bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Die Cardenolide von Gongronema gazense (S. MOORE) BULLOCK. Zweite Mitteilung. Glykoside und Aglykone, 247. Mitteilung
Authors: Lewbart M. L. , Wehrli W. , Kaufmann H. , Reichstein T.
Published: December 2004

Die Teilsynthese von 3‐epi‐Sarmentogenin aus Sarmentogenin wird beschrieben. Die Struktur der Glykoside C, E, G, L, M und R aus Gongronema gazense wird weitgehend abgeklärt. Sie besitzen folgende Zusammensetzung: C = Sarmentogenin‐triscymarosid (VII), E = Sarmentogenin‐bis‐cymarosid (VIII), G = Sarmentogenin‐biscymarosido‐digitoxosid (X), L = Periplogenin‐cymarosido‐digitoxosid (XIII), M = Sarmentogenin‐cymarosido‐digitoxosid (XI) und R = Sarmentogenin‐oleandrosidobis‐digitoxosid (XVI). Durch partielle Hydrolyse von C liess sich E sowie das noch unbekannte Sarmentogenin‐cymarosid (IX) gewinnen, aus G entstand analog M und das ebenfalls neue Sarmentogenin‐digitoxosid (XII), aus L das bekannte Periplogenindigitoxosid (XIV) und aus R neben XI1 das nur papierchromatographisch nachgewiesene Sarmentogenin‐bis‐digitoxosid XVII. — In diesen Glykosiden sind die Zucker nur papierchromatographisch und durch Dünnschichtchromatographie identifiziert worden. Es ist demnach nicht bewiesen, ob D‐ oder I.‐Formen vorliegen. Die Reihenfolge der Zucker ist gut gesichert, die Art der Verknüpfung derselben (α‐ oder β‐glykosidisch, pyranosidisch oder furanosidisch) aber nur fur die Monoglykoside.
Über die Autoxydation des Strophanthidins (3. Teil) Abbau von 10 β‐Hydroxy‐19‐norperiplogenin zu Östron. 51. Mitteilung über Herglzkoside
Authors: Von Wartburg Albert
Published: December 2004

By systematic degradation 10β‐hydroxy‐19‐norperiplogenin (I), a rearrangement product of strophanthidin, has been transformed into 10β‐hydroxy‐19‐norandrostane derivatives (XI1 and XIV) and estrone (XIII). The correlation with these steroid hormones of well known structure confirms the exact position and the β‐orientation of the tertiary OH group at C‐10 in 10β‐hydroxy‐19‐norperiplogenin (I).
Ein Verfahren zur quantitativen Isolierung reiner Sphingomyeline aus Menschen‐ und Rattenhirn
Authors: Hausheer L. , Pedersen W. , Bernhard Karl
Published: December 2004

A chromatographic method for the isolation of sphingomyelines from human and rat brain is reported. After isolation of the total lipids we first separate lecithine and sphingomyeline, on a silicagel column. Afterwards lecithine is split by transesterification with sodium methoxide. The cleavage products are separated from sphingomyeline on a silicagel column. Sphingomyeline is then purified on an alumina column. It shows an N: P relation of 2:1, is free of carbohydrates and ester linkages and can be obtained in a yield of 87%.
Weitere Beiträge zur Neurochemie: Die Inkorporation von [1‐14C]‐Propionat in die Fettsäuren der Gehirn‐Cerebroside
Authors: Pedersen W. , Hausheer L. , Bernhard Karl
Published: December 2004

Nach intracerebraler Injektion von radioaktivem Propionat an Katten wiesen aus den Cerebrosiden isolierte Tricosan‐ und Hydroxytricosansäure hohe, alle übrigen Fettsäuren nur geringfügige Aktivitäten auf. Die Beteiligung der Propionsäure am Aufbau der ungeradzahligen Fettsäuren des Gehirns kommt damit deutlich zum Ausdruck.
Eine partikelgebundene Transfer‐Ribonucleinsäure aus Rattenleber
Authors: Hicklin A. , Leuthardt F.
Published: December 2004

Incubation of microsonics with the supernatant of pH−5‐enzymes is as active in incorporating amino‐acids into proteins (controlled by use of leucin‐[14C]) as incubation with the usual system, which is supplied with pH−5‐enzymes. Since the supernatant of pH−5‐enzymes does not contain any soluble ribonucleic acid (sRNA), all the le∼ciri‐[14C] found in nucleic acids must be hound to microsonial KNA. The behaviour of the isolated microsomal KNA on Sephadex G 75, and of the ribonuclease digest in paper electrophoresis, confirms our suggestion of the presence of an active sRNA fraction in microsomes and ribosomes.
Über die UV.‐Absorption acylierter Amide und Harnstoffe. 1. Mitteilung über chemische Struktur und UV.‐Spektroskopie. 1. Mitteilung über Struktur und Reaktivität heterocyclischer Verbindungen
Authors: Leemann H. G. , Stich K. , Gmünder J. , Lindenmann A.
Published: December 2004

Using ultra‐violet absorption spectroscopy below 210 mμ it becomes possible to characterize amide chromophores. The present short communication shows that open chain amides and ureas absorb at shorter wave‐lengths than the corresponding cyclic representatives, and that UV. absorption measurements also yield an indication of the degree of acylation in the amide function.
Tautomerieverhältnisse bei Hydroxyacyl‐cyclopeptiden. 2. Mitteilung über chemische Struktur und UV.‐Spektroskopie
Authors: Stich K. , Leemam H. G.
Published: December 2004

The present paper shows that it is possible to elucidate the tautomerism in the case of hydroxyacyl‐cyclopeptides (open forms‐cyclols‐large rings) with the aid of absorption measurements in the far ultra‐violet spectral range.
Über die Steroidoxydase von Fusarium lini (BOLLEY). 9. Mitteilung über Reaktionen mit Mikroorganismen
Authors: Weiss‐Berg E. , Tamm Ch.
Published: December 2004

It has been shown that only a single, relatively unspecific steroid‐oxydase is responsible for both the l2β‐hydroxylation of digitoxigenin and the 15 α‐hydroxylation of deoxycorticosterone by growing cultures of Fusarium lini (BOLLEY). The position of the enzymatic attack is determined by the stereochemistry of the steroid skeleton of the substrate. The transformation of digitoxigenin is much slower than that of deoxycorticosterone. The presence of deoxycorticosterone enhances the oxygenation of digitoxigenin. On the other hand the hydroxylation of deoxycorticosterone is retarded by digitoxigenin.
Welkstoffe und Antibiotika. 27. Mitteilung. Über induzierte Abwehrstoffe bei Orchideen II
Authors: Hardegger E. , Schellenbaum M. , Corrodi H.
Published: December 2004

