bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A Biomechanical and Clinical Comparison of Midshaft Clavicle Plate Fixation: Are 2 Screws as Good as 3 on Each Side of the Fracture?
Authors: Larsen Christopher G. , Sleasman Brian , Chudik Steven C.
Published: September 2017

Background:

The standard of care for plating displaced midshaft clavicle fractures has been 6 cortices of purchase on each side of the fracture. The use of locking plates and screws may afford equivalent biomechanical strength with fewer cortices of purchase on each side of the fracture.

Purpose:

To compare the biomechanical and clinical performance of 3- versus 2-screw constructs for plating displaced midshaft clavicle fractures.

Study Design:

Controlled laboratory study/cohort study; Level of evidence, 3.

Methods:

Lateral fragments of simulated midshaft fractures in 10 pairs of cadaveric clavicles were randomly assigned to plate fixation with either 3 nonlocking screws or 2 locking screws. Cyclic tensile loads were applied along the long axis of the clavicle. The constructs were then loaded to failure with pullout forces applied parallel to the long axis of the screws. Additionally, clinical outcomes of patients who had midshaft clavicle fractures that were surgically repaired were retrospectively identified and compared; 21 patients were treated with 3-screw constructs and 20 with 2-screw constructs.

Results:

Biomechanically, there were no significant differences for cyclic displacement, stiffness, yield load, or ultimate load between groups. Forces required for screw pullout were considerably higher than physiologic forces experienced by a healing clavicle in vivo. Clinically, there were no significant differences in American Shoulder and Elbow Surgeons, Constant, visual analog scale, and Single Assessment Numeric Evaluation scores; complications; or mean time to union. Additionally, we found that the plates used in the 2-screw group were consistently shorter.

Conclusion:

Plate fixation of displaced midshaft clavicle fractures with 4 cortices of purchase with 2 locking screws demonstrated no significant differences biomechanically when compared with fixation with 6 cortices of purchase and 3 nonlocking screws. Clinically, there were no significant differences in outcomes or complications seen in patients receiving 2- or 3-screw constructs.

Clinical Relevance:

Clinical benefits of using the 3-screw construct for plate fixation include decreased surgical exposure, morbidity, and cost, and the use of shorter and noncontoured straight plates eliminates the extra time and technical difficulty associated with matching longer contoured plates to the complex morphology of the clavicle.
Clinical Improvement of Subacute and Chronic Otitis Media With Effusion Treated With Hyaluronic Acid Plus Hypertonic Solution via Nasal Lavage: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Cioffi Luigi , Gallo Patrizia , D’Avino Antonio , Carlomagno Francesco , Aloi Giuseppe , D’Onofrio Antonietta , Del Gaizo Donatella , Giuliano Maria , De Franchis Raffaella , Sandomenico Maria L. , Pecoraro Anna
Published: September 2017

Background. This study, a randomized controlled trial, aims to demonstrate a clinically significant improvement in subacute and chronic otitis media with effusion through the administration of hyaluronic acid associated with hypertonic solution compared with the administration of hypertonic solution alone. The setting was an outpatient clinic of 20 primary care pediatrician offices affiliated with the 3 Local Health Units (Azienda Sanitaria Locale) of Naples. Materials and Methods. The study was conducted for 6 months, from October 2014 to the end of March 2015. The study saw the participation of 20 pediatricians who were experts in pneumatic otoscopy, each of whom enrolled 15 children. Each investigator was randomized to carry out the treatment with 3% hypertonic solution or high-molecular-weight hyaluronic acid + 3% hypertonic solution. Results. A total of 275 children were enrolled, of whom 11(equal to 4% ) were lost to follow-up. A total of 264 children completed the trial according to the protocol, 120 in the hyaluronic acid + hypertonic solution group and 144 in the hypertonic solution group. Hyaluronic acid associated with hypertonic solution and hypertonic solution alone administered by nasal lavage have proven to be safe and effective in the treatment of prolonged otitis media with effusion (initial score of −0.5, final score of 0.9, P < 001, for the hypertonic + hyaluronic acid group; initial score of −0.3, final score of 0.2, P < .001, for the hypertonic solution group). Though starting from a less favorable initial clinical score (−0.5 vs −0.3, P < .016), hyaluronic acid associated with hypertonic solution resulted in a significant increase in clinical healing (0.9 vs 0.2, P < .001). One interesting outcome was the significant reduction in the consumption of drugs (cortisone and antibiotics) during the follow-up.
Disparities in the Use of Immunization Services Among Underserved Minority Patient Populations and the Role of Pharmacy Technicians: A Review
Authors: Pattin Anthony J.
Published: September 2017

