bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Diagnostic and prognostic value of microRNAs for Alzheimer’s disease: a comprehensive meta-analysis
Authors: Cătană Cristina-Sorina , Crișan Cătălina-Angela , Opre Dana , Berindan-Neagoe Ioana
Published: January 2020

Background and aims. Recent research has shown that microRNAs (miRNAs), a class of sequences regulating gene expression without undergoing translational processes, have been accepted as novel biomarkers of diseases. In the present meta-analysis, our main objective was to evaluate the diagnostic value of miRNAs expressed in different body fluids for AD, more exactly to analyze the discriminative value of miRNAs between AD and control subjects.

Methods. Medline and EMBASE were searched for articles written in English language and because the result reporting modalities were extremely different in the studies included in the analysis, the current article comprises 2 meta-analysis studies, each of them using different statistical indicators. The first meta-analysis reviewed 10 studies, which were required to provide sufficient information to allow the calculation of AUC or Cohen’s d for size effect. We proposed a second meta-analysis, starting from the drawbacks identified in this first approach, which used different statistical indicators (fold change) provided by other studies (8 studies).

Results. The present study offers an encouraging role of miRNA families in diagnosing AD. The heterogeneity of miRNA expression between the hippocampus, CSF and peripheral blood, the small sample size of each research study, as well as the different methods for miRNA detection remain the main obstacles in interpreting these results.

Conclusions.There is a need (in a future perspective) to establish the right miRNA combinations as potent diagnostic biomarkers for AD.
Disseminated peritoneal leiomyomatosis: an unusual presentation of intra-abdominal lesion mimicking disseminated malignancy
Authors: Soni Sweta , Pareek Puneet , Narayan Satya
Published: January 2020

Leiomyoma are commonly seen as benign smooth muscle tumors of the uterus. Smooth muscle tumors with unusual growth pattern are rare and include 3 primary neoplasms: intravenous leiomyomatosis (IVL), benign metastasizing leiomyoma (BML) and disseminated peritoneal leiomyomatosis (DPL). DPL is a rare benign disease, often giving the appearance of metastatic ovarian or peritoneal carcinoma. It is a disease that predominately affects women at their reproductive age. The risk of malignant transformation is 2-5%. There are no standard treatment guidelines for the management of the DPL. The unusual presentation of the disease delays the diagnosis or is often misdiagnosed and thus over treated, which may lead to increased morbidity and mortality. Therefore careful consideration and high index of suspicion is required for the proper management of such cases.
Alexander von Humboldt’s contribution to the biomedical sciences and scientific illustration. In observation of his 250th anniversary
Authors: Magurean Irina Dora , Dumitrascu Dan L.
Published: January 2020

Alexander von Humboldt (1769-1859) is one of the most prominent Germans. His multidisciplinary activity set standards to science at the beginning of modern era. His personality is celebrated worldwide. The Alexander von Humboldt Foundation in Bonn is still preserving his memory and endorsing research in all the fields. This paper is a historical sketch presenting his contributions to the development of medical sciences and also to the progress of scientific illustrations. We also introduce personalities of the Cluj-Napoca medical school who were fellows of the Alexander von Humboldt Foundation.
Some Aspects of the Modern Understanding of Liberty in Law
Authors: Shafalovich Anna
Published: January 2020

In contrast to the philosophical (moral and religious) and psychological side of freedom, the legal side of freedom is poorly studied. This article is intended to fill this gap. As a result of the study, the author reveals the difference between freedom in law and freedom of the individual, reveals their characteristic features, and also substantiates the criterion of differentiation of subjective right and freedom in law.
Introduction of Criminal Liability for Prohibited Biomedical Researches in Lithuania
Authors: Levon Justyna , Murauskas Donatas
Published: January 2020

The Criminal Code of the Republic of Lithuania establishes criminal liability for prohibited biomedical research involving human beings or human embryos. This paper examines the historical origins and development of criminal liability for biomedicial research within the Lithuanian legal framework. Consideration is given as to what legal virtues (goods) are at risk when prohibited biomedical research is conducted. In this context, the authors discuss issues related to the structure of legal rule imposing criminal liability for prohibited biomedical research in Lithuania.
Cartas Familiares de Fernando VII
Authors: Martin Gregorio Cervante
Published: January 2020

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A magasvérnyomás-betegség prevalenciája túlsúlyos és elhízott magyar gyermek- és serdülőkorú populációban
Authors: Jakab Andrea Emese , Hidvégi Erzsébet Valéria , Illyés Miklós , Cziráki Attila , Kalmár Tibor , Maróti Zoltán , Bereczki Csaba
Published: January 2020

Absztrakt:

Bevezetés: Napjainkban világszerte folyamatosan emelkedik a
túlsúly és az elhízás előfordulási gyakorisága. Ez a jelenség nemcsak a
felnőtt-, hanem a gyermek- és serdülőpopulációt is érinti. Ugyanakkor a túlsúly
és az elhízás nem csupán kórállapotok, hanem számos egyéb megbetegedésnek, így
emelkedett és magas vérnyomásnak a kialakulásához is vezethetnek.
Célkitűzés: Célunk az volt, hogy megvizsgáljuk a túlsúlyhoz
és az elhízáshoz társult emelkedett és magas vérnyomás előfordulási gyakoriságát
magyarországi 3−18 éves korú populációban. Módszer: A
vizsgálatba 2005 és 2018 között összesen 8624 (fiú = 4719) gyermeket és serdülőt
vontunk be. Normál testsúlyú, túlsúlyos és elhízott csoportokat a testtömegindex
alapján képeztünk. Az emelkedett (≥90–<95 percentilis) és magas (≥95
percentilis) vérnyomás diagnózisát részletes noninvazív kivizsgálás
(laboratóriumi vizsgálat, hasi ultrahang, gyermekkardiológiai vizsgálat, 24 órás
vérnyomás-monitorizálás) eredményeként állítottuk fel.
Eredmények: Vizsgálatunkban a túlsúly és az elhízás
együttes előfordulási gyakorisága 23,5% volt, ezen belül fiúknál 26,4%, míg
lányoknál 20%. A túlsúlyos gyermekek és serdülők csoportjában az emelkedett
vérnyomás prevalenciája 9,8%, az elhízottaknál 4,6% volt, míg a magas vérnyomás
előfordulási gyakorisága 8,3% (esélyhányados: 1,1; 95% CI) volt a túlsúlyosak és
26,7% (esélyhányados: 3,6; 95% CI) az elhízottak között.
Következtetés: Tudomásunk szerint először közlünk
magyarországi adatokat nagyszámú kortárs gyermek- és serdülőpopuláció esetében
az emelkedett és magas vérnyomásnak a túlsúlyhoz és az elhízáshoz társuló
előfordulási gyakoriságáról. A túlsúly és az elhízás a társult hypertoniával a
szív-ér rendszeri betegségek kialakulása szempontjából fokozott kockázatot
jelent. Éppen ezért kiemelkedően fontos a jól működő primer prevenciós
stratégiák kialakítása. Orv Hetil. 2020; 161(4): 151–160.
A tanulás sikerességének vizsgálata egészségügyi tanulmányokat folytató elsőéves hallgatók körében
Authors: Dinyáné Szabó Marianna , Pusztai Gabriella , Szemerszki Marianna
Published: January 2020

