bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The SARS-CoV-2 infection (COVID-19) era impact on incidence of sudden deaths due to Myocardial Infarction (Heart Attack) in States and Union Territories of India- A cross-sectional comparative study (2018-2022)
Authors: Anupama  , Kumar Dr Piyush
Published: December 2023

Background-COVID-19 pandemic increased the risk of CVD (cardiovascular disease). There is lack of comparative assessment on the incidence of sudden death due to MI during and before COVID-19. This study aimed to quantify this assessment. Another quest to start this study is that several studies have reported COVID-19 vaccine-associated myocarditis/cardiomyopathy. Methods and results-This study was based on NCRB data from all states and UTs of India who died suddenly due to MI between 1 January 2018 and 31 December 2022. 5 coastal states of India accounts for about 70 % of all MI cases related sudden death. The base year 2018 is having least whereas the last year 2022 is having the largest number of total new MI cases related mortality detected in one individual year. The largest and noteworthy percent change in sudden death due to MI in males is found in 2022 when it increased by 14.26% (is it due to delayed cardiomyopathy due to COVID-19 or its due to Vaccine? This will be a matter of research in coming era). This study revealed that there is 25.80 percent increase in total number of new MI cases related mortality in 2022 in comparison to pre-COVID-19 year of 2018. There is an overall increase of 11.24 percent in sudden death due to MI cases in males during the COVID-19 period. The Male-Sudden death due to Myocardial Infarction increased during COVID-19 year 2022 by 26.71 percent in comparison to 2018 pre- COVID-19 year. Conclusion-Sudden death due to MI increased during COVID-19.
A novel scoring protocol reveals age-related differences in abstract compared to concrete thinking in cued autobiographical remembering
Authors: Hovhannisyan Mariam , Raffaelli Quentin , Chau Nadine , Andrews-Hanna Jessica R. , Grilli Matthew D.
Published: December 2023

Human imagination has garnered growing interest in many fields. However, it remains unclear how to characterize different forms of imaginative thinking and how imagination differs between young and older adults. Here, we introduce a novel scoring protocol based on recent theoretical developments in the cognitive neuroscience of imagination to provide a broad tool with which to characterize imaginative thinking. The scoring protocol distinguishes between concrete/perceptual forms of imagination termed the “mind’s eye” and abstract/reflective forms of imagination termed the “mind’s mind.” The protocol also captures whether thoughts pertain to the self, others, or both. We applied this scoring protocol with high inter-rater reliability across two studies involving distinct participants and narrative-based imagination tasks. When compared to young adults, older adults showed a bias toward general content, which is a feature of the mind’s mind form of thinking while describing aloud their memories of specific, past events (Study 1). Further, older adults made fewer references to the self. In a separate study of only older adults (Study 2), increasing age was not associated with a bias toward the mind’s mind while describing specific past or future events. These results reveal that imaginative thinking can be characterized within the Mind’s Eye Mind’s Mind framework, with implications for understanding cognitively normal older age.
Compatibilities of University Entrepreneurship Program and Students' Entrepreneurial Characteristics in Indonesia
Authors: Parahita Bagas Narendra , Ghufronudin  , Suryaningsih Anis , Abidin Nur Fatah , Nurhaini Lies
Published: December 2023

University entrepreneurship programs in Indonesia have been rapidly developed under the policy Merdeka Belajar Kampus Merdeka. This article analyzes the compatibility of university entrepreneurship programs and students’ entrepreneurial characteristics. A mixed method based on sequential approach was used as research methodology. The data were collected though Focus Group Discussion and interview with stake holder, practitioner, and academicians. The finding of research shows that the dimension of the compatibility of entrepreneurship program to millennial generation should pay attention to adaptive entrepreneurship education material, instructor's experience, teaching method, the compatibility of science background, socialization of program, creating a business ecosystem, ease and flexible of budget management, legal assistance, business orientation, discretion in solving the problem, entrepreneurial mindset, business research, and facilitation. The recommendation given is that to improve the entrepreneurship program, a dynamic entrepreneurship program is required in all Universities in Indonesia corresponding to the millennial generation's needs in post-industrial society.
Using facial EMG to track emotion during language comprehension: past, present, and future
Authors: van Berkum Jos , Struiksma Marijn Eefje , Hart Björn 't
Published: December 2023

Beyond recognizing words, parsing sentences, building situation models, and other cognitive accomplishments, language comprehension always involves some degree of emotion too, with or without awareness. Language excites, bores, or otherwise moves us, and studying how it does so is crucial. This chapter examines the potential of facial electromyography (EMG) to study language-elicited emotion. After discussing the limitations of self-report measures, we examine various other tools to tap into emotion, and then zoom in on the electrophysiological recording of facial muscle activity. Surveying psycholinguistics, communication science, and other fields, we provide an exhaustive qualitative review of the relevant facial EMG research to date, exploring 55 affective comprehension experiments with single words, phrases, sentences, or larger pieces of discourse. We discuss the outcomes of this research, and evaluate the various practices, biases, and omissions in the field. We also present the fALC model, a new conceptual model that lays out the various potential sources of facial EMG activity during language comprehension. Our review suggests that facial EMG recording is a powerful tool for exploring the conscious as well as unconscious aspects of affective language comprehension. However, we also think it is time to take on a bit more complexity in this research field, by for example considering the possibility that multiple active generators can simultaneously contribute to an emotional facial expression, by studying how the communicator’s stance and social intention can give rise to emotion, and by studying facial expressions not just as indexes of inner states, but also as social tools that enrich everyday verbal interactions.
Ethical Challenges of Greenhouse Gas Emissions
Authors: Rashid Redowan
Published: December 2023