Objective: To provide a review of the issues surrounding the lack of use of immunizations and immunization services among underserved minority patients and outline the role of pharmacy technicians in facilitating the utilization of vaccination services. Data Sources: Articles were identified through searches in May 2017 using MEDLINE/PubMed (1946-2017) with the following search terms: pharmacy technicians, immunizations, and pharmacy-based immunization services. Articles were also identified utilizing search terms such as “immunization disparities.” Additionally, immunization data and vaccination resources from government websites such as the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and the US Department of Health and Human Services were used. Study Selection and Data Extraction: Articles and reports that discuss the challenges and barriers associated with use of vaccinations in minority patient populations were considered for inclusion. Additionally, literature that report challenges in community pharmacy where pharmacy-based immunization services provide less vaccinations to minority patients compared to other patient populations were reviewed. Data Synthesis: Cross-sectional studies that provide insight into vaccine disparities were reviewed. Roles for pharmacy technicians are highlighted that include nurturing relationships with their patients and engaging patients about vaccines during service provision. Conclusions: Pharmacy personnel, including pharmacy technicians, are in a position to reduce barriers associated with disparities in the uptake of immunization services in the community pharmacy setting.
Reactivity of supercritical sulfur dioxide and carbon dioxide in a carbonate reservoir: An experimental investigation of supercritical fluid-brine-rock interactions relevant to the Madison Limestone of Southwest Wyoming
Authors: Chopping Curtis , Kaszuba John P.
Published: September 2017

Managing impure carbon dioxide produced by fossil fuel-based generation of electricity is required for successful implementation of carbon capture, utilization, and storage. Impurities in carbon dioxide, particularly [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text], are geochemically more reactive than the carbon dioxide and may adversely impact a carbon dioxide storage reservoir by generating additional acidity. Hydrothermal experiments are performed to evaluate geochemical and mineralogic effects of injecting [Formula: see text]-[Formula: see text] fluid into a carbonate reservoir. The experimental design is based on a natural carbon dioxide reservoir, the Madison Limestone on the Moxa Arch of Southwest Wyoming, which serves as a natural analog for geologic cosequestration of sulfur dioxide and carbon dioxide. Idealized Madison Limestone ([Formula: see text]) and [Formula: see text] brine ([Formula: see text], initial [Formula: see text]) reacted at reservoir conditions (110°C and 25 MPa) for approximately 165 days (3960 h). Carbon dioxide fluid containing 500 ppmv sulfur dioxide was injected and the experiment continued for approximately 55 days (1326 h). Sulfur dioxide partitions out of the supercritical carbon dioxide phase and dissolves into coexisting brine on the time scale of the experiments (55 days). Injecting supercritical [Formula: see text]-[Formula: see text] or pure supercritical carbon dioxide into a brine-limestone system produces the same in situ pH (4.6) and ex situ pH (6.4–6.5), as measured 28 h after injection because dissolution of calcite buffers in situ pH. Precipitation of anhydrite sequesters injected sulfur and, coupled with dissolution of calcite, effectively buffers the amount of dissolved calcium to the same concentrations measured in limestone-brine experiments injected with pure carbon dioxide. Supercritical [Formula: see text]-[Formula: see text] does not enhance the sequestration potential of a carbonate reservoir relative to pure supercritical carbon dioxide. Our results substantiate predictions from natural analog studies of the Madison Limestone that anhydrite traps sulfur and carbonate minerals ultimately reprecipitate and mineralize carbon in carbonate reservoirs.
Controversy over exercise therapy for chronic fatigue syndrome: Continuing the debate
Authors: Chalder Trudie , White Peter Denton , Sharpe Michael , Mitchell Alex J.
Published: September 2017

Editor's Summary

In a recent Round the Corner, Mitchell commented on a Cochrane Review of exercise therapy for chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS). One of the trials included in that review, and discussed by Mitchell, was the PACE trial. In this month's Round the Corner we are publishing a response we received from authors of the PACE trial (Chalder, White & Sharpe), together with Mitchell's reply. Ed.
Therapeutic communities and planned environments for serious offenders in English prisons
Authors: Rawlings Barbara , Haigh Rex
Published: September 2017

Several English prisons contain democratic therapeutic communities (TCs) for personality disordered offenders, and addiction TCs for serious substance misusers. This article describes how these are organised and comments on how they are specifically tailored and accredited for use in custodial settings. It also describes ‘psychologically informed planned environments’ (PIPEs), offender pathways for those with personality disorders and psychopathy which provide additional support for psychological treatment. It ends by explaining how ‘enabling environments’ are assessed, since these are now becoming widely adopted in prisons to reverse toxic environments – which affect staff, the prison and the outside world as well as the individual prisoner – and to counter negative learning found in custodial institutions.

Learning Objectives

• Understand the key components of treatment in democratic and addiction TCs

• Understand how TCs can operate in a custodial environment

• Appreciate the differences between a planned environment and a psychological treatment programme in a custodial environment
Does childhood trauma play a role in the aetiology of psychosis? A review of recent evidence
Authors: Coughlan Helen , Cannon Mary
Published: September 2017

There has been a resurgence of interest in the role of childhood trauma in the aetiology of psychosis. In this review, recent findings on the association between childhood trauma and a continuum of psychotic symptoms are presented. Evidence of the association between specific childhood trauma subtypes and psychotic symptoms is examined, with a brief discussion of some current hypotheses about the potential mechanisms underlying the associations that have been found. Some practice implications of these findings are also highlighted.

