bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Exploring cumulative disadvantage in early school leaving and planned post‐school pathways among those identified with special educational needs in Irish primary schools
Authors: Carroll Eamonn , McCoy Selina , Mihut Georgiana
Published: June 2022

Reflecting the neglect of childhood disability in social stratification research, there is a notable dearth of research on the mechanisms underpinning disability differentials in educational outcomes. Drawing on rich longitudinal data collected at 9, 13 and 17 years as part of Ireland's ‘Growing Up in Ireland’ study, we look at the impact of special educational needs (SEN) identification in primary school on upper secondary outcomes. A bioecological framework and the Process–Person–Context–Time model allow us to understand how interactions with family, teachers, friends and school—as proximal processes—relate to early school leaving and post‐school planned pathways after accounting for personal and context characteristics. Overall, young people identified at age 9 as having SEN are at increased risk of early school leaving and are more likely to plan to attend further education and training, rather than higher education. However, after accounting for proximal processes and personal and context variables, students identified at age 9 as having SEN are no longer distinct in terms of secondary attainment and post‐school planning. Instead, these young people are more likely to experience forms of vulnerability that are important in shaping these outcomes. These key educational outcomes are strongly shaped by family and school‐related factors—both proximal processes and context characteristics—suggesting that efforts to support retention and pathway planning should be underpinned by an ecological understanding of young people's trajectories and the cumulative disadvantages they face.
Does financing strategy accelerate corporate energy transition? Evidence from green bonds
Authors: Benlemlih Mohammed , Jaballah Jamil , Kermiche Lamya
Published: June 2022

With energy transition becoming an urgent priority for companies worldwide, practitioners and policymakers are urging them to finance climate‐friendly projects. This paper investigates how the issuance of green bonds affects firms' carbon emissions and environmental performance. Our results show that green bond issuance significantly improves firms' overall environmental performance and their capacities to create new environmental technologies and processes. However, green bond issuance has a less clear effect on carbon emissions intensity and requires additional time (one or more years) before being able to improve the emissions intensity. Taken together, our study's findings clearly highlight the importance of green bonds in financing energy transition in the corporate sector and provide evidence to encourage policymakers to strengthen the legal framework relating to their issuance.
PDGFA‐associated protein 1 is a novel target of c‐Myc and contributes to colorectal cancer initiation and progression
Authors: Cui Hong‐Yong , Wei Wei , Qian Mei‐Rui , Tian Ruo‐Fei , Fu Xin , Li Hong‐Wei , Nan Gang , Yang Ting , Lin Peng , Chen Xi , Zhu Yu‐Meng , Wang Bin , Sun Xiu‐Xuan , Dou Jian‐Hua , Jiang Jian‐Li , Li Ling , Wang Shi‐Jie , Chen Zhi‐Nan
Published: June 2022

Background

The mechanism underlying colorectal cancer (CRC) initiation and progression remains elusive, and overall survival is far from satisfactory. Previous studies have shown that PDGFA‐associated protein 1 (PDAP1) is upregulated in several cancers including CRC. Here, we aimed to identify the cause and consequence of PDAP1 dysregulation in CRC and evaluate its role as a potential therapeutic target.

Methods

Multi‐omics data analysis was performed to identify potential key players in CRC initiation and progression. Immunohistochemistry (IHC) staining was applied to determine the expression pattern of PDAP1 in CRC tissues. Pdap1 conditional knockout mice were used to establish colitis and CRC mouse models. RNA sequencing, a phosphoprotein antibody array, western blotting, histological analysis, 5‐bromo‐2′‐deoxyuridine (BrdU) incorporation assay, and interactome analysis were applied to identify the underlying mechanisms of PDAP1. A human patient‐derived xenograft (PDX) model was used to assess the potential of PDAP1 as a therapeutic target.

Results

PDAP1 was identified as a potential key player in CRC development using multi‐omics data analysis. PDAP1 was overexpressed in CRC cells and correlated with reduced overall survival. Further investigation showed that PDAP1 was critical for the regulation of cell proliferation, migration, invasion, and metastasis. Significantly, depletion of Pdap1 in intestinal epithelial cells impaired mucosal restitution in dextran sulfate sodium salt‐induced colitis and inhibited tumor initiation and growth in colitis‐associated cancers. Mechanistic studies showed that c‐Myc directly transactivated PDAP1, which contributed to the high PDAP1 expression in CRC cells. PDAP1 interacted with the juxtamembrane domain of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and facilitated EGFR‐mitogen‐activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling activation, which resulted in FOS‐related antigen 1 (FRA‐1) expression, thereby facilitating CRC progression. Notably, silencing of PDAP1 could hinder the growth of patient‐derived xenografts that sustain high PDAP1 levels.

Conclusions

PDAP1 facilitates mucosal restitution and carcinogenesis in colitis‐associated cancer. c‐Myc‐driven upregulation of PDAP1 promotes proliferation, migration, invasion, and metastasis of CRC cells via the EGFR‐MAPK‐FRA‐1 signaling axis. These findings indicated that PDAP1 inhibition is warranted for CRC patients with PDAP1 overexpression.
Associating transcriptomics data with inflammatory markers to understand tumour microenvironment in hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Bahcivanci Basak , Shafiha Roshan , Gkoutos Georgios V. , Acharjee Animesh
Published: June 2022

Background

Liver cancer is the fourth leading cause of cancer‐related death globally which is estimated to reach more than 1 million deaths a year by 2030. Among liver cancer types, hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) accounts for approximately 90% of the cases and is known to have a tumour promoting inflammation regardless of its underlying aetiology. However, current promising treatment approaches, such as immunotherapy, are partially effective for most of the patients due to the immunosuppressive nature of the tumour microenvironment (TME). Therefore, there is an urgent need to fully understand TME in HCC and discover new immune markers to eliminate resistance to immunotherapy.

