bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The complex multi-component outflow of the Seyfert galaxy NGC 7130
Authors: Comerón S. , Knapen J. H. , Ramos Almeida C. , Watkins A. E.
Published: November 2020

Active galactic nuclei (AGN) are a key ingredient for understanding galactic evolution, as their activity is coupled to the host galaxy properties through feedback processes. AGN-driven outflows are one of the manifestations of this feedback. The laser guide star adaptive optics mode for MUSE at the VLT now permits us to study the innermost tens of parsecs of nearby AGN in the optical. We present a detailed analysis of the ionised gas in the central regions of NGC 7130, which is an archetypical composite Seyfert and nuclear starburst galaxy at a distance of 64.8 Mpc. We achieve an angular resolution of 0.​​″17, corresponding to roughly 50 pc. We performed a multi-component analysis of the main interstellar medium emission lines in the wavelength range of MUSE and identified nine kinematic components, six of which correspond to the AGN outflow. The outflow is biconic, oriented in an almost north–south direction, and has velocities of a few 100 km s−1 with respect to the disc of NGC 7130. The lobe length is at least 3″(∼900 pc). We decomposed the approaching side of the outflow into a broad and a narrow component with typical velocity dispersions below and above ∼200 km s−1, respectively. The blueshifted narrow nomponent has a sub-structure, in particular a collimated plume traced especially well by [O III]. The plume is aligned with the radio jet, indicating that it may be jet powered. The redshifted lobe is composed of two narrow components and a broad component. An additional redshifted component is seen outside the main north-south axis, about an arcsecond east of the nucleus. Line ratio diagnostics indicate that the outflow gas in the north–south axis is AGN powered, whereas the off-axis component has LINER properties. We hypothesise that this is because the radiation field that reaches off-axis clouds has been filtered by clumpy ionised clouds found between the central engine and the low-ionisation emitting region. If we account for all the outflow components (the blueshifted components), the ionised gas mass outflow rate is Ṁ = 1.5 ± 0.9 M⊙ yr−1 (Ṁ = 0.55 ± 0.55 M⊙ yr−1), and the kinetic power of the AGN is Ėkin = (3.4 ± 2.5) × 1041 erg s−1 (Ėkin = (8.8 ± 5.9) × 1040 erg s−1), which corresponds to Fkin = 0.15 ± 0.11% (Fkin = 0.040 ± 0.027%) of the bolometric AGN power. The broad components, those with a velocity dispersion of σ >  200 km s−1, carry ∼2/3 (∼90%) of the mass outflow, and ∼90% (∼98%) of the kinetic power. The combination of high-angular-resolution integral field spectroscopy and a careful multi-component decomposition allows a uniquely detailed view of the outflow in NGC 7130, illustrating that AGN kinematics are more complex than those traditionally derived from less sophisticated data and analyses.
Seeing with electrons
Authors: Jakobi Arjen J.
Published: November 2020

Transformative technological advances have propelled cryogenic electron microscopy (cryo-EM) to take center stage in elucidating the intricacies of the nanoscale molecular machinery of viruses, bacteria and eukaryotic cells. Continued developments hold exciting promise for structural biophysicists to move closer to their dream of visualising atomic resolution snapshots of individual molecules at work in their native cellular environment.
From single particle motion to structure of biological systems
Authors: Roichman Yael
Published: November 2020

Single molecule and single particle microscopy opened the door to observing dynamical processes in noisy living systems. Recent studies demonstrate how the stochastic motion of tracer particles can also provide us with information about the structure and flow properties of active and complex biological systems.
Projected future risk of leukemia and brain tumors from unnecessary brain CT scans: a multi-center study in Iran
Authors: Asgari A. , Parach A.A. , Bouzarjomehri F. , Shirani-Takabi F. , Mehrparvar A.H. , Mirmohammadi S.J. , Khaksar E.
Published: November 2020

Introduction: Computer Tomography (CT) scans can deliver a relatively high radiation dose to the patient, therefore radiation protection for this modality is paramount. The present study determined the frequency of no abnormality detected (NAD) brain CT scans and probability of cancer induction in different age groups and genders. Methods: In this study, brain CT reports were used to identify any findings as abnormality detected (AD) and others as NAD. Then probability of future leukemia and brain cancer was estimated for different age and gender groups. Results: On average, in 65% of the cases the results were NAD (56% and 76% among males and females, respectively). Among children, 79% of the reports were NAD. The total number of projected brain cancers was 1.8 and 1.3 for males and females, respectively. The number of projected leukemia cases was 0.75 and 0.7 for males and females, respectively. For pediatric patients, brain CT scans can lead to leukemia cases about 4.5 times more often than adults. Conclusion: Brain CT scans can lead to additional cases of brain cancer and leukemia. A significant fraction of brain CTs were NAD (non-pathologic) and could practically be replaced by other radiation-free imaging modalities, especially in pediatric and young patients.
Maternal Serum Matrix Metalloproteinase 14 (MMP14) in Early Onset Preeclampsia and Normal Pregnancy
Authors: Sumawan H , Sutrisno
Published: November 2020

