bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Comparative evaluation of plasma protein purification and 2-D gel electrophoresis protocols for analysis of HIV-1 infected plasma proteins (Preprint)
Authors: Barik Sr Mr Sushanta Kumar , Varshney Deepika , Bisht Sr Deepa , Patil Sr Shripad A , Singh Sr Rananjaya , Sharma Sr Devesh , Tripathy Sr Srikanth Prasad , Tandon Rekha , Singh Sr Tej Pal , Jena Sr Srikanta , Mohanty Sr Keshar Kunja
Published: April 2021

BACKGROUND

The focus of the study was the comparative evaluation of HIV-1 infected plasma protein purification and 2-D gel electrophoresis protocols.

OBJECTIVE

Human plasma protein purification is a risk task to perform 2-D gel electrophoresis. Human plasma proteins contain nearly 70% albumin and globulin. The removal of such high abundance high molecular weight proteins is very difficult to perform 2-D gel electrophoresis

METHODS

To the best of our knowledge, we searched several research papers, developed and adopted various organic and non-organic based protocols for HIV-1 infected human plasma protein purification and various isoelectrofocusing protocols in 2-D gel electrophoresis

RESULTS

After failure in 2-D gel-electrophoresis performance by these protocols, Aurum serum mini kit (Bio-Rad, USA) was adopted for plasma protein purification for performing 2-D gel electrophoresis. The low-abundance proteins were better resolved by 10% SDS-PAGE in 2-D gel-electrophoresis. Then, we extended the MALDI-TOF/TOF analysis of low-abundance proteins in human plasma by adopting the Aurum serum mini kit ( Bio-Rad, USA) for 2-D gel electrophoresis.

CONCLUSIONS

Thus, we concluded that, the Aurum serum mini kit (Bio-Rad, USA) is best to perform the 2-D gel electrophoresis of HIV-1 infected human plasma by depleting the high abundant proteins like albumin and globulin
Using an Information Package to Reduce Patients’ Risk of Renal Damage: Protocol for a Randomized Feasibility Trial (Preprint)
Authors: Leitch Sharon , Smith Alesha , Zeng Jiaxu , Stokes Tim
Published: April 2021

BACKGROUND

Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are a common cause of renal damage, especially when taken together with angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACE-i) or angiotensin II receptor blockers (ARBs) plus a diuretic — a combination known as the “triple whammy.” New Zealand patients are at high risk of the “triple whammy” because they can easily purchase NSAIDs without a prescription and in nonpharmacy retail settings (eg, the supermarket), there is no legal requirement to include patient information sheets with medication, and direct-to-consumer drug advertising is permitted. A patient information package has been developed for those at greatest risk of the “triple whammy,” consisting of a printable PDF and an interactive online learning activity. This information package aims to inform patients about their elevated risk of harm from NSAIDS and discourage use of NSAIDs. A randomized control trial was planned to assess the effect of the information package.

OBJECTIVE

This study aims to pilot the trial procedures for recruiting patients and providing patient information online and to assess the acceptability of the patient information package.

METHODS

A two-armed randomized feasibility trial will be undertaken in Northland, New Zealand. We will recruit 50 patients who are at least 18 years old from those who have signed up to receive email alerts through their general practice. Patients eligible for this study have been prescribed an ACE-i or ARB plus a diuretic in the past 3 months. They will be randomly allocated to 2 study arms. The intervention arm will receive access to an information package plus usual care; the control arm will receive usual care alone. Online surveys will be used to assess NSAID knowledge and NSAID use at baseline and after 2 weeks for both arms. The intervention arm will also evaluate the information package in an additional survey based on Normalization Process Theory (NPT) concepts. We will report the number and proportion of participants who are eligible and consent to participate in the trial. Response and drop-out rates will be reported for each trial arm. The numbers of patients who interact with the education package will be reported together with the patient evaluation of it.

RESULTS

Funding has been obtained from the Health Research Council of New Zealand (HRC 18-031). The University of Otago Human Research Ethics Committee (H21/016) has approved this trial. Consultation has been undertaken with The Ngai Tahu research consultation committee. The trial commenced on April 12, 2021.

CONCLUSIONS

This feasibility trial will test the study processes prior to commencing a randomized controlled trial and will determine the acceptability of the patient information package. We anticipate this work will provide useful information for other researchers attempting similar work.

INTERNATIONAL REGISTERED REPORT

PRR1-10.2196/29161
Incorporation of Unnatural Amino Acid into Antibody Fragment for Creating a Stable Antibody Drug Conjugate
Authors: Wardiana Andri , Jones Martina L , Mahler Stephen M , Howard Christopher B
Published: April 2021

