bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Study of significance of bone marrow microvessel density in myeloproliferative neoplasms in correlation with CD34 blasts, mast cell count and fibrosis
Authors: Thomas Kesiya , Rao Ranjitha , G V Chaithra , Rai Sharada , Rao A R Sneha , Basavaraju Vatsala Kudurugundi
Published: May 2023

Background: Myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPN) are clonal hematopoietic stem cell diseases characterised by myeloid cell growth from one or more lineages. Angiogenesis, in contrast to other subtypes, plays a substantial role in the pathophysiology of primary myelofibrosis (PMF). Research expressing the correlation of microvessel density (MVD), blasts, fibrosis and mast cell count in MPN cases are rarely conducted. We aimed to study the significance of MVD in correlation with CD34 blasts, mast cells and fibrosis in bone marrow biopsies of MPN patients.

Methods: The current research was a cross sectional study conducted on 66 cases diagnosed as MPN during a six-year period. This comprised of 32 chronic myeloid leukemia (CML), 31 PMF and three essential thrombocythemia (ET) cases. Routine staining along with reticulin stain to look for fibrosis and immunohistochemistry (IHC) using CD34 and mast cell tryptase (MCT) were performed.

Results: We found increased MVD in PMF, when compared to CML and ET (p = 0.042). Further, mean MVD was observed to be increased with high blast counts (p = 0.036). On follow up, raised mean MVD was seen in those cases with relapse/deceased as compared to disease-free patients, which was highly significant (p = 0.000).

Conclusions: Increased MVD score was mostly associated with PMF subtype among all the MPNs. Further, higher MVD was observed to be associated with increased blast count and poor prognosis. With angiogenesis playing a critical role in disease outcome, we now have drugs to regulate angiogenesis that are supported by contemporary research. However, further studies with larger cohorts to establish the theranostic role of MVD in MPNs is recommended.
ROOTS - Circular policies for changing the biowaste system
Authors: Suárez Miguel Ángel , Gambuzzi Elisa , Soriano Disla José M. , Castejón Gemma , Poggiaroni Giulio , Ling James
Published: May 2023

The circular economy has a huge potential to make our societies more sustainable and decarbonised, with a reduced impact on the planet’s resources. The deployment of innovative solutions in the field of urban biowaste valorisation and reuse is still hindered by numerous bottlenecks, such as technological readiness, funding and financing tools availability, quality and quantity of biowaste and regulatory barriers. The European Green Deal and associated legislative initiatives provide the opportunity to overcome the last ones.

To promote innovative solutions for the European circular bioeconomy and help to overcome the barriers for the deployment of a circular bioeconomy, five Horizon 2020 projects working on biowaste valorisation have teamed up. This joint initiative is named ROOTS - circulaR pOlicies for changing the biOwasTe System. The projects HOOP, VALUEWASTE, SCALIBUR, WaysTUP! and CITYLOOPS are piloting new solutions to transform urban biowaste (food waste and green waste) and wastewater into valuable products like feed, fertilisers, bioplastics, biopesticides, proteins and bioethanol. They use different processes and technologies, but they all rely on high levels of recycling/upcycling and propose valorisation solutions relevant to the uptake of a truly circular bioeconomy.

As a result of the work performed and experience acquired, a number of bottlenecks have been identified, on the following topics: biowaste prevention, recycling targets and treatment plants, waste and by-products, biopesticides, insects for animal feed, single cell protein, citizen behaviour, investment needs.

For each identified bottleneck, this open letter proposes specifically 1) policy recommendations for each level of governance, and 2) information about solutions, good practices and concrete experiences from the participating projects.
Dynamics of single mothers’ semantic strategies in Anglophone non-fiction
Authors: Sergeev Dmitrii
Published: May 2023

The article discusses how the increasing number of self-help books for single mothers is meeting the demand for positive narratives about their experiences, which are often stereotyped in the media. The books offer a powerful tool for self-reflection, and critical discourse analysis reveals semantic strategies that authors use to construct, negotiate, and reframe single motherhood. The authors aim to challenge societal expectations and redefine what constitutes a family. There are still conflicting messages that perpetuate negative stereotypes and stigmas about single mothers, creating an identity crisis. The seven principal semantic strategies applied in the texts include reframing, renaming, normalization, direct or indirect confrontations, distinctions, self-labelling, and vernacular. By using semantic strategies, authors aim to empower single mothers, challenge negative stereotypes, and create a sense of community. While there are limitations to the self-help genre, it remains a powerful tool for self-reflection, self-empowerment, and the construction of identity.
scikit-matter : A Suite of Generalisable Machine Learning Methods Born out of Chemistry and Materials Science
Authors: Goscinski Alexander , Principe Victor Paul , Fraux Guillaume , Kliavinek Sergei , Helfrecht Benjamin Aaron , Loche Philip , Ceriotti Michele , Cersonsky Rose Kathleen
Published: May 2023

Easy-to-use libraries such as scikit-learn have accelerated the adoption and application of machine learning (ML) workflows and data-driven methods. While many of the algorithms implemented in these libraries originated in specific scientific fields, they have gained in popularity in part because of their generalisability across multiple domains. Over the past two decades, researchers in the chemical and materials science community have put forward general-purpose machine learning methods. The deployment of these methods into workflows of other domains, however, is often burdensome due to the entanglement with domain-specific functionalities. We present the python library scikit-matter that targets domain-agnostic implementations of methods developed in the computational chemical and materials science community, following the scikit-learn API and coding guidelines to promote usability and interoperability with existing workflows.
Charakterystyka wybranych roślin leczniczych pochodzących z Iraku
Authors: Noaema Ali Hulail , Sawicka Barbara , Kiełtyka-Dadasiewicz Anna , Skiba Dominika , Krochmal-Marczak Barbara
Published: May 2023

W pracy scharakteryzowano najważniejsze rośliny szeroko stosowane w Iraku do celów leczniczych. Zastosowano metodę opisową na podstawie danych literaturowych. Badania wykazały, że wiele roślin leczniczych stosowanych w Iraku, a należących do różnych rodzin botanicznych wykorzystywano w medycynie tradycyjnej do leczenia chorób. W niniejszej pracy przedstawiono 10 najważniejszych roślin należących do 9 rodzin botanicznych, które były i są nadal wykorzystane i używane jako rośliny lecznicze. Większość rodzimych roślin wciąż wymaga szczegółowych badań, które mogą dostarczyć wielu interesujących danych. Znajomość tradycyjnej wiedzy i roślinleczniczych może odegrać kluczową rolę w eksploatacji i odkrywaniu naturalnych zasobów roślinnych w Iraku.
Review of upcoming and currently available anti-obesity drugs in Europe
Authors: Gryszkiewicz Patryk , Szydło Jakub , Starownik Jakub , Wędrychowski Jan , Zabielska Bernadeta
Published: May 2023

Obesity is a chronic metabolic disease currently holding status of an epidemic. Number of patients suffering from this condition has been steadily increasing for over 50 years. Complications and comorbidities related to obesity, such as hypertension, diabetes mellitus type 2, coronary artery disease and dyslipidemia are currently the main causes of death in Europe. Therefore, effective anti-obesity treatment as a pharmacological support for weight loss is highly recommended in overweight and obese patients as a therapeutic and preventive measure. This review focuses on selected therapeutic options available for clinicians in Europe.
Logic as applied Mathematics – with Particular Application to the Notion of Logical Form
Authors: Priest Graham
Published: May 2023

The word ‘logic’ has many senses. Here we will understand it as meaning an account of what follows from what and why. With contemporary methodology, logic in this sense – though it may not always have been thought of in this way – is a branch of applied mathematics. This has various implications for how one understands a number of issues concerning validity. In this paper I will explain this perspective of logic, and explore some of its consequences with respect to the notion of logical form.
Treatment of depression with a combination of mirtazapine and venlafaxine - a literature review
Authors: Szwedkowicz Agata , Miszuda Sławomir , Trojan Sara , Fussek-Styga Urszula , Błaszczyk Agnieszka , Kwieciński Jakub , Basiaga Bartosz , Bednarz Krzysztof , Leśniak Marek , Heluszka Jakub
Published: May 2023

Clinical depression is a psychiatric disorder characterized by symptoms such as loss of interest and pleasure from typically enjoyable activities (anhedonia), pervasive low mood, and diminished energy leading to excessive fatigue and lower activity which have been present in a patient for at least two weeks. Available therapies consist primarily of pharmacological intervention. Indeed, some groups of medications such as SSRIs, SNRIs, TCA’s and tetracyclic antidepressants have been used to treat depression for decades, frequently in combinations. An example of such a combination is “California Rocket Fuel” composed of venlafaxine and mirtazapine
 
Objective:
 
To review the current literature on the efficacy of the combination of venlafaxine and mirtazapine in treating clinical depression both in drug-resistant depression and as a first-line option. To explore the risks and benefits of this choice of therapy and discuss its potential mechanism of action.
 
Methods:
 
Literature review of Pubmed, Google Scholar, Science Direct, and available medical textbooks.
 
Conclusions:
Treatment with venlafaxine and mirtazapine is safe, especially for drug-resistant depression. It is worth considering adding venlafaxine to already ongoing pharmacotherapy with mirtazapine when the patient experiences sleepiness and the symptoms of depression have not been sufficiently reduced. Augmenting venlafaxine treatment with mirtazapine also seems necessary when the patient complains of insomnia. One may consider implementing such therapy as a first-line treatment in patients who suffer from depression for a long time and experience insomnia in its course.
Modern methods of obesity treatment - review of the literature
Authors: Zygmunt-Siembida Ewelina , Wróblewska Hubert , Zimna Aleksandra , Wróblewska Kinga , Kozdra Magdalena , Piasek Laura , Osińska Aleksandra
Published: May 2023

Introduction and aim of the study: Obesity is not only increases the risk of developing other diseases, but is itself a chronic disease. It is characterized by a lack of tendency to spontaneous resolution and a tendency to relapse. The growing number of patients facing obesity and its consequences prompts the search for newer and newer methods of its treatment. The aim of this paper is to discuss modern methods of obesity therapy, aimed at reducing the risk of its consequences, both health, psychological, social and economic.
Methods and materials: This literature review is based on articles published in the PubMed database from 2016 to 2023, using the following phrases: "obesity risk factors", "obesity treatment", "diagnosis of obesity", "GLP -1 obesity".
State of knowledg: We now know that obesity is a disease that needs to be treated. The goal of therapy is not only to achieve the target body weight, but also to reduce the risk of disease and improve the control of coexisting diseases.
Conclusion: Obesity is a disease that requires interdisciplinary treatment based on behavioral therapy including changing the lifestyle to a healthier one, psychological support and pharmacological, and in some cases, surgical treatment.
Specyfika staropolszczyzny a anotacja gramatyczna. O potrzebie nowych wartości kategorii
Authors: Rojszczak-Robińska Dorota , Wismont Magdalena , Zalejarz Kinga , Deskur Aleksandra , Nowak-Pasterska Ewa
Published: May 2023

OLD POLISH LANGUAGE SPECIFICITY AND GRAMMATICAL ANNOTATION: ON THE NEED FOR NEW CATEGORY VALUES
The paper is focused on the grammatical annotation of Old Polish texts. The authors discuss the necessity to use unusual grammatical category values: 0 and X. It occurs when any of the values is impossible to determine (e.g. due to damage to the manuscript or insufficient syntactic/semantic context) or a word takes no value in a given category (e.g. an unstated adjective). The article presents factors influencing the choice of 0 and X values. It shows those grammatical classes and categories in whose annotation the use of these values has been highly significant.
Barokowa polszczyzna w internecie, czyli Elektroniczny słownik języka polskiego XVII i XVIII wieku
Authors: Adamiec Dorota , Gruszczyński Włodzimierz , Majdak Magdalena , Żółtak Mateusz
Published: May 2023

BAROQUE POLISH IN THE INTERNET OR THE ELECTRONIC DICTIONARY OF POLISH IN THE 17TH AND 18TH CENTURIES
In 2021, the Electronic Dictionary of Polish Language of the 17th and 18th Centuries (e-SXVII) was given the 4th edition Award of the Linguistics Committee of the Polish Academy of Sciences for outstanding scientific achievements in the field of linguistics. The award was granted in the category of team work carried out by Prof. Włodzimierz Gruszczyński PhD together with the Studio of the History of Polish Language of the 17th and 18th Centuries IJP PAN under his management, where e-SXVII is being created. The dictionary has been recognized as “an achievement in producing linguistic resources or tools”. The article reports on the history of the studio and introduces the evolution of conceptual works, especially after the decision to suspend further publication of SXVII in paper form (2004) and transform it into the first Polish dictionary created initially in the electronic form. It also deals with detailed issues regarding the canon of sources, structure and content (shape) of individual elements of the entry and media structure, and relations with other digital collections (especially the Electronic Corpus of Polish Texts from the 17th and 18th Centuries). The authors of the article also describe an important IT tool created for the needs of this dictionary.
Onomastyka otwarta. Współczesne kierunki rozwoju polskich badań nad nazwami własnymi
Authors: Rutkowski Mariusz
Published: May 2023

OPEN ONOMASTICS: CONTEMPORARY TRENDS IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF POLISH RESEARCH ON PROPER NAMES Onomastics is traditionally treated as a subdiscipline of linguistics. Despite the close relationship between onomastics and methods of research on names derived from linguistics, a current in the development of onomastics based on other traditions and achievements in various scientific disciplines has also become popular in recent years. Given Antoni Furdal’s concept of open linguistics, one can refer to them as onomastics becoming open to perspectives and methodological frameworks beyond linguistics. In this article, the most significant types of such achievements in contemporary Polish onomastics are discussed, and a brief comment on them is made. The author discusses the changes in the subject of the research, including the methodology, as well as the processes of the permeation of paradigms and drawing inspiration from other social sciences.
O nazwach handlowych polskich miodów pitnych – między tradycją a nowoczesnością
Authors: Mazur Rafał
Published: May 2023

TRADE NAMES OF POLISH MEADS – BETWEEN TRADITION AND MODERNITY
The aim of the study is to analyze and classify the trade names of Polish meads. The research material consists of 256 names of liquors which were divided into two groups: names of direct motivation and names of conventional motivation. The analysis of the motivation of the collected onyms made it possible for the author to highlight two marketing strategies used in the promotion of mead. On the one hand, a large group of names presents honey as a traditional alcohol with a long history. On the other hand, the motivations of many of the collected chrematonyms follow the opposite tendency, which is an attempt to present mead as a modern, interesting and intriguing alcohol.
Krakuś, radomek, warszewik i gdańskmen – uwagi o ekspresywnej potencji słowotwórczej wybranych nazw miast
Authors: Pilińska Anna
Published: May 2023

KRAKUŚ, RADOMEK, WARSZEWIK AND GDAŃSKMEN: COMMENTS ON THE EXPRESSIVE VOCABULARY POTENCY OF SELECTED CITY NAMES
The article presents the characteristics and analysis of expressive words motivated by the names of places: Brussels, Warsaw, Gdańsk, Kraków, Radom and Kraśnik. The cities with the highest participation in public discourse were selected. These lexemes, apart from their basic meaning, gained secondary meanings, often created as a result of metonymization, stereotyping, and the consolidation of negative associations or connotations. The collected material was grouped and presented in word-formative nests.
Pricing for the Stars: Dynamic Pricing in the Presence of Rating Systems
Authors: Carnehl Christoph , Stenzel André , Schmidt Peter
Published: May 2023

Maintaining good ratings increases the profits of sellers on online platforms. We analyze the role of strategic pricing for ratings management in a setting where a monopolist sells a good of unknown quality. Higher prices reduce the value for money, which on average worsens reviews. However, higher prices also induce only those consumers with a strong taste for the product to purchase, which on average improves reviews. Our model flexibly parametrizes the two effects. This parametrization can rationalize the observed heterogeneity in the relationship between reviews and prices. Based on an analytic characterization of the optimal dynamic pricing strategy, we study a platform’s choice of the sensitivity of its rating system to incoming reviews. The optimal sensitivity depends on the effect of prices on reviews and on how the platform weighs consumers and sellers in its objective. Although sellers always benefit from more sensitivity, consumers may suffer from higher prices and from slower learning from reviews due to endogenously emerging price and rating cycles.

This paper was accepted by Kartik Hosanagar, information systems.

Funding: This work was supported by the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft [CRC TR 224, Project C3].

Supplemental Material: The online appendix is available at https://doi.org/10.1287/mnsc.2023.4771 .
A One-Factor Model of Corporate Bond Premia
Authors: Elkamhi Redouane , Jo Chanik , Nozawa Yoshio
Published: May 2023

A one-factor model based on long-run consumption growth explains the risk premiums on corporate bond portfolios sorted on credit rating, credit spreads, downside risk, idiosyncratic volatility, long-term reversals, maturity, and sensitivity to the financial intermediary capital factor. The estimated risk-aversion coefficient is lower when we use the consumption growth of wealthy households over a longer horizon as a risk factor, and a model with a 20-quarter horizon yields a risk-aversion coefficient of 15, a value similar to the one estimated from equity portfolios.

This paper was accepted by Bruno Biais, finance.

Funding: Y. Nozawa acknowledges funding from the Center for Investing at the Hong Kong University and Science and Technology.

Supplemental Material: The data files and online appendix are available at https://doi.org/10.1287/mnsc.2023.4784 .
Managing Operations of a Hog Farm Facing Volatile Markets: Inventory and Selling Strategies
Authors: Kouvelis Panos , Liu Ye , Qiu Yunzhe , Turcic Danko
Published: May 2023

Problem definition: We study a dynamic finishing-stage planning problem of a pork producer who at the beginning of each week gets to see how many market-ready hogs she has available for sale and the current market prices. Then, she must decide which hogs to sell to a meatpacker and on the open market and which hogs to hold until the following week. The farmer is contracted to deliver a fixed quantity of hogs to the meatpacker each week priced according to a contractually predetermined market index. If the farmer underdelivers to the meatpacker, she pays a contractually predetermined unit penalty also linked to a market index. Biosecurity protocols prevent the farmer from buying hogs on the open market and selling them to the meatpacker. The farmer can, however, use the open market to sell hogs for prevailing market prices. Methodology/Results: We treat the problem as a dynamic, multiitem, nonstationary inventory problem with multiple sources of uncertainty. The optimal policy is a threshold policy with multiple price-dependent thresholds. The computational complexity required to evaluate the thresholds is the biggest impediment to using the optimal policy as a decision-support tool. So, we utilize an approximate dynamic programming approach that exploits the optimal policy structure and produces a sharp heuristic that is easy to implement. Managerial implications: Numerical experiments calibrated to a pork producer’s data reveal that the optimal policy with the heuristically estimated thresholds substantially improves the existing practice (around 25% on average). The success of the proposed model is attributed to recognizing the value of holding underweight hogs and effectively hedging supply uncertainty and future prices—an insight missed in the planning actions of the current practice.

Supplemental Material: The online appendix is available at https://doi.org/10.1287/msom.2023.1216 .
An Exponential Cone Programming Approach for Managing Electric Vehicle Charging
Authors: Chen Li , He Long , Zhou Yangfang (Helen)
Published: May 2023

In “An Exponential Cone programming Approach for Managing Electric Vehicle Charging,” Chen, He, and Zhou propose a novel ECP approach to solving large-scale optimization of electric vehicle charging in public stations such as EVgo. Other than the stochastic arrivals of customers with different arrival/departure times and charging requirements, charging stations routinely incur high demand charges, costs related to the highest per-period total electricity used in a billing cycle, which can be as high as 70% of the total electricity bill. For the case with unlimited chargers, the authors characterize the theoretical performances of the ECP approach. For the case with limited chargers, the authors construct an ECP leveraging the idea from distributionally robust optimization and show in a data-calibrated numerical study that it performs better than common approaches, considering many practical implementation issues. The authors’ method of constructing ECPs can be potentially applicable to approximate more general two-stage stochastic programs.
Technical Note—A Note on State-Independent Policies in Network Revenue Management
Authors: Manchiraju Chandrasekhar , Dawande Milind , Janakiraman Ganesh
Published: May 2023

For a variety of practical reasons, including ease of understanding and familiarity for customers, firms use static-pricing algorithms in which product prices remain unchanged over time. In a multiproduct setting with no demand substitutability or complementarity between products, prior work has shown that static-pricing algorithms can offer excellent performance. In “A Note on State-Independent Policies in Network Revenue Management,” Manchiraju, Dawande, and Janakiraman extend that work and show that static-pricing algorithms offer a near-optimal performance even in the presence of demand substitutability and complementarity.
Comorbid Insomnia and Sleep Apnea (COMISA) – a real problem for psychiatrists, pulmonologists, and primary care physicians
Authors: Ryczkowski Aleksander , Rudnicka-Drożak Ewa , Karakuła Kaja
Published: May 2023

Introduction: Insomnia and obstructive sleep apnea are among the most common sleep-wake disorders. A relatively new category of disorders, studied more thoroughly for only a few years, is the occurrence of symptoms of both obstructive sleep apnea and insomnia in one patient and treating it as a different disease entity. This phenomenon is increasingly referred to as COMISA (Co-morbid insomnia and sleep apnea).
The aim of this paper is to: 1) draw attention to this interesting issue, 2) show treatment differences of COMISA from isolated insomnia or obstructive sleep apnea and to help choose better therapy by general practitioners, pulmonologists, and psychiatrists for these patients.
Materials and methods: The literature review was based on a search of articles in Medline, PubMed, and Google Scholar from 2012 to 2023 using the keywords: obstructive sleep apnea; insomnia; cognitive behavioral therapy for insomnia; continuous positive airway pressure; COMISA. The analysis included original studies, meta-analyses, and review articles.
Discussion: The prevalence of both diseases in patients is importantly higher than in the general population. Many patients with COMISA or OSA alone remain undiagnosed. The most common examination of OSA requires a hospital stay to perform polysomnography or polygraphy (2). A lot of people are not willing to go through with the diagnostic process.
Conclusions: It is important that during the standard medical history, doctors take into account the possibility of co-occurrence of these diseases, due to the high risk of not diagnosing them on time.

Keywords: Obstructive sleep apnea, Insomnia, Cognitive behavioral therapy for insomnia, Continuous positive airway pressure, COMISA
Visualidades da Cultura Surda: grupo Deaf View/Image Art
Authors: Carneiro Isabel Almeida , Waltenberg Layla
Published: May 2023

Buscamos neste ensaio apontar contribuições da produção artística elaborada com a experiência da surdez, à luz do movimento De’VIA (Deaf View/Image Art).  Devido à marginalização de trabalhos e artistas que não integram o sistema da arte contemporânea, elencamos artistas e coletivos nacionais e internacionais que, muitas vezes utilizando as línguas de sinais, expressam em seus trabalhos visuais a luta por reconhecimento e visibilidade da cultura surda.
O RACISMO COTIDIANO: UM CASO DE PESQUISA ETNOGRÁFICA NA CIBERCULTURA
Authors: Araujo Veloso Maristela Midlej , Dos Santos Edmea Oliveira , Borges Sales Kathia Marise
Published: May 2023

O artigo apresenta um estudo de pesquisa etnográfica na cibercultura sobre um caso de racismo com grande repercussão nas mídias, etnografando rastros deixados pelas praticantes culturais em diferentes espaçostempos online. Toma como inspiração a abordagem multirreferencial de pesquisa para a descrição e análise dos fatos, desenvolvendo uma discussão sobre a pesquisa etnográfica online na cibercultura, as redes educativas e os espaços multirreferenciais, como opção metodológica e campo de pesquisa. Problematiza o racismo cotidiano a partir das noções subsunçoras, achados que se revelaram no percurso da pesquisa: a supremacia branca e o colonialismo; o privilégio das pessoas brancas; a ausência de representatividade e a identidade das pessoas negras. Aponta propostas e caminhos possíveis por uma luta antirracista reconhecendo a educação como campo central da luta, na qual a opção pela neutralidade não existe. Entre as considerações possíveis, destaca a necessidade da constituição de uma nova episteme que paute os currículos e os processos formativos, destacando ainda o papel crucial dos processos formativos de professores/pesquisadores para a implementação/fortalecimento de uma educação antirracista.
PRÁTICAS DE EXPANSÃO INTERPRETATIVA NA TRADUÇÃO LITERÁRIA: POR UMA EDUCAÇÃO LINGUÍSTICA CRÍTICA NA FORMAÇÃO DE TRADUTORES? / Interpretive expansion practices in literary translation: for a critical linguistic education in translator education?
Authors: Marins Liliam Cristina
Published: May 2023

O objetivo deste artigo é apresentar práticas de tradução de textos literários em um curso de bacharelado em tradução de uma universidade pública no noroeste do Paraná. Tais práticas são abordadas a partir do conceito de expansão interpretativa (MONTE MÓR, 2018), compreendido, aqui, como uma orientação na promoção de uma educação linguística crítica na formação de tradutores. A proposta está fundamentada nas reflexões de teóricos dos estudos linguísticos, hermenêuticos e tradutórios, como Monte Mór (2013, 2014, 2018), São Paulo (2010), Bagno e Rangel (2005), Arrojo (1994, 1986), Blume (2018) e Kiraly (2016). A partir da noção de habitus linguístico (BOURDIEU, 1996), Monte Mór (2018) pressupõe que exista um habitus interpretativo, o qual estaria relacionado a um exercício educacional, acadêmico e social que leva os alunos a construir sentidos ‘padronizados’, de acordo com um determinado contexto e comunidade, culminando em uma interpretação restrita. Monte Mór (2018) desenvolve a noção de expansão interpretativa para representar o exercício de romper com este habitus, a fim de admitir uma diversidade de construções de sentido. Ao reler este conceito pelas lentes dos estudos tradutológicos, explorar a expansão de interpretação em um curso de formação de tradutores contribuiria, assim, para uma sensibilização ao promover um exercício de desconstrução do habitus interpretativo na tradução, legitimando movimentos transformativos. Ao considerar que um dos objetivos da educação linguística crítica é superar a tradição, concluo que esta pauta se mostra urgente e necessária tanto no ensino de línguas quanto no de tradução.
Fifty years of glass ionomers (GICs). Are the latest GICs suitable for restoring back teeth?
Authors: Burke FJ Trevor , Mackenzie Louis , Sands Peter
Published: May 2023

Glass ionomer cements (GICs) have been available for use by clinicians for almost 50 years. Their beneficial properties, such as adhesion to tooth substance, have long been recognized, but early materials suffered from brittleness, lack of translucency, poor wear resistance and solubility in oral fluids. Hence, over the years, new variants have been developed with a view to overcoming these difficulties. If the latest materials were found to be clinically successful in loadbearing situations in posterior teeth, they could hold advantages because of their easier placement than resin composite materials and possibly be more cost-effective. It is therefore the purpose of this article to review recent research into the performance of the laboratory and clinical performance of high viscous GICs and the so-called glass hybrid materials that have developed from the conventional GICs.

CPD/Clinical Relevance: Glass ionomer materials, which, unlike resin composite restorations do not need a separate bonding agent, may hold technique advantages during restoration placement.
Dentistry: a reflective and prospective perspective. Have we gone full circle?
Authors: Chandrapal Andrew
Published: May 2023

The face of dentistry is in constant flux. The totality of factors that occur under the umbrella of dentistry worldwide is a fast moving target and as such, can sometimes be challenging. In honour of Dental Update's golden anniversary, the purpose of this article is to reflect on current innovations and take a look at where the profession is heading in terms of development and technology that promises to add to patient care and quality of outcomes.

CPD/Clinical Relevance: Knowledge of innovations in dental techniques and materials is essential for good clinical practice.
Gen Z Students Perception of Ideal Learning in Post-Pandemic: A Phenomenological Study From Indonesia
Authors: Helaluddin Helaluddin , Fitriyyah Di’amah , Rante Susanna Vonny N. , Tulak Harmelia , Ulfah St. Maria , Wijaya Hengki
Published: May 2023

This study aims to investigate the perceptions of Generation Z students about ideal learning after the pandemic in Indonesia. This research uses a qualitative design with a phenomenological approach. There were 30 students from 6 different campuses in Serang City, Banten, Indonesia, who used a purposive sampling technique as research participants. Data collection was carried out using semi-structured interviews, which were then analyzed using thematic analysis techniques. The findings of this study state that there are four main themes regarding ideal post-pandemic learning, namely: (a) learning that is not monotonous, (b) equal portions of theory and practice, (c) ideal learning managed by an ideal lecturer, and (d) the need for the application of blended learning. This research contributes to the current literature on designing ideal learning on campus after the COVID-19 pandemic.
Genetic Diversity and Genetic Structure of Phascolosoma esculenta Populations in Southeastern China Based on 16S rRNA Gene Sequences
Authors:   Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, College of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, 818 Fenghua Road, Ningbo City, Zhejiang, 315211, PR China, Feng BinBin , Du Chen ,   Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, College of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, 818 Fenghua Road, Ningbo City, Zhejiang, 315211, PR China, Mu DanLi ,   Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, College of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, 818 Fenghua Road, Ningbo City, Zhejiang, 315211, PR China, Gao XinMing ,   Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, College of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, 818 Fenghua Road, Ningbo City, Zhejiang, 315211, PR China, Lou JianFeng ,   Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, College of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, 818 Fenghua Road, Ningbo City, Zhejiang, 315211, PR China, Wang JianPing ,   Ningbo Academy of Oceanology and Fisheries, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315012, PR China, Zhu JunQuan ,   Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, College of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, 818 Fenghua Road, Ningbo City, Zhejiang, 315211, PR China, Jin Shan ,   Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, College of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, 818 Fenghua Road, Ningbo City, Zhejiang, 315211, PR China, Zhang ChunDan ,   Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, College of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, 818 Fenghua Road, Ningbo City, Zhejiang, 315211, PR China
Published: May 2023

Here, we investigated the population genetic structure and genetic diversity of the endemic Chinese oceanic sipuncula Phascolosoma esculenta by using partial mitochondrial DNA 16S rRNA sequences. In total, 80 samples were collected from Xiangshan, Wenling, Ningde, and Zhanjiang, which are four muddy intertidal zones of southeastern China. Results showed that of the 80 16S rRNA gene fragments, 5 were 1010 bp in length, 73 were 1011 bp in length, and 2 were 1012 bp in length. The A+T content (67.7%) was signifi cantly higher than the C+G content (32.3%), thus exhibiting obvious AT biases. In addition, 27 different haplotypes were defi ned by 33 polymorphic sites, giving an overall haplotype diversity of 0.908 and a nucleotide diversity of 0.00247. The topological structure of the haplotype neighbor-joining tree was extremely simple, without any obvious geographical structures within the four groupings. The genetic distances among populations ranged from 0.0022 to 0.0031, and those within populations ranged from 0.002 to 0.0028. The results of AMOVA revealed a low level of genetic differentiation among the four populations. A neutral test and mismatch analysis indicated a recent population expansion for P. esculenta.
A Bayesian Approach to Weibull Distribution with Application to Insurance Claims Data
Authors: Abubakar Hamza , Sabri Shamsul Rijal Muhammad
Published: May 2023

Statistical distributions are of great interest for actuaries in modelling and fitting the distribution of various data sets. It can be used to present a description of risk exposure on the investment, where the level of exposure to the risk can be determined by “key risk indicators” that usually are functions of the statistical model. Financial mathematicians and actuarial scientists often use such key risk indicators to determine the degree to which a particular company is subject to certain aspects of risk, which arise from changes in underlying variables such as prices of equity, interest rates fluctuations, or exchange rates. Weibull distribution is one of the most popular statistical distribution models employed by the actuarial and financial risk management problems in fitting and or in modelling the behaviours of financial data or lifetime event data to forecast stock pricing movement or uncertainly prediction. In this study, a Bayesian approach to the Weibull distribution model on the assumption of gamma prior to Weibull distribution parameters has been proposed. A computational study based on the actuarial measures is conducted, proving the proposed distribution of the claim amount. Along this line, in assessing the performance of the proposed method, the results of the simulations study have been conducted to explore the efficiency of the proposed estimators is compared to a maximum likelihood (MLE) and simulated annealing algorithm (SA). Finally, an actuarial real data set is analyzed, proving that the proposed model can be used effectively to model insurance claim data.
Medical Treatment of Criminals in Premodern China Based on Qing Era Local Archives: Focusing on the Case of Ba County in the late 18th Century
Authors: KIM HANBARK
Published: May 2023

This study aimed to confirm what kind of medical treatment was given to criminals by the local governments in Qing China and the role of the government doctors in charge of the criminals’ medical care. Using local administrative and historical materials, I explore the procedures and methods of medical treatment and explain the treatment processes for criminals. The findings demonstrate that, although different from modern ideals, in premodern China under the emperor’s rule, there were provisions for ailing criminals to receive medical treatment. In the Qing era, the execution of actual punishments worked as a keynote of judicial policy, and the number of criminals managed by local government offices was larger than before. The government doctors took charge of the criminals’ medical treatment, but it seems that their position in the Qing era was not popular due to low salaries and psychological resistance to treating guilty criminals. Moreover, the government doctors dispatched to treat criminals were required to play an additional role. They had to testify that there were no other causes of death other than disease, which demonstrates that the government doctor played a role in determining whether the death was a crime. However, their treatment practices for criminals demonstrate the use of traditional medicine from the Tang and Song era onwards. There are two reasons for this. First, unlike the private market, there was no economic incentives for doctors to use new medicines and prescriptions. Second, because of the fear of being reprimanded for the death of the criminal, using classical prescriptions was a way for doctors to defend the adequacy of their medical practice. From an institutional perspective, medical care for criminals through government doctors was guaranteed during the Qing era. However, government doctors were not selected for their medical competence, nor were they provided with adequate incentives to practice good medical care. Even some government doctors devoted themselves to medical care, the quality of care was not systematically guaranteed. This provides evidence of the poor medical environment surrounding criminals in premodern China.
Estimation of instability induced by probe laser frequency noise in cold-atom microwave clocks
Authors: Yang Bowen , Zhao Haojie , Xiao Ling , Li XiaoLin , Deng Jianliao , Cheng Huadong
Published: May 2023

The influence of laser frequency noise on the stability of a compact cold-atom microwave clock was investigated theoretically in this study. The phase-noisy laser was characterized by a phase-diffusion field. Given the laser linewidth, the analytical expressions of the atomic covariance function and the noise power spectral density of the relative intensity noise transferred from the frequency noise were derived based on stochastic differential equations. Our results provide an effective method to estimate the impact of laser frequency noise on the stability of an integrating sphere cold atomic clock. This method can be extended to other cold atom detection cases.
Polarization-mismatching transmissive metasurface for independent amplitude and phase control of circular polarization
Authors: Li Xiao-Feng , Zou Xiao-Jun , Li Tang-Jing , Liu Kai-Yue , Wang Guang-Ming
Published: May 2023

This work presents a strategy for independent control of the amplitude and phase of transmissive circular-polarization (CP) waves. The designed meta-atom consists of an elliptical-polarization receiver and a CP transmitter. By changing the axial ratio (AR) and polarization of the receiver, amplitude modulation can be realized based on polarization mismatching theory, with negligible cumbrous components. While by rotating the element, a full phase coverage enabled by the geometric phase is achieved. Subsequently, a CP transmitarray antenna (TA) with high gain and low side-lobe level (SLL) is implemented to experimentally validate our strategy, and the tested results match well with the simulated ones. During the operating band from 9.6 to 10.4 GHz, the proposed TA obtains an average SLL of −24.5 dB, a lowest SLL of −27.7 dB at 9.9 GHz, and a maximum gain of 19 dBi at 10.3 GHz, with the measured AR lower than 1 dB, which mainly benefits from high polarization purity (HPP) of the proposed elements. The proposed strategy for full amplitude-phase manipulation of CP waves together with HPP paves a way for complicated field manipulations and indicates a promising candidate in antenna applications, such as anti-jamming systems and wireless communications.
Switchable optical vortex beam generator based on an all-dielectric metasurface governed by merging bound states in the continuum
Authors: Liu Hang , Wang Kun , Ma Huifang , Gao Jingxiang , Liu Meng , Zhang Huiyun , Zhang Yuping
Published: May 2023

The polarization topology around the bound states in continuum (BIC) affects the optical vortex (OV) beam generation. We propose a cross-cross-shaped resonator based on a THz metasurface to realize an OV beam generator in real space by exploiting the inherent winding topology around the BIC. The BIC merging at the point Γ is achieved by tuning the width of the cross resonator, which significantly improves the Q factor and enhances the field localization. Furthermore, the switching between the high-order OV beam generator governed by the merged BIC and the low-order OV beam generator is realized. This extends the application of BIC in modulating orbital angular momentum.
Efficient generation of single photons by quantum dots embedded in bullseye cavities with backside dielectric mirrors
Authors: Xiong Kaili , Li Xueshi , Wei Yuming , Wu Wei , Zhang Chaofan , Liu Jin , Chen Yan , Chen Pingxing
Published: May 2023

Single photons are pivotal building blocks for photonic quantum technologies. Semiconductor quantum dots are promising candidates for optimal single photon sources in terms of purity, brightness and indistinguishability. Here we embed quantum dots into bullseye cavities with a backside dielectric mirror to enhance the collection efficiency up to near 90%. Experimentally, we achieve a collection efficiency of 30%. The auto-correlation measurements reveal a multiphoton probability below 0.05±0.005. A moderate Purcell factor of 3.1 is observed. Furthermore, we propose a scheme for laser integration as well as fiber coupling. Our results represent a step forward to the practical plug-and-play single photon sources.
Parameter optimization of hollow-core optical fiber phase modulators
Authors: Guo Linhao , Jiang Shoulin , Gao Shoufei , Wang Yingying , Zhao Shuangxiang , Ho Hoi Lut , Jin Wei
Published: May 2023

We studied the effect of varying gas concentration, buffer gas, length, and type of fibers on the performance of optical fiber photothermal phase modulators based on C2H2-filled hollow-core fibers. For the same control power level, the phase modulator with Ar as the buffer gas achieves the largest phase modulation. For a fixed length of hollow-core fiber, there exists an optimal C2H2 concentration that achieves the largest phase modulation. With a 23-cm-long anti-resonant hollow-core fiber filled with 12.5% C2H2 balanced with Ar, phase modulation of π-rad at 100 kHz is achieved with a control power of 200 mW. The modulation bandwidth of the phase modulator is 150 kHz. The modulation bandwidth is extended to ∼1.1 MHz with a photonic bandgap hollow-core fiber of the same length filled with the same gas mixture. The measured rise and fall time of the photonic bandgap hollow-core fiber phase modulator are 0.57 µs and 0.55 µs, respectively.
Wavelength-switchable ultraviolet light-emitting diodes
Authors: Roy Pushan Guha , Sen Sayantani , Bhattacharyya Anirban
Published: May 2023

Dual-wavelength ultraviolet light-emitting diodes (UV-LEDs) exhibiting two discrete emission peaks of comparable intensities are reported in this work. Furthermore, this is the first report where complete switching between these two peaks was achieved by simply changing the duty cycle of the pulsed-mode excitation. While earlier reports on dual-wavelength emission were based on complex multi-stage devices, our device layer-structure was nominally similar to single-wavelength LEDs, and the special properties were realized solely through the use of specifically designed AlGaN alloys. The molecular beam epitaxy (MBE) method was chosen for this work, which can operate at significantly wider growth-parameter ranges than other more commonly used techniques. The dual-wavelength nature of our LEDs was brought about by the deliberate incorporation of nanometer-scale alloy fluctuations in the quantum well based active regions by modulating the relative surface diffusion rates of Ga/Al adatoms. The wavelength selectivity was linked to the variation in thermally assisted carrier delocalization, transport, and subsequent recombination processes in regions of different compositional inhomogeneities.
Single-beam NMOR atomic magnetometer based on a fiberized EOM
Authors: Tian Mengnan , Quan Wei , Jiang Liwei , Liu Jiali , Chai Yanchao , Lu Zhenglong , Zhao Xin
Published: May 2023

The high-precision and portable nonlinear magneto-optical rotation (NMOR) atomic magnetometer has significant potential in the direction of magnetic field measurement under a geomagnetic environment. Here, we propose a single-beam NMOR atomic magnetometer with amplitude modulation based on a fiberized electro-optic modulator (EOM) for the first time, to the best of our knowledge, which provides a feasible scheme for the integrated design. A theoretical model of the system response signal as a function of the modulation amplitude is established by a Jones matrix. Based on the theoretical model, the influence mechanism of the modulation amplitude on the system response signal is further analyzed and the optimal modulation parameters can be determined. Finally, a sensitivity of 42.67 fT/Hz1/2 at 50-µT magnetic field is achieved. The proposed scheme is also applicable to other magnetometers under a geomagnetic environment.