bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Psychological Wellbeing and Personality Mental Health
Authors: Zotova O , Karapetyan L
Published: May 2020

Wellbeing is a multifaceted phenomenon with regard to its conceptualization, fields of application, discourse practices and a great number of components. Its greatest advantage resides in health improvement and lifespan increment. Health can be considered as a source of physical and mental force, as an adaptive ability of the organism, an ideal and meaning of life, an ideal state of the individual who feels well. The aim of the study was to examine socio-psychological features of the respondents with different degrees of subjective wellbeing and health self-esteem pronouncement. As a result, the four groups involving 202 testees were singledout. The survey showed that both health self-esteem and subjective wellbeing serve as predictors not only of attitude towards the world and the self but also as a certain “frame” through the prism of which the person perceives the world around. It was revealed that the respondents with low health self-esteem are emotionallyunstable, prone to neuroticism and dissatisfaction with their life in general. The group of the testees with high health self-esteem and high level of subjective wellbeing are characterized by proactive attitude, a zest for life, positive self-esteem, lack of sustainable tension, while the respondents with low level of subjectivewellbeing and low health self-esteem exhibit an increased level of neuroticism, significance of their social environment and preoccupation with their own emotional sensations. The search for individual and typological specific features depending on the person’s subjective perceptions about his health and wellbeing allows forrevealing idiosyncratic “syndromes” of individual consciousness.
Keywords: subjective wellbeing, mental health, typology.
THE ROLE OF YOUNG FARMERS GROUP IN NEW MEDIA UTILIZATION FOR YOUNG HORTICULTURAL AGRIPRENEURS IN YOGYAKARTA SPECIAL REGION, INDONESIA
Authors: Nurlaela Siti , Samsi Hariadi Sunarru , Bihrajihant Raya Alia
Published: May 2020

Purpose of the study: This study is to analyze the characteristics of young farmers in horticultural agripreneurs, the role of young farmers group, the utilization of new media in horticultural agripreneurs, and the influence of the characteristics of young farmers and the role of groups on the utilization of new media in horticultural entrepreneurs Methodology: This research used the survey method. A simple random sampling method was used in selecting 300 of 604 young farmers, consisting of 250 men and 50 women. The role of young farmers group and the utilization of new media variables are measured using a 5-score rating scale, which includes; (1) never, (2) rarely, (3) sometimes, (4) often, (5) always. Data were analyzed using percentages, mean scores, and multiple regression tests at p ≤ 0.05. Main Findings: The results showed that young farmers most often use smartphones to access social media. The majority of farmers use WhatsApp for their daily communication. Factors influencing the utilization of new media (Y) included gender (X1), an education level (X2), length of business (X3), and the role of farmer group (X4) together (R-square) of 34.7%. The role of young farmer groups and sex had a positive effect on the utilization of new media; length of business had a negative effect, while education level did not affect the use of new media (p≤0.05). Applications of this study: The government is expected to encourage young agripreneurs in Yogyakarta Special Region, Indonesia, who are just starting a business to utilize new media by empowering groups to conduct training and learning to become successful young agripreneur. Novelty/Originality of this study: This study found that the role of young farmers group as a means of social learning is very important in horticultural agripreneurs, especially for young farmers in rural areas who are just starting a business with the use of new media to develop their businesses.
Autoantibodies to 21-hydroxylase as a diagnostic marker of primary autoimmune adrenal insufficiency, including at its potential and latent stages
Authors: Nuralieva N. F. , Yukina M. Yu. , Troshina E. A. , Malysheva N. M. , Nikankina L. V.
Published: May 2020

Rationale: In Russia, assessment of anti-P450c21 antibodies (AB) in the diagnosis of autoimmune adrenal insufficiency (AAI) has not been commonly used, and the disease screening has not been implemented.

Aims: 1)  To determine the sensitivity and specificity of anti-P450c21 AB determination in the AAI diagnosis; 2)  To estimate the prevalence of anti-P450c21 AB carriage in patients without AAI.

Materials and methods: Anti-P450c21 AB were assessed in 40  patients (group  1) with manifest AAI; 171  patients without established diagnosis of AAI, including 113  subjects with autoimmune thyroid disorders or type 1 diabetes mellitus (AID, group 2); 25 carriers of AB markers of thyroid AID and/or type  1 diabetes mellitus without any target organ dysfunctions (group 3); 33 patients with non-autoimmune endocrine disorders (group  4), and 25 healthy individuals (group 5).

Results: Determination of anti-P450c21 AB for the diagnosis of AAI had 95%  sensitivity, with specificity of 100%, predictive value of a positive result of 100%, and predictive value of a negative result 92.6%. Anti-P450c21 AB were inversely correlated with the duration of glucocorticoid replacement therapy (r=-0.222, p<0.05). High levels of anti-P450c21 AB were found in 4 (3.5%) patients of group  2; based on the results of additional hormonal testing, 50%  cases were diagnosed with the latent stage of the disease and 50% cases with the potential stage.

