bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A Pan-Cancer Analysis of GAPDH as a Common Biomarker for Various Cancers
Authors: Hameed Yasir
Published: October 2024

Background: The present study aimed to investigate the expression level of glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH) and explore its prognostic value across 24 different human cancers. This investigation was conducted using comprehensive bioinformatics and in vitro approaches that involved multiple layers of analysis. Methods: GAPDH expression and methylation levels were assessed via bioinformatics tools and validated using cell lines through RNA sequencing and targeted bisulfite sequencing analyses. The potential prognostic significance of GAPDH was evaluated through the use of a Kaplan–Meier plotter. Additionally, cBioPortal was employed to investigate genetic alterations associated with this gene. Pathway analysis was conducted using DAVID. Furthermore, a correlation analysis between GAPDH expression and CD8+ T immune cells was performed using TIMER and CDT. Lastly, a gene-drug interaction network analysis was conducted using Cytoscape to examine the relationship between GAPDH and drugs. Results: The GAPDH was found commonly up-regulated in 24 types of human cancers and its up-regulation was significantly correlated with the poor relapse-free survival (RFS) and overall survival (OS) of BLCA, CESC, HNSC, KIRP, LIHC, and LUAD. This implies that GAPDH plays a significant role in the development of these cancers. The GAPDH up-regulation was also noticed to be associated with the different clinicopathological features of BLCA, CESC, HNSC, KIRP, LIHC, and LUAD patients. Pathway analysis has shown GAPDH involvement in different diverse pathways. Furthermore, notable correlations were observed between the expression of GAPDH and its promoter methylation level, genetic alterations, as well as the level of CD8+ T immune cells. Moreover, we identified significant regulatory drugs targeting GAPDH that have the potential to modulate its expression and potentially prevent conditions such as BLCA, CESC, HNSC, KIRP, LIHC, and LUAD. Conclusion: Based on our findings, GAPDH emerged as a promising diagnostic and prognostic biomarker for BLCA, CESC, HNSC, KIRP, LIHC, and LUAD.
Clinical Features and Risk Factors of COVID-19-Associated Fungal Infections in Kidney Transplant Recipients
Authors: Sun Chonghao , Dong Hao , Tan Haotian , Shen Congrong , Ding Zhenshan , Zhao Ying , Wang Jianfeng
Published: October 2024

Objective: To investigate the clinical features, outcomes, and risk factors of fungal infections in kidney transplant recipients (KTRs) as a result of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Methods: We retrospectively analyzed 54 KTRs with COVID-19 who were hospitalized at the China-Japan Friendship Hospital from December 1, 2022, to April 1, 2023. With a mean age of 50 ± 12 years, there were 43 men and 11 women participated. For KTRs with COVID-19, we employed multivariate logistic regression analysis to identify the risk factors. Results: Twenty (37.0%) patients in this study had fungal infections as a result of COVID-19. Patients with fungal infections had significantly higher rates of mortality (50.0%, 10/20 vs. 2.9%, 1/34, P < 0.001), acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) (65.0%, 13/20 vs. 26.5%, 9/34, P = 0.005), and acute kidney injury (AKI) (60%, 12/20 vs. 23.5%, 8/34, P = 0.007) than those without fungal infections. The result of the multivariate analysis showed that the incidence of fungal infections in KTRs with COVID-19 was independently correlated with age (increased by 10 years, OR = 2.221), history of diabetes mellitus (OR = 12.293), ARDS (OR = 12.849), and bacterial co-infections (OR = 30.461). Conclusion: Compared to KTRs without fungal infections, those with COVID-19-related fungal infections had worse clinical courses and less favorable results. The conditions including bacterial co-infections, ARDS, older age, and comorbidity of diabetes mellitus increased the incidence of secondary fungal infections.
A NOVEL CONCEPT: THE PRODUCT OF TWO NEGATIVELY DIRECTED NUMBERS IS A NEGATIVELY DIRECTED NUMBER THOUGH THE NEGATIVE OF A NEGATIVE NUMBER IS A POSITIVE NUMBER
Authors: Bhattacharyya Prabir Chandra
Published: October 2024

In this paper, the author proved that the product of two negatively directed numbers is a negatively directed number. This article is the outcome of previously published (2021-2024) ten (10) articles of this author. It is true that the negative of a negative number is a positive number. It has been done by applying the inversion process to a negative number. The process of inversion does not satisfy the basic concept of multiplication. Multiplication is defined as the adding of a number concerning another number repeatedly. So, the process of inversion does not comply with the fundamental concept of multiplication. According to the Theory of Dynamics of Numbers there exist three types of numbers: (1) Neutral or discrete numbers (2) Positively directed numbers (3) Negatively directed numbers. In general, we use four types of operators: addition (+), subtraction (-), multiplication (x), and division (÷) in mathematical calculations. Besides these, we use the negative sign (-) as an inversion operator. The positive sign (+) and negative sign (-) also represent the direction of neutral or discrete numbers. In this paper, the author introduced Fermat's Last Theorem: xn + yn = zn for n = 2 in Bhattacharyya's Theorem to prove that the product of two negatively directed numbers is a negatively directed number using the concept of the Theory of Dynamics of Numbers. In this paper, the author framed new laws of multiplication and inversion. Also, the author has given a comparative study between the conventional method of multiplication and the present concept of multiplication citing some practical examples. The author has become successful in finding the root of a quadratic equation in real numbers even if the discriminant, b2 – 4ac < 0 without using the concept of the imaginary number and also in determining the radius of a circle even if g2 + f2 < c, in real number without using the concept of complex numbers. With one example the author proved that this theorem is applicable in ‘Calculus’ also.
ENHANCING THE RESILIENCE OF IOT NETWORKS: STRATEGIES AND MEASURES FOR MITIGATING DDOS ATTACKS
Authors: Fatima Mehak , Ali Arshad , Afzal Rana Muhammad Tausif , Ahmad Muhammad , Un Nisa Fakhar , Khan Hamayun , Farooq Hafiz Umar , Ur Raheem Muhammad Ahsan
Published: October 2024

