bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Effects of diagnostic labels on perceptions of marginal cases of mental ill-health
Authors: Altmann Brooke , Fleischer Kylo , Tse Jesse , Haslam Nick
Published: August 2024

Two experimental studies (Ns = 261, 684) investigated how diagnostic labels affect perceptions of people experiencing marginal levels of mental ill-health. These effects offer insight into the consequences of diagnostic “concept creep”, in which concepts of mental illness broaden to include less severe phenomena. The studies found consistent evidence that diagnostic labeling increases the perception that people experiencing marginal problems require professional treatment, and some evidence that it increases empathy towards them and support for affording them special allowances at work, school, and home. The studies also indicated that labels may reduce the control people are perceived to have over their problems and their likelihood of recovering from them. These findings point to the potential mixed blessings of broad diagnostic concepts and the cultural trends responsible for them. Expansive concepts may promote help-seeking, empathy, and support, but also undermine perceived agency and expectations that problems can be overcome.
Larval density can be used to predict genetic modifiers of glucagon signaling in Drosophila melanogaster
Authors: Nicol Audrey , Ahmed Malaika , Fischer Chelsea , Garces John G. , Magnus Shana , Maung Nay , Molisani Nicholas , Petrov Sophia , Palu Rebecca A. S.
Published: August 2024

Obesity is a growing concern. 42.3% of people in the U.S were considered obese between 2017–2018. Much is still unknown about the genetic components that contribute to weight gain. In humans, the hormone glucagon is a major contributor to the body’s energy regulation as it signals for the breakdown of lipids. Treatments targeting the glucagon pathway have helped patients with both weight loss and appetite suppression. Understanding the genetic modifiers of glucagon signaling and its downstream pathways could enable the development of a wider variety of effective therapeutics. In this study, we blocked the glucagon pathway in Drosophila melanogaster by reducing the expression of the fly ortholog of the glucagon receptor (AKHR). We then crossed our model to the Drosophila Genetic Reference Panel (DGRP) and looked for natural variation in fat content. We used variation in larval density to identify candidate modifier genes through a genome-wide association study. We then tested these modifier genes by increasing or decreasing their expression in the AKHR model. We screened these candidates initially with the same density assay used in the original study to narrow down to four candidate genes that substantially impacted the density of the larvae: THADA, AmyD, GluRIIC, and CG9826. We further characterized these candidates using biochemical assays to analyze stored metabolites such as triglycerides, glucose, glycogen, and protein under control, high sugar, and high fat conditions to see if the larvae are resistant to environmental changes. Our results indicate consistency between the results of the density assay and direct measurement of metabolite levels. In particular, THADA and AmyD are highlighted as interesting genes for additional study. We hope to improve our understanding of the glucagon signaling pathway, obesity, and lipid metabolism. We also aim to provide candidate genes that can be regarded as future therapeutic targets.
Fixed point results in intuitionistic fuzzy pentagonal controlled metric spaces with applications to dynamic market equilibrium and satellite web coupling
Authors: Ishtiaq Umar , Alshaikey Salha , Riaz Muhammad Bilal , Ahmad Khaleel
Published: August 2024

This manuscript contains several new spaces as the generalizations of fuzzy triple controlled metric space, fuzzy controlled hexagonal metric space, fuzzy pentagonal controlled metric space and intuitionistic fuzzy double controlled metric space. We prove the Banach fixed point theorem in the context of intuitionistic fuzzy pentagonal controlled metric space, which generalizes the previous ones in the existing literature. Further, we provide several non-trivial examples to support the main results. The capacity of intuitionistic fuzzy pentagonal controlled metric spaces to model hesitation, capture dual information, handle imperfect information, and provide a more nuanced representation of uncertainty makes them important in dynamic market equilibrium. In the context of changing market dynamics, these aspects contribute to a more realistic and flexible modelling approach. We present an application to dynamic market equilibrium and solve a boundary value problem for a satellite web coupling.
Mitochondrial DNA control-region and coding-region data highlight geographically structured diversity and post-domestication population dynamics in worldwide donkeys
Authors: Rambaldi Migliore Nicola , Bigi Daniele , Milanesi Marco , Zambonelli Paolo , Negrini Riccardo , Morabito Simone , Verini-Supplizi Andrea , Liotta Luigi , Chegdani Fatima , Agha Saif , Salim Bashir , Beja-Pereira Albano , Torroni Antonio , Ajmone‐Marsan Paolo , Achilli Alessandro , Colli Licia
Published: August 2024

