bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Mutations Affecting Transcriptional Termination in the P Gene End of Subacute Sclerosing Panencephalitis Viruses
Authors: Ayata Minoru , Komase Katsuhiro , Shingai Masashi , Matsunaga Isamu , Katayama Yuko , Ogura Hisashi
Published: November 2002

Numerous mutations are found in subacute sclerosing panencephalitis (SSPE) viruses, and the M gene is the gene most commonly affected. In some SSPE viruses, such as the MF, Osaka-1, Osaka-2, and Yamagata-1 strains, translation of the M protein is complicated by a transcriptional defect that leads to an almost exclusive synthesis of dicistronic P-M mRNA. To understand the molecular mechanisms of this defect, we sequenced the P gene at the P-M gene junction for several virus strains and probed the involvement of several mutations in the readthrough region via their expression in measles virus minigenomes containing different sequences of the P-M gene junction and flanking reporter genes. The deletion of a single U residue in the U tract of the Osaka-1 strain (3′-UAAUAUUUUU-5′) compared with the consensus sequence resulted in a marked reduction of the expression of the downstream reporter gene. In addition, the expression of the downstream gene was markedly decreased by (i) the substitution of a C residue in the U tract of the P gene end of the OSA-2/Fr/B strain of the Osaka-2 virus (3′-UGAUAUUCUU-5′ compared with the sequence 3′-UGAUAUUUUU-5′ from a sibling virus of the same strain, OSA-2/Fr/V), and (ii) the substitution of a G in the sequence of the P gene end of the Yamagata-1 strain at a variable site immediately upstream from the six-U tract (3′-UGAUGUUUUUU-5′ instead of 3′-UGAUUUUUUUU-5′). Mutations at the P gene end can account for the readthrough transcription variation at the P-M gene junction, which directly affects M protein expression.
Cellular Sequences in Pestivirus Genomes Encoding Gamma-Aminobutyric Acid (A) Receptor-Associated Protein and Golgi-Associated ATPase Enhancer of 16 Kilodaltons
Authors: Becher Paul , Thiel Heinz-Jürgen , Collins Margaret , Brownlie Joe , Orlich Michaela
Published: November 2002

The presence of cellular protein coding sequences within viral RNA genomes is a unique and particularly interesting feature of cytopathogenic (cp) pestiviruses. Here we report the identification and characterization of two novel cellular sequences in the genomes of cp bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV) strains. In BVDV strain CP X604, we detected a duplication of the genomic region encoding NS3, NS4A, and part of NS4B, together with an insertion of sequences that code for cellular gamma-aminobutyric acid (A) receptor-associated protein [GABA(A)-RAP]. Transient-expression studies showed that the GABA(A)-RAP sequence leads to additional processing of the viral polyprotein and thereby to the expression of nonstructural protein NS3. Transfection of bovine cells with RNA transcribed from an infectious cDNA clone revealed that the GABA(A)-RAP-encoding insertion together with the duplicated viral sequences constitutes the genetic basis for the cytopathogenicity of strain CP X604. Surprisingly, molecular analysis of another cp BVDV strain (CP 721) resulted in the identification of a cellular Golgi-associated ATPase enhancer of 16 kDa (GATE-16)-encoding insertion together with duplicated viral sequences. To our knowledge, the genomes of CP X604 and CP 721 are the first viral RNAs found with cellular sequences encoding GABA(A)-RAP and GATE-16, respectively. Interestingly, the two cellular proteins belong to a family of eukaryotic proteins involved in various intracellular trafficking processes. Processing after the C-terminal glycine residue of GABA(A)-RAP and GATE-16 by cellular proteases is essential for covalent attachment to target molecules. Accordingly, it can be assumed that these cellular proteases also recognize the cleavage sites in the context of the respective viral polyproteins and thereby lead to the generation of NS3, the marker protein of cp BVDV.
Interleukin-7 Induces Expression of Latent Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 with Minimal Effects on T-Cell Phenotype
Authors: Scripture-Adams Deirdre D. , Brooks David G. , Korin Yael D. , Zack Jerome A.
Published: November 2002

Latent human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) persists even in patients treated with antiretroviral therapy. New treatment strategies are therefore needed to eradicate this latent viral reservoir without reducing immune cell function. We characterize the interleukin-7 (IL-7)-induced stimulation of primary human T cells and thymocytes and demonstrate, using the SCID-hu model, that IL-7 induces substantial expression of latent HIV while having minimal effects on the cell phenotype. Thus, IL-7 is a viable candidate to activate expression of latent HIV and may facilitate immune clearance of latently infected cells.
Requirement for Vacuolar H
+
-ATPase Activity and Ca
2+
Gradient during Entry of Rotavirus into MA104 Cells
Authors: Chemello Maria Elena , Aristimuño Olga Carolina , Michelangeli Fabián , Ruiz Marie-Christine
Published: November 2002

The mechanism by which rotavirus and other nonenveloped viruses enter the cell is still not clear. We have proposed an endocytosis model where the critical step for virus uncoating and membrane permeabilization is the decrease in Ca
2+
concentration in the endosome. In this paper, we monitored rotavirus entry by measuring α-sarcin-rotavirus coentry and infectivity in MA104 cells. The participation of endocytosis, acidification, and endosomal Ca
2+
concentration on virus entry was studied by inhibiting the endosomal H
+
-ATPase with bafilomycin A1 and/or increasing the extracellular calcium reservoir by addition of 10 mM CaEGTA. Rotavirus-α-sarcin coentry was inhibited by bafilomycin A1 and by addition of 10 mM CaEGTA. These effects were additive. These substances induced a significant inhibition of infectivity without affecting virus binding and postentry steps. These results are compatible with the interpretation that bafilomycin A1 and CaEGTA block rotavirus penetration from the endosome into the cytoplasm and support our hypothesis of a Ca
2+
-dependent endocytosis model.
The Hepatitis C Virus RNA-Dependent RNA Polymerase Membrane Insertion Sequence Is a Transmembrane Segment
Authors: Ivashkina Natalia , Wölk Benno , Lohmann Volker , Bartenschlager Ralf , Blum Hubert E. , Penin François , Moradpour Darius
Published: November 2002

