bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
CIVIL SERVANTS AWARENESS GUIDELINE TOWARDS COMPUTER SECURITY POLICY: A CASE STUDY AT THE MANPOWER DEPARTMENT, MINISTRY OF HUMAN RESOURCES
Authors: Singh Dalbir
Published: June 2021

ICT Security Policy includes information security-related policies, guidelines and best practices that are enforced in the Malaysian public sector. These policies are priority areas that contain guidelines for implementing ICT infrastructure in the public sector. However, there is a significant gap between these policies and awareness towards computer security policy among government servants in the public sector. Therefore a study involving government servants in the Manpower Department, Ministry of Human Resources was carried out to identify the critical success factor of these policies. The study was conducted through quantitative and qualitative methods. A survey was conducted to measure the level of awareness among government servants in agencies against computer security policies. Flaw factors in computer security policy implementation were discussed to obtain strategies to ensure the successful implementation of computer security policies in an agency. The significant factors leading to a successful implementation of computer security policy at the governmental agencies were validated by experts. As a result, a guideline has been prepared to be applied as an improvement proposal to increase the awareness of government servants on ICT security policy in the agencies.
Air Travel and Urbanity: The Role of Migration, Social Networks, Airport Accessibility, and ‘Rebound’
Authors: Mattioli Giulio , Morton Craig , Scheiner Joachim
Published: June 2021

Residents of urban areas, and particularly urban cores, have higher levels of long-distance travel activity and related emissions, mostly on account of greater frequency of air travel. This relationship typically remains after controlling for basic socio-economic correlates of long-distance travel. There is an ongoing debate in the literature about what causes this association, and whether it calls into question urban densification strategies. Understanding this is important from a climate policy perspective. In this article, we investigate the role of three factors: i) access to airports; ii) the concentration of people with migration background and/or geographically dispersed social networks in urban areas; and iii) greater air travel by urban residents without cars (‘rebound effect’). We use representative survey data for the UK including information on respondents’ air travel frequency for private purposes and derive estimates of greenhouse gas emissions. The dataset also includes detailed information on migration generation, residential location of close family and friends, car ownership and use, as well as low-level geographical identifiers. The findings of regression analysis show that Greater London residents stand out in terms of emissions from air travel. Airport accessibility, migration background, and dispersion of social networks each explain part of this association, whereas we find no evidence of a rebound effect. However, proximity to town centres remains associated with higher emissions after accounting for these issues, indicating that this association is due to other factors than those considered here. We conclude by discussing implications for urban and climate policy, as well as future research.
MYTHICAL WORD AND MYTH IN ANCIENT GREEK TRADITION
Authors: Ivanova Karina , Sadovnikov Oleh , Balabay Yana
Published: June 2021

The term "myth" is a category of our thinking, used to combine the attempts to explain natural phenomena, creations of oral literature, philosophical constructions and cases of linguistic processes in the mind of the subject.
Myth is a living word, myth was experienced, and this experience determined the essence of the myth for man in the period of transformation of thinking from figurative into conceptual. Man of ancient times didn't separate himself from society, both society from nature and cosmos as an embodiment of various and numerous gods.
"Myth" was used to confirm the existence of something unknown or something that couldn't be verified, but there is trust in this unknown, based on translation. "Logos" was used to denote a word generated by mind, as a word referred to some higher, metaphysical one. The word "epic" was understood as an objective metrical narrative, in which a poetic illusion, an appropriate deception, illogicality were allowed.
"Myth", "logos" and "epic" were filled with different semantic meanings.
The semantic nuances in the word "myth" appeared in periods of weakening the power of myth and lately, when myth, as a sacred word, was opposed to religion, science and philosophy. The mythical word weakened by religious dogmas and definitions, empirical data of science and the logic of philosophical constructions, which created a new attitude to the myth and its definition.
According to the Greek tradition the word "myth" was formed as a multifaceted concept with a number of semantic nuances. The word itself was less understood, while more felt, reflecting the irrational aspects of human perception of the world or some parts. The myth was determined not by the word itself, but by the attitude to the description of experiences or events conveyed by him, formed in stories, with the addition of emotions, signs and symbols, combining verbal and nonverbal means of information.
Ideas de los PP. Feijoo y Sarmiento sobre la organización de los estudios
Authors: Sánchez Cantón Francisco J.
Published: June 2021

SIN RESUMEN
Estereotipos de género, educación y comercio sexual.
Authors: Fernández Viña Cecilia
Published: June 2021

La educación que recibimos reproduce un sistema de relaciones que perpetúan el comercio sexual. En la educación se transmiten estereotipos de género que son impuestos en la cultura patriarcal. Estos estereotipos se manifiestan en las relaciones de dominio y sumisión establecidas en los hombres y las mujeres. En el comercio sexual, estas relaciones son llevadas a cabo en el acto sexual, donde el putero ejerce una posición de superioridad y la prostituta se sitúa en un plano inferior, sus funciones se basan en agradar y servir al hombre.
Economía y trabajo en equipo como fuente de ventaja competitiva en las aulas de Secundaria
Authors: Díaz de la Buelga Paula
Published: June 2021

