bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Empowering Community Through Entrepreneurship Training and Islamic Micro-Financing
Authors: Md Saad Norma , Mohammad Mustafa Omar , Haneef Mohammed Aslam
Published: January 2020

Community economic development is a relatively new strategy employed to increase employment, income, and entrepreneurship activities in small town and communities. The Centre for Islamic Economics, International Islamic University Malaysia (IIUM) has initiated a smart partnership with CIMB Islamic Bank to offer entrepreneurship training and Islamic microfinance facility to the poor in Malaysia. This project adopts several modes of Islamic microfinance financing instruments which include equity-based and debt-based financing. The program aims to educate the communities surrounding the IIUM campus with entrepreneurship knowledge and skill in addition to giving Shariah-compliant micro-financing facility for them to implement their business ideas. CIMB Islamic, which is the main partner for this project, provides funds for Islamic microfinance facilities and IIUM contributes expertise in providing entrepreneurship trainings to the communities located near IIUM campus. It is hoped that this smart partnership would empower the surrounding communities and create more successful entrepreneurs.
Opportunities and Challenges of Social Media to the Islamic Banks in Indonesia
Authors: Rafiki Ahmad
Published: January 2020

The Islamic banks in Indonesia have a serious issue of a low market share of 5%. This emerged due to the limited/unvaried product range, low literacy and inclusion level of Islamic finance, unfavorable perception for Islamic banking, and limited distribution networks and outreach. All of these causes could be resolved by using social media, which will bring several opportunities such as transparency and openness, effective marketing channels, stakeholders' relationship, social media content, brand image and reputation, shariah compliance activity, learning and knowledge, and greater personalization. Meanwhile, in using social media, the Islamic banks face few challenges such as network infrastructure, negative comments, information risk management, privacy, and deception. This chapter can be a reference to any institutions, particularly the Islamic banks which associated with digital interfaces and interactions in their daily businesses. Thus expectedly, the Islamic banks could enhance the public trust and establish a good Islamic identity.
Evolutionary Metaheuristics to Solve Multiobjective Assignment Problem in Telecommunication Network
Authors: Yazid Benkanoun , Sadek Bouroubi , Djamal Chaabane
Published: January 2020

The authors propose a computing approach for solving a multiobjective problem in the telecommunication network field, suggested by an Algerian industrial company. The principal goal is in developing a palliative solution to overcome some generated problems existing in the current management system. A mathematical operational model has been established. The exact algorithms that solve multiobjective optimization problems are not appropriate for large scale problems. However, the application of metaheuristics approach leads perfectly to approximate the Pareto optimal set. In this paper, the authors apply a well-known multiobjective evolutionary algorithm, the Non-dominated Sorting Genetic Algorithm (NSGA-II), compare the obtained results with those generated by the Strength Pareto Evolutionary Algorithm-II (SPEA2) and propose a way to help the decision maker, who is often confronted with the choice of a final solution, to make his preferences afterward using a utility function based on a Choquet integral measure. Finally, numerical experiments are presented to validate the approach.
A Framework for the Weapons of Influence
Authors: Sartonen Miika , Huhtinen Aki-Mauri , Simola Petteri , Takamaa Kari T. , Kivimäki Veli-Pekka
Published: January 2020

The development of communications technology has enabled the internet to become a new theatre of military operations. The influence aspects of military operations in information battlespace, however, are difficult both in theory and in practice, especially concerning international law. As a result, there is a variety of national and organizational solutions of how to divide tasks and responsibilities between authorities. This asymmetry generated by different approaches and rules of conduct provides opportunities for actors with more relaxed interpretation of international law, allowing them to use weapons of influence in order to pursue military goals. In this article the authors ask whether military influence operations, just like cyber operations, could be treated as acts of war. To help militaries address the complex issue of influence operations, a framework consisting of three categories is suggested.
Organisational Memory and its Impact on Competitive Strategies in IT Companies in Jordan
Authors: Al Omari Ghassan Issa , Maraqa Manar Reyad , Al-Jarrah Mufleh Amin
Published: January 2020

This study aims at measuring the impact of organisational memory (OM) on competitive strategies in information technology (IT) companies in King Hussein Business Park (KHBP) in Amman, the capital of Jordan. KHBP comprises of 20 companies, which will form the research population. A random sample was chosen with the sampling unit constituting of 63 out of originally 74 senior employees. The study adopted a descriptive analytical approach and a structured questionnaire was used as a study tool for the purpose of measuring the variables of the study. The outcomes of the study show that OM and its processes (knowledge acquisition, retention, and retrieval) have an impact on both types of competitive strategies (differentiation and lower cost strategies) in Jordan's IT companies. The study presented key recommendations such as: enhancing the role of OM in IT companies given its clear impact on competitive strategies; carrying out additional studies on OM to look deeper into its dimensions, processes, justifications, hindrances, and strategies.
Northern Bald Ibis Algorithm-Based Novel Feature Selection Approach
Authors: Saidala Ravi Kumar
Published: January 2020