Matrix Metalloproteinases 14 presumably play for cytotrophoblast migration and invasion of the uterine wall and in the remodeling of the spiral arteries in pregnancy. Inadequate trophoblastic invasion leads to an inappropriate vascular remodeling, which generates conditions of hypoxia and increased oxidative stress in the placenta early onset preeclampsia. Therefore, it is particularly important to investigating whether MMP14 altered and can be used as biomarker of preeclampsia. There have been no studies done to measure MMP14 in serum maternal between early onset preeclampsia and normal pregnancy The purpose of this study was to analyse whether maternal serum matrix metalloproteinases 14 levels differ in early onset preeclampsia and uncomplicated pregnancies. This crosssectional study was carried out in 20 subjects with early onset preeclampsia and 20 subjects of normotensive pregnant women range 24 up to 34 weeks of gestation. The study was conducted in Margono Hospital Purwokerto, Indonesia. Level of MMP 14 was measured in maternal serum using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The mean difference was statically analysed by independent samples T-test and ROC curve to determine sensitivity and specificity of MMP 14.Women age, gestational age, parity and body mass index showed a non significant difference between both groups. In this study level MMP 14 in serum was higher in pregnant women with preeclampsia compared to the normotensive ( 266.41 vs 46.80 pg/dl ; p<0.00). Moreover, the area under curve of serum MMP 14 was 0.936, standard error 0.043, p<0.00. The optimal cut-off value of serum MMP at 110.73 pg/dl showed a high diagnostic value in preeclampsia with a sensitivity of 90 % and a specificity of 90%. Maternal serum MMP 14 was higher in preeclampsia and the important finding is the MMP 14 probably become a marker to predict early onset preeclampsia.
The Effects of DRRR Policy on Large versus S&M Sized Banks in China
Authors: Xiaohui Guo , Shusheng Kang
Published: November 2020

This paper employs cointegration test to measure the effects of Differentiated Reserve Requirement Ratio (DRRR) policy on large banks versus Small and Medium (S&M) sized banks from 2009M01 to 2013M10. The results confirm the hypothesis that this DRRR policy promotes the economy growth more in the earthquake-stricken counties and a lower DRRR to some extent alleviate the tightening effects of RRR on the S&M sized banks. Due to the big regional disparity, the PBC can consider expand the use of this DRRR policy to more less developed regions to make a more coordinated regional economic development in China.
Development of Islamic Microfinance Institutions with Social Capital Mechanism: A Case Study on BMT Tumang, Boyolali
Authors: Hadi Nurcahyono Okta , Ghufronudin
Published: November 2020

The increasing public interest in sharia-based (non-ribawi) transaction and finance encourages the growth and development of Tumang Baitul Maal wat Tamwil (BMT) as an alternative sharia-based microfinance institution. This article is the result of research aiming to analyze the role of social capital in the development of Islamic microfinance institutions at the Tumang BMT, Boyolali. This research is a qualitative research with a case study approach. The unit of analysis of this study is that Tumang BMT stakeholders were selected by purposive sampling. The techniques of collecting data used were observation, indepth interviews and documentation. Data validation was carried out using source triangulation, and then data analysis was conducted using an interactive model. The results showed that social capital played a significant role in the growth and development of Tumang BMT’s existence in the community. The theoretical analysis used in this paper was Robert Putnam’s social capital approach. In his book “Making Democracy Work: Civic Traditions in Modern Italy (1993), Putnam defines social capital as the ’features of social organizations, such as networks, norms, and trust that facilitate coordination and co-operation for mutual benefits. The social capital owned by Tumang BMT includes norms based on Islamic principles that are embedded into members and customers. The members and the community’s trust grows through the implementation of principles of corporate good governance (GCG) trust, reflected on the professional service to the community. Reciprocity between BMT and the community could be accomplished through providing financial assistance and sponsorship to various events. Networking (networking) is created through “celengan bumbung’ system, Angkat Telepon Moro (ATM), Membangun Keluarga Utama (MKU), organizing football competitions and scholarship programs.
The Identification of Mangrove Ecosystem Services for Decision Making
Authors: Suharno  , Saraswati Emmy
Published: November 2020

Directly or indirectly, goods and services available in natural ecosystems will contribute to human welfare. The human ability to calculate the economic value of ecosystem goods and services is an important thing to do for integrated environmental decision making, sustainable business practices, and land use planning with its geographical scale, and the level of local-social wisdom. For this reason, a comprehensive review and study are needed by analyzing mangrove ecosystem services. Discussions with in-depth descriptive methods are applied to evaluate mangrove ecosystem services specifically, and focus methods and techniques are used for data analysis, and further to understand their potential and disadvantages.
Mixed-Model Assembly Line Balancing in The Process of Assembling Trimming Area to Minimize Workstation Using RPW-MVM Method
Authors: Ali Yusuf Muhamad , Diah Damayanti Dida , Dwi Astuti Murni
Published: November 2020