Discussion: The sensitivity of the anti-P450c21 AB determination for AAI diagnosis in our study was higher, than in the works by other authors. We have confirmed a  time-related reduction of anti-P450c21 AB levels, whereby the strength of the correlation was higher in the subgroups with autoimmune polyendocrine syndrome type  II and, to a greater extent, autoimmune polyendocrine syndrome type I. This might be related to their different pathogenesis, with an abnormality of central immune tolerance in autoimmune polyendocrine syndrome type I and that of peripheral immune tolerance in autoimmune polyendocrine syndrome type II. According to our data, in 50% of cases, the development of AAI was preceded by the manifestation of other AIDs (in 15% of cases being multiple). Among all patients with no AAI diagnosis at the study entry, increased anti-P450c21 AB levels were found exactly in those with pre-existing AID. Thus, we have confirmed the feasibility of AAI screening primarily in a cohort of patients with other AID (especially multiple) belonging to the risk group.

Conclusion: The determination of blood anti-P450c21 AB is a highly sensitive and highly specific method to diagnose AAI. The frequency of anti-P450c21 AB detection might depend on the duration of glucocorticoid treatment. Screening for early AAI stages is relevant primarily in the risk groups with multiple autoimmune disorders.
A Prestação de Serviços Públicos pelo Governo Eletrônico
Authors: Dias Gilmara Aparecida De Freitas , Coura Karla Veloso , Athayde André Luiz Mendes , Farias Josivania Silva , Demo Gisela
Published: May 2020

A forma como o governo proporciona a entrega de serviços aos cidadãos tem sido influenciada pela modernização das Tecnologias de Informação e Comunicação (TIC’s) e pelo uso da internet, o que vem gerando acesso facilitado por meio do governo eletrônico (e-gov). Desse modo, este trabalho tem como objetivo analisar o perfil da produção científica internacional sobre a entrega de serviços públicos pelo governo eletrônico. Para tanto, buscou-se identificar nos artigos os elementos demográficos, explorando os objetivos, resumos e palavras-chave e verificando estatísticas textuais, especificidades de grupos, classificação hierárquica descendente e nuvens de palavras no corpus textual, composto por 21 artigos extraídos da base de dados do Science Direct Proquest. Como métodos de análise, foram utilizadas a bibliometria, a sociometria, por meio da aplicação do software Iramuteq, a classificação hierárquica descendente (CHD) e a análise fatorial de correspondência (AFC). Em linhas gerais, os resultados retrataram que a temática mais publicada refere-se à adoção de tecnologia seguida pela implementação do e-gov. A análise realizada desvelou os itinerários da produção científica internacional no tema e subsidiou a proposição de uma agenda de pesquisa para estudos ulteriores.
A interação com atores da hélice tríplice e as perspectivas de desenvolvimento de capacidades empreendedoras
Authors: De Oliveira Greicianne Sousa , Renault Thiago Borges
Published: May 2020

A partir de um estudo de caso de caráter descritivo, o artigo apresenta a experiência de resistência de cooperação academia-mercado do Campus Pinheiral do Instituto Federal do Rio de Janeiro. Ainda que sem um amparo institucional caracterizado pela ausência de um contrato, a cooperação academia-mercado persiste há nove anos na instituição. Por outro lado, esse cenário fragiliza a parceria, expõe os envolvidos a riscos jurídicos e inibe novos projetos. Assim sendo, a pesquisa tem o foco em analisar a experiência da instituição no sentido de desenvolver capacidades empreendedoras. O objetivo é realizar reflexões para subsidiar a criação de uma política de gestão da inovação para o IFRJ.  A pesquisa expõe a importância do Marco Legal da Inovação para a promoção de segurança jurídica a trabalhos de cooperação academia-mercado. Discute a respeito do papel dos Institutos Federais com a pesquisa aplicada, o desenvolvimento socioeconômico e a interação com o mercado. Além disso, apresenta que o contexto no IFRJ é favorável para o desenvolvimento de capacidades empreendedoras ao considerar o interesse da alta administração. Mas há dificuldades ao ponderar a existência de uma cultura dominante contra a entrada de capital privado na instituição e o desconhecimento da comunidade sobre incentivos legais.
TÜRKİYE’DEKİ BANKACILIK SEKTÖRÜ, SANAYİ GELİŞİMİ VE EKONOMİK BÜYÜME ARASINDAKİ İLİŞKİNİN VAR ANALİZİ İLE İNCELENMESİ
Authors: KALKAVAN Hakan , ETİ Serkan , YÜKSEL Serhat
Published: May 2020

Bu çalışmanın amacı, Türkiye’deki ekonomik
büyüme, bankacılık sektörü ve sanayi üretimi arasındaki karşılıklı ilişkinin
belirlenmesidir. Bu çerçevede, 1980-2018 dönem aralığındaki yıllık veriler
Vektör Otoregresyon (VAR) modeliyle test edilmiştir. Elde edilen sonuçlara
göre, ekonomik büyüme ve banka kredileri arasında karşılıklı bir ilişki olduğu
tespit edilmiştir. Ekonomik büyümenin azalmasının bir sonraki dönemde banka
kredileri üzerinde artırıcı bir etki yaratacağı belirlenmiştir. Buna paralel
olarak, banka kredilerinin de bir dönem sonraki ekonomik büyümeyi pozitif yönde
etkilediği görülmektedir. Söz konusu bulgular dikkate alındığında, uzun vadeli
ve sürdürülebilir ekonomi için bankacılık sektörünün etkin bir şekilde
faaliyetini sürdürebilmesi oldukça önemlidir. Diğer taraftan, bankaların kredi
verirken müşterilerinin kredibilite analizini doğru bir şekilde yaparak
müşterilerin risk profillerini belirleyebilmesi gerekmektedir. Bu bağlamda,
bankacılık sektörüne yönelik yapılacak yasal düzenlemeler önemli rol
oynamaktadır. Söz konusu düzenlemeler ile hem bankacılık sektörünün
etkinliğinin artırılması hem de bankaların arışı risk almasını önüne geçilmesi
gerekmektedir.
FORDİZMDEN POST-FORDİZME GEÇİŞ SÜRECİNDE KURUMSALCILIĞIN ÖRGÜTLER ÜZERİNDEKİ ETKİSİ
Authors: FEDAİ Recep
Published: May 2020

