bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Prevalence and factors associated with depression among the elderly in rural areas of central India: a mixed method study
Authors: Dhumal Komal S. , Bhelkar Sandeep M. , Narlawar Uday W. , Pandey Snigdha , Barela Shamvel A.
Published: July 2024

Background: The global demographic shift towards an aging population has raised concerns about the mental health of the elderly, particularly in rural areas. This study sought to tackle this issue by quantitatively evaluating the prevalence of geriatric depression in rural areas of central India and qualitatively investigating the factors that contribute to late-life depression.
Methods: This mixed-method study conducted in the rural areas of central India aimed to assess the prevalence of depression among the elderly and explore gender-specific factors contributing to late-life depression.
Results: Quantitative data were collected from 308 elderly individuals aged 60 years and above, revealing a high prevalence of depressive symptoms (75.6%). Factors significantly associated with depression included female gender, age over 70 years, lower educational attainment, financial dependency, and comorbidities. Qualitative analysis through focus group discussions highlighted gender-specific perceptions of depression risk factors, emphasizing the need for tailored interventions.
Conclusions: The findings underscore the urgent need for targeted mental health interventions addressing socio-economic disparities and gender-specific challenges in rural elderly populations. A nuanced, gender-sensitive approach is crucial for promoting well-being and reducing the burden of depression among the elderly in rural central India.
Association of sleep disorders with non-lab-based CVD risk score among Indian population aged above 45 years: insight from Longitudinal Aging Study in India
Authors: Halder Pritam , Das Semanti , Mamgai Anshul , Nongkynrih Baridalyne , Bishoi Sayani , Chattopadhyay Ankita , Pal Saumyarup
Published: July 2024

Background: Both sleep disorders and cardiovascular events have been found to increase with age. The current study aimed to find an association between the two.
Methods: The current analysis used data from Longitudinal Aging Study in India (LASI) (1st) conducted from April 2017 to December 2018 with sleep disorder as the output variable. Non-lab-based CVD risk score, defined by the WHO (2019) was explanatory variable. Possible confounders were also included in the secondary analysis.
Results: Sleep disorder was seen among 11.69%, higher in females, elderly >60 years, rural population, unemployed and those with limited physical activity and self-reported poor health. Increased CVD risk score was associated with higher odds of having sleep disorder [5-9: 1.19 (1.12-1.28), 10-19: 1.31 (1.22-1.40), 20-29: 1.24 (1.09-1.41)]. On stratified analysis, similar results were seen in males but showed higher odds in the highest risk score category in females.
Conclusions: Recognition and management of sleep disorders, especially those with cardiovascular comorbidities and risk factors is important.
A cross-sectional study on factors associated with iron-folic acid supplement adherence among antenatal women of Haringhata block of Nadia district, West Bengal
Authors: Mandal Mousami , Pal Jayita , Ghosh Manoj , Das Haripada , Das Debabrata
Published: July 2024

Background: Anaemia, lack of can cause health complications across all age groups, particularly among pregnant women. In India, despite various governmental and non-governmental initiatives, the coverage and compliance of iron folic acid (IFA) therapy among pregnant women remain inadequate. This study aimed to estimate the prevalence of non-adherence and its determinants among pregnant mothers in Haringhata block, Nadia district, West Bengal.
Methods: A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted, selecting eligible pregnant mothers through simple random sampling from sub-centre lists. Confidential interviews were conducted using a pre-designed, structured questionnaire, with informed consent obtained from participants. Data were entered in Microsoft excel and analyzed using statistical package for the social sciences (SPSS) 20.0.
Results: Results showed that 37.7% of pregnant women were anaemic, and 19.9% were non-adherent to IFA supplements. Among the non-adherent, 56.5% missed IFA intake due to forgetfulness. Lack of knowledge was a significant barrier, with 53.42% unaware of IFA benefits and none knowing the exact duration of intake. Bivariate analyses indicated higher odds of non-adherence among mothers whose husbands were unemployed/unskilled, who suffered from anaemia, and who lacked knowledge about IFA benefits.
Conclusions: The study findings suggest that addressing forgetfulness, providing accurate knowledge about IFA intake, and targeted interventions for teenage mothers can improve adherence rates, preventing anaemia and enhancing maternal and child health outcomes.
Dentofacial deformities and their management in prosthodontic practice
Authors: Alkurdi Nuha A. , Allehyani Lama M. , Alqahtani Rawan S. , Mullah Yusuf N. , Albishi Nasser A. , Alzahrani Hussain S. , Alrayiqi Nouf H. , Alhejairi Shooq T. , Almutairi Basheer S. , Alzahrani Mohammed A. , Barnawi Ashwag Y. , Alotaibi Salha , Asiri Abdulaziz K.
Published: July 2024

