bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
CLASSIFICATION AND MAPPING OF LAND USE AND SOME SOIL PROPERTIES IN KIRŞEHIR PROVINCE, TURKEY
Authors: Bagdatlı M. Cüneyt , Arslan Oğuzhan
Published: September 2021

In this study, land use capabilities, land types and other soil properties of Kırşehir province were classified and analyzed. In the study, 1/25.000 scale digital soil maps obtained from the Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry (Turkey) were used. Numerical data were classified using Arc GIS 10.3.1 software, which is one of the GIS software. As a result of the research; In general, It was observed that IV. class lands were formed in the Kirsehir province IV.class lands were found to be 1658.3 km2 and it was determined that they cover 25% of the total area. It is seen that soil insufficiency is high in Kırşehir province due to slope and erosion damage. Soil insufficiency due to slope and erosion damage was found to be 3520.7 km2 and it was determined that 54% of the total area was exposed to this effect. It has been observed that the land type is generally composed of steppe, bare rocks and rubble. It was determined that the area formed by bare, rocks and debris is 1128.5 km2. It has been determined that the stony soil areas are 1094.2 km2. As a result of the study, classified map outputs related to land uses and some soil properties were obtained. It will be inevitable that this research will provide important database bases for other studies to be carried out in this region in the future.
Strategic directions for the formation of an effective risk management system in agricultural organizations of the Republic of Belarus
Authors: Pavlovich L. M.
Published: September 2021

The article substantiates the strategic directions for the formation of an effective risk management system by business entities in the agricultural sector of the Republic of Belarus. A conceptual model for the development of an effective risk management system in agriculture, a methodology for identifying and assessing risks in agricultural organizations have been developed. A set of organizational and economic measures to anticipate risks and minimize losses of agricultural organizations has been substantiated.
Immunogenetic Epidemiology of Type 1 Diabetes in 14 Continental Western European Countries
Authors: James Lisa M. , Georgopoulos Apostolos P.
Published: September 2021

Human leukocyte antigen (HLA) is widely recognized to influence individual Type 1 diabetes (T1D) risk. Here we utilized an immunogenetic epidemiological approach to evaluate the influence of HLA on T1D at the population level. Specifically, we evaluated the correlations between the population frequencies of 127 HLA Class I and II alleles and the population prevalence of T1D in 14 Continental Western European countries to identify a population-level HLA profile for T1D. The results of these analyses generally corroborated prior findings regarding the influence of HLA on T1D risk and protection and revealed several novel HLA-T1D associations. The findings, discussed within the context of the role of HLA in pathogen elimination and autoimmunity, point to a contributory role of exposure to pathogens in the absence of protective HLA in underlying the autoimmune destruction of pancreatic beta cells in T1D.
FORECASTING THE DEVELOPMENT OF CULTURAL ENTERPRISES IN THE BALTIC STATES AND UKRAINE
Authors: Darovanets Oleksandr , Darovanets Kateryna
Published: September 2021

The purpose of the paper is to forecast the development of cultural enterprises in the Baltic states and Ukraine. The article identifies the practical aspect. The enterprises of the cultural sector of Lithuania, Latvia, Estonia, and Ukraine are analyzed. The development of cultural enterprises of these countries is presented graphically. The forecast is made. The trend line shows the geometric representation of the average values of the analyzed indicators obtained using any mathematical function. The displayed value of the approximation’s reliability shows the compliance’s degree of the trend model with the original data, as a forecast of cultural enterprises. Methodology. The following research methods were used: the method of generalization of theoretical knowledge was used to form the authors’ approach to the definition of terms; tabular method, analysis, which was used to estimate the number and average size of enterprises in the field of culture in the Baltic states and Ukraine; the graphic method was used for the number of cultural enterprises in Lithuania, Latvia, Estonia, and Ukraine; the exponential method was used when constructing a trend line; the approximation method was used for the prediction equation; extrapolation method was used to calculate the projected number and the average size of enterprises in the cultural sectors in Lithuania, Latvia, Estonia, and Ukraine. Results. The forecast is based on the number of cultural enterprises per capita in the Baltic states and Ukraine. Conclusions are made and proposals for improving the activities of the cultural sector in the leading countries of the world are presented. The study is based on a review of the literature, scientific articles on the development of cultural enterprises in the Baltic states and Ukraine. Practical implications. Forecasting the development of cultural enterprises will make it possible to predict activities and avoid miscalculations in the area of the Baltic states and Ukraine. Value/originality. The results of this study provide an opportunity to further make a rating assessment for 2021 and a projected rating assessment of cultural enterprises in the Baltic states and Ukraine. This will provide an opportunity to learn about the level of development of Ukraine in comparison with leading European countries.
REAL-TIME 2.5D INVERSION OF LWD RESISTIVITY MEASUREMENTS USING DEEP LEARNING FOR GEOSTEERING APPLICATIONS ACROSS FAULTED FORMATIONS
Authors:   The University of Texas at Austin, Noh Kyubo , Torres-Verdín Carlos ,   The University of Texas at Austin;, Pardo David ,   UPV/EHU, BCAM, Ikerbasque
Published: September 2021

