bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
PENINGKATAN PEMBERDAYAAN MASYARAKAT UNTUK MENURUNKAN ANGKA KEJADIAN PENYAKIT KRONIS DI MASYARAKAT
Authors: Mukaromah Siti , Rusdi Rusdi
Published: September 2021

Peningkatan beberapa kejadian penyakit ini cenderung meningkat seiring bertambahnya usia sehingga lebih banyak dialami oleh lansia, Upaya pencegahan an kejadian tersebut dapat dilakukan dengan tindakan deteksi dini, berupa pemeriksaan yan terkait dengan penyakit degeratif yang rentan dialami oleh lansia, kegiatan yang dilakukan melaksanakan pemeriksaan dan penyuluhan mengenai deteksi dini kejadian penyakit kronis. Kesimpulan Deteksi dini merupakan upaya dasar yang penting dilakukan dalam rangka pengendalian penyakit degeneratif pada lansia. Upaya pengendalian ini dapat dimulai dengan pendidikan kesehatan untuk meningkatkan pengetahuan lansia tentang kejadian penyakit degeneratif
UPAYA PENINGKATAN PENGETAHUAN MASYARAKAT MELALUI KEGIATAN PENYULUHAN KESEHATAN MENGENAI MENGENALI OBESITAS & POTENSI PENYAKIT SERTA UPAYA PENGENDALIANNYA
Authors: Damanik Chrisyen , Sinaga Sumiati , Mukaromah Siti
Published: September 2021

Obesitas adalah suatu penyakit serius yang dapat mengakibatkan masalah emosional dan sosial. Seorang dikatakan overweight bila berat badannya 10% sampai dengan 20% berat badan normal, sedangkan seseorang disebut obesitas apabila kelebihan berat badan mencapai lebih 20% dari berat normal. status kesehatan mayoritas masyakat RT 33 sebagian besar dalam kondisi kesehatan baik, namun terdapat beberapa dari masyarakat RT 09 yang menderita penyakit yang diantaranya Hipertensi, Berat Badan Berlebih sampai dengan Obesitas, Asam Urat, Gastritis, ISPA, Dislipedmia, gangguan jantung, stroke dan DM. Masyarkat RT 33 dengan tingkat Pendidikan yang rata-rata Pendidikan dalam kategori Atas dan memiliki penghasilan menengah atas, Masyarakat RT 33 memiliki pola kebiasaan hidup sehat yang dapat ditunjukkan melalui perilaku kebiasaan melaksanakan kegiatan olahraga rutin seperti senam sehat maupun jalan santai, dan masyakat memiliki kebiasaan menggunakan sarana layanan kesehatan seperti praktek dokter, klinik maupun rumah sakit yang memfasilitasi masyarakat dalam mengatasi dan mencegah setiap penyakit yang berkembang di masyarakat. Kegiatan yang dilaksanakan meliputi Penjajakan, Perneriksaan Kesehatan, Konseling & Penyuluhan Kesehatan rnengenali Obesitas & Potensi Penyakit Serta Upaya Pengendaliannya ditujukan pada warga RT 33 Kelurahan Air Putih Kota Samarinda. Sebanyak kurang lebih 26 peserta yang dilaksanakan pada tanggal 14 sampai 16 November 2019. Kegiatan pengabdian kepada masyarakat mendapatkan respon yang antusias dari warga masyarakat RT 33 Kelurahan Air Putih. Hasil Pemeriksaan kesehatan terdapat 15 orang masyarakat mengalami Berat Badan Berlebih, 6 diantaranya mendekat obesitas bahkan obesitas, 13 peserta mengalami peningkatan kadar kolesterol, dan terdapat 3 diantaranya warga mengalai berat badan berlebih dan terkena penyakit jantung dan DM
Improvement of Static Voltage Stability of 16-Bus Bali System by Optimal Placement of SVC
Authors: Agustini Ni Putu , Wartana I Made , Lomi Abraham
Published: September 2021

In a power system, the reactive power imbalance is related to the stability of the static voltage because the injection of reactive power that the bus receives from the system determines the bus's capability in the system. Rapid increases in real and reactive power losses occur as the system approaches the voltage drop point or the maximum load point. It is necessary to support local and adequate reactive power to avoid system leading to be voltage collapse. This study analyzes the improvement of the margin of static voltage stability using one type of modern control equipment of shunt flexible AC transmission system (FACTS), namely the static var compensator (SVC). The controller's representations are used in the continuation power flow (CPF) process to study static voltage stability. The proposed method's effectiveness has been investigated using a practical test system, namely the Bali 16-bus system, to increase the system loading capacity. The simulation was carried out by installing a modern controller in the best location, namely on bus 07 ASARI; an increase in system margin loading closed to 2% compared to the base case condition, namely λmax = 1,879 p.u with the voltage profile not changing significantly.
An Analytical Approach in Calculation of the inductance of Single-Phase Asynchronous Motors.
Authors: Hartungi Rusdy , Agustina Luis Gomez- , Ye Zhihui
Published: September 2021

In optimizing design of the iron core, it is essential to know the magnetic field of the coil outside the core to get the leakage inductance, because the leakage inductance in this area usually provides high contribution to the flux density in the iron core. In this paper, an analytical solution as an alternative to three-dimensional FEM (finite element method) to calculate the field outside the iron core by solving analytical equation using MathCAD is presented. The analytical method provides results that are close to result given by three-dimensional FEM, but with the great advantage of dramatically reduced computing time.
ТИЛ БИРЛИКЛАРИНИНГ МАТН ИНФОРМАТИВЛИК ВАЗИФАСИ ВОҚЕЛАНИШИГА ҚЎШАДИГАН ҲИССАСИ
Authors: DANIEVA Maysara
Published: September 2021

