bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Unity Behind Diversity or the Reverse?
Authors: Thorsén Elin
Published: July 2016

This article addresses how a language and practice of non-denominational universality is used within the Oneness movement, and the ways in which this universality has been crucial in order to appeal to a global audience. The Oneness movement, founded by the couple Sri Amma and Bhagavan, originated in South India in the 1990s, and has gained a substantial international following during the last decade. The cornerstone of the movement is the practice of giving and receiving deeksha, a kind of energy transmission said to usher the receiver into a state of higher consciousness. Drawing on empirical material collected during fieldwork with Oneness groups in India and Sweden, and taking the concepts of portable practice and transposable message as a point of departure, the practice of deeksha and the message of an all-encompassing human potential for spiritual awakening is analysed in order to find the themes that have made Oneness appealing in a global context. It is argued that the diffusion of Oneness into new cultures has been a balancing act between on the one hand adaptation to local cultures, and on the other hand claims of universal applicability and validity. By making use of the argument that their spiritual message stretches beyond boundaries such as those imposed by culture and religion, the Oneness movement sees its message as compatible with most (if not all) major religious traditions, and can thus encourage cultural adaptation of their teachings without loosing their credibility. This makes the language of universality function as an important strategy in the process of acquiring legitimacy on a global level.
Removing MOVE
Authors: Fiscella Anthony T.
Published: July 2016

How is it that a group that self-identifies as “religious” and is associated with one of the most dramatic events in the United States during the 1980s could receive almost no attention from religious studies scholars? Furthermore, how is it that the court case in which said group was determined to not qualify as a “religion” has been discussed and challenged by legal scholars while being virtually ignored by religious scholars? This article documents and examines the treatment of The MOVE Organization within both religious and legal studies. Drawing on intersectionality theory, it is posited that the social locations of many MOVE members including racial status, commitment to the defense of animals, legal religious status, and incarceration status combine together and contribute strongly to the marginalization of them and their voices from the scope and concerns of dominant scholarship. If colorblind racism is one factor in sustaining racial domination, then exposure of the complexity of intersectional dynamics might help untangle, in the words of Patricia Hill Collins, a “matrix of domination.”
TEACHER ARCHETYPES: PERCEPTIONS OF NURSING STUDENTS
Authors: Silva Luiz Anildo Anacleto da , Soder Rafael Marcelo , Schimdt Sandra Márcia , Noal Helena Carolina , Arboit Éder Luís , Marco Vera Regina De
Published: July 2016

ABSTRACT Good interpersonal relationships between teachers and students are primordial in nursing education. The aim of the study was to understand the perception of the students on the teachers' attitudes that contribute to their professional education. A qualitative, descriptive and exploratory research was undertaken. The subjects are nursing students in the final course term of four distinct undergraduate courses, two of them from a public university and two from a private university, totaling 72 students. Based on the data analysis, the results permitted the construction of five empirical categories, namely: knowledge of teachers; teachers' posture; respectability in the teacher-student relationship; ethics in the teacher and student relationship; responsibility in the teaching pratice. It was concluded that, independently of the institution and course, among many teacher attributes, the students particularly value the density of knowledge.
WATER BIRTH IN A MATERNITY hospital OF THE SUPPLEMENTARY HEALTH SECTOR IN SANTA CATARINA, BRAZIL: A CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDY
Authors: Scheidt Tânia Regina , Brüggemann Odaléa Maria
Published: July 2016

ABSTRACT The aim of this cross-sectional study was to identify the prevalence of water births in a maternity hospital of Santa Catarina, Brazil, and to investigate the association between sociodemographic and obstetric variables and water birth. The sample consisted of 973 women who had normal births between June 2007 and May 2013. Data was analyzed through descriptive and bivariate statistics, and estimated prevalence and tested associations through the use of the chi-square test; the unadjusted and adjusted odds ratio were calculated. The prevalence of water births was 13.7%. Of the 153 women who had water birth, most were aged between 20 to 34 years old (122), had a companion (112), a college degree (136), were primiparous (101), had a pregnancy without complications (129) and were admitted in active labor (94). There was no association between sociodemographic characteristics and obstetric outcomes in the bivariate and multivariate analyses and in the adjusted model. Only women with private sources for payment had the opportunity to give birth in water.
THE RIGHT TO DIE AND POWER OVER LIFE: KNOWLEDGE TO GOVERN THE BODIES
Authors: Cordeiro Franciele Roberta , Kruse Maria Henriqueta Luce
Published: July 2016

ABSTRACT This study aimed to examine how the media articulates the knowledge and positions involved in the process of death and dying. Documentary research in the field of post-structuralist cultural studies. The empirical material consisted of ten interviews, published in the magazines Época and Veja, between 2000 and 2012. To delimit the corpus of analysis, we used discursive mapping by means of the software ATLAS.ti. The findings were submitted to discourse analysis inspired by Foucault. In the reports, nursing appeared linked to care for the body and technical procedures, leading to the conclusion that the media constructs the professionals' image, according to the historical attributes linked to the professions. The knowledge of medicine and of justice is authorized to teach the subject to decide and to plan the death. Power/knowledge relations are outlined that legitimize the discourse on the production of a singularized death, which must be provided by the subjects using an expert of health.
Avaliação do custo sistêmico total da geração de energia eólica em face da substituição das fontes hidrelétrica e termoelétrica considerando as externalidades socioeconômicas e ambientais
Authors: Trapp Guilherme Sperling , Rodrigues Luis Henrique
Published: July 2016