Kamu örgütlerinde yaşanan reformlar üzerinden örgütlerin (cumhurbaşkanlığı, bakanlık, üst kurul, vb.) yapısal ve işlevsel dönüşümleri konulu çalışmalar giderek artmaktadır. Yeni anayasa hazırlıkları, rejim değişiklikleri veya sistem tartışmaları üzerinden kamu yönetimi bir bütün hainde etkilenmekte merkezi bir örgütün taşradaki örgütlenmesine varıncaya kadar önemli kurumsal değişiklikler yaşanmaktadır. Diğer yandan yaşanan bu kurumsal değişiklik örgütün fonksiyonel açıdan nasıl bir işlerlik kazandığını da tartışmaya açmaktadır. Kamu yönetimi çalışmaları çerçevesinde kurum ve kurumsallaşma gibi kuramsal çalışmalar giderek artan bir önem kazanmaktadır. Dolayısıyla kamu örgütlerinde başta kurumsallaşma çabaları ve kurum kültürünün kazanılması onu daha sonra gerçekleşecek reformlar açısından incelenmeye değer hale getirmektedir. Bu çalışmada ise bir örgütün kurum kimliğini açıklamaya yönelik teorik yaklaşımlar ele alınmaktadır. Örgüt kuramlarından biri olan ve eski kuramların devamı niteliğini taşıyan “yeni kurumsalcılık” da bunlardan bir tanesidir. Örgütlerin çevreden bağımsız olamayacağı; kültür, inanç ve gelenek gibi yapılardan etkileneceğini varsayan yaklaşım, sürekliliğin nasıl sağlanacağını açıklamaktadır. Örgütlerin birbirine benzemesi ve birbirlerini taklit etmesi düşüncesi standartlaşmanın bir sonucu olarak ifade edilebilir. Yeni olarak ifade edilen ön ek ise kuramların işlevselliğine farklı bir tarzda yaklaşıldığını göstermektedir. Bu çalışmada ise kurumsalcı ve yeni kurumsalcı yaklaşım; klasik, neo-klasik iktisadi görüş çerçevesinde örgütlerin değişimi ve yönetimde insan unsuru üzerinden ele alınacaktır. Fordizmden post-fordizme geçiş sürecinde kurumsalcılığın örgütler üzerindeki etkisi boş zaman, alet kullanımı ve makineleşme gibi kavramlar üzerinden değerlendirilecektir.
Sand Provenance from Source to Sink in the Santa Monica Basin, California Borderlands: Significance of Calleguas Creek Input
Authors: Van Grinsven Matthew , Marsaglia Kathleen M. , Romans Brian W.
Published: May 2020

Thorough and accurate models of modern sand sources to the Santa Monica Basin, offshore southern California, are needed to facilitate the interpretation of sediment supply to the Hueneme–Mugu Fan, the largest submarine fan within the basin. Bathymetry and near-seafloor seismic-reflection isopach mapping of basin fill indicate that dominant sources of sand are canyons/channels that enter the basin from the northwest, which are likely fed via longshore drift by the Santa Clara River and Calleguas Creek. Sand within Calleguas Creek varies in composition across its drainage basin, ranging from more quartzofeldspathic in the northeast to more volcaniclastic in the southwest, ultimately producing sand with a compositional fingerprint distinct from that of the Santa Clara River and Santa Monica Mountains. The abundance of volcanic material and lack of metamorphic grains in downstream Calleguas Creek sand stand in stark contrast to the Santa Clara River’s relatively abundant metamorphic lithic fragments. In addition, Calleguas Creek sand can be further differentiated from sand derived from both the Santa Clara River and Santa Monica Mountains because both of these other sources have much higher proportions of plagioclase. The composition of late Pleistocene (<60 ka) sandy turbidites at Ocean Drilling Program Site 1015 on the distal Hueneme–Mugu submarine fan validates Calleguas Creek’s contribution of sandy sediment to this site in the Santa Monica Basin: out of 14 samples, four samples show compositions similar to the Santa Clara River sand, whereas five are similar to Calleguas Creek sand, and six exhibit mixed compositions. There is no indication of input to this distal environment from the southern Santa Monica Mountains. Trends in sand composition within the Santa Monica Basin can be related to alternating and/or mixing of sediment sources, possibly related to sea-level change, as well as frequency of floods/storms, earthquakes, and other destabilizing processes affecting offshore shelf-to-slope regions.
Hierarchical Organization and Spatial Variations of Lobes in Distributive Submarine Fans: Outcrop Study of the Point Loma Formation, California, USA
Authors: Pyles David R. , Fleming Alexandra E.P. , Anderson Donna S.
Published: May 2020

