bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Analysis of Climate Change Impacts on Spring Maize Yields in the Loess Plateau
Authors: Ma Chenguang , Lei Na , Zhang Fang , Shi Lei , Zhang Jing , Dai Yilun
Published: December 2024

Using daily climate projection data from Agricultural Production Systems sIMulator (APSIM) and the Sixth International Coupled Model Comparison Program (cmip6) Scenario Model Comparison Program (ScenarioMIP), the impacts of climate change on maize yields in Yuzhong were assessed under two future social development pathways, namely, SSP126 (low greenhouse gas-emitting sustainable development) and SSP585 (high GHG-emitting conventional development) two future social development pathways, the impacts of climate change on maize yields in Gansu were assessed. It was found that under the baseline and SSP126、SSP585 climatic conditions, spring maize yield was 206 kg ha-1 higher in the N200 treatment than in the N150 treatment, and 736 kg ha-1 and 373 kg ha-1 in the SSP126 and SSP585 scenarios, respectively, and that increasing N application could effectively increase yield. There were significant spatial and temporal differences in the effect of climate change on spring maize yield under the same N application level treatment, when the N application level was 150 kg ha-1, compared with the baseline (1980~2014) regional spring maize annual average yield increased by 1335 kg ha-1 (SSP126) and 516 kg ha-1 (SSP585); when the N application level was 200 kg ha-1 (SSP126) and 683 kg ha-1 (SSP585); when the N application level was 200 kg ha-1, the average annual spring maize yield increased by 1865 kg ha-1 (SSP126) and 683 kg ha-1 (SSP585) compared to the baseline region, and the regional climatic changes favored the production of spring maize, and the effect of the yield increase was higher in SSP126 than in the SSP585 climatic scenario.
Changes and Development of School Sports in the Context of the Reform of Physical Education Secondary School Examination
Authors: Wang Junpeng
Published: December 2024

Purpose: To explore the reform of the physical education secondary school examination in Shanghai and provide strategies for the development of school physical education. Methods: To study the literature on the physical education secondary school examination and summarise the reform history of the physical education secondary school examination by using literature, logical analysis and other methods. Findings: (1) The positive impacts of the reform of the PE secondary school examination on school sports are manifested in the following ways: changing the concept of sports, promoting the implementation of diversified teaching of secondary school sports, implementing multiple evaluations in the reform of physical education learning and assessment, strengthening the construction of physical education teachers' faculties and improving the allocation of sports resources. (2) The negative impacts are: teaching is tilted towards the items in the secondary school examination, and traces of test-based education are obvious; fairness, truthfulness and accuracy are in doubt. Conclusion: The reform of the Shanghai Physical Education Intermediate Examination can effectively practice the requirements of cultivating students' core qualities, and it is necessary to continue to explore the path under the dual new development requirements of the new curriculum and new teaching in order to get rid of the test-based physical education once and for all.
Legal Aspects of Military and Defence Use of Outer Space
Authors: Malinowska Katarzyna
Published: December 2024

This chapter examines the evolving landscape of military activities in outer space, considering the challenges it poses to existing space law. With an increasing number of nations utilising space for military and defence purposes, questions arise regarding the application of space law principles to these activities. This chapter delves into the notions of militarisation and weaponisation in outer space, exploring the role of space law in governing military applications and interpretation of the Space Treaties. The analysis extends to the evolution of international law, considering both binding and non-binding norms. Further, this chapter investigates the legal frameworks governing military use at the national and international levels, emphasising the need for regulations to address risks, including regarding space debris and sustainability concerns, as well as the prospective development of the European Union Space Law. Ultimately, the chapter aims to conceptualise the current and future integration of military aspects into the space regulatory framework and their interactions with contemporary challenges.
Legal Aspects of Hybrid Threats and Warfare
Authors: Zombory Katarzyna
Published: December 2024

The chapter addresses the selected legal aspects of hybrid threats and warfare connected to certain branches of the international public and European Union (EU) law. The overarching objective of the chapter is to present a legal assessment of hybrid threats and delineate the scope of lawful countermeasures to respond to them, which is a prerequisite for swifter decision-making and enhancing the defensive capability of the EU. The author outlines the conceptual framework of hybrid warfare and hybrid threats, exemplified by the hybrid tactics used in the 2014 Russian invasion against Ukraine. The legal analysis of hybrid threats and warfare is carried out under rules governing the lawfulness of the resort to force (jus ad bellum), international law of armed conflicts (jus in bello, international humanitarian law), and human rights law. This analysis demonstrates that it is difficult to conclude whether the use of hybrid threats and warfare amounts to the use of force, and whether it triggers legal consequences attached to the existence of armed conflict, in terms of the right to self-defence and application of international humanitarian law, especially if a hybrid campaign does not involve the use of kinetic force. While balancing between war and peace, hybrid threats and warfare highlight how the traditional dichotomy underlying the law on the use of force works in favour of hybrid aggressors. Compared to the international legal framework, the EU’s framework “theoretically” offers wider possibilities for a collective response to hybrid threats and campaigns compared with the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO). This is because the EU framework enables invocation of the mutual solidarity clause (Article 222 Treaty on the Functioning of the EU) in situations that otherwise would not trigger a collective defence mechanism under Article 5 NATO Treaty.
The Path to Success: An Analysis of the Subjective and Objective Characteristics of Orthopaedic Surgery Applicants With Program Director Insight
Authors: Tishad Abtahi , Kass Jonathan D. , Stinson Griffin , Spiguel Andre
Published: December 2024

