bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Sellado con antibióticos o antisépticos en pacientes pediátricos con nutrición parenteral domiciliaria. Puesta al dí
Authors: Germán Díaz Marta , Moreno Villares José Manuel , Gomis Muñoz Pilar
Published: July 2016

Introducción: la nutrición parenteral domiciliaria se ha convertido en un punto clave en el tratamiento de pacientes con fracaso intestinal crónico. A pesar de los importantes avances que se han producido en las últimas décadas, tanto en los accesos vasculares, como en las soluciones empleadas, las infecciones asociadas a catéter venoso central siguen constituyendo una de las complicaciones más importantes. Dentro de las estrategias para la prevención o el tratamiento de estas infecciones se encuentra el empleo de sellados con antisépticos, como el etanol o la taurolidina, o de antibióticos.Objetivo: el objetivo de este artículo es revisar la evidencia disponible sobre el empleo de sellados con antisépticos o antibióticos en el manejo de pacientes pediátricos con nutrición parenteral domiciliaria.Material y métodos: el uso de sellados con etanol o taurolidina para prevenir el desarrollo de infecciones asociadas a catéter central estaría indicado en pacientes con nutrición parenteral domiciliaria que hayan tenido más de una infección en el año anterior o que se consideren pacientes de riesgo. Los sellados con antibióticos están indicados en el tratamiento de bacteriemias asociadas a catéter central producidas por S. coagulasa-negativo o gramnegativos, asociados a un tratamiento sistémico, siempre que sea posible, con el fin de salvar el catéter. Se debería llevar a cabo la retirada del mismo cuando existan signos de infección del punto de entrada o del trayecto subcutáneo, o cuando el germen responsable de la infección sea S. aureus o Cándida.Conclusión: a pesar de que la fuerza de la evidencia sobre la eficacia del sellado en la prevención o el tratamiento de infecciones asociadas al catéter es limitada, tanto en el niño como en el adulto, cada vez existen más datos a usar esta alternativa en pacientes con nutrición parenteral domiciliaria en los que la atención y salvaguarda de los catéteres es primordial.
Evaluación del estado nutricional al ingreso hospitalario y su asociación con la morbilidad y mortalidad en pacientes mexicanos
Authors: González-Ojeda C. Alejandro
Published: July 2016

Introducción: la desnutrición intrahospitalaria se ha descrito hace más de 70 años como un problema frecuente. En México se reportan cifras de entre el 20% al 50%; sin embargo no se ha estudiado su prevalencia ni su asociación con la morbilidad y mortalidad hospitalaria.Objetivos: evaluar el estado nutricional y su relación con la morbimortalidad hospitalaria en pacientes mexicanos. Métodos: cohorte prospectiva de pacientes que ingresaron en un hospital de referencia para una estancia hospitalaria mayor de 5 días. Se capturó peso, talla, índice de masa corporal (IMC), estado nutricional de acuerdo con la valoración global subjetiva (VGS) a su ingreso y egreso hospitalario, así como diagnóstico médico, complicaciones y mortalidad. Los datos fueron analizados mediante la prueba T de Student, prueba Chi-cuadrado y prueba Exacta de Fisher. Resultados: se incluyeron 610 pacientes en total, con un promedio de edad de 50,8 ± 17,32 años, 267 mujeres (43,8%) y 343 hombres (56,2%). Del total, 154 fueron catalogados con sospecha de desnutrición o desnutrición (pacientes expuestos, 25,2%) y 456 bien nutridos (pacientes no expuestos, 74,8%), con una relación de 1 a 3. La morbilidad total de la cohorte tuvo un RR = 2,70, IC 95 % (2,06-3,55) y la mortalidad con un RR = 2,64, IC 95% (1,74-4,0), siendo ambas estadísticamente significativas (p = 0,001).Conclusiones: el diagnóstico de desnutrición al ingreso hospitalario constituye un factor de riesgo para el desarrollo de complicaciones y mortalidad. Este padecimiento al ingreso en comparación con el paciente que no presenta desnutrición incrementó el riesgo de mortalidad hasta en 2.64 veces.
Adherencia a la dieta mediterránea y su relación con la calidad del desayuno en estudiantes de la Universidad de Murcia
Authors: Navarro-González Inmaculada
Published: July 2016

Introducción y objetivos: la evolución que ha experimentado en los últimos años la sociedad española ha originado una serie de cambios sociológicos y/o culturales que afectan claramente a los hábitos y preferencias alimentarias. El objetivo del presente trabajo ha sido evaluar la adherencia a la dieta mediterránea (DM) de la población universitaria en la ciudad de Murcia y la calidad de su desayuno, estableciendo la relación existente entre estas dos variables entre sí, y otras variables sociológicas analizadas.Métodos: se evaluó la adherencia a la DM en una muestra de 312 estudiantes mediante el test KIDMED, cuestionario de 16 preguntas. La calidad del desayuno fue determinada en función de la ingesta de los distintos grupos de alimentos (lácteos, cereales y frutas), de forma que se establecieron las siguientes categorías de calidad: pésima, mala, regular y buena. De cada encuestado se registraron los datos personales, lugar de origen, zona geográfica y tipo de residencia, sexo, edad, titulación universitaria, curso y las variables antropométricas (peso, altura, perímetro de cintura y cadera).Resultados: la muestra estuvo formada por 238 mujeres y 74 hombres todos ellos estudiantes universitarios de distintos títulos de grado. El 7,85% de los universitarios mostró una baja adherencia a la DM, el 48,4% media y el 43,8% alta. Los estudiantes de grado en Educación Primaria mostraron una mayor adherencia media a la DM; los estudiantes de grado en Enfermería tomaron más de una ración de verdura al día; y los de Ciencia y Tecnología de los Alimentos consumían una pieza de fruta al día. Teniendo en cuenta el sexo de los participantes, el 37,8% de las mujeres tomaban más de una verdura diaria y el 91,5% desayunaba bollería industrial; mientras que el 54,1% de los hombres tomaban frutos secos (al menos 2 o 3 veces por semana) y el 74,5% desayunaba todos los días. El 1,15% de los estudiantes mostró una calidad del desayuno pésima, el 17,65% mala, el 60,65% regular y el 20,45% buena, coincidiendo la buena calidad con el consumo de fruta en esta comida. Además, se observó una asociación significativa entre el tiempo y la calidad del desayuno, ya que aquellos estudiantes que dedicaban más de diez minutos a desayunar tomaban un desayuno de buena calidad.Conclusión: en este estudio se ha visto que la calidad del desayuno está estrechamente relacionada con el grado de adherencia al patrón dietético mediterráneo.
Hábitos de desayuno en estudiantes de primaria y secundaria: posibilidades para la educación nutricional en la escuela
Authors: Díaz Toni
Published: July 2016

