bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Optimized Energy Saving Design Analysis for Bashang New Rural Residences of Northwestern Hebei Province
Authors: Xu Ling Ling , Li Chun Xiao , Wang He
Published: March 2013

Energy consumption by rural residences accounts for large amount with Chinese economic development in an incredible speed. According to the survey of Bashang new rural of northwestern Hebei province by field test, villagers interview and questionnaire, this study made a profound analysis of general situation of the residences, lifestyle, energy consumption and residential thermal sensation, based on which, some results were proposed as follows: (1) south is the best orientation for rural residences of northwestern Hebei province; (2) combine function division and temperature division properly is advisable in period of design; (3) every function parts of the building should be tackled according to the background; (4) much attention should be paid on heat preservation in winter; (5) let villagers get to know the importance of energy saving may play an critic role in rural energy saving and building energy conservation.
A Comparative Study on Different Evaluation Standards of Green Building
Authors: Zhang Bin Quan , Chen Yong Sheng
Published: March 2013

In this paper, we analyze LEED and Green Standard, from macroscopic to microscopic views. We reveal the major way to promote green building construction, green building theory and the practice of exploration and innovation. Weight factor between LEED and Green Standard bears different roles and the roadmap of green building is illustrated.
Analysis of Heat Transfer by Thermal Bridge of Corner Wall in a New Glass Regenerated Pumice External Wall System
Authors: Gu Qian , Wang Yue , Tan Bin , Ren Sheng
Published: March 2013

This paper was based on heat insulating members made by a new type of waste glass regenerative pumice, with the characteristics of light weight, permeable water retention, ventilation, heat insulation, fire retardant, etc. In the external wall heat insulating system of building envelops, the thermal bridge of external wall corner was simulated with ANSYS. The temperature field and flux field distribution will be shown respectively of non-insulation, self-insulation, internal insulation and external insulation. Through comparing the heat preservation of different insulation forms, the external insulation was better than internal insulation and self-insulation. Besides, considering the imperfection of calculating the wall average heat transfer coefficient in current energy saving standards, a simplified method was presented to calculate the linear heat transmission coefficient with ANSYS. The two coefficients were compared to serve the latest research.
The Development of New Sandwich Thermal Insulation Composite Wall Based on the Housing Industrialization
Authors: Yin Wan Yun , Cui Jian Hua , Xia Guang Hui , Jin Ren Cai , Xia Shan , Liu Shou Chen
Published: March 2013

This paper reviews the development status of the new sandwich thermal insulation composite wall, structural features and technical level. We make brief comparison to the application and development of insulation wall in wall materials composition, wall structure forms and wall construction style. Some problems that need to be solved in the engineering practice are discussed and investigated. Based on the housing industrialization, this paper expounds the new sandwich insulation composite wall and proposes some ideas.
Magnetic Flocculation Technology for Copper and Zinc Ions Removal from the Tin Smelting Wastewater
Authors: Wang Chun Rong , Ren Xin , Li Wen Xiu , Hou Zhi Fei , Ke Chao , Geng Qin
Published: March 2013

Magnetic flocculation technology was investigated for the removal of copper and zinc ions from simulated tin smelting wastewater, and the effects of magnetic powder dosage, flocculant dosage, and pH on the removal of copper and zinc ions were estimated. The results show that the effluent quality is poor with magnetic powder, PAC and PAM separately dosed, but when magnetic powder is combined with PAC or PAM, the excellent effluent quality is obtained with the removal rate of the copper and zinc ions of more than 90% and 70% respectively. In addition, under the condition of magnetic powder dosage of 30g/L and PAC dosage of 60mg/L, pH show more significant effect on zinc ions than copper ions with pH increased from 5 to 10, and the removal rate of zinc ions increase by about 24%, while the removal rate of copper ions only increase by about 2.5%. Compared with the system with single metal ion, the coexistent ion system has excellent heavy metal removal efficiency, namely the copper ions removal rate increase by 3.42%, and the zinc ions removal rate increase by 0.46%. Moreover, magnetic flocculation technology presents the characteristics of shorter time of flocculation and sedimentation, smaller volume of the flocs and faster separation velocity.
The Characteristics of the Mixed Sludge Supernatant by Mesophilic Two-Phase Anaerobic Digestion Process
Authors: Liu Qi Wei , Zhang Xiao Yu
Published: March 2013

The mesophilic (35°C) two-phase anaerobic digestion ( TPAD) process was used to treat mixed sludge from primary sedimentation and secondary sedimentation tanks ( 1:3 ). The results show that when HRT is 10 days and organic loading rate is 1.5kgVS/ (m3•d), the upper-liquid COD of methanogenic phase and acidogenic phase increased along with time, but not obviously; The contents oSuperscript textf polysaccharides and proteins in upper-liquid multiplied increased with digestion time, polysaccharides and proteins in acidogenic phase upper-liquid were more than methanogenic phase; The value of CST became larger after being digested by mesophilic two-phase anaerobic digestion, but the dewaterability of sludge in methanogenic phase is better than acidogenic phase.
The Experimental Study on Landfill Leachate Treatment by Coagulation-Sedimentation + Electro-Oxidation Joint Reactor
Authors: Yu Tao , Huang Tao , Pan Yin Xi , Yang Lin Hai
Published: March 2013

