bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Energy Transition Scenarios and Their Economic Impacts in the Extended Neoclassical Model of Economic Growth
Authors: Režný Lukáš , Bureš Vladimír
Published: July 2019

Introduction: Energy return on energy invested (EROEI) of fossil fuels has been declining sharply, while modern renewable energy sources generally have even lower EROEI than fossil fuels. It has been repeatedly proven that economic growth expressed in the form of growth of real Gross Domestic Product (GDP) is closely related to intensified energy consumption and escalated usage of natural resources in general. This problem remains scarcely explored in pure economic modelling. Objectives: This study presents a novel model titled Energy Extended Neoclassical Growth Model (EENGM), which focuses on the consequences of declining quantity and quality of extractable fossil fuels and lower quality of the succeeding renewable energy technology for economic growth. Method: The Neoclassical growth model is translated into a system dynamics format and is extended by important feedback mechanisms, which are identified as important from the literature and mostly missing from the analyzed system dynamics models with a similar scope. Two scenarios assess the EENGM performance: business as usual (BAU) and the sustainability strategy (SUS). Results: Sensitivity analysis is performed for the Energy Return on Energy Invested (EROEI) parameter and results in the investment share in GDP varying between 27 and 40%, while the energy sector investment largely displaces investment in other economic sectors. The EENGM is associated with new behavior whereby the underperforming energy sector limits GDP growth and seizes most of the available investment. The adoption of the SUS strategy causes 28% lower cumulative fossil fuel aggregate consumption which still corresponds to higher than 1.5 °C global warming compared to the preindustrial levels. Conclusion: The share of consumption in the GDP of an economy undergoing energy transition can approach levels previously seen only in totally war-oriented economies. Even omitting other negative environmental feedback, the feasibility of the successful energy transition of the system in its contemporary form, with the currently available renewable energy technology, seems to be highly uncertain.
Sustainability in Forest Management Revisited Using Multi-Criteria Decision-Making Techniques
Authors: Ezquerro Marta , Pardos Marta , Diaz-Balteiro Luis
Published: July 2019

Since its origins, the idea of sustainability has always been linked to forest management. However, nowadays, sustainable forest management has usually been approached by defining a set of criteria and indicators. This paper aims to address sustainability in forest management including a set of criteria encompassing the most common decisions: whether the stands are even or uneven-aged, and the optimal silviculture that should be applied in each stand. For this purpose, a lexicographic goal programming model with two priority levels has been defined, into which six different criteria are integrated. Each criterion corresponds to a particular pillar (economic, technical, or environmental). Furthermore, also incorporated into the model are the preferences of diverse stakeholders, both for the criteria considered in the analysis and for the most suitable silvicultural alternatives to be applied in each stand. This methodology has been applied to a case study in Spain, and the results show much more attractive solutions than the current forest management planning, allowing the obtainment of multi-aged systems that could be favourable for other ecosystem services.
Improving the Efficiency of Highway Construction Project Management Using Lean Management
Authors: Wu Xueying , Zhao Wenyi , Ma Tianshan , Yang Ziyu
Published: July 2019

The construction industry is often ranked top in producing the largest amount of waste during a project, be it the waste of material resources or the waste of manpower. This has elevated the need for an improved and more structured management technique. This study will look into the principles and practices of lean management pertinent to highway construction projects to analyze whether lean management practices can improve the management efficiency for complex projects. This study adopted a quantitative approach, and a linear regression model has been used to investigate correlations between the lean test factors and the efficiency-dependent variables. It was found that lean management tools that are used repeatedly and the ones that require a high level of detailing are positively associated with efficiency improvement in highway construction projects. In particular, LPS, JIT, and VM were found to be more commonly used in highway construction projects. The research results will aid in the initial decision-making process of the project managers, as they will be able to map different lean tools with their benefits and limitations and then select the one that best suits the project needs and deliverables. Future studies can adopt the interpretivism paradigm to explore new theories and concepts related to highway construction management.
Seasonal Correction of Offshore Wind Energy Potential due to Air Density: Case of the Iberian Peninsula
Authors: Ulazia Alain , Ibarra-Berastegi Gabriel , Sáenz Jon , Carreno-Madinabeitia Sheila , González-Rojí Santos J.
Published: July 2019

A constant value of air density based on its annual average value at a given location is commonly used for the computation of the annual energy production in wind industry. Thus, the correction required in the estimation of daily, monthly or seasonal wind energy production, due to the use of air density, is ordinarily omitted in existing literature. The general method, based on the implementation of the wind speed’s Weibull distribution over the power curve of the turbine, omits it if the power curve is not corrected according to the air density of the site. In this study, the seasonal variation of air density was shown to be highly relevant for the computation of offshore wind energy potential around the Iberian Peninsula. If the temperature, pressure, and moisture are taken into account, the wind power density and turbine capacity factor corrections derived from these variations are also significant. In order to demonstrate this, the advanced Weather Research and Forecasting mesoscale Model (WRF) using data assimilation was executed in the study area to obtain a spatial representation of these corrections. According to the results, the wind power density, estimated by taking into account the air density correction, exhibits a difference of 8% between summer and winter, compared with that estimated without the density correction. This implies that seasonal capacity factor estimation corrections of up to 1% in percentage points are necessary for wind turbines mainly for summer and winter, due to air density changes.
Harnessing the Real Estate Market for Equitable Affordable Housing Provision through Land Value Capture: Insights from San Francisco City, California
Authors: Nzau Bernard , Trillo Claudia
Published: July 2019

