bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Paket Program Kullanılarak Gerçekleştirilen Yapısal Analiz Üzerine İrdelemeler
Authors: ÇATAL Hikmet Hüseyin , DİCLE Salih Zafer
Published: January 2024

Yapıların taşıyıcı sistemlerinin tasarımında esas alınan deprem yönetmeliği ve standartların oldukça detaylı olması, dış yükler altında taşıyıcı sistemlerin davranışını gerçeğe daha yakın temsil eden üç boyutlu hesap modelleri kullanılması nedenleri ile taşıyıcı sistemlerin tasarımında, yönetmeliklere göre hazırlanmış paket programların kullanılması neredeyse zorunluluk haline gelmiştir. Taşıyıcı sistemlerin tasarımında paket programların kullanılması, tasarımı gerçekleştiren mühendise hesap kolaylığı sağlamakta ve sistem hesap modelinin kolaylıkla değiştirilerek optimum kesit boyutlarının belirlenmesine olanak sağlamaktadır. Ancak paket program kullanılarak gerçekleştirilen yapısal analizi sırasında, programlara veri girilmek suretiyle teşkil edilen hesap modelinin yapı davranışını doğru temsil etmesi, elde edilecek çıktılarının doğruluğu için oldukça önemlidir. Bu çalışmada, paket program kullanılarak gerçekleştirilen yapısal analizde, hesap modelinin teşkil edilmesinde dikkat edilmesi gereken hususlar irdelenmiştir.
Güneş Enerjili Absorpsiyonlu Soğutma Sisteminde Kolektörde Nanoakışkan Kullanılmasının Sistem Performansına Etkisinin Termodinamik Analizi
Authors: KIRTEPE Erhan
Published: January 2024

Kömür, petrol ve doğal gaz gibi tükenmekte olan fosil kökenli yakıtların çevreye verdiği zararlar dikkate alındığında yenilenebilir ve temiz enerji kaynaklarının kullanımı hayati derecede önem arz etmektedir. Özellikle güneş enerjisinin bol olduğu zamanlarda soğutma ihtiyacı için harcanan enerji dikkate alındığında bu harcanan enerjinin güneş enerjisinden karşılanması önemlidir. Bu çalışmada güneş enerjili absorpsiyonlu soğutma sisteminin (GEASS) teorik analizi yapılmıştır. Sistemin çalışması ve soğutmanın yapılabilmesi için gerekli enerji parabolik oluk tipi kolektör (POTK) vasıtası ile güneş enerjisinden elde edilmektedir. Çalışma kapsamında POTK’de ısı transfer akışkanı olarak kullanılan temel akışkan Syltherm 800’e farklı nanopartiküller eklenmesi (Al2 O3 , CeO2 , CuO, TiO2 ) ile oluşturulan nanoakışkanların kullanılmasının sistem verimlilik değerlerine etkisi incelenmiştir. Yapılan analizler sonucunda POTK’de temel akışkan Syltherm 800 yerine Syltherm 800+CeO 2 nanoakışkanın kullanılması durumunda kolektör veriminde %0,15, GEASS’nin COP değeri ve ekserji veriminde ise %0,13’lük en yüksek artış oranları olduğu belirlenmiştir. Ayrıca POTK’nin ekserji veriminde en yüksek artış oranı %0,08 olarak temel akışkan Syltherm 800 yerine Syltherm 800+Ti02 nanoakışkanının kullanıldığı durumda olduğu hesaplanmıştır.
Determining Deformation and Recovery Characteristics of Woven Fabrics Using A Novel Instrument
Authors: ÜREN Nazlı
Published: January 2024

Deformation and recovery characteristics of fabrics are important factors to be considered when evaluating comfort and formability. In this study, deformation (D), elasticity (E), plasticity (P) and hysteresis (H) properties of nine woven fabrics made of cotton and its blends were measured by Tactile Sensation Analyzer (TSA), and the relations between obtained results and low-stress mechanical properties (compressibility, bending rigidity, extensibility, shear resistance), structural properties (mass per unit area, thread count) and formability were investigated. Parameters which indicate the magnitude of out-of-plane deformation (D and E) were found out to be strongly related to bending, shear and extension properties. Recovery characteristics of fabrics - plasticity and hysteresis - were observed to be highly related to bending length and extensibility recorded under 5 N/m load. Moreover, parameters P and H were noted to be moderatly related to mass per unit area, thread count and resistance to repeated shear deformation. In addition to these findings, formability of cotton blended woven fabrics was detected to be significantly corelated with deformation and elasticity parameters measured by TSA.
The Mechanical and Durability Properties of Cement Mortars with Different Types of Fibers and Chemical Admixtures
Authors: ÇANKAL Dilan , ÖZTÜRK Ali Uğur , KAPLAN Gökhan
Published: January 2024

Improving the mechanical and durability properties of cement-based materials such as concrete is very important. The use of fibers is a good alternative in cement-based materials production. This study investigated workability, some mechanical and durability properties of cement mortar in cooperation with glass and basalt fiber. Basalt and glass fibers were used instead of the aggregate in the mixture as 0.8 and 1% by weight. The compatibility of the polycarboxylate-based water reducer and the modified phosphonate-based water reducer as chemical admixtures in selected ratios and fibers was tested. Experiments were carried out after 7 and 28 days of water cure and the effect of the curing periods were also determined. Flexural strength values of basalt fiber reinforced samples in all sets were found to be more than glass fiber reinforced samples. However, high compressive strength are obtained in glass fiber reinforced samples. Beside the positive results obtained in the mechanical properties, the effects of the fibers in the abrasion and acid resistance (10% hydrochloric acid solution during 30 days) have given positive results.
The Effect of Tapak Liman (Elephantopus scaber L.) Extract on Xa4 Gene Expression in Rice IR64 Infected by Bacterial Leaf Blight (Xanthomonas oryzae)
Authors: ADDY Hardian Susilo , HABİBULLAH Nur , HARDİYANİ Wulan Arum , WAFA Ali
Published: January 2024