El trabajo en equipo es un término muy utilizado hoy en día en las organizaciones y deriva de múltiples teorías económicas que han sido objeto de estudio durante años pordiversas personas economistas, sociólogas y filósofas. Sus beneficios están respaldados por numerosas investigaciones de campo que prueban la efectividad de estas técnicas en el ámbito laboral y los beneficios que reporta en términos de productividad. Pese a quela mayor parte de los estudios están realizados en el ámbito de la empresa y las organizaciones, en los últimos años, estas teorías han sido objeto de aplicación en otros ámbitos,entre ellos, el educativo. El trabajo en equipo es una competencia que cada vez está más presente en nuestras vidas, por ello, los alumnos y alumnas deben de comenzar a potenciarsus habilidades para el trabajo en equipo desde edades tempranas y en todas las fases del sistema educativo. Fomentar el trabajo autónomo y colaborativo, así como crear actividades susceptibles de fortalecer la competencia del trabajo en equipo es una labor que como docentes  tenemos la obligación de perseguir. Por ello, en el presente trabajo serealiza una propuesta educativa para dinamizar las sesiones de clase, con la intención de enseñar a los alumnos y alumnas a aprender a aprender a través del trabajo en equipo.
Artificial Intelligence Driven Crypto Currencies
Authors: Ganapathy Apoorva , Redwanuzzaman Md. , Rahaman Md. Mahbubur , Khan Wahiduzzaman
Published: June 2021

Artificial intelligence-driven cryptocurrencies are cryptocurrencies created by Artificial intelligence using the traditional human cryptocurrency development framework without human intervention. An AI explores the data from each different stream and arriving at the framework which can host these cryptocurrencies following the standards of legality. Cryptography is the encryption of specific data to conceal it and keep it a secret from unwanted third parties. Cryptocurrencies are encrypted currencies with unique keys as developed by developers. Artificial intelligence is an advanced machine programmed to simulate and emulate human intelligence by carrying tasks and reaching conclusions with little or no human intervention. This work considered the use of AI through machine learning and deep learning in the development of cryptocurrencies. The AI machine will set all the parameters and structure of the cryptocurrency. This will include how data is added, removed, and verified on the stream. Blockchain is an open ledger of a cryptocurrency's transactions. It stores files in the system, arranged in blocks, and connected on a list called chains. The article considers how AI-driven cryptocurrency will run using the blockchain network and its impact on it. Artificial intelligence and cryptocurrency are technological very essential technological development currently. The effect of the combination of both technologies would be enormous in the future as both technologies will develop each other remarkably.
Effectiveness of structured teaching programme on knowledge and practices regarding oral hygiene among middle school children at Udaipur
Authors: Kumawat Harish K. , Kumar Ashok , Narayan Dev , Sharma Dinesh K. , Nagda Sanjay , Choubisa Vivek
Published: June 2021

Background: The vision of the Indian dental association is to improve oral health and achieving optimal national oral health for all. So, the present study was aimed to improve the knowledge and practice regarding oral hygiene using STP (structured teaching programme) among selected middle school children at Udaipur.Methods: Evaluative research approach and pre-experimental, one-group pre-test, post-test designs were adopted for this study. Using a non-probability, convenient sampling technique, sixty children were recruited from the sixth and seventh standards of selected middle schools at Udaipur city. Tools included demographic data, a self-structured knowledge questionnaire and an observational checklist. Data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential values by IBM statistical package for social sciences (SPSS version 23) software.Results: Data revealed that there was a lack of knowledge and practice (tooth brushing technique) on oral hygiene among middle school children which can be increased by administering STP on oral hygiene. The mean and standard deviation of post-test knowledge score and practice score 15.73±1.19 and 8.41±1.66 was higher than the mean and standard deviation of pre-test knowledge score and practice score 5.11±1.14 and 4.27±179 respectively.Conclusions: Greater attention to STP on oral hygiene is needed to improve knowledge and practice (tooth brushing technique) regarding oral hygiene among middle school children.
In the Process of Being Bilingual of an Indonesian Child: The Phenomena of Code-Switching, Language Mixing and Borrowing
Authors: Nurjaleka Lisda , Supriatnaningsih Rina
Published: June 2021

The present study is a longitudinal study for approximately 26 months to the Indonesian child and has been through her second language acquisition in Japan. A Longitudinal study is a research design that involved repeated observation of the same variables over long periods. The acquisition process took place for about four years. After returning to Indonesia, the family wants to keep her second language and do some second language maintenance. While in her process to be bilingual, she experienced a process of code-switching and code-mixing in her daily life using their mother tongue, Indonesian, and her second language, Japanese. This research focuses on how the child maintains her second language and how the bilingual process's phenomena occur through interactions in the family environment. Several language transfers from the second language to the first language occur in their daily life using Indonesian. This study uses an ethnographic research approach. Conducting ethnographic research requires a long-term process by making detailed notes about the group's behavior and beliefs from time to time. Observation and interviews are the procedures used in data collection in the field. The transfer language process is used through the code-mixing, code-switching, and preservation process of the second language after returning home. The results saw that the child both uses language systems in each language and sometimes mixed in between languages, as she has her languages.Keywords: code-switching; language mixing; Japanese as a second language; bilingual process
Effect of Alcohol Dependence on QTc Interval - A Case Control Study
Authors: Jaligidad Kadappa , Auti Ajinkya Dilip , Patil Appu
Published: June 2021

