bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The acceleration of yoghurt fermentation using peptides derived from proteolytic pre-treatment of milk
Authors: Myburgh Jacobus , Calitz Anné
Published: August 2024

Neste estudo, o tempo de fermentação do iogurte foi acelerado usando a enzima proteolítica Flavourzyme para produzir peptídeos suficientes. Flavourzyme foi adicionado diretamente ao leite utilizado para fermentação em diferentes concentrações (0,1 g/L, 0,01 g/L e 0,001 g/L) e antes do tratamento térmico (90˚C por 15 min), onde o Flavourzyme foi inativado. A libertação de peptídeos durante o pré-tratamento com Flavourzyme foi confirmada pelo perfil peptídico de RP-HPLC. Foi possível acelerar o tempo de fermentação em 13,33% com Flavourzyme. O iogurte feito com leite pré-tratado Flavourzyme não apresentou alterações significativas na qualidade. No entanto, os consumidores conseguiram detectar uma diferença entre o iogurte feito com leite pré-tratado Flavourzyme e o iogurte feito com leite não tratado (controle). O iogurte feito com leite pré-tratado Flavourzyme obteve menor pontuação em sabor, textura, aparência e aceitabilidade geral, mas geralmente não foi rejeitado. Tempos de fermentação acelerados podem levar a vantagens econômicas na indústria de produção de iogurte.
The use of whey proteins as coating material in nanoencapsulation and microencapsulation applications
Authors: Yüksel Nergiz , Muti Istek Merve , Bulca Selda
Published: August 2024

A tecnologia de encapsulamento tem aplicações em vários campos, incluindo as indústrias alimentícia, agrícola, farmacêutica e cosmética. Na área de alimentos, o encapsulamento é realizado usando componentes bioativos, como componentes de sabor, micronutrientes, ácidos graxos, vitaminas, enzimas, antioxidantes, polifenóis, conhecidos como materiais do núcleo, e os carboidratos, gomas e proteínas, como material de casca (revestimento). Entre os materiais de revestimento, as proteínas do soro são comumente usadas em aplicações de microencapsulação e nanoencapsulação. As proteínas de soro de leite usadas como material de revestimento protegem os alimentos contra influências externas e aumentam o valor nutricional dos alimentos e a funcionalidade saudável dos alimentos aos quais são adicionadas. No entanto, existem algumas limitações devido à baixa solubilidade das proteínas do soro em meio aquoso e alta higroscopicidade, susceptível de promover sabor desagradável. Para superá-los, os pesquisadores realizam estudos de otimização de tecnologias que usam esses hidrolisados e isolados em diferentes matrizes alimentares. O uso de proteínas de soro de leite como material de cápsula, para encapsular ingredientes alimentícios com técnicas de micro/nanoencapsulação está se tornando cada vez mais comum. Esta revisão é focada nas técnicas de nanoencapsulação e microencapsulação e avalia o uso de proteínas de soro de leite como material de revestimento para diferentes substâncias na indústria de alimentos.
Successful Hemostasis Using Fully Covered Self-Expanding Metallic Stent for Spontaneous Hemobilia in a Child With Portal Cavernoma Cholangiopathy
Authors: Samanta Arghya , Srivastava Anshu , Mohindra Samir , Yadav Rajanikant , Poddar Ujjal , Sen Sarma Moinak , Kumar Basant
Published: August 2024

Portal cavernoma cholangiopathy refers to changes in the intrahepatic and extrahepatic biliary ducts in patients with extrahepatic portal venous obstruction. Spontaneous hemobilia in the setting of portal cavernoma cholangiopathy is extremely rare, and it poses diagnostic as well as therapeutic challenge. Here, we report the case of a 10-year-old girl with extrahepatic portal venous obstruction, who presented with hemobilia. Computed tomography angiography of abdomen and endoscopic ultrasound confirmed the presence of pericholedochal, paracholedochal, and intracholedochal varices. Hemostasis was achieved with the placement of a fully covered self-expanding metallic stent into the common bile duct. Fully covered self-expanding metallic stent is safe and effective for control of bleeding in children presenting with hemobilia.
formación de profesoras y profesores en Historia desde una perspectiva interdisciplinar en la Norpatagonia
Authors: Parra Erwin Saúl , Ivanissevich Rocío
Published: August 2024

La formación del profesorado en Historia debe ofrecer estrategias que permitan construir un pensamiento didáctico e histórico con perspectiva interdisciplinar que atienda la complejidad del presente. Con este sentido proponemos recuperar la centralidad de una formación ciudadana crítica y participativa, claves para la construcción de una cultura democrática ante el crecimiento de los discursos de odio. El trabajo hace un recorrido por las investigaciones realizadas en la formación del profesorado en Historia en Norpatagonia. Analiza el lugar y los aportes de la Historia escolar en el nuevo diseño curricular y su relación con otras disciplinas sociales incorporadas a la Escuela secundaria de Río Negro (ESRN). Finalmente, busca contribuir a la formación inicial atendiendo a la complejidad teórica y epistémica para la comprensión del mundo social pasado y presente.
Los apoyos audiovisuales y el Pensamiento Histórico: una propuesta metodológica para su aplicación en el aula
Authors: Calderón Pantoja Nicolás Mauricio , De la Rosa Gómez Carlos
Published: August 2024

