bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Effectiveness of Palliative Care in Heart Failure Patients in Preventing Readmission: A Systematic Review
Authors: Kapahang Osty Histry , Gayatri Dewi , Herawati Tuti
Published: June 2023

Palliative care is an essential part of the management of heart failure patients. By integrating palliative care in treating heart failure patients, patients experience calm and feel a safe atmosphere both physically and psychosocially, and with other problems, and make patients have the same understanding from a medical perspective. To summarize the results of studies related to palliative care in heart failure patients and to identify specific and effective practices in preventing readmission. Systematic search of the PubMed, Science Direct, and ProQuest databases searching for articles that included heart failure and palliative care. Palliative care is a critical component of health care for heart failure patients. In this article, the authors summarize the effectiveness of patient-focused palliative care and the palliative team in preventing readmissions and improving patients' quality of life when palliative care is applied in health care. Implementing palliative care in patients with heart failure is highly recommended for enhancing the patient's quality of life (QoL) and preventing or reducing patient readmission rates if appropriately implemented. Focusing on improving the abilities and skills of the palliative team is also something that needs to be considered. Also, knowledge, understanding, and involvement of the patient's family in patient care at home are significant.
Youth Perspective of Middle Students on Disaster Management Using the Simulation Method in Increasing Resiliency
Authors: Sumartini Sri , Salasa Sehabudin , Amalia Linda
Published: June 2023

Indonesia is a country that is located between two continents and two oceans, where the volcanic mountain paths meet, namely the Pacific Circum and the Mediterranean Circum, is one of the countries that has a large enough disaster potential. But on the other hand, this condition has a logical consequence that Indonesia is a country that has a high level of vulnerability to natural disasters. West Java itself is one of the areas prone to natural disasters. The National Disaster Management Agency (BNPB) stated that there were 8 provinces that were most frequently hit by disasters during the 2016 period, West Java ranked third after Central Java and East Java.Analyze the level of resilience of disaster management before and after being given the Simulation method and knowing the role of high school students in disaster management using the simulation method. The research method used a quantitative analysis design, with a Quasi Experimental research design with Pre and Post-Experimental measuring the resilience of students who received simulation exercises without a control group. Sampling used the Simple Random Sampling technique with the criteria of Grade 10 and Grade 11 students as many as 30 students at SMA Negeri I Parongpong, Lembang, West Badung Regency. The instrument used in the study used the Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale (CD-RISC) questionnaire. The results of the study showed that there were differences in the perceptions of youth in disaster management and the role of senior high school students in resilience before and after the stimulation method was used. The simulation method is more effective in increasing resilience to disaster management.
The INNOVATION IN THE USE OF CROSS PUZZLES AS BIOLOGY LEARNING MEDIA TO IMPROVE LEARNING OUTCOMES
Authors: Mulyasari Eka Ayu , LDLH Rr. Berly , Afrida Indah Rakhmawati
Published: June 2023

In the Merdeka Curriculum, teachers have the flexibility to choose various learning models and media used to create student-centered learning. The purpose of this study was to determine the increase in student learning outcomes in class X biology subject through the Problem Based Learning (PBL) learning model which was integrated with crossword media. This classroom action research consisted of 3 cycles with research subjects being students of XD class SMA Negeri 2 Tanggul for the 2022/2023 academic year. This study focused on learning outcomes. Data obtained through observation and post-test. The results showed that in the first cycle the percentage of successful students achieved a score above or in accordance with the KKM (Minimum Completeness Criteria) was 53%, the second cycle was 58% and in the third cycle was 78%, it can be seen that there was an increase in the percentage from cycle I to cycle II by 5% and cycle II to cycle III there is a percentage increase of 20%. So it can be concluded that the use of the Problem Based Learning (PBL) model that is integrated with crossword media can improve student learning outcomes.
Profil Keterampilan Kolaborasi Siswa SMP dalam Implementasi Model Pembelajaran Kooperatif Tipe STAD
Authors: Khoirunnisa Salma Indah , Sudibyo Elok
Published: June 2023

The purpose of this study was to describe the collaboration skills of junior high school students in science learning on the implementation of the STAD type cooperative model in science learning. The research method used is descriptive quantitative with pre-experimental design. The subjects used in this study were class VIII E of SMP Negeri 1 Mojowarno. The data collection method used is observation during the learning process using observation sheets of student collaboration skills. The results of this study were that the average acquisition of students' collaboration skills at the first meeting was 64 with the collaborative category and at the second meeting was 79 with the collaborative category. The results of these percentages indicate that the collaboration skills of class VIII E students of SMP Negeri 1 Mojowarno can increase in the implementation of the STAD type cooperative learning model in science learning.
Features of Managing Local Work on Railway Sections Serving Direct Outbound Routes
Authors: Palamarchuk Gennadiy , Kuz'menkova Veronika , Fomin Aleksey , Liberman Pavel
Published: June 2023