Biologische Versuche zeigten, dass unter dem Einfluss gewisser Krankheitserreger in Orchideenknollen Abwehrstoffe produziert werden. Am Beispiel der Orchis militayis L. und des Krankheitserregers Rhizoctonia repens BERX. wurde gezeigt, dass offenbar als einziger Abwehrstoff Orchinol C16H16O3 neben dem biologisch p‐aktiven p‐Hydroxybenzylalkohol entsteht; beide Verbindungen, die sich in minimalen Mengen nachweisen liessen, waren in gesunden Pflanzen nicht enthalten. Die Orchidee Loyoglossurn hircinurn L. erzeugt kein Orchinol sondern andere Abwehrstoffe gegen Rhizcxtonia repens. Aus infizierten Loroglossum‐Knollen konnte eine biologisch inaktive, dem Orchinol isomere und strukturell nahestehende Verbindung C16H16O3, welche als Loroglossol bezeichnet wurde, isoliert werden.
Synthese der racemischen und optisch aktiven Formen des 16α‐Strychindols; chemische Ableitung der absoluten Konfiguration des Strychnins. 56. Mitteilung über Curare‐Alkaloide
Authors: Nagarajan K. , Weissmann Ch. , Schmid H. , Karrer P.
Published: December 2004

In früheren Mitteilungen wurde der Abbau von Strychnin über 19,20‐Dihydro‐strychnin (11) zu 3‐Hydroxy‐l6β‐strychindol (VI) beschrieben. VI wurde nun in (−)−16α‐Strychindol((−)‐VII) umgewandelt, das von den sieben Asymmetriezentren in II nurmehr deren drei mit bekannter relativer Konfiguration enthalt.
Basische Derivate des 4,5,6‐Trimethoxyindols und des 3,4,5‐Trimethoxyphenols
Authors: Carlsson A. , Corrodi H. , Magnusson T.
Published: December 2004

4,5,6‐Trimethoxy‐N, N‐dimethyl‐tryptamin (XI) und zwei dem Mescalin nahe‐stehende Verbindungen, β‐(3,4,5‐Trimethoxyphenoxy)‐äthyl‐amin (VI) und β‐(3,4,5‐Trimethoxyphenoxy)‐äthyl‐dimethylamin (III), wurden synthetisiert. Keine der drei Substanzen zeigte in vorläufigen Humanversuchen psychotrope Aktivität.
Zur Kenntnis der Chemie einfacher Furenidone. (« β‐Hydroxyfurane»)
Authors: Rosenkranz Ruth Ellen , Allner Kurt , Good R. , v. Philipsborn W. , Eugster C. H.
Published: December 2004

Durch cheinische und spektroskopische (UV., IR., NMR.) Untersuchung β‐hydro‐xylierter Furane wird gezeigt, dass solche Stoffe im allgemeinen als α, β‐ungesättigte Ketone (Δ2‐Furenidone) vorliegen. Sie zeigen keine Neigung zur Enolisation, ausser wenn ihnen die Moglichkeit zur Ausbildung intramolekularer Wasserstoffbrücken gegeben ist. Reine Enolformen kommen bei Isomaltol vor. Sie entstehen nur dann, wenn der Chelatring eine energetisch besonders giinstige Protonenlage ausbilden kann, wekhe durch eine Elektronenverteilung mit hoher Symmetrie gekennzeichnet ist («Idealtautomerie»).
Welkstoffe und Antibiotika. 28. Mitteilung. Synthese von 2,4‐Dimethoxy‐6‐hydroxy‐phenanthren und Konstitution des Orchinols
Authors: Hardegger E. , Biland H. R. , Corrodi H.
Published: December 2004

Für Orchinol, einen induzierten Abwehrstoff aus Orchideen, kamen nach friiheren Arbeiten nur die Konstitutionsforrneln I oder I1 in Frage. Die Synthese von 2,4‐Di‐methoxy‐6‐hydroxy‐phenanthren (XIV) und dessen Methyläther XIVa und der Vergleich dieser Verbindungen rnit Dehydro‐orchinol und Dehydro‐orchinol‐methyl‐äther zeigte die Verschiedenheit der synthetischen und der aus Orchinol hergestellten Präparate. Orchinol hat demnach die Konstitution des 2,4‐Dimethoxy‐7‐hydroxy‐9,10‐dihydro‐phenanthrens (II).
Mikrowellenspektrum, Dipolmoment und Struktur von Cyclobutanon
Authors: Bauder A. , Tank F. , Günthard Hs. H.
Published: December 2004

The microwave spectra of cyclobutanone and of three isotopically substituted cyclobutanone molecules have been measured and the rotational constants determined. From the observation of the Stark effect it could be concluded that the four‐membered carbon ring must be planar. Further it was possible to calculate the structure of cyclobutanone from the moments of inertia, with only one arbitrary assumption. Stark effect measurements yielded a value of 2,98 D for the dipole moment of cyclobutanone.
Synthese eines Tetracosapeptides mit hoher corticotroper Wirksamkeit: β1–24‐Corticotropin
Authors: Schwyzer R. , Kappeler H.
Published: December 2004

The synthesis of the tetracosapeptide β1–24‐corticotropin, containing the N‐terminal 24 amino‐acid residues of β‐corticotropin (ACTH)2), is described in detail. Many intermediates, including derivatives of the decapeptide β1–10‐corticotropin and of the tetradecapeptide β11–24‐corticotropin, were obtained in the cristalline state. A new scheme for the protection of amino and carboxyl groups in the side chains of amino‐acid residues was developed: this led to a blocked tetracosapeptide II which contains only protective groups derived from t‐butanol. These may be removed quantitatively, without formation of side‐products. β1–24‐Corticotropin (I) is thus obtained directly in an analytically pure state; [α]25 = − 88,6 ± 2° (c = 0,5 in 1 per cent acetic acid). The biological activity of the product was found to be 106 ± 14 USP‐U/mg (ACTH). It is equally active on intravenous application in human beings.
Synthesen in der Depsipetid‐Reihe. 2. Mitteilung. Synthese von Enniatin A
Authors: Quitt P. , Studer R. O. , Vogler K.
Published: December 2004

A cyclic hexadepsipeptide containing alternatively N‐methyl‐L‐isoleucine and D‐α‐hydroxy‐isovaleric acid (Fig. 1) has been synthesized. It proved to be identical with Enniatin A, a microbiologically active metabolite isolated in 1947 from Fusarium oxysporum SCHLECHT.
Regel zur Abschätzung der Aciditätskonstanten von Cyclohexancarbonsäuren
Authors: Sommer P. F. , Pascual C. , Arya V. P. , Simon W.
Published: December 2004

A simple rule for the estimation of acidity constants of cyclohexane‐carboxylic acids is given. It may be used in the determination of the structure and conformation of these acids.
Zur Struktur des Betanidins. 6. (vorläufige) Mitteilung. Über die Konstitution des Randenfarbstoffes Betanin
Authors: Wyler H. , Mabry T. J. , Dreiding Andre S.
Published: December 2004

