bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Creation of 21st century anatomy facilities: designing facilities for integrated preclinical education in the Middle East
Authors: Lorke Dietrich E , Rock John A. , Hernandez Robert , Graham David , Keough Natalie , van Tonder Daniël J.
Published: May 2023

Background

The establishment of new anatomy facilities needs to accommodate a combination of modern teaching modalities that best align with evidence-based best teaching practices. This article describes the process in which our state-of-the-art anatomy laboratories were designed and implemented, and how these facilities support aspects of modern anatomy education.

Methods

A list of best practices for anatomy education in a modern medical curriculum was summarized from the literature. To assess student satisfaction, a survey related to student perception of the anatomy facilities (5-point Likert scale) was conducted.

Results

Our educational modalities include a broad range of teaching approaches. The Instructional Studio houses prosected and plastinated specimens, and cadaveric dissections are performed. Each of our three Dry Laboratories allow for active learning and interaction between small student groups. The Webinar Room acts as a conference room for departmental and online meetings, discussions with students, and dialogues with affiliated hospitals via the internet. The Imaging Center is equipped with a Sectra® medical educational platform, CAE Vimedix® Virtual Medical Imaging Ultrasound Training System, and Philipps Lumify® Ultrasound devices to train students to conduct and interpret sonographic images. Moreover, the Complete Anatomy® program is made available to all our students.

Conclusion

The layout of our newly created Anatomy Facilities allows for all aspects of modern medical education mentioned in the literature. These educational modalities and teaching approaches are highly appreciated by our faculty and students. Moreover, these technologies allowed for a smooth transition from on-site anatomy teaching to online education during the COVID pandemic.
Exploring the prognostic function of TMB-related prognostic signature in patients with colon cancer
Authors: Zhao Yan , Liang Xiaolong , Duan Xudong , Zhang Chengli
Published: May 2023

Tumor mutation burden (TMB) level is identified as a useful predictor in multiple tumors including colon adenocarcinoma (COAD). However, the function of TMB related genes has not been explored previously. In this study, we obtained patients’ expression and clinical data from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and the National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI). TMB genes were screened and subjected to differential expression analysis. Univariate Cox and LASSO analyses were utilized to construct the prognostic signature. The efficiency of the signature was tested by using a receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve. A nomogram was further plotted to assess the overall survival (OS) time of patients with COAD. In addition, we compared the predictive performance of our signature with other four published signatures. Functional analyses indicated that patients in the low-risk group have obviously different enrichment of tumor related pathways and tumor infiltrating immune cells from that of high-risk patients. Our findings suggested that the ten genes’ prognostic signature could exert undeniable prognostic functions in patients with COAD, which might provide significant clues for the development of personalized management of these patients.
Mouse embryonic stem cell-derived blood–brain barrier model: applicability to studying antibody triggered receptor mediated transcytosis
Authors: Jezierski Anna , Huang Jez , Haqqani Arsalan S. , Haukenfrers Julie , Liu Ziying , Baumann Ewa , Sodja Caroline , Charlebois Claudie , Delaney Christie E. , Star Alexandra T. , Liu Qing , Stanimirovic Danica B.
Published: May 2023

Blood brain barrier (BBB) models in vitro are an important tool to aid in the pre-clinical evaluation and selection of BBB-crossing therapeutics. Stem cell derived BBB models have recently demonstrated a substantial advantage over primary and immortalized brain endothelial cells (BECs) for BBB modeling. Coupled with recent discoveries highlighting significant species differences in the expression and function of key BBB transporters, the field is in need of robust, species-specific BBB models for improved translational predictability. We have developed a mouse BBB model, composed of mouse embryonic stem cell (mESC-D3)-derived brain endothelial-like cells (mBECs), employing a directed monolayer differentiation strategy. Although the mBECs showed a mixed endothelial-epithelial phenotype, they exhibited high transendothelial electrical resistance, inducible by retinoic acid treatment up to 400 Ω cm2. This tight cell barrier resulted in restricted sodium fluorescein permeability (1.7 × 10–5 cm/min), significantly lower than that of bEnd.3 cells (1.02 × 10–3 cm/min) and comparable to human induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC)-derived BECs (2.0 × 10–5 cm/min). The mBECs expressed tight junction proteins, polarized and functional P-gp efflux transporter and receptor mediated transcytosis (RMT) receptors; collectively important criteria for studying barrier regulation and drug delivery applications in the CNS. In this study, we compared transport of a panel of antibodies binding species selective or cross-reactive epitopes on BBB RMT receptors in both the mBEC and human iPSC-derived BEC model, to demonstrate discrimination of species-specific BBB transport mechanisms.
1-year survival in haemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis: a nationwide cohort study from England 2003–2018
Authors: West Joe , Stilwell Peter , Liu Hanhua , Ban Lu , Bythell Mary , Card Tim , Lanyon Peter , Nanduri Vasanta , Rankin Judith , Bishton Mark , Crooks Colin
Published: May 2023

Haemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH) is a lethal syndrome of excessive immune activation. We undertook a nationwide study in England of all cases of HLH diagnosed between 2003 and 2018, using linked electronic health data from hospital admissions and death certification. We modelled interactions between demographics and comorbidities and estimated one-year survival by calendar year, age group, gender and comorbidity (haematological malignancy, auto-immune, other malignancy) using Cox regression. There were 1628 people with HLH identified. Overall, crude one-year survival was 50% (95% Confidence interval 48–53%) which varied substantially with age (0–4: 61%; 5–14: 76%; 15–54: 61%; > 55: 24% p < 0.01), sex (males, 46%, worse than females, 55% p < 0.01) and associated comorbidity (auto-immune, 69%, haematological malignancy 28%, any other malignancy, 37% p < 0.01). Those aged < 54 years had a threefold increased risk of death at 1-year amongst HLH associated with malignancy compared to auto-immune. However, predicted 1-year survival decreased markedly with age in those with auto-immune (age 0–14, 84%; 15–54, 73%; > 55, 27%) such that among those > 55 years, survival was as poor as for patients with haematological malignancy. One-year survival following a diagnosis of HLH varies considerably by age, gender and associated comorbidity. Survival was better in those with auto-immune diseases among the young and middle age groups compared to those with an underlying malignancy, whereas in older age groups survival was uniformly poor regardless of the underlying disease process.
A deep learning model enables accurate prediction and quantification of pulmonary edema from chest X-rays
Authors: Schulz Dominik , Rasch Sebastian , Heilmaier Markus , Abbassi Rami , Poszler Alexander , Ulrich Jörg , Steinhardt Manuel , Kaissis Georgios A. , Schmid Roland M. , Braren Rickmer , Lahmer Tobias
Published: May 2023

Background

A quantitative assessment of pulmonary edema is important because the clinical severity can range from mild impairment to life threatening. A quantitative surrogate measure, although invasive, for pulmonary edema is the extravascular lung water index (EVLWI) extracted from the transpulmonary thermodilution (TPTD). Severity of edema from chest X-rays, to date is based on the subjective classification of radiologists. In this work, we use machine learning to quantitatively predict the severity of pulmonary edema from chest radiography.

Methods

We retrospectively included 471 X-rays from 431 patients who underwent chest radiography and TPTD measurement within 24 h at our intensive care unit. The EVLWI extracted from the TPTD was used as a quantitative measure for pulmonary edema. We used a deep learning approach and binned the data into two, three, four and five classes increasing the resolution of the EVLWI prediction from the X-rays.

Results

The accuracy, area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUROC) and Mathews correlation coefficient (MCC) in the binary classification models (EVLWI < 15, ≥ 15) were 0.93 (accuracy), 0.98 (AUROC) and 0.86(MCC). In the three multiclass models, the accuracy ranged between 0.90 and 0.95, the AUROC between 0.97 and 0.99 and the MCC between 0.86 and 0.92.

Conclusion

Deep learning can quantify pulmonary edema as measured by EVLWI with high accuracy.
Histone lysine methyltransferase SMYD3 promotes oral squamous cell carcinoma tumorigenesis via H3K4me3-mediated HMGA2 transcription
Authors: Yang Zongcheng , Liu Fen , Li Zongkai , Liu Nianping , Yao Xinfeng , Zhou Yu , Zhang Liyu , Jiang Pan , Liu Honghong , Kong Lingming , Lang Chuandong , Xu Xin , Jia Jihui , Nakajima Takahito , Gu Wenchao , Zheng Lixin , Zhang Zhihong
Published: May 2023

Background

Epigenetic dysregulation is essential to the tumorigenesis of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). SET and MYND domain-containing protein 3 (SMYD3), a histone lysine methyltransferase, is implicated in gene transcription regulation and tumor development. However, the roles of SMYD3 in OSCC initiation are not fully understood. The present study investigated the biological functions and mechanisms involved in the SMYD3-mediated tumorigenesis of OSCC utilizing bioinformatic approaches and validation assays with the aim of informing the development of targeted therapies for OSCC.

Results

429 chromatin regulators were screened by a machine learning approach and aberrant expression of SMYD3 was found to be closely associated with OSCC formation and poor prognosis. Data profiling of single-cell and tissue demonstrated that upregulated SMYD3 significantly correlated with aggressive clinicopathological features of OSCC. Alterations in copy number and DNA methylation patterns may contribute to SMYD3 overexpression. Functional experimental results suggested that SMYD3 enhanced cancer cell stemness and proliferation in vitro and tumor growth in vivo. SMYD3 was observed to bind to the High Mobility Group AT-Hook 2 (HMGA2) promoter and elevated tri-methylation of histone H3 lysine 4 at the corresponding site was responsible for transactivating HMGA2. SMYD3 also was positively linked to HMGA2 expression in OSCC samples. Furthermore, treatment with the SMYD3 chemical inhibitor BCI-121 exerted anti-tumor effects.

Conclusions

Histone methyltransferase activity and transcription-potentiating function of SMYD3 were found to be essential for tumorigenesis and the SMYD3–HMGA2 is a potential therapeutic target in OSCC.
Metformin promotes female germline stem cell proliferation by upregulating Gata-binding protein 2 with histone β-hydroxybutyrylation
Authors: Wang Xiang , Tian Geng G. , Cheng Weiwei , Yu Xiaoli , Li Xiaoyong , Wu Ji
Published: May 2023

Background

Metformin as a first-line clinical anti-diabetic agent prolongs the lifespan of model animals and promotes cell proliferation. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying the proliferative phenotype, especially in epigenetics, have rarely been reported. The aim of this study was to investigate the physiological effects of metformin on female germline stem cells (FGSCs) in vivo and in vitro, uncover β-hydroxybutyrylation epigenetic modification roles of metformin and identify the mechanism of histone H2B Lys5 β-hydroxybutyrylation (H2BK5bhb) in Gata-binding protein 2 (Gata2)-mediated proliferation promotion of FGSCs.

