bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Laparoscopic Total Devascularization of the Upper Stomach and Splenectomy (Hassab’s Procedure) Under Indocyanine Green Fluorescence Imaging: Initial Experience
Authors: Nitta Toshikatsu , Kinoshita Takashi , Kataoka Jun , Ohta Masato , Takashima Yuko , Fujii Kensuke , Inoue Yoshihiro , Ishibashi Takashi
Published: February 2019

The use of surgical treatment for refractory isolated gastric varices has decreased owing to the development of endoscopic and radiologic procedures, although surgeries are sometimes required as the final method. A 75-year-old Japanese woman was diagnosed with solitary gastric varices. Initially, intraoperative splenic artery embolization was performed using the balloon transcatheter technique under general anesthesia. Laparoscopic splenectomy was performed safely owing to preoperative splenic artery embolization. Intraoperative indocyanine green (ICG) fluorescence angiography was performed following the injection of 5 mL of ICG; the remnant stomach was observed using laparoscopic equipment with an ICG imaging system, and blood flow from the remnant gastric artery was confirmed. The blood did not pool or wash out immediately, which confirmed successful devascularization of the stomach. The total operative time was 269 minutes, and the intraoperative blood loss was 500 mL. The patient’s postoperative course was good, and at 21 days after the last operation, she was discharged from our hospital in remission. Real-time fluorescence angiography with ICG is a reliable and objective technique of assessing blood flow of the stomach. Accurate, extensive devascularization in the lower esophagus and upper stomach was performed using Hassab’s procedure in combination with ICG imaging.
Transient ischemic attack: Incidence and early risk of stroke in northern Portugal from 1998–2000 to 2009–2011
Authors: Felgueiras Rui , Magalhães Rui , Silva Mário R , Silva Maria C , Correia Manuel
Published: February 2019

Objective

A decline in TIA incidence would be expected mirroring stroke trends, but patient's awareness of symptoms/signs, improved diagnostic procedures and changes in severity of vascular disease may raise TIA incidence. We aimed to estimate changes in TIA incidence and 30-day stroke risk in Portugal.

Methods

Data from two prospective community-based registers of first-ever TIA in 104,700 (1998–2000) and 118,232 (2009–2011) persons were collected using comprehensive case ascertainment methods. Incidence and stroke risk from TIA onset were compared using different inception cohorts. ABCD2 was used to stratified stroke risk.

Results

Overall, 141 patients were included in 1998–2000 and 174 in 2009–2011. Crude annual incidence rate increased from 67 to 74/100,000 (IRR=1.12; 95% CI, 0.90–1.40), particularly in men under 65 years (IRR=1.79; 95% CI, 1.06–3.04). Male/female IRR increased from 1.20 (0.86–1.68) in 1998–2000 to 1.77 (1.31–2.39) in 2009–2011, after adjustment for age. Better control of vascular risk factors (VRFs) accounted for lower ABCD2 scores in 2009–2011. The 30-day stroke risk was similar in study periods (18.4% vs. 16.7%, p > 0.7), decreasing from 16.1% to 8.2% ( p < 0.042) excluding patients reporting TIA after stroke occurrence and from 12.2% to 4.0% ( p < 0.011) further excluding patients who had stroke in ambulance/hospital. ABCD2 discriminated stroke risk only in 1998–2000; stroke severity decreased while posterior circulation stroke was more common in 2009–2011.

Conclusion

Despite a stable TIA incidence across periods, the risk increased in men compared to women. Better control of VRF accounted for lower ABCD2 scores and secondary prevention reduced stroke risk. Men under 65 years emerge as a preferential target for primary and secondary prevention.
A heuristic for the relationship between caring coaching and elite athlete performance
Authors: Fisher Leslee A , Larsen Leslie K , Bejar Matthew P , Shigeno Terilyn C
Published: February 2019

While the topic of caring coaching and its relationship to performance has been explored by researchers mainly in the UK, it has been neglected in the US with the exception of three studies by Fisher and colleagues. The core problem is a lack of understanding regarding the construct of care and whether coaches can care about athletes in pressure-filled, high-stakes, win-at-all-cost sport contexts. Thus, in this paper, we draw upon the ethic of care first proposed by Gilligan and later developed by Noddings and on results from the aforementioned studies by Fisher and colleagues as well as insights from scholarship in the UK to propose a heuristic of the potential relationship between caring coaching and elite athlete performance. Such a heuristic could be used in future coach development programs.
Zone 2 flexor tendon repairs using a tensioned strong core suture, sparse peripheral stitches and early active motion: results in 60 fingers
Authors: Pan Zhang Jun , Xu Yun Fei , Pan Lei , Chen Jing
Published: February 2019

We report the outcomes of zone 2 tendon repairs in 60 fingers using a strong core suture, sparse peripheral stitches and early active motion. From January 2014 to April 2016, we repaired 60 flexor digitorum profundus tendons with a tensioned 4-strand or 6-strand core suture and three to four peripheral stitches. The A2 or A4 pulleys were vented as necessary. Following early active flexion of the repaired tendons, no repairs ruptured and 52/60 (87%) fingers recovered to good or excellent function using the Tang criteria after follow-up of 8–33 months. We conclude that tensioned multi-strand strong core repairs only require sparse peripheral stitches and are safe for early active flexion. Standard peripheral sutures are not necessary. The core sutures should be properly tensioned to prevent gapping at tendon repair site and pulleys should be sufficiently vented to allow tendon motion.