The traditional chemotherapy drug has been used as a standard cancer treatment, however it has resulted a modest survival benefit and damaged non-cancerous cells. Thus, the novel strategies which can improve selectivity and specificity in chemotherapy are urgently needed. Antibody drug conjugate (ADC) combines monoclonal antibody and cytotoxic drug is a potential regimen as targeted therapy. However, the heterogeneous mixtures has been observed using the current ADC methods. Here, we develop the strategy for generation a stable ADC utilising modified single chain antibody fragment (scFv) containing azide group for click chemistry reaction with alkyne containing cytotoxic drug. This research focused on targeting prostate cancer as a model disease utilising targeting prostate specific membrane antigen (PSMA) receptor which is overexpressed in all prostate cancer stages. The unnatural amino acid para-azido phenyl alanine (pAzF) has been successfully incorporated into anti-PSMA J591 scFv and specifically bound and internalised into PSMA positive cancer cells. This mutant scFv were also successfully conjugated into a linker containing cyclo-alkyne, DBCO-PEG4-DBCO as a model for creating ADC through copper-free click chemistry reaction. This bioconjugation method is promising as a versatile strategy for generating a stable ADC to improve therapeutic efficacy in cancer treatment.
SEXUALITY AS SEEN IN MAYA ANGELOU'S POEMS, “WOMAN ME”, “PHENOMENAL WOMAN”, AND “SEVEN WOMEN'S BLESSED ASSURANCE”
Authors: Paramita Ashika Prajnya
Published: April 2021

Maya Angelou’s poems entitled “Woman Me”, “Phenomenal Woman”, and “Seven Women’s Blessed Assurance” present a topic of woman’s captivating and overwhelming sexuality and beauty that draw men toward her. Using the expressive approach, these poems are studied and analyzed to reveal Angelou’s ideas and perspective of women’s sexuality. In contrast to Angelou, the women in her poems are very confident about themselves. They accept their physical traits, proud of the way they look, and manage to make it their strong point, defining themselves as very strong, confident women. Through her poems, Angelou represents the idea of sexuality completely the opposite of what she was like in her younger years.
EXPRESSIONS OF DISAGREEMENT IN ENGLISH BY INDONESIAN LEARNERS OF ENGLISH AND AUSTRALIAN LEARNERS
Authors: Ramadhani Elya Aprilia
Published: April 2021

This research entitled “Expressions of Disagreement in English by Indonesian learners of English and Australian learners” intends to study and compare the similarity and difference between Indonesians and native speakers of English in expressing disagreements. This research also examines the choice of semantic formulae that both groups used toward different interlocutors influenced by familiarity, status and age. To collect data, questionnaires in the form of DCT (Discourse Completion Task) are used. This research involves 40 respondents consisting of 20 Indonesian students of English Department, 20 Australian students from Indonesian Language and Culture Learning Service (INCULS) program, Faculty of Cultural Sciences, UGM. The data are analyzed by using Beebe’s Classification. Both groups share some similarities and differences in expressing disagreements. Both groups employ a similar set of strategy (semantic formulae) but they differ from each other in the ranks and frequencies of semantic formulae used. There are evidences of mostly semantic formulae used, ranks and frequencies of those in relation to the degree of familiarity, status difference and age difference.
INDONESIAN STUDENTS' ERROR IN THE USE OF DETERMINERS
Authors: Atibrata Tyas Gita
Published: April 2021

This research attempts to investigate Indonesian students' errors in the use of determiners in their English writing. More specifically, it is an attempt to identify Gadjah Mada University English Department students' errors in the use of English determiners and classify them according to the types of determiners and the structural change of determiners. The results of the research shows that most of the incorrect use of the determiners was in the form of articles with 71 cases (72.44%), followed by possessives 12 (12.24%), demonstratives 10 (10.20%), and quantifiers 5 cases (5.10%). The results seem to suggest that the students had the greatest difficulty in the use of articles in writing in English. However, they did not seem to have difficulty in the use of demonstratives, possessives, and quantifiers. The incorrect use of determiners \caused some structural alteration of the determiners. There are five types of stuructural alteration of determiners: addition, omission, misorder, misformation, and misuse. Most of them were omission with 29 (29.59%). All of them were in the form of articles, followed by misformation with 28 cases (28.57%), addition with 19 cases (19.38%), misuse with 14 cases (14.28%), and misordering with 8 cases (8.16%). The results suggest that most of the students tend to omit the articles in their writing.
A Contrastive Analysis of Indonesian and English Noun Phrases: How the Differences Create Problems in Translation as Seen in “Chemistry 2A for Senior High School Grade XI Semester 1”
Authors: Fajri Anisah Durrotul
Published: April 2021

This research aims: 1) to find out the differences and similarities between Indonesian and English noun phrases, 2) to explain the effects of the differences and similarities between Indonesian and English noun phrases on the translation products. By using contrastive analysis Indonesian and English constructions of noun phrases are contrasted to get the differences and similarities by which the data are analyzed. The results show that Indonesian and English constructions of noun phrases have similarities and differences which create problems in translation. Those noun phrases which have differences create more problems in translation than those having similarities.
Sentence Fragments in the Narration of the Novel "The Hunger Games"
Authors: Nurhusna Farhani
Published: April 2021

The use of sentence fragments is generally discouraged in good English writing because they lack one or more essential components of a sentence, namely a subject and/or a predicate, and thus are grammatically unacceptable. However in fiction writing, the use of sentence fragments is not only quite common in dialogue, but in narration as well. The present study analyses sentence fragments in the narration of the first novel of the young-adult science-fiction trilogy The Hunger Games written by Suzanne Collins, to investigate the types of fragments employed in the novel and their classification based on syntactic structure in the form of dependent-clause fragments and phrase fragments. The sentence fragments were further analysed for their use based on the context of their preceding sentences. The use of sentence fragments in the novel basically serves the function of creating emphasis or stressing important points in the story.
Participle as Seen in The Jakarta Post Headings
Authors: Arumningtyas Dwiana Marcheni
Published: April 2021