The hepatitis C virus (HCV) RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp) belongs to a class of membrane proteins termed tail-anchored proteins. Here, we show that the HCV RdRp C-terminal membrane insertion sequence traverses the phospholipid bilayer as a transmembrane segment. Moreover, the HCV RdRp was found to be retained in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) or an ER-derived modified compartment both following transient transfection and in the context of a subgenomic replicon. An absolutely conserved GVG motif was not essential for membrane insertion but possibly provides a docking site for transmembrane protein-protein interactions. These findings have important implications for the functional architecture of the HCV replication complex.
Two Chloroplastic Viroids Induce the Accumulation of Small RNAs Associated with Posttranscriptional Gene Silencing
Authors: Martínez de Alba A. E. , Flores R. , Hernández C.
Published: November 2002

In plants, posttranscriptional gene silencing (PTGS) has been reported for cytoplasmic RNAs from endogenous nuclear genes, transgenes, viruses, and, recently, for a viroid with nuclear replication and accumulation. However, phenomena of this kind have not been described for mitochondrial or chloroplastic RNAs. Here we show that viroids that replicate and accumulate in the chloroplast are also targets of PTGS and this process may control viroid titer.
Identification of Neutralizing Epitopes within Structural Domain III of the West Nile Virus Envelope Protein
Authors: Beasley David W. C. , Barrett Alan D. T.
Published: November 2002

Using a panel of neutralizing monoclonal antibodies, we have mapped epitopes in domain III of the envelope protein of the New York strain of West Nile virus. The ability of monoclonal antibodies that recognize these epitopes to neutralize virus appeared to differ between lineage I and II West Nile virus strains, and epitopes were located on the upper surface of domain III at residues E307, E330, and E332.
A Novel Protease Processing Site in the Transframe Protein of Human T-Cell Leukemia Virus Type 1 PR76

gag-pro

Defines the N Terminus of RT
Authors: Heidecker Gisela , Hill Shawn , Lloyd Patricia A. , Derse David
Published: November 2002

The genomic RNA of human T-cell leukemia virus type 1 encodes three polyproteins, Gag, Gag-Pro, and Gag-Pro-Pol, which are translated as a result of no, one, and two frameshifts, respectively. In this report we demonstrate that the 77 residues encoded at the C terminus of the Gag-Pro precursor can be collectively detected as an 8-kDa transframe protein (TFP) in virions. Mutant viruses with a C-terminally truncated TFP (19, 32, or 50 residues) had essentially a wild-type phenotype in vitro. However, a virus mutant that encoded only the Gag and Gag-Pro-Pol polyproteins due to a mutation in the second frameshift site, and hence did not produce TFP, was noninfectious. Mutation analysis of the proteolytic cleavage site between PR and TFP revealed the presence of an additional site and the existence of a p1 peptide separating protease and TFP. While removal of the cleavage site at the PR-p1 junction had a modest effect on virus replication, mutation of the p1-TFP cleavage site led to noninfectious virus and the loss of reverse transcriptase activity. Determination of the amino-terminal sequence of a hemagglutinin-tagged RT demonstrated that the same site is used in processing the Gag-Pro-Pol precursor and thus defines the start of mature RT. Neither mutation alone or in combination caused changes in the amounts or processing patterns of the Gag polyprotein, indicating that protease is active independent of its C terminus.
The CD154/CD40 Interaction Required for Retrovirus-Induced Murine Immunodeficiency Syndrome Is Not Mediated by Upregulation of the CD80/CD86 Costimulatory Molecules
Authors: Green Kathy A. , Cook W. James , Sharpe Arlene H. , Green William R.
Published: November 2002

C57BL/6 (B6) mice infected with LP-BM5 retroviruses develop disease, including an immunodeficiency similar to AIDS. This disease, murine AIDS (MAIDS), is inhibited by in vivo anti-CD154 monoclonal antibody treatment. The similar levels of insusceptibility of CD40−/−and CD154−/−B6 mice indicate that CD154/CD40 molecular interactions are required for MAIDS. CD4+T and B cells, respectively, provide the CD154 and CD40 expression needed for MAIDS induction. Here, the required CD154/CD40 interaction is shown to be independent of CD80 and CD86 expression: CD80/CD86−/−B6 mice develop MAIDS after LP-BM5 infection.
Retrovirus-Specific Packaging of Aminoacyl-tRNA Synthetases with Cognate Primer tRNAs
Authors: Cen Shan , Javanbakht Hassan , Kim Sunghoon , Shiba Kiyotaka , Craven Rebecca , Rein Alan , Ewalt Karla , Schimmel Paul , Musier-Forsyth Karin , Kleiman Lawrence
Published: November 2002

The tRNAs used to prime reverse transcription in human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1), Rous sarcoma virus (RSV), and Moloney murine leukemia virus (Mo-MuLV) are

\batchmode \documentclass[fleqn,10pt,legalpaper]{article} \usepackage{amssymb} \usepackage{amsfonts} \usepackage{amsmath} \pagestyle{empty} \begin{document} \(tRNA_{3}^{Lys}\) \end{document}

