bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Associação entre as taxas de incidência de sífilis gestacional e sífilis congênita e a cobertura de pré-natal no Estado da Bahia, Brasil
Authors: Soares Maria Auxiliadora Santos , Aquino Rosana
Published: July 2021

O objetivo deste estudo foi analisar a associação entre as taxas de incidência da sífilis gestacional e da sífilis congênita e a cobertura de pré-natal no período de 2007 a 2017 no Estado da Bahia, Brasil. Trata-se de um estudo ecológico e longitudinal, cujas unidades de análise foram os municípios do Estado da Bahia. Foram utilizados dados secundários, obtidos nas bases de dados dos Sistemas de Informação em Saúde. A análise da associação entre as taxas de incidência e a cobertura do pré-natal foi realizada por meio de dados em painel, utilizando o modelo fixo com resposta binomial negativa, controlada pelas variáveis socioeconômica, demográfica e de tempo. Nas análises multivariadas, a cobertura de pré-natal apresentou associação positiva estatisticamente significante com a taxa de incidência de sífilis gestacional, mas não foi observada associação com a taxa de incidência de sífilis congênita. Tendo como referência o grupo de municípios com cobertura pré-natal < 45%, a taxa de incidência de sífilis gestacional aumentou em 22% e 25%, respectivamente nos municípios com cobertura de pré-natal entre 45%-64,9% (RR = 1,22; IC95%: 1,11-1,33) e ≥ 65% (RR = 1,25; IC95%: 1,10-1,43). Os achados do estudo indicam que, embora a ampliação da cobertura de atenção pré-natal nos municípios baianos tenha contribuído para a melhoria da detecção dos casos de sífilis gestacional, não houve impacto na redução da taxa de incidência de sífilis congênita. A assistência pré-natal prestada apresenta limitações, que devem ser alvo de intervenções que promovam a prevenção e o bloqueio da transmissão vertical da sífilis.
Do global ao local: desafios para redução de riscos à saúde relacionados com mudanças climáticas, desastre e Emergências em Saúde Pública
Authors: Silva Mariano Andrade da , Xavier Diego Ricardo , Rocha Vânia
Published: July 2021

RESUMO Pela primeira vez na história, presenciam-se transformações no padrão esperado do clima com consequências ainda desconhecidas para sociedade industrial moderna. Esses riscos globais ocorrem em um mundo cada vez mais conectado, com população crescente e ambientalmente degradado, tendo como pano de fundo um cenário em que há uma relação proporcionalmente inversa entre os países, populações e grupos sociais que sofrem, de modo mais amplo e intenso, os riscos e danos provocados pelas mudanças climáticas. Um dos impactos imediatos já observados é o aumento na frequência e na magnitude de eventos extremos, gerando cenários propícios ao surgimento de emergências em saúde. Este artigo teve como objetivo apresentar os principais desafios para redução de riscos à saúde relacionados com mudanças no clima, desastre e Emergências em Saúde Pública; os principais avanços nas políticas sobre o tema; e ações de saúde dentro desse complexo cenário social, ambiental e sanitário iminente. Como resultado, apresentam-se os principais acordos globais relacionados e as necessidades de ampliação do Sistema Nacional de Redução de Riscos à Saúde visando fortalecer as ações necessárias, a fim de obter resposta adequada aos fatores de risco apresentados. Para tanto, apresentam-se seis recomendações necessária à elaboração desse sistema.
Interlocução das políticas públicas ante a gestão de riscos de desastres: a necessidade da intersetorialidade
Authors: Vieira Maluci Solange , Alves Roberta Borghetti
Published: July 2021

RESUMO No Brasil, o modo de realizar a gestão de riscos de desastres mudou a partir da Lei nº 12.608 da Política Nacional de Proteção e Defesa Civil (PNPDEC), em 2012, que preza pelo desenvolvimento sustentável por meio da integração de políticas públicas e de suas respectivas estratégias visando à garantia dos direitos humanos. Nesse sentido, a pesquisa analisou as ações de interlocução das políticas públicas ante a gestão de riscos de desastres em uma cidade da região da Foz do Rio Itajaí, Santa Catarina, Brasil. O estudo qualitativo exploratório foi realizado mediante um roteiro de entrevista semiestruturado, respondido por 12 participantes atuantes em 9 diferentes órgãos que colaboram para a gestão de riscos de desastres. A utilização da Grounded Theory permitiu que os dados fossem analisados e discutidos por intermédio do conteúdo das respostas e fundamentos teóricos. Evidenciaram-se a ausência de ações intersetoriais voltadas à vulnerabilidade socioambiental, o enfoque em ações de resposta ao desastre e a dificuldade em dar continuidade aos trabalhos realizados devido às interrupções ocasionadas por mudanças nos cargos políticos. Sugere-se que a vulnerabilidade socioambiental seja trabalhada transversalmente em todas as etapas, articulada entre todos os atores do processo.
Potencial de SIG participativos na Gestão de Riscos de Desastres e Emergências em Saúde
Authors: Freitas Leonardo Esteves de , Nunes Flávio Souza Brasil
Published: July 2021