Resumo O mercado de geração de energia está em contínua expansão no Brasil. Este mercado é formado por diferentes fontes de geração de energia, as quais acarretam diferentes impactos socioeconômicos e ambientais atrelados às suas operações. Estes impactos geram externalidades na forma de dano para a sociedade e a compensação destes não é de consenso comum entre os atores envolvidos. Neste sentido, o presente artigo busca, com a aplicação do método do pensamento sistêmico, criar um modelo computacional de dinâmica de sistemas que possibilite a avaliação do custo sistêmico total, considerando as externalidades, da geração de energia. Para este fim, foi aplicada uma adaptação do método do PSPC – Pensamento Sistêmico e Planejamento por Cenários. Na primeira fase, gerou-se um entendimento maior sobre a temática. Em seguida, realizou-se a construção do modelo computacional e, por fim, o modelo foi aplicado a três usinas reais a fim de se fazer uma avaliação da inserção da energia eólica em face da substituição das fontes hidroelétrica e termoelétrica a carvão. Os resultados obtidos apresentaram uma evolução no entendimento na comparação do real custo da energia para a sociedade, devido ao aprendizado proporcionado pela utilização do pensamento sistêmico em conjunto com a modelagem dinâmica de sistemas. Os dados encontrados também apontaram para uma mudança nas decisões sobre a matriz energética, se adotado um custo sistêmico para avaliação de novos projetos.
Perfil clínico-hospitalar de crianças com cardiopatia congênita
Authors: Belo Wanessa Alves , Oselame Gleidson Brandão , Neves Eduardo Borba
Published: July 2016

Resumo Introdução Crianças portadoras de cardiopatia congênita apresentam, desde o nascimento, anomalias funcionais e estruturais. A incidência desse quadro é de 8 a 10 a cada mil nascidos vivos. Objetivo Caracterizar o perfil da criança portadora de cardiopatia congênita atendida em um hospital de referência no Estado do Paraná, Brasil. Métodos Os dados foram obtidos a partir da análise de 77 prontuários de crianças de 0 a 10 anos. Para a caracterização da amostra, foram observados, além da faixa etária, aspectos físicos, como peso, altura e índice de massa corporal, tempo de internação em unidade de terapia intensiva (UTI) e permanência com cateter venoso central (CVC). Resultados Dentre as cardiopatias congênitas observadas, a comunicação interventricular (CIV), a comunicação interatrial (CIA), a persistência do canal arterial (PCA), a hipertensão pulmonar (HP) e a tetralogia de Fallot (T4F) foram as mais recorrentes e, na maioria dos casos, cerca de 80% apresentaram duas ou mais cardiopatias. Conclusão A criança portadora de cardiopatia congênita está, geralmente, abaixo do peso ideal, permanece internada em UTI por cerca de 16 dias, utiliza o acesso por meio do CVC em 70% do tempo (11 dias) e a maior parte delas (75,40%) apresenta até quatro doenças cardíacas, das quais as mais comuns são a CIV, CIA, PCA e T4F.
Efectos del disturbio antrópico sobre las poblaciones de Leprolochus birabeni (Araneae, Zodariidae) en el Chaco Seco del noroeste de Argentina
Authors: Torres Víctor M. , González-Reyes Andrea X. , Rodriguez-Artigas Sandra M. , Corronca José A.
Published: July 2016

RESUMEN Se conoce poco sobre la biología y la ecología de la especie mirmecófaga Leprolochus birabeni Mello-Leitão, 1942 (Zodariidae), el único representante de este género en la Argentina. Esta especie es típica de ambientes áridos del norte del país, y su estudio en el Chaco Seco es relevante, por ser una ecorregión altamente perturbada con uno de los pocos bosques subtropicales secos del mundo. El objetivo de este trabajo es estudiar la demografía de la especie teniendo en cuenta su variación estacional en ambientes nativos, y sí la ganadería y la agricultura, dos de las actividades antropogénicas más comunes de la ecorregión Chaco Seco en la provincia de Salta (Argentina) producen cambios en sus poblaciones. Se consideraron tres tipos de ambientes: nativo (NA); afectados por el ganado vacuno y caprino (NP); y afectados por la agricultura (NC). Este último correspondió a parches de vegetación nativa en medio de una matriz agrícola. En cada tipo de ambiente se consideraron tres sitios de muestreo donde se realizaron muestreos estacionales utilizando trampas de caída durante el otoño, invierno y primavera de 2006 y el verano de 2007. Se recolectaron 549 ejemplares de L. birabeni , siendo la mayoría juveniles con el 64,12% de la abundancia total, seguidos por machos (26,41%) y hembras (9,47%). A nivel de paisaje, la primavera presentó el mayor número de individuos, llegando al 44,99% de la abundancia total; mientras que el otoño mostró el porcentaje más bajo (7,83%). El incremento de los juveniles durante el invierno podría indicar una adaptación de los estadios de desarrollo a las condiciones ambientales. El mismo patrón se observó en ambientes NA y NC, pero no en los NP. Estos últimos mostraron una disminución en la abundancia de adultos a lo largo del año; mientras que las poblaciones NC mostraron un incremento en la abundancia de los machos durante la primavera, con una fuerte reducción de las hembras y los juveniles durante todo el año. La abundancia de L. birabeni en ambientes NA fue mayor (41,06% de la abundancia total), siendo los valores mínimos registrados en NC (24,67%). Las dos actividades antropogénicas más comunes que afectan al Chaco Seco de la provincia de Salta modifican tanto los cambios estacionales como la representación de las diferentes etapas de desarrollo y sexos de las poblaciones nativas de L. birabeni , siendo la modificación de los ambientes nativos por la agricultura, el factor más perjudicial.
Eleições legislativas e geografia do voto em contexto de preponderância do Executivo
Authors: Borges André , Paula Carolina de , Silva Adriano da Nóbrega
Published: July 2016

