bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Hybrid Ant Colony Optimisation-Random Forest Regression-Based Optimised Framework of An Intelligent Active Distribution Network
Authors: Abdalla Ahmad N. , Tao Hai , Shahzad Nazir Muhammad , Ju Yongfeng , Bin Ishak Ruhaizas
Published: May 2023

Measurement and model uncertainties in power grids lead to the unpredictability of its power output, which brings great challenges to the safe and sustainable system operation. Furthermore, optimal placement strategies of measurement devices and new energy sources have a great impact to maintain the system operation. This study introduces and constructed an active distribution network (ADN) including an energy storage system (ESS) and is optimized by using a hybrid Ant Colony Optimization-Random Forest Regression (HACORFR). Briefly introduces the operation and combined system modelled of the ESS-RDS (ERDS). Then the HACORFR algorithm optimizes the operation status of the RDS and detects the abnormality distribution network. After applying the proposed approach, if the operation indicators of the distribution network, don’t return to normal operation, the network topology will further reconstruct and optimize the ERDS. The IEEE-28 bus power distribution testing system was used to validate the proposed method. Finally, the results show that the proposed optimization method reduces the loss of the distribution network by 2.34%, and the voltage profile improved by 2.94%. The present method makes full use of the flexible load and realizes the interaction between supply and demand. It also greatly improves the reliability of the distribution network operation and economy.
Modeling and fuzzy control of flexible manipulator link with moving end effector
Authors: Othman Tahseen Taha , Hussein Fahmi Saeed
Published: May 2023

In this paper, a flexible robotic arm system was designed and constructed based on the aspect ratio of flexible arms. The mathematical modeling was derived using finite element method. In addition, necessary information about the dynamic behavior of the suggested system was collected and used to design controllers based on knowledge of fuzzy logic theory. The purpose of building the flexible robotic arm was to perform different movements while ensure the accuracy of the derived mathematical dynamic model. This was achieved by comparing the experimental responses with theoretical ones where both systems were controlled through control strategies designed on the basis of fuzzy logics. The resulted control system is a 2-input, 1-output system. Different fuzzy controllers were suggested in addition to the non-conventional fuzzy control method (Fuzzy Control). This includes traditional-fuzzy control method with PID as well as PD controllers.

The results showed that the error ratio between theoretical and practical responses does not exceed 16% in Fuzzy Control method and 11% in the PD-Fuzzy Control and 9% in the PID-Fuzzy Control method. This mismatch is due to the nonlinearities and friction effects between the different mechanical parts that have not be considered. In addition, the overshoot percentage also does not exceed 7% in the first and second methods and 8% in the third method. All outcomes are scientifically discussed and analyzed to obtain the best approach to design a high performance flexible robotic arm system.
Research on automatic charging method based on quadruped robot
Authors: song LiuQing , Ali Mokhtarzadeh Amir
Published: May 2023

The problem of automatic charging of quadruped robots has been studied for a long time, but in the docking process, the success rate of robot docking is low. This paper proposes a kind of module based on the infrared tube module, laser ranging sensor group module, wireless communication module, charging station control unit module, and the automatic charging module, which includes two-dimensional code, voltage sensor group module, servo motor module, robot control unit module, serial communication module, and AI vision camera module. The docking method of combining the automatic charging robot, which mainly consists of the laser ranging sensor module, the infrared tube module, and the AI vision camera module, after three times of charging platform angle adjustments to complete the plugin and charge accurate docking, the automatic charging can effectively solve the existing charging process of quadruped robot docking with a low success rate.
Effect of Metallic Coating Thickness on Stainless Steel and Carbon Steel Welded Plate Using Eddy Current Testing
Authors: Ali Kharudin , Mohamad Ahmad Joraiimee , Othman Ahmad Anwar Zikri , Rifai Damhuji , Salleh Zulfikri , SiawPaw Johnny Koh , Yaw Chong Tak , Tan Jian Ding
Published: May 2023

Over the last few decades, steel has seen a sharp increase in utilisation. Non-destructive testing (NDT) methods still face difficulties when attempting to identify corrosion behind coatings. One of these difficulties is the lift-off that complex structures bring. Because of the structure’s obstruction, corrosion goes undetected and can cause catastrophic breakdown. Additionally, lift-off effects lessen the sensitivity. On this paper the effect of coating thickness was measure by using metallic coating at carbon steel and stainless steel plates. The effect of coating thickness being identify based on measurement changes with different layer of coating thickness. From here the absolute and differential probe were used in measuring the lift-off because of coating thickness and the defect value. According on the result show that the Length of the crack at Toe, Root and Heat Affected Zone (HAZ) will reduce from 2.6% until 38.5% for carbon steel and 2.6% until 48.7% for stainless steel when the thickness of coating was increased. It different with Datum measurement where on carbon steel it increases from 0% until 11.5% and stainless steel 0.7% until 6%. Lastly the effect of coating thickness more effecting on defect measurement either carbon steel or stainless steel and artificial intelligent should be apply on each measurement for finding the right data getting in measurement as recommended.
Development of a radiation detector using a silicon photomultiplier and large Ce-doped Gd-Al-Ga-grant scintillator for gamma spectroscopy observations of radioactivation in a linear accelerator
Authors: Park Beomjun , Park Byungdo , Kim Jeongho
Published: May 2023