Absztrakt:

Bevezetés: Az elsőéves hallgatók tanulmányi sikerességét – a
preegyetemi tapasztalatokat is figyelembe véve – előre jelző összetevőket,
jellemzőket találhatunk mind egyéni, mind infrastrukturális szinten, melyek
mérhetők és felhasználhatók a tanulmányi eredményesség növeléséhez, és
hozzájárulnak a hallgatói mentális egészség fenntartásához.
Célkitűzés: Orvosi, fogorvosi, gyógyszerészi és egészégügyi
szervezői tanulmányokat kezdő hallgatók körében, tanulmányi sikerességet
előjelző jellemzők felkutatása. Módszer: A Semmelweis Egyetem
elsőéves hallgatói (n = 550) körében kérdőíves adatgyűjtéssel kapott adatbázis
elemzése. Logisztikus regresszióval határoztuk meg a hallgatói eredményességet
befolyásoló szignifikáns magyarázó változókat. Eredmények:
Elkülönültek a különböző karok és presztízscsatornák eredményességet elősegítő
tényezői és a hallgatói szükségletek, amelyek teljesülése egyben a hallgatói
mentális egészség fenntartását is szolgálja. Két csoportot definiáltunk: (i)
kartól független tényezők (például perzisztenciaérték, vallásos hit,
WHO-jóllétérték, a sport fontossága, bizalom), (ii) karra jellemző tényezők
(például ÁOK, FOK: szülői hatás a tanulásra, GYTK: a kapcsolatok fontossága
nagy, EKK: a szülői végzettség meghatározó). Következtetés: A
hallgatói élet megkezdésekor mérésekkel felszínre kerülhetnek olyan tényezők,
amelyek ismerete elősegítheti a későbbi sikeres tanulmányokat, megelőzve a
lemorzsolódást. A tanulmányok alatt ezek a jellemzők folyamatosan
monitorozhatók, így a hallgatói sikeresség érdekében a szükséges beavatkozások
megtörténhetnek. Orv Hetil. 2020; 161(4): 139–150.
A társas támogatás és az egészséges életmód összefüggései
Authors: Ocsovszky Zsófia , Rafael Beatrix , Martos Tamás , Csabai Márta , Bagyura Zsolt , Sallay Viola , Merkely Béla
Published: January 2020

Absztrakt:

Bevezetés: A cardiovascularis megbetegedések vezető haláloki
tényezőként évente 4 millió halált okoznak Európában. Az életmód mellett
25–40%-ra becsülik a pszichoszociális tényezők szerepét a betegség
létrejöttében. A felnőttkori szociális izoláció a krónikus stressz forrása, és
másfélszeres rizikót jelent a betegség kialakulására. A társas támogatás
alacsony szintje és a társas izoláció növeli a depresszió, a magas vérnyomás és
az elhízás valószínűségét, ezáltal növelve a szív- és érrendszeri megbetegedések
előfordulását is. Célkitűzés: A jelen kutatásban arra voltunk
kíváncsiak, hogy hogyan függ össze a vizsgálati személyek egészségmagatartása
társas kapcsolataikkal. Továbbá a már korábban validált Multidimenzionális
Társas Támogatás Skálát adaptáltuk az egészség területére.
Módszer: Az online kérdőíves adatfelvétel 2018 őszén
történt (n = 507). Felvételre került a Társas Támogatás Skála egészségre
adaptált változata, a szubjektív egészségi állapot, a szubjektív anyagi helyzet,
felvettük a Rövidített Beck Depresszió Kérdőívet, valamint a WHO Rövidített
Jóllét Kérdőívet és az Észlelt Stressz Kérdőívet. Eredmények: A
megerősítő faktorelemzés összességében igazolta az eredeti háromfaktoros
struktúra meglétét (Cronbach-alfák = 0,945, 0,950 és 0,905). A regressziós
modellek szerint az egészséggel kapcsolatban a barátoktól kapott társas
támogatás tendenciaszerű pozitív összefüggést mutat az intenzív testmozgással (B
= 0,205, béta = 0,096, p = 0,093). Logisztikus regressziós modellben vizsgálva,
az egészséggel kapcsolatban kapott társas támogatás nem áll összefüggésben a
dohányzással. Csupán az iskolai végzettség mutatkozott szignifikáns tényezőnek
(B = –1,284, OR = 0,277, p = 0,000). Következtetés: A Társas
Támogatás Skála egészséges életmódra adaptált változatának pszichometriai
mutatói mintánkon megfelelőnek bizonyultak. A társas támogatás összefüggést
mutatott a mentális egészség mutatóival (depresszió, stressz-szint, jóllét),
valamint tendenciaszerű összefüggést a testmozgással. Orv Hetil. 2020; 161(4):
129–138.
Protein és glikán biomarkerek szerepe a krónikus obstruktív tüdőbetegség diagnosztikájában
Authors: Szabó Miklós , Kun Renáta , Hajba László , Koncz Roland , Guttman András , Csánky Eszter
Published: January 2020