Bacterial leaf blight, caused by Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae (Xoo), represents a significant threat to rice (Oryza sativa) production. Induce plant resistance has emerged as a promising control strategy. The extract of Tapak Liman (Elephantopus scaber) has been considered a promising agent due to its antimicrobial properties, with several of its compounds showing its potential as inducers of plant resistance. This study aimed at elucidating the impact of Tapak Liman extract on the expression of resistance Xa4 gene in rice that plays a crucial role in the synthesis mechanism leading to cell wall thickening. To explore this effect, we analyzed Xa4 gene expression using the reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) technique, followed by a semi-quantitative descriptive analysis. Our results demonstrate that the application of Tapak Liman extracts at a concentration of 10 mg/ml significantly upregulates Xa4 gene expression in the IR64 compared with other concentrations, 1 mg/ml or 5 mg/ml. Furthermore, the observed higher expression of the Xa4 gene persists until 5 days after pathogen inoculation, which is also implicated with a less developed lesion on rice leaves by 76% compared with the control.
Large second-order Josephson effect in planar superconductor-semiconductor junctions
Authors: Zhang Po , Zarassi Azarin , Jarjat Lucas , Van de Sande Vince , Pendharkar Mihir , Lee J. S. , Dempsey Connor P. , McFadden Anthony , Harrington Sean David , Dong Jason T. , Wu H. , Chen A. -H. , Hocevar Moïra , Palmstrøm C. J. , Frolov Sergey M.
Published: January 2024

We investigate the current-phase relations of Al/InAs-quantum well planar Josephson junctions fabricated using nanowire shadowing technique. Based on several experiments, we conclude that the junctions exhibit an unusually large second-order Josephson harmonic, the \sin(2\varphi)sin(2φ) term. First, superconducting quantum interference devices (dc-SQUIDs) show half-periodic oscillations, tunable by gate voltages as well as magnetic flux. Second, Josephson junction devices exhibit kinks near half-flux quantum in supercurrent diffraction patterns. Third, half-integer Shapiro steps are present in the junctions. Similar phenomena are observed in Sn/InAs quantum well devices. We perform data fitting to a numerical model with a two-component current phase relation. Analysis including a loop inductance suggests that the sign of the second harmonic term is negative. The microscopic origins of the observed effect remain to be understood. We consider alternative explanations which can account for some but not all of the evidence.
Abraham como metáfora del Otro ser humano en la obra filosófica de Emmanuel Levinas
Authors: Navarro Uribe Uriel
Published: January 2024

Este trabajo tiene como objetivo realizar una reconstrucción teórica sobre la figura de Abraham como categoría central en la constitución de la subjetividad en el pensamiento judío y mostrar cómo se convierte en referente filosófico en la obra levinasiana. Para ello, se indagan las raíces judías de Levinas y de su obra, en la que la figura de Abraham aparece como principio de subjetivación ética en el proceso de constitución del pueblo de la alianza, en contraste con la figura griega de Ulises. Entre los hallazgos de este estudio se encuentra a Abraham como la presencia de un yo que se abre al llamado del Otro, no para absorberlo en su mismidad, sino para constituirse como un ser-para-el-Otro y reconocer el obligatorio cumplimiento de las responsabilidades ineludibles con su existencia. Se describe, además, la metáfora como apertura y salida de sí que lleva al ser humano más allá de sí mismo. El artículo llega a la conclusión de que el pensamiento filosófico de Levinas, centrado principalmente en la ética, ha contribuido significativamente a nuestra comprensión del ser humano como un Otro esencial en las relaciones intersubjetivas. Esta concepción encuentra su fundamento directamente en la tradición judía, en contraposición a la tradición griega que ha estado en la base de gran parte de los desarrollos de la filosofía occidental.
From sacred ritual to theatrical protest: interdisciplinary spectrum of theater studies in Indonesia
Authors: Pramayoza Dede
Published: January 2024

This paper approaches the spectrum of theater studies in Indonesia in an interdisciplinary manner, encompassing both descriptive and normative perspectives. From a descriptive standpoint, the spectrum is shaped by various ways of attributing meaning to theater as an entity. In a normative approach, various disciplines offer perspectives that contribute to creating a spectrum of meaning for theater in relation to the life of Indonesian society. Through a literature review, the research identifies at least three approaches to constructing theater studies in Indonesia: synchronic, diachronic and, combined. These three approaches are drawn from disciplines outside of theater, such as historical, anthropological, and sociological studies. Based on this perspectives, theater studies in Indonesia has moved from viewing theater in its meaning as a form of sacred ritual in the past to theater as symbolic capital today. These interdisciplinary perspective has an influence on the meaning of theater in theater studies itself as a discipline. Theater in Indonesia as a subject of study, therefore, is not only understood as an art that originates from dramatic works, but is more broadly understood as all forms of art that are centered on human action displayed in live performances, including sacred rituals, cultural performances, and theatrical protests.
10 años de Perseitas
Authors: Ruiz Pulgarín Yulieth Estefanía
Published: January 2024

Este volumen es especialmente significativo para Perseitas, ya que con esta publicación la revista celebra su primera década como un proyecto editorial dedicado a la difusión de investigaciones y reflexiones teóricas en los ámbitos de las humanidades, la filosofía y la teología. Y no hay mejor forma de conmemorar estos diez años que con una publicación que, a través de un compendio de reflexiones que abarcan distintas temáticas, campos de estudio y enfoques metodológicos, pone de manifiesto la pluralidad y diversidad que caracteriza a Perseitas.
Employee value proposition: Which factors matter? A Swiss case study on motivational factors
Authors: Bronlet Xavier , Basile Jessica , Basile Roberta , Ferla Nicola
Published: January 2024