Donkeys (Equus asinus) have been used extensively in agriculture and transportations since their domestication, ca. 5000–7000 years ago, but the increased mechanization of the last century has largely spoiled their role as burden animals, particularly in developed countries. Consequently, donkey breeds and population sizes have been declining for decades, and the diversity contributed by autochthonous gene pools has been eroded. Here, we examined coding-region data extracted from 164 complete mitogenomes and 1392 donkey mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) control-region sequences to (i) assess worldwide diversity, (ii) evaluate geographical patterns of variation, and (iii) provide a new nomenclature of mtDNA haplogroups. The topology of the Maximum Parsimony tree confirmed the two previously identified major clades, i.e. Clades 1 and 2, but also highlighted the occurrence of a deep-diverging lineage within Clade 2 that left a marginal trace in modern donkeys. Thanks to the identification of stable and highly diagnostic coding-region mutational motifs, the two lineages were renamed as haplogroup A and haplogroup B, respectively, to harmonize clade nomenclature with the standard currently adopted for other livestock species. Control-region diversity and population expansion metrics varied considerably between geographical areas but confirmed North-eastern Africa as the likely domestication center. The patterns of geographical distribution of variation analyzed through phylogenetic networks and AMOVA confirmed the co-occurrence of both haplogroups in all sampled populations, while differences at the regional level point to the joint effects of demography, past human migrations and trade following the spread of donkeys out of the domestication center. Despite the strong decline that donkey populations have undergone for decades in many areas of the world, the sizeable mtDNA variability we scored, and the possible identification of a new early radiating lineage further stress the need for an extensive and large-scale characterization of donkey nuclear genome diversity to identify hotspots of variation and aid the conservation of local breeds worldwide.
A study of the effects of four reading styles on college students’ mental health and quality of life based on positive psychology-A first-of-its-kind study
Authors: Liu Yamei
Published: August 2024

Background

The increase in mental health problems among college students has become a global challenge, with anxiety and depression in particular becoming increasingly prevalent. Positive psychology has gained attention as an important psychological intervention that emphasizes improving mental health by promoting positive emotions and mindfulness. However, with the diversity of reading styles, however, there is a lack of systematic research on these effects. Therefore, this study aims to explore the specific effects of different reading styles on college students’ mental health and quality of life based on positive psychology, with the aim of providing more effective interventions and recommendations for improving college students’ mental health.

Methods

This study used a two-round questionnaire to select students with mental health problems and divided them into four experimental groups with a control group. The study was conducted by distributing questionnaires and experimental interventions, and a total of 2860 valid questionnaires were collected. The study used the Self-Assessment Scale for Anxiety (SAS) and the Self-Depression Scale (SDS) to assess the participants’ anxiety and depression levels. In addition, the study used the Physical Composite Score (PCS) and the Mental Composite Score (MCS) to assess the participants’ quality of life. SPSS 26.0 was used for data statistics and repeated measures ANOVA was used.

Results

Paper text reading and audio reading methods were effective in reducing anxiety levels and improving sleep quality. However, the electronic text reading approach was less effective compared to paper text reading and audio reading, and the video reading approach was not effective in improving depression. In addition, the positive psychology literature reading intervention showed significant improvements in college students’ quality of life scores.

Conclusion

The results of this study suggest that paper text reading and audio reading modalities have a positive impact on the mental health and quality of life of college students, while e-text reading and video reading modalities are less effective. These findings provide suggestions for college students to choose appropriate reading styles and further demonstrate the effectiveness of positive psychology reading on mental health. These results have important academic and practical implications for promoting mental health and improving quality of life among college students.
Cross-sectional analysis of national testosterone prescribing through prescription drug monitoring programs, 2018–2022
Authors: Selinger Scott , Thallapureddy Aneesh
Published: August 2024

Background

For two decades preceding the COVID-19 pandemic, testosterone therapy (TT) became more prevalent in the US. Given the forced shift in practice patterns and healthcare accessibility during the pandemic, it was unclear how TT utilization would change.

Objective

To assess the change in testosterone prescriptions nationally.

Design

Cross-sectional study.

Data sources

State prescription drug monitoring program data between 2018 and 2022.

Participants

All individuals filling testosterone prescriptions in participating states.

Measurements

Unique people filling testosterone prescriptions annually, demographic information on gender and age as available.

Results

In 2022 there was a 27% relative increase of subjects treated with TT (+439,659 cases compared with 2018). The increase was more evident in the pandemic period with a rise in prevalence most notable for people 45–54 (114,114 people, 35% increase) and 35–44 (97,263 people, 58% increase). All regions except the Midwest increased the total population treated, led by the South (52%) followed by the West (28%) and Northeast (23%). Available data indicated men accounted for most patients treated in all age groups except under 24 years.

Limitations

Study population limited to those in participating states with no diagnostic information and limited demographics available.

Conclusion

Between 2018 and 2022, and primarily after the start of the pandemic in 2020, nationally there was a substantial increase in the number of people using TT. The largest increases occurred in a younger demographic, primarily men, than have previously been reported or studied. These results echo other findings showing increased use of controlled substances during the pandemic period and warrant further study regarding the factors behind this rise.
Effects of social and environmental restrictions, and changes in alcohol availability in adolescents’ binge drinking during the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Rogés Judit , Bosque-Prous Marina , Folch Cinta , Teixidó-Compañó Ester , González-Casals Helena , Colom Joan , Lafon-Guasch Aina , Fortes-Muñoz Paula , Espelt Albert
Published: August 2024

Aims

The aim of the present study was to estimate the evolution of binge drinking since the pre-pandemic period, and throughout the pandemic period with the application and lifting of the restrictions in adolescents aged 12 to 19 years old in school in Central Catalonia.