Methods

The physiological effects of metformin were evaluated by intraperitoneal injection and histomorphology. The phenotype and mechanism studies were explored by cell counting, cell viability, cell proliferation assay and protein modification omics, transcriptomics, chromatin immunoprecipitation sequencing in FGSCs in vitro.

Results

We found that metformin treatment increased the number of FGSCs, promoted follicular development in mouse ovaries and enhanced the proliferative activity of FGSCs in vitro. Quantitative omics analysis of protein modifications revealed that H2BK5bhb was increased after metformin treatment of FGSCs. In combination with H2BK5bhb chromatin immunoprecipitation and transcriptome sequencing, we found that Gata2 might be a target gene for metformin to regulate FGSC development. Subsequent experiments showed that Gata2 promoted FGSC proliferation.

Conclusion

Our results provide novel mechanistic understanding of metformin in FGSCs by combining histone epigenetics and phenotypic analyses, which highlight the role of the metformin-H2BK5bhb-Gata2 pathway in cell fate determination and regulation.
TSA-PACT: a method for tissue clearing and immunofluorescence staining on zebrafish brain with improved sensitivity, specificity and stability
Authors: Wang Kang , Yu Yuxin , Xu Yinhui , Yue Yingzi , Zhao Fang , Feng Wenyang , Duan Yijie , Duan Weicheng , Yue Jingjing , Liao Zhiyun , Fei Peng , Sun Hui , Xiong Bo
Published: May 2023

For comprehensive studies of the brain structure and function, fluorescence imaging of the whole brain is essential. It requires large-scale volumetric imaging in cellular or molecular resolution, which could be quite challenging. Recent advances in tissue clearing technology (e.g. CLARITY, PACT) provide new solutions by homogenizing the refractive index of the samples to create transparency. However, it has been difficult to acquire high quality results through immunofluorescence (IF) staining on the cleared samples. To address this issue, we developed TSA-PACT, a method combining tyramide signal amplification (TSA) and PACT, to transform samples into hydrogel polymerization frameworks with covalent fluorescent biomarkers assembled. We show that TSA-PACT is able to reduce the opacity of the zebrafish brain by more than 90% with well-preserved structure. Compared to traditional method, TSA-PACT achieves approximately tenfold signal amplification and twofold improvement in signal-to-noise ratio (SNR). Moreover, both the structure and the fluorescent signal persist for at least 16 months with excellent signal retention ratio. Overall, this method improves immunofluorescence signal sensitivity, specificity and stability in the whole brain of juvenile and adult zebrafish, which is applicable for fine structural analysis, neural circuit mapping and three-dimensional cell counting.
Eating disorder symptomatology among transgender individuals: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Rasmussen Sofie M. , Dalgaard Martin K. , Roloff Mia , Pinholt Mette , Skrubbeltrang Conni , Clausen Loa , Kjaersdam Telléus Gry
Published: May 2023

Objective

The purpose of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to synthesize the literature on eating disorders and eating disorder symptomatology among transgender individuals and to summarize the existing literature on gender-affirming treatment and the prevalence of eating disorder symptomatology.

Method

The literature search for this systematic review and meta-analysis was performed in PubMed, Embase.com, and Ovid APA PsycInfo. We searched for “eating disorders” and “transgender” using both controlled vocabularies and natural language terms for their synonyms. The PRISMA statement guidelines were followed. Quantitative data from studies on transgender individuals and eating disorders assessed with relevant assessment tools was included.

Results

Twenty-four studies were included for the qualitative synthesis, and 14 studies were included in the meta-analysis. The results revealed higher levels of eating disorder symptomatology among transgender individuals compared with cisgender individuals, especially cisgender men. Transgender men tend to display higher levels of eating disorder symptomatology than transgender women; however, transgender women seem to have higher levels of eating disorder symptomatology than cisgender men and, interestingly, this study also noted a trend toward transgender men having higher levels of eating disorders than cisgender women. Gender-affirming treatment seems to alleviate the presence of eating disorder symptomatology in transgender individuals.

Discussion

The body of research on this subject is extremely limited, and transgender individuals are underrepresented in the eating disorder literature. More research investigating eating disorders and eating disorder symptomatology in transgender individuals and the relationship between gender-affirming treatment and eating disorder symptomatology is needed.
School socio-economic context and student achievement in Ireland: an unconditional quantile regression analysis using PISA 2018 data
Authors: Flannery Darragh , Gilleece Lorraine , Clavel Jose G.
Published: May 2023

Background

The existence of a multiplier, compositional or social context effect is debated extensively in the literature on school effectiveness and also relates to the wider issue of equity in educational outcomes. However, comparatively little attention has been given to whether or not the association between student achievement and school socio-economic composition may vary across the achievement distribution. Furthermore, with limited exception, comparatively little use has been made of unconditional quantile modelling approaches in the education literature.

Methods

This paper uses Irish data from the Programme for International Student Assessment 2018 and employs ordinary least squares regression and unconditional quantile regression empirical approaches to examine the association between school socio-economic composition and achievement. Reading and mathematics achievement are used as outcome variables and models control for a rich set of school and student characteristics.

