bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Novel Formulation of Herbal Pesticide for Rice Cultivation
Authors: K Ahilandeswari , Maheswari.N Uma
Published: July 2022

The irrational use of chemical pesticides has caused serious health hazards and environmental problems in developing countries including India. Hence, the Present investigation was carried out to formulate an effective Herbal pesticide against three major pests of rice like stem borers, leafhoppers and plant hoppers and to find solution for control of pest population by traditional agricultural practices. Oil of Azadirachta indica, Vitex nigundo, Ipomoea carnea, Adhatoda zeylanica and natural surfactant are the main constituents used in the formulations. Larvae of stem borers in the infected stem and hopper damaged part of the plant were selected for the study. A total of six herbal formulations at four different concentrations were sprayed on larvae of stem borers and hopper damaged parts of plants. The developed herbal pesticides have been validated in the field as well as in lab conditions and larval mortality rates were observed. After treatment, the population of pests decreased gradually and the mortality rate of larvae increased. Herbal pesticides focus on providing solutions and relief from various types of insects that cause massive damages to the plants being grown on a farm. These products were made of natural materials that have properties of killing or keeping out pests within the range of the field. The results showed that the extent of growth of these pests was less when compared to control and minimum occurrence of pest attack and Percent Dead Heart (DH) was confirmed in response to herbal formulations. The foremost benefit of this herbal pesticide is managing the Yellow Stem Borer (YSB) pest population and providing healthier cropping systems. Hence it is recommended to use this herbal pesticide for disease free sustainable cultivation of organic rice.
Impacted Canines Classification Systems Among Orthodontic Patients
Authors: H. Y. Alfarra Yahya , Yusuf Noorani Tahir , Ahmed Asif Jawaad , Muhamad Amir Wan Ahmad Wan , Ahmad Rajion Zainul
Published: July 2022

This review covers all aspects from the viewpoint of impacted canines that were missed by some articles. Most review studies focus on the epidemiology and incidence of the disease but rarely on the detailed investigation of this therapeutic disorder; therefore, appropriate awareness of canine impaction diagnosis and management is critical prior to any orthosurgical treatment procedures. Hence, it is crucial to emphasize the means of proper diagnosis and interception of this clinical condition. This study aimed to compare and review the various diagnostic methods used to identify canine impaction, its advantages, shortcomings, research, and clinical implications to guide the evaluation and management of cases in general dental practice. Based on the current literature, the epidemiology of canine impaction, diagnosis, classification systems, and surgical options for exposing impacted canines are discussed. To determine the anatomical position of impacted canines, a thorough clinical examination and appropriate diagnostic imaging should be performed. The surgical method for exposing impacted canines should consider the tooth’s anatomical position in regard to the alveolar ridge and the amount of keratinized mucosa/gingiva. The article concludes that displacement and non-eruption of impacted canines can be managed by administering an accurate and adequate diagnosis of canine impaction, proper investigation of tooth position, length, direction, and related structures, selecting the appropriate management approach, and also reducing the biomechanics involved during canine retraction using fixed orthodontic appliances when they are impacted, and thus can restrict the risk of s urgical t rauma o n t he a djacent h ard a nd s oft t issues in th e p atients . T his a rticle m ay su ggest th at 3 D im aging is re quired to as sist cl inicians in de veloping a su ccessful t reatment p lan f or d etecting i mpaction a nd t he s urrounding structures . CPD/Clinical Relevance: Canine impactions are frequent during routine examinations. Appropriate identification, investigation, and, if necessary, referral are crucial to the outcome o f t reatment s uccess.
Association of Glycemic Control with Platelet Indices Among Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: Shanthi B , Mohamed Rabeek Jainulavudeen , Chandrika Anton Mary , Kalai Selvi V. S.
Published: July 2022

Diabetes mellitus, a chronic metabolic disease affects various organs of the body on a long-term basis. Diabetes results in haematological changes that lead to development of complications such as hypercoagulability, anemia and cardiovascular disease (CVD). Hematological parameters play an important role in the treatment and follow up of diabetic patients. Hence, the objective of the study is to compare the mean levels of hematological parameters namely Platelet Distribution Width (PDW), Mean Platelet Volume (MPV) and Plateletcrit (PCT) between the type 2 diabetic patients with HbA1c ≥ 6.5 with the non-diabetic controls (HbA1c < 5.4) and to correlate the HbA1c values with the haematological parameters among type 2 diabetes patients. The case-control study was conducted for 6 months on 50 participants between the age group of 25-50 years. Case group includes 25 patients diagnosed with type 2 diabetic patients with HbA1c ≥ 6.5 and controls were healthy participants with HbA1c < 5.4. The serum samples were analysed for the haematological parameters namely PCT, PDW and MPV by electrical impendence method and HbA1c by immunoturbidimetric method. Increased levels of PCT, PDW, MPV were found among cases with HbA1c ≥ 6.5 when compared with the controls with HbA1c < 5.4. There was a significant association between platelet PCT, PDW and MPV with HbA1c among type 2 diabetes mellitus patients. Increased mean levels of platelet indices (PCT, PDW and MPV) were found to be significantly associated with glycemic control in type 2 diabetes mellitus. Hence, diabetic patients during their routine biochemical investigation, hematological investigation can also be done which helps in easy recognition of increased platelet indices that helps in treatment and prevention of disease progression among type 2 diabetes patients.
Simultaneous Estimation of Ombitasvir, Paritaprevir and Ritonavir in Tablet Dosage Form by Reverse Phase High-Performance Liquid Chromatography
Authors: Nagaraju Gollapalli , Agarwal Ritesh , Nadendla Rama Rao
Published: July 2022

