bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Role of Dietary Nutrients in the Modulation of Gut Microbiota: A Narrative Review
Authors: Yang Qi , Liang Qi , Balakrishnan Biju , Belobrajdic Damien P , Feng Qian-Jin , Zhang Wei
Published: January 2020

Understanding how dietary nutrients modulate the gut microbiome is of great interest for the development of food products and eating patterns for combatting the global burden of non-communicable diseases. In this narrative review we assess scientific studies published from 2005 to 2019 that evaluated the effect of micro- and macro-nutrients on the composition of the gut microbiome using in vitro and in vivo models, and human clinical trials. The clinical evidence for micronutrients is less clear and generally lacking. However, preclinical evidence suggests that red wine- and tea-derived polyphenols and vitamin D can modulate potentially beneficial bacteria. Current research shows consistent clinical evidence that dietary fibers, including arabinoxylans, galacto-oligosaccharides, inulin, and oligofructose, promote a range of beneficial bacteria and suppress potentially detrimental species. The preclinical evidence suggests that both the quantity and type of fat modulate both beneficial and potentially detrimental microbes, as well as the Firmicutes/Bacteroides ratio in the gut. Clinical and preclinical studies suggest that the type and amount of proteins in the diet has substantial and differential effects on the gut microbiota. Further clinical investigation of the effect of micronutrients and macronutrients on the microbiome and metabolome is warranted, along with understanding how this influences host health.
Metabolic and Cognitive Effects of Ranolazine in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: Data from an in vivo Model
Authors: Cassano Velia , Leo Antonio , Tallarico Martina , Nesci Valentina , Cimellaro Antonio , Fiorentino Teresa Vanessa , Citraro Rita , Hribal Marta Letizia , De Sarro Giovambattista , Perticone Francesco , Sesti Giorgio , Russo Emilio , Sciacqua Angela
Published: January 2020

Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a risk factor for cognitive impairment. Ranolazine, an anti-ischemic drug used in the treatment of angina pectoris, has been shown to possess hypoglycemic properties in pre-clinical and clinical studies. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of ranolazine on glucose metabolism and cognitive function in a T2DM model of Wistar rats. Diabetes was induced by a high fat diet (HFD) and streptozotocin (STZ). The control group received a normal caloric diet (NCD) and sodium citrate buffer. Metformin, an effective hypoglycemic drug, was employed as a positive control. Animals were divided into the following groups: HFD/STZ + Ranolazine, HFD/STZ + Metformin, HFD/STZ + Vehicle, NCD + Vehicle, NCD + Ranolazine, and NCD + Metformin. Rats received ranolazine (20 mg/kg), metformin (300 mg/kg), or water, for 8 weeks. At the end of the treatments, all animals underwent to an intraperitoneal glucose tolerance test (IPGTT) and behavioral tests, including passive avoidance, novel object recognition, forced swimming, and elevate plus maze tests. Interleukin-6 plasma levels in the six treatment groups were assessed by Elisa assay. Body mass composition was estimated by nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR). Glucose responsiveness significantly improved in the HFD/STZ + Ranolazine (p < 0.0001) and HFD/STZ + Metformin (p = 0.003) groups. There was a moderate effect on blood glucose levels in the NCD + Ranolazine and NCD + Metformin groups. Lean body mass was significantly increased in the HFD/STZ + Ranolazine and HFD/STZ + Metformin animals, compared to HFD/STZ + Vehicle animals. Ranolazine improved learning and long-term memory in HFD/STZ + Ranolazine compared to HFD/STZ + Vehicle (p < 0.001) and ameliorated the pro-inflammatory profile of diabetic mice. These results support the hypothesis of a protective effect of ranolazine against cognitive decline caused by T2DM.
Radiolabelled Peptides for Positron Emission Tomography and Endoradiotherapy in Oncology
Authors: Rangger Christine , Haubner Roland
Published: January 2020

This review deals with the development of peptide-based radiopharmaceuticals for the use with positron emission tomography and peptide receptor radiotherapy. It discusses the pros and cons of this class of radiopharmaceuticals as well as the different labelling strategies, and summarises approaches to optimise metabolic stability. Additionally, it presents different target structures and addresses corresponding tracers, which are already used in clinical routine or are being investigated in clinical trials.
Crocus sativus L. Extract Containing Polyphenols Modulates Oxidative Stress and Inflammatory Response against Anti-Tuberculosis Drugs-Induced Liver Injury
Authors: Wali Adil Farooq , Pillai Jayachithra Ramakrishna , Al Dhaheri Yusra , Rehman Muneeb U. , Shoaib Ambreen , Sarheed Omar , Jabnoun Salma , Razmpoor Maryam , Rasool Saiema , Paray Bilal Ahmad , Ahmad Parvaiz
Published: January 2020