At present, there is uncertainty regarding the objective and subjective characteristics of competitive applicants for orthopaedic surgery residency (OSR). With the hope of enlightening future applicants and their orthopaedic surgeon mentors on what factors they ought to emphasize to successfully match into an OSR program, we summarized and analyzed the characteristics of OSR applicants between the 2020 and 2023 residency application cycles using data from the Texas Seeking Transparency in Application to Residency (STAR) database and insights from the 2020 National Resident Matching Program (NRMP) program director (PD) Survey. Factors considered in our analysis include standardized examination scores, class quartile, research output, extracurricular activities, and application characteristics, such as number of programs applied to, number of interviews attended, and match outcome. To elucidate the importance of more nonquantifiable metrics, we analyzed 423 subjective comments from OSR applicants found in the STAR database and compared them with relevant findings from the 2020 NRMP PD Survey. Of the 1,094 OSR applicants identified, 926 matched and 168 did not match, yielding a match rate of 84.64%. Matched applicants had markedly higher board examination scores, were more likely to be in the first and second quartiles of their class, had a higher number of honored clerkships, were more likely to have Alpha Omega Alpha (AOA) membership, and overall had more research, volunteer, and leadership experiences. Our logistics regression analysis showed that being in the first quartile had the greatest effect on odds of matching, sequentially followed by having a United States Medical Licensing Examination step 2 score above 250, having more leadership opportunities, and finally, more total research output. With respect to nonquantifiable metrics, applicants and PDs alike heavily emphasized performing well on subinternships and having desirable personal attributes such as a strong work ethic, willingness to learn, and understanding the importance of teamwork.
Attitudes Toward Water, Sanitation, and Hygiene (WASH) Among Rural and Urban Students in Iringa Region, Tanzania
Authors: Edward Augustine Magwe
Published: December 2024

Students' attitudes toward Water, Sanitation, and Hygiene (WASH) are influenced by socio-economic conditions, cultural perceptions, and resource availability. Urban students typically access better WASH facilities and education than rural peers. Cultural norms and community involvement play crucial roles in promoting positive hygiene practices and improving health outcomes, especially in Tanzania. The study examined WASH attitudes among students in rural and urban Iringa, Tanzania, highlighting socio-economic influences on these perspectives. This study assessed WASH attitudes among primary and secondary students in rural (Kilolo, Mufindi) and urban (Iringa Municipality) schools in Iringa, Tanzania, from July 4 to 25, 2024. A quantitative analytical cross-sectional design was employed, including 1,536 students randomly selected from 64 schools. Data were collected using structured questionnaires and analyzed by Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS), utilizing descriptive statistics, P-values for associations, and multinomial logistic regression to identify predictors associated with attitudes among students. Rural students have a mean attitude score of 86.38%, slightly higher than urban students at 85.42%. The overall mean attitude score for both groups is 85.90%. It is noteworthy that both rural and urban settings demonstrate a high level of attitude. An independent samples t-test reveals a significant difference (t = -2.067, p = 0.039). In rural areas, 82.4% of students have a high attitude compared to 79.8% in urban areas. Key predictors of WASH attitudes include level of study and type of school, where primary and public-school students revealed significantly higher moderate attitudes, all with (p < 0.05). Rural students exhibit more positive WASH attitudes than urban peers, indicating the need for targeted educational programs and resources to address disparities in various settings highlighted attitude gaps.
Transformasi Digital Melalui Penggunaan Google Profil Bisnis Dalam Pengembangan Produk Bisnis Pada Cafe Grassroot di Paiton Probolinggo
Authors: Ghufron Moh. Idil , Warisa Ummi , Munawwaroh Fadilatul , Aslamiyah Suwaibatul
Published: December 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis transformasi digital melalui penggunaan Google Profil Bisnis dalam pengembangan produk bisnis pada Cafe Grassroot di Paiton, Probolinggo. Di era digital saat ini, keberadaan online yang kuat menjadi krusial bagi bisnis untuk meningkatkan visibilitas dan menjangkau lebih banyak konsumen. Google Profil Bisnis adalah alat yang efektif untuk membantu bisnis kecil meningkatkan keberadaan online mereka, menyediakan informasi yang mudah diakses oleh konsumen potensial. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah studi kasus dengan pendekatan kualitatif, yang melibatkan observasi langsung, wawancara mendalam dengan pemilik cafe, dan analisis data sekunder. Proses transformasi digital di Cafe Grassroot mencakup pembuatan dan optimalisasi profil bisnis di Google, termasuk penambahan foto-foto produk, jam operasional, dan informasi kontak. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penggunaan Google Profil Bisnis secara signifikan meningkatkan jumlah kunjungan ke Cafe Grassroot dan interaksi online dengan konsumen. Konsumen menjadi lebih mudah menemukan lokasi cafe, melihat ulasan, dan mempelajari menu yang ditawarkan. Selain itu, pemilik cafe juga dapat memanfaatkan fitur analitik dari Google Profil Bisnis untuk memahami perilaku konsumen dan menyesuaikan strategi pemasaran mereka. Dari segi pengembangan produk, informasi yang diperoleh dari ulasan konsumen di Google Profil Bisnis membantu Cafe Grassroot dalam mengidentifikasi produk yang paling disukai dan area yang perlu diperbaiki. Transformasi digital ini tidak hanya meningkatkan visibilitas dan jumlah pengunjung, tetapi juga memberikan wawasan yang berharga bagi pengembangan produk dan peningkatan layanan. Penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa penggunaan Google Profil Bisnis merupakan langkah strategis dalam transformasi digital yang efektif untuk bisnis kecil seperti Cafe Grassroot
Distribution of Fusarium wilt of cotton in Côte d'Ivoire and evaluation of the pathogenicity of isolates of the causal agent Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. vasinfectum (Atk.) Snyder and Hansen
Authors: KOUAME Abenan , AMANGOUA Nogbou , KOUADIA Adjoa , AKANVOU Louise , GNAPI Diane , GUESSAN Essoi , GIBAND Marc , KOFFI N , ABO Kouabenan
Published: December 2024