RESUMO A Gestão de Riscos de Desastres e Emergências em Saúde (GRDES) constitui um dos temas importantes na Agenda 2030. No Brasil, apresenta contornos agudos, tendo em vista que a ocorrência e magnitude desses eventos têm crescido. Grandes esforços e investimentos voltados para a Gestão de Riscos de Desastres vêm sendo realizados. Um elemento fundamental é incorporar o conhecimento popular nos modelos de análise. Nesse sentido, moradores de Nova Friburgo, instituições de ensino e/ou pesquisa e poder público criaram, em 2014, uma rede colaborativa com objetivo de reduzir riscos de desastres. Uma das ações preconizadas por essa rede é a construção de um Sistema de Informação Geográfica (SIG) capaz de apoiar as atividades de GRDES. O presente trabalho discute a construção dessa base de dados. Foram realizados esforços em levantamentos, organização e sistematização de informações geográficas de diversas fontes e escalas, além de terem sido aplicadas técnicas de mapeamento participativo para levantamento de informações com moradores. Como resultado, esse SIG tornou-se uma ferramenta de integração entre saberes científicos e populares capaz de subsidiar o conjunto de processos relacionados com a GRDES em escala local.
Desastre da Vale: o desafio do cuidado em Saúde Mental e Atenção Psicossocial no SUS
Authors: Noal Débora da Silva , Braga Vanuse Maria Resende , Leal Mariana Bertol , Vargas Angela Ribeiro , Eliazar Paula
Published: July 2021

RESUMO Em 25 de janeiro de 2019, a barragem Córrego do Feijão da empresa Vale S.A., em Brumadinho, Minas Gerais, rompeu-se atingindo a área administrativa da empresa e a área rural do entorno, deixando corpos, capacidade produtiva e de subsistência, memórias e trajetórias sob a lama de rejeito de minérios. O rompimento da barragem desencadeou a morte direta de 249 pessoas e deixou 137 pessoas desabrigadas. Este artigo teve como objetivo relatar a experiência da implementação da estratégia de Saúde Mental e Atenção Psicossocial no Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS), considerando os três entes federados, bem como os atores que compuseram a estratégia desde as primeiras horas após o desastre até o final dos primeiros seis meses. Muitos foram os desafios para que o SUS se readaptasse à nova conjuntura, particularmente pela combinação dos seguintes fatores: sofrimento intenso e amplitude das perdas socioafetivas vivenciadas; escassez de emprego e recursos financeiros; consequências ambientais ainda pouco mensuradas; e demanda por ressignificação de uma identidade da comunidade residente. Um trabalho articulado entre o SUS e os diferentes setores, como a educação e a assistência social, mostrou-se importante e primordial, indicando ser necessária a continuidade desses pontos na agenda do SUS.
Health surveillance and development of children with congenital Zika Virus syndrome: an integrative literature review
Authors: Matiello Fernanda de Brito , Hilário Jeniffer Stephanie Marques , Gondim Ellen Cristina , Santos Darci Neves , Mello Débora Falleiros de
Published: July 2021

ABSTRACT Objective: To identify scientific knowledge about the attention to health surveillance and development of Brazilian children under the age of three years involving the Congenital Zika virus (ZIKV) Syndrome. Data sources: This is an integrative literature review of primary studies with Brazilian children under three years of age from 2015 to 2019. The searches were carried out in the databases Latin American and Caribbean Literature in Health Sciences (LILACS), US National Library of Medicine (PubMed), Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL), SCOPUS and Web of Science. It was carried out by crossing the keywords in English (child, child development and Zika virus) and in Portuguese (criança, desenvolvimento infantil e Zika vírus), with the combination of the Boolean operator “AND”. Data synthesis: The knowledge produced is related to the specific health and development problems of children affected by the Congenital ZIKV Syndrome, with clinical characteristics, care demands, multiprofessional performance, health monitoring and surveillance needs. Conclusions: This integrative review synthesized scientific knowledge by adding aspects that reinforce the relevance of appropriate approaches to assess and care for children, linked to the engagement of caregivers, the need to document, evaluate and track the situations of children in early childhood and long-term, management coordination of care and its challenges in the context of primary health care.
Saúde das trabalhadoras da pesca artesanal: cenários desconhecidos do Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS)
Authors: Lopes Isabelle Bernardina da Silva , Bezerra Maria das Graças Viana , Silva Luiz Rons Caúla , Andrade Naila Saskia Melo , Carneiro Fernando Ferreira , Pessoa Vanira Matos
Published: July 2021

Resumo Objetivo: compreender a percepção de trabalhadoras da pesca artesanal acerca dos riscos e agravos relacionados ao trabalho e das ações de promoção à saúde dirigidas a sua atividade produtiva. Métodos: pesquisa-ação com sete pescadoras e marisqueiras do rio Pacoti, em Eusébio, Ceará. A coleta de dados foi realizada no domicílio das trabalhadoras em 2019. As entrevistas foram gravadas, transcritas e seu conteúdo analisado por meio da análise de discurso. Resultados: as mulheres pescadoras têm baixa escolaridade e renda. Enfrentam condições de trabalho precárias em ambiente inóspito (manguezal). Relatam quedas, fraturas, ferimentos, afogamentos e sintomas de distúrbios musculoesqueléticos relacionados ao trabalho, porém não consideram que estejam expostas à riscos. Esses acidentes são vistos por elas como inerentes ao processo produtivo e os agravos à saúde não são percebidos como decorrentes do trabalho. Também não identificam ações de promoção de saúde dirigidas a elas. Conclusão: as situações relatadas e vivenciadas pelas trabalhadoras indicam que o serviço de saúde local ainda não atua a partir de uma visão de Saúde do Trabalhador. Há necessidade do Sistema Único de Saúde avançar na promoção da saúde, por meio de educação, vigilância e atenção em saúde com foco na prevenção de agravos relacionados à pesca artesanal.
Análise da fluência verbal semântica em idosos altamente escolarizados
Authors: Brincker Letícia , Pinheiro Emanuelle Mirlley Lima , Cera Maysa Luchesi , Satler Corina
Published: July 2021