The technology used the coagulation-sedimentation + electro-oxidation joint reactor has been studied to treat landfill leachate. First adding FeCl30.4g/L into all leachate for coagulation and sedimentation, its CODcr elimination rate can achieve 35%, but does have no effect on ammonia nitrogen. Then using electro-oxidation reactor to deal with effluent water, the reaction order of electro-oxidation reactor is first-level, as the reaction conditions are 20mA/cm2 of electric current density, 140min of reaction time, the leachate CODcr elimination rate can reach to above 90%, the ammonia nitrogen elimination rate meets to 98% around. Using coagulation-sedimentation + electro coagulation joint reactor to treat landfill leachate can get stable effluent water quality with good treatment effect, has very high elimination efficiency of CODcr and ammonia nitrogen. It is a suitable treatment technology for landfill leachate.
Gasoline Vapor Recovery Based on Integrated Technology of Absorption-Adsorption
Authors: Huang Wei Qiu , Wang Ying Xia , Lin Yi , Zhao Chen Lu
Published: March 2013

Two tests were designed to investigate activated carbon adsorbing gasoline vapor. In the inlet vapor-air mixture of the adsorption towers, the vapor volume fractions were 0.05 and 0.40, and the mixture flow were 40 m3/h and 65 m3/h respectively. The test results showed that their recovery rate were above 95％. A new integrated technology of absorption-adsorption for gasoline vapor recovery was developed. The recovery rate was up to 99.6％, and the outlet vapor volume fraction can be controlled below 0.0032. The integrated system will appear distinct comprehensive benefit.
Treatment of UDMH Waste Water by Microwave Catalytic Oxidation Process
Authors: Gou Xiao Li , Lv Xiao Meng , Cui Hu , Li Xia
Published: March 2013

The paper give the method of microwave catalytic oxidation process to treat UDMH waste water. The effects of microwave power, irradiation time, H2O2 dosage and activated carbon dosage on the degradation rate of UDMH were examined. Under the conditions of microwave power 490W, irradiation time 9min, H2O2 dosage 1mL and activated carbon dosage 1g per 100ml UDMH sewage, the degradation rate of UDMH is over 97%. The method is effective by experiments, which will be the new way to treat the UDMH waste water.
Potential Use of Sedum Spectabile Inoculated with Glomus Mosseae in Phytostabilization of Lead/Zinc Tailings
Authors: Gu Hai Hong , Li Fu Ping , Xu Yong Li , Yu Qiang , Gao Yu Qian , Yuan Xue Tao
Published: March 2013

The effects of the arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus Glomus mosseae on growth, metal uptake and translocation of Sedum spectabile for phytostabilization of lead/zinc tailings were investigated by a greenhouse experiment in this study. The results showed that mycorrhizal inoculation significantly improved biomass of S. spectabile. The Pb, Cu and Cd concentrations in roots were higher than those in shoots both with and without mycorrhizas, while Zn concentration was higher in shoots than that in roots. In addition, it was found that most of the values of bioconcentration factor and translocation factor of tested metals were much lower than 1, except the translocation factor values of Zn were about 3, and inoculation further significantly reduced translocation factor values of Pb and Cu. These results suggested that S. spectabile inoculated with mycorrhizal might be a potential approach to revegetation of Pb/Zn tailings in northern China.
Research on the Composition and Property of Boron Mud
Authors: Ning Zhi Qiang
Published: March 2013

The composition and property of the boron mud is investigated by X-ray diffractometry (XRD), scanning electron microscope (SEM), thermogravimetry (TG), differential thermal analysis (DTA) and fourier transformed infrared spectroscopy (FITR). The mineral components of the boron mud are magnesite (MgCO3)、forsterite (Mg2SiO4)、hematite (Fe2O3)、dolomite (CaMg(CO3)2) and a small amount of magnesium sulfate and lizardite((Mg,Al)3[(Si,Fe)2O5](OH)4)). The decomposition reaction of the boron mud can be carried on at 400~600°C, and silicate of the boron mud can reaction with NaOH with the increase of temperature to about 1000°C.
New Research Development on Heavy Metals’ Speciation in Soil
Authors: Lian M H , Sun L N , Sun T H , Tang J X
Published: March 2013

The bioavailability and environmental risk of heavy metals in soil depends greatly on their speciation, not total amounts. Different speciation analysis techniques of heavy metals in soil are reviewed and the speciation schemes are considered and discussed in some detail. The present problems remained in the field of environmental science and future trends of speciation analysis of heavy metals in soil are also briefly dealt with.
Source Apportionment of Particulate Matter Based on Carbon Isotope Mass Balance Model
Authors: Zhang Jian Qiang , Peng Lin , Bai Hui Ling , Liu Xiao Feng , Mu Ling
Published: March 2013

In the process of source apportionment for particulate matter by mass balance model, the colinearity between various source profiles leads to the different analyzing results. For this reason, carbon isotopic apportionment based on the difference in carbon isotopic composition of particulate from different sources was put forward in this study. On the basis of chemical mass balance model, carbon isotope mass balance model is built to discriminate the sources including soil dust, coal dust and vehicle exhaust dust. This improved method has been used in the source apportionment of particulate in Taiyuan, and the results showed that the contributions of vehicle exhaust dust, coal dust and soil dust to air particulate in Taiyuan are 45%,13% and 18% respectively in heating season, while 23%,21% and16% in non-heating season. Therefore, the control of ash fly from burning coal is a long-term and arduous task.
Study on Scenario Assisted Decision Making Method for Emergent Water Pollution Accident
Authors: Yang Da Yong , Zhou Wen , Yang Jian , Lin Kui , Zhao Kun Rong
Published: March 2013

