bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Deformation of layered soil
Authors: Belmas Ivan , Trikilo Alik , Bilous Olena , Tantsura Hanna , Fesan Oleksandr
Published: June 2024

One of the consequences of the aggression of the russian federation in Ukraine is a change in the properties of the surface layers of some regions of the soil. Construction of structures in such areas must be carried out considering the above. In order to create prerequisites for taking into account the artificially created layering of the soil, an algorithm for analytical determination of the stress-strain state of a two-layered soil was developed in a linear setting within the limits of plane deformation. Layers are considered as linear elastic bodies of limited dimensions in the plan. The algorithm is based on the Ery stress function with arbitrary coefficients, on the dependence of the indicators of the stress-strain state of the soil layers on it and on the mechanical indicators of the material of the layers, the thickness of the artificially formed surface layer. The algorithm provides for the formulation of the load conditions by the normally distributed force of part of the soil surface, the conditions of the interaction of the layers, and the unlimited thickness of the main soil layer.The listed conditions and features of the layers constitute a system of linear algebraic equations. The solution of the system of levels provides an opportunity to determine the coefficients of the stress function and, accordingly, to determine the indicators of the stress-strain state of the two-layer soil support. The generalization of the results, carried out by planning the experiment for the selected limits of possible realizations of the mechanical properties of the soil layers, allows for determining the deflections of the surfaces of the layers depending on individual factors.The following is established. The characteristics of the dependences of the deflections of the layer surfaces on other parameters are similar. Maximum deflections decrease with increasing surface layer thickness. Deflections of the interaction surface of the soil layers are linearly dependent on the Poisson ratio of the main soil layer and decrease as the ratio increases. The results obtained within the limits of the linear formulation can be considered sufficiently reliable because they are obtained analytically and generalized by the methods of the linear theory of elasticity and the method of planning the experiment.
Belt conveyor starting mode optimization
Authors: Loveikin Viacheslav , Romasevich Yurii , Kulpin Ruslan , Pochka Kostiantyn
Published: June 2024

The work is aimed at increasing the efficiency of belt conveyors by choosing the drive mechanism movement mode.
During the operation of belt conveyors, significant energy and dynamic loads occur in the elements of the drive mechanism and traction body. The available loads significantly affect the energy losses and the reliability of the drive mechanism and the traction body. Energy and dynamic loads during transient processes (starting, braking, changing speed or performance and emergency stop) are especially dangerous. At this moment, high-frequency oscillations of both the traction body and the drive elements arise. With such fluctuations in the traction body (belt) of the conveyor, significant breaking forces arise, which create additional unwanted stresses in it and, as a result, contribute to premature destruction. In addition, the stator and rotor windings of the electric motor are heated, which accelerates their wear and failure.
In order to reduce dynamic loads, it is proposed to optimize the movement mode of the drive mechanism. For this purpose, the conveyor is presented in the form of a three-mass dynamic model, based on which a mathematical model was created. From the conducted dynamic analysis of the belt conveyor, it was established that during the start-up process, significant power and energy overloads occur in the elements of the drive and the traction body, which depend on the driving force of the drive. In addition, high-frequency oscillations of the tape are observed. Since the undesirable properties of the belt conveyor largely depend on the magnitude of the driving force of the drive, it should form the basis of the optimization criterion. In addition, the driving force of the drive must be reflected in the optimization criterion during the entire movement process, that is, the optimization criterion must be presented in an integral form. To eliminate the possible compensation of negative and positive values of the driving force on the conveyor, the latter should be represented in the integral criterion in quadratic form. Therefore, the rms value of the driving force of the drive during the start-up time was chosen as the criterion for optimizing the motion mode of the belt conveyor.
Optimization of the conveyor movement mode was carried out by minimizing the integral dynamic criterion. As a result of the optimization, the start-up mode of the belt conveyor was determined, which minimizes the effect of dynamic loads. This start-up mode makes it possible to increase the reliability of the conveyor and reduce the energy consumption of the drive.
Methodological basis of BIM-analysis of damage and assessment of impacts, consequences, resources for restoration of buildings and structures
Authors: Prusov Dmytro , Makatora Dmytro , Kubanov Ruslan
Published: June 2024

The methodological basis of the BIM-analysis of damage and assessment of impacts, consequences, resources for the restoration of buildings and structures is the basis of the methodological foundation that provides a holistic approach to the planning and development of the territory, including multifactorial aspects. There is a need to study the components of damage assessment of buildings (structures) and to develop a systematic method of their diagnosis on a damaged object in order to achieve efficiency in making a decision on reconstruction or the impracticality of restoration depending on the generalized coefficient of destruction. The task of the research consists in the development of a step-by-step assessment algorithm - a method of systematic assessment of damage to buildings and structures based on the application of the generalized Harrington function as a tool for determining the level of technology development, using a system of indicators, the normative values and weight of which are established by certified civil engineers under the condition of substantiation, regarding feasibility reconstruction or impracticality of restoration. The developed methodology for assessing damage to buildings and structures consists of a number of interconnected sequential stages aimed at obtaining a quantitative and qualitative assessment, choosing a comprehensive strategy for assessing buildings and structures.
To achieve the specified goal, it is proposed to develop a methodological basis for the BIM analysis of damage and assessment of the effects, consequences, resources for the restoration of buildings and structures, which can be the basis for performing construction and technical examinations, which is the determination of the technical condition of the object of examination and the causes of its damage and destruction , in four stages: planning, diagnosis, implementation, control. The given technique will help to make this process more organized and efficient, and its implementation in information modeling can provide a technical opportunity to move from the traditional process of information management to the creation of expert models to optimize key project indicators based on reliable, consistent data, contributing to the creation of the necessary conditions for further transition to the principles of managing the assessment of impacts, consequences, resources for restoration, and the subsequent life cycle of construction objects.
Patience, Belief in a Just World and Emotion Regulation in Mothers of Toddlers
Authors: Basharat Fatima , Fatima Iram , Yousaf Kainaat
Published: June 2024

