bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A Collaborative Location Based Travel Recommendation System through Enhanced Rating Prediction for the Group of Users
Authors: Ravi Logesh , Vairavasundaram Subramaniyaswamy
Published: March 2016

Rapid growth of web and its applications has created a colossal importance for recommender systems. Being applied in various domains, recommender systems were designed to generate suggestions such as items or services based on user interests. Basically, recommender systems experience many issues which reflects dwindled effectiveness. Integrating powerful data management techniques to recommender systems can address such issues and the recommendations quality can be increased significantly. Recent research on recommender systems reveals an idea of utilizing social network data to enhance traditional recommender system with better prediction and improved accuracy. This paper expresses views on social network data based recommender systems by considering usage of various recommendation algorithms, functionalities of systems, different types of interfaces, filtering techniques, and artificial intelligence techniques. After examining the depths of objectives, methodologies, and data sources of the existing models, the paper helps anyone interested in the development of travel recommendation systems and facilitates future research direction. We have also proposed a location recommendation system based on social pertinent trust walker (SPTW) and compared the results with the existing baseline random walk models. Later, we have enhanced the SPTW model for group of users recommendations. The results obtained from the experiments have been presented.
Anesthesiological Management of a Patient with Williams Syndrome Undergoing Spine Surgery
Authors: Boncagni Federico , Pecora Luca , Durazzi Vasco , Ventrella Francesco
Published: March 2016

Williams Syndrome (WS) is a complex neurodevelopmental disorder associated with a mutation on chromosome 7. Patients with WS usually display dysmorphic facial and musculoskeletal features, congenital heart diseases, metabolic disturbances and cognitive impairment. Structural cardiovascular abnormalities are present in the majority of the children and may provide a substrate for perioperative Sudden Cardiac Death, as presented by several reports, something that creates a great challenge to the anesthetic conduct. We present the case of a 12-year old girl who required anesthetic care for surgical correction of an acquired kyphoscoliosis. Potential anesthesiological implications of WS are subsequently reviewed.
Analytical Strategies for the Determination of Arsenic in Rice
Authors: Costa Bruno E. S. , Coelho Luciana M. , Araújo Cleide S. T. , Rezende Helen C. , Coelho Nívia M. M.
Published: March 2016

Arsenic is an element of concern given its toxicological significance, even at low concentrations. Food is a potential route of exposure to inorganic arsenic and in this regard arsenic in rice is associated with soil contamination, fertilizer application, and the use of arsenic-containing irrigation water. Therefore, there is a need to investigate the regional rice crops with a view to future discussions on the need for possible regulatory measures. Several studies have reported high concentrations of arsenic in rice grown in soils irrigated with contaminated water; however, procedures used, including sample pretreatment and preconcentration steps, have to be followed to ensure sensitivity, accuracy, and reproducibility. Arsenic is a difficult element to measure in complex matrices, such as foods, because the matrix must be destroyed at an elevated temperature without the loss of the analyte or contamination. This review summarizes the major methods for the determination of arsenic in rice samples. The main purpose of this review is to provide an update on the recent literature concerning the strategies for the determination of arsenic and to critically discuss their advantages and weaknesses. These difficulties are described along with recent developments aimed at overcoming these potential issues.
Adherence to Antihypertensive Medications in Iranian Patients
Authors: Behnood-Rod Azin , Rabbanifar Omid , Pourzargar Pirouz , Rai Alireza , Saadat Zahra , Saadat Habibollah , Moharamzad Yashar , Morisky Donald E.
Published: March 2016

Introduction. Appropriate adherence to medication is still a challenging issue for hypertensive patients. We determined adherence to antihypertensive(s) and its associated factors among 280 Iranian patients.Methods. They were recruited consecutively from private and university health centers and pharmacies in four cities. The validated Persian version of the 8-item Morisky Medication Adherence Scale (MMAS-8) was administered to measure adherence.Results. Mean (±SD) overall MMAS-8 score was 5.75 (±1.88). About half of the sample (139 cases, 49.6%) showed low adherence (MMAS-8 score < 6). There was a negative linear association between the MMAS-8 score and systolic BP (r=-0.231,P<0.001) as well as diastolic BP (r=-0.280,P<0.001). In linear regression model, overweight/obesity (B=-0.52,P=0.02), previous history of admission to emergency services due to hypertensive crisis (B=-0.79,P=0.001), and getting medication directly from drugstore without refill prescription in hand (B=-0.51,P=0.04) were factors recognized to have statistically significant association with the MMAS-8 score.Conclusion. Antihypertensive adherence was unsatisfactory. We suggest that health care providers pay special attention and make use of the aforementioned findings in their routine visits of hypertensive patients to recognize those who are vulnerable to poor adherence.
Utilization of Iron Ore Tailings as Raw Material for Portland Cement Clinker Production
Authors: Luo Li , Zhang Yimin , Bao Shenxu , Chen Tiejun
Published: March 2016

