bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Examining the Slavic Identity in the Middle Ages: Perception of Common Sense of Slavic Community in Polish and Bohemian Medieval Chronicles
Authors: Mesiarkin Adam
Published: August 2019

The concept of Slavic solidarity is taken by some political or ideological movements as obviosity. In its later tradition it is based mainly on the language and cultural solidarity emphasised by romantic (and earlier) literature. The very origin of closeness of nowadays (and historical) Slavic nations is there traced to assumed bio-historical root. From the perspective of scientific analysis the examination of the whole term Slav should be done at first place. In medieval Polish and Bohemian chronicles we can observe a growing phenomenon of the identification with wider name Slav and with the common history of Slavs as well. In the Chronicle of Greater Poland, followed by chronicle of the Pulkava of Radenin and with the work of Jan Długosz was defined the model of biblical genealogy of Slavic nations. The solidarity was based mainly on the perception of similar languages and geographical closeness and was transformed in a literary way into blood relations. Reflection of this literary concept in foreing affairs is hardly to declare, but some dynastical representatives used the intelectual concept in a literary propaganda of their goals.
Vom Nutzen der patristischen Literatur für die Erforschung der spätantiken Wirtschaft: das Beispiel der griechischen Kirchenväter des 4. Jahrhunderts
Authors: Milewski Ireneusz
Published: August 2019

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Possessive Adjectives Formed from Personal Names in Polish Translations of the New Testament
Authors: Zarębski Rafał
Published: August 2019

The study focused on possessive adjectives derived by means of the suffixes -ow(y), -in, -sk- formed from proper personal names in old and contemporary translations of the New Testament. Adjectival derivatives have been excerpted from 15 full and 6 incomplete translations of the New Testament, which date back to the 16th, 17th and 20th century. These translations differ in methods of translation (loose and word-for-word; philological, interlinear, ecumenical, dynamic and artistic) and its basis (Greek original or Latin Vulgate). The comparative analysis of old and contemporary translations shows that possessive adjectives, though used frequently in former times, are now going out of use and the substantival genitival attribute is taking their place. This phenomenon is reflected in processes linked with the development of the Polish language. Moreover, tracking the use of the type of adjectives analysed can be used to distinguish various methods of translation. The use of possessive adjectives in contemporary texts suggests respect for the tradition of translation, whereas the failure to use them – the modernization of Polish.
Integrated Disease Management for Pigeonpea Wilt Caused by Fusarium udum
Authors: Sharma RL , Mishra Tushar , Bhagat Rakesh , Swarnkar Vivek
Published: August 2019

Field experiments were conducted during Kharif seasons of 2013 and 2014 in the farmer's field of Gariyaband, Chhattisgarh, India to find out different integrated management levels of control schedule for pigeonpea wilt disease. All treatments had a significant effect on germination percent, disease incidence, seed yield and disease index in both the consecutive years of experimentation. T4–Seed treatment with Thiram + Carbendazim+ Trichoderma viride + Rhizobium + Soil application of Trichoderma viride, resulted in higher germination percentage (96.8 and 97.2), wilt incidence percent at 60 DAS (2.97 and 3.15), wilt incidence per cent at 150 DAS (9.68 and 7.65) and seed yield (15.10 and 16.28 q ha-1) during 2013 and 2014, respectively and was found superior over rest of the treatments. The loss in pigeonpea yield was up to the tune of 18.86 to 54.24% due to the incidence of wilt disease.
A Study of Body Weight and Its Relation with Linear Body Measurements in Piglets Fed Different Feed Formulation
Authors: Tissopi Monica , Bordoloi JP , Saharia J , Kro Rajib
Published: August 2019

The present experiment was carried out to study the body weight and its relation with the linear body measurements of pre-weaned piglets fed with different feed formulation viz., T0 (fed conventional creep feed), T1 (fed 5% milk powder supplemented creep feed), T2 (fed probiotics supplemented creep feed ) and T3 (fed creep feed supplemented with 5% milk powder and probiotics). The final body weights at 8th weeks of age were highest in T3 (12.395 ± 0.051 kg) followed by T2 (11.230 ± 0.094), T1 (9.940 ± 0.103) and T0 (8.781 ± 0.073). These findings indicated a positive effect of added supplement in the body weight of pre-weaned piglets. The results showed that the linear body measurements of the piglets maintained a positive correlation with body weight and increased steadily with a significant effect (p 0.001) of treatment on all three traits. piglets, probiotics.
Studies on genetic parameters, correlation and path coefficient analysis in er2 introgressed garden pea genotypes
Authors: Rahman Aziz Ur , Katoch Viveka , Rathour Rajeev , Sharma Shweta , Rana S. S. , Sharma Akhilesh Sharma
Published: August 2019

The present investigation was undertaken to estimate the genetic variability, correlation and path coefficient in seven er2 (powdery mildew resistant gene) introgressed lines along with four standard checks in garden pea for different horticultural traits. The analysis of variance showed large variability among all the genotypes studied. The magnitude of phenotypic coefficient of variation was higher than the genotypic coefficient of variation for all the traits. High heritability estimates coupled with high genetic gain were recorded for number of seeds per pod, number of primary branches per plant and pod yield per plant indicating that these traits are governed by additive genes and selection in early generation may be effective. Number of seeds per pod had significant and strong positive association with pod yield per plant both at genotypic and phenotypic levels and number of primary branches per plant at genotypic levels indicating that selection can be made on the basis of these characters for improving yield. Results of path analysis revealed that days to 50 per cent flowering, number of pods per plant and shelling percentage had maximum positive direct effect on pod yield per plant. Hence, these characters can be considered as the most important traits for selecting high yielding genotypes in pea improvement programme.
Knowledge, Attitude, and Practice of Healthcare Professionals Regarding Family Presence During Resuscitation: An Interventional Study in a Tertiary Care Setting, Karachi, Pakistan
Authors: Meghani Shaista , Karmaliani Rozina , Ajani Khairulnissa , Shehzad Bhamani Shireen , Khan Nadeem Ullah , Lalani Nasreen
Published: August 2019

