bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Gubernamentalidad, Hegemonía y Economía política. El retorno del (neo)liberalismo en la teoría política posmarxista
Authors: Méndez Samoiloff Agustín
Published: July 2024

El objetivo del presente artículo será llevar una lectura crítica de la Teoría de la Hegemonía de Ernesto Laclau adoptando para tal fin el punto de vista proporcionado por la noción de “gubernamentalidad (neo)liberal” desarrollada por Michel Foucault.
Esta contraposición permitirá observar los límites inherentes a aquellas posturas teóricas que se inscriben al interior de las llamadas ontologias posfundacionales que, en pos de definir un concepto puro de lo político, relegan el estudio del papel que juega el mercado -así como el dispositivo de la economía política- entendido ya no como una esfera desde donde emerja el sujeto del cambio social, como pretendía el marxismo clásico, sino como un régimen de veridicción que marca, efectivamente en lo real, aquello que no existe y lo somete legítimamente a la división de lo verdadero y lo falso. De esta forma, se resaltará la importancia de desarrollar una crítica política del saber neoliberal a partir de una ontologia crítica del presente.
Testimony, Memory and Confession: The Technology of the Truth Commission in Colombia
Authors: Preciado Castellanos Manuel Alejandro , Roberto-Alba Nelson Fernando
Published: July 2024

El artículo analiza la tecnología de la memoria como verdad que reside en el trabajo adelantado por la Comisión para el Esclarecimiento de la Verdad, la Convivencia y la No Repetición creada en Colombia en el marco de los Acuerdos de Paz firmados por el gobierno y la guerrilla de las FARC-EP en 2016, a partir del dispositivo confesional propuesto por Michel Foucault en los años 70 y 80. Se establecen tres momentos en el desarrollo del estudio de la confesión y el testimonio: 1. Se analizará el mecanismo de recolección de testimonios en el volumen Cuando los pájaros no cantaban. 2. Se retomarán los estudios sobre la confesión y la verdad en los análisis de Foucault. 3. Se propone una articulación entre memoria e historia a partir de los testimonios. El artículo finaliza con alusiones a la memoria histórica desde la propuesta de una tecnología testimonial, instalada en el dispositivo confesional.
Azuela de la Edad del Bronce procedente de Sevilla
Authors: Almagro-Gorbea Martín , Montero Ruiz Ignacio
Published: June 2024

Se da a conocer una azuela de cobre arsenical (Cu = 99,0 %; As = 0,7 %) de forma trapezoidal simple, procedente de un hallazgo de 400 o 500 piezas semejantes en tierras de Sevilla. Se discute su función, su composición metalúrgica, su cronología del Bronce Antiguo y sus paralelos en el Próximo Oriente y en la península ibérica. Su función como azuela testimonia el desarrollo de la carpintería en el Bajo Guadalquivir y probablemente el inicio de la carpintería de ribera relacionada con la navegación.
Identificación de mármoles blancos, grises y blancos y grises empleados en la decoración de la arquitectura de Complutum (Alcalá de Henares, Madrid)
Authors: Savin Marie Claire , Gutiérrez García-M. Anna , García-Entero Virginia , Lapuente Mercadal Pilar
Published: June 2024

Presentamos los resultados de los análisis arqueométricos (petrografía, microscopía óptica (LPP, LPA), cátodoluminiscencia (CL) y espectrometría de masas de relaciones isotópicas (IRMS) ?¹³C y ?¹?O) a muestras de mármol blanco y/o gris procedentes de la decoración arquitectónica de edificios de la ciudad romana de Complutum (Alcalá de Henares, Madrid). Los mármoles analizados, utilizados en la elaboración de placas de revestimiento y elementos moldurados, proceden de canteras hispanas, Anticlinal de Estremoz (Portugal) y provincia de Toledo, lo que permite confirmar el uso mayoritario de los marmora hispanos —también de las calizas de Espejón— en la decoración de las construcciones públicas y domésticas de esta ciudad del interior peninsular.
Tecnología y clasificación de puertas califales: los ejemplos de Córdoba y Mad?nat al?Zahr?’ (siglos X?XI d. C.)
Authors: Ugolini Sánchez‑Barroso Alejandro
Published: June 2024

Debido a la sensibilidad de los elementos que componen una puerta a los agentes ambientales estos difícilmente se conservan completos y en buen estado, por lo que rara vez se han estudiado en profundidad. A partir de hallazgos arqueológicos en el área de Córdoba, planteamos esbozar una tipología de soluciones de cierre para espacios en el período final del siglo X y principios del XI d. C. Conocer los materiales de las puertas nos ayuda a complementar la información ofrecida por el registro arqueológico, delimitando espacios e interpretando su uso en base al tipo de puertas empleadas.
Dissolvendo o Paradoxo entre Ciência e seu Ensino
Authors: Capiberibe Nunes Clair de Luma , Pereira de Queirós Wellington
Published: June 2024

