bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Computed Tomography Imaging Features of Pulmonary Sequestration
Authors: Yang Tingqian , Wang Zhaoyu , Qiang Jun , Mao Qinxiang , Kong Shufeng , Sun Zhonghua , Li Yu
Published: June 2023

Background: Pulmonary sequestration (PS), generally diagnosed using computed tomography pulmonary angiography (CTPA), is a rare congenital developmental malformation of the lung that is characterized by nonfunctional lung tissue independent of the normal lung tissue. This study summarizes the imaging features of the supplying arteries and draining vessels in patients with PS with an aim to assist with timely clinical diagnosis and operation guidance.

Materials and Methods: A total of 55 patients with PS diagnosed on CTPA from multiple clinical centers were retrospectively analyzed. Data included demographic characteristics, imaging features, disease location, isolation type, and the features of supplying and draining vessels, as shown on CTPA images.

Results: Of the 55 patients reviewed, 3 (5.45%) were children, 3 (5.45%) were adolescents, and 49 (89.09%) were adults, with a mean age of 44 years. Fifty-four (98.18%) patients had intralobar sequestration and one (1.82%) had extralobar sequestration. PS was noted 3.5 times more frequently in the left lower lobe than in the right lower lobe. For the supplying arteries, 47 (85.45%) were derived from the descending thoracic aorta, 1 (1.82%) from the abdominal aorta, 7 (12.73%) from the celiac axis, and 1 (1.82%) from the bronchial artery. The draining vessels were the pulmonary veins in 49 patients (89.09%), the umbilical vein in 1 (1.82%), the venae intercostal in 1 (1.82%), the pulmonary arteries in 11 (20.00%), and not shown on the images in 2 (3.64%).

Conclusion: Clinical presentations of PS are non-specific and can be easily missed or misdiagnosed. However, CTPA can help improve the diagnostic accuracy and identify the supplying arteries and draining vessels, which significantly contribute to surgical planning.
Exploring the Viability of Last-Mile Delivery Solutions for Sustainable Supply Chains
Authors: MANIATIS PARASCHOS
Published: June 2023

Sustainable supply chains have become increasingly crucial to address environmental and social challenges faced by societies worldwide. Last-mile delivery, which involves delivering products from a distribution center or warehouse to the final destination, typically a consumer's doorstep, is an essential component of the supply chain. However, it faces numerous challenges such as traffic congestion, air and noise pollution, and carbon emissions. This research paper explores the viability of last-mile delivery solutions for sustainable supply chains. The study reviews the literature on last-mile delivery challenges, sustainable last-mile delivery solutions, and case studies of sustainable last-mile delivery solutions. The results indicate that innovative last-mile delivery solutions, such as electric vehicles, cargo bikes, and drones, have the potential to reduce environmental impact and improve the efficiency of last-mile delivery while enhancing social equity. Additionally, partnerships between different stakeholders, including governments, logistics companies, and consumers, can contribute to the development of sustainable last-mile delivery solutions. The study concludes that sustainable last-mile delivery solutions are essential to achieving sustainable supply chains and recommends further research to explore the economic feasibility and scalability of these solutions.
Iguratimod Ameliorates the Severity of Secondary Progressive Multiple Sclerosis in Model Mice by Directly Inhibiting IL-6 Production and Th17 Cell Migration via Mitigation of Glial Inflammation
Authors: Nagata Satoshi , Yamasaki Ryo , Takase Ezgi Ozdemir , Iida Kotaro , Watanabe Mitsuru , Masaki Katsuhisa , Wijering Marion Heleen Cathérine , Yamaguchi Hiroo , Kira Jun-ichi , Isobe Noriko
Published: June 2023

We previously reported a novel secondary progressive multiple sclerosis (SPMS) model, progressive experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (pEAE), in oligodendroglia-specific Cx47-inducible conditional knockout (Cx47 icKO) mice. Based on our prior study showing the efficacy of iguratimod (IGU), an anti-rheumatic drug, for acute EAE treatment, we aimed to elucidate the effect of IGU on the SPMS animal model. We induced pEAE by immunizing Cx47 icKO mice with myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein peptide 35–55. IGU was orally administered from 17 to 50 days postimmunization. We also prepared primary mixed glial cell culture and measured cytokine levels in the culture supernatant after stimulation with designated cytokines (IL-1α, C1q, TNF-α) and lipopolysaccharide. A migration assay was performed to evaluate the effect of IGU on the migration ability of T cells toward mixed glial cell cultures. IGU treatment ameliorated the clinical signs of pEAE, decreased the demyelinated area, and attenuated glial inflammation on immunohistochemical analysis. Additionally, IGU decreased the intrathecal IL-6 level and infiltrating Th17 cells. The migration assay revealed reduced Th17 cell migration and IL-6 levels in the culture supernatant after IGU treatment. Collectively, IGU successfully mitigated the clinical signs of pEAE by suppressing Th17 migration through inhibition of IL-6 production by proinflammatory-activated glial cells.
Multiple Roles of LOXL2 in the Progression of Hepatocellular Carcinoma and Potential for Therapeutic Targeting
Authors: Radić Jelena , Kožik Bojana , Nikolić Ivan , Kolarov-Bjelobrk Ivana , Vasiljević Tijana , Vranjković Bojana , Despotović Sanja
Published: June 2023

