bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Composite Molded Products Based on Recycled Thermoplastics and Waste Cellulosics. II. Kenaf Fiber-Recycled PE Composites
Authors: Maldas D. , Kokta B. V.
Published: July 2017

The mechanical properties and dimensional stability of kenaf fiber-filled recycled polyethylene (PE) composites have been evaluated at room temperature and after immersion in boiling water. The effects of levels of kenaf fiber and modified polyethylenes, as the coupling agents, on the performance of the composites have been discussed. Maleated PE offered best balance in mechanical properties and dimensional stability compared to those of chlorinated PE and chlorosulphonated PE. The variations in properties with change in concentrations of fiber and a coupling agent (i.e., chlorinated PE) have been statistically analyzed based on an empirical quadratic model. Good correlations of the experimental data for the physico-mechanical properties were obtained.
Moisture Diffusion Behaviour of T300-914C Laminates
Authors: Rao R. M. V. G. K. , Shylaja Kumari H. V. , Raju K. Suresh
Published: July 2017

This paper presents the moisture diffusion characteristics of autoclave moulded T300-914C unidirectional composite specimens hygrothermally conditioned at 85% RH and 70'C till saturation to 1.5% moisture content. In all, pin bearing strength test specimens of three different layup sequences viz. [45/03/ A 45/03/90/0],, [0/ 4 45/9012s and [45/02/45/03/45/0], were studied. All the test specimens exhibited Fickian Diffusion behaviour. It was further found that the Diffusion coefficient (D,) value of the composites increased with increase in the cut edge surface area and the values obtained compared well with those reported in literature. The difference in D, values obtained for different layup sequences was attributed to tortuousity caused by fibre orientations.
Investigation of Bond between Concrete and Composites: Use of a Peel Test
Authors: Karbhari V. M. , Engineer M.
Published: July 2017

Composites present considerable potential for use in civil infrastructure applications. One such application is that related to the strengthening of concrete structural elements through the external bonding of composite plates or wraps. Two major concerns in the use of the plating technique are the debonding or peeling of the plate from the concrete surface and the effect of environmental factors on the durability of the compositeconcrete bond. Interfacial crack propagation could actually proceed due to a number of reasons including imperfect bonding between the composite and concrete, debonding initiating due to flexural cracking in concrete, peel stresses due to non-uniformities on the concrete surface and fatigue initiated debonding. Further investigations into mechanisms of peel and the characteristics of the composite-concrete interface during debonding/peel are thus critical to understanding both design requirements and long-term use potential of composite plates as a means of rehabilitation of concrete-based infrastructure elements. The focus of this paper is on the development of an appropriate peel test for the investigation of bond between composites and the concrete surface. It also develops a methodology for the understanding of the different mechanisms and modes of interfacial fracture.
Tensor Polynomial Failure Criterion: Coefficient Limits Based on Convexity Requirements
Authors: Bower Mark V. , Koedam Donald H.
Published: July 2017

The tensor polynomial failure criterion is a widely used tool for predicting failure of unidirectional composite lamina. Typically, the tensor polynomial failure criterion is used in the quadratic form, commonly referred to as the Tsai-Wu failure criterion. Some recent work has presented the cubic form as an alternative to the widely used Tsai-Wu failure criterion.

This paper presents limits on the coefficients of the tensor polynomial failure criterion for the quadratic, cubic, and quartic forms based on convexity of the failure surface in the stress domain. The results for the quadratic form of the polynomial include those commonly found in the literature and a further limit that is not normally found due to assumptions on the affect of shear. Further, the limits on the quadratic coefficients are used to prove that the quadratic tensor polynomial failure function is invariant with respect to coordinate system transformation.

Results for the cubic tensor polynomial show that, when the entire stress space is considered, the cubic tensor polynomial cannot generate a convex failure surface, and is therefore not an acceptable failure criterion. However, using constraints identified in this paper, it is possible to determine regions in the stress domain where the failure criterion is convex and gives valid results. A further conclusion is that the "hybrid method" of Tennyson, MacDonald, and Nanyaro, used to determine the cubic interaction coefficients, yields results that violate convexity requirements and therefore should not be considered as a valid method.

Results for the quartic form of the tensor polynomial failure criterion indicate the cubic terms may be included in the polynomial provided the appropriate quartic terms are present. The derivation of the limits on the coefficients is presented in an appendix and the limits are presented in the body. Illustratory examples of quartic tensor polynomial are presented.
Finite Element Thermostructural Analysis of Laminated Composite Shells of Revolution Under Asymmetric Thermal Loading
Authors: Rao D. Maruthi , Sinha P. K.
Published: July 2017

This paper presents a finite element thermostructural analysis procedure for the generally laminated composite shells of revolution subjected to an asymmetric thermal loading. Governing finite element equations are obtained from the conduction and equilibrium equations of the shell. A general thermal load, both symmetric and asymmetric, that constitutes heat fluxes and convective fluxes, are expressed in terms of trigonometric Fourier series. Two noded and three noded isoparametric axisymmetric elements are used in the analysis. For thermal analysis, the nodal degree of freedom is temperature and for structural analysis, the nodal degrees of freedom are three translational displacements and two rotations. The present analysis also includes the shear flexibility of the composite laminates. The governing finite element equations are solved for the individual Fourier modes and these solutions are superposed to obtain the final solution. Numerical examples are chosen to study the effects of geometry, lamination and structural boundary conditions on both the thermal and the structural response. An interesting observation is that anisotropy in thermal conductivity of the composite influences the maximum temperature rise. Circumferential displacement prevails under the asymmetric loads and/or the antisymmetric laminations of a composite.
Flexure of Concrete with Chopped GR/EP Prepreg Fibers
Authors: Jensen David W. , Meade Jeffrey G.
Published: July 2017