Results

Findings from the ordinary least squares regression show that, on average, there is a significant negative relationship between school socio-economic disadvantage and student achievement in reading and mathematics having controlled from a range of individual and school-level variables. From a distributional perspective, unconditional quantile regression results show variation in the strength of the relationship between school socio-economic disadvantage and student achievement, particularly in reading, with a stronger association at the lower end of the achievement distribution. Findings illustrate the need to give nuanced consideration to how students with varying levels of achievement may experience a socio-economically disadvantaged context at school. Our findings also draw attention to the benefit of examining variation in the association between achievement and explanatory variables across the achievement distribution and underscore the importance of moving beyond an exclusive focus on the mean of the distribution. Finally, we emphasise the importance of drawing population-level inferences when using the unconditional quantile regression method.
Bioupgrading of the aqueous phase of pyrolysis oil from lignocellulosic biomass: a platform for renewable chemicals and fuels from the whole fraction of biomass
Authors: Ashoor Selim , Khang Tae Uk , Lee Young Hoon , Hyung Ji Sung , Choi Seo Young , Lim Sang Eun , Lee Jinwon , Park Si Jae , Na Jeong-Geol
Published: May 2023

Pyrolysis, a thermal decomposition without oxygen, is a promising technology for transportable liquids from whole fractions of lignocellulosic biomass. However, due to the hydrophilic products of pyrolysis, the liquid oils have undesirable physicochemical characteristics, thus requiring an additional upgrading process. Biological upgrading methods could address the drawbacks of pyrolysis by utilizing various hydrophilic compounds as carbon sources under mild conditions with low carbon footprints. Versatile chemicals, such as lipids, ethanol, and organic acids, could be produced through microbial assimilation of anhydrous sugars, organic acids, aldehydes, and phenolics in the hydrophilic fractions. The presence of various toxic compounds and the complex composition of the aqueous phase are the main challenges. In this review, the potential of bioconversion routes for upgrading the aqueous phase of pyrolysis oil is investigated with critical challenges and perspectives.

Graphical Abstract
Further development in measuring communicative participation: identifying items to extend the applicability of the communicative participation item bank
Authors: ter Wal Nicole , van Ewijk Lizet , Visser-Meily Johanna M.A. , Volkmer Anna , Gerrits Ellen , Terwee Caroline B.
Published: May 2023

Background

The ability to communicate is a prerequisite for participation in today’s society. To measure participation in adults with communication disorders, the Communicative Participation Item Bank (CPIB) was developed in 2006. Since then, several new PROMs have been developed to measure communication and the impact of communication disorders on participation. Moreover, the CPIB items do not all appear to be relevant to certain populations with communication problems and context of communicative participation is changing rapidly, given the increased use of digital communication forms. The purpose of this study was to identify new PROMs developed since 2006 that aim to measure (aspects of) communication, in order to select items that are suitable for expanding the Communicative Participation Item Bank to make the item bank more widely applicable (e.g., to the hearing-impaired population) and tailored to the current societal context.

Methods

Medline and Embase were used to search for PROMs that aim to measure (aspects of) communication. Each new PROM as well as the CPIB, was evaluated to determine to what extent it contains items that measure communicative participation and to what extent these items capture all communicative participation domains by linking each item to the ICF Activities and Participation domains.

Results

This study identified 31 new PROMs, containing 391 items that were labelled as measuring communicative participation. The majority of the 391 items measure aspects of ICF Activities and Participation domain ‘communication’, followed by the domain ‘interpersonal interactions and relationships’. The other ICF Activity and Participation domains were less often addressed. Analysis of the CPIB showed that items do not cover all domains of participation as defined in the ICF, such as the ‘major life areas’ domain.

Conclusions

We found a potential pool of 391 items measuring communicative participation that could be considered for extending the CPIB. We found items in domains that are already present in the CPIB, but also items that relate to new domains, such as an item on talking with customers or clients for the ‘major life areas’ domain. Inclusion of new items in other domains would benefit the comprehensiveness of the item bank.
Combination of decaffeinated green coffee and decaffeinated green tea ameliorates cardiomyopathy through cardiotrophin-1-dependent expression regulation in a metabolic syndrome rat model: a proposed mechanism
Authors: Rohman Mohammad Saifur , Lukitasari Mifetika , Kholis Mukhamad Nur , Wahyuni Nila Aisyah , Chandra Beryl Reinaldo , Hermanto Feri Eko , Widodo Nashi
Published: May 2023

Background

Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) are the primary medical manifestation of metabolic syndrome (MetS). Hypoxia is also involved in the pathogenesis of CVD. Since dietary intervention significantly improved the physiological condition in MetS, the development of functional food to complement conventional medical therapy is essential. Among several standard consumable products, decaffeinated green tea (DGT) and decaffeinated green coffee (DGC) have excellent activity in managing MetS-induced CVD. However, the mechanism underlying their protective activity is poorly understood. This study aimed to understand the cardio-protective activity of DGT, DGC, and a combination of the two (DGT + DGC) in managing MetS-induced CVD in vivo and in silico.

Results

The MetS condition led to the upregulation of Cardiotrophin-1 (CT-1), Signal Transducer and Activator of Transcription 3 (STAT3), GATA binding protein 4 (GATA4), and B-type Natriuretic Peptide (BNP) beyond the levels of the normal (N) group, while administration of DGT, DGC, and DGT + DGC significantly decreased the expression of those genes compared with the levels of the N group (p < 0.05). The computational analysis showed that the protective role of DGT, DGC, and DGT + DGC might be achieved through AKT1 inhibition by several bioactive components present in DGT and DGC. The analysis also defined the improvement in cardio-protective activity by combining DGT and DGC.

