bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Affair of the Heart
Authors: Billington Michael
Published: November 2021

"The best theatrical read of the year." – British Theatre Guide

A book of selected theatre reviews from 1992 to 2020 from one of the foremost authorities on British theatre.

Each chapter starts with a brief commentary on the developments of that era and the social, political and cultural context within which British theatre was being produced. Key obituaries and letters in response to reviews written are also included, providing a rich collection of curated archival material.

Following on from his first collection, One Night Stands, Michael Billington’s chronicle offers a rich, authoritative insight into British theatre over the last 3 decades from his unique professional perspective. It begins with Tony Kushner’s UK premiere of Angels in America at the National Theatre in 1992 and culminates with Inua Ellams’s celebrated adaptation of Chekhov’s Three Sisters at the same venue almost 30 years later. En route, we’re exposed to the fallibility of theatre criticism through his much-regretted original criticism of Sarah Kane’s Blasted and its role in identifying major talents at the first opportunity.

Having recently retired from his 48-year position as the Guardian newspaper’s drama critic during which time he wrote around 10,000 theatre reviews, Michael Billiington was Britain’s longest-serving theatre critic. Through his work, he was present at an eye-watering number of premieres during this time and witnessed first-hand the exciting developments in British theatre over the past 30 years and the substantial pressures it faced - never more so than today.
Confucius’ Courtyard
Authors: Ruan Xing
Published: November 2021

For more than three thousand years, Chinese life – from the city and the imperial palace, to the temple, the market and the family home – was configured around the courtyard. So too were the accomplishments of China’s artistic, philosophical and institutional classes. Confucius’ Courtyard tells the story of how the courtyard – that most singular and persistent architectural form – holds the key to understanding, even today, much of Chinese society and culture.

Part architectural history, and part introduction to the cultural and philosophical history of China, the book explores the Chinese view of the world, and reveals the extent to which this is inextricably intertwined with the ancient concept of the courtyard, a place and a way of life which, it appears, has been almost entirely overlooked in China since the middle of the 20th century, and in the West for centuries. Along the way, it provides an accessible introduction to the Confucian idea of zhongyong (‘the Middle Way’), the Chinese moral universe and the virtuous good life in the absence of an awesome God, and shows how these can only be fully understood through the humble courtyard – a space which is grounded in the earth, yet open to the heavens.

Erudite, elegant and illustrated throughout by the author’s own architectural drawings and sketches, Confucius’ Courtyard weaves together architecture, philosophy and cultural history to explore what lies at the very heart of Chinese civilization.
Images of War in Contemporary Art
Authors: Čvoro Uroš , Messham-Muir Kit
Published: November 2021

In Images of War in Contemporary Art, Uroš Cvoro and Kit Messham-Muir mount a challenge to the dominance of theoretical tropes of trauma, affect, and emotion that have determined how we think of images of war and terror for the last 20 years. Through analyses of visual culture from contemporary “war art” to the meme wars, they argue that the art that most effectively challenges the ethics and aesthetics of war and terror today is that which disrupts this flow–art that makes alternative perceptions of wartime both visible and possible.

As a theoretical work, Images of War in Contemporary Art is richly supported by visual and textual evidence and firmly embedded in current artistic practice. Significantly, though, the book breaks with both traditional and current ways of thinking about war art–offering a radical rethinking of the politics and aesthetics of art today through analyses of a diverse scope of contemporary art that includes Ben Quilty, Abdul Abdullah (Australia), Mladen Miljanovic, Nebojša Šeric Šoba (Bosnia and Herzegovina), Hiwa K, Wafaa Bilal (Iraq), Teresa Margolles (Mexico), and Arthur Jafa (United States).
Satyajit Ray: The Inner Eye
Authors: Robinson Andrew
Published: November 2021

Akira Kurosawa said of the great director: ‘Not to have seen the cinema of Ray means existing in the world without seeing the sun or the moon.’ Martin Scorsese remarked on Ray’s birth centenary in 2021: ‘The films of Satyajit Ray are truly treasures of cinema, and everyone with an interest in film needs to see them.’

Satyajit Ray: The Inner Eye is the definitive biography, based on extensive interviews with Ray himself, his actors and collaborators, and a deep knowledge of Bengali culture. Andrew Robinson provides an in-depth critical account of each film in an astonishingly versatile career, from Ray’s directorial debut Pather Panchali (1955) to his final feature Agantuk (1991). The third (centenary) edition includes new material: an epilogue, ‘A century of Ray’, about the nature of his genius; a wide-ranging conversation with Ray drawn from the author’s interviews; and an updated comprehensive bibliography of Ray’s writings.
The Machine Anxieties of Steampunk
Authors: Albrecht Kathe Hicks
Published: November 2021

What is steampunk and why are people across the globe eagerly embracing its neo-Victorian aesthetic? Old-fashioned eye goggles, lace corsets, leather vests, brass gears and gadgets, mechanical clocks, the look appears across popular culture, in movies, art, fashion, and literature. But steampunk is both an aesthetic program and a way-of-life and its underlying philosophy is the key to its broad appeal.