LOXL2, a copper-dependent amine oxidase, has emerged as a promising therapeutic target in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Increased LOXL2 expression in HCC has been linked with aggressive phenotype and represents a poor prognostic factor. Here, we focus on mechanisms by which LOXL2 orchestrates multiple oncogenic functions in HCC development. We are reviewing current knowledge about the roles of LOXL2 in the modulation of the HCC tumor microenvironment, formation of premetastatic niches, and epithelial-mesenchymal transition. Also, we are highlighting the complex interplay between LOXL2 and hypoxia, angiogenesis, and vasculogenic mimicry in HCC. At the end of the review, we summarize current LOXL2 inhibitors and discuss their potential in HCC precision treatment.
How Can Stories in Primary Education Supports Sustainable Development in Bangladesh?
Authors: Tasnim Saria , Hossain Amzad , Marinova Dora
Published: June 2023

Stories considered to be the most popular form of lore, which can facilitate the moral and ethical deliberation of sustainability to our children. It is evident that children response better with stories than any other form of communication. Once the stories end, the les-sons remain. The values tangled with the lesson transmits ahead as they grow. Stories has always become instrumental and the most conventional way of teaching values by using illustrations from our lives. The major aim of this paper is to explore the values that ex-pressed in Bengali child-lore through stories and tales; and develop a framework by using ‘scaffolding & mapping’ approach. This framework will attempt to analyse two com-monly recognized stories; scaffolding them with the generally acknowledged principles of sustainability management; and mapping with the major aspects of sustainability (social, economic and environmental) to investigate how stories can influence children on build-ing pro-sustainability attitude. This approach has been chosen, as recent research already points out the issues in implementing sustainability in education, but no one has yet found the way forward. The hypothesis that this theoretical article builds on is that an in-terdisciplinary approach and different pedagogical tools could help in building the bridge towards implementing sustainability in education as well as in society.
This paper is part of the series of papers that are investigating how folk values into pri-mary education can support reviving the degrading sustainability in Bangladesh as well as help building pro-sustainability attitude for the future generation.
Emerging Polymer-Based Nanosystems Strategies in Delivery of Antifungal Drugs
Authors: Xin Yuan , Quan Liang , Zhang Hengtong , Ao Qiang
Published: June 2023

Nanosystems-based antifungal agents have emerged as an effective strategy to address issues related to drug resistance, drug release, and toxicity. Among the different materials used for drug delivery, multifunctional polymers have proven to be ideal due to their versatility. This review provides an overview of the various types of nanoparticles used in antifungal drug delivery systems, with a particular emphasis on the types of polymers used. The review focuses on the application of drug delivery systems and the release behavior of these systems. Furthermore, the review summa-rizes the critical physical properties and relevant information utilized in antifungal polymer nanomedicine delivery systems, and briefly discusses the application prospects of these systems.
Water Quality Class Modeling Using Machine Learning Algorithms at Roodeplaat Dam, South Africa
Authors: Tadesse Kassahun Birhanu , Dinka Megersa Olumana
Published: June 2023

Water pollution is a common problem for dams situated within an urban or agricultural catchment. This can negatively affect the hydro ecosystem, drinking, recreational and other uses of water. In this study, the drinking water quality class of the Roodeplaat Dam, South Africa which faces pollution problems was modeled using machine learning algorisms in Python Jupyter Notebook 6.0.0. Eleven monthly water quality parameters recorded at five sampling stations from January 1981 to September 2017 were used for training and testing the model. Five machine learning classifiers: Gaussian Naïve Bayes (GNB), K-nearest neighbors (KNN), Decision Tree (DT), Support Vector Machines (SVM), and Linear Regression (LR) at a test size of 20%, 25%, 30%, and 40% were used to classify water into five classes (Excellent to Very bad). It was investigated that the dam water has only three classes good, medium, and bad. The prediction accuracies of machine learning algorithms from the highest to the lowest were 96.39%, 96.17%, 92.25%, 90.20, and 54.19% for KNN, DT, SVM, GNB, and LR, respectively. Therefore, KNN at a test size of 30% was recommended to classify the water quality of Roodeplat Dam accurately. Hence, machine learning algorithms can be used to identify the class of water quality before the water is treated and distributed for drinking use.
Liposomal Epigallocatechin-3-Gallate for the Treatment of In-testinal Dysbiosis in Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder: A Comprehensive Review
Authors: De la Rubia Ortí Jose Enrique , Moneti Costanza , Serrano-Ballesteros Pilar , Castellano Gloria , Bayona-Babiloni Raquel , Carriquí-Suárez Ana Belén , Motos María , Proaño Belén , Benlloch María
Published: June 2023

Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is characterized by varying degrees of difficulty in social interaction and communication. These deficits are often associated with gastrointestinal symptoms, indicating alterations in both intestinal microbiota composition and metabolic activities. The intestinal microbiota influences the function and development of the nervous system. In individuals with ASD, there is an increase in bacterial genera such as Clostridium, as well as species involved in the synthesis of branched-chain amino acids (BCAA) like Prevotella copri. Conversely, decreased amounts of Akkermansia muciniphila, and Bifidobacterium spp. are observed. Epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) is one of the polyphenols with the greatest beneficial activity on microbial growth and its consumption is associated with reduced psychological distress. Therefore, the objective of this review is to analyze how EGCG and its metabolites can improve the microbial dysbiosis present in ASD and its impact on the pathology. The analysis reveals that EGCG inhibits the growth of pathogenic bacteria like Clostridium perfringens and Clostridium difficile. Moreover, it increases the abundance of Bifidobacterium spp. and Akkermansia spp. As a result, EGCG demonstrates efficacy in increasing the production of metabolites involved in maintaining epithelial integrity and improving brain function. This identifies EGCG as highly promising for complementary treatment in ASD.
The Effect of Antibiotic Treatment and Gene Expression of Mex B Efflux Transporters on the Resistance in Pseudomonas aeruginosa Biofilms
Authors: Kello Evan , Greenberg Rochelle , Li Weiqi , Polansky Shaya , Maldonado Roberto , Peter Yakov , Basu Paramita
Published: June 2023

Pseudomonas aeruginosa is an antibiotic-resistant priority pathogen as listed by the World Health Organization. P. aeruginosa, a gram-negative, rod-shaped bacterium, is frequently encountered in hospital settings as an opportunistic pathogen in nosocomial infections.