RESUMO Objetivo comparar o desempenho de idosos saudáveis com alta escolaridade nas análises quantitativas e qualitativas do Teste de Fluência Verbal Semântica, nas categorias ”animais” e ”frutas”, comparar o desempenho de subgrupos de participantes (com escolaridade alta e muito alta) em ambas as categorias, assim como o desempenho entre homens e mulheres. Métodos participaram do estudo 31 idosos, (>60 anos), com oito anos ou mais de escolaridade, procedentes do Distrito Federal (DF-Brasil). Todos realizaram o teste de 60 segundos, nas duas categorias. Foram analisados: total de palavras, clustering, switching, intersecção, retorno, tempo de teste e erros, atendendo às variáveis demográficas, como gênero e escolaridade (escolaridade alta: oito a 16 anos de estudo; escolaridade muito alta: 17 a 25 anos de estudo). Resultados participantes com escolaridade muito alta obtiveram melhor desempenho em ambas as categorias, com maior número total de palavras evocadas na categoria “animais” e maior quantidade de switches (p<0,05) em “frutas”. Quanto ao gênero, os homens obtiveram melhor desempenho na categoria “animais”, com maior número total de palavras evocadas e nos diferentes blocos de tempo (p<0,05), e maior quantidade de clusters e interseções (p<0,001). Conclusão o desempenho de idosos saudáveis com alta escolaridade foi influenciado por variáveis demográficas como anos de estudo e gênero, sugerindo que a aplicação do Teste de Fluência Verbal Semântica deve considerar o impacto dessas variáveis e realizar uma interpretação cautelosa dos resultados.
Probabilistic analysis of slab-column connections subjected to punching shear according to the ABNT NBR 6118 (2014) recommendations considering the model error measure
Authors: Marque Náyra Louise Alonso , Nogueira Caio Gorla
Published: July 2021

abstract: Reinforced concrete flat slabs are structural systems in which slabs are directly supported by columns, without the use of beams. A structural phenomenon that deserves attention in these systems is the punching shear, characterized by the occurrence of shear stresses close to the slab-column interface, which can produce fragile rupture in those regions. This study presents some results of reliability index β obtained for slab-column connections based on FORM, according to the Brazilian standard’s model, considering the model error. The critical contours C and C’ without shear reinforcement are analyzed. The results showed that failure in the C contour is very unlikely, while the probabilities of rupture in the C' contour when considering the influence of the model error are greater than the target values recommended in the literature for the ULS.
ACOMPANHAMENTO PEDAGÓGICO HOSPITALAR ÀS CRIANÇAS COM CÂNCER EM PROCESSO DE ALFABETIZAÇÃO
Authors: Ferreira Emanuelle da Silva , Pessoa Ana Cláudia Rodrigues Gonçalves
Published: July 2021

O presente estudo tem como objetivo geral analisar o acompanhamento pedagógico hospitalar realizado no setor de oncologia de um hospital público do Recife no que se refere às crianças em processo de alfabetização. Os objetivos específicos são verificar o conhecimento dos pais e professoras da oncologia sobre as leis que asseguram a continuidade do processo ensino-aprendizagem no ambiente hospitalar; analisar se e como ocorre a relação entre a escola e as professoras da oncologia no processo de alfabetização das crianças; averiguar as ações do pedagogo no atendimento hospitalar no setor de oncologia. Realizamos pesquisa com abordagem qualitativa utilizando como ferramentas de coleta de dados, observações e entrevistas semiestruturadas. Através do estudo, foi possível constatar que o acesso à pedagogia hospitalar proporciona a criança e ao adolescente em situação de hospitalização, não só a continuidade do processo de escolarização, mas oferece perspectiva de futuro, contribui para a tão almejada cura, para o prosseguimento de projetos de vida. Ressaltamos a necessidade do desenvolvimento de novas pesquisas que visem contribuir com a continuidade do processo ensino-aprendizagem das crianças em tratamento, em especial às que estão em processo de alfabetização.
My 84-Year-Old Mother Lost Her Wedding Ring?
Authors:   Licensed Specialist in School Psychology (LSSP), Bryan ISD, Bryan, Texas, USA, Kennedy Michael S.
Published: July 2021

An official website that provides general information for the public about the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) disease for Tom Green Country in Texas is the City of San Angelo, Texas website.
Feeling Angry at Coronavirus Disease-2019
Authors:   Pontificia Universidad Catolica Argentina, Bueno Aires, Argentina, Vigil Ines E.
Published: July 2021

We have been dealing with a lot of stress around the world due to the coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) outbreak during 2020 until now.
Dynamic Compensation of Parameters in Servo Drives
Authors:   Ulyanovsk State Technical University, Ivanov Vladimir
Published: July 2021

