bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Advancements and Applications of Quantum Computing in Robotics
Authors: Haldorai Anandakumar
Published: April 2024

Quantum computing is an advanced computing area that utilizes the principles of quantum mechanics to do certain operations at much faster rates compared to traditional computers. Quantum bits, or qubits, have the ability to exist in multiple states simultaneously, unlike traditional bits, which have a state of 0 or 1. This unique property was created by a process known as superposition. This article reviews the various quantum computing applications within the field of robotics. It further discusses the principles of quantum computing such as superposition and qubits, and puts more focus on exponential processing capacity of it. Various quantum algorithms are reviewed in comparison to traditional methods used on completing machine learning tasks and handling robotics. In addition, this paper reviews potential applications of quantum computing within the field of artificial intelligence, data mining, and image process. Lastly, the paper highlights the necessity of effectively integrating robotics with quantum computing, considering application-based protocols, scale-up capacity, and hardware-free algorithms.
¿Retorno de la religión en la Filosofía actual?
Authors: Roa Oscar
Published: April 2024

La religión parece ser uno de los temas que marcan la reflexión filosófica contemporánea. Igualmente asistimos a la manifestación de fenómenos que tienen un fondo religioso: son las prácticas orientales como el yoga, taichí, feng shui, pero también las expresiones mediáticas y trágicas del fanatismo y fundamentalismo presentes en los últimos conflictos globales. Este contexto parece indicar que «la religión vuelve a estar de actualidad» (Trías). Filosóficamente constituye la pregunta fundamental que exploraremos aquí: ¿«Retorno» de la religión en la filosofía actual? Se podría decir que el término que mejor podría definir este fenómeno filosófico es el de «retorno»: retorno porque se trata de la vuelta de lo reprimido e inhibido durante la modernidad ilustrada, pero también porque constituye una línea propia del pensamiento filosófico actual. En este sentido, podríamos definir esta investigación como un esbozo del statu quo de esta vislumbrada vuelta del tema religioso en el pensamiento contemporáneo. Así, pues, ofreceremos una interpretación que parte de la secularización como fenómeno de la Edad Moderna ilustrada que, sin embargo, en el contexto actual de «modernidad en crisis» o «posmoderno» posibilita la vuelta secularizada de la religión en la filosofía. En definitiva, esta reflexión concluirá en la afirmación de la pregunta inicial, no obstante, su importancia radica en el modo de comprenderlo.
La terredad como modo fundador del ser en la poesía cósmica de Eugenio Montejo
Authors: Lozada Carolina
Published: April 2024

Cuando el poeta venezolano Eugenio Montejo frente al canto de un tordo escribe: “no sé qué hacer con este grito, no sé cómo anotarlo” (Algunas palabras, 1976, p.7) está admitiendo una limitación en la que filósofos como Heidegger también han reparado: el lenguaje no es suficiente para nombrar el mundo. A sabiendas de sus limitaciones, pero consciente de la complejidad del discurso lírico Montejo se acoge a este para dar cuenta del paso del hombre por la tierra en un planteamiento al que llamó terredad. Esta terredad establece un puente temático con las reflexiones presocráticas sobre el cosmos, el devenir, y nociones aristotélicas como eidos y ousía.
Ethical Issues in Nutrition Intervention Research at the Workplace: A Narrative Review
Authors: Rofi Rahmaning Widi  , Basrowi Ray
Published: April 2024

Introduction: Issues related to ethics discussed in an article are currently still very limited unless the article discusses “ethical issues”. Interventions are treatments that often pose challenges related to ethics during their implementation and even afterward, one of which is intervention in the field of nutrition in the workplace. The aim of this review is to describe ethical issues in nutrition-related interventions in the workplace.Methods: We conducted a search on the PubMed Central database in November 2023 to look at various publications and journals in the last 5 years related to the ethical issue of nutritional interventions in the workplace using the keywords: nutritional interventions, ethics, workplace.Results: Total of 3 journals as literature review. The relationship between the risks and benefits of participating in research is an important aspect of the principle of beneficence. Research can be ethically acceptable if risks have been minimized (both by preventing potential harm and minimizing possible negative impacts) and the benefits of research are greater than the risks. The results illustrate the wide range of nature, types, and scope of existing public health nutrition-related interventions, and the range of ethical issues that may arise from these interventions, in addition to the many different contexts in which they may be applied.Conclusions: The results of this review describe the varying nature, types, and scope of existing (or planned) workplace nutrition-related interventions, the different contexts in which they are implemented, and the various ethical issues that may arise. Ethical issues can only be addressed by considering the complexity of each situation. it is universally agreed that all health research that includes humans as research subjects must be based on the ethical principle of respect for human dignity (respect for person), doing good (beneficence), and justice (justice)
Against an Argument for Objective Probabilities of Undetermined Choices
Authors: Conti Daniele
Published: April 2024

According to libertarianism about free will, at least some of the choices we make are free and undetermined. Many libertarians also accept the thesis that, before we make an undetermined choice, there is a nontrivial objective probability that we will make that choice. In the literature on free will, the ascription of objective probabilities is sometimes justified via an “Argument from Motivation,” which adverts to the fact that typically, in situations of choice, we are more motivated to choose some options over others. In this paper, I will examine this argument and I will argue that it is unsound, as one of its premises is at odds with a widely accepted principle governing the evolution of objective probabilities over time.
Mit Gott im Reinen
Authors: Reeves Michael
Published: April 2024