P. aeruginosa has shown high antibiotic resistance, which has been attributed to several mechanisms, such as intrinsic, acquired, and adaptive resistance. This study investigates several genes which may be attributed to the acquisition of antibiotic resistance in the bacteria P. aeruginosa, as it transitions from its planktonic form to the more threatening and resistant biofilm form. Subsequently, the study assesses the comparative efficacy of three antibiotics, Ofloxacin (OFX), Tobramycin (TOB), and Ceftazidime (CAZ), in altering the expression levels of the identified multidrug efflux pump genes associated with the ability to extrude antibiotics from the cell when in the biofilm form.

Efflux transporter gene expression in P. aeruginosa was conducted via extraction of total RNA in planktonic and biofilm- both untreated and treated - with Tobramycin (TOB), Ofloxacin (OFX), and Ceftazidime (CAZ). Real-time quantitative reverse transcriptase PCR was employed to analyze alterations in expression levels of the Mex A, Mex B, Mex X, Mex Y, OprM, and RPSL genes in the collected samples.

In samples where no antibiotics were administered, an increase in expression of the Mex B efflux pump gene was observed compared to all other efflux pump genes in the biofilm form, providing multidrug resistance when active. The gene of interest, Mex B, was assessed for antibiotic resistance by P. aeruginosa culturing in the planktonic and biofilm forms with simultaneous treatment with TOB, OFX, and CAZ.

Of the three antibiotics used, OFX showed more effectiveness in preventing biofilm growth by reducing the expression level of the Mex B efflux pump gene in the biofilm form, making P. Aeruginosa more antibiotic sensitive to OFX. TOB has similar results compared to OFX but was slightly less effective in reducing the expression of Mex B. Conversely, CAZ was not effective in reducing expression of the Mex B gene in the biofilm form or the planktonic form and was determined to be ineffective at eradicating the organism.
Crystallization of Zr-Based Amorphous Alloys in Laser Welding
Authors: Yan Shiju , Song Chengli , Huang Lingling , Han Liang , Wang Chengyong
Published: June 2023

Crystallization often occurs in the laser welding of amorphous alloys, reducing the amorphous alloys’ properties. So, it is necessary to simulate the temperature field curve of the welding area by computer and then determine the power and laser moving speed of laser welding. In this paper, the temperature field curve of Zr41.2Ti13.8Cu12.5Ni10Be22.5(Vit1) amorphous alloy in laser welding is obtained by finite element analysis. The continuous heating curve (CHT) of Vit1 is fitted by the Vogel-Fulcher-Tammann (VFT) equation and the Kissinger equation. If the temperature field curve intersects with the CHT curve, crystallization occurs. The experiment results show that the VFT equation can be used to predict the crystallization of Vit1 better in laser welding. The tem-perature and welding time are increased by using low welding speed. Therefore, the temperature of the weld zone cannot fall in time, resulting intersection of the temperature field curve and the CHT curve. So, crystallization can be avoided if the welding speed is controlled within a rea-sonable range, and the highest temperature is kept under the CHT curve.
Enhancing Microsoft 365 Security: Integrating Digital Forensics Analysis to Detect and Mitigate Adversarial Behavior Patterns
Authors: Rich Marshall S.
Published: June 2023

This research article investigates the effectiveness of digital forensics analysis (DFA) techniques in identifying patterns and trends in malicious failed login attempts linked to public data breaches or compromised email addresses in Microsoft 365 (M365) environments. Pattern recognition techniques are employed to analyze security logs, revealing insights into negative behavior patterns. The findings contribute to the literature on digital forensics, opposing behavior patterns, and cloud-based cybersecurity. Practical implications include the development of targeted defense strategies and the prioritization of prevalent threats. Future research should expand the scope to other cloud services and platforms, capture evolving trends through more prolonged, more extended analysis periods, and assess the effectiveness of specific mitigation strategies for identified tactics, techniques, and procedures (TTPs).
EREMI: An Innovative Interdisciplinary Approach for Higher Education in Resource Efficient Manufacturing Environments
Authors: Sikora Axel , Titova-Kosturkova Tanya , janevska Gordana , Kostov Mitko , Halunga Simona , Suciu George , Georgiev Georgi
Published: June 2023