, tRNA
Trp
, and tRNA
Pro
, respectively. Using antibodies to the three cognate human aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases, we found that only lysyl-tRNA synthetase (LysRS) is present in HIV-1, only tryptophanyl-tRNA synthetase (TrpRS) is present in RSV, and neither these two synthetases nor prolyl-tRNA synthetase (ProRS) is present in Mo-MuLV. LysRS and TrpRS are present in HIV-1 and RSV at approximately 25 and 12 molecules/virion, respectively. These results support the hypothesis that, in HIV-1 and RSV, the cognate aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase may be used as the signal for targeting the selective packaging of primer tRNAs into retroviruses. The absence of ProRS in Mo-MuLV is consistent with reports that selective packaging of tRNA
Pro
in this virus is less important for achieving optimum annealing of the primer to Mo-MuLV genomic RNA.
Terminal RNA Replication Elements in Human Parechovirus 1
Authors: Nateri Abdolrahman S. , Hughes Pamela J. , Stanway Glyn
Published: November 2002

To define structural elements critical for RNA replication in human parechovirus 1 (HPeV1), a replicon with chloramphenicol acetyltransferase as a reporter gene and an infectious virus cDNA clone have been used. It was observed that there are
cis
-acting signals required for HPeV1 replication located within the 5′-terminal 112 nucleotides of the genome and that these include two terminal stem-loops, SL-A and SL-B, together with a pseudoknot element. Significant disruption of any of these structures impaired both RNA replication and virus growth. In view of the similarity in terminal structures to several picornaviruses, such as cardioviruses and hepatoviruses, the insights generated in this work are of wider significance for understanding picornavirus replication.
Synthesis of Racemic 2-Hydroxy-4- and 2-Hydroxy-5-(hydroxymethyl)cyclohexane Nucleoside Analogues
Authors: Hřebabecký Hubert , Masojídková Milena , Holý Antonín
Published: November 2002

New racemic 2-hydroxy-4- and 2-hydroxy-5-(hydroxymethyl)cyclohexane analogues of adenine (10b and 16b) and thymine nucleosides (13b and 19b) were prepared by alkylation of 1,8-diazabicyclo[5.4.0]undec-7-ene salt of adenine and/or thymine with 3-vinyl-7-oxabicyclo[4.1.0]heptane followed by cis hydroxylation with osmium(VIII) oxide and sodium chlorate, oxidation with sodium periodate, and borohydride reduction.
QUASI-CLASSICAL VERSUS NON-CLASSICAL SPECTRAL ASYMPTOTICS FOR MAGNETIC SCHRÖDINGER OPERATORS WITH DECREASING ELECTRIC POTENTIALS
Authors: RAIKOV GEORGI D. , WARZEL SIMONE
Published: November 2002

We consider the Schrödinger operator H(V) on L2 (ℝ2) or L2(ℝ3) with constant magnetic field, and electric potential V which typically decays at infinity exponentially fast or has a compact support. We investigate the asymptotic behaviour of the discrete spectrum of H(V) near the boundary points of its essential spectrum. If the decay of V is Gaussian or faster, this behaviour is non-classical in the sense that it is not described by the quasi-classical formulas known for the case where V admits a power-like decay.
TRI–HAMILTONIAN VECTOR FIELDS, SPECTRAL CURVES AND SEPARATION COORDINATES
Authors: DEGIOVANNI L. , MAGNANO G.
Published: November 2002

We show that for a class of dynamical systems, Hamiltonian with respect to three distinct Poisson brackets (P0,P1,P2), separation coordinates are provided by the common roots of a set of bivariate polynomials. These polynomials, which generalise those considered by E. Sklyanin in his algebro-geometric approach, are obtained from the knowledge of: (i) a common Casimir function for the two Poisson pencils (P1-λP0) and (P2-μP0); (ii) a suitable set of vector fields, preserving P0 but transversal to its symplectic leaves. The framework is applied to Lax equations with spectral parameter, for which not only it establishes a theoretical link between the separation techniques of Sklyanin and of Magri, but also provides a more efficient "inverse" procedure to obtain separation variables, not involving the extraction of roots.
POSITIVE AND NEGATIVE CORRELATIONS FOR CONDITIONAL ISING DISTRIBUTIONS
Authors: CAMMAROTA CAMILLO
Published: November 2002

In the Ising model at zero external field with ferromagnetic first neighbors interaction the Gibbs measure is investigated using the group properties of the contours configurations. Correlation inequalities expressing positive dependence among groups and comparison among groups and cosets are used. An improved version of the Griffiths' inequalities is proved for the Gibbs measure conditioned to a subgroup. Examples of positive and negative correlations among the spin variables are proved under conditioning to a contour or to a separation line.
FERMION AND BOSON RANDOM POINT PROCESSES AS PARTICLE DISTRIBUTIONS OF INFINITE FREE FERMI AND BOSE GASES OF FINITE DENSITY
Authors: LYTVYNOV EUGENE
Published: November 2002

The aim of this paper is to show that fermion and boson random point processes naturally appear from representations of CAR and CCR which correspond to gauge invariant generalized free states (also called quasi-free states). We consider particle density operators ρ(x), x ∈ ℝd, in the representation of CAR describing an infinite free Fermi gas of finite density at both zero and finite temperature [6], and in the representation of CCR describing an infinite free Bose gas at finite temperature [5]. We prove that the spectral measure of the smeared operators ρ(f) = ∫ dx f(x) ρ(x) (i.e., the measure μ which allows to realize the ρ(f)'s as multiplication operators by <·, f> in L2(dμ)) is a well-known fermion, respectively boson process on the space of all locally finite configurations in ℝd
DETECTION OF GRAVITATIONAL FIELD QUANTA BY MEANS OF EXCITATION OF QUANTUM BOUND STATES OF ULTRACOLD NEUTRONS IN THE EARTH'S GRAVITATIONAL FIELD
Authors: SOLDATOV A. V. , BECKER A. V.
Published: November 2002