BACKGROUND Deleterious effects on the cardiovascular system like alcoholic cardiomyopathy and severe heart failure has been seen in those who are having chronic or heavy alcohol consumption. Majority of the clinical studies were based on selected group of patients like severe heart failure, as compared to that, the study among asymptomatic alcoholics were not well studied. Chronic and heavy alcohol consumption leads to adverse effects like arrhythmias such as atrial fibrillation and life-threatening re-entrant ventricular arrhythmias which can be predicted by studying QTc interval. The purpose of this study was to observe the effect of alcohol dependence on QTc interval. METHODS This is a Hospital based case control study conducted among patients admitted in SNMC & HSK hospital with diagnosis as Alcohol Dependence Syndrome (ADS) according to International classification of diseases (ICD) 10 criteria from October 2020 to December 2020. 30 alcohol dependence cases and 30 age matched controls above 18 years of age were selected. The ECG was recorded in lying down and resting position. The ECG results were analysed for QTc interval. Sample size estimation was done using open epi Software version 2.3.1. RESULTS Among the 30 cases, 53.3 % had prolonged QTc interval. Out of these, 11 were in the age group of 18 - 35 years, 17 were in 36 - 55 years while 2 were in the age group > 55 years while in 30 controls only 1 had prolonged QTc in the age group of 36 - 55 years. CONCLUSIONS A prolonged QTc interval was observed in 16 out of 30 cases which provides the evidence, that prolonged QTc interval was significant in alcohol dependence patients. Hence, early detection of ECG changes like prolonged QTc interval will help in preventing the adverse cardiovascular events and comorbidities associated with it. KEYWORDS QTc Interval, ECG, Alcohol Dependence
A Comparative Study of Dacryocystorhinostomy with or without Stent in a Tertiary Teaching Hospital of Telangana
Authors: Khan Imtiaz Ahmed , Mujahid Naseeruddin , Nabeel Nabeel
Published: June 2021

BACKGROUND Epiphora is a common annoying symptom, embarrassing the patient both socially and functionally and may even endanger the eye. Chronic Dacryocystitis is the most common cause of epiphora which arises from nasolacrimal duct occlusion. Dacryocystorhinostomy (DCR) is the procedure of choice in the management of Dacryocystitis. We wanted to study the final outcome following endonasal DCR for chronic dacryocystitis with or without using silicon stent, evaluate the causes of persistence of epiphora in patients with or without the use of lacrimal stents and identify the methods of overcoming them postoperatively. METHODS A case control study to compare the results of Endonasal DCR with and without stent was conducted among 96 patients of both genders aged above 20 years with symptoms and signs suggestive of nasolacrimal duct blockage. All the cases and controls were randomly selected and included as group A and group B. RESULTS 96 patients were included in this study and they were divided into two groups (Group A and Group B) with 48 patients in each group. More than 75 % of the patients were between 31 and 60 years of age with a mean age of 44.36 ± 3.15 years. In Group B, 72.91 % of the cases were between 31 and 60 years of age with a mean age of 45.50 ± 4.10 years. There was no statistically significant difference in both groups. In group A (DCR with stent) success rate or relief of symptoms was 96 % whereas in group B (DCR without stent) success rate or symptomatic relief was 80 %. CONCLUSIONS Endoscopic endonasal DCR with stent is a safe and minimally invasive procedure and is an effective treatment for patients who have failed primary endoscopic DCR without stent and also in cases of mucocele and pyocele of the sac. KEYWORDS Chronic Dacryocystitis, Dacryocysto-Rhinostomy, Nasolacrimal Duct and Endoscopic Dacryocysto-Rhinostomy
Smart Phone Apps for Smoking Cessation - A Qualitative Study among Healthcare Providers in Chennai
Authors: Sucharitha Sree T. , Rangasamy Pradeep , R Vaishikaa , S.M Balaji , T Bindu , N Gunasekaran
Published: June 2021

BACKGROUND Majority of smokers are aware of health consequences due to smoking but reported inability to quit smoking in multiple studies. Reasons attributed to continued smoking include multiple causes like addiction, habit and stress, as well as face-valid causes such as disease, personality problems, weakness of character, etc. Tobacco cessation services promoted by World Health Organization (WHO) are typically to be initiated by the service provider and include brief opportunistic assessment for smoking cessation widely known as 5A’ and 5R’s for brief assessment. Health interventions are identified by WHO as an effective way to enhance the promotion of tobacco cessation as only three percent of smokers manage to quit without help of intervention. This study explored the awareness of smart phone apps for smoking cessation among private healthcare providers in Chennai. METHODS A qualitative, explorative study through one-on-one, personal interviews among 36 randomly approached and consenting healthcare providers primarily providing tobacco related health care services including dentists, psychiatrists, ear – nose - throat surgeons, general medicine, respiratory medicine, surgeons and obstetricians at six private teaching medical institutes was conducted from July 2020 to October 2020 in Chennai. RESULTS The results showed that majority of the healthcare providers lack awareness of smart phone-based apps for smoking cessation. However, a very small minority3 who were aware were limited by social determinants of health of the clients such as perceived poor digital literacy, unaffordability of internet packages to recommend them. CONCLUSIONS The healthcare providers from various fields lacked the awareness of smart phone apps aiding with smoking cessation with the exception of a minor few3 who acknowledged their existence but were engaged very minimally with these modalities. KEYWORDS Healthcare Providers’ Awareness, Smart Phone Based-Apps, Smoking Cessation Apps, Tobacco Clients, Personal Interviews
Cytohistological Correlation of Cervical PAP Smears - A TwoYear Retrospective Study from Ongole, Andhra Pradesh
Authors: Rajeswari Rajavarapu , Chandulee Kancharla Sushma , Suneetha Kona , Prasanna Boddu Penchala
Published: June 2021