This paper presents an overview of EREMI, a two-year project funded under ERASMUS+ KA203, and its results. The project team's main objective was to develop and validate an advanced interdisciplinary higher education curriculum, which includes lifelong learning components. The curriculum focuses on enhancing resource efficiency in manufacturing industries and optimizing poorly or non-digitized industrial physical infrastructure systems. The paper also discusses the results of the project, highlighting the successful achievement of its goals. EREMI effectively supports the transition to Industry 5.0 by preparing a common European pool of future experts. Through comprehensive research and collaboration, the project team has designed curriculum that equips students with the necessary skills and knowledge to thrive in the evolving manufacturing landscape. Furthermore, the paper explores the significance of EREMI's contributions to the field, emphasizing the importance of resource efficiency and system optimization in industrial settings. By addressing the challenges posed by under-digitized infrastructure, the project aims to drive sustainable and innovative practices in manufacturing. All five project partner organisations have been actively engaged in offering relevant educational content and framework for decentralised sustainable economic development in regional and national contexts through capacity building at local level. A crucial element of the added value is the new channel for feedback from students. The survey results, which are outlined in the paper, offer valuable insights gathered from students, contributing to the continuous improvement of the project.
The Seasonality of Eddy-induced Chlorophyll-a Anomalies in Kuroshio Extension System
Authors: Wang Tongyu , Zhang Shuwen , Chen Fajin , Xiao Luxing
Published: June 2023

The Kuroshio Extension(KE) System exhibits highly energetic mesoscale phenomena, but the impact of mesoscale eddies on marine ecosystems and biogeochemical cycling is not well understood. This study utilizes remote sensing and Argo floats to investigate how eddies modify surface and subsurface chlorophyll (Chl-a) concentrations. On average, cyclones (anticyclones) induce positive (negative) surface Chl-a anomalies, particularly in winter. This occurs because cyclones (anticyclones) lift (deepen) isopycnals and nitrate into (out of) the euphotic zone, stimulating (depressing) the growth of phytoplankton. Consequently, cyclones (anticyclones) result in greater (smaller) subsurface Chl-a maximum (SCM), depth-integrated Chl-a, and depth-integrated nitrate. The positive (negative) surface Chl-a anomalies induced by cyclones (anticyclones) are mainly located near (north of) the main axis of the KE. The second and third mode represent monopole Chl-a patterns within eddy centers corresponding to either positive or negative anomalies, depending on the sign of the principal component. Chl-a concentrations in cyclones (anticyclones) above the SCM layer are higher (lower) than the edge values, while those below are lower (higher), regardless of winter variations. The vertical distributions and displacements of Chl-a and SCM depth are associated with eddy pumping. In terms of frequency, negative (positive) Chl-a anomalies account for approximately 26% (18%) of the total cyclones (anticyclones) across all four seasons. The opposite phase suggests that nutrient supply resulting from stratification differences under convective mixing may contribute to negative (positive) Chl-a anomalies in cyclone (anticyclone) cores. Additionally, the opposite phase can also be attributed to eddy stirring, trapping high and low Chl-a, and/or eddy Ekman pumping. Based on OFES outputs, the seasonal variation of nitrate from winter to summer primarily depends on the effect of vertical mixing, indicating that convective mixing processes contribute to an increase (decrease) in nutrients during winter (summer) over the KE.
Impact of a Thermally Stratified Energy Source in a Supersonic Flow past a Pointed Cylinder Aerodynamic Model on the Pressure Signatures and PLdB Effect on the Ground
Authors: Kravchenko O. V. , Azarova O. A. , Knight D. D.
Published: June 2023

The research is devoted to the problem of noise generation during flights of supersonic civil aircrafts. The effect of a thermally stratified energy source used to control the flow past a pointed cylinder aerodynamic models on the nearfield and ground pressure signatures, as well as on the perceived loudness in decibels (PLdB) on the ground is evaluated. The fields of parameters and the dynamics of the drag forces are studied for different values of temperature in the layers of the thermally stratified energy source and for different number of layers in it. It has been shown that when performing the flow control at freestream Mach numbers 1.5-2 using thermally stratified energy sources with the number of layers from 2.5 to 7.5 and rarefaction parameters in the layers from 0.15 to 0.3, no additional noise impact on the ground is introduced. Thus, the simulations showed that changing the surface pressure signature due to drag reduction does not necessarily imply a change in the PLdB on the ground.
Phenolic Characterisation of Globe Artichoke Heads and Waste from Vegetatively- and “Seed”-Propagated Genotypes
Authors: Bonasia Anna , Conversa Giulia , Lazzizera Corrado , Elia Antonio
Published: June 2023

In globe artichoke both the edible portion and the waste biomass are recognized as valuable sources of bioactive compounds. For this study, heads with 30 cm-long floral stems, including 2-3 leaves, were harvested from five genotypes which included two traditional vegetatively-propagated varietal types (‘Brindisino,’ and ‘Violetto di Foggia,’) and three "seed"-propagated hybrids (‘Tempo,’ ‘Opal,’ and ‘Madrigal’). The study aimed to determine the total and individual polyphenolic concentrations (measured spectrophotometrically and by HPLC) and antioxidant activity (AA) in different artichoke parts, namely the "hearts" (H), head waste (HW), stem waste (SW), and leaf waste (LW). ‘Brindisino’ SW exhibited the highest accumulation of luteolin (26,317 mg kg−1 F.W.), while ‘Tempo’ H displayed the highest cynarin content (190 mg kg−1 F.W.). ‘Tempo’ HW and H showed the highest levels of apigenin (640 mg kg−1 F.W.), and the greatest source of chlorogenic acid was found in the HW of ‘Opal’ and the H of ‘Brindisino’ (4,300 mg kg−1 F.W.). The hybrids generally exhibited lower total polyphenolic concentrations than the traditional genotypes, particularly evident in the LW. The SW demonstrated the highest concentration of total polyphenols (18,000 mg kg−1 F.W.), followed by the edible H and non-edible HW (12,000 mg kg−1 F.W.), while the LW exhibited the lowest concentration (2,000 mg kg−1 F.W.). Interestingly, the AA did not precisely align with the total polyphenolic concentration, showing slight variations between the examined parts and genotypes.
Shielding Burn Patients from Oxidative Stress: The Therapeutic Potential of Antioxidant Membranes
Authors: Haller Herbert Leopold , Sander Frank , Nischwitz Sebastian Philipp , Luze Hanna , Bandke Dave , Rapp Matthias , Rapp Saskia , Hartmann Bernd , Demircan Mehmet , Kamolz Lars Peter
Published: June 2023