Methodology

Quasi-experimental time series study with two samples of adolescents. The first sample (1st wave of survey, pre-pandemic period) was obtained between the months of September 2019 to March 2020 (n = 6621) and the second sample (2nd wave of survey, pandemic period) between the months of October 2021 and March 2022 (n = 7576). The dependent variable was monthly binge drinking. The main independent variable was the period of data collection (1st and 2nd wave), and gender and grade were also included. Twenty-one time slices were performed by fortnight and the binge drinking prevalence of the previous month was extracted in each of them. Interrupted time series analysis was performed and Poisson regression models with robust variance were estimated.

Results

The data indicated a significant increase in the prevalence of binge drinking in certain periods in girls [easing of measures in October, aPR: 2.25 (1.03–4.89); and total lifting of restrictions in February, aPR: 3.29 (1.57–6.89)] and a reduction in consumption in periods of tightening of restrictions. After the upturn before the return to the pre-pandemic situation binge drinking followed a decreasing trend in both sexes [aPR boys: 0.73 (95%CI: 0.66–0.81); aPR girls: 0.78 (95%CI: 0.71–0.86)].

Conclusions

Periods of community interventions aimed at protecting people’s health have had an impact on other health behaviors or aspects of health such as binge drinking, and differentially across groups and communities.
Introduction
Authors: Ouellette Marc A.
Published: August 2024

This issue gives a brief but poignant consideration of the ways the unfortunate election of Donald Trump played out, as it were, in and through contemporaneous games. The games, their reception and in some cases their implementation, were ineluctably informed by the extremist and rambling ‘MAGA’ agenda. The articles offer close readings of particular games, practices and approaches to give insights into how this occurred and what it means going forward.
The Efficacy of Topical Tranexamic Acid in Breast Surgery Evaluating The Drain Output and Complications Reduction: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Sudarman Jesica Putri , Sayudo Iqbal F. , Putri Marcelvina Mutiara , Ali Gary , Handini Nurliati Sari
Published: August 2024

Introduction : The topical administration of Tranexamic Acid (TXA) has gained significant attention for its potential advantages in various plastic surgery procedures. This study aims to conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis focusing on the use of topical TXA in breast surgery, analysing its impact on postoperative drain output and complications.Method : PubMed, Embase and the Cochrane Library databases were systematically searched to identify relevant studies. The data synthesis utilized random-effects models and the findings were presented as a mean difference and weighted odds ratio along with the corresponding 95% confidence interval.Results : Seven studies including four RCTs and three observational studies, comprising 1,553 breasts undergoing surgery were included. The average age of participants was 46 years; mean body mass index (BMI) was 26.1 kg/mm2. Of the breasts studied, 764 (49%) received topical TXA and 789 (51%) received normal saline as placebo. Overall, topical TXA was associated with a lower drain output in the first 24 hours postoperative (MD -25.87; p=0.00001) and a lower cumulative drain output (MD -59.72; p<0.00001). The rate of hematoma is significantly lower in the topical TXA group compared to the control group (OR 0.19; p=0.0009). There were no significant differences in rates of seroma, infection, thromboembolic events and time to drain removal between groups.  Conclusion: Evidence of this study suggests that administration of topical TXA significantly reduces the drain output production and hematoma in breast surgery. The use of topical TXA not significantly affecting rates of seroma, infection and postoperative duration with drain.
Clinical Implications of Inflammation in Patients With Cirrhosis
Authors: Kronsten Victoria T. , Shawcross Debbie L.
Published: August 2024

Cirrhosis-associated immune dysfunction refers to the concurrent systemic inflammation and immunoparesis evident across the disease spectrum of chronic liver disease, ranging from the low-grade inflammatory plasma milieu that accompanies compensated disease to the intense high-grade inflammatory state with coexistent severe immune paralysis that defines acute decompensation and acute-on-chronic liver failure. Systemic inflammation plays a crucial role in the disease course of cirrhosis and is a key driver for acute decompensation and the progression from compensated to decompensated cirrhosis. Severe systemic inflammation is fundamental to the development of organ dysfunction and failure and, in its most extreme form, acute-on-chronic liver failure. Systemic inflammation propagates the development of hepatic encephalopathy and hepatorenal syndrome-acute kidney injury. It may also be involved in the pathogenesis of further complications such as hepatocellular carcinoma and mental illness. Those patients with the most profound systemic inflammation have the worst prognosis. Systemic inflammation exerts its negative clinical effects through a number of mechanisms including nitric oxide-mediated increased splanchnic vasodilation, immunopathology, and metabolic reallocation.
La seguridad alimentaria, ¿derecho humano garantizado?
Authors: Mettini Guadalupe , Rispolo Florencia Daniela , D´Angelo María Victoria , Narvaez Marcos , Fontanini Dámaris
Published: August 2024