Companies are developing strategies to attract and retain talented workforce in an always more effervescent labor market. The ones that relate to attracting talents are usually referred to as employer branding, and the ones related to retaining talents are usually referred to as employee value propositions. This study aims to investigate the motivational factors in the employee value proposition model and suggest an extension of the common models. A questionnaire was elaborated to check the validity of the hypothetical model. The sample includes a large Swiss financial institution that decided to remain anonymous. 517 employees have provided valid observations; the multivariate analysis conducted under the lenses of structural equation modeling confirms the validity of the hypothetical model. In particular, the study illustrates that extrinsic (salary, benefits, career) and intrinsic (work environment, work purpose, and job strain) motivational factors must be considered in the employee value proposition model. The intrinsic motivational factors contribute slightly more than the extrinsic motivational factors; the salary factor contributes the most among the extrinsic motivation variables, and the working environment factor contributes the most among the intrinsic motivation variables. The elaborated model has practical application for corporations who want to govern their employee value proposition and align their employer branding identity. It extends the theoretical foundations to support further research in this domain.
Adaptive Radiation as an Autotuning Strategy for Genetic Algorithms on Dynamic Problems
Authors: Costa Heictor , Oliveira Roberto
Published: January 2024

As optimization processes have become more complex for embracing problems of different characteristics, it is necessary to have multiple adequate algorithms to tackle each of such problems. Bio-inspired evolutionary algorithms are suitable solutions for these situations, but they require re-tuning when working with different systems. Autotuning is a popular strategy to increase the adaptability of optimization algorithms. Adaptive Radiation (AR) is a phenomenon in nature that optimizes a population by diversity increase and niche specialization through intense mutation. This research aimed to insert this effect into the Genetic Algorithm (GA) workflow as a biological-inspired autotuning method, creating a new model called Genetic Algorithm with Adaptive Radiation (GAAR). The implementation of the AR component resulted in consistent and improved results on multiple benchmark functions from the CEC2019 challenge. The GAAR only changes the value of the AR component, which is enough to make this model achieve the best results in 57% of the tests and the worst results in 0% of the tests, while the Adaptive Particle Swarm Optimization (APSO) presented 39% and 12% of the best and worst results, respectively.
Uma Função Objetivo para o Problema de Otimização do Projeto de Quantizadores Vetoriais Robustos
Authors: Santana Wesley , Lopes Waslon Terllizzie , Bernardino Junior Francisco Madeiro
Published: January 2024

A Quantização Vetorial Robusta (QVR) é um problema de otimização de natureza combinatorial, o qual envolve a atribuição de índices aos vetores-código do dicionário. No processo de otimização da QVR, a função objetivo utilizada é o índice de desordem do dicionário, o qual deve ser minimizado. Neste trabalho, foi proposta e avaliada a utilização de uma função de densidade de probabilidade dos vetores-código para ponderar no calculo do índice de desordem. Para a tarefa de otimização dos dicionários foram utilizados os algoritmos Busca por Cardume (FSS Fish School Search), Otimização por Enxame de partícula (PSO Particle Swarm Optmization), Simulated Annealing (SA) e o Algoritmo Genetico (GA Genetic Algorithm). Os resultados de simulação da transmissão de imagens por Canal Binário Simétrico (BSC Binary Symmetric Channel) mostram que a consideração do índice de desordem proposto, como função objetivo, leva a um melhor desempenho comparado a quando não utilizado, para todos os algoritmos de otimização usados neste trabalho.
Metropolis Aşağı Hamam - Palaestra ve Balneum Kazılarına Ait Pencere Camı Örneklerinde Arkeometrik Analizler
Authors: AKYOL Ali Akın , AKKUŞ KOÇAK Emine
Published: January 2024

Camın üretimi ve kullanımı antik çağlardan itibaren gerçekleşse de yapı malzemesi olarak kullanımı ancak Roma dönemine denk düşmektedir. Dönemin pencere olarak kullanılan açıklıkların cam levhalar kullanılarak kapatılmasına M.S. 1. yüzyılda ilk defa rastlanmaktadır. Roma İmparatorluk Dönemi’nde pencere camının yoğunlukla hamam yapılarının sıcak odaları olan caldarium’larda ve dönemin konutlarında kullanıldığı bilinmektedir. Bu çalışmada, Metropolis Aşağı Hamam Palaestra ve balneum kazılarından ele geçen Geç Roma dönemine ait pencere camı örnekleri arkeometrik yönden incelenmiştir. Örnekler öncelikle kataloglanıp fotoğraflanarak belgelendikten sonra mikroskop altında incelenerek fiziksel özellikleri ve üretim teknolojileri belirlenmeye çalışılmıştır. Camların kimyasal yapısı Polarize Enerji Dağılımlı X-Işını Floresans Spektroskopisi (PED-XRF) analizi ile belirlenmiştir. Analiz sonucunda camların, döneminin en fazla örneğini oluşturan soda/kireç camı türünde olduğu anlaşılmıştır. Örneklerin yüksek SiO2 içerikleri, camların hem mekanik direnç ve dayanıklılığın hem de ergime sıcaklığının yüksek oluşuna işaret etmektedir. Aşağı Hamam-Palaestra yapısının pencere camları silindir üfleme iken balneum’da tespit edilenler döküm tekniğinde üretilmiştir. Yüksek orandaki K2O içeriği ile camlara bitki külünün eklenmiş olduğu anlaşılmıştır. Cam örneklerde renk veren elementler Fe, Mn, Cu ve Pb’dir. Ayrıca renksizleştirici olarak Sb’nin de örneklerin çoğunluğunun yapısına eklendiği görülmüştür. Camların yapımında safsızlık olarak camın yapısına taşınan hammaddelerden biri olan Al2O3 oranlarının örneklerde benzerliği, kullanılan kum ve/veya kuvarsın (SiO2) aynı kaynaktan geldiğine işaret etmektedir. Örneklerin Sr ve Zr içeriklerinin ışığında, örnek setine ait camların tümünün üretiminde çoğunlukla denizel kökenli kum kaynağının kullanıldığını söylemek mümkündür.
Cumhuriyet Dönemi Şair ve Yazarlarının Okul İsimlerinde Kullanılmasına Yönelik Bir İnceleme
Authors: KEMİKSİZ Ömer
Published: January 2024

