bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Concepciones de docentes sobre su profesión: una aproximación cualitativa al pregrado universitario
Authors: García Suárez Daniel Eduardo
Published: November 2016

Este artículo surge a partir de una investigación realizada en 2012 y 2013 sobre concepciones de los docentes sobre la profesión, el aprendizaje, el desarrollo profesional docente y la investigación en el pregrado de una universidad colombiana reconocida por su alta calidad académica. En este texto se aborda la primera categoría de dicha investigación, que versa sobre las concepciones de los docentes sobre su profesión a partir de un estudio cualitativo en el que se utilizaron entrevistas a trece docentes seleccionados con la ayuda de un informante clave a quien se le proporcionaron perfiles prediseñados. Como resultado se obtuvo la caracterización de los perfiles docentes profesional, investigador y educador, y sus comprensiones sobre el lugar de la docencia en su actividad profesional, así como su auto concepción frente a la docencia, el conflicto de tiempo y la dedicación a la enseñanza.Lo anterior tiene una importancia capital a la hora de entender las razones por las cuales un docente aborda su rol en la Universidad de una determinada manera y cuál es su epistemología docente.
Necesidades de formación del profesor universitario en competencias relacionadas con la acción tutorial
Authors: Aguilar Parra José Manuel , Alias García Antonio , Álvarez Joaquín , Fernández Campoy Juan Miguel , Pérez Gallardo Eloy Rafael , Hernández Rodríguez Antonia Irene
Published: November 2016

El objeto de este estudio es determinar el grado de capacitación del profesorado frente a las competencias que se consideran básicas para el desempeño de la acción tutorial en la universidad. De esta forma se puede valorar cuáles son los puntos fuertes y cuáles son deficitarios para la elaboración de futuros programas de formación del profesorado frente al desempeño de la nueva función tutorial dentro del EEEs.  En esta investigación participaron 279 profesores de tres universidades andaluzas de las diversas facultades o áreas de conocimiento, empleándose para tal selección un muestreo probabilístico, de carácter aleatorio por afijación proporcional en función de los diferentes departamentos que componen cada facultad, enviando el cuestionario a cada uno de los sujetos seleccionados mediante e mail a su correo institucional, recogiendo únicamente los resultados de las personas que accedieron a responder. Los resultados obtenidos permiten aclarar cuáles son las competencias que más poseen los docentes universitarios frente al desempeño de la función tutorial, asimismo, se han extraído qué aspectos son susceptibles de mejora. En función del sexo, edad o universidad de adscripción se encuentran pequeñas diferencias en el nivel de formación en competencias. El profesorado de ciencias de la educación y de la salud son los más capacitados para el desarrollo de las competencias. Se puede llegar a concluir la necesidad de incrementar planes y programas dirigidos a la formación del profesorado con respecto a la función tutorial, una de las principales competencias que el nuevo EEEs otorga a los profesionales de la docencia universitaria. 
EPN Repro2: A reference GNSS tropospheric dataset over Europe
Authors: Pacione Rosa , Araszkiewicz Andrzej , Brockmann Elmar , Dousa Jan
Published: November 2016

Abstract. The present availability of 18+ years of GNSS data belonging to the EUREF Permanent Network (EPN, http://www.epncb.oma.be/) is a valuable database for the development of a climate data record of GNSS tropospheric products over Europe. This data record can be used as a reference for a variety of scientific applications and has a high potential for monitoring trend and variability in atmospheric water vapour, improving the knowledge of climatic trends of atmospheric water vapour and being useful for regional Numerical Weather Prediction (NWP) reanalyses as well as climate model simulations. In the framework of the EPN-Repro2, the second reprocessing campaign of the EPN, five Analysis Centres homogenously reprocessed the EPN network for the period 1996–2014. A huge effort has been made for providing solutions that are the basis for deriving new coordinates, velocities and troposphere parameters for the entire EPN. The individual contributions are then combined in order to provide the official EPN reprocessed products. This paper is focused on the EPN Repro2 tropospheric product. The combined product is described along with its evaluation against radiosonde data and European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF) reanalysis (ERA-Interim) data.
The burying and grazing effects of plateau pika on alpine grassland are small: a pilot study in a semiarid basin on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau
Authors: Yi Shuhua , Chen Jianjun , Qin Yu , Xu Gaowei
Published: November 2016

Abstract. There is considerable controversy about the effects of plateau pika (Ochotona curzoniae, hereafter pika) on alpine grassland on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau (QTP). On the one hand, pika is considered a keystone species. On the other hand, it is being poisoned. Although significant efforts have been made to study the effects of pika at a quadrat scale ( ∼  m2), our knowledge about its distribution and effects at a larger scale is very limited. In this study, we investigated the direct effects, i.e., burying and grazing, of pika by upscaling field sampling at a quadrat scale to a plot scale ( ∼  1000 m2) by aerial photographing. Altogether 168 plots were set on four different types of alpine grassland in a semiarid basin on the QTP. Results showed that (1) the effects of pika pile burying on the reduction of vegetation cover, biomass, soil carbon, and nitrogen were less than 10 %, which was much smaller than the effects of bald patches; and (2) pika consumed 8–21 % of annual net primary production of grassland. We concluded that the direct burying and grazing effects of pika on alpine grassland were minor in this region. The quadcopter is an efficient and economic tool for long-term repeated monitoring over large regions for further understanding the role of pika.
Using ground-penetrating radar, topography and classification of vegetation to model the sediment and active layer thickness in a periglacial lake catchment, western Greenland
Authors: Petrone Johannes , Sohlenius Gustav , Johansson Emma , Lindborg Tobias , Näslund Jens-Ove , Strömgren Mårten , Brydsten Lars
Published: November 2016

