bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Religious Minorities in Punjab Prisons
Authors: Alam Muhammad Qadeer
Published: January 2024

Despite Islamic, constitutional, and statutory provisions, under-trial and convicts from religious minorities in Punjab prisons strive for the right to worship and earn remissions by acquiring religious education on parity with Muslim prisoners. Muslim prisoners are entitled to remission if they reach a certain level of the Qur’ānic and Islamic education. In contrast, prisoners hailing from religious monitories cannot earn remission for their religious courses according to Pakistan Prisons Rules, 1978. This article outlines the state of remission for prisoners from religious minorities. It discusses the tenets of Islamic theology on the issue of providing religious education to non-Muslims at the expense of the Islamic state. The article investigates the administrative impediments and attitudinal biases that entail religious discrimination and the challenges that religious minorities experience in acquiring religious education for remission. The article underlines the need to develop administrative infrastructure and capacity in Punjab prisons to deliver education to religious minorities.
Factors Affecting Share Performance of Quoted Deposit Money Banks in Nigeria
Authors: O. Adebowale , A. A. Jamiu
Published: January 2024

The study examined the factors affecting share performance of quoted deposit money banks in Nigeria. The study adopted ex-post facto research design, and the population of the study consisted of all deposit money banks quoted in Nigeria as at 31st December, 2022. However, nine (9) banks were selected as sample size using a judgmental sampling technique. Data for the study were obtained from the annual reports and accounts of the nine (9) deposit money banks for the period of 10 years ranging from 2013-2022. The study used the OLS regression model as a technique of data analysis. The study found that earnings per share has a significant positive effect on market price per share. Meanwhile, dividend per share and price earnings ratio have an insignificant positive effect on market price per share, while book value per share has an insignificant negative effect on market price per share of quoted deposit money banks in Nigeria. The study recommends that corporate organizations, particularly corporate companies, should develop and implement strategies that will help improve their earnings per share, dividend per share and price earnings ratio in order to increase their share performance in the market.
CISTO DO DUCTO SALIVAR: RELATO DE CASO
Authors: Pascaretta Maria Eduarda Araújo , Aderaldo Luiza Maria Silva , Cavalcante Israel Leal , Turatti Eveline , Barros Caio César da Silva
Published: January 2024

INTRODUÇÃO: O cisto do ducto salivar é uma lesão caracterizada pelo aumento de volume, contendo líquido em seu interior. Origina-se devido à obstrução parcial ou completa de um ducto glandular, o que provoca retenção de secreção mucosa e dilatação ductal. Acomete predominantemente pacientes adultos e localiza-se, com maior frequência, em mucosa labial, mucosa jugal e assoalho de boca. OBJETIVO: Relatar um caso de cisto do ducto salivar em cavidade oral. RELATO DE CASO: Paciente do sexo feminino, 93 anos, leucoderma, compareceu ao serviço de estomatologia, com queixa de incômodo localizado emmucosa labial inferior. Ao exame intraoral observou-se, aumento de volume flutuante, de consistência amolecida e levemente azulada, medindo cerca de 1 cm em seu maior diâmetro. Foi realizada uma biópsia excisional. O exame histopatológico evidenciou ducto de glândula salivar revestido, predominantemente, por epitélio cúbico simples e áreas focais de metaplasiaescamosa. Desse modo, foi estabelecido o diagnóstico de cisto do ducto salivar. A paciente encontra-se em acompanhamento clínico, não apresentando sinais de recidiva após 1 ano. CONCLUSÃO: O cisto do ducto salivar é uma lesão não-neoplásica cujo tratamento é a excisão cirúrgica completa. As recorrências são incomuns. Sendo assim, a compreensão de suas características clínicas e histopatológicas são fundamentais para o adequado diagnóstico e tratamento.
TRATAMENTO REABILITADOR ESTÉTICO DE DENTE ESCURECIDO: UM RELATO DE CASO
Authors: Chagas Anna Clara Castro das , Eleutério Brunna Mendes Arcanjo , Paulino Geice Maria Silva , Trindade Júlia Fernandes , Mendes Talita Arrais Daniel
Published: January 2024

Introdução: Os dentes escurecidos podem ser considerados um grande desafio na rotina do cirurgião dentista. Portanto, para garantir um bom resultado e satisfação do paciente, faz-se necessário um planejamento minucioso dos casos. Objetivo: Dessa forma, o presente trabalho tem como objetivo relatar um caso de tratamento de dente escurecido, se utilizando da associação do clareamento externo e faceta em resina composta. Relato de Caso: Paciente K.R.A.S., gênero feminino, 38 anos, queixando-se de escurecimento no dente 11 e borda incisal irregular, com desejo de deixar o sorriso mais estético. Após anamnese e avaliação dos tecidos periodontais, foi iniciado o tratamento realizando clareamento externo somente no elemento dentário 11, com peróxido de hidrogênio a 37%. Em posterior sessão, foi realizada uma gengivectomia em ambos incisivos centrais superiores, com o objetivo de regularizar a harmonia da gengiva. Após 3 meses, para cicatrização ideal da gengiva, foi feita uma guia de silicona por meio de um enceramento diagnóstico previamente realizado. Para construção da faceta, utilizou-se da técnica de estratificação. Além disso, foram utilizados pigmentos azul, para caracterização da opalescência, e branco, para caracterização do halo opaco e manchamentos dentários, anteriores ao incremento final. Por fim, foram realizados o acabamento e polimento. Conclusão: A associação das técnicas de faceta e clareamento externo mostraram-se eficazes no mascaramento estético do dente escurecido e trouxeram satisfação à paciente.
Review on Car-T Cell Therapy for Cancer Treatment
Authors: Bajirao Suryawanshi Shubhangi , D Khaire Rahul
Published: January 2024

