bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Anthraquinone-a review of the rise and fall of a pulping catalyst
Authors: HART PETER W. , RUDIE ALAN W.
Published: October 2019

The application of anthraquinone (AQ) as a pulping catalyst has been well documented in scientific studies and mill applications. AQ is known to increase the rate of delignification, enabling a reduction in pulping time, temperature, or chemical charge and an increase in pulp yield. This review does not focus extensively on specific details of AQ use but rather on critical milestones in the AQ process lifecycle, including its initial introduction, investigation of the reaction mechanism, and evaluation of best use by the pulping industry. The importance and difficulty of an economic justification for use of AQ are discussed, including their complication by modest improvement in yield obtained using AQ and low cost of the displaced chemicals. In many mills, documenting increased net mill revenue resulting from the use of AQ has been impossible. Recent health and safety studies and regulatory decisions have put the continuing use of AQ by industry in jeopardy. Given the unknown health risks, international regulatory environment, modest improvements available using AQ, and difficulty in economically accounting for the benefits, this likely represents the final chapter in the AQ life cycle.
Could biomass-fueled boilers be operated at higher steam temperatures? Part 1: Laboratory evaluation of candidate superheater alloys
Authors: SINGBEIL DOUGLAS L. , FREDERICK LAURIE , KEISER JAMES R. , SHARP W.B.A. SANDY
Published: October 2019

A laboratory-based program was designed to evaluate candidate alloys for superheaters operating at temperatures substantially higher than currently used in practice for biomass and chemical recovery boilers. However, the data is also applicable to superheaters operating in very corrosive conditions at lower temperatures. Alloys are ranked according to their performance in simulated environments.
Changes in Total Polyphenol Content and Antioxidant Capacity of Stinging Nettle (Urtica dioica L.) from Spring to Autumn
Authors: Kőszegi Kornélia , Békássy-Molnár Erika , Koczka Noémi , Kerner Tímea , Stefanovits-Bányai Éva
Published: October 2019

Total polyphenol content and antioxidant/reducing capacity of stinging nettle (Urtica dioica L.) leaves and roots collected from wild-grown plants were investigated during the vegetation period. From both fresh and dried samples of leaves and roots, water extracts were prepared by brewing at 60, 80 and 100 °C for 3 hours, and ethanolic extracts of 20 % (v/v) and 70 % (v/v) by extracting at room temperature for 72 hours. The total polyphenol content was determined spectrophotometrically with Folin-Cioceltau reagent and the antioxidant capacity was measured by ferric reducing ability of plasma (FRAP) assay. Our results showed that the optimal harvest time is in the spring (April). Water extracts had the highest total polyphenol content and antioxidant capacity in this period. The amount of valuable compounds released increased by higher extraction temperature in both plant parts. In water extracts of nettle leaves, two times higher polyphenol content was obtained than in that of roots. Both kind of ethanolic extractions resulted in a higher polyphenol content in the leaves harvested in the spring period. For the roots, it was higher for samples collected in the autumn, which is also reflected in the values of antioxidant capacity. Water extracts of fresh leaves harvested in April had more than twice higher total polyphenol content than in October. For dried samples, raising the temperature did not cause a significant change in the total polyphenol content, however, it has resulted in increased antioxidant capacity both for the dried leaf and root samples.
Microfluidics – Organ-on-chip
Authors: Lungu Iulia Ioana , Grumezescu Alexandru Mihai
Published: October 2019

This review is an introduction into the world of organ-on-chip models. By briefly explaining the concept of microfluidics and ‘lab-on-chip’, the main focus is on organs-on-chip and body-on-a-chip. The usual method to test the toxicity of a drug is through animal testing. However, the results do not always correlate to humans. In order to avoid animal testing, but also attain useful results, human-derived cell cultures using microfluidics have gained attention. Among all the different types of organ-on-chip devices, this review focuses on three distinct organs: heart, skin and liver. The main requirements for each organ-on-chip, as well as recent researches are presented. There have been considerable advancements with organ-on-chip models; however, even these have their limitations. Due to the fact that the system mimics a single organ, the systemic effect of drugs cannot be fully tested. Therefore, body-on-a-chip systems have been developed; which basically are a composed of a single chip that has several chambers, each chamber accounting for a distinct organ. Multi-organ-on-chip systems have been investigated, and even commercialized, the field still being under extensive research.
Seton in Treating ComplexAnorectal Fistula-Our Experience
Authors: Sheikh Md Shahadot Hossain , Siddique Md Ibrahim , Jalal Mohammed Tanvir , Islam Md Saifull , Islam KM Saiful , Tasnim Nasim E , Ahmed Tania , Lima Ismat Jahan , Jahan Ismat
Published: October 2019

Background : Complex anorectal fistula may be endowed by the level at which the primary tract crosses the sphincters, the presence of secondary extensions or the difficulties faced in the treatment. Existing different treatment modalities like local advancement flap, LIFT procedure, fistulotomy and use of seton. Surgeons are afraid of incontinence in treating complex anorectal fistula. The aim of treatment of anal fistula is to cure the disease avoiding faecal incontinence. Among different procedures, Seton, a thread of foreign material, passed through the fistulous track and encircling sphincter mass thereby severing the muscle gradually without allowing it to spring apart and replacing the cut by the line of fibrosis thus avoiding incontinence, is an acceptable method practiced world wide. The purpose of the study is to evaluate and share our experience with others about the result of using seton in the treatment of complex anal fistula in our setting.