The purpose of this study is to analyze the polyphenolic rich extract of Crocus sativus L. petals (CSP) in modulating liver oxidative stress and inflammatory response status against rifampicin isoniazid (INH-RIF) drug-induced liver injury. The INH-RIF was administered for 14 days with varying doses in Wistar rats, while silymarin was administered as standard dose. We report the defensive impacts of CSP against INH-RIF induced liver oxidative stress and proinflammatory cytokine. The CSP treatment at both doses significantly controlled all modulating biochemical hepatic injury indicators and resulted in the attenuation of arbitral INH-RIF damage. The components present in CSP identified by LC–ESI-Q-TOF–MS were found to be flavonoids and fatty acids. It can be inferred that CSP possesses a hepatoprotective capacity against INH-RIF-mediated hepatic injury, which may prove to be a medically beneficial natural product for the management of drug-induced liver injury.
The Effect of Glycidyl Azide Polymer Grafted Tetrafunctional Isocyanate on Polytriazole Polyethylene Oxide-Tetrahydrofuran Elastomer and its Propellant Properties
Authors: Hu Jinghui , Tang Weiqiang , Li Yonghui , He Jiyu , Guo Xiaoyan , Yang Rongjie
Published: January 2020

A new energetic curing reagent, Glycidyl azide polymer grafted tetrafunctional isocyanate (N100-g-GAP) was synthesized and characterized by FT-IR and GPC approaches. Polytriazole polyethylene oxide-tetrahydrofuran (PTPET) elastomer was prepared by N100-g-GAP and alkynyl terminated polyethylene oxide-tetrahydrofuran (ATPET). The resulting PTPET elastomer was fully characterized by TGA, DMA, FTIR and mechanical test. The above analysis indicates that PTPET elastomers using N100-g-GAP as curing reagent have the potential for use in propellants. The overall formulation test of the composite propellants shows that this curing system can effectively enhance mechanical strength and bring a significant improvement in the interface interaction between the RDX & AP particles and binder matrix.
Women in Luther’s Life and Theology: Scholarship in Recent Years
Authors: Jurgens Laura Kathryn
Published: January 2020

The purpose of this article is to provide a broad but comprehensive review of the current scholarship on Martin Luther and women. Luther’s thoughts and actions still play an important role as witnessed by the recent events commemorating the five-hundredth anniversary of the Protestant Reformation. However, after five-hundred years, it is surprising that there continues to be relatively little scholarship on Luther’s ideas about women, especially from a feminist perspective. Luther wrote much about women and related topics such as marriage, sexuality, and the family which can be found throughout nearly every type of his works. For example, Luther not only wrote extensively about women throughout his theological works, but also wrote personal correspondence to women. Yet, Luther’s theological attitudes towards women and his encounters with women need to be explored further. This review is significant because it highlights the major scholarly works that address Luther and women. This review not only provides a helpful framework for the readers of this Special Issue of Religions, but it also emphasizes the necessity for future scholarship to continue to explore Martin Luther’s complex relationship with women in his life and theology.
Two-Stage Interference Cancellation for Device-to-Device Caching Networks
Authors: Jeon Sang-Woon , Chae Sung Ho
Published: January 2020

Wireless device-to-device (D2D) caching networks are studied, in which n nodes are distributed uniformly at random over the network area. Each node caches M files from the library of size m ≥ M and independently requires a file from the library. Each request will be served by cooperative D2D transmission from other nodes having the requested file in their cache memories. In many practical sensor or Internet of things (IoT) networks, there may exist simple sensor or IoT devices that are not able to perform real-time rate and power control based on the reported channel quality information (CQI). Hence, it is assumed that each node transmits a file with a fixed rate and power so that an outage is inevitable. To improve the outage-based throughput, a cache-enabled interference cancellation (IC) technique is proposed for cooperative D2D file delivery which first performs IC, utilizing cached files at each node as side information, and then performs successive IC of strongly interfering files. Numerical simulations demonstrate that the proposed scheme significantly improves the overall throughput and, furthermore, such gain is universally achievable for various caching placement strategies such as random caching and probabilistic caching.
Probabilistic Modelling for Unsupervised Analysis of Human Behaviour in Smart Cities
Authors: Qarout Yazan , Raykov Yordan P. , Little Max A.
Published: January 2020

The growth of urban areas in recent years has motivated a large amount of new sensor applications in smart cities. At the centre of many new applications stands the goal of gaining insights into human activity. Scalable monitoring of urban environments can facilitate better informed city planning, efficient security, regular transport and commerce. A large part of monitoring capabilities have already been deployed; however, most rely on expensive motion imagery and privacy invading video cameras. It is possible to use a low-cost sensor alternative, which enables deep understanding of population behaviour such as the Global Positioning System (GPS) data. However, the automated analysis of such low dimensional sensor data, requires new flexible and structured techniques that can describe the generative distribution and time dynamics of the observation data, while accounting for external contextual influences such as time of day or the difference between weekend/weekday trends. In this paper, we propose a novel time series analysis technique that allows for multiple different transition matrices depending on the data’s contextual realisations all following shared adaptive observational models that govern the global distribution of the data given a latent sequence. The proposed approach, which we name Adaptive Input Hidden Markov model (AI-HMM) is tested on two datasets from different sensor types: GPS trajectories of taxis and derived vehicle counts in populated areas. We demonstrate that our model can group different categories of behavioural trends and identify time specific anomalies.
Between the Ideal and Reality of City Resizing Policy: Focused on 25 Cases of Compact City Plans in Japan
Authors: Yoon Cheol-Jae
Published: January 2020

