bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Ontological and epistemological bases of the study of market constitution through practices
Authors: Da Silva Elvis Magno , Pinto Dayse Mota Rosa , Ferreira Ricardo dos Santos , Damasceno Denys do Livramento , Lima Giovanna Martins Bonilha , Santana Larissa Monteiro , De Azevedo Naassom Batista
Published: July 2024

Market practices provide a framework for exploring markets, which in turn require a better understanding of each other, because researchers and academics often approach markets more normatively. Recently, some scholars have begun to reconnect marketing/economics and markets, developing understandings based on the theories of practices. To contribute to this advance, the objective proposed by this work is to present the ontological and epistemological bases for studying market practices according to the seminal works of Kjellberg and Helgesson (2006/2007). In the end, it can be concluded that an approach to the constitution of markets based on practices assumes a relativistic ontological position. It is relativistic because it assumes that: what it is, is relative to the multiple associations that promote it. Therefore, it is a multiparadigmatic approach. Different contexts and social relations generate different meanings and actions due to the historical and cultural character of the production of these meanings. Researchers must be attentive to the ontology of the place in which relational realities are constructed, focusing their attention on the way people construct and organize reality.
The significance of Sepedi folktales in teaching 21st century skills
Authors: Maledu Ablonia Dihloriso
Published: July 2024

The aim of the study is to highlight the importance of folktales in the teaching of 21st Century skills in the Sepedi language classrooms. The learning skills to be discussed are communication, creativity, collaboration and critical thinking. The study followed qualitative approach and the data collection method used was document analysis method. The theory adopted for the study is Ethnography of Communication by Hymes (1962), supported with Text-Based Approach for Language Teaching as stated in Sepedi Curriculum and Assessment Policy Statement (CAPS: 2011). The findings for the study revealed that folktales have been around as long as the existence of man and they played a very important role in the teaching of indigenous people on how to go about in their lives. The study recommends that folktales should be part of the formal education and be given high recognition like other genres that are being taught in schools, also should be formally assessed. The study will benefit teachers and learners due to the fact that learners will be able to relate to the texts and learning will be easy for them.
The Direct Cholinomimetics and Cholinergic Blocking Agents Depend on Stereo Specificity of Cholinergic Receptors
Authors: Ayyad Rezk R. , Mansour Ahmed M. , Nejm Ahmed M. , Hassan Yasser Abdel Allem , Ayyad Ahmed R.
Published: July 2024

The cholinergic receptors are the site of action of acetylcholine (Ach) and acetylcholine like substance and anti-cholinergic agents, these receptors either muscarinic receptors or nicotinic receptors the exactly difference between them the area of receptor, where the muscarinic receptor is short than nicotinic receptor (nearly 4.5 and 6 Angstrom, respectively) and the muscarine act on muscarinic receptors and nicotine act on nicotinic receptors. The direct cholinomimetics and cholinergic blocking agents are characterized by chemical features adjustment with these receptors. This can be explained by the structure activity relationship (SAR) of direct cholinomimetic and cholinergic blocking agent drugs. The important examples of stereo specificity of receptors are hexamethonium and decamethonium, which is binding with the nicotinic receptor by specific mechanism (via width and length respectively of the receptor).
Research on the Application of Blockchain Technology in Global Supply Chain Information Sharing — Enhancing Transparency and Collaboration
Authors: Ardent Sterling B.
Published: July 2024

The globalization of trade and commerce has introduced complexities in supply chain management (SCM), necessitating effective information sharing for enhanced transparency and collaboration. Traditional SCM systems, characterized by centralized databases and intermediaries, often lead to inefficiencies and information silos. This paper explores the application of blockchain technology in SCM, highlighting its potential to address these challenges by providing a decentralized, immutable, and secure platform for information sharing. Through a comprehensive review of literature and analysis of case studies in the food, pharmaceutical, and retail industries, this study demonstrates how blockchain enhances transparency, traceability, and efficiency. The findings indicate significant improvements in key performance metrics such as transparency, cost reduction, and risk management post-blockchain implementation. However, the study also identifies several challenges, including scalability, integration with existing systems, and regulatory compliance. The practical implications for supply chain managers and businesses are discussed, emphasizing the need for collaborative efforts and supportive regulatory frameworks to fully realize the benefits of blockchain technology in SCM.
Fortuitous Discovery of Splenic Artery Aneurysm: About Two Cases
Authors: MAHIR M. , DAHA I. , SLIOUI B. , BELASRI S. , HAMMOUNE N. , MOUHSINE
Published: July 2024

Incidental findings of splenic artery aneurysms during imaging studies have underscored the importance of medical imaging in diagnosing and managing such conditions. We present two cases where splenic artery aneurysms were fortuitously discovered through imaging, highlighting the significance of imaging modalities in these cases.
Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor γ (PPAR γ): A Systemic Insulin Sensitizer Associated with Decreased Risk of Type 2 Diabetes
Authors: Mohajan Devajit , Mohajan Haradhan Kumar
Published: July 2024

The peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs) are three members of the nuclear receptor prearranged by separate genes as PPARα, PPARβ/δ, and PPARγ that differ in tissue distribution and specific function. PPARγ is a nuclear receptor highly expressed in the colon, and plays a key role in bacterial induced inflammation. It is a mediator of adipocyte differentiation that regulates transcription of several genes involved in fatty acid and energy metabolism. It is known as the glitazone reverse insulin resistance receptor or nuclear receptor subfamily 1, group C, member 3 (NR1C3). It is activated by anti-diabetic Thiazolidinedione (TZD) drugs and is used as insulin sensitizers and also a favorite option for the treatment of T2D patients. It is used as monotherapy or in combination with other oral hypoglycaemic agents, which are generally safe and well-tolerated. The aim of this mini review is to discuss the potential roles of PPARγ for the prevention and treatment of T2D.
Mechanism of Meditation and the Human’s Plexus System for Acquiring Transcendental Powers
Authors: Shrestha Mahesh Man
Published: July 2024

The process of meditation resembles the principles of string theory, wherein the individual’s unit or personal mind traverses through infinitesimal quantum strings, swiftly arriving at desired destinations. Meditation, being a construct of thoughts, facilitates the enhancement of the human mind’s wavelength to infinity, aligning it with higher planes and unlocking mystical abilities. Each plexus possesses unique propensities, expressed through vibrating words, dimensions, or vrittis. These plexuses emit specific sounds, termed acoustic roots, which exert control over corresponding physical organs. Spiritual practice involves the purification and regulation of these plexuses. Throughout history, certain ascetics or spiritual practitioners, commonly known as sadhus or babas, have reportedly attained miraculous powers and prolonged their lives beyond 250 years by energizing their plexus systems through meditation.
Child Oral Health Management: Prevention, Early Diagnosis, and Intervention Strategies
Authors: Fei Weiwu
Published: July 2024

This paper explores various aspects of childhood oral health management, including prevention, early diagnosis, and intervention strategies. This paper reviews the epidemiological data of pediatric oral diseases, highlighting the high incidence of dental caries and periodontal disease in the pediatric population. This paper details multiple preventive measures, such as the use of fluoride and the importance of oral health education, which can help to reduce the incidence of oral diseases. This paper analyzes early diagnostic techniques and therapeutic approaches, including digital imaging and laser diagnostic techniques, highlighting the key role of these techniques in early detection and intervention in oral diseases. This paper presents a series of intervention strategies to improve the oral health of children through integrated management. The results show that systematic prevention and early intervention measures have significant effects in controlling and reducing oral diseases in children.
Modulatory Effects of Aqueous Moringa Olifera Extract in Lead Mediated Endometriosis in Wistar Rats
Authors: Idoko Gabriel , Onoja Peter , Beega Paul , Kiekwe Vershima , Aende Thaedeus , Mlumun Moses , Omirida Paul , Akunna Gabriel , Saalu Linus
Published: July 2024

Context: The study aims to evaluate the modulatory effect of an aqueous extract of Moringa olifera on lead-mediated endometriosis in Wistar rats. Settings and Design: Twenty-five female Wistar rats were used for the study. The rats were divided into five groups, each containing five rats, and were treated daily for fourteen days. Group I (Control) was administered 5ml/Kg of distilled water per oral (PO), Group II was given 50mg/Kg of Lead PO, Group III was given 50mg/Kg Lead and 100mg/Kg of aqueous Moringa olifera extract (AMOE), Group IV received 50mg/Kg Lead plus 200mg/Kg AMOE while Group V received 50mg Lead plus 300mg AMOE PO. Results: At the end of the experiment, there was decreased estrogen level across the groups with only group II being significant (P<0.5) relative to the control, Progesterone levels increased significantly in all the groups relative to the control, Inflammatory markers Interleukin-6 levels decreased significantly in all the treated groups relative to the control group(P<0.5), however only groups II and III showed significant increases in Tissue necrotic factor. SOD levels decreased significantly in all the treated groups while MDA increased in groups II, III, and V (P<0.5). Histologically, Groups II-V showed varying degrees of loose cytoplasmic content, cell edema, and vascular degeneration with Group II also displaying extensive hemorrhage, the number of primordial follicles decreased significantly across groups II-V, primary follicles also decreased significantly in groups II and III, while secondary follicles increased significantly in Groups III and V (P<0.5). Conclusion: Results showed that Lead could induce endometriosis, especially through oxidative stress, AMOE, however, offers a modulatory effect, adjudged by it’s effects on inflammatory markers, hormone concentration as well as oxidative stress markers.
Misdiagnosis of Lumbar Septic Spondylitis as Lumbar Tuberculosis: A Case Report and Literature Review
Authors: Zhang Dongwen , Li Ao , Wei Jingchao
Published: July 2024

