bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Emostemmer: An Effective Program for Determining Emotions in Russian Using N-grams (Emotiograms)
Authors: Abbasi M. M. , Beltyukov A. P.
Published: December 2021

Emotions and the analysis of their expression in texts is a topic of growing interest in recent years. Researchers are trying to create an intelligent machine that can not only read the text, but also determine its emotional state. The results obtained can be used to prepare the machine for future predictions of the emotional orientation of texts, their authors and readers. This text analysis can also be used to get feedback from people about a product or service, reaction to an event or government policy, etc. It includes syntactic as well as semantic text analysis. Parsing consists of identifying words that represent emotions in a text. For its identification, the stemmer plays an important role - the stem or root of the word. In many languages of the Romano-Germanic group, the identification of words representing emotions is much easier than in Russian, since one word represents emotion regardless of grammatical forms and genders. While for a language such as Russian, where the ending of an emotionally charged word changes depending on the genus, species, etc., the analysis becomes more complex. There are different methods of defining emotions in a text. This work focuses on identifying emotions from the text while limiting the complexity of the algorithm by requiring a minimum amount of memory and time. We have created the Emostemmer program, which is an N-gram stemmer (in which letters from words are grouped in a sequence of 2 letters, 3 letters… ..N letters called N-grams) to identify words that represent emotions in the text. The performance of Emostemmer versus RuSentiLex was determined by training and testing a support vector machine classifier with both algorithms. The results of the work are described in detail below in the “Methodology” and “Discussion” sections.
Acceptable Residual Stresses Value Criteria for Rail Stress State
Authors: Tapkov K. A.
Published: December 2021

According to simulating and experimental research, the negative linear relation between the level of residual stresses, assessed by the method of acoustic tensometry, and the divergence of the notch in the rail cut in accordance with clause 7.14 of GOST 51685-2013, was found. The correlation coefficient is 0.94. It was determined by the method of regression analysis that the sensitivity of inclination of the notch is the same for different rail casts with account of the measuring errors and it is minus 0.032, but the constant component of the expression is different for different casts of the rail. The constant component should be assessed according to the results of the tests of residual stresses by destructive methods (cutting the rail) in accordance with 7.14 GOST 51685-2013. After evaluating the constant component for each of the rail casts, the dependence can be obtained that describes the notch divergence depending on the level of the measured residual stresses. When the descrepancy of the notch does not exceed 2 mm, the stress state of the rail is acceptable by GOST 51685-2013; the predicted notch discrepancy of the notch is calculated according to the dependence given in the paper. Experimental evaluation of residual stresses was carried out using the EMA method of wave input-reception and the acoustoelasticity effect. Mathematical modeling was carried out by the finite element method using the Comsol Multiphysics environment. The size of the finite elements is adaptive, the size of the element ranges from 0.2 mm to 3 mm. To simulate residual stresses, distributed loads with a gradient character were applied to the rail, selected so that at a given level of stress across the rail elements, the stress transition had a smooth character.
Shooting Simulator «Inhibitor»: Mathematical Support for Subsonic Weapon Ballistics
Authors: Egorov S. F.
Published: December 2021

The mathematical support for calculation of external ballistics for subsonic weapons is described taking into account external factors for the tactical optical-electronic simulator for small arms "Inhibitor" developed at the Institute of mechanics UdmFRC UB RAS and at Computer facilities department of Kalashnikov ISTU jointly with JSC «Kalashnikov» Concern». The tactical and technical assignment is given for ballistic calculation of the trajectory and point of hit of subsonic simulators of PM weapon and GP-25 with the laser emitter of the targeting point taking into account external factors: position of the sighting bar of all types of sights (mechanical, optical, night) with the procedure of their preliminary sighting (transformation of coordinates of the laser spot into coordinates of the visual targeting point), features of the mounted trajectories of the GP-25 (air pressure drop with the height of the trajectory), air temperature and pressure, wind force, ballistic scattering minus the hardware error of the sighting point recorder (geometric subtraction of independent random errors). Mathematical models of external ballistics implemented in the software relying on the aiming angle of the weapon simulator, the initial speed and ballistic coefficient of various types of ammunition in real time in the simulator coordinate system make up a ballistic trajectory in order to solve the “meeting problem”. Results of software tests for the error in the calculation of ballistic trajectory characteristics are given. It was concluded that further research and development of electronic shooting simulators were promising thanks to the improvement of computing tools and the development of software libraries in order to increase the accuracy of simulating external ballistics of simulators taking into account many external factors, expand functional networks and reduce cost and, therefore, increase competitiveness.
Virtual Laboratory for Studying and Programming Stm32 Microcontrollers
Authors: Kuznetsov K. S. , Tarasov V. G.
Published: December 2021

Currently, the design of platforms based on microcontrollers is a very promising direction due to their reduction in cost and increase in the performance of circuits. Microcontrollers are installed in industrial equipment, smartphones and audio players, video equipment, and much more. The paper provides the theoretical foundations for working with microcontrollers of the STM32 series, their purpose, system architecture, software model, as well as the features of the ARM Cortex M3 core. 32-bit core has many advantages, but the main one is its versatility. The structure of a software and hardware complex for studying and programming microcontrollers located on a remote server using the step-by-step debugging mode is described. The paper also discusses the features of writing programs for microcontrollers of the STM32 series. The virtual laboratory is a platform for the visual study of microcontrollers and the Assembler programming language. The system allows you to program, flash and debug microcontrollers without purchasing them. The user can test a code on a real device and view memory areas, registers and other debugging information in real time, as well as watch all changes in peripheral devices using video broadcast. The GDB GUI web interface allows you not to install additional applications, but to debug the program right in the browser. All kinds of sensors and indicators can be connected to the system, with which the user can work. Examples of programs written in the Assembler programming language are given to demonstrate the work of a virtual laboratory. The proposed platform can be integrated into a training course for learning the Assembler programming language.
Effect of Spraying Glyphosate Herbicide on Solanum elaeagnifolium in Uncultivated Fields and on Physicochemical and Biological Soil Characteristics
Authors:   Faculty of Agriculture, Department of Plant Protection,Damascus University, Syria, Bakkour Faten , Meamar Anwar ,   Faculty of Agriculture, Department of Plant Protection,Damascus University, Syria, El- Naser Zakaria ,   Faculty of Agriculture, Department of Plant Protection, Damascus  University, Syria
Published: December 2021