How to assist decision making efficiently using information technologies such as GIS and water environment models has become a hot issue in the field of emergency study. Starting from the actual need of water pollution accident emergency handling, this paper uses scenario analysis, organically couples GIS, water environment accident models and decision making methods, and establishes an intelligent decision making system for emergent water pollution events. Then, with the actual data from Beijiang River cadmium pollution event entered into this system, it analyses and compares the change of pollution situations in different scenarios, and verifies the effects of the study. Finally, it provides a technical summary and prospect.
The Influence of Leachate Refluence on Dry Mesophilic Co-Fermentation
Authors: Yin Fu Bin , Li Zi Fu , Hou Shuang , Bai Xiao Feng , Wang Ting Ting
Published: March 2013

The main objectives of this research were to determine the effect of leachate refluence on biogas production for dry mesophilic co-fermentation of chicken manure and corn straw. The biogas production, the ratio of biogas production, methane content and pH were analyzed. The results showed that the leachate refluence has a significant impact on biogas production of dry co-fermentation. The cumulative biogas yield of the once in 48h has an increase by 10% and 5% for no reflux and once in 24h, respectively. The leachate refluence has little influence on the methane content, but it has good effect to keep pH in the optimum rang.
The Response of SOC Content and Seasonal Dynamics of Three Alnus formosana Forests under Different Herb Layer to the Fertilization
Authors: Mo Zhi Bin , Wu Yong , Yu Lin
Published: March 2013

Alnus formosana + Hemarthria compressa (A+H), Alnus formosana + Lolium multiflorum Lam (A+L), and Alnus formosana + natural grass (A+N), the comparative analysis of SOC(SOC) content, vertical distribution and seasonal dynamics of the three kinds of forest modes and the response of which to the fertilization suggests that the content of the SOC of the three kinds of forest lands under different herb layer in the soil which has been fertilized and unfertilized respectively are: A+L >A+H >A+N. The results mainly caused by the differences among herb layers. The vertical distribution law of organic carbon is no difference among three kinds of modes that the content of organic carbon would be decreased with the depth of soil layers. However, the reduction rate of organic carbon content in soil layers in the depth 0~20cm is more obvious than in 20~40cm. Fertilization can increase the SOC content, and especially in the shallow surface. The seasonal dynamics of the three kinds of SOC modes are basically same: the SOC content will reach the minimum in autumn, and then it will be gradually increased until the maximum is reached in the next summer. The main characteristic is that the relatively higher content of SOC is presented in spring and summer, which on the contrary in autumn and winter. The seasonal dynamics of SOC is insignificantly influenced by fertilization. For the soil organic content, the A+L is better than the A+H.
Analysis of Wetland Ecosystem Response of Poyang Lake with Water Level Evolution Base on TM Images
Authors: Lin Yu Ru , Du Ya Ping , Yang Hua Mei
Published: March 2013

The response of wetland ecosystem of Poyang Lake influenced by hydrological process changes was addressed. The spatial distribution and area of water, water-land transition zone and exposed grass continent were obtained by classification and extraction of wetland based on Landsat-TM images and analysis of observed hydrologic data. The results indicated that wetland ecological system of Poyang Lake was characteristic of complexity,sensitivity,mutability and fragility, and the optimum water level of wetland in Poyang Lake was 10-14m.
Tradeoff of Airframe Noise and Field Length in Conceptual Design of Airliner
Authors: Ashish Manandhar , Zhang Shuai , Yu Xiong Qing
Published: March 2013

The purpose of this paper is to present a tradeoff study of airframe noise and field length due to wing area and flap setting configuration during conceptual design. The aircraft takeoff and landing length is predicted by the Matlab synthesis code for airliner conceptual design. The NASA’s Aircraft Noise Prediction Program (ANOPP) is used to evaluate the airframe noise signature. It is found that: (1) with the increase in wing area both the landing and takeoff field length will be reduced, and approach noise decreases whereas the takeoff noise increases; (2) with the increase in flap setting from 50 to 200, both landing and takeoff field length reduces but the noise level increases during takeoff and decreases during the approach. The results can help designers to select suitable values of wing area and flap setting to meet both the requirements of field length and noise levels.
Research of Environmental Impacts and Environmental Protection Countermeasures in the Process of Fire Fighting and Rescue
Authors: Zhao Yi Hui , Xue Lin
Published: March 2013

Typical cases of environmental pollution in the fire fighting and rescue were descript, and main features and causes of this type of incident were analyzed. From the three aspects some environmental protection countermeasures were suggested.
Comparative Physiological Responses of Two Buxus Species on Flooding Stress
Authors: Liu Shi Ping , Bi Yu Ting , Tian Wei , Xue Yan Hong
Published: March 2013

Buxus ichangensis is a rare shrub specifically distributed along the banks of the Yangtze River in Three Goreges Reservoir area. In order to bring a basis for population reconstruction and ex situ conservation, we surveyed the flood-tolerance capacity of B. ichangensis together with its close species, Buxus microphylla. The results showed that B. ichangensis plants were more tolerant to waterlogging stress. Through further investigation of the physiological responses of 2 Buxus species, we supposed a possible mechanism for flooding adaption that physiological factors, especially photosynthesis rate, stomatal conductance, chlorophyll content and root livingness, were highly correlated with flooding-tolerance.
Diurnal and Seasonal Variations in Soil Respiration in a Temperate Broad-Leaved Korean Pine Forest, China
Authors: Liu Ying , Han Shi Jie
Published: March 2013