Steampunk champions a new autonomy for the individual caught up in today’s technology-driven world. It expresses optimism for the future but it also delivers a note of caution about our human role in light of the ubiquitous machine. Thus, despite adopting an aesthetic and lifestyle straight out of the Victorian scientific romance, steampunk addresses significant twenty-first century concerns about what lies ahead for humankind. The movement recovers autonomy from prevailing trends even as it challenges us to ask what it is to be human today.
The Cinema of Discomfort
Authors: King Geoff
Published: November 2021

How do we understand types of cinema that offer experiences of discomfort, awkwardness or disquieting uncertainty? This book examines a number of examples of such work at the heart of contemporary art and indie film. While the commercial mainstream tends to offer comforting viewing experiences – or moments of discomfort that exist largely to be overcome – The Cinema of Discomfort analyses films in which discomfort is offered in a sustained manner. Cinema of this kind confronts us with material such as distinctly uncomfortable sexual encounters. It invites us into uncertain relationships with awkward and sometimes unlikable characters. It presents us with challenging behaviour or what are presented as uncomfortable realities. It often refuses information on which to base judgments. More discomfortingly, cinema of this kind tends to provoke uncertainty at the level of what emotional responses we are encouraged to have towards difficult, sometimes controversial, characters or events.

The Cinema of Discomfort examines a number of case-studies, including Palindromes by Todd Solondz (US) and Dogtooth from Yorgos Lanthimos (Greece), along with other examples from Austria, Sweden, the UK, the US and Germany. Offering close textual analysis of the manner in which discomfort is generated, it also asks how we should understand the appeal of such work to certain viewers and how the existence of films of this kind can be explained, as products of both their socio-cultural context and the more particular institutional realms of art and indie film.
Romanian Cinema
Authors: Pop Doru
Published: November 2021

This volume explores the philosophical and metaphysical manifestations of contemporary cinema. Starting with the hypothesis that movies provide an experience that is both a pathway into the thinking mechanisms of modern humans and into our collective psyche, this study focuses on the elements that form the “Romanian cinematic mind” as part of the European cinema-thinking.

While this book is based on specific case studies provided by recent productions in Romanian filmmaking, such as Proroca (2017) and Touch me Not (2018), it also contextualises the national cinema within the larger, European art of making movies. Offering close interpretations of the works of world-renowned directors like Cristi Puiu, Cristian Mungiu, Corneliu Porumboiu or more recently Adina Pintilie and Constantin Popescu, this book questions the “Romanianess” of their cinematic techniques, and places their philosophical roots both in a particular mode of thinking and within continental philosophy.
John Prine's John Prine
Authors: Osmon Erin
Published: November 2021

He is known as the Mark Twain of American songwriting, a man who transformed the everyday happenings of regular people into plainly profound statements on war, industrialization, religion, and the human condition. Marking the 50th anniversary of the album’s release, John Prine chronicles the legendary singer-songwriter’s Middle American provenance, and his remarkable ascent from singing mailman to celebrated son of Chicago.“Illegal Smile,” “Hello in There,” “Sam Stone,” “Paradise,” “Your Flag Decal Won’t Get You Into Heaven Anymore,” “Far from Me,” “Donald and Lydia,” and “Angel from Montgomery” are considered standards in the American Songbook, covered by legions of Prine’s peers and admirers. Through original interviews, exhaustive research, and incisive commentary, author Erin Osmon paints an in-depth portrait of the people, places, and experiences that inspired Prine’s landmark debut.

After exploring his roots in rural Western Kentucky and suburban Maywood, Illinois, the book takes readers on an evocative journey through John Prine’s Chicago. Its neighborhoods, characters, and clubs of the 1960s and 70s proved a formative and magical period in Prine’s life, before he was a figurehead of the new Nashville scene. It’s both a journalistic inquiry and a love letter: to Prine’s self-titled debut and the Midwestern city that made him.
Arte, pesquisa e universidade
Authors: Martins Raimundo
Published: November 2021

Este artigo analisa paradigmas e paradoxos do conhecimento e da arte pondoem perspectiva conflitos epistemológicos e contradições que delinearam uma trajetóriahistórica e estética, gerando oscilações e alternâncias acerca das concepções de mentee corpo como ‘locus’ de percepção, conhecimento e expressão. Examina as relações dedescontinuidade e fragmentação entre graduação e pós-graduação, enfatizando a pesquisacomo vital à uma formação que integre temas/questões empíricos, teóricos, práticose metodológicos. Propõe uma epistemologia da arte que contemple modalidadesde conhecimento ‘não-proposicional’ e ‘proposicional’, abrangendo diferentes formas deexperiência e aprendizado cultural e artístico.Palavras-chave: arte, pesquisa, universidade, pós-graduação, graduação.
Ser ou não ser: a invenção do artista na gravura popular
Authors: Ramos Everardo
Published: November 2021

No Brasil, a história da gravura popular pode ser dividida em dois grandes períodos.No primeiro, em que ela serve de ilustração a periódicos e folhetos de cordel, poucaou nenhuma importância é dada aos gravadores, que vivem como simples artesãos àsmargens do reconhecimento oficial. Na segunda, exposições, publicações e vendas levama gravura a museus, coleções e galerias, no Brasil e no exterior, tornando-a umacategoria reconhecida da arte, e alçando seus autores ao estatuto de artista. O presentetrabalho analisa esse processo, investigando permanências e transformações ocorridasno processo de “invenção” do artista na gravura popular brasileira.Palavras-chave: Arte popular, gravura popular, artista popular, arte brasileira.
Caspar David Friedrich e Edward Hopper: a melancolia na relação entre homem e natureza
Authors: Fonseca Raphael
Published: November 2021

O presente texto visa fazer uma aproximação entre as poéticas dos pintores CasparDavid Friedrich e Edward Hopper, pelo viés da temática da melancolia dada narelação entre homem e natureza. Para tal, se fez necessário a comparação iconográfica ecultural entre algumas de suas obras, tendo em vista seus diferentes contextos histórico--artísticos e depoimentos.Palavras-chave: Friedrich, Caspar David (1774-1840); Hopper, Edward (1882-1967);melancolia; paisagem.
Assessing the impact of environmental cost on the capital investment decision-making of the Electricity Supply Commission, South Africa
Authors:   , Oyewo Toyese Titus
Published: November 2021