Purpose: Using simulation modeling to investigate the nature of the interrelationships of technologies for processing routes and train throughput at loading (unloading) stations and adjacent stages, as well as for justifying the appropriate parameters and coefficients to reflect these interrelations in the methodology of a comprehensive assessment of the capabilities of railway sections as a whole. Methods: Forecasting the volume of train, freight and shunting work of railway sections where it is planned to serve full-composite routes. Results: To develop an imitation model of the functioning of the railway section of the loading (unloading) area as a whole. Practical significance: The simulation model can be successfully used in the course of operational planning of train work by section dispatchers.
Development of a Method for Assessing the Risks of Providing State Transportation with Railway Rolling Stock in Emergency Situations
Authors: Kobozeva Nona , Novichihin Alexey
Published: June 2023

Purpose: The development of a method for assessing the risks of providing state transportation with railway rolling stock in emergency situations will create an effective method of transport support for state transportation. Purpose is to reduce uncertainties in the provision of public transportation by identifying the main causes of risks arising in the system of providing railway rolling stock, which include, inter alia, the transportation of goods for the needs of the EMERCOM of Russia. Methods: Comparison and analysis of indicators characterizing the results of the consequences of the occurrence of negative events in the system of providing state transportation with railway rolling stock; modeling of risk assessment of providing state transportation with railway rolling stock in emergency situations. Results: A method of modeling the occurrence of risks of providing state transportation with railway rolling stock in emergency situations is proposed; estimates of risk situations are obtained according to the options for choosing rolling stock, taking into account restrictions on the maximum radius of dislocation relative to the place of loading of equipment. Practical significance: Development of methods and recommendations to improve the efficiency of providing rolling stock for public transportation in conditions of uncertainty.
Simulation of Electric Braking Mode of a Diesel Locomotive with Series Excitation of Commutator Traction Motors Using a Power Semiconductor Converter
Authors: Evseev Vyacheslav , Savos'kin Anatoliy
Published: June 2023

Purpose: To consider the structure, advantages and operating principle of a new transistor converter based on isolated gate bipolar transistors (IGBT) for diesel locomotives with commutator traction motors in the electric braking mode, as well as the implementation features of this mode on diesel locomotives. To show the functional structure of the converter automatic control system for the electric braking mode. To plot a potential braking characteristic of a diesel locomotive with a new converter. Methods: Simulation modeling of the electric braking mode using a computational mathematical model of a traction drive in the Matlab Simulink environment. Analysis of the simulation results of the traction drive operation in stationary and dynamic conditions. Comparison of the obtained braking characteristic with the existing one for 2TE25KM diesel locomotive. Results: It is established that the use of the proposed transistor traction converter in the power electrical circuit of a diesel locomotive provides axis-by-axis control of a commutator traction electric drive in the electric braking mode with series excitation of traction motors and allows to significantly increase the electric brake efficiency at low speeds. The proposed solution implements the target braking force of the locomotive in a wide range of speeds, as well as its limitations due to the electromechanical parameters of the diesel locomotive assemblies. Practical significance: It is shown that the proposed solution provides the increase of the electric brake efficiency, life extension of brake shoes and wheels of the rolling stock.
Ser mãe e presidiária
Authors: Possamai Kons Luiza
Published: June 2023

Este artigo analisa duas fotografias presentes no livro Mujeres presas (1991–1993) da fotógrafa argentina Adriana Lestido, realizadas dentro do Cárcel de mujeres nº 8 de Los Hornos, na cidade de La Plata, capital da província de Buenos Aires. O objetivo é entender se essas imagens de mulheres mães, que não correspondem a um imaginário feminino e de maternidade, criam uma construção imagética sobre a maternidade em uma possível criação de uma partilha do sensível, termo proposto por Jacques Rancière. Para isso, será traçado um panorama histórico de questões relacionadas à temática no contexto ditatorial e pós-ditatorial argentino.
Poner el cuerpo
Authors: Visini Débora Machado
Published: June 2023

O presente artigo investiga intervenções artísticas que ocorrem no espaço público propostas por coletivos de mulheres e dissidências de sexo e gênero na Argentina e no Chile. A partir das intervenções refletiremos sobre o modo como o feminismo atravessa a prática de alguns grupos que estão no contexto de países “não centrais”, e permitem a apreensão de um importante fenômeno, que hoje é caracterizado como “Primavera Feminista” ou “Internacional Feminista” (Gago; Malo, 2020), relacionado à ações da Marea Verde. Objetivando compreender o momento de germinação dessa forma de produção, que é responsável por expandir o campo da arte e do feminismo na contemporaneidade, partiremos das ações coletivas promovidas pelas Madres de Plaza de Mayo e pelas Mujeres por la vida, respectivamente da Argentina e do Chile. Conclui-se, por meio de metodologia de análise qualitativa pautada na crítica feminista da cultura, que as experiências dos coletivos que atuaram em defesa das liberdades civis no contexto das ditaduras militares, serão determinantes na construção de um movimento atual, observado através do exemplo dos coletivos Lastesis e Ni Una Menos, que continuam a propor produções que abarcam elementos do campo político e da subjetividade.
Febre feminista
Authors: Trizoli Talita
Published: June 2023