Method: Between January 2003 and December 2008, I have taken the 1st 100 patients underwent surgery for complex anal fistula in Colorectal Surgery Unit of Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medial University, Dhaka. It involved initial identification and partial laying open of the fistulous tract. A tight seton is placed around the external sphincter and is not removed until the internal orifice has migrated towards the perianal skin.

Results: Out of 100 patients with mean age 43 years (range 19-65 years) 6 female and rest male underwent the procedure of seton. The median follow-up was 28.6 (24-36) months. The mean time of wound healing was 9.5 weeks (range 6-15). Recurrence occurred in two patient (2%). Continence disorders of flatus and loose stool were noted in 14 patients (14%). The duration with the seton in place was 56 days (range 20-190).

Conclusion: The technique shows excellent results in the treatment of complex anal fistulous with preservation of faecal continence.

Journal of Surgical Sciences (2013) Vol. 17 (1) : 14-17
Microbiology of Incisional Surgical Site Infection
Authors: Majumder Krisna Rani , Mubin Samia , Siddique Md Ibrahim , Elahi M Nur E
Published: October 2019

Background: Bacteria responsible for causing lncisional Surgical Site Infection (ISSI) along with their resistance pattern changes over time due to various factors and are a matter of regular scrutiny. Proper understanding of this will help both surgeon and microbiologist to formulate an effective guideline to combat overall SSI.

Objectives: To evaluate responsible microorganisms and their resistance pattern causing ISSI following elective gastrointestinal surgery in our perspective. Methods: Prospective data were collected on 1122 surgical patients admitted in the surgery department in BSMMU from January 201 O to June 2012 having elective gastrointestinal surgery. Patients operated were followed in the post operative period till discharge and if any ISSI noted, swab from the site of infection was sent for culture and sensitivity reporting using standard bacteriological techniques. Antibiotics were given accordingly.

Results: In this series 1122 wounds were studied of which183(16.31%) cases had ISSI.Wound infection rates, according to clinical wound types were 10.45%, 14.49%, 49% for clean-contaminated,contaminated and dirty wounds respectively. The figures of ISSI according to SSI types were 76.77% for Superficial SSI and 26.23% for Deep SSI.The figures of ISSI according to SSI types were 76.77% for Superficial SSI and 26.23% for Deep SSI. Causative microorganisms were revealed in 74.87% positive cultures. 5.8% wounds had polymicrobial etiology. The common causative organisms were Escherichia coli 55.5%,Staphylococcus aureus 22.6%, Pseudomonas spp. 9.5% and Klebsiella spp. 6.6%.AII were 100% sensitive to Meropenem. Next to this Escherichia coli and Klebsiellaspp. were mostly sensitive to Ceftriaxone 62.5% and 100% respectively, Staphylococcus aureus to Doxicycline 75% and Pseudomonas spp. to Ceftazidime 93.7%. Comparison with previously done national and international studies revealed alarming increase in resistance pattern of causative bacterial isolates.

Conclusion: To date no national or in house SSI prevention policy or surveillance guideline exists. Lack of our attention in this issue along with inept, irrational use of antibiotics is definitely adding causative organisms to gain increasing resistance pattern. Before surgical care centers are overwhelmed with SSls by resistant organisms caution must be taken from all level.

Journal of Surgical Sciences (2013) Vol. 17 (1) : 18-24
Application of Fuzzy Logic in Making Automatic Labeling Stamping
Authors: Putra Ondra Eka
Published: October 2019

This research was conducted to create a labeling system on cardboard boxes with automatic stamping. Labeling is done based on height and weight of the cardboard so that stamping will be done according to the size and weight of the cardboard. The height of the cardboard is detected using an ultrasonic sensor and the weight of the cardboard is detected using a load cell sensor, and a stepper motor to move the cardboard label stamping. This research is based on artificial intelligence using mamdani method with fuzzy logic, so that all data can be processed properly. The height of the cardboard detected by the ultrasonic sensor is given a distance value of 10 cm to 45 cm with a value of rendah, sedang and tinggi. Cardboard weight detected by load cell sensor is given a weight value of 500 gr up to 1,500 gr with ringan,  sedang  and berat values. Stamping labels are driven by stepper motors which are given time values ​​of 5 s to 15 s with time values ​​of  sebentar, sedang, and lama After the ultrasonic sensor and the load cell detect the cardboard box, the conveyor belt moves to run the cardboard box by the power window motor, then if the cardboard box passes through the proximity sensor, the conveyor belt stops and the stepper motor moves to stamping the cardboard label box automatically. The label stamping system is controlled by using the Arduino Mega 2560 to work well.
Análise bibliométrica e bibliográfica sobre técnicas de tratamento/recuperação de óleo cru de resíduos sólidos produzidos na cadeia produtiva do petróleo
Authors: Dornelas Vitória Felício , Lima Pamela Rossoni , Meneguelo Adriana , Araújo Jesuína Cássia Cássia Santiago de , Meneguelo Ana Paula
Published: October 2019