Introducción: a pesar de la relevancia nutricional del desayuno para el desarrollo y su asociación a un mejor aprendizaje y rendimiento escolar, numerosos estudios ponen en evidencia que en muchos casos se omite o se hace mal. Objetivo: determinar la calidad del desayuno de estudiantes de entre 10 y 16 años con intención de determinar en qué momento sería conveniente realizar programas educativos sobre la importancia de esta comida y cómo mejorar su calidad.Método: estudio observacional, descriptivo y transversal a partir de un cuestionario con preguntas cerradas acerca de los hábitos de alimentación en el desayuno en estudiantes de educación primaria y secundaria.Resultados y conclusión: solo el 18,5% de los estudiantes realiza un desayuno de buena calidad y su mala calidad va aumentando progresivamente con los cursos y se asocia al hecho de desayunar solo. En ambos niveles educativos los alimentos más consumidos en casa pertenecen al grupo de los lácteos y los cereales, mientras que en el centro escolar, el bocadillo resulta el desayuno más habitual; no obstante se observan diferencias entre primaria y secundaria en cuanto al consumo de fruta y bebidas azucaradas, entre otros. Conclusión: sería interesante valorar la instauración de programas de desayuno escolar incluyendo en ellos no solo a estudiantes de primaria, sino también, y especialmente, a adolescentes pues son estos quienes omiten esta comida en mayor proporción. Las intervenciones deberían orientarse a corregir las desviaciones más habituales observadas en cada uno de los niveles educativos.
Motivación hacia la Educación Física y su relación con la condición física saludable en escolares de Educación Secundaria Obligatoria
Authors: Martínez-Baena Alejandro
Published: July 2016

Introducción: el aumento de la motivación hacia la Educación Física podría resultar un elemento esencial para propiciar un incremento en la condición física saludable de los escolares. La ausencia de estudios en población española hace necesario el desarrollo de esta línea de investigación.Objetivos: el objetivo del presente estudio fue examinar la asociación entre la motivación hacia la Educación Física y los niveles de condición física saludable en adolescentes de Educación Secundaria Obligatoria.Métodos: un total de 294 escolares (167 varones y 127 mujeres), de 13 a 16 años de edad cumplimentaron la versión española de la Escala de Locus Percibido de Causalidad en Educación Física y realizaron las pruebas de condición física saludable de la Batería ALPHA-Fitness de Alta Prioridad. Resultados: los resultados del estudio mostraron una asociación positiva entre tener una alta motivación hacia la Educación Física y presentar una mayor capacidad cardiorrespiratoria, tanto en niños como en niñas (p < 0,05). En cambio, no se encontró una asociación entre la motivación hacia la Educación Física y el sobrepeso o fuerza muscular. Conclusiones: existe una asociación positiva entre la motivación hacia la Educación Física y la capacidad cardiorrespiratoria. Por tanto, con el objetivo de que los alumnos presenten una capacidad cardiorespiratoria saludable, los profesores de Educación Física deberían promover la motivación hacia la Educación Física.
Apology Strategy in English By Native Speaker
Authors: Sari Mezia Kemala
Published: July 2016

This research discussed apology strategies in English by native speaker. This descriptive study was presented within the framework of Pragmatics based on the forms of strategies due to the coding manual as found in CCSARP (Cross-Cultural Speech Acts Realization Project).The goals of this study were to describe the apology strategies in English by native speaker and identify the influencing factors of it. Data were collected through the use of the questionnaire in the form of Discourse Completion Test, which was distributed to 30 native speakers. Data were classified based on the degree of familiarity and the social distance between speaker and hearer and then the data of native will be separated and classified by the type of strategies in coding manual. The results of this study are the pattern of apology strategies of native speaker brief with the pattern that potentially occurs IFID plus Offer of repair plus Taking on responsibility. While Alerters, Explanation and Downgrading appear with less number of percentage. Then, the factors that influence the apology utterance by native speakers are the social situation, the degree of familiarity and degree of the offence which more complicated the mistake tend to produce the most complex utterances by the speaker.
The Effects of Reading Habit and Vocabulary Mastery towards Students’ Listening Skill at State Senior High Schools in East Jakarta
Authors: Frijuniarsi Nurul , Marlianingsih Noni
Published: July 2016