Resumo O artigo analisa o impacto das coalizões governativas nacionais e estaduais sobre a geografia do voto das eleições para a Câmara dos Deputados. O argumento central é que a clivagem governo-oposição tem forte impacto sobre a distribuição territorial de votos de partidos e candidatos. Candidatos cujos partidos participam simultaneamente de coalizões governativas nos níveis nacional e estadual apresentam probabilidade muito maior de dispersar os votos no território dos estados e dominar seus municípios chave. Argumentamos ainda que esse efeito tende a enfraquecer a vantagem do incumbente nas eleições legislativas. Isto é, candidatos incumbentes de oposição apresentam menor capacidade de dominar seus municípios chave em relação a estreantes governistas. A análise empírica se utiliza de uma base de dados com informações dos índices de dominância e concentração de votos de todos os candidatos a deputado federal no período 1998 a 2010. A partir dessa base, estimamos uma série de modelos multivariados para testar os efeitos da participação nos governos estadual e federal e status do candidato (incumbente e estreante) sobre a dominância municipal e grau de concentração/dispersão das votações. Os resultados da análise demonstram que o efeito do posicionamento frente aos governos federal e estadual tem grande peso sobre os padrões de geografia do voto e que o tipo fragmentado-dominante se associa fortemente aos candidatos mais situacionistas. As evidências também indicam que o efeito da incumbência sobre a capacidade dos candidatos de dominar seus municípios-chave é menos relevante do que as vantagens advindas do acesso aos recursos controlados pelo Poder Executivo na esfera federal. O artigo conclui que as hipóteses convencionais sobre a conexão eleitoral merecem ser reavaliadas considerando a preponderância do Poder Executivo e a força dos governos estaduais no presidencialismo brasileiro
Confiança nas instituições democráticas e vitimização por crime: qual a relação?
Authors: Silva Geélison Ferreira da , Ribeiro Ludmila Mendonça Lopes
Published: July 2016

Resumo O objetivo do artigo é analisar a confiança nas instituições democráticas (executivas, representativas e de justiça) com base em experiências traumáticas (como a vitimização por crime), controlando-se pelo enraizamento da cultura democrática (preferência pela democracia). Busca-se responder se, nas democracias antigas, com cultura cívica institucionalizada, indivíduos adquirem reserva afetiva ao regime e, assim, a vitimização por crime levaria à responsabilização apenas das agências diretamente envolvidas com a temática, isentando as demais. Nas novas democracias, ao contrário, o efeito de contaminação implicaria a redução da confiança nas instituições em geral. Para tanto, dados de 2010 referentes aos Estados Unidos da América (democracia antiga) e ao Brasil (democracia recente), do Latin American Public Opinion Project (Lapop), são tomados como contraponto empírico. Os resultados demonstram que a perda de confiança nas instituições em virtude da vitimização por crime é semelhante nos dois países, com a presença do efeito de contaminação um pouco maior no Brasil que nos Estados Unidos da América, mesmo quando os resultados são controlados pela preferência pela democracia.
Redescription of Hisonotus notatus Eigenmann & Eigenmann, 1889 (Loricariidae: Hypoptopomatinae), the type species of the genus, and description of a new species from coastal drainages of southeastern Brazil
Authors: Martins Fernanda O. , Langeani Francisco
Published: July 2016

ABSTRACT Our analyses showed that the type series of Hisonotus notatus , type species of the genus, is mixed, composed by two different species. Based on that, we redescribe H. notatus with the designation of a lectotype, restricting the species to rio São João drainage and other small coastal drainages running to the Baía de Guanabara and to the Baía de Sepetiba in Rio de Janeiro State. We also describe a new species of Hisonotus from drainages of the rio Paraíba do Sul, Lagoa Feia, rio Macaé, and coastal rivers of Espírito Santo State, from rio Itabapoana to rio Doce basin. These two species are sister-taxa and can be distinguished by the number of plates in the mid-dorsal series.
The dawn of phylogenetic research on Neotropical fishes: a commentary and introduction to Baskin (1973), with an overview of past progress on trichomycterid phylogenetics
Authors: de Pinna Mário C. C.
Published: July 2016