Aim/background: This study made it possible to assess the importance of Fusarium wilt of cotton in Côte d'Ivoire, through its distribution and the level of pathogenicity of populations of the pathogen. One of the factors limiting cotton production in Côte d'Ivoire is Fusarium wilt, a disease caused by the fungus Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. vasinfectum.
Methods: The fungal material obtained from samples of cotton plants showing symptoms of Fusarium wilt in the field was used for the root dip inoculation test to evaluate the level of virulence of the twenty-four (24) isolates representative of our collection.
Results: This evaluation showed a diversity of aggressiveness within the pathogen population. Indeed, the dendrogram of pathogenicity classes highlighted three clusters. Cluster 1 composed of seven (7) isolates (AM 96, AM 16, AM 47, AM 72, AM 55, AM 81, AM 105) or 29.17% is more virulent with an average wilting index (WI) of between 36.33 and 61 and average stunting index (SI) from 52.33 to 86. Cluster 2, composed of twelve (12) isolates, i.e. 50% of the study isolates (AM 3, AM 48, AM 74, AM 75, AM 28, AM 98, AM 97, AM 33, AM 2, AM 20, AM 12, AM 79) with intermediate virulence and whose average WI is between 5.33 and 26.33 and the SI is between 42.66 and 80.33. Finally, cluster 3 composed of isolates AM 9, AM 90, AM 61, AM 116, AM 94 is less virulent with average wilting and average stunting indices between 0 to 22.33 and 18.66 to 32 respectively.
Conclusion: These results show a strong presence of Fusarium wilt in the south of the cotton basin, but also its continued spread towards areas not traditionally affected and a diversity in the level of pathogenicity of pathogen populations of the Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. vasinfectum.
A Case-control study of risk factors for dog rabies in Northeast Tunisia
Authors: Kalthoum Sana , Gharbi Raja , Ali Mehdi , Sliman Imed , Haboubi Nouha , Barrak Khaoula , Fakhfekh Khalil , Romdhane Rafika , Hechri Habiba , Boughanemi Salma , Seghaier Chedia , Bahloul Chokri
Published: December 2024

Background:
Since 2012, the northeast region of Tunisia has witnessed an increase in dog rabies cases, indicating a concerning emergence of the disease. Previous studies have indicated the widespread nature of rabies in northern Tunisia. However, there remains a lack of comprehensive understanding regarding the associated risk factors.

Aim:
This study aimed to identify potential risk factors associated with the occurrence of dog rabies in northeast Tunisia through a case-control approach.

Methods:
A case-control study was conducted, involving a cases group (n=77) consisting of dogs confirmed positive for rabies at the referral laboratory using the Fluorescent Antibody Test (FAT) between 2013 and 2019. The controls group (n=77) comprised both negative cases received at the laboratory and dogs that underwent a 15-day quarantine period and received a certificate of absence of rabies after observation. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were performed to explore various potential risk factors, including age, sex, breed, confinement, vaccination status, presence of bites, ownership status, origin of dogs, geographic sector, presence of rabies cases, and proximity to slaughterhouses.

Results:
The final logistic regression model revealed several significant findings. The odds of an unconfined dog being affected by rabies were nearly twice as high as for confined dogs (OR=1.9; 95% CI: 1.17 to 3.27). Furthermore, the odds of rabies occurrence were 25 times higher in areas where rabies cases had been reported within the previous three months to one year compared to uninfected areas (OR=25.7; 95% CI: 3.02-219.14). Dogs born at home to the owner's bitch were also found to be at significantly higher risk of rabies (OR=2.41; 95% CI: 1.14-5.13). Additionally, residing in areas with reported rabies cases in the last three months was found to increase the risk of rabies by 2.8 times (OR=2.8; 95% CI: 1.16-6.77). However, vaccination was associated with a 1.6-fold reduction in the risk of contracting rabies (OR=0.6; 95% CI: 0.38-0.97).

Conclusion:
This study provides valuable insights into the risk factors associated with dog rabies in northeast Tunisia. The findings underscore the importance of implementing targeted control measures, such as increased vaccination coverage and enhanced confinement measures, to mitigate the spread of rabies in the region. These findings can inform decision-making processes aimed at improving the effectiveness of national rabies control programs.
Pomegranate peel extract diet enhances health and immunity of common carp (Cyprinus carpio) against Aeromonas veronii
Authors: Lafi Raad , Shtewi Hanan , Sultan Fatima , Shammari Nadia
Published: December 2024

Background:
Pomegranate (Punica granatum), fruit rich in bioactive constituents, is used as a feed supplement against bacterial pathogens in aquaculture.

Aim:
This study examined the effects of supplementing the diet of the common carp (Cyprino carpio) infected with Aeromonas veronii on growth and some hematological, biochemical, and immunological health indicators.

Methods:
Carp was fed for seven weeks a diet of 30% crude protein and 7% crude fat, supplemented with 0, 0.5, 1.0 or 1.5% pomegranate peel, and growth was monitored. Hematological, biochemical and immunological analyses were performed, including liver and antioxidant enzymes.