BACKGROUND Cervical cancer is one of the most common forms of cancer. In India it is the second most common cancer after breast carcinoma. PAP smear is the best screening method to reveal spectrum of lesions in cervix ranging from inflammatory to the neoplastic process. Because of easy accessibility of cervix, cervical screening is helpful for ready diagnosis of 90 % to 96 % cytological abnormalities even in the pre-invasive stage. We wanted to evaluate the importance of PAP smear examination as a preliminary method accommodating histopathology and assess the spectrum of lesions. METHODS The study was done to identify the target age groups for the early detection of cancerous cervix by PAP smear examination. The study was done on patients who attended government general hospital (GGH), Ongole, from January 2018 to December 2019. Lesions were categorized based on 2014 Bethesda system as negative intraepithelial lesion for malignancy (NILM) / Inflammatory, benign, premalignant, and malignant. The clinicocytological and histopathological examination (HPE) of cervical biopsy of corresponding smears were compared and analysed in the present study. RESULTS Of the 584 cases studied by PAP smear examination, maximum number of patients were between 21 and 60 years of age. Maximum number of patients came with the complaint of white discharge. Highest number of cases reported were NILM / inflammatory (54.18 %), followed by atypical squamous cells of undetermined significance (ASCUS) (20.68 %), high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (HSIL) (13.84 %), squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) (6.84 %), low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (LSIL) (1.65 %), metaplasia (1.19 %), atypical glandular cells of undetermined significance (AGUS) (0.51 %), adenocarcinoma (0.17 %). CONCLUSIONS Cervical PAP smear screening is simple, cost effective and reliable method for early detection of cervical cancers. Classification of lesions based on Bethesda terminology is most informative and useful. Correlation of PAP smear cervical cytology with gold standard HPE provides greater efficacy in diagnosis. KEYWORDS PAP smears, NILM, ASCUS, AGUS, LSIL, HSIL
Comparison of Weil Felix Test and ELISA with the Gold Standard IFA for the Diagnosis of Scrub Typhus in Clinically Suspected Cases of Scrub Typhus at a Tertiary Care Hospital in Tamil Nadu
Authors: Jacob Anisha Elizabeth , Thomas Marina , Appalaraju v
Published: June 2021

BACKGROUND Scrub typhus is a febrile disease, the clinical diagnosis of which is difficult due to its vague symptoms. Scrub typhus is diagnosed mainly via serological tests. Sensitivity of Weil Felix was found to be poor, but the specificity of Weil Felix was variable in different studies. Enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) IgM is known to be a sensitive test, but its specificity was variable in different studies. Therefore, in this study we have compared these two tests with the gold standard IFA. METHODS The study was performed as a cross-sectional study. Among the suspected scrub typhus cases, fifty consecutive IFA scrub typhus positive and fifty consecutive IFA negative samples were taken for comparison of Weil Felix and ELISA tests. The indirect fluorescent antibody test (IFA) was taken as the gold standard. RESULTS The sensitivity of ELISA and Weil Felix at a titre of 1 : 160 was found to be 96 % and 40 % respectively. The specificity of ELISA and Weil Felix at 1 : 160 and was found to be 88 % and 94 % respectively. CONCLUSIONS Scrub typhus should be kept in mind as a possible diagnosis in acute febrile illnesses. Weil - Felix was found to have a good specificity but low sensitivity. Hence, if the results by Weil Felix are negative, scrub typhus cannot be ruled out and may require further testing. ELISA showed good sensitivity making it a preferable screening test but is not highly specific and confirmation with IFA may be required when feasible. KEYWORDS Scrub Typhus, ELISA, Weil Felix, IFA, Laboratory Diagnosis
Black-Litterman con técnicas difusas: caso índice Coleqty
Authors: Franco Yuly Andrea
Published: June 2021