Absztrakt:

A krónikus obstruktív tüdőbetegség (COPD) világszerte előkelő helyet foglal el a
morbiditási és mortalitási statisztikákban. A COPD megelőzhető és kezelhető
betegség, kialakulásáért döntően a dohányzás tehető felelőssé. A prevenció
kulcsfontosságú, de korlátozottan kivitelezhető, így a rizikó meghatározása és a
korai noninvazív diagnosztika révén lehetne tovább csökkenteni a COPD miatti
halálozást. A fejlődő diagnosztikus technikák ellenére az optimális
szűrővizsgálat felfedezése még várat magára. Kellően szenzitív és specifikus
biomarkerek felfedezése megfelelő eszközt adhat a klinikus kezébe a betegség
korai diagnosztizálásához, a differenciáldiagnosztikához, a fenotipizáláshoz és
a prognózis becsléséhez. Közleményünkben a COPD vonatkozásában a közelmúltban
felfedezett potenciális fehérje és glikán biomarkereket foglaljuk össze. Orv
Hetil. 2020; 161(4): 123–128.
El tratamiento de la textualidad en la política curricular de lengua materna en Colombia
Authors: Olave Giohanny
Published: January 2020

Este texto propone una reflexión crítica sobre la presencia de un enfoque de la lingüística textual en los Lineamientos curriculares de lengua castellana. El objetivo es contribuir a las revisiones que viene planteando el sector académico acerca de la política curricular vigente en esta área, a dos décadas de su última reforma general. Se problematiza el tratamiento de la textualidad en el documento pedagógico referido, así como su reducción a la noción de competencia textual. Se concluye que es necesario reorientar los lineamientos curriculares actuales hacia una concepción de la textualidad más preocupada por el uso de la lengua como actividad social, cultural, histórica y política.
A Balakrishnan-Rubin type hypersingular integral operator and inversion of Flett potentials
Authors: SEZER EVCAN Sinem , ERYİĞİT Melih , ÇOBANOĞLU Selim
Published: January 2020

In the present paper we introduce new ``truncated" hypersingular integral operators $D_{\epsilon}^{\alpha}f,(\epsilon>0)$ generated by the modified Poisson semigroup and obtain an explicit inversion formula for the Flett potentials in framework of $L_p$--spaces.********************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************
Rings such that, for each unit u, u − u n belongs to the Jacobson radical
Authors: KOŞAN M. Tamer , QUYNH Truong Cong , YILDIRIM Tülay , ŽEMLİČKA Jan
Published: January 2020

A ring R is said to be n-UJ if u − u n ∈ J(R) for each unit u of R, where n > 1 is a fixed integer. In this paper, the structure of n-UJ rings is studied under various conditions. Moreover, the n-UJ property is studied under some algebraic constructions. Mathematics Subject Classification (2010). 16N20, 16D60, 16U60, 16W10
Weighted stochastic field exponent Sobolev spaces and nonlinear degenerated elliptic problem with nonstandard growth
Authors: AYDIN İsmail , UNAL Cihan
Published: January 2020

In this study, we consider weighted stochastic field exponent function spaces $L_{\vartheta }^{p(.,.)}\left( D\times \Omega \right) $ and $W_{\vartheta }^{k,p(.,.)}\left( D\times \Omega \right) $. Also, we study some basic properties and embeddings of these spaces. Finally, we present an application for defined spaces to the stochastic partial differential equations with stochastic field growth.*********************************************************************************************************************************************************************
Structure of weighted Hardy spaces on finitely connected domains
Authors: GÖĞÜŞ Nihat Gökhan
Published: January 2020

We give a complete characterization of a certain class of Hardy type spaces on finitely connected planar domains. In particular, we provide a decomposition result and give a description of such functions through their boundary values. As an application, we describe an isomorphism from the weighted Hardy space onto the classical Hardy-Smirnov space. This allows us to identify the multiplier space of the mentioned Hardy type spaces as the space of bounded holomorphic functions on the domain.******************************************************************************************
Miradas de la naturaleza de la ciencia y la tecnología desde la perspectiva CTSA de maestros en escuelas normales
Authors: Tuay Sigua Rosa Tuay Sigua Rosa Nidia, Pérez Mesa
Published: January 2020

El estudio de temáticas referentes a la manera en que los profesores en ejercicio,conciben la forma como funciona la ciencia y la tecnología (CyT) en el mundoactual, cuál es la naturaleza de la CyT y las relaciones entre la ciencia, latecnología, la sociedad y el ambiente (CTSA) como componentes centrales de laalfabetización científica y tecnológica, se constituye en una oportunidad paraconstruir un espacio de articulación con 3 Escuelas Normales Superiores (ENS) quesuperen el carácter de asesoría que ha sido tradicional en la relación Universidad-Escuela permitiendo desarrollar a través de la investigación un espacio deconstrucción colectiva y sostenible.
Pensamiento crítico dominioespecífico en la didáctica de las ciencias
Authors: Tamayo Alzate Óscar Eugenio
Published: January 2020