The availability of energy (electricity) is a key factor in economic growth and the sustainability of production processes. The need to quantitatively measure the environmental risk and hazard associated with energy sources for the environment is useful in evaluating capital investment for decision-making. Coal (fossil fuel) is the main source of energy in South Africa, based on its availability and cost-effectiveness. Specifically, quantitative research using mathematical marginal social cost modelling to evaluate the environmental cost of emissions emanating from the Electricity Supply Commission’s (ESKOM) coal power stations is employed. It was discovered that the price of electricity has trebled over the lifespan of coal power plants. Therefore, the need to construct coal power plants with optimum levels of production was highlighted. The net present value (NPV) technique was used to evaluate ESKOM's capital investment and the marginal social cost mathematical model was developed for measuring and quantifying the emission costs associated with the lifespan of the coal power plants. Results revealed that the optimum level production of 2,150,000 Gigawatts per annum within the range of the present capacity of ESKOM of 2,292,000 gigawatts annually is required and profitable to ESKOM. The net present value yielded a positive value of R1, 448,713,000,000-00 over a period of 30 years of coal power plants’ life-span. However, various technologies used to minimize emissions were also considered and investigated to confirm the feasibility and profitability of investment in coal- powered stations using environmental management accounting and marginal social cost approaches.
THE FUNCTIONAL PROPERTIES OF NEUTROPHILS IN PATIENTS WITH RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS
Authors: Zhelezko V. V. , Novikova I. A.
Published: November 2021

The article presents the results of the assessment of functional features of neutrophils in 34 patients with rheumatoid arthritis. The study revealed a decrease in absorbing and oxygen producing activity associated with the increased formation of neutrophil extracellular traps (NET) and the dependence of parameters of NET forming activity of white blood cells on the rheumatoid factor, as well as the dependence of spontaneous oxygen producing activity on the functional class and the disease development.
THE STATE OF SPERMATOGENESIS AND ENDOCRINE APPARATUS OF RAT TESTICLES IN ACCUTE IMMOBILIZATION STRESS
Authors: Solodova E. K. , Kidun K. A. , Ugolnik T. S.
Published: November 2021

The experiment carried out on outbred male rats has showed that one-time 3-hour immobilization stress breaks the spermatogenesis process in testicles of rats but does not change the relative number of Leydig cells. It was found out that the one-time immobilization stress leads to disorders of the main morphofunctional types of Leydig cells - the number of inactive Leydig cells increases due to the reduction of active forms of steroid-secreting cells.
CHRONIC ENDOMETRITIS AS A СAUSE OF DISORDERS OF THE FEMALE REPRODUCTIVE FUNCTION
Authors: Lyzikova Yu. A.
Published: November 2021

The review deals with the main role of chronic endometritis in the genesis of disorders of the female reproductive function and reveals the etiologic risk factors for the development and starting mechanism of chronic inflammatory processes in the endometrium, features of the pathogenesis and clinical picture of chronic endometritis. The work shows the importance of diagnosis of chronic endometritis with immunohistochemical method, reasonability of immunohistochemical research for the assessment of receptor expression and expressiveness of local immunity in the endometrium, the necessity of detection of fertility alpha-2-microglobulin (AMGF) protein for prediction of reproductive disorders.
CONGENITAL EPIDERMOLYSIS
Authors: Rumyantseva O. A. , Zaryankina A. I. , Krivitskaya L. V. , Bubnevich T. E. , Maloletnikova I. M.
Published: November 2021

Еpidermolysis bullosa is one of the most severe hereditary dermatoses. Peculiarities and complexity of the pathology are associated not only with the physical discomfort of patients and the severity of the disease, which often causes disability, but also with the development of specific phenotypic manifestations leading to reduced quality of life and worsening of social and psychological adaptation. By now no ethiopathogenetic treatment methods to cure hereditary epidermolysis bullosa have been found. All available methods of treatment are symptomatic and are mainly aimed at patient care.
DYSTROPHIC CHANGES OF THE SACROTUBEROUS LIGAMENT: HISTOLOGIC AND SONOGRAPHIC COMPARISON (IN VITRO)
Authors: Yurkovskiy A. M. , Anikeyev O. I. , Achinovich S. L.
Published: November 2021

Objective: to determine the prospects of ultrasound imaging in the assessment of expressiveness of dystrophic changes of the sacrotuberous ligament. Material. Sacrotuberous ligaments from 23 corpses (the age of the dead was 29-76): 13 men (the average age was 69.2 ± 5.8) and 10 women (the average age was 57.8 ± 11.9). Results. The criteria making it possible to assess mild, moderate, and expressed dystrophic changes have been picked out. Conclusion. We have drawn the conclusion that it is possible not only to detect injuries of the sacrotuberous ligament, but also to give a more detailed assessment of the expressiveness of changes revealed in ultrasound imaging.
THE PROBLEMS OF THERAPY OF nosocomial enterococcal infection (literature review)
Authors: Palkovsky O. L. , Alexeyeva L. A. , Shimanov I. S.
Published: November 2021

The microorganisms Enterococcus faecalis and Enterococcus faecium are a common cause of nosocomial infections, particularly in intensive care units. The problem of treatment for such infections lies in antimicrobial resistance. The present article deals with the problems of epidemiology and rational antimicrobial therapy of enterococcal infections.
THE EXPERIMENTAL SUBSTANTIATION OF THE METHOD OF DENTAL IMPLANTATION USING LOW-INTENSITY PULSED ULTRASOUND IN PATIENTS WITH PARTIAL SECONDARY ADENTIA
Authors: Rubnikovich S. P. , Khomich I. S. , Vladimirskaya T. E.
Published: November 2021