É possível verificar que já há cerca de seis/sete anos no Brasil vive-se uma febre midiática do feminismo em sua multiplicidade de abordagens e agendas. Especificadamente no campo da cultura, ou melhor, no sistema das artes, esse período proporcionou uma onda de exposições em artes visuais, de pequeno a grande porte, em grandes centros artísticos e territórios periféricos, que seguem desde o aporte fragmentado da exposição francesa Elles, do acervo do Centro Georges Pompidou, passando pela itinerância de Mulheres Radicais na Pinacoteca do Estado de São Paulo, até a mais recente empreitada do Museu de Arte de São Paulo com Histórias Feministas. Tomando tais manifestações, e os estudos locais e recentes de história da arte, crítica e feminismos e gênero nas artes, procuro aqui estabelecer algumas linhas de forças dessas negociações narrativas curatoriais, e alguns paradoxos aparentemente indissolúveis que tais mostras levantam.
“A ambas as extremidades da cadeia”
Authors: Lamoni Giulia
Published: June 2023

Através da problematização de uma retórica da separação associada ao termo feminismo no discurso de algumas artistas portuguesas, este texto procura pensar as estratégias próprias ensaiadas por mulheres artistas em Portugal nos anos 70 para afirmar a sua agência em âmbito cultural. Estas estratégias, que poderão ser talvez entendidas como de não separação, ganham sentido à luz da história política, social e cultural portuguesa desses anos, distinguindo-se nitidamente das estratégias de intervenção, de orientação feminista, desenvolvidas por mulheres artistas nos mesmos anos em outras geografias, e em particular no contexto anglo-saxónico – contexto que, neste campo de estudos, se tem tornado de referência.
O problema tem nome: mulher
Authors: Cortés Aliaga Gloria
Published: June 2023

El presente texto intenta proponer prácticas museológicas en el Museo Nacional de Bellas Artes (Chile) que permitan crear nuevas etimologías, epistemologías y experiencias situadas al interior del museo a partir de la incorporación del sujeto “mujer” a la propia historia de la institución, entendiendo por “mujer(es)” a un cuerpo político más allá de su concepción cultural-biológica. De este modo, instalar la historia de los cuerpos feminizados en el museo, afectados todos ellos por cuestiones de género, racialización, clase, geografía, territorios, entre otros tantos agentes generadores de la desigualdad, obliga a la institución a reflexionar sobre sí misma y agitar las narrativas y las formas de hacer para provocar modos alternativos de agenciamiento comunitario y colectivo.
Female and feminism
Authors: Cui Shuqin
Published: June 2023

The question of “why there have been no great women artists,” initiated by Linda Nochlin in 1971, elicits different responses from art domains in China. In addition, the notions of feminism or feminist art criticism, translated from English and practiced by Chinese artists, create distinct connotations reflective of different gender conditions. Zhu and Xiao, in their Feminisms with Chinese Characteristics, claim that “Chinese feminisms must remain plural because those concepts represent the changing practical consciousness in response to historical and social developments” (Zhu and Xiao, 2021: 1). Dai Jinhua, a Chinese scholar, views feminism as “the search for different worlds and alternative possibilities other than global capitalism” (Dai, 2002: 29). A historical overview of woman and art in China demonstrates a plurality of female and feminism, and this article shows how alternative responses to Nochlin’s question become possible if one views sexual difference and gender politics as a non-binary system in specific historical contexts.
Tramas de resistência, linhas de afetos e subversões femininas
Authors: Couto Maria de Fátima Morethy , Malta Marize , Oliveira Emerson Dionisio Gomes de
Published: June 2023

A presente edição da Revista MODOS: Revista de História da Arte conta com dezessete textos inéditos.  Destacamos os artigos do dossiê "Feminismos em campos expandidos", proposto pelas pesquisadoras Ana Paula Cavalcanti Simioni; Patricia Mayayo, que se somam a um crescente corpo de pesquisas que intentam transformar a(s) história(s) da arte por meio de metodologias que redefinam os limites geográficos e culturais da disciplina e da relação entre arte e feminismos em diferentes países ou regiões.
ARAP MÜZİK KONGRESİ (1932): TARİHSEL DEĞİŞİM, MİLLİ KİMLİK VE ÖZNEL ANLATILAR
Authors: ÖNER Onur
Published: June 2023

Bu çalışma, 1932’de Kahire’de düzenlenen Arap Müzik Kongresi’ni Mısır’ın I. Dünya Savaşı’ndan itibaren yaşadığı siyasal ve toplumsal gelişmelere paralel olarak ele almaktadır. İki dünya savaşı arasında dolaşımda olan Mısırlılık, Mısır milliyetçiliği ve Pan-Arapçılık, modern Mısır kimliğinin temsil alanlarından

