bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Three-Year Follow-Up of Participants from a Self-Weighing Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Wilkinson Lua , Pacanowski Carly R. , Levitsky David
Published: September 2017

Frequent self-weighing is associated with weight loss maintenance. Several years ago, we investigated frequent self-weighing’s effect on weight loss and found the participants lost a significant amount of weight. Three years after this trial's end, participants were contacted for an update on their weight and self-weighing frequency. Weight change and self-weighing frequency since the end of the study were assessed. We hypothesized that participants who maintained frequent self-weighing behavior would have maintained their weight loss. Out of 98 participants enrolled in the RCT, 37% (n = 36) participated in this follow-up study. Total weight loss during the trial for the follow-up participants was 12.7 ± 19.4 lbs (p<0.001). Three years after intervention, participants regained 0.9 ± 4.34 lbs, a value that was not statistically different from zero (p=0.75). This did not differ by gender (p=0.655). Over 75% of these participants continued to weigh themselves at least once a week. Frequent self-weighing may be an effective, low-cost strategy for weight loss maintenance. Future research should further investigate the role of self-weighing in long-term weight gain prevention.
Delayed Presentation of Posttraumatic Diaphragmatic Hernia Masquerading as Recurrent Acute Asthmatic Attack
Authors: El-Yakub A. I. , Bello U. M. , Sheshe A. A. , Naaya H. U.
Published: September 2017

Diaphragmatic hernia following blunt abdominal injury is extremely rare and often diagnosed late. Missed diagnosis is also common with this condition. We herein present a delayed presentation of diaphragmatic hernia following blunt abdominal injury that was initially misdiagnosed as recurrent acute asthmatic attack due to repeated presentation with episodic difficulty in breathing.
Effect of the Mg/Al Ratio on Activated Sol-Gel Hydrotalcites for Photocatalytic Degradation of 2,4,6-Trichlorophenol
Authors: Ramos-Ramírez Esthela , Gutiérrez-Ortega Norma L. , Tzompantzi-Morales Francisco , Del Ángel Gloria A. , Martínez-Gómez Claudia , Pabón-Gelves Elizabeth
Published: September 2017

Currently, interest has grown in finding effective solutions for the treatment of water pollution by toxic compounds. Some of the latter that have acquired importance are phenols and chlorophenols, due to their employment in the manufacture of pesticides, insecticides, cords of wood, paper industry, among others. The problem is rooted in that these compounds are very persistent in the environment because they are partially biodegradable and cannot be photodegraded directly by sunlight. Chlorophenols are extremely toxic, especially 2,4,6-trichlorophenol, which is potentially carcinogenic. In this work, Mg/Al-mixed oxide catalysts were obtained from the thermal treatment of hydrotalcite-type materials, synthesized by sol-gel method with different Mg/Al ratios. Hydrotalcites and Mg/Al-mixed oxides were physicochemically characterized by X-ray diffraction, thermal analysis (DTA and TGA), and N2 physisorption. The results were obtained on having proven the photocatalytic degradation of 2,4,6-trichlorophenol as a pollutant model by water. The catalysts obtained present the hydrotalcite phase with thermal evolution until achieving Mg/Al-mixed oxides at 500°C. The catalysts are of mesoporous materials and exhibiting large surface areas. The catalysts demonstrated good photocatalytic activity with good efficiency, reaching degradation percentages with Mg/Al = 1, 2, 4, 5, and 7 ratios of 94.2, 92.5, 86.2, 84.2, and 63.9%, respectively, until achieving mineralization.
Aloperine Protects Mice against DSS-Induced Colitis by PP2A-Mediated PI3K/Akt/mTOR Signaling Suppression
Authors: Fu Xiaoxia , Sun Fei , Wang Faxi , Zhang Junai , Zheng Biying , Zhong Jixin , Yue Tiantian , Zheng Xuebao , Xu Jun-Fa , Wang Cong-Yi
Published: September 2017

Colitis is a major form of inflammatory bowel disease which involved mucosal immune dysfunction. Aloperine is an alkaloid isolated from the shrub Sophora alopecuroides L. and has been recognized as an effective treatment for inflammatory and allergic diseases. The present study aimed to examine the molecular mechanisms underlying aloperine-mediated colitis protection. We found that aloperine treatment improved colitis induced by dextran sodium sulfate (DSS) based on body weight, disease activity index, colonic length, and spleen index. Aloperine also effectively attenuated DSS-induced intestinal inflammation based on the pathological score and myeloperoxidase expression and activity in colon tissues. In addition, aloperine regulated T-cell proportions and promoted Foxp3 expression in the spleens and mesenteric lymph nodes of DSS-induced colitis mice and in the spleens of the Foxp3GFP mice. Aloperine inhibited Jurkat and mouse naïve T-cell apoptosis. Furthermore, aloperine inhibited PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling and upregulated PP2A expression in the DSS-induced colitis mice and in Jurkat cells, but LB-100 (PP2A inhibitor) resulted in an elevated Akt activity in Jurkat cells, activated T-cells, and human splenic mononuclear cells. Aloperine inhibited T-cell and lymphocyte proliferation, but LB-100 reverse these effects. In conclusion, aloperine regulates inflammatory responses in colitis by inhibiting the PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling in a PP2A-dependent manner.
Asymptotic Behaviour of the QED Perturbation Series
Authors: Huet Idrish , Rausch de Traubenberg Michel , Schubert Christian
Published: September 2017

