bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Research on Micro Machining of Slit Grating
Authors: Liu Jing Yu , Li Liang , He Ning , Wu Xian , Zhan Zhong Bo , Wang Shu Long
Published: July 2014

Micro cutting offers good potentialities in order to manufacture small and medium lot sizes of micro-parts with arbitrary geometry at an economically reasonable expense. This technology has been widely used in many fields, especially in aerospace field and biological medicine. The slit grating which is used for X-ray telescope is difficult to machine because of the small critical dimensions, large material removal rates and the high requirement of machining quality. In this paper, two methods are describes to manufacture the slit grating which include micro-milling and flying-cutting. The focus is on the design of micro tool, optimization of machining parameters, the comparison of machining efficiency and precision of slit grating by micro-milling and flying-cutting.
Experimental Study on Turning Nickel-Based Superalloy GH4033 with Coated Cemented Carbide Tools
Authors: Zhao Bin , Liu Han Lian , Huang Chuan Zhen , Zou Bin , Zhu Hong Tao
Published: July 2014

The nickel-based superalloy GH4033 is one of the difficult-to-cut materials. In order to investigate the machinability of GH4033, the tool cutting performance, tool failure modes, tool life and the relationships between surface roughness and tool flank wear were studied by using different coated cemented carbide cutting tools under dry cutting. Aiming at the amount of metal removal combining with the tool life and surface quality, the better cutting tool coating type and optimal cutting parameters were obtained through the orthogonal experiments. The results showed that the cutting performance of TiCN coated tool (GC4235) was better than that of TiAlN coated tool (JC450V). With these two kinds of tools, the machined surface roughness decreased to a minimum value and then increased with the increase of flank wear. When cutting GH4033, the main wear mechanism for both of the two types of tools included adhesive wear, diffusive wear, abrasive wear, edge wear and coating peeling.
Silicon Carbide Ceramic Turning Process Design and Parameter Analysis
Authors: Wang Zhen Bo , Zhang Liang , Li Shu Zhi
Published: July 2014

This article mainly aims at the problem of silicon carbide ceramic mechanical turning difficult processing,by adopting the method of the numerical control turning processing.Design a special fixtures and a NC machining process to accomplish the manufacture of silicon carbide plate.And through the single factor analysis method to process parameters were analyzed.
Turning Test and Simulation of Difficult to Cut Materials 300M in Aviation
Authors: Zhang Hui Ping , Lai Yi Nan , Wang Chong Xun , Du Xu
Published: July 2014

Turning process properties of difficult-to-cut materials used in aeronautics are often associated with the machining accuracy and surface quality of aerospace structural parts. This study presents the influence of cutting velocity, feed rate and back cutting depth on cutting force and cutting temperature during dry turning of ultra-high strength 300M steel, where the linear regression models of cutting forces and cutting temperature are constructed by using least square method, and the regression coefficients of these models are verified by significance tests. Meanwhile, the temperature distribution and chip in turning machining are also achieved by finite element analysis.
Experiment Research of Milling Force in High Machining GH4169 Based on MatLab
Authors: Zhao Can , Xi Wang , Liu Yu Bo , Wang Zi Biao , Shi Yang Yang
Published: July 2014

Consider to the properties of Super Alloy GH4169, planning the milling experiment with ceramic cutting tool, which is aimed at studying the milling force of different parameters in each direction based on the software of Labview and KISTLER three-component dynamometer. Then the milling force experience formula was established by MatLab, which offered the theoretic reference to the studies of high speed milling super alloy GH4169 through the analysis and studies of the milling parameters based on the experimental data.
An Experimental Study of Cutting Force on Large Cutting Depth Turning Titanium Alloy with CBN Tool
Authors: Xu Li Fu , Wang Ze Liang , Huang Shu Tao , Dai Bao Lin
Published: July 2014

In this paper, the cutting experiment was used to study the influence of various cutting parameters on cutting force when rough turning titanium alloy (TC4) with the whole CBN tool. The results indicate that among the cutting speed, feed rate and cutting depth, the influence of the cutting depth is the most significant on cutting force; the next is the feed rate and the cutting speed is at least.
Milling Force Prediction for Circular Contour Machining
Authors: Zhao Kai , Liu Zhan Qiang
Published: July 2014

When machining the complex parts of aircraft engines, the milling force for the circular contour must be accurately predicted to reduce machining vibration. In this paper, the prediction model of the mean milling force per tooth during machining circular contour is developed. Firstly, the formulas of the entry angle, the exit angle and the equivalent feed per tooth are established through the analysis of circular contour milling process. Then, the equation of the mean milling force per tooth is deduced based on mechanistic force model during the circular contour machining process. Finally, the prediction model of mean milling force per tooth during machining circular contour is developed using MATLAB programming. The relationship between the milling force per tooth and surface curvature radius of the machined workpiece is also analyzed in this paper.
Finite Element Simulation of Hardened Steel Cutting Based on DEFORM-3D
Authors: Wang Liang , Chen Guang Jun , Kong Ling Guo
Published: July 2014