El proceso de optimización de portafolio busca encontrar el mejor de estos a través de las variables de riesgo y retorno, el modelo clásico de Mar-kowitz ha trabajado dicha selección bajo el portafolio de media-varianza, el cual ha sido constantemente criticado por trabajar bajo datos históricos, no contemplar el estado del mercado, su baja diversificación, entre otros. Buscando generar aportes a este modelo, se destaca el trabajo realizado por Fischer Black y Robert Litterman, quienes combinan la asignación de activos financieros basados en el supuesto de equilibrio y la opinión del inversor con respecto al rendimiento futuro de los activos. Sin embargo, debido a los hechos latentes de incertidumbre, ambigüedad, vaguedad y subjetividad que se presentan durante el proceso de optimización de por-tafolio, se propone el uso de técnicas difusas para su modelación, a fin de abrir nuevos caminos frente al tratamiento de la realidad. Este artículo es resultado del trabajo de grado de la maestría en Finan-zas (Aplicación de técnicas difusas al modelo de selección de portafolio Black-Litterman: Caso Colombia índice Coleqty), el cual propone evaluar los aportes del proceso de optimización de portafolio en el modelo Black- Litterman bajo técnicas difusas en las acciones del índice Coleqty de Co-lombia, operando el resultado del rendimiento y riesgo bajo funciones de pertenencia triangular y trapezoidal, para obtener así diferentes portafolios en cuanto su diversificación, los cuales se comparan con los indicadores de desempeño Sharpe, Treynor y Alfa de Jensen, destacando el portafolio con mejor rendimiento y menor riesgo, es decir, se determinará cuál es el mejor proceso de optimización de portafolio, si el Black-Litterman clásico o el Black-Litterman con técnicas difusas.
Molecular Genetic Characterization of the Turkish National Green Plum (Prunus cerasifera Ehrh.) Collection
Authors: ÇAKIR Gülsüm , TAŞCIOĞLU Tülin , ÇAVDAR Andaç , DOĞANLAR Sami , FRARY Amy , FRARY Anne
Published: June 2021

Plum is an important fruit worldwide and has high nutritional value. Prunus cerasifera Ehrh., a type of European plum species, is very popular in Turkey and is usually eaten at the green, unripe stage. In this work for the first time, the genetic diversity and population structure of the 66 accessions housed in the Turkish National P. cerasifera collection were investigated using molecular markers. A total of 47 Sequence-Related Amplified Polymorphism (SRAP) primer pairs were used and found to be highly polymorphic with 98% of the 495 amplified alleles providing polymorphism. Average diversity of the accessions was 0.39 as determined using the dice coefficient and was similar to P. cerasifera germplasm from France, Iran and Belarus but higher than that from China. This difference was expected as Turkey, Iran and Belarus are within the geographical origin of this species which was distributed to Europe during ancient times. The genetic relationships among accessions of the germplasm collection were assessed using unweighted neighbor joining dendrogram and population structure analyses. The dendrogram and population structure results were strongly correlated as both methods clustered the material into two main groups with a much smaller third admixed group. The analysis also indicated that Can and Papaz types, despite their morphological differences are not genetically distinct and provides information about genetic relationships that can be used in future plum breeding.
Bazı Böğürtlen Çeşitlerinin Çiçek Tozu Performanslarının Farklı İnkübasyon Sıcaklıkları ve Süreleri Boyunca Belirlenmesi
Authors: GÜÇLÜ Sultan Filiz , KAÇAL Emel , KOYUNCU Fatma
Published: June 2021

Böğürtlen, yüksek antioksidan miktarı ve kolay çoğaltılması nedeniyle önemli bir üzümsü meyvedir. Meyvecilikte etkili bir tozlanma için ilk şart canlı, morfolojik homojenlik düzeyi yüksek, çimlenme yeteneğinde çiçek tozlarının bulunmasıdır. Bu çalışmada Navaho, Jumbo, Bursa I ve Bursa II böğürtlen çeşitlerine ait çiçek tozları kullanılmıştır. Çeşitlerin polen performanslarını belirleyebilmek amacıyla çiçek tozu üretim miktarları, çiçek tozu canlılık testleri, farklı sıcaklıklarda çiçek tozu çimlendirme ve çiçek tozu çim borusu uzunlukları belirlenmiştir. Bursa II çeşidi çiçek tozu üretim miktarı ve morfolojik homojenlik düzeyi bakımından en yüksek değerleri veren çeşit olmuştur. Çiçek tozu çimlenmesi ve tüp büyümesi için en uygun sıcaklığın 18 oC olduğu, sıcaklık yükseldikçe hem çimlenme oranının düştüğü hem de daha kısa çim borularının oluştuğu gözlenmiştir.
Moscow and St. Petersburg Compete: Negotiating City Identity on Ru.Net
Authors: Yelenevskaya Maria
Published: June 2021

Studies conducted by environmental psychologists, sociologists and cultural geographers show that affiliation of self with place forms a salient part of identity, and even personalities inclined to nomadic life styles identify themselves in terms of location. In people’s relations with space, cities have a special role, albeit one that changes over time. In the second half of the 20th century, erasing of the borders between urban and rural areas, the growth of migration, and globalisation marked by convergence of consumer tastes and patterns have changed the face of the city. The purpose of this essay is to analyse how the identities of the two biggest Russian cities, Moscow and St. Petersburg, and their residents are negotiated and reshaped in the discourse of Internet users and why the juxtaposition of the two cities has been a pervasive theme in the last decade.
In vitro Antimicrobial, Antibiofilm and Antiquorum Sensing Activity of Indian Rhododendron (Melastoma malabathricum) against Clinical Isolates of Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus
Authors: Das Honeysmita , Samanta A.K. , Kumar Sanjeev , Roychoudhury P. , Sarma Kalyan , Akter Fatema , Subudhi P.K. , Dutta T.K.
Published: June 2021

