bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Impact of Fiscal Deficit on Economic Performance in Nigeria
Authors: Amaegberi Michael , Krokeyi Wisdom
Published: February 2025

This study investigates the impact of fiscal deficit on economic
performance in developing countries, focusing on Nigeria as a case
study. Specifically, it assesses the effects of fiscal deficit on real GDP
growth and the unemployment rate, utilizing annual time series data spanning
from 1981 to 2022. The Ordinary Least Squares technique is employed for data
analysis. The findings reveal that fiscal deficit, trade globalization, and domestic
investment exert positive and significant influences on real GDP growth.
However, the population growth rate exhibits a positive yet insignificant effect
on real GDP growth. Moreover, the study indicates that fiscal deficit and
domestic investment have negative and insignificant effects on the
unemployment rate, while real GDP growth demonstrates a negative and
significant impact on the unemployment rate. Additionally, the population
growth rate is found to have a positive and significant effect on the
unemployment rate. Based on these results, policymakers are advised to exercise
prudent management of fiscal deficit spending to bolster economic growth,
while simultaneously addressing concerns related to fiscal sustainability.
Furthermore, policymakers are encouraged to adopt a comprehensive approach
that integrates targeted interventions to stimulate job creation with broader
structural reforms aimed at enhancing labor market functioning and improving
long-term employment prospects.
Fuel Subsidy Removal and Exchange Rate Volatility in Nigeria: Implications on Macroeconomic Stability
Authors: Kofarbai Hamza , Ahmad Zubairu , Dakingari Usman
Published: February 2025

The paper examines empirically the implications of fuel subsidy removal and
exchange rate volatility vis-à-vis macroeconomic stability in Nigeria. The
paper employs ex-ante and ex-post as the research design using time series
data from January, 2023 to January, 2024 to measure the causal relationships among
the fuel subsidy removal and macroeconomic variables which include; exchange
rate, inflation, interest rate, international oil price and Gross Domestic Product. The
study employs Statistical Package of Social Science (SPSS) as techniques of data
analysis using estimation method to ascertain the positive and causality or
otherwise among the explained and the explanatory variables. The result shows that
fuel subsidy removal and foreign exchange volatility within the period under review
triggers low capacity utilization leading to collapse of some companies, increase
headline inflation, low saving and diminishing real income leading to vicious circle
of poverty in the country. Result of the study further reveals that one of the factors
that induced higher prices (inflation), particularly food prices and other
commodities are as a result of high exchange rate and fuel subsidy removal, due to
their affinity with international crude oil prices. The paper concludes that fuel
subsidy removal and exchange rate volatility has exacerbated the level of poverty in
the country, leading to reduction of productivity in the real sector. The paper
recommends to the policy makers the gradual removal of fuel subsidy in the country
in order to ameliorate the sufferings of the populace as the economy experiences
severe shock. The paper further recommends infrastructural development in
transport and roads as well as incentivizing tax holiday for companies with a view to
spur production, growth and brings price stability.
Consumerism and the Globalization Agenda: A Strategic Marketing Management (SMM) Advocacy for Consumer Behaviour
Authors: Asika Kenneth-Rex , Udo-Orji Chidinma , Okatta Aloysius , Okorie Nkechi
Published: February 2025

The agitation of consumers against some quality-dimension strategies like;
product customization, product specification, product standardization and
other discriminatory preferences orchestrating the production of low quality or
substandard products for only the poor consumers, has raised obvious curiosity and
global business concern amongst various management and marketing scholars. These
consumers however, protest and argue that most of these goods with poor quality
dimensions could lead to ephemerality of these same products globalized or distributed
to satisfy human wants and needs, consequently violating the provisions of
globalization Agenda, Consumer Bill of Rights and Basic rules and contents of Total
Quality Management (TQM). The objective of the study therefore is to evaluate or
assess the extent to which consumerism as a consumer behavior technique and strategic
marketing management concept, has contributed to producers' response, to the
anticipated needs of consumers in the Globalization Agenda. The methodology
combined the application and analyses of ideas and opinions from various authorities in
this area of research with contents and reports on both present and past accounts of
selected contextual issues. The study revealed that there is a weak correlation between
consumerism and the globalization agenda, with obvious facts as; continuous violation
of consumers bills of rights, exclusion of the government in consumerism drives, and
failure of consumers to draw manufacturers attention to the major areas of the economy.
The research however concludes that the globalization agenda failed extensively in
assuaging the challenges faced by consumers with discriminatory approaches to
manufacturing, and consumerism also as a consumer behaviour technique has not
succeeded in its aims and objectives in the globalization agenda.
The Contribution of Public Procurement Practices to Service Delivery of Nigeria National Petroleum Company (NNPC)
Authors: Hyacinth Dakwang , Jibir Muhammad-Awwal
Published: February 2025

This study examines the impact of public procurement practices on
service delivery at the Nigeria National Petroleum Company (NNPC).
Despite the Public Procurement Act of 2007, NNPC faces issues such as
corruption, inefficiency, and non-compliance with procurement regulations,
affecting service delivery. To evaluate this, a quantitative research approach was
used, with data collected from 132 NNPC employees through structured
surveys. The study tested the hypothesis that transparency in procurement
practices positively affects service delivery outcomes. Key findings reveal
significant positive relationships between transparency, efficiency, adherence to
regulations, and service delivery at NNPC. Transparency and adherence to
regulations enhance service delivery, while efficient procurement processes
boost organizational effectiveness. The study underscores the importance of
effective procurement practices for efficient and accountable service delivery
and recommends NNPC prioritize compliance with due process in
procurement. This research contributes empirical evidence on the impact of
procurement practices on service delivery in a specific organizational context.
Ownership Characteristics and Capital Structure of the Selected Insurance Firms in Nigeria
Authors: Byuan Mathias , Osoba B Samson , Udu Ama , Abdullahi Shehu , James Tyohen
Published: February 2025