This article uses measurements from outcrops of the Point Loma Formation to define the hierarchical organization of a distributive submarine fan and spatial changes in its constituent parts. A four-tier hierarchy for lobes is documented: bed, element, complex, and system. Across each hierarchical tier, there is an increase in size, duration of deposition, number of cross-cutting relationships, number of superposed stratal units, and degree of compensational stacking. Lobe elements contain systematic axis-to-margin and longitudinal decreases in amalgamation ratio, erosion, net sand content, proportions of sand-rich facies, and maximum grain size, with the exception of shale clasts in fringe position. The cross-sectional aspect ratios of lobe elements in the Point Loma are ~1000, a similar value to those measured in other systems, although aspect ratios are slightly higher at the distal reaches of lobe elements than in proximal locations. The key longitudinal patterns in lobe complexes are decreases in proportion of sand-rich facies, maximum grain size, amalgamation ratio of elements, net sand content, and amount of interelement erosion and a longitudinal increase in the degree of the amount of compensational stacking. Lobe complexes stack laterally and progradationally to build a lobe system.
Initial Observations and Preliminary Interpretations From Telepresence‐Enabled Exploration of the Southern California Borderland, USA
Authors: Bell Katherine L.C. , Cormier Marie-Helene , Brennan Michael L. , Legg Mark , Conrad James E. , Castillo Chris M. , Raineault Nicole A. , Lubetkin Megan , Marlow Jeffrey , Caldow Chris , Kane Renato
Published: May 2020

Much about the offshore California Continental Borderland remains unknown, despite its location off the most populated area of the west coast of North America, vital importance to US interests, and potential for seismic and tsunamigenic hazards. In 2015 and 2016, Exploration Vessel (E/V) Nautilus of the Ocean Exploration Trust undertook a series of seven expeditions in that region. During those cruises, we acquired 13,075 km2 of multibeam bathymetric data, performed 58 dives with remotely operated vehicles (ROV) Hercules and Argus, totaling 500+ hours underwater (1000+ hours of video), and collected 532 geological and biological samples across this 200-km-wide, tectonically active region. Because Nautilus is equipped with state-of-the-art telepresence technology, numerous scientists based on shore actively participated in these expeditions in real time. Here, we describe the data acquired during these expeditions and present some very preliminary results. The digital data and physical samples are accessible to the scientific community via online request systems.
Milankovitch Stratigraphy in the Miocene‐Pleistocene Marine Succession of Offshore Central California
Authors: Hill Pamela S. , Behl Richard J.
Published: May 2020

The Miocene Monterey Formation and related hemipelagic sedimentary deposits of the central California margin display pronounced lithologic cycles on scales from millimeters to tens of meters in thickness. We demonstrate the significant influence of Milankovitch cyclicity from eccentricity to precession timescales on the Upper Miocene to Pleistocene stratigraphy of the distal central California margin and proximal offshore Santa Maria Basin and its usefulness as a refined dating and correlation tool.

The absence or discontinuous occurrence of useful microfossils in many Upper Neogene to Lower Pleistocene, onshore and offshore successions of the Monterey and Sisquoc formations inhibits the development of high-resolution, quantitative age models; however, such age models are critical to understanding the rates of geochemical fluxes recorded by these deposits. We applied astrochronology to the gamma-ray wireline logs of the Ocean Drilling Program (ODP) Hole 1016A, 150 km offshore, to develop a refined age-depth scale (5.8 to 1.2 Ma), to correlate patterns of sedimentary successions to other more proximal wells in the offshore Santa Maria Basin, to refine sedimentation and mass accumulation rates, to show geographic trends in sedimentation rates along the paleomargin from 5.2 to 4.8 Ma, to identify potential previously unknown productivity events, and to suggest possible refinements to age estimates of Late Neogene radiolaria of the central California margin.

This project demonstrates that astrochronology can be a valuable approach to refine dating of hemipelagic successions along the California margin and for more accurate chronostratigraphic correlation of facies that may change laterally across or between basins.
High‐Resolution Large Area Scanning Electron Microscopy: An Imaging Tool for Porosity and Diagenesis of Carbonate Rock Systems
Authors: Buckman Jim , Charalampidou Elma , Zihms Stephanie , Lewis Helen , Corbett Patrick , Couples Gary , Jiang Zeyun , Huang Tianshen
Published: May 2020