The development of an industry that continues to move forward coupled with global competition and openness demands that the company continues to evolve and always make improvements in improving the performance of its production process. XYZ Corp is an automotive company based in Germany that produces premium cars, the car assembly process groove at XYZ Corp is a trimming line, mechanical line and finishing line, XYZ Corp produces A-model, B-model and C-model cars. At this time XYZ Corp not achieving the production target due to the car assembly cycle time on the trimming Line 1 area exceeds the specified takt time. Assembly line balancing is required in the trimming area using Mixed-Model Assembly Line Balancing Problem (MALBP) approach to minimize the number of workstation, in the Trimming area assembly line balancing study using the Ranked Positional Weighted with Moving Target (RPW-MVM) method. Alocation constraint should be added due to machine restrictions that cannot be moved. After assembly line balancing, there was a decrease in the number of workstations to 14 workstations with a line efficiency of 86% and balancing efficiency of 97%.
Network governance in value chain management of traditional fisheries industry
Authors: Choirul Afif Nur , Suwandari Lusi
Published: November 2020

Indonesia is one of the countries having the longest coastlines in the world. However, the productivity in fishing industry less contributes to the Gross Domestic Product (GDP). Besides, fishermen along the coastlines in Indonesia have a relatively very low standard of living. This study aimed to determine the role of network governance in the value chain of traditional fisheries industry on the coastal region of Cilacap, Central Java.This research was an exploratory study with the objective of exploring the concept of network governance in the traditional fisheries along the offshore Nusa Kambangan coast, Cilacap, Central Java. The sampling method used in this study was non-probability sampling with purposive sampling technique. The data collection techniques were observation, interviews, questionnaires, and documentation.The results of this study were expected to be able to get the actual value chain of wild fisheries off the coast of Nusa Kambangan, so that they can provide suggestions on the network governance model in the value chain of the traditional fisheries industry.
Remuneration and Performance
Authors: Ismail Iriani
Published: November 2020

The aim of this study is to explain the role of remuneration in improving the performance of library employees. This study uses the qualitative method which the population is all employees numbering 17 people. Based on interactive analysis methods and ethnographic techniques, its took In-depth interview and observations. Using this analysis, the result showed that the remuneration has an important role in improving employees performance. Some internal and external factors influence it so that optimal performance is obtained. Generally, employees expect that the remuneration has been high to be accepted like as expected. Most employees demands such remuneration to meet their daily needs. External factors also has a strong role so the employees demand high, but not balanced with high performance.
Integrated Mobile Payment Technology for High Speed Financial Literacy in Cooperatives
Authors: Agus Pramuka Bambang , Dian Indira Kusuma Poppy , Sugiarto  , Rabiatul Adawiyah Wiwiek
Published: November 2020

Digital money receives tremendous attention globally, from buyers to sellers, as an alternative form of payment. The passions on this technology enormous and infectious, therefore attracting more followers from large merchant to smaller one including the cooperative. School cooperative serves as a center of economic with a wide range of activities, such as mini market, canteen, to serve the needs of students, teachers, and people in the surrounding area. One of the programs launched by the Central Bank of Indonesia is a financial inclusion to increase the financial literacy of people living in the remote area. In this case, Islamic conventional boarding school cooperative can become influencers in most of the surrounding community to attract people’s interest to adopt the technology. The purpose of this inquiry is to find out factors influencing the adoption of mobile payment and user’s intention and decision to adopt m-payment. Authors proposed an innovative research model based on the theory of technology acceptance model with the innovation characteristics of the diffusion of innovations, perceived security and intention to recommend the technology. The research model has empirically tested at 205 employees Islamic boarding schools across four regions. The independent variables under study include perceived ease of use, perceived usefulness, perceived credibility, subjective norms, and trust while the dependent variables are mobile payment adoption and intention to recommend the technology. The study uses structural equation modeling as a tool for analysis. The result indicated that perceived ease of use, perceived usefulness, and subjective norms have a significant influence on the adoption of mobile payment. The study also confirmed the relevance of users’ intention to recommend mobile payment technology. Thus, future research needs to include social media campaigns and technology adoption studies. For researchers, the result of this study act as a basis for further refinement of personal technology acceptance model. For practitioners, understanding the key constructs is crucial to design, refine, and implement mobile payment services, applications, and products that achieve high consumer acceptance, value, and high rates of positive recommendations in social networks.
M-Payment as Financial Inclusion Strategy in Islamic Boarding School Cooperatives
Authors: APramuka B , Kusuma P D I , Sugiarto
Published: November 2020

Financial inclusion refers to the use of financial services such as electronic money. Digital money receives tremendous attention globally, from buyers to sellers, as an alternative form of payment. The passions on this technology enormous and infectious, therefore attracting more followers from large merchant to smaller one including the cooperative. School cooperative serves as a center of economic with a wide range of activities, such as mini market, canteen, to serve the needs of students, teachers, and people in the surrounding area. One of the programs launched by the Central Bank of Indonesia is a financial inclusion to increase the financial literacy of people living in the remote area. In this case, Islamic conventional boarding school cooperative can become influencers in most of the surrounding community to attract people’s interest to adopt the technology. The purpose of this inquiry is to find out factors influencing the adoption of mobile payment and user’s intention and decision to adopt m-payment. Authors proposed an innovative research model based on the theory of technology acceptance model with the innovation characteristics of the diffusion of innovations, perceived security and intention to recommend the technology. The research model has empirically tested at 205 employees Islamic boarding schools across four regions. The independent variables under study include perceived ease of use, perceived usefulness, perceived credibility, subjective norms, and trust while the dependent variables are mobile payment adoption and intention to recommend the technology. The study uses structural equation modeling as a tool for analysis. The result indicated that perceived ease of use, perceived usefulness, and subjective norms have a significant influence on the adoption of mobile payment. The study also confirmed the relevance of users’ intention to recommend mobile payment technology. Thus, future research needs to include social media campaigns and technology adoption studies. For researchers, the result of this study act as a basis for further refinement of personal technology acceptance model. For practitioners, understanding the key constructs is crucial to design, refine, and implement mobile payment services, applications, and products that achieve high consumer acceptance, value, and high rates of positive recommendations in social networks.
Fostering Trust as a Catalyst for Sustainable Village-Owned State Enterprise
Authors: Srirejeki K , Faturahman A , Supeno S
Published: November 2020