A choice between structures I and III for betanidin is now possible in favour of I on the basis of the formation of a well‐characterized di‐O‐acetylderivative (II). The instability of betanidin and its ready transformation into other products at elevated pH's are shown to be due to its sensitivity to atmospheric oxygen. Betanidin and Isobetanidin have the same (namely S) configuration at C‐2 and may differ only in the configuration at C‐15. A possible biogenetic path is proposed.
Kristallisation einer Aldolase aus Kaninchenleber
Authors: Göschke H. , Leuthardt F.
Published: December 2004

Es wird die Darstellung kristallisierter Aldolase aus Kaninchenleber unter ausschliesslicher Verwendung von Aussalzen durch Ammoniumsulfat beschrieben.
Odeur et constitution XXI. Synthèses d'aldéhydes β‐éthyléniques cis. II
Authors: Winter M.
Published: December 2004

The authors describe a new general synthesis of cis‐β‐ethylene aldehydes: the alkylation of 1‐methoxy‐1‐buten‐3‐yne to 1‐methoxy‐1‐alken‐3‐ynes followed by addition of methanol produces 1,1‐dimethoxy‐3‐alkynes. The catalytical reduction of these compounds to 1,1‐dimethoxy‐3‐alkenes followed by mild acidic hydrolysis yields cis‐β‐ethylene aldehydes.
Photochemische Reaktionen. 24. Mitteilung. Die UV.‐Bestrahlung von Testosteron und 3‐Oxo‐17β‐acetoxy‐Δ1;5‐androstadien. (Vorläufige Mitteilung)
Authors: Nann B. , Gravel D. , Schorta R. , Wehrli H. , Schaffner K. , Jeger O.
Published: December 2004

1. The photochemical reactivity of testosterone (1) is strongly influenced by the nature of the solvent. Dimerization (→18), pinacone formation (→19)), reactions between the steroid and the solvent molecules (→20a, 20b, 21) and stereospecific isomerizations (→2, 4) are observed.
Protonenresonanzspektren alkylsubstituierter Azulene und ihrer konjugaten Säuren
Authors: Meuche Doris , Molloy B. B. , Reid D. H. , Heilbronner E.
Published: December 2004

The NMR. spectra of the five monomethylazulenes and of some polysubstituted azulenes, as well as those of their conjugate acids (azulenium cations), are recorded. It is shown that protonation of azulenes lacking C2v symmetry leads to a tautomeric equilibrium of two conjugate acids. The position of this tautomeric equilibrium is in essential agreement with the one previously predicted from the UV. spectra on the basis of a MO treatment.
Untersuchungen über die Plastein‐Reaktion, VI. Einfluss der Kettenlänge und der Endgruppen des Monomeren auf die Kondensierbarkeit
Authors: Determann Helmut , Bonhard Klaus , Köhler Rudolf , Wieland Theodor
Published: December 2004

Hexa‐, penta‐ and tetra‐peptides of similar composition bearing aromatic acminoacids on both ends are active in the plastein reaction. Analogous tri‐ and di‐peptides, however, do not polymerize in the presence of pepsin. Substitution by alanine of the amino‐end standing tyrosine in the pentapeptide did not affect its ability to form plasteinm whereas the same substitution at the carboxy‐end caused inactivity. No correspondence exists in peptides between pK values of the acidic and basic end groups and reactivity in plastein formation. Other structural features seem therefore to be responsible.
Fluoreszierende Stoffe aus Rhodnius prolixus Stål (Hemiptera, Heteroptera) Ein neues Kynureninderivat: 3‐Hydroxykynurenin‐schwefelsäureester = Rhodnitin
Authors: Viscontini M. , Schmid H.
Published: December 2004

Neben Erythropterin, Lepidopterin, Isoxanthopterin und Kynurenin wurde aus Rhodnius prolixus STÅL ein Schwefelsäureester des 3‐Hydroxykynurenins isoliert. Für diesen neuen Naturstoff schlagen wir den Namen Rhodnitin vor.
Über die Chemie des Vitamins E. 5. Mitteilung. Die Synthese von rac. all‐trans‐ζ1‐ und‐ϵ‐Tocopherol
Authors: Schudel P. , Mayer H. , Metzger J. , Rüegg R. , Isler O.
Published: December 2004

The synthesis of racemic all‐trans‐ζ1‐ (I) and ‐ϵ‐tocopherol (II) is described. Comparison with the corresponding natural specimens proved the all‐trans‐configuration of the side chain of ζ1‐and ϵ‐tocopherol isolated from wheat bran.
Anorganische Dünnschicht‐Chromatographie. 8. Mitteilung. Trennung von cis‐trans‐isomeren Kobaltkomplexen
Authors: Seiler H. , Biebricher Chr. , Erlenmeyer H.
Published: December 2004

Thin‐layer chromatography is shown to be suitable for the separation of cis‐trans isomeric Co complexes.
Solvolyse von 2‐(α‐Chlorbenzyl)‐chinuclidin. Zur Kenntnis der Heterocinchonin‐Umlagerung. Chinuclidin‐Reihe, 7. Mitteilung
Authors: Braschler V. , Grob C. A. , Kaiser A.
Published: December 2004

Reaction rate and hydrolysis products of 2‐(α‐chlorobenzyl)‐quinuclidine (13b) provide no evidence for the participation of the quinuclidine nitrogen in the ionisation step of this unusual β‐haloamine. Furthermore, no product derived from a «hetero‐cinchonine rearrangement» was isolated.
Recherches sur la biochimie des cyclitols VIII. Sur la biosynthèse du méso‐inositol et du scyllitol chez le Rat
Authors: Posternak Th. , Schopfer W. H. , Kaufmann‐Boetsch Brigitte , Edwards Susi
Published: December 2004

Nous avons étudié chez le Rat la biosynthèse du ms‐inositol à partir des glucoses‐[1‐14C], [2‐1414C] et [6‐14C] et du glucose uniformément marqué. Dans nos conditions d'expériences, on constate des difféRences d'incorporation de radioactivité qui sont discutées. L'inforporation est beaucoup plus faible à partir d'acétates‐[1‐14C] et [2‐14C].
Über eine homolytische Wasserstoffverschiebung in einem Cyclohexanring. Über Steroide, 201. Mitteilung
Authors: Heusler K. , Kalvoda J.
Published: December 2004