This research was aimed to get empirical data and analyze the effects of reading habit and vocabulary mastery towards student’s speaking skill at private vocational schools in East Jakarta. This research used data analysis technique, those were descriptive statistic, requirement analysis, normality test, linearity test, and test of hypothesis (analysis of inferential). The research was held at State Senior High Schools in East Jakarta. Data collection was done by giving a test for reading habit, vocabulary mastery and listening skill to tenth-grade students at SMA 105 Ciracas and SMA 98 Cijantung. Due to the result, it can be inferred that there is an effect of reading habit towards student’s speaking skill.
Pelatihan dan Pendampingan Pemanfaatan Eceng gondok (Eichornia crassipes) Menjadi Pupuk Kompos Cair Untuk Mengurangi Pencemaran Air dan Meningkatkan Ekonomi Masyarakat Desa Karangkimpul Kelurahan Kaligawe Kecamatan Gayamsari Kotamadya Semarang
Authors: Kusrinah Kusrinah , Nurhayati Alwiyah , Hayati Nur
Published: July 2016

Hyacinth (Eichornia crassipes) is known as one of the weeds that have grown high speed so potentially damaging to the aquatic environment. Presence at the water hyacinth has its own important values associated with the sustainability of aquatic ecosystems, namely as a producer. Community service activities aims to provide training and mentoring utilization of water hyacinth into liquid compost to reduce water pollution and improve the local economy Karangkimpul Village Kaligawe Gayamsari District Semarang City. Location of community service is an area of marsh overgrown with water hyacinth. Community service that has been taken is focused on how simple and appropriate technology can be used by the public through the processing of water hyacinth into products such as liquid compost. The debriefing is given in the form of the theory and practice of composting, packaging and product marketing strategies. Liquid compost product made from the water hyacinth is expected to support the national fertilizer demand and improve people's lives.

Eceng gondok (Eichornia crassipes) dikenal sebagai salah satu gulma yang memiliki kecepatan tumbuh yang tinggi sehingga berpotensi merusak lingkungan perairan. Keberadaan eceng gondok di perairan memiliki nilai penting tersendiri terkait dengan keberlangsungan ekosistem perairan yaitu sebagai produsen. Kegiatan pengabdian masyarakat ini bertujuan untuk memberikan pelatihan dan pendampingan pemanfaatan eceng gondok menjadi pupuk kompos cair untuk  mengurangi pencemaran air dan meningkatkan ekonomi masyarakat Desa Karangkimpul Kelurahan Kaligawe Kecamatan Gayamsari Kota Semarang. Lokasi pengabdian masyarakat merupakan daerah rawa yang banyak ditumbuhi eceng gondok. Pengabdian masyarakat yang telah ditempuh ini menitikberatkan pada bagaimana teknologi sederhana dan tepat guna dapat digunakan oleh masyarakat melalui pengolahan eceng gondok menjadi produk berupa pupuk kompos cair. Pembekalan yang diberikan kepada masyarakat berupa teori dan praktik pembuatan pupuk kompos, pengemasan dan strategi pemasaran produk. Produk pupuk kompos cair berbahan dasar eceng gondok diharapkan dapat mendukung kebutuhan pupuk nasional dan meningkatkan taraf hidup masyarakat Desa Karangkimpul Kecamatan Gayamsari Kota Semarang.
Modified nonlinearities distribution Homotopy Perturbation method as a tool to find power series solutions to ordinary differential equations
Authors: Filobello-Nino Umberto , Vázquez-Leal Héctor , Khan Yasir , Pereyra-Díaz D. , Pérez-Sesma A. , Díaz-Sánchez A.
Published: July 2016

In this article, modified non-linearities distribution homotopy perturbation method (MNDHPM) is used in order to find power series solutions to ordinary differential equations with initial conditions, both linear and nonlinear. We will see that the method is particularly relevant in some cases of equations with non-polynomial coefficients and inhomogeneous non-polynomial terms
Immobilization of PDMS-SiO2-TiO2 composite for the photocatalytic degradation of dye AO-7
Authors: Xu Feigao , Tan Wencheng , Liu Heng , Li Dan , Li Yuexiang , Wang Min
Published: July 2016

Crack-free PDMS-SiO2-TiO2 composite as photocatalyst was prepared for degrading dyes by using thin-film fixed bed reactor. The hydrophobic surface of the photocatalyst loaded with PDMS-SiO2-TiO2 composite could be considered as an extractant for organic pollutants. The effect of different supports including pumice stone, medicinal stone, and fiberglass for photocatalytic efficiency were compared. Under the same condition, it was found that the photocatalytic degradation effect of dyes was best when PDMS-SiO2-TiO2 composite was fixed on pumice stone rather than medicinal stone or fiberglass. Furthermore, when pumice stone was used as the support for PDMS-SiO2-TiO2 composite, the photocatalytic degradation effect of dyes hardly decreased after five cycles.
Wastewater containing Cr(VI) treatment using solar tubular reactor
Authors: Machado Tiele Caprioli , Lansarin Marla Azário
Published: July 2016

The hexavalent chromium, Cr(VI), which is generated in the electroplating process, is toxic to most organisms and potentially harmful to human health. The method generally used for remediation of wastewater containing Cr(VI) employs chemicals with high toxicity. This work proposes an alternative technology for the treatment of these wastewaters, based on photochemical reduction of Cr(VI) by alcohols under radiation, which is environmentally sustainable and economically viable. Initially, a batch reactor in laboratory scale was used to determine the best experimental conditions and its specific reaction rate was calculated. Based on these results, a tubular reactor (artificial radiation and sunlight) was designed and built in semi-pilot scale. Tests were carried out with real wastewater from an electroplating industry containing Cr(VI). Tests conducted under sunlight showed a higher total Cr(VI) reduction than the tests with artificial radiation. The remediation of Cr(VI) from wastewater was 86.7% after 6 h of reaction under sunlight, indicating the high efficiency of the developed process.
Characteristics of GaAs Power MESFETs with Double Silicon Ion Implantations for Wireless Communication Applications
Authors: Zheng Chun-Yi , Chiang Wen-Jung , Lai Yeong-Lin , Chang Edward Y. , Chen Shen-Li , Wang K. B.
Published: July 2016