A correlational study was conducted to examine the relationship between patience, personal belief in a just world and emotion regulation among mothers of toddlers. Using a cross-sectional design, we employed non-probability purposive sampling strategy to recruit mothers (N = 100) of two to four years old children. It was hypothesized that patience and personal belief in a just world would positively predict emotion regulation. It was also expected that personal belief in a just world would moderate the relationship between patience and emotion regulation. Data was collected using the Patience Scale (Fatima & Hafeez, 2013), the Personal Belief in a Just World Scale (Dalbert, 1999), and the Emotion Regulation Questionnaire (Gross & John, 2003). Data was analysed using SPSS version 23. Findings revealed that patience and personal belief in a just world were positively related to emotion regulation. It was also observed that only patience positively predicted emotion regulation. However, the relationship between patience and emotion regulation was not moderated by personal belief in just world. This study had implications for understanding the psychological resources important for emotion regulation while parenting in Pakistani cultural context.
Epidemiology and Molecular Confirmation of E. coli Isolated from Diseased Fish in Muzaffargarh, Punjab, Pakistan
Authors: Hassan Ahmad , Ali Shahzad
Published: June 2024

Background Fish is an important source of protein and vitamins, such as vitamin D and B2 (riboflavin) for human beings. However, they are plagued with a variety of disease-causing pathogens, resulting in significant economic losses. Among these pathogens, Escherichia (E.) coli are prominent, worldwide. This study aimed to conduct epidemiological surveillance and identification of E. coli strains isolated from diseased fish in District Muzaffargarh, Punjab, Pakistan.
Methodology A total of fifty (50) diseased fish samples were collected from various fish farms in the district. The isolation process involved enriching the samples in nutrient broth and incubating them at 37°C for 24 hours. After enrichment, the samples were inoculated on MacConkey agar and incubated again at 37°C for 24 hours. Following incubation, Gram staining was performed to identify E. coli and confirm its presence. These isolates were subjected to PCR using the uspA gene for confirmation.
Results Among fish diseases, Hemorrhagic septicemia was reported to have the highest prevalence (22%), while 12% of fish samples were infected with abdominal dropsy and fin rot. In total, six (06) E. coli isolates were obtained from five different diseased fish samples and confirmed by PCR-based detection of uspA gene.
Conclusion The current study found a link between disease-affected fish and naturally occurring E. coli, with molecular confirmation using the uspA gene. Effective management of soil, stock, water, nutrition, and environment is crucial to control losses caused by E. coli as opportunistic fish pathogens and spoilage agents.
Protective Effect of Commonly Used Foods and Natural Products against COVID-19
Authors: Mustafa Faheem , Ali Waffa , Noor Remesah , Talat Aiza , Maqsood Mahnoor , Tahir Hafsa , Zeeshan Mouvez , Umar Rabiatul Adawiyah Binti , Krishnasamy Shanthi , Taib Wan Rohani Wan , Baig Atif Amin
Published: June 2024

COVID-19 caused by the SARS-COV-2 virus has swiftly turned into a pandemic, leading to an ongoing health crisis worldwide. This disease has a zoonotic origin, and its symptoms range from asymptomatic, mild to severe, potentially leading to death.  Given its pandemic nature, researchers around the world have expedited efforts to find the treatment. While synthetic drugs have been developed for treatment, their efficacy is still under evaluation, and their side effect is the primary concern. This situation necessitates the need to explore treatment options that are not only effective but also safe. Natural products could help COVID-19 prevention and treatment given their historical role in the treatment of other viruses such as HIV, MERS-CoV, and influenza. This study aims to evaluate the potential role of natural products against COVID-19, their mechanisms of action, and previous use against other viruses. This study aims to evaluate the potential role of natural products against COVID-19, their mechanisms of action, and previous use against other viruses.  The comprehensive review focuses on natural products such as ginger, garlic, clove, black pepper, red pepper, black seeds, honey, turmeric, onion, ginseng, and thyme. The findings aim to contribute valuable insights to the development of anti-COVID-19 natural products.
Analysis of Cannabis and its Products in the Context Forensic Science
Authors: Kuchynska Iryna
Published: June 2024

Legalization of low-tetrahydrocannabinol-high-cannabidiol cannabis plants is gaining momentum due to growing demand for these products. In some countries, the testing of cannabis and products containing it is a legal requirement: cannabis is identified, the amount of tetrahydrocannabinol or cannabidiol and their precursor acids is assessed. Current research requires more sensitive and reliable analytical methods for accurate identification and quantification of cannabis components. This article purpose is to review the latest advances in the scientific literature on the isolation and analysis of cannabis and cannabis-containing products in the context of forensic science. Research methods included analysis of information on this topic using search engines, including Google, Google Scholar, Web of Science, PubMed, and ScienceDirect. Search requests took into account scientific, analytical and statistical reports in the field of forensic research. Since the forensic expert must be well-versed in modern trends in the analysis of prohibited substances and use the latest data from the analytical and forensic literature in his work, such information will help them choose research methods, taking into account the actual resources and equipment of forensic laboratories. According to the article purpose, advantages and disadvantages of existing methods of extraction and analysis of objects containing cannabis for identification, quantification, profiling and age estimation of cannabis are considered.
Initial Stage of Deliberate Murder Investigation Motivated by Racial, National or Religious Intolerance
Authors: Kazarian Eluchka
Published: June 2024