Emails have become one of the popular and flexible web or mobile-based applications that enables users to communicate. For decades, the most severe problem identified in email applications was unwanted emails. Electronic spam is also referred as spam emails, in which unsolicited and unwanted mails are Received. Making an email mailbox clean by detecting and eliminating all the spam mails is a challenging task. Classification-based email filtering is one of the best approaches used by many researchers to deal with the spam email filtering problem. In this work, the NOA optimization algorithm and the SVM classifier are used for getting an optimal feature subset of the Enron-spam dataset and classifying the obtained optimal feature subset. NOA is a recently developed metaheuristic algorithm which is driven by mimicking the energy saving flying pattern of the Northern Bald Ibis (Threskiornithidae). The performance comparisons have been made with other existing methods. The superiority of the proposed novel feature selection approach is evident in the analysis and comparison of the classification results.
MRI/TRUS FUSION guided biopsy as first approach in ambulatory setting: Feasibility and performance of a new fusion device
Authors: D'Agostino Daniele , Mineo Bianchi Federico , Romagnoli Daniele , Giampaoli Marco , Corsi Paolo , Del Rosso Alessandro , Schiavina Riccardo , Brunocilla Eugenio , Porreca Angelo
Published: January 2020

Purpose: To evaluate the detection rate of Magnetic Resonance Imaging/Transrectal Ultrasound (MRI/TRUS) Fusion Biopsy performed in a series of patients with suspicious prostate cancer in an ambulatory setting.Materials and methods: Between March 2018 and January 2019 a series of 155 patients undergoing MRI/TRUS fusionguided biopsy were prospectively enrolled. All patients presented a suspected diagnosis for prostate cancer because of raised Prostate Specific Antigen (PSA) serum level and/or abnormal physical examination (digital rectal examination), and showed at least one suspicious area at the multiparametric Magnetic Resonance Imaging (mpMRI). Results: Of 155 patients, 58 (37.4%) were biopsy-naïve, 97 (62.6%) had at least 1 previous negative TRUS-guided biopsy. The median age of the patient cohort was 66 years (IQR, 61- 69); the median prebiopsy PSA value was 7.1 ng/ml (IQR, 5- 8.9). Overall, the Fusion-TB findings were positive in 94 of 155 patients with a detection rate (DR) of 60%; a significantly high DR was obtained in terms of clinically significant prostate cancer (csPCa) by Fusion-TB (61 pts; 41.9%). The overall DR in the 121 biopsy-naive patients was 60.6%. In the subgroup of the 34 patients with at least 1 previous set of TRUS-GB, overall DR was 39.3% (35/50). Conclusions: The targeted MRI/TRUS fusion-guided biopsy represents a safe and accurate approach for diagnosis of csPCa, especially in patient with previous TRUS guided biopsy negative and suspicious prostate cancer.
Effect of home-based pulmonary rehabilitation in patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis
Authors: Ozalevli Sevgi , Karaali Hayriye Kul , Ilgin Duygu , Ucan Eyup Sabri
Published: January 2020

Obiective: The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of a home-based pulmonary rehabilitation program on the functional outcome parameters in patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF). Design: A prospective study. Patients: Seventeen patients diagnosed with IPF. Methods: A home-based pulmonary rehabilitation program was carried out in 17 IPF patients for 12 weeks. Dyspnea severity during daily life activities (Medical Research Council Scale), pulmonary function (pulmonary function test), exercise capacity (6-minute walking test, 6MWD), and general health related quality of life (Medical Outcomes Short Form-36) were evaluated. Results: A significant decrease in perceived dyspnea (p = 0.003) and leg fatigue (p < 0.05) severities, and an increase in the 6MWD (p = 0.04) and general health related quality of life scores (health perception, physical role, and emotional status subscores) were found after the program (p < 0.05). Conclusion: Home-based pulmonary rehabilitation may reduce dyspnea and fatigue severities, and improve exercise capacity and health-related quality of life in patients with IPF. In the treatment of IPF patients, home-based pulmonary rehabilitation programs should be placed alongside the routine treatment options.
Management of amputees: A team approach
Authors: Kegel Bernice
Published: January 2020

No abstract available.
The humanistic approach in physiotherapy
Authors: Lennard N.
Published: January 2020

Die skryfster beklemtoon die belong van motivering raadgewing as deel van die rol wat die fisioterapeut het, in 'n noue en dikwels intieme verwantskap met n pasient wat gerehabiliteer word. Hierdie verwantskap vloei voort uit die fisieke kontak gedurende behandeling. cv bepleit beter voorbereiding vir en insig in hierdie uiters belangrike aspek van fisioterapie. Die sukses, al dan nie, van rehabilitasie hang grotendeels af van ’n simpatieke dog objektiewe uitvoering van hierdie belangrike taak.
“Making Do” with Soft Authoritarianism in Pre-Genocide Rwanda
Authors: Desrosiers Marie-Eve
Published: January 2020

The article looks at Rwandans’ engagement with authoritarianism prior to the 1994 genocide and, more broadly, at life under “soft authoritarian” settings. It argues that Rwandans did not experience state-society relations under pre-genocide regimes as a vertical chain of authority, as is often contended. Instead, they spoke of a felt gap between national and local levels. Engagement with authority was predominantly local and experienced in an ambiguous, yet functional manner rather than simply as coercion. It was also experienced in a more varied manner than is often presumed. Indeed, local experiences of authority were commonly about “making do” with authoritarianism. This should lead scholars to question common frames of authoritarian verticality and the obedience/compliance which authoritarianism is presumed to foster. It should also lead scholars to question simple frames of resistance often proposed when studying authoritarian state-society relations.
Atlas lingüístico ETLEN sobre la frontera entre el gallegoportugués y el asturleonés en Asturias
Authors: D’Andrés Ramón
Published: January 2020

