bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Employment of STEM graduates in Kazakhstan: current situation
Authors: Dmitrienko A. S. , Kuzhabekova A. S.
Published: April 2023

The paper analyses the current situation in sphere of STEM graduates’ employment in Kazakhstan who obtained higher and postgraduate education with the STEM profile (science, technology, engineering and mathematics) in 2021. The aim of this study is to model the trajectories of STEM graduates directly after their graduation and assess the proportions of labor flows in the context of the national labor market of Kazakhstan. For the research, official statistics from the Bureau of National Statistics on the labor market and universities performance are used. The results of the analysis show that the majority of STEM graduates in Kazakhstan directly after graduation is employed with no connection to the STEM profile of activity. At the same time, for the vast majority of those who get a job related to the STEM profile after graduation, the job is not directly related to the profile of the received education. It has been found that annual enrollment in the STEM segment of the labor market can potentially affect only less than half of the graduates of STEM programs at both undergraduate, graduate, and PhD levels. Statistical data in conjunction with the results of previous qualitative studies made it possible to assess the prerequisites of graduates who focus on the effective use of acquired skills in the labor market. There are disparities associated with the number of STEM graduates, their desire to start a career in STEM fields and the employers’ practice of hiring. Further trajectories of empirical research in STEM training and further employment are suggested, taking into account the limitations of the data sets.
AN ANALYSIS OF DEIXIS IN THE KING’S MAN (2021) MOVIE: PRAGMATICS STUDY
Authors: Mustaqiem Harfianto Martha , Simatupang Ervina CM
Published: April 2023

The goal of this research is to identify the different types of deixis and the most dominant deixis in the Kings'man Movie. This study used a qualitative approach, with data gathered by watching the film and trancribing the dialogue delivered by the characters. The data used in this paper are the movie The King's Man and its transcript. This study looked into two research questions. The first question is to determine what types of deixis are found in The King's Man Movie, and the last is to determine the types of deixis that are most commonly used in The King's Man Movie. The researcher discovered 786 deixis data. The data was categorized to person, time, place, discourse, and social deixis. The result showed that there are 666 person deixis (85%), 14 time deixis(2%), 22 place deixis (3%), 52 discourse deixis(7%), and 32 social deixis( 4%). the most dominant types of deixis is person deixis.
Corporate Social Responsibility And Financial Performance: An Empirical Study On Vietnam Commercial Banks
Authors:   Ho Chi Minh University of Banking, Thich Nguyen Van , Hang Bui Thi Thu ,   Tay Nguyen University
Published: April 2023

This paper examines corporate social responsibility (CSR) information disclosure and the one-way impact of CSR on financial performance described by the net interest margin (NIM) of the Vietnamese commercial banks between 2012 and 2019. The sample was selected in 29 commercial banks with 232 observations. The generalized method of moments (GMM) was used in this research. The finding shows that the employee responsibility index has the highest disclosure rate, while the environmental responsibility is the lowest. Comparing the level of CSR disclosure among the groups in the sample, the finding also shows that the State group has a higher disclosure rate than the non-State group. Furthermore, the GMM estimation results positively impact NIM's total CSR and environmental responsibility indexes.
EXPLORING THE POTENTIAL OF NEXT GENERATION SEQUENCING IN PLANT BREEDING AND GENETICS
Authors: Ali Kashif
Published: April 2023

Next generation sequencing (NGS) technologies have had a significant impact on plant breeding and genetics, enabling researchers to rapidly and accurately analyze large amounts of genetic data and identify and characterize important plant traits. NGS technologies, such as the study of gene expression and regulation in plants has made extensive use of RNA and genome sequencing, revealing important details about the mechanisms governing these activities. Plant-pathogen interactions have been studied using NGS, which has also been utilized to find pertinent genes. By identifying the genes and genetic variants that are associated with plant resistance to diseases, researchers can cross different plant varieties that are more disease- and pest-resistant. This can help to reduce crop losses and improve crop yields. NGS has been used to study the genetics of plant populations, enabling researchers to identify genetic variations that are associated with important plant traits and to develop new plant varieties with improved performance or desirable characteristics. Despite some challenges, such as complexity of NGS technologies and the limited availability of reference genomes for many plant species, NGS has had a major impact on plant breeding and genetics and is likely to continue to play a significant part in the future evolution of novel plant varieties.
EFFICIENCY OF NITROGEN FERTILIZER IN WHEAT AS INFLUENCED BY DIFFERENT NITRIFICATION INHIBITORS
Authors: Anwar Ahmad Muneeb
Published: April 2023