LI-6400-09 soil CO2 flux chamber (LI-COR, NE USA) and Subtraction method were used to investigate the diurnal and seasonal variations of soil respiration and the contribution of root respiration to total soil respiration in a temperate broad-leaved Korean Pine forest ecosystem, China. Soil temperatures at 5 cm depth were recorded by Hobo thermal recorder (at 1 h interval) and year-round soil respiration and the contribution of root could be calculated based the Q10 relationship. The results indicated that: Diurnal variations of total soil respiration (TRs) and root-severed soil respiration (RRs) were highly associated with variations of soil temperature at 5 cm depth in a day. total soil respiration, root-severed soil respiration (RRs) and root respiration (Rs) followed a similar seasonal trend that varied markedly during the growing season with high rates in summer and low rates in spring and autumn, coinciding with summer wet and high temperature, and in spring and autumn, with the lower temperature. The mean rates of TRs, RRs and Rs was 3.68, 2.02 and 1.63 µmol m-2 s-1, which were 1392.63, 764.43 and 616.84 g C m-2 y-1 respectively from May to September in 2004. TRs, RRs and Rs were exponentially correlated with temperature during growing season. However, there were no correlations between soil respiration and soil volumetric moisture. The Q10 values for TRs, RRs and Rs were 2.40, 2.42 and 2.50 respectively. The root was a major component of soil respiration, accounting for from 29.3 to 58.7% of the total soil respiration from May to September in 2004. The year-round mean of TRs, RRs and Rs were 1.95, 1.07 and 0.81 µmol m-2 s-1, which were 737.94, 404.92 and 306.53 g C m-2 y-1 respectively. Root respiration contributed 41.0% to the annual total soil respiration.
Research and Application on the Effect of Magnaporthe grisea Toxin on Rice
Authors: Hu Yun Gao , Yang Guo Tao , Xie Chong Hua , Zhang Ling , Chen Yong Jun
Published: March 2013

Knowledge remains limited about whether the optimum culture condition of getting the most virulent M.oryzae toxins can be found and applied for resistant seed selection. The inhibition of seed germination and the growth of embryo and radicle in rice treated by the Magnaporthe grisea toxin that got from different culture conditions were studied. The result suggested that the M.oryzae toxin had great inhibitory effect on seed germination and growth of embryo and radicle in rice. The M.oryzae toxin cultivated on 23 °C, pH 8.0 for 20d has strongest inhibition on seed germination of the hybrid rice variety of GangYou725, the inhibition rate approach 70%; Being cultivated at the same pH and 23°C～28°C for approximate 10d, it is easy to get the M.oryzae toxin for high growth inhibition of embryo and radicle. It can reduce the workload and increase accuracy to use M.oryzae toxin to identify blast resistances of rice and select resistant materials.
The Application of RFID in Substation Inspection System
Authors: Wang Su Zhen , Han Dong , Dong Qian
Published: March 2013

PDA with RFID functionality, integrated GIS (Geographic Information System), GPRS (General Packet Radio Service) wireless communication technology and Embedded Database Technology developed the substation inspection system based on B/S structure. The system quickly identify equipment identity and accurate records of the defect content of substation equipment according the RIDF. Not only real-time learned inspection personnel in place, but also solve the problem of substation equipment inspection data is not real-time upload. Using the RFID technology improved the substation inspection efficiency and ensured the safe operation of the equipment. This has good promotional value in the power inspection.
Patterns and its Disaster Shelter of Urban Green Space in Mining Cities: Empirical Evidence from Jiaozuo City, China
Authors: Tong Yan , Lin Hua
Published: March 2013

Urban green space system has a strong function of disaster prevention and reduction. In this paper, taking Jiaozuo as an example, the composition and structure of urban green space with its disaster shelter space is studied. The per capita area of medium and long-term shelters in urban green space of Jiaozuo raise from 5.60 m2 to11.34 m2 during 1999 and 2007.It is far exceed the basic average level. The per capita green space temporary shelters shows rise-decline trend. Firstly from 1.84 m2 in 1999 rise to 3.55 m2, 3.24 m2 in 2003 and 2005, then gradually descend 2.80 m2 in 2007.It basically above the basic per capita green space for temporary shelter area. Per capita green space of emergency shelter presents the process of gradually declining, its per capita area from 2.61 m2 in 1999 gradually decline to 0.98 m2 in 2007, which are under the warning line of 1.2 m2 .
Analysis and Evaluation of the Ecological Carrying Capacity of Liaoning Two Urban Agglomerations Based on State Space Method
Authors: Yue Qin , Wu Xia , Wang Yan
Published: March 2013

Ecological carrying capacity is a comprehensive carrying capacity，which is based on the single factor carrying capacity study of resources carrying capacity and environmental carrying capacity, reflecting the harmonious，interactive and symbiotic relationship between man and the ecosystem. In view of social, economic, environmental factors, this paper constructs ecological carrying capacity evaluation index system of urban agglomeration in Liaoning Province , using state space method to estimate and compare with the two urban agglomerations .
The Method of Forecasting the Population of Chinese Population Attractive Cities
Authors: Jiao Shu Hao
Published: March 2013