A set of illnesses known as cancer involve abnormal cell proliferation and have the ability to invade or spread to different bodily regions. These stand in contrast to benign tumours, which remain stationary. A lump, unusual bleeding, a persistent cough, unexplained weight loss, and a change in bowel habits are all potential warning signs and symptoms. Chimeric antigen receptors (CARs), often referred to as chimeric immunoreceptors or artificial T cell receptors, are receptor proteins that have been modified so that T cells now have the ability to target a particular antigen. Because they integrate antigen-binding and T cell activation functions into a single receptor, the receptors are chimeric. CAR T cell treatment is a form of treatment in which the patient's immune cells, called T cells, are altered in a lab so that they will adhere to and kill cancer cells. An apheresis machine receives blood from a vein in the patient's arm through a tube, filters out all white blood cells—including T cells—and returns the remaining blood back to the patient. The T cells are then genetically modified in the lab to contain the gene for a unique receptor known as a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR). The CAR T cells are multiplied in a lab before being infused into the patient in large numbers. In order to destroy cancer cells, the CAR T cells can connect to an antigen on the cancer cells.
Momentum Iterative Fast Gradient Sign Algorithm for Adversarial Attacks and Defenses
Authors: Kumar P. Sathish , Kiran K.V.D.
Published: January 2024

Deep neural networks (DNNs) are particularly vulnerable to adversarial samples when used as machine learning (ML) models. These kinds of samples are typically created by combining real-world samples with low-level sounds so they can mimic and deceive the target models. Since adversarial samples may switch between many models, black-box type attacks can be used in a variety of real-world scenarios. The main goal of this project is to produce an adversarial assault (white box) using PyTorch and then offer a defense strategy as a countermeasure. We developed a powerful offensive strategy known as the MI-FGSM (Momentum Iterative Fast Gradient Sign Method). It can perform better than the I-FGSM because to its adaptation (Iterative Fast Gradient Sign Method). The usage of MI-FGSM will greatly enhance transferability. The other objective of this project is to combine machine learning algorithms with quantum annealing solvers for the execution of adversarial attack and defense. Here, we'll take model-based actions based on the existence of attacks. Finally, we provide the experimental findings to show the validity of the developed attacking method by assessing the strengths of various models as well as the defensive strategies.
Reasons and Socio-Political Implications of Emergence of Terrorism Naxalism in India
Authors: Jaydevsinh B. Rayjada
Published: January 2024

The seeds of terrorism in India were sown during the British rule. As a result of the divide and rule policy of the British, Hindu Muslim communalism started at the time of independence and grew exponentially thereafter. India and Pakistan have fought four wars since the first war for the possession of Kashmir during the partition of India and Pakistan. Pakistan started trying hard politically to harm India. As a result of torture by terrorists in the terror-prone areas, the government system became very weak, the dissatisfaction with the government increased, the sense of nationalism among a section of the people was weakened, while the anti-national mentality was created in a section of the people, the terrorists got the necessary socio-political environment to spread their influence.
The concept of “Buyer beware” continues when we step onto the e-commerce platform
Authors: Kumar Dhurandhar Jayant
Published: January 2024

E-commerce (electronic commerce) is the exchange of goods and services and the transmission of money and data over the Internet. E-commerce relies on technology and digital platforms, including websites, mobile apps, and social media, to make buying and selling possible. E-commerce is the exchange of goods and services and the transfer of money and data over the Internet. E-commerce relies on technology and digital platforms, including websites, mobile apps and social media, to enable buying and selling.
RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN THE DURATION OF THE EXAMINATION IN THE EMERGENCY DEPARTMENT AND SOME CHARACTERISTICS OF THE PATIENTS
Authors:   Department of Anaesthesiology, Emergency, Intensive Medicine, Faculty ", Katrandzhiev Iliya ,   Medicine",   , Medical University - Varna, Bulgaria., Fuchidzhieva Radina ,   Department of Neurology and Neuroscience, Faculty "Medicine", Medical University - Varna, Bulgaria.
Published: January 2024

Length of stay is perceived as an important indicator of quality of care in Emergency Departments. The increased length of stay in the provision of emergency medical care can contribute to systemic problems in the provision of efficient and high-quality medical care. The aim of the present study was to investigate the relationship between the duration of the examination in the emergency department and some characteristics of the patients. Material and Methods: A retrospective study of patients admitted to the Emergency Department of St. Marina University Hospital – Varna, Bulgaria, over a 5-year period was conducted. Data were collected from the hospital information system. Results: 272,390 patients who passed through the emergency department were examined. The increase in the flow of patients from other areas is, on average 3.07 times. The majority of patients are adults from other areas who are self-directed. The average duration of the visit was 45.7 minutes.The average duration of visits increases in the morning and then decreases until midnight, when we observe an approximately 30-minute jump in the average duration. There was a significant difference in the average duration of the visit to the emergency department according to the days of the week, ethnicity, age and sex of the patients, as well as according to the reason for the visit. Conclusion: Our results show that the average duration of the visit varies considerably according to the time of admission and the day of the week, the volume of patient care, the characteristics of the patient and the characteristics of the hospital. The length of stay correlates directly with the patient's age, severity of sex, gender and ethnicity.
Enseñanza basada en tecnología interactivas digitales aplicadas al entrenamiento de trabajo en alturas
Authors: Martínez Oropesa Ciro , Montero Martinez Ricardo De La Caridad , Castro Benavides David Alejandro , Gallego Aguilar Andres Felipe , Salcedo Mayra Alejandra
Published: January 2024

