bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Dynamics of Low Transition Rate from Primary to Upper Primary in Bihar
Authors:   Professor, University Department of Psychology, Tilka Manji Bhagalpur University, Bihar, India, B P Singh Chandra , Kumar Preetam ,   Research Scholar, University Department of Psychology, Tilka Manji Bhagalpur University, Bihar, India
Published: May 2017

The Unified-District Information System of Education report of Bihar (U-DISE, 2014-15) revealed that about 17.45 per cent children of class V could not transit to class VI in elementary schools. It seems that the goal of universal elementary education may not be realised in the near future if transition rates are not further significantly enhanced. The study was designed to explore contextual reasons of low transition rate from primary to upper primary schools in Bihar with the help of a set of tools. The study was conducted on the government schools (135) randomly selected from three districts (9 blocks and 27 CRCs). 270 teachers, 174 VSS members, 98 Parents, 57 Non-transited children, 27 CRCCs and 9 BRCCs participated in the study. Altogether 1293 cases of the left study category and 411 cases of the left school children were recorded across district. The emerging trend pointed out that domestic work (30 per cent) and wage earning (25 per cent) were prominent reasons across district. Early marriage (11 per cent) and geographical barrier (10 per cent) were other reasons that could not be underestimated. About 47 per cent teachers admitted that schools had no child-friendly set-up leading to low transition in class VI. 43 per cent teachers admitted the fact that their schools were not conducive to transiting all children to class VI. The study discussed the role of VSS members, parents and cluster-resource centre coordinators (CRCCs) in low transition rate and also suggested some measures of improving transition rate.
Annual Summary of Vital Statistics: 2013–2014
Authors: Murphy Sherry L. , Mathews T. J. , Martin Joyce A. , Minkovitz Cynthia S. , Strobino Donna M.
Published: May 2017

The number of births in the United States increased by 1% between 2013 and 2014, to a total of 3 988 076. The general fertility rate rose 1% to 62.9 births per 1000 women. The total fertility rate also rose 0.3% in 2014, to 1862.5 births per 1000 women. The teenage birth rate fell to another historic low in 2014, 24.2 births per 1000 women. The percentage of all births to unmarried women declined to 40.2% in 2014, from 40.6% in 2013. In 2014, the cesarean delivery rate declined to 32.2% from 32.7% in 2013. The preterm birth rate declined for the seventh straight year in 2014 to 9.57%; the low birth weight rate was unchanged at 8.00%. The infant mortality rate decreased to a historic low of 5.82 infant deaths per 1000 live births in 2014. The age-adjusted death rate for 2014 was 7.2 deaths per 1000 population, down 1% from 2013. Crude death rates for children aged 1 to 19 years did not change significantly between 2013 and 2014. Unintentional injuries and suicide were, respectively, the first and second leading causes of death in this age group. These 2 causes of death jointly accounted for 46.5% of all deaths to children and adolescents in 2014.
Desempenho muscular isocinético dos ombros em atletas de rúgbi
Authors: Tadiello Gerson Saciloto , A. dos Santos Luiza Helena Brandelli , Scopel Taise Andreis , Zardo Bruno Soldatelli , Schmitt Vinícius Mazzochi , Bonetti Leandro Viçosa
Published: May 2017

*** Isokinetic muscle performance of shoulders in rugby athletes ***AIMS: To verify the existence of shoulder external and internal rotator muscle asymmetries in male amateur rugby athletes.METHODS: Isokinetic evaluations of male amateur rugby athletes were accessed from the database of the Institute for Sports Medicine and Applied Sciences in Human Movement of Universidade de Caxias do Sul (IME-UCS). Shoulders evaluated were included in the study, whereas those cases without a free and informed consent form signed prior to the test were excluded. The isokinetic dynamometer was used in a concentric-concentric mode for the shoulder external and internal rotators at angular velocities of 60°/s and 180°/s. The peak torque and the external to internal rotator ratio were analyzed. Student’s t test and a significance level of <0.05 were used to verify the existence of asymmetries between the two sides of the same individual.RESULTS: Data from 12 male athletes were analyzed. Regarding the peak torque at the angular velocity of 60º/s, the mean muscle strength values of the dominant limb were significantly higher when compared to non-dominant limb: external rotators, 43.35±4.72 Nm for the dominant limb vs 38.92±4.22 Nm for the non-dominant limb (p=0.0012); internal rotators, 65.58±11.88 Nm for the dominant limb vs 61.69±11.98 Nm for the non-dominant limb (p=0.0021). At 180º/s, the mean values of the non-dominant limb tended to be lower when compared to the dominant limb, without statistical significance. Regarding the mean values of the external to internal rotator ratio, no significant differences were found at any of the angular velocities analyzed.CONCLUSIONS: Amateur rugby athletes showed lower muscle strength of the non-dominant limb when compared to the dominant limb in the peak torque measurements. This difference was not found in other studies with rugby athletes, and we believe that this result is justified by the lack of more frequent and adequate training of these amateur athletes.
Uwagi na temat możliwości rozróżniania między „formą” a „sensem” ekspresji religijnej
Authors: Chmiel Bogumił
Published: May 2017