The homolytic cleavage of the 5,6‐bond initiated by treatment of 3β,20β‐di‐acetoxy‐6α‐methyl‐6β‐hydroxy‐5α‐pregnane with lead tetraacetate is followed by a transannular homolytic hydrogen transfer from C‐1 to C‐5, rotation of ring A around the C‐9/C‐10 bond and recyclisation to a pregnane with an inverted 10‐methyl group. The rearranged product has been converted into 6α‐methyl‐10α‐progesterone, which was then transformed into its 1‐dehydro derivative. The course of the reaction was investigated by specific deuterium labelling.
Massenspektren organischer Verbindungen. 2. Mitteilung. Cyclohexanone
Authors: Seibl Josef , Gäumann Tino
Published: December 2004

The mass spectra of cyclohexanone, the mono‐ and dimethylcyclohexanones, 2,4,6‐ and 3,4,5‐trimethylcyclohexanone and their 2,6‐deuterated analogs are presented. In addition 3,5‐d4‐ and 4‐d2‐cyclohexanone, 3,5‐d4‐ and 4‐d2‐2‐methyl‐cyclohexanone and 2‐(d3‐methyl)‐cyclohexanone are synthesized and their mass spectra determined. High resolution techniques and labelling with 18O are employed to differentiate between oxygen containing fragments and those consisting of C and H only in the spectra of all nondeuterated and some of the deuterated compounds. The fragmentation of these ketones under electron impact is discussed in detail in terms of breakdown mechanisms. Appearance potentials of the principal fragments of cyclohexanone are determined.
Die Cardenolide der Samen von Mallotus philippinensis (LAM.) MÜLL.‐ARG. (= Rottlera tinctoria ROXB.). Glykoside und Aglykone, 252. Mitteilung
Authors: Roberts K. D. , Weiss Ek. , Reichstein T.
Published: December 2004

The seeds of Mallotus philippinensis (Lam.) Muell.‐Arg. were found to contain 4 cardenolides (A, B, C and D) after fermentation. Two new glycosides, C and D, were obtained in crystalline form and were shwon to be corotoxigenin‐rhamnoside and coroglaucigenin‐rhamnoside respectively. The minor constituents A and B were identified as corotoxigenin and coroglaucigenin after paper chromatography.
Einfluss langfristiger Oxytetracyclin‐Fütterung auf den Lipidgehalt und die Fettsäurezusammensetzung der Ratte
Authors: Ritzel Günther , Wagner Heribert
Published: December 2004

Feeding Oxytetracycline in high doses to rats for 26 months results in a distinctly elevated body weight. This increase depends on enhanced endogenous synthesis of triglycerides. Furthermore the organs are enlarged by tissue formation.
Contribution à l'analyse des chromates du ciment
Authors: Brun R.
Published: December 2004

Il est démontré que le ciment contient beaucoup plus de chrome hexavalent qu'on ne le pensait jusqu'à présent. En effet, l'analyse classique basée sur une extraction à l'eau ne permet de doser qu'une partie des chromates (chromates «libres»); en plus de ceux‐ci le ciment contient une proportion variable et importante (2 à 20 fois plus) de chromates adsorbés, que l'on peut éluer an moyen de sulfate de sodium à 20%. Les résultats de l'analyse de 29 échantillons de ciment par la nouvelle méthode et la méthode classique sont donnés.
Beitrag zur Analytik des α‐Tocopherols
Authors: Vuilleumier J. P. , Brubacher G. , Kalivoda M.
Published: December 2004

A method for the assay of α‐tocopherol in food and feed is described, and several results for the α‐tocopherol content of feed ingredients are given.
Recherches sur la formation et la transformation des esters IL. Sur la préparation de monoesters phosphoreux d'amino‐alcools et d'alcools supérieurs, et sur leur vitesse de scission à différents pH
Authors: Cherbuliez Emile , Čolak‐Antić Sl. , Weber G. , Rabinowitz J.
Published: December 2004

Phosphorous monoesters of amino alcohols are obtained by heating equimolecular amounts of phosphorous acid and the corresponding amino alcohol at 150–200°, under reduced pressure.
Volumetrische Bestimmung von Silicium
Authors: Bartels H. , Erlenmeyer H.
Published: December 2004

A volumetric determination of silicon is described.
Sur la séparation des terres rares XI. Systèmes de solubilité binaires et ternaires comprenant des nitrates des terres cériques
Authors: Brunisholz G. , Quinche J. P. , Kalo Abdel Magid
Published: December 2004

The solubility polytherms of the binary systems R(NO3)3‐H2O (R = La, Ce, Pr, Nd and Sm) have been established between 0° and 50°. The nitrate hexahydrates of lanthanum and cerium are not isotypic with the corresponding salts of the other membres of the rare earth group. This fact is responsible for the solubility anomaly already discovered by QUILL and ROBEY(Ce(NO3)3,6H2O is the most soluble salt of series) and for the miscibility gap occurring in the solid phases of the systems comprising the two types of the rare earth nitrate hexahydrates. Five ternary systems have been investigated at various temperatures, using a new technique which yields homogeneous mixed cristals.
Méthode de dosage ampérométrique rapide de submicro‐, micro‐et macro‐quantités de calcium et de magnésium en présence l'un de l'autre
Authors: Monnier D. , Rouèche A.
Published: December 2004

Une méthode de dosage ampérométrique du calcium et du magnésium, en présence l'un de l'autre, est proposée. Le calcium est titré par une solution d'EGTA, puis le magnesium, par une solution d'EDTA. Un circuit ampérométrique (E =0,02 V) permet de déterminer les points équivalents, grâce au fait qu'un courant anodique provenant de l'oxydation du mercure se produit en présence d'un excits resp. d'EGTA et d'EDTA. Par cette méthode il est possible de doser avec une bonne précision jusqu' á 0,01,μg/ml de magnésium en présence de 0,01 mg/ml de calcium et 0,01 μ/ml de calcium en présence de 0,01 mg/ml de magnésium. Une étude statistique de la précision et de l'exactitude de la méthode pour diverses concentrations de ces éléments a été faite. La sélectivité de la méthode a été étudiée et des courbes de polarisation ont été établies. Cette méthode est applicable au dosage Ca‐Mg dans le sérum, l'urine, les eaux et divers autres échantillons.
Organische Phosphorverbindungen. XI. Arylierung von PSCl3 in Gegenwart von Friedel‐Crafts‐Aktivatoren. Ein neues Verfahren zur Darstellung von Thiophosphoäure‐dihalogeniden, Thiophosphinsäurehalogeniden und tertiären Phosphinsulfiden
Authors: Maier Ludwig
Published: December 2004