Background: Family presence during resuscitation (FPDR) has not been fully adopted by healthcare professionals (HCPs), especially physicians and nurses. However, the concept of FPDR is gradually gaining recognition around the world. There are no guidelines or policies in Pakistan to guide HCPs in their practice regarding FPDR. However, over time, patients' and families' rights have gained recognition and healthcare has progressed to become more patient–family centered. Aim: The study aims to evaluate the impact of an educational program on knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP) of HCPs towards FPDR in ED, at a tertiary care setting, in Karachi, Pakistan. Methods: A quasi-experimental pretest and posttest design was used. KAP of ED nurses and physicians were assessed before (pretest), immediately after (posttest I), and at two weeks (posttest II) after the educational intervention, which includes an hour of educational training session. Results: The mean scores of knowledge and attitude of HCPs at all three points (pretest, posttest I, and posttest II) were found to be statistically significant (p < .001). There was a significant difference between pre- and posttest I, and posttest II (p < .001), but not between the two posttests. No significant difference was observed regarding practice scores. Conclusion: The study tested an educational intervention for FPDR, which was found to be effective in improving the HCPs' knowledge and in changing their attitude. Based on these results, FPDR-specific training, with structured FPDR guidelines using a multidisciplinary team approach are essential for the implementation of FPDR.
Planeamiento urbanístico y cambio climático: la infraestructura verde como estrategia de adaptación = Urban planning and climate change: green infrastructure as an adaptation strategy
Authors: García Sánchez Francisco J.
Published: August 2019

La integración de la adaptación al cambio climático en la planificación de los usos del suelo, así como la evaluación de este proceso, se han situado de forma preferente en las políticas urbanas y en los ámbitos de gestión de las ciudades. La tesis doctoral en la que se apoya este documento aporta herramientas que permiten incorporar con éxito las estrategias de adaptación a los procesos de planificación urbanística. Entre las herramientas detectadas, la infraestructura verde juega un papel crucial en la definición de estrategias de adaptación al cambio climático. A partir de la investigación realizada se ha propuesto un marco de indicadores y parámetros de referencia para la evaluación de la capacidad adaptativa en la planificación urbanística. La aplicación a dos casos de estudio en EE. UU. (Red Hook, Brooklyn, Nueva York) y España (Zorrotzaurre, Bilbao) ha permitido validar e implementar su utilidad como instrumentos para la planificación, así como para su seguimiento y evaluación.Abstract:The integration of adaptation to climate change into land use planning, and the monitoring and evaluation mechanisms of this process, have been preferentially placed in urban policies and city management. This research work provides tools that enable successful incorporation of adaptation strategies into urban planning processes. Among the tools identified, green infrastructure plays a key role in defining strategies for adapting cities to climate change. Based on the research carried out, an indicator framework and benchmarks for adaptive capacity assessment have been proposed. The application on two case-studies in The United States (Red Hook, Brooklyn, NY) and Spain (Zorrotzaurre, Bilbao) has enabled the tools’ validation and implementation as instruments for planning, as well as for monitoring and evaluation of their adaptive capacity.
JUSTIÇA RESTAURATIVA COMO PRÁTICA DE RESOLUÇÃO DE CONFLITOS
Authors: Almeida Cristiane Roque de , Pinheiro Gabriela Arantes
Published: August 2019

Neste artigo, a partir de pesquisa descritiva, e análise bibliográfica e documental, apresenta-se um resgate histórico e conceitual acerca da evolução da Justiça Restaurativa e de suas práticas, que passaram de meras atividades consensuais executadas por comunidades indígenas, para um procedimento próprio regulamentado e uniformizado de acordo com a realidade do lugar de sua aplicação. Trata-se de um recorte da pesquisa “Justiça Restaurativa no Estado do Tocantins: perspectivas de cidadania e participação social”, em que se analisou o panorama local para o desenvolvimento da Justiça Restaurativa no Tocantins e o processo de institucionalização e implementação dessa modalidade consensual de resolução de conflitos, cujo programa de ampliação e sistematização vem sendo amplamente fomentado e desenvolvido.