This article examines the moral aspects of greenhouse gas emissions, climate change, and the developing field of greenhouse gas removal (GGR). This text highlights the importance of urgently tackling climate change in accordance with ethical standards. It explores the ethical dilemmas presented by global warming, with a particular focus on the unequal impact it has on disadvantaged communities. The statement delineates six fundamental ethical principles, drawing upon UNESCO's guidelines on climate change. These principles encompass the avoidance of harm, the adoption of a precautionary approach, the promotion of equality and justice, the pursuit of sustainable development, the fostering of solidarity, and the incorporation of scientific information in decision-making. The study addresses three primary ethical dilemmas associated with greenhouse gas emissions, specifically emphasizing the need for international collaboration, the long-term consequences for future generations, and the insufficiency of existing theoretical frameworks. Furthermore, it examines the connection between greenhouse gas emissions and social justice, highlighting the importance of considering fairness and equality in climate action. The concluding segment scrutinizes the ethical dilemmas of GGR, emphasizing the societal, moral, and governmental apprehensions linked to these nascent technologies.
Developing A SERVQUAL-Based Scale for Measuring Student Satisfaction with Academic Service in Higher Education
Authors: Yosef  , Ibrahim Arief Rachman , Yusup Muhammad , Wicaksono Damar Tutur , Amalia Putri
Published: December 2023

Assessing student satisfaction with academic services provided by higher education institutions has always been a challenging task. This study aimed to create a valid, reliable, and practical web-based student satisfaction scale (SSS) through a design and validation stage. Applying the SERVQUAL model in this development research, during the design stage, the SSS consisted of three subscales with 32 items. These items were established and validated through expert review for content validity, pilot testing for practicality, and a main test for concurrent validity. The results showed that the it had an acceptable level of content validity with I-CVI scores ranging from .80 to 1.00 and an S-CVI of .90. It also met practicality criteria with an S-SPI of 0.9. The concurrent validity of the SSS ranged from .665 to .999, and reliability was .888 to .999. These findings suggest that the SSS met valid, reliable, and practical criteria. It has diagnostic and predictive value for improving quality assurance purposes.
Kajian Kualitas Sanad Hadis tentang Keutamaan Berjihad Dalam Islam
Authors: Bahri Muchlas Hakho
Published: December 2023

This journal aims to conduct a study of the quality of hadith sanad related to the Virtue ofBerjhad in Islam, with a focus on the study of takhrij hadith bi lafzhi. Jihad is an importantconcept in Islam that is often misunderstood or interpreted incorrectly by some parties. Thisarticle aims to provide a deeper understanding of the virtues of jihad and its objectives from anIslamic perspective. The virtue of jihad is not solely related to physical warfare, but includesefforts to improve oneself, fight crime, and face life's challenges with determination. Theprimacy of jihad is found in Islamic teachings as a form of worship and struggle that hasspiritual and moral dimensions. In the Qur'an, the concept of jihad is explained as an effort toachieve goodness and justice, both within oneself and in society. The main goal of jihad is tocreate peace, justice and prosperity for all of Allah's creatures. This article also discusses that jihad does not merely involve war activities, but involves active efforts to fight injustice,poverty, inequality and all forms of evil in society. The virtue of jihad lies in sincere intentions,sacrifice, and sincerity to support Islamic values that prioritize peace and justice. By studyingit further, it is hoped that a better understanding of the virtues of jihad can help society distanceitself from negative stereotypes and misunderstandings related to this concept. Therefore, thisarticle also emphasizes the importance of education and correct understanding regardingIslamic teachings so that people can gain positive benefits from the concept of jihad in everydaylife.
Book Review. Misconduct in Medical Research and Practice. Nova Science Publishers, 2020
Authors: Jargin Sergei V.
Published: December 2023

This is the author’s review of the book: Misconduct in medical research and practice. Series: Ethical Issues in the 21st Century. New York: Nova Science Publishers; 2020. doi: 10.52305/GIEZ3244. Main varieties of scientific misconduct include falsification, misquoting and plagiarism. Scientists, editors, and authorities should jointly combat the misconduct. Whistleblowers must be protected from revenge. The quality of research and hidden conflicts of interest should be taken into account deciding which studies are to be included into reviews. Forged publications and speculative theories have been used for promotion of drugs, dietary supplements and treatments without proven effectiveness. Patients can be misinformed not only by the advertising but also by publications supposed to be scientific. Furthermore, it has become usual practice to disregard published criticism in spite of personal communications and debates at conferences. Some scientists seem to make use of critical comments without citing them, or just continue publications ignoring the criticism. The same scientists continue working sometimes in cooperation with renowned researchers. The book contains an overview of misconduct in medical research and practice mainly from some countries of the former Soviet Union (SU). Abundant documentary evidence is provided as illustrations.
Spatial Versus Graphical Representation of Distributional Semantic Knowledge
Authors: Mao Shufan , Huebner Philip , Willits Jon
Published: December 2023