The reaction of benzene, toluene, chlorobcnzene, trimethoxybenzene, hexyl‐ toluene, methyl p‐anisate, thiophene, and furfurol with thiophosphorus trihalides, thiophosphonic dichlorides and thiophosphinic chlorides in the presence of FRIEDEL CRAFTS activators has been studied. The preparation of thiophosphonic dihalides, RPSX2, (R=C6H5, ClC6H4, FC6H4, CH3, C6H4; X=C1, Br), thiophosphinic halides, RR′PSCl (R, R′ =C6H5, ClC6H4, FC6H4, CH3C6H4, C6H13, C6H3CH3; R =C6H5, R′=CH,; X = C1, Br), as well as of tertiary phosphine sulfides, RR′R″S (R, R′R″= C6H5, ClC6H4, CH3C6H4, C6H13, C6H3CH3; R =CH3, R′R″=C6H5, and R =CH3, R′=C2H5, R″=C6H6) is described. Some reactions of tertiary phosphine sulfides are also reported.
Die Solvolyse von α‐Bromstyrolen Substitution am ungesättigten trigonalen Kohlenstoffatom
Authors: Grob C. A. , Cseh G.
Published: December 2004

In ‘80%’ ethanol the or‐bromostyrenes 5a‐5d undergo unimolecular solvolysis to the corresponding acetophenones. In addition to acetophenone, α‐bromostyrene itself yields a minor amount of phenylacetylene. The p‐amino, p‐methoxy and p‐ acetamido derivatives 5b‐5c react 108, 104 and 103 times as fast, respectively, as the unsubstituted compound 5a, the rates being insensitive to 1‐5 equivalents of triethyl‐ amine. Furthermore, 5a and 5c show electrophilic catalysis by silver ion. A two‐step ionisation mechanism involving a digonal carbonium ion (p‐R‐C6H4C=CH2)+ is thus indicated.
Die Acidität des Hydrogensulfidions HS−
Authors: Widmer M. , Schwarzenbach G.
Published: December 2004

The acidity of the HS− anion is considerably smaller than had been concluded in the extensive investigations of 1946 to 1950. The results obtained 40 years earlier are much nearer the truth. The two pK values of H, S in 1MKC1 and at 20°C are 6,88 ± 0,02 and 14,15 ±0,05.
Sur la structure des terpénylphénols obtenus en condensant le camphène avec le phénol, et celle de leurs dérivés hydrogénés à odeur boisée
Authors: Demole Edouard
Published: December 2004

The mixture obtained from the well‐known BF3‐catalyzed condensation of camphene and phenol contains at least nine terpeno‐phenols. The major components are o‐ (p‐) (2,2, exo‐3‐trimethyl‐exo‐5‐norbornyl)‐phenols, accompanied by some o‐ (p‐) (exo‐2‐borny1)‐phenols and smaller amounts of o‐ (p‐) (1,3,3‐trimethyl‐exo‐6‐norborny1)‐ phenols. Further, very small amounts (>1%) of the three corresponding meta‐substituted phenols also occur in the condensation mixture. On catalytic hydrogenation, these m‐isomers lead to 3‐terpenyl‐cyclohexanols characterized by a powerful odour of sandalwood. Most surprisingly, the 2‐ and 4‐terpenyl‐cyclo‐hexanols obtained in the same way from the o‐ and p‐terpenyl‐phenols are almost odourless. The sandalwood odour appears, therefore, to be highly characteristic of the 3‐substituted cyclohexanols, and this fact has been conclusively verified by the unambiguous synthesis of the axial and equatorial epimers of 3‐(2,2, exo‐3‐trimethyl‐exo‐5‐norbornyl)‐cyclohexanol.
Aminométhoxypyridines er sulfanilanides correspondants
Authors: Urban R. , Schnider O.
Published: December 2004

Es wurde eine Anzahl im Pyridinkern substituierter 2‐, 3‐ und 4‐Sulfanilamidopyridine dargestellt, insbesondere alle noch unbekannten Monomethoxy‐Derivate. Die Herstellung der als Ausgangsprodukte dienenden Aminopyridine, soweit sie neu sind, wird beschrieben.
Odeur et constitution XXII. Les cis‐ et trans‐p‐menthènes‐8
Authors: Thomas Alan F. , Stoll M.
Published: December 2004

Pure cis‐ and trans‐p‐menth‐8‐ene are described. Only trans‐P‐menth‐8‐ene possesses the orange odour of limonene.
Etude de l'évolution du propanal et du butanal en milieu aqueux alcalin à température peu élevée
Authors: Blanc Pierre‐Yves , Perret Adrien , Teppa Franco
Published: December 2004

La réaction fondamentale qui caractérise l'évolution du propanal et celle du butanal sous l'action de solutions aqueuses alcalines à 80‐100°est l'allongement de chaîne par aldolisations linéaires, mettant successivement à contribution jusqu'à quatre molécules d'aldéhyde initial. Les composés formés subissent en grande partie, au cours de la réaction, une déshydratation plus ou moins complète qui porte d'abord sur l'hydroxyle le plus rapprochée de la fonction carbonyle.
Strahlungschemie der Kohlenwasserstoffe. 12. Mitteilung. Benzol‐Toluol und deuterierte Verbindungen
Authors: Hoigne Jürg , Gäumann Tino
Published: December 2004

Further information on the radiation chemistry of aromatic liquids has been obtained by a detailed analysis applied mainly to the dimeric products formed by the gamma irradiation of mixtures of benzeneltoluene and their deutero‐compounds (benzene‐d6toluene‐d0 and benzene‐d0/toluene‐α‐d3). The diphenylmethane‐type of molecules are not formed by a reaction of dehydroaromatic species (benzyne). The different products are generally produced according the expected mixture law when corrections for the competing chemical reactions are allowed for. In the perdeutero‐benzenel/toluene system however an energy transfer from benzene‐d6, to toluene must be postulated to explain the yields obtained. The isomer distribution of the three phenyltoluenes can be compared with the statistical values.
Versuche zur Berechnung Kinetischer Isotopeneffekte I: Eine einfache Methode zur Berechnung der Schwingungsfrequenzen von Molekeln und Übergangszuständen und ihre Anwendung auf die Ionen H3O+ und D3O+ als Beispiele
Authors: Willi A. V.
Published: December 2004

For a theoretical estimation of kinetic isotope effects, vibration frequencies of initial and transition states must be known. A simple method is developed for the calculation of vibration frequencies of polyatomic particles with the aid of an electronic digital computer. The problem is formulated in terms of Cartesian displacement coordinates. After a few transformations, a symmetrical matrix is obtained whose eigenvalues may readily be calculated by application of a special iterative program. Factoring of the matrix in a preceding step can thus be avoided. The method is applied for the calculation of the vibration frequencies of the ions H3O+ and D3O+ as examples.
Versuche zur Berechnung kinetischer Isotopeneffekte II: Ein Vierzentren‐Modell des Übergangszutandes für die säurekatalytische Wasser‐Addition an Olefine
Authors: Willi A. V.
Published: December 2004