Results:
Bacteria from infected fish were identified by biochemical characteristics as A. veronii. Growth indicators (final body weight, weight gain, and specific growth rate), and feed utilization (relative growth rate and protein efficiency ratio) improved significantly in fish fed on 0.5 or 1.0% pomegranate-supplemented diets compared with the negative control (0%). RBCs, WBCs and Hct increased at all supplementation levels, and the highest hemoglobin (HGB) was in the 1.5% group. Biochemical parameters, except globulin, decreased in fish fed supplemented diets. No significant differences were observed in total protein and albumin levels. There was a significant improvement in immunological parameters and antioxidant enzymes.

Conclusion:
Dietary supplementation with pomegranate peel is a promising strategy for enhancing C. carpio's health in the presence of A.veronii. Further work is necessary to determine the optimal supplementation level and its long-term effects.
TENDÊNCIA TEMPORAL DE INTERNAÇÕES HOSPITALARES POR INSUFICIÊNCIA CARDÍACA EM IDOSOS NO ESTADO DO PIAUÍ, BRASIL, 2010 A 2021
Authors: Carvalho André Rodrigues , Mascarenhas Marcio Denis Medeiros , Rodrigues Malvina Thais Pacheco , Nascimento Fernando Ferraz do , Andrade Jesusmar Ximenes , Lima Carlos Eduardo Batista de
Published: December 2024

O entendimento sobre as internações por insuficiência cardíaca no Piauí pode nortear um planejamento em saúde mais efetivo, visto que, altas taxas de internações podem estar associadas a limitações de acesso a serviços de atenção primária à saúde. Objetivo: analisar a tendência temporal de internações hospitalares por insuficiência cardíaca em idosos no estado do Piauí, de 2010 a 2021. Métodos: estudo ecológico de séries temporais sobre internações por insuficiência cardíaca no Piauí e suas macrorregiões de saúde estratificadas por sexo e faixa etária entre 2010 e 2021. Os dados foram extraídos do Sistema de Informação Hospitalar do Sistema Único de Saúde; o modelo de Prais-Winsten foi utilizado para análise das tendências. Resultados: houve 55.010 internações por insuficiência cardíaca. A análise da tendência temporal mostrou redução de 3,42% (intervalo de confiança de 95% -4,33; -2,5; p<0,01) ao ano nas taxas de internações no estado do Piauí. Com exceção da região de Cerrados que apresentou tendência estacionária, todas as demais macrorregiões de saúde apresentaram tendência decrescente. Conclusão: o estado do Piauí apresentou redução nas taxas de internações por insuficiência cardíaca, independente do sexo e faixa etária.
El papel de las autocitas en el factor de impacto de las revistas de Biblioteconomía y Ciencia de la Información
Authors: Salvador Oliván José Antonio , Marco Cuenca Gonzalo , Arquero Avilés Rosario
Published: December 2024

El factor de impacto de las revistas depende del número de citas recibidas, entre las que se incluyen las autocitas a la propia revista. El objetivo principal de este estudio es determinar la tasa de autocitas en las revistas de Biblioteconomía y Ciencia de la Información y analizar su influencia en el factor de impacto, estudiando si hay diferencias entre las revistas por especialidades: Library Science (LS), Information Science (IS) y Management Information Systems (MIS). Se seleccionaron las revistas de la categoría Information Science and Library Science en el Journal Citation Reports con factor de impacto, y se clasificaron en tres especialidades: LS, IS y MIS. Se extrajeron del Journal Citation Reports (JCR) los datos del año 2022 relacionados con las autocitas e impacto de las revistas: número total de citas, autocitas, número de ítems publicables, factor de impacto con y sin autocitas y cuartil. A partir de estos datos, se creó la tasa de autocitas para cada revista. Las revistas de la especialidad MIS tienen mayor factor de impacto y menor tasa de autocitas que las revistas de IS y las de LS, siendo estas últimas las que presentan menor factor de impacto y mayor tasa de autocitas. Existe en las tres especialidades una correlación inversa entre la tasa de autocitas y los factores de impacto, aunque solamente es significativa en las revistas de MIS.
Integración de los Objetivos de Desarrollo Sostenible (ODS) a la docencia en Información y Documentación
Authors: Montesi Michela , Álvarez Bornstein Belén , Bautista Puig Núria
Published: December 2024

Se presentan los resultados de un proyecto de innovación docente finalizado a la integración de los Objetivos de Desarrollo Sostenible (ODS) en cinco asignaturas del Grado en Información y Documentación (I&D) de la Universidad Complutense de Madrid durante el curso 2023-24. Además de una introducción inicial sobre ODS y sostenibilidad, a lo largo de un cuatrimestre el alumnado de las cinco asignaturas realizó una serie de actividades centradas en ODS. Al principio del curso (septiembre-octubre de 2023) se realizó una encuesta para determinar los conocimientos en ODS y sostenibilidad del alumnado y, al final (diciembre 2023-enero 2024), se llevaron a cabo una serie de 4 grupos focales para conocer el impacto de las actividades en la formación recibida. En el conjunto, se constata que los conocimientos del alumnado en ODS y sostenibilidad aumentan con el nivel de estudios, siendo superiores en los cursos más avanzados. Por otro lado, la actitud del alumnado acerca de las posibilidades de trabajar para los ODS desde las bibliotecas es menos optimista cuanto más sólidos son los conocimientos disciplinarios. Finalmente, los participantes consideran que la formación en ODS debe verse como parte de una educación básica, impartirse en los primeros años de curso y a través de metodologías experienciales que les permitan tocar con mano la realidad social sobre la que se pretende actuar. Sin embargo, no la consideran relevante para su futuro profesional cuando su objetivo es trabajar en el marco de empresas.
Transparencia y difusión digital de la información en el sector educativo
Authors: Gil de la Fuente Sara , Siso-Calvo Brenda
Published: December 2024