Spatial distributional semantic models represent word meanings in a vector space. While able to model many basic semantic tasks, they are limited in many ways, such as their inability to represent multiple kinds of relations in a single semantic space and to directly leverage indirect relations between two lexical representations. To address these limitations, we propose a distributional graphical model that encodes lexical distributional data in a graphical structure and uses spreading activation for determining the plausibility of word sequences. We compare our model to existing spatial and graphical models by systematically varying parameters that contributing to dimensions of theoretical interest in semantic modeling. In order to be certain about what the models should be able to learn, we trained each model on an artificial corpus describing events in an artificial world simulation containing experimentally controlled verb–noun selectional preferences. The task used for model evaluation requires recovering observed selectional preferences and inferring semantically plausible but never observed verb–noun pairs. We show that the distributional graphical model performed better than all other models. Further, we argue that the relative success of this model comes from its improved ability to access the different orders of spatial representations with the spreading activation on the graph, enabling the model to infer the plausibility of noun–verb pairs unobserved in the training data. The model integrates classical ideas of representing semantic knowledge in a graph with spreading activation and more recent trends focused on the extraction of lexical distributional data from large natural language corpora.
Emery et al., (PrePrint; 12.21.23) Characterizing the dimensions of positive emotion functioning in young adult alcohol use and alcohol-related problems
Authors: Emery Noah N
Published: December 2023

Emotional functioning figures prominently in most contemporary models of alcohol use (Kassel & Veilleux, 2010). These models posit that alcohol use becomes reinforced due to its ability to regulate a person’s affect (Sher & Grekin, 2007). A growing body of literature suggests that for youth, positive reinforcement (i.e., using alcohol to enhance positive feelings or to increase their duration) is a leading mechanism facilitating increased use (Emery & Simons 2020; Howard et al., 2015). However, few, if any, studies have examined the unique associations between multiple indicators of positive emotional functioning and alcohol use as well as alcohol-related problems. We aimed to fill this gap by using secondary data from large college student sample (N= 402) to characterize the unique associations between trait indicators of positive emotional functioning (i.e., positive affect, anhedonia, savoring, positive emotion dysregulation) and alcohol use as well as alcohol-related problems. Results indicated trait positive emotion dysregulation (difficulty managing intense positive emotions) was positively related to both alcohol consumption (IRR= 1.03, p= .019) and alcohol-related problems (IRR= 1.03, p= .001). Interestingly, trait savoring (i.e., ability to increase the intensity/duration of positive emotions) was positively related to alcohol consumption (IRR= 1.18, p= .049) and inversely related to problems (IRR= 0.86, p= .019). None of the other positive emotion indicators were significantly associated with either alcohol use or problems.
Why Moral Psychology Needs Personality Psychology
Authors: Sun Jessie , Smillie Luke D.
Published: December 2023

People vary in how they perceive, think about, and respond to moral issues. Clearly, we cannot fully understand the psychology of morality without accounting for individual differences in moral functioning. But decades of neglect of and explicit skepticism toward such individual differences has resulted in a lack of integration between moral psychology and personality psychology—the study of psychological differences between people. In recent years, these barriers to progress have started to break down. This special issue aims to celebrate and further increase the visibility of the personality psychology of morality. Here, we introduce the articles in this special issue by highlighting some important contributions a personality-based perspective has to offer moral psychology—particularly in comparison to the currently prominent social psychological approach. We show that personality psychology is well-placed to (a) contribute toward a rigorous empirical foundation for moral psychology, (b) tackle the conceptualization and assessment of stable moral tendencies, (c) assess the predictive validity of moral traits in relation to consequential outcomes, (d) uncover the mechanisms underlying individual differences in moral judgments and behavior, and (e) provide insights into moral development. For these reasons, we believe that moral psychology needs personality psychology to reach its full scholarly potential.
Cognitive networks for knowledge modelling: A gentle tutorial for data- and cognitive scientists
Authors: Haim Edith , Stella Massimo
Published: December 2023

In this tutorial paper, we discuss cognitive networks as powerful models for understanding human cognition and knowledge. Cognitive networks are representations of associative knowledge between concepts in a cognitive system apt at acquiring, storing, processing and producing language, i.e. the mental lexicon. In a cognitive network, nodes represent concepts with links expressing relations, such as semantic, syntactic, phonological and visual connections, e.g. “canine” and “dog” (nodes) linked by “being synonyms” (link). Hence, cognitive networks represent associative knowledge in mathematical, measurable and quantifiable ways. Can such structure be used to gain insights over cognitive phenomena? We explore this research question by reviewing recent, pioneering key applications and limitations of cognitive networks across visual, auditory, and semantic language processing tasks, either in healthy or clinical populations. We also review applications of cognitive networks modelling language acquisition, reconstructing text content and assessing creativity or personality traits in individuals. Our tutorial also gently introduces the reader to mathematical notations, definitions and measures about single-layer and multiplex networks as well as hypergraphs. Last but not least, across phonological, semantic and syntactic networks, we guide the reader through relevant psychological frameworks, datasets and software packages that might all aid current and future cognitive network scientists.
"It’s illegal to buy drugs from street dealers” - A Video-Based Pre-Post Study of a Behavioral Intervention to Displace Dealers from an Amsterdam Open-Air Drug Market
Authors: Ejbye-Ernst Peter
Published: December 2023