Learning Objectives

• Identify findings from recent meta-analyses on the association between childhood trauma and a range of psychotic outcomes, from non-clinical psychotic experiences to psychotic disorders

• Consider which childhood traumas are the most potent in the context of psychotic outcomes

• Recognise that the relationships between childhood trauma, psychotic symptoms and other psychopathology are complex, dynamic and multidimensional
Thought disorder
Authors: Passby Lauren , Broome Matthew R.
Published: September 2017

We review thought disorder in psychopathology, including how one can assess it clinically, useful psychometric measures and its clinical importance. In the final section we discuss how recent studies in neuropsychology and neuroimaging have helped understand the mechanisms of abnormal speech and languages in psychotic illnesses.
Not a one-way street
Authors: Davies Eric J.
Published: September 2017

Coughlan & Cannon have provided an extremely useful review, highlighting the evidence for the association between childhood trauma and psychosis. This is relevant to those working with individuals with psychosis across all age ranges. This commentary discusses further some of the points raised, the complexity of the association and developmental aspects.
Danger in deep water or just ripples in the pool: Has thePooljudgment changed the law on expert evidence?
Authors: Rix Keith , Haycroft Anthony , Eastman Nigel
Published: September 2017

The professional regulatory cases of the psychiatrist Dr Richard Pool and the neuropathologist Dr Waney Squier have given rise to concerns among expert psychiatric witnesses, and indeed medical experts in general. Here we restate the law on expert evidence with particular reference to the judgment of the Supreme Court in the case ofKennedy v Cordia.We emphasise thatPooldoes not change the law regarding ‘what is expertise’; in particular, the case does not establish restrictive, status-based tests governing the admissibility of expert evidence such as according to whether an expert psychiatric witness has undergone higher training, is on the specialist register as a specialist in a particular field or is a consultant. Rather, expertise continues to be legally defined in terms of a combination of qualification, knowledge and experience. Crucially, the test of medical expertise in legal proceedings is a legal test and not one determined within a medical paradigm.

Learning Objectives

• Understand the law defining admissible expert evidence, in particular the distinction between ‘admissibility’ of evidence as ‘expert’ and the evidential ‘weight’ that courts may accord to admissible expert evidence

• Understand the issues that arose from the cases of Dr Pool and Dr Squier, and why they caused (unnecessary) medical concern

• Understand the factual relevance to being an expert witness of having undergone higher training, being on the specialist register as a specialist in a particular field, and being a consultant
Kaleidoscope
Authors: Tracy Derek K. , Joyce Dan W. , Shergill Sukhwinder S.
Published: September 2017

How much do different countries invest in mental health research compared with other branches of healthcare? As part of the ROAMER project, Hazo et al compared four European nations: the UK, France, Spain and Finland. Using 2011 data, public and private (not-for-profit) annual spends were calculated, respectively, at ₠127.6, ₠84.8, ₠16.8 and ₠10.2 million. To look on it another way, that equates to a national spend per disability-adjusted life year (DALY) of ₠48.7, ₠31.2, ₠39.5 and ₠12.5. How does this relate to wider research spending? In the UK, just 4% of health research funding goes on mental health – given that it accounts for 12% of total DALYs, that's an enormous underspend (the Finns do better at almost 10%). A recent paper in the BJPsych confirmed that greater national investment in mental health services produces better clinical outcomes, but the burden remains enormous and we need more research into prevention, intervention and treatment. We can all play a positive role: only 1.7% of charity research spend went to mental health – time to put your hands into your pockets.
Doctor in court: What do lawyers really need from doctors, and what can doctors learn from lawyers?
Authors: Series Hugh , Herring Jonathan
Published: September 2017

Doctors and lawyers are usually well-educated, thoughtful people. Both groups have to assimilate large amounts of information and use it to make decisions. But the way that they do it is very different. Doctors have a better chance of helping courts to make good decisions if they understand exactly what courts need from them.
IN OUR PLACE
Authors: Pickering Andrew
Published: September 2017

This Common Knowledge guest column concerns performance, understood in its simple ur-sense of “doing things” in the world. It continues the author's analysis, in his book The Mangle of Practice (1995), of cultural evolution as a “dance of agency”: a performative, decentered, and emergent back-and-forth between a multiplicity of actors, variously human and nonhuman. The author's concern in this new essay is with apparently stable and dependable technologies, such as cars, computers, and power stations, which he conceptualizes here as “islands of stability” in the flux of becoming. On islands of stability, Cartesian dualism is simply true: humanity achieves command over entities that reliably serve our will. Still, while our worlds are built on them, their stability is not complete. To remain on islands of stability requires continual constructive work, and sometimes we fall off them anyway, with disastrous results, for stability is necessarily accompanied by performative excess. The performative analysis of islands of stability cuts humanity down to size and puts us in our place.
PHILO-SEMITISM AND AFFILIATION TO JUDAISM IN AFRICA
Authors: Bruder Edith
Published: September 2017