In order to better study hardened steel cutting process, we should model and simulate the process of cutting hardened steel by DEFORM-3D on the basis of applying finite element method to analyze the influence of cutting speed and feed to main cutting force, cutting heat and stress. Study shows that the cutting speed and feed is an important factor to determine the main cutting force. Cutting heat affects the physical properties of metal materials as a product of the energy conversion. The distribution of equivalent stress decided to point the strength of the cutting performance in different region. Reasonable utilization of cutting speed, feed processing has important significance for practical production on the premise of to ensure good cutting tool performance.
The Machinability Comparison of Laser Solid Forming (LSF) and Forging TC4 Alloys
Authors: Li Han Yang , Li Xue Kun , Rong Yi Ming , Liu Xian Li
Published: July 2014

The laser solid forming (LSF) TC4 (Ti6Al4V) alloy is made throughmelting the raw material powder layer by layer with impulse laser beam. The mostrecent advancement of the LSF TC4 alloy exhibits comparable mechanical propertieswith conventional forging TC4 alloy, which enables wider application in the fabrication of structural components in the aerospace industry. However, the accuracy of the LSF process is limited to only about tens of microns due to the laser system,machining is still necessary for the application of LSF TC4 in precision conditions. In this paper, the machinabilities of LSF TC4 and forging TC4 are studied through the turning experiments. In addition, the signature analysis of the cutting force signal is carried out to correlate the anisotropic property of the LSF TC4 with the cutting force dynamic characteristics.
The Minimum Cutting Thickness in Milling Process Simulation Analysis
Authors: Wang Xue Bin , Li Dan , Chen Ni , Chen Ming Jun
Published: July 2014

In order to study the phenomenon of micro-milling process influenced by the minimumcutting thickness, the milling thickness calculation model was established considering the minimumcutting thickness. For the sake of studying the effect of the failure of micro-milling cutter andsurface qualification of workpiece influenced by the minimum cutting thickness phenomenon,establish the milling model to simulate stress distribution and temperature distribution on thecondition of minimum cutting thickness in the process of micro-milling.
Applying Genetic Algorithm and BP Neural Network Model to Predict Cutting Area Temperature Distribution in the Laser-Assisted Milling
Authors: Wu Xue Feng , Gao Teng Fei , Zhao Bo Wen , Cao He Rong
Published: July 2014

Laser assisted milling(LAM) can change the cutting processability of the workpiece, which is evaluated by the temperature of cutting zone. Therefore, the prediction of cutting zone temperature in LAM has an important practical meaning. There is a kind of complicated nonlinear relation between the cutting zone temperature and its adjacent temperature. Meanwhile the BP neural network (BP NN)can truly elaborate the nonlinear relation. In this paper, a new kind of algorithm combined the advantages of genetic algorithm (GA) and BP neural network is introduced to predict the temperature correctly. GA is used to train connection weights and biases of BP neural network. According to the characteristics of cutting area temperature distribution, the adjacent temperature and time are selected as the judging indexes. Then the model of predicting the cutting zone temperature is built. Practical application reveals that the model is a very efficient method.
High-Speed Machining Time Model Prediction of Combination Framework Based on BP Neutral Network
Authors: Wang Zhen Bo , Li Shu Zhi , Zhang Liang
Published: July 2014

The process parameter prediction and analysis of high-speed NC machining of cast aluminum combination framework is one of the important research directions of mechanical processing. In order to make sure predicting the high-speed NC machining parameters of cast aluminum framework while machining、improve production efficiency、reduce the requirement for machine tool accuracy and technology level of operating personnel, established high-speed NC machining system time forecast model of combination framework applying BP neural network, doing corresponding verification of high-speed NC machining process parameters, then designed a set of process suitable for cast aluminum combination framework high-speed NC machining, providing feasible solution for high precision machining.
Research Progress of High Speed Cutting for SiCp_Al Composite Materials
Authors: Bai Yang , Guo Pei Quan , Fan Ning
Published: July 2014

Summarized the research and development of high speed machining of SiCp/Al composites. Emphasized the research status of high speed cutting of SiCp/Al composite materials, including machined surface quality and tool wear condition. Machined surface quality contains surface roughness and surface defects. The tool wear conditions are different because of different types of cutting tools, but the wear of the rake face, the rear face and the cutting edge are all involved.
Simulation Studies of the Cutting Process on SiCp/Al Composites with Different Volume Fraction of Reinforced SiC Particles
Authors: Wang Bei Bei , Xie Li Jing , Wang Xi Bin , Chen Xiao Lei
Published: July 2014

SiCp/Al composites (aluminum alloys reinforced with SiC particles) are classified as the typical difficult-to-machine materials by serious tool wear, premature tool failure, surface defects, etc. In order to understand the formation mechanism of chip and machined surface, the two-dimensional finite element modeling technology of the cutting process for SiCp/Al composites are investigated by using ABAQUS explicit. The actual microstructure is modeled by a multi-phase modeling approach with a circular SiC reinforcement phase randomly distributed in a 6061aluminum alloy matrix phase. The effect of volume fraction of SiC particles is studied by simulating the orthogonal cutting process of aluminum alloy and three SiCp/Al composites with multiplied increasing volume fraction of SiC reinforcement particles. The cutting forces vs. time due to the interaction between cutting tools and SiC particles in the cutting process and the stress distribution in three deformation zones are analyzed. Finally, surface defects including particles debonding, small pits, raised particles and traces of ploughing are predicted and verified by the experimental surface topography.
Forecast of Limit Cutting Depth for Hardened Mould Steel Milling
Authors: Liu Xian Li , Ma Jing , Yue Cai Xu , Li Rong Yi , Zhang An Shan
Published: July 2014