The method of the preceding paper is applied to the transition state of the acid catalyzed olefin hydration. From different sets of force constants, vibration frequencies and partition function ratios are computed for a cyclic four center modelcomposed of olefin + H+·OH2 or olefin +D+·OD2. Tunneling corrections are calculated with the aid of BELL'S formula. A semiempirical value is used for QD3O/QH3O. It is shown that for the four center transition state the isotope effect kH/kD may be in the order of 1.1–1.6.
Regel zur Abschätzung der Aciditätskonstanten von Cyclohexancarbonsäuren. Teil II
Authors: Pascual C. , Simon W.
Published: December 2004

A simple rule for the estimation of acidity constants of cyclohexane‐carboxylic acids, which may be used in the determination of their structure and conformation, is applied on 24 compounds.
Nouvelle méthode spectrofluorimétrique de dosage de traces de bore
Authors: Marcantonatos M. , Monnier D. , Marcantonatos A.
Published: December 2004

Une nouvelle méthode fluorimétrique, permettant de doser 0,03 à 2,1 μg de bore, a été mise au point. Elle est basée sur les propriétés fluorescentes du complexe boreacide (o‐arsénophénylazo)‐1 ‐hydroxy‐2‐naphtalène‐disulfonique‐3,6 (APANS), dont la formation a lieu en milieu acide sulfurique concentré ou peu dilué. Les valeurs des blancs et des résultats sont en général trés reproductibles. La précision est de ±12 % pour 0,03 μg, ±5% pour 0,21 μg et de ± 1,2% pour 2,1 μg de bore.
Verteilung von markierten Molekeln in Kristallsuspensionen als analytisch und präparativ ausnutzbare Methode der Tracerchemie: Untersuchungen mit 14C‐markierten Aminosäuren
Authors: Schneider C. H.
Published: December 2004

The partition between solution and solid phase of several 14C‐labeled amino acids initially present in tracer amounts in the solution phase of stirred suspensions of crystalline amino acids was studied. The partitions examined were stereospecific since the labeled L‐amino acid molecules were readily taken up from the solution phase by the corresponding L‐crystals whereas the isomeric D‐CryStdS incorporated the labeled L‐molecules at a reduced rate (as exemplified by alanine and serine) or did not incorporate labeled L‐molecules at all. If a sufficiently large excess of crystalline phase as compared to the amount of solute is employed and if incorporation takes place the radioactivity in solution decreases to a small and practically constant fraction of its initial value. The incorporation of various labeled L‐amino acids into a crystalline L‐leucine phase was also studied. The rate of uptake was characteristic for each amino acid. The partition experiments can be performed easily and may be used for analytical and preparative purposes. From studies of leucine and tyrosine systems it is concluded that the partitions observed depend on dissolution and crystallisation processes coupled with crystal fragments which are present or formed during the stirring in the crystal suspension.
Metallionen‐Katalyse bei der Autoxydation cytostatischer Stoffe II
Authors: Erlenmeyer H. , Zell R. , Brintzinger H. , Prijs B.
Published: December 2004

Further investigations of autoxidative H2O2, formation with a disubstituted hydrazine derivative show that Mn2+ and its sulfophtalocyanine complex are exceptionally effective catalysts in this reaction.
Über 1:2‐Chrom (III)‐Komplexe vom Sandwich‐Typus aus der Anthranilsäure → Pyrazolon‐Reihe
Authors: Schetty G.
Published: December 2004

Monoazofarbstoffe der Zusammensetzung Anthranilsaure →Phenyl‐methyl‐py‐ razolon ergeben überwiegend 1:2 Z‐CrIII‐Komplexe vom DREW‐PFITZNER‐TYPUS.1st jedoch der Anthranilsäurerest in o‐Stellung zur Carboxyl‐ oder Azogruppe mit einer nukleophilen Gruppe substituiert, werden isomere 1:2‐CrIII‐Komplexe vom Sand‐ wich‐Typus gebildet. Die untersuchten Komplexe lassen Zusammenhänge zwischen Absorptionsspektren und Koordinationsart erkennen.
Löslichkeitsprodukte von Metalloxiden und ‐hydroxiden. 9. Mitteilung. Löslichkeitsprodukte und Freie Bildungsenthalpien von Zinkoxid, amorphem Zinkhydroxid, β11‐,β2‐, γ‐, δ‐ und ϵ‐Zinkhydroxid
Authors: Schindler P. , Althaus H. , Feitknecht W.
Published: December 2004

The solubility of zinc hydroxides and zinc oxide was investigated by determining [Zn2+] and [H+] of solutions in contact with the solid phases. [H+]was measured by the EMF‐method at the constant ionic strength 0,2 (K)NO3 (or (Na)ClO4) while [Zn2+] was calculated from analytical data. The relative stabilities 01 the solid phases are discussed in terms of free enthalpies of formation which were calculated from the solubility constants by means of a simple cycle. For data see table 3.
Un nouveau type de réarrangement de SMILES: 1a transformation du N‐p‐nitrophénoxy‐carbonyl‐hydrazobenzène en N‐p‐nitrophényl‐hydrazobenzène
Authors: Baudet P. , Calin M. , Cherbuliez E.
Published: December 2004

En présence d'une base, le N‐p‐nitrophénoxycarbony1‐hydrazobenzène subit une transposition en N‐p‐nitrophényl‐hydrazobenzène avec Climination de CO,. Cette transformation présente une grande analogie avec le réarrangement de SMILES, dont le OH‐ schéma est \documentclass{article}\pagestyle{empty}\begin{document}$ {\rm HY} - {\rm C} - {\rm C} - {\rm X} - {\rm Ar}{\rm Ar Y} - {\rm C} - {\rm C} - {\rm X H(X = O, SO}_{\rm 2},{\rm SO, S; Y = } - {\rm OH, } - {\rm SH, } - {\rm NHR, } - {\rm CONHR)} $\end{document}. Dans notre cas, × = 0 et HYC est remplacé par NH(C, H5)‐N.
Additionen von Organometallverbindungen an die CN‐Bindung
Authors: Marxer A. , Horvath M.
Published: December 2004

The addition of organometallic compounds to SCHIFF bases, hydrazones, and oximes was studied. It is shown that, contrary to statements in the literature, hydra‐zones and oximes may give rise to the same type of C‐alkylation and C‐arylation as already known for SCHIFF bases.
Podophyllum‐Lignane 4′‐Demethyl‐desoxypodopyllotoxin‐β‐D‐glucosid, ein neues Glykosid aus Podophyllum emodi WALL. und P. Peltatum L. 16. Mitteilung über mitosehemmende Naturstoffe [1]
Authors: von wartburg A. , Kuhn M. , Lichti H.
Published: December 2004