The work presents the experimental study of the method of dental implantation using low-intensity pulsed ultrasound in animals. The nature of morphological changes in the peri-implant bone tissue after the contact exposure of low intensity pulsed ultrasound to the implant and the peri-implant tissue has been studied. The obtained results are indicative of the efficiency of the method of dental implantation using the combined effect of low-intensity pulsed ultrasound.
MUCOVISCIDOSIS IN CHLDREN
Authors: Ivkina S. S. , Krivitskaya L. V. , Latoho T. A. , Hmylko L. A. , Zimelihina I. F.
Published: November 2021

The work is dedicated to the topical questions of one of the most prevalent children`s inherited diseases - mucoviscidosis. It gives data on the mucoviscidosis incidence rate in Belarus, diagnostic criteria, pathophysiological and therapeutic aspects, and treatment. The paper covers current trends in replacement enzyme therapy, management of bronchopulmonary disorders, gives a clinical case.
THE ASSESSMENT OF THE PROGNOSTIC SIGNIFICANCE OF THE LEVEL OF MATRIX METALLOPROTEINASE-2 EXPRESSION IN COLON CANCER
Authors: Shtabinskaya T. T. , Bodnar M. . , Lyalikov S. A. , Basinskiy V. A. , Marshalek A. .
Published: November 2021

The leading factors triggering neoangiogenesis include matrix metalloproteinases. Objective: to assess the prognostic significance of the level of MMP-2 expression in colon cancer. Material and methods. The clinical and morphological analysis of 72 cases of colorectal cancer resected over 2001-2011. Immunohistochemical studies using mouse monoclonal antibodies to MMP-2 were performed in the laboratory of Collegium Medicum Bydgoszcz. Results. The research showed a relation between the level of matrix metalloproteinase-2 expression in colon cancer to the age of the patients, level of differentiation, invasion and metastasis of cancer, and survival of patients. However, the data suggest there is no direct relation between an increase in the marker expression and tumor progression.
BIOMARKERS OF THE BLOOD AND CEREBROSPINAL FLUID IN THE DIAGNOSIS AND PROGNOSIS OF NON-TRAUMATIC INTRACEREBRAL HEMORRHAGE
Authors: Timenova S. V.
Published: November 2021

The article presents the most prospective biomarkers of intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) of the blood and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and describes their potential role in the diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis of non-traumatic ICH.
THE APPLICATION OF PARAVERTEBRAL BLOCKADE DURING PALLIATIVE MASTECTOMY
Authors: Yaskevich V. V.
Published: November 2021

The work describes a clinical case of performing palliative mastectomy for the medical purpose in a patient (ASA class III) using paravertebral blockade with intravenous sedation as anesthetic management. The application of paravertebral blockade helped to ensure safe anesthetic management for palliative mastectomy of the breast. The hemodynamic stability due to the blockade and the lack of any necessity for additional administration of any analgesics during surgery should also be noted.
PROPEDEUTICS ASPECTS OF UNDERSTANDING OF ATRIOVENTRICULAR CONDUCTION AND ITS ELECTROCARDIOGRAPHIC REFLECTION
Authors: Druyan L. I. , Kalinin A. L. , Krivelevich N. B.
Published: November 2021

The work offers two variants of explanation and understanding of atrioventricular conduction while teaching students how to interpret electrocardiography and considers the electrocardiographic reflection of the transmission of the excitation impulse throughout the cardiac conduction system and the myocardium.
THE ACTIVITY OF TRANSMEMBRANE OXYGEN TRANSPORT AND PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL PROPERTIES OF ERYTHROCYTE MEMBRANES IN PATIENTS WITH DIABETIC FOOT
Authors: Stychnevsky G. A. , Osochuk A. S.
Published: November 2021

The problem of the pathogenesis of diabetic foot being a complication of diabetes mellitus has been very topical up to now. The supply of oxygen to tissues is one of the key issues of the pathogenesis of diabetic foot. The aim of the work was to study the physical and chemical properties of erythrocyte membranes and activity of oxygen transfer in patients with diabetic foot. It has been found that the activity of oxygen release from erythrocytes is the most significant among the studied parameters in detection of patients with diabetic foot and healthy people. Patients with diabetic foot are divided into two groups in terms of physical and chemical properties of erythrocyte membranes and the activity of oxygen release. The first group of patients with diabetic foot is different from healthy people by the activity of oxygen release and micropolarity, microviscosity of annular lipid pool. The second group of patients with diabetic foot differs from healthy people by micropolarity of annular lipid pool (with 2 concentrations of pyrene), microviscosity of total lipid pool and the activity of oxygen release.
DECISION SUPPORT SYSTEMS IN THE DIAGNOSIS AND TREATMENT OF ACUTE PANCREATITIS
Authors: Litvin A. A. , Rebrova O. Yu.
Published: November 2021

This paper is a systematic review of literature covering the use of decision support systems in the diagnosis and treatment of acute pancreatitis. The authors provide modern literature data on the efficacy of different support systems for decision-making based on artificial neural networks to determine the severity of acute pancreatitis outcomes, prognosis and diagnosis of infected pancreatic necrosis.
VENOUS OUTFLOW AFTER HARVESTING OF FEMORAL VEIN FOR RECONSTRUCTION OF AORTOILIAC SEGMENT
Authors: Lyzikov A. A.
Published: November 2021