Den meisten von uns fällt es schwer, sich Zeit zum Beten zu nehmen. Doch keine Sorge: Dieses Buch ist keines von der Sorte, die deine Schuldgefühle vergrößert – es fordert dich nicht auf, mehr und besser zu beten. Nein, Michael Reeves zeigt, weshalb Gebet so wichtig ist, aber auch, wie wir Freude daran haben können.
Tempos de suspensão:
Authors: Nicolini Cristiano , Dias Adriel de Oliveira
Published: April 2024

O contexto da pandemia do Coronavírus provocou uma série de alterações no cotidiano de muitas pessoas em todas as partes do mundo. Nesse texto, apresentamos resultados parciais de duas investigações que se cruzam ao analisar os efeitos da suspensão das aulas presenciais no ano de 2020, especificamente no Estado de Goiás, Brasil. Para isso, coletamos narrativas de docentes e estudantes da Educação Básica, através de cartas e questionários. A partir de resultados prévios, buscamos interpretar as evidências considerando os conceitos de consciência histórica, aprendizagem histórica, sofrimentos e angústias frente ao evento estressor que alterou o cotidiano das escolas. Consideramos essas narrativas como evidências a serem compreendidas na perspectiva científica, para que possamos registrar e interpretar o tempo histórico na dimensão do ensino de História e seus efeitos em contextos adversos.
Botulinumtoxin bei Blepharospasmus – eine retrospektive Auswertung
Authors: Schmidt Leonie , Liekfeld Anja
Published: April 2024

Purpose: Essential blepharospasm can be treated effectively with regular injections of botulinum toxin. The aim of this retrospective study was to evaluate long-term data from patients treated with regular injections over 9 years. Material and Methods: Treatment efficacy and clinical outcomes were investigated retrospectively over a period of 9 years. 9 patients (30%) had unilateral and 21 bilateral blepharospasm (70 %). The standard injection record cards, which included injection site, dosage and documentation of side effects and efficacy, were analyzed. Results: The long-term data over 9 years in 30 patients with 520 treatment sessions showed subjectively positive results in almost 80 % without relevant short-term or long-term side effects. Treatment had to be repeated after an average of 105 days when the effect wore off. The only long-term side effect was asymmetric wrinkling after more than 5 years of regular injections for unilateral blepharospasm. Conclusion: Essential blepharospasm can be treated effectively with regular injections of botulinum toxin. It is generally a long-term therapy. Education about the clinical presentation and sensitization to the variable and non-specific symptoms and treatment options is important for all ophthalmology-associated professional groups.
Application of discrete element method in agricultural engineering
Authors: Chen Lintao , Mou Xiangwei , Peng Zhujing
Published: April 2024

The basic principles of the discrete element method were summarized, and commonly used software and its characteristics were introduced. The application of the discrete element method in tillage, planting, harvesting, and other agricultural machinery R&D was reviewed. Typical examples of the application of the discrete element method in agricultural machinery research and design at home and abroad were discussed and analyzed. Application prospect and trend of discrete element method in the field of agricultural engineering were prospected in order to provide reference for further development of modern agricultural equipment digital design.
Study on health evaluation model of modern irrigation district project based on AHP-FCE
Authors: Zhang Yao , Yao Huaizhu , Fang Kai , Ding Jihui , Zhou Jiahua , Yu Shuangen , Sun Xiaoqin
Published: April 2024

Objective: The modernization of irrigation areas is an important guarantee of national food security. Make clear the health status of irrigation projects, put forward the renovation plan for modern irrigation areas, guide the construction of modern irrigation areas, and promote agricultural modernization. Method: Taking Lailong Irrigation District in Jiangsu Province as an example, the health evaluation index system of key projects in the irrigation district was constructed, and the weight of each evaluation index was calculated by AHP and a fuzzy comprehensive evaluation model (AHP-FCE) to evaluate the health status of key projects. Results: The proportions of “good”, “medium” and “poor” in the comprehensive evaluation of the health status of the pump station project and the sluice project in Lailong Irrigation District were 16.72%, 53.33%, 30%, 13.51%, 48.65%, and 37.84%, respectively. In the evaluation of the criterion level, the proportion of “poor” information level evaluation level reached 63.33% and 64.86%. This paper analyzes the key problems and weak links of the modernization of the irrigation project in the Lailong irrigation area and puts forward the requirements for the modernization of the Lailong irrigation area according to the basic characteristics of the modern irrigation area. Conclusion: Water-saving reconstruction projects in irrigated areas basically meet the requirements of irrigation and drainage, but information technology has not been applied in the reconstruction of irrigated areas, and the construction of modern irrigated areas should pay more attention to information construction. This paper provides a theoretical basis and technical support for the modernization of irrigation areas in Jiangsu Province.
Effects of LED light intensity on purple leaf lettuce seedlings
Authors: Dai Lvye , Zhang Xin , Teng Yingzi , Gu Yiyin , Chen Li , Kong Xiaoping , Han Yingyan
Published: April 2024

