bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Sinclair Lewis and His Critics
Authors:   , Blakely Mary
Published: February 2023

Sinclair Lewis , a novelist of not e, especially in the 11 Roaring Twenties, 11 was a controversial writer in a period of American history -when the nation was to pass through such crises as the depression of the thirties and World War II . Lewis considered the typical American a smug individual who was indifferent to the problems -which surrounded him. As far as Lewis was concerned, these indifferent Americans were characterized by an interest in bootleg whiskey, speakeasies, and stock market speculation. The reading of Babbitt was the first step to a desire for further knowledge of his creator. Main Street compelled the writer to study that person -who could so skillfully tongue-lash staid American institutions . Since Lewis I s subjects touched so many American sore spots, critics found fertile soil for criticism. That criticism put forth by leading critics is of prime interest in this study. The writer sought answers to many questions. Why did Lewis write five great novels in the twenties and then fail to get a favorable reaction from the readers of the thirties and forties? Did he merely “run out,” or did social conditions in the United States change so t hat his work was no longer timely? Was he a realist or a romanticist? Were his characters true to life or merely caricatures? What was the quality of Lewis's satire? The writer also desired to determine Sinclair Lewis ' s status in the minds of his contemporaries and his place in the literary world.
Mass Emigration of Small Mammals as Shown by Continuous Removal Trapping in Northwest Kansas
Authors:   , Keyse Thomas
Published: February 2023

Continuous removal trapping in three areas of study yielded information regarding the emigration of small mammals from peripheral areas. Two of the trap lines were operated for 80 consecutive days during the summer months of 1966 and one trap line was operated for 30 days during the winter of 1967. In 22,746 trap nights 1126 small mammals representing 14 species were captured. During the period of continuous removal trapping a continuous decline in catch did not occur. A secondary increase attributed to an emigration of animals from peripheral home ranges centered around the fourth to sixth days. A dominant-subordinate relationship was not disclosed in the sampled populations.
Dear mama, these cops don’t understand me: The influence of mental health stigma on youth incarceration
Authors:   , Lockwood Ashley
Published: February 2023

Youth within the juvenile justice system have a higher prevalence of mental illness when compared to the general population, with some literature revealing up to 80% of incarcerated youth possess a diagnosable disorder (Shufelt & Cocozza, 2006; Underwood & Washington, 2016). Today, mental health stigma is widely prevalent and results in prejudice, discrimination, lowered self-esteem, and other negative outcomes for individuals struggling with mental health related issues (Corrigan & Watson, 2002; Dalgin & Gilbride 2003). With this in mind, the role mental health stigma plays in the lives of youth in the juvenile justice system should not be overlooked. Although stigma towards adult mental health is a well-studied area, stigma of child and adolescent mental health is an area that remains largely under-conceptualized and underresearched (Heflinger & Hinshaw, 2010). Thus, the current study seeks to examine the perceptions of youth within the juvenile justice system regarding their own experience with mental illness stigma. Participants were sampled from the Kansas Juvenile Correctional Facility (KJCC). Youth were asked to complete several questionnaires to assess their views toward mental illness as a whole, personal experiences with stigma, adverse childhood experiences (ACE), feelings toward available mental health resources at the facility, and the role of mental illness stigma in their incarceration. First, researchers hypothesized youth with greater self-stigma would indicate stigma played a greater role in their incarceration than those youth who indicate less self-stigma. Next, researchers hypothesized youth with a high number of adverse childhood experiences would indicate stigma had a greater influence on their incarceration. Finally, researchers hypothesized perceived self-stigma would be positively correlated with perceived stigma of mental illness overall. i The hypotheses of the current study were found to be non-significant. Thus, exploratory analyses were conducted. When assessing only those youth indicating an experience with internalized stigma of a mental illness, ACEs were able to predict the influence mental health stigma had on incarceration. The more a youth indicated feeling the presence of internalized stigma, the more they felt treatment surrounding their mental illness influenced their incarceration. Despite lacking support for original hypotheses, the current study begins to shine light into mental health, trauma, and treatment experiences of juvenile justice-involved youth. While youth perceptions of mental illness were overall positive in the current study, stigma of mental illness continues to plague society as a whole (see Corrigan & Watson, 2002; Muralidharan et al., 2017). Future studies in this area should continue to examine how these experiences and others guide youth into the system.
Graphic Progression Towards Color
Authors:   , Netherton Robert
Published: February 2023

By using color contrast with great economy and simplicity I have found that I can attain a high degree of subtlety and complexity in color relationship. Two or three colors can give the impression of a wide range of tones and hues. The resulting range is greater than anything mixed pigment can offer. When working with the optical effects of color, it seems to be like using another medium. The colors are lifted from the canvas giving the impression that they hover above it. They have the luminosity and translucency of light itself. Thus, I have tried to explore the graphic progression of black and white as the only tonal combination and to carry it to the exploratory use of spectral color as a stimulating optical sensation.
Comparison of Parent and Student Attitudes Regarding Program Development for the Post High School Needs of Special Education Students
Authors:   , Becker-Staab Mary
Published: February 2023