Objective: to define the state of venous outflow after femoral vein harvesting for aortoiliac reconstruction. Material and methods. The distant results of 22 aortoiliac reconstructions with deep femoral veins performed at Gomel Regional Vascular Surgery Department over 2010-2015 have been studied. 5 patients were operated for late complications (false aneurisms) of previous aorto-femoral bypass, 8 patients were treated for acute prosthetic infection and 9 patients underwent initial surgery for terminal stage of critical limb ischemia. Results and discussion. The group of the patients after initial reconstructions revealed significant edema and lymphorea immediately after the surgery. It was not necessary to perform fasciotomy in all the cases. There were no signs of chronic venous insufficiency in all the patients in the remote postoperational period. Conclusion. The application of femoral vein for aortoiliac bypass is safe from the point of view of venous morbidity. Outflow disturbances were transient in all the cases and no additional treatment was needed.
THE FEATURES OF THE COURSE OF THE DISEASE IN PATIENTS WITH CHRONIC DECOMPENSATED TONSILLITIS
Authors: Makarina-Kibak L. E. , Salivonchyk E. I.
Published: November 2021

To study the characteristic features of the course of the disease in patients with different types of chronic decompensated tonsillitis (RT, PTA, AD) hospitalized for tonsillectomy.
AGGRESSIVE FORM OF MULTIPLE MYELOMA DIAGNOSED AT THE STAGE OF SEVERE RENAL FAILURE
Authors: Kozich Zh. M.
Published: November 2021

The work presents a clinical case of the aggressive form of multiple myeloma including predominant lesions of the kidneys, stomach, liver, and lymph nodes.
FEATURES OF THE IMMUNOLOGICAL STATUS IN PATIENTS WITH DIFFERENT FORMS OF TRANSIENT DISTURBANCES OF CEREBRAL BLOOD CIRCULATION
Authors: Galinovskaya N. V. , Shitikova M. G. , Shevko N. I. , Voropaev E. V. , Janelidze T. .
Published: November 2021

Objective : to determine special features of the immunological status as a result of immunophenotyping of peripheral blood leukocytes in patients with different transient disturbances of cerebral blood circulation in comparison with patients with stroke. Material and methods . We examined 14 patients with transient ischemic attack (TIA), 7 patients with cerebral hypertensive crisis (CHC), 9 patients with lacunar stroke, and 9 volunteers. All the patients underwent immunophenotyping of peripheral blood leukocytes and their immunoglobulin level was determined by immunoturbodimetrical method on the first day after admission. Results . We have defined the specific features of the inflammatory process presented by activation of the classical way of inflammation in CHC patients on the first day of the illness in the form of increased level of proteins of the complement system, activity of T- and B-cellular links of immunity in a combination with low expression of adhesion molecules. We have revealed depression of T-cellular immunity without activation of B-cellular immunity in TIA group, which distinguishes transient disturbances of cerebral blood circulation from stroke. Conclusion. Absence of the activation of B-cellular immunity in patients with CHC and TIA and low level of the expression of adhesion molecules make the sanogenic potential of transient disturbances of cerebral blood circulation in comparison with stroke.
THE MODEL OF CONTROLLED CHEMOTHERAPY OF TUBERCULOSIS IN OUT-PATIENT TREATMENT IN CITY CONDITIONS
Authors: Buinevich I. V. , Sverzh Zh. E. , Ruzanov D. Yu. , Mikhasiov M. N. , Korzhich T. A. , Shiriayev A. S. , Butko S. V.
Published: November 2021

The article gives the description of the epidemic situation for tuberculosis in Gomel. Organization of controlled chemotherapy during all the stages of the treatment is the key to the successful solution of tuberculosis problems. The article analyzes the effectiveness of the model of outpatient treatment for tuberculosis in city conditions and presents the order of the organization of outpatient treatment for tuberculosis in town, lists activities aimed at the improvement of adherence to the treatment.
DIAGNOSIS OF SPINAL STATIC DEFORMITIES USING THE METHOD OF TOPOGRAPHIC PHOTOMETRY OVER TIME BEFORE AND AFTER REHABILITATION FOLLOW-UP IN SCHOOL-AGED CHILDREN
Authors: Tsukanov A. N. , Charnashtan D. V. , Valetko A. A. , Grakovich R. I. , Bronskaya K. V. , Chechetin D. A.
Published: November 2021

Objective: to study the possibility of diagnosis of spinal static deformities using the method of topographic photometry over time before and after rehabilitation follow-up in school-aged children. Material and methods. The study involved 411 children (207 boys and 204 girls) aged 6-16. 77 children with spinal deformities (scoliosis, postural disorder) underwent complex rehabilitation treatment. 46 patients were done X-ray investigation. Results. The groups of the boys and girls were analyzed in accordance with the data of their examination by the method of topographic photometry. The data of topographic photometry obtained after the examination of the children before the treatment and 6 months after it were analyzed. The X-ray and topographic data were compared. The results of X-ray and optical topography were identical in 35 (76 %) cases. Thus, the method of topographic photometry makes it possible to estimate the results of rehabilitation activities in children without extra X-ray exposure. Conclusion. The high information value of topographic photometry without radiation exposure defines the reasonability of the use of this method for the control of efficiency of rehabilitation activities in static spinal deformities in children.
CLINICAL AND MORPHOLOGICAL FEATURES AND LONG-TERM RESULTS OF SURGICAL TREATMENT OF CANCER OF THE PANCREAS HEAD
Authors: Mikhailov I. V. , Nesterovich T. N. , Achinovich S. L. , Bondarenko V. M. , Kudryashov V. A.
Published: November 2021