En primera instancia se hace una discusión general acerca del objeto de estudio de la didáctica de las ciencias y su relación con el campo de la pedagogía; esta lleva a establecer algunos límites y tensiones entre la formación y el pensamiento crítico en dominios específicos del conocimiento, como eje central de la didáctica de las ciencias, el cual desborda los convencionales propósitos centrados en la enseñanza y en el aprendizaje de las ciencias. A lo largo del texto se privilegia la tesis del desarrollo del pensamiento crítico de dominio específico, lo cual nos lleva, en segundo lugar, a presentar resultados de investigación sobre la expresión del pensamiento crítico en niños, niñas y maestros de grados cuarto y quinto de educación básica primaria de 56 instituciones públicas de la ciudad de Manizales, en el campo de las ciencias naturales. El estudio fue de naturaleza mixta y las categorías investigadas fueron solución de problemas, metacognición y argumentación, las cuales se consideran constituyentes del pensamiento crítico en los estudiantes. Para la recolección de la información se diseñaron diez talleres en los cuales se presentaban situaciones problema sobre diferentes temáticas de ciencias. Los análisis se realizaron con 224 niños y 5 maestros. El estudio se adelantó en tres momentos, en cada uno de los cuales se realizó el análisis de cada una de las categorías, así como el análisis de las relaciones entre ellas. Se presentan los resultados independientes para cada una de las tres categorías investigadas, así como un análisis comprensivo de la relación entre ellas en función de comprender la expresión del pensamiento crítico en los niños investigados. Se describieron comprensivamente las concepciones de los maestros acerca del pensamiento crítico.
Türkiye'de Hanehalkı Göreli Yoksulluğunu Etkileyen Faktörler: Lojistik Regresyon Analizi
Authors: EVCİM Nurgül , GÜNEŞ Sevcan , KARAALP-ORHAN Hacer Simay
Published: January 2020

Bu çalışmada, Türkiye’de toplumsal refah artışını engelleyen hanehalkı göreli yoksulluğunun, boyutları ve temel belirleyici faktörleri incelenmektedir. Bu amaçla analizde Türkiye İstatistik Kurumu (TÜİK) (2017) yılı Gelir ve Yaşam Koşulları Araştırması mikro veri seti kullanılmıştır. İlk olarak hanehalkı medyan fert gelirinin %60’ına göre yoksulluk sınırı hesaplanmıştır. Bağımlı değişkenin yoksulluk sınırına göre yoksul ve yoksul olmayanlar olarak ele alındığı İkili Lojistik Regresyon analizinde, hanehalkı demografik özellikleri, işgücü piyasası ve coğrafi özellikleri içeren açıklayıcı değişkenler kullanılmıştır. Elde edilen sonuçlara göre Türkiye’de eğitim düzeyi, yaş, Sosyal Güvenlik Kurumu’na kayıtlı olma ve sanayi sektöründeki istihdam yoksulluk riskini azaltırken işsizlik, yevmiyeli çalışma, evli olma ve hane büyüklüğü yoksulluk riskini artırmaktadır.
A Fiscal Space Analysis In Terms Of Turkey’s Domestic Debt
Authors: KASAL Süleyman , ÖZPENÇE Özay
Published: January 2020

High public debts after the crises have restrict the use of fiscal policies affect the fiscal space of many countries. In consequence, these countries have to adopt structural economic reforms to create a fiscal space. Fiscal policy adopted in 2000’s has created different results in Turkey. The main consequences of these policies, are the huge decrease in budget deficits, public debt ratios and in interest payments. Thus Turkey created fiscal space. Within this framework, first, we clarify fiscal space. Then, we calculated fiscal space for Turkey in the period between 2000:Q1-2015:Q4. Our estimates suggest that although there is ample fiscal space for Turkey to use fiscal policies, increasing public debt might restrain to use such policies and cause fiscal fatigue.
Impact of Syrian Forced Migration on Turkish Economy
Authors: VURAL Burcak Müge
Published: January 2020

The purpose of this research is to analyse the economic impact of Syrian forced migration on Turkish economy. In order to assess the response of macroeconomic variables to the influx of Syrian refugees, we resort to Difference-in-Differences method. We compare Turkish provinces on the basis of three macroeconomic indicators -unemployment, inflation, and production- before and after forced migration occurred. We find that forced migration increased inflation and production significantly. In particular, housing prices rise considerably with Syrian migration. We estimate that 1% rise in migrant population raises both inflation and production by more than 1%. We find statistically insignificant coefficients for unemployment. In addition, impact of forced migration displays regional differences. Regions with clustered industrial production are affected positively by the influx of Syrian migrants. Despite positive impact on industry clusters, findings indicate some deterioration of macroeconomic indicators of rural sectors.
Büyük Veri Setlerinde Üstel Mekânsal Matris Tanımı Yaklaşımı: İstanbul Ofis Piyasası Analizi
Authors: KANGALLI UYAR Sinem
Published: January 2020

Çalışmada, İstanbul Ofis Piyasası’nda ofis kira değerlerinin belirlenmesinde etkili olan faktörleri tespit etmek amacıyla mekânsal bağımlılık etkisini dikkate alan hedonik ofis kira modelinin geliştirilmesi amaçlanmıştır. Bu amaçla, mekânsal gecikme modeli ile birlikte mekânsal hata ve mekânsal Durbin modeli tahmin edilmiş ve çeşitli kriterlere göre ilişkiyi diğer mekânsal modellere göre daha iyi açıklayan modelin mekânsal gecikme modeli olduğuna karar verilmiştir. Mekânsal modeller 2018’in ilk çeyreği boyunca İstanbul’un 28 ilçesinden elde edilen 2348 ofise ait veri seti kullanılarak tahmin edilmiştir. Uygun model olarak belirlenen mekânsal gecikme modelinin tahmin sonuçlarına göre, ofis kiraları üzerindeki en etkili ilk üç değişken sırasıyla ofis binalarındaki ortalama boşluk oranı, bina tipi ve boğaz manzarasıdır. Veri setinin büyük boyutlu olması mekânsal gecikme modelinin tahmininde yanıltıcı tahminlere neden olacağından, üstel mekânsal matris modeli tahmin edilmiştir. Her iki modelin tahmin sonuçları karşılaştırıldığında katsayı tahminlerinin neredeyse aynı olduğu gözlemlenmiştir.
Method for creating a tissue microarray-capable, slide-scanning acquisition device from any motorized microscope v1
Authors: P. Nilsen Steven , Lora D. L. M. Ong M. , Muhlich Jeremy , Copeland Jay , Gliksman Neal , R. Turner Jerrold
Published: January 2020

