bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
MIGRASI ROHINGYA: TANTANGAN INTEGRASI SOSIAL DAN EKONOMI DI NEGARA PENERIMA
Authors: Prasasti Cinta , Melvia Suci Wheli , Nasution Muhammad Irwan Sahruddin , Sidiq Ricu , Simangunsong Lister Eva , Nasution Muhammad Ihsan Syahaf
Published: July 2024

Rohingya migration has become a complex challenge that requires in-depth understanding and a holistic response from various relevant parties. In this context, this article discusses various aspects that influence the social, economic and ecological integration of Rohingya migrants in receiving countries, with a special focus on Indonesia. The research method used is a qualitative approach with descriptive methods to explore the phenomenon of Rohingya migration and the challenges of social and economic integration in receiving countries. The descriptive method was chosen because the focus of this research is to describe and explain complex situations from an in-depth and comprehensive perspective. The data collected in this research is descriptive, including words, images and information from various sources, such as books, scientific journals and previous research that are relevant to the topic under study. The results of this research show that there are several main challenges faced by Rohingya migrants, including limited access to education, health services and employment, as well as social discrimination and stigmatization. Apart from that, unclear legal status, cultural and religious differences, as well as political and humanitarian instability also affect their integration process. In addition, this article also describes the environmental impacts of Rohingya migration and the importance of considering ecological factors in natural resource management and infrastructure development. To address these challenges, cross-sectoral and cross-institutional collaboration is key, with a focus on inclusive approaches, human rights protection and environmental sustainability. Diplomatic efforts are also important in resolving the root causes of the Rohingya crisis in their home country. With strong cooperation and commitment to holistic solutions, Indonesia has the potential to be a leader in responding to the challenges of social, economic and ecological integration in the context of Rohingya migration.
Trends on Study of Women During Menopausal Transition
Authors: Sarasati Budi , Setiasih  , Sukamto Monique Elizabeth
Published: July 2024

This study is a bibliometric analysis with the aim to explore scientific publications related to the psychological well-being of women in the perimenopause transition phase. The analyzed data was sourced from scientific articles indexed by Scopus from 1985 to October 2023. Scientific article search technique was conducted by tracking scientific publication documents in a database through search queries with search string. Analysis results provided four main findings: (1) psychology is not the only scientific discipline that studies issues related to the menopausal transition phase and not the field of study that produces the highest number of scientific publications; (2) publications related to the menopausal transition phase with the highest level of influence in the discipline of psychology are dominated by mental health topics such as depression and sleep disorders; (3) academic interest in studying the menopausal transition phase in psychology is increasing with each publication period; and (4) a diversity of study topics has emerged as interest in studying the menopausal transition phase has increased; however, in the last twenty years, there has been a trend towards stagnation of studies on the topic of perimenopausal depression and decrease of research interest in various dimensions of psychological well-being. The conclusion of this study is that bibliometric metadata of a scientific publication corpus is dynamic, causing metrics to change with time, and that analysis can be utilized to see trends in scientific publications related to the issue of women's physical and psychological health in the menopausal transition phase.
Relationship Between Task Commitment and Academic Achievement of Junior High School Students Reviewed Based on Sex or Gender
Authors: Sutanto Nadia , Murwani Fulgentius Danardana , Hitipeuw Imanuel
Published: July 2024

Academic achievement is important for students and its achievement is influenced by various factors. One of them is task commitment. Task commitment is generally measured in gifted students. However, the authors believe that all students require commitment in the learning process and achieving academic achievement. This study aims to determine the differences in sex or gender perspectives in task commitment and academic achievement of Junior High School students in Indonesia, utilizing a cross-sectional research method on Grade 7 and Grade 8 students (N = 403). Measurement of task commitment utilizes an instrument developed by Sánchez-Escobedo. The results of the study showed no relationship between academic achievement and task commitment in general (r = .040; p = .418). However, there were interesting results related to perseverance as a single aspect (r = .130; p = .009), because it had a relationship with academic achievement in total and in Mathematics, Science subjects, and the results of regression analysis in male students (F = 3.083; p = 0.017). The results of the study also showed that there was a difference in academic achievement between male and female students (t(count) = 3.741; p = .000), but there was no significant difference in task commitment (t(count) = 0.557; p = .578). In this study, perseverance had a more significant relationship with academic achievement. The difference in academic achievement between male and female students indicates that there is something related to sex or gender that still needs to be studied further, in addition to task commitment.
Equity crowdfunding IPOs: Under or overpricing? The case of Poland as an example of quickly catching up economy
Authors: Śliwiński Paweł Piotr
Published: July 2024