The Internet of Things (IoTs) are emerging and become a vital need in our daily routine. The privacy protection and insecurity of these IoT-based devices face many challenges. Distributed denial of service (DDoS) attacks in IoT networks become a significant growing challenge that is addressed in this research. The resilience and strategy for IoT devices due to distributed denial of service (DDoS) attacks assess current security measures by proposing modern procedures to upgrade the strength of IoT frameworks. This article proposes a mechanism that mitigiates the effects of DDoS attacks in IoTs, that cause significant destruction to existing systems. Utilizing secondary data from Kaggle, the machine is trained and tested. Our proposed approach incorporates descriptive statistics, correlations, t-tests, chi-square tests, and regression analyses to supply a systematic understanding of IoT security by critically analyzing the existing variants of numerous DDoS attacks, Security issues in IoTs, and creation of them in Botnets or zombies. Our findings show that the proposed security techniques are viable and detection rates correlate with security viability. The proposed model asses various network threat and cybersecurity arrangements for mitigating DDoS attacks in IoT’s and outperforms the previously implemented Web Application Firewall (WAF), Bot Mitigation, Resource Prioritisation, and Content Delivery Networks (CDNs)based DDoS mitigation techniques by 80.5%, 88%, 86% in terms of effectiveness, T-test, chi test, and correlation.
SOME FEATURES OF PAIRWISE α-R0 SPACES IN SUPRA FUZZY BITOPOLOGY
Authors: Miah Md. Hannan , Amin Ruhul
Published: October 2024

This paper introduces and studies four concepts of supra fuzzy bitopological spaces. We have exhibited that all these four concepts are ‘good extensions’ of the corresponding concepts bitopological spaces and building relationships among them. It has been justified that all the definitions are hereditary, productive, and projective. Furthermore, additional properties of these concepts are studied.
DEVELOPMENT AND VALIDATION OF AN ELECTRONIC QUESTIONNAIRE TO ASSESS THE PROFESSIONAL AWARENESS OF DOCTORS ABOUT THE PROCEDURE FOR REPORTING ADVERSE REACTIONS TO DRUGS
Authors: K.O. Schneider , M.L. Maksimov
Published: October 2024

Drug safety is one of the priority areas of modern medicine and pharmacy. The statistics and accounting of adverse drug reactions represent a complex problem due to the fact that many adverse reactions remain unrecognized and also depend on the willingness of healthcare professionals to inform regulatory authorities about the occurred adverse reactions. The objective of this study was to create and assess the reliability of an electronic questionnaire aimed at evaluating healthcare professionals' understanding of the procedures for reporting adverse drug reactions. The study consisted of two phases: the first phase focused on the development of the questionnaire and evaluation of a draft version by an expert committee, while the second phase included pilot testing with 30 respondents. The final version of the electronic questionnaire consists of 23 questions. As a result of the two phases of development and validation, the electronic questionnaire demonstrates sufficient reliability and validity, suggesting its potential for future use.
PREGNANCY, CHILDBIRTH AND PERINATAL OUTCOMES IN PREGNANT WOMEN AFTER IN VITRO FERTILIZATION
Authors: P.H. Gadzhieva , M.O. Alieva , P.S. Magomedova , T.S. Musalipova , S.M. Murtazaeva , L.M. Shishkina , M.H. Gadzhiev
Published: October 2024

Almost every day we face the problem of infertility among married couples. It should also be noted that currently male and female infertility occur with approximately the same frequency. According to information provided by the World Health Organization, one in six people in the world faces the problem of infertility. Assisted reproductive technologies for the treatment of infertile couples are considered a serious medical intervention worldwide. The updated data confirmed the absence of significant differences in the prevalence of infertility among different regions of the world. Thus, high-, middle- and low-income countries have comparable infertility rates. This means that this problem is a worldwide health problem. At the same time, there are significant differences in the availability, quality and provision of infertility treatment services between high-income and low-income countries.
The purpose of the study: to study the features of the course of pregnancy, childbirth and perinatal losses in pregnant women after in vitro fertilization.
Materials and methods of research. A retrospective analysis of the course of pregnancies, childbirth and perinatal outcomes was performed in 155 patients whose pregnancy occurred after the use of assisted reproductive technologies (in vitro fertilization). Only women whose pregnancy ended in childbirth were included in the study.
Results. Further clinical studies are needed to reduce the incidence of pregnancy complications and improve perinatal outcomes. In addition, it is necessary to expand the availability of all necessary low-cost and high-quality methods of infertility treatment.
OSTEOPOROSIS AS A RISK FACTOR FOR CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASES
Authors: E.A. Pyata , Yu. Rakov , M.A. Gilyazova
Published: October 2024