Abstract. The geometries of a catchment constitute the basis for distributed physically based numerical modeling of different geoscientific disciplines. In this paper results from ground-penetrating radar (GPR) measurements, in terms of a 3-D model of total sediment thickness and active layer thickness in a periglacial catchment in western Greenland, are presented. Using the topography, the thickness and distribution of sediments are calculated. Vegetation classification and GPR measurements are used to scale active layer thickness from local measurements to catchment-scale models. Annual maximum active layer thickness varies from 0.3 m in wetlands to 2.0 m in barren areas and areas of exposed bedrock. Maximum sediment thickness is estimated to be 12.3 m in the major valleys of the catchment. A method to correlate surface vegetation with active layer thickness is also presented. By using relatively simple methods, such as probing and vegetation classification, it is possible to upscale local point measurements to catchment-scale models, in areas where the upper subsurface is relatively homogeneous. The resulting spatial model of active layer thickness can be used in combination with the sediment model as a geometrical input to further studies of subsurface mass transport and hydrological flow paths in the periglacial catchment through numerical modeling. The data set is available for all users via the PANGAEA database, doi:10.1594/PANGAEA.845258.
Cuerpos ambiguos. Un estudio comparativo del status antropológico y político de las mujeres en las Cartas Pastorales y los Hechos Apócrifos de Pablo y Tecla
Authors: Menéndez-Antuña Luis
Published: November 2016

Los estudios sobre las Cartas Pastorales (1 y 2 Timoteo y Tito) ponen de manifiesto que se trata de escritos compuestos en un contexto polémico. Por un lado, el autor pretende erigirse en legítimo heredero de la tradición paulina frente a otro tipo de teologías con las mismas pretensiones y, por otro, el escrito presenta una doctrina propia con importantes repercusiones para entender los roles de género en los inicios del cristianismo. El presente estudio toma como modelo de análisis la teoría de Mary Douglas acerca de la interrelación entre el cuerpo social y el cuerpo físico para comparar las visiones normativas de género de las Cartas Pastorales (CP) y de los Hechos Apócrifos de Pablo y Tecla (HchPlTe).
Del miqdaš ‘adam de Qumran al templo de luz ismailí (haykal nurani)
Authors: Navajas Espinal Laura
Published: November 2016

El objetivo de este artículo es presentar la concepción de templo de Qumrán (templo escatológico y miqdaš ’adam) como un estadio intermedio entre la visión del Templo en la escatología judía y la interiorización ismailí del “templo de luz”, todo ello en el marco de la concepción de templo como Jardín del Edén basada en la “memoria alternativa” (Elior 2014) suministrada por las tradiciones sacerdotales parabíblicas.
25 anos da web e o marco civil da internet: o livre acesso à informação, a liberdade de expressão e a privacidade.
Authors: Santos Miriam Cristina Fava , Catarino Maria Elisabete
Published: November 2016

Tim Berners-Lee, ao criar as três principais inovações da Web/Internet: HTTP, URLs e o HTML, estabeleceu seu princípio fundamental: todos devem ser capazes de comunicar-se livremente com todos os outros e gratuitamente. A Internet expandiu-se de maneira espantosa. Analisar as iniciativas já realizadas e as perspectivas futuras para a garantia do Livre Acesso à informação, liberdade de expressão e privacidade é oportuno neste momento que a Web completa 25 anos e tem sua primeira Lei sobre a Internet aprovada. A Lei brasileira no 12.965, intitulada de Marco Civil da Internet, estabelece direitos e deveres de usuários e provedores, e traz estas temáticas já apresentadas, sempre atuais e necessárias à Ciência da Informação, para o centro da atenção. A análise das iniciativas para a liberdade de expressão, privacidade e livre acesso de informação na Internet foi o objetivo deste estudo. Como técnica de pesquisa adotou-se uma abordagem qualitativa, utilizando-se de revisão bibliográfica e pesquisa documental. Percebeu-se que a Lei do Marco Civil da Internet do Brasil trouxe avanços, assim como brechas para o controle e vigilância dos cidadãos. Evidenciou-se também que a grande preocupação de Tim Berners-Lee há 25 anos, e as preocupações recentes de especialistas quanto aos 10 anos futuros da Web relacionam-se com o livre acesso à informação, liberdade de expressão e privacidade.
Constant angle spacelike surface in de Sitter space S₁³
Authors: Mert Tugba , Karlıga Baki
Published: November 2016

In this paper; using the angle between unit normal vector field of surfaces and a fixed spacelike axis in R₁⁴, we develop two class of spacelike surface which are called constant timelike angle surfaces with timelike and spacelike axis in de Sitter space S₁³.
Approximate Analytical Solution of a Third-Order IVP arising in Thin Film Flows driven by Surface Tension
Authors: Morlando Fabrizio
Published: November 2016

In this paper, we present a way of applying the so-called He's variational iteration method (VIM) to numerically solve the non linear autonomous third-order ordinary dierential equation (ODE) y''' = y^-2 obtained by considering a traveling wave solution admitted by a lubrication equation modeling a two-dimensional spreading of a thin viscous lm on a inclined slope. Approximate analytical solution is derived and compared to the results obtained from the Adomian decomposition method (ADM) proposed in [20], to the exact analytical solution[7,8], to a fth order Runge-Kutta method (DOPRI), a fourth order Runge-Kutta method (RK4), a three-stage fth order Runge-Kutta method (RKD5) developed in [18]. A very good agreement and accuracy is observed. Comparisons are obtained using symbolic capabilities of Maple 18.0 package.
A non-smooth three critical points theorem for general hemivariational inequality on bounded domains
Authors: Fattahi Fariba
Published: November 2016

