bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Physicochemical and rheological characterizations of Cocos nucifera L. and Elaeis guineensis Jacq. (Arecaceae) oils for black hair shampoo formulation
Authors: Tuo-Kouassi Awa Nakognon , N’guessan-Gnaman Kakwokpo Clémence , Konan Marcel Koffi , Adjoua Aka-Any-Grah Sandrine Armelle , Kablan Landry Claude Ahmont , Dally Ismael Laba , N’guessan Alain , Chougouo- Nkuitchou Kengne Rosine Désirée , Gnahoré Lia José Arthur , Koffi Armand
Published: February 2021

Black hair suffers from a lipid deficiency, either on the surface with a decrease in sebaceous secretion or in depth with a lack of covalent bonds between the lipids and the cuticular cells. The result is a porous cuticle, a dull, rough hair that is difficult to untangle and breaks easily. The aim of this study was to evaluate properties of oils extracted from Cocos nucifera and Elaeis guineensis intended for the formulation of shampoos for black hair. Physicochemical and rheological analyses were carried out. Both oils showed a refractive index of 1.45 and melting points of 28 °C and 30 °C for coconut oil and palm kernel oil, respectively. The relative densities, moisture contents, saponification indexes, peroxide values, unsaponifiable matter contents, para-anisidine values were relatively similar while iodine and acid values were different. Both oils are rich in lauric, oleic and linoleic acids. These oils exhibited a Newtonian behavior and a dominant elastic nature after their melting temperature in the study conditions. They could constitute active ingredients for the formulation of shampoo for black hair in view of their different characteristics.Keywords: Physico-chemical analyses, rheological parameters, Cocos nucifera oil, Elaeis guineensis oil.
Achievements and Gaps in the Application of the Land Registration System in ANRS: The Case of West Gojjam Zone
Authors: Moges Melkamu Belachew
Published: February 2021

Land registration system has been put in place in the rural areas of Amhara National Regional State (ANRS) since 2002. The courts in the regional state decide on land disputes based on land information obtained from the land administration offices. These offices are expected to supply the information available at the land registration system. However, land administration and use offices often get the information directly from the public on an individual case basis following order from a court. This is mainly attributable to the low level of using the land registration system in the region by the land administration offices and legal professionals. The land registration system is not used to its maximum potential to alleviate the problem of land dispute. A case study approach is used in this article, and five rural woredas were purposively chosen because of high prevalence of land disputes. Questionnaires, focus group discussions (FGDs) and court cases are used. The research indicates the need for a strong institutional and regulatory mechanism of land management in ANRS.
Legisprudential Evaluation of Ethiopian Criminal Law-Making
Authors: Assefa Simeneh Kiros
Published: February 2021

The state adopts criminal rules and punishment in order to achieve various state ends. There is very little agreement regarding the content of ‘good criminal law’. However, there is a general agreement regarding ‘good’ criminal lawmaking process. This article argues that the lawmaking process may be used to evaluate the legitimacy of the criminalisation process. Thus, it discusses pre-legislation, legislation and post-legislation phase duties of the legislature and finds that these processes were not complied with in various Ethiopian laws that contain penal provisions.
Institutional Independence of Federal Courts in Ethiopia: Observations (Amharic)
Authors: Degol Aron
Published: February 2021

As one of the three organs of government, the structure and powers of the judiciary are enshrined in the 1995 FDRE Constitution. Articles 78 to 81 of the FDRE Constitution and other laws deal with the independence of the judiciary, judicial powers, jurisdiction of courts and appointment of judges. The principles enshrined in these laws include the independence of the judiciary which has two dimensions, i.e., individual/professional independence of judges and institutional independence of courts from other organs of the government. This article focuses on the legal regime and the practices with regard to the institutional independence of federal courts in Ethiopia that are inconsistent with the constitutional guarantee of judicial independence which includes empowerment in the preparation of budget, the process of budget approval, level of autonomy in using revenue generated through court fees, independent administration of support staff at courts, procurement processes and property administration. The article analyzes the relevant laws and discusses comparative experience on these avenues of concern and calls for due attention to the gaps that should be addressed.
Comment: Ethiopia’s Ongoing Criminal Justice Reform: Modus Operandi, Methodology and Observations
Authors: Abdo Muradu
Published: February 2021

This Comment relates to activities undertaken by the Criminal Justice Working Group (WG) under the auspices of the Legal and Justice Affairs Advisory Council (AC). It covers the period between 17 August 2018 and December 2020. The Comment highlights factors calling for reform of Ethiopia`s criminal justice, institutional arrangement for the ongoing legal and justice reform in Ethiopia and three principal tasks carried out by the WG. It also briefly forwards issues of concern and expression of gratitude.
Subject Index of Peer Reviewed Articles: Volumes 1 to 14
Authors: Stebek EN
Published: February 2021

No abstract
Experimental study comparing burn healing effects of raw South African Shea butter and the samples from a Libyan market
Authors: Treesh Soad A. , Saadawi Sakina S. , Alennabi Khairi A. , Aburawi Suher M. , Lotfi Kholoud , Ben Musa Amal S.
Published: February 2021