Research background: The majority of research on equity crowdfunding concerns its evolution in developed countries. There are still relatively few works devoted to equity crowdfunding in developing regions, including Poland. Taking this into account and the lack of research on the effectiveness of ECF-based IPOs, there is a research gap that this article is trying to fill. This paper also contributes to the extensive literature dealing with the occurrence of the IPO underpricing phenomenon and focuses on a regional study on IPO underpricing in the still niche ECF-based IPOs.
Purpose of the article: The article aims to show the development of equity crowdfunding in Poland. The article also aims to (i) evaluate the effectiveness of debuts of companies that raised funds (and thus carried out their IPOs) using ECF platforms, and (ii) find the determinants of ECF-based IPOs performance.
Methods: The model for testing the potential determinants of ECF-based IPO performance is based on univariate linear regressions measuring the relationship between a dependent variable which stands for ECF-based IPO underpricing and one independent variable (chosen from a set of potential explanatory variables.
Findings & value added: The article shows that since 2020 ECF has become an important source of financing for listed SMEs in Poland. Based on the stylized fact on the risk-return tradeoff, it is assumed that ECF-based IPOs are more underpriced than IPOs of other companies to attract investors. The paper revealed that the effectiveness of ECF-based IPOs has mainly the cyclical nature and it depends on the stock price cycle. ECF-based IPOs are more underpriced then other IPOs only in the bull market while in the bear market they are more overpriced. To the best of my knowledge, this is the first study to explore the performance of ECF-based IPOs. Although this paper focuses on Poland, it opens the potential for broader global research in this area. The article can also hold significant practical value for all participants of the ECF market.
Main Directions of Optimizing the Process of Resocialization of Russian Officers Retired from Active Service
Authors: Shchipakov Vladimir E. ,   Prince Alexander Nevsky Military University of the Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation
Published: July 2024

This article investigates the key problems and suggestions for improving the process of officers’ adaptation to civilian life after military service. The theoretical part of the study examines the specifics of the socio-psychological state of officers, the regulatory and legal framework for resocialization, as well as international experience in this field. The analysis is based on three research directions: studying the challenges of transitioning to civilian life, identifying shortcomings in current resocialization programs, and evaluating proposals for their optimization. Obtained results indicate that for successful adaptation of officers it is necessary to pay special attention to the improvement of professional retraining programs, financial support, as well as information and organizational assistance. The author concludes that it is necessary to adapt international experience to Russian conditions and proposes specific directions for enhancing resocialization programs in Russia.
Analysis of Factors Affecting Employee Engagement in Manufacturing Companies in Batam
Authors: Mon Muhammad Donal , Robin Robin , Nainggolan Ferdinand , Sinambela Nova
Published: July 2024

This study aims to determine whether the variables of distributive justice, transformational leadership, training & development, and perceived organisational support affect employee engagement. This research was conducted using a survey method by distributing questionnaires to 500 respondents. The distribution of the questionnaires was carried out in two ways, namely, online via WhatsApp and manually, namely by visiting respondents. The sample of this research is employees who work in manufacturing companies in several industrial areas in Batam city. The industrial areas in question are the Batamindo industrial area, the Executive Batam Center industrial area, the Taiwan Kabil industrial area, and the Bintang industrial area in Tanjung Uncang. The technique used in this research is purposive sampling, which is a technique to determine the sample by using a special selection method to be used for processing properly. The results that have been collected from respondents, the data will be processed using SPSS software. This study indicates that transformational leadership has a positive and significant effect on employee engagement, training & development has a positive and significant effect on employee engagement, distributive justice has no effect on employee engagement, and perceptions of organisational support have no effect on employee engagement
Auditor-Firm Conflict: Theoretical Concepts Application and Analysis of the Power Dynamics Involved
Authors: Eferakeya Idowu
Published: July 2024

This study undertakes a theoretical analysis of the auditor-firm conflict. It relied on  the review of literature methodology  contextualized on  auditor’s appointment ,  firm economic pressure , management bargaining power, auditor’s fear of losing a firm, firm’s management economic power over the auditor, auditor’s personal attributes and moral reasoning, auditor’s tenure, audit fees, audit market competitiveness, non-audit services, audit firm size and the firm’s financial condition. The study relied on Goldman and Barlev model, exchange and dependency theories to explain the likely power positions in the auditor-firm relationship. Deductively the study based on the contexts indicated the presence of an asymmetry power structure where the auditor and firm have low and high power positions. The study however, proffered resolution measures such as reputational and litigation costs; strengthening of audit committees; control over auditor’s appointment and remuneration; effective discipline of firms and auditors and strong enforcement of standards. The measures can curtail the auditor’s and firm actions in reducing violation of auditing standards; improving auditor’s independence, reduce the firm’s pressure on the auditor and bring about balance of power positions. The paper has implications for understanding the auditor-firm conflict situation and provides opportunities for strengthening audit policy and audit standards development.
CONVERSATIONS WITH MAHATHIR MOHAMAD (GIANTS OF ASIA SERIES) DR M: OPERATION MALAYSIA BY TOM PLATE, MARSHALL CAVENDISH, 2012. ISBN: 9789814276634
Authors: Razali Nurul Aimi , Sabtu Muhamad Helmy
Published: July 2024