In this paper we are concerned with the study of a hemivariationalinequality with nonhomogeneous Neumann boundary condition. Weestablish the existence of at least three solutions of the problem by usingthe nonsmooth three critical points theorem and the principle of symmetriccriticality for Motreanu-Panagiotopoulos type functionals.
Bi unique range sets -a further study
Authors: Banerjee Abhijit , Mallick Sanjay
Published: November 2016

The purpose of the paper is to obtain a new bi-unique range sets, as introducedin [4] with smallest cardinalities ever for derivative of meromorphic functions. Our results will improve all the results in connection to the bi-unique range sets to a large extent. A number of examples have been exhibited to justify our certain claims. At last an open question have been posed for future investigations.
Periods of weed interference in maize crops cultivated in the first and second cycles
Authors: Campos Caio Ferraz de , Barroso Arthur Arrobas Martins , Silva Junior Antonio Carlos da , Gonçalves Clebson Gomes , Martins Dagoberto
Published: November 2016

The interference of weeds in maize production may be reflected in grain yield losses that vary as a function of the density, stage and degree of aggressiveness of the species present. In the agricultural ecosystem, crops and weeds demand light, water, nutrients and space, which are frequently not available in sufficient quantities, leading to competition. The aim of this work was to determine the period of interference of weed plants, in particular of naked crabgrass (Digitaria nuda) on maize crop in the first and second harvest. The treatments were defined as increasing periods of coexistence and increasing control of weed community (7, 14, 21, 28, 35, 42, 49, and 56 days), two more controls, a control including one with weed control until the end of the culture cycle and another with coexistence until the harvest. For each period, were evaluated the stand of maize plants, length of ear, number of grains per row, number of rows per ear, cob, 100-grain weight, and grain productivity. The data obtained were subjected to analysis of variance using the F test, with average treatments compared using Tukey’s test at 5% probability. Crop productivity was evaluated by means of regressions, the critical periods of interference were estimated. The critical timing of weed removal was 25 days for both harvests. The critical weed free period was 54 and 27 days for the first and second harvest respectively. For the conditions of the first and second harvest, the critical period of weed control was of 29 and 2 days respectively.
Effects of water salinity and nitrogen fertilization on the growth and yield of ‘BRS Gabriela’ castor beans
Authors: Santos João Batista dos , Gheyi Hans Raj , Brito Klebson Santos , Xavier Diego Azevedo , Lima Geovani Soares de , Centeno Cruz Ramón Marenco , Silva Manassés Mesquita da
Published: November 2016

The castor bean has attracted the attention of many farmers as an alternative crop for the National Program of Biofuel and its extensive use in the ricinochemical industry. The crop requires large planting areas to meet the demands of the fuel market. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effects of irrigation water salinity and nitrogen fertilization on the growth and production of castor beans, ‘BRS Gabriela’, in a protected environment. The present study was conducted at the Center of Technology and Natural Resources of the Federal University of Campina Grande. The experimental design was completely randomized in a 5 × 4 factorial with three replications and one plant per plot. The treatments consisted of irrigation water with five electrical conductivity (ECw) levels of 0.7, 1.7, 2.7, 3.7, and 4.7 dS m-1 associated with four nitrogen levels of 60, 80, 100, and 120 mg of N kg-1 of soil. The interaction between water salinity and nitrogen rates did not exert significant effects on the variables studied. Increased salinity of irrigation water affected the growth in height and stem diameter of castor beans in all periods, and leaf area from 90 days after sowing. Increased nitrogen levels had a positive effect on leaf area at 60, 90, 120, and 150 days after sowing. The total mass of seeds, one hundred seed mass, yield, and number of fruits per plant decreased with the increase in water salinity, and the total mass of seeds was the most affected variable.
Wheat production performance in response to nitrogen sidedressing and molybdenum leaf application
Authors: Bazzo José Henrique Bizzarri , Fracalossi Felipe Pedote , Zucareli Claudemir , Fonseca Inês Cristina De Batista , Barbosa André Prechlak , Santos Renê José dos
Published: November 2016

The application of nitrogen (N) at the appropriate time can be effective for crop productivity, changing the grain yield by increasing yield components. Thus, new alternatives that enable a better application of N fertilizer are sought. The aim of this study was to evaluate the components of yield and productivity of wheat cultivated with different doses of N sidedressing and molybdenum (Mo) via leaf application, using two cultivars, CD 150 and Quartzo. The experiment was conducted in the crop years of 2013 and 2014. The experiment used a randomized, factorial 4 x 4 block design, with four replicates. Four doses of N sidedressing in the form of urea were applied (0, 30, 60, and 90 kg ha-1) during tillering. In the same period, leaf molybdic fertilizer was applied, using four dosages of Mo in the form of potassium molybdate (0, 20, 40, and 60 g ha-1). Grain number per ear (GNPE), 1,000-grain mass (TGM), hectoliter weight (HW), and grain productivity (PROD) were evaluated. N fertilizer sidedressing did not promote the yield components of either of the wheat cultivars, although the GNPE of the Quartzo cultivar increased with increasing N doses in both crop years. The increase in N fertilizer increased the PROD of both wheat cultivars. The foliar application of Mo did not promote the yield components or wheat PROD of either cultivar. The HW was influenced by N and Mo rates, and was reduced in the absence of either of these fertilizer elements, indicating that the two nutrients were dependent on each other.
Genetic divergence among accessions of cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz) sampled in the Tapajós region, State of Pará, using agronomic characters and microsatellite markers
Authors: Silva Rodrigo De Souza , Moura Elisa Ferreira , Farias Neto João Tomé de , Sousa Nelcimar Reis , Moura Mônika Fecury , Sampaio José Edson
Published: November 2016

