bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A novel HPLC method for selexipag in human plasma and application to a prototype pharmacokinetic study
Authors: Ceylan Burhan , Tırıs Gizem , Kepekci Tekkeli S. Evrim , Önal Cem , Önal Armağan
Published: November 2023

A novel simple and cost effective HPLC technique was presented for the quantification of selexipag (SLP) in human plasma sample and the technique's applicability to a pharmacokinetic investigation. Chromatographic separation was achieved with C18 (5 µm × 4.6 mm × 150 mm) column, at 30 °C with isocratic elution, mobile phase composed of solution A (acetonitrile), and solution B (0.5% formic acid) (65:35 v/v) at flow rate 1.2 mL min−1. The linearity range is 10–150 ng mL−1. As sample preparation step human plasma was precipitated with acetonitrile and the detection was provided at 300 nm. The retention time is 8.20 ± 0.02 min. LOD is found to be 3.3 ng mL−1 for drug. The method was applied to the analysis of SLP in human plasma with good recovery as 97.83%. Validation of the studied methods was carried out according to EMA guideline. The new method applied on a prototype pharmacokinetic study by administration of 800 μg SLP to a healthy volunteer and parameters like AUC0–24, AUC0–∞, Cmax, tmax, and t1/2 were assessed.
Ser-en-un mundo racializado: Revisiones pos/de-coloniales para una fenomenología crítica y situada
Authors: Rodríguez Manuela
Published: November 2023

En este ensayo me propongo revisar la fenomenología del cuerpo merleaupontiana desde una perspectiva posdecolonial que retoma la idea de esquema histórico y epidérmico racial de Fanon. El objetivo es contribuir a una fenomenología crítica y situada que permita abordar lo racial como encarnación de ciertas disposiciones subjetivas —que son a la vez capacidades e inhibiciones— posibles de ser desestabilizadas. Esto, teniendo en cuenta que un estudio detallado de la manera en que se estructura la subjetividad en los contextos poscoloniales aportaría herramientas heurísticas útiles para el análisis de procesos actuales de re-etnización y racialización.
Leyendo Los días de la peste (2017) en tiempos del COVID-19: Conversaciones con Edmundo Paz Soldán
Authors: Valle Padilla Karla , Sedeño-Guillén Kevin
Published: November 2023

Esta entrevista es el resultado del conversatorio virtual pre-inaugural de Crítica práctica/práctica crítica: un coloquio 2021, titulado “Leyendo Los días de la peste (2017) en tiempos del COVID-19: conversaciones con Edmundo Paz Soldán”. Constituye una versión abreviada de la conversación sostenida con el escritor y profesor Edmundo paz Soldán, como Primer Escritor invitado de este evento.
The Hrk1 kinase is a determinant of acetic acid tolerance in yeast by modulating H+ and K+ homeostasis
Authors: Antunes Miguel , Kale Deepika , Sychrová Hana , Sá-Correia Isabel
Published: November 2023

Acetic acid-induced stress is a common challenge in natural environments and industrial bioprocesses, significantly affecting the growth and metabolic performance of Saccharomyces cerevisiae. The adaptive response and tolerance to this stress involves the activation of a complex network of molecular pathways. This study aims to delve deeper into these mechanisms in S. cerevisiae, particularly focusing on the role of the Hrk1 kinase. Hrk1 is a key determinant of acetic acid tolerance, belonging to the NPR/Hal family, whose members are implicated in the modulation of the activity of plasma membrane transporters that orchestrate nutrient uptake and ion homeostasis. The influence of Hrk1 on S. cerevisiae adaptation to acetic acid-induced stress was explored by employing a physiological approach based on previous phosphoproteomics analyses. The results from this study reflect the multifunctional roles of Hrk1 in maintaining proton and potassium homeostasis during different phases of acetic acid-stressed cultivation. Hrk1 is shown to play a role in the activation of plasma membrane H+-ATPase, maintaining pH homeostasis, and in the modulation of plasma membrane potential under acetic acid stressed cultivation. Potassium (K+) supplementation of the growth medium, particularly when provided at limiting concentrations, led to a notable improvement in acetic acid stress tolerance of the hrk1∆ strain. Moreover, abrogation of this kinase expression is shown to confer a physiological advantage to growth under K+ limitation also in the absence of acetic acid stress. The involvement of the alkali metal cation/H+ exchanger Nha1, another proposed molecular target of Hrk1, in improving yeast growth under K+ limitation or acetic acid stress, is proposed.
Difficulty of Professional Activities Subjectively Perceived by Slovak Primary Education Teachers
Authors:   Matej Bel University, Slovakia, Babiaková Simoneta , Brozmanová Monika ,   Matej Bel University, Slovakia, Kasáčová Bronislava ,   Matej Bel University, Slovakia
Published: November 2023

The study presents the results of a partial investigation of the demandness of working activities as perceived by primary education teachers. It follows up on broader research contexts and is part of the VEGA 1/0415/22 project. The study presents correlations between teachers’ working activities being perceived as the highest load and the length of their teaching experience, age, and school location. The research results show statistical significance between mental and physical loads of activities. Activities with the highest load are: dealing with problem situations and pupil conflicts and individual care of pupils with special educational needs – SEN.
Waste management policies and impact of landfill diversion goals in gas-to-energy recovery
Authors: Galavote Tânia , Yamane Luciana Harue , Cano Nathalia Silva de Souza Lima , Chaves Gisele de Lorena Diniz , Siman Renato Ribeiro
Published: November 2023