O ensino de ciências frequentemente apresenta um paradoxo: apesar da ciência ser uma atividade dinâmica e polêmica, seu ensino muitas vezes permanece estático e dogmático. Para abordar essa discrepância, propomos uma estratégia educacional que incorpora os quatro momentos fundamentais da pragmática da investigação, onde o argumento de autoridade desempenha o papel crucial de uma hipótese a ser explorada. Através da aplicação dessa abordagem, examinamos uma declaração de Einstein sobre a relação massa-energia. Nossa análise revela que a abordagem tradicional muitas vezes induz crenças científicas em afirmações que podem conter equívocos. Em contraste, nossa metodologia não só identifica tais equívocos, mas também promove a construção de conhecimento científico substancial. Isso se alinha com o objetivo maior de inserir a dimensão dinâmica e polêmica da ciência no contexto do ensino de física, contribuindo assim para a resolução desse paradoxo.
Gobernanza y gestión de calidad de los centros de producción e investigación: Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos
Authors: Zanabria Huisa Elmer Nievez
Published: July 2024

El objetivo de la presente investigación fue determinar en qué medida la gobernanza influye en la mejora de la dimensión funcional de la gestión de calidad en los centros de producción e investigación de la Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos. Se realizó con un enfoque de investigación cuantitativa de tipo aplicada y no experimental, la muestra fue de 50 gestores, 3 áreas académicas, 14 facultades, 8 centros de producción, 3 centros de investigación, 13 institutos de investigación y 2 unidades de investigación. Se aplicó la técnica de encuesta y el instrumento fue un cuestionario. Los resultados demuestran que la mayoría de los gestores manifestaron que la gobernanza tiene un impacto positivo en la gestión de calidad en los centros productivos e investigación (criterios de valoración mucho, 76%, y bastante, 86%). Esto se corrobora estadísticamente mediante el Rho de Spearman que presenta un nivel de significancia normal (0.000) entre la variable la gobernanza y gestión de calidad, por lo que se demuestra una correlación positiva moderada al ser el valor igual a 0.638. En conclusión, se determina que la gobernanza influye en la mejora de la dimensión funcional, en el desarrollo personal, la organización interna, la capacidad de dirección, las operaciones y procesos, el uso de recursos, la gestión económica y financiera, las directivas internas y regulaciones de la gestión de calidad en los centros de producción e investigación de las áreas académicas y facultades de la UNMSM.
Rhynchospora y Carex (Cyperaceae) en los Andes de Lambayeque, Perú
Authors: Perez Chapoñan Maria , Ayasta Varona Jose , Juarez Chunga Ana
Published: July 2024

A total of four species of Cyperaceae in the genus Rhynchospora (Rhynchosporeae) and five of Carex (Cariceae) are reported for the first time as members of the flora of the department of Lambayeque, in the northeast of the Peruvian territory, occupying the Andean ecoregions of Northwest Montane Rainforests (BPMN), Jalca, and Desert Shrub-Dry Forest transition (MD-BS). The distribution of the species and presence in herbaria are also discussed.
The “Tumbling Gallstone Sign” of Obstructive Gallstone Ileus
Authors: Theodorou Daphne J. , Theodorou Stavroula J. , Gkogkos Vasilios , Ziogas Dimosthenis
Published: June 2024

The "tumbling gallstone sign" is a diagnostic imaging finding described on radiologic examinations of the abdomen, in patients with cholelithiasis associated with intermittent episodes of gallstone obstructive ileus.  Best seen on serial radiographs or CT studies of the abdomen, this sign indicates a sudden change in position of the gallstone(s) within the intestinal lumen from the upper segments of the bowel to the lower segments of the bowel, causing transient mechanical bowel obstruction.  The tumbling gallstone sign has been likened to that of the classic childrens' tumbling tower balancing game.  On repeat CT scans, the dislodged gallstone(s) may be seen proceeding distally and impact in the ileum at a level lower than that seen on the previous CT scans, analogous to the tumbling gallstone sign.
Optimization of ERCP Technique to Improve the Sensitivity of Biliary Brushing: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
Authors: Verdonk Robert C , Zoutendijk Roeland , Van der Schaar Peter J , Didden Paul , Kelder Hans , Brosens Lodewijk A , Van Santvoort Hjalmar C , Raicu Mihaela G , Vleggaar Frank
Published: June 2024

Background and Aims: Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) with brush cytology is an important tool in the diagnosis of hepatobiliary malignancies. However, reported sensitivity of brush cytology is suboptimal and differs markedly per study. The aim of this study is to analyze the optimal technique of endobiliary brushing during ERCP.
Methods: A systematic review and meta-analysis according was performed using Pubmed, Embase and Cochrane library, and reported reported according to the PRISMA guidelines. The intervention reported should involve ERCP, performed by the endoscopist with a comparison of different brushing techniques. The primary outcome was sensitivity for malignancy. Studies published up to December 2022 were included. Percutaneous techniques and cytological or laboratory techniques for processing of material were excluded. Bias was assessed using the Quadas-2 tool. Pooled sensitivity rates and Forest plots were analyzed for the primary outcome.
Results: A total of 16 studies were included. Three studies reported on brushing before or after dilation of a biliary stricture. No improvement in sensitivity was found. Five studies reported on alternative brush designs. This did not lead to improved sensitivity. Seven studies reported on the aspiration and analysis of bile fluid, which resulted in a 16% increase in sensitivity (95% CI 4-29%). One study reported an increased in the number of brush passes to the stricture, providing an increase in sensitivity of 20%. Substantial heterogeneity between studies was found, both methodological and statistical.
Conclusions: Increasing the number of brush-passes and sending bile fluid for cytology increases the sensitivity of biliary brushings during ERCP. Dilation before brushing or alternative brush designs did not increase sensitivity.
Validation of the ViGaTu Immersive Virtual Reality Endoscopy Training System for Physicians and Nurses
Authors: Henniger Dorothea , Engelke Monika , Kreiser Julian , Riemer Valentin , Wierzba Eva , Dimitriadis Stavros , Meining Alexander , Seufert Tina , Ropinski Timo , Hann Alexander
Published: June 2024