This paper presents a method of forecasting the population of Chinese population attractive cities. In this model the overall population is divided into two main parts, floating population(the people who will live in the city for a long time but do not have household register) and local population. The increment of floating population is positively correlated with the increment of local GDP approximately. Leslie matrix is used to imitate the process of the local population growth. Four main factors, death rate, birth rate, the ratio of male to female, and the growth of the local economy are considered to forecast the local population and floating population separately. The method in this paper overcome these shortcomings of the former method that they cannot explain the inner changes of the population, and ignore the factor of migration. So this method will offer a basis for the science of population forecasting.
Effect of mC/mN on Acidification Characteristic of a New Complex Microbial Community LZF-12 with High Cellulose-Degradation Ability
Authors: Zheng Guo Xiang , Liu Tianfu , Li Wen Zhe , Zheng Wen Ling , Zhang Yuan Bei
Published: March 2013

The key rate-limiting step of methane production by dry anaerobic fermentation with straw as main materials is acidication phase, and carbon nitrogen ratio (mC/mN) is major factor in affecting microbial fermentation performance. In this study, a batch test was carried out to investigate the effect of different mC/mN ratio on acidogenic fermentation performance by means of a new medium-temperature complex microbial community LZF-12 with high efficent lignocellulosic degration, which straw and peptone were sole carbon and nitrogen respectively in reaction system. The results showed that flora growth of LZF-12 increased graduately along with the dicrease of mC/mN ratio, especially that the mC/mN ratio reached 5.0, the growth rate of microbial flora was obviously better than that of other mC/mN ratio, and pH revealed similar change trend that finial pH was between 6-7 along with different mC/mN ratio. Analysis of straw weightlessness revealed that substrate degradation rate achieved above 70% at the condition of diffenent mC/mN ratio, and fermentation was typically acetate-type, which main liquid end production were volatile fatty acid (VFA) comprising 90% acetate, butyate and a small amount of ethanol and propionate. This work presents important analysis of fermentation property together with carbon nitrogen scale applicable for biodegradation process of cellulose by complex microbial community LZF-12, and is benefical to technological optimization of dry anaerobic straw fermentation.
Study on Separation of Furfural from Bio-Oil
Authors: Yang Chang Yan , Zhao Zhong Ming , Wu Zhen Zhen , Yang Xiao Hui
Published: March 2013

Furfural is an important chemical in bio-oil from biomass pyrolysis, and applied widely in the petroleum refining process. The separation of furfural from bio-oil was studied by means of resin adsorption. Parameters affected the furfural separation were investigated, including such as the types of resin, feed flow rate, process temperature, and solvent. The separation process was optimized with the maximum yield of furfural of 70.43%.
Main Factors Controlling Oil-Gas Enrichment Regularities and Accumulation Modes of Putaohua Oil Layer in Chaochang Region
Authors: Zhang Yan Yun , Li Zi Nan , Zhou Lu Lu
Published: March 2013

In order to clarify some kinds of geological conditions on the hydrocarbon accumulation process, this paper analyses the main factors controlling oil-gas enrichment regularities of Putaohua oil layer in Chaochang region of Daqing city, which conclude tectonics, sedimentary characteristics, oil source condition and the mutual relationship between of them. The results show that the organic abundance of hydrocarbon source rocks of Qing1 section control oil and gas distribution range. The configuring relationships of oil-source fault and reservoir sand body control oil and gas migration. The configuring relationship of sedimentary micro-facies types and structures controls oil and gas distribution. On the basis of these studies, oil and gas accumulation mode in Putaohua reservoir are summarized in Chaochang region. There are two accumulation models: nearby accumulation mode in northwest and updip accumulation mode in southeast.
Using Independent Component Analysis to Process Magnetotelluric Data
Authors: Cui Jin Ling , Deng Ming , Jing Jian En , Wang En Ci
Published: March 2013

It is much more difficult to estimate magnetotelluric(MT) impedance tensor in the sites which are contaminated by high noise. In order to estimate a precise impedance tensor, we examine a new method called independent component analysis (ICA) that is developed to remove the noise in the recorded data. ICA is a time series analysis method, in which complicated data sets can be separated into all underlying sources without knowing these sources or the way that they are mixed. In this paper, we use the ICA method to process real MT data. All results show that apparent resistivity and phases which are preprocessed by ICA and derived from impedance tensors are generally more stable than only robust processing. These results reveal that ICA has the potential to handle noisy data.
Analysis on Gas Geological Law of No.56 Coal Seam in Shengli Mine
Authors: Liu Yong Li , Ma Yuan Ping , Qin Tao , Dong Chang Ji
Published: March 2013

Based on the analysis of geologic structure evolution and distribution characteristic in the Shengli Mine, which studied the influence that the mine geological structure, roof and floor lithologic of coal seam and elevation of seam floor, made on mine gas occurrence, combined with geological data and a large number of experimental data. Detailed elaboration about the situation in the Shengli Mine gas geology law, and prediction about gas emission and the dangerous of gas regional outburst. The results show that the gas content of the seam would be increases with the depth of the seam increases; There would be an abnormal phenomenon occurred at the geological fault about the gas occurrence, which is especially obvious in fault fracture zone.
The Experiment of Coal Body Electrical Parameters under Triaxial Stress
Authors: Li Xiang Chun , Liu Fang Bin , Nie Bai Sheng , Wang Yong Jie , Li Li , Wang Zi Wei , Zheng Xuan , Guo Qi , Yang Chun Li
Published: March 2013