ABSTRACT A review is made of the impact of the landmark Ph. D. Thesis of Jonathan N. Baskin from 1973 on the development of the phylogenetics of catfishes and some of its main subgroups and on neotropical ichthyology in general. Baskin's work is the first to propose a hypothesis of relationships for loricarioid catfishes and for the family Trichomycteridae on the basis of explicit Hennigian principles. It is arguably also the first application of phylogenetic methods to any group of neotropical fishes. The hypotheses presented by Baskin covered the monophyly of Siluriformes, the monophyly and relationships of loricarioid families and the relationships of Trichomycteridae (including the monophyly of the family and the relationships among its constituent genera). His discoveries are analyzed in view of the subsequent 40-odd years of progress on the understanding of the phylogeny of the respective groups. The ideas proposed in 1973 have resisted the test of time remarkably well, and a majority of them have been corroborated by additional characters and taxa (including molecular data and several taxa newly discovered in the meantime), as well as by modern quantitative analysis.
A new species of Bryconops (Ostariophysi: Characiformes: Characidae) from the upper rio Tocantins drainage, Brazil
Authors: Guedes Tharles L. O. , Oliveira Everton F. , Lucinda Paulo H. F.
Published: July 2016

ABSTRACT A new species of the genus Bryconops , subgenus Bryconops , is described from the rio Conceição, a tributary to the rio Palma, upper rio Tocantins drainage, Tocantins State, Brazil. The new species is distinguished from all its congeners, except B. humeralis and B. vibex by the color pattern in vivo (dorsal, adipose, and caudal fins entirely orange). The new species is easily distinguished from B. humeralis and B. vibex by the absence of a humeral spot and by the lack of maxillary teeth (vs . presence of a single humeral spot and presence of 1-3 maxillary teeth on both sides). Furthermore, the new species is distinguished from B. vibex by the number of perforated lateral line scales (38-41 vs. 44-46).
Enfrentamento da violência doméstica contra crianças e adolescentes na perspectiva de enfermeiros da atenção básica
Authors: Leite Jéssica Totti , Beserra Maria Aparecida , Scatena Liliana , Silva Lygia Maria Pereira da , Ferriani Maria das Graças Carvalho
Published: July 2016

RESUMO Objetivo Analisar as ações relatadas por enfermeiros da atenção básica no enfrentamento da violência doméstica contra crianças e adolescentes. Métodos Pesquisa qualitativa, realizada em cinco Unidades de Estratégia de Saúde da Família do Estado de São Paulo, Brasil. Dados coletados no segundo semestre de 2013 através de entrevistas semiestruturadas com cinco enfermeiras e analisados através de análise de conteúdo, modalidade temática. Resultados Emergiram dois núcleos temáticos: “Políticas públicas identificadas pelas enfermeiras” e “Ações das enfermeiras diante da violência permeadas por medos e conflitos”. As enfermeiras conheciam as políticas públicas, mas não conseguiam colocá-las em prática; estavam despreparadas para identificar e enfrentar a violência; não participavam de cursos de capacitação; temiam notificar os casos detectados de violência. Conclusão As principais limitações ao trabalho prático dos enfermeiros são a sobrecarga de trabalho, a falta de segurança e a dinâmica de trabalho desarticulada com a rede de proteção as quais levam à subnotificação dos casos de violência.
Métodos pioneiros de ensino musical no Brasil: críticas, lutas e rivalidades
Authors: Morila Ailton Pereira
Published: July 2016

Resumo No final do século XIX e início do século XX, transformações políticas e sociais marcaram o Brasil: abolição, imigração, República, reformas urbanas. Um dos motes destas reformas era a educação. A educação elevaria o Brasil à nação civilizada. Na educação, a música se apresentava como importante e até essencial. O ensino musical tornou-se preocupação de músicos e educadores. No estado de São Paulo, vários métodos foram criados. A cada método inúmeras críticas e discussões se seguiam. O objetivo deste artigo é trazer a tona alguns destes métodos pioneiros bem como as críticas, lutas e rivalidades em torno deles, que denunciam não somente uma questão educacional, mas uma luta por espaços sociais, notadamente na cultura escolar, erudita e popular.
Música na educação básica: referenciais teóricos de periódicos nacionais publicados entre 2000 e 2010
Authors: Amui Gustavo Araújo , Guimarães Fernanda Albernaz do Nascimento
Published: July 2016

Resumo Este artigo apresenta resultados de pesquisa desenvolvida no Programa de Pós-Graduação em Música da Universidade Federal de Goiás, cujo objetivo foi identificar e analisar concepções que fundamentam o pensamento vigente em publicações de periódicos nacionais sobre educação musical na educação básica entre os anos de 2000 a 2010. O pensamento complexo na perspectiva de Edgar Morin e os conceitos de linguagem de Mikhail Bakhtin complementam o referencial teórico da pesquisa. Sendo assim, trazemos neste artigo dados e reflexões a partir de resultados obtidos na pesquisa, principalmente no que se refere aos referenciais teóricos dos artigos analisados. Dentre os resultados, observa-se que a área da educação musical no campo da educação básica dialoga com outras áreas e campos do conhecimento na construção de referenciais teóricos para a discussão de suas especificidades no contexto da educação básica, dados que corroboram os resultados de outras pesquisas. Constata-se que em alguns artigos, tomam-se autores da respectiva área (educação musical) como centrais em suas discussões. Observa-se, também, que as leis e os documentos normativos integram e tematizam o discurso sobre educação musical na educação básica.
O Conhecimento profissional na formação do professor de música
Authors: Madeira Ana Ester Correia
Published: July 2016