This field study obtained information from parents of present and former students who have participated in special education, as well as students presently receiving services in mildly handicapped special education programs, in order to evaluate the emphasis of present programs. Information was sought to aid in determining parent and student expectations for post high school experiences to assess whether current programs were addressing these needs. Additional information was sought from parents of former special education students to evaluate what types of skills they have found necessary in their real life experiences. Results suggested the need to reevaluate the current high school curriculum and determine if it is meeting the needs of the students it serves in terms of occupational guidance and preparation, independent living and personal skills development. Students in special education appear to expect to be independent once they leave school. The crucial question is whether special education services, as they are currently provided, address the issues of skill development to help promote this independence, as much as is possible and is needed.
Stratigraphy, Sedimentation, and Paleoenvironment of the Cedar Mountain Formation and the Dakota Sandstone (Cretaceous) in West-Central Emery County, Utah
Authors:   , Hunter David
Published: February 2023

The Aptian to Albian Cedar Mountain Formation of the western San Rafael Swell in east-central Utah contains two members, the Buckhorn Conglomerate and an unnamed upper main member. The Buckhorn Conglomerate disconformably overlies the Late Jurassic Morrison Formation and is an indurated, discontinuous braided stream deposit composed mainly of coarse clast-supported conglomerate that often grades upward into a matrix-supported conglomerate and coarse sandstone. The Cedar Mountain main member rests conformably upon the Buckhorn Conglomerate and may be paraconformable with the upper Morrison Formation where the Buckhorn is absent. The main member is largely unconsolidated floodplain silts and clays that generally were pedogenically altered to semi-arid alfisols in the lower part of the member and were less altered, to inceptisols, in the upper part. Inceptisols and fossiliferous deposits suggest shorter hiatuses in the upper main member. Channel and overbank siltstones and sandstones in the main member indicate a sluggish high-sinuosity fluvial regime. The Cenomanian Dakota Sandstone disconformably overlies the main member of the Cedar Mountain Formation. The Dakota Sandstone varies by locality from thin shoreline-sandstone facies to thicker channel-dominated delta depocenters. The delta depocenters contain some interdistributary deposits. Recent studies indicate that widespread Lower Cretaceous gravels, including the Buckhorn, were generally distributed eastward from the Sevier Belt hinterland across the Western Interior. Sometime during deposition of the Buckhorn Conglomerate, initial thrusting in the Sevier Belt loaded the hinterland, which resulted in eventual isostatic lowering of the uplift, and deposition shifted closer to the thrust belt. This aggradational trend began with the appearance of matrix-supported conglomerate in the Buckhorn and continued throughout deposition of the Cedar Mountain main member. The Dakota Sandstone exhibits fluvial characteristics in the lower parts of the thicker deposits, but an increase in marine influence by encroachment of the Mancos Sea is demonstrated in the upper parts of the thicker sections and in the thinner deposits by the appearance of marine fossils and marine sedimentary features. The Dakota represents transgressively overprinted delta depocenters connected by shoreline deposits. Twenty - three measured sections of the Cedar Mountain-Dakota Sandstone sequence demonstrate its variable thickness in the western San Rafael Swell. The variation in thickness suggests secondary depositional control was exerted by paleotopography that formed during the hiatus between the Morrison and Cedar Mountain formations.
The Reduction of the Pre as a Function of Verbally Inducing an Analyzer
Authors:   , Beattie Richard
Published: February 2023

To test the validity of Sutherland’s (1964) model and accompanying rules that relate to discrimination learning and the partial reinforcement effect (PRE), the present study examined acquisition and extinction rates of humans of their performance on a discrimination task. The task for all Ss in the present study was to discriminate a (triangle) triangle in order to get a red (reinforcement) light to come on. A 2x2 factorial design was used on acquisition and extinction data, and correlations were made between the acquisition and extinction responses. The main factors in this study were: (A) telling half of the Ss that the geometrical shapes of the stimulus objects, rather than their color or size, must be attended to, in order to solve the problem. (B) Providing half of the “told” and half of the “not told” groups with continuous reinforcement, and providing half of the “told” and half of the “not told” groups with partial reinforcement. It was predicted that the “told” partial and continuous reinforcement groups would acquire and extinguish the discrimination response relatively faster than the “not told” partial and continuous reinforcement groups. More interestingly, it was predicted that there would be an interaction between the two main factors during extinction. Support for Sutherland’s (1964) theory was to be seen in the significantly reduced PRE for the “told” partial and continuous reinforcement groups. This was not the case, as the PRE was obtained in both of the “told” and “not told” groups. However, these results may be reconciled with Sutherland’s (1964) theory.
ESSENCE
Authors:   , Alhazmy Fatimah
Published: February 2023