The variation of coal body electrical parameters are important parameters for researches on the propagation of electromagnetic radiation and acoustic emission in coal. Therefore, experiments of coal body electrical parameters under triaxial stress are carried out. Studies have shown that, the resistivity of coal body decreases with the loading of axial compression and confining pressure. And the decline of raw coal is relatively more obvious, while the decline of briquette is smaller. Moreover, the resistivity of coal body retains relatively stable when the stress is greater than 3MPa. With the increase of axial compression and confining pressure, the dielectric constant of coal body will also increase and it will be basically stable when the stress is greater than 3MPa.
The Strata Movement Regularity and Parameter Simulation Analysis in Multiple Seams Repeated Mining
Authors: Ma Wen Jing , Hu Hai Feng
Published: March 2013

The vast majority of China's coal mine was located in mountains and multi-seam mining and seam slice mining were the most common type. With the depth of our mining coal seam increased, it is important to research the regularity that the repeated mining affected the surface subsidence. The current paper used the measured data of Jia Lequan and simulated the surface deformation after removed the impact of the mountainous terrain to compare the trend and mechanism of the surface movement and parameters in repeated mining. Proposed the surface movement and deformation under the multi-seam repeated mining, and laid the foundation for the future research in repeated mining.
Biodegradation of Dieldrin by Cordyceps Fungi and Detection of Metabolites
Authors: Xiao Peng Fei , Kondo Ryuichiro
Published: March 2013

Twelve strains belonging to the genus Cordyceps were investigated for their ability to degrade organochlorine pesticide dieldrin. Based on the screening results, we further investigated Cordyceps militaris KS-92 and Cordyceps brongniartii ATCC66779 to determine their degradation capacity and metabolic products towards dieldrin. C. militaris KS-92 and C. brongniartii ATCC66779 removed about 45% and 36% of dieldrin in PDB medium, respectively, after 28 days of incubation. A hydrolysis product, 6,7-dihydroxydihydroaldrin, was detected as a initial metabolite of dieldrin in both fungal cultures using GC/MS analysis. C. militaris KS-92 particularly can degrade dieldrin to dihydrochlordenedicarboxylic acid through oxidation of 6,7-dihydroxydihydroaldrin or directly oxidation of dieldrin. The results suggested that dieldrin was metabolized to hydrophilic/low-toxicity products by selected fungi.
Study on Technologies and Countermeasures of Comprehensive Utilization of Coal Resources
Authors: Yang Sai Ming , Zhang Guo Rui
Published: March 2013

This article discusses a series of technologies of comprehensive utilization of coal resources,and puts forward countermeasures of comprehensive utilization of coal resources.These are benefical for comprehensive utilization of coal resources and maximize economic and social interests of coal resources.
The Comparative Analysis of Probability Integration and Numerical Simulation in Surface Subsidence Prediction
Authors: Li Guo Dong , Zhang He Sheng , Li Hong Hong
Published: March 2013

This article based on Real measurement data of mine, then use Probability integration and Numerical Simulation that most commonly used methods in movement and deformation prediction to compute. By comparing the final sinking graph of the two methods and the actual data, to achieve the applicability and accuracy of two ways. The research have certain reference significance and revelatory effect on the selection of different methods of the surface subsidence prediction.
Coal Mine Methane Drainage and Comprehensive Utilization in China
Authors: Ye Qing , Pi Yan , Jia Zhen Zhen , Wang Hai Zhen
Published: March 2013

According to situation of coal mine methane drainage and utilization, the five experienced development stages of coal mine methane drainage technology was summarized, the reasons of low rate of coal mine methane drainage were analyzed. Coal-seam methane utilization was analyzed from methane purification, methane generating electricity, chemical production, methane for civil utilization and utilization as automobile fuel etc. With the coal seam methane drainage quantity is more and more, the emissions requirements is more and more strict, so the emission reduction and effective utilization of this energy is important to accelerate efficient utilization of coal methane, reduce greenhouse gas emissions, protect environment, alleviate the supply contradiction of energy and realize sustainable development of coal mine etc.
Well Test Interpretation Method of Horizontal Well in Stress-Sensitive Gas Reservoir
Authors: Yi Xiang Yi , Zhang Zhi , Li Cheng Yong , Li De Cai , Wang Sheng Bo
Published: March 2013

Stress-sensitive widely exists in fractured reservoir. In this paper, a mathematical model of flow in stress-sensitive reservoir with horizontal well is established based on experimental data and with process of linearization. By using of Lord Kelvin point-source solution, Bessel function integration and Poisson superimpose formula, the dimensionless pressure response function of horizontal well in infinite stress-sensitive reservoir is obtained. And then the derivative type curve is calculated. Based on the type curve, the characteristics and influencing factors of the fluid flow through porous medium of horizontal well in stress-sensitive gas reservoir are analyzed.
Microstructure and Electrical Characterization of In-Doped Cd0.9Mn0.1Te Crystal Grown by the Vertical Bridgman Method
Authors: Yuan Zhen Wen , Wang Lin Jun , Zhang Ji Jun , Wei Gao Li , Qin Kai Feng , Min Jia Hua , Liang Xiao Yan , Xia Yi Ben
Published: March 2013

