bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Comparison of human pluripotent stem cell differentiation protocols to generate neuroblastoma tumors
Authors: Cheng Bo , Fang Wanqi , Pastor Steven , March Alexander R. , Porras Tania , Wu Hong-Wei , Velez Miriam , Parekh Chintan , Maris John M. , Asgharzadeh Shahab , Huang Miller
Published: October 2024

Neuroblastoma is the most common pediatric extracranial solid tumor and is derived from trunk neural crest cells (tNCC) and its progenitor sympathoadrenal (SA) cells. While human pluripotent stem cell (PSC) models of neuroblastoma have been described, the PSC were differentiated using protocols that made neural crest cells, but not specifically the trunk subtype. Here, we compared four recent protocols to differentiate pluripotent stem cells (PSC) toward SA cells and examined their efficiency at generating SA cells along with earlier cell states (neuromesodermal progenitors [NMP], tNCC), as well as generating MYCN-driven tumors. Interestingly, the protocols that created cells with the highest level of NMP markers did not produce cells with the highest tNCC or SA cell markers. We identified a protocol that consistently produced cells with the highest level of SA markers using two PSC lines of different genders. This protocol also generated tumors with the highest level of PHOX2B, a marker of neuroblastoma. Transcriptionally, however, each protocol generates tumors that resemble neuroblastoma. Two of the protocols repeatedly produced adrenergic neuroblastoma whereas the other two protocols were ambiguous. Thus, we identified a protocol that reliably generates adrenergic neuroblastoma.
Curviness is a better predictor of a woman’s body attractiveness than the waist-to-hip ratio
Authors: Hübner Ronald , Ufken Emily Sophie
Published: October 2024

The waist-to-hip ratio (WHR) is commonly used as an indicator of mid-body fat distribution and is often used to answer health-related questions. It has also been suggested that a woman’s WHR can signal her reproductive fitness. This notion is supported by evidence indicating a relation between WHR and a woman’s physical attractiveness. However, it was also acknowledged that the actual fitness cue is the curviness of a woman’s body. While curviness is easy to perceive, it is difficult to quantify. Therefore, the WHR is often considered as a simple measure of body curviness. However, the WHR and curviness are not uniquely related. After replicating results of a pioneering study in this area, we therefore tested whether the WHR or curviness better predicts a woman’s physical attractiveness. As stimuli, we used simple line drawings of women’s bodies, differing in their curviness and width. The results demonstrate that curviness is a better predictor, even though we used a relatively simple curvature-based measure of curviness. This outcome indicates that the WHR is a poor measure of a woman’s body curviness and underscores the need for a more accurate measure of curviness when assessing the physical attractiveness of a woman’s body.
Deep-learning based discrimination of pathologic complete response using MRI in HER2-positive and triple-negative breast cancer
Authors: Kim Soo-Yeon , Lee Jinsu , Cho Nariya , Kim Young-Gon
Published: October 2024

Distinguishing between pathologic complete response and residual cancer after neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) is crucial for treatment decisions, but the current imaging methods face challenges. To address this, we developed deep-learning models using post-NAC dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI and clinical data. A total of 852 women with human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)-positive or triple-negative breast cancer were randomly divided into a training set (n = 724) and a validation set (n = 128). A 3D convolutional neural network model was trained on the training set and validated independently. The main models were developed using cropped MRI images, but models using uncropped whole images were also explored. The delayed-phase model demonstrated superior performance compared to the early-phase model (area under the receiver operating characteristic curve [AUC] = 0.74 vs. 0.69, P = 0.013) and the combined model integrating multiple dynamic phases and clinical data (AUC = 0.74 vs. 0.70, P = 0.022). Deep-learning models using uncropped whole images exhibited inferior performance, with AUCs ranging from 0.45 to 0.54. Further refinement and external validation are necessary for enhanced accuracy.
Impact of photobiomodulation therapy on pro-inflammation functionality of human peripheral blood mononuclear cells – a preliminary study
Authors: Pasternak-Mnich Kamila , Kujawa Jolanta , Agier Justyna , Kozłowska Elżbieta
Published: October 2024

Research into the efficacy of photobiomodulation therapy (PBMT) in reducing inflammation has been ongoing for years, but standards for irradiation methodology still need to be developed. This study aimed to test whether PBMT stimulates in vitro human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) to synthesize pro-inflammatory cytokines, including chemokines. PBMCs were irradiated with laser radiation at two wavelengths simultaneously (λ = 808 nm in continuous emission and λ = 905 nm in pulsed emission). The laser radiation energy was dosed in one dose as a whole (5 J, 15 J, 20 J) or in a fractionated way (5 J + 15 J and 15 J + 5 J) with a frequency of 500, 1,500 and 2,000 Hz. The surface power densities were 177, 214 and 230 mW/cm2, respectively. A pro-inflammatory effect was observed at both the transcript and protein levels for IL-1β after PBMT at the energy doses 5 J and 20 J (ƒ=500 Hz) and only at the transcript level after application of PBMT at energy doses of 20 J (ƒ= 1,500; ƒ=2,000 Hz) and 5 + 15 J (ƒ=500 Hz). An increase in CCL2 and CCL3 mRNA expression was observed after PBMT at 5 + 15 J (ƒ=1,500 Hz) and 15 + 5 J (ƒ=2,000 Hz) and CCL3 concentration after application of an energy dose of 15 J (frequency of 500 Hz). Even though PBMT can induce mRNA synthesis and stimulate PBMCs to produce selected pro-inflammatory cytokines and chemokines, it is necessary to elucidate the impact of the simultaneous emission of two wavelengths on the inflammatory response mechanisms.
Parasagittal dural volume correlates with cerebrospinal fluid volume and developmental delay in children with autism spectrum disorder
Authors: Agarwal Nivedita , Frigerio Giulia , Rizzato Gloria , Ciceri Tommaso , Mani Elisa , Lanteri Fabiola , Molteni Massimo , Carare Roxana O. , Losa Letizia , Peruzzo Denis
Published: October 2024

Background

The parasagittal dura, a tissue that lines the walls of the superior sagittal sinus, acts as an active site for immune-surveillance, promotes the reabsorption of cerebrospinal fluid, and facilitates the removal of metabolic waste products from the brain. Cerebrospinal fluid is important for the distribution of growth factors that signal immature neurons to proliferate and migrate. Autism spectrum disorder is characterized by altered cerebrospinal fluid dynamics.