El objetivo de este trabajo es sistematizar un modelo que considere la utilización de recursos audiovisuales como un complemento para el desarrollo del Pensamiento Histórico en el aula. Para la base teórica revisamos postulados sobre el Pensamiento Histórico en función de materiales fílmicos. Revisamos referencias en torno a la pertinencia de complementar con material audiovisual las clases de Historia y estructuramos criterios que ayuden a definir los parámetros de selección. Para la construcción de este modelo consultamos textos dramatúrgicos a través los cuales proyectamos una guía que sirve de capacitación para el docente con herramientas que lo ayuden a saber cómo desglosar y analizar el material, y cómo encontrar la mejor forma de utilizarlo a favor de la sesión y de la construcción de Pensamiento Histórico. Concluimos este trabajo entregando proyecciones en la búsqueda de siempre seguir perfeccionando técnicas didáctico-pedagógicas que vengan en auxilio de nuestros estudiantes.
Validation of the Russian version of Swiss Narcolepsy Scale for narcolepsy type 1 screening
Authors: Golovatyuk A. O. , Kuts A. S. , Melnikov A. Yu. , Zaharov A. V. , Poluektov M. G. , Bassetti C.
Published: August 2024

Ullanlinna Narcolepsy Scale (UNS) is the most widely used scale for primary screening for narcolepsy. It has a high sensitivity (83.5 %) and specificity (84.1 %). However, the length of the scale and the time taken by patients to complete it may limit its use. The shortest scale for primary detection of narcolepsy type 1 is the Swiss Narcolepsy Scale (SNS), which also has a high sensitivity (89 %) and specificity (88 %).

   Objective: to validate the SNS in Russian language and compare it with English and German versions as well as with some other scales.

   Material and methods. 53 patients with narcolepsy type 1 were included. Narcolepsy was diagnosed according to the ICSD-3 criteria. The control group consisted of patients with obstructive sleep apnea (n = 71) and chronic insomnia (n = 31). Sensitivity and specificity of the Russian version of the scale (RU-SNS) were compared with UNS and Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS) questionnaires.

   Results. The mean score of the RU-SNS for patients with narcolepsy was – 33.64 ± 5.14. In the control group, the mean score was 29.75 ± 16.68. The sensitivity and specificity were 84.9 % and 95.1 %, respectively. For UNS, the mean score was 32.79 ± 9.87 in the narcolepsy group and 8.35 ± 4.84 in the control group. Sensitivity was 96.2 % and specificity – 84.3 %. For ESS, the mean score in narcolepsy group was 17.75 ± 4.28 and 8.7 ± 5.7 for controls. The sensitivity was estimated at 94.3 % and specificity at 61.8 %.

   Conclusion. The RU-SNS demonstrated high sensitivity and specificity, while the UNS also has high sensitivity but low specificity. ESS has high sensitivity but low specificity as it is only designed to detect pathological daytime sleepiness. Based on these data, the SNS can be used as a valid tool for the early diagnosis of narcolepsy type 1.
Решение одной краевой задачи для уравнения третьего порядка с переменными коэффициентами
Authors: Apakov Yusupzhon Pulatovich , Umarov Raxmatilla Akramovich
Published: August 2024

В прямоугольной области рассматривается вторая краевая задача для неоднородного дифференциального уравнения в частных производных третьего порядка с кратными характеристиками и с переменными коэффициентами. Единственность решения поставленной задачи доказана методом интегралов энергии.
Для случая нарушения условий теоремы единственности построен контрпример.
Решение задачи ищется в виде произведения двух функций $X(x)$ и $Y(y)$ с использованием метода разделения переменных. Для определения $Y(y)$ получено обыкновенное дифференциальное уравнение второго порядка с двумя граничными условиями на границах сегмента $[ 0, q ]$.
Для этой задачи найдены собственные значения и соответствующие им собственные функции при $n=0$ и $n\in \mathbb N$.
Для определения $X(x)$ получено обыкновенное дифференциальное уравнение третьего порядка с тремя граничными условиями на границах сегмента $[ 0, p ]$.
Решение указанной задачи построено методом функции Грина.
Отдельная функция Грина была построена для $n=0$ и отдельная функция Грина для случая, когда $n$ натуральное. Проверено, что найденные функции Грина удовлетворяют граничным условиям и свойствам функции Грина.
Решение для $X(x)$ выписано через построенную функцию Грина.
После некоторых преобразований получено интегральное уравнение Фредгольма второго рода, решение которого выписано через резольвенту. Получены оценки резольвенты и функции Грина.
Доказана равномерная сходимость решения и возможность его почленного дифференцирования при некоторых условиях на заданные функции.
Сходимость производной третьего порядка решения по переменной $x$ доказывается с помощью неравенств Коши-Буняковского и Бесселя.
При обосновании равномерной сходимости решения доказывается отсутствие "малого знаменателя".
Elimination of Enterococcus faecalis in the root canals using Ayurvedic extracts obtained from Calotropis procera: An in-vitro study
Authors: Habeeb Aisha , Ramesh Sindhu , Palaniswamy Udaya Kumar , Shanmugam Rajeshkumar
Published: August 2024