Background: Development and persistence of multidrug resistant (MDR) bacteria is considered to be one of the biggest threats to public health worldwide. Development of new antimicrobial agents and alternatives to the conventional antimicrobial agents to control the menace of AMR is the need of the hour. Plants based products can be effectively explored as potential antimicrobial, antibiofilm and antiquorum sensing agents against major bacterial pathogens of human and animals. This present study was conducted to explore the antimicrobial, antibiofilm and antiquorum sensing activity of aqueous and methanol extracts of leaf, flower, fruit and stem of Melastoma malabathricum against clinical isolates of Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli. Methods: E. coli and S. aureus were isolated and identified from diarrhoeic pigs and poultry and mastitic milk of cattle of Mizoram, respectively. Leaf, flower, fruit and stem of M. malabathricum were collected from Mizoram and extracted by methanol and aqueous solvents. The antimicrobial activity and MIC was determined by using well diffusion method and 96 wells microtiter plate method, respectively. Antibiofilm activity of plant extracts was determined in 96 well tissue culture plate. Antiquorum sensing activity was determined by disc diffusion method. Result: Methanol leaf extract exhibited antimicrobial activity against E. coli but not against S. aureus with 18 mm and 6 mm zone of inhibition at 200 mg/mL and 12.5 mg/mL, respectively. Methanol flower extract showed antimicrobial activity against S. aureus but not against E. coli with 14 mm and 6 mm zone of inhibitions at 200 mg/ml and 12.5 mg/mL, respectively. Similarly, the aqueous leaf extract showed antimicrobial activity against S. aureus but not against E. coli with 12 mm and 6 mm zone of inhibition at 200 mg/mL and 100 mg/mL, respectively. The MIC of M. malabathricum methanol leaf extract against E. coli was 3.125 mg/mL, whereas the MIC value of methanol flower and leaf extracts was 6.25 mg/mL against S. aureus. Antibiofilm activity of M. malabathricum methanol leaf, methanol flower and aqueous leaf extracts was recorded only against S. aureus isolates with maximum inhibition at 0.05 mg/mL concentration. Good antiquorum sensing activities was exhibited by the M. malabathricum methanol leaf, methanol flower and aqueous leaf extracts against S. aureus isolates at 200 mg/mL concentration.
Construing the Role of Plant Extracts, Fungicides and Bio-agents in Ameliorating Fusarium Wilt Management in Chickpea
Authors: Khanna Annie , Raj Kushal , Kumar Pankaj
Published: June 2021

Background: Chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) is the most important leguminous crop around the world. Fusarium wilt incited by Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. ciceris is a major biotic constraint in chickpea production. The present investigation was undertaken to evaluate the efficacy of plant extracts, fungicides and bio-agents against Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. ciceris under in vitro and field conditions. Methods: Plant extracts and fungicides were evaluated using poison food technique while antagonistic activity of bio-agents was studied using dual culture technique under in vitro conditions. Field trials were conducted to evaluate the efficacy of different plant extracts, fungicides and bio-agents against Fusarium wilt at Experimental Area of Plant Pathology, CCS HAU, Hisar. Result: Among thirteen plant extracts evaluated in vitro, neem leaves extract was found to be the most effective in inhibiting mycelial growth of F. oxysporum f. sp. ciceris followed by datura leaves’ and garlic cloves’ extract which were statistically at par. Out of six plant extracts tested against Fusarium wilt under field conditions, seed treatment with extracts of neem and datura leaves at 10% concentration were most effective and curtailed the wilt incidence by 39.02 and 34.14% along with 7.55 and 6.83% enhanced seed yield. Among fungicides, carbendazim 50 WP was the most toxic fungicide in restricting colony diameter of the pathogen with the least EC50 and EC90 values of 1.28 and 15.24 ppm a.i. followed by azoxystrobin 23 SC with corresponding values of 1.57 and 49.16 ppm a.i., respectively. Seed treatment with carbendazim 50 WP and azoxystrobin 23 SC were superior over other treatments and provided 88.41 and 85.98% reduction in disease incidence along with 12.85 and 10.99% higher seed yield over control. Among the bio-agents tested, T. viride and T. harzianum gave the best results in suppressing the pathogen growth in vitro and in minimizing the disease incidence coupled with improvement in seed yield under field conditions. The present study has provided chemical and non-chemical measures for integrated management of chickpea wilt.
PISTAS PARA O TRABALHO DO APOIO NO PROJETO “SÍFILIS NÃO”
Authors: Priamo Vania , Campos dos Santos Sofia , Soares dos Santos Jamile
Published: June 2021