GaAs power metal-semiconductor field-effect transistors (MESFETs) were fabricated using direct double silicon (Si) ion implantation technology for wireless communication applications. A 150-µm MESFET had a saturation drain current of 238 mA/mm after Si3N4passivation. A 15-mm MESFET, when measured under a class-AB condition with a biased drain voltage of 3.4 V and a quiescent drain current of 600 mA, delivered a maximum output power (Pout) of 31.1 dBm and a maximum power-added efficiency (PAE) of 58.0% at a frequency of 1.88 GHz. The MESFET exhibited aPoutof 29.2 dBm with a PAE of 45.0% at the 1-dB gain compression point. The MESFET, when measured under a deep class-B condition with a biased drain voltage of 4.7 V and a quiescent drain current of 50 mA, achieved a maximumPoutof 33.1 dBm and a maximum PAE of 55.9% at 1.88 GHz. The MESFET operating at 4.7 V and 1.88 GHz exhibited aP1dBof 31.8 dBm and an associated PAE of 47.1% at the 1-dB gain compression point. When tested by IS-95 code-division multiple access (CDMA) standard signals and biased at 4.7 V under the deep class-B condition, the MESFET with aPoutof 28 dBm demonstrated an adjacent channel power rejection (ACPR) of –31.2 dBc at +1.25 MHz apart from the 1.88 GHz center frequency and –45.7 dBc at +2.25 MHz.
The Taste Sensors with Conductivity Measurement
Authors: Chen Hung-Wei , Lee Yi-Mu , Chen Shen-Li
Published: July 2016

There are many types of electrical signal that can be sensed from liquid solution. Among them conductivity signal is more suitable than voltage signal for the study of liquid. Thus, we choose conductivity as the target sense signal for the study of taste sensors. We developed a chemical sensors array with seven chemical sensors. There are two groups in the designed sensors. The first group is mainly made by the material of conductive polymer, the second group is made by the material of bio-mimic. A statistical method call “Principal Component Analysis” (PCA) is used to process the job of classified the tastes. The PCA results show the taste sensors array can distinguish four basic tastes in liquid. The experiment results show that four basic tastes are successful classified by principal component analysis. Six sport drinks are identified and classified in salt area. The results also show that quantities of salt sample can be analyzed by PCA method.
Characteristic Analysis and Applications of Electromagnetic Shielding Materials for Wireless Communications Device
Authors: Lin Han-Nien , Chen Ya-Ying , Tsai Hung-Yun , Lin Min-Shan
Published: July 2016

As the trend of consumer electronics and mobile communications devices is obviously developing toward to miniature and high-speed processing, the problem involving with electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) or radio frequency interference (RFI) is becoming more critical for the system integration of high-speed digital and RF mixed signal platforms. This paper is mainly focusing on the characteristics analysis of various electromagnetic shielding materials by utilizing the various shielding effectiveness (SE) measuring methods developed by TDK and ASTM (ASTM D4935). We also adopt the electromagnetic interference (EMI) testing methods developed by IEC for chip level (IEC 61967-3 and IEC 61967-6) to investigate the characteristics and distribution of EMI noise sources. To effectively shield the electric, magnetic, or electromagnetic field originated from noise source, we thus analyze the shielding capability for various materials with different measuring methods. Finally, we will show the EMI reduction and RF performance improvement with implementation of shielding material on module under investigated. With the systematic measurement and analysis described in this paper, we can further identify the related EMI problem and resolve the severe chip or module level EMC problem more effectively.
To Design a Cascode LNA by Using Channel-Length-Split Device with Constant-gm in a 0.35 μm Silicon CMOS Technology
Authors: Lai Jui-Lin , Lin Ting-You , Tai Cheng-Fang , Chen Rong-Jian
Published: July 2016

In the paper, the folded-cascode low-noise operational amplifier (LNA) with constant-gm is proposed and analyzed. The channel-length split technique adopted to expand ratio of W/L of the differential pair transistor to improve the performance of LNA for the gain bandwidth product, noise and offset voltage. The channel-length split method is separated differential input transistor into 2 transistors in series. The area of the transistor (W, L) can be properly increased to effectively decrease the flick noise. The double indirect-frequency compensation technique and the clamping circuit are adopted in amplifier to increase the bandwidth. The proposed two sets input differential pair can be provided a constant-gm value and rail-to-rail swing during the operating region. The floating-point structure is used to reach rail-to-rail swing at output stage. Simulation results show that the gain, constant-gm in input stag, noise, offset-voltage, PSRR, CMRR and ICMR of amplifier are improved. The characteristics of LNA are successfully verified by the TSMC 0.35um 2P4M CMOS technology. There have a great potential in the VLSI implementation used in the portable electronic and bio-medicine product applications.
Identidades docentes e diferença no discurso de professores de Língua Inglesa em formação inicial
Authors: Baladeli Ana Paula Domingos , Ferreira Aparecida De Jesus , Von Borstel Clarice Nadir
Published: July 2016