Conversations with Mahathir Mohamad: Doctor M: Operation Malaysia by Tom Plate tells the experience of Mahathir Mohamad as a Malaysian Prime Minister with a superior legacy of his own, especially during his reign of power between 1981 to 2003. The book contains Plate’s detailed retelling of his experience interviewing Mahathir, besides reviewing the answers Mahathir provided on the issues surrounding his leadership. The combination of these two elements is the background that underlies the book’s narration. The contents are constructed by emphasising Plate’s critical perspectives as a former journalist from the West and a current professor at the Loyola Marymount University, Los Angeles, towards third-world country leaders who are often associated with autocratic and dictatorial leadership and the answers from the main character himself, Mahathir, as a third world country leader who considered himself as purporting accustomed democratic style which was well-tailored to be implemented to Malaysians and the country due to its historical background and at that time – timely needed. Through this book, Mahathir has attested that he was a leader who had established the nation’s industrial infrastructure and brought its name to the attention of the world. However, along the line, as he was too focused and had driven solely by the ambition, he has single-handedly tightened and degraded the country’s institutions with somewhat – oppressive with authoritarian manner. Beyond recall, the book presents readers with fresh insights and viewpoints regarding Mahathir’s leadership, which is often fraught with controversies.
Keywords: Mahathir Mohamad, prime minister, modernisation, leadership, autocratic.
 
Cite as: Razali, N. A., & Sabtu, M. H. (2024). Conversations with Mahathir Mohamad (Giants of Asia series) Dr M: Operation Malaysia by Tom Plate. (Book review). Journal of Nusantara Studies, 9(2), 34-39. http://dx.doi.org/10.24200/jonus.vol9iss2pp34-39
DEMOTIVATION IN MANDARIN AS A FOREIGN LANGUAGE AMONG MALAYSIAN TERTIARY STUDENTS
Authors: Paee Rokiah , Chee Lam Kai , Ling Kuan Wee , Kopli Najwa Hanani
Published: July 2024

Background and Purpose: Demotivation has been acknowledged as a significant factor in the decrease of student enrolment and the increase in student attrition rates within the domain of Mandarin as a foreign language (MFL) learning. This study seeks to identify the causes of demotivation among learners of MFL at a public tertiary institution in Malaysia.
 
Methodology: The study's sample consisted of 72 undergraduate students enrolled in an introductory-level MFL elective course. Data were collected using online questionnaires at the end of the academic semester. The online questionnaire consisted of two sections: the first focused on the demographic information of the participants, and the second contained open-ended questions. Participants were asked to characterize the learning experience that (1) negatively impacted their motivation and (2) caused them to feel frustrated or want to quit their MFL studies. The data was subjected to thematic analysis, and the themes from the responses were identified and categorized.
 
Findings: The factors that contribute to demotivation can be classified into two categories: internal and external. Internal categories include psychological states such as anxiety and boredom. In contrast, external categories include test performance, course content, workload, and significant others (teachers and peers). External factors, particularly test performance, course content, and workload, have a greater impact on the demotivation of MFL learners compared to internal factors. The most frequently cited factor is test performance, primarily due to the difficulty of learning course content, particularly Chinese characters. One-third of the students in this study spent more than three hours per week on MFL learning outside of class. However, many students struggle to manage their Mandarin study time due to other academic or extracurricular obligations.
 
Contributions: The current research offers additional insights into the nature and characteristics of demotivation in foreign language learning, specifically among non-native Mandarin learners with little or no prior knowledge, in the context of MFL as an elective course.
 
Keywords: Demotivation, LOTE, Mandarin as a foreign language, Malaysian tertiary institution, elective.
 
Cite as: Paee, R., Lam, K. C, Kuan, W. L, & Kopli, N. H. (2024). Demotivation in Mandarin as a foreign language among Malaysian tertiary students. Journal of Nusantara Studies, 9(2), 40-56. http://dx.doi.org/10.24200/jonus.vol9iss2pp40-56
THE DIGITALIZATION OF DIPLOMACY MATURITY MODEL (DD-MM): A NEW MODEL FOR OPTIMIZING DIPLOMATIC DIGITALIZATION
Authors: Baykız Tekin , Açıkalın Şuay Nilhan
Published: July 2024

This paper introduces the Digitalization of Diplomacy Maturity Model (DD-MM), a comprehensive framework designed to assess and enhance the digital capabilities of diplomatic institutions. The DD-MM encompasses four critical dimensions: people, digital visibility, technology and security, and policies, providing a structured approach to evaluate and advance the maturity of digital diplomacy practices. In the people dimension, the model emphasizes role definitions, change management, and specialized training programs, highlighting the need for diplomats to acquire digital literacy and competency. The digital visibility dimension focuses on the strategic use of social media and other online platforms to enhance a nation's presence and influence in the digital sphere, emphasizing engagement with a global audience and proactive digital communications management. The technology and security dimension addresses ICT infrastructure, cybersecurity, and data management, advocating for the adoption of state-of-the-art technologies to support diplomatic activities and ensure the security of sensitive information. The policies dimension underscores the necessity for clear guidelines and regulatory frameworks to govern the use of digital tools in diplomacy, including the formulation of policies that align with international standards and promote ethical practices. The DD-MM outlines a clear pathway for continuous improvement, guiding institutions from the initial stages of digital integration to advanced levels of optimization and strategic alignment.
Keywords: Digitalization of diplomacy, maturity model, model development, digital public diplomacy.
 