Dentofacial deformities encompass a wide range of skeletal and dental discrepancies that can significantly impact a patient's oral function, aesthetics, and overall quality of life. These deformities can arise from congenital, developmental, or acquired factors, each contributing to the complexity of diagnosis and treatment. Congenital conditions, such as cleft lip and palate and genetic syndromes, often result in significant craniofacial anomalies. Developmental disturbances, including hormonal imbalances and nutritional deficiencies, can further exacerbate these conditions. Additionally, trauma, infections, and neoplasms play a critical role in the etiology of acquired dentofacial deformities. Effective management of dentofacial deformities in prosthodontics requires a multidisciplinary approach, integrating orthodontics, oral and maxillofacial surgery, and advanced prosthodontic techniques. Diagnostic advancements, including 3D imaging and digital workflows, facilitate precise planning and customization of prosthetic solutions. Orthodontic treatment and orthognathic surgery are pivotal in correcting skeletal discrepancies and establishing a stable foundation for prosthodontic rehabilitation. Post-surgical prosthodontic interventions involve the use of high-strength ceramics, zirconia, and biocompatible implant materials to restore dental function and aesthetics. Technological advancements have revolutionized prosthodontic practice. computer-aided design and computer-aided manufacturing (CAD/CAM) technology allows for the accurate design and fabrication of prosthetic components, enhancing treatment predictability and efficiency. The development of minimally invasive techniques, such as guided implant surgery and laser applications, has reduced procedural invasiveness and improved patient outcomes. The integration of digital tools and advanced materials has significantly enhanced the precision, durability, and aesthetic quality of prosthetic restorations. Overall, the advances in prosthodontic techniques and materials have greatly improved the management of dentofacial deformities, offering patients better functional and aesthetic results. Continued innovation and research are essential to address the complex challenges associated with these deformities, ultimately enhancing patient care and outcomes in prosthodontic practice.
Advancing therapeutic approaches for Rett syndrome: investigating trofenitide's role-a comprehensive review
Authors: Gupta Nikita , Ramya Kachakayala , Rao Kommuri C. , Fatima Syeda M. , Siddiqui Khadija A.
Published: July 2024

Rett syndrome is a complex neurodevelopmental disorder that mainly affects girls. It involves the loss of hand skills, walking difficulties, breathing problems, seizures, and repetitive hand movements. The syndrome starts with normal development but then goes through a regression, causing significant disability. It is caused by genetic mutations in the methyl-Cpg-binding protein 2 (MECP2) gene on the X chromosome. Rett syndrome poses challenges for patients and their families, requiring comprehensive support and a multidisciplinary approach involving healthcare professionals, educators, and social support networks. Ongoing research on trofenitide in Rett syndrome focuses on understanding its optimal dosing and long-term efficacy. Recent studies have revealed its neuroprotective and neurotrophic properties, suggesting involvement in important signaling pathways for neuronal development and synaptic plasticity. Future research aims to uncover specific molecular targets and pathways influenced by trofenitide, enabling the development of more personalized treatment strategies. Additionally, exploring the synergistic effects of trofenitide with other therapies, such as histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitors and N-methyl D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor modulators, shows promise for improved outcomes. Precision medicine approaches utilizing molecular profiling may aid in patient stratification and the development of targeted therapies.
El sector espacial como impulsor de la I+D y el desarrollo empresarial: una revisión de instrumentos de política
Authors: López Andrés , Pascuini Paulo
Published: July 2024

Este estudio hace un relevamiento de los instrumentos utilizados por siete de las agencias espaciales más importantes del mundo para promover la ID, tanto en el sector privado como en las instituciones del sistema de ciencia y tecnología, y estimular la generación, crecimiento y consolidación de empresas en el sector espacial y en otras áreas. Con base en este relevamiento, el trabajo propone dos grandes líneas de acción para contribuir al diseño de instrumentos que maximicen el impacto de las actividades de las agencias espaciales en América Latina y el Caribe (ALC) sobre el desarrollo tecnológico y productivo de la región. El rápido avance en la generación de nuevas tecnologías y aplicaciones espaciales disruptivas y el creciente papel del sector privado, tanto en el desarrollo de esas innovaciones como en la provisión de bienes y servicios comerciales basados en tecnología espacial, están transformando la economía del espacio. Estos procesos presentan desafíos significativos para las agencias e instituciones espaciales civiles en todo el mundo, ya que estas fueron creadas durante la vigencia de un paradigma dominado por la actividad estatal y los objetivos científicos y geopolíticos. En ALC, el rol del sector privado en la actividad espacial es aún limitado, aunque existen varios emprendimientos operativos con diverso grado de madurez tecnológica y comercial. A su vez, en algunos países de la región se han desarrollado actividades espaciales, comandadas por agencias e instituciones públicas que han acumulado activos, capacidades y conocimientos con potencial de generar externalidades y otro tipo de impactos positivos sobre los emprendimientos privados, tanto espaciales como no espaciales. Sin embargo, en un contexto en el que los sistemas de incentivos y mecanismos específicos dirigidos a promover la vinculación entre aquellas agencias e instituciones y el sector privado no existen (o son muy débiles) y donde hay fallas de coordinación que dificultan tales vinculaciones, la materialización de los impactos positivos puede verse obstaculizada.
KANT, FREGE, HILBERT Y LAS FUENTES DEL CONOCIMIENTO GEOMÉTRICO
Authors: Laserna Mario
Published: July 2024