Ombitasvir/paritaprevir/ritonavir are the newest medicines approved for use in the treatment of hepatitis C virus (HCV) and are available in tablet form as an oral combination. Specifically, these agents are indicated in the treatment of HCV in patients with genotype 1 infection. Due to the therapeutic importance and increased use of Viekira Pak, proper methods for its determination in bulk and pharmaceutical formulations must be developed. The purpose of this work is to develop an accurate and precise RP-HPLC method for the determination of ombitasvir, paritaprevir and ritonavir in bulk and pharmaceutical preparations. Drugs were separated using Inertsil ODS-C18; 5μm (4.6 X 250mm) column using a mobile phase consisting of 0.02M phosphate buffer (pH-4.5): Acetonitrile: Methanol, (50:30:20) (v/v). The retention time was 2.98, 3.77 and 4.70 min for Ombitasvir, Paritaprevir, Ritonavir respectively and total run time was 10 min. at a flow rate of 1.0 mL/ min and the detection wavelength was 262 nm. The linearity was observed in the range of 15-45μg/ mL for ombitasvir, paritaprevir and ritonavir with a correlation coefficient of 0.9903, 0.9996 and 0.9998 respectively. The proposed method was validated for its linearity, accuracy, precision and robustness. This method can be employed for routine quality control analysis of Ombitasvir, Paritaprevir and Ritonavir in tablets. The LOD and LOQ values were found to be 1.8, 0.29 and 0.69 μg/ mL and 5.7, 0.90 and 2.10 μg/ mL for Ombitasvir, Paritaprevir and Ritonavir, respectively. The proposed method was successfully applied for the determination of ombitasvir/paritaprevir/ritonavir tablets, without interference from the excipient peaks. Hence, the method can be applied for the routine quality control analysis of the studied drugs, either in bulk or dosed forms.
Green Synthesis and Characterization of Cu and Cu2O Nanoparticles and its Biological Activities Using Urginea indica
Authors: Raveesha H R , L Esther Pramila
Published: July 2022

In the past decade, the development of metal nanoparticles in an eco-friendly manner has become an important aspect in the field of nanotechnology. Our present study reports the utilization of Urginea indica (U. indica) bulbs for the synthesis of copper (Cu) and copper oxide nanoparticles (Cu2O NPs). Cytotoxic activity against colon (HCT-116) carcinoma cell lines as well as their antibacterial and scavenging potential were determined. The green synthesized copper nanoparticles were confirmed using various analytical characterization techniques. The cytotoxic effect of the NPs was studied by MTT assay, and scavenging efficacy was assessed by DPPH and ABTS assays. Furthermore, green synthesized nanoparticles were evaluated for their antibacterial activity by the Agar disc diffusion method against multidrug-resistant bacterial strains. The nanoparticles were observed to be almost spherical in shape with an average diameter of 66.99nm as assessed by SEM analysis. Nanoparticles revealed dose-dependent antioxidant activity and antimicrobial activity against bacterial strains viz. Enterococcus faecalis, Bacillus cereus, Escherichia coli, Serratia marcescens, and also in vitro studies revealed dose-dependent cytotoxic effects treated against HCT-116 cell line with IC50 of 56.726 μg/mL. The data obtained in the study shows that Cu-Cu2O NPs obtained from U. indica bulbs have potent therapeutic value in the pharmaceutical industry.
ENHANCING COMPETENCIES OF QUANTITY SURVEYORS IN COST MANAGEMENT OF MECHANICAL AND ELECTRICAL SERVICES
Authors: Arowoiya Victor Adetunji , Akinradewo Olusola Festus , Oke Ayodeji Emmanuel
Published: July 2022

Quantity surveyors (QS) play an important role in any construction projects such as mechanical and electrical (M&E) projects but there has been less participation of the profession. The study is aimed at improving QS competencies to provide better cost management for M&E services. A mixed methodology was used for this study, the questionnaire was structured on a five-point Likert scale to elicit the opinion of respondents. Semi-structured interviews were also conducted with some experts in M&E services who have met some criteria for selection. Descriptive and Inferential statistical method was used in the analysis of data collected. The most important strategies for the cost management of M&E projects were site exposure of QS to M&E works, advanced educational training of M&E services, as well as improvement of QS curriculum to multidimensional needs and expected standard for M&E, works. Kruskal Wallis was adopted to examine the difference in the opinions of professionals. The results showed that all the professionals have different opinions for all the variables except for the QS curriculum should be updated to multidimensional needs and expected standard M&E works. The study concluded that for the competencies of quantity surveyors to be enhanced, there is a need for exposure to M&E works and training should meet up to the expected standard of client needs. The study recommends that academic institutions and professional bodies should update the curriculum to the multi-dimensional needs of clients so that graduate QSs will be able to face the challenges and threats in the industry.
Metodologias de Desenvolvimento de Produtos em Consultorias
Authors: Piccini Nothen Luciano , Garbe Ernesto
Published: July 2022