We develop a Deep Learning (DL) inversion method for the interpretation of 2.5-dimensional (2.5D) borehole resistivity measurements that requires negligible online computational costs. The method is successfully verified with the inversion of triaxial LWD resistivity measurements acquired across faulted and anisotropic formations. Our DL inversion workflow employs four independent DL architectures. The first one identifies the type of geological structure among several predefined types. Subsequently, the second, third, and fourth architectures estimate the corresponding spatial resistivity distributions that are parameterized (1) without the crossings of bed boundaries or fault plane, (2) with the crossing of a bed boundary but without the crossing of a fault plane, and (3) with the crossing of the fault plane, respectively. Each DL architecture employs convolutional layers and is trained with synthetic data obtained from an accurate high-order, mesh-adaptive finite-element forward numerical simulator. Numerical results confirm the importance of using multi-component resistivity measurements -specifically cross-coupling resistivity components- for the successful reconstruction of 2.5D resistivity distributions adjacent to the well trajectory. The feasibility and effectiveness of the developed inversion workflow is assessed with two synthetic examples inspired by actual field measurements. Results confirm that the proposed DL method successfully reconstructs 2.5D resistivity distributions, location and dip angles of bed boundaries, and the location of the fault plane, and is therefore reliable for real-time well geosteering applications.
LESSONS LEARNED FROM CROSS-VALIDATION OF FIBER OPTICS AND PRODUCTION LOGGING CLUSTER PERFORMANCE ASSESSMENT IN THE UNCONVENTIONAL WELLS
Authors:   Chevron ETC, Se Yegor , Sullivan Michael ,   Chevron Canada, Tohidi Vahid ,   Chevron Canada, Lazorek Michael ,   Chevron Canada, Attia Ahmed ,   Ziebel US, Chen Phillip ,   Ziebel US, Abbassi Linda ,   Openfield Technology, Schoepf Virginie ,   Openfield Technology
Published: September 2021

The well design with long lateral section and multistage frac completion has been proven effective for development of the unconventional reservoirs. Top-tier well production in unconventional reservoir can be achieved by optimizing hydraulic completion and stimulation design, which necessitates an understanding of flow behavior and hydrocarbon contribution allocation.  Historically, conventional production logging (PL) surveys were scarcely used in unconventional reservoirs due to limited and often expensive conveyance options, as well as complicated and non-unique inflow interpretations caused by intricate and changing multi-phase flow behavior (Prakash et al., 2008). The assessment of the cluster performance gradually shifted towards distributed acoustic (DAS) and temperature (DTS) sensing methods using fiber optics cable, which continuously gained popularity in the industry. Fiber optics measurements were anticipated to generate production profiles along the lateral with sub-cluster resolution to assist with optimal completions design selection. Encapsulation of the fiber in the carbon rod provided alternative conveyance method for retrievable DFO measurements, which gained popularity due to cost-efficiency and operational convenience (Gardner et al., 2015). Recent utilization of micro-sensor technology in PL tools, (Abbassi et al, 2018, Donovan et al, 2019) allowed dramatic reduction of the size and the weight of the PL toolstring without compromising wellbore coverage by sensor array. Such ultra-compact PL toolstring could utilize the carbon rod as a taxi and provide mutually beneficial and innovative surveillance combination to evaluate production profile in the unconventional reservoirs. Array holdup and velocity measurements across wellbore from PL would reveal more details regarding multi-phase flow behavior, which could be used for cross-validation and constraining of production inflow interpretation based on DFO measurements. This paper summarizes the lessons learned, key observations and best practices from the unique 4 well program, where such innovative combination was tested in gas rich Duvernay shale reservoir.
PETROPHYSICS SKILL SET GUIDELINES FOR INDEPENDENT PETROPHYSICAL CONTRIBUTORS
Authors:   SPWLA Education SIG, Liu Z. Zack , Ma S. Mark ,   SPWLA Education SIG
Published: September 2021

During the 2014 SPWLA Topical Meeting on “Educating the Petrophysicist”, it recommended that “A minimum set of standards in terms of both knowledge and skills (competencies) for an entry level petrophysicist (SPWLA, 2014). Similar proposal has been raised before as well (Loermans, 2002). With the rapid advance in technology, continuous crew change, and a natural pandemic affecting the oil and gas industry, the learning pattern has been changing from traditional in-person structured courses to more online, on-demand, short course training. For those interested in entering petrophysics discipline or furthering their petrophysics knowledge and skills, the learning path is less clear than other discipline like reservoir engineering, or geology, due to the lack of university degree program in Petrophysics. SPWLA Education SIG has taken on this challenge and developed skill set guidelines for petrophysicists as independent contributors. The current version of the guidelines covers topics including: General Geoscience and Engineering Operations, Fundamental Petrophysical Data Acquisition, Integrated Formation Evaluation, LWD Petrophysics in Formation Evaluation and Geosteering, Reservoir Dynamic Surveillance, Integrated Petrophysical Modeling, and Data Driven Petrophysics. In each topic, it includes basic skills as well as specialized skills. The document was developed with oil and gas industry in mind and can be adapted for petrophysicists working in related fields such as geothermal, mining, carbon management, water resources evaluation, etc. The document will be useful for students interested in learning to be a petrophysicist, a company interested in developing a training program for petrophysicists, and an organization interested in developing skill assessment program for Petrophysicists.
AUTOMATED WORKFLOW TO INDICATE RESERVOIR CONNECTIVITY THROUGH ASPHALTENE EQUILIBRIUM
Authors:   Schlumberger, Jensen Melanie , Venkataramanan Lalitha ,   Schlumberger, Chen Li ,   Schlumberger, Bose Sandip ,   Schlumberger, Tilke Peter ,   Schlumberger, Mullins Oliver C. ,   Schlumberger
Published: September 2021