Em decorrência da intensa atividade de exploração e produção, a cadeia produtiva da indústria de petróleo tem sido responsável pela geração de grande parte de resíduos sólidos produzidos no mundo. Dentre estes resíduos, a borra oleosa (BO) encontra-se em lugar de destaque, visto que é produzida em quase todas as etapas de produção e refino do petróleo. Devido à elevada toxicidade destes materiais, o descarte inadequado é considerado um risco ao meio ambiente. Assim, o desenvolvimento de tecnologias capazes de recuperar o óleo presente na borra tem sido objeto de diversos estudos. Diante disso, este trabalho teve como objetivo investigar a produção científica relacionada ao tratamento/recuperação do óleo da borra de petróleo por meio da utilização de métodos de pirólise, extração por solvente e irradiação por micro-ondas. A análise dos resultados revelou que a China é o país que apresenta maior número de publicações a respeito das técnicas de tratamento de BO. Este fato pode estar relacionado ao volume significativo de BO gerada anualmente na China, tendo atingido 5 milhões de toneladas em 2018. Apesar de não haver uma tecnologia industrial pré-estabelecida para tratamento/recuperação de BO, os trabalhos publicados apontam a pirólise como rota eficiente, principalmente quando associada com o emprego de catalisadores (pirólise catalítica). A técnica de irradiação por micro-ondas também é destacada nos trabalhos como aliada da pirólise. Com o emprego conjunto foi possível obter melhores resultados de recuperação de óleo da BO em menores temperaturas. Já a técnica de extração por solvente apresentou a vantagem de se trabalhar em condições amenas de temperatura (25 oC a 80 oC), utilizando solventes como n-hexano, ciclohexano, xileno, tolueno, triclorometano, metiletilcetona, condensado de gás liquefeito de petróleo e Na-AES. Embora a técnica se mostre eficiente na remoção de óleo da borra, não é possível recuperar 100% do solvente no final do processo de extração. Isto tem sido apontado como uma desvantagem desta rota. De forma geral, observou-se que a heterogeneidade da BO é um dos fatores que dificulta tratamento/recuperação do óleo. O setor da cadeia produtiva de petróleo de onde a borra é extraída, bem como a sua manipulação e forma de condicionamento são fatores que poderão interferir em seu tratamento. Logo, a escolha de uma das rotas aqui apresentadas, bem como as condições operacionais a serem utilizadas estará condicionada não somente ao custo/benefício do processo como também às características intrínsecas e de armazenamento da borra.
Análise de processos para gestão de pequenas obras: estudo de caso em um escritório de arquitetura
Authors: Almeida Marcelo Vasconcelos de , Santos Robson de Souza , Silva Marcos Meurer da
Published: October 2019

Devido à alta concorrência no cenário da construção civil, se faz necessário o emprego de ferramentas que auxiliem a otimização da produção, realizando planejamento e controle da obra, que visa reduzir os desperdícios e custos dos empreendimentos. Além do mais, o setor da construção civil apresenta altos índices de atrasos, ausência de controles de qualidade e grande índice de desperdícios de materiais. Por sua vez, existe a necessidade de tornar os colaboradores auto gerenciáveis, como por exemplo o mestre de obras, permitindo o mesmo tomar decisões e ser autônomo. Assim, esse artigo tem como objetivo analisar os princípios do Lean Construction em um canteiro de obras a partir do mapeamento dos processos de uma obra de pequeno porte, a fim de propor melhorias do sistema construtivo. Para tanto foi realizado um estudo de caso, sendo que as informações foram obtidas a partir do acompanhamento da execução das obras, mapeamento do processo atual e posterior análise e proposição de um estado futuro. Foram propostos novos fluxos de processos visando a redução de desperdícios a partir dos princípios do LC. Dessa forma apresentou-se um modelo de referência a ser seguido pela empresa em futuras obras com procedimentos padronizados de gestão, sendo que tal modelo pode ser utilizado também por outras empresas ou adaptado a realidade das mesmas.
As cotas raciais como política de ação afirmativa para a equidade de acesso ao ensino superior
Authors: Farias Selma Ribeiro de
Published: October 2019

O Objetivo do presente estudo é analisar o impacto das cotas raciais como ações afirmativas para o acesso da população negra ao ensino superior. Trata-se de um artigo de análise, e para atender ao objetivo fez-se necessário tecer breves conceitos acerca da desigualdade racial no Brasil; entender conceitualmente ações afirmativas e as cotas raciais; examinar sua sustentação legal. É um estudo bibliográfico e qualitativo que partiu da premissa da luta de classes instituída na sociedade ao longo da história, bem como da desigualdade racial e violência contra negros no Brasil. O estudo constatou que o sistema de cotas representou um divisor de águas quanto a democratização do acesso da população negra ao Ensino Superior, ainda que com argumentações contrárias e alegações de que as cotas discriminam e incutem a ideia de que os negros seriam incompetentes. Constatou também o número elevado de alunos que se evadem da Universidade, e a urgência de políticas de ações afirmativas que visem a permanência desses alunos nas Universidades.
Coordenação pedagógica: caminhando junto com a diversidade
Authors: Arrais Iany Renata
Published: October 2019

Este trabalho tem como objetivo relatar a experiência vivenciada durante o estágio extracurricular, em atividades na Coordenação Pedagógica, realizado numa instituição pública de ensino, da cidade de Natal/RN, com estudantes surdos do Ensino Médio. Caracteriza-se como um estudo descritivo, entre março de 2018 até o fim do primeiro semestre de 2019. Para a comunicação com os alunos surdos foi utilizada a Língua Brasileira de Sinais - LIBRAS, reconhecida como a segunda língua oficial do Brasil pela lei Nº 10.436, de 24 de abril de 2002. Estudos envolvendo deficiências sensoriais podem indicar de forma mais clara as necessidades de aprendizagem e o uso de recursos ou suportes necessários ao atendimento aos alunos surdos. Dessa forma, entende-se que por mais que seja perceptível a necessidade de outras ações para uma aprendizagem significativa desses sujeitos, observa-se que há um despreparo na formação inicial/continuada daqueles que compõem a instituição de ensino (desde as pessoas que trabalham na portaria até os professores), no que se refere à procura por soluções emergenciais, após essa nova demanda instalada na escola. As atividades desenvolvidas no estágio contribuíram para a construção e o aprimoramento do meu olhar sobre a Educação numa perspectiva inclusiva, e sobre a importância da formação continuada de forma crítica e emancipatória. Também permitiram a articulação dos saberes em Educação com o cotidiano dos sujeitos envolvidos, além da reflexão acerca da importância de se sentir incluído para além dos muros da sala de aula.
A importância da participação professoral na construção reflexiva estudantil
Authors: Kopstein Marcos Antunes , Zanella Diego Carlos
Published: October 2019