This paper focus on automobile panel dies and moulds, studying the sliding friction phenomenon between tools and workpiece caused by inadequate margin adopted during finishing. Based on this, the forecasting model of the limit milling depth is built with the consideration of tool deformation. Further on, the model built is tested by milling experiments with different radii of curvature, and providing the evidence for adoption and optimization of margin of steel finishing.
DEM Simulation of Ceramic Tool Abrasion in Machining Superalloy
Authors: Peng Rui Tao , Lu Fang , Tang Xin Zi , Tan Yuan Qiang
Published: July 2014

The discrete element method (DEM) model which describes the friction and abrasion behavior of the interface between Sialon ceramic tool and superalloy chip in machining were established, effects of cutting speed and depth of cut on tool abrasion were numerically investigated. The abrasion behaviors of the Sialon ceramic tool mainly appear in terms of abrasive wear, fatigue wear, adhesion wear and diffusion wear. The DEM simulation results show that, within a certain range, the higher cutting speed effectively results in the slighter wear of Sialon ceramic tools, meanwhile the deeper depth of cut leads to more serious tool wear. It is further validated that discrete element method is feasible to simulate the tool wear behavior.
Performance Analysis of the Multi U-Shaped Bellows Based on CAE
Authors: Zhou Liang , Li Liang , Zhao Chen Yang
Published: July 2014

A certain thickness of two, three and four layers of axisymmetric finite element bellows model were built by Abaqus firstly. Then the axial stiffness and stress and strain distribution of multi U-shaped bellows were simulated by finite element analysis. The results showed that in the case of a constant thickness, with the increase of the number of layers of the bellows, the stiffness of the bellows would be significantly reduced, and in the case of large deformation, the overall stiffness of the bellows would change significantly and was divided into elastic stiffness and plastic stiffness.
Modal Analysis of High-Speed Face Milling System Based on Composite Structure System Analysis Method
Authors: Liu Lu Ning , Shi Zhen Yu , Liu Zhan Qiang , Song Hao
Published: July 2014

This paper adopts composite structure system analysis method to perform modal analysis of high-speed face milling cutter which is mounted on the machine tool through FEM modal analysis. The key problem of this method is to obtain joint surface parameters between the machine tool spindle and face milling cutter through experimental modal analysis and MATLAB software. The joint surface parameters consist of linear stiffness, linear damping, rotation stiffness and rotation damping. After getting the frequency response function (FRF) at the tool tip of the face milling system through experimental modal analysis, the contact surface parameters can be used to eliminate the influence of the machine tool to get modal parameters of the face-milling cutter itself. Based on the finite element model of face milling cutter, composite structure system analysis method can be used easily to acquire the dynamic performance of the face milling system through FEM modal analysis, greatly to improve the reliability of modal analysis, and is helpful to the dynamic design and the structure improvement of high speed face milling cutter.
Investigation of Cutting Force and Tool Wear in High Speed Milling of GH4169 Using Ceramic Tools
Authors: Sun Peng Fei , Sun Jian Fei , Chen Wu Yi , Shen Xun
Published: July 2014

Experiments were carried out to investigate the cutting force and tool wear behavior of Sialon ceramic tools in high speed milling of GH4169 under different cutting parameters. The cutting speed exhibited the most significant influence on the cutting force. The cutting force decreased firstly then increased with the increasing of cutting speed. And the effect of feed speed and cutting depth on cutting force were also discussed. The worn surfaces of tool were examined and the elements on the tool surfaces were analyzed by employing scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS), respectively. The analysis results of the SEM and EDS showed that the dominant wear pattern were rake face flaking and notching at the low cutting speed while flank wear was the main wear type at the high cutting speed of 1037m/min.
Edge Preparation on Cutting Force, Cutting Temperature and Tool Wear for Hard Turning
Authors: Zhang Pei Rong , Liu Zhan Qiang
Published: July 2014

The paper investigates the effects of cutting edge preparation on cutting force, cutting temperature and tool wear for hard turning. An optimized characterization approach is proposed and five kinds of cemented tools with different edge preparation are adopted in the simulations by DEFROM-2DTM. The results show that both the forces and cutting temperature on the rake face climb up and then declines with the increasing of factor K (Sγ/Sα). While the temperature on flank face decrease with the increasing of the factor K. When the cutting conditions are identical, flank wear reduces while crater wear exacerbates before easing with the increasing of the factor K. The simulation results will provide valuable suggestions for optimization of cutting edge preparation for hard turning in order to obtain excellent machining quality and longer tool life.
Mechanical Properties and Microstructure of TiN-TiB2 Composite Ceramic Cutting Tool Material
Authors: Wang Li Mei , Liu Han Lian , Huang Chuan Zhen , Liu Xue Fei , Zou Bin
Published: July 2014