Automated scanning electron microscopy image collection from geological polished thin sections, in conjunction with autonomous stitching, can be used to construct high-resolution (micron- to submicron-resolution) image montages over areas up to several square centimeters. The technique is here applied to an oolitic limestone and a carbonate laminite to illustrate its application as a tool to study carbonate porosity and diagenesis. Montages constructed from backscattered images are ideally suited to the extraction of data on microporosity, with possibilities including the construction of contoured maps to illustrate the spatial variation in porosity; the construction of porosity logs to illustrate trends in porosity across thin sections; and stochastic construction of digital rock models, for subsequent permeability calculation. Montages taken with a gaseous secondary electron detector in low-vacuum mode can utilize charge contrast imaging (CCI) at a variety of scales and were used here in examining the evolution of carbonate cementation. One example is oolitic limestone, illustrating the formation of grain-lining and pore-occluding cements, as well as recrystallization of the depositional fabric. CCI montages commonly suffer from a variety of contrast and brightness artifacts due to variation in charge distribution across the individual scanned image tiles. Several remedies are discussed that can reduce these artifacts, making it easier to apply image analysis techniques across such montages.
Porosity In Microbial Carbonate Reservoirs in the Middle Triassic Leikoupo Formation (Anisian Stage), Sichuan Basin, China
Authors: Song Jinmin , Liu Shugen , Li Zhiwu , Yang Di , Sun Wei , Lin Tong , Wang Hao , Yu Yongqiang , Long Yi , Luo Ping
Published: May 2020

Microbial carbonates developed in the Middle Triassic (Leikoupo Formation, Anisian Stage) of the western Sichuan Basin. The microbial components have been identified and include Renaclis-resembling, Rivularia lissaviensis, Carpathocodium anae, Hedstroemia moldavica, Bacinellacodium calcareus, and Paraortonella getica. These form stromatolitic, laminitic, thrombolitic, spongiostromata stones, dendrolites, and oncolitic structures. Microbial carbonate reservoirs occur in submember unit (SMU) 3-3 in the Zhongba area of the northern segment and SMU 4-3 in the middle segment of the western Sichuan Basin, both of which are of low porosity and permeability. Core descriptions and thin-section analysis show that reservoir porosity is mostly microbial coelom pores, framework pores, fenestral pores, and inter- and intraclot dissolved pores, within which the pores of ≥200 μm in diameter and throat of (40~50) μm are the most important. The SMU 4-3 microbial carbonate reservoirs are more thoroughly studied because of recent exploration activities, including the identification of three reservoir intervals. The middle reservoir interval, composed of thrombolitic and stromatolitic dolostone, hosts the reservoir of best quality. However, this high-quality interval loses effective porosity and thins to the northeast. It is proposed that extreme geological conditions, dolomitization, and burial dissolution influenced the development and distribution of the microbial carbonate reservoirs. The dolomitization process is thought to be penecontemporaneous to very early postdeposition. This early dolomitization contributed significantly to porosity of the microbial carbonate reservoirs and was likely enhanced through burial dissolution.
Porosity Distribution and Evolution in Pleistocene Reefal Limestone: Implications For Scale‐Dependent Fluid Flow
Authors: Diaz Viviana D. , McNeill Donald F. , Goodin Robert C. , Klaus James S.
Published: May 2020

The measurement of porosity and permeability in shallow-water carbonates is often complicated by the nature and degree of diagenesis, as well as the issue of scale-dependence in the measurement technique. Vertical profiles of hydraulic conductivity were calculated from short-interval straddle-packer injection tests in a three-well transect across the Pleistocene reefal limestone of the southern Dominican Republic (DR). Combined with whole-core porosity estimates and small-diameter (2.54 cm) plug estimates of matrix porosity and permeability, these data provide a means of assessing the scale-dependent petrophysical variability within a complex carbonate pore system, as well as the primary factors that control flow within such a system. Interval permeability values (converted from hydraulic conductivity) based on in situ injection tests ranged between 5 and 25 Darcy (D) (12.2 D geometric mean), up to three orders of magnitude higher than associated plug permeability values (0.08 D geometric mean). Although plug permeability is related to depositional environment (backreef, reef crest, forereef), injection tests did not show a relation to environment. Furthermore, interval permeabilities showed no relation to “matrix” (plug-based) porosity or permeability values. Interval injection permeability was correlated to “total” (whole-core) porosity and, even more so to larger scale “vuggy” (>~5 mm) porosity, quantified by subtracting the plug-based “matrix” porosity from the whole-core “total” porosity. The differences in permeability between plug and interval injection tests for these vuggy carbonates becomes greater over time, since cementation occludes matrix porosity and dissolution opens up larger molds and vugs, especially corals and other large aragonitic grains. The in situ interval permeability values measured in the DR reefal carbonates provide better values (than plug or core) of the impact of early meteoric diagenesis. These results confirm early development of vuggy intervals that can have permeability that is orders of magnitude greater than measured plug permeabilities. A touching-vug pore system shifts the scale dependence of hydraulic conductivity from the plug scale to the packer (bed) scale and probably toward the regional scale.
Sweet Spot and Porosity Development in an Unconventional Source Rock Play
Authors: Pierre Aurelien O.E. , Mageau Kevin , Miller Patrick , Cox Andrea (Annie) , Shelby-James Aaron , Branter Tara
Published: May 2020