Faz-se um parâmetro acerca da influência ideológica e da importância do fomento ao senso crítico dos estudantes através da perspectiva do filme A Onda (2008) e do romance Nada de Novo no Front (1929). O fomento ao ensino e ao melhoramento da educação deve ser enfocado na importância do desenvolvimento da reflexão dos alunos, transformando-os em cidadãos e não em mera mão de obra burocratizada. Tem-se por objetivo, dessa maneira, expor a importância da participação de educadores no desenvolvimento do senso crítico e reflexivo dos educandos. Sendo assim, este trabalho tem por metodologia, pesquisa bibliográfica e análise documental.
The Process of Adopting Innovation on Line Chatterbot Mobile Messenger as Customer Service Intermediary (Case Study: Chatterbot Telkomsel)
Authors: Silvani Eva , Amri Gusti , Herawati Dian Laksmi
Published: October 2019

By using Rogers’s theory (1983), this research aims to know the process of adopting innovation occurred in the Telkomsel customers toward Line Chatterbot Mobile Messenger. Another purpose of this research is tried to find out the differences of adoption process from generation X, millennial, and generation Z as well as describe each of the adopter category characteristics. The method used is case study with qualitative approach using Focus Group Discussion technique. The results then reveal that the adoption process has little bit differences with Rogers’s theory. The differences are found in several steps including knowledge steps, experiment steps, decision steps, and confirmation steps. Furthermore, this research is also found out new concepts namely passive adopter which is defined as adopter that prefers using innovation as alternative choices.
Ensino do tema tabela periódica na educação básica
Authors: Gonzaga Glaucia Ribeiro , Miranda Jean Carlos , Ferreira Matheus Lopes
Published: October 2019

O ensino da tabela periódica da educação básica está presente de forma introdutória no 9º ano do Ensino Fundamental e de forma mais aprofundada no 1º ano do Ensino Médio. Independente do nível de abordagem, seu ensino ainda ocorre de forma tradicional em muitas instituições de ensino, pautando-se na memorização exaustiva da estrutura de organização e das propriedades dos elementos. Esse processo de ensino torna a tabela periódica um conteúdo de pouco interesse e despreza o processo histórico de sua construção. Nesse sentido, o presente artigo tem por objetivo discutir e incentivar a adoção de uma abordagem envolvendo a história da ciência de forma contextualizada, além da adoção de outros recursos didáticos, e não apenas a tabela impressa. Para tal, apresenta-se uma breve revisão bibliográfica sobre a história da tabela periódica e sua abordagem em sala de aula. Sugere-se ainda  o uso de diferentes metodologias para o ensino do  tema na educação básica.
Proposed Business Strategy for Hotel in Airport City (Case Study: Kualanamu International Airport)
Authors: Septiant Andi
Published: October 2019

This final project is made to analyze the current business of PT Angkasa Pura II (Persero), by analyzing the internal and external factors of the Hotel business environment in the Airport City area of Kualanamu International Airport today. Then, it is expected to analyze the Hotel Business Model Strategy that is appropriate for hotel businesses in the Airport City Area of Kualanamu International Airport to be developed and the final step is to analyze the results of the implementation hotel strategies in the Airport City Area of Kualanamu International Airport in the face of competition in the current era of global competition. To achieve the objectives of this study, the proposed business strategy used by the author is SWOT Analysis, then proceed with the decision-making stage. The technique in question is the quantitative Strategy Planning Matrix (QSPM) technique. QSPM analysis tool is an analysis tool used to evaluate alternative strategic choices objectively according to internal and external factors that have been identified previously. Finally, the conclusion is based on the results of the analysis that has been done.
Biodiesel production using co-solvents: a review
Authors: Simonelli George , Ferreira Júnior José Mario , Pires Carlos Augusto de Moraes , Santos Luiz Carlos Lobato dos
Published: October 2019

Biodiesel is a renewable and biodegradable biofuel, generally produced by the fatty materials transesterification. Due to its importance in the diversification of the energy matrix of countries, various studies have been carried out to improve its production process. One of the technologies developed is the use of co-solvents in the process. The co-solvents decrease the mass transfer resistance between the oil and the alcohol during the chemical reaction. In this paper, a review of the literature on the biodiesel production using co-solvents was presented. The research gathered information about various studies that are relevant to the theme, aiming to show the state of the art, the substances most used as co-solvents, and the conditions of the process variables that result in high yields of fatty acid methyl esters (FAME). In the homogeneous basic catalysis of vegetable oils, potassium hydroxide is the most used catalyst. Its range of application normally varies from 0.5% to 1.8% in relation to the mass of oil. The reaction time may vary from 10 minutes to 2 hours, the temperature from 25 °C to 100 °C, the molar ratio (MR), from 3:1 to 12:1, and the amount of 30% (w/w) co-solvent, or in some cases up to 0.7:1 co-solvent to alcohol molar ratio.
O ensino da matemática na educação de jovens e adultos em uma escola pública de Altamira (PA)
Authors: Feitosa Samara Mendes , Formigosa Marcos Marques , Cordeiro Leonardo Zenha , Santos Davis Castro dos
Published: October 2019