Cite as: Baykız, T., & Açıkalın, Ş. N. (2024). The digitalization of diplomacy maturity model (DD-MM): A new model for optimizing diplomatic digitalization. Journal of Nusantara Studies, 9(2), 441-473. http://dx.doi.org/10.24200/jonus.vol9iss2pp441-473
EXPLORING THE INTERWOVEN THEMES OF GENDER DYNAMICS AND SOCIETAL CHALLENGES IN KHALED HOSSEINI'S A THOUSAND SPLENDID SUNS: A CRITICAL ANALYSIS
Authors: Alqaryouti Marwan Harb
Published: July 2024

Background and Purpose: This study delves into the portrayal of gender equality and women's empowerment in Khaled Hosseini's novel, A Thousand Splendid Suns, within the context of Afghan society. Recognizing the significance of literature as a mirror reflecting societal realities, this research aims to explore the multifaceted experiences of female protagonists navigating oppressive patriarchal structures and uncover the complexities of gender inequality and women's agency depicted in the novel.
 
Methodology: Employing thematic analysis, I conducted an in-depth examination of character dynamics, societal norms, and narrative elements present in A Thousand Splendid Suns. Through a systematic exploration of themes and patterns within the text, the study elucidates the nuanced complexities of gender discrimination and women's resilience in the face of adversity. Data collection involves close reading and interpretation of the novel, supplemented by theoretical engagement with relevant literature on gender studies and Afghan society. The qualitative approach allows for a rich exploration of the experiences and perspectives of female characters within the narrative context.
 
Findings: The findings of the analysis illuminate the pervasive discrimination, violence, and systemic oppression faced by Afghan women as depicted in the novel. Characters like Mariam and Laila exemplify the intersectionality of gender with other axes of oppression, such as class and ethnicity, highlighting the interconnected nature of social hierarchies. Despite the challenges they face, female characters demonstrate resilience and determination in challenging societal norms and asserting their autonomy. The narrative underscores the transformative power of education as a catalyst for women's empowerment, inspiring others to advocate for systemic change and justice.
 
Contributions: This study contributes to a deeper understanding of gender dynamics and societal challenges prevalent in Afghan culture by scrutinizing the complexities of gender portrayal in literature. By shedding light on the struggles and triumphs of female characters, the research underscores the importance of promoting gender equality and women's empowerment as fundamental principles of social justice and human rights. Ultimately, A Thousand Splendid Suns serves as a powerful testament to the enduring human spirit and the transformative potential of solidarity in the face of oppression and adversity.
 
Keywords: Oppressive male dominance, Khaled Hosseini, gender equality, women’s empowerment, A Thousand Splendid Sun.
 
Cite as: Alqaryouti, M. H. (2024). Gender equality and women’s empowerment in A Thousand Splendid Suns by Khaled Hosseini.  Journal of Nusantara Studies, 9(2), 490-513. http://dx.doi.org/10.24200/jonus.vol9iss2pp490-513
BURNOUT IN THE HYBRID WORKPLACE: EXAMINING THE STRUGGLE OF LANGUAGE LECTURERS IN MALAYSIA
Authors: Azizan Mazlin , Shafie Hidayu , Mohd Jaafar Nurjanah , Komarudin Nabila Eizati , Samud Nurul Nadia
Published: July 2024

Background and Purpose: Many workers struggle with stressful conditions, resulting in work burnout. While studies have examined issues revolving around working from home, research on hybrid work environment is lacking, particularly in Malaysian contexts. This study aims to examine work burnout issues faced by language lecturers in a hybrid work landscape.
 
Methodology: A quantitative cross-sectional survey design was employed in this study. An adapted Copenhagen Burnout Inventory was administered online to 130 language lecturers from two public universities in Selangor through random sampling procedure. To determine levels of personal, work-related, and colleague-related burnout, data were analysed using descriptive statistics analyses which were conducted on SPSS Version 29.
 
Findings: The findings revealed that personal and work-related burnout are perceived as sometimes contributing to burnout. Conversely, colleague-related burnout is perceived less frequently, suggesting minimal impact on burnout in interactions with colleagues. The overall low burnout levels suggest that hybrid working could be an effective arrangement for educators in the long run.
Contributions: The insights gained on work burnout among language lecturers will be particularly useful in maneuvering work effectively in academia, with the hope to address issues within the UN SDG Goal 3 where good health and well-being would be the focus.
 
Keywords: Work-life balance, hybrid workplace, burnout, academia, language lecturers.
 