Conclusions

The administration of DGT, DGC, or DGT + DGC repaired cardiac dysfunction parameters through indirect regulation of the CT-1 signaling axis by inhibiting AKT1 activity.
Validation of RUBY for Breast Cancer Knowledge Extraction From a Large French Electronic Medical Record System
Authors: Schiappa Renaud , Contu Sara , Culie Dorian , Chateau Yann , Gal Jocelyn , Pace-Loscos Tanguy , Bailleux Caroline , Haudebourg Juliette , Ferrero Jean-Marc , Barranger Emmanuel , Chamorey Emmanuel
Published: May 2023

PURPOSE

RUBY is a tool for extracting clinical data on breast cancer from French medical records on the basis of named entity recognition models combined with keyword extraction and postprocessing rules. Although initial results showed a high precision of the system in extracting clinical information from surgery, pathology, and biopsy reports (≥92.7%) and good precision in extracting data from consultation reports (81.8%), its validation is needed before its use in routine practice.

METHODS

In this work, we analyzed RUBY's performance compared with the manual entry and we evaluated the generalizability of the approach on different sets of reports collected on a span of 40 years.

RESULTS

RUBY performed similarly or better than the manual entry for 15 of 27 variables. It showed similar performances when structuring newer reports but failed to extract entities for which changes in terminology appeared. Finally, our tool could automatically structure 15,990 reports in 77 minutes.

CONCLUSION

RUBY can automate the data entry process of a set of variables and reduce its burden, but a continuous evaluation of the format and structure of the reports and a subsequent update of the system is necessary to ensure its robustness.
Faulkner's Glitches
Authors: Wainstein Nathan
Published: May 2023

Formalist novel criticism has a strange relationship to artistic failure. Although an array of twentieth-century theoretical frameworks have taught critics to find value and meaning in negative formal phenomena that may resemble writerly lapses (such as moments of contradiction, discontinuity, or ambiguity), the same critics rarely make actual negative judgments about literary form. This article examines and challenges this critical trend. It begins by introducing the new formal category of the narrative glitch: a microscopic disruption of fictional mimesis that resembles both a formal experiment and a simple writerly failure. It then turns to the work of William Faulkner, whose novels Sanctuary and Absalom, Absalom! reveal a buried alliance between criticism's customary ways of understanding glitches and an older modernist aesthetics. In Absalom, Absalom!, General Compson's celebratory close reading of a temporal rupture in Thomas Sutpen's narrative models an essentially modernist trope of glitch interpretation (the aesthetic redemption of a formal rupture as temporally mimetic) that remains popular in criticism to this day. At the same time, Faulkner's own glitches in Sanctuary, when read as genuine writerly lapses, dramatize the fallibility of this enduring critical gesture and thus subvert and estrange criticism's latent modernism.
Neoliberal Kosmos and the Cunning of Aesthetic Revolt
Authors: Bailey Devan
Published: May 2023

Writing in The Fatal Conceit: The Errors of Socialism (1988) late in his career, the neoliberal theorist F. A. Hayek lamented that writers and artists of his time had remained under the spell of “constructivist rationalism.” The truth, however, is more interesting. Sharing Theodor W. Adorno's fear that the “administered world” that arose in the twentieth century might “strangle all spontaneity,” artists embraced chance, open-endedness, and indeterminacy. In the process, experimental artists went beyond negating the rationalized postwar social order; their work also positively modeled the dispersed, unwilled—in a word, spontaneous—conception of social order that simultaneously came to theoretical expression in the work of neoliberal intellectuals. This essay offers new insight into the formal unity between spontaneous aesthetics and the neoliberal account of the order produced by markets. After broadly retracing the shared commitment among experimental artists and neoliberal intellectuals to spontaneous order—that is, to order as an emergent effect of dispersed activity rather than the rational outcome of conscious construction and coordination—this essay reads Jacques Attali's Noise: The Political Economy of Music (1977) as a text in which the spirit of aesthetic revolt formally and materially converges with the neoliberal intellectual and political project.
Lack of expression of miR-29a/b1 impairs bladder function in male mice
Authors: Wang Zunyi , Spitz Robert , Vezina Chad , Hou Jianghui , Bjorling Dale E.
Published: May 2023

Lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) refer to various urological diseases, and incomplete bladder emptying is common among affected patients. The etiology of LUTS is largely unknown, and investigations of LUTS suggest that bladder fibrosis contributes to pathogenesis of LUTS. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are short (∼22 nucleotides), non-coding RNAs that repress target gene expression by a combination of mRNA degradation and translation inhibition. The miR-29 family is best known for its anti-fibrotic role in various organs. miR-29 was decreased in bladders of patients with outlet obstruction and a rat model of bladder outlet obstruction, suggesting that miR-29 may contribute to impaired bladder function subsequent to tissue fibrosis. We characterized bladder function in male mice lacking expression of Mir29a and Mir29b-1 (miR-29a/b1). Lack of miR-29a/b1 resulted in severe urinary retention, increased voiding duration and reduced flow rate, and these mice failed to void or voided irregularly during anesthetized cytometry. Collagens and elastin were increased in bladders of mice lacking miR-29a/b1. These findings reveal an important role for miR-29 in bladder homeostasis and suggest the therapeutic potential of miR-29 to improve symptoms in patients with LUTS.
Synthesis of Photochromic Heterocyclic-Fused Naphthopyrans. Tuning the Color and Fading Speed
Authors: Graça Vânia , Sousa Céu M , Coelho Paulo J
Published: May 2023