The Article Purpose is to specify peculiarities of the initial investigation stage of deliberate murder motivated by racial, national or religious intolerance. To fulfil this goal, the author uses general scientific and special research methods: analysis, synthesis; formal-logical; logical-legal; legal analysis. The author studies into peculiarities of the initial investigation stage of deliberate murder driven by racial, national or religious intolerance. Emphasis is made on the importance of identifying typical investigative situations at the initial investigation stage, where specific investigative (detective) actions are taken to collect information, identify signs of a crime and develop investigative leads. At this investigation stage, forensic experts solve specific tasks, assess investigative situation, identify sources of information, determine investigation direction, plan interaction with operational agencies, and collect information about crime circumstances, the victim, and the suspect. The author notes the difficulty of determining the motive of intolerance at the initial stage and the possibility of changing criminal law qualification in the course of pre-trial investigation. The paper highlights the necessity for thorough investigation at the initial stage, especially during the development of forensic methodology, to distinguish murders based on intolerance from other types of murders. It has been established that urgent investigative (search) actions at this stage are: inspecting crime scene, interrogating witnesses, and appointing and conducting forensic examinations. Classification of investigative situations based on the sources of initiation of pre-trial investigation and information components serves as the basis for efficient investigation planning.
Criminal Investigation Methods According to Hans Gross: Past and Present
Authors: Starushkevych Anatolii
Published: June 2024

The primary concerns of this paper are to determine the role of the methods proposed by H. Gross during the formation and development of criminalistics and to prove their relevance today. To fulfil this goal, methods of scientific cognition have been applied: observation, comparison, abstraction, analysis, synthesis, modeling, etc. The contribution made by H. Gross to establishing criminalistics as a science has been demonstrated. Emphasis is placed on two methods he proposed for investigating crimes: setting a moment of firm conviction about case circumstances (the investigator’s impartial attitude to the information received at the beginning of an investigation) and graphic tables (visualization of relevant forensic information). From these methods, the following conclusions have been drawn: crime investigation involves the use of specific actions and techniques; the investigator must approach the information received during the investigation impartially; at the beginning of alleged crime investigation, one should not rush to conclusions; they should be developed as the truth is clarified; the investigator may involve other experts (well-versed assistants); the basis of crime investigation methods is the step-by-step execution of the algorithm of actions. After implementing each subsequent stage (step), the investigator should summarize received results (preferably in written, tabular [visual] form). It has been argued that the methods proposed by H. Gross are still relevant today due to the prospects of developing a modern applied scientific area (forensic technologies ensuring visualization in a criminal proceeding) and certain issues of unbiased analysis of relevant forensic information by investigators at the initial stage of investigating crimes.
Chemical Composition And Biological Activity Of Secondary Metabolites From Cuscuta Campestris
Authors: Chiriapkin A.S. , Zolotykh D.S. , Kodonidi I.P. , Glushko A.A. , Shcherbakova L.I.
Published: June 2024

The review summarizes the literature data on the chemical composition and types of biological activity of extracts of Cuscuta campestris Yunck (field dodder), which belongs to the Convolvulaceae family. C. campestris is an aboveground parasite. Its stems wrap around the host plants and are attached to them by gaustoria, which are formed in places of contact with the feeding plant and deeply embedded in its tissue. On the territory of the Russian Federation, there are more than 30 types of dodders. Extracts of C. campestris are used in traditional medicine in South Asia, but the plant is not used as an object of biologically active compounds in Russia. It is worth noting that in recent years, studies of the pharmacological properties of C. campestris have intensified, which made it possible to establish the presence of a wide range of biological activity in the plant. For instance, the cures of field dodder exert anti-inflammatory, tranquilizing, antitumor, antipyretic, antioxidant, cerebroprotective, antifungal, antiviral, analgesic, and hepatoprotective effects. In the case of isolation of the major components of C. campestris extracts, it seemed possible to assume the importance of certain substances in the realization of their pharmacological activity, which is discussed in this review. Sugars and sugar acids, sex pheromones, tannins, carotenoids, amino acids, fatty acids and their esters, polyphenols (including flavonoids), coumarins, triterpenoids, vitamins, furans, pyrans and lactones were identified among the secondary metabolites. Due to the fact that the plant in question is widely represented on the territory of the Russian Federation and it is affordable, C. campestris is a promising object of research for the creation of new effective medicines based on it.
Bioremediation of Liquid Waste of Olive Presses (Al-Jeft water) by Using the Biomass of the Local Isolate of The Fungus Helvella bachu
Authors: Al-rawi Jehaan Mowafak , Shimal Younis Abdul-hadi
Published: June 2024

