NB).The results showed that Random Forest algorithm is the one with the best accuracy, with an accuracy of 67%, and a slight correlation was observed between the interactions on the target post and the profitability of the service within the post.
Supernatural transformation through quantum healing: How plausible it is to redefine tele-medicine for cancer treatment etc.
Authors:   Ekklesia Advanced School of Theology (EAST), Jakarta, Indonesia;Malang Institute of Agriculture (IPM), East Java, Indonesia, Christianto Victor
Published: July 2022

It turns out to be increasingly more evident that advanced change of medical services the board has become reality in numerous nations. Individuals are progressively anticipating medical services according to their very own preferences, and they expect computerized to be the empowering agent. From utilizing information to get supper inclinations of a patient in emergency clinic, and conveying those dinners precisely when they need them, to conveying data through the right channel in light of chosen inclinations advanced can uphold conveyance of medical care when, where and how individuals need it. Medical services is in an exceptional spot in the post-computerized world. In this unique circumstance, around a few months ago, we tracked down an article on bold new (computerized) world at Washington Post. So, we think now it is the time to tell our personal story in the past few years: how it is possible to redefine tele-medicine, from just embracing digital to quantum medicine, quantum healing etc., especially from the perspective of biological nonlocality interaction.
Suppression of Powdery Mildew and Two-Spotted Spider Mite by UV-B Radiation and Mulching Type of Strawberry Cultivation in the Greenhouse
Authors: Nam Myeong Hyeon , Kim Hyun Sook , Lee InHa , Seo Jeong Hak , Lee Byung Joo
Published: July 2022

Powdery mildew and two-spotted spider mite are detrimental to strawberry plants and are controlled with traditional pesticides. To accommodate consumer demand, eco-friendly methods of pest control are required. Strawberries were cultivated (in soil and in a hydroponic system) for two years, and ultraviolet B (UV-B) irradiation was used as an alternative pest control during the harvesting season. Three varieties were grown (Seolhyang, Kingsberry, and Durihyang), and four UV-B lamp/mulch (black, green, and light reflection sheet [LRS]) combinations were used during harvesting: UV-B+black or green mulch, UV-B+black or green+LRS, no UV-B+black or green, and no UV-B+black or green+LRS. In all varieties, powdery mildew was 65% more controlled when UV-B irradiation was used. The adult two-spotted spider mite density was lowest in the UV-B lamp+black or green+LRS treatments. Therefore, UV-B irradiation during the strawberry harvesting season could effectively control powdery mildew and two-spotted spider mite with little side effect on the plants.
A Reliable Reverse Transcription Loop-Mediated Isothermal Amplification Assay for Detecting Apple stem grooving virus in Pear
Authors: Lee Hyo-Jeong , Jeong Rae-Dong
Published: July 2022

Apple stem grooving virus (ASGV) is a high-risk viral pathogen that infects many types of fruit trees, especially pear and apple, and causes serious economic losses across the globe. Thus, rapid and reliable detection assay is needed to identify ASGV infection and prevent its spread. A reliable reverse transcription loop-mediated isothermal amplification (RT-LAMP) was developed, optimize, and evaluated for the coding region of coat protein of ASGV in pear leaf. The developed RT-LAMP facilitated the simple screening of ASGV using visible fluorescence and electrophoresis. The optimized reaction conditions for the RT-LAMP were 63°C for 50 min, and the results showed high specificity and 100-fold greater sensitivity than the reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction. In addition, the reliability of the RT-LAMP was validated using field-collected pear leaves. Furthermore, the potential application of paper-based RNA isolation, combined with RT-LAMP, was also evaluated for detecting ASGV from field-collected samples. These assays could be widely applied to ASGV detection in field conditions and to virus-free certification programs.
C38: Les GIST gastriques : Aspects épidémiologiques, cliniques, paracliniques, thérapeutiques et évolutifs : A propos de 7 cas colligés à l’institut Joliot Curie de 2000 à 2014
Authors: Ndiaye M , Thiam I , Dieng S , Mbacké Y , Diallo A C , Baldé E H A , Ka S , Dem H , Diop M
Published: July 2022