A contribution to the Common Knowledge symposium on xenophilia, this article examines the ethnic groups (more than a dozen) on the African continent that have proclaimed their connections to ancient Israel and have developed versions of their tribal histories that place them as a part of the worldwide Jewish Diaspora. Members of these communities may number in the hundreds of thousands and have been striving for Jewish recognition. These developments comprise one facet of the burgeoning phenomenon of African philo-Semitism. This essay, which is in equal measure chronological and thematic, seeks to characterize African affiliation with Jews with respect to three themes or phases. The first involves the figural associations, learned in Christian missionary contexts, that have influenced the adaptation of Judaism within African tribal religions. The second concerns the study and legitimization of extant African traditions said to be of Hebrew origin. The third addresses cultural transactions between biblical model and African tradition that have favored the rationale of a common historical and theological provenance.
THE BRITISH MUSLIM BARON
Authors: Gilham Jamie
Published: September 2017

This contribution to the Common Knowledge symposium on xenophilia documents and discusses the life and work of an important but neglected early British convert to Islam, the fifth Baron Headley, Rowland George Allanson Allanson-Winn (1855 – 1935), and also comments on the nature of the kind of xenophilia that can lead to conversion. The essay argues that Lord Headley's attraction to the Muslim world and his religious conversion in 1913 were typical of a small minority of Britons who chose Islam with the guidance of Indian Muslim missionaries in the first half of the twentieth century. But it also shows that Headley's privileged social position enabled him to become a leader of the nascent British Muslim community and an international ambassador for Islam between the wars. A staunch defender of Islam and Muslims, Headley was not wholly uncritical of them and made public pronouncements especially about the spread of sectarianism in Islam and about how that faith needed to be practiced differently in the West.
Structural brain abnormalities in 12 persons with aniridia
Authors: Grant Madison K. , Bobilev Anastasia M. , Pierce Jordan E. , DeWitte Jon , Lauderdale James D.
Published: September 2017

Background:Aniridia is a disorder predominately caused by heterozygous loss-of-function mutations of thePAX6gene, which is a transcriptional regulator necessary for normal eye and brain development.  The ocular abnormalities of aniridia have been well characterized, but mounting evidence has implicated brain-related phenotypes as a prominent feature of this disorder as well.  Investigations using neuroimaging in aniridia patients have shown reductions in discrete brain structures and changes in global grey and white matter.  However, limited sample sizes and substantive heterogeneity of structural phenotypes in the brain remain a challenge. Methods:Here, we examined brain structure in a new population sample in an effort to add to the collective understanding of anatomical abnormalities in aniridia.  The current study used 3T magnetic resonance imaging to acquire high-resolution structural data in 12 persons with aniridia and 12 healthy demographically matched comparison subjects. Results:We examined five major structures: the anterior commissure, the posterior commissure, the pineal gland, the corpus callosum, and the optic chiasm.  The most consistent reductions were found in the anterior commissure and the pineal gland; however, abnormalities in all of the other structures examined were present in at least one individual. Conclusions:Our results indicate that the anatomical abnormalities in aniridia are variable and largely individual-specific.  These findings suggest that future studies investigate this heterogeneity further, and that normal population variation should be considered when evaluating structural abnormalities.
Resource network theory
Authors: Жилякова  , Zhilyakova Liudmila , Кузнецов  , Kuznetsov Oleg
Published: September 2017

We represent a resource network as a new model of spreading of uniform resources. A resource network is a directed graph, where edges have capacities. Any vertex can store an unlimited amount of resource. The network operates in discrete time. The total amount of resource throughout network operation time does not change. At time step t each vertex sends resource along the outgoing edges to adjacent vertices following one of the two rules. If its resource amount is not less than the sum of capacities of all its outgoing edges, the vertex gives away its total output capacity. Otherwise, the vertex gives away all its resource, distributing it proportionally to the capacities of outgoing edges. For every network, there exists a threshold value T of total resource. Network behavior is significantly different depending on its low or high resource. If a network has sources (vertices whose total input capacity is less than total output capacity) and receivers (whose total input exceeds total output), then with high total resource its surplus (over T) finally is redistributed among special receivers (attractors). We propose the matrix classification of networks based on graph structure and on capacities. Overall study scheme for all classes is the same. We find the limit state and flow vectors (or prove their absence) for different initial conditions and values of the total resource amount, wherein the difference in behavior with low and high resource is demonstrated. However, the methods and results for different classes of networks are significantly different.
Existential Import and Relations of Categorical and Modal Categorical Statements
Authors: Raclavský Jiří
Published: September 2017

I examine the familiar quadruple of categorical statements “Every F is/is not G.”, “Some F is/is not G.” as well as the quadruple of their modal versions “Necessarily, every F is/is not G.”, “Possibly, some F is/is not G.”. I focus on their existential import and its impact on the resulting Squares of Opposition. Though my construal of existential import follows modern approach, I add some extra details which are enabled by framing my definition of existential import within expressively rich higher-order partial type logic. As regards the modal categorical statements, I find that so-called void properties bring existential import to them, so they are the only properties which invalidate subalternation, and thus also contrariety and subcontrariety, in the corresponding Square of Opposition.
Assessment and management of refractory breathlessness in interstitial lung disease
Authors: Speakman Lucy , Walthall Helen
Published: September 2017

Interstitial lung disease (ILD) refers to a cluster of fibroinflammatory conditions. There are limited treatment options and most patients have severe dyspnoea. The prognosis is poor. This study aims to evaluate current literature on the assessment and management of refractory breathlessness in ILD. Few tools are available to assess dyspnoea in advanced respiratory disease. Holistic assessment requires a combination of tools but there are few disease specific tools. The role of opioids is well established in the reduction of breathlessness, but there is insufficient evidence that benzodiazepines are beneficial.

