bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
El cine que nos lleva. Entrevista con José Luis Sampedro
Authors:   Universidad de La Laguna (España), de Armas Estévez Hugo
Published: October 2023

José Luis Sampedro was one of the great Spanish humanists of the late twentieth century and the beginning of the new millennium. An economist, but also a novelist, poet, playwright and essayist, Sampredro was, above all, an intellectual committed to his time. Two of his novels were adapted for the cinema: El rio que nos lleva (Antonio del Real, 1989) and The Etruscan Smile (La sonrisa etrusca, Oded Binnun and Mihal Brezis, 2018). This interview explores his relationship with cinema, his myths and his preferences. The writer expresses, with his characteristic freedom, his opinions about different films that had left an impression on him throughout his life, about the future of cinema and about the work of some of the filmmakers who most interested him. In short, it is an in-depth conversation on the undeniable influence that this modern artistic manifestation has had on contemporary society and culture.
Utilisation of Maternal Health Services and its Impact on Maternal Mortality Rate: A Case for KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa
Authors: Naranjee Nellie , Naidoo Vasanthrie , Krishna Suresh B. N. , Jinabhai Champaklal C. , Sibiya Maureen N.
Published: October 2023

Despite several strategies in place in South Africa and globally to prevent maternal mortality and morbidity, maternal deaths remain high, especially in sub-Saharan Africa and lower to middle-income countries. The aim of the study was to identify the challenges that lead to pregnant women’s delays in seeking antenatal care (ANC) early and to find strategies to prevent such delays, contributing to a reduction of maternal deaths in South Africa. The study was conducted in two phases. Phase one analysed data on maternal deaths collected by the District Health Information System (DHIS) of the KwaZulu-Natal Department of Health from all 11 districts over a 10-year period (2009–2019). The data on maternal deaths revealed that there was a very high maternal mortality rate; between 800 and 1 780 per 100 000 live births. This correlated with very low antenatal visits; between 695–895 per 100 000 live births. In phase two, a literature review was conducted using several computer-assisted databases, bibliographies and websites to identify and source current policies. The literature review presents causes of delay in seeking ANC and strategies to prevent maternal deaths. Recommendations were made to consider strengthening education and awareness related to family planning; women empowerment through community health programmes and change in healthcare providers’ behaviours and attitudes; ensuring availability of maternal health resources; and developing strategies to ensure that the ANC services delivered are in line with the South African Department of Health Guidelines.
Conditioned Pain Modulation Does Not Differ Between People With Lower-Limb Tendinopathy and Nontendinopathy Controls: A Systematic Review With Individual Participant Data Meta-analysis
Authors: Murphy Myles C. , Mkumbuzi Nonhlanhla , Keightley Jordan , Gibson William , Vallance Patrick , Riel Henrik , Plinsinga Melanie , Rio Ebonie K.
Published: October 2023

OBJECTIVE: To explore whether people with lower-limb tendinopathy have reduced relative conditioned pain modulation (CPM) when compared to nontendinopathy controls.

DESIGN: Systematic review with individual participant data (IPD) meta-analysis.

LITERATURE SEARCH: Eight databases were searched until August 29, 2022.

STUDY SELECTION CRITERIA: Cross-sectional studies comparing the magnitude of the CPM effect in people with lower-limb tendinopathy to nontendinopathy controls in a case-control design.

DATA SYNTHESIS: Included studies provided IPD, which was reported using descriptive statistics. Generalized estimating equations (GEEs) determined between-group differences in the relative CPM effect, when adjusting for co-variables. Study quality was assessed using a Joanna Briggs Institute checklist, and certainty of the evidence was assessed using the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluations.

RESULTS: Five records were included, IPD were provided for 4 studies (n = 219 with tendinopathy, n = 226 controls). The principal GEE (model 1) found no significant relative CPM effects for tendinopathy versus controls (B = −1.73, P = .481). Sex (B = 4.11, P = .160), age (B = −0.20, P = .109), and body mass index (B = 0.28, P = .442) did not influence relative CPM effect. The Achilles region had a reduced CPM effect (B = −22.01, P = .009). In model 2 (adjusting for temperature), temperature (B = −2.86, P = .035) and female sex (B = 21.01, P = .047) were associated with the size of the relative CPM effect. All studies were low-quality, and the certainty of the evidence was moderate.

CONCLUSION: There were no between-group differences in the magnitude of the CPM effect, suggesting clinicians should manage lower-limb tendinopathy using interventions appropriate for peripherally dominant pain (eg, tendon loading exercises such as heavy slow resistance). Based on the “moderate”-certainty evidence, future studies are unlikely to substantially change these findings. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther 2024;54(1):50-59. Epub 19 October 2023. doi:10.2519/jospt.2023.11940
DEVELOPMENT OF A MODEL FOR PREDICTING PROTEIN DENATURATION TEMPERATURE BY MACHINE LEARNING METHODS
Authors:   Institute of Cytology and Genetics SB RAS, Novosibirsk, Gavrilenko A.D.
Published: October 2023

he protein language neural network model ESM-2 and the neural network regression model TabNet. ESM-2 is used to calculate vector representations of amino acid sequences, based on which the melting temperature is predicted using TabNet. Comparison of the developed method with one of the best existing methods, ProTstab2, showed that PMTPred had a lower prediction error. The root mean square error (RMSE) between the observed and predicted Tm values using PMTPred was 5,76 °C, while for ProTstab2 the RMSE value was 9,09 °C.
PRIMERCOV — A BIOINFORMATICS TOOL FOR ANALYZING THE SPECIFICITY OF DEGENERATE PRIMER STRUCTURES
Authors:   1Centre for Strategic Planning of FMBA of Russia, Moscow, Gukov B.S. , Stetsenko I.F. , Matsvay A.D. , Shipulin G.A. ,   2Lomonosov Moscow State University
Published: October 2023

We have developed a program to solve the problem of assessing the specificity of primers containing degenerate positions. This approach provides a solution to the problem with less computing power, while demonstrating an improvement in the quality of determining homology loci, compared with the Blast-based approach.
SEARCH FOR POTENTIAL MASTER REGULATOR MOLECULES RESPONSIBLE FOR EARLY STAGES DEVELOPMENT OF ATHEROSCLEROSIS
Authors:   Institute of General Pathology and Pathophysiology, Moscow, Borodko D.D. , Sukhorukov V.N. , Nikiforov N.N. , Omelchenko A.V. ,   Petrovsky National Research Center of Surgery, Moscow
Published: October 2023

Despite active research on atherosclerosis, which is nowadays a major cause of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality, the mechanisms underlying its development in the early stages have not been identified yet. We conducted a transcriptomic analysis of samples from cybrid cultures exposed to LPS and discovered 9 potential master regulators, that are associated with mitochondrial stress and chronic inflammation, which are known to precede plaque formation.
DIFFERENCES IN THE MTDNA MUTATION SPECTRUM OF TERMITE AND NON-TERMITE COCKROACHES ARE ASSOCIATED WITH LIFE EXPECTANCY
Authors:   Immanuel Kant Baltic Federal University, Kaliningrad, Koshel A.A. , Osadchiy G.G. , Mikhailova A.A. , Mikhailova A.G. , .Efimenko B.E. , Gunbin K.V. , Popadin K.Yu. ,   Institute for Evolution and Biodiversity, University of Münster, Germany,   Ecole Polytechnique Federale de Lausanne, Switzerland
Published: October 2023

We analyzed the mutational spectra of the COX1 gene for 16 species of termite cockroaches and 7 species of non-termite cockroaches using phylogenetic methods and found that social termites have more frequent Ah > Gh substitutions compared to less social termites and cockroaches, which may indicate the influence of life expectancy on the mutational spectrum of mtDNA.
DOCKING FOR DISIGN OF A MAPK14 INHIBITOR — A THERAPEUTIC TARGET IN ALZHEIMER’S DISEASE
Authors:   Immanuel Kant Baltic Federal University, Kaliningrad, Khokhlova I.Yu. , Kakotkin V.V. , Agapov M.A. , Semina E.V. , Chupakhin E.G.
Published: October 2023

Alzheimer’s disease is characterized by an excessive amount of anti-inflammatory cytokines produced through the activation of the protein kinase MAPK14. Twenty candidate compounds were selected by docking, 12 of which showed efficacy in binding to glycine 110 in the enzyme structure. Binding at this fragment is characteristic of a highly specific glycine flip strategy for the development of inhibitor protein kinase MAPK14.
CREATION OF AN IMAGE ANALYSIS ALGORITHM FOR METABOLIC IMAGING
Authors:   Privolzhsky Research Medical University, Nizhny Novgorod, Shchechkin I.D. , Rodimova S.A. , Bobrov N.V. , Mozherov A.M. , Kuznetsova D.S. ,   2Lobachevsky State University of Nizhny Novgorod
Published: October 2023

The study developed an algorithm using neural networks to determine liver tissue fluorescence characteristics from FLIM images. The algorithm was trained on a set of FLIM images of a liver regeneration model and was able to accurately determine cell boundaries, isolate them in a FLIM image, and calculate corresponding fluorescence parameters.
HETEROTROPHIC MICROALGAE CULTIVATION TECHNOLOGIES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF USEFUL SUBSTANCES AND BIOPRODUCTS
Authors:   ITMO University, Saint Petersburg, Vidler A.D.
Published: October 2023

The research evaluates methods for the production of useful substances from microalgae. Growing microalgae is more productive and environmentally friendly than cultivated plants. The microalgae market was worth $939.4 million in 2020 and is still growing. However, high cost of production is an obstacle. Technologies to cultivate microalgae under heterotrophic conditions will improve production control and prevent contamination.
DEVELOPMENT OF REFOLDING CONDITIONS FOR FC-FUSED PROTEINS OBTAINED IN THE ESCHERICHIA COLI EXPRESSION SYSTEM
Authors:   Geropharm R&D Center, Saint Petersburg, Astrelina P.S. , Ishchuk S.A.
Published: October 2023

The study describes a procedure for selecting refolding conditions for Fc-fused protein using the statistical approach DoE (Design of Experiments), examines factors influencing the process, and proposes methods such as SDS-PAGE and gel filtration chromatography for assessing the correct protein structure.
BIONFORMATIC ANALYSIS OF THE GENOMES OF WILD AND DOMESTIC ANIMALS OF THE SPECIES CANIS LUPUS TO UPGRADE THE “WOLF/DOG” DIFFERENTIATION MODEL*
Authors:   Institute of Genetics and Cytology NAS, Minsk, Belarus, Kipen V.N. , Snytkov E.V.
Published: October 2023

Using bioinformatic methods, the genomes (SRA) of the animal species Canis lupus and Canis lupus familiaris were analyzed, as a result of which polymorphisms (SNPs) with significant differentiating potential were identified.
Design and Development of Novel Mini Tablet Cap Technology for the Treatment of Cardiovascular Diseases
Authors: Adimulapu Anil K. , Devhare Lalchand D. , Patil Anasuya , Chachda Nilesh O. , Dharmamoorthy G.
Published: October 2023

Objectives: The purpose of the investigation was to extend and evaluate the novel mini tablet cap for treating cardiovascular disease at a desired combinational therapeutic activity and to improve patient compliance. A cheap four-in-one pill can guard against heart attacks and stroke. Methods and Materials: The drug product was manufactured by mini tablet cap technology. The technology was designed to initially use hydrochlorothiazide, simvastatin immediate release, metoprolol succinate, and asprin sustained release to reach the therapeutic levels at prolonged therapy. The two mini-bilayer tablets were prepared by wet granulation method and compression coated with a hydrophobic and hydrophilic polymer like ethyl cellulose and super disintegrating agents to release simvastatin and hydrochlorothiazide immediately. Results: Fourier transformer infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) studied the interaction studies of four chosen drugs. The mini tablet cap technology was designed as two mini bi-layer tablets in a capsule. The quantitative detection of four individual drugs was determined by using the RP-HPLC method. It was found that RP-HPLC is sensitive, reproducible, and valid for determining the mini tablet cap. The in-vitro drug release studies found that simvastatin and hydrochlorothiazide release 90% immediately within 20 minutes. Metoprolol and aspirin controlled the release for up to 24 hours, and drug release kinetics found that the drug release behavior of the optimized formulation followed first-order kinetics. Conclusion: The mini tablet cap is one of the best dosage forms to treat cardiovascular diseases. Because it was reported, the combination of these four drugs reduces mortality by 83% in high-risk patients with heart diseases, hypertension, diabetes, and obesity. The novel mini tablet cap approach data revealed a promising formula for improved relief of patient complaints during treatment or prevention of cardiovascular diseases
Isolation and Characterization of Phytoconstituents from the Plant Excoecaria agallocha Linn
Authors: Shelar Maruti K , Patil Manohar J , Patil Santosh S
Published: October 2023

Background: Marine resources are currently widely studied because academic and industrial researchers are striving to extract lead molecules from the interior of oceans. Marine resources are increasingly the subject of significant research. Excoecaria agallocha Linn., one of the plants with several pharmacological effects such as anti-inflammatory, analgesic, antiulcer, anticancer, etc., is one of the phytoconstituents in mangroves that have been widely used in folk medicine to treat disorders. Objective: The objective of present study to perform a comprehensive phytochemical investigation of milky mangrove. The plant E. agallocha were collected, extracted, isolated, and analyzed in an attempt to better comprehend the various phytochemical aspects of the plant. Material and method: The isolated product was analyzed by different spectroscopic method. Results: The isolated product is characterized as steroidal moiety containing two double bond at 6 and 22-position and alcoholic group at 3-position of cyclopentanoperhydrophenanthrene in to the isolation of (1,2,3,4,5,10,11,12,14,15,17-dodecahydro-3-hydroxy-4,4,10,13,14-pentamethyl17-(( E )- 5,6-dimethylhept-3-en- 2- yl-)9-H-cyclopenta[a]phenanthren-6,16-dione. Conclusion: The compound’s actual structure is made known using all of the UV, IR, NMR, and mass spectrometry evidence
In-silico Exploration for Novel CDK8 Inhibitors: A Virtual Study by Pharmacophore Screening
Authors: Patil Khushabu , Nemade Mahesh , Bedse Anjali , Chandra Piyush , Ranjan Rakesh , Tare Harshal , Patil Samir
Published: October 2023

The primary goal of this research is to identify potent and safe CDK8 inhibitors from the ChEMBL (kinases) database. The study employs a multi-faceted computational approach to achieve its objectives. Structure-based pharmacophore modeling is used for the initial screening of potential CDK8 inhibitors. Subsequent molecular docking studies are conducted to assess the binding affinities of the screened molecules. Finally, toxicity profiling is carried out to ensure the safety of the potential inhibitors. A total of 150 molecules were identified that passed the initial pharmacophore screening. Among these, molecule CHEMBL404766 was found to have the highest binding affinity in molecular docking studies. Furthermore CHEMBL404766 was found to be the safest candidate, exhibiting a negligible toxic dose in toxicity profiling. The study suggests the potential use of computational approaches for the identification and design of potent and safe CDK8 inhibitors. These findings have significant implications for the development of targeted therapies in diseases where CDK8 plays a crucial role
Development and Evaluation of Herbal Shampoo as an Antifungal Formulation
Authors: Dyagatwar Milind , Pimple Bhushan , Kuchekar Mohini , Vadje Suvarna , Gaikwad Siddhant , Bhurkunde Vanita , Tare Harshal , Chumbhale Deshraj
Published: October 2023

The herbal shampoo is a normal hair care solution used to clear out grease, debris and dandruff, stimulating hair growth and strength. It also gives the hair a glossy appearance and smoothness, reducing tenderness. This research aims to develop an herbal shampoo and assess its physical and chemical properties with an eye toward ensuring its safety and effectiveness. Moreover, it also aims to replace hazardous synthetic chemicals and with safe natural ones. Herbal shampoo was formulated using plants viz Tea, ashwagandha, sandalwood and Nagarmotha which compared with the marketed formulation. Various physicochemical tests were carried out, like visual inspection, pH, detergency, dirt dispersion, determination of foam, viscosity and stability evaluation, and antimicrobial activity. It was observed that prepared herbal shampoo had good cleansing properties and was very efficient in controlling the growth of Candida and Malassezia fungi.
Beyond Syringes and Pills: Advances in Drug Delivery Systems for Diabetes
Authors: Bhavani Muggu S. , Sarvanana Ravindran
Published: October 2023

Diabetes is a chronic disease that affects millions of people worldwide, and its prevalence is increasing. The two primary subtypes, type 1 and 2, have different causes and mechanisms, but both result in abnormal glucose metabolism. The standard of care for diabetes includes insulin therapy, oral anti-diabetic medications, diet, exercise, weight loss, and frequent self-monitoring of blood glucose levels. However, these treatments have limitations that can lead to poor patient compliance and suboptimal outcomes. Alternative insulin delivery systems such as inhalers, patches, and oral sprays offer potential benefits such as increased convenience, reduced pain, and improved adherence. Non-insulin injectables, long-acting basal insulins, and GLP-1 agonists have also shown promise in improving glycemic control and reducing the risk of complications. Nanoparticle-based systems like SLNs are a novel approach that offers several advantages for diabetic management. They allow for targeted drug delivery, controlled release, and improved biocompatibility, enhancing drug efficacy and reducing side effects. SLNs have shown potential in animal models for reducing extracellular matrix degradation, inhibiting carbohydrate digestive enzymes, and enhancing the regeneration of insulin-producing beta cells. More studies are needed to validate their safety and efficacy in humans, but the potential benefits of SLNs make them a promising option for diabetes management.
Effect of Adding Taurine to Gabapentin on Toronto Clinical Neuropathy Score in Patient with Diabetic Neuropathy
Authors: Mohammad Haider R , Mohammed Mohammed M , Hlail Ahmed A
Published: October 2023

Diabetic neuropathy is a type of nerve damage that can occur in patients with diabetes mellitus. High blood glucose can injure nerves throughout the body. Diabetic neuropathy most often damages nerves in the legs and feet causing symptoms like pain and numbness. Taurine has been widely investigated regarding to its properties as a neuroprotective agent, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory in several neurodegenerative diseases. A sample consist of 40 participants enrolled randomly into two groups; group A, 20 patients treated with gabapentin capsules 300 mg once daily at night for 3 consecutive months, and group B, 20 patients treated with gabapentin capsules 300 mg once daily at night plus taurine 1 g thrice daily for 3 consecutive months. Adding taurine in combination with gabapentin significantly improves numbness, tingling, and temperature when compared with gabapentin alone. As well as, has a highly significant improving on ataxia. Taurine is better in improving insulin sensitivity due to lowering HbA1c level significantly, beside a medium degree in increasing insulin secretion; as evidenced by decreased fasting serum glucose, decreased HbA1c significantly, increased insulin level significantly, and increased C-peptide level. The conclusion of this study, adding taurine to patients with diabetic neuropathy has a significant improving effect on Toronto clinical neuropathy score by alleviating signs and symptoms, and improving insulin sensitivity.
Comparative Materiovigilance Program for US, Europe, Japan, India and Proposed Reporting Mechanism for Indian Scenario
Authors: Teli Manvendra S. , Jhawat Vikas
Published: October 2023

Medical devices are thought to be a blessing for the healthcare system because they are tools that can save lives. Apart from therapeutic potential, these devices have lot of negative side effects. It took a strong cohort attentive system to control such negative impacts. As a result, materiovigilance was introduced. Materiovigilance is the investigation and monitoring of incidents brought on by the use of medical devices. It controls adverse events (AE) and brings about international harmony. These goals are kept in mind when the principles, viewpoints, and materiovigilance techniques in the USA, Europe, China, Japan, Australia, Canada, and India are contrasted. It is crucial to make this comparison to comprehend the shortcomings of the current regulatory frameworks in the nations described above. Additionally, it will give the regulatory authorities a complete picture so they can alter any existing legislation as necessary. In the present study, an ideal proposed model of medical devices for its approval has been explained easily
Chemometric Exploration of Photostability of Ornidazole in Aqueous Solution with Soft and Hard Modelling Multivariate Curve Resolution Method
Authors: Sutar Abhijeet , Dhole Tejas , Ringe Shruti , Kulkarni Shounak
Published: October 2023

The photodegradation study of ornidazole in an aqueous solution was performed by using the multivariate curve resolution-alternative least square technique. The sample solution was exposed to direct sunlight for 42 hours, and the spectroscopic data was obtained at predetermined intervals of wavelengths. MCR-ALS, which is a chemometric technique, was applied to the data set. Initially, soft modeling was used, followed by hard modeling. The results show that ornidazole undergoes photodegradation via a two-step process in an aqueous medium, with three species involved in the degradation process. The initial concentration of pure ornidazole decreases while the concentration of intermediate start increasing and the concentration of intermediate falls with the formation of a new product. Thus, we have got three pure spectra in the MCR-ALS process. The reaction kinetics was performed with the hard modeling technique using kinetic constrain and the rate constant of the reaction was found to be k1 = 0.0955 and k2 = 1.287, respectively.
The Implementation and Evaluation of Pharmaceutical Care Plan in Stroke Patients at Tertiary Care Hospital
Authors: Gopu Dharani , D Akila Devi
Published: October 2023

Objective: To assess the pattern and prevalence of adverse drug reactions (ADRs) reported by the neurology department and review the benefits of the pharmaceutical care plan. Materials and Methods: A total of 148 stroke cases with previous medication history correlated with current complaints leading to hospitalization were included in the prospective study for one year in the neurology department. Results: This study identified non-adherence (50%) and ADRs (38%). Ignorance of the disease, its complications, and the possible adverse effects of self-medication have been identified as risk factors. The medication-related problems were mainly observed with antimicrobials, central nervous system (CNS), central venous system (CVS), and inflammatory and immune modulators. Conclusion: The risk factors involved are illiteracy regarding prescribed therapy benefits. In the patient’s medication therapy, warfarin has more adverse events, and an observation of the patient’s plasma concentration levels increased.
Application of Quality by Design in RP-HPLC for Robust Impurity Profiling and Stability Assessment of Doxylamine
Authors: Chavan Avinash , Gandhimathi R
Published: October 2023

The primary purpose of this research was to create and validate a doxylamine detection method using reverse phase high performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC) for use in pharmaceutical formulations and bulk materials. Quality by design (QbD) served as the inspiration for this approach. The method was developed by running a C18 column at 1-mL/min through a mobile phase of 60 parts methanol to 40 parts 0.1% OPA water (pH 2.8). The detection was done with a UV detector set to 259 nm. All requirements for system applicability were satisfied by the suggested approach, including an acceptable asymmetry factor and an adequate number of theoretical plates. A correlation coefficient (R2) of 0.9990 was used to confirm linearity over a concentration of 10–50 g/mL. The approach showed good accuracy by a mean %recovery ranging from 99.59–101.45% and a %RSD between 0.11 and 0.81. Precision tests conducted both intraday and across days showed that the medication content stayed within allowable bounds. The approach was found to be robust, with only minor variations in flow rate, mobile phase composition, and detecting wavelength significantly affecting the accuracy and specificity. A 0.71 g/mL LoQ and a 0.23 g/mL LoD were determined to be analytical limits of detection and quantification, respectively. This study substantiates the development of a reliable, long-lasting, and cost-effective QbD-based RP-HPLC method suitable for the comprehensive analysis of doxylamine in tablet formulations and bulk dosage
Formulation And Evaluation of Quercetin Loaded Nanosponges of Abiraterone Acetate
Authors: Thorat Suvarna , Tare Manoj
Published: October 2023

A novel idea in medicine delivery is the use of nanosponges. In the current research, an effort was made to create in-situ gel based on nanosponges that contained abiraterone acetate loaded with quercetin. The major purpose of nanosponges is to offer a prolonged release, lessen the negative effects of conventional dosage forms, and enhance the bioavailability of abiraterone acetate by using quercetin as a natural bioenhancer. Combining ethyl cellulose and eudragit in varying quantities, the quasi emulsion solvent diffusion technique was used to create nanosponges and quercetin as a natural bioenhancer. The formulation properties of the produced nanosponges were assessed. All batches of nanosponges had their manufacturing yield and trapping effectiveness assessed. Formulations F 03-P1 and F 07-P2 were found to be the optimum formulations based on results. Both F 03- P1 and F 07-P2 were used to create the gels G1 and G2. Viscosity, spreadability, drug content, and in-vitro tests showing 28.88% drug release after 24 hours all favored G2 as the optimal formulation. A gel base was created using the optimized formulation after it had been tested for scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analysis. Nanosponges containing gel had evaluated for different tests. According to the study, adding drugs to nanosponges can increase the rate of drug release, improve medication targeting at a particular spot, and hence lessen systemic toxicity.
Development of a Simple Accurate Method, Validation and It’s Degradation Studies of Nirmatrelvir, Ritonavir in Bulk and Marketed Formulation by RP-HPLC
Authors: Rani J David Blessing , C Asha Deepti
Published: October 2023

An easy, accurate, and precise method used for simultaneous quantification of nirmatrelvir, ritonavir in bulk and marketed formulation by reverse phase high performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC) using a standard column Inertsil ODS (150 x 4.6 mm, 5 μm ) at a rate of flow 1-mL/min, acetonitrile and buffer containing hexane sulphonic acid, 50:50 v/v as a mobile phase was introduced through the HPLC column, detected at a wavelength 258 nm. Nirmatrelvir and ritonavir retention times were 2.481 and, 3.873 minutes, respectively. %Recovery rates for nirmatrelvir and ritonavir were 100 and 100.3%, respectively. LoD and LoQ values for nirmatrelvir and ritonavir were 1.5, 1 and 4.5, 3 g/mL, respectively. Nirmatrelvir regression equation is y = 32885.25x + 4223.04 while ritonavir is y = 39086.65x + 1680.21. Stability indicating studies done by acid, alkali, peroxide, Reduction, thermal, neutral and ultra violet light. The newly created reverse phase HPLC method, for bulk and marketed formulation, was rapid, stability indicating and accurate
In-vivo Evaluation of Nephroprotective Activity of Naringenin against ADPKD and MDCK-derived Cysts
Authors: Varalakshmi T.Naga , Chitra V
Published: October 2023

Aim: Determining the in-vivo assessment of Naringenin’s nephroprotective efficacy against Autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD) and Madin-Darby canine kidney (MDCK) derived cysts. Method: Our research on the molecular mechanism of naringenin, a flavonoid present in plants and berries that has been shown to limit cell growth and protect against cancer in in-vitro and animal models, was conducted using dictyostelium, a simple, controllable biomedical model. Cultured MDCK cells were used to generate differentiated tubule cells, and these findings were extrapolated to a human kidney model employing these cells. Results: While naringenin inhibited growth in dictyostelium, it had no effect on development. In a random-gene-knockout screen, a TRPP2 (polycystin-2) knockout mutant was discovered to be resistant to naringenin’s effects on growth and random-cell movement. Changes in the divalent transient receptor cause polycystic kidney disease type 2 potential cation channel TRPP2. We found that the growth of cysts and MDCK cells might be inhibited by naringenin. Partial resistance to naringenin was achieved in this model by lowering TRPP2 levels via siRNA, as evidenced by the presence of larger cysts following treatment with 3 and 10 M naringenin compared to controls. Naringenin had no effect on chloride secretion. Conclusion: Naringenin’s influence on cell proliferation is mediated by TRPP2 in both dictyostelium and mammalian kidney cells, despite their vast evolutionary distance from one another (polycystin-2). Naringenin will be the subject of more research as a possible new therapeutic treatment for ADPKD
Resurgence of Human Monkey Pox: A Review
Authors: Raut Shilpa , Baviskar Kajal , Mahajan Komal , Dawange Shamal , Bidkar Mayur , Bedse Anjali , Tare Harshal
Published: October 2023

After being prevailing in Central and West Africa throughout the 1970s, sporadic cases of monkeypox sickness have surfaced in recent years. On the other hand, the monkey pox outbreak in the United States made headlines and garnered international attention in 2003. In 2022, the virus has caused a catastrophic pandemic, with over 50 nations being affected. There were 183 new cases of monkeypox recorded to WHO in April 2023, representing a 0.2% rise in overall cases, and 14 new deaths from the disease. Monkey pox shares the poxviridae family with the smallpox virus. One explanation for the rise of monkeypox in people is the discontinuation of smallpox immunizations. The zoonotic infectious illness is distinguished by a pustular rash resembling smallpox and systemic infection with severity ranging from mild to severe. Though the condition is self-limiting, the consequences it causes can be deadly. The illness has no particular therapy, however, it can be treated using antivirals that are effective against smallpox. Vaccines for smallpox have also been shown to be effective. The current article addresses the signs and symptoms of monkeypox sickness and the transmission pathways and treatment choices.
Prostate cancer in India: Current perspectives and the way forward
Authors: R. Bhargavi , Khilwani Barkha , Kour Bhumandeep , Shukla Nidhi , Aradhya Rajaguru , Sharma Devendra , Vijayvargiya Maneesh , Ansari Abdul S. , Sugunakar V. , Mathur Praveen , Mishra Ashwani , Ramaswamy Gopalakrishna , Sadasukhi Nripesh , Valadi Jayaraman K. , Medicherla Krishna Mohan , Kumar Geetha , Ecker Rupert C. , Bissa Bhawana , Sadasukhi T. C. , Suravajhala Renuka , Mishra Nandita , Mathiessen Rune , Johri Pranav , Batra Jyotsna , Nair Bipin , Singh Keshav K. , Suravajhala Prashanth N. , Lohiya Nirmal Kumar
Published: October 2023

Prostate cancer (PCa) is one of the burgeoning cancers worldwide. Of late, the number of cases in the Indian subcontinent has been doubling and the incidence as per the population-based cancer registries (PBCR) has increased at an alarming rate. In assessing the trends of PCa, there needs a statistical framework on incidence, comparing PBCRs vis-a-vis with hospital-based cancer registries not only to that of cohorts from India but also to that of West and other consortia. Our erstwhile pilot study on inferring whole-exome sequencing variants has yielded distinct polymorphisms in the Indian phenotype of PCa. There are impending challenges and gray areas that we discuss in this review in lieu of PCa pathogenesis and therapeutics.
A difference of Fear of Crime in Digital Sexual Crime according to Media Reports Frame: A Mediation Effect of Perception of Crime
Authors:   The Korean Association of Criminal Psychology, Ji Seo I , Lee Jungwon
Published: October 2023

This study tried to see if there are differences in the perception of digital sexual crime according to gender and media frame, and whether there was a difference in the fear of digital sexual crime accordingly. In this study, a survey was conducted on adults aged 20 or older, and a total of 160 (57 men and 103 women) participants were included in the final analysis. This study used a 2 (gender: male, female) x 2 (media frame: episodic, thematic) between-subjects design, and the participants were randomly assigned to one of the two conditions. They read a image reporting on digital sexual crime, and answered a set of questions. As a result of the study, there was no significant difference in the perception of digital sexual crime and fear of crime according to the media frame. The interaction effect of gender and media frame on perception and fear of digital sexual crime was also not significant. However, the effect of gender was found to be significant, and the evaluation of the perceived crime rate and the possibility of crime damage was found to mediate this. Finally, I discussed about the significance and limitations of this study.
A study on the classification of probation subjects using artificial intelligence(AI): Focusing on the Adult Recidivism Risk Assessment Tool(KPRAI-R)
Authors:   The Korean Association of Criminal Psychology, Hahm Hye Hyun , Lee Jang wook
Published: October 2023

TAs a research method, a literature study was conducted focusing on the 'Recidivism Risk Assessment Tool for Adults Subject to Probation' (KPRAI-R), which is used by the Crime Prevention Policy Bureau of the Ministry of Justice. In particular, the classification of probation subjects was divided into 'initial classification' and 'reclassification', and the limitations of each were derived, and the necessity of using artificial intelligence was divided into initial classification and reclassification and considered. Through this, it was proposed to improve the initial classification and reclassification through the establishment of an 'artificial intelligence (AI)-based automatic classification system'.
As for the specific improvement measures, first, in relation to the initial classification, ① a more sophisticated AI-based classification system was derived by combining the information analyzed during the initial classification with the evaluation method of the recidivism risk assessment tool (KPRAI-R), ② the career and A plan to use artificial intelligence to minimize the deviation according to inclination and expertise was presented. Second, in relation to reclassification, ① prepare an artificial intelligence-based automatic reclassification system based on post-mortem information analysis after the start of probation, ② prepare an alarm system to automatically recognize the risk of recidivism and prevent recidivism by analyzing additional information collected during probation presented.
The relationship between Cyber Gambling Initiation and Problem Gambling among Adolescents under Probation
Authors:   The Korean Association of Criminal Psychology, Boo Minseo , Cho Younoh
Published: October 2023

The purpose of this study is to empirically verify the relationship between various factors of cyber gambling initiation and problem gambling in adolescents under probation. Recently, domestic studies on the relationship between gambling initiation and problem gambling among adolescents are active, but these studies did not specifically verify which route of initiation causes problem gambling, and the subject of these studies does not include whom under probation. This study conducted a survey on 113 adolescents under probation to find out which factors of cyber gambling initiation leading adolescents to problem gambling. As a result, adolescent under probation were more likely to start gambling after running away from home or for earning pocket money. The significance and limitations of this study were discussed in detail in the conclusion.
Non-idealities in CO2 electroreduction mechanisms revealed by automation-assisted kinetic analysis
Authors: Zeng Joy , Padia Vineet , Maalouf Joseph , Limaye Aditya , Liu Alexander , Yusov Michael , Hunter Ian , Manthiram Karthish
Published: October 2023

In electrocatalysis, mechanistic analysis of reaction rate data often relies on linearization of relatively simple rate equations; this is the basis for typical Tafel and reactant order dependence analyses. However, for more complex reaction phenomena, such as surface coverage effects or mixed control, these common linearization strategies will yield incomplete or uninterpretable results. Cohesive kinetic analysis, which is often used in thermocatalysis and involves quantitative model fitting for data collected over a wide range of reaction conditions, requires more data but also provides a more robust strategy for interrogating reaction mechanisms. In this work, we report a robotic system that improves the experimental workflow for collecting electrochemical rate data by automating sequential testing of up to ten electrochemical cells that can each have a different electrode, electrolyte, gas-phase reactant composition, and applied voltage. We use this system to investigate the mechanism of carbon dioxide electroreduction to carbon monoxide at several immobilized metal tetrapyrroles. Specifically, at cobalt phthalocyanine (CoPc), cobalt tetraphenylporphyrin (CoTPP), and iron phthalocyanine (FePc), we see signatures of complex reaction mechanisms, where observed bicarbonate and CO2 order dependences change with applied potential. We illustrate how phenomena such as electrolyte poisoning and potential-dependent degrees of rate control can explain the observed kinetic behaviors. Our mechanistic analysis suggests that CoPc and CoTPP share a similar reaction mechanism, akin to one that has been previously proposed, whereas the mechanism for FePc likely involves a species later in the catalytic cycle as the most abundant reactive intermediate. Our study illustrates that complex reaction mechanisms which are not amenable to common Tafel and order dependence analyses may be quite prevalent across this class of immobilized metal tetrapyrrole electrocatalysts.
[2.2]Paracyclophane-based coumarins: effective organophotocatalysts for light-induced desulfonylation processes
Authors: Brom Jules , Maruani Antoine , Turcaud Serge , Lajnef Sonia , Peyrot Fabienne , Micouin Laurent , Benedetti Erica
Published: October 2023

Herein, we demonstrate for the first time that coumarins derived from [2.2]paracyclophane (pCp) can act as effective organophotocatalysts and promote the reductive cleavage of sulfonamides under light-irradiation. In the presence of these original compounds, photodesulfonylation reactions occur under mild conditions at low catalyst loadings in the presence of Hantzsch ester. Theoretical and experimental investigations are described, which elucidate the reaction mechanism and the nature of the active species involved in the photocatalytic process. This proof-of-concept study paves the way for further application of pCps in the field of photocatalysis.
Cobalt Catalyzed Enantioselective Reductive Coupling of Imines and Internal Alkynes
Authors: Maji Kakoli , Palai Angshuman , Maji Biplab
Published: October 2023

Chiral allylic amines hold significant importance as structural components in natural products, pharmaceuticals, and chiral catalysts. In this study, we have delved into cobalt-catalyzed enantioselective reductive coupling of imines with internal alkynes. The key to our success lies in developing a cobalt bisphosphine conglomerate catalyst and utilizing zinc as the electron donor. Our investigations have indicated that an in-situ cobalt(I) catalyst orchestrates the oxidative cyclization of alkynes and imines. Zinc plays a pivotal role in facilitating the transmetallation of the resulting azacobaltacycle. Subsequently, the organozinc intermediate is captured by a proton. Remarkably, the reaction proceeds under mild conditions and accommodates a wide range of substrates. Both symmetric and asymmetric alkyl and aryl alkynes have been successfully coupled with various imines. We have isolated tri- and tetrasubstituted allyl amines in exceptional yields exceeding 89%, with enantiomeric excess surpassing >99% and regioselectivities exceeding >20:1. These chiral allylic amines can serve as versatile platform molecules for subsequent transformations while preserving their stereochemical integrity to a high degree.
Double winding vine-shaped biphenyl with molecular asymmetry. Synthesis, structure, and properties
Authors: Mori Atsunori , Maruka Aruto , Tabuchi Kohei , Okano Kentaro , Horie Masaki
Published: October 2023

A biphenyl derivative in which two benzene rings are strapped with two chains is prepared. The synthesized product shows molecular asymmetry, which was confirmed by HPLC analysis with chiral column and named as winding vine-shaped biphenyl. The synthesis of such vine shaped molecule was performed by ring-closing metathesis or alternatively by annulation with nosylated ethylenediamine. The structure of the obtained product was confirmed by X-ray crystallographic analysis. The absolute configuration of the molecular asymmetry was assigned after leading to the corresponding camphor sulfonamide through denosylation and re-amidation process.
Syedra Büyük Hamam Kompleksindeki Herakles’in On İki İşinin Betimlendiği Mozaik Üzerine İlk Değerlendirme
Authors: ERGÜRER Hatice
Published: October 2023

Dağlık Kilikya Bölgesi’nin en görkemli kentleri arasında yer alan Syedra Antik Kenti, Alanya İlçesi, Seki Köyü sınırları içerisindedir. İsmini Sedre Çayı’ndan aldığı düşünülen kent, oldukça yüksek bir tepe üzerine konumlandırılmıştır. Kentte 2019 yılında başlatılan ilk sistemli kazılar, sütunlu caddenin hemen güneyinde bulunan Büyük Hamam kompleksinin frigidaryum bölümünde gerçekleştirilmiştir. Bu alanda yürütülen çalışmalar sırasında opus tessellatum tekniğinde yapılmış, 7.9 m genişliğe ve 21.91 m uzunluğa sahip, eşine nadir rastlanabilecek bir taban mozaiği ile karşılaşılmıştır. Siyah zemin üzerine çok renkli tesseraların kullanılmasıyla oluşturulmuş geometrik desenli bir bordürle çevrelenen taban mozaiğinde, Herakles’in on iki işinin betimlendiği görülmüştür. Kilikya ve diğer çevre bölgelerde bir benzerine henüz rastlanmayan söz konusu mozaiğe yönelik bu çalışma, ilk değerlendirmeleri içermektedir. Mozaiğin üslup özelliklerini belirleyen geometrik ve figüratif bezemeler ışığında yakın bölgedeki benzer örneklerle karşılaştırılarak yapım tarihinin tespiti ve çevre kentlerdeki diğer atölyelerle etkileşimin var olup olmadığının belirlenmesi amaçlamaktadır. Bu doğrulta yapılan incelemeler Syedra’daki Herakles mozaiğinin üslup özellikleri açısından özellikle Zeugma ve Antioch/Antakya mozaikleri ile benzerlik taşıdığını ve İS 3. yüzyıl başlarına tarihlendirilmesinin yerinde olabileceğini düşündürtmektedir.
RSM Analysis for Optimum Content of Graphene Nanoplatelets for 3D-Printed Clay Strength
Authors: Mohsen Mohamed , Al-Diseet Malak , Abu Rumman Mervat , Taha Ramzi , Naji Khalid
Published: October 2023

This study applies Response Surface Methodologies (RSM) methods to maximize 3D-Printed clay mechanical properties. Mixes containing different Graphene Nanoplatelets (GNPs) contents were printed and tested in compression and flexure. The Central Composite Design method was used by coding the mixes fabrication method, i.e. moulding and printing, and GNPs content as variables. The analysis showed that the mixes containing low GNPs content of 0.1 wt.% attained higher compressive and flexural strengths than those containing a higher content of 0.2 and 0.3 wt.%. The results also highlighted that GNPs' efficiency was better observed in the printed samples other than the moulded ones, indicating that the printing process contributed to a better and uniform dispersion of GNPs in the clay matrix. RSM analysis confirmed that the maximum flexural strength response could be obtained using a GNPs content of 0.1 wt.%. Furthermore, the desirability analysis showed that a maximum predicted flexural and compressive strength improvements of 21% and 36 % compared to the control mixes could be obtained, respectively. In summary, this study proposed the importance of using Nanofilaments in 3D printing activities to achieve the desired elements' mechanical properties.
A Review on the Performance of Bored Pile Foundations through Instrumented Pile Load Tests in Qatar
Authors: Humza Muhammad , Ali Mannan , Naeem Majid
Published: October 2023

The level of infrastructure development Qatar has accomplished over the past 10 years has not been reached by any other country and this pace is expected to continue to achieve Qatar's 2030 Vision. High-rise buildings and bridges are mostly constructed on pile foundations which play an important role in overall cost of the project, but there is limited published literature available on the performance of pile foundations in Qatar. In this article, the performance of fully instrumented pile foundations embedded in rock formations of Qatar is reviewed, and discussion on observed behaviour is presented. This paper also uncovers the conservatism in pile design adopted by the piling industry. A total of more than 65 pile load test results were compiled to perform this study. Good practices are suggested that can be considered by the authorities and consultants in specifying a preliminary pile load test in order to reap its full potential. In projects, where the unit skin friction was validated through performance of pile load tests and later on pile design was optimized, 11% to 50% savings in piling cost was achieved contributing to sustainable projects.