Palavras-chave:Justiça Restaurativa. Medidas alternativas de solução de conflitos. Pacificação social.
AVALIAÇÃO DO USO DO SISTEMA AGROECOLÓGICO POR FAMÍLIAS RESIDENTES DA COMUNIDADE MATINHA
Authors: Pessoa Lannatanya Corrêa , Borges Samuel Marques , Guimarães Ana Paula Martins , Lopes Josenilda Guimarães
Published: August 2019

A agroecologia é caracterizada como um dos sistemas de maior impacto voltado à sustentabilidade e tem o objetivo de resgatar a dignidade humana e dos agricultores envolvidos neste processo, que por sua vez ao longo do tempo domesticaram plantações e animais, mantendo assim a diversidade genética das espécies utilizadas pelo ser humano que é utilizada pela espécie humana. Foi realizado um levantamento da quantidade de famílias que utilizam o sistema agroecológico na Comunidade Rural Matinha que fica situada na divisa entre os municípios de Colmeia e Guaraí, Tocantins. O principal objetivo da agroecologia é proporcionar bases científicas, para apoiar o processo de transição do atual modelo de agricultura convencional, para estilo de agricultura sustentável.  Percebeu-se ao fim desta pesquisa que o modelo de agricultura de produção familiar é responsável pela distribuição de alimentos imprescindíveis para o mercado de consumo como, por exemplo, a mandioca, milho, arroz, leite, aves, frutas e verduras produzidas no campo.
CARACTERIZAÇÃO FITOQUÍMICA DE FRUTOS NATIVOS DO CERRADO (HANCORNIA SPECIOSA, CAMPOMANESIA XANTHOCARPA, EUGENIA DYSENTERICA) UMA BREVE REVISÃO.
Authors: Siqueira Millena Araujo de Souza , Coqueiro Karen Thayane de Oliveira , Zuninga Abraham
Published: August 2019

Os compostos antioxidantes são um grupo de compostos capazes de prevenir processos degenerativos associados a radicais livres no organismo. O presente estudo visa apresentar uma breve revisão sistemática da bibliografia da capacidade antioxidante dos determinados frutos do cerrado: mangaba, gabiroba e cagaita. Para elaboração desta revisão foi feita uma consulta nos bancos de dados Scielo e Lilacs. Foram encontrados um total de oito artigos que tratavam do tema antioxidantes e os frutos determinados. Todos os estudos mostram que os frutos do cerrado apresentam potencial antioxidante, sendo de interesse e recomendação na saúde humana. Há uma carência de estudos sobre frutos nativos do cerrado dessa forma ressalta-se a necessidade de mais estudos sobre o teor antioxidante dos frutos do cerrado, visto sua importância na indústria, economia e saúde.
ESTUDO SOBRE A POSSIBILIDADE DE GERAÇÃO DE ENERGIA A PARTIR DE RESÍDUOS DE SANEAMENTO (LIXO, ESGOTO).
Authors: Parente Costa Ingrid Parente , Abreu Yolanda Vieira de
Published: August 2019

A sociedade moderna tem suas cidades um local de desenvolvimento e crescimento econômico e cultural. Porém, estas apresentam grandes problemas sociais e ambientais que aumentam na mesma proporção do crescimento de sua população, da tecnologia e das atividades humanas, por meio do seu alarmante nível de consumo e consequentemente de produção de resíduos sólidos. Tais resíduos muitas vezes são manejados ou depositados em lugares inadequados ou não preparados para recebê-los, como lixões que podem provocar graves problemas socioambientais. Em 02.08.2010 foi aprovado pelo Congresso Nacional a Política Nacional de Resíduos Sólidos. Com a aprovação do marco regulatório do PNRS, estabelecem-se as diretrizes para a elaboração de planos municipais, regionais, estaduais e nacional. A prioridade é coordenar esforços entre os diferentes agentes do setor público para a diminuição da geração de resíduos; a logística reversa; e aproveitamento do subproduto destes resíduos para produção de energia. A ideia deste artigo é uma análise da importância econômica, social e ambiental da introdução da produção de energia, por meio dos resíduos sólidos, na Matriz Energética Brasileira, seja ela elétrica ou térmica, e suas vantagens para o meio ambiente, a sociedade e a economia, por meio a consulta de fontes bibliográficas pertinentes à temática.

Palavras chaves: Resíduos Sólidos; Biogás; Agroenergia.
METODOLOGIAS ATIVAS, TRANSDISCIPLINARIDADE E APRENDIZAGENS NA UNIVERSIDADE FEDERAL DE GOIÁS (UFG)
Authors: Suanno Marilza Vanessa Rosa , Lopes Flavio Marques , Deus Júnior Getúlio Antero de , Dewulf Nathalie de Lourdes Souza , Bollela Valdes
Published: August 2019

O presente artigo tem por objetivo apresentar três projetos de ensino desenvolvidos em cursos de graduação da Universidade Federal de Goiás – UFG, sendo eles: 1º) na Escola de Engenharia Elétrica, Mecânica e de Computação (EMC) o Prof. Dr. Getúlio Antero de Deus Júnior tem trabalhado com Aprendizagem Baseada em Problemas (PBL) e Aprendizagem Baseada por Meio de Projetos (PLE); 2º) na Faculdade de Farmácia (FF) o Prof. Dr. Flavio Marques Lopes e a Profa. Dra. Nathalie de Lourdes Souza Dewulf optaram por trabalhar com Aprendizagem Baseada em Equipe (TBL) e a partir dessa perspectiva desenvolveram a proposta de Aprendizagem Baseado em Casos Clínicos e Trabalho em Equipe (ABCTE) e 3º) na Faculdade de Educação (FE) a Profa. Dra. Marilza Suanno tem desenvolvido Projetos de Trabalho Transdisciplinares no intuito de pensar complexo e produzir aprendizagens multidimensionais. Tais projetos estão pautados em concepções e metodologias distintas, mas têm em comum o foco no/na: a) aprendizagem; b) ressignificação e inovação dos processos de ensino e dos ambientes de aprendizagem; c) relação entre teoria e prática; d) ensino com pesquisa; e) protagonismo e autonomia discente; f) trabalho coletivo, cooperativo, corresponsável e dialógico. Nesse artigo, se apresenta algumas discussões e resultados em torno das experiências relatadas.