While the obligatory mandate to establish Village-Owned State Enterprise (VOE) is final, the fact that there are still many villages do not have VOE yet, lead us to investigate what hamper its establishment. Using an exploratory case studies to several villages in Banyumas district, Central Java, we found that trust and reliance hold as key roles for the success of the establishment as well as the sustainability of VOE. We argue that by fostering trust and reliance among village government officials, rural communities and village-owned enterprise managers would give positive outcomes. Further, this study also shed light on ways to foster trust. The practical implication of our finding shows that for a village leader who wants to have a successful village owned enterprise needs to be able to trust and rely on VillageOwned State Enterprise managers.
Developing Cooperative Law Culture at Bmt (Baitul Maal Wa Tamwil) to Remove The Rente System in The Traditional Market
Authors: Triana N , Naqiyah
Published: November 2020

This study aims to uncover and build Baitul Maal wa Tamwil (BMT) with the cooperative legal culture to eliminate rent systems in traditional markets. The research questions are: how is the existing condition of BMT legal culture and how to build new construction of cooperative legal culture on BMT. This research uses qualitative type of research, a traditional non-doctrinal legal research, with a socio legal approach. The results showed that the business of borrowing money with a very high interest or the practice of loan sharks until now is still rampant in a number of traditional markets, the practice of loan sharks in the form of Plecit Bank or UcekUcek Bank remains in demand by the public. The existence of Baitul Maal wa Tamwil (BMT) apparently has not been able to play a optimal role in traditional markets. BMT is under the legal umbrella of cooperatives in practice apply to the Bank. such as borrowing money with a high margin, there is still a guarantee, a long process and consider the customer as a banking customer, not as a member, so there is no cultural closeness. For this reason, it is necessary to establish a legal culture in BMT that has a cultural spirit and cooperative spirit, namely mutual cooperation and togetherness, from members to members. all the benefits of the cooperative achieved by the group, can always be felt directly by all members.
Ureteroiliakale Fistel als eine Urologische Notfallsituation
Authors: Kajaia David , Hager Benjamin , Heidorn Timm , Schneider Hans , Weingärtner Karl , Zugor Vahudin
Published: November 2020

Eine ureteroiliakale Fistel stellt eine urologische Notfallsituation mit erheblicher Mortalität dar. In der vorliegenden Arbeit präsentieren wir 2 Fälle einer ureteroiliakale Fistel. Den Goldstandard in der Behandlung dieser Erkrankung stellt heutzutage die minimalinvasive endovaskuläre Therapie dar. Voraussetzung für eine optimale Behandlung ist ein multidisziplinäres Team mit einer raschen Verfügbarkeit von Radiologie, Gefäßchirurgie, Urologie und Anästhesie.
Kindler's Syndrome with Recurrent Neutropenia: Report of Two Cases from Saudi Arabia
Authors: Binamer Yousef , Chisti Muzamil A.
Published: November 2020

Kindler syndrome (KS) is a rare photosensitivity disorder with autosomal recessive mode of inheritance. It is characterized by acral blistering in infancy and childhood, progressive poikiloderma, skin atrophy, abnormal photosensitivity, and gingival fragility. Besides these major features, many minor presentations have also been reported in the literature. We are reporting two cases with atypical features of the syndrome and a new feature of recurrent neutropenia. Whole exome sequencing analysis was done using next-generation sequencing which detected a homozygous loss-of-function (LOF) variant of FERMT1 in both patients. The variant is classified as a pathogenic variant as per the American College of Medical Genetics and Genomics guidelines. Homozygous LOF variants of FERMT1 are a common mechanism of KS and as such confirm the diagnosis of KS in our patients even though the presentation was atypical.
Imaging and Radiomics of Immuno-oncology of Primary and Secondary Gastrointestinal Malignancies
Authors: Uhlig Johannes , Biggemann Lorenz , Sheth Amar , Sharma Rohini
Published: November 2020