Bu araştırmanın amacı Türkiye’deki okul isimlerinde Cumhuriyet dönemi şair ve yazarlarının kullanım sıklığını tespit etmektir. Betimsel tarama modeliyle gerçekleştirilen araştırmanın veri setini 81 ilde Millî Eğitim Bakanlığına bağlı resmî kurum statüsündeki ilkokullar, ortaokullar ve liseler oluşturmaktadır. Bu eğitim kurumlarından Cumhuriyet döneminde yaşamış/eser vermiş 69 farklı şair ve/veya yazarın isimlerini taşıyan 957 okul, içerik analizi tekniğiyle incelenmiştir. Araştırmada elde edilen bulgulara göre şair ve yazar adı taşıyan okul sayılarının coğrafi bölgelere göre dağılımında “Marmara Bölgesi” (f=255), “İç Anadolu Bölgesi” (f=155), “Güneydoğu Anadolu Bölgesi” (f=137) ve “Doğu Anadolu Bölgesi” (f=132) ilk sıralarda yer alırken şehirlere göre dağılımda İstanbul (f=148), Ankara (f=52), Diyarbakır (f=32), Van (f=30), Konya (f=27), Kocaeli (f=26), Bursa (f=25) ve İzmir (f=25) öne çıkmıştır. Şair ve yazar ismine sahip okulların öğrenim kademesine göre sıralaması ise ortaokul (f=379), ilkokul (f=359) ve lise (f=219) şeklinde gerçekleşmiştir. Edebiyatçıların ölüm tarihleri ölçüt alınarak yapılan dört ayrı dönem değerlendirmesine göre 1950-1974, 1975-1999 ve 2000-2023 dönemlerindeki on sekizer; 1923-1949 dönemindeki 15 yazarın okul isimlerinde tercih edildiği belirlenmiştir. Mehmet Akif Ersoy (f=459), Necip Fazıl Kısakürek (f=96), Ziya Gökalp f=48), Yahya Kemal Beyatlı (f=41), Mehmet Akif İnan (f=36), Cahit Zarifoğlu (f=33), Cemil Meriç (f=30), Arif Nihat Asya (f=24) ve Sezai Karakoç (f=22) da okullara isimleri en çok verilen edebiyatçılar olarak tespit edilmiştir.
NATIONAL AND PERSONAL TRAUMAS IN PAUL AUSTER’S MAN IN THE DARK
Authors: BOYLU Olena
Published: January 2024

Paul Auster, one of the most distinguished contemporary American writers, creates a multi-layered narrative within his novel Man in the Dark. Published in 2008, this literary work addresses essential themes and concerns relating to American history as well as social and political agendas of the late twentieth and early twenty-first century. Precisely the events of September 11, which dramatically added a new dimension to the trauma studies, lie in the core of the Auster’s narrative. The author besides focusing on the effects of a traumatic experience on a human being, creates an alternative vision of history that pushes the reader to question the essence of existence. By merging countless narratives, both personal and national, the author initiates a journey of healing for his characters, ultimately guiding them toward recovery. Thus, one of the major focuses of this article will be to follow the evolution of traumatized personalities within the frames of current trauma studies. On the other hand, investigating the subtle bond between national and personal traumas will illuminate the reciprocal relationship between collective memory and individual experience, shedding light on the profound ways in which historical events can shape personal narratives. Hence the article seeks to disentangle the intricate connections between history, memory, and healing, offering a comprehensive exploration of Auster's contribution to the understanding of the human predicament.
Düyûn-ı Umûmiyye İdaresi Genel Sekreteri Fransız Gezgin Vital Cuinet’nin Gözüyle Urfa Sancağı (1890)
Authors: DAĞ Mustafa
Published: January 2024

Osmanlı İmparatorluğu’nun 1854 yılında başlatmış olduğu dış borçlanma serüveni 1881 yılında Düyûn-ı Umûmiyye İdaresi’nin kurulmasına neden olmuştu. Alacaklı devletlerin kurmuş olduğu bu idarenin genel sekreterlik görevi 1880-1892 yılları arasında Vital Cuinet tarafından icra edilmişti. Vital Cuinet, görevi başındayken Anadolu’nun belirli bölgelerini gezerek Osmanlı İmparatorluğu’nun idari, mali, ekonomik, coğrafi ve demografik yapısı hakkında notlar tutmuştu. Bu notlardan hareketle Osmanlı yönetimine verilen borçların tahsil edilip edilemeyeceği sorusuna cevap aranmıştı. Yapmış olduğu araştırma ve izlenimler sonucunda toplamış olduğu verileri görevinin resmî olarak sona ermesinden sonra Paris’e giderek 1892 yılında bir kitap hâline getirmişti. La Turque D’Asie, Géographie Administrative Statistique Descritive et Raisonnée De L’asie-Mineure adıyla basılan bu eser dört ciltten oluşmaktadır. 1890 yılında Urfa sancağını ziyaret eden gezginin bölgeyle ilgili izlenimleri ikinci ciltte yer almaktadır. Bu çalışma, Cuinet’nin tutmuş olduğu kayıtlar esas alınarak XIX. yüzyıl sonlarında Urfa’nın idari, mali, ekonomik, coğrafi ve demografik yapısının ortaya çıkarılması amacıyla hazırlanmıştır. Bu amaç çerçevesinde ana kaynak olarak Vital Cuinet’nin eserinin yanı sıra vilayet salnameleri, arşiv belgeleri ve araştırma-inceleme eserlerden de istifade edilmiştir. Bu doğrultuda yapılan araştırma neticesinde Vital Cuinet’nin eserinde, Urfa sancağının idari yapısı, mali durumu, ekonomik yapısı, coğrafi konumu ve demografik yapısı hakkında ayrıntılı bilgilere yer verdiği görülmüştür.
Distribución espacial de estadios larvales de Penaeidea en Bahía Blanca , Argentina
Authors: Cervellini Patricia , Mallo Juan
Published: January 2024