Essence\r Essence is in the artist's soul, where visions of flowers are transformed into reality through ceramics. The natural beauty of the Arabian jasmine flowers and their distinctive fragrance were very impactful for me at an early age.These flowers fill the air in and around each house. This is what has inspired my current work.These specific flowers were chosen for their harmonious colors, soft curves, and symmetrical formsthat resemble the shape of a woman's body.I create thrown vessels and sculpt forms, then individually attach delicate, handmade flowers to each of the forms. Typically, I work with high-fire porcelain paper clay and use black and white crawl glazes. I use this glaze because, contrary to the common symbolism of black as a negative color, I would like to show that we can create beauty within darkness. My work ranges from the famous jasmine flowers and the pandanusplant in my country to the famous sunflowers in Kansas. I often integrate these flowers into one piece to show the variety and beauty of these unique flowers. Some of my work comes from experiences in my personal life such as motherhood, and some of them mimic the lives of other people I have met in my life. The love of flowers transcends time and space, making them the essence of beauty in my art work.
A Study to Determine the Effect of an Interdisciplinary Cognitive Fitness Program on the Fitness Knowledge of Fourth Grade Students
Authors:   , Mihalicz Brenda
Published: February 2023

The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of an interdisciplinary cognitive fitness program on the fitness knowledge of fourth grade students. The subjects that participated in this study were selected from a population of fourth grade students enrolled in Wilson Elementary School in Hays, Kansas. The fourth grade students were randomly assigned to each classroom by the principal of Wilson School. Both the experimental and control group consisted of 19 male and female students. The Fort Hays-Mihalicz Cognitive Fitness Test, developed by the researcher was used to measure the fitness knowledge of the fourth grade students. The test was evaluated for reliability using test/retest and Spearman Brown Split Half technique, and r values of .84 and .89 respectively were found. The test was also sent to a number of physical education specialists to examine for face validity. All subjects in the control and experimental group were pretested on the Fort Hays-Mihalicz Cognitive Fitness Test. Students in the experimental group each completed the Feeling Great With Fitness Work book which was integrated into the classroom. The fitness workbook was developed by the researcher and designed to teach cognitive fitness concepts while improving reading comprehension, vocabulary, and writing skills. It was tested for readability using the Fry Readability Test. It was also examined for face validity by a number of physical education specialists. The subjects in the experimental group completed the workbook in eight weeks. At the end of the eight weeks, the experimental group and the control group were post-tested on the Fort Hays-Mihalicz Cognitive Fitness Test. An analysis of covariance revealed a significant gain in fitness knowledge (p > .05) for fourth grade students participating in the experimental group. Based on the results and within the Limitations of the study, it was concluded that the interdisciplinary cognitive fitness program significantly affected the fitness knowledge of fourth grade students. The implication of this finding was that fourth grade students can learn physical fitness concepts through the use of student workbooks and that cognitive fitness concepts can be incorporated into the classroom.
Opinions Concerning Certification of Middle School Principals
Authors:   , Jones A.
Published: February 2023

The purpose of the researcher was to investigate the opinions of middle school teachers, middle school principals, and state department certification directors concerning the need for special certification of middle school principals. The independent variables investigated were years of experience, gender, amount of formal education, age, educational position, and status of states concerning special certification for middle school principals . The dependent variable was the scores from the middle school questionnaire. The sample consisted of 167 middle school teachers, 173 middle school principals, and 26 state department certification directors. Five composite null hypotheses and 1 null hypothesis were tested at the .05 level of significance. There were a total of 17 comparisons made plus 15 recurring comparisons. Of the 17 comparisons, 6 were main effects and 11 were interactions. Of the 6 main effects, 1 was statistically significant at the .05 level. The statistically significant main effect was for gender. The results of the main effect indicated female subjects reported a statistically higher mean score than males; thus, giving greater endorsement for special certification of middle school principals. Of the 11 interactions 2 were statistically significant at the .05 level. The statistically significant interactions were between years of experience and amount of formal education; and between gender and age. The results of the present study appeared to support the following generalizations: 1. females less than 47 years of age rated special certification for middle school principals higher than males of the same age; 2. males 47 years of age and greater rated special certification for middle school principals numerically higher than females of the same age; 3. subjects with 0-3 years of experience regardless of the amount of formal education rated special certification for middle school principals numerically higher than subjects with 16 plus years of experience regardless of the amount of formal education. 4. educational position and attitude toward middle school principal certification was not associated; 5. amount of formal education was not associated with attitude toward middle school principal special certification; and 6. status of special certification for middle school principals in the state was not associated with attitude toward middle school principal certification.
Rodent Populations and Activities On A Moderately Grazed Mixed Prairie Near Hays, Kansas
Authors:   , Paulk John
Published: February 2023