Non-pharmcolological breathlessness intervention services can give patients mastery of their disease, reduced distress due to breathlessness and were more cost effective. More research on holistic interventions for use in advanced disease needs to be done. Patient-reported outcome measures could elicit valuable evidence to describe the benefit of breathlessness management services in advanced respiratory disease.
Criminal liability for spreading sexually transmitted infections
Authors: Griffith Richard
Published: September 2017

Last month's article considered capacity to consent to sexual activity. This month's article reviews the case of a man from Nottingham who was jailed for 7 years for infecting two former lovers with HIV and considers whether those who act recklessly put others at risk of infection during sexual activity should be held criminally liable and prosecuted for their actions.
Apex Pro-care mattress: How can this advanced mattress assist in prevention of pressure injuries?
Authors: Shingfield Lynn , Carr Helen , Thomson Jo
Published: September 2017

Avalon Nursing Home is fully aware of the potential for pressure ulcers in immobile residents and were keen to undertake an evaluation to ensure their residents have the most appropriate care possible. They selected Apex Pro-care to evaluate as there were concerns for residents heels in those with any arterial insufficiency. The Apex Pro-care mattress has a heel section where one or more of the bottom five cells can be deflated under the patient's heel to create a void, which will enable the heel to “float” so that there is no pressure in contact with the heel area. The mattress would reduce the cost of nursing care as repositioning times can be optimised according to need. The three residents who agreed to evaluate the mattress found it to be extremely comfortable and they remained free of any pressure injury.
Timely relapse treatment in multiple sclerosis: health utility analysis of the NeuroDirect integrated pathway
Authors: Zirra Alexandra , Bointon Emma , Chataway Jeremy , Porter Bernadette
Published: September 2017

The aim of this study was to assess the impact on health status of a multiple sclerosis (MS) nurse specialist telephone assessment/triage (the NeuroDirect integrated pathway), coupled with standard treatment for significant MS relapses. This evaluation study considered a prospective case series of 108 patients experiencing relapse symptoms who contacted NeuroDirect, a National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery telephone assessment service, in the period from February 2012 to October 2013. The MS specialist nurse-led teletriage centre applied the EQ5D-5L measure of health-related quality of life (HRQoL) at the initial assessment and the planned 6-8 weeks follow-up. The scores were converted into health state utility values (HSUVs). These showed a statistically significant improvement in health status, of 0.15, at 52 days follow-up on average in patients on the NeuroDirect pathway who also received standard clinical care. The study demonstrates that an efficient teletriage relapse pathway combined with usual care has a clear effect on improving HRQoL, as measured for the first time by the EQ5D-5L instrument in this population.
The complexities of advance care planning in patients with idiopathic Parkinson's disease
Authors: Mace Clair Zoe
Published: September 2017

The purpose of this article is to review current practice in terms of managing complex issues in the long-term condition of idiopathic Parkinson's disease (IPD). Particular focus will be on the optimum time to have end-of-life discussions and the complications that may be involved in cases of IPD. It will look at the nature of IPD, the different stages of the disease, and the right time for palliative conversations and advance care planning. The range of advanced communication skills needed to have effective conversations will be evaluated, alongside a review of why communication is made more difficult in patients with PD, the impact this has on family members, and the legal and ethical implications, so as to improve practice when making an advance care plan in a patient with IPD.
Management of idiopathic intracranial hypertension: treatment options and advances
Authors: Thompson Simon D
Published: September 2017

This is the third in the series on hydrocephalus. Idiopathic intracranial hypertension is not a form of hydrocephalus. However, its treatment is similar, with complex cases often requiring cerebrospinal fluid shunt insertion. Common misconceptions about the condition have highlighted the need for further investigation, so it was decided to include it in this hydrocephalus series

Idiopathic intracranial hypertension typically affects overweight women of childbearing age. It involves raised intracranial pressure (ICP) with no known cause. Historically, ICP has been reduced through cerebrospinal fluid shunting. However, more recent treatment options such as the promotion of weight loss (through dieting or surgery) and venous sinus stenting have proven to be good options for certain patients. New diagnostic options available in the UK such as telemetric monitoring of ICP, have been found to be useful in managing this complex patient group. Treatment options can vary throughout the UK because of a lack of both standard guidelines and strong evidence supporting one treatment option over another.
Best interests of adults who lack capacity: key concepts
Authors: Griffith Richard
Published: September 2017