I will summarize the present state of a long-term effort to obtain information on the large-order asymptotic behaviour of the QED perturbation series through the effective action. Starting with the constant-field case, I will discuss the Euler-Heisenberg Lagrangian in various dimensions and up to the three-loop level. This Lagrangian holds the information on the N-photon amplitudes in the low-energy limit, and combining it with Spinor helicity methods explicit all-N results can be obtained at the one-loop and, for the “all +” amplitudes, also at the two-loop level. For the imaginary part of the Euler-Heisenberg Lagrangian, an all-loop formula has been conjectured independently by Affleck, Alvarez, and Manton for Scalar QED and by Lebedev and Ritus for Spinor QED. This formula can be related through a Borel dispersion relation to the leading large-N behaviour of the N-photon amplitudes. It is analytic in the fine structure constant, which is puzzling and suggests a diagrammatic investigation of the large-N limit in perturbation theory. Preliminary results of such a study for the 1+1 dimensional case throw doubt on the validity of the conjecture.
Development and Application of a New High-Efficiency Sparse Linear System Solver in the Thermal-Hydraulic System Analysis Code
Authors: Ge Li , Liu Wei , Shan Jianqiang
Published: September 2017

This paper presents a faster solver named NRLU (Node Reordering Lower Upper) factorization solver to improve the solution speed for the pressure equations, which are formed by RELAP5/MOD3.3. The NRLU solver uses the oriented graph method and minimal fill-ins rule to reorder the structure of the nonsymmetry sparse pressure matrix. It solves the pressure matrix by LU factorization. Then the solver is embedded into the large scale advanced thermal-hydraulic system analysis program RELAP5/MOD3.3. The comparisons of the original solver and the NRLU solver show that the NRLU solver is faster than the original solver in RELAP5/MOD3.3, and the rate enhancement can be 44.44%. The results also show that the NRLU solver can reduce the number of fill-ins effectively. This can improve the calculation speed.
Correlation of 18F-FDG PET/MRE Metrics with Inflammatory Biomarkers in Patients with Crohn’s Disease: A Pilot Study
Authors: Domachevsky Liran , Leibovitzh Haim , Avni-Biron Irit , Lichtenstein Lev , Goldberg Natalia , Nidam Meital , Groshar David , Bernstine Hanna , Ben-Bassat Ofer
Published: September 2017

Background. To investigate the association between 18F-FDG (Fluorodeoxyglucose) PET (positron emission tomography)/MRE (magnetic resonance enterography) metrics with the inflammatory biomarkers fecal calprotectin and C-reactive protein (CRP) in patients with Crohn’s disease (CD). Methods. This prospective pilot study was institutional review board (IRB) approved with informed consent obtained. Consecutive CD patients were referred to 18F-FDG PET/MRE. Patients in whom colonoscopy was performed and CRP and fecal calprotectin levels were measured were included. CRP and fecal calprotectin were regarded as positive for inflammation if they were greater than 0.5 mg/dl and 150 mcg/g, respectively. Correlation of quantitative variables was performed using the Pearson’s correlation coefficient. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were drawn and the area under the curve (AUC) was calculated to evaluate the accuracy of PET and MRE metrics in determining the presence of inflammation evaluated by calprotectin and CRP levels. Results. Analysis of 21 patients (16 women and 5 men, 43±18 years) was performed. Magnetic resonance index of activity (MaRIA) score had an AUC of 0.63 associated with fecal calprotectin and CRP. Adding apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) and metabolic inflammatory volume (MIV) to MaRIA score resulted in an AUC of 0.92 with a cutoff value of 447 resulting in 83% and 100% sensitivity and specificity, respectively. Conclusion. The addition of ADC and MIV to the MaRIA score increases the accuracy for discrimination of disease activity in patients with CD. Trial registration number is 2015062.
Sepsis‐Induced Cardiomyopathy: Oxidative Implications in the Initiation and Resolution of the Damage
Authors: Tsolaki Vasiliki , Makris Demosthenes , Mantzarlis Konstantinos , Zakynthinos Epameinontas
Published: September 2017

Cardiac dysfunction may complicate the course of severe sepsis and septic shock with significant implications for patient’s survival. The basic pathophysiologic mechanisms leading to septic cardiomyopathy have not been fully clarified until now. Disease‐specific treatment is lacking, and care is still based on supportive modalities. Septic state causes destruction of redox balance in many cell types, cardiomyocytes included. The production of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species is increased, and natural antioxidant systems fail to counterbalance the overwhelming generation of free radicals. Reactive species interfere with many basic cell functions, mainly through destruction of protein, lipid, and nucleic acid integrity, compromising enzyme function, mitochondrial structure and performance, and intracellular signaling, all leading to cardiac contractile failure. Takotsubo cardiomyopathy may result from oxidative imbalance. This review will address the multiple aspects of cardiomyocyte bioenergetic failure in sepsis and discuss potential therapeutic interventions.
Effects of Chimonanthus nitens Oliv. Leaf Extract on Glycolipid Metabolism and Antioxidant Capacity in Diabetic Model Mice
Authors: Chen Hui , Jiang Yan , Yang Zhanwei , Hu Wenbing , Xiong Lei , Wang Ning , Liu Xin , Zheng Guodong , Ouyang Kehui , Wang Wenjun
Published: September 2017