In recent years, systemic cancer treatment has been revolutionized with the advent of immunotherapy, which utilizes the body's immune system to target cancer cells and results in unique and novel imaging patterns of cancer response and therapy-associated toxicities. Hyperprogression is defined as a rapid tumor progression after treatment initiation. In contrast, pseudoprogression is defined as a tumor response after an initial increase in tumor burden, or appearance of new tumor lesions, and observed in <10% of patients undergoing PD-1/PD-L1 immunotherapy. Since traditional radiological strategies might not fully capture tumor response of patients receiving immunotherapy, several efforts have been made to better quantify specific immuno-oncological imaging patterns, including immune-related response criteria, immune-related RECIST, immunotherapy RECIST, and modified RECIST. These criteria account for potential pseudoprogression, and thus may prevent preemptive immunotherapy cessation. Immunotherapy is also associated with specific immune-related adverse events, including colitis (8–22% of patients), hypophysitis (8–13%), pneumonitis (<4%), lymphadenopathy (5–7%), hepatitis (1–7%), and pancreatitis (2%). Quantification of imaging studies using radiomic features has shown promising results in immuno-oncology, including prediction of individual patient's treatment response and survival, as well as characterization of tumoral expression of immunotherapy-relevant targets.
Hydrogen-powered aircraft may be getting a lift
Authors: Kramer David
Published: November 2020

Cutting the weight of fuel tanks and continuing advances in fuel-cell technologies are key to making hydrogen competitive in aviation.
Assessment of advance care planning documentation for residents of residential aged care facilities presenting to the emergency department
Authors: Chua Tzy Harn , Foong Jessica Ru-Jia , Tan Ryan Renxin , Rukasha Princess Natsai , Hullick Carolyn
Published: November 2020

ObjectiveThis study assessed the availability and quality of advance care planning (ACP) documentation among older residential aged care facility (RACF) residents who presented to the emergency department (ED). MethodsA prospective review of the medical records of RACF residents aged ≥75 years who presented to the ED from May to June 2018 was conducted. Availability of ACP was determined based on the presence of an ACP document inclusive of an advance care directive (ACD) in the medical record. The quality of ACP documentation was determined based on the presence of nine key components. ResultsIn all, 48.8% of patients presented to the ED with either ACP or an ACD. However, only a mean total of 3.8 (out of 9) ACP components were documented in these documents. ConclusionsJust under half (48.8%) of RACF residents presented to the ED with ACP documentation. There was limited coverage of core ACP components needed to guide clinical decision making. What is known about the topic?RACF residents are in the last years of their life and commonly lack capacity to make decisions regarding health care. Residents are at high risk of dying when acutely unwell in hospital. ACP documentation, when readily available, helps provide appropriate end-of-life care and improves both patient and family satisfaction. What does this paper add?Less than half the residents reporting to the ED from an RACF had ACP documentation available for clinicians. For those who presented to the ED with ACP documentation, most lacked sufficient information needed to provide care in full accordance with the patient’s preferences. What are the implications for practitioners?There is a need to encourage, initiate, actively engage and develop systems for ACP conversations, documentation and availability when acutely unwell for people living in RACFs to provide sufficient information to guide clinical decision making. Without quality ACP, the provision of patient-centred health care may be compromised.
Performance of Angus weaner heifers varying in residual feed intake-feedlot estimated breeding values grazing severely drought-affected pasture
Authors: Alvarenga F. A. P. , Bansi H. , Dobos R. C. , Austin K. L. , Donaldson A. J. , Woodgate R. T. , Greenwood P. L.
Published: November 2020

Context
Beef industry productivity and profitability would be enhanced by improved efficiency at pasture. Our research is evaluating performance at pasture of Angus heifers divergent in estimated breeding values for residual feed intake determined from feedlot data (RFI-f-EBV) under a range of grazing conditions.

Aims
To determine whether Low- and High-RFI-f-EBV cattle differ in their growth response when pasture quality and availability become limiting to performance.

Methods
Eight-month-old heifers (n = 40) weaned at 6 months of age grazed within two replicates of 20, each with 10 low feedlot-efficiency (High-RFI-f-EBV) and 10 high feedlot-efficiency (Low-RFI-f-EBV) heifers. Each replicate grazed each of eight 1.25-ha paddocks comprising severely drought-affected, low-quality (mean dry-matter (DM) digestibility 44.1%, crude protein 7.3% DM, and 6.1 MJ metabolisable energy/kg DM) mixed perennial and annual native temperate grasses at 7-day intervals during repeated 28-day cycles, with Phase 1 with 2834 kg DM/ha and Phase 2 with 1890 kg DM/ha mean starting biomass. Heifers were yard-weighed weekly on nine occasions during the 8-week study.

Key results
During Phase 1 of grazing, the heifers gained 6.2 kg liveweight (LW) and during Phase 2 of grazing they lost 10 kg LW on average. Differences in LW between the RFI-f-EBV groups were not evident at the start or end of the study. However, over the 56 days of study, average daily change in LW calculated from the difference between starting and final LW was higher for Low-RFI-f-EBV heifers than for High-RFI-f-EBV heifers (–33 vs –127 g/day, s.e.m. = 41 g/day, P = 0.026). A similar result was evident when average daily LW change was determined from regression of LW on the day of study (–6 vs –96 g/day, s.e.m. = 41 g/day, P = 0.033). No significant interactions between grazing Phase and RFI-EBV group were evident for the growth responses.

Conclusions
Higher feedlot-efficiency (Low-RFI-f-EBV) weaner heifers maintained LW somewhat better than lower feedlot-efficiency (High-RFI-f-EBV) heifers, as the nutritional availability at pasture became more limiting.