Palavras-chave: Projetos de Ensino. Metodologias ativas. Transdisciplinaridade.
IDOSOS DEPENDENTES DE CUIDADOS DOMICILIARES: REVISÃO DE LITERATURA
Authors: Martins Denise Maria Cabral , Castro José Gerley Díaz
Published: August 2019

O envelhecimento acarreta alterações fisiológicas que limitam cada vez mais a capacidade de desempenhar atividades diárias, resultando na diminuição da autonomia funcional e consequentemente tornando-o frágil e dependente. Este trabalho tem o objetivo de revisar o conhecimento advindo da produção científica brasileira sobre o cuidado domiciliar de idosos dependentes, visando oferecer melhor suporte na atenção primária. Trata-se de uma revisão integrativa nas bases de dados MEDLINE, LILACS e SCIELO, de trabalhos científicos publicados no período de janeiro de 2012 a dezembro de 2016. Foi possível obter 38 artigos da pesquisa, destes 16 foram selecionados, a maioria publicado em 2013. Dentre os artigos que atenderam os critérios de seleção, 5 são de autoria de enfermeiros, 2 foram redigidos por médicos, 2 por médicos e enfermeiros,1 por médico e educador físico, 1 por enfermeiro e matemático, e em 5 não foi possível identificar a categoria profissional de seus autores. Após a análise dos artigos incluídos foi possível constatar a necessidade de avançar em estratégias que direcionem políticas públicas efetivas, a fim de proporcionar um envelhecimento ativo, melhorando a qualidade do cuidado, através da capacitação dos cuidadores, com a oferta de suporte dos profissionais de saúde.

Palavras-chave: Idoso dependente; Assistência Domiciliar.
Diagnóstico de daños en una edificación de principios del siglo XX en La Habana. Caso de estudio
Authors: Oroza Alberto Hernández , Hernández Rafael González
Published: August 2019

El objetivo del trabajo es hacer un diagnóstico del deterioro de una edificación de hormigón armado ubicada en La Habana Vieja, Cuba, construida en el año 1906. Debido a los años de explotación y falta de mantenimiento, el inmueble presenta desprendimientos de hormigón y grietas en casi todos los elementos estructurales. Para evaluar la vida de servicio se realizaron estudios de resistividad aparente del hormigón, ensayos químicos para cuantificar los niveles de cloruro libre y sulfato, ensayos de potenciales, pérdidas de sección de las barras, extracciones de probetas de hormigón y análisis visual de las lesiones presentes. Los resultados obtenidos demostraron que, aunque el inmueble presenta un avanzado deterioro, este puede ser rehabilitado siendo posible extender su tiempo de vida de servicio
Inspeção e avaliação dos sistemas de cobertura: um estudo de caso
Authors: Santos Lara Monalisa Alves dos , Andrade Lucas Ferreira de , Pereira Cláudio Henrique de Almeida Feitosa
Published: August 2019

O sistema de cobertura de um dos prédios da Universidade de Brasília - DF é caracterizado e avaliado. As principais anomalias existentes nos sistemas de telhado são analisadas e a prioridade de intervenção é sistematizada, a fim de correlacioná-las com as medidas corretivas. Os fatores limitantes para a inspeção das estruturas foram a acessibilidade, bem como a falta de projetos de intervenção. Os resultados obtidos relataram que as principais anomalias encontradas nos sistemas estão relacionadas à falta de manutenção. O estudo traz também, como contribuição, indicações e recomendações técnicas para a resolução de situações.
Membangun Peradaban Esoteris Berbasis Nilai-Nilai Spiritual: Studi Historis Sains Islam Abad Pertengahan
Authors: Rahman Fadhlu
Published: August 2019

The science of Islam in medieval times provides another perspective on human concepts and the progress of civilization. The values of monotheism look at the sides of spirituality as a measure of the progress of civilization. From it the definition of civilization gained new space and paved the way for the inherent potentials of humanity as the foundation for the progress of civilization as well as not reducing the quality of scientific sophistication. This paper aims to uncover the concept of the holistic paradigm and the history of Islamic science in the Middle Ages while also contextualizing it on the concept of Coomaraswamy spiritual civilization which has the theory of spiritual civilization, as a basis for the meaning of civilization with historical methods as well as descriptive analysis. Thus, my findings conclude that the paradigm of the progress of civilization has an esoteric perspective, and spirituality can be used as a measure of the progress of civilization besides not ignoring the materiality side in the form of sophistication of scientific science theories.
Spiritual Well-Being dalam Pandangan Tasawuf
Authors: Andriani Faricha
Published: August 2019

The aim this article was described or represented and explained to society about spiritual well-being in Sufism perspective and also had represented about spiritual well-being activities within life society. It also used necessary field research to discussion about it, then founded literature relevant in supported. Also could formulated problem research, there were; How was interpreted Sufism perspective in spiritual well-being?, What had spiritual well-being activities existed in society yet?. To answered those problems research used qualitative phenomenology method, with used unstructured and intimated interviews to data collected.  And also could result there were; spiritual well-being in society perspectives, achievement in spiritual well-being, detention in spiritual well-being, and roles family in achievement spiritual well-being, also attitude in spiritual well-being in society.
GENETIC DIVERSITY OF INDONESIAN SHALLOTS BASED ON BULB-TUNIC PATTERNS AND MORPHOLOGICAL CHARACTERS
Authors: Herlina Lina , Reflinur Reflinur , Sobir Sobir , Maharijaya Awang , Wiyono Suryo , Istiaji Bonjok
Published: August 2019