Cite as: Azizan, M., Shafie, H., Mohd Jaafar, N., Komarudin, N. E., & Samud, N. N. (2024). Burnout in the hybrid workplace: Examining the struggle of language lecturers in Malaysia.  Journal of Nusantara Studies, 9(2), 577-602. http://dx.doi.org/10.24200/jonus.vol9iss2pp577-602
Integrating science on indigenous arts, culture, and law: A sine qua non for Africa’s true independence from colonialism and eurocentrism
Authors: Ohenhen Stanley Timeyin , Abakporo Princewill Chukwuma , Ayoola Adebukola Olubunmi , Ogunwole Esther Adebimpe , Egbe Fidelis , Faniyi Ooreofe-kristi , Ajayi Oluwatobiloba Ifedolapo , Adenikiju Olayinka , Oladele Olayiwola , Wright Olatunde
Published: July 2024

Africa has been fighting against colonialism and Eurocentrism for a long time in an attempt to reverse the regime of oppression and socio-economic marginalization and exploitation, and take back control of its cultural identity and right to self-determination. This adventure requires the recognition and revitalisation of indigenous arts, culture, and law—all of which have been subjugated and ignored during colonial rule. Ironically, the situation has not improved much by the dominating presence of post-independent neo-colonial structures and perpetuated Eurocentric phenomenon that have been ingrained into the socio-cultural and economic fabrics of the African state. This research explores the critical need for integrating science on African indigenous arts, culture, and legal systems, as a way of globalizing as well as revitalizing these elements, towards the ultimate emancipation of the continent from the vestiges of colonialism and Eurocentricism. Relying on the postcolonial, and indigenous knowledge systems theoretical frameworks, the study engages the ethnographic, collaborative and interdisciplinary research approaches, subjecting data obtained to thematic analysis. Underscoring the profound interconnectedness of science, indigenous arts, and cultural heritage, the study argues that combining scientific methods with indigenous African epistemology provides a powerful framework for advancing Africa’s true independence from the protracted legacies of colonialism and Eurocentrism. The research concludes that a holistic integration of these elements therefore, is indispensable for fostering a decolonized and inclusive approach to knowledge production, self-determination and sustainable development, against the background of the rich insights and sustainable practices embedded within the African cultural traditions. Ultimately, the research recommends that embracing and integrating science on indigenous epistemologies can propel Africa towards an emancipated, truly independent, and culturally affirming future, transcending the enduring legacies of colonialism and Eurocentrism.
Mastectomy in ten mares: indications, surgical technique, complications, and long-term outcome
Authors: Steiner Morgan N. , Boone Lindsey H. , Hayden Lyndsey , Schumacher Jim , Arnold Carolyn E.
Published: July 2024

OBJECTIVE

To describe the indications for and surgical technique of mastectomy of mares and to describe the outcome of 10 mares that underwent mastectomy in a retrospective case series.

ANIMALS

10 mares having disease of one or both mammary glands.

CLINICAL PRESENTATION

Medical records (1995 to 2022) from 2 university teaching hospitals were searched to identify mares that had undergone unilateral or bilateral mastectomy. Data regarding history, signalment, diagnostic tests, preoperative treatment, surgical procedure, and postoperative management were reviewed. Follow-up information was obtained by interviewing the owners by telephone.

RESULTS

One (n = 4 mares) or both mammary glands (6 mares) were excised for the following reasons: chronic bacterial mastitis (4), neoplasia (3), lymphangiectasia (1), pythiosis (1), and lymphoid hamartoma (1). None of the mares experienced intraoperative complications. The surgical site was closed primarily in 2 mares and left unsutured in 8 mares. Both sutured wounds developed a seroma, and 1 dehisced. The owners reported that the surgical wound, whether sutured or unsutured, was healed within 3 months. All mares returned to use for their intended purpose, but 3 mares were euthanized 2 to 4 years after surgery due to progression of disease. One mare drowned 1 year after discharge.

CLINICAL RELEVANCE

Mastectomy can be an effective treatment for mares suffering from disease of one or both mammary glands when the mare is refractory to medical treatment.
Impact of size of banks and insurance companies on their profitability in Bosnia and Herzegovina
Authors: Torlaković Anes , Proho Mahir , Hadžiahmetović-Milišić Nejra , Dedović Lejla
Published: July 2024

In this paper, we investigate the determinants of bank profitability by examining endogenous factors used to measure the size of a financial institution. We underscore the significance of bank employees in embodying institutional values and playing a pivotal role in sales channels, as well as the impact of technological integration on customer expectations and workforce dynamics.