Bakkour, F., A. El-Meamar and Z. El-Naser. 2021. Effect of Spraying Glyphosate Herbicide on Solanum elaeagnifolium in Uncultivated Fields and on Physicochemical and Biological Soil Characteristics. Arab Journal of Plant Protection, 39(4): 296-308. https://doi.org/10.22268/AJPP-39.4.296308 Glyphosate herbicide is used in uncultivated fields infested with Solanum elaeagnifolium plants several times a year in all Syrian governorates by the Ministry of Agriculture. This research aimed to study the effect of repeated spraying of glyphosate in uncultivated fields in five different locations in the Syrian governorates, Deir Ezzor (Tebni), Aleppo (Dakwani), Hama (Bostan AL-Omahat), Homs (ALZahoria) and Rural Damascus (Bohter) during the period 2017-2020, on the physiochemical and biological characteristics of the treated soils. Herbicide residues were measured in the leaves of the treated Solanum elaeagnifolium plants and in the soils surrounding the roots of the Solanum elaeagnifolium plants. It was found that the repetition of the pesticide spray 3 and 6 times during the study period did not alter the physical composition, salinity, pH and calcium carbonate content in all study locations. Whereas, spraying glyphosate 3 and 6 times increased the percentage of organic matter and phosphorus available, with a significant difference with the control. The values of available phosphorous after 6 pesticide spray applications reached 176, 203, 196, 227 and 205 mg/kg of soil in Deir Ezzor, Aleppo, Hama, Homs and Rural Damascus, respectively. In addition, repeated spraying with glyphosate of the treated soils led to increase the average general bacteria and fungi populations. These indicators were increased with the increase in the number of pesticide sprays applied. Furthermore, the pesticide residues increased in the soil and Solanum elaeagnifolium leaves with the increase in number of pesticide sprays. Pesticide residue values after 6 sprays were 1.72, 3.53, 4.89, 4.43 and 2.29 mg/kg of soil in Deir Ezzor, Aleppo, Hama, Homs and Rural Damascus locations, respectively. Keywords: Glyphosate, S. elaeagnifolium, residues, microorganisms, soil.
Effect of Tomato Yellow Leaf Curl Virus Infection on Some Growth Indicators of Pepper Hybrids Grown Under Plastic House Conditions in Lattakia Governorate, Syria
Authors:   Faculty of Agriculture, Department of Plant Protection,Teshreen University, Lattikia,Syria, Hamdan Reem , Ismail Imad ,   Faculty of Agriculture, Department of Plant Protection,Teshreen University, Lattikia,Syria, Akel Insaf ,   General Commission for Agricultural Scientific research, Latikkia, Syria
Published: December 2021

Hamdan, R.S., I.D. Ismail and I. Akel. 2021. Effect of Tomato Yellow Leaf Curl Virus Infection on Some Growth Indicators of Pepper Hybrids Grown Under Plastic House Conditions in Lattakia Governorate, Syria. Arab Journal of Plant Protection, 39(4): 309-316. https://doi.org/10.22268/AJPP-39.4.309316 This study aimed to evaluate the effect of Tomato yellow leaf curl virus (TYLCV) infection on some growth parameters of several pepper hybrids grown under protected cultivation along the Syrian coast. Four pepper hybrids (Capsicum annum) were tested, two hot (Lahab, Sirad) and two sweet (Nevada, Dallas) peppers. The research was carried out during the 2020-2021 growing season in a plastic house at the Agriculture Scientific Research Center in Lattakia, using a randomized complete block design, with 8 treatments, three replicates and 5 plants per replicate. The results obtained showed that the sweet pepper hybrids (Nevada, Dallas) were more sensitive to infection with Tomato yellow leaf curl virus than the hot pepper hybrids (Lahab, Sirad), without significant differences among them. The pepper hybrid Nevada did not show any apparent symptoms, and the effect of the virus on some growth parameters (number flowers, flower setting, and the leaf surface area) was evident in comparison with other hybrids, but the differences were not significant. The Dallas, Sirad and Lahab pepper hybrids showed visible symptoms in response to infection with infection rate of 93.33%, 80% and 80%, respectively. The effect of virus infection on the growth parameters of these hybrids was variable. The reduction in the flowers number of Nevada, Dallas, Cirad and Lahab after 45 days of infection was 33%, 31.10%, 10.23% and 5.07%, respectively, and also with a reduction in the number of flowers setting of 77.39%, 20.87%, 23.33% and 66.68%, respectively. The same was true for the leaf surface area, where reduction rate for the Nevada, Dallas, Sirad and Lahab hybrids 30 days after infection was 48.17%, 53.06%, 16.45% and 36.6%, respectively. Keywords: Tomato yellow leaf curl virus, pepper hybrids, growth parameter, host resistance, protected agriculture.
Susceptibility Assessment of Two Tomato Hybrids Against Tuta absoluta Infestation Under Greenhouse Conditions
Authors:   Pests and Plant Protection Department, Agricultural & Biological Research Institute, National Research Centre, 33 El-Buhouth St., Dokki, Giza, Postal Code 12622, Egypt, Abdel-Razek Atef S. , Abd El-Ghany Nesreen M. ,   Pests and Plant Protection Department, Agricultural & Biological Research Institute, National Research Centre, 33 El-Buhouth St., Dokki, Giza, Postal Code 12622, Egypt, Gesraha Mohamed A. ,   Pests and Plant Protection Department, Agricultural & Biological Research Institute, National Research Centre, 33 El-Buhouth St., Dokki, Giza, Postal Code 12622, Egypt, Elewa Tarek A. ,   Field Crops Research Department, Agriculture and Biological Institute, National Research Centre, 33 El-Buhouth St., Dokki, Giza, Postal Code 12622, Egypt, Moussa Abdelhameed ,   Pests and Plant Protection Department, Agricultural & Biological Research Institute, National Research Centre, 33 El-Buhouth St., Dokki, Giza, Postal Code 12622, Egypt
Published: December 2021