El ETLEN es un nuevo atlas lingüístico centrado en una zona de frontera lingüística, la que separa los dominios del gallegoportugués y del asturleonés en el occidente de Asturias. La fuente de los datos es una encuestación propia en 40 localidades del territorio. Además de una sección dialectográfica o de cartografía dialectal convencional (531 mapas correspondientes a otras tantas isoglosas), incluye dos novedosas secciones de cartografía estadística: horiométrica o de adscripción geotipológica de geovariantes (35 mapas); y dialectométrica o de medición de semejanzas entre las localidades del territorio (77 mapas).
As pegadas do cinema na obra de Manuel Rivas
Authors: Castro Otero Salvador
Published: January 2020

O cinema converteuse na forma de narración máis popular do século XX. Non pode estrañar, pois, que as súas formas de contar influísen noutras artes, en especial na literatura. Este traballo propón unha clasificación das relacións entre os textos audiovisuais e escritos e mostra os trazos característicos da sétima arte presentes nas obras literarias e xornalísticas de Manuel Rivas e, por extensión, noutros escritores da centuria pasada.
A educación literaria: unha proposta lectora
Authors: Cousillas Pena Paula
Published: January 2020

A educación literaria é un dos bloques que estruturan o currículo educativo da materia de Lingua Galega e Literatura, no que se contempla un dobre obxectivo: por un lado, o achegamento á historia, ás obras e ás figuras literarias máis salientables; e, por outro, o propósito de acadar lectores e lectoras competentes que continúen, posteriormente, a súa formación lectora. Non obstante, a observación de diferentes programacións educativas, nas que cada docente indica o tratamento da lectura nas aulas, constata que na maioría dos casos soamente se perpetúa o enfoque historicista, e non propicia a querenza pola lectura e a formación de alumnos-lectores. Así, o obxectivo deste traballo consiste en ofrecer unha alternativa metodolóxica que permita incorporar a lectura na aula de maneira diferente a como se vén realizando con frecuencia nos centros educativos. Neste sentido, a través da metodoloxía da constelación literaria, elaborouse unha proposta lectora anual para o alumnado de 2º da ESO da materia de Lingua Galega e Literatura, co propósito de responder ás necesidades dunha debida formación literaria, na que o alumnado desenvolva non só os contidos e as competencias indicadas no currículo, senón tamén potencie o hábito lector e unha adecuada competencia lecto-literaria.
Áreas léxicas e dominios lingüísticos no noroeste da península ibérica
Authors: Negro Romero Marta , Sousa Xulio
Published: January 2020

Os atlas lingüísticos constitúen unha excelente fonte de datos para coñecer a distribución xeográfica das variedades e tamén o modo en que estas se interrelacionan, unha vez que rexistran nas súas cartas as variantes recorrentes en determinadas áreas asociadas a unha mesma variable. A pesar do valor destas obras e da riqueza da información que fornecen para a investigación nos distintos ámbitos da lingüística, deica agora son poucos aínda os traballos que as utilizaron para descubrir as relacións de contacto entre dominios lingüísticos. Entre as razóns que explican esta desconsideración están a dificultade para tratar datos en formato cartográfico e o simple descoñecemento do valor da información que albergan estas obras. Neste traballo preséntase unha análise exploratoria dun pequeno grupo de preguntas da sección de léxico dos cadernos do Atlas Lingüístico de la Península Ibérica (ALPI) pertencentes a unha área do noroeste peninsular que comprende distintos dominios lingüísticos romances. As variantes léxicas seleccionadas corresponden a dez conceptos asociados con denominacións de partes do corpo humano. Os resultados do estudo compáranse e póñense en relación con algunhas investigacións previas que abordaron os límites dos dominios lingüísticos nesta zona da península. Ademais, dáse conta das similitudes e semellanzas na distribución das variantes de distintos niveis de análise xeolingüística e identifícanse algúns padróns de distribución de variantes léxicas.
A difusión exterior do galego e a diáspora galega
Authors: Kakihara Takeshi
Published: January 2020

O obxectivo deste estudo é achegarnos á realidade da política de difusión exterior da lingua galega por parte da Xunta de Galicia e aclarar o seu significado e as relacións cos galegos emigrados e os seus descendentes. A Xunta de Galicia leva a cabo actividades de difusión como parte da política de normalización lingüística. Suponse que as seguintes dúas son as actividades principais de difusión deste idioma: (1) a promoción do galego para non-galegofalantes e (2) o mantemento de galego dos emigrantes galegos. O autor deste estudo presenta neste artigo que tipo de medidas toma cada parte involucrada analizando os datos obtidos da consulta bibliográfica e das entrevistas realizadas coas partes implicadas: a Secretaría Xeral de Política Lingüística, a Secretaría Xeral da Emigración, Centros Galegos e o Instituto Cervantes. Neste artigo analizaremos os casos de Arxentina, de Brasil e de Alemaña como exemplos da comunidade dos galegos emigrados. Tamén analizaremos as actividades que desenvolven os centros do Instituto Cervantes relacionadas coa difusión das linguas cooficiais de España.
El vaivén de los portátiles entre las aulas y el hogar: la perspectiva de las familias sobre la reforma educativa de la Escuela 2.0
Authors: Martorell Carme Bach , Aliagas Marin Cristina
Published: January 2020