Although a slight imbalance between oxidative and antioxidative mediators is part of normal physiology that enables cell aging and the removal of dead cells, burns disturb this equilibrium locally and systemically. Topical burn dressings may attenuate local and systemic oxidative stress and positively influence the post-burn clinical course. This review integrated knowledge regarding the impact of burn dressings on oxidative stress. Using keywords and in-text searches, literature was identified from PubMed, Google Scholar, and Google articles, and studies on local or topical applications of wound dressings and associated oxidative stress were selected. As im-balances between oxidative mediators and antioxidative agents significantly contribute to organ dysfunction and healing disturbance, we investigated oxidative stress on organs, metabolic changes, clinical results, and oxidative parameters influenced by applied dressings. We found positive local and systemic effects of external burn dressings in laboratory and animal tests; however, such studies were rare in humans. Nevertheless, we identified successful cases of semi-occlusive, occlusive, and biologically active dressings that reduce oxidative stress in hu-man burns. In particular, we highlight promising clinical and laboratory results from lac-tate-releasing dressings. Our review provides an invaluable resource for future development and clinical applications of burn dressings.
Sobre a etimologia de “malacacheta”
Authors: Maroneze Bruno Oliveira , Viaro Mário Eduardo , Atencio Daniel , Módolo Marcelo
Published: June 2023

Neste trabalho, propomos revisitar a etimologia da palavra malacacheta, nome genérico de diversos minerais, que muitos dicionários tratam como sinônimo de “mica”. Dicionários da língua portuguesa afirmam que a origem da palavra é obscura. A partir de dados coletados em textos de épocas anteriores, aventamos duas hipóteses: a) uma hipótese nova, de que o vocábulo é cognato de marcassita, nome de outro mineral que pode ter sido confundido com a malacacheta: ou seja, tanto malacacheta quanto marcassita seriam formas divergentes do mesmo étimo; b) a hipótese de que a palavra é relacionada ao nome do povo indígena Maxakali, que habita certas regiões do estado de MG. A hipótese a), no entanto, torna-se a mais provável, haja vista marcassita ser forma divergente de *marcaxeta, portanto, com o mesmo étimo árabe. Da forma hipotética *marcaxeta viriam marcacheta, maracaxeta e a forma atual malacacheta, referindo-se a diversos tipos de minerais (hoje denominados de talco, micas e muscovita), enquanto o antigo sentido genérico de marcassita se especificou.
Fluid Circulation Effects on Torque and Drag Results, Modeling, and Validation
Authors: Mahjoub M. , Dao N.-H , Summersgill M. , Menand S.
Published: June 2023

The hydraulic effects on torque and drag modeling have been thoroughly studied in the past, yet their interpretation still causes a lot of misunderstandings and confusion. Historical models disregard the circulation effects and focus on the fluid mass by employing buoyancy forces based on the Archimedes principle. On the other hand, the reference model including the fluid circulation effects, introduced by R. F. Mitchell in the 1990s, consists in computing the forces due to internal and external fluids along the drillstring. The first type of model (called the Archimedes method) directly produces an effective tension, while the second one (generally called the pressure area method) produces a true tension that must be further transformed to obtain the effective tension. These different forms of tensions add even more confusion. By returning to the basic equations of the fluid effects on the drillstring, an equivalency between Archimedes and pressure area models has been found for the case with no circulation. Furthermore, with the same principle, an Archimedes-like model is deduced for the case of fluid circulation, where the effects of fluid pressures, frictions, and flows could be more easily interpreted. These two hydraulic models, after implementation in a true stiff-string 3D model, enable them to fairly compare the two approaches in terms of forces applied on the structure. The comparison of this Archimedes formulation with pressure area model gave sensibly the same results for various scenarios, proving the equivalency of the two approaches even with the case of circulating fluid. In addition to the model-to-model comparisons, torque and drag results are compared to field experiments at different depths. The flow rate was varied while reciprocating the drillstring up and down, and the hookload was recorded for each flow rate and each tripping direction. The model-to-data comparisons showed a good agreement between the theoretical results and experimental data. An advanced Archimedes method with all fluid circulation effects has been developed. By tackling the problem of circulating fluid in the drillstring using two different approaches and proving their equivalency, a better understanding of the hydraulic effects can be achieved, which in terms can help settle the possible debates and confusion that might arise by drilling engineers.
Effect of Baduanjin on pulmonary rehabilitation outcomes in patients with moderate chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: a multi-center randomized controlled trial
Authors: Chen Xuan , Fu Cuiping , Wang Xiongbiao , Sun Meng , Shi Jindong , Zhang Wei , Li Shanqun
Published: June 2023