Мақолада инглиз тили сўз бирикмаларининг матн шакллантириш жараёнига қўшадиган ҳиссалари ҳақида сўз боради. Ахборотнинг ҳосил бўлиши ҳар қандай тил бирликларининг денотатив, ассоциатив ва коннотатив маъно касб этувчи муносабатларга киришуви билан боғлиқ. Бундай ифода қобилиятига сўз бирикмалари ҳам эга ва уларнинг худди шу имкониятларини ёритиш тил ҳодисалари дискурсив-когнитив ҳамда коммуникатив табиатини равшанлаштириш вазифаси амалга ошишига йўл очиб беради. Агар информативлик хусусияти матннинг етакчи категориялари қаторидан ўрин олишини назарда тутадиган бўлсак, ахборот мундарижасига эга бўлмаган нутқий тузилма матн бўла олмайди деган хулоса мақолада асослаб берилган. Шунингдек, мақолада сўз бирикмаларининг такрорий қўлланиши ва уларнинг матн ахборот заҳираси яратилишига қўшадиган ҳиссаси ҳақида фикр билдирилади, чунки сўз бирикмалари ҳам нутқий фаолиятда тайёр бирликлар сифатида қайтадан ёки такрорий қўлланиш имкониятига эга. Ахборотнинг концептуал тус олиши ва контекст билан боғланиши асосан бадиий мулоқот матнларига хосдир. Чунки бадиий тафаккурнинг ўзига хос хусусиятлари мавжуд, унинг жараёнида баён этилаётган воқеа-ҳодисалар муаллиф тасаввури, унинг хаёлий дунёсида кечади. Бадиий матнда ахборот жойлашувининг кўлами ва воситаларни аниқлаш учун ушбу мақолада насрий матнлар билан бир қаторда У. Б. Ейтснинг “Леда ва Оққуш” шеъри ҳам таҳлилга тортилди. Маълумки, лисоний тафаккур фаолиятининг энг муҳим турларидан бири — инсоннинг ўз тажрибасига асосланган ҳолда воқеликдаги ҳодисалар, уларнинг белги-хусусиятларини, ҳаракатларини фарқлаш ва гуруҳларга киритишдир. Ушбу жараён таҳлилида таниқли тилшунос олимларнинг назарий билимларига таянилган ҳолда мақолада коммуникатив-ахборот мазмуни даражасининг ўсиши ёки пасайиши тил бирликларининг структур жиҳатлари ва нутқий фаоллашуви қоидамеъёрлари билан бир хилда боғлиқ деган хулосаларга келинган.
ОЛАМ МАНЗАРАЛАРИ ИФОДАСИДА МИЛЛИЙ-МАДАНИЙ ВА ЛИНГВОГЕОГРАФИК ОМИЛЛАРНИНГ РОЛИ
Authors: BAKHRONOVA Dilrabo
Published: September 2021

Мақолада халқ ва менталитет, категориялар, инсонтил-тафаккур-маданият, оламнинг турли (лисоний, фалсафий, фольклор, мифологик, диний) манзаралари, концептуал тадқиқотлар, этнослар тарихи ва шахснинг лисоний онги, бадиий матннинг ментал макони ва бошқа, замонавий тилшунослик учун долзарб бўлган масалалар кўриб чиқилди. Оламнинг турли манзараларининг жаҳон тилшунослигида ўрганилган назарий масалаларига муносабат билдирилди, уларга таъриф ва тавсиф берилди. Мақолада, шунингдек, “Сомон йўли” атамаси ва турли метафораларнинг хусусиятлари, келиб чиқиши ўрганилади, аниқланади ва тавсифланади. Табиат, макон ва замондаги мавжуд воқеа-ҳодисалар, чексиз оламлар сир-синоатга тўлалиги билан инсониятни доимо жалб қилган. Оламнинг илмий манзараси шаклланишидан аввал Коинот, Она замин ва уммон тубларининг сирли, мистик хусусиятлари оламнинг мифологик ва фольклор манзараларида ифодаланган. Уларда инсон ўзини гоҳида бу ҳаётнинг яратувчиси, гоҳида унинг қурбонидек ҳис қилиши, ўзини ҳимоя қилиш учун уни ўраб турган оламни тушунишга интилиши тасвирланган. Демак, олам манзаралари турли жамиятларда ҳудуди ва ижтимоий мавқеига кўра асрлар давомида шаклланади, ўзига хос стереотиплар, эталон ва қонун-қоидаларни яратади. Одамзотнинг борлиқ-табиатга бўлган бундай муносабати маданият қатламларини ташкил этувчи оламнинг турли манзараларида акс этган.
ЛИНГВИСТИЧЕСКИЕ ТЕХНОЛОГИИ, РЕЧЕВЫЕ АКТЫ МЕДИАКОММУНИКАЦИЙ1
Authors: MUMINOVA Fatima
Published: September 2021

В статье рассматриваются лингвистические аспекты медиакоммуникаций, теория речевых актов, основные составляющие, различные подходы и взгляды, их интерпретации, оценки. На вопрос, чем отличается простое высказывание от высказывания/предложения в речевом акте, следует ответ: в речевом акте предложение используется с каким-либо намерением, коммуникативной целью: что-то сообщить, к чему-либо призвать, убедить, повлиять и т.д. Уделяется внимание видам иллокутивных функций предложений, коммуникативной задаче высказывания в речевом акте. Типы предложений и типы речевых актов определяются целями высказывания и исходя из этого подразделяются: на повествовательные. вопросительные, побудительные. В основе этой общепринятой классификации лежит использование предложения с той или иной иллокутивной функцией. Акцент делается на влияние речевых актов на коммуникацию, средства и пути достижения эффективного общения между группами социума. Анализируются медиатексты в СМИ и их прагматические свойства при общении с целевой аудиторией, в частности, уделяется внимание фешен-текстам зарубежного глянцевого журнала о моде, а также анализу иллокутивных функций в медиатекстах социальной сети Твиттер. В заключении статьи указывается на важность знания журналистами лингвистических особенностей медиатекстов, функциональных типов предложений, используемых в речевых актах аудио- и письменных/печатных произведениях СМИ. Это существенный фактор целенаправленного, эффективного журналистского творчества и активной коммуникации с аудиторией.
Battery-Supercapacitor Hybrids: A Literature Review
Authors: Lodha Praanav
Published: September 2021