The cement industry has for some time been seeking alternative raw material for the Portland cement clinker production. The aim of this research was to investigate the possibility of utilizing iron ore tailings (IOT) to replace clay as alumina-silicate raw material for the production of Portland cement clinker. For this purpose, two kinds of clinkers were prepared: one was prepared by IOT; the other was prepared by clay as a reference. The reactivity and burnability of raw meal, mineralogical composition and physical properties of clinker, and hydration characteristic of cement were studied by burnability analysis, differential thermal analysis, X-ray diffraction, and hydration analysis. The results showed that the raw meal containing IOT had higher reactivity and burnability than the raw meal containing clay, and the use of IOT did not affect the formation of characteristic mineralogical phases of Portland cement clinker. Furthermore, the physical and mechanical performance of two cement clinkers were similar. In addition, the use of IOT was found to improve the grindability of clinker and lower the hydration heat of Portland cement. These findings suggest that IOT can replace the clay as alumina-silicate raw material for the preparation of Portland cement clinker.
Peripapillary Retinoschisis in Glaucoma Patients
Authors: Bayraktar Serife , Cebeci Zafer , Kabaalioglu Melis , Ciloglu Serife , Kir Nur , Izgi Belgin
Published: March 2016

Purpose. To investigate peripapillary retinoschisis and its effect on retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) thickness measurements by using spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) in glaucomatous eyes.Methods. Circumpapillary RNFL (cpRNFL) B-scan images of 940 glaucoma patients (Group 1) and 801 glaucoma-suspect patients (Group 2) obtained by SD-OCT were reviewed. The structural and clinical characteristics of the retinoschisis were investigated. The RNFL thickness measurements taken at the time of retinoschisis diagnosis and at the follow-up visits were also compared.Results. Twenty-nine retinoschisis areas were found in 26 of the 940 glaucoma patients (3.1%) in Group 1 and seven areas were found in 801 patients (0.87%) in Group 2. In glaucomatous eyes, the retinoschisis was attached to the optic disc and overlapped with the RNFL defect. At the time of retinoschisis, the RNFL thickness was statistically greater in the inferior temporal quadrant when compared with the follow-up scans (p<0.001). No macular involvement or retinal detachment was observed.Conclusion. The present study investigated 33 peripapillary retinoschisis patients. Increase in RNFL thickness measurements was observed at the time of retinoschisis. It is important to examine the cpRNFL B-scan images of glaucoma patients so that the RNFL thickness is not overestimated.
Reliability of the Grading System for Voiding Cystourethrograms in the Management of Vesicoureteral Reflux: An Interrater Comparison
Authors: Çelebi Süleyman , Özaydın Seyithan , Baştaş Cemile Beşik , Kuzdan Özgür , Erdoğan Cankat , Yazıcı Mehmet , Caymaz İsmail , Sander Serdar
Published: March 2016

Aim. Vesicoureteral reflux (VUR) is one of the most common conditions seen in pediatric urology. Fortunately, there are many treatment options for this disorder. The grading system for VUR varies among doctors, and the literature on its reliability is sparse. Here, we assessed the effectiveness of the current VUR grading system.Methods. A series of 40 voiding cystourethrogram (VCUG) studies were selected. Four pediatric urologists (PU) and four pediatric radiologists (PR) independently graded each VCUG and then agreed on a uniform interpretation. For statistical analysis the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) was applied to assess interrater agreement.Results. ICC values ranging from 0.82 to 0.88 reflected the strong reliability of VCUG for grading cases of VUR among pediatric urologists and radiologists as separate groups, and the reliability between the two groups was also good, as indicated by an ICC of 0.89. Despite the high ICC, disagreement existed between raters; the lowest agreement was associated with middle grades (III and IV).Conclusions. The interrater reliability of the international grading system for VUR was high but imperfect. Thus, grading differences at middle grades can profoundly influence the type of treatment pursued.
Integration of a Thin Film PDMS-Based Capacitive Sensor for Tactile Sensing in an Electronic Skin
Authors: El-Molla Sara , Albrecht Andreas , Cagatay Engin , Mittendorfer Philipp , Cheng Gordon , Lugli Paolo , Salmerón José F. , Rivadeneyra Almudena
Published: March 2016

We present a capacitive force sensor based on a polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) film integrated into a printed circuit board (PCB) on a flexible substrate whose layout is defined by inkjet printing. The influence of the dielectric thickness on the sensor behavior is presented. The thinner PDMS film of about 45 μm shows a sensitivity of up to 3 pF/N but poorer dynamic response. The dielectrics with thicknesses above 200 μm show a significantly reduced sensitivity. The best compromise between sensitivity and dynamic response is found for PDMS film of about 100 μm, showing about 1.1 pF/N and less than 15 s of recovery time. This film is integrated into a flexible PCBS including a microcontroller capable of evaluating the sensor. Interconnects of the circuit are defined by silver nanoparticles deposited by inkjet printing. The working principle of the circuit is demonstrated, proving that this simple approach can be used for artificial skin applications.
Development of the Object-Oriented Dynamic Simulation Models Using Visual C++ Freeware
Authors: Kozynchenko Alexander I. , Kozynchenko Sergey A.
Published: March 2016

The paper mostly focuses on the methodological and programming aspects of developing a versatile desktop framework to provide the available basis for the high-performance simulation of dynamical models of different kinds and for diverse applications. So the paper gives some basic structure for creating a dynamical simulation model in C++ which is built on the Win32 platform with an interactive multiwindow interface and uses the lightweight Visual C++ Express as a free integrated development environment. The resultant simulation framework could be a more acceptable alternative to other solutions developed on the basis of commercial tools like Borland C++ or Visual C++ Professional, not to mention the domain specific languages and more specialized ready-made software such as Matlab, Simulink, and Modelica. This approach seems to be justified in the case of complex research object-oriented dynamical models having nonstandard structure, relationships, algorithms, and solvers, as it allows developing solutions of high flexibility. The essence of the model framework is shown using a case study of simulation of moving charged particles in the electrostatic field. The simulation model possesses the necessary visualization and control features such as an interactive input, real time graphical and text output, start, stop, and rate control.
Comparative Aspects of Spin-Dependent Interaction Potentials for Spin-1/2 and Spin-1 Matter Fields
Authors: Malta P. C. , Ospedal L. P. R. , Veiga K. , Helayël-Neto J. A.
Published: March 2016