The corporate governance structure delineates the allocation of rights and
responsibilities among diverse stakeholders within a business enterprise.
Anticipated to impact the realization of corporate objectives with
minimal costs, corporate governance mechanisms furnish the means to monitor
performances. This study investigated the effect of ownership structure on
capital structure of the selected insurance firms in Nigeria. The study uses
secondary data which were extracted from fourteen (14 sampled insurance firms
listed in the Nigerian Group Exchange (NGX) for the period 1992-2022. The
study used Multiple Regression analysis of data and fixed effect result was
accepted based on the Hausman specification test result. The results showed
reveals that firm ownership concentration has a positive significant effect on the
capital structure of insurance firms in Nigeria, managerial ownership has a
negative significantly positive effect on the capital structure of insurance
companies in Nigeria in Nigeria. Furthermore, the control variable, firm age,
has a statistically significant negative effect on the capital structure of the
sampled firms in Nigeria. Based on the findings and conclusion the study
recommends among others that, the study recommended that they should be
training for board members and executives on best practices in corporate
governance and capital structure management. This can help firms navigate the
challenges associated with ownership concentration and make informed
financial decisions.
Digital Transformations of Book Culture as a Subject of Scientific Research
Authors: Lopatina Natalya V. , Voropayev Alexander N.
Published: February 2025

Nowadays, specifics of the digital transformation of book culture are one of the topical issues of scientific book research. Basing on the analysis of printing statistics data, indicators of the book market dynamics, the authors identify the fixed and predicted changes in book culture that have occurred under the influence of digital technologies. The need for advanced theoretical understanding and scientifically based design of new phenomena and technological solutions in book business has been determined. The assessment of ability of modern book sciences to solve the challenges of digital development facing the industry has been made. The subject matter of perspective studies of digital transformations of book culture in bibliology and in the interdisciplinary field has been developed.
Sonata for viola and piano ор. 51 f-moll (1954) by V.Ya. Shebalin in russian music of the 50s of the XXth century: contexts of creativity
Authors: Radzetskaya Olga V.
Published: February 2025

The study forms an idea of the peculiarities of the development of chamber-ensemble music, which marked a new stage in the development of sonata form, and ways of its formation in Russian art in the mid XXth century. Some works created during these years in the genre of chamber ensemble laid the foundation for a whole gallery of images that were in direct connection with the atmosphere of the post-war period, its inspiring creative start. The authors focus is on the work of V.Ya. Shebalin and his Sonata for Viola and Piano f-moll op .51 No. 2 from the Three Sonatas Cycle (1954). The specifics of the composers artistic thinking and the direction of his activity are determined in order to solve practical problems when studying the modern repertoire of chamber ensembles.
Structural and Content Features of Soviet ABC-Books
Authors: Kupriyanova Tatiana G.
Published: February 2025

The study covers the main milestones in the formation of the concept of the Soviet ABC-book influenced by the processes characteristic of the ideological, cultural, socio-political and national economic life of the RSFSR in 1919-1991. The structural evolution of this type of educational publications from sets of simple ‘unbound’ sheets to high-quality and solid works of book format printing is shown. The dependence of the functional load of the text and illustrations intended for ideological education of children on the specific historical situation in the country and the general level of development of Soviet ABC-book study is noted.
Modern trends in Chinese drama of the twentieth century exemplified by Liao Yimei’s play Rhinoceros in Love
Authors: Sizova Maria I.
Published: February 2025

Two plays, Thunderstorm by Cao Yu (1934) and Rhinoceros in Love by Liao Yimei (1999), are of key significant importance for the popular literary genre of “colloquial drama” in China. The article reveals the main stages of the transformation of this trend in Chinese drama, the peculiarities of its motifs, plots, as well as the structural design of individual works. The author analyzes the poetic and metaphorical structure of Liao Yimei’s play Rhinoceros in Love, notes the special role of the remark as the main guide to the world of “colloquial drama”.
The Apocalypse of Despiritualization as a Problem of Values: Based on Andrei Tarkovsky’s Creative Work
Authors: Malyshev Vladislav B.
Published: February 2025

The metaphysical architectonics of the apocalypse era as a problem of cultural values is reflected in Andrei Tarkovsky’s work through polycentric culture texts, through masterpieces of film directing as a compedium of universal values. According to the author of this study, Tarkovsky’s film texts show the despiritualization of a modern person, the loss of the culture value core in the situation of a consumer society, the distortion of the very worldview at the level of the original modalities of culture, which is symbolized by the metaphysical distortion of the idea of the Trinity. The collapse of idealism, the absence of value coordinates and ideals, the dismantling of the values of altruism, collectivism, faith in something transcendent, faith in God and oneself as his likeness are the signs of a person’s loss of the inner peace, the apocalypse of despiritualization against the background of global catastrophes of the XXᵗʰ-XXIst centuries. Alongside the films Sacrifice and Nostalgia, A. Tarkovsky’s film masterpiece Stalker is especially representative in this sense.
Conceptual Fashion: An Experience of Structural-Semiotic Analysis
Authors: Sirotina Irina L. , Molchanova Lyudmila A.
Published: February 2025