Abdel-Razek, A.S., N.M. Abd El-Ghany, M.A. Gesraha, T.A. Elewa and A. Moussa. 2021. Susceptibility Assessment of Two Tomato Hybrids Against Tuta absoluta Infestation Under Greenhouse Conditions. Arab Journal of Plant Protection, 39(4): 317-322. https://doi.org/10.22268/AJPP-39.4.317322 Tuta absoluta is a major insect pest which attack tomato plant varieties in Egypt. Several control attempts were carried out to avoid major crop losses by heavy application of chemical insecticides. The aim of the present study is to assess the susceptibility of infestation of T. absoluta of two tomato varieties (Shifa and Savera F1 hybrids) under greenhouse conditions. The tomato varieties were planted in two plantation periods at the district of Kom Hamada, El-Nubaria province, El-Behira Governorate. The susceptibility tests were done by random counting of leaf samples for the presence of T. absoluta mines and larvae. Both tomato varieties showed almost the same T. absoluta infestation level. Moreover, yield assessment was carried out for the two plantation periods by taking the average fruit weight yield (Kg/acre). The tomato yield results showed that Savera F1 hybrid tomato had higher yield compared to Shifa F1 hybrid variety, but such difference was not significant, However, the yield difference of both vireties between the two planting dates was significant. Keywords: Tomato, Tuta absoluta, susceptibility, leaf-mine, larvae, yield.
Grammatical patterns in the corpus-driven “Lexical Database of Lithuanian”
Authors:   Vytautas Magnus University, Bielinskienė Agnė , Kovalevskaitė Jolanta , Rimkutė Erika
Published: December 2021

This paper describes the grammatical patterning of two parts of speech – nouns and adjectives – included in the corpus-driven “Lexical Database of Lithuanian” as a foreign language. The lexical database is a lexicographic application of the Lithuanian Pedagogic Corpus (approx. 620.000 tokens) which was used to develop headword lists and to collect word usage information in the form of corpus patterns. In this project, we adopted a partially automated inductive procedure of Corpus Pattern Analysis for 207 verbs, 386 nouns, 87 adjectives, and 41 adverbs. The detected corpus patterns reflect different meanings of the headword. Each pattern presents information on grammatical, semantic, and lexical levels. Manually selected examples illustrate all pattern components. In this paper, 673 patterns with nouns and 99 patterns with adjectives will be analysed discussing their syntactic behaviour in detail and providing some comments on lexis-grammar interface. The majority of patterns with nouns and adjectives are minimal patterns which include only the closest syntactical partners. This result is influenced by different procedures used to describe patterns with nouns, adjectives, and adverbs and patterns with verbs. Due to rich grammatical information, there are several similar patterns with one main (usually the most frequent) type and its variants. Pattern variants show that the grammatical characteristics of a specific word usage are rather individual.
Gramatikas mācību satura variācijas pamatizglītības posmā: latviešu valodas standartu analīze (1992–2018)
Authors:   Liepājas Universitāte, Laiveniece Diāna , Lauze Linda
Published: December 2021

Apskatītajā laika posmā (1992–2018) ir izstrādāti trīs pamatizglītības standarti ar atšķirīgu latviešu valodas mācību saturu. Pētījuma mērķis ir analizēt gramatikas jautājumu īpatsvaru šajos dokumentos, lai izvērtētu gramatikas mācību satura atbilstību plānotajiem mācību rezultātiem, ko izsaka mācību priekšmeta mērķis un uzdevumi. Šim nolūkam veikta dokumentu deskriptīvā analīze, latviešu valodas standartu teksta ekscerpēšana, gramatikas mācību satura salīdzināmā analīze un tiešie novērojumi. Raksts sastāv no trijām daļām. Vispirms ir raksturota gramatikas jēdziena izpratne. Tad ir sniegts pārskats par latviešu valodas pamatizglītības standartu izstrādi. Trešajā daļā ir analizēts gramatikas saturs un tā nozīme valodas kompetences veidošanā. Latviešu valodas skolotājiem ir svarīgi izprast, ko no dzimtās valodas gramatikas bērns izmanto neapzināti, bet kas jāapgūst apzināti. Var secināt, ka gramatikas jautājumu īpatsvars latviešu valodas mācību saturā, pavirši skatoties, ir samazinājies, jo ir mainīti akcenti, salīdzinot ar 1992. gada dokumentu, kur astoņu tēmu satura izklāstā vairāk nekā puse ir veltīta gramatikas jautājumiem. 2004. gada standartā svarīga ir komunikatīvā kompetence, bet 2018. gada standartā – valodas lietojuma pragmatiskais aspekts, teksts un valodas jaunrade. Mūsdienu lingvodidaktikā gramatikas apguve notiek saistībā ar noteiktu kontekstu – runas situāciju, tekstu –, nevis izolēti, kā tas lielā mērā ir bijis latviešu kā dzimtās valodas apguves līdzšinējā praksē. Valodas izmantojums nav iedomājams bez lingvistiskās kompetences, kuras pamatu veido gramatika.
Rīgas neolatīniskie teksti latīņu valodas apguvē: Bazilija Plīnija „Encomium Rigae” jeb Rīgas antoloģiju gaidot
Authors:   Latvijas Universitāte, Laizāns Mārtiņš
Published: December 2021