Resumo Apresentação do livro Professional Knowledge in Music Teacher Education. Este é o primeiro livro que trata do conhecimento profissional do professor de música. Reúne 13 capítulos organizados em três partes com diferentes finalidades, os quais são escritos por autores de diversos países. Eles apresentam as muitas formas de definir o termo "conhecimento profissional" no ensino de música, sua importância para a formação do educador musical, sua aplicação nas pesquisas realizadas na área e, também, o cruzamento de todas as informações de forma a destacar suas implicações para a prática docente.
Análise do projeto pedagógico e da grade curricular dos cursos de licenciatura em educação especial
Authors: Oliveira Patricia Santos de , Mendes Enicéia Gonçalves
Published: July 2016

Resumo Qual é a formação ideal para professores especializados? Seria uma formação especializada desde o início ou uma formação inicial comum agregada à formação continuada especializada? As respostas para estas questões não são respaldadas por evidências, pois são escassos os estudos que focalizam esse problema ou comparam as diferentes abordagens de formação. Entretanto, mesmo sem evidências de que esse seja o melhor modelo, muito se tem investido em políticas de formação continuada, majoritariamente, na modalidade a distância, com cursos de curta duração, enquanto que, paralelamente, há algumas iniciativas por parte de universidades que propõem cursos de formação inicial especializada. Esta pesquisa teve como objetivo identificar, descrever e analisar os cursos de licenciatura em educação especial de universidades públicas e privadas, tomando como base os projetos pedagógicos de curso e as grades curriculares, bem como as ementas de cursos. Portanto, trata-se de um estudo documental do tipo exploratório. Foram analisados os dez cursos de licenciatura em educação especial existentes atualmente, oferecidos por oito universidades, duas públicas e seis privadas. A partir da análise dos documentos, foi possível considerar que os currículos dos cursos têm características diversas, pois ainda não existem parâmetros curriculares nacionais que norteiem a criação de cursos superiores em educação especial. As instituições particulares representam 75% do total de universidades que oferecem o curso, contudo, o número de cursos em vigência está aquém das necessidades do sistema educacional brasileiro. Portanto, torna-se necessário que o poder público se responsabilize e priorize a formação inicial do professor de educação especial.
Optimal Unemployment Insurance and International Risk Sharing
Authors: Winkler Fabian , Moyen Stephane , Stahler Nikolai
Published: July 2016

We discuss how cross-country unemployment insurance can be used to improve international risk sharing. We use a two-country business cycle model with incomplete financial markets and frictional labor markets where the unemployment insurance scheme operates across both countries. Cross-country insurance through the unemployment insurance system can be achieved without affecting unemployment outcomes. The Ramsey-optimal policy however prescribes a more countercyclical replacement rate when international risk sharing concerns enter the unemployment insurance trade-off. We calibrate our model to Eurozone data and find that optimal stabilizing transfers through the unemployment insurance system are sizable and mainly stabilize consumption in the periphery countries, while optimal replacement rates are countercyclical overall. Moreover, we find that debt-financed national policies are a poor substitute for fiscal transfers.
HIPOSSALIVAÇÃO: ETIOLOGIA, DIAGNÓSTICO E TRATAMENTO
Authors: Silva Iomara Jossiérica de Oliveira , Almeida Ana Raiza Paiva , Falcão Nayana Coutinho , Freitas Junior Amilcar Chagas , Bento Patrícia Meira , Queiroz José Renato Cavalcanti
Published: July 2016

A hipossalivação corresponde à diminuição do fluxo salivar ou quando a saliva apresenta alguma alteração de seus componentes. Suas causas podem estar associadas a inúmeros fatores como: estresse, Síndrome de Sjögren, Diabetes Mellitus, doenças das glândulas salivares, consequência da radioterapia de cabeça e pescoço e frequentemente relacionada com a ingestão prolongada de medicações específicas. O diagnóstico é feito através da sialometria e através dos achados clínicos dos sinais e sintomas. Quanto ao tratamento é essencialmente paliativo e preventivo, com ênfase no uso de substitutos e/ou estimulantes salivares, que podem melhorar a lubrificação e hidratação dos tecidos orais aliviando os desconfortos relatados pelos pacientes. Atualmente, o uso da pilocarpina tem sido sugerido como medicamento de escolha para casos mais severos. Esta revisão de literatura tem como objetivo apresentar a etiologia e diagnóstico da hipossalivação bem como os diferentes protocolos de tratamento relacionando com as respectivas causas. Conclui-se que os diversos protocolos para o tratamento de hipossalivação devem ser direcionados avaliando as consequências das alterações do fluxo salivar e seus fatores inter-relacionados. Portanto, anamnese e exame clínico são fatores importantes para o diagnóstico.
BRUXISMO NA INFÂNCIA: PERFIL DE COMPORTAMENTO, CARACTERÍSTICAS DO SONO E SINTOMATOLOGIA
Authors: Feitosa Gisele Maria De Araújo , Félix Railane Cléia Dos Reis , Sampaio Danilo Costa , Vieira-Andrade Raquel Gonçalves , Santos Carolina Carvalho de Oliveira , Fonseca-Silva Thiago
Published: July 2016