Objectives: A high number of street dealers operate in the Red Light District in Amsterdam, The Netherlands. To displace the dealers, the Municipality of Amsterdam installed text-based light projections in a street attracting a high number of dealers. Methods: To evaluate the intervention, we did a pre-post analysis of video footage from two CCTV cameras located in the street. In total, we analyzed 765 one-minute segments of footage from before and after the implementation.Results: The implementation was followed by a four percentage point reduction in street dealers. However, the estimated effect shows fragileness with wide confidence intervals, a p-value just below 0.05, and a Bayesian robustness analysis suggests that the intervention was not associated with the outcome.Conclusions: Analyzing CCTV-footage offers a unique avenue for evaluating small scale interventions in open-air drug markets. While we observed a decrease in the presence of dealers, the intervention still needs further validation.
Prediction of Performance in Standardised Assessments from Computer-Based Formative Assessment Data
Authors: Garzon Benjamin , Berger Stéphanie , Driver Charles C , Tomasik Martin J.
Published: December 2023

Summative assessments (SAs) and formative assessments (FAs) fulfil complementaryfunctions in the educational endeavour. The former measure knowledge acquired at the endof an educational unit in a standardised, high-stakes setting. FAs, by contrast, aim toassess student performance as part of daily classroom activities in order to tailor feedbackand instruction. The use of computer-based FA (CBFA) systems has made it technicallyfeasible to collect unprecedented amounts of longitudinal data objectively and withminimal interference for students, under conditions that more closely resemble real-lifebehaviour. In this paper, we investigated whether and how well FA outcomes can predictSA outcomes in a large sample of children evaluated at different time points duringcompulsory schooling. To this end, we estimated student abilities using Item ResponseTheory and performed a systematic comparison of regression models trained to predict SAabilities on different subsets of features derived from FA abilities and auxiliary variables. Amodel that included mean abilities in different competence domains performed best, andits predictions accounted for a considerable amount of variance, although the proportion ofvariation explained was still below that predicted by past SA measures. The FA featuresshowed specificity in the sense that the most predictive features generally tended tocorrespond to abilities from the same or a similar competence domain as the predicted SAability. Even though CBFA systems implement objective data-collection procedures, weobserved systematic biases in the predictions that would need to be taken intoconsideration when using the models for decision-making.
Endorsement of metaphysical idealism mediates a link between past use of psychedelics and wellbeing
Authors: Jylkkä Jussi , Krabbe Andreas , Jern Patrick
Published: December 2023

Background. It has been proposed that psychedelics promote wellbeing through spiritual-type transformations, involving changes in metaphysical beliefs. Past empirical research shows a link between the use of psychedelics and the endorsement of non-physicalist metaphysical beliefs. However, non-physicalist beliefs encompass a wide range of metaphysical ideas, and their links to wellbeing and psychedelics use are unclear. Methods. Utilizing a cross-sectional Internet survey, we probed the metaphysical beliefs of participants (N = 701) with experience of classical psychedelics, using a 42-item questionnaire (Core Metaphysical Beliefs, CMB) encompassing a wide range of metaphysical beliefs. Additionally, Non-Physicalist Beliefs (Timmerman et al., 2021) as well as wellbeing/illbeing and past experience of psychedelics were assessed. Results. Factor analysis of CMB revealed two factors, Idealism and Materialism, which had acceptable and good reliability, respectively, and good convergent validity. In network analyses, Idealism was linked to psychological insight in a past psychedelic experience (E = .24) and average use of psychedelics (E = .17), and predicted wellbeing (Es = .12 and .17). Mediation analyses showed an indirect link from past psychedelics use through Idealism to wellbeing (ps ≤ .006). Non-Physicalist Beliefs or Materialism were not significant mediators. Conclusions. Metaphysical beliefs in psychedelic users can be divided into Materialism and Idealism. The latter could correspond to spiritual-type metaphysical ideas. The results indicate that Idealism specifically, not non-physicalist beliefs generally, mediate a link between the use of psychedelics and wellbeing.
Facilitating Cooperation by Manipulating Attention
Authors: Lugrin Claire , Konovalov Arkady , Ruff Christian Carl
Published: December 2023