Desenvolver o papel do Apoiador de Pesquisa e Intervenção no Projeto “Sífilis Não” nos municípios prioritários, partiu do reconhecimento inicial de alguns desafios e potencialidades. Entre os desafios a necessidade de cartografar os territórios, transpor os limites territoriais e de construir a perspectiva do trabalho de maneira integrada, mesmo que em municípios distintos. Entre as potencialidades, se destaca a identificação do perfil profissional das apoiadoras, incluindo as experiências e vivências que cada uma trouxe em sua bagagem. Esse reconhecimento inicial foi estruturante para as ações e estratégias desenvolvidas a partir do projeto. Este relato trata de uma narrativa que partiu da reflexão da trajetória da construção da modelagem do apoio de pesquisa e intervenção no Projeto “Sífilis Não”. Sendo a narrativa um método que busca “uma forma de entender a experiência” de maneira colaborativa entre o pesquisador e o pesquisado. Para tanto, foi realizado um resgate conceitual, analisada a trajetória e levantadas as pistas que contribuem com o desenvolvimento desta modelagem de apoio, como: a realização de cartografia; o reconhecimento de atores estratégicos; a apresentação do projeto no território; o desenvolvimento de ações de forma planejada; o reconhecimento de que o apoio é uma estratégia que mobiliza e articula; e a compreensão de que a sustentabilidade das ações não deve depender da presença exclusiva do apoiador. A narrativa está organizada em ciclos cronológicos, que dialogam entre si, para melhor compreensão da revelação as pistas.
UM UM BREVE RELATO SOBRE OS DESAFIOS DA ATUAÇÃO INTEGRADA ENTRE OS APOIADORES DO PROJETO “SÍFILIS NÃO”, PROJETO FORÇA TAREFA E SEINSF/SEMS
Authors: MENEZES NEYLA , Porto Ana Maria Mello , Tani Marilda Pereira Yamashiro , Santos Valéria Bezerra
Published: June 2021

O presente trabalho propõe a discussão das atividades integradas realizadas pelas apoiadoras do Projeto Interfederativo de Resposta Rápida à Sífilis nas Redes de Atenção (Sífilis Não), Projeto de Integração das Ações de Vigilância em Saúde e Atenção Primária para o Fortalecimento do Sistema Único de Saúde (Projeto Força Tarefa) e a Seção de Apoio Institucional e Articulação Federativa da Superintendência Estadual do Ministério da Saúde em Alagoas – SEINSF/SEMS/AL. Ressalta-se que os Projetos “Sífilis Não” e “Força Tarefa” são frutos de uma parceria entre o Ministério da Saúde e o Laboratório de Inovação Tecnológica em Saúde (LAIS) do Hospital Universitário Onofre Lopes da Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte (LAIS/UFRN), com o apoio da Organização Pan-Americana da Saúde (Opas/OMS). Este relato de experiência descreve as ações realizadas pelas 04 (quatro) apoiadoras dos referidos projetos e do SEINSF/SEMS emAlagoas, no período de abril de 2018 a outubro de 2020 através de um trabalho integrado e colaborativo com 18 áreas técnicas da SESAU e apoiadores do COSEMS/AL e cujos principais resultados foram a realização de 15 reuniões para alinhamento de estratégias entre as apoiadoras, 25 reuniões técnicas com o Grupo Integração, 17 webconferências que envolveram aproximadamente 652 profissionais que atuam no âmbito dos 102 municípios alagoanos. Observou-se que a articulação inicial entre o “Projeto Sífilis Não” e o SEINSF/SEMS/AL é potencializado através da articulação com o “Projeto Força Tarefa” que amplia o escopo das ações através de uma maior mobilização junto às áreas técnicas da Secretaria de Estado da Saúde de Alagoas - SESAU/AL, do fortalecimento da articulação entre Atenção Primária Saúde (APS) e Vigilância em Saúde (VS) e da possibilidade de construção de novas estratégias de trabalho em conjunto com os municípios alagoanos.
Society of life-creating noosphere labour – the strategy for the development of Russia and humanity
Authors: Subetto Alexander
Published: June 2021

The article reveals the prerequisites and grounds for the transition in its development in the XXI century of Russia and humanity to a society of creative noospheric labor. The formation of such a society is the only strategy for humanity's exit from the already existing impasse in history in the form of developing processes of the first phase of the Global Ecological Catastrophe and a breakthrough to the noospheric paradigm of future history. The article considers different approaches to the system of values of modern society. The key concepts are a consumer society, labour economic models of colonization, and the dictatorship of developing countries. The main provisions of the study are the recognition of the need for human creativity and labor as part of the noosphere and the necessity of the transition from a digital society, which threatens an impending ecological catastrophe, to the scientific and educational, creative association of people. However, humanity still identifies itself through market-capitalist relations, which divert it from nature and itself
Employment and labour market: contours of de-standardisation. Academic discussion at the V St. Petersburg international labour forum (St. Petersburg, 23 april 2021)
Authors: Bobkov Vyacheslav , Veredyuk Olesya
Published: June 2021

This paper aims to analyze and summarize the realities of academic discourse on fundamental transformations in the sphere of labour relations related to the development of non-standard employment. The digests of the presentations that the authors received from the speakers of the international academic pаnel «Employment and Labour Market: Contours of De-standardisation» held in the framework of the V St. Petersburg International Labour Forum in April 2021 established the scientific basis of the paper. The authors focus on the transformation of labour relations associated with their de-standardization, i.e. departure from the model with a permanent full-time employe-eemployer relationship that provides a range of social rights and guarantees. The authors review and critically analyze the evolving discourse on the current and prospective international academic issues of debates on the topic of de-standardization of labour relations. The main results of the paper are the following, firstly, an overview of the materials of the academic panel on the labour de-standardization problem; secondly, the proposed outlines of a comprehensive approach to solving the problem, primarily in terms of decent work and employment for all, taking into account international experience and country-specific features of economies; and thirdly, recommendations for further discussions towards exploring the opportunities and threats facing work and employment resulting from the Industrial Revolution 4.0 in the context of global capitalism and finding alternative ways of resolving the accumulated contradictions
Cultural agenda in formation of population quality in Russia
Authors: Muzychuk Valentina
Published: June 2021