This paper sets out to establish a comparative study between classes of spin- and velocity-dependent potentials for spin-1/2 and spin-1 matter currents/sources in the nonrelativistic regime. Both (neutral massive) scalar and vector particles are considered to mediate the interactions between (pseudo-)scalar sources or (pseudo-)vector currents. Though our discussion is more general, we contemplate specific cases in which our results may describe the electromagnetic interaction with a massive (Proca-type) photon exchanged between two spin-1/2 or two spin-1 carriers. We highlight the similarities and peculiarities of the potentials for the two different types of charged matter and also focus our attention on the comparison between the particular aspects of two different field representations for spin-1 matter particles. We believe that our results may contribute to a further discussion of the relation between charge, spin, and extensibility of elementary particles.
Antipsychotic Drugs Inhibit Platelet Aggregation via P2Y1and P2Y12Receptors
Authors: Wu Chang-Chieh , Tsai Fu-Ming , Chen Mao-Liang , Wu Semon , Lee Ming-Cheng , Tsai Tzung-Chieh , Wang Lu-Kai , Wang Chun-Hua
Published: March 2016

Antipsychotic drugs (APDs) used to treat clinical psychotic syndromes cause a variety of blood dyscrasias. APDs suppress the aggregation of platelets; however, the underlying mechanism remains unknown. We first analyzed platelet aggregation and clot formation in platelets treated with APDs, risperidone, clozapine, or haloperidol, using an aggregometer and rotational thromboelastometry (ROTEM). Our data indicated that platelet aggregation was inhibited, that clot formation time was increased, and that clot firmness was decreased in platelets pretreated with APDs. We also examined the role two major adenosine diphosphate (ADP) receptors, P2Y1and P2Y12, play in ADP-mediated platelet activation and APD-mediated suppression of platelet aggregation. Our results show that P2Y1receptor stimulation with ADP-induced calcium influx was inhibited by APDs in human and rats’ platelets, as assessed byin vitroorex vivoapproach, respectively. In contrast, APDs, risperidone and clozapine, alleviated P2Y12-mediated cAMP suppression, and the release of thromboxane A2 and arachidonic acid by activated platelets decreased after APD treatment in human and rats’ platelets. Our data demonstrate that each APD tested significantly suppressed platelet aggregation via different mechanisms.
Power Adaptive Data Encryption for Energy-Efficient and Secure Communication in Solar-Powered Wireless Sensor Networks
Authors: Kim Jong Min , Lee Hong Sub , Yi Junmin , Park Minho
Published: March 2016

Basic security of data transmission in battery-powered wireless sensor networks (WSNs) is typically achieved by symmetric-key encryption, which uses little energy; but solar-powered WSNs sometimes have sufficient energy to achieve a higher level of security through public-key encryption. However, if energy input and usage are not balanced, nodes may black out. By switching between symmetric-key and public-key encryption, based on an energy threshold, the level of security can be traded off against the urgency of energy-saving. This policy can also reduce the amount of energy used by some nodes in a WSN, since data encrypted using a public-key is simply relayed by intermediate nodes, whereas data encrypted using a symmetric-key must be decrypted and reencrypted in every node on its path. Through a simulation, we compared the use of either symmetric-key or public-key encryption alone with our scheme, which was shown to be more secure, to use energy more effectively, and to reduce the occurrence of node blackouts.
Vaccination of Adult Patients with Systemic Lupus Erythematosus in Portugal
Authors: Moraes-Fontes Maria Francisca , Antunes Ana Margarida , Gruner Heidi , Riso Nuno
Published: March 2016

In the wake of the Portuguese vaccination program 50th anniversary it seems appropriate to review vaccination in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus. Controversial issues as regards the association between autoimmune diseases, infections, and vaccines are discussed as well as vaccine safety and efficacy issues as regards chronic immunosuppressant (IS) drug therapy. After a brief overview of national policies, specific recommendations are made as regards vaccination for adult patients with SLE with a particular focus on current IS therapy and unmet needs.
Right Hydronephrosis as a Complication of Acute Appendicitis
Authors: Okur Selahattin Koray , Koca Yavuz Savaş , Yıldız İhsan , Barut İbrahim
Published: March 2016

Introduction. Acute appendicitis is the most common cause of acute abdomen, but atypical appendicitis may lead to delayed diagnosis and related complications. In this report, we present a very rare case of acute appendicitis causing right hydronephrosis.Case Report. A 54-year-old male patient who had been receiving antibiotic therapy due to the diagnosis of urinary tract infection for the last one week but had no clinical improvement was admitted to the emergency service. Abdominal computed tomography (CT) showed right hydronephrosis and a pelvic abscess. After appendectomy and abscess drainage had been performed, hydronephrosis was completely recovered.Discussion. The use of appendicitis scoring systems, abdominal ultrasonography (USG), abdominal CT, and diagnostic laparoscopy can be useful for the diagnostic process in patients presenting with acute abdomen. In our patient, we considered that the surgical treatment was delayed since the symptoms of acute appendicitis were suppressed by the antibiotic therapy that was being administered due to the complaints including symptoms of urinary tract infections.Conclusion. Atypical appendicitis may cause a delay in the diagnosis of acute appendicitis and thus may lead to serious complications such as right hydronephrosis, prolonged hospital stay, increased morbidity and mortality, and increased antibiotic resistance.
Synchronization of Neuronal Circuits with Ring Connection on PSpice
Authors: Yuan Lihua , Ren Guodong , Wang Chunni
Published: March 2016