In this study, a radiation detector based on a silicon
photomultiplier (SiPM) and large Ce-doped Gd-Al-Ga-grant (Ce:GAGG)
scintillator was developed for the gamma spectroscopy observations
of radioactivation from linear accelerators (LINACs). The
calibration of the detector demonstrated a high energy resolution of
15.89% at 122 keV (gamma-ray emission energy of Co-57), 7.04% at
356 keV (gamma-ray emission energy of 133Ba), 6.17% at
511 keV (gamma-ray emission energy of Na-22), and 5.39% at
662 keV (gamma-ray emission energy of Cs-137). These results
indicate that the detector employing a larger Ce:GAGG scintillator
provides a higher detection efficiency while maintaining superior
energy resolution compared to conventional radiation detectors that
use smaller Ce:GAGG scintillators. Furthermore, the energy spectrum
measurement of the LINAC revealed detection of neutron and gamma
peaks of W-187 and Mn-56, as well as annihilation peaks. Although
the energy resolution of the detector was inferior compared to an
HPGe detector, it was able to measure similar energy
peaks. Therefore, the radiation detector developed in this study,
which is characterized by its low cost, decent energy resolution,
and high detection efficiency, may be useful for obtaining radiation
measurements during the disposal of LINACs.
Productivity and Agronomic Efficiency of Inundation Tolerance Rice in the Swampland: A Review
Authors: Yustisia  , Raharjo Budi , Suparwoto  , Khairullah Izhar , Riyanto Damasus
Published: May 2023

Swampland is one of the potential agroecosystems of rice production in Indonesia, but it is classified as marginal in terms of unpredictable inundation, primarily due to global climate change impact. Submergence-resistant variety’s high-yielding and efficient input are one of the efforts to overcome these constraints. The review aims to explore information on the availability and potentiality of immersion-resistant varieties, the efficiency of cultivation technology, and the availability and potentiality of local rice as a source of genes in creating immersion-resistant varieties. The review method is a reference study of different research results. The review results show that five varieties of swampland rice are mainly assembled to withstand immersion in all vegetative phases, namely for six days (Inpara 3) and fourteen days (Inpara 4-5, Inpari 29-30). Based on the Relative Agronomic Efficiency (RAE) parameter, cultivation technology is available. However, information on the research results and its implementation on these five varieties and other high-yielding rice varieties in the swampland is still limited. Sixteen local accessions of inundation tolerance have been identified. Further research is needed on different varieties of immersion resistance, RAE parameters-based cultivation technology, and new immersion-resistant varieties using available local varietal gene donors. This way the availability of effective technology and its dissemination efforts will have the opportunity to be adopted by the stakeholders, thus increasing their productivity and income.
Liquid Organic Fertilizer (LOF) as a Substitute for Nitrogen Fertilizer in Rice on Acid Soils
Authors: Fauziah L , Setyorini D , Saraswati D P , Krismawati A , Baswarsiati  , Arifin Z , Sugiono  , Istiqomah N
Published: May 2023

The application of liquid organic fertilizer (LOF) enriched with micronutrients to plants growing on acidic soils was very effective in meeting nutritional needs. The purpose of this study was to obtain a dose of LOF that can increase yields on acidic soils. The study was conducted in Malang, from October 2018 - February 2019, the study used a randomized block design with 9 treatments. LOF has a very noticeable influence on the growth and yield of rice plants because it was suspected that the nutrients applied through the leaves more effective. The addition of LOF 18 ml. l−1 at a dose of 100% urea, dry grain reached 7.6 t.ha−1, it yield was higher than the treatment of 100% urea without LOF which was 6.75 t/ha. RAE calculations show that the D treatment produced a RAE value that reached 143%, while the second highest RAE value was the H treatment which has a RAE value = 122%. The analysis of farming business in treatment D reached a total profit of Rp. 21.847.000 and the second largest profit was in treatment H with a profit of Rp. 20.313.400. Adding LOF of as much as 18 ml.l−1 have substituted urea till 50%.
Efforts to increase asiaticoside content of Centella asiatica in Inceptisol Ngipiksari, Yogyakarta
Authors: Suprihatin Agus , Eliza Yeni , Ratmini Niluh Putu Sri , Raharjo Budi , Purwanto Benito Heru , Syukur Abdul
Published: May 2023