The paper investigated the antihyperglycemic and antihyperlipidemic efficacy and antioxidant capacity of Chimonanthus nitens Oliv. leaf extract (COE) in combination of high‐glucose‐fat diet‐fed and streptozotocin‐induced diabetic model mice. Various physiological indexes in diabetic model mice were well improved especially by oral administration of high dose of COE; the results were listed as follows. Fast blood glucose (FBG) level and serum triglyceride (TC), total cholesterol (TG), low‐density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDLC), and malondialdehyde (MDA) as well as MDA in liver were significantly reduced; fasting serum insulin (FINS) and insulin sensitivity index (ISI) were both increased; high‐density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDLC) in serum was significantly increased; total antioxidant capacity (T‐AOC), activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GSH‐Px), and catalase (CAT) in serum and liver were apparently enhanced; liver coefficient (LC), liver transaminase, and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) were decreased. Furthermore, pancreas islets and liver in diabetic model mice showed some extend of improvement in morphology and function after 4 weeks of COE treatment. In consequence, COE was advantageous to regulate glycolipid metabolism and elevate antioxidant capacity in diabetic model mice. Thus, the present study will provide a scientific evidence for the use of COE in the management of diabetes and its related complications.
Profiling microRNA from Brain by Microarray in a Transgenic Mouse Model of Alzheimer’s Disease
Authors: Wang Lin-lin , Min Li , Guo Qing-dong , Zhang Jun-xia , Jiang Hai-lun , Shao Shuai , Xing Jian-guo , Yin Lin-lin , Liu Jiang-hong , Liu Rui , Guo Shui-long
Published: September 2017

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small noncoding RNAs, which regulate numerous cell functions by targeting mRNA for cleavage or translational repression, and have been found to play an important role in Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Our study aimed to identify differentially expressed miRNAs in AD brain as a reference of potential therapeutic miRNAs or biomarkers for this disease. We used amyloid precursor protein (APP) and presenilin 1 (PS1) double transgenic mice and age-matched wild-type (WT) littermates to determine the expression of miRNAs in the brain. MiRNAs were profiled by microarray, and differentially expressed miRNAs underwent target prediction and enrichment analysis. Microarray analysis revealed 56 differentially expressed miRNAs in AD mouse brain, which involved 39 miRNAs that were significantly upregulated and 19 that were downregulated at different ages. Among those miRNAs, a total of 11 miRNAs, including miR-342-3p, miR-342-5p, miR-376c-3p, and miR-301b-3p, were not only conserved in human but also predicted to have targets and signaling pathways closely related to the pathology of AD. In conclusion, in this study, differentially expressed miRNAs were identified in AD brain and proposed as biomarkers, which may have the potential to indicate AD progression. Despite being preliminary, these results may aid in investigating pathological hallmarks and identify effective therapeutic targets.
Syngeneic Mouse Models of Oral Cancer Are Effectively Targeted by Anti–CD44-Based NIR-PIT
Authors: Nagaya Tadanobu , Nakamura Yuko , Okuyama Shuhei , Ogata Fusa , Maruoka Yasuhiro , Choyke Peter L. , Allen Clint , Kobayashi Hisataka
Published: September 2017

Oral cavity squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is considered one of the most aggressive subtypes of cancer. Anti-CD44 monoclonal antibodies (mAb) are a potential therapy against CD44 expressing OSCC; however, to date the therapeutic effects have been disappointing. Here, a new cancer treatment is described, near-infrared photoimmunotherapy (NIR-PIT), that uses anti-CD44 mAbs conjugated to the photoabsorber IR700DX. This conjugate is injected into mice harboring one of three CD44 expressing syngeneic murine oral cancer cell (MOC) lines, MOC1 (immunogenic), MOC2 mKate2 (moderately immunogenic), and MOC2-luc (poorly immunogenic). Binding of the anti-CD44–IR700 conjugate was shown to be specific and cell-specific cytotoxicity was observed after exposure of the cells to NIR light in vitro. The anti-CD44–IR700 conjugate, when assessed in vivo, demonstrated deposition within the tumor with a high tumor-to-background ratio. Tumor-bearing mice were separated into four cohorts: no treatment; 100 μg of anti-CD44–IR700 i.v. only; NIR light exposure only; and 100 μg of anti-CD44–IR700 i.v. with NIR light exposure. NIR-PIT therapy, compared with the other groups, significantly inhibited tumor growth and prolonged survival in all three cell model systems. In conclusion, these data reveal that anti-CD44 antibodies are suitable as mAb–photoabsorber conjugates for NIR-PIT in MOC cells.

Implications: This study using syngeneic mouse models, which better model the disease in humans than conventional xenografts, suggests that NIR-PIT with anti-CD44–IR700 is a potential candidate for the treatment of OSCC. Mol Cancer Res; 15(12); 1667–77. ©2017 AACR.
YAP Expression and Activity Are Suppressed by S100A7 via p65/NFκB-mediated Repression of ΔNp63
Authors: Li Yunguang , Kong Fei , Shao Qirui , Wang Rui , Hu Enze , Liu Jin , Jin Chang , He Dacheng , Xiao Xueyuan
Published: September 2017

In several squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) cells, it has been previously observed that induction of the S100 calcium-binding protein A7 (S100A7) is repressed by YAP via the Hippo pathway. This report now demonstrates that S100A7 also represses YAP expression and activity by ΔNp63 in cancer cells. Stable overexpression of S100A7 activates the NFκB pathway and inhibits the expression of ΔNp63. Caffeic acid phenethyl ester (CAPE), as a specific inhibitor of NFκB, counteracts the inhibitory effect of S100A7 on the expression of ΔNp63 and its target genes. Depletion of S100A7 significantly promotes ΔNp63 expression. These data indicate that S100A7 acts as a suppressor of ΔNp63. Mechanistic examination finds that ΔNp63 not only directly binds to the region of YAP promoter and induces its expression, but also inhibits the Hippo pathway and enhances YAP activity. Importantly, either the positive correlation between S100A7 and YAP phosphorylation at S127 or the negative correlation between S100A7 and ΔNp63 is also observed in skin SCC tissues. Chemosensitivity analysis reveals that S100A7 enhances cancer cells' resistance by inhibition of YAP expression and activity. These results demonstrate that S100A7 is an upstream modulator of the Hippo pathway and extend our understanding of S100A7 functions in cancer.