Affordable housing remains a serious problem in many countries. Even as the housing affordability crisis deepens, most cities continue to exhibit robust real estate markets with high property prices. The low-income and poor households are unable to access affordable housing and remain excluded. This paper draws from empirical research conducted in the city of San Francisco and focuses on the application of Land Value Capture (LVC) through increased Inclusionary Housing (IH) requirements after plan changes that increased density potential in San Francisco’s Eastern Neighbourhoods to evaluate its effects on the goals of increasing both affordable housing and social inclusion. Findings reveal that the increased inclusionary requirements used as LVC mechanism enabled 76.2% of all the affordable housing units produced in the Eastern Neighbourhoods to be produced by market-rate developers in 2011–2015 as compared to the rest of San Francisco, where 35.5% of the affordable units were produced from the market through inclusionary policy during the same period. The study demonstrates that upzoning underutilised land coupled with a well-planned LVC mechanism can help harness the strength of the real estate market and increase both affordable housing production and social inclusion.
A New Lightweight Stream Cipher Based on Chaos
Authors: Ding Lina , Liu Chunyuan , Zhang Yanpeng , Ding Qun
Published: July 2019

A chaotic system and two Nonlinear Feadback Shift Registers (NFSRs) are used to generate a new stream cipher in this paper. This design can be used for efficient encryption in resource-constrained devices or environments. The chaotic system is quantified and integrated with two NFSRs based on the technology of Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA). Many analyses are made from the angle of entropy in order to verify the cryptographic characteristics of the stream cipher, and National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) statistical test is completed to analyze the cipher. The test results show that the stream cipher here has good cryptographic characteristics.
A Numerical Solution of Fredholm Integral Equations of the Second Kind Based on Tight Framelets Generated by the Oblique Extension Principle
Authors: Mohammad Mutaz
Published: July 2019

In this paper, we present a new computational method for solving linear Fredholm integral equations of the second kind, which is based on the use of B-spline quasi-affine tight framelet systems generated by the unitary and oblique extension principles. We convert the integral equation to a system of linear equations. We provide an example of the construction of quasi-affine tight framelet systems. We also give some numerical evidence to illustrate our method. The numerical results confirm that the method is efficient, very effective and accurate.
Feature Selection with Conditional Mutual Information Considering Feature Interaction
Authors: Liang Jun , Hou Liang , Luan Zhenhua , Huang Weiping
Published: July 2019

Feature interaction is a newly proposed feature relevance relationship, but the unintentional removal of interactive features can result in poor classification performance for this relationship. However, traditional feature selection algorithms mainly focus on detecting relevant and redundant features while interactive features are usually ignored. To deal with this problem, feature relevance, feature redundancy and feature interaction are redefined based on information theory. Then a new feature selection algorithm named CMIFSI (Conditional Mutual Information based Feature Selection considering Interaction) is proposed in this paper, which makes use of conditional mutual information to estimate feature redundancy and interaction, respectively. To verify the effectiveness of our algorithm, empirical experiments are conducted to compare it with other several representative feature selection algorithms. The results on both synthetic and benchmark datasets indicate that our algorithm achieves better results than other methods in most cases. Further, it highlights the necessity of dealing with feature interaction.
Quantum Cosmologies under Geometrical Unification of Gravity and Dark Energy
Authors: Rubio Carlos A. , Asenjo Felipe A. , Hojman Sergio A.
Published: July 2019

A Friedmann–Robertson–Walker Universe was studied with a dark energy component represented by a quintessence field. The Lagrangian for this system, hereafter called the Friedmann–Robertson–Walker–quintessence (FRWq) system, was presented. It was shown that the classical Lagrangian reproduces the usual two (second order) dynamical equations for the radius of the Universe and for the quintessence scalar field, as well as a (first order) constraint equation. Our approach naturally unified gravity and dark energy, as it was obtained that the Lagrangian and the equations of motion are those of a relativistic particle moving on a two-dimensional, conformally flat spacetime. The conformal metric factor was related to the dark energy scalar field potential. We proceeded to quantize the system in three different schemes. First, we assumed the Universe was a spinless particle (as it is common in literature), obtaining a quantum theory for a Universe described by the Klein–Gordon equation. Second, we pushed the quantization scheme further, assuming the Universe as a Dirac particle, and therefore constructing its corresponding Dirac and Majorana theories. With the different theories, we calculated the expected values for the scale factor of the Universe. They depend on the type of quantization scheme used. The differences between the Dirac and Majorana schemes are highlighted here. The implications of the different quantization procedures are discussed. Finally, the possible consequences for a multiverse theory of the Dirac and Majorana quantized Universe are briefly considered.
Transformation Properties under the Operations of the Molecular Symmetry Groups G36 and G36(EM) of Ethane H3CCH3
Authors: Mellor Thomas M. , Yurchenko Sergei N. , Mant Barry P. , Jensen Per
Published: July 2019