Methods

In this retrospective study, we investigated potential correlations between parasagittal dura volume, brain structure volumes, and clinical severity scales in young children with autism spectrum disorder. We employed a semi-supervised two step pipeline to extract parasagittal dura volume from 3D-T2 Fluid Attenuated Inversion Recovery sequences, based on U-Net followed by manual refinement of the extracted parasagittal dura masks.

Results

Here we show that the parasagittal dura volume does not change with age but is significantly correlated with cerebrospinal fluid (p-value = 0.002), extra-axial cerebrospinal fluid volume (p-value = 0.0003) and severity of developmental delay (p-value = 0.024).

Conclusions

These findings suggest that autism spectrum disorder children with severe developmental delay may have a maldeveloped parasagittal dura that potentially perturbs cerebrospinal fluid dynamics.
General Aspects – Current and Further Perspectives
Authors: Larramendy Marcelo L. , Liwszyc Guillermo Eli
Published: October 2024

By definition, it is accepted worldwide that environmental risk assessment is a scientific practice that identifies and evaluates the likelihood of an activity or substance to threaten the environment in general, and/or living organisms, natural habitats and ecosystems, in particular. In other words, it is a term used to describe the overall process or method allowing (a) the identification of hazards and risk factors that have the potential to cause harm (hazard identification) and (b) the analysis and evaluation of the risk associated with that particular hazard (risk analysis and risk evaluation). It also suggests all the appropriate ways to eliminate or minimize the hazard, or control the risk when the hazard cannot be eliminated (risk control).
Biomarkers of Trace Element Toxicity in Fish: A New Paradigm in Environmental Health Risk Assessment
Authors: Rana Suresh Vir Singh
Published: October 2024

Toxic manifestations of exposure to heavy metals in fish have attracted a lot of attention since it makes a good model to monitor their toxicologic, mutagenic and carcinogenic effects. Fish are considered to be sensitive indicators of water pollution and early warning signals of environmental deterioration induced by xenobiotics. Research outcomes from fish are now increasingly applied to solve both human as well as environmental health issues. Investigations directed towards the identification and development of suitable biomarkers/biosensors does make fish species an attractive, valuable and alternative tool to identify and address problems in ecosystem management and planning. The current book chapter reviews recent studies on different fish species to identify biological markers of exposure, susceptibility and effect upon exposure to toxicants in diverse environmental conditions. It describes the significance of morphological markers like scales and chromatophores in monitoring aquatic pollution and risk assessment. Furthermore, morphological changes in gills have also been considered as suitable indicators of heavy metal pollution. Application of several biochemical parameters of toxicity in fish viz. metallothionein, free radicals, glutathione and antioxidant enzymes, as biomarkers of effect, have also been examined. Results on molecular and genetic toxicology induced by toxic elements in fish have been confirmed as suitable sentinels and indicators of water pollution caused by heavy metals. However, specific biomarkers for each element still need to be established. In a nutshell, fish models offer tremendously exciting opportunities to explore and inspire additional research oriented towards the employment of biomarkers in environmental health risk assessment strategies.
Fish Microbiota Disruption by Ecotoxicology Agents: A Bioindicator of Health and Pollution
Authors: Garibay-Valdez Estefanía , Medina-Félix Diana , Vargas-Albores Francisco , Cortés-Jacinto Edilmar , Martínez-Porchas Marcel
Published: October 2024

The occurrence of ecotoxicological agents in aquatic ecosystems has increased due to the accelerated production of anthropogenic contaminants. Fresh and marine water ecosystems have been widely affected by these compounds, with several implications for fish health; for example, 18% of ecotoxicological effects in fish reported genetics issues, 16% of cases presented mortality and another 16% of fish cases affected by toxicants presented accumulation as the principal effects. Additionally, the gut microbiota is modified by ecotoxic compounds, causing dysbiosis. It is known that microbial fish biomarkers have been proposed to calculate the dysbiosis index caused by these ecotoxic contaminants. The most abundant ecotoxicological compounds in the aquatic environment are pharmaceuticals and personal care products (PPCPs), principally hormone disruptors, such as 17-β-estradiol (9.7%). The main studied fish for ecotoxicological effects are the zebrafish Danio rerio (Cypriniformes, Cyprinidae), followed by the fathead minnow Pimephales promelas (Cypriniformes, Cyprinidae), the rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss (Salmoniformes, Salmonidae), the medaka Oryzias latipes (Beloniformes, Adrianichthyidae) and the common carp Cyprinus carpio (Cypriniformes, Cyprinidae). Ecotoxicological effects in fish are of high concern due to the bioaccumulation and biomagnification of these compounds, which eventually are destined for human consumption since fish occupy a great variety of tropical niches, acting as prey and hosts for a wide range of species.
Fish as a Bioindicator of Microplastic Contamination in the Mediterranean Sea: State of Knowledge
Authors: Mejjad Nezha , Bououarour Oussama , Laissaoui Abdelmourhit , Loukili Ikram , Benmansour Moncef
Published: October 2024