Implications: S100A7 is a new upstream regulator of the Hippo signaling pathway and reduces chemosensitivity of SCC cells through inhibitions of YAP expression and activity. Mol Cancer Res; 15(12); 1752–63. ©2017 AACR.
Job Profile of Non-Medical Practitioners: A Cross- Sectional Study from the Health Service Perspective
Authors: Kattge Stefanie , Goetz Katja , Glassen Katharina , Steinhäuser Jost
Published: September 2017

Background: The demand for complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) is rising. The German ‘Heilpraktiker' is a non-medical naturopathic practitioner (NMNP) providing CAM. Their numbers are rising constantly; however, little is known about their practices and reasons for consultation and on what kind of treatment they offer. Methods: All 1,096 NMNPs in the German federal state of Schleswig-Holstein were invited to participate in a questionnaire study to gain first insights into their nearly unexplored group setting. Results: A total of 262 NMNPs responded to the itemized questionnaire; 60 answered the questionnaire suggested for non-responders. Out of the 262 NMNPs, 211 (81%) were female. The average age was 53 years. Analyzing the most frequent reasons for consultation, 68.2% were found to be general and unspecified reasons, followed by psychological causes (64.1%) and musculoskeletal complaints (53.1%). About 68% of the participants treat conditions of pain. The most commonly used group of methods was found to comprise para-medicinal procedures. Conclusions: Our analysis gives first insights into the occupational profile of the German NMNPs, their scope of activities and treatment methods. It is a first step towards health service research that might provide a basis for further studies.
Multiparameter Investigation of a 46,XX/46,XY Tetragametic Chimeric Phenotypical Male Patient with Bilateral Scrotal Ovotestes and Ovulatory Activity
Authors: van Bever Yolande , Wolffenbuttel Katja P. , Brüggenwirth Hennie T. , Blom Eric , de Klein Annelies , Eussen Bert H.J. , van der Windt Florijn , Hannema Sabine E. , Dessens Arianne B. , Dorssers Lambert C.J. , Biermann Katharina , Hersmus Remko , de Rijke Yolanda B. , Looijenga Leendert H.J.
Published: September 2017

We report on an adult male initially presenting with gynecomastia and a painless scrotal mass without additional genital anomalies. Hyperpigmentation of the skin following the Blaschko's lines was identified. He underwent gonadectomy because of suspected cancer. Histological analyses revealed an ovotestis with ovulatory activity confirmed by immunohistochemistry with multiple markers. Karyotyping of cultured peripheral blood lymphocytes and a buccal smear revealed a 46,XX/46,XY chimeric constitution with different percentages. Multiple molecular analyses as well as blood typing implied a tetragametic origin. After the unilateral gonadectomy, the patient developed recurrent painful cystic swellings of the remaining gonad. Because of the wish to preserve hormonal activity as well as future fertility, the patient underwent surgical resection of a cystic gonadal area. The removed tissue showed ovulation-related features in addition to both testicular and ovarian tissue, diagnosed as an ovotestis. Testosterone therapy was initiated to suppress the persistently elevated gonadotropins and thereby suppress ovarian activity. During treatment, the recurrent pain complaints and cystic swellings ceased, although gonadotropin levels were not fully suppressed. Based on these observations, the importance of a detailed genetic and pathological diagnosis and the clinical dilemmas including the pros and cons of personalized treatment with gonadal preservative surgery are discussed.
Fasting Single-Spot Urine pH Is Associated with Metabolic Syndrome in the Japanese Population
Authors: Shimodaira Masanori , Okaniwa Shinji , Nakayama Tomohiro
Published: September 2017

Objective: To investigate the relationship between urine pH and metabolic syndrome (MetS) and its components, while controlling for covariates. Subjects and Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted on 5,430 Japanese subjects (4,691 without MetS; 739 with MetS) undergoing health assessments. Partial correlation analysis and analysis of covariance were used for controlling confounding parameters (age, gender, levels of serum uric acid and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein, estimated glomerular filtration rate, and smoking and drinking status). Using multiple logistic regression analyses, adjusted odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for MetS incidence were calculated across urine pH categories. Path analysis was used to determine the relationship between MetS and urine pH. Results: Subjects with MetS had significantly lower urine pH (5.9 ± 0.7) than those without MetS (6.0 ± 0.7) (p < 0.001). Partial correlation analysis showed that systolic and diastolic blood pressure, and triglyceride and fasting plasma glucose levels were negatively correlated with urine pH, while high-density lipoprotein cholesterol was positively correlated with urine pH. Analysis of covariance indicated that urine pH decreased with an increasing number of metabolic abnormalities. Adjusted ORs (95% CI) for the presence of MetS in subjects with urine pH 5.5-6.0 and pH <5.5 were 1.34 (1.04-1.73) and 1.52 (1.09-2.13), respectively (reference: subjects with a urine pH >6.0). Conclusion: The MetS and its components were independently associated with lower urine pH.
Esquizópolis
Authors: Santos Neto Isaías De Carvalho
Published: September 2017

"Esquizópolis", expressão que titula este artigo foi inicialmente cunhada para caracterizar a situação de Salvador, BA, como cidade dividida, convivendo com duas formas de desenho urbano e arquitetônico resultantes da polaridade cidade nova/cidade velha. Este conceito aqui se expande para uma leitura mais abrangente. Nestes termos, alcança a possibilidade de compreensão das dualidades contidas em outras instâncias mais próximas das mentalidades, que explicam a interpretação feita para questões das origens e desenvolvimento do modernismo na arquitetura e no urbanismo contemporâneos
Mudanças Espaciais na Casa Republicana. A Higiene Pública e Outras Novidades
Authors: Homem Maria Cecília Naclério
Published: September 2017