Methods

We analyse three microarray datasets, using unsupervised and supervised methods, in an effort to discover signature genes. First, univariate, and multivariate, feature selection methods, such as the Boruta algorithm, are applied. Subsequently, an optimisation procedure, which utilises random forest algorithm with three dataset pairs combinations, is performed. The resulting optimal gene sets are then combined and further subjected to network analysis and pathway enrichment analysis so as to obtain information related to their biological relevance. The microarray datasets were analysed via the MCP‐counter, CIBERSORT, TIMER, EPIC, and quanTIseq deconvolution methods and an estimation of cell type abundances for each dataset sample were identified. The differences in the cell type abundances, between the adjacent and tumour sample groups, were then assessed using a Wilcoxon Rank Sum test (p‐value < 0.05).

Results

The optimal gene signature sets, derived from each of the data pairs combination, achieved AUC values ranging from 0.959 to 0.988 in external validation sets using Random Forest model. CLEC1B and PTTG1 genes are retrieved across each optimal set. Among the signature genes, PTTG1, AURKA, and UBE2C genes are found to be involved in the regulation of mitotic sister chromatid separation and anaphase‐promoting complex (APC) dependent catabolic process (adjusted p‐value < 0.001). Additionally, the application of deconvolution algorithms revealed significant changes in cell type abundances of Regulatory T (Treg) cells, M0 and M1 macrophages, and T CD8+ cells between adjacent and tumour samples.

Conclusion

We identified ECM1 gene as a potential immune‐related marker acting through immune cell migration and macrophage polarisation. Our results indicate that macrophages, such as M0 macrophage and M1 macrophage cells, undergo significant changes in HCC TME. Moreover, our immune deconvolution approach revealed significant infiltration of Treg cells and M0 macrophages, and a significant decrease in T CD8+ cells and M1 macrophages in tumour samples.
Volatiles recovered in novel, diverse, and uncharacterized rice varieties
Authors: Beaulieu John C. , Grimm Casey C. , Obando‐Ulloa Javier M. , McClung Anna M.
Published: June 2022

Background and Objectives

There is interest in developing value added rice based products with enhanced nutritional value, however organoleptic properties are critical for product acceptance. Five diverse rice varieties, four of which were previously uncharacterized, were evaluated for volatile compounds in whole grain, milled rice, bran, and flour to determine compound differences that may affect flavor.

Findings

This is the first report of gas chromatography mass spectrometry volatiles recovered in Rondo (used for beverages and flour), Cahokia (a high protein brown rice), and two new pigmented bran varieties: Scarlett (red) and Tiara (purple) rice.

Conclusion

Tiara delivered some of the highest levels for five key aroma‐impact volatiles known in rice (heptanal, 2‐AP, 2‐pentyl furan, benzaldehyde, guaiacol), especially regarding those varieties with pigmented bran. Cahokia also delivered a high volatile load of several compounds that indicate possible postharvest shipping/handling oxidation in the paddy rice. Several compounds were identified that are associated with pleasant fragrances in other commodities.

Significance and Novelty

Five diverse rice varieties developed for specialty culinary and nutritional markets were characterized for 19 volatile compounds in whole grain and milled rice and their associated bran and flour. These volatiles may impact organoleptic properties influencing utilization of these varieties for future value added product development.
Molecular Magnetic Materials Based on {CoIII(Tp*)(CN)3}− Cyanidometallate: Combined Magnetic, Structural and 59Co NMR Study
Authors: De Siddhartha , Flambard Alexandrine , Xu Buqin , Chamoreau Lise‐Marie , Gontard Geoffrey , Lisnard Laurent , Li Yanling , Boillot Marie‐Laure , Lescouëzec Rodrigue
Published: June 2022

The cyanidocobaltate of formula fac‐PPh4[CoIII(Me2Tp)(CN)3] ⋅ CH3CN (1) has been used as a metalloligand to prepare polynuclear magnetic complexes (Me2Tp=hydrotris(3,5‐dimethylpyrazol‐1‐yl)borate). The association of 1 with in situ prepared [FeII(bik)2(MeCN)2](OTf)2 (bik=bis(1‐methylimidazol‐2‐yl)ketone) leads to a molecular square of formula {[CoIII{(Me2Tp)}(CN)3]2[FeII(bik)2]2}(OTf)2 ⋅ 4MeCN ⋅ 2H2O (2), whereas the self‐assembly of 1 with preformed cluster [CoII2(OH2)(piv)4(Hpiv)4] in MeCN leads to the two‐dimensional network of formula {[CoII2(piv)3]2[CoIII(Me2Tp)(CN)3]2 ⋅ 2CH3CN}∞ (3). These compounds were structurally characterized via single crystal X‐ray analysis and their spectroscopic (FTIR, UV‐Vis and 59Co NMR) properties and magnetic behaviours were also investigated. Bulk magnetic susceptibility measurements reveal that 1 is diamagnetic and 3 is paramagnetic throughout the explored temperature range, whereas 2 exhibits sharp spin transition centered at ca. 292 K. Compound 2 also exhibits photomagnetic effects at low temperature, selective light irradiations allowing to promote reversibly and repeatedly low‐spin⇔high‐spin conversion. Besides, the diamagnetic nature of the Co(III) building block allows us studying these compounds by means of 59Co NMR spectroscopy. Herein, a 59Co chemical shift has been used as a magnetic probe to corroborate experimental magnetic data obtained from bulk magnetic susceptibility measurements. An influence of the magnetic state of the neighbouring atoms is observed on the 59Co NMR signals. Moreover, for the very first time, 59Co NMR technique has been successfully introduced to investigate molecular materials with distinct magnetic properties.
A comprehensive review on the synthesis techniques of porous materials for gas separation and catalysis
Authors: Sharma Vikrant , Agrawal Ankit , Singh Omvir , Goyal Reena , Sarkar Bipul , Gopinathan Navin , Gumfekar Sarang P.
Published: June 2022