Przedmiotem artykułu jest przedstawienie problematyki związanej z leżącym u podstaw„modernizacji” języka teologii rozróżnieniem na absolutny/ahistoryczny „sens”Objawienia oraz jego relatywną/dziejowo uwarunkowaną „formę”. Celem analiz jestwykazanie, że owo rozróżeninie nie może być pojmowane jako obowiązujące absolutnie.Jest ono jedynie relatywnie ważne, gdy występuje w ramach poszczególnychteologicznych „paradygmatów”. Dodatkowo wskazano argumenty za tezą, wedlektórej takie próby „modernizacji” form wyrazu mogą przyczyniać się do stopniowejlaicyzacji chrześcijańskiego przesłania.
Der Beitrag des Menschenbilds von Johannes Paul II. zu einer Werteerziehung, die auf das Leben in der Familie, der Gesellschaft und der Kirche vorbereitet
Authors: Stala Józef
Published: May 2017

John Paul II devoted a lot of attention to Man as a person in his teaching. He indicated that it is the false anthropology which is a problem of the contemporary civilization. John Paul II reminded us that Man needs to prepare for life in the family, nation and Church, which places high requirements for families, teachers, educators and priests. At the same time, Man remains a social being, does not exist only for him/herself but rather establishes groups, communities, societies. From this perspective, the proper development of Man demands cooperation of different entities and educational environments.
Wybrane problemy społeczne rodzin w oglądzie Jerzego Popiełuszki – diagnoza, ocena, próba rozwiązań. Studium socjologiczne
Authors: Tułowiecki Dariusz
Published: May 2017

Problemy społeczne są definiowane między innymi poprzez rezonans społeczny, jaki wzbudzają w społeczeństwie, lub też wskazanie ich przez charyzmatyczne jednostki. W latach 80. XX wieku taką jednostką był ks. Jerzy Popiełuszko. Jego kazania uświadamiały istnienie określonych problemów, z którymi winna zmierzyć się ówczesna władza. Część tych problemów dotyczyła rodzin. Można je podzielić na trzy kategorie: łamanie zasad etycznych, problemy polityczno-gospodarcze, problemy społeczne. W tekście dokonano analizy przemówień Jerzego Popiełuszki, wskazując problemy, które wyróżniał w kategorii: łamanie systemu aksjologicznego. Problemy te wynikały z nieposzanowania godności osoby ludzkiej, niesprawiedliwości, braku wolności i zakłamania.
Parafia Wadowice w latach 1957–1960. Wspomnienia wikariusza
Authors: Kubiś Adam
Published: May 2017

Autor artykułu opisuje trzyletni okres swojej pracy duszpasterskiej w latach 1957–1960 w charakterze wikariusza w parafii Ofiarowania Najświętszej Maryi Panny w Wadowicach. Czyni to po prawie 60 latach, by zostawić świadectwo o miejscu urodzenia i lat szkolnych św. Jana Pawła II, papieża. W tekście swoim ogranicza się wyłącznie do wspomnianych lat, nie pisząc o Wadowicach sprzed 1957 roku i po roku 1960.Autor zauważa najpierw, że w okresie jego pracy duszpasterskiej parafia Wadowice sięgała poza granice miasta, obejmując wioski: Jaroszowice, Hobot, Zawadkę i Tomice. Dzisiaj na terenie tejże parafii powstały trzy nowe parafie, z których na imienną wzmiankę zasługuje kościół i parafia pod wezwaniem św. Piotra Apostoła.Większość artykułu Autor poświęca religijnemu życiu parafii, podkreślając, że kształtowała je liturgia trydencka sprzed Drugiego Soboru Watykańskiego. Imiennie wymienia grono kapłańskie, które w latach pobytu Karola Wojtyły kształtowało jego życie religijne. W 1958 roku ks. Karol Wojtyła został biskupem pomocniczym w archidiecezji krakowskiej. W tekście są opisane jego prymicje biskupie i wizytacja duszpasterska, która miała miejsce we wrześniu 1959 roku.
Memorize organic chemist Professor Yuri Yurievich Morzherin
Authors: Fan Zhijin
Published: May 2017

This communication is dedicated to the memory of a brilliant scientist in the field of organic chemistry, Professor Yuri Yurievich Morzherin, who left us on January 11, 2017.
Nucleophilic conjugate trifluoromethylation of chromones and activated alkenes under the action of Ruppert’s reagent
Authors: Sosnovskikh V. Ya. , Roshentaler G.-V.
Published: May 2017

This review summarizes data on the reactions of chromones and activated alkenes with trimethyl(trifluoromethyl)silane (Ruppert’s reagent), which occures as a nucleophilic 1,4-trifluoromethylation with high regioselectivity and good yields. The most important chemical properties of the formed products are also considered.
Anodic behaviour of aluminium and its alloys in sodium chlorate solutions
Authors: Nechaev A. V. , Nechaev A. A. , Timina A. A.
Published: May 2017

The effect of chlorate ions on the anodic dissolution of aluminium and its alloys with magnesium under conditions of high current densities and intensive electrolyte mixing is investigated using the method of anodic polarisation curve removal on a rotating disk electrode. It is shown that at relatively low anodic potential values the process is limited by the capacity of the electrochemical reaction, but with a further potential shift and a venting of the reaction products from the surface of the anode. The effective smoothing of the surface microrelief of aluminium alloys in solutions of chlorates is due to the periodic formation and destruction on the treated surface of a specific oxide film and inhibition due to the electrochemical heterogeneity of the structural components of the alloys.
Engineering and scientific elite at the Mendeleev congress in Ekaterinburg and reflections about science and education
Authors: Golosman E. Z.
Published: May 2017