El objetivo del presente estudio fue conocer la distribución espacial que manifiestan los estadios larvales de los camarones Pleoticus muelleri (Bate, 1988), Artemesia longinaris Bate, 1988, y Peisos petrunkevitchi Burkenroad, 1945, en Bahía Blanca. Se compararon muestras de plancton de verano de 9 estaciones de muestreo correspondiendo 3 de ellas a la zona intema y 6 a la zona externa, de las 6,3 correspondieron al sector localizado frente a Pehuen Có y 3 al área ubicada frente al balneario Monte Hermoso (39° 00'S - 61° 16'W). Las larvas se capturaron mediante arrastres de red de plancton de 300|im y 500gm. En la zona interna de la bahía no se registraron estadios larvales de Decápoda. Las 3 especies estudiadas presentaron una distribución espacial similar en los 2 sectores de la zona externa; sin embargo, las mayores abundancias correspondieron a la zona frente a Pehuen Có. El estadio de protozoea fue el predominante pero no fueron halladas postlarvas de Artemesia longinaris y Pleoticus muelleri. El camaroncito Peisos petrunkevitchi fue el más abundante en el área tanto en estado larval como postlarval, comportándose como una especie costera pero no estuarial. Las otras 2 especies también limitaron su distribución a la zona externa; característica ésta que las diferencian del resto de los peneidos tropicales y subtropicales que utilizan las aguas estuariales como "viveros".
Evaluación del recurso Merluza común (Merluccius gayi) de la zona Centro-Sur de Chile por análisis de reducción de stock.EVALUACION DEL RECURSO MERLUZA COMUN (MERLUCCIUS GAYO DE LA ZONA CENTRO-SUR DE CHILE POR ANALISIS DE REDUCCION DE STOCK
Authors: Cubillos Luis , Arancibia Hugo
Published: January 2024

Se realiza una evaluación del stock de merluza común (Merluccius gayi Guichenot, 1848) explotado en la zona centro-sur de Chile (30°S-40°-S), mediante el método Análisis de Reducción deStock (ARS) en el período 1940-1991, con el objeto de estimar la captura máxima equilibrada (CME) en función de la tasa de mortalidad por pesca. Los resultados indican que la CME alcanza a 78 mil toneladas a una tasa de mortalidad por pesca óptima de 0,70 año1. La evaluación de merluza común por el ARS concuerda con aquélla obtenida por otros métodos de evaluación, apreciándose una recuperación de la biomasa del recurso durante la década de los ochenta.
Crecimiento de ejemplares postmetamórficos y juveniles de Concholepas concholepas (BRUGUIERE) en condiciones de laboratorio. Efecto de densidad, dieta y temperatura,
Authors: Méndez Marcos A. , Cancino Juan M.
Published: January 2024

Se estudiaron los efectos de la densidad (número de ejemplares por acuario), del volumen de agua del recipiente, de la dieta y la temperatura en el crecimiento de ejemplares postmetamórficos y juveniles de Concholepas concholepas en condiciones de laboratorio. El efecto de la densidad fue estudiado entre marzo y junio de 1990 en 80 juveniles entre 6 y 12 mm de longitud peristomal, mantenidos a tres densidades (0,005; 0,010 y 0,020 "locos" cm'2). El efecto del volumen fue estudiado utilizando 20 animales entre 5 y 9,8 mm de longitud peristomal, mantenidos individualmente en recipientes de distinto tamaño (0,3 a 2,0  1). El efecto de la dieta en el crecimiento fue estudiado en 35 ejemplares de C. concholepas entre 6 y 12 mm de longitud peristomal alimentados con dietas monoespecíficas y mixtas de tres tipos de presas (Semimytilus algosus, Perumytilus purpuratus y Balanus laevis). El efecto de la temperatura en el crecimiento y en el balance energético fue investigado usando ejemplares recién metamorfoseados obtenidos a partir de larvas competentes recolectadas del plancton yen individuos postmetamórficos (2 a 3 mm) recolectados del intermareal. Individuos de cada grupo fueron mantenidos por 22 semanas a 10°C y a 20°C. Se evaluó el consumo de presas, las tasas metabólicas aclimatadas, la eficiencia de conversión bruta (K.1) y el crecimiento a ambas temperaturas.
Microestructura del ovario y ovogénesis en Galaxias maculatus (JENYNS, 1842) (TELEOSTEI: GALAXIIDAE)
Authors: Peredo Santiago , Sobarzo Cristián
Published: January 2024

Se hace una descripción histológica de ovarios de especímenes adultos de Galaxias maculatus capturados estacionalmente en el río Cautín, en el período junio 1987-mayo 1988. Se describe la organización microanatómica de los ovarios y se proponen ocho estadios de maduración para los ovocitos, de acuerdo a su forma, tamaño, características estructurales y afinidad tintorial. Se describen además, estructuras post-desove. Los resultados muestran que los ovarios son órganos alargados y pares ubicados a ambos lados del tracto digestivo, envueltos por una delgada albugínea. Se distinguen delgados pliegues conectivos que envuelven a los ovocitos en desarrollo en el antro ovárico. No existen oviductos, correspondiendo el ovario al tipo denominado gimnoario. La maduración es asincrónica y los ovarios sufren cambios estacionales en tamaño y coloración.
Efecto del tamaño de malla sobre el crecimiento y sobrevivencia del Mejillón (Mytilus platensis D'ORB.) en cultivos con encordados franceses.
Authors: Zaixso Héctor E. , Lizarralde Zulma I.
Published: January 2024