A reported experimental evidence for gravitational quantum bound states of neutrons in the Earth's gravitational field1 is discussed regarding possible employment of these states to prove the existence of gravitational field quanta through their interaction with a beam of ultracold neutrons.
ZEROS OF SCHRÖDINGER'S RADIAL FUNCTION Rnl(r) AND KUMMER'S FUNCTION 1F1(-a; c; z) AND THEIR "ANGLE" DISTRIBUTIONS
Authors: TARASOV V. F.
Published: November 2002

In the present paper exact formulae for the calculation of zeros of Rnl(r) and 1F1(-a; c; z), where z = 2λr, a = n - l - 1 ≥ 0 and c = 2l + 2 ≥ 2 are presented. For a ≤ 4 the method due to Tartallia and Cardono, and that due to L. Ferrai, L. Euler and J. L. Lagrange are used. In other cases (a > 4)numerical methods are employed to obtain the results (to within 10-15). For greater geometrical obviousness of the irregulary distribution (as a > 3) of zeros xk = zk - (c + a - 1) on the axis y = 0, the circular diagrams with the radius [Formula: see text] are presented for the first time. It is possible to notice some singularities of distribution of these zeros and their images — the points Tk — on the circle. For a = 3 and 4 their exact "angle" asymptotics (as c → ∞) are obtained. It is shown that in the basis of the L. Ferrari, L. Euler and J.-L. Lagrange methods, using for solving the equation 1F1(-4; c; z) = 0, one equation is obtained viz., the cubic resolvent equation of FEL-type. Calculating of zeros xk of the Rnl(r) and 1F1(z) functions enable us to show the "singular" cases (a, c) = (4, 6), (6, 4), (8, 14), …
LATTICE INSTABILITY OF 2H-TaSe2
Authors: JOHN BOSCO BALAGURU R. , LAWRENCE N. , ALFRED CECIL RAJ S.
Published: November 2002

The charge density wave (CDW) in the layered compound 2H-TaSe 2 at low temperatures has a commensurate phase, which causes super lattice points to appear in the Brillöuin zone of the undistorted phase. A Born-von Karman formalism has been employed for the calculation of phonon frequency distribution curves of 2H-TaSe 2 both in the normal and in the commensurate charge density wave (CCDW) phases. A folding technique has been adopted for the calculation in the CCDW phase. The phonon distribution for both the phases have been reported. With these distributions the thermal properties such as specific heat capacity, Debye Waller factor W(k) and thermal conductivity have been worked out, and compared with the available experimental results.
STUDY OF THE CROSSOVER FROM NON-EQUILIBRIUM STATIONARY STATES TO QUASI-EQUILIBRIUM STATES IN A DRIVEN DIFFUSIVE SYSTEM UNDER THE INFLUENCE OF AN OSCILLATORY FIELD
Authors: MONETTI ROBERTO A. , ALBANO EZEQUIEL V.
Published: November 2002

A driven diffusive system (DDS) is a lattice-gas in contact with a thermal bath in the presence of an external field. Such DDS constantly gains (losses) energy from (to) the driving field (thermal bath) and therefore, for long enough time, it reaches a non-equilibrium steady-state (NESS) with a generally unknown statistical distribution. It is found that if the constant driving is replaced by an oscillatory field of magnitude E and period τ, the system exhibits a crossover from NESS to a quasi-equilibrium state (QES) driven by τ. The crossover behavior is characterized by a typical crossover time which is proportional to the lattice side and consequently relevant to confined systems.
A PHASE DIAGRAM OF SMECTOGEN-NON-SMECTOGEN BINARY MIXTURE: A PHOTON TRANSMISSION STUDY
Authors: YILDIZ S. , SERHATLI İ. E. , PEKCAN Ö. , BERKER A. N. , ÖZBEK H.
Published: November 2002

The ultraviolet/visible photon transmission technique was applied to study the phase diagram of a mixture of 4-ethoxy-4′-(6-vinyloxyhexyloxyl) azobenzene (VE), a smectogen, and 4-hexoxy-3′-methyl-4′-(6-acryloyloxyhexyloxy) azobenzene (AH), which by itself exhibits no liquid crystalline behavior. It has been found that the N-Sm-A phase line terminates at either a tricritical point at about X VE = 0.9, where X VE is the weight percentage of VE in the binary mixture, or at least at a tricritical region 0.9 < X VE < 1 within the experimental resolution. For X VE = 1 the nematic phase region is not large enough to drive the transition second-order. It is found that the value of the critical exponent β for X VE = 0.9 is consistent with the tricritical value.
EVOLUTION OF QUANTUM SYSTEMS WITH A SCALING TYPE TIME-DEPENDENT HAMILTONIANS
Authors: ŠAMAJ L.
Published: November 2002

We introduce a new class of quantum models with time-dependent Hamiltonians of a special scaling form. By using a couple of time-dependent unitary transformations, the time evolution of these models is expressed in terms of related systems with time-independent Hamiltonians. The mapping of dynamics can be performed in any dimension, for an arbitrary number of interacting particles and for any type of the scaling interaction potential. The exact solvability of a "dual" time-independent Hamiltonian automatically means the exact solvability of the original problem with model time-dependence.
STRUCTURE AND OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF NANOCRYSTALLINE GADOLINIUM DOPED ZIRCONIA THIN FILMS
Authors: GHANASHYAM KRISHNA M. , HARTRIDGE A. , BHATTACHARYA A. K.
Published: November 2002