The isolation of lignan H (C27H30O12), a new glycoside from the roots and rhizomes of Indian Podophyllurn emodi WALL. and American P. peltatum L., is described. Its structure as 4′‐demethyl‐desoxypodophyllotoxin‐β‐D‐glucoside (I) has been deduced by the n.m.r. spectrum of its tetraacetate (II) and confirmed by acid hydrolysis to 4′‐demethyl‐desoxypodophyllotoxin (III) and D‐glucose.
Über Pyrrolizidinchemie 5. Mitteilung [1] Konfiǵurationsermittlung von hydrierten Pyrrolo[2,1‐a]isoindolen durch Protonenresonanz‐Spektroskopie
Authors: von Philipsborn W. , Mondelli R. , Viscontini M.
Published: December 2004

Es werden die Protonenresonanz‐Spektren von zwei Dihydro‐ und vier Tetrahydro‐Derivaten des 2,5‐Dioxo‐3‐phenyl‐2,3‐dihydro‐5H‐pyrrolo [2, 1] ‐isoindol‐1 ‐carbonsäure‐äthylesters analysiert und die relativen Konfigurationen dieser Verbindungen abgeleitet.
Über das Problem der Ähnlichkeit in der Chemie Über spezifisch adsorbierende Silikagele II [1]
Authors: Erlenmeyer H. , Bartels H.
Published: December 2004

Further evidence is given for the applicability of the information theory to the problem of specific adsorption on «printed» gels. Relative informations are calculated for different substances from measurements of specific adsorption.
Synthèse d'analogues structuraux de l'élédoïsine (3ème partie)
Authors: Sandrin Ed. , Boissonnas R. A.
Published: December 2004

The syntheses of a large number of Eledoisin analogues, some of which possess a more potent depressor effect than the original peptide, are described. Whereas the C‐terminal moiety of the Eledoisin molecule seems to be responsible for its biological action, its N‐terminal moiety can be deeply modified or even left out without considerable decrease of activity. There is apparently no relation between the isoelectric points of these analogous peptides and their biological properties.
Photochemische Reaktionen 29. Mitteilung [1] Zum Mechanismus der photochemischen Umlagerung von 3‐Oxo‐4,5‐oxido‐Steroiden (Vorläufige Mitteilung)
Authors: Wehrli H. , Lehmann C. , Schaffner K. , Jeger O.
Published: December 2004

3‐Oxo‐4,5‐oxido‐10β‐steroids have previously been shown to rearrange photolytically to the corresponding 3,5‐dioxo‐10(5 → 4)‐abeo compounds (cf. a, b → c). According to the present findings, the 10α‐testosterone oxide 4 gives specifically the l0α‐product 5 and the stereoisomeric 4‐methyl‐testosterone oxides 8 and 10 undergo stereospecific rearrangements to the products 11 and 12 respectively.
Einfluss der γ‐Verzweigung auf Solvolysegeschwindigkeit und Fragmentierung von Alkyl‐ und Cycloalkyl‐Halogeniden und ‐Arylsulfonaten. Fragmentierungsreaktionen, 8. Mitteilung
Authors: Grob C. A. , Schwarz W. , Fischer H. P.
Published: December 2004

In an investigation on the effect of branching in the γ‐position of alkyl and cycloalkyl halides and arylsulfonates the solvolysis rates and products of cis‐ and trans‐3,3,5‐trimethylcyclohexyl tosylate (18) and (19), 1‐bromo‐ and 1‐bromo‐3,3‐dimethyl‐bicyclo[2.2.2]octane (20a and b), 1‐bromo‐adamantane (21a) and its 3‐methyl, 3‐ethyl, 3‐isopropyl and 3,5,7‐trimethyl derivatives (21b, c, d) and (22), respectively, have been determined.
Organische Phosphorverbindungen XIII. Über einige Reaktionen des Methylthiophosphonsäure‐dibromids CH3P(S)Br2 und verwandter Verbindungen [1]
Authors: Maier Ludwig
Published: December 2004

Several insecticides containing a P‐C bond have been prepared. The physical properties and the insecticidal activity of these compounds are reported. The structure of phosphinothionic anhydrides has been elucidated.
Die solvoltische Decarboxylierung von α, β‐ungesättigeten β‐Halogensäuren Fragmentierungsreaktionen, 9. Miteilung
Authors: Grob C. A. , Csapilla J. , Cseh G.
Published: December 2004

Potassium salts of cis and trans α,β‐unsaturated β‐halo acids undergo decarboxylation when heated in aqueous solution. Salts of the cis series yield acetylene derivatives, whereas those of the trans series afford ketones in addition to acetylene derivatives.
Recherches sur la formation et la transformation de esters LII [1] Monoesters phosphoreux de divers types d'alcools
Authors: Cherbuliez Emile , Hunkeler F. , Weber G. , Rabinowitz J.
Published: December 2004

Menthol, unsaturated alcohols, and cyano alcohols are very easily esterified by phosphorous acid and yield the corresponding phosphorous monoesters.
Recherches sur la formation et la transformation des esters LIV [1] Sur la préparation de monoesters phosphoriques d'alcools tertiaires et sur leur vitesse de scission à différents pH
Authors: Cherbuliez Emile , Čolak‐Antić Sl. , Prince R. , Rabinowitz J.
Published: December 2004

Phosphoric monoesters of unsubstituted tertiary alcohols can be prepared by alcaline hydrolysis (Ba(OH)2) of the tertiary esters, which unhappily are not obtained easily; moreover the yield is very low. These monoesters are much more conveniently obtained by bromine oxydation in neutral or slightly alcaline medium of the corresponding t‐alkyl phosphorous monoesters.
Etude de structures peptidiques à l'aide de phénylisothiocyanate VII [1] Sur la réaction de quelques acides aminés et de queiques thiols avec le phénylisothiocyanate
Authors: Cherbuliez Emile , Marszalek J. , Rabinowitz J.
Published: December 2004

The authors describe a modified procedure for the preparation of chrornatographically pure phenylthiohydantoines of amino acids.
Reaktionen der Salpetersäure mit aliphatischen Verbindungen 2. Mitteilung: Oxydation von Ölsäure
Authors: Gut G. , Guyer A.
Published: December 2004

Es wurde die Umsetzung von Ölsäure mit Salpetersäure im heterogenen, flüssigen System bei Drucken zwischen 0 und 20 atü studiert. Die Anwendung von Druck ergibt eine gewisse Reaktionsbeschleunigung. Reaktionsdauer, Reaktionstemperatur sowie Salpetersäurekonzentration und Molverhältnis von Salpetersäure zu Ölsäure stehen in Wechselwirkung zueinander. Während mit zunehmender Reaktionsdauer primär gebildete Nitroverbindungen und Monocarbonsäuren zu Dicarbonsäuren abgebaut werden, begünstigen niedrige Temperatur, niedrige Salpetersäurekonzentration und geringe wässerige Phase die Bildung der ersteren Verbindungen. Im Gegensatz dazu kann durch Erhöhung der Salpetersäurekonzentration und Vergrösserung der wässerigen Phase auch bei relativ niedrigen Temperaturen der Anfall an höheren Dicarbonsäuren gesteigert werden.
Diffusion von Azulen in Kunststoffolien
Authors: van Tets A. , Günthard Hs. H.
Published: December 2004