Neste artigo discutimos os conceitos de identidades docentes e diferença apartir de um recorte de dados de pesquisa narrativa. A pesquisa foi realizada com um grupo de professores em formação inicial participantes do Programa Institucional de Bolsa de Iniciação à Docência – Pibid. A pesquisa objetivou identificar, nos discursos de seis professores de Língua Inglesa em formação inicial  de  duas  universidades  públicas  do  Paraná,  Brasil,  quais  eram  os sentidos que estes sujeitos constroem sobre a profissão professor. Tal análise foi fundamentada nos Novos Estudos do Letramento e nos estudos sobre identidade, enfatizando a influência das trajetórias escolares na construção de suas  identidades  docentes.  Em  linhas  gerais,  foi  possível  observar  nos discursos dos seis professores a relação entre as trajetórias escolares e os sentidos que constroem sobre o que é ser professor de Língua Inglesa. Os discursos indicaram ainda que as identidades docentes estão em permanente negociação e que a participação em programas de formação profissionalcomo o Pibid tem favorecido o processo de reflexão do grupo sobre si mesmo e sobre a profissão professor.PALAVRAS-CHAVEIdentidades docentes; Diferença; Pibid; Profissão professor ABSTRACTIn this paper we discuss the concepts of teacher identities and differencebased on a selection of data collected during a narrative research study. This research was carried out with a group of six pre-service English teachers who integrated the Pibid, a Brazilian program for teacher professionalization. The aim was to identify meanings for the teacher profession in the discourses of these  teachers  from  two  public  universities  in  Brazil.  The  analysis  was supported by the theoretical framework of New Literacy Studies and identity studies focused on the influence of the school trajectories on their professional identities. In general terms it was possible to observe the relation between school trajectories and the meanings constructed by the pre-service English teachers  about  the  teacher  profession.  The  discourses  exposed  that professional identities are being constantly negotiated and that the opportunity to engage pre-service students in a program such as Pibid has allowed the group  to  reflect  about  themselves  as  teachers  and  about  the  teacher profession.KEYWORDSTeacher identities; Difference; Pibid; Teacher profession
Fundamentos antropológicos do semovimentar: Percepção, movimento e salutogênese
Authors: Cardoso Carlos Luiz , Cunha António Camilo , Kunz Elenor
Published: July 2016

O presente ensaio tem como objetivo expandir o estudo do conceito semovimentar como fundamento para uma Educação Física responsável. Apartir  de  leitura  fenomenológico-hermenêutica,  destacamos  dois  autores centrais  a  respeito  das  bases  antropológicas  do  movimento  humano  no interior da Gestaltkreis. Os resultados apontam que a partir de Viktor von Weizsäcker surgem novos fundamentos para uma intervenção diferenciada na área da saúde, denominada antropologia médica, tendo como eixo central a percepção-movimento. Em seguida, a partir de Paul Christian, emerge a nova compreensão de ser humanoque se-move na e pela intencionalidade. Diante das constatações sugere-se temáticas para a formação de professores e elaboração de projetos escolares, com arranjos didáticos onde crianças e jovens  podem  seguir  o  paradigma  da  salutogênese,  ao  contrário  da hegemônica patogênese. Sugerimos ainda que a meta educacional seja o mundo das relações em níveis salutarese que o eixo seja o sentido de vida em movimento.PALAVRAS-CHAVEEducação Física; Antropologia médica; Percepção-movimento; Se-movimentar ABSTRACTThe present essay aims to expand the study of self-motionconcept as thebasis  for  responsible  Physical  Education.  From  a phenomenologicalhermeneutic  reading,  it  is  worth  highlighting  two  primary  authors  on  the anthropological  bases  of  human  movement  within  the  Gestaltkreis.  From Viktor von Weizsäcker, results show that there are new foundations for a differentiated intervention in the healtharea called medical anthropology, and with the central axis in perception-movement. Then, from Paul Christian, a new understanding of the human being that moves in the intentionality emerges. Given these findings, it is possible to suggest topics for teachers’ training and for the development of school projects, with didactic arrangements wherechildren  and  youth  may  follow  the  paradigm  of  salutogenesis,  unlike  the hegemonic pathogenesis. Also, it is worth suggesting that the educational goal can be the relationships in the world at healthy levels, and the axis may be the sense of lifein movement.KEYWORDSPhysical Education, Medical anthropology; Perception-movement; self-motion
PENINGKATAN KETERAMPILAN BERBICARA SISWA DENGAN METODE KOOPERATIF JIGSAW DI KELAS 4 SDN 1 JIMBUNG KLATEN
Authors: Janattaka Nugrananda , Ghufron Anik
Published: July 2016

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan keterampilan berbicara siswa dengan menerapkan metode Jigsaw. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian tindakan kelas. Subjek penelitian ini adalah siswa kelas 4 yang berjumlah 32 siswa. Pengumpulan data dalam penelitian ini dilakukan melalui teknik observasi, dan dokumentasi. Instrumen yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah lembar observasi guru, lembar obsrvasi siswa,dan dokumentasi. Data hasil observasi guru dan siswa dianalisis secara deskriptif kuantitatif. Indikator keberhasilan dalam penelitian ini yaitu ketuntasan belajar siswa dalam keterampilan berbicara mencapai 75%. Penelitian ini menunjukan bahwa penggunaan metode jigsaw dapat meningkatkan keterampilan berbicara siswa kelas 4 SD Negeri 1 Jimbung Klaten. Dari aktivitas pratindakan sampai dengan Siklus II mengalami peningkatan. Persentase ketuntasan pada pratindakan, jumlah siswa yang tuntas sebanyak 16 siswa atau sebesar 50%, kemudian mengalami peningkatan pada Siklus I menjadi 22 siswa dengan persentase ketuntasan sebesar 68% dan pada Siklus II mengalami peningkatan menjadi 29 siswa dengan persentase 90,62%.
Kata Kunci: keterampilan berbicara, metode jigsaw
PERBEDAAN PRESTASI BELAJAR MATEMATIKA SISWA DITINJAU DARI GAYA BELAJAR DAN MODEL PEMBELAJARAN
Authors: Amin Alimah , Suardiman Siti Partini
Published: July 2016