1. The scientific revolution of the 18th century was based in capability of predicting, using mathematical models, the structure of the spacio-temporal world. From there, aro se the notion of experimental science whose goals are determine wich of the theorical architectures correspond to spatio-temporal facts.
2. Producing the scientific revolution and destroying the psychologism inherent in the realism of Arostotle is the question "What are the mental structures that permit the creation and development ofthe scientific model achieved by mathematico-experimental physics? This is the problem conceming the sources of geometric knowledge proposed by Kant and later by Fregge and still later by David Hilbert. 
3. These lead to a new concept of science seen as creativity of the human mind in order to systematize our experience in the spatio-temporal world inhabited by Horno sapiens.
The Polish Version of the Spirituality Index of Well-Being Scale (SIWB): Development and Adaptation of a Measure
Authors: Konaszewski Karol , Niesiobędzka Małgorzata , Skalski-Bednarz Sebastian Binyamin , Dobrakowski Paweł Piotr , Surzykiewicz Janusz
Published: July 2024

The purpose of this study was to adapt the Polish version of the Spirituality Index of Well-Being Scale (SIWB). Our survey included 392 Polish Catholics, mostly women (N = 267). The factor analyses confirmed the two-factor nature of the SIWB. A model including a second-order factor with two first-order factors similar to the original version proposed by Frey and colleagues (2005) obtained satisfactory values of goodness-of-fit indices. The Polish version of the scale showed high internal consistency. Our study also confirmed the validity of the scale. SIWB scores were positively and strongly related to existential well-being, moderately positively related to resilience and spiritual well-being, and positively and weakly related to religious well-being. The SIWB is a tool for measuring spiritual quality of life with good psychometric properties. The tool can be used to diagnose an index of psychological well-being in the general population.
Analysis of the influence of CAR, NPF, FDR AND BOPO on the financial performance (ROA) of banking in Indonesia
Authors: Vina Wijayanti  , Nursiam
Published: July 2024

This article analyzes the influence of CAR, NPF, FDR and BOPO on banking financial performance (ROA) in Indonesia, which is the aim of this research. The sample selection method uses a purposive sampling technique at Sharia Commercial Banks registered with Bank Indonesia (BI) for the 2017-2022 period. The sample in this study consisted of 10 companies with a total sample data of 58. The data analysis technique used was multiple linear regression with the help of SPSS version 25. The results of the study showed that the NPF variable had an effect on financial performance (ROA), while CAR, FDR and BOPO did not. influence on financial performance (ROA). The selection of research objects at Sharia Commercial Banks resulted in limitations in the number of samples in this research. Apart from that, the independent variables in this study can only explain 19.8% of the independent variables.
The Urgency of Sufism and Self-Control in Millennial Juvenile Delinquency
Authors: Hanifah Millatina , Varyda Vateen Nayla Nurul
Published: July 2024

Adolescence is when children and teenagers start to develop what they like; during this period, they also find it difficult to control their emotions. In the current millennial era, there are many character, manners, and moral shifts in every growth journey during adolescence. Thus, it is proven that there are still many confusing problems among teenagers today, such as brawls between one group and another, consuming drinks that Islam does not permit, and so on. This problem occurs because of the decline in morals and even the decline in moral and ethical values ​​that make teenagers lose their identity. The method used in this research is qualitative, with a descriptive approach supported by literature references from books, journals, and other sources. This research aims to determine the urgency of Sufism and self-control in millennial juvenile delinquency. The results found were that practicing Sufism correctly and appropriately can increase self-control of adolescent behavior and actions that are deviant and detrimental to themselves and others.
Rational Use of Waste from Oil Extraction Production — Bleaching Clay Waste
Authors: Shaikhiev I.G. , Sverguzova S.V. , Gafarov R.R. , Sapronova Zh.A.
Published: July 2024

The results of studies of the physic-chemical and sorption properties of bleaching clay waste, the prospects for its use for the purification of polluted waters, as well as the possibility of subsequent disposal of used materials are presented. Using the method of low-temperature nitrogen adsorption-desorption, it was found that the studied bleaching clay waste has a specific surface area of 185.53 m2/g and has a mesoporous structure. The sorption properties of clay waste were studied and it was found that at a dosage of 1.5 g/dm3, the purification efficiency of the standard solutions containing Cu2+ ions with a concentration of 10 mg/dm3 is 96.7 %. It has been found that the maximum sorption capacity, determined under static conditions for clay fired at a temperature of 350 °C, is 0.41 mmol/g. The use of bleaching clay as filler pigments in the manufacture of paints and varnishes has been proposed and demonstrated.
Biomonitoring of Pesticides in the Reservoirs of the Saratov Region
Authors: Erdniev L.P. , Gusev Yu.S. , Pleshakova E.V. , Kosheleva I.S. , Kuzianov D.A. , Mikerov A.N.
Published: July 2024

An assessment of the circulation of pesticides in the Saratov region was carried out. A list of pesticides that pose a potential hazard to public health as a result of chemical pollution of water bodies and aquatic organisms consumed by humans has been determined. It is proposed to use satellite images of the terrain located in the drainage basin area in order to justify the sampling points from surface water household supplies potentially contaminated with pesticides. The methodological aspects of the use of a multicomponent biotest system in establishing the toxicity of pesticides are considered. It is concluded that when arranging the biotesting to assess the toxicity of water and sediment samples containing pesticides in concentrations up to 10 MAC, it is recommended to use aquatic organisms with a minimally developed detoxification system.
Review of Disposal Methods and Directions for the Use and Processing of Sewage Sediments
Authors: Jumasheva K.A. , Syrlybekkyzy S. , Gusmanova A.G. , Nurbaeva F.K. , Kolesnikov A.S. , Volkova I.V.
Published: July 2024