An experimental investigation has been conducted to determine the flexural characteristics of concrete reinforced with chopped graphite/epoxy prepreg fibers. The flexural behavior of concrete beams reinforced with 0.5% and 1.5% fiber volume fractions of 1.0 inch (25.4 mm) fibers, 3.0 inch (76.2 mm) fibers and a mixture of both lengths of fibers were compared with plain concrete beams. A set of thirty-five 30 inch (76.2 cm) long beams with a 6 inch (15.2 cm) square cross section were tested in four-point flexure. The flexural strength, toughness, and stiffness characteristics were evaluated by monitoring load and center deflection. This study provides insight into fiber length and fiber volume fraction that best improve the flexural characteristics of concrete. The flexural toughness of concrete is increased by two and a half orders of magnitude when 1.5% volume fraction of 3.0 inch (76.2 mm) long fibers are included in the mix. Also, when 1.5% volume fraction of 3.0 inch (76.2 mm) long fibers are included in concrete, the deflection prior to failure increases by a factor of six. The maximum load of plain concrete is increased 25% with the addition of 1.5% volume fraction of 1.0 inch (25.4 mm) long fibers and 74% with the addition of 1.5% volume fraction of 3.0 inch (76.2 mm) long fibers.
Comparison between students and residents on determinants of willingness to separate waste and waste separation behaviour in Zhengzhou, China
Authors: Dai Xiaoping , Han Yuping , Zhang Xiaohong , Hu Wei , Huang Liangji , Duan Wenpei , Li Siyi , Liu Xiaolu , Wang Qian
Published: July 2017

A better understanding of willingness to separate waste and waste separation behaviour can aid the design and improvement of waste management policies. Based on the intercept questionnaire survey data of undergraduate students and residents in Zhengzhou City of China, this article compared factors affecting the willingness and behaviour of students and residents to participate in waste separation using two binary logistic regression models. Improvement opportunities for waste separation were also discussed. Binary logistic regression results indicate that knowledge of and attitude to waste separation and acceptance of waste education significantly affect the willingness of undergraduate students to separate waste, and demographic factors, such as gender, age, education level, and income, significantly affect the willingness of residents to do so. Presence of waste-specific bins and attitude to waste separation are drivers of waste separation behaviour for both students and residents. Improved education about waste separation and facilities are effective to stimulate waste separation, and charging on unsorted waste may be an effective way to improve it in Zhengzhou.
SiO2 films as heat resistant layers for protection of expandable polystyrene foam from flame torch–induced heat
Authors: Varnagiris S , Tuckute S , Lelis M , Milcius D
Published: July 2017

Currently, polymeric insulation materials are widely used for energy saving in buildings. Despite of all benefits, these materials are generally sensitive to heat and highly flammable. This work discusses possibility to improve heat resistance of expanded polystyrene (EPS) foam using thin silicon dioxide (SiO2) films deposited by magnetron sputtering technique. In order to increase surface energy and adherence of SiO2 thin films to substrate EPS was plasma pretreated before films’ depositions using pulsed DC plasma generator for 40 s in argon gas. SiO2 formation was done in reactive argon and oxygen gas atmosphere. Laboratory made equipment was used for flame torch–induced heat resistance experiments. Results showed that silicon oxide films remains stable during heat resistance experiments up to 5 s and fully protects polystyrene (PS) substrate. Films are relatively stable for 30 s and 60 s and partially protect PS from melting and ignition. Scanning electron microscopy, energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy analysis confirmed that SiO2 layer, which is distributed uniformly on the EPS surface, could work as a good heat resistant material.
Influence of cutting tool geometrical parameters on tool wear in high-speed milling of Inconel 718 curved surface
Authors: Ma Jian-wei , Jia Zhen-yuan , He Guang-zhi , Liu Zhen , Zhao Xiao-xuan , Qin Feng-ze
Published: July 2017

High-speed machining provides an efficient approach for machining Inconel 718 with high quality and high efficiency. For high-speed milling of Inconel 718 curved surface, the geometrical characteristics are changing continuously leading to a sharp fluctuation of cutting force, which will aggravate the tool wear. As the wear mechanism of coated cutting tool is seriously affected by the cutting tool geometrical parameters, suitable geometrical parameters of cutting tool should be selected to avoid the cutting tool from being worn out very quickly. In this study, the influence of cutting tool geometrical parameters on tool wear in high-speed milling of Inconel 718 curved surface is investigated with coated cutting tool, and the cutting force in milling process is also analyzed. The results show that the cutting force variation can manifest the tool wear degree, and the failure type of coated cutting tool in plane milling and curved surface milling after the same cutting length is different. Furthermore, the cutting tool geometrical parameters seriously affect the tool wear and the tool life in high-speed milling of Inconel 718 curved surface. Concretely, the small rake angle has greater strength and has superiority, the relief angle increasing can enhance the tool life, and the tool life is decreased with the increasing of helix angle for the cutting tool, whose helix angle is larger than 30°. This study provides a theoretical basis for cutting tool wear mechanism and cutting tool geometrical parameter selection in high-speed milling of Inconel 718 curved surface, so as to guarantee the machining efficiency in high-speed milling of Inconel 718 curved surface.
Usefulness of cytologic criteria in ultrasound-guided fine-needle aspirates from subcentimeter canine mammary tumors
Authors: Pierini Alessio , Millanta Francesca , Zanforlin Roberta , Vannozzi Iacopo , Marchetti Veronica
Published: July 2017