TiN-TiB2 composite ceramic cutting tool material was prepared with hot pressed sintering in vacuum. The effects of sintering temperature and Ni additive on mechanical properties and microstructure were investigated. It is shown in the results that the fracture toughness decreases consistently with an increase of the sintering temperature, while the flexural strength of the TiN-TiB2 composite increases firstly and then decreases with an increase of the sintering temperature. The flexural strength of the TiN-TiB2 composite increases firstly and then decreases with an increase of the Ni additive, while the fracture toughness increases consistently with an increase of the Ni additive. The optimum comprehensive mechanical properties were obtained with the additive of 5wt.% Ni while sintered at 1650°C; the corresponding values were as follows: flexural strength of 966.1±190MPa, fracture toughness of 6.36± 0.9MPa·m1/2 and hardness of 18.8±2.4GPa respectively.
Investigation on Performance of a CVD Coated Carbide Tool in Face Milling of Ultra-High Strength Steel 30Cr3SiNiMoVA
Authors: Song Jin Bang , Wang Chang Ying , Zan Lin , Chen Ming
Published: July 2014

Ultra-high strength steel 30Cr3SiNiMoVA is a typical difficult-to-cut material. During the machining process of 30Cr3SiNiMoVA, tool wear is an important factor which needs to be investigated seriously. In this work, one kind of CVD coated tools was used to investigate the tool wear mechanism of face milling of Ultra-high Strength Steel 30Cr3SiNiMoVA. Cutting forces during the wear process were measured with a kistler dyna-mometer. Surface roughness and tool wear evolution were determined.
CSPAID: Cutting Tool “Shape-Performance-Application” Integrating Design Approach
Authors: Ji Wei , Liu Xian Li , Li Kai , Fan Meng Chao , Zuo Dian Ge
Published: July 2014

Today’s cutting tool, characterized by specialization trend, require flexibility, adaptive and integrating of the cutting tool design. Targeting those goals, this paper presents a new approach, cutting tool “shape-performance-application” integrating design (CTSPAID), which considers the tool shape, performance and applications together, and builds the relationships between them, and achieve the combines between cutting tools and their applications. Also, the system architecture with three layers and two steps is put forward and IDEF0 are selected as the modelling method, as well as some rulers for this system.
Investigation on Processing Technology in Machining CFRP Large Size Hole
Authors: Wei Ying Ying , Wang Chang Ying , An Qing Long , Chen Ming
Published: July 2014

Lots of hole machining in CFRP(carbon fiber reinforced plastics) are conducted in the astronautic fields, especially a large size hole machining. The purpose of this article is to investigate the optimal cutting parameters and allowance distribution in CFRP 18/32inch hole machining by thoroughly considering the cutting forces and burr length. All tests were run without coolant using different drills, expanding drills and reamers. The damage generated and the cutting forces produced in CFRP composites cutting were observed. Therefore, the optimal allowance distribution in CFRP large size hole machining was obtained, providing compound tools design with theoretical direction.
Cutting Edge Mathematical Model for Ellipsoidal End Mill
Authors: Fan Meng Chao , Liu Xian Li , Ji Wei , Zuo Dian Ge , Wu Ming Yang
Published: July 2014

In this paper, a new kind of ellipsoid end mill is proposed in order to improve the quality and efficiency in machining the sculptured surface. An integral ellipsoid end mill parameter optimization system architecture is developed to make the parametric design automatically and efficiently. Then, the mathematical model of continuous blade curve with constant helix angle and normal helix cutting edge of ellipsoid end mill is presented, as well as the cutting edge on the cylinder of cylindrical ellipsoid end mill. And then, all curves are simulated based on MATLAB software. Finally, the ellipsoid end mill is manufactured using a SAACKE UWIF CNC grinding machine to verify the feasibility of ellipsoid end mill.
Fabrication and Mechanical Properties of Homogenous and Graded Si3N4/(W, Ti)C Nano-Composite Ceramic Tool Materials
Authors: Tian Xian Hua , Zhao Jun , Liu Shuai , Gong Zhao Chao
Published: July 2014

Close attention has been paid to Functional graded materials (FGMs) worldwide for their novel design ideas and outstanding properties. To verify the advantage of FGMS in the design of ceramic tool materials, Si3N4/(W, Ti)C nanocomposite ceramic tool materials with homogenous and graded structure were fabricated by hot pressing and sintering technology. The flexural strength, fracture toughness and hardness of the sintered composites were tested and compared. The experimental results showed that the graded structure improved mechanical properties of the ceramic tool materials, especially the flexural strength and fracture toughness. The introduction of residual compressive stress in the surface layer contributes to the improvement of the properties .
Design Method of Assembly Accuracy Repeatability of Heavy Duty Machine Tool
Authors: Jiang Bin , Zhao Jia Xue , Sun Shou Zheng , Wang Yi Fei , Li Ying
Published: July 2014