Fish provide numerous benefits to humans as an affordable food source, rich in animal protein. However, fish species are threatened by marine plastic pollution, which affects their health and nutritional value. To date, the available data are not sufficient to carry out a consistent assessment of the plastic potential risks to human health. The present chapter analyses the state of knowledge about plastic pollution and the use of fish species as bioindicators in the Mediterranean Sea. The analysis shows that an increase in microplastic contamination in the Mediterranean Sea would worsen the state of its fisheries’ stocks, which already suffer from a lack of correct and adequate management and preventive measures that has resulted in the deterioration of marine resources. In addition, there is a recommendation to prioritize the assessment of plastic content and potential effects in the most consumed fish species in the Mediterranean, such as sardine, anchovy and bluefin tuna – reported to be highly contaminated by microplastics – in order to avoid possible effects on consumers.
Behavioural Endpoints of Nile Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus): Potential Biomarkers for Evaluating the Ecotoxicity of Contaminants of Emerging Concern and Legacy Pollutants
Authors: Malafaia Guilherme , da Luz Thiarlen Marinho
Published: October 2024

Over the last decade, a range of studies have demonstrated that various fitness-related behaviours are vulnerable to disruption induced by various contaminants of emerging concern (CECs) and legacy pollutants. However, the behavioural responses of animals when exposed to pollutants/contaminants are rarely included in discussions about the regulation of chemicals. Thus, to improve our understanding of the opportunities and challenges for behavioural ecotoxicology, this chapter presents a synthesis of the endpoints and experimental procedures used to evaluate the behavioural response of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus – a non-conventional species in ecotoxicology) to different CECs and legacy pollutants. By focusing on the methodological possibilities to be used in evaluating the behaviour of this Neotropical species, we shed light on the feasibility and reasonableness of using this animal model as a complement or alternative to the use of model species traditionally used in toxicology.
Commonly Caught Fish Species as Potential Indicators of Pollution Along Lake Nyasa (Lake Malawi), Tanzania
Authors: Mwakalesi Alinanuswe J. , Nehemia Alex N.
Published: October 2024

Lake Nyasa (Lake Malawi) is the world’s ninth largest and third deepest freshwater lake, hosting about 800 to 1000 fish species. However, increased pollution is one of the emerging challenges affecting fish populations. Activities such as coal mining, agriculture, forest burning and deforestation contribute to increased chemical inputs into the lake. Water pollution produces adverse effects such as mortality, inhibited reproduction and growth in aquatic organisms. Consequently, most fish species in the lake are declared by the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) as threatened, vulnerable, critically endangered or extinct. The effects of contamination can be extended to human health through the food chain and cause various adverse effects. Therefore, it is essential to monitor potential toxicants in the aquatic environment and protect human health. The use of bioindicators to monitor the status of aquatic environments is one of the cheap, effective and easy-to-use options. However, available information on the use of local fish species as a potential bioindicator for risk assessment in Lake Nyasa is limited. This book chapter reports on the usefulness of genetic indices and heavy metal accumulation levels in fish tissues collected along Lake Nyasa as potential tools for health risk assessment.
Epilogue and Final Remarks
Authors: Larramendy Marcelo L. , Liwszyc Guillermo Eli
Published: October 2024

The growing impact of anthropogenic activities generates huge quantities of toxic residues that can have direct or indirect detrimental effects upon the quality of our environment. The increase in their jeopardizing effects can exert short-, medium- and long-term consequences, affecting not only human health but also environmental health in general. Furthermore, these disturbances are usually capable, in most cases, of reducing the biodiversity of native flora and fauna, which will, in turn, encourage the resistance and emergence of new pests and diseases. This book intends to provide an outline, relevant examples and stimulate practical discussions on the use of non-conventional species from this group of vertebrates, the fish. It includes relevant tools which may be of use in the analysis prior to the implementation of decisions leading to actions which will hopefully reduce environmental health risks against environmental factors. Our aim was to compile information from a diversity of sources into a single volume. The rationale is to give some real-life examples in order to widen the concept that the use of non-conventional animal models, far from being a scientific conundrum, may instead provide useful avenues to be explored and further developed as a way to provide help and real answers to some of the actual problems the whole planet is dealing with currently. Concomitantly, these concrete examples extend concepts of hazardous factors to living species worldwide that may stimulate new research ideas and trends in their respective important fields.
Metal–phenolic network composites: from fundamentals to applications
Authors: Lin Zhixing , Liu Hai , Richardson Joseph J. , Xu Wanjun , Chen Jingqu , Zhou Jiajing , Caruso Frank
Published: October 2024

This review provides a guideline for the rational design of metal–phenolic network (MPN) composites—which are fabricated from MPN and one or more functional components (e.g., drugs, proteins)—for various applications across diverse disciplines.
Integrated instrumental setup comprising an automatic solution handling module and homemade luminometer with two photodetectors for the determination of antioxidants in wines
Authors: Alexandre Rafael A. , Reis Boaventura F.
Published: October 2024

Diagram of the flow analysis module.
Heteroatom-assisted oxygen vacancies in cerium oxide catalysts for efficient synthesis of dimethyl carbonate from CO2 and methanol
Authors: Maity Niladri , Al-Jendan Samiyah A. , Barman Samir , Kulal Nagendra , Jaseer E. A.
Published: October 2024