Asiaticoside is an active constituent for anti-leprosy, wound healing, increasing vitality, and memory in overcoming dementia. Centella asiatica contains asiaticoside, that is widely used as a medicinal simplicia. Inceptisol Ngipiksari is a type of soil on the southern slopes of Mount Merapi which rich in weathered minerals and nutrients K, Ca, Na and Mg which are necessary for the growth and continuity of Centella asiatica cultivation. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of SP-36 fertilizer dose and soil moisture conditions on the contents and production of asiaticoside. The experiment used a factorial Completely Randomized Block Design with 3 replications. The factors tested were the dose of SP-36 fertilizer (4 levels: 0, 75, 150 and 225 kg SP-36 ha−1), and soil moisture conditions (2 levels: 50% of field capacity conditions and field capacity conditions). The results showed that the soil CEC significantly positively correlated with asiaticoside contents. The number of leaves, secondary vines, tillers, fresh and dry shoots weight, fresh and dry root weight, available P after fertilization, P absorption by plant, and asiaticoside contents were significantly positively correlated with the asiaticoside production with a moderate to very strong relationship. Watering at field capacity can increase asiaticoside production as 276.6%. The application of SP-36 fertilizer was able to increase asiaticoside contents as 39.1–101.6%. This shows that SP-36 fertilization can increase the asiaticoside content, and control of soil moisture at field capacity can increase the asiaticoside production of Centella asiatica as medicinal simplicia.
Potato growth, yield and quality affected by calcium and nitrogen (CaN) compound fertilizers on andisol soil type in Lembang
Authors: Rosliani Rini , Saadah Imas Rita , Musaddad Darkam , Khaririyatun Nur
Published: May 2023

The use of artificial chemical fertilizers that are very intensive and not in accordance with the availability of soil nutrients, has a negative impact on decreasing agricultural soil fertility and vegetable productivity. The aim of this experiment was to obtain an effective and efficient dose of compound fertilizer (Ca and N) for potato plants in Andisol soil type, Lembang. The experiment was carried out at Margahayu Experimental Field of Indonesian Vegetable Research Institute (IVEGRI) (1250 m asl), from June to November 2021. A randomized block design was used with 8 treatments and 4 replications. The treatments consisted of without N fertilizer, standard N single fertilizer, and 6 doses of compound fertilizer (33% Ca and 17% N). The results showed that, in general, CaN compound fertilizers increase the growth of potato plants. The application of compound fertilizer at 75% of N standard (300 kg/ha of CaN fertilizer) was the most effective dose for fertilizing potato plants on Andisol soil type in Lembang. This dose can save the use of N by 25% with a Relative Agronomic Effectiveness (RAE) value of 140%. This study showed that the use of CaN compound fertilizers at a dose of 300 kg/ha can not only reduce fertilizer input into the soil, but also increase potato yields.
Selection of potato molecular markers of Granola L. variety
Authors: Saadah Imas Rita , Hartanto Shinta , Sahat Juniarti P. , Kirana Rinda
Published: May 2023

Granola L. is one of potato variety that is very popular in Indonesia and is currently difficult to replace by other varieties. One of the efforts to maintain the genetic purity of the Granola L. variety can be done through biotechnology technique using molecular markers. This research aimed to obtain molecular markers for the Granola L variety. The selection of molecular markers was carried out at the Molecular Biology Laboratory and screenhouse of Indonesian Vegetable Research Institute (IVEGRI) from March to October 2020. The treatments consisted of DNA of Granola L variety from Source Seed Management Unit (UPBS) - IVEGRI, 8 DNA genotypes/germplasm collections which were assumed to be Granola or has a Granola background (Granola BPBK, GM-05, G2, G8, G-771, G-772, GC21, Papita), and 2 DNA genotypes that do not have Granola background (non-Granola) namely Spudi and Amabil varieties. The molecular markers used in this study were 17 SSR primers (Simple Sequence Repeats) from Indonesian Agricultural Genome Center. The results showed that 11 primers were monomorphic and 6 primers were polymorphic. These polymorphic primers still cannot specifically distinguish between Granola L. and non-Granola L. varieties. There is one primer that can distinguish Granola and non-Granola in terms of the band size formed. Further research is needed to find molecular markers that can distinguish Granola L from varieties/genotypes/germplasm collections that are assumed to be Granola L. or having the Granola L. genetic background.
Effects of nanobiosilica from rice husk ash application on rice growth, productivity, and milling quality
Authors: Hoerudin  , Yuliani S , Setyawan N , Sipahutar I A , Septiyana  , Zarwazi L M , Hasmi I , Suismono
Published: May 2023

Application of different forms of silicon sources may influence rice production and quality. It is believed that properties of nanosized particles may differ significantly from those of the original bulk material. This study aimed to investigate effects of application of silica nanoparticles extracted from rice husk ash, called nanobiosilica (NBS), on the rice growth, productivity, and milling quality as compared to those of rice husk ash (RHA), sodium silicate solution (SDS), and two control treatments. NBS was produced by the sol-gel method. The five treatments were arranged on a randomized complete block design with four replicates. Application of NBS (20-50nm) and SDS significantly produced the highest stem strength, lodging tolerance, number of productive tillers, grain per-clump, and rice productivity (7.30-7.32t/ha). NBS produced better yield performances than RHA, the initial bulk material. The treatments did not influence brown rice and milled rice yield. However, the highest percentage of head rice was observed following NBS and RHA treatments. The results suggested that production of NBS from RH and its application to paddy field could be a viable strategy for supporting sustainable rice production, producing better quality of milled rice, increasing benefit of rice processors/farmers, and reducing environmental issues of underutilized rice husk.
Selection of Rice Promising Lines Having Ciherang’s Idiotype for Improved Resistance of Main Pest and Diseases
Authors: Sitaresmi T , Safitri H , Nafisah  , Susanto U , Hairmansis A , Gunarsih C , Rahmini  , Roza C , Nugraha Y
Published: May 2023