Background: The fat extracted from the nut of the African Shea tree (Vitellaria paradoxa) is called Shea butter. It has multiple uses at the local level as it is used in cosmetic products and as a cocoa butter substitute in chocolate industries. It has a high nutritious value and is also a valuable product on the local, national, and international markets, making it the ideal candidate to research and invest in.Aim: This study is a comparative experimental study of the possible burn healing effects between imported South African raw Shea butter and samples in a Libyan market.Method: The control samples were brought from South Africa (Benin traditional markets). A total of 18 different samples were collected from different sale centers in Tripoli, including pharmacies, beauty shops, and spices shops, in addition to one sample brought from Poland. Animal experiment on burn healing effect was carried out on nine male Sprague Dawley (350–400 g) rats aged 6–8 weeks old. After shaving the animal’s dorsum hair, a metal cube was used to create a deep second degree burn wound, and the cube was heated to 100°C for 20 seconds. Medication with Shea butter (control, T1, and T2) was initiated daily for one for these groups by the application of a thin film of the Shea butter samples on the burned areas. On days 1, 3, and 7, the rats were anesthetised and a sample from the burned scar tissue and skin adjacent were evaluated using pathological parameters.Results: The histological study indicates that the use of Shea butter T1 as topical treatment induces an immune response, which enhances the form of the presence of a large number of inflammatory cells in the epidermis and dermis layers. The treatment of burned skin with T2 lasted for 72 hours and it showed slightly significant healing in the normal structure of proliferative granulation tissue with accumulation of fibroblasts and inflammatory cells surrounding the sebaceous glands and hair follicles. Small areas of the epidermis which formed few layers were observed and some hair roots were grown. This was well seen in cases of T1 and T2. Shea butter bought as raw might have a bad effect on burned skin. Conclusion: Shea butter bought as raw might have bad effect on burned skin. On the other hand, the sample from Poland had a therapeutic effect, which was because of the additives such as avocado oil, grape seed oil, and others.
Retrospective evaluation of surgical outcomes after closure of durotomy in eight dogs affected by spinal subarachnoid diverticulum
Authors: Spinillo Simone , Golini Lorenzo , Mariscoli Massimo , Motta Luca
Published: February 2021

Background: Canine spinal subarachnoid diverticulum has been studied since 1968 and a few advancements have been made with regard to the treatment of this disease. Several surgical techniques have been proposed which include durectomy, fenestration, and/or marsupilization with the latter two regarded as the more favorable surgical treatments. Aim: In this retrospective study, we evaluated the closure of the durotomy incision in the treatment of canine spinal subarachnoid diverticulum. Methods: We retrospectively evaluated eight dogs with clinical signs and magnetic resonance imaging findings consistent with spinal subarachnoid diverticulum located in the cervical and thoracolumbar area. This was to determine whether the fenestration with closure of durotomy was superior to the marsupialization technique. In all dogs, fenestration and removal of subarachnoid adherences alongside closure of the durotomy were carried out.  Results: Mild post-operative deterioration was observed in all dogs. Follow-up from 7 to 36 months indicated a satisfactory outcome. Conclusion: We conclude that the closure of durotomy has similar short-term and long-term outcomes compared to the previous reported studies. These results suggest that the closure of durotomy is a viable technique for spinal subarachnoid diverticulum.
What are the potential biomarkers that should be considered in diagnosing and managing canine chronic inflammatory enteropathies?
Authors: Sacoor Carina , Barros Luís Meireles , Montezinho Liliana
Published: February 2021

Chronic inflammatory enteropathies in dogs are characterized by persistent or recurrent gastrointestinal signs that lastfor more than 3 weeks. Despite unclear etiopathogenesis, it is considered that a genetic predisposition associated withenvironmental factors, such as dietary antigens and intestinal microbiota, might induce an abnormal immune responsein the host. The diagnosis of this condition requires full investigation in order to exclude all other possible causes. Currently, the observation of clinical signs associated with histopathologic evaluation and systematic therapeutic trials is the gold standard for the diagnosis of chronic enteropathies. Furthermore, diagnosis, monitoring the disease progression, and treatment response evaluation can be exhausting, since this whole process is time-consuming, costly, and partially invasive. Therefore, biomarkers appear as non-invasive tools, which can be useful in evaluating gastrointestinal function, identifying the presence of the disease and assessing its natural progression, monitoring gastrointestinal inflammation, predicting response to treatment, and clinical outcomes. Over the past decade, several studies were conducted in order to explore the clinical utility of biomarkers. Thus, the aim of this dissertation is to provide an overview of the biomarkers considered relevant in the diagnosis and management of dogs with chronic inflammatory enteropathies. The biomarkers addressed in this study may be serological, present in urine and feces, or even tissue-derived. This study argues that biomarkers, in particular calprotectin and calgranulin C, have great potential to be used in clinical practice in the diagnosis and management of affected dogs. However, a single biomarker cannot assuredly predict disease severity, progression, response to treatment, and clinical outcomes. Therefore, in order to achieve greater accuracy, it would be beneficial if these tools are used in conjunction with contemporary ones. Future research is needed with the aim to better determine the usefulness of these tools in chronic inflammatory enteropathies in dogs.
Empty Your Eyes and Bite the Star: Fragments, Entropy, Confabulation, and Structure in Cut-up Methods
Authors:   , Smith Oliver
Published: February 2021