We determined cytologic features of histologically confirmed subcentimeter canine mammary tumors (CMTs) to determine reasonable criteria for an accurate cytologic diagnosis. Fifty-three CMTs from 28 bitches were included. All cytologic samples were collected by ultrasound-guided fine-needle aspiration biopsy, stained with May-Grünwald/Giemsa, and retrospectively evaluated using a scoring system established for 18 cytologic features. Mean nuclear area (MNA) was also measured for each sample by a computer-assisted program. Based on the histologic diagnosis, CMTs were divided into 2 groups: malignant tumors (25) and benign lesions (15). Data were statistically analyzed using Fisher and Mann–Whitney tests. Chromatin pattern ( p < 0.05) and macrophage infiltration ( p < 0.05) were significantly different between the groups. Median MNA was significantly ( p < 0.05) larger in malignant tumors. The evaluation of these cytologic features in subcentimeter CMTs may increase the sensitivity of cytology.
Axisymmetric partial slip contact of a functionally graded piezoelectric coating under a conducting punch
Authors: Su Jie , Ke Liao-Liang , Wang Yue-Sheng
Published: July 2017

This article considered the axisymmetric partial slip contact problem of a functionally graded piezoelectric coated half-space indented by a rigid spherical punch subjected to a normal load. It is assumed that the punch within the contact region is a perfect conductor with a constant electric potential. The electro-mechanical properties of the functionally graded piezoelectric materials vary exponentially along the thickness direction. The whole contact region consists of an inner circular stick region surrounded by an outer annular slip region obeying Coulomb’s law of friction. The problem is reduced to a set of coupled Cauchy singular integral equations by employing the Hankel integral transform. An iterative method is used to determine the unknown stick/slip region, normal contact pressure, electric charge, and radial tangential traction. The effects of the resultant electric charge, friction coefficient, and gradient index on the surface electro-mechanical fields are presented in detail.
Evaluating Parent Training for Emotionally Abusive and Neglectful Parents: Comparing Individual Versus Individual and Group Intervention
Authors: Iwaniec Dorota
Published: July 2017

The principles and methods of parent training provided by social workers are described with an emphasis on working with abusive and neglectful parents using cognitive and/or behavioral approaches. Two emotionally abusive and neglectful groups of parents (n = 10 parents per group) were assessed, trained, and followed up for 2 years. Group I received individual parent training only and Group 2 received similar individual parent training plus 10 sessions of parent training provided in groups. Group 2 improved significantly better in areas other than child care. The results are discussed in terms of their applications to the provision of parent training by social workers.
Returning to Work After Heart Transplantation: A Replication
Authors: Paris Wayne , Tebow Sarah , Dahr Ahmad S. , Cooper David K. C.
Published: July 2017

Employment is an important component in the reestablishment of a heart transplant recipient's identity, self-esteem, and quality of life. An attempt was made to replicate the results of an earlier six-factor discriminant analysis that profiled posttransplant employment options for patients exposed to a center policy specific in the expectation of employment. Results indicate that the model accurately predicted 95% of those employed, confirming the model's validity. Implications for social work assessment and clinical practice are explored.
Pharmacokinetic/Pharmacodynamic Analysis of Meropenem for the Treatment of Nosocomial Pneumonia in Intracerebral Hemorrhage Patients by Monte Carlo Simulation
Authors: Kong Lingti , Tang Yan , Zhang Xiaohua , Lu Guoyu , Yu Meiling , Shi Qingping , Wu Xiaofei
Published: July 2017

Background: Nosocomial pneumonia (NP) is a frequent complication among patients with intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH). However, there are currently no pharmacokinetic (PK) and pharmacodynamic (PD) data to guide meropenem dosing in these patients. Objective: To investigate the PK/PD properties of meropenem in these patients and whether the usual dosing regimens of meropenem (2-hour infusion, 1 g, every 8 hours) was suitable. Methods: A total of 11 patients with a diagnosis of ICH complicated with NP were selected in the emergency internal medicine and treated with a 1-g/2-hours extended infusion model. The plasma concentrations of meropenem were determined by high-performance liquid chromatography. PK parameters were estimated by plasma concentration versus time profile using WinNonlin software. The probability of target attainments (PTAs) of meropenem at different minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) based on percentage time that concentrations were above the minimum inhibitory concentration (%T>MIC) value were performed by Monte Carlo simulation. Results: The volume of distribution and total body clearance of meropenem were 55.55 L/kg and 22.89 L/h, respectively. Using 40%T>MIC, PTA was >90% at MICs ≤4 µg/mL. Using 80% or 100%T>MIC, PTA was >90% only at MICs ≤1 µg/mL. Conclusions: The PK/PD profile of dosing regimens tested will assist in selecting the appropriate meropenem regimens for these patients. At a target of 40%T>MIC, the usual dosing regimens can provide good coverage for pathogens with MICs of ≤4 µg/mL. However, when a higher target (80% or 100%) is desired for difficult-to-treat infections, larger doses, prolonged infusions, shorter intervals, and/or combination therapy may be required.
Neoplasms With Schwannian Differentiation Express Transcription Factors Known to Regulate Normal Schwann Cell Development
Authors: Pytel Peter , Karrison Theodore , Can Gong  , Tonsgard James H. , Krausz Thomas , Montag Anthony G.
Published: July 2017