The elimination of antimicrobial drugs resistant bacteria from root canals, such as Enterococcus faecalis, poses a challenge. These bacteria are predominantly isolated from failed endodontic cases and asymptomatic persistent periapical lesions. The aim of this study was to evaluate the elimination of E. faecalis from root canals using Ayurvedic extracts obtained from the leaves of Calotropis procera. Three forms of Ayurvedic extracts were prepared from the leaves of C. procera, namely Swarasa, Kwaatha and Hima. Initially, a disc diffusion test was conducted to assess the antimicrobial properties of these extracts against E. faecalis, comparing them with 2routinely used endodontic irrigants. Seventy-two single-rooted mandibular premolars were instrumented up to the Protaper F2 rotary file and subjected to sterilization. The root canals were then cultured with E. faecalis to form a mature biofilm. All sample teeth were irrigated with the study irrigants and instrumented with the WaveOne GOLD large file (0.40/.08v). The debris collected in these files underwent testing for bacterial load using the colony-forming unit (CFU) test. Statistical analysis of the results was performed using One-way ANOVA and the Kruskal-Wallis test (P<0.0001). Ayurvedic extracts yielded significantly better results compared to control irrigants in the disc diffusion assay. However, all study irrigant groups performed efficiently against E. faecalis with no statistically significant difference observed using the CFU test in root canals. Ayurvedic extracts obtained from the leaves of C. procera were as effective as standard root canal irrigants (NaOCl and CHX) in eliminating E. faecalis from the root canals.
The metabolic effect of medicinal plants and synthetic anti-obesity products on human health
Authors: Alshammaa Zainab A.A , AlShammaa Dhuha Abdul Saheb
Published: August 2024

A significant public health issue is the widespread prevalence of overweight and obesity across all age groups. This common nutritional disorder affects more than general appearance. Obesity is now recognized as a medical condition that necessitates treatment to lower the risk of diabetes and other metabolic diseases. Obesity is a prevalent global health problem that re- requires urgent research and regulatory compliance. While synthetic anti-obesity drugs are available, they pose significant risks of adverse effects and variable outcomes. These drugs,which include single medications such as orlistat, liraglutide, and Lorcaserin, and combination therapies like naltrexone/bupropion and Phentermine/topiramate are effective in reducing body fat. However, patients often report side effects ranging from mild symptoms like nausea, insomnia, and dizziness to severe complications such as an increased risk of CVD or stroke. Conversely, there is a growing interest in using anti-obesity natural compounds, including single agents such as various types of tea, cinnamon, etc. This review highlights the various mechanisms of anti-obesity action of natural plants and synthetic medications, including metabolism and energy expenditure, appetite suppression, lipid metabolism, gut microbiota, pancreatic lipase inhibition, amylase inhibition, enhancement of insulin sensitivity, inhibition of adipogenesis and thermogenic stimulation. It provides insights into the metabolic effects of both medicinal plants and pharmaceutical drugs on human health, examining their effectiveness and the prevention benefits of each type. Medicinal plants are considered the best alternative for margining obesity due to their cost-effectiveness and minimal adverse effects. While diet mod- ification and increased physical activity through regular exercise are often recommended to prevent obesity, these measures can be challenging for many people. In contrast, the administration of medicinal plants are relatively convenient, making them an accurate and ideal alternative.
A Study of Marketing Strategies for Electricity Plans Considering Renewable Energy Using Latent Class Analysis
Authors: Horie Kirana , Jing Sun , Marui Junpei
Published: August 2024

Demand for renewable energy is increasing. Along with this, the burden of electricity charges as levies is also increasing. There are many complaints about this levy. However, future levy prices are also expected to rise. Among these, what can be said to be important is how to get people to choose a renewable energy plan, even if there is a burden. In the research so far, there is no research that presents additional information on global environmental risk information, measures the impact of the information effect, or creates a new power plan that suits consumers. Therefore, in this study, in order to evaluate the influence of global environmental risk information on consumer perception, we extract stated preference data by selective conjoint survey and estimate consumer preference by latent class model. We decided to verify the extent to which the presentation of global environmental risk information is effective in improving consumer receptivity and increasing awareness of renewable energy plan selection. In addition to that, the purpose of this research is to simultaneously understand what items consumers place importance on when choosing a price plan for each segment, and to devise marketing strategies that match the characteristics of each segment.
Effects of xylan-modified precipitated calcium carbonate filler on the properties of paper
Authors: Unlu Onur , Aytac Ayse
Published: August 2024

The use of mineral-based fillers tends to reduce the mechanical properties of paper, which can limit their application. The filler surface modification is a significant treatment to overcome this limitation. This research aims to offer a novel modified mineral-based filler to provide its industrial application. The surface of precipitated calcium carbonate (PCC) was modified with xylan (XS), which is a type of hemicellulose, a polysaccharide consisting mainly of xylose residues. It is used as a filler at different filler dosage levels in paper pulp. Modified PCC(MPCC) was characterized with Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, Thermogravimetric analysis, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction and Field-emission scanning electron microscopy analyses. The analysis demonstrated that the MPCC filler surface was coated with XS successfully. The effect of PCC and MPCC-filled hand-sheet paper physical, chemical and optical properties were studied. The experimental results showed that the mechanical (tensile, burst, tear strength) and optical (brightness, opacity) of hand-sheet paper filled with MPCC were significantly improved compared with unmodified PCC-filled paper at the same ash content. The filler retention of PCC and MPCC fillers in paper was investigated, and the MPCC filler showed better filler retention properties in paper stock than the PCC filler.
Validación de la estimación porcentual de K, P, Ca, Mg y S en la materia seca de gramíneas calculadas mediante un algoritmo de análisis de imágenes rojo, verde y azul (RGB)
Authors: Ospina Rivera Oscar Fernando , Baracaldo Martínez Andrea , Anzola Vasquez Héctor José , Ayala Duarte Olber Arturo , Bernal Heissa , Acosta Urrego Luis Miguel , Moreno Sandoval Jhon Alexander , Mogollon Reina Andres , Ospina Rivera Nasly Bibiana , Ospina Rivera Aura Maria
Published: August 2024