Since 2014, Japan has implemented a policy for forming a compact urban structure at a national level through an urban planning technique called a location normalization plan. A residence-induced zone included in the location normalization plan is considered as the essence of forming a compact urban structure and can be characterized as a policy that compactifies cities for a long period not only by inducing residence functions into the inside of the zones but also by applying regulations to the outside of the zones. This study examined the status of the dichotomous compact city policy applied in reality by analyzing various cases in Japan that established location normalization plans, and its implications. The conditions commonly observed in the induced zone in model cities indicated that the validity of residence-induced zones—how and where residence-induced zones had to be designated—was prioritized in many cases. Some cities, however, designated independent zones that maintained a certain level of residential functions outside the induced zones. Utilizing independent zones in non-induced zones can be assessed not as an act of simply dividing cities by a dichotomous way but as an attempt to reflect the situations and characteristics of individual cities.
Digital Marketing for Sustainable Growth: Business Models and Online Campaigns Using Sustainable Strategies
Authors: Saura Jose Ramon , Palos-Sanchez Pedro , Rodríguez Herráez Beatriz
Published: January 2020

In recent years, digital marketing has transformed the way in which companies communicate with their customers around the world. The increase in the use of social networks and how users communicate with companies on the Internet has given rise to new business models based on the bidirectionality of communication between companies and Internet users. Digital marketing, new business models, online advertising campaigns, and other digital strategies have gathered user opinions and comments through this new online channel. In this way, companies have started to see the digital ecosystem as not only their present, but also as their future. From this long-term perspective, companies are concerned about sustainability and the growth of their business models. There are new business models on the Internet that support social causes, new platforms aimed at supporting social and sustainable projects, and digital advertising campaigns promoting sustainability. The overarching aim of this Special Issue was to analyze the development of these new strategies as well as their influence on the sustainability of digital marketing strategies. Therefore, we aimed to analyze how companies adopt these new technologies in a digital environment that is increasingly concerned with the sustainability of business models and actions on the Internet.
Understanding the Perceptions of Sustainable Coffee Production: A Case Study of the K’Ho Ethnic Minority in a Small Village in Lâm Đồng Province of Vietnam
Authors: Le Quan Vu , Jovanovic Grace , Le Don-Thuan , Cowal Sanya
Published: January 2020

This case study used anthropological and culture concept methodologies to evaluate the perceptions of sustainable coffee production of the K’Ho ethnic minority in Di Linh district, Lâm Đồng province in the Central Highlands of Vietnam. Sustainable production is a means of mitigating the increasing impacts of climate change upon the region. The Central Highlands is a major coffee production hub and Di Linh is the largest coffee growing region of Lâm Đồng province. The case study included in-depth interviews with farmers based on open-ended questions and a questionnaire about sustainable coffee indicators. The survey invited farmers to quantify the current status of their social, economic, and environmental sustainability. Our study revealed that the unique, government sponsored development of coffee farms led to fast production rates and quick economic prosperity. But, it also resulted in a prolonged monoculture system of coffee production and high chemical use; causing farm productivity to decline and social, economic, and environmental vulnerability to increase. The K’Ho farmers in a small village are noticing the devastating long-term effects of agrochemicals, but have had some initial success exploring the potential benefits of reverting to traditional farming methods.
Assessment of the Development of Professional Skills in University Students: Sustainability and Serious Games
Authors: Peña Miguel Noemi , Corral Lage Javier , Mata Galindez Ana
Published: January 2020

In this study, we analyze the development of key professional skills for sustainability (KPSS) in university students using serious games (SG) from a sustainability perspective. Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) were set by the United Nations’ 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development. Universities are strategic agents in the transformation process towards sustainability. Thus, universities should be committed to promoting such skills in their students through sustainable curricula by implementing active methodologies and using SG for that purpose. KPSS are essential for the development of future graduates. The aim of this study is to determine what KPSS have to be developed through the SG “The Island”, in order to improve the degree of satisfaction towards the incorporation of a sustainable curriculum among the students. The data were obtained using a questionnaire and then analyzed using linear regression models, with their inferences estimated through a goodness of fit test and ANOVA. The first results indicated that implementation of the SG promoted a strengthening of the students' sustainable curriculum through the development of related skills. It was concluded that the key to success in education for sustainable development is to improve the development of strategic thinking, collaborative thinking, and self-awareness, in addition to encouraging systemic, critical, and problem-solving thinking.
An Approach Incorporating User Preferences in the Design of Sanitation Systems and Its Application in the Rural Communities of Chiapas, Mexico
Authors: Turrén-Cruz Thalía , García-Rodríguez Juan Alejandro , Peimbert-García Rodrigo E. , López Zavala Miguel Ángel
Published: January 2020

Globally, the numerous efforts exerted toward providing basic sanitation services to people have not been sufficient to achieve universal coverage. In developing countries worldwide, many policies, strategies, initiatives, and projects on basic sanitation have failed, despite important investments. Of the several reasons explaining the failure, it is remarkable to note that such approaches have focused mainly on improving the technology of the sanitation system without considering the human aspects, such as user preferences. Moreover, there is currently no comprehensive approach that ensures the provision of a sanitation service that users want or need to satisfy their needs. In this regard, this study proposed an approach to identify the variables and indicators that represent user preferences in the selection and creation of more holistic sanitation strategies, technologies, systems, and services. The proposed approach was applied in rural communities of Chiapas, the poorest state of Mexico, and was effective in identifying user preferences, which suggests that it could be an intrinsic part of the design, planning, and implementation process toward leading rural communities to achieve sustainable development goals on universal basic sanitation. The evaluation results also demonstrated that among the preferences linked to the technical features, esthetics, costs of the system, and socioeconomic-related aspects were the most important to be considered in the provision of basic sanitation. The study points out the necessity of understanding how culture, preferences, practices, and socioeconomic conditions directly affect the possibilities for users to gain access to basic sustainable sanitation services.
Farm Production Diversity: Is It Important for Dietary Diversity? Panel Data Evidence from Uganda
Authors: Sekabira Haruna , Nalunga Shamim
Published: January 2020