Transparent sols of crystalline gadolinium doped zirconia particles with the general formula Zr 1 - x Gd x O 2 - x/2 (where x = 0–0.20), were prepared by a hydrothermal sol-gel method using cheap inorganic precursors. The composition, structure, crystallite size and lattice parameters of the crystalline dried sol particles and heated powders were studied. Thin films were deposited on quartz substrates using a simple dipping process and the structure, composition and crystallite size found to be identical to the powders with respect to the variation in temperature. Spectral transmittance studies showed that the films were transparent in the region between 400 and 1100 nm. The refractive index increased with the increase in annealing temperature, varying between 1.56 and 1.74. Optical band gap calculations gave band of 5.52 to 5.55 eV. Refractive indices and optical band gaps were compared with those of films containing other lanthanide dopants previously reported in the literature.
INVESTIGATION OF STRUCTURE AND ELECTRICAL TRANSPORT IN PARTIALLY NANOCRYSTALLIZED AMORPHOUS SOFT MAGNETIC ALLOYS
Authors: BALAKRISHNAN K. , SUNDARAYYA Y. , NAIDU M. K. , KAUL S. N.
Published: November 2002

X-ray diffraction patterns of melt-spun Fe-Cu-Nb-Si-B (FINEMET-type) alloys reveal that crystallites of Fe 2 Si and Fe 3 B phases with average sizes of 15(5) and 20(2) nm are present in the surface layer of thickness ≈ 10 Å and these nanocrystallites occupy 5–10% of the total volume. The results of an elaborate analysis of the high-resolution electrical resistivity data taken in a temperature range from 13 K to 300 K and their discussion in the light of existing theories demonstrates that the enhanced electron–electron interaction (EEI), quantum interference (QI) effects, inelastic electron–phonon scattering, coherent electron–magnon (and/or electron-spin fluctuation) scattering are the main mechanisms that govern the temperature dependence of resistivity. Of all the inelastic scattering processes, inelastic electron–phonon scattering is the most effective mechanism to destroy phase coherence of electron wavefunctions. The physical quantities such as diffusion constant, density of states at the Fermi level and the phase-breaking time, determined for the first time for the alloys in question, exhibit a systematic variation with the copper concentration.
COHERENT AND GENERALIZED INTELLIGENT STATES FOR INFINITE SQUARE WELL POTENTIAL AND NONLINEAR OSCILLATORS
Authors: EL KINANI A. H. , DAOUD M.
Published: November 2002

This article is an illustration of the construction of coherent and generalized intelligent states which has been recently proposed by us for an arbitrary quantum system.1 We treat the quantum system submitted to the infinite square well potential and the nonlinear oscillators. By means of the analytical representation of the coherent states à la Gazeau–Klauder and those à la Klauder–Perelomov, we derive the generalized intelligent states in analytical ways.
GROWTH OF C36-FILMS ON DIAMOND SURFACE THROUGH MOLECULAR DYNAMICS SIMULATION
Authors: DU A. J. , PAN Z. Y. , HUANG Z. , LI Z. J. , WEI Q. , ZHANG Z. X.
Published: November 2002

In this paper, the initial stage of films assembled by energetic C 36 fullerenes on diamond (001)–(2 × 1) surface at low-temperature was investigated by molecular dynamics simulation using the Brenner potential. The incident energy was first uniformly distributed within an energy interval 20–50 eV, which was known to be the optimum energy range for chemisorption of single C 36 on diamond (001) surface. More than one hundred C 36 cages were impacted one after the other onto the diamond surface by randomly selecting their orientation as well as the impact position relative to the surface. The growth of films was found to be in three-dimensional island mode, where the deposited C 36 acted as building blocks. The study of film morphology shows that it retains the structure of a free C 36 cage, which is consistent with Low Energy Cluster Beam Deposition (LECBD) experiments. The adlayer is composed of many C 36-monomers as well as the covalently bonded C 36 dimers and trimers which is quite different from that of C 20 fullerene-assembled film, where a big polymerlike chain was observed due to the stronger interaction between C 20 cages. In addition, the chemisorption probability of C 36 fullerenes is decreased with increasing coverage because the interaction between these clusters is weaker than that between the cluster and the surface. When the incident energy is increased to 40–65 eV, the chemisorption probability is found to increased and more dimers and trimers as well as polymerlike- C 36 were observed on the deposited films. Furthermore, C 36 film also showed high thermal stability even when the temperature was raised to 1500 K.
APPLICATION OF EIGENFUNCTIONAL THEORY ON QUANTUM MANY-PARTICLE SYSTEMS
Authors: LIU YU-LIANG
Published: November 2002

We first introduce the basic ingredients of the eigenfunctional theory, and show that a D-dimensional quantum many-particle system is mapped into a (D+1)-dimensional time-depending single-particle problem, and in the representation of the eigenfunctionals of the particle propagator, the particles become free. Then using this method, we study five kinds of quantum many-particle systems: interacting boson system, repulsive, attractive interacting fermion systems, Hubbard model and single-impurity scattering in one-dimensional fermion system, and demonstrate that the microscopic Bogoliubov theory and the phenomenological Bijl–Feynman theory of the bosons are closely related, and apart from an anti-symmetry factor Det ‖eikj·xl‖ the ground state wave function of the repulsive interacting fermion system has a similar form to that of the interacting boson system. Moreover, we show that the attractive interacting fermion system has a sound-type excitation spectrum like that in the interacting boson system. For one-dimensional Hubbard model we calculate the electron Green's function, and charge and spin density–density correlation functions which are consistent with the exact ones obtained by the Bethe ansatz and numerical calculations, and show that the ground state energy is increasing with U, and the electrons has single-occupied constraint in the large U limit. Finally, we demonstrate clearly the evolution of the system from its ultraviolet fixed point to infrared critical fixed point as the impurity potential increases. At the infrared critical fixed point, the fermion Green's function shows that the fermions are completely reflected on the impurity site.
ELECTRICAL PROPERTIES OF (Na1/2Bi1/2)1-xCaxTiO3 CERAMICS
Authors: BAHUGUNA SARADHI B. V. , SRINIVAS K. , BHIMASANKARAM T.
Published: November 2002