International expertise in the neutralization, recycling and use of municipal wastewater sedimentation is reviewed. Information is provided on the main areas of neutralization and disposal of wastewater residues used in Asian and European countries. Thermal disinfection of non-flammable components, foreign, harmful and dangerous substances of sewage sediment is proposed, during which the biocoke is formed. The possibility of using the biocoke as a safe organic fertilizer was noted.
CARBON UNITS: FOREIGN REGULATION (PART TWO)
Authors: Aristov Vladislav V. ,   Leading Specialist of the Department of Laws on Legal Entities, Medvedeva Tatyana M. ,   Deputy Head of the Department of Laws on Legal Entities
Published: July 2024

The work is devoted to identifying the legal nature of carbon units, as well as substantiating the possibility of classifying carbon units as objects of law in order to determine the optimal model for regulating emission and turnover of carbon units and emission quotas.
PROBLEMS OF STATE SOVEREIGNTY FROM THE GLOBALIZATION STANDPOINT: ORGANIC AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTS
Authors: Guseva Tatyana A. ,   Leading Research Scientist of the Southwest State University, LL.D., Goncharova Yulia V. ,   Postgraduate Student of the Department of Constitutional
Published: July 2024

During the period of universal globalization, issues of state sovereignty, the ratio of state sovereignty and the unified policy of associations of states are increasingly raised. The legal field governing relations in the field of organic agricultural production, acting as a guarantor of national security and aimed at preserving state sovereignty, is currently in conflict with the norms of international and national law of states. The author in this article provides an analysis of the contradictions between the norms of international and national law in relation to tasks aimed at preserving state sovereignty on the example of the Russian Federation and the countries of the European Union.
Special Aspects of an Agreement on Payment of Additional Costs Required to Provide Residential Premises to a Child
Authors: Lebed Maria V. ,   Associate Professor of the Department of Civil Law and Procedure of the M.M. Speransky
Published: July 2024

An agreement (agreement) on participation in bearing additional expenses for providing a child with living quarters is an agreement not named in the Family Code of the Russian Federation, the requirements for which are not established by law. The author, based on an analysis of legal norms, analogies of law and formal logic, puts forward in the article requirements for the form, parties and content of this agreement, and also analyzes the legal consequences of non-compliance with its terms. Based on a systematic analysis of modern Russian legislation, the author comes to the conclusion that it is possible to present certain requirements to the agreement under study, similar to the requirements for an agreement on the collection of alimony, and also identifies differences in the legal regulation of these agreements.
On Differentiation of the Administrative and Criminal Liability for Evidence Tampering in an Administrative Offense Case
Authors: Reshnyak Maria G. ,   ssociate Professor of the Department of Criminal Law, Criminal Procedure and Criminalistics of the Odintsovo Branch
Published: July 2024

This article is devoted to the consideration of the problem related to the peculiarities of differentiation of legal liability for falsification of various evidence in cases of administrative offenses, the relevance of which is confirmed by the Ruling of the Constitutional Court of the Russian Federation dated September 21, 2023 No. 2175-O. Based on the analysis of the current legislation establishing administrative and criminal liability for falsification of evidence, as well as judicial practice, the article highlights the features and problems of regulation and differentiation of these types of legal liability for the commission of these illegal actions. As a result of the conducted research, the author formulated reasonable conclusions and proposals aimed at improving the regulation of liability for falsification of evidence in the case of an administrative offense.
The Development of Criminal Laws on the Liability for Crimes Associated with State Procurements
Authors: Samsonov Vladimir N. ,   Lawyer, PhD (Law)
Published: July 2024

The article deals with an analysis of the process of inclusion in the norms of the Criminal Code that establish liability for crimes in the sphere of public. Modern legislation contains a number of criminal law prohibitions aimed to protect social relations and to ensure public procurement. These norms are characterized by lack of consistency and competition. The unification of criminal law prohibitions, as well as the dissemination of legislative innovations, in particular the special grounds for exemption from criminal liability, should improve both law enforcement practice and minimize the criminal consequences of illegal acts in the field of public procurement.
Constitutionalization of the Criminal Policy of Protection of Traditional Values: Problem Setting
Authors: Chirkov Filipp V. ,   Associate Professor of the Department of Theory and History of State and Law
Published: July 2024

The author justifies the opinion that a criminal policy based on traditional values can be viewed as a new model of the criminal policy of the country. It implies not only adjustment of adopted criminal and political decisions but also the establishment of independent criminal law protection of traditional values. Taking into account that values are to a great extent a moral and ethical category, the legal content of traditional values and their development on the basis of and in relation to the constitutional text become important for the legitimation of a new criminal policy model. Thus, the problem of constitutionalization of the criminal policy acquires an additional study impulse.
On Some Issues of Qualification and Proving of a Theft from a Bank Account Committed by a Minor by Means of Payment with Another Person’s Bank Card
Authors: Bykova Elena G. ,   Associate Professor of the Department of Criminal Law, Vakhmyanina Natalya B. ,   Director of the Ekaterinburg Branch of the Sukharev Moscow Academy of the Investigative
Published: July 2024