Despite electricity generated from landfill gas (LFG) being widely studied, information about the effect over time of dynamic changes in the waste composition caused by diversions of municipal solid waste (MSW) remains scarce. Thus, this paper evaluates the impact of policy targets for diversion of MSW on energy production from LFG recovery. A system dynamics (SD) model is proposed based on the LandGem model to quantify the LFG generation. The results show that dry recyclable materials diversion is a favourable measure that increases LFG generation, while organic waste diversion measures have the opposite effect, which directly affects energy generation. Diverting 5–20% of organic waste would still allow 10% higher electricity generation coming from LFG recovery than most landfills in Brazil. The cost–benefit analysis indicated the feasibility of LFG-to-energy projects under the different diversion targets and their contribution to mitigating equivalent carbon dioxide emissions. In addition to an academic contribution to waste management studies by using SD, this paper aids decision making for landfill energy generation projects concerning the impact of policies aiming to divert dry recyclable and organic waste from landfilling to recycling.
A new species of Nimboa Navás, 1925 from Madagascar (Neuroptera: Coniopterygidae)
Authors: Sziráki György
Published: November 2023

Nimboa benyovszkyi sp. nov. (Neuroptera: Coniopterygidae) is described on the basis of 30 male specimens collected in the frame of the Madagascan Project of the Californian Academy of Sciences (CAS). The newly described species is the second representative of the genus from Madagascar.
FORMULATIONS FOR WOOD PROCESSING BASED ON TEBUCONAZOLE
Authors: Mryasova L. M. , Zemchenkova G. K. , Kuznetsova G. M. , Garifullina N. A. , Balakireva S. V. , Kuznetsov V. O. , Grigoreva D. A.
Published: November 2023

The article is devoted to the urgent problem of protecting wood materials from biological damage.

Aim of research is development of a complex pesticide preparation for the protection of wood materials with fungicidal and bactericidal activity.

The experiments were carried out in accordance with State Standard 12044-93 «Agricultural Seeds. Methods for Determination of Diseases Infestation» in Petri dishes.

The proposed pesticide preparations exhibit high fungicidal and bactericidal activity against: Xanthomonas spp., Fuzarrium gulmorum, Alterrnaria alternate and Helmintosporium sativum in comparison with the standard, as which tebuconazole was used.

The developed preparations are recommended for wood product protection from bio-damage, since the pathogens studied are characteristic of both wood materials and grain crops.
Editorial: Environmental and Energy Law – Willemien du Plessis
Authors: Du Plessis Anel , Kotze Louis
Published: November 2023

Not applicable
Prison Personnel in the Colony of Natal from circa 1850 to the Prison Reform Commission of 1905-1906
Authors: Swanepoel Paul
Published: November 2023

White colonial ideology was produced as a result of the fractured nature of the relations – social, political and economic – between black and white in the colony of Natal. Apart from the racial tensions between warders and prisoners of different races, tensions within the colonial edifice itself – particularly between police officers and gaol officials – reveal deep divisions within the colonial state. The article is primarily based on material housed in the Pietermaritzburg Archives Repository; some quotations from The Black Peril by an imprisoned journalist, George Webb Hardy, have also been included.
A letter to my colleague and friend: Willemien du Plessis
Authors: Du Plessis Anel
Published: November 2023

Not applicable
South African Environmental Law and Political Accountability: Local Councils in the Spotlight
Authors: Ngcobo Nonhlanhla
Published: November 2023

The world is facing an environmental crisis threatening human and non-human existence. Various actors are responding to this crisis, including politicians, international non-governmental organisations, transnational organisations and scientific communities. Municipalities are governing entities in cities and are deemed critical actors to help respond at a sub-national level to the global environmental crisis. In terms of sections 151(2) and 156(1) of the Constitution of the Republic of South Africa, 1996 (the Constitution) municipal councils have executive and legislative authority over local environmental governance (LEG) matters listed in Schedules 4B and 5B of the Constitution, thus making municipal councils the highest South African authority with legal and political powers in local communities. This article uses the constitutions, policies, and manifestos of political parties active in the local government sphere to ascertain the role of political parties in (local) environmental governance. The aim of this inquiry is to investigate how political parties in South Africa conceive of their accountability in the environmental governance context. The assumption is that unless councillors are politically inclined and are expressly expected at party level to pursue ecologically sustainable development, municipalities will not be able to fulfill their role in the urgently needed transition. The article finds that municipal councils are accountable for environmental governance and should improve on thisnresponsibility. The accountability should start with parties making explicit environmental commitments and holding their councillors accountable for failing to fulfil them.
Laudatio opgedra aan Willemien du Plessis
Authors: Olivier Nic
Published: November 2023

Laudatio dedicated to Willemien du Plessis.
A case report of tubular apocrine adenoma of lower eyelid
Authors: Michele Altieri , F Giacomelli , L Anselmi
Published: November 2023