If a person does not have the capacity to consent to or refuse treatment, and has not made a decision in advance over this, a decision in their best interests must be made for them. Neuroscience nurses should adopt a holistic approach when determining best interests and understand their legal responsibilities in this area
Research roundup
Authors: Costello John
Published: September 2017

John Costello provides a synopsis and brief review of a selection of recently published research articles of interest to neuroscience nurses, highlighting the key points to keep you up to date. A full reference is provided for those who wish to read the research in more detail
Which delegate are you?
Authors: Bissett Julie
Published: September 2017

A dental show experience can be an eye opener – in more ways than one. Julie Bissett explains
Happy Teeth, happy children
Authors: Dullaghan Katie
Published: September 2017

We hear from dental nurse Katie Dullaghan who has launched a crowdfunding page to help roll out her innovative oral health education initiative beyond its birthplace of Liverpool
Goal setting
Authors: Coey Hazel
Published: September 2017

Hazel Coey, President-elect of the BADN, considers you and your Personal Development Plan (PDP)
What lies beneath
Authors: Tucker Simon
Published: September 2017

The dental nurse plays a vital role in facilitating the first crucial conversation, which can provide the best opportunity to get to know a new patient
Time for reflection
Authors: Simpson Barbara
Published: September 2017

Retired dental nurse Barbara Simpson looks back on a long career that dates back to the 70s
A sweeter future – without sugar
Authors: Lloyd Carol
Published: September 2017

Dental nurse Carol Lloyd reveals why children are the most honest people you will ever meet
How I set up my own stress-free practice
Authors: Hudd Lizzy
Published: September 2017

Lizzy Hudd started her dental career as a dental nurse. She now runs Grants Dental in Royal Wootton Bassett – a practice that specialises in treating patients with dental fear and anxiety
The art of composite build-ups
Authors: Bones Marie
Published: September 2017

A look at how dental nurses can get involved in cosmetic dentistry and smile design cases, with Marie Bones, dental implant nurse trainer
Dental implants: An overview
Authors: Warreth Abdulhadi , Ibieyou Najia , O'Leary Ronan Bernard , Cremonese Matteo , Abdulrahim Mohammed
Published: September 2017

Dental implants are widely used and are considered to be one of several treatment options that can be used to replace missing teeth. A number of implant-supported treatment options have been used successfully to replace a single tooth and multiple teeth, as well as a completely edentulous jaw. However, as the number of patients who have dental implants is increasing, dental personnel are more likely to see patients with implant-supported restorations or prostheses. Nevertheless, dental implants may fail as a result of mechanical complications, such as screw loosening or due to biological causes like peri-implant diseases. As a result, dental personnel should be able to recognize these complications and the factors that have negative effects on the success of such implant-supported restorations or prostheses. Therefore, a basic knowledge of dental implants is necessary for every dental student, hygienist and dentist.

CPD/Clinical Relevance: Maintenance of implant-supported restorations and prostheses requires long-term follow-ups. It is the responsibility of the patient to maintain good oral hygiene and also of the dental personnel who look after the patient to ensure a durable restoration and prosthesis.
Complications of an ageing dentition part 3: overview and case report
Authors: Murchie Bryan Daniel
Published: September 2017

This is the third, and final, part of this three-part series. The first paper discussed the occlusal and cracked tooth aetiological factors which may be responsible for restoration failure. The second paper discussed the restorative options with regards to cracked and root-treated teeth. This paper will provide an overview of the previous two papers and conclude with a case report.

CPD/Clinical Relevance: Failure of amalgam restorations is a commonly encountered clinical problem in general practice and no one case is the same. Therefore, a competent diagnosis and implementation of the most appropriate, minimally invasive treatment option requires an adequate knowledge of current literature.
The immune system: basis of so much health and disease: 5. complement
Authors: Scully Crispian , Georgakopoulou Eleni A , Hassona Yazan
Published: September 2017

The immune system is the body's primary defence mechanism against infections, and disturbances in the system can cause disease if the system fails in defence functions (in immunocompromised people), or if the activity is detrimental to the host (as in auto-immune and auto-inflammatory states). A healthy immune system is also essential to normal health of dental and oral tissues. This series presents the basics for the understanding of the immune system, this article covers complement and other mediators of inflammation.