New photochromic 3-thienyl-3H-naphtho[1,2-b]pyrans fused to lactone and indole rings were efficiently prepared using a one-pot acid-catalyzed reaction, at room temperature, as the key step. These colorless photoswitches acquire intense red/brown shades under UV light and return spontaneously to the colorless state in the dark. The combination of the 3 heterocyclic rings assures a broad and intense absorption in the visible region and it allows a full switch between the two states in less than 1 min, at room temperature.
Μελέτη της τεχνολογίας κατασκευής σιδηρών αντικειμένων των αρχών της πρώτης προχριστιανικής χιλιετίας, με βάση τα ευρήματα της ανασκαφής Σπηλαίου Διός στην Πάρνηθα Αττικής
Authors: Ρογκενμπούκε Μισέλ
Published: May 2023

H διατριβή έχει ως θέμα τη μελέτη της τεχνολογίας κατασκευής σιδηρών αντικειμένων των αρχών της πρώτης προχριστιανικής χιλιετίας, με βάση τα ευρήματα της ανασκαφής ιερού του Διός στην Πάρνηθα Αττικής. Αποτελείται από δύο τόμους, εκ των οποίων ο Τόμος Α΄ περιλαμβάνει το κυρίως κείμενο της διατριβής με τη σύνθεση και την ερμηνεία των δεδομένων και ο Τόμος Β΄ τα δελτία με τις περιγραφές και τις αναλύσεις των αντικειμένων.Ο πρώτος τόμος, αποτελείται από τρία γενικά μέρη, το Θεωρητικό Μέρος (Μέρος Α’), τις Αναλύσεις (Μέρος Β’) και τη Σύνθεση των δεδομένων (Μέρος Γ’).Το Θεωρητικό Μέρος (Μέρος Α’) αποτελείται από τέσσερα κεφάλαια. Στο Κεφάλαιο 1 γίνεται μια κριτική ανασκόπηση της ιστορίας της έρευνας της μεταλλουργίας του σιδήρου με έμφαση στην Ελλάδα και την Ανατολική Μεσόγειο κατά το πρώτο μισό της 1ης προχριστιανικής χιλιετίας. Στο Κεφάλαιο 2 γίνεται μια σύντομη παρουσίαση της ανασκαφής, του Ιερού και της χρονολόγησής του. Στο Κεφάλαιο 3 παρουσιάζονται οι κατηγορίες των ευρημάτων που αναλύθηκαν, συγκεκριμένα τα μαχαίρια, οι οβελοί και τα ξίφη. Συζητούνται η τυπολογία και η χρήση τους, με βάση αρχαιολογικές μελέτες που έχουν γίνει και παράλληλα από άλλες ανασκαφές. Στο Κεφάλαιο 4, εξετάζεται με λεπτομέρεια όλη η εγχειρηματική αλυσίδα, από την εκκαμίνευση έως την κατασκευή των αντικειμένων, καθώς και επιμέρους θερμικές επεξεργασίες, όπως η ενανθράκωση, η βαφή και η ανόπτηση. Επιπλέον, γίνεται μια προσπάθεια ανασύνθεσης της μεταλλουργίας του σιδήρου κατά την αρχαιότητα με βάση τα αρχαιολογικά δεδομένα, τις γραπτές πηγές αλλά και την εικονογραφία.Στο Β’ Μέρος, το οποίο αποτελείται από 6 κεφάλαια, παρουσιάζονται τα αποτελέσματα των αναλυτικών μεθόδων. Στο Κεφάλαιο 5 αρχικά, περιγράφονται οι αναλυτικές μέθοδοι που χρησιμοποιήθηκαν, συγκεκριμένα (α) η ραδιογραφία ακτίνων Χ, (β) η φασματοσκοπία φθορισμού ακτίνων Χ (p-XRF), (γ) το ηλεκτρονικό μικροσκόπιο σάρωσης με φασματόμετρο ενεργειακής διασποράς ακτίνων Χ (SEM-EDS), (δ) η οπτική μικροσκοπία για μεταλλογραφική εξέταση, και (ε) η σκληρομέτρηση.Τα επόμενα κεφάλαια (Κεφάλαια 6-10) είναι αφιερωμένα στα αποτελέσματα κάθε μίας από τις παραπάνω αναλυτικές μεθόδους. Σε καθένα από αυτά παρουσιάζονται οι βασικές αρχές της κάθε μεθόδου, η αναλυτική συσκευή που χρησιμοποιήθηκε, τα ερωτήματα που κλήθηκε να απαντήσει η κάθε ανάλυση, καθώς και τα αποτελέσματα.Στο τελευταίο μέρος της διατριβής (Μέρος Γ’) παρουσιάζεται σε ένα κεφάλαιο (Κεφάλαιο 11) η σύνθεση των δεδομένων και των αποτελεσμάτων των αναλύσεων του υλικού αυτού, το οποίο από μόνο του αποτελεί μια πρωτότυπη συμβολή στην έρευνα της μεταλλουργίας του σιδήρου στις πρώιμες ιστορικές περιόδους, δηλαδή περιόδους κατά τις οποίες η μεταλλουργία σιδήρου βρίσκεται ακόμα σε φάση διαμόρφωσης, και οι οποίες ήταν ελάχιστα γνωστές έως τώρα στην αρχαιολογική και αρχαιομετρική έρευνα, προσφέροντας νέα δεδομένα για ζητήματα όπως η συνειδητή παραγωγή χάλυβα ή η χρήση σκληρών σιδηρονικελιούχων μεταλλευμάτων.
Ο ρόλος του Ηλεκτροεγκεφαλογραφήματος (ΗΕΓ) στην μελέτη σηπτικών ασθενών με και χωρίς συμμετοχή του Κεντρικού Νευρικού Συστήματος. Συσχέτιση ΗΕΓ ευρημάτων με φλεγμονώδεις βιοδείκτες πλάσματος και κλινική έκβαση
Authors: Πλατανάκη Χριστίνα
Published: May 2023