The contradictory, grotesque, paradoxical nature of the images of conceptual fashion positions the work of designers who have most clearly manifested themselves in this area. To analyze the specifics of their work a structural-semiotic approach is applied in the article, which allows exploring this phenomenon of culture as a complex of invariant relations within the framework of an integral system of official fashion. The unity of the syntactic, pragmatic and semantic stages of the analysis contributes to the identification of the concepts underlying the styles of such prominent representatives of the world of conceptual fashion as R. Kawakubo, M. Margiela, I. Miyake and others.
Isolation and Identification of Bacteria from the Oral Cavity of Monitor Lizard (Varanus bengalensis)
Authors: Anjum Adeel , Masood Moshin , Hussain Mudasar , Imran Muhammad , Umar Aliza , Ahmed Rana Fazail , Arshid Sadia , Ammar Umme , Masood Ariba , Ali Waqas
Published: February 2025

The current research was carried out in the Kasur district, Punjab, Pakistan with the duration of July 2021 to June 2022. The purpose of study was to isolate and identify the bacterial community in the oral cavity of monitor lizard (Varanus bengalensis). As monitor lizards are ectotherm reptiles so they spent most of their winter season from November to March in hibernation. So, sampling is done before and after the hibernation period. Ten specimens were captured from the study area by the direct encounter and also using hand nets and pitfall traps. The collected samples were transferred to the University of Veterinary Animal Sciences, Ravi Campus, Pattoki at the Postgraduate Lab, Department of Wildlife and Ecology. Specimens were handled with care to aviod injury. The cotton-tipped swab stick was used to collect a saliva sample from the oral cavity by using a sterile mouth gag. At least three cotton swab samples were taken from each specimen.Each swab sample was stored in sterile buffered peptone water in falcon tubes at -4º C. The solution from the tubes was streaked over Nutrient agar (NA), Mannitol Salt (MS) agar, Xylose Lysine Deoxycholate (XLD) agar and Trypticase Soya agar with 5% Sheep Blood agar. All of the plates were cultured at 36±°C in an incubator for 24–48 hours. Gram staining was used to identify descriptive colony morphology. Isolates were identified primarily based on colony morphology on selective media, Gram nature, motility test, and pigment production. For possible identification, the selected colonies were sub-cultured on nutrient agar and Trypticase Soya agar (TSA). After that, isolated biochemical tests were carried out in order to identify them. Three most abundant bacterial species were investigated in present study including Salmonela typhi, Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa their relative abundance would be statisticaly analyzed. Accordingly Salmonela typhi contained 43.33%, Staphylococcus aureus contained 46.67% and Pseudomonas aeruginosa contained 13.33%.
Ethnomedicinal Plant Treatment Practices in Vouge for Curing Different Ailments in the Villages of Alluru Sitarama Raju District, the Eastern Ghats of Andhra Pradesh, India
Authors: Devakoti Babu N V  Jayanth , Rao D S Madhava , Rao G M Narasimha
Published: February 2025

This paper deals with the Ethno medicinal treatment practices for treating different types of ailments.  The present survey comprises of totally fifty   Ethno-medicinal formulae which provides information in detail on the therapeutic values of 34 plant species belonging to 31 genera and 24 families, covering 21 different ailments or health exigencies. Information on botanical names, vernacular names, families, plant parts & used methods of preparation of drugs as well administration are presented in a detailed manner. The Information collected in this study   would act as vital data for scientific community.
Tsunami of Metabolic Syndrome (MetS)
Authors: Zafar Rizwan
Published: February 2025

Tsunami of Metabolic Syndrome (MetS)
DEVELOPMENT OF NUTRIENT ENRICHED FLOUR BLEND FROM OATS, CHIA SEEDS AND SPINACH
Authors: Nadeem Aqsa , Anosh Dr. , Sajjad Anusha , Zahra Syeda Sani e , Ramzan Anoosha , Rani Farwa
Published: February 2025

Background:Diet and nutrition play an important role in general health, highlighting the importance for incorporating nutrient dense foods in diet. Particularly those made from plant-based ingredients; offer a promising approach to improving public health. Oats, chia seeds, and spinach powder are rich in essential nutrients such as fibre, protein, healthy fats, vitamins, and minerals, which can contribute to better overall health.Materials andMethods:In this interventional study flour blend from oats, chia seeds, and spinach powder was developed along with its nutritional profile and sensory attributes evaluation. Two formulations were prepared utilizing locally sourced ingredients, Group 0 utilized (4:1:1) and experimental Group 1 utilized (5:2:2) of oats, chia seeds and spinach powder respectively. Proximate analysis and Sensory evaluation of both flours in the form of tortilla wraps was conducted and data was analysedin SPSS using independent sample t test at 95% level of confidence. Results:Group 1 has higher crude protein, crude fiber, fat, ash, contains lower amount of carbohydrates and moisture compared to Group 0 flour. Mineral analysis revealed that Group 1 flour is enriched in iron, potassium, contains moderate amount of magnesium and phosphorus but least amount of calcium whereas statistical analysis shows that there is no significant difference in sensory attributes such as colour, texture, taste, appearance and general acceptability (p>0.05) between both flours. Group 1 flour exhibited enhanced nutritional properties, making it suitable for individuals with specific dietary needs such as high protein or Fiberintake, and lower carbohydrate requirements. Conclusion:Group 1 has higher crude protein, crude fiber, fat, ash, but contains lower amount of carbohydrates and moisture compared to Group 0.
ClassificationofGlanzmann’sThrombastheniapatientsonflowcytometry
Authors: Gul Saira , Sahar Moizza , Fateen Tooba , Shahzad Faheem , Mustafa Ghulam , Ullah Ismat
Published: February 2025