Este artigo é fruto de uma pesquisa que teve como objetivo geral analisar como as metodologias na educação matemática refletem no processo de ensino e aprendizagem dos alunos da EJA. O local escolhido para a investigação foi uma escola pública, localizada na cidade de Altamira (PA). Inicialmente, realizamos uma consulta bibliográfica e, posteriormente, uma pesquisa de campo, com aplicação de questionário a dois professores que lecionam Matemática, em que os dados foram analisados numa perspectiva qualitativa, que culminou na percepção de que o ensino de Matemática na EJA necessita de reformulações das mais diversas, a começar pelo material didático e pela qualificação dos professores, para que haja metodologias diferenciadas no ensino de tal disciplina, direcionado para esse público.
Políticas Públicas: uma análise da implementação do programa bolsa família no município de Patos-PB
Authors: Lopes Adenilsa da Silva , Silva Geymeesson Brito da , Sousa Francisca Rozângela Lopes de
Published: October 2019

O programa Bolsa Família articula a transferência de renda para a implementação de programas complementares, com o intuito de promover o desenvolvimento humano e a autonomia dos beneficiários. No município de Patos-PB, o Programa Bolsa Família (PBF) possui cerca de 10.366 beneficiários inseridos, há uma demanda bem maior de inscritos no CadÚnico que ainda aguardam sua inserção no programa. Esse trabalho tem por objetivo geral avaliar o monitoramento das ações complementares do Programa Bolsa Família no Município de Patos-PB. Para tanto foi realizada pesquisa documental e bibliográfica, como também pesquisa de campo a partir de entrevistas semiestruturadas com atores governamentais e beneficiários. A pesquisa qualitativa se mostrou mais adequada para a construção deste trabalho, seguindo o método do estudo de caso. Sendo um dos maiores desafios das políticas públicas, o monitoramento é tido como o exame contínuo de processos, produtos, resultados e impactos das ações realizadas na implementação, e a análise mostra que muitas ações previstas ainda não são oferecidas, limitando-se a oficinas de aperfeiçoamento, não sendo verificado um monitoramento consistente do programa no município. Considerando-se que a expectativa de inclusão social está ligada ao acesso às políticas públicas, a oferta e o acompanhamento destas ações pelas esferas governamentais, são essenciais para o combate à pobreza e à fome, contribuindo para as chamadas portas de saída do Programa Bolsa Família, o que ainda apresenta desafios em seu processo de implementação.
Implantação do eSocial no setor de recursos humanos: um estudo de caso
Authors: Anício Ana Caroline Tibério , Silva Vanessa de Cillos
Published: October 2019

O eSocial foi criado a fim de garantir que informações dos funcionários de uma empresa sejam apresentadas ao governo com o intuito de controlar as movimentações de uma organização. O objetivo do trabalho é identificar as principais dificuldades encontradas ao longo do processo de implantação do eSocial e quais as vantagens e desvantagens da utilização do sistema. Para isso, foi realizado um estudo de caso por meio de entrevista com o profissional responsável pela área de Recursos Humanos em uma empresa que atua no setor industrial na região de Campinas/SP. Foi constatado que não houveram problemas durante o processo de implantação do sistema. Entre as vantagens, destaca-se o fato de a empresa enviar informações em tempo real, o que acarreta que as tarefas não se acumulem ao longo do tempo. A principal desvantagem mencionada pela empresa em estudo foi relacionada ao envio de informações ao eSocial e demais sistemas exigidos pelo governo, tais como, Sefip e Caged.
Physico-chemical characterization of the pulp and peel of Brazilian Pitomba (Talisia esculenta (A. St.-Hill.) Radlk)
Authors: Fraga Layanne Nascimento , Oliveira Anne Karoline de Souza , Aragão Bruna Pinheiro , Silva Ana Mara de Oliveira e , Wartha Elma Regina Silva de Andrade , Bacci Leandro , Lobato Luciana Pereira , Carvalho Izabela Maria Montezano de
Published: October 2019

This study aimed to evaluate the physico-chemical composition and bioactive compounds of pulp and the peel of the pitomba arising from the state of Sergipe/Brazil. The income, the physico-chemical characterization, mineral content, vitamin C and carotenoids of pulp and pitomba peel were determined. The peel presented high income (44,60% of the fruit). A significant amount of vitamin C (20,68 ± 2,93 mg/100g of fresh sample) and carotenoids (43,56 ± 2,04 μg/mL of the extract) were observed in the pulp, while the peel had a high mineral content, mainly potassium (223,00 ± 2,00 mg/100g), calcium (78,90 ± 0,40 mg/100g) and magnesium (47,50 ± 0,90 mg/100g). The constituents’ knowledge of the peel and pulp of the pitomba in natura adds value to the fruit, since it allows a better use of it, considering that the peel is discarded and only its pulp is consumed.
Autoria como critério para produção de artigos: uma análise dos periódicos da área de Ensino de Ciências Qualis A1, A2, e B1
Authors: Lima Fernanda Oliveira , Romero Adriano Lopes , Pietricoski Luciana Borowski , Silva Dorisvaldo Rodrigues da , Marques Glessyan de Quadros , Deitos Greyze Maria Palaoro , Nascimento Jéssica Engel do , Ganhor João Paulo , Garcia Simone Domingues , Zabotti Kamilla , Deus Andréia Florêncio Eduardo de , Cunha Marcia Borin da
Published: October 2019