The purpose of this investigation was to study rodent populations on a moderately grazed mixed prairie. A working knowledge of the activities of these small mammals, has satisfied to a certain degree the curiosity of the writer. So little work has been done in this plains region that the author felt the need for such an investigation, and hoped to arouse the interest of others along similar lines.
Oxygen Consumption of Selected Small Mammals
Authors:   , Liesveld Douglas
Published: February 2023

The oxygen consumption of six species of small mammals was determined by manometric methods. The oxygen consumption was determined first over a 24-hour cycle. Four of the six species were nocturnal. Sigmodan hispidus was active throughout the 24-hour cycle and C. tridecemlineatus vas diurnal. Sigmodon hispidus was active throughout the 24-hour period possibly because they were in a transitionary stage between nocturnality in cold months and diurnality in warm months. The oxygen consumption under basal conditions was determined for the six species at temperatures ranging from 5C to 30C. Regression lines were fitted to the results. Except for S. tredecemlineatus, the heavier animals can better conserve heat, and in general animals with longer and finer pelage conserve heat better than those with short, coarse hair.
The Need for Qualified Athletic Trainers in Kansas High Schools Participating in Interscholastic Athletics
Authors:   , Gillen James
Published: February 2023

The purpose of this study was to determine if the need does exist for the implementation of qualified athletic trainers by the Kansas high schools participating in interscholastic athletics.
Teacher Bias : Determinants of Observational Reliability
Authors:   , Bestgen James
Published: February 2023

A survey of some of the literature relevant to behavioral observation in the experimental analysis of behavior is presented. There is a general lack of agreement whether experimenter effects (observer bias, observer expectancies, etc.) generally affect the outcome of behavioral research. The plan of the present study was to demonstrate the degree of these effects as it operates in prospective and experienced teachers. The teachers observed the same film of one child’s behavior under different alleged background information after half of the subjects had previously demonstrated that they could objectively observe and record behavior. The two by three factorial randomized group design was employed in the analysis. The results showed no differentiating effects of false treatment instructions (background information). It was concluded that experimenter effects are not as general as some writers contend and do not seem to apply to teachers observing and recording studying behavior.
The Assessment of Learning Style Strategies in College Students
Authors:   , Loos Jacalyn
Published: February 2023

One purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship s between three measures of learning styles among 118 undergraduate college students. An additional purpose was to determine if students' major areas of study could be differentiated on the basis of their learning styles. The students consisted of 48 male and 62 female Composition I (n=37) and Composition II (n = 73) English students from 40 different Major areas. Data gathered from the Inventory of learning Processes Scale, the Learning Style Inventory, and the SOLO Taxonomy were analyzed using ANOVA. In addition, students were assessed concerning their motivation for learning in the college environment. Significant differences in learning styles were revealed between males and females, between college Major areas and between students' motivation for learning. Significant correlations were displayed among various subscales of the ILP and LSI, and among the ILP and the SOLO Taxonomy levels. No significant relationships were found among the LSI subscales and the SOLO Taxonomy levels. Suggestions were made for introducing students to the concept of learning style in order to increase their potential for academic success in the college environment.
Religious Attitudes of E. W. Howe
Authors:   , Tallman Gilmary
Published: February 2023

Atchison stands in a corner of Kansas, where the Missouri River slices off the northeast edge of the state. Situated there, away from the main highways, and settled with a population under 15,000, Atchison today belies its importance in Kansas history. It once competed with Kansas City for industry and transportation; it provided some of the most important early governors and legislators, including both Kansans honored at Statuary Hall in Washington; it boasted a college before any state college or university began. And for thirty years it gave Kansas one of the most interesting and most famous of all small-town newspapers in the country, the Atchison Globe, written and published by E. W. Howe.
Environmental Antecedents of Ellis' Irrational Beliefs
Authors:   , Bowman David
Published: February 2023

This study attempted to find environmental antecedents of Ellis’ irrational beliefs. Seventy-eight undergraduate psychology students were each administered four questionnaires measuring: irrational beliefs as described by Ellis (1962); recalled parent-child relations along the dimensions of aggressiveness, strictness, affection, indulgence, competence, and identification; various biographical information recalled from childhood; and social desirability responding. Correlations among the various scores were not significant; suggesting that currently held irrational beliefs are generally not dependent upon childhood environmental factors.
Nursing Outcomes for Temporal Data Management in a Nursing Home
Authors:   , Mattison Joyce
Published: February 2023