The frequency (100Hz–1MHz) and temperature (30–575°C) dependence of electrical properties of calcium doped (Ca = 0.01, 0.05, 0.1) sodium bismuth titanate (NBT) was investigated by impedance spectroscopy. The data is used to analyze the effect of calcium concentration on the electrical properties of NBT. The frequency explicit plots of Z′′ versus frequency at various temperatures shows peaks in the higher temperature range (>400°C). The relaxation peaks are affected by the doping. The AC conductivity values are computed from the impedance data. DC conductivity has been measured in the temperature range of 30–400°C. The activation energies have been evaluated from the data. From the studies of dielectric constant as a function of temperature, it is observed that diffuse phase transition (DPT) is exhibited in these samples.
THE EXCITED ATOM'S KINETICS IN THE PLASMA OF TRANSVERSAL NANOSECOND DISCHARGE WITH SLOT-HOLE CATHODE
Authors: ASHURBEKOV N. A. , IMINOV K. O. , EL-KORAMY R. A.
Published: November 2002

The Dynamics of the excited He atoms formation in He–Ar mixture nanosecond discharge under the gas pressure range of 1–100 Torr with various component's content in the mixture are investigated. The contribution of a number of processes to the formation of excited atoms in the rear front of current pulse is analyzed.
SELF-CONSISTENT CALCULATION OF SEMICONDUCTOR HETEROJUNCTIONS USING QUANTUM GENETIC ALGORITHM
Authors: ŞAHİN MEHMET , TOMAK MEHMET
Published: November 2002

In this study, we have investigated the ground state energy level of electrons in modulation doped GaAs / Al x Ga 1 - x As heterojunctions. For this purpose, Schrödinger and Poisson equations are solved self consistently using quantum genetic algorithm (QGA). In this way, we have found the potential profile, the ground state subband energy and their corresponding envelope functions, Fermi level, and the amount of tunneling charge from barrier to channel region. Their dependence on various device parameters are also examined.
WEAK QUENCHED DISORDER AND CRITICALITY: RESUMMATION OF ASYMPTOTIC(?) SERIES
Authors: HOLOVATCH YU. , BLAVATS'KA V. , DUDKA M. , VON FERBER C. , FOLK R. , YAVORS'KII T.
Published: November 2002

In this review paper, we discuss the influence of weak quenched disorder on the critical behavior in condensed matter and give a brief review of the available experimental and theoretical results as well as results of MC simulations of these phenomena. We concentrate on three cases: (i) uncorrelated random-site disorder, (ii) long-range correlated random-site disorder, and (iii) random anisotropy.

Today, the standard analytical description of critical behavior is given by renormalization group results refined by resummation of the perturbation theory series. The convergence properties of the series are unknown for most disordered models. The main object of this review is to discuss the peculiarities of the application of resummation techniques to perturbation theory series of disordered models.
MAGNETIC SUSCEPTIBILITY OF A STRONGLY CORRELATED d–p MODEL
Authors: CALEGARI E. J. , MAGALHÃES S. G. , GOMES A. A.
Published: November 2002

The d–p band model, a periodic array of strongly correlated d states with hopping to a p band, and in the presence of a uniform applied magnetic field is studied as a function of temperature using Roth's variational method. Expanding the σ spin electron occupation numbers of d and p states to first order in the magnetic field h, we calculate the linear term of the field induced magnetization and thus the susceptibility. This is given in terms of the number of holes for La 2 - x Sr x CuO 4, in the limit of strongd–d correlations and we study the role of doping x and temperature "T" on the susceptibility.
EXACT NUMERICAL SOLUTION OF SCHRÖDINGER'S EQUATION FOR A PARTICLE IN AN INTERACTION POTENTIAL OF GENERAL SHAPE
Authors: RIETH M. , SCHOMMERS W. , BASKOUTAS S.
Published: November 2002

A method is proposed for the quantum-mechanical determination of the eigenstates and eigenvalues of a particle (e.g. an electron) in a potential of general shape. For such systems the method allows one to calculate the exact solutions of the stationary Schrödinger equation. For the application of this method any well-known reference system is needed. A transition from the stationary reference system to the stationary system under investigation is performed by means of the time-dependent Schrödinger equation. The results are compared with various standard methods; alternative numerical methods will be discussed critically.
TEMPERATURE DEPENDENCE OF NEMATIC ORDER PARAMETER NEAR TRANSITION
Authors: ZHANG JUN , ZHENG YONGYU , TAO RUIBAO
Published: November 2002

By means of Tao, Sheng and Lin's generized molecular field theory, the temperature dependence of the order parameter dQ/dT|Tchas been calculated. All the parameters in the calculation are fixed by experiments like the previous paper. There is no adjustable parameter. Our calculated value of dQ/dT|Tc~ 1%K-1agree well with experiments. The new puzzle of small value of dQ/dT|Tcdoes not existence.
SOME EXACT CALCULATIONS OF AN ALTERNATING TRANSVERSE ISING MODEL
Authors: SUZUKI HIDENORI , SUZUKI MASUO
Published: November 2002

The alternating transverse Ising model with A and B sublattices is solved exactly in one and two dimensions, when a transverse field applied only to the A sublattice. The critical point of the honeycomb lattice is given as a function of the alternating transverse field. Moreover, the zero-temperature phase transition in the one-dimensional model with another alternating transverse field is discussed rigorously.
NOVEL NUMERICAL METHOD FOR THE SOLUTION OF SCHRÖDINGER'S EQUATION: EXCITON ENERGY OF CdS QUANTUM DOTS
Authors: BASKOUTAS S. , RIETH M. , TERZIS A. F. , KAPAKLIS V. , POLITIS C.
Published: November 2002