Ciherang is the most extensively planted rice variety in the Indonesia. Ciherang was released as a rice variety in 2000 and successfully replaced IR 64 as the most dominant variety. The wide adoption of Ciherang is because of its acceptable to farmers’ preferences including high yield, resistance to major diseases and good grain quality. Recently, Ciherang become vulnerable to pest and diseases and get low yield due to more occurrence the abiotic stress. The Rice breeding program to develop the Ciherang reborn has been conducted in Indonesian Center for Rice Research. The research aimed to select lines based on yield, morphological performance, and resistant to main pest and diseases for next evaluation of a multilocation yield trial for releasing variety. The materials used were 56 rice genotypes that evaluated yield, agronomic characters, and evaluated to brown planthopper and bacterial left blight. Ten promising lines was selected, derivative from Ciherang or similar ideotype with Ciherang, high yielding, more resistant to main pest and diseases than Ciherang. These promising lines was evaluated in multilocation yield trials for releasing variety.
Mycotoxins Detection and Pathogenicity of Fusarium spp. Pathogen of Rice Sheath Rot Disease
Authors: Pramunadipta S , Widiastuti A , Wibowo A , Priyatmojo A
Published: May 2023

Sheath rot disease is one of the critical problems limiting rice production. Fusarium spp. is one of the pathogens that cause sheath rot disease and produce various mycotoxins. The study of mycotoxins detection using specific primers and their association to pathogenicity is important in order to comprehend the types of mycotoxins that may occur in this disease. The objectives of this study are to investigate potential pathogen-related mycotoxins and their relation to pathogenicity. This study included a total of 44 Fusarium spp. isolates from 11 species with five primer pairs of mycotoxins biosynthesis encoding gene. The pathogenicity test was conducted on Ciherang rice variety aged eight-weeks after transplanting. Trichodiene synthase encoding gene only amplified on certain Fusarium bubalinum isolates, while fumonisin biosynthesis encoding gene only amplified on certain F. proliferatum isolates. Beauvericin biosynthesis encoding gene was amplified on F. fujikuroi, F. grosmichelii, F. tanahbumbuense, certain isolates of F. proliferatum, and certain isolates of F. pseudocircinatum. The F. hainanense, F. sulawesiense, F. andiyazi, F. sacchari, several isolates of F. proliferatum, several isolates of F. pseudocircinatum and a species within the F. solani species complex were not amplified on all primer tested. The pathogenicity test results showed that the isolates detected for mycotoxins had no relation with the severity of the disease, the necrosis area in the leaf sheath and the AUDPC. Nonetheless, because mycotoxins have an influence on human health, the findings of this study can be used to enhance pathogen control in order to increase food security in sustainable agriculture.
Seedling protection and barrier crops in chili pepper to reduce whitefly denseness and prevalence of pepper yellow leaf curl virus
Authors: Udiarto B K , Setiawati W , Muharam A , Dadi
Published: May 2023

Yellow leaf curl disease caused by pepper yellow leaf curl virus (PepYLCV) and transmitted by the whitefly (Bemisia tabaci), becomes the main problem in major horticultural crops, including chili pepper. The control of the insect vector is crucial to overwhelm the diseases. The experiment was designed to verify the efficacy of integrated vector and virus control focused on barrier crops and healthy seedling techniques on chili pepper to reduce whitefly crowdedness, the prevalence of the virus, and crop yield. This experiment used a randomized block design. The treatments were two kinds of seedlings, with and without seedling cover, combined with four kinds of borders i.e., maize, Sunn–hemp, screen (chiffon), and control (non-border). The result indicated that the use of protected seedlings was able to defend against the attack of B. tabaci and delay virus infection for about 2 weeks. The use of protected seedlings together with barrier crops (maize and sunn-hemp) reduced the number of pests, and PepYLCV damage up to 49.94 – 50.80%, and gave the highest yields. The positive correlation (r) between the population of B. tabaci and disease incidence was 0.925, whereas the correlation between disease incidence and yield crop was negative (r = -0.8886). These results will provide an advance of more valuable and practical methods for safeguarding chili pepper production.
Sensitivity Test of Nilaparvata lugens Stall to Pymetrozine Insecticide
Authors: Murtiati S , Tarwotjo U , Rahadian R , Hadi M , Praptana R H , Harwanto
Published: May 2023