Clinical Relevance: Modern dental clinicians need a basic understanding of the immune system as it underlies health and disease.
Happy mother's day?
Authors: Zhai Xiao-Ping
Published: September 2017

‘If science is about experience and discovery, as well as research and confirmation, then every discipline should be treated fairly’

There are far more effective treatments than IVF, so why can't we give women a fair chance of pregnancy? Dr Xiao-Ping Zhai investigates
A winning hand
Authors: Harnby Phil
Published: September 2017

Phil Harnby suggests that, if you play your cards right, it's easy to deal with GP partner departures and arrivals
Recruit a star
Authors: Long Ruth
Published: September 2017

Ruth Long, general manager at First Practice Management, fine-tunes your skills at making an appointment that's a hit with the team
Bubbling under
Authors: Miles-Jenkins Alison
Published: September 2017

Alison Miles-Jenkins gives you five key ingredients to help you confidently handle complaints to stop them boiling over
Driving real change
Authors: Clark Paul
Published: September 2017

Complaints expert, Paul Clark, comments on the news that staff in some NHS trusts are removing comments from its online feedback forum
On the button!
Authors: Bissett Julie
Published: September 2017

Does your team offer a tailor-made service to each patient who walks through the door? Julie Bissett points out why the old adage ‘one size does not fit all’ is never more pertinent than in a GP practice
Jabs for the boys
Authors: Baker Peter
Published: September 2017

Why are HPV vaccinations being withheld from half the population? Peter Baker pulls no punches in his argument as to why both sexes should benefit
The perils of being nosey
Authors: Tisdale Richenda
Published: September 2017

‘If a doctor tries to break the ice during a consultation by mentioning a Facebook post or an achievement at work, the patient may find this sinister’
Don't panic
Authors: Berridge Wendy
Published: September 2017

A hyperventilation attack can often result from anxiousness, or a sudden fright. We look at what to do should it happen in your practice
Let's switch it on
Authors: Reid Colin
Published: September 2017

With frontline staff in the community under growing pressure, Colin Reid explains how the entire workings of primary care can be revolutionised by mobile technology
Junking the junk
Authors: Biscuit Jules
Published: September 2017

Obesity and diabetes are weighty issues set to floor a nation in terms of cost to the NHS. This issue focuses on how we all have a part to play in educating patients to better health
Calm the craving in cancer care
Authors: Mackereth Peter
Published: September 2017

Peter Mackereth considers complementary approaches to smoking cessation
Stop
Authors: Farren Cecilia
Published: September 2017

To tie in with our health focus, this month's Main Event looks ahead to Stoptober, a campaign aimed at getting patients to quit. Cecilia Farren has the details
Let's get physical
Authors: Bonell Chris
Published: September 2017

Chris Bonell argues why education policy shouldn't focus solely on academic attainment
Remove troublesome patients
Authors: Obrzud Scott
Published: September 2017

However tricky it may be, avoiding knee-jerk reactions and playing by the rules is the best option when removing tricky patients. Practice adviser, Scott Obrzud, explains why
Wrap it up!
Authors: Buxton Sarah
Published: September 2017

Sarah Buxton's top 10 HR resources that no practice manager should be without
What's the forecast?
Authors: Tisdale Richenda
Published: September 2017

Practice managers are increasingly considering using cloud storage to log patient information. So, is this blue sky thinking or does it threaten a stormy future
It could be you!
Authors: Wells Sheila
Published: September 2017

As managers, we strive to make patient access easy, yet still we hear people complaining they are unable to get an appointment for days at a time. So, how best to protect the interests of both practice and patient?
Health rules, ok?
Authors: Biscuit Jules
Published: September 2017

It's September again – and with exam results out of the way and students now starting their next step up the ladder of learning, is it now time to examine the real cost of academia to our children's health?
Perfect partners?
Authors: Nazem Naeem
Published: September 2017

When it comes to patient care, GPs are encouraged to respect patient autonomy and shared decision making
How's your ‘bucket’ list?
Authors: Wells Sheila
Published: September 2017

Infection control starts the minute someone walks through the front door, says Sheila Wells
‘The doctors are not happy’
Authors: Brown Jeanette
Published: September 2017

Does Jeanette Brown's cautionary tale of a partnership on the brink ring any warning bells in your practice?
95 Minutes of fame
Authors: Ainsworth Steve
Published: September 2017

Everyone's a critic and TV channel-hopper Steve Ainsworth is keeping his fingers crossed there won't be too many repeats of past experiences
To FFT – and beyond?
Authors: Simmons Cherith , Waddell Peter
Published: September 2017

The Friends and Family Test goes live in December and you will need to ask patients their view about the service they receive – but in a prescribed way. What you really need is an on-the-spot survey to create a buzz about your practice, says Peter Waddell
In a paperless world
Authors: Dillon James
Published: September 2017

With think tanks and headlines declaring the NHS was in the ‘information dark ages’, just two years ago, anyone would have thought doctors were still writing patient records and prescriptions with quills and parchment…
Take heart
Authors: Bissett Gabrielle
Published: September 2017

Gaby Bissett digs behind the headlines and adverts to hear from cardiologist Aseem Malhotra on the health of our nation
Statins: in or out?
Authors: Bissett Julie
Published: September 2017

Julie Bissett shakes things up by asking if a quick fix is simply a case of getting fitter
The Application of the VIA Classification of Strengths to Youth With and Without Disabilities
Authors: Shogren Karrie A. , Wehmeyer Michael L. , Lang Kyle , Niemiec Ryan M. , Seo Hyojeong
Published: September 2017