The substantial existence of malnutrition globally, especially in developing countries, has usually driven policy initiatives to focus on improving household food security and nutrition primarily through prioritizing farm production diversity. Although indeed some empirical evidence has pointed to farm production diversity remedying malnutrition, other evidence has pointed to markets. Therefore, evidence is mixed and may be country or region variant. To contribute to closing such a gap in the literature, we used three waves of national panel survey data from Uganda and panel regression models to investigate associations between farm production diversity and dietary diversity, as well as impact pathways. We found that farm production diversity was positively and significantly associated with household dietary diversity. Farm production diversity influenced dietary diversity through own farm production, and market consumption food security pathways. The own farm production pathway showed a stronger associated impact. Increasing food expenditure by 1000 UGX via own farm production yielded an eight percentage point increment in household dietary diversity, while an equal expenditure via markets yielded a 5.3 percentage point increment. We also found existence of gender effects. Male headed households were associated with relatively poorer household dietary diversity. These findings could have broader implications for countries practicing smallholder agriculture.
Differential Features of Fusion Activation within the Paramyxoviridae
Authors: Azarm Kristopher D. , Lee Benhur
Published: January 2020

Paramyxovirus (PMV) entry requires the coordinated action of two envelope glycoproteins, the receptor binding protein (RBP) and fusion protein (F). The sequence of events that occurs during the PMV entry process is tightly regulated. This regulation ensures entry will only initiate when the virion is in the vicinity of a target cell membrane. Here, we review recent structural and mechanistic studies to delineate the entry features that are shared and distinct amongst the Paramyxoviridae. In general, we observe overarching distinctions between the protein-using RBPs and the sialic acid- (SA-) using RBPs, including how their stalk domains differentially trigger F. Moreover, through sequence comparisons, we identify greater structural and functional conservation amongst the PMV fusion proteins, as compared to the RBPs. When examining the relative contributions to sequence conservation of the globular head versus stalk domains of the RBP, we observe that, for the protein-using PMVs, the stalk domains exhibit higher conservation and find the opposite trend is true for SA-using PMVs. A better understanding of conserved and distinct features that govern the entry of protein-using versus SA-using PMVs will inform the rational design of broader spectrum therapeutics that impede this process.
Experimental Usutu Virus Infection in Domestic Canaries Serinus canaria
Authors: Benzarti Emna , Rivas José , Sarlet Michaël , Franssen Mathieu , Desmecht Daniel , Schmidt-Chanasit Jonas , Savini Giovanni , Lorusso Alessio , Van Laere Anne-Sophie , Garigliany Mutien-Marie
Published: January 2020

Usutu virus (USUV) is a neurotropic flavivirus closely related to West Nile virus (WNV). Its enzootic cycle mainly involves mosquitoes and birds. Human infection can occur with occasional, but sometimes severe, neurological complications. Since its emergence and spread in Europe over the last two decades, USUV has been linked to significant avian outbreaks, especially among Passeriformes, including European blackbirds (Turdus merula). Strikingly, no in vivo avian model exists so far to study this arbovirus. The domestic canary (Serinus canaria) is a passerine, which is considered as a highly susceptible model of infection by WNV. Here, we experimentally challenged domestic canaries with two different doses of USUV. All inoculated birds presented detectable amounts of viral RNA in the blood and RNA shedding via feathers and droppings during the early stages of the infection, as determined by RT-qPCR. Mortality occurred in both infected groups (1/5 and 2/5, respectively) and was not necessarily correlated to a pure neurological disease. Subsequent analyses of samples from dead birds showed histopathological changes and virus tropism mimicking those reported in naturally infected birds. A robust seroconversion followed the infection in almost all the surviving canaries. Altogether, these results demonstrate that domestic canaries constitute an interesting experimental model for the study of USUV pathogenesis and transmission.
Application of Stable Water Isotopes to Improve Conceptual Model of Alluvial Aquifer in the Varaždin Area
Authors: Marković Tamara , Karlović Igor , Perčec Tadić Melita , Larva Ozren
Published: January 2020

To understand groundwater flow and geochemical processes within an aquifer, it is necessary to set up a conceptual model of the aquifer. To accomplish this, different methods are used, and one of them is an isotopic technique. The study area is located in the Varaždin area (NW Croatia). The aquifer represents the main source of potable water for the town of Varaždin and the surrounding settlements. The conceptual model of the alluvial aquifer has to be set up prior to creating a groundwater flow and transport model. Measurements of ratios δ18Ο and δ2H in ground- and surface waters and precipitation samples were carried out. The relationship between ratios δ18Ο, δ2H, and d-excess for local precipitation in the study area showed that precipitation originates from the Atlantic air masses, although during the colder periods of the year, influence of the Mediterranean air masses was not negligible. The monitored period was warmer and wetter than average. Evaporation was observed at all monitored surface waters, but the largest rate was at the location of a gravel pit in Šijanec. The isotopic composition of the precipitation and groundwater showed a good correlation due to the isotopic homogenization of groundwater along the flow path.
Geoinformation Exploration and Comparison of Computer Processing Processes of the Forestry of Ukraine
Authors: Shevchenko A. A. , Manuilenko V. G. , Onatska M. M. , Filіchenko V. P.
Published: January 2020