This paper discusses the usage of participle as seen in The Jakarta Post Headings. The Jakarta Post is considered as a representative newspaper especially for Non Native English Language Learners for it is mostly written by Indonesian journalists using good standard of English. The data of this research are taken from The Jakarta Post edition September 6 until October 6, 2012. The headings are classified based on the type of participle they contained. Afterwards, they are analyzed based on their context in order to figure out the meaning they might contain. Lastly, this paper talks about the prevalence of the participle in The Jakarta Post headings which may reflect the preference of participles used by Indonesian authors in expressing their idea in English. As the result, this paper points out the 5 patterns of present participle, and 6 patterns of past participle used in The Jakarta Post, their meaning, and their frequency.
The Character Development of Neville Longbottom in the Harry Potter Series
Authors: Alvanita Alvanita
Published: April 2021

This graduating paper examines the novel series Harry Potter by J.K. Rowling. There are seven series telling about the journey of Harry Potter in Hogwarts school of witchcraft and wizardry. The objectives of this paper are to study the character development of Neville Longbottom, a minor character in Harry Potter, and to find his significance in the Harry Potter series. The analysis is conducted with objective approach, focused on changes in Neville’s character. The result of this research shows that Neville character changes significantly during the series. Moreover, his development becomes very significant to the plot of Harry Potter. At first, he is obedient and shy, but finally in the end of series he becomes a hero. He is a minor character, yet he has a significant role.
The Non-Observance of Quality Maxim as Seen in the Movie "Twilight Saga: Twilight"
Authors: Lestari Dwi
Published: April 2021

This research attempts to identify and classify violating and flouting of Quality maxim in the movie Twilight Saga. The data used were the characters' utterances containing of violating and flouting of the maxim along with their contexts. The findings show that violating is the mostly used strategy (25 cases). It is followed by flouting which is done in various ways: saying something which does not represent what the speaker thinks (8 cases), exaggerating (1 case), using irony (1 case), and bantering (3 cases). Flouting the maxim of Quality by using metaphor is not found, indicating that metaphor may be considered as an ineffective way to deliver a message implicitly.
Prosodic Morphological Analysis on Blends Used as Brand of Snacks And Beverages
Authors: Setyowati Ratna
Published: April 2021

This research focuses on the blends used in the brands of snacks and beverages which are found in supermarkets around Yogyakarta. More specifically, it attempts to identify and classify blend into four structural formations using prosodic morphology approach. The syllabic constituents of each source word and the number of syllables of the blends are also analyzed in this research. The findings of this research show that coining each beginning of two words is the structural formations of blends mostly used in the data collected (9 blends). It is followed by coining beginning and ending elements of word (7 blends), coining two words that have common sequence sounds (6 blends), and ended by coining two words that have multiple sounds (3 blends). The structural formations that are mostly relevant to the size of blends based on the number of syllables of the second source wordsis AD formation (83.33%). It shows that the structures of blends without overlapping on the source words are more relevant to the theory of size of the blends than the structures of blends with overlapping.
Machiavellian Principles Depicted in William Shakespeare’s Othello
Authors: Sukardi Raden Ayu Qisthi Shafira
Published: April 2021

This research is aimed to identify Machiavellian principles applied in Iago’s traits. Dynamic structuralism proposed by Mukarovsky is applied as its theoretical approach, so the discussion of this research evolves around the intrinsic elements of the play as well as the historical background of Machiavelli and the principles. By conducting a library research as the method, it is revealed that Machiavelli has his own idea to define power. According to Machiavelli, achieving power has to deal with virtù as a force. This is considered as the highlight of Machiavellian principles in this research.Therefore, the interaction between Iago and other characters are analyzed to see the application of Machiavellian principles in Iago’s traits. Iago’s plan is highlighted and linked to Machiavellian principles, saying that it is acceptable for someone to be harmful and selfish as the ways to achieve power. As the result, this research concludes that Iago has various personalities: as a backstabber, a trickster, and a master of exploiting other people’s mind. These personalities are aligned with Machiavellian principles. Iago manages a mischievous plan to destroy other people’s lives. His atrocious behavior represents the idea of a Machiavellian virtùe, described as a part of Machiavellian principles.
The Influences of the Puritan’s Teaching on Young Goodman in Hawthorne’s Young Goodman Brown
Authors: Purnama Theresia Juwita , Pursubaryanto Eddy
Published: April 2021

This research attempts to investigate the Puritan’s teachings in Hawthorne’s Young Goodman Brown and the influences of the teachings toward Young Goodman Brown. Formalism was used in this research to analyze the novel. The results of the research show that the Puritan’s teaching of total depravity taught by John Calvin appears in most of the scenes involving Goodman Brown, both explicitly and implicitly. The Puritan’s teaching of total depravity influences Goodman Brown’s thought of people around him. His way of thinking about people around him changed after he returned from the forest. The Puritan’s teaching of total depravity also changes Goodman Brown’s personality indirectly. So, according to the influences of the teachings towards Goodman Brown, they are accepted by Goodman Brown as an invitation to doubt himself and others, to be suspicious of other people’s activities, which eventually leads to an unhappy ending.
Illocutionary Acts in Online Airline Advertising Slogans
Authors: Arrosid Isnain , Munandar Aris
Published: April 2021