O meio científico é caracterizado por exigências de produtividade, fato que leva à discussões e debates acerca da qualidade dos trabalhos produzidos. As condições éticas de elaboração de artigos científicos, tal como a que envolve a real participação dos autores nas produções, têm demandado o estabelecimento de critérios precisos e claros. Nesse sentido, este estudo buscou identificar e analisar critérios de autoria em periódicos Qualis Capes A1, A2, e B1, da área de Ensino, que tenham em seu escopo a Educação em Ciências ou Ensino de Ciências, de forma a identificar a existência de orientações aos possíveis autores. A partir desse estudo, objetivou-se discutir critérios de autoria para melhoria da qualidade e da confiabilidade das produções científicas. Para isto, selecionou-se 44 periódicos para análise de informações acerca dos critérios de autoria. Observou-se que a exigência de cadastro no ORCID para os pesquisadores está presente em quatro periódicos; que as orientações acerca de plágio estão presentes em 11 periódicos; que apenas três periódicos exigem titulação específica dos autores; e que 18 periódicos fazem referência à critérios de contribuição dos autores nos trabalhos científicos. Esses dados indicam que a maior parte dos periódicos avaliados apresentam informações insuficientes aos autores, demonstrando pouca preocupação com essa parte do processo de produção de artigos. Com o exposto, percebe-se que pesquisas com periódicos devem continuar a serem desenvolvidas, buscando os critérios estabelecidos pelos periódicos para assegurar a lisura da indicação de autoria, já que esses contribuem com a qualidade, ética e divulgação das pesquisas pelos periódicos.
Extração de Lítio nos municípios de Itinga e Araçuaí no Vale do Jequitinhonha em Minas Gerais
Authors: Salomão Pedro Emílio Amador , Borges Edson Aparecido Gonçalves
Published: October 2019

O lítio é um metal extremamente leve e com importantes propriedades físicas e eletroquímicas. Devido a seu elevado calor específico é usando em aplicações que envolvem transferência de calor e seu alto potencial eletroquímico e alta densidade energética faz com que seja altamente utilizado em baterias. Em consequência da sua alta reatividade não é encontrado em sua forma elementar na natureza. Sua ocorrência se dá principalmente em Salmouras de Lítio e Pegmatitos. No Brasil sua ocorrência só se dá em depósitos de pegmatito, sendo os principais depósitos localizados nos municípios de Itinga e Araçuaí, no Vale do Jequitinhonha, Minas Gerais. O presente trabalho tem como objetivo realizar o levantamento de informação, através de uma revisão bibliográfica, sobre a exploração dos minerais de lítios nos referidos municípios. Com o constante aumento da demanda por minerais de lítio para uso em sistemas tecnológicos, principalmente em baterias de lítio, fez com que houvesse grandes investimentos em pesquisas e infraestrutura na região, podendo aumentar conforme o crescimento da demanda do mercado nacional e internacional aumenta. Ficou evidente a importância do Vale do Jequitinhonha no cenário de desenvolvimento tecnológico, impulsionado pela Indústria 4.0, do Brasil.
Evolution and a current state of high-mountain Lake Kari (Armenia) as inferred from the diatom study
Authors: Ludikova Anna V. , Sapelko Tatyana V. , Kuznetsov Denis D. , Naumenko Michail А. , Boynagryan Vladimir R.
Published: October 2019

The paper present the results of the diatom study of a sediment core and surface-sediment samples from a high-mountain Lake Kari, Armenia. The results enabled to infer the main stages of the lake’s evolution throughout the last 4000 yrs, and characterize its current state.
Modeling of ecological conditions in the Euxine Basin in the Sarmatian and Maeotian by methods of diatom analysis
Authors: Radionova Eleonora P.
Published: October 2019

The associations and ecological conditions of the existence of modern diatoms of the North-West (Pridneprovsky), Prikerchensky and Eastern regions of the subtidal zone of the Black Sea are considered. Based on the unity of the composition of the Present and Sarmatian-Meotian diatom flora, an attempt has been made to model some of the ecological c situation of the Late Miocene Euxinian basin.
Review of the paleoecological reconstructions results for Western and Central Caucasus mountain lakes
Authors: Razumovsky Vikenty L.
Published: October 2019

This work is devoted to the study and classification of different transformation scenarios for Western and Central Caucasus lake ecosystems. In the course of work, more than 25 mountain lakes were examined and among them 4 model reservoirs the most promising from the point of view of paleoecological reconstructions were identified, which allowed us to allocate the most typical scenarios of lake ecosystems development in the region.
Paleoecological study of bottom sediments of the lake Goluboye (Karelian Isthmus) according to the results of diatom analysis
Authors: Shatalova Angelina E. , Kublitsky Uriy A. , Subetto Dmitry A. , Ludikova Anna V. , Rosentau Alar , Sokolova Natalya V. , Syrykh Ludmila S.
Published: October 2019

The study of paleogeography of lakes is an actual and important direction in modern science. As part of the study of lakes in the North-West of the Karelian Isthmus, this analysis will establish the dynamics of salinity of objects, which will allow to reconstruct changes in the level of the Baltic Sea in the Holocene.
Fossil diatoms from the Volga Delta Holocene sediments (Damchik region) as indicators of the paleoecological conditions of sedimentation
Authors: Shtyrkova Yelena I. , Polyakova Yelena I.
Published: October 2019

The results of fossil diatoms investigation from the deltaic sediments are presented. Samples were obtained from the core DM-1 and two Holocene outcrops from the Damchik region of the Astrakhan Nature Reserve. In the core samples eight periods of sedimentation based on diatom analysis were identified: the sediments formed in shallow freshwater basins and deltaic channels. The samples from the outcrops were investigated in much greater detail.
AN EFFECT OF PSYCHOLOGICAL CONFLICT TO ELSA PERSONALITY DEVELOPMENT IN FROZEN: PSYCHOLOGICAL APPROACH
Authors: Goh Marson , Arianto Tomi
Published: October 2019