The evaluation of downhole fluid analysis (DFA) measurements of asphaltene gradients provides the ability to determine the extent of asphaltene equilibrium and the operative reservoir fluid geodynamics (RFG) processes. Typically, equilibrium of reservoir fluids indicates reservoir connectivity, a primary concern in field development planning. Currently, the modeling of asphaltene gradients is done through the manual evaluation of the DFA optical density gradients. The optical density measurements are fit to an equation of state (EOS), such as the Flory-Huggins-Zuo EOS, and evidence for asphaltene equilibrium is concluded if the inferred asphaltene diameter corresponds to that of the Yen-Mullins model for asphaltene composition. In this work, we present an automated Bayesian algorithm that proposes multiple hypotheses for the state of asphaltene equilibrium. The proposed hypotheses honor DFA measurements; physical models for asphaltenes in equilibrium, such as the Yen-Mullins model; and prior domain knowledge of the reservoir, such as geological layers, faults, and flow units. The leading hypotheses are reported, and evidence for or against asphaltene equilibrium is concluded from inferred quantities. Our proposed method provides a faster way for domain experts to explore different reservoir realizations that honor the theory of asphaltenes gradients and previous knowledge about the reservoir. We verify our novel method on three case studies that are undergoing different RFG processes through comparison of the interpretation done by domain experts. While there are many reservoir complexities associated with each case study, we focus on whether the underlying RFG process corresponds to the asphaltenes in equilibrium. The first case study is a light oil reservoir in the Norwegian North Sea that is mostly in fluid equilibrium with exceptions at the flanks. The second case study is a black oil reservoir that has undergone a fault block migration after the reservoir fluids had a chance to achieve equilibrium. The last case study is a black oil reservoir in quasi-equilibrium due to biodegradation in the lower portion of the well.
What Really Works in Telecollaborative Pedagogy?
A Case Study of an Algerian-Moldovan Project
Authors: Sadouni Rachida
Published: September 2021

This chapter presents and discusses an international telecollaborative text-writing and translation project conducted during the second semester of a translation course in 2017, 2018 and 2019. The participants were non-native intermediate students of French from universities in Algeria and Moldova. This paper firstly provides theoretical background on telecollaboration and its benefits for learners from different geographical, linguistic, and cultural contexts. Secondly, it analyses the challenges of telecollaborating via asynchronous and exolingual communication (email). To do this, I analyse student perspectives on the efficacy of the approach in the form of reports administered before and after the tellecollaborations. The chapter concludes that telecollaboration between learners from different backgrounds is difficult, but can succeed and remains an opportunity to develop linguistic, cultural and digital skills along with intercultural awareness. In the conclusions I give an overall evaluation of the case study, and suggestions for a future telecollaborative work.
EU Refugee Crisis: A Stumbling Block to the Process of European Integration?
Authors: Stivas Dionysios
Published: September 2021

Currently, the European Union (EU) is dealing with an unprecedented refugee crisis which has been blamed for bringing the process of the EU integration to an impasse. By applying theories of European (dis)integration, this paper assesses the extent to which the current refugee crisis constitutes an impediment to the future of the European Union. This paper’s analysis is constructed around two hypotheses: (1) the refugee crisis triggered Brexit and the failure of the EU’s relocation scheme, symptoms of the EU’s disintegration; (2) the refugee crisis has a dual potential: to simultaneously promote the deeper integration and the disintegration of the EU. To test these hypotheses, this paper examines if and how the refugee crisis is related to Brexit and whether the rebellious reaction of certain EU member states to the implementation of the EU relocation scheme is a sign of reversal in the process of EU integration.
First Year Student Perception and Experience of Online Topographical Anatomy Laboratory Classes using Zoom Technology during the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Klein Rudi , Tomassoni Chiara , Rajaraman Gayathri , Winchester Maxwell , Eizenberg Norman , Sinnayah Puspha
Published: September 2021