One of the most important roles of the nurse in the delivery of patient care is the management of clinical information. The use of computerized patient records can improve nursing's ability to document care given to patients, evaluate nursing quality care, and contribute to the development of nursing knowledge, which requires the use of patient outcome measures. The temporal database model can provide access to past states of the database such as points in time and duration (Etzion, Jajodia & Sripada. 1998). By utilizing a temporal database information system with standardized patient outcomes, patient progress or regression can be captured and available for more effective decision making for the caregivers. This investigation was the fourth stage of the Hassett and Hassett ongoing research project on a temporal database model to represent the progression of states of nursing home residents' care plans over intervals of time. An exploratory descriptive design was used, to extend the studies initiated by Hassett, Hassett and Rupp (1993), and continued with Lin (1993) and Lee (1996). Nolan's Stage Model (1993) served as the theoretical framework to study the possible success of using the nursing home as a site for future computerization. The purpose of this investigation was to examine the available nursing sensitive patient outcomes in response to nursing interventions for residents with impaired physical mobility documented in the resident record and to compare the different information values between a snapshot database approach and a temporal database approach. Ten sample resident's records were chosen from a mid-western nursing home, and studied for documentation of nursing sensitive patient outcomes. This investigation was retrospective and therefore contact with individual residents did not occur. The investigator found the nursing diagnosis and nursing documentation of the care plan were computerized but the nursing outcomes were documented in a narrative format. The narrative charting made it difficult for the investigator to find the documentation of nursing outcomes consistently in the records. The use of a standardized language would assist the nursing staff to classify outcomes to be used in determining the effectiveness or ineffectiveness of nursing interventions. If a temporal database model were used it would facilitate the retrieval of past responses to nursing interventions and data needed to meet the future needs of the residents. The recommendation for future research includes replicating this study in more nursing homes, with a larger sample and more nursing diagnoses, interventions and outcomes, studying the use of nursing intervention classification (NIC) and nursing outcome classification (NOC) as standard taxonomy for nursing interventions and nursing outcomes and the inclusion of nursing outcomes in the computer software for clinical information systems.
Empowered Teaching Through Optimum Strategies : Reversing Learned Helplessness in Children
Authors:   , Anton Mark
Published: February 2023

The purpose of this qualitative study was to investigate whether empowering teachers and students with adaptive strategies and learned optimism reversed a learned helpless condition. In this researcher’s development of the Learned Empowerment Practices (LEP), three concepts were utilized: cognitive therapy, learning theories, and metacognition. The LEP utilized Seligman’s cognitive approach, Adversity, Belief, Consequences, Disputation, and Energization (ABCDE model), which was implemented in the Penn Prevention Program (PPP). The ABCDE model in the PPP reduced the effects of pessimism, depression, and learned helplessness. Learning theorists and their theories adopted in this LEP study were Vygotsky’s zone of proximal development and Piaget’s Schema theory - assimilation and accommodation. Metacognitive scaffolding tools were taught so that students could become independent scholastic decision makers. The combination of these concepts and socio-psycholinguistic reading inquiry were implemented in a learned helpless intervention study of third-grade Title 1 reading students. The researcher concluded that the LEP intervention strategies reduced the disabling nature of learned helplessness, helped students reach the point of recoverable awareness, and built a resistance to a learned helpless state.
The Electrochemistry of Tin Amalgam
Authors:   , Ho Vincent
Published: February 2023

The electrochemistry of dilute tin amalgam in perchlorate solution was investigated intensively using the methods of cyclic voltammetry, cyclic chronopotentiometry and chronoamperometry. It was found that the anodic wave in cyclic voltammetry which corresponds to the dissolution of tin from the amalgam to form divalent tin was an uncomplicated reversible wave only at low pH and slow rate of scan. The number of electrons transferred for this wave appeared to be considerably lower than 2 for pH 1.1, 2.1 and 3.1 solutions at fast scan rates and to have a value of 1.0 for pH 4.1, 5.1 and 6.1 solutions at scan rates faster than 20 v/min. The data are interpreted in terms of the mechanistic sequence for the first anodic wave. [Formulae written here] Cyclic chronopotiometric data are consistent with this postulated sequence.
Rapprochement in Clay: An Establishment or Renewal of Harmonious Relations
Authors:   , Nimchanya Thaveeslip
Published: February 2023

Making pinched art forms has been important to me in the past year. I chose to do round and abstract art forms. I started my process by sketching several round forms mostly in the shape of fruits. I then combined multiple forms to get the desired result. My work in the hand-forming technique had been largely marked by productivity, high spirits, rapid rhythms, and breathless excitement.
Reading Instruction in the Kindergarten
Authors:   , Miller Elouise
Published: February 2023