Rakstā aplūkots pašreizējais stāvoklis neolatīniskās kultūras un literatūras apguvē. Lielākoties uzmanība pievērsta tieši neolatīniskajai literatūrai, t. i., pieejamajām mācību grāmatām un citiem valodas un kultūras apguves līdzekļiem. Būtiskākie un jaunākie no tiem rakstā īsi aprakstīti un savstarpēji salīdzināti. Tā kā neolatinitāte kā parādība bija Eiropu visaptveroša no 14. līdz pat 19. gs. sākumam (formāli neolatinitāte turpinās pat līdz mūsdienām), tad arī kādreizējā Livonijas galvaspilsētā Rīgā tika sacerēti un izdoti teksti, kas sarakstīti latīņu valodā. Dzejnieks un ārsts Bazilijs Plīnijs, kas uzskatāms par vienu no Rīgas humānistiem, ir sacerējis vairākus slavinājuma un didaktiskās dzejas darbus. Pats zināmākais no tiem – „Slavas dziesma Rīgai” (1595) – ir ticis izmantots arī neolatīniskās literatūras apmācībā, kas, ņemot vērā Rīgas humānistu tekstu mazzināmību, mazpieejamību un mazpētītību, uzskatāms par eksotiskas ekstravagances gadījumu. Tādējādi rakstā aplūkots un analizēts arī vācu skolotāja Mihaēla Fellera veidotais metodiskais materiāls, kurā iekļauts minētais Plīnija teksts.
Verba nozīmju nošķiršana: teorija un prakse
Authors:   Latvijas Universitāte, Lokmane Ilze , Rituma Laura
Published: December 2021

Rakstā aplūkoti elektroniskā resursa „Latviešu valodas leksiskais tīkls” (Latvian WordNet) veidošanas principi un tapšanas gaita, jo īpaši resursa izveidei nepieciešamā daudznozīmīgu vārdu nozīmju sistēmas pārskatīšana un vienotu nozīmes šķiršanas kritēriju izstrāde. Vārdu nozīmju pārskatīšana ir nepieciešama, pirmkārt, lai pārliecinātos, vai vārdnīcā minētā nozīmju sistēma laika gaitā nav mainījusies, otrkārt, lai elektroniskās vārdnīcas Tēzaurs.lv šķirkli padarītu pārskatāmu un lietotājam viegli uztveramu un, treškārt, lai atvieglotu elektroniskajā resursā iekļaujamo semantisko attieksmju – sinonīmijas, hiponīmijas, meronīmijas un antonīmijas – noteikšanu. Teorētiskajā daļā īsi raksturotas galvenās semantikas atziņas, kas attiecas uz daudznozīmīgu vārdu, īpaši verbu, semantisko struktūru saistībā ar leksikogrāfijas praksi, – atsevišķu nozīmju jeb leksiski semantisko variantu tipi, savstarpējās attieksmes, skaidrošanas veidi un attēlošana vārdnīcā. Galvenā uzmanība veltīta nozīmju nošķiršanas kritēriju aprakstam un analīzei, korpusa datu izmantošanai nozīmju nošķiršanā, tuvāk aplūkots arī nozīmes nianses jēdziens un nianšu attieksmes ar virsnozīmi. Raksta empīriskajā daļā detalizēti aplūkota trīs dažādas semantikas un saistāmības verbu domāt, spēlēt un dot nozīmju sistēmas izveide. Nozīmju nošķiršanā izmantoti šādi kritēriji: semantisko elementu analīze, semantiskā saistāmība, sintaktiskā saistāmība, iespēja aizstāt ar sinonīmu vai ekvivalentu citā valodā. Konstatēts, ka nozīmju nošķiršanas pamatā liekams kritēriju kopums un tas, kuri kritēriji izrādās svarīgāki, atkarīgs no verba semantiskās grupas.
Влияние курсового приема L-орнитин- L-аспартата на фиброз и стеатоз печени у больных ассоциированной с нарушениями метаболизма жировой болезнью печени (неалкогольной жировой болезнью печени), имеющих гипераммониемию
Authors: Garanina Е. V.
Published: December 2021