Las teorías modernas de aprendizaje efectivo sugieren que el aprendizaje es más eficaz cuando es activo, experimental, basado en problemas y además proporciona retroalimentaciñon inmediata. Entendiendo el contexto, la tecnología ofrece una oportunidad para transformar la docencia universitaria y mejorar la calidad del aprendizaje de los alumnos. Estos medios o recursos didácticos ayudan a crear entornos diferentes y propicios para el aprendizaje debido a que vinculan los conceptos abstractos con los problemas del mundo real.
Silent Sites of Memory in Paule Marshall’s "The Chosen Place, The Timeless People"
Authors: Rosca Florentina
Published: January 2024

As the title of the book suggests, The Chosen Place, The Timeless People (1969) is place-focused; it is indeed a narrative of place and its people. The main fictional setting is a fictive Caribbean island, which acts as an essential locale in the protagonists’ act of (re)memory and (com)memoration. An emotionally charged place, this apparently insignificant island acquires a majestic stature in the book; it is space and place, home and exile, paradise and purgatory, past and present, remembrance and forgetfulness. This paper focuses on specific sites which are emblematic of the island community, given the complex role they play in the restoration of memory and identity. Pierre Nora’s concept of lieux de mémoire will be used here with an understanding that, in a Caribbean setting, places record the monumentality of loss caused by colonialism and its aftermath. The cane field and Sugar’s bar are places where the past lives, bearing constant proof of terrifying colonial abuse. Other locales, however, mainly dwellings and gardens, will be identified and examined as a solution to the protagonists’ exile. The paper aims to demonstrate that all these locales are the essence of the island or, to paraphrase Derek Walcott, they are the genuine fresco, map-less, history-less yet quintessential for the ‘persistence of memory.’
Historic(al) New York as Fictional Object
Authors: Oravițan Alexandru
Published: January 2024

This paper aims to investigate the portrayal of New York City in prominent American literary works, ranging from Washington Irving’s (1809) A History of New York to contemporary post-9/11 novels through an analysis of how evolving depictions of the city have been transformed into potent and revealing fictional objects that enrich the literary works into which they have been integrated. By employing the classification of fictional objects into native, immigrant, and surrogate set forth by Terrence Parsons (1980) in his landmark work Nonexistent Objects, this applied study on New York posits that, within the larger literary framework of the novels under discussion, cities construed as fictional objects manage to stimulate an active reading of the text and prompt diverse interpretations of their broader cultural significance. Essentially, this paper illustrates how the historical identity of New York City has been continually reimagined in American literature and how these imaginative representations continue to influence our contemporary popular perception of the city.
El contrato de vitalicio como alternativa apropiada a la desheredación
Authors: Vela Sánchez Antonio J.
Published: January 2024

Frente a las dificultades que supone la desheredación testamentaria –aun siendo por causa justa y a pesar de su ampliación por la jurisprudencia a los supuestos de maltrato psíquico–, y partiendo de la libertad de cualquiera de disponer inter vivos de todos sus bienes, se propone al Notariado el contrato de vitalicio o de alimentos como alternativa apropiada para privar a los legitimarios indeseables de su legítima. Este contrato de alimentos, al ser, esencialmente, oneroso y bilateral –y no una donación–, evitará que los bienes dispuestos en vida por el causante formen parte de la masa hereditaria, de manera que no habrá que traerlos a la cuenta de la herencia, ni para el cálculo de la legítima (ex art. 818 CC), ni para la colación entre los herederos forzosos (ex art. 1035 CC).
La reforma del Derecho de contratos: el cambio de circunstancias en los Derechos francés, belga y español
Authors: San Miguel Pradera Lis Paula
Published: January 2024

Hasta hace unos años, los Códigos civiles francés, belga y español no ofrecían una reglamentación para los supuestos de cambio sobrevenido de las circunstancias del contrato. Mientras que en Francia y Bélgica se elaboró la «teoría de la imprevisión» y los tribunales civiles rechazaron su aplicación en la contratación privada, en España, la jurisprudencia acudió a la «doctrina de la cláusula rebus sic stantibus» y la ha venido aplicando de manera restrictiva hasta la actualidad. Esta situación ha cambiado desde la reforma en 2016 del Código civil francés y del Código civil belga en 2022, pues ambos textos han pasado a regular expresamente el «cambio de circunstancias». En este trabajo se realiza un estudio de las nuevas regulaciones francesa y belga, de los presupuestos exigidos para tener en cuenta el cambio de circunstancias y de sus efectos sobre el contrato. Ambos textos se comparan con la regulación de la alteración sobrevenida de las circunstancias recogida en la Propuesta para la Modernización del Código civil español de la Comisión General de Codificación de 2009 y con la Propuesta revisada en 2023.
The effect of pulsed Er,Cr:YSGG laser scanning on the adhesion strength of lithium disilicate to tooth dentin
Authors: Azad Mohammed Noor , Mahdi Zainab F. , Abdulhameed Balsam Saadi
Published: January 2024