Cut-up method has been notably applied as an avant-garde form. It originated as a piece of anti-art and its most famous practitioner, William Burroughs, used its fragmentary aesthetic to complement his transgressive subject matter. This thesis explores cut-up method’s relationship with Surrealist painting and its application as a means to the marvellous; the method’s ability to surprise both writers and readers. It addresses the central question: how can the Cut-up method be used to disassemble text and explore how the fragments can be constructed, reconstructed, or deliberately misconstructed to create a new text? I have adopted a cognitive approach to the analytical essays, which draw upon cross-disciplinary material including art history, literary criticism, cognitive science, information theory, computing, and the neuroscience of memory. The theoretical analysis and creative practice are integrated in both process and form. Discourses from the theoretical essays are mapped and remapped onto the creative practice and back again. Associated concepts such as fragments, entropy, confabulation, structure, and entrainment are examined both in the fiction and analysis. Empty your Eyes and Bite the Star identifies how, when viewed as a way of writing, cut-up operates from the bottom up rather than top down as in conventional models of practice; and explores the resulting differences in process and structure. It demonstrates the method’s usefulness as a means of generating original text but also shows how cognition imposes certain limitations on its effectiveness. It identifies areas that may be explored by practitioners to effectively target aleatory methods within new domains of creative practice and identifies how further research into the use of cut-up is possible using a quantitative analytical approach.
Some remarks on regular foliations with numerically trivial canonical class
Authors: Druel Stéphane
Published: February 2021

In this article, we first describe codimension two regular foliations with numerically trivial canonical class on complex projective manifolds whose canonical class is not numerically effective. Building on a recent algebraicity criterion for leaves of algebraic foliations, we then address regular foliations of small rank with numerically trivial canonical class on complex projective manifolds whose canonical class is pseudo-effective. Finally, we confirm the generalized Bondal conjecture formulated by Beauville in some special cases.

Comment: 20 pages
Syzygies of Prym and paracanonical curves of genus 8
Authors: Colombo Elisabetta , Farkas Gavril , Verra Alessandro , Voisin Claire
Published: February 2021

By analogy with Green's Conjecture on syzygies of canonical curves, the Prym-Green conjecture predicts that the resolution of a general level p paracanonical curve of genus g is natural. The Prym-Green Conjecture is known to hold in odd genus for almost all levels. Probabilistic arguments strongly suggested that the conjecture might fail for level 2 and genus 8 or 16. In this paper, we present three geometric proofs of the surprising failure of the Prym-Green Conjecture in genus 8, hoping that the methods introduced here will shed light on all the exceptions to the Prym-Green Conjecture for genera with high divisibility by 2.

Comment: 23 pages; to appear in EPIGA Vol 1, paper no. 7
Prime Fano threefolds of genus 12 with a $G_m$-action
Authors: Kuznetsov Alexander , Prokhorov Yuri
Published: February 2021

We give an explicit construction of prime Fano threefolds of genus 12 with a $G_m$-action, describe their isomorphism classes and automorphism groups.

Comment: 14 pages, LaTeX, updated version, to appear in \'Epijournal de G\'eom\'etrie Alg\'ebrique, Vol. 2 (2018), Article Nr. 3
The parabolic exotic t-structure
Authors: Achar Pramod N , Cooney Nicholas , Riche Simon N.
Published: February 2021

Let G be a connected reductive algebraic group over an algebraically closed field k, with simply connected derived subgroup. The exotic t-structure on the cotangent bundle of its flag variety T^*(G/B), originally introduced by Bezrukavnikov, has been a key tool for a number of major results in geometric representation theory, including the proof of the graded Finkelberg-Mirkovic conjecture. In this paper, we study (under mild technical assumptions) an analogous t-structure on the cotangent bundle of a partial flag variety T^*(G/P). As an application, we prove a parabolic analogue of the Arkhipov-Bezrukavnikov-Ginzburg equivalence. When the characteristic of k is larger than the Coxeter number, we deduce an analogue of the graded Finkelberg-Mirkovic conjecture for some singular blocks.

Soit G un groupe algébrique réductif connexe sur un corps k algébriquement clos. La t-structure exotique sur le fibré cotangent de sa variété de drapeaux T^*(G/B), introduite à l'origine par Bezrukavnikov, a été un outil clé pour de nombreux résultats majeurs en théorie géométrique des représentations, en particulier la démonstration de la conjecture de Finkelberg-Mirkovic graduée. Dans cet article, nous étudions (sous de légères hypothèses techniques) une t-structure analogue sur le fibré cotangent de la variété de drapeaux partiels T^*(G/P). Comme application, nous prouvons un analogue parabolique de l'équivalence de Arkhipov-Bezrukavnikov-Ginzburg. Lorsque la caractéristique de k est supérieure au nombre de Coxeter, nous déduisons un analogue de la conjecture de Finkelberg-Mirkovic graduée pour certains blocs singuliers.
Q_l-cohomology projective planes and singular Enriques surfaces in characteristic two
Authors: Schütt Matthias
Published: February 2021

We classify singular Enriques surfaces in characteristic two supporting a rank nine configuration of smooth rational curves. They come in one-dimensional families defined over the prime field, paralleling the situation in other characteristics, but featuring novel aspects. Contracting the given rational curves, one can derive algebraic surfaces with isolated ADE-singularities and trivial canonical bundle whose Q_l-cohomology equals that of a projective plane. Similar existence results are developed for classical Enriques surfaces. We also work out an application to integral models of Enriques surfaces (and K3 surfaces).

Comment: 24 pages; v3: journal version, correcting 20 root types to 19 and ruling out the remaining type 4A_2+A_1 (in new section 11)
Chern classes of automorphic vector bundles, II
Authors: Esnault Hélène , Harris Michael
Published: February 2021

We prove that the $\ell$-adic Chern classes of canonical extensions of automorphic vector bundles, over toroidal compactifications of Shimura varieties of Hodge type over $\bar{ \mathbb{Q}}_p$, descend to classes in the $\ell$-adic cohomology of the minimal compactifications. These are invariant under the Galois group of the $p$-adic field above which the variety and the bundle are defined.