Moll glands are sweat apocrine glands close to the eyelid margin. Tumors derived from Moll glands are rare, although Moll glands cysts are frequent. They originate from their glandular tissue or tubules. In this report we present a rare case of a lower eyelid skin tubular apocrine adenoma occurred in the right eye lower eyelid of a caucasian 45 year old woman. The lesion was nodular and dome shaped and its size was 1.5 × 3.5 × 2 mm. After a complete excision the lesion was analyzed by our pathology unit. Histologic sections were stained with haematoxylin and eosin, alcian blue, periodic acid-Schiff (PAS). Additionally, the following immunohistochemical markers were used: cytokeratin 7 (CK7), cytokeratin 8/18 (CK8/18), cytokeratin 20 (CK20), S-100 protein and gross cystic disease protein 15 (GCDFP-15) (4,5). The immunohistochemical and phenotypic features resulted suggest the diagnosis of lower eyelid tubular apocrine adenoma probably originated from Moll glands. These findings allowed us to diagnose a very rare and benign cutaneous lesion of eyelid skin.
Chitosan: A promising plant stimulant
Authors: Walled Fouad Abobatta
Published: November 2023

Chitosan is a natural polymer produced from the cell walls of fungi and the exoskeleton of crustaceans. Chitosan has exceptional qualities, such as non-toxicity, biodegradability, biocompatibility, affordability, and its capacity to function as a proteinase inhibitor by way of the formation of phytoalexin. Furthermore, positive ionic charges on the chitosan molecule increase plant immunity and defense systems against pathogens, promote plant growth, and increase yield. Chitosan plays a significant role, particularly in reducing adverse effects of abiotic stress like salinity and drought, by affecting the formation of Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) such as proline, antioxidant enzyme activities, and total soluble sugars, which reverse the adverse effects of stress, improve the initiation of the antioxidant system, and increase photosynthesis, consequently improving plant growth and yield. Furthermore, chitosan treatment could suppress virus infections regardless of virus types as well as plant species. There are numerous physiological responses to chitosan application to improve plant immunity and defense systems, such as the synthesis of antioxidant enzymes to enhance plant resistance against pathogens, particularly fungi and bacterial infections. There are numerous benefits to chitosan, including inducing defense genes in numerous species, improving salt tolerance, enhancing plant growth under abiotic stress, improving germination parameters, increasing seedlings’ survival, and consequently, improving plant resistance to pathogen infection, increasing tolerance to abiotic stress, and improving plant growth and productivity. Furthermore, it extends the shelf life and improves the fruit quality of numerous fruits when used as a coating film.
Genetic variability, traits interactions, and principal component analysis of broad-leaf mustard group (Brassica juncea L.) to focus on the yield improvement
Authors: Md Mahmudul Hasan Khan , BC Kundu , Suprio Ghosh , Gazi Nazmul Hasan , Md Rashidul Hasan Anik , Md Mainul Islam , Mst Shamima Yesmin , Nasira Akter , Krisna Chandra Saha , Md Torikul Islam
Published: November 2023

Mustard (Brassica spp.), one of the most important oilseed crops, is currently the third-largest source of vegetable oil in the world. In Rabi, 2022–2023 at the Regional Agricultural Research Station (RARS), Barishal, research of Brassica juncea L. was carried out with 10 genotypes to assess yield and yield contributing features. The RCBD design for the experiment included three replications. Plant height, the number of primary branches, the number of secondary branches, and the number of seeds per siliqua were the characteristics for which the analysis of variance findings indicated that there were very significant differences. Using the UPGMA cluster analysis, four distinct clusters were found among the analyzed accessions. Cluster II obtained the most accessions (7), averaging 1765.28 kgha-1, representing 25.20% of the average group mean yield. A correlation study focuses on the highly significant and positive correlation between a crop’s associated features and its yield. The overall amount of variance was found to be 46.18% for PC1 and 17.61% for PC2 using Principal Component Analysis (PCA). Maturity duration ranged from 106-110 days while the 50% flowering period varied from 43-46 days. Seed yield ranged from 1463 to 1970 kgha-1 and BJ-11536(12)-1 produced the highest yield among the genotypes. Which was it produced 23.58% and 20.41% higher yields than check varieties BARI Sarisha-11 and BARI Sarisha-19, respectively. The second highest yield was recorded from BJDH-05 which produced 18.90% and 15.85% higher yield over the check varieties BARI Sarisha-11 and BARI Sarisha-19, respectively. The lowest seed yield (1463 kgha-1) was obtained from the entry BJ-53611(12)-8. Based on, statistical analysis considering seed yield and other yield contributing characters, four lines BJ-11536(12)-1, BJDH-05, BJDH-20, BJ-11536(12)-5, and BJ-1110(12)-1 were noted as high-yielding accessions and could be used for future breeding program.
Novel Object Recognition Test v1
Authors: Lorente Picón Marina
Published: November 2023

Novel Object Recognition Test for mice
Closed-chamber hydroponics for whole-plant phenotyping v1
Authors: Ginzburg Daniel
Published: November 2023