In practice, law enforcement agencies often find it difficult to resolve some of the issues covered in this work. Of particular difficulty are certain aspects of the qualification and proof of theft from a bank account committed by minors. The relevance of the article is due to the current lack of comprehensive practice-oriented scientific research of an interdisciplinary nature on the issues under consideration. In order to eliminate the existing gaps, the authors have highlighted some aspects of the qualification of theft of the type in question. Using a specific example, one of the most common currently methods of countering the bodies of preliminary investigation is illustrated and ways and means of overcoming it are proposed, in particular, when proving the intent of a minor subject of a crime.
Criminal Procedure Problems of Application of the Criminal Law Measure in Form of a Court Fine
Authors: Kirillova Natalia P. ,   rofessor of the Department of Criminal Procedure and Criminalistics of the Saint Petersburg, Kamatesov Pavel A. ,   Attorney at the Saint Petersburg City Bar Association, PhD (Law)
Published: July 2024

The article discusses the shortcomings of the legal regulation of the preliminary investigation and termination of criminal cases with the appointment of a judicial fine. The authors believe that at the stage of preliminary investigation, the investigator/inquirer submits a petition to dismiss the case with the imposition of a court fine to the court is their right, not their obligation. Based on the analysis of scientific discussions and the results of a survey of investigators and prosecutors, the authors propose ways to improve the provisions of Chapter 51.1 of the Criminal Procedure Code of the Russian Federation in the form of strengthening prosecutorial supervision over the investigation of criminal cases subject to termination with the imposition of a judicial fine.
Public Law Fundamentals of the Digital Transformation of the Smart Court Judicial System (Chinese Experience)
Authors: Romanovskaya Olga V. ,   Head of the Department of State and Legal Disciplines of the Penza State University
Published: July 2024

The article discusses legal issues of the influence of digital technologies on the modern judicial system. A new stage in the reform of the judiciary has been outlined, which has received a single name — Digital Justice. Similar processes are taking place abroad, which determines the relevance of comparative legal research and appeal to the experience of the People’s Republic of China. The digital transformation of the PRC judicial system is taking place under the auspices of the “Smart Court” concept. The positive results of the implementation of this trend are highlighted: the possibility of intellectual analysis of judicial practice, the creation of special algorithms for the preparation of draft court decisions, the establishment of an Internet court, the approval of the rules of asynchronous judicial proceedings, the development of digital products based on artificial intelligence specifically for the judiciary. The principles of using artificial intelligence in the judicial sphere are presented. The necessity of developing and adopting a national strategy for the digital transformation of judicial authorities in the Russian Federation is shown.
On the Right of a Government Authority to Give a Conclusion on a Case in the Arbitration Procedure
Authors: Gazarova Svetlana A. ,   Head of the Prospective Development Directorate of the Municipal Property Department
Published: July 2024

The conclusion of the authority in the arbitration process is a new institution of arbitration procedural law. The possibility of giving an opinion by an authority in the arbitration process is based on the legal position of the Supreme Court of the Russian Federation. The author examines the institution of opinions through a number of identified inconsistencies, signaling that the issuance of an opinion should be established as a general rule in the arbitration process. This is a discrepancy in the line of correlation with special norms that allow the authority to give an opinion on the case (against the background of the absence of a general norm, the authority gives an opinion in the arbitration process only in cases involving a foreign state); a discrepancy in the line of correlation with the powers of other entities occupying a similar procedural position (the right to give an opinion in the arbitration process was vested with the prosecutor); inconsistency in the line of correlation with the model of regulation of similar relations (giving an opinion is provided for in civil proceedings and in administrative proceedings); inconsistency in the line of completeness of the competence of the authority itself (the authority can initiate the process, but it cannot enter into it to give an opinion); inconsistency in the line of interchangeable forms of participation in the case of bodies used in practice the authorities (the inability to give an opinion entails the involvement of authorities as third parties without independent claims on the subject of the dispute).
Artificial Intelligence: An Object or Subject of Law?
Authors: Akhmetyanova Zamira A. ,   ssociate Professor of the Department of Civil Law of the Kazan (Volga Region) Federal University, Akhmetyanov Arslan R. ,   IT Developer at Ozon Technologies, LLC
Published: July 2024

The article analyzes the priority technology of artificial intelligence (AI) for today and assesses its legal nature. The relevance of the issues raised in the article is determined by the widespread use of the latest scientific achievements in the field of AI and the lack of adequate legal regulation of relations with its use. The article outlines approaches to recognizing AI as an object or subject of law presented in the doctrine, conducts a critical analysis of them from the perspective of Russian civil legislation, and also provides an assessment of the possible results of the activity of neural networks The authors conclude that it is impossible to recognize weak AI as a subject of rights and that it is advisable it recognize it as an object of rights, since in its characteristics it is close to computer programs as objects of copyright.
The Judicial Doctrine of Attractive Nuisance in the Theory and Practice of American Courts
Authors: Volozhbenskaya Darya I. ,   Applicant for the PhD Degree of the Kutafin Moscow State Law University (MSAL)
Published: July 2024