El objetivo del presente trabajo fue comparar los resultados obtenidos mediante el algoritmo de análisis de imágenes RGB - 2ARGB®- desarrollado para el cálculo de macrominerales, frente a los obtenidos con la técnica de espectroscopía de inducción de plasma de argón -EIP-. En la prueba se midió el contenido de cinco macrominerales, calcio (Ca), fósforo (P), potasio (K), magnesio (Mg) y azufre (S) en la materia seca de siete especies de gramíneas tropicales en tres pisos térmicos en Colombia. Para la estimación de los macrominerales a través del algoritmo se empleó un dron Dji Mavic Mini 1 con cámara 2.7 K, HD-RGB, usada como sensor remoto a 20 m de altura. Se tomaron imágenes de las mismas parcelas que se analizaron con la técnica estándar de EIP del laboratorio de Agrosavia Tibaitatá, Colombia. La prueba estadística de comparación de medianas de Wilcoxon no encontró diferencias entre los dos métodos al determinar la concentración porcentual de los macrominerales Ca, P, K, Mg y S en la materia seca de las gramíneas.
Efecto de la estimulación táctil sobre el bienestar de potrillos Pura Sangre Inglés
Authors: Aguirre Celina , Grajales-Cedeño Joseph , Andrioli Mayara , Cedeño Héctor , Ríos-Moreno Alex , Vargas Reynaldo
Published: August 2024

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of tactile stimulation on the behaviour, physiological indicators, and performance of Thoroughbred foals. The experiment was conducted at Haras Cerro Punta, Chiriqui, Panama. Thirty-three foals with homogeneous weights were randomly assigned to three treatments: control (CON; n = 13), tactile stimulation (TS; n = 10), and tactile stimulation plus habituation to handling for 8 consecutive days (TS + HAB; n = 10). Tactile stimulation was performed 12 h after birth by massaging the entire body of the newborn for 45 min. Habituation to handling started the day after touch stimulation, 15 min per day for 8 consecutive days. Behaviour was assessed using escape distance and reactivity to containment during veterinary interventions on a 5-point scale (1-5). In addition, heart and respiratory rates and daily weight gain were determined in the first and fifth months of age. Analysis was performed using linear mixed or nonparametric tests. The escape distance did not differ between treatments (p>0.05). TS+HAB animals showed lower reactivity during restraint at both times compared to CON (p<0.05). The respiratory rate only differed between TS+HAB and CON at the first moment (p<0.05). However, there were no significant differences in daily weight gain between the treatments (p>0.05). It was concluded that the foals that received tactile stimulation and habituation to handling for eight consecutive days (TS + HAB) had consistently lower reactivity throughout the evaluated moments and a lower respiratory rate at one month of age.
Conocimiento de la población sobre la castración como práctica preventiva de enfermedades reproductivas en sus mascotas
Authors: Praderio Romina Gisele , Tebes Micaela , De la Sota Rodolfo Luzbel , Stornelli Maria Alejandra
Published: August 2024

El objetivo del trabajo fue conocer la opinión de los ciudadanos sobre la castración como práctica preventiva de enfermedades reproductivas hormono-dependientes y de control de la población. Se desarrolló un cuestionario a través de un formulario de Google distribuido online a residentes de la ciudad de La Plata, Argentina, tutores de al menos una mascota. El cuestionario incluía preguntas de opción múltiple y dicotómicas. Se encontró un alto porcentaje de encuestados que había castrado a sus mascotas y un bajo porcentaje que les había administrado anticonceptivos. Los encuestados consideraron importante castrar tanto a machos como a hembras. Los resultados demuestran que la sociedad ha ido adquiriendo conocimientos sobre el cuidado de sus mascotas y la importancia de la castración. El presente trabajo indica la importancia de informar a los tutores sobre la ventaja de la castración y su impacto en la prevención de enfermedades reproductivas, mejorando así la calidad de vida de las mascotas.
Prospective approaches to target bovine viral diarrhea virus and hepatitis C virus using miRNA-based inhibitors
Authors: Hakim Shazia Tabassum , HW Cayatineto
Published: August 2024

Flaviviruses are a family of positive - single stranded RNA viruses, which includes Yellow Fever viruses (YFV), Dengue viruses (DENV), Japanese encephalitis (JEV), West Nile viruses (WNV), Zika viruses (ZIKV), Bovine Viral Diarrhea virus (BVDV), and Hepatitis C virus (HCV or Hepatitis C). Majority of these viruses are mostly carried by mosquitoes and are transmitted through mosquito bites or through contaminated blood or other blood products. As of now, there are vaccines available for most of these viruses, but some are still in development and research. HCV is one of the leading cause of liver cirrhosis, chronic hepatitis C, and liver cancers when left untreated.Currently, there is no vaccine available for this virus. That is why, HCV remains a threat for public health. Due to genomic similarities between HCV and Bovine Viral Diarrhea Virus (BVDV), BVDV is widely used as a surrogate model in studies related to HCV and its therapeutics. Hence, identifying a suitable target miRNA that could bind to the nucleocapsid protein gene of BVDV to inhibit viral replication is the main objective of this study and maybe later the same miRNA can be used for inhibition of HCV. The aim of this review is to highlight the importance of miRNAs targets, the impacts of Hepatitis C, and how miRNAs are being utilized as antivirals and vaccines.
Integrating Islamic Values in Online Learning: A Comparative Study of Western and Islamic Education Philosophies
Authors: Afif Nur , Aziz Abd , Mukhtarom Asrori , Mubin Fatkhul , Lubis Muhammad Riyadi
Published: August 2024