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk: (1) mengetahui perbedaan prestasi belajar matematika siswa antara siswa dengan gaya belajar auditorial, visual, dan kinestetik, dan siswa yang memperoleh pembelajaran TGT dan NHT, (2) mengetahui mana yang lebih baik prestasi belajar matematika siswa dengan menggunakan TGT atau NHT.Sampel dari enam Sekolah Dasar (SD) yang terdiri atas kelas IV sebanyak 92 siswa ditentukan dengan cluster random sampling. Pengumpulan dara dilakukan dengan menggunakan angket gaya belajar dan tes prestasi belajar. Teknik analisis data yang digunakan adalah statistik deskriptif, one way anova, uji independent t test.Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa: (1) tidak terdapat perbedaan prestasi belajar matematika antara siswa dengan gaya belajar auditorial, visual, dan kinestetik pada pembelajaran TGT dan NHT, serta ada perbedaan prestasi belajar matematika siswa antara siswa yang memperoleh pembelajaran TGT dan siswa yang memperoleh pembelajaran NHT, (2) prestasi belajar matematika dengan model pembelajaran TGT lebih baik dari pada model pembelajaran NHT. Siswa SD masih senang bermain, sehingga tidak dominan dengan satu gaya belajar. Pembelajaran TGT bisa meningkatkan prestasi belajar matematika siswa karena siswa dituntut lebih aktif mulai dari diskusi sampai turnamen.

Kata kunci: prestasi belajar, gaya belajar, TGT, NHT

 

THE DIFFERENCES IN MATHEMATICS LEARNING ACHIEVEMENT SEEN FROM LEARNING STYLES AND LEARNING MODEL

Abstract

This study aims to: (1) know the difference between mathematics learning achievement of students with auditory, visual, and kinesthetic learning styles and receiving TGT and NHT learning (2) know which one has higher mathematics achievement between students who is TGT or NHT.92 students of grade IV from 6 elementary schools were taken as samples using cluster random sampling technique. Data collection was done by using learning style questionnaires and learning achievement tests. The data analysis technique used was statistics descriptive, one way anova, independent t test.The results of this study indicate that: (1) there is no difference in mathematics achievement between students with auditory, visual, and kinesthetic learning style, (2) the are differences in mathematics achievement between students who received TGT learning and students who received NHT, (3) students with TGT learning model have higher mathematics learning achievement than those with NHT. Elementary school students still love to play, so they are not dominant with one learning style. TGT learning can improve students’' mathematics achievement as students demanded to be active from the discussion to the tournament.
Keywords: achievement, learning styles, TGT, NHT
Left atrial appendage closure with Watchman device in prevention of thromboembolic complications in patients with atrial fibrillation: First experience in Serbia
Authors: Nedeljkovic Milan , Beleslin Branko , Tesic Milorad , Vujisic-Tesic Bosiljka , Vukcevic Vladan , Stankovic Goran , Stojkovic Sinisa , Orlic Dejan , Potpara Tatjana , Mujovic Nebojsa , Marinkovic Milan , Petrovic Olga , Grygier Marek , Protopopov Alexey , Kanjuh Vladimir , Asanin Milika
Published: July 2016

Introduction. Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the major cause ofstroke, particularly in older patients over 75 years of age. EuropeanSociety of Cardiology guidelines recommend chronic anticoagulationtherapy in patients with atrial fibrillation ifCHA2DS2-VASc score is ? 1 (CHA2DS2-VASc score for estimatingthe risk of stroke in patients with non-rheumatic AFconsisting of the first letters of patients condition: C ? congestiveheart failure; H ? hypertension; A2 ? age ? 75 years; D ?diabetes mellitus; S2 ? prior stroke, transitory ischaemic attack(TIA) or thrombolism; V ? vascular disease; A ? age 65?74years; Sc ? sex category). However, a significant number of patientshave a high bleeding risk, or are contraindicated forchronic oral anticoagulation, and present a group of patients inwhom alternative treatment options for thromboembolic preventionare required. Transcatheter percutaneous left atrial appendageclosure (LAAC) devices have been recommended inpatients with contraindications for chronic anticoagulanttherapy. Case report. We present our first three patients withnonvalvular AF and contraindications for chronic anticoagulanttherapy who were successfully treated with implantation ofLAAC Watchman device in Catheterization Laboratory of theClinic for Cardiology, Clinical Center of Serbia in BelgradeConclusion. Our initial results with Watchman LAAC deviceare promising and encouraging, providing real alternative in patientswith non-valvular AF and contraindication for chronicanticoagulant therapy and high bleeding risk.
Change in the incidence and anatomic distribution of colorectal adenoma and cancer over a period of 20 years: A single center experience
Authors: Milovanovic-Alempijevic Tamara , Nikolic Vladimir , Zec Simon , Veljkovic Aleksandar , Sokic-Milutinovic Aleksandra , Pavlovic-Markovic Aleksandra , Matovic Vera , Popovic Dusan , Milosavljevic Tomica
Published: July 2016