The kinetics of diffusion of azulene and azulene‐d2−(1,3) from the vapor phase into thin slabs (28–250 μ thickness) of copolyn, teflon und polyethylene has been studied photometrically at temperatures between 25° and 40°C. The diffusion process was found to be accompanied by a decay reaction of azulene. Values are given for the diffusion constant, the decay rate constant and the saturation concentration in copolyn and polyethylene, as well as thermodynamical standard data for the solution process of azulene in all the plastic materials mentioned. The order‐disorder properties of the solutions are briefly discussed.
Komplexone XXXV. Die Metallkomplexe der Triund der Tetramethylendiamin‐NN′‐tetraessigsäure
Authors: L'Eplattenier F. , Anderegg G.
Published: December 2004

The stability constants of the complexes formed by different metal ions with ligands of the type (−OOCCH2)2N(CH2)nN(CH2COO−), with n = 3 and 4, have been determined. In the case of trimethylenediamine‐NNN′N′‐tetraacetate, complex formation has been investigated using 5 different methods. The results from all these methods are coincident.
Zum Mechanismus der Metallionen‐Katalysierten Hydrolyse von Adenosintriphosphat (ATP) II. Reaktionsverlauf in H218O
Authors: Moll H. , Schneider P. W. , Brintzinger H.
Published: December 2004

In the hydrolytic cleavage of the terminal POP bond of adenosine triphosphate, which is catalyzed by Cu2+ at pH 5–6, l8O from the aqueous reaction medium enters the terminal phosphate group. The electropositive character of thc leaving group is the rate‐determining factor in this reaction.
Isolierung und Synthese des Ergostins, eines neuen Mutterkorn‐Alkaloids. 62. Mitteilung über Mutterkornalkaloide
Authors: Schlientz W. , Brunner R. , Stadler P. A. , Frey A. J. , Ott H. , Hofmann A.
Published: December 2004

A new alkaloid C34H37O5N5, only a very small quantity of which (0.5 to 1%)is present as an accompanying alkaloid of ergotamine, was found in ergot obtained from a variety of sources. The new ergot alkaloid, which was named ergostine, structurally falls midway between ergotamine and ergocristine. It differs from these two alkaloids only in the α‐hydroxy‐α‐amino acid radical, in as far as ergostine contains the α‐hydroxy‐α‐amino butyric acid radical.
Fluoreszierende Stoffe auf Roten Waldameisen der Gattung Formica (Inc. Hym.). 2. Mitteilung. Isolierung einer Riboflavin‐Formicapterin‐Verbindung
Authors: Schmidt G. H. , Viscontini M.
Published: December 2004

Aus Arbeiterinnen der Art Formica rufa L. wurde ein hellgrün fluoreszierender Stoff isoliert, der nach ammoniakalischer Behandlung Riboflavin und Formicapterin als fluoreszierende Substanzen erkennen liess. Die vorliegende Riboflavin‐Formicapterin‐Verbindung wurde durch UV.‐Spektren und Rf‐Werte charakterisiert.
Anwendung der Thermodynamik der irreversiblen Prozesse auf die Theorie von Dampfmembranen‐Osmometern
Authors: Milićević B.
Published: December 2004

The non equilibrium thermodynamics of vapor‐membrane osmometers based on a simple theoretical model are discussed. The equations for mass and heat transport are given for three types of vapor‐membrane osmometers, of which two are known as “the method of bithermal equilibration after STOKES[4]” and as “the thermoelectric method after HILL[6] and BALDES[7]”. From the nonequilibrium thermodynamic theory the suggestion for the construction of a new type of vapor‐membrane osmometer is also given.
Synthèses de nouvelles phényl‐1‐triazoline‐1,2,4‐ones‐5 substituées en 3 et 4. 2e communication
Authors: Gold‐Aubert Ph. , Melkonian D. , Toribio L.
Published: December 2004

We describe the synthesis and the properties of new 3 and 4 substituted 1‐phenyl‐1, 2, 4‐triazoline‐5‐ones. The aminated alkyl stems fixed in position 4 strongly increase the analgesic and anti‐inflammatory properties of these substances.
Über Pterinchemie. 9., vorläufige Mitteilung. Beitrag zur Kenntnis der Reoxydation von hydrierten Pterinen
Authors: Viscontini M. , Bobst A.
Published: December 2004

Mit dem Ziel, die Reoxydation von hydrierten Pterinen zu studieren, wurden 8 neue Körper dieser Stoffklasse synthetisiert. Alle erwiesen sich gegen Luftsauer‐stoff als sehr empfindlich.
Über die Isolierung von (+)‐Pronuciferin und (−)‐Anonain aus den Keimlingen von Nelumbo nucifera GAERTN. 2. Mitteilung über natürliche und synthetische Isochinolinderivate
Authors: Bernauer Karl
Published: December 2004

First isolation of the isoquinolinedienone alkaloid Pronuciferine (I), and of the noraporphine alkaloid Anonaine (V), besides the aporphines Nuciferine (11), Roemerine (III), and 5‐Methoxy‐6‐hydroxy‐aporphine (IV), from cotyledons of Nelumbo nucifera GAERTN. (Asiatic Lotus) is described.
Konstitution und Reaktionen des (+)‐Pronuciferins 3. Mitteilung über natürliche und synthetische Isochinolinderivate
Authors: Bernauer Karl
Published: December 2004

Constitution and reactions of the isoquinoline‐dienone alkaloid (+)‐pronuciferine are described. The latter include reduction with complex hydrides, transformation into (−)‐nuciferine, catalytic hydrogenation, and dienone‐phenol‐rearrangement to (−) ‐3‐hydroxy‐5,6‐dimethoxy‐aporphine.
Nucleophile Ringöffnung und Fragmentierung von 1‐Aza‐bicyclo[2.2.0]hexan Fragmentierungs‐Reaktionen, 11. Mitteilung
Authors: Grob C. A. , Krasnobajew V.
Published: December 2004

1‐Aza‐bicyclo[2.2.0]hexane (1) is formed in a unimolecular reaction from 2‐(2‐bromoethyl)‐azetidine (13) in aqueous or alcoholic medium. Thermal instability and high reactivity have, however, so far precluded its isolation. Hydrochloric acid, aqueous sodium hydroxide and ethanolic sodium ethoxide convert the bicyclic amine 1 into 4‐chloro‐, 4‐hydroxy‐ and 4‐ethoxy‐piperidine, (14), (15) and (16), respectively. Upon heating in solution to ca. 80° it undergoes fragmentation to N‐methylene‐3‐butenyl‐amine (17). This unusual reactivity is ascribed to strain and to concomitant weakening of the N‐C4 bond in the bicyclic amine 1.