The aim of this work was to estimate the genetic divergence among accessions of cassava sampled in the Tapajós region in the State of Pará, Brazil, and conserved at the Regional Germplasm Bank of Eastern Amazon, using agronomic descriptors and molecular markers. Twenty-two accessions of cassava were evaluated in the field for two successive years, based on six agronomic descriptors in twelve-months-old plants without a specific experimental design. Accessions were also evaluated with eleven microsatellite loci in an automatic DNA analyser. Descriptive and multivariate statistical analyses were applied. Based on principal components analysis, the character weight of the aerial portion of the plant contributed most to the phenotypical variation. The six traits were used in the analysis of genetic dissimilarity between accessions, and the correlation between matrices generated by morphological and molecular data was estimated. The matrices of genetic dissimilarity were used in the construction of dendrograms using the UPGMA method. We observed a high variation of agronomical descriptors and molecular markers evaluated, which were capable to separate the accessions into distinct groups. A weak positive correlation was detected among the two matrices of genetic distances, which indicates the possibility to explore the genetic diversity using crossings and accessions Amarelinha 36 and Olho roxo 13 are divergent and potentially promising for the generation of heterotic hybrids.
Adsorption of cadmium and copper in representative soils of Eastern Amazonia, Brazil
Authors: Gonçalves Deyvison Andrey Medrado , Matos Gilson Sergio Bastos de , Fernandes Antonio Rodrigues , Barros Katiane Raquel Mendes , Campinas Danielle do Socorro Nunes , Amarante Cristine Bastos do
Published: November 2016

Studies of heavy metals adsorption in soil play a key role in predicting environmental susceptibility to contamination by toxic elements. The objective of this study was to evaluate cadmium (Cd) and copper (Cu) adsorption in surface and subsurface soil. Samples of six soils: Xanthic Hapludox (XH1 and XH2), Typic Hapludox (TH), Typic Rhodudalf (TR), Typic Fluvaquent (TF), and Amazonian dark earths (ADE) from Eastern Amazonian, Brazil. The soils were selected for chemical, physical and mineralogical characterization and to determine the adsorption by Langmuir and Freundlich isotherms. All soils characterized as kaolinitic, and among them, XH1 and XH2 showed the lowest fertility. The Langmuir and Freundlich isotherms revealed a higher Cu (H curve) than Cd (L curve) adsorption. Parameters of Langmuir and Freundlich isotherms indicate that soils TR, TF and ADE has the greatest capacity and affinity for metal adsorption. Correlation between the curve adsorption parameters and the soil attributes indicates that the pH, CEC, OM and MnO variables had the best influence on metal retention. The Langmuir and Freundlich isotherms satisfactorily described Cu and Cd soil adsorption, where TR, TF and ADE has a lower vulnerability to metal input to the environment. Besides the pH, CEC and OM the MnO had a significant effect on Cu and Cd adsorption in Amazon soils.
Glycerol as a cryoprotectant agent to the entomopathogenic nematodes Heterorhabditis spp. and Steinernema spp.
Authors: Guide Bruna Aparecida , Alves Viviane Sandra , Fernandes Thiago Augusto Paes , Pinhatari Ferreira Fábio , Neves Pedro Manuel Oliveira Janeiro
Published: November 2016

The difficulty of storage and conservation of entomopathogenic nematodes (ENPs) is one of the major obstacles for the expansion of its use in the control of biological pest and in the maintenance of collections of these organisms. The objective of this study was to evaluate cryopreservation as a storage and conservation method for ENPs, using glycerol as cryoprotectant. Infective juveniles (IJs) of the species Heterorhabditis amazonensis (RSC 05), H. bacteriophora (HP88), Steinernema feltiae (Sn) and S. carpocapse (IBCB-n02) were subjected to the following treatments: (A) immersion in glycerol at different concentrations (10, 13 and 15%); (B) different exposure times of the isolates to glycerol (24 and 48 hours); and (C) two freezing times in liquid nitrogen (LN) at –196 ºC (24 and 168 hours). Each treatment was replicated four times, and the design was completely randomized in a factorial 3x2x2 (glycerol concentrations x glycerol exposure time x freezing time in LN). IJs survival was evaluated after each exposure time to glycerol and freezing time in LN. Data were subjected to analysis of variance, and means were compared by the Tukey test. S. feltiae and S. carpocapse survived when exposed to glycerol at 10, 13 and 15% for 24 and 48 hours. After storage in LN for 24 and 168 hours, only S. feltiae survived when exposed to glycerol for 48 hours at concentrations of 10, 13 and 15%, with 40.5; 58.2; and 57.7% survival, respectively. S. feltiae was able to infect Galleria mellonella larvae after freezing. However, for the freezing time of 168 hours, 90% reduction in infectivity was observed.
Spatial distribution of cases of fatal yellowing on organic oil palm plantation
Authors: Silva José Nilton da , Farias Paulo Roberto Silva , Silva Anderson Gonçalves da , Oliveira Fábio Júnior de , Tinôco Ricardo Salles
Published: November 2016