Background: Glanzmann’s Thrombasthenia (GT) is an autosomal recessive platelet disorder caused by mutations in the ITGA2B and ITGB3 genes, leading to partial or complete deficiency of the GPIIb/IIIa(CD41/CD61)complexonplatelets,causingaquantitativeorqualitativedefectsofplatelet fibrinogen receptors αIIbβ3 glycoprotein complex. This results in abnormal platelet aggregation, diminished clot retraction and mild to severe bleeding episodes. Affected individuals suffer from lifelong moderate to severe bleeding, mostly mucocutaneous in nature. Thepresent study was designed to characterize GT subtypes through quantitative flow cytometryMaterialandMethods:Adescriptivestudywasconductedon46GTpatientsattendingAllamaIqbal medicalcollege/JinnahHospital.Afterobtainingwritteninformedconsent,bloodsamplesweretaken, severity of bleeding was assessed by Glanzmann’s Thrombasthenia Italian Team protocol (GLATIT) and expression of platelet integrin was determined by quantitative flow cytometry.Results: Onflowcytometry20patientswerecategorizedastypeІ (43.5%),07(15.2%)astypeІІ and 19(41.3%)as type ІІІaccording to the level of receptor deficiency.Conclusion: Type І is the most common followed by type ІІІ then type ІІ. Most cases weresevere bleedersfollowed by mild then moderate bleeders. Initial yet important account of clinical and phenotypiccharacterizationofGTinlocalpatients,whichmaysparkfurtherstudiestohelpmolecular diagnosis, optimal disease management and geneticcounselling-based prevention efforts.
Հերերոների ցեղասպանությունը. պատմություն և արդիականություն
Authors:   «Հայոց ցեղասպանության թանգարան-ինստիտուտ» հիմնադրամ, Մանուկյան Սուրեն , Պողոսյան Նարեկ ,   «Հայոց ցեղասպանության թանգարան-ինստիտուտ» հիմնադրամ
Published: February 2025

Գաղութային կառավարումը հաճախ ներառում էր անընդմեջ անհամաչափ բռնության կիրառում, որը թույլ տվեց եվրոպացի գաղութարարներին գործել անսահմանափակ դաժանությամբ: Ակնառու օրինակ է գերմանական գաղութային քաղաքականությունը Հերերո և Նամա ժողովուրդների նկատմամբ Գերմանական Հարավ-Արևմտյան Աֆրիկայում (այժմ՝ Նամիբիա), որը լայնորեն ճանաչվում է որպես ցեղասպանություն։
Սույն հոդվածում ցեղասպանագիտական ուսումնասիրության շրջանակներում հայրենական պատմագրության մեջ առաջին անգամ վերլուծում է Հերերոների ցեղասպանությունը:
1904-1908 թվականներին հերերոները բախվեցին գերմանական ուժերի կողմից կանխամտածված ոչնչացման քաղաքականությանը՝ հարկադիր արտաքսումների, զանգվածային սպանությունների և աշխատանքային ճամբարների միջոցով, ինչը հանգեցրեց բնակչության կտրուկ կրճատման։ Թեև Գերմանիան ի սկզբանե հերքում էր պատասխանատվությունը, սակայն փոխհատուցման բանակցությունները սկսվեցին 2015 թ., երբ Գերմանիան ի վերջո ճանաչեց իր հանցագործությունները և առաջարկեց որոշակի փոխհատուցում:
Հերերոների ցեղասպանությունը արտացոլում է եվրոպական տերությունների կողմից գաղութային բռնության ավելի լայն օրինաչափություններ՝ կրելով Հարավային Աֆրիկայի և Հյուսիսային Ամերիկայի տարածաշրջաններում վարվող քաղաքականության ազդեցությունը: Այնուամենայնիվ, հերերոների հետ տեղի ունեցածը եզակի է գեներալ ֆոն Տրոտայի «բնաջնջման պատերազմի» (Vernichtungskrieg) բացէիբաց հայտարարության պատճառով, որը հազվադեպ հանդիպող դեպք է, քանի որ բացահայտորեն նշվում էր ցեղասպանության մտադրության մասին:
Այս ցեղասպանությունը որոշ գիտնականների կողմից դիտվում է նաև որպես Հոլոքոստի նախադրյալ՝ զուգահեռներ անցկացնելով համակենտրոնացման ճամբարների կիրառման և գերիների վրա բժշկական փորձարկումների հարցում: Բացի այդ, Հայոց ցեղասպանության հետ կապեր են նկատվում այնպիսի մարտավարությունների կիրառման մեջ, ինչպիսիք են հարկադիր երթերը դեպի անապատ, որտեղ զրկանքները հանգեցրել են զանգվածային մահվան:
Հերերոների ցեղասպանության շուրջ ժամանակակից քննարկումները նաև ընդգծում են հետցեղասպանական զարգացումները, այդ թվում՝ Գերմանիայի պատրաստակամությունը՝ ընդունելու մեղքը, թեև հատուցման պայմանները մնում են վիճարկվող:
Նամիբիայում տեղի ունեցած ցեղասպանությունը հատկապես ակնառու է հերերո համայնքի համար, որը բնակչության մոտ 10%-ն է կազմում, մինչդեռ այլ էթնիկ խմբեր, չնայած գաղութարարների դեմ պայքարի ընթացքում ցուցաբերած աջակցությանը, անկախությունից հետո այս հարցին առաջնահերթություն չեն տվել։
Beden Eğitimi ve Spor Öğretmenlerinin Okul Yöneticiliğine Yönelim Sebeplerinin İncelenmesi
Authors: Güzel Muhammet Emin , Kaya Ayça
Published: February 2025