This research attempts to examine the illocutionary acts used in airline slogans taken from online airlines advertisements and investigate the most dominant illocutionary acts used in the slogans. The data were collected from online advertisements from November 2015 until January 2016. The results of the research show that four types of illocutionary acts are used in the slogans: directives, expressives, commissives and assertives with three patterns of illocutionary acts: Assertives entailing expressives, commissives entailing expressives and directives entailing expressives. Based on the findings, the most dominant type of illocutionary acts used was assertives with 40 occurrences (70%). Claiming is an assertive illocutionary act that was used most frequently in the slogans. This is in line with the main aim of advertising, i.e., persuading people. No declarative illocutionary act was found in the slogans since it is hard to fill the mode of achievement of a declarative in online advertising which changes the hearer’s status.
Refusal Strategies in Two Harry Potter Movies
Authors: Permataningtyas Winny , Sembodo Thomas Joko Priyo
Published: April 2021

This research investigates refusal acts and the strategies used in Harry Potter and the Philosopher’s Stone and Harry Potter and the Chamber of Secrets movies. It aims to identify what types of refusal acts are used by the characters in the movies and how they are expressed throughout the movies. The data were obtained from the two movies. A total of 91 refusals and 12 adjuncts were found in the movies. The results indicate that indirect refusals were more commonly used (65%) than direct refusals (35%). However, the direct strategy negative willingness/ability is the most commonly used (26%), followed by the indirect strategies Attempt to dissuade interlocutor (21%) and Reason/Explanation (18%). The findings seem to suggest that the characters in the Harry Potter movies tend to express their refusals indirectly, especially through persuasion and explanation.
Sarcastic Expressions in Two American Movies
Authors: Bachtiar Emhasib Sandi , Hardjanto Tofan Dwi
Published: April 2021

This study investigates the sarcastic utterances found in two American movies. The data for the research were dialogues containing sarcastic expressions found in the movies Fantastic Four (2005) and its sequel Fantastic Four: Rise of the Silver Surfer (2008). The data were analyzed and categorized according to their forms using Camp’s theory (2011). The sarcastic utterances were also classified according to their functions using Leech’s theory (1983). The results indicate that in terms of form, illocutionary sarcasm (60%) was most frequently used by the characters in the movies, which suggests that the characters in the movies tend to express their sarcasm through illocutions. In terms of function, sarcasm in the movies was more commonly (56%) used for collaborative purposes. The results of the research also suggest that there has to be a clear context in understanding sarcastic expressions, and the interlocutors must share some sufficient common ground in employing sarcasm.
Unique Keywords Found in the Titles of YouTube Beauty and Fashion Videos
Authors: Larasati Lintang , Moehkardi Rio Rini Diah
Published: April 2021

This study analyzes the meaning of the keywords used in YouTube’s beauty and fashion videos. It attempts to identify the most frequently used unique keywords found in the titles of the videos and examine the semantic change of the keywords. For these purposes, a semantic approach was adopted. A quantitative method was used to identify the most frequently used unique keywords. Furthermore, to reveal the semantic change of the keywords, Leech’s theory (1981) of meaning, the componential analysis, and Breal’s (1900) specification of semantic change were employed. 44 most frequently used unique keywords were found on the five top rank Beauty & Fashion YouTube channels. Five of these keywords, which are ‘favorites’, ‘swatches’, ‘haul’, ‘get ready’, and ‘try on’, appeared on at least three channels. All of them have undergone semantic change. Three keywords are categorized in two types of semantic change. There are two specializations, one pejoration, one metaphor, three ameliorations, and one generalization.
"Sorry, Darling": Apologizing in The Crown TV Series
Authors: Maulana Pradhana Ahmad , Hardjanto Tofan Dwi
Published: April 2021

The present research investigates the realization of apologies in the TV series entitled The Crown. In doing so, the study attempts to identify and classify apology strategies employed by the characters in the series using the taxonomy proposed by Blum-Kulka and Olshtain (1984). The collection of the apology data was done through observation of the series, starting from the first episode in the first season to the twentieth episode in the second season. The investigation has successfully identified and classified 45 apologies. From a total of 45 apologies found, 33 (73.4%) were classified as direct realizations (27 or 60% as standalone IFIDs and 6 or 13.3% as IFID combinations). Indirect apology realizations, however, were relatively rare with only 12 (26.6%) occurrences in total. The explanation of situation was found to be the most commonly used indirect strategy with six (13.3%) instances. The results seem to suggest that the characters in the series prefer direct strategies in apologizing in English.
Evaluation of clinical features and the factors related to nutrition in home care patients with pressure ulcer
Authors: ÇETİNER Mustafa , AKKAYA ARI Selma , EŞKUT Neslihan , OCAK Özgül , CANBAZ KABAY Sibel , ÖZIŞIK KARAMAN Handan Işın
Published: April 2021