Level of evidence: IV
Serum copeptin might improve risk stratification and management of aortic valve stenosis: a review of pathophysiological insights and practical implications
Authors: Yalta Kenan , Palabiyik Orkide , Gurdogan Muhammet , Gurlertop Yekta
Published: February 2019

Over recent decades, the prevalence of aortic valve stenosis (AVS) has been constantly increasing possibly owing to the aging of general population. Severe AVS as determined by an aortic valve area (AVA) of <1 cm2 has been regarded as a serious clinical condition potentially associated with a variety of adverse outcomes, including sudden cardiac death (SCD). However, patients with severe AVS (in the absence of overt high-risk features) are usually evaluated and managed exclusively based on symptomatology or imperfect prognostic tools including exercise testing and biomarkers, with a potential risk of mismanagement, suggesting the need for further objective risk stratifiers in this setting.

Within this context, copeptin (C-terminal pro-vasopressin), a novel neurohormone widely considered as the surrogate marker of the arginine–vasopressin (AVP) system, may potentially serve as a reliable prognostic and therapeutic guide (e.g. timing of aortic valvular intervention) in patients with severe AVS largely based on its hemodynamic, fibrogenic as well as autonomic implications in these patients. Accordingly, the present paper aims to discuss clinical and pathophysiological implications of copeptin in the setting of AVS along with a summary of biomarkers and other prognostic tools used in this setting.
Patriarchy and Women Vulnerability to Adverse Climate Change in Nigeria
Authors: Onwutuebe Chidiebere J.
Published: February 2019

The article explored the linkages between patriarchy and the high rate of women’s vulnerability to climate change. It examined how traditional beliefs, which underpin cultural division of roles between men and women, also increase the vulnerability of women to the adverse impacts of climate change. The article argued that the centralization of activities of women to occupations such as small-scale and rain-fed agriculture makes them more vulnerable to climate-related problems than the men. The article relied on desk review of secondary data. Data were analyzed using thematic content analysis. Using Nigeria as a case study, the article showed how patriarchy paves way for high rate of exposure of women to adverse impacts of climate change. Patriarchy equips men with stronger adaptive capability, especially in the area of vocational flexibility and mobility. The study concludes that efforts made to avert undue exposure of women to climate change disasters must seek to address patriarchy and the structural issues arising from the confinement of women to livelihoods, which are vulnerable to climate change disasters.
A Nudge in a New Direction: Integrating Behavioral Economic Strategies Into Suicide Prevention Work
Authors: Bauer Brian W. , Tucker Raymond P. , Capron Daniel W.
Published: February 2019

Three commonly used behavioral economic strategies were tested to investigate their utility in suicide prevention and mental health initiatives. Study 1 used a social norms nudge to potentially increase the people who accessed an online suicide risk factor intervention via e-mail ( N = 14,792). E-mails containing the social norm nudge were 164% more likely to click on the link relative to those who received the e-mail without the nudge. Study 2 used item count technique to better estimate suicidal ideation compared with direct questioning methods endorsed by two groups of online participants ( N = 787). No difference between groups was found. Study 3 used framing techniques to understand if participants ( N = 787) were more likely to access online coping skills when framed as being able to help others who may go through a suicidal crisis rather than themselves. Findings indicated more participants accessed the coping skills when framed as having utility for helping other people going through a suicidal crisis.
Biblical Literalism Influences Perceptions of History as a Scientific Discipline
Authors: Oberlin Kathleen C. , Scheitle Christopher P.
Published: February 2019

Recent work on religious conservatives frequently finds biblical literalism to have a negative influence on individuals’ attitudes toward science. We present a science-related issue for which biblical literalism seems, at least on the surface, to have a more positive influence. Specifically, individuals expressing a literalist view of the Bible are more likely than those who view the Bible as a book of fables to say that the field of history is scientific. This pattern remains even after accounting for a variety of other measures of individuals’ religion, scientific attitudes, and demographics. We discuss this pattern in the context of historical and contemporary connections between the Bible, history, and science among those coming from a literalist worldview.
Textual Spanning: Finding Discursive Holes in Text Networks
Authors: Stoltz Dustin S. , Taylor Marshall A.
Published: February 2019

We propose a measure of discursive holes well suited for the unique properties of text networks built from document similarity matrices considered as dense weighted graphs. In this measure, which we call textual spanning, documents similar to documents dissimilar from one another receive a high score, and documents similar to documents similar to one another receive a low score. After offering a simulation-based validation, we test the measure on an empirical document similarity matrix based on a preestimated topic-model probability distribution. The results demonstrate that our proposed textual spanning measure captures different structural features of discursive fields than alternative measures.
Diversification in urban functions as a measure of metropolitan complexity
Authors: Carlucci Margherita , Zambon Ilaria , Salvati Luca
Published: February 2019