Intrinsic structural characteristics of porous materials have found significant applications in selective separation of gases and heterogeneous catalysis. While using porous materials for gas separation and catalysis, some of the challenging issues are the strength of catalytic sites, hydrothermal stability, crystalline order of solids, and selectivity. Researchers' ability to engineer the synthesis strategies rationally can help overcome technological challenges. In recent years, breakthroughs in porous materials are focused on developing different chemistries to control the pore architecture. This review focuses on recent advances made in synthesis strategies of porous materials and their impact on gas separation and catalysis applications. A significant part of this review is devoted to various synthesis methods, such as various types of templating methods, molecular layer deposition, sol–gel technique, and polymerization methods. Improvement in various catalytic reactions and gas separations due to different functionalization methods is also summarized. Lastly, we have discussed the applications of porous materials in the form of adsorbents and membranes in commercial processes. We hope that this review will serve as a quick reference for beginners who want to synthesize porous materials with control of pore structure.
Synthesis of gem‐Difluoroalkenes via Ni‐Catalyzed Three‐Component Defluorinative Reductive Cross‐Coupling of Organohalides, Alkenes and Trifluoromethyl Alkenes
Authors: Ma Teng , Li Xiao , Ping Yuanyuan , Kong Wangqing
Published: June 2022

Comprehensive Summary

gem‐Difluoroalkenes are considered ideal isosteres for metabolically susceptible carbonyl groups in modern drug discovery and medicinal chemistry. In addition, gem‐difluoroalkenes are used as versatile precursors for the synthesis of difluoroalkylated compounds and monofluoroalkenes. Therefore, a great deal of effort has been devoted to developing efficient methods for their preparation. The catalytic defluorinative functionalization of trifluoromethyl alkenes represents a useful strategy for the preparation of chiral gem‐difluoroalkenes. However, most of these catalytic processes are still essentially limited to two‐component defluorinative cross‐couplings to form single C—C bonds. Due to the challenge of controlling chemoselectivity in the carbon‐carbon bond forming events, three‐component defluorinative cross‐coupling involving multiple C—C bond formations has rarely been studied. We report a nickel‐catalyzed three‐component defluorinative reductive cross‐coupling of organohalides, alkenes and trifluoromethyl alkenes. A variety of electron‐rich and electron‐deficient alkenes, as well as aryl and alkyl halides can efficiently participate in the formation of three‐component cross‐coupling products. This reaction proceeds under mild conditions and exhibits excellent functional group compatibility without requiring a pendant chelating group, providing a variety of functionalized gem‐difluoroalkenes in good yields with excellent chemoselectivity.
DecreasedCD11c‐positive dendritic cells in the tumor microenvironment predict double‐hit/triple‐hit genotype and survival in diffuse large B‐cell lymphoma
Authors: Yuan Chang‐Tsu , Chuang Shih‐Sung , Cheng Pei‐Yuan , Chang Koping , Wang Hsuan , Tsai Jia‐Huei , Liau Jau‐Yu , Chou Wen‐Chien
Published: June 2022

Diffuse large B‐cell lymphoma (DLBCL) is the most common type of non‐Hodgkin lymphoma and is a potentially curable disease. However, it is heterogenous, and the prognosis is poor if the tumor cells harbor fusions involvingMYCandBCL2orMYCandBCL6(double‐hit [DH] lymphoma), or fusions involving all three genes (triple‐hit [TH] lymphoma). Fluorescencein situhybridization is currently the gold standard for confirming the presence of DH/TH genotypes. However, the test is laborious and not readily available in some laboratories. Germinal center B (GCB) signatures and dual expression of MYC and BCL2 are commonly used as initial screening markers (traditional model) in clinical practice. Our study proposes immunohistochemical markers for more conveniently and accessibly screening DH/TH genotypes in DLBCL. We retrospectively reviewed the clinical and pathological parameters of patients with DLBCL. We assessed the proliferative index, apoptotic index, and tumor microenvironment (TME), with regard to T cells and CD11c(+) dendritic cells, in formalin‐fixed paraffin‐embedded tissue. We then generated a decision tree as a screening algorithm to predict DH/TH genotypes and employed decision curve analysis to demonstrate the superiority of this new model in prediction. We also assessed the prognostic significance of related parameters. Our study revealed that GCB subtypes, a Ki67 proliferative index higher than 70%, and BCL2 expression were significantly associated with DH/TH genotypes. Decreased CD11c(+) dendritic cells in the TME indicated additional risk. Our proposed screening algorithm outperformed a traditional model in screening for the DH/TH genotypes. In addition, decreased CD11c(+) dendritic cells in the DLBCL TME were an independent unfavorable prognosticator. In conclusion, we provide a convenient, well‐performing model that predicts DH/TH genotypes in DLBCL. The prognostic significance of CD11c(+) dendritic cells in the TME might influence the classification and development of immunotherapy for DLBCL in the future.
Post‐neoadjuvant assessment of tumour budding according to ITBCC subgroups delivers stage‐ and regression‐grade independent prognostic information in intestinal‐type gastric adenocarcinoma
Authors: Jesinghaus Moritz , Herz Anna‐Lina , Kohlruss Meike , Silva Miguel , Grass Albert , Lange Sebastian , Novotny Alexander , Ott Katja , Schmidt Thomas , Gaida Matthias , Hapfelmeier Alexander , Denkert Carsten , Weichert Wilko , Keller Gisela
Published: June 2022