During semester one of 2020, the units ‘Functional Anatomy of the Trunk’ and ‘Functional Anatomy of the Limbs’ which focus on human topographical anatomy were re-designed into an online delivery format and taught remotely in response to the COVID-19 lockdown. It was expected that the move to remote teaching would negatively impact student perception and learning experience, in particular that of the cadaver-based laboratory work. The aim of this study was to investigate whether the replacement of traditional face-to-face cadaver-based anatomy laboratories with an online version using digital anatomy resources and Zoom technology as the communication platform would achieve comparable student learning experience and outcomes. First Year Students (n=69) enrolled in these units were invited to participate in this study and were asked at the conclusion of each unit to complete an anonymous opinion-based survey via Qualtrics. The Qualtrics data, student grades and Learning Management System (LMS) statistics were analysed. Results indicate that student perception of the online gross anatomy laboratory learning was positive and that it had complemented their learning. Most students agreed that as a visual learning resource, it provided an improved understanding of anatomy and helped with the application of anatomical knowledge. Interestingly, student performance showed a similar range of marks compared with previous years. However, students strongly agreed that the online 2D learning experience had significant limitations when compared to live use of cadavers in laboratories.
Responses to COVID-19 in the Context of Quality Assurance, Quality Improvement and Scholarship Requirements for Curricula
Authors: Acuna Tina , Kelder Jo-Anne
Published: September 2021

Our Curriculum Evaluation and Research-STEM Teaching Fellowship embeds leadership for active engagement in scholarship within teaching teams. It is a response to Higher Education Standards Framework (HESF) minimum requirements for continuous evaluation informing ongoing curriculum transformation, specifically the TEQSA Guidance Note: Scholarship (2018). The Fellowship contextualised the existing ‘Curriculum Evaluation Research (CER) framework’ (Kelder & Carr, 2017) for the specific characteristics of STEM degrees and teaching teams. The framework supports team-based planning and doing activities that are aligned with institutional structures, processes and governance instruments, so that scholarship can be made visible, monitored, measured, met and reported at the level of degree curriculum. Here we describe fellowship outcomes in the context of responses to COVID-19 using a case study at the University of Tasmania.
Error of small parameter methods in solving shortened equations of a synchronized oscillator
Authors: Rapin V.V.
Published: September 2021

The paper considers the use of recently appeared analytical methods for solving shortened equations of a synchronized oscillator. These are a quasi-small parameter method and a combined small parameter method. Both methods use the classic small parameter method. A peculiarity of their application is that in this case they are used for solving nonlinear differential equations that do not contain a small parameter. The difference between the above methods is in obtaining the equations of the first approximation. In the quasi-small parameter method, they are linear differential equations obtained by linearizing the original nonlinear differential equations in the area of the zero frequency detuning. In the combined small parameter method, the equations of the first approximation are obtained by approximating the original nonlinear differential equations. Of course, a number of transformations of these equations were made for this. The approximation made it possible to obtain better representation of the original nonlinear differential equations by means of linear differential equations. This representation provided a smaller error, which in both cases was presented as a discrepancy. The discrepancy does not allow obtaining a relative error and investigating its peculiarity.

A study of the relative error of the quasi-small parameter method shows that this error is a continuous function of the frequency detuning with a zero value for a zero frequency detuning.

A function representing relative error has a gap at zero frequency detuning for the combined small parameter method. However, this kind of gap can be eliminated by additional function definition.
Pengaruh Kepuasan Kerja Terhadap Komitmen Organisasi
Authors: Sari Maria Puspita , Lestari Mathilda Sri , Suprapto Suprapto
Published: September 2021

Karyawan perusahaan sebagai sumber daya manusia merupakan modal penting yang harus mendapat perhatian tinggi oleh perusahaan, tak terkecuali perusahaan konstruksi. Seiring dengan pesatnya pertumbuhan sektor konstruksi, kegiatan konstruksi dilakukan secara merata di berbagai daerah di Indonesia, salah satunya di kawasan kabupaten Sukoharjo. Karyawan akan cenderung meninggalkan organisasi apabila merasa tidak puas dengan iklim kerja dan karakteristik pekerjaannya. Karyawan akan memiliki komitmen organisasi yang tinggi ketika merasa puas dengan pekerjaan, supervisi, gaji, promosi dan rekan kerja. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi pengaruh kepuasan kerja karyawan terhadap komitmen organisasi dengan mengambil studi kasus pada perusahaan konstruksi di wilayah kecamatan Baki, Sukoharjo. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan menyebarkan kuesioner kepada 30 orang karyawan perusahaan konstruksi. Metode pengolahan data yang digunakan ialah regresi linier. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat hubungan positif dan signifikan antara kepuasan kerja terhadap komitmen organisasi.

Kata kunci : kepuasan kerja, komitmen organisasi, karyawan konstruksi, regresi linier
Application of C4.5 Algorithm for Late Payment Classification of Insurance Premiums
Authors: Karlia Jefry Antonius , Nurmansyah Wawan
Published: September 2021

The problem that often arises in insurance companies is the number of customers who do not smoothly pay premiums. The procedure that applies to the insurance during the grace period is 30 days. The insured customer must follow the premium payment procedure, if the customer does not pay the premium, the insurance policy will be canceled, this is part of the company's loss. An insurance company has a lot of data and this data can be processed to produce information on how to find out potential customer delays from a pattern formed using the C4.5 method. This research was conducted by applying the C4.5 algorithm using insurance customer data. The results of this study are a classification system for late payment of insurance premiums that can classify insurance customer premium payment status as a consideration for accepting insurance customers. The system test results show that the system can classify the status of insurance customer premium payments with a classification accuracy of 88%.