birisi olarak düşünülen Mısır müziğinin yeniden yapılandırılmasının arkasında işleyen düşünce biçimleriydi. Çalışma, kongre günlerini Arap Müzik Kongresi’nin de belirleyici dinamikleri olduğunu ileri sürdüğü ideolojik ve kavramsal tartışmaların penceresinden değerlendirmeyi önermektedir. Kimi katılımcıların kongre esnasında tuttukları günlükler ve yakınlarına hitaben yazdıkları mektuplar çalışmanın yoğunlaşacağı temel kaynaklardır. Bu metinler, olabildiğince rahat ve hatta kaygısız denilebilecek bir üslupla kaleme alınmış olmalarından ötürü kongrenin teknik seviyesi yüksek raporları ve makalelerinden daha renkli ve özneldirler. Kongrede yaşanan tartışmalar, oluşan ihtilaflar, hizipleşmeler ve rekabetin doğurduğu gerginlikler yalın bir dil ve doğallıkla kâğıda dökülmüşlerdir. Bu metinler, sahip oldukları birbirinden farklı bakış açıları ve çok katmanlı anlam dünyalarıyla kongrenin müzikolojik bağlamının dışına taşacak analizlere kapı aralayacaklardır.
GELENEKSEL YAZMA ESER AKTÖRLERİ VE 19. YÜZYILDA OSMANLI MATBAASI: UZUN SOLUKLU BİR DÖNÜŞÜM
Authors: BAŞARAN Ayşe
Published: June 2023

The traditional literature on the Ottoman printing enterprise has for long placed the traditional actors of the written word including the ulema and the calligraphers at a counter position to new technology and its connotations. The printed medium, however, has incorporated many of these actors, who continued to fulfill some of the most important tasks. From editorial work to the techno-material aspects of printing, these actors did not remain isolated, but garnered new opportunities for themselves in a rapidly changing cultural environment. By focusing exclusively on the Imperial Press to reveal the editorial workload largely owned up by the ulema, this paper reveals how the know-how of these scholars was critical for the transition to a new cultural medium. It also illuminates the central role played by the scribes and the calligraphers, who had allegedly ‘revolted’ against İbrahim Müteferrika in the eighteenth century, in providing the aesthetic continuity from the manuscript to the printed book in the Ottoman Empire. Overall, this paper argues that the new technology did not necessarily eliminate old professions, but allowed professionals to adapt and carry their skills to the new environment.
Book Review - Quail, Buttonquail and Plains-wanderer in Australia and New Zealand
Authors: Webster Patrick
Published: June 2023

n/a
Diphtheria and the AB Toxin Group: a History and the Need for New Toxin Therapeutics
Authors: Pembroke Billy
Published: June 2023

AB toxins have historically been associated with significant morbidity, mortality through infections such as botulinum, anthrax, cholera, and diphtheria. These AB toxin-mediated diseases remain prevalent in low and middle income countries, with intermittent outbreaks of Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli (STEC) or whooping cough by Bordetella pertussis in high-income countries. These reports warrant an investigation to better understand the distinct characteristics of AB toxins derived from different pathogens. As toxigenic pathogens broaden their scope and diversity, it amplifies the complexity of the problems posed by their AB toxins. Here, we discuss the history, structure and characteristics of key AB toxins, and report on historical and ongoing research on these toxins. We also explore research avenues that hold great promise in potentially improving clinical management of toxin-mediated diseases in the future.
Zero Shot Learning Recent Advances in Robotics
Authors: Singh Sunil
Published: June 2023

Zero-shot learning ability robotics enables robots to generalize their knowledge and perform tasks for which they have not been explicitly trained. This ability is extremely helpful because in classic learning approaches, robots are trained on specific tasks and require extensive data and labeled examples to perform accurately. However, in real-world scenarios, robots often encounter new or unseen tasks that were not part of their training data. We briefly survey works in this area to give the reader a perspective about progresses in this area.
Disinfection byproducts and related compounds in the coastal zone: a preliminary compilation
Authors: Nikolaou Anastasia , Alexandropoulou Styliani , Vagi Maria
Published: June 2023

Disinfection byproducts (DBPs) are formed whenever disinfectant ingredients are in contact with organic matter. Due to widespread increase in production and use of disinfectants and antiseptics, the presence of their components in coastal environments is increasing. However, very limited scientific literature is available in regard to the occurrence of DBPs and related compounds in the coastal zone and particularly in seawater. In this context, the aim of this preliminary compilation is to outline the main up-to-date findings and raise awareness on their increasing occurrence in coastal environments. Sampling and analysis of marine samples in the USA, Spain, China, Taiwan, Malaysia, Korea, Kuwait and Hong-Kong revealed the presence of several categories of DBPs and related compounds in coastal environments, with the highest levels being detected in urban areas, probably related to the nearby wastewater treatment plants. The investigations considered in this preliminary compilation, report the detection of DBPs and related compounds as well as the formation of toxic brominated and iodinated DBPs in high levels due to chlorination of wastewater, especially after use of seawater for flushing in toilets. New DBP groups have also been detected, namely halogenated phenolic DBPs and halopyrroles.
Dietary Palygorskite-based Antibacterial Agent Supplementation as an Alternative to Antibiotics Improves Growth Performance, Blood Parameters and Rumen Microbiota in Sheep
Authors: Li Shujie , Liu Yue , Zeng Hanfang , Wang Chanjian , Han ZhaoYu
Published: June 2023