This literature review explains the construction and charge storage mechanisms in Lithium-ion batteries. Further, it elaborates on the electrode reactions in Lithium-ion batteries, and commonly used electrode materials and their structures. Different types of Lithium-based batteries’ electrochemical performance were compared, in addition to other relevant differentiators. The energy storage mechanism in Supercapacitors is briefly touched upon – and the electrochemical performance of supercapacitors is compared with that of lithium-ion batteries. Battery supercapacitor hybrids are introduced, with a brief section on their development over the past two decades following explanations of the charge storage mechanism and construction of battery supercapacitor hybrids. Battery supercapacitor hybrids are then compared with existing electrochemical energy storage mechanisms and finally, two types of battery supercapacitor hybrids were discussed.
Beamformer Design and Optimization for Full-Duplex Joint Communication and Sensing at mm-Waves
Authors: Baquero Barneto Carlos , Riihonen Taneli , Liyanaarachchi Sahan Damith , Heino Mikko , González-Prelcic Nuria , Valkama Mikko
Published: September 2021

In this article, we study the joint communication and sensing (JCAS) paradigm in the context of millimeter-wave (mm-wave) mobile communication networks. We specifically address the JCAS challenges stemming from the full-duplex operation and from the co-existence of multiple simultaneous beams for communications and sensing purposes. To this end, we first formulate and solve beamforming optimization problems for hybrid beamforming based multiuser multiple-input and multiple-output JCAS systems. The cost function to be maximized is the beamformed power at the sensing direction while constraining the beamformed power at the communications directions, suppressing interuser interference and cancelling full-duplexing related self-interference (SI). We then also propose new transmitter and receiver beamforming solutions for purely analog beamforming based JCAS systems that maximize the beamforming gain at the sensing direction while controlling the beamformed power at the communications direction(s), cancelling the SI as well as eliminating the potential reflection from the communication direction and optimizing the combined radar pattern (CRP). Both closed-form and numerical optimization based formulations are provided. We analyze and evaluate the performance through extensive simulations, and show that substantial gains and benefits in terms of radar transmit gain, CRP, and SI suppression can be achieved with the proposed beamforming methods.
Seed Quality of Paddy Variety (Oryza sativa L.) Resistant to Vegetative Phase Drought Stress
Authors: Jati Winggi Anggun , Negara Zaidan Panji , Sulaiman Firdaus
Published: September 2021

Drought is an abiotic stress that can affect paddy yields by inhibiting growth, thereby reducing the quality of the seeds produced. This study aimed to find out the best seed quality of several paddy varieties produced from the plants experiencing drought stress in the vegetative phase. The varieties used in the study were Inpago 12, Unsoed 1, Inpago 4, Inpago 5, Inpago 9, Inpago 8, Inpago 10, Inpara 8, Inpara 9, Rindang 1, Rindang 2, Situ Patenggang, Towuti, and Batu Tegi. The drought stress was applied to the vegetative phase of the plant by reducing the intensity of water supply (63.5% moisture content), then the resulting seeds were tested in the laboratory. The results of the study showed that the highest seed quality value in the drought stress treatment of the vegetative phase were the Inpara 8 variety, followed by the Towuti variety with 93.33% and 88% germination values, 82.67% and 70% simultaneous growth, 12.11% and 8.44% germination rate, 64% and 64% germination strength, and 18.99 and 16.83 vigor indexes. Meanwhile, the lowest seed quality was the Inpago 8 variety with 26% germination value, 21.33% simultaneous growth, 1.33% germination speed, 3.33% germination strength, and 2.71 vigor index. Among all the varieties tested, the Inpara 8 and Towuti are those with the best seed quality values ​​after experiencing drought stress during the vegetative phase.
CAFFEINATED PRODUCTS CONSUMPTION AND THEIR HEALTH AND BEHAVIOR ALERTS AMONG MEDICAL STUDENTS AT BENGHAZI UNIVERSITY
Authors: Manal Meilad  , Sabreen Ramadan  , Haya Hassan  , Ali Ateia Elmabsout
Published: September 2021

Introduction: Caffeine is the most widely consumed psychoactive substance in the world and not only found in coffee, but also present in some products includes tea, energy drinks, caffeine containing medicine and soft drink. The aim of conducting the research is to study most popular caffeinated product consumption and its health and behavior alerts among medical students.
Methods: A cross sectional study was conducted from beginning of January to the end of March 2020 on branches of medical faculties involved 545 students. Purposive sampling was used to enroll students for this study and they were asked to respond to the validated questionnaires. A questionnaire related to the caffeinated products consumption and related health problems. The analysis included frequency, percentages, mean, standard deviation, unpaired T-test and ANOVA.
Result and discussion : The data collected on 545 students found that medical student consumed caffeine in the form of chocolate 87%, coffee 86%, Tea 74.9% soft beverages 67.2% , and Arabic coffee 59.1% ( P= 0.000). Most of the medical student have had some reasons for drinking caffeinated products and these reasons shown significant differences (P< 0.05) and these reasons include 76.5% increase during exam time, about 65% , to a raise level of attention and focus at the lecture and 62% for improve mood .However, students did not aware and expect the negative effect towards caffeine consumption. Based on gender, there was different on the amounts of daily caffeine intake by which male more than female (P< 0.05). Furthermore caffeinated products consumption significant associated with increased body weight (P< 0.05) There also found significant differences of caffeinated products intake among male and female (P< 0.05) by which male more frequent consume.
Conclusions: Drinking caffeine containing products by the students were variable from different sources. Although, students were shown consumed caffeine at modest levels. In spite , monitoring is necessary for the daily intake and there is need for educational programs about the health effects related to high consumption of caffeinated products.
KEYWORDS: malnutrition, caffeinated, BMI, Behaviors.
USAGE OF IDIOMS WITH THE CONCEPT “BLACK” IN THE ENGLISH AND KARAKALPAK LANGUAGES
Authors: Abdullaeva Dilbar
Published: September 2021