Pyogenic spondylitis (PS) is relatively rare. Its clinical symptoms, laboratory tests, and early imaging findings lack distinct features, making it easily misdiagnosed as tuberculous spondylitis (TS). In February 2022, the Department of Orthopedics at Hebei Provincial People’s Hospital admitted a patient with PS. This paper presents the case details and reviews the relevant literature.
Logical Argumentation and Persuasion in Interpersonal Communication
Authors: Lyle Alexis A.
Published: July 2024

Logical argumentation and persuasion are pivotal components of effective interpersonal communication. This paper examines the principles and methods of logical argumentation, the role of persuasion in communication, and how these elements intertwine to enhance understanding and influence within personal and professional interactions. By analyzing theoretical frameworks and practical applications, this paper elucidates the mechanisms through which logical argumentation and persuasive techniques can be employed to improve communication outcomes. The integration of logical, emotional, and ethical appeals is explored, highlighting their combined impact on fostering better relationships, decision-making, and influence.
Interactional Dynamics of Resistance in B2B Cold Calling
Authors: Hao Zixuan
Published: July 2024

This study explores resistance in business-to-business “cold” sales calls using conversation analysis. By analyzing 162 recorded sales calls, we identify two primary practices—blocks and stalls—that prospects use to resist sales attempts. Blocks involve attempts to terminate the interaction, while stalls delay the sales process. Our findings highlight resistance as an interactive accomplishment rather than a cognitive process, offering new insights into the dynamics of sales encounters. These insights have significant implications for enhancing sales training and improving salesperson-client interactions.
Business Planning and Organizational Profitability: A Study of PPMC Approach
Authors: Cletus Rabson Iniobong , Wisdom Akwari , Ita Rufus Emmanuel-Ubong , Eja Bassey Gift , Sezuo Haruna Adamu , Ogar Christiana Joseph
Published: July 2024

The purpose of the study was to examine business planning and organizational profitability. A study of selected organizations in Cross River State, Nigeria. The objectives were to determine the relationship between marketing plan and company turnover rate, to determine the relationship between financial plan and company market share and to determine the relationship between personal plan and quality of product. Desk survey method was used in gathering relevant information on Business corporate planning and organizational profitability. The study adopted Pearson Product Moment Correlation Statistical tool to examine the relationship between independent and dependent variables. Based on the analysis, the findings revealed that marketing plan had a significant relationship with company turnover rate, financial plan had a significant relationship with company market share and personal plan had a significant relationship with quality of product. The study recommended that policies should be disseminated down the line of management. There is an urgent need for all corporate management units to develop a policy that will be non-ambiguous, set out clear targets with well-defined objectives.
The Transition of South Korea’s Economic Growth Drivers — From Labor-Intensive to Knowledge-Intensive Industries
Authors: Lee Dong-hyun , Choi Hyun-seok
Published: July 2024

This paper examines the remarkable economic transformation of South Korea from the 1960s to the present, focusing on the transition from labor-intensive to knowledge-intensive industries. Initially, South Korea’s economic strategy centered on export-oriented industrialization, leveraging labor-intensive sectors such as textiles, footwear, and electronics assembly. This approach facilitated rapid GDP growth, increased employment rates, and significant urbanization. However, in the 1980s, South Korea began shifting towards more technologically advanced and capital-intensive industries in response to rising wages, global competition, and changing market demands. Strategic government policies, including substantial investments in research and development (R&D) and educational reforms, played a crucial role in this transition. By the 2000s, South Korea had successfully developed a robust innovation ecosystem, with key industries such as information and communication technology (ICT), biotechnology, finance, and cultural industries driving economic growth. The study highlights the importance of strategic government intervention, investment in human capital, and fostering an innovation-friendly environment. The paper concludes with policy implications for other developing economies and suggestions for future research.
Real Estate and Money Laundering in Cameroon: A Legal Appraisal
Authors: Munge Sone Patience , Rene Ntoko Ntonga , Kiye Mikano Emmanuel , Baiye Enow Godwill
Published: July 2024