In this paper, we studied a servo drive with an unlimited increase in the gain coefficients of the speed con-tour. We demonstrated dynamic compensation of parameters associated with the formation of differential com-ponents based on the coverage of the real coordinates of the control object using static model. It was shown that dynamics of the transient processes is caused by real differentiating links determining the fast and slow components of the transient process. The static velocity error in this case did not depend on the ratio of large and small time constants, as in a single integrating system of subordinate regulation of parameters. Therefore, we considered that parametric disturbances and their compensation occur due to the external astatic circuit. We demonstrated an equivalent transition to the position contour, the speed structure and position generator, corresponding to the organization of the servo drive in the CNC systems. We investigated features of the phase discriminator during the operation of the position sensor in the phase difference mode and carried out model-ing of the servo drive structures and comparative analysis of two and three-circuit systems.
Design of Digital Control Systems by Nonlinear Uncertain Objects
Authors:   Platov South-Russian State Polytechnic University (NPI), Elsukov Vladimir , Gaiduk Anatoly ,   Southern Federal University, Lachin Vjacheslav ,   Platov South-Russian State Polytechnic University (NPI), Muzhenko Alexandr ,   Platov South-Russian State Polytechnic University (NPI)
Published: July 2021

Minimum-phase nonlinear objects in the conditions of incomplete information about state variables and nonlinearities of the objects are considered. The design method of the digital automatic control systems in the conditions of uncertainty is offered. The decision is received with application of the asymptotic observers and control on state and impact under conditions of full controllability and observability of the controlled objects. This control provides the necessary performance of the control systems. The digital devices algorithm of digital control system is received by sampling of the found control. The efficiency of the developed method is shown on the numerical example. The developed method can be applied to design of digital control systems of production and technological objects of various assignment.
Sharply 3-transitive Groups with Finite Element
Authors: Durakov Evgeny B.
Published: July 2021

In this paper we study sharply 3-transitive groups. The local finiteness of sharply triply transitive permutation groups of characteristic p > 3 containing a finite element of order p is proved. Keywords: group, sharply k-transitive group, sharply 3-transitive group, locally finite group, neardomain, near-field
Effective Acoustic Equations for a Layered Material Described by the Fractional Kelvin-Voigt Model
Authors: Shamaev Alexey S. , Shumilova Vladlena V.
Published: July 2021

The paper is devoted to the construction of effective acoustic equations for a two-phase layered viscoelastic material described by the Kelvin–Voigt model with fractional time derivatives. For this purpose, the theory of two-scale convergence and the Laplace transform with respect to time are used. It is shown that the effective equations are partial integro-differential equations with fractional time derivatives and fractional exponential convolution kernels. In order to find the coefficients and the convolution kernels of these equations, several auxiliary cell problems are formulated and solved
Removable Singularities of Separately Harmonic Functions
Authors: Imomkulov Sevdiyor A. , Abdikadirov Sultanbay M.
Published: July 2021

Removable singularities of separately harmonic functions are considered. More precisely, we prove harmonic continuation property of a separately harmonic function u(x, y) in D \ S to the domain D, when D ⊂ Rn(x) × Rm(y), n,m > 1 and S is a closed subset of the domain D with nowhere dense projections S1 = {x ∈ Rn : (x, y) ∈ S} and S2 = {y ∈ Rm : (x, y) ∈ S}.
Thermal Processing of Thermal Coal Under Pressure to Produce Semi-Coke and Thermal Energy
Authors: Loginov Dmitry A. , Chernykh Artem P. , Islamov Sergey R.
Published: July 2021

The process of thermal processing of brown coals of grades 1B and 2B under external overpressure of gases in the range of 0–4.0 MPa is investigated. The dependences of the main characteristics of the obtained products – semi-coke and combustible gas-on the pressure are established. The material and energy balances of the process of thermal processing of both coal grades are given
Regulation of Cooling Mode of Thermoelectric Bloc
Authors: Vasil'ev Evgeniy N.
Published: July 2021

With the help of a computational model, the cooling modes of a block of a thermoelectric refrigeration unit designed for ship's provision and freezing chambers are studied. The computational model, based on the numerical solution of a system of nonlinear algebraic equations, takes into account the operating characteristics of a serial thermoelectric module and the thermal resistances of heat removal and supply devices. The dependences of the cooling power and the coefficient of performance of the block on the supply current of the thermoelectric modules are calculated. The analysis of the cooling modes of the thermoelectric block is carried out and recommendations for regulating the current strength depending on the current temperature conditions in the provision and freezing chambers are developed
Sigara Paketlerinde Kullanılan Resimlerin Korku Düzeylerinin Sigara Bırakma Davranışı Üzerindeki Etkileri
Authors: İLERİ Gamze , ÖZKARA Behçet Yalın
Published: July 2021

Sigara tüketimi pek çok rahatsızlığı da beraberinde getirmektedir. Bu bağlamda, sigaranın yol açtığı sağlık sorunları ve bu sorunların önlenmesine ilişkin çok sayıda çalışmanın literatürde yer aldığı görülmektedir. Gerek sigaranın yol açtığı sağlık sorunları gerekse de sigaraya başlama yaşının gün geçtikçe düşmesi sigara tüketimini azaltmak amacıyla yapılan çalışmaların önemini arttırmaktadır. Bu çalışmada, sigara paketlerinde kullanılan resimlerin korku düzeylerinin sigara bırakma davranışı üzerindeki etkileri incelenmektedir. Korku düzeyleri farklı olan resimlerin sigara bırakma davranışı üzerindeki etkilerinin incelenmesinde planlı davranış teorisinden yararlanılmıştır. Araştırmanın amacı doğrultusunda iki farklı korku düzeyine ait resimlerin (yüksek korku ve düşük korku) yer aldığı iki farklı anket formu kullanılmıştır. Online olarak hazırlanan anket formları katılımcılara sosyal medya platformlarından ulaştırılmıştır. Bu şekilde katılımcılar tarafından 440 anket formu doldurulmuştur. Elde edilen sonuçlar, öznel norm ve algılanan davranışsal kontrolün niyet üzerindeki etkisinin korku düzeyi yüksek olan resimlerin gösterildiği durumlarda, korku düzeyi düşük olan resimlerin gösterildiği durumlara göre daha güçlü olduğuna işaret etmektedir.
A Global Bayes Factor for Observations on an Infinite-Dimensional Hilbert Space, Applied to Signal Detection in fMRI
Authors: Shafie Khalil ,  Faridrohani Mohammad Reza , Noorbaloochi Siamak , Moradi Rekabdarkolaee Hossein
Published: July 2021

Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (fMRI) is a fundamental tool in advancing our understanding of the brain's functionality. Recently, a series of Bayesian approaches have been suggested to test for the voxel activation in different brain regions. In this paper, we propose a novel definition for the global Bayes factor to test for activation using the Radon-Nikodym derivative. Our proposed method extends the definition of Bayes factor to an infinite dimensional Hilbert space. Using this extended definition, a Bayesian testing procedure is introduced for signal detection in noisy images when both signal and noise are considered as an element of an infinite dimensional Hilbert space. This new approach is illustrated through a real data analysis to find activated areas of Brain in an fMRI data.
On the Strong Law of Large Numbers for Nonnegative Random Variables. With an Application in Survey Sampling
Authors: Schoch Tobias
Published: July 2021

Strong laws of large numbers with arbitrary norming sequences for nonnegative not necessarily independent random variables are obtained. From these results we establish, among other things, stability results for weighted sums of nonnegative random variables. A survey sampling application is provided on strong consistency of the Horvitz--Thompson estimator and the ratio estimator.
Light source with variable wavelength based on acousto-optical deflector
Authors: Danko V. P. , Kovalenko A. V. , Kolomiiets R. O.
Published: July 2021

The proposed work analyzes the design features of the acousto-optical deﬂector and ﬁlter on paratelurite. It is shown that under certain conditions the acousto-optical deﬂector can be used as an acousto-optical ﬁlter (as an element that performs spectral ﬁltering of the incident light beam). The fundamental possibility of creating a monochromatic light source with a variable wavelength and a spectrum width of about 5 nm using an acousto-optical deﬂector as an element that adjusts the original wavelength is shown experimentally. As a broadband light source in this system, a semiconductor laser operating in subthreshold mode was used. The dependence of the output wavelength on the acoustic frequency is obtained. The comparison of experimental data with the calculated ones is given, it is shown that they have small diﬀerences.
Scene Change Localization in a Video
Authors: Bieda I.
Published: July 2021

Millions of videos are uploaded each day to Youtube and similar platforms. One of the many issues that these services face is the extraction of useful metadata. There are a lot of tasks that arise with the processing of videos. For example, putting an ad is better in the middle of a video, and as an advertiser, one would probably prefer to show the ad in between scene cuts, where it would be less intrusive. Another example is when one would like to watch only through the most interesting or important pieces of video recording. In many cases, it is better to have an automatic scene cut detection approach instead of manually labeling thousands of videos. The scene change detection can help to analyze video-stream automatically: which characters appear in which scenes, how they interact and for how long, their relations and importance, and also to track many other issues. The potential solution can rely on different facts: objects appearance, contrast or intensity changed, other colorization, background chang, and also sound changes.

In this work, we propose the method for effective scene change detection, which is based on thresholding, and also fade-in/fade-out scene analysis. It uses computer vision and image analysis approaches to identify the scene cuts. Experiments demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed scene change detection approach.
Health economic evaluation of risdiplam in patients with spinal muscular atrophy
Authors: Kolbin А. S. , Kurylev А. А. , Balykina Yu. Е. , Proskurin М. А. , Mishinova S. А.
Published: July 2021

Background. Spinal muscular atrophies (SMA) are clinically and genetically heterogenous inherited orphan diseases leading to progressive spinal motoneurons degeneration and loss of function. Risdiplam and nusinersen are both authorized in Russia for pathogenic SMA treatment and included in the list of vital and essential drugs.

Objective: health economic evaluation of risdiplam (Evrysdi®) in patients with spinal muscular atrophy.

Material and methods. The health economic analysis was done in accordance with local Russian regulation. Cost-minimization analysis was used. We accounted for direct medical costs of pathogenic treatment of SMA, adverse events correction, and supportive care. Decision tree analysis was used. In budget impact analysis the rise of risdiplam share from 0% to 8.5% during 3 years was modelled. Time horizon was 3 years. Probabilistic sensitivity analysis was done.

Results. Total direct medical costs for risdiplam (53,372,153 rubles for one patient in 3 years) were by 21.1% (14,968,427.82 rubles) lower comparing to nusinersen. The most pronounced difference in favor of risdiplam (41,9%) was during first treatment year. The rise of risdiplam share from 0% to 8.5% during 3 years is associated with lower budget costs by 13.9% in 3 years.