The modes of electric activities in neurons and wave propagation between neurons can be changed by using appropriate external forcing or coupling type. Based on the PSpice tool, the coupling synchronization between three Hindmarsh-Rose neurons is investigated. The neuronal circuit is also designed, and the Schmitt trigger circuit is used as peak detector by transmitting the analog signal into digital signal; thus, the rhythm of electric activities of neurons can be analyzed. By selecting different initial states (spiking or bursting), different synchronization states are found. In the case of spiking state, appropriate coupling intensity is effective in realizing rhythm synchronization and then homogenous state is observed by further increasing the coupling intensity. In the case of bursting state, rhythm synchronization is enhanced under appropriate coupling intensity while desynchronization occurs by further increasing the coupling intensity.
Significant Modules and Biological Processes between Active Components of Salvia miltiorrhiza Depside Salt and Aspirin
Authors: Li Yuan , Xie Yanming , Wang Lianxin , Zhang Yingying , Gu Hao , Chai Yan
Published: March 2016

The aim of this study is to examine and compare the similarities and differences between active components of S. miltiorrhiza depside salt and aspirin using perspective of pharmacological molecular networks. Active components of S. miltiorrhiza depside salt and aspirin’s related genes were identified via the STITCH4.0 and GeneCards Database. A text search engine (Agilent Literature Search 2.71) and MCODE software were applied to construct network and divide modules, respectively. Finally, 32, 2, and 28 overlapping genes, modules, and pathways were identified between active components of S. miltiorrhiza depside salt and aspirin. A multidimensional framework of drug network showed that two networks reflected commonly in human aortic endothelial cells and atherosclerosis process. Aspirin plays a more important role in metabolism, such as the well‐known AA metabolism pathway and other lipid or carbohydrate metabolism pathways. S. miltiorrhiza depside salt still plays a regulatory role in type II diabetes mellitus, insulin resistance, and adipocytokine signaling pathway. Therefore, this study suggests that aspirin combined with S. miltiorrhiza depside salt may be more efficient in treatment of CHD patients, especially those with diabetes mellitus or hyperlipidemia. Further clinical trials to confirm this hypothesis are still needed.
Reducing the Social Gradient in Uptake of the NHS Colorectal Cancer Screening Programme Using a Narrative-Based Information Leaflet: A Cluster-Randomised Trial
Authors: McGregor Lesley M. , von Wagner Christian , Atkin Wendy , Kralj-Hans Ines , Halloran Stephen P. , Handley Graham , Logan Richard F. , Rainbow Sandra , Smith Steve , Snowball Julia , Thomas Mary C. , Smith Samuel G. , Vart Gemma , Howe Rosemary , Counsell Nicholas , Hackshaw Allan , Morris Stephen , Duffy Stephen W. , Raine Rosalind , Wardle Jane
Published: March 2016

Objective. To test the effectiveness of adding a narrative leaflet to the current information material delivered by the NHS English colorectal cancer (CRC) screening programme on reducing socioeconomic inequalities in uptake.Participants. 150,417 adults (59–74 years) routinely invited to complete the guaiac Faecal Occult Blood test (gFOBt) in March 2013.Design. A cluster randomised controlled trial (ISRCTN74121020) to compare uptake between two arms. The control arm received the standard NHS CRC screening information material (SI) and the intervention arm received the standard information plus a supplementary narrative leaflet, which had previously been shown to increase screening intentions (SI + N). Between group comparisons were made for uptake overall and across socioeconomic status (SES).Results. Uptake was 57.7% and did not differ significantly between the two trial arms (SI: 58.5%; SI + N: 56.7%; odds ratio = 0.93; 95% confidence interval: 0.81–1.06;p=0.27). There was no interaction between group and SES quintile (p=0.44).Conclusions. Adding a narrative leaflet to existing information materials does not reduce the SES gradient in uptake. Despite the benefits of using a pragmatic trial design, the need to add to, rather than replace, existing information may have limited the true value of an evidence-based intervention on behaviour.
Structural Theory and Classification of 2D Adinkras
Authors: Iga Kevin , Zhang Yan X.
Published: March 2016

Adinkras are combinatorial objects developed to study (1-dimensional) supersymmetry representations. Recently,2D Adinkrashave been developed to study2-dimensional supersymmetry. In this paper, we classify all2D Adinkras, confirming a conjecture of T. Hübsch. Along the way, we obtain other structural results, including a simple characterization of Hübsch’seven-split doubly even codes.
Effects of Intermittent Administration of Parathyroid Hormone (1‐34) on Bone Differentiation in Stromal Precursor Antigen‐1 Positive Human Periodontal Ligament Stem Cells
Authors: Wang Xiaoxiao , Wang Yanlan , Dai Xubin , Chen Tianyu , Yang Fanqiao , Dai Shuangye , Ou Qianmin , Wang Yan , Lin Xuefeng
Published: March 2016