The regulation of the real estate sector to combat money laundering in Cameroon is critical due to its susceptibility to illicit financial activities. Real estate refers to property consisting of land, buildings, and natural resources attached to or within the land. It includes both the physical structures such as residential homes, commercial buildings, and industrial facilities and the land on which they are situated. The real estate sector refers to the industry involved in buying, selling, leasing, and developing land, buildings, and properties. It encompasses various activities and stakeholders related to both residential and commercial real estate. This study provides a legal appraisal of the current regulatory framework governing real estate transactions in Cameroon, with a focus on its effectiveness in mitigating money laundering risks. The analysis explores the regulatory mechanisms in place, including legal provisions, regulatory bodies, and enforcement practices. The study adopts a qualitative research methodology which makes use of empirical methods such as observation. It also makes use of the doctrinal method which entails content analysis of primary and secondary data. The ensuing result reveal that the sector is vulnerable as there is the absent of regulatory framework tailored to combat money laundering this sector which poses a great threat to same. The study proposes recommendations to strengthen the regulatory framework, enhance transparency, and foster international cooperation to combat money laundering effectively in Cameroon’s real estate market. By addressing these issues, the study contributes to broader efforts aimed at promoting financial integrity, ensuring sustainable development, and protecting the national economy from illicit financial flows.
Based on the QQK Corpus — Mistake Analysis of Korean Students’ Momentum Complement “次” and Teaching Designs
Authors: Ma Jiexin
Published: July 2024

Momentum complement “次” plays an important role in the daily communication of Chinese as Second language learners. This paper searches and extracts the QQK corpus of Korean students’ use of the momentum complement “次”, and analyses the corpus in terms of the four types of mistakes: omission, misordering, substitution, and misaddition. The three main reasons for the mistakes are summarised in the corpus: negative transfer of mother tongue, negative transfer of target language and the influence of learning communication strategies. Based on this, a practical teaching design is proposed to optimise the learning path of Korean students in the learning of the “次” of the momentum complement.
A Study of the Relationship Between Learning Motivation and Learning Strategies in Primary School Students
Authors: Shi Qingyang
Published: July 2024

In the past decade or so, educators have carried out a number of studies centered on the important topic of “teaching students to learn”, among which the studies on learning motivation and learning strategies have attracted particular attention. Under the current exam-based education system in China, academic performance is the fundamental means of measuring students’ learning, and motivation and learning strategies, as extremely important factors affecting students’ learning, have a direct impact on students’ academic performance. Good learning motivation and scientific learning strategies have a certain improvement effect on students’ learning attitudes and behaviors, which can help students, learn more effectively and improve their knowledge and academic performance. The purpose of this research is to study the relationship between learning motivation and learning strategies of primary school students. The present study aims to bridge this gap by conducting a questionnaire survey among elementary school students in an elementary school in Kunming, Yunnan Province, to provide insights into the relationship between motivations and learning strategies among elementary school students, taking into account the influence of a more comprehensive set of variables. The study found that students with higher intrinsic motivation tended to use effective learning strategies to help them learn, and that girls tended to use the right learning strategies to learn more than boys. This study will help to improve our understanding of the learning process of primary school students and provide parents, teachers, and policy makers with further insights and guidance that will help to improve students’ motivation and adoption of effective learning strategies.
Omicron Variant of COVID-19 Pandemic as Correlates of Periods Allocation of Basic Science Curriculum Implementation in Junior Secondary Schools in Nigeria
Authors: Adegbola Funmi Florence
Published: July 2024

This study investigated the Omicron Variant of the COVID-19 pandemic as a correlate of Periods Allocation of Basic Science Curriculum in Junior Secondary Schools in Ekiti State. The research procedure involves descriptive research of survey type. Participants were 320 Basic Science students who were randomly selected across four Local Government areas in Ekiti State. Data were collected with the instruments titled Implementation of “Basic Science Curriculum Questionnaire (IBSC) and Teachers Assessment Questionnaire (TAQ).” The reliability of the instruments was determined through Cronbach Alpha, and this yielded a correlation coefficient of 0.74 and 0.78 for IBSCQ and TAQ, respectively at 0.05 level of significance. Descriptive statistics such as frequency count, percentages, means, graphs and standard deviation were used to analyse the data. The results revealed that the Omicron Variant of the COVID-19 Pandemic affects enough periods on the school timetable for the implementation of the Basic Science curriculum.
Mining Law in Cameroon: A Blueprint for Investors in the Sector
Authors: Baiye Enow Godwill
Published: July 2024

Cameroon is currently at an important crossroads as far as the development of the mining sector is concerned. In recent times, the mining sector has undergone series of legislative reforms with the aim to spur the interest of investors in this sector of the economy. These legislative reforms have also been in line with the country’s vision to become emergent by 2035, with the mining sector been one of those sectors to spur the realization of this vision. This paper therefore aims at examining the extent to which the Cameroonian mining law has become a tool to attract investors in this sector of the economy which in the past decades has witnessed a downturn of investors. The paper makes use of the qualitative research methods. Despite significant strides that the Cameroonian government has made to make to lure the interest of investors, inadequacies of the mining law, lack of transparency and accountability, discrimination in terms of obtaining certain mining licences and political instability are the major setbacks that has hindered the continuous growth of the sector. It is in this light that the research recommends both nationals and non-nationals should be involved in artisanal mining, tax and customs incentives should not only be limited to holders of semi mechanized and industrial mining permits or licences, transparency and accountability should be strengthened through continuous publication of mining data and declaration of revenue obtained from this sector, and rehabilitation of the mining sites should be effectively supervised by the concerned body.
An Innovative Approach in Gastronomy: Ultrasound Technology
Authors: Baslar Mehmet
Published: July 2024