Diligent reservoir characterization is the key to successful production in most unconventional plays. Unconventional resource plays require one to adapt to the scale of observation (1 nm to 1 μm) and to use special imagery techniques (e.g., scanning electron microscope [SEM], ion-milled SEM) to characterize the nature and classes of the pore system. For the Duvernay Formation, a quantitative approach to porosity typing and measurement was conducted on two- and three-dimensional focused ion beam SEM images. These images showed that between 69% and 85% of the porosity is kerogen porosity, with an average of 75% for the studied wells. It is important to recognize that although organic porosity is also developed in the less mature wells, the biggest pores were found in the most mature areas. These results indicate that there is a positive correlation between liquid yield and pore size, as well as a positive correlation between thermal maturity and pore size. The pore volume and/or the number of accessible pores increase (i.e., hydrocarbon in the pore volume and, thus, permeability) following the same trend as the mean pore size. It is concluded that the matrix porosity and, more importantly, the matrix permeability are primarily the result of thermal maturation of the kerogen. These results were not observed in previous studies due to an erroneous estimation of maturity using vitrinite reflectance, or a lack of appropriate diversity and quality of samples collected throughout the maturation phase windows to obtain statistically representative results. Subsurface data (wells, seismic), outcrop work from literature, and public domain production data from the West Shale Basin were integrated at the regional scale with this nanoscale pore-system characterization to define the hydrocarbon production potential of the Duvernay Formation.
Giant uterine leiomyoma in a pregnant woman – case study and review of literature
Authors: Kadelska Kinga , Sokołowska Małgorzata , Kwiatkowski Sebastian , Lebdowicz-Knul Joanna , Mikołajek-Bedner Wioletta , Al-Heib Yousef , Torbé Andrzej
Published: May 2020

The case of successful pregnancy outcome in a 39-year-old nulligravida with an enormous leiomyoma is presented. At 16th week of gestation patient began to complain of dyspnoea and abdominal pain. Due to rapid growth, high vascularization, worsening pain, respiratory symptoms and limited conditions for foetal development, surgery was taken. Repeat sonography was performed at the 20th week and normal fetal development consistent with a 2nd trimester pregnancy was observed. Singular fibroids 1–5 cm in diameter were visualized and no tumor growth was noted when compared with subsequent ultrasound studies. At the 39th week, the patient was referred to the hospital for preparations towards elective cesarean section due to a breech presentation. During the planned cesarean section, numerous subscapular fibroids were observed which were left without intervention. The patient delivered a live female neonate, in a good condition, weighting 3280 g. There were no complications during the surgery and the postpartum period.
Effect of TO901317 on promoting the differentiation of human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells into dopamine neurons on Parkinson's disease
Authors: Li Miaomiao , Yang Junqing , Cheng Oumei , Peng Zhe , Luo Yin , Ran Dongzhi , Yang Yang , Xiang Pu , Huang Haifeng , Tan Xiaodan , Wang Hong
Published: May 2020

Background: Stem cells from different sources could differentiate into dopamine-producing cells and ameliorate behavioral deficits in Parkinson's disease (PD) models. Especially, human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (hBMSCs) have many advantages without ethical dispute. Liver X receptors (LXRs) are involved in the maintenance of the normal function of the central nervous system myelin. The previous work of our team have reported the induction of cocktail-induced da phenotypes from adult rat BMSCs by using sonic hedgehog (SHH), fibroblast growth factor 8 (FGF8), basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) and TO901317 (agonist of LXRs) with 87.42% of efficiency in 6 days of period of induction. But it did not verify whether the induced cells had the corresponding neural function. Methods: The present study was to investigate the effect of TO901317 on the differentiation of hBMSCs into dopaminergic (DA) neurons. In vitro, the cells were divided into control group, GF group and LXR+GF group. Neuronal markers (Tuj1, Neun and Nestin) and DA neuron markers (tyrosine hydroxylase, TH) were detected to explore the optimal concentration, optimal addition time and optimal induction time of TO901317 to promote hBMSCs differentiation. Determine induced cells’ DA neuron properties by detecting dopamine release. To clarify its underlying mechanisms, the expressions of LXRa, LXRb and ABCA1 were detected. In vivo, male Sprague Dawley (SD) rats were divided into control group, 6-OHDA group (model group) and 6-OHDA+Cells group (cell transplantation group) to observe whether cell transplantation had a therapeutic effect on PD. Results: TO901317 significantly enhanced the differentiation of hBMSCs into DA neurons. Compared to control group and GF group, only the LXR+GF group released dopamine by the result of enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Compared with the control group and GF group, the optimal time for differentiation of hBMSCs treated by 0.5mM TO901317 combined with GF was six days in LXR+GF group. And the maximum induction efficiency of differentiation of hBMSCs into DA neurons was 91.67% in LXR+GF group. After the long-term use of TO901317, LXRα and LXRβ decreased significantly, and ABCA1mRNA increased significantly in LXR+GF group. After induced-cells were transplanted into PD rats, Compared with 6-OHDA group, the expression of TH in the striatum increased significantly, and the behavior of PD rats induced by apomorphine was significantly improved in the 6-OHDA+Cells group.Conclusions: TO901317 promoted differentiation of hBMSCs into DA neurons may be related to activation of LXR-ABCA1 signaling pathway. These data suggested that TO901317 may serve as a potential therapeutic methods for PD.
Estimating the serial interval of the novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19): A statistical analysis using the public data in Hong Kong from January 16 to February 15, 2020
Authors: Zhao Shi , Gao Daozhou , Zhuang Zian , Chong Marc KC , Cai Yongli , Ran Jinjun , Cao Peihua , Wang Kai , Lou Yijun , Wang Weiming , Yang Lin , He Daihai , Wang Maggie H
Published: May 2020