Cardiovascular disease and bone fractures caused by osteoporosis are the leading causes of death in older adults. The purpose of this study was to demonstrate the correlation between overall risk of cardiovascular events and low bone density in postmenopausal women, and its impact on the incidence of major cardiovascular events. Our prospective study included 300 postmenopausal women. All those examined were divided into three groups depending on the measured bone tissue density: Group I – 84 examined with osteoporosis; Group II – 115 patients with osteopenia; and group III – 101 subjects with normal bone density. For all subjects, the overall ten-year risk of a fatal cardiovascular event was calculated using the SCORE system tables. Results. After 36 months of observation, cardiovascular diseases occurred in 19 (6.3%) subjects. Significant differences in the incidence of cardiovascular events were demonstrated between patients with osteoporosis, osteopenia and normal bone density (x2=28.7; p<0.001), as well as between patients with high and low cardiovascular risk (x2=22, 6; p). <0.001). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that smoking (2.23; 95% CI: 1.02–6.19; p=0.035) and an increase in total cardiovascular score (1.36; 95% CI: 1.17–1 .58; p<0.001) are related. with an increased risk of cardiovascular events, while an increase in T-score was associated with a decreased risk of cardiovascular events (0.42; 95% CI: 0.25 to 0.73; p=0.002). Measurement of bone density with a standardized assessment of overall cardiovascular risk may be useful in selecting women in need of intensive prevention and treatment of atherosclerosis.
GRADE READINESS OF EXPECTANT MOTHERS TO BREASTFEED.
Authors: N.B. Gomboeva , A.V. Alsagaev , L.A. Lubsanova , Yu.M. Sambueva
Published: October 2024

Breastfeeding is the optimal type of child feeding, having a beneficial effect on the health of the child and mother. Objective: to assess the knowledge of expectant mothers about breast milk and the current practice of preparing for breastfeeding in medical organizations. Materials and methods. A one-time study was conducted using a voluntary survey among pregnant and postpartum women in antenatal clinics and obstetric institutions.
Results. Despite the readiness of 89% of surveyed respondents to breastfeed their children, there is insufficient commitment of medical personnel to prepare for breastfeeding: only 44% of expectant mothers received information about the benefits of breastfeeding during pregnancy in antenatal clinics and 68% in maternity care institutions, attached to breasts immediately after birth in only 73% of newborns, only 29.6% of postpartum women received help from a breastfeeding consultant in the maternity hospital, 39% of nursing mothers developed cracked nipples on the second or third day from the start of feeding, indicating a violation of breastfeeding technique, and finally, only 33.0% of mothers in the region breastfeed until their children reach 6 months of age. Only 7.3% of respondents know about the reduced risk of developing breast cancer when breastfeeding, 26% believe that children receiving adapted artificial formula are less susceptible to acute intestinal infections. Conclusion. Insufficient knowledge about the benefits of breast milk in expectant mothers requires a change in organizational forms of work to support breastfeeding during pregnancy and in the early postpartum period in medical organizations, as well as large-scale measures to inform the population and create conditions conducive to breastfeeding about its importance.
CLINICAL EFFECTIVENESS OF NON-HORMONAL METHODS OF THERAPY FOR PATHALOGICAL CLIMACTERIC SYNDROME IN WOMEN
Authors: A.V. Kazakova , O.I. Lineva , A.A. Trupakova , I.E. Dufinets , I.S. Kiyashko , D.M. Larina
Published: October 2024

The purpose of the study is to study the clinical effectiveness of the dietary supplement "Menophen" in comparison with β-alanine in the treatment of menopausal symptoms in women in the perimenopausal, menopausal and postmenopausal periods. Menopausal syndrome is a complex of vegetative-vascular, psycho-emotional, metabolic-endocrine, vaginal, sexual and other disorders. According to domestic authors, vasomotor disorders such as hot flashes, lability of blood pressure and pulse, increased sweating, chills, which significantly reduce the quality of life of patients and disrupt the circadian sleep-wake rhythm, come to the fore. Today, menopausal women continue to work actively, but hot flashes and sleep disturbances significantly reduce their level of performance and increase the number of absences from sick leave by 82%, compared to women without hot flashes. At the same time, 87.5% of women refuse to use and prescribe MHT, expressing doubts about the safety of their use; the main fears of patients are weight gain and the development of oncological pathology. Treatment with the dietary supplement Menofen leads to a decrease in the number and severity of psycho-emotional, metabolic-endocrine and neurovegetative disorders in menopausal women.
DEVELOPMENT OF AN EXPERIMENTAL DOSAGE FORM FOR TOPICAL USE WITH ANTIFUNGAL ACTION
Authors: I.V. Alekseeva , V.V. Novikova , O.V. Bobrovskaya , V.L. Gein
Published: October 2024