Noninvasive phenotyping can quantify dynamic plant growth processes at higher temporal resolution than destructive phenotyping and can reveal phenomena that would be missed by end-point analysis alone. Additionally, whole-plant phenotyping can identify growth conditions that are optimal for both above- and below-ground tissues. However, noninvasive, whole-plant phenotyping approaches available today are generally expensive, complex, and non-modular. We developed a low-cost and versatile approach to non-invasively measure whole-plant physiology over time by growing plants in isolated hydroponic chambers. We demonstrate the versatility of our approach by measuring whole-plant biomass accumulation, water consumption, and water use efficiency every two days on unstressed and osmotically-stressed sorghum cultivars. Our system can be implemented using cheap, basic components and requires no specific technical expertise. It can, in theory, be used for any non-aquatic vascular plant species.
Hydrodynamic behavior of resonant chamber of an oscillating column of water for Pacific Ocean conditions
Authors: Parra-Quintero Juan David , Rubio-Clemente Ainhoa , Chica-Arrieta Edwin Lenin
Published: November 2023

Wave energy converters (WEC) may be a promising option for extracting the energy available in the sea and oceans in a clean way. The oscillating water column (OWC) is one of the most applicable and well-known WEC systems. In this paper, computational fluid dynamics (CFD) using ANSYS-Fluent software is employed to numerically simulate an OWC at the shore adapted to Pacific Ocean conditions, Reynolds averaged Navier Stokes (RANS) equations are solved through the software in two dimensions (2D). The laminar viscosity model and the Volume of Fluid (VOF) scheme are used for the fluid modeling and the description of the water-air interface, respectively. The waves are generated using Stokes second order nonlinear theory by directly fitting as input the boundary condition as an open channel wave and the volume fraction parameters through implicit formulation. The maximum chamber efficiency and the mean free surface velocity of the water column for the studied geometry were 67.2% and 0.12m/s, respectively.
Diagnosis of myelodysplastic syndromes after cytotoxic therapy for acute myeloid leukemia in the era of molecular research, difficulties in risk stratification and choice of therapy: The first domestic case report and literature review
Authors: Shirin A. D. , Antipova A. S. , Baranova O. Yu. , Ibragimov A. M.
Published: November 2023

Diagnosis of secondary myeloid neoplasms (therapy-related myeloid neoplasms) associated with therapy of solid tumors, in most cases, is not associated with significant difficulties. The problem is the diagnosis of secondary myelodysplastic syndromes after the treatment of acute myeloid leukaemias. The complexity of early diagnosis of secondary myelodysplastic syndromes is due to the differentiation of this nosology and the early recurrence of previous acute myeloid leukemia and, as a result, the difficulties of prognosis and risk stratification for therapeutic management. The relevance of this problem is explained by the rare case reports. Making the diagnosis of secondary myelodysplastic syndrome, in our opinion, can be based on the absence of a connection of cancer cell clone with the first (previous) disease in a molecular study. In this publication, we describe the first domestic case report of myelodysplastic syndrome diagnosed after chemotherapy for acute myeloid leukemia, based on differences in cytomorphology, immunophenotyping and molecular research. we interpreted the prognosis as favorable and prescribed appropriate treatment.
ANALYSIS OF MAGNETIC ANISOTROPY OF ROCK SAMPLES FROM THE POLIGON OF THE KRIVORIZKA EXTREMELY DEEP WELL
Authors:   Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Kyiv, Ukraine, BEZRODNA Iryna , BEZRODNY Dmytro ,   Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Kyiv, Ukraine
Published: November 2023

Understanding the reasons and principles of anisotropy of geological rocks opens the way to assess geodynamic processes in regions, enables to track changes of geological factors that form them, provides information about the structure and directions of the dynamics of geological rocks and etc. The aim of this study is the investigation of the nature of magnetic anisotropy of a collection of 26 samples that were taken from the well "Suputnyk-2" (490–2720 m) of the Kryvorizka extremely deep well. The samples consist of the following rocks: biotite schists, gneisses, ferruginous quartzites, muscovite quartzites, microcline-plagioclase granites. The authors used equipment of the KLY-2 series to measure the magnetic susceptibility of samples having the shape of cuberhombic decahedron. The authors have performed primary processing of measurement results and calculation of anisotropy parameters in the ANIZO10 program. The following parameters were determined as a result of the analysis: value of magnetic susceptibility (χ); statistical value of the standard deviation; normal values of magnetic susceptibility along three axes; coefficients characterizing magnetic anisotropy (H1 – H6); magnetic inclination angle (D) and magnetic inclination angle (I). The authors performed an initial classification of rocks based on the practical data processing scheme. Analyzing the calculations based on the ellipsoid of magnetic susceptibility, four rock classes were obtained: the shape of a sphere (12 %), a flattened shape (46 %), triaxial (23 %) and a complex ellipsoid shape (19 %). This indicates the complex geological conditions where rocks from the well "Suputnyk-2" (490–2720 m) were formed. It is confirmed that the samples belong to the VІІ–X tectonofacies according to the authors' previous research. The authors have investigated the coefficient of differential magnetic anisotropy, such as acoustic anisotropy. According to the results of the calculations, it was established that samples with low magnetic anisotropy are only 3.8 % of the total number of samples. Highly anisotropic samples of the collection comprise 53.8 % of the total number. It indicates the variety of processes that affected the rocks during their formation. According to the previous research of the authors, the coefficient of acoustic anisotropy of the well samples also varies from 2.8 to 24.9 %. The symmetry of the acoustic tensor in the majority of rock textures is rhombic. The final step in comparing the research results of the parameters of acoustic and magnetic anisotropy involved a tectonofacial analysis of the obtained data. It was determined that both magnetic and acoustic anisotropy coefficients, calculated from their respective tensors, reflect changes in tectonofacial conditions during the formation of the studied rocks.
GEOCHEMICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF THE MAIN ORE COMPONENTS IN THE GOSHGARCHAY PORPHYRY-EPITHERMAL SYSTEM (LESSER CAUCASUS, AZERBAIJAN)
Authors:   Baku State University, Baku, Respublic of Azerbaijan, MANSUROV Mamoy
Published: November 2023