A number of transcription factors have been identified as important in guiding normal Schwann cell development. This study used immunohistochemistry on tissue arrays to assess the expression of some of these transcription factors (Sox5, Sox9, Sox10, AP-2α, Pax7, and FoxD3) on 76 schwannomas, 105 neurofibromas, and 34 malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumors (MPNSTs). Sox9 and Sox10 were found to be widely expressed in all tumor types. FoxD3 reactivity was stronger and more frequently found in schwannomas and MPNSTs than neurofibromas. AP-2α was positive in 31% to 49% of all tumors, but strong reactivity was limited to MPNSTs and schwannomas. Pax7 and Sox5 expression was restricted to subsets of MPNSTs. Statistical analysis showed significant differences between the 3 tumor types in the expression of these markers. No differences were found in the analyzed tumor subgroups, including schwannomas of different sites, schwannomas with or without NF2 association, neurofibromas of different types, or sporadic versus NF1-associated MPNSTs. These results suggest that the transcription factors that guide normal Schwann cell development also play a role in the biology of neoplastic cells with Schwannian differentiation. FoxD3, AP-2α, Pax7, and Sox5 are upregulated in MPNSTs compared with neurofibromas and may be markers of malignant transformation. Screening the expression of FoxD3, Sox9, and Sox10 on 23 cases of other spindle-cell proliferations that may be considered in the differential diagnosis of MPNST, including synovial sarcoma and spindle cell melanoma, suggests that these 3 are helpful markers of Schwannian differentiation in the context of diagnosing MPNSTs.
Vascular Invasion in Triple-Negative Carcinoma of the Breast Identified by Endothelial Lymphatic and Blood Vessel Markers
Authors: Kuroda Hajime , Nakai Maki , Ohnisi Kiyoshi , Ishida Takafumi , Kuroda Mina , Itoyama Shinji
Published: July 2017

The aim of this study was to determine lymph vessel invasion (LVI) and blood vessel invasion (BVI) using established biological markers and clinicopathological findings for triple-negative breast carcinoma. We reviewed all 202 cases of primary breast carcinoma that were surgically resected at Saitama Medical Center, Saitama Medical School, between 2006 and 2009. Tumor tissue was immunostained for estrogen receptor, progesterone receptor, Her2/neu, D2-40, and CD34. Among these, 26 cases of triple-negative carcinoma were reported retrospectively. The results were compared with those of 176 cases of non-triple-negative carcinomas that were included as controls. The frequency of LVI examined by hematoxylin and eosin and D2-40 (triple negative, 7 of 26; non—triple negative, 61 of 176) was not significantly different, and neither was BVI examined by HE, Elastica van Gieson, CD34 (triple negative, 2 of 26; non—triple negative, 16 of 176), and lymph node metastasis (triple negative 9 of 26, non—triple negative, 65 of 176). However, a specific pattern of distant metastasis with a high frequency of visceral metastases was detected in triple-negative carcinoma cases (triple negative, 6 of 26; non—triple negative, 8 of 176). Our findings show that triple-negative carcinoma of the breast may have a distinct biological behavior.
The Fas-Mediated Apoptotic Pathway in Cardiac Myxoma
Authors: Liu Cheng-Chung , Jung Shih-Ming , Orlandi Augusto , Yeh Ta-Sen , Lin Yu-Shen , Shiu Tzu-Fang , Wu Hsueh-Hua , Chu Jaw-Ji , Lin Pyng-Jing , Chu Pao-Hsien
Published: July 2017

Cardiac myxoma is the most common primary tumor of the heart. The existence of apoptosis in cardiac myxoma has been demonstrated. The purpose of this investigation was to elucidate the pathway of apoptosis and the cell cycle in cardiac myxomas. This study had 2 parts: investigation of a cultured cardiac myxoma cell line and the analysis of data from 20 patients with cardiac myxoma that was surgically excised. Apoptosis signal transduction was determined by assessing DNA fragmentation, Fas ligand (FasL), Fas, tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), caspase-3, and terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase nick-end labeling (TUNEL) assay through immunohistochemical stain, quantitative reverse transcriptase— polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), and Western blot analysis. The patient population consisted of 12 (60%) women and 8 (40%) men with a mean age of 46 years (range = 32-64 years). All cases of myxoma were sporadic myxomas rather than familial. Clinical presentations included asymptomatic (26%), dyspnea (44%), stroke (9%), chest pain (9%), and fever (11%). All myxomas were located in the left atrium. Pathological scores for inflammation, cellularity, calcification, and thrombosis were not related to myxoma location or clinical events. In cardiac myxoma, apoptosis documented by TUNEL (70.9% ± 17.6%) and the caspase-3 (66.5% ± 32.5%) final common pathway is characterized by the extrinsic Fas/ FasL dependent pathway (positive stained 70.9% ± 19.2%; 26.0% ± 17.2%, respectively), but not the intrinsic pathway. The RT-PCR and Western Blot analysis (Fas/FasL, TNF-α, caspase-3, and apoptosis) of the cardiac myxoma and cultured cardiac myxoma cells confirmed the immunochemical results. The extrinsic Fas/FasL-dependent apoptosis pathways in cardiac myxomas were proved by both RNA and protein levels.
Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma Involving the Central Nervous System
Authors: Gualco Gabriela , Weiss Lawrence M. , Barber Glen N. , Bacchi Carlos E.
Published: July 2017