Currently, mycoses are one of the urgent health problems. According to WHO, up to 1/3 of the world's population suffers from fungal pathologies. Currently, fungal infections are becoming increasingly difficult to treat, which is associated both with the identification of new species of fungi that were previously considered non-pathogenic, and with the development of resistance of pathogens to available medicines. The problem of mycoses is becoming more urgent due to the variety of pathways of transmission of pathogens and their high resistance in the external environment, changes in the immune response of the human body. Therefore, it is so important to expand the range and constantly improve the compositions and forms of antifungal agents. The substance of the silver salt pyrazole-3-carboxamide (SSP) synthesized in PGFA showed antifungal activity, which allowed it to be included in the experimental mild dosage form. The purpose of this study is to develop an experimental mild dosage form based on the silver salt of pyrazole–3-carboxamide for topical use in candidiasis dermatomycosis and to evaluate its antifungal activity. Materials and methods. The pharmacologically active component is the pharmaceutical substance of the silver salt N-{4-[(1,3-thiazole-2-yl)sulfamoyl]phenyl}-1-phenyl-5-(4-ethoxyphenyl)pyrazole-3-carboxamide. The antifungal activity of the compound was studied by double serial dilutions in a liquid nutrient medium in relation to reference strains of fungi of the genus Candida: Candida albicans NCTC 885-653, Candida krusei RCPGU-1472/310, Candida glabrata RCPGU-1485/47. To determine the antifungal activity of an experimental mild dosage form in relation to a typical strain of fungi of the genus Candida, a three-nesting variant of the agar diffusion method was used. Statistical processing of the results of chemical studies was carried out according to generally accepted methods using standard EXCEL computer programs. Results and discussion. As a result of the conducted research, the composition of an experimental mild dosage form based on the silver salt of pyrazole-3-carboxamide has been substantiated and developed. A technology for the manufacture of ointment has been developed to ensure the quality of the dosage form, its therapeutic activity and stability. Conclusion. Based on technological and microbiological studies, an experimental mild dosage form based on the silver salt of pyrazole-3-carboxamide has been developed with the aim of further introduction into medical practice for the local treatment of dermatomycosis after appropriate studies.
Poetics and Aesthetics, Analog and Digital
Authors: Mazziero Kleber
Published: October 2024

This article is the result of a case study based on the methodological procedures of a focus group carried out with Cinema students, in São Paulo, in May 2024. The study selected a sample of six Cinema students, young people with more than half of the course degree already completed, therefore with some knowledge and practice of film production and with some repertoire of appreciation of cinematographic techniques and discourses. The primary purpose of the Study was to investigate whether these students would aesthetically perceive the language resources used in the poetic construction of director of photography Mike Gioulakis in the film Night Shyamalan’s Old. There were two language resources: the use of analogue cameras and celluloid film to capture the film's images. Based on the premise that the majority of students would watch the film on digital devices, there was a possibility that the language resources would not be completely grasped. As the premise turned out to be true, the Study resulted in important findings and even more important questions.
El uso del ECRIF en las escuelas populares de inglés
Authors: Andrade Morán José Ignacio , Castro Bungacho Sonia Jimena
Published: October 2024

La investigación se llevó a cabo en el barrio Monseñor Ruiz Navas del cantón Pujilí, donde se implementó el método ECRIF para mejorar el desarrollo del idioma inglés en estudiantes de 8 a 15 años. Se realizo un pre-test y post-test para evaluar y fortalecer las habilidades lingüísticas en comprensión auditiva, expresión oral, lectura y escritura. Las actividades relacionadas incluyen evaluaciones periódicas del nivel A1 de inglés de los estudiantes, Las cuales fueron diseñadas para monitorear su progreso a lo largo del estudio. La investigación adopta un enfoque combinado cualitativo y cuantitativo para profundizar en el impacto del ECRIF en el desarrollo del idioma inglés. La metodología no experimental se seleccionó debido a que la variable dependiente, el nivel de competencia en inglés de los estudiantes, no puede ser manipulada directamente. El objetivo es evaluar la efectividad del método ECRIF e identificar áreas de mejora en la enseñanza del inglés. En conclusión, el uso del ECRIF en los estudiantes beneficiarios del sector brindo una estructura clara y efectiva para promover el aprendizaje del inglés, contribuyendo al desarrollo lingüístico y académico integral de los estudiantes en este entorno particular.
Impacto académico, quirúrgico y social de la Clínica Veterinaria de la UTC
Authors: Chipugsi Albán Cristina Narcisa , Jiménez González Marco Xavier , Beltrán Romero Cristian Fernando , Arcos Alvarez Cristian Neptali
Published: October 2024