El principal objetivo de esta investigación es determinar el grado de transparencia de diez Institutos de Educación Secundaria (IES) públicos ubicados en Zaragoza capital mediante la evaluación de dos aspectos esenciales: la publicidad activa y voluntaria en sus páginas web corporativas, así como el propio soporte web que se utiliza para difundir la información. La metodología se desarrolla a partir de la creación de un mapa de publicidad activa y voluntaria compuesto por 34 indicadores, 16 relativos a las obligaciones previstas en la normativa (indicadores generales) y 18 de carácter educativo (indicadores específicos). También se generó una rúbrica con criterios de valoración para analizar características adicionales de la información publicada (forma, datación, accesibilidad y claridad), así como del soporte web (accesibilidad web y móvil, lugar de publicación y estructura). Los principales resultados revelan la poca información que se puede localizar a través de las webs de centro y que dichos soportes web no facilitan la búsqueda y localización de la información. Se concluye que los centros educativos todavía se encuentran en una fase inicial de adaptación y las propuestas de mejora deben ir dirigidas inicialmente a la publicación de diversos tipos de información atendiendo tanto a la cantidad como a la calidad de los contenidos.
Community Development in Rural Public Libraries
Authors: Djuni Prihatin Silverius , Khoir Safirotu , Fajar Priyanto Ida , Aliwijaya Araf , Ayu Kusuma Dewandaru Dyah , Rahma Kusuma Wardani Tri
Published: December 2024

This research aims to explore the role of public libraries in the development of rural communities and its impact on social inclusion. The replication of the Social Inclusion-Based Library Transformation Program (TPBIS) was carried out by the Regional Library and Archives Office of Gunung Kidul (public library) to support the development of rural communities. Data collection methods included participant observation and Focus Group Discussion (FGD) involving 5 facilitators and 10 participants from rural communities engaged in community development activities through the library. The research results indicate that the proper selection of libraries is crucial to ensure that the program aligns with the needs and potential of the village. Village libraries not only serve as book repositories but also act as centers for sharing information and community activities in various fields. Two village libraries, located in Kalurahan Mulo and Kalurahan Tepus, Gunung Kidul district, have two activities related to batik. The interaction activities facilitated by the library enable rural communities to actively engage in social, economic, and cultural activities. It is evident that the batik activities organized in the library not only serve as a platform for preserving local culture but also provide economic opportunities for the community. The research findings highlight the importance of the role of village libraries in promoting social inclusion and the development of rural communities.
Calidad y uso de datos confiables en la práctica docente universitaria
Authors: Gallego Josefa , Martín González Yolanda , Iglesias Rodríguez Ana
Published: December 2024

Se aborda la alfabetización en datos como marco competencial para analizar la calidad, selección y evaluación del uso de datos confiables en la práctica docente. El objetivo de este estudio consiste en conocer el grado de competencias y destrezas que tiene el docente universitario en alfabetización en datos para localizar e identificar datos confiables, y seleccionar y valorar la información relevante, fiable y de calidad con el fin de incluirla en su actividad docente. Se aplicaron técnicas cuantitativas y cualitativas de carácter descriptivo, a partir de la interpretación de los datos obtenidos a través de una encuesta realizada a los profesores universitarios del ámbito de las ciencias sociales. Este análisis proporciona como resultado una radiografía de la calidad y relevancia de las fuentes de datos confiables que utiliza el profesorado de ciencias sociales en el ámbito universitario, y a su vez, permite valorar las competencias transversales relacionadas con estos contenidos en su labor docente.
Visualización de datos abiertos de investigación mediante grafos de conocimiento
Authors: Ávila Barrientos Eder
Published: December 2024

Se analiza el uso de grafos de conocimiento para visualizar datos abiertos de investigación, para ello se exploran sus antecedentes, desarrollo y respectivos niveles de aplicación. Se expone una metodología para el manejo de datos y su análisis mediante el uso de grafos de conocimiento, vocabularios semánticos y ontologías como DDI-RDF y DataCite Ontology. Se han procesado dos conjuntos de datos abiertos de investigación referentes a Musicología y a las Ciencias de la Tierra y Medio Ambiente, los cuales fueron localizados en los repositorios e-CienciaDatos y CORA respectivamente. Se ha buscado contrastar el tratamiento y visualización de datos textuales y numéricos, con la intención de identificar sus respectivas variables de análisis. Se ha encontrado que la visualización de datos mediante el uso de grafos de conocimiento permite identificar de manera intuitiva e interactiva patrones en los datos, los cuales remiten a una interacción entre sus diversos creadores y actores. Se estima que los grafos de conocimiento son una herramienta que permite visualizar grandes conjuntos de datos, pues en la era de la inteligencia artificial y de los datos masivos, pueden significar un método para para identificar comportamientos complejos que sirvan para una latente toma de decisiones.
Evolution and Challenges in 5G Telecommunications: A Technical Overview of Network Architecture and Performance Optimization
Authors: Sayed Aqsa
Published: December 2024

Abstract-The transition from 4G to 5G
telecommunications networks represents a
significant leap in wireless technology, marked by
substantial improvements in speed, capacity, and
latency. This paper explores the technical aspects of
5G network architecture, its key components, and the
challenges faced in the deployment of 5G networks.
Through an in-depth examination of technologies
such as millimeter-wave (mmWave) communication,
Massive MIMO (Multiple Input, Multiple Output),
and network slicing, the paper provides a
comprehensive overview of how these innovations
contribute to the enhanced performance
characteristics of 5G. Additionally, the paper
discusses the challenges associated with 5G rollouts,
including spectrum management, interference
mitigation, and the integration of legacy networks.
Finally, the paper compares LTE and 5G
technologies, highlighting the performance
improvements and new capabilities that 5G brings to
telecommunications.
Keywords- 5G Network Architecture, Latency