Newly emerging relationships between form and function reveal the increasingly complex nature of metropolitan regions. The present study investigates spatial diversification in settlement forms and socioeconomic functions in metropolitan Attica (the administrative region including Athens, the capital of Greece), with the aim of implementing a holistic framework assessing urban complexity in contemporary cities. Taken as key components of urban complexity, morphological and functional diversity have been analysed using multi-domain indicators that describe settlement characteristics (land-use, soil sealing, building use, vertical profile of buildings, building age, construction materials) and socioeconomic functions (economic base, working classes, education levels, population age structure, composition of non-native population by citizenship, distribution of personal incomes), thus providing a comprehensive description of local-scale diversification in urban structures. A correlation analysis was used to verify the spatial coherency between individual dimensions of urban diversification. Analysis of global Moran’s spatial autocorrelation index reveals specific gradients of urban diversification that discriminate morphological attributes from socioeconomic functions. Municipalities were profiled on the basis of Pielou’s evenness indexes for each urban dimension: a factor analysis indicates latent patterns characterizing areas with high and low diversification in metropolitan functions. Urban and rural municipalities were, respectively, characterized as the most and least diversified in the study area, with peri-urban municipalities ranking in-between, evidencing a diversification gradient correlated with the distance from downtown Athens. A multidimensional analysis of the most relevant dimensions of metropolitan complexity has proved to be a promising tool for monitoring urban gradients, polycentric development and (latent) socioeconomic transformations in contemporary cities.
Attenuation study of a clay-rich dense zone in fractured carbonate reservoirs
Authors: Bouchaala Fateh , Ali Mohammed Y. , Matsushima Jun
Published: February 2019

Seismic attenuation in clay-rich dense zones remains unknown, despite the importance of such zones in hydrocarbon reservoirs, where they delimit the reservoir zones and isolate them from nearby aquifers. We have determined that a dense zone separating two carbonate reservoirs of an onshore oilfield in Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates, exhibits the highest intrinsic attenuation even though the zone contains no hydrocarbons. The frictional movement due to the elastic contrast between the hard carbonates and soft clay is most likely the dominant mechanism in the dense zone. The compressional sonic and vertical seismic profile (VSP) attenuation are on the same order of magnitude and are both maximum in the dense zone. Therefore, it is possible that the same attenuation mechanism in this zone exists at low and high frequencies; whereas the intrinsic attenuation mechanism in the reservoir zones, which are more permeable and porous than the dense zone, can be explained by the coexistence of global and squirt-flow mechanisms. Moreover, sonic attenuation exhibits higher magnitudes than VSP attenuation in these zones. This is due to the fact that the squirt-flow mechanism, which can take place between pores and fractures, is more important at sonic frequencies. The scattering mechanism is also important in the reservoir zones; this is due to the high heterogeneity and the presence of fractures in these zones.
Congenital absence of pericardium: two cases and a comprehensive review of the literature
Authors: Sergio Pietro , Bertella Erika , Muri Margherita , Zangrandi Ilaria , Ceruti Paolo , Fumagalli Franco , Bosio Giancarlo
Published: February 2019

Congenital absence of pericardium (CAP) is a rare condition, generally asymptomatic or paucisymptomatic, nevertheless sporadic cases complicated by sudden death are described.

CAP can be diagnosed by CT and MRI. It is classified as total or partial, and partial defects are divided into left defects and right defects.

Interestingly, several articles highlight the correlation between CAP and some anatomical lung abnormalities, such as presence of lung parenchyma between the main pulmonary artery and ascending aorta, lung parenchyma between the base of the heart and left hemidiaphragm, and lung parenchyma between the proximal ascending aorta and right pulmonary artery.
Legal regulation of the transformation of Russian education in the context of globalization in the socio-cultural environment
Authors: Чернявский Александр , CHyernyavskiy Alyeksandr , Бурьянов Сергей , Bur'yanov Sergey , Кривенький Александр , Krivenkii Aleksandr
Published: February 2019

The proposed monograph deals with the globalization of modern education at all levels, from General to higher, additional and continuous. The article shows the impact of globalization in the socio-cultural environment on the transformation of modern education and the formation of global education for the sustainable development of our country. The study is intended for researchers, teachers, graduate students, masters and bachelors, for all those interested in the problem of global education.
Medical support for emergency response
Authors: Лобанов Алексей , Lobanov Aleksey
Published: February 2019

The textbook deals with the tasks and organization of medical support in EMERCOM of Russia. The medical and tactical characteristics of emergency zones of natural, man-made, biological, social and military character are given. The content and sequence of measures of medical support of emergency response are covered. The questions of organization of interaction and management of medical forces and means are stated.
The textbook is intended for cadets and students of educational institutions of higher professional education of EMERCOM of Russia.
The material of the textbook can be useful to a wide range of scientists and specialists engaged in practical work on the planning and organization of medical support of civil DEFENSE and emergency protection.
Becoming the Dancer: Dissolving the Boundaries between Ritual, Cognition, and Theatrical Performance in Non-dual Śaivism
Authors: Wenta Aleksandra
Published: February 2019

This paper explores the connection between cognitive ritual and theatrical performance in non-dual Śaivism based on the textual study of the Mahārthamañjarī written by Maheśvarānanda (13th–14th centuries) and related texts. The Mahārthamañjarī incorporates the image of the dancing Śiva of Chidambaram to expound certain ideas of non-dual Śaiva doctrine and practice. One of the most important issues discussed by Maheśvarānanda was the meaning of Śiva’s dance and the possibility for a man or a human agent to become Śiva-the Dancer by performing the Five Acts (pañcakṛtya). Surveying the different meanings of pañcakṛtya that have developed over time, this paper explores how Maheśvarānanda’s project of discovery one’s own status as Śiva-the Dancer is essentially a discovery of being an agent of the Five Acts.
„Piękne słowo jest więcej warte od pięknego ciała”
Authors: Pudłocki Tomasz
Published: February 2019