Este estudio describe la opinión de las familias sobre la entrada del portátil en la vida académica del estudiante de secundaria, a través del programa autonómico en Cataluña eduCAT1x1, vinculado a la Escuela 2.0, una reforma nacional de digitalización de las aulas. La visión de las familias complementa la investigación con una nueva mirada al impacto de las reformas educativas más allá de las aulas. El análisis de 16 entrevistas pone de manifiesto que si bien los padres consideran la tecnología beneficiosa para el futuro académico y laboral de sus hijos también sienten malestar por tener que gestionar los usos extraescolares que estos hacen del portátil, donde el ocio y la comunicación social compiten con la actividad académica. Algunas familias no se ven empoderadas por la reforma educativa del 1x1 y apelan a diversas razones: 1) la digitalización de las aulas se ha hecho de forma improvisada y rápida; 2) la introducción del portátil en la vida de sus hijos ha provocado cambios en las prácticas de estudio (y no todos los consideran positivos) y 3) la digitalización ha comportado una pérdida de control sobre la vida de sus hijos. El estudio sugiere la necesidad de coordinar las reformas educativas con las dinámicas familiares, ya que la mediación familiar es imprescindible para garantizar no solo el éxito de las innovaciones educativas sino también las transformaciones sociales que se persiguen.
PERFIS DISCURSIVOS DA DISCIPLINA DE ENSINO RELIGIOSO NUMA ESCOLA PÚBLICA DA REDE MUNICIPAL DE LIMOEIRO-PE: QUESTÕES ENVOLVENDO LAICIDADE E DIVERSIDADE RELIGIOSA
Authors: Oliveira Aurenéa Maria de , Sales Neta Maria José Gomes de
Published: January 2020

O presente artigo tem como objetivo identificar, em uma escola da rede pública da cidade de Limoeiro-PE, os perfis discursivos de docentes que trabalham com a disciplina de Ensino Religioso (ER) sobre Estado laico e pluralidade religiosa. Para tanto, trabalhamos com a metodologia da Análise de Discurso (AD) de linha francesa, cujo intento é examinar a posição dos sujeitos entrevistados segundo as relações de força, lugar e sentido. A discussão teórica apoiou-se nos modelos apresentados por Emerson Giumbelli, a partir de análise das legislações estaduais por ele examinadas, acerca da disciplina em tela: confessional, interconfessional e supraconfessional. Desse modo, foram realizadas três entrevistas semiestruturadas com professores de ER, aliadas à observação participante. Como resultado, verificou-se, na escola pesquisada, a presença da ideologia de religiões cristãs neste tipo de ensino, o que implicou em dificuldade de trato com a laicidade e a diversidade religiosa.
ESTÁGIOS NA FORMAÇÃO DE PROFESSORES (AS) NA AMAZÔNIA MARAJOARA: VIVÊNCIAS E EXPERIÊNCIAS DO CURSO DE PEDAGOGIA DO CAMPUS UNIVERSITÁRIO DO MARAJÓ - BREVES
Authors: Pereira do Amaral Sônia Maria
Published: January 2020

O presente artigo tem como objetivo apresentar experiências de como se desenvolvem os estágios obrigatórios no curso de licenciatura em Pedagogia da Universidade Federal do Pará, Campus Universitário do Marajó-Breves. Caracteriza-se como uma pesquisa de base qualitativa. Como base teórica para as análises elegemos os estudos de Pimenta e Lima (2011), Franco (2012), Ghedin et al. (2015). Os (as) estudantes que fazem parte desse Campus são de diferentes municípios do Marajó, moradores do meio urbano e rural (ribeirinhos), o que faz com que os estágios se tornem grandes desafios, tanto para os (as) acadêmicos (as), quanto para os (as) professores (as), orientadores (as). Entretanto, os resultados apresentados indicam que os trabalhos realizados – entre ruas, rios e florestas – caminham na perspectiva de estágios como fonte de pesquisa, auxiliando na formação de professores (as) autônomos (as) e reflexivos (as) sobre e a partir da sua realidade sociocultural e educacional.
FORMER LES ENSEIGNANT-E-S DU SECONDAIRE II À L'UNIVERSITÉ PLUS PARTICULIÈREMENT À FRIBOURG, EN SUISSE
Authors: Runtz-Christan Edmée
Published: January 2020

Cet article donne à voir le rôle de l’université dans la formation des futur-e-s enseignant-e-s du secondaire à Fribourg, en Suisse, en mettant en évidence son interaction avec les écoles. L’organisation générale des études et leur évaluation y sont décrites. Une attention particulière est portée aux partenaires de cette formation universitaire dans les écoles -les enseignant-e-s formateurs-trices- en soulignant leurs rôles, leurs différentes postures et leur formation. L’importance de former des enseignant-e-s à l'université et par l’université est également mise en évidence par le volet recherche qu’implique toute formation académique. En effet, les études de terrain et leurs résultats contribuent à l’amélioration de la formation même des EF.
Terminologias alimentares e sua relevância para autonomia e conscientização do consumidor em relação à compra e consumo
Authors: Dos Santos Patrícia Natalina , Costa Jennifer Lima , Alves Layla Barbosa , Carvalho Naiara Barbosa , Da Silva Vanelle Maria
Published: January 2020