Comment: 28 pages
Infinite families of inequivalent real circle actions on affine four-space
Authors: Moser-Jauslin Lucy
Published: February 2021

The main result of this article is to construct infinite families of non-equivalent equivariant real forms of linear C*-actions on affine four-space. We consider the real form of $\mathbb{C}^*$ whose fixed point is a circle. In [F-MJ] one example of a non-linearizable circle action was constructed. Here, this result is generalized by developing a new approach which allows us to compare different real forms. The constructions of these forms are based on the structure of equivariant $\mathrm{O}_2(\mathbb{C})$-vector bundles.

Le résultat principal de cet article est de construire des familles infinies de formes réelles équivariantes, non équivalentes entre elles, d’actions linéaires de $\mathbb{C}^*$ sur l’espace affine de dimension 4. L’article [F-MJ] construisait un exemple d’action du cercle non linéarisable. Ici nous généralisons ce résultat en développant une nouvelle approche qui nous permet de comparer les différentes formes réelles. Les constructions de ces formes réelles s’appuient sur la structure de $\mathrm{O}_2(\mathbb{C})$-fibrés vectoriels équivariants.
Hyperelliptic classes are rigid and extremal in genus two
Authors: Blankers Vance
Published: February 2021

We show that the class of the locus of hyperelliptic curves with $\ell$ marked Weierstrass points, $m$ marked conjugate pairs of points, and $n$ free marked points is rigid and extremal in the cone of effective codimension-($\ell + m$) classes on $\overline{\mathcal{M}}_{2,\ell+2m+n}$. This generalizes work of Chen and Tarasca and establishes an infinite family of rigid and extremal classes in arbitrarily-high codimension.

Comment: Published version
Refined Verlinde formulas for Hilbert schemes of points and moduli spaces of sheaves on K3 surfaces
Authors: Göttsche Lothar
Published: February 2021

We compute generating functions for elliptic genera with values in line bundles on Hilbert schemes of points on surfaces. As an application we also compute generating functions for elliptic genera with values in determinant line bundles on moduli spaces of sheaves on K3 surfaces.
Sur l'existence du sch\'ema en groupes fondametal
Authors: Antei Marco , Emsalem Michel , Gasbarri Carlo
Published: February 2021

Let $S$ be a Dedekind scheme, $X$ a connected $S$-scheme locally of finite type and $x\in X(S)$ a section. The aim of the present paper is to establish the existence of the fundamental group scheme of $X$, when $X$ has reduced fibers or when $X$ is normal. We also prove the existence of a group scheme, that we will call the quasi-finite fundamental group scheme of $X$ at $x$, which classifies all the quasi-finite torsors over $X$, pointed over $x$. We define Galois torsors, which play in this context a role similar to the one of Galois covers in the theory of \'etale fundamental group.

Comment: in French. Final version (finally!)
Finiteness of cohomology groups of stacks of shtukas as modules over Hecke algebras, and applications
Authors: Xue Cong
Published: February 2021

In this paper we prove that the cohomology groups with compact support of stacks of shtukas are modules of finite type over a Hecke algebra. As an application, we extend the construction of excursion operators, defined by V. Lafforgue on the space of cuspidal automorphic forms, to the space of automorphic forms with compact support. This gives the Langlands parametrization for some quotient spaces of the latter, which is compatible with the constant term morphism.

Comment: published version
Zero cycles on the moduli space of curves
Authors: Pandharipande Rahul , Schmitt Johannes
Published: February 2021

While the Chow groups of 0-dimensional cycles on the moduli spaces of Deligne-Mumford stable pointed curves can be very complicated, the span of the 0-dimensional tautological cycles is always of rank 1. The question of whether a given moduli point [C,p_1,...,p_n] determines a tautological 0-cycle is subtle. Our main results address the question for curves on rational and K3 surfaces. If C is a nonsingular curve on a nonsingular rational surface of positive degree with respect to the anticanonical class, we prove [C,p_1,...,p_n] is tautological if the number of markings does not exceed the virtual dimension in Gromov-Witten theory of the moduli space of stable maps. If C is a nonsingular curve on a K3 surface, we prove [C,p_1,...,p_n] is tautological if the number of markings does not exceed the genus of C and every marking is a Beauville-Voisin point. The latter result provides a connection between the rank 1 tautological 0-cycles on the moduli of curves and the rank 1 tautological 0-cycles on K3 surfaces. Several further results related to tautological 0-cycles on the moduli spaces of curves are proven. Many open questions concerning the moduli points of curves on other surfaces (Abelian, Enriques, general type) are discussed.

Comment: Published version
Explicit equations of the Cartwright-Steger surface
Authors: Borisov Lev A. , Yeung Sai-Kee
Published: February 2021

We construct explicit equations of Cartwright-Steger and related surfaces.

Comment: 16 pages, LaTeX
Remarks on the positivity of the cotangent bundle of a K3 surface
Authors: Gounelas Frank , Ottem John Christian
Published: February 2021

Using recent results of Bayer-Macr\`i, we compute in many cases the pseudoeffective and nef cones of the projectivised cotangent bundle of a smooth projective K3 surface. We then use these results to construct explicit families of smooth curves on which the restriction of the cotangent bundle is not semistable (and hence not nef). In particular, this leads to a counterexample to a question of Campana-Peternell.