Ultrasound, which uses high-frequency sound waves, induces significant physical and chemical changes in food products, making it a valuable tool for various applications. It enhances food safety, quality, and preparation efficiency by improving mass transfer, disrupting cellular structures, and accelerating chemical reactions. This review aims to explore the integration of ultrasound technology into gastronomy, emphasizing its potential impact on modern culinary practices. Firstly, ultrasound effectively reduces microbial loads and chemical residues on food surfaces, enhancing food safety. Secondly, in food processing applications, ultrasound accelerates marination processes and improves meat tenderness, with ultrasonic cutting providing precision in processing foods. Thirdly, ultrasound improves the stability of emulsions and the consistency of homogenized products. This technology's ability to create stable foams, accelerate gel formation, and extract aromatic compounds paves the way for new gastronomic discoveries. Additionally, in the realm of diagnostic and quality control, ultrasound enables rapid and non-invasive quality assessments. The primary focus areas of this review include the applications of ultrasound in decontamination, marination, tenderization, cutting, diagnostic analysis, homogenization, emulsification, dehydration, rehydration, and molecular gastronomy. This study demonstrates that ultrasound technology not only enhances the sensory and aesthetic qualities of food but also supports innovative culinary techniques in molecular gastronomy. Based on a comprehensive literature search and professional experiences, this review concludes that the integration of ultrasound in gastronomy has the potential to significantly enhance food preparation methods, contributing to more efficient, creative, and high-quality culinary experiences.
Psychrotrophic Bacteria and Yeast Populations in Turkish White and Tulum Cheeses
Authors: Tunaydın Sacide Bengu , Güvercin Sercan , Ervan Abit , Ozturk Ismet
Published: July 2024

In this study, pH and microbiological (psychrotrophic bacteria and yeast) properties of White and Tulum cheeses were investigated. According to the results of our study, the lowest pH value identified was 4.42, and the highest pH was 5.84 in the cheese samples. Psychrotrophic bacteria counts ranged from 4.15 to 6.21 log CFU/g for White cheese and 4.02 to 6.15 log CFU/g for Tulum cheese. Psychrotrophic yeast counts ranged from 2.98 to 7.58 log CFU/g for White cheese and 2.99 to 6.77 log CFU/g for Tulum cheese. The highest values of psychrotrophic yeast were detected in the Tulum cheese samples. As a result, it was determined that the numbers of psychrotrophic bacteria and yeast were high in both Tulum and White cheese samples. These high numbers of psychrotrophic microorganisms during cheese storage in the refrigerator may increase even further and reduce shelf life. To extend the shelf life of these cheeses, it is recommended to ensure hygienic handling practices and explore the use of natural preservatives or modified atmosphere packaging.
An Analysis of Current Scenario and Future Prospects for District Central Cooperative Bank Raipur, Chhattisgarh, India
Authors: Dhruw Bebika , Jain B.C. , Choudhary V.K. , Bhagat Rohit Kumar , Kaushal Reshma
Published: July 2024

In India, cooperative banks play a crucial role in providing financial services to rural and urban areas. Members of these banks, who are usually from the same community or profession, own and run these institutions. The present study intends to analyse the critical evaluation of the cooperative credit sector in India as well as in Raipur. The study examines progress well and highlights the emerging role and challenges of the cooperative sector. The district-level bank representatives were personally visited to gather the data. The primary sources of secondary data will be the DCCBs' published annual reports, journals, audit reports, and office documents. Cooperatives are considered to have immense potential to deliver goods and services in areas where both the state and the private sector have failed.
Transforming Key Industries in Rivers State: The Impact of Automation and Artificial Intelligence on the Future of Work
Authors: Onyekwere Lawretta Adaobi
Published: July 2024