The nitrification inhibitors are very important in plant nutrition because they prevent the losses and volatilization of nitrogen fertilizers from the soil surface. In this study, the coated nitrogen fertilizers with Dicyandiamide and 4-amino-l,2,4-triazole inhibitors were used and the results from these coated fertilizers was compared with their respective control treatments (without coating). Two wheat varieties Ujala16 and NA1530 was evaluated. The field experiment was arranged in randomized complete block design under split plot arrangement with three replications. Nitrogen treatments which are urea, urea+4-amino-l,2,4-triazole (ATC) inhibitors and urea+ Dicyandiamide (DCD) inhibitor as sub factor and varieties (Ujala16 and NA1530) were maintained as main factor. A control without urea application and a positive control of urea application without coating were maintained for comparison. Data were collected for different agronomic and biochemical related parameters. The data collected was analyzed by Fisher’s analysis of variance technique to determine the variability among the data and mean values of treatments were compared by using least significant difference (LSD) test at 5% probability level. The results showed that nitrification inhibitors had increasing impact on different physiological and biochemical parameters related N treatments including (chl a, chl b, carotenoids, and catalase activity) as well as positive impact on total soluble protein. NI also contributes positively by increasing different yield and yield contributing parameters including (number of tiller per plant, grain weight per spike, 1000 grain weight, plant height, grain yield and harvest index). There is also increasing impact related to varieties with the application of NI on different biochemical parameters including (chl b, chl a+b, carotenoids, proteins, Pod and catalase activity). Different yield and yield components also enhance positively in varieties which are, (number of grains/spike, total plant height, grain yield and biological yield). Hence NI plays a positive role in increasing different physiological and biochemical parameters as well as yield and yield components and ultimately wheat yield also increase.
Analisis Strategi Pemasaran Dalam Meningkatkan Penjualan Dodol Piaraja:
Authors: Adly Amar , Sitorus Pane Fitri Handayani , Syahira Arinah , Gurning Febby Ayu Syahputri , Sambas Yolanda
Published: April 2023

Marketing strategy is one of the important points in achieving competitive advantage on an ongoing basic. To support a business to progress, proper and effective planning is needed as a guide for communiti work units in carrying out their activities. In addition, the existence of tight competition in the business world is also a strong reason for the need for a marketing strategy. Thes study aims to evaluate the marketing strategy applied and determine the level of effectiveness of the application of the marketing strategy in increasing sales of Piaraja dodol in Marunjuk Aceh Village. The research method used is a qualitative descriptive method where the data are taken from the results of surveys and interviews. The results of this study are the strategies used by business actors in marketing dodol piaraja, namely the formulation of marketing strategies starting from the strategy of determining marketing targets (targeting), and market positioning strategies (positioning). In addition, business actors also develop their marketing strategies by implementing a marketing mix strategy. From the results of the analysis, also stated the marketing strategy applied by business actors is quite effective.
Sistem Kerja Keuangan Internasional International Financial Work System
Authors: Nirawati Lia , Samsudin Acep , Auliya Firdiana Nur , Rakhmad Ferry Fahrial , Fauzy H. Muhammad , Isna Abdillah Hanif
Published: April 2023

International financial management is planning, organizing, and controlling the finances of Multinational Corporations (Multinational Corporations, often called MNCs).  Multinational  companies  are  companies  that  operate  worldwide.  MNC finance is rightly defined as a system of monetary relations, which generate the economic activities of the MNC and are necessary for the accumulation, allocation, and efficient use of capital and income funds. In that way MNC finance is a special system, not only because it ensures the smooth functioning of the corporation, and its effective development and allocation depends on the state of world markets, but primarily by the fact that the MNC's financial system itself affects the state of the national economy and the whole of global finance.

Keywords: Company, Finance, Multinational
Rischi Strategici emergenti
Authors:   University La Sapienza Rome Italy, Brogi Marina , Rugiero Floricel ,   ENEL
Published: April 2023

The paper’s purpose is to analyze methods utilized to manage emerging strategic risks at leading Italian companies within the industrial landscape. The paper identifies and elaborates on governance, process and tools necessary to effectively anticipate and respond to emerging threats, by turning these risks into eventual opportunities.
Outcomes of pancreaticoduodenectomy with venous resection: a single center experience with 11 cases
Authors: ÖZDEMİR Dursun Burak , KARAYİĞİT Ahmet , DİZEN Hayrettin , ÖZDEMİR Ümit , KARAKAYA İhsan Burak , TÜRKER Barış , AKYÜZ Cüneyt , ULAŞ Murat , OZER İlter , ÜNAL Bülent
Published: April 2023

Aim: To perform a retrospective evaluation of the morbidity and mortality rates and reliability of venous resection with pancreaticoduodenectomy (PD) procedures in our clinic.

Material and Method: The records of 11 patients who underwent PD with venous resection between May 2016 and May 2021 in the Eskişehir Osmangazi University Faculty of Medicine Department of General Surgery were analyzed retrospectively.

Results: Eleven patients (five women and six men) were included. The patients’ mean age was 64.09±9.27 years (range 47-78). Four (36.36%) patients underwent type 1 reconstruction, one (9.09%) type 2 reconstruction, five (45.45%) type 3 reconstruction and one (9.09%) type 4 reconstruction. Eight (72.73%) patients experienced venous invasion according to the histopathology reports. Mean time between diagnosis and surgery was 14.91±11.33 days, and the mean follow-up time was 17.64±13.31 months. Grade C pancreatic fistula was observed in one (9.09%) patient, who died on the 17th postoperative day. No patients experienced recurrence or metastasis during surveillance.