Studying the quantum size effects on the exciton energy of two-dimensional CdS quantum dots in the single band effective mass approximation for both electron and hole, we use a finite confinement in the x–y plane and we assume also that the induced charge is spread along a very thin interface in the z-direction. Solving the Schrödinger equation with a new numerical method, which is called potential morphing method, we obtain the corresponding energy within the self-consistent Hartree scheme. Excellent agreement is obtained with the experimental values of exciton energies for various sizes of CdS quantum dots in the strong, medium and weak confinement limit.
MATADOR: AN EXPLORATION ENVIRONMENT FOR SYSTEM-DESIGN
Authors: MARCHAL PAUL , JAYAPALA MURALI , DE SOUZA SAMUEL XAVIER , YANG PENG , CATTHOOR FRANCKY , DECONINCK G.
Published: November 2002

We present a modular platform simulation environment to estimate the energy consumption and performance of distributed systems in a Systems-on-Chip context. We use the simulation environment to support the development of our high-level design methodologies. More in particular, we steer and verify the development of a task-level data transfer and storage methodology, the development of a task-level scheduling methodology and the development of an instruction memory management methodology. All of these methodologies are focussed on reducing the overall energy consumption of the complex dynamic system on a heterogeneous platform architecture. Compared to research in the academic and industrial context, our contribution is to integrate in a scalable way existing energy and performance simulators of the components of a heterogeneous multiprocessor SoC. Also a novel instruction memory hierarchy is included. The simulation environment consists of multiple processing nodes connected to a distributed memory hierarchy. To reduce the energy consumption of the system, both the processing nodes as well as the memory architecture can be varied: the processing voltage of each node can be tuned and the memory hierarchy can be fully customized. The integration of dynamic real-time applications on this platform is simplified by the availability of a multi-processor RTOS. The use of the simulator to develop our high-level design methodologies is illustrated on real-life multimedia applications.
DYNAMICS OF A FERMI SYSTEM IN A BLACKBODY RADIATION FIELD
Authors: STEFANESCU ELIADE , SANDULESCU AUREL
Published: November 2002

We derive a quantum master equation for a system of fermions coupled to the blackbody radiation field through the electric-dipole interaction. This equation is of Lindblad's form, with a hamiltonian part of the shell-model, and a dissipative art with microscopic coefficients, depending on physical constants, matrix elements, and parametrically only on temperature.
GENERALIZED DIFFRACTION MODEL STUDY OF INTERMEDIATE ENERGY PROTON-NUCLEUS SCATTERING
Authors: SARKER DIPIKA RANI , KABIR H. , RAHMAN MD. A. , SEN GUPTA H. M.
Published: November 2002

The three-parameter strong absorption model of Frahn and Venter is used to study elastic scattering of intermediate energy protons from several nuclei between 12 C and 208 Pb and the best-fit parameters are obtained and their systematics are discussed. The inelastic scattering of protons is then studied and the deformation parameters are extracted. A reasonably good account of both elastic and inelastic scattering is given by the same set of parameter values.
THE ROLE OF LINEAR ALPHA-CLUSTER CONFIGURATION FOR 12C
Authors: GRIDNEV K. A. , KARTAMYSHEV M. P. , VAAGEN J. S. , LUKYANOV V. K. , ANAGNOSTATOS G. S.
Published: November 2002

In the framework of the Alpha Cluster Model extended calculations of form factors of elastic and inelastic [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] (7.66 MeV) electron scattering on 12C were performed. Two possible alpha cluster configurations (linear and triangular) were considered for states assigned to different rotational bands and although the configuration mixture was found to be important for explanation of the inelastic monopole form factor, a fully consistent picture, including all available data, was not obtained.
ANTIDEUTERON PRODUCTION AND THE PHYSICS OF COALESCENCE: IMPLICATIONS OF A NEW APPROACH
Authors: DE BHASKAR , BHATTACHARYYA S. , GUPTAROY P.
Published: November 2002

Within the framework of coalescence model, the problem of antideuteron [Formula: see text] production in some high energy nuclear collisions has here been studied with the help of a new combination of models (NCM) outlined in some detail in the text. The totality of the approach, including one useful parametrization, adopted here leads us to obtain finally some theoretical results which are modestly in agreement with the measured data on various aspects of antideuteron production in both Pb + Pb and Au + Au collisions at moderately high energies. The implications of all this are discussed at the end of the paper.
COLLISIONAL DAMPING OF GIANT RESONANCES WITH AN OPTIMIZED FINITE-RANGE EFFECTIVE INTERACTION
Authors: YILDIRIM SERBULENT , TARIKCI ABDURRAHMAN
Published: November 2002

Collisional damping widths of isoscalar giant monopole, isovector giant dipole and isoscalar giant quadrupole excitations for 120 Sn and 208 Pb at zero and finite temperatures are calculated within Thomas-Fermi approximation by employing a recently proposed modified Skyrme force and the results are compared with previous works.
DOUBLE FOLDING ANALYSIS OF 6Li SCATTERING BY 12C, 40Ca, 90Zr AND 208Pb
Authors: El-NOHY N. A. , EL-AKKAD F. A. , ABDEL-MONEM A. M. , ABDEL-FATTAH O. S.
Published: November 2002

A double folding potential has been used to calculate the real part of optical potential of 6 Li scattering by 12 C , 40 Ca , 90 Zr and 208Pb. In this model the effective nucleon-nucleon interaction potential has been developed to include an energy and density dependent in a simple form. The real part of the optical potential calculated by the double folding model is then reduced to an equivalent Wood–Saxon form using a fitting program. The obtained Wood–Saxon potentials have been used to calculate the differential cross sections for elastic scattering of 6 Li nucleus by 12 C , 40 Ca , 90 Zr and 208 Pb . This method gives satisfactory agreement of the calculated differential scattering cross section with the corresponding experimental values.
NEUTRON MATTER PROPERTIES USING GENERALIZED SKYRME FORCE
Authors: MANSOUR H. M. M. , RAMADAN KH. A.
Published: November 2002