Objective : to carry out the comparative analysis of clinical and morphological pathologic factors and long-term results of surgical treatment of cancer of the pancreas head (CPH) depending on prior biliary drainage (PBD). Material and methods . 39 patients (group I) were performed single-step surgery, PBD was performed in 41 cases (group II) at a total bilirubin level of more than 200 umol/l. Results . The prevalence of cancer of the pancreas head in the surveyed groups did not differ, patients of groups I and II revealed low-grade ductal adenocarcinoma in 43 and 79 %, respectively (p = 0.003), the survival median was 14 and 13 months, 3-year survival rate was found in 28.9 ± 8.4 and 3.5 ± 3.4 %, 5-year - 19.3 ± 7.9 and 0 % (p = 0.04). Conclusion . It is advisable to expand the indications for single-step surgical treatment for CPH complicated by obstructive jaundice.
FEATURES OF GLYCEMIA INDICES DYNAMICS IN THE COURSE OF SURGICAL TREATMENT OF PATIENTS WITH LOCAL WOUNDS AND DIABETES MELLITUS
Authors: Slavnikov I. A. , Dundarov Z. A.
Published: November 2021

Objective: to determine regularities of the dynamics of carbohydrate metabolism indices in the application of various techniques of the treatment for local wounds in patients with diabetes mellitus. Material and methods. We studied the glycemia dynamics in 83 patients with different types and duration of diabetes mellitus who had local wounds of various genesis and limitation period. We applied various ways of conservative therapy and surgical treatment of wound defects and also their combinations in the out-patient conditions of hospital. Hypocarbohydrate diet, various schemes of insulin therapy with short and long acting preparations, oral application of antihyperglycemic preparations of biguanide and sulfonylurea groups, and also their combination were applied as antihyperglycemic therapy. Results. Elimination of local wound defects with a small amount of necrotic mass or its absence in patients with different types of diabetes mellitus by means of various conservative techniques and operative treatment leads to the decrease of prandial glucose concentration in capillary blood. Patients with significant volume of wound detritus did not reveal such a relation. Conclusion. Necrotizing tissues in the area of a local wound defect in patients with impaired glucose metabolism are the cause of persistent hyperglycemia in these patients. This is an unfavorable factor for medicinal compensation of carbohydrate metabolism.
MONITORING OF DRUG-RESISTANT TUBERCULOSIS IN PALLIATIVE CARE PATIENTS
Authors: Yudenko M. A. , Ruzanov D. Yu. , Goponyako S. V. , Kholiavkin A. A. , Buinevich I. V.
Published: November 2021

Objective: to assess the results of clinical monitoring of drug-resistant tuberculosis in palliative care patients. Material and methods. We have analyzed the clinical data and results of the monitoring of drug resistant tuberculosis in 165 patients who were changed to palliative treatment. Results. Clinical forms with subacute course and secondary drug resistance of tuberculosis mycobacterium were found to predominate, within the first 12-18 months of the observation of palliative care patients as a rule no bacterioexcretion was detected. Conclusion. The analysis of the monitoring results will make it possible to optimize standards of management of patients with drug resistant tuberculosis who are changed to palliative care.
THE REGULARITIES OF THE CHANGES OF WIDTH AND CIRCUMFERENCE BODY SIZES OF CITY SCHOOL CHILDREN
Authors: Zimatkin S. M. , Matsiuk Ya. R. , Melnik S. N. , Kozlovsky A. A. , Sokal A. V.
Published: November 2021

The examination of city school children aged 7-17 has revealed that the periods of the maximum growth of the width and circumference body sizes in boys are between the age 10-11, cross diameter of chest is between 15-16, and sagittal diameter - between 13-14. The most intensive period of growth of circumference body sizes, shoulder width, pelvis width, cross and sagittal diameters of chest in girls are between the age interval 9-10, width of extremity epiphysis (shoulder, forearm, and shin) - from 9 to 10. It has been found that boys and girls aged 7-17 reveal the growth of chest flattening.
REASONS FOR LATE DIAGNOSIS OF CYSTIC FIBROSIS
Authors: Maloletnikova I. M. , Zaryankina A. I. , Abdullina Yu. Yu.
Published: November 2021

Cystic fibrosis (CF) is not only medical but also a social problem as it considerably worsens the quality of life and requires immense expenses on medical aid, care, and rehabilitation of children and adults. The early manifestation of CF takes more severe course in children who have had meconium ileus. There are the following types of cystic fibrosis: mixed (pulmonary and intestinal); preferentially pulmonary; preferentially intestinal; liver cirrhosis, portal hypertension and ascites; electrolyte depletion; meconium ileus; neonatal high concentration of IRT (Immunoreactive trypsinogen); atypical, and suppressed. During the 1950s about 80 % of patients died before the age of 10, however, at the present time, the average life expectancy of CF patients is 29 years and more.
THE EFFECT OF LOW-TEMPERATURE STORAGE OF RAT SERUM ON THE CONTENT OF CHOLESTEROL
Authors: Asachuk S. S.
Published: November 2021

Cholesterol is oxidized to a greater extent than polyunsaturated fatty acids, which may distort the results in freezing of blood serum. The aim of the work was to study the effect of low-temperature storage of serum on the indices of its cholesterol profile. The blood serum of laboratory rats was divided into 3 portions. The profile of cholesterol in the first portion was determined with commercial kits Cormay-Diana on the day when it was received. The second and third portions were processed after 3 and 7 days of storage at a temperature of -20 °C. The statistical analysis was performed in the system R 3.3.1. The non-parametric Quade criterion with the Bonferroni correction was used for the analysis of the repeated measurements. According to the results of the carried out study we made a conclusion about the statistically significant effect of blood serum freezing on the result of the analysis of the cholesterol profile of blood and discussed possible mechanisms of the identified differences.
FEATURES OF NUTRITION OF THE POPULATION OF GOMEL REGION
Authors: Kohanovskaya V. S. , Sharshakova T. M. , Soboleva L. G.
Published: November 2021