Heteroatom (N, S) assisted CeO2 nanorod materials exhibited enhanced catalytic efficiency in the synthesis of dimethyl carbonate from CO2 and methanol, attributed to their superior surface acidity, basicity, Ce3+ concentration, and oxygen vacancies.
Shining a light on methane dry reforming – exploring the impact of visible light on carbon formation over Co/xCeO2–Al2O3
Authors: O'Connell George E. P. , Webster Richard F. , Elkington Elise , Amal Rose , Scott Jason , Lovell Emma C.
Published: October 2024

Introducing light to thermal DRM may be an effective strategy to improve catalyst stability, but light's role in the stability mechanism is not well understood.
Highly effective solar CO2 fixation via photocatalytic carboxylation of aromatic amines with carbon dioxide over a covalent organic framework (COF) as a photocatalyst
Authors: Singh Chandani , Kim Jae Young , Park No-Joong , Yadav Rajesh Kumar , Baeg Jin-Ook
Published: October 2024

Facile synthesis of the Tp-DAMS COF as a photocatalyst for efficient solar carboxylation of aromatic amines with CO2. The CO2 conversion efficiency into carboxylic acid is 99.9% without the necessity of using stoichiometric metallic reductants.
Photocatalytic dehydrogenative C(sp2)–P coupling reaction between dibenzo[b,f][1,4]oxazepanes and phosphine oxides
Authors: Wu Zhaotian , Sha Xuefei , Wang Shan , Yang Huan , Zheng Shaojun , Jiang Chunhui , Chen Shu-Yang , Lu Hongfei
Published: October 2024

Visible-light-induced cross-dehydrogenative coupling between cyclic imines and diaryl phosphine oxides has been developed to afford their oxyphosphide derivatives, using rhodamine B as a photocatalyst.
Broadening the substrate range of serine palmitoyltransferase by protein engineering and applications to 3-keto-dihydrosphingosine analogs
Authors: Choe Hyunjun , Cha Minsun , Kim Ahram , Stewart Jon D.
Published: October 2024

Introducing an additional mutation at position 73 dramatically increases the substrate range, allowing access to a wide variety of sphingolipid analogs.
High fat intake aggravates hyperlipidemia and suppresses fatty liver symptoms induced by a high-sucrose diet in rats
Authors: Song Qi , Kikumoto Akari , Sun Shumin , Mochizuki Satoshi , Oda Hiroaki
Published: October 2024

High fat and sucrose exert distinct effects on noncommunicable diseases in rats. High fat aggravates hyperlipidemia and suppresses fatty liver induced by high-sucrose diet.
Mild aqueous metal catalyzed oxidative conversion of low-density polyethylene to low molecular weight aliphatic carboxylic acids
Authors: Davydovich Oleg , Choudhary Hemant , Martinez Daniella V. , Salinas Jay E. , Martinez Estevan J. , Davis Ryan D. , Bays Nathan R. , Schafer David P. , Kent Michael S.
Published: October 2024

Aqueous oxidative deconstruction of low-density polyethylene (LDPE) using homogeneous first-row transition metal catalysts under mild conditions (130–150 °C and 100 PSI oxygen pressure).
Electroreductive deuteration of N-propynylamides to enamides
Authors: Gao Qiansong , Wang Mingchun , Zheng Lianyou , Shi Lingling , Wu Cheng , Li He , Xiang Jinbao
Published: October 2024

A migratory reductive deuteration of terminal alkynes to access enamides with more than 3 deuteriums incorporated per molecule was realized.
Targeted design of heterotrimetallic 1-D coordination polymers based on functionalized metallocenes featuring antibacterial activity
Authors: Uvarova Marina A. , Shmelev Maxim A. , Bekker Olga B. , Lutsenko Irina A. , Nefedov Sergey E. , Eremenko Igor L.
Published: October 2024

Heterotrimetallic coordination polymers with metal core FeCu2, FeCu2Mn4, FeCo2Mn4, FeNi2Mn4 using functionalized cymantrene and ferrocene are synthesized and their antibacterial activity has been studied.
Metamagnetic transition and meta-stable magnetic state in Co-doped Fe3GaTe2
Authors: Ahn Hyo-Bin , Lim Hyunjong , Song Jaegu , Lee Jisung , Park Seung-Young , Joe Minwoong , Kang Chang-Jong , Kim Kyoung-Whan , Park Tae-Eon , Park Tuson , Lee Changgu
Published: October 2024

The phase diagram and M–H curves of the metamagnetic regime of (Fe1−xCox)3GaTe2 with x = 0.19–0.26 at various temperatures were studied.
CD56-targeted in vivo genetic engineering of natural killer cells mediates immunotherapy for acute myeloid leukemia
Authors: Kushwaha Avinash Chandra , Mrunalini Boddu , Malhotra Pankaj , Roy Choudhury Subhasree
Published: October 2024

Schematic representation of the synthesis of pEzH2@CsNPs@CD56 and its anti-AML efficacy.
One-pot synthesis of N-sulfonylamidines from N-acylsulfonamides enabled by a metal triflate-mediated nonhydrolytic N-deacylation
Authors: Tian Juan , Chen Mengyun , Wang Xinyi , Chen Xin , Shao Chengya , Xiong Yiting , Liu Yunfeng , Sang Dayong
Published: October 2024

A one-pot method has been developed to prepare N-sulfonylamidines from N-acylsulfonamides via a metal triflate-catalyzed nonhydrolytic deacylation followed by interception of the newly formed sulfonamide with N,N-dimethylformamide dimethyl acetal.
Towards ultra-sensitive multimodal luminescent thermometers enabled by high crystal field strength of Lu2CaMg2Ge3O12:Yb3+,Nd3+,Er3+ phosphors
Authors: Zhao Zhijiao , Dai Mengmeng , Li Kejie , Liang Guiying , Wei Yanling , Fu Zuoling
Published: October 2024