This study aimed to evaluate the effects of a palygorskite-based antibacterial agent (PAA) as an alternative to antibiotics on growth performance, blood parameters, rumen fermentation, and rumen microbiota in sheep. A total of 120 sheep were randomly divided into five groups of six replicates with four sheep each. Sheep were fed a basal diet, an antibiotic diet supplemented with 500 g/t chlortetracycline (CTC), and a basal diet supplemented with 500, 1,000, and 2,000 g/t PAA for 80 d, respectively. Supplementation with 2,000 g/t PAA and 500 g/t CTC increased the average daily gain (ADG) of sheep compared with the control group (P < 0.05). Diets supplemented with 2,000 g/t PAA and 500 g/t CTC reduced (P < 0.05) the feed: gain (F/G ratio) in the overall periods. Dietary Supplementation with 1,000 g/t PAA significantly increased albumin and total protein (P < 0.05). A significant positive correlation was found between growth hormone concentration and PAA supplementation (P < 0.05). In addition, compared to the control group, the CTC group had higher growth hormone concentration and lower lipopolysaccharide concentration (P < 0.05). No dif-ference was observed between the five groups in terms of rumen fermentation characteristics (P > 0.05). At the phylum level, the relative abundance of Proteobacteria was lower in the PAA 2000 and CTC 500 groups than that in the control and PAA 500 groups (P < 0.05). At the genus level, a sig-nificant decrease (P < 0.05) in the relative abundance of RuminococcaceaeUCG-010 was observed in the PAA 1000, PAA 2000, and CTC 500 groups compared with that in the control group. In addition, the relative abundance of Prevotella1 (P < 0.05) was higher in the PAA 2000 group than that in the control group. These findings indicate that dietary supplementation with PAA has ameliorative effects on growth performance, blood parameters, and rumen microbiota, with an optimal dosage of 2,000 g/t for sheep.
Analysis of the Portal Website Design of Four HBCUs in MS
Authors: Xiong Xin , WANG Yixuan , Fu Shuang
Published: June 2023

The portal website of a university or a college usually represents the cultural characteristics and teaching advantages and plays a vital role in higher education, showing the style of the university or college to society and improving the admission rate. Mississippi State (MS) is bounded by the Mississippi River in the west and the Gulf of Mexico in the south, with a population of 3.1 million. It has a rich cultural heritage, and many universities, especially historically black colleges and universities (HBCUS), have strong scientific research strength in agriculture, medicine, petrochemicals and papermaking. Therefore, this article will analyze the design of the portal websites of four HBCUs in Mississippi from two aspects: user experience (UE) and functional architecture (FA), determine their advantages, disadvantages, similarities and differences, and propose some optimization suggestions.
A History and Analysis of the WPA Exhibit of Black Art at the Fort Huachuca Mountain View Officers’ Club, 1943–1946
Authors: Schacht Kayley , Gonçalves Deidre , Schmidt Aaron , Smith Adam
Published: June 2023

The 1943 art exhibition at the Mountain View Officers’ Club (MVOC), Fort Huachuca, Arizona should be considered one of the most significant events in the intersection of American art, military history, and segregation. Organizers of the event, entitled Exhibition of the Work of 37 Negro Artists, anticipated it would boost soldiers’ morale because Fort Huachuca was a predominately Black duty station during WWII. This report provides a brief history of Black art in the early 20th century, biographies of the artists showcased, and provides information (where known) about repositories that have originals or reproductions of the art today. The following is recommended: the General Services Administration (GSA) investigate the ownership of the pieces described in this report and if they are found to have been created under one of the New Deal art programs to add them to their inventory, further investigation be performed on the provenance and ownership of Lew Davis’s The Negro in America’s Wars mural, for the rehabilitation of the MVOC that the consulting parties agree upon the scope of the reproduction of the art, and request archival full reproductions of the pieces of art found in the collection of the Howard University Gallery of Art.
El papel del experto y su representación de la naturaleza en los parques nacionales españoles: el caso de Las Tablas de Daimiel
Authors: Celis Alberto , González-Besteiro Ana
Published: June 2023

Ante la idea generalizada que supone que los espacios naturales protegidos se crearon y se crean para proteger una naturaleza única, biodiversa o amenazada, este artículo se interroga sobre otras razones, que a menudo pasan inadvertidas, y que sin embargo quizás sean más poderosas e influyentes en el fomento de la protección de ciertos territorios. Se analizan aquí, desde el punto de vista de la historia ambiental y la geografía social con técnicas historiográficas y cualitativas, los discursos, las coyunturas sociopolíticas y las representaciones e intereses de los actores que protagonizan los objetivos conservacionistas del Parque Nacional de las Tablas de Daimiel y como telón de fondo del de Doñana, con el objetivo de comprender muchas de las realidades vividas en la actualidad -conflictuales o no- en estas áreas protegidas. En el artículo, se pone en relación la representación de la naturaleza con el conocimiento y poder que el experto naturalista posee sobre ella y aplica a su gestión y conservación.
Effective Stimulation of a Limited Entry Liner (LEL) Well Using a Leading Viscoelastic Diverter Acid System
Authors: Morrow Timothy I. , Fawzy Ahmed Mohamed , Ryan Abraham , Arali Vaishak , Alnaqbi Maryam , Noordin Firdaus Bin Mohamed , Alshehhi Waleed , Naseem Arslan , Zayed Eltantawy Hamida , Araque Gustavo , Belkadi Wafaa
Published: June 2023