Conclusion: Pancreaticoduodenectomy with venous resection-reconstruction is safe and the only curative option in patients with pancreatic cancer and venous invasion.
Diagnostic efficacy of computed tomography histogram analysis for the differentiation of histopathological low- and high-grade tumors in colocteral carcinoma
Authors: DOĞAN Kamil , BAYKARA Murat , BAHAR Abdulkadir Yasir , ÖZGÜL Müslüm
Published: April 2023

Aim: Colorectal adenocarcinoma (CA) is the most common type of cancer worldwide and the third leading cause of cancer-related deaths. Primary pathological grade bears importance in the course of the disease. The possibility of non-invasive grading through radiology modalities is still an important issue. The present study aims to reveal whether a non-invasive grading similar to pathological grading can be performed using histogram analysis on computed tomography (CT) scan images.

Material and Method: 58 patients operated and diagnosed with CA pathologically were included in the present study. As for medical protocol, abdominal intravenous contrast CT scan images obtained from TOSHIBA Alexion and TOSHIBA Aquilion ONE (Toshiba Medical Systems, Nasu, Japan) devices with 120 kVp tube voltage were set to a window width of 400 and a window level of 40. Patient images from retrospective scanning were evaluated on a workstation. For the evalution of mass, intraluminal air, necrotic areas, pericolonic fat tissue or intra-mass large feeding vessels were not included in the measurement range. Mass size was measured on the largest axis according to the longest axis. For histogram analysis, regions of interest were positioned. Parameters included in the histogram analysis were pixels, mean, standard deviation, minimum, maximum, median, variance, entropy, size L%, size U%, size M%, kurtosis, skewness, uniformity, percent01, percent03, percent05, percent10, percent25, percent75, percent90, percent95, percent97 and percentile 99.

Results: Histogram analysis results obtained from three different measurements for each of 58 patients were not found to be statistically significant in the differentation of pathologically defined histological grading system.

Conclusion: Although the use of a non-invasive method instead of an invasive one may offer an advantage, was not statistically significant in the prediction of histological grade.
Protective ileostomy in rectal cancer surgery-is it really temporary?
Authors: ULUSOY Cemal , DUMAN Mehmet Güray , GÜÇLÜ METE Sıla , NİKOLOVSKİ Andrej
Published: April 2023

Aim: This single-center retrospective study aimed to evaluate the rate of protective ileostomy closure in patients with rectosigmoid junction/rectal cancer and to investigate the factors that prevent ileostomy reversal.

Material and Method: Patients with rectal cancer treated with/without neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy were included in this study. All were treated with anterior rectal resection and temporary protective ileostomy creation. Decision for ileostomy closure was brought upon predefined ileostomy closure protocol.

Results: Total number of 115 patients (17 with rectosigmoid junction and 98 with rectal cancer) were operated. Neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy was conducted in 90 of them. Ileostomy closure rate was 73.9%. Mean time for stoma closure in patients with chemoradiotherapy conduction was 227.8 days, while in the rest, time was shorter (168.3 days), without statistical difference. Multivariate analysis revealed that endoscopic examination of the anastomosis during its creation was independent prognostic factor that affected ileostomy closure.

Conclusion: More than one quarter of the patients with protective ileostomy experienced non-closure of their stoma due to various events after index rectal cancer surgery. Endoscopic examination of the anastomosis during its creation presented as independent factor affecting ileostomy closure.
Factors affecting complications in 31 cases of elastofibroma dorsi after marginal resection in a single center
Authors: MISIRLIOĞLU Mesut , BİNGÖL İzzet , ÇAKMAK Hüseyin , GÖKSU Hamit , BARAN ZENGİN Umut , GÜNGÖR Bedii Şafak
Published: April 2023

Aim: Elastofibroma dorsi (ED) is an uncommon benign connective-tissue tumor, usually seen in the subscapular region of women after the fifth decade. We present the clinical features, management, and long-term outcomes of cases of ED treated surgically in a single institution.

Material and Method: The data of 31 patients (7 male, 24 female) with a histopathological diagnosis of ED between January 2010 and January 2021 and mean age of 56.6 years were reviewed retrospectively from their records. The mean follow-up duration was 80.2 (19-144) months. Nine cases were bilateral. Marginal resection surgery was performed in all cases diagnosed radiologically and clinically, and preoperative biopsies were performed for three patients. The results were evaluated using a visual analogue scale (VAS) for pain during follow-up.