Na virada do século, a República recém-proclamada propôs um novo programa político fundamentado, de preferência, na higiene pública. Assumiu o controle do espaço urbano e doméstico por meio de uma legislação rigorosa e da execução dos serviços relativos ao saneamento da terra e da água. Em geral, a casa urbana permaneceu no alinhamento da rua, dependente de lotes populares, estreitos e alongados. Internamente, também preferiu a distribuição tradicional, feita no sentido frente-fundos, acrescida de entradas, de corredores laterais e de áreas internas. A casa mais rica e ampla, dispondo de lotes maiores, introduziu espontaneamente recursos que melhor atenderam às propostas de higiene, tais como o recuo das divisas do lote e uma nova distribuição
Arquitetura Italiana Racionalista nos Anos 1930
Authors: Bruna Paulo
Published: September 2017

Este texto foi originalmente preparado para uma palestra sobre a formação do arquiteto Rino Levi na Itália e apresentado numa mesa redonda organizada por Bruno Giovanetti, no contexto da exposição "Arquitetura Italiana em São Paulo" A palestra procurava mostrar a presença simultânea de duas correntes de pensamento no fim dos anos 1920: do racionalismo centrado sobretudo em Milão e em arquitetos como Pérsico, Pagano e Terragni; e no conservadorismo centrado sobretudo em Roma, cuja figura mais emblemática foi Marcello Piacentini. As conotações políticas derivadas das diferentes formas de adesão do fascismo fizeram com que esse período fosse sujeito a interpretações confusas e tendenciosas no segundo após-guerra. Estudos recentes, sobretudo norte-americanos, procuram restabelecer os papéis efetivamente desempenhados pelos vários grupos nesse conturbado período
Forma e Uso Social no Espaço Urbano: Porto Alegre e Recife
Authors: Loureiro Cláudia , Rigatti Décio , Amorim Luis
Published: September 2017

Este artigo apresenta os resultados da aplicação de uma teoria descritiva do espaço, desenvolvida por Bill Hillier e seus colegas (1984), ao estudo de duas cidades brasileiras: Porto Alegre e Recife. Os conceitos da teoria da Lógica Social do Espaço (Hillier, Hanson, 1984), e os métodos a eles associados, foram adotados para analisar a morfologia da área central das duas cidades e seus padrões de apropriação social do espaço. O estudo é também informado pelos conceitos de percurso-matriz e matriz elementar, desenvolvidos por Caniqqia, Maffei (1981)
Jorge Luis Borges e Peter Eisenman, Narrativa e Arquitetura
Authors: Passaro Andrés Martin
Published: September 2017

O trabalho pretende fazer uma análise comparativa entre as obras do escritor Jorge Luis Borges e do arquiteto Peter Eisenman. Para isto foram escolhidas La casa de Asterión que nada mais é que um conto do livro El Aleph de Borges1 e Guardiola House2, uma casa do arquiteto Eisenman. A idéia do trabalho é encontrar uma analogia entre ambas produções, e surgiu a partir da leitura da crítica aos trabalhos de Peter Eisenman, em que comparecem indicações de similitude entre o pensamento deste arquiteto e o do escritor. Procurou-se fazer leitura de Borges em vários de seus livros passando por textos do tipo "labirínticos ou abissais"3 (como observou Otilia Arantes...4)
Demonstração Geométrica á da Perspectiva Exata pelas Leis da Ótica
Authors: Katinsky Júlio Roberto
Published: September 2017

Em prévios estudos sobre perspectiva, apresentamos um aparelho mais simples que aqueles descritos pelos discípulos de Brunelleschi e a ele atribuídos, com o qual foi possível deduzir empiricamente as leis fundamentais da perspectiva exata, como derivadas da reflexão de espelhos planos. Neste estudo, seguimos um caminho inverso: deduzimos geometricamente a partir da ótica de Descartes e Huygens, a imagem de objetos no plano dos espelhos. Fica assim estabelecida a perspectiva exata como etapa necessária entre a ótica medieval e a ótica moderna
Do Litoral ao Planalto a Conquista da Serra do Mar
Authors: Toledo Benedito Lima de
Published: September 2017

O presente trabalho representa resumo de uma pesquisa que se propôs a estudar a história das ligações do litoral com a cidade de São Paulo. Foi registrado a redescoberta, o balizamento e a reconstituição do traçado da calçada do Lorena, obra de engenheiros militares, executada em 1792, destinada ao tráfego de mulas. Segue-se o estudo da primeira estrada que permitia o tráfego de veículos, a Estrada da Maioridade a qual, adaptada à época rodoviária, deu origem ao atual Caminho do Mar
O Modelo das cidades-jardins no norte do novo Paraná
Authors: Szmrecsanyi Maria Irene
Published: September 2017

Examino a hipótese de que os projetos da região do Norte Novo do Paraná e de suas principais cidades, Londrina e Maringá, apresentem influência do modelo das cidades-jardins, tal como idealizado por Ebenezer Howard e desenhado por Unwin, Park e Soissons. Considero se isto poderia ser atribuído ao fato de a colonização da área ter sido empreendida por capital inglês. Divido o artigo em quatro partes além da introdutória: uma explicando o modelo das cidades-jardins em sua origem, outra historiando sumariamente a colonização da área; a terceira discutindo os primeiros planos das duas cidades, e a última colocando como questão geral o caráter dúbio assumido no Brasil por empréstimos culturais internacionais
Modernizada ou moderna? A Arquitetura em São Paulo nas décadas de 30 e 40
Authors: Pinheiro Maria Lucia Bressan
Published: September 2017