“A Beautiful Word is Worth More Than a Beautiful Body” – Anna Rachalska’s Private High School for Girls in Przemysl between 1911 and 1920The Private Middle School for Girls owned by Anna Rachalska, operating between 1911 and 1920, was the first successful attempt to create a school in Przemyśl enabling women to pursue university studies, which also provided an impetus for establishing further local forms of education for Polish, Jewish and Ukrainian women. The school premises were far from suitable, the teachers o­en changed and the institution’s significance in the public sphere of the city was limited. However, it is worth noting that the school mostly operated under harsh war conditions that were not conducive to high activity or consistent promotion policy. It was more of a typical private educational institution for women dependent on a variety of local factors, than one of the top High School in Galicia. Its complicated and short history shows the problems of a running private establishment in the di¯cult years of WW1.
Obraz życia i śmierci w kobiecych narracjach Wielkiej Wojny na podstawie materiałów z Galicji Wschodniej
Authors: Bajdak Marjana
Published: February 2019

Images of Life and Death in Women’s Discourse on the Great War (Based on Materials from Eastern Galicia)´The First World War changed the relatively stable and comprehensible life of women in Eastern Galicia. It made everyone ponder over the concepts of life and death. Women hardly thought about life in the war in philosophical categories. For them it was an everyday struggle. ´The war manifested the contrast of life and death, and at the same time, immediately led the women to assert that the boundary between being and non-existence was too blurry, almost unreal, and could be crossed at any moment. The fear of death was usually greater when women obtained higher education and their living conditions were better, and the attitude to death depended on what place it occupied in the system of values of the whole society, as well as that of the individual, and on women’s subjective perception of the phenomenon of death. Life became more valuable at the end of the war.
Wojna w jednym losie
Authors: Bodnar Hałyna
Published: February 2019

The War in One Fate: Biographical Narratives of Widows of Soviet Servicemen on the Basis of Letters to the Authorities of Lviv in 1944-1945The article analyzes letters written in late 1944 and in 1945 by widows of Soviet servicemen to the authorities of the city of Lviv requesting a permit to move or return to Lviv, the construction of women’s biographical narratives and the image of women in the war. The main topic discussed in post-war correspondence was the war trials and different fates of women sharing the experience of life in Lviv in 1939 -1941. It demonstrates similar strategies of survival and communication with the totalitarian state, and the contradictory image of woman in war time. The personal drama of her husband’s death, the sudden collapse of the social hierarchy, and, in particular, the destruction of “pre-war” housing stock in Lviv and other livelihood opportunities in a big city, prompted woman, in the already partly assumed role of the head of the family, to look for ways to regain their former position. Probably, they wrote special letters, among many other quite similar appeals to the government, in order to attract attention to themselves. The narrative analysis of the letters has made it possible to isolate the images of Lviv in the representations of people of the (post)war period, to disclose the „Soviet language” and the (un)typical gender-related aspects of texts written by women.
Multimarket Value Creation and Competition
Authors: Fu Qiang , Iyer Ganesh
Published: February 2019

We analyze multimarket interactions between firms that allocate limited budgets in value creation and in competitive activities.
Label-Free Enrichment and Molecular Characterization of Viable Circulating Tumor Cells from Diagnostic Leukapheresis Products
Authors: Franken André , Driemel Christiane , Behrens Bianca , Meier-Stiegen Franziska , Endris Volker , Stenzinger Albrecht , Niederacher Dieter , Fischer Johannes C , Stoecklein Nikolas H , Ruckhaeberle Eugen , Fehm Tanja , Neubauer Hans
Published: February 2019

INTRODUCTION

Circulating tumor cells (CTCs) may be used to improve cancer diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment. However, because knowledge regarding CTC biology is limited and the numbers of CTCs and CTC-positive cancer patients are low, progress in this field is slow. We addressed this limitation by combining diagnostic leukapheresis (DLA) and microfluidic enrichment to obtain large numbers of viable CTCs from metastasized breast cancer patients.

METHODS

DLA was applied to 9 patients, and 7.5 mL of peripheral blood was drawn. CTCs were enriched with the Parsortix™ system. The quality of CTCs from fresh and cryopreserved DLA products was tested, and CTCs were cultured in vitro. Single uncultured and cultured CTCs were isolated by micromanipulation to determine different parameters, such as genomic aberrations and mutation profiles of selected tumor-associated genes. Expression levels of estrogen receptor and HER2/neu were monitored during in vitro culture.

RESULTS

Viable CTCs from peripheral blood and fresh or frozen DLA products could be enriched. DLA increased the likelihood of successful CTC culture. Cryopreserved DLA products could be stored with minimal CTC loss and no overt reduction in the tumor cell quality and viability during an observation period of up to 3 years. The analyzed parameters did not change during in vitro culture. DLA samples with high CTC numbers and lower ratios of apoptotic CTCs were more likely to grow in culture.