The main problems of forestry are considered in the article taking into account the current normative documents of Ukraine and developments of Ukrainian scientists. The period of forestry production is the longest of all known productions: 60-100 and more years. The total forest area of the forest fund of Ukraine is 10.4 million hectares, including the forest cover — 9.6 million hectares. The forested area of Ukraine is 15.9%. The stock of wood in forests is estimated at 2.1 billion m3. The total annual increase in the stock of timber reaches 35 million m3. Forests grow in different natural areas (Polissia, Forest-steppe, Steppe, Ukrainian Carpathians, and Mountain Crimea) and have differences in forest conditions. The forests are concentrated mainly in Polissia and the Carpathians. Afforestation in various natural zones varies from 3.7% in Zaporizhzhya to 51.4% in the Transcarpathian regions and does not reach a scientifically justified optimal level. Almost half of the forests have limited use, which does not contribute to the efficient use of forest resources.By means of which it is possible to solve the issues of collection, processing, control and document management in this field. Today, scientists and workers face a rather difficult task. In the short term, you need to create, implement in the industry, fill in archival data, learn how to use, maintain in working condition, implement updates in accordance with new laws and regulations, and update data. Today, several work programs have been developed that are in the process of being put into production. Comparative analysis of existing programs is presented in more detail and data on their implementation are given. UkrNILILA organized a joint Ukrainian-Czech project, TechInLis4, which implemented the use of a program-based system for collecting inventory of Field Map forests developed by the Institute of Forest Ecosystems Research (IFER, Czech Republic), which is based on a powerful database server, includes automated workplaces (ARMs) for specialists from all divisions and levels of the forestry industry and ozhlyvosti for the rapid exchange of data between entities. Such a system is the State Forests of Ukraine Information System (DIS). Also, the GIS — Lisproject software complex and 1C software product: Enterprise Forestry Management were considered. Given the unique combination of natural and socio-economic components in forestry, as well as a long period of forestry production, the overall objective of the program is to ensure a balanced development of forestry aimed at strengthening the environmental, social and economic functions of Ukrainian forests.
Journal of Bioengineering and Technology Applied to Health
Authors: Knop Luciana
Published: January 2020

The entire articles submitted are included in this issue.
Preparation of Panification Products Using Passion Fruit in Replacement of Wheat Flour
Authors: De Souza Oliveira Fernanda Antonia , Britto Andrade Aurora , Pinheiro Damasceno Weena Rebeca , Dos Reis Magalhães Azevêdo Rebeca , Souza Cruz Renato
Published: January 2020

Passion fruit (fruit of significant domestic production) has 52% of its weight comprised of peel (albedo), is rich in pectin, and has essential technological properties for bakery products. In the present coursework, the production of passion fruit albedo flour (FAM) was carried out, later used in different concentrations to produce pasta (4%, 8%, 12%, and 16%) and cookies (3%, 6%, 9%, and 12%). Physical and technological analyses were performed to characterize the products. The data treatment showed that the ideal concentration of FAM for pasta is 15%, and for the cookie, the maximum incorporation did not present a significant difference. We concluded that FAM has excellent potential for use in baking, being necessary further adjustments.
Mediasi Nilai Perusahaan pada Pengungkapan Laporan Keberlanjutan dan Abnormal Return
Authors: Kamila Syafa , Purwanti Ari
Published: January 2020

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui dampak pengungkapan laporan keberlanjutan dalam aspek ekonomi, lingkungan, dan social terhadap abnormal return dengan proksi nilai perusahaan price-to-book value sebagai mediasi. Sampel dalam penelitian ini diambil menggunakan purposive sampling method. Jumlah sampel adalah 20 perusahaan. Data yang dianalisis menggunakan teknik PLS (Partial Least Square) menggunakan Smart PLS. hasil menunjukkan bahwa pengungkapan laporan keberlanjutan pada aspek ekonomi, lingkungan, dan social tidak memiliki dampak yang signifikan terhadap abnormal return. Selanjutnya, pengungkapan laporan keberlanjutan pada aspek ekonomi tidak memiliki dampak signifikan terhadap nilai perusahaan. Sementara aspek lingkungan dan sosial memiliki hasil yang signifikan terhadap nilai perusahaan. Studi ini menunjukkan bahwa nilai perusahaan tidak memiliki dampak signifikan terhadap abnormal return. Hasil dari penelitian ini juga mengindikasikan bahwa proksi nilai perusahaan tidak memediasi hubungan kausalitas antara laporan keberlanjutan dan abnormal return.
SOYADI ÜZERİNE GÜNCEL HUKUKÎ SORUNLAR
Authors: YILMAZ Süleyman , ÇAVUŞOĞLU Gökçe Filiz
Published: January 2020