Focus on the problems that heavy duty machine tool lack of fault samples and process information in repetitive assembly, result in the existing assembly process method can’t meet the repetitive assembly accuracy. According to characteristics of local machine assembly process, propose its assembly repeatability evaluation indexes. Establish the mapping relation among machine performance, assembly accuracy and structure, and built a hierarchical model of assembly process, obtain the process optimal design scheme of assembly accuracy repeatability. Use the multivariate function differential method, propose a calculation method of heavy machine assembly accuracy, and verify applicability of the method, depend on the machine loads and structure criterions, propose heavy machine assembly accuracy repeatability optimization method, example analysis shows that: the servo effect of repetitive assembly accuracy in new process is obvious, simultaneously stress field magnitude and stability of new technology is better than the original, realize effective control of the machine tool assembly accuracy repeatability.
Control Strategy for Hydraulic Hybrid Servo Drive System of Heavy Load Robot
Authors: Long Ze Ming , Zhang Bao Jun , Guo Shi Qing
Published: July 2014

A kind of compound servo drive system is designed using the characteristics of hydraulic motor large torque and servo motor high accuracy positioning. Proportional pressure valve, proportional flow valve and electromagnetic directional valve was used to control hydraulic motor for tracking servo motor drive control and to achieve servo motor control for weight load of large torque and high accuracy positioning. Pressure, speed control strategy of using PID control is proposed based on the above hydraulic tracking drive system, achieve precise control for trajectory of robot articulated arm under heavy load conditions. And according to the requirements of the pressure, flow rate and reversing in the process of compound servo drive, a torque, speed and direction of the switching control strategy is put forward. Mathematical model is established and simulated based on tracking control system. The experiments indicate: under heavy load conditions, response speed, torque and angle control accuracy of hydraulic hybrid drive system meet the requirements with this control method and torque, speed switching control strategy.
Study on the Tool Wear of Coated Carbide Tool in High Speed Milling Titanium Alloy
Authors: Yang Shu Cai , Zhang Yu Hua , Wan Quan , Chen Jian Jun , Feng Chuang
Published: July 2014

The milling experiments were carried out using TiAlN and PCD coated carbide tools in high speed milling Ti6Al4V to compare and analyze tool wear and tool life of the two kinds of coating carbide tools. In addition, the effect of cooling and lubricating on tool wear is also studied. The results showed that fluid environment is not suitable for milling Ti6Al4V. PCD coating carbide tool can effectively increase the life of tool in high speed milling of Ti6Al4V.
Research on the Floating Motion Platform for Detecting Surface Defects in KDP Crystal
Authors: Chen Ming Jun , Zhang Wen Ming , Liao Ran , Xiao Yong
Published: July 2014

The ultra-precision floating motion platform is the key device for equipment detectingand processing optical elements, and this paper mainly studies the floating motion platform used fordetecting the surface detects in KDP crystal. The load capacity of air cushion supporting the floatingmotion platform is studied theoretically and experimentally, and finally the supply pressure of thefour air cushions were optimized under the guidance of its load characteristic curve. The structureparameter of plane flexure hinge, a key part of floating motion platform, is optimized and thesimulation results show that the optimized plane flexure hinge can eliminate the disturbance inZ-direction obviously, which is produced by the two motors. Finally the support position of crystalholder is optimized by means of static and modal analysis; and the set of optimized support way canmake the maximum deformation of the platform reducing by 2μm and make the 1st order naturalfrequency increase from 49.078Hz to 51.787Hz.
Study on Capacity of Vertical Lathe for Heavy Hydrostatic Bearing
Authors: Wang Shi Gang , Qiu Zi Jian , Li Dong Sheng
Published: July 2014

For DVT500 vertical lathe of the carrying capacity of heavy hydrostatic bearing problem, Through the simplification of the geometric model of a single oil pad to derive the effective bearing area of a single oil pad, then establish its mathematical model, for the following to prepare for the simulation of heavy hydrostatic bearing, and through the simulation of heavy hydrostatic bearing, get the input under the condition of unchanged, with the constant improvement of the speed, the change of heavy hydrostatic bearing pressure field. Results show that the feed quantity under the condition of unchanged, with the constant improvement of the speed, start from the center of the biggest oil cavity pressure peak around gradually diminishing, isobar and high oil and shape of cavity shape basically the same. Numerical calculation results reflect the inside of the bearing pressure distribution, the simulation results for the engineering practice the bearing oil cavity structure optimization design provides a theoretical basis.
Development and Experimental Verification of an Innovative Non-Contact Liquid Bearing Utilizing Traveling Waves
Authors: Li Ying Jie , Zhou Ming , Shamoto Eiji
Published: July 2014

A new non-contact liquid bearing, which utilizing traveling waves, is developed in this paper. The developed bearing is designed in an octagon shape where series of piezoelectric actuators are placed between a rigid support plate and the elastic thin bearing surface around the circumference and in the radial direction. The driving apparatus for the developed bearing is implemented based on DSP and voltage amplifiers. The liquid film force induced by traveling waves is confirmed by experiments which prove the feasibility of the developed bearing.
The Impact on the Residual Stress Distribution in Continuous Hard Turning GCr15
Authors: Li Kai , Chen Tao , Li Su Yan , Wang Xiao Ting , Liu Tao
Published: July 2014