CONCLUSIONS

The increased CTC numbers from fresh or cryopreserved DLA products facilitate multiple functional and molecular analyses and, thus, could improve our knowledge of their biology.
Novel Assay for Quantitative Analysis of DNA Methylation at Single-Base Resolution
Authors: Yu Huichuan , Bai Liangliang , Tang Guannan , Wang Xiaolin , Huang Meijin , Cao Guangwen , Wang Jianping , Luo Yanxin
Published: February 2019

BACKGROUND

The DNA methylation profile provides valuable biological information with potential clinical utility. Several methods, such as quantitative methylation-specific PCR (qMSP), have been developed to examine methylation of specific CpG sites. Existing qMSP-based techniques fail to examine the genomic methylation at a single-base resolution, particularly for loci in gene bodies or extensive CpG open seas lacking flanking CpGs. Therefore, we established a novel assay for quantitative analysis of single-base methylation.

METHODS

To achieve a robust single-base specificity, we developed a PCR-based method using paired probes following bisulfite treatment. The 6-carboxyfluorescein- and 2′-chloro-7′phenyl-1,4-dichloro-6-carboxy-fluorescein-labeled probes conjugated with minor groove binder were designed to specifically bind to the methylated and unmethylated allele of targeted single CpGs at their 3′ half regions, respectively. The methylation percentage was calculated by values of methylation / (methylation + unmethylation).

RESULTS

In the detection of single CpGs within promoters or bodies of 4 human genes, the quantitative analysis of the single-base methylation assay showed a detection capability in the 1 to 1:10000 dilution experiments with linearity over 4 orders of magnitude (R2 = 0.989–0.994; all P < 0.001). In a cohort of 10 colorectal cancer samples, the assay showed a comparable detection performance with bisulfite pyrosequencing (R2 = 0.875–0.990; all P < 0.001), which was better than conventional qMSP methods normalized by input control reaction (R2 = 0.841 vs 0.769; P = 0.002 vs 0.009).

CONCLUSIONS

This assay is highly specific and sensitive for determining single-base methylation and, thus, is potentially useful for methylation-based panels in diagnostic and prognostic applications.
Unpacking policy gridlocks in Africa’s development: An evolving agenda
Authors: Mugwagwa Julius , Banda Geoffrey , Bolo Maurice , Kilonzo Susan , Mavhunga Clapperton , Mjimba Vuyo , Muza Olivia , Teka Zeferino
Published: February 2019

Policies are not an end in themselves, but deliberate systems of principles to guide decisions and achievement of rational outcomes. Many factors inherent in or transcending policy processes have dramatic consequences for how policies are interpreted and applied. In this article, we deploy the concept of ‘policy gridlocks’ to better understand factors that facilitate or hinder implementation of single or multiple policies in different African policy arenas. We argue that minimizing or ameliorating ‘policy gridlocks’ requires stakeholders to quantify and more directly feel the cost of their decisions and actions, while scholars must continue to search for institutional means to prevent gridlocks, including broadening the array of conceptual and analytical tools for understanding policy processes. We conclude that limits in financial resources, technical expertise and legislative capacity are the more powerful drivers of policy formulation, implementation and revision gridlocks that need to be addressed, than fragmentation of stakeholder interests.
The influence of development objectives and local context upon international service engineering infrastructure design
Authors: Witmer Ann-Perry
Published: February 2019

Accumulating research data indicate that engineers may more effectively design infrastructure for a rural international society by separating the responsibilities and connotations associated with ‘development’ and ‘globalization’ from the task of addressing a physical infrastructure need through technical intervention. Engineers typically fall prey to the globalization notion of enhancing alternately developed societies’ needs and conditions by supplanting local context with an understanding of society and need that most closely aligns with the engineers’ own experience. By contrast, if an engineer develops a full understanding of the local influences that drive client-community values and functions, they can design infrastructure solutions that are more compatible with context, thus improving sustainability and effectiveness of operation for the infrastructure user. In other words, the engineer must augment her own technical knowledge with an indigenous knowledge of both technology and cultural conditions if she is to design an infrastructure that may be readily accepted and used by the client society.
Staphylococcus aureus isolated from selected dairies of Algeria: Prevalence and susceptibility to antibiotics
Authors: Matallah Asmaa Manel , Bouayad Leila , Boudjellaba Sofiane , Mebkhout Faiza , Hamdi Taha Mossadak , Ramdani-Bouguessa Nadjia
Published: February 2019

Aim: The objectives of this study were to assess the prevalence of Staphylococcus aureus in raw milk in Algerian dairies, to study the effect of seasons on the contamination of milk and the susceptibility of isolated strains to antibiotics, and to estimate the risk on the health consumer. Materials and Methods: The ISO method 6888-1 (1) was used for Staphylococcus screening. Antimicrobial susceptibility to the 11most used antibiotics in veterinary medicine was assessed using the disk diffusion assay. Results: The overall prevalence was 31.56% (95/301); 34.84% (85/244) from raw milk collectors cisterns (MCC), 22.73% (5/22) from mixing tank milk before pasteurization, and 14.29% (5/35) from pasteurized tank milk (p<0.05). A significant difference (p<0.001) of contamination on MCC was observed between dairies without season influence (p≥0.05). It was observed that 49.47% of S. aureus isolates were resistant to penicillin, 5.26% to tetracycline, 4.21% to erythromycin, 3.15% to neomycin, 2.10% to cefoxitin, 2.10% to clindamycin, and 1.05% to ofloxacin. No resistance was observed for vancomycin, gentamicin, chloramphenicol, and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole. Conclusion: A high prevalence of S. aureus from MCC was observed without significant effect of season. The pasteurization does not ensure the elimination of bacteria in all samples. Half of the isolates were resistant to penicillin. These findings emphasize the importance of S. aureus control in Algerian milk industry at different levels to improve public health.
Effect of Neosaxitoxin on Epidural Anesthesia in Cats: a Promising Alternative to Conventional Anesthetics
Authors: Varela Xaviera , del Campo Miguel , Piron Robin , Sepulveda Joaquín , Bustamante Tamara , Hinzpeter Jaime , Lagos Néstor
Published: February 2019