Toplumun oluşumu, sınıf kavramı ile başlamıştır. İnsanlık tarihin ise, sınıf kavramından bireyin kimliğine gidiş hali yaşanmıştır. Hem birey hem de sınıf, toplumu şekillendirmede önemli bir rol oynar. Bu sebeple, ikisinin de ayırt edilebilmesi gerekir. Geçmişte ve günümüzde yegâne ayırt etme aracı ise soyadıdır. Bu çalışmamamızda öncelikle soyadı kavramının tanımı yapılmaktadır. Ardından soyadı kavramının getirmiş olduğu sorunlar ele alınmaktadır. Bunu yapabilmek için sırasıyla kadının, çocuğun ve erkeğin soyadları incelenmektedir. Kadının soyadının evlenme ve boşanma halindeki durumu ve mevcut düzenlemelerin anayasaya aykırı olup olmadığı tartışılmaktadır. Daha sonra, çocuğun soyadı ve Anayasa Mahkemesinin tutumu irdelenmektedir. Erkeğin soyadı konusu da detaylı bir şekilde ele alınmaktadır. Son olarak soyadı kavramı üzerine yapılan tartışmalara çözüm sunduğumuz ortak soyadı ilkesi açıklanmaktadır.
TAKSİ, DOLMUŞ VE BENZERİ ULAŞIM ARAÇLARINDA ÇALIŞANLARIN SİGORTALILIKLARI
Authors: SARIBAY ÖZTÜRK Gizem
Published: January 2020

Ticari taksi, dolmuş ve benzeri şehir içi toplu taşıma araçları günlük hayatımızda önemli bir yer tutmaktadır. Bu araçların ve araçlarda çalışan kişilerin sayıları günden güne artış göstermektedir. Adı geçen araçların bir kısmında araç sahipleri kendileri, bir kısmında araçları sahibinden kiralamak suretiyle kendi adlarına işletenler ve bir kısmında ise iş sözleşmesiyle işçiler çalışmaktadır. Şehir içi toplu taşıma araçlarında çalışma, çoğu zaman gece-gündüz devam etmekte, çalışanların günlük mesaileri gündüz, akşam veya gece şeklinde değişmektedir. Hatta bir kişi gün içinde farklı saatlerde birden fazla araçta çalışabilmektedir. Çalışanların çoğu ne yazık ki kayıt dışı çalışmaktadır. 5510 sayılı Sosyal Sigortalar ve Genel Sağlık Sigortası Kanunu Ek. m. 6 ile 01.03.2011 tarihinden itibaren uygulanmak üzere, ticari taksi, dolmuş ve benzeri şehir içi toplu taşıma araçlarında çalışanların kısmî süreli iş sözleşmesiyle bir ayda 10 günden az çalışanlarına, primlerinin kendileri tarafından ödenmesi kaydıyla, özel bir sigortalılık sağlanmıştır. Çalışmamızda taksi, dolmuş ve benzeri şehir içi toplu taşıma araçlarında çalışan kişilerin sosyal sigortalılıkları ve dolayısıyla da sosyal güvenliklerine ilişkin hükümler değerlendirilmeye çalışılacaktır.
AVRUPA İNSAN HAKLARI MAHKEMESİ KARARLARI ÇERÇEVESİNDE TÜRK HUKUKUNDA MEDENİ HAK VE YÜKÜMLÜLÜKLERE İLİŞKİN DAVALARDA ÜCRETSİZ AVUKAT YARDIMINDAN FAYDALANMA HAKKI
Authors: ÇELİK Özlem
Published: January 2020

Adil yargılanma hakkının unsurlarından biri de avukat yardımından ücretsiz bir şekilde faydalanma hakkıdır. Avrupa İnsan Hakları Sözleşmesinin 6. maddesine göre, avukat yardımından ücretsiz bir şekilde faydalanma hakkı, yalnızca ceza hukukuna ilişkin davalarda söz konusudur. Ancak Avrupa İnsan Hakları Mahkemesi, bazı durumlarda medeni hak ve yükümlülüklere ilişkin davalarda ücretsiz avukat yardımından faydalanma hakkının tanınmasını, mahkemeye erişim hakkı kapsamında görerek kabul etmektedir. Mahkemenin bu konudaki içtihadı, büyük ölçüde Airey/İrlanda kararı ile şekillenmiştir. Bu çalışmada, Avrupa İnsan Hakları Mahkemesi’nin içtihatları çerçevesinde, medeni hak ve yükümlülüklere ilişkin davalarda ücretsiz avukat yardımından faydalanma hakkı incelenecektir.
Yield Stability in Forage Maize Across Selected Test-Environments
Authors: Mohammed S. H. , Mohammed M. I.
Published: January 2020

Assessing new maize cultivars requires studying both yield and stability performance across the major range of environments. Four trials were conducted in Sudan (Africa) during 2013 – 2014. Nine maize genotypes were investigated for forage yield stability across 8 test-environments created by a combination of 2 levels of location, season and watering regime assumed to impose respective effects of salt, heat and water stresses. Wricke’s ecovalence, Eberhart-Russell and AMMI stability models were employed to study yield stability. The genotypes and watering regimes were arranged in RCB design in split-plot experiment. The study revealed maize hybrids having broad and specific responses to the studied environments with most genotypes showing consistent stability performance in the three models. Two of the 3 top-yielding hybrids showed relative stability whereas the third one exhibited specific adaptability to low yielding environments. It was concluded that yield stability could be better investigated if the varieties are purposely subjected to major factors affecting yield in a given domain. Different stability models were recommended to avoid limitations arising from using a single model.
RUSSIA'S FOREIGN POLICY DURING THE PRESIDENCYOF VLADIMIR PUTIN
Authors: AFANASYEVA E.V. , BITIEVA Z.R.
Published: January 2020