Results: Complications such as chronic pain (n=5), hematoma (n=5), seroma (n=5), and infection (n=2) were seen in 11 patients (35%) in the early postoperative period and improved over the course of follow-up. A local recurrence observed in one patient during follow-up was re-excised. Significantly more complications were observed in patients with bilateral ED (p=0.015), manual laborers and heavy laborers (p=0.013), patients with comorbidities (p=0.006), those who slept in the supine position (p=0.031), and those who underwent synchronized surgery (p=0.013). In addition, statistically significantly more complications were observed in cases of masses with longer longitudinal length (p=0.016), patients with longer preoperative symptom duration (p=0.009), and longer operative times (p=0.025). The average VAS score improved significantly from 4.97 to 1.52 after surgery (p
Predictive value of c-reactive protein to albumin ratio and systemic immune-inflammation index for the long-term mortality in COVID-19
Authors: POLAT Esra , ŞABANOĞLU Cengiz , CANER Muhdedir , URKMEZ Fatma Yekta , AKYÜZ İNANÇ Fulden , ÖZTÜRK Ünal , KANDEMİR Hüseyin , ARSLAN Gamze Yeter , YÜCE Elif İlkay , İNANÇ İbrahim Halil
Published: April 2023

Aim: Several studies have investigated the association between biomarkers and short-term prognosis in the coronavirus infectious disease 2019 (COVID-19). However, data on the long-term prognosis are limited. To determine the predictive value of systemic immune-inflammation index (SII) and C-reactive protein (CRP) to albumin ratio (CAR) for in-hospital and 1-year outcomes during COVID-19.

Material and Method: The primary outcomes were in-hospital and 1-year mortality. The secondary outcomes were the intensive care unit (ICU) need at admission and transfer to the ICU later on.

Results: The study included 449 (53.6%) males and 389 (46.4%) females with a mean age of 53.8±18.5 years. Previously known heart failure (HF), COVID-19-related HF, acute renal failure (ARF), diabetes mellitus, hypertension, coronary artery disease (CAD), chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)/asthma, high CO-RADS scores (>4), low ejection fraction (EF), higher CAR and SII were associated with an increased in-hospital and 1-year mortality (p
Diagnostic value of preoperative blood parameters in periprosthetic joint infections
Authors: KORKMAZ İzzet
Published: April 2023

Aim: Diagnosis of periprosthetic joint infection (PJI) is not easy and it is made by presenting of combined findings rather than a single finding. The aim of this study is to investigate the role of blood parameters in diagnosing PJI.

Material and Method: Revisions of total knee replacement and total hip replacement operated by the same surgeon between 2008 and 2018 were included in this study. Preoperative blood parameters of the patients were recorded. 69 primary arthroplasty patients with similar demographic characteristics to the patients were also included as the control group.

Results: 214 arthroplasty patients, 79.0% of whom were female (n=169), were included in this study. The patients were divided into 3 groups; 32.2% were primary arthroplasty, 36.9% were aseptic revision arthroplasty, and 30.8% were septic revision arthroplasty. There was no difference between the three groups in terms of demographic characteristics. In pairwise comparisons, preoperative erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), C-reactive protein (CRP), lymphocyte, and platelet-to-lymphocyte rate (PLR) parameters were found to be significantly different in the septic group when compared to both the aseptic group and the primary arthroplasty group. Further analyzes were performed to evaluate the diagnostic performances of ESR, CRP, lymphocyte, and PLR in PJI relative to aseptic patients by plotting to receive operating characteristic curves.

Conclusion: Lymphocyte, PLR, ESR, and CRP may have diagnostic value in predicting PJI. Therefore, these parameters may be helpful in deciding on revision arthroplasty for PJI.
Cardiovascular risk assessment with pulse wave velocity, intima media thickness, and flow-mediated dilatation in patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis
Authors: ALTINTAŞ Mehmet Sait , YÜKSEL Yasin , DEMIRCI Deniz , RAKİCİ Taskin , DEMİRKOL Baris , KARABAĞ Turgut , ÇETİNKAYA Erdoğan
Published: April 2023

Aim: The underlying mechanism of fibrotic lung diseases predisposing to coronary artery disease is not yet clear. Chronic inflammation may contribute to atherosclerosis and play a role in increased cardiovascular risk. To study investigate subclinical atherosclerosis by measuring carotid femoral pulse wave velocity (PWV), carotid intima media thickness (CIMT), and flow-mediated dilatation (FMD) in patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF).

Material and Method: This cross-sectional study consisted of 55 newly diagnosed IPF patients and 55 healthy controls between September 2019 and September 2021. Cardiovascular Risk Assessment was evaluated by endothelial function measured by FMD, CIMT measured by carotid doppler ultrasonography, and arterial stiffness measured by PWV.

Results: In multivariable regression models, the presence of IPF was common independent predictor of CIMT (β±SE=0.18±0.05, p=0.002), log(FMD) (β±SE=–0.15±0.04, p
On the action of Toeplits operators into new BMOA type spaces in the unit disk
Authors:   Bryansk State Technical University, Shamoyan R. F. , Tomashevskaya E. B. ,   Bryansk State Technical University
Published: April 2023

We provide new sharp results on the action of Toeplitz operators from Triebel and Besov spaces to new BMOA-type function spaces on the unit disk. We modify little our previously known proofs. We show our theorems using standard estimates of complex function theory. The proof of sufficiency and neccesity parts of our theorems follow the same type arguments as in previous already known cases. In particular we use standart test function for the proof of neccesity part and the same line of arguments as in previous already known cases. Our theorems may have many applications in complex function theory. Previously such type theorems were known in less general classses of BMOA type in the unit disk.
On the problem of the general Adyghe literary language
Authors:   Institute for Humanitarian Studies of the KBSC RAS, Bakov H. I.
Published: April 2023