Neosaxitoxin (NeoSTX) is a specific high-affinity inhibitor of voltage-dependent sodium channels, which has shown excellent results as a local anesthetic in various pathologies and post-operative protocols, since it effect is long-lasting and have virtually no side effects.The aim of this study was to analyze the effect of NeoSTX as an epidural anesthetic in female cats, undergoing ovariohysterectomy, compared to Lidocaine in a randomized and double-blind study. Two groups of 11 female cats were randomly in the NeoSTX group and the lidocaine group. They were administered, respectively, a single dose of NeoSTX (0.5 μg / kg) or lidocaine (4 mg / kg, 2%) by epidural via. Using the UNESP-Botucatu pain assessment scale, which considers multiple behavioral and physiological factors, the epidural anesthetic effect of NeoSTX and lidocaine was evaluated, up to 240 min after the ovariohysterectomy procedure. NeoSTX no altered the peripheral blood pressure during the cut of uterine cervix, and generated lower values on the pain scale as compared to the lidocaine treatment. None of the cats anesthetized with NeoSTX required an extra dose of pain-relieving drugs (2 mg / kg of tramadol) during the first 150 min after surgery, whereas nine cats from the lidocaine group did need an extra dose of analgesic. NeoSTX is a powerful pain blocker, with a long-lasting anesthetic effect when administered by an epidural procedure. Therefore, NeoSTX emerges as a promising alternative to conventional anesthetics for the treatment of postoperative pain.
La esperanza sobrenatural como elevación de la libertad personal según L. Polo
Authors: Sellés Dauder Juan Fernando
Published: February 2019

En este trabajo se estudia la índole de la esperanza sobrenatural según el pensamiento de L. Polo. Se indica que se añade a la libertad personal del acto de ser humano (no a la inteligencia o a la voluntad); que requiere de la fe y de la caridad, que mira al futuro metahistórico y es susceptible de incremento hasta su consumación.
Teacher job satisfaction by principal support and teacher cooperation: Results from the Schools and Staffing Survey
Authors: Olsen Amanda , Huang Francis
Published: February 2019

Although turnover rates are alarmingly high for early career and veteran teachers, turnover rates are even higher for those who identify as a teacher of color. To increase the retention of teachers, job satisfaction has become an important construct to analyze. Teacher cooperation and principal support within the school are two influential factors that directly relate to job satisfaction. Using the restricted 2011-2012 Schools and Staffing Survey, a nationally representative dataset, principal support, teacher cooperation, and their moderation effects were analyzed in relation to teacher job satisfaction using a series of multilevel models. After controlling for teacher- and school-level characteristics, principal support and teacher cooperation were statistically significant predictors of job satisfaction for all teachers. The moderation effect between the two variables of interest and race were also statistically significant. These findings emphasize the need to maintain professional communities where teachers can interact and collaborate with the support of their school leaders.
Jogo e conspiração em Hollywood: o Portugal que não foi
Authors: Lopes Rui
Published: February 2019

A Segunda Guerra Mundial foi um ponto de viragem na construção de um discurso acerca de Portugal que foi disseminado pela ficção audiovisual norte-americana e, por extensão, na forma como a cultura de massas imaginou este país no contexto internacional durante a ditadura do Estado Novo. Este artigo analisa os argumentos de dois projetos da Warner Brothers – The Gamblers (escrito em 1942, não rodado) e The Conspirators (escrito e produzido em 1943/1944) –, concluindo que a influência de Washington no sentido de alinhar o cinema com a propaganda de guerra e, sobretudo, a lógica de produção de ficção de Hollywood contribuíram para obscurecer na imagem de Portugal então moldada (e subsequentemente replicada) o que poderia ter sido uma visão mais crítica da neutralidade portuguesa, da ditadura salazarista e da própria história do país.
O colorido de Breaking Bad: excessos narrativos e seus efeitos nas interpretações dos fãs
Authors: Anchieta Wanderley , Pilz Jonas
Published: February 2019

Este artigo apresenta discussões sobre a adição de detalhes ou excessos nas mises-en-scène dos programas televisivos da atualidade, a partir do uso criativo das cores, delimitando análise da personagem Marie Schrader de Breaking Bad e conversações em rede sobre sua associação com a cor roxa. A junção narrativa entre as transformações naturais do enredo e as inventividades exuberantes pelas quais as mesmas são transmitidas aos espectadores via discurso/estilo gera o que os críticos de televisão apontam como a chegada de uma era de ouro na qual haveria uma migração do glamour outrora atrelado ao cinema para os seriados, nomeados complexos por autores como Mittel e Johnson. Tal engenhosidade nas produções estimula, no público em geral e nos fãs em especial, maior intento de observar, compartir e comentar suas interpretações sobre a história que apreciam.
O Cinema Português, o Estado, a sua Legislação e o Poder dela
Authors: Bordalo e Sá Sérgio
Published: February 2019