High-throughput, multiplex slide-scanning technologies have become widely-used. Advantages include the ability to archive digital copies of slides, review slides as teams using virtual microscope software, and standardize analytical approaches. One barrier to implementation is the cost of dedicated slide-scanning devices. We describe a simple method that allows any microscope to be used for slide-scanning. The only requirements are that the microscope be equipped with a motorized filter turret (for multichannel fluorescence) and a motorized xyz stage. This example uses Metamorph, the most commonly used hardware-agnostic microscope control software. The approach can, however, be readily translated to open source applications as well as to dedicated control software provided by microscope manufacturers. The scripts, or journals, developed allow users to define multiple regions of interest and specific parameters, including ranges and channels used for focusing. Following acquisition, captured images can be stitched and displayed using open source virtual microscope software.
Optical coherence tomography angiography in age-related macular degeneration v1
Authors: Resch Miklos
Published: January 2020

All subjects underwent a comprehensive ophthalmic examination, including best-corrected visual acuity (VA) assessment (ETDRS Charts), slit lamp, and fundus examinations. After pupil dilation, OCT-A was performed, using the AngioVue OCT-A system (RTVue-XR Avanti, OptoVue, Fremont, CA, USA). Scans with the highest resolution were obtained in the central 3×3 mm area, centered on the foveola. The superficial capillary plexus was detected automaticaly between the internal limiting membrane (ILM) and the inner plexiform layer (IPL); and the deep capillary plexus between the IPL and the outer plexiform layer (OPL). Segmentation errors were manually controlled for each layer to avoid the potential artifacts due to the distortion of anatomy with nAMD. Foveal thickness was measured in the central 1.0 mm area. Superficial and deep vessel density (VD) was evaluated in the whole image, in the central 1 mm area (fovea), and in the 3 mm ring-shaped parafoveal area. Superficial non-flow area and foveal avascular zone (FAZ) areas were measured, using the built-in AngioAnalytics software (Version ReVue 2018.0.0.18) OptoVue system with an automated segmentation algorithm.
AMBIGUITAS ARUNA DAN PARADOKS CITARASA LIDAHNYA POSKOLONIALITAS NOVEL KULINER LAKSMI PAMUNTJAK
Authors: Budiyanto Ary , Latifah Latifah
Published: January 2020

Makanan bukan hanya kebutuhan biologis mendasar manusia, namun juga merupakan situs kebudayaan yang menjadi medan pertarungan kekuasaan, identitas, sosial, dan kelas. Dunia makanan dan kulinernya adalah sebuah diskursus dan metafora kuasa, terlebih di bangsa-bangsa koloni pasca-kolonial. Novel Aruna dan Lidahnya karya Laksmi Pamuntjak merepresentasikan warisan poskolonial melalui mimikri, hibriditas, dan ambivalensi. Melalui close reading dan pendekatan poskolonial, tampak bahwa sastra kuliner ini menampilkan paradoksial, mengangkat khazanah kuliner lokal tradisional, namun memposisikannya di bawah masakan luar negeri di dalam ambiguitas pribadi Aruna dan ketiga kawannya. Hal ini membentuk citra kuliner lokal sebagai makanan kelas dua, yang berseberangan dengan citra makanan luar negeri yang sehat, bersih, dan berkelas. Sebagai bentuk revolusi mental, inferioritas konstruksi kolonial, terutama bidang kuliner, perlu terus dikritik sebagai bentuk apresiasi terhadap kekayaan keragaman budaya Nusantara.
SUNDANESE PHONOLOGICAL INTERFERENCE OF THE RECITATION OF SURA AL-FATIHA OF THE HOLY QURAN
Authors: Tatang Tatang , Hayati Cucu
Published: January 2020

Culture is one of elements that affect a person's proficiency of foreign languages. Sundanese phonological structure is different from Arabic. Therefore, it is difficult for some Sundanese people to pronounce Arabic. For example, Sundanese tends to face difficulties in reciting the verses of the Holy Quran. The Holy Quran is the Muslims’ holy book that is written in Arabic. The recitation of the Holy Quran should be in accordance with the Arabic phonology. In fact, Some Sundanese make irregularities or interference during reciting the Suras (chapters) of the Holy Quran. This study aims to reveal the phonological interference experienced by Sundanese speakers in reciting the Sura Al-Fatiha of the Holy Quran. The data in this study covers the recitations of the Sura Al-Fatiha. The data is retrieved through observation, recording, and interviews with some Sundanese people that live around the UPI Campus. The study concludes that there are five phonological interference phenomena in the pronunciation of the Hijā’ī (Arabic Alphabet) during the recitation of Sura Al-Fatiha. They are lenition, sound reinforcement, unusual sound changes, the voice addition, and assimilation. Some factors cause such interferences. They cover the influence of the Sundanese vocabulary and Arab phonemes that do not exist in the phonology of the Sundanese language.
PEREMPUAN INDONESIA TAHUN 1970-an DAN 1980-an DALAM CERPEN KARYA DJUMRI OBENG
Authors: Mustikawati Aquari
Published: January 2020