Conclusion. Risdiplam is economically more effective comparing to nusinersen, because having equal effectiveness, it’s use is associated with lower direct medical costs.
Current view on the dyadic synchrony mechanism
Authors: Vakhrushev D.S. , Zhukova M.
Published: July 2021

This article contains a review of modern foreign concepts and empirical studies of dyadic synchrony mechanism which manifests in temporal alignment of biological rhythms and behavior of individuals participating in a paired interaction. Due to the development of neuroimaging techniques, the interest in hyperscanning has increased, as it allows to register brain activity of two or more individuals capturing the mechanism of dyadic synchrony. In this article such manifestations of dyadic synchrony as changes in the electrical brain activity, cardiac rhythms, respiratory rate, hormonal levels, and behavior are described. Dyadic synchrony at the early stages of development underlies individuals’ ability to learn, feel empathy, develop attachment and build close relationships.
Development of Emotional Intelligence: Review of Studies
Authors: Isaeva O.M. , Savinova S.Y.
Published: July 2021

The article provides an overview of the 1999-2020 studies on the development of emotional intelligence, carried out using the databases of scientific citation Scopus and Web of Science. Publications for analysis were selected on the basis of the recommendations of PRISMA-2009. Fifty-eight articles, combined in six areas of research, were selected for detailed analysis. The review revealed the conditions for the development of emotional intelligence, considered methods, technologies, means of emotional intelligence development, topical directions of emotional intelligence development in children of preschool and school ages, students, as well as professionals of various professions.
Measurement of out of field doses in brain proton therapy with GATE simulations
Authors: SÖNMEZ Melisa , KUDAY Sinan
Published: July 2021

Proton therapy as one of the radiotherapy applications, aims to treat the tumor by using the accelerated proton particle. High radiation dose distributions delivered to the tumor tissue, is characterized with Bragg curves, while the radiation in the tissues surrounding the tumor is expected to be as low as possible. In our study, proton treatment of the tumor volume placed in the brain created by GATE software was simulated. The absorbed doses in other organs created by GATE software during treatment were determined using DoseActor and TLEDoseActor algorithms. Nuclear interactions of the accelerated proton with the nucleus of the target atom make the target atom reactive and cause secondary radiation. Similar to the TLEDoseActor algorithm, NTLE algorithm was used to determine the doses caused by neutrons from these secondary radiations. With the algorithms used, out-of-field doses and secondary doses for proton beams at 250 MeV energy were determined. It is important to determine the secondary radiations caused by the interaction of the proton with the tissue and to determine the doses out of the field. These results may be helpful in determining and preventing secondary cancer formation in proton therapy in clinical applications.
A case of chronic progressive chorea
Authors: Lapukhin V. D.
Published: July 2021

Patient T., whom I have the honor to present to the Society, suffers from the form of the disease that, according to a typical picture, can be defined as chorea chronica progressiva. The first to emerge from chronic progressive chorea as a separate nosological unit was the American neuropathologist Huntington, in honor of whom chronic chorea was called Huntingtons chorea for a long time, in contrast to chorea minor, first described by Sydenham; the latter is a more common form of Witta's dog and carries on itself all the signs of an acute infectious disease.
To the clinic "epilepsiae gastricae"
Authors: Sukhov A. A.
Published: July 2021

Among the various forms of epileptic development, a clinical group of cases of epilepsy stands out, which some authors call epilepsia gastrica. The genesis and even the ethiology of this group is foggy, and only the clinical picture of epilepsy makes us agree to the temporary allocation of these cases to the epilepsia gastrica group.
V. Kafka. Polynucleosis of cerebrospinal fluid with progressive paralysis.
Authors: Likhnitsky Vitaliy N.
Published: July 2021

The author has made more than 450 studies of cerebrospinal fluid in progressive paralytics; he summarizes the results obtained by him in the following provisions.
Priv.-Assoc. L. M. Pussep. Surgical treatment of traumatic aphasia. Surgeon. archive book. IV-th, 1910.
Authors: Baklushinskiy Ivan D.
Published: July 2021

Two cases of traumatic aphasia are described in which the operation gave good results. One - on the basis of gunshot brine without damage to the bone: here aphasia was caused by a cyst pressing on the center of Broca; the other was due to the fragmentation of the bone with the introduction of fragments.
Dr. M. A. Zakharchenko. "Vascular diseases of the brain stem". Issue I. Blockage art. cerebelli post. infer. Moscow. 1911 g.
Authors: Favorsky A. E.
Published: July 2021

The just published monograph by Dr. Zakharchenko on occlusion art. cerebelli will undoubtedly be met with great interest in the literature.
Reconstruction of a Reference Subsoil Model for the Seismic Microzonation of Gori (Georgia): A Procedure Based on Principal Component Analysis (PCA)
Authors: Giallini Silvia , Paolucci Enrico , Sirianni Pietro , Albarello Dario , Gaudiosi Iolanda , Polpetta Federica , Simionato Maurizio , Stigliano Francesco , Tsereteli Nino , Gogoladze Zurab , Moscatelli Massimiliano
Published: July 2021