In the introductory part of the article, arguments arc given confirming the relevance of the topic, on which there are very few scientific developments, although it worries all the Adyghes living both in their historical homeland in the KBR, AR, KChR, and in foreign diasporas. The article mainly uses the comparative-historical method of research. The historical facts that led to the disunity of the Adygs - the Adyghes and Kabardians, who created a literary language based on different dialects, are being clarified. To a certain extent, materials on the history of the Adyghe and Kabardino-Circassian languages were used, as well as variants of alphabets created on different graphic bases, the appearance of which was influenced by political and other reasons. As noted in the article, the literary language has a special meaning in Nalchik for the Circassians, who turned out to be disunited and living in the three republics of Russia and in many foreign countries, being in a foreign cultural environment. Representatives of the Circassians realized in the 1920s the need to create a single alphabet, but this was prevented by historical and political circumstances, which will be discussed in this study. Now many advocate the creation of a single literary language, but few offer real ways to achieve this noble goal. In the 1990s, experts considered this problem almost insoluble and it was postponed indefinitely. The author of the article invites to a discussion on this topic and offers some preliminary solutions that can budge an important problem for the people.
Analysis of the Solar Charge Controller using ABCD Framework
Authors: Acharya P. Sridhara
Published: April 2023

Purpose: The renewable energy is getting more and more popular today due to various factors including the benefits of the energy system, contribution to the environment in zero pollution, and flexible adoption for both domestic as well as the industry. Among the various renewable energy sources, the most popular is solar energy which can be easily installed. This type of renewable energy is more popular today. The performance of the solar energy system is affected by the availability of sunlight, the battery backup, and the load. Thus, the efficiency of the solar energy system depends on the above factors. It is very important that every solar energy system needs a charge controller to increase the efficiency of the total system. The solar charge controller has to control the charge stored in the battery backup, load, and switching concepts. A new model of the solar charge controller by the name smart switch is suggested which could improve the efficiency of solar energy by taking smart decisions in charging the battery backup, supplying the solar energy to the load when the battery is getting full, and then managing the energy storage in the battery backup, etc.
Design/Methodology/Approach: Developing a conceptual theoretical model by the name smart switch and studying the performance of the same by taking the values in different time intervals. Then analysis of the model is done using the ABCD framework.
Findings/Results: The performance of the model is studied by considering the values at various time intervals and the observations are noted in the tabular format. The values entered in the table are from the theoretical performance of the smart switch-a modified solar charge controller. From the table it is proved that the performance of the model is found to be optimal. The performance of the smart switch is analyzed using the ABCD framework.
Originality/Value: A new conceptual model is analyzed using ABCD framework by identifying the determinant issues and key attributes for each determinant issue. This analysis is proven to be adaptable in future technology.
Paper Type: Conceptual Research.
Custos de produção de suínos: estudo nos principais estados produtores do Brasil
Authors: Souza Hugo César de , Feh Lara Cristina Francisco de Almeida , Tavares Marcelo , Trindade João Antônio de Souza , Magnago Barbara Scaramussa
Published: April 2023

Resumo

O objetivo deste estudo é identificar as variáveis de custos da produção de suínos que apresentam diferenças significativas entre os principais estados produtores do Brasil, no período de 2012 a 2017. A suinocultura é uma atividade que obteve uma expansão significativa na economia nacional nos últimos anos, de tal forma que está integrada ao agronegócio brasileiro. Em razão de seu crescimento e das especificidades da produção, observou-se que a aplicabilidade da contabilidade de custos, em qualquer modalidade da suinocultura, é necessária para o sucesso e rentabilidade dos negócios. Como metodologia, a pesquisa caracteriza-se como descritiva, documental e quantitativa. Para obtenção dos resultados, aplicou-se a Análise da Variância e o teste de Scott-Knott, demonstrando que os itens com maior variação entre as cidades analisadas são: Mão de Obra, Despesas com Manutenção e Conservação, Despesas Eventuais, Funrural, Depreciação das Instalações, Depreciação dos Equipamentos e Remuneração do Capital Médio, Instalações e Equipamentos. Identificou-se também que a variável Gatos com Transporte apresentou a segunda maior média entre todos os estados analisados. Conclui-se, portanto, que Goiás e Ceará apresentam as maiores médias para essa variável, e este último, registra também a maior média para Gastos Veterinários, o que difere estatisticamente dos demais estados.