The article is devoted to the analysis of the cultural component in the formation of the population quality in Russia. In this paper, on the basis of the data of sociological polls, an attempt is made to assess the modern cultural policy of Russia from the point of view of the formation of the human potential quality. Sociological polls show that the population of Russia as a whole is interested in getting to know cultural values, but only half of the respondents have a real opportunity to consume cultural goods. Among the main reasons explaining the impossibility of contact with the arts and culture, the respondents indicate the lack of money, time, and information. The article focuses on the negative consequences of cultural policy implementation in the context of institutional transformations in the field of culture associated with unification, optimization, commercialization, and culture measurement in the framework of the budgetary sector reform. Within the framework of performance-based budgeting, cultural institutions are financed not by the fact of their existence on the basis of the cost estimate, but according to the volume and quality of services provided according to a state (municipal) assignment. Instead of realizing a cultural mission, cultural institutions now fulfill the tasks facing the founder. As a result of unification, optimization, commercialization, and cultural measurement, the performance of cultural institutions is assessed in accordance with a business approach, meaning on the basis of quantitatively measurable indicators (number of events, number of consumers, amount of earned income). As a result, the specificity of cultural activities and the high social significance of cultural institutions are not taken into account. The paper pays attention to the problems of financial support of the cultural sphere at the expense of budgetary funds and also shows significant regional disparities in the financing of the cultural sphere in the regions of Russia. In addition, the article examines the consumption of cultural goods through the prism of household consumption expenditures
Demographic security of the far eastern geostrategic territories of Russia
Authors: Simagin Yury
Published: June 2021

The article presents an analysis of the demographic situation of the border and priority geostrategic territories of the Russian Far East, identified in the «Strategy of Spatial Development of the Russian Federation until 2025». The main problem of the Far Eastern geostrategic territories of the country is depopulation, which is both a factor that slows down the socio-economic development of the macroregion and a trend that can lead to threats to national security. The latter may be most significant for the sparsely populated and almost uninhabited Far Eastern territories located both in the south of the Far East (especially along the border with China) and in the north of the macroregion along the Northern Sea Route, in the development of which not only Russia but also some foreign countries, primarily China, are interested. The analysis was carried out using the database «Municipal Russia», which summarizes demographic statistics for all urban districts and municipal districts of the country, including those located on geostrategic territories. The results of the analysis showed that even in relatively prosperous regions from a demographic point of view, where since 2010 There is an increase in the population, in their border areas (Republic of Buryatia) or Arctic coastal areas (Republic of Sakha (Yakutia)). In municipalities, the already small population is usually declining, which can create threats to demographic security for the entire Russian Federation. To solve this problem, it is necessary to organize monitoring of the dynamics and ethnic composition of the population, the development of special measures of demographic and migration policy
The migration component in the demographic development of Russia in the post-war period (1951–2020)
Authors: Rybakovsky Leonid , Savinkov Vladimir , Kozhevnikova Natalia
Published: June 2021

The article discusses possible combinations of the impact on the dynamics of the population of migration growth (decline) and natural decline (increase). Variants of combinations with the corresponding values of natural and migration movements are shown using examples of the demographic dynamics of Russia. Reliable information about the migration movement of the population refers only to the time that began in the 50s. It is distributed over periods that differ in the nature of the impact of the reproductive and migration components on demographic dynamics. During these periods spanning seventy years, the country's population increased by almost 44 million. In the first 25 years, there was a migration decline, more than offset by natural population growth. Then migration, along with natural movement, acted as a component of population dynamics. Due to natural growth, the population increased to the 1951 level. by 33.8 million people. The migration component accounted for 10.6 million people. Their ratio was 3/4 to 1/4. It is shown that in the second half of the tenth years of the twenty-first century, Russia entered a difficult demographic time for it, aggravated by the fact that by now in the new abroad the migration potential oriented towards Russia has significantly decreased
Complexity in international society: theorising fragmentation and linkages in primary and secondary institutions
Authors: Schmidt Dennis R.
Published: June 2021

This article seeks to contribute to theorising the institutional structure of international society by exploring synergies between complex systems thinking and the English School theory of International Relations (IR). Suggesting that the English School already embraces key conceptual insights from complexity theory, most notably relational and adaptive systems thinking, it reconfigures international society as a complex social system. To further advance the English School’s research programme on international institutions, the article introduces the notion of “law-governed emergence” and distils two effects it has on global institutional ordering practices: fragmentation and clustering. These moves help to establish complexity as a fundamental structural condition of institutional ordering at the global level, and to provide a basis for taking steps toward better understanding the nature and significance of institutional interconnections in a globalised international society.