Este estudo é baseado no projeto de extensão “Terminologias empregadas em alimentos: conscientização do consumidor para sua autonomia no momento da compra”, que teve como objetivo conscientizar 70 alunos de uma escola pública sobre termos alimentares: transgênico e irradiado, probiótico e prebiótico, diet e light, e glúten e integral. Inicialmente, para averiguar o conhecimento prévio dos alunos, foi aplicado um questionário sobre as definições dos termos. O mesmo questionário foi reaplicado ao final dos encontros a fim de avaliar o conhecimento adquirido por esses. Posteriormente, foram realizadas palestras sobre esses termos e ao final dessas foi realizado um jogo a fim de que fixassem o conteúdo. Ao final do projeto foi disponibilizada uma cartilha para os estudantes terem livre acesso a consultas sobre o tema. Diante disso, verificou-se que os jovens agregaram conhecimento sobre os termos abordados o que lhes possibilitou terem maior autonomia na compra e consumo desses produtos.
Volume 19/2019
Authors: Da Costa Britto Pereira Lima Daniela
Published: January 2020

Editorial
Dificuldades apresentadas por alunos surdos na aquisição de conceitos químicos
Authors: Lima Raul Freitas
Published: January 2020

Este artigo traz algumas reflexões sobre as dificuldades apresentadas por alunos surdos naaquisição de conceitos químicos. Entende-se que as dificuldades desses estudantes são asmesmas dos alunos ouvintes, em decorrência da baixa carga horária da disciplina, da elevadaabstração dos conceitos e da ausência de laboratórios. Entretanto, algumas características dosalunos surdos, somadas às dificuldades anteriores, dificultam ainda mais sua aprendizagem.Entre esses fatores estão: a ausência de formação científica do Intérprete da Língua de Sinais,a inexistência de sinais para determinados conceitos científicos e a língua portuguesa, utilizadapelo professor, diferente da língua do aluno surdo.
Professor ou instrutor? Reflexão sobre a profissão do educador surdo
Authors: Rocha Daniele Silva , Nascimento Lilian Cristine Ribeiro
Published: January 2020

O propósito deste artigo é apresentar questões relativas à profissão do educador surdo, examinando a legislação, principalmente no que diz respeito ao vínculo empregatício, pois muitos profissionais surdos, formados e qualificados como docentes, são contratados como instrutores. Para problematizar a expressão “instrutor de Libras”, atribuída aos profissionais surdos que ensinam Libras, analisamos editais de concursos públicos que trazem em seu texto a expressão “instrutor surdo”. Defendemos a autonomia do professor em suas práticas pedagógicas, ancoradas em uma formação específica e pontuamos a necessidade de diferenciar os termos “instrutor de Libras” e “professor”, para valorizar o trabalho de docência e, sobretudo, para dar visibilidade e espaço ao professor surdo.
Gale Business: DemographicsNow
Authors: McRae Jerry
Published: January 2020

DemographicsNow: Business & People is a comprehensive business tool that provides up-to-date and easy access to an array of geographically aligned demographic data perfect for obtaining insights to develop business plans, marketing strategies, empower decision making, and even grant
applications. Within this database includes navigation of available data and features, including Google and Microsoft integration. DemographicsNow offers 2017 Experian Demographics, and 2021 Projections Mosaic Segmentation, Consumer Expenditure, and Survey Results. In addition to that, one
can search through D&B Full Business Directory, the U.S. Census, and Traffic Counts. This database has a simple interface: one-, three-, and five-mile demographic reports in minutes, drive time support, heat mapping support, precise reporting, and more.
Skilsmisse og barnets bedste – før og nu, mellem hverdagsliv og politik
Authors: Marschall Anja , Grumløse Sine Penthin
Published: January 2020

Familieliv i dag kan se ud på mange måder. Nye familieformer dukker op og historiske forståelser af, hvad et godt familieliv er, bliver udfordret. En tredjedel af alle børn i Skandinavien oplever i løbet af deres barndom, at deres forældre skilles. I den forbindelse fremhæves børns ret til et hverdagsliv med begge forældre, når forældrene går fra hinanden, som en måde at varetage barnets bedste. Sådan har det ikke altid været. I denne artikel undersøger vi, hvordan man over tid har forstået ”skilsmissebarnets bedste” i en dansk kontekst. Vi undersøger samspillet mellem forståelser af barnets gode liv og skilsmisselovgivningen, som igennem de seneste fire årtier er udviklet i nært forhold til Børnekonventionen. Gennem historiske dokumentanalyser udforsker vi den politiske rammesætning af børns hverdagsliv efter en skilsmisse. Viden herfra trækker vi med ind i analysen af et nutidigt interviewmateriale med børn og deres skilte forældre. Det undersøges, hvordan nutidig lovgivning om delt forældremyndighed ansporer fraskilte forældre til en høj grad af samarbejde om barnets hverdagsliv. Det menes at være til barnets bedste, at begge forældre tager aktivt del i barnets hverdag.
English abstract
Family life today is diverse and historical understandings of what family life is and should be are challenged. Approximately 1/3 of all children in Scandinavia experience their parents’ divorce during childhood. Despite divorce, children’s rights to an everyday life with both parents are emphasized as a way to take care of the child. However, this has not always been the case. This article investigates how the best interest of children in divorce has been understood over time and how this has influenced the legislation developed in close relation to the Convention on the Rights of the Child. Through analyses of historical documents and contemporary interview material with children and their divorced parents, we examine how discussions about children, parents and divorce have influenced the legislation, and how these understandings – in a contemporary context – encourage parents to a high degree of cooperation in “the best interest of their child”. However, the best interest of the child is not a simple and clear matter.
Ivaretakelse av barns rettigheter i sosialt arbeid med familier
Authors: Ellingsen Ingunn T. , Studsrød Ingunn , Ursin Marit
Published: January 2020