Background: The emerging virus, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), has caused a large outbreak of novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) in Wuhan, China since December 2019. As of February 15, there were 56 COVID-19 cases confirmed in Hong Kong since the first case with symptom onset on January 23, 2020. Methods: Based on the publicly available surveillance data, we identified 21 transmission events, which occurred in Hong Kong, and had primary cases known, as of February 15, 2020. An interval censored likelihood framework is adopted to fit three different distributions, Gamma, Weibull and lognormal, that govern the SI of COVID-19. We selection the distribution according to the Akaike information criterion corrected for small sample size (AICc). Findings: We found the Lognormal distribution performed lightly better than the other two distributions in terms of the AICc. Assuming a Lognormal distribution model, we estimated the mean of SI at 4.9 days (95%CI: 3.6−6.2) and SD of SI at 4.4 days (95%CI: 2.9−8.3) by using the information of all 21 transmission events in Hong Kong. Conclusion: The SI of COVID-19 may be shorter than the preliminary estimates in previous works. Given the likelihood that SI could be shorter than the incubation period, pre-symptomatic transmission may occur, and extra efforts on timely contact tracing and quarantine are crucially needed in combating the COVID-19 outbreak.
Is there a correlation between vestibular depth and shrinkage of free gingival graft: A descriptive-correlational study
Authors: Jalali Mahsa , Saeedi Moein , Mohammadi Mohammad , Ranjbar Hadi , Solghar Mohadeseh Arab
Published: May 2020

Background: The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the correlation of vestibular depth (VD) with Free Gingival Graft (FGG) dimensional shrinkage.Methods: This study was a descriptive-correlational study which was performed on twenty patients with insufficient attached gingiva width (AGW). Under local anesthesia, a partial thickness bed with sub-marginal incision was created. An FGG was prepared from the palate and sutured to the prepared bed. Clinical parameters including VD, probing depth (PD), keratinized gingiva width (KGW), AGW, vertical graft dimension (VGD), horizontal graft dimension (HGD) and graft area (GA) were evaluated preoperatively and after one, three, and six months postoperatively. The distribution of data was normal. Repeated measures ANOVA, Repeated measures with covariance, Pearson correlation coefficient and linear regression were performed to analyze the data.Results: One patient was excluded from the study, therefore, the obtained data of 19 remaining patients were analyzed. Six months after FGG surgery, AGW and KGW raised to 6.15±1.01 mm and 7.55±1.1 mm, which were statistically significant (p <0.001). The shrinkage rate of HGD, VGD, and GA were 13%, 34%, 42% respectively after 6 months. The VD was increased 2.05 mm compared to baseline which was statistically significant (p<0.01). Pearson correlation coefficient showed that there was a statistically significant correlation between VGD shrinkage (r=-0.614, p=0.005) and GA shrinkage (r=-0.476, p=0.039) with VD. The correlation of Horizontal shrinkage with VD was not statistically significant (r=0.065, p=0.792).Conclusions: It was concluded that the shrinkage of FGG was influenced by VD and a negative moderate correlation was existed between VD and shrinkage of VGD and GA. Trial registration: This study was retrospectively registered by Iranian Registry of Clinical Trials (IRCT) with the number: IRCT20101204005305N18. Registered 22 September 2019. https://irct.ir/trial/41736
Visualization analysis of the characteristics of COVID-19 clinical trials
Authors: Cai Xiaoqiong , Zheng Zengliang , Huang Jihan , Su Qianmin
Published: May 2020

Background As a highly contagious disease, COVID-19 is raging on and is faced by every human being. Clinical trials are one of the most important means of investigating treatments for COVID-19, and their effective implementations may address the massive spread of the pandemic. As clinical trials continue to be conducted, the inability to view large amounts of data at a glance becomes a problem for many researchers. In order to provide reference and assistance for clinical trial design, this study collected and analyzed the current COVID-19 clinical trial registration data from multiple sources, and subsequently discussed their research status and developmental trend. Method The registered data of COVID-19 clinical trials were gathered from the ChiCTR and ClinicalTrials.gov website, which were transformed by Python and further demonstrated by Apache ECharts. Results As of March 28, 2020, records of 677 eligible registered trials had been retrieved. Overall, there are 407 (60.12%) interventional studies and 270 (39.12%) observational studies; 522 (77.10%) trials were conducted by hospitals; 53.32% of trials would be completed within six months; 523 (77.25%) subjects in trials were confirmed cases. Among interventional studies, 70.27% of the trials were randomized parallel studies; 55 (13.51%) trials considered time condition for clinical recovery as the primary endpoint, and 46 (11.30%) trials through clinical parameters and laboratory index as the primary endpoint. In the selection of intervention measures, chemical or biological agents constituted 43.49%, of which antiviral ones accounted for 14.50%, and antimalarials accounted for 8.85%, and 98 (24.14%) cases of studies involving TCM or integrated medicine. In addition, this study further analyzed antiviral drugs and explored possibilities of using combined drugs. Although a large number of clinical trials are already underway, interim research data will be helpful for future trial design and drug selection. Conclusions By compiling representative information of topical COVID-19 clinical trial registration, this study complements and enhances the effects of future researchers' trial designs.
Patient Safety Culture and Spiritual Health in the Operating Room: A Qualitative Study
Authors: mousavi Elahe , Imani Behzad
Published: May 2020