O bruxismo é a movimentação repetitiva dos músculos da mastigação caracterizado por apertar e ranger os dentes. Tal condição é multifatorial, involuntária e parafuncional. Estudos sobre o acometimento de bruxismo em crianças são escassos sendo considerado um tema pouco explorado na literatura. O objetivo do presente estudo foi avaliar a associação entre o perfil de comportamento da criança, bem como as características do sono e a sintomatologia associada à ocorrência de bruxismo em crianças com idade entre 5 e 11 anos na cidade de Juazeiro do Norte – Ceará. Foi realizado um estudo piloto de carácter transversal com um grupo de 32 pais e/ou responsáveis que responderam um questionário estruturado sobre o tema. Do total da amostra, 56,5% eram do gênero masculino. 53,2% relataram apresentar ranger de dentes, 75% se queixaram de dores de cabeça e 53,1% afirmaram que as crianças eram agitadas ou ansiosos. A prevalência de bruxismo no presente estudo foi de 53.2% (n=17), sendo que 34,4% (n=11) dos casos foram observados durante o período noturno. Foram observadas associações estatisticamente significativas entre o bruxismo diurno e a ocorrência de pesadelos (p = 0,011) e do hábito de falar enquanto dorme (p=0,009); além da associação entre bruxismo noturno e o perfil de comportamento ansioso e/ou agitado da criança (p=0,022). As demais variáveis do estudo não apresentaram associação estatística com o bruxismo diurno ou noturno (p>0,05). Conclui-se através do presente estudo que alterações no padrão do sono e no perfil de comportamento da criança, foram fatores associados à ocorrência de bruxismo em crianças.
“I Am Combined”: Chinese Teachers’ Cultural Identities and Pedagogical Learning
Authors: Ennser-Kananen Johanna , Wang Andie Fang
Published: July 2016

In order to become effective instructors of cultural sensitivity, teachers need spaces to engage in cultural identity work while developing their teaching practice. This qualitative case study analyzed the integration of cultural identity work and pedagogical learning of bicultural teachers of Chinese during a two-week long professional development (PD) course in the US. Data consisted of classroom videos, observations, and student work and was theorized within an identity-as-pedagogy framework. Findings revealed a bidirectional and dynamic relationship between teachers’ cultural identity work and their pedagogical learning: Teachers did - although not consistently - appropriate pedagogical theories (e.g. on curriculum planning) by integrating them with their own cultural experiences and identities and vice versa. These appropriations were not always in line with the goals of the PD course but highlight a need to deliberately and systematically integrate teachers’ cultural identity work with their pedagogical learning.
Developing Critical Reading of Argumentative Text: Effects of a Comprehension Strategy Intervention
Authors: Tengberg Michael , Olin-Scheller Christina
Published: July 2016

This article reports a single-group intervention study designed to improve critical reading proficiency among adolescents. Critical reading in the study is defined as 1) being able to identify written argumentative structure; 2) being able to analyze arguments in terms of relevance and sustainability; and 3) being able to evaluate argumentation through written, critical response. A multiple strategy approach for critical reading instruction was implemented over the course of six weeks (15 lessons) in four classes in Swedish 9th grade (N=74). Classroom activities included reading of argumentative texts, teacher modeling of three strategies (identifying, analyzing, and evaluating), frequent discussions, and response writing to argumentative texts. Results indicated that low and middle achievers made significant and large improvements from pretest to posttest, while for high achievers the intervention seemed to have no effect at all. Closer analysis also revealed that the ability to analyze arguments accounted for the largest proportion of improvement.
A Survey of University Students’ Knowledge of Vocabulary Learning Strategies and Influential Factors in Middle East
Authors: Behbahani Amin Rasti
Published: July 2016

In this study, the most and the least common vocabulary learning strategies was explored among Eastern Mediterranean University international students. Besides, the role of personal factors such as gender and English proficiency level of students were considered. After distributing the questionnaire, the data were analyzed applying t-test and ANOVA. It was revealed that the level of importance of vocabulary learning strategy use was moderate for the EMU international students. Furthermore, it was found that metacognitive strategies and social strategies are the most and the least common vocabulary learning strategies respectively utilized by EMU international students for learning vocabulary. Regarding the role of gender and proficiency level, the t-test and ANOVA results indicated that gender was an effective factor; whereas, proficiency was not an influential factor in preference of students for using vocabulary learning strategies. Male students preferred detrimental strategies but females preferred metacognitive strategies.
A Study on Chinese EFL Learners’ Vocabulary Usage in Writing
Authors: Zhai Lili
Published: July 2016