This study examined how Er,Cr:YSGG laser surface conditioning affected the adhesion of lithium disilicate ceramic to the dentin tooth structure. Forty samples were divided into four groups (n=10). The first group was untreated, whereas the second was etched with hydrofluoric acid. The third group was treated for 2 minutes with a 7 W, 25 Hz Er,Cr:YSGG laser. The fourth group received the same Er,Cr:YSGG laser treatment at 5 W. The untreated group had the lowest shear bond scores. Laser-irradiated Group 3 at 7 W had a higher maximum shear bond strength than the hydrofluoric acid-etched group. The laser-irradiated groups also had a more uniform, non-invasive surface roughness pattern. The samples were tested by atomic force microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and a universal shear bond testing machine. Surface treatment with the Er,Cr:YSSG laser at 7 W improves lithium disilicate ceramic adhesion to dentin. The laser outperforms hydrofluoric acid as the gold standard.
Association between zinc-alpha 2-glycoprotein and lipid profile among pregnant women with gestational diabetes
Authors: Saleem Bara Nahdh , Abdulridha Manal Khalid , Showman Hind Abdalkhaliq
Published: January 2024

Background: Gestational diabetes is a condition that occurs during the latter stages of pregnancy and is marked by notable resistance to insulin due to the release of hormones by the placenta. Zinc alpha 2-glycoprotein (ZAG) is an intriguing protein due to its ability to perform numerous essential functions in the human body. Prior research has linked ZAG to lipid metabolism.

Objectives: This study was designed to evaluate the ZAG level in GDM pregnant women undergoing different therapeutic modalities. Furthermore, the study examines the correlation between ZAG and lipid parameters.

Method: The study included a sample of 76 pregnant women aged 18 to 40 years. A total of 22 pregnant women without any health issues (Group 1), 30 pregnant women recently diagnosed with GDM (Group 2), and 24 pregnant women with GDM who were receiving various treatments (Group 3) were included in the study. All participants were in their second or third trimester of pregnancy, and their demographic information and lipid measurements were assessed.

Results: There was no statistically significant difference in ZAG levels among study groups (P ≥ 0.05); hence, GDM pregnant women in Group 2 showed the highest level. In GDM pregnant women who received treatment, there was a significant difference in ZAG levels among subgroups (p<0.01). The metformin group had the lowest level of ZAG. The high-density lipoprotein and triglyceride levels were significantly higher in GDM-pregnant women in Groups 2 and 3 (p<0.05). Only in Group 3, ZAG levels and other lipid parameters (total cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein, low-density lipoprotein, triglyceride, and very low-density lipoprotein) were highly statistically significantly correlated with each other (p<0.01), except for triglyceride levels, where there was no correlation between them (p≥0.05).

Conclusion: The current findings revealed that ZAG levels are altered in GDM pregnant women and are beneficial indicators for metabolic status during treatment. ZAG levels correlate well with the lipid profile in GDM pregnant women who received treatment.
Salmonella: sorotipos identificados na região de São José do Rio Preto/SP, no período de 1990 - 1999
Authors: Almeida Ivete A. Z. C. de , Peresi Jacqueline T. M. , Carvalho Inara S. de , Rodrigues Elisabete C. A. , Marques Denise F. , Tavechio Ana T. , Fernandes Sueli A.
Published: January 2024

No período de janeiro de 1990 a dezembro de 1999, no Instituto Adolfo Lutz – Lab. I de São José do Rio Preto–SP, foram isoladas 324 cepas de Salmonella, sendo 155 de infecções humanas e 169 de alimentos destinados ao consumo humano. Dos 17 diferentes sorotipos identificados a partir de infecções humanas, S. enterica subsp. enterica sorotipo enteritidis (S. enteritidis) foi o predominante (75,0%). O material fecal representou a principal fonte de isolamento das cepas, principalmente pela ocorrência dos vários surtos de doenças veiculadas por alimentos (DVA). A partir dos alimentos, 26,6% deles envolvidos em surtos de DVA, foram identificados 30 diferentes sorotipos, também com a predominância de S. enteritidis (56,2%). Os alimentos apresentando maior número de isolamentos de cepas de Salmonella foram a carne e seus derivados (59,7%), seguidos por ovos e seus derivados (16,0%), nos quais, S. enteritidis foi o sorotipo mais prevalente (57,4% e 81,5%, respectivamente). Estes resultados demonstram que S. enteritidis permanece o sorotipo mais freqüentemente isolado, tanto em infecções humanas quanto em alimentos. Os alimentos mais comumente implicados em DVA ainda são as carnes de aves e ovos, bem como os seus derivados, quando consumidos crus ou mal cozidos.
Incidência de parasitos da família Anisakidae em bacalhau (Gadus morhua) comercializado no Estado de São Paulo
Authors: Pereira Amélia D. , Atui Marcia B. , Torres Domingas M. A. G. V. , Mangini Ana Célia S. , Zamboni Claydes Q.
Published: January 2024