The study included investigating the potential of the biomass of the local isolate of the fungus Helvella bachu in bioremediation of the liquid waste of olive presses (Jeft water) at two concentrations of 10%-20%. The mycelium was inoculated on solid media treated with olive press water, with concentrations of 10% and 20%, for several incubation days 2, 4, and 6, respectively.  We observed that the diameter of the fungal colony is directly proportional to the increase in the incubation period, as the largest diameter of the fungal colony was 13.56 mm and 11.46 mm after 6 days of incubation at a concentration of 10% and 20% of Jeft water, respectively, compared to the diameter of the fungal colony growing in untreated medium, which it reached 15 mm, while the least diameter of the fungal colony was 6.00 and 5.36 mm at a concentration of 10% and 20% of Jeft water, respectively, after two days of incubation compared to the control sample. As for using liquid media, the results revealed a decrease in the total phenol concentration, reaching 2.14 mg / 100 g after 30 days of treatment with a concentration of 20% of Jeft water, compared to the control treatment of 23.58 mg / 100. The percentage of black color removal was 64.39% at a concentration of 10% and an incubation period of 30 days, while at a concentration of 20%, the percentage of color removal was 49.53% and 42.10% after 30 days of incubation. The biomass of the fungus isolate was able to reduce the chemical oxygen demand in both concentrations of  Jeft water used with different responses. The percentage of chemical oxygen requirement was 65.83% at a concentration of 10% of Jeft water after 30 days of treatment, while the percentage of COD was 8.08% at a concentration of 20% for the same incubation period above.
Comparison of Ensemble Method Performance in Classifying Blood Sugar Levels Output from Non-Invasive Device
Authors: Alfi Indah Nurrizqi  , Erfiani  , Agus Mohamad Soleh
Published: June 2024

Diabetes Mellitus (DM) is a persistent health issue in many countries and is a leading cause of heart disease, kidney failure, and blindness The International Diabetes Federation (IDF) estimated in 2019 that at least 463 million people worldwide aged 20-79 suffer from diabetes. This number is expected to rise to 578 million by 2030 and 700 million by 2045. Machine learning is a type of machine learning that is very helpful in various fields, including healthcare. In classification cases, ensemble methods classify by combining decisions from several other models, one way being through majority voting. Ensemble methods often produce more accurate classification or prediction results. Several ensemble methods include random forest, extra trees, rotation forest, and double random forest. The data used in this study is part of research on the development and clinical testing of a prototype non-invasive blood glucose monitoring device by the non-invasive biomarking team at IPB. The data includes both invasive and non-invasive blood glucose measurements collected in 2019. This study compares the performance of the random forest, extra trees, rotation forest, and double random forest models on blood glucose level data obtained from non-invasive devices. The research results show that the Rotation Forest algorithm is the best model, with the highest average accuracy compared to the other three algorithms, achieving an accuracy level of 0.7142857 (71.42%).
БУХГАЛТЕРСЬКА ІНФОРМАЦІЙНА СИСТЕМА: ЗМІСТ І СТРУКТУРА
Authors: Кучеренко Тамара , Оляднічук Наталія , Крачок Людмила
Published: June 2024

У статті обґрунтовано потребу дослідження змісту та структури бухгалтерської інформаційної системи як певної наукової теорії. Проаналізовано та систематизовано існуючі в науковій літературі підходи зарубіжних і вітчизняних науковців до розуміння сутності і значення сучасної бухгалтерської інформаційної системи. Визначено мету, особливості формування й структуру бухгалтерської інформаційної системи. Запропоновано авторське визначення поняття «бухгалтерська інформаційна система», під якою розуміється множина взаємопов’язаних елементів, принципів, правил, процедур, що використовуються в процесі формування бухгалтерської інформації, утворюють єдине ціле, взаємодіють із зовнішнім і внутрішнім середовищем та між собою, та відповідають потребам соціально-економічного розвитку суспільства.
POSSIBILITIES OF APPLYING INDIVIDUAL IFRS PROVISIONS FOR ACCOUNTING DIGITAL ASSETS
Authors: Skoryk Maryna , Kovalchuk Inna
Published: June 2024

Digital assets are becoming increasingly popular and useful as technological advancements integrate into our personal and professional lives. Data, images, videos, written content, and much more have long been considered digital assets with property rights. Most digital assets, such as a company's brand, can be assigned a value (worth), whether monetary or intangible. Some digital items may only be valuable to the creator or an individual, for example, a family photo on your phone. Others may be valuable to a wider audience. In the past, digital assets, such as data or scanned documents, belonged to organizations and were used to realize their utility. However, when blockchain and cryptocurrency were introduced to the public in 2009, digital assets gained new life and purpose. Everything in digital form became something that could be used to create value in the form of tokenization on the blockchain. The heightened interest in digital assets has led to the need to understand their place among an organization's assets, in developing approaches to formalizing the term "digital assets," options for their assessment, and the methodology of accounting and presentation in financial reporting. The attempt to address the aforementioned issues is the focus of the proposed research.
ТЕОРЕТИКО-МЕТОДИЧНІ ПІДХОДИ ДО СУТНОСТІ ПОДАТКОВИХ РИЗИКІВ ТА ЇХ КЛАСИФІКАЦІЇ
Authors: Таращенко В.А.
Published: June 2024

У статті досліджено підходи до розуміння сутності податкових ризиків та виокремлено їх суттєві ознаки, проаналізовано підходи до класифікації податкових ризиків та надано пропозиції щодо її удосконалення. Аналіз підходів до розуміння сутності податкових ризиків надав змогу дійти висновку, що податковий ризик – це ймовірність зменшення податкових надходжень до бюджету, зумовлена невизначеністю умов та кінцевого результату діяльності суб’єктів податкових правовідносин. Результати дослідження сучасних сформульованих класифікацій податкових ризиків вказали на необхідність їх розширення за ознакою належності. За вказаною ознакою податкові ризики можуть бути характерними, спільними та взаємозумовленими. Врахування даних ризиків дозволить покращити податкове прогнозування та податкове планування, підвищити якість моніторингу податкових ризиків та можливість управління ними.
КЛАСИФІКАЦІЯ ОСНОВНИХ ЗАСОБІВ ПІДПРИЄМСТВ СУСПІЛЬНОГО ІНТЕРЕСУ
Authors: Шацков В.В.
Published: June 2024