The article by professor Eugene Golosman was dedicated to Mendeleev congress, science, education, officials, conferences, Hirsch index, Russian Academy of Sciences, RIA, MANEB, competitions "Engineer of the Year", the Mendeleev Museum, the catalysts, the Union of scientific and engineering organizations, chemical society named after D. I. Mendeleev. E. Z. Golosman is a rare example of a great scientist being a famous public figure. The raised issues are of a sharp polemic character, but always they seen the sincere interest of the author in addressing of key issues. The evidence of the importance of the problems under consideration are the numerous responses from readers, responses from the heads of Committees on science, education, the State Duma, the number of Departments of the Ministries of the Russian Federation, the Russian Academy of Sciences and its departments.
An Exploratory Study of Shopping and Optional Tour Oriented Behavior by Tour Guides: Focusing on Foucault’s Disciplinary Power Approach
Authors:   The Tourism Sciences Society Of Korea, An So-Hyun , Lee Choong-Ki
Published: May 2017

This study analyzed tour guide oriented behavior in terms of shopping and optional tour usage from the viewpoint of Foucault's disciplinary power. Tour guides experienced a conflict between their role as guide and their responsibility to generate profit through shopping and optional tour usage. Eventually however, they become tour guides who generate revenue suitable for the current travel industry. By analyzing this from the point of view of disciplinary power composed of relationships, knowledge and surveillance, it was clear that qualified tour guides influenced tourists. This occurred through their specialized tourism knowledge and their relationship with tourists. It is through these influences that tour guides induce shopping and optional tour usage. Conversely, unqualified tour guides were also shown to induce shopping and optional tour purchases through intimidation and high-pressure selling because they are unable to exert their influence effectively on tourists. This was due to their lack of specialized tourism knowledge. Shopping and optional tour sales as induced by tour guides were scored and ranked and sequenced as in a conventional test. From these results, tour guides are compensated or punished. Through this process, tour guides internalize the role of revenue generation. The findings of this study have academic significance in that it we are now able to analyze a tour guides’ behavior from a social point of view.
The Determinants of Foreign Tourists’ Revisit Intention to Korea
Authors:   The Tourism Sciences Society Of Korea, Kim Jin Hoo
Published: May 2017

As the number of foreign tourists visiting Korea increases and competition from neighboring countries for their patronage intensifies, it is more important than ever to induce visitors to return again. Although previous studies have tried to identify the determinants behind foreign tourist repeat visits, most of them used a model that excluded important explanatory variables and that made estimates using data taken from a small sample. To resolve these problems, this study specifies a model to explain foreign tourist intentions to visit Korea again using more relevant explanatory variables, and estimates intentions using data collected from a sample of more than three thousand Chinese and Japanese tourists. The results show that overall satisfaction, the general image of Korea, and the number of previous visits all have a positive impact on the return intention. Tourist nationality (Japanese vs. Chinese) and tour type (free independent travelers, FITs vs. group tourists) are also identified as significant explanatory factors. Other variables being held constant, Japanese tourists and FITs have a stronger average return intention than their counterparts. Finally, it has been found that the effect of overall satisfaction on return intention is attenuated as the number of previous visits increases. These results suggest that omitting any of these explanatory variables from a model cause the OLS estimators to be biased. Furthermore, the results contribute to a more comprehensive and accurate understanding of the relationship between foreign tourist return intention and its determinants.
An Exploratory Study of Experiential Motivation on Historical and Heritage Tourism and the Evolution of Self-Identity: Focused on Tsushima Island Historic Relics
Authors:   The Tourism Sciences Society Of Korea, Lee Chong-Ryeol , Lee Hyung-Ryong
Published: May 2017

The purpose of this study is to diagnose the possibility of a thought shift concerning alienated historical heritage. It is also to investigate the effect of anger about deprived history on the motivation to experience historical heritage tourism and to examine the processes involved in the evolution of self- identity. The study method is an exploratory one and applied ‘ground theory’ among other qualitative research methods. A purposive sample for the study was collected from nine historical heritage tourists in Tsushima. Interview participants consisted of 5 female and 4 male participants who were students, workers, and housewives. Interview data analysis revealed 43 subcategories and 16 top categories. The conclusions of the study are as follows: First, among participants in the study, tourist anger at having their history plundered was found to influence the motivation for experiencing historical heritage tourism and the process of evolution in their selfidentity. Second, by touring historical relics plundered, the necessity for a thought shift is recognized by participants. Furthermore, this evolution of selfidentity is embodied in dark history. Third, throughout this study, it was determined that by understanding the reality between Korea and Japan, new opportunities for future design and an expectation of change in life attitude is seen. Fourth, in the cases where historical heritage became the background, it was confirmed that the recognition and memory of the study participants also played a significant role.
A Discourse on Community Transformation Resulting from Community Festivals
Authors:   The Tourism Sciences Society Of Korea, Oh Soon-Hwan
Published: May 2017

A festival forms an inextricable link between the various parts of a community and is a unifying force. The typical Korean festival has changed according to political and economic changes throughout the community. For example, exclusively religious festivals have evolved into village festivals, market festivals, hometown festivals, and local festivals. Modern festivals are mainly dominated by local governments, so tourists and residents became consumers or bystanders. Numerous netizens are connected to SNS to form friends or join cafes, forming a variety of cyber communities. Festivals leading to meetings and reconciliation will be able to play an important role in making them happier. Therefore, small village festivals and cyber community festivals have been reviewed as part of this research. However, festivals are not only numerous, but also difficult to guarantee their continuity due to budgetary and staffing constraints. The results of this study suggest that the number of festivals should be increased and that participants should share and enjoy the contents of them.
National clinical guidelines on diagnosis and treatment of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: a clinical decision-making algorithm
Authors: Aisanov Z. R. , Avdeev S. N. , Arkhipov V. V. , Belevskiy A. S. , Leshchenko I. V. , Ovcharenko S. I. , Shmelev E. I. , Chuchalin A. G.
Published: May 2017