Variation within bulb tunics has been used to determine the genetic diversity in Allium species, including shallots. However, no such study has been reported for shallots of Indonesia. The study aimed to analyze the genetic diversity of the Indonesian shallots based on the bulb-tunic patterns. Thirty-five shallot genotypes from main production centers in Indonesia were used. The ultrasculptures of the bulb tunics were examined by light microscopy, including the inner surface and cell shape patterns of the bulb tunics. The phenotypic data, i.e. quantitative and qualitative traits were subjected to the descriptive statistics, principal component, correlation, regression, and clustering analyses. The results showed that the bulb-tunic cell patterns were varied, which shared almost identical with 13 Allium species. Total bulb weight per genotype showed the greatest variation (cv = 89.10%) and significant correlation with bulb weight per plant (r = 0.773). The principle component analyses showed the cumulative proportion of 78% of the total morphological variation in all shallot genotypes. Based on clustering analysis, the genetic variation of Indonesian shallots are grouped into twelve clusters with 50% genetic similarity. The study indicates that Indonesian shallots are genetically varied and could be useful for further utilization in their genetic improvement program.
TERRITÓRIOS E TERRITORIALIDADES NO BAIXO AMAZONAS: DINÂMICA SOCIOAMBIENTAL DA PESCA ARTESANAL NO COMPLEXO LACUSTRE MACURICANÃ / Territories and Territorialities in the Baixo Amazonas Region: socio- environment dynamics of of handcraft fishing
Authors: Souza Pires Vilsélia de , Scherer Elenise Faria
Published: August 2019

Este artigo apresenta uma parte dos resultados da dissertação de Mestrado intitulada “Dinâmica Socioambiental da Pesca Artesanal na APA/Nhamundá-Parintins” (2013-2015), submetida ao Programa de Pós-Graduação Ciências do Ambiente e Sustentabilidade na Amazônia da Universidade Federal do Amazonas – PPGCASA/UFAM. Trata-se de uma pesquisa de caráter observacional e descritiva, cujo objetivo principal foi conhecer a dinâmica da pesca artesanal da região do baixo Amazonas, numa extensa área lacustre, em uma unidade de conservação de uso sustentável, denominada APA/Nhamundá. A APA está localizada na confluência dos municípios de Parintins e Nhamundá e é formada por uma vasta região lacustre denominada Complexo Macuricanã. O ambiente contém uma diversidade de lagos, furos, igarapés, restingas e paranás que contribuem para a biodiversidade faunística, florística e ictiofaunística. Na região dos lagos encontram-se 33 comunidades com aproximadamente 1.305 famílias (AMAZONAS, 2013). A intensificação da pesca nos lagos, aliada à ausência de um Plano de Manejo na APA, corrobora para a existência de inúmeros conflitos em escala estadual, intermunicipal e intercomunidades. Os moradores das comunidades da APA estão estruturando paulatinamente territorialidades em toda a extensão dos lagos como forma de salvaguardar o território aquático, que consideram seu, e, consequentemente garantir a conservação dos recursos pesqueiros, importante fonte de sustento local.
MOBILIZAÇÃO E PARTICIPAÇÃO POLÍTICA NA GESTÃO DOS TERRITÓRIOS RURAIS/ Mobilization and political participation on the management of rural territories: experiences about social management in the rural territory at Baixo Amazonas, AM - Brazil
Authors: Rapozo Pedro , Alves Juliana Araújo
Published: August 2019

Os conceitos de governança e de gestão social no Território Rural do Baixo Amazonas, AM foram monitorados durante 3 anos pela Célula de Acompanhamento e Informação do Baixo Amazonas, AM. A Gestão Social pressupõe a existência de atores sociais e de gestores públicos capazes de levar adiante as estratégias de concentração dos agentes públicos e privados, em torno de um projeto comum de futuro, baseado na promoção dos trunfos de um território e na eliminação das barreiras e constrangimentos a que esse futuro se concretize. A Gestão do CODETER foi pensada a partir dos três eixos que compõem o questionário, a Mobilização e a Participação, o Funcionamento do CODETER como estrutura de governança e, por fim, os Impactos. O primeiro eixo avaliou a organização, a frequência das reuniões e a capacidade de tomada de decisão dos seus membros. O segundo abordou a estrutura, a existência de gaps no seu funcionamento, a natureza da relação entre os atores, bem como o nível de conhecimento destes acerca dos temas que envolvem a política territorial. O terceiro eixo avaliou os efeitos das ações do CODETER na vida dos sujeitos e para o desenvolvimento do território. Do ponto de vista conceitual, os CODETER são compreendidos como espaços de participação e deliberação, i.e., uma instância que congrega os diferentes atores sociais do Território na busca pela convergência e criação de consensos.
A CENTRALIDADE EM UMA CIDADE RIBEIRINHA DA AMAZÔNIA: PARINTINS-AM/ The centrality in the riverside city of amazon: Parintins-AM
Authors: Oliveira José Aldemir de , De Souza Valdilene Siqueira
Published: August 2019