Background/Aim. In recent years, many studies have demonstrated a proximal shift in the distribution of adenomas and colorectal cancers. The aim of this study was to investigate whether there are differences in the incidence and anatomical distribution of adenomas and colorectal cancers spanning a 20 year time gap. Methods. We performed a retrospective observational study of colorectal adenomas and cancers diagnosed during total colonoscopy in a high volume tertiary care facility in two 1-year periods of time ? 1990 and 2010. Results. During the analyzed period, 4,048 colonoscopies were performed, 1,148 were performed in 1990 and 2,900 were done in 2010. The study included 466 patients with adenomas and 121 patients with colorectal cancers. Frequency of proximal adenoma changed from 16.5% to 32.7% (p < 0.001). By analyzing colonoscopies in 2010, an increase in the incidence of adenomas compared to 1990 was noticed. The number of adenomas sized 0?5 mm rose from 32.8% to 56.9% (p < 0.001). Frequency of colon carcinoma changed from 5.3% to 2.0% (p < 0.001). Incidence of cancers in the proximal colon rose from 21.3% to 48.4% (p = 0.002). A higher incidence of cancers in the proximal colon and a lower incidence of distal cancers were observed, while no difference was observed in the incidence of rectal cancers. Conclusion. Presence of proximal colon adenoma and cancer is higher, while the overall incidence of colon cancer is lower. This finding should be taken into account when planning the screening for colorectal cancer.
The relationship between adiposity parameters and C-reactive protein values in overweight and obese women
Authors: Mraovic Tatjana , Radakovic Sonja , Ristic-Medic Danijela , Dincic Dragan , Tepsic-Ostojic Vesna , Cairovic Aleksandra , Miljanovic Gora , Radjen Slavica
Published: July 2016

Background/Aim. Overweight/obesity has become important health problem in developed countries. It may be related to a presence of low-grade inflammation in white adipose tissue. The aim of this study was to investigate the levels of inflammatory marker C-reactive protein (CRP) and its relation to anthropometric parameters in overweight and obese females. Methods. This study included 200 apparently healthy, overweight and obese women (18?45 years). Their standard and alternative anthropometric parameters [body mass index (BMI), percentage of fat (%F), waist circumference (WC), waist-to-hip ratio (WHR), waist-to-height ratio (WHtR), body adiposity index (BAI)] were determined and correlated to serum CRP concentration. Results. Average CRP level was 5.56 ? 2.43 mg/L, and it significantly positively correlated to all investigated anthropometric parameters. There was significant difference between overweight and obese group in all investigated anthropometric parameters, as well as in CRP values. When investigated separately, according to BMI, values regarding obese females showed significant correlation between CRP and every investigated anthropometric parameter. In overweight subjects, no such correlation was recorded. In the obese group, all investigated parameters were significantly related to F. In overweight subjects, body weight (BW), BMI, WC and WHtR showed significant relation to F. Conclusion. The significant difference between the overweight and obese group in all parameters of central obesity was found as well as in the CRP levels. In the obese group, we found strong correlation between adiposity measured by fat percentage and parameters of central obesity, while in the overweight group WHR and BAI did not correlate to fat percentage. Our results confirmed that CRP is a valuable marker of metabolic risk in obese females, and BMI, although not so new, is still reliable parameter of adiposity.
Nonsurgical treatment of skeletal anterior open bite in adult patients: Posterior build-ups
Authors: Vela-Hernández Arturo , López-García Rocio , García-Sanz Verónica , Paredes-Gallardo Vanessa , Lasagabaster-Latorre Felicidad
Published: July 2016

Objective: To (1) evaluate the efficacy of build-ups in the correction of anterior open bite in adults, (2) evaluate their efficacy in producing molar intrusion, (3) analyze skeletal and dental changes, and (4) assess the long-term stability.

Materials and Methods: The sample consisted of 93 lateral cephalograms from 31 patients with skeletal and dental anterior open bite. The patients had received orthodontic treatment consisting of bonded resin blocks on the maxillary molars combined with Tip-Edge Plus bracket appliances. Cephalometric measurements were performed on radiographs taken before treatment (T1), after treatment (T2), and after a retention period (T3), which were analyzed and compared.

Results: Significant dental and skeletal changes were observed after treatment. Molar intrusion averaging 1 mm; 1.44 and 1.57 mm extrusion of mandibular and maxillary incisors, respectively; and a mean of 3.98 mm overbite increase were observed. The mandibular plane angle showed a mean closure of 1.19°, and there was a mean decrease in anterior facial height of 0.7 mm. A mild relapse tendency was observed, but long-term stability was acceptable.

Conclusions: Build-ups are an effective treatment alternative for anterior open bite in adults. Outcomes remain significantly stable during the retention period.
Insulin Resistance, Microbiota, and Fat Distribution Changes by a New Model of Vertical Sleeve Gastrectomy in Obese Rats
Authors: Basso Nicola , Soricelli Emanuele , Castagneto-Gissey Lidia , Casella Giovanni , Albanese Davide , Fava Francesca , Donati Claudio , Tuohy Kieran , Angelini Giulia , La Neve Federica , Severino Anna , Kamvissi-Lorenz Virginia , Birkenfeld Andrea L. , Bornstein Stefan , Manco Melania , Mingrone Geltrude
Published: July 2016

Metabolic surgery improves insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes possibly because of weight loss. We performed a novel sleeve gastrectomy in rats that resects ∼80% of the glandular portion, leaving the forestomach almost intact (glandular gastrectomy [GG]) and compared subsequent metabolic remodeling with a sham operation. GG did not affect body weight, at least after 10 weeks; improved hepatic and peripheral insulin sensitivity likely through increased Akt, glycogen synthase kinase 3, and AMPK phosphorylation; and reduced ectopic fat deposition and hepatic glycogen overaccumulation. Body adipose tissue was redistributed, with reduction of intraabdominal fat. We found a reduction of circulating ghrelin levels, increased GLP-1 plasma concentration, and remodeling of gut microbiome diversity characterized by a lower relative abundance of Ruminococcus and a higher relative abundance of Lactobacillus and Collinsella. These data suggest that at least in rat, the glandular stomach plays a central role in the improvement of insulin resistance, even if obesity persists. GG provides a new model of the metabolically healthy obese phenotype.
''Ripening'' Tobacco with the Ethylene-Releasing Agent 2-Chloroethylphosphonic Acid
Authors: Steffens G.L. , Alphin J.G. , Ford Z.T.
Published: July 2016