La seguridad alimentaria es actualmente, y desde hace un largo tiempo, un desafío a escala global cada vez más preocupante. Usualmente se asocia esta problemática con la escasez de alimentos, sin embargo, sus raíces e implicancias son bastante más amplias y complejas. De este modo, a pesar de ser reconocido como un derecho humano fundamental, su cumplimiento sigue siendo un problema sin resolver en muchas regiones, especialmente en países en desarrollo como el nuestro.
Abordar esta cuestión implica reflexionar sobre la oferta y distribución de alimentos, los factores económicos y sociales, desigualdad en el acceso a recursos, sistemas de producción, aspectos culturales, políticas y regulaciones inadecuadas y el impacto de la crisis ecológica, entre muchos otros. Esto significa que estudiar esta problemática supone, por un lado, reconocer la multiplicidad de aristas presentes y, por otro, intentar construir una mirada integral y multidimensional. 
Este artículo se propone explorar los aspectos sociales y políticos de la seguridad alimentaria. De esta forma, el objeto del trabajo fue contribuir a la comprensión de la problemática de la seguridad alimentaria a nivel local y nacional, asumiendo la multidimensionalidad de este fenómeno. Para ello se realizó un breve recorrido histórico por la definición del concepto de seguridad alimentaria, se reconstruyó el estado de la cuestión a partir de estadísticas sobre las condiciones de alimentación de la población mundial y local y, finalmente, se reflexionó sobre los modelos productivos vigentes y el accionar estatal frente a este flagelo.
SEKO ALAS MLEBU GELAS
Authors: Soehadha Moh
Published: August 2024

Coffee is a potential commodity in Tegalsari, Menoreh Hills, Kulonprogo. Despite the potential for development, proper "black gold" cultivation activities; such as red picking, post-harvest handling, roasting, marketing and brewing methods have not yet become a culture among coffee farmers. Therefore, empowerment of coffee farmers through training is important. The research method and empowerment strategy were carried out using Participatory Action Research (PAR) procedures. The strategy of empowering coffee farmers was carried out through a process of adaptive, collaborative, and interactive with coffee farmers and enthusiasts as well as the local community of Menoreh. The three strategies are used to find a meeting point between the socio-cultural system of the coffee farming community and the coffee-loving community as stakeholders. The results of the analysis of the living conditions of coffee farmers in Tegalsari showed that the main problem for farmers to develop the coffee business is knowledge and technology. Based on these conditions, training was conducted for coffee farmers with materials; cultivation, post-harvest and brewing. The results of the training showed that the farmers were generally enthusiastic in participating in the training. There was an increase in knowledge based on the pre-test and post-test results. The key to increasing the income of coffee farmers is when they can unite the upstream activities of cultivation and post-harvest with the downstream activities of processing, roasting and brewing or in the expression bringing coffee "seko alas mlebu gelas" (from the field in the forest to the glass).
PENGEMBANGAN POTENSI DESA KEBONAGUNG, KABUPATEN GRESIK MELAUI SOSIALISASI DAN PELATIHAN PENGOLAHAN JERUK
Authors: Syihabuddin Muhammad , Alfah Anis Zaidah  , Luthfi Nurul Huda
Published: August 2024

Kebonagung Village, Gresik Regency has extraordinary natural potential. The fertile soil makes Kebonagung one of the centers for producing quality limes. However, due to various reasons, such as the outbreak of the Covid-19 pandemic, sales of limes have decreased. That’s why, adaptations are needed so the sustainability of this potential is maintained. One alternative is to conduct socialization and training on lime processing for the community. This processing involves many elements of society, such as farmers, village governments, and Village-Owned Enterprises (BUMDes). BUMDes has an important role in maximizing the marketing of community products. This training processes limes into high-value products such as syrup, ice cream, and soap. In addition to reducing the waste generated from unsold limes, this also increases the selling value of products made by the community. The enthusiasm of PKK members was also seen. The PKK women (Family Welfare Empowerment) want to make the experiment done by the students of KKN (Community Service Program) of UIN Sunan Kalijaga Yogyakarta into one of the village products worthy of being marketed. Community involvement is important so the community is not only an object in empowerment but also becomes a subject in this empowerment program.
PENDAMPINGAN SERTIFIKASI HALAL KERUPUK RAMBAK KULIT DUSUN CEGOKAN DESA WONOLELO KABUPATEN BANTUL
Authors: Imelda Fajriati  , Diza Harris Pratiwi  , Abdul Aziz  , Prabawati Susy Yunita
Published: August 2024

Assistance for halal certification for Micro Small Businesses of Wonolelo Bantul leather rambak crackers has been carried out in order to support the acceleration of halal product guarantees as mandated by Law No. 33 of 2014. Micro and small business actors (MSEs) are the largest producers of food and beverage products that are subject to mandatory halal because of the increasing number of MSE commodities. The assistance method is carried out by providing socialization and education carried out in groups and individually, followed by discussion and interpretation of the identification results during the assistance process. The results of the assistance obtained that10 business actors in Cegokan, Wonolelo Bantul who were assisted to obtain halal certificates generally met the criteria for halal product processes in accordance with the provisions of the SJPH (Halal Product Guarantee System). Business actors have understood and followed the provisions in applying for halal certification. However, rambak  cracker products still have difficulty getting raw materials from halal-certified slaughterhouses. The supply of raw materials is temporarily obtained from collectors, making it relatively difficult to follow the principle of tracebelity.
REDESAIN ALAT IRAT BAMBU BERBASIS ERGONOMI PADA PENGRAJIN ANYAMAN BAMBU DI DESA JEPANG KABUPATEN KUDUS
Authors: Akh Sokhibi  , Dina Tauhida  , Christata Bellachintya Reira , Vikha Indira Asri  , Eko Darmanto
Published: August 2024