Vermes da família Anisakidae são nematóides parasitas do aparelho gástrico de mamíferos marinhos como focas, baleias e golfinhos. Larvas destes parasitas são encontradas freqüentemente em carne de salmão, bacalhau, arenque, atum, hadoque, linguado (hospedeiros intermediários). A infecção humana resulta do hábito do homem se alimentar com peixe cru, insuficientemente cozido, congelado, salgado ou defumado, contendo larvas infectantes vivas do nematóide. As espécies mais comumente envolvidas na infecção humana são Anisakis simplex e Pseudoterranova decipiens. O objetivo deste trabalho é registrar a ocorrência de larvas da família Anisakidae em bacalhau comercializado no Estado de São Paulo. Foram analisadas 22 amostras de bacalhau importado, provenientes da Delegacia do Consumidor (Decon), do Centro de Vigilância Sanitária do Estado de São Paulo e de empresas particulares, entre dezembro de 1997 e dezembro de 1998. Foram encontrados nematóides em 9 das amostras analisadas (40,91%) sendo que 6 (27,27%) pertenciam à família Anisakidae, gêneros Anisakis e Pseudoterranova. Os autores alertam as autoridades sobre a possibilidade desta infecção ocorrer devido ao aumento de consumo de “sushi” e “sashimi”.
Parasitoses intestinais: prevalência em creches comunitárias da cidade de Niterói, Rio de Janeiro – Brasil
Authors: Uchôa Cláudia M.A. , Lobo Alexandre G.B. , Bastos Otílio M.P. , Matos Alexandre D.
Published: January 2024

Foi realizado estudo coproparasitológico em 218 crianças que freqüentam creches comunitárias de Niterói/RJ e de 43 funcionários, tendo sido observada uma positividade para enteroparasitas em 120 (55%) e 15 (34,9%) respectivamente. Dentre as amostras positivas das crianças, o parasita que apresentou maior freqüência entre os protozoários foi Giardia lamblia (38,3%) seguida por Entamoeba coli (26,6%), Endolimax nana (17,5%), Entamoeba histolytica (11,6%) e Blastocystis hominis (2,5%). E. coli foi o parasita mais freqüente entre os funcionários. Entre os helmintos, nas crianças, o mais freqüente foi Ascaris lumbricoides (30%) seguido por Trichuris trichiura (26,6%), Hymenolepis nana (0,8%) e Enterobius vermicularis (0,8%). O monoparasitismo foi observado em 57,5% das crianças positivas. A alta incidência de enteroparasitas e em especial das protozooses sugere a possibilidade de transmissão interpessoal entre as crianças, contaminação ambiental ou mesmo a ocorrência de ingestão de alimentos e/ou água contaminados. Tais resultados demonstram a necessidade da implementação de medidas relacionadas a saneamento básico e programas contínuos visando educação sanitária nas comunidades estudadas, o que possibilitará uma melhoria na condição de vida das crianças e, conseqüentemente, melhora do aprendizado e desenvolvimento.
Ocorrência de Cryptosporidium spp. em hortaliças comercializadas no município de Ribeirão Preto, SP - Brasil
Authors: M. Capuano Divani , H. T. Okino Madalena , José do C.B. Bettini Maria , Célia S. Mangini Ana
Published: January 2024

O Cryptosporidium sp tem sido mundialmente descrito como importante agente causal de diarréia severa e prolongada, principalmente em indivíduos com imunodeficiência, como nos casos de infecção pelo HIV. Nos EUA, têm sido comprovados nos últimos anos surtos de diarréia causados pela contaminação da água de abastecimento por oocistos deste parasita. No entanto, são poucos os relatos sobre o papel dos alimentos como possíveis fontes de infecção da criptosporidiose. Visando detectar a presença de oocistos de Cryptosporidium sp em hortaliças comercializadas no município de Ribeirão Preto, foram analisadas no Instituto Adolfo Lutz de Ribeirão Preto, entre julho de 1997 a junho de 1998, 198 verduras coletadas de diferentes pontos comerciais do município. Foram encontrados oocistos de Cryptosporidium sp em duas hortaliças, uma rúcula e uma alface. Concluiu-se que o método parasitológico utilizado, concentração pelo formol-éter modificado com posterior coloração pelo método de Kinyoun, possa ser utilizado na detecção de oocistos de Cryptosporidium sp em hortaliças, contribuindo na avaliação das condições higiênico-sanitárias das mesmas.
Enriquecimento protéico de farelo de arroz desengordurado, com sangue bovino, utilizando a técnica de leito de jorro
Authors: Massaro André F. , Pinto Luiz Antonio de A.
Published: January 2024

O referido trabalho teve como objetivo promover o enriquecimento protéico do Farelo de Arroz Desengordurado (FAD), na forma de Pellets, pelo recobrimento e adsorção de sangue bovino, em leito de jorro, obtendo um produto final com teor protéico de 25%, destinado à ração animal. Foram utilizados como matéria-prima o FAD, e o sangue bovino. O processo de enriquecimento protéico foi desenvolvido em um leito de jorro cônico, com célula de vidro temperado, com 22 cm de diâmetro e capacidade para 860 g de farelo. Os experimentos foram realizados segundo uma matriz de planejamento experimental fatorial completo (23), sendo três fatores em dois níveis de variação, com ponto central: diluição – sangue/água (1/1, 1,5/1, 2/1), Vazão de alimentação de sangue (600, 700 e 800mL/h) e temperatura (70, 80 e 90ºC), tendo como resposta a proteína bruta e o rendimento em massa. Os melhores resultados para o produto foram: rendimento de 82,31%, e 23,81% de proteína, obtidos com diluição de 1/1, vazão de alimentação de 800 mL/h e temperatura de 70° C.
Busca ativa de teníase e de outras enteroparasitoses em manipuladores de alimentos no município de Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brasil
Authors: Capuano Divani M. , Okino Madalena H. T. , Bettini Maria José do C. B. , Takayanagui Osvaldo M. , Lazzarini Mônica P. T. , Castro e Silva Ana Alice M. C. , Ferreira Flávio L. F. , Takayanagui Ângela M. M.
Published: January 2024