This work studied the spatial dispersion of cases of fatal yellowing (FY) in an oil palm plantation in Acará, Pará State, Brazil. Data were collected monthly from two areas, divided in 16 quadrants each, for a 24 month period (2012-2013). In each quadrant, 138 plants were evaluated. The number of diseased plants was counted in twenty planting lines, and the spatial pattern of the disease was analyzed. The following spatial analysis techniques were used: common sequences of “runs”, “doublets” and quadrants. We also determined the levels of disease aggregation in the sectors. Plants with FY had a spatial distribution aggregated in a lower line number when using the “run” analysis than when using the “doublets” method. Aggregation of FY cases was observed in 30% of the evaluated lines. The quadrant analysis confirmed the existence of case aggregation, with vertical and horizontal distribution. The existence of disease forming foci suggests that FY probably has biotic origin. Additional studies are required to confirm this hypothesis.
Effect of natural and artificial drying of leaf biomassof Psidium guajava on the content and chemical composition of essential oil
Authors: Silva Elizabeth Aparecida Josefi da , Silva Vanessa Paula da , Alves Cassia Cristina Fernandes , Alves José Milton , Souchie Edson Luiz , Barbosa Luiz Cláudio Almeida
Published: November 2016

Psidium guajava L. is native to Central and South America. It is widely distributed and well adapted to Brazil, a producer of essential oils rich in terpenes. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of natural and artificial drying on the content and chemical composition of the essential oil of guava leaves (Psidium guajava L.) grown in Rio Verde (GO). The two treatments consisted of drying fresh leaves either naturally in the shade or artificially at 40°C. Chemical composition was analyzed qualitatively and quantitatively by gas coupled with mass spectrometer chromatography (GC/MS) and gas chromatography using a flame ionizer (GC-FID), respectively. The method of drying changed the content and chemical composition of the essential oil of guava leaves. Drying in the shade reduced the content and altered the constituents of the essential oil, whereas drying in an oven at 40°C, despite having reduced the amounts of the constituents, exhibited the highest essential oil content and increased the concentration of certain major constituents as compared to that in the natural shade drying method. The major components found in the essential oil of leaves regardless of the drying processes were trans-caryophyllene, ?-humulene, aromadendrene, ?-selinene, and selin-11-en-4?-ol. According to reports in the literature, these compounds possess fungicidal, insecticidal, antimicrobial, and anti-inflammatory activity, among others beneficial actions.
Presence of antibodies against Leishmania spp. in domestic dogs from Toledo, Paraná, Brazil
Authors: Ludwig Lucas André , Hernandes Adrieli , Holsbach Vanessa Tharin Krzyonoski , Evers Fernanda , Sammi Ana Sue , Navarro Italmar Teodorico , Garcia João Luis , Zulpo Dauton Luiz
Published: November 2016

Leishmaniases are a group of diseases caused by Leishmania protozoa affecting various vertebrate hosts, including humans and dogs. Dogs represent the most important domestic reservoir of leishmaniasis. For this reason, the aim of this study was to detect the presence of antibodies against Leishmania spp. in dogs being treated at the veterinary hospital of our institution. Samples were obtained from 175 animals by jugular or cephalic venipuncture, and serum was subsequently separated. Anti-Leishmania spp. IgG antibodies were detected in these specimens using indirect immunofluorescence. This revealed that of the 175 serum samples, those of four (2.28%) animals reacted positively and the antibodies title was 40. These data are consistent with the transmission of Leishmania spp. in the region, suggesting that dogs represent a reservoir of American cutaneous leishmaniasis. This is the first description of circulating antibodies against Leishmania spp. in the West region of Paraná State.
Risk factors associated with Bovine Viral Diarrhea Virus (BVDV) infection in the semiarid of the state of Paraíba, in the northeast region of Brazil
Authors: Marques Ana Luisa Alves , Assis Adriana Cunha de Oliveira , Simões Sara Vilar Dantas , Tolentino Mikael Leandro Duarte de Lima , Azevedo Sérgio Santos de
Published: November 2016

Bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV) has become an important viral infectious agent in cows and is considered endemic in many regions. This study aimed to determine the epidemiological status of BVDV in bovine herds in the semiarid state of Paraíba, in northeastern Brazil, by determining the frequency of anti-BVDV antibodies and risk factors associated with the infection. We tested 359 cows from 20 farms. Three had a history of clinically suspected bovine viral diarrhea (BVD) or mucosal disease (MD), whereas the other 17 locations were randomly selected. Detection of anti-BVDV antibodies was performed by indirect ELISA using a commercial kit (IDEXX BVDV p80 Ab Test). Risk factor analysis was performed in two steps, univariate and multivariate analysis. Seven samples were considered suspicious and were excluded from the analysis of seropositive animals. Of 352 animals, 141 (40.1 %; CI 95 % = 34. 9% – 45.2 %) were seropositive. Of the 20 farms analyzed, 19 (95%) had seropositive animals and the frequency of seropositivity per farm varied between 4.5 % and 85.7 %. The risk factors identified were as follows: area ? 120 hectares (OR = 3.06; CI 9 5% = 1.43 – 6.53), high animal density (OR = 3.48; CI 95 % = 1.24-9.79), weaning age ? 60 days (OR = 10.99; CI 95 % = 1.31-91.9), exchange of animals (OR = 4.95; CI 95 % = 2.08-11.8), calf mortality > 5% (OR = 2.33; CI 95 % = 1.07-5.11), and use of natural breeding and artificial insemination (OR = 3.06; CI 95 % = 1.22 – 7.67). It was suggested that to avoid the transmission of BVDV infection in bovine herds in the Sertão of Paraíba, it is important to prevent identified associated risk factors and to perform further studies, identifying persistently infected animals.
Leptospirosis and brucellosis seroepidemiology in sheep and dogs from non-mechanized rural properties in the northwestern region in the state of Paraná
Authors: Oliveira Leila Alves de , Zaniolo Melissa Marchi , Dias Eduardo Herrera , Brandão Hermes Bianki Silva , Rubio Kariny Aparecida Jardim , Ferreira Bruna Paula Martins , Nakamura Aguinaldo Yoshio , Chideroli Roberta Torres , Freitas Julio Cesar de , Gonçalves Daniela Dib
Published: November 2016