Το Σύνδρομο της Σήψης αποτελεί την τελική έκφραση των λοιμώξεων ανεξαρτήτως αιτιολογίας. Ο ασθενής που βρίσκεται σε σήψη μπορεί να παρουσιάσει διαταραχή του επιπέδου συνείδησης. Σχετικά με τη διάγνωση το ηλεκτροεγκεφαλογράφημα αποτελεί εξαιρετικά ευαίσθητη μέθοδο και μπορεί να αναδείξει βλάβη ακόμα και όταν η φυσική νευρολογική εξέταση είναι φυσιολογική. Στο Γενικό μέρος της παρούσας μελέτης αναλύονται εκτενώς οι έννοιες της Σήψης, της Εγκεφαλοπάθειας σχετιζόμενης με την Σήψη και του ηλεκτροεγκεφαλογραφήματος ως μεθόδου διάγνωσης σε διάφορες καταστάσεις. Στο ειδικό μέρος επιχειρήθηκε αρχικά η ανάδειξη της χρησιμότητας του ηλεκτροεγκεφαλογραφήματος στην κλινική πράξη σε σηπτικούς ασθενείς που νοσηλεύονται σε κλινική εκτός ΜΕΘ. Για τον σκοπό αυτόν πραγματοποιήθηκε βιβλιογραφική ανασκόπηση της πρόσφατης διεθνούς βιβλιογραφίας. Επιπλέον, επιχειρήθηκε η συσχέτιση φλεγμονωδών βιοδεικτών πλάσματος αλλά και του φλεγμονώδους βιοδείκτη ΕΝΥ NGAL με τις ηλεκτροεγκεφαλογραφικές διαταραχές ασθενών με εικόνα εγκεφαλοπάθειας από σήψη χωρίς απαραίτητα πρωτογενή λοίμωξη ΚΝΣ.
Are adverse effects of cannabidiol (CBD) products caused by tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) contamination?
Authors: Lachenmeier Dirk W. , Habel Stephanie , Fischer Berit , Herbi Frauke , Zerbe Yvonne , Bock Verena , Rajcic de Rezende Tabata , Walch Stephan G. , Sproll Constanze
Published: May 2023

Cannabidiol (CBD)-containing products are widely marketed as over the counter products, mostly as food supplements. Adverse effects reported in anecdotal consumer reports or during clinical studies were first assumed to be due to acid-catalysed cyclization of CBD to psychotropic Δ 9tetrahydrocannabinol (Δ 9THC) in the stomach after oral consumption. However, research of pure CBD solutions stored in simulated gastric juice or subjected to various storage conditions such as heat and light with specific liquid chromatographic/tandem mass spectrometric (LC/MS/MS) and ultra-high pressure liquid chromatographic/quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometric (UPLC-QTOF) analyses was unable to confirm THC formation. Another hypothesis for the adverse effects of CBD products may be residual Δ 9THC concentrations in the products as contamination, because most of them are based on hemp extracts containing the full spectrum of cannabinoids besides CBD. Analyses of 362 hemp-based products of the German market (mostly CBD oils) confirmed this hypothesis: 39 products (11%) contained Δ 9THC above the lowest observed adverse effect level (2.5 mg/day). Hence, it may be assumed that the adverse effects of some commercial CBD products are based on a low-dose effect of Δ 9THC, with the safety of CBD itself currently being unclear with significant uncertainties regarding possible liver and reproductive toxicity. The safety, efficacy and purity of commercial CBD products is highly questionable, and all of the products in our sample collection showed various non-conformities to European food law such as unsafe Δ 9THC levels, hemp extracts or CBD isolates as non-approved novel food ingredients, non-approved health claims, and deficits in mandatory food labelling requirements. In view of the growing market for such lifestyle products, the effectiveness of the instrument of food business operators' own responsibility for product safety and regulatory compliance must obviously be challenged, and a strong regulatory framework for hemp products needs to be devised.
Pedagogy: theory and methodology of educational work
Authors: Ryndak Valentina , Solovcova Irina , Tavstuha Ol'ga , Popova Valentina , Kuz'menkova Ol'ga , Schurkova Nadezhda , Naumenko Natal'ya , Shavrygina Ol'ga , Muratova Anzhelika , Kon'kina Evgeniya , Caricenceva Oksana , Peresun'ko Anastasiya , Moiseeva Alena , Litvak Rimma
Published: May 2023

The textbook serves to improve the level and quality of scientific and methodological training of students, teachers, practitioners, the introduction of modern technologies of education in educational practice. The authors summarized the theoretical knowledge about education and the educational process and the experience gained by teachers, and based on this they proposed specific tools for solving pedagogical problems. At the end of each chapter, practical tasks and questions are given, as well as a list of references for better assimilation of the material.
Complies with the federal state educational standards of higher education of the latest generation.
The textbook is addressed to university students, teachers of pedagogical disciplines, and can also be used in professional and pedagogical organizations and the system of advanced training of educational workers.
Labor protection for a pastry chef
Authors: Dobychina Anna , Bogdanov Aleksey , Barysheva Anna
Published: May 2023

The textbook examines in detail the regulatory framework of labor protection in Russia, as well as the basics of sanitation and occupational hygiene in the food industry, including in the production of confectionery. The content of the manual is largely based on the analysis of materials of instructions on labor protection and safety in food production.
Meets the requirements of the federal state educational standards of secondary vocational education of the latest generation.
It is intended for students of colleges and technical schools studying the disciplines "Life Safety" and "Human Ecology", as well as the special discipline "Labor Protection".
Professional self-development training
Authors: Golubeva Elena , Fedorov Aleksandr , Stecenko Irina
Published: May 2023