FNs barnekonvensjon og norsk lovgivning skal sikre barn rett til beskyttelse, informasjon og medvirkning. Til tross for økt forskning på implementering av barns rettigheter, er det lite forskning på hvordan barns rettigheter kommer til uttrykk på tvers av ulike velferdstjenesteområder. Artikkelen bygger på fire fokusgrupper med sosialarbeidere gjennomført i tre ulike velferdskontekster: barnevern (2), rusvern (1) og voksenpsykiatri (1). Fokusgruppene diskuterte en vignett om en familiesituasjon der barn lever med foreldres rusmisbruk og hvor det er mistanke om voldsutøvelse. Empirien viser at barn gjennomgående anses som rettighetssubjekter og at barns beste står i fokus. Studien viser at et individuelt rettighetsperspektiv sammen med et risikofokus var mer fremtredende blant sosialarbeidere i barneverntjenesten, mens rus- og voksenpsykiatri i større grad vektlekta barn som pårørende og med det inntok et relasjonelt rettighetsperspektiv. Når det gjelder barns deltakelsesrettigheter, viser studien at retten til informasjon synes å ivaretas bedre enn retten til medvirkning.
English abstract
Safeguarding children’s rights in social work with families
The UN Child Convention and Norwegian laws aim to ensure children’s right to protection, informationand participation. Despite an increase in research on the implementation of children’s rights, less attention is paid to the ways in which children’s rights are exercised across welfare areas. This article builds on four focus group interviews with social workers from three welfare areas: Child welfare (2), substance misuse (1), and adult psychiatry (1). Participants discussed a vignette describing a family where children live with parental substance misuse and where there are concerns about domestic violence. Findings show that children are seen as subjects with rights, with emphasis on children’s best interest. An individual rights perspective together with a risk perspective were more prominent among child welfare workers, whereas participants from the other two welfare areas emphasised children as next to kin, and thereby employed a relational rights perspective. Furthermore, children’s right to information seems better ensured than their rights to participation.
Representation of Children’s Views in Finnish Newspaper Media Across Three Decades
Authors: Mustola Marleena , Sevón Eija , Alasuutari Maarit
Published: January 2020

As the United Nations Convention on the Rights of the Child (UNCRC) celebrates its thirtieth anniversary, it is relevant to explore how understandings of children’s rights have appeared during these three decades. As a key public actor in society, the media provides an interesting field in which to study the salience of children’s rights in societal and public discussions. Thus, in this article, we examine how children’s views are represented in «Helsingin Sanomat», the main national newspaper of Finland, in 1997, 2007, and 2017. This examination is based on articles 12 and 13 of the UNCRC, where it is stated that children have the right to express themselves in all matters affecting them. The data collection for this article was based on a systematic random sampling method of these issues in the years mentioned above, and a systematic content analysis was also applied. The results show that, somewhat surprisingly, in 2017, less than a third of news stories concerning childhood and children reported children’s views on the matter, while in 2007, almost half of news stories reported on children’s views. Based on the data, it appears that macro-level issues remained within adults’ sphere of discussion during these years.
English abstract
Representation of Children’s Views in Finnish Newspaper Media Across Three Decades
As the United Nations Convention on the Rights of the Child (UNCRC) celebrates its thirtieth anniversary, it is relevant to explore how understandings of children’s rights have appeared during these three decades. As a key public actor in society, the media provides an interesting field in which to study the salience of children’s rights in societal and public discussions. Thus, in this article, we examine how children’s views are represented in «Helsingin Sanomat», the main national newspaper of Finland, in 1997, 2007, and 2017. This examination is based on articles 12 and 13 of the UNCRC, where it is stated that children have the right to express themselves in all matters affecting them. The data collection for this article was based on a systematic random sampling method of these issues in the years mentioned above, and a systematic content analysis was also applied. The results show that, somewhat surprisingly, in 2017, less than a third of news stories concerning childhood and children reported children’s views on the matter, while in 2007, almost half of news stories reported on children’s views. Based on the data, it appears that macro-level issues remained within adults’ sphere of discussion during these years.
Additive Manufacturing for Metal Applications in Orthopaedic Surgery
Authors: Katsuura Yoshihiro , Qureshi Sheeraz A.
Published: January 2020

Metallic additive manufacturing, a process by which metal structures are created in a layered fashion, is poised to revolutionize orthopaedic implants and instruments. It allows for the design and manufacture of devices, which not only macroscopically more closely match patient-specific anatomy but also have improved microscopic detail for more rapid and durable host integration. In addition, additive manufacturing–designed implants have improved biomechanical properties and fixation systems allowing use in areas where current implants are not well suited. This review provides an overview of the technology and both its current and future use in orthopaedic surgery.
Urban Erosion Potential Risk Mapping with GIS
Authors: Weikmann Amanda M. , Hodges Clayton , Dymond Randel
Published: January 2020

With increased regulatory focus on eroded sediment and its bound pollutants, methods are needed to predict areas with high erosive potential (EP) in urbanized areas. Using EP to prioritize urban areas for maintenance, implementation of Stormwater Control Measures (SCMs), stream restoration or monitoring is crucial. This study utilizes commonly available geospatial layers in conjunction with a computational procedure for prioritizing the contribution of site specific- and transport-erosion to compute relative EP risk throughout a target urban watershed.  Factors that contribute to erosion were evaluated: local cell slope, soil erodibility, land cover, runoff volume, distance and slope to nearest stormwater conveyance point along a surface flow travel path. A case study of the developed methodology was performed on a 1.6 square kilometer urban watershed in Blacksburg, VA, to generate EP risk maps. Results of the study indicate areas of erosive potential within the target watershed and provide a methodology for creating erosion potential risk maps for use by MS4 planners, engineers and other individuals that manage erosion control programs.
Analysis of a Continuously Variable Transmission in which Four-Bar Linkages Are Arranged in Parallel
Authors: Yukawa Toshihiro , Kumagai Syoma , Fujisawa Taiyo , Oshida Yoshiaki , Takeda Youichi , Hanahara Kazuyuki
Published: January 2020

This paper describes a development of a new structural type of continuously variable transmission (CVT). We here propose a CVT with linkages and irreversible mechanisms which does not positively depend upon frictional conduction force between conduction components. In the proposed CVT, four lever-crank units are connected in parallel mechanically with the cranks at an input shaft, and the output shaft is also connected mechanically via an irreversible mechanism installed at the fulcrum of the lever. In the experiment, we confirm that the continuous control of gear ratios in real time by realizing high-precision control for expansion and contraction of the links using electric linear actuators. As a merit of the developed linkage type of CVT, it reduces power consumption, compared to other conventional CVTs.
Geochemical evaluation of land use at a medieval harbor site in Masuda City, Chugoku region, Japan
Authors: Banzragch Dalai , Ishiga Hiroaki , Nasandulam Damdinpurev
Published: January 2020

A large-scale Medieval harbor site has been recently discovered at Nakazu-Higashihara in Masuda City, Chugoku region, Japan. The Medieval harbor site is divided into north and south areas. The concentration of 22 elements in soil samples from the north of the harbor site was determined in order to identify the geochemical signatures of the Medieval harbor site. The evidence described in the north area is an example of identification of both natural and anthropogenic processes that lead to geochemical variations within the archaeological soils. The north area of the site contains silt and sandy soils characterized by highest concentration of Zr and relatively low levels of most other elements (except for Sr and TS). Negative or weak positive correlations between TiO2 and MnO, and CaO and P2O5 in the north area indicate that this association of elements represents an ancient anthropogenic signature, especially related to residential sites in all soil types. Correlation between TiO2 and Ni, Y, Nb, Zr, Th, and Fe2O3 did not reflect the anthropogenic history. However, these elements and their ratios can be used to identify sources, as well as to establish baseline concentration of other elements which are influenced by anthropogenic and detrital inputs.
Temporal variation of the pseudo total content of heavy metals in Ulaanbaatar soil
Authors: Byambasuren Tsagaan , Khuukhenkhuu Byambaa , Ochirbat Ganbaatar , Tsedenbaljir Darizav
Published: January 2020

This work shows some of the results of investigation into pseudo total content of heavy metals in the surface soil of Ulaanbaatar.The main objectives of this study are to (i) evaluate temporal variability of pseudo-total content of Pb, Cu, Zn, Cd, Cr, Ni, Co and Mn in surface soil of Ulaanbaatar collected from 2003 to 2018, (ii) identify the main discriminates - metals during the years 2003-2018 years and, (iii) investigate the interdependence of main discriminates on the soil reaction (pH) and soil organic matter.Due to urbanization and negative human activities, surface soil in Ulaanbaatar losing their natural features, which are changing, while the spatial and temporal distribution of heavy metals in urban surface soil is becoming irregular. In Ulaanbaatar surface soil, the mean concentration of Cu, Zn and Pb much mois very high and the mean concentration of Co is lower than background soil. In some land use zones, it was found that the mean concentraion of Zn and Cr was considerably higher than the permissible level. The pollution condition of Mn, Zn, Cr, Ni and Cd was the same in 2010-2018 and the pollution conditions of Pb, Cu and Co are different. The main discriminants are Pb, Cu and Co. In Ulaanbaatar soil, a strikingly close correlationhip was established for Cu, Pb with the soil organic matter, and for Cd, Zn, Cr with the pH, respectively.
Contribution of value co-creation support elements to repurchase intention: A theoretical approach
Authors: Reche Ricardo Antonio , Bertolini Adriana Locatelli , Milan Gabriel Sperandio
Published: January 2020

Objetivo: o trabalho visa estabelecer ligações entre os elementos de sustentação da cocriação de valor e da intenção de recompra, por meio de alguns antecedentes como a confiança, comprometimento e satisfação.Metodologia/abordagem: por meio de uma reflexão teórica, o modelo de gerenciamento de cocriação de valor proposto por Payne, Storbacka Frow (2008) e o modelo DART de Prahalad Ramaswamy (2004) são revisitados, enfatizando os pontos de interação entre fornecedores e clientes e os elementos de sustentação da cocriação de valor.Principais resultados: a ligação entre os elementos de sustentação da cocriação de valor e antecedentes da intenção de recompra é explicitada em umframework conceitual, evidenciando as relações entre os temas, efetivadas por construtos como confiança, compromisso e fortes relacionamentos.Contribuições teóricas: a participação positiva dos elementos de sustentação da cocriação de valor para com os antecedentes da intenção de recompra fica evidenciada por meio da contribuição do modelo DART para a aprendizagem conjunta e interações personalizadas.Relevância/originalidade: na medida em que não foram identificados estudos anteriores unindo conceitualmente estes dois temas, comumente tratados separadamente, o presente trabalho esclarece como os mecanismos de interação típicos dos processos de cocriação de valor poderiam ajudar a explicar a intenção de recompra por meio de alguns de seus antecedentes.
The Limits of Over-Interpretation and the Ways of Knowing
Authors: Szczęsna Ewa
Published: January 2020

The article describes interpretation as a mental construction that has various forms
of textual representation. Interpretation may be the main objective of a text, and can also
be used as a tool to create a text form. The paper shows the different forms of interpretation
and their contextual aspects. It proves that the category of interpretation is variously
understood, hence inconclusive. A comparison of the cognitive perspectives presented
in the works of Eco and Rorty reveals different ways of understanding of interpretation,
over-interpretation, the use of the text, and the relationship between these categories.
The problem of the limits of over-interpretation may not be the subject of interest for
any of these perspectives. This problem does not exist when interpretation is considered
in terms of usefulness, or when interpretation actually concerns over-interpretation,
thus drawing attention exclusively to the limits of interpretation.
Leśmian’s dziwożonas and their Slavic contexts (literary and not only)
Authors: Nalewajk–Turecka Żaneta
Published: January 2020

Among the literary female characters to be found in Bolesław Leśmian’s writing,
there are dzwiożonas – swamp or forest demons from the Slavic mythology, known as
malicious and dangerous creatures that kidnapped babies just after they were born
and replaced them with her own children. They were often portrayed as wild women with
long, straight hair and breasts so huge that they could use them to wash their clothes.
A survey of selected literary texts from the 19th and the beginning of the 20th century
by Polish (Seweryn Goszczyński, Michał Bałucki, Miron [Aleksander Michaux], Maria Konopnicka, Kazimierz Przerwa-Tetmajer, Wiktor Gomulicki), Czech (Karel Jaromír Erben)
and Russian (Konstantin Balmont) writers, shows how the representation of such female
demons evolved and provides a frame of reference for Bolesław Leśmian’s portrayal
of analogous characters in his poem Dziwożona and in prose work Podlasiak from the
volume entitled Klechdy polskie.
The Question of Universals: Leśmian in Europe and in the World
Authors: Nalewajk Żaneta
Published: January 2020

The question of universals helps address the ways in which the unique aspects
of Bolesław Leśmian’s literary creation refl ect important concerns of Polish literature
and culture. The local and singular becomes international and universal. The article
demonstrates that idiomatic, seemingly untranslatable literary works by Bolesław Leśmian
enable translators and foreign readers to experience what appears to be a universality
of a higher order.
Philology of Impossible: Some Remarks on the Translations of Leśmian's Poetry into English and German
Authors: Osiński Dawid Maria
Published: January 2020

The article analyses selected English and German translations of Bolesław Leśmian’s poetry, with a special focus on the solutions regarding versifi cation, rhythm, and language (dialectological structures, syntactical forms and neologisms characteristic of Leśmian’s poetic writing). The translation strategies employed by Sandra Celt, Rochelle Heller Stone, Michael J. Mikoś, David Malcolm, Karl Dedecius, are compared with the solutions used by other translators, including Czesław Miłosz, Janek Langer, Barry Keane, Cathal McCabe, Benjamin Paloff, Anita Jones Dębska, Ryszard J. Reisner, Marcel Weyland, Leo Yankevich, Marek Urban, Marian Polak-Chlabicz, Lorenz Scherlag. The article poses questions about the criteria of effective and congenial translation, and about the methods of domesticating (conventionalizing) translations. Special attention has been paid to the following problems of the translation of Leśmian’s poetry: linguistic innovation, demands of versifi cation, neologisms, references to Polish folklore, intertextual allusions.
Aesthetics of full visibility. The affirmative aspect of negation in the art of
dance
Authors: Müller Alicja
Published: January 2020

The aim of this article is to analyze the positive (affi rmative) side of negation on the example
of changes in the aesthetics of classical ballet, modern dance, and postmodern choreography.
It demonstrates that every negation is, at the same time, a negotiation. In this context, negotiation
means fi ghting for the visibility and representation of bodies that do not fi t in the classical canon of
ballet, which is presented as a system of oppression. The fi rst part is of a theoretical character and
focuses on the aesthetic changes in the fi eld of the art of dance. The second part provides an analysis
of two contemporary examples of choreographies („The Old Woman and the Door” by Mats Ek
and „C.O.R.P.uS” by Compagnie de l’Oiseau-Mouche) in which old and diseased bodies appear
at the center of both the performance and the audience’s attention. The defi nition of the aesthetics
of full visibility serves as a descriptive frame for dance performances that abolish the invisibility
of bodies incompatible with the classical canon.
Samuel Beckett and Poland (1981–2008)
Authors: Kędzierski Marek
Published: January 2020

The article concentrates on the Polish reception of Samuel Beckett in the years 1981–2008.
It fi rst examines the negative opinions on Beckett, expressed by writers who did not speak highly
of his work, e.g. Czesław Miłosz. It subsequently deals with Beckett’s translations, mostly by Kędzierski
and Libera, both of whom actually collaborated with the author. The article offers discusses
Polish theatre productions of in the context of Polish history, especially the fall of the communist
regime, showing how Beckett’s spectacles coincided with the democratic changes in the country.
Special attention is paid to Antoni Libera’s achievement not only as a translator, but also a theatre
director, who staged Beckett’s plays in a way that was meant to convey the writer’s visions.
The article also looks at a selection of actors who have played Beckett’s characters, e.g. Giulia
Lazzarini, and how they contributed to Beckett’s reception in Poland. The last part of the article
concerns alternative projects inspired by Beckett’s works, such as Piotr Szczerski’s eleven spectacles
played simultaneously in different parts of Teatr Żeromskiego in Kielce.