Sheep breeding has been important in agribusiness, transforming the Brazilian productive scenario. However, it is still deficient due to the damages caused by infectious diseases. Leptospirosis is a severe disease with global distribution, caused by bacteria from the Leptospira genre affecting both humans and animals. The general infection is unapparent, or its clinical signs, when present, are similar to other infections. Brucellosis is an infectious disease caused by bacteria from the Brucella genre responsible for reproductive disorders in animals, especially ruminants. The purpose of this paper was to seroepidemiological study of Leptospira spp. and Brucella ovis in sheep and dogs from nonmechanized rural properties from the northwestern region in the state of Paraná, Brazil. In order to detect anti-Leptospira antibodies, microscopic agglutination (MAT) was performed. For anti-Brucella antibodies, the agar gel immunodiffusion assay (AGID) was performed. From the total 542 samples from sheep sera analyzed, 11.25% were considered reagent to Leptospira spp. and 18.26% to Brucella ovis. From the 36 dog samples, 25% were reagent to MAT and AGID. From the 32 properties analyzed, 75% were considered positive for leptospirosis and 56.25% for brucellosis. Antibodies against the most probable serovars were Hardjo (34.42%) and Butembo (44.44%) in sheep and dogs, respectively, and the variable exchange of animals among properties was associated to leptospiric infection (p=0.028) in sheep. Leptospirosis and brucellosis are present in the sheep herd and dogs in the rural properties studied, and such result is a warning of the zoonotic importance and the need to establish sanitary programs directed to these animal species.
Nonunion fractures in small animals - A literature review
Authors: Santos Jaqueline França dos , Ferrigno Cássio Ricardo Auada , Dal-Bó Ísis Dos Santos , Caquías Daniela Fabiana Izquierdo
Published: November 2016

Bone nonunion is observed when the healing of a fracture fails and all processes of biologic repair cease. It is a frequent complication during fracture treatment in small animals. Nonunions are classified as viable or nonviable, and most cases result from technical error (e.g., inadequate or inappropriate choice of the type of stabilization), poor vascularization, excessive distance between the fragments, infection, and systemic disease, or local as well as idiopathic factors. The diagnosis is made when there is no radiographic evidence of bone healing. This condition cannot be treated conservatively; rather, nonunions require surgical intervention involving removal of implants (besides exuberant callus removal), proper alignment, and compression of the fracture site. As bone nonunion remains a common problem in clinical practice, the objective of this paper is to review the pathophysiology and methods for treating of the condition.
Morphogenesis of marandu palisade grass closer to or farther from cattle feces varies by season
Authors: Carvalho Rafael Mendonça de , Santos Manoel Eduardo Rozalino , Carvalho Bruno Humberto Rezende , Carvalho Camilla Rodrigues de Almeida , Silveira João Paulo Franco da , Costa Ludiêmilem Keith Parreira da
Published: November 2016

The objective of this study was to evaluate the morphogenic and structural characteristics of the Brachiaria brizantha cv. Marandu Syn. Urochloa brizantha cv. Marandu during the different seasons of the year, in locations closer to or farther from feces deposited by cattle in pastures. The experimental design was in randomized blocks, with four replicates. The following response-variables were calculated: phyllochron (PHYL), leaf appearance rate (LAR), leaf elongation rate (LER), stem elongation rate (SER), leaf senescence rate (LSR), life span of the leaf (LSL), stem length (SL), leaf blade length (LBL), number of dead leaves per tiller (NDLT), and number of living leaves per tiller (NLLT). Farther from the feces, a larger phyllochron period was observed in all seasons. The LSL was greater in winter, especially farther from feces. Closer to feces, higher values were observed for LAR, LER and LBL compared with the sites farther from feces. The SL, SER, and NLLT were lower in the winter compared with the other seasons. In the summer, a greater NDLT value was observed than in the other seasons. The deposition of feces by cattle and the seasons of the year both affect the morphogenesis of B. brizantha cv. Marandu, generating the observed spatial and temporal variability in pasture grass.
Evaluation of grazing beef cows receiving supplements with different protein contents
Authors: Lopes Sidnei Antônio , Paulino Mário Fonseca , Detmann Edenio , Rennó Luciana Navajas , Valente Ériton Egídio Lisboa , Cabral Carla Heloísa Avelino , Carvalho Victor Valério de , Lima Josilaine Aparecida da Costa , Manso Marcos Rocha , Bonfá Hugo Colombarolli
Published: November 2016