The purpose of this study was to investigate reading instructional practices in representative Kansas kindergarten classrooms. Questionnaires were sent to 125 randomly selected Kansas kindergarten teachers. Eighty-three, or 66.4 per cent, responded by answering questions pertaining to their reading curriculum. The major findings revealed that even though a majority of teachers (57 per cent) indicated that their reading was taught mainly through play and informal learning, actually much formal instruction was being conducted. Seventy-six per cent indicated a “stepped up” program so that concepts were being introduced which had previously been reserved for the first grade. A majority of teachers carried on such formal activities as teaching word recognition, teaching rhyming words, teaching the letters of the alphabet, teaching children to listen for words that begin alike, using a reading workbook, and using duplicated worksheets. These activities were usually presented to the class as a group even though teachers indicated that all children were not ready. In the review of literature it was concluded that some kindergarten children “can” be taught to read. The academic advantage of an early start lessened as the child progressed through school and often disappeared completely. Educators were divided between those who felt that kindergartners should be given formal reading instruction and those who felt that they should not. With the added influence of psychiatrists, child psychologists, and pediatricians, the evidence seemed to indicate that formal reading should not be taught in the kindergarten. The majority who are not ready--and there is no reliable instrument to designate this group -- can be greatly harmed because of such pressures. There is no evidence to show that the child who is ready to read will be harmed by waiting an extra year, since he can choose things from the environment which will be challenging to him. A more refined technique to determine if children are ready to read is needed; the child's intelligence quotient and his mental age do not seem to be good indicators. It is strongly recommended that a good kindergarten program be developed that will fit the needs of all children. This cannot be a rigid program since each child is a unique individual and each school situation is different. Therefore, individualized instruction is necessary. This program should present an environment in which books and reading are noticeably enjoyable to the teacher. If the child develops a good attitude toward reading and develops a good concept of himself and his abilities, he will have made an important step in beginning to read.
The Moderating Effects Of Stress On The Relationship Between Self-Control, and Desire For Control, On Impulsive Purchasing
Authors:   , Reed Katelynn
Published: February 2023

The current study examined the effect of self-control and desire for control on impulsive purchasing with stress as a moderator. Self-control has been found to be lower in individuals who engage in impulsive purchasing (Baumeister, 2002b), whereas little to no research on the effect of desire for control on impulsive purchasing has been completed. Stress has been found to relate with self-control and desire for control (Galla & Wood 2015; Leotti, Iyengar, & Ochsner, 2003). This study hopes to fill the research gap by exploring if stress moderates self-control and desire for control’s effect on impulsive purchasing. Participants were recruited from general psychology classes from a small Midwestern college. Price assignment, product switching and willingness to pay to get shipping the next day (expedited shipping) were used to assess impulsive purchasing. It was hypothesized that stress would have a moderating effect for both self-control and desire for control’s effect on impulsive purchasing. Though no moderation was found for stress on self-control and desire for control’s effect on impulsive purchasing items; it was found that those with lower self-control engaged more in impulsive purchasing, which fit with the literature. This research is important to show the relationship of stress and self-control on impulsive purchasing to help guide individuals into making smarter decisions when purchasing items.
College Students' Knowledge of and Attitudes Toward Human Immunodeficiency Virus and Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome
Authors:   , Greenleaf Stephanie
Published: February 2023

The purpose of the researcher was to investigate college student’s knowledge of and attitudes toward HIV/AIDS. The sample consisted of 195 undergraduate students. The following independent variables were investigated: age, gender, classification, grade point average, number of sex partners within the last year, ethnic background, and sources of HIV/AIDS information. The dependent variables were scores from the subscales of the Factor Analytically Based Survey for Measuring AIDS Knowledge and Attitudes and Knowledge of AIDS. Five composite null hypotheses were tested at the .0500 level of significance. A three-way analysis of variance (general liner model) was employed for all null hypotheses. A total of 122 comparisons were made plus 82 recurring. Of the 122 comparisons, 42 were for main effects and 80 were for interactions. The results of the present study supported the following generalizations: 1. Individuals with grade point averages below 2.00 have greater Perceived Disease Severity than those with grade point averages above 2.00. 2. Female students have more knowledge of AIDS than male students. 3. Sophomores and juniors have a greater Desire for AIDS Information than freshmen and seniors. 4. Individuals who reported using newspapers, television, and lectures have more knowledge of AIDS than individuals who used other sources. 5. Students age 22-23 have more Perceived Personal Vulnerability than any other age group. 6. Students who have had 2 or more sex partners within the last year have greater Perceived Personal Vulnerability than students with 0 to 1 sex partner within the last year. 7. Students who have had 4 or more sex partners within the last year have greater Perceived Disease Severity than students with less than 3 sex partners with in the last year. 8. Grade point average and classification should be examined concurrently for the dependent variable Perceived Personal Vulnerability. 9. Gender and grade point average should be examined concurrently for the dependent variable Prevention Effectiveness. 10. Gender, classification, and sources of HIV/AIDS information should be examined concurrently for the dependent variable Perceived Personal Vulnerability. 11. Gender and sources of HIV/AIDS information should be examined concurrently for the dependent variable Perceived Disease Severity. 12. Classification and sources of HIV/AIDS information should be examined concurrently for the dependent variable Perceived Disease Severity. 13. Gender, classification, and sources of HIV/AIDS information should be examined concurrently for the dependent variable Perceived Disease Severity. 14. Gender and grade point average should be examined concurrently for the dependent variable Perceived Personal Vulnerability, and 15. Grade point average and sources of HIV/AIDS Information should be examined concurrently for the dependent variable Desire for AIDS information.
The Human Figure Used as a Visual Expression of Fantasy
Authors:   , Karban Kaylene
Published: February 2023