The author explores the conceptual foundations of the attractive nuisance doctrine, which is applied by the American courts of most US states. At the same time, the judicial doctrine is defined by the author as a complex of legal positions generated on the basis of a number of precedent decisions, consisting of the main thesis (theses) as a substantial core (principle, idea), and developing its «peripheral» provisions of a substantive and procedural nature. The paper concludes that attractive nuisance doctrine is recognized as an integral part of US tort law.
Legal Incentives and Limitations in the Artificial Intelligence Regulation Mechanism Within the Framework of Implementation of the Law Enforcement Function of the State
Authors: Kulikov Stanislav B. ,   Senior Lecturer of the Department of Theory of Law and State and Legal Disciplines
Published: July 2024

The author offers an analysis of the regulatory legal acts prepared in the Russian Federation over the past four years, regulating the development of technologies using artificial intelligence. The legal basis of the mechanism for regulating artificial intelligence in the context of the implementation of the law enforcement function of the state is revealed.
Electronic Documents in Personnel Management Activities of Executive Authorities
Authors: Starovoyt Maksim A. ,   Applicant of Science Degree of the Department of Administrative Law
Published: July 2024

MSAL) The possibility of applying the norms of the Labor Code of the Russian Federation for e-document management is analyzed in the personnel work of executive authorities. The features of the legal regulation of public-service relations and their key differences from the provisions of labor legislation are formulated. The projected drafts of regulatory legal acts aimed at the introduction of electronic personnel document management are being considered. An overview of the experimental regime of legal regulation of the use of e-documents in personnel work in public-service relations introduced by the Russian Government is being conducted.
Administrative Discretion and Administrative Procedures: The End and the New Beginning
Authors: Zaytsev Dmitry I. ,   Teaching Assistant of the Department of Administrative Law and Procedure of the Kutafin Moscow State Law University (MSAL)
Published: July 2024

The article studies the problem of correlation of administrative discretion and administrative procedures. It is shown that administrative procedures have historically emerged as a result of realization of administrative discretion of the heads of executive authorities. It is substantiated that both administrative discretion and administrative procedures can be defined as trust (degreeof trust) given to executive authorities and their officials. In conclusion, it is hypothesized that in the foreseeable future administrative-procedural and administrative-discretionary regulation will periodically replace each other.
ON SOME SOCIAL, PSYCHOLOGICAL AND ORGANIZATIONAL ASPECTS OF JUDICIAL RHETORIC
Authors: Sedelius Natalya N. ,   Associate Professor of the Department of Civil and Legal Disciplines
Published: July 2024

The article analyzes social and psychological aspects of the role and place of a judicial representative in a procedure: mode of dress; recognizability; perception of age; asynchronicity of speech; trustworthiness and various biases. The paper reviews factors of raising the efficiency of skills of a good court speaker.
Robot-assisted deep brain stimulation
Authors: Rowbottom Hojka , Šmigoc Tomaž , Ravnik Janez , Flis Vojko
Published: July 2024

Deep brain stimulation (DBS) is recognised as a safe and effective treatment for several movement disorders, namely essential tremor, Parkinson's disease, and dystonia, as well as for obsessive–compulsive disorder and refractory epilepsy. The main anatomical target of DBS is the basal ganglia. The DBS system comprises a pulse generator and surgically implanted electrodes. Lead placements must be accurate because the effects of DBS rely on the spatial restriction of the stimulation. Neurosurgical centres have started adopting robot-assisted DBS surgery. The results so far have been promising, with lead placement accuracy comparable to that of frame-based procedures. Additionally, robot-assisted procedures are shorter and less demanding on patients. Robot-assisted DBS can be used on patients who are fully awake or under general anaesthesia, as well as on children.
State of the Philippine Climate: An Overview
Authors: Cinco Thelma , De Guzman Rosalina , Barba Rosa , Orogo Ryan , Villafuerte Marcelino , Delfino Rafaela Jane , Palomar Jamila Audrey , Pulhin Perlyn , Wilson David , Lasco Rodel
Published: July 2024

The State of the Philippine Climate (SPC) is an annual report that provides a summary of observations of the country’s essential climate variables, as well as notable climatic and weather events. This publication is based on data provided by the Philippine Atmospheric, Geophysical and Astronomical Services Administration (PAGASA), National Disaster Risk Reduction and Management Council (NDRRMC), and other national and international institutions. The primary goal of this annual climate report is to efficiently disseminate necessary climate information that can aid policy makers, local government units, and other stakeholders in their decision making processes toward science-based climate change adaptation and disaster risk management.
Exploring the Therapeutic Potential of Silicon and its Impact on Crude Plant Drug Production in North East India
Authors: Devi Mayanglambam Homeshwari , Haokip Immanuel Chongboi , Singh Seram Raghumani , Tasung Ampee , Devi Mayanglambam Neshwari
Published: July 2024