Junto ao acelerado movimento de empresas em busca do desenvolvimento de novos produtos para obter diferenciação no mercado, tendo em vista que muitas delas não tem uma infraestrutura com times de desenvolvimento formados de maneira robusta, um mercado que ganhou espaço é a Consultoria de desenvolvimento de novos produtos, onde um dos fatores mais importantes é a metodologia de desenvolvimento atrelado ao gerenciamento adequado das atividades. Desta forma, o presente artigo tem por objetivo abordar as metodologias existentes e propor uma metodologia simplificada para uso nas consultorias de desenvolvimento de produtos, tendo por resultados esperados uma metodologia padronizada e que permita a utilização das boas práticas aplicadas ao Desenvolvimento de Novos Produtos por empresas de Consultoria quando na execução dos mesmos em empresas de diferentes segmentos, focado nas fases iniciais de desenvolvimento.
Gestión Ambiental y Responsabilidad Social: un Estudio Exploratorio en la Industria de Tejas y ladrillos de Cusco, Perú
Authors: Canahuire Montúfar Vilma , Loaiza Rojas Ebert
Published: July 2022

Introducción. En la actualidad, la gestión ambiental se ha convertido en uno de los ejes principales para los diferentes rubros de la empresa. La gestión ambiental en sinergia con la responsabilidad social son factores claves para causar el menor impacto de las actividades sobre el medio ambiente, siendo este último factor el que asegura el cumplimiento de las normas y políticas establecidas por las autoridades competentes. Objetivo. Determinar el nivel de relación entre la gestión ambiental y responsabilidad social de la empresa dedicada al rubro de tejas y ladrillos en el distrito San Jerónimo, Cusco, Perú. Materiales y métodos. La información obtenida fue recolectada por medio de encuestas a una muestra de 102 fabricantes de tejas y ladrillos del distrito de San Jerónimo, Cusco. Para el análisis de los datos se utilizó el estadístico de correlación de Spearman y el análisis factorial con nivel de significancia de 95 %. Resultados. Con la aplicación del método se obtuvo el nivel de relación de la gestión ambiental y la responsabilidad social mediante la correlación de Spearman siendo de 1.6 % con p=0.156>0.05. Conclusiones. Se determinó que la gestión ambiental no guarda un nivel de relación significativo con la responsabilidad social en el sector de tejas y ladrillos del distrito de San Jerónimo, Cusco. Asimismo, para la gestión ambiental, se identificó que el factor de planificación es el más importante y para la responsabilidad social, las responsabilidades voluntarias.
Comprensión Hermenéutica de una Ontología del Presente en la Era Digital
Authors: Salcedo Díaz, cjm Jaime José
Published: July 2022

Resumen: El presente como categoría filosófica, expresa un carácter conductual, que se asume como una actitud (ethos) frente a un mundo digital. Este “ethos” configura una relacionalidad entre lo humano y la máquina, construye puentes de apertura (apertûs) que consolida unidades de posibilidad existencial a través de prácticas que manifiestan, no una digitalización, sino, una digitaliza-ción, esto es, una praxis particular y singular que, en el marco digital, pretende comprender intencionalmente el campo existencial del ser humano en las lógicas digitales. Esta digitaliza-ción como práctica, configura, “el presente” que en el marco de lo digital se constituye en una racionalidad, una especie de capacidad que tienen los seres humanos de analizar a través de un ejercicio mental la realidad existencial de sí mismo y de su entorno.
Medidas de Capacidad en una Práctica Artesanal de Pinar del Río, Barranquilla, Atlántico
Authors: Hernández Ponce Juan , Aroca Araujo Armando , Salas Méndez María
Published: July 2022

Introducción: El problema de investigación consistió en la identificación de medidas de capacidad, involucradas en los procesos de la práctica artesanal de la elaboración del bollo de mazorca en el barrio Pinar del Río en la ciudad de Barranquilla, en el departamento del Atlántico. Objetivo: Conocer las medidas de capacidad no convencionales presentes en la elaboración del bollo mazorca en el municipio de Barranquilla Atlántico. Materiales y métodos: La metodología empleada es de tipo cualitativa con diseño etnográfico con base en la observación participante, utilizando entrevistas semiestructuradas, con el empleo dispositivos para el registro audiovisual, lo cual se llevó a cabo en dos visitas a la artesana. Los referentes teóricos están enmarcados en el Programa Etnomatemáticas. Resultados: se evidenció en la práctica artesanal observada. El empleo de medidas de capacidad no convencionales tales como el balde, el bulto, el cucharón, la taza, entre otras; también, en esta actividad se ven inmersas otras prácticas. Conclusión: se considera la pertinencia de problematizar los resultados obtenidos en el aula de clase, como alternativa para disminuir el desinterés que en muchas ocasiones muestra el estudiante durante el desarrollo de la clase de matemáticas, en este caso el sistema de medidas de capacidad en séptimo grado. Es allí cuando la enseñanza paralela y comparativa que nos propone el enfoque didáctico del Programa Etnomatemáticas juega un papel importante, pues, llevar este tipo de prácticas con las cuales el estudiante se sienta identificado cambiaría el modo en que este desarrollará su aprendizaje.
Caracterización de Sistemas de Producción Industrial de Pollo de Engorde en el Departamento de Santander- Colombia
Authors: Gómez Londoño Jenifer , Cerón-Muñoz Mario Fernando , Duque Noreña Jorge Hernán , David Jaramillo Edimer , Múnera Bedoya Oscar David
Published: July 2022