Background and Aims: Endoscopy simulators are primarily designed to provide training in interventions performed during procedures. Peri-interventional tasks such as checking patient data, filling out forms for team time-out, patient monitoring, and performing sedation are often not covered. This study assesses the face, content, and construct validity of the ViGaTu (Virtual Gastro Tutor) immersive virtual reality (VR) simulator in teaching these skills.
Methods: 71 nurses and physicians were invited to take part in VR training. The participants experienced an immersive VR simulation of an endoscopy procedure, including setting up the endoscopic devices, checking sign-in and team time-out forms, placing monitoring devices, and performing sedation. The actions performed by the participants and their timing were continuously recorded. Face and content validity, as well as the System Usability Scale (SUS), were then assessed.
Results: 43 physicians and 28 nurses from 43 centers took a mean of 27.8 min (standard deviation ± 14.42 min) to complete the simulation. Seventy-five percent of the items for assessing face validity were rated as realistic, and 60% of items assessing content validity and usefulness of the simulation for different learning goals were rated as useful by the participants (four out of five on a Likert scale). The SUS score was 70, demonstrating a high degree of usability. With regard to construct validity, experienced endoscopy staff were significantly faster in setting up the endoscope tower and instruments than beginners.
Conclusions: This multicenter study presents a new type of interdisciplinary endoscopy training system featuring peri-interventional tasks and sedation in an immersive VR environment.
Endoscopic Characterization and Outcome of COVID-19 Patients with Secondary Sclerosing Cholangitis: A Case Series of a Tertiary Center
Authors: Hofstetter Pia , Zuber-Jerger Ina , Mehrl Alexander , Graf Bernhard , Lunz Dirk , Lubnow Matthias , Müller Thomas , Schmid Stephan , Müller Martina , Kandulski Arne
Published: June 2024

Background and Aims: During the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic a significant proportion of patients with severe acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) due to COVID-19 infection developed secondary sclerosing cholangitis (SSC) as a hepatobiliary complication.
Methods: 17 patients were endoscopically diagnosed and treated with COVID-19 SSC from February 2020 until October 2022 at our center. We retrospectively reviewed and analyzed the data to define risk factors, establish endoscopic treatment options, and to estimate incidence and outcomes.
Results: 258 patients with COVID-19 infection were admitted to our tertiary center and mechanically ventilated. 10 patients developed COVID-19 SSC in-house, and 7 patients were transferred for further endoscopic treatment. All 17 patients were mechanically ventilated, received vasoactive substances and 12 of them were treated with extracorporeal membrane oxygenation therapy. Endoscopic retrograde cholangiography (ERC) was performed in all patients to establish the diagnosis of COVID-19 SSC and evaluate endoscopic treatment options. All ERCs revealed biliary casts. 9 patients had developed severe rarefication of the intrahepatic bile ducts and 4 showed biliary strictures. As endoscopic treatment approaches, casts were removed repeatedly, and strictures were dilated. During the study period, 14 patients died (82%). 3 patients are in follow-up to reassess the need for liver transplantation.
Conclusions: COVID-19 SSC was observed in 2.6 % of the patients with severe COVID-19 in our center. We show that endoscopic approaches offer the opportunity to extract casts and to treat biliary strictures. As the mortality rate of COVID-19 SSC is high, endoscopic treatment can be of great clinical relevance as a bridge to liver transplantation.
Exploring the Belly of the Beast: A Systematic Review of Gastrointestinal Symptoms Following Mammoplasty Procedures
Authors: Dumitrascu Dinu Iuliu , Alhmoud Ahmad , Al Hariri Mohammad , Popa Stefan-Lucian , Al Srouji Nahlah , Ismaiel Mohamed , Tomic Mirela , Ismaiel Abdulrahman
Published: June 2024

Background and Aims: Mammoplasty, a common cosmetic procedure involving breast augmentation and reduction surgeries, has gained global popularity. Recently, attention has shifted towards understanding the prevalence and significance of gastrointestinal (GI) symptoms following mammoplasty. This systematic review aims to consolidate existing literature to provide a comprehensive overview of the type and frequency of GI problems associated with various mammoplasty procedures.
Methods: A systematic search of PubMed and Scopus databases was conducted until January 22, 2024, identifying observational and interventional studies examining GI symptoms post-mammoplasty. Inclusion criteria covered human studies, while exclusion criteria ensured specificity. Two independent investigators performed screening, and data extraction included study characteristics, surgical procedures, anesthesia methods, and interventions.
Results: Nineteen studies, involving 2,487 subjects, were included in the review. Breast reconstruction emerged as the most studied procedure, followed by breast reduction, augmentation, mastectomy, and breast cancer surgery. Predominant GI symptoms included nausea and vomiting, with varying rates across mammoplasty types. Anesthesia modality influenced symptomatology, with general, local, and combined anesthesia associated with GI disturbances. Antiemetics, notably ondansetron and droperidol, showed variable efficacy. Non-pharmacological approaches, such as preoperative hypnosis, were explored for symptom management.
Conclusions: Our systematic review reveals insights into GI symptoms post-mammoplasty, emphasizing the common occurrence of symptoms such as nausea and vomiting, alongside less frequent manifestations such as constipation, dry mouth, retching, abdominal pain, and tightness. Variations in symptom prevalence were noted across diverse mammoplasty surgeries, anesthesia methods, and the use of antiemetics, underscoring the complex nature of post-mammoplasty GI disturbances.
Helicobacter Pylori Prevalence in Communities from Southern Regions of Romania with Limited Access to Health Services: A Cross-sectional Study
Authors: Prodan Radu Florin , Pintilie Cristian Adrian , Ionete Florina Iulia , Ciocirlan Mihai
Published: June 2024