AbstractThe aim of this research is to examine the application of Islamic values in online learning and compare the principles of online learning from the perspectives of Western Education Theory and Islamic Education Philosophy. This qualitative research employs a literature review methodology. The findings indicate that integrating Islamic values into online learning is essential without compromising these values. The research contrasts practical online learning principles as viewed by Western educational theories and classical Islamic scholarship. A significant difference identified is that Islamic education incorporates worship values, whereas Western educational philosophy focuses solely on the humanitarian process without the worship aspect.AbstrakPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji penerapan nilai-nilai Islam dalam pembelajaran daring dan membandingkan prinsip-prinsip pembelajaran daring dari perspektif Teori Pendidikan Barat dan Filosofi Pendidikan Islam. Penelitian kualitatif ini menggunakan metodologi tinjauan literatur. Temuan menunjukkan bahwa mengintegrasikan nilai-nilai Islam dalam pembelajaran daring adalah penting tanpa mengkompromikan nilai-nilai tersebut. Penelitian ini membandingkan prinsip-prinsip praktis pembelajaran daring menurut teori pendidikan Barat dan karya-karya cendekiawan Islam klasik. Perbedaan signifikan yang teridentifikasi adalah bahwa pendidikan Islam mengandung nilai ibadah, sedangkan filosofi pendidikan Barat hanya berfokus pada proses kemanusiaan tanpa aspek ibadah.  How to Cite: Afif, N., Aziz, A., Mukhtarom, A., Mubin, F., & Lubis, M.R. (2024). Integrating Islamic Values in Online Learning: A Comparative Study of Western and Islamic Education Philosophies. TARBIYA: Journal of Education in Muslim Society, 11(1), 27-36. doi:10.15408/tjems.v11i1.40392.
The Communication-Language Hypothesis for the Evolution of Consciousness
Authors: Massmann Diogo Fernando
Published: August 2024

This article is about the functional problem of consciousness, which concerns the questions of why consciousness evolved and whether it is relevant to organisms. The hypothesis defended is that consciousness has a communicative function capable of recruiting working memory, especially its language specialist subcomponents, and the cognitive-computational system, which has at its core a syntactic structure, to encode implicit information symbolically. Organisms that possess these resources were conferred an adaptive advantage since such organisms live in a socially interdependent organization and, thus, can communicate their internal and implicit states to other organisms, such as the state of their bodies, their intentions, their plans, and the characteristics of the environment with more complexity and precision than non-symbolic behavioral communication. The methodology has two phases. The first is a theoretical-conceptual approach based on varied theoretical-experimental explanatory models, in which different theoretical-conceptual definitions for the origin of consciousness were compared. Later, phylogenetic models from comparative studies provided valid insights into consciousness in human and nonhuman animals. The general objective is to postulate a conceptual definition of consciousness. The results suggested the necessary conditions for the emergence of consciousness regarding working memory, attention, high-order representations, and language. The conclusion is that the research is in a brainstorming phase. In this phase, the hypothesis is critically evaluated and subjected to approximation tests with different models. If successful, it could be applied experimentally in the future.
Association of insulin-like growth factor-1 gene with maternal growth, reproduction and conformation traits in Harnali sheep
Authors: Kumar Sandeep , Dahiya Satpal , Magotra Ankit , Bangar Y.C.
Published: August 2024

The present study explored the association between a point mutation (g.857G>A) in the IGF-1 gene and performance traits in Harnali Sheep. Genomic DNA was extracted from 110 Harnali sheep using an Automated Maxell RSC DNA/RNA purification system. A 294 bp fragment, covering the 5′ flanking region of the IGF-1 gene, was amplified with specific primers. The resulting PCR product, harboring the g.857G>A mutation, was digested with the Hae II enzyme to determine genotypes. The frequency of the A allele of the IGF-1 gene was higher (0.59) in the studied Harnali sheep population, with the GA genotype being the most prevalent (0.64). The presence of the A allele was associated with higher body weights, suggesting its potential as a selection criterion for improving flock performance. Furthermore, the GA genotype was linked to a lower average age at first lambing (727.93 days) compared to the GG genotype (753.08 days). The A allele was linked to higher body weights, while the GA genotype was associated with a lower age at first lambing. These findings highlight the potential of these genetic markers for improving breeding strategies and enhancing flock performance. However, validation on larger samples is warranted.
Study of drought periods in the Tokaj-Hegyalja wine region
Authors: Szám D. , Hetesi Zs. , Takács A. P. , Keve G. , Balling P. , Fekete Á.
Published: August 2024

This study aims to predict drought periods affecting the Tokaj-Hegyalja wine region and the application of this in crop protection. The Tokaj-Hegyalja wine region is the only closed wine region in Hungary with a specific mesoclimate and a corresponding wine grape variety composition, in which climate change strongly threatens cultivation. The probability that a randomly selected day in the vegetation period will fall into a drought period in the future was estimated using the daily precipitation amount and daily maximum temperature data from the Hungarian Meteorological Service for the period 2002–2020. The Markov model, a relatively new mathematical method for the statistical investigation of weather phenomena, was used for this. Markov chains can, therefore, be a valuable tool for organizing integrated pest management. This can be used to plan irrigation, control fungal pathogens infecting the vines, and plan the success of a given vintage.
The Spider Dance: Tradition, Time, and Healing in Southern Italy
Authors: Parmigiani Giovanna
Published: August 2024

