bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Factors influencing the growth and yield of grains of paradise: extra income for farmers
Authors: Yeboah Regina , Owusu Daniel Osei , Ihejirika Christopher , Ohaegbulem Jennifer Amarachi
Published: May 2024

The Forestry Commission of Ghana has adopted forest plantations as a strategy to ensure landscape restoration, enhance environmental quality and develop a sustainable resource base to satisfy future timber demands. Modified Taungya System (MTS) is a co-management system between the Forestry Commission and smallholder farmer that allows inter-cropping of timber and food crops. Practitioners and farmers observed decline in NTFPs from the wild, which in recent times have become a threat to source of livelihood that often contributes significantly to household incomes. NTFPs were introduced in MTS to engage farmers to protect the forest from wildfire and decreased theft incidences. However, farmers had to leave these lands because their crops were not doing well during canopy closure. Grains of Paradise amongst others were found to do well under shade but the best silvicultural practice to apply is indefinite. This study was undertaking to research and determine the best condition (tree stand spacing and percentage of shade) suitable for Grains of Paradise cultivation. Primary data were collected from the field. The results shows that Grains of Paradise can grow well and produce high yield under tree stands with a planting distance of 4 x 4m and a shade cover of 86% and. The Production of GoP should be introduced to other MTS farmers and interested farmers throughout the country as an alternative livelihood.
How eyesight is associated to pulse rate?
Authors: Hamid Daima , Imran Qadir Muhammad
Published: May 2024

Objective of present study was to link pulse rate with eyesight. Human pulse rate is different for different individuals. It is related to the physiology of the human body. Pulse is dilation of an artery rhythmically. Pulse rate shows the heart beats per minute. Eyesight is the range of sight at which human can see clearly. The normal human eye can see clearly at a distance of 20feet. Far-sightedness and near-sightedness is a common disease related to eyesight. 255subjects gave their consent to participate in this project. Pulse rate was checked and related question was asked. Total subjects data analysis was done without discrimination of gender. Results showed that subjects having higher pulse rate had eyesight between -2 to -1 while lower pulse rate had eyesight between -3 to -2. The t-test was done. It was concluded from the result that pulse rate and eyesight relation is non-significant. Pulse rate has no relation with eyesight.
Parental Legal System Involvement, Positive Childhood Experiences, and Suicide Risk
Authors: Bravo Lilian G. , Meza Jocelyn , Schiff Sara J. , Ahmed Charisse , Elliot Thomas , La Charite Jaime , Choi Kristen
Published: May 2024

OBJECTIVES

To examine whether adverse parental legal system involvement (incarceration, arrest) was associated with suicide risk, accounting for other adverse childhood experiences, and whether there was a moderating relationship between positive childhood experiences (PCEs) and parental legal system involvement in suicide risk.

METHODS

This cross-sectional study used 2-year follow-up data from the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development Study when children were age 11 to 12 years. Outcomes were lifetime suicidal ideation, attempts, and nonsuicidal self-injury (NSSI). Exposures were parent incarceration or arrest. We used generalized linear models to estimate the relative risk of suicide outcomes from adverse parent legal involvement and whether there was an interaction between parent legal system involvement and PCE count, controlling for adverse childhood experiences and demographic factors.

RESULTS

Among our sample (n = 10 532;), 687 children (6.5%) reported parent incarceration and 1265 (12.0%) reported parent arrest. Suicidal ideation was the most frequent risk outcome (n = 490; 4.7%). Children whose parents had been incarcerated had a relative risk of suicidal ideation of 1.74 (95% CI: 1.32–2.31). Children whose parents had been arrested had a relative risk of suicidal ideation of 1.89 (95% CI: 1.53–2.37) and a relative risk of suicide attempt of 2.69 (95% CI: 1.7–4.25). Parental incarceration/arrest were not associated with NSSI. PCEs were associated with reduced relative risk of suicidal ideation and NSSI, though there was no significant interaction between PCEs and adverse parent legal system involvement exposures.

CONCLUSIONS

Parental legal system involvement may negatively affect child mental health. Strengthening PCEs in childhood may mitigate suicide-related risks.
Can left atrial diameter measured by computed tomography predict the presence and degree of left ventricular diastolic dysfunction?
Authors: Kim Gae An , Na Ji Ung , Shin Dong Hyuk , Lee Jang Hee
Published: May 2024

Objective: This study was conducted to determine whether the presence and degree of left ventricular diastolic dysfunction (LVDD) can be predicted by the simple computed tomography (CT)-measured left atrial diameter (CTLAD).Methods: Among adult patients who underwent both chest CT imaging and echocardiography in the emergency department from January 2020 to December 2021, a retrospective cross-sectional study enrolled patients in whom the time interval between the two tests was <24 hours. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis was used to evaluate the diagnostic power of CTLAD for echocardiographic LVDD.Results: In a study involving 373 patients, 192 (51.5%) had LVDD. Among them, 122 (63.5%) had grade 1, 61 (31.8%) had grade 2, and nine (4.7%) had ≥grade 3. Median CTLAD values were 4.1 cm for grade 1, 4.5 cm for grade 2, and 4.9 cm for ≥grade 3. The area under the ROC curve value of CTLAD in distinguishing ≥grade 1, ≥grade 2 (optimal cutoff ≥4.4 cm), and ≥grade 3 (optimal cutoff ≥4.5 cm) were 0.588, 0.657 (sensitivity, 61.4%; specificity, 66.0%, positive predictive value, 29.5%; negative predictive value, 88.1%; odds ratio, 3.1), and 0.834 (sensitivity, 88.9%; specificity, 70.1%; positive predictive value, 6.8%; negative predictive value, 99.6%, odds ratio, 18.7), respectively.Conclusion: CTLAD ≥4.4 cm can be used as a rough reference value to distinguish LVDD of ≥grade 2, while CTLAD ≥4.5 cm can very reliably distinguish LVDD of ≥grade 3. CTLAD might be a very useful parameter for predicting LVDD in situations where echocardiography is not available.
Evaluation of the quality of emergency department management for patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
Authors: King Pascale J. , Ramic Lana , Wilson Janet , Aaron Shawn , Stiell Ian G.
Published: May 2024

Objective: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is associated with exacerbations and high risk of serious outcomes. Our goal was to determine the appropriateness of the emergency department (ED) management of COPD exacerbations.Methods: This observational cohort study incorporated a health records review and included COPD exacerbation cases seen at two large academic EDs. We included all patients with the primary diagnosis of COPD exacerbation. From the electronic medical record, demographic and clinical data were abstracted, and the Ottawa COPD Risk Score (OCRS) was calculated for each. Short-term serious outcomes included intensive care unit admission, intubation, myocardial infarction, noninvasive positive pressure ventilation (NIV), and death at 30 days. Cases were judged for appropriateness of treatment according to explicit indications and standards developed a priori.Results: We enrolled 500 cases with mean age of 71.9 years, 51.2% female patients, 50.2% admitted, and 4.4% death. The calculated OCRS score was >2 for 70.8% of patients. The treatments provided were inhaled β-agonists (82.6%), inhaled anticholinergics (76.6%), corticosteroids (75.2%), antibiotics (71.0%), oxygen (63.8%), NIV (8.8%), and intubation (0.6%). Overall, 50.0% of cases were judged to have had inadequate management due to missing treatments. Specifically, the proportion of missing treatments were inhaled β-agonist (17.0%), inhaled anticholinergic (22.6%), corticosteroids (24.4%), antibiotics (12.8%), and NIV (2.0%).Conclusion: Adequate treatment of COPD exacerbation was lacking in 50.0% of patients in these two large academic EDs. Concerning were the number of patients not receiving corticosteroids or antibiotics. Implementation of explicit treatment standards should lead to improved patient care of this common and serious condition.
La expresión del poder civil en el paro nacional de 2021: etnografías del estallido social de Colombia
Authors: Valenzuela Jessica
Published: May 2024

Este texto es el resultado de etnografías, en plural, del paro nacional de 2021, también llamado “estallido social de Colombia”. Durante la investigación, recuperé dos formas del mismo método: la etnografía clásica de los repertorios de acción y la netnografía, como método de registro de las plataformas virtuales. Esta inmersión en campo nos dice que en esta movilización una parte de la sociedad logró un consenso sobre la inviabilidad de la reforma tributaria propuesta por el gobierno de Iván Duque. A este consenso lo acompañó la demanda y defensa de una pluralidad de intereses colectivos de diferentes comunidades, organizaciones e iniciativas autónomas. Por ello, sostengo que el paro nacional develó la capacidad de los actores sociales para participar en las definiciones de los bienes públicos y derechos, que llamaré poder civil.
¡Sentenciadas! Las comunidades étnicas y la gestión gubernamental de la diferencia étnico-racial
Authors: Castañeda Carolina
Published: May 2024

En este artículo analizo la categoría “comunidad étnica” como mecanismo de la gubernamentalidad que gestiona y reactualiza la diferencia étnico-racial en Colombia. Para ello, examino su emergencia y uso en los procesos de la Consulta previa libre e informada. Acudo a la revisión y análisis de sentencias de la Corte Constitucional, a entrevistas en profundidad y a la observación participante en la Orinoquía para mostrar cómo la reflexión jurídica sobre los derechos a la diferencia produce nuevas subjetividades que se presentan como anteriores al Estado nación, a la vez que agencia nuevas estructuras burocráticas estatales. Este trabajo se enmarca en la antropología del Estado y se sustenta principalmente en las teorías de las identidades y la gubernamentalidad.
Effects of organic amendments on yield determining properties and macronutrient content of maize
Authors: Tóth Ariel , Tóth Zoltán
Published: May 2024

The use of organic fertilization is declining in Hungary due to the sharp fall of livestock stand since the middle of the 1980s. Most farmers are forced to use solely chemical crop enhancers. A bifactorial small plot experiment was carried out between 10 May 2023 and 19 October 2023 in Keszthely, in order to examine the effects of farmyard manure (M), green manure (GM) and stem residues (SR) on the nutrient uptake and nitrogen utilization efficiencies of maize at equidistantly increasing (0–70–140–210–280 kg N ha–1) nitrogen doses. The relationship between some vegetative traits (dry biomass weight, Leaf Area Index (LAI)) and yield, furthermore leaf relative water content (RWC) was also examined. According to the results, organic fertilizer substitution significantly increased the N content both in whole plant and grain samples of NPK+M and NPK+GM+SR treatments, compared to the chemically fertilized control (NPK). In case of P and K only slight differences were observed. Whole plant K contents of NPK+M were significantly higher than in the other treatments (P = 0.045; P = 0,005), furthermore P contents in grain samples were significantly higher in NPK+M (P = 0.004) and NPK+GM+SR (P = 0.05) than in control. Harvest index (HI [%]) of NPK+M and NPK+GM+SR were 1.06 and 1.05 times higher than in NPK. Depending on the treatment, P0023 maize hybrid absorbed 58.7–74.64% of total N uptake in the grain (HIN%), and the utilization of 1 kg N fertilizer for the extra yield above the yield of the individual control was 0.39–1.38 kg (AREN). Significant positive correlations were observed between dry biomass weight and yield (NPK: r = 0.937, P = 0.019; NPK+M: r = 0.971, P = 0.006; NPK+GM+SR: r = 0.88, P = 0.049), furthermore LAI and yield (NPK: r = 0.9, P = 0.037; NPK+M: r = 0.983, P = 0.003; NPK+GM+SR: r = 0.784, P = 0.117). Highest RWC values – which may be related to better soil aggregate stability – were measured in NPK+GM+SR treatment, therefore there may be a great potential in this treatment among drought conditions. The effect of organic amendments is particularly noticeable with smaller nitrogen doses so they should be used to reduce inorganic fertilizer application and the resulting environmental risks.
Signatura Apostólica y expulsión de una religiosa: derecho de defensa y fin del litigio por conciliación entre las partes
Authors: Núñez Gerardo
Published: May 2024

Al hilo del cometario de dos sentencias de la Signatura Apostólica sobre la expulsión de una religiosa se tratarán los aspectos esenciales del derecho de defensa (posible contradictorio y asistencia técnica forense) en el procedimiento de expulsión de un religioso, y los motivos del fin de litigio ante la Signatura Apostólica, especialmente el de la conciliación entre las partes.
Javier FERRER ORTIZ (ed.), El régimen jurídico de los ministros de culto. Actas del X Simposio Internacional de Derecho concordatario. Zaragoza, 1 al 3 de junio de 2022, Comares, Granada 2023, 625 pp., ISBN 979-84-1369-624-9
Authors: García-Nieto-Barón María
Published: May 2024

Book Review
Blanca VINTANEL LUCIENTES, Análisis de los debates parlamentarios de las leyes orgánicas de educación promulgadas en España desde 1980 a 2022, Aranzadi, Cizur Menor 2023, 395 pp., ISBN 978-84-1163-289-8
Authors: Martín-García María-del-Mar
Published: May 2024

Book Review
Features of the vitality of student youth in conditions of uncertainty
Authors: Moroz Tatyana
Published: May 2024

The publication addresses the issue of the viability of modern youth in conditions of uncertainty. The concept of uncertainty, the concept of vitality, the type of attachment in various scientific directions is considered. The purpose of the study was to study the viability of student youth in conditions of uncertainty. The hypothesis of the study is that vitality in conditions of uncertainty in individuals with different types of representation of attachment to the mother and the nature of relationships in adulthood has psychological characteristics: individuals with a reliable type of representation of attachment choose constructive coping strategies when resolving emotionally tense situations, have a low level of intrapersonal conflicts, have value orientations that are individual priorities and are often manifested in behavior under conditions of uncertainty; have a high level of self-activation. The study involved 141 people, 3rd–4th year students of different areas of training at Tula State University and the International Police Academy of the WPA. The work was carried out using methods — questionnaire M. Maskulintser, F. Shaver Interview about attachment in adulthood; to determine ways to overcome difficult situations in various areas of mental activity, the method of R. Lazarus and S. Folkman, to diagnose value orientations, the test of S. Schwartz, to determine the level of intrapersonal conflict, the test of A. Shipilov; to determine the level of self-activation, the technique of M. Odintsova, N. Radchikova.
It was revealed that to overcome a situation of uncertainty it is necessary to be viable and be able to manage your resources. At the same time, it is precisely the conditions of uncertainty that affect the ability to adequately assess and control the situation, the ability to value reorientations, and return to past life experiences. The vitality of student youth in conditions of uncertainty is determined by individual life experience — the type of representation of attachment formed in childhood. A healthy emotional connection with a significant adult, his love forms a reliable type of attachment, which provides a resource that allows one to resolve difficulties most effectively and accept changes.
Patterning method as a way of method compression implementing in professionally oriented foreign language training of students at non-linguistic universities
Authors: Bgantseva Irina , Glebova Ekaterina , Ionkina Ekaterina , Tikhaeva Victoria
Published: May 2024

Against the background of the serious geopolitical changes in the country and in the world, vocational education, especially the aspects related to a foreign language training of students, is undergoing a significant transformation. The very clearly manifested tendency to reduce the classroom-based activities of communication with students remains the prevailing factor, which forces methodologists to focus their attention on finding some new effective tools to compensate for the number of hours that are obviously insufficient for the development of communication skills in a foreign language. The authors believe that the indicated problem can be solved in the widespread use of the method compression by involving the patterning method in the study process. The purpose of the study is to investigate the potential of the patterning method as a means of method compression implementing in the professionally oriented foreign language training of students at non-linguistic universities. The authors are convinced that despite the widespread use of the patterning method in the practice of teaching foreign languages, it has not received worthy theoretical consideration in the domestic linguistic and didactic field, especially within the framework of university foreign language education, which predetermined the relevance of the study.
In the article, the authors consider in detail the patterning method and its use technology in a professionally oriented environment at non-linguistic universities when implementing a foreign language training of students. The results of a pedagogical experiment on the introduction of the method under study into the process of education are also presented. The article suggests a possible block of the patterns when studying the topic «My University». In the conclusion part, the authors identify the components of the patterning method that affect the effectiveness of mastering course content and contribute to the level increase of a foreign language communicative competence among students at non-linguistic universities.
TEACHING PHRASEOLOGICAL UNITS AND INTERCULTURAL COMMUNICATION IN THE DIDACTICS OF SPANISH AS A FOREIGN LANGUAGE: A PRAGMALINGUISTIC APPROACH
Authors: Simón Yessy Villavicencio , Melian Ivan Gabriel Grajales
Published: May 2024

ABSTRACT The aim of the study is to establish the dynamics of the teaching and learning process of the phraseological units, by virtue of the formation of lexical competence in the student of Spanish as a foreign language, at the University of Oriente, Santiago de Cuba. A qualitative literature review analysis is carried out within the interpretative paradigm, which has led to an investigation of the theoretical references to the didactics of phraseological units in Spanish as a foreign language and the notion of lexical competence (GÓMEZ MOLINA, 2000; RUIZ GURILLO, 2000; NAVARRO, 2003; MADRID, 2002; BARALO, 2006; CORTINA, 2009; LÓPEZ VÁZQUEZ, 2010; VILLAVICENCIO SIMÓN, 2011; LEAL RIOL, 2012; VILLAVICENCIO SIMÓN; GRAJALES MELIAN, 2012; TIMOFEEVA, 2013; ALESSANDRO, 2015; SARACHO, 2015; SZYNDLER, 2015; GONZÁLEZ, 2016; VILLAVICENCIO SIMÓN; TARDO; CAUSSE, 2020; AGUILERA GÁMEZ; VILLAVICENCIO SIMÓN, 2021; VILLAVICENCIO SIMÓN; GRAJALES MELIAN, 2021a, b; SIMÓN; MELIAN; CATHCART, 2022; VILLAVICENCIO SIMÓN; GRAJALES MELIAN, 2022) in relation with the intercultural communication (SOCORRO CASTILLO, 2005; FERNÁNDEZ DOMECQ; VILLAVICENCIO SIMÓN; RIVERO CRUZ, 2019; VILLEGAS PAREDES, 2016; VILLAVICENCIO SIMÓN; RIVERO; FERNÁNDEZ, 2018; GONZÁLEZ, 2019; VILLAVICENCIO SIMÓN et al., 2021; VILLAVICENCIO SIMÓN; CRUZ; DOMECQ, 2022). A pragmalinguistic characterisation of the dynamics of the teaching and learning process of phraseological units to enrich lexical competence in the non-Spanish-speaking learner is offered, on the basis of the foundations provided. By way of conclusion, the relevance of continuing to expand the different theoretical and methodological positions regarding the revaluation of the pragmalinguistic dimension of phraseological units in the didactic planning of Spanish as a foreign language, with the aim of fostering intercultural communication in a situation of immersion is indicated.
ENSAIO SOBRE O MAL (DILMA, ROSA)
Authors: Penna Joao Camillo Barros de Oliveira
Published: May 2024

RESUMO O artigo reconstitui o momento do processo de impeachment da presidente Dilma Rousseff, a partir de sequências de documentários realizados sobre o fato e sobre ela, sobretudo de autoria de diretoras mulheres. O centro do artigo gira em torno de algumas considerações de Dilma sobre a noção de mal. Em seguida, faz-se uma leitura de certos trechos do romance de João Guimarães Rosa, Grande Sertão: Veredas, mencionado por Dilma em sua fala em um dos filmes. Momentos do romance foram usados por José Miguel Wisnik, em textos de intervenção, relacionando-os à história brasileira recente. O artigo termina com uma breve análise do motivo da guerra jagunça no romance de Rosa.
DE “NÓS” PARA “A GENTE”: A NARRATIVA COLETIVA EM TORTO ARADO
Authors: Xing Fan
Published: May 2024

RESUMO Na literatura brasileira contemporânea, evidencia-se uma evolução da narrativa centrada no indivíduo para uma abordagem coletiva. Esta transição, no entanto, frequentemente se restringe a grupos específicos, criando barreiras na comunicação entre diferentes identidades. Recentemente, algumas obras de ficção no Brasil têm transcendido essa limitação, sendo Torto Arado, de Itamar Vieira Junior, um exemplo notável. Este artigo investiga, por meio das teorias da “multidão”, de Hardt e Negri, e de análises linguísticas dos pronomes da primeira pessoa do plural, como Torto Arado consegue, ao focar em personagens femininas de um quilombo, abraçar uma inclusividade que “otencialmente une diversos gêneros, raças, classes e regiões. Argumenta-se que a transição da “escrita de nós” para a escrita da gente” simboliza um novo paradigma na narrativa coletiva, permitindo a inclusão de uma gama mais ampla de vozes e experiências.
Dilemas derivados del uso de sistemas autónomos de armas letales en el derecho internacional humanitario
Authors: Aravena Flores Marcos Antonio
Published: May 2024

La inteligencia artificial (IA) ha sido una tecnología que, en esta última década, se ha utilizado en el ámbito militar, lo que ha dado origen a los denominados sistemas autónomos de armas letales (SAAL) que han generado preocupación desde el plano del derecho internacional por su desarrollo y uso en conflictos bélicos. Objetivo: la investigación argumenta que los SAAL no son capaces para dar estricto cumplimiento a los principios básicos del derecho internacional humanitario (DIH), principalmente, respecto con el principio de distinción, precaución y de proporcionalidad, lo que permite identificar cuáles serán los dilemas legales que deparan este tipo de armas. Método: la investigación es cualitativa, de tipo jurídico documental y enmarcada dentro del método dogmático. Resultados: el uso de SAAL presenta varios obstáculos que permiten sostener que dichas armas autónomas no pueden dar estricto cumplimiento a los principios del DIH. Ante dicho incumplimiento, es necesario afrontar las complejidades de esta tecnología en el futuro desde el plano legal. Conclusiones: los dilemas legales en la medida que se desarrolle esta tecnología se centran en el desarrollo de marcos regulatorios aplicables a los SAAL y la incorporación del control humano significativo en los procesos de toma de decisión que serequiera con ocasión de estas armas autónomas, para lograr una solución jurídica a los cuestionamientos que el progresivo desarrollo tecnológico depara, sin socavar la innovación.
Comment on Lundh (2023)
Authors: Hofmann Stefan G. , Pereira Bruno , Barbosa Carolina , Lindsay Cameron E.
Published: May 2024

In this commentary of Lundh’s (2023) article, we point to an individualized process-based approach for the future of psychotherapy. The traditional nomothetic research paradigm is limiting our understanding of processes of change, oversimplifying psychological phenomena, and neglecting individual dynamics. In contrast, a process-based approach calls for ideographic methodologies, departing from the latent-disease paradigm toward process-based interventions. Process-based research promises avenues for enhancing intervention science and a deeper comprehension about psychopathology and therapeutic mechanisms, in a comprehensive, personalized, and holistic manner.
Comparison of isokinetic exercise and standard exercise protocol in patients with spondyloarthropathies
Authors: Petrc Nenad , Brentin Matija , Vučković Mirela , Kehler Tatjana
Published: May 2024

Introduction: Spondyloarthropathy is a group of different chronic rheumatic diseases. There are a number of physiotherapy interventions that all aim to support the trunk flexors and extensors, relieve pain, and mobilize the joints. The aim of this study is to compare isokinetic exercises (IE) with a standard exercise protocol in patients with spondyloarthropathies.
Methods: A total of 16 subjects participated in the study and were randomly divided into two groups: The group with the standard protocol (SP) and the other in the isokinetic protocol (IP). Both groups underwent the same follow-up testing: Muscle strength, pain, and functional status. Both groups underwent a total of 15 physiotherapy interventions over a 3-week period.
Results: The mean age in the standard group was 36 ± 7.93 and in the isokinetic group 46.13 ± 13.88. In the isokinetic group, there was a difference in pain intensity between the second and third measurements (p = 0.016). There was an improvement in muscle strength in the isokinetic group (Cohen’s d = 0.33). At an angular velocity (AV) of 60°/s, this group is better than the delayed SP, while it is directly better at an AV of 90°/s (d = 0.30). The delayed measurement of the groups (IP) showed a lower functional deficit than the SP group (p = 0.012).
Conclusion: Based on the results of this study and a search of the scientific literature, we can conclude that IE has been shown to be beneficial rather than harmful. Further longitudinal studies with a larger number of subjects are needed to investigate the effects of isokinetics on functional outcomes in rheumatology patients.
Pencirian Geohazad Tanah Runtuh Pendam Lama di Kawasan Bukit Fraser, Pahang
Authors: Razmi Nur Syarienna , Umor Mohd Rozi , Arifin Mohd Hariri , Simon Norbert , Sulaiman Norasiah , Mohd Nazer Nor Shahidah
Published: May 2024

Bukit Fraser terletak di kawasan berbukit di Malaysia, kewujudan tanah runtuh pendam lama menimbulkan kebimbangan. Objektif kajian ini adalah untuk memperoleh pemahaman menyeluruh tentang keadaan tanah runtuh pendam lama melalui integrasi empat pendekatan utama iaitu analisis topografi, pemetaan lapangan, analisis petrografi dan kaedah keberintangan geoelektrik. Gabungan kesemua kaedah ini bertujuan untuk mengumpulkan data yang diperlukan bagi menggambarkan dengan tepat morfologi, sifat geologi dan keadaan subpermukaan. Lima garis tinjauan keberintangan geoelektrik telah dijalankan di pelbagai lokasi di sekitar kawasan Bukit Fraser. Bukit Fraser dicirikan oleh batuan granit sebagai unit geologi utama. Jenis batu, jenis tanah, tanah baki, zon tanah runtuh, zon sesar dan kehadiran jasad air yang ditentukan berdasarkan nilai keberintangan iaitu batu dasar granit (> 2000 Ωm), jenis tanah termasuk lempung dan lodak (50 - 200 Ωm), zon tanah runtuh (<100 Ωm), tanah baki (200 - 2000 Ωm), zon sesar (200 - 500 Ωm) dan jasad air (<100 Ωm). Zon tanah runtuh pendam lama ditafsirkan berdasarkan peta topografi dan data Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar (ifSAR). Sebanyak 81 lokasi tanah runtuh terletak di zon tanah runtuh pendam lama direkodkan dari Januari 2021 hingga Mac 2022. Analisis petrografi dilakukan ke atas lima sampel batuan menunjukkan bahawa canggaan berlaku pada batuan, mineral yang terluluhawa, feldspar dihancurkan dan kuarza dihancurkan menjadi butiran kecil. Kesimpulannya, analisis topografi menunjukkan zon tanah runtuh pendam lama di kawasan kajian mengikut ciri seperti kerawang di bahagian kepala, cerun cekung di bahagian tengah serta topografi cembung dan morfologi seperti bentuk sudu. Maklumat ini membantu dalam kerja lapangan, analisis petrografi dan kaedah keberintangan geoelektrik. Analisis petrografi membantu memahami canggaan dan mineral. Kajian keberintangan geoelektrik telah dijalankan menggunakan zon yang ditafsirkan, tetapi hasil profil subpermukaan menunjukkan hanya garis tinjauan FH2 dan FH4 terletak di dalam zon tanah runtuh pendam lama.
Development of Real-time PCR Method for Detection of Xanthomonas campestris pv. juglandis Causing Walnut Bacterial Blight
Authors: Dong Yuqing , Ling Xie , Zhu Hanmingyue , Zhu Tianhui
Published: May 2024

Walnut is one of the important economic tree species in the world. For the past few years, with the continuous expansion of walnut planting area, walnut bacterial blight caused by Xanthomonas campestrispv. juglandis has critically affected walnut production and caused economic losses. In this research, by comparing the gene sequences of X. campestrispv. juglandis and its closely related bacterial species, the 16S rDNA gene sequence was selected, and the specific primers were evaluated using PCR. Subsequently, the real-time fluorescence PCR specific detection method of X. campestrispv. juglandis was established and optimized. The specificity of real-time PCR was verified for 23 strains isolated from walnut and its surrounding soil, including eight target pathogens. The specific amplification was possible even when the cDNA template concentration was 7.0×10-5 µg/mL, hence, the detection sensitivity of the standard method is 7.0×10-5 µg/mL. The reliability of the established real-time PCR detection method in field detection was verified by the identification of target bacteria in 8 randomly collected healthy leaves and leaves of suspected walnut blight. This method laid a foundation for the early diagnosis of X. campestrispv. juglandis.
DYNAMICS OF STUDENTS’ PSYCHOLOGICAL WELL-BEING
Authors: Kalvāns Ēriks
Published: May 2024

This scientific article reflects the results of research on the psychological well-being of students of Rēzekne Academy of Technologies in 2019 and 2023. The need for such studies is justified by recent studies in various countries, which show that the prevalence and severity of mental problems among young people is increasing. Taken together, these studies show that students are increasingly experiencing symptoms of increased anxiety and stress, as well as depression. Thus, the deterioration of students' psychological well-being is a major challenge in modern universities. The aim of the empirical study: to reflect the dynamics of the level and content of the psychological well-being of young students. The analysis of scientific literature and empirical results is used as a basic method in the development of the article.
INSUFFICIENT PHYSICAL ACTIVITY AND ITS IMPACT ON NATIONAL ECONOMY AND SECURITY
Authors: Kuzņecova Kristīne
Published: May 2024

Healthy and active people not only strengthen the health of the population of Latvia, prolong life in good health, prevent premature mortality, but also make an important contribution to the economic development and security of the country. Unfortunately, Latvia ranks among the last places in a number of areas among the EU member states. Latvian Health and Fitness Association (LVFA) has adapted the “Deloitte Research” global study on the preventive impact of physical activity on the national economy to the circumstances in Latvia, revealing that the Latvian economy suffers significant losses every year due to physically inactivity among the population. Furthermore, insufficient physical fitness also affects the internal and external security of the country. Must be concluded also across the globe governments face rising healthcare costs and the increasing prevalence of lifestyle diseases. This raises questions as to how bet improve the health of populations, while keeping healthcare and security costs under control. The aim of the article is to study the impact of insufficient physical activity on the national economy and security, to recommend directions for policy development in this field, and to propose improvements of the legal framework. Analytical method, comparative method, as well as the method of qualitative and quantitative data analysis were used in the development of the article.
DOLPHIN ASSISTED THERAPY: WELFARE OF BOTH PATIENTS WITH DEPRESSION AND PARTICIPATING DOLPHINS
Authors: Kreiviniene Brigita , Lupeikaitė Laura , Bredelytė Aelita , Kleiva Žilvinas
Published: May 2024

The main aim of this research was to measure the effect of dolphin assisted therapy on both patients and participating dolphins. The research measured welfare of patients with depression and situational welfare of dolphins which participated in the dolphin assisted therapy programme. Patients with organic depression took part in two-week dolphin assisted therapy sessions. When measuring situational welfare of dolphins, the study sample consisted of nine individual dolphins (Tursiops truncatus ponticus, Lat.): three males and six females ranging from five to twenty years. The main research results revealed that psychosocial characteristics of patients with organic depression disorder as well as patients’ self-evaluation changed statistically significantly, the symptoms of depression decreased. The research revealed that patients were much more physically active during the period of participation in the dolphin assisted therapy process than before. The analysis of dolphin behaviour brought to the light that most of the therapy time dolphins behaved positively. There were noticed no therapy sessions where the dolphin behaviour would be evaluated as more negative than positive or just negative.
PECULIARITIES OF JUNIOR BALLROOM DANCERS’ MOTIVATION
Authors: Ušpurienė Aistė Barbora
Published: May 2024

The aim of this research is paid to the peculiarities of junior ballroom dancers’ motivation. The sample of the research consisted of 70 12-15-aged junior ballroom dancers – 40 girls and 30 boys. The sport motivation scale (SMS) was chosen in order to reveal this issue. The study revealed that the internal motivation of junior dancers was expressed more than the external motivation, but some statements that reflect the internal motivation were evaluated differently by the dancers. The dancers did not have a strong opinion – they doubted the statements of the external motivation subscales. The dancers mostly disagreed with the following statements: I dance because my friends and other people respect and appreciate me for it and I dance because I think it’s one of the best ways to make friends and communicate. The amotivation of the dancers was not strongly expressed. They did not doubt their success, why they were dancing and they had no thoughts that they will not achieve their intended purpose. The girls that dance ballroom dances have higher internal motivation – to find out and internal motivation – experience; meanwhile, the boys had stronger internal motivation – to strive for perfection. It was also revealed the external motivation – to get identified and coincide – was important for the junior dancers of the both groups.
EFFECTS OF FACE MASKS ON CARDIORESPIRATORY PARAMETERS DURING EXERCISE VELOERGOMETRY TEST
Authors: Ozols Edgars , Galeja Zinta , Kaupužs Aivars
Published: May 2024

The COVID-19 pandemic has sparked ongoing scientific discussions about the adverse effects of wearing face masks on cardiorespiratory indicators, and the subjective response to exertion. Many researchers have investigated the impact of wearing face masks on different physiological factors through various exercise routines, such as a progressive cycling test, the 6-minute walk test, and treadmill walking at a constant pace, yielding inconsistent findings. This study aimed to examine the physiological and perceptual responses of wearing surgical face masks during and after the veloegometry test. Fifteen healthy young adults (mean age, 26.8±4.4 years, 5 males and 10 females) conducted the Astrand-Rhyming veloegometry protocol twice (with and without masks). Physiological outcomes (heart rate, maximal oxygen uptake, and oxygen saturation level), perceived exertion, and discomfort feeling by modified Borg scale were assessed. No significant differences were observed in physiological outcomes with or without masks during increasing load intensities (p > 0.05) except for the last minute of testing and the minute after testing (p ≤ 0.005). Participants wearing masks reported the tendency of higher exertion level (3.8±1.08 vs 4.4±0.9) but statistical analysis can't definitively confirm it. While exercising with a face mask may not adversely affect cardiorespiratory factors, it can elevate perceived exertion levels and discomfort, particularly when exercise intensity exceeds a certain threshold.
EDUCATIONAL NEEDS OF OLDER ADULTS
Authors: Pivoriene Jolanta , Zemaitaityte Irena , Bardauskiene Raminta , Katkoniene Agata , Sadauskas Justinas
Published: May 2024

The aim of the article is to find out educational needs of older adults and to discuss the process of the training course development and its implementation jointly with older learners in Lithuania. Mixed methods research was applied incorporating survey and participatory research. The training course was developed based on international survey data aiming to reach older learners who had less possibilities to engage in a lifelong learning process. Data analysis revealed similarities across countries, based on which the general template of the course was developed. It included topics in biological, psychological and sociological aspects of ageing, networking and joint research possibilities.  However, data showed that there were variations in needs not only between countries but inside countries as well. Participatory research approach allowed older learners to follow the needs and to make necessary changes. Such changes were made in content (for ex., some sociological topics substituted by culture) and in organization (less intensity and shorter sessions) of the course. Even if the learners agreed to involve in participatory research, at the end they were told that it was too many interviews and discussions. On the other hand, they were proud that other learners will take their designed course.
EXPANDING THE ROLE OF EDUCATION IN EATING DISORDER PREVENTION: THE ROLE OF A SOCIO-CULTURAL APPROACH
Authors: Laužonytė Alma
Published: May 2024

The research on eating disorder (ED) prevention, evolving since the mid-1990s has primarily focused on medical and psychiatric perspectives, emphasising diagnosis and treatment. At the same, there is a growing recognition that prevention efforts, despite their critical importance, are underrepresented in academic literature. This study aims to promote a more holistic approach, integrating education as a pivotal socio-cultural factor in ED prevention. The study delineates a shift from a predominantly medical model to a more inclusive socio-cultural framework. It stresses the need for interdisciplinary collaboration and emphasises the critical role of educational strategies in the broader context of ED prevention. The aim of this article is to conduct a review of the scientific literature in order to provide a clearer picture of general research trends and paradigms in ED, and to expand the role and relevance of ED prevention in an educational context. While acknowledging that social environments including micro, meso, macro systems influence the development of ED, this paper focuses on the meso environment, highlighting the importance of schools and school professionals in preventing ED.
METHODS AND ACTIVITIES OF HEALTH COMPETENCE DEVELOPMENT IN NON-FORMAL ENVIRONMENT: EXPERIENCE OF CHILDREN WITH TYPE 1 DIABETES MELLITUS
Authors: Čergelytė-Podgrušienė Indrė , Gudžinskienė Vida
Published: May 2024

Diabetes mellitus is a disease when certain processes in the body, which maintain a normal blood glucose concentration, get imbalanced. Research object is educational methods and activities used for the development and training of health competence. The aim of the research is to reveal educational methods and activities used for the development of health competence in non-formal environment, based on the experience of children with type 1 diabetes mellitus. Research methods: theoretical – analysis, comparison, and generalization of scientific literature; empirical – the use of focus group discussions with children with diabetes mellitus for data collection; Empirical research revealed that various educational methods and activities aimed at developing health competences are carried out for children with type 1 diabetes mellitus in non-formal educational environments (medical facilities, summer camps and health camps). The following activities and classes are used in medical facilities: lessons, conversations, questionnaires, and games. Activities used in summer camps are as follows: walks, cycling, games designed to develop physical activity skills. In the educational environment of health cams, the following educational methods and activities are used for the development of health competence for children with type 1 diabetes mellitus: lessons, games, educational activities, trips, and creative activities.
EXPLORING THE CONSISTENCY BETWEEN TEACHERS' AND PARENTS' RATINGS OF CHILDREN'S LANGUAGE SKILLS
Authors: Trinite Baiba , Tomele Gundega , Rascevska Malgozata
Published: May 2024

Aim: The study investigated the correspondence between parent and teacher assessments of 3 to 6-year-old children's language skills using the Expressive and Receptive Language Scales from the Early Childhood Developmental Screening Toolkit – BAASIK (an acronym in Latvian). Material and methods: Ninety-five preschool teachers and 424 parents participated in an online survey assessing the expressive and receptive language skills of children aged 3 to 6 years. Results: Spearman's correlation analysis revealed statistically significant (p < .001) moderate to strong correlations between the ratings of children’s language skills by parents and teachers.  For the Receptive Language Scales, correlations ranged from rS = .43 to rS = .6, and for the Expressive Language Scales, from rS = .54 to rS = .64. Conclusions: The study confirmed that parents’ and teachers’ assessments of children’s expressive and receptive language skills are significantly correlated. The BAASIK Expressive and Receptive Language Scales used by both parents and teachers could be effective for early screening, potentially aiding in the prompt identification of language development issues and the subsequent referral to speech and language therapy services.
ART BOOKS IN CONTEMPORARY CULTURAL SPACE
Authors: Strode Aina , Līpenīte-Čudarāne Gita
Published: May 2024

A study on art books is necessary to understand their role in contemporary cultural spaces and how to create a great book on art that contributes to enriching cultural landscapes. The article highlights the relevance of printed books in today's context, focusing on art themes, emphasizing the significance of art literature in the digital age, pointing out its ability to offer a deeper engagement with art phenomena. The aim of the article is to explore the types of art books and their significance in contemporary cultural spaces. Research methods include theoretical approaches involving the exploration, compilation, and analysis of relevant scientific and professional literature and sources. A survey, conducted through structured interviews, involved questioning cultural and art experts about the significance of art books in today's cultural spaces. The results of the study demonstrate that the relevance of books, including art books, will persist; their publication in print format will not disappear as art books possess added value created by the physical, tangible format of the book, its design elements, material properties, and diverse culturally significant content.
TRANSGENDER’S RIGHTS TO SPORT COMPETITIONS FOLLOWING THE NEW RECOMMENDATIONS OF THE INTERNATIONAL OLYMPIC COMMITTEE (2021)
Authors: Petrėnaitė Daiva
Published: May 2024

The topic of human rights is taking on new relevant forms, especially when it comes to transgender rights. Their right to participate in sports has always been a subject of much debate. In November 2021 the International Olympic Committee adopted the new recommendations “Framework on Equity, Inclusion and Non-Discrimination on the Basis of Gender Identity and Intersex” on transgender people, which declared that each federation has to decide for itself when setting its own rules regarding the right of these people to participate in sports competitions. So, one thing is clear there is no common position on this issue. The article aims to reveal the practical aspects of such regulation regarding the possibilities and limitations of transgender participation in individual sports. The applied research methods are analysis of legal acts and other documents, review of articles and scientific literature, and qualitative comparative analysis. The research results showed that despite the principles specified in the Framework prohibiting discrimination, in practice these principles can be difficult to harmonize, especially if we speak about fair competition and equal opportunities.
IMAGE OF AN INTEREST-RELATED EDUCATION TEACHER: PERSPECTIVES FROM HEADS OF EDUCATION INSTITUTIONS
Authors: Pavlovs Māris
Published: May 2024

This article analyses the professional and personal qualities of interest-related education teachers, their impact on students and relationships with students, based on the results of a survey of 178 heads of educational institutions. The findings reveal that most heads believe that teachers are usually accurate and timely in their actions, build good relationships with students, and are not too harsh with them. In addition, the heads of the institutions are aware of the potential problems in the learning process and are ready to address these problems. These conclusions reflect the important role of interest-related education teachers in the learning process and point to the need to further develop teachers’ professional and personal qualities in order to ensure an effective learning environment and student development.
PUBLIC EVENTS AS A MEAN OF DESTINATION PROMOTION
Authors: Lingeberzins Eriks
Published: May 2024

Tourism is often considered as a strategic economic development priority not only in areas with high numbers of domestic and international visitors but also in more remote and rural areas. Their ability to attract visitors is often limited by the number and the range of available infrastructure and other tangible and intangible resources. Even defined as development priority, tourism promotion is often underfinanced due to municipality budget priorities and often short-term focus whereas tourism promotion requires long term approaches. Less developed areas are also lacking overall understanding of various tourism impact forms and public officers face challenges communicating tourism marketing spendings to the public. These trends fit under the category of public events as a means of tourism promotion. Two cities qualifying as regional tourism destinations have prioritised public events as tourism promotion priorities. The aim of the research is to explore perception of public events as tourism destination promotion tools in regional tourism destinations.  Research is a case study of public events as a means of tourism destination promotion in Bauska and Talsi city. Primary data has been obtained via semi-structured interviews with involved stakeholders representing public and private sector to develop practically applicable recommendations to other tourism destinations.