To explore the light intensity suitable for the growth of purple leaf lettuce seedlings in plant factories and greenhouses, the effects of light intensity of 6000, 12,000, 18,000, 24,000, and 30,000 lx on growth morphology, nutritional quality, photosynthetic pigment, and photosynthetic characteristics of purple leaf lettuce seedlings were studied with ‘Beizisheng 3’ as the experimental material under the condition of white light quality unchanged. The results showed that under a light intensity of 30,000 lx, purple leaf lettuce seedlings grew well, and the biomass, chlorophyll a content, chlorophyll b content, carotenoid content, total chlorophyll, soluble protein content, soluble sugar content, vitamin C content, anthocyanin content, net photosynthetic rate, transpiration rate, and stomatal conductance were the largest, while the nitrate content and intercellular CO2 concentration were the lowest. However, chlorophyll b content, carotenoid content, soluble protein content, and transpiration rate had no significant difference compared with those under 24000 lx light intensity, and the plant height was the highest under 24,000 lx light intensity. Under the condition of white light quality, the most suitable light intensity for the growth of purple leaf lettuce seedlings is 30,000 lx.
Seroepidemiology and associated risk factors of brucellosis in small ruminants of district Khanewal, Pakistan
Authors: Shirwany Abdul , Awais Mian , Anwar Muhammad , Hameed Muhammad , Akhtar Masood , Ijaz Nabeel , Gill Shakera , Ali Muhammad , Bhatti Muhammad , Chaudhry Mamoona
Published: April 2024

Objectives: Keeping in view the economic and veterinary public health importance of brucellosis, this research was conducted to determine its seroprevalence and associated risk determinants in small ruminants in district Khanewal, Southern Punjab, Pakistan.
Materials and Methods: Two-stage cluster sampling technique was used for sampling, and the sample size was calculated using C-survey 2.0. Accordingly, sera samples (n = 392) were collected from small ruminants in the study area from October 2022 to July 2023. All the samples were tested for the presence of anti-Brucella antibodies by Rose Bengal Plate Test (RBPT), followed by confirmation of all the samples using an enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kit (ID.vet®, France; sensitivity and specificity=100%, each).
Results: The seropositivity rate of brucellosis was 7.14% [n = 28/392; 95% confidence interval (CI) = 4.87%–10.12%] by RBPT, whereas the results of ELISA showed an overall seroprevalence rate of 7.40% (n = 29/392; 95% CI = 5.11%–10.37%) in the study population. Univariate analysis of risk factors revealed that abortion history (AH), retained fetal membranes (RFMs), repeat breeding, flock size (FS), educational status of farmers (ESFs), awareness about brucellosis (AB), and farm hygiene had a significant association with the seroprevalence of brucellosis (p < 0.05). The multivariate analysis using a binary logistic regression model revealed that variables including tehsil, FS, AH, RFM, ESF, AB, and farming system were significant factors (p < 0.05) associated with brucellosis in the target population.
Conclusion: Brucellosis is prevalent in small ruminants in Khanewal, Pakistan. The disease burden can be reduced by improving the reproductive health of animals, farm hygiene, and farmers’ awareness about the diseases. Further studies are needed on a larger scale to devise stringent disease control strategies to avoid losses associated with brucellosis at regional, national, and global levels.
Sustainable shrimp farming in Sri Lanka; Utilization of BMPs and antibiotics use
Authors: Kono Hiroichi , Sajiki Takahiro , Abeykoon M , Kato Keisuke , Randrianantoandro Tiana
Published: April 2024

Objective: In the context of the fast-expanding shrimp farming industry in Sri Lanka, this study aimed to evaluate the distribution and understanding of BMPs, examine the relationship between BMPs and disease outbreaks, and analyze the current antibiotic usage trends through a fact-finding survey.
Materials and Methods: A questionnaire survey was conducted in 131 shrimp farms located in Puttalam District in North Western Province, where shrimp farming is thriving in Sri Lanka. The survey was conducted from September to October 2021. In addition, in August 2022 and August 2023, interviews were conducted with shrimp farms in Puttalam district and Batticaloa district, shrimp hatcheries, and export companies. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, Probit, and Tobit regression analysis.
Results: The item-count technique revealed a significant (p < 0.05) difference in the use of antibiotics without consulting experts, signifying inappropriate use. No aquaculture farmer reported being unaware of BMPs, and among the 45 farmers who attended a BMPs seminar, 30 claimed to possess a good understanding of BMPs. Probit and Tobit regression results revealed that the rate of understanding of BMPs, education level, and obtaining information on the sanitation management of shrimp farming from extension and guidance organizations were inversely associated with both disease incidence in shrimp farming and shrimp discards.
Conclusion: Although the use of antibiotics is prohibited in BMPs, the analysis results suggest inappropriate use of antibiotics. The findings indicate that enhanced BMP understanding can reduce disease incidence and shrimp discards, emphasizing the need for incentives to promote BMP adoption and reduce the necessity for antibiotics.
Effect of baker’s yeast fermented moist feed on the growth and bone mineralization in broiler
Authors: Aktar Jesmin , Islam Khan , Chowdhury Rakhi , Debi Momota , Emon Ashik
Published: April 2024