Lymphomas involving the central nervous system are recognized increasingly in immunocompetent as well as immunosuppressed individuals, and the majority of the cases are diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL). The aim of this study was to compare the immunophenotype, clinicopathological features, and association with Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) of DLBCL of the central nervous system (CNS) in 3 different clinical situations: primary, in immunocompetent patients; “primary,” in immunosuppressed patients; and in patients with secondary involvement by systemic lymphoma. The authors reviewed the clinicopathological features, morphology, immunophenotype (according to germinal-center B-cell—like and nongerminal B-cell—like subtypes), and association with EBV in 36 cases of DLBCL of the CNS, including 25 primary cases, 5 associated with immunosuppression, and 6 cases with secondary involvement. Survival was evaluated in 15 cases of primary CNS lymphomas. Of the 36 patients, 19 were male and 18 female. Only 2 cases of lymphomas were EBV-positive; both occurred in immunosuppressed patients. Separation into germinal-center and non-germinal center subtypes by an immunohistochemistry panel showed that 68% of primary, 80% of secondary, and 83% of the cases associated with immunosuppression were of non-germinal-center subtype, respectively. Patients with non-germinal-center immunophenotype showed significantly worse survival than those with CNS lymphomas of the germinal-center subtype.
A Combined Deposition of Lanthanum and β2-Microglobulin-Related Amyloid in the Gastroduodenal Mucosa of Hemodialysis-Dependent Patients: An Immunohistochemical, Electron Microscopic, and Energy Dispersive X-Ray Spectrometric Analysis
Authors: Komatsu-Fujii Takayoshi , Onuma Hideyuki , Miyaoka Youichi , Ishikawa Noriyoshi , Araki Asuka , Ishikawa Nahoko , Yamamoto Tomohiko , Mishiro Tomoko , Adachi Kyoichi , Kinoshita Yoshikazu , Tauchi-Nishi Pamela , Maruyama Riruke
Published: July 2017

Lanthanum carbonate (LC) is a new type of phosphate adsorbent used to treat patients with hyperphosphatemia caused by chronic kidney diseases. Recent studies have pointed out that lanthanum deposition can be found in the cytoplasm of histiocytes in the gastroduodenal mucosa of these patients. On the other hand, it is well known that patients on long-term hemodialysis can develop deposition of β2-microglobulin-related amyloid (Aβ2M) mainly around joints. However, involvement of the gastrointestinal tract by hemodialysis-associated amyloidosis has been thought to be rare, and therefore only Aβ2M, if any, has been reported to accumulate in the vascular walls of the submucosa and muscularis propria. Thus, in contrast to AA amyloid, biopsy from gastrointestinal mucosa has long been considered to have little significance in detecting amyloid. We present unusual histologic findings on biopsy specimens taken from the gastroduodenal mucosa of 7 hemodialysis-dependent patients taking LC for more than a year. These findings were due to a combined deposition of lanthanum and β2-microglobulin-related amyloid in the cytoplasm of histiocytes. The deposition of amyloid was confirmed by conventional histochemistry, immunohistochemistry, and transmission electron microscopy, and that of lanthanum by transmission electron microscopy and scanning electron microscopy/energy dispersive X-ray spectrometry. This is the first report of such a peculiar combined deposition of lanthanum and amyloid in the gastroduodenal mucosa of hemodialysis patients. Although the exact mechanism of combination and pathogenesis is unclear, we believe that histologic examination of the gastrointestinal mucosa should be considered in the careful follow-up and observation of hemodialysis patients taking LC.
Clinicopathologic and DNA Flow Cytometric Analysis of Eighty-three Renal Cell Carcinomas
Authors: Moreno-Cerro Ana Maria , Rigopoulou Demetra , Calderon-Gomez Jesus , Martínez-Tello Francisco José
Published: July 2017

The clinical and anatomopathologic features as well as DNA content of 83 renal cell carcinomas were analyzed. The possible interrelationship and prognostic value of these factors were also considered. The DNA study has been performed by flow cytometry using paraffin-embedded tissues. In each case an internal control with nonneoplastic renal tissue obtained in the same nefrectomy was also done in order to calculate the DNA index. Differences in patient age, nuclear grade, and mitotic activity were related with outcome; however, this relationship was not confirmed by the Cox test. Stage (P = .005), cell type (P = .002), and metastatic disease (P = .001) had independent prognostic values. Renal cell carcinomas with low stage and with low S-phase had better prognosis. Int J Surg Pathol 3(1):1-8, 1995
Granulomatous Tonsillitis
Authors: Taxy Jerome B.
Published: July 2017