Treatment of patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is one of the most important tasks of clinical medicine due to high prevalence of and high mortality from COPD. Treatment of COPD as a heterogeneous disease requires different approaches depending on the severity and the clinical course of COPD. Clinical guidelines have become the principal document that regulates different aspects of management of COPD patients. Algorithms of management and clinical decision making are the crucial part of guidelines because they help achieving a balance between making the decision in different clinical situations and simple graphics. The simplified approach is important for implementation the algorithm into clinical practice. Different evidence-based therapeutic schemes proposed by experts of Russian Respiratory Society and other countries have been enclosed into this article with discussion about their strengths and limitations and possibility of practical use. The Russian algorithm reflects a current view on differentiated management of COPD patients and fits the requirements of Healthcare Ministry of Russian Federation and needs of achieving the optimal balance between high informative significance and a simple graphics of the scheme.
An experience of vaccination against pneumococcal infection of adults at Krasnoyarsk krai
Authors: Demko I. V. , Korchagin E. E. , Gordeeva N. V. , Kraposhina A. Yu. , Solov'eva I. A.
Published: May 2017

The aim of the study was to investigate efficacy of specific prevention of pneumococcal infection in high-risk group patients living at Krasnoyarsk krai. Methods. The study involved 12,080 patients with a high risk of pneumococcal infection including patients with chronic lung diseases, chronic heart failure (CHF) and diabetes mellitus. A special questionnaire was developed which included medical history for the previous 1 year and for 1 year after the vaccination. Results. CHF was diagnosed in 41.08% of patients, diabetes was diagnosed in 28.44%, chronic lung diseases were diagnosed in 30.07%; 2.4% of patients had pneumonia. PCV13 vaccine (Prevenar 13) was used in 9,986 patients (82.67%) including 5,070 patients (41.97%) vaccinated against flu and pneumococcus simultaneously. PPV23 (Pneumo-23) vaccine was used in 1,967 patients (16.28%) including 1,181 patients (9.83%) vaccinated against flu and pneumococcus simultaneously. Due to the broad-scale vaccination against pneumococcal infection, exacerbation rate reduced trice, number of hospitalisations related to exacerbations reduced by 11.5 times, morbidity of pneumonia reduced by 4.8 times, morbidity of acute respiratory infections and flu reduced by 6.6 times. Conclusion. The results confirmed high efficacy and safety of 13-valent conjugate pneumococcal vaccine and 23-valent polysaccharide pneumococcal vaccine. The vaccination allowed reducing morbidity of respiratory infection and decrease number of hospitalisations due to exacerbations of chronic diseases.
Clinical course of occupational chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in workers exposed to dust
Authors: Makarov I. A. , Potapova I. A. , Mokeeva N. A.
Published: May 2017

The aim of the study was to investigate staging and time of onset of pulmonary inflammation in workers exposed to dust. Methods. This prospective study involved patients (n = 483) with occupational chronic bronchitis (OCB) and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). We analyzed medical history, lung function, blood biochemistry, and sputum culturing. Additionally, medical recordts of died patients (n = 180) with occupational lung disease were also analyzed. Results. First symptoms of chronic lung disease occurred after 17.1 ± 1.1 years of occupational hazard exposure in women and after 20.1 ± 1.2 years in smoking men. Occupational etiology of the disease was recognized 5 – 6 years later. Occupational COPD occurred earlier that OCB; this could be explained by genetic predisposition to this disease. Occupational COPD developed independently of respiratory infection excepting patients with concurrent diabetes mellitus. Conclusion. The clinical course of COPD is gradual with initial sighs of OCB followed by bronchial obstruction, probably, in genetically predisposed subjects. The disease occurred earlier in women than in men; this could be related to higher susceptibility of females to inhalational pollutants. The cause of death was lung malignancy in > 50% of patients with occupational lung diseases. Lung tumors were diagnosed significantly later compared to non-pulmonary tumors.
Методы прогнозирования несостоятельности: проблемы и перспективы
Authors: Бойко Иван Петрович , Казаков Александр Валерьевич , Колышкин Александр Викторович
Published: May 2017

Проблема прогнозирования банкротства изучается как отечественными, так и зарубежными экономистами. В то же время не существует методики, прогнозирующей наступление банкротства в среднесрочном периоде с достаточной точностью. Для решения данной проблемы зарубежные экономисты предлагают использовать показатели, характеризующие внешние условия хозяйствования, возраст фирмы и ряд других. С другой стороны, необходимо четко разделить понятия «банкротства» и «несостоятельности» и ориентировать модели на прогнозирования именно несостоятельности, как имеющей экономическую природу. Помимо этого, имеются статистические методы, которые могут преодолеть недостатки общепринятой логистической регрессии. В данной статье сделан обзор имеющихся на данный момент перспективных подходов к повышению точности прогнозирования несостоятельности и даны рекомендации отечественным исследователям.
Институционально-правовые аспекты торгово-экономического развития ЕАЭС в условиях ВТО
Authors: Селиверстова Анна Андреевна
Published: May 2017