Implications
Low-RFI-f-EBV weaner heifers may be more nutritionally resilient than are High-RFI-f-EBV heifers under drought conditions and, hence, may require less supplementary feed to maintain growth performance.
EURAMET.M.P-K15.1
Authors: Jousten Karl , Bock Thomas , Elkatmis Alper , Kangi Rifat , Phanakulwijit Suwat , Setina Janez
Published: November 2020

In the present comparison, the degrees of equivalence of the measurement standards for vacuum pressures from 3E-4 Pa up to 1 Pa of three NMIs were evaluated by comparison with the measurement standards PTB serving as linking laboratory to the two key comparisons CCM.P-K15 and CCM.P-K4. The three NMIs were IMT, Slovenia, NIMT, Thailand and TUBITAK-UME, Turkey. Two spinning rotor gauges served as transfer standards and showed a very good stability. All NMIs and at all pressures showed equivalence with the key comparison reference values of CCM.P-K15 and CCM.P-K4. Another NMI, CEM, Spain, took part in the comparison, but did not deliver any data.

Main text

To reach the main text of this paper, click on Final Report. Note that this text is that which appears in Appendix B of the BIPM key comparison database kcdb.bipm.org/.

The final report has been peer-reviewed and approved for publication by the CCM, according to the provisions of the CIPM Mutual Recognition Arrangement (CIPM MRA).
Numerical study of the fibre dispersion contribution in the pulse propagation problem
Authors: Ibarra-Villalon H E , Pottiez O , Gómez-Vieyra A , Lauterio-Cruz J P , Bracamontes-Rodriguez Y E
Published: November 2020

This work explains in detail the role of the dispersion contribution provided by a single-mode optical fibre (SMF) in the pulse propagation problem modelled by the nonlinear Schrödinger equation. Firstly, the basics of chromatic dispersion in fibre are presented, including a modified Sellmeier equation for representing the dispersion contribution of the fibre core material (in an illustrative case of fused silica doped with germanium dioxide) that is modified by the waveguide dispersion contribution. At the same time, the contribution of the second-, third- and fourth-order dispersion parameters are illustrated for a SMF. Finally, a numerical analysis of the propagation problem is presented in order to understand the dispersion effects for a sech2 pulse profile, as well as the interplay of its contribution with the nonlinear Kerr effect, which is also involved in the pulse propagation. For a better understanding of the numerical methods applied to develop the propagation problem, we include a guide detailing the stages to follow in the numerical approach, considering how to select the initial parameters as well as the iterative steps of the numerical method.
Influence of superconductivity on the magnetic moment of quantum impurity embedded in BCS superconductor
Authors: Verma Sachin
Published: November 2020

We study the influence of superconductivity on the formation of the localized magnetic moment for a single-level quantum impurity embedded in an s-wave Bardeen–Cooper–Schrieffer (BCS) superconducting medium, modeled by single-impurity Anderson Hamiltonian. We have combined Bogoliubov transformation with Green’s function method within self-consistent Hartree–Fock mean field approximation to analyze the conditions necessary in metal (in the superconducting) for the formation of the magnetic moment at the impurity site for the low-frequency limit |ω| ≪ Δsc as well as for the finite superconducting gap Δsc. We have compared these results with other theoretical results and with the single-level quantum impurity embedded in the normal metallic host. Further, we analyze the spectral density of the quantum impurity embedded in a superconducting host to study the sub-gap states as a function of impurity parameters.
The effect of catalytic copper pretreatments on CVD graphene growth at different stages
Authors: Li Na , Zhang Ru-Jing , Zhen Zhen , Xu Zhen-Hua , Mu Ren-De , He Li-Min
Published: November 2020

The controllable synthesis of high-quality and large-area graphene by chemical vapor deposition (CVD) remains a challenge nowadays. The massive grain boundaries in graphene grown on polycrystalline Cu by CVD significantly reduce its carrier mobility, limiting its application in high-performance electronic devices. Here, we confirm that the synergetic pretreatment of Cu with electropolishing and surface oxidation is a more efficient way to further suppress the graphene nucleation density (GND) and to accelerate the growth rate of the graphene domain by CVD. With increasing the growth time, we found that the increasing amount of GND and growth rate of the graphene domain were both decreasing during the whole CVD process when the Cu surface was not oxidized. By contrast, they kept growing over time when the Cu surface was pre-oxidized, which suggested that the change trends of the effects on the GND and growth rate between the Cu surface morphology and oxygen were opposite in the CVD process. In addition, not only the domain shape, but the number of graphene domain layers were impacted as well, and a large number of irregular ellipse graphene wafers with dendritic multilayer emerged when the Cu surface was oxidized.
Optimal measurement preserving qubit channels
Authors: Kechrimparis Spiros , Bae Joonwoo
Published: November 2020

We consider the problem of discriminating qubit states that are sent over a quantum channel and derive a necessary and sufficient condition for an optimal measurement to be preserved by the channel. We apply the result to the characterization of optimal measurement preserving (OMP) channels for a given qubit ensemble, e.g., a set of two states or a set of multiple qubit states with equal a priori probabilities. Conversely, we also characterize qubit ensembles for which a given channel is OMP, such as unitary and depolarization channels. Finally, we show how the sets of OMP channels for a given ensemble can be constructed.
Narrowband direction-sensitive efficient terahertz emitter
Authors: Hamam R , Sabbah Ali J
Published: November 2020