In this research, the researcher was focusing on the psychological conflict and the character development in which it could be found in the character of Elsa in Frozen. There were two theories that the researcher used for the research problems in this research. The first theory that the researcher used to answer the first research problem was about the psychological conflict that was proposed by Kurt Lewin to find variety of psychological conflict that was expressed by the character of Elsa in the story itself. As for the second theory that the researcher used to answer the second research problem was about the personality development which was proposed by Elizabeth B. Hurlock to explain the effect of psychological conflict to Elsa personality development. In this research, the researcher used descriptive qualitative method. The result of this analysis showed that there were two kinds of psychological conflict which was shown in Elsa character which were approach-avoidance conflict and avoidance-avoidance conflict and those two conflicts which gave a huge effect to Elsa personality development in which the researcher found that there are five determinants they are emotional, aspiration and achievement, intellectual, social, and family.
SCHIZOPHRENIA SYMPTOMS ACUTE IN TEDDY ALIAS ANDREW IN THE “SHUTTER ISLAND” NOVEL BY DENNIS LEHANE
Authors: Rahmi Elfi , Arianto Tomi
Published: October 2019

This research discussed about schizophrenia symptoms in Teddy alias Andrew Laedis that was acute and dangerous and also discussed the psychodrama treatment for Andrew. The main character is described to have a dangerous illness which is schizophrenia due to get from his traumatic events in world of war. Some of traumatic event that Andrew is experienced actually like when Andrew killed hundred soldier during the war in Dachau, his guilt because he did not bring his wife, Dolores to psychiatrists then unpredictable his wife killed her three children and drowning her child in a pond and regret for the rest of his life who was forced to kill his beloved wife until die and he finally lost all his family. Andrew cannot escape from the reality and without unconsciously he became experiencing mental disorder. The fictional story written by Dennis Lehane (2003.This novel was using the theory of psychoanalysis approach by Sigmund Freud. By using the concept of Sigmund's theory this research examined the symptoms of acute schizophrenia in Teddy alias Andrew's character which showed that his id is more dominant than his ego and the superego did not almost non-existent. Andrew points out three types of self defense mechanisms, namely, denial projections, regression and displacement. Meanwhile, the process of psychiatric recovery treatment by Dr. Cawley is used a psychodrama.
A Model-Based Real-Time Decision Support System for Irrigation Scheduling to Improve Water Productivity
Authors: Chen Xiaoping , Qi Zhiming , Gui Dongwei , Gu Zhe , Ma Liwang , Zeng Fanjiang , Li Lanhai , Sima Matthew W.
Published: October 2019

A precisely timed irrigation schedule to match crop water demand is vital to improving water use efficiency in arid farmland. In this study, a real-time irrigation-scheduling infrastructure, Decision Support System for Irrigation Scheduling (DSSIS), based on water stresses predicted by an agro-hydrological model, was constructed and evaluated. The DSSIS employed the Root Zone Water Quality Model (RZWQM2) to predict crop water stresses and soil water content, which were used to trigger irrigation and calculate irrigation amount, respectively, along with forecasted rainfall. The new DSSIS was evaluated through a cotton field experiment in Xinjiang, China in 2016 and 2017. Three irrigation scheduling methods (DSSIS-based (D), soil moisture sensor-based (S), and conventional experience-based (E)), factorially combined with two irrigation rates (full irrigation (FI), and deficit irrigation (DI, 75% of FI)) were compared. The DSSIS significantly increased water productivity (WP) by 26% and 65.7%, compared to sensor-based and experience-based irrigation scheduling methods (p < 0.05), respectively. No significant difference was observed in WP between full and deficit irrigation treatments. In addition, the DSSIS showed economic advantage over sensor- and experience-based methods. Our results suggested that DSSIS is a promising tool for irrigation scheduling.
Negative and Positive Impacts of Rape Straw Returning on the Roots Growth of Hybrid Rice in the Sichuan Basin Area
Authors: Wang Xuechun , Samo Naseem , Zhao Changkun , Wang Hongni , Yang Guotao , Hu Yungao , Peng Youlin , Rasul Fahd
Published: October 2019

Incorporating oilseed-rape straw in soil is one of the effective methods for enhancing the use efficiency of agricultural resources in the rape-rice rotation system. However, the impacts of oilseed-rape straw incorporation on root growth and dynamic changes in soil are still unclear. In order to provide a deeper understanding of the oilseed rape straw return on rice growth and productivity, the experiment was conducted in the field and in a specially-designed pots system from 2016 to 2017 by means of two straw returning methods and four straw returning amounts. In the early stage of rice growth (0–36 days after rice transplanting) the straw returning treatments decreased 1.0–8.6 mg/plant in bleeding density and 0.10–6.11, 0.06–0.31, and 0.52–0.84 μmol/(g h) in the activity of glutamine synthetase (GS), glutamic-oxalacetic transaminase (GOT), and glutamic-pyruvic transaminase (GPT), respectively. Oilseed rape straw returned by mulching induced negative impacts on new germinating roots in 0–10 cm of soil, while the negative impacts were observed on roots in 10–30 cm of soil for straw returned by plowing. In the later stage of rice growth (56–75 days after rice transplanting), oilseed rape straw returning produced some positive impacts on rice roots, which enhanced the yield of rice. Conclusively, our findings suggested that dynamic root growth and the activity of root enzymes are two major factors behind the slow reviving of rice after transplanting in the straw returning field. Plowing is a more appropriate method of straw returning than mulching in the rape-rice rotation system in the Sichuan basin area, with a straw incorporation rate of 3.0 t/hm2.
Transcriptome-Based Identification and Molecular Evolution of the Cytochrome P450 Genes and Expression Profiling under Dimethoate Treatment in Amur Stickleback (Pungitius sinensis)
Authors: Cao Jun , Cheng Xiuzhu
Published: October 2019