0 presente trabalho pretende contribuir para a discussão dos limites e significado do movimento moderno no Brasil por meio da apresentação de exemplos da arquitetura corriqueiramente praticada em São Paulo nas décadas de 30 e 40 - período de instauração definitiva daquele movimento entre nós, de acordo com a maior parte da bibliografia disponível sobre a história da arquitetura brasileira no século 20. Embora tais exemplos por vezes apresentem interfaces com 0 modernismo - sendo mesmo assim classificados por seus autores, estão longe de se configurarem como plenamente modernos, como se procurará demonstrar. De fato, a partir de pesquisa realizada na revista paulistana de arquitetura Acrópole, para elaboração de minha tese de doutorado, foi possível constatar a total imprecisão e ambigüidade do termo “ arquitetura moderna” bastante freqüente nos comentários e referências relativos aos projetos publicados no citado periódico. Outra postura usual no período é a equiparação da arquitetura moderna a qualquer um dos estilos disponíveis na época, 0 que denota claramente a falta de compromisso com 0 ideário moderno propriamente dito por parte da maioria dos profissionais paulistanos nos anos assinalados
Notas sobre a contribuição do desenho industrial á arquitetura e a cidade
Authors: Ventura Alessandro
Published: September 2017

A principal preocupação do texto é discutir o uso de técnicas industriais pela arquitetura e refletir sobre suas repercussões na cidade. Nesta discussão procura-se estabelecer uma relação entre as técnicas de projeto do desenho industrial e da arquitetura, focalizando-a dentro de uma forma de pensamento produtivo típico da indústria. Abordamos a idéia de produção na cidade, procurando mostrar que seu desenho é fruto dos produtos que lhe são impostos e não por aqueles gerados por suas necessidades. Discorremos, assim, sobre a influência dos veículos automotores no desenho das cidades e sobre a necessidade de criar limitações a seu uso urbano. Alguns dados sobre a importância da indústria da construção são levantados, comparando-a à vitalidade e à relativa importância da indústria automobilística. Finalizamos abordando o tema da mobilidade, característica típica dos produtos industriais. Esta mobilidade construtiva pode vir a ser um elemento fundamental de inovação urbana e transformar a cidade em fruto de sua própria produção
Espaços Livres Públicos O Caso das Praças do Metrô de São Paulo
Authors: Bartalini Vladimir
Published: September 2017

Estudo sobre o papel dos espaços públicos centrais nas correntes urbanfsticas, desde o fim do século XIX e suas atuais possibilidades. A praça pública ocupou um lugar de destaque no chamado urbanismo culturalista, perdendo sua importância, enquanto expressão de centralidade, a partir do urbanismo racionalista. Com ênfase nas questões de projeto, destacam-se os trabalhos de Sitte (1898), que define parâmetros de projetação; e de Zucker (1959), que chega a identificar os arquétipos espaciais das praças. As propostas contidas nestes trabalhos estão limitadas em sua realização prática, por partirem do pressuposto da unidade indissolú­ vel entre o espaço da praça e os edifícios que a conformam. Na ausência destas condições, os espaços livres, carentes de significado formal, não são considerados pra­ ças, ou são classificados como “ praças amorfas” , segundo Zucker. Nesta categoria estaria incluída a grande maioria das praças existentes e projetadas, dadas as raras oportunidades que se oferecem hoje para um projeto idealmente integrado. A superação deste impasse pode ser conseguida em projetos que assumam as condições da realidade espacial do lugar em que se inserem, buscando a um só tempo uma consistência arquitetônica própria e a abertura para a descontrolada paisagem circundante
Renovação Urbana, Segregação e Mercado Habitacional
Authors: Bógus Lúcia M. M.
Published: September 2017

Contribuição para a análise das relações espaço urbano-população a partir do estudo de um caso de intervenção estatal com a implantação de projeto de reurbanização - o Projeto CURA - numa área do municfpio de São Paulo. Tal projeto desencadeou rápido processo de valorização imobiliária provocando a substituição da parcela mais pobre dos moradores por um grupo social de renda mais elevada, além de induzir um crescente processo de verticalização. Tais mudanças remeteram, também, à questão da propriedade imobiliária mostrando que as modalidades de acesso à terra urbana são um importante fator de retenção ou expulsão dos grupos sociais residentes em determinada área, quando esta se valoriza
Dose Comparison Study of Allogeneic Mesenchymal Stem Cells in Patients With Ischemic Cardiomyopathy (The TRIDENT Study)
Authors: Florea Victoria , Rieger Angela C. , DiFede Darcy L. , El-Khorazaty Jill , Natsumeda Makoto , Banerjee Monisha N. , Tompkins Bryon A. , Khan Aisha , Schulman Ivonne H. , Landin Ana Marie , Mushtaq Muzammil , Golpanian Samuel , Lowery Maureen H. , Byrnes John J. , Hendel Robert C. , Cohen Mauricio G. , Valasaki Krystalenia , Pujol Marietsy V. , Ghersin Eduard , Miki Roberto , Delgado Cindy , Abuzeid Fouad , Vidro-Casiano Mayra , Saltzman Russell G. , DaFonseca Daniel , Caceres Lina V. , Ramdas Kevin N. , Mendizabal Adam , Heldman Alan W. , Mitrani Raul D. , Hare Joshua M.
Published: September 2017

Rationale:

Cell dose and concentration play crucial roles in phenotypic responses to cell-based therapy for heart failure.

Objective:

To compare the safety and efficacy of 2 doses of allogeneic bone marrow–derived human mesenchymal stem cells identically delivered in patients with ischemic cardiomyopathy.