Introducción: La producción de pollo de engorde es de gran interés para el departamento de Santander dada su alta participación dentro del PIB pecuario, lo que lo constituye en el principal centro avícola nacional. Es importante conocer las condiciones bajo las cuales se realiza la producción de pollo de engorde e identificar el potencial que tienen estos sistemas de producción. Objetivo: caracterizar los sistemas de producción industrial de pollo de engorde ubicados en el departamento de Santander. Materiales y métodos: Para el desarrollo del trabajo se contó con información proveniente de 79 predios avícolas los cuales se encontraban ubicados en 4 provincias: Metropolitana, Soto, Guanentá y Yariguíes. Se realizó un análisis de clúster y se generó un índice de adopción tecnológica. Resultados: Se encontró que existe variación en la adopción de tecnologías, siendo las más frecuentes las tecnologías blandas. Santander obtuvo un índice de adopción tecnológica bajo. Conclusiones: El sector avícola del departamento de Santander posee un bajo índice de adopción tecnológica, lo cual sugiere la necesidad de evaluar el efecto que esto tiene sobre los resultados productivos con miras al incremento de la productividad a largo plazo en la zona
Structure–property Relationship for Separation of α-olefin/paraffin on Microporous Adsorbents: A Case for CuBTC Material
Authors: Yang Ruihan , Ullah Shafqat , Chen Xiao , Ma Junxiang , Gao Yuan , Wang Yujun , Luo Guangsheng
Published: July 2022

Fishcher–Tropsch synthesis products contain ultrahigh-content
α-olefins, which are of great value if the challenging separation of
α-olefin/paraffin is achieved through energy-saving ways. Adsorption
separation provides a promising alternative to distillation. One of the
most significant differences between the adsorption separation of
long-chain and light hydrocarbons is the steric hindrance of the
molecular chain. Herein, a combination of window size, metal node
spacing, and bending degree is proposed to quantitatively describe the
structure–property relationship for the separation of long-chain
α-olefin/paraffin on microporous materials. The adsorption capacity,
selectivity, adsorption sites, and host–guest interactions of
α-olefin/paraffin on CuBTC are investigated in detail to illustrate the
structure–property relationship. The contributions of different
interactions to the overall adsorption energy are innovatively
quantified. This work guides the design of adsorbent structures and
provides a generic approach to investigate the host–guest interactions
during the adsorption or catalytic process of nanoporous materials.
The EICA is dead? Long live the EICA!
Authors: Callaway Ray , Hierro José , lortie Christopher , Lucero Jacob
Published: July 2022

An important hypothesis for how plants respond to introduction to new
ranges is the evolution of increased competitive ability (EICA). EICA
predicts that biogeographical release from natural enemies initiates a
tradeoff in which exotic species in non-native ranges become larger and
more competitive, but invest less in consumer defenses, relative to
populations in native ranges. This tradeoff is exceptionally complex
because detecting concomitant biogeographical shifts in competitive
ability and consumer defense depend upon which traits are targeted, how
competition is measured, the defense chemicals quantified, whether
defense chemicals do more than defend, whether “herbivory” is
artificial or natural, and where consumers fall on the
generalist-specialist spectrum. Previous meta-analyses have successfully
identified patterns but have yet to fully disentangle this complexity.
We used meta-analysis to reevaluate traditional metrics used to test
EICA theory and then expanded on these metrics by partitioning
competitive effect and competitive tolerance measures and testing Leaf
Specific Mass in detail as a response trait. Unlike previous syntheses,
our meta-analyses detected evidence consistent with the classic tradeoff
inherent to EICA. Plants from non-native ranges imposed greater
competitive effects than plants from native ranges and were less
quantitatively defended than plants from native ranges. Our results for
defense were not based on complex leaf chemistry, but instead were
estimated from tannins, toughness traits, and primarily Leaf Specific
Mass. Species specificity occurred but did not influence the general
patterns. As for all evidence for EICA-like tradeoffs, we do not know if
the biogeographical differences we found were caused by tradeoffs per
se, but they are consistent with predictions derived from the
overarching hypothesis. Underestimating physical leaf structure may have
contributed to two decades of tepid perspectives on the tradeoffs
fundamental to EICA.
Initial responses of influential microbial taxa to metal elements lead to alterations in the forest soil microbial community structure and function
Authors: Wu Xian , Xing Hua , Wang Xi-Hua , Yang Jiarong , Chen Junfang , Liu Xiaolin , Dai Dong , Zhang Minhua , Yang Qingsong , Dong Shu , Liu Yu
Published: July 2022

As primary drivers of underlying microbial changes, soil metals have
been extensively studied in agroecosystems. However, while their
contributions to forest soil microbial processes are crucial for
maintaining tree biodiversity, they remain poorly understood. Based on
the analysis of 1287 soil samples collected from a 20 ha forest plot, we
show that seven metal elements (Al, Ca, Cu, Fe, Mg, Mn, and Zn) shape
microbial community structure and function by initially altering
influential microbial taxa. Microbial α-diversity and community
structure responded differently to these elements at low vs. high C:N
ratios, pH, and water content. Moreover, these elements also affected
microbial functional guilds (e.g., phosphorus and sulfur metabolism,
ectomycorrhizae, plant pathogens, and wood saprotrophs) via sensitive
microbial taxa. This study advances our capacity to predict belowground
microbial processes by revealing the fundamental importance of metals in
forest soils, with important implications for better conserving forest
biodiversity under global climate change.
The variational iteration method for Whitham-Broer-Kaup system with local fractional derivatives
Authors: Deng Shuxian , Ge Xinxin
Published: July 2022