Based on ethnographic research among contemporary Pagan communities in Southern Italy (Salento, Apulia), The Spider Dance challenges (uni)linear ideas and experiences of time and temporality by showing the interconnectedness of alternative historicities, healing, and place-making among persons engaged in reviving, continuing, or re-creating traditional Pagan practices. The Spider Dance looks at local Pagans and at their ritual practice and interpretation of the traditional dance and music called pizzica. Pizzica is associated with tarantismo, a phenomenon present in that area for hundreds of years and attested until the second half of the XX century. Affecting mostly (but not only) women, tarantismo has been described in the form of malaise and physical suffering thought to be provoked by the bite of tarantula spiders and cured with pizzica music and dance. At the turn of the century tarantismo disappeared and new forms, called neotarantismi, emerged. The Spider Dance describes a novel “spiritual” form of neotarantismo and highlights its connections with contemporary forms of magic and healing. The relevance of The Spider Dance is not limited to a description of particular Pagan groups and practices. It also makes some key practical and theoretical contributions to the anthropological study of magic, of contemporary religions, of “historicities,” and to scholarly debates around complementary medicine and “well-being,” in Italy and abroad.
Frecuencia de Cryptosporidium spp., en bovinos Holstein mediante la comparación de tres métodos diagnósticos
Authors: González Ruiz Sara , Huerta Magallanes A.T. , Veyna Salazar N.P. , Cantó Alarcón G.J. N. , Bárcenas Reyes I. , Vera Ávila H.R.
Published: August 2024

La criptosporidiosis es una enfermedad que afecta especialmente a los becerros, produciendo trastornos gastrointestinales agudos o crónicos, e inclusive la muerte de los animales. Así mismo, se le considera una de las principales causas de diarreas en humanos debido a su carácter zoonótico. El diagnóstico de la enfermedad se realiza a través de la identificación de ooquistes por medio de métodos convencionales, por lo que el objetivo del presente estudio fue determinar la técnica diagnóstica más sensible, así como determinar la frecuencia de la enfermedad en ganado Holstein. Se compararon tres técnicas diagnósticas: Tinción de Ziehl-Neelsen en frío, Tinción Safranina-Azul de Metileno y Flotación con Azúcar de Sheather. Los resultados indican que la mejor técnica diagnóstica para la identificación de ooquistes de Cryptosporidium spp. fue la de Ziehl-Neelsen por la facilidad en su desarrollo y la sensibilidad mostrada. Se obtuvo una frecuencia total del 43.4% indicando una alta prevalencia de la enfermedad, mientras que solo en los becerros fue del 63.4%. Se determinó una asociación significativa (p<0.05) entre la presentación de diarrea y la presencia de ooquistes, por lo que es importante establecer medidas de control y bioseguridad en las unidades de producción para disminuir la presencia de la enfermedad.
English and Russian proverbs about fate, predestination and human responsibility for one’s destiny in terms of their meanings, structural and semantic characteristics, figurative structure, expressiveness and cultural identity
Authors: Orlova Tatyana
Published: August 2024

The article deals with the analysis of English and Russian proverbs about fate,
predestination and responsibility of a person for his fate, their meanings and structural and semantic characteristics in order to identify the features that characterize the cultural identity of both peoples.
The main meanings of proverbs were identified and analyzed, which reveal the point of view of both peoples on predestination in the context of fate, on fatalism and unpredictability of events, on predestination in matters of marriage, as well as on the responsibility of a person for his fate and the dependence of fate on the efforts of the person himself. The analysis revealed the structural and semantic characteristics, as well as the expressive means peculiar to the proverbs of both peoples. The expressiveness of Russian proverbs is primarily achieved through the means of expressive syntax: generalized personal sentences, infinitive sentences and their repetitions, asyndeton, ellipsis, as well as through the use of rhymed endings. In English proverbs, there are more extended sentences, more syndetic sentences, although there are also laconic sentences, with inversions, and asyndeton sentences. Their expressiveness is achieved primarily through content and figurative means: opposition, comparison, irony, repetition, although these methods of expressiveness are found in Russian proverbs, too. The meanings of English and Russian proverbs largely coincide. At the same time, there are unique meanings in both languages, which reflect, on the one hand, the Russians' love of risk and hope for a favorable outcome in spite of fate, and on the other hand, the greater rationalism of the British in accepting necessity, which is expressed in the use of the modal verb must. Another characteristic feature of the Russian proverbs of this group is the folk origin of most proverbs mentioning God, as opposed to the biblical origin of most English proverbs of a similar subject.
Cohort profile: follow-up of a household cohort throughout five epidemic waves of SARS-CoV-2 in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
Authors: Silva Michele Fernanda Borges da , Guaraldo Lusiele , Santos Heloisa Ferreira Pinto , Bastos Leonardo Soares , Pina-Costa Anielle de , Penetra Stephanie Lema Suarez , Moraes Isabella Campos Vargas de , Calvet Guilherme Amaral , Fuller Trevon Louis , Silva Paola Cristina Resende , Siqueira Marilda Agudo Mendonça Teixeira de , Brasil Patricia
Published: August 2024