Brown planthopper (BPH) Nilaparvata lugens Stall is a major pest of rice that often causes outbreaks in several rice production centers in Indonesia. The use of insecticides is still the choice of farmers to control attacks due to weak mitigation efforts in an area. Continuous use of insecticides can increase the resistance and resurgence of BPH. The purpose of this study was to determine the level of sensitivity of the BPH population to the pimetrozine insecticide. The research was conducted at Assesment and Research Instalation of Agricultural Technology Ungaran, Assesment Institute of Agricultural Technology Central Java, Semarang Regency, Central Java, Indonesia from October 2019 to June 2020. The BPH population was collected from five regions, namely Jaten and Bolong Districts, Sukoharo District, and Bendosari, Mojolaban and Pulokarto Districts, Karanganyar District. The method of sensitivity test of BPH to insecticides was carried out according to the IRAC method number 005. Observations were made on the percentage of BPH mortality. The data was processed using Probit analysis to determine the LC50 value. The LC50 value was used to determine the resistance factor (RF). The results showed that the population of BPH Bolong Karanganyar was the most sensitive to the insecticide pymetrozine with an LC50 value of 13.44 ppm. The populations of BPH Jaten, Bolong, Bendosari, Mojolaban and Pulokarto were not resistant to pymetrozine insecticide due to the level of RF was ≤4. The population of BPH Pulokarto Sukoharjo with an RF value of 2.47 has the potential to become more resistant to the insecticide pymetrozine. It is necessary to periodically monitor the resistance of BPH to pymetrozine insecticides in the Karanganyar and Sukoharjo areas to prevent further resistance development.
Enhancing the maize growth and production by applying the phosphorus and potassium nutrients in inceptisol of Langkat Regency
Authors: Chairuman N , Batubara S F , Aryati V , Siagian D R
Published: May 2023

Inceptisol is one of the soil types covering the Langkat Regency. Unfortunately, the soil has low chemical fertility and is characterized by a small part of macronutrients. To support the maize growth in inceptisol, nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium are the primary required nutrients. Hence, applying inorganic fertilizer is one of the strategies to solve this issue. This study was conducted at Sei Bingai District, Langkat Regency, from July to November 2021. This study aims to analyze the effect of phosphorus and potassium on the maize growth and production of inceptisol. This study was arranged by Non-Factorial Randomize Complete Block Design with seven treatments and four replications. These treatments are consist of: PK 0 (control), PK 1 (standard fertilization), PK 2 (50 % PK plus dose + 75 % standard fertilization), PK 3 (100 % PK plus dose + 75 % standard fertilization), PK 4 (150 % PK plus dose + 75% standard fertilization), PK 5 (100 % PK plus dose + 50 % standard fertilization), PK 6 (150 % PK plus dose + 50 % standard fertilization). The results show that the PK 5 and PK 6 treatments contribute to the highest maize production by 9.300 kg/ha and the highest Relative Agronomy Effectiveness (RAE) value, 147 %. Fertilization dose of 10 kg ha−1 PK Plus + 50 % standard fertilization is recommended for corn cultivation and is very economically feasible.
Determining Balanced Mixture Ratio of Palm Bagasse Compost to Improve Growth and Yield of Soybean
Authors: Sarjiyah  , Aini L N , Mulyono
Published: May 2023

Soybean productivity in Indonesia was greatly affected by low soil fertility due to the excessive use of chemical fertilizers. Applying organic fertilizer or compost such as palm bagasse could be a potential source of organic matter to improve soil fertility and crop productivity. An effective compost should be rich in fiber and high C/N ratio. Therefore, compost is recommended to be mixed with other low C/N ratio materials to accelerate the composting and increase N content. This study was aimed to determine the mixture ratio of palm bagasse compost (PBC) with other materials, such as Azolla, Gliricidia leaves, tofu dreg waste. This study was conducted in Completely Randomized Block Design with two factors. The first factor was type of mixing ingredients such as Azolla, Gliricidia leaves, tofu dreg waste. The second factor was the dose (%) of PBC in combination with Urea (%), namely 0, 25, 50, 75, 100%. Each treatment was repeated in blocks. Results showed that the mixture of PBC with all organic N sources was promising to substitute Urea. Moreover, application of 100% PBC exhibited the highest soybean yield, suggesting that PBC could provide sufficient nutrients for soybean growth. This present study emphasized the potential of soybean production optimization with low dependence on chemical fertilizers, thus highlighting the potency of more sustainable soybean cultivation using organic fertilizer.
Production Process Technology and Physic-Chemical Characterization of Beneng Taro Flour
Authors: Herawati H , Haliza W , Rahmadhani M , Eris F R , Widowati S
Published: May 2023

Beneng Taro (Xanthosoma undipes) is one of the taro that grows in a specific location developed in the Banten Province, Indonesia. Taro has the main component in the form of flour and starch are widely used. However for further use, there are components that cause itching in the form of oxalate levels that must be lowered. Several process technologies can be utilized to optimize thecharacteristics of taro flour, making it feasible to be used as raw main based material for furtherfood processing. The purpose of this research activity to carry out the production process along with physical characterization and oxalate content of taro beneng flour. The research method consisted of a variation of the immersion treatment and the drying process. The results obtained were then analyzed for yield, color, whiteness, moisture content and oxalate content of the resulted flour. Based on the results of the analysis, it can be seen that immersion using NaCl, sodium metabisulfite and citric acid can reduce the oxalate content. In the variation of the combination of 0.5% citric acid addition in immersion with sun drying method is effective treatment. While the combination of 0.1% citric acid is effective in the oven drying method. The results ofthis production process can be further developed in the field in a larger capacity.
Green grass jelly edible coating maintains shelf life of sapota fruit (Manilkara zapota)
Authors: Setiawan C K , Aini I Q , Widyastuti T , Djaafar T F , Prabasari I
Published: May 2023