Reduction, Network Slicing, Ultra-Reliable Low-
Latency Communication (URLLC), IoT, Network

management
Adaptive Resilience in API Polling Frameworks: A Hybrid Approach with Retry Strategies, Timeout Policies, Fallback Mechanisms, and Event-Driven Strategies
Authors: Ramaswamy Mithilesh
Published: December 2024

The growing reliance on distributed systems and microservices architecture necessitates resilient API polling
frameworks capable of handling transient failures without compromising system stability. This research introduces a
hybrid framework that integrates adaptive retry strategies with exponential backoff and jitter, dynamically tuned
timeout policies, robust fallback mechanisms, and event-driven strategies. These components collectively enhance
the ability of API polling frameworks to handle transient failures by reducing response times, conserving resources,
and enabling more intelligent recovery mechanisms. By incorporating event-driven approaches, the framework
optimizes communication flow and reduces unnecessary polling. This paper establishes a high-level blueprint for
scalable, fault-tolerant API polling frameworks, laying the foundation for future innovation in resilient distributed
systems.

Keywords
Resilient Systems, API Polling, Event-Driven Strategies, Transient Failures, Adaptive Retry Strategies, Timeout
Policies, Fallback Mechanisms, Distributed Systems, Fault Tolerance, Scalability, Microservices
Multilingual Prompting in LLMs: Investigating the Accuracy and Performance
Authors: Vadlapati Praneeth
Published: December 2024

Large Language Models (LLMs) such as GPT-3.5 are trained using data from multiple sources, such as web
data, which are predominantly in English. Hence, LLMs are commonly hypothesized to exhibit significant variations
in response accuracy across multiple languages. This research investigates the hypothesis that the primary language of
training data impacts the accuracy of responses to multilingual prompts. The experiments are conducted to evaluate
the performance of LLMs across English and several other supported and unsupported languages, with questions
structured to measure accuracy quantitatively. The study has been conducted on diverse tasks that include mathematical
operations, word manipulation, and linguistic analysis. The results of the experiment demonstrate a clear edge of
English prompts over prompts in other languages, with an accuracy of 80% to 100% for English prompts. A significant
degradation is observed in accuracy for the same prompts translated into multiple languages other than English. The
research underscores the limitations of English-dominated LLM architectures in effectively handling prompts across
diverse languages. The study reveals the requirement for support for multiple languages to enable equitable access to
AI-powered applications throughout the world. The source code is available at github.com/Pro-GenAI/PromptLang.
Keywords: Large Language Models (LLMs), multilingual prompts, cross-language NLP, response accuracy, Natural
Language Processing (NLP)
Integrated Pacemaker System with Piezoelectric Energy Harvesting and Laser-Based Heartbeat Abnormality Detection
Authors: Roy Satyajit , Das Shreyam
Published: December 2024

Cardiovascular diseases remain the leading cause of mortality globally, highlighting the critical need for innovative
cardiac care technologies. This study presents an advanced pacemaker system integrating piezoelectric energy
harvesting, chemical sensors, and laser-based heartbeat abnormality detection. By converting body thermal and
mechanical energy into electrical power, the system ensures continuous operation. The integration of diode laser
sensors provides non-invasive, real-time monitoring of blood flow and oxygen saturation, enabling early detection
of arrhythmias. A mobile application supports remote monitoring and emergency alerts, enhancing patient safety.
The system's novel architecture aims to reduce surgical interventions and improve cardiac outcomes, setting a
benchmark for future advancements in biomedical engineering.
АДЫГАБЗЭМ ИПАДЕЖХЭМ ЯЕГЪЭДЖЭН (ТЫРКУБЗЭ ЗЫ1УЛЪ ЕДЖАК1ОМЭ АПАЕ)
Authors: Doleva Ruzana
Published: December 2024

Adige dilinin hal sistemi dört hal durumunu içerir: yalın, ergatif, araçsal, çekimli. Adıge dilinin, Türkçe de dahil olmak üzere diğer dillerden farklılaşan kendine has özellikleri olduğundan, Türkçe konuşan öğrencilere eğitim verirken birçok zorluk yaşanmasına neden olurlar. Hal formları cümle yazmada önemli bir rol oynar, bu nedenle öğrencilerin bunlara hakim olması önemlidir. Adige dili ergatif sisteme sahip diller arasında yer almaktadır. Yalın hal (nominative case) sistemi olan dillerden farklı olarak cümlenin iki özne biçimi (yalın ve ergatif) vardır. Öznenin durumu yüklem fiilin geçişliliğine bağlıdır. Geçişsiz bir fiilin öznesi yalın durumdadır, geçişli bir fiilin öznesi ise ergatif durumdadır. Dolaylı bir nesne geçişsiz bir fiil cümlesinde sunulabilir. Ve geçişli bir fiil cümlesinde her zaman doğrudan bir nesne sunulmalıdır. Her durumun bir cümlede kendi anlamı ve kendi görevleri vardır. Yalın durum, geçişsiz bir fiilin öznesi ve geçişli bir fiilin doğrudan nesnesidir. Ergatif durum daha fazla işlevi yerine getirir: geçişli bir fiilin öznesi, dolaylı bir nesne, bir yer, zaman zarfı, bir eylem aracı. Araçsal durum, eylemin yönünü, eylem aracını gösterebilir ve dolaylı bir nesne olabilir. Adıge dilinin durum biçimlerinin tanımlanmasında birçok dilbilimci yer almıştır (Rogava, Kerasheva, 1966; Kumakhov, 1967; Shagirov, 1967; Shauko, 1983; Bagirokova, 2016). Ancak biz bu konuya farklı bir açıdan yaklaşmak istiyoruz: Bu zor konuyu öğrencilere en iyi ve daha açık bir şekilde nasıl anlatabiliriz.
MAÇAHEL’DE GÜRCÜ HALK EDEBİYATI VE İMECELERDE/NADİLERDE ANLATILIŞI
Authors: Dursun Gülşen Fatma
Published: December 2024