INTRODUCTION : Les tumeurs stromales de l’estomac sont des tumeurs mésenchymateuses rares qui constituent un sujet de controverse. Actuellement, elles sont bien caractérisées avec la découverte récente de la mutation du gène C-KIT et l’expression par les cellules tumorales de la protéine C-KIT. Le but de notre travail était de mettre le point sur les aspects épidémiologiques, cliniques, paracliniques, évolutifs et thérapeutiques des GIST gastriques. MATERIELS ET METHODES : Nous avons mené une étude rétrospective sur une période de 14 ans (de Janvier 2000 à Décembre 2014) à l’institut Joliot Curie de l’Hôpital Aristide le Dantec de Dakar. RESULTATS : Dans notre étude les GIST gastriques représentaient 5,15% d’un effectif de 136 tumeurs gastriques. On notait sept patients, cinq hommes et deux femmes avec un sex-ratio de 2,5. La moyenne d’âge des patients était de 51,2 ans avec des extrêmes de 33 et 62 ans. Les manifestations cliniques révélatrices étaient des douleurs abdominales chez cinq patients, des vomissements chez quatre patients et l’altération de l’état général chez deux patients. L’anémie était trouvée chez trois patients sur sept. La FOGD a été effectuée chez cinq patients sur sept et a été concluante chez tous les patients en objectivant le processus tumoral. L’examen histologique avait confirmé la malignité et le type stromale de la tumeur chez tous les patients. L’étude immunohistochimique avait montré la positivité du marqueur CD43 dans tous les cas. La TDM abdominale a été réalisée chez quatre patients. Quatre patients sur sept avaient bénéficié d’un traitement chirurgical. Un seul patient avait bénéficié d’une chimiothérapie et quatre patients avaient bénéficié d’un traitement à base d’imatinib. La durée moyenne de suivi de nos patients était de huit semaines avec un minimum d’une semaine et un maximum 60 semaine, d’ailleurs tous nos malades étaient perdus de vue à trois mois. CONCLUSION : Le pronostic péjoratif semble être majoré par le diagnostic tardif dans notre série.
C44: Cancers coliques en occlusion : Résection ou stomie ?
Authors: Diallo A C , Ndong A , Thiam J I A T , Ba M B , Dieng P S , Somé R O , Diouf D , Dieng M M , Ka S , Dem A
Published: July 2022

INTRODUCTION : La prise en charge des cancers du côlon en occlusion en urgence pose un double dilemme, celui du retentissement général de l’obstruction intestinale et celui du cancer qui est souvent localement avancé voire métastatique. Cette situation est assez fréquente (huit à 16% des circonstances de découverte). Cependant, le traitement chirurgical des cancers du côlon en occlusion est toujours un sujet de controverse. L’objectif de cette étude était d’évaluer le lien entre la stratégie chirurgicale et la mortalité des patients reçus pour un cancer du côlon en occlusion. MATERIELS ET METHODES : Nous avons réalisé une étude analytique et rétrospective sur une période de cinq ans (1er Janvier 2016 au 31 Décembre 2020) au Centre Hospitalier Régional de Saint-Louis. Nous avons inclus tous les dossiers de patients reçus pour une tumeur du côlon en occlusion. Une analyse de survie avec un modèle de Cox (méthode des pas-à-pas descendant avec un p de Wald <0,2) nous a permis d’identifier les facteurs pronostiques avec un p-value inférieur à 0,05. RESULTATS : Cinquante et un dossiers de patients étaient inclus. La moyenne d’âge était de 54,37 ± 15,55 ans. La sex-ratio était de deux. Les patients avaient un stade OMS égal à deux dans 51% et un stade trois dans 41.2%. La tumeur siégeait au côlon gauche dans 78,4% des cas. On notait une perforation colique dans trois cas. Le type histologique était exclusivement un adénocarcinome lieberkühnien. Les patients étaient métastatiques dans 43.1% des cas. Une résection intestinale avec ou sans anastomose immédiate a été faite dans 16 cas (31,4%). La survie médiane était de six mois [IC95% (0-17,69)]. Le modèle de Cox a retrouvé que l’absence de résection intestinale était le facteur pronostique le plus péjoratif. Elle entrainait une augmentation du risque de décès de 6,22 [IC95% (1,8-21)] fois par rapport aux patients qui ont eu une colectomie en urgence (p<0,004). CONCLUSION : Malgré l’existence d’autres facteurs pronostiques dans les cancers coliques en occlusion, la résection intestinale en urgence a une place importante dans la survie des patients. Elle a un intérêt carcinologique certain mais sa réalisation peut être difficile. L’absence de certaines mesures de réanimation et de rééquilibration nutritionnelle peut constituer des facteurs limitants en pratique. Des études avec un échantillon plus large permettra définir la meilleure stratégie chirurgicale adaptée à notre contexte.
Perancangan game Arcade "The Adventures in Maze"
Authors: Kaban Roberto , Sari Sri Novida , Naim Muhammad Akmal , Surbakti Asprina Br
Published: July 2022