Objective: The effect of feeding yeast-fermented feed in various forms on broiler growth performance and bone mineralization was studied.
Materials and Methods: Initially, a corn-soy-based diet was formulated and fermented in anaerobic conditions at 28°C in laboratory space for 48 h with yeast (2.0%) and moisture (50%). Afterward, the 150 newly hatched Arbeor Acres commercial broiler chicks were divided into 5 dietary groups (30 chicks, 6 cages, and 5 birds per cage). Each group received one of the following formulated and fermented diets: dry feed (DF), moist feed (MF), yeast-added dry feed (Y-DF), yeast-added moist feed (Y-MF), or yeast-fermented moist feed (YF-MF). Water and feed were supplied ad libitum. Six birds per group were slaughtered at age 37 for the determination of carcass traits and tibia ash.
Results: Fermentation improved crude protein from 20.7% to 22.8% but declined crude fiber from 7.9% to 6.3% in the YF-MF group compared to the DF group. High body weight gain was recorded in 771, 830, and 992 gm in the MF, Y-MF, and YF-MF groups, respectively, compared to the DF (762 gm) group (p < 0.01). The feed conversion ratio was better in the Y-MF (1.57) and YF-MF (1.57) groups than in the DF (1.75) group. Feeding a fermented, moist diet resulted in improved carcass yield (69%) in the YF-MF group. Bone mineralization expressed a better tibia ash percentage (35% from 30%) in the YF-MF group compared to the DF group.
Conclusion: Therefore, YF-MF enhanced the quality of feed and improved growth, carcass weight, and bone mineralization in broiler.
Evaluation of potential genetic marker for growth and carcass traits in Sumba Ongole (Bos indicus) cattle
Authors: Agung Paskah , Saputra Ferdy , Putra Widya , Said Syahruddin , Zein Moch , Harianja Febrina , Sudiro Aditya
Published: April 2024

Objective: This study was conducted to investigate the variants of the growth hormone receptor (GHR), growth hormone-releasing hormone (GHRH), pituitary-specific transcription factor-1 (PIT1), and signal transducer and activator of transcription 5A (STAT5) genes and their effect on growth performance and dressing percentage (DP) parameters.
Materials and Methods: A total of 401 DNA samples from Sumba Ongole (SO) cattle were utilized for the polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism method, of which 200 samples were used for the study of DP association and 74 samples were used to investigate growth performance. The SO cattle growth performance includes the following: birth weight, weaning weight at 205 days of age, weaning average daily gain (ADG), yearling weight at 365 days of age, and post-weaning ADG.
Results: The GHR, GHRH, PIT1, and STAT5A genes showed polymorphism. The highest polymorphism information content value was shown in the STAT5A gene. The highest DP value was found in the SO cattle population with the CC genotype (STAT5A), and the lowest DP value was found in the SO cattle population with the GG genotype (GHR). The GHR and STAT5A genotypes were highly associated (p < 0.05) with the DP parameter. Based on locus combination analysis, the highest DP value was found in the SO cattle population with AG|CC genotype (GHR|STAT5A) (57.85%), AG|BB|CC genotype (GHR|GHRH|STAT5A) (57.85%), and AA|BB|BB|CC genotype 18 (GHR|GHRH|PIT1|STAT5A) (56.02%).
Conclusion: All investigated genes in this study were polymorphic but were not associated with several growth parameters. The GHR and STAT5A genes can be proposed as genetic markers for the high DP trait in SO cattle in Indonesia, especially the AA genotype (GHR) and CC genotype (STAT5A).
Maintaining the physical quality and digestibility of pellet feed through the use of plant-based pellet binder
Authors: Jaelani Achmad , Rostini Tintin , Zakir Muhammad , Sugiarti Sugiarti , Fitryani Rayhana
Published: April 2024

Objectives: This study aimed to analyze the effects of the use of binders on the physical quality and digestibility of Alabio ducks (Anas platyrinchos Borneo).
Materials and Methods: Pellet binders used tapioca meal (TM) (Manihot utilissima), sago meal (SM) (Metroxylon sagu Rottb.), and sweet potato meal (SPM) (Ipomoea batatas) pelleted feed. Laying Alabio ducks, around 120 birds, aged 20 weeks with an average body weight of 1,426 ± 113.5 gm, were used. A fully randomized design with 4 treatments and 15 repeats was used in this study. The variables measured include the physical quality and digestibility of pellet feed. Data analysis used a Fisher test. For the distinction between treatments, the Duncan multiple-range test was conducted.
Results: The finding showed that the plant-based pellet binder had a natural effect on physical properties, including pellet durability index, moisture content, threshold power, stack density, and stack compacted density. The strength of the pellet binder is seen in the durability index of TM 98.12%, SM 97.64%, and SPM 97.35%, respectively. However, these variables did not differ significantly in terms of specific gravity and stack angle. Pellet binders considerably affect the consumption of feed and vary markedly in dry matter, organic matter, and metabolizable energy digestibility.
Conclusion: Plant-based pellet binders influence the physical quality and digestibility of pelleted feed in Alabio ducks. TM can maintain physical quality and digestibility compared to SM and SPM as plant-based pellet binders.
Assessment of total aflatoxin and ochratoxin A in poultry feed ingredients by thin-layer chromatography and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay
Authors: Rahim Mustafa , Rashid Nadeem , Khanoranga Khanoranga , Ahmad Waqas , Rehmat Zainia , Rais Afroz , Siddique Zainab , Kamran Kashif
Published: April 2024