The Whitham-Broer-Kaup equations are modified using local fractional
derivatives, and the equations are then solved by the variational iteration
method. Yang-Laplace transform method is adopted to make the solution
process simpler.
Non-chaos-mediated mixed-mode oscillations in an extended Hindmarsh-Rose neuronal oscillator with time delay
Authors: Zhang Jiangang , Wei Lixiang , An Xinlei , Nan Mengran
Published: July 2022

This paper proposes an extended neuron model with time delay. It aims to
investigate the effect of time delay on the dynamical behavior of the
system under different conditions. The existence of the Hopf bifurcation of
the system and the stability of its periodic solution are proved by the
central manifold theorem. Numerical results show that the system has
abundant dynamical performance, including chaos, period-adding, and
intermittent chaos.
A fractal approach to the diffusion process of red ink in a saline water
Authors: He Ji-Huan , Qian Man-Yu
Published: July 2022

The diffusion of the red ink in saline water is completely stochastic and
highly unpredictable, and no differential model can precisely describe the
process. This paper elucidates that the diffusion takes place in a molecule
scale, therefore, the continuum assumption in fluid mechanics becomes
totally invalid, and the two-scale fractal calculus has to be adopted to
take into account the effects of the particles? size in the red ink and the
properties of the saline solution including its concentration, water
molecule?s size and distribution on the diffusion process. On the molecule?s
scale, the diffusion becomes completely deterministic and predictable. An
experiment is carefully designed and some phenomena, including optical
observation and highly selective diffusion routine, are theoretically
explained. This paper sheds light on modeling various contamination
diffusion in air and water.
Is the spider a weaving master or a printing expert?
Authors: Zuo Yuting , Liu Hongjun
Published: July 2022

This paper shows that a spider is a spinning master and a printing expert as
well. Firstly, a spider can produce different types of silks by controlling
the spinning process, which is correlated with silk properties.
Understanding the natural spinning process can greatly help for the
improvement of artificial spinning processes to control the products?
quality. Here we show the periodic motion of muscles connected to the
spinnerets plays an important role in controlling the spinning process and
the silk properties, which leads to a zero resistance of the viscous flow in
the gland duct and ordered macromolecules in the silk. We anticipate this
finding can promote a sophisticated study of other animals? spinning
properties and bio-inspired design of artificial spinning processes.
Secondly, the spider web is not weaved, but it is printed, the process is
similar to the modern 3-D printing technology. Finally, a spider-inspired
4-D printing technology is suggested.
Approximate analytic solution of the fractal Fisher’s equation via local fractional variational iteration method
Authors: Sun Jian-She
Published: July 2022

The local fractional variational iteration method is applied to a modified
Fisher?s equation defined on Cantor sets with the fractal conditions. The
solution process is simple, and the accuracy of the approximate solution is
high. The method provides an unrivaled tool for local differential
equations. Key word: fractal Fisher?s equation, approximate analytical
solutions, local fractional variational iteration method, local fractional
derivative
Effect of structure on dynamical stab-resistance behaviors of laminates composite
Authors: Wang Ruining , Sun Runjun , Wang Qiushi
Published: July 2022

The dynamic stab-resistance behaviors of laminate composites composed of
TA15, TA1 titanium with various thicknesses of ultra-high-molecular-weight
polyethylene, and polyester fabrics are characterized under dynamic stab
testing conditions and analyzed by a new method using the average velocity
of tension-compaction-plastic deformation process to calculate the ratio of
energy in different damage process. The damaged area is observed by optical
microscopy and SEM, and the impact force-time curve and damage degree are
analyzed, and the energy of different processes during the dynamic stab test
is calculated. The results show that laminates with the structure of high
strength material among the low strength materials have much better
performance than other specimens.
Zahraničná politika Druhej poľskej republiky a vzťahy so Sovietskym zväzom po poľsko-ruskej vojne
Authors: Kmeťová Marianna
Published: July 2022

After the restoration of Polish statehood in 1918, its foreign policy began to rebuild. Its limits were given mainly by its geopolitical location between the two great powers – Germany and Russia, respectively. Soviet Union. Although those states were in the position of defeated or ostracized ones after the war, they always had hidden territorial interests in Poland and did not intend to ac-cept the loss of territory in favor of a restored Poland. The relations with the Bolshevik Soviet Union, with which Poland led the bloody war until 1921, which resulted in the acquisition of western Lithuanian, Belarusian and Ukrainian territories, were particularly pronounced. Thus, the interwar Polish policy had to face with the still difficult task of maneuvering between these two stronger powers, which have become hegemons of power in this part of Europe since the thirties years. Although Polish foreign policy tried to maintain the necessary alliances with the guarantors of the after-Versailles division of Europe, especially with France and Great Britain, respectively to build the concepts of one’s own power-security bloc (so-called Intermare), the revisionist policies of the neighboring great powers became decisive for its future. Because the growing confrontational policy of Nazi Germany, the relationship with the Soviet Union became crucial. Unfortunately, in those relations, despite efforts to build regional collective security systems, the aversions and fears caused by the recent war were never overcome. The inability to agree on a common defense or the promotion of wider collective security and the excessive relations distinctiveness of Warsaw and Moscow ultimately meant the victory of pursuing only one’s own power and security interests. This, with the reality of encirclement by the totalitarian powers, ultimately resulted in a tragic so-called Fourth Division of Poland.
School readiness measurement: an implementation of the nijmeegse schoolbekwaamheids test (NST)
Authors: Ramadhini Fitri , Nasution Elsa Mutiah
Published: July 2022