This study aims to illustrate the image of Indonesian women in the 1970s and 1980s in three short stories by Djumri Obeng, "Bidadari di Tengah Hutan”, “Anah", and “Peni". The three short stories represent the picture of the circumstances of women in those days. The problem focused on this research is how the image of Indonesian women in the 1970s and 1980s and the authors' views on the marginalization of women in those days. Descriptive qualitative method is used to solve the problems, by using positivism and phenomenological paradigm to understand human behavior and their frame of mind. By using the theory of focalization, this paper analyzes the views of society at that time which is depicted in focalizator figures in the three short stories. The results showed that women in the 1970s and 1980s experienced marginalization through three spaces, namely social, economic, and stereotyped. It can be concluded that women with low educational and economic levels during that period were targeted for insolvency because they lacked fighting power.
LEKSIKON MAKANAN TRADISIONAL DALAM BAHASA JAWA SEBAGAI CERMINAN KEARIFAN LOKAL MASYARAKAT JAWA
Authors: Fuad Akhmad Dzukaul , Hapsari Yusita Titi
Published: January 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskrisikan leksikon MT berbahasa Jawa pada masyarakat desa Tanjungrejo. Penelitian ini berpijak pada teori (:hipotesis) relatifitas bahasa dan pemenuhan research gap tentang kajian makanan yang selama ini hanya dikaji dari aspek unsur (:komponen) kimiawi semata, seperti kandungan nutrisi, gizi, dan senyawa kimia lainnya. Penelitian ini menggunakan perpaduan metode linguistik dan antropologi. Metode linguistik berperan untuk mencari dan menginventarisasi leksikon berbahasa Jawa berdasarkan analisis lingual, sedangkan metode antropologi berperan untuk mengklasifikasikan data lingual berdasarkan ranah dan domain. Dari analisis ranah dan domain akan ditemukan tema-tema budaya yang secara implisit menggambarkan seperangkat manah kolektif (collective mind) masyarkat Jawa yang tersimbolisasi dan terekspresi dalam bentuk leksikon makanan tradisional. Manah kolektif masyarakat Jawa terejawantahkan dalam sikap, prilaku dan tata nilai serta norma yang berlaku dalam suatu masyarakat dalam wujud kearifan lokal.
STUDI ANALISIS PENERJEMAHAN VERBA BERPREPOSISI PADA NOVEL TERJEMAHAN ALFU LAILAH WA LAILAH KARYA FUAD SYAIFUDDIN NUR
Authors: Nurmala Ima , Syihabuddin Syihabuddin , Sopian Asep
Published: January 2020

Penerjemahan dalam ruang lingkup bahasa memiliki peran penting bagi peradaban dunia. Penerjemahan merupakan proses penggantian teks suatu bahasa ke dalam bahasa lain (Catford, 1965). Penelitian ini menganalisis verba berpreposisi sebagai salah satu kolokasi dalam bahasa Arab untuk diteliti bentuk verba yang jatuh sebagai idiom dan non-idiom dan mendeskripsikan kecenderungan penerjemahannya pada  novel terjemahan Alfu Lailah wa Lailah karya Fuad Syaifuddin Nur . Untuk mencapai tujuan tersebut, peneliti menggunakan metode penelitian kualitatif dengan pendekatan analisis konten. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian dari 43 data ditemukan  56 verba berpreposisi, 2 verba berpreposisi idiom dan 54 verba berpreposisi non-idiom. Adapun dari kecenderungan penerjemahan, ditemukan 22 penerjemahan setia, 7 penerjemahan semantis, 1 penerjemahan idiomatik, dan 13 penerjemahan komunikatif.
Há saída para a judicialização da assistência farmacêutica no Sistema Único de Saúde
Authors: Stédile Luís Otávio
Published: January 2020

Objective: to highlight the need for regulation of normative gaps by the Ministry of Health in order to realize the right to medicines absent in official Unified Health System lists and clinical protocols. Methodology: documentary analysis and legislative revision. Results: currently, legal actions aimed at supplying drugs by Unified Health System consume seven billion reais per year of the brazilian public budget, seriously interfering with public health investment options. Regulatory gaps at the federal level are evidenced as potential causes of the problem. Discussion: The elimination of regulatory gaps by the Ministry of Health presents itself as the option capable of rebalancing the performance of the Republic Powers regarding the supply of medicines by SUS. Conclusion: the Ministry of Health is required to ensure the permanent updating of the list of medicines contained in the Unified Health System 's clinical relations and protocols, the exceptional granting of medicines not provided for in appropriate cases, and adequate selection and remuneration of oncological drugs.
Registro de medicamentos com indicação agnóstica já é realidade no Brasil, o que significa para a judicialização?
Authors: De Paula Ellen Alves , Silva Rafael Augusto Mantovani , De Siqueira Paula Sue Facundo , De Melo Daniela Oliveira
Published: January 2020

Objective: to describe the regulatory aspects of larotrectinib, the first approved drug with indication for tumor-agnosis in Brazil, and its likely impacts on judicialization in the country. Methods: this is a descriptive exploratory study. Results and discussion: larotrectinib was approved in Brazil about 225 days after FDA approval. Its approval brings new elements to the discussion of judicialization in health, since few patients will benefit from this therapy. The prevalence of fusion of the NTRK receptor (larotrectinib target mutation) gene is known to be 0.31% of adult tumors and 0.34% of pediatric patient tumors. In addition, pharmacogenetic tests are required to confirm this mutation. Conclusion: with the registration of drugs with tumor-agnostic indication becoming a reality in Brazil, the need for presentation and interpretation of pharmacogenetic tests is increasing. However, this is not a reality in the Unified Health System and, therefore, these drugs tend to benefit only those who have access to pharmacogenetic tests, have the specific mutation for treatment, thus promoting legal demands and thus restricting their access to large majority of the population.
CONCEPTUAL SCHEME SYSTEM FOR MODELING OF TACTICAL SITUATION ON THE BASIS OF GEOINFORMATION SYSTEM
Authors: Khirkh-Ialan V. , Bakhvalov V.
Published: January 2020

The analysis of the directions of geoinformation systems use in the military sphere indicates the need to develop domestic simulation systems for combat operations simulation and the creation of a system for a tactical military situation simulation using geoinformation systems for the Armed Forces of Ukraine. The article proposes a conceptual scheme of a system of simulation of a tactical situation on the basis of GIS technologies, which is proposed to be used for planning intelligence and special operations, the definition of objectives, the analysis of terrain and the mutual visibility of opposite sides, management of combat. Keywords: combat simulation system, geoinformation system, geospatial simulations.
To the problem of fast reading in the organization of academic work of students
Authors: Victorenko S.
Published: January 2020

The article analyzes the problem of fast reading in the organization of educational work of students. The role of fast reading in the organization of educational work of students and ways of its improvement are determined. The theoretical analysis of this problem is revealed, in particular, attention is paid to the study of methods for improving the academic work of students. It has been found that in order to acquire skills of rapid reading it is appropriate to apply a training that will improve and accelerate the process. It is generalized that fast reading plays a supporting role in the organization of student work and to develop the necessary motivation and daily training for a particular system.
Psychological basis of the specialists' professional training
Authors: Ivanova N.
Published: January 2020