Game arcade mengandalkan ketangkasan tangan pemain dalam melakukan kontrol karakter didalam game. Game arcade merupakan jenis game yang memiliki konsep desain sederhana serta memiliki tingkat kesulitan yang meningkat setiap levelnya. Dalam penelitian ini, dirancang game arcade menggunakan Visual Basic.Net dan database MariaDB sebagai media penyimpanan data. Game ini bercerita tentang petualangan dalam labirin untuk mendapatkan Huruf tertentu pada setiap levelnya. Tahapan dalam perancangan game ini yaitu, analisis kebutuhan, perancangan Data Flow Diagram (DFD) level konteks dan level nol, perancangan database dalam MariaDB, pembuatan flowchart, desain game, pengkodean kedalam bahasa pemrograman Visual Basic.Net dan melakukan pengujian game dengan metode Blackbox. Hasil dari penelitian ini adalah sebuah game Arcade berbasis Windows dan terintegrasi dengan database. Game ini dapat digunakan untuk melatih refleks pemain, melatih otak motorik dan meningkatkan daya pikir pemain, sehingga pemain terbiasa berpikir cepat dan benar dalam mengambil keputusan.
Pengaruh Penggunaan Metode Hypnoteaching terhadap Motivasi Belajar Matematika Siswa Sekolah Dasar
Authors: Amalia Nova , Ermawati Diana , Kuryanto M. Syaffruddin
Published: July 2022

Penelitian ini di latar belakangi oleh rendahnya motivasi belajar siswa dalam proses pembelajaran yang ditandai dengan siswa yang pasif dan kurang antusias. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengatahui perbedaan motivasi belajar matematika sebelum dan sesudah menggunakan metode hypnoteaching. Pendekatan dalam penelitian ini adalah kuantitatif jenis eksperimen, metode penelitian ini adalah pre-eksperimental design dengan desain one-group pretest-posttest. Subjek dalam penelitian ini adalah seluruh siswa kelas III SDN 2 Kuanyar sebanyak 29 siswa yang terdiri dari 16 siswa laki-laki dan 13 siswa perempuan. Pengumpulan data dalam penelitian ini adalah dokumentasi dan angket. Uji validitas menggunakan expert judgment dan analisis indeks aiken’v. Uji prasyarat menggunakan uji normalitas dengan uji kolmogrov smirnov berbantuan SPSS V 23. Pengujian hipotesis menggunakan uji t dua sampel dependen (paired-samples t-test) berbantuan SPSS V 23. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat perbedaan motivasi belajar matematika, hasil tersebut dibuktikan dengan hasil uji t dua sampel dependeng yaitu sig < 0,05 atau 0,000 < 0,05. Disimpulkan bahwa penggunaan metode hypnoteaching berpengaruh terhadap motivasi belajar matematika siswa kelas III SDN 2 Kuanyar Kecamatan Mayong Kabupaten Jepara.
Suplementos y aspirina: mitos o realidades en la prevención de Preeclampsia en mujeres de alto riesgo
Authors: GARCIA MARIA LILLY , CISNEROS OROZCO JOSELINE , MOYA ROBLES ALEXIS EDUARDO
Published: July 2022

La preeclampsia representa uno de los trastornos hipertensivos en el embarazo más frecuente, la cual significa no solo mayor morbimortalidad para la madre sino también para el producto, en esto radica la importancia de brindar un manejo adecuado y oportuno a pacientes que presentan dicha patología, con el fin de reducir las complicaciones tanto en el embarazo, en el parto y como posterior al mismo para la madre y el producto. Debido a la creciente prevalencia de casos de preeclampsia surge la inquietud de realizar el presente trabajo con el objetivo principal de analizar el uso de diversos suplementos y de la aspirina como posibles métodos preventivos de esta patología o bien determinar si carecen de eficacia como protectores en mujeres con alto riesgo de desarrollar preeclampsia, y así orientar al personal médico en la adecuada utilización de estos fármacos como pautas en el manejo de una mujer embarazada con predisposición a la preeclampsia.
Sindrome de Ogilvie y sus nuevas estrategias de tratamiento
Authors: Cisneros Orozco Joseline , Garcia Vasquez Maria Lilly , Moya Robles Alexis
Published: July 2022