Cytochrome P450s (CYPs) are a family of membrane-bound mono-oxygenase proteins, which are involved in cell metabolism and detoxification of various xenobiotic substances. In this study, we identified 58 putative CYP genes in Amur stickleback (Pungitius sinensis) based on the transcriptome sequencing. Conserved motif distribution suggested their functional relevance within each group. Some present recombination events have accelerated the evolution of this gene family. Moreover, a few positive selection sites were identified, which may have accelerated the functional divergence of this family of proteins. Expression patterns of these CYP genes were investigated and indicated that most were affected by dimethoate treatment, suggesting that CYPs were involved in the detoxication of dimethoate. This study will provide a foundation for the further functional investigation of CYP genes in fishes.
Brexit and Animal Welfare Impact Assessment: Analysis of the Opportunities Brexit Presents for Animal Protection in the UK, EU, and Internationally
Authors: McCulloch Steven P.
Published: October 2019

The British people voted in a 2016 referendum to leave the European Union (EU). Brexit presents threats and opportunities to animal protection in the United Kingdom (UK), the EU, and internationally. This paper discusses opportunities for animal protection in terms of five criteria. These are first, political context; second, regulatory changes; third, economic and trade factors; fourth, institutional- and capacity-related factors; and fifth, EU and international considerations. Brexit permits reform of UK agricultural policy outside of the Common Agricultural Policy (CAP) to reward high welfare as a public good. The Agriculture Bill, however, does not suggest a radical reform agenda for animal welfare. Brexit permits a ban on live exports, but the UK Government is consulting on improving welfare, not prohibition. Brexit provides an opportunity to ban the import and sale of fur, but the UK Government has signalled it will work to improve welfare in fur farming. Brexit permits the UK to prohibit the import and sale of foie gras, but the Government has stated a ban may be challenged at the World Trade Organisation (WTO). Brexit allows more stringent Pet Travel Scheme (PETS) requirements to reduce puppy smuggling. Lucy’s Law and stricter enforcement will also mitigate the problem. New sentience legislation provides the opportunity for a fully independent and properly constituted UK Animal Welfare Advisory body conducting animal welfare impact assessments and ethical appraisal. The Government has proposed sentience legislation but there is a major risk it will not be in place before the UK leaves the EU. The Government has expanded the remit of the Farm Animal Welfare Committee, which is not fully independent and is dominated by veterinary members and agricultural interests. Brexit provides some opportunities for animal protection with radical reform of agricultural policy, prohibition of live exports, and banning the import and sale of fur and foie gras. Pre-Brexit, the Government has not demonstrated the political will and commitment to realise these opportunities.
Characterization of Endophytic Streptomyces griseorubens MPT42 and Assessment of Antimicrobial Synergistic Interactions of Its Extract and Essential Oil from Host Plant Litsea cubeba
Authors: Nguyen Quang Huy , Nguyen Hai Van , Vu Thi Hanh-Nguyen , Chu-Ky Son , Vu Thu Trang , Hoang Ha , Quach Ngoc Tung , Bui Thi Lien , Chu Hoang Ha , Khieu Thi Nhan , Sarter Samira , Li Wen-Jun , Phi Quyet-Tien
Published: October 2019

The present study aimed to evaluate the synergistic effects of the crude ethyl acetate extract (CEAE) from endophytic actinomycete MPT42 and essential oil (EO) of the same host plant Litsea cubeba. The isolate MPT42, exhibiting broad-spectrum antimicrobial activities and harboring all three antibiotic-related biosynthetic genes pks-I, pks-II, and nrps, was identified as Streptomycete griseorubens based on an analysis of the morphology, physiology, and 16S rDNA sequence. Minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) and the fractional inhibitory concentration index were used to estimate the synergistic effects of various combined ratios between CEAE or antibiotics (erythromycin, vancomycin) and EO toward 13 microbial strains including pathogens. L. cubeba fruit EO, showing the main chemical constituents of 36.0% citral, 29.6% carveol, and 20.5% limonene, revealed an active-low against tested microbes (MICs ≥ 600 μg/mL). The CEAE of S. griseorubens culture exhibited moderate–strong antimicrobial activities against microbes (MICs = 80–600 μg/mL). Analysis of the mechanism of action of EO on Escherichia coli ATCC 25922 found that bacterial cells were dead after 7 h of the EO treatment at 1 MIC (5.5 mg/mL), where 62% cells were permeabilized after 2 h and 3% of them were filament (length ≥ 6 μm). Combinations of CEAE, erythromycin, or vancomycin with EO led to significant synergistic antimicrobial effects against microbes with 4–16 fold reduction in MIC values when compared to their single use. Interestingly, the vancomycin–EO combinations exhibited a strong synergistic effect against five Gram-negative bacterial species. This could assume that the synergy was possibly due to increasing the cell membrane permeability by the EO acting on the bacterial cells, which allows the uptake and diffusion of antimicrobial substances inside the cell easily. These findings in the present study therefore propose a possible alternative to combat the emergence of multidrug-resistant microbes in veterinary and clinics.