Tumour budding (TB) has been associated with adverse clinicopathological factors and poor survival in a plethora of therapy‐naïve carcinoma entities including gastric adenocarcinoma (GC). As conventional histopathological grading is usually omitted in the post‐neoadjuvant setting of GC, our study aimed to investigate the prognostic impact of TB in GCs resected after neoadjuvant therapy. We evaluated TB according to the criteria from the International Tumour Budding Consensus Conference (ITBCC) in 167 post‐neoadjuvant resections of intestinal‐type GC and correlated the results with overall survival (OS) and clinicopathological parameters. GCs were categorised into Bd1 (0–4 buds, low TB), Bd2 (5–9 buds, intermediate TB), and Bd3 (≥10 buds, high TB). Carcinomas with intermediate and high TB were significantly enriched in higher ypTNM stages and strongly associated with reduced 5‐year OS in univariable analyses (p < 0.001). In multivariable analyses including sex, age, resection status, UICC stage, and tumour regression grading, TB remained a stage‐independent predictor of survival (p < 0.001, hazard ratio Bd2: 2.60, Bd3: 4.74). The assessment of TB according to the ITBCC criteria provides valuable prognostic information in the post‐neoadjuvant setting of intestinal‐type GC and may be a considerable substitute for the conventional grading system in GCs after neoadjuvant therapy.
Re‐adjudication of the Trial Evaluating Cardiovascular Outcomes with Sitagliptin (TECOS) with study‐level meta‐analysis of hospitalization for heart failure from cardiovascular outcomes trials with dipeptidyl peptidase‐4 (DPP‐4) inhibitors
Authors: Scirica Benjamin M. , Im KyungAh , Murphy Sabina A. , Kuder Julia F. , Rodriguez Dolly A. , Lopes Renato D. , Green Jennifer B. , Ruff Christian T. , Sabatine Marc S.
Published: June 2022

Background

Trial Evaluating Cardiovascular Outcomes with Sitagliptin (TECOS) assessed the cardiovascular (CV) safety of sitagliptin versus placebo on CV outcomes in patients with type 2 diabetes and CV disease and found sitagliptin noninferior to placebo. Subsequently, based on feedback from FDA, the Sponsor of the trial, Merck & Co., Inc., engaged a separate academic research organization, the TIMI Study Group, to re‐adjudicate a prespecified set of originally adjudicated events.

Methods

TIMI adjudicated in a blinded fashion all potential hospitalization for heart failure (HHF) events, all potential MACE+ events previously adjudicated as not an endpoint event, and a random subset (~10%) of MACE+ events previously adjudicated as an endpoint event. An updated study‐level meta‐analysis of four randomized, placebo‐controlled, CV outcomes trials with dipeptidyl peptidase 4 (DPP‐4) inhibitors was then performed.

Results

After re‐adjudication of potential HHF events in the intent‐to‐treat population, there were 224 patients with a confirmed event in the sitagliptin arm (1.05/100 person‐years) and 239 patients in the placebo arm (1.13/100 person‐years), corresponding to a hazard ratio (HR) of 0.94 (95% confidence interval [95% CI]: 0.78–1.13, p = .49). Concordance between the outcome of the original adjudication and the re‐adjudication for HHF events was 82.7%. The meta‐analysis of CV outcomes trials with DPP‐4 inhibitors with placebo and involving 43 522 patients yielded an HR of 1.07 (95% CI: 0.83–1.39), with moderate heterogeneity (p = .45, I2 = 62.07%).

Conclusion

The results of this independent re‐adjudication process and analyses of CV outcomes from TECOS were consistent with the original adjudication results and overall study findings. An updated study‐level meta‐analysis showed no overall significant risk for HHF with DPP‐4 inhibitors, but with statistical heterogeneity.
Sex‐specific cannabinoid 1 receptors on GABAergic neurons in the ventrolateral periaqueductal gray mediate analgesia in mice
Authors: Jiang Zhenhua , Wang Qun , Zhao Jianshuai , Wang Jiajia , Li You , Dai Wei , Zhang Xiao , Fang Zongping , Hou Wugang , Xiong Lize
Published: June 2022

Sex differences in analgesic effects have gradually attracted public attention in preclinical and clinical studies. Both human and animal females are more sensitive to cannabinoid antinociception than males. Expression of the cannabinoid 1 receptor (CB1R) and the function of the endocannabinoid system have been explored in both male and female mice and CB1Rs in the ventrolateral periaqueductal gray (vlPAG) participate in antinociception. However, whether there are cell‐type‐ and sex‐specific patterns of vlPAG CB1R expression that affect analgesia is unknown. In the current study, we either activated or inhibited CB1Rs in the vlPAG and found that female mice produced stronger analgesia or developed more robust mechanical allodynia than males did. Specific deletion of GABAergic CB1Rs in the vlPAG promoted stronger mechanical allodynia in female mice than that in male mice. However, no sex differences in cannabinoid antinociception were found following chemogenetic inhibition of GABAergic neurons. Using fluorescence in situ hybridization, we found that the sex difference in cannabinoid antinociception was due to females having higher expression of GABAergic CB1Rs in the vlPAG than males. Furthermore, activation of CB1Rs in the vlPAG significantly reduced the frequency of GABA‐mediated spontaneous inhibitory postsynaptic currents recorded in vGlut2‐tdTomato positive neurons in both sexes. This effect was greater in females than males and this reduction was closely related to CB1R expression difference between sexes. Our work indicates that vlPAG GABAergic CB1Rs modulate cannabinoid‐mediated analgesia in a sex‐specific manner, which may provide a potential explanation of sex difference found in the analgesic effect of cannabinoids.
Local targets of T‐stellate cells in the ventral cochlear nucleus
Authors: Lin Lin , Campbell Jay , Oertel Donata , Smith Philip H.
Published: June 2022