La seudoobstrucción colónica aguda, conocida como síndrome de Ogilvie, se hace referencia a una dilatación masiva del colon (en especial de colon derecho)  sin asociar a la misma, una obstrucción mecánica subyacente u otra causa orgánica. Los mecanismos fisiopatológicos de esta enfermedad aún no están bien definidos, sin embargo, se cree que existe algún tipo de alteración funcional en el sistema nervioso entérico. Su incidencia es baja y se presenta con mayor frecuencia en pacientes que asocian algún tipo de comorbilidad, personas hospitalizadas o institucionalizadas  así como, aquellos que han ameritado intervenciones quirúrgicas recientes. Las manifestaciones clínicas incluyen distensión y dolor abdominal, náuseas con vómitos y estreñimiento. Su diagnóstico es de exclusión y requiere descartar causas estructurales por medio de pruebas clínicas y radiológicas. La perforación y la isquemia intestinal son las complicaciones más graves. Su manejo es amplio y varía desde conducta observacional y conservadora hasta la intervención quirúrgica. El porcentaje de curación es 80% con recidivas en 6-14%, de los cuales 20% necesitaran cirugía. El pronóstico y la supervivencia del paciente dependen del reconocimiento, diagnóstico y manejo terapéutico oportuno.
Imagen del Volumen - ECG: signo de la bandera de Sudáfrica, una mirada más allá del ST
Authors: Cairol Barquero Andrés
Published: July 2022

Ingresa al servicio de urgencias un adulto joven de 39 años, con historia de dolor torácico de 1 hora de evolución, el cual no se alivia con ninguna posición, nota que se irradia al brazo izquierdo. APP: hipertensión arterial de 3 años de evolución en tratamiento con amlodipina 10 mg/día y enalapril 20 mg/día. APnP: fumado activo de 18 años de evolución con un cálculo de 18 paquetes año en promedio. AQX: apendicertomía hacer 12 años. Al examen físico dirigido muestra: Dolor focalizado en el hemitórax izquierdo,  intensidad 7/10, irradiado al brazo izquierdo, a la auscultación cardiaca S1 y S2 sin soplos y no se escucha ni S3 ni S4. Ruidos cardiaco rítmicos de adecuada intensidad, Murmullo vesicular adecuado bilateralmente, sin roncus ni crépitos o sibilancias, no hay edemas podálicos ni ingurgitación yugular.   Al ingresar al servicio de urgencias,  el médico tratante solicita la toma de los signos vitales: PA 160/90 mmHg, SO2%, FC 100/ minuto, FR: 12/minuto y el médico solicita realizar un electrocardiograma en la entrada de Triage.
Prosodic Experimentation in Hopkins’ Poetry
Authors: Shrivastwa Bimal Kishore
Published: July 2022

The paper aims to explore prosodic experimentation and musical sensibility designed for limning the dynamism observed in the Victorian world by the poet, Gerard Manley Hopkins in his poetry, especially, in “The Windhover”, “God’s Grandeur”, “Pied Beauty”, “Inversnaid” and “Spring”. Through a close reading of the prosody, rhythm, rhyme, metrics, alliteration, assonance and onomatopoeia in Hopkins’ poems from the theoretical paradigms of the prosody, and sprung rhythm, propounded by Hopkins himself, and some other theorists, the study is an attempt to prove how Gerard Manley Hopkins exploits the rhythmic novelty to give each poem a distinctive design to capture his apprehension of dynamism, the intense thrust of energy in nature. The finding is that it was the Victorian culture and milieu evoked by the Second Industrial Revolution, technological advance, and Hopkins’ conviction that God manifested in the material world that influenced him to use innovative rhythmic patterns in his poetry so that we could perceive how the universe is characterized by a distinctive design that constitutes individual identity. It is expected that researchers intending to observe the prosodic techniques in poetry in general and Hopkins in particular can take the paper as a reference.
UJI KEEFEKTIFAN INFUSA AKAR KAIK – KAIK (Unicara cordata)TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN BAKTERI Escherichia coli
Authors: Nisasari Diana Yuli , Ngazizah Febri Nur , Khasanah Nur Aini Hidayah
Published: July 2022

Tumbuhan memiliki banyak manfaat dan komponen kimia yang terdapat didalamnya. Tumbuhan ini juga dimanfaatkan oleh masyarakat Kalimantan sebagai obat tradisional adalah akar kaik-kaik nama Uncaria cordata (Lour). Merr. Dilakukan penelitian untuk mengetahui adanya uji keefektifan infusa U. cordata terhadap pertumbuhan Eschericia coli dan mengetahui perbedaan aktivitas antibakteri dengan berbagai kosentrasi. Uji aktivitas antibakteri yang dilakukan pada penelitian ini menggunakan metode difusi agar. Efektifitas antibakteri ditandai dengan terbentuknya zona bening disekitar kertas cakram yang disebut dengan zona hambat. Penelitian ini menggunakan 3 perlakuan kosentrasi yaitu : 100%, 75%, dan 50%. Zona hambat yang terbentuk termasuk zona hambat kataegori lemah ≤ 5 mm.
ROLE OF PET-CT IN EVALUATION OF DIFFERENT TYPES OF CANCER: A RETROSPECTIVE STUDY OF CANCER PATIENTS AT A DIAGNOSTIC CENTER IN NEPAL
Authors: Shahi Rajive Raj , Bhattarai Babita , Khadka Sitaram , Rijal Thaneshwar , Lamichhane Bisesh , Yadav Mamata , Shah Roshan , Yadav Gopal Kumar , Basnet Bina
Published: July 2022