The spectral and directional control of infrared radiation promises advances in various applications ranging from thermography, to thermophotovoltaic (TPV) energy conversion, to infrared spectroscopy, camouflage, and radiative cooling, etc. In this manuscript, we propose a design concept for an efficient narrowband direction-sensitive mid-infrared absorber/emitter based on the enhanced infrared absorption at the optical phonon frequency of a dielectric material and at the photonic bandgap edge of a photonic crystal composed of it. We demonstrate this design by using realistic material parameters in numerical finite element simulations of Maxwell’s equations, and we indicate how such a design could be adjusted to operate at other mid-infrared frequencies.
Metrological approach of γ-emitting radionuclides identification at low statistics: application of sparse spectral unmixing to scintillation detectors
Authors: André Rémi , Bobin Christophe , Bobin Jérôme , Xu Jiaxin , de Vismes Ott Anne
Published: November 2020

This paper presents a metrological approach of spectral unmixing for automatic identification and quantitative analysis of γ-emitting radionuclides in natural background radiation at low statistics. Based on full-spectrum analysis, the proposed method relies on the maximum likelihood estimation based on Poisson statistics that accounts for the spectral signatures of the γ-emitters to be identified and natural background. In order to obtain robust decision-making at low statistics, a sparsity constraint is implemented along with counting estimation given by spectral unmixing. In contrast with the standard approach, this technique relies on a single decision threshold applied for a likelihood ratio test. Standard deviations on estimated counting are determined using the Fisher information matrix. The robustness of decision-making and counting estimation was investigated by means of Monte Carlo calculations based on experimental spectral signatures of two types of scintillation detectors [NaI(Tl), plastic]. This study demonstrates that sparse spectral unmixing is a reliable method for γ-spectra analysis based on low-level measurements. The sparsity constraint acts as an efficient technique for decision-making in the case of complex mixtures of γ-emitters with significant contribution of natural background. This method also yields unbiased counting estimation related to the identified radionuclides. Reliable assessment of standard deviations are obtained and the Gaussian approximation of the coverage intervals is validated. The proposed method can be applied either by non-expert users for automatic analysis of γ-spectra or to help experts in decision-making in the case of complex mixtures of γ-emitters at low statistics.
Experimental observation of low-frequency magnetohydrodynamic instabilities driven by energetic electrons in low hybrid current drive plasmas
Authors: Yu L.M. , Chen W. , Shi Z.B. , Wang T.B. , Ding X.T. , Ji X.Q. , Ma R.R. , Shi P.W. , Bai X.Y. , Li J.X. , Yuan B.S. , Li Y.G. , Yang Z.C. , Zhang Y.P. , Ma Rui , Song X.M. , Lu B. , Dong J.Q. , Zhong W.L. , Liu Yi , Yan L.W. , Yang Q.W. , Xu M.
Published: November 2020

Energetic electrons driving low-frequency magnetohydrodynamic instabilities, e.g., electron fishbone (eFB) modes and electron beta-induced Alfvén eigenmodes (eBAEs), are found in co- and counter-current drive low hybrid current drive (LHCD) plasma in HL-2A, respectively. The eBAEs are found in LHCD plasma for the first time. Two branches eFB modes are observed in the core of plasma, and they can transit from the high-frequency one to the low-frequency one continuously. The different mode structures and positions are obtained by tomography of soft x-ray arrays. The frequency jump phenomena of eFB modes are also found. Two eBAEs, with poloidal and toroidal mode numbers m/n = 3/1 and 5/2, are found in the edge of the plasma. The single m/n = 3/1 mode is found when the LHCD power (P
LHCD) is 0.44    MW. The strong m/n = 5/2 mode coexists with the weak 3/1 mode when P
LHCD = 0.52   MW. Although the current drive direction of LHCD is opposite to the plasma current, the two eBAEs also propagate in the electron diamagnetic drift direction poloidally, which is the same direction as the eFB modes in co-current drive LHCD plasma. With increasing P
LHCD (or changed current profile), the value of the edge safety factor (q) decreases. The evolutions of the mode numbers of eBAEs may be related to changes in the edge q factors.
Influence of the electromagnetic fields on hadronic observables in proton-induced collisions
Authors: Oliva L. , Moreau P. , Voronyuk V. , Bratkovskaya E.
Published: November 2020

We investigate proton-gold collisions at top RHIC energy

S
N
N

=
200

GeV within the Parton-Hadron-String Dynamics (PHSD) approach, focusing on the influence of the electromagnetic fields on final hadronic observable. We discuss the space-time distribution of the magnetic and electric field components, showing that the electric field Ex along the impact parameter direction is comparable in magnitude to the magnetic field By
perpendicular to the reaction plane. We discuss the effect of these fields on the directed flow υ1
of pions and kaons. While there is no visible effect of electromagnetic fields in 5% central collisions, the result for collisions at fixed impact parameter clearly indicates an electromagnetically-induced splitting in the v1 of positively and negatively charged mesons; the effect, driven by the huge Ex component, is larger for kaons than to pions and increases with the impact parameter of the collision.
Chemical freeze-out conditions from net-kaon fluctuations at RHIC
Authors: Stafford J M
Published: November 2020