Utilizing a dataset from regulatory agencies, which includes information from 47 banks and insurance companies in Bosnia and Herzegovina for the year 2021, the study explores the relationship between the independent variables which include the volume of total assets and the number of employees, and the dependent variable for profitability. By calculating Return on Equity (ROE) and employing a multiple linear regression model, the study finds that a statistically significant relation between independent variables and the dependent variable does not exist. Despite this, the research highlights the need for further investigation, particularly considering the differentiation between banks and insurance companies, the potential impact of outliers, and the broader economic context of the year studied. The findings suggest that a more refined model, possibly incorporating panel data, could provide clearer insights into the profitability determinants of financial institutions in Bosnia and Herzegovina.
TGF-Β Isoforms: TGF-β1, TGF-β2 and TGF-β3 in Ligament and Tendon Healing
Authors: Krawczak-Wójcik Katarzyna , Mazurkiewicz Anna , Petr Miroslav
Published: July 2024

Introduction.
Tendon and ligament injuries affect people of all ages, including professional athletes. Tumor Growth Factor β (TGF- β) isoforms play a significant role in the regeneration of tendons and ligaments, such as through the recruitment of macrophages and fibroblasts or the regulation of the formation of extracellular matrix (ECM). Although the TGF- β family regulates signalling pathways related to the healing process, excessive TGF- β activation can lead to fibrosis and the formation of scars and adhesions. This article recapped the significance of TGF- β isoforms TGF- β1, TGF- β2, and TGF- β3 in the physiological healing of injured tendons and ligaments.

Material and Methods.
A total of 1434 articles were identified using the PubMed search string (TGF-β isoforms or TGF-β1 or tgfb1 or TGF-β2 or tgfb2 or TGF-β3 or tgfb3) and (tendon or ligament). Human studies, animal models and in vitro cultures were included in the search. Forty-nine published articles were included.

Results.
Histologic evidence demonstrated greater ligament and tendon regeneration and collagen type I expression when using TGF-β1, often leading to fibrosis. TGF-β3 inhibits the TGF-β1 and TGF-β2 by switching Smad2/3 signaling to Smad7 and CREB-1 transcription factor. There was a delay in TGF-β3 level peak compared to other isoforms.

Conclusions.
All 3 TGF-β isoforms seem to play a significant role in the subsequent stages of healing. We state a hypothesis that during the initial phase of tendon and ligament healing, TGF-β1 levels need to be elevated. Further, TGF-β3 may inhibit the action of TGF-β1 and TGF-β2, which leads to the inhibition of inflammation and changes in ECM production, and consequently to a reduction in the level of scarring.
Performance Analysis in Chinese Female Club Soccer Based on Offensive and Defensive Technical-Tactical Indicators
Authors: Xing Yang , Erdmann Wlodzimierz , Chamera Tomasz
Published: July 2024

Introduction.
This study aimed to analyze how technical and tactical performance indicators differ by different match outcomes in women’s soccer and apply a comprehensive approach to match analysis.

Material and Methods.
The investigation analyzed many technical and tactical indicators of female club players from 28 matches in the Chinese Women’s Super League during the 2020 and 2021 seasons. These included both offensive and defensive indicators, such as goal kicks, clearances, interceptions, and more. Standard scores and T-scores were considered in illustrating the typical performance status of the team. In evaluating the technical and tactical performance indicators across various match outcomes, we applied non-parametric Kruskal-Wallis tests. This approach was taken because the data were found appropriate for the non-normal distribution, allowing the comprehensive detection of the differences across game states.

Results.
Kruskal-Wallis test-based statistical analysis showed that there is a substantial number of differences in team performance across slumped and high-performance phases within the games. The passable offensive indicators, such as shot frequency and forward passes, dropped significantly during the slump (p < 0.05). Amongst the defensive actions, there were significant increases. By contrast, in high-performance phases, offensive actions-shots and forward passes were significantly more frequent (p < 0.01), indicating dynamics in the change of the team approach according to the state of play.

Conclusions.
Our analysis showed that more offensive actions relate to a win in a match, while defensive action usually leads to a lost match. This result will offer valuable information to coaches for training and game strategies.
Physical Activity and Dietary Habits in Young Females with Varying Levels of Body Fat and Fat Distribution
Authors: Agnieszka Dmitruk , Wojciech Hołub
Published: July 2024

Introduction.
Physical activity and good diet are the primary determinants of body weight. The aim of the study was to compare physical activity and eating behaviours of overweight and obese females (taking into consideration their body fat distribution) with individuals with normal levels of body fat.

Material and methods.
The study included females aged 20-35. The study group consisted of 449 subjects, who were categorised into groups based on their body fat percentage: underweight, normal body fat, overweight and obese. The WHR index was computed in individuals who were overweight or obese. The assessment of physical activity levels was conducted using data obtained from the IPAQ, while eating behaviours were examined using the Dietary Habits And Nutrition Beliefs Questionnaire developed by the Polish Academy of Sciences.

Results.
Females who were overweight or obese exhibited greater values of the examined physical characteristics in comparison to individuals with normal levels of body fat. Subjects with fat tissue in the abdomen area had higher values of somatic characteristics. There were no statistically significant differences in physical activity levels between individuals with normal body fat and overweight or obese females. However, when the second group was divided into those with abdominal fatness and those with peripheral fatness, it was observed that individuals with abdominal fatness had lower levels of physical activity, including both total activity as well as vigorous and moderate activity. There were no significant differences in eating behaviours found between the groups.