Jepang Village, Mejobo District, Kudus Regency is a village dominated by bamboo weaving artisans. Bamboo weaving activities in Jepang villages are carried out every day as a livelihood using knife as a main tool. In their daily lives, people often complain about the use of knives as an irat tool often injuring their hands, being uncomfortable and inefficient use evidenced by the quite a long time needed in grinding bamboo. Therefore, this service aims to design ergonomics-based bamboo irat tools so that the woven craftsman community can be safe and comfortable in grinding bamboo. The stages in making ergonomics-based bamboo irat tools are taking anthropometric data, testing data adequacy and data diversity, percentile analysis, determining knife size, drawing knife designs, and making knives. In the community service in the Jepang Village, the customers in question are the bamboo weaving craftsmen in the village, and the product in question is a bamboo irat tool. The expected output of this activity is the creation of ergonomic bamboo weaving tools, so that craftsmen are able to carry out the process of making woven bamboo comfortably, safely, and get maximum output.
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Desa Jepang, Kecamatan Mejobo, Kabupaten Kudus merupakan satu desa yang didominasi oleh perajin anyaman bambu. Aktivitas menganyam bambu di Desa Jepang dilakukan setiap harinya sebagai mata pencaharian dengan alat utamanya adalah pisau. Dalam kesehariannya masyarakat sering mengeluhkan penggunaan pisau sebagai alat irat sering melukai tangan, tidak nyaman dan tidak efisien dibuktikan dengan waktu yang dibutuhkan dalam mengirat bambu menghabiskan waktu yang lama. Maka dari itu pengabdian ini bertujuan untuk merancang alat irat bambu berbasis ergonomi agar masyarakat perajin anyaman dapat aman dan nyaman dalam mengirat bambu. Tahapan dalam pembuatan alat irat bambu berbasis ergonomi adalah melakukan pengambilan data antropometri, pengujian kecukupan data dan kesragaman data, analisis persentil, menentukan ukuran pisau, menggambar desain pisau, dan membuat pisau. Pada pengabdian masyarakat di Desa Jepang, pelanggan yang dimaksud adalah para perajin anyaman bambu di desa tersebut, dan produk yang dimaksud adalah alat irat bambu. Kegiatan pengabdian ini telah menciptakan alat pengirat bambu yang ergonomis, agar para perajin mampu melakukan proses pembuatan anyaman bambu dengan nyaman, aman, dan mendapatkan output yang maksimal.
Russia – ASEAN Relations Under Current Circumstances
Authors:   Economic Research Institute FEB RAS, Dyomina Yana
Published: August 2024

The author analyzes reactions of the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) to the Russian-Ukrainian conflict. The results show that positions of ASEAN member states are poorly correlated with the dynamics of their trade with the Russian Federation. Thus, despite the fact that the political reaction of the Association member states to the Russian-Ukrainian conflict remains mostly neutral, ASEAN’s trade turnover with Russia decreased by 15,4% in 2022 compared to 2021. This was due to the lessening of Russian imports (a sharp decline occurred in Q2 2022). Supplies to Russia decreased from all ASEAN member states, while exports from Russia shrank to Singapore, Thailand and Vietnam. The largest decrease in trade volumes in March 2022 was with Vietnam. In general, the reduction in bilateral trade was not destructive due to Russia’s modest share in ASEAN’s trade turnover (less than 1% on average for 2012–2023). Trade dynamics were largely influenced by US, Japan and EU sanctions against the Russian Federation, which affected payment and insurance transactions, maritime transportation, as well as reputational risks of multinational companies operating in East Asia
China’s Border Trade amid Global Challenges
Authors:   Economic Research Institute FEB RAS, Izotov Dmitry
Published: August 2024

The purpose of this study is to analyze the dynamics and structure of Chinese border trade in the context of current global challenges. Border trade is an important source of economic development for some Chinese regions, despite its small share in China’s foreign trade. The article identifies changes in Chinese border trade in the early 2020s: restrictions related to COVID-19 contributed to the development of other forms of trade; sanctions against Russia stimulated an increase in the share of border trade in favor of the EAEU countries. It is shown that the PRC’s border trade was constrained by direct supplies of goods, underdeveloped border infrastructure, the small scale of border markets, informal trade and the «frozen» border conflicts. The implementation by China of different models in the development of border trade has been revealed. An increase in the share of the Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region in the border trade of the PRC was discovered, which has become a trade hub between China and the EAEU countries. It is shown that in North-East China, the bulk of trade turnover with Russia was formed by direct supplies of goods, bypassing border trade, indicating stagnation in cross-border cooperation between countries in the Far Eastern territory
Foreign Trade of the Far Eastern Federal District in the First Half of 2024
Authors:   Economic Research Institute FEB RAS, Mazitova Marina
Published: August 2024