An effective full-spectrum thermometer covering from the visible to NIR-II band was designed based on garnet Lu2CaMg2Ge3O12:Yb3+,Er3+/Nd3+ phosphors; meanwhile, Er3+ (4I13/2) split into four Stark sublevels due to high crystal field strength.
Engineering the defects of UiO-66 MOF for an improved catalytic detoxification of CWA simulant: methyl paraoxon
Authors: Balasubramanian Selva , Kulandaisamy Arockia Jayalatha , Rayappan John Bosco Balaguru
Published: October 2024

Defects engineered UiO-66 to detoxify CWA simulant: methyl-paraoxon.
Synergistic impact of nano-supramolecular coordination polymer based on cadmium, ethyl nicotinate and thiocyanate ligands as efficient catalyst to remove harmful elements from wastewater
Authors: Saleh Dalia I. , Mahmoud Samy F. , Etaiw Safaa Eldin H.
Published: October 2024

Under ultrasonication, cadmium nitrate tetrahydrates, ethyl nicotinate (EN), and potassium thiocyanate self-assembled to form the nanosized supramolecular coordination polymer (NSCP1) and the crystalline (SCP1) [Cd(EN)2(SCN)2].
Coal-based graphene derived from different coal ranks: exceptional sodium storage performance in sodium-ion batteries
Authors: Wang Lanhao , Yu Xiaodong , Jiang Zhendong , Li Xusheng , Zhang Chuanxiang
Published: October 2024

In this work, coal-based reduced graphene oxide (CrGO) was prepared as an anode materials for SIBs by a modified Hummers-high temperature thermal reduction method with different ranks of coal (coal-based graphite, CG) as a precursor.
Group 7 carbonyl complexes of a PNN-heteroscorpionate ligand
Authors: Valdivieso Jorge P. , Erickson Alexander N. , Gardinier James R.
Published: October 2024

A PNN heteroscorpionate ligand facilitates CO-release in univalent tricarbonyl group 7 complexes.
Nanostructural diversity: self-assembly of isomeric pyrene–cholane amphiphiles into sheets, tubes, and worm-like morphologies
Authors: Ehret Edouard , Iacovache Ioan , Langenegger Simon M. , Zuber Benoît , Häner Robert
Published: October 2024

The supramolecular self-assembly of isomeric cholane–pyrene–cholane oligomers into different morphologies is described along as their spectroscopic properties.
Correction: Nanofiber applications in microbial fuel cells for enhanced energy generation: a mini review
Authors: Yalcinkaya Fatma , Torres-Mendieta Rafael , Hruza Jakub , Vávrová Andrea , Svobodová Lucie , Pietrelli Andrea , Ieropoulos Ioannis
Published: October 2024

Correction for ‘Nanofiber applications in microbial fuel cells for enhanced energy generation: a mini review’ by Fatma Yalcinkaya et al., RSC Adv., 2024, 14, 9122–9136, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1039/D4RA00674G.
Retraction: Effects of thermal aging atmospheres on oxidation activity, element composition and microstructure of diesel soot particles
Authors: Huang He , Ni Zifei , Wang Wenkai , Chen Heng
Published: October 2024

Retraction of ‘Effects of thermal aging atmospheres on oxidation activity, element composition and microstructure of diesel soot particles’ by He Huang et al., RSC Adv., 2023, 13, 29975–29985, https://doi.org/10.1039/D3RA05340G.
Metal–organic frameworks with two different-sized aromatic ring-confined nanotraps for benchmark natural gas upgrade
Authors: Li Shu-Yi , Xue Ying-Ying , Wang Jia-Wen , Li Hai-Peng , Lei Jiao , Lv Hong-Juan , Bu Xianhui , Zhang Peng , Wang Ying , Yuan Wen-Yu , Zhai Quan-Guo
Published: October 2024

Aromatic ring-confined bi-nanotraps, along with the coupled thermodynamic-molecular sieving effects in metal–organic framework adsorbents, give rise to benchmark performance in the separation process for natural gas upgrade.
High-performance deep-blue electroluminescence from multi-resonance TADF emitters with a spirofluorene-fused double boron framework
Authors: Xu Ke , Li Nengquan , Ye Zeyuan , Guo Yuxi , Wu Yuxin , Gui Chenghao , Yin Xiaojun , Miao Jingsheng , Cao Xiaosong , Yang Chuluo
Published: October 2024

Simultaneously extending the π-skeleton and mitigating interchromophore quenching of MR-TADF emitters resulted in narrowband deep-blue electroluminescence with EQE surpassing 40%.
Photocatalytic overall water splitting endowed by modulation of internal and external energy fields
Authors: Zhao Wenhao , Chen Haijun , Zhang Jinqiang , Low Paul J. , Sun Hongqi
Published: October 2024

The challenges of photocatalytic overall water splitting (POWS), including thermodynamic constraints, carrier generation and transport, and macroscopic reaction kinetics, are addressed by both intrinsic and externally applied energy fields.
Modulatory spin-flip of triplet excitons via diversiform electron-donating units for MR-TADF emitters towards solution-processed narrowband OLEDs
Authors: Li Shengyu , Yang Zhi , Xie Yanchao , Hua Lei , Ying Shian , Liu Yuchao , Ren Zhongjie , Yan Shouke
Published: October 2024

Exciton dynamics modulated by long-range charge transfer and heavy-atom effects are systematically investigated via diversiform donors for multiple resonance compounds, and thus high-efficiency narrowband solution-processed OLEDs can be achieved.
Revealing the overlithiation effect on cycling and calendar aging of a silicon/graphite electrode for high-energy lithium-ion batteries
Authors: Wang Xiaohong , Li Chunhao , Liu Shiyu , Sun Yongming
Published: October 2024