We compare the mean-over-variance ratio of the net-kaon distribution calculated within a state-of-the-art hadron resonance gas model to the latest experimental data from the Beam Energy Scan at RHIC by the STAR collaboration. Our analysis indicates that it is not possible to reproduce the experimental results using the freeze-out parameters from the existing combined fit of net-proton and net-electric charge mean-over-variance. The strange mesons need about 10-15 MeV higher temperatures than the light hadrons at the highest collision energies. In view of the ongoing lambda fluctuation measurements, we predict the net-lambda variance-over-mean at the light and strange chemical freeze-out parameters. We observe that the lambda fluctuations are sensitive to the difference in the freeze-out temperatures established in this analysis. Our results have implications for other phenomenological models in the field of relativistic heavy-ion collisions.
Aspects of isentropic trajectories in chiral effective models
Authors: Stiele Rainer , Alberico Wanda Maria , Beraudo Andrea , Pereira Renan Câmara , Costa Pedro , Hansen Hubert , Motta Mario
Published: November 2020

The evolution of the fireball in heavy ion collisions is an isentropic process, meaning that it follows a trajectory of constant entropy per baryon in the phase diagram of the strong interaction. The collective acceleration of the system is determined by the speed of sound, while fluctuations of conserved charges are encoded in quark-number susceptibilities: together, they leave their imprint in final observables. Here, this isentropic evolution will be analysed within chiral effective models that account for both chiral and center symmetry breaking, two central aspects of QCD. Our discussion focusses on the impact on the isentropic trajectories of the treatment of high-momentum modes, of the meson contribution to thermodynamics and of the number of quark flavours.
XYZ states in BESIII
Authors: Yan Liang
Published: November 2020

Since the first XYZ particle X(3872) was observed in 2003, many exotic states have been found by spectroscopy studies in beauty and charm sectors. In this paper, the latest XYZ results obtained by BESIII are reviewed, mainly including X(3872), Y(4260), Y(4660), Zc
(3900) and Zc
(4020). The spin parties of Zc(3900) have been studied. The comparison between different final states in Y states which are helpful to understand the nature of XYZ particles has been done.
Disentangling the influence of taxa, behaviour and debris ingestion on seabird mortality
Authors: Roman Lauren , Hardesty Britta Denise , Hindell Mark A , Wilcox Chris
Published: November 2020

Marine debris is a growing threat to hundreds of marine animal species. To understand the consequences of marine debris to wildlife populations, studies must go beyond reporting the incidence of wildlife and debris interactions and aim to quantify the harm resulting from these interactions. Tubenosed seabirds are globally threatened, with a near universal risk of debris ingestion and an unquantified risk of mortality due to eating plastics. In this paper, we explore the mortality risk narrative due to the acute effects of debris ingestion, and quantify behavioural and ecological factors including age, diet and foraging method. We examined ingested debris loads, types and mortality of 972 adult and immature seabirds across 17 albatross, shearwater and prion species in a global seabird biodiversity hotspot. Though age and foraging method interact to influence the incidence and number of items ingested, age and diet were the most important factors influencing mortality. Mortality is influenced by debris load and type of debris ingested and there is selectivity for items that visually resemble a seabird’s prey. Immature birds that forage on cephalopods are more likely to ingest and die from eating debris than are adults. Conversely, the risk of death to seabirds that forage on crustaceans is linked to the number of plastic items ingested and is higher in adults. Debris ingestion is an under-recognised cause of tubenose mortality and is likely negatively affecting rare and threatened species.
Reconfigurable metasurfaces with mechanical actuations: towards flexible and tunable photonic devices
Authors: Guanxing Zang , Liu Ziji , Deng Wenjun , Zhu Weiming
Published: November 2020

Flexible and tunable devices have, for decades, been the subject of many research areas, including, integrated systems, flexible electronics and photonics, which are calling for advanced properties of materials. Metasurfaces with designable optical properties have now been intensively studied for flexible photonic devices. Enabled by microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) and microfluidic technologies, reconfigurable metasurfaces base on mechanical actuations offer new approaches for flexible and tunable devices. In this view, we introduce metasurfaces based on MEMS actuations, droplets arrays, flexible substrates and microfluidic systems together with their applications on flexible and tunable devices.
Spatiotemporal solitons in dispersion-managed multimode fibers
Authors: Mayteevarunyoo Thawatchai , Malomed Boris A , Skryabin Dmitry V
Published: November 2020

We develop the scheme of dispersion management (DM) for three-dimensional (3D) solitons in a multimode optical fiber. It is modeled by the parabolic confining potential acting in the transverse plane in combination with the cubic self-focusing. The DM map is adopted in the form of alternating segments with anomalous and normal group-velocity dispersion. Previously, temporal DM solitons were studied in detail in single-mode fibers, and some solutions for 2D spatiotemporal ‘light bullets’, stabilized by DM, were found in the model of a planar waveguide. By means of numerical methods, we demonstrate that stability of the 3D spatiotemporal solitons is determined by the usual DM-strength parameter, S: they are quasi-stable at

S
<

S

0

≈
0.93

, and completely stable at

S
>

S

0

. Stable vortex solitons are constructed too. We also consider collisions between the 3D solitons, in both axial and transverse directions. The interactions are quasi-elastic, including periodic collisions between solitons which perform shuttle motion in the transverse plane.