Mediante el proyecto de Vinculación con la sociedad la Universidad Técnica de Cotopaxi, a través de su Clínica Veterinaria, presta servicios a la comunidad con la consulta médica veterinaria completamente gratuita, minimizando los recursos de los propietarios y/o tutores de las macotas. Todos los procesos se documentan mediante historias clínicas, y POES de método, por cada especie (caninos y felinos). En esta casa de salud se han atendido al de 1810 mascotas, de estas 1432 pertenecen procedimientos médicos generales (medicina general, medicina preventiva, diagnóstico y tratamiento de enfermedades, manejo de heridas, exámenes de laboratorio) y 378 cirugías entre las cuales destacan: esterilizaciones, castraciones, herniorrafias, traumatología, tacking de glándula nictitante, mastectomías, cesáreas, extracción de tumores, y 5 cirugías de traumatología de aparatos de fijación externa. Estableciendo planes de bioseguridad para cada procedimiento, técnica o método con la finalidad de dar mayor protección a: pacientes, médicos veterinarios, asistentes rotativos y usuarios de nuestra casa de salud. El accionar de la clínica tiene 2 ejes fundamentales: un sentido académico como formación pre profesional para estudiantes de la Carrera de Medicina Veterinaria y la vinculación de la academia con la sociedad para prestar servicios médicos veterinarios y aportar una base de desarrollo brindando calidad en cada proceso. Dado estos principios y buscando el bienestar animal hemos dado soluciones quirúrgicas viables a los tutores de mascotas/ pacientes, que han sufrido fracturas realizando aparatos de fijación externa para reducción de las mismas cuyo principio es: por el que una fuerza se transforma en movimiento”, en el que, en un determinado estadio de la formación del callo, se libera el tutor y se permite que la carga actúe elásticamente sobre el foco de fractura.
Dynamics of Career Orientations of Student Teachers: Interuniversity Study Results
Authors:   Kazan (Volga Region) Federal University, Kazan, Russia, Valeeva Roza ,   Federal Scientific Center of Psychological and Multidisciplinary Research, Kazan Branch, Kazan, Russia, Parfilova Gulfiya ,   Kazan (Volga Region) Federal University, Kazan, Russia, Kremen Faina ,   Smolensk State University, Smolensk, Russia, Kremen Sergei ,   Smolensk State University, Smolensk, Russia, Pak Lyubov ,   Orenburg State Pedagogical University, Orenburg, Russia, Ivanishcheva Nadezhda ,   Orenburg State Pedagogical University, Orenburg, Russia, Kochemasova Lyubov ,   Orenburg State Pedagogical University, Orenburg, Russia, Eremina Anastasiya ,   Orenburg State Pedagogical University, Orenburg, Russia, Demakova Irina ,   Moscow Pedagogical State University, Moscow, Russia, Adamyan Elena ,   Moscow Pedagogical State University, Moscow, Russia, Adamyan Luisa ,   Moscow Pedagogical State University, Moscow, Russia, Mikhailenko Olga ,   Kabardino-Balkarian State University named after H.M. Berbekov, Nalchik, Russia, Bagova Rimma ,   Kabardino-Balkarian State University named after H.M. Berbekov, Nalchik, Russia, Skudareva Galina ,   State University of Humanities and Technology, Orekhovo-Zuyevo, Russia, Ustseva Mariia ,   State University of Humanities and Technology, Orekhovo-Zuyevo, Russia
Published: October 2024

One of the reasons for the shortage of teaching staff in various countries around the world is the problem of attracting young staff to schools and their rapid dismissal. This situation actualizes the issues of studying the motivational bases for choosing a teaching profession. Tracking changes in students' career choice preferences can be facilitated by monitoring students' career orientations at different stages of their studies. The study aims to explore the dynamics of career orientations of student teachers from universities of various types over a three-year period of study. As a method of repeated research, the methodology for determining career orientations by Shein (adapted by Vinokurova and Chiker) was used. Analysis of the universities’ curricula was carried out to determine the characteristics of the educational process organization. With the help of a questionnaire, socio-demographic and motivational-professional characteristics of students were identified. Five hundred and four 3rd-year students from 6 universities of different types, who had already taken part in the first stage of the study in 2022, became participants in this study. The analysis of the obtained data allowed to identify the preservation of main career orientations (service, job stability and integration of lifestyles) among students. The convergence of the indicators of career orientations among students from different universities was established.
A UAV Based Concrete Crack Detection and Segmentation Using 2-Stage Convolutional Network with Transfer Learning
Authors: Sorilla Joses , Chu Timothy Scott C. , Chua Alvin Y.
Published: October 2024

This study explores a non-destructive testing (NDT) method for crack detection using a two-stage convolutional neural network (CNN) model, incorporating a combination of AlexNet and YOLO models through transfer learning. Crack detection is pivotal for assessing structural integrity and ensuring timely maintenance interventions. The developed model was rigorously tested in simulated environments and through physical experimentations with the use of a UAV to evaluate its effectiveness. A 2-stage model, based on AlexNet and YOLO, was developed for crack classification and segmentation. The developed model leveraged transfer learning to address limitations from traditional CNN models. A known dataset was used to evaluate the developed model, benchmarking it against other models. The classification network achieved an accuracy rate exceeding 90%, while the segmentation network successfully identified and delineated cracks in 85.71% of the images. Finally, the developed model was deployed using a UAV to perform crack detection and segmentation in a controlled environment. These results underscore the model's proficiency in both detecting and segmenting structural cracks, highlighting its potential as a reliable tool for enhancing the maintenance and safety of architectural structures. Doi: 10.28991/HIJ-2024-05-03-010 Full Text: PDF
A Novel Classification Model Based on Hybrid K-Means and Neural Network for Classification Problems
Authors: Chenghu Cui , Thammano Arit
Published: October 2024