В текущей ситуации, когда страны-участницы Евразийского экономического союза (ЕАЭС), присоединяются к Всемирной торговой организации (ВТО) не единым блоком, а как отдельные страны, наблюдаются множественные противоречия между национальными и региональными интересами. В частных случаях согласование данных противоречий «замораживается» на некоторый период, например, как в случае с согласованием Единого таможенного тарифа между Казахстаном и ЕАЭС после его присоединения к ВТО, что в некоторой степени подрывает основы самого союза. В других случаях согласованные условия создают ситуацию, при которой наносится серьезный ущерб отдельной национальной экономике, довольно часто он наносится Беларуси, вследствие значительных расхождений в товарных структурах внешней торговли. В этой связи актуальным представляется изучение влияния условий членства в ВТО некоторых стран ЕАЭС на развитие интеграции стран союза как с точки зрения институционально-правового, так и с точки зрения экономического подхода. В рамках данной статьи будет представлены результаты анализа правовых и институциональных аспектов влияния условий ВТО на развитие интеграции стран ЕАЭС, а также разработаны рекомендации с точки зрения институционального подхода.
Развитие женского предпринимательства в Азербайджане
Authors: Самедова Эльнара Роберт
Published: May 2017

В статье рассмотрены женский и мужской стиль ведения бизнеса, отмечено, что женская модель ведения бизнеса отличается склонностью к сглаживанию конфликтов, умением видеть все детали сразу и совмещать несколько видов деятельности. Здесь раскрыта гендерная мотивация женщин к ведению предпринимательского бизнеса. Дается оценка современного состояния женского предпринимательства, и показаны пути устранения барьеров, препятствующих развитию женского предпринимательства.
Odd Harmonious Labeling on Pleated of the Dutch Windmill Graphs
Authors: Firmansah Fery , Yuwono Muhammad Ridlo
Published: May 2017

A graph G(p,q) with p=|V(G)| vertices and q=|E(G)| edges. The graph G(p,q) is said to be odd harmonious if there exist an injection f: V(G)-{0,1,2,...,2q-1} such that the induced function f*: E(G)-{1,2,3,...,2q-1} defined by  f*(uv)=f(u)+f(v) which is a bijection and f is said to be odd harmonious labeling of G(p,q). In this paper we prove that pleated of the Dutch windmill graphs C_4^(k)(r) with k=1 and r=1 are odd harmonious graph. Moreover, we also give odd harmonious labeling construction for the union pleated of the Dutch windmill graph   C_4^(k)(r) union C_4^(k)(r) with k=1 and r=1.
Phenolic Content and Antimicrobial activities of Date Palm (Phoenix dactylifera L.) Fruits and Leaves
Authors: A. Qadoos Hajira , S. Dhafari Hend , A. Al Marzooqi Dalal , I. Yaqoubi Al yzyah , Kumarappan Alagappan , Nazir Asiya , Elsori Deana
Published: May 2017

This study aimed to investigate total phenolic content (TPC) and antibacterial activities of different extracts recovered from Date Palm fruit and leaves using various solvents, including methanol, ethanol and water. The results showed that the highest phenolic content was found in Leaf Methanol extract, followed by Leaf Ethanol extract, and then followed by Seed Methanol extract (74.4 mg/g, 67.3 mg/g, and 64.7 mg/g respectively). Whereas, the date methanol extract had the lowest phenolic content (5 mg/g). The study was also scrutinized to find the antibacterial inhibitory property in the leaves and fruits of date palm against four bacterial species (E.coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus subtilis, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa) by using the well diffusion method and minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC). Date leaves extracts showed inhibitory effect on the growth of Staphylococcus aureus and Bacillus subtilis and resistance to Pseudomonas aeruginosa and E.coli. MIC of methanol and ethanol (70%) leaves extract were 100 mg/ml and 250mg/ml for S. aureus and B. subtilis respectively, however, all the bacteria have resistance to date fruits extracts.
la práctica artística como alegoría de la investigación Artes y Humanidades: una cuestión de formas (de hacer)
Authors: Cornago Oscar
Published: May 2017

La introducción de la enseñanza de las artes en los ciclos superiores de máster y doctorado ha renovado el debate sobre las relaciones entre artes y ciencias. Este artículo analiza las implicaciones de este conflicto reformulado ahora en términos de prácticas (artísticas) frente a investigación (teórica). Dentro del contexto del nacimiento de la subjetividad moderna y las Humanidades, tal y como lo expone Foucault, revisa la idea de praxis ligada a los campos de la naturaleza, el trabajo y la política, apoyándose en Hannah Arendt, Giorgio Agamben y Paolo Virno entre otros pensadores.
Reflexões sobre o Terceiro Teatro na América Latina
Authors: Santos Andrea Paula J.
Published: May 2017

A ideia de Terceiro Teatro, preconizada por Eugenio Barba, chegou à América Latina no final da década de 1970, suscitando uma série de questionamentos que ultrapassaram problemas relacionados à técnica ou à estética e permitiram abordar questões relativas à alteridade, aos níveis de negociação e à imitação. Este artigo tem o propósito de refletirsobre esse assunto, a partir das leituras de Peter Pál Pelbart e Homi Bhabha.
Entrevista com Marvin Carlson
Authors: Bonfitto Matteo
Published: May 2017