Background and Aims: Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection has an unknown prevalence in certain Romanian regions. We aimed to estimate it in communities from Southern regions of Romania with limited access to health services.
Methods: We designed a cross-sectional study to include adult voluntary participants in the “Health in the neighborhood” medical assistance program. This was offered in villages with deprived healthcare availability from Southern regions of Romania. An immunochromatographic assay for the qualitative detection of H. pylori stool antigen was used for testing.
Results: We included 708 adult voluntary participants in 10 villages, 6 from Muntenia and Oltenia Regions (Southern Romania), 2 from Dobrogea and 2 from Moldova (2.4% of all village inhabitants). H. pylori prevalence in Romanian Southern regions was 28.2%, (95%CI: 24-32.6%), and overall was 27.1%, (95%CI: 23.9-30.6%). There were no significant differences of H. pylori infection pertaining to regions distribution (p=0.711), gender ratio (p=0.779), age distribution (p=0.471) and hemoglobin value (p=0.503).
Conclusions: H. pylori prevalence in communities from Southern regions of Romania with limited access to health services was 28.2%, 95%CI: 24-32.6%.
Detecting child trafficking within the child welfare system: recommendations and best practices for screening and identification protocols in the United States
Authors: Middleton Jennifer , Edwards Emily
Published: June 2024

Child trafficking is a prevalent and serious problem across the United States. The consequences of child trafficking are extremely harmful, and when unidentified and untreated, can have lifelong negative and sometimes fatal results. The issue of unidentified child trafficking is due in part to the lack of awareness of the hidden nature of child trafficking and a lack of effective and evidence-based screening protocols in place throughout the United States.1,2 This study used a comparative analysis approach to analyze qualitative data collected by the research team in order to compare child trafficking screening and identification tools being used in 26 states across the country. Based on interviews conducted with child welfare leaders in 26 states, all but two states (92% of states interviewed) reported having screening protocols in place for identifying potential victims of trafficking. States reported utilizing task forces, work groups, advisory councils, and partnerships with University researchers to inform the selection and/or design of screening tools. Common challenges to implementing screening tools included the length of the tool, lack of inclusive language, and the lack of standardized training of reporters. Implications for selection and use of screening and identification protocols are discussed and include: the use of tools with established statistical reliability and validity, the need for a more expansive range of questions addressing risk and protective factors, indicators, and direct questions, as well as the need to implement an evidence-based, structured decision-making protocol.
Intelligent police selection: importance of select qualities of recruits as valued by police heads of several states and Caribbean islands
Authors: Ed D Richard H Martin
Published: June 2024

The article compares selected police attribute importance levels chosen by police chiefs of six southern states (Alabama, Georgia, Florida, the Carolinas, and Texas) and five Midwestern states(Illinois, Iowa, Indiana, Ohio, Nebraska) and commissioners of the Caribbean Islands. Two separate areas are considered, these are preparation for the training and effective permanent careers. The preferred traits and skills (attributes) chiefs and commissioners believe lead to recruits’ success in selection, training, and long-term career in policing that are also good for the community. Intelligent selection methodologies can generally predict candidates’ success. Predictive success in training includes three general types of training: basic, in service, and specialized. These skills and trait (attributes) are helpful in determining candidates’ success during assessments and beyond. The intent of the 12 separate surveys was to determine how important chiefs thought these skills and traits (attributes) were toward success rates of recruits in training and policing. The police chiefs in Midwest and southern states and Caribbean commissioners believe these attributes expand the success rates towards long police career. This article compares importance levels of 11 attributes in 12 replicated surveys of state police chiefs’ and Caribbean Commissioners importance of preferred recruit skills and traits. police training, police skills and traits, police attributes, police selection, selection assessment, intelligent selection, predictive selection Intelligent Police Selection: Importance of Select Qualities of Recruits as Valued by Police Heads of Several States and Caribbean Islands.
Video assisted thoracoscopic surgery (VATS) in trauma: role of the emergency surgeon and surgical technique- narrative review
Authors: Parada Dr. Ulises , Toscano Leonardo , Bado Joaquín , Merino Gimena , Elicegui Valentina , Guillen Alison , Cubas Santiago , Terra Daniel , Machado Fernando
Published: July 2024