Periodontitis is the most common cause of tooth loss and bone destruction in adults worldwide. Human periodontal ligament stem cells (hPDLSCs) may represent promising new therapeutic biomaterials for tissue engineering applications. Stromal precursor antigen‐1 (STRO‐1) has been shown to have roles in adherence, proliferation, and multipotency. Parathyroid hormone (PTH) has been shown to enhance proliferation in osteoblasts. Therefore, in this study, we aimed to compare the functions of STRO‐1(+) and STRO‐1(−) hPDLSCs and to investigate the effects of PTH on the osteogenic capacity of STRO‐1(+) hPDLSCs in order to evaluate their potential applications in the treatment of periodontitis. Our data showed that STRO‐1(+) hPDLSCs expressed higher levels of the PTH‐1 receptor (PTH1R) than STRO‐1(−) hPDLSCs. In addition, intermittent PTH treatment enhanced the expression of PTH1R and osteogenesis‐related genes in STRO‐1(+) hPDLSCs. PTH‐treated cells also exhibited increased alkaline phosphatase activity and mineralization ability. Therefore, STRO‐1(+) hPDLSCs represented a more promising cell resource for biomaterials and tissue engineering applications. Intermittent PTH treatment improved the capacity for STRO‐1(+) hPDLSCs to repair damaged tissue and ameliorate the symptoms of periodontitis.
A Sensor for the Determination of Lindane Using PANI/Zn, Fe(III) Oxides and Nylon 6,6/MWCNT/Zn, Fe(III) Oxides Nanofibers Modified Glassy Carbon Electrode
Authors: Fayemi Omolola E. , Adekunle Abolanle S. , Ebenso Eno E.
Published: March 2016

A simple reproducible and environmentally friendly PANI/Zn, Fe(III) and Nylon 6,6/MWCNT/Zn, Fe(III) oxides nanofibers modified glassy carbon electrode was prepared and used for the electrochemical reduction of lindane. The modified electrodes offer a high sensing current for lindane. The modified electrodes were highly stable with respect to time, so that the single electrode can be used for the multiple analysis of the lindane sample. Cyclic voltammetry and square wave voltammetry were used as the sensing techniques. The dynamic range for the lindane determination was between 9.9 × 10−12 mol/L and 5 × 10−6 mol/L with detection limits of 51 and 32 nM for Nylon 6,6/MWCNT/ZnO and Nylon 6,6/MWCNT/Fe3O4sensors, respectively. The LoD value reveals that the best electrode is Nylon 6,6/MWCNT/Fe3O4. The analytical utility of the proposed method was checked with drinking water samples.
Early Pulmonary Complications following Total Knee Arthroplasty under General Anesthesia: A Prospective Cohort Study Using CT Scan
Authors: Song Kai , Rong Zhen , Yang Xianfeng , Yao Yao , Shen Yeshuai , Shi Dongquan , Xu Zhihong , Chen Dongyang , Zheng Minghao , Jiang Qing
Published: March 2016

Purpose.Postoperative pulmonary complications (PPCs) are common after major surgeries. However, the number of studies regarding PPCs following total knee arthroplasty (TKA) is limited. The aim of this study was to determine the incidence of early PPCs following TKA by computed tomography (CT) scan and to identify associated risk factors.Methods.Patients, who were diagnosed with osteoarthritis or rheumatoid arthritis and underwent primary TKA at our institution, were included in this prospective cohort study. Patients received a standard procedure of TKA under general anesthesia. Chest CT scan was performed during 5–7 days postoperatively. Univariate analysis and multivariate logistic regression analysis were employed to identify the risk factors.Results.The total incidence of early PPCs following TKA was 45.9%. Rates of pneumonia, pleural effusion, and atelectasis were 14.4%, 38.7%, and 12.6%, respectively. Lower body mass index and perioperative blood transfusion were independent risk factors for PPCs as a whole and associated with atelectasis. Postoperative acute episode of hypoxemia increased the risk of pneumonia. Blood transfusion alone was related to pleural effusion.Conclusions.The incidence of early PPCs following TKA was high. For patients with relevant risk factors, positive measures should be adopted to prevent PPCs.
High-Throughput Analysis of Lidocaine in Pharmaceutical Formulation by Capillary Zone Electrophoresis Using Multiple Injections in a Single Run
Authors: Valese Andressa C. , Spudeit Daniel A. , Dolzan Maressa D. , Bretanha Lizandra C. , Vitali Luciano , Micke Gustavo A.
Published: March 2016

This paper reports the development of a subminute separation method by capillary zone electrophoresis in an uncoated capillary using multiple injection procedure for the determination of lidocaine in samples of pharmaceutical formulations. The separation was performed in less than a minute leading to doing four injections in a single run. The cathodic electroosmotic flow contributed to reducing the analyses time. The background electrolyte was composed of 20 mmol L−12-amino-2-(hydroxymethyl)-1,3-propanediol and 40 mmol L−12-(N-morpholino)ethanesulfonic acid at pH 6.1. The internal standard used was benzylamine. Separations were performed in a fused uncoated silica capillary (32 cm total length, 23.5 cm effective length, and 50 μm internal diameter) with direct UV detection at 200 nm. Samples and standards were injected hydrodynamically using 40 mbar/3 s interspersed with spacer electrolyte using 40 mbar/7 s. The electrophoretic system was operated under constant voltage of 30 kV with positive polarity on the injection side. The evaluation of some analytical parameters of the method showed good linearity(r2>0.999), a limit of detection 0.92 mg L−1, intermediate precision better than 3.2% (peak area), and recovery in the range of 92–102%.
Early Infantile Epileptic Encephalopathy in anSTXBP1Patient with Lactic Acidemia and Normal Mitochondrial Respiratory Chain Function
Authors: Li Dong , Bhoj Elizabeth , McCormick Elizabeth , Wang Fengxiang , Snyder James , Wang Tiancheng , Zhao Yan , Kim Cecilia , Chiavacci Rosetta , Tian Lifeng , Falk Marni J. , Hakonarson Hakon
Published: March 2016