We propose a new classification model—a new classification model for clustering overlapping problems based on K-Means and neural networks. K-means clustering algorithm belongs to unsupervised learning. It is a classic algorithm for solving clustering problems. Since this algorithm calculates its categories based on distance, the results tend to converge to the local optimal solution and have poor boundary clustering properties. The K-Means classification algorithm defines clusters by the distance between the cluster center value and the target object, and the optimal result is obtained through continuous iteration. Therefore, clustering results are overlapped, and there are often outliers that do not belong to the current cluster, resulting in unsatisfactory clustering results. Our model offers a new method to segment non-ideal data in overlapping regions. Since clustering algorithms cannot effectively identify and classify this part of the data, we split this part of the data and train it using a neural network. The results are then integrated into the clustered data. In the experiment, the k-fold cross-validation method ensures the model stability of the results. We used the accuracy to evaluate the quality of the model, and we used standard deviation and mean deviation to detect clustering results. Five sets of experimental data from the cross-experiment show that compared with the K-Means classification model, the accuracy of our model is effectively improved. Doi: 10.28991/HIJ-2024-05-03-012 Full Text: PDF
Innovative Metal Powder Production Using CFD with Convergent-Divergent Nozzles in Wire Arc Atomization
Authors: Sukkee Matee , Kongphan Phanphong
Published: October 2024

This study aims to enhance the production of metal powders using a novel approach that integrates computational fluid dynamics (CFD) with convergent-divergent (C-D) nozzles in wire arc spraying atomization (WASA). The primary objective is to investigate the influence of nozzle design on particle size distribution and production efficiency. Utilizing the ANSYS CFD Fluent program, simulations were conducted to analyze the effects of various parameters, including throat diameter and divergent angles, on gas dynamics and metal droplet behavior. The findings reveal that C-D nozzles facilitate the acceleration of gas flow to supersonic speeds, significantly improving the shear force acting on the molten metal, thereby promoting the fragmentation of droplets into smaller particles. Notably, the optimized nozzle configuration achieved a median particle size (D50) of 44.42 µm, suitable for additive manufacturing applications. The novelty of this work lies in its comprehensive simulation framework that allows for rapid virtual testing, potentially leading to significant improvements in the efficiency and quality of metal powder production processes. This research addresses critical gaps in the existing literature and provides a robust foundation for future studies in the field of metal powder manufacturing. Doi: 10.28991/HIJ-2024-05-03-02 Full Text: PDF
A Study of Android Security Vulnerabilities and Their Future Prospects
Authors: Alsumayt Albandari , Elbeh Heba , Elkawkagy Mohamed , Alfawaer Zeyad , Alghamedy Fatemah H. , Alshammari Majid , Aljameel Sumayh S. , Albassam Sarah , AlGhareeb Shahad , Alamoudi Khadijah
Published: October 2024

Nowadays, smartphones are used for various activities, including checking emails, paying bills, and playing games, which have become essential parts of daily life. Also, IoT devices can be managed and controlled using applications. While applications can provide numerous benefits, they have also led to several security risks, such as theft of data, eavesdropping, compromised data, and denial-of-service attacks. This study examines security breaches, attacks targeting Android system applications, and vulnerabilities present at every layer of the Android architecture. Additionally, the study aims to compare and evaluate various treatment methods to identify their advantages and disadvantages. Furthermore, the study aims to examine Android's architecture for weaknesses that might lead to app vulnerabilities and potential attacks. To achieve the objectives of this study, a comprehensive analysis of security breaches and attacks targeting Android system applications will be conducted. Various treatment methods will be compared and evaluated through rigorous examination. Additionally, Android's architecture will be thoroughly examined to identify potential weaknesses and vulnerabilities. The analysis will focus on identifying the security risks associated with the use of applications on smartphones and IoT devices. The vulnerabilities present at every layer of the Android architecture will also be analyzed. Furthermore, the advantages and disadvantages of various treatment methods will be assessed. The findings of this study will reveal the various security risks, vulnerabilities, and potential weaknesses present in Android system applications and the Android architecture. The advantages and disadvantages of different treatment methods will also be highlighted. This study contributes to the development of more precise and robust security measures for Android, aiming to mitigate security breaches, attacks, and vulnerabilities. By identifying weaknesses and vulnerabilities, this study provides valuable insights for improving the overall security of Android system applications. Doi: 10.28991/HIJ-2024-05-03-020 Full Text: PDF
The Degree of Consistency Through Adopting SMART Objectives for Succession of Feasibility Studies to Infrastructure Projects
Authors: Hazem Ryad Tuma , Hadi Ali Hasan , Nassar Yasser Sahib
Published: October 2024

The process of formulating the basic strategies in a construction project must go through a set of stages. The desired objectives in feasibility studies should be highlighted to ensure that the packages of the infrastructure projects are moving smoothly in terms of the desired goal. In order to meet ambition for the long term in infrastructure projects, it is required to adopt the five pillars of SMART for rectifying the paths of feasibility studies. The study is a summarizing of fifteen elements that could have negative impacts on outputs of feasibility studies. The designed questionnaires have already been distributed via two stages to the experts/consultants in project management and others. 63 questionnaires were collected to find the negative impact of the elements, and the second stage included 89 participants for measuring their responses about the extent to which previous studies that were prepared over the past five years matched the concept of SMART-objectives. Based on the theoretical principle through analyzing the responses/opinions of participating experts, it was found that the feasibility studies for infrastructure projects obtained the following percentages: 46.07%, 41.57%, 28.09%, 22.47%, and 22.47%. This reflects that the objectives of the infrastructure project were specific, measured, achievable, relevant, and Time-Bound) in sequence consistent with the mentioned percentages. For the improvement outcomes of feasibility studies for infrastructure projects, that required a clear and invaluable link among all feasibility studies and the concept of applying the SMART-five pillars. Doi: 10.28991/HIJ-2024-05-03-05 Full Text: PDF
Modification of the existing maximum residue level for flonicamid in honey
Authors:   EFSA (European Food Safety Authority), Bellisai Giulia , Bernasconi Giovanni , Carrasco Cabrera Luis , Castellan Irene , del Aguila Monica , Ferreira Lucien , Greco Luna , Jarrah Samira , Leuschner Renata , Mioč Andrea , Nave Stefanie , Reich Hermine , Ruocco Silvia , Scarlato Alessia Pia , Szot Marta , Taglianini Elena , Theobald Anne , Tiramani Manuela , Verani Alessia
Published: October 2024