Background: Fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) PET (Positron Emission Tomography) is used for the evaluation of different solid cancers as well as characterization of solitary pulmonary nodules. This study was conducted with objectives to determine the prevalence of various types of cancer; to assess the status of cancer in terms of progression, regression, or static; and for metastatic workup by PET-CT scan.
Methods: A retrospective cross-sectional study involving 545 patients of different cancers from all over Nepal was performed at Kundalini Diagnostic Center from July 2019 to March 2020. The data were analyzed using IBM SPSS version 22.
Results: The mean age of study participants was 53.91±16.63 years. Out of total 545 participants, (499, 91.56%) tested positive for cancer with PET-CT scan with a higher proportion belonging to 50-59 years age group. Half of the participants (275, 50.46%) had disease progression and one-fifth of the participants (144, 26.42%) had static disease. Majority of the patients (139, 27.85%) were diagnosed with some form of gastrointestinal tumor. Though the data was statistically insignificant, participants with age 40-60 years were 1.18 times more likely to have cancer detected (OR 1.188, 95%CI 0.46-3.02).
Conclusions: PET-CT scan is a valuable tool for assessment of characteristics of different types of cancer although differentiation of primary or a second primary or metastasis may not be possible. There is no significant association between various age groups or gender with overall cancer predisposition.
SERUM LIPID PROFILE AMONG POST-MENOPAUSAL WOMEN ATTENDING TERTIARY HOSPITAL AT CHITWAN, NEPAL
Authors: Mandal Fuleshwar , Rijal Resha , Kafle Deepak , Adhikari Kishor
Published: July 2022

Background: Menopause is a phase of woman’s natural aging process and is marked by the cessation of ovarian function. The increased incidence of cardiovascular risk in post-menopausal women may be due to hormonal imbalance leading to derangement of lipid profile. The aim of study was to study the serum lipid profile among post-menopausal women attending at a tertiary care hospital in Nepal.
Methods: This was a hospital based descriptive cross-sectional study carried out among 156 post-menopausal women attending Medicine Out Patient Department at Chitwan medical college and teaching hospital. Serum Lipid profile were measured by an automated on Dimension® clinical chemistry analyzer and serum estrogen was measured by CLIA on Siemen ADVIA Centaur XP immunoassay. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 20.
Results: Study finding suggests that serum Triglycerides, Total cholesterol, and LDL were found to be elevated in 48.7%, 23.7% and 14.7% study participants respectively while serum HDL level was found to be low in 10.9% study subjects. Serum HDL had significantly associated with different age groups and estrogen(p<0.05). The serum TG, TC, and LDL were negatively correlated (r = -0.096, p = 0.23), (r = -0.09, p = 0.22), (r = -0.18, p = 0.04) with estrogen respectively while serum HDL was positively correlated (r = 0.32, p = 0.01) with estrogen. The serum TG, TC, LDL were negatively correlated with age and serum HDL was positively correlated with age.
Conclusions: Due to changes in lipid profiles and the loss of estrogen’s cardio preventive impact, post-menopausal women are at an increased risk of developing cardiovascular disease.
USEFULNESS OF MIXED METHOD RESEARCH DESIGN TO UNDERSTAND HEALTH SEEKING BEHAVIOR
Authors: Paudel Ashok Kumar , Chhetri Muni Raj , Baniya Ambika , Chhetri Mamta , Thapa Rashmi
Published: July 2022

Mixed Methods Research Design (MMRD) has been used as a more potent approach in the research field of social and behavioral science. The purpose of this article is to explore and provide information on mixed methods study design. Secondly, the article discusses different categories and perspectives of health-seeking behavior from multiple angles of real social life. Thirdly, it focuses on the relevance and applicability of mixed-method design in understanding subjective and objective aspects of health-seeking behavior acting at the person, family, and community level, such as bio-social profiles and previous experiences with health care. The article has also briefly summarized the philosophy of mixed methods research design and different perspectives on health-seeking behavior. Mixed methods research, is one of the three major research paradigms (quantitative research, qualitative research, and mixed methods research) that is most appropriate to comprehending complicated subjective and objective facts associated to health-seeking behavior. This article will contribute to understanding the strength of mixed-method research design and its use with more holistic thinking on the issues pertaining to health-seeking behavior and human behavior.
THYROHYOID LIGAMENT CALCIFICATION MIMICKING FOREIGN BODY ESOPHAGUS; A RARE CASE REPORT AND REVIEW OF THE LITERATURE
Authors: Sigdel Brihaspati , Neupane Bhima , Sah Kusheswar , Ghimire Ashish , Pokhrel Amrit
Published: July 2022