Palavras-chave: Agronegócio. Suinocultura. Gestão de Custos.
Population Growth in India
Authors: Rohini Bhagat  , Simran Kaur Rajput
Published: April 2023

The population growth in India may overtake China by the year 2030. The National Population Policy of India targets population stabilization in India by the year 2045. The present paper carries out objective analysis of the population growth in India in terms of change in specific growth. At the present rate of specific growth rate decline, the population by the end of the century will be 2.49 billion. For the population to achieve zero growth by the year 2045, a decline in specific growth rate will have to be achieved at the rate of 0.000428 per year
Survey Paper: Plant Disease Detection using CNN
Authors: Sakshi Rudrawar  , Yogini Pujari  , Apeksha Savant  , Prof. Mrutyunjay Kumar
Published: April 2023

“Agriculture provides employment opportunities for village people on large scale in developing country like India. Most of Indian farmers are adopting manual cultivation due to lagging of technical knowledge. In addition that, Plant leaf disease has been one of the major threats to for plants since long ago because it reduces the crop yield and compromises. plant diseases are studied in the literature, mostly focusing on the biological aspects. They make predictions according to the visible surface of plants and leaves. This paper presents a system that is used to classify and detect plant leaf diseases using machine learning techniques. In our work, we have taken specific types of plants; include tomatoes, pepper, and potatoes, as they are the most common types of plants in the world and in Iraq in particular. Using machine learning algorithms, which comprise procedures like dataset construction, loading images, prepping, segmentation, feature extraction, training a classifier, and classification, it is possible to classify plant diseases. This paper presents a Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) model algorithm based method for Agricultural leaf disease detection and classification. So, the neural networks can capture the colours and textures of lesions specific to respective diseases upon diagnosis
The formation of the quality of wheat bread from a mixture of vegetable raw materials
Authors: Baiysbayeva М. P. , Iskakova G. K. , Izembaeva A. K. , Moldakulova Z. N.
Published: April 2023

This article determines the influence of vegetable additives included in the recipe of wheat bread on the quality of the finished product. The aim of the work is to add flax flour and dietary fiber powder to increase the nutritional value and dietary fiber of wheat bread. In this article with the aim of obtaining bread with good quality characteristics the possibility of using flax seed infusion starter and flax flour in the recipe of wheat bread was studied. To improve the nutritional and biological value of the bread, 0.3-0.7% of dietary fiber and 5-25% of flax flour were added to the mass of wheat flour in the recipe. To determine the optimal amount of additives organoleptic and physico-chemical parameters of the quality of the finished bread were studied. Amino acid composition of the sample selected as the optimal variant, compared with the control sample was determined by the standard method. As a result of laboratory research from the data obtained on the quality indicators of wheat bread with vegetable additives it was determined that the optimal variant of adding 0.5% of dietary fiber powder, 20% of flax flour and sourdough. We can say that the nutritional value of the variant compared to the control in terms of protein content increased by 48.8%. It was found that the finished bread selected as the optimal variant was obtained with high quality characteristics, increased nutritional and biological value, and it can be used for dietary purposes.
The development of technology and research of quality indicators of nachos from non-traditional raw materials
Authors: Orazov A. Zh. , Abylgazinova A. T. , Koishieva Zh. Zh. , Zhalgasbayeva M. T.
Published: April 2023

Currently, due to lifestyle changes, ready-made snacks are a popular and in-demand food product. The use of a large number of snacks leads to the development of a number of negative changes in human health. According to WHO, diseases of the gastrointestinal tract are among the five most common diseases in the world. Most often these diseases affect children, preschool, school age and students. The reason for this may be, first of all, the uncontrolled use of «dry rations», that is, various types of snacks. But snacks can serve as a technological basis for designing innovative food products with excellent consumer characteristics (organoleptic and physico-chemical properties). Therefore, replacing the harmful component of snacks with balanced raw materials, a useful product is obtained. The article describes the technology of nachos obtained by changing the component of the recipe, and with the addition of unconventional raw materials. When preparing nachos, cottage cheese was used to increase its nutritional value. To check the quality indicators of raw materials and finished products, standard visual-sensory and laboratory research methods were used, the results of the studies were described in detail and recorded. To date, the most common fast food product as an alternative to chips has been offered Mexican nachos. Non-traditional raw materials and natural additives were included in the nachos recipe. As an unconventional raw material, cottage cheese was chosen as the main component according to the recipe. Cottage cheese, fat content 4.1%, was obtained from natural cow's milk by fermentation by thermophilic bacteria. The article presents a balanced nachos recipe. According to the calculated recipe, the nachos product was prepared. The organoleptic and qualitative indicators of raw materials and finished products are determined. According to the results of the studies, the lead content in nachos was 0.019 mg/kg, cadmium-0.003 mg/kg, manganese-0.051 mg/kg and iron-0.038 mg/kg. The results obtained comply with the requirements of regulatory documentation. At the same time, the protein content in the finished product was 9.6 g, fat 5 g, carbohydrates 40.9 g, total energy value-249.67 kcal. The results of the study actually showed that there are grounds to recommend nachos on the market as alternates for fast food products.
The development of premix technology with vermiculite filler
Authors: Zhienbaeva S. T. , Yermukanova A. M. , Tleubayeva Z. B.
Published: April 2023