Comment: Published version
The spectral gluing theorem revisited
Authors: Beraldo Dario
Published: February 2021

We strengthen the gluing theorem occurring on the spectral side of the geometric Langlands conjecture. While the latter embeds $IndCoh_N(LS_G)$ into a category glued out of 'Fourier coefficients' parametrized by standard parabolics, our refinement explicitly identifies the essential image of such embedding.
Covariants, Invariant Subsets, and First Integrals
Authors: Grosshans Frank , Kraft Hanspeter
Published: February 2021

Let $k$ be an algebraically closed field of characteristic 0, and let $V$ be a finite-dimensional vector space. Let $End(V)$ be the semigroup of all polynomial endomorphisms of $V$. Let $E$ be a subset of $End(V)$ which is a linear subspace and also a semi-subgroup. Both $End(V)$ and $E$ are ind-varieties which act on $V$ in the obvious way. In this paper, we study important aspects of such actions. We assign to $E$ a linear subspace $D_{E}$ of the vector fields on $V$. A subvariety $X$ of $V$ is said to $D_{E}$ -invariant if $h(x)$ is in the tangent space of $x$ for all $h$ in $D_{E}$ and $x$ in $X$. We show that $X$ is $D_{E}$ -invariant if and only if it is the union of $E$-orbits. For such $X$, we define first integrals and construct a quotient space for the $E$-action. An important case occurs when $G$ is an algebraic subgroup of $GL(V$) and $E$ consists of the $G$-equivariant polynomial endomorphisms. In this case, the associated $D_{E}$ is the space the $G$-invariant vector fields. A significant question here is whether there are non-constant $G$-invariant first integrals on $X$. As examples, we study the adjoint representation, orbit closures of highest weight vectors, and representations of the additive group. We also look at finite-dimensional irreducible representations of SL2 and its nullcone.
Le probl\`eme de la sch\'ematisation de Grothendieck revisit\'e
Authors: Toën Bertrand
Published: February 2021

The objective of this work is to reconsider the schematization problem of [6], with a particular focus on the global case over Z. For this, we prove the conjecture [Conj. 2.3.6][15] which gives a formula for the homotopy groups of the schematization of a simply connected homotopy type. We deduce from this several results on the behaviour of the schematization functor, which we propose as a solution to the schematization problem.

Comment: 21 pages, french
The maximal unipotent finite quotient, unusual torsion in Fano threefolds, and exceptional Enriques surfaces
Authors: Fanelli Andrea , Schröer Stefan
Published: February 2021

We introduce and study the maximal unipotent finite quotient for algebraic group schemes in positive characteristics. Applied to Picard schemes, this quotient encodes unusual torsion. We construct integral Fano threefolds where such unusual torsion actually appears. The existence of such threefolds is surprising, because the torsion vanishes for del Pezzo surfaces. Our construction relies on the theory of exceptional Enriques surfaces, as developed by Ekedahl and Shepherd-Barron.

Comment: 29 pages; minor changes
Introduction to Hyperspaces
Authors: Burgin Mark
Published: February 2021

The development of mathematics brought mathematicians to infinite structures. This process started with transcendent real numbers and infinite sequences going through infinite series to transfinite numbers to nonstandard numbers to hypernumbers. From mathematics, infinity came to physics where physicists have been trying to get rid of infinity inventing a variety of techniques for doing this. In contrast to this, mathematicians as well as some physicists suggested ways to work with infinity introducing new mathematical structures such distributions and extrafunctions. The goal of this paper is to extend mathematical tools for treating infinity by considering hyperspaces and developing their theory.
The Professional Preparation of Graduate Teachers - A Perspective For The Caribbean
Authors: Goodridge Rudolph
Published: February 2021

If the experience of the attempts of other countries to democratize education can be considered relevant to the Caribbean, it is more than likely that our secondary teachers, in whatever type of school, will increasingly be called upon to face the challenges of teach­ing children of a wide range of abilities, attain­ments, interests, and different in their styles of learning, motivational patterns and back­grounds. The time seems appropriate, therefore, for teacher-trainers in the Caribbean, whether in pre-service or in-service models of training, to re-examine the approaches and emphases in our post-graduate teacher-training pro­grammes to take account of the roles the teacher will most likely be called upon to play in our classrooms.
Exploring the Program-Site Alliance: Building Partnerships Between Counseling Programs and Fieldwork Sites
Authors: Tribitt Tamara , Moody Steven
Published: February 2021

Practicum and internship experiences are critical in students’ professional development in counselor education programs, and the dynamics that occur between programs and field sites can impact these experiences. A program-site alliance is a measure of how well these entities work together. Using Interpretive Phenomenological Analysis, the authors interviewed five site supervisors and found five themes (Site Supervisor Role, Communication Within the Program-Site Alliance, Independent Mutualism, Regulated Support, and Inconsistency Between Program-Site Alliance) capturing the essence of the program-site relationship. The authors explore implications for practice and future research.
Inter-religious Studies in Indonesia With Reference to ICRS
Authors: Setio Robert
Published: February 2021

This article discusses how inter-religious studies is conducted in Indonesia. A case in point is Indonesian Consortium for Religious Studies (ICRS). As one of the founders, Duta Wacana Christian University (UKDW), has its own contributions for ICRS. The Faculty of Theology that plays the actual role as UKDW’s representation in ICRS has made ICRS a continuation of its existence as theological education. In this article, I will describe the link between theology and inter-religious studies as far as the Faculty of Theology UKDW is concerned. Rather than hindering the progress of inter-religious studies as some might worry, theology is in fact can be a significant part of inter-religious studies.
Stabilisasi Tanah Lempung Ekspansif dengan Limbah Keramik
Authors: Rangan Parea Rusan , Arrang Abdias Tandy
Published: February 2021