Seven patients with symptoms of chronic recurrent tonsillitis showed granulomatous reactions histologically in the resected specimens. There was nothing unusual about the preoperative clinical course or gross features of the tonsils. Given the usual clinical circumstances attending chronic tonsillitis, cultures were only sporadically done. No direct cultures of resected tissue were done. Special stain tests for acid-fast organisms and fungus, admittedly unreliable in the detection of their respective diseases, were negative. Five patients were followed 1-5 years and had no adverse sequelae. Granulomatous tonsillitis as a reflection of systemic disease (e.g., tuberculosis or sarcoid) has been recorded only in instances of concurrent clinical illness. The incidence of tonsillar involvement in other potential granuloma-producing conditions (e.g., Crohn's disease, Yersinia pseudotuberculosis infection or fungus) is unknown. Direct cultures of tonsils typically yield multiple aerobic and anaerobic organisms; however, granuloma eliciting organisms have not been sought. These cases are clinically typical but pathologically unusual because of the tissue reaction identified. Given the extent of the usual clinical and pathologic evaluations of patients with chronic recurrent tonsillitis, the most reliable means of assessing the significance of the granulomas is by clinical follow-up: benign, in the cases reported here. Int J Surg Pathol 3(1):23-28, 1995
Antigen Distribution in Mucocutaneous Biopsies of Human Paracoccidiomycosis
Authors: Sandoval Marina , De Brito T. , Sotto Mirian N. , Santos R.T. , Franco M.F.
Published: July 2017

The authors studied the distribution of Paracoccidioides brasiliensis antigen(s) in human skin and oral mucosa. In biopsies obtained from untreated patients showing the chronic form of the disease, the authors demonstrated the P. brasiliensis antigen using two polyclonal immune sera raised in rabbits, one against the exoantigens of P. brasiliensis and the other against a 43-kDa glycoprotein. Langerhans' cells were detected through double immunolabeling using an anti-S 100 protein monoclonal antibody. Double labeling immunohistochemistry showed that both of the immune sera labeled the yeast cells in the center of the granuloma and those transmigrating through the epithelial layer equally well. Granulomas exhibited the P. brasiliensis antigen permeating cells, mainly at the periphery of the granulomatous inflammation. The P. brasiliensis antigen(s) accumulated in the macrophages but not in the Langerhans' cells. P. brasiliensis antigens, detected by antiserum against parasite exoantigens, were also deposited between basal keratinocytes, but not in the granular cells, in 47% of the biopsies. P. brasiliensis antigens, as assessed by immunoelectron microscopic techniques, are present in the cytoplasm of the yeast cells in the host tissues. Antigens are transported to the cell membrane and later excreted through the cell wall. Antigenic deposits are also seen at the fungus-host interface. Int J Surg Pathol 3(3):181-188, 1996
Familial Hyperphosphatemic Tumoral Calcinosis A Report From Saudi Arabia
Authors: Satti Mohamed B. , Al-Dakheel Mohamed , McGuinness Frank E. , Al-Shohaib Saad
Published: July 2017

The clinical details and radiologic and histopathologic findings of lesions from three male siblings and their female cousin with hyperphosphatemic tumoral calcinosis are presented. The three siblings were children of consanguineous parents. The patients were aged 5, 17, 19, and 20 years; however, they first presented when they were 3.5, 8, 4, and 5 years of age, respectively; resulting in a disease duration ranging from 1.5 to 15 years. All are alive with persistent disease. The eldest patient has an alpha-thalassemia trait. Sites of lesions included the periarticular soft tissues of gluteal region, the shoulder, elbow, interscapular area, axilla, and popliteal fossa. A calcified soft tissue mass was seen radiologically at all sites affected. Histologically, locules of calcified debris surrounded by multinucleated osteoclast-type giant cells and foamy histiocytes characterized all lesions. The cells showed cytoplasmic vacuoles that stained positively both with anti-alpha-1-antichymotrypsin and anti-alpha-1-antitrypsin. Ultrastructurally hydroxyapatite deposits were demonstrable in these cytoplasmic vacuoles. All patients had normocalcemia and hyperphosphatemia. A low normal blood level of 25-hydroxycholecalciferol was noted in the youngest patient. Surgical excision was unsuccessful as the lesions recurred and progressed. Medical therapy may only slow the progression of the disease process.
Renal Oncocytomas (Typical and Atypical Variants): A Pathologic, Immunohistochemical, Morphometric, and Flow Cytometric Differential Study of 14 Cases With Cytogenetic Support
Authors: Morell-Quadreny Luisa , Gregori-Romero M. Aurelia , Carda-Batalla Carmen , Llombart-Bosch Antonio
Published: July 2017

Eight conventional and six atypical oncocytomas in a series of 147 renal neoplasms were studied. Histopathologic findings revealed exclusively oncocytic cells, but cellular polymorphism was higher in the atypical tumors. Atypical oncocytomas presented focal necrosis, transcapsular invasion, or both. Electron microscopy showed similar findings in all cases. Immunohistochemistry of atypical oncocytomas had higher expression against proliferating cell nuclear antigen and more discontinuous immunostaining against laminin than typical ones. Flow cytometry revealed one or two aneuploid peaks in five typical and two atypical cases, although the latter had a higher proliferative fraction than typical oncocytomas. Cytogenetics of one typical oncocytoma showed a normal diploid karyotype; one atypical case resulted in a diploid karyotype but with endoreduplications in 13% of metaphases, and a second atypical oncocytoma became hypodiploid without structural anomalies. Based on the present results, the proposed distinction between conventional and atypical oncocytomas seems of limited clinical significance.
Infiltrating Cavernous Lymphangiomyoma of the Mesentery: A Case Report
Authors: Lamovec Janez , Bračko Matej
Published: July 2017