In achieving a high level of biological usefulness of feeding poultry, the enrichment of compound feed with a complex of biologically active additives – premixes is of decisive importance. The organization of the production of high-quality premixes is an important direction in the development of the domestic feed industry. Vermiculite is one of the mineral raw materials mined on the territory of the Republic of Kazakhstan, suitable for use in agriculture, in the production of premixes. Kazakhstan has large resources of vermiculites. The aim of the study is to determine the feasibility of using the natural mineral vermiculite from the Kulantau deposit as a filler in the production of premixes and a component in the production of animal feed. The physicochemical parameters of the natural mineral vermiculite have been determined. The analyzes of the study were carried out in the research laboratory for assessing the quality and safety of food products of the Almaty Technological University. Studies have been carried out on the use of vermiculite from the Kulantau deposit as a filler-diluent in the production of premixes. It was found that the natural mineral vermiculite has good flowability, low humidity, does not cake, so the use of vermiculite in the production of premixes helps to increase the safety of biologically active substances. The optimal time for preliminary mixing of microcomponents with vermiculite filler has been determined. With the addition of vermiculite after the third minute of mixing, the coefficient of variation is 6,63%. The introduction of the vermiculite mineral into the premix has a positive effect on the mixing process and the uniformity of the finished product. The mineral vermiculite reduces the humidity of the premix, has good flowability, and prevents the separation of the premix components during transportation. The total mixing time of the premixes is reduced to 4 minutes. The study of the vermiculite mineral in the composition of the premix, the improvement of the technological scheme for the production of the premix, will allow the production of high-quality domestic premix.
The research of the classification of ergonomic parameters and movements of a woman's raincoat in dynamics
Authors: Aldabergenova A. T. , Moldagazhieva Z. D.
Published: April 2023

Today, there is a very high demand for women's raincoats in the market of Kazakhstan. One of the important requirements for raincoats are ergonomic requirements. Currently, the lack of clear literature systematized recommendations for the study of ergonomic requirements of raincoats is the main and relevant for solving in full in this ergonomic study of the raincoat. The article considers the study of classifications of ergonomic requirements and movements of a woman's raincoat in dynamics. In the course of the study, a marketing analysis was conducted, that is, a survey. The differentiation of the main body movements of women and the frequency of occurrence of the main body movements performed by consumers in the course of their activities is carried out. As a result, three main types of movements in dynamics were identified. The images of the presented poses № 1, № 9, № 16 in three environments and significant dimensional features that change during movement, affecting the design of clothing, are revealed. According to the selected dimensional characteristics, the difference between static and dynamic features, i.e. the dynamic effect, is calculated. The values of dynamic effects in absolute and relative units and the values of the application, the increase in free fit were also determined. In this regard, the studied dynamics criteria and the increase in free fit were based on the construction of a new model of a women's raincoat.
The study of the influence of plant additives on increasing the food and biological value of soft waffles
Authors: Burlyaeva A. S. , Pronina Yu. G. , Nabiyeva Zh. S. , Samadun A. I.
Published: April 2023

Currently there is an acute shortage of fibres and proteins in the human diet, resulting in various diseases. The modern market needs a product capable of diversifying the range in the sector of functional, dietary flour confectionery. To this end, the article shows one of the ways to improve the macronutrient composition of waffles, especially with regard to the protein-carbohydrate component of the product. Laboratory analysis showed that the introduction of pea protein, chicory root syrup and apple fiber into the composition of flour and confectionery increased protein content by 3.3% in wafers made of rice flour only and by 5.6% in waffles made of a mixture of whole grains and rice flour. The amount of sucrose decreased in «Rice» waffles by 2.6% and by 2.3% in «Wheat-rice» waffles, and the amount of fiber on average is 3-4 times more, compared to the control sample. In comparison with the control sample, increased the average number of essential amino acids such as: lysine – in 1.5 times; phenylalanine – in 1.25 times; leucine and isoleucine – in 0.8 times; methionine – in 1.5 times, threonine – in 3 times. Thus, the study resulted in the development of dietary plant based soft waffles with improved macronutrient composition, able to expand the range of functional products and can be recommended for dietary nutrition.
The research and development of resource-saving technology for the production of soft cheese from whey
Authors: Zhakupova G. N. , Tultabayeva T. Ch. , Sagandyk A. T. , Toregeldi Z. S.
Published: April 2023

The main strategy of the state policy in the nutrition is the natural products production that helps to reach the daily needs for nutrients, as well as the development and intensification of resource-saving technologies. It has been established that the production of cottage cheese and cheese has increased in Kazakhstan, therefore, the volume of whey, which is a waste product, has also increased. However, only 10% of the whey is recycled, and the rest is drained into wastewater, harming the environment. At the same time, it was established that whey is a valuable biological raw material. The most rational solution to this problem is the processing of whey, using modern methods, research and development of technology for low-calorie and functional foods based on whey. The purpose of this work is to research and develop modern methods of deep processing of whey and the production of natural low-calorie functional foods based on whey. Soft cheese from whey was selected as the studied products. The obtained samples of whey cheese were studied by composition, their energy value and amino acid composition were determined. According to the data obtained, it is possible to judge the usefulness and quality of the cheeses studied.
The study of the rheological characteristics of pasta dough based on poly-cereal flour raw
Authors: Ospanov A. , Timurbekova A. , Nurdan D.
Published: April 2023