Preparing children to enter elementary school is an important thing that must be known and understood by parents. Choosing to send children to school too early without paying attention to their ability and development will cause a fatal impact. Readiness for early childhood schools is certainly different from one child to another. Still, the readiness of children can be seen from the maturity of the different aspects of physical, motoric, cognitive, social, and emotional development that will directly help children in the learning process and adjust to their school environment. This research is a descriptive quantitative study to see the implementation of the Nijmeegse Schoolbekwaamheids Test (NST) as one of the various test tools to measure the readiness of a child to enter elementary school. The results and research findings get the readiness of children to enter elementary school is not only assessed from the age factor. The readiness of children to enter elementary school is assessed by motor skills, observation skills, concentration abilities, understanding abilities, and the ability to assess situations.
Development of alphabet maze media for beginning reading skills for children
Authors: Nafiah Intan Nur , Wijayanti Arwendis , Sukmono Nur Dwi
Published: July 2022

Reading ability affects children's success in understanding learning material. Teachers who are less creative in carrying out reading activities and the lack of use of learning media have an impact on children so that children have difficulty saying words with good and fluent intonation. This study aims to produce effective, efficient, and interesting alphabet maze media for reading skills. In this research and development, the researcher uses the ADDIE development model. This model uses a five-step development procedure: analysis, design, development, implementation, and evaluation. The data collection instruments used in this research and development are questionnaires and observations. The data analysis technique used in the research and development of the alphabet maze media is in the form of quantitative data and qualitative data. The results shown from the analysis of product development of alphabet maze media have the achievement of eligibility or validity in the form of very valid, in terms of effectiveness very effective, aspects of efficiency are very efficient, attractiveness aspect is very interesting. Based on these percentages, the researchers can conclude that alphabet maze media for early reading skills is said to be very valid in terms of aspects of effectiveness, aspects of efficiency, and aspects of attractiveness. Applying this media also makes it easier for teachers to adjust teaching to children. In addition, the success of using the alphabet maze media was shown in the attitude of the children, who were enthusiastic and more enthusiastic about learning to read at the beginning.
The validity of coping skills learning media to manage negative emotions for children
Authors: Muthmainah Muthmainah , Purwanta Edi , Suwarjo Suwarjo
Published: July 2022

Coping or problem-solving skills need to be trained from an early age. If the child does not have positive coping skills, it is feared that it can cause the child to become maladaptive and stressed. This research aims to test the validity of the learning media for coping skills to manage negative emotions for children aged 4-6. The learning media guidebooks and supporting products, such as posters, emoticon pictures for jumping activities, pictures of emotional expressions, story books, cartoon films, and children's activity sheets. This learning media has a novelty because it focuses on developing media based on children's coping skills that did not exist before. This research is quantitative. This research conducted expert validation to obtain validation and then analyzed quantitatively descriptively. The researcher calculated the validation results with Aiken's V formula. Based on the assessment results from experts, it can be concluded that the learning media for coping skills to manage negative emotions for children aged 4-6 years is declared valid. All items are considered valid because Vtable is 5% greater than Vcount. Guidebooks and supporting products for coping skills to manage children's negative emotions were declared valid and worthy of use for field trials
ASSESSMENT OF PERIPHERAL VASCULAR DAMAGE IN PATIENTS WITH DIFFERENT DEGREES OF BLOOD PRESSURE INCREASE
Authors: Sirenko Yu.M. , Rekovets O.L. , Polischuk S.A.
Published: July 2022