Bu araştırmada, beden eğitimi ve spor öğretmenlerinin okullarda yönetici olarak yer alma isteklerinin incelenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Nitel araştırma yaklaşımlarından temel nitel araştırma modeli deseninde gerçekleştirilen araştırmanın evrenini Kocaeli’nde bulunan, okullarda yöneticilik yapıyor veya yapmış olan 12 beden eğitimi ve spor öğretmeni oluşturmaktadır. Yarı yapılandırılmış görüşme formu araştırmada veri toplama aracı olarak kullanılmıştır. Verilerin analizinde, tematik analiz yönteminden yararlanılmıştır. Araştırmada toplanan verilerin açık şekilde ifade edilmesi amaçlanmış ve kitlenin vermiş olduğu yanıtlardan birebir yararlanılarak araştırmanın geçerliliği sağlanmaya çalışılmıştır. Araştırmada elde edilen veriler kodlanarak kategorize edilmesiyle ilgili kaynaklar araştırılarak araştırmanın güvenirliliği sağlanmıştır. Araştırmada beden eğitimi ve spor öğretmenlerinin demografik durumlarına ilişkin sorulara verilen cevaplarla mesleki ve kişisel özelliklerine ait bilgiler elde edilmiştir. Elde edilen bulgular doğrultusunda beden eğitimi ve spor öğretmenleri yöneticiliğe yönelme nedenlerini dört temayla (sorumluluklar açısından yeterli görme, yöneticiliğe yönelimdeki beklentiler, öğretmenlerle ilişkide farklılıklar, performansı etkileyen olumsuzluklar) açıklamışlardır. Beden eğitimi ve spor öğretmenleri yöneticilikte kendilerini en çok karizmatik liderlik konusunda yeterli hissederken; beklentiler arasında rahatlığın (izin, mesleki doyum vb.) öne çıktığı; yönetici olduklarında diğer öğretmenlerle disiplin konusunda daha fazla farklılaşma yaşandığı ve performanslarının olumsuz etkilenmesi durumunda çalışma koşulları ve mesleki sorunlarla karşılaştıkları tespit edilmiştir.
Sekizinci Sınıfların Öğretmeni Olmak: Türkçe Öğretmenlerinin Deneyimleri
Authors: Ercan Merve , Doğan Kahtalı Bahar
Published: February 2025

Öğrenme-öğretme süreci birçok unsurdan oluşmaktadır. Bu unsurlar arasında “öğretmen”ler üstlendikleri çeşitli rollerle ön plana çıkmaktadırlar. Öğretmenler, kendilerinden beklentiler doğrultusunda rollerini ve sorumluluklarını şekillendirebilmektedir. Bu bağlamda dil becerilerini geliştirmeyi hedefleyen Türkçe öğretmenlerinin deneyimlerinin önemli olduğu söylenebilir. Bu araştırmanın amacı, sekizinci sınıfların dersine giren Türkçe öğretmenlerinin kendilerinden beklentilere yönelik görüşlerini belirlemektir. Araştırmada sekizinci sınıfların Türkçe dersini yürüten Türkçe öğretmenlerinin, kendilerinden beklentileri nasıl anlamlandırdıklarını ortaya koymak amaçlandığı için fenemoloji deseni tercih edilmiştir. Araştırmanın katılımcıları on bir Türkçe öğretmeninden oluşmaktadır. Araştırmanın verileri yarı yapılandırılmış görüşme formu aracılığıyla elde edilmiştir. Veriler içerik analizi yöntemiyle çözümlenmiştir. Araştırmanın alt problemleri kapsamında elde edilen bulgular; Türkçe Dersi Öğretim Programı'nın (2019) Türkçe öğretmenlerinden beklentileri ve bu beklentilerin karşılanma durumu, farklı sınıf düzeyindeki öğrencilerin, okul idaresinin, diğer branş öğretmenlerinin, zümrelerinin, il/ilçe millî eğitim müdürlüklerinin ve sekizinci sınıf öğrenci velilerinin Türkçe öğretmenlerinden beklentilerini sunan on bir farklı temayla belirtilmiştir. Araştırmada, Türkçe öğretmenlerinden beklentilerin farklılaştığı görülse de çoğunlukla LGS odağında beklentilerin ön plana çıktığı sonucuna ulaşılmıştır.
Sustainable Intercropping with Tulsi and Potato: Applying Vrikshayurveda for Environmental Benefits
Authors:   School of Basic and Applied Sciences, Career Point University, Bhoranj (Tikker-Kharwarian), Hamirpur, Himachal Pradesh 176041, India, Thakur Anju Kumari , Pandey Deep Narayan ,   Ministry of Forest, Government of Rajasthan, Secretariat, Jaipur, 302005, Rajasthan, India, Kumar Gulshan ,   School of Basic and Applied Sciences, Career Point University, Bhoranj (Tikker-Kharwarian), Hamirpur, Himachal Pradesh 176041, India
Published: February 2025

This paper investigates the integration of Vrikshayurveda practices—specifically Kunapajala and Panchgavya—into modern agricultural systems, focusing on a case study of Tulsi (Ocimum sanctum) and Potato (Solanum tuberosum) intercropping. Vrikshayurveda, the ancient science of plant life and agriculture, offers valuable ecological insights for sustainable farming by employing organic methods to enhance soil fertility and improve plant health. Through field experiments, this research evaluates the effects of these bio-enhancers on soil health, crop yield, and overall ecosystem sustainability. The study demonstrates that the application of organic fertilizers like Kunapajala and Panchgavya, when combined with intercropping, presents a viable solution to modern environmental challenges in agriculture. The findings highlight the role of these practices in increasing soil microbial activity, improving crop productivity, and promoting ecological resilience. Moreover, the results underscore the potential of Vrikshayurveda to contribute to sustainable agricultural systems that prioritize biodiversity conservation while meeting modern agricultural demands. The study also emphasizes reduced dependency on synthetic inputs, reinforcing the relevance of traditional practices in fostering sustainable agricultural systems.
Shaping Customer Loyalty of Organic Food Products
Authors: MICHAŁOWSKA Mariola
Published: February 2025