The article deals with the determining characteristics of ore elements in the Goshgarchay porphyry-epithermal system. The genetic and geochemical characteristics of the main ore components were studied, and close positive and negative relationships between pairs of elements were determined by correlation analysis on the selected elements. According to the results of the cluster analysis, the geochemical associations that allow the localization of the development area of mineralization at different stages of formation of the porphyry-epithermal system were analyzed. The following series of stable elements, which are typical for hydrothermal deposits, are distinguished among the ore elements of the host and ore-bearing intrusive rocks: Cu, Mo, Pb, Zn, Ag, Ni, Co, Mn, Ti, Cr, V, Sr, etc. This group of elements is considered to be the indicator elements of the copper-porphyry deposit within the porphyry-epithermal system. It has been determined that correlations between elements in copper-porphyry mineralization are characterized by a wide range of element impurities. It includes both chalcophile (As, Sb, Cu, Bi, Cd, Ga, In, Ge, Au, Ag, Te) and siderophile (Co, Ni, Mo, Fe, Cr) elements. The range of values of vertical geochemical zonality on individual sections of the deposit allows to assess the level of the erosion truncation of occurrences in the porphyry-epithermal system.
Proteomic predictors of preterm birth
Authors: Pachuliia Olga V. , Vashukova Elena S. , Illarionov Roman A. , Postnikova Tatyana B. , Maltseva Anastasia R. , Popova Anastasia K. , Kornyushina Ekaterina A. , Oganyan Kristina A. , Bespalova Olesya N. , Glotov Andrey S.
Published: November 2023

To date, the methods based on the detection of isolated biomarkers have been ineffective in predicting preterm birth. Probably, a reason for this is that these predictors are associated with any one link in pathogenesis and do not take into account another “scenario” for the pathological events. It is becoming increasingly clear that in order to improve the prediction of preterm birth, it is necessary to apply an approach that shall combine the acquisition of data on different biological levels of regulation.
Thus, the rapidly developing areas of genomics, transcriptomics, and metabolomics open up broad prospects for predicting preterm birth. These methods allow for not only measuring thousands of biomarkers in biological samples during pathology, but also evaluating biological changes that precede clinical manifestations. Meanwhile, a number of studies have demonstrated the leading role of proteins in all cellular reactions of the body, which has determined proteome-wide evaluation as one of the most promising areas of omic research. Proteomics can provide additional information about complex biochemical processes at the molecular level, the understanding of which is critical for predicting the various clinical phenotypes of preterm birth.
The studies presented in this literature review have shown promise in examining the maternal blood proteome to identify potentially effective predictors of preterm birth.
Nutritional status of children with severe forms of cerebral palsy undergoing surgical orthopedic treatment for spastic hip dislocation
Authors: Evreinov Vadim V. , Zhirova Tatiana A.
Published: November 2023

BACKGROUND:Protein-energy deficiency can affect the results and outcome of surgical treatment in children with cerebral palsy. An objective assessment of nutritional status before surgery can reduce the potential risk of complications by planning and adjusting the diet during treatment.
AIM:The aim of this study is to assess the relationship of nutritional status with diet in children with severe forms of cerebral palsy who underwent surgical orthopedic treatment for spastic hip dislocations.
MATERIALS AND METHODS:An observational, cross-sectional clinical study included 75 children with severe forms of cerebral palsy. Patients were divided into 2 groups — GMFCS IV and GMFCS V (Gross Motor Function Classification System).The nutritional status before surgery, the energy and nutritional value of the diet in the early postoperative period, the number of complications and the duration of hospitalization were assessed.
RESULTS:51% (38/75) of children had problems with the safety and effectiveness of food intake, 24% (18/75) deficiency of body weight was detected, 33% (25/75) had a deficiency of muscle mass, all patients had a lack of body fat. The nutritional composition of the diet in the early postoperative period was 1.5–2.2 times lower than the age norm, covering 62% of the required daily calorie requirement and 50% in liquid. The potential risk of postoperative complications (95% CI) was: 0—3.9% in the total sample, 0—6.8% in the GMFCS IV group, and 0—8.6% in the GMFCS V group.
CONCLUSIONS: 1. The preoperative nutritional status of patients with severe forms of cerebral palsy included in the study did not correspond to the parameters of children without neurological diseases and depended on the severity of motor disorders according to GMFCS. 2. Unbalanced nutrition in hospital conditions contributed to postoperative deficiency of nutrients, energy, fluid and required correction. 3. The potential risk of complications in the postoperative period in the examined children with severe forms of cerebral palsy and low trophological status ranged from 0 to 3.9 %.
Acute EBV mononucleosis in children of various ages hospitalized in the infectious hospital of the St. Petersburg State Pediatric Medical University in 2017–2020
Authors: Fedorova Anna V. , Sukhovetskaya Vera F. , Timchenko Vladimir N. , Vasilyev Andrey G. , Kaplina Tatyana A. , Bannova Svetlana L. , Barakina Elena V. , Chernova Tatyana M. , Subbotina Maria D. , Pavlova Natalia V. , Nazarova Anna N. , Bulina Oksana V. , Pavlova Elena B.
Published: November 2023