Silicon (Si) exhibits a beneficial impact in mitigating both biotic and abiotic stress, yet its potential significance in the context of medicinal plant and crude plant drug production, particularly in the strongly acidic soils of North East (NE) India, remains underreported. This study aimed to assess the effects of Si application on medicinal plants, focusing on growth, physico-chemical and biological attributes under stressful conditions.The study highlighted the benefits of Si application, particularly through foliar application, on medicinal plants such as lemongrass [Cymbopogon flexuosus (Steud) Wats], ginseng (Panax ginseng), coriander (Coriandrum Sativum L.) and bananas. Foliar Si application demonstrated improvements in plant growth and yield, employing morphological, physiological and biological responses in lemongrass and ginseng while enhancing the growth and yield of coriander by improving relative water content, total phenolic and total flavonoid content under water stress. Si applications also resulted in increased fresh and dry weight of bananas, alongside improvements in biochemical parameters, like increased starch and total sugar content and delay in banana ripening through the reduction of cellulose and amylase activity. The study underscores the effectiveness of Si in enhancing the growth and yield of medicinal plants. Within the context of NE India, this report draws attention to the considerable challenges faced in cultivating well-suited medicinal plants and crude plant drugs, crucial for herbal healthcare and the future well-being of humanity. Consequently, Si’s role in fostering t
UM NOVO CINEMA PARA UMA NOVA NAÇÃO: a trajetória do cinema moçambicano
Authors: CANTANHEDE ITAMIRIS CANTANHEDE E
Published: July 2024

SECCO, Carmen Tindó; LEITE, Ana Mafalda; PATRAQUIM, Luís Carlos (org.). CineGrafias moçambicanas: memórias & crônicas & ensaios. São Paulo: Kapulana, 2019. 267 p.
Sobre la parametrización de cónicas con rotación (la manera fácil)
Authors: Mora Flores Walter
Published: July 2024

Se presentan algunas parametrizaciones usuales (trigonométricas y racionales) de las cónicas en posición estándar y algunas aplicaciones. Para cónicas con rotación en la que solo interesa una parametrización trigonométrica o una racional, se presentan los métodos de diagonalización no ortogonal y parametrización usando un haz de rectas.
Mínimo existencial e transformações sociais: A relevância dos direitos fundamentais em tempos de crise
Authors: Lima Marcus Vinicius Rodrigues
Published: July 2024

Este artigo visa analisar contemporaneamente os aspectos jurídicos da existência de um conteúdo essencial dos direitos fundamentais que possa caracterizar uma estrutura normativa suficiente e adequada a tutelar valores inegociáveis do bem-estar e da dignidade humana, ao ponto de se poder falar em um mínimo existencial. Assim, a partir de pesquisa bibliográfica documental, o artigo busca problematizar e identificar os requisitos e elementos configuradores dos direitos fundamentais e estruturalmente do próprio mínimo existencial, no tocante à necessária simbiose entre a sua justificação e os seus limites e contornos. Nesse contexto, considerando a base constitucional e as fontes normativas que tutelam valores e direitos fundamentais, inclusive impactados pela realidade econômica e financeira de Estados, ciclicamente afetados por crises, constata-se a incidência de inevitáveis mecanismos de ponderação e balanceamento, para obtenção e configuração da delimitação do direito ao mínimo existencial.
A necessidade de rigor penal na prática de ato de terrorismo causador de dano ambiental grave
Authors: Pereira Flávia Penna Guedes , Passos de Freitas Vladimir
Published: July 2024

O objetivo deste artigo é o de identificar a legislação que trata dos crimes de terrorismo no Brasil e analisar as consequências dos atos terroristas nos casos em que ocorram consequências de grave dano ao meio ambiente. A metodologia consiste em uma investigação qualitativa, com o método de abordagem hipotético-dedutivo, utilizando-se as técnicas de pesquisa de documentação indireta com as fontes de pesquisa documental e bibliográfica em recursos primários e secundários. O resultado pretendido é o da introdução na Lei 13.260, de 2016, de previsão de agravamento da pena em um terço no caso de o ato terrorista suscitar danos ambientais graves e aumentar-se a pena na metade em caso de morte. Assim, a conclusão alcançada neste estudo é que a legislação nacional deve incorporar a expressão "dano ambiental grave" em seus dispositivos, considerando a crescente crise ambiental e a possibilidade de ameaça de atos terroristas. Desse modo, recomenda-se que seja apresentado um projeto de lei para reintroduzir a previsão vetada e suprir a omissão legal.
La intervención del acusado durante la celebración del Juicio oral: Posición física, momento y condiciones de su declaración y última palabra
Authors: Gallego José María Asencio
Published: July 2024

Son varias las cuestiones que, en la práctica ordinaria de los juzgados y tribunales, se plantean acerca de la intervención del acusado durante las sesiones del juicio oral. En primer lugar, nada más comenzar el plenario, el lugar en el que debe situarse, si junto a su letrado o en el conocido como “banquillo”. En segundo lugar, el momento en que debe declarar, si tras las cuestiones previas y, por tanto, previamente a la práctica de las demás pruebas, o una vez practicadas todas ellas. Y, por último, el alcance y contenido de su derecho a la última palabra. Todo ello con relación al fundamental derecho de defensa que, como parte pasiva del proceso penal, goza el acusado. Y, por supuesto, el derecho a que, antes de su declaración, se le informe debidamente de sus derechos y de los hechos delictivos que se le atribuyen. Estas son las cuestiones que se analizarán en las próximas páginas.
Renda básica incondicionada e a Quarta Revolução Industrial. Instrumento da seguridade social para enfrentamento das desigualdades sociais
Authors: Meirinho Augusto Grieco Sant’Anna
Published: July 2024