The growing interest of consumers in organic products necessitates a different perspective on customer loyalty, particularly regarding the factors that determine it. The aim of this article is to identify the factors influencing consumer behavior in terms of their loyalty to organic products. The research procedure utilized literature on the subject to gather information on existing studies, data from Eurostat, FIBL, and IFOAM databases, as well as data collected by IJHARS, showing the state of development of the organic market from 2004 to 2022. Additionally, it presents the results of research conducted among consumers of organic food products from the Lubuskie Voivodeship. The selection of respondents was random, using the stratified sampling method according to age range. The conducted research shows that customer loyalty results from positive experiences with organic food products and points of sale, which correlates with high trust. These customers are inclined to recommend both the products and the points of sale of organic food. The presented research fills a gap in the existing literature. Firstly, it identifies and assesses the factors influencing the level of loyalty in the purchasing decisions of consumers in the organic products market. Secondly, it indicates the desired directions for actions taken by producers and suppliers of food products to skillfully shape relationships with customers based on trust and loyalty, allowing for better adjustment of the offer to the needs and expectations of consumers in the organic food market.
LEGALITAS KONTRAK ELEKTRONIK DALAM JUAL BELI E-COMMERCE DIVERIFIKASI DARI HUKUM PERIKATAN
Authors: Tobing Ruben nicholas
Published: February 2025

Perkembangan teknologi informasi dan komunikasi membawakan berbagai hal-hal baru yang biasanya dilakukan secara tatap muka, kini dapat dilakukan melalui teknologi komunikasi dalam sistem komputer. Salah satunya dalam bidang perjanjian kontrak elektronik (e-contract) yang sifatnya sangat memudahkan bagi para produsen atau konsumen dalam hal transaksi jual beli. Akan tetapi, pelaksanaan dari perjanjian kontrak ini kerap kali timbul permasalahan. Akibat berkembangnya perjanjian secara online secara otomatis tidak menghadirkan kedua belah pihak secara fisik. Permasalahan yang timbul di ranah Kontrak Elektronik erat kaitannya dengan wanprestasi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menilai keabsahan dari perjanjian kontrak yang dilaksanakan berbasi jaringan internet, penilaian keabsahan yang dimaksud adalah untuk mengetahui perlindungan hukum yang bertugas untuk melindungi hak dari masing-masing pihak yang dirugikan. Serta juga mengetahui cara menyelesaikan sengketa dari kasus wanprestasi yang timbul di ranah Perjanjian Kontrak Elektronik.
Penelitian ini mendalam tentang bagaimana legalitas kontrak elektronik dalam jual beli e-commerce dapat diverifikasi dari perspektif hukum perikatan. Fokusnya adalah pada dampak perkembangan teknologi terhadap pelaksanaan kontrak online, dengan penekanan pada permasalahan yang muncul terkait wanprestasi. Tujuan penelitian mencakup evaluasi keabsahan kontrak berbasis internet dan analisis perlindungan hukum yang diberikan kepada pihak yang terlibat. Selain itu, penelitian ini juga mengeksplorasi strategi penyelesaian sengketa khususnya terkait kasus wanprestasi dalam konteks kontrak elektronik.
Evaluating uncertainty and predictive performance of probabilistic models devised for grade estimation in a porphyry copper deposit
Authors: Leung Raymond , Lowe Alexander , Melkumyan Arman
Published: February 2025

Abstract. Probabilistic models are used extensively in geoscience to describe random processes as they allow prediction uncertainties to be quantified in a principled way. These probabilistic predictions are valued in a variety of contexts ranging from geological and geotechnical investigations to understanding subsurface hydrostratigraphic properties and mineral distribution. However, there are no established protocols for evaluating the uncertainty and predictive performance of univariate probabilistic models, and few examples that researchers and practitioners can lean on. This paper aims to bridge this gap by developing a systematic approach that targets three objectives. First, geostatistics are used to check if the probabilistic predictions are reasonable given validation measurements. Second, image-based views of the statistics help facilitate large-scale simultaneous comparisons for a multitude of models across space and time, for instance, spanning multiple regions and inference periods. Third, variogram ratios are used to objectively measure the spatial fidelity of models. In this study, the model candidates include ordinary kriging and Gaussian Process, with and without sequential or correlated random field simulation. A key outcome are recommendations that encompass the FLAGSHIP statistics which examine the fidelity, likelihood, accuracy, goodness, synchronicity, histogram, interval tightness and precision of the model predictive distributions. These statistics are standardised, interpretable and amenable to significance testing. The proposed methods are demonstrated using extensive data from a real copper mine in a grade estimation task, and accompanied by an open-source implementation. The experiments are designed to emphasise data diversity and convey insights, such as the increased difficulty of future-bench prediction (extrapolation) relative to in-situ regression (interpolation). This work presents a holistic approach that enables modellers to evaluate the merits of competing models and employ models with greater confidence by assessing the robustness and validity of probabilistic predictions under challenging conditions.
Microbial carbon use for incorporating biomass phosphorus drives CO2 emission in phosphorus-supplied subtropical forest soils
Authors: Tan Jianghao , Ibrahim Muhammed Mustapha , Lin Huiying , Chang Zhaofeng , Guo Conghui , Li Zhimin , Luo Xianzhen , Lin Yongbiao , Hou Enqing
Published: February 2025