A Si/Gr electrode, characterized by a 20% overlithiation degree, demonstrates augmented capacity and superior capacity retention following calendar aging due to the efficient utilization of Si and Gr.
Structure-constraint induced increase in Lewis acidity of tris(ortho-carboranyl)borane and selective complexation with Bestmann ylides
Authors: Xiang Libo , Wang Junyi , Matler Alexander , Ye Qing
Published: October 2024

The Lewis acidity of tris(o-carboranyl)borane has been further increased through a structural constraint caused by the linking of two carborane units.
Correction: The mechanism of the molecular CISS effect in chiral nano-junctions
Authors: Ha Nguyen Thi Ngoc , Salvan Georgeta , Hellwig Olav , Paltiel Yossi , Baczewski Lech Tomasz , Tegenkamp Christoph
Published: October 2024

Correction for ‘The mechanism of the molecular CISS effect in chiral nano-junctions’ by Thi Ngoc Ha Nguyen et al., Chem. Sci., 2024, 15, 14905–14912, https://doi.org/10.1039/D4SC04435E
Synthesis of MCM-41 mesoporous molecular sieves based on recycled glass fibers from waste fan blades
Authors: Wang Nianxuan , Wang Song , Zhuang Ke , Xu Yun , Zeng Dewang , Zhou Kai , Zhang Qian , Xiao Rui , Xu Jingxin
Published: October 2024

The development of clean energy leads to a significant increase in decommissioned wind turbine blades, which have become a new type of solid waste.
Controlling the nanoparticle size and shape of a Pt/TiO2 catalyst for enhanced hydrogenation of furfural to furfuryl alcohol
Authors: Alsharif Heba , Conway Matthew B. , Morgan David J. , Davies Thomas E. , Taylor Stuart H. , Sankar Meenakshisundaram
Published: October 2024

We report the selective liquid phase hydrogenation of furfural to 2-furfuryl alcohol using a Pt/TiO2 catalyst under mild reaction conditions and the role of heat treatment on the metal particle size during the catalyst synthesis.
Sulfur vacancy-rich tungsten disulfide and metal–organic framework derived Co3O4 heterostructure for sulfur ion degradation-assisted efficient hydrogen production
Authors: Dharman Ranjith Kumar , Mariappan Athibala , Mannu Pandian , Nga Ta Thi Thuy , Dong Chung-Li , Oh Tae Hwan
Published: October 2024

The rapid advancement of the hydrogen economy hinges on developing efficient systems that combine the sulfion oxidation reaction (SOR) and hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) to achieve cost-effective hydrogen production.
A membrane-anchored fluorescent probe for the detection of pH in living cells and NAFLD
Authors: Yan Mengqi , Li Xuechen , Liu Jiarui , Li Xinyue , Wu Shining , Zhou Mingyang , Cui Yuezhi
Published: October 2024

A membrane-anchored fluorescent probe (Mem-pH) is constructed for the detection of pH in living cells and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD).
Delivery of Cu(ii) and Mn(ii) by polydopamine-modified nanoparticles for combined photothermal and chemotherapy
Authors: Lin Fuli , Qin Yuchang , Sun Jingjing , Liu Yijun , Yang Shengchao , Zheng Shuang , Yin Lisha , Li Dongmei , Cui Lin , Li Gang , Qiu Zhongpeng , Liu Zhiyong
Published: October 2024

Illustration of Cu(ii) and Mn(ii)-based nano-enzyme of chemodynamic and photothermal therapy in cells.
Effect of the polyphenol flavonoids fisetin and quercetin on the adipogenic differentiation of human mesenchymal stromal cells
Authors: Lorthongpanich Chanchao , Charoenwongpaiboon Thanapon , Septham Praphasri , Laowtammathron Chuti , Srisook Pimonwan , Kheolamai Pakpoom , Manochantr Sirikul , Issaragrisil Surapol
Published: October 2024

Fisetin and quercetin, polyphenol flavonoids, have been shown to have a wide range of beneficial pharmacological effects including anti-inflammatory, antioxidative, and anti-cancer. Our previous work shows that fisetin also affects the specification of the adipogenic-osteogenic lineage of human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) by modulating the Hippo-YAP signaling pathway. Although quercetin has a structure similar to that of fisetin, its effects on the functional properties of hMSCs have not yet been investigated. The objective of the present study is to determine the effects of quercetin on the various properties of hMSCs, including proliferation, migration, and differentiation capacity toward adipogenic and osteogenic lineages. The results show that while fisetin increases hMSC adipogenic differentiation, quercetin inhibited adipogenic differentiation of hMSCs. The inhibition is mediated, at least in part, by the activation of hippo signaling and up-regulation of miR-27b, which inhibits the expression of genes involved in all critical steps of lipid droplet biogenesis, resulting in a decrease in the number of lipid droplets in hMSCs. It is possible that the lack of hydroxylation of the 5 position on the A ring of quercetin could be responsible for its different effect on the adipogenic-osteogenic lineage specification of hMSCs compared with fisetin. Molecular docking and molecular dynamics simulation suggested that fisetin and quercetin possibly bind to serine / threonine protein kinases 4 (STK4/MST1), which is an upstream kinase responsible for LATS phosphorylation. Taken together, our results demonstrate more insight into the mechanism underlying the role of flavonoid fisetin and quercetin in the regulation of adipogenesis.
Design of novel multiband bandpass filters based on coupled symmetric short‐circuit stub multimode resonators
Authors: Luo Jie , Liu Zaiyue , Gao Shanshan
Published: October 2024