Background: Foreign body ingestion frequently occurs in the extreme of ages. Meat bolus, fishbone buried in the food, and sharp bone are the common ingested foreign bodies among adults. The normal ligament and bony structure start to ossify after the third decade of life and mimic foreign bodies. Ossified thyrohyoid ligament, cricothyroid ligament, cornu of hyoid bone may be misdiagnosed as a foreign body in the aerodigestive tract.
Case presentation: We describe a 54 years female who presented with painful swallowing for two days after eating chicken bone at Emergency Department. X-ray soft tissue neck lateral view showed a radiopaque shadow in front of the C3-C4 region. The patient underwent rigid esophagoscopy, however, a foreign body could not be found at the pharynx. Computerized Tomography (CT) shows the same hyperdense shadow at the same location as seen in the x-ray. Furthermore, Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scan was done to localize the exact site of the foreign body, but the patient was a case of thyrohyoid calcification rather than foreign body in the esophagus.
Conclusion: Difficulty arises for the surgeons when a foreign body is not found during rigid esophagoscopy. It is important to reassess and locate the foreign body by imaging. The calcified ligament can mimic a foreign body in the neck. MRI confirms the diagnosis which may be misguided by X-ray and CT-scan.
PROSTATE BIOPSIES AND ITS ASSOCIATION WITH PROSTATE SPECIFIC ANTIGEN IN PATIENT ATTENDING BIRAT MEDICAL COLLEGE TEACHING HOSPITAL
Authors: Sinha Amrita , Upadhyaya Santosh , Singh Mrinalini , Kafle Neeta
Published: July 2022

Background: Prostate cancer is the most common malignant tumor in men over the age of 65 years. Most frequently encountered diseases of the prostate are benign prostatic hyperplasia, prostatitis and carcinoma. Prostate specific antigen is a tumour marker and is expressed by both normal and neoplastic prostate tissue. This study was done to determine the association between histopathological diagnosis in prostatic biopsy and serum prostatic specific antigen level.
Methods: This was a hospital based cross sectional study carried out in the Department of Pathology, Birat Medical College from February 15, 2020 to October15, 2020. All consecutive patients attending the pathology department with prostate biopsy and serum PSA level were included in the study. Histopathological examination was done and its association with serum prostatic specific antigen level was done.
Results: In the biopsy findings, Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia (BPH)was the most common case seen in 41 (48.8%) cases out of 84 cases. Majority of benign cases (BPH and BPH with prostatitis) were seen in the PSA range of 0-7ng/ml. Maximum cases of adenocarcinoma were seen in the range of >20ng/ml. Chi-Square test showed a value of 5.89 while P value was <0.01 indicating that the increasing serum PSA level is associated with higher chance of adenocarcinoma.
Conclusions: PSA is a specific marker for prostatic tissue. It can be raised in benign lesions of the prostate due to membrane disruption. However, an increased PSA level above 20 ng/ml increases the chance of detecting malignant lesions.
PERCEPTION OF MBBS AND BDS INTERNS OF CHITWAN REGARDING THEIR CLINICAL POSTING DURING COVID-19 PANDEMIC
Authors: Banstola Prabesh , Shah Nehal Kumar , Bhattarai Rosina
Published: July 2022