Trauma consultations are frequent at the emergency departments of hospital centers. Emergency physicians and general or trauma surgeons are the first to provide assistance in the hospital setting. Making an accurate diagnosis and timely and appropriate treatment is the basis for saving patients' lives and reducing the incidence of complications. This is why we think that the general surgeon must have in his diagnostic and therapeutic arsenal the expertise to perform Video Assisted Thoracoscopic Surgery (VATS), which has its own indication that aims at safe and quality care. The objective is to establish the scope of VATS, review the indications for the procedure, and provide practical steps for the implementation of the technique by general surgeons.
Cardiac tamponade as the first manifestation of lung cancer
Authors: García Guiomar Hernández
Published: June 2024

Background: The incidence of metastatic disease in the myocardium and/or pericardium ranges from less than 1 percent to 18 percent of all cancer patients and varies depending on the type of malignancy. The signet ring cell pattern corresponds to an aggressive behavior of the neoplasia, with a 5-year survival of 50%. Case presentation: A 47-year-old woman, a smoker of 20 hashish cigarettes a day since she was 22, who attended the emergency department with a 48-hour history of diffuse abdominal pain with dyspneic sensation and coughing spells without expectoration. A posteroanterior chest radiograph showed a greatly increased cardiothoracic index. The echocardiogram reported the presence of a large pericardial effusion, with a 4-centimeter separation of both pericardial sheets with diastolic collapse of the right atrium and right ventricle. Given the clinical picture of the patient, admission to the Intensive Care Unit was decided, where pericardiocentesis was performed, extracting 2 liters of blood fluid with a hematocrit of 50%. After 48 hours of monitoring, the patient was admitted to Internal Medicine. Conclusions: We present a patient with a cardiac tamponade whose cytology revealed adenocarcinoma with a signet ring cell pattern without being able to define the origin of the neoplasm.
School teacher as mediator
Authors: Katamadze Davit , Beridze Ketevan , Ketchakmadze Rusudan , Meskhidze Shorena
Published: June 2024

Mediation is an effective form of conflict resolution through a constructive, systematic process that focuses on the interests of the parties involved. The purpose of this article is to define the role of mediation in an educational institution (school) and to highlight its importance in the activities of the school teacher. In particular, we talk about the basic principles of the mediation process, which lead to the ethical, consistent course of the process and the final success - finding a way to resolve the conflict that is optimal for all parties. The article also discusses the circumstances that require the teacher to act as a mediator and the mediation models that the teacher can use depending on the current situation. This article describes the stages that the mediation process involves in educational institutions and emphasizes the need to work on the normalization of relationships after post-conflict stress.
Criticality of fuel-containing materials in the “Shelter” object
Authors: Borysenko V.I. ,   Institute for Safety Problems of Nuclear Power Plants, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine, Goranchuk V.V. , Khvalin D.I.
Published: July 2024

The article presents the results of the analysis of the validity of simplifications and assumptions accepted by researchers in the models of neutron-physical characteristics of fuel-containing materials (FCM) in the "Shelter" object (SO). The analysis and substantiation of the FCM nuclear safety will be one of the important issues during the SO operation for a long time, until the moment of retrieval and disposal of nuclear materials from the ChNPP Unit 4 destroyed in 1986. A significant number of nuclear materials in the SO are uncontrolled, and the geometry of their location is also little known. Therefore, the use of traditional methods of nuclear safety analysis to determine the conditions for reaching criticality in the volume of FCM can lead to significant uncertainties, depending on the assumptions and simplifications made in FCM models. In contrast to traditional nuclear facilities with design characteristics and control systems, there is no possibility to deterministically influence the FCM, and accordingly to determine their dynamic characteristics in the SO. In such conditions, it is necessary to take a responsible approach to obtain and interpret the values of FCM parameters by control systems of the SO. For example, in 1990, one of the neutron flux detectors recorded an abnormal change in the neutron pulse count rate for about 100 hours. This event is often called a “neutron incident”, and it formed the basis of some models, in which the possibility of reaching criticality in one of the FCM clusters is assumed. The article presents the results of the study on the physical possibility of the anomalous event in 1990, as well as the results of the analysis of simplifications and assumptions made in models of FCM criticality. An important result of the conducted research is the justification of the need to include in the FCM criticality model the effects of reactivity on fuel and water temperature, as well as to take into account delayed neutrons.
Properties of original and irradiated phosphide-gallium LEDs
Authors: Chumak M.Ye. , Lytovchenko P.G. , Petrenko I.V. , Stratilat D.P. , Tartachnyk V.P.
Published: July 2024

Spectral features of the original and irradiated with electrons with E = 2 MeV GaP light emitting diodes (LEDs) were studied. Recombination lines of the exciton bound on the N isoelectronic center and on the pair complexes NN1 were detected. The change in the spectral composition of radiation when passing through a section of negative differential resistance is analyzed. Dose dependences of luminescence intensity were obtained for green GaP(N) and red GaP(Zn-O) LEDs. The maximum critical radiation dose was established, after which the LEDs lost their characteristic exciton emission mechanism. The results of the annealing of irradiated LEDs are given.
Assessment of Groundwater Quality Index (GWQI) of Taraka Watershed, H D Kote Taluk, Mysuru District, Karnataka, India
Authors: Basavaraju Basavaraju , Nagaraju Doddaiah , Rajshekar Sudeep Sosle
Published: June 2024