In this letter, the working mechanism of suggested bandpass filters with connected symmetric short‐circuit stub multimode resonators is described. Because of the design flexibility, the suggested bandpass filters' centre frequencies may be modified based on the design approach. Meanwhile, the suggested bandpass filters have reduced insertion losses and compact sizes. A prototype is built and tested with six passbands centred at 1.57/2.38/3.55/5.14/5.83/6.78 GHz to confirm the design and analysis. Good agreement between the simulated, and measured results is observed, indicating that the proposed structure can be applied in the field of communication, information, and automation.
Design of bandwidth enhancement circular polarisation microstrip antenna loaded with sunflower‐shaped metasurface
Authors: Shen Xiumei , Zhang Chuanyun , Yin Yingzeng , Zhong Xiangjiang
Published: October 2024

A circular polarised (CP) microstrip antenna loaded with sunflower‐shaped metasurface (SSM) to enhance the bandwidth using characteristic mode analysis is proposed in this communication. The SSM, divided into inner and outer parts by a ring, consists of equally spaced sectors of equal angles. In this design, the coupled corner‐truncated microstrip antenna with a slot in the centre is employed to obtain CP radiation by exciting two orthogonal modes, which have a 90° phase difference. Meanwhile, it demonstrates that the SSM structure significantly expands the operational bandwidth and exhibits a stable radiation pattern at high frequencies. Simulation and measurement results confirm that this SSM antenna achieves a wide operating bandwidth of 64.3% (4.5–8.76 GHz) and a 3‐dB axial ratio bandwidth of 30.6% (4.7–6.4 GHz), while maintaining a compact profile of 0.68 × 0.68 × 0 0.08 λ03.
Random matrix extended target tracking for trajectory‐aligned and drifting targets
Authors: Şahin Kurtuluş Kerem , Balcı Ali Emre , Özkan Emre
Published: October 2024

In this paper, we propose two random matrix based extended target tracking models, which apply to the trajectory‐aligned and drifting target motions. The trajectory‐aligned model is specifically designed to handle targets moving along the direction of their extent orientations, while the drift model is tailored to targets whose trajectories deviate from their orientations in time. We utilise the well‐known variational Bayes method to perform inference and obtain posterior densities via computationally efficient, analytical, iterative steps. Through comprehensive experiments conducted on simulated and real data, our methods have demonstrated superior performance compared to previous approaches in scenarios involving both drifting and trajectory‐aligned targets. These results highlight the efficacy of our proposed models in accurately tracking targets and estimating their extent.
Reliability with multiple causes of failures: Modeling and practice through a case study on ultrasound probes for medical imaging
Authors: Berni Rossella , Bertocci Francesco , Magrini Alessandro , Nikiforova Nedka D.
Published: October 2024

In this paper, we deal with statistical modeling and a related case study for reliability when multiple failure causes are present. At first, we present in detail two main approaches for competing risk modeling, e.g. the Cox Proportional Hazards model, and the Fine & Gray model. In both models, we consider the inclusion of random effects, a no-trivial issue in this context, especially from the practical point of view. Following, we deal with advanced statistical models to compare the causes of failure, providing extremely useful information for production managers. To perform a useful study for practitioners, statistical modeling is illustrated through an empirical example related to ultrasound probes for medical imaging. The main theory is briefly presented comprehensively, while particular emphasis is given to data structure for model estimation and interpretation of the results, highlighting methodological comparisons and practical differences. Details related to two statistical software are also provided. Furthermore, reliability modeling could be efficiently applied by practitioners and engineers to solve similar technical problems.
A virtual CMM to estimate uncertainties
Authors: Manlay Jean-François , Charki Abdérafi , Delamarre Anthony
Published: October 2024

Coordinates measuring machines (CMMs) have become classical measuring instruments. Nevertheless, the uncertainties associated to measurements results obtained by CMMs, are often a global estimation. This work focuses on the development of a virtual CMM with Python, in order to estimate uncertainties of all measured dimensions, on basic parts. The originality of the approach consists in randomizing only the nine linear parameters of the CMM compensation matrix, which allows calculating the twelve other ones, and avoiding complex covariance calculations. The model takes into account CMM defects, probing uncertainties and some parameters of the part and the environment. Method uncertainty, difficult to be modeled, is treated as a set of recommendations. This model can be used as a pre-processing evaluation of uncertainty, or post-processing of a real measurement.
Path planning of quadruped robot for urban natural gas pipe leakage inspection based on optimized RRT* and DWA algorithms
Authors: Wu Yuhang , Wang Qiang , Xiao Yao , Song Yun , Mao Wei , Wang Peng
Published: October 2024

The leakage of urban natural gas pipes may cause significant safety hazards and economic losses. Autonomous inspection of these pipes using quadruped robots is an effective inspection method. This paper proposes a hybrid algorithm combining optimized RRT* and DWA(ORRT*-DWA) to solve the path planning problem faced by quadruped robots in urban environment. Firstly, the RRT* algorithm is optimized through three strategies, including probability-based sampling, extended node filtering, and adaptive step size. The ORRT* algorithm is then integrated with the DWA algorithm to form the new path planning algorithm. The ORRT*-DWA algorithm achieves higher efficiency in path optimization and enables local dynamic obstacle avoidance. Then, the performance of ORRT*-DWA algorithm is compared with RRT* algorithm and the informed RRT* algorithm. Results show that the global planning path length is reduced by 8.9% and the actual path length by 4.2%. Finally, a field test conducted in a 100 m × 50 m urban residential area shows that the ORRT*-DWA algorithm plans shorter and smoother paths compared to the informed RRT* algorithm, achieving a 9.7% reduction in path length.
A new alternative technique for sterilising invasive crayfish: removing female pleopods did not alter courtship pheromone release in signal crayfish
Authors: Ghia Daniela , Morabito Simone , Fea Gianluca , Ercoli Fabio , Sacchi Roberto
Published: October 2024