Conclusions.
The amount and placement of fat tissue in young females is more closely linked to their levels of physical activity rather than their eating habits and knowledge about food and nutrition.
Individual Management of Physical Activity of Tourism and Recreation Students Through Mobile Applications
Authors: Berbeka Jadwiga
Published: July 2024

Introduction.
The impact of mobile applications on the physical activity of Tourism and Recreation students in Krakow has not been the subject of in-depth research so far. The aim of this study is to identify the areas of management, scope of use and motivation for using mobile applications during physical activity by students of Tourism and Recreation. The theoretical framework for motivation analysis is the Achievement Goal Theory.

Material and methods.
A quantitative approach was adopted, surveys were conducted among students of Tourism and Recreation in Krakow. The basic parameters of descriptive statistics, coefficient of variation V, and correlation coefficients were calculated.

Results.
Students of Tourism and Recreation use mobile applications while running, cycling and aerobics. The most important functionalities for students are those that support processes of controlling the performance of their physical activity. The results show that, with regard to the Achievement Goal Theory, stronger motivation comes from aspects falling into the Goal category.

Conclusions.
In the theoretical aspect, the results deepened the understanding of the processes of individual management of students’ physical activity; in the methodological aspect, they allowed the researchers to conclude that the Achievement Goal Theory is suitable for analysing the motivation to use mobile applications during physical activity, while in the practical aspect, the results indicated the possibility of improving the quality of students’ physical activity through individual management with the efficient use of mobile applications.
Correlations of high miRNA expressions with traditional proteins and prognosis of breast cancer
Authors: Chen Jianrong , Zhang Haiyong , Li Xiufang , Hu Mengjun
Published: July 2024

Background

In this study, we aimed to analyze the correlations of high expressions of micro ribonucleic acids (miRNAs) with traditional proteins and prognosis of breast cancer.

Methods

The clinical data of 60 breast cancer patients treated from August 2018 to July 2019 were retrospectively analyzed. All the patients received radical mastectomy combined with postoperative adjuvant chemoradiotherapy and were followed up for 3 years after treatment. The 3-year survival was recorded. The surviving patients were included in a good prognosis group, and the deceased ones were assigned to a poor prognosis group. The levels of miRNAs (miR-182, miR-155, and miR-217) and traditional breast cancer proteins [estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR), human epidermal growth factor receptor-2 (CerbB-2/HER-2), and cell proliferation factor-67 (Ki-67)] were measured. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was plotted to investigate the predictive value of miRNA levels for poor prognosis.

Results

The relative expressions of miR-182, miR-155 and miR-217 were negatively correlated with ER and PR (r<0, P<0.05), but positively correlated with positive Ki-67 expression (r>0, P<0.05). High relative expressions of miR-182, miR-155 and miR-217 and positive Ki-67 expression were risk factors for poor prognosis, and the positive expressions of ER and PR were protective factors (OR<1, P<0.05). The areas under the curves of the relative expressions of miR-182, miR-155 and miR-217 and combined detection for predicting poor prognosis all exceeded 0.70. The combined detection had the highest predictive value.

Conclusions

The high expressions of miR-182, miR-155 and miR-217 are correlated with the expressions of traditional breast cancer proteins ER, PR, and Ki-67, and may predict the prognosis of breast cancer patients.
Assessment of ocrelizumab impact on neurofilament levels in multiple sclerosis patients
Authors: Maier Smaranda , Huțanu Adina , Bărcuțean Laura , Sărmășan Emanuela , Bălașa Rodica
Published: July 2024

Background

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a debilitating neurological disease characterized by inflammation, demyelination, and neurodegeneration in the central nervous system. Despite extensive research, the pathology of MS remains incompletely understood. Ocrelizumab (OCRE), a monoclonal antibody targeting CD20-positive B cells, has shown efficacy in relapsing (RR) and primary progressive (PP) MS. Neurofilaments (Nf) are emerging biomarkers of neuroaxonal injury, reflecting disease activity and treatment response in MS. This study aimed to assess the impact of OCRE on serum Nf levels (NfLs) in RRMS and PPMS patients and explore factors influencing treatment response.

Methods

A prospective study included 23 RRMS and PPMS patients initiating OCRE and 23 healthy controls. Serum NfLs were quantified using ELISA. Statistical analyses evaluated changes in NfLs and factors influencing treatment response.

Results

MS patients exhibited significantly higher NfLs than controls. OCRE treatment led to a significant reduction in NfLs after one cycle. Age and gender influenced treatment response, with older patients and females experiencing greater NfL reduction. Disability level and disease duration did not significantly affect NfLs reduction. Both RRMS and PPMS patients showed decreased NfLs levels with OCRE treatment.