Objective: This study was conducted to evaluate the prevalence of total aflatoxin (AF) and ochratoxin A (OTA) in poultry feed ingredients under different environmental conditions during the summer and winter seasons, while the hygiene quality of the feed ingredient was assessed through viable fungal count (VFC).
Materials and Methods: A total of 288 poultry feed ingredients (n = 96 each) samples were collected from different poultry shops, which were initially analyzed for the presence of AF and OTA through thin layer chromatography (TLC) and then confirmed the contamination concentration through the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay method.
Results: The results of the current study confirmed the incidence of contamination with AF and OTA by TLC and ELISA methods. The contamination level of AF ranged from 26.09 to 50.56 (mean = 41.22 ± 9.45) μg/kg, whereas the contamination level of OTA ranged from 50.13 to 6.21 (mean 42.60 ± 6.21) μg/kg. The contamination level of AF was found to be above the permissible level set by the Food and Drug Administration (20 μg/kg), whereas the contamination level of OTA was below the permissible limits. Moreover, the VFC values were also below the recommended level. The results showed that the association between AF, OTA, and moisture content was significant (p < 0.05).
Conclusion: Mycotoxin contamination was significantly (p < 0.05) highest in the winter season. These findings suggested that continuous monitoring regimes might prevent mycotoxin contamination in poultry feed ingredients.
Occurrence of mycotoxins in swine feed from South Korea
Authors: Jin Wen , Park Soo , Kim Yo , Kim Sung , Han Jeong
Published: April 2024

Objectives: To update recent information on contamination levels of mycotoxins in South Korea.
Materials and methods: A total of 208 samples sourced from the feeds of swine farms were collected. The contamination levels of mycotoxins, which are aflatoxin (Afla), ochratoxin A (OTA), deoxynivalenol (DON), zearalenone (ZEN), fumonisin (FUM), and T-2 toxin, were investigated by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISAs).
Results: The detection levels of the total samples were 78.91% for DON, 75.24% for Afla, 47.02% for ZEN, 68.31% for FUM, and 5.94% for OTA and T-2, which were not detected at all. Most of the analyzed mycotoxins showed significant high occurrences in 47.02%–78.91% of the swine feed samples. 11 of the 152 alfa-positive samples exceeded the maximum residue limit (MRL) of Afla proposed by the Korean regulation. In the analysis of mycotoxin detection levels by growth stage, ZEN was found in the nursery stage at a remarkably high concentration level (126.46 ± 63.76 ppb), exceeding the MRL of ZEN for piglets proposed by the European Commission. This mycotoxin was also found in the samples from the gestation barn (89.04 ± 46.05 ppb) and the farrowing house (105.58 ± 94.12) at a high concentration level. Afla was found in the nursery stage at a high concentration (8.00 ± 2.22 ppb), approaching the MRL (10 ppb) of Afla proposed by the Korean regulation.
Conclusion: These results indicate that many swine farms in South Korea are still exposed to mycotoxin risk, and special attention and surveillance are necessary for these mycotoxin risks in swine farms.
Typology and characterization of the agricultural productive units in the NE Amazonian region of Ecuador
Authors: Peralta Armando , Rivera Santiago , Ruiz Mar , Salazar Marcelo , Oscullo Pablo , uste Leonardo
Published: April 2024

Objective: Many studies have observed different characteristics among productive systems in the rural territories of Latin America. Therefore, understanding and characterizing them while they function plays an essential role in determining their relationship between development and environment. A study has been conducted in the Orellana province of NE Ecuador to determine their typology and then classify them according to the variables that describe their main traits or attributes using cluster analysis (CA).
Materials and Methods: A survey was structured to investigate physical, productive, environmental, as well as socioeconomic character variables, which were subsequently applied to a random sample of the 5,963 agricultural productive units (APUs) through face-to-face contact with producers during an in situ visit to their farms.
Result: The CA allowed us to identify three typologies of APUs in the Orellana Province. The first has been Type 1, which is denominated as the most conventional (40%), while Type 2 uses more efficient natural resources but represents an amount of only 9.4%. In contrast, type 3 (50.6%) depends on a significant part of local or national development programs.
Conclusion: All groups indicated some peculiarities in common, as there were marked differences in the use and distribution of land as well as production methods among them. Consequently, this pioneering study allowed us to identify different production methods. Therefore, we encourage local and national governments to establish policies for natural resource conservation in such high-diversity zones.
Meta-analysis of the relationship between dietary starch intake and enteric methane emissions in cattle from in vivo experiments
Authors: Herliatika Agustin , Widiawati Yeni , Jayanegara Anuraga , Harahap Rakhmad , Kusumaningrum Diana , Shiddieqy Mohammad , Sasongko Wahidin , Asmairicen Sharli , Hadiatry Maureen , Putri Alif , Handiwirawan Eko , Kostaman Tatan , Praharani Lisa , Adiati Umi
Published: April 2024

Objective: Different sources and levels of starch in the total mixed ration might result in different rumen fermentation profiles, rumen microbial composition, and enteric methane production. The current study aimed to evaluate the effect of dietary starch intake on enteric methane production through a meta-analytical approach by integrating related published studies.
Materials and Methods: Papers that provided study results on enteric methane production from cattle fed different sources and levels of starch were selected. A total of 52 publications were filtered based on some specified criteria, comprised of 73 studies focused on enteric methane production in cattle fed a basal diet supplemented with starch. The collected data were subjected to statistical meta-analysis through a mixed methodology model. The p-value and root mean square error (RMSE) were applied as the statistical models.
Results: Results showed that increasing the level of dietary starch intake and its digestibility in the rumen as well as increasing propionate significantly decreased the acetate to propionate (A/P)ratio as well as enteric methane production (p < 0.01).
Conclusions: It is concluded that the addition of starch to diets mitigates enteric methane production from cattle, primarily through two ways, i.e., manipulation of the protozoa population and alteration to a lower A/P ratio.
Effect of the COVID-19 epidemic on drug resistance of Staphylococcus aureus infection
Authors: Zhao Chaohui , Guo Zhaowang , Li Xinghua , Ji Yuxin , Li Tingting , Li Meiyi , Wang Chengzhuo , Chen Jie , Luo Yuting , Liu Xi
Published: April 2024