In this article, the authors consider the changes in the political life of Russia, its transformation during the presidency of Vladimir Putin. It was during this period that the Concept of Russias foreign policy was adopted and significant measures were taken to restore Russia as a strong power. At the same time, the authors provide a comparative analysis of the Concepts of 2000 and 2016, demonstrating the process of transformation of international relations.
ALIENATION OF INFORMATIONAS A POLITICAL AND LEGAL PROBLEM
Authors: DAVYDOV V.N.
Published: January 2020

Artificial intelligence at the service of espionage, covert control over dissent, invasion of citizens personal space and other negative effects (costs) of the digital revolution have attracted the attention of our regular author. The alienation of information and the encroachment on intellectual property that accompany global communications require not only improvements of international law, but also compensation of damage to the rights holders and creators of creative content.
FORMATION OF THE COMPOSITION ON THE RAILWAY TRACK WITH A DIFFERENT GAUGE
Authors: K.S. Kaspakbayev  , A.T. Serikkulova  , A.P. Karpov  , R.S. Ustemirova  , A.A. Asanov
Published: January 2020

At the present stage of development of the economy of Kazakhstan, the strengthening of international trade relations (including with foreign countries) is one of the main tasks of economic policy, the successful solution of which largely determines the result of the reforms implemented in the country. As a result of multiple couplers, uncoupling and replacement of wheeled carts, international trains at a station can be up to 3 hours losing travel time. At the beginning of the twentieth century, attempts were made to develop the technology of moving cars from one gauge to another, and vice versa. A more progressive way was the rearrangement of carriages of passenger and freight cars for different gauge widths in specially organized permutation stations of carriages at border junctions (PPV). For the timely formation of a competitive international transport corridor on the territory of Kazakhstan, it is necessary to foresee various options for solving existing problems, including those associated with train traffic on sections with different track gauges, including designs of a sliding wheelset from Kazakhstani specialists.
MONUMENTAL SCULPTURE OF KYRGYZSTAN IN 1990-2010
Authors: B.D. Budaichiev
Published: January 2020

The article deals with the development of the Kyrgyz monumental sculpture in 1990-2010. The high growth of this art form is primarily due to the active creative activity of the outstanding figure of the national artistic culture, sculptor TS. Sadykov, the author of such remarkable monuments as "Fighters of the Revolution". "Manas", "Victory" "El Kutu" ("Lights of the people") and the monument of B. Beyshenaliev and others. Thanks to his indefatigable organizational and social activities, care for the destinies and future of Kyrgyz art in the early 1990s, with the support of the President and the Government of the Republic, a higher educational institution, the National Academy of Arts of the Kyrgyz Republic, was opened for the first time. The works of the master's pupils - S. Azhiev, A. Usukeev, U. Sadykov, T. Mederov - are also considered.
THE VALUE OF INTEGRATION TRAINING (PHYSICS AND BIOLOGY) IN THE FORMATION OF SUBJECT COMPETENCES OF FUTURE TEACHERS OF BIOLOGY
Authors: N.A. Karasartova
Published: January 2020

The article deals with the integration content of the General course of physics and biology, as such training motivates students to form subject competencies. In contrast to traditional education , professionally-oriented physics course will help to deeply master special subjects , where many biological processes are explained by the laws and theories of physics.
FORMATION AND DEVELOPMENT OF MEDIUM AND SMALL BUSINESSES OF THE KYRGYZ REPUBLIC UNDER THE CONDITIONS OF THE EURASIAN ECONOMIC UNION
Authors: K.O. Bapaliev  , A.T. Mashaeva
Published: January 2020

This article analyzes the impact of the Eurasian economic Union on the formation and development of small and medium businesses in the Kyrgyz Republic in the new conditions.
Penerapan PHBS Kesehatan Gigi dan Gosok Gigi Massal
Authors: Najihah Najihah
Published: January 2020

Munculnya berbagai penyakit yang sering menyerang anak usia sekolah (6-10 tahun) ternyata umumnya berkaitan dengan Perilaku Hidup Bersih dan Sehat (PHBS). Beberapa anak menunjukkan perilaku yang tidak sehat seperti lebih suka menkonsumsi makanan yang tidak sehat yang tinggi lemak, gula, garam, rendah serat, meningkatkan risiko hipertensi, diabetes mellitus, obesitas dan sebagainya. Selain itu, ditemukan pula anak yang tidak menggosok gigi pada saat mandi dan sebelum tidur sehingga gigi mereka berlubang. Kondisi tersebut harus segera diantisipasi dengan meningkatkan pola hidup sehat melalui PHBS. Berdasarkan survei dan wawancara yang dilakukan kepada siswa di SD Negeri Bontojai di desa Bontokassi mengatakan tidak mengetahui cara menggosok gigi dengan baik dan benar. Program pengabdian masyarakat ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan pengetahuan dan derajat kesehatan siswa siswi di SD Negeri Bontojai dengan melakukan penyuluhan kesehatan gigi dan cara gosok gigi yang benar dan kegiatan gosok gigi massal. Penyuluhan PHBS Kesehatan Gigi dan Gerakan Gosok Gigi Massal efektif untuk mewujudkan pendidikan kesehatan untuk menanamkan nilai-nilai PHBS sehingga berpotensi sebagai change agent untuk mempromosikan PHBS baik di lingkungan sekolah, keluarga maupun masyarakat.
Deteksi Cemaran Escherichia coli Dalam Makanan Jajanan Pada Anak Usia Sekolah
Authors: Wulansari Nadya Treesna , Januraheni Ni Luh Putu
Published: January 2020