A Quarta Revolução Industrial se manifesta como um processo complexo de mudanças centrado em avanços tecnológicos disruptivos com repercussões nas relações de trabalho. Com o estudo, busca-se trazer luzes sobre a precarização do trabalho e o potencial impacto sobre a capacidade financeira do sistema de seguridade social em decorrência do modelo de financiamento previsto na Constituição da República Federativa do Brasil de 1988. O campo de estudo é o Direito Social e o objetivo principal do artigo é a investigação sobre repercussões laborais da Quarta Revolução Industrial, sob os aspectos quantitativo e qualitativo, e os riscos decorrentes da atual revolução tecnológica sobre as pessoas que dependem do trabalho. O método utilizado para o desenvolvimento do trabalho foi o descritivo, fundado em pesquisa bibliográfica. O resultado obtido foi a evidenciação da necessidade de se instituir uma renda básica incondicionada e universal como instrumento de preservação da dignidade das pessoas em substituição ao modelo previdenciário do seguro social.
Diagnostic Utility of Pre-Genomic Hepatitis B RNA in the Evaluation of HBV/HIV Coinfection
Authors: Sherman Kenneth , Rouster Susan , Meeds Heidi , Peters Marion , Blackard Jason , Horn Paul , Archampong Timothy , Kwara Awewura , Anderson Mark , Stec Michael , Cloherty Gavin
Published: July 2024

Background: Newer biomarkers of Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection and treatment response have not been well-characterized in individuals with HBV/HIV coinfection. 
Methods: Pre-genomic RNA (pgRNA) and quantitative HBsAg (qHBsAg) were used to evaluate the associations with baseline characteristics. Participants included two separate groups – 236 with HBV/HIV coinfection enrolled in a cross-sectional cohort in Ghana and 47 from an HBV nucleoside/nucleotide treatment trial comparing tenofovir to adefovir in the United States.
Results: In both cohorts, HBe antigenemia was highly associated with pgRNA and HBV DNA levels. In the treatment cohort, pre-treatment pgRNA serum concentration was 7.0 log10 U/mL, and mean qHBsAg was 201,297 IU/mL. The observed treatment-associated decrease in pgRNA was consistent with a biphasic decline curve that reached second-phase kinetics following treatment week 12. Changes from baseline were significantly correlated with changes in serum ALT (r = - 0.518; P = 0.023) but not with changes in HBV DNA (r = 0.132, P = NS). qHBsAg also correlated with ALT change (r = - 0.488, P = 0.034).
Conclusion: pgRNA and qHBsAg represent newer biomarkers of HBV replication that may help monitor response and treatment outcomes. HBV pgRNA is highly associated with both HBeAg and ALT and may predict both active replication from the closed circular DNA (cccDNA) template as well as hepatic injury.
Random walk tests for the MENA stock returns
Authors: Asaad Zeravan Abdulmuhsen , Omer Bayar Mohamed Rasheed
Published: July 2024

Purpose — The current study seeks to understand whether individual stock returns exhibit random movement and are not dependent (efficient at weak form) on fourteen out of sixteen actively traded Arab stock markets in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region, based on the size of the market value.Method — Various non-parametric methods, including autocorrelation test, variance ratio test, Phillips-Perron unit root test, and runs test, are used to assess the random walk hypothesis for daily data following the Covid-19 vaccination program. This analysis covers the period from January 3, 2021, to March 28, 2023.Result — The study results present evidence that all individual stock returns deviate from random walk behavior. However, only Kuwait, Jordan, and Palestine stock returns follow the random walk based on the run test results at a significance level of 10%. Therefore, it can be concluded that all stock returns are inefficient at the weak-form, suggesting that investors have opportunities for unexpected gains.Practical implications  — The findings of this study suggest that investors in the MENA region may have opportunities for unexpected gains, as individual stock returns deviate from random walk behavior, highlighting the importance of considering market dynamics and employing informed investment strategies. Additionally, policymakers could benefit from understanding the inefficiencies in stock returns to implement measures that promote market stability and efficiency.
Optimizing perfusion and volume in autologous breast reconstruction: dual-plane, conjoined and stacked flaps
Authors: Farajzadeh Matthew M. , Salibian Ara A.
Published: July 2024

Microsurgical breast reconstruction has continued to evolve to improve outcomes and minimize complications. Dual-plane, conjoined and stacked flaps represent one aspect of this evolution in an effort to improve tissue perfusion and flap volume. Dual-plane flaps combine the superficial and deep circulation in abdominally-based free flaps to augment perfusion. Conjoined flaps use additional pedicles to supply multiple perforasomes combined in a single flap. Stacked flaps utilize separate flaps on individual pedicles to increase volume at a single recipient site. Multiple donor sites, pedicle configurations and recipient vessel choices have been described, primarily focusing on using the cranial and caudal internal mammary system as well as intra-flap anastomoses. Though more technically demanding, dual-plane, stacked and conjoined flaps allow for improvement in flap perfusion and volume, and are important tools for optimizing results in autologous breast reconstruction.