The study investigated automation, artificial intelligence and the future of work in key industries in Rivers State. Four research questions and four corresponding hypotheses were formulated to understand how AI automation relationship s job security, skill requirements, workforce adaptation, employee well-being, and work-life balance in these industries. The research uses a correlational research design and the target population comprises employees from key industries in Rivers State, including manufacturing, agriculture, healthcare, and technology sectors. A stratified random sampling technique was employed to draw a sample size of 54 employees across these industries. The self-structured questionnaire titled “Automation and Artificial Intelligence Integration in Industries Questionnaire (AAIIIQ)” and “Future of Work Questionnaire (FWQ)” using a 4-point Likert scale ranging from Very Low Extent (1) to Very High Extent (4). The questionnaire was distributed within the dry season of November 2023 to February 2024. During this period, 54 copies were distributed, but only 49 were returned. Of these, 2 were not correctly filled out, leaving the researcher with only 47 valid copies that were used for data analysis. To ensure content validity, the questionnaire was reviewed by experts in the field of Organizational Behaviour and Information and Communication Technology (ICT). The reliability of the instrument was assessed using the test-retest method with a sample of 10 participants which were not part of the main sample size, but within the study’s population. The questionnaire was distributed twice at a two-week interval, and the responses were analyzed using the Pearson Product-Moment Correlation (PPMC). A reliability index of .87 was calculated based on the outcomes of this analysis. Mean and standard deviation, was used to answer the research questions, Pearson’s Product-Moment Correlation (PPMC), was utilized to test hypotheses at a significance level of 0.05. The findings underscore the critical importance of considering the effects of AI automation on job security, workforce adaptation, employee well-being, and organizational strategies.  Conclusion, the study’s findings underscore the transformative nature of AI automation on the future of work in key industries in Rivers State. By recognizing and responding to these changes, organizations can harness the full potential of AI automation while mitigating its potential negative impacts. The study recommended that organizations should prioritize employee training and development, offering opportunities for upskilling and reskilling to ensure their workforce remains competitive and adaptable to technological advancements.
GNESSIN ETHNOMUSICOLOGY IN PERSONALITIES: TATIANA NIKOLAEVNA KAZANSKAYA
Authors: Belogurova Larisa ,   Gnesin Russian Academy of Music
Published: July 2024

The article is devoted to Tatiana Nikolaevna Kazanskaya (1937–2021), a professional violinist who worked for a long time in Gnessin educational institutions, and at the same time an ethnoinstrumentologist, a talented collector and researcher of the Smolensk violin tradition. Having not received a special education in the field of musical folklore, Kazanskaya turned out to be a born, outstanding ethnoinstrumentologist-field worker with rare intuition and in many ways anticipated the principles of field practice much later. The main period of her collecting activity falls on the 1960s–1970s, when she identified 50 violinists, recorded about 700 instrumental tunes and established the boundaries of the Smolensk violin area. The study of Kazanskaya folk violin culture is characterized by a socio-anthropological orientation, a desire for the practical development of traditional playing techniques, an interest in the process of teaching village violinists, an objective assessment of their musical repertoire. Kazanskaya owns a large number of musical transcriptions of Smolensk violin tunes, among which the score notations of violin and vocal-instrumental ensembles are of particular value. The theoretical studies of T.N. Kazanskaya are distinguished by boldness and independence of judgments. She has interesting observations on the textural organization of Western Russian violin music, stroke technique and structural features of folk instrumental compositions. The acoustic analysis of the pitch in Smolensk violin tunes carried out by Kazan remains a unique experience in the national ethnomusicology to this day.
VOCAL CYCLE OF N. Y. MYASKOVSKY «REFLECTIONS»: POETIC WORD AND MUSIC
Authors: Bukrinskaya Margarita ,   Gnesin Russian Academy of Music, Burdinova Elena ,   Gnesin Russian Academy of Music
Published: July 2024

The article examines N. Myaskovsky's early vocal cycle «Reflections», written in the early period of creativity, from the perspective of the relationship between the poetic text and the musical language, emphasizes the special importance of this composition in the composer's work. In the study of the peculiarities of the organization of poetic speech and its influence on musical stylistics, the authors come to the following conclusions. The use of iambics, enjambment, alliteration, adherence to the Old Slavonic and church vocabulary to embody «high style», following the traditions of German romanticism when describing nature and appeal to antique models can be pointed out in the structure of poems. The affinity of Baratynsky's world of art and the Symbolists’ poetry was also revealed. The language of music is characterized by leitmotiv, dominance of plagal progressions, the contrast of diatonicism and active chromaticism to create a romantic duality. The composer uses the method of pentatonic scale and avoids tonic where the poetic text speaks of illusory worlds or of the future. The authors conclude that many of the music language elements discovered will be further developed in Myaskovsky's later works.
DIGITAL OPERA PROJECTS BY DMITRY OTYAKOVSKY
Authors: Nagina Dana ,   Gnesin Russian Academy of Music
Published: July 2024