The article deals with the importance of using idioms, peculiarities, semantic meanings, and formation of idiomatic expressions. In this article, idioms with the concept “black” in the English and Karakalpak languages have been analyzed and examples are provided. Comparative and descriptive methods analyses are used in this article. The article gives information about the problem of understanding and using idioms with foreign speakers lies in the definition of an idiom. Also, in the article, black color in the Karakalpak culture is explained and the reason of why this colour mostly associated with the negative concepts has been defined.
KEY WORDS: idioms, black, English and Karakalpak language, idiomatic expressions.
Contemporary State and Perspectives of Czech Geomorphology
Authors: Czudek Tadeáš
Published: September 2021

The paper deals with the development, contemporary state and perspectives of Czech geomorphology. The evaluation of the results which have been attained since 1952 provides a critical analysis of the reasons for the present state, and outlines the trend of further evolution.
Going Deeper: Broadening the Perspectives of an Advisee Through Metaphor and a Learning Advising Tool
Authors: Cardiff Philip
Published: September 2021

This reflective paper outlines an advising session conducted online as part of the assessment for an advising in language learning certification at Kanda University of International Studies (KUIS). Specifically, the author focuses on the use of an advising tool (Wheel of Language Learning) combined with metaphor in an attempt to deepen a learner’s reflection process. In addition to reflecting on their performance and continuing development as an advisor, the author discusses how the advising course has broadened his teaching perspectives.
Who am I?: Identity Transformation Through Distance Learning
Authors: Hollinshead Ena
Published: September 2021

Identity is hard for many people to articulate. It is something that is always evolving and which varies depending on the context you are in and the things you do. In this article, I outline my journey through distance learning and the profound impact this had on my sense of identity and how I see myself and my place in the world. I will discuss the challenges and the support I received along the way and how autonomy played an important role for my identity transformation.
RADIATION DOSE TO THE EYE AND POTENTIAL OCCURRENCE RADIATION- INDUCED CATARACT FOLLOWING COMPUTED TOMOGRAPHY (CT) HEAD EXAMINATION
Authors: Mohd Hilal Muhammad Ikhmal Naim , Ganesan Rekha , Mohd Norsuddin Norhashimah , Ibrahim Mohd Izuan , Said. Rahmat Said Mohd Shaffiq , Abd Karim Muhammad Khalis , Iza Nurzawani Che Isa
Published: September 2021

The eye is a radiosensitive organ that lies within the scan range during Computed Tomography (CT) of the head. The utilization of the head CT is increasing with growing concern about the chances of development of cataract which induces by ionising radiation. This research aimed to calculate eye absorbed dose and to study the potential occurrence of radiation induces cataracts between CT Brain and CT Temporal. A total of 399 set data were obtained retrospectively according to inclusion and exclusion criteria. 364 patients underwent CT Brain while 35 patients’ data obtained for CT Temporal. The scanning parameters such as tube current, tube potential, pitch factor, beamwidth, filter, revolution time, and filter were recorded. Eye absorbed dose was significantly different (p<0.05) between CT brain (49.07±10.08mGy) and CT temporal (25.72 ± 6.12mGy). None of the analysed data exceeded the eye threshold dose recommended by ICRP 2012. However, as expected, the cumulative eye absorbed dose was increased as the frequencies of the scan increase. The highest number of repeated scans is five times with cumulative dose was recorded as 278.27mGy. In conclusion, the eye absorbed dose is higher in CT Brain compared to CT Temporal and has potential for induction of cataract in the future especially with the patient that undergoes repeated CT examination.
IS COVID-19 PREPAREDNESS AND ANXIETY CORRELATED? EMERGING DISEASE OUTBREAKS IN THE THAI CONTEXTS
Authors: Lateh Afifi , Prasopchai Pasunon  , Kiflan Dolah  , Panida Kongjam  , Saminee Chemae  , Phanupong Panomwan  , Alawee Lateh
Published: September 2021

It has been almost a half year since COVID-19 has forced all nations to speed up their outbreak preparedness as it simultaneously created significant public anxiety. This study investigated the canonical relationship between factors of COVID-19 preparedness and anxiety and proposed a conceptual model framework on these factors in the contexts of Thailand. This mixed-methods study employed an explanatory sequential design to conduct a two-phase exploration. Quantitative data were collected in the first phase using online questionnaires. The sample included 2808 respondents selected through a convenience and a snowball sampling. Data collection was conducted from March 29 to May 16, 2020, and content analysis was employed to process these data. The quantitative analysis with canonical relationship between COVID-19 preparedness and anxiety was 0.403 at a moderate level (p-value < 0.01). Thai citizens with high preparedness on risk mitigation and long-term outbreak mitigation planning tended to congruently demonstrate high anxiety towards responses of the government and public sectors, corruption, and misconduct. The conceptual model framework of qualitative analysis on preparedness were classified into three levels, i.e., individuals, families and communities, and social networks. COVID-19 anxiety that was related to a) responses of the government and public sectors, and b) corruption and misconduct, and also showed direct impacts on work and life anxiety. Thai citizens recognized and understood that self-reliance is mostly needed to relieve pandemic-related anxiety. Cooperation with public and private bodies on precautionary measures was deemed essential to prevent a second wave of spread.
SPATIAL STATISTICAL ANALYSIS OF FEMALE BREAST CANCER INCIDENCE IN IRAQ DURING 2000-2015
Authors: Al-Hashimi Muzahem , M. Nori Mahmood Edrees
Published: September 2021