Cooperation is essential for human societies, but not all individuals cooperate to the same degree. This variability may relate to individual motives like other-regarding or risk preferences, but also to differences in attention – in other words, how individuals sample and process choice-relevant information. Here we characterize the mechanisms underlying cooperative decisions, by analyzing the choices and gaze behavior of subjects playing one-shot Prisoner’s Dilemma games with varying payoffs. We first confirm that individual cooperation rates respond to variability in payoffs and are primarily driven by other-regarding preferences. However, we find that choices are also impacted by attention to specific payoffs, as well as by individual information sampling strategies measured using eye-tracking. To test for the causal impact of attention over and above subjects’ other-regarding or risk preferences, we systematically manipulate the positions of the payoffs on the screen and find that this significantly affects cooperation rates: It drives subjects’ attention to the other’s payoffs in temporal sequences that favor cooperation. Machine learning classifiers trained on these gaze sequences confirm that such sequences can accurately predict cooperation out-of-sample. Our findings have implications for our understanding of individual differences in cooperation and suggest that attentional interventions can improve cooperative outcomes.
Opening open science to all: Demystifying reproducibility and transparency practices in linguistic research
Authors: Casillas Joseph V , Constantin-Dureci Gabriela , Andreu Rascón Iván , Shao Jiawei , Rodríguez Stephanie A. , Gadamsetty Adrija , Minetti Alexandria , Laungani Krishita , Thatcher John , Gardere Rhode , Taveras Katherine , Chang Isabelle , Rodríguez Nicole , Parrish Kyle , Ribas Meritxell Feliu , Esposito Robert
Published: December 2023

In recent years, numerous fields of research have seen a push for increased reproducibility andtransparency. As a result, specific transparency practices have emerged, such as open accesspublishing, preregistration, sharing data, analyses, and code, performing study replications, anddeclaring positionality and conflicts of interest. While many agree that open science practicesrepresent a positive step forward in improving scientific rigor, these practices, by and large, havenot been adopted in the field of linguistics (Bochynska et al., 2023). Few, if any, researchershave had explicit instruction on the practices of open science as part of their professionaltraining. Nonetheless, today’s speech researcher is expected to be up to date on the currentprotocols of open science in order incorporate the methodological practices aimed at improvingreproducibility/replicability. The present work intends to help make open science practicesunderstandable and accessible to researchers in linguistics from all backgrounds and at everystage, from students/early career researchers to senior researchers and advisors. We outline eightspecific open science practices that linguists can adopt to make their research more open,transparent, inclusive, and accessible to a wider audience.
Clinical Implementation of Functional MRI and EEG to Detect Cognitive Motor Dissociation: Lessons Learned in an Acute Care Hospital
Authors: Bodien Yelena G , Fecchio Matteo , Freeman Holly J. , Sanders William R. , Meydan Anogue , Lawrence Phoebe , Kirsch John , Fischer David , Cohen Joseph , Rubin Emily , He Julian , Schaefer Pamela W. , Hochberg Leigh R. , Rapalino Otto , Cash Sydney , Young Michael , Edlow Brian L
Published: December 2023

Cognitive motor dissociation (CMD) occurs when patients with disorders of consciousness (DoC) resulting from severe brain injury demonstrate the ability to follow commands on task-based functional MRI (fMRI) or EEG assessment despite demonstrating no behavioral evidence of language function on bedside assessment. Recognizing the diagnostic and prognostic value of identifying patients with CMD, evidence-based guidelines published in the United States and Europe now recommend that these assessments are conducted as part of clinical care in patients for whom the behavioral assessment is ambiguous. We describe our experience evaluating patients with DoC for CMD using task-based fMRI and EEG. Although our center, and others, have used these tests in a research capacity for more than a decade, implementing them for clinical use posed multiple challenges and opportunities for innovation. We now have an institutionally supported, standardized, and effective approach for conducting clinical assessments of CMD and present lessons learned in this process so that other centers can more easily implement these evaluations. Among the key lessons are the need to consider ethical implications of clinical assessment for CMD; garner support of peers and departmental leadership; establish local standardized protocols for patient selection, data acquisition, analysis, and interpretation; and develop systems of effective communication of test results to families and clinical teams. As consensus or independent validation of optimal methods to assess CMD have not yet been established, the approach described is intended to be flexible, allowing for iterative improvements as more evidence becomes available.
Education, Not Age, Linked to Narrative Comprehension
Authors: Huff Markus , Gagarina Natalia , Varkentin Ekaterina , Brich Irina R
Published: December 2023

Background: Understanding narratives is essential for societal participation. However, insufficient literacy or age-related cognitive changes can limit narrative comprehension and create participation barriers.Aims: This study investigates the potential of pictorial narratives to convey information beyond text and break down barriers to comprehension.Sample: A representative adult sample (N = 1487).Methods: The experimental study assessed the influences of age and education on the comprehension of textual and pictorial narratives. Participants were tested on the generation of bridging inferences, a central aspect of narrative comprehension. The narratives used were based on the "Multilingual Assessment Instrument for Narratives" (MAIN), and comprehension was measured through a task where participants identified correct and false inference statements related to missing parts of the narratives.Results: Narrative comprehension was higher within higher educated groups and stable across the measured adult age span. Comprehension was generally better for pictorial narratives than textual ones across all education and age groups. Frequentist and Bayesian analyses supported these findings, showing significant effects of education and narrative modality on comprehension but no interaction between these factors.Conclusions: The findings lay the groundwork for more effectively addressing underprivileged groups and refining theories on narrative comprehension. The results suggest that pictorial narratives could be a valuable approach to enhance comprehension and participation for individuals with literacy challenges or cognitive changes due to aging. This study also emphasizes the role of education in narrative comprehension and suggests stable comprehension abilities across the adult age span.
The good, the rich and the powerful: How young children compensate victims of moral transgressions depending on moral character, wealth, and social dominance
Authors: Schwartz Flora , Chernyak Nadia
Published: December 2023