In this paper, we use the finite element simulation method to create a three-dimensional thermal mechanical coupled model that simulate the distribution of residual stress under condition of hard turning GCr15. And twice consecutive cutting simulation are required, then analysised the influence rule of two consecutive machining on surface residual stress distribution. The simulation results were compared with the experimental values, the results show that the simulated values of continuous cutting was very closed to the experimental values and the simulation results showed a certain reliability, the maximum residual tensile stress value increased significantly as the cutting speed increased.
Defects Study on Drilling of Carbon Fiber Reinforced Polymer (CFRP) Laminates
Authors: Qiu Kun Xian , Wang Cheng Dong , An Qing Long , Chen Ming
Published: July 2014

The new developed carbon fiber reinforced polymer laminates are widely used in main structural components of big commercial aircrafts. Generally drilling is the final operations in manufacturing structure, which is the most important operation during assembly. Defects such as burrs and delamination always appear in the process of drilling, which makes it hard to control the drilling quality. In this research, the drilling defects of T800 CFRP laminates are evaluated by using a brad point drill and a multifacet drill in terms of drilling forces, burr defect and delamination detection. The results show that the spindle speed is the most significant factor affecting the delamination defect followed by the feed rate. High speed drilling and low feed rate could improve the surface quality and reduce the delamination. The multifacet drill showed excellent drilling performance than the brad point drill and generated smaller defects.
Optimization of the Grinding Parameters for CVD Diamond Micro-Tools
Authors: Shrestha Rabin , Zhan Zhong Bo , He Ning , Li Liang
Published: July 2014

This study is focused on the optimization of the grinding process parameters for the grinding of the CVD diamond micro-milling tool. Two types of CVD diamond i.e. CDM and CDE are used for the study. Feed rate and the grinding velocity are used as the grinding parameters. The optimizations of the parameters are done by studying the two results i.e. grinding force and cutting edge radius. Highest grinding velocity and medium feed rate is found to have the best result for the grinding of the CVD diamond. Keywords: CVD diamond, Grinding, Micro-tool
Design of Typical Aerospace Materials Database System
Authors: Wang Yi Wen , Ding Ming Na , Zheng Wen Juan , Chen Zhen , Hu Jing Shu
Published: July 2014

Due to the rapid development of aerospace industry, the amount of cutting data is increasing. Establishing cutting database for aerospace industry is necessary. Therefore, this article designs the typical aerospace material database system. According to project requirements analysis and the conceptual design, nine function blocks is set. They are data management, experiment management, optimization management, cutting tool design, cutting tool simulation, knowledge base, aerospace solutions, systems management, and help. And the article describes content and processes of every function block.
Digital Rapid Modeling Design of Heavy-Duty Cutting Blade Based on Solidworks
Authors: Wu Ming Yang , Tian Yong , Cheng Yao Nan , Wang B. , Gao Y.B.
Published: July 2014

Heavy machinery processing industry has its own disadvantages, that is, the large size and heavy weight of workpieces. Some of them may even weigh hundreds of tons. When processing horizontal lathe, the turning diameter of it can be as long as six meters and the vertical lathe can reach ten meters. Heavy duty cutting mainly concerns about how to improve the processing efficiency, enhance the equipment utilization and to reduce energy consumption. Therefore, this proposes a higher requirement to heavy cutting tool, especially the design of the blade is of great importance. Based on the analysis of heavy cutting blade’s structure, this dissertation uses the method of parametric design which is suitable for Solidworks, with the combination of OLE and COM technology. It also utilizes Visual Basic on the Solidworks platform for secondary development and design, and develops the fast digital modeling software design. The software can not only realize the rapid modeling of heavy cutting blade, but also shorten the design cycle and improve the efficiency of the cutting tool which benefited from the convenient design of the heavy blade, which has a significantly practical application value.
Dynamic Simulation of the Meshed Gears Based on ADAMS
Authors: Zhu Bo , Chen Xi , Zhou Liang
Published: July 2014

Gears are widely used in engineering machinery. Mechanical analysis of the gears matters more much than motion analysis when they are used in heavy machinery or equipment. Dynamic simulation of the meshed gears is based on the theory of contact and impact concerning with the definition of the impact parameters and the model in ADAMS, so the dynamic simulation process is often complicated. In this paper, an effective dynamic simulation method of meshed gears was proposed by analyzing the physical significance of the impact parameters and the calculation method of the impact, and the force curve of the meshed gears was simulated. This result can provide basis for the design and manufacture of the gear.
Research on Transient Temperature of Cutting Tool during High Speed Slot Milling of AISI H13
Authors: Jiang Fu Lin , Liu Zhan Qiang , Wan Yi , Zhang Han
Published: July 2014

Cutting tool temperature is the main factor that directly affects tool wear and tool life. In this paper we developed temperature model of tool insert during slot milling process, constructed by a combination of cutting time model and non-cutting model. A set of experiments are designed and carried out to obtain cutting induced temperatures at different cutting speeds during slot milling of AISI H13 steel. Experiments results indicate that tool insert temperature increases first and then decreases as the cutting speed grows, and a critical cutting speed for the tool insert temperature exists during slot milling of AISI H13 steel. Some possible reasons for the drop of tool insert temperature are proposed and discussed, and they are decreased heat flux into tool insert and increased heat convection coefficient.
The Interface Design of TMS320C6713 and AD7679
Authors: Wu Zhi Dong , Cui You Zheng , Pan Di
Published: July 2014