Entrevista concedida a Matteo Bonfitto - transcrição de Andrea Paula Justino dos Santos
Editorial
Authors: Bonfitto Matteo
Published: May 2017

Nesse número de Conceição/Conception optamos por abordar uma interrelação complexa entre memória, tradição e transmissão.
O Problema da Transmissão do Conhecimento no Oriente-Ocidente
Authors: Cippiciani Irani
Published: May 2017

Este artigo discorre sobre os processos de transmissão de conhecimento na tradição hindu, problematizando as questões éticas, estéticas, técnicas e humanas implícitas no fenômeno; traçando paralelos com a experiência dos filósofos greco-romanos antigos e seus desdobramentos no contexto das artes cênicas contemporâneas.
Processos de Rurbanização Contemporânea – o transporte de tração animal em cidades de médio porte: um estudo de caso
Authors: Froehlich José Marcos , Monteiro Rosa Cristina , Dos Santos Ericeira Ronald Clay
Published: May 2017

O artigo se fundamenta na noção de rurbanidade como operador analítico para situações socioambientais híbridas, que se articulam na tensão entre o meio rural tradicional e a urbanização acelerada dos projetos desenvolvimentistas. A investigação aborda a permanência do uso de transporte de tração animal em contextos de franca urbanização, como processo representativo da condição rurbana. Os resultados demonstram que os carroceiros nem sempre têm a visibilidade social correspondente à sua importância sociocultural.
Mushrooming Communities: A Field Guide to Mycology in the Community Forests of Portugal
Authors: Serra Rita , Rodrigues Eugénia , García-Barrios Raúl
Published: May 2017

Forest community connections are crucial to ensure forest stewardship and sustainability. We explored the potential of mushrooming to enable such connections in contexts where these connections have been historically broken, alienating local people from forests. Taking the case of the recent devolution of a community forest (baldios) in central Portugal to the local population, we present a five-year pilot project to rework mycology from a mushroom-centered approach to a mushroom-in-baldios approach. Mushrooms were used as an entry-point to connect the forest ecology with the challenges of governance and community building. The devised activities provided an opportunity for people inside and outside the local community to adventure into the woods and find out more about their socio-ecological history, develop communal and convivial relationships and engage in the responsible gathering of wild mushrooms. However, the hosting of mushroomers to know, value and engage with the community forest recovery has constantly working against the enclosure of mushrooms to provide marketable forms of leisure. The outcome of these activities depends on the relationships established between mushrooms, mycologists, local administrators, commoners and poachers, all operating within a framework that favors the eradication of resources instead of long-term relationships that sustain places.
Molecular and Biochemical Characterization of Calmodulin from Echinococcus granulosus
Authors: Wang Ning , Zhong Xiu-Qin , Song Xing-Ju , Gu Xiao-Bin , Lai Wei-Ming , Xie Yue , Peng Xue-Rong , Yang Guang-You
Published: May 2017

Echinococcus granulosus is a harmful cestode parasite which could cause Cystic Echinococcosis in humans, various livestock species and wild animals. Calmodulin (CaM), a Ca2+ sensor protein, is widely expressed in eukaryotes and mediates a variety of cellular signaling activities. In our study, the CaM in Echinococcus granulosus (rEgCaM) was successfully cloned and the molecular and biochemical characterizations of rEgCaM were identified. The results showed that rEgCaM was a highly conserved calcium-binding protein, consisting of 149 amino acids. Immunoblot analysis revealed that rEgCaM could be identified using E. granulosus infected sheep serum. The usage of rEgCaM as antigen was evaluated by indirect ELISA which exhibited a high sensitivity of 90.3% but low specificity (47.1%). rEgCaM was mainly located in the tegument tissues and parenchymal region of protoscoleces, the tegument and inner body of adult worm and predominantly expressed in the germinal layer. The mRNA expression of rEgCaM in PSCs were gradually decreased with the increase death of PSCs. In electrophoretic mobility tests and ANS assays, rEgCaM showed a typical calcium-binding protein characteristics. This is the first report on CaM from E. granulosus and rEgCaM is considered to be involved in some important biological function of E. granulosus as a calcium-binding protein.
Zinc in Infection and Inflammation
Authors: Gammoh Nour Zahi , Rink Lothar
Published: May 2017

Micronutrient homeostasis is a key factor in maintaining a healthy immune system. Zinc is an essential micronutrient that is involved in the regulation of the innate and adaptive immune responses. The main cause of zinc deficiency is malnutrition. Zinc deficiency leads to cell-mediated immune dysfunctions among other manifestations. Consequently, such dysfunctions lead to a worse outcome in the response towards bacterial infection and sepsis. For instance, zinc is an essential component of the pathogen-eliminating signal transduction pathways leading to neutrophil extracellular traps formation, as well as inducing cell-mediated immunity over humoral immunity by regulating specific factors or differentiation. Additionally, zinc deficiency plays a role in inflammation, mainly elevating inflammatory response as well as damage to host tissue. Zinc is involved in the modulation of the proinflammatory response by targeting Nuclear Factor Kappa B, a transcription factor that is the master regulator of proinflammatory responses. It is also involved in controlling oxidative stress and regulating inflammatory cytokines. Zinc plays an intricate function during an immune response and its homeostasis is critical for sustaining proper immune function. This review will summarize the latest findings concerning the role of this micronutrient during the course of infections and inflammatory response and how the immune system modulates zinc depending on different stimuli.
Characterization and Production of Fuel Briquettes Made from Biomass and Plastic Wastes
Authors: Garrido Maria Angeles , Conesa Juan A. , Garcia Maria Dolores
Published: May 2017