Bu çalışmada, Artvin ilinin Borçka ilçesine bağlı Kafkas dağı eteklerindeki vadide kurulu altı köyden oluşan Macahel adlı bölgede eskiden beri dilden dile dolaşan Gürcüce halk hikâyeleri ve bu hikâyelerin anlatıldığı ortamlar olan imeceler ve ev oturmaları incelenmektedir. Sosyal yardımlaşma ve dayanışma kültürü olarak imecelerin kar yağışının bol olduğu bölgede işlerin bitirilmesine büyük katkı sağladığı bir gerçektir. Bu imeceleri renklendirip cazip ve eğlenceli hale getiren halk hikâyelerinin, şiirlerin ve destanların toplum üzerinde eğitici ve yönlendirici etkisi yanında kültür taşıyıcılığı rolü de dikkate değerdir. Dil üzerinden taşınan bu kültürün erkeklerin katıldığı imecelerde, kadınların katıldığı imecelerde ve ev oturmalarında hikâyeci teyzeler ve amcalar tarafından anlatılan, düğünlerde atışmalarda kullanılan edebi özellik taşıyabilme potansiyeline sahip hikâyeler, fabl tarzı ya da dini içerikli anlatılar, şiirler, maniler, dualar ve masallar bu çalışmada ele alınacaktır. Günümüzde Macahel dışından gelen ücretli işçilerin imece kültürünü zayıflatması ve televizyonların ve internetin sohbet meclislerinin heyecanını ortadan kaldırması, Macahel’deki halk edebiyatı ürünlerinin üretilmesini ve aktarılmasını da olumsuz etkilemiştir. Bu bakımdan çalışma, zayıflamaya, belki de kaybolmaya yüz tutmuş mahalli halk edebiyatı örneklerini tespit etmek bakımından da önem arz etmektedir.
Culturally responsive curriculum: A systematic overview
Authors: Shih Yi-Huang
Published: December 2024

A culturally responsive curriculum is a teaching approach centered on students’ cultural backgrounds. It emphasizes cultural diversity and understanding by integrating elements of students’ cultures into the curriculum to increase their learning motivation and engagement. Hence, a culturally responsive curriculum is an educational approach in which students’ cultural backgrounds, life experiences, and social contexts are weaved into the curriculum, resulting in content that is relevant to students’ lives and needs. This article provides an overview of the essence of a culturally responsive curriculum. Teachers, especially, can gain a deeper understanding of the principles and significance of a culturally responsive curriculum by reading this article. Finally, the practice of culturally responsive curriculum in the context of Taiwan’s culture is discussed.
The West-African City
Authors: Chenal Jérôme
Published: December 2024

Rapid growth, unmanageable cities, urban crisis, macrocephali... The cities of west Africa are no longer ‘plannable’ – at least not using traditional urban development tools. Without negating the importance of participatory processes in city creation, it nonetheless seems crucial to return to city plans and models, to what cities convey, and how they are built. But to understand the city in all its depth and richness, we must also hit the streets. The West African City proposes a dual perspective. At the urban scale, it analyses historical trajectories, spatial development, and urban planning documents to highlight the major trends beyond the plans. At the second level – that of public space – the street is discussed as the city’s lifeblood. By innovating approaches and testing new methods, The West African City offers an unconventional look at Nouakchott, Dakar and Abidjan, the three study sites for this investigation. The city of today, in Africa or elsewhere, must re-examine its many social, economic, cultural, political, and spatial dimensions; for this, urban research has begun challenging its own methods. This book is also the companion of Chenal's MOOC African cities.
Het gelijksoortigheidsvereiste bij collectief verhaal van letselschade
Authors: van den Bergh A.H.M.
Published: December 2024

Het gelijksoortigheidsvereiste bij collectief verhaal van letselschade

Dit artikel onderzoekt de toepassing van het gelijksoortigheidsvereiste in collectieve letselschadeprocedures onder de WAMCA. Aanleiding is de uitspraak van de rechtbank Amsterdam in de zaak van Stichting Bureau Clara Wichmann tegen borstimplantatenfabrikant Allergan, waarin voor het eerst een collectieve vordering tot vergoeding van immateriële schade ontvankelijk werd verklaard. De vraag die hier centraal staat, is welke handvatten de rechter in dergelijke procedures ten dienste staan om te kunnen bepalen dat sprake is van voldoende gelijksoortige vorderingen, zodat de procedure inhoudelijk behandeld kan worden. Deze vraag wordt beantwoord aan de hand van een analyse van bestaande collectieve schadeafwikkelingsmechanismen en een aantal op dit moment aanhangige personenschadezaken.
Ansiedade e depressão em adolescentes do gênero feminino de escolas públicas: um estudo de caracterização
Authors: Windberg Crysthian Winícius Freitas , Sulzbach Geovana Vitória , Cechin Giovanna Laura , Nazar Thaís Cristina Gutstein
Published: December 2024