Keywords: Algorithm C 4.5, Insurance, Classification, Premium
Food Security and Research Agenda in African Swine Fever Virus: a new Arbovirus Threat in the Dominican Republic
Authors: Paulino-Ramirez Robert
Published: September 2021

An outbreak of African Swine Fever Virus (ASFV) has been reported in La Hispaniola. Ecological niches of transmission and further characterization of vectors involved should be included in a research agenda to reduce the impact on emerging pathogens affecting food security in a previous afflicted region.
Methodological Aspects of Compiling Open Budget Rankings
Authors:   Financial Research Institute, Moscow 127006, Russian Federation, Belousov Yuriy V. , Timofeeva Olga I. ,   Financial Research Institute, Moscow 127006, Russian Federation,   Financial University under the Government of the Russian Federation, Moscow 125993, Russian Federation
Published: September 2021

Budget transparency is an effective tool in improving the quality of public budget executions. Ranking countries, regions and municipalities based on budget transparency is of interest for scientists and professionals in the whole world, including Russia. Methodologies behind budget transparency are a rather complex tool, the quality of which largely affects the results. This paper analyzes the available and applied ranking methodologies — in particular, the Open Budget Index (OBI) by the International Budget Partnership (IBP), transparency indices of local budgets in Kazakhstan and Croatia, and the ranking of the Russian Federation’s constituent territories by the level of budget data openness. During the analysis we identified the methodological principles of each of the considered approaches, their differences and similarities. Special attention was paid to problematic issues of the International Budget Partnership’s methodology. It is especially important to specify these problems, as the IBP methodology is a model in measuring the level of budget transparency. By using the ranking of Russian regions in terms of budget transparency levels, we demonstrate how to use special techniques and methods targeted at improving the quality of managing public fiscal performance.
Cellular Companies as a Model of a Mechanism for Reducing Sanctions Risks for Business
Authors:   Financial Research Institute, Moscow 127006, Russian Federation, Utkin Viktor S. , Kuznetsov Yury V. ,   Financial Research Institute, Moscow 127006, Russian Federation
Published: September 2021

Economic sanctions, including financial ones, will be increasingly used in the practice of international relations in the foreseeable future as an instrument of pressure of some states or interstate associations on others. This creates incentives for the search and implementation of financial innovations aimed at reducing sanctions risks for businesses. The article demonstrates that the impetus for the creation of some important modern financial instruments and infrastructures was the attempts of states to legislatively or administratively regulate the market. The case of sanctions is likely to be no exception. One of the possible models for minimizing sanctions pressure on businesses can be the legal form of a protected cell company. It have been a financial innovation that originally emerged in the captive insurance industry and its objective was, among other things, to reduce the regulatory burden. Structures similar to protected cellular companies can potentially create the possibility to make the operations of national businesses of target countries opaque for external actors (financial regulators and monitoring agencies) that enforce sanctions. In the same time this model preserves the control of the target country’s own jurisdiction and transparency of business for its regulators. In essence, it creates a kind quasi-offshore legal regime, which, unlike traditional internal offshore zones, is designed to mitigate not internal, but external regulatory pressure.
Meeting the Challenge of Economic Sanctions: Russian Legislative and Institutional Perspective
Authors:   MGIMO University, Moscow 119454, Russian Federation, Timofeev Ivan N.
Published: September 2021

The article deals with the Russian experience of countering foreign economic sanctions. It makes a special stress on the legislative and institutional perspectives of the Russian practice. The key point implies that, despite significant innovations, Russian institutional design of counter-sanctions policy still suffers from a number of shortcomings. A tentative list includes a lack of coherence of key concepts, unsophisticated distribution of power among different governmental agencies, legal gaps in terms of civil and criminal liability for violation of the Russian counter-sanctions legislation etc. The article provides insights into key Russian legal documents as well as the practice of their implementation. Besides that, the research aims at filling the gap in sanctions literature, related to the disbalance between studies of initiators’ policies and targets of sanctions: research on the policy of initiator states prevail over that on the target states. Inquiry into the Russian practice may contribute to the studies of target states’ policies under sanctions.
فاعلية الأنساق الأنثوية في شعر فاطمة محمود سعد الله
Authors: خليف خضير الحياني محمود , مهدي جابر العامري رائدة
Published: September 2021

إن الأبجديات الأولى التي تجلت في قصيدة شمعةٌ في وجه الريح اشتغلت على منظومة لغوية اتخذت من مسار الخطيئة التي التصقت بالأنثى عبر التاريخ طريقة في تجاوز نسق الإقصاء الذكوري ، فقد كانت عملية الهدم التي بدأتها الشاعرة عن طريق فكرة الإرادة، والتحدي، والحرية، والتي تجسدت في عملية المخاض أو الولادة من رحم الكلمات، فالإشراقات، والتجلي، الذي اتخذ من الكلمة طريقة في التعبير عن فكرة الخلق، وتنظيم الأشياء وترتيبها وإعادة انتاجها من جديد في الخيال الشعري عن طريق اللغة، فتغير النسق المهيمن تم تعديله ،وتحويره ، وامتصاصه ، وتذويبه عن طريق ابراز قدرة المرأة( الأنثى ) في الإبحار لعالم الكلمات الشعرية وموسيقى العروضية، فالقريح هي بيت الوجود الجديد للأنثى، وتمركزها, التي بدأت تصهر كل المتعاليات وسلطة النسق الذكوري في لحظة، وصف المخاض والولادة، وهي في الأصل  استعارة ، أو إشارة إلى أن هناك حضور أنثوي جديد يتم فيه تأثيث العالم الواقعي, الذي يمكن أن يتم تقويضه في عوالم الخيال الشعري الذي يظهر أثر الإشراق ، والوجد، الذي يعمل على غلب معادلة العدم إلى وجود بفعل الكتابة أو سلطة الكلمة التي ركزت عليها الشاعرة .
الرسائل الحربيّة في وقعة صفين مقاربة تداوليّة
Authors: حسين حيال أحمد
Published: September 2021