Conclusions

In conclusion, OCRE demonstrated efficacy in reducing NfLs levels in RRMS and PPMS patients after one cycle, with potential age and gender-related variations in treatment response. Larger longitudinal studies are needed to further elucidate OCRE’s mechanisms and implications for personalized MS treatment.
Implementing essential requirements of the ISO 17043:2023 for a proficiency testing provider as a step towards accreditation achievement
Authors: Ilinca Radu , Luțescu Dan Adrian , Sfeatcu Ruxandra Ionela , Iosif Laura , Wagner Andreea , Țâncu Ana Maria Cristina
Published: July 2024

Successful participation in Proficiency Testing/Interlaboratory Comparison (PT/ILC) schemes is a method to ensure validity of results for any laboratory. It is also a component of a complex of means for demonstrating technical competence of a laboratory as an organization. The new accreditation standard ISO 17043 for PT providers together with the newly updated ILAC Policy of PT participation introduce a different perspective on the activity of PT provider in regard to quality assurance.

Technical and management requirements from the ISO 17043:2023 that are essential for a competent activity of PT/provider are identified with a rationale for their increased importance. This importance is related both to the practical impact on the PT/ILC providers’ customers (laboratories) activity and laboratory benefits of participation in PT/ILS schemes besides the traditional qualitative and quantitative interpretation of their participation.

Identified requirements are accompanied by a practical and explained potential implementation strategy which is aligned with the ILAC Policy on PT/ILC participation.

Successful implementation of the essential requirements of the ISO 17043:2023 is a necessary step for any PT/ILC provider that seeks credibility on the proficiency testing market. Such implementation may also be an important step towards full implementation of the ISO 17043:2023 and achieving accreditation thus benefiting from full confidence in the activities of the provider.
Development of Teaching Module Based on the Merdeka Curriculum with the Application of Character Integrated Problem Solving Model
Authors: Nurhafidhah Nurhafidhah , Mauliza* Mauliza , Yani Ahmad Fauzi Syahputra , Aprilia Rapita , Zatya Ismi , Wan Mustapha Wan Zumusni
Published: July 2024

Starting in 2022, the merdeka curriculum can be implemented by educational units even though they are not Driving Schools. One of the learning tools needed to implement the independent curriculum is teaching modules. The lack of sources of information and examples of the application of the character integrated learning model in developing teaching modules is an urgency in this research. The aim of this research is to develop an independent curriculum teaching module by implementing an integrated problem solving model of character education in science lessons that is valid and feasible and can be well received by teachers as product users. This research uses research and development (RD) methods, with the ADDIE (analysis, design, development, implement and evaluation) development model. The instruments used were interview guides, questionnaire sheets and observations. The population in this research is teachers at Langsa City State Middle School, the research sample was taken using a purposive sampling technique. The product produced in this research is a science learning teaching module with an integrated problem solving model of character education. The teaching module developed is valid and suitable for use in science learning, with a percentage score of 89.2% in the very valid category. Apart from that, the teacher response to the teaching module product was 89% in the very good category. Therefore, it is recommended that this integrated problem solving model of character education science teaching module be implemented in learning to determine its effectiveness and influence on student learning outcomes.
Pengaruh Lokasi, Kualitas Produk dan Kualitas Pelayanan Terhadap Minat Beli Ulang Produk di Pondok Bakso Kang Bongkot Kabupaten Tegal
Authors: Wijayanto Ade , Prihadi Deddy
Published: July 2024

The lack of a number of waiters becomes a problem when providing services to consumers is slow and often gets complaints from consumers. In addition, Pondok Bakso Kang Bongkot has never been a research site during the COVID-19 pandemic, so it is hoped that this research will be a reference and benefit for business owners. This research uses quantitative methods. The population in this study were consumers who visited Pondok Bakso Kang Bongkot. The data collection technique used is a questionnaire or questionnaire method. The Research Instrument Test used in this study includes the Validity and Reliability Test. MSI, Classical assumption test includes Normality Test, Multicollinearity Test, Heteroscedasticity Test and multiple linear regression analysis. The results of the study prove that there is an influence of Location, Product Quality, and Service Quality on Product Repurchase Interest at Pondok Bakso Kang Bongkot. The results of the calculation of the t-count analysis: 1) Location of Repurchase Interest obtained tcount value of 1.071 and sig value of 0.287 <0.05. 2) Product Quality on Repurchase Interest obtained tcount value of 3.629 and sig value of 0.000 <0.05. 3) Quality of Service on Repurchase Interest obtained tcount value of 1.969 and sig value of 0.052 <0.05. 4) The result of the F test calculation has a value of 53,457 where the value of the Fcount of the variable is greater than Ftable, which is 2.70 and has a significant value of 0.000 where the value is smaller than the significant value of 0.05 and the Adjust R square value of 0.614. The conclusions in this study 1) This study proves that Location has a significant positive effect on the Buying Interest of Pondok Bakso Kang Bongkot Products, 2) This study proves that Product Quality has a significant positive effect on the Repurchase Interest of Pondok Bakso Kang Bongkot Products, 3) This study proves that Service Quality has a significant positive effect on the Buying Interest of Pondok Bakso Kang Bongkot Products, and 4) This study proves that Location, Product Quality and Service Quality have a joint effect on the Buying Interest of Pondok Bakso Kang Bongkot Products.