In the present work, we report a detailed description of the symmetry properties of the eight-atomic molecule ethane, with the aim of facilitating the variational calculations of rotation-vibration spectra of ethane and related molecules. Ethane consists of two methyl groups CH 3 where the internal rotation (torsion) of one CH 3 group relative to the other is of large amplitude and involves tunnelling between multiple minima of the potential energy function. The molecular symmetry group of ethane is the 36-element group G 36 , but the construction of symmetrised basis functions is most conveniently done in terms of the 72-element extended molecular symmetry group G 36 (EM). This group can subsequently be used in the construction of block-diagonal matrix representations of the ro-vibrational Hamiltonian for ethane. The derived transformation matrices associated with G 36 (EM) have been implemented in the variational nuclear motion program TROVE (Theoretical ROVibrational Energies). TROVE variational calculations are used as a practical example of a G 36 (EM) symmetry adaptation for large systems with a non-rigid, torsional degree of freedom. We present the derivation of irreducible transformation matrices for all 36 (72) operations of G 36 (M) (G 36 (EM)) and also describe algorithms for a numerical construction of these matrices based on a set of four (five) generators. The methodology presented is illustrated on the construction of the symmetry-adapted representations both of the potential energy function of ethane and of the rotation, torsion and vibration basis set functions.
Binding and Synergizing Motif within Coleopteran Cadherin Enhances Cry3Bb Toxicity on the Colorado Potato Beetle and the Lesser Mealworm
Authors: Park Youngjin , Hua Gang , Ambati Suresh , Taylor Milton , Adang Michael J.
Published: July 2019

Cry3Bb toxin from Bacillus thuringiensis is an important insecticidal protein due to its potency against coleopteran pests, especially rootworms. Cadherin, a protein in the insect midgut epithelium, is a receptor of Cry toxins; in some insect species toxin-binding domains of cadherins-synergized Cry toxicity. Previously, we reported that the DvCad1-CR8-10 fragment of Diabrotica virgifera virgifera cadherin-like protein (GenBank Accession #EF531715) enhanced Cry3Bb toxicity to the Colorado Potato Beetle (CPB), Leptinotarsa decimlineata (L. decimlineata). We report that individual CR domains of the DvCad1-CR8-10 fragment were found to have strong binding affinities to α-chymotrypsin-treated Cry3Bb. The dissociation constant (Kd) of Cry3Bb binding to the CR8, CR9, and CR10 domain was 4.9 nM, 28.2 nM, and 4.6 nM, respectively. CR8 and CR10, but not CR9, enhanced Cry3Bb toxicity against L. decimlineata and the lesser mealworm Alphitobius diaperinus neonates. In-frame deletions of the DvCad1-CR10 open reading frame defined a high-affinity binding and synergistic site to a motif in residues I1226–D1278. A 26 amino acid peptide from the high affinity Cry3Bb-binding region of CR10 functioned as a Cry3Bb synergist against coleopteran larvae.
Simultaneous Detection of 14 Microcystin Congeners from Tissue Samples Using UPLC- ESI-MS/MS and Two Different Deuterated Synthetic Microcystins as Internal Standards
Authors: Altaner Stefan , Puddick Jonathan , Fessard Valerie , Feurstein Daniel , Zemskov Ivan , Wittmann Valentin , Dietrich Daniel R.
Published: July 2019

Cyanobacterial microcystins (MCs), potent serine/threonine-phosphatase inhibitors, pose an increasing threat to humans. Current detection methods are optimised for water matrices with only a few MC congeners simultaneously detected. However, as MC congeners are known to differ in their toxicity, methods are needed that simultaneously quantify the congeners present, thus allowing for summary hazard and risk assessment. Moreover, detection of MCs should be expanded to complex matrices, e.g., blood and tissue samples, to verify in situ MC concentrations, thus providing for improved exposure assessment and hazard interpretation. To achieve this, we applied two synthetic deuterated MC standards and optimised the tissue extraction protocol for the simultaneous detection of 14 MC congeners in a single ultra performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS) run. This procedure was validated using plasma and liver homogenates of mice (male and female) spiked with deuterated MC standards. For proof of concept, tissue and plasma samples from mice i.p. injected with MC-LR and MC-LF were analysed. While MC-LF was detected in all tissue samples of both sexes, detection of MC-LR was restricted to liver samples of male mice, suggesting different toxicokinetics in males, e.g., transport, conjugation or protein binding. Thus, deconjugation/-proteinisation steps should be employed to improve detection of bound MC.
Coxsackievirus-B4 Infection of Human Primary Pancreatic Ductal Cell Cultures Results in Impairment of Differentiation into Insulin-Producing Cells
Authors: Bertin Antoine , Sane Famara , Gmyr Valery , Lobert Delphine , Dechaumes Arthur , Kerr-Conte Julie , Pattou François , Hober Didier
Published: July 2019

Coxsackievirus-B4 (CV-B4) E2 can persist in the pancreatic ductal-like cells (Panc-1 cell line), which results in an impaired differentiation of these cells into islet-like cell aggregates (ICA). In this study, primary pancreatic ductal cells obtained as a by-product of islet isolation from the pancreas of seven brain-dead adults were inoculated with CV-B4 E2, followed-up for 29 days, and the impact was investigated. Viral titers in culture supernatants were analyzed throughout the culture. Intracellular viral RNA was detected by RT-PCR. Levels of ductal cell marker CK19 mRNA and of insulin mRNA were evaluated by qRT-PCR. The concentration of c-peptide in supernatants was determined by ELISA. Ductal cells exposed to trypsin and serum-free medium formed ICA and resulted in an increased insulin secretion. Ductal cells from five brain-dead donors were severely damaged by CV-B4 E2, whereas the virus persisted in cultures of cells obtained from the other two. The ICAs whose formation was induced on day 14 post-inoculation were scarce and appeared tiny in infected cultures. Also, insulin mRNA expression and c-peptide levels were strongly reduced compared to the controls. In conclusion, CV-B4 E2 lysed human primary pancreatic ductal cells or persisted in these cells, which resulted in the impairment of differentiation into insulin-producing cells.
Structural and Functional Aspects of Foamy Virus Protease-Reverse Transcriptase
Authors: Wöhrl Birgitta M.
Published: July 2019