نحاول في بحثنا هذا كشف القيم التداولية التي تضمنتها الرسائل الحربيّة التي جمعها ابن مزاحم المنقري (ت212هـ) في مدونته (وقعة صفين), والتي جمع فيها ما استطاع من مراسلات ومناظرات شعرية ونثرية بين طرفي الصراع في وقعة صفين, في أثناء الحرب وقبلها, وتتحصل الرسالة قيمتها التداولية من تضمنها لمقاصد المرسِل ومراده , ومعرفة المرسَل إليه بالمشتركات التخاطبية مع المرسل سواء أكانت معلومات مصاحبة لإنتاج الرسالة أم افتراضات مسبقة.
Acute Effects of Static and Dynamic Stretching on Jump Performance of Volleyball Players
Authors: Arı Yasemin , Tunçel Asım , Sever Ozan , Arslangörür Aslıhan
Published: September 2021

The aim of this study is to examine the acute effects of different stretching methods on jump performance of volleyball players. 11 female volleyball players (age: 24.36 ± 5.10 years; height: 177.81 ± 7.30 cm; weight: 68.17 ± 11.69 kg; body mass index (BMI): 21.46 ± 2.56 kg.m-2; sports age: 12.72 ± 5.31 years) have participated voluntarily in this study. The players have applied three different stretching protocols such as control (no stretching), static and dynamic stretching on non-consecutive days. The protocols have included 5 minutes general warm-up, 1 minute rest, 30-second stretch program for each muscle group (control group not included), 1 minute rest and countermovement jump (CMJ), squat jump (SJ) and standing long jump (SLJ) tests. Friedman analysis has been used for data analysis. Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test has been implemented in order to determine the difference among groups. At the end of the study, a significant difference has been found between control and dynamic stretching groups with regard to static stretching groups in view of CMJ and SJ performance findings (p <0.05). It has been found that there is a statistically significant difference in the test averages of dynamic stretching group compared to static stretching group in view of SLJ performance findings (p <0.05). This study shows that static stretching practices reduce the jumping performance of the players. As a result, it can be suggested that trainers should use dynamic stretching methods before the trainings on jumping properties containing explosive movements.
Economic Growth, Income Inequality and Poverty Trends in Pasture Area’s Householder in Sujanagar Upazila, Pabna, Bangladesh: Implications for Development strategy
Authors: Ali Kazi Md. Barkat , Haque A. B. M Anamul
Published: September 2021

The study is based on primary household level data obtained from a survey on income expenditure and poverty measures for 2020-21. The perceptual data were collected through field survey which was based on semi structural questionnaire. Total 162 selected samples were considered and simple random sampling techniques have been adopted during data collection. These factual data were collected from various secondary sources like books, journals, magazines, nationally and internationally published data etc. Human development indicators for 1996 have been compared with the study area (pasture area in SujanagarUpazila, Pabna district, Bangladesh). The empirical result shows the analysis of poverty, income inequality, economic growth & development scenario of pasture area’s in Sujanagarupazila, Pabna district, Bangladesh. The research found that 55% respondents live under the poverty line. The study also examines that these householders play an important contribution to the national GDP but their living level is below than standard one. If these areas’ householders’ development access were more available, they would return a great introduction to the society. This paper advises using anti-poverty policy, the concept of poverty minimizing inequality that the society should be tolerant ofattaining the goal of minimizing poverty. It is useful to differentiate between structural and transient causes of poverty. The provision of public goods plays an imperative role in fighting poverty. The government’s proper planning and initiatives, NGOs and Community based organization’s collaboration help build the study area as a socio-economic and environmentally friendly area in Bangladesh.
LASIK and Dry Eye Disease: A Case Report
Authors: Jeyabaladevan Priyancaa
Published: September 2021