CdMnTe is one of the key materials for room temperature X-ray and gamma-ray detectors on Environmental Analysis and Monitoring. In this paper, the homogeneous Cd1-xMnxTe (x = 0.1) single crystal ingot was grown by the vertical Bridgman method. The compositional analysis was carried out by SEM/EDS. The Te inclusions were revealed by the IR transmission spectra. In dopant distribution was determined by ICP-AES measurement. The resistivity of CdMnTe was cha-racterized by I-V method. It was found that the segregation coefficient of Mn was 0.97. In dopant contents within 3 to 21 ppm of the ingot were found. The Te inclusions were mainly 8.2-28.3m in size and 1×105-1.5×107cm-3in concentration. I–V measurement reveals that sputtered Au film can form good ohmic contact and all the slices have the resistivity within 107 to 109Ωcm.
Calculation Methods of the Dynamic Reserves for Gas Wells in a Low-Permeability Gas Reservoir
Authors: Zhang Lei , Zhang Lai Bing , Zhang Jun Jie , Lan Feng , Deng Pan
Published: March 2013

Accurately calculating dynamic reserves for single well in a low-permeability gas reservoir has an important guiding significance to high efficiency development of the gas reservoir. During the development of the gas reservoir, dynamic analysis methods were often used to calculate dynamic reserves. Dynamic analysis methods mainly include the material balance method, the gas production method in unit pressure drop, the flexible two-phase method and the production unstable method. Dynamic reserves for four types of gas wells in a low-permeability gas field were calculated using these four methods. Calculation results show that dynamic reserves from big to small are respectively obtained using material balance method, gas production method in unit pressure drop, flexible two-phase method and production unstable method. Calculating dynamic reserves obtained by flexible two-phase method and production unstable method are utilized to production dynamic data of gas well, and those obtained by material balance method and gas production method in unit pressure drop are utilized to the reservoir parameters of different state. Therefore, the values of dynamic reserves obtained using flexible two-phase method and production unstable method in the low-permeability gas reservoir may be more accurate than those obtained using the other methods.
Characteristics and Evaluation of Zao IV Group of Kong I Zone in Zaobei Oilfield
Authors: Yu Ying Hua , Yuan Dan Dan , Yang Xiao Yu
Published: March 2013

Based on the characteristics of sedimentary facies, lithology, physical properties and heterogeneity for the reservoirs, a comprehensive evaluation for the reservoirs is researched, so as to determine the relative quality difference for different layers and different blocks, providing geological pursuant to the development of oilfield. The results show that Zao IV Group of Kong I Zone can be divided into three types, of which class I accounted for 26%, class II accounted for 42% and class III accounted for 32%, and reflected the strong degree of inhomogeneous of reservoir.
Designing the Dynamic Rate of Oil and Gas Resource Tax of China
Authors: Wang Jia Shan , Jiang Qing Jie , Li Shao Ping
Published: March 2013

The influencing factors of the oil and gas differential income conclude the oil quality, the oil and gas development stages, the regional economy and the environmental pollution. Through analyzing these influencing factors, determining the influence coefficient of each influencing factor, identifying the dynamic tax rate formula of different oil and gas fields on the basis of benchmark tax rate, then applying the formula to Daqing Olifield to calculate its dynamic tax rate, achieving the aim of obvious differential profit and fair tax burden.
Qualitative and Quantitative Analysis of Flavonoids in Humulus scandens (Lour.)Merr. by UPLC-TQD and HPLC
Authors: Wang Xiao Wei , Liu Zhen Hua , Yu Rui Xiang , Guo De Hua , Zhu Si Ming , Xia Cui Hua , Ding Zhuo Ping
Published: March 2013

To qualify and quantify the flavonoids existing in Humulus scandens (Lour.)Merr., a Ultra performance liquid chromatography triple-quadrupole tandem mass spectrometer (UPLC-TQD) method was applied to preliminarily analyze the flavonoids exiting in Humulus. And a High performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method was used to analyze the flavonoids existing in Humulus. Flavonoids in methanol extracts of Humulus were cleaned up by a C18 cartridge, separated by a PLASMA ODS column(5μm,250×4.6mm), with a gradient elution of methanol and 0.1% formic acid at a flow rate of 1 mL•min-1 . Analytes were detected with ultraviolet detector (UV) at 280nm. Flavonoids, including Epicatechin, Luteolin-7-O-Glucoside, Vitexin or Apigenin-7-glucoside, Morin hydrate or Quercetin dehydrate and Luteolin were found in Humulus according to the UPLC-TQD. Results of HPLC analysis showed the linear ranges of 11 flavonoids were 0.1mg•L-1-20mg•L-1 with the correlation coefficient (r) all above 0.9909. Limits of detection (signal/ noise=3) was 100Superscript text μg•L-1. The average recoveries of all the compounds spiked at four levels of 200μg•L-1, 500μg•L-1, 1 mg•L-1 and 1.5 mg•L-1 were in the ranges of 70.8%-112.1%, 74.6%-116.6%, 73.1%-110.6%, 73.7%-99.9%, with the corresponding relative standard deviation (RSD, n=6) of 2.5%-5.8%, 0.8%-4.3%, 0.8%-3.7%, 1.7%-3.8%, respectively. This method ,which was proved to be precise, sensitive and reliable, could be applied to analyze flavonoids in leaves.
Effects of Chlorine on Disinfection by-Products (DBPs) Formation in Synthetic Drinking Water
Authors: Gao Xue , Chen Zhe , Liu Wen Jun
Published: March 2013