Recensão do livro de Jorge Seabra O Cinema no Discurso do Poder (Coimbra: Imprensa da Universidade de Coimbra, 2017).
Tania Bruguera: "Hablándole al poder". Uma exposição no Museo Universitario Arte Contemporáneo da Cidade do México
Authors: Schefer Raquel
Published: February 2019

Recensão crítica da exposição retrospetiva da obra de Tania Bruguera “Hablándole al poder”, patente no MUAC, na Cidade do México, de maio a setembro de 2018.
Andrzej Mężyński, Z dziejów bibliotek w Polsce. Od średniowiecza do 1989 roku, Warszawa: Wydawnictwo Stowarzyszenia Bibliotekarzy Polskich 2017, s. 95 (Biblioteczka „Poradnika Bibliotekarza”, nr 32). ISBN 978-83- 64203-91-6
Authors: Wojciechowski Jacek
Published: February 2019

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Anna Szatkowska (1951–2018)
Authors: Mikołajska Aleksandra
Published: February 2019

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Dorota Żołądź-Strzelczyk, Szkoły w Wielkopolsce – od średniowiecznych początków do reform Komisji Edukacji Narodowej, Wydawnictwo Poznańskie 2010, ss. 324
Authors: Puchowski Kazimierz
Published: February 2019

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Międzynarodowa Konferencja Naukowa „Szkolna edukacja historyczna. Historia ludzi. Historia dla ludzi” Poznań 25–26 października 2012 r.1
Authors: Chmura-Rutkowska Iwona , Głowacka-Sobiech Edyta , Skórzyńska Izabela
Published: February 2019

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„Osobliwie muszę tu wyznać zrządzenie Boskie nad tobą Synu mój kochany, iż twoja najlepiej cię kochająca Matka, uniesiona często słabością rozumu swojego, biła cię i źle ci życzyła”. Choroba psychiczna w rodzinie w drugiej połowie XVIII wieku na przykładzie dzieciństwa Stanisława Mikołaja Tretera
Authors: Kowalczyk Małgorzata Ewa
Published: February 2019

Stanisław Mikołaj, son of Agnieszka, nee Izbicki, and Stanisław Treter, the king’s chamberlain, was born on 19th November 1776. When he was seven years old it turned out that his mother was mentally ill, most probably suffering from schizophrenia. In the 18th century mental and nervous disorders were very rare, and foreigners visiting Poland even thought they were characteristic of Poles. Certainly, mental disease in a family does not only affect the one who actually suffers from it, it has an impact on each family member and somehow everyone is involved. Agnieszka’s psychosis started with aggressive behaviour towards her family, and especially her son. She would destroy things which either belonged to him or were in some way related to him, she would scream at him, physically and mentally harass him. His father would usually buy the things the boy needed most, such as underwear, clothes and shoes, in well-kept secret. Agnieszka categorically opposed this and even “became stubborn and restless which influenced the atmosphere in this home”. Because of his mother’s disease and its influence on the atmosphere in the family, the boy often felt anxiety and fear, and sometimes even annoyance and despair. In November 1786 Stanisław Treter decided that it would be better if his wife stayed in Warsaw for a while. The atmosphere at home was becoming worse and worse, and their ten-year-old son required systematic and extensive education, while Agnieszka herself needed “professional” care. In the 18th century people who suffered from mental diseases would usually live with their families and be provided with good care and a kind of particular respect, unless they were dangerous to others. However, Agnieszka was completely unpredictable. Her irrepressible aggression was understood by her son as a lack of love and acceptance. He often felt lost and very lonely. His mother’s mental disease did not create supportive conditions for the development of the child’s emotions and mentality. Certainly, like any other child he loved his “Mummy” very much, so parting with her was a very difficult experience for the boy. Disharmony in the Treter family, which was the consequence of Agnieszka’s disease, developed in Stanisław Mikołaj patterns of instability, hostility and neglect. Thus it is not surprising that he became oversensitive, egoistic, combative and aggressive. We learn about Stanisław Mikołaj Treter’s difficult childhood from his father’s notes. In 1785 he decided to write a history of his son’s life and education, and it took him four years to write in 13 letters which are now kept in the Central State Historical Archive of Ukraine in Lvov.
Wykształcenie ziemiańskie i jego wpływ na wychowanie dzieci na przykładzie rodu Ostrowskich Korabitów
Authors: Studnicka-Mariańczyk Karolina
Published: February 2019

The article presents the subsequent stages of Aleksander Ostrowski’s education; it shows his successes at school, and also points at the direct link between the economic achievements of the Ostrowskis’ domain and the level of the owners’ education. The general and professional knowledge acquired at school and the level of culture and civil awareness provided resulted in the formation of high educational ambitions also in the next generation: the atmosphere of the family home and the pedagogical attitude of Aleksander and Helena Ostrowski influenced the fact that their children were also well educated; therefore, they could continue the family traditions, develop their farm, and participate in political life. The example of the Ostrowski family from Maluszyn can serve as an argument justifying the statement that a high level of education should be treated as a main factor in forming certain types of world views, social and political beliefs, and the level of interest and participation in culture. It should also be treated as a factor determining openness towards innovations and progress in both the organisation of social life and the economy.
Explicit and implicit dimensions of sociopragmatic and pragmalinguistic competence
Authors: Sperlich Darcy , Leem Jaiho , Ahn Eui-Jeen
Published: February 2019