Methods and Results:

Thirty patients with ischemic cardiomyopathy received in a blinded manner either 20 million (n=15) or 100 million (n=15) allogeneic human mesenchymal stem cells via transendocardial injection (0.5 cc per injection × 10 injections per patient). Patients were followed for 12 months for safety and efficacy end points. There were no treatment-emergent serious adverse events at 30 days or treatment-related serious adverse events at 12 months. The Major Adverse Cardiac Event rate was 20.0% (95% confidence interval [CI], 6.9% to 50.0%) in 20 million and 13.3% (95% CI, 3.5% to 43.6%) in 100 million (
P
=0.58). Worsening heart failure rehospitalization was 20.0% (95% CI, 6.9% to 50.0%) in 20 million and 7.1% (95% CI, 1.0% to 40.9%) in 100 million (
P
=0.27). Whereas scar size reduced to a similar degree in both groups: 20 million by −6.4 g (interquartile range, −13.5 to −3.4 g;
P
=0.001) and 100 million by −6.1 g (interquartile range, −8.1 to −4.6 g;
P
=0.0002), the ejection fraction improved only with 100 million by 3.7 U (interquartile range, 1.1 to 6.1;
P
=0.04). New York Heart Association class improved at 12 months in 35.7% (95% CI, 12.7% to 64.9%) in 20 million and 42.9% (95% CI, 17.7% to 71.1%) in 100 million. Importantly, proBNP (pro-brain natriuretic peptide) increased at 12 months in 20 million by 0.32 log pg/mL (95% CI, 0.02 to 0.62;
P
=0.039), but not in 100 million (−0.07 log pg/mL; 95% CI, −0.36 to 0.23;
P
=0.65; between group
P
=0.07).

Conclusions:

Although both cell doses reduced scar size, only the 100 million dose increased ejection fraction. This study highlights the crucial role of cell dose in the responses to cell therapy. Determining optimal dose and delivery is essential to advance the field, decipher mechanism(s) of action and enhance planning of pivotal Phase III trials.

Clinical Trial Registration:

URL:
http://www.clinicaltrials.gov
. Unique identifier: NCT02013674.
National Blood Pressure Reference for Chinese Han Children and Adolescents Aged 7 to 17 Years
Authors: Dong Yanhui , Ma Jun , Song Yi , Dong Bin , Wang Zhenghe , Yang Zhaogeng , Wang Xijie , Prochaska Judith J.
Published: September 2017

We sought to develop and validate a national blood pressure (BP) reference based on age, sex, and height for Chinese children. Data were obtained on 197 430 children aged 7 to 17 who participated in the Chinese National Survey on Students’ Constitution and Health in 2010. BP percentiles were estimated and fitted using the lambda, mu, and sigma method and then compared with a US reference and China existing reference. In an external independent validation sample of 59 653 children aged 7 to 18 from 7 Chinese provinces in 2013, the prevalence of elevated BP was compared applying the 3 references. BP values were similar for boys and girls at the younger ages (7–13 years) and lower height percentiles, whereas higher at the older ages (14–17 years) for boys than girls. At medial height in boys and girls aged 7 to 13, the 50th, 90th, 95th, and 99th percentiles of BP for the new national reference were consistent with US reference and lower than current Chinese reference. In the independent sample, elevated BP prevalence, based on the new national reference, ranged from 7.8% to 18.5% among children aged 7 to 17, which was higher than the US reference values (4.3%–14.5%) and lower than the current Chinese reference (12.9%–25.5%) in each age group. The new national BP reference for Chinese children based on age, sex, and height from large-scale and nationally representative data seems to improve the ability for identifying Chinese hypertensive children and for stratifying them with regard to cardiovascular risk.
Competing Risks of Cardiovascular Versus Noncardiovascular Death During Long‐Term Follow‐Up After Acute Coronary Syndromes
Authors: Fanaroff Alexander C. , Roe Matthew T. , Clare Robert M. , Lokhnygina Yuliya , Navar Ann Marie , Giugliano Robert P. , Wiviott Stephen D. , Tershakovec Andrew M. , Braunwald Eugene , Blazing Michael A.
Published: September 2017

Background

Understanding the relative risk of cardiovascular versus noncardiovascular death is important for designing clinical trials. These risks may differ depending on patient age, sex, and type of acute coronary syndrome (
ACS
).

Methods and Results

IMPROVE
‐
IT
(Improved Reduction of Outcomes: Vytorin Efficacy International Trial) was a randomized controlled trial of simvastatin plus either ezetimibe or placebo following stabilized
ACS
. Cause of death was adjudicated by an independent committee. We compared the cumulative incidence of cardiovascular and noncardiovascular death for patients with unstable angina/non‐
ST
‐segment elevation myocardial infarction (
UA
/
NSTEMI
) and
ST
‐segment elevation myocardial infarction (
STEMI
), in those <65 and ≥65 years old, and males and females, over 7 years of follow‐up. Of 18 131 patients, the presenting event was
STEMI
for 5190 (29%) and
UA
/
NSTEMI
for 12 941 (71%); 10 173 (56%) patients were <65 years old and 7971 (44%) were ≥65 years old at presentation.
UA
/
NSTEMI
patients were older than
STEMI
patients, with more cardiovascular and noncardiovascular risk factors. In
STEMI
patients, the cumulative incidence of cardiovascular death was higher for ∼4 years following the index event, after which noncardiovascular death predominated. In
UA
/
NSTEMI
patients, the cumulative incidence of cardiovascular death remained higher than noncardiovascular death over the full follow‐up period. Patients ≥65 years old and <65 years old had a higher incidence of cardiovascular death than noncardiovascular death over the entirety of follow‐up. Female patients had a higher incidence of cardiovascular death than noncardiovascular death for ∼6 years following the index event; male patients had a higher incidence of cardiovascular death than noncardiovascular death over the entirety of follow‐up.