In order to meet the demands of the high precision and high speed, the interface design of TMS320C6713 and AD7679 is widely used in data acquisition system. In this paper, the interface design of TMS320C6713 and AD7679 is introduced, including the design of the interface circuit and the software design of the interface. The configuration of every register of McBSP is also expounded, including configuration method and specific function.
The Effect of Impeller Machining Allowance Changes on the Milling Chatter Stability Lobes
Authors: Wu Shi , Song Sheng Gang , Li Rong Yi , Xu Li , Jiang Yan Cui
Published: July 2014

The impeller has many characteristics, such as having thin wall, low rigidity, the quality of time-varying and it easy to produce deformation and vibration in process. In order to predict the flutter during processing, milling system dynamics model is established first, and then research three-dimensional flutter stability lobes of milling system by the fully discrete method. Finally analyzes the impeller machining allowance change on the influence of the flutter stability lobes and the milling parameters on the stability of the milling system dynamics.
Design and Theoretical Analysis of an Embedded Thin Film Sensor
Authors: Cheng Yun Ping , Wu Wen Ge , Li Xue Rui , Du Xiao Jun
Published: July 2014

Monitoring cutting force in manufacturing operations is important for controlling cutting process and surface quality. In this paper, a thin film sensor embedded in metal was designed and embedded on the holder of tool to measure the force in machining operations. The Wheatstone bridge would produce the output voltage when the thin film caused deformation by cutting forces. The relationship between the output voltage and the deformation of beam was analyzed and derived with formula. The results showed that cutting force could be calculated according to the output voltage.
Physical Design of an Automatic Measuring Instrument for the Flatness Error of the Rail Wagon
Authors: Zhu Bo , Shang Wan Ru , Zhou Liang , Zhao Chen Yang
Published: July 2014

The automatic measuring instrument for the flatness error of the rail wagon is designed with carbon fiber and aluminium alloy, which makes the instrument handy with good stiffness. After the design for the main structure and arranging the position of sensing element, finite element analysis is used to guarantee that deformation of structure itself will not affect the measurement accuracy. The design of the automatic measuring instrument for the flatness error of the Rail wagon takes the place of tradional feeler gauge measurement, raised the work efficiency and improves the measurement accuracy to 0.1mm.
The Design of Ultra-Hard Micro Milling Tool Supplemented to LiF Crystal by Finite Element Analysis
Authors: Guo Yan Qiu , Li Dan , Chen Ming Jun , Chen Ni
Published: July 2014

Micro tools play an important role in micro/nano maching and their geometries should bedesigned according to the specific workpiece material to get the requested maching quality [1]. LiFis a kind of soft brittle crystal and has been widely used as nuclear fusion target on which microstructures should be milled. This paper designs two types of straight-edge end milling tool specialfor LiF milling. Firstly, depending on the former tools designed, the critical disciplines for microtool design is provided. Secondly, two types of ultra-hard milling tool of 1mm diameter is designedaccording to the disciplines mentioned. Then FEM model is established and optimizationalsimulation is conducted to get the proper tool geometry angles.
Large Motor Rotor Machining with Static Pressure Center Frame Design
Authors: Wang Yu Qing , Wang Shi Gang
Published: July 2014

With the recent development of domestic hydropower industry, length, weight, size, material and structure of the rotor machining of large motors and generators manufactured workpiece special processing equipment and process methods have become increasingly demanding, aiming at market high precision, good quality, technical indicators have a good guarantee of the large rotor machining center with plenty of needs static frame, developed a long piece, big weight, material and structural special processing equipment. This equipment has proven high accuracy, good quality, technical indicators have a good guarantee to solve practical problems that exist in the above production. The large hydrostatic rotor machining center frame, not only to solve the large generators, turbine rotor shaft heavy machining of technical problems, but also to ensure the accuracy and stability of the product processing.
Research on the Cutting Property of Ceramic Tool Cutting Nickel Based Superalloy GH4169
Authors: Liu Yu Bo , Zhang Yong De , Zhao Can
Published: July 2014

This paper will use the Al2O3-SiCw whisker toughening ceramic tool WG300 and Si3N4-Al2O3 (Sialon) SX9 ceramic tool cutting performance test.Study on different cutting speed, ceramic cutting tool in machining nickel based high-temperature alloy tool life and tool wear mechanism, and analysis of the wear form under different cutting parameters. The test results show that: with the increase of the cutting speed, WG300 and SX9 two kinds of tool durability showed a downward trend, the value of VB is higher than that of Al2O3-SiCw whisker reinforced ceramic cutting tool flank wear of Sialon ceramic cutting tool, but its notch wear value VN is far less than Al2O3-SiCw whisker reinforced ceramic cutting tool,the main failure form of WG300 notch wear, the main failure form of SX9 for the flank wear.
Experimental Study of the Corner of Hardened Steel Mould in High Speed Milling with Micro-End Mill
Authors: Dong Bang Xi , Hu Ying Ning , Hu Shan Shan , Huang Xi
Published: July 2014

High speed machining of the corner of hardened steel mould has a great influence to the entire product performance of the mould. In this paper, with the single factor experiments, the influence of feed per tooth, cutting speed and angle of the corner to the cutting forces, the vibration value and the surface roughness were analyzed. And the cutting parameters were optimized. The cutting forces, vibration value and surface roughness value of the corner of the mould reached the minimum value when the cutting speed was 80 m/min and the feed per tooth was 0.006 mm/z in the experiment. The surface quality of corner with angle of 90o was better than the corner with angle of 60o and 120o with various milling parameters.
An Experimental Study on Optimization of Cutting Parameters for Disk Milling Titanium Blisk
Authors: Cheng Yao Nan , Zhang Yue , Zuo Dian Ge , Feng Xin Min
Published: July 2014

Blisks are important components of aircraft engines. Its machining plays an important role in a aerospace industry. Blisk processing efficiency has become a hot topic in the field of machining. Disk milling is a new processing method to achieve efficiency. In order to optimize disk milling process parameters of blisk, the use of full-factor experimental for researching TC4 titanium disc milling process. Analyze the impact of different cutting parameters on cutting force, the results show: during milling titanium by Discal Cutter, with the increasing of feed per tooth, the cutting force increases. But cutting forces in three directions has the different influence. Feed per tooth corresponding with radial cutting depth. In order to guarantee the material removal rate, it can be selected smaller feed per tooth and larger radial cutting depth. Through the stress simulation analysis on the blade, it can be carried out that the maximum strain of blade is concentrated at the tip arc. The equivalent stress is mainly concentrated at the main cutting edge and the tip arc. It can provide the basis for future tool design.
Effect of lotrafilcon A silicone hydrogel contact lens on intraocular pressure measurement
Authors: García-Resúa Carlos , García-Montero Silvia , Pena-Verdeal Hugo , Gilino Jorge , Yebra-Pimentel Eva , Giráldez Maria J.
Published: July 2014

The present paper aims to assess the effect of lotrafilcon A contact lenses (CL) in situ on intraocular pressure (IOP) measurement performed with three portable tonometers (ICare, Tonopen and Perkins). This cross-sectional study included thirty young healthy subjects. Intraocular pressure measurements without CL were performed first, followed by IOP measurements with CL for twenty minutes. ICare IOP measurements obtained with lotrafilcon A CL overestimated IOP values without CL by 1 mmHg (P<0.001). However, both techniques displayed close level of agreement (95% LoA, -4.17 to +1.63 mmHg). Also, differences between both methods tended not to increase (P=0.9). No significant differences were observed between IOP measurements without and with CL for Perkins (paired-t test, P=0.23) and Tonopen XL (pairedt test, P=0.17). In conclusion, adequate IOP measurements through zero power lotrafilcon A silicone hydrogel CL can be obtained with all three tonometers in healthy eyes, although, in case of ICare, the practitioner must be aware of the 1 mmHg overestimation with CL.
Metabolic bone diseases: an overview
Authors: Sinigaglia L.
Published: July 2014

Not required
Paget’s disease
Authors: Bertoldi I. , Cantarini L. , Filippou G. , Frediani B.
Published: July 2014

Paget’s disease of bone is the most common metabolic bone disease after osteoporosis and affects 2-4% of adults over 55 years of age. Its etiology is only partly understood and includes both genetic and environmental factors. The disease may be asymptomatic and can be uncovered incidentally on x-ray or in biochemical tests performed for another condition. It can also manifest itself with bone pain, deformity, fracture or other complications. Paget’s disease is diagnosed by x-rays and in general has very typical radiological features, but occasionally the clinical picture may be unusual and a differential diagnosis of sclerotic or lytic metastases needs to be considered. Plasma total alkaline phosphatase activity is the most clinically useful indicator of disease activity. It is elevated in most untreated patients, but may be within the normal range in patients with monostotic or limited disease. Bisphosphonate therapy is indicated for patients with symptoms and should also be considered in patients with disease sites that suggest a risk of complications, such as long bones, vertebrae or base of the skull. Orthopedic surgery in Paget’s disease patients includes almost exclusively the correction of fractures and arthroplasty.
A clinical overview of bone marrow edema
Authors: Manara M. , Varenna M.
Published: July 2014

Bone marrow edema (BME) is a descriptive term which identifies a specific magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) pattern that can be observed in a number of clinical entities, which are often characterized by pain as their main symptom, but show significant differences in terms of histopathological findings, causal mechanisms and prognosis. Bone marrow lesions in the subchondral bone of subjects with knee osteoarthritis (OA) seem to be associated with pain and progression of cartilage damage over time. Some histopathological studies of advanced OA have shown a prevalent fibrosis and bone marrow necrosis. BME of the subchondral bone in rheumatoid arthritis is associated with an infiltrate of inflammatory cells and osteoclasts and has a predictive value of further development of erosions. In spondyloarthritis, BME of the sacroiliac joints identifies an active sacroiliitis and is associated with histological inflammation and radiographic progression, whereas the relationship between BME lesions of the spine and syndesmophyte development is still controversial. BME syndromes (BMES), such as transient osteoporosis of the hip, regional migratory osteoporosis, and transient post-traumatic BMES, are characterized by a BME pattern on MRI and a self-limiting course. The potential evolution of BMES toward osteonecrosis is still controversial.