Background: Post- Laser- assisted in situ keratomileusis (LASIK) dry eye is one of the most common postoperative dry eyes after ophthalmic surgeries. Clinically, patients have positive vital staining of the ocular surface, decreased tear breakup times, reduced corneal sensitivity, and decreased visual acuity. In majority of patients, symptoms last about one month, but some patients can experience these symptoms for more than a year. Case presentation: A 29-year-old female with Dry Eye Disease (DED) secondary to isotretinoin use wanted to undergo LASIK for refractive improvement. Ophthalmologists were thorough in informing the patient of the significant risk of post-operative dry eyes, especially in patients with pre-operative DED. A cautious approach was taken by the ophthalmologist, and the patient’s opinion and needs considered. Post-operatively, the patient continues to have DED but reports it is not worse than pre-LASIK and continues to be complaint with dry eye disease treatment. Conclusions: In patients with existing DED, clinicians are vigilant in progressing with LASIK, due to post-operative dry eye symptoms. Careful patient selection and preoperative ocular surface management is recommended for such patient groups. This case reports highlights the importance of clinicians allowing patients to come to an informed decision regarding their care. This patient-centered approach is a model of care that respects patients’ experiences, values, needs and preferences, whilst improving clinical outcomes, better use of resources and increased satisfaction with care.
Authenticity on the Fringe: A Bottom-Up Approach to the Study of the True Self
Authors: Baldwin Matthew , Gino Francesca , Hofmann Wilhelm
Published: September 2021

The quest for authenticity is a potent existential striving. Authenticity is commonly defined as the extent to which a person knows, and lives in accordance with their "true self." We propose that people can also infer whether they are being authentic from ambient feelings of fluency, or the subjective feeling of ease that corresponds to one's immediate experience, mental processing, or physical action. We report findings from four studies and a meta-analysis that support this view. Study 1 shows that experienced fluency during one’s most recent activity predicts authentic feelings independently of other relevant variables. In Study 2, participants’ recalled experiences of authenticity were also those that felt fluent. Study 3 was a pre-registered compliment to Study 2, and shows that participants' recalled experiences of fluency were also those that felt authentic. In a pre-registered Study 4, participants who generated self-defining attributes under cognitive load reported greater difficulty doing so and subsequently lower authenticity. Other attempts to manipulate fluency, reported in the Supplement, were successful in doing so, but did not produce reliable main effects on authenticity. Nevertheless, a robust correlation between self-reported fluency and authenticity was found in these studies. In Study 5, we meta-analyze this fluency-authenticity link using all relevant data collected during this project. We discuss how our phenomenological approach to authenticity can integrate, but also update, recent theorizing about the nature of authenticity and how this model can be used to further speculate about who and what can be authentic.
How diverse is child language acquisition?
Authors: Kidd Evan , Garcia Rowena
Published: September 2021

A comprehensive theory of child language acquisition requires an evidential base that is representative of the typological diversity present in the world’s 7,000 or so languages. However, languages are dying at an alarming rate, and the next 50 years represents the last chance we have to document acquisition in approximately half of them. In the current paper we take stock of the last 45 years of research published in the four main child language acquisition journals: Journal of Child Language, First Language, Language Acquisition, and Language Learning and Development. We coded each article for the following variables: (i) language(s), (ii) topic(s), and (iii) country of author affiliation, from each journal’s inception until the end of 2020. We found that we have at least one article published on around 103 languages, representing only around 1.5% of the world’s languages. The distribution of articles was highly skewed towards English and other well-studied Indo-European languages, with the majority published on non-Indo-European languages having just one paper. There was a more even distribution of topics across language categories, but a vast majority of the research was produced in the Global North. The number of articles published on non-Indo-European languages from countries outside of North America and Europe is increasing; however, this increase is driven by research conducted in relatively wealthy countries. We conclude that, despite a proud history of crosslinguistic research, the goals of the discipline need to be recalibrated before we can lay claim to a truly representative account of child language acquisition.
A Novel Multimodal Speech-Gesture Training and Its Impact on Quality of Life and Neural Processing in Patients With Schizophrenia Spectrum Disorder. A Pilot Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Riedl Lydia , Nagels Arne , Sammer Gebhard , Choudhury Momoko , Nonnenmann Annika , Sütterlin Anne , Feise Chiara , Haslach Maxi , Bitsch Florian , Straube Benjamin
Published: September 2021

Introduction: Dysfunctional social communication is one of the most stable characteristics in patients with schizophrenia that severely affects quality of life. Interpreting abstract speech and integrating nonverbal information is particularly affected which has been associated with neural dysfunctions in temporal lobe regions. Objectives: Considering the difficulty to treat communication dysfunctions with usual intervention, we investigated the possibility to improve quality of life and co-verbal gesture processing in patients with schizophrenia by applying a multimodal speech-gesture training (MSG training).Methods: In the MSG training, we offered eight sessions (60 min each) of training including perceptive and expressive tasks as well as meta-learning elements and transfer exercises to 29 patients with schizophrenia spectrum disorder (SSD). Patients were randomized to a waiting-first group (N=20) or a training-first group (N=9), and were compared to healthy controls (N=17). Outcomes were quality of life and related changes in the neural processing of abstract speech-gesture information, which were measured pre-post training through standardized psychological questionnaires and functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging, respectively.Results: Pre-training, patients showed reduced quality of life as compared to controls but improved significantly during the training. Strikingly, this improvement was correlated with neural activation changes in the middle temporal gyrus for the processing of abstract multimodal content. Conclusion: With this study, we provide first promising results of a novel multimodal speech-gesture training for patients with schizophrenia. We could link training induced changes in speech-gesture processing to changes in quality of life, demonstrating the relevance of intact communication skills and gesture processing for well-being.
Trait anxiety as a risk factor for impulse control disorders in de novo Parkinson’s disease
Authors: Waskowiak Pauline , Koppelmans Vincent , Ruitenberg Marit
Published: September 2021