A case of an infiltrating lymphangiomatous lesion of the mesentery in a 17-year-old girl that involved the head of the pancreas and surrounding retroperitoneal tissue and dissected through the duodenojejunal wall to form multiple polypoid structures in the mucosa is presented. Histologically, the lesion was characterized by cavernous lymphangiomatous spaces with an unusually prominent smooth muscle component in their walls, and it could be designated as lymphangiomyoma. It is believed that the lesion, in spite of its superficial resemblance to lymphangiomyomatosis, is not related to it because the character of the smooth muscle cells, their distribution, their negative reactions to HMB-45, estrogen and progesterone receptors, and a general aspect of the cavernous lymphangioma-like lesion are all evidence against such a possibility. The polypoid presentation of the lesion in the intestinal lumen is unique and adds yet another category of small intestinal polyps.
Sex Differences in Patients With Occult Cancer After Venous Thromboembolism
Authors: Jara-Palomares Luis , Otero Remedios , Jiménez David , Praena-Fernández Juan Manuel , Rivas Agustina , Font Carme , Wells Philip S. , López-Reyes Raquel , González-Martínez José , Monreal Manuel
Published: July 2017

In patients with venous thromboembolism (VTE), male sex has been associated with an increased risk of occult cancer. The influence of sex on clinical characteristics, treatment, cancer sites, and outcome has not been thoroughly investigated yet. We used the Registro Informatizado Enfermedad TromboEmbólica registry to compare the clinical characteristics, treatment strategies, cancer sites, and clinical outcomes in patients with VTE having occult cancer, according to sex. As of June 2014, 5864 patients were recruited, of whom 444 (7.6%; 95% confidence interval: 6.8-8.2) had occult cancer. Of these, 246 (55%) were men. Median time elapsed from VTE to occult cancer was 4 months (interquartile range: 2-8.4), with no sex differences. Women were older, weighed less, and were less likely to have chronic lung disease than men. The most common cancer sites were the lung (n = 63), prostate (n = 42), and colorectal (n = 29) in men and colorectal (n = 38), breast (n = 23), uterine (n = 18), hematologic (n = 17), or pancreas (n = 15) in women. Men were more likely to have lung cancer than women (2.18% vs 0.30%; P < .01) and less likely to have pancreatic cancer (0.17% vs 0.5%; P = .03). Interestingly, breast cancer was more likely found in women aged ≥50 years than in those aged <50 years (0.97% vs 0.14%; P = .03). This study highlights the existence of sex differences in patients with VTE having occult cancer. One in every 2 men had lung, prostate, or colorectal cancer. In women, there is a heterogeneity of cancer sites, increasing risk of breast cancer in those aged >50 years.
Antecedents of Environmental Management: The Influence of Organizational Design and Its Mediating Role Between Quality Management and Environmental Management
Authors: Pertusa-Ortega Eva M. , López-Gamero María D. , Pereira-Moliner Jorge , Tarí Juan-José , Molina-Azorín José F.
Published: July 2017

The analysis of the antecedents or determinant factors of environmental management is an important research topic. In this article, we examine the influence of organizational design and quality management. Our main purpose is to analyze the impact of organizational design on environmental management and the mediating role that organizational design may play in the relationship between quality management and environmental management in the hotel industry. The results indicate that organizational design positively influences environmental management and partially mediates the relationship between quality management and environmental management.
Prediction With Dimension Reduction of Multiple Molecular Data Sources for Patient Survival
Authors: Kaplan Adam , Lock Eric F
Published: July 2017

Predictive modeling from high-dimensional genomic data is often preceded by a dimension reduction step, such as principal component analysis (PCA). However, the application of PCA is not straightforward for multisource data, wherein multiple sources of ‘omics data measure different but related biological components. In this article, we use recent advances in the dimension reduction of multisource data for predictive modeling. In particular, we apply exploratory results from Joint and Individual Variation Explained (JIVE), an extension of PCA for multisource data, for prediction of differing response types. We conduct illustrative simulations to illustrate the practical advantages and interpretability of our approach. As an application example, we consider predicting survival for patients with glioblastoma multiforme from 3 data sources measuring messenger RNA expression, microRNA expression, and DNA methylation. We also introduce a method to estimate JIVE scores for new samples that were not used in the initial dimension reduction and study its theoretical properties; this method is implemented in the R package R.JIVE on CRAN, in the function jive.predict.
Conducting Systematic Outcome Assessment in Private Addictions Treatment Settings
Authors: Connors Gerard J , Maisto Stephen A , Campbell Clare E , To Brenda , Sack David
Published: July 2017