Introduction.Hyperammonaemia develops both in cirrhosis and earlier fibrotic stages during metabolic-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD). Besides neurotropic, ammonia exerts the hepatotoxic and profibrotic effects. L-ornithine-L-aspartate (LOLA) has been proved effective in treatment for hyperammonaemia in cirrhosis patients.Aim.An impact study of the LOLA course therapy on inflammation, steatosis and liver fibrosis biomarkers in MAFLD.Materials and methods.A total of 90 patients were divided between two cohorts. The control cohort included patients with liver steatosis S0–S1, absent liver fibrosis, normal liver function tests, clean history of liver disease, while MAFLD cohort gathered liver steatosis S2–S3 and METAVIR fibrosis F1. Steatosis and fibrosis were assessed with a Fibroscan 502 unit with CAP measurement. All patients had ammonia estimated from whole blood. At high ammonia, LOLA was ordered at 9 g/day for 8 weeks, with control of blood ammonia, AST, ALT, GGT, CRP and ferritin, as well as fibrosis and steatosis post-therapy.Results.The study enrolled 45 patients of the MAFLD and 45 — of control cohort. Hyperammonaemia was revealed in 26 (58 %) MAFLD and 3 (7 %) control patients (p <0.001). MAFLD-hyperammonaemic patients also had the significantly higher male ratio, type 2 diabetes and severer hepatic steatosis rates vs. hyperammonaemia-negative MAFLD individuals. In 8 weeks of LOLA therapy, the ALT, AST, GGT, ferritin and CRP levels decreased significantly, and blood ammonia attained normal range (p <0.001). Elastometry liver stiffness decreased in 22 (85 %) patients, reaching F0 values in 6 cases (p <0.001). The steatosis grade reduced in 18 (69 %) individuals.Conclusion.LOLA normalises blood ammonia levels and reduces the severity of inflammation, steatosis and liver fibrosis.
Mycophenolate Mofetil and Clostridium difficile-associated Colitis
Authors: Dolgushina A. I. , Selyanina A. A. , Mezenceva E. A. , Vasilenko A. G. , Pozdeeva L. I. , Zhuravleva L. Yu. , Olevskaya E. R. , Fedorova E. A.
Published: December 2021

Aim.A clinical observation of colitis conditioned by mycophenolate mofetil intake and concomitant Clostridium difficile-associated disease.Key points.Mycophenolate mofetil (MMF) is an active immunosuppressant with side effects affecting gastrointestinal tract (GIT). A 37-yo male patient with type 1 diabetes mellitus was admitted at a gastroenterology unit with clinical signs of diarrhoea with haematochezia. A history of diabetic nephropathy and related-donor pre-dialysis kidney transplantation in 2012, since when MMF intake was 2000 mg daily. Catarrhal ulcerative colitis in colonoscopy, C. difficile toxins in pathogen stool panel. Ulcerative, ischaemic colitises and the graft-versus-host disease were ruled out in examination. A positive clinical and endoscopic trend was observed upon MMF withdrawn and start of vancomycin.Conclusion.The case presented illustrates the clinical picture and diagnostic algorithm in MMF-associated colitis. The case-distinctive is association with C. difficile infection.
Impactos, extensão e proposta de mitigação da intrusão salina no Rio São Mateus
Authors: Cotta Aloísio José Bueno , Jesus Honerio Coutinho de
Published: December 2021

O Rio São Mateus (RSM) é a principal fonte de abastecimento da cidade de São Mateus-ES. A elevada demanda pelos recursos hídricos de sua bacia, combinada com a baixa pluviosidade entre 2015 e 2017, fizeram com que a vazão do rio fosse significativamente reduzida, o que permitiu o avanço atípico da intrusão salina (IS). Este estudo visou dimensionar a extensão espacial e temporal do processo, afim de auxiliar na mitigação do problema. A salinidade (e outros parâmetros) da água foi monitorada entre 2016 e 2017. Verificou-se que, nos períodos de seca, a IS avança por mais de 50 km a partir da foz, o que compromete o abastecimento público, dada à captação de água salgada e com excessivo teor de cloreto (ultrapassando 10.000 mg/L). As variações das descargas do RSM, seu impacto sobre a qualidade da água captada, e sobre o avanço (e retração) da IS, permitem propor que vazões superiores a 10 m3/s são suficientes para manter a intrusão a jusante da cidade, permitindo assim a captação de água livre dos efeitos da salinização. O estudo também revelou que devido à baixa estratificação da água no estuário, morfologia da calha e baixa descarga fluvial, a contenção da IS por uma barreira subaquática não é viável, nem a mitigação do problema com a instalação de uma nova captação à montante da IS. A regularização da vazão do rio (Qreg≥10 m3/s), aproveitando o excedente hídrico do período chuvoso, é sugerida como a melhor alternativa para conter o avanço da IS. São apresentadas duas propostas de regularização, uma com um grande reservatório de 15 hm3 no rio principal, e outra com dois reservatórios menores (4 hm3) em seus tributários. Tais propostas estão alinhadas com as recomendações do Plano Estadual de Recursos Hídricos para melhorar o abastecimento municipal e agropecuário mediante investimentos em infraestrutura, consorciados a geração hidrelétrica.
Alternativas de control biorracionales sobre Phytophthora infestans, fitopatógeno causante de la gota en papa
Authors: Cruz Trujillo Jessica Johanna , Hernández Gutiérrez Valentina , Sánchez Leal Ligia Consuelo , Fuentes Quintero Luz Stella
Published: December 2021

La gota de la papa o tizón tardío es una de las enfermedades más agresivas que atacan los cultivos de papa y en poco tiempo los destruye, ocasionando enormes pérdidas económicas, es producida por el fitopatógeno Phytophthora infestans, oomyceto que ha tomado gran importancia debido a sus efectos devastadores y las dificultades para lograr su erradicación. Los fungicidas de naturaleza química representan un problema debido al uso inadecuado, lo que hace muy difícil eliminar la enfermedad por la aparición de nuevas especies resistentes. Existen nuevas alternativas para su control, basadas en el uso de sustancias de naturaleza vegetal, y la aplicación de nuevas herramientas capaces de realizar edición de genes, reprogramar o eliminar secuencias de ADN/ARN, favoreciendo así, la obtención de cultivos libres de sustancias tóxicas. En esta revisión, se presentan los métodos existentes de biocontrol: como aceites esenciales, metabolitos microbianos, herramientas moleculares y el uso de sustancias biodegradables que favorecen el manejo y prevención de plagas, que ayudan a mitigar la problemática ambiental generada por eluso de fungicidas de naturaleza química.
Internal audit stigma impairs internal audit outcomes
Authors: Eulerich Marc , Kremin Joleen , Saunders K. Kelli , Wood David A.
Published: December 2021