Se ha estudiado el efecto del tamaño de la abertura de malla del tubo de red extemo sobre el crecimiento y la supervivencia de individuos del mejillón (Mytilus platensis d'Orb.) cultivados en encordados franceses. El estudio fue llevado a cabo en el golfo Nuevo (42° 46' S, 65° 02' W), Chubut, Argentina. Se utilizaron dos grupos de talla: cría (largo medio x= 24,0 mm) y engorde ( x= 45,9 mm) y tres tamaños de abertura de malla para el tubo de red externo de los encordados (44,1 mm, 54,7 mm y 79,0 mm). Los resultados indican que en los encordados de cría las diferentes aberturas de malla utilizadas no afectan en forma diferencial al crecimiento de los individuos. En los encordados de cría las proporciones de individuos de bajo crecimiento y de animales retenidos son semejantes para todas las aberturas de malla utilizadas. En el encordado de engorde correspondiente a la malla de abertura más pequeña en cambio, el largo final medio, ajustado por la covariable largo inicial, es significativamente inferior al obtenido en los encordados de abertura de malla media y mayor, los cuales no difieren a este respecto entre sí. Este resultado es probable que se encuentre relacionado tanto con la mayor proporción de desprendimientos de animales en los encordados con redes de mayor tamaño, como con la mayor proporción de individuos con crecimiento bajo o nulo que se hallan en los encordados de engorde con menor abertura de malla.
Aspectos reproductivos de la Jaiba Mora, Homalaspis plana (MILNE-EDWARDS, 1834) (CRUSTACEA: BRACHYURA: XANTHIDAE) en el seno de Reloncaví, Chile.
Authors: Carvacho Alberto , Tapia Robinson , Vidal Carlos
Published: January 2024

Entre marzo de 1989 y diciembre de 1991 se recolectaron 419 ejemplares juveniles y adultos de la jaiba mora Homalaspis plana. La proporción sexual de 2,8 hembras por macho sugiere un sistema de apareamiento poligínico. Se mantuvo un número variable de ejemplares en cautiverio, donde se observó que el apareamiento ocurre en verano. La pareja se establece con la hembra blanda, pero la cópula se realiza días después, cuando el tegumento del caparazón está completamente duro. La gónada del macho madura a fines de invierno con el alza de la temperatura del agua de mar y la de la hembra lo hace en verano, luego de la fecundación, reteniendo los espermatóforos en grandes espermatecas, cuyo volumen decrece a medida que la gónada se desarrolla. Las hembras se encuentran ovígeras entre junio y septiembre y la talla mínima de primera madurez es de 80 mm de ancho de caparazón. La fecundidad varía entre 180.000 y 700.000 huevos. El desarrollo larvario se lleva a cabo en primavera entre octubre y enero.
Variación estacional de la concentración de Cd, Zn Y Pb en sedimentos superficiales de la bahía Concepción, Chile.
Authors: Hernández Sergio , Fernández Eduardo
Published: January 2024

En este trabajo se determinan las variaciones de las concentraciones totales de Zn, Cd y Pb en los sedimentos superficiales y aguas de fondo de una concesión marina destinada al cultivo de Aulacomya ater (Molina), ubicada en la Bahía Concepción, Chile, en sus períodos de circulación estuanna y de surgencia. Las concentraciones de metales fueron medidas en los sedimentos por espect rofotometna de absorción atómica, y por voltametría de redisolución anódica en las aguas de fondo. Los valores más altos de los contenidos metálicos en las matrices estudiadas, se encontraron en el período de surgencia. En todas las muestras la concentración de Zn resultó superior, seguida de la de Pb. De acuerdo al factor de modificación calculado (metal en surgencia/ metal en circulación estuarina), el Cd es el metal que en mayor medida se ve afectado por la dinámica estacional de la Bahía.
Alimentación de una especie poco conocida, Brama australis VALENCIENNES, 1836 (PISCES: BRAMIDAE) en la costa Centro-Sur de Chile.
Authors: Muñoz Gabriela , Cortés Nelson , Arriaza Misael , Otarzún Ciro
Published: January 2024

La "reineta" o "palometa del sur" Brama australis Valenciennes 1836, es un pez de hábitos mesopelágicos que se distribuye en el Pacífico Suroriental aparentemente dentro de los límites de circulación de las masas de aguas subtropicales. A pesar del creciente interés pesquero por esta especie, existen pocos antecedentes sobre aspectos básicos de su biología y ecología. En el presente trabajo se estudia la dieta de 191 ejemplares, provenientes de la zona de pesca comprendida entre Constitución (35°20'S) y Puerto Saavedra (38"48'S), Chile, durante el invierno y primavera de 1993, y primavera de 1994. El espectro trófico de B. australis se analizó cuali y cuantitativamente en cuanto a variaciones con la talla, el sexo y los meses de muestreo. No se encontró diferencias significativas en el contenido gástrico para las variables consideradas. Se determinó que la reineta posee un reducido espectro trófico en el área de estudio, ya que se alimenta casi exclusivamente de eufáusidos (%IIR=99,23), mientras que los cefalópodos y pequeños peces fueron presas ocasionales. La dieta de B. australis es muy similar a la de especies congenéricas. Es posible que el alto consumo de eufáusidos por B. australis se deba a la gran abundancia de estos crustáceos frente a la costa chilena, más que a una selección o preferencia por este ítem.
Photodynamic Therapy as a Desirable Approach in the Treatment of
Colorectal Cancer, with Special Focus on Photodynamic Nanotherapeutics
in Immunotherapy
Authors: Mollazadeh Samaneh , Mehrabadi Shima , Hassanian Seyed Mahdi , Ghayour-Mobarhan Majid , Ferns Gordon A , Khazaei Majid , Avan Amir
Published: January 2024