Introduction: In this study, we aimed to determine the demographic and clinical characteristics of patients with pressure ulcers who received home health care in Kutahya city and to investigate the relationship between the factors related to nutrition and pressure ulcer grades.
Methods: This study is designed as a retrospective and cross-sectional. The files of 500 patients who were registered at home health services unit of Kutahya Health Sciences University Training and Research Hospital between December 2016 and May 2017 were reviewed retrospectively. Of these, sixty-three patients with pressure ulcers were included in the study.
Results: In this study, 26 (41.3%) were male and 37 (58.7%) were female. The mean age of the patients with pressure ulcers was 74.41 ± 12.30 (years). 36 patients (57.1%) had cerebrovascular disease, 5 patients (7.9%) had dementia, 9 patients (14.3%) had malignancy, 8 patients (12.7%) had osteoarthritis, 4 patients 6.3%) had peripheral vascular disease, and 1 patient (1.6%) had previous traffic accident. The majority (62.1%) were neurological disease-sequenced and nursing-care group. When all the patients were examined, the region with the most pressure was the sacrum (35.3%). Hemoglobin level was found to be related to pressure ulcer grade (One-way ANOVA, p = 0.019). There was no significant relationship between other nutrition-related parameters and pressure ulcer stage.
Conclusion: Patients with cerebrovascular disease constitute a significant proportion of patients receiving home care services. Low hemoglobin increases the severity of the pressure ulcer. Therefore, determining risk factors that contribute to pressure ulcer formation and efforts to prevent them should be the primary target of the home health care unit.
European private food safety standards in global agri-food supply chains: a systematic review
Authors: Rao Madhura , Bast Aalt , de Boer Alie
Published: April 2021

Private food safety standards have become an important governance mechanism in contemporary food supply chains. While much has been written about private standards from the perspectives of different academic fields, there has never been a dedicated literature review to examine their interaction with global food supply chains. In this systematic review, 45 peer reviewed articles on private food standards, selected through extensive searches in four academic databases are critically appraised. Our analysis reveals that the most studied European private food safety standards are owned by retail conglomerates and therefore place the retail sector in a position of influence in the supply chain. These standards influence supply chain structures, market access, and the efficiency of food safety management systems. They also challenge the traditional relationship shared by actors in the supply chain with public authorities and the World Trade Organization. In the recent years, their scope has expanded to include topical issues such as environmental sustainability, worker safety, and animal welfare. Overall, the review suggests that European private food safety standards alter the operations of modern agri-food supply chains to accommodate consumer wishes while allowing the retail sector to exert its influence without taking on additional legal and economic liability.
Understanding the low use rate of food nutrition information in China
Authors: Guan Lijun , Zhang Yan , Jin Shaosheng , Zhou Lin
Published: April 2021

Based on a survey of 1,225 consumers in 10 cities of five representative provinces, this study was designed to understand the low use rate of food nutrition information in China after a mandatory label policy was instituted in 2013. We found that consumers always neglect nutrition information at point-of-purchase. But they refer to simplified front-of-pack labels more frequently than detailed back-of-pack labels. Fat information is most concerned especially by females; whereas sodium information attracts the least concern. Ignorance, a belief that the information is un-useful are the main cause of the low use rate of nutritional information. Thus, simplified and striking tag formats should be used to capture consumers’ attention and convince them of the importance of nutrition information. The findings can also be used as a guide in the design of food marketing programs directing at different consumer groups for food processors targeting the Chinese market.
Evaluating muscle/joint pains and related factors in patiens with COVID-19
Authors: Eren Fettah , Demir Aysegul , Ozkan Bengu
Published: April 2021

Aim: To investigate the correlation between the clinical characteristics
of myalgia-arthralgia, disease anxiety, and blood parameters in
COVID-19. Methods: Patients diagnosed with COVID-19 via computed
tomography and polymerase chain reaction were included. Disease-related
anxiety was evaluated using the Impact of Event Scale-Revised (IES-R).
Pain character were evaluated using the Pain Quality Assessment Scale.
Laboratory parameters were checked for all patients. The correlation
between clinical and laboratory parameters was examined. Results: The
sample consisted of 70 (42.9%) females and 93 (57.1%) males. The
prevalence of muscle-joint pain was 63.2% (n=103). The most common
pains were back pain (n=52, 50.5%). The pain was mostly temporary,
intense, and dull. It spread locally to sensitive surrounding areas.
Patients with muscle-joint pain were found to have a higher prevalence
and severity of disease anxiety (p <0.05). Those with high
muscle-joint pain and disease anxiety had high CK and low lymphocyte (p
<0.05). Conclusion: Muscle-joint pains are highly frequent in
COVID-19 disease. Pain is most commonly in the back. This pain spreads
locally to sensitive surrounding tissues. Pain severity and frequency
are higher in those with higher disease anxiety. Muscle pain is
particularly associated with low lymphocyte and high CK. What’s known •
It is known that myalgia and fatigue are most common complaints in
COVID-19. • However, the characters of these symptoms has not been
systematically evaluated. • In addition to this, there is no sufficient
data evaluating its relationship with laboratory findings and emotional
state What’s new • Arthralgia and myalgia are very common and spreads
locally to sensitive surrounding tissues, particularly in the back. •
Severity and frequency of pain are higher in patients with more disease
anxiety. • Muscle pain is associated with low levels of lymphocytes and
high levels of creatine kinase.
Assessing the knowledge of endometriosis diagnostic tools in a large, international lay population: an online survey.
Authors: Leonardi Mathew , Rocha Rodrigo , Tun-Ismalil Alia , Robledo Kristy , Armour Mike , Condous George
Published: April 2021