The spatial statistical analysis of breast cancer incidences across Iraq has not been explored in Iraq. This paper aimed to explore the spatial pattern and risk clusters of female breast cancer incidence from 2000 to 2015 in Iraq (except the Kurdish region). To enhance statistical stability and to access the changes over time, we split the data according to the geographical district into three periods (2000-2004, 2005-2009, and 2010-2015). The age-standardized incidence rates (ASRs) were calculated using the world standard population. Having obtained estimates ASRs, the global index of spatial autocorrelation (Moran’s  statistic) was used to assess spatial dependence across districts for ASRs. Anselin local Moran’s  statistic was used to identify spatial outliers. Additionally, we used Getis-Ord  statistic to detect hotspots and coldspots over entire Iraq that represent clusters of districts with significantly high or low ASRs. A total of 44,496 cases were reported in 2000-2015 in Iraq, with an ASR of incidence of (32.81/100,000). The ASR incidence of breast cancer showed a significant average percentage change of 5.40% from 2002 to 2015. The spatial autocorrelation analysis showed insignificant positive spatial autocorrelation in 2000-2004, and significant positive spatial autocorrelation in 2005-2009, and in 2010-2015. This study identified four districts as high-risk areas for breast cancer during the two periods 2005-2009 and 2010-2015, including Al-Karkh, Al-Adhamia, Al-Rissafa, and Al-Sadir. This information can assist the allocation of health care resources and expand cancer prevention efforts.
PREVALENCE, PATTERNS AND PERCEPTION OF TOBACCO USE AMONG HEALTH SCIENCES UNDERGRADUATE STUDENTS IN MALAYSIA: A CROSS SECTIONAL STUDY
Authors: Ramamurthy Priyadarshini , Fernandes Bennete , Rath Avita
Published: September 2021

The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence and patterns of tobacco use among health sciences undergraduate students. A cross-sectional study was conducted among 422 students in four health sciences faculties at a private university in Kota Damansara, Selangor Malaysia. Data was collected through a self-administrated validated questionnaire, adopted and modified from the Global Youth Tobacco Survey. The survey  was administered online  using a Google Form for the participants to fill. Data was analysed using SPSS version 22. Descriptive statistics was used to express results in percentage. Chi-square test and multivariable logistic regression was used to test the association of smoking status and demographic variables. p value of <0.05 was considered as statistically significant. Results showed that more than 90% of the respondents were aware of the harmful effects of tobacco and effects of passive smoking. About one fifth of the participants had used tobacco (19%) in our study. Out of the tobacco users, 95% had used tobacco in more than one form. The most important reasons for smoking were peer pressure (36%) and stress (35%). No significant differences were found between age,  faculty, year of study, or nationality, with the use of tobacco. Multivariable logistic regression analysis showed significant gender differences in smoking with more smokers among males than females. In conclusion, about one fifth of the health science undergraduate students had  used tobacco products in our study reflecting a seemingly inappropriate portrait as compared to their future careers as health professionals. Therefore, there is an urgent need for reinforcement of education and assistance on quitting tobacco usage among the undergraduates of health science faculties.
Cytotoxic effect of hydroalcoholic extract of Cota tinctoria (L.) J.Gay on AGS and Hep-G2 cancer cell lines
Authors:   Islamic Azad University, Shamloo Sharareh , Jafari Marandi Sayeh ,   Islamic Azad University, Tajadod Golnaz ,   Islamic Azad University, Majd Ahmad ,   Islamic Azad University, Rahimi Roja ,   Tehran University of Medical Sciences
Published: September 2021

Cota tinctoria is a medicinal plant which has been used for management of cancer in folk medicine of various regions. The aim of present study is to investigate cytotoxic activity of different concentrations of hydroalcoholic extract of C. tinctoria flowers on gastric (AGS) and liver (Hep-G2) cancer cell lines as well as Human Natural GUM fibroblast (HUGU) cells. Cell mortality rates were examined after 24, 48 and 72 h incubations using the MTT assay. IC50 of extract on AGS cells after 24, 48 and 72h was 1.46, 1.29 and 1.14 µg/mL respectively. The extract demonstrated IC50 of 5.15, 3.92 and 2.89 µg/mL on Hep-G2 cells after 24, 48 and 72 h respectively. No cytotoxic effect was detected on HUGU (Human Natural GUM fibroblast) cells. C. tinctoria seems to have a promising potential to be considered as a source for anticancer drug discovery. However, more experimental and clinical studies are required.
Questões de família: um estudo sobre as relações em família no romance As aves não têm céu, de Ricardo Fonseca Mota
Authors: Stella Melo da Silva Martha
Published: September 2021

Este artigo dedica-a ao estudo das relações em família no romance As aves não têm céu (2020), de Ricardo Fonseca Mota, considerando o patriarcado como categoria de análise. De forma geral, objetiva-se analisar como o discurso do patriarcado se apresenta na organização familiar dos personagens do romance. Para isso, procurou-se identificar quais aspectos mudaram em relação ao modelo de família patriarcal e quais permanecem presentes sob uma nova roupagem. O estudo demonstrou que ainda estão presentes nas famílias dos personagens valores do patriarcado, materializados pelo discurso de inferioridade da mulher e incapacidade de conciliar trabalho e família. Outrossim, evidenciou-se também que o discurso do patriarcado ultrapassa os limites do ambiente familiar, atingindo todos os espaços da sociedade, impingindo sobre a mulher a responsabilidade por toda espécie de desajuste seja em ambiente familiar, seja no espaço do trabalho.
Do silenciamento à autonomia: representações e rasuras das subalternidades femininas em A terceira mãe, de Julieta Monjinho
Authors: Vicente Valentim Jorge , Pirouzi Junior Ailton
Published: September 2021

O trabalho propõe uma leitura do romance A terceira mãe (2008), da escritora portuguesa Julieta Monginho, a partir da percepção de um movimento que vai do silenciamento à autonomia feminina. Na sequência de trajetórias de mãe, filha e neta, a autora entrelaça três gerações distintas de mulheres em contextos diferentes ao longo dos séculos XX-XXI. Ligadas pelo sangue e pelas experiências, as três personagens formam o foco da trama narrativa, com uma especial centralidade sobre a figura da primeira mãe, Rosalina. Assim, do silenciamento imposto à mãe/avó, por fatores sócio-políticos, à autonomia da neta, Joana, a efabulação romanesca tece as trajetórias dessas três mulheres portuguesas.
As velhas criadas n´ O último cais, de Helena Marques
Authors: Slaničková Silvia
Published: September 2021