Abstract
In accordance with Article 6 of Regulation (EC) No 396/2005, the applicant ISK Biosciences Europe N.V. submitted a request to the competent national authority in Finland to modify the existing maximum residue level (MRL) for the active substance flonicamid in honey. The data submitted in support of the request were not found appropriate to derive an MRL proposal for honey. The assessment was complemented by an analysis of the monitoring data available from the EU monitoring programmes (conducted during 2009–2023). The results from the monitoring data analysis suggest that the current MRL is still sufficient to account for the residue uptake in honey resulting from plant protection products uses of flonicamid on melliferious crops. Adequate analytical methods for enforcement are available to control the residues of flonicamid in honey according to the residue definition as the sum of flonicamid, TFNA and TFNG, expressed as flonicamid at the validated limit of quantification (LOQ) of 0.01 mg/kg for each compound. Based on the risk assessment results, EFSA concluded that the short‐term and long‐term intake of residues in honey at a level of 0.05 mg/kg according to the monitoring data is unlikely to present a risk to consumer health.
Excepcional documento sobre arqueología maya escrito por Lorenzo De Zavala
Authors: Izquierdo Ana Luisa
Published: October 2024

Consultando documentos sobre México en los acervos de la Universidad de Texas en Austin, encontré cuatro textos del constituyente y vicepresidente de la república de ese estado, hoy de Estados Unidos, Lorenzo de Zavala sobre arqueología maya, totalmente diversos a los de su pluma sobre cuestiones políticas y jurídicas. Este artículo describe la historia de estos documentos desde que Lorenzo de Zavala los escribiera, hasta su llegada al repositorio tejano con todos los escritos que dejo al morir. Partimos de su inicial redacción como una conferencia que impartió en Francia y después su publicación en París, promoviendo a la cultura maya en Europa. Comentamos, cada uno de los párrafos del documento matriz, analizando cómo fue la visita de su juventud al sitio arqueológico cercano a su pueblo de nacimiento Tecoh, en Yucatán. Por otra parte, tratamos de poner al descubierto las concepciones de Zavala acerca de los mayas.
Analisis Kualitas Fisik Dan Cita Rasa Kopi Arabika (Coffea arabica L.) Pada Dua Rentang Ketinggian
Authors: Muiz Kharendra , Nilahayati Nilahayati , Nasruddin Nasruddin , Jamidi Jamidi , Hafifah Hafifah
Published: October 2024

Kualitas kopi Arabika sangat ditentukan oleh berbagai faktor, terutama ketinggian tempat tumbuh. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengungkap pengaruh spesifik ketinggian terhadap kualitas fisik dan cita rasa kopi Arabika Gayo di Kabupaten Aceh Tengah. Sampel biji kopi diambil dari dua rentang ketinggian, yaitu 1000-1500 mdpl dan 1500-1700 mdpl. Analisis kualitas fisik mengacu pada SNI 01-2907-2008, sedangkan uji cita rasa menggunakan metode cupping sesuai standar SCAA. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kopi dari ketinggian 1500-1700 mdpl memiliki skor cupping lebih tinggi, terutama pada parameter aroma, flavor, dan aftertaste, balance dan overall dibandingkan dengan kopi dari ketinggian 1000-1500 mdpl. Keduanya dikategorikan sebagai kopi specialty. Temuan ini mengindikasikan bahwa peningkatan ketinggian berkorelasi positif dengan peningkatan kompleksitas rasa dan kualitas keseluruhan kopi Arabika Gayo. Hasil penelitian ini memberikan rekomendasi bagi petani untuk mengoptimalkan produksi kopi berkualitas tinggi melalui pemilihan lokasi tanam pada ketinggian yang lebih tinggi.
BRIDGING THE GAP: INDUSTRY-ACADEMIA COLLABORATION IN ARCHITECTURE
Authors: Konduri Srisoma , Kumar Bipasha , Choudhury Deepashree
Published: October 2024

This study delves into the ever-needed symbiotic relationship between industry and academia within the architecture domain, clarifying the benefits, and challenges of their collaboration. The multifaceted dimensions of industry-academia collaboration in architecture focuses on the interns' enhancing their understanding during training, fresh graduates' grasp of technical know-how at their first job, and the role of innovative industry partnerships in problem-solving and future building. Through a mixed-method research approach, the paper examines the perceptions of architectural interns and fresh graduates on the effectiveness of educational preparation, their technical know-how and their creative proficiencies encountered in their initial professional roles. Innovative partnerships between industry leaders and academic institutions are further evaluated to unveil the collaborative efforts in addressing contemporary architectural challenges and innovations. The findings suggest a significant discrepancy between academic training and industry requirements, indicating a need for curriculum reform and an enhanced framework for continuous collaboration. This study not only contributes to a deeper understanding of the transition from academic preparation to professional practice but also presents practical implications for curriculum development and strategic industry engagement.
Metadiscourse and metalinguistic talk about script choice in Serbia: chasms and consequences for criticality
Authors: Albury-Garcés Nathan John
Published: October 2024