Objective: To assess the general population’s knowledge regarding the
utility and availability of tools to diagnosis endometriosis, with focus
on ultrasound. Design: An international cross-sectional online survey
study was performed between August and October 2019. Setting and
Population: 5301 respondents, representing 73 countries. Methods: 23
questions survey focused on knowledge of endometriosis diagnosis
distributed globally via patient- and community-endometriosis groups
using social media. Main outcomes and measures: Descriptive data of the
knowledge of diagnostic tools for diagnosing endometriosis, including
details about diagnosis using ultrasound. Results: 84.0% of respondents
had been previously diagnosed with endometriosis, 71.5% of which were
diagnosed at the time of surgery. Ultrasound and MRI were the methods of
diagnosis in 6.5% and 1.8%, respectively. 91.8%, 28.8%, and 16.6%
of respondents believed surgery, ultrasound and MRI could diagnose
endometriosis, respectively (more than one answer allowed). In those
diagnosed by surgery, 21.7% knew about ultrasound as a diagnosis method
compared to 51.5% knowing in those diagnosed non-surgically
(p<0.001). 14.7%, 31.1%, and 18.2% stated superficial,
ovarian, and deep endometriosis could be diagnosed with ultrasound
(32.9% stated they did not know which phenotypes of endometriosis could
be diagnosed). 58.4% of respondents do not believe they could access an
advanced ultrasound in their region. Conclusions: There are significant
gaps in the understanding of diagnosing endometriosis using non-surgical
tools in this study population.
Currículo, escola e letramento: o que isso tem a ver com a formação do cidadão?
Authors: Barbosa Ezequiel Ferreira , Müller Maria Candia
Published: April 2021

Este trabalho tem por objetivo apresentar algumas considerações sobre currículo e sua importância para a adoção de uma prática educativa que rompa com velhos paradigmas, tendo em vista que o conceito adotado e praticado nas escolas tem se tornado um empecilho para a realização de um trabalho que leve os alunos a serem agentes da sua própria aprendizagem e, consequentemente, cidadãos conscientes, inseridos num mundo em constante transformação. Aborda ainda a questão do letramento como prática cotidiana nas escolas, tendo como reflexo a formação para o exercício da cidadania. Procura apresentar também que o domínio das habilidades linguísticas é uma condição, sem a qual, a aprendizagem fica comprometida e que essas habilidades, que vão muito além do simples ato codificar e decodificar palavras, é uma tarefa da responsabilidade de todos os professores, não apenas dos de língua materna.
The absolute center of p-groups of maximal class
Authors: Orfi R. , Fouladi S.
Published: April 2021

The purpose of this paper is to determine L(G), the absolute center of the
group G, when G is a p-group of maximal class. Particularly we find L(G) for
metabelian p-groups of maximal class, all p-groups of maximal class of order
less than p6 and p-groups of maximal class for p = 2,3.
Renewable Energy Penetration in Warri Metropolis
Authors: Oyerinde Oyeleke Oluwaseun
Published: April 2021

Energy plays an important role in the economic growth, development and security of any nation. Despite having abundant supply of both renewable and nonrenewable energy resources, Nigeria still experiences acute shortage of energy supply to its populace. Currently, the country depends largely on its fossil fuels derived from the Niger Delta region with attendant negative environmental impacts in the area. It is advocated that a switch to renewable sources will eradicate or at least ameliorate some of the environmental challenges. This study attempts to gauge the feasibility and potential of renewable energy (RE) to become a substitute or at the minimum a significant complement to fossil fuels in Nigeria with focus on Niger Delta. As such, attempt is made to assess the current degree of penetration of RE by measuring the level of awareness and utilization  as well as identifying factors affecting utilization in the region using Warri metropolis as a case study. 232 survey questionnaires was deployed in the four local government areas - Okpe, Udu, Uvwie and Ughelli-North - that makes up the metropolis across households, commercial ventures and industries with 180 retrieved. Results show that awareness is highest among households at 66% and lowest for commercial ventures and industry at 30%. Utilization was generally low at 23% across households while none of the commercial ventures and industries sampled utilizes RE with most citing cost of installation and maintenance viz a viz their power requirement as a major factor. ANOVA shows there is no significant difference in behavior across locations while chi square test affirms that RE utilization is a function of awareness. Outcome points to need for greater awareness campaign and cost reduction of RE technologies.
Gamification Trends in Educational Communications in a Digital Society
Authors:   National Research University of Electronic Technology, Fazylzianova G.I. , Sokolova T.Yu. ,   National Research University of Electronic Technology, Balalov V.V. ,   GBU «Mosstroyinform»
Published: April 2021

The role and degree of influence of the concept of gamification on the transformation of the content and forms of educational communications within the digital society is shown. approach to solving modern educational goals and objectives, building educational communication strategies in the process of continuous development of new ideas and ways of their implementation. Examples of gamification in digital and non-digital forms of education are given. The potential of game mechanics and gamification tools in hybrid forms of education is considered. An example of the mobile application «Kahoot!» - a service for creating and organizing interactive texts, quizzes and polls, created in the framework of gamification.
Effect of Fibre Weight Fraction on the Flexural and Dynamic Mechanical Properties of Arenga Pinnata Fibre and Its Hybrid Composites
Authors: Abdullah Abdul Hakim , Amri Amerul Farhan , Mohd Salleh Farrahshaida , Abdul Halim Nurul Hayati , Tharazi ‪Izdihar
Published: April 2021