Abstract. Subtropical forests store significant amounts of soil organic carbon (SOC) and are important in the global C cycle. Current understandings based on controlled experiments indicate that phosphorus (P) availability promotes SOC decomposition by alleviating microbial P limitation or rendering SOC available for microbial decomposition. While no alternative mechanism is currently known, it is uncertain if this mechanism holds across soils or P supply levels at the field scale. We formulated an alternative mechanism for acidic subtropical forest soils where organic C (OC) is bound to iron (Fe). Our hypothesis proposed that P supply would promote Fe-bound P formation and desorption of OC previously bound to Fe, and the microbial utilization of the desorbed OC for P-cycling contributes significantly to CO2 emission. We tested our hypotheses by utilizing a forest P addition platform to explore C-dynamics, its regulators, and utilization across four P supply levels: 0, 25, 50, and 100 kg P ha-1 yr-1 (Con, P1, P2, and P3, respectively) for one year. Phosphorus supply significantly increased the periodic and cumulative dissolved OC (DOC) concentration, especially in P3, and was associated with increased iron (Fe)-bound P formation. With increased DOC following P addition, microbial biomass P (MBP) significantly increased, while MBC remained unchanged. The significantly positive relationship between MBP:MBC ratio and DOC, significant increase in MBP and carbon dioxide (CO2) emission with P addition, and the reduction in CO2 emission with increasing MBC:MBP ratio (0–10 cm) supports our results that the desorbed-C alleviated microbial C-limitation induced during P-cycling, particularly, MBP incorporation, to drive CO2 emission. Structural equation modeling and multivariate analyses projected MBP as a critical factor inducing CO2 emission. Besides, insignificant alterations in the relative abundance of C-degrading functional genes and reductions in P- and C-degrading enzyme activity indicated the sufficiency of desorbed OC for microbial use without further SOC degradation. Our study provides an alternative mechanism of P's impact on soil C-cycling processes in acidic subtropical forest soils vital for constraining process-based C models.
Fluorescent aerosol particles in the Finnish sub-Arctic during the Pallas Cloud Experiment 2022 campaign
Authors: Gratzl Jürgen , Brus David , Doulgeris Konstantinos , Böhmländer Alexander , Möhler Ottmar , Grothe Hinrich
Published: February 2025

Abstract. Fluorescent aerosol particles (FAPs) as a fraction of total aerosol particles (TAPs) were measured online with a Wideband Integrated Bioaerosol Sensor 5/NEO (WIBS, Droplet Measurement Technologies) from mid-September to mid-December during the Pallas Cloud Experiment 2022 (PaCE22) at the Sammaltunturi station, located in the sub-Arctic region of Finnish Lapland. The WIBS measures particle size distributions from 0.5 to 30 µm and fluorescence in three channels of single aerosol particles, as well as particle concentrations. Since most biological aerosol particles exhibit intrinsic fluorescence, FAP concentration can be used as a proxy for primary biological aerosol particles (PBAPs) like bacteria, fungal spores and pollen. The concentrations and size distributions of different fluorescent particles, together with meteorological data and air mass trajectories allow valuable insights to the emission of PBAPs from northern boreal forests and their dynamic in the atmosphere. We found a clear seasonal trend for most FAP types and a strong, sudden decrease in concentration after the surrounding ground is covered in snow. Caution should be taken in interpreting the data, as interference may be introduced by non-biological fluorescent particles like secondary organic aerosols or soot, as well as biological secondary organic aerosol. The data is available at the open data repository Zenodo under the doi 10.5281/zenodo.13885888 (Gratzl and Grothe, 2024).
Effect of oral antibiotics after two-stage revision for periprosthetic joint infection on subsequent antibiotic resistance within a national cohort of United States veterans
Authors: Payne Judd , Sutton Jesse D. , Blackburn Brenna E. , Bansod Snehal , Imlay Hannah , Spivak Emily S. , Pupaibool Jakrapun , Gililland Jeremy M. , Certain Laura K.
Published: February 2025

Abstract. Background: Prior studies have indicated that administration of prolonged courses of oral antibiotics after Stage 2 reimplantation surgery for periprosthetic joint infection (PJI) results in a lower rate of recurrent PJI. However, there is concern that this antibiotic usage results in an increased risk of antibiotic resistance in any subsequent PJI that does occur. Methods: We retrospectively reviewed patients who underwent Stage 2 reimplantation surgery for PJI within the national Veterans Affairs hospital system of the United States. We compared those who received at least 2 weeks of oral antibiotics after Stage 2 reimplantation to those who did not. The primary outcome was the proportion of organisms resistant to four classes of antibiotics (tetracyclines, fluoroquinolones, oral beta-lactams, and sulfonamides) in recurrent PJI. Secondary outcomes included recurrent PJI and death. Results: Of the 605 patients who underwent Stage 2 reimplantation for PJI, 154 patients received at least 14 d of antibiotics after surgery and 451 patients did not. Bacteria causing recurrent PJI in patients who received prolonged antibiotics were more likely to be resistant to tetracyclines and trimethoprim–sulfamethoxazole but not oral beta-lactams or fluoroquinolones. There was no difference in risk of recurrent PJI or death between the two groups. Conclusions: Prolonged oral antibiotic treatment after Stage 2 reimplantation increases the risk of antibiotic resistance to some antibiotics in subsequent PJI. We recommend further research to identify the best choice of antibiotic and duration after Stage 2 reimplantation, to maximize benefits while minimizing risks.
Observations of wind farm wake recovery at an operating wind farm
Authors: Krishnamurthy Raghavendra , Newsom Rob K. , Kaul Colleen M. , Letizia Stefano , Pekour Mikhail , Hamilton Nicholas , Chand Duli , Flynn Donna , Bodini Nicola , Moriarty Patrick
Published: February 2025