У статті досліджено трактування дефініції «підприємства суспільного інтересу» в національних та міжнародних нормативних документах з бухгалтерського обліку та аудиту. Зроблено огляд визначення терміну «підприємства суспільного інтересу» у країнах Європи та виділено інші суб’єкти суспільного інтересу, що визначаються на національному рівні. Досліджено визначення основних засобів за міжнародними стандартами бухгалтерського обліку та зроблено порівняння з національними стандартами. Розглянуто та враховано особливості екологічних та соціальних основних засобів. Розроблена класифікація основних засобів підприємств суспільного інтересу за такими ознаками: формою появи, групами, моделлю оцінки, перенесенням вартості, характером експлуатації, рівнем агрегування, шляхом отримання вигоди від використання, метою формування інтегрованої звітності, необхідністю поліпшення.
ОСОБЛИВОСТІ ФІНАНСОВИХ ІНСТРУМЕНТІВ НЕБАНКІВСЬКИХ УСТАНОВ В УКРАЇНІ
Authors: Деревко Ю.О.
Published: June 2024

У статті розглядаються особливості використання фінансових інструментів сектором небанківських установ в Україні, а також можливості подальшого розвитку цього сектору в складі фінансової системи. Метою дослідження є визначення особливостей та ефективності використання таких фінансових інструментів, їх вплив на розвиток економіки України, її стабільність. Методологія дослідження охоплює аналіз сектору небанківських установ як фінансової підсистеми, досліджено законодавчі акти, здійснено огляд наукових досліджень, публікацій та інших джерел, що стосуються розвитку небанківських установ і фінансових інструментів, якими українські установи користуються. Результати дослідження показують, що фінансові інструменти вітчизняних небанківських установ мають певні недоліки їх використання, порівняно з міжнародним досвідом. Додатковим викликом функціонуванню фінансових інструментів є вплив повномасштабної війни на території України.
ОБҐРУНТУВАННЯ ДОСТЕМЕННОСТІ ЗНАННЯ У СВІТЛІ НАУКОВОГО ПЛЮРАЛІЗМУ: МЕТОДОЛОГІЧНИЙ АСПЕКТ
Authors: ЛЕГКУН Тетяна
Published: June 2024

Розвиток природознавства, насамперед квантової механіки (принцип відповідності, принцип доповнюваності), підводить до думки, що вторгнення суб’єкта неминуче, що структура знання повинна включати його історію. Дійсно, пізнавальне мислення, в тому числі й у його науковій формі, завжди має місце в будь-яку епоху, але не завжди є домінуючим. Це спостерігаємо в XX столітті. У часі класична наука поступається місцем некласичній науці, яка завойовує все більше простору у свідомості. Але це два типи наукового мислення, які мають однакове право на існування. Наукова революція XX століття не зруйнувала попереднє знання і способи його здобуття, залишивши разом у повній цілості класичну науку, а постнекласична наука формується з урахуванням надбань некласичної, поряд із нею. Звідси і постає проблема плюралізму в науці, в типах наукової раціональності. Також у зв’язку з привертанням уваги до суб’єктного полюса пізнання суттєво трансформується поняття соціальності науки, воно розуміється вже не як дія зовнішніх чинників, а як контекст культури, як діалогічне спілкування фундаментальних наукових теорій-парадигм, як соціальна структура науки, сукупність соціальних відносин у рамках наукового співтовариства. Межа між соціальним і логічним перестає бути межею між наукою і не наукою, вона переміщається вже у сферу самої науки, більш того, в межі наукового знання.
ПІДГОТОВКА ПЕДАГОГІВ ДО РОЗВИТКУ ГРОМАДЯНСЬКИХ КОМПЕТЕНТНОСТЕЙ ЗДОБУВАЧІВ ОСВІТИ ПІД ЧАС ПІДВИЩЕННЯ КВАЛІФІКАЦІЇ
Authors: ШВИДУН Віктор , ШВИДУН Людмила
Published: June 2024

У цій статті представлене якісне дослідження підготовки педагогів до формування та розвитку громадянських компетентностей здобувачів освіти у контексті модернізації системи освіти України та реалізації основних положень нормативних документів Міністерства освіти і науки України. Здійснено порівняльний аналіз ключових компетентностей, визначених на території ЄС («Рамкова програма оновлених ключових компетентностей для навчання протягом життя») та в Україні («Нова українська школа. Концептуальні засади реформування середньої школи»), проаналізовано підходи вчених до трактування поняття «громадянська компетентність». Акцентовано увагу на необхідності підготовки педагогів до формування та розвитку громадянської компетентності здобувачів освіти, зокрема, під час підвищення кваліфікації педагогічних працівників, визначено пріоритетні види діяльності у даному аспекті. Наголошено на доцільності розвитку у здобувачів освіти їхніх особистих якостей як під час уроків суспільно-гуманітарного циклу, так і під час вивчення інших предметів, а також у позаурочний час – через виконання індивідуальних чи групових проєктів, тематичних заходів, використання інтерактивних, ігрових технологій тощо.
ЛІНГВІСТИЧНІ ОСОБЛИВОСТІ АНГЛОМОВНОГО МЕДІАКОНТЕНТУ ПРО СТАН ІНДУСТРІЇ ГОСТИННОСТІ
Authors: Матусяк Г. І.
Published: June 2024