Invasive species require effective management, especially when population density is still low. Autocidal methods for controlling invasive species offer the advantages of being species-specific and inversely density dependent, without causing environmental changes. An ideal control technique should decrease numbers of juveniles, and, therefore, progressive population ageing. In crayfish, female pleopods can be removed to eliminate support for the attachment of newly fertilised eggs. The aim of this study was to investigate if pleopod removal affects the release of female sexual pheromones. An experiment was performed by exposing signal crayfish males to four waters conditioned by (1) mature females after cutting pleopods (treated), (2) untreated mature females, (3) sexually inactive females, and (4) control water. Males exposed to both treated and untreated mature female waters showed behavioural similarities and increased mating activity compared to males exposed to sexually inactive female or control waters. Removing female pleopods did not affect the release of courtship pheromones, so treated females were still able to attract males by misleading them into mating activity. When females spawn their eggs, they will be lost due to the missing pleopods. Therefore, this method might be considered to control invasive crayfish in management programmes.
Assessment of hydrographic parameters and trophic status of selected freshwater ecosystems of southwest India
Authors: Mohan Renju , Thomas Lathika Cicily , Padmakumar Kunnatholickal Balakrishnan
Published: October 2024

Natural freshwater ecosystems, especially ponds, are highly vulnerable to increasing anthropogenic activities and natural alterations owing to their small size and volume. Variations in species diversity, continuous occurrence of harmful algal blooms and changes in aquatic ecosystems are some consequences of the resulting hydrological variations. The trophic state index is one of the easiest and most widely used methods for understanding the trophic status of such disturbed aquatic ecosystems. The present study analysed the variations in different hydrographic parameters with an emphasis on major nutrient status to understand the water quality of two freshwater ponds (S1 and S2) using Carlson's trophic state index (TSI). Assessing the water quality for two years, algal biomass, as indicated by chlorophyll a was maximum during pre-monsoon seasons (S1: 82.08 mg m−3 and S2: 204.97 mg m−3). Dissolved nutrients like nitrate, phosphate and silicate varied from 0.35 mg L−1 to 6 mg L−1, 0.119 mg L−1 to 0.67 mg L−1 and 2.44 mg L−1 to 14.39 mg L−1, respectively, during the study. The TSI result indicated the eutrophic to the hypereutrophic condition in the study area (TSI 71.9 to 82.4). The TSI values reached a maximum at S1 during monsoon 2019, while at S2, the peak value was observed during pre-monsoon 2021. The continuous occurrence of harmful cyanobacterial blooms dominated by Microcystis sp. observed from both freshwater ponds indicated the polluted and deteriorating condition of the ponds.
Mechanical behavior of macroscopic interfaces for 3D printed multi-material samples made of dissimilar materials
Authors: Ermolai Vasile , Sover Alexandru , Boca Marius Andrei , Mihalache Andrei Marius , Irimia Alexandru Ionuț , Hrițuc Adelina , Slătineanu Laurențiu , Nagîț Gheorghe , Stavarache Răzvan Cosmin
Published: October 2024

The development of 3D printing technologies has introduced new possibilities in producing multi-material parts, and Fused Filament Fabrication (FFF) is one of these technologies. Typically, multi-material parts are made of different blends of the same material, also known as multi-color 3D printing, or from materials with good chemical compatibility. Conventionally, a simple face-to-face bonding interface between part components and chemical bonding between thermoplastics define the mechanical performance of multi-material components. In this regard, the paper aimed to investigate the contact interface strength of multi-material specimens using a geometric approach. Therefore, several geometrical interfaces, such as dovetail, omega, T-shape, and others, were used to interlock pars of low-compatibility thermoplastic polymers, styrene-acrylonitrile acrylic (ASA), and thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU). In the case of one of these interfaces, modeling by the finite element method was resorted to obtain additional information regarding the processes that develop at the interface level between the two components of the joint during the tensile loading. The results showed that the macroscopic interlocking interfaces significantly improved the mechanical properties of the multi-material specimens.
Elastic and damping characterization of open-pore metal foams filled or not with an elastomer for vibration control in turbomachinery
Authors: Laçaj Endri , Jolly Pascal , Bouyer Jean , Doumalin Pascal
Published: October 2024

In this work, an experimental investigation into vibration damping of elastomer filled open-pore metal foams and their effectiveness as a bearing support in turbomachinery is presented. The polyurethane fillers known for their high-energy absorption capacity were chosen to enhance the damping performance of the metal skeleton. Aluminum (Al), copper (Cu) and nickel-chromium foams (NiCr), with different relative density and pore size were tested dynamically using a dedicated device based on a single degree-of-freedom model. The results indicate that the storage modulus and the loss factor for foam-polymer composites were greater than the combined contribution of both phases taken separately. Foam morphology plays an important role in this effect and it is shown that the increase in performance was more significant for higher specific surface area. Fillers with different properties were also considered. The optimal combination of foam and polymer was selected and tested on a rotor kit test bench. Annular shaped samples were placed between the external race of the ball bearing and the housing. The tests were carried out using a flexible rotor configuration where the vibration amplitudes of the rotor were monitored for foam and foam-polyurethane composites for rotational speeds up to 100 Hz while hammer impact tests were performed using a semi-rigid shaft configuration due to higher resonance frequencies. In the first case, no significant difference was observed between the foam, foam composite and the bearings-only set-up. In the second case, the foam composite resulted with the highest energy dissipation capacity.