As doenças veiculadas pelos alimentos representam sério problema de saúde pública. Em nosso meio, merece destaque o complexo teníase/cisticercose pelos elevados índices de morbidade e mortalidade. Este trabalho tem o objetivo de investigar a freqüência de teníase e outras enteroparasitoses nos manipuladores de alimentos de Ribeirão Preto, SP. No período de agosto de 1998 a julho de 1999, 341 indivíduos (182 mulheres e 159 homens), com idade entre 14 a 68 anos, foram submetidos ao exame coproparasitológico por ocasião da obtenção ou renovação da carteira de saúde. Foram examinadas 3 amostras de fezes de cada indivíduo pelos métodos de Hoffmann, Pons & Janer e de Kato. A pesquisa de oocistos de Cryptosporidium foi realizada em 47 (4,6%) amostras de fezes diarréicas. Cento e sete (31,3%) indivíduos evidenciaram  enteroparasitoses, incluindo um caso (0,3%) de teníase, e 42 (12,3 %) com poliparasitismo. Os portadores de enteroparasitoses receberam tratamento terapêutico específico pelo médico do trabalho. A implantação da  obrigatoriedade do exame coproparasitológico na emissão e renovação anual da carteira de saúde dos manipuladores de alimentos com o adequado tratamento parasiticida pode representar uma nova e importante estratégia de prevenção do complexo teníase/cisticercose e de outras enteroparasitoses em nosso meio.
Contaminantes microbiológicos em detergentes e seus congêneres
Authors: Bugno Adriana , Buzzo Adriana A. , Pereira Tatiana C. , Santa-Bárbara Maria Cristina
Published: January 2024

A finalidade do presente trabalho foi verificar a qualidade microbiológica de detergentes e seus congêneres destinados à limpeza, higienização ou alvejamento de objetos inanimados e/ou ambientes de uso comum ou coletivo, fornecendo subsídios para ações de Vigilância Sanitária. Foram analisadas 57 amostras, no período de dezembro de 2001 a abril de 2002, tendo sido observadas evidências de contaminação microbiológica em 42% dos produtos analisados, sendo que entre estes 38% corresponderam a detergentes para lavar louças, 29% a amaciantes de roupas e 25% a detergentes para limpeza geral. Os dados obtidos indicam a necessidade de um controle mais rígido quanto às BPF e C, para garantir a segurança de uso destes produtos.
Rezension von: Fritz, Gerhard, Geschichte der Sexualität
Authors: Königstein Rolf , Fritz Gerhard
Published: January 2024

Gerhard Fritz: Geschichte der Sexualität. Heidelberg: Ubstadt-Weiher 2016. 488 S., zahlr. Abb.
State-of-the-Art Review on Utilization of Fly Ash in Pavement Structures
Authors: Jazi Marwa , Gazder Uneb , Arifuzzaman Md , Abid Madiha
Published: January 2024

The use of fly ash in construction has been on the rise, yet its application in pavement construction remains relatively underexplored. This study addresses this gap by critically reviewing 70 years of research on fly ash usage in pavement engineering, offering valuable recommendations. Class 'C' fly ash is employed for soil stabilization, while class 'F' is used in concrete. In both flexible (asphalt) and rigid (concrete) pavements, fly ash primarily functions as a filler material. Fine ash, owing to its fineness, enhances asphalt concrete by reducing void ratios and water sensitivity, as well as easing subgrade compaction while increasing compressive strength. Incorporating fly ash into Hot Mix Asphalt (HMA) enhances resistance to cracking and oxidative ageing. Adding fly ash (up to 25%) significantly boosts soil failure stress and strain values by 106% and 50%, respectively, while a combination of 8% lime and 18% fly ash yields maximum shear strength. A modest amount of lime (1-2%) mixed with 10% fly ash achieves a maximum dry density of 1.98 gm/cm3 at an optimal water content of 12.62%. Additional testing by researchers corroborates and validates the findings of this literature review.
HAZard and OPerability Study Analysis as a Semi-Automatic Approach
Authors: Boutadjine Soufyane , korichi Mourad , sellami Ilyas
Published: January 2024

Risk analysis is crucial in industrial conception. HAZOP is the top risk analysis method for the oil and gas sector. This paper presents a semi-automatic method to address HAZOP's limitations and produce automatic results. The method uses a knowledge base, initially filled with gas liquefaction data, and is enhanced with subsequent case studies. An inference engine processes this data to conduct a HAZOP study. Propagation rules identify potential deviation paths, enabling risk analysis and consequence prediction based on the knowledge base. This method uniquely illustrates deviation paths and introduces nodes along these paths for further study. The findings derive from dynamic knowledge of each system in the knowledge base and can be reviewed and amended by experts.
Impact of tillage and nutrient management practices on rice crop yield and nutrient uptake in calciorthents of Bihar, India
Authors: Kumar Pittala Manoj , Roy Dhirendra Kumar , Singh Santosh Kumar , Kumar Mritunjay
Published: January 2024