O artigo pretende analisar as relações que as principais figuras femininas do romance O último cais, de Helena Marques, mantêm com os seus subalternos, nomeadamente com as velhas criadas que, durante várias décadas, prestam serviço nas casas das famílias da alta burguesia funchalense. O objetivo do artigo é a abordagem da posição das criadas no meio familiar, as razões da proximidade com as patroas e as consequências advindas dessa relação. Ao mesmo tempo, analisa o contraste entre a vida citadina e o ambiente de origem das criadas, bem como a influência que estas acabam por exercer na sociedade.
Procalcitonin: friend or foe in the setting of antimicrobial therapy?
Authors:   Institutul Naţional de Boli Infecţioase „Prof. Dr. Matei Balş“, Bucureşti, Gheorghiţă Valeriu ,   Spitalul Universitar de Urgenţă Militar Central „Dr. Carol Davila“, Bucureşti, Răşcanu Aida ,   Institutul Naţional de Boli Infecţioase „Prof. Dr. Matei Balş“, Bucureşti
Published: September 2021

According to WHO, infectious diseases remain in the top 10 of the most common causes of death worldwide, leading to an excessive consumption of antibiotics, often unnecessarily. Antibiotic stewardship policy aims to identify an useful surrogate marker for the differential diagnosis of the bacterial infections from viral or fungal infections. The aims of this strategy is to restrict the prescriptions of antibiotics in order to reduce morbidity associated with excessive antibiotic treatment, decrease of bacterial resistance and optimize the costs of patient care. Procalcitonin (PCT) has emerged in the early ‘90s as a specific biomarker for bacterial infections. Many clinical studies have shown a correlation between the use of PCT as a diagnostic marker of bacterial sepsis and decrease antibiotic consumption, without a secondary increase in mortality. However, the PCT has a number of limitations regarding sensitivity and specificity. Thus, it may be increased in non-infectious diseases or it may remain at low levels in bacterial infections. Also, PCT cannot replace clinical evaluation and bacteriological tests in facing a patient with suspected infectious disease. This review aims to summarize the available informations so far about pathophysiological mechanisms, biological role and clinical utility of PCT in the diagnostic and treatment algorithm of bacterial infections.
Controversies regarding the relation between solar radiation, cutaneous synthesis of vitamin D and the development of malignant melanoma
Authors:   Spitalul de Nefrologie „Dr. Carol Davila“, Bucureşti, Ene Corina-Daniela ,   POSDRU 159/1.5/S/135760 CERO – Profil de carieră: cercetător român, Anghel Amalia-Elena ,   POSDRU 159/1.5/S/135760 CERO – Profil de carieră: cercetător român,   SKINMED CLINIC, Bucureşti, România, Muşetescu Alina ,   Departamentul de Cercetare în Dermatologie, Spitalul Clinic de Boli Infecţioase şi  Tropicale „Victor Babeş“ Bucureşti, Nicolae Ilinca ,   Departamentul de Cercetare în Dermatologie, Spitalul Clinic de Boli Infecţioase şi  Tropicale „Victor Babeş“ Bucureşti
Published: September 2021

The relation between sun exposure, vitamin D synthesis and skin cancer is a complex one. Radiations from the sun stimulate the cutaneous vitamin D synthesis, one way, and promote the development of the skin cancer on the other way. A lot of epidemiologic and experimental studies revealed contradictory results regarding the relation between vitamin D and malignant melanoma. The vitamin D deficiency, accurate biochemical indicator of the vitamin D status in the body, could be implicated in promoting metastasis of the malignant melanoma by activation of the cellular proliferation, stimulation of the neutrophils chemotaxis and promoting angiogenesis. Identification of therapeutic strategies to normalise serum levels of the 25-OH vitamin D3 could represent useful tools in preventing melanoma metastasis.
Aortic ring abscess
Authors:   Facultatea de Medicină Generală, Universitatea de Medicină şi Farmacie „Carol Davila“, Bucureşti, Iordache Elena Lelia , Avram Anamaria ,   Facultatea de Medicină Generală, Universitatea de Medicină şi Farmacie „Carol Davila“, Bucureşti, Sinescu Crina Julieta ,   Facultatea de Medicină Generală, Universitatea de Medicină şi Farmacie „Carol Davila“, Bucureşti
Published: September 2021

Introduction. Cardiac abscess is a severe complication of aortic valve endocarditis. The aortic valve ring is more commonly affected than mitral valve ring. Materials and methods. We report the case of a patient admitted to the cardiology clinic, evaluated, diagnosed and later transferred to the Infectious Disease Clinic for treatment. Results. We present the case of a patient of 72 years old, hospitalized in the cardiology clinic with symptoms and signs of heart failure. After clinical and laboratory data, it was diagnosed infective endocarditis on bicuspid aortic valve and abscess aortic ring evacuated. The patient was transferred to the infectious diseases clinic for antibiotic treatment. Conclusions. It is a complex case with multidisciplinary approach, and aortic ring abscess is a poor prognostic factor.
Helicobacter pylori in children – actual data
Authors:   Disciplina Pediatrie, Universitatea de Medicină şi Farmacie „Gr. T. Popa“, Iaşi, Ignat Ancuţa , Burlea Marin ,   Disciplina Pediatrie, Universitatea de Medicină şi Farmacie „Gr. T. Popa“, Iaşi, Lupu Vasile Valeriu ,   Disciplina Pediatrie, Universitatea de Medicină şi Farmacie „Gr. T. Popa“, Iaşi, Ciubară Anamaria ,   Disciplina Psihiatrie, Universitatea de Medicină şi Farmacie „Gr. T. Popa“, Iaşi, Florea Ioana ,   Disciplina Pediatrie, Universitatea de Medicină şi Farmacie „Gr. T. Popa“, Iaşi, Păduraru Gabriela ,   Disciplina Pediatrie, Universitatea de Medicină şi Farmacie „Gr. T. Popa“, Iaşi
Published: September 2021