ABSTRAKKasus keracunan makanan masih marak terjadi dikalangan anak usia sekolah. Penyebab kasus ini salah satunya adalah kontaminasi makanan yang disebabkan oleh Escherichia coli (E.coli). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeteksi cemaran E.coli dalam makanan jajanan pada anak usia sekolah. Rancangan penelitian yaitu deskriptif cross sectional dengan total sampling makanan jajanan berjumlah 8 sampel yang dijual oleh pedagang kaki lima di lingkungan sekolah Wilayah Desa Joanyar, Kecamatan Seririt, Kabupaten Buleleng. Pemeriksaan dan penghitungan jumlah koloni E.coli dilakukan di UPT. Balai Laboratorium Kesehatan Provinsi Bali. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan 2 sampel makanan (25%) terdeteksi tercemar E.coli, sedangkan sisanya 6 sampel (75%) tidak terkontaminasi E.coli. Hal ini menujukkan sebagian besar makanan jajanan bebas dari cemaran E.coli. Pengenalan tentang pendidikan kesehatan terkait sanitasi dalam produksi hingga penjualan makanan sangat penting diberikan kepada penjual makanan jajanan. Selain itu, anak usia sekolah wajib memperhatikan pemilihan makanan jajanan yang lebih baik dan sehat untuk mencegah terjadinya penyebaran infeksi penyakitKata kunci : anak usia sekolah, Escherichia coli, keracunan makanan, makanan jajananABSTRACTCases of food poisoning still occurred among school aged children. One of the causes of this case is food contamination caused by Escherichia coli (E.coli). This study aims to detect E.coli contamination in snacks in school aged children. This study employed a cross sectional descriptive. There were 8 street vendors at schools in Joanyar Village, Seririt District, Buleleng Regency as the samples which were taken by using total sampling technique. The Examination and calculation of the number of E. coli colonies were carried out at the UPT. Balai Laboratorium Kesehatan Provinsi Bali. The results showed that 2 food samples (25%) were detected to be contaminated by E. coli, while the remaining 6 samples (75%) were not contaminated by E. coli. This showed that most of the snacks are free from E.coli contamination. The introduction of health education related to sanitation in producing food sales is very important for snacks sellers. In addition, school aged children must pay attention in selecting better and healthier snacks to prevent the spread of disease infections.Key words : school aged children, Escherichia coli, food poisoning, snacks
ANALYSIS OF THE STRUCTURE AND DYNAMICS OF VERBAL FUNCTIONS FOR THE FIRST YEAR AFTER ISCHEMIC STROKE
Authors: Belaspova A V , Kadykov A C , Pryanikov I V , Pryanikova N I
Published: January 2020

The results of psycho-correction speech therapy are analyzed in dynamics in 78 patients with varying severity and various forms of speech disorders in the early and late recovery periods of ischemic stroke. The effectiveness of conducting classes during the stay of patients in a neurological hospital and the positive impact of these exercises in the inpatient period (outpatient classes, classes at home with a speech therapist and trained relatives) are shown. Patients who did not conduct speech recovery classes during the inter-stationary period showed a decrease in speech activity, in some even a negative dynamic.
REHABILITATION DIAGNOSIS IN THE PATHOLOGY OF THE MUSCULOSKELETAL SYSTEM USING CATEGORIES OF THE INTERNATIONAL CLASSIFICATION OF FUNCTIONING
Authors: Tsykunov M B
Published: January 2020

The World Health Organization recommends that the International classification Of Functioning (ICF) be used to assess the structure, function, activity and participation of the body. As a rule, the assessment of the state of the body is carried out using scales, but a large number of them does not always allow specialists to understand each other. The creation of a unified system, which will collect various tools for assessing the patient's condition, will provide serious assistance in the work of members of a multidisciplinary team in the process of medical rehabilitation. This will help in the formulation of rehabilitation diagnosis and in more accurate determination of rehabilitation potential. The dimension of a number of generally accepted scales to describe disorders of the musculoskeletal system does not coincide with the categories of ICF. The paper attempts to eliminate this contradiction. When describing a number of disorders that affect the function of the musculoskeletal system and are traditionally used in orthopedics, the category other or not described can be used. In the presented system of evaluation are given equal-weighted scale with the dimension adopted in the ICF. This system can be used as a basis for the preparation of medical rehabilitation programs and evaluation of their effectiveness.
Catheters for intermittent bladder catheterization, as a technical tool for rehabilitation of patients with neurogenic lower urinary tract dysfunction: issues of the organization of disabled providing
Authors: Kezina L P , Salyukov R V , Tishchenko G E
Published: January 2020

Bladder emptying dysfunction accompanies many neurological diseases. Such bladder dysfunction leads to the risk of serious complications developing which can negatively affect neurorehabilitation. The main method of treating neurogenic bladder emptying dysfunction is periodic catheterization. When periodic catheterization is going to be used, preference should be given to modern lubricant catheters with fixed hydrophilic coating. According to the law of Russian Federation, disabled people can receive such catheters for free as a technical tool of rehabilitation. The article discusses the law aspects of obtaining catheters for periodic catheterization by a disabled person with lower urinary neurogenic dysfunction.