bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
„Zamiast pilnować garnków mieszają się do polityki”. Udział polskich emigrantek we Francji w strajkach i protestach ekonomicznych w latach 1920–1950
Authors: Nowakowska-Wierzchoś Anna
Published: March 2022

In the twenties of the twentieth century to France arrived almost half million crowd of Polish emigration. Women largely accompanied traveling for work husbands but was there a single Polish women who decided abandon the family home and go out to another country in search of a work. Unemployed women was active on the social field. They organized a care on children, elders and care on Polish local and religious tradition. Economical crisis and arrival behind him labor strikes, threat of fascism, victory of the Popular Front and outbreak civil war in Spain meant that women themselves or through their husbands began to get involved in political and union activity. With poor education they did not read the classics leftist but political awareness gained standing under factories where strikes their husbands fighting with police and strike breakers. In period of German occupation they participated in strikes of houswifes. “Instead watch of pots” – like say one of French policeman they mingled to policy. After war they spread propaganda for a communist government in Poland. They lead agitation for a came back to country and restoration a country, believing that they built a equitable system for all. These women despite the lack of education, traditional education could motivate their neighbors to act, even if it is limited only to a closed Polish community. They went beyond the space of your own home to other women with whom co-created organizations, they take public voice, argued their political choices and to cooperate were acquiring another compatriot. It was not a feminist revolution, more faith in the power of women passed from mother to daughter, and refusal to hunger and insecurity of their offspring.
Sunitha Krishnan i jej walka z seksualnym niewolnictwem kobiet w Indiach
Authors: Stasiak Zuzanna
Published: March 2022

This article introduces the silhouette of Hindu activist Sunitha Krishan, has been strongly committed to the fight against sexual slavery in India for 20 years. It presents the circumstances of the fact that she started her business, initiatives which was undertaken by her and what was the results of her activities. In summary form the article presents stories that Krishnan has collected by seeing with victims – women and children. The author also essays the presentation of Hindu models of femininity and she demonstrates their influence on the current situation of women. This text is largery based on online sources, articles published on the information portals, interviews with Krishnan and record during the conference with her participation.
O możliwość samorealizacji. Ewa Partum
Authors: Rode Dagmara
Published: March 2022

The article presents chosen tropes and selected works from the oeuvre of Ewa Partum, Polish pioneer of both feminist and conceptual art. The artist combines the reflection on woman’s situation with exploring the specifity of art itself. She starts with the analysis of the determinants of the women’s presence in the art world, than concentrates on the construction of the social roles ascribed to women, to finally look into the crossing areas of discrimination. The important aspect of her artistic practise is body, as a tool of artistic expression and a source of her special signature, shown in the context of how women function in the art world. In her works, Partum combines dialoque with art history, references to political situation and her personal history.
Kobieta w męskim świecie. Strategie działania Małgorzaty Szumowskiej
Authors: Durys Elżbieta
Published: March 2022

Filmmaking is one of the most male-dominated profession. Poland is no exception in this regard. Researchers exploring the issue of female directors in Polish cinema indicated misogynistic attitude prevalent in film schools, in the film industry, as well as among the policy-makers as a main cause of that situation before 1989. Despite the socio-cultural changes after the collapse of communism and gender mainstreaming policy adopted after 2004, almost nothing has changed in this respect since then. That is why a few exceptions to this inglorious and disgraceful rule are worth exploring in a more profound way. In my article I analyze Polish female film director Małgorzata Szumowska. Using interviews and articles about her as a person published both in newspapers and magazines, I distinguish three different strategies employed by her to function in the male-dominated industry. These are as follows: the strategy of incorporation (“one of the boys”), the mask of stereotypical womanhood, and madness.
Seeking Equity, Agility, and Sustainability in the Provision of Emergency Remote Teaching During the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Center for Teaching and Learning Takes an Expanded Role
Authors: Trotter Henry , Huang Cheng-Wen , Czerniewicz Laura
Published: March 2022

Objectives: The purpose of the study was to illuminate and assess the experiences and feelings of the staff of a center for teaching and learning at one South African university during the early months (April–June 2020) of the COVID-19 pandemic lockdowns when it switched from face-to-face teaching to emergency remote teaching (ERT). It explores the practical, operational, ethical, cultural, and emotional questions that the staff of this center dealt with as they supported the university in ERT provision. Method: This paper draws on in-depth interviews with 23 staff members of the Centre for Innovation in Learning and Teaching (CILT) who revealed not only the logistical, technical, and administrative challenges faced during the ERT rollout period but the efforts they made to ensure that their efforts promoted equity (for students), agility (for the university), and psychological sustainability (for themselves). Findings: Using cultural historical activity theory as a lens to assess CILT staff activities, findings indicate that a number of contradictions and tensions emerged during this period—concerning exacerbated inequities, pedagogical compromises, cultural anxieties, and psychological pressures—that could not be fully resolved but only managed. Implications for Research: CILT staff are interested not only in providing logistical, technical, and practical support to a university but also in dealing effectively with the ethical, cultural, and emotional concerns that arise in times of crisis and transition, such as the current one. Understanding what happened during COVID-19 may offer insights into how other centers for teaching and learning can adjust to what will likely remain an unstable future in higher education. Conclusion: The pandemic ruptured the previously organic change and growth that characterized CILT development, transforming it as the staff responded to this South African university’s need to provide support to academics and students engaging with ERT.
Prevalence of Foot At-Risk and its Associated Characteristics among Outpatients with Diabetes Mellitus in a Peruvian Public Hospital
Authors: Yovera-Aldana Marlon , Pérez-Cavero Sonia , Pinedo-Torres Isabel , Zubiate-López Carlos
Published: March 2022

OBJECTIVE: To assess the prevalence of patients at risk of developing diabetic foot complications(i.e.foot at-risk) and its clinical components according to the updated International Working Group on Diabetic Foot (IWGDF) criteria and to describe demographic and diabetes-related
characteristics. METHODS: We conducted a cross-sectional study at María Auxiliadora Hospital between 2017 and 2018. The criteria for foot at-risk in the IWGDF 2019 risk stratification system are classified into four risk categories, R0-R3, ranging from no peripheral arterial
disease (PAD) and no peripheral neuropathy (PN) to the presence of PAD or PN in combination with previous foot ulcer, amputation, or end- stage renal disease (R3). According to this system, we obtained prevalence ratios (PR) of foot at-risk categories dependent on sex, age, diabetes duration,
and Total Symptom Score. A sample size of 402 subjects was included in the study. RESULTS: Subjects included had a mean age of 61 years, and 66% were female. There were no patients with type 1 diabetes, and 59% percent had a diabetes duration of less than ten years. The prevalence of
foot at-risk was 54.3% defined by the IWGDF 2019 criteria, which gave prevalence17% higher than that defined with the previous 1999 criteria. PN and PAD frequency was 37.3% and 30.1%, respectively. Foot at-risk prevalence was 40% higher in those with severe Total Symptom Score (PR 1.40, 95%
CI 1.09-1.80) and also 39% higher in men than in women (PR 1.39, 95% CI 1.17-1.64). Likewise, diabetes duration of more than ten years had a 25% higher prevalence of foot at-risk (PR 1.25, 95% CI 1.05-1.49), and those older than 60 years had a 20% higher presence of this condition (PR 1.20,
95% CI 1.0011.43). CONCLUSIONS: Our hospital faces a substantial burden of diabetic foot risk in men, patients with long diabetes duration, and those with painful neuropathy. More initiatives are required at primary or hospital level to detect this critical condition. Likewise, reference
centers with multidisciplinary teams to apply prevention and therapeutic interventions are urgently needed.
Spillover Effects of Medium-Scale Farms on Smallholder Behaviour and Welfare: Evidence from Nigeria
Authors: Liverpool-Tasie Lenis Saweda O , Nuhu Ahmed Salim , Awokuse Titus , Jayne Thomas , Muyanga Milu , Aromolaran Adebayo , Adelaja Adesoji
Published: March 2022

Many countries across Africa are seeing an increasing share of farmland being classified as medium-scale farms (MSFs). MSFs are defined as farms operating between 5–100ha. MSFs co-exist with small-scale farms (SSFs, defined as farms below 5ha), who still constitute the majority of households in rural areas of Africa. While there is growing literature documenting the drivers of the rise of MSFs and their characteristics empirical evidence on how this rise in MSFs impacts neighbouring SSFs is still thin. This study addresses these observed gaps in the literature. We developed a theoretical model to explain some mechanisms through which spillovers on SSFs can be generated from the existence of MSFs around them. We empirically tested for evidence of these spillovers with data from Nigeria, Africa’s largest economy and most populous nation. By exploring the spillover effects of MSFs on a broader set of SSF outcomes, including input use, productivity, commercialisation and welfare (captured via several measures of household income and poverty status), this paper provides a more comprehensive view of spillover effects.
Liquid Fuel From Polypropylene Plastic Wastes with Bentonite as Catalyst by Catalytic Cracking Process
Authors: Kurnia Dwi Miftha , Faizal Muhammad
Published: March 2022

Abstract. The aim of this project work is to convert waste plastics into useful fuel range hydrocarbon mixture. The catalytic cracking process of polypropylene plastic waste (mineral water cup) was performed in a fixed-bed reactor with bentonite catalyst, at five temperatures ranging from 150 to 350oC with percent catalyst of 4%.The amounts of liquid fuel produced, as well as the compositions of the resulting liquid fuel, were determined by Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry. The influences of cracking parameters, such as temperature and catalyst mass, on product yields were investigated. The optimum conditions cracking of polypropylene plastics waste with bentonite as catalyst is at temperature of 350oC with 4% catalyst mass or20 grams. The highest liquid yield (41.5%) was obtained using 20 gram Bentonite catalyst at 350oC. The highest percent composition of C6H14, C7H16 andC8H18 in liquid product  is 16.92%, 18.48%, and 12.22% respectively at temperature of 350oC.
Pengaruh Penambahan Silika Abu Kelapa Sawit pada Batako Agropolimer
Authors: Prendika Wimpy , Syafei Dedri , Nasirly Riri
Published: March 2022

Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk memberikan nilai tambah abu kelapa sawit dan penurunan penggunaan jumlah semen pada pembuatan batako agropolimer. Limbah biomassa industri kelapa sawit mengandung silika (SiO2) yang dapat menggantikan kandungan silika pada semen. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui komposisi kimia abu biomassa kelapa sawit, sifat fisik dan mekanik serta morfologi permukaan batako agropolimer. Batako agropolimer dibuat dari semen:pasir (1:4) dengan variasi penambahan abu kelapa sawit  0; 4,3; 8,6; 12,9; 17,2; dan 21,5% yang telah dimurnikan dengan HCl 3% dan berat total 7500 g. Pembuatan batako agropolimer dilakukan dengan memanfaatkan abu kelapa sawit untuk mengurangi penggunaan semen. Hasil pengujian XRF menunjukkan komposisi paling besar dari abu sebelum dan sesudah pengasaman adalah SiO2 yaitu 50,475% menjadi 56,255%. Hasil uji daya serap air menunjukkan bahwa daya serap air batako meningkat dengan meningkatnya jumlah penambahan silika dari abu biomasa kelapa sawit. Hasil uji densitas rata-rata batako dengan penambahan silika abu kelapa sawit bernilai lebih rendah dari massa jenis yang dimiliki pasir yaitu 2.241 g/cm3. Hasil uji kuat tekan menunjukkan formula 3 memiliki kuat tekan yang optimum yaitu 28.8235294 kg/cm2. Hasil ini didukung oleh hasil analisis SEM formula 3 menunjukkan aglomerasi dan ukuran butir yang tidak homogen dan morfologi permukaan yang lebih padat. Batako yang dihasilkan sesuai SNI SNI 03-0348-1989 kategori IV mutu bata beton pejal B70.
Tingkat Literasi Mahasiswa Politik Islam UIN Raden Fatah Palembang Terhadap Kebijakan Omnibus Law
Authors: Pratama Boma
Published: March 2022

Political Literacy Level is the level of a person's ability to process and understand information while doing the process of reading, writing, and understanding something. In the past, literacy was defined as the ability to read and write. Currently, the term Literacy has begun to be used in more meanings. This study aims to analyze how far the level of political literacy of Islamic politics study program students to the Omnibus Law policy. The sample used in this study were students of the 2017-2020 Islamic Politics study program who are still active at the Faculty of Adab and Humanities. The variable sought in this study is the level of student political literacy on the Omnibus Law policy.The sampling technique used is proportional sampling with predetermined criteria. A sample of 68 students was obtained from 4 batches of the Islamic Politics study program at the Faculty of Adab and Humanities. The data collection technique used is using questionnaires distributed in 4 different batches.The results showed that the level of political literacy of the students of the Islamic Politics Study Program towards the Omnibus Law policy was relatively high, this was evident from the results of the questionnaires that were randomly distributed in 4 different classes showing a high understanding.

Keywords: Literacy Level, Politics, Students, Policy, Omnibus Law.
Rekognisi Sosial Pada Komunitas Minang Persatuan Keluarga Paninggahan dalam Pembentukan Politik Identitas di Palembang
Authors: Fantika fulva Ines Sindi
Published: March 2022

ABSTRAKPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengertahui bagaimana diskursus identitas dalam Komunitas Minang dan untuk mengetahui bagaimana pola perilaku dan tindakan apa saja yang dilakukan etnis minang dalam memperoleh pengakuan dari penduduk lain yang berasal dari latar etnis yang berada di kota palembang. Metode penelitian yang digunakan dalam skripsi ini adalah penelitian kualitatif dengan pendekatan deskriptif yang memiliki langkah-langkah dalam pelaksanaannya, diawali dengan adanya masalah, menentukan informasi yang diperlukan, menentukan prosedur pengumpulan data melalui observasi atau pengamatan, pengelolahan informasi atau data dan menarik kesimpulan penelitian.. Landasan teori dalam skripsi ini adalah teori politik identitas dari Klaus Von Beyme, teori multikulturalisme dari Taylor.Hasil penelitian ini menjunjukan bahwa Rekognisi Sosial Pada Komunitas Minang Dalam Pembentukan Politik Identitas yaitu dalam memperoleh pengakuan dari masyarakat, etnis minang berusaha mengenalkan adat budaya minang di sako palembang, dan disambut baik oleh masyarakat sekitar.

Kata Kunci : Politik Identitas dan komunitas
Apatisme Politik Generasi Milenial di Desa Napallicin Muratara
Authors: Mukminul Julian
Published: March 2022

Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui bagaimana bentuk apatisme generasi milenial terhadap kondisi politik
Risks and challenges to international and Hungarian econo-my in the middle of the decade
Authors: Nagy Katalin , Palócz Éva , Vakhal Péter
Published: March 2022

In 2015, economic growth in Hungary despite of some slowdown remained still dynamic, whilst global growth continued to be slow with new short- and medium term downside risks. The study gives an overview of the international economic and market trends having influence on economic development in Hungary with a special focus on events and problems in the euro area and in the Central-East-European region. It also addresses the macroeconomic and financial processes in Hungary in the course of the last year.
Ensuring balance between data access and data protection
Authors: Vereczkei Zoltán
Published: March 2022

The study, on the one hand, presents the main elements and co-management of the requests for statistical data and the obligation to protect them and, on the other hand, introduces the data access channels of the Hungarian Central Statistical Office that provides balance between data access and data protection.
On selecting a sample by probability proportional to size with second-order inclusion probabilities and without replacement
Authors: Mihályffy László
Published: March 2022

Given appropriate sets of first- and second-order inclusion probabilities, the author provides a method that results in samples including units and pairs of units of the universe with the probabilities specified in advance.
Das unentdeckte Land : Studien zur Erforschung des Todes in der Neuzeit am Beispiel von Totenkronen
Authors:   , Lippok Juliane
Published: March 2022

Das Thema dieser Arbeit sind Totenkronen, die während archäologischer Untersuchungen in Deutschland dokumentiert wurden. In dieser Untersuchung wurden 1039 Totenkronen, die von 163 Fundplätzen stammen, erfasst. Totenkronen waren in der Neuzeit in Gebrauch (16. Jh.–?Anfang 20. Jh.) und wurden in Kirchen aufbewahrt oder den Verstorbenen ins Grab mitgegeben. Verschiedene Formen sind nachweisbar. Meist handelt es sich um filigrane Kränze, deren floral anmutende Ornamente aus Drähten, Glasperlen und organischen Materialien aufgebaut waren. Totenkronen sind Teil der Sepulkralkultur der Neuzeit und Untersuchungsgegenstand verschiedener Disziplinen wie der Neuzeitarchäologie und der europäischen Ethnologie. Während die Praxis, Totenkronen zu stiften, in der Neuzeit weit verbreitet war, war die Existenz von Totenkronen bis in die 1990er Jahre nahezu in Vergessenheit geraten. Totenkronen erlauben ebenso wie andere Grabfunde nicht nur Rückschlüsse auf Bestattungspraktiken, sondern können auch aufschlussreich in Bezug auf die religiösen und sozialen Netze sein, in welche die Verstorbenen eingebunden waren. Totenkronen treten im 16. Jh. erstmals auf und fallen damit mit der Zeit der Reformation zusammen: Es ist daher zu prüfen, inwiefern sie mit den tiefgreifenden gesellschaftlichen Umwälzungsprozessen im Umfeld der Reformation verknüpft waren. Darüber hinaus ist die Neuzeit auch durch einen dynamischen technischen Wandel geprägt, der sich in den zur Herstellung von Totenkronen verwendeten Materialien wie Drähten und Glasperlen niederschlägt. Die Untersuchung dieser Spuren kann Hinweise auf Handel, Handwerk und Datierung liefern. Diese Erkenntnisse sind nicht nur für Totenkronen relevant, da andere neuzeitliche Schmuck- und Kleidungsbestandteile ebenfalls aus diesen Materialien hergestellt wurden. Totenkronen besitzen damit ein großes Erkenntnispotenzial, um die Sepulkralkultur der Neuzeit und ihre kulturgeschichtliche Relevanz besser zu verstehen.
Impacts of Human Development Index and Percentage of Total Population on Poverty using OLS and GWR models in Central Java, Indonesia
Authors: Mahara Duhania Oktasya , Fauzan Achmad
Published: March 2022

Central Java province is one of the provinces with the highest number of poor people on the island of Java, with the number of poor people in 2020 increasing by 0.44 million people from the previous year. Poverty is caused by several factors, one of which is the Human Development Index (HDI) and the Total Population level. Each region has different characteristics from other regions. These differences in characteristics cause more specific spatial effects, namely spatial heterogeneity. Geographically Weighted Regression (GWR) is a statistical method that can analyze spatial heterogeneity by assigning different weights and models to each observation location. This study aims to determine whether the HDI variable and percentage of total population significantly impact the number of poor people in Central Java Province in 2020 without eliminating the spatial effect. There are three groupings of variables that affect the Number of Poor People for GWR with the Adaptive Kernel Bisquare weighting function and four groups for the Adaptive Kernel Tricube weighting function. The Key Performance Indicators (KPI) used are Mean , Akaike Information Criterion (AIC), Absolute Error (MAE), Mean Square Error (MSE), and Mean Absolute Percentage Error (MAPE). Based on these KPIs, the GWR model with the Adaptive Kernel Bisquare weighting function provides better results when compared to the OLS model.
Distributive Characteristics of Hot Dry Rocks in Sedimentary Basins of China: A Study Based on Vitrinite Reflectance of Hydrocarbon Source Rocks
Authors: Jiang Shu , Zhang Chen , Yang Keji , Wang Maoyun , Yuan Haowei
Published: March 2022

Geothermal resources as a type of renewable clean energy are highly contributive to sustainable development. In this study, the geothermal resources in some sedimentary basins of China were characterized, and sedimentary basins from different eras and of different types were discussed. On this basis, the major influence factors on the geothermal resources of different regions were elaborated. The geothermal resource potentials in major sedimentary basins of China were evaluated. The geothermal resources in the sedimentary basins of China are extensively distributed and diverse, which are geologically different from East to West China. The target strata of faulted basins in East China, superimposed basins in Central China, and cratonic basins in West China are mainly Cenozoic strata, Mesozoic strata, and Paleozoic strata, respectively. These target strata experienced different types of thermal events in geological historical periods. The Cenozoic faulted basins in East China are mostly heat basins. The Cenozoic sediments are superthick and largely differ in thickness among regions. The effects of Cenozoic geothermal events and the major controlling factors both differed among regions, and the causes of differences included thermal subsidence activities and magmatic activities. These basins are major potential zones for exploitation of hot dry rocks in China. The Mesozoic superimposed basins in Central China are mostly temperate basins, and the ground temperatures nowadays are mainly controlled by thermal subsidence. The potential target zones of hot dry rocks in these basins are the Paleozoic strata in the southwest of basins, which can develop into medium-temperature geothermal resources. In the Paleozoic cratonic basins in West China, the Paleozoic marine sedimentary strata are the major target strata of hot dry rocks. The Paleozoic volcanic events little affected the formation of hot dry rocks, and the formation of major hot dry rocks relied on superthick sedimentary strata, where middle- to low-temperature geothermal resources developed.
Modification and Application of Limestone HJC Constitutive Model under the Impact Load
Authors: Tian Xingchao , Tao Tiejun , Lou Qianxing , Xie Caijin
Published: March 2022

When the Holmquist-Johnson-Cook (HJC) constitutive model is used to simulate limestone under the impact load, problems of a compaction stage not being characterised and low dynamic peak stress prediction accuracy are observed. The numerical simulation and experimental results were inconsistent. In this study, we proposed a modified HJC constitutive model and parameter determination method. Based on the characteristics of the dynamic stress-strain curve of limestone and relationship between axial and volumetric strains, the linear elastic phase of the state equation of the original HJC constitutive model was modified, and a new state equation was proposed. The yield surface of the original HJC constitutive model was modified on the basis of the sensitivity analysis method and limit surface theory, and a method for determining the parameters of the modified HJC constitutive model of limestone was proposed. The modified model and parameter determination method were experimentally verified using the split Hopkinson pressure bar (SHPB) and a high-speed camera. The results showed that the state equation curve of limestone under the impact load was divided into compaction, linear elastic, and fully compacted stages. After the introduction of the pressure parameters M, P, and Q, the nonlinear change in the stress-strain curve during the compaction stage was highly consistent with the SHPB results. The strength parameters fc, A, B, and N exhibited the maximum impact on the dynamic strength of limestone. After the strength parameters A, B, and N were modified for the yield surface, the prediction accuracy of limestone dynamic peak stress was over 97%, the prediction error rate decreased by more than 10%, and the reliability of numerical simulation results improved. These results can provide a simple and feasible numerical simulation method for the dynamic analysis of rock materials.
CORRELATION ANALYSIS OF NUTRIENTS, ENZYMES, AND MICROBIAL BIOMASS IN SOILS WITH PHENOLICS OF Artemisia annua L.
Authors: Luo Shi-Qiong
Published: March 2022

A correlation analysis of the nutrients, enzymes, and microbial biomass in Artemisia annua L. rhizosphere soil with A. annua phenolics was performed to assess whether the properties of A. annua rhizosphere soil could affect A. annua phenolics. The concentrations of soil nutrients, enzyme activities, microbial biomass C and N, total polyphenols, scopoletin, chrysosplenolD, and chrysosplenetin significantly varied at different sampling sites. The total polyphenols were significantly positively correlated with available K, invertase, and microbial biomass C, but negatively correlated with organic matter, urease, and phosphatase. Significant positive correlation was observed between scopoletin and organic matter, available P, phosphatase, and microbial biomass C and C/N ratio. Chrysosplenol-D was significantly positively related to available K and invertase, and significantly negatively related to phosphatase. Chrysosplenetin was significantly positively related to microbial biomass C, and negatively related to available N. These findings suggested that transformation of soil N and P is promoted by A. annua through activation of rhizosphere enzymes and microorganisms. This is advantageous for the adaptation of A. annua to a wide range of soil environments and influences the metabolic accumulation of A. annua phenolics.
BIOCHEMICAL AND HISTOPATHOLOGICAL INVESTIGATIONS OF HEPATOPROTECTIVE POTENTIAL OF Phoenix dactylifera AGAINST ISONIAZID INDUCED TOXICITY IN ANIMAL MODEL
Authors: Hussain Asif
Published: March 2022

Phoenix dactylifera (Ajwa khajur) is pharmacologically important plant because of its hepatoprotective, nephroprotective, gastroprotective, antihyperlipidemic and anticancerous properties. In present study, hepatoprotective effect of Phoenix dactylifera was observed in adult albino rabbits. Isoniazid (INH) is a first line antitubercular agent but it has hepatotoxicity causing potential due to the generation of reactive oxygen species on its prolong use. Thirty adult albino rabbits of either sex were used in this study. Hepatoprotective potential of date palm was screened by using its two doses i.e. 150mg/kg/day and 300mg/kg/day up to 14 days. Results have shown that experimental animals treatment with date palm significantly prevented elevation of liver function enzymes (AST, ALT and ALP). Alteration in oxidative status parameters (TAC, TOS, MDA and catalase) significantly prevented as compared to isoniazid induced hepatotoxic animals. Also, complete blood count evaluation showed increase in blood cells number. All above findings were also confirmed by histopathological studies. Liver tissue samples showed normal hepatocytes architecture in date palm treated groups. Therefore, from the results we can conclude that Phoenix dactylifera fruit possesses hepatoprotective activity and have a mild hematopoietic effect.
MOBILITY AND DISTRIBUTION OF LEAD IN SOILS TREATED WITH MUNICIPAL SOLID WASTE ASH
Authors: Alghamdi Abdulaziz G
Published: March 2022

Lead (Pb) is an inorganic conservative pollutant poses a risk to soils and water resources. Quantifying the potential hazard impacts of Pb in soils needs further circumstances about its mobility and retention as well. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of municipal solid waste ash (MSWA) on mobility and distribution of Pb in two types of soil textures. The extent of Pb mobilization in soils amended with different application rates of MSWA has been quantified by soil columns experiment under steady state conditions. Transport of Pb was studied in soil columns by applying Pb solution of 150 mg/L at the rate of 0.09 cm/min for loamy sand soil and 0.035 cm/min for sandy loam soil. The mathematical model- HYDRUS-2D was used to describe this transport. The results indicated that Pb concentrations were extremely low in the leaching solutions collected from soil columns over time regardless of the application rates of MSWA. Application of MSWA increased the recovery of Pb in both soils achieving superiority in loamy sand soil. The Pb distributed in the soil columns ranged between soil leaching solutions and sorbed phase, of which the greater portion was in the sorbed phase. Lead move slowly through soils columns and the distance of movement was about 5 cm to the soil surface and then the concentrations decreased down the soil columns and later disappeared beyond a depth of to 7 cm. Mass balance calculations of Pb according to the HYDRUS-2D mathematical model resulted in values that were similar to those of the experimental data (error ≤ 5%). A soil quality indicator is considered as a key element of sustainable agriculture and hence soil quality plays an important role in deciding the MSWA methods.
Culturing Putatively Obligate Epizoic Diatoms: Insights For The Evolution And Ecology Of Diatoms And Their Host
Authors: Ashworth Matt , Majewska Roksana , Frankovich Thomas , Sullivan Michael , Bosak Sunčica , Filek Klara , de Vijver Bart Van , Arendt Michael , Schwenter Jeffrey , Nel Ronel , Robinson Nathan , Gary Meagan , Theriot Edward , Stacy Nicole , Lam Daryl , Perrault Justin , Manire Charles , Manning Schonna
Published: March 2022

Our understanding of the importance of microbiomes on large aquatic animals—such as whales, sea turtles and manatees—has advanced considerably in recent years. Recent activity describing epizoic diatoms suggests that epibiotic diatom communities constitute diverse, polyphyletic, and compositionally stable assemblages that include both putatively obligate epizoic and generalist species. Here, we outline a successful attempt to culture putatively obligate epizoic diatoms without their hosts and propose further applications and research avenues in this growing area of study. Analyzing the DNA sequences of these cultures, we found that several unique diatom taxa have independently evolved to occupy in epibiotic habitats. We created a library of reference sequence data for use in metabarcoding surveys of sea turtle and manatee microbiomes that will further facilitate the use of environmental DNA for studying host specificity in epizoic diatoms and the utility of diatoms as indicators of host ecology and health. Our discovery that epizoic diatoms can be cultured independently from their hosts raises several questions about the nature of the interaction between these diatom species and their hosts. We encourage the interdisciplinary community working with marine megafauna to consider including diatom sampling and diatom analysis into their routine practices.
Perioperative Outcomes Following Robot-Assisted Partial Nephrectomy For Renal Cell Carcinoma According To Surgeon Generation
Authors: Toguchi Makoto , Kondo Tsunenori , Yoshida Kazuhiko , Tanabe Kazunari , Takagi Toshio
Published: March 2022

Objective: The constitutional experience with robot-assisted partial nephrectomy (RAPN) associates with better surgical outcomes. Then, surgeon’s generation may impact on surgical outcomes. We evaluated the perioperative outcomes of RAPN between first- and second-generation surgeons according to the surgeon’s experience.Methods: This study included 529 patients who underwent RAPN for renal cell carcinoma from January 2013 to November 2018. Four specific surgeons performed the surgery. The patients were divided into two groups according to the surgeon: first-generation and second-generation. To reflect the learning curve of RAPN, the surgical outcomes of each case (1-50, 51-100, 101-150) were evaluated between groups. Results: Although significant differences in patient and tumor characteristics were not observed between the two groups, there was a trend of a higher rate of high complexity tumors in the first-generation group than in the second-generation group, although not statistically significant. The second-generation group had a shorter operation time in cases 1-50 (169 min vs. 188 min, p = 0.0001), 51-100 (145 min vs. 169 min, p = 0.008), and 101-150 (142 min vs. 165 min, p = 0.009), than the first-generation group. Although shorter WIT and higher trifecta achievement were observed in the second-generation group compared to the first-generation group between 1 to 50 cases, the difference was not noted between 51-100 cases and 101-150 cases. Conclusion: Second-generation surgeons had better surgical outcomes than first-generation surgeons, especially during the early experience period, which might result from their assistant experience, sophisticated surgical procedures refined by the first-generation, and the first-generation surgeon’s introduction.
The Vulnerability of Shallow Groundwater on a Small Tropical Indonesian Island
Authors: Marganingrum Dyah , Santoso Heru , Wulan Diana Rahayuning , Sudrajat Yayat , Yulianto Eko , Barid Vera Bararah , Triyono Triyono
Published: March 2022

Small islands depend on rainwater as a source of water. Climate variability affects changes in groundwater chemistry on small islands. Pari Island is one such small island, located in Indonesia, with an area of 41.32 ha and a population of 1,441. This study aims to assess the vulnerability of groundwater quality to climate variability based on observations from Pari Island, including the influence of tourism on groundwater. The study used traditional hydrochemistry analysis methods (Piper, Durof, Scholler, and Gibb’s diagrams), a questionnaire survey, and Standardized Precipitation Evapotranspiration Index (SPEI) analysis. The results indicate a strong correlation between SPEI-2 and the total dissolved solid content of groundwater, demonstrating that two-monthly interval precipitation has an impact on groundwater quality. The hydro chemical analysis of samples taken from dug wells shows that, geographically, the influence of climate variability on Pari Island weakened from west to east, corresponding to patterns related to the direction of the monsoon winds of tropical Indonesia. Increased tourism worsened groundwater vulnerability due to increased water demand and resultant wastewater load.
Transfer of Fusarium Head Blight Resistance QTL from PI277012 to Winter Wheat
Authors: Ganaparthi Venkata rao , Adhikari Sagar , Marais Francois , Neupane Bipin , Bisek Bradley
Published: March 2022

Fusarium head blight (FHB) causes substantial wheat grain yield and quality losses. Host resistance is conditioned by numerous small effect quantitative trait loci (QTL) that are strongly affected by the environment and genetic background. Genetic resistance is partial but crucial for effective, integrated management of the disease. Qfhb.rwg-5A.1 and Qfhb.rwg-5A.2 (PI277012) are two recently discovered resistance QTL that also occur in spring wheat GP80 (PI277012 derivative). To transfer the PI277012 resistance to hard winter wheat (HWW), GP80 was first crossed with Novus-4. The F1 hybrid was crossed with SY Monument, following which marker-selected progeny were crossed with, and backcrossed to, ND Noreen. To identify likely resistance carriers among the 22 F1 of the ND Noreen cross, simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers, Illumina 90K single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) haplotypes and greenhouse FHB Type II resistance tests were done. Likely homozygotes for Qfhb.rwg.5A.1 and Qfhb.rwg.5A.2, were selected and backcrossed to ND Noreen. In the B1F1, 131 plants were evaluated for SNP haplotypes, SSR markers and FHB resistance. Nine B1F2:3 lines were derived, and their resistance confirmed in a third greenhouse FHB trial. The results suggested that eight lines had resistance comparable to GP80 with the Qfhb.rwg-5A.2 markers occurring in all eight and the Qfhb.rwg-5A.1 markers occurring in four lines. The eight selections constitute a valuable HWW resistance breeding resource.
Prevention of relapse in Drug Sensitive Pulmonary Tuberculosis patients with and without Vitamin D3 supplementation: A double blinded randomized control clinical trial
Authors: Sinha Sanjeev , Thukral Himanshu , Shareef Imtiyaz , Desai Devashish , Singh Binit , Das Bimal Kumar , Dhooria Sahajal , Sarin Rohit , Singla Rupak , Meena Saroj Kumari , Pandey R. M. , Pandey Shivam , Behera Digambar , Sethi Sunil , Kajal Ashumeet , Yadav Rakesh , Aggarwal Ashutosh Nath , Bhadada Sanjay
Published: March 2022

Background: The immunomodulatory effects of vitamin D are widely recognized and a few studies have been conducted to determine its utility in the treatment of tuberculosis, with mixed results. This study was conducted to see if vitamin D supplementation in patients with active pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) in the Indian population contributed to sputum smear and culture conversion as well as the prevention of relapse.Methods: This randomized double-blind placebo-controlled trial was conducted in three sites in India. HIV negative participants aged 15-60 years with sputum smear positive PTB were recruited according to the Revised National Tuberculosis Control Program guidelines and were randomly assigned (1:1) to receive standard anti-tubercular treatment (ATT) with either supplemental dose of oral vitamin D3 (60,000 IU/sachet weekly for first two months, fortnightly for next four months followed by monthly for the next 18 months) or placebo with same schedule. The primary outcome was relapse of PTB and secondary outcomes were time to conversion of sputum smear and sputum culture.Results: A total of 846 subjects were enrolled between February 1, 2017 to February 27, 2021, and randomly assigned to receive either 60,000 IU vitamin D3 (n = 424) or placebo (n = 422) along with standard ATT. Among the 697 who were cured of PTB, relapse occurred in 14 participants from the vitamin D group and 19 participants from the placebo group (hazard risk ratio 0.68, 95%CI 0.34 to 1.37, log rank p value 0.29). Similarly, no statistically significant difference was seen in time to sputum smear and sputum culture conversion between both groups. Five patients died each in vitamin D and placebo groups, but none of the deaths were attributable to the study intervention. Serum levels of vitamin D were significantly raised in the vitamin D group as compared to the placebo group, with other blood parameters not showing any significant difference between groups.Conclusions: The study reveals that vitamin D supplementation does not seem to have any beneficial effect in the treatment of PTB in terms to the prevention of relapse and time to sputum smear and culture conversion.Trial registration: The trial protocol was registered with the ICMR, Clinical Trial Registry – India Trial registration number: CTRI/2021/02/030977 ( date of first registration-03/02/2021).
Additive rule of real and reciprocal space topologies at disclinations
Authors: Liu Feng , He Qinghua , Sun Jinhua , Deng Hai-Yao , Wakabayashi Katsunori
Published: March 2022

Topological materials are renowned for their ability to harbor robust states localized at their surfaces, edges, and corners. Accompanying the formation of these topological states, fractional charges appear on peripheral unit cells. Recently, bound states and fractional charges at disclinations of crystallographic defects induced by nontrivial bulk topological invariants have been theoretically predicted and experimentally confirmed. This is the so-called bulk-disclination correspondence. Here, besides the bulk-disclination correspondence, we demonstrate an additive rule between the real-space topological invariant s of disclinations (related to the Burgers vector B) and the reciprocal-space topological invariant p of bulk wave functions (related to Wannier center). We find that the bound states and fractional charges concur at a disclination center only if s +p/2π is topologically nontrivial; otherwise, no bound state forms even if fractional charges are trapped. Besides the dissociation of fractional charges from bound states, the additive rule also dictates the existence of half-bound states extending over only half of a sample and ultra-stable bound states protected by both real-space and reciprocal-space topologies. Our results add another dimension to the ongoing study of topological matter, which bridges the classical real-space topologies of crystallographic defects to the reciprocal-space topologies of quantum wave functions.
Understanding the role of GLUT2 in dysglycemia associated with Fanconi-Bickel syndrome
Authors: Sharari Sanaa , Kabeer Basirudeen , Mohammed Idris , Haris Basma , Pavlovski Igor , Hawari Iman , Bhat Ajaz Ahmad , Toufiq Mohammed , Tomei Sara , Mathew Rebecca , Syed Najeeb , Nisar Sabah , Maacha Selma , Grivel Jean-Charles , Chaussabel Damien , Ericsson Johan , MBChB Khalid Hussain
Published: March 2022

Fanconi–Bickel Syndrome (FBS) is a rare disorder of carbohydrate metabolism that is characterized by the accumulation of glycogen mainly in the liver. It is inherited in an autosomal recessive manner due to mutations in the SLC2A2 gene. SLC2A2 encodes for the glucose transporter GLUT2 and is expressed in tissues that are involved in glucose homeostasis. The molecular mechanisms of dysglycemia in FBS are still not clearly understood. In this study, we report two cases of FBS with classical phenotypes of FBS associated with dysglycemia. Genomic DNA was extracted and analyzed by whole-genome and Sanger sequencing, and patient PBMCs were used for molecular analysis. One patient had an exonic SLC2A2 mutation (c.1093C > T in exon 9, R365X), while the other patient had a novel intronic SLC2A2 mutation (c.613-7T>G). Surprisingly, the exonic mutation resulted in the overexpression of dysfunctional GLUT2, resulting in the dysregulated expression of other glucose transporters. The intronic mutation did not affect the coding sequence of GLUT2, its expression, or glucose transport activity. However, it was associated with the expression of miRNAs correlated with type 1 diabetes mellitus, with a particular significant overexpression of hsa-miR-29a-3p implicated in insulin production and secretion. Our findings suggest that SLC2A2 mutations cause dysglycemia in FBS either by a direct effect on GLUT2 expression and/or activity or, indirectly, by the dysregulated expression of miRNAs implicated in glucose homeostasis.
Lived experiences of 3rd June twin disaster victims in Ghana
Authors: DZIWORNU EMMANUEL
Published: March 2022

Disasters have become a common threat to many societies across the globe. In developing communities, there is severe impact as disasters tend to wash away the little gains they have made. As much as there are community level effects, disasters leave significant individual impacts that deserve attention. This qualitative study study used the phenomenological approach to explore the lived experiences of 13 victims of the 3rd June, 2015 flood/fire disaster in Accra, Ghana. It was found that victims perceive the cause of the disaster to include engineering failures and anti-environmental behaviours. Their experiences include biographical disruption such as disfigurement, death and loss of property, and psychological impacts such as anxiety, behavioural changes and mood effects. Participants’ adjustment experiences involve societal, and family level intervention, spiritual support and post disaster vulnerability issues. It is concluded that the struggles of disaster victims in Ghana are real and that there is the need for comprehensive intervention and support for victims. The implications of the findings regarding are discussed.
The formation of explosive volcanos at the circum-Pacific convergent margin
Authors: Sun Wei-Dong , Tian Fanfan , Wang Kun , Xie Guozhi
Published: March 2022

The circum-Pacific convergent margin is known as “the Ring of Fire”, with abundant volcano eruptions1. Gigantic eruptions are rare but very disastrous. It remains obscure how are large disastrous volcanos formed2,3 and where are the danger zones4-6 in the near future. Here we show that the three largest eruptions since 1900, the Hunga Tonga-Hunga Ha’apai, the Mount Pinatubo and the Novarupta volcanos, are all associated with subductions of volatile rich sediments and slab windows in the subducting plate underneath. Among them, the newly erupted Hunga Tonga-Hunga Ha’apai volcano is closely concomitant with the subduction of the Louisville Seamount Trail, whereas the Mount Pinatubo volcano is right next to the subducting fossil ridge of the South China Sea. Both seamount chains have water depths much shallower than the carbonate compensation depths in the Pacific Ocean. The water depths of the Pacific plate subducting underneath the Novarupta volcano are also shallower than the carbonate compensation depths. Therefore, these subducting slabs contain abundant carbonates. Slab windows expose the mantle wedge directly to the hot asthenosphere, which increases the temperature and dramatically promotes the partial melting of the carbonate-fluxed mantle wedge, forming volatile-rich magmas that powered explosive eruptions. Slab window and subduction of carbonate are the two most important favorable conditions for catastrophic eruptions. Considering that the Mount Fuji meets both criteria, it may be classified into a danger zone for catastrophic volcano eruptions.
A Pilot Study Using Two Novel fMRI Tasks: Understanding Theory of Mind and Emotion Recognition Among Children With ASD
Authors: Han Yu , Prelock Patricia , Coderre Emily , Orr Joseph
Published: March 2022

Children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) struggle with social interactions due to deficits in theory of mind (ToM). In this study, we collected behavioral and neuroimaging data from 9 children with ASD and 19 neurotypical children between the age of 7 and 14 years old, particularly in the area of emotion recognition to better understand those skills needed for meaningful social interaction. The results suggest impaired abilities in multiple ToM metrics and brain deficits associated with ToM-related emotion recognition and processing among children with ASD. Findings from this study are expected to establish connections between behavior and brain activities surrounding ToM in ASD, which may assist the development of neuroanatomical diagnostic criteria and provide a way to measure intervention outcomes.