Reverse transcription describes the process of the transformation of single-stranded RNA into double-stranded DNA via an RNA/DNA duplex intermediate, and is catalyzed by the viral enzyme reverse transcriptase (RT). This event is a pivotal step in the life cycle of all retroviruses. In contrast to orthoretroviruses, the domain structure of the mature RT of foamy viruses is different, i.e., it harbors the protease (PR) domain at its N-terminus, thus being a PR-RT. This structural feature has consequences on PR activation, since the enzyme is monomeric in solution and retroviral PRs are only active as dimers. This review focuses on the structural and functional aspects of simian and prototype foamy virus reverse transcription and reverse transcriptase, as well as special features of reverse transcription that deviate from orthoretroviral processes, e.g., PR activation.
Design of a Remote-Controlled Platform for Green Roof Plants Monitoring via Hyperspectral Sensors
Authors: Moroni Monica , Porti Michele , Piro Patrizia
Published: July 2019

The combination of an appropriate design and careful management of green infrastructures may contribute to mitigate flooding (stormwater quantity) and pollutant discharges (stormwater quality) into receiving water bodies and to coping with other extreme climate impacts (such as temperature regime) on a long-term basis and water cycle variability. The vegetation health state ensures the green infrastructure’s effectiveness. Due to their remarkable spatial and spectral resolution, hyperspectral sensing devices appear to be the most suited for green infrastructure vegetation monitoring according to the peculiar spectral features that vegetation exhibits. In particular, vegetation health-state detection is feasible due to the modifications the typical vegetation spectral signature undergoes when abnormalities are present. This paper presents a ground spectroscopy monitoring survey of the green roof installed at the University of Calabria fulfilled via the acquisition and analysis of hyperspectral data. The spectroradiometer, placed on a fixed stand, was used to identify stress conditions of vegetation located in areas where drought could affect the plant health state. Broadband vegetation indices were employed for this purpose. For the test case presented, data acquired agreed well with direct observations on the ground. The analyses carried out showed the remarkable performances of the broadband indices Red Difference Vegetation Index (Red DVI), Simple Ratio (SR) and Triangular Vegetation Index (TVI) in highlighting the vegetation health state and encouraged the design of a remote-controlled platform for monitoring purposes.
Reducing the Phytoplankton Biomass to Promote the Growth of Submerged Macrophytes by Introducing Artificial Aquatic Plants in Shallow Eutrophic Waters
Authors: Wu Yue , Huang Licheng , Wang Yalin , Li Lin , Li Genbao , Xiao Bangding , Song Lirong
Published: July 2019

Harmful cyanobacterial blooms frequently occur in shallow eutrophic lakes and usually cause the decline of submerged vegetation. Therefore, artificial aquatic plants (AAPs) were introduced into enclosures in the eutrophic Dianchi Lake to investigate whether or not they could reduce cyanobacterial blooms and promote the growth of submerged macrophytes. On the 60th day after the AAPs were installed, the turbidity, total nitrogen (TN), total phosphorous (TP), and the cell density of phytoplankton (especially cyanobacteria) of the treated enclosures were significantly reduced as compared with the control enclosures. The adsorption and absorption of the subsequently formed periphyton biofilms attached to the AAPs effectively decreased nutrient levels in the water. Moreover, the microbial diversity and structure in the water changed with the development of periphyton biofilms, showing that the dominant planktonic algae shifted from Cyanophyta to Chlorophyta. The biodiversity of both planktonic and attached bacterial communities in the periphyton biofilm also gradually increased with time, and were higher than those of the control enclosures. The transplanted submerged macrophyte (Elodea nuttallii) in treated enclosures recovered effectively and reached 50% coverage in one month while those in the control enclosures failed to grow. The application of AAPs with incubated periphyton presents an environmentally-friendly and effective solution for reducing nutrients and controlling the biomass of phytoplankton, thereby promoting the restoration of submerged macrophytes in shallow eutrophic waters.
DIPLOMASI PERTAHANAN INDONESIA DALAM KONFLIK LAUT CHINA SELATAN
Authors: Saragih Hendra Maujana
Published: July 2019

Penelitian ini membahas upaya diplomatik Indonesia dari perspektif pertahanan dimana Indonesia telah banyak menggagas sejumlah inisiatif untuk mengelola sengketa di laut china selatan agar tidak terjadi konflik yang lebih meluas. Usaha-usaha diplomatik tersebut tentunya patut diacungi jempol dan dihargai. Meskipun Indonesia bukan bukan negara pengklaim di wilayah sengketa itu, akan tetapi Indonesia memiliki pula kepentingan di perairan tersebut. Selain kepentingan politik yang terkait dengan stabilitas kawasan, Indonesia mempunyai pula kepentingan ekonomi di Laut China Selatan, khususnya pada zona ekonomi eksklusif (ZEE). Untuk kepentingan pertama, stabilitas kawasan di Laut China Selatan akan berimplikasi langsung terhadap Indonesia utamanya terhadap wilayah kedaulatan Indonesia di Laut Natuna dan sekitarnya. Untuk menghadapi skenario seperti itu, Indonesia harus pula mempersiapkan kekuatan pertahanannya guna mengantisipasi konflik di Laut China Selatan utamanya di Natuna. Penerapan strategi pertahanan yang bersifat semesta tetap mengacu pada pembangunan. Sistem pertahanan negara yang dibangun dalam skala prioritas melalui: peningkatan profesionalisme TNI, penyiapan dan pengembangan kekuatan rakyat, serta pengembangan teknologi pertahanan dalam mendukung ketersediaan Alutsista. Beberapa cara pertahanan yang dilakukan oleh Indonesia guna melindungi negaranya
PENGALAMAN KOMUNIKASI DAN KONSTRUKSI MAKNA “OTAKU” BAGI PENGGEMAR BUDAYA JEPANG (OTAKU)
Authors: Permana Rangga Saptya Mohamad , Suzan Nessa
Published: July 2019