In recent years, musical theater has shown a steady increase in the use of digital technologies. Dmitry Otyakovsky, a Russian opera director and author of digital music projects, highlights three approaches to using digital technologies in opera: the digital as an expressive means; the digital as a form; the digital as a genre. This article discusses three productions by Otyakovsky based on the approaches described above. The online story The Snow Queen (music by Rustam Sagdiev, production by the Hermitage Theater) uses digital technologies as an expressive means. Here, live acting is combined with sand animation, computer-generated imagery and screenlife aesthetics. Part of the Let’s Play Opera project, The Miserly Knight with music by Sergei Rachmaninoff is an online performance. Each singer’s part is prerecorded, while the screenlife format is supplemented with a video game. The characters of the opera use social networks and video conferencing for communication. They also play an online role-playing game Sphere. Glossary 2.0 (music by Evgeny Voitenko) is a digital opera where all the musical and theatrical elements are composed with the help of digital technologies. Among them is the libretto developed by a human and a neural network, electronic music, and media installations used as scenery. Otyakovsky’s projects are brave artistic and technological experiments that pose important ethical and aesthetic issues. What happens to live communication in the world of Internet technologies? How should we judge the creativity and creative products made by a neural network? Finally, what should a modern opera be like and what is its future? Not striving for a massive transformation, Dmitry Otyakovsky, however, looks for the ways to revamp musical theater and attract new audiences.
«MUSICOLOGY IS A COMPLEX PHENOMENON...» From conversations with Natalia Sergeevna Gulyanitskaya
Authors: Naumenko Tatiana ,   Gnesin Russian Academy of Music
Published: July 2024

The proposed work is based on the material of a conversation with Natalia Sergeevna Gulyanitskaya, Doctor of Art History, Professor, Honored Worker of the Higher School of the Russian Federation. The conversation touched upon topics that invariably concern everyone who works at a higher educational institution — about the role of science and pedagogy and their intersections; about the influence of scientific and pedagogical schools; about unforgettable teachers. A special question is connected with the peculiarities of teaching harmony in our academy. Thanks, first of all, to Prof. Gulyanitskaya, this discipline began to be taught in a completely new way. Students of the late 1970s — early 1980s remembered the harmony of «Gulyanitskaya» as something unprecedented for that time. The novelty of the course was connected with the development of the latest musical material, Russian and Western, and with the rethinking of the role of harmony as part of the poetics of the artistic whole. The interview also touches on issues related to the introduction of new courses — Methodology of Musicology, Modern Composition.
CONCERT FOR DOMRA WITH THE ORCHESTRA OF RUSSIAN FOLK INSTRUMENTS BY BORIS KRAVCHENKO: EXPERIENCE IN PERFORMING ANALYSIS
Authors: Upanova Anastasia ,   Saint Petersburg Rimsky-Korsakov State Conservatory
Published: July 2024

The article presents a performance perspective of the interpretation of the Concert for Domra with the orchestra of Folk Instruments by the Leningrad composer Boris Petrovich Kravchenko. Despite the fact that the composition has taken a firm place in the repertoire of domrists, it has not yet become the subject of research. The article highlights the compositional features of the work in their connection with performing tasks. Special attention is paid to the most difficult fragments of the composition from the point of view of performance. The work may be relevant for performers.
FROM AN UNKNOWN VIOLIN HERITAGE: CONCERTO FOR VIOLIN AND ORCHESTRA BY R. M. GLIER
Authors: Khakhamov Dmitry ,   Gnesin Russian Academy of Music
Published: July 2024

The article is devoted to the Violin Concerto оp. 100 by Reinhold Moritsevich Glier — the last work not completed by the composer during his lifetime. The unique role of this composition in Glier's work is determined, the peculiarities of the stylistics, the tonal and harmonic language of the Concert are considered, special attention is paid to the performing difficulties in the solo violin part. The author expresses the hope that the article will contribute to the interest among performers in this work, undeservedly little known at the present time.
EXPRESSIVE POSSIBILITIES OF SECONDARY MEANINGS IN MUSIC
Authors: Stogniy Irina ,   Gnesin Russian Academy of Music
Published: July 2024

The article is devoted to understanding the expressive possibilities of secondary meanings in music, considering one of the ways to create subtexts — citations addressing perception to the primary source transformed as a result of quoting. The cited material is interpreted in a special perspective: not in the context of the problem of his own and someone else's, but in connection with his ability to form subtexts. The expressive possibilities of citations are considered on the example of the works of A. Honegger, D. Shostakovich, A. Schnittke, V. Ryabov, in which there are references to the works of J. S. Bach. There is a significant line in the musical culture of the XX-XXI centuries, referring not only to the original source, but also to its interpretations, so that all versions form a single Text. The discovery by composers of new dimensions of what existed when there is an appeal not even to the original source, but to its modifications, created rich opportunities for the formation of secondary (not in importance) meanings.
BALLET «DOUBLES» IN THE RUSSIAN THEATRE OF THE CATHERINE — ALEXANDER TIMES
Authors: Maximova Alexandra ,   Tchaikovsky Moscow State Conservatory
Published: July 2024