The generalized Skyrme potential is used to calculate the properties of neutron matter in the form of the Thomas–Fermi model. The binding energy per particle, spin symmetry energy, free energy, pressure, entropy, sound velocity and magnetic susceptibility are calculated as a function of density ρ. The results are comparable with those obtained by Friedman and Pandharipande, who used the Urbana v14 potential plus an effective repulsive three-body force.
RELATIVISTIC OPTICAL MODEL FOR PROTON-NUCLEUS ELASTIC SCATTERING
Authors: FARAG M. Y. H. , HASSAN M. Y. M.
Published: November 2002

The relativistic description of the proton-nucleus elastic scattering can be considered within the framework of a relativistic optical potential model. The elastic scattering of proton with the nuclei 12 C , 16 O , 20 Ne , and 24 Mg at 800 MeV and 1.04 GeV are studied for relativistic and nonrelativistic treatments. The real optical potentials and the differential cross sections of these reactions are calculated. The obtained results are compared with the corresponding results obtained from the calculation depending on the Woods–Saxon optical potential which were adjusted to fit the experimental data. The present results are in good agreement with the experimental data.
THE SINGLE PARTICLE SCHRÖDINGER FLUID AND MOMENTS OF INERTIA OF THE NUCLEI 24Mg, 25Al, 27Al, 183W AND 238Pu
Authors: DOMA S. B. , AMIN M. M.
Published: November 2002

The single particle Schrödinger fluid is applied to study the rotational motion of independent nucleon systems. Accordingly, we have applied the description of this Schrödinger fluid to the calculations of the moments of inertia of the axially deformed nuclei. As examples for the application of this concept to the calculations of the nuclear moments of inertia we have calculated the cranking-model, the rigid body-model and the equilibrium moments of inertia of the axially deformed nuclei 24 Mg , 25 Al , 27 Al , 183 W and 238 Pu . The variations of the moments of inertia of these nuclei with the deformation parameter β have also been given.
Editorial: TRENDS IN AGGREGATION AND SECURITY ASSESSMENT FOR INFERENCE CONTROL IN STATISTICAL DATABASES
Authors: TORRA VICENÇ , DOMINGO-FERRER JOSEP
Published: November 2002

As e-commerce and Internet-based data handling become pervasive, companies and statistical agencies have the need to exploit the data they accumulate without violating citizens' privacy. Inference control is a discipline whose goal is to prevent published/exchanged data from being linked with the individual respondents they originated from. This special issue illustrates that inference control largely draws on soft computing and artificial intelligence techniques.
EXACT AND APPROXIMATE METHODS FOR DATA DIRECTED MICROAGGREGATION IN ONE OR MORE DIMENSIONS
Authors: SANDE GORDON
Published: November 2002

Microaggregation is a technique for the protection of the confidentiality of respondents in microdata releases. It is used for economic data where respondent identifiability is high. Microaggregation releases the averages of small groups in which no single respondent is dominant. It was developed for univariate data. The data was sorted and the averages of adjacent fixed size groups were reported. The groups can be allowed to have varying sizes so that no group will include a large gap in the sorted data. The groups become more homogeneous when their boundaries are sensitive to the distribution of the data. This is like clustering but with the number of clusters chosen to be as large as possible subject to homogeneous clusters and a minimum cluster size. Approximate methods based on comparisons are developed. Exact methods based on linear optimization are also developed. For bivariate, or higher dimensional, data the notion of adjacency is defined even though sorting is no longer well defined. The constraints for minimum cluster size are also more elaborate and not so easily solved. We may also use only a triangulation to limit the number of adjacencies to be considered in the algorithms. Hybrids of the approximate and exact methods combine the strengths of each strategy.
ON THE SECURITY OF MICROAGGREGATION WITH INDIVIDUAL RANKING: ANALYTICAL ATTACKS
Authors: DOMINGO-FERRER JOSEP , OGANIAN ANNA , TORRES ÀNGEL , MATEO-SANZ JOSEP M.
Published: November 2002

Microaggregation is a statistical disclosure control technique. Raw microdata (i.e. individual records) are grouped into small aggregates prior to publication. With fixed-size groups, each aggregate contains k records to prevent disclosure of individual information. Individual ranking is a usual criterion to reduce multivariate microaggregation to univariate case: the idea is to perform microaggregation independently for each variable in the record. Using distributional assumptions, we show in this paper how to find interval estimates for the original data based on the microaggregated data. Such intervals can be considerably narrower than intervals resulting from subtraction of means, and can be useful to detect lack of security in a microaggregated data set. Analytical arguments given in this paper confirm recent empirical results about the unsafety of individual ranking microaggregation.
A COMPUTATIONAL ALGORITHM FOR HANDLING THE SPECIAL UNIQUES PROBLEM
Authors: ELLIOT M. J. , MANNING A. M. , FORD R. W.
Published: November 2002

Many organizations require detailed individual-level information, much of which has been collected under guarantees of confidentiality. However, simple anonymization procedures, i.e. removing names and addresses, are insufficient for this to be ensured. The records belonging to certain individuals have a high probability of being identified (as their contents, or attributes, are unusual) and therefore have the potential to be recognized spontaneously - such records are referred to as special uniques. Consider, for example, a sixteen-year-old widow in a population survey. Confidentiality of a given dataset cannot be enabled until all special unique records are identified and either disguised or removed. However, to the knowledge of the authors, no exhaustive automated analysis of this nature has been conducted due to the demanding levels of computation and data storage that are required. This paper introduces a new algorithm that locates 'risky' records in discrete data by first identifying all unique attribute sets (up to a user-specified maximum size) and secondly by grading the 'risk' of each record by considering the number and distribution of unique attribute sets within each record. Empirical tests indicate that the algorithm is highly effective at picking out 'risky' records from large samples of data.