A adolescência é um período de transição no desenvolvimento entre a infância e a vida adulta, no qual ocorrem diversas mudanças no âmbito físico, cognitivo e psicossocial. Nessa fase acontecem diversos marcos importantes, que associados aos fatores de risco resultam em uma vulnerabilidade psicológica. Esta pesquisa tem como objetivo caracterizar a ansiedade e a depressão a fim de compreender os fatores que se relacionam, direcionando a 713 adolescentes do gênero feminino, por meio de uma amostra feita em escolas públicas do ensino médio de um município no interior do estado do Paraná. A coleta de dados ocorreu em 13 escolas públicas, aplicando o Questionário Juventude Brasileira Fase II e a Escala Hospitalar de Ansiedade e Depressão (HADS). Os dados foram analisados com o software SPSS 27.0, utilizando estatísticas descritivas e correlações. Na aplicação da escala HADS 54,7% das adolescentes mostraram tendência à depressão e 74,2% à ansiedade. Fatores como o ambiente escolar e a relação parental podem influenciar esses resultados, dessa maneira destaca-se a importância da identificação precoce dos fatores de risco para prevenção. Assim, observou-se que há uma urgência por intervenções eficazes e acessíveis para promover saúde mental dessas adolescentes, exigindo políticas públicas e práticas educacionais que abordem essas questões.
Indicações da Cannabis sativa na terapêutica veterinária – revisão sistemática
Authors: Correia Francielle dos Santos , Oliveira Rebecca Ekklecia da Costa , Escodro Pierre Barnabé
Published: December 2024

A Cannabis sativa L. tem sido usada ao longo da história por suas propriedades medicinais e, recentemente, seu uso na medicina veterinária tem ganhado mais atenção. Estudos sobre fitocanabinoides, como o tetraidrocanabinol (THC) e o canabidiol (CBD), mostram que eles interagem com o sistema endocanabinoide dos mamíferos, o que destaca a planta como uma possível opção de tratamento para problemas como dor crônica, inflamação, convulsões e ansiedade em animais. Apesar de existirem relatos positivos e algumas pesquisas promissoras, ainda há uma necessidade de organizar o conhecimento sobre o uso terapêutico da Cannabis sativa na medicina veterinária. Este artigo tem como objetivo realizar uma revisão sistemática da literatura disponível, analisando os benefícios, desafios e limitações do uso da planta. A pesquisa foi feita em bancos de dados como Google Scholar, PubMed e Elsevier, considerando publicações de 2018 a 2024 e utilizando palavras-chave relevantes. Ao reunir essas informações, buscamos oferecer uma visão clara que ajude na prática clínica e na criação de diretrizes futuras nessa área em crescimento.
Flexibilización del monopolio estatal del petróleo en Brasil en la década de 1990
Authors: Souza José Lopes de
Published: December 2024

El presente trabajo tiene como finalidad analizar la flexibilización del monopolio del petróleo y la apertura del mercado para la iniciativa privada, la cual se inició con la aprobación de la Enmienda Constitucional nº 9/1995, seguida de la promulgación de la Ley nº 9.478/1997 (Ley del Petróleo), que creó la Agencia Nacional del Petróleo (ANP) y estableció la concesión como régimen de contratación de empresas para realizar actividades de exploración y producción de petróleo y gas en el país. En el 2010, a través de la Ley nº 12.351/2010, se aprueba el régimen de reparto de la producción para la explotación y producción de petróleo en el polígono del pre-sal y en áreas consideradas estrategias. Como elementos de análisis, observamos los factores y objetivos de las reformas regulatorias del contrato de concesión y del reparto de producción, comparándolos bajo una perspectiva de objetivos a ser alcanzados. Además, examinamos los indicadores de la industria nacional del petróleo y gas natural, con la finalidad de verificar los resultados obtenidos.
Análise espacial da estrutura da paisagem no entorno da Área de Relevante Interesse Ecológico (ARIE) Floresta da Cicuta, sul do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Brasil
Authors: Vieira Junior Maurílio de Faria , Pereira Junior Edson Rodrigues , Freitas Welington Kiffer de , Anjos Lúcia Helena Cunha dos
Published: December 2024

O estudo teve como objetivo avaliar a fragmentação de remanescentes florestais no entorno da ARIE "Floresta da Cicuta" no Vale do Paraíba do Sul, RJ, através de métricas da paisagem. A área possui clima mesotérmico e vegetação Floresta Estacional Semidecidual Submontana, sendo classificada em cinco principais classes de uso e cobertura: Floresta, Pastagem, Área Urbana, Corpos Hídricos e Solo Exposto, totalizando 3.307,92 hectares e 221 manchas. A análise por métricas da paisagem, essencial para a conservação da biodiversidade, revelou que a classe "Floresta" abrange 1.196,3 hectares (36,28%) e exibe fragmentos variando de 0,66 a 859,6 hectares, com densidade média de fragmentos de 2,48 e bordas de 92,98 m.h-1.  A área central média variou entre 11,84 e 2,91 hectarees conforme a largura da borda (15-120 m). A distância média do vizinho mais próximo não variou e o índice de proximidade médio variou em 88,1 m, conforme o raio de busca (100 – 1000m). Embora a fragmentação tenha impactado negativamente a funcionalidade dos fragmentos menores, as métricas de área e conectividade indicaram relativa proximidade entre eles, o que facilita a movimentação da fauna e a dispersão de propágulos. Fragmentos maiores, especialmente aqueles acima de 10 hectares, são cruciais para o funcionamento da paisagem e intercâmbio genético, por possuírem considerável conectividade, favorecendo ações de conservação e recolonização. A integração de métricas da paisagem com técnicas de geoprocessamento permitiu a caracterização eficaz da área de estudo, evidenciando a importância dos fragmentos florestais e a necessidade de medidas de conservação para garantir a sustentabilidade desses ecossistemas frente às ameaças sobre as florestas tropicais.