T‐stellate cells in the ventral cochlear nucleus (VCN) are known to have local axon collaterals that terminate in the vicinity of their dendrites and cell bodies within the same isofrequency lamina in parallel with the auditory nerve fibers that innervate them. Excitatory synaptic connections between stellate cells within an isofrequency lamina are hypothesized to be involved in the nitric oxide‐mediated upregulation of T‐stellate responses to their auditory input. This could serve as a mechanism of variable gain control in the enhancement of responses to vowel spectral peaks. Previous studies have provided indirect evidence for these possible synaptic interconnections between T‐stellate cells, but unequivocal identification has yet to be established. Here, we used retrograde neuronal tracing with adeno‐associated viral vector or biotinylated dextran amine injected into the inferior colliculus (IC) to detect the postsynaptic target of T‐stellate cells within the VCN. We show that backfilled T‐stellate cell axons make monosynapatic connections on the labeled cell bodies and dendrites of other labeled T‐stellate cells within an isofrequency lamina. Electron microscopy revealed that T‐stellate terminals can also make synapses on structures not retrogradely labeled from the IC. Glycine antibodies combined with the viral labeling indicated that these nonbackfilled structures that the labeled T‐stellate terminals were synapsing on are most likely the cell bodies and dendrites of two size categories of glycinergic VCN cells, whose sizes and relative numbers indicated they are the D‐ and L‐stellate cells. These cells are known to provide inhibitory inputs back onto T‐stellate cells. Our data indicate that, in addition to their auditory nerve input, T‐stellate cells provide a second modulatable excitatory input to both inhibitory and excitatory cells in a VCN isofrequency lamina and may play a significant role in acoustic information processing.
Lenvatinib in multimodal therapy for unresectable radioactive iodine‐naïve differentiated thyroid cancer: A case report with literature review
Authors: Kim Hugh Andrew Jinwook , Nichols Anthony Charles , Rachakonda Ramanamurthy , Inculet Richard , Sathya Jinka , Rachinsky Irina , Winquist Eric
Published: June 2022

Background

Patients with unresectable or metastatic differentiated thyroid carcinoma (DTC) are rare and require individualized therapy. This may require approaches not typically used in resectable disease. We report a patient treated with lenvatinib and external beam radiation therapy.

Case

An 87‐year‐old woman presented with cT4N1aM1 papillary thyroid carcinoma with tracheal invasion. She was not a candidate for surgery, radioactive‐iodine, or radiation, so a trial of lenvatinib was offered. Her tumor showed clinical, biochemical, and radiological response after 5 months of lenvatinib, and she subsequently received external beam radiation. She enjoys good quality of life without evidence of cancer progression off therapy 21 months post‐initiation of treatment.

Conclusion

Lenvatinib may be effective in RAI‐naïve advanced DTC patients as a component of individualized multimodal therapy when conventional options are not feasible.
Co‐occurrence of JAK2 V617F‐mutated essential thrombocythemia and chronic lymphocytic leukemia harboring der(8;17)(q10;q10)
Authors: Manabe Masahiro , Tanizawa Nao , Nanno Satoru , Hagiwara Yuuji , Asada Reiko , Koh Ki‐Ryang
Published: June 2022

Background and Case

We herein present a case of the co‐occurrence of JAK2‐mutated essential thrombocythemia (ET) with chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) harboring the recurrent and rare whole‐arm translocation, der(8;17)(q10;q10). The co‐existence of lymphoproliferative neoplasms and myeloproliferative neoplasms is suggested to be a rare event. Under this condition, the lymphoproliferative disorder presents a clinically indolent course with a low‐risk biological profile. However, the present case showed aggressive disease progression, reflecting a poor prognostic factor; that is, the loss of 17p caused by the whole‐arm der(8;17)(q10;q10) translocation.

Conclusion

The present case report emphasizes the importance of considering the involvement of a genetically poor prognostic factor, regardless of the co‐occurrence of CLL and ET.
Multiclass recognition of AD neurological diseases using a bag of deep reduced features coupled with gradient descent optimized twin support vector machine classifier for early diagnosis
Authors: Velliangiri S. , Pandiaraj Shanthini , S Iwin Thanakumar Joseph , Muthubalaji S.
Published: June 2022