Treatment of flue-cured tobacco with the ethylene releasing agent 2-chloroethylphosphonic acid (CEPA) caused mature leaves to lose their green colour and turn yellow. The treated leaves appeared to go through a partial "yellowing'' or "colouring" phase prior to harvest. Treated leaves at harvest contained greater amounts of reducing sugars and lower levels of starch, relative to comparable untreated leaves. At the end of the curing process, comparisons between treated and untreated leaf showed that only small differences existed in total nitrogen, total alkaloids, starch, and reducing sugars. Statistically, protein of leaf treated with CEPA was significantly lower as compared to untreated leaf. For all yellowing times, dollar values per hundred weight of cured leaf from treated plants were higher than from untreated plants, but the average weight per leaf from treated plants was lower. During the curing process, leaf treated with CEPA can probably be subjected to shorter periods of yellowing or colouring than untreated leaf. If further work with "ripening'' chemicals such as CEPA show that they can be used to hasten yellowing or ripen tobacco successfully, as well as to reduce the time required for curing the crop, economic advantages are likely to accrue. It is to be hoped that such chemicals may help reduce the labour and investment required for crop production, and at the same time improve crop quality
Tobacco Chemistry. 3: Unsaturated Hydrocarbon Constituents of Greek Tobacco
Authors: Appleton R.A. , Enzell C.R. , Kimland B.
Published: July 2016

Tobacco from Serres, Greece, has been studied with respect to the content of unsaturated hydrocarbons. The isolation of these constituents involved as a key step distillation with the aid of a new technique using carbon dioxide as carrier gas and total condensation of this and the distillate at liquid nitrogen temperature. In addition to the main constituent, neophytadiene, the unsaturated hydrocarbon fraction was shown to contain a series of aromatic compounds. These were examined by means of gas chromatography on capillary columns and also by gas chromatography in combination with mass spectrometry. Fractions were examined before and after elimination of smaller amounts of accompanying olefinic material with the aid of osmium tetroxide. The aromatic constituents were found to be alkylated benzene and naphthalene derivatives, of which many have been identified unambiguously. The vast majority of these have not previously been encountered in tobacco. Several have, however, been detected in smoke and the present results therefore show that these compounds are not necessarily formed solely in the pyrolysis process
The Determination of Tobacco Additives1st Report: A Method for the Qualitative and Quantitative Determination of Vanillin, Ethylvanillin, Coumarin and Dihydrocoumarin in Tobacco and Tobacco Products/Zur Bestimmung von Tabakadditiven: 1. Mitteilung: Eine Methode zur qualitativen und quantitativen Bestimmung von Vanillin, Aethylvanillin, Cumarin und Dihydrocumarin in Tabak und Tabakerzeugnissen
Authors: Nesemann E. , Seehofer F.
Published: July 2016

A screening method has been developed for the qualitative and quantitative determination of vanillin, ethylvanillin, coumarin and dihydrocoumarin. The compounds are qualitatively determined by thin-layer chromatography after extraction of tobacco and purification of the extract. The quantitative determination is made by gas chromatography: Coumarin and dihydrocoumarin are determined directly and vanillin and ethylvanillin after silylation in the form of trimethylsilyl derivatives. Detection limit: thin-layer chromatography = 1 µg, gas chromatography = 0.02 µg. The coefficient of variation of the results obtained amounts to 2.4 % for vanillin and to 6.7 % for coumarin
Chemical Studies on Tobacco Smoke. XIII. Inhibition of the Pyrosyntheses of Several Selective Smoke Constituents
Authors: Rathkamp G. , Hoffmann D.
Published: July 2016

Earlier studies demonstrated that polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) are selectively reduced in the smoke of alkali nitrate rich tobaccos. We hypothesized, therefore, that in the burning cone of a tobacco product, the non-volatilized organic compounds are partially pyrolyzed to C,H-radicals that may combine with each other and form, among others, the thermodynamically favoured PAH. Since we have in the burning cone of nitrate rich tobaccos an excess of thermically activated nitrogen oxides, we assumed that these may react as scavengers for C,H-radicals and, with it, partially inhibit the PAH pyrosynthesis. The present study was designed to challenge our working hypothesis. For the experiments we employed cigarettes to which we had added various amounts of KNO3 (0, 2.5, 5.0, 7.0 and 8.0 %). As expected, the yields of nitromethane, nitroethane, and nitrobenzene in the smoke increased with the increased of nitrate in the tobacco and the yields of phenanthrene, benz[a]anthracene, and benz[a]pyrene decreased. The concentration of naphthalene was only to a minor degree reduced with the increase of nitrates in the tobacco. One explanation for this observation could be that naphthalenes are primarily formed from specific tobacco terpenes, as suggested in the literature. As was expected, the smoke yields of N-unsubstituted and N-alkylated indoles was relatively little affected by the increase in the nitrate content, since these agents are predominantly formed from tryptophan. It was our objective to contribute to the understanding of the pyrosynthesis of carcinogenic PAH and the selective reduction of PAH in the smoke of nitrate rich tobacco. With the increase of our knowledge in this area we may also find an explanation for the reduced tumorigenicity of condensates from nitrate rich tobaccos