Theories of justice suggest that it serves two main purposes: punishment and restoration. Though punishment emerges early and has been well-documented, little is known about the contexts in which young children engage in restorative practices like compensation for victims. The present study thus investigated whether children’s engagement in compensation and punishment (which often involve a redistribution of resources) were sensitive to characteristics of the perpetrator and victim known to shape distributive justice decisions (decisions about how resources should be distributed), such as social dominance, resource inequality, and moral character. Fifty-four children aged 3 to 7 completed a series of moral judgment experiments. Each experiment featured interactions between a perpetrator and a victim, ending with the perpetrator stealing the victim’s toy. In experiment 1 (N = 44), social dominance did not affect punishment or compensation overall, but older children compensated the dominant victim (but not the subordinate victim) less than younger children. In experiment 2 (N = 42), children compensated the poor victim more than the rich victim, but did not punish the rich perpetrator more than the poor perpetrator. In experiment 3 (N = 45), children compensated the victim with a good moral character more so than the victim with a bad moral character, and the victim’s moral character did not influence punishment. Altogether, these findings offer new insights on how children resort to compensation for victims as a complement to, rather than an alternative to, punishment.
The differential impact of face distractors on visual working memory across encoding and delay stages
Authors: Ye Chaoxiong , Xu Qianru , Pan Zhihu , Nie Qi-Yang , Qiang Liu
Published: December 2023

External distractions often occur when information must be retained in visual working memory (VWM)—a crucial element in cognitive processing and everyday activities. However, the distraction effects can differ if they occur during the encoding rather than the delay stages. Previous work on these effects used simple stimuli (e.g., color and orientation) rather than considering distractions caused by real-world stimuli on VWM. In the present study, participants performed a facial VWM task under different distraction conditions across the encoding and delay stages to elucidate the mechanisms of distraction resistance in the context of complex real-world stimuli. VWM performance was significantly impaired by delay-stage but not encoding-stage distractors (Experiment 1). In addition, the delay distraction effect arose primarily due to the absence of distractor processing at the encoding stage rather than because of the presence of a distractor during the delay stage (Experiment 2). Finally, the impairment in the delay distraction condition was not due to the abrupt appearance of distractors (Experiment 3). Taken together, these findings indicate that the processing mechanisms previously established for resisting distractions in VWM using simple stimuli can be extended to more complex real-world stimuli, such as faces.
Når spiritualitet blir kroppslig
Authors: Stokke Christian , Rodriguez Mira Cataya
Published: December 2023

Spiritual awakening is becoming a common phenomenon in alternative spiritual communities and is no longer exclusive to a small elite of religious saints and disciples. There is limited research on spiritual experiences outside religious contexts in the Nordic countries. While relevant theological research exists on religious experiences in Christian contexts, much of the research on alternative spirituality is based on outsider perspectives that miss out on the deeper psychological phenomena experienced by “spiritual, but not religious” individuals. This article is based on three qualitative interviews with individuals in contemporary spiritual communities in Norway who have experienced spontaneous spiritual awakenings and speak openly about this. Focus is on the experience of altered states of consciousness, intense feelings of love, and physical energies in the body, which lead to permanent psychological transformation. Starting with a review of relevant Norwegian and Swedish research in the field, we apply a theoretical approach drawn from humanistic and transpersonal psychology to make sense of our interviewees’ experiences, and then discuss how these cases of embodied spiritual transformation differ from religious conversion and are better understood in terms of psychological concepts of trauma healing, self-actualization and human potential.
For the Love of the Beloved
Authors: Otterbeck Jonas
Published: December 2023

Rock artist Peter Murphy (Bauhaus, Dali’s Car, solo) has drawn from Sufism in his lyrics since 1986. Throughout his career Murphy has been open about this but no one has analysed his lyrics before. This article illustrates and discusses how tropes from Sufi genres, such as poetry, hymns and tales, are reused and reformulated in the form of post-punk rock lyrics. Sufi tropes, combined with Murphy’s dramatic rock songs, empower him as a writer and enable him to create unusual, ambiguous, and dramatic lyrics. The songs rarely propagate Sufism; they are not Sufi songs and, indeed, are communicating primarily with an audience that cares little about his Sufi attachment. Nonetheless, by exposing the underlying Sufi frame his lyrics becomes more comprehensible. Murphy’s creatively carves out space for Sufism in a rock sub-culture otherwise know to flirt with nihilism. The article is accompanied by a Spotify playlist called "For the Love of the Beloved."
National character in the view of psychoanalysis
Authors:   Faculty of Political Theory, Thuongmai University, 79 Ho Tung Mau Street, Mai Dich Ward, Cau Giay District, Hanoi, Vietnam, Huong Nguyen Quynh , Hao Nguyen Vu ,   Faculty of Philosophy, University of Social Sciences and Humanities, Vietnam National University-Hanoi, 336 Nguyen Trai Street, Thanh Xuan Trung Ward, Thanh Xuan District, Hanoi, Vietnam
Published: December 2023