The purpose of this thesis was to elaborate on the figure through the painting media. Using this theme as a basis, I devated away from the realistic form and possibly tried to show the flexibility of the subject.
Training a Self-Instructional Routine for Estimating Recall Readiness: Generalization from Prose Learning to List Recall
Authors:   , Pray Bruce
Published: February 2023

The memory performance of four educable mentally retarded individuals was investigated using a multiple baseline across subjects design. Rehearsal training, meta-mnemonic theory from cognitive psychology, and self-instructional procedures from behavior modification research were synthesized into a training package designed to improve recall readiness skills among retarded adults. Following training, subjects took more time studying, recalled more idea units from the passages, and recalled more pictures on a free recall task. Subjects maintained the trained strategy at posttest on prose learning and generalized the strategy at posttest on a list recall task. The sample was small, adult, and institutionalized which limits the generalizations of the study to other settings (e.g., typical EMR classrooms). Discussion centered around the educational applications of this research in applied settings.
Smells Like Betty Rubble
Authors:   , Manning Jennifer
Published: February 2023

A collection of mixed media, drilled panel, and acrylic and charocal works of art.
A Comparison of Two Methods of Determining the Average Daily Metabolic of the Deer Mouse, Peromyscus Maniculatus
Authors:   , Schroder Richard
Published: February 2023

The average daily metabolic rate (ADMR) was determined for Peromyscus maniculatus by an open circuit oxygen consumption method and a field method based on food consumption. The ADMR determined by the field method, 0.015 kcal/gm/hr, was not significantly different from that derived from the oxygen consumption method, 0.016 kcal/gm/hr. These results suggest that either method might reliably be used to estimate the ADHR. The actual method employed should be determined by the equipment and finances available and the environmental conditions under which animals must be tested. One important aspect in the ecology of any area is the passage of energy between and within trophic levels. Various methods, and their limitations, to estimate the amount of this energy have been discussed elsewhere (Davis and Golley, 1961; Golley, 1967: Falls, 1968). The most commonly used laboratory methods for determination of metabolic rates are the oxygen consumption and food consumption methods (Morrison, 1948; Chew and Chew, 1970; Huberman and Fleharty, 1971; Fleharty and Choate, 1971; Kenagy, 1973). However, these methods have, in the past necessitated extrapolation to convert laboratory metabolic rates to the actual rates under field conditions (Colley, 1967). How these extrapolations should be performed has been the subject of controversy (Odum et al., 1962; McNab, 1963; Grodzinski and Gorecki, 1967; Chew and Chew, 1970; Fleharty and Choate, 1973). To overcome the problem of extrapolation, various methods have been developed to measure metabolic rates directly in the field. Radioactive and nonradioactive isotopes generally are used in these methods (Galley, 1967; Chew, 1971); comparison of the results of these field methods and those of traditional laboratory methods have shown close agreement (Mullen and Chew, 1973). The problem with the use of isotopes is that they are expensive and the standard deviation of the energy flow estimate may be quite large (Collins and Smith, 1974). To overcome this disadvantage, Collins and Smith (1974) developed a field method based on a relationship between the dry weight of food consumed and the dry weight of the stomach contents after a given interval of time. The purpose of this study was to statistically compare the average daily metabolic rate (ADMH) as determined by the field method of Collins and Smith (1974) with that estimated by means of a laboratory respirometer developed by Baar and Fleharty (1973).
A Record of the Theater in Hays, Kansas, and the Surrounding Area, 1869-01/01/1969
Authors:   , Parker William
Published: February 2023

The theater of Hays, Kansas and the surrounding area has evolved and expanded since its introduction by early immigrants. This thesis will trace that evolution and expansion from 1869 to 1969.
Racial Discrimination in Employment and Housing in Urban Kansas
Authors:   , Kahle Larry
Published: February 2023