Prior research finds that the internal audit function (IAF) plays a critical role in organizations, yet there is still a stigma toward the profession. We examine how this stigma affects internal audit outcomes, using three different data sources: survey results from parts of Europe (113 observations) and the United States (124 observations) for the year 2017 and an experiment (65 observations) in 2018. We find that when internal auditors in parts of Europe and the U.S. believe there is a negative stigma about internal auditing, they report negative work outcomes, including less ability to add value, less influence in the organization, more resistance to implementing their recommendations, and more pressure to change audit findings. Our experimental results confirm the survey findings and provide further evidence that negative stigma causes participants to perceive less value in internal audit reports and that internal audit recommendations are less influential in decision-making. Taken together, the results suggest that negative perceptions of internal audit have a significant impact on the profession
Undiagnosed Wilson’s disease masquerading as hemolytic anemia in pregnancy: a case report
Authors: Gupta Shivani , Khanal Shambhu , Gyawali Paribesh
Published: December 2021

Successful pregnancy is a rare phenomenon in women with Wilson’s
disease. We report a case of a primigravid 19 -years old woman who
presented with hemolytic anemia and was later diagnosed with Wilson’s
disease for the first time during pregnancy. With prompt treatment, she
delivered a healthy albeit pre-term child.
Dissection of anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory activity of Mangifera indica L. reveals the modulation of mPGES-1/PPARγ axis and Th17/Treg ratio.
Authors: Saviano Anella , Raucci Federica , Casillo Gian , Mansour Adel , Piccolo Vincenzo , Montesano Camilla , Smimmo Martina , Vellecco Valentina , Capasso Gennaro , Boscaino Amedeo , Summa Vincenzo , Mascolo Nicola , Iqbal Asif , Bucci Mariarosaria , Cirino Giuseppe , Brancaleone Vincenzo , Maione Francesco
Published: December 2021

Background and Purpose: In the context of inflammation and immunity,
there are fragmented and observational studies relating to the
pharmacological activity of Mangifera indica L. and its main active
component mangiferin. We, therefore, aimed to evaluate the potential
beneficial effects of this plant extract (MIE, 90% in mangiferin) in a
mouse model of gouty arthritis, dissecting the cellular immune
phenotypes and the biochemical mechanism/s beyond its activity.
Experimental Approach: Gouty arthritis was induced by the
intra-articular administration of MSU crystals (200 μg 20 μl-1). MIE
(0.1-10 mg kg-1) or corresponding vehicle (DMSO/saline 1:3) were orally
administrated concomitantly to MSU (time 0), 6 and 12 h after the
stimulus. Thereafter, knee joint score and oedema were evaluated in
addition to western blot analysis for several components of
mPGES-1/PPARγ pathway. Moreover, the analysis of pro/anti-inflammatory
cyto-chemokines coupled to the assessment of the cellular infiltrate’s
phenotype was investigated. Key Results: Treatment with MIE revealed a
dose-dependent reduction in joint inflammatory scores with maximal
inhibition observed at 10 mg kg-1. MIE significantly reduced leukocyte
infiltration and activation and the expression of different
pro-inflammatory cyto-chemokines in inflamed tissues. Furthermore,
biochemical analysis revealed that MIE modulated COX-2/mPGES-1 and
mPGDS-1/PPARγ pathways. Flow cytometry analysis also highlighted a
prominent modulation of infiltrating inflammatory monocytes
(CD11b+ve/CD115+ve/LY6Chi), and (both infiltrated and circulating) Treg
cells (CD4+ve/CD25+ve/FOXP3+ve) after MIE treatment. Conclusion and
Implications: Collectively, the results of this study demonstrate a
novel function of MIE to positively affect the local and systemic
inflammatory/immunological perturbance in the onset and progression of
gouty arthritis.
An atypical presentation of type 1 diabetes
Authors:   Charles E. Schmidt College of Medicine, Florida Atlantic University, Boca Raton, FL, USA, Knopp Brandon , Perumareddi Parvathi ,   Department of Integrated Medical Science, Charles E. Schmidt College of Medicine, Florida Atlantic University, Boca Raton, FL, USA
Published: December 2021

Type 1 and type 2 diabetes have been described historically as occurring in distinct patient populations; however, atypical demographics are becoming more frequent as the prevalence of diabetes increases, crossing boundaries of ages. Some of these cases can be challenging to diagnose clinically as the patient symptomatology and progression can differ from the standard features of type 1 and 2 diabetes. Our case is an example of a patient whose type 1 diabetes presented atypically with characteristics often associated with type 2 diabetes. Patient presentations such as this are uncommon, with our patient having presented with the “textbook” characteristics of type 2 diabetes. When first diagnosed with diabetes mellitus type 2, the patient was 60 years old, had a BMI around 30 and experienced a gradual onset of symptoms over the course of several months. At the age of 64, the patient tested positive for GAD65 autoantibodies following a year of declining glycemic control and was re-evaluated and classified as a type 1 diabetes patient. Subsequent insulin injections resolved his diabetes-related complications which included polyuria, weakness and weight loss and improved his glycemic control. This case provides an example of an unusual clinical presentation of type 1 diabetes and serves to raise awareness for atypical presentations of diabetes to improve accurate classifications at earlier stages.
EVALUATION OF TACTICAL PLANNING MATURITY IN SUPPLY CHAINS OF MANUFACTURING COMPANIES
Authors: Szczakowska Dorota Anna
Published: December 2021