Based on open sources, the factors that influenced the dynamics of foreign trade indicators of the Far Eastern Federal District in the first half of 2024 were identified. Among the factors that determined the exports, the following were highlighted: a reduction in demand from countries that are the main importers of Far Eastern products, due to sanctions pressure and global trends; unfavorable price conditions for almost all main commodity items of Far Eastern exports; export restrictions introduced in the Russian Federation from 2022. The stability in import supplies through the FEFD was significantly influenced during this period by the reorientation of commodity flows from the western regions
Faces of Economics: Science, Business, Politics
Authors:   Economic Research Institute FEB RAS, Minakir Pavel
Published: August 2024

A synopsis of one of the open lectures of the outstanding Russian economist, Academician of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Doctor of Economics, Professor Pavel Aleksandrovich Minakir (1947– 2023), delivered by the author at the Far Eastern State Scientific Library (Khabarovsk) at the end of 2016, is published. In this topic from the series of lectures «The Complex Simplicity of Economics. Myths and Realities: The World, Russia, the Far East» examines the processes of interaction between economic and political aspects of social activity. The flaws of the market economy and politics, the mutual influence of political and business structures in the choice of economic actions and decisions are analyzed in detail. The relationship between the degree of guardianship by the state and the political system over the economy and the efficiency of the economy itself is assessed
Molecular surface coverage standards by reference-free GIXRF supporting SERS and SEIRA substrate benchmarking
Authors: Cara Eleonora , Hönicke Philipp , Kayser Yves , Beckhoff Burkhard , Giovannozzi Andrea M. , Klapetek Petr , Zoccante Alberto , Cossi Maurizio , Tay Li-Lin , Boarino Luca , Ferrarese Lupi Federico
Published: August 2024

Non-destructive reference-free grazing incidence X-ray fluorescence (RF-GIXRF) is proposed as a highly effective analytical technique for extracting molecular arrangement density in self-assembled monolayers. The establishment of surface density standards through RF-GIXRF impacts various applications, from calibrating laboratory XRF setups to expanding its applicability in materials science, particularly in surface coating scenarios with molecular assemblies. Accurate determination of coverage density is crucial for proper functionalization and interaction, such as in assessing the surface concentration of probes on plasmonic nanostructures. However, limited synchrotron radiation access hinders widespread use, prompting the need for molecular surface density standards, especially for benchmarking substrates for surface-enhanced Raman and infrared absorption spectroscopies (SERS and SEIRA) as well as associated surface-enhanced techniques. Using reproducible densities on gold ensures a solid evaluation of the number of molecules contributing to enhanced signals, facilitating comparability across substrates. The research discusses the importance of employing molecular surface density standards for advancing the field of surface-enhanced spectroscopies, encouraging collaborative efforts in protocol development and benchmarking in surface science.
Hybrid plasmonic nanodiamonds for thermometry and local photothermal therapy of melanoma: a comparative study
Authors: Gerasimova Elena N. , Fatkhutdinova Landysh I. , Vazhenin Ivan I. , Uvarov Egor I. , Vysotina Elizaveta , Mikhailova Lidia , Lazareva Polina A. , Kostyushev Dmitry , Abakumov Maxim , Parodi Alessandro , Yaroshenko Vitaly V. , Zuev Dmitry A. , Zyuzin Mikhail V.
Published: August 2024

Hyperthermia plays a significant role in cancer treatment by inducing cell damage through temperature elevation, often used alongside other treatment modalities. During hyperthermia therapy, temperature control is crucial. Here, we report on a simple synthesis route of hybrid plasmonic nanodiamonds either completely wrapped with an Au shell (NV@Au) or densely covered with Au NPs (NV@SiO

2

@Au). Such integration of nanodiamonds with Au NPs is advantageous both for heating and precise thermometry at nanoscale. After structural and optical investigations, heating abilities of the obtained plasmonic nanodiamonds were thoroughly inspected on glass, in association with living cells, and in tissue slices ex vivo, revealing their effective heat generation under excitation with light using a single excitation source. The developed hybrid plasmonic nanodiamonds were finally applied for local photothermal therapy of melanoma in vivo, demonstrating their efficacy in eradicating cancer cells and monitoring temperature during the process.
Extraction, purification, characterization and antidiabetic mechanisms of plant polysaccharides: a critical review
Authors: Li Meng , Law Douglas , Zhu Song , Najm Ahmed Abdul kareem , Fazry Shazrul , Othman Babul Airianah
Published: August 2024

Diabetes mellitus (DM) represents a heterogeneous and multifactorial metabolic disorder, leading to diverse economic challenges and health complications, significantly affecting individuals’ lives. Type 2 diabetes (T2DM) stands as the predominant form of diabetes, with its onset influenced by a range of genetic and environmental factors. Currently, conventional diabetic medications are employed in clinical practice, but they may entail certain side effects. Fortunately, diverse natural polysaccharides extracted from plants exhibit antidiabetic properties, which have been demonstrated to effectively mitigate hyperglycemia, reverse insulin resistance, and forestall complications associated with diabetes. Consequently, exploring the utilization of these polysaccharides as adjuncts to conventional therapies has emerged as a novel research direction in recent years. Thus, this review centers on the extraction, purification, and characterization of plant polysaccharides, providing an overview of the advancements in the antidiabetic effects and mechanisms of natural polysaccharides. This perspective offers fresh insights to explore potential research domains and enhances understanding for the development of diabetic drugs derived from polysaccharides.
Violência e política no Brasil
Authors: Cardoso Brum Janaina
Published: August 2024