Abstract: Since May 2020, we have been conducting a comprehensive study to understand the natural history of SARS-CoV-2 infection in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Our focus has been on following families, systematically collecting respiratory tract swabs and blood samples, monitoring symptoms, and gathering data on vaccine status. This paper aims to describe the household cohort across five epidemic waves of SARS-CoV-2, providing an overview of the collected data and a description of the epidemiological, clinical, and immunological characteristics and incidence of SARS-CoV-2 infection. Our cohort includes 691 participants from 189 households. During the five epidemic waves, we detected 606 infections. The incidence density of SARS-CoV-2 infection ranged from 4 (Delta) to 56 (B.1.1.33) per 1,000 person-week, with a peak in wave B.1.1.33 in all age groups. The seroprevalence of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies (IgG anti spike protein) varied from 37%, in the pre-VoC period, to 99%, in the Omicron period, progressively increasing after each wave in a similar manner regardless of age. As we have monitored the cohort continuously since the beginning of the pandemic, we were able to collect data across different scenarios according to the predominant lineage in circulation. Via active monitoring of families, we were able to carry out an epidemiological surveillance on SARS-CoV-2, including its variants, persistence of symptoms, and changes in immunity over time in the population, contributing to knowledge of the natural history of SARS-CoV-2 infection.
“Buen vivir es estar en paz y armonía con todo lo que nos rodea”: estudio cualitativo sobre el buen vivir en el pueblo indígena Kankuamo de Colombia
Authors: Boor Catharina van der , Sánchez-Díaz Giovanna Catalina , Guevara-Morales Luisa Juliana , Molina-Bulla Carlos Iván , Agudelo-Ortiz Diana Marcela , Montero-Villazón Adolfo José , Villazón-Rodríguez Mario de Jesús , Maestre-Arias Lilibeth , Aponte-Canencio Diego Mauricio
Published: August 2024

Resumen: El pueblo Kankuamo es uno de los 102 pueblos originarios de Colombia, que se encuentran en el proceso de desarrollo de estrategias para la autogestión de salud individual y colectiva. Este artículo tiene como objetivo investigar, identificar y analizar, de forma colaborativa e intercultural, los factores que influyen en el bienestar del pueblo Kankuamo, utilizando el Enfoque de Capacidades propuesto por Amartya Sen. Con este fin, se llevaron a cabo tres grupos focales con la participación de 37 personas de las 15 comunidades del resguardo Kankuamo. Las transcripciones fueron analizadas mediante un análisis temático. De los grupos focales surgieron tres temas centrales para el bienestar de los Kankuamo: (i) armonía entre la naturaleza y los seres humanos, (ii) convivencia social y (iii) autodeterminación. Estos temas reflejan los principios y valores fundamentales que guían a la comunidad hacia el bienestar, la expansión de sus capacidades, la armonía y el desarrollo integral. Los resultados sugieren que los aspectos materiales desempeñan un papel secundario en el concepto de bienestar de la comunidad Kankuamo, y además confirman que es fundamental considerar una visión colectiva de capacidades, no solo individuales, en contextos indígenas. Estudios como este pueden contribuir al desarrollo de enfoques más contextualmente apropiados para evaluar y medir la calidad de vida y el bienestar de las comunidades indígenas, incluyendo el pueblo Kankuamo.
Productivity, nutritional composition, and presence of mycotoxins in different corn hybrids
Authors: Vidal Juliano Kobs , Simões Cristina Tonial , Silva Cristiane Rosa da , Schlösser Luara Medianeira de Lima , Madalosso Tiago , Mallmann Carlos Augusto
Published: August 2024

ABSTRACT: An experiment was conducted to assess the crop yield, nutritional composition, and mycotoxin contamination in different corn hybrids. The impact of these variables on the feed formulation cost of starter diets for broilers was also evaluated. A total of 150 samples from 50 corn hybrids was obtained from a field experiment. Nutrients were predicted by NIRS and mycotoxins were analyzed by HPLC-MS/MS. Data were submitted to analysis of variance and corn hybrids were grouped using Scott-Knott test at 5% significance. Pearson correlation analysis was performed among the main variables. Most of the variables were different among corn hybrids (P < 0.05), with exception of available phosphorus (Av. P), damaged grains, and DON and ZEA contaminations (P > 0.05). Crop yield had a positive correlation (P < 0.05) with feed formulation cost (r = 0.35) and a negative correlation (P < 0.05) with crude protein (-0.42), digestible (dig.) Thr (-0.42), and dig. Met+Cys (-0.42). The feed cost correlated positively (P < 0.05) with FUM (0.33) and ZEA (0.29), and negatively (P < 0.05) with crude protein (-0.74). Different corn hybrids vary in their productivity, nutritional content and mycotoxins contamination. It was demonstrated that an increase in the crop yield might be related to a reduction in corn nutritional content and quality, resulting in an increase in feed formulation cost.
Flowering phenology and pollen characteristics of cultivated populations of Paeonia ostii ‘Feng dan’ at different altitudes
Authors: Li Xinwei , Li Ting , Shao Yuru , Ma Haoang , Hou Xiaogai , Qiao Qi
Published: August 2024