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of supplementation with different crude protein contents on the productive performance of grazing beef cows during post-calving. Thirty-six beef cows, with age and average body weight of 5 years and 490±17.9 kg, respectively, were used. The experimental design was completely randomized. The treatments were: control = cows received only mineral mixture ad libitum; supplemented = cows received 1 kg d-1 of supplement containing 80, 200, or 320 g crude protein (CP) kg-1. There was no effect (P ? 0.16) of supplementation on voluntary intake. A linear effect (P < 0.02) of the CP content in the supplements was observed among supplemented cows, only for the CP intake. Supplementation did not affect (P ? 0.20) the total digestibility of organic matter, neutral detergent fiber corrected for ash and protein, and CP. Among supplemented cows, a positive linear effect (P < 0.01) of the CP content in the supplement was observed for the CP digestibility. Intestinal flow of microbial nitrogen compounds and efficiency of synthesis microbial were not affected (P ? 0.18) by treatments. Performance, milk yield and composition were not also affected (P ? 0.11) by treatments. Supplementation did not affect (P ? 0.52) non-esterified fatty acids, urea nitrogen and progesterone serum concentrations. It is concluded that supplementation of grazing beef cows during post-calving does not affect nutritional and productive performance.
New findings on venous thrombogenesis
Authors: Byrnes James , Wolberg Alisa
Published: November 2016

Venous thrombosis (VT) is the third most common cause of cardiovascular death worldwide. Complications from VT and pulmonary embolism are the leading cause of lost disability-adjusted life years. Risks include genetic (e.g., non-O blood group, activated protein C resistance, hyperprothrombinemia) and acquired (e.g., age, surgery, cancer, pregnancy, immobilisation, female hormone use) factors. Pathophysiologic mechanisms that promote VT are incompletely understood, but involve abnormalities in blood coagulability, vessel function, and flow (so-called Virchow’s Triad). Epidemiologic studies of humans, animal models, and biochemical and biophysical investigations have revealed contributions from extrinsic, intrinsic, and common pathways of coagulation, endothelial cells, leukocytes, red blood cells, platelets, cell-derived microvesicles, stasis-induced changes in vascular cells, and blood rheology. Knowledge of these mechanisms may yield new therapeutic targets. Characterisation of mechanisms that mediate VT formation and stability, particularly in aging, are needed to advance understanding of VT.
Impact of Trading Activity on Price Volatility: Case of Tunisian Stock Market
Authors: Chebbi Mohamed Rafaa , Jebnoun Sana Ayachi
Published: November 2016

This paper aims at examining how trading activity impacts price volatility. We propose first to estimate the return volatility following Jones, Kaul and Lipson (1994) and Chan and Fong (2000). Second, we will attempt to detect the best measure of the trading activity that better explains the price volatility.

For this reason, we use a sample of 48 listed firms in the Tunisian Stock Exchange “the BVMT” during the period from 02/01/2015 to 29/05/2015.
Results show the significance of the size of trades beyond that of the number of trades and traded capitals. We rank the stocks into three trade size categories based on their market capitalization in order to examine whether daily price volatility increases more with the number of shares traded in a particular size category than with other size categories. We found a negative relation between trading activity and price volatility for large and medium size firms and a positive relation for the smallest stocks.
Damper with Porous Anisotropic Ring
Authors: Akhverdiev Kamil Samedovich , Mukutadze Aleksandr Murmanovich
Published: November 2016

The solution of a problem of coefficient of damper drive with a double-layer porous ring and squeeze film of lubrication is presented at its combined feed, and also the account of permeability of porous layers. Novelty of the solution is simultaneous introduction in analytical model of variety of variable factors which were considered separately earlier.
The Correlation between the Orbital Volume Ratio and Enophthalmos in Unoperated Blowout Fractures
Authors: Choi Su Hyun , Kang Dong Hee , Gu Ja Hea
Published: November 2016

Background Enophthalmos may not appear immediately after trauma due to periorbital swelling in a blowout fracture, and preoperative measurements of enophthalmos cannot be used as a reliable guideline. It is important to predict the eventual final extent of enophthalmos in order to determine whether to perform surgery, and there have been several attempts to predict the degree of late enophthalmos using preoperative orbital volume. The purpose of this study is to investigate the correlation between the orbital volume ratio (OVR) with final enophthalmos and the palpebral fissure, and to find the OVR that induced 2 mm of enophthalmos in unilateral unoperated blowout fractures.

Methods We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of 38 patients and divided them into 3 groups, determined by the fracture location. The relationships between the OVR and both the degree of enophthalmos and the palpebral fissure ratio (PFR) were assessed and, in particular, the OVR that induced 2 mm of enophthalmos was sought.

Results Enophthalmos increased in proportion to the OVR, and there was a highly significant correlation between the increase in the OVR and the degree of enophthalmos (P<0.05). On the other hand, there was no correlation between OVR and PFR (P>0.05). The OVR that induced 2-mm enophthalmos was 112.18%.