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most prevalent malignancies worldwide;
however, there is not a convincing treatment for this disease. Limitations of conventional
CRC therapies force scientists to develop novel treatment concepts for both
primary care alongside adjuvant therapy. Photodynamic therapy (PDT) has been introduced
as a promising therapeutic procedure for CRC mediated through theranostic principle
in which special dyes, photosensitizers (PSs), are excited by near-infrared (NIR)
and visible light. Recent studies showed that PDT has synergistic effects in combination
with chemotherapy or immunotherapy in the treatment of CRC patients. Of note, nanoformulation
of PS or immunotherapeutic agents could augment the PDT effectiveness.
In this review, we summarize PDT application in CRC management with a special focus
on the nanoparticles-based delivery system from the perspective of targeting deeper
CRC and increased PDT efficiency, which could provide a desirable approach for clinical
translation.
Association between Postmenopausal Osteoporosis and IL-6、TNF-α: A
Systematic Review and A Meta-analysis
Authors: Huang Xudong , Ni Baihe , Li Qi , Liu Meichen , Zhao Minghua , Zhang Yanqi , Shi Xiaolin , Wang Weiguo
Published: January 2024

Background:

Postmenopausal osteoporosis (PMOP) greatly increases the risk of bone
fracture in postmenopausal women, seriously affects the quality of life of patients, and is an important global public health problem. Persistent chronic systemic inflammation may be involved
in the change process of PMOP, and many cytokines, such as TNF-alpha and Interleukin-6, play
an important role in the inflammatory response. Therefore, This study takes commonly representative inflammatory factors as indicators to better determine their role in PMOP patients by
means of databases from multiple studies for use in Meta-analysis.

Method:

Systematic review of studies on the relationship between PMOP and markers of inflammation: interleukin-6 (IL-6) and tumour necrosis factor-α (TNF-α). Each effect size was
expressed with a 95% confidence interval (CI), and I2 quantified the heterogeneity. The final
results were aggregated and evaluated using random or fixed effects models.

Results:

Twenty-one original studies were identified. There were twenty studies involving IL-6
and eleven involving TNF-α. Overall, The levels of IL-6[MD=23.93, 95%CI (19.65, 28.21)] and
TNF-α[MD=2.9, 95%CI (2.37, 3.44)] were increased in PMOP patients compared with postmenopausal women without osteoporosis; The levels of IL-6[MD=42.4, 95%CI (38.62, 46.19)] and
TNF-α[MD=0.40, 95%CI (0.36, 0.44)] were significantly higher than those of premenopausal
healthy women

Conclusions:

The levels of inflammatory cytokines IL-6 and TNF-α were significantly increased
in PMOP patients compared with controls, suggesting that persistent chronic inflammatory reaction exists in PMOP patients, which may be an important cause of aggravated osteoporosis in
postmenopausal women. Therefore, the level of IL-6 and TNF-α indexes may be of great significance for the early prevention, diagnosis, treatment and prognosis assessment of PMOP.
SMAC Mimetics for the Treatment of Lung Carcinoma: Present
Development and Future Prospects
Authors: Pandey Ruchi , Bisht Priya , Wal Pranay , Murti Krishna , Ravichandiran V. , Kumar Nitesh
Published: January 2024

Background:

Uncontrolled cell growth and proliferation, which originate from lung tissue
often lead to lung carcinoma and are more likely due to smoking as well as inhaled environmental
toxins. It is widely recognized that tumour cells evade the ability of natural programmed death
(apoptosis) and facilitates tumour progression and metastasis. Therefore investigating and targeting
the apoptosis pathway is being utilized as one of the best approaches for decades.

Objective:

This review describes the emergence of SMAC mimetic drugs as a treatment approach,
its possibilities to synergize the response along with current limitations as well as future perspective
therapy for lung cancer.

Method:

Articles were analysed using search engines and databases namely Pubmed and Scopus.

Result:

Under cancerous circumstances, the level of Inhibitor of Apoptosis Proteins (IAPs) gets elevated,
which suppresses the pathway of programmed cell death, plus supports the proliferation of
lung cancer. As it is a major apoptosis regulator, natural drugs that imitate the IAP antagonistic response
like SMAC mimetic agents/Diablo have been identified to trigger cell death. SMAC i.e. second
mitochondria activators of caspases is a molecule produced by mitochondria, stimulates apoptosis
by neutralizing/inhibiting IAP and prevents its potential responsible for the activation of caspases.
Various preclinical data have proven that these agents elicit the death of lung tumour cells.
Apart from inducing apoptosis, these also sensitize the cancer cells toward other effective anticancer
approaches like chemo, radio, or immunotherapies. There are many SMAC mimetic agents such as
birinapant, BV-6, LCL161, and JP 1201, which have been identified for diagnosis as well as treatment
purposes in lung cancer and are also under clinical investigation.

Conclusion:

SMAC mimetics acts in a restorative way in the prevention of lung cancer.
Molecular Docking of Phytomolecules of Grain Amaranth (Amaranthus hypochondriacus) with AKR1C3Protein Involved in Prostate Cancer in Human Beings
Authors: Pandey Dinesh , Bharti Manisha , Rana Anubhav , Prabhakaran Sharat , Chauhan Rashmi
Published: January 2024