In this study, the physical properties of briquettes produced from two different biomass feedstocks (sawdust and date palm trunk) and different plastic wastes were investigated, without using any external binding agent. The biomass feedstocks were blended with different ratios of two WEEE plastics (halogen-free wire and print circuit boards (PCB)) and automotive shredder residues (ASR). The briquettes production is studied at different waste proportions (10-30%), pressures (22-67 MPa) and temperatures (room-130 ˚C). Physical properties as density and durability rating were measured, usually increasing with temperature. Palm trunk gave better results than sawdust in most cases, due to its moisture content and the extremely fine particles that are easily obtained.
Determination of Some American Grapevine Rootstocks’ Suitability for Vertical Gardens as a New Edible Landscape Component
Authors: Çakir Atilla , Yalçınalp Emrah , Meral Alperen , Doğan Ezgi
Published: May 2017

In this study, grapevine, which epitomizes the opinion that vertical gardens can have a positive influence on human psychology with their beautiful view as in the example of hanging gardens of Babylon about 2500 years ago, was used as the research material. The study in question was conducted in Bingol University, Faculty of Agriculture, the Department of Garden Plants research and application area in 2016. The offshoot growth was measured in fertilizer experiment formed as control, 1st application (200 gr/100 lt water, leaf) and 2nd application (100 gr/100 lt water+40% leaf+root) and its footprint in the vertical area was determined. While the average offshoot growth of 1103 P American grapevine rootstock in the 1st and 2nd applications was measured as 61,5 cm and 39,5 cm respectively, it was 43,0 cm and 51,0 for C American grapevine rootstock. The average growth of 1103 P and 1616 C American grapevine in the control group was determined as 30,6 cm and 32,1 cm. The average growth of both American grapevine rootstocks used in the experiment was determined to be higher for the 1st and 2nd applications than the controls.
Tracking Control with Zero Phase-difference for Linear Switched Reluctance Machines Network
Authors: Zhang Bo , Pan J.F. , Yuan Jianping , Rao Wufeng , Qiu Li , Luo Jianjun , Dai Honghua
Published: May 2017

This paper discusses about control of the linear switched reluctance machines (LSRMs) network for the zero phase-difference tracking to a sinusoidal reference. The dynamics of each LSRM is derived by online system identification and modeled as a second-order linear system. Accordingly, based on the coupled harmonic oscillators synchronization manner, a distributed control is proposed to synchronize each LSRM state to a virtual LSRM node representing the external sinusoidal reference for tracking it with zero phase-difference. Subsequently, a simulation scenario and an experimental platform with the identical parameter setup are designed to investigate the tracking performance of the LSRMs network constructed by the proposed distributed control. Finally, the simulation and experimental results verify the effectiveness of the proposed LSRMs network controller, and also prove that the coupled harmonic oscillators synchronization method can improve the synchronization tracking performance and precision.
Fatigue Behavior of the Rare Earth Rich EV31A Mg Alloy: Influence of Plasma Electrolytic Oxidation
Authors: Ceschini Lorella , Morri Alessandro , Angelini Valerio , Messieri Simone
Published: May 2017

Rare earth rich magnesium alloys are used in aerospace and automotive fields because of their high specific strength and good castability. However, due to their low corrosion resistance, protective surface treatments, such as conversion coating or electroless plating are necessary, when they have to be used in humid or corrosive environments. The present study was aimed to evaluate the effect of Plasma Electrolytic Oxidation (PEO) and different surface roughness on the rotating bending fatigue of an innovative Mg alloy, with a high content of Nd (up to 3.1 wt%) and Gd (up to 1.7 wt %). Fatigue tests revealed a 15% decrease in the fatigue strength of the PEO treated alloy with respect to the bare alloy, probably due to the residual tensile stresses induced by the treatment. The effect of surface roughness on the bare alloy was, instead, negligible. The mechanisms of crack initiation were similar in the untreated and PEO treated alloy, with crack nucleation sites located in correspondence of large facets of the cleavage planes.
Low-Carbon Transport Policy in ASEAN Countries: A Comparative Analysis
Authors: Bakker Stefan , Dematera Contreras Kathleen , Kappiantari Monica , Nguyen Tuan Anh , Guillen Danielle , Gunthawong Gessarin , Zuidgeest Mark , Liefferink Duncan , van Maarseveen Martin
Published: May 2017

Emerging countries in Southeast Asia are facing considerable challenges in addressing rising motorisation and its negative impact on air quality, traffic, energy security, liveability, and greenhouse gas emissions. Indeed, even as initial policies to address these issues are being agreed and implemented, current trends are incompatible with sustainable development and long-term climate change targets. This paper presents a comparative analysis of the approach and status of sustainable, low-carbon transport policy in ASEAN countries and identifies differences and similarities, with the aim of helping assessment of feasibility of future policies and informing future studies on policy innovations and cross-country learning. The methodology is based on the taxonomy of policy components developed by Howlett and Cashore, and our data on comprehensive country studies for Indonesia, the Philippines, Thailand and Vietnam and interviews. We find that each country has a specific set of goals, objectives and targets that support sustainable transport, and, directly or indirectly, climate change mitigation. In terms of specific instruments and calibrations, which we analyse based on the Avoid-Shift-Improve approach, there are notable differences between the countries, for example in fuel economy policy.
A Brief History of Long Memory: Hurst, Mandelbrot and the Road to ARFIMA
Authors: Graves Timothy , Gramacy Robert B. , Watkins Nicholas W. , Franzke Christian L. E.
Published: May 2017