Introduction: Staphylococcus aureus was associated with more than 1 million deaths in 2019. The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has lasted three years. In China, measures to control COVID-19 cases were adjusted in December 2022. In this study, we investigated the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on the drug resistance of S. aureus infection.
Methodology: A retrospective analysis was performed, focusing on the clinical distribution and drug resistance of distributions of S. aureus isolated from the Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University during the COVID-19 pandemic from January 2020 to March 2023. The effects of COVID-19 control measures on the drug resistance of S. aureus infection were further investigated.
Results: A total of 1437 strains of S. aureus were isolated, with a methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) detection rate of 19.2%. The department with the highest detection rate was the oncology department (17.0%, 244/1437), followed by the intensive care unit (11.1%, 159/1437), the dermatology department (10.7%, 154/1437), and the wound repair and burn department (9.7%, 139/1437). The most frequent specimens were secretions (42.0%, 603/1437), followed by sputum (23.3%, 335/1437), blood (10.7%, 154/1437), and pus (5.4%, 78/1437). The population distribution was primarily male (62.3%, 895/1437). S. aureus infections were most common among those aged 50–65 (32.8%, 472/1437), followed by those aged 18–49 (30.7%, 441/1437). S. aureus was most resistant to penicillin G (86.3%), followed by erythromycin (37.9%) and clindamycin (37.3%). The antibiotics with no resistance were linezolid, teicoplanin, tigecycline, and vancomycin. There was no significant difference in the drug-resistance rate between COVID-19–positive and COVID-19–negative patients.
Conclusions: The outbreak of COVID-19 in 2020 and the adjustment of control measures had no significant impact on the drug resistance of S. aureus infection.
Fresh goose-fat to cure a nightmare?
Authors: Demarée Rob
Published: April 2024

The health problems of the draughtsman Nebre involving the intervention of deities are well-known in Egyptological literature. Several stelae set up by him bear witness of his gratitude for the benevolence shown by deities in curing sicknesses within his family.

The texts of two ostraca – one of which unknown so far – present more insight into the mental difficulties of this prominent member of the Deir el-Medina community and the remarkable proposed medical prescription.
AS EMOÇÕES CONFIANÇA E PERTENCIMENTO NA PRÁTICA DOS CÍRCULOS DE CONSTRUÇÃO DE PAZ
Authors: Silva Maria Cristiane Lopes da , Santos Merysany Silva dos , Freitas Geovani Jacó de , Santos Sanymery Silva dos , Viegas Ana Patrícia da Silva Mendes Paton
Published: April 2024

As emoções, aqui definidas, compreendem o campo de discussão da sociologia das emoções no processo de interação face a face nos Círculos de Construção de Paz (CCPs), sendo esses CCPs uma metodologia que favorece a conversa circular entre um grupo de pessoas que são convidadas a participar do ritual como forma de empoderamento para lidar com situações conflitivas. Assim, significa uma experiência dialógica de educação emocional utilizada nas diversas instituições educacionais da rede pública cearense. Os CCPs constitui-se com a seguinte estrutura e ritualística: agrupamento de participantes sentados em círculo com um conjunto de elementos no seu centro, simbolizando visualmente a intencionalidade da reunião dialógica; uma cerimônia de abertura para declarar o início do círculo; um check-in que representa o “termômetro” para saber como os participantes estão chegando; a feitura dos valores que idealiza os fundamentos da conversa circular; a construção dos combinados para sedimentar as normativas do diálogo; a contação de histórias referente a intencionalidade dos CCPs; o check-out e a cerimônia de encerramento, marcando o final da comunicação circular; além disso, conta-se com o bastão da fala ou objeto da palavra, um elemento regulador que permite que o participante, com o bastão em mão, possa oportunizar o momento de fala (Silva, 2023). Portanto, objetiva-se compreender as emoções que ecoam nos CCPs como elementos de educação emocional, impactando no processo relacional no cotidiano escolar. Nessa direção, encontram-se as reflexões sobre a temática das emoções, a da educação e o dos CCPs, alicerçado nas concepções de Mauro Koury, Erving Goffman, Le Breton, Randall Collins, Pierre Bourdieu, Paulo Freire e Belinda Hopkins, entre outros. Em termos metodológicos, constitui-se pela revisão bibliográfica com base interpretativa, entrelaçando-se com algumas análises vivenciais nos CCPs. Por fim, a ideia não é apontar resultados conclusivos, mas sim poder contribuir para o processo reflexivo sobre a temática e o que puder ser descoberto para garantia de sempre melhores resultados.
REFLEXÕES SOBRE O PROCESSO DE IMPLEMENTAÇÃO DAS EEMTIs NA CIDADE DE IPU - CE
Authors: Souza Francisco Wendel Cesar Braga de , Raitz Tânia Regina
Published: April 2024