**Published in Journal of Parkinson's Disease** Background: In addition to the well-known motor symptoms, patients with Parkinson’s disease (PD) also frequently experience disabling non-motor symptoms including impulse control disorders (ICDs). ICDs are character-ized by a loss of voluntary control over impulses, drives, or temptations regarding excessive hedonic behavior. Objective: The present study exam-ined whether depression and anxiety in de novo PD patients predict the prospective development of ICDs. Methods: We selected 334 de novo PD patients from the Parkinson’s Progression Markers Initiative database who were free of ICDs at the start of the study. ICD presence at baseline and follow-up assessments was evaluated via the shortened version of the Questionnaire for Impulsive‐Compulsive Disorders (QUIP-S). Baseline de-pression and anxiety were measured via the Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS-15) and State-Trait-Anxiety Inventory (STAI-Y), respectively. Results: A total of 149 participants (45.2%) developed an ICD at follow-up and av-erage time of ICD onset was 35 months after baseline. Results of a Cox re-gression analysis showed that STAI-Y scores but not GDS-15 scores signifi-cantly predicted ICD presence. Specifically, scores reflecting higher trait anxiety were associated with an increased risk of developing an ICD. This effect was not confounded by age, gender or UPDRS motor score. We also replicated the well-established result that dopamine agonist use is predic-tive of ICDs. Conclusions: Our findings indicate that higher anxiety levels in de novo PD patients represent a risk factor for ICD development during the course of the disorder. This highlights the need for early and routine based anxiety screening in these patients.
Valence-Dependent Mutation in Lexical Evolution
Authors: Jackson Joshua Conrad , Lindquist Kristen A , Drabble Ryan , Atkinson Quentin , Watts Joseph
Published: September 2021

A central goal of linguistics is to understand how words evolve over time, and how geographic, demographic, and cognitive variables have influenced this process of evolution. Whereas past research has focused on how macro-level factors like frequency of word usage, population size, and borrowing impact lexical evolution, we draw on insights from cognitive and affective science to test whether the valence (positivity-negativity) of concepts explains variation in rates of lexical evolution. Using estimates of cognate replacement rates for 200 concepts on an Indo-European language tree spanning 6-10 millennia of language evolution, we find that words for negative concepts (e.g., dirty, bad) evolve more quickly than words for positive concepts (e.g., clean, good). In two large online studies, we find that people are more likely to choose to replace words for negative concepts than positive concepts. These effects hold controlling for frequency of use, borrowing, and other semantic properties. Our findings suggest that the valence of concepts affects micro-scale processes of guided variation, which scales up to produce macro-level patterns of lexical evolution. This process informs linguistics research on language change and psychological research on the affective and cognitive properties of lexical semantics.
Volitional Motion Theory
Authors: Kondo Masaru
Published: September 2021

I propose a mathematical model for quantifying willpower and an application based on the model. Volitional Motion Theory (VMT) is a mathematical model that draws on classical mechanics, thermodynamics, statistical mechanics, information theory, and philosophy. The resulting numbers are statistical theoretical values deduced using observable data. VMT can be applied to a variety of fields, including behavioral science, behavioral economics, and computational neuroscience. For example, ”What is animal spirit in economics?” VMT is one proposal to answer this question. In addition, a scheduling application has been created to validate VMT. This application is open to the public for anyone to use.
Severity of Post-Stroke Cognitive Impairment Moderates the Relationship Between Cognitive Change and Emotional Distress in the Months Following Stroke
Authors: Wheeler Miranda , Williams Owen , Johns Louise , Chiu Grace , Slavkova Elitsa D. , Demeyere Nele
Published: September 2021

Depression and anxiety are common psychological consequences of stroke. Here, we investigated the relationships between cognitive change following stroke, awareness of cognitive impairments, and mood to further understanding of change processes influencing psychological outcomes post-stroke in line with the “Y-shaped” process model. Stroke patients (n = 143) were assessed at 3-weeks (T1) and 6-months (T2) post stroke and had completed the Oxford Cognitive Screen (T1 and T2), the Cognitive Failures Questionnaire (CFQ; T2), and the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS; T2). An ANCOVA controlling for disability relating to activities of daily living (ADL) revealed that awareness of cognitive impairment was significantly lower in participants with moderate-severe cognitive impairment. Regression analysis indicated that greater awareness of cognitive impairment and greater independence in ADL were associated with lower HADS scores at T2. Finally, cognitive improvement over time was associated with lower HADS scores at T2. This was moderated by acute cognitive impairment, suggesting that this effect was largest for those most cognitively impaired at T1. Together, predictors explained 36.9% variance in the model, whereby the interaction variable explained 2.2% variance. Targeting those most cognitively impaired post-stroke with cognitive rehabilitation may positively impact their long-term emotional adjustment.
Understanding discrimination effects in private rental housing
Authors: Maalsen Sophia , Wolifson Peta , Rogers Dallas , Nelson Jacqueline , Buckle Caitlin
Published: September 2021

This research examines discrimination and existing policy, law and practice in Australia’s private rental sector including the impact of informal tenancies and the increasing role of digital technologies.