The training manual offers training for professional self-development. A theoretical justification is given, a program and an approbation are given, which showed its effectiveness.
Meets the requirements of the federal state educational standards of higher education of the latest generation.
It is intended for students, undergraduates studying relevant courses, managers of personnel management services, as well as anyone interested in self-development in the profession.
Financial literacy
Authors: Baranova Alla , Fridrih Marina , Sinyavskaya Elena
Published: May 2023

In the textbook for universities on the course "Financial literacy", the issues of formation and development of financial literacy of the population are disclosed, the main characteristics of finance are considered and practical recommendations on financial planning of personal and family budgets, tips on avoiding financial fraud are given. Much attention is paid to the methods of investing money, the basics of creating your own business. At the end of each chapter, tasks, tests and a glossary are offered to consolidate the theoretical material.
Meets the requirements of the federal state educational standards of higher education of the latest generation.
It is intended for students of higher educational institutions of all fields of training, as well as anyone interested in financial literacy.
Theory of electric circuits and electromagnetic field: collection of problems
Authors: Maystruk Aleksandr
Published: May 2023

The collection of tasks in separate sections of the discipline "Theoretical foundations of electrical engineering" is intended for self-study of students of higher educational institutions and testing of students' knowledge in the study of the theory of electrical circuits and the theory of the electromagnetic field. The modular structure of the collection allows you to use each module separately, without connection with other modules.
Meets the requirements of the federal state educational standards of higher education of the latest generation.
For students of higher educational institutions studying the courses "Theory of electrical circuits", "Numerical methods for calculating electrical circuits", "Theory of electromagnetic field", "Theoretical foundations of electrical engineering", "Electrical Engineering".
Activities of penal enforcement inspections for the execution of punishments, other measures of a criminal legal nature and preventive measures
Authors: Antonyan Elena , Babkina Elena , Byakina Svetlana , Grushin Fedor , Karhanina Lyudmila , Korzhikova Tat'yana , Lyadov Eduard , Siryakov Aleksey , Zhilko Irina , Ermasov E.
Published: May 2023

The textbook discusses the main provisions concerning the execution of criminal penalties, other measures of a criminal-legal nature, preventive measures, as well as control over parolees released on parole in relation to persons registered with the criminal executive inspections.
Meets the requirements of the federal state educational standards of higher education of the latest generation.
It is intended for cadets (trainees), students and teachers of educational institutions. The textbook may be of some interest to a wide range of readers studying problems in the field under consideration.
Mass data processing. Algebraic models and methods
Authors: Munerman Viktor , Borisov Vadim , Kononova Aleksandra
Published: May 2023

The monograph is devoted to mathematical and algorithmic support of mass data processing based on algebraic models. One of the most common classes of mass processing is considered - processing of highly active structured data. The construction of algebraic models of data and calculations and methods of proving their correspondence are analyzed. Three algebraic systems are studied, which can be used both as data models and as models of calculations. The algebraic and axiomatic methods of proving the correspondence of these models are investigated. A proof of their correspondence is given: homomorphism and isomorphism. The problem of optimizing the processes of mass processing of data presented in the form of algebraic expressions in the proposed algebra models is raised. The algorithms of synthesis and optimization of calculation of these expressions, the method of symmetric horizontal data distribution providing parallel implementation of calculation of algebraic expressions and generalization of the block algorithm of parallel matrix multiplication for the case of multiplication of multidimensional matrices are described in detail. Architectures of software and hardware complexes for effective parallel implementation of operations in the considered algebra models are proposed. A number of real-world examples illustrating the application of the proposed methods are given.
For students, postgraduates and teachers of technical and physical-mathematical universities and faculties.
Design of information and library systems
Authors: Marat Alimovich , Ganieva Barno , Mamadzhanov Hamid
Published: May 2023

The textbook includes materials on the development of information systems on the example of information and library systems, a description of modern standards at the stage of both technical and economic survey, development of system requirements, and preparation of a technical, working project, as well as pilot and industrial operation. The purpose of the book is to give detailed information about the basics (literacy) of information systems design to both senior students and developers, to familiarize them with the standards and rules for the preparation and execution of project documentation.
Meets the requirements of the federal state educational standards of higher education of the latest generation.
For students of higher educational institutions studying in the direction of "Information technologies and systems", and undergraduates of the course "Designing information library and archival systems". It is also recommended for advanced training courses for employees of information library and archival institutions, for teachers, researchers and doctoral students interested in obtaining valuable information about the stages and methods of information systems development. It will also be useful for novice developers, as well as managers of customer organizations for the correct formulation of tasks and acceptance of information systems.
Statistics in examples and tasks
Authors: Berezhnaya Ol'ga , Berezhnoy Vladimir , Seroshtan Mariya , Rogulenko Tat'yana
Published: May 2023

The textbook is a workshop on statistics, containing brief theoretical information, questions for discussion, examples of problem solving, practical tasks, tasks and tests for self-solution, questions for self-control on the main topics of the general theory of statistics and socio-economic statistics. It allows you to develop the skills of collecting, processing and analyzing statistical information necessary for making managerial decisions.
Meets the requirements of the federal state educational standards of higher education of the latest generation.
For students of higher educational institutions studying in the field of training 38.03.02 "Management". It can be used by teachers, graduate students and undergraduates, as well as specialists in the field of economics and management.