A horizontal water injection well with limited entry liner (LEL) completion in an onshore Middle East carbonate reservoir was stimulated with HCl using a large volume of viscoelastic diverter acid (VEDA) fluid system ahead of the main acid stage. The VEDA stage was needed to deliver sufficient acid volumes to the toe of the well resulting in a significant increase to the injectivity index and more even distribution of injected water across the horizontal drain.

VEDAs have been successfully used to achieve diversion in openhole and casedhole perforated completions for years. However, VEDA stages have rarely been used in LELs because the liner design typically ensures even distribution of acid across the completion. In this case, due to a large contrast in permeability between the heel and toe of the well, the mechanical diversion of the LEL is enhanced chemically by including VEDA for even distribution of injected fluid to all compartments. Near-wellbore modeling showed that the inclusion of a VEDA stage ahead of the main acid stage could provide temporary diversion of acid from the heel to the toe compartments, resulting in more uniform wormhole length and stimulated skin profiles.

The VEDA was pumped successfully through the small 4-mm openings in the liner, and the stimulation job was able to be pumped at the maximum rate achievable by the pumping equipment. The stimulation increased the injectivity index by approximately a factor of 4. The VEDA stage produced more than 600 psi of diversion pressure in the heel compartments. The post-stimulation injection log confirmed the success of the stimulation by showing more even distribution of injected water across the entire horizontal drain, despite the contrast in the native (unstimulated) permeability between the heel and toe compartments.
Experimental Study and Quantitative Evaluation on Oil Recovery from Different Pore Sizes of Tight Sandstone Reservoirs Under N2 and CO2 Flooding
Authors: Li Xiang , Yang Weipeng , Wang Yanqing , Huang Kai , Luo Weijiang , Yu Haiyang , Lu Jun
Published: June 2023

The low permeability of tight sandstone reservoirs limits the application of water flooding to improve oil recovery. Owing to their properties, N2 and CO2 have been used in gas flooding to increase the oil recovery from these reservoirs, achieving good results. However, the oil-displacement mechanism at different pore sizes in tight sandstones during N2 and CO2 flooding, especially the quantitative characterization and comparison of the displacement effects of gas flooding, remain unclear. In this study, gas flooding experiments were conducted combined with Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) to simulate the distribution characteristics of crude oil before and after N2 and CO2 flooding in five tight sandstone core samples at five different displacement pressures from 4.0 MPa to 24.0 MPa at 60°C. The fluid distribution and oil recovery rate under CO2 and N2 flooding were quantitatively evaluated at different pore scales under different displacement pressures.

The results revealed that the difference between N2 and CO2 flooding in the large pores was considerably higher than that in the small pores. However, the variation trend of the difference in oil recovery from small and large pores under N2 and CO2 flooding at different pressures was almost identical. Consequently, this variation was only slightly influenced by the pore radius and highly influenced by the displacement pressure. Additionally, before CO2 became miscible, the maximum difference in the recovery rate between N2 and CO2 flooding was observed when CO2 reached the supercritical state. After CO2 became miscible, the difference between N2 and CO2 recovery continued to increase with increasing pressure. Furthermore, for similar tight sandstone reservoirs, the total oil recovery rate under CO2 flooding was found to be always 10–20% higher than that under N2 flooding. Subsequently, the larger the pores, the better the oil recovery rate under CO2 flooding than that under N2 flooding. This study may provide significant guidance during field production.
Simulative Studies on the Control of Biofouling and Microbial Souring in the Wellbore of Injection Wells
Authors: De Paula Renato , Jones Chris , Armstrong Charles , Streets Matthew , Walker Leanne , Mohamud Muna , Eden Bob
Published: June 2023