Мета дослідження – визначити особливості емотивності на лексичному й синтаксичному рівнях у текстах медіановин на матеріалі англомовного ресурсу “Sprudge”, що висвітлює функціонування підприємств, які займаються виробництвом і переробкою кави, а також закладів індустрії гостинності, що реалізують кавову продукцію. Актуальність теми полягає в тому, що наявні публікації, у яких розглядають питання емотивної лексики й синтаксису, здебільшого стосуються творів художньої літератури, тоді як специфіка емотивності в текстах медіа новин, зокрема тих, що висвітлюють стан індустрії гостинності, лишається без належної уваги. Для досягнення поставленої мети було використано методи комплексного та компонентного аналізів. Використані в текстах новин емотивні одиниці свідчать про досить високий рівень стандартизації, що виявляється у багаторазовому повторенні обмеженого набору лексичних одиниць на позначення того чи іншого емоційного стану. З точки зору репрезентативності за частинами мови найбільшу групу емотивної лексики становлять прикметники, яким дещо поступаються за чисельністю іменники. За всіма частинами мови групи позитивної емотивної лексики значно чисельніші за складом, ніж групи негативних емотивних одиниць, причому вони переважно трапляються в новинах, пов’язаних із COVID-19. Аналіз контенту англомовного сайту “Sprudge” уможливив виокремлення синтаксичних одиниць із маркерами емоційності й групування їх за типами конструкцій: питальні речення загалом і риторичні питання зокрема (неповні речення, питально-стверджувальні моделі, градація), окличні речення, повтори, парцельовані конструкції та вставні слова. Виявлені емотивні конструкції переважно корелюють із позитивними емоціями радості, любові, задоволення, проте іноді трапляються синтаксичні засоби вираження схвильованості, розгубленості, смутку і навіть гніву. За частотністю використання серед емотивних синтаксичних одиниць переважають питальні речення. Практична цінність дослідження полягає у можливості використання його результатів для написання бакалаврських і магістерських кваліфікаційних робіт.
THE SETAs AND S-SYSTEM SKILLS DEVELOPMENT IN SOUTH AFRICA AND BRAZIL: A TRANSFORMATIVE SOCIAL POLICY PERSPECTIVE
Authors: Tekwa Newman
Published: June 2024

Relevance. The African Union declared 2024 the Year of Education, Educating an African Fit for the 21st Century and the Agenda 2063 aspiration seeks to catalyse an education and skills revolution for Africa’s industrialisation. This places Technical and Vocational Education and Training at the centre in skills development on the continent. As part of their endogenous initiatives at improving skills, knowledge and abilities desired for work and enhance industrial competitiveness South Africa and Brazil instituted the SETAs system and the S-System, respectively aimed at skills formation and human capital development.
Aim. The two BRICS countries of South Africa and Brazil, through Acts of Parliament, institutionalised skills development programs which had seen them emerge as leading economies on their respective continents. What key lessons can be drawn for other African countries in their quest for industrialisation in the AU Year of the Year of Education to foster the relevant and competitive skills needed for the 21st century. 
Methods. The case studies of the S-system of Brazil and the SETAs system of South Africa are presented using a case study approach. Examining the SETAs and S-systems using a Transformative Social Policy framework, the paper adopts a case study approach seeks to answer the following questions: (1) what kind of institutional linkages and coordination between industry/business and skills/education training institutions need to be in place for adequate and appropriate human capital formation in Africa? (2) what are the appropriate funding mechanisms for human capital development suitable for African countries to adopt? (3) What coordination and facilitating role should be adopted by states in African countries to facilitate industry/training institutional linkages?
Results and conclusions. Key finding indicates that while the SETAs in South Africa are widely recognised by employers and give holders a big advantage in securing employment, TVET-market coordination, regional coordination for area-specific industrialisation and appropriate skills funding mechanism are key for competitive skills development and provide practical and policy lessons for African governments.
Gaining insights into the life-history strategies of tropical tree species from a large urban inventory dataset
Authors: Lai Hao Ran , Burcham Daniel , Wang James Wei , Stouffer Daniel , Qiu Damien Wenjie , Yee Alex Thiam Koon
Published: June 2024

Trees are important ecosystem service providers that improve the physical environment and human experience in cities throughout the world. Since the ecosystem services and maintenance requirements of urban trees change as they grow in time, predictive models of tree growth rates are useful to forecast societal benefits and maintenance costs over a tree’s lifetime. However, many models to date are phenomenological models with good prediction accuracies but lacking biologically interpretable parameters. This has limited our understanding of species life-history strategies for guiding tree species selection for urban plantings. In this study, we fit a diameter growth model to a large municipal tree inventory in Singapore using Bayesian inference along with an ordinary differential equation solver to obtain both accurate predictions and biologically interpretable parameters. We show that the 90 tree species studied here have growth parameters described by a tradeoff between fast juvenile growth when small versus slower but sustained adult growth when large, corresponding to the well-established “fast–slow” plant economics spectrum. We also use the growth model to calculate the time required to reach specific target diameters to directly illustrate a practical use case of our model inferences. Our findings highlight a more tangible way of selecting species for planting based not only on predicted growth, but also intuitive life-history growth characteristics that could be further generalised by functional traits to explore new species suitable for urban forestry.
The Influence of the Green Product Milo UHT Drink on Consumer Purchase Interest Using the Simple Regression Analysis Method
Authors: Nugraha Isna , Ramadhan Gilang
Published: June 2024