O presente artigo apresenta resultados e reflexões acerca de uma pesquisa que objetivou analisar a implementação das Escolas de Ensino Médio de Tempo Integral-EEMTI, na cidade de Ipu-CE. O texto traz questões significativas de uma pesquisa tipo bibliográfica e documental, em que se partiu da historicidade da implementação do Ensino Médio em Tempo Integral, no estado do Ceará, em alguns municípios até a cidade de Ipu-CE, mostrando que todas as escolas da cidade estão no processo de integralização. Na investigação foram analisados documentos, leis e registros disponibilizados pela SEDUC-CE e pelas escolas de educação integral, além dos registros escritos de outros estudos analisados na base de dados Scielo, CAPES, UFC e UECE. A metodologia de abordagem qualiquantitativa, envolveu levantamento de dados de domínio público, além dos achados na literatura. Os resultados mostram que a cidade de Ipu-CE é uma das primeiras do estado do Ceará a ter 100% das escolas em Tempo Integral. Observou-se no estudo que as escolas estão em processo de organização para ter 100% das turmas integralizadas, com estrutura física e pedagógica. O texto está estruturado de forma metodológica da seguinte forma: no primeiro tópico foi analisada a implementação das EEMTIs no Ceará levando em conta o processo histórico; no segundo tópico apresentamos o desenvolvimento e surgimento das EEMTIs na cidade de Ipu-CE e no terceiro tópico os resultados e discussão da implementação do tempo integral de cada escola da cidade de Ipu-CE.
UNIFIED MANAGEMENT OF INVESTIGATIVE ACTIONS AS A MANAGERIAL FUNCTION OF OVERCOMING ITS FORENSIC COMPLEXITY
Authors: Кисленко С.Л. , Хижняк Д.С.
Published: April 2024

Производство всех следственных действий осуществляется с учетом признанных в криминалистике принципов их реализации, основанных на уголовно-процессуальном законодательстве. Одним из важнейших принципов является единое руководство следственным действием. Такое руководство осу-ществляет следователь (дознаватель). Реализация следователем данного прин-ципа зачастую затрудняется факторами, формирующими криминалистическую сложность следственного действия. В статье предложено определение криминалистической сложности след-ственного действия. С ее учетом на примере производства осмотра места проис-шествия предложена программа реализации принципа единого руководства след-ственным действием. Данная программа разработана на основе применения ме-тода моделирования. В частности, она основывается на ряде процедурных моде-лей деятельности следователя.

The conduct of all investigative actions is based on principles accepted in criminology and based on criminal procedural legislation. One of the most important principles of investigative actions is unified management of the investigative action. Such leadership is carried out by the investigator (interrogating officer). The implementation of this principle by the investigator is often hampered by factors that shape the forensic complexity of the investigative action. The article proposes a definition of the forensic complexity of an investigative action. Taking this into account, using the example of crime scene investigation, a program for implementing the principle of unified management of the investigative action is proposed. This program is developed based on the application of the modeling method. In particular, it is based on a number of procedural models of investigator’s activity.
THE ESSENCE, SIGNIFICANCE AND CLASSIFICATION OF (PRELIMINARY) RESEARCH AS A NON-PROCEDURAL FORM OF USE SPECIAL KNOWLEDGE
Authors: Рыжков И.В. , Рыжкова А.А.
Published: April 2024

В статье проведен анализ законодательной и ведомственной нормативной правовой базы, а также литературных источников научно-практического характера, раскрывающих сущность и содержание исследований, проводимых на первоначальном этапе расследования. Сформированы и раскрыты два подхода к пониманию исследований. Сделан вывод о целесообразности формирования единого ведомственного представления о сущности и порядке проведения исследований как непроцессуальной формы использования специальных знаний. С учетом полученных результатов предложена классификация рассматриваемой формы использования специальных знаний.

The article analyzes the legislative and departmental regulatory framework, as well as literary sources of a scientific and practical nature, revealing the essence and content of research conducted at the initial stage of the investigation. Two approaches to understanding research have been formed and disclosed. The conclusion is made about the expediency of forming a unified departmental understanding of the essence and procedure of conducting research, as a non-procedural form of using special knowledge. Taking into account the results obtained, a classification of the considered form of using special knowledge is proposed.
THE CONCEPT OF IATROGENIC OFFENCES IN THE FIELD OF COSMETOLOGY SERVICES, INADEQUATE SAFETY
Authors: Исаханова Е.В.
Published: April 2024

В статье рассматриваются подходы к пониманию сущности и содержания ятрогении и ятрогенных преступлений с медицинской, уголовно-правовой и криминалистической точек зрения, которые позволяют определить их характерные особенности. Экстраполируя полученные результаты на специфику оказания косметологических услуг, не отвечающих требованиям безопасности и повлекших причинение вреда здоровью и (или) жизни человека, отраженную в соответствующей следственной и судебной практике, автор делает вывод об относимости данной категории дел к особому виду ятрогенных преступлений. Итогом проведенного исследования является сформулированная дефиниция ятрогенных преступлений в сфере оказания косметологических услуг, не отвечающих требованиям безопасности.