The experiment entitled “Impact of different tillage and nutrient management strategies on productivity and profitability of direct seeded rice (Oryza sativa L.)” was conducted in an ongoing trial at the Agronomical Research Farm (plot no. 5) of Tirhut College of Agriculture, Dholi (RPCAU, Pusa) during Kharif 2019. The experiment was laid out in a ‘split-plot design’ with tillage practices under main plot treatments and nutrient management practices as subplot treatments. The results revealed that Zero tillage + Residue management and Zero tillage increased the grain and straw yield of direct seeded rice to the tune of 14.03 %; 9.27 % and 10.15 %; 6.1 % over Conventional tillage respectively. While SSNM based on Nutrient expert and 60 % RDN + GSGN + 100% PKof RDF increased grain and straw yield of direct seeded rice to the tune of 14.91 %; 7.73 %, and 12.07 %; 5.52 % over RDF, respectively. The significantly higher total NPK uptake by the crop was found in Zero tillage + Residue management among tillage practices and in SSNM based on Nutrient expert among nutrient management treatments however, both the tillage and nutrient management practices failed to have a significant influence on grain protein content whereas total crop micronutrient viz., Zn. Fe, Cu and Mn uptake was found maximum in Zero tillage + Residue management among tillage practices and were non-significant across nutrient management treatments.
Evaluation of the risk factors of hemodialysis procedure-associated cardiac arrhythmias in end stage renal disease Egyptian patients
Authors: Abdelraheem Nada , Tawfik Gamal A , Sliem Hamdy , Salem Ahmed Salah , Badr-Aldin Wallaa Youssef
Published: January 2024

Background: Hemodialysis patients carry a large burden of cardiovascular disease, accounting for up to 41% of deaths, of which half are ascribed to sudden cardiac death (SCD). The pathophysiology of SCD is thought to result from the combination of a vulnerable myocardium and an acute pro-arrhythmic trigger that leads to a terminal arrhythmia. Approximately two thirds of the cardiac deaths are consistently attributed to arrhythmias. Aim: The study aimed to improve the clinical status of hemodialysis (HD) patients through detection of HD procedure associated cardiac arrhythmias, prevention of its risk factors and related complications. Subjects and Methods: Observational study that included 60 maintenance HD patients to assess the prevalence of electrocardiographic changes before, during, and after HD in patients who are on maintenance HD in the out/inpatient departments of Suez Canal University.  Results: The study showed a high prevalence of electrocardiographic changes among the studied sample, representing 78.3%. Receiving HD for more than 5 years, glomerulonephritis (GN) being the primary cause of end stage renal disease (ESRD), intradialytic hypotension (IDH), and high pre-dialysis Na, K, and Po4 were all factors that were statistically significant associated with electrocardiographic changes.
Competências profissionais: estudo de caso com graduandos de ciências contábeis nas empresas juniores do nordeste
Authors: Barbosa João Pedro Gomes , Duarte Ana Maria da Paixão , Silva Roseane Patrícia de Araújo , Teixeira Vânia Vilma Nunes
Published: January 2024

O objetivo deste estudo foi compreender a percepção dos graduandos em Ciências Contábeis acerca das competências adquiridas pela participação nas atividades de Empresas Juniores – EJ (s) – federadas da região Nordeste brasileira. Foi adotada a estratégia de estudo de caso em uma abordagem qualitativa. Os dados empíricos foram provenientes de entrevista aplicada junto a 20 graduandos dentre as EJ (s) federadas da região nordeste brasileira. Adotou-se o método de análise das palavras sintetizadas em 10 (dez) nuvens de palavras realizado com o suporte do software IRaMuTeQ. Como resultado, obteve-se que a palavra projeto se repetiu em 60% das sínteses, referindo-se ao conhecimento tácito e prático; as palavras serviço, diretoria, cliente, gerente, gestão, mercado, trabalho, estágio estavam presentes em 70% das sínteses, referindo-se às competências cognitivas (competência técnica). As palavras aprender, liderança, participar, ajudar, comunicação estavam presentes em 80% das sínteses observadas, referindo-se às competências pessoais (competência social). Concluiu-se que os graduandos em Ciências Contábeis participantes de EJ (s) percebem que a atividade de extensão desenvolvida nas IES fomenta o seu desenvolvimento profissional, pessoal e educacional por meio da interação da teoria apresentada durante o curso (competência técnica) com a prática profissional realizada nas atividades e projetos de extensão (competência social), ambos importantes para o desenvolvimento da competência acadêmica e profissional.
Electronic waste, the national solid waste policy and the 2030 Agenda
Authors: And Bitencourt Emanoelen Bitencourt , And Gonçalves Silvane Gonçalves , Cabral Marcos Vinicius Afonso , Pereira Júnior Antônio , Morales Gundisalvo Piratoba
Published: January 2024

Electrical and electronic equipment is obsolescent and is therefore discarded incorrectly, causing significant adverse effects on the environment. Faced with this issue, the objectives of this work were the identification of the environmental and socioeconomic aspects related to electroelectronic waste, the way of managing this waste in Brazil, and whether or not it was in line with the goals set in the National Policy on Solid Waste (PNRS) and the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs – Agenda 2030). The methodology used was the bibliographic review, since in the data previously used in articles, theses, dissertations, books and electronic links, evidence was sought about the disposal and the problems that electronic waste causes to the environment. The data obtained and analyzed indicated that there is a divergence between the PNRS and the targets set in the SDGs. Finally, the gap identified with regard to electroelectronic waste has shown that the efficient management of this waste requires the participation of all actors involved, from producers, consumers, recyclers, to the public authorities, scientific institutions and civil society.
Contribuições do conhecimento de epistemologia da ciência no contexto escolar
Authors: Braunstein Guilherme Kunde , Pino José Cláudio Del
Published: January 2024