The preliminary hydrogeochemical studies in Taraka watershed area assess the groundwater quality index. Groundwater samples from 30 bore wells of hard rock areas of Taraka watershed were collected pre and post monsoon seasons and chemical analysis. It is found that, in general most of the chemical constituents are within the maximum permissible limits of WHO standards for drinking water and Indian drinking water standards. The present study represents an evaluation of the groundwater’s suitability for drinking and identification of the quality which place a high priority on this factor. In order to assess the subsurface water in the Fourteen (14) distinct physiochemical parameters were examined. Values were compared to BIS. Groundwater Quality Index (GWQI) is a composite indicator of water quality. The fourteens parameter is followed by PH Electrical Conductivity (EC), Total Hardness (TH), Total Dissolved Salt (TDS), Calcium (Ca), Magnesium (Mg), Sodium (Na), Potassium (K), Nitrate (No3), Chloride (Cl), Bicarbonate (HCO3), Sulfate (So4), Fluoride (F). The results were then analyzed using WATCHIT (Water Chemistry interpretive Techniques). However, analytical results show that in its purest state, water has a neutral pH of 7, which shows the amount of hydrogen ions present. The pH range for drinking water should be 6.5 to 8.5 (BIS, 2012). The groundwater of the hard rock terrain has electrical conductivity ranging from pre and post monsoon 173 μs/cm to 1622 μs/cm and 192 μs/cm to 1050 μs/cm. The GWQI assesses different parameters that can be rapidly and simply communicated to its intended audience. One of the best methods for determining if groundwater is suitable for drinking is the Water Quality Index (WQI). According to the recovered elements, geology, agriculture, precipitation, domestic wastewater, and industrial effluents all had a part in the sources exceeding the allowable limit. The investigation’s findings showed that some groundwater samples had deficient water quality, showing that the region is known for rock weathering and salt draining from the bedrock into the water supplies, posing a serious threat to the ecology. The river beds and rural water supplies have either dried up or become useless due to quality deterioration.
Morphometric Analysis of Relief as a Structural-Genetic Element of Landscape in the Karabakh Volcanic Plateau Physical-Geographical Region (Using GIS Technology)
Authors: Mammadova Flora V.
Published: June 2024

This article is dedicated to the analysis of morphometric elements (slope, aspect, horizontal and vertical fragmentation values) of the relief of the Karabakh Volcanic Plateau as one of the structural-genetic elements of the landscape. For the first time in the research, the DEM (Digital Elevation Model) analysis of morphometric parameters was conducted using the Spatial Analyst-Surface and Spatial Analyst-Hydrology tools of the ArcGIS software for the physical-geographical region. The reliability of the global DEM data resulting from the Shuttle Radar Topographic Mission (SRTM) research is 90%, with an approximate resolution accuracy of 20 meters (even higher in mountainous areas), and a vertical error of less than 16 meters. According to the elevations where landscape types are distributed, four hypsometric zones have been distinguished, and morphometric maps for each elevation level have been prepared separately. Morphometric analyses conducted on landscape complexes are based on the 1:600,000 scale landscape map of the Republic of Azerbaijan, implemented using the relevant tools of the ArcGIS package. Investigation of the area using GIS technologies showed that this method provides extensive opportunities for precise, fast, and safe study, comparative analysis, synthesis of morphometric parameters, and prediction of upcoming changes. Based on the analysis of the research area’s terrain in the GIS environment, it was determined that there is a close relationship between morphometric indicators and landscape structure. Various relief forms disrupt the overall structure of elevation zonality by creating internal differentiation within the landscape. In mountainous areas where the slope is steep, horizontal fragmentation is weak to moderate, and vertical fragmentation is observed to be intensive to moderate. On the less sloped areas of the volcanic plateau, both types of fragmentation are lower. The highest values of slope, horizontal, and vertical fragmentation are observed in forest complexes and subalpine meadows, while the lowest values are observed in alpine meadows. The exposure of slopes in the area leads to the formation of landscape asymmetry and creates differences in the spread of vegetation cover. The most economically significant landscapes in the area are alpine-subalpine meadows, which serve as pasture lands. Morphometric indicators should be taken into account to protect the productivity of pastures, and to prevent the occurrence and strengthening of erosion.
Humanización, sensibilidad ética y toma de decisión del personal de salud en UCI
Authors: Sánchez–Alfaro Luis Alberto , Carmona González Yolima de Jesús , Corredor Silva Liced Yurany , Ramírez Ortíz Jeniffer Carolina , Boscán Barrera Rita Del Carmen
Published: July 2024