The aim of this study is to investigate the influence of fibre weight fraction on flexural and dynamic mechanical properties of Arenga pinnata fibre and its hybrid epoxy composites. In this work, four (4) composites configurations were fabricated using hand lay-out by varying fibre weight ratios between Arenga pinnata (AP) and glass fibre (GF); AP100% - 0%GF, AP70% - 30%GF, AP30% - 70%GF and AP0% - 100%GF, respectively. The flexural modulus indicates that the pure Arenga pinatta composites (AP100%-0%GF) are stronger than both hybrid and pure glass fibre composites (AP0%-100%GF). Increasing fibre weight fraction of glass fibre has resulted lower flexural properties. By dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA), storage modulus of pure Arenga pinnata composites is always higher and have better thermal resistance as compared to the pure glass fibre composites. The result indicates that that Arenga pinatta fibre reinforced with epoxy composites have a great opportunity similar to that glass fibres composites counterpart in engineering application.
V.Nabokovʼs King, Queen, Knave: Love Story from the Life of Mannequins or a Novel about the Mysteries of Writing?
Authors:   Lomonosov Moscow State University, Zlochevskaya Alla
Published: April 2021

This article is devoted to the analysis of the formal content structure V. Nabokov / Sirin’s second novel “King, Queen, Knave” (1928). The “realistic” narration about adultery is here сlosely connected with metaphysical themes and the features of game poetics. The theme of mannequins, dolls and maps is interpreted here in a quite new way. It is shown that, contrary to popular belief, not the figures of mannequins and dolls highlight the images of the characters, their soulless and mechanistic, but, conversely, the novel “King, Queen, Knave” shows how the blanks of literary heroes types, with a wave of the Author’s magic wand, turn into real people. From the stereotypical figures of the triangle husband – wife – lover and the banal plot about adultery, V. Sirin created a fresh and unusual story with non-standard and accurately drawn characters, with a non-trivial structure of the plot and original narrative models. From the sketchy narrative of adultery, the true dominant theme of the novel emerges – the revival of the inanimate, the creation of the “living life” of a literary text. In every episode, in every moment of the narrative, in every plot course, the Author emphasizes his dominant, organizing and creating role. The law of the Author’s willfulness dominates over the eventual field of the novel and forms game poetics of the novel. The elements of the game and the chance reign here and control the logic of the plot development, the atmosphere is created by the card name, the crazy old man-illusionist, various models of sports games (tennis, mountain skiing, sports equipment store, etc.) and children’s (dolls), dressing up and carnival masks, etc. The Author, in the face of chance / or fate, throws trick-mirages (a pistol that turned out to be a lighter, etc.) to the heroes, and then brutally exposes them; organizes driving rain or sends deadly disease. From the game in the play quite naturally emerge two Russians – the “representatives” of the Author in the text.
HUBUNGAN DUKUNGAN KELUARGA DENGAN MOTIVASI MENJALANI FISIOTERAPI PADA PASIEN PASCA STROKE DI POLI SYARAF DAN FISIOTERAPI RSUD DR. HARDJONO PONOROGO
Authors: Cahyono Satrio Dwi , Ernawati Hery , Nasriati Ririn
Published: April 2021

Peran keluarga sangat penting dalam tahap-tahap perawatan kesehatan, mulai dari tahapan peningkatan kesehatan, pencegahan, pengobatan, sampai dengan rehabilitasi. Kesibukan keluarga membuat dukungan terhadap pasien stroke dalam masa penyembuhan berkurang terutama motivasi yang rendah menjalani fisioterapi, sehingga pasien stroke merasa berduka karena orang terdekat tidak bersedia membantu penyembuhan. Penyakit stroke membuat pasien merasa cacat, citra diri terganggu, tidak mampu, jelek, memalukan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan dukungan keluarga dengan motivasi melakukan fisioterapi pada pasien stroke. Desain penelitian ini adalah korelasi dengan pendekatan cross sectional. Populasi pasien stroke Di Poli  Syaraf dan Fisioterapi RSUD Dr. Hardjono Ponorogo pada bulan Januari sampai Juli tahun 2020 sebanyak 2029 pasien dengan rata-rata perbulan 290 pasien dengan besar sampel sejumlah 58 responden. Sampling menggunakan Purposive Sampling. Teknis pengumpulan data menggunakan kuesioner dan dianalisis menggunakan Uji Chi Square Signifikasi α 0,05. Hasil penelitian pada variabel dukungan keluarga kepada pasien stroke sebagian besar 37 responden (63,8%) dukungan keluarga positif. Pada variabel motivasi menjalani fisioterapi sebagian besar 35 responden (60,3%) motivasi tinggi. Berdasarkan uji statistik Chi-Square diperoleh value = 0,000 lebih kecil dari α=0,05 artinya Ho ditolak berarti ada hubungan dukungan keluarga dengan motivasi menjalani fisioterapi pada pasien pasca stroke.Berdasarkan hasil penelitian disimpulkan ada hubungan dukungan keluarga dengan motivasi menjalani fisioterapi pasien pasca stroke, semakin rendah dukungan keluarga maka semakin rendah motivasi menjalani fisioterapi dan sebaliknya maka peneliti menyarankan pada pihak rumah sakit sebagai fasilitas kesehatan masyarakat dengan memasang gambar atau banner tentang pentingnya dukungan keluarga dan fisioterapi stroke.
Karakteristik Mikroemulsi a-Tokoferol pada Perbandingan Campuran Tiga Surfaktan Nonionik dan Lama Pengadukan
Authors: Sucitawati Putu Ayu , Suhendra Lutfi , Ganda Putra G. P.
Published: April 2021