A wide range of clinical findings have been associated with mutations in Syntaxin Binding Protein 1 (STXBP1), including multiple forms of epilepsy, nonsyndromic intellectual disability, and movement disorders.STXBP1mutations have recently been associated with mitochondrial pathology, although it remains unclear if this phenotype is a part of the core feature for this gene disorder. We report a 7-year-old boy who presented for diagnostic evaluation of intractable epilepsy, episodic ataxia, resting tremor, and speech regression following a period of apparently normal early development. Mild lactic acidemia was detected on one occasion at the time of an intercurrent illness. Due to the concern for mitochondrial disease, ophthalmologic evaluation was performed that revealed bilateral midperiphery pigmentary mottling. Optical coherence tomography (OCT) testing demonstrated a bilaterally thickened ganglion cell layer in the perifovea. Skeletal muscle biopsy analysis showed no mitochondrial abnormalities or respiratory chain dysfunction. Exome sequencing identified ade novoc.1651C>T (p.R551C) mutation inSTXBP1.Although mitochondrial dysfunction has been reported in some individuals, our proband had only mild lactic acidemia and no skeletal muscle tissue evidence of mitochondrial disease pathology. Thus, mitochondrial dysfunction is not an obligate feature ofSTXBP1disease.
Highly Dispersed Re-Doped CoAl2O4Nanopigments: Synthesis and Chromatic Properties
Authors: Tong Yuping , Zhang Hailong , Wang Shun , Chen Zheng , Bian Baixue
Published: March 2016

Nanosized spinelCoAl2-xRexO4complex oxides were prepared by self-propagation combustion method. The products have been characterized by XRD, SEM, and EDS. The results indicated that Al3+can be partly replaced by Re3+when the doped amount is less than 10%, which forms single solid solution. The NIR reflectance and chromatic properties of samples have also been investigated. The substitution of Re3+for Al3+in CoAl2O4can increase the blueness of pigments. SEM results revealed that the obtainedCoAl2-xRexO4pigments consisted of highly dispersed spherical-like nanoparticles with uniform size distribution. EDS results indicated that the distribution of element was considerably uniform with no chemical segregation phenomenon.
Ethnobotanical Study of Plants Used in the Management of HIV/AIDS‐Related Diseases in Livingstone, Southern Province, Zambia
Authors: Chinsembu Kazhila C.
Published: March 2016

Faced with critical shortages of staff, long queues, and stigma at public health facilities in Livingstone, Zambia, persons who suffer from HIV/AIDS‐related diseases use medicinal plants to manage skin infections, diarrhoea, sexually transmitted infections, tuberculosis, cough, malaria, and oral infections. In all, 94 medicinal plant species were used to manage HIV/AIDS‐related diseases. Most remedies are prepared from plants of various families such as Combretaceae, Euphorbiaceae, Fabaceae, and Lamiaceae. More than two‐thirds of the plants (mostly leaves and roots) are utilized to treat two or more diseases related to HIV infection. Eighteen plants, namely, Achyranthes aspera L., Lannea discolor (Sond.) Engl., Hyphaene petersiana Klotzsch ex Mart., Asparagus racemosus Willd., Capparis tomentosa Lam., Cleome hirta Oliv., Garcinia livingstonei T. Anderson, Euclea divinorum Hiern, Bridelia cathartica G. Bertol., Acacia nilotica Delile, Piliostigma thonningii (Schumach.) Milne‐Redh., Dichrostachys cinerea (L.) Wight and Arn., Abrus precatorius L., Hoslundia opposita Vahl., Clerodendrum capitatum (Willd.) Schumach., Ficus sycomorus L., Ximenia americana L., and Ziziphus mucronata Willd., were used to treat four or more disease conditions. About 31% of the plants in this study were administered as monotherapies. Multiuse medicinal plants may contain broad‐spectrum antimicrobial agents. However, since widely used plants easily succumb to the threats of overharvesting, they need special protocols and guidelines for their genetic conservation. There is still need to confirm the antimicrobial efficacies, pharmacological parameters, cytotoxicity, and active chemical ingredients of the discovered plants.
Integration of Data from Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks Using Model-Driven Collaborative Tools
Authors: Lacuesta Raquel , Gallardo Jesús , Lloret Jaime , Palacios Guillermo
Published: March 2016

Ubiquitous environments such as Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks need applications that allow them to integrate data and services to build knowledge that can be used to make decisions and to improve standards of living and user safety, among others. We have designed a collaborative virtual environment that covers the needs of integration of knowledge from different vehicles to endow the final user with the necessary information. This environment has been carried out following a model-driven approach that generates a groupware application for improving collaborative work and access to services. The implemented tool facilitates the development and implementation of collaborative frameworks in VANETs, where every vehicle acts as a node.
Spatial Variability and Distribution of the Metals in Surface Runoff in a Nonferrous Metal Mine
Authors: Ren Bozhi , Chen Yangbo , Zhu Guocheng , Wang Zhenghua , Zheng Xie
Published: March 2016