Objetivo: interpretar la relación entre humanización y sensibilidad ética con la toma de decisiones del personal de la salud que labora en unidades de cuidado intensivo (UCI) en Bogotá y Cartagena.
Materiales y método: estudio cualitativo de tipo comprensivo. Se emplearon tres herramientas de recolección de información: entrevista semiestructurada en línea, análisis de caso y la diada observación participante-diario de campo.  Inicialmente, se realizó codificación, categorización, disposición y agrupamiento de datos (análisis categorial deductivo); luego, análisis del discurso y hermenéutica de ideas, identificando dos categorías emergentes (análisis categorial inductivo): Rostros en la UCI y Cultivo del profesionalismo.
Resultados: Rostros en la UCI evidencia que, como territorio, en estas unidades interactúan subjetividades, roles y expectativas encarnadas por quienes las habitan. Cultivo del profesionalismo, como rasgo de carácter, se expresa mediante la práctica de virtudes y se perfecciona a partir de experiencias profesionales y personales.
Conclusiones: la relación entre humanización y sensibilidad ética con la toma de decisiones en UCI está mediada por varios factores entre el personal de salud que trabaja en estas unidades, como el rol, la jerarquía, el sexo, el cansancio y la angustia moral. El cultivo del profesionalismo ocurre a partir de las experiencias personales y profesionales en UCI que permiten objetivar la experiencia de atención y generan alguna reflexión que impulsa el cultivo de virtudes como la compasión. La humanización, la sensibilidad ética y la toma de decisiones se expresan de manera desigual entre los profesionales de la  salud, lo cual se explica principalmente por la jerarquía dentro del equipo de UCI, la proximidad con el paciente y los vínculos establecidos.
The impact of nanotechnology in achieving sustainable design
Authors: Ahmed Mohamed Saied , Aboelmaged Kalefa Henar , Sameh Hussein Hisham
Published: July 2024

In light of the current energy crisis affecting the world, as it constitutes a great economic burden, and with the increase in consumption of natural environment resources, the environment has been negatively affected, which has had a negative impact on human health. Therefore, the problem is summarized in how to achieve environmental sustainability in architecture using nanotechnology. The research used the descriptive analytical approach: the theoretical study presents the concept of sustainability, sustainable design, nanotechnology, nanomaterials, applications of nanotechnology in the field of architecture. An analytical study of one of the existing administrative buildings that achieved sustainability without the use of nanomaterials. Practical study: an applied experiment for one of the thermal insulation nanomaterials, based on the study and attempts to reach accurate results. The practical experience has proven good results in achieving thermal insulation and access to thermal comfort in case of use of nanomaterials in buildings.
Dashboard for assessing patient flow management in hospital institutions
Authors: Sánchez-Suárez Yasniel , Sánchez-Castillo Verenice , Gómez-Cano Carlos Alberto
Published: July 2024

Proactive control of hospital processes has a significant influence on patient performance and satisfaction. The objective of the research is to develop a dashboard for the evaluation of patient flow management in hospital institutions. Based on a descriptive quantitative study, a procedure is proposed for the development of a dashboard for the evaluation of patient flow management in hospital institutions, structured in five stages and nine steps, including procedures for the identification of key variables and aggregation of indicators. A dashboard was developed for the General Surgery service of a Clinical Surgical Teaching Hospital, which is composed of 18 indicators, six synthetic indexes and one comprehensive indicator. Among the positive implications for healthcare managers is the possibility of monitoring and comparing strategies with a process vision between different departments in support of proactive and strategic decision making in order to improve hospital performance.
Assessment of the extent of soil degradation over different land uses in the Kebbi area, northwestern Nigeria
Authors: Aminu Zuni , Ibrahim Ishiaku , Aminu Haruna Gattah , Garba Yauri Safyanu
Published: July 2024

This paper assessed soil degradation over land use in the Kebbi area, Northwestern Nigeria. The specific objectives entailed identifying major forms of soil loss in the study area, estimating soil loss, and examining the responses of soil physico-chemical properties over dominant land use types. Slope angles were determined using a GPS, a handheld Abney level, ranging poles, and a 30 m measuring tape while gully depths, widths, and lengths were taken at 5 m-30 m intervals. Key soil physico-chemical parameters were determined using standard procedures. Descriptive statistics such as mean, standard deviation, and coefficient of variation were used to summarize the data generated from the study. The analysis of variance and the student’s t-test were used to test for significant association between and within pairs of land uses. The results show that slopes range from 4⁰ - 16⁰, while the magnitude of soil loss ranged between 3580.32 m3 in K1 (Kalgo 1), 3550.89 m3 in G2 (Goru 2) and 161.01 m3 in A1 (Angwar Daji 1). Results show significance at p≤ 0.05 in bulk density values over the different land uses, with the highest bulk density value of 1.78 g/cm3 in badland and the lowest value of 1.35 g/cm3 in plantation land use. Total nitrogen ranges between 0.01 – 0.38%, with the lowest values in badland and scrubland, while soil base saturation is highest over plantation (76.3%) and lowest in badland (50.4%). The study concludes that the dominant geomorphic responses identified in the study area are gully initiation and development and varying amounts of soil degradation over the different land uses. The findings should facilitate policy initiation to rehabilitate degraded lands and adopt sustainable soil management practices like tree planting while linking geomorphological information to infrastructural planning and development.
Exploring the Potential of the Google Earth Engine (GEE) Platform for Analysing Forest Disturbance Patterns with Big Data
Authors: Çinar Tunahan , Aydin Abdurrahim
Published: July 2024