Microemulsions have thermodynamics and stable kinetics as carriers of ?-tocopherol compounds. This study aimed to know the effect of mixtures ratio of three nonionic surfactants and stiring time on the characteristics of ?-tocopherol microemulsion, as well as to obtain the best stiring time and mixture ratio of three nonionic surfactants to produce ?-tocopherol microemulsion. This experiment used a randomized block design with two factors. The first factor is the ratio of a mixture of three nonionic surfactants with Hydrophilic-Lipophilic Balance (HLB) 14.5. The second factor is stirring time. Data were analyzed using analysis of variance and continued with BNJ test. Test the effectiveness index to determine the best treatment. The results showed that the comparison of three surfactant mixtures, stirring duration and interaction between treatments significantly affected the characteristics of ?-tocopherol microemulsion. Comparison of the mixture of three surfactants Tween 80: Span 80: Tween 20 (v / v%) HLB 14.5 consisting of F2 (89,5 : 5,5 : 5) and 4 minutes stirring time is the best treatment for the characteristics of ?-Tocopherol microemulsion. The best treatment has the characteristics of ?-tocopherol microemulsions namely transparent appearance, stable to centrifugation (4500 rpm), pH (4.5; 5.5 and 6.5) and dilution (1: 9, 1:49 and 1:99) with Turbidity index values ??are below 1 percent. Microemulsion turbidity index values ??before and after centrifugation were 0.19 percent and microemulsion turbidity at pH 4.5 and 1: 9 dilution were 0.11 percent.

Keywords: microemulsion, stirring time, surfactan non ionic, ?-Tocoferol
Kandungan Senyawa Bioaktif Teh Herbal Daun Kenikir (Cosmos caudatus Kunth.) pada Perlakuan Suhu Pengeringan dan Ukuran Partikel
Authors: Indriyani Luh Kurnia Dwi , Wrasiati Luh Putu , Suhendra Lutfi
Published: April 2021

Kenikir is a plant easily found in Indonesia. Kenikir leaves contain high levels of antioxidants, phenols, flavonoids, and vitamin C that kenikir leaves can be used as tea. This study aims to determine the effect of drying temperature and particle size on the content of bioactive compound in kenikir herbal tea and to determine the right drying temperature and particle size in order to produce the best characteristics of kenikir herbal tea. This experiment used a group factorial randomized design with two factors. The first factor was drying temperature which consisted of 50 ± 2 °C, 60 ± 2 °C, and 70 ± 2 °C. The second factor was the particle size consisted of 40, 60, and 80 mesh. The variables observed in this study were total phenols, total flavonoids, vitamin C and antioxidants. The data obtained were analyzed by analysis of variation (ANOVA) and analysis with real difference test (tukey) using Minitab 16 software. The results showed that the interaction between drying temperature and particle size had a very significant effect on total phenolics, total flavonoids, total vitamin C and antioxidant activity of kenikir herbal tea. The best treatment to produce kenikir leaf herbal tea was at a drying temperature of 70 ° C and a particle size of 80 mesh, with characteristics total phenol of 83.85 ± 0.12 mg GAE / g, total flavonoids of 7.25 ± 0.12 mg QAE / g, vitamin C 2.05 ± 027 mg / g and antioxidant activity (IC50) of 157.87 ± 0.08 ppm.

Keywords : bioaktives compound ,drying temperature, kenikir herbal tea , size reduction
CHRISTMAS READINGS-2021: TOPICS AND PROBLEMS OF THE SCIENTIFIC FORUM
Authors:   KSPU named after V.P. Astafiev, Bukal I.S.
Published: April 2021

The article provides an overview of the history, socio-cultural traditions, conceptual content and research prospects of the largest scientific and practical conference of the Krasnoyarsk Territory - Krasnoyarsk Regional Christmas Educational Readings (Krasnoyarsk, January 2021). The article contains a thesis description of the reports presented in the framework of the thematic section "Church and Culture", as well as substantiation of the relevance of the research papers presented by the authors in the context of the prospects for the development of the religious and public forum under consideration.
Predicting Video Game Addiction: The Effects of Composite Regulatory Focus and Interpersonal Competence Among Indonesian Teenagers During COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Nugraha Yudhi Purwa , Awalya Awalya , Mulawarman Mulawarman
Published: April 2021

Video game addiction is recognized as a mental health problem caused by uncontrolled access to video gaming platforms. Proper assistance and counseling programs based on the addiction causing factors are required to reduce the tendencies of video game addiction. The study aims to identify the correlation between regulatory focus theory and interpersonal competence towards the tendencies of video game addiction. The study is a type of cross-sectional research with the adapted psychological scales. A total of 136 teenagers, consisting of 86 males and 50 females participated in the survey of self-reported video game addiction. The data were analyzed using multiple regression analysis. The findings revealed that regulatory focus and interpersonal competence simultaneously had a significant effect on the tendencies of video game addiction behavior. The findings of the study can provide the basis to provide proper assistance services, in an attempt to reduce the tendencies of video game addiction among teenagers.