O entendimento da centralidade intraurbana é fundamental para identificar a importância das funções que a cidade exerce para si e para o entorno. A pesquisa que deu origem ao presente artigo consistiu em caracterizar a centralidade urbana em Parintins-AM, e descrever a influência da dinâmica do rio, identificando duas áreas de contato: a beira, na parte norte da cidade às margens do rio Amazonas e a “Lagoa da Francesa” na área interna da cidade. As pesquisas de campo possibilitaram entender que o regime hidrológico faz com que ocorra a inversão nos fluxos, a transumância urbana com o deslocamento das embarcações e, consequentemente, dos prestadores de serviços, como: vendedores ambulantes, mototaxistas, taxistas e tricicleiros, dentre outros. Esse processo contribui para a mudança da centralidade culminando no que se identificou como centralidade móvel.
Pré-textuais DOSSIÊ TEMÁTICO - Municípios do Amazonas: Parintins e o Baixo Amazonas
Authors: Silva Neto João Cândido André da
Published: August 2019

Pré-textuais DOSSIÊ TEMÁTICO - Municípios do Amazonas: Parintins e o baixo Amazonas
Identifying Formation Mineralogy Composition in Acid Fracturing From Distributed Temperature Measurements
Authors: Aljawad Murtada Saleh
Published: August 2019

The successful stimulation of carbonate formations by acid-fracturing operations depends on the ability to treat the entire pay zone. The acid dissolves carbonate rocks and creates conductive channels through which the reservoir's fluids flow. Heterogeneity in lithology causes acid to create a preferential path in the most-reactive zones. Temperature measurements by temperature logging or distributed temperature sensing (DTS) are commonly used to evaluate injection and production zones. The present research includes a modeling study from which the mineralogy in multilayer fractured formations can be identified by means of temperature measurements.

Heat transfer is commonly coupled in acid-fracturing models to account for temperature effects on acid reactivity with carbonate minerals. Temperature profiles are usually evaluated during simulations of fracturing fluid injection, but seldom during fracture closure. Because most of the acid is spent during injection, many models assume that the remaining acid reacts proportionally along the fracture length. Because of this assumption, neither acid spending nor temperature is usually simulated during fracture closure.

In this study, a fully integrated temperature model is developed in which both acid reaction and heat transfer are simulated while the fracture is closing. At each timestep, transient heat convection, conduction, and generation are calculated along the wellbore, reservoir, and fracture dimensions. Modeling temperature during this transient period provides a significant understanding of the near-wellbore fracture dissolution. During shut-in, cold fracturing fluids are heated mainly because of the heat flow from the formation to the fracture. Reactive reservoir sections that receive larger volumes of the cold treatment fluids usually require more time for the geothermal temperature to be restored. Because of this phenomenon, minerals distribution along the wellbore axial direction can be identified in acid fracturing. This information can be useful when designing acid-fracturing jobs in nearby wells or revisiting the same wellbore for further stimulation.
Seasonal variation of plant-pollinator networks on oceanic island: lower specialization when resources are more abundant
Authors: wang xiangping , Zeng Tong , Wen Meihong , Wu Mingsong , Zhang Dianxiang
Published: August 2019

Background: The seasonal dynamics of plant and pollinator species components in the community could influence the structure of plant-pollinator networks. However, such dynamics are seldom been attention for oceanic islands networks. Here, we estimated the seasonal variation of seven plant-pollinator networks in Yongxing Island community. We collected a two-monthly data for each network of four seasons and used temporally discrete networks to characterize seasonal changes in plant-pollinator interactions. We predicted that greater floral resource availability in the season would allow for higher specialization patterns as previously described across large spatial gradients, with finer partitioning of the floral niche by the pollinators.
Results: As we expected, we found that rainy season network with more plant species in bloom, showed higher levels of network-wide specialization and modularity. However, when we compared seven targeted sampling networks, both the network-wide specialization and modularity were negatively correlated with the number of plant species in bloom. There were no differences between rainy and dry seasons and among four seasons in species-level indices, suggesting that higher network level specialization may be an emergent property only seen when considering the entire network. Hawkmoths presented higher values of specialization in relation to other functional groups; and Apidae presented higher values of species strength than other functional groups. These results suggest some specialized plant species are visited only by Hawkmoths, and most plants associated with Apidae are used by this group.
Conclusions: Our results suggested that, on oceanic island, increased floral resource availability in the season may not promote lower interspecific competition among pollinators leading to increased niche overlap, thus explaining the decreased in specialization. Plant-pollinator interactions data collection during dry, rainy season and all year-round generates lower network specialization than four seasons, and this may because that most pollinator species activity spans longer periods than a single season on islands. Thus, depending on the period of data collection, different networks structure of interaction may be found. Plant-pollinator networks have structural properties that vary according to seasons, and this should be taken into account in the studies of complex systems of interactions between plants and pollinators in oceanic islands communities.
ETV add-on Peg-interferon therapy plays a positive role in reversing hepatic fibrosis in treatment-naïve chronic hepatitis B patients: a prospective and randomized controlled trial
Authors: Yang Jingmao , Chen Liping , Wang Yajie , Lv Bei , Zhao Hong , Shang Zhiyin , Li Jun , Fan Zhenyu , Huang Shaoping , Cheng Jilin
Published: August 2019

Background and Aim

The efficacy of entecavir (ETV) add-on peg-interferon therapy compared with ETV monotherapy in treatment-naïve hepatitis B virus (HBV) patients remains controversial. We investigated whether adding Peg-interferon to ongoing ETV treatment leads to a better curative effect or not.