Sapota is one of fruits with short period of shelf life. One of techniques to extend sapota’s shelf life is edible coating. Currently, hydrocolloid green grass jelly combining with sodium alginate was used and evaluated to determine its effect on the shelf life of sapota fruit. Coating was done using two different concentration of green grass jelly, 0.2% and 0.4% and no treatment as a control treatment. Coated sapota were stored at room temperature and evaluated every day, including weight loss, colour change, firmness, total acidity, total soluble solid, and reducing sugar. The result showed that 0.4% green grass jelly treatment significantly (p>0.05) inhibit fruit softness, colour change during storage and fruit decay compared to control treatment. The coating fruits delayed the increase in total soluble solid as compared to control fruits. At the end, edible coating treatments extended its shelf life by 2 days compare with the control. The result suggest that green grass jelly effectively maintains the quality of postharvest sapota fruits.
The dispute resolution of the authority of state institutions in Indonesia
Authors: Capella P R , Putra I S , Widiarty W S , Karlina Y , Hibar U , Laksana A
Published: May 2023

A dispute over authority between state institutions is a difference of opinion between two or more state institutions which is also accompanied by a dispute over the rights granted by law between state institutions regarding the authority they have. The purpose of this research is to find out which state institutions have the right to resolve disputes over the authority of state institutions in Indonesia, to find out what kind of decisions have been issued. This research method is normative law with statutory, case, and historical approaches. The data sources used are primary, secondary and tertiary. Data collection techniques by way of literature study, analysis of qualitative juridical data. The results of the research that are authorized to resolve disputes over the authority of state institutions are the Constitutional Court of the Republic of Indonesia, namely adjudicating at the first and final levels, the final decision is to decide on disputes over the authority of state institutions whose authority is granted by the Constitution. From 2003-2022, there were 28 cases of SKLN that were granted by the Indonesian Constitutional Court, only one, namely case no.3/SKLN-X/2012. between the KPU RI and the Papua DPRD and the Governor of Papua.
Tin Mining in Bangka Belitung Islands and Its Impact on the Reputation of Geographical Indication: A Policymakers Perspective
Authors: Darwance  , Haryadi Dwi , Sari Rafiqa , Anwar Muhammad Syaiful , Satrio Ndaru
Published: May 2023

The Bangka Belitung Islands are known as one of the best white pepper producing areas in the world which is normatively recognized as a geographical indication. One of the factors in the recognition of white pepper as a geographical indication is the environmental factor in this area which causes the taste to be distinctive and different from white pepper from other regions. On the other hand, tin mining is happening massively, one of which is turning pepper plantations into mining areas. This study uses empirical juridical methods, linking the consequences of tin mining to the reputation of white pepper as a geographical indication from the perspective of policy makers in the mining sector. The data used are primary data obtained from interviews as well as secondary data obtained from literature study data on a number of documents. From the results of the study conducted, it was found that most policy makers were of the opinion that uncontrolled tin mining had an effect on the reputation of white pepper, because many pepper plantations had turned into mining areas. Juridically, if this condition is allowed, it will threaten the reputation of white pepper as a geographical indication.
Study of the Problems of Efforts to Protect Geographical Indications in the Bangka Belitung Islands Pre-Sertification
Authors: Darwance  , Sari R , Anwar M S , Saputra D
Published: May 2023

Apart from Muntok White Pepper, until now there has been no geographical indication of being registered in the Bangka Belitung Islands. In fact, the potential for geographical indications in this area is very high. Several parties have tried to register potential geographic indications, but have not shown significant progress. This study aims to examine the problems in efforts to protect geographical indications in the Bangka Belitung Islands, to further seek ideal legal formulations so that these efforts can be resolved. Based on the analysis, this type of research is qualitative research. The data sources used in this study are primary data sources as well as secondary data sources. Data collection was carried out by conducting interviews and focus group discussions. Qualitative data analysis techniques. From the research conducted, it was concluded that the problems faced in efforts to register potential geographic indications include the factors of public knowledge that are not very familiar with the concept of geographical indications, relatively high costs, and minimal local government support.
Settlement of Customary Violation in the Coastal Part of Pelalawan Regency
Authors: Erdianto  , Putra S , Elmayanti
Published: May 2023

Customary law is the original Indonesian law, violations of customary law are seen as being able to cause turmoil in society. Therefore, the violators are given customary sanctions. This type of research is sociological juridical with emphasis on field research, this research is descriptive, because it intends to describe the reality under study clearly and systematically. The purpose of this study is to find out the forms of disputes and customary violations and how the process of resolving these disputes is in the customary law of the community in the coastal part of Pelalawan. Procedures for resolving the dispute, resolved by customary stakeholders (customary leaders and traditional leaders) assisted by the surrounding RT and RW, resolved at the traditional leader’s house or the perpetrator’s house if far away. Then a Deliberation is held to resolve the problems that occur to find a solution and determine the customary sanctions. If there is a customary fine, 60% is given to the injured party/victim and 40% to the village/tribe.
A method for alleviating the effect of pinhole defects from silicon nitride film in n-type rear-junction PERT silicon solar cells
Authors: Sharma Virender , Pal Yash , Dhasmana Hrishikesh , Verma Abhishek , Barman Bidyut , Sahu Rajkumar , Kumar Vivek , Jain V K
Published: May 2023