Background: COVID-19 pandemic has changed the routines throughout the world where medical sector hasn’t remained untouched. Medical interns have been the vulnerable population being affected by the pandemic. The pandemic has created a huge impact psychologically and academically on the medical students. This study was conducted in the medical colleges of Chitwan, Nepal aiming to find out the perception of the MBBS and BDS interns regarding their clinical posting during COVID-19 pandemic.
Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted among MBBS and BDS interns of medical colleges in Chitwan, Nepal. A structured 14 item questionnaire containing demographics (4 items) and perceptions on safety, satisfaction and confidence (10 items) regarding COVID-19 pandemic was used for online survey via email. Consent was taken for the survey and descriptive study was done. Data entry was done in Microsoft Excel and analysis is SPSS 16. Descriptive statistics was done.
Results: The questionnaire was sent to 130 interns at Chitwan out of which 68 interns responded among which 29.4 % were BDS interns and 70.6 % were MBBS interns. Majority of the interns didn’t feel safe to do duty in their internship and also feared of transmission of COVID-19 through them to their families. They also didn’t have adequate confidence for the patient management due to the type of learning exposure during the pandemic.
Conclusions: The study revealed that virtual learning isn’t effective for the interns for the patient management. Majority of the interns at Chitwan didn’t feel safe to do clinical duty during the pandemic.
EVALUATION OF SERUM URIC ACID, GLUCOSE AND OTHER GLYCEMIC PARAMETER IN TYPE II DIABETIC INDIVIDUALS
Authors: Dhungana Arun , Pandeya Arun , Pant Subash , Pokharel Babu Ram
Published: July 2022

Background: In spite of antioxidant property serum uric acid (SUA) has a positive association with blood glucose. SUA is considered as a strong and an independent risk factor for diabetes but low serum level of uric acid has been reported in the hyperglycemic state. Diabetes mellitus is a metabolic disorder of multiple etiologies resulting from defect in insulin action. So, aim of this study is to assess whether there is any change in SUA level and to establish whether there is any association with type II diabetes mellitus (DM) or not.
Methods: A cross sectional study was conducted in 264 cases of DM. SUA, fasting blood glucose (FBG), post-prandial blood glucose (PPBG) and glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) level were measured. Pearson’s correlation was employed to calculate the ‘r’ value by using SPSS version 15.
Results: In our study prevalence of hyperuricemia was 18.5%. Mean SUA in male and female was 5.95 mg/dl and 5.54 mg/dl respectively in DM. HbA1c has positive correlation with FBG and PPBG (r value = 0.720 and 0.775, respectively p=<0.001), while SUA has negative correlation with HbA1c, FBG and PPBG (r value= -0.179, p =0.004, -0.070, p=0.257 and -0.078, p=-0.204 respectively.).
Conclusions: SUA level is increased in DM. SUA was high among male and SUA initially increased when FBS and HbA1c increases then decreases as FBG and HbA1c level were further increased. SUA has negative correlation with FBG, PPBG and HbA1c, while HbA1c has a positive correlation with FBG and PPBG.
PREVALENCE AND FACTORS ASSOCIATED WITH EXCESSIVE SCREEN TIME AMONG YOUNG CHILDREN OF 5 TO 9 YEARS IN POKHARA METROPOLITAN OF KASKI DISTRICT
Authors: Sharma Bimala , Shrestha Nirmala , Gurung Nisha , Tiwari Bishnu Raj , Koirala Sharad , Wagle Shreejana
Published: July 2022

Background: Excessive screen time has been increasing among children and adolescents globally. The study aimed to find out the prevalence and associated factors of excessive screen time among young children.
Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among children aged 5 to 9 years attending schools in Pokhara metropolitan. Face to face interview was conducted with one of the parents of 352 children. The study was carried out from March to October, 2020. Excessive screen time (ST) was defined as >2 hours screen viewing a day. Chi-square test and binary logistic regression were applied at 5% level of significance.
Results: Of total, 47.4% of children had ST>2 hours a day. Among socio-demographic factors, being a boy (adjusted odds ratio (AOR), 1.65; 95% CI,1.05-2.57)), living in nuclear family (AOR, 0.62; 95% CI, 0.39-0.99) and age of the children (AOR, 1.28; 95% CI,1.03-1.58) were significantly associated with excessive ST. Having television at home, parental ST, offering screen devices to children had increased likelihood of reporting excessive ST. Odds of reporting of excessive ST was 8.97 times higher among those who had one television at home as compared to those who do not have. Excessive ST was more than three times among those children whose parents offered screen devices to make them eat as well as to have free time for the parents themselves.
Conclusions: Few socio-demographic characteristics, parental ST and parental offering of screen devices were significantly associated with excessive ST. Interventions should target screen device accessibility and ST related behavior of parents.
General Understanding Regarding to the Fraction and Rational Number Concepts
Authors: YILDIZHAN Berna , ERTEKİN Erhan
Published: July 2022