Background: Effect of Baduanjin, as a traditional Chinese mindful movement, on patients with moderate chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), was still unknown. The aim of our study was to evaluate its efficiency on pulmonary function and exercise capacity in moderate COPD patients.
Method: A multi-center randomized controlled trial about moderate COPD patients were collected from ten hospitals in Shanghai. Tri-Ball® Respiratory training was used as the control PR intervention in this trail to evaluate the efficiency of Baduanjin. After signing informed consent, all participants recruited were followed a two-week run-in period. Participants were randomly assigned into four groups, namely Baduanjin alone, Tri-Ball® Respiratory training alone, Baduanjin combined with respiratory training, and the control group. Each group lasted for 12 weeks. The outcome assessments were conducted at four time points, namely at the 4th week and 8th week during the intervention, at the end of 12-week pulmonary rehabilitation program, and at the end of the 24-week follow up.
Result: A total of 240 participants were recruited in this prospective randomized controlled trail. After exclusion, 217 moderate COPD patients were analyzed in this study. After 12 weeks, Baduanjin traing showed improvement in pulmonary function (percent of FEV1 predicted, FEV1 pred%) and dyspnea (modified British medical research council questionnaire, mMRC scale), exercise capacity (six-minute walk distance, 6MWD), and therapeutic efficiency (COPD assessment test, CAT) in moderate COPD patients. Banduanjin presented better PR results than the control. Besides, combining Baduanjin with additional inspiratory muscle training presented better PR result than banduanjin or inrespiratory muscle exercise alone. The positive effect on parameter of pulmonary function, exercise capacity and therapeutic efficiency were perceived by subjects and continued to maintain after 24-week follow up.
Conclusion: The results of this trial indicated that traditional Baduanjin exercise could prevent COPD lung function deterioration, and provide a simple, and daily pulmonary rehabilitation measure for the patients with moderate COPD.
Trial Registration: The study protocol has been registered with the Clinical Trial Registry (NCT03892629).
Impact of Blood Alpha-tocopherol Levels on Oocyte and Embryo Quality in Women Undergoing IVF/ICSI Treatment: A Cross-sectional Study
Authors: Faisal Raghad , Alhalabi Marwan , Alquobaili Faizeh
Published: June 2023

Background: Evaluation of oocyte quality is one of the most important goals of embryologists in assisted reproductive technologies, due to its importance in successful fertilization and embryonic development. Females undergoing in vitro fertilization are exposed to massive systemic oxidative stress due to the ovarian stimulation protocols used, which negatively affects oocyte maturation and embryonic development. Vitamin E is one of the most important exogenous antioxidants purported to defend against oxidative stress by modifying free radical electrons, and therefore it is necessary to investigate the effect of its blood levels on oocyte maturation and the embryo quality in women undergoing in vitro fertilization treatment.
Methods: An observational, cross-sectional study was conducted on 60 females undergoing IVF treatment by pituitary down-regulation with GnRH agonist. Alpha-tocopherol levels in the serum and the follicular fluid were determined using an HPLC kit for vitamin E (RECIPE, Germany). The maturity of the oocyte nucleus as well as the development of the resulting embryos after sperm injection are evaluated by the in vitro fertilization specialist. Grade Ι embryos resulting from the injection of high-quality oocytes (MΠ oocytes) are what the doctor seeks to obtain to return these embryos to the uterus. We investigated the relationship between serum alpha-tocopherol levels with the percentage of MΠ oocytes and Grade Ι embryos using Statistical Package for Social Sciences version 23, and a chi-square test was adopted to study differences in the distribution rates of the types of oocytes and embryos at different levels of vitamin E in the blood.
Results: According to the blood vitamin E levels, a significant difference (p= 0.001) was found between the percentages of both MΠ oocytes and grade Ι embryos. The highest percentages were for levels (10-<15), followed by levels (5-<10), while the lowest percentages were seen for levels (15-20) mg/l of vitamin E in the blood for both, which were 68 and 62, 17 and 20, 15 and 17%, respectively.
Conclusion: The highest ratio of both mature oocytes (MΠ) and high-quality embryos (Grade I) can be achieved at blood levels of alpha-tocopherol (10-<15) mg/l in women undergoing IVF-ICSI.
Skeletal muscle-secreted DLPC orchestrates systemic energy homeostasis by enhancing adipose browning
Authors: Hu Xiaodi , Sun Mingwei , Chen Qian , Zhao Yixia , Liang Na , Wang Siyuan , Yin Pengbin , Yang Yuanping , Lam Sin Man , Zhang Qianying , Tudiyusufu Alimujiang , Gu Yingying , Wan Xin , Chen Meihong , Li Hu , Zhang Xiaofei , Shui Guanghou , Fu Suneng , Zhang Licheng , Tang Peifu , Wong Catherine C. L. , Zhang Yong , Zhu Dahai
Published: June 2023