ABSTRACT: From a pollination biology standpoint, this study compared modifications in the flowering phenology, soluble sugar and protein content of pollen, antioxidant enzyme system, and storage traits of five cultivated populations of Paeonia ostii ‘Feng dan’ at various altitudes in Luoyang. The findings indicated that the first blooming phase was delayed at greater altitudes. There was a significant difference in the soluble sugar content of pollen between sites; and there was no discernible relationship between soluble sugar content and altitude. With increasing altitude, there is a tendency for soluble protein content to decrease. The activities of antioxidant enzymes in pollen from cultivated populations at varying altitudes showed SOD and POD enzyme activities generally increasing with decreasing temperature, whereas CAT enzymes showed divergent patterns. Differences existed in the storage time of pollen across populations at different altitudes, and pollen from higher altitudes appeared to be better adapted to low-temperature storage environments. The rate of decrease in pollen viability under dry storage at -74.7 °C was significantly lower than under other storage conditions. The comprehensive analysis concludes that the variations in ‘Feng dan’ cultivation populations within the same region at different altitude zones can be leveraged for cross-pollination among proximate populations, utilizing low-temperature dry pollen storage technology, with the aim of achieving abundant oil peony production.
Prevalência e perfil de suscetibilidade da colonização por Streptococcus do grupo B em gestantes da Amazônia Brasileira
Authors: Carvalho Anjo Gabriel , Rodrigues Renata Santos , Rodrigues Mariana Delfino , Oliveira Letícia Pereira de , Belém Mayra Gyovana Leite , Ricarte Michelle Juliana Vieira Gomes , Dorneles Nagilla Wynne dos Santos , Rocha Paulo Ricardo Dell’Armelina , Lima Núcia Cristiane da Silva , Lima Claudete Martins , Watanabe Michel , Pinto Tatiana de Castro Abreu , Taborda Roger Lafontaine Mesquita , Matos Najla Benevides
Published: August 2024

Resumo Objetivos: avaliar a prevalência e os fatores epidemiológicos associados à colonização por Streptococcus do grupo B (GBS) em gestantes na cidade de Porto Velho, Rondônia. Métodos: GBS foi identificado e isolado por métodos genotípicos e microbiológicos a partir de amostras retovaginais de grávidas com 35-37 semanas de gestação. Os dados epidemiológicos foram coletados através de questionários e sua correlação com a presença de colonização foi avaliada. O perfil de susceptibilidade antimicrobiana foi determinado pelo método de disco-difusão. Resultado: um total de 22.5% (102/453) gestantes foram colonizadas por GBS. Um nível mais alto de colonização foi observado no sítio vaginal (17.6%) em comparação ao sítio retal. Não encontramos nenhum fator sociodemográfico ou obstétrico associado a um risco aumentado de colonização por GBS. Todas as amostras foram suscetíveis aos antibióticos penicilina, ampicilina, cefazolina e ceftriaxona. Em contraste, as taxas de resistência à tetraciclina (74.1%), eritromicina (14.1%) e clindamicina (3.5%) foram observadas. Conclusões: a prevalência de GBS, bem como a ausência de preditores de colonização, demonstraram a necessidade de triagem universal para GBS em todas as gestantes da região. Além disso, mostramos que os antimicrobianos de primeira linha recomendados para profilaxia são boas opções para a prevenção da doença GBS neonatal na região.
Nursing workload and severity of COVID-19 patients in the Intensive Care Unit
Authors: Santos Wesley Cajaiba , Lopes Maria Carolina Barbosa Teixeira , Vancini-Campanharo Cassia Regina , Boschetti Daniela , Dias Sirlei Oliveira da Silva , Castro Meire Cristina Novelli e , Piacezzi Luis Humberto Vieri , Batista Ruth Ester Assayag
Published: August 2024

ABSTRACT Objective: To evaluate the workload and severity of patients in the Intensive Care Unit (ICU) with COVID-19. Method: Cross-sectional, analytical study carried out in the ICU of a private hospital. All patients over the age of 18 with a diagnosis of COVID-19 admitted from September 2020 to June 2021 were included. Workload assessed by the Nursing Activities Score (NAS), and severity by the Sequential Organ Failure Assessment. Descriptive and inferential analyses were performed. Results: 217 patients were included, mostly men, mean age 62.41 years, white, obese, non-smokers and sedentary. The average NAS was 84.79. Staffing was in line with legislation and NAS. NAS was not associated with severity. Severity was associated with higher age, gender, comorbidities, sedentary lifestyle, time on mechanical ventilation, hospitalization and death. Conclusion: Workload was high and not associated with severity or outcomes. Severity was associated with demographic and clinical conditions. This study shows the importance of staff sizing, with a view to promoting safety and quality of care.
PROFILE OF FEMALE USERS OF PRESCRIBED PSYCHOTROPICS IN A PRISON UNIT IN MINAS GERAIS
Authors: Carvalho Maria Theresa Veloso Figueiredo de , Alves Adriana Moreira , Oliveira Jaqueline Lemos de , Santos Stéfani Cristina de Souza , Almeida Janaína Cristina Pasquini de , Souza Jacqueline de
Published: August 2024

ABSTRACT Objective: to analyze the profile of women who use prescribed psychotropic drugs in a female prison unit. Method: this is a quantitative, exploratory, descriptive cross-sectional study developed with the population of a female penitentiary complex in the state of Minas Gerais. The total population admitted to the institution during the collection period was 363 people deprived of liberty and all were included in the analysis. Data were collected between August and December 2022 from the institutional database and were analyzed according to statistical tests (descriptive statistics and dispersion measures, Mann-Whitney test and Chi-squared test). Results: the sample was composed of young women of African descent, with a low education level, mothers and who did not receive visitors. Approximately 70% (n=250) used some prescribed psychotropic drug. The most frequent psychiatric diagnoses were anxiety disorders, followed by mood disorders. Women who used prescribed psychotropic drugs had a higher median length of incarceration. There was a significant association between the use of psychotropic drugs and chronic diseases. Conclusion: the identified profile reaffirms the effects of existing differences regarding gender. Even with the increase in public policies aimed at women, their specificities are often disregarded. Regarding the use of psychotropic drugs, it is suggested that the high rate corresponds to the conditions generated by incarceration.