Vocabulary acquisition is one of the hottest research fields in English learning, which has aroused researchers’ great attention in recent years. However, their focus is on vocabulary size, vocabulary learning strategies and receptive lexical ability, seldom to productive lexical ability. Writing is an important productive ability for EFL learners, and a myriad of writing researches show that inappropriate vocabulary use leads to inferior writing quality. Therefore, research on learners’ vocabulary proficiency, especially their vocabulary in English writing is quite profound. 66 subjects from a comprehensive university participating in this study, finished one composition for analyzing their vocabulary usage, i.e. lexical richness which includes lexical sophistication and lexical variation. All the data and writing papers were analyzed with RANGE and SPSS 17.0. The findings of the present study demonstrated that the subjects relied more on the first 1000 word level to express their meanings in productive tasks and the lexical sophistication and lexical variation are not high. Subjects with different writing ability have differences in vocabulary usage, but the two groups only have significant difference in lexical variation and not in lexical sophistication. The present study enriches the research on vocabulary acquisition in SLA and provides helpful implications for vocabulary teaching and learning to improve learners’ vocabulary productive ability.
The Investigation of Compliment Response Patterns across Gender and Age among Advanced EFL Learners
Authors: Khaneshan Parisa Yazdani , Bonyadi Alireza
Published: July 2016

Compliment responses (CRs) as manifestations of social-cultural standards and politeness varieties of a certain speech community are prevalent types of speech acts which are vulnerable to be misunderstood and therefore cause communication breakdown. Having this in mind, the recent study aimed at investigating compliment response strategies of Iranian advanced EFL learners across gender and age. The data were collected through application of a Discourse Completion Task (DCT), borrowed from Chen and Yang (2010), with four situational settings (appearance, clothing, ability, and possession) to 50 male and 50 female advanced EFL learners of an English institute in Iran. Based on qualitative data analysis, no difference was shown between the CR strategies employed by male and female participants in terms of frequency. Likewise, it was revealed that the frequency of CR strategies used by teenage and adult groups was very close. However, scrutinizing the emerging themes, besides similarities between the given groups, some subtle differences in the terminology of the employed strategies were detected.
Intercultural Awareness in Foreign Language Teaching: A Chinese Perspective
Authors: Li Yinghao
Published: July 2016

The paper discusses the status quo of the English culture teaching and learning in Chinese colleges. In the pedagogical level, most foreign language teachers have very vague idea of what the culture should be and what should be taught in terms of English culture. Lacking in the principled methodology in promoting students’ intercultural awareness, teachers either turn deaf to the new trend or frustrated by the communicative approach, somehow falling back to the more traditional but effective grammar-translation approach. The changing scenario of language teaching has constituted new challenges for the English educators in China. The paper proposes that more research should be channeled to the research of the paradigm of the English as an International Language (EIL) through intercultural awareness.
Effects of Non-negotiated Pre-modified Input, Negotiation of Input without Output, and Negotiation of Input plus Pushed Output on EFL Learners’ Vocabulary Learning
Authors: Azizi Arash
Published: July 2016

This experimental study investigated the comparative effects of non-negotiated pre-modified input, negotiation of input without output, and negotiation of input plus pushed output on EFL learners’ comprehension and production.  Before starting the study, forty-three male and female adult students at intermediate level took the Preliminary English Test (PET) and 30 of the students who scored one standard deviation above and below the mean score in the PET were randomly assigned to three experimental groups. The whole treatment took 10 sessions and, after the treatment, two sets of tests were administered; i.e., one written and the other oral. Analysis of Variance on comprehension test and analysis of nonparametric alternative, i.e., Kruskal-Wallis test, on production test, indicated that (a) negotiation had a positive effect on the comprehension and production of targeted L2 vocabulary items and (b) negotiation of input plus pushed output did not promote production of L2 vocabulary more than negotiation of input without output. The findings of this study provide empirical evidence on the important role of negotiation in facilitating comprehension and production of targeted L2 vocabulary items.
Citizen-Centric Urban Planning through Extracting Emotion Information from Twitter in an Interdisciplinary Space-Time-Linguistics Algorithm
Authors: Resch Bernd , Summa Anja , Zeile Peter , Strube Michael
Published: July 2016

Traditional urban planning processes typically happen in offices and behind desks. Modern types of civic participation can enhance those processes by acquiring citizens’ ideas and feedback in participatory sensing approaches like “People as Sensors”. As such, citizen-centric planning can be achieved by analysing Volunteered Geographic Information (VGI) data such as Twitter tweets and posts from other social media channels. These user-generated data comprise several information dimensions, such as spatial and temporal information, and textual content. However, in previous research, these dimensions were generally examined separately in single-disciplinary approaches, which does not allow for holistic conclusions in urban planning. This paper introduces TwEmLab, an interdisciplinary approach towards extracting citizens’ emotions in different locations within a city. More concretely, we analyse tweets in three dimensions (space, time, and linguistics), based on similarities between each pair of tweets as defined by a specific set of functional relationships in each dimension. We use a graph-based semi-supervised learning algorithm to classify the data into discrete emotions (happiness, sadness, fear, anger/disgust, none). Our proposed solution allows tweets to be classified into emotion classes in a multi-parametric approach. Additionally, we created a manually annotated gold standard that can be used to evaluate TwEmLab’s performance. Our experimental results show that we are able to identify tweets carrying emotions and that our approach bears extensive potential to reveal new insights into citizens’ perceptions of the city.
Designing the Master Research Program Taking into Account the Results of Approbation and Implementation of the Professional Standard of the Teacher
Authors: Rubtsov V.V. , Guruzhapov V.A.
Published: July 2016