Conclusions

Among post‐
ACS
patients enrolled in a long‐term clinical trial, the relative incidence of cardiovascular and noncardiovascular death differed based on type of
ACS
presentation and sex, but not age. These findings further delineate long‐term prognosis after
ACS
and should inform the design of future cardiovascular outcomes trials.
Taxonomic review of Eidmanacris Chopard, 1956 (Orthoptera: Grylloidea: Phalangopsidae)
Authors: CAMPOS LUCAS DENADAI DE , SOUZA-DIAS PEDRO G. B. , NIHEI SILVIO S.
Published: September 2017

Eidmanacris Chopard, 1956 is revised, redescribed and eleven species are redescribed. Seven new species from the Brazilian Atlantic Forest and Cerrado (E. scopula Campos sp. nov., E. gigas Campos sp. nov., E. neomarmorata Campos, sp. nov.; E, desutterae Campos, sp. nov.; E. putuhra Campos, sp. nov.; E. fontanettiae Campos, Nihei & de Mello, sp. nov. and E. melloi Campos, sp. nov.) are described, based on adults. One new generic synonymy with Endophallusia de Mello, 1990 syn. nov., resulting in two new combinations (E. minuta (de Mello, 1990) comb. nov. and E. endophallica (de Mello, 1990) comb. nov.), a new combination with Phalangopsis spelucae Mello-Leitão, 1937 (E. speluncae (Mello-Leitão, 1937) comb. nov.), and one species synonymy (E. lencionii Bolfarini, 2016 = E. dissimilis Desutter-Grandcolas, 1995, syn. nov.) are proposed. Following this revision, Eidmanacris comprises a total of 29 species. An identification key to species, and distribution maps are also given.
Elementary Students’ Use of Dialect and Reading Achievement: Examining Students With Disabilities
Authors: Gatlin Brandy , Wanzek Jeanne
Published: September 2017

Nonmainstream American English, or dialect, among children may have important implications for reading research and practice. However, much of the research involving relations between dialect and literacy has analyzed dialect use in only one context and has omitted students with speech, language, and learning disabilities. Consequently, we examined dialect use in an oral narrative and two writing samples in relation to concurrent and longitudinal reading outcomes in a diverse sample of students, including those with diagnosed disabilities. Overall, most students used features of dialect in oral and written language. Dialect use was significantly and negatively predictive of reading outcomes the same year and 2 years later. Moderator analyses indicated a similar relationship between dialect use and reading for students with speech, language, and learning disabilities, suggesting that students with these disabilities who also use dialect may be at increased risk for reading difficulties. Implications for practice and future research are provided.
Making Inference across Mobilisation and Influence Research: Comparing Top-Down and Bottom-Up Mapping of Interest Systems
Authors: Berkhout Joost , Beyers Jan , Braun Caelesta , Hanegraaff Marcel , Lowery David
Published: September 2017

Scholars of mobilisation and policy influence employ two quite different approaches to mapping interest group systems. Those interested in research questions on mobilisation typically rely on a bottom-up mapping strategy in order to characterise the total size and composition of interest group communities. Researchers with an interest in policy influence usually rely on a top-down strategy in which the mapping of politically active organisations depends on samples of specific policies. But some scholars also use top-down data gathered for other research questions on mobilisation (and vice versa). However, it is currently unclear how valid such large-N data for different types of research questions are. We illustrate our argument by addressing these questions using unique data sets drawn from the INTEREURO project on lobbying in the European Union and the European Union’s Transparency Register. Our findings suggest that top-down and bottom-up mapping strategies lead to profoundly different maps of interest group communities.
Mammon and God
Authors: Luttrull Daniel
Published: September 2017

In “The Artificial Nigger,” Flannery O’Connor provides directions for the reader to precisely follow her characters’ circuitous route from the city center to the suburban train station where they end their journey. While the Heads find themselves in three of the city’s shopping centers, O’Connor is careful to keep them from coming within sight of any of the city’s churches. O’Connor uses this commercialized Atlanta to examines the claim that commerce can make people “too busy to hate.” She then moves into an allegorical register in which the market represents judgement and the Heads experience grace only after leaving it.
The Conversion of Mary Rich, Countess of Warwick
Authors: Anselment Raymond A.
Published: September 2017

Religious conversion is basic to the narrative of Mary Rich’s life that she began writing in 1672. It is fundamental to her diary of many years. Where the autobiography emphasizes her marriage and the conversion that followed, the diary is an affirmation of that conversion and a reassessment of her marriage. Conversion brought Rich closer to God at the same time it affected what had become a troubled relationship with her husband. Concerned for his soul, and not only for her own, her diary offers a testimony of Mary Rich’s spiritual love for both her husband and God.
Social Class in the Organizational Sciences: A Conceptual Integration and Meta-Analytic Review
Authors: Loignon Andrew Caleb , Woehr David J.
Published: September 2017

Social class has become increasingly popular in the organizational sciences. Despite the burgeoning interest in this topic, there remains a great deal of ambiguity concerning the conceptualization and operationalization of social class. For instance, scholars have used income, education, and subjective ratings to measures one’s social class. In order to improve the conceptual clarity of social class, we develop and present a model that draws on the dominant theories of social class from both sociology and psychology while organizing their key principles to explain how social class influences an individual’s thoughts, feelings, and behaviors. By using this model as a framework, this study attempts to refine the conceptualization of social class by testing core research questions pertaining to the construct validity of this construct. After a comprehensive, interdisciplinary literature search, which yielded over 4,000 effect sizes, we conducted a meta-analysis to test the proposed model. The findings offer clear support for two distinct components of social class (i.e., objective and subjective) that are both highly related to one another and associated with other microlevel constructs (i.e., job attitudes). Given the timeliness and importance of social class, the findings of this conceptual review and empirical meta-analysis offer a means of summarizing this large, interdisciplinary literature while guiding future management research on this critical topic.