BACKGROUND: The problem of acute EBV-mononucleosis is one of the most urgent in pediatrics. In the structure of the incidence of infectious mononucleosis, the proportion of the child population is 70–80%, children 4–8 years old are more often ill. Maternal antibodies protect an infant only in the first months of life, primary infection may occur at 3 months of age, and a manifest form of acute EBV-mononucleosis may develop at 6 months of age.
AIM: The aim of the study was to analyze peculiarities of acute EBV-mononucleosis in children of different ages hospitalized in the infectious diseases hospital of the Saint Petersburg State Pediatric Medical University.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: The article presents data on 376 children aged 1 to 18 years with a diagnosis of Acute EBV mononucleosis, hospitalized in the period 2017–2020. In the infectious diseases department No. 1 of Saint Petersburg State Medical University. Etiological interpretation was carried out using ELISA (determination of IgM to VCA in the blood) and detection of EBV DNA in the blood by PCR.
RESULTS: In 89.6% of cases, the disease was of moderate severity. Acute onset of the disease was noted in 69.7% of cases, more often in children from 1 to 10 years old. Intoxication syndrome was observed with the same frequency in all age groups. Febrile fever was observed in 96.0% of patients. The syndrome of acute tonsillitis, lymphadenitis was detected in all patients. The phenomena of adenoiditis and hepatomegaly were more pronounced in younger children. Splenomegaly was recorded in 74.5% of cases, more often than hepatomegaly. Cytolysis syndrome was observed in every second child. In older age groups, there was a higher level of hyperenzymemia and a pronounced mononuclear reaction in the hemogram.
CONCLUSION: All the analyzed patients had a typical clinical picture of acute EBV mononucleosis with a characteristic syndrome complex. In most cases, the disease was of moderate severity, severe severity was recorded in 8.2% — mainly in older children. Involvement of the liver and spleen in the pathological process simultaneously took place in every second patient. In older age groups, there was a higher level of hyperfermentemia and a pronounced mononuclear reaction in the hemogram.
Cicatricial complications of respiratory papillomatosis surgical treatment at the department of Saint Petersburg State Pediatric Medical University clinical hospital in 2019–2021
Authors: Dmitrenko Valery V. , Pavlov Pavel V. , Verezgov Vyacheslav A. , Zakharova Maria L. , Breusenko Dmitry V. , Kuryanova Yulia A. , Kukushkina Olga E. , Gorkina Oksana K.
Published: November 2023

BACKGROUND: Respiratory papillomatosis requires combined treatment, adjuvant therapy and surgical treatment. Scarring complications often occur after surgical treatment.
AIM: To determine the frequency of cicatricial complications of surgical treatment of respiratory papillomatosis in children.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: A retrospective analysis of the medical histories of 49 children who received surgical treatment at the clinic of the Saint Petersburg State Pediatric Medical University for 3 years (from 2019 to 2021) was carried out. The data obtained were compared with the data of a meta-analysis conducted in 2022.
RESULTS: In the otolaryngological department of Saint Petersburg State Medical University from 2019 to 2021, 49 children aged 1 to 17 years — 25 boys and 24 girls — received surgical treatment. Primary papillomatosis was detected in 9 patients. The first surgical intervention was at the age of 2 years in 12 children (24.5%). Combined treatment was used: endolaryngeal removal of laryngeal papillomas with microsurgical instruments and administration of interferon alpha-2b in the postoperative period. Of the 49 patients, scarring was detected in 16 (32.6%). However, 29 patients were operated only at the Saint Petersburg State Medical University clinic — the percentage of cicatricial complications among them was 20.6%. 20 patients turned to the Saint Petersburg State Medical University clinic after treatment in other institutions — the percentage of cicatricial complications among them was 50%. Of all 49 children examined, scarring occurred in the vocal region in 10 children (62.5%), in the larynx — in 2 children (12.5%), in both departments in 4 children (25%). Scarring changes were not detected in the sub-vocal part of the larynx. The number of operations per year for each child ranged from 1 to 7, and for 3 years (from 2019 to 2021), the number of operations reached 20.
CONCLUSIONS: Scarring complications after surgical treatment of respiratory papillomatosis are quite common. It was revealed that the first surgical treatment is more often in the first 3 years of life. The choice of surgical technique affects the frequency of cicatricial complications, however, it is extremely difficult to avoid cicatricial complications as long as there is a need for surgical treatment.
Testing a new method for training medical doctors in percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy in palliative pediatrics
Authors: Gavshchuk Maksim V. , Orel Vasiliy I. , Bagaturiya Georgiy O. , Lisovskii Oleg V. , Prudnikova Maria D. , Kosulin Artem V. , Vasilieva Anastasia G.
Published: November 2023