Systematic outcome assessment is central to ascertaining the impact of treatment services and to informing future treatment initiatives. This project was designed to be conducted within the clinical operations of 4 private addictions treatment centers. A structured interview was used to assess patients’ alcohol and other drug use and related variables (on treatment entry and at 1, 3, and 6 months following treatment discharge). The primary outcomes were percentage of days abstinent (PDA) from alcohol and drugs, PDA from alcohol, and PDA from other drugs. Collateral reports during follow-up also were gathered. A total of 280 patients (56% men) across the 4 programs participated. Percentage of days abstinent for each outcome increased significantly from baseline to the 1-month follow-up assessment, and this change was maintained at the 3- and 6-month follow-up assessments. Collateral reports mirrored the patient follow-up reports. Secondary outcomes of patient ratings of urges/cravings, depression, anxiety, and general life functioning all indicated significant improvement from baseline over the course of the follow-up. The results suggest the feasibility of conducting systematic outcome assessment in freestanding private addictions treatment environments.
Rolling contact fatigue crack propagation in nitrided alloyed steels
Authors: Le Marion , Ville Fabrice , Kleber Xavier , Buffière Jean-Yves , Cavoret Jérôme , Sainte-Catherine Marie-Christine , Briancon Laurence
Published: July 2017

Experimental investigations were carried out to better understand the rolling contact fatigue mechanisms in nitrided layers of the 33CrMoV12-9 steel grade. Surface-initiated pitting failure mode was reproduced on a twin-disc machine to analyse crack growth and compressive residual stress behaviour within the nitrided layers. Metallographic examinations, 3D observations by means of high-resolution X-ray computed tomography and residual stress analysis were realised on nitrided 33CrMoV12-9 specimens before and after rolling contact fatigue tests. The study revealed that if the initial compressive residual stresses associated with the surface treatment are released during the process of rolling contact fatigue, pre-existing superficial cracks propagate in the nitrided layers along the intergranular carbides. These precipitates induced by the nitriding process therefore act as preferential crack propagation sites.
Psychiatric disorders in children with demyelinating diseases of the central nervous system
Authors: Pakpoor Julia , Goldacre Raph , Schmierer Klaus , Giovannoni Gavin , Waubant Emmanuelle , Goldacre Michael J
Published: July 2017

Introduction:

The profile of psychiatric disorders associated with multiple sclerosis (MS) may differ in children. We aimed to assess the risk of psychiatric disorders in children with MS and other demyelinating diseases, and vice versa.

Patients and methods:

We analyzed linked English Hospital Episode Statistics, and mortality data, 1999–2011. Cohorts were constructed of children admitted with MS and other central nervous system (CNS) demyelinating diseases. We searched for any subsequent episode of care with psychiatric disorders in these cohorts and compared to a reference cohort.

Results:

Children with CNS demyelinating diseases had an increased rate of psychotic disorders (rate ratio (RR) = 5.77 (95% confidence interval (CI) = 2.48–11.41)); anxiety, stress-related, and somatoform disorders (RR = 2.38 (1.39–3.81)); intellectual disability (RR = 6.56 (3.66–10.84)); and other behavioral disorders (RR = 8.99 (5.13–14.62)). In analysis of the pediatric MS cohort as the exposure, there were elevated rates of psychotic disorders (RR = 10.76 (2.93–27.63)), mood disorders (RR = 2.57 (1.03–5.31)), and intellectual disability (RR = 6.08 (1.25–17.80)). In reverse analyses, there were elevated rates of a recorded hospital episode with CNS demyelinating disease after a previous recorded episode with anxiety, stress-related, and somatoform disorders; attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD); autism; intellectual disability; and other behavioral disorders.

Conclusion:

This analysis of a national diagnostic database provides strong evidence for an association between pediatric CNS demyelinating diseases and psychiatric disorders, and highlights a need for early involvement of mental health professionals.
An improved multi-objective topology optimization approach for tensegrity structures
Authors: Xu Xian , Wang Yafeng , Luo Yaozhi
Published: July 2017

This article presents an improved approach for topology optimization of tensegrity structures. The ground structure method is used to model the topology optimization problem of tensegrity structures into a mixed integer linear programming formulation. To improve the controllability of the found tensegrity structure, the nodes, besides the members, of the ground structure are treated as optimization variables, and direct and customized controls on the must-be-used nodes and on the number of struts connecting to each node are realized. A multi-objective function combining the previously used single objectives and a new developed single objective by weight coefficients is proposed to consider the multi-requirement on different aspects of tensegrity structures. Numerical examples are carried out to verify the proposed approach.
An Experimental Study on Seismic Response of Sliding Isolated Building
Authors: Shi Weixing , Li Zhengsheng
Published: July 2017

A sliding isolation scheme is presented for the seismic isolation of buildings. The isolation system includes Teflon/stainless steel pads and rubber. Tests were done to evaluate the friction coefficient between Teflon and stainless steel pads. In order to obtain the dynamic behavior of a sliding isolated masonry building, six-storey sliding isolated masonry models were compared on a simulated earthquake shaking table. A simple multi-storey numerical analysis model was also established to calculate the seismic response of a sliding model. In numerical analysis the bilinear restoration curve of sliding bearings is derived from the bearing tests. The experimental and numerical results show that a sliding isolation scheme can reduce the seismic response efficiently. The numerical analysis results approximated the experimental results. Two new methods are suggested in the paper to control the maximum displacement of an isolated building. Experimental hysteresis curves reveal that the maximum displacements of isolated bearings can meet the expected values.