This study evaluates the strategies to control microorganisms in the near wellbore area of water injection wells during secondary oil recovery. Biomass accumulation in the water injection wells can increase injection pressure and generate H2S. Nitrate injections can often overstimulate nitrate-reducer’s growth, increasing biofouling and souring downhole. Thus, control of microbes near wellbore must include the concomitant control of SRB activity and the reduction of the total microbial population. We evaluated strategies to reduce biofouling, increase injection flow and decrease H2S in simulated wellbore conditions. Sand-packed bioreactors containing soured biofilms were treated with different biocide formulations over 10 weeks. Volatile fatty acids, sulfide, and swept volume rates were used to evaluate the decrease in biofouling and microbial souring. Inlet and outlet biocide residuals were measured to determine loss of the chemistry during treatments. Genomic analysis (DNA Sequencing) was performed in fluids and core samples to determine shifts in the microbial population and to correlate the observed reduction in sulfide concentration and biofouling. The results showed that biocide shock treatments successfully mitigated the production of H2S in souring wellbore conditions and prevented rebounds and spikes of H2S between treatment cycles. Nonetheless, control of biofilms and biofouling was significantly more difficult to control under the same conditions, as the microbial populations quickly regrew after treatments, based on the increased consumption of volatile fatty acids after biocide treatment cessation. Biofouling and souring were not observed in control reactors that received biocide treatments since day one, highlighting the importance of a preventative approach to prevent chronic wellbore contamination. These results indicate that biofouling and H2S production are two phenomena that can be uncoupled as distinct problems during water injection. Additionally, our observations point to the importance of using different strategies to simultaneous control of souring and biofouling in near wellbore injection wells as a means to increase injectivity and sweet production. This paper will significantly expand the knowledge about water injection procedures and propose new strategies to control undesired microbial contamination in the near wellbore area. These strategies can help to prevent loss of production due to poor water injection and minimize the contamination of produced fluids by H2S gas.
Non-Ionic Surfactants as Boosters for FR Hydration in Brines
Authors: Kelley Allen , Fontenot Kristina , Becktold Christinna , Morgan Carla , Stanciu Cornell , Fernandez Jorge
Published: June 2023

A theoretical model of polyacrylamide polymers (PAM and PHPA) hydration dynamics is explored, with emphasis on the effect pf salinity on the hydration dynamics of traditional PAM and PHPA polymers. By understanding the interactions at a molecular level between the polymer and the solvent system it is expected that the polymer’s usability as a viscosifying agent can be extended into brackish and possibly produced water.

In this study, viscosity vs. time plots are used to find the hydration rates for PAM and PHPA emulsions in fresh water and various brines. Special brines were designed, including one with Fe(III) among components. The study is done by using common, commercial viscometers, utilizing an R1 B1 bob configuration with heated cup. The overall mixing shear generated is low and kept constant throughout the runs. The temperature and length of runs are also kept constant. This allows the determination of the rate limiting hydration step, maximum viscosity and the hydration rates of a wide variety of nonionic surfactants to be explored.

By comparing the PAM and PHPA hydration rates for the neat brine, tap water and brine with non-ionic surfactant it is shown that by choosing the correct nonionic surfactant the hydration rates can be increased by over 3500% from the brine solution and more than 10-50% from tap water. It is also shown that the maximum viscosity can be increased by over 700% from the brine solution and 27% from tap water. This trend was also shown to be true using Nano pure water. The results support the theoretical hydration dynamics we propose, showing the effect the nonionic surfactants have on the rate limiting hydration step and transitions between different hydration steps. The data is strong proof that by understanding the processes of polymer hydration, brackish and possibly produced water in a wide range of TDS can be used to successfully hydrate the polymer.

The novelty of this testing is that it provides further examples of how non-ionic surfactants can be used successfully to allow PAM and PHPA polymers to be hydrated in brine waters of various compositions with no damage to performance. Care was taken to utilize very common instrumentation and to develop simple and clear procedures for testing, to make the method easy and reliable to use by field labs that may not necessarily have state-of-the-art equipment available.
Towards Sustainable Oil Production: CO2 Footprint Assessment of EOR Surfactant-Based Processes
Authors: Marie Goavec , Mathieu Salaün , Mikel Morvan , Eric Delamaide , David Rousseau , Andres Negre
Published: June 2023

To meet energy demand while reducing CO2 emissions in a carbon constrained future, one of the key milestones of the roadmap proposed by the International Energy Agency is to stop new oil and gas field developments and extend instead existing fields’ lifetime. Waterflood and EOR recovery methods aiming at optimizing mature fields’ oil production thus appears as technologies of choice. Nonetheless, oil production by waterflood is energy and therefore carbon intensive, especially for oil fields exhibiting high water-cuts, due to produced water handling. Recent communications suggest that chemical EOR processes such as polymer flood reduce the CO2 emitted per barrel of produced oil compared to water flooding, as they reduce water cut and/or accelerate oil production. Few papers however assess the CO2 footprint of surfactant-based processes.

In this work, we aim to compare the carbon emissions of different chemical EOR scenarios including polymer, surfactant-polymer and alkaline-surfactant-polymer, with a reference waterflood scenario. We present an exergy-based methodology to estimate energy gains obtained from water-cut decrease while taking into account process efficiency, including oil production, water treatment required for chemical use and chemical production. The corresponding CO2 emission reduction is then estimated from these energy gains. This methodology was applied to two case studies available in the literature, the Mangala field polymer flood pilot and the Taber alkaline-surfactant-polymer flood. Necessary injection and production data were collected to extrapolate production water rate and WOR using Decline Curve Analysis.

Results show that implementing polymer or alkaline-surfactant-polymer flooding after waterflooding allows wells to reach higher oil production rates, up to twice as much. In addition, water-oil ratio is more than ten times reduced i.e. less produced water has to be handled while producing more oil. Thus, we show that for both of these fields oil production is less carbon intensive. Furthermore, we considered a hypothetical surfactant-polymer flood to compare to the Taber alkaline-surfactant-polymer flood. Water treatment as well as chemical production energy costs are reduced for the surfactant-polymer due to the absence of added alkali, which induces additional CO2 emission reduction.