Um dos objetivos propostos pela Base Nacional Comum Curricular para os estudantes é a promoção de uma formação integral, a qual no caso das ciências naturais envolve também a alfabetização científica. Tendo em vista que o conhecimento sobre o modo como a ciência é construída colabora para a sua contextualização, o presente trabalho tem por objetivo discutir algumas das colaborações que a epistemologia tem a oferecer para o desenvolvimento de uma formação crítica nos ambientes escolares, para tal se promoverá o diálogo entre referências da epistemologia da ciência que serão articuladas com referenciais que se dedicam a explicar o próprio aprendizado. Por fim, se concluirá que uma melhor contextualização epistemológica tem muito a colaborar com uma proposta de formação integral.
Parenteral Nutrition-Associated Sepsis and Extravasation in Iraqi Neonates: Case-Series Prospective Study
Authors: Mohammed Dalya Abdul Kareem , Abdulridha Yasir Ibrahim , Alabbassi Mustafa Ghazi , Hussain Saad Abdulrahman
Published: January 2024

Background: Extravasation and sepsis are two of the many side effects linked to the use of intravascular devices during parenteral nutrition (PN). Objective: To assess the incidence of sepsis and extravasation in Iraqi neonates receiving PN in the critical care unit. Methods: From January 27, 2022, to January 15, 2023, a case-series prospective study was carried out in two tertiary neonatal intensive care units (NICUs) in Children Welfare Hospital and Baghdad Teaching Hospital, Baghdad, Iraq. The study reports the rate of sepsis and extravasations and correlates their occurrence to other neonatal features. Results: Of the 94 newborns examined, 24 patients (25.5%) experienced 35 instances of stage IV extravasation, and 34.04% of them experienced 40 episodes of sepsis in total. They have a strong and significant correlation with the newborns' body weight, treatment duration, gestational age, and postnatal age. Conclusions: The administration of PN to neonates in Iraq has been linked to severe side effects such as sepsis and extravasation.
Development and Characterization of Hyaluronic Acid-Incorporated Thermosensitive Nasal in situ Gel of Meclizine Hydrochloride
Authors: Obayes Kareem Khudhaier , Thomas Lena Murad
Published: January 2024

Background: Meclizine hydrochloride (MCZ) is an antihistamine that is used as an antiemetic to prevent and cure nausea and vomiting. Because of its limited water solubility and first-pass metabolism, it exhibits variable absorption. Objective: To formulate and evaluate MCZ as an intranasal in situ gel with increased residence time and permeability. Methods: We made an inclusion complex of MCZ using various cyclodextrins as a complexing agent to help the drug dissolve better. The complexes were studied, and the ones that were better at dissolving were chosen to be used in the creation of an in situ gel with poloxamer 407 (17–20% w/v) and hyaluronic acid (0.25–0.75% w/v). Prepared formulas were subjected to various evaluation tests, and the optimum formula was subjected to an ex vivo permeation study. Results: Hydroxypropyl-cyclodextrin (HP-CD) complexation increased the solubility of MCZ. A prepared complex (10 mg of MCZ) was used for nasal in situ gel preparation. Formula (F3) containing 17% poloxamer 407 and 0.75% hyaluronic acid exhibited favorable characteristics, including optimal gelation temperature (33.33°C), drug content (100.51%), gel strength (35.0 seconds), spreadability (4.2 cm), and 98.52% in vitro drug release over 5 hours in simulated nasal fluid (pH 6.8), and provided considerably high permeability. Conclusions: A mucoadhesive in situ gel formulation of MCZ (HP-β-CD) is a promising nasal formulation for the management of nausea and vomiting.
PEDAGOGICAL TECHNOLOGIES FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF
STUDENTS’ CRITICAL THINKING COMPONENTS
Authors: Zadoyan A.
Published: January 2024

The article presents the observation of private experience in the process of university education in the context of educational reforms and specifically shows the methods of stimulating and developing students’ critical thinking.Accordingly, we consider debates, group discussions and case studies used during seminars and practical exercises. The article reveals students independent thinking and the ability to transcendental reflection.Taking into account the fact that the main goal of continuous reforms of pedagogical education is to make radical changes in the process of formation of professional and personal qualities of the future teacher in accordance with modern requirements, we analyze the implementation of that process during university studies. The study was carried out on the basis of the analysis of the results of the seminar and practical exercises. The findings of the research, shows together with the formation of critical thinking, students develop group cooperation and interpersonal communication skills. The need for the mentioned qualities is explained by the fact that various difficulties arise during the professional activity of a pedagogue under modern conditions. Overcoming these difficulties is possible only through cooperative forms of work, group thinking, constructive communication, and identifying original solutions to problems.
Cultivation of Kanak kaich (Thyrsostachys oliveri), a rural livelihood and industrial Multipurpose bamboo in Tripura state of India
Authors: Banik Ratan
Published: January 2024

Kanak kaich (Thyrsostachys oliveri Gamble) is an important bamboo crop to the rural economy of Tripura state of India. As per local information the species has been introduced to the state less than a hundred years ago through human migration. A brief note on species vegetative and reproductive behavior has been described. The existing cultivation, management and utilization practices are discussed. The Financial Internal Rate of Return (FIRR) from a one hectare land cultivation of Kanak kaich bamboo is about 67 percent. So the cultivation of this bamboo is much profitable than a number of perennial crops. The present trend of trade of this bamboo to other parts of India and abroad were also highlighted.