Skeletal muscle is the largest metabolic and endocrine organ. It secretes various peptides that contribute to regulating body energy homeostasis by communicating with other metabolic organs. However, it is unknown whether muscle-secreted lipids exert a similar function. Myodis specifically expressed in skeletal muscle. Here, we report that genetic deletion of Myod in mice enhanced the oxidative metabolism of muscle and, intriguingly, rendered the mice resistant to HFD-induced obesity. By performing lipidomic analysis in muscle-conditioned medium and serum, we identified 1,2-dilinoleoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine (DLPC) as a muscle-released lipid that is responsible for MyoD-orchestrated body energy homeostasis in Myod KO mice. Functionally, the administration of DLPC significantly ameliorated HFD-induced obesity in mice. Mechanistically, DLPC was found to induce white adipose browning via lipid peroxidation-mediated p38 signaling in mice. Collectively, our findings uncover DLPC as the first muscle-derived lipokine and suggest that it might have clinical potential for treating obesity in humans.
Mutation-independent cystic fibrosis treatment by opening calcium-activated chloride channel with a novel GPR39 agonist, DS-1039
Authors: Muneoka Satoshi , Nakai Daisuke , Haruyama Munetada , Enomoto Kei , Hama Yasuhiro , Kanki Satomi , Terashima Hideki , Egashira Shiori , Kamei Reiko , Maeda Yuko , Inomata Norio , Tomimori Yoshiaki
Published: June 2023

Cystic fibrosis (CF) is a life-limiting genetic disease characterized by decreased chloride and water secretion and caused by loss-of-function mutations in CF transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR), an epithelial chloride channel. Here, we report DS-1039, an orally active GPR39 agonist, as a novel pharmacological agent to rescue CFTR dysfunction by activating calcium-activated chloride channel (CaCC). DS-1039 induced sustained chloride secretion and fluid transfer in primary bronchial epithelial cells from CF patients. DS-1039 activity was comparable to that of ivacaftor and lumacaftor in mutations with indications for these CFTR modulators, and even observed in class I mutations without approved CFTR modulators. DS-1039 oral administration to mice induced significant tear secretion. Combined with human pharmacokinetics (PK) projection and PK/pharmacodynamics relationship analysis, it was suggested that GPR39 agonists could induce fluid transfer in humans at practical doses. These findings highlight DS-1039 as a promising novel oral agent for CF treatment independent of CFTR mutation.
Association of Glycemic Variability and Time in Range with Lipid Profile in Type 1 Diabetes
Authors: Castelo Mariana Isabel Salsa , Neves Celestino , Neves João Sérgio , Carvalho Davide
Published: June 2023

Purpose
Hyperglycemia is associated with abnormalities of lipoproteins. The aim of this study was to analyze, in patients with Type 1 Diabetes (T1D), the association of glycemic control with lipid profile, focusing on glycemic variability and time in range obtained from Continuous Glucose Monitoring (CGM).
Methods
We performed a retrospective cohort in patients with T1D. We analyzed clinical parameters, HbA1c, CGM and lipid profile in two moments 6 to 18 months apart. We evaluated the association of HbA1c and CGM metrics with lipid profile in cross-sectional (n = 242) and longitudinal (n = 90) analyses.
Results
The mean age of the study population was 36.6 ± 12.6 years, 51.7% were male, and the mean diabetes duration was 16.8 ± 10.3 years. In the cross-sectional analysis, higher HbA1c, higher glucose management indicator (GMI), higher time above range and lower time in range were associated with higher triglyceride levels. In the longitudinal analysis, an increase in time below range was associated with a decrease of HDL cholesterol. In both analyses, an increase in the coefficient of variability (CV) was associated with a significant decrease of HDL cholesterol. HbA1c and CGM were not associated with total cholesterol or LDL cholesterol.
Conclusions
We observed a negative association between CV and HDL cholesterol levels and a positive association between hyperglycemia metrics and triglyceride levels. These findings suggest that CGM parameters may be a helpful tool to guide the improvement of both glycemic control and lipid profile in T1D.
Does Yoga impact during Pregnancy: Systematic Review
Authors: Pais Maria , Pai Muralidhar V , Shashidar Dishashree Belathur
Published: June 2023

Background: Pregnancy-related stress will lead to many complications and it will affect the health of pregnant women. Many complementary therapies have a positive effect on the health of the mother and unborn child. RCTs were utilized to investigate the advantages of yoga for expectant mothers and their unborn children. High levels of stress especially between 25 to 28 weeks of pregnancy may also be connected to autism in children.
Aim The aim of this systematic review was to investigate all Randomized Control trials [RCT] that have a potential impact of yoga on pregnancy-related stress and pregnancy outcome.
MethodsA systematic search in PubMed, Web of Science, EMBASE, and CINAHL databases was undertaken from 2012 to 2022. Randomized Control Trial studies on pregnant women with yoga intervention especially in the second trimester, reporting either pregnancy or neonatal outcomes were included.
Results: The search resulted in potentially relevant studies; 16 were included. The majority of research studies found that pregnant women who practiced yoga had lower stress levels (p<0.001) as well as normal platelet counts and pregnancy outcomes (p<0.001), and had a positive impact of yoga during pregnancy.
Conclusion: In this systematic review shows that a prenatal yoga program gives pregnancy benefits well as well-planned labour and birth outcomes. Improvements in psychological, physical, and biological health of mother and child.
The application of virtual reality exposure versus relaxation training in music performance anxiety: a randomized controlled study
Authors: Bellinger Daniel , Wehrmann Kristin , Rohde Anna , Schuppert Maria , Störk Stefan , Flohr-Jost Michael , Gall Dominik , Pauli Paul , Deckert Jürgen , Herrmann Martin , Erhardt-Lehmann Angelika
Published: June 2023