Tanah lempung ekspansif merupakan tanah yang mempunyai fluktuasi kembang susut yang tinggi dan mengandung mineral yang mempunyai potensi mengembang yang tinggi bila terkena air, sehingga jenis tanah ini memerlukan penanganan khusus agar dapat dijadikan sebagai dasar konstruksi. Salah satu upaya yang bisa digunakan untuk memperbaiki tanah tersebut dengan cara menstabilkan tanah dengan menambahkan bahan lain yaitu limbah keramik. Limbah keramik merupakan suatu sisa bahan material yang tidak terpakai yang biasa didapatkan pada konstruksi bangunan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh limbah keramik dalam menstabilkan dan meningkatkan daya dukung tanah lempung ekspansif dengan presentase penambahan limbah keramik kedalam tanah lempung ekspansif yaitu : 0%, 5% , 10%, 15%. Lokasi pengambilan limbah keramik yaitu di Rembon kabupaten Tana Toraja dan pengambilan tanah lempung ekspansif berada di Tanete, Kecamatan Rembon, Kabupaten Tana Toraja. Pengujian dilakukan di Laboratorium teknik sipil Universitas Kristen Indonesia Toraja. Dari pengujian CBR (California Bearing Ratio) didapatkan untuk tanah asli (0%) = 1.12 %, dan untuk penambahan limbah keramik (5%)= 2.10%, untuk (10%)= 4.03%, untuk (15%)= 6.09% . Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa dengan penambahan limbah keramik dapat meningkatkan daya dukung tanah lempung ekspansif.
Analisis Terhadap Metode Kuliah Daring dan Biaya Tranposrtasi Mahasiswa Indonesia Dalam Masa Pandemi COVID-19
Authors: Manapa Esther Sanda , Sampetoding Eliyah Acantha M , Natalin Monica , Sinambela Benardo , Sitohang Dwi Ivana L , Ambabunga Yusri Anugerah M , Ardhana Valian Yoga P
Published: February 2021

This study aims to analyze the effect of the Covid-19 pandemic on the applications and student expenditure during the pandemic. The Covid-19 pandemic caused the government through the Ministry of Education and Culture to announce teaching and learning activities carried out from home using the online method. There are several complaints with the use of online methods, one of which is opinion about the increase in fees for the purchase of data package pulses. The opinion said that student spending increased due to the purchase of data package pulses. This study tries to conduct a survey and analysis specifically comparing student costs before and after co-19. During a pandemic, students spend more credit than before the pandemic which is 10.8% on topping up. But it was revealed that spending on pandemic students was less than before the pandemic with the smallest percentage of 46.9%. While applications that are often used in online lecture methods are Google Classroom with 74.7%, Zoom 67%, and WAG 35.3%. It is hoped that this initial research can support and provide input to policy makers in education institutions during lectures during the pandemic.
Blended Learning Kegiatan Kajian dan Praktik Lapangan Mahasiswa di SMK
Authors: Dewayani Mifta , Susman Yongen
Published: February 2021

Tujuan dari pelaksanaan Kajian dan Praktik Lapangan (KPL) adalah melatih kemampuan mahasiswa dalam mengajar yang secara langsung terjun di ruang lingkup pendidikan sesuai dengan program studi masing-masing. Model yang digunakan dalam pembelajaran menggunakan model Blended Learning , yaitu menggabungkan pembelajaran secara tatap muka dan daring. Kendala yang dialami antara lain sulitnya melakukan pengawasan kepada siswa saat pembelajaran daring dan kurangnya alokasi waktu yang diberikan pada saat pembelajaran tatap muka dilakukan, mengingat pembelajaran dilakukan saat adanya  pandemi Covid-19. Kesim­pulan yang dapat ditarik adalah KPL berjalan dapat berjalan dengan baik dan dapat memberikan pengalaman kepada mahasiswa dalam menjalan­kan peran menjadi guru, sehingga mahasiswa dapat belajar mengatasi per­masalahan yang dihadapi selama memberikan pelajaran
Pengembangan Sistem Kuis Algoritma Pemrograman Berbasis Web
Authors: Hilmi Novian Dwi syahrizal , Ar Rosyid Harits
Published: February 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk merancang dan mengembangkan sistem kuis algoritma pemrograman berbasis web dan mengetahui validitas sistem kuis algoritma pemrograman berbasis web. Berdasarkan hasil pengamatan pada mahasiswa, ditemukan fakta yang menunjukkan per­masalahan pada pemahaman untuk menyelesaikan permasalahan dalam pe­mrograman komputer. Informasi didapatkan dengan menye­barkan kuesi­oner pada mahasiswa. Dari informasi tersebut, didapatkan data bahwa al­go­ritma merupakan materi pada pemrograman yang paling pen­ting. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan, penilaian kelayakan sistem kuis algoritma pemro­graman oleh ahli media mendapatkan perolehan data sebesar 85,71% pada aspek penggunaan, 85% pada aspek desain, dan 85% pada aspek fungsi. Dengan rata-rata perolehan data sebesar 85,29%. Dari hasil penelitian ter­sebut maka dapat disimpulkan bahwa sistem kuis algoritma pemrograman yang telah dikembangkan sudah layak digunakan dengan revisi kecil.
Pengembangan Bahan Ajar Data Mining Menggunakan Four-D Model dalam Kerangka Kerja CDIO
Authors: Saputra Nurroby Wahyu , Wibawa Aji Prasetya , Pujianto Utomo , Anugrah Prananda
Published: February 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis, merancang dan mengembangkan, serta menyebarluaskan bahan ajar yang sesuai dengan mata kuliah data mining. Metode yang digunakan adalah Research and Development. Dengan menggunakan model pengembangan 4D (four-D model) dengan tahapan Define, Design, Develop, Disseminate yang di­anggap mampu mancapai tujuan tersebut. Sementara dalam pengemba­ngan bahan ajar ini, metode pembelajaran yang digunakan adalah CDIO. Dengan model pembelajaran ini diharapkan mahasiswa lebih memahami materi yang disampaikan serta kecakapan yang sesuai dengan dunia kerja.  Dalam penelitian pengembangan ini produk telah  dirancang  dan dikem­bang­kan hingga mendapat nilai presentase validasi sebesar 85,375% se­hingga produk ini dikategorikan sangat layak dan dapat disebarluaskan
ANÁLISE DA APLICAÇÃO DO MÉTODO AHP EM INDICADORES DE POTENCIALIDADE NA IMPLANTAÇÃO DE PARQUES EÓLICOS
Authors: Javarini Natacha Sousa , Gomes Vanielle Aparecida do Patrocinio , Freitas Rodrigo  Randow de
Published: February 2021