Helicobacter pylori (HP) infection is a very important pathogenic link in children with gastroduodenal pathologies. The bacterial implication, in the pathogeny of the digestive diseases and in the development of some extradigestive diseases, is very well known nowadays. The prevalence of the infection differs between geografic areas, it is declining in the developed countries and it is high in the population of the countries in development. It is a fact that there are bacteria which affect specifically an organ, but in the same time, can lead to systemic alterations throughout the entire body. The chronic infection with H. Pylori is associated with anaemia, weight and height loss. The increase of the quality and accuracy inidentifying the H. Pylori infection leads to a low rate of complications of the infection by applying the correct and early treatment.
Analysis on the antimicrobial activity of some lactic acid bacteria strains
Authors:   Departamentul de Genetică, Facultatea de Biologie, Universitatea din Bucureşti, Sârbu Ionela , Vassu Tatiana ,   Departamentul de Genetică, Facultatea de Biologie, Universitatea din Bucureşti, Stoica Ileana ,   Departamentul de Genetică, Facultatea de Biologie, Universitatea din Bucureşti, Chifiriuc Carmen ,   Departamentul de Genetică, Facultatea de Biologie, Universitatea din Bucureşti, Bucur Marcela ,   Departamentul de Genetică, Facultatea de Biologie, Universitatea din Bucureşti, Rusu Elena ,   Universitatea „Titu Maiorescu“, Bucureşti, Ionescu Robertina ,   Departamentul de Genetică, Facultatea de Biologie, Universitatea din Bucureşti, Pelinescu Diana ,   Departamentul de Genetică, Facultatea de Biologie, Universitatea din Bucureşti
Published: September 2021

Objective. The main objective of this study was to select lactic acid bacteria strains with antimicrobial activity and to identify and characterize the antimicrobial compounds. Methods. In this study we tested the antimicrobial activity of 153 lactic bacteria strains by disk diffusion method against 6 microbial pathogenic strains isolated from patients with urinary and vaginal infections. Results. Antimicrobial test results revealed that most of lactic acid bacteria strains exhibited high antimicrobial activity against pathogenic microorganisms. For most of lactic bacteria strains antimicrobial activity has been correlated with the production of organic acids and only for two strains with the biosynthesis of bacteriocins. Bacteriocin produced by Lactococcus (Lc.) lactis F2a strain presented a broad spectrum of activity and high activity (51,200 AU/ml) compared with bacteriocins isolated from Lactobacillus (Lb.) paracasei ssp. paracasei JR strain (400 AU/ml). The stability tests of bacteriocin revealed that the bacteriocin produced by Lc. lactis F2a strain, it is stable at acid pH while exposure for long time to 600C causes a drastic decrease in bacteriocin activity. Conclusions. Lactic bacteria strains showed a high antimicrobial activity against both prokaryotic and eukaryotic pathogen strains. Two bacterial strains have bacteriocins. Bacteriocins isolated from Lc. lactis F2a strain showed a high activity and a broad spectrum of action.
Acute viral hepatitis prevalence in the last five years at „Sf. Cuv. Parascheva“ Infectious Diseases Clinical Hospital, Galati
Authors:   Spitalul Clinic de Boli Infecţioase „Sf. Cuv. Parascheva“, Galaţi, Drăgănescu Miruna ,   Universitatea „Dunărea de Jos“, Galaţi, Iancu Alina ,   Spitalul Clinic de Boli Infecţioase „Sf. Cuv. Parascheva“, Galaţi,   Universitatea „Dunărea de Jos“, Galaţi
Published: September 2021

Introduction. Acute viral hepatitis is a major pathology under national and international surveillance due to both lethal or chronic evolution. Objectives. To evaluate the prevalence of acute viral hepatitis in the last five years in Galati. Methods. Retrospective study based on patients dossiers addmited for acute viral hepatitis between 01.01.2010-31.12.2014 in Infectious Diseases Clinical Hospital from Galati. Results. The decreasing prevalence of acute hepatitis of 1.7 times was based on reduction of acute hepatitis B cases; the year 2013 has shown an epidemic increase of acute hepatitis A cases, similar to the national data. Acute hepatitis C had the same prevalence over the years. For 1/3 of cases no A, B, C etiology was found. Correlation (p < 0.0001) between etiology and patients age was found. Acute hepatitis B has shown the most severe cases due to jaundice and citolysis intensity. No differences between gender was found but the illness was more frequent in urban area. Conclusions. Our study has shown the decreasing hepatitis B prevalence while hepatitis C had the similar prevalence, as the national trends.
Seborrheic dermatitis prevalence in HIV patients
Authors:   Clinica II Dermatologie, Spitalul Clinic Colentina, Bucureşti, România, Răducan Anca , Constantin Magdalena ,   Clinica II Dermatologie, Spitalul Clinic Colentina, Bucureşti, România,   Universitatea de Medicină şi Farmacie „Carol Davila“, Bucureşti, România, Dumitru Irina Magdalena ,   Facultatea de Medicină Generală a Universităţii „Ovidius“, Constanţa, România,   Spitalul Clinic de Boli Infecţioase, Constanţa, România, Hangan Aurelia ,   Spitalul Clinic de Boli Infecţioase, Constanţa, România, Rugină Sorin ,   Facultatea de Medicină Generală a Universităţii „Ovidius“, Constanţa, România,   Spitalul Clinic de Boli Infecţioase, Constanţa, România
Published: September 2021