This study highlights that chemical EOR, in particular polymer and/or surfactant-based processes stands as a potential solution to reduce the carbon footprint of oil recovery while maintaining the production required to sustain the world's energy consumption.
Improved Scale Prediction for High Calcium Containing Produced Brine at High Temperature and High Pressure Conditions
Authors: Shen Yu-Yi , Deng Guannan , Wang Xin , Kan Amy T. , Tomson Mason B.
Published: June 2023

Scale prevention is one of the most important problems in the oil and gas industry. Due to the more aggressive production behavior recently, there are more chances to encounter high temperature, high pressure, and high TDS conditions. This study focuses on improving the scale prediction in the condition of high temperature (up to 210°C), and TDS (total dissolved solids, over 300,000 mg/L) with calcium concentration up to 2.0 molality (m). A hydrothermal autoclave reactor was developed for solubility measurement. The solubility of anhydrite was measured in the CaCl2-NaCl-H2O solution with constant ionic strength of 4 m. Results shows that the ionic strength effect and the Ca-SO4 association would increase the anhydrite solubility while the common ion effect decreased the anhydrite solubility. The measured solubility data can develop the virial coefficient for the ion interaction of Ca2+ and SO42. This virial coefficient can then be applied in Pitzer models to improve the calculation for the saturation index of scale. Quantifying the Ca-SO4 interaction parameters can make a better prediction of mineral solubility with high calcium concentration. The results can also improve not only anhydrite but all of the sulfate scale predictions at high temperature with high TDS conditions. This study offers a reliable and efficient method to obtain solubility under high temperature conditions and expands the scale prediction of the production brine with high calcium concentration at higher temperature and pressure limits.
Clues from Dispersion and Deposition Based Test Methodologies to Solve the Asphaltene Jig-Saw Puzzle
Authors: Punase Abhishek , Burnett Will , Wylde Jonathan
Published: June 2023

Changing thermodynamic and compositional conditions of producing fields can cause decreased asphaltene stability and initiate aggregation, subsequent precipitation, and eventual deposition within flowlines. Usage of asphaltene inhibitors that prevent aggregation and tackle the problem right at the inception is widely preferred. However, such chemistries were observed to be counter-productive and led to higher asphaltene deposition in many cases. Thus, raising the question of what approach works best for assessing asphaltene stability: Dispersion or Deposition?

The focus of this study is to explore the relationship between the underlying working mechanism of dispersion and deposition-based test methods. Multiple crude oil samples produced from different regions of the world were evaluated using asphaltene inhibitor chemistries with optical transmittance, thermo- electric, and flow loop methods. Optical transmittance method evaluates sedimentation rate and cluster size distribution of asphaltene cluster within the test fluid medium. Thermoelectric method describes the dispersion state of asphaltenes within native crude oil. Flow loop setup assesses total mass deposited when the oil (blank or dosed) and precipitant mixture is flown through capillary tubes.

The results from these tests indicated that a fine balance between the dispersion and deposition mechanisms must be maintained as these may not respond linearly or in direct relationship at all conditions. It was seen that dispersing the asphaltene clusters too small may lead to high diffusional rate within the low flow shear regime and build up more deposit in depositional dominant test methods. Variation in treatment concentration (especially overtreatment) of an effective asphaltene inhibitor can result in lowering of cluster size to a range which in effect can cause more deposition. The overall assessment suggests that not having a holistic overlook at these test methods and following the standard process of giving specific focus on a singular approach, can mislead the asphaltene stability and inhibitor performance evaluation.

The key role of asphaltene cluster size as a bridge relating the dispersion and deposition-based test method is revealed in this paper. It is seen that there exists an effective range of cluster size within which the results from different test methods correlate well. Therefore, it is imperative that the asphaltene inhibitor development philosophy must include test screening methods focusing on each instability stage (precipitation, aggregation, and deposition) individually and combine the learnings to come up with the best recommendation.
Characterizing the Effect of Scale Inhibitors on Surfaces
Authors: Løge Isaac A. , Anabaraonye Benaiah U. , Fosbøl Philip L.
Published: June 2023

Inorganic scaling imposes a significant economic burden on the oil industry. Scale management protocols typically involve the use of chemical inhibitors. Most traditional methods of investigating scale formation and inhibitor performance do not provide insights into the exact mechanisms at play. However, understanding these mechanisms is critical to designing optimal mitigation interventions. We investigate BaSO4 scale formation in flow and batch experiments in the presence of a commercial inhibitor. For the first time, we apply sensitive texture parameters to characterize scale formation in the presence of chemical inhibitors. We analyzed effluent concentrations in the bulk phase using an inductively coupled plasma (ICP) technique, performed high-resolution X-ray CT scans of the surface deposits, and applied scanning electron microscopy (SEM) imaging. We used advanced image analysis to characterize how chemical inhibitors affect the overall deposition rate. We show the impact of time and inhibitor concentrations on corrosion processes.