Purpose – to investigate the frequency of peripheral arteries damage by determining theankle- brachial index (ABI) in patients with hypertension of 1-3 degrees of the older agecategory (> 55 years) using automatic devices for measuring blood pressure.Material and methods. The object of the study were patients with hypertension olderthan 55 years, 150 people (50 patients with elevated blood pressure levels 1, 2 and3 degrees), as well as 20 healthy people of the same age. The study included only patientswho did not have obvious clinical symptoms of peripheral vascular disease. The studydid not include patients with persistent cardiac arrhythmias (atrial fibrillation, frequentventricular arrhythmias, etc.). Simultaneous measurement of blood pressure on the armwith a higher level of blood pressure and on the leg in a supine position was carriedout. After that, the ankle- brachial index was calculated as the ratio of the mean systolicblood pressure (SBP) separately on the right and left ankle to the mean SAT level on thebrachial of the arm with higher BP. If ABI less than 0.9 damage of peripheral arteries ona proper side was diagnosed. Results. For a detailed analysis, we divided all patients with hypertension dependingon the value of the ankle- shoulder index into two subgroups: subgroup A includedpatients (n = 141) with hypertension with an index value> 0.9, and subgroup B (n = 9) –respectively <0.9. The mean age of patients in subgroup A was 64.5 ± 1.1 years, subgroupB – 66.5 ± 2.1 years (p> 0.05 between subgroups). SAT in subgroup A was 159.4 ± 2.9mm Hg, in subgroup B – 162.1 ± 4.2 mm Hg. (p> 0.05 between subgroups). Patients inboth subgroups did not differ in age, sex, body mass index, smoking frequency. Patients inboth subgroups had significantly elevated serum total cholesterol of 6.5 ± 0.2 mmol / l and6.7 ± 0.5 mmol / l, respectively. The degree of increase in diastolic blood pressure (BP)in subgroup A was significantly higher than 103.2 ± 1.2 mm Hg. compared with subgroupB – 78 ± 4.6 mm Hg (p <0.01). Serum creatinine levels in patients with signs of peripheralarterial lesions were higher than in patients without signs of lesions of 99.4 ± 3.6 μmol /l versus 88.2 ± 3.1 μmol / l (p <0.05). Type 2 diabetes was found in 44 % in subgroup Band in 7 % in subgroup A.Conclusions. The most common signs of peripheral vascular disease were observed inpatients older than 55 years with isolated systolic hypertension, type 2 diabetes mellitusand elevated serum creatinine.
EFFECT OF QUARTZETIN TREATMENT ON MALE REPRODUCTIVE FUNCTION UNDER CONDITIONS OF EXPERIMENTAL CHRONIC KIDNEY DISEASE
Authors: Ukraіnska S.I. , Kalеynikova O.M. , Voznesenska T.Yu. , Blashkiv T.V.
Published: July 2022

The aim of the study – to evaluate the effect of five-fold treatment of quercetin on thereproductive function of males in mice under conditions of experimental chronic kidneydisease (EChKD), namely: 1) the number of sperm (sperm concentration (million/ml)) andthe number of abnormal sperm (%)); and provided that such males are mated with intactfemales to assess: 2) the values of embryonic mortality before and after implantation;3) the number of live fetuses per female mouse.Materials and methods. The study was performed in two series of experiments on maleand female mice with EChKD, a model of which was created by immunizing animals withkidney homogenate.Quercetin (QUR, Sigma, USA) (50 mg / kg) was administered intraperitoneally oncedaily, five times according to the immunization schedule after the fourth immunization(the last, 3 weeks after the start of the experiment).The first series of experiments is devoted to the study of: the number of sperm (spermconcentration (million/ml)) and the number of abnormal forms of sperm.Fertile qualities of males were evaluated in the second series of experiments, afterreplanting them to intact females. Pre- and post-implantation embryonic mortality andthe number of living fetuses per female mouse have been investigated.Results. The treatment of QUR does not change the number of sperm, pre- and postimplantation embryonic mortality and the number of live newborns (pups) compared tosuch values in the control. The treatment of QUR in experimental chronic kidney disease leads to a decrease (1.60 times) in the number of abnormal sperm and the magnitude(1.37 times) of postimplantation mortality of embryos, as well as an increase (1.47 times)in the number of live newborns (pups).Conclusions. The treatment of Quercetin in experimental chronic kidney disease leads toa decrease in the number of abnormal sperm and postimplantation mortality of embryos,as well as an increase in the number of live fetuses per female.Quercetin may be recommended for the correction of spermatogenesis in chronic kidneydisease and to clarify new strategies for its treatment.
COVID-19 AND CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM DAMAGES
Authors: Moskaliuk В.Д. , Sorokhan V.D. , Randiuk Yu.O. , Syrota B.V. , Balaniuk I.V. , Kyrushok A.M.
Published: July 2022

The outbreak of new coronavirus disease (COVID-19) caused by SARS-CoV-2 is thebiggest medical problem of the 21st century. Although the virus primarily affects the lungs,and the clinical manifestations of the disease are dominated by respiratory symptoms, butit significantly affects the risk of the development and clinical course of cardiovasculardisease. It should be noted that heart disease with COVID-19 can be observed in patientswith chronic diseases of the cardiovascular system, as well as in patients who had no signsof heart disease before this infection. Concomitant cardiovascular disease is common inpatients with COVID-19, and these patients have a higher risk of morbidity and mortality.The mechanisms underlying the damage to the cardiovascular system are direct invasion,inflammation, thrombosis, autoantibody synthesis and hypoxemia.Purpose – to analyze the data of the current literature of COVID-19 impact on the courseof cardiovascular disease, mortality and prognosis.Conclusions.Concomitant cardiovascular disease is common in patients with COVID-19, andthese patients have a higher risk of morbidity and mortality. Cardiovascular manifestationsof COVID-19 are acute coronary syndrome, arrhythmia, heart failure, thromboemboliccomplications. Patients on COVID-19 with cardiovascular events have a worse prognosis.
Dynastic Home Equity
Authors:   UC Berkeley Haas School of Business, Benetton Matteo , Kudlyak Marianna ,   Federal Reserve Bank of San Francisco, Mondragon John ,   Federal Reserve Bank of San Francisco
Published: July 2022