The spatial variation and distribution features of the metals tested in the surface runoff in Xikuangshan Bao Daxing miming area were analyzed by combining statistical methods with a geographic information system (GIS). The results showed that the maximum concentrations of those five kinds of the metals (Sb, Zn, Cu, Pb, and Cd) in the surface runoff of the antimony mining area were lower than the standard value except the concentration of metal Ni. Their concentrations were 497.1, 2.0, 1.8, 22.2, and 22.1 times larger than the standard value, respectively. This metal pollution was mainly concentrated in local areas, which were seriously polluted. The variation coefficient of Sb, Zn, Cu, Ni, Pb, and Cd was between 0.4 to 0.6, wherein the Sb’s spatial variability coefficient is 50.56%, indicating a strong variability. Variation coefficients of the rest of metals were less than 50%, suggesting a moderate variability. The spatial structure analysis showed that the squared correlation coefficient (R2) of the models fitting for Sb, Zn, Cu, Ni, Pb, and Cd was between 0.721 and 0.976; the ratio of the nugget value (C0) to the abutment value (C+C0) was between 0.0767 and 0.559; the semivariogram of Sb, Zn, Ni, and Pb was in agreement with a spherical model, while semivariogram of Cu and Cd was in agreement with Gaussian model, and both had a strong spatial correlation. The trend and spatial distribution indicated that those pollution distributions resulting from Ni, Pb, and Cd are similar, mainly concentrated in both ends of north and south in eastern part. The main reasons for the pollution were attributed to the residents living, transportation, and industrial activities; the Sb distribution was concentrated mainly in the central part, of which the pollution was assigned to the mining and the industrial activity; the pollution distributions of Zn and Cu were similar, mainly concentrated in both ends of north and south as well as in west; the sources of the metals were widely distributed.
Evaluation of Hepatoprotective Activity of Adansonia digitata Extract on Acetaminophen‐Induced Hepatotoxicity in Rats
Authors: Hanafy Abeer , Aldawsari Hibah M. , Badr Jihan M. , Ibrahim Amany K. , Abdel-Hady Seham El-Sayed
Published: March 2016

The methanol extract of the fruit pulp of Adansonia digitata L. (Malvaceae) was examined for its hepatoprotective activity against liver damage induced by acetaminophen in rats. The principle depends on the fact that administration of acetaminophen will be associated with development of oxidative stress. In addition, hepatospecific serum markers will be disturbed. Treatment of the rats with the methanol extract of the fruit pulp of Adansonia digitata L. prior to administration of acetaminophen significantly reduced the disturbance in liver function. Liver functions were measured by assessment of total protein, total bilirubin, ALP, ALT, and AST. Oxidative stress parameter and antioxidant markers were also evaluated. Moreover, histopathological evaluation was performed in order to assess liver case regarding inflammatory infiltration or necrosis. Animals were observed for any symptoms of toxicity after administration of extract of the fruit pulp of Adansonia digitata L. to ensure safety of the fruit extract.
Relation of Perceived Stigma to Adverse Events of Medications in Patients with Epilepsy
Authors: Viteva Ekaterina
Published: March 2016

Purpose. We aimed to assess the influence of adverse events (AEs) of antiepileptic drugs (AEDs) on perceived stigma of Bulgarian patients with epilepsy. Methods. Our study was based on questionnaires (Liverpool Adverse Events Profile (LAEP) and stigma scale), information from medical documentation, and an interview on clinical factors of 153 consecutive patients with epilepsy. Results. Perceived stigma was observed in 64.71% of the study participants. There was a significant association between perceived stigma and the total LAEP score (p<0.05, F=13.71). Patients who reported AEs had an increased risk of perceiving stigma compared to those who did not experience AEs. A significant correlation between perceived stigma and the presence of neurological and psychiatric AEs (p<0.001, r=+0.60) and a mild correlation between perceived stigma and the presence of nonneurological AEs (p<0.01, r=+0.20) were verified. In a multivariate regression analysis the only predictors of perceived stigma were AED polytherapy and the presence of neurological and psychiatric AEs. Conclusions. AEs of AEDs in patients with epilepsy significantly correlate with perceived stigma. Our study results will be useful in the campaign to overcome stigma predictors.
The Use of Genomics in Conservation Management of the Endangered Visayan Warty Pig (Sus cebifrons)
Authors: Nuijten Rascha J. M. , Bosse Mirte , Crooijmans Richard P. M. A. , Madsen Ole , Schaftenaar Willem , Ryder Oliver A. , Groenen Martien A. M. , Megens Hendrik-Jan
Published: March 2016

The list of threatened and endangered species is growing rapidly, due to various anthropogenic causes. Many endangered species are present in captivity and actively managed in breeding programs in which often little is known about the founder individuals. Recent developments in genetic research techniques have made it possible to sequence and study whole genomes. In this study we used the critically endangered Visayan warty pig (Sus cebifrons) as a case study to test the use of genomic information as a tool in conservation management. Two captive populations ofS. cebifronsexist, which originated from two different Philippine islands. We found some evidence for a recent split between the two island populations; however all individuals that were sequenced show a similar demographic history. Evidence for both past and recent inbreeding indicated that the founders were at least to some extent related. Together with this, the low level of nucleotide diversity compared to otherSusspecies potentially poses a threat to the viability of the captive populations. In conclusion, genomic techniques answered some important questions about this critically endangered mammal and can be a valuable toolset to inform future conservation management in other species as well.
Frequency and Significance of Abnormal Pancreatic Imaging in Patients with BRCA1 and BRCA2 Genetic Mutations
Authors: Chahla Elie , Cheesman Antonio , Mahon Suzanne M. , Garrett Robert W. , Bradenham Ben P. , Schwartz Theresa L. , Omran Louay , Taylor Jason R. , Alkaade Samer
Published: March 2016