The main problem in training pediatric surgeons and endoscopists in the technique of performing percutaneous gastrostomy is associated with its relatively rare use in children, which in turn leads to a lack of consistent clinical practice among specialists, while percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy (PEG) is considered the optimal method for correcting dysphagia in palliative pediatrics. A new method of training specialists in performing PEG in children is suggested. In an experimental operating setting, PEG procedures were performed on Chinchilla rabbits weighing 2.5–3.0 kg using a proprietary PEG placement kit with a 15 Fr tube size. Additionally, one PEG procedure was performed using reusable instruments and a 24 Fr Pezzer’s catheter, and four procedures were carried out with an 18 Fr Pezzer’s catheter using a specially developed tip for gastrostomy tube insertion. Flexible endoscopy with a 2.8 mm outer diameter, LED illumination, and an integrated visualization system was used for fibrogastroscopy. All stages of the procedure were practiced and studied through repeated repetitions. There was no significant difference in the technique of the procedure when applying PEG using a disposable proprietary kit versus using a Pezzer’s catheter with a special attachment. During the study, an original external fixation plate for securing the gastrostomy tube was developed and successfully used for 18 Fr Pezzer’s catheters. The size of the rabbits allows for training in all stages of PEG in pediatrics. The relative rarity of cases requiring gastrostomy in sick children hinders the training of PEG specialists. Theoretical training alone does not allow for acquiring the manual skills required to perform the procedure. Repeated performance of the procedure on animals enables the study of all stages of the operation, facilitates improvement of the technique, and the development of new devices and adaptations. The developed external fixation plate offers structural advantages compared to standard proprietary devices and will be in demand in clinical practice.
Analysis of the activities of the reproductive health protection system of children and adolescents of Saint Petersburg in 2020–2021
Authors: Ippolitova Marina F.
Published: November 2023

The quality of the reproductive potential of children and adolescents in St. Petersburg has not shown positive dynamics in the last decade. The reproductive health of this contingent is provided by the offices of an obstetrician-gynecologist for minors and a pediatric urologist-andrologist. They operate with varying effectiveness, both as independent structures and as subdivisions of adolescent reproductive health centers, more often on the basis of children's polyclinics or women's consultations. Analysis of monitoring data on conditions and volumes of medical services in the field of reproductive health of children and adolescents. The algorithm developed by the specialists of the City Center for Reproductive Health “Juventa” was applied based on the requirements of the procedures for providing medical care in the profile of obstetrics and gynecology, pediatric urology-andrology. The structure and scope of activities of reproductive health services for children and adolescents in different administrative districts of the city varies significantly. This is due to the disregard of uniform requirements stipulated by regulatory documents and the lack of a unified methodology for the formation of these services. In a situation of a steady increase in the number of visits, especially for preventive purposes, institutions demonstrate a different level of efficiency of their activities. Independent offices of an obstetrician-gynecologist for minors do not fully provide all aspects of reproductive health protection and are primarily focused on working with prepubescent children. Reproductive health centers are highly sought after and preferred for providing comprehensive medical, psychological and social assistance to adolescents. The structure of reproductive health services for children and adolescents in each administrative district of the city should be represented both by the offices of an obstetrician-gynecologist for minors, and necessarily by centers for the protection of adolescent reproductive health. An urgent task should be considered the formation of a system of professional training of gynecologists to work with children and adolescents.
Aspects of law enforcement practice of pharmacy organizations of maternity hospitals
Authors: Pokhvalenko Elisaveta V. , Zolotaryva Nataliya , Perelygin Vladimir V.
Published: November 2023

The effective measure for addressing the state demographic policy and public health tasks in preserving the health of mothers and newborns could be the enhancement of medical care delivery and the advancement of pharmaceutical activities in maternity hospitals. Throughout our study, we conducted a review of the available current and historical regulatory acts and documents regarding the organization of pharmaceutical activities in Russian maternity hospitals during the period 2013-2023. The subject of our investigation focused on therapeutic and preventive medical facilities by type of medical activity, including maternity hospitals. During the research, we presented and analyzed data on the medical activities of maternity hospitals, which inevitably determine the optimal range of finished and manufactured medicinal products under specific conditions, taking into account the age and health status of patients (mothers and children), which, in our view, should lead to the continuous improvement of pharmaceutical activities. We have concluded that solely based on calculated data and the current approach applied to enhancing efficient and adequate pharmaceutical activities, the present measures are insufficient. We propose for our readers to consider the presented topic and the findings of our research from different perspectives and encourage your participation in the discussion.
The effectiveness of parasternal blockade during coronary artery bypass grafting: a clinical case
Authors: Dzhopua Maksim  A. , Avetisian Vaagn A. , Ezugbaia Beka S. , Gruzdev Vadim E. , Koriachkin Victor A.
Published: November 2023