The article presents the results of studies of indicators of rheological characteristics of dough for the production of non-traditional pasta based on whole-ground poly-cereal raw materials. The main purpose of the research is to study the indicators of the rheological characteristics of dough based on flour produced from nontraditional poly-cereal raw materials. Modern technologies make it possible to obtain pasta enriched with targeted food additives. Such pasta has a number of advantages and will be in high demand among consumers. Experimental studies have shown that the rheological properties of flour dough obtained from wholemeal flour have poor characteristics. Therefore, in order to improve the rheological characteristics of the dough, it is possible to introduce a biologically active additive in the form of dry wheat gluten (DWG) in an amount sufficient to achieve standard values of flour strength indicators. In terms of the total mass of the test sample, DWG was introduced in the ratio of 5, 10, 15 and 20 %. In the course of experimental studies, the quantitative values of the coefficients of elasticity (Ie, %) of the prototypes were determined, characterizing the tensile strength of the dough during deformation along two axes. With the addition of 5 % dry wheat gluten, the numerical value of Ie was 14.6 % for a dough based on wholeground barley flour. A further increase in the content of DWG in the  dough recipe led to an increase in the values of Ie. The analysis of experimental data showed that the rheological characteristics of the dough obtained from flour based on whole grains of cereals and legumes are significantly improved with the addition of DWG (10 % DWG – to 29.2 %, 15 % DWG – 43.8 %, 20 % DWG – 58.4 %). This confirms that the main goal of the article has been achieved.
What Do These Tweets Mean for Us? How Analysis of Consumer Tweets
Sheds Light on Consumers’ CSR Beliefs and Firm Confidence
Authors: Harrison Kristina , Huang Lei
Published: April 2023

Through an experimental design and using the theoretical lens of categorization and cognitive appraisal theories, this research examines how tweets evaluated based on tone (valence and character) coupled with the CSR type (Corporate Operating Performance vs. Corporate Social Performance) and the related CSR fraud can subsequently impact their CSR beliefs and confidence in the firm. CSR beliefs are the extent that an individual feels a firm should be engaging in CSR activities. It was found that the valence of the tweets moderated by the tweet’s character or tone impacts the consumer’s belief in firms engaging in CSR activities. Tweet valence increases confidence in firms while tweet valence moderated by the fraud type (CSP fraud vs. COP fraud) decreases confidence in firms. Negative utilitarian tweets lead to less confidence in firms while positive utilitarian tweets lead to more confidence in firms, which can be explained through cognitive appraisal theory.
DEVELOPMENT OF URBANIZATION IN KAZAKHSTAN IN THE POST-PANDEMIC PERIOD
Authors:   Almaty University of Humanities and Economics, Seitkhamzina G.Zh. , Bekenova L.M. ,   Almaty University of Humanities and Economics, Akhatova E.Kh. ,   Almaty University of Humanities and Economics
Published: April 2023

The purpose of the article is to study new forms of urbanization processes in the post-pandemic period. When studying the processes of urbanization in the Republic of Kazakhstan and the world, a set of the following methods of economic research was used: monographic, program-target, logical. In the work on the study, such theoretical research methods as comparisons and generalizations, scientific abstraction and synthesis were also used. The processes of urbanization depend on many factors, political and economic. Recently, the impact of the global Coronavirus pandemic on all processes taking place in the global economy, including the development of urbanization, has been of particular importance. The article studies the state of urbanization in the Republic of Kazakhstan for this period, summarizes recommendations and measures for the development of cities, highlights the main forms and trends in the course of urbanization in the post-pandemic period. The negative consequences of quarantine measures taken by the governments of countries to combat Coronavirus directly affect the economic development of countries and regions, and, accordingly, the development of cities and settlements, that is, the processes of urbanization. In the study on the impact of these consequences, the instructions of the President of the Republic of Kazakhstan are mentioned, new approaches of the Kazakh government to regional and territorial development are considered, which will allow managing the process of urbanization, ensuring the phased nature of "migration waves", avoiding overpopulation and social tension in large cities. Administrative and territorial changes will optimize the process of public administration, simplify travel for citizens to the regional center and back, and contribute to more effective regulation of internal migration. All these initiatives and proposals of the President of the Republic of Kazakhstan will soon give a strong impetus to the development of cities – new regional centers, strengthen their economy and competitiveness, which in turn gives the prospect of a good pace of urbanization growth in Kazakhstan.
Analysis of the impact of financial market in economy
Authors: Jafarova Aitaj , Guliyeva Yasemen , Rzayeva Turkan
Published: April 2023

The financial market is a form of market where financial resources appear as commodities. In other words, the financial market is a market that ensures the distribution of funds among economic subjects. Its main purpose is to ensure the efficient mobilization of funds and their transfer to those who need financial resources. One of the main factors of the need for the creation of the financial market is the unequal distribution of financial resources. Despite the fact that a lot of work has been done on the development of the financial market in our republic, its current situation still does not fully meet world standards, and many problems are evident in this area. Thus, the financial market in our country belongs to the emerging market type and there is a need to take more measures and improve the system.