Objective.Pancreatic adenocarcinoma is typically diagnosed in advanced stages resulting in a significant reduction in the number of patients who are candidates for surgical resection. Although the majority of cases are believed to occur sporadically, about 10% show familial clustering and studies have identified an increased frequency of BRCA germline mutations. The role of screening for pancreatic adenocarcinoma in these populations is unclear. Our study aims to identify the abnormal pancreatic imaging findings in BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutation carriers.Methods.A retrospective review of patient medical records with known BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutations was conducted. Data was collected and all available abdominal imaging studies were reviewed.Results.A total of 66 patients were identified, 36 with BRCA1 and 30 with BRCA2 mutations. Only 20/66 (30%) had abdominal imaging (14 BRCA1 and 6 BRCA2 patients). Of those patients with abdominal imaging, abnormal pancreatic imaging findings were detected in 7/20 (35%) cases.Conclusion.Our study shows a high incidence of abnormal pancreatic imaging findings in patients with BRCA genetic mutations (35%). Larger studies are needed to further define the role of pancreatic cancer screening and the significance of abnormal imaging findings in BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutation carriers.
Organic Solvent’s Effect in the Deposition of Platinum Particles on MWCNTs for Oxygen Reduction Reaction
Authors: Silva-Carrillo Carolina , Reynoso-Soto Edgar Alonso , Félix-Navarro Rosa María , Lin-Ho Shu Wai , Díaz-Rivera Aline , Paraguay-Delgado Francisco , Chávez-Carvayar José Álvaro , Alonso-Núñez Gabriel
Published: March 2016

We reported the synthesis of platinum particles anchored on the surface of multiwall carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs). The synthesis of platinum particles was carried out by microemulsion method using hexadecyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) as surfactant to enhance the dispersion of platinum particles in hexane (C6), heptane (C7), and octane (C8) solutions. The effects of the microemulsion dispersion medium on the synthesis of platinum particles on MWCNTs (MWCNT/Pt) hybrid materials and their catalytic activities of the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) in HClO4were investigated. The anchored platinum particles showed good dispersion on carbon nanotubes surface with the average particle sizes of2.65±0.60,2.89±0.68, and0.97±0.29 nm for the dispersion medium of C6, C7, and C8, respectively. The experimental results of ORR experiments indicated a relationship between the size and the dispersion media of the platinum particles; also the catalytic activity of the anchored platinum on MWCNT particles strongly depends on the dispersion medium employed in the microemulsion process.
Multitask Learning-Based Security Event Forecast Methods for Wireless Sensor Networks
Authors: He Hui , Zhang Dongyan , Wang Xing , Liu Min , Zhang Weizhe , Guo Junxi
Published: March 2016

Wireless sensor networks have strong dynamics and uncertainty, including network topological changes, node disappearance or addition, and facing various threats. First, to strengthen the detection adaptability of wireless sensor networks to various security attacks, a region similarity multitask-based security event forecast method for wireless sensor networks is proposed. This method performs topology partitioning on a large-scale sensor network and calculates the similarity degree among regional subnetworks. The trend of unknown network security events can be predicted through multitask learning of the occurrence and transmission characteristics of known network security events. Second, in case of lacking regional data, the quantitative trend of unknown regional network security events can be calculated. This study introduces a sensor network security event forecast method named Prediction Network Security Incomplete Unmarked Data (PNSIUD) method to forecast missing attack data in the target region according to the known partial data in similar regions. Experimental results indicate that for an unknown security event forecast the forecast accuracy and effects of the similarity forecast algorithm are better than those of single-task learning method. At the same time, the forecast accuracy of the PNSIUD method is better than that of the traditional support vector machine method.
Evaluation of a Semiempirical, Zero-Dimensional, Multizone Model to Predict Nitric Oxide Emissions in DI Diesel Engines’ Combustion Chamber
Authors: Savva Nicholas S. , Hountalas Dimitrios T.
Published: March 2016

In the present study, a semiempirical, zero-dimensional multizone model, developed by the authors, is implemented on two automotive diesel engines, a heavy-duty truck engine and a light-duty passenger car engine with pilot fuel injection, for various operating conditions including variation of power/speed, EGR rate, fuel injection timing, fuel injection pressure, and boost pressure, to verify its capability for Nitric Oxide (NO) emission prediction. The model utilizes cylinder’s basic geometry and engine operating data and measured cylinder pressure to estimate the apparent combustion rate which is then discretized into burning zones according to the calculation step used. The requisite unburnt charge for the combustion in the zones is calculated using the zone equivalence ratio provided from a new empirical formula involving parameters derived from the processing of the measured cylinder pressure and typical engine operating parameters. For the calculation of NO formation, the extended Zeldovich mechanism is used. From this approach, the model is able to provide the evolution of NO formation inside each burned zone and, cumulatively, the cylinder’s NO formation history. As proven from the investigation conducted herein, the proposed model adequately predicts NO emissions and NO trends when the engine settings vary, with low computational cost. These encourage its use for engine control optimization regarding NOxabatement and real-time/model-based NOxcontrol applications.