This study focuses on exploring how the bioactive compounds found in amaranth—
phytol, squalene, and α-tocopherol—could potentially offer medicinal benefits in the context of prostate
cancer. The investigation involves a docking study with AKRC13, an important target linked to
the control of prostate cancer, aiming to uncover their potential effects against this disease. Costeffective
and efficient cancer treatment options are crucial because of the high expenses associated
with current cancer therapies as well as their side effects. Amaranth (Amaranthus hypochondriacus)
is a pseudocereal crop abundant in squalene, α-tocopherol, and phytol, which shows promising foodbased
therapy for various diseases, including cancer. Prostate cancer has been a significant contributor
to mortality globally, but the introduction of relugolix has emerged as a crucial therapeutic intervention
in its treatment. Hence, this study was conducted to investigate the interactions between
grain amaranth bioactive compounds squalene, phytol, and α-tocopherol with AKRC13 protein utilizing
a molecular docking approach facilitated by Autodock Vina software. Research Collaboratory
for Structural Bioinformatics Protein Data Bank (RCSB-PDB) (http://www.rcsb.org/) was used for
retrieving the 3D crystal structure of the target protein, AKRC13 (PDB ID: 7c7f). The 3D structure
of bioactive compounds squalene, phytol, and α-tocopherol were retrieved from the PubChem database,
following which Open-Babel was used to change the format from .sdf to .pdb. Furthermore,
pharmacokinetics characteristics were also considered along with Lipinski’s rule of five using SwissADME
(http://www. Swiss adme.ch/index.php) and pkCSM (http://structure.bioc.cam.ac.uk/pkcsm),
indicating their potential as a drug candidate in the initial stage. The potential anticancer properties
of the ligands were predicted using PASS software. Following the completion of the docking study,
it became evident that α-tocopherol demonstrated the most significant binding energy, followed by
squalene and phytol, in comparison to the established drug, relugolix. This implies that the chosen
bioactive compounds might possess enzyme-inhibiting properties, indicating their potential for further
in vivo anticancer screening using model organisms. The findings serve as stepping stones for
advancing the potential use of the discussed bioactive compounds as a potential drug candidate for
prostate cancer.
Atomic Electrostatic Potential as a Descriptor of Aminolysis of Phenyl and
Thiophenyl Acetates and Hydrolysis of Acetanilides
Authors: Krylov Evgeny , Virzum Lyudmila , Gruzdev Matvey , Chervonova Ulyana
Published: January 2024

Hydrolysis of acetanilides and aminolysis of phenyl and thiophenyl acetates are related
reactions since these are processes of nucleophilic substitution on the carbonyl carbon. Current views
of chemical reactivity based on the DFT theory rely upon reactivity indices that are descriptors of
both the reaction center and the molecule as a whole, and have not been applied to the given processes
before. One of such descriptors is an atomic electrostatic potential. The given parameter was calculated
by the DFT theory M06/6-311+G (non-specific solvation, MeCN, SMD, and full optimization)
for the structures of substituted phenyl acetates XPhO-C(O)Me, acetanilides XPhNHC(O)Me, thiophenyl
acetates ZPhSC(=O)Me, and benzyl amines XPhСH2NH2 (X, Z substituents). It has been
found that all relationships between the atomic electrostatic potential, the charge on the reaction center
in the Hirshfeld scheme, and logK are symbatic. Consequently, in all of the cases, the rate is determined
by the nucleophilic attack on the reaction center, with the activity/selectivity relationship
being observed. The fact that the reaction rate is limited by the nucleophilic attack of the reagent is
not inconsistent with the views of the reaction being concerted, since it is known that such reactions
may be quite concerted though not quite synchronous.
Emerging Translational Approaches for Lung Cancer Therapeutics
Authors: Bedi Ishpreet Singh , Jain Pushpendra
Published: January 2024

Selective inactivation of tumour genes and immunogenic activation of host anti-tumor surveillance
as curement modalities are becoming more common in lung cancer due to genomics-driven
comprehensive molecular profiling's identification of advanced chemically and immunologically noticeable
vulnerabilities. However, recurrence occurs as a result of persistent disease states that are
resistant to these specified therapies after an initially dramatic response. Although various mechanisms
and conceptual frameworks for therapeutic resistance have been put forth, it has proven difficult
to account for and forecast resistance trajectories in advance. In this review, we cover the present
state of genomics-guided individualized therapy against both oncogenic changes and post-therapy
resistance pathways in both NSCLC and SCLC. We include the most prominent oncogenic changes
found in NSCLC. We list a variety of innovative and developing precision medicine strategies for
SCLC, which is currently very resistant to specified therapy. In addition, we review a number of immunotherapy
strategies that are being studied clinically for lung cancer, either individually or in
combination. This review not only analyses tumour heterogeneity as a source of residual disease and
emphasizes common molecular themes underlying many classes of resistance but also highlights potential
solutions to these obstacles. We underline how a thorough understanding of these themes helps
forecast and enhance therapeutic approaches, including poly-therapy approaches, to prevent tumour
growth in the first place.
The Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Women’s Health: A Review
Authors: Singh Deepika
Published: January 2024

:

During any crisis, whether it is health, economic, or environmental, people are more
likely to experience stress, anxiety, and other psychological issues that jeopardize their general
well-being. The Coronavirus, or COVID-19, is considered a global pandemic that affects millions
of persons. Many people of different ages have significantly suffered from mental illness as a result
of COVID-19, especially women affected vulnerable. As per the report, the death rates of
men have doubled in comparison with women; this epidemic shows a bigger influence on the
health of women than men. Even quarantine impacts make the females afraid, bewildered, and
feel alone, which is terrible for them, as it also disturbs their health, such as pregnancy, sexual
life, postpartum depression, etc. This review article reveals the COVID-19 impact on the health of
women and finds a way to prevent and manage the health implications in women at various periods
throughout their lives.
Protective Effect of Statin Therapy in Ankylosing Spondylitis
Authors: Tavasolian Fataneh , Abdollahi Elham , Inman Robert D. , Sahebkar Amirhossein
Published: January 2024

:

Ankylosing spondylitis (AS) is a complex autoimmune and auto-inflammatory disorder
characterized by a gradual onset that can progress to spinal ankylosis over time. This chronic condition
primarily affects the sacroiliac joints and the spine, often extending its influence to peripheral
joints and extra-articular organs, including the eyes AS is associated with significant disability, along
with comorbidities such as uveitis and inflammatory bowel disease. Moreover, individuals with AS
face an elevated risk of mortality due to cardiovascular disease (CVD). This paper explores the potential
benefits of statins, known for their anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory effects, in mitigating
AS-related cardiovascular risk and their therapeutic effects on disease activity.