Using a nationally representative panel of consumer credit records for the US from 1999 to 2021, we document a positive correlation between child and parent homeownership. We propose a new causal mechanism behind this relationship based on parents extracting home equity to help finance their child's home purchase and quantify this mechanism in several ways. First, controlling for cohort, zip code, age, and the creditworthiness of parents and children, we find that children whose parents extract equity are 60% more likely to become a homeowner than children whose homeowner-parents do not extract equity. Second, using an event study approach, we find that the increase in child homeownership occurs almost entirely in the year when parents extract equity. Third, using variation in equity extraction induced by households near leverage constraints, we find parental equity extraction increases the child's probability of becoming a homeowner by about five times. Our results highlight the importance of familial wealth for household wealth accumulation and housing wealth in particular. A back-of-the-envelope calculation suggests that dynastic home equity increases housing wealth inequality among young adults by 20%.
Educação musical no Brasil
Authors: Nassif Silvia
Published: July 2022

Este ensaio propõe uma reflexão sobre as bases epistemológicas que têm sustentado as práticas educacionais com música no Brasil ao longo de sua história. Percorrendo alguns paradigmas já consolidados, constata uma lacuna em relação à consideração da cultura como instância epistemológica inalienável nos processos de ensino. Após uma breve revisão da literatura da área que circula no Brasil e que tem se debruçado sobre essa questão, procura dar sua própria contribuição trazendo a perspectiva do materialismo histórico dialético, especialmente com base na filosofia da cultura do Círculo de Bakhtin. O olhar através dessa perspectiva permite desconstruir certas dicotomias que têm sido objeto de disputa no pensamento sobre arte e ensino da arte (como social/individual; plural/singular; técnica/expressão; sensível/inteligível, entre outras) e repensar o lugar da cultura na educação musical. O objetivo final do texto não é necessariamente levantar novas questões, mas adensar algumas discussões já colocadas de diferentes maneiras por outros pesquisadores da área.
Recortes de um estágio em escola especializada
Authors: Weik Christian Alberto
Published: July 2022

Esse texto traz uma experiência com estágio supervisionado em escola especializada de ensino de música, que faz parte do curso de Licenciatura em Música da Universidade Federal da Paraíba (UFPB). O estágio se deu no segundo semestre de 2017, envolvendo três estudantes de violão da Escola de Música Anthenor Navarro, em João Pessoa, Paraíba, e o professor de violão da escola. Neste artigo buscou-se triangular sua concepção de ensino às motivações dos estudantes e à minha própria proposta pedagógica para esse contexto, aglutinando, através de recortes, reflexões que evidenciam o importante papel do estágio na formação.
Non syndromic congenital agenesis of multiple permanent teeth: Case series and recent literature review
Authors: Sridhar Sowmya , Uchil Savil R , Nayak Anupama P , Ongole Ravikiran , Suprabha BS , Rao Ashwin , Karuna YM
Published: July 2022

Introduction: Hypodontia refers to the congenital absence of less than six teeth. This absence may be unilateral or bilateral. Though the congenital agenesis of bilateral mandibular/maxillary incisors has often been reported in literature, however, the congenital absence of bilateral mandibular and maxillary incisors, as well as the mandibular second molar-giving rise to a total of six missing permanent teeth in an apparently healthy individual has not been reported earlier.

Case presentation: This case series presents two cases of a 10- and 11-year-old children with presence of retained deciduous anterior in both arches with absence of permanent successors and also aims to review the literature regarding etiology, clinical implications and management in such cases.

Conclusions: It is essential that practitioners monitor the developing dentition with establishment of a proper review schedule. Non-eruption of the permanent tooth more than one year later than expected, or even after six months following the emergence of the contralateral tooth, warrants a high degree of suspicion. A multidisciplinary team, including pediatric, restorative and orthodontic specialists, is advised. In addition, prior to formulation of any treatment plan, due consideration to the general issues such as the patient’s systemic and oral health, motivation and expectations should be given.
Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic Disruptions on Container Transport
Authors: Kuźmicz Katarzyna Anna
Published: July 2022

The COVID-19 pandemic caused unprecedented disruptions in the global economy, and container transport as a predominant means of the goods flow in global supply chains. Different measures employed worldwide to limit the virus spread, such as restrictions and quarantines on border crossings, port staff, container ships, transhipment terminals and the inland transport sector, created a colossal management challenge and caused a domino effect in delays. Consequently, it led to blank sailings and enormous rises in freight transport prices, the lack of supply reliability and shifts between different means of transport. These delays, enhanced by the Suez Canal blockage, exacerbated an already acute problem of the empty container shortage in the market. This paper aims to provide an in-depth overview of the COVID-19 pandemic’s impact on container transport and underline ways to increase resiliency against future disruptions. The research included a literature overview and formulation of recommendations. The paper contributes to the broad research of container transport management and provides insights for practitioners responsible for transport planning and disruption management.
GIS-Based Land Cover Analysis and Prediction Based on Open-Source Software and Data
Authors: Dawid Wojciech , Bielecka Elżbieta
Published: July 2022

The study aims at land cover prediction based on cellular automata and artificial neural network (CA-ANN) method implemented in the Methods Of Land Use Change Evaluation (MOLUSCE) tool. The Tricity region and the neighbouring counties of Gdański and Kartuzy were taken as the research areas, and coordination of information on the environment (CORINE Land Cover, CLC, CLMS 2022) data for 2006, 2012 and 2018 were used to analyse, simulate and predict land cover for 2024, the next reference year of the CORINE inventory. The results revealed an increase in artificial surfaces, with the highest value during the period 2006–2012 (86.56 km2). In total, during the period 2006–2018, the growth in urbanised area amounted to 95.37 km2. The 2024 prediction showed that artificial surfaces increased by 9.19 km2, resulting in a decline in agricultural land.