Ao considerar o cenário energético mundial atual, a fonte eólica é uma das grandes promessas para o futuro. Logo, justifica-se o aprofundamento dos estudos sobre projetos eólicos e suas particularidades, por se tratar de uma fonte de carácter renovável e que provoca o menor impacto no ambiente. Este estudo tem como finalidade discutir sobre os indicadores que influenciam na instalação de um parque eólico, por meio de comparações paritárias, de acordo com o método de tomada de decisão multicritério. Para isso, utilizou-se o Método Analytic Hierarchy Process para hierarquizar os critérios e indicadores que influenciam em tal implantação. O AHP utiliza a matemática para processar as preferências de indivíduos ou grupos tomadores de decisões, sendo o método facilitador na resolução de problemas por meio de um algoritmo. Os resultados apontaram o indicador que ocupou o primeiro lugar no ranking de tomada de decisão, que foi o ambiental, este por sua vez teve é composto por critérios com maiores pesos nos critérios de acordo com teste realizado por meio matriz de julgamentos. Em especial o critério vento, que se destacou na opinião dos pesquisadores, como sendo aquele que exerce uma maior influência quando se pensa em implantação de parque eólico.
Current Research in Astrobiology
Authors: Research Gratis
Published: February 2021

Because microorganisms are the most widespread form of life on earth and are capable of colonising almost any environment, scientists usually focus on microbial life in the field of astrobiology.
Pengembangan Kawasan Wisata Bahari Tanjung Kelayang Dengan Pendekatan Recreational Opportunity Spectrum
Authors: Budi Wahyuni Retno
Published: February 2021

ROS is a framework for identifying places of interest. In ROS there are three criteria that are the parameters of experience, environment, location and examples of activities. The measurements of the ROS parameters yield 5 classes ranging from Easily Accessible to Remote Area. . The problem found was tourism marine activities from diving, snorkeling and intentional fishing  affecting the quality and the ecosystem existence.

This study will review the recreational zone  which is not contrary to the principles of marine area management. It is expected that  the identification of zoning in the form of marine tourism spectrum classes beside tourism activitie plan using parameters in ROS will make the â€‹â€‹Tanjung Kelayang area becoming a tourist area not only attracts tourists but also becoming more sustainable.

This research uses a descriptive method with qualitative approach (1) describes the potential of Tanjung Kelayang marine tourism area based on Main Attraction, Depth and Air, Latitude and Access. Then after that (2) an analysis with ROS resulted in the classification of ROS Tanjung Kelayang class. Next (3) The ROS classification results will be drawn in the form of GIS with the help of Arc application. GIS and Arc. Map. Based on the results of the study, it was found that  Tanjung Kelayang area was included in class 1 or was easily accessible, quite affordable and comfortable, and the quality of DTW was comfortable and well
Disharmonisasi Periode Pemberlakuan Rencana Induk Pembangunan Kepariwisataan Daerah di Indonesia (Implementasi Peraturan Pemerintah Nomor 50 Tahun 2011 tentang Rencana Induk Pembangunan Kepariwisataan)
Authors: Rifan Mohamad , Fikriya Hilmi Inaya
Published: February 2021

Regional autonomy brings consequences for each region to take care of and explore its potentials. Moreover, the region is given options to manage the tourism sector which is potential to optimize the development of the district. The composition of tourism in Indonesia consists of regional up to national levels by concerning the diversities, uniqueness, and peculiarities of its culture and nature. Consequently, as mentioned in Act No. 10 of the year 2009 concerning tourism of article 8 mentioned that tourism development is conducted based on the master plan for tourism development is an integral part of the national long-term development plan. Therefore, the planning duration of RIPPARPROV and RIPPARKAB/KOTA also adjusts to the period of the Regency/city long-term development plan which is the period is same as the national long-term development plan (RPJP). However, the implementation of tourism law is not optimal due to some of the main tourism plans having disharmony on the scale of its validity periods such as RIPPAR-Prov East Java and Central Java, or RIPPAR-Kota Surakarta and Balikpapan. Through the Yuridis-normative research method and the approach of statutory and conceptual regulations, researchers focus on analyzing the consequences of the disharmony of the main tourism plan base on 3 (three) theories of law which are synchronization theory, harmonization theory, and legal development theory.
IMPACT OF ANIMATED CARTOONS ON CHILDREN AGED SEVEN TO ELEVEN YEARS IN NAIROBI, KENYA
Authors: Kidenda Mary Claire Akinyi
Published: February 2021