Implicit and explicit knowledge use in second language acquisition has been rigorously researched in areas such as syntax, however our understanding of how these knowledge constructs affect learner pragmatics is not well understood. Through an interlanguage pragmatic perspective we aim to understand how implicit and explicit knowledge intertwines with pragmalinguistic and sociopragmatic competence. This is investigated by testing for L1 politeness transfer in Korean learners of French regarding their acquisition of tu and vous, which provides a new perspective as past research focuses on Anglophone learners. By triangulating data from two test types, results show that the learners have difficulty with vous but not tu, attributed to negative language transfer of L1 politeness values. Moreover, learner variation of tu/vous use can be linked to the explicit/implicit status of their pragmalinguistic and sociopragmatic knowledge, showing that the implicitization of their sociopragmatic knowledge is a challenging hurdle towards native-like tu/vous use.
Biological markers for the effects of yoga as a complementary and alternative medicine
Authors: Mohammad Ashu , Thakur Priyanka , Kumar Rakesh , Kaur Sharanpreet , Saini Reena V. , Saini Adesh K.
Published: February 2019

From the last few decades, there are increasing incidences of disorders like premature aging, cardiovascular disease, multiple sclerosis, fibromyalgia, and Alzheimer’s disease In addition to medication, researchers have found that yoga, a mind-body therapy, can be used as an alternative medicine. Yoga combines specific physical postures, breathing techniques, relaxation and meditation that improve mental and physical health of the body. The purpose of this review is to collate the research evidences claiming health benefits of performing traditional yogic practices. What are the biological and other reliable indicators to suggest that doing asanas, pranayama, and meditation could reduce or treat wide range of life style disorders are discussed. Importantly, these indicators are otherwise used to assess the severity of disorders. In many of the study it has been shown that yoga improves the redox health of body whose imbalance has been well proven to cause many health complications. The impact of yoga on neurodegenerative diseases have revealed that it reverses memory loss, reduce anxiety, depression and stress, the biological indicators of disease. However, most studies have several limitations and therefore further research into yoga is needed to validate these findings.
DWDM Channel Spacing Effects on the Signal Quality for DWDM/CWDM FTTx Network
Authors: Kumar K. Vinoth , Kumar P. Venkatesh , Rashed Ahmed Nabih Zaki , Mohamed Abd El–Naser A. , Tabbour Mohamed S. , El-Assar Mohamed
Published: February 2019

In this paper, two models of fiber-to-the-x (FTTx) networks are provided, one of hybrid dense wavelength division multiplexing/coarse wavelength division multiplexing (DWDM/CWDM) with high subscriber’s allocated bandwidth, and the other of hybrid ultra-dense wavelength division multiplexing/coarse wavelength division multiplexing (UDWDM/CWDM) with high network capacity. The effect of the fiber chromatic dispersion on the signal quality was demonstrated. The behavior of the network with respect to the changing of the DWDM channel spacing and the relation between the channel spacing and the system bit rate was discussed.
Organisationsversagen und NSU-Ermittlungen
Authors: Dosdall Henrik
Published: February 2019

Der vorliegende Artikel analysiert aus organisationssoziologischer Perspektive, warum die polizeilichen NSU-Ermittlungen auch nach jahrelang erfolglosen Untersuchungen im Bereich der Organisierten Kriminalität eine rechtsextremistische Urheberschaft der NSU-Morde ausschlossen. Um diese Frage zu beantworten, bedient sich der Artikel einer entscheidungstheoretischen Routine- und Lernperspektive. Das mit diesem theoretischen Instrumentarium verfolgte Ziel liegt in der Analyse der Lernobstruktionen der polizeilichen Ermittlungen im NSU-Komplex. Darauf aufbauend werden empirische und analytische Anschlussperspektiven aufgezeigt.
Fördert Partizipation am Arbeitsplatz die Entwicklung des politischen Interesses und der politischen Beteiligung?
Authors: Mays Anja
Published: February 2019

Die vorliegende Untersuchung geht in Anlehnung an die von Pateman entwickelten Spillover-Hypothese der Frage nach, ob und wie sich berufliche Partizipation auf das Ausmaß von politischem Interesse und politischer Beteiligung auswirken. Auf der Basis von Längsschnittdaten des Sozioökonomischen Panels stellt sich heraus, dass sich das politische Interesse intraindividuell verstärkt, wenn die berufliche Autonomie zunimmt. Dieser Effekt wird allerdings nur sichtbar, wenn direkt nach den Arbeitsbedingungen gefragt wird. Ein Zuwachs an beruflicher Führungsverantwortung hat dagegen keinen Einfluss auf das Politikinteresse oder die politische Beteiligung. Darüber hinaus deuten die Ergebnisse auf erhebliche Selektionseffekte und die Relevanz früherer politischer Sozialisationserfahrungen hin. Ein Großteil des politischen Interesses und der politischen Beteiligung scheint dabei auf zurückliegende politische Lernerfahrungen und die soziale Herkunft der Befragten zurückzuführen zu sein.