Background The concept of patient safety is an essential component of health care systems and is one of the key pillars of quality in health care organizations. One of the most important factors related to the safety of patients is the spiritual health of staff and patients. Accordingly, this study strived to explain the status of patient safety culture and its relationship with spiritual health from the perspective of health care providers in teaching hospitals of Hamadan.Methods This study was a qualitative content analysis study with a conventional approach using semi-structured open-ended interviews with samples selected by purposeful sampling technique to achieve data saturation. The proposed method of Granheim and Landman (2004) was also used for the qualitative content analysis of the data.Results In this study, 5 themes and 11 sub-themes were obtained from the participants' experiences. These included: continuous and dynamic training and upgrading of safety skills, attention to spirituality and conscientiousness and work commitment, effective communication and teamwork, equipping human and logistical resources based on the principle of care, accurate recognition of instructions, and error control.Conclusions The evaluation of safety culture clarifies the perceptions of safety participants in the organization and the attitude of managers and employees towards safety issue which can lead to the development of safety culture and quality improvement.
The clinicopathological features of submucosal invasive non-ampullary duodenal carcinoma
Authors: Matsueda Katsunori , Kanzaki Hiromitsu , Takenaka Ryuta , Nakagawa Masahiro , Matsueda Kazuhiro , Iwamuro Masaya , Kawano Seiji , Kawahara Yoshiro , Toji Tomohiro , Tanaka Takehiro , Yagi Takahito , Fujiwara Toshiyoshi , Okada Hiroyuki
Published: May 2020

Background

Little is known about submucosal invasive non-ampullary duodenal carcinoma because of its extreme rarity, so we investigated the clinicopathological features, comparing submucosal invasive carcinoma (SM-Ca) with mucosal carcinoma (M-Ca) and advanced carcinoma (Ad-Ca).
Methods

We retrospectively analyzed 165 sporadic non-ampullary duodenal carcinomas (SNADCs) at 4 institutions between January 2003 and December 2018. In addition, we compared the mucin phenotype between SM-Ca and M-Ca.
Results

There were only 11 cases (7%) of SM-Ca, while there were 70 cases of M-Ca (42%) and 84 cases of Ad-Ca (51%). Although the distribution of M-Ca was almost equal between the oral and anal sides of the papilla of Vater, all SM-Ca was located on the oral-Vater (P = 0.013) and Ad-Ca tended to be located on the oral-Vater (P = 0.020). Mixed macroscopic type was more frequent in SM-Ca than in M-Ca (64% vs. 10%, P < 0.001). There was no significant difference in tumor diameter between M-Ca and SM-Ca, but 45% of SM-Ca were ≤ 10 mm. 73% (8/11) of SM-Ca were classified as gastric phenotype and no lesions were intestinal phenotype, whereas most M-Ca were intestinal phenotype (67%, 8/12).
Conclusions

SM-Ca was highly associated with tumor location (oral-Vater) and gastric mucin phenotype, different from M-Ca. The possibility of SM-Ca should be considered when superficial SNADCs are located on oral-Vater and have mixed macroscopic type even if tumor diameters are ≤ 10 mm.
Adequate Dosage of Norepinephrine Infusion Combined with Goal-Directed Fluid Therapy During General Anesthesia May Improve Elderly Patients’ Postoperative Outcome Undergoing Lumbar Spinal Fusion
Authors: Wu Fan , Liang Tao , Wu Jie , Xiao Wei , Fan Long , Fu Huiqun , Ma Yanhui , Wang Tianlong
Published: May 2020

Background: Norepinephrine is used to prevent anesthesia-related disorders in elderly patients. However, optimal dosage that improve the postoperative outcome undergone lumbar spinal fusion is unknown.Methods: A total of 108 elderly patients were randomized into three groups of norepinephrine infusion as 0.030 µg.kg− 1.min− 1, 0.060 µg.kg− 1.min− 1 and 0.090 µg.kg− 1.min− 1. The hemodynamics and related parameters were monitored at the entrance to the operation room (T0), 15 min following anesthesia induction (T1), 60 min after surgical incision (T2), and immediately after surgery (T3), respectively. The primary outcome was set as the incidence of postoperative complications and wound infections. The secondary outcomes were recorded by the incidence of nausea and vomiting, the time of first flatus, first ambulation, first intake and postoperative hospital stay.Results: Finally, 90 patients were recruited into the clinical trial, with 30 in each group. The incidence of delayed wound healing and infection were increase with the dose of 0.030 µg.kg− 1.min− 1 compared to others (0.030 µg.kg− 1.min− 1 vs. 0.060 µg.kg− 1.min− 1 vs. 0.090 µg.kg− 1.min− 1: 33.3% vs. 10% vs. 10%, P = 0.024; 26.7% vs. 6.7% vs. 6.7%, P = 0.031). Intraoperative total fluid volume and crystalloids, colloids volume in 0.030 µg.kg− 1.min− 1 group were significantly higher than 0.