BACKGROUND: Regional anesthesia for aortocoronary bypass surgery have shown promise in achieving reduced perioperative pain, need for systemic opioids, and improved surgical outcomes. However, use of neuroaxial anesthesia in cardiac surgery remains controversial due to the lack of studies. Parasternal blockade is a simple, effective technique that can be applied after cardiac surgery.
CLINICAL CASE DESCRIPTION: This is a clinical case presenting the performance of bilateral parasternal blockade in the III–IV intercostal space using the «Single Shot» technique for a patient who underwent aortocoronary bypass surgery. Advantages of this technique are its ease of implementation, safety, and most importantly, effective distribution of local anesthetic in the parasternal interfascial space. This results in blockade of the anterior cutaneous branches of intercostal nerves from T2 to T6 that innervate the surgical area.
CONCLUSION: Parasternal blockade is a technically simple, affordable, and promising method for analgesia after aortocoronary bypass surgery. Multicenter studies are required to further evaluate the efficacy of parasternal blockade postcardiac surgery.
Self-adaptive Cooperation Scheme in a Parallel ACO Algorithm for Binary Combinatorial Problems
Authors: Prado-Rodríguez Roberto , González Patricia , Banga Julio R. , Doallo Ramón
Published: November 2023

The ant colony optimization (ACO) is widely used for combinatorial optimization problems, although it can suffer from fast convergence to local minima. In order to provide a versatile implementation of ACO, we present a parallel multicolony strategy with an improved cooperation scheme for binary combinatorial problems. Our proposal is based on a self-adaptive method, which assigns appropriate run-time cooperation levels to each problem based on its size and available computational resources. We evaluate this proposal with problems with different levels of cooperation and number of processes. All these configurations combined show its flexibility as a versatile solver for this type of problems
Mapping the Poverty Proportion in Small Areas under Random Regression Coefficient Poisson Models
Authors: Diz-Rosales Naomi , Lombardía María José , Morales Domingo
Published: November 2023

In a complex socio-economic context, policy makers need highly disaggregated poverty indicators. In this work, we develop a methodology in small area estimation to derive predictors of poverty proportions under a random regression coefficient Poisson model, introducing bootstrap estimators of mean squared errors. Maximum likelihood estimators of model parameters and random effects mode predictors are calculated using a Laplace approximation algorithm. Simulation experiments are conducted to investigate the behaviour of the fitting algorithm, the predictors and the mean squared error estimator. The new statistical methodology is applied to data from the Spanish survey of living conditions to map poverty proportions by province and sex, developing a tool to support policy decision making
Reinforcement and Homework Control for Children with ASD using a Mobile Application for Apple Watch
Authors: Vila-Muñoz Noé , Castro Paula ML , Dapena Adriana
Published: November 2023

The article shows the design and development of a pair of mobile applications for Apple Watch and iPhone devices to reinforce and control tasks for children with autism disorders. This work takes advantage of the possibilities of smartwatches, such as internet connectivity, access to biometric sensors and ease of communication with users, to improve their autonomy in carrying out everyday routines. The application has been designed taking into account the needs and characteristics of this group, collaborating with two non-profit organisations in the area of AI
Rationale and Design of a Scope 3 Capital Charge
Authors: Trevisani Davide , López José Germán , Kenyon Chris , Vázquez Carlos , Berrahoui Mourad
Published: November 2023

Climate change is caused by greenhouse gas emissions, and governments have introduced over seventy carbon pricing instruments (CPIs). Banks finance a significant fraction of global emissions, and many have committed to reduce their facilitated, or Scope 3, emissions to (net) zero by 2050. However, it is possible that governments will introduce a CPI impacting banks on their Scope 3 emissions earlier. Here we design a Scope 3 capital charge to make banks resilient against the possibility, albeit not certainty, that governments could introduce such a Scope 3 CPI. Based on interest rate swaps, our numerical examples are financially significant for counterparties with significant emissions. The contribution of this work is to provide a technical basis for banks to be sufficiently resilient
An Intelligent IoT Wearable for Monitoring and Preventing Asthma Attacks
Authors: García-Rivada Pablo , Fraga-Lamas Paula , Fernández-Caramés Tiago M.
Published: November 2023

Asthma is a chronic disease that affects the respiratory tract, inflicting coughing, wheezing and difficulty for breathing. In order to mitigate these problems, this paper introduces an IoT wearable that is able to monitor the state of an asthma patient: breathing frequency, heart rate and oxygen saturation level. It also detects parameters that may worsen the situation of the patient: temperature, humidity and presence of gas or particles. The system also notifies the patient when he/she has to take his/her asthma medication. The value of the parameters is shared in real time by Bluetooth and historic values are stored in a database. The system uses color-based indications to calculate the risk level. With this information, the user can detect an asthma attack before it happens. To illustrate how the system operates, asthma attacks were simulated, showing that the system is able to determine that the attack is happening based on the specified input parameters
Thiazole: A versatile pharmacophore moiety
Authors: Ghare Sakshi
Published: November 2023

In this review article Thiazole moiety and its use as versatile pharmacophore in medicines has been exemplified.