Climate change has led to various adverse consequences, with natural disasters being one of the most striking outcomes. Natural disasters negatively impact life, causing significant disruptions to the ecosystem. Prompt identification of affected areas and initiation of the rehabilitation process are imperative to address the disturbances in the ecosystem. Satellite imagery is employed for the rapid and cost-effective detection of damages caused by natural disasters. In this conducted study, the outputs of climate change wildfire, forest change detection, and drought analysis, have been examined, all of which worsens the impacts on the ecosystem. The analysis of drought involved using MODIS data, while Sentinel-2A satellite images were utilized to identify wildfire areas and changes in forested regions caused by windthrow. The research focused on Ganja, Azerbaijan, as the area for drought analysis. The driest June between 2005 and 2018 was assessed using the Vegetation Condition Index (VCI) in conjunction with data from the National Centers for Environmental Information (NOAA). At the Düzce Tatlıdere Forest Management Directorate, the Normalized Difference Red Edge Index (NDRE) was utilized between the years 2018 and 2019 to detect the changes occurring in forested areas due to windthrow. The NDRE synthetic band was added to satellite images for the years 2018 and 2019, and a Random Forest (RF) algorithm was employed to classify the data. The classification results were evaluated using Total Accuracy and Kappa statistics. The study includes the detection of the Normalized Burn Ratio (NBR) applied to determine the extent of the wildfire that occurred in the Solquca village of the Qabala region in Azerbaijan in 2021. According to the analysis of the VCI and NOAA, June 2014 was identified as the driest month in Ganja. In the Tatlıdere region, the analysis indicated that 4.22 hectares experienced reforestation, while 24 hectares experienced deforestation. The NBR analysis has revealed that ~1007 hectares of land were burned in the Solquca village of Qabala. The analyses conducted provide information regarding the use of satellite imagery in relation to changes in forest areas due to drought, wildfire, and windthrow.
Sensitivity Analysis and GIS Tools for Groundwater Vulnerability Assessment. (Application in the Middle Chellif Plain, Algeria)
Authors: Nadjai Saci , Khammar Hichem , Boulebaiz Mahreez , Nabed Abdelkader Nadir , Benaabidate Lahcen
Published: July 2024

Contamination due to rapid urban development, industrialization, and agricultural sources is increasingly threatening the groundwater resources of the plioquaternary phreatic aquifer of the Middle Western Cheliff. An intrinsic vulnerability assessment was carried out based on the DRASTIC method on parameters involved in the vertical transfer of pollution from the soil surface. The vulnerability maps obtained showed a high extension of areas of medium vulnerability (54%). On the other hand, areas of low vulnerability occupied about 36%. The high and very high vulnerability was mainly related to low water depth values (8% and 2%, respectively).  The results of a sensitivity analysis using the two tests—the single parameter sensitivity analysis and the map removal sensitivity analysis—show that every parameter is, without fail, required for the computation of the vulnerability index. The validation of the vulnerability map produced by the DRASTIC method confirmed the evolution of this sensitivity which decreases towards the S.W. of the plain with nitrate concentrations between 30 and 120 mg/L. Planners can use the produced risk maps as tools to make a preliminary choice of priority locations for various forms of environmental sustainability.
Analytic Hierarchy Process-Fuzzy Comprehensive Evaluation Method-based Depletion Assessment Study of Xinshan Iron Ore Mine
Authors: Sun Chentao , Hou Kepeng , Wang Shining , Qian Shanguang
Published: July 2024

Taking the Xinshan iron ore mine as an example, this paper, based on collecting and analyzing the actual production data and similar simulation test data of this iron ore mine, analyses various factors affecting ore depletion by bottomless column segmental chipping method by using hierarchical analysis method (AHP) and fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method (FCE), and establishes an evaluation system for comprehensively assessing the depletion of the ores. The results show that structural parameters, blasting parameters, loading parameters, and geological conditions are the main factors affecting ore depletion. The structural parameters are the most important factors, accounting for 35%. With the increase of the released amount, the released grade gradually decreases, the depletion rate gradually increases, and the comprehensive evaluation value gradually decreases. The released body is an approximate ellipsoidal block with a wide upper and narrower lower part. The end wall plays an obstructive role in the flow of the bulk body, which makes the end of the released grade higher and the middle of the released body higher. At the same time, due to the influence of blasting and shovel loading, the particles in the release body show some sorting phenomena. This paper provides a scientific basis and reference for predicting and controlling ore depletion in the bottomless column segmental chipping method.
Turismo, ambiente y Agenda 2030 en Costa Rica
Authors: Fernanda Vega Solano María , Sánchez Picado Yendry
Published: July 2024

Costa Rica ha sido vanguardista en la protección del ambiente, aprovechando dicho recurso, el turismo que se ofrece en el país es mayormente de naturaleza y se ha visto beneficiado por la creación de las áreas silvestres protegidas; por tanto, se pretende determinar si se están creando las acciones suficientes para la preservación de los ecosistemas y, de esta, forma contribuir al cumplimiento de la Agenda 2030 a la cual se comprometió el país en 2015. Para tales efectos se utiliza una metodología descriptiva de carácter cuantitativo, donde se evidencian los beneficios del sector, por ejemplo, la paridad a nivel de empleo entre hombres y mujeres y la cantidad de microempresas vinculadas. Pero, por otra parte, se evidencia resistencia o incapacidad de las firmas para gestionar información relacionada a la sostenibilidad, además, pese a las políticas creadas persisten situaciones que atentan contra los ecosistemas y ponen en riesgo la continuidad del turismo. Se concluye que el cuido de los ecosistemas es una responsabilidad de todos los residentes en el país y es necesario crear alianzas estratégicas para la preservación de estos y la mejora colectiva.