O discurso de ódio vem tomando lugar de destaque nas discussões políticas do Brasil. No presente trabalho, apresentamos uma definição discursiva da prática discursiva da intolerância. Entendemos que essa prática dá-se não só na relação entre sujeitos, mas como sistemática, pois decorre também da estrutura político-econômica. Apesar de haver um número considerável de estudos sobre discurso de ódio em relação a “minorias”, como gênero e raça, verificamos o pouco número de trabalhos que tratem especificamente de práticas discursivas de intolerância política. A emergência de um discurso intolerante propriamente político parece-nos sintomática do acirramento político dissimulado sob a aparência da não-política, da não-ideologia, ao mesmo tempo em que figura como sua sustentação discursiva. Sob as bases teóricas da Análise de Discurso pêcheuxtiana, investigamos a repercussão de cursos sobre o golpe de 2016 – o impeachment da presidenta Dilma Rousseff – no site G1.
Discurso, corpo e linguagem na constituição subjetiva
Authors: Iost Vinhas Luciana
Published: August 2024

O presente trabalho tem o objetivo de resgatar a noção de corpolinguagem discursivo, proposta em Vinhas (2014), trazendo elementos para a consideração da concepção de sujeito da Análise do Discurso enquanto constitutivamente atravessada pelo corpo, pelo discurso e pela linguagem. É realizada uma retomada da forma como a concepção de subjetividade se desenvolveu no seio dos estudos em Análise do Discurso, para, então, se chegar à articulação necessária entre materialismo histórico e psicanálise no processo de interpelação ideológica. O corpo, então, conforme se propõe, é fundamental para se pensar sobre a articulação entre inconsciente e ideologia no processo de constituição do sujeito e do sentido.
Cinismo e ato falho no discurso político-midiático
Authors: Graça Ernst Aracy
Published: August 2024

Diante do quadro nefasto da política brasileira, coloca-se o desafio de descrever e interpretar enunciados político-midiáticos que circulam na sociedade com vistas à compreensão de seu modo próprio de dizer em que a falsificação da palavra − com a consequente sonegação ou alijamento da verdade − através do cinismo, desvela-se no ato falho. Parto, portanto, da premissa de que o dizer político-midiático, em sua forma cínica atual, caracteriza-se pelo "mentir sob o disfarce da verdade" (ŽIŽEK, 1996, p. 14) que, no entanto, mediante a substituição, desvio, inversão ou omissão de significantes, processos característicos do ato falho em que o inconsciente realiza uma fratura no dizer, produz-se discursivamente, de forma inesperada e aparentemente estranha, aquilo que se desejaria esconder.
An Open-Source 3D–Printed Recording Stage with Customizable Chambers for Ex Vivo Experiments
Authors: Withers Preston C. , Morrill Hunter J. , Parrish R. Ryley
Published: August 2024

Much of what has been discovered concerning neurophysiological mechanisms can be credited to ex vivo biomedical experiments. Beyond these discoveries, ex vivo research techniques have enhanced the global understanding of human physiology and pathology in almost every biomedical specialty. Naturally, ex vivo experiments are among the most desired methods of research, particularly in the field of neuroscience. Ex vivo experiment platforms may be purchased commercially. However, their substantial cost and sometimes limited availability can render them inaccessible to many research labs. Moreover, these manufactured systems are often rigid in function with no possibility of customization, severely narrowing their capabilities. However, developing essential components for ex vivo laboratory systems with a fused deposition modeling printer provides a practical solution to each of these obstacles. Here, we provide the designs and construction process for an easily accessible, highly adaptable recording stage with modifiable submersion chambers using a 3D printer for a total cost under $15.00. With the versatility afforded by the exchangeable custom chambers, the system may be used to conduct research on a variety of ex vivo tissue preparations, paving the way for novel research.
Formalized Harmony
Authors: Roselló Pau
Published: August 2024

Different theories have been proposed to explain the perception of a root in a pitch set, with Terhardt’s (1984) virtual pitch theory being the one generally considered most plausible, despite none of them having been confirmed empirically. Understanding the perceived root phenomenon is an essential component in explaining the origin of the major and minor triads as the most fundamental chords in twelve-tone equal temperament or 5-limit just intonation, as well as in proposing new chords for new tunings. This music perception study, in which 42 participants rated chords in 10 different tunings, empirically establishes harmonic dualism, negative harmony, and Barlow’s harmonicity as the key factors for the perception of the harmonic root and the origin of the major and minor triads, and proposes a model as a basis for a tuning-agnostic—trans-spatial—music theory.
The Relationship Between Dominance and Cyber Dating Abuse in Dating as Early Adults
Authors: Mega Asri Meilina  , Amri Hana Muhammad
Published: August 2024