Seperti halnya subkultur, Otaku merupakan kelompok penggemar yang khas yang mendedikasikan diri mereka terhadap hobi akan sesuatu, yang biasanya kepada budaya populer dari Jepang. Riset ini bertujuan untuk mengungkap makna pengalaman komunikasi penggemar budaya Jepang (Otaku) dengan lingkungan sosialnya. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode analisis fenomenologi Alfred Schutz. Berdasarkan hasil riset yang telah dilakuakn terhadap para penggemar budaya Jepang (Otaku) adalah penggemar budaya Jepang (Otaku) tentu melakukan interaksi. Pengalaman komunikasi yang digunakan meliputi pesan yang membahas seputar Jepang atau Global (tidak hanya Jepang), Media yang digunakan meliputi tatap muka langsung dan media sosial, serta Bahasa yang digunakan bisa bahasa Jepang dan bahasa campuran Indonesia-Jepang.
PENGARUH BIAYA KUALITAS TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN PENJUALAN DAN PROFITABILITAS
Authors: Kusmana Muhammad Iqbal , Dahlan Muhammad , Hasyir Dede Abdul
Published: July 2019

The study aims to analyze the effect of quality costs on sales growth and profitability in regionaldrinking water companies (PDAMs). This study uses a quantitative approach. The population inthis study is quality costs in 391 PDAMs throughout Indonesia with a sample of 325 PDAMs. Thedata used is annual data from the realization of quality costs, sales growth rates, and profitmargins for three years, namely from 2015 to 2017. The results of this study indicate that qualitycosts have a significant positive effect on PDAM sales growth, with the percentage of influenceequal to 66.7%, while the remaining 33.3% is influenced by other factors not observed in this studyand quality costs have a significant positive effect on PDAM profitability, with a percentage effectof 59.5%, while the remaining 40.5% is influenced by other factors not observed in this study.
Lampu PJU Otomatis
Authors: Sutono Sutono , Wicaksono Mochamad Fajar
Published: July 2019

Tujuan dari penelitian ini untuk membantu Pemerintah dalam mengatasi krisis energi, terutama masalah Penerangan Jalan Umum. Di kota besar sangat dominan di temui lampu PJU yang memang merupakan sarana umum yang sangat vital terutama pada malam hari. Semakin banyak titik penempatan lampu PJU tentunya akan berdampak krisis energi walaupun ada suatu cara dengan mengganti lampu LED sebagai solusi dalam mengatasi krisis energi. atas dasar inilah Peneliti membuat rancangan lampu PJU dengan sumber listrik solar sel untuk mengurangi beban PLN yang sudah cukup besar dalam memenuhi kebutuhan listrik di kota besar seperti Jakarta, Bandung, Surabaya dan kota lainnya di Indonesia. Agar tujuan tersebut dapat terpenuhi, maka pada rancangan alat ini menggunakan multi sensor sehingga lampu PJU   menyala pada malam hari dan terdapat objek di sekitar lampu PJU tersebut.
Aplikasi Pembelajaran Menggunakan Web Server Raspberry Pi
Authors: Syahrul Syahrul , Haq Muhammad Syaiul
Published: July 2019

Salah satu aplikasi pada website yang dibuat dalam penelitian ini adalah aplikasi pembelajaran. Aplikasi pembelajaran ini sebagai wadah penampung soal-soal pelajaran atau wadah dokumentasi soal-soal yang pernah diberikan kepada para siswa. Setiap siswa dapat mengerjakan soal-soal yang diberikan oleh guru atau pengajar. Guru atau pengajar dapat membuat, melihat, menyunting, dan menghapus soal-soal. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah merancang aplikasi pembelajaran menggunakan web server berbasis Raspberry Pi dalam memudahkan pengajar memberikan soal latihan maupun soal ujian kepada para siswa. Guru atau pengajar dapat mempercepat proses pembagian soal-soal tanpa perlu membagikan lembar soal, karena tidak lagi menggunakan kertas untuk lembar jawaban soal. Selain itu juga dapat menyimpan dan mencetak nilai. Rincian nilai yang ada dalam sistem juga dapat diakses/dilihat oleh orang tua siswa. Pengguna website yang mempunyai hak akses dapat melakukan chatting komentar sederhana. Selain itu, pengguna juga dapat mengakses web server menggunakan jaringan internet melalui modem maupun jaringan lokal melalui Wi-fi. Pengaksesan melalui jaringan internet menggunakan bantuan perangkat lunak OpenVPN, sedangkan pengaksesan melalui jaringan Wi-Fi menggunakan bantuan perangkat lunak Hostapd.
Espeleoturismo no Brasil: panorama geral e perpectivas de sustentabilidade
Authors: Lobo Heros Augusto Santos , Perinotto José Alexandre de Jesus , Boggiani Paulo César
Published: July 2019