Objective. Highlighting seborrheic dermatitis prevalence in HIV patients and evaluating clinico-therapeutical correlations. Material and methods. Between 1.10.2011 – 31.12.2014 we performed a prospective study on a group of 121 HIV-positive patients hospitalized in the HIV Adults Department in the Infectious Diseases Hospital, Constanta, to determine the prevalence, clinical particularities and treatment response of seborrheic dermatitis in HIV + patients. Results. Seborrheic dermatitis has been reported in 33.05% of patients, predominantly male (M:F = 9:1), with peak incidence in the 20-30 age group. Lesions prevalence according to the site of seborrheic dermatitis was: face (15%), scalp (22.5%), face and scalp (45%), chest (12.5%). In terms of clinical severity, 27.5% patients had mild seborrheic dermatitis, while 62.5% had moderate seborrheic dermatitis, and 10% were diagnosed with the severe form. Therapeutic response was evaluated at day 7, 14 and after 8 weeks, assessing the decrease/disappearance of erythema and flaking, and pruritus improvement/remission. After 8 weeks of treatment, complete remission was reported in 70% patients. However, HIV+ patients with seborrheic dermatitis had between 2-5 episodes per year, relapses being reported at 4 to 12 weeks after discontinuation of treatment, mean 7 weeks. Conclusions. The present study indicates a moderate prevalence of seborrheic dermatitis in hospitalized HIV+ patients. Although clinical manifestations do not differ from those of seborrheic dermatitis in seronegative patients, the clinical course of disease reveals the extensive character of seborrheic dermatitis in HIV+ patients with more severe lesions, refractory to treatment, and frequent recurrences, even in patients receiving prolonged treatment.
THE EFFECT OF CHRONIC VIRAL HEPATITIS B AND C ON BONE MINERAL DENSITY
Authors:   “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania, Barbu Ecaterina-Constanta ,   “Dr. I. Cantacuzino” Clinical Hospital, Bucharest, Romania, Chitu-Tisu Cristina-Emilia ,   “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania,   “Dr. I. Cantacuzino” Clinical Hospital, Bucharest, Romania, Lazar Mihai ,   “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania,   “Prof. Dr. Matei Bals” National Institute for Infectious Diseases, Bucharest, Romania, Popescu Ramona Stefania ,   “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania,   “Prof. Dr. Matei Bals” National Institute for Infectious Diseases, Bucharest, Romania, Abagiu Adrian Octavian ,   “Prof. Dr. Matei Bals” National Institute for Infectious Diseases, Bucharest, Romania, Ion Daniela Adriana ,   “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania, Badarau Ioana Anca ,   “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania
Published: September 2021

Objectives. Chronic viral hepatitis B and C represent an important health burden all over the world. Reduced bone mineral density is an extrahepatic complication which has been found in patients with chronic liver disease. The aim of our study was to identify bone mineral impairment (osteopenia/osteoporosis) and the risk factors that are correlated with its severity, in patients with chronic viral hepatitis B (CHB) and C (CHC). Material and methods. Anthropometric, biological parameters and bone mineral density (BMD) were measured in 60 patients with CHB (n = 30) and CHC (n = 30). BMD was assessed using Dual Energy X-ray Absorptiometry (DEXA) in the hip and lumbar spine regions, inclusively a whole scan (total body). Results. Sixty patients (mean age 44.93 years, range: 20-70) were enrolled, including 30 CHB patients (mean age 46.43 years, range: 20-70) and 30 CHC patients (mean age 43.43 years, range: 28-64). Forty of patients were men (66.66 %). Active smokers were 16 patients (26.66 %). Meanbody mass index (BMI) was 25.38 kg/m2 (range: 16.70-38.40). At baseline, 21 of 60 (35%) of the patients had evidence of osteopenia and 4 of 60 (6.66%) of patients, respectively presented osteoporosis at LS. At total hip, 22 of 60 of the patients (36.66%) recorded osteopenia; osteoporosis was found at 7 patients (11.66%) at total hip assessment. Low BMD values at different regions correlated significantly with low BMI, smoking and liver fibrosis grade. Conclusions. Our results suggest that bone mineral metabolism disorders exist in patients with chronic viral hepatitis B and C who are active smokers, presenting low BMI and advanced liver fibrosis, even without liver cirrhosis.
Considerations over a cytomegalovirus induced hepatitis in an infant with prolonged jaundice
Authors:   Disciplina Pediatrie, Universitatea de Medicină şi Farmacie „Gr. T. Popa“, Iaşi, Lupu Valeriu V. , Mucenica Irina Manuela ,   Disciplina Pediatrie, Universitatea de Medicină şi Farmacie „Gr. T. Popa“, Iaşi, Păduraru Gabriela ,   Disciplina Pediatrie, Universitatea de Medicină şi Farmacie „Gr. T. Popa“, Iaşi, Ignat Ancuţa ,   Disciplina Pediatrie, Universitatea de Medicină şi Farmacie „Gr. T. Popa“, Iaşi, Druică Andrada ,   Disciplina Pediatrie, Universitatea de Medicină şi Farmacie „Gr. T. Popa“, Iaşi, Marin Angelica Cristina ,   Disciplina Pediatrie, Universitatea de Medicină şi Farmacie „Gr. T. Popa“, Iaşi, Burlea Marin ,   Disciplina Pediatrie, Universitatea de Medicină şi Farmacie „Gr. T. Popa“, Iaşi
Published: September 2021

Human cytomegalovirus (CMV) is a herpesvirus, a member of the beta-herpesvirus subfamily. Infection with CMV represents a major cause of congenital infection, and also a cause of perinatal infection. We present the case of a 3 months-old sugar with breast milk jaundice and hepatic cytolysis, in our evidence from one month. At the age of 6 weeks, at the second evaluation, the laboratory tests showed a mild increase of lymphocytes and monocytes, minimum hepatic cytolysis and positive CMV immunoglobulin M (IgM) assays. Our decision was to follow up the case, without antiviral therapy, because the acute CMV infection was asymptomatic. Therefore, the hepatic cytolysis may precede the presence of CMV in blood, because the immune mediated response to CMV involve specific antibodies type IgM few weeks after the moment of infection.
Sources of Work Stress of English Language Teachers in Secondary Government Schools in Saudi Arabia
Authors: Khasawneh Mohamad Ahmad Saleem
Published: September 2021

The study aimed to reveal the level of work stress among secondary school English language teachers in government schools affiliated with the education directorates in Abha, Saudi Arabia, and knowing the impact of both gender, and experience on their estimates. The study population consisted of (105) male and female teachers. A questionnaire was prepared to measure the level of work stress among teachers, and it consisted of (31) items. The results showed that the work pressures facing secondary school English language teachers were at a high level on the dimensions as a whole. The results also showed that there were no statistically significant differences due to the variable of gender and teaching experience.