This study focused on the effect of chlorine on disinfection by-product (DBPs) formation. The concentration of DBPs and total residual chlorine were measured at the same time in synthetic drinking water. Chlorine demand and DBPs increased with chlorine dose and contact time. The descending DBPs formation potential rank was: TCM > DCAA > TCAA > TCNM > BDCM. Furthermore, a linear relation between the concentrations of DBPs (HAAs, THMs or TNMs) and chlorine demand was discovered, and the coefficients did not correlate with chlorine dose. Emerging N-DBPs such as HANs did not follow those disciplines because of their special structures. These results have instructive meanings to the further control of DBPs.
Numerical Simulation of Diffusion of UDMH in Confined Space
Authors: Chen Jia Zhao , Ning Chao , Zhang Yu Xiang
Published: March 2013

In order to study the diffusion pattern of Unsymmetrical Dimethyl Hydrazine (UDMH) in a confined space, a 3D geometric model of cylindrical space with a column obstacle in the center was built and diffusion of UDMH in the space was simulated by using FLUENT. The gas concentration distribution in the space was gained at different moments, and the polluted area with concentration above 0.5ppm was focused on. The simulation result suggests that the toxic gas is mainly concentrated in an area about 1m above the bottom of the space, and ventilation can effectively reduce the hazard time and continuous expansion of polluted area.
Estimation of the Environmental Load Caused by Introducing Light Rail Transit Using an Urban Transportation Simulator
Authors: Kudo Nozomi , Nakamura Hideo
Published: March 2013

A modal shift from automobiles is imperative in the transportation field for realizing a low-carbon society. We have developed a simulator that can quantitatively assess the effect of a modal shift by simulating track-based public transportation, such as LRT (Light Rail Transit), and automobile transportation. This paper presents an example in which we used the simulator to calculate the effect in a case where track-based transportation is implemented.
Environmental Quality Assessment of Tibet Based on 3S
Authors: Xia Xu
Published: March 2013

TM and HJ remote images were applied to land use interpretation of Tibet on the platform of Erdas software. The spatial distribution characteristics of Tibet land use were analyzed based on Landscape Ecology theory and GIS. The Ecological Index (EI) was calculated to access Tibetan eco-environmental quality. To validate the interpretation accuracy, GPS was used in field checking. The results show: (1) the farmland area of Tibet is 0.66%t of whole area. Woodland area is 164938.29 km2( 13.71%). Grassland is 548651.10 km2 (45.60%). Water area with 84392.81 km2 is 7.01%. Urban land is 3020.20 km2 ( 0.25%). Unutilized land is 460847.68 km2 (32.765); (2) High coverage grasslands are mainly distributed in some southern Tibetan counties, such as Xigaz, Nyemo, Lhongzi, Naidong, Yatung, Gyantse and Renbu (3) among 73 counties, there are 44 counties’ environment is moderate level, 18 counties’ environment is good level. Just one county’s EI is excellent level.
Fuzzy Comprehensive Assessment on Environmental Impact of Petroleum Project
Authors: Gao Cui Juan , Li Da Peng
Published: March 2013

The fuzzy comprehensive assessment method has proven effective in increasing the understanding of complex systems, including environmental systems. A fuzzy comprehensive assessment model of environmental impact of petroleum project is presented. The model utilizes factor set to represent environmental impact factors and evaluation set to environmental impact level. And it constructs the evaluation index system based on "pressure-state-response" model, and selects advantage indicators using the analysis hierarchy process, and determines the grading standard of environmental impact level. The results produced by this model reveal the degree of environmental impact caused by petroleum project.
SWOT Analysis of China’s Port Chemical Industry
Authors: Xiao Bin
Published: March 2013

This paper discusses the development of China’s port chemical industry and analyzes its advantages and disadvantages as well as the outside opportunities and threats, by means of SWOT analysis. The SWOT analysis of port chemical industry can help us make clear the subjective and objective conditions, better bring our strengths into play, avoid our demerits, seize the opportunities and respond to the challenges accordingly.
The Discussion and Analysis of the Influence of the Ecological Environment
Authors: Ma Tao
Published: March 2013

Beginning from basic meaning of the influence of the ecological environment, this paper discusses the characteristics of the influence of the ecological environment, and the importance of the ecological environment evaluation. What's more, this paper puts an emphasis on the analyses of the analogy analysis , biodiversity and landscape ecological method of the influence of the ecological environmental. The last part is the conclusion of this paper.
Assessment of Carbon Footprint at University Technology Malaysia (UTM)
Authors: Yazdani Zeynab , Talkhestan Gelareh Ashtary , Kamsah Mohd. Zaki
Published: March 2013

This study has been conducted to evaluate the ongoing issue of carbon footprints, and to identify sustainable carbon reduction strategies at the UTM main campus in Skudai, Southern Malaysia. The study focuses on the main contributors to carbon footprint from three emission, categories, specifically transportation, electricity consumed and waste generated. The study will look at the strategies for carbon emission mitigation, using data collected from several units in UTM, namely the Asset and Built Office, Security Office and Residential College, in order to estimate the carbon emissions. The study will also provide some suggestions on strategies for energy management systems to reduce the amount of CO2 emission in UTM.