O espeleoturismo ainda não é considerado um segmento independente das demais atividades de turismo realizadas na natureza. Face ao exposto, o presente trabalho sintetiza os resultados de uma série de pesquisas com o objetivo de apresentar um panorama geral do espeleoturismo no Brasil. Isto se justifica pela necessidade de visualizá-lo de forma autônoma dentro da atividade turística, face às suas especificidades de planejamento e de consumo. As pesquisas realizadas focaram em uma revisão teórico-conceitual e metodológica de diversos trabalhos já publicados no Brasil e no exterior. O resultado ora exposto corresponde a uma base inicial para discussões mais específicas sobre o espeleoturismo no Brasil, considerando as dimensões espeleológica, territorial, política, econômica e ecológica da atividade. Tais resultados validam a existência de um vasto campo de estudos, focado no seu planejamento e gestão. Entretanto, levanta-se o alerta final da necessidade de delimitação pela ótica do mercado, tendo por base também as preferências de consumo dos turistas. Assim, compreende-se que novos subsídios poderão ser encontrados para: a consolidação do espeleoturismo enquanto segmento emergente e à parte no arcabouço da segmentação do mercado turístico em um processo de subdivisão do Ecoturismo – enquanto motivação de viagem e especificidade de planejamento e gestão, mas não na forma de execução –; bem como para a formação de políticas públicas para o seu fomento e expansão sustentáveis.
Turismo Rural e Geração de Resíduos Sólidos em Lomba Grande - Novo Hamburgo - RS
Authors: Naime Roberto , Carvalho Sérgio
Published: July 2019

Este trabalho realiza um levantamento sobre a geração de resíduos sólidos em propriedades rurais utilizadas por turismo rural, particularmente em finais de semana, no regime de “day use”. Os resíduos sólidos encontrados tem composição muito variada, mas predomina a matéria orgânica gerada por restos de alimentos, metais, papéis, plásticos e vidros. As coletas foram realizadas no final de 2007 e início de 2008. A análise permite afirmar que a matéria orgânica guarda correlação direta com o número de pessoas presentes na data da análise e esta diretamente relacionada com restos de alimentos. Os metais representam em geral a quantidade de latas de alumínio para envase de refrigerantes ou cervejas que foi consumida. Os plásticos podem representar restos de sacolas, copos, pratos, garrafas de refrigerantes de Polietileno Tereftalato (PET) e assemelhados. O vidro não está presente porque o sítio São Luiz não permite a entrada deste tipo de vasilhame. Todos os turistas das datas onde foram realizados os levantamentos pertenciam a grupos religiosos. A geração de matéria orgânica é relacionada diretamente ao número de turistas, idade dos turistas e ao cardápio servido aos turistas na propriedade. A propriedade rural estudada aplica um programa de gerenciamento dos resíduos sólidos.
Conservação de recursos naturais e práticas turísticas sustentáveis em Vargem (SP)
Authors: Seixas Sônia Regina Da Cal , Suarez Cristiane Ferraz e Silva , Silva Giovana Dominicci , Fadini Almerinda Antonia Barbosa
Published: July 2019

O crescimento acelerado do turismo em áreas protegidas tem gerado debates quanto às dificuldades de integrar ações sustentáveis no planejamento turistico-ambiental dos municípios. Neste contexto, este artigo busca discutir a conservação dos recursos naturais através de práticas turísticas - ambientais sustentáveis no município de Vargem/SP – pertencente à Área de Proteção Ambiental do Sistema Cantareira, Região Bragantina, utilizando o diagnóstico ambiental e a identificação dos atrativos naturais reais e potenciais como instrumento de planejamento local. Além de fortalecer a educação ambiental aliada a práticas sustentáveis, sempre envolvendo os turistas nesses processos, visando proporcionar a sustentabilidade dos recursos naturais e a melhoria da qualidade de vida dos envolvidos. Esta APA possui várias nascentes e pontos de captação de importância regional e remanescentes significativos de Mata Atlântica, apresentando uma problemática ambiental centrada

na conservação de recursos hídricos gerados, principalmente, a partir das alterações decorrentes da construção do Sistema Cantareira e da duplicação da Rodovia Fernão Dias. Ambos foram determinantes nos processos de expansão industrial e urbana e de incremento turístico na região. Assim, o município de Vargem vem passando por transformações socioambientais e de urbanização, prejudicando a qualidade dos recursos naturais locais. Mesmo possuindo alguns remanescentes vegetais e uma variada fauna, as consequências dos usos e ocupação do solo, ações predatórias e antrópicas vêm dificultando a conservação da biodiversidade e dos recursos hídricos. Esta realidade tem exigido a elaboração e implantação de estudos, projetos e planos de ação, que visem minimizar os impactos negativos gerados a partir da atividade turística e maximizar os positivos, contribuindo para a melhoria da qualidade de vida dos moradores e na conservação dos recursos naturais da região. Este artigo é fruto da pesquisa Qualidade de vida, turismo e sustentabilidade na APA do Sistema Cantareira: um estudo de caso em Vargem / SP (conta com apoio financeiro da FAPESP - Processo 2007/59833-0), que e é parte integrante da tese de doutorado da pesquisadora Cristiane Ferraz e Silva Suarez no Programa de Doutorado em Ambiente e Sociedade do Núcleo de Pesquisas Ambientais – NEPAM da Universidade Estadual de Campinas - SP/ Brasil.
Sinalização interpretativa como ferramenta de educação patrimonial em parques urbanos: o caso do Parque da Serra do Curral de Belo Horizonte
Authors: Mafra Gisele Assis
Published: July 2019