Methods

Eligible HBV patients (n=144) were randomly divided (1:1) to receive either ETV monotherapy (n=70) or peg-interferon add-on therapy from weeks 26 to 52 (n=74). Patients were followed-up for 2 years. We evaluated hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) and hepatitis B e antigen (HBeAg) seroconversion rate, sustained virologic response (SVR), transient elastography value, and histological scores.

Results

At week 26, no patient achieved HBsAg seroconversion in either group. At week 52, one patient in the monotherapy group was HBsAg-negative but there was none in the combination therapy group. The monotherapy group showed significantly better liver function recovery results than the combination therapy group. At week 78, one patient in combination group had HBsAg seroconverted. At week 104, only three patients in the combination therapy group were HBsAg-negative compared with one patient in monotherapy. The mean alanine aminotransferase (ALT)and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) levels and transient elastography values decreased significantly compared with baseline. Both group showed a favorable decrease in alpha fetoprotein(AFP) (monotherapy:23.4±77.3 vs 2.4±0.91, P=0.149; combination therapy: 33.3±96.9 vs 4.3±5.5,P=0.085) and an improved result of liver biopsy examination scores. The combination group showed a better improvement in histology compared with the monotherapy group(mean transient elastography value 7.5±3.4 kPa [SD 1.9] vs. 12.8±13.9 kPa [SD 1.9], P=0.037). But this research didn’t show significant difference in HBsAg conversion rate (1.79% (1/56) vs 4.11% (3/73), P=0.632) as well as HBV-DNA sustained virologic response(93.2% vs 98.5%,P=0.15) between two groups.

Conclusions

Both therapies supported liver function recovery and histology improvement. Combination therapy did not show better antiviral efficacy in HBsAg or HBeAg seroconversion compared with monotherapy. However, combination therapy played a more positive role in reversing hepatic fibrosis compared with monotherapy.
Addressing socio-cultural barriers to family planning and co-designing services to improve utilization: evidence from northern Nigeria
Authors: Oguntunde Olugbenga , Nyenwa Jabulani , Kilani-Ahmadu Sikiratu , Salihu Abdulsamad , Yusuf Issa
Published: August 2019

BACKGROUND: Family planning is a proven cost-effective intervention that has contributed to women empowerment and overall human development. Demand factors and women’s expectations and experiences at health facility for family planning services may influence their uptake and utilisation of these services. Increased awareness and positive community perception and quality of family planning services that meet clients’ expectations may greatly improve utilization. The aim of this study was to identify ways to improve family planning service users' experience at primary health care centres towards improving utilization of family planning services in two northern Nigerian states.

METHODS: This qualitative study was part of a larger operations research that explored married women’s and service providers’ perception of quality of care along the RMNCH pathway to inform improvements in service delivery. The study utilised Experience-based co-design (EBCD) methodology that employed qualitative methods to explore clients and service providers’ experiences of healthcare services. A total of 92 IDIs and 4 FGDswere conducted in two communities each in Kano and in Yobe states. ‘Touch points’ from service providers’ and respondents’ experiences were extracted using thematic analysis. Joint workshops were further conducted with clients and providers to co-design a user-driven service pathway to improve service utilization.

RESULTS: Key 'touch points' from providers’ experiences included stock out of family planning commodities, inadequate equipment and infrastructure and cultural and religious believes that prevent utilization of family planning services. In addition, clients reported challenges securing husband permission to utilize services, poor provider attitude and lack of female providers at health facility as obstacles to service utilization. Co-designing a service improvement plan by service providers and clients that involved increasing community awareness about the benefits of family planning by service providers, improving providers’ attitude, increasing family planning outreach and promoting men involvement in family planning programmes.

CONCLUSION: EBCD provides a platform that make clients active contributors to family planning service improvement plans at the health facility thereby ensuring provision of quality services that meet the need of women.
Spatial Patterns of Tuberculosis and Diabetes Mellitus in Los Angeles County, California
Authors: Rosales Monica , Lan Edward , Guevara Ramon E. , Yumul Josephine L. , Morales Douglas M. , Higashi Julie M. , Chang Alicia H.
Published: August 2019

Background Tuberculosis remains a public health problem that disproportionately affects vulnerable populations. The objective of the study was to apply Geographic Information Systems (GIS) methods to identify statistically significant hot spots of tuberculosis (TB) and diabetes mellitus (DM) and identify areas and populations that are disproportionately burdened by TB and DM.Methods Verified cases of TB reported in Los Angeles County (LAC), California between 01/01/2015 and 06/30/2017 were identified from the LAC TB Control Program Surveillance Registry. The addresses for patients residing in LAC at the time of TB diagnosis were geocoded and mapped. Hot spot analyses were performed utilizing the Getis-Ord Gi* statistic to identify statistically significant hot spots of TB and DM.Results Among 389 TB cases with DM, 43% were Hispanic and 50% were Asian. Geographic variations for Hispanic and Asian TB cases were found (p<0.05). Hot spots of TB and DM were identified among Asians residing in the southwestern and southern regions of LAC and among Hispanics residing in south central and northwestern LAC.Conclusions GIS methods are important epidemiological tools for identifying and assessing geographic variations in disease morbidity. These findings highlight opportunities for public health interventions aimed at reducing health disparities in underserved communities.
Cadmium–Bacteria Complexation and Subsequent Bacteria‐Facilitated Cadmium Transport in Saturated Porous Media
Authors: Li Runwei , Zhang Zhiming , Li Simeng , Tang Youneng , Wei Changfu , Chen Gang
Published: August 2019