This article focuses on the full exploitation of geological and economically viable geophysical surveys for the seismic characterization of the shallow subsoil in the frame of microzonation studies in urban areas where economic resources for detailed seismic response analyses are scarce. In these conditions, the outcomes of inexpensive geophysical surveys (e.g., based on ambient vibration monitoring or surface-wave prospecting) must be fully exploited. To reduce the uncertainties related to these kinds of procedures, their joint interpretation in the light of geological evidence is mandatory. To this purpose, we propose the application of principal component analysis to combine the results of distributed single-station ambient vibration measurements (horizontal-to-vertical spectral ratio [HVSR] technique) to provide a preliminary zonation of the study area. The zones identified in this way are then characterized by considering the available geognostic boreholes, VS profiles deduced by the joint inversion of HVSR curves, and available Rayleigh-wave dispersion curves deduced from active seismic prospecting (multichannel analysis of surface-waves technique). The final outcome allows the definition of a preliminary seismic model of the study area, which is also constrained by the available geological data deduced from on-purpose surveys. The proposed approach has been applied to the city of Gori (Georgia). The proposed approach allowed a reliable assessment of buried geometries, geological domains, and the distribution of lithofacies, which can control the local seismic response. In detail, the major role of paleovalley infills and interfluve domains has been enlightened by adding in evidence concerning the peculiar stratigraphic relationships and buried morphologies, which may determine 1D and 2D resonance effects.
Laboratory Evidence of Transient Pressure Surge in a Fluid-Filled Fracture as a Potential Driver of Remote Dynamic Earthquake Triggering
Authors: Jin Yuesu , Dyaur Nikolay , Zheng Yingcai
Published: July 2021

Seismic waves carrying tiny perturbing stresses can trigger earthquakes in geothermal and volcanic regions. The underlying cause of this dynamic triggering is still not well understood. One leading hypothesis is that a sudden increase in the fluid-pore pressure in the fault zone is involved, but the exact physical mechanism is unclear. Here, we report experimental evidence in which a fluid-filled fracture was shown to be able to amplify the pressure of an incoming seismic wave. We built miniature pressure sensors and directly placed them inside a thin fluid-filled fracture to measure the fluid pressure during wave propagation. By varying the fracture aperture from 0.2 to 9.2 mm and sweeping the frequency from 12 to 70 Hz, we observed in the lab that the fluid pressure in the fracture could be amplified up to 25.2 times compared with the incident-wave amplitude. Because an increase of the fluid pressure in a fault can reduce the effective normal stress to allow the fault to slide, our observed transient pressure surge phenomenon may provide the mechanism for earthquake dynamic triggering.
Theater In Mumbai
Authors:   , Dastur Rushaad Tehmton , Yau Pamela
Published: July 2021

This thesis focuses on the Commercial English Theater Industry in Mumbai and how the industry functions. For the purpose of this thesis, the term 'Commercial English Theater Industry' characterized as an industry that works for a profit, performs English renditions, tends to mainstream audiences and aims to develop into a large lucrative organization. This dissertation explores the nuances of Commercial English Theater Industries, as defined previously, in Mumbai comparing it to the ones in New York & Philadelphia. The main research question for my thesis is "What are the issues that are prevalent within the English Theater industry in Mumbai and, in turn, what methods and suggestions can be given so as to improve growth and sustainability within commercial theater in the city of Mumbai"? Moreover, this thesis aspires as well as associates the fresh and modest art house productions to the comprehensive and more immense productions that arrive within the Commercial English Theater Industry in Mumbai, and helps one comprehend the inconsistencies between the two, well beyond those issues of budget differences only. It will evaluate and identify the other causes that are responsible for their success and/or failure inside this Industry. Although theater is prevalent across metropolitan cities around the world, Commercial English Theater in Mumbai has not yet attained the summits that we observe in various other international metros, such as New York, Philadelphia, London and other such western cities.
Education for Women and Girls with Disabilities in Ghana : A Powerful Tool for Change
Authors: Komabu-Pomeyie Sefakor G.M.A.
Published: July 2021

Women with disabilities (WWD) from countries around the world, including Ghana, are often deprived of public education. The World Report on Disability in 2011 estimated that literacy rates for WWD may be as low as 1%. This study employs critical feminist disability theory, combined with a phenomenological lens, to explore the educational experiences of ten Ghanaian WWD who have received public education in Ghana, and have had both positive and negative experiences. The results of these interviews yield policy and practice recommendations to improve access to, and success in education for more WWD in Ghana. These recommendations include the need to advocate and to implement Inclusive Education (IE) Policy in Ghana, to introduce disability studies in all school levels, to counteract negative cultural beliefs about people with disabilities, and to educate the public for changes in attitudes, especially teachers, students, and the community.
Moving Forward: No Scientific Integrity without an Acknowledgment of Past Wrongs
Authors: Hodge Felicia Schanche
Published: July 2021

Trust is essential for good patient care. Abuses in research and in medical care undermines trust in governmental medical care systems. Restoring trust involves acknowledging and correcting past harms to communities and individuals.
Determinants of Racial Misclassification in COVID-19 Mortality Data: The Role of Funeral Directors and Social Context
Authors: Kalweit Andrew , Clark Marc , Ishcomer-Aazami Jamie
Published: July 2021

Death certificates are a crucial tool in public health, yet American Indians and Alaska Natives have long been misclassified after death, most often as white. During the COVID-19 pandemic, rapid provisional death counts have used data from death certificates to identify outbreaks and allocate resources. This paper interrogates common practices of funeral directors—who complete the demographic portion of the death certificate—as well as the social context in which they operate. The paper then reviews how these determinants of American Indian and Alaska Native misclassification may have changed during the pandemic and discusses implications for the quality of COVID-19 mortality data and opportunities for improvement.
The Development and Implementation of Gathering Grounds, a Virtual Community of Practice Rooted in Indigenous Praxis
Authors: Lucero Danielle , Scott Rachel , Oré Christina E. , Parker Myra
Published: July 2021