In the current context of globalization, alongside the prevailing trend, each nation-state still retains its distinctive national characteristics. These are the typical and unique features that each community contributes to the cultural heritage of humanity. In that sense, the character of each nation, expressing its identities and personalities, has always held a peculiar allure for researchers. However, national character is a rather nebulous concept, challenging to grasp, both relative and universal. Therefore, it remains an open concept, amenable to various approaches in psychology, sociology, ethnology, anthropology, value studies, and cultural studies. While psychoanalysis and national character may initially appear unrelated, national character is ultimately influenced by factors residing in the collective unconscious. Hence, if one seeks to discern the personality of a nation, psychoanalysis provides a promising avenue. From this perspective, the study of national character from a psychoanalytic standpoint can be considered quite unique and advantageous, deserving of attention. This article examines national character as a representation of a nation’s unique identity from a fresh psychoanalytic perspective, offering insights into the national character of various nations, including Vietnam.
A model of entrepreneurial intention of graduates in the Mekong river delta
Authors:   Department of Economics-Business Administration, An Giang University, Vietnam National University-Ho Chi Minh City, 18 Ung Van Khiem Street, Dong Xuyen Ward, Long Xuyen City, An Giang Province, Vietnam, Phuong Tran Thi My , Tu Phan Anh ,   School of Economics, Can Tho University, Campus II, 3/2 Street, Hung Loi Ward, Ninh Kieu District, Can Tho City, Vietnam
Published: December 2023

This article aims to investigate the determinants of the inclination of Mekong river delta (MRD) graduates towards entrepreneurship, with the purpose of providing viable solutions to authorities to enhance the efficacy of entrepreneurial endeavours. The analysis relied on primary data derived from a survey conducted in 2021, which involved 341 graduates from six provinces within the MRD. Various statistical techniques were employed to analyse the data, including the Cronbach’s Alpha test, exploratory factor analysis (EFA), and linear regression analysis. The findings reveal that the entrepreneurial intention of these graduates is positively influenced by a multitude of factors, such as behaviour control, subjective norms, attitude towards entrepreneurship, and perceived desirability, while being negatively impacted by the propensity to act. The study’s primary contribution is the provision of an updated and cohesive framework that enhances understanding of the entrepreneurial intention among graduates in the MRD. The author offers actionable recommendations for various stakeholders: policymakers, universities, entrepreneurs, and researchers.
COVID-19 Sürecindeki Uzaktan Eğitim Uygulamalarının Özel Eğitim Gerektiren Öğrencilerin Sosyal Beceri Gelişimlerine Etkisinin Özel Eğitim Öğretmenlerinin Görüşlerine Göre Belirlenmesi
Authors: Kara Nevzat , Nuri Cahit
Published: December 2023

Özel eğitim gerektiren öğrencilerin uzaktan eğitim programları neticesinde sosyal becerilerinde ne gibi gelişmeler veya gerileme olduğunun ortaya çıkarılması ve bu konu hakkında gerekli geliştirmelerin yapılıp önlemlerin alınması oldukça önemlidir. Bu çalışmada COVID-19 sürecindeki uzaktan eğitim uygulamalarının özel eğitim gerektiren öğrencilerin sosyal beceri gelişimlerine etkisinin özel eğitim öğretmenlerinin görüşlerine göre belirlenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Yapılan çalışma nitel araştırma yöntemlerinden olan fenomenolojik (Olgu bilim) çalışmasıdır. Araştırmanın çalışma grubunu 2021-2022 eğitim-öğretim yıllarında KKTC Milli Eğitim ve Kültür Bakanlığına bağlı devlet ilkokullarında çalışan 20 öğretmen oluşturmaktadır. Araştırmanın çalışma grubu, kolayda örnekleme ile belirlenmiştir. Yapılan araştırmada veri toplamak amacıyla araştırmacı tarafından hazırlanan formlar iki bölümden oluşmaktadır. İlk bölümde demografik bilgileri içeren 5 soru, ikinci bölümde ise öğretmenlerin COVID-19 pandemi dönemindeki uzaktan eğitime ilişkin görüşlerini içeren 7 soru olmak üzere toplamda 12 soru yer almıştır. Veriler betimsel analiz yöntemiyle analiz edilmiştir. Analiz sonucunda 7 tema ve 26 alt tema oluşmuştur. Elde edilen sonuçlara göre COVID-19 pandemi sürecinde gerçekleştirilen uzaktan eğitim sürecinde özel eğitim uygulamalarının sosyal beceri gelişiminde kısmen etkili olduğu görülmektedir. Her ne kadar uzaktan eğitim sosyal beceri gelişiminde tam anlamıyla etkili olamasa da bunları geliştirmenin mümkün olduğu belirtilmiştir. Özellikle aile katılımının sağlanması ve öğretmen-aile iş birliğiyle sosyal beceri gelişimine katkı sağlanabildiği sonucuna ulaşılmıştır. Araştırma grubundaki öğretmenlerin büyük çoğunluğu tablet ve bilgisayar gibi uzaktan eğitime bağlanacakları teknolojiden yoksun olunduğunu, ayrıca internet alt yapısının yetersiz olmasının uzaktan eğitimdeki önemli eksiklikler olduğunu bildirmiştir. Ayrıca aile ile iletişim kurmada zorluk ve ailenin uzaktan eğitim sürecine dahil edilememesi, sosyal beceri eğitiminde uygulama imkanının olmamasının da önemli eksiklikler olduğu dile getirilmiştir. Aile ile yeterli iş birliğinin sosyal beceri gelişimine destek sağlayacağı düşünülürken, okul yöneticilerinin öğretmenleri desteklemesi ve sistematik bir şekilde planlamanın, velilerin ise öğrenciye destek olmasının önemli olduğu belirtilmiştir.
HAFTALIK ÇOCUK GAZETESİ TOMURCUK (MUHTEVA İNCELEMESİ VE DİZİN)
Authors: TANYILDIZ Serap
Published: December 2023