Em 2008, a Prefeitura de Belo Horizonte, através da Fundação de Parques Municipais – FPM - iniciou a implantação do Parque da Serra do Curral . Ocupando uma área de 40 hectares ao longo da Serra do Curral o parque conta com mirantes para observação da fauna e flora e contemplação da serra e seu entorno. O projeto de sinalização interpretativa já está finalizado e em fase de implantação e pretende despertar o interesse do visitante sobre recursos ambientais e culturais preservados pelo parque. A sinalização enfocará a importância histórica e cultural, para a cidade e o Estado de Minas, da Serra do Curral e de alguns pontos na paisagem observados do topo da serra. Abordará também a biodiversidade protegida pelo parque. O objetivo do projeto é que os visitantes, além de entenderem a importância de se preservar a Serra do Curral através de um parque, possam admirar a paisagem, identificar locais familiares na massa urbana da Região Metropolitana de Belo Horizonte – RMBH - e, dessa forma, se entender como parte dessa realidade. A sinalização promoverá um contato dos visitantes com a história, cultura e recursos naturais não só do parque, mas da RMBH, podendo, dessa forma, ser um instrumento de educação patrimonial que desperte nas pessoas o interesse e a preocupação pelo patrimônio local. O presente artigo pretende apresentar o projeto de sinalização criado para o Parque da Serra do Curral e discutir como seu conteúdo poderá ser uma ferramenta de educação patrimonial com seus visitantes.
Vivências com a natureza: uma proposta de Educação Ambiental para o uso público em Unidades de Conservação
Authors: Bueno Fernando Protti
Published: July 2019

As Unidades de Conservação são consideradas espaços territoriais que instituídos pelo poder público tem por principal objetivo a proteção dos recursos naturais. Em função da manutenção de suas áreas conservadas, as Unidades de Conservação representam espaços propícios para a pesquisa científica, o uso sustentável e para as diferentes formas de lazer e turismo em contato com a natureza. A partir desse contexto, vislumbra-se a visitação em Unidades de Conservação como um importante instrumento para a conservação da natureza desses espaços, em função do incremento econômico, do investimento em pesquisas, do desenvolvimento de compreensões sobre as formas de vida e seus ciclos vitais, e dos hábitos e costumes das populações tradicionais, além do fomento de atividades turístico-recreativas. Pressupondo que o contato com a natureza possibilita a ampliação da consciência ambiental dos indivíduos sobre a atual situação de degradação dos recursos naturais e de suas potenciais formas de utilização pela sociedade, evidencia-se a importância da realização de atividades de Educação Ambiental atreladas à visitação / uso público de Unidades de Conservação. Assim, essa pesquisa teve por objetivos caracterizar e analisar a técnica do ‘Aprendizado Sequencial’ enquanto uma possível proposta metodológica de Educação Ambiental, a ser implantada e desenvolvida para o uso público em Unidades de Conservação. Para tanto, adotaram-se como procedimentos metodológicos o método indutivo com abordagem qualitativa, as técnicas de pesquisa bibliográfica, documental e de observação assistemática para coleta e análise dos dados. Por fim, a proposta metodológica desenvolvida pela técnica do aprendizado sequencial possibilita ao indivíduo aprender e desenvolver características de transformação interior, baseadas na afetividade e na experiência direta com a natureza, que elucidam os valores necessários para uma efetiva conservação da natureza, auxiliando assim, o planejamento e o manejo do uso público nas Unidades de Conservação.
Levantamento quali-quantitativo da produção científica sobre Ecoturismo no Brasil
Authors: Neiman Zysman , Saraceni Renata Fronza , Geerdink Stefanie
Published: July 2019

Num levantamento preliminar de caráter quanti-qualitativo realizado em 2008 verificou-se que doze dos dezesseis grupos de pesquisa em Ecoturismo consolidados encontrados foram formados a partir do ano 2000. Alguns projetos não eram especificamente sobre Ecoturismo, mas tangenciavam o tema, outros foram desativados, e muitos não possuem órgãos fomentadores. Para ampliar este levantamento, entre setembro e novembro de 2009 foi enviado por e-mail um questionário fechado aos participantes com trabalhos inscritos no Congresso Nacional de Ecoturismo (CONECOTUR), realizado no Estado o Espírito Santo, Brasil. Dos 192 trabalhos inscritos, houve o retorno de 135 (70,3%). Os resultados demonstram que há ainda no país uma pequena quantidade de Grupos de Pesquisa especializados na temática do Ecoturismo, uma vez que a grande maioria dos trabalhos realizados corresponde àqueles realizados por estudantes de graduação e pós-graduação de diversas regiões. A publicação dessa produção ainda se dá através de congressos, uma vez que ainda há poucos periódicos especializados como, por exemplo, a Revista Brasileira de Ecoturismo, que publicou os resumos de todas as pesquisas apresentadas no Congresso Nacional de Ecoturismo. Este trabalho apresenta os resultados quantitativos e qualitativos dessas pesquisas, revelando o substancial crescimento da temática nos cursos universitários de turismo, geografia, biologia e meio ambiente. Uma análise regionalizada também é apresentada, apontando as desigualdades de produção pelas diversas Instituições do país, com destaque para a região sudeste.
Subsídios para planejamento socioambiental de trilha no Parque Estadual da Serra Furada (SC)
Authors: Aguiar Paula Wronski , Padua Suzana Machado , Gomes Marcos Affonso Ortiz , Uezu Alexandre
Published: July 2019