We investigated incorporation of a novel approach of phosphorous silicate glass layer thinning (PGT) process in the N-PERT process flow to minimise pinhole defects at the silicon nitride (Si3N4) surface. The thinning (PGT) process for optimum HF deposition time of 12 min resulted in excellent cell efficiency of ∼20.55% with pinhole free layer and high electrical yield (∼0% for I
Rev > 1.5 A). After optimising technology, stability is also explored with and without PGT process line, which confirms advantages of this approach. This significant reverse failure reduction due to the proposed PGT process can eventually help in improving overall cell performance of the N-PERT devices. This process can be a part of strategy for reducing process cost of solar cell in any industrial mass production line with improved yield (reduction in reverse failure from 6.6 to 1.5% for one month of mass production). Thus, the PGT process with negligible electrical rejection and high yield increases the possibility of high throughput in mass production line.
The Representation Theory of the Increasing Monoid
Authors: Snowden Andrew , Güntürkün Sema
Published: May 2023

We study the representation theory of the increasing monoid. Our results provide a fairly comprehensive picture of the representation category: for example, we describe the Grothendieck group (including the effective cone), classify injective objects, establish properties of injective and projective resolutions, construct a derived auto-duality, and so on. Our work is motivated by numerous connections of this theory to other areas, such as representation stability, commutative algebra, simplicial theory, and shuffle algebras.
Use of Community SARS-CoV-2 Case Counts and Instantaneous Reproductive Number to Predict Short-Term COVID-19 Hospital Admission Volumes
Authors: Oppenheim Michael I , Rada Juan , Saraya Abraham , Bock Kevin R , D’Angelo John , Farber Bruce
Published: May 2023

The severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS-CoV-2) pandemic and high hospitalization rates placed a tremendous strain on hospital resources, necessitating the use of models to predict hospital volumes and the associated resource requirements. Complex epidemiologic models have been developed and published, but many require continued adjustment of input parameters. We developed a simplified model for short-term bed need predictions that self-adjusts to changing patterns of disease in the community and admission rates. The model utilizes public health data on community new case counts for SARS-CoV-2 and projects anticipated hospitalization rates. The model was retrospectively evaluated after the second wave of SARS-CoV-2 in New York, New York (October 2020–April 2021) for its accuracy in predicting numbers of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) admissions 3, 5, 7, and 10 days into the future, comparing predicted admissions with actual admissions for each day at a large integrated health-care delivery network. The mean absolute percent error of the model was found to be low when evaluated across the entire health system, for a single region of the health system or for a single large hospital (6.1%–7.6% for 3-day predictions, 9.2%–10.4% for 5-day predictions, 12.4%–13.2% for 7-day predictions, and 17.1%–17.8% for 10-day predictions).
The Agavoideae: an emergent model clade for CAM evolutionary biology
Authors: Heyduk Karolina , McAssey Edward V , Field Richard , Leebens-Mack Jim
Published: May 2023

Crassulacean acid metabolism – or CAM photosynthesis – was described in the early to mid-20th century, and our understanding of this metabolic pathway was later expanded upon through detailed biochemical analyses of carbon balance. Soon after, scientists began to study the ecophysiological implications of CAM, and a large part of this early work was conducted in the genus Agave, in the subfamily Agavoideae of the family Asparagaceae. Today, the Agavoideae continues to be important for the study of CAM photosynthesis, from the ecophysiology of CAM species, to the evolution of the CAM phenotype and to the genomics underlying CAM traits. Here we review past and current work on CAM in the Agavoideae, in particular highlighting the work of Park Nobel in Agave, and focusing on the powerful comparative system the Agavoideae has become for studying the origins of CAM. We also highlight new genomics research and the potential for studying intraspecific variation within species of the Agavoideae, particularly species in the genus Yucca. The Agavoideae has served as an important model clade for CAM research for decades, and undoubtedly will continue to help push our understanding of CAM biology and evolution in the future.
Skin swabs in the skin lymphoma clinic: from swab to treatment
Authors: Peterknecht Elizabeth , Scarisbrick Julia
Published: May 2023

The skin microbiome in cutaneous T-cell lymphoma (CTCL) is a growing area of research. Previous studies have highlighted the possibility of microbial dysbiosis in chronic inflammation and malignant transformation in CTCL. This single, tertiary centre study highlights the importance of routine skin swab use in the management of patients with CTCL and suggests future research developments.
Development of a gene-targeting system using CRISPR/Cas9 and utilization of pyrG as a novel selectable marker in Lentinula edodes
Authors: Kamiya Ayane , Ueshima Hiroki , Nishida Shota , Honda Yoichi , Kamitsuji Hisatoshi , Sato Toshitsugu , Miyamoto Haruto , Sumita Takuya , Izumitsu Kosuke , Irie Toshikazu
Published: May 2023