This research aims to evaluate the influence of Green Product Milo packaging on consumer buying interest. A quantitative descriptive research method was used by applying path analysis through a questionnaire distributed to 120 Milo consumer respondents. The research results show that Green Product adoption has a positive effect on repurchase intention. The implication is that companies need to maintain Green Products by continuing to innovate quality and environmentally friendly products and increasing promotions through potential media such as Instagram. Statistical analysis shows that there is a significant relationship between the level of product completeness and consumer attractiveness (p < 0.05). Although the correlation between the level of environmentally friendly products and purchase intention is relatively weak (correlation 0.411), the regression model shows a positive influence. From the results of ANOVA calculations, this regression can be used to predict purchasing interest in environmentally friendly products. It can be concluded that Green Products have a significant influence on consumer buying interest by contributing 16.9% to the variability in buying interest. This research provides an important contribution to companies in making strategic decisions related to product development and marketing.
Analisis Kinerja Keuangan pada Pemerintah Kabupaten/Kota di Provinsi Jambi Tahun 2020-2022
Authors: Sinaga Jenita , Z Rico Wijaya , Hernando Riski
Published: June 2024

This study aims to evaluate the financial performance of district/city governments in the province of Jambi during the period of 2020-2022, measured using the Degree of Decentralization Ratio, Local Financial Dependency Ratio, Local Financial Independence Ratio, Local Own Revenue Effectiveness Ratio, and Expenditure Efficiency Ratio. This research is a descriptive quantitative study that utilizes secondary data from audited Local Government Budget Realization Reports. The results show diverse patterns of financial performance: the majority of district/city governments have a Very Low Degree of Decentralization, Local Financial Independence tends to be Extremely Low with an instructive relationship pattern, Local Financial Dependency is generally high, Local Own Revenue Effectiveness is mostly Very Effective with diverse distributions, and Expenditure Efficiency is generally categorized as Efficient.
EFEKTIVITAS PENGGUNAAN LKPD DALAM MENINGKATKAN MINAT BELAJAR PESERTA DIDIK PADA MATERI PECAHAN KELAS IV DI SDI NURUL KAROMAH
Authors: Aulia Darojatul , Lestari Andika Setyo Budi
Published: June 2024

Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kuantitatif dengan jenis pre-eksperimen, yang dilaksanakan di SDI Nurul Karomah. Subjek penelitiannya adalah peserta didik kelas IV dengan teknik pengumpulan data sebanyak 4 indikator dan analisis data menggunakan statistik deskriptif dan uji gain. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa perolehan hasil antara kelas kontrol dan kelas ekperimen lebih unggul kelas eksperimen dalam peningkatan hasil belajar, aktivitas dan respon peserta didik, serta keterlaksanaan pembelajarannya. Perolehan hasil belajar peserta didik pada pretest di kelas kontrol dan kelas eksperimen dikategorikan rendah dengan rata-rata 74 dan 75. Setelah menggunakan LKPD pada kelas eksperimen, hasil belajar peserta didik dikategorikan sangat tinggi dengan rata-rata 96,25 pada minggu pertama dan 97,5 pada minggu kedua, dan pada kelas kontrol dikategorikan juga sangat tinggi dengan perolehan rata-rata 92,5 pada minggu pertama dan 96,25 pada minggu kedua. Aktivitas dan respon peserta didik pada kedua kelas dikategorikan sangat baik dan positif. Keterlaksanaan pembelajaran pada kedua kelas dikategorikan baik dengan presentase kelas eksperimen sebesar 83,3% dan kelas kontrol sebesar 80%. Dari hasil penelitian disimpulkan bahwa pembelajaran dengan menggunakan LKPD efektif dalam meningkatkan minat belajar peserta didik.
Analisis Faktor-Faktor Kesulitan Siswa Dalam Belajar Materi Persamaan Kuadrat
Authors: Saputri Aulia Nabilla , Warsitarumanti Syahrani , Maharani Dwi , Herman Tatang , Hasanah Aan
Published: June 2024

Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui faktor-faktor yang menyebabkan siswa sulit untuk mempelajari materi persamaan kuadrat. Pendekatan yang dipilih berdasarkan pendekatan deskriptif kualitatif dan subjeknya berjumalh 35 siwa dari kelas IX-F SMPN 3 Cimahi. Instrumen yang digunakan berupa soal tes persamaan kuadrat dan survey dalam bentuk Google Form. Analisis data yang digunakan yakni menyajikan informasi dan menarik kesimpulan. Berdasarkan hasil analisis data disimpulkan bahwa faktor-faktor yang membuat siswa kesulitan dalam mempelajari materi persamaan kuadrat adalah: 1) kurangnya pemahaman konsep; 2) kesalahan operasi matematika; 3) kurang fokus dan kesiapan saat pembelajaran; dan 4) media dan model pembelajaran yang kurang tepat.
Analisis Kesalahan Siswa Dalam Menyelesaikan Soal Cerita Sistem Persamaan Linear Dua Variabel Berdasarkan Newman's Error Analysis (NEA)
Authors: Azzahra Ajeng Fathiya , Hidayati Nita
Published: June 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan jenis jenis kesalahan siswa pada penyelesaian persoalan cerita Sistem Persamaan Linear Dua Variabel berdasarkan Newman’s Error Analysis (NEA). Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif serta metode deskriptif. Subjek dalam penelitian ini yakni siswa kesetaraan paket C SPNF SKB Kabupaten Bekasi. Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan yakni tes serta wawancara, dan instrumen tes berupa persoalan cerita Sistem Persamaan Linear Dua Variabel. Teknik analisis data dilakukan dengan mereduksi data, menyajikan data serta penarikan kesimpulan. Berdasarkan analisis data, hasil penelitian ini menunjukan siswa terdapat kesalahan membaca sebesar 22,22%, kesalahan memahami sebesar 50%, kesalahan transformasi 50%, kesalahan keterampilan proses sebesar 72,22%, kesalahan penulisan jawaban sebesar 66,67%. Sehingga dapat disimpulkan bahwa umumnya siswa terdapat kesalahan pada keterampilan proses, dimana kesalahan yang ditemukan berupa keliru dalam perhitungan dan juga tahap penyelesaian yang kurang tepat.
Pengaruh Gaya Belajar Dan Motivasi Belajar Terhadap Hasil Belajar Matematika Siswa Kelas VIII SMP Negeri 1 Kembang Janggut
Authors: Muslimah Nur , Haeruddin Haeruddin , Fendiyanto Petrus
Published: June 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh motivasi belajar terhadap hasil belajar matematika dan pengaruh gaya belajar terhadap hasil belajar matematika baik sebelum dan sesudah dikontrol oleh motivasi belajar pada siswa kelas VIII SMP Negeri 1 Kembang Janggut tahun ajaran 2023/2024. Variabel dalam penelitian ini yaitu Gaya Belajar (X1) dan Motivasi Belajar (X2) sebagai variabel bebas, serta Hasil Belajar Matematika (Y) sebagai variabel terikat. Populasi penelitian adalah seluruh kelas VIII SMP Negeri 1 Kembang Janggut yang berjumlah 4 kelas dengan siswa sebanyak 120 siswa, dengan sampel sebanyak 92 siswa yang terpilih dari 3 kelas melalui metode cluster random sampling. Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan angket untuk memperoleh data gaya belajar dan motivasi belajar, serta tes soal uraian untuk memperoleh data hasil belajar matematika. Teknik analisis data yang digunakan dalam penelitian berupa statistik deskriptif (tabel, mean, median, standar deviasi, maksimum, minimum, dan perhitungan persentase) dan statistik inferensial berupa analisis kovarian (anakova). Berdasarkan hasil analisis statistik deskriptif, diperoleh rata-rata skor untuk gaya belajar auditori adalah 37,96; rata-rata skor untuk gaya belajar visual adalah 37,06; rata-rata skor untuk gaya belajar kinestetik adalah 39,18; rata-rata skor untuk motivasi belajar adalah 47,45; serta rata-rata skor untuk hasil belajar matematika adalah 78,87. Berdasarkan hasil analisis inferensial menggunakan analisis kovarian (anakova) dengan α = 0,05 diperoleh . Variabel motivasi belajar diperoleh nilai taraf signifikan statistik (sig) < α = 0,05 yaitu (0,000 < 0,05), maka motivasi belajar berpengaruh terhadap hasil belajar matematika. Variabel gaya belajar diperoleh nilai taraf signifikan statistik (sig) > α = 0,05 yaitu (0,111 > 0,05), maka tidak terdapat perbedaan rata-rata hasil belajar matematika antara siswa yang memiliki gaya belajar (auditori, visual, dan kinestetik) setelah mengontrol motivasi belajar.
PENGARUH SELF EFFICACY TERHADAP KEMAMPUAN KOMUNIKASI MATEMATIS SISWA KELAS XI MIPA SMA NEGERI 9 KOTA JAMBI
Authors: Wijaya Candra , Zulyadaini Zulyadaini , Defitriani Eni , Yarmayani Ayu
Published: June 2024

Penelitian ini dilatarbelakangi oleh self efficacy siswa terhadap kemampuan komunikasi matematis siswa kelas XI MIPA SMA Negeri 9 Kota Jambi. Selama proses pembelajaran berlangsung di sekolah faktor yang mempengaruhi kemampuan komunikasi matematis siswa salah satunya, yaitu keyakinan siswa dalam mengkomunikasikan ide-ide matematis, atau disebut juga self efficacy. Self efficacy merupakan kayakinan diri yang dimiliki oleh setiap individu terhadap kemampuan yang dimilikinya dalam menghadapi dan menyelesaikan masalah yang dihadapinya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui adanya pengaruh self efficacy terhadap kemampuan komunikasi matematis siswa.Jenis penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kuantitatif menggunakan uji regresi linear sederhana yang bertujuan untuk mengukur pengaruh yang signifikan antara self efficacy siswa terhadap kemampuan komunikasi matematis siswa. Populasi pada penelitian ini adalah seluruh siswa kelas XI MIPA SMA Negeri 9 Kota Jambi Tahun Ajaran 2022/2023 dengan jumlah keseluruhan 108 siswa yang terbagi menjadi 3 kelas. Sampel dalam penelitian ini berjumlah 51 siswa yang terbagi menjadi 3 kelas yang diambil secara random sampling (acak). Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan pemberian angket dan tes uraian. Analisis data dilakukan dengan menggunakan bantuan program SPSS 21 terdiri dari analisis deskriptif, uji persyaratan analisis data, dan pengujian hipotesis. Uji persyaratan analisis data yang digunakan, yaitu uji normalitas, uji homogenitas, dan uji linearitas.