Technology has various applications, including communication with partners. However, cyber dating abuse can negatively impact relationships. This behavior victimizes partners through online media and can stem from dominance in the relationship. Early adulthood is a time when individuals begin to engage in more intimate romantic relationships, which may increase the risk of cyber dating abuse. This correlational quantitative study aims to determine the relationship between dominance and cyber dating abuse in early adults who are dating. The sample consisted of 255 early adults who are dating and was selected using accidental sampling. The study employed the dominance and cyber dating abuse scale instruments for data collection, each comprising of 27 valid items. The reliability coefficient values for the dominance and cyber dating abuse scales were 0.913 and 0.970, respectively. The data was analyzed using Spearman Rho with a significance value (p) of 0.000 and a correlation coefficient (r) of 0.709. The analysis results indicate that dominance falls within the moderate category, while cyber dating abuse falls within the low category. Therefore, we can conclude that the hypothesis stating “There is a relationship between dominance and cyber dating abuse in early adults who are dating” is accepted. In other words, the higher the dominance in the relationship, the higher the cyber dating abuse in early adults who are dating, and vice versa
Document publication. Survey of 1545 Livonia and the Great Duchy of Lithuania borderline audit (Livonian officers report)
Authors: Čelkis Tomas , Antanavičius Darius
Published: August 2024

This is the publication of 1545, the borderline audit between Livonia and the Great Duchy of Lithuania (GDL) reported by the Livonian officers. Such verification documents containing an explicit borderline description are infrequent. Unilateral line reviews are usual in sovereign office correspondence with a neighbor state, informing the latter about the practice that had been undertaken. Border marks, such as stones with incused Livonian crosses or the GDL blazon horseman Vytis confer to the publication of this document an exceptional value in Livonia and GDL borderline studies. Specifically, iconographic information and the depicted border mark "sculpture" are particularly important to the researchers. The document contains facts about the border marks deranged by the GDL inhabitants (it was common to blame them on damaging the other side), but more important is the fact that the ways of damaging are also mentioned; for instance, marks made on trees were burnt. Such records are especially rare. The document contains toponymic and geographical information as well: the mound names by the borderline and even the temple on one of the mounds are mentioned. With all this in mind, the publication becomes a great asset in historical geography and cartography studies.
Intemational Conferences in Vilnius Little Known for Lithuanian Historians
Authors: Kasperavičius Algis Povilas
Published: August 2024

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Шлях до визнання наукового дослідження світового значення в галузі генетики
Authors: Гершензон Злата Сергіївна
Published: August 2024

У 1960 р. професор Сергій Михайлович Гершензон, який тоді очолював відділ генетики в Інституті зоології АН УРСР, висунув гіпотезу про можливість передання генетичної інформації від РНК до ДНК і разом зі співробітниками відділу провів дослідження, які вперше експериментально довели, що таке явище існує. Більшість колег скептично поста-вилися до отриманих результатів, вважаючи їх неправдоподібними. У статті на основі документальних матеріалів з родинного архіву С.М. Гершензона показано, як складно було науковій істині торувати шлях до визнання в умовах панування конформістських поглядів і як при цьому країна втрачала пріоритет проривних досягнень у науці.
Filosofia moral e artes narrativas
Authors: Missaggia Juliana
Published: August 2024

O objetivo do texto é analisar como a obra de Iris Murdoch dialoga com a de Martha Nussbaum no que se refere à relação entre artes narrativas e moralidade. Em particular, investiga-se a importância da experiência artística e imaginativa na constituição da moralidade. Para realizar tal análise, a exposição segue três passos principais: primeiramente, uma breve investigação sobre as considerações de Murdoch no que se refere às relações entre moralidade e artes narrativas; a seguir, apresenta-se o mesmo tema na obra de Nussbaum, e, por fim, examinam-se alguns acordos e desacordos entre as filósofas, procurando problematizar questões mais gerais sobre as diferenças entre as concepções de filosofia moral presentes em suas obras.
Case report: the role of transcatheter arterial embolization in the management of gastrointestinal bleeding
Authors: Andryanto Jonathan , Sitanggang Firman Parulian , Patriawan Putu
Published: August 2024

Introduction: Rectal bleeding is a common cause of chronic bleeding in hospitals. It can lead to anemia and affect a person's quality of life. To treat chronic hemorrhoidal disease, rectal artery embolization is safe, efficient, and minimally invasive, allowing for arterial rectal embolization. In this case report, we aimed to present a rectal bleeding case that has been well managed by using transcatheter arterial embolization.
Case Presentation: A 20-year-old male patient came with complaints of haematochezia and anemia that had been felt for 2 days. The patient came to the emergency department of Prof. Ngoerah General Hospital, and lab tests and vital signs were carried out, which resulted in a hemoglobin of around 2.5 g/dl and a significantly decreased blood pressure of 95/65mmHg. If necessary, the patient was referred to interventional radiology for digital subtraction angiography and embolization.
Conclusion: Transcatheter arterial embolization is an effective treatment option. It has few side effects, causes minimal blood loss, and shortens hospital stays.