The aim of the current research is to examine the studies carried out to determine the understanding of the concepts of fraction and rational number of students, teachers and prospective teachers and to reveal the general understanding by synthesizing the findings of these studies. For this purpose, meta-synthesis research method, in which qualitative studies are again interpreted and synthesized with a qualitative understanding, was used in the study. Within the scope of the study, a total of 14 studies conducted in Turkey within the framework of the qualitative research paradigm were examined in order to reveal the understanding regarding to the concepts of fraction and rational number. Content analysis was used in the analysis of the obtained data. As a result of the research; It has been determined that students, teachers and prospective teachers have various understandings regarding to the concepts of fraction and rational number. One of the remarkable results is that the prospective teachers have an understanding that the numerator and denominator of the fraction are real numbers, while the teachers have an understanding that the numerator and denominator can be integer, natural number or positive integer. Also, it was found that students associate the rational number with negativity while associating the fraction with positivity.
The Views of Special Education Teachers about a Mobile Writing Application
Authors: HOPCAN Sinan , TOKEL Saniye
Published: July 2022

Students’ acquisition of writing skills plays a key role in their academic life. Approximately half a normal school day is covered by writing activities. Although writing is such an important skill in education, there are students who have difficulties. One of the specific learning disabilities, dysgraphia, can be defined as writing impairment. Educational technology is a promising solution for students with dysgraphia. Mobile devices in particular offer a wide spectrum of opportunities for students with dysgraphia to learn with their unique qualities. The main purpose of this study is to reveal the views of special education teachers on a mobile writing application after its use. Previous studies have developed a mobile writing application (Hopcan et al., 2019) and examined its effectiveness (Hopcan & Tokel, 2021). In this current study, a qualitative method was used to reveal the views of special education teachers on the mobile writing application after its use. Semi-structured interviews were conducted on the application with seven special education teachers. Teachers perceived the mobile writing application as easy to use. In addition, teachers found the application useful in terms of improving students’ writing skills, teaching how to write accurately, and maintaining students’ attention more than traditional writing practices. They perceived the mobile writing application as enjoyable for students. Some of the teachers had suggestions for improving the application.
Comparison Of Covid-19 Medical Waste Management Strategies For Hospitals In Developed And Developing Country
Authors: Nadiah Syafei Atikah , Warno Utomo Suyud
Published: July 2022

Background: The COVID-19 pandemic has not only caused a health emergency but also an emergency for medical waste, which as the number of COVID-19 infections increases, the generation of medical waste will also increase. Objective: This article aims to find out the pattern of handling COVID-19 B3 medical waste from hospitals in developed and developing countries. Method: This article is a systematic review using the PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis) model. Results: There are 13 articles that analyze to find out the management of COVID-19 medical waste originating from hospitals from developing countries as well as developed countries. Result and Discussion: There are some similarities and differences in decision-making regarding COVID-19 waste treatment. Conclusions: Some countries are still adopting waste regulations in the pre-COVID-19 period. The thermal method of exterminating waste is still the best way to be chosen. However, the use of the incinerator method in some developing countries is still small.
Dinámica del crecimiento de Podocarpus oleifolius y Podocarpus sprucei establecidas en el Jardín Botánico “Reinaldo Espinosa”, Loja, Ecuador.
Authors: González Nivelo Leonardo , Gutiérrez Riofrio Marcelo , Aguirre Mendoza Zhofre , Benítez Chávez Ángel
Published: July 2022

Los bosques andinos del Ecuador son considerados como puntos calientes de biodiversidad, aquí la familia Podocarpaceae representados por Podocarpus oleifolius y Podocarpus sprucei son elementos característicos de estos ecosistemas. El objetivo de esta investigación fue determinar su dinámica de crecimiento en un periodo de 14 años. Se midió DAP y altura total, con los cuales se calculó el crecimiento e incremento medio anual del diámetro, altura, área basal y volumen en dos periodos (2010-2017 y 2017-2021); y, los índices de calidad: diámetro y forma de copa, Índice de Espacio Vital (IEV), Monto de compa (Mc), Índice de Esbeltez (IE), esto permite evaluar la dinámica del crecimiento y las condiciones de calidad del arboretum. P. sprucei presenta mayor área basal (2,93 m2) y volumen total (10,47 m3), el diámetro de copa es mayor en P. sprucei (1,98 m), seguido de P. oleifolius (1,86 m); IEV es mayor en P. oleifolius (29,39), P. sprucei tiene 22,79; el monto de copa es mayor en P. oleifolius (0,58) y un área foliar de 3,47 m2; el índice de esbeltez es de 0,42 en P. sprucei. Mediante los análisis estadísticos de U de Mann-Whitney se detectaron diferencias significativas de los parámetros dasométricos, crecimiento e incremento medio anual entre las dos especies. Podocarpus sprucei presentó mayores valores en todos los parámetros en comparación con Podocarpus oleifolius, al parecer presenta una mejor adaptación al sitio. Sin embargo, según el índice de calidad se puede aplicar actividades silviculturales para evitar la competencia entre las especies.