In a 2010 article, Traci Sylva, Pauline Chinn, and Charles Kinoshita note that Indigenous communities of practice generate solutions to “highly valued, real-world problems'” by connecting “science to culture, place, and community.” To provide Native American communities a collaborative space to address COVID-19, we developed Gathering Grounds, an Indigenous community of practice, or I-CP. Over one hundred individuals from Native communities nationwide participated in Gathering Grounds. We started with reviewing existing literature to identify existing approaches that honor Indigenous ways of building and maintaining relationships as well as best practices. This article discusses the I-CP’s development, shares community responses to COVID-19, and describes how the I-CP facilitates resource-sharing and growth opportunities.
A Rejoinder to Body Bags: Indigenous Resilience and Epidemic Disease, from COVID-19 to First “Contact”
Authors: Montgomery Lindsay M.
Published: July 2021

Since January of 2020, the number of deaths in Indian country due to COVID-19 has steadily grown, bringing into stark relief the destructive effects of disease epidemics on historically marginalized communities. For Indigenous peoples, the ravages of the ongoing pandemic are part of a broader epidemiological history of devastation set in motion by European colonization. The robust body of historical and anthropological scholarship which has emerged to document the impacts of infectious disease on Indigenous people has typically reinforced settler-colonial narratives of disappearance and culture loss. Although we cannot deny the tragic and long-term consequences of foreign pathogens on the peoples of the Americas, Indigenous communities have creatively responded to and survived disease outbreaks. Drawing on ethnographic and oral historical sources, this article documents some of the strategies employed by Indigenous people across North America to explain and treat episodic viral spread from the seventeenth into the twenty-first centuries. Tracing the culturally grounded methods of disease management employed by Indigenous groups over time highlights the resiliency of Tribal nations during the ongoing coronavirus crisis.
Sistema de Avaliação da Educação Básica: revisão sistemática da literatura
Authors: Soares Talita Emidio Andrade , Soares Denilson Junio Marques , Santos Wagner dos
Published: July 2021

Neste artigo foi realizada uma revisão sistemática da literatura adequada às recomendações Prisma, utilizando o descritor “Sistema de Avaliação da Educação Básica” (Saeb). As buscas foram realizadas nas bases de dados Scopus, Web of Science e SciELO, sem delimitação temporal. Foram selecionados 11 artigos, classificados em três categorias que discutem a origem do Saeb mediante as reformas educacionais da década de 1990, o Saeb enquanto política de responsabilização (accountability) e os fatores associados aos resultados do Saeb. Evidenciou-se que seu papel e desempenho como política de avaliação é amplamente criticado. Em contrapartida, nota-se a escassez de estudos que discutem novas possibilidades para avaliar a qualidade da educação básica, constituindo um campo aberto para discussões no ambiente acadêmico.
Role of physical activity during Covid-19 pandemic
Authors: Kaur Harpreet , Singh Adarashpal , Kaur Paramjeet
Published: July 2021

Covid-19 pandemic has led to major changes in day -to-day life. Ever since the start of pandemic, there has been a change in working conditions, reduction in physical activity and much increase in anxiety and stress due to disease itself. To deal with the physical and mental health needs of this changing times, it becomes important to maintain healthy life-style and a minimum level of physical activity. The physical activity has been shown to boost the immune system and body’s capacity to fight infections and keep oneself physically and mentally strong. It is helpful for the healthy cardiovascular function which is very important during current pandemic. Though routine exercise and outdoor activity may be restricted due to social distancing norms, still it is important to have modified form of physical activity like stretching, walking, doing household chores and yoga in current scenario. Early start of exercise from school physical education can go a long way to create healthy adults.
A study of the anatomical variations in branching pattern of middle cerebral artery
Authors: Mohan K
Published: July 2021

Middle cerebral artery (MCA) is the largest and most complex arterial system of the brain. Variations of the aortic arch branches are due to alteration in the development of specific branchial arch arteries during the embryonic period. Knowledge of these variations is important during aortic instrumentation, thoracic, and neck surgeries. The anatomy of the anterior cerebral artery branches and the anterior communicating artery complex needs to be investigated individually to minimise neurovascular morbidity before iatrogenic procedures.

The study aimed to study the variations in the microsurgical anatomy of the MCA in our population and compare the variables and discuss their importance with anatomic and surgical considerations. 

Specimens were collected from the embalmed cadavers and the post-mortem bodies in the department of forensic medicine of Thanjavur Medical College. The different variables regarding the MCA in our population were analysed and compared with the studies in the Western population and other Indian studies. 

The mean length of the MCA in this study was 12.8 mm with a standard error of 3.79 mm. The outer diameter of the M1 segment was with a mean length of 3.75mm. In 69.2% middle, Cerebral Artery shows bifurcation and in 20%, it shows trifurcation and in 10.8%, it shows ramification types of branching patterns. The 39.1% cases show Temporo polar, 21.7% orbitofrontal, 9.1% anterior temporal, 6.6% prefrontal, and 4.1% middle temporal branches. Our results also reveal that the origin of the lenticulostriate branch in the middle cerebral artery was 85.85% from the trunk and 14.2% from division, respectively.

MCA branching pattern is slightly higher in trifurcation pattern as compared to bifurcation and ramification. Thorough knowledge of the microvascular anatomy and the myriads of variations is essential for the operating surgeon to choose the ideal technique to avoid any catastrophe during and after surgery and give the best possible functional outcome.