The experience of the Masterresearch program designing “Cultural-historical Psychology and Activity-based Approach in Education” is considered in the article. Special attention is paid to the originality of the content of research activities corresponding to the level of Master program graduates. The authors describe professional competences of the research type and actions that students of the research program master.The basis of the generalized method of study of problems of educational activity is the methodology of Cultural-historical Psychology and Activity Approach in education, to be more precise, the works of L.S. Vygotsky, A. N. Leontiev, A. R. Luria, P. Y. Galperin, A. V. Zaporozhets, D. B. Elkonin, V. V. Davydov and of their followers. The Master research program offers professional training in the form of specially organized research work of students including the solution of the professional research problems and performance of professional research activities aimed at the identification and analysis of learning activity problems (game for pre-school stage of general education). The example of sequence of actions forcarrying out specific Master’s research is provided.
Differentiated Levels of Teacher Qualifications and the Structure of the Professional Teacher Standards
Authors: Zabrodin Y.M. , Gayazova L.A. , Sergomanov P.A.
Published: July 2016

This article discusses and analyzes the questions effect of professional standards for the preparation and development of professional resources, world experience in the development and implementation of professional standards, typical problems and necessary conditions for increasing the efficiency of the development and implementation of professional standards. The formation of labor functions of teaching staff requirements, taking into account the differentiated c skill levels are formulated in the study. Formulated requirements extend requirements for the qualification of workers which are determined with the Russian Ministry of Labor-specific professional activity types. The study proposed options for the construction of the structure of job functions of the professional teacher standard that correspond differentiated levels of staff qualifications.
Professional Exam: Assessing Teachers’ Qualifications According to Requirements of Professional Standard
Authors: Minyurova S.A. , Leonova O.I.
Published: July 2016

This paper focuses on the issues of applying professional standards for preschool and school teachers in the assessment of teachers’ qualifications and the development of their professional skills. The paper reviews foreign practices in the subject and approaches to the organization of qualification exams for teachers in various countries. The discussed issues include the development of such criteria for assessing the quality of teaching activity that would promote professional skills in teachers as well as reveal the outcomes of this activity in students. The paper concludes with an outline of the key elements of the model of professional exam for teachers as a form of assessment aiming to prove that teachers’ qualifications meet the requirements of the professional standard.
Congenital capsular and zonular abnormalities
Authors: Grabobetskiy Valeriy R , Titarenko Aleksandra I , Papayan Sanasar S
Published: July 2016

This article contains a review of the literature on the issue of congenital ectopia of the lens. Two clinical cases of different surgical cataract managements of hereditary subluxated lens were described. Despite of the similar clinical manifestations different surgical approaches were used. The type of surgery was determined with the severity of dystrophic zonules changes and microspherophakia. In both cases the improvement of visual function was achieved.
Mistakes and complications in the surgical treatment of ambulatory equino planovalgus foot deformities in patients with cerebral palsy using extra-articular subtalar arthrodesis
Authors: Umnov Valery V , Umnov Dmitry V
Published: July 2016

Aim.To evaluate the results of a modified technique for extra-articular arthrodesis of the subtalar joint for patients with cerebral palsy with an ambulatory form of equine-planovalgus deformity of the foot. The mistakes and complications that occurred during treatment with this technique are discussed.Materials and methods.Between 2005 and 2015, this surgical method for performing arthrodesis of the subtalar joint, was performed on 544 patients (989 feet) between 4 and 15 years old. Correction of equinus contracture was performed using Achilles tendon plasty or dissection of the tendon of the gastrocnemius muscle. Abnormal muscle tone was reduced either by administering Dysport® in the calf muscle or by selective neurotomy of the tibial nerve.Results. Good results were achieved for 72% of cases, satisfactory for 23% of cases, and unsatisfactory for 5% of cases. Unsatisfactory results of treatment were associated with overvaluation of the degree of mobility of the deformity and with a number of technical and tactical mistakes.Conclusion.This analysis of mistakes and complications of extra-articular arthrodesis of the subtalar joint will allow surgeons to avoid these issues in the future and improve the quality of treatment for similar patients.
Treatment of flexion contracture of the knee joint in children with arthrogryposis: A literature review
Authors: Mulevanova Svetlana A , Agranovich Olga E
Published: July 2016

Knee joint lesions are observed in 58%-90% of patients with arthrogryposis. Majority of these cases involved flexion contracture of the knee. Ambulation is possible with a deficit of knee extension of 15-20°. Currently there is no standardized treatment in global practice, which makes the treatment of this disease extremely challenging. Clinicians must take into account the degree of flexion contracture, segmental level of the spinal cord lesion, and the age of the child when considering treatment options. In this study, national and international literature relating to the clinical profile, classification, and conservative and surgical treatment of this condition were reviewed. The following treatments have been considered for this condition: casts, extensor osteotomy, arthrolysis of the knee, the use of external fixation devices, and hemi-epiphysiodesis. The high probability of relapse for flexion contracture of the knee joint in children with arthrogryposis has been described.