Ülkemizde çocuklara yönelik süreli yayıncılığın yaklaşık yüz elli yıllık bir geçmişi vardır. İlk çocuk gazetesi Mümeyyiz’den günümüze kadar çeşitli içerik ve formatlarda yayımlanmış olan çocuk dergi ve gazeteleri bulunmaktadır. Günümüzde ise dijitalleşmenin sağladığı olanaklarla imkânlar artmıştır. Çocuk yayıncılığı bundan yararlanarak zengin görsel malzeme ile beslenmekte ve çeşitli mecralarda yoluna devam etmektedir. Bu yazıda değerlendireceğimiz Tomurcuk da 1978-1980 arasında yayın yapmış bir çocuk gazetesidir. Millî ve manevî değerleri çocuklara aşılamak amacıyla çıkarılmış olan Tomurcuk, iki yıllık sürede sadece 21 sayı basılabilmiştir. Çalışmamızda gazetenin tarihçesi ve muhtevası değerlendirildikten sonra açıklamalı dizinine yer verilecektir.
Türk Tiyatro Tarihi Açısından Necdet Mahfi Ayral’ın Meydan Mecmuasındaki Yazıları
Authors: ÖZTÜRK Yakup , KIR Rukiye
Published: December 2023

Necdet Mahfi Ayral (1908-2004) Türk tiyatro ve sinema oyuncusudur. Darülbedayi dönemi Türk tiyatrosunun sonuna yetişmiştir. Muhsin Ertuğrul’un onayı ile tiyatroya kabul edilmiştir. 1932’de Yedi Köyün Zeynep’i oyunu ile ilk defa sahneye çıkmıştır. Birbirinden önemli projelerde çalışmıştır. Sadece tiyatro ile yetinmemiş kamera karşısına geçerek sinema filmlerinde de yer almıştır. Uzun yıllar sinemada Muhsin Ertuğrul’un asistanlığını yapmıştır. Dublaj sanatında da kendisinden söz ettirmiştir. 1968’de sanat hayatının otuz altıncı yılında kendisi için jübile gecesi tertip edilmiştir. Türk Tiyatrosu dergisi bu gecenin hatırasına Necdet Mahfi Ayral Özel Sayısı yayımlamıştır. Necdet Mahfi Ayral, sahne ve oyunculuk ile irtibatını sürdüğü sırada zengin sayılacak bir arşiv de kurmuştur. Elindeki malzemenin İstanbul Belediyesi Şehir Tiyatroları’nın arşivinden daha zengin olduğunu söylemiştir. Emekliliği sonrasında Meydan mecmuasında düzenli olarak “Tiyatro Sohbeti” üstbaşlığı ile yazılar kaleme almıştır. Bu makalede Ayral’ın söz konusu dergideki yazılarından hareketle onun Türk tiyatro tarihine katkıları tespit edilmiştir. Çalışmada Ayral’ın biyografisi ve sanat hayatı da sunulmuştur. Onun ardından yazılarında adı geçen ve haklarında bilgi verdiği sanatçıların biyografik cepheleri bu çalışmaya alınmıştır. Tiyatro sanatçısının sahip olması gereken özellikler ya da sanatçının uzak durması gereken davranışlar da Ayral’ın yazılarında öne çıktığı için bu makalede bunlara da yer verilmiştir. Türk tiyatrosuna hizmet etmiş farklı tiyatro hareketlilikleri, kurumlar ve kuruluşlar da Ayral’ın yazılarından hareketle bir tasnif dahilinde bu çalışmada öne çıkarılmıştır. Necdet Mahfi Ayral, Türk tiyatrosuna öncelikle aktör olarak hizmet etmiş ancak yaşadıklarını yazarak özellikle kendi kuşağını kayda geçirmiştir. Hatıra üslubunda kaleme alınan bu yazıların oldukça dağınık bir kompozisyonda olduğunu ve Ayral’ın oyun eleştirmenliğinin teorik bir zeminden yoksun, duyguya dayalı kaldığını da ifade etmek gerekir.