This paper aims to propose and test a model facilitating assessment of tactical planning maturity in supply chains of manufacturing companies. The author proposes a model called Tactical Planning Maturity Model (TPMM). The model is created based on literature research, participant observations and data gathering conducted in two companies. The proposed framework combines both knowledge from supply chain integration and steps necessary to reach proficiency in sales and operation planning. The second step consists of choosing a case study method to verify model adequacy in two companies operating in central Poland. The findings illustrate the TPMM as a ready-to-use tool where the line to supply chain maturity is clearly drafted and results could be compared between production companies. This paper strengthens the link between practitioner and academic literature by providing empirical evidence of the benefits of tactical planning maturity model usage as well as its impact on further development of supply chains. This paper studied merely two companies and is not intended to be representative of outcomes for all companies looking to understand the complexity and maturity of their supply chains. Furthermore, the analyzed companies only reached level four in the maturity model; levels five and six were not observed. Further quantitative studies are required for testing the accuracy of the proposed model and potentially, qualitative studies could be undertaken in order to understand factors enabling the increase in maturity of tactical planning in the supply chains of manufacturing companies.
Etiology of bacterial diseases of young walnut trees in Serbia
Authors: Ilicic Renata , Bagi Ferenc , Blagojevic Milan , Gosic Jovica , Milovanovic Predrag , Popovic Tatjana
Published: December 2021

In the summer and autumn of 2019-2020, young walnut orchards were monitored
for the presence of bacterial diseases. Diseased walnut samples comprising
trunks and branches with symptoms of vertical oozing canker (VOC), walnut
bacterial blight (WBB) and superficial bark necrosis were collected from
eight locations in Serbia. Based on phenotypic features, pathogenicity, and
molecular assays using PCR with specific primers, 49 isolates obtained from
samples showing VOC and WBB symptoms were identified as Xanthomonas
arboricola pv. juglandis, while further two isolates obtained from bark
necrosis were identified as Brenneria rubrifaciens. One tested X. a. pv.
juglandis isolate obtained from a VOC sample produced deep cankers in the
bark of inoculated trunks of young walnut trees (cultivars Chandler,
Franquette and Sejnovo). Therefore, this is the first report of an
association between X. a. pv. juglandis and VOC symptom in Serbia.
Considering that X. a. pv. juglandis significantly endangers walnut
production, the presence of this pathogen in walnut transplant imports needs
to be assessed by an authorised laboratory. Furthermore, as this is also the
first report of B. rubrifaciens on walnut trees in Serbia, it is noteworthy
that this pathogen is not particularly harmful to young walnut trees.
Plum pox virus infection level in Prunus species growing along roadsides or in backyards in Vojvodina province
Authors: Bagi Ferenc , Barac Goran , Ilicic Renata , Savic Zagorka , Burmazovic Milan , Meszaros Viktor , Popovic Tatjana
Published: December 2021

The present study was conducted on 106 leaf samples of Prunus species (44
plum, 47 myrobalan plum, 10 apricot, 3 peach, 1 blackthorn, and 1 sour
cherry) collected from the Vojvodina province of Serbia and assessed for the
presence of Plum pox virus (PPV) with the aim of establishing whether trees
growing along roadsides and in backyards could be sources of PPV infection
in commercial orchards. Analyses confirmed PPV infection in 68.2%, 38.6%,
and 20% of plum, myrobalan plum and apricot samples, respectively. The
infection level varied considerably across locations, with 80% noted in
Uljma, followed by 69% in Sremska Kamenica, 60% in Becej, 50% in Temerin,
50% in Senta, 40% in Petrovaradin, 31% in Novi Sad, 30% in Susek, and 20% in
Subotica. As no difference in infection rates was noted between young and
older plum trees, the infections seemed to have occurred in their early life
stage. Trees growing along roadsides were infected to a higher extent
(89.6%) than those in backyards (66.6%). In some cases, symptomless trees
were also proven to be PPV positive, indicating that they are a potentially
important source of further virus infections. Due to the widespread presence
of the virus, tolerant or hypersensitive cultivars are recommended for
planting new orchards.
Does population ageing impact inflation?
Authors: Radulovic Marija , Kostic Milan
Published: December 2021

Modern society is characterised by clear and distinct demographic processes,
such as the constant decline in the number of children born and the ageing
population in developed countries, resulting from complex biological,
economic, social, political, and other factors. Demographic changes observed
through population ageing have an impact on the economy and inflation.
Therefore, the aim of this paper is to examine the impact of population
ageing on inflation in Economic and Monetary Union (EMU) countries. The
paper?s authors used data from 1970 to 2016. The ARDL approach was used to
test the long- and short-term relationship between population ageing and
inflation. The results showed a positive relationship between population
ageing and inflation in the long term and a negative relationship in the
short term. The ageing population decreases inflation in the short term and
increases inflation in the long term.
How Does an Audit or a Forensic Perspective Influence Auditors' Fraud-Risk Assessment and Subsequent Risk Response?
Authors: Chui Lawrence , Curtis Mary B. , Pike Byron J.
Published: December 2021

This study examines whether priming auditors with a forensic perspective improves their fraud-risk assessments and subsequent audit-plan responses. We contribute to the literature by investigating a potential improvement in fraud detection that encourages auditors to take a forensic specialist's perspective, while retaining the audit tenets of efficiently identifying and responding to risk. We prime auditors with a forensic perspective and compare their fraud performance to unprimed auditors in both low- and high-risk contexts, finding primed auditors assess fraud-risk significantly higher in all fraud-risk environments. In a high-risk environment, primed auditors propose a more appropriate audit-plan response. Relevant to fraud detection, these audit-plan modifications were consistent with those determined by a panel of audit and forensic experts. They exhibit a sensitivity in the low-risk environment, whereby their risk response is similar with that of the unprimed auditors.