Background
Performance anxiety is the most frequently reported anxiety disorder among professional musicians. Typical symptoms are - on a physical level - the consequences of an increase in sympathetic tone with cardiac stress, such as acceleration of heartbeat, increase in blood pressure, increased respiratory rate and tremor up to nausea or flush reactions. These symptoms can cause emotional distress, a reduced musical and artistical performance up to an impaired functioning. While anxiety disorders are preferably treated using cognitive-behavioral therapy with exposure, this approach is rather difficult for treating music performance anxiety since the presence of a public or professional jury is required and not easily available. The use of virtual reality could therefore display an alternative. So far, no therapy studies on music performance anxiety applying virtual reality exposure therapy have investigated the therapy outcome including cardiovascular changes as outcome parameters.
Methods
This mono-center, prospective, randomized and controlled clinical trial has a pre-post design with a follow-up period of 6 months. 46 professional and semi-professional musicians will be recruited and allocated randomly to an VR exposure group or a control group receiving progressive muscle relaxation training. Both groups will be treated over 4 single sessions. Music performance anxiety will be diagnosed based on a clinical interview using ICD-10 and DSM-5 criteria for specific phobia or social anxiety. A behavioral assessment test is conducted three times (pre, post, follow-up) in VR group through an audition in a concert hall. Primary outcomes are the changes in music performance anxiety measured by the German Bühnenangstfragebogen and the cardiovascular reactivity reflected by heart rate variability (HRV). Secondary outcomes are changes in blood pressure, stress parameters such as cortisol in the blood and saliva, neuropeptides, and DNA-methylation.
Discussion
The trial investigates the effect of VR exposure in musicians with performance anxiety compared to a relaxation technique on anxiety symptoms and corresponding cardiovascular parameters. We expect a reduction of anxiety but also a consecutive improvement of HRV with cardiovascular protective effects.
Trial registration
This study was registered on clinicaltrials.gov. (ClinicalTrials.gov Number: NCT05735860)
Association between long working hours and suboptimal health status on primary care physicians：a cross-sectional survey from primary care institutions in China
Authors: Huang Rong , Huang Yuankai , Xi Xiaoyu , Liu Jiayuan
Published: June 2023

Background
Primary care physicians in China generally work overtime and are exposed to higher incidence of suboptimal health status (SHS). However, the quantitative relationship between long working hours and SHS on primary care physicians remains unclear. This study aims to analyze the association of long working hours and SHS in China.
Methods
This nationwide cross-sectional survey was conducted with a randomized stratified sampling strategy. The Sub-Health Measurement Scale V1.0 was applied to measure SHS and logit regression was further adopted to explore association between long working hours and SHS.
Results
A total of 1227 questionnaires from 545 primary care institutions in China returned, of which 687 were valid with 56% effective rate. All the surveyed primary care physicians reported to work over 10 hours in at least one day per week. Compared to 6–7 days/week working over 10h, the risk of global SHS in the physicians who worked over 10 hours 4–5 days/week, 2–3 days/week and 1–2 days/week were increase with OR = 2.11([95%CI [1.11 ~ 4.01],P = 0.023),OR = 2.08 (95%CI [1.13 ~ 3.81], P = 0.018),OR = 1.86 (95%CI[1.03 ~ 3.37], P = 0.039), respectively. Compared to 6–7 days/week working over 10h, the risk of social SHS in the physicians who worked over 10 hours 4–5 days/week, 2–3 days/week and 1–2 days/week were increase with OR = 2.63([95%CI [1.35 ~ 5.14], P = 0.005),OR = 1.9 (95%CI [1.04 ~ 3.49], P = 0.037),OR = 1.92 (95%CI [1.06 ~ 3.48], P = 0.031), respectively.
Conclusion
Different from previous studies, this study surprisingly found that higher frequency of long working hours was related to lower incidence of global SHS and social SHS among primary care physicians in China, which indicated that long working hours not a risk factor for SHS and probably since hard-working increases Chinese physicians’ self-social values further reduces the incidence of SHS.
CblC Deficiency is the Cause of Persistent Proteinuria in a Young Female Ten Years After the Diagnosis of Atypical Nephropathy: A Case Report
Authors: Yang Min , Xin Ying , Du Yue
Published: June 2023

Background: Cobalamin C (cblC) deficiency is the most common inborn error of cobalamin metabolism. It is caused by pathogenic variants in the MMACHC gene with varying clinical features. However, proteinuria as the primary manifestation is exceedingly rare and renal biopsy demonstrating primary glomerular pathology also is infrequent. Here we report a pediatric patient with persistent proteinuria for ten years who was ultimately diagnosed as cblC deficiency and the pathological features suggestive of mesangial proliferative glomerulonephritis. Clinical and biochemical data, as well as detailed pathological findings at diagnosis and after 10 years, were also provided.
Case presentation: A 13-year-old girl with persistent proteinuria was diagnosed with atypical nephropathy for more than ten years prior. Hyperhomocysteinemia was occasionally observed for megaloblastic anemia. Further comprehensive genetic analyses of peripheral blood-derived DNA demonstrated heterozygous variants of methylmalonic aciduria type C and homocystinuria (MMACHC). CblC deficiency was finally found to be the cause of kidney dysfunction. Hydroxocobalamin, betaine, and L-carnitine were administered. The patient achieved resolution of the MMA and homocysteinemia, but she still had persistent proteinuria. The repeated biopsy showed developed to chronicity, which indicated a poor prognosis.
Conclusions: CblC deficiency should be suspected in the event of proteinuria with or without neurological symptoms. Glomerulopathy is another histopathological pattern of renal injury that is associated with cblC deficiency. The clinical manifestations are atypical, including proteinuria, hematuria and hypertension. Early detection and treatment as well as regular follow-up are important factors for a favorable prognosis