In Serbia, script diversity remains the norm whereby Serbian is routinely written in both the Cyrillic and Latin alphabets. This is not free of political contestation. Metadiscourses construct Cyrillic as the authentic script and central to ethnoidentity or, alternatively, as indexing dangerous nationalism, conservatism and Russian-leaning politics. On the flip side, metadiscourse associates Latin with modernity and progress, but for some with unwelcomed Western influence. But how do individuals themselves understand script preferences? This paper takes a folk linguistic approach to investigate whether the metalinguistic talk of Serbian individuals about script preferences is indeed informed by political metadiscourse. The data concern not only the stated preferences of individuals but also, borrowing from theory of mind, metatalk about how people explain the script preferences of others. The paper shows that the ideological oppositionality presupposed in metadiscourse tends not to be validated in metalinguistic talk, reminding us to be cognisant of chasms between societal-level metadiscourse and the lived experiences of individuals, and to avoid assumptions about the reach and impact of critical metadiscourse.
Sustaining motivation for Japanese kanji learning: Can digital games help?
Authors: Nesbitt Dallas , Müller Amanda
Published: October 2024

Educational digital games are often presented at Technology in Language Education conferences. The games are entertaining and are backed by research detailing how games can improve the learning experience through active critical learning, learner interaction, competition, challenge, and high learner motivation. The authors, inspired by such presentations, were interested in creating digital games to mitigate problems of demotivation in a beginner Japanese kanji (non-alphabetic script) class at Auckland University of Technology but found there was no body of research on digital games for learning non-alphabetic scripts. This paper contributes to filling this gap by describing the creation of three digital games for kanji learning. Difficulties were experienced during the development of the games and these are described with reference to the divide, discussed in gaming literature, between the type of digital games being showcased at conferences and the reality for teachers wishing to emulate the practice by developing their own digital games. Questionnaire responses and the game-related journal entries of three cohorts of learners were analysed, and teacher reflections on the action research project were used to answer the questions “Should we be leaving this field to the experts?” and “Other than high-end multi-level curriculum-centred digital games, are there different gaming scenarios worth exploring?”
Uso de pentoxifilina en lipoidoproteinosis o enfermedad de urbach wiethe. Reporte de casos
Authors: Cañarte Mero Jennifer Katherine , Torres-Pereira Yamaru del Valle , Díaz Landaeta Leopoldo
Published: October 2024

La lipoproteinosis o enfermedad de Urbach Wiethe, es una genodermatosis, de origen genético y patrón de transmisión autosómico recesivo, sin predilección de sexo. Caracterizado por diversos grados de depósitos intercelulares de material hialino en la piel, membranas mucosas y órganos internos, lo que condiciona infiltración y engrosamiento de órganos afectados. El curso es lento y carácter benigno. Se presentan dos casos clínicos, escolar de 6 años de edad, quien consulta por piel seca y disfonía desde los 2 años. Y adolescente de 13 años de edad con sintomatología similar. Se realiza el diagnóstico clínico e histopatológico. Se inicia tratamiento con Pentoxifilina vía oral a razón de 10 mg por kilogramo de peso al día observándose mejoría significativa de las lesiones. Se evidencia la eficacia y la seguridad de la pentoxifilina como terapia complementaria en pacientes pediátricos con diagnóstico de lipoidoproteinosis.
Lesiones papulo-vesiculares pruriginosas de difícil manejo en un escolar
Authors: Giubergia Canepa Flavia , Bernales Salinas Andrea , Baeza Sprönle Angelo , Toso Diaz de la Vega Stefania , Mercado Cristian
Published: October 2024

Paciente de tres años de edad, sin antecedentes mórbidos constatados, consulta múltiples veces en servicio de urgencia pediátrico, por cuadro agudo de fiebre, y erupción cutánea papulo-vesiculosa, el cual empeoraba en cada visita, donde se manejaba con antibióticos y antihistamínicos. El paciente posteriormente es evaluado por dermatología pediátrica, quienes van a replantear el diagnóstico de los primeros profesionales.
Ars ad libitum
Authors: Atuesta Negret Juan Jaime
Published: October 2024

A finales del año pasado, fui gentil y generosamente convocado por la Dra. María Angélica Macías Eslava para dirigir la sección cultural de nuestra revista, invitación que acepté encantado.
Luego, debí escoger el nombre para la sección y consideré que debería ser incluyente y abierto a cualquier manifestación del humanismo, por lo que decidí que sería apropiado una expresión latina como ars ad libitum, que puede entenderse como el arte a gusto, a voluntad o a libertad, y así dejar, de paso, una invitación abierta para que cualquiera de los miembros pueda colaborar activamente con esta sección.
En esta primera entrega, y a modo de rompehielos, he querido compilar y resumir varias reflexiones de diferentes autores, tan inteligentes, emotivas y auténticas, que he dejado párrafos textuales completos sobre la medicina como ciencia y arte.