Objective: to study features of nutrition of the population of Gomel region. Material and methods. The methodical basis of the study was selective one-time observation. A questionnaire which included 16 questions was developed. 1099 respondents (346 men and 753 women) took part in the questioning. On the basis of the carried out study the computer database SPSS.Statistics. 22 was created. To obtain evidence-based results, the prepared data were subjected to statistical analysis. Results. The population of Gomel region is characterized by a monotonous type of diet, which follows from the responses of 76 % respondents. At the same time, obesity was revealed in 17.1 % of the respondents. According to the obtained data, we found a deficit of some food products in daily diet (juices, fish, chicken, fruit, vegetables). 28.3 % of the respondents control their daily consumption of salt, whereas 71.2 % of the respondents do not. Also, it was revealed that 91.3 % of the respondents consume up to 5 g of salt a day, and 8.7 % - more than 5 g.
PHARMACOEPIDEMIOLOGICAL STUDY OF ARTERIAL HYPERTENSION IN GOMEL REGION
Authors: Mamchits L. P. , Starovoitova A. S.
Published: November 2021

Objective: to determine levels of patient awareness of the presence of arterial hypertension (AH), to analyze antihypertensive drug therapy and monitor the effectiveness of AH control in Gomel region. Material and methods. Survey of doctors, patients with AH, study of medical records, calculation of body mass index (BMI). We used the statistical software «Statistica», 6.0, «Biostatistics», 4.03. Results. The average level of awareness of the presence of AH was 79.0%, women had higher awareness level than men (85 and 65.2 %). The basis of the AH treatment was hypertension drugs of pharmacological classes recommended by the international societies of cardiology for the diagnosis, prevention and treatment of AH. The combined schemes of the treatment prevailed. Conclusion. Adequate antihypertensive therapy, control of blood pressure levels after the treatment will reduce the incidence of complications and make it possible to evaluate the effectiveness of the drug therapy.
ANTIVIRAL TREATMENT OF CHRONIC HEPATITISС: AVAILABLE RESULTS AND FUTURE PROSPECTS
Authors: Mitsura V. M. , Krasavtsev E. L. , Zhavoronok S. V. , Voropaev E. V. , Osipkina O. V. , Soldatenko O. V. , Baryash T. M. , Tsereshkov D. V.
Published: November 2021

Objective : to evaluate the effectiveness of two interferon (IFN)-based antiviral therapy of chronic hepatitis C (IFN/RBV or PEG-IFN/RBV)depending on HCV genotype, IL-28B gene mutations and to determinethe group of patients who need treatment with direct antiviral agents. Material and methods. The study involved 844 patients with chronic hepatitis C (60.6 % men; 51.9 % with genotype 1 virus) in two infectious diseases hospitals. 324 patients received treatment with standard interferon and ribavirin (IFN/RBV), 520 patients - with pegylated interferon and ribavirin (PEG-IFN/RBV). Polymerase chain reaction was applied to determinesingle nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) rs12979860 and rs8099917 of IL-28B gene. Results. The effectiveness (sustained virologic response, SVR) of the scheme IFN/RBV in patients with HCV genotype 1 was 23.9 %, and of PEG-IFN/RBV - 48.4 %. The highest frequency rate of SVR was recorded in patients with CC variant of SNP rs12979860 - 73.3 and 82.1 % (for IFN/RBV and PEG-IFN/RBV schemes, respectively). Schemes IFN/RBV (SVR 70.8 %) and PEG-IFN/RBV (SVR 86.5 %) were highly effective for patients with HCV genotypes 2 and 3. The treatment was not effective in patients with genotype 1 HCV having gene IL-28B SNPs rs12979860 CT or TT and rs8099917 TG or GG and in patientsover 40. Conclusion. It is prospectiveto use non-IFN regimens based on direct-acting antiviral agents to treat patients with 1 HCV genotype with genotype CT/TT (rs12979860) and TG/GG (rs8099917), as well as those who did not respond previously to the antiviral treatment with PEG-IFN/RBV.The implementation of the non-IFN regimens should be accelerated by means of registration or development of production of generic drugs.
THE ETIOLOGICAL STRUCTURE OF MICROFLORA OF WOUNDS OF THE ANAL CANAL AND PERINEUM AND THEIR SENSITIVITY TO ANTIBACTERIAL DRUGS
Authors: Misevich A. A. , Bonda N. A. , Shebushev N. G.
Published: November 2021

We have performed a retrospective analysis of the results of the bacteriological study of the discharge from wounds of the perianal area and anal canal in patients of the Proctology and Colorectal Surgery Ward of the health institution «Gomel Regional Specialized Clinical Hospital» of different nosology over 2014-2015. Significant etiological strains of microorganisms were isolated in 157 samples. The inoculation was 68 %. Representatives of Enterobacteriaceae family prevailed in the general structure of causative agents - 78.4 %, including E. coli - 52.3 %, K. pneumoniae - 15.3 %, E. agglomerans - 10.8 %. Among gram-positive bacteria (15.3 %) Streptococcus spp ., including E. faecalis (7 %), Streptococcus agalactiae (3.8 %) predominated, and S. aureus (4.5 %) was also detected. Enterobacteriaceae isolates were characterized by high resistance to ampicillin - 91.7 %, amoxicillin/clavulanate - 61.1 %, ceftazidime - 42.6 %, cefotaxime - 18.5 %. Ciprofloxacin (93.5 %) and gentamicin (94.4 %) had high-level sensitivity. Since it is impossible to avoid the entry of microorganisms intoa woundcompletely, it is advisable to prevent such a concentration of micro-organisms in tissues which leads to passing of microbial contamination intoa clinically significant wound infection. As gram-positive and gram-negative microorganisms are detected in wounds after surgery on the perineum, it is necessary to prescribe a wide spectrum of antibiotic drugs in order to prevent inflammatory complications. The existing diversity of schemes of antibiotic prevention indicatesthat the problem is not solved yet and indirectly testifies the topicality of research aimed at developing new methods of prevention of postoperative complications in patients having undergone operationson the distal rectum, anal canal, and perineum.
LIGAMENTOSIS OF THE LONG DORSAL SACROILIAC LIGAMENT: OUTSTANDING ISSUES OF RADIOTHERAPY
Authors: Nazarenko I. V.
Published: November 2021