Cadmium (Cd) contamination is becoming a significant environmental concern due to its persistency in soil. In the subsurface, the fate and transport of Cd are significantly affected by the presence of organic carriers, including bacteria, which are ubiquitous. In this research, facilitated Cd transport by four different bacterial strains in zeolite was investigated by column experiments under three different Cd introduction scenarios (i.e., a Cd and bacteria mixture, Cd and bacteria introduced separately but simultaneously, and Cd added to the column, followed by bacterial flushing), through which Cd–bacteria complexes formed. In turn, Cd–bacteria complexation affected bacterial transport. Bacteria were least retarded when Cd was pre‐deposited, with mass recovery>90% for all strains. More Cd was recovered when introduced as a mixture with bacteria (i.e., Cd mass recovery ranging from 16 to 25%). Obtained bacteria and Cd breakthrough curves were simulated by the attachment–detachment model in Hydrus‐1D. Damkohler number and reversibility were both found to be suitable to control the mass recovery of Cd and bacteria in all investigated scenarios.

Core Ideas

The introduction scenario significantly affected the transport of Cd and bacteria.

Cd was most recovered when Cd–bacteria complexation was fully developed.

Attachment, detachment, and convection competition determines Cd breakthrough.
Sources, Transport, and Management of Phosphorus Loss during the Cranberry Harvest
Authors: Kennedy Casey D.
Published: August 2019

Wet (flood) harvesting is essential to commercial cranberry (Vaccinium macrocarpon Ait.) production in Massachusetts, where one‐fifth of the US cranberry crop is produced. However, periodic flooding may lead to impaired water quality in lakes that receive harvest flood discharges. In this study, harvest flood inputs and outputs of P were measured to determine the net flux of P (Mnet) from a 19.2‐ha cranberry bog and its five bog units. Results showed that the cranberry bog was a source of dissolved P (DP) (Mnet = 0.32 kg P ha−1) and a minor sink of particulate P (PP) (Mnet = −0.03 kg P ha−1). For the five bog units, values of Mnet were highly variable, ranging from −0.49 to 1.48 kg P ha−1 with a coefficient of variation of 223% for DP. Variation in Mnet was not strongly related to P fertilizer rate, soil test P, or flood holding time, but was inversely related to the water flux from the cranberry bog to the underlying aquifer. Groundwater concentrations of DP were not statistically different before, during, or after the harvest flood, suggesting minimal subsurface leaching of P to shallow groundwater. Collectively, these findings point to soil P retention in some cranberry bogs, as might be expected in natural wetlands. Although there is potential for subsurface P leaching, the use of select cranberry bogs as filter beds of high‐P floodwater may help to curtail surface water export of P from cranberry agriculture.

Core Ideas

Wet (flood) harvested cranberry bogs may contribute to water quality problems.

Harvest flood P losses varied from 0.49 to 1.48 kg P ha−1 for five cranberry beds.

Harvest flood P losses were not related to P fertilizer, soil P, or flood length.

Rather, the best indicator of harvest flood P loss was groundwater recharge.

Groundwater recharge may facilitate P sorption and reduce harvest flood P losses.
The Mobility of Silver Nanoparticles and Silver Ions in the Soil‐Plant System
Authors: Saleeb Nadir , Gooneratne Ravi , Cavanagh Jo , Bunt Craig , Hossain A. K. M. Mofasser , Gaw Sally , Robinson Brett
Published: August 2019

The widespread use of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) as a bactericide will ultimately result in their increased concentration in soils. We sought to determine the likely mobility, toxicity, and plant uptake of Ag applied to soil as either AgNPs or Ag+. We measured the solubility, toxicity, and plant uptake of both AgNPs and Ag+ in an immature Pallic soil, a Templeton loamy silt (pH = 5.1), and a granular silt loam (pH = 6.0). The sorption of AgNPs by the test soils was significantly greater than Ag+, and both moieties were more strongly sorbed at lower concentrations and higher pH values. Between pH 4 and 8, distribution coefficient (KD) values increased from <10 up to ∼500 L kg−1 for Ag+, and from 100 to 10,000 L kg−1 for AgNPs. There was strong evidence that our citrate‐coated AgNPs were transformed into Ag+ during the course of the plant growth experiments, and plant responses were similar for both the Ag+ and AgNP treatments. Soil concentrations >100 mg kg−1 significantly reduced the biomass of Lolium perenne L. and resulted in foliar concentrations of up to 10 mg kg−1 dry matter. At a soil concentration of 70 mg kg−1, silverbeet [Beta vulgaris L. ssp. maritima (L.) Arcang.] and spinach (Spinacia oleracea L.) accumulated 5 to 10 mg Ag kg−1, which may present a human health risk. Regarding citrate‐coated AgNPs, the environmental impact of release is largely determined by the equivalent mass concentration of Ag+, into which they will ultimately transform. Given the widespread interest in AgNPs, there is limited knowledge on the behavior of Ag+ in soil and this should be the subject of future research.

Core Ideas

Citrate‐coated Ag nanoparticles had greater soil sorption than Ag+.

Sorption of both Ag nanoparticles and Ag+ increased at higher pH.

Silver nanoparticles are ultimately unstable and transform to Ag+.

Phytotoxicity occurs at soil Ag concentrations >100 mg kg−1.

Silver uptake by spinach and silverbeet may present a human health risk.