Long memory plays an important role in many fields by determining the behaviour and predictability of systems; for instance, climate, hydrology, finance, networks and DNA sequencing. In particular, it is important to test if a process is exhibiting long memory since that impacts the accuracy and confidence with which one may predict future events on the basis of a small amount of historical data. A major force in the development and study of long memory was the late Benoit B. Mandelbrot. Here we discuss the original motivation of the development of long memory and Mandelbrot's influence on this fascinating field. We will also elucidate the sometimes contrasting approaches to long memory in different scientific communities
Long-Term Monitoring for ASR-Deteriorated PC Rigid-Frame Bridge
Authors: Fukada Saiji ,   Kanazawa University  Kakuma-Machi, Kanazawa, Ishikawa, Japan, Ha Minh Tuan , Torii Kazuyuki , Tsuda Makoto , Ura Shuzo , Sasatani Teruhiko ,   Ishikawa Prefectural Office, Ishikawa, Japan,   Kokudo Kaihatsu Center, Ishikawa, Japan
Published: May 2017

Reactive aggregates are widely distributed throughout Japan. In the Noto region, andesite is widespread, which causes alkali-silica reaction (ASR) degradation in concrete structures. For the maintenance of local bridges, it is necessary to observe the expansion trends of cracking caused by ASR in health assessments.

In this study, remote long-term monitoring of a four-span prestressed concrete (PC) rigid-frame bridge was performed to investigate the expansion of cracks by ASR. To evaluate the health of this degraded bridge, instead of focusing only on the locations of cracks, it was also necessary to monitor simultaneously the displacement behaviors over time of the bridge and to obtain the crack expansion trends, which could not be identified by regular visual inspections alone. Therefore, long-term monitoring and loading experiments using large vehicles are utilized to reveal the correlation between cracking due to ASR and displacement of the overall structure due to variations of diurnal temperature and the live load.

As a result of the loading tests using test trucks, by long-term monitoring of the relationship between the temperature and the crack displacement due to ASR, the expansion trend of the crack due to seasonal variations was obtained. A particularly rapid growth trend from spring to summer was recognized. In addition, the vertical displacement of the Gelber hinge, which could be obtained from the inclination angle using the correlation between the inclination angle and the vertical displacement of the static loading tests, was estimated at approximately 30–40 mm during summer. Moreover, as another conclusion of the study, it was found that changes in diurnal temperature and the displacement behavior of the entire bridge had significant consequences on the types of crack expansion in this bridge.
Application of Elastic-Wave Tomography to Repair Inspection in Deteriorated Concrete Structures
Authors: Hashimoto Katsufumi ,   Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University  Nishikyo-ku, Kyoto 615-8540, Japan, Shiotani Tomoki , Nishida Takahiro , Miyagawa Toyoaki
Published: May 2017

Currently, it is highly important to establish economical and efficient management systems for existing concrete infrastructures, in order to fulfil their service design lives and even to extend them. Severe deterioration in aging infrastructure is currently found to be a critical issue. For repairing deteriorated and damaged structures, large budgets are necessary, but budgetary restrictions are often imposed. As a result, preventive and proactive maintenance of infrastructure is desired, and inspections by non-destructive testing (NDT) methods must be applied. In terms of damage assessment and estimation of repair and retrofit recovery in concrete structures, in addition to current NDT, innovative methods must be established. For crack repair methods applied to the existing structures, inspection techniques to assess repair installations have not yet been practically developed. There are many reports that improper repair efforts have resulted in re-deterioration. Although epoxy injection and patch repair methods are widely implemented to refill internal cracks from the concrete surface, it is found in most cases that internal defects remain unknown and potentially could lead to the re-deterioration. Therefore, inspection methods to visualize internal defects in concrete must be readily implemented as a countermeasure for repair works. In the present study, the evaluation of repair effectiveness was performed in a reinforced concrete (RC) pier and a concrete wall in an existing structure. As an innovative NDT method, elastic-wave tomography is applied to evaluate three-dimensional (3D) velocity distribution before and after the repair. Penetration of the repair material and the increase in velocity due to the repair effect are visually and quantitatively identified. Additionally, a 3D tomography technique for one-side access is newly proposed, using drill-hammring to generate an elastic wave. Accordingly, the internal quality of concrete after patch repair is successfully visualized by the elastic wave velocity distribution.
MALE DANCERS OF SABARâ€”STARS OF A FEMALE TRADITION
Authors: Seye Elina
Published: May 2017

This article discusses the role of male dancers within the Senegalese sabar tradition. The most common context for sabar dancing is social dance events that are dominated by non-professional female dancers. However, since the independence of Senegal in 1960 sabar dancing has also been developed as a stage art in folkloric dance companies known as ballets in West Africa. Later sabar also began to be performed by dancers and dance groups on stage with mbalax bands. Both of these newer forms of sabar dancing take the form of pre-planned choreographies performed by both male and female dancers; but, many of the best known sabar dancers today are men. Developments caused by the professionalisation of sabar dancing and analyses of the changes that have occurred in the style of dancing to emphasise the masculinity of the male dancers as opposed to the ideas of femininity traditionally attached to sabar dancing are discussed.