First, we attempted to recombine the Shiitake (Lentinula edodes) pyrG (ura3) gene homologously by introducing a donor vector containing a carboxin resistance gene (lecbxR) flanked by homologous sequences of pyrG into protoplasts of the fungus. However, all the carboxin-resistant transformants only contained ectopic insertions of the exogenous gene and no homologous insertions. Agaricomycetes are generally known for their low efficiency of homologous recombination, and a similar result was shown for L. edodes. We then co-introduced a Cas9 plasmid vector containing a CRISPR/Cas9 expression cassette targeting pyrG and donor plasmid vector. As a result, ∆pyrG strains containing the expected homologous recombination were obtained. However, only two of the seven ∆pyrG strains had the Cas9 sequence; the others did not. Our results suggest that genome editing occurred via the transient expression of the CRISPR/Cas9 cassette in the Cas9 plasmid vector introduced into the fungal cell. Transforming pyrG into a ∆pyrG strain (strain I8) resulted in prototrophic strains with an efficiency of 6.5 strains/experiment.
A global federated real-world data and analytics platform for research
Authors: Palchuk Matvey B , London Jack W , Perez-Rey David , Drebert Zuzanna J , Winer-Jones Jessamine P , Thompson Courtney N , Esposito John , Claerhout Brecht
Published: May 2023

Objective

This article describes a scalable, performant, sustainable global network of electronic health record data for biomedical and clinical research.

Materials and Methods

TriNetX has created a technology platform characterized by a conservative security and governance model that facilitates collaboration and cooperation between industry participants, such as pharmaceutical companies and contract research organizations, and academic and community-based healthcare organizations (HCOs). HCOs participate on the network in return for access to a suite of analytics capabilities, large networks of de-identified data, and more sponsored trial opportunities. Industry participants provide the financial resources to support, expand, and improve the technology platform in return for access to network data, which provides increased efficiencies in clinical trial design and deployment.

Results

TriNetX is a growing global network, expanding from 55 HCOs and 7 countries in 2017 to over 220 HCOs and 30 countries in 2022. Over 19 000 sponsored clinical trial opportunities have been initiated through the TriNetX network. There have been over 350 peer-reviewed scientific publications based on the network’s data.

Conclusions

The continued growth of the TriNetX network and its yield of clinical trial collaborations and published studies indicates that this academic-industry structure is a safe, proven, sustainable path for building and maintaining research-centric data networks.
Cowpea extrafloral nectar has potential to provide ecosystem services lost in agricultural intensification and support native parasitoids that suppress the wheat stem sawfly
Authors: Cavallini Laissa , Peterson Robert K D , Weaver David K
Published: May 2023

The native parasitoids Bracon cephi (Gahan) and B. lissogaster Muesebeck (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) reduce populations of Cephus cinctus Norton (Hymenoptera: Cephidae), a native grassland species, and major wheat pest on the Northern Great Plains of North America. Non-host feeding adults of these braconids increase longevity, egg load, and egg volume when provisioned carbohydrate-rich diets. Nutrition from nectar can enhance the success of natural enemies in pest management programs. Cowpea, Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walpers, is a potential cover-crop that could add resilient features to the landscape and has extrafloral nectaries (EFN), easy-access nectar sources for beneficial insects. If more cowpea was grown on the Northern Great Plains, would B. cephi and B. lissogaster benefit from foraging on putatively beneficial EFN? We investigated cowpea inflorescence stalk extrafloral nectars (IS-EFN) and leaf stipel extrafloral nectars (LS-EFN) as potential food sources for these parasitoids. Females were caged on EFN sources on living cowpea plants to assess longevity. Egg load and volume were measured at 2, 5, and 10 days after placement. Bracon cephi survived 10 days on water, 38 days on IS-EFN; B. lissogaster 6 days on water, 28 days on IS-EFN. Bracon lissogaster maintained a constant egg load and volume across treatments while B. cephi produced 2.1-fold more eggs that were 1.6-fold larger on IS-EFN. Y-tube olfactometry indicated adult females were attracted to airstreams containing cowpea volatiles. These results demonstrate that non-native, warm-season cowpea benefits these native parasitoids and may improve conservation biocontrol of C. cinctus.
Limited Nominal Indexation of Optimal Financial Contracts
Authors: Meh Césaire A , Quadrini Vincenzo , Terajima Yaz
Published: May 2023

When financial contracts are not fully enforceable and firms observe their own nominal sales before the observation of the aggregate nominal price, the optimal financial contract is not fully indexed to inflation. Because of the limited nominal indexation, which is endogenous in the model, unanticipated inflation affects aggregate investment and future economic activity. The macroeconomic volatility induced by price uncertainty, however, is not monotone: It first increases and then decreases with nominal price uncertainty. We also show that the degree of nominal indexation declines with real idiosyncratic volatility and the impact of an inflation shock decreases with nominal indexation. Using firm-level data from Canada, we find that both predictions are supported by the data.