Conclusions The final degree of enophthalmos can be estimated by the preoperative measurement of OVR. Preoperative measurements of OVR can be used as quantitative values to predict the final degree of enophthalmos in pure blowout fractures.
Acquired Palatal Fistula in Patients with Submucous and Incomplete Cleft Palate before Surgery
Authors: Park Ie Hyon , Chung Jee Hyeok , Choi Tae Hyun , Han Jihyeon , Kim Suk Wha
Published: November 2016

It is uncommon for a palatal fistula to be detected in individuals who have not undergone surgery, and only sporadic cases have been reported. It is even more difficult to find cases of acquired palatal fistula in patients with submucous or incomplete cleft palate. Herein, we present 2 rare cases of this phenomenon. Case 1 was a patient with submucous cleft palate who acquired a palatal fistula after suffering from oral candidiasis at the age of 5 months. Case 2 was a patient with incomplete cleft palate who spontaneously, without trauma or infection, presented with a palatal fistula at the age of 9 months.
Establishment and maintenance of heritable chromatin structure during early Drosophila embryogenesis
Authors: Blythe Shelby A , Wieschaus Eric F
Published: November 2016

During embryogenesis, the initial chromatin state is established during a period of rapid proliferative activity. We have measured with 3-min time resolution how heritable patterns of chromatin structure are initially established and maintained during the midblastula transition (MBT). We find that regions of accessibility are established sequentially, where enhancers are opened in advance of promoters and insulators. These open states are stably maintained in highly condensed mitotic chromatin to ensure faithful inheritance of prior accessibility status across cell divisions. The temporal progression of establishment is controlled by the biological timers that control the onset of the MBT. In general, acquisition of promoter accessibility is controlled by the biological timer that measures the nucleo-cytoplasmic (N:C) ratio, whereas timing of enhancer accessibility is regulated independently of the N:C ratio. These different timing classes each associate with binding sites for two transcription factors, GAGA-factor and Zelda, previously implicated in controlling chromatin accessibility at ZGA.
Predictor effect of Locus Of Control (LOC) on self-care activities and metabolic control in individuals with type 2 diabetes
Authors: Büyükkaya Besen Dilek , Günüşen Neslihan , Arda Sürücü Hamdiye , Koşar Cansu
Published: November 2016

Background

Previous studies have examined the role of individuals’ personal characteristics in diabetes management and used the locus of control theory to assess adherence to a diabetes management regimen. These studies have emphasized that having internal locus of control may be a protective factor in diabetes management.

Objective

The purpose of this study is to determine the predictor effect of locus of control on self-care activities and A1c level.

Method

The study is descriptive and relational. Researchers used a Diabetes Self-Care Activities Scale and a Locus of Control Scale to collect data. The study sample consisted of 129 individuals with type 2 diabetes.

Results

The average score of locus of control of individuals with diabetes was 10.26, and the frequency of self-care activities in the past week was 2.9 days. A weak but statistically significant negative relation was found between the locus of control level and self-care activities of individuals with diabetes, which had no effect on A1c. It was determined that locus of control predicts 19% of self-care activities.

Conclusion

According to the study results, having internal locus of control had positive effects on self-care activities. Training and planning activities to improve internal locus of control can improve diabetes management.
A produção científica sobre determinantes sociais e condições de saúde: um estudo bibliométrico
Authors: Miranda Samilly Silva , Santos Lilia Paula De Souza , Araújo Tânia Maria de , Passos-Soares Johelle De Santana , Cruz Simone Seixas da , Gomes-Filho Isaac Suzart
Published: November 2016

Introdução: a relação entre os determinantes sociais, as condições de vida e saúde requer a compreensão dos determinantes
socioeconômicos, culturais e políticos para estabelecer como esses fatores interferem na saúde. Objetivo: o objetivo desta
investigação é descrever e analisar o perfil de estudos produzidos sobre a relação entre determinantes sociais e condições de
saúde. Metodologia: foi realizado estudo bibliométrico através da pesquisa de artigos científicos no período de Dezembro de 2014
a Março de 2015, nas bases de dados online Lilacs, Scopus e Pubmed com inclusão de todos os artigos publicados até o período da
busca, em português, inglês ou espanhol. Resultados: foram encontrados 1.436 artigos, sendo que após análise dos critérios de
exclusão, foram identificados para revisão 238 artigos. A pesquisa evidenciou a predominância de estudos epidemiológicos (63,9%),
de temas sobre morbimortalidade, saúde mental e doenças crônicas e infectocontagiosas. Observou-se que apesar do crescente
interesse de estudos sobre o papel dos determinantes sociais nas condições de saúde das populações, ainda não existe consenso
quanto aos mecanismos para mensurar os determinantes sociais em saúde. Conclusão: os resultados podem servir de subsídios a
outras produções científicas na área da saúde pública. Muitas lacunas ainda precisam ser preenchidas, no sentido de que os estudos
necessitam dar respostas efetivas sobre os problemas de saúde.
Tipificação de ambientes lóticos em macro e meso escalas em Minas Gerais, Brasil
Authors: Melo Márcia Couto , Castro Paulo Tarso Amorim , F. P. P. Freitas Mariana D´Ávila , Cordeiro Pedro Fialho , Ferreira Helena Lúcia Menezes
Published: November 2016

O artigo apresenta a tipificação dos ambientes lóticos no estado de Minas Gerais (macroescala) e nas áreas de contribuição dos reservatórios de Cajuru, Peti e Rio de Pedras (mesoescala), o que permitiu agrupar ambientes fluviais com características hidromorfológicas relativamente homogêneas. Considerando as ecorregiões aquáticas, a tipificação baseou-se na integração de informações do substrato rochoso e do relevo de Minas Gerais, por meio do agrupamento de rochas com respostas semelhantes ao intemperismo e à erosão, assim como pela divisão em classes altimétricas. Como produto dessa integração, obteve-se 21 tipos representados no mapa de tipificação abiótica dos ambientes lóticos do Estado. A tipificação em mesoescala foi baseada, também, nas variáveis: grupos litológicos e classes altimétricas, bem como inclinação do talvegue, padrão do canal e tipo do vale. Foram identificados 24 tipos de ambientes lóticos nas três áreas de contribuição.