Data Availability: Data are available from the authors on request.
Viking Age Swords from Telemark, Norway: An Integrated Technical and Archaeological Investigation
Authors: Martens Irmelin , Astrup Eva Elisabeth , Loftsgarden Kjetil , Vike Vegard
Published: December 2021

Viking Age Swords from Telemark, Norway. An Integrated Technical and Archaeological Investigation provides a metallographic analysis of 21 Viking Age swords found in the county Telemark in southeastern Norway. The book is the result of a collaboration between archaeologist Irmelin Martens and chemist Eva Elisabeth Astrup. 220 swords have been found in Telemark, and they are a mix of domestic Norwegian and imported European types. The difficulties in determining which ones were made in Norway are complicated by and closely connected to the specific skills Norwegian blacksmiths had mastered with respect to both blade construction and inlay decoration. The metallographic investigations revealed five construction types for sword blades, of which four, requiring different technical levels of smithing, may well have been mastered by Norwegian blacksmiths at that time. Combined with x-ray radiographic studies, the metallographic investigations indicate that new techniques were indeed introduced and disseminated among weaponsmiths during the Viking Age. The findings are also probably representative for the combined total of more than 3000 swords found in all areas of the country. The majority are domestic types, and their great number obviously reflects the organization of sword production and influenced blacksmiths’ social standing.
Quando os autores se organizam para desorganizar
Authors: Anjo José Edemir da Silva , Brito Mozar José de , Brito Valéria da Glória Pereira
Published: December 2021

Este estudo tem como objetivo a realização de uma revisão integrativa da literatura sobre o processo de desinstitucionalização. Buscou-se compreender os avanços nos trabalhos que tenham como base de discussão sobre o trabalho de desinstitucionalização. Lawrence e Suddaby (2006) apontam para necessidade de trabalhos sob à ótica do trabalho institucional, sobretudo de estudos empíricos. Como caminho metodológico, realizou-se uma revisão integrativa da literatura internacional sobre o trabalho institucional de desinstitucionalização nas bases internacionais de periódicos indexadas ao portal de periódicos Capes, Scopus e Web of Science. A revisão integrativa apontou não só situação do campo com seus temas maduros e emergentes, como os aspectos teóricos e metodológicos, mas também novos direcionamentos para o campo. Ao todo, foram integralizados nove estudos empíricos. Como campo emergente, observou-se a pluralidade de campos institucionais no processo de investigação de práticas de desinstitucionalização, o que corrobora para necessidade de maior atenção abordagem no trabalho institucional com aproximação de outras abordagens teóricas. Os estudos analisados apresentam desafios a serem explorados no campo da Teoria Institucional, o que demonstra ser um campo aberto para diálogo com outras abordagens.
Teletrabalho durante a pandemia
Authors: Leite Ana Luíza , Lemos Dannyela da Cunha
Published: December 2021

Com a intensificação da necessidade de isolamento devido à pandemia gerada pela Covid-19, mudanças na forma de trabalhar foram impostas às organizações. Em meio a esse desafio, inúmeras organizações, públicas e privadas, passaram a praticar o teletrabalho ou intensificaram seus arranjos de trabalho flexíveis. Inclusive, o corpo técnico e docente das universidades. Nessa esteira, a presente pesquisa busca analisar a experiência de teletrabalho, durante a pandemia, da Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina, ao que tange os cargos técnicos. Os dados recolhidos por meio de questionário, foram analisados em relação à experiência com o teletrabalho, infraestrutura, benefícios e fragilidades. Apesar de todas as adversidades e a falta de tempo para a preparação, grande parte dos servidores técnicos conseguiram se adaptar ao teletrabalho. A pesquisa contribui no sentido de encontrar similaridades e divergências na experiência de teletrabalho em tempos de emergência e em tempos estáveis. O que mais se difere foram que algumas desvantagens teriam ocorrido em menor escala em tempos normais e com planejamento da modalidade de teletrabalho, como: isolamento social, pessoas que não possuem o perfil praticando essa modalidade, problemas psicológicos, conflito trabalho-família, distração com tarefas domésticas e falta de equipamentos.
Study on physiological counseling of post-00s college students’ screen socializing dependence
Authors:   North University of China, Taiyuan, China, Wei Chunyan
Published: December 2021

As post-00s college students who have grown up in the era of Internet, screen socializing dependence has become one of the main reasons that affect their interpersonal skills. This paper, based on student dormitory, performs psychological counseling and establish online and offline psychological field of the dormitory, to create a good atmosphere of communication.
Enhancing Tourist Memories with Augmented Videography Technology
Authors:   International Division, Shanghai University of Engineering Science, Shanghai, 201620, China, Xia Daiyun
Published: December 2021

The development of Internet technology has witnessed much interpersonal communication change from paper-based into digital form. Although the advent of Internet has led to the decline of paper-¬based communication, it also brings opportunities to revive traditional forms of communication. To revive traditional postcard sharing, I present here FilmLocker, a mobile application allows users to link a digital video to customize physical postcard. This project aims to enhance user's interpersonal communication, keep their travel memories and improve emotional expression by combining permanent physical postcard with impermanent digital augmented videos.