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is an advanced neurodegenerative disease of the brain that affects the nerve system of brain. Previously, several feature extraction and classification methods were discussed, but that methods provide high over fitting problem, which leads to minimization of detection accuracy. To overcome these issues, the multi class classification of AD diseases using bag of deep feature reduction technique and twin support vector machine classifier (TSVM) optimized with gradient decent optimizer is proposed in this manuscript for classifying the AD disease as severe AD, mild cognitive impairment, healthy control. At first, the input EEG signals are pre‐processed. To decrease the execution time and processing time with feature size, a bag of deep features reduction technique is used. The reduced feature signals are classified by optimized TSVM. The simulation process is implemented in MATLAB environment. The proposed model achieves higher accuracy 33.84%, 28.93%, 33.03%, 27.93%, higher precision 22.87%, 16.97%, 16.97%, and 36.97%, compared with the existing methods, such as piecewise aggregate approximation support vector machine (MCC‐EEG‐PAA‐SVM), convolutional neural network (MCC‐EEG‐CNN), conformal kernel‐based fuzzy support vector machine (MCC‐EEG‐CKF‐SVM), Pearson correlation coefficient‐based feature selection strategy with linear discriminant analysis classifier (MCC‐EEG‐ PCC‐LDA).
Mapping of stem rot resistance in peanut indicates significant effect for plant architecture locus
Authors: Agmon Sarah , Kunta Srinivas , Dafny Yelin Mery , Moy Judit , Ibdah Mwafaq , Harel Arye , Rabinovitch Onn , Levy Yael , Hovav Ran
Published: June 2022

Stem rot, caused by the Sclerotium rolfsii, imposes severe yield losses in peanuts (Arachis hypogaea L.) worldwide. Breeding for resistance is challenging because not enough is known about mechanisms for resistance. The goals of this study were to (a) evaluate the field resistance of recombinant inbred lines derived from a resistant × susceptible cross, (b) associate quantitative loci (QTLs), and (c) reveal potential mechanisms for resistance. Lines were inspected during 3 yr in field conditions. Plants were manually inoculated and rated for three parameters: disease level, number of damaged plants/center, and disease power. Significant effects were found for the lines and the environment in all three parameters. Heritability and year‐to‐year correlations were highly significant, suggesting a consistent response of the lines to the stem rot pressure. Quantitative trait loci mapping was performed based on a previously constructed genetic map. Overall, 20 significant QTLs were found for the resistance parameters, concentrating in four locations on chromosomes A07, A03, B03, and B05. Out of the four loci, three were reported in previous studies with different genetic backgrounds suggesting a wide effect. The B05 QTL was the strongest, with the phenotypic variation explained of 11.6–21.7%. Interestingly, this QTL is colocalized with a previously identified major locus for branching habit trait. An additional field trial performed on 14 lines found a significant branching habit effect, wherein bunch‐types lines were more resistant than spreading‐types, suggesting that plant architecture can be a possible factor influencing the infection rate of S. rolfsii on the field level.
Do foreign banks disclose corporate social responsibility practices more than their local counterparts? Empirical evidence of an emerging market context
Authors: Lui Tze Kiat , Zainuldin Mohd Haniff
Published: June 2022

This study examines the levels of corporate social responsibility disclosure (CSRD) between foreign and local banks in Malaysia by engaging the reconciliations of the stakeholder theory and resource‐based view. Additionally, independent directors, portrayed as unique internal resources, may affect the CSRD level. Using the panel data of 37 commercial banks retrieved over the period between 2010 and 2017, OLS and robust regressions revealed that the local banks disclosed more CSR information than their foreign banks' counterparts, and the increasing number of independent directors on the board produced lower CSRD. However, the interaction term offered new insight that the independent directors are acting as an effective resource for the foreign banks with a highly concentrated ownership environment. This gives a nuanced understanding of the proposed integrative theory to stimulate foreign banks' more social and environmental performances.
Efficient Catalytic Conversion of 5‐Hydroxymethylfurfural to 2,5‐Furandicarboxylic Acid over Ruthenium Cluster‐Embedded Ni(OH)2 Catalyst
Authors: Chai Xinyu , Jiang Kaiyue , Wang Jianying , Ren Zhouhong , Liu Xi , Chen Liwei , Zhuang Xiaodong , Wang Tianfu
Published: June 2022

5‐Hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) can be oxidized to 2,5‐furandicarboxylic acid (FDCA) for the production of biorenewable plastics to replace fossil resourced polyethylene terephthalate (PET). Development of a highly efficient electrocatalyst using renewable electricity as energy input is highly desired. In this work, Ru cluster‐embedded Ni(OH)2 nanosheets [Ru/Ni(OH)2] were synthesized and exploited as electrochemical catalysts for the conversion of HMF to FDCA. Ru/Ni(OH)2 exhibited significantly improved current density (40 mA cm−2 at 1.41 V vs. reversible hydrogen electrode) of over 7.7 times in comparison with Ni(OH)2, and nearly 100 % conversion degree for HMF and 98.5 % selectivity towards FDCA were obtained. Operando Raman experiments revealed the catalysis was facilitated by the interconversion between Ni3+ and Ni2+. Density functional theory calculations further revealed the effect of Ru clusters of Ni(OH)2, thereby promoting HMF adsorption capacity on Ni sites to boost HMF oxidation activity. This work provides a novel strategy using Ru clusters to modify earth abundant Ni based catalyst for HMF oxidation to obtain high‐value biomass‐derived products.
Improved read/write assist mechanism for 10‐transistor static random access memory cell
Authors: Abbasian Erfan , Gholipour Morteza
Published: June 2022