The author acquired an interest in the human problem of discrimination long before the tragedies of Little Rock, Oxford, or Birmingham. It was through association with individuals who, on one hand, would express sympathy for the Negro's struggle and condemn the position of the white racists and, on the other hand, would vacillate in welcoming any ethnic group into their community, that prompted the question : “Why this contradiction?” This interest by Kansans in the plight of the Negro was generally accompanied by the self-laudatory belief that their state afforded its colored citizens the opportunity for progress. Contending that the situation was not as favorable as it was pictured, the author investigated the conditions in the state hoping that his contentions would be proved false only to find that they were more substantial than previously imagined.
Bessel Functions
Authors:   , Funk Louis
Published: February 2023

The subject of Bessel functions is an old one. The earliest mention of these functions was dated October 3, 1703, when a series now described as a Bessel function of order 1/3 appeared in a letter from Jakob Bernoulli to Leibniz [(13) p. 356]. The Bessel coefficient of order zero occurred in 1732 in Daniel Bernoulli's memoir on the oscillations of heavy chains. However, the first systematic study of the functions was made in 1824 by Bessel. Many papers have been published on the subject but most of the literature seems to be of two general types. The first type is found in text books dealing with mathematics as applied to physics. The scope of this type of publication is very limited and one cannot get sufficient background on the development of Bessel functions. The properties needed are stated and used without proof. On the other hand, there are a few publications on Bessel functions which present them in great detail. These publications are generally at a level too high for the undergraduate to read with ease. The aim of this paper is to achieve a medium somewhere between these two types of publications. The procedure to be followed here is to accept the basic physical problem without going into the development. Some of the various applications are noted but not presented in detail. Chapters II, III, and IV are devoted to introducing the subject, stating the basic definitions, and developing various properties. These will be necessary in applying the functions to physical problems. The last chapter is concerned with one such problem in which several sets of initial and boundary conditions are used. This problem is studied in some detail. Reference material for this work was obtained from Forsyth Library and through inter-library loans. Publications by most of the recognized authorities on the subject are listed in the bibliography. This material is entirely secondary in nature. Original work of this nature are difficult, if not impossible, to obtain. Several limitations are placed on this paper. The most important is the scope, which was arbitrarily set by the writer. Securing material did not present a real problem but reference books obtained through inter-library loans had to be returned in approximately two weeks with no provision for renewal. It is hoped that the reader may obtain a thorough understanding of the basic properties and uses of Bessel functions through this paper.
A Refractory Earth Meteorite: Suggested Distant Impact Ejecta from Chicxulub Impact Crater
Authors:   , Ray Neil
Published: February 2023

In 1992, an unusual piece of vesicular material with a recoverable mass of 3 kg was unearthed from a field near the lawn of Granada. Colorado. The material was analyzed using petrological and geochemical methods, which included: bulk and trace clement geochemistry, electron microprobe analysis, 17 O / 18 isotope analysis, and 40 K /40 Ar radiometric dating. Geochemical analysis of the material revealed an ultra-refractory composition, composed of: 39.36% CaO, 26.15% SiO2, 3.71 % AI2O3, 18.32% Fe2O3, 5.38% MnO, 5.63% MgO, 0.16% Na2O, 0.35% K2O, 0.35% TiO2, and 1.34% P2O5. Analysis of 17 O and 18 O indicates rather high values of 7.20% and 14.10% respectively. Moreover, the results of the electron microprobe analysis yielded 14 mineral phases, the most prominent of which are larnite, merwinite, and sadanagaite amphibole. Other phases include minor amounts of iron metal, magnesiowustite, spinel, quartz, and plagioclase. Geochemical and petrological comparisons were made to several materials, including meteorites, asteroids, and two artificially produced blast furnace slags collected near the area. The material is similar to slag in chemical composition; however, its age is inconsistent with artificially derived anthropogenic materials and it lacks mineral assemblages, which typify slag, such as periclase (lime). The only known material to exactly match the Granada material, which include a larnite-rich ground mass, trace element geochemistry, and 17 O / 18 O isotope values, is the Getafe pseudo-meteorite, which was a documented fall on a highway in southern-Madrid. Spain. The 40 K / 40 Ar age (70.9 +/- 4.3 my) of the Granada material is close to the age of the Chicxulub impact event (65.5 +/- 0.6 my), which occurred at the end of the Cretaceous Period. Comparisons made to drill core samples from the Yax-1 borehole indicate similar bulk and trace element geochemistry. As such, the Chicxulub impact sequence provides the best petrological and geochemical model for the origin of the Granada material. However, this model is the subject of debate, for the stratigraphic displacement, which is inconsistent with Chicxulub, of the Granada material cannot be explained. Other differences, which can be accounted for, arise in elevated concentrations of FeO, MnO, and Cr. Following a Chicxulub model, the elevated amounts of FeO and Cr would suggest an unequilibrated addition of the original carbonaceous chondrite component. Petrogenetic modeling suggest a complex geologic history involving the unequilibrated mixing of at least three components, which include a calc-alkaline basaltic andesite, platform carbonates, and a substantial amount of the original chondritic component.