Retrospective aspects of the urgent issues of the psychological basis for the professional training of personality have been outlined. The basic stages of researches of this issue are listed, definition and contents of the psychological basis for the specialists' training are determined.
Fatty acid characterization of liver oil from shark (Centrophorus sp.) using dry rendering extraction method
Authors: Rozi Anhar , Ukhty Nabila , Khairi Ikhsanul , Irhamdika Irhamdika , Meulisa Ade Irma , Bija Stephanie
Published: January 2020

Shark liver by-product has potential to be reprocessed into valuable products. The aim of this study was to utilize byproduct of shark in West Aceh to become fish oil. The oil was extracted using an oven with different temperatures (40, 50, and 60°C) for 8 hours. The results of proximate analysis showed that the protein content was 15.71 ± 0.13%, fat was 14.70 ± 1.66%, moisture was 58.11 ± 0.57%, ash was 1.19 ± 0.006, and carbohydrate was 10.30 ± 2.12%. The yield of liver oil reached 90% and contained omega-3 fatty acids including EPA and DHA. The heavy metal residue of shark liver oil was still below the threshold set by BSN, with an exception for Cd with 0.892 ppm. Saturated fatty acid (SFA) was 34.75% with palmitic acid as the dominant. Mono unsaturated fatty acid (MUFA) content was 12.86% with oleic acid was the dominant. Poly unsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) content was 17.29% with DHA as the main component. The highest yield of shark liver oil was obtained from extraction at 60°C (49.4%). The heavy metal residue of the oil was still below the threshold, except for Cu. The 50°C extraction temperature was considered as the best treatment resulting fish oil with 41.67% SFA, 14.37% MUFA, and 21.82% PUFA. Keywords: extraction, fatty acid, Shark liver by-product has potential to be reprocessed into valuable products. The aim of this study was to utilize byproduct of shark in West Aceh to become fish oil. The oil was extracted using an oven with different temperatures (40, 50, and 60°C) for 8 hours. The results of proximate analysis showed that the protein content was 15.71 ± 0.13%, fat was 14.70 ± 1.66%, moisture was 58.11 ± 0.57%, ash was 1.19 ± 0.006, and carbohydrate was 10.30 ± 2.12%. The yield of liver oil reached 90% and contained omega-3 fatty acids including EPA and DHA. The heavy metal residue of shark liver oil was still below the threshold set by BSN, with an exception for Cd with 0.892 ppm. Saturated fatty acid (SFA) was 34.75% with palmitic acid as the dominant. Mono unsaturated fatty acid (MUFA) content was 12.86% with oleic acid was the dominant. Poly unsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) content was 17.29% with DHA as the main component. The highest yield of shark liver oil was obtained from extraction at 60°C (49.4%). The heavy metal residue of the oil was still below the threshold, except for Cu. The 50°C extraction temperature was considered as the best treatment resulting fish oil with 41.67% SFA, 14.37% MUFA, and 21.82% PUFA.
Characteristics of Chitosan from White Leg Shrimp Shells Extracted Using Different Temperature and Time of the Deasetilation Process
Authors: Setha Beni , Rumata Fitriani , Silaban Bernita br.
Published: January 2020

Chitosan is a white amorphous solid chitin, and of high biological and mechanical characteristics. Chitosan production is divided into two stages. First is chitin isolation (deproteination, demineralization, and depigmentation), and second is deacetylation of chitin to chitosan. This research was aimed to determine the characteristic of chitosan isolated from the shells of the white leg shrimp  using different temperature and time in the deasetilation process. The FTIR test results showed that the chitin group was partially broken into chitosan in every treatment. The highest content of chitosan was obtained at the temperature treatment of 100℃ for 2 hours, while the highest degree of deacetylation, viscosity, and molecular weight were observed at the temperature treatment of 120℃ for 3 hours. The sample were not soluble in aquades, methanol, or ethanol indicating the samples were chitosan.
Characterization and Antioxidant Activity of Hyaluronan from Vitreous Humor of Yellowfin Tuna Eye (Thunnus albacares)
Authors: Trilaksani Wini , Riyanto Bambang , Wahyuningsih Tri
Published: January 2020

Vitreous humor is a part of the tuna fish eye that plays a role in maintaining the brightness of the eye and contains hyalocytes having function to produce hyaluronan. Hyaluronan is thought as an antioxidant to prevent unsaturated fatty acids damage in tuna fish eye caused by free radicals. Hyaluronan from vitreous humor tuna fish eye has not been widely studied. This study was aimed to extract the hyaluronan found in vitreous humor of tuna fish eye and determine its characteristics. Extraction of hyaluronan consisted of presipitation, centrifugation, enzyme digestion, defatting, dialysis, and freeze drying. Antioxidant activity was determined by three methods comprising 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl2,2-azinobis (DPPH), 3-ethylbenzo-thiozoline-6-sulfonic acid (ABTS), and ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP). Vitreous humor tuna fish eye had a proportion of 31% of eye, pH value 6.905±0.0083, viscosity 195.56±12.86 cP, water 98.09±0.49%, and glutamic acid 932.06±3.80 mg/L. The hyaluronan yield was about 0.005±0.001%. The IC50 antioxidant activity of hyaluronan against DPPH was 25.52±0.22 mg/mL while the inhibition capacity on ABTS was 1.92±0.08% and the ferric reduction capacity was 9.34±0.55 µM/g. These results indicates that the antioxidant activity of hyaluronan from vitreous humor tuna fish eye is low.
Salario y calidad de vida de los trabajadores de la Comuna La Candelaria Medellín
Authors: Castro álvarez Jhon Freddy , Londoño Atehortua Claudia Marcela
Published: January 2020