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the impact of animated cartoons on children aged seven to eleven years in Nairobi County, Kenya.Methodology: The study used descriptive survey method to collect information through casual interviews and self-administered questionnaires.Results: The study found that children watch animated cartoons because they are funny, enjoyable and are interesting i.e. because of entertainment.  The study also found out that animated cartoons and TV in general can lead to lack of communication between parents and children in the home. Children are also likely to develop the language and social skills exhibited by the animated cartoon characters. This study also revealed that children watch animated cartoons with minimal parental guidance. The study concluded that media has the power to profoundly shape perceptions of the social world and to manipulate actions in subtle but highly effective ways. Animated cartoons have an impact on the children in respect to viewer ship patterns, the views they hold about animated cartoons and how they rate them; acquired language, dressing and sexuality, violence and role types. Unique contribution to theory, practice and policy: The study suggests that parents need to develop guidelines for children on how much animated cartoons they can watch. They should develop the proper perspective concerning their children and be good role models. Parents should take interest in combating hyper sexuality in animated cartoon and allow the children to stay young. Media Practitioners should embrace the development of home-grown animated cartoons, air on Kenyan stations animated cartoons that have local animated imagery designed to relate to the child’s world or context and provide entertainment programming in which life’s problems are not simply and quickly solved with either violent actions or hostile humor. They should air animated cartoons that have no violence or bad morals but are still popular with children. The Government also need to set policies governing the content in animated cartoons aired by the media houses and offer support and facilitate local research initiatives and production, especially on animated cartoons for the African children, with elements that promote our African culture.
Listening Comprehension as a Key Component towards the Success of Foreign Language Learning
Authors: KOKROKO Evans , DUMENYAH James Kwaku
Published: February 2021

The objective of this article is to clarify the importance of using listening comprehension to facilitate the process of teaching and learning a foreign language. The approaches underlying the trends supporting listening comprehension teaching and learning, coupled with the literature review point to the development of listening skills as a sure way of smooth foreign language learning. The success of developing listening comprehension skills is hedged on involvement of the learner in well thought out activities by the teacher, their effort and practice, as well as the use of ICT. Researchers in the study exhibit components of oral speech communication which provides the basis for development of other speech aspects and cognitive development. Those findings suggest that oral speech communication is a prerequisite for language acquisition
Şiddeti Önlemede Pozitif Davranış Desteğinin Rolü
Authors: ÇEVİK Özlem
Published: February 2021

Okulda var olan şiddet, eğitim öğretimi etkilemekle beraber bireylerin ve toplumun iyi oluşunu ve güvenliliğini de tehdit etmektedir. Şiddeti önlemede çok çaba sarf edilmesine rağmen okullardaki şiddet ilkokul seviyesine kadar inmiştir. Şiddetle ilgili etkili bir tedbir alınmadığı takdirde şiddet artarak devam edecektir. Okuldaki şiddeti azaltmada etkili bir yol olabilecek Pozitif Davranış Desteğinin (PDD) sürekli kullanıldığı okullarda alkol ve uyuşturucu kullanımı, okulu bırakma ve ayrılma gibi diğer davranış sorunları da başarılı bir şekilde azaltmıştır. Bu araştırmanın amacı PDD programının okuldaki şiddet davranışlarının düzeyi üzerinde etkili olup olmadığını incelemektir. Çalışma deneysel bir araştırma olup araştırmada öntest-sontest kontrol gruplu desen kullanılmıştır. Araştırmada yer alan denekler, Orhan Okay Mesleki ve Teknik Anadolu Lisesi’ne 2016-2017 eğitim-öğretim yılında devam eden 9. ve 10. sınıf öğrencileridir. Şiddet Eğilim Ölçeği, okula devam eden 221 öğrenciye uygulanmıştır. Ölçeğin sonucunda şiddet eğilimi yüksek 24 öğrenci belirlenmiştir. Bu öğrenciler seçkisiz olarak 12 kişi deney, 12 kişi kontrol gruplarına atanmıştır. Deney grubuna 8 hafta uygulanan PDD programı sonrasında çalışmanın bulgularına göre kontrol grubunun ön test ve son test puanı arasında anlamlı bir fark bulunmazken deney grubunun ilk test ve son test puanları arasında anlamlı bir fark bulunmuştur. Fakat her iki grubun son testi ve izleme testi arasında anlamlı bir fark bulunmamıştır. Çalışmanın sonucuna göre PDD şiddet eğilimini düşürmekte etkili olduğu söylenebilir.
Multi-linguistic analysis of the uniqueness of texts on the base of lexically related information components
Authors:   Siberian Federal University, Kovalev Igor
Published: February 2021

Монография посвящена компьютерному моделированию и разработке алгоритмических и информационных средств поддержки мультилингвистического анализа уникальности текстов на базе лексически связанных компонентов с формированием межязыковых/внутриязыковых ассоциативных связей. Для внедрения предложенной методики в процесс мультилингвистического анализа уникальности текстов разработана структура частотных лексически связанных словарей как средства информационно-терминологического обеспечения систем поддержки принятия решений. Монография предназначена для специалистов в области информационных технологий, научных работников, а также для аспирантов и магистрантов, обучающихся по направлениям «Информатика и вычислительная техника», «Программная инженерия».