Considering strengths when planning for postschool outcomes is critically important for all youth, including youth with disabilities, as strengths should guide the identification of meaningful postschool goals. However, there are a limited number of strengths-based assessment tools that have been validated with youth with disabilities. This article reports the results of a pilot study of the application of the short form of the VIA Inventory of Strengths for Youth (VIA—Youth) to secondary students with and without disability labels. Although the VIA-Youth has been studied in youth without disabilities, it has not been applied to youth with disabilities. Similarities in the reliability of the scores were found across youth with and without disabilities. However, students with disabilities tended to score lower on character strengths than students without disabilities. We were unable to replicate, using confirmatory factor analysis, the theoretical structure used to develop the VIA-Youth, although youth with and without disabilities did demonstrate measurement invariance when fitting a one-factor model. Further work is needed to merge theoretical and empirical models for the factor structure of the VIA-Youth. Implications for future research and practice related to strengths-based assessment and intervention are discussed.
Reviews DVD/Blu-ray
Authors: Ervin Raymond , Katalinic Erin , Schlotterbeck Jesse
Published: September 2017

State of Siege (1973) France Director Costa-Gavras Runtime 121 minutes Blu-ray

USA, 2015 Produced and Distributed by the Criterion Collection (region A/1)

Here Is Your Life (1966) Sweden Director Jan Troell Runtime 168 minutes Blu-ray

USA, 2015 Distributed by The Criterion Collection (region A/1)
IMPROVEMENT OF ENERGY CONSUMPTION IN SPECTRUM SENSING COGNITIVE RADIO NETWORKS USING AN EFFICIENT TWO STAGE SENSING METHOD
Authors: Abdullah Hikmat Najem , Abed Hadeel Sami
Published: September 2017

Cognitive radio (CR) is a wireless technology developed to improve the usage in the spectrum frequency. Energy consumption is considered as a big problem in this technology, especially during a spectrum sensing. In this paper, we propose an algorithm to improve the energy consumption during the spectrum sensing. The theoretical analysis to calculate the amount of energy consumption, using the proposed method during sensing stage as well as the transmission stage during transmitting a local decision to the fusion center FC, are derived. The proposed algorithm is using energy detection technique to detect the presence or absence of the primary user (PU). The proposed algorithm consists of two stages: the coarse sensing stage and fine sensing stage. In the coarse sensing stage, all the channels in the band are sensed shortly and the channel that have maximum (or minimum) energy is identified to make a dense fine sensing for confirming the presence of the PU signal (or hole). The performance of the proposed algorithm is evaluated in two scenarios: non-cooperative, and cooperative in both the AWGN and Rayleigh fading channels. The simulation results show that the proposed method improves the energy consumption by about 40% at a low SNR values, when compared with the traditional methods based on a single sensing stage and more advanced method based on censoring and sequential censoring algorithms.
DESIGN OF PARTICULATE MATERIAL COMPACTOR ROLLS DIAMETER
Authors: Peciar Peter , Macho Oliver , Eckert Maroš , Fekete Roman , Kotora Peter , Juriga Martin , Kabát Juraj , Gabrišová Ľudmila , Peciar Marián
Published: September 2017

At present, in a period of an industrial expansion great emphasis is placed on the environment. That means aiming for a reduced energy consumption, and also lessening dustiness from very fine powder material. This category also includes particulate material agglomeration processes. Because this process is very energy-intensive, it is necessary to correctly design these devices. The aim of this paper is to focus on a theoretical design of a production compactor with the rolls diameter for an experimental particulate material, based on Johanson’s theory and experimentally measured material properties. The material used for experimental measurements was an NPK-based industrial fertilizer consisting of several components. The results of this paper is the dependence of the ratio of the maximum compression pressure to the initial compression pressure from the rolls diameter of the proposed compactor.
Satisfação com a vida em pessoas seropositivas ao vírus da SIDA
Authors: Duque Sara , Reis Ana Catarina , Lencastre Leonor Queirós e , Guerra Marina Prista
Published: September 2017

O principal objetivo deste estudo consiste em compreender algumas variáveis envolvidas na satisfação com a vida na Infeção VIH/SIDA, e determinar um modelo preditor da mesma. É um estudo descritivo desenvolvido com uma amostra de 40 adultos com diagnóstico de Infeção VIH/SIDA, sendo 62,5% homens. Os instrumentos utilizados foram: Questionário socio demográfico e clínico, Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS), Escala de Sentido de Vida, Escala de Satisfação com a Vida e Brief-Cope. Os resultados obtidos sugerem que não existem diferenças nas caraterísticas sociodemográficas e clínicas em relação à satisfação com a vida. Contudo, verificou-se a existência de associações entre a satisfação com a vida e o sentido de vida, o distress e o coping. O modelo preditor da satisfação com a vida contempla o distress e o sentido de vida, é significativo e explica 33.1% da variância. A intervenção psicológica junto desta população deve contemplar estes fatores, promovendo a perceção da satisfação com a vida, facilitando o sentido de vida, respostas de coping positivas e diminuindo o distress de forma a promover a adaptação à doença. Palavras chave: Satisfação com a vida; Sentido de vida, VIH/SIDA; Mal-estar psicológico; Coping