The article considers approaches to understanding the essence and content of iatrogeny and iatrogenic crimes from the medical, criminal-legal and criminalistics points of view, which allow to determine their characteristic features. Extrapolating the obtained results to the specifics of rendering cosmetology services that do not meet safety requirements and caused harm to human health and (or) life, reflected in the relevant investigative and judicial practice, the author concludes that this category of cases is attributable to a special type of iatrogenic crimes. The result of the conducted research is the formulated definition of iatrogenic crimes in the sphere of rendering cosmetology services that do not meet safety requirements.
FORENSIC SUPPORT OF ACTIVITIES TO SUPPORT STATE PROSECUTION IN THE COURT OF FIRST INSTANCE AS THE SUBJECT OF DISSERTATION RESEARCH
Authors: Грибунов О.П.
Published: April 2024

В криминалистической науке в последнее время диссертационные исследования на соискание ученой степени доктора юридических наук проводятся, как правило, либо по общетеоретическим вопросам криминалистики, либо по судебной экспертизе, либо по тактике и методике расследования отдельных видов или групп преступлений, что на самом деле вполне закономерно: основной предмет криминалистики – изучение закономерностей механизма преступления. Вместе с тем хотелось бы обратить внимание на работу Кисленко Сергея Леонидовича по теме «Концептуальные основы криминалистического обеспечения деятельности по поддержанию государственного обвинения в суде первой инстанции», представленной к защите на соискание ученой степени доктора юридических наук по специальности 5.1.4. Уголовно-правовые науки, в которой рассмотрены тактика и методика криминалистического сопровождения деятельности прокурора в рамках судебного разбирательства уголовных дел.

In forensic science, in recent times, dissertation research for the degree of Doctor of Law has been carried out, as a rule, either on general theoretical issues of criminology, or on forensic examination, or on tactics and methods of investigating certain types or groups of crimes, which is in fact quite natural: The main subject of criminology is the study of the laws of the crime mechanism. At the same time, I would like to draw attention to the work of Sergei Leonidovich Kislenko on the topic “Conceptual foundations of forensic support for supporting public prosecution in the court of first instance,” submitted for defense for the degree of Doctor of Law in specialty 5.1.4. Criminal law sciences, which examines the tactics and methods of forensic support for the activities of the prosecutor in the framework of the trial of criminal cases.
Literature Review On Fast Missile Ships (KCR) In The Context Of Military Modernization: A Historical Review And Challenges To Indonesia's Contribution To Maritime Defense
Authors: Shidqi Divreda Sulaeman  , I Nengah Putra A  , Imanuel Dindin
Published: April 2024

This research presents a in-depth analysis of the history and contribution of Indonesia's Fast Attack Craft (Kapal Cepat Rudal or KCR), focusing on the evolution from the first generation to the sixth generation. As an archipelagic nation with complex maritime defense challenges, Indonesia views KCR as a critical asset in maintaining sovereignty and maritime security. In the context of military modernization, this research aims to understand the impact of KCR on national defense. The applied research method is Systematic Literature Review (SLR), providing a comprehensive analytical framework for relevant literature on the research topic. A total of 80 articles were collected and analyzed, forming a strong foundation to illustrate the transformation of KCR in terms of history, technology, operations, and tactics. The research results indicate that the first-generation KCR, such as the Komar class, played a key role during the confrontation with Malaysia and various military operations. In the second generation, the Ahmad Yani class showed technological advancements and weapon system success in maintaining national security. The third generation, represented by the Fatahillah class, brought significant innovation with the use of MM38 Exocet missiles, enhancing self-defense capabilities. Subsequent generations demonstrated significant development, both in terms of technology and involvement in humanitarian and regional conflict operations. The sixth-generation KCR, recently completed by PT PAL, marks the peak of Indonesia's military modernization with automatic weapons and state-of-the-art technology. However, challenges for the seventh generation and beyond lie in rapid technological developments, increased firepower and precision, operational flexibility, cyber security, environmental sustainability, and human resource management. By understanding and addressing these challenges, it is expected that future generations of KCR can continue to be a strategic element in Indonesia's maritime defense, responding to evolving threats in the era of military modernization.
Demographic Bonus Management Strategies In Facing The Industrial Revolution 4.0 With The Perspective Of Defense Science And State Defense
Authors: Purbaningrat Bagaskara Wahyu , I Nengah Putra Apriyanto  , George Royke Deksino
Published: April 2024

In the coming years, Indonesia will experience a Demographic Bonus, with the fourth largest population in the world. This phenomenon provides great opportunities for economic growth and social progress. However, the advent of the Industrial Revolution 4.0 brings new challenges related to the changing landscape of work and automation that could potentially pose a threat to the sovereignty and integrity of the Unitary State of the Republic of Indonesia. This research evaluates strategies for managing the Demographic Bonus in Indonesia by considering the implications of the Industrial Revolution 4.0 from the perspective of defense science and state defense. The method used in this research is qualitative with descriptive analysis, Data collection in this research uses a literature study, The results showed that in facing and maximizing the demographic bonus, the right strategy is needed. The government has prepared a strategy to face the demographic bonus, namely by improving the quality of human resources such as reducing the stunting rate; increasing the human development index; increasing the gender empowerment index, then adjusting the education curriculum to the needs of industry 4.0, and preparing jobs by making downstream industrial policies and carrying out infrastructure development and access to technology, especially in 3T areas, is also an important focus. From the perspective of defense science and state defense, its role has increased in identifying threats, formulating defense policies, and protecting infrastructure. Implementation evaluations show that collaboration across sectors and governments is essential. Community empowerment, family planning, and controlled population growth are also key factors. With synergy between the government, private sector, and society, Indonesia is expected to reap maximum benefits from the Demographic Bonus while managing the impact of the Industrial Revolution 4.0, promoting sustainable growth and national prosperity.