Las variaciones del salario siempre han sido consideradas una de las mayores preocupaciones de los trabajadores, sin que estos se detengan a pensar en la capacidad de compra como garantía para una mejor calidad de vida, a pesar de que existen varios indicadores que se ocupan de este aspecto, como por ejemplo el índice de desarrollo humano, el cual tiene en cuenta la educación, la vivienda, la salud, etc. Esta indagación centro su análisis en el ingreso como elemento fundamental de esta condición para dar respuesta a la hipótesis planteada: “El 80% de los trabajadores de la actividad de las confecciones de los estratos 2 y 3 de la comuna 10 de ciudad de Medellín (La Candelaria), trabajan en la informalidad laboral, con un salario bajo que no les permite tener una buena calidad de vida”. El método que se utilizó para el desarrollo de esta investigación recoge aspectos metodológicos cualitativos y cuantitativos. En una primera fase se realiza un recorrido bibliográfico y documental, y en una segunda fase fue necesario tener en cuenta para la comprobación de la hipótesis planteada inicialmente, la recolección de datos estadísticos mediante una encuesta. Se llegó a la conclusión de que el salario de los trabajadores es una variable clave que permite a los trabajadores de la actividad de las confecciones tener una buena calidad de vida.
Estudio prospectivo de escenarios de la tecnología en el trabajo en Colombia al 2050
Authors: Rodríguez Valero Liliana Carolina , Gutiérrez Rodríguez Ramón Eduardo
Published: January 2020

A partir de un estudio prospectivo de tipo mixto esta investigación tiene el propósito de responder a la pregunta ¿cuáles serán los escenarios que tendrá que afrontar la sociedad colombiana en la transformación laboral a partir de las variaciones tecnológicas en el año 2050? Su utilidad radica en la posibilidad de proponer herramientas para incrementar tareas de investigación, desarrollo e innovación en las universidades, complementando la capacitación de los futuros profesionales, así mismo, desarrollar estrategias de mejoramiento social, con las cuales se incentive el emprendimiento que permita disminuir las tasas de desempleo, producto de los futuros desarrollos tecnológicos. En la metodología, se utiliza el método Delphi, donde se realiza una encuesta, se lleva a cabo un panel de expertos y luego, se plantea una matriz de escenarios con base al análisis morfológico de los resultados obtenidos por la aplicación de los instrumentos. Finalmente, se realiza la cruz de escenarios de Peter Schwartz, donde se plantean los contextos del futuro de mayor probabilidad de ocurrencia, de acuerdo a los escenarios previamente planteados. Y para concluir con que la sociedad es el pilar de los cambios más significativos y trascendentales.
Percepción de una marca amor. Caso de la Universidad Nacional de Colombia
Authors: Montoya-Restrepo Luz Alexandra , Sanchez-Torres Javier , Rojas-Berrio Sandra Patricia , Castaño-Molano Juan Manuel , Montoya-Restrepo Ivan Alonso
Published: January 2020

El presente documento explora las posibilidades del análisis de la valoración de una love mark® o marca amor, definido como el vínculo emocional del consumidor con su marca, en especial, en el caso de una institución muy reconocida en el ámbito de los colombianos como es la Universidad Nacional (Colombia), con más de 150 años de tradición. El método utilizado fue la aplicación del índice desarrollado por Eunjoo Cho en 2011, quien desarrolla una metodología para la evaluación de marcas amor adaptada al contexto educativo. Se realizó mediante encuesta online a 267 personas con técnica mixta (cualitativa-cuantitativa) por valoración de escala de Likert. Las conclusiones se centran en la posibilidad de posicionar una marca, a pesar de ser una universidad pública, como una marca reconocida, recordada, posicionada y finalmente como marca amor en los colombianos.
La influencia del estilo parental en las intenciones de compra en el consumidor infantil
Authors: Giraldo Pérez Wilson , Otero Gómez María Cristina
Published: January 2020

Este artículo tiene como objetivo analizar las relaciones entre el estilo parental con las intenciones de compra en infantes, a partir de aspectos como la comunicación y la influencia. Se realizó un estudio cuantitativo correlacional, que contó con la participación de 90 niños y niñas residentes en una ciudad intermedia de Colombia, cuyos datos fueron procesados en el software SPSS. Los resultados de las correlaciones demuestran que en general la variable independiente estilo parental, tiene una relación positiva con la variable dependiente intención de compra de los menores. Cuando se realiza el análisis exclusivamente para el estilo autoritario, se presenta una correlación negativa.
Oportunidades de las Minicadenas Productivas del Sector Cacao de Santander Frente al Pos Conflicto Colombiano
Authors: Ramírez Montañez Julio Cesar , Valero Córdoba Gladys Mireya , Martínez Higuera Paola
Published: January 2020

Este artículo tuvo como objetivo analizar las oportunidades de las minicadenas productivas del sector cacao del departamento de Santander con el fin de determinar posibles opciones de inserción de los productos del cacao a cadenas globales de valor en el periodo pos conflicto. Con el fin de cumplir con este propósito, se implementó una metodología de tipo descriptivo para determinar las características de la cadena productiva del sector cacao de Santander mediante la aplicación del modelo minicadenas productivas proporcionada por la Agencia da las Naciones Unidas de Desarrollo Industrial (ONUDI). En virtud del análisis realizado, se pudo determinar que el sector cacao del departamento de Santander no ha logrado promover la generación de factores diferenciales en la cadena de valor debido al bajo desarrollo tecnológico en las operaciones de transformación, el desconocimiento de los parámetros de calidad por parte de los eslabones de productores y comercializadores, el desconocimiento de los requisitos de los mercados internacionales y los problemas de asociatividad, confianza e integración de los eslabones de la cadena. Como respuesta a las debilidades anteriormente planteadas, las políticas públicas de Colombia han priorizado al cacao como materia prima de interés para el desarrollo rural, desplegando acciones gubernamentales y de cooperación internacional encaminadas a consolidar una adecuada cadena de valor y de esa forma solventar las necesidades  tecnológicas y organizativas de un sector agrícola clave en el proceso de sustitución de cultivos ilícitos en el pos conflicto.