Objective: to systematize the data on the possibility of application of imaging techniques for the diagnosis of ligamentosis of the long dorsal sacroiliac ligament. Materials. Publications containing information about the use of imaging techniques for the diagnosis of ligamentosis of the long dorsal sacroiliac ligament deposited in PubMed resources and information portal eLIBRARY.RU. Results. The work has sorted out the most important aspects regarding the possibility of application of imaging techniques for the diagnosis of ligamentosis of the long dorsal sacroiliac ligament. Conclusion. Modern methods of X-ray diagnostics are able to provide visualization of the posterior long sacroiliac ligaments, but the absence of reliable diagnostic criteria does not make it possible to diagnose degenerative changes (ligamentosis) confidently and, accordingly, to verify the related cases of lower back pain syndrome.
MONOCYTE CHEMOATTRACTANT PROTEIN-1 (MCP-1) CONCENTRATIONS IN CARRAGEENAN-INDUCED GASTROENTEROCOLITIS
Authors: Tkachenko A. S. , Nakonechnaya O. A. , Gorbach T. V. , Onischenko A. I. , Chubukova T. N.
Published: November 2021

Aim: to study MCP-1 concentrations in chronic carrageenan-induced gastroenterocolitis and the role of this protein in the development and progression of the disease. Material and methods . Thirty female WAG rats were divided into three groups (each group consisted of ten individuals): 1) introduction of 1% carrageenan solution for 14 days; 2) introduction of 1 % carrageenan solution for 28 days; 3) the control group. The animals of the first two groups were developing gastroenterocolitis. The MCP-1 and TNF-α concentrations were measured in the blood serum by ELISA. Results. Development of carrageenan-induced gastroenterocolitis was accompanied by increased levels of both MCP-1 and TNF-α in the blood serum. The level of the increase of both the parameters was more evident after four-week oral taking of the food additive carrageenan. Conclusion. The increased MCP-1 production in carrageenan-induced gastroenterocolitis may be directly due to the toxic effect of carrageenan on the macrophages of the gastrointestinal tract, development of oxidative stress, as well as due to the stimulating effect of the proinflammatory cytokine TNF-α.
THE EFFICIENCY OF THE USE OF SPECIALIZED MOBILE APPLICATIONS FOR SELF-CONTROLLED TREATMENT OF PATIENTS WITH CHRONIC NON-INFECTIOUS DISEASES (Message I)
Authors: Semutenko K. M.
Published: November 2021

Objective: to assess the efficiency of the use of specialized mobile applications for self-controlled treatment of patients with chronic non-infectious diseases. Material and methods. We have studied the databases of PubMed, Embase, Springer in order to find the studies which evaluated the efficiency of mobile applications in the treatment of diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, and chronic lung diseases. Subsequently, a systematic review and analysis of the data were performed. Results. All the analyzed studies contained information about the impact of the use of mobile applications on the control of disease-specific symptoms. Conclusion. The use of mobile applications as a part of the mobile healthcare system (mHealth) makes it possible to improve the clinical outcomes of the treatment in the patients with chronic diseases and to promote the quality of symptom control.
AN ORPHAN SOURCE OF IONIZING RADIATION AS A FACTOR OF BREACH OF RADIATION AND ECOLOGICAL SAFETY
Authors: Khalapsina T. I.
Published: November 2021

Objective: to estimate the hazard of radiation safety to the population and the environment in the Republic of Belarus analyzing the information about discovered orphan sources of ionizing radiation over 2003-2015. Material and methods. The work describes the method of cluster analysis, which made it possible to systematize and analyze the operative information of the Ministry for Emergency Situations of the Republic of Belarus about orphan sources of ionizing radiation in the territory of the country. Results. It has been found out that 55 % of all the episodes of local radiation pollution of the environment happened in the city of Minsk and Minsk region, out of them 61 % - at economic entities. We have performed the assessment of hazards of point and areal radiation pollution of the environment.
THE EPIDEMIOLOGY OF NEW CASES OF LUNG TUBERCULOSIS IN WOMEN OF THE REPRODUCTIVE AGE
Authors: Goponyako S. V. , Buinevich I. V. , Butsko S. V. , Bondarenko V. N.
Published: November 2021

As per the WHO data, tuberculosis is often associated with HIV-infection and remains one of the prevalent causes of death among women of the reproductive age in regions with unfavorable epidemiological situation. Due to high HIV incidence in Gomel region, the epidemiology of tuberculosis in women of the reproductive age demands to be thoroughly studied. As the conducted study has showed women aged 18-45 make 1/5 of new cases of lung tuberculosis among HIV-negative women and 1/3 among HIV-positive patients. The age peak is 25-40 regardless of the HIV-status. 27.7 % women aged 18-45 who detected tuberculosis were HIV-positive. In 10 % women of this age pregnancy and parturition preceded tuberculosis which was not associated with HIV-infection.