Abstract. The interplay of momentum surrounding wind farms significantly influences wake recovery, affecting the speed at which wakes return to their freestream velocities. Under stable atmospheric conditions, wind farm wakes can extend over considerable distances, leading to sustained vertical momentum flux downstream, with variations observed throughout the diurnal cycle. Particularly in regions such as the US Great Plains, stable conditions can induce low-level jets (LLJs), impacting wind farm performance and power output. This study examines the implications of wake recovery using long-term observations of vertical momentum flux profiles across diverse atmospheric conditions. In these observations, several key findings were observed, such as (a) LLJ heights being altered downstream of a wind farm, especially when the LLJs are below 250 m above ground level; (b) a notable impact of LLJ height on wake recovery being observed using momentum flux profiles at upwind and downwind locations, wherein LLJs between 250 and 500 m above ground level resulted in larger momentum transfer within the wake (i.e., smaller velocity deficit) compared to LLJs below 250 m above ground level; (c) the largest momentum flux variability being observed during stable atmospheric conditions, with non-negligible variability observed during neutral and unstable atmospheric conditions; (d) detection of wake effects almost always being observed throughout the atmospheric boundary layer height; and finally (e) enhancement of wake recovery being observed in the presence of propagating gravity waves. These insights deepen our understanding of the intricate dynamics governing wake recovery in wind farms, advancing efforts to model and predict their behavior across varying atmospheric contexts. In addition, the performance of large-eddy-simulation-based semi-empirical internal boundary layer height model estimates incorporating real-world atmospheric and turbine inputs was evaluated using observations during LLJ conditions.
HUBUNGAN INISIASI MENYUSU DINI (IMD) TERHADAP LAMANYA PELEPASAN PLASENTA PADA KALA III PERSALINAN DI RUMAH SAKIT ISLAM AR RASYID PALEMBANG
Authors: Purnama Dewi Bela , Handayani Mutmainah , Alfhyna J.R Rinka , Arlina Zakinah
Published: February 2025

Menurut data Riset Kesehatan Dasar (RISKESDAS) 2021, 52,5 persen atau hanya setengah dari 2,3 juta bayi berusia kurang dari enam bulan yang mendapat ASI eksklusif di Indonesia, atau menurun 12 persen dari angka di tahun 2019. Angka inisiasi menyusui dini (IMD) juga turun dari 58,2 persen pada tahun 2019 menjadi 48,6 persen pada tahun 2021. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui hubungan inisiasi menyusu dini terhadap lamanya pengeluaran plasenta pada kala III persalinan di Rumah Sakit Islam Ar Rasyid Palembang. Penelitian ini menggunakan penelitian survei dengan rancangan pendekatan cross sectional. Teknik sampling yang digunakan purposive sampling yaitu menggunakan metode secara acak. Analisis menggunakan uji Statistik Chi-square. Jumlah sampel peneliti sebanyak 79 responden. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian didapatkan bahwa yang melakukan Inisiasi Menyusu Dini (IMD) sebanyak 75 (94,9%) dan Lamanya Pengeluaran Plasenta secara Normal ? 15 menit sebanyak 76 (96,2%), bahwa terdapat hubunngan yang signifikan antaa Inisiasi Menyusu Dini Terhadap Lamanya Pengeluaran Plasenta Pada Kala III Persalinan dengan nilai (p-value = 0,006). Disarankan bagi pihak rumah sakit agar selalu melakukan Inisiasi Menyusu Dini (IMD) agar mengurangi resiko perdarahan.
Assessment of the effect of the probiotic complex «LiquaFid» on the production performance of sows
Authors: Ivanov D. N. , Filatov A. V.
Published: February 2025

The intensity of modern pig farming requires a continuous search for methods to maintain and improve the achieved production indicators and the high health status of animals. The use of various forms of feed additives, including probiotic complexes, can partially solve this problem. Some probiotic strains of bacteria are able to have a preventive effect on the occurrence of pathologies of bacterial or viral origin, they also have a positive effect on the course of metabolic processes of the body. In addition, the use of probiotic complexes in one form or another is less expensive than the use of specific antibacterial or antiviral agents.

Our goal was to study the effect of various doses of the probiotic «LiquaFid» on the reproductive ability of sows before farrowing and during lactation. «LiquaFid» is a probiotic complex based on unique spore strains of Bacillus megaterium B –4801 and Bacillus subtilis 1-85 microbes, externally it is a well-soluble powder in water. For the experiment, 4 groups of analogues (n=34) from sows were formed. The experiment was carried out at a full-cycle enterprise engaged in industrial pig farming. The duration of the experience is 33 days. The probiotic complex was given to animals through a water supply system common to breeding stock and young animals.

Based on the data obtained from the results of the experiment, it was found that the use of the probiotic «LiquaFid» to uterine livestock immediately before farrowing and during lactation reduced the incidence and severity of the course of obstetric pathologies that arose. Thus, the number of postpartum diseases decreased by 5.89% and 14.71% in the experimental groups, and the incidence of mastitis-metritis-agalactia syndrome, against the background of probiotic use, decreased several times. Due to a decrease in the manifestation of symptoms of dysgalactia, the indicator of suckling of sows has also improved. The production indicators of the obtained young animals in the experimental groups also differed in a positive way. The output of "business" piglets increased by 1.34%, 4.69% and 5.53%, while the live weight of piglets by weaning age also increased.