As trilhas interpretativas nas Unidades de Conservação (UCs) surgem como instrumentos educativos bastante utilizados em programas de ecoturismo, uma vez que põem as pessoas em contato com os ambientes naturais, propiciando experiências para a reformulação de valores e atitudes, também desafiando o corpo e permitindo a prática de habilidades físicas pouco exigidas no dia-a-dia. O objetivo deste trabalho é sugerir o planejamento ambiental da trilha que dá acesso à Pedra Furada no Parque Estadual da Serra Furada, município de Grão-Pará, estado de Santa Catarina. Estudos realizados na região do Parque possibilitaram caracterizar a área e propor uma trilha de visitação aos usuários. A região do entorno do Parque e, em específico, a Comunidade Serra Furada foi estudada por meio de pesquisas de dados secundários e de algumas ferramentas do método de Diagnóstico Rápido Rural (DRR). O planejamento das intervenções propostas neste produto considera os diversos elementos que devem ser integrados para a garantia da segurança, da interação com o meio e do conforto dos visitantes. Sugere-se um programa de capacitação para a Comunidade Serra Furada, capaz de oferecer meios de enriquecer conhecimentos, despertar a consciência de protagonismo, profissionalizando seus integrantes para alcançar eficiência, qualidade e diversidade nos produtos e serviços oferecidos aos turistas. É proposto, também, um sistema de monitoramento e controle de impacto de visitação para a Trilha como alternativa de prevenção de impactos negativos, com o desígnio de manter a integridade e, consequentemente, a qualidade do ambiente natural e do programa oferecido. É esperado que este trabalho possa subsidiar futuras pesquisas e projetos neste Parque Estadual, contribuindo para a conservação e para a sustentabilidade da biodiversidade local, além de oferecer meios de melhorar a qualidade de vida das pessoas locais, a partir da implantação da Trilha Serra Furada.
A biodiversidade como atrativo turístico: o caso do Turismo de Observação de Aves no município de Ubatuba (SP)
Authors: Dias Reinaldo
Published: July 2019

Este artigo analisa a importância do segmento turístico de observação de aves. Descreve a importância que vem assumindo a observação da fauna em várias partes do mundo. Identifica as possibilidades econômicas de exploração desse segmento como alternativa de renda para as comunidades locais. Descreve o desenvolvimento do Turismo de Observação de Aves em Ubatuba/SP, a parceria com o setor privado local, seu significado para o município e os desdobramentos para outras localidades. Finalmente identifica e destaca os aspectos positivos da observação de aves para a sustentabilidade do ecossistema local.
PLANEJAMENTO E PROJETO DE INSTALAÇÕES ECOTURÍSTICAS EM ÁREAS DE PROTEÇÃO AMBIENTAL: O CASO DE GUARAQUEÇA (PR)
Authors: Garcia Paula Helena
Published: July 2019

A proposição de intervenções arquitetônicas ecoturísticas em uma área de preservação ambiental para o município de Guaraqueçaba com aproximadamente 8.000 habitantes, situado no litoral do Paraná, a 174km da capital Curitiba é o tema do trabalho. O município está localizado em uma Área de Preservação Ambiental, a APA Guaraqueçaba, próxima ao importante eixo econômico Curitiba-São Paulo e reconhecida pela UNESCO como Patrimônio Natural da Humanidade e Reserva da Biosfera, sendo também um dos ecossistemas mais conservados do mundo. Inserida em uma região com excelentes atrativos naturais, culturais e históricos, Guaraqueçaba carece de instalações adequadas que viabilizem a melhor estruturação do ecoturismo, importante alternativa econômica para as comunidades locais e instrumento de preservação ambiental nesta área sob a atuação de legislações restritivas. O objetivo do trabalho é contribuir para o correto delineamento das propostas para instalações ecoturísticas, oferecendo alternativas embasadas em critérios diversos: legislativos, ambientais e culturais. A metodologia seguida pela pesquisa seguiu técnicas que pudessem propiciar a melhor observação, descrição, comparação e classificação dos fundamentos observados para chegar, por indução, ao conhecimento das condições determinantes para elaboração de uma proposta: o projeto. Visando proporcionar maior familiaridade com o problema, a pesquisa de ordem exploratória foi de fundamental importância e consistiu na coleta de dados de fontes primárias resultantes do contato direto com o campo de desenvolvimento da pesquisa e secundárias na consulta aos documentos diversos a respeito da região de Guaraqueçaba, da conceituação do termo ecoturismo e da arquitetura à ele relacionada. Todo o processo da pesquisa resultou na indicação de diretrizes e na proposição de atuações arquitetônicas pontuais e criteriosas em concordância com os princípios do tema em estudo, configurando-se como instrumento auxiliar para o planejamento e projeto de estruturas ecoturísticas em Áreas de Proteção Ambiental.

Palavras-chave: Arquitetura ecologia-Guaraqueçaba (PR); Arquitetura sustentável; Ecoturismo.