The European Ballet Theater has a long tradition of replenishing its repertoire with plots of operas, dramas and popular ballet productions. So on the stages of the capital's Russian theaters, since the formation of the ballet genre in the XVIII century, twin performances with the same names have appeared. This phenomenon of transformation of the work is almost not studied. In this regard, questions arise: what in the new version of the play can be considered original material, and what is borrowed? Does the plot, music, and set design remain in it? To solve these tasks, documentary sources are involved: unknown librettos, musical manuscripts of the studied ballets and compositions that form the basis of new theatrical versions. The original ways of «processing» are revealed, including with and without preserving the plot, with musical quoting of fragments of the original source and without quoting. It is proved that the presence or absence of borrowings is confirmed only by a scrupulous reconciliation of literary and musical texts of the original and derived compositions.
METHODS OF CANTILENA PERFORMANCE IN PIANO PLAYING AS A SYSTEM OF BIOMECHANICAL PRINCIPLES
Authors: Trushechkin Mikhail ,   Gnesin Russian Academy of Music
Published: July 2024

antilena music. The author analyzes the physical and psychological aspects of working with sound, consistently analyzes such technical components as preparing the finger for sound extraction, the position of the finger at the time of pressing the key, controlling the speed of pressing the key, using the movement of the extreme phalanx of the finger, the principle of using the elbow at the time of taking the sound. The role of dynamics in the construction of a melodic line is considered. Special attention is paid to the moment of control of musical thought in the intervals between taking sounds. The material of the article is based mainly on the personal pianistic experience of the author. However, the basic principles outlined in the article are confirmed by the opinion of recognized authorities in the field of piano art, such as G. Neuhaus, I. Hoffman, N. Perelman, V. Gornostaeva and others. The article is addressed to a wide range of piano teachers, as well as students of higher and secondary musical institutions.
Mirada crítica a la enseñanza de la gramática del francés lengua extranjera en Ecuador
Authors: Cabascango Vinueza Denise Jacqueline , Díaz Villarruel Jenny Jittomy , Clerque Acuña Karina del Pilar
Published: July 2024

La enseñanza-aprendizaje de una lengua extranjera incluye necesariamente una dimensión gramatical. El estudio de este componente lingüístico plantea ciertas dificultades para profesores y estudiantes, su tratamiento en clase de francés lengua extranjera tiene un nivel de complejidad debido a la cantidad de reglas y de excepciones que dificultan su aprendizaje. Por ello, esta investigación se centra en identificar la percepción que tienen los docentes y estudiantes sobre la complejidad de enseñar y aprender la gramática en clase de francés Lengua extranjera (FLE) en Ecuador. Para este trabajo investigativo se aplicó una encuesta a 50 docentes nativos y no nativos, profesores de francés lengua extranjera que trabajan en diferentes universidades ecuatorianas y que tienen a cargo estudiantes de entre 19 y 35 años. Entre los resultados destacan que el 66 % de docentes considera que la enseñanza de la gramática es difícil y constituye un desafío para docentes y estudiantes, mientras un 34 % no identifica el aprendizaje de este componente lingüístico como una dificultad, situación que permite inferir que los docentes no consideran esta dimensión gramatical como un tema a tomar en cuenta en el proceso de enseñanza en clase de francés.
Designing for/in the inclusive school
Authors: Montanari Mirca , Persi Rosella
Published: July 2024

The quality of inclusive education is, now more than ever in the post-pandemic historical phase, closely connected to the constant and profound renewal and transformative readjustment of design practices in every school order and grade. Educational design for all, for pupils with and without special educational needs, is an effective teaching tool that facilitates participation and reduces barriers to learning based on the framework provided by the main inclusive models (ICF, Universal Design for Learning). In identifying and attempting to remove the obstacles that may be generated within it, schools tend to embrace and promote a strong design culture that is attentive to the needs of all, committed to making a fertile contribution to the development of educational policies in the name of enhancing and interpreting the heterogeneity of differences in the classroom. In this perspective, several good inclusive school practices are examples of personalized and individualized teaching activities that, undertaken and implemented in concrete day-to-day operations, have a systemic impact on educational pathways without excluding anyone.
Unhu/Ubuntu theory as the basis of administrator-teacher relationship
Authors: Gomba Clifford
Published: July 2024

The teacher’s functionality depends on the working environment he/she is operating in and, in some ways, depends on the relationship with the headmaster. The relationship may be due to, but not limited to, leadership styles, personalities, and other attributes of both the teacher and the school management system. Workplace relationships influence the performance of employees in any organization. This grounded theory study aims to get an understanding of the basic social processes in administrator-teacher relationships and come up with an explanation of that kind of relationship. Eleven (n = 11) participants in the study were all qualified teachers, teaching at the two rural-based Catholic-run schools. Data collected through interviews were audiotaped, memoed, and transcribed. The results from this study showed that teachers classified their relationship with their administrators as professional/good, complicated and bad, selective treatment, supportive and indifferent, or no relationship; and all linked to having unhu/ubuntu or lack of it. It is the recommendation of this study that administrators should be trained, and have unhu/ubuntu philosophy when dealing with their teachers and students.