This paper presents a robust low‐power 10T SRAM cell (RLP10T) with a novel read/write assist mechanism, improving both read static noise margin (RSNM) and write static noise margin (WSNM) simultaneously. To assess its relative strength, we compared the proposed cell with recently published SRAM cells such as WRE8T, 10T‐P1, HFBS10T, WALP11T, and SE11T in 16‐nm CMOS technology node. The RLP10T cell shows 3.55/1.07 times higher/lower RSNM compared to the WRE8T/WALP11T cell and offers at least 1.10 times higher WSNM. Due to the presence of three series‐connected transistors in its read path, which includes a strong pull‐down transistor, the proposed design shows 1.23 times shorter read delay (TRA) than that of 10T‐P1/HFBS10T cell. The proposed cell incurs a penalty of high write delay (TWA) due to its long write path. However, it exhibits the fourth (second)‐best read (write) power, attributed to its single‐ended structure and lower read (write) frequency. It also dissipates acceptable leakage power due to its single‐bitline structure and the presence of stacked transistors in its read path and pull‐down path of one of the inverters in the cell core. Subjected to the severe process, voltage, and temperature variations, the RLP10T cell offers at least 1.31/1.09/1.03 times lower variability in RSNM/WSNM/TRA at VDD = 0.7 V, at the cost of 1.22 times area overhead compared to the WRE8T cell.
Acute promyelocytic leukemia: Immunophenotype and differential diagnosis by flow cytometry
Authors: Fang Hong , Wang Sa A. , Hu Shimin , Konoplev Sergej N. , Mo Huan , Liu Wei , Zuo Zhuang , Xu Jie , Jorgensen Jeffrey L. , Yin C. Cameron , El Hussein Siba , Jelloul Fatima Zahra , Tang Zhenya , Medeiros L. Jeffrey , Wang Wei
Published: June 2022

Background

Prompt diagnosis of acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) is critical for patient care. In this study, we aimed to characterize the immunophenotype of APL and explore immunophenotypic difference between APL and its mimics using flow cytometric analysis.

Methods

Eighty‐five cases were collected, including 47 APL, 26 NPM1‐mutated acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and 12 KMT2A‐rearranged AML with an APL‐like immunophenotype. Immunophenotypes were analyzed using flow cytometric analysis.

Results

APL showed four distinct patterns (designated a–d) based on CD45/SSC plots. Blasts in patterns a–c showed high side scatter, whereas blasts in pattern d had low side scatter and were located in the traditional blast gate. Compared with patterns a–c, pattern d of APL (APL‐D) was more often positive for CD2 (p = 0.0005) and CD34 (p = 0.0002) in blasts. All NPM1‐mutated AML and KMT2A‐rearranged AML cases with an APL‐like immunophenotype had blasts in the traditional blast gate on CD45/SSC, mimicking APL‐D. In comparison, uniform CD13 and positive CD64 were seen in 100% (n = 13) APL‐D cases and in only 2 of 26 (8%) NPM1‐mutated AML cases (p < 0.0001). In addition, APL‐D cases were more likely to be positive for CD2 and/or CD34 than NPM1‐mutated AML (p < 0.0001 and p = 0.0007, respectively). In comparison with APL‐D, KMT2A‐rearranged AML cases were less often positive for myeloperoxidase (MPO) (p = 0.001), with none being strongly positive. Similar to NPM1‐mutated AML and different from APL‐D, KMT2A‐rearranged AML cases were rarely positive for CD34 and all negative for CD2.

Conclusions

APL and its immunophenotypic mimics share some immunophenotypic similarities but can be distinguished by CD2, CD13, CD34, CD64, and MPO.
Enjoy July and take time to reflect
Authors: Hodges Dawn Z.
Published: June 2022

From my experience, July is the slowest month for academic affairs. Summer classes are in full swing and there are far fewer students than in fall or spring. Perhaps it's prudent to take advantage of the slower pace and have some fun.
Sudha Setty named dean of CUNY school of law
Authors: Elfman Lois
Published: June 2022

Attorney Sudha Setty is excited to return to New York City, where she attended Columbia Law School and started her legal career. Having been in academic law since 2006 and dean of Western New England University School of Law in Massachusetts since 2018, Setty had not envisioned a return to NYC, but the opportunity to lead a public interest law school proved irresistible. As of July 1, she will be the dean of the CUNY (City University of New York) School of Law, New York City's only publicly funded law school.
A new exploration toward adamantane derivatives as potential anti‐MDR agents: Design, synthesis, antimicrobial, and radiosterilization activity as potential topoisomerase IV and DNA gyrase inhibitors
Authors: Ragab Ahmed , Abusaif Moustafa S. , Aboul‐Magd Dina S. , Wassel Mohammed M. S. , Elhagali Gameel A. M. , Ammar Yousry A.
Published: June 2022

Developing novel antimicrobial agents has become a necessitate due to the increasing rate of microbial resistance to antibiotics. All the newly adamantane derivatives were evaluated for their antimicrobial activities against six MDR clinical pathogenic isolates. The results exhibited that 13 compounds have from potent to good activity. Among those, five derivatives (6, 7, 9, 14a, and 14b) displayed the potent activities against the different isolates tested (MIC < 0.25 µg/ml with bacteria and <8 µg/ml with fungi) compared with Ciprofloxacin (CIP) and Fluconazole (FCA). Additionally, the potent adamantanes showed bactericidal and fungicidal effects based on (MBCs and MFCs) and the time‐kill assay. The most active adamantane derivatives 7 and 14b exhibited a synergistic effect of ΣFIC ≤ 0.5 with CIP and FCA against the bacterial and fungal isolates. Moreover, no antagonistic effect appeared for the tested derivatives. Additionally, the interaction of DNA gyrase and topoisomerase IV enzymes with the compounds 6, 7, 9, 14a, and 14b exhibited potent antimicrobial activity using in vitro biochemical assays and gel‐based DNA‐supercoiling inhibition method. The activity of DNA gyrase and topoisomerase IV enzymes showed inhibitory activity (IC50) of 6.20 µM and 9.40 µM with compound 7 and 10.14 µM and 13.28 µM with compound 14b, respectively. Surprisingly, exposing compound 7 to gamma irradiation sterilized and increased its activity. Finally, the in‐silico analysis predicted that the most active derivatives had good drug‐likeness and safe properties. Besides, molecular docking and quantum chemical studies revealed several important interactions inside the active sites and showed the structural features necessary for activity.
A case report of olmesartan‐associated sprue‐like enteropathy: Diagnosis and healing confirmed by capsule endoscopy
Authors: Yamaguchi Yoshiharu , Miwa Takahiro , Murakami Ryo , Sugimura Akane , Yamamoto Kazuhiro , Sugiyama Tomoya , Tamura Yasuhiro , Izawa Shinya , Ebi Masahide , Funaki Yasushi , Ogasawara Naotaka , Sasaki Makoto , Kasugai Kunio
Published: June 2022

Herein, we describe a case of olmesartan‐related sprue‐like enteropathy in which improvement in villous atrophy was confirmed by small‐bowel capsule endoscopy (CE). We successfully treated a 66‐year‐old man with a chief complaint of loose diarrhea. The patient had persistent watery diarrhea 10 times a day and experienced a weight loss of 9 kg in 3 months. An abdominal computed tomography scan showed fluid retention in the small intestine. Blood test results revealed no inflammatory reaction. Esophagogastroduodenoscopy detected villous atrophy in the stomach and duodenum. Moreover, small‐bowel CE showed villous atrophy in about two‐thirds of the small intestine. Based on other examinations, hyperthyroidism, intestinal tuberculosis, intestinal amyloidosis, and intestinal malignant lymphoma were ruled out. Therefore, the patient was suspected of having an olmesartan‐related sprue‐like disease. Early after discontinuation of medication, diarrhea symptoms improved, and a repeat CE indicated improvements in small intestinal villous atrophy. Since the patient had been administered olmesartan for a long time and CE showed villous atrophy throughout the small bowel, we suspected him of having the olmesartan‐associated sprue‐like disease. The findings of gastric mucosa atrophy on esophagogastroduodenoscopy may lead to an early diagnosis of this disease. Olmesartan‐related sprue‐like enteropathy should be considered as a differential diagnosis in patients with chronic severe watery diarrhea.
Adolescents with type 1 diabetes can achieve glycemic targets on intensive insulin therapy without excessive weight gain
Authors: Marlow Alexandra L. , King Bruce R. , Phelan Helen T. , Smart Carmel E.
Published: June 2022

Introduction

The aim of this study was to compare glycemic control and body mass index standard deviation score (BMI‐SDS) before and after implementation of intensive insulin therapy using multiple daily injection (MDI) or continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion (CSII) in adolescents with type 1 diabetes (T1D) attending a large multidisciplinary paediatric diabetes clinic in Australia.

Methods

Prospective data were collected for cross‐sectional comparison of youth aged 10.0–17.9 years (n = 669) from routine follow‐up visits to the diabetes clinic in 2004, 2010, and 2016. Outcome measures included HbA1c; BMI‐SDS; and insulin regimen.

Results

BMI‐SDS remained stable between 2004 to 2016 in the 10–13 and 14–17 year age group (0.7 vs. 0.5, p = .12 and 0.7 vs. 0.7, p = .93, respectively). BMI‐SDS was not different across HbA1c groups; <53 mmol/mol (7.0%), 53 to <75 mmol/mol (<7.0 to <9.0%) and >75 mmol/mol (>9.0%) in 2004 (p = .873), 2010 (p = .10) or 2016 (p = .630). Mean HbA1c decreased from 2004 to 2016 in the 10–13 year (69 mmol/mol (8.4%) vs. 57 mmol/mol (7.4%), p = <.001) and 14–17 year group (72 mmol/mol (8.7%) vs. 63 mmol/mol (7.9%), p = <.001). Prior to the implementation of MDI and CSII in 2004 only 10% of 10–13 year olds and 8% of 14–17 year olds achieved the international target for glycemic control (HbA1c 53 mmol/mol [<7.0%]). In 2016, this increased to 31% of 10–13 year olds and 21% of 14–17 year olds.

Conclusions

BMI‐SDS did not increase with the change to intensive insulin therapy despite a doubling in the number of adolescents achieving the recommended glycemic target of <7.0% (53 mmol/mol). HbA1c was not associated with weight gain.
Analysis of French forest policy in the context of ecosystem services: From the national to the regional level
Authors: Ambroise Lison , Abildtrup Jens , Pülzl Helga
Published: June 2022

Ecosystem service research has been steadily growing and has gone beyond the scope of conceptual understanding and methodological approaches. Overall, less research has been devoted to how and to what degree the ecosystems service concept has been adopted in policy‐making. This study analyses how forests and forest ecosystem services are framed in official French documents. A frame analysis was carried out on 26 documents (related to forest, biodiversity, energy, bioeconomy and climate policies) using ATLAS.ti software. The analysis was conducted at the national and regional levels (Grand Est region) in order to compare potential framing differences. It was supplemented with qualitative expert interviews to cross‐validate frames and to investigate the relative importance given to each frame by key stakeholders at the regional and national levels. The analysis resulted in the reconstruction of 12 frames. The two most important frames at the national level are ‘Forests as providers of wood and material’ and ‘Forests as a means of mitigating climate change’. In the Grand Est region, the latter frame is less important than frames related to the role of forests with regard to the quality of human life and recreation. This may be explained by the fact that public ownership is predominant in the Grand Est region. While the multifunctionality of the forest is rarely mentioned in policy documents, interviews revealed that the multifunctionality of forests remains an important concept among policy‐makers, even if it is not always explicitly mentioned and is losing ground to the ecosystem services concept.