bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Associação das parasitoses intestinais com anemia e eosinofilia em escolares do povoado de Matinha dos Pretos, Feira de Santana, Bahia, Brasil
Authors: Araújo Bruno S. de , Santos João Francisco dos , Neiva Tahise da S. , Magalhães Filho Roberto R. de , Rios Daniel da Silva
Published: April 2022

Os enteroparasitos são capazes de desenvolver nos seus hospedeiros uma série de alterações fisiopatológicas responsáveis pelo desencadeamento da anemia e eosinofilia sanguínea em indivíduos parasitados. Diante do elevado índice de parasitoses intestinais observado em estudos anteriores no povoado de Matinha dos Pretos, Feira de Santana-BA, o presente trabalho teve o intuito de avaliar a associação das enteroparasitoses com a presença de anemia e eosinofilia em escolares da referida localidade. Para isto, foram coletadas as amostras de sangue e de fezes dos alunos para a realização das análises parasitológicas e hematológicas. Das 137 amostras estudadas, 53% (73) continham parasitos intestinais, com uma ou mais espécies diferentes, sendo os Ancilostomídeos ou sua associação com outras espécies parasitárias os enteroparasitos mais freqüentes; 10,24% (14) apresentaram anemia e 44,53% (61) demonstraram eosinofilia. No entanto, apesar da associação das enteroparasitoses com a presença de anemia e eosinofilia em algumas amostras analisadas, esta não foi significativa nos testes estatísticos. Desta forma, o alto índice de parasitoses intestinais e a presença de anemia e eosinofilia representam um problema de saúde pública, os quais podem comprometer o desenvolvimento e o rendimento dos escolares no referido povoado.
Study of an underwater accurate channel model considering comprehensive misalignment errors
Authors: Han Shuo , Yue Peng , Yi Xiang
Published: April 2022

In an actual scene, underwater optical wireless communication (UOWC) transceivers may not be perfectly aligned from the start due to imprecise operation or disturbances such as water flow, and thus outdated pointing errors can no longer reliably reflect precise channel conditions. In this paper, for the first time, to our knowledge, we formulate a comprehensive misalignment errors model by taking into account both random jitter and initial misalignment errors. Furthermore, we deduce an effective receiving area due to the deflection of the receiver with three rotation angles in three-dimensional space. Moreover, we also apply the above findings to the composite fading channel model, which is more accurate and practical than the previous. Finally, we develop closed-form results for the bit error rate (BER) in terms of the Meijer G-function of UOWC systems. The performance is also analyzed by the multiplicative statistical channel model. Results demonstrate that comprehensive misalignment errors exacerbate performance degradation in terms of both average BER and outage probability, compared to pointing errors considering only random jitter. It indicates that the initial misalignment errors are not negligible, and analyzing scenes with comprehensive misalignment errors is of great importance in practice.
Application of vector beams for enhanced high-order harmonics generation in laser-induced plasmas
Authors: Venkatesh Mottamchetty , Ganeev Rashid A. , Kim Vyacheslav V. , Boltaev Ganjaboy S. , Sapaev Ibrokhim B. , Liang Jingguang , Yu Jiaqi , Li Wei
Published: April 2022

High-order harmonics driven by phase- and polarization-structured femtosecond pulses are unique sources of the extreme ultraviolet vortex and vector beams, which have various applications. Here, we report the generation of intense high-order harmonics during propagation of the polarization-structured vector beams (radially polarized beam, azimuthally polarized beam, and their superposition) through the laser-induced plasmas (In, C, CdS, Zns, Ag2S). Low-order harmonics became stronger with radially polarized and azimuthally polarized driving beams compared with the linearly polarized beams, which is explained on the basis of phase matching and specific properties of vector beams. Contrary to that, the resonance-enhanced harmonic generated in the indium plasma in the case of radially polarized and azimuthally polarized beams was twice weaker compared with the harmonic generated by the LP beam due to modification in the resonant transition selection rules leading to a decrease of the oscillator strength of ionic transitions. Harmonic cut-off and intensity in the case of superposition of the radially and azimuthally polarized beams were lesser compared with the cases of the individual (radially polarized and azimuthally polarized) beams.
Purcell effect with extended sources: the role of the cross density of states
Authors: Carminati R. , Gurioli M.
Published: April 2022

We analyze the change in the spontaneous decay rate, or Purcell effect, of an extended quantum emitter in a structured photonic environment. Based on a simple theory, we show that the cross density of states is the central quantity driving interferences in the emission process. Using numerical simulations in realistic photonic cavity geometries, we demonstrate that a structured cross density of states can induce subradiance or superradiance, and change substantially the emission spectrum. Interestingly, the spectral lineshape of the Purcell effect of an extended source cannot be predicted from the sole knowledge of the spectral dependence of the local density of states.
Generalized elliptical retarder design and construction using nematic and cholesteric phase liquid crystal polymers
Authors: Miller Sawyer , Jiang Linan , Pau Stanley
Published: April 2022

Elliptical retarders have important applications in interferometry and polarimetry, as well as imaging and display technologies. In this work, we discuss the traditional elliptical retarder decomposition using Pauli matrices as basis sets and then introduce a solution to the inverse problem: how an arbitrary elliptical retarder with desired eigenpolarizations and retardance can be constructed using a combination of linear and circular retarders. We present a simple design process, based on eigen-decomposition, with a solution determined by the intrinsic properties of each individual retarder layer. Additionally, a novel use of cholesteric liquid crystal polymer as a circular retarder is presented. Through simulation and experimental validation, we show cholesteric phase liquid crystal has an achromatic region of circular retardance at shorter wavelengths, outside of the Bragg regime. Finally, we verify our design process by fabricating and testing an elliptical retarder using both nematic and cholesteric phase liquid crystal polymers. The performance of the elliptical retarders shows excellent agreement with theory.
Tunable high-order Bessel-like beam generation based on cross-phase modulation
Authors: Yuan Jinpeng , Wang Xuewen , Wang Lirong , Xiao Liantuan , Jia Suotang
Published: April 2022

Nonlinear atomic media are promising substitutes for spatial light modulators (SLMs) owing to the high tunability and fast response. We demonstrate the generation of high-order Bessel-like beam based on cross-phase modulation in 85Rb atoms. The atomic medium, whose refractive index is spatially modulated by the focused Gaussian pump beam, acts as a nonlinear focusing lens for the Laguerre-Gaussian probe beam. As a result, the probe beam carries the nonlinear phase shift and is converted into a Bessel-like mode in far-field diffraction. The superior self-healing ability of the generated high-order Bessel-like beam is verified by inserting an obstruction in the beam path, and its high tunability is investigated in terms of the pump beam power and vapor temperature. Furthermore, this novel beam is used in an obstruction-immune rotation sensor to measure the angular velocity. Nonlinear atomic medium as a novel SLM promises considerable application prospects in modulating the light field structure.
Ultra-narrow-band circular dichroism by surface lattice resonances in an asymmetric dimer-on-mirror metasurface
Authors: Hu Jigang , Xiao Yuxi , Zhou Lei-Ming , Jiang Xiaoyun , Qiu Wei , Fei Wu , Chen Yang , Zhan Qiwen
Published: April 2022

Narrow-linewidth circular dichroism (CD) spectroscopy is a promising candidate to push the limits of molecular handedness detection toward a monolayer or even to a single molecule level. Here, we designed a hybrid metasurface consisting of a periodic array of symmetry-breaking dielectric dimers on a gold substrate, which can generate strong CD of 0.44 with an extremely-narrow linewidth of 0.40 nm in the near-infrared. We found that two surface lattice resonance modes can be excited in the designed metasurface, which can be superimposed in the crossing spectral region, enabling a remarkable differential absorption with a high Q-factor for circular polarizations. The multipole decomposition of the resonance modes shows that the magnetic dipole component contributes most to the CD. Our simulation results also show that the CD response of the chiral structure can be engineered by modulating the structural parameters to reach the optimal CD performance. Ultra-narrow-linewidth CD response offered by the proposed metasurface with dissymmetry provides new possibilities towards design of the high-sensitive polarization detecting, chiral sensing and efficient chiral light emitting devices.
Automatic optical structure optimization method of the laser triangulation ranging system under the Scheimpflug rule
Authors: Nan Zhuojiang , Tao Wei , Zhao Hui
Published: April 2022

Optical structure parameter design is of great importance to ensure the accuracy of asymmetry systems such as the laser triangulation ranging system. The result often depends on the experience of optical designers, and it is inevitable to introduce human errors. In this paper, an automatic optimization method of optical structure parameters applied to the laser triangulation ranging system was proposed to assist in improving the measurement accuracy. First, the optical sensitivity optimization model of the laser triangulation ranging system was constructed, and the boundary conditions were established from two aspects of laser clear imaging and sensor geometric dimension. The constraint relationship between optical structure parameters under the Scheimpflug rule was established to ensure clear laser imaging, and the transverse distance and axial distance of the sensor geometric dimension were constrained when the laser imaging length was taken into consideration. Secondly, mutation operator-based particle swarm optimization (M-PSO) algorithm was proposed to search the optimal optical sensitivity, and three typical working distances and ranges were taken as examples to design the optical parameters. In addition, the results were verified by ZEMAX simulation and also the experimental platform, the maximum optical sensitivity of the structure was 3.496 and its corresponding optimal nonlinearity was 0.039% F.S. The automatic optimization method proposed in this paper was compared with the traditional GA method and PSO method, and it was verified that the convergence efficiency of the proposed method was much higher than the traditional ones.
Quantum-inspired multicore optical fiber
Authors: Kalita A. , Zhong Q. , Busch K. , El-Ganainy R.
Published: April 2022

We introduce a new, to the best of our knowledge, type of multicore optical fiber having a quantum-inspired network topology and unique spectral features. Particularly, the connectivity between the cores is generated by unfolding a circular array of coupled quantum oscillators in Fock space. We show that in such a fiber geometry, the eigenvalues of the optical supermodes exhibit partial degeneracy and form a ladder. In turn, this leads to revival dynamics, allowing for a periodic re-imaging of the input intensity. As an example, we present a realistic design with six cores in silica glass platforms.
Portopulmonary hypertension and the risk of high right ventricular systolic pressure in liver transplant candidates
Authors: Hayashi Ryoko , Kogiso Tomomi , Kikuchi Noriko , Yamamoto Kana , Nakamura Shinichi , Egawa Hiroto , Hagiwara Nobuhisa , Tokushige Katsutoshi
Published: April 2022

Aim

Portopulmonary hypertension (PoPH) is a rare and serious complication of liver cirrhosis and portal hypertension that can interfere with liver transplantation (LT). We evaluated the prevalence of PoPH and the clinical features of right ventricular systolic pressure (RVSP), which is equivalent to pulmonary artery systolic pressure, in LT candidates.

Methods

This was a single-center retrospective study. A total of 157 Japanese patients with decompensated liver cirrhosis or portal hypertension (76 men, median age = 52 years [range: 18–68 years]) were enrolled. The relationships between RVSP and clinical parameters, and the prevalence of PoPH in LT candidates, were evaluated.

Results

The cardiological parameters were as follows: brain natriuretic peptide (BNP), 39.1 (4.0–780.5) pg/mL; RVSP, 31.2 (16.0–122.4) mmHg; ejection fraction, 58% (28–72%); and mean peak tricuspid regurgitation velocity, 2.3 (1.5–5.3) m/s. The RVSP was significantly higher in females (p= 0.02) and primary biliary cholangitis (PBC) patients (p= 0.01), and was weakly correlated with the BNP level (r = 0.40,p= 0.01). For RVSPs of < 36 and ≥ 36 mmHg, the 5-year survival rates were 36.1%versus34.1%, and 85.4%versus85.3%, in non-LT and LT cases, respectively (p= 0.47 and 0.69, respectively). Among six patients with an RVSP ≥ 50 mmHg, three (1.9%) were diagnosed with PoPH and treated with vasodilators.

Conclusions

PoPH was observed in 3 cases (1.9%) in 157 LT candidates. In patients with suspected mild pulmonary hypertension (RVSP, 36 - 50 mmHg), LT was successfully performed.
Assessment of the willingness of dentists in the state of Indiana to administer vaccines
Authors: Shukla Anubhuti , Welch Kelly , Villa Alessandro
Published: April 2022

Background

Human Papillomavirus associated oropharyngeal cancers have been on the rise in the past three decades. Dentists are uniquely positioned to discuss vaccination programs with their patients. The goal of this project was to assess the readiness of dentists in the state of Indiana in being able to administer vaccines.

Methods

An 18-question online survey was sent to licensed dentists in the state of Indiana. Mantel-Haenszel chi-square tests, followed by multivariable analyses using ordinal logistic regression were conducted to assess providers’ comfort levels and willingness to administer vaccines in both children and adults, by provider characteristics (practice type, location, and years in practice).

Results

A total of 569 completed surveys were included for data analyses. Most dentists (58%) responded positively when asked if they would consider offering vaccinations in their office, if allowed by state legislation. In general, dentists working in academic settings and federally qualified health centers were more agreeable to offering vaccination in their practice. The level of agreement with “Dentists should be allowed to administer HPV, Influenza, Hep A and COVID 19 vaccines” for both children and adults decreased with increased years of practice. More than half of the respondents (55%) agreed that dental providers were competent to administer vaccines and needed no further training.

Conclusion

The study results suggest the willingness of dentists in the state of Indiana to offer vaccinations in their practices, if allowed by legislation.

Practical implications

Dental providers can be a unique resource to add to workforce for improving vaccination efforts.
COVID-19 vaccination acceptance among dental students and dental practitioners: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Lin Galvin Sim Siang , Lee Hern Yue , Leong Jia Zheng , Sulaiman Mohammad Majduddin , Loo Wan Feun , Tan Wen Wu
Published: April 2022

Background

Dental practitioners and dental students are classified as high-risk exposure to COVID-19 due to the nature of dental treatments, but evidence of their acceptance towards COVID-19 vaccination is still scarce. Hence, this systemic review aims to critically appraise and analyse the acceptability of COVID-19 vaccination among dental students and dental practitioners.

Materials and methods

This review was registered in the PROSPERO database (CRD42021286108) based on PRISMA guidelines. Cross-sectional articles on the dental students’ and dental practitioners’ acceptance towards COVID-19 vaccine published between March 2020 to October 2021 were searched in eight online databases. The Joanna Briggs Institute critical appraisal tool was employed to analyse the risk of bias (RoB) of each article, whereas the Oxford Centre for Evidence-Based Medicine recommendation tool was used to evaluate the level of evidence. Data were analysed using the DerSimonian-Laird random effect model based on a single-arm approach.

Results

Ten studies were included of which three studies focused on dental students and seven studies focused on dental practitioners. Four studies were deemed to exhibit moderate RoB and the remaining showed low RoB. All the studies demonstrated Level 3 evidence. Single-arm meta-analysis revealed that dental practitioners had a high level of vaccination acceptance (81.1%) than dental students (60.5%). A substantial data heterogeneity was observed with the overall I2 ranging from 73.65% and 96.86%. Furthermore, subgroup analysis indicated that dental practitioners from the Middle East and high-income countries showed greater (p < 0.05) acceptance levels, while meta-regression showed that the sample size of each study had no bearing on the degree of data heterogeneity.

Conclusions

Despite the high degree of acceptance of COVID-19 vaccination among dental practitioners, dental students still demonstrated poor acceptance. These findings highlighted that evidence-based planning with effective approaches is warranted to enhance the knowledge and eradicate vaccination hesitancy, particularly among dental students.
Dance Studies in China: Selected Writings from the Journal of Beijing Dance Academy
Authors: Yanjie Zhang
Published: April 2022

A collection of articles selected from the Journal of Beijing Dance Academy, translated here for an English-speaking audience. Beijing Dance Academy is a full-time institution of higher learning with commitment to developing excellent professional dancers, choreographers and dance researchers. Part of the Intellect China Library series.
‘The curiosity with which that fist moves’: Lesbian erotics in Sarah Waters’s Tipping the Velvet and Emma Donoghue’s Frog Music
Authors: Friars Rachel M.
Published: April 2022

Lesbian neo-Victorian novels such as Sarah Waters’s Tipping the Velvet and Emma Donoghue’s Frog Music feature representations of lesbian erotics that are engaged in contemporary discourses of desire in opposition to Victorian pornographic assumptions that pathologize the lesbian subject. Because neo-Victorian cultural production according to Heilmann and Llewellyn engages with reinterpreting and rediscovering the Vicorians, lesbian authors return to that period in order to interrogate where and how lesbian desire might manifest and how that desire can be implicitly converted into a subversive form of power. Waters and Donoghue represent lesbian sexual connection through erotically charged consumption and sadomasochistic consummation represented by moments of lesbian vaginal fisting in an effort to usurp traditional and overdetermined heterosexist ideas of lesbian erotics. Consumption/consummation reinvest the lesbian with erotic power in the neo-Victorian novel.
‘Designing with a hard-on’: The queer sexual politics of Bernhard Willhelm’s fashion
Authors: Brajato Nicola
Published: April 2022

This article aims to contribute to the existing literature on Antwerp-trained designer Bernhard Willhelm by highlighting his dissident intervention in the redefinition of the relationship between masculinity and sexuality. To do so, it analyses the different designs and visual strategies through which Willhelm has queered what I define as the ‘hegemonic male dressed body’ – a specific type of embodiment at the intersection of hegemonic masculinity and heteronormativity – in order to demonstrate that the designer’s critical fashion practices represent tangible ways to recontextualize the male dressed body outside the strictures of heteronormative social regimes.
Gentleman Jack queers popular imagination
Authors: Reed Jennifer
Published: April 2022

The BBC One/HBO series Gentleman Jack (2019–present) introduced the historical figure Anne Lister (1791–1840) to popular culture. An English landowning woman, Lister, left a diary of 5 million words (much of it in a secret code) that details her sexual life with other women and a secret marriage to one of them. She was a remarkable woman for many reasons, not the least of which was Lister’s ability to live in a ‘respectable’ society at the same time that she flouted gender and sexual norms. The story of how and why it took so long, and the efforts it took, to bring her story to popular culture through television – along with the resonance the series has had on lesbian and gender nonconforming people all over the world – is integral to understanding the impact of Lister’s life and complex identity on queer histories and cultures. Accordingly, this article maps the substance of the series, the circumstances of its coming into being and the fan response to provide some sense of the significance of Anne Lister and the fact that her life was hidden in plain sight for almost 200 years.
Creating excess water inundation maps by sub-pixel classification of medium resolution satellite images
Authors: Mucsi László , Henits László
Published: April 2022

Excess water frequency factor, which indicates the number of inunda-tions in the area under study within a certain period of time, is the most dynamic variable among the parameters applied in the complex meth-odology of excess water hazard mapping. Creating excess water inun-dation maps, representing the situation in the most realistic way, was hitherto a critical moment in excess water hazard mapping. Instead of field measurements, since the database of Landsat satellite images became accessible in 2009, it is possible to process satellite images taken from the year 1985, with using new, non-traditional methods different from the pixel-based classification. These methods are mainly sub-pixel based classifications and they are applied principally on images taken in periods of extended excess water inundation, under clear weather conditions. In our research project, medium-scale map-ping was supported principally by hand-held or mounted multispectral (the bands of visible and infrared light) digital aerial photography. The photo-taking process, depending on the actual meteorological condi-tions, can be flexibly accomplished in the most extended inundation period, thus it is possible to create excess water maps at the scale of 1:10000.
A luxusszállodai miliő transzformációjának időbeli dimenziói
Authors: Juhász-Dóra Katalin
Published: April 2022

A világjárvány megjelenése a turizmus szereplőit globális kihívások elé állította. A turizmus színterei mellett a mindennapi élet, a munkavégzés és a különböző szolgáltatások célközönsége is megváltozott. A luxustermékek és -szolgáltatások ipara szintén kihívásokkal szembesült. Az eddig elegáns luxus- és divatcikkeket gyártó vállalatok egyik napról a másikra kényelmes otthoni öltözékeket és maszkokat, a híres parfümgyártó vállalatok pedig fertőtlenítőszereket kezdtek el gyártani. Az állami irányításért felelős döntéshozók és a vállalatok stratégiai vezetői rövid- és hosszú távú javaslatokkal és megoldásokkal reagáltak a kialakult helyzetre. A Covid19 a luxusszállodákat sem kímélte: a külföldről érkező nemzetközi vendégkör szinte teljes mértékben eltűnt, így a helyi lakosok váltak a luxusszolgáltatások elsődleges célközönségévé. Jelen tanulmány célja a luxus és a tér értelmezésének időbeli vizsgálata a budapesti luxusszállodák mintáján keresztül. A luxusszállodai miliő időbeli átalakulása a luxusszolgáltatások és a térfogyasztás strukturált keretrendszerében kerül bemutatásra.
Munkavállalói élmény tervezése: új megközelítés a turizmusban a tehetségek bevonzására a Covid19 árnyékában
Authors: Horváth Viola , Kenesei Zsófia
Published: April 2022

A cikk célja annak szemléltetése, hogy a turizmusspecifikus HR kihívásait figyelembe véve a customer journey mapping módszertana hogyan alkalmazható a munkavállalói élmény tervezésének stratégiai részeként. A cikkben az alapkoncepció ismertetése után egy konkrét példán keresztül szemléltetjük az employee experience journey map elkészítésének lépéseit egy budapesti 5 csillagos szállodára vonatkozóan. A konkrét lépések bemutatásán túl rávilágítunk arra is, hogy a journey mapping hogyan járulhat hozzá a HR-folyamatok javításához a találkozási, illetve a kritikus pontok azonosításával, majd az ezekre adott megoldási javaslatokkal. Mivel a turisztikai szektor rendkívül összetett munkaerő-piaci sajátosságokkal rendelkezik, ezért elengedhetetlen a perszónákra épülő HR-stratégia kidolgozása, míg a marketing és a HR-részlegek esetében a munkavállalói élmény tervezését közös projektként kell kezelniük.
The Paradox of Oily Malnourished Skin
Authors: Petric Domina
Published: April 2022

Oily skin (seborrhea) is a common cosmetic problem that occurs when oversized sebaceous glands produce excessive amounts of sebum giving the appearance of shiny and greasy skin. Oily skin is at the same time malnourished because excessive amounts of sebum wash out the protective and hydrating skin factors, such as natural moisturizing factor, and therefore dual treatment is necessary, which consists of meticulous cleaning of the excessive sebum and profound nourishment of the skin. Skin microcirculation plays a significant role in the skin homeostasis. Dermal venules are important for waste removal from the skin, whilst dermal arterioles are important for the transportation of gases and nutrients towards the skin. Improvement of the skin microcirculation might be a useful tool in the maintenance of healthy skin and additional treatment for oily skin, acne, accelerated aging and wrinkles. Demodicosis causes the vicious circle of the oily skin: excessive amounts of sebum lead to more severe demodicosis, which then aggravates acne and increases the production of the sebum.
The force-lines field
Authors: Fatkhullaev Sarvar
Published: April 2022

Abstract— To describe gravity in the most precise way and to be able to add it to the Standard Model, furthermore consider it as a force instead of geometry of space-time. The existence of the force-lines is well defined as the field with resistance creating the mass of the particles and gravitational field. The gravitational force is divided into attractive force and compressive force. The report claims that when a particle moves in the field of the force-lines faces resistance against the trajectory of the particle and this supposedly slowing force is the mass of the particle. Therefore, the equation comes m=kv2, where resistance coefficient multiplied to velocity in square. It means that photons which have 0 coefficient resistance have 0 mass m=0v2.However this report states that, photons also have resistance, therefore in this paper solution provided even if it’s extremely difficult to measure it. The field of the force-lines explains the true reason of gravity and the formation of mass. In some cases, properties are as defined by Higgs mechanism mfc2=ξf·φ0. The geometry of deformed force-lines defined as a force according to Hooke's law of deformation F=kx. “Field tells particle how to give mass, particle tells field how to give stress,” (S.Fatkhullaev).
Sentence-Level Emotion Apprehension Through Facial Expression & Speech Verification Analysis
Authors: Haque Md. Mohaimanul , Polin Abu Fuzail , Rozario Victor Stany , Das Souvik , Habib Ashik Al
Published: April 2022

The importance of Emotional state apprehension is widely perceived in social interaction and social intelligence. Since the nineteenth century, this has been a popular research subject. In human-to-human communication, the understanding of facial expressions forms a communication carrier that offers vital data about the mental, emotional and even physical state of the persons in conversation. Inevitably user's emotional state plays an important role not only in human associations with other people but also in the way a user uses computers. As the emotional state of a person may determine consistency, task solving, and decision-making skills. Facial expression analysis, as used in this research, refers to computer systems that try to automatically predict user emotional state by analyzing and identifying facial motions and facial feature changes from visual data. Though situations, body gestures, voice, individual diversity, and cultural influences, as well as facial arrangement and timing, all aid in interpretation. Facial expression analysis tools will be used in this research to analyze facial actions regardless of context, society, gender, and so on.
Participatory technology evaluation of malt barley production package at the highlands of North Gondar Zone
Authors: wubie beyadegie , Worku Yonas , Melese Eshetu , Yedemie Semachew
Published: April 2022

Currently, the malt and beer industry in Ethiopia has been growing with increasing in beer demand associated with the rise of urbanization, population growth, and the growing inincomes. To fulfill the demand for malt in the country many activities are done but still, only 35 percent of the demand is covered within the country. The remaining 65 percent of malt demand is covered by importing abroad. By considering the huge potential of malt demand in the country; research organizations generate and adopt high yielder quality malt barley varieties. To provide a menu of varieties along with awareness creation about the new promising malt barley varieties to farmers and extension workers; a participatory technology evaluation of malt barley technology activity was conducted in Wogera and Debark districts in 2016. The evaluated varieties were IBON-174, EH-1847, and Holker. To evaluate and create awareness 5 FREG (111 members) were established and organized training and field days for FREG members. Evaluation of the technology was conducted at the early stage and maturity stage of the plant. The FREG members have selected the varieties based on their selection criteria. Based on farmers' selection criteria EH-1847 and IBON-174 got good acceptance. EH-1847 and IBON-174 varieties were given a mean grain yield of 3158kg/ha and 3128kg/ha respectively and also had a cost-benefit ratio of 15286 and 15038 ETB/ha respectively. So EH-1847 and IBON-174 should scale out in the district and the same agroecology areas of the region.
Stories of Arab Intersex Individuals
Authors: Chabbouh Alfred , Chehab Rim , Charro Elie
Published: April 2022

Knowledge around intersexuality seems inexistent in the Arab world, with intersex individuals being subject to inhumane practices. A semi-structured interview with Helem, an LGBTQIA+ non-governmental organization in Lebanon, was conducted and three cases of intersex individuals were presented. Views on how to manage intersex individuals seem to differ from one physician to another, with many opting for sex-reassignment surgery due to sociocultural rather than medical reasons. Many physicians showed paternalistic approaches during the decision-making process. Moreover, intersex individuals who had been subject to surgery during their childhood showed high levels of psychiatric symptoms. Additionally, intersex individuals’ parents had high levels of stress and anxiety. To conclude, intersex individuals are being subject to abuse in the Arab world, with no medicolegal framework to protect them. Future efforts should focus on raising awareness about intersex issues, preventing unethical surgeries, and educating physicians on how to properly respond to intersex patients.
Perspectives of Workplace Incivility and Nurses Intent to Quit: Investigations Examined
Authors: Coke Monique J. Grant
Published: April 2022

The connection between the nurse employee’s apparent degree of work environment incivility and their expectation to stop their individual associations has been upheld by research for far over 10 years. Placed contentions have additionally analyzed a distinction in nurses' view of work environment incivility considering the kind of working environment (i.e., regardless of whether a public or private healthcare practice), considering the impression of existing working environment incivility and aim to stop employment, separately. The reason for such survey of writings is not just to decide the degree to which work environment incivility influences a nurses' plan to stop employment, yet more so to make for all viewpoints being additionally featured. Additional exploration on working environment incivility, remains continuous, with its related contributory elements, and the impacts on the examined relationships. New research on working environment incivility has critical ramifications for nurses, patients, healthcare services and associations were generally investigated 1, 4, 5, 6, 9, 15, 17, 18, 23, 24, 27, 28, 29 43. 4458, 68, 69, 71, 72. Work environment incivility displays lack of respect, negligence or discourteousness that has formed into a combined issue, proved by irritating unfavorable consequences for human resources, and the adverse consequence on the association 7, 8.
Content of Copper, Iron, Iodine, Rubidium, Strontium and Zinc in Thyroid Malignant Nodules and Thyroid Tissue adjacent to Nodules
Authors: Zaichick Vladimir
Published: April 2022

Thyroid malignant nodules (TMNs) are the most common endocrine cancer. The etiology and pathogenesis of TMNs must be considered as multifactorial. Diagnostic evaluation of TMNs represents a challenge, since there are numerous benign and malignant thyroid disorders that need to be exactly attributed. The present study was performed to clarify the possible role of some trace elements (TEs) as cancer biomarker. For this aim thyroid tissue levels of copper (Cu), iron (Fe), iodine (I), rubidium (Rb), strontium (Sr), and zinc (Zn) were prospectively evaluated in malignant tumor and thyroid tissue adjacent to tumor of 41 patients with TMNs. Measurements were performed using energy-dispersive X-ray fluorescent analysis. Results of the study were additionally compared with previously obtained data for the same TEs in “normal” thyroid tissue. From results obtained, it was possible to conclude that the common characteristics of TMNs in comparison with “normal” thyroid and visually “intact” thyroid tissue adjacent to tumor were drastically reduced level of I. It was supposed that the drastically reduced level of I content in cancerous tissue could possibly be explored for differential diagnosis of benign and malignant thyroid nodules.
Russian consensus on the use of incobotulinumtoxinA in children with cerebral palsy for the treatment of spasticity and sialorrhea
Authors: Kurenkov A. L. , Kuzenkova L. M. , Bursagova B. I. , Chernikov V. V. , Agranovich O. V. , Khachatryan L. G. , Kenis V. M. , Zherebtsova V. A. , Sarzhina M. N. , Odinaeva N. D. , Artemenko A. R. , Popova G. A. , Moroshek E. A. , Tabe E. E. , Nezhelskaya A. A. , Maksimenko A. A. , Akhadova L. Ya. , Indereikin M. V. , Duibanova N. V. , Tikhonova L. V. , Sapogovskiy A. V. , Gadzhialieva Z. M. , Grigorieva A. V. , Perminov V. S. , Fedonyuk I. D. , Kolpakchi L. M. , Kursakova A. Yu. , Tsurina N. A.
Published: April 2022

Botulinum therapy for cerebral palsy (CP) is considered not only as one of the effective approaches for the treatment of increased muscle tone and spasticity, but also as a method of excessive salivation correction. The article presents an overview of the results of Russian and foreign studies on the efficacy and safety of incobotulinumtoxinA for the treatment of spasticity of the lower and upper limbs, as well as sialorrhea in patients with CP. The article also provides a consensus opinion of Russian specialists working with patients with CP and using Xeomin (incobotulinumtoxinA) in their practice for the treatment of spasticity and sialorrhea. This consensus was based on the results of a Russian retrospective multicenter study on the use of incobotulinumtoxinA for the treatment of spasticity and sialorrhea in CP, data from recently published international clinical trials, and our own clinical experience. We present detailed practical recommendations on the calculation of the total dose of incobotulinumtoxinA per procedure for the treatment of spasticity in CP, on the calculation of incobotulinumtoxinA dose for the most common target muscles (lower and upper limbs) for spasticity treatment in CP, on incobotulinumtoxinA dilution and dose calculation for sialorrhea treatment in children, on incobotulinumtoxinA dilution and dose calculation for simultaneous treatment of spasticity and sialorrhea in CP. We justify incobotulinumtoxinA use, when simultaneous treatment of spasticity and sialorrhea is necessary, which allows reducing the intervals between repeated injection cycles. IncobotulinumtoxinA use in children with CP demonstrates a favorable safety profile, including long-term use.
New potential biomarkers of Alzheimer's disease: markers of endothelial dysfunction and neuroinflammation.
Authors: Minochkin A. K. , Lobzin V. Yu. , Suchentseva N. N. , Popov O. S. , Apalko S. V. , Sherbak S. G.
Published: April 2022

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common cause of dementia in the elderly. The aim of the work was

Objective: to determine the relationship between laboratory biomarkers in blood plasma and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) in patients with AD and indicators of neuropsychological testing.

Patients and methods. 52 patients with AD were examined, in which the concentration of 90 potential biomarkers were measured in blood plasma and CSF. Neuropsychological assessment included the Mini-Mental State Exam (MMSE), Frontal Assessment Battery (FAB), Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA), and etc.

Results and discussion. Correlations of different strength between the values of biomarkers in blood plasma and CSF and the results of neuropsychological assessment were revealed. A correlation was found between the soluble cell adhesion molecule (sICAM-1) in blood plasma and the largest number of neuropsychological tests sensitive to dementia stages (MoCA, MMSE, FAB) in patients with AD at the dementia stage. A correlation was found between the concentration of growth/differentiation factor 15 and interferon γ in blood plasma and FAB scores in patients with AD. The levels of granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) in CSF were associated with the dementia stage in AD, and the interleukin-1 receptor antagonist (IL-1RA) levels, on the contrary, with stages preceding the development of dementia in AD.

Conclusion. sICAM-1 level in blood plasma, which is a marker of endothelial dysfunction, may be an indicator of the severity of the vascular neurodegenerative process in AD at the dementia stage. G-CSF in the CSF is associated with the dementia stage in AD, and IL-1RA – with the pre-dementia stage of AD, which determines the prospect of their further study as diagnostic markers.
Effect of hypovitaminosis D on the characteristics of chronic tension-type headache in women
Authors: Koloskova A. A. , Vorobyeva O. V.
Published: April 2022

There is a growing body of evidence linking hypovitaminosis D with the prevalence and severity of various pain conditions. The effect of vitamin D levels on chronic tension type headache (CTTH) is almost unexplored.

Objective: to investigate the effect of serum vitamin D levels on the clinical characteristics of CTTH.

Patients and methods. The study enrolled women with CTTH (n=161). Headache frequency (HF), headache duration (HD), headache intensity (HI), presence of chronic widespread pain (WP) and the number of its zones, severity of anxiety and depression, and sleep quality index were evaluated. The vitamin D level was assessed by the concentration of 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D].

Results and discussion. Low 25(ОН)D-level was associated with an increase in HF, HD and the prevalence of WP. For each of the listed parameters, the values in vitamin D deficiency were higher than in its insufficiency or normal ranges (p<0,001). 25(OH)D-level was inversely correlated with HF (rS=-0,49), HD (rS=-0,51; p<0,05). Vitamin D-deficiency increased the risk of WP: compared to its insufficiency relative risk (RR) was 2.12 (95% CI 1.39–3.21), to the normal ranges – 3.67 (95% CI 1.71–7.88). In case of insufficiency and normal level of vitamin D, the values for the listed parameters did not differ. Other characteristics did not depend on 25(OH)D-level.

Conclusion. In women with CTTH hypovitaminosis D contributes to the greater disease severity. Vitamin D deficiency, which is strongly associated with an increase in pain characteristics, has great clinical significance.
Clinical features of atypical depression in bipolar and recurrent affective disorders, psychogenic depression
Authors: Tyuvina N. A. , Verbitskaya M. S. , Krenkel G. I. , Efremova E. N.
Published: April 2022

Objective: to perform a comparative study of the clinical features of atypical depression (AtD) in affective disorders of various origins: in bipolar affective disorder (BAD), recurrent depressive disorder (RDR) and psychogenic depression (PD).

Patients and methods. A sample of 250 depressed patients aged 18 to 65 years were examined, of which 77 participants (50 women and 27 men) with symptoms of AtD were included to the study. Group 1 included 35 patients with BAD, group 2 – 18 patients with RDR, and group 3 – 24 patients with diagnoses including PD. The patients' condition was assessed using the diagnostic criteria for affective disorders according to ICD-10 and DSM-5 with a Montgomery-Asberg Depression Rating Scale (MADRS).

Results and discussion. AtD detection rate was 30.8%, including 45.4% in BAD, 23.4% – in RDR, and 31.2% – in PD. AtD manifested at the age of about 20 years, and was more common in women. AtD in BAD occurred more often in individuals with cycloid, hyperthymic, and hysterical features. Affective fluctuations before the disease onset, a significantly greater number of depressive episodes in history were characteristic. The most frequent typical depressive symptoms included: daily and seasonal mood fluctuations, morning deterioration of well-being, decreased appetite. High comorbidity with metabolic endocrine diseases was observed. AtD in RDR often began spontaneously in individuals with emotionally labile, psychasthenic, and hysterical features. The most common typical depressive symptoms included melancholy, derealization, weakness, ideas of self-accusation, suicidal thoughts and attempts. A high comorbidity with cardiovascular diseases was found. AtD in PD occurred more often in psychasthenic individuals. The most characteristic symptoms included: increased appetite, anxiety, asthenia, superficial night sleep, hypochondriacal inclusions. Comorbidity with skin and gastrointestinal diseases was observed.

Conclusion. The identified features of the clinical picture and course of AtD in BAD, RDR, and PD can be used for earlier and more accurate evaluation of affective disorders and the adequate treatment administration.
Changes in expression of miRNAs from the DLK1-DIO3 locus are characteristic of relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis regardless of the disease activity
Authors: Baulina N. M. , Kabaeva A. R. , Boyko A. N. , Favorova O. O.
Published: April 2022

The role of miRNAs – small, regulatory, noncoding RNAs – in the multiple sclerosis (MS) development is being intensively investigated. Previously, we the first who observed a significant increase in the expression of 26 microRNA genes localized in the DLK1-DIO3 locus in men with relapsing-remitting MS (RRMS) in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs), using RNA sequencing.

Objective: to evaluate the possible involvement of miRNAs in the regulation of the activity of the pathological process in RRMS by comparing the miRNA genes expression levels from this locus in patients in remission, relapse, and healthy individuals, separately for men and women.

Patients and methods. Analysis of miR-431-5p, miR-127-3p, miR-379, miR-376c, miR-381, miR-410 and miR-656-3p microRNA expression was performed by reverse transcription and subsequent real-time polymerase chain reaction in PBMCs of 16 patients in the relapse stage, 20 patients in remission who did not receive immunomodulatory drugs, and 20 healthy individuals.

Results and discussion. The expression levels of all studied miRNAs did not differ in patients in remission and relapse stages, in men and women. At the same time, men (in remission and relapse) showed a significant increase in the levels of all miRNAs compared with healthy men; in women, no changes in expression were observed. A high level of correlation of miRNA expression from the DLK1-DIO3 locus was shown in both patients and healthy individuals from the control group, regardless of gender. Coexpression was observed not only for miRNA genes from the same cluster (14q32.2 or 14q32.31), but also for genes from different clusters.

Conclusion. The miRNAs genes from the DLK1-DIO3 locus are involved in the pathophysiology of RMS onset, but not in the processes associated with the transition from remission to relapses. The high consistency of miRNA expression, regardless of the localization of their genes within this region, suggests the presense of a common mechanism that regulates their transcription.
Treatment of mental disorders of generative cycle in women
Authors: Medvedev V. E.
Published: April 2022

The clinical and etiological diversity of depressive, anxiety, dysmorphic and psychotic disorders of the generative cycle in women necessitates an integrated approach to evaluation and treatment methods.

During an individual approach to treatment administration, it is necessary to take into account the risk factors (heredity, comorbid disorders, gender, age, etc.) of adverse events, the spectrum of endocrine side effects characteristic of each drug, the balance of drug efficacy and safety.

The effectiveness of hormone replacement therapy, including in combination with “fortifying” drugs, vitamins, dietary supplements, physiotherapy, in mental disorders has not been proven.

Psychopharmacotherapy should include modern antidepressants, anxiolytics, antipsychotics with an emphasis on good tolerance, a minimum of adverse events, compatibility with hormonal therapy, and ease of dosing.

Psychotherapy, psychological support and psycho-correction can reduce the severity of anxiety and depressive symptoms and significantly increase the treatment effectiveness.