bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Uluabat Gölü yüzey alanının zamansal değişim analizi üzerinden DSAS ve yapay sinir ağları modellerine göre gelecek tahminleri
Authors: Uzun Murat
Published: December 2024

Göller jeomorfolojik, hidrografik, klimatolojik ve antropojenik etkenlerle birçok özellik açısından değişimlere uğramaktadır. Bu çalışmanın amacı Uluabat Gölü’nün yüzey alanı ve kıyı çizgisi değişimini zamansal, mekânsal açıdan saptamak ve çeşitli tekniklerle farklı senaryolar kapsamında geleceğe dair öngörüler üretmektir. Çalışmada 1975-2020 arasında 5’er yıllık ile 2023 yılı ve 2022 yılındaki her aya ait birer Landsat uydu görüntüsü kullanılmıştır. Multispektral görüntüler üzerinden su indis analizleri ve eşik yöntemi ile göl yüzey alanı ve kıyı çizgisi çıkarımı yapılmıştır. Daha sonra gölde farklı değişimleri ve geleceğe dönük senaryoları üretmek için 1975-2023, 1985-2023 ve 2005-2023 dönemlerine Sayısal Kıyı Çizgisi Analiz Sisteminde (DSAS) yer alan NSM, SCE, EPR ve LLR istatistik analizleri uygulanmıştır. Dönem verileri temel alınarak Kalman Filter yöntemi ile 10 ve 20 yıllık göl yüzey alanı tahminleri 3 farklı senaryo kapsamında yapılmıştır. Uzun dönem ve aylık kıyı değişimi, DSAS analizleri, batimetri verisi ve geçiş olasılıklarıyla toplamda 8 farklı kriter, Yapay Sinir Ağları (YSA) yönteminde analiz edilmiş ve göl yüzey alanı tahminleri tekrar üretilmiştir. Bulgular, gölün yüzey alanının 1975’den 2023’e % 20 azaldığı ve güney kesimdeki deltada 3000 m’lik kıyı ilerlemesinin olduğunu göstermektedir. YSA modelinde 2023’e göre göl yüzey alanının 2033 yılında % 8, 2043 yılında ise % 13,6 küçüleceği tahmin edilmiştir.
"From America with love"? Love stories and the "Iron Curtain" in the Soviet Thaw cinema
Authors:   Herzen State Pedagogical University of Russia, Riabov Oleg V.
Published: December 2024

The article deals with an analysis of the Soviet Thaw films that contain love stories of USSR and USA citizens. Hollywood released a number of films that told the stories of love between representatives of the two hostile blocs; following the canon established in Ninotchka, they served as a part of the “struggle for hearts and minds,”, as it is shown in many studies. Meanwhile the Soviet cinema also produced the movies that touched the theme of romances between Soviet and American characters: from Meeting on the Elbe (1949) to Lost in Siberia (1991). The author points out that Soviet love stories, like Hollywood ones, served as a weapon of the cultural Cold War. They constructed emigration beyond the Iron Curtain as unacceptable for Soviet citizens, empha-sized the superiority of the masculinity of “us” and functioned as a means of a symbolic demasculinization of the enemy. At the same time, unlike American cinema, the Soviet one released movies that told how a woman of “us” married a man of “them.” However, the family couple chose the USSR as a place of their residence, and it was the woman who rehabilitated the American man, turning him into a Soviet person. Love stories served as a part of not only geo-political but also gender discourse of the Cold War, maintaining and reshaping a certain gender order. Whereas Hollywood constructed the woman as a person who valued the private sphere higher than political beliefs or loyalty to the country, Soviet love stories showed that the woman actively participated in transforming the world, was interested in worldview and political issues, and was able not only to obey a man, but also to lead him. In the perestroika cinema, along with the changes in evaluations of the Soviet way of life, the narrative of love stories was deconstructed: Soviet people emigrated to their beloved ones in the West.
Economic Stances of Ultranationalist Parties in Western Europe
Authors: Matamoros-Becerra Javier
Published: December 2024

The increasing electoral successes of ultranationalist parties in Western Europe have generated an immense number of terms to describe them with radical right, extreme right and populism being the most common denominations. In view of this scenario, the objective of this paper is to carry out a systematic analysis of the ideology of these parties in Western Europe and to compare them with those existing in Latin America. For this purpose, the Chapel Hill Expert Survey database has been used to describe these parties in nine socioeconomic areas. The main results found are that there is a noticeable difference depending on whether these parties are located on one side, or the opposite, of the Atlantic Ocean. Additionally, in Western Europe, they are far less liberal in the economic field than other ideological families. Particularly notorious is the radical position of ultranationalism defending protectionist positions in the face of global free trade. However, the differential aspect of ultranationalism compared to the rest of the ideological families is its postulate in favor of deeply restrictive immigration policies, being also the position that generates more consensus among the different parties united in this ideological family in Western Europe.
Protocol Guidance for Automated Isolation of Viral DNA/RNA in Deep Well PlatesSKU T4010 v1
Authors: Kadam Anagha
Published: December 2024

This protocol details the automated isolation of viral DNA and RNA in deep well plates.
Seifert Lab SOP – Protein Extraction v1
Authors: Seifert Ashley
Published: December 2024

This protocol outlines the basics of protein extraction from ear pinna tissue.
Stone Aggregations or Reefs? Knowledge Politics Around a Transboundary Seabed Complex
Authors: Ittner Irit , Hornidge Anna‐Katharina
Published: December 2024

This study analyses marine governance and knowledge politics of sediments in the Borkum Reef Ground from a historical and German perspective, as well as in the context of litigation against marine gas production from transboundary Dutch and German fields. The authors analysed interview transcripts, project documents, environmental media campaigns, and notes originating from participant observation and stakeholder engagement. The study employs the science and technology and sociology of ignorance approaches. It asks which implications for biodiversity protection and ocean governance derive from administrative fragmentation and knowledge politics by a diverse set of actors. National divisions and prioritised knowledge production led to a shift in perception of the area from a transboundary seabed habitat to two distinct national marine areas and resulted in a fragmented Schutzgebietskulisse including marine protected areas, restoration zones, and unprotected zones. The study illustrates how the prioritisation of mapping marine protected areas may backfire on knowledge gain in potential industrial zones and overall marine protection.
A análise do utilitarismo e do hedonismo na renúncia ao direito à privacidade na internet em ante a caracterização da vulnerabilidade algorítmica do consumidor
Authors: Vieira Homci Janaina , Dos Santos Lucas Cunha Imbiriba
Published: December 2024

A presente pesquisa visa examinar a interligação entre hedonismo e utilitarismo na renúncia ao direito à privacidade no meio digital. O foco da discussão é o consumo e a proteção da privacidade dos usuários, em atenção à condição de vulnerabilidade do consumidor. Para tal, analisam-se os conceitos de consumo hedônico e utilitário, seus limites na condição pós-moderna, sobretudo no que diz respeito à experiência on-line. Conclui-se que tanto o hedonismo quanto o utilitarismo estão presentes nas relações de consumo, embora em proporções diferentes, sendo responsáveis pelo agravo da vulnerabilidade e pela deterioração da privacidade do usuário, especialmente em decorrência da vulnerabilidade algorítmica. Este estudo faz uso do método dedutivo e apoia-se na análise bibliográfica de caráter qualitativo.
O ensino jurídico brasileiro e sua contribuição na conservação da mentalidade inquisitiva nas práticas judiciárias do campo criminal
Authors: Leitão Bruno , França Júnior Francisco de Assis de , Coutinho dos Santos Sérgio
Published: December 2024

O objetivo principal do presente trabalho é analisar criticamente a relação de influência que existe entre o persistente hermetismo do ensino jurídico brasileiro e a conservação da mentalidade autoritária nas práticas judiciárias criminais. A hipótese defendida é a de que um ambiente democrático precisa estimular a capacidade de pensamento crítico, sobretudo nas pessoas que se relacionam mais intimamente com as ciências jurídico-criminais, proporcionando relações com fontes não propriamente originárias das bancas universitárias. Não é, no entanto, o que se tem observado no contexto brasileiro. A busca frenética por espaços no serviço público tem impedido avanços nesse sentido, além de desvirtuado alguns dos valores democráticos. Com a utilização de um referencial teórico baseado em Michel Foucault, no curso da revisão bibliográfica que se realizará, escavamos algumas das circunstâncias que tem permitido essa circularidade autoritária, concluindo-se por uma necessária viragem valorativa.
O princípio “O juíz conhece o direito” como barreira epistemológica para a decisão correta
Authors: Silveira Ricardo dos Reis , Silva Juvêncio Borges
Published: December 2024

No presente artigo se faz uma crítica a ideia arraigada na cultura jurídica brasileira atual de que o juiz conhece o direito, sendo que essa ideia é tratada, inclusive, como princípio do processo. Os processualistas brasileiros estão fincados nessa convicção. Mas, em vez de assumi-la de modo acrítico, tentam mostrar que essa ideia, em vez de colaborar para o aperfeiçoamento da atividade jurisdicional, contribui em contrário, arrimando decisões muitas vezes divorciadas do quanto determina o direito e até mesmo distante do que pretendem as partes do processo e do quanto revelam as provas. Essa ideia se afina muito com as teses positivistas de Kelsen e Hart, dissociando-se do quanto defendido por Dworkin quanto a integridade do direito. Sim, pois, nas conclusões dos positivistas é dado ao julgador um campo amplo para decidir conforme convicções pessoais, o que gera as denominadas decisões solipsistas. Assim, há a proposta de revisão de dito princípio ou, pelo menos, sua mitigação, para em vez de se tratar o juiz e suas decisões como imaculados, exigir que as decisões judiciais se pautem no direito, sejam fundamentadas em argumentos jurídicos válidos, depois de um amplo e sincero debate com as partes do processo. Com essa perspectiva crítica em vista, haveria maior rigor no ato decisório, contribuindo-se para um tratamento íntegro do direito, que deve ser um só, antes e depois da decisão judicial. O artigo utilizou o método analítico-dedutivo e se guiou pela pesquisa bibliográfica.
Moda tax: a tributação como instrumento de controle do consumo e desenvolvimento sustentável
Authors: Efing Antônio Carlos , Kanieski Eduarda Lacerda
Published: December 2024

A pesquisa investiga se a tributação extrafiscal pode ser um instrumento de controle do consumo da moda, de modo a promover o desenvolvimento sustentável. Visando solucionar o problema de pesquisa proposto, a primeira parte do artigo analisa a constituição da sociedade de consumo, a definição de sociedade de consumidores e a repercussão da indústria da moda no meio-ambiente. Na segunda parte, discorre sobre a tributação extrafiscal como mecanismo do Estado para financiar políticas públicas e induzir comportamentos, visando conter o consumismo exacerbado e contribuir para o desenvolvimento sustentável. Por fim, propõe-se a criação da moda tax, que consiste na implementação de uma política pública voltada ao controle do consumo e à uma indústria da moda sustentável, por meio da tributação. Para análise do proposto, foi utilizado o método dedutivo através da pesquisa bibliográfica.
A humanização do combate à desinformação
Authors: Chiarello Felipe , Herrera Elon Caropreso , Barbosa Filho Fernando Franco
Published: December 2024

O presente artigo apresenta e discute os efeitos deletérios da desinformação ao regime democrático brasileiro. Para isso, busca contextualizar o atual debate entorno dos limites da liberdade de expressão, conceituando as condutas criminosas no ambiente virtual e o discurso de ódio. Com a finalidade de compreender os mecanismos legais e contratuais disponíveis para coibir esse tipo de prática, o artigo explora brevemente algumas ferramentas de controle oferecidas pelas redes sociais. À luz dessas ferramentas e recursos disponíveis, propõe-se a reflexão sobre a necessidade de humanizar as tratativas pelas redes sociais quando formalizadas queixas ou denúncias de conteúdo ofensivo por parte de seus usuários.
Reflexões acerca da lei antiterror brasileira: uma análise crítica articulada com o pensamento decolonial
Authors: Brito Monteiro Valdênia , Araújo Nascimento Vignoli Igor Felipe , Pereira de Albuquerque Silvana
Published: December 2024

O novo marco legal brasileiro sobre terrorismo não é fato isolado em relação a outros países da América Latina que, sob a influência das diretrizes dos Estados Unidos, sancionaram leis contra o terrorismo. Nesta senda, este trabalho tem como problematização identificar qual o impacto do discurso sobre o conceito de terrorismo e a Lei antiterror, após o atentado de 11 de setembro. Explana sobre a expansão do direito penal e as consequências na política criminal. Apresenta o cenário da criação de legislações antiterror na América Latina, e especificamente, da Legislação Brasileira, Lei n° 13.260/16, a partir da pressão internacional. Por fim, explora elementos da análise crítica do discurso, articulando com o pensamento decolonial. Com intuito de responder às indagações formuladas, fez-se uso da pesquisa bibliográfica.
A irrenunciabilidade e a intransmissibilidade dos direitos da personalidade
Authors: Zanini Leonardo Estevam de Assis , Queiroz Odete Novais Carneiro
Published: December 2024

O presente artigo realiza um estudo da irrenunciabilidade e da intransmissibilidade dos direitos da personalidade, características expressamente previstas pelo art. 11 do Código Civil. Trata-se de pesquisa que utiliza metodologia descritiva e dedutiva, baseada fundamentalmente em revisão bibliográfica e na investigação da legislação. Após a compreensão da noção e da importância da irrenunciabilidade e da intransmissibilidade dos direitos da personalidade, o trabalho analisa a relação existente entre referidas características. O texto ainda estuda a autonomia privada no âmbito dos direitos da personalidade, em particular a possibilidade de renúncia ou de transmissão do próprio direito da personalidade, bem como as situações em que a renúncia ou a transmissão dizem respeito apenas ao exercício dos direitos da personalidade. Por fim, o estudo da matéria busca instigar o leitor a procurar soluções no direito estrangeiro para problemas existentes no Brasil.
A função dos enunciados apofânticos na construção de signos deônticos
Authors: Sister ​Tatiana Dratovsky , Messias Adriano Luiz Batista
Published: December 2024

O presente artigo pretende elucidar a necessidade de conformação de conceitos jurídico-positivos através da metalinguagem científica, demonstrando as vicissitudes na construção dos signos, estruturados nas dimensões diádica e triádica, distinguindo os âmbitos em que é utilizada a linguagem nas acepções ontológica e retórica, e a relação que se dá entre os participantes e observadores do sistema na definição de conceitos jurídicos. Demonstrará que somente por meio da linguagem tem-se o conhecimento como algo objetivado, criando aquilo que é real e capaz, igualmente, de desconstituir o real, criando novas realidades. Tais incursões terão, ao final, grandes repercussões no estudo do direito.
Aplicación de la planificación de requerimiento de distribución (DRP) para reducir tiempos de distribución en las entregas de conservas de pescado
Authors: Linares Calderon Lucero Angela , Salvador Tamara Magaly , Pejerrey Zevallos Eduardo William
Published: December 2024

La investigación tuvo como objetivo general aplicar la planeación de requerimiento de distribución para reducir tiempos de distribución en la empresa de conserva de pescado. Materiales y métodos. La metodología utilizada fue de tipo aplicada, enfoque cuantitativo, y diseño pre experimental. Resultados. En los resultados se determinó que las principales que generan una mala gestión en la logística, retraso de los pedidos, descoordinación, errores continuos en los registros de las actas y falta de capacitaciones; se determinó el tiempo de distribución que se obtuvo antes de la aplicación fue de 61.95% el total de pedidos entregados dentro de los 10 días y posterior a su aplicación del DRP dando un impacto positivo en la empresa con un 98.73 % total de pedidos entregados dentro de los 10 días de los 1104 pedidos generados por tres meses que representa el 100% de pedidos. Conclusiones. Se concluye que mediante la aplicación de la planeación de requerimiento de distribución (DRP) se logró un incremento en el indicador tiempo de distribución, de tal modo que permite una reducción en las entregas, generando así mayores beneficios a la empresa y una satisfacción a los usuarios finales pertenecientes al PNAEQW.
Aplicación de la gestión por procesos para mejorar la productividad en el área de producción de harina de pescado
Authors: Bonifacio Maza Luis Fernando , Vertiz Dulce Stefani Yeraldine , Gonzales Capcha John Kelby
Published: December 2024

La presente investigación tuvo como objetivo determinar el impacto de la gestión por procesos en la productividad del área de producción de harina de pescado. Materiales y métodos. La metodología fue de tipo aplicado, enfoque cuantitativo y diseño pre experimental. La población estuvo conformada por la productividad del proceso productivo y la muestra fue la productividad del proceso productivo en los meses de abril y mayo de 2023. Resultados. Se obtuvo una variación de la productividad en un 42.42%. Conclusiones. Tras implementación de la gestión por procesos hubo un incremento en la eficacia y productividad de 75.45% y 42.42% respectivamente, la cual se ve evidenciada tras la aplicación del estadístico inferencial t student la cual nos arroja un p valor de 0.022 entre el pre y post de la productividad haciendo significativa la investigación por lo que se valida la hipótesis planteada.
Evaluación del funcionamiento de motores de combustión interna trabajando con biodiesel
Authors: Narváez Ramos Leaynery Alexander , Huerta Milla Oliver Jhair , Arauco Cortez Gonzalo Rodrigo , Cedrón Maguiña Ricardo Antonio
Published: December 2024

La presente investigación tuvo como objetivo comparar el desempeño de un motor mediante la utilización de diésel convencional y biodiesel de aceite de soya. Materiales y métodos. La metodología comprende una exhaustiva búsqueda de información bibliográfica junto con el empleo del programa EES (Engineering Equation Solver), para el análisis de los datos. Resultados. Los resultados obtenidos revelan que, al optar por el uso de biodiesel de aceite de soya, se observa una ligera reducción en tanto la potencia como el torque del motor (1560.49 N.m. y 1181.20 kW), en comparación con el uso del diésel convencional (1663.95 N.m. y 1306.29 kW), a pesar de esta disminución es importante destacar que las diferencias registradas no son muy significativas. En el contexto de estas observaciones, se llega a la conclusión de que, si bien el biodiesel de aceite de soya muestra un desempeño ligeramente inferior en motores de combustión interna en comparación con el diésel convencional, esta desventaja se ve equilibrada por su potencial para contribuir a la reducción de la contaminación ambiental. Optar por el biodiesel refleja una elección consciente que cuida del medio ambiente y, en última instancia, beneficia la salud del planeta.
Estudio de la gestión por proceso para mejorar la eficiencia del proceso de comercialización de gases industriales
Authors: Aguilar Cuestas Antony Rusber , Alegre Mota Lheyson Bryan , Vargas Sagástegui Joel David
Published: December 2024

El estudio presente tuvo como objetivo general aplicar la gestión por procesos para mejorar la eficiencia de la empresa distribuidora de gases industriales. Materiales y métodos: El tipo de metodología fue aplicada, con un enfoque cuantitativo, de diseño pre experimental. La población de estudio abarcó todos los procesos de la empresa durante el periodo de febrero de 2023, incluyendo a todos los colaboradores de la organización. La muestra seleccionada consistió en los diversos procesos de la empresa. Resultados: Inicialmente se identificaron problemas como la falta de definición estratégica y documentación en siete procesos, generando retrasos y baja eficiencia. Después de la implementación, la eficiencia mejoró en un 22.93%, reduciendo los tiempos de demora de 83.13 a 52.23 minutos. La gestión por procesos incluyó la definición de procesos y flujogramas, mejorando significativamente la operatividad de la empresa. Conclusiones: Se obtuvo un nivel de significancia de p=0.000 menor a (α =0.05), por lo que se rechaza la Ho y se acepta Ha, que establece que, la aplicación de la gestión por procesos mejora la eficiencia de la empresa.
Patient With Chronic Heart Failure as a Participant in the Treatment Process: the Role of Structured Training And Outpatient Observation (on the Anniversary of the Study Chance)
Authors: Belenkov Yu. N. , Mareev V. Yu. , Ageev F. T. , Begrambekova Yu. L.
Published: December 2024

Aim      The article presents the principal results and conclusions of the study “SCHool and outpAtient moNitoring of patients with Cardiac failurE (CHANCE)”, organized by the Society of Experts in Heart Failure.

Material and methods  CHANCE was a multicenter randomized study. Patients in the intervention group (IG) received the Structured Education and Flexible Outpatient Control Model, that included telephone contacts plus an additional visit if necessary. The planned visits for the IG and control group (CG) were scheduled at 3, 6, and 12 months. 360 IG patients and 385 CG patients were included in the analysis. In the main analysis of the CHANCE study, the efficacy was assessed by the impact on the hard endpoints (mortality and rehospitalizations), clinical condition, functional capabilities, quality of life, anxiety and depressive symptoms, and cost-effectiveness. Also, a comprehensive assessment was performed of the prevalence, structure, and dynamics of anxiety and depressive symptoms depending on the changes in the clinical condition.

Results Mortality significantly differed between the groups: 30 (8.3%) patients died in the IG and 50 (13.0%) in the CG. The relative risk of death was 0.68, 95% confidence interval 0.42-0.99, p = 0.044. To prevent one death, it was necessary to educate and monitor 21 patients with clinically evident chronic heart failure (CHF) according to the principles of the CHANCE program. According to the dynamics of the Clinical Condition Assessment Scale (SCAS), the score difference between the groups was 1.7 (p<0.001) after 12 months of follow-up in favor of the IG group. In 12 months, the increase in the 6-minute walk test distance was 98.7 m in the IG and 42.9 m in the CG (p<0.001). The change from baseline in the Minnesota questionnaire total score was 15.3 ± 16.3 in the IG (p<0.001) and 6.2 ± 15.3 in the CG (p<0.001). The odds of developing depressive symptoms increased with each SCAS point by 19% (p = 0.0002). The odds of developing anxiety symptoms increased with each SCAS point by 12% (p = 0.02). The odds of developing the most unfavorable combination of anxiety and depressive symptoms increased with each SCAS point by 41% (p = 0.000002). The participation of patients in the study increased the odds of reducing the anxiety and depressive symptoms in patients with CHF by 2.35 times (p<0.0001), to a greater extent in women.

Conclusion      The CHANCE study that included 42 centers in 23 cities of Russia became the forerunner of the first initiatives in organizing the outpatient follow-up of patients in real clinical practice and serves as a vivid example of the importance of national research programs. Their implementation allows obtaining results that can be scaled up throughout the country to make an important contribution to the improvement of medical care for patients with CHF.
EPOCH-CHF As A Mirror of the Current Problems in Cardiovascular Diseases Treatment in Real Clinical Practice
Authors: Fomin I. V. , Belenkov Yu. N. , Mareev V. Yu. , Ageev F. T. , Artemyeva E. G. , Badin Yu. V. , Bakulina E. V. , Weisberg A. R. , Vinogradova N. G. , Galyavich A. S. , Ionova T. S. , Kamalov G. M. , Kechedzhieva S. G. , Koziolova N. A. , Malenkova V. Yu. , Malchikova S. V. , Polyakov D. S. , Smirnova E. A. , Tarlovskaya E. I. , Shcherbinina E. V. , Yakushin S. S.
Published: December 2024

Aim    To analyze the main reasons for the impairment of the life prognosis of patients with chronic heart failure (CHF) in real clinical practice of the Russian Federation.Material and methods    Representative samples of the population of the Nizhny Novgorod region (1998, n=1,922) and the European part of Russia followed from 2002 through 2017 (n=19,276), as well as randomly selected medical records of outpatients under the dispensary monitoring for CHF from 19 therapeutic and preventive medical institutions of three constituent entities of the Russian Federation (n=177, 2022) were analyzed for the adherence to therapy and the effectiveness of treatment. In addition, the prevalence, etiology, and prognosis of life of patients with CHF and acute decompensated heart failure (ADHF) were determined as a part of the EPOCH study.Results    The EPOCH-CHF study for the first time determined the true prevalence of CHF in the European part of the Russian Federation (8.2% by soft criteria) and 3.1% (by strict criteria). Furthermore, the prevalence of heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (EF) was 0.8%, moderately reduced EF was 0.9%, and heart failure with preserved EF was 1.4% of all studied patients in whom HF was defined by strict criteria. The EPOCH-CHF and EPOCH-Hospital Stage studies confirmed that a long-term exposure of the body to arterial hypertension and ischemic heart disease significantly influenced the development of CHF. At the same time, acute myocardial infarction, diabetes mellitus and uncorrected heart defects can induce severe CHF within a short period. The life prognosis of patients both after ADHF and with stable CHF in the Russian Federation is very poor. Within 4 years, 55.2% of patients after ADHF die; no patient with III-IV FC CHF survives longer than 10 years; and patients with I-II FC CHF are at a 75% risk to die after 16 years of follow-up. This is related with an ineffective use of basic drugs and uncoordinated follow-up of patients.Conclusion    The analysis of three studies showed a high level of coverage of CHF patients with therapy but a low level of compliance with national guidelines, which is reflected in the use of low doses of drugs, the lack of effective hemodynamic control and, as a consequence, a poor prognosis for CHF patients with CHF, regardless of its stable course or acute decompensation.
Ecosistema del emprendimiento por oportunidad en México
Authors: Buenadicha Sánchez César , Virviescas Mendoza Tatiana , Gordon Paola , Cardeña Rodríguez Eric , Lecaros Camila
Published: December 2024

El ecosistema de emprendimiento por oportunidad se refiere a un entorno donde las personas emprendedoras inician negocios basados en oportunidades de mercado únicas, en lugar de por necesidad. En América Latina y el Caribe, este ecosistema ha crecido significativamente, creando apoyos que facilitan la identificación, diseño e implementación de propuestas con impacto económico y social. Sin embargo, enfrenta desafíos estructurales que deben abordarse para maximizar su potencial en el desarrollo sostenible y el bienestar regional.

BID Lab y MassChallenge México colaboraron en un estudio para analizar y mejorar los ecosistemas de emprendimiento de Costa Rica, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, México y Panamá. Este informe revisa las condiciones de estos ecosistemas, identificando oportunidades de crecimiento y desarrollando estrategias para mejorar servicios, articulaciones y dinámicas que fomenten nuevos emprendimientos e innovaciones. El objetivo es adaptarse a las demandas socioambientales y de mercado, impulsando el desarrollo y la generación de empleo en la región.

El estudio se centra en la caracterización del ecosistema de emprendimiento por oportunidad en México, utilizando seis variables clave para medir su madurez: marco regulatorio, actores del ecosistema emprendedor, actores según la etapa de crecimiento, apoyo financiero, apoyo no financiero y modelos de rol. Estas variables evalúan la efectividad del entorno en apoyar el desarrollo empresarial en diferentes etapas y la disponibilidad de recursos que fortalezcan la capacidad emprendedora.
De la confianza ciega al amor por el ritualismo: un análisis del sistema de reconocimiento y ejecución de laudos extranjeros en el Ecuador
Authors: Boriz Carrasco Claudia Camila , Flores Suasnavas María Emilia
Published: December 2024

El presente artículo pretende describir el proceso de reconocimiento y ejecución de los laudos arbitrales internacionales según la Convención de Nueva York, y cómo esta es aplicada en el ordenamiento jurídico ecuatoriano, cuyo desarrollo normativo no ha dejado del todo clara la necesidad de un procedimiento de homologación previo a la ejecución de laudos arbitrales extranjeros. Esta falta de claridad ha generado problemas interpretativos dentro del sistema actual: (i) la confianza ciega en el arbitraje que, a su vez, genera incertidumbre respecto de laudos inexistentes y/o fraudulentos; y, (ii) el amor por el ritualismo, que convierte a los laudos en inejecutables. Frente a esto, trataremos de proponer un sistema más adecuado de homologación de laudos extranjeros que garantice seguridad jurídica, agilidad y sencillez.
Responsabilidad de los centros de arbitraje en Ecuador
Authors: Ordóñez Rivera Natalia
Published: December 2024

El presente trabajo busca determinar el régimen jurídico aplicable a la responsabilidad de los centros de arbitraje de Ecuador en el ejercicio de sus funciones, desde una perspectiva contractual, para el centro de arbitraje en sus funciones administrativas, y extracontractual para el director del centro en el ejercicio de ciertas funciones de carácter jurisdiccional.
EXPANSION OF TRINUCLEOTIDE REPEATS IN HUMAN DNA AND MOLECULAR DIAGNOSIS OF TRINUCLEOTIDE EXPANSION DISORDERS: INTEGRATIVE REVIEW
Authors: Pedrosa Andre , Borges Filho Leoncio Rabelo
Published: December 2024

Trinucleotide repeat (TNR) expansions are increases in the number of repeated trinucleotides in the genome. TNR expansions have been confirmed as the molecular etiology of various neurodegenerative disorders, such as Huntington's Disease, Fragile X Syndrome, and Friedreich's Ataxia. Due to the potential achieved by molecular diagnostic technology, new disorders related to TNR expansions are being elucidated more rapidly, as high-throughput technologies for analyzing DNA are described every year. Thus, we carried out an integrative review on the importance of improving DNA analysis methods for the molecular diagnosis of diseases related to TNR expansions. We searched the PubMed using the descriptors "trinucleotide expansion", "DNA analysis", "genome" and "DNA sequencing". In our review, 42 genomic targets were identified as being responsible for diseases related to TNR expansions, with one target being related to two diseases and two targets being related to three diseases. The rest of the targets are related to a single disease. Despite the emergence of new sequencing technologies, PCR-based techniques continue to play an important role in identifying targets related to diseases caused by TNR expansions. New DNA sequencing technologies have demonstrated an important contribution to the identification of targets related to diseases caused by TNR, especially since 2019. The development of novel DNA analysis techniques and new genomic analysis tools has the potential to unveil novel targets associated with TNR expansions.
Optimización de portafolio con cardinalidad usando algoritmos genéticos de población dual
Authors: Vanegas Gutiérrez Sergio Iván
Published: December 2024

En algunos estudios se ha encontrado que, muchas veces, los algoritmos gené­ticos con una sola población para la solución de la optimización de portafolio con cardinalidad convergen lentamente y no obtienen los mejores resultados. Una manera de mejorar el desempeño de estos algoritmos ha sido incorporar una población adicional que actúe como buscador de máximos y mínimos loca­les; de esta manera, se aumenta la probabilidad de encontrar el óptimo global de la solución en un menor tiempo.
Este documento busca identificar el rendimiento en muestra y fuera de muestra de un portafolio de activos de renta variable con restricciones de car­dinalidad usando algoritmos genéticos con una sola población y con población doble, estableciendo como universo el índice Dow Jones. Los resultados mues­tran que el desempeño puede verse afectado por los parámetros seleccionados para realizar la optimización, por lo que es importante tener en cuenta el error en la estimación de la media y la varianza del portafolio.
Desafíos hídricos y soluciones sostenibles para el fomento de la industria del hidrógeno verde en la región Tacna - Perú
Authors: De Cossío Klüver Manuel
Published: December 2024

A continuación, presento algunas ideas para abordar el fomento de la industria del hidrógeno verde en la región de Tacna, Perú, considerando los desafíos hídricos y la necesidad de encontrar fuentes alternativas de agua dulce. Se aborda de manera integral el fomento de la industria del hidrógeno verde en esta región, considerando los desafíos y soluciones sostenibles relacionadas con la escasez de agua. Recurrir a fuentes alternativas de agua podría también permitir reducir la escasez y aliviar las presiones sobre las aguas subterráneas y otras masas de agua naturales. La recarga de acuíferos con las fuentes alternativas, que permite que el agua pase de las aguas superficiales a las subterráneas, es un proceso bien conocido para prevenir la escasez de agua.
Collaborative planning of subcontractors using the Last Planner System: a case study on a gas subcontractor in repetitive housing projects
Authors: Brioso Xavier , Delgado-Martínez Karla , Bravo-Salomón Luis
Published: December 2024

The efficient management of subcontractors turns into a challenge in contracts with fixed prices and short terms. Non-conformances due to poor deliverables are common, generating delays and cost overruns for all parties involved, especially for the main contractor. In addition, in recent years some collaborative systems have appeared, such as the Last Planner System (LPS), which has proven to be very efficient in the generation of value and the optimization of resources. However, there is still little information about successful results in the management of subcontractors. The main objective of this study is to propose a method that adapts the LPS for the management of the subcontract of natural gas facilities in highly repetitive housing projects, as well as to apply it successfully. The methodology was applied to a massive multi-family low-cost housing project in the city of Lima, Peru, which was modeled by using BIM technology. The most frequent root causes of non-conformances were determined for the first buildings, and this information was used for the collaborative planning of the following buildings. This allowed to determine the optimal sectioning, Takt Time Planning, subcontractor restrictions, weekly and daily planning, and finally, the lessons learned from the implementation of the LPS for future projects, which can be adapted to other types of subcontracts
Applicability of the multifactor dimensionality reduction methodology to the analysis of variables in sanitary buildings
Authors: Prieto-Fernández Alejandro , Carmona-Baltasar Álvaro , Gónzalez-Domínguez Jaime , Botejara-Domínguez Manuel , Sánchez-Barroso Gonzalo , García-Sanz-Calcedo Justo
Published: December 2024

In order to optimise engineering activities, it is necessary to analyse a large amount of data and variables. The objective is to implement MDR to better address the study and propose improvements to reduce energy consumption in Extremadura's health centres. These numerous variables do not have direct and quantifiable interactions on energy consumption. To overcome this drawback, it is possible to apply the multifactor dimensionality reduction (MDR) method. MDR uses Machine Learning to search for the best combinations of variables. This makes it possible to create a model that simplifies the analysis of the data studied. From the whole set, the combination of variables that best describes the study is selected, grouping them into high or low risk. It has been proven that in this way it is possible to better understand and optimise engineering activities. MDR can be used in numerous engineering analyses: energy consumption, equipment maintenance, waste generation, etc.
Photogrammetry applied to graphic survey in rehabilitation projects: case study of a detached house.
Authors: Martín-Garín Alexander , León-Cascante Iñigo , Pérez-Martínez Jose-Javier , Martín-Talaverano Rafael , Casado Amaia , Millán-García Jose-Antonio
Published: December 2024

This communication analyzes the work carried out for the graphic survey of a case study during its rehabilitation process. For this, the photogrammetry technique has been used together with an RPAS system for the acquisition of photographs of the property. As a result, a point cloud has been obtained that allows the geometric characterization of the analyzed case study. The use of both techniques has proven to be a very useful combination in the field of architecture and rehabilitation processes thanks to the possibility it offers for massive data capture and its subsequent use for the development of the architectural model. This analysis has allowed verifying the advantages and disadvantages of the methodology followed in the study compared to conventional methods of architectural survey
A Short Proof of Knuth's Old Sum
Authors: Adegoke Kunle
Published: December 2024

We give a short proof of the well-known Knuth's old sum and provide some generalizations. Our approach utilizes the binomial theorem and integration formulas derived using the Beta function. Several new polynomial identities and combinatorial identities are derived.
Comparative Functional and Morphological Data of Different IOL Dislocation Undo Methods
Authors: Vaiciuliene Renata , Rumelaitiene Ugne , Speckauskas Martynas , Jasinskas Vytautas
Published: December 2024

Background/Objectives: This study compared the results of iris-sutured, late spontaneously dislocated IOL-capsular bag complexes with IOL exchange using anterior chamber intraocular lenses (ACIOL) in a tertiary reference center in Lithuania. Methods: A prospective observational study was conducted between 2017 and 2019 involving 80 patients (83 eyes) with late spontaneous IOL-capsular bag dislocation. Patients underwent repositioning and fixation of the dislocated IOL to the iris (IF group) or IOL exchange with an ACIOL implant (ACIOL group). Pre- and postoperative assessments included best-corrected distance visual acuity (BCDVA), intraocular pressure (IOP), corneal endothelial cell density (ECD), and macular thickness (evaluating whether cystoid macular edema (CME) has occurred). Results: Both groups showed a significant improvement in BCDVA, with a more remarkable improvement in the IF group (median: 0.1 logMAR) than in the ACIOL group (median: 0.3 logMAR), p=0.001. Corneal astigmatism increased significantly in the ACIOL group (p<0.001) but remained stable in the IF group. IOP management outcomes were better in the IF group as fewer eyes required additional glaucoma treatment. ECD decreased in both groups but was significantly greater in the ACIOL group (p<0.001). Postoperative CME occurred in 4.4% of IF eyes and 39% of ACIOL eyes (p=0.01). Conclusions: Iris fixation of late dislocated IOL-capsular bag complexes is a safe and minimally invasive technique that offers better visual outcomes, less astigmatism, and fewer complications than ACIOL exchange.
Echoes of the Pandemic: Cardiovascular Disease Developments in the Mexican Population, One Year Post-COVID-19
Authors: Benítez-Chao Diego , Santoyo-Suarez Michelle Giovanna , Salmon-Cabrales Itzel Sarai , Delgado-Gonzalez Paulina , Islas Jose Francisco , Garza-Treviño Elsa N. , Padilla-Rivas Gerardo R.
Published: December 2024

Objectives. To evaluate the prevalence, hospitalization rates, and mortality among patients with cardiovascular diseases (CVD) and comorbidities one year after the lifting of pandemic measures in Mexico. Methods. Clinical data from an open national public health database were divided into two timeframes: pandemic (2020–2022) and post-pandemic (May 2023–May 2024), following the removal of COVID-19 countermeasures. Entries were categorized by age group and the presence of specific comorbidities, including hypertension (HT), diabetes (DIAB), obesity (OBES), chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), chronic kidney disease (CKD), asthma (AA), smoking (SMOKE), and COVID-19, as well as recorded deaths. Binary regression analyses were performed to evaluate the impact of these comorbidities on the type of care provided (hospitalization or ambulatory care) and their role as potential mortality predictors. Results. Approximately seven out of ten CVD patients were aged 50 years or older. In the year following the pandemic, the rates of cases and hospitalizations increased, while death rates decreased. Additionally, the prevalence of comorbidities rose among all CVD patients. Although, obesity was not a significant predictor of hospitalization in either period. Hypertension, diabetes, obesity, asthma, and COVID-19 were not associated with mortality in the post-pandemic period. Conclusion One year after the lifting of COVID-19 measures, cases, hospitalizations, and comorbidities among CVD patients increased, while mortality declined. Obesity was no longer a key determinant of care type, and HT, DIAB, OBES, AA, and COVID-19 ceased to predict mortality. The post-pandemic rise in HT and DIAB cases likely results from both the physiological effects of infection and indirect factors like lifestyle changes and healthcare disruptions. Notably, while hospitalizations have increased, mortality has noticeably decreased, likely due to vaccination efforts, reduced viral virulence, and diminished fear of COVID-19.
Role of tRNA-Derived Fragments in Protozoan Parasite Biology
Authors: Sharma Manu , Singh Upinder
Published: December 2024

tRNA molecules are among the most fundamental and evolutionarily conserved RNA types, primarily facilitating the translation of genetic information from mRNA into proteins. Beyond their canonical role as adaptor molecules during protein synthesis, tRNAs have evolved to perform additional functions. One such non-canonical role for tRNAs is through the generation of tRNA-derived fragments via specific cleavage processes. These tRNA-derived small RNAs (tsRNAs) are present across all three domains of life, including in protozoan parasites. They are formed through the cleavage of the parent tRNA molecules at different sites, resulting in either tRNA halves or smaller fragments. The precise mechanisms underlying the synthesis of various tRNA-derived fragments, including the specific RNases involved, as well as their distinct functions and roles in parasite physiology, are not yet fully understood and remain an active area of ongoing research. However, their role in modulating gene expression, particularly during stress responses, is becoming increasingly evident. In this context, we discuss recent findings on the roles of tRNA-derived small RNA in various protozoan parasites. Furthermore, we investigate how these tsRNAs either modulate gene expression within the parasite itself or are packaged into extracellular vesicles to alter host gene expression, thereby promoting parasite survival and adaptation.
Artificial Intelligence and Ontologies for the Management of Heritage Digital Twins Data
Authors: Felicetti Achille , Niccolucci Franco
Published: December 2024

This study builds upon the Reactive Heritage Digital Twin paradigm established in prior research, exploring the role of artificial intelligence in expanding and enhancing its capabilities. After providing an overview of the ontological model underlying the RHDT paradigm, this paper investigates the application of AI to improve data analysis and predictive capabilities of Heritage Digital Twins, in synergy with the previously defined RHDTO semantic model. The structured nature of ontologies is highlighted as essential for enabling AIs to operate transparently, minimizing hallucinations and other errors that are characteristic challenges of these technologies. New classes and properties within RHDTO are introduced to represent the AI-enhanced functions. Finally, some case studies are provided to illustrate how integrating AI within the RHDT framework can contribute to enrich the understanding of cultural information through interconnected data and facilitate real-time monitoring and preservation of cultural objects.
Memetic-Based Biogeography Optimization Model for the Optimal Design of Mechanical Systems
Authors: Peixoto Arcílio Carlos Ferreira , António Carlos A. Conceição
Published: December 2024

The science of biogeography was described, through mathematical equations, in 1967, by Robert MacArthur and Edward Wilson. In 2008, Dan Simon presented an algorithm called biogeography-based optimization, or BBO, which used some of the principles and definitions described in MacArthur and Wilson’s book. The objectives of this work are to study the behavior of the BBO method when it is hybridized with other evolutionary search methods and to analyze the effect of its application to some examples of mechanical engineering systems. The operators considered in the hybridization study are genetic recombination (crossover) and local search aiming to overcome the limitations and difficulties that arise when using the original BBO. The results of the original BBO were promising in the context of a global search. However, there is a diversity problem that does not allow for good quality increments in the final phase of the evolutionary process. The additional modifications added, such as the concept of blending in migration, the cycle of mutations and the replacement of the worst solutions by injection of new ones, all show positive effects on the method's performance. However, the biggest increase happened with the implementation of the hybridization processes. Crossover improved the speed and diversity of the population in some cases, while local search helped the algorithm in later generations, allowing it to quickly reach the optimum point. With this mentioned, it is important to note that the best results were all obtained with the fully modified algorithm.