bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The subsistence of hunter-gatherers from the perspective of scientific and technological archaeology
Authors: Cao Junxiang
Published: December 2024

Hunter-gatherers are the earliest and longest-lasting survival mode in human history, and studying hunter-gatherers is of great significance to understanding human cultural behavior and its evolution. Based on the current academic research, this paper reviews and explores the dietary sources and environmental adaptability of hunter-gatherers from the perspective of scientific and technological archaeology, and emphasizes the importance of organic residue analysis technology of archaeological pottery, palaeoprotemics techniques (taking MALDI-TOF's peptide mass fingerprinting technology as an example), palyological analysis and stable isotope technology in this field in order to deepen our understanding of early human adaptation strategies, social dynamics, and cultural evolution.
Research on the "Last Mile" End Delivery of Personal Consumer Goods Logistics
Authors: Cao Huiyun
Published: December 2024

The end of pipe logistics of personal consumer goods has become a key link in the development of e-commerce. Due to the constantly accelerating pace of life and the pressure of demand for essential items and medical supplies in the community, people's demand for end of pipe delivery of express delivery and takeout has shown an explosive growth. The quality of last mile delivery services still needs to be further improved. This article starts from the reality of the "last mile" delivery of personal consumer goods logistics, introduces the characteristics of different delivery modes, analyzes the factors that affect the quality of personal consumer goods logistics services, deeply studies the difficulties faced by the "last mile" delivery system, and finally puts forward corresponding suggestions for the future development of personal consumer goods logistics delivery.
The historical change and evolutionary logic of the policy of increasing farmers' income since the reform and opening-up：Based on Historical Institutionalist Analysis
Authors: Li Xinyi
Published: December 2024

Increasing farmers' income is the core task of "Agriculture, rural areas and farmers ". From the perspective of historical institutionalism, this paper divides the process of policy change of increasing farmers' income into four periods: preliminary exploration, transition, overall development and rural revitalization. Under the historical logic, the change and development of farmers' income-increasing policy is influenced by learning and self-adaptation mechanism, withdrawal cost and synergy, and shows a gradual development Important conferences and events become the key nodes to promote the sudden development of policy. In structural logic, the political economy and social environment are the basic motive force of the policy change, the influence and shaping of the policy environment are the internal motive force of the policy coordination change, and the interaction game between the key actors is the direct motive force of the policy interaction change. Based on the overall evolution logic of policy changes, the policy of increasing farmers' income in our country should follow the optimized thinking of "Maintaining stability, dilapidation and innovation ", and promote the continuous development and deepening of the work of increasing farmers' income.
Research on the Development of Immersive Experience Tourism in Chinese Ancient Towns under Digital Technology
Authors: Yang Kaili
Published: December 2024

Immersive experience is a new model and business form formed by "culture + technology". With the scientific and technological innovation and the research and development of various cutting-edge technologies, the multi sensory and controllable experience system created by new technology is gradually active in front of people. Through the development of cultural content, immersive experience uses scientific and technological means such as AR, VR and MR to create a dream space with the combination of virtual and real, forming an experiential environment, which has become a new driving force of contemporary cultural and creative industries. Nowadays, immersive experience covers almost all industries, and tourism itself, as an experience consumption, is bound to be combined with immersive experience. Immersive experiential tourism forms new tourism products with diverse forms and creative contents through the deep combination of culture and science and technology, so that tourists can obtain a strong sense of experience and substitution in tourism, so as to meet people's increasingly personalized and autonomous consumption characteristics. In recent years, the problem of homogenization and commercialization of ancient towns in China has become more and more prominent. The decline of characteristic culture of ancient towns and the lack of authenticity of historical buildings continue to appear. In today's era of scientific and technological development, many ancient towns still continue their "old ways" in tourism, engage in business and sell tourism products that are no different from other ancient towns, resulting in difficulties in the development of ancient towns and fatigue of ancient town tourism. Taking Zhenyuan ancient town as an example, focusing on the new development path and cultural protection and inheritance of the ancient town, this paper discusses the new trend and direction of using immersive experience in the development of the ancient town in the future, so as to promote the collision between the traditional environment retained in the ancient town and modern civilization. The purpose is to explore the development problems of existing ancient towns, use new technology to play the role of the cultivation platform of new business forms of immersive experience, enrich the content of immersive experience in ancient towns, and innovate the culture and tourism consumption scenes of ancient towns.
Discussion on the Legal Construction of Non-Governmental Organizations
Authors: Zhao Zhikun
Published: December 2024

The 20th National Congress of the Communist Party of China proposed the important goal of "comprehensively promoting the legalization of various aspects of national work". This article mainly adopts case analysis and literature research methods to explore the necessity, current situation, and existing problems of the rule of law construction of non-governmental organizations in China, and proposes corresponding solutions. Through analysis, it was found that the imperfect regulatory system, lack of legal protection, and lack of legislation for non-governmental organizations in China have hindered their healthy development. Therefore, this article proposes strategic suggestions in three aspects: promoting legislative improvement, promoting judicial protection, and strengthening administrative supervision, including improving national legislation, establishing a system for filing and reviewing non-governmental organizations in China, and abolishing the dual management system. Strengthening the rule of law construction of non-governmental organizations is beneficial for safeguarding citizens' rights, safeguarding public interests, and promoting harmonious social development.
The effect of China 's environmental regulation evolution on economic growth and the role of industrial structure upgrading and transformation
Authors: Xiong Ge
Published: December 2024

From the perspective of industrial economics, this paper discusses the development process of China 's environmental regulation and the evolution direction of environmental regulation system by referring to the environmental regulation policies and regulations under the background of China 's structural reform. It summarizes the relevant theories of environmental regulation economics and its application in China ; through the study of policies, the effect of China 's environmental regulation on economic growth is discussed in depth. It is divided into three levels to deeply summarize the role of environmental regulation in the upgrading and transformation of China 's industrial organization structure ; this paper reviews the relevant literature on the theoretical and empirical research of environmental regulation by scholars at home and abroad in recent years, reviews it from the perspective of China 's environmental regulation practice, and puts forward the feasible direction of theoretical and policy research. This paper holds that the correct environmental economic regulation policy is very important to realize the sustainable development of economy, and the future social development should pay close attention to the research of environmental regulation.
Risk Factors Behind Malaria Prevalence in Pregnant Women: Insights from Sabon-Gari, Zaria, Nigeria .
Authors: Danlami Elisha Akafyi  , Akafa Tensaba Andes , Amaya John Habila  , Folashade Serah Ojeleye  , Roseline Peter  , Christiana Ochanya Agbo
Published: December 2024

Malaria remains a pervasive threat to pregnant women, significantly impacting maternal and fetal health. This study explores the socio-demographic and clinical factors associated with the prevalence of Plasmodium falciparum malaria among pregnant women in Sabon-Gari, Zaria, Kaduna State, Nigeria. We collected 200 blood samples from women attending antenatal care clinics using a purposive sampling approach, analyzing these samples through microscopic blood film examination. A structured questionnaire facilitated the collection of crucial socio-demographic and anthropometric data, which was evaluated with Epi Info software.
The results indicated a notable malaria prevalence of 31.0% (95% CI: 0.60–1.99). The analysis highlighted several key risk factors: increasing maternal age (Adjusted Odds Ratio (AOR) 95% CI: 1.25 - 4.37), low levels of education (AOR 95% CI: 3.48 – 16.51), multiple pregnancies (AOR 95% CI: 1.28–4.79), residence in rural areas (AOR 95% CI: 1.28–4.48), and being in the first trimester of pregnancy (AOR 95% CI: 1.96–9.09). P. falciparum was the only malaria species detected, emphasizing the critical need for informed public health strategies tailored to address these vulnerabilities.
This research underscores the urgent requirement for targeted interventions to reduce malaria infection rates among pregnant women, particularly in high-risk groups identified by our findings in Sabon-Gari, Zaria.
The Impact of Robotics on Elderly Care: A Focus on Assistive Technologies and Patient Mobility
Authors:   Senior Systems Engineer – Systems Engineering, Design and Development Robotics, Pasupuleti Shashank
Published: December 2024

With an aging global population, the need for innovative solutions in elderly care is more critical than ever. Robotics
offers significant potential to improve mobility, enhance independence, and reduce the physical burden on caregivers.
This paper explores the design, development, challenges, and impact of robotic technologies for elderly care, with a
specific focus on assistive devices aimed at improving patient mobility. Key examples of exoskeletons, robotic canes,
and mobility aids are discussed, alongside their market adoption, evolution, and impact. Through a deeper
understanding of the formulation, design, and challenges, this paper highlights the current state of robotic systems in
elderly care and outlines a future trajectory for their widespread implementation.

Keywords
Elderly care, assistive robotics, patient mobility, exoskeletons, robotic cane, caregiving support, human-robot
interaction, aging population, rehabilitation robotics, smart mobility, fall prevention, caregiver assistance, healthcare
robotics, AI in robotics, rehabilitation exoskeletons, autonomous robots, robotics for aging, aging-in-place
technology, wearable robotics, aging population, robotic exoskeletons.
Impact of AI on social media and its implication mental health
Authors: Srivastava Ankit
Published: December 2024

Social media is becoming more integrated with artificial intelligence which enables different functions and tools
which can have an impact on users’ mental health. In this article, I discuss how the intersection of AI, social media
and mental health has both opportunities and downsides. Social media sites have been reshaped by Artificial
Intelligence (AI) to alter the way that users share, and discover. Yet its role in mental health has been much
disputed. In this paper, we describe how AI algorithms shape the experience on social media, what the psychological
implications of these experiences are, and what we can do to mitigate negative mental health outcomes.
Keyword – AI/ML, Mental Health, Social media
Fraud Detection in Internet Banking Using Machine Learning
Authors: Shrishanth Malepu , Reddy L Nitish , Reddy K Harshavardhan , Mahesh G , Pratima Mrs P Venkata
Published: December 2024

Banking fraud transactions refer to
unauthorized or deceptive activities involving bank

accounts or financial transactions. Various machine-
learning algorithms can be employed to detect such

fraudulent activities. This study examines several
algorithms suitable for classifying transactions as either
fraudulent or legitimate. The research utilizes the Banking
Fraud Transactions dataset, often characterized by high
imbalance. To address this issue, we are implementing
multiple machine learning algorithms like Random
Forest, K-Nearest Neighbour, and Decision Tree.
Additionally, feature selection techniques are employed,
and the dataset is divided into training and test sets. The
algorithms evaluated in the study include Random Forest
and KNN. The findings indicate that each algorithm
demonstrates high accuracy in detecting banking fraud
transactions. The proposed model holds promise for
detecting other irregularities within financial
transactions.
Key Words: Banking Fraud Transactions, Machine
Learning Algorithms, Imbalanced Dataset
SAFAR - Your Personalized Travel Guide
Authors:   Department of Computer Engineering, Bachelor of Engineering, Vidya Vikas Education Trust’s  Universal College of Engineering, Shinde Mr. Swarnil , Sankhe Mr. Atharva , Shivalkar Mr. Siddhesh , Trivedi Mr. Yash , Mankar Mrs. Dipika
Published: December 2024

"Safar" emerges as a groundbreaking web application poised to redefine the landscape of travel planning and booking
services, particularly tailored for tourists exploring the vast and diverse terrain of India. This project represents a
pivotal shift towards a holistic approach to travel management, offering an extensive array of functionalities and
features aimed at facilitating seamless and hassle-free travel experiences. Through Safar, users gain access to a
comprehensive suite of services encompassing hotel reservations, restaurant bookings, flight arrangements,
transportation logistics, guided tours, and customizable itineraries, all consolidated within a user-friendly and
intuitive platform. With an unwavering commitment to user satisfaction and convenience, Safar empowers travellers
to embark on their journeys with confidence and ease, enabling them to explore various destinations, filter search
results based on specific preferences and requirements, and tailor their travel plans to align with their unique interests
and budgets. This report provides an in-depth exploration of the Safar project, offering insights into its underlying
framework, system architecture, data models, and design details. Furthermore, it delves into the project's
methodology, objectives, and anticipated outcomes, highlighting the transformative potential of Safar in enhancing
the overall travel experience for tourists across India.

Keywords — Safar, web application, travel planning, destination exploration, customizable
itineraries, integrated services.
Effectiveness of Bundles of Nursing Care on Level of Neuropathy Pain among Diabetic Patients
Authors: D Dhanushiya , J Prof Dr.Leena , Ramamoorthy Dr V
Published: December 2024

Diabetic neuropathy most often
damage nerves in patients with diabetes. High blood
sugar (glucose) can injure nerves throughout the body.
Methods: Quasi Experimental, Non-randomized Control
Group design was adopted. Thirty study participants were
recruited using non-probability purposive sampling
technique. The level of neuropathy pain was assessed
using Modified Galer Neuropathy Pain and Semmes -
Weinstein Monofilament (10gm) testing. The Bundles of
Nursing Care were implemented which included Contrast
bath, Isometric exercises and Education on Foot Care
Management to the interventional group of diabetic
patients. Results and Discussion: The calculated ‘t’
values were 31.5 and 14.2 greater than the given table
value at the level and p<0.001 among interventional
group on level of neuropathy pain using Modified GNPS
and Monofilament respectively. There was a significant
association
between the age group of study participants with pretest
scores among diabetic patients in interventional group.
Conclusion: Bundles of Nursing Care was effective for
diabetic patients with neuropathy pain.

Key words: Bundles of Nursing Care, Level of
Neuropathy Pain, Contrast bath,
A Review on Recognition of Indian Currency Note Using Cross Co-Relation Technique
Authors:   Gyan Ganga Institute of Technology & Sciences, Kushwaha Nidhi , Verma Dr. Ashok , Patel Dr. Sharda
Published: December 2024

In recent years it has become a very essential
to develop an automatic methods for paper currency
recognition as its more likely to be used in most of the
areas such as vending machines, shopping centers,
educational sectors, banking systems in case of huge
transactions and so on. As the technology is growing
fastly it has become more easy to use such systems. Now
a days using automated machines any one can easily get
to know whether the currency is a genuine or counterfeit
and also the denomination of that currency. The
technology has also provided a better way of life for
peoples. There is a need to design a system that is helpful
in recognition of paper currency notes with fast speed
and in less time. This approach basically provides an
easy method for recognizing the denomination of an
Indian currency note .This proposed approach works on
all the notes such as Rs.10, Rs,20, Rs.50, Rs.100,
Rs.500, Rs.1000.Indian currency features such as
extracting geometric shape ,denomination object are
extracted from a 4*4 grid of Indian currency image.
Feature extraction plays an important role in successfully
achieving value/ denomination of an Indian note. The
approach consists of a number of components including
image acquisition, converting RBG to HSV image,
image pre-processing, Feature extraction, images are
compared. The Artificial neural network is used to
identify value denomination of an Indian currency note.
Keywords—Feature extraction, Indian Currency
recognition, color features, neural network.
Automated Helmet Detection System Using RT-DETR for Real-Time Monitoring of Motorcyclist Safety
Authors: Mutyala Pavan , Gali Chandrika , Chivakula Jaidev , Duggirala Venkatesh , Padmaja Dr. P
Published: December 2024

Abstract—The rising number of road accidents, especially
those involving motorcyclists, underscores the urgent
need for effective safety compliance solutions. This
research proposes a real-time helmet detection alarm
system powered by Detection Transformers (DETR) to
enhance detection accuracy and opera- tional efficiency.
The system is designed to identify motorcyclists who are
not wearing helmets in real time and generate alerts to
promote safety. DETR, an advanced deep learning model,
utilizes the self-attention mechanism to capture complex
and contextual relationships in image sequences, enabling
precise helmet detection even under challenging
conditions such as poor lighting or varied environmental
factors [7]. The archi- tecture of the proposed system
combines video feed analysis with DETR’s end-to-end
object detection capabilities, ensuring minimal processing
delay. Testing results reveal the system’s high
performance, with impressive precision and recall rates in
various scenarios, including urban roads and highways
[8]. This solution can be customized to send alerts to
relevant authorities or directly notify the rider via
integrated signaling systems, thus potentially reducing
violations and enhancing motorcyclist safety on the roads.
Index Terms—Helmet detection, RT-DETR, Road safety,
Ob- ject detection, Motorcycle helmet compliance, Video
feed analysis
Evaluation of Web Design: Historical Development, Current Practices, and Future Directions
Authors:   B.sc., Computer Science, Avs College of arts and science salem – 636106., Hameed Sahul
Published: December 2024

The internet architecture has been grossly

changed since the early 1990s with the fast pace of web-
enabling devices. The dissertation reflects on how the web

design evolution picked its pace from highly text-oriented
configurations typical of the early, emergent web to today's
responsive and user-centered designs. Most significant

changes occurred since responsive frameworks and mobile-
first design principles, which make a site accessible on most

different devices from desktop computers to wearable
technologies. This will mean that with advancing technology,
web design can include AI and AR into its designs as well.
Possible future trends will conclude the paper making their
integration with modern functionalities to create more
immersed experiences for the user and constantly explain the
need to scale in web designing.
Key Words: Human-Computer Interaction (HCI), Web
Usability, Responsive Web Design, User Experience (UX),
Accessibility Standards, Front-End Development, AI in Web
Design.
A Case Report on Ohvira Syndrome
Authors: B Dr.Sreerenjini , Kanimozhi Ms
Published: December 2024

A 24 years old nullipara women was admitted in gynaecological ward with a history of whitish vaginal discharge
for 6 months. On assessment her BP was 120/70 mm hg ,and she was conscious and oriented. Then she undergone
investigations like USG and confirmed OHIVRA SYNDROME. The findings are complete septate uterus,
OHVIRA syndrome, posterior vaginal wall cyst, endometrial left ovarian cyst, and bilateral hydrosalphous
hematocolpos left side. and Hb is 12.9 g/dl, on 4-6-2024. she already undergone a anal transposition (10th day of
birth and having history of spina bifida occulta with mid scolosis) and in 2023 under gone laproscopic left ovarian
cystectomy and appendectomy. At present she undergone septal resection under general anesthesia on 6//2024.
A Comparative Evaluation of Different Chatbots
Authors: MCA Student Khushi
Published: December 2024

In the previous paper we had discussed about the uses and working of various chatbots, that chatbots are very
important thing for today’s generation. Every website must include a chatbot in it. Chatbot can save our time, we
do not have to experience the full website for a particular topic and many other things. With this we are also
discussed about the various languages in which chatbots are developed and designed. But in this paper, we are
going to discuss about the various types of chatbots. Because all websites are not same similarly the working and
the motive of all the chatbots are not same they may have different working techniques and can be developed
and designed for a particular work. In today’s world we have various types pf chatbots that work for different
things and on different techniques. For example: The chatbots of a particular school, college and university are
designed to answer the question related to their organization and about the courses of their organization.
Keywords: - Chatbots, Keyword-based Chatbots, Menu-based Chatbots, Voice Bots and AI.
Examination Timetable Generation
Authors:   Presidency University, Bengaluru, K Marimuthu , Upendra Reddy Moram Ranga , D Dilip , S Sathwik B
Published: December 2024

The creation of academic timetables is a
complex and time-consuming task for educational
institutions, requiring adherence to various constraints
such as university regulations, faculty workloads, and
resource availability. Traditional manual methods are
often inefficient and error-prone, making it essential to
develop automated solutions. This paper proposes an
intelligent timetable generation system that leverages
advanced optimization algorithms, including
Evolutionary Algorithms, Tabu Search, Simulated
Annealing, and Scatter Search, to address the challenges
associated with manual scheduling.
The system takes inputs such as semester-wise subjects,
faculty availability, and workload constraints to
dynamically generate conflict-free and resource-efficient
timetables. Designed to accommodate multiple courses
and semesters, the proposed system ensures scalability,
flexibility, and compliance with institutional policies.
By integrating automation with customizable features,
the system reduces administrative effort, enhances
accuracy, and optimally utilizes available resources.
This paper presents the design, implementation, and
evaluation of the system, highlighting its ability to adapt
to dynamic requirements and provide a robust solution
for academic scheduling.
Key Words: Time tabling, Scheduling, Dynamic
Scheduling, Conflict-Free Scheduling, Academic
Timetabling, Timetable Generator.
Building and Managing a Knowledge-Based Society in India
Authors: Shareef Mohammad
Published: December 2024

One of the most important factors of human capital formation is higher education. When studied in the Indian
context it is found that states with more colleges and professional institutes showed greater increase in per capita
net state domestic product than states with fewer such colleges and institutes. This reinstates the new endogenous
growth theory in the context of states implying that states with more emphasis on higher and professional
education will have higher growth. Also poverty prone states can prosper if they give proper emphasis on higher
and technical institutions. Given the financial implication we may not be able to rejuvenate the entire educational
system but if we need to maintain and sustain our knowledge boom we should go for small changes like common
entrance tests, common syllabus and common examinations.
Revitalizing Architectural Heritage: A Study of Rajwada Palace and its Context
Authors:   Student, School of Architecture, IPS Academy, Indore, India, Patel Pushpendra
Published: December 2024

Taking into consideration history, deterioration, urban interventions, preservation, and potential future strategies, the research paper examines Rajwada Palace in Indore within the broader framework of architectural heritage conservation. It draws parallels with globally successful practices in heritage revival, offering insights that can be adapted to the Indian context. The study ultimately offers actionable recommendations that can be adapted for similar historic precincts across India, bridging the gap between conservation and urban development.

Keywords: Architectural Conservation, Rajwada palace, Urban Development, Cultural Heritage, Preservation, Architectural Originality
The Impact of Customer Perception and Religiosity on Satisfaction with Car Ijārah Financing in Pakistan: The Mediating Effect of Clarity and Accuracy
Authors: Bajwa Farooq Ahmad , Bajwa Ishtiaq Ahmad , Ahmad Shabir , Mahmood Faiq , Javed Muhammad Usman
Published: December 2024

Purpose — This research aims to assess the impact of customer perception and religiosity on satisfaction with the car ijārah financing product which is offered in the Islamic banking market in Pakistan. The study also highlights the importance of clarity and accuracy that boost customer confidence in the car ijārah purchasing process.
Design/Methodology/Approach — The study applied the Partial Least Squares-Structural Equation Modelling (PLS-SEM) technique to explore the complex relationship among the latent variables and their constructs. The primary data were collected from existing Islamic banking car ijārah customers who have already availed of the product from Islamic banks in Pakistan. A total of 268 respondents were finalised after scrutiny.
Findings — The findings endorsed the proposed hypothesis of the study and demonstrated a strong and positive correlation between customer perception, religiosity, and customer satisfaction. Similarly, clarity and accuracy also act as a mediating variable (partially mediate the variables), and have a substantial effect on customer satisfaction.
Originality/Value — This study extends the existing literature by incorporating religiosity into the customer satisfaction model for car ijārah financing. It provides a unique theoretical perspective, highlighting how religious beliefs impact customer behaviour and perceptions regarding Islamic financial products such as car ijārah. The study therefore fills a gap in the literature by addressing how religious values affect customer perception of Islamic financial products, offering insights that could help Islamic banks tailor their services to better align with religious beliefs.
Research Limitations — The study is limited by its focus on existing customers from the Islamic banking sector in Pakistan that availed of car ijārah financing. Additionally, future research could explore other regions to enhance the generalizability of the results.
Theoretical Implications — The study underscores customer perception and religiosity as crucial factors that influence customer satisfaction. Similarly, by improving clarity and accuracy about car ijārah products, Islamic banks can enhance customer satisfaction and increase market share.  
Practical Implications — The study provides valuable insights to Islamic banking practitioners to enhance and reinforce the car ijārah product structure in Pakistan by taking into account the need to address religious customers’ preferences. Islamic banks also need to focus on the clarity and accuracy aspects of Islamic financial products in their marketing and awareness campaigns to attract more religious customers.
Navigating Credit Risk in Islamic banks: A Multidimensional Analysis of Non-Performing Loans
Authors: Othman Jaizah , Gabbori Dina
Published: December 2024

Purpose ‒ This study examines the determinants of non-performing loans (NPLs) in Islamic banks. The research aims to identify bank-specific and macroeconomic factors that influence NPLs and explores the effects of the institutional environment, product development, and credit concentration on credit risk.
Design/Methodology/Approach ‒  The study employs panel data analysis, utilising secondary data from 2008- 2022 from the World Bank, Refinitiv Eikon, FitchConnect and the AAOIFI website. Multiple regression models are used to isolate the impact of specific variables on NPLs in Islamic banks.
Findings ‒ The results indicate that return on assets (ROA), liquidity ratio (LIQ), net interest margin (NIM), and net charge-off ratio (NCOFF) are significant bank-specific determinants of NPLs. Higher ROA and LIQ reduce credit risk, while higher NIM and NCOFF increase it. Macroeconomic factors like GDP growth and inflation significantly affect NPLs, with economic downturns and high inflation intensifying credit risk. Political stability mitigates risk, while credit concentration in sectors such as real estate increases NPLs. A positive relationship between AAOIFI membership and NPL suggests compliance challenges.
Originality/Value ‒ This study comprehensively analyses NPL determinants in Islamic banks across 30 countries, emphasising the role of institutional stability and prudent product development in credit risk management.
Research Limitations/Implications ‒ The unavailability of NPL data from earlier years results in an unbalanced sample. Future research should explore the impact of Fintech and ESG (environmental, social, and governance) factors on credit risk management in Islamic banks.
Practical Implications ‒ The findings offer valuable insights for policymakers and banking practitioners aiming to enhance credit risk management in Islamic banking. Integrating fintech and ESG principles can improve risk profiles and foster sustainable banking practices.
Microscopic detection and characterization of microplastics along Rivermouths in Borongan city, Eastern Samar, Philippines
Authors: Nibalvos Aljon Victor G. , Nibalvos Cristina T. , Acorin Lylah Daisy A.
Published: December 2024

The purpose of this study was to ascertain whether microplastics were present in the waters near rivermouths in the Eastern Samar, Philippines, area around Borongan City. Two filtration system meshes were used to filter 20 to 30 liters of sample per area: a 30 micron nylon mesh to separate the microplastics from the filtrate and a filter sieve to remove suspended particles. A 40x magnification stereomicroscope was used to view the residue. The water samples include microplastics, according to the results. Furthermore, the majority of the microplastics that were seen were primary microplastics, which are filamentous in size and shape and primarily microfibers. Subsequent investigation showed that blue and transparent/white were the most prevalent colors. There were 104 microplastics in all, or an average of 0.74 microplastics per liter of water sample. This study suggests the use of microplastics as indicator of aquatic environmental contamination or pollution, as well as degradation.
Monte Carlo Simulations of the Spin-3/2 Ashkin-Teller Model in the Presence of Two Competing Dynamics
Authors: Valérie Hontinfinde Senan Ida , Gbede Mahouto Fini , Kple Juel , Kpadonou Victor Arséne , Hontinfinde Félix
Published: December 2024

This paper studies, by means of Monte Carlo simulations, an open ferromagnetic spin-3/2 Ashkin-Teller model defined
on a square lattice. This model can be viewed as the superposition of two Ising models which are coupled by a four-spin
interaction strength K4while in each Ising model, the nearest-neighbor interaction constant is K2. The model is here
submitted to two stochastic dynamics that consist of two processes; the first one is the Glauber dynamics which simulates
the contact of the system with a heat bath at temperature T and the second one is the Kawasaki dynamics which simulates
the continuous energy flux into the system from an external source. The Glauber single-spin flip process happens with the
probability p while the Kawasaki spin-exchange process between neighboring sites occurs with the probability q = 1− p.
The temperature-dependence of the system magnetizations for fixed coupling constants and lattice anisotropy has been
thoroughly investigated. Several thermodynamic phases and phase transitions have been obtained as well as multicritical
points. When the Kawasaki dynamics becomes dominant, self-organized antiferromagnetic phases are generated. Several
phase diagrams have been devised to illustrate model thermodynamic properties.
Wise Reasoning Skill Development as a Goal of Education
Authors: Smajović Ibrović Amina
Published: December 2024

The first part of the paper attempts to understand the phenomenon of wisdom better and offer a view of the pedagogy of wisdom through three forms of teaching: teaching about wisdom, teaching wisdom, and wise teaching. Starting from the assumption that the goals of teaching wisdom (making correct judgments, having broader insights, distinguishing internal qualities and relationships, accepting, appreciating, and integrating different perspectives) can be achieved through intentional pedagogical action, the paper sought to investigate whether the components of wise reasoning are integrated into the madrasah curriculum. The results showed that the need to enrich curricula with elements of wisdom in Islamic subjects was recognised. However, this dimension is absent in general education subjects.
The paper calls for raising awareness of the importance of enriching curricula to develop wisdom. Developing wisdom should be an important goal of education, and it requires appropriate visibility throughout the curriculum.
Perceived Parenting Style and the Mental Health of Adolescents in North Macedonia’s Albanian Community
Authors: Bajrami Ollogu Elisabeta , Xhelili Arta , Nita
Published: December 2024

The family factor (i.e., parenting style) is among the most important factors affecting adolescents’ development, in particular their mental health. This study investigates the relationship between perceived parenting styles and mental health among adolescents, through the mediating effects of gender, age, child order, family type, income and religious attachment. It then quantitatively evaluates perceptions regarding the prevalence of mental health disorders among adolescents in seven Albanian community secondary schools in North Macedonia’s capital, Skopje. The results showed that authoritative parenting was the most common perceived style, followed by authoritarian and permissive parenting, and that mental health among adolescents was generally poor. Further, correlations were found between different parenting styles and particular aspects of mental health among Albanian adolescents in North Macedonia. It is hoped that the findings of this study will provide targeted guidance for the prevention of adolescent mental health problems.
Implementasi Program Dinas Sebagai Pendidikan Sinau Bareng Kota Surabaya Dalam Meningkatkan Kreativitas Belajar
Authors: Chairien Nurwulan Ghozalyfah  , Susi Ratnawati  , Ismail
Published: December 2024

This study aims to evaluate the implementation of the Sinau Bareng program by the Surabaya City Education Office in improving learning creativity in the community. The research method used is qualitative with a descriptive approach, through in-depth interviews and direct observation of program participants, including students, teachers, and parents. The results of the study indicate that the Sinau Bareng program has succeeded in creating a conducive and interactive learning environment, which encourages student creativity in the learning process. This program not only helps students catch up on their academic achievements after the COVID-19 pandemic, but also provides space for students from underprivileged families to get additional tutoring. In addition, this program is effective in reactivating the function of the RW hall as a center for educational and social activities, as well as reducing students' dependence on the use of gadgets by providing alternative interesting and creative learning activities. In conclusion, the Sinau Bareng program is an effective strategy in improving learning creativity in the Surabaya community and can be used as a model for similar programs in other areas
Factors Affecting Longevity and Reasons for Culling in Dairy Cattle and Buffalo
Authors: Akhtar Hafiz Muhammad Bilal , Wadood Armughan Ahmed , Mehmood Sarfraz , Aziz Umar , Andrabi Syed Murtaza Hassan , Riaz Muhammad Naeem
Published: December 2024

Dairy cattle and buffalo longevity is critical to economic sustainability and animal welfare in dairy production. This current study embarks on a comprehensive exploration of the multifaceted factors that influence the longevity of these bovine species, subsequently impacting dairy industry profitability and animal selection. This study meticulously dissects the reasons for culling dairy cattle and buffalo, shedding light on the nuanced interplay between genetics, management practices, and emerging technologies. The current analysis delves into the genetic underpinnings of longevity, elucidating the hereditary factors contributing to enhanced lifespan in these valuable dairy animals. Furthermore, it delves into the intricacies of optimal herd management, encompassing nutrition, housing, and healthcare practices, which play a pivotal role in extending the productive lifespan of these animals. Moreover, we examine the dynamic landscape of advancements in biotechnology and genomics, revealing their potential to revolutionize dairy farming by enhancing the longevity and overall productivity of cattle and buffalo. We have amalgamated the latest research findings, presenting a compelling knowledge synthesis understanding the intricate web of factors affecting longevity and culling is paramount as the dairy industry navigates global sustainability and animal welfare challenges. The current study aims to serve as an indispensable resource for scholars, practitioners, and policymakers in the livestock sector, illuminating the path toward a more sustainable and humane dairy sector
Relative Growth Rate of Tree Seedlings in Mixed Coniferous Forest of Swat, Pakistan
Authors: Ullah Majid , Gulzar Saeed , Mujtaba Ghulam
Published: December 2024

The relative growth rate (RGR) is a significant attribute of plant species strategies. Species with high growth rate are more competitive in access to more resources while that with low growth rates are more conservative with limited resources. Relative growth rate (RGR) of trees particularly slows down with the increase in size of a tree because large allocation to structural material of the trunk required holding photosynthetic material up in the canopy. A new approach is to separate size effects from intrinsic growth difference is implemented. To find out the relative growth rate this study was conducted in the mixed coniferous forest of swat Pakistan. Total hundred plots were selected at different ecological zones in which quadrates size 20x20 meter were selected. Growth rate, RGR per year and per month was measured. The highest growth rate was that of Cedrus deodara 29.27% per year. The highest relative growth rate (RGR) per year was that of Pinus roxburghii 1.41 g g−1 y−1.The RGR per month was also measured and the highest was that of Pinus roxburghii 0.118 g g−1 m−1. Relative growth rate (height and diameter) was calculated for all the species found in the study area. Promote the sustainable utilization of tree species, (Cedrus deodara and Abies pindrow) for local consumption and other commercial purpose that may be envisaged in the future from the natural forest
Egg Characteristics of Aseel Chickens in 3 Different Taluka's of Tando Allahyar, Sindh Pakistan
Authors: Kaleri Rameez Raja , Kaleri Hubdar Ali , Khoso Zafar Ali Khoso , Mangi Raza Ali , Solangi Ghulam Mustafa , Ahmed Imran , Memon Muhammad Anees , Soomro Muhammad Awais , Khushk Farooque Ahmed , Anwar Ali , Kumar Lookesh , Arif Muhammad
Published: December 2024

The present study aimed to analyze the characteristics of Aseel chicken eggs, specifically focusing on size, quality, and their impact on hatchability percentage. The study was conducted in Sindh, Pakistan, with a total of 114 eggs selected from three different talukas in district Tando Allahyar. Parameters such as egg weight, specific gravity, egg shell, and egg thickness were recorded and analyzed. The data was further examined using rank-Spearman analysis to determine the correlation between these parameters. The results indicated significant differences (p < 0.05) among the selected talukas, with Tando Allahyar and Jhando Mari talukas showing higher values for egg weight, eggshell thickness, and specific gravity. Additionally, a significant (p < 0.05) and moderate to positive correlation was observed among all parameters. These findings suggest that the variations in results across different areas may be attributed to management practices and genetic differences in Aseel chicken populations within the talukas
Comparative Efficacy of Weedicides for Control of Broad Leaf Weeds in Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) Crop under Thal Irrigated Areas
Authors: Hassan Ishtiaq , Zaidi Syed Hassan Raza , Haider Zeeshan , Abbas Ghulam , Amer Marghub , Nadeem Muhammad , Hussain Niaz , Abbas Muneer , Mahmood Muhammad Tariq , Hayat Sikandar , Saeed Muhammad Awais , Akhtar Hafiz Muhammad Sohaib
Published: December 2024

The experiments were carried out to evaluate the comparative efficacy of different post-emergence weedicides on weeds in wheat crop at Adaptive Research Farm Karor, Distt. Layyah and at farmer’s field a.i. Chak No. 116/TDA, tehsil Karor, Distt. Layyah during Rabi crop season 2022-23 under irrigated conditions. The experiments were laid out in randomized complete block design (RBCD) with three replications. Four different herbicides were applied as post-emergence treatments viz. Buctril Super 60 % EC (Bromoxynil + MCPA) @ 1125 ml ha-1, Bromoxynil 40 % EC @1250 ml ha-1, Findus Extra 60 WG (Mesosulfuron-Methyl + Iodosulfuron-Methyl-Sodium) @ 240 g ha-1 and Clean wave (Imino Pyralid + Fluroxyber) @ 800 ml ha-1. An untreated control was also included in the trials.  All herbicides decrease the weeds population over control up to nine days in both locations and maximum grain yield 4533.35 kg ha-1 and 4635.50 kg ha-1 were  produced in Adaptive Research Farm Karor, and at farmer’s field a.i. Chak No. 116/TDA, Tehsil Karor, Distt Layyah respectively, where Buctril Super 60 % EC (Bromoxynil + MCPA) @ 1125 ml ha-1 was applied. Therefore, it is recommended that Buctril Super 60 % EC (Bromoxynil + MCPA) may be applied @ 1125 ml ha-1 for offering the control of broad leaves weeds and increase grain yield of wheat.
Evolving Definitions of War and Peace: A Historical Analysis of the Last Two Centuries
Authors: Ngwira Vitumbiko Andrew
Published: December 2024

This study looks at the evolution of war and peace concepts from 1800 to 2024, assessing how global political shifts, technology advancements, and shifting societal standards have shaped these key concepts. By examining significant historical events and shifts in the international landscape, the study hopes to provide a complete picture of how conceptions of war and peace have evolved over time and continue to impact contemporary international relations. The study helps to provide a better grasp of these dynamic notions in our modern, interconnected world.
The human and fatness earth
Authors: Budragchaa Dash-Yondon
Published: December 2024

The fatness of the earth that the human mind has to do with it and thus the problem of the analysis of the human mind is now developed in an important way. Consequently, it aims to consider and explain the problem of internal communication of the mind with regard to nature.
Хүн ба шим ертөнц (сэтгэл зүйн эсээ)
Хураангуй:
Шим Ертөнц, түүнд Хүн агаад хүний сэтгэл санаа холбогдох, үүний учир хүн сэтгэл санаагаа шинжихүйн асуудал өнөө цагт чухал утгатайгаар дэвшин гарч байна. Тиймээс сэтгэл санааны дотоод хэлхээ холбооны асуудлыг амьд байгальтай хамааруулан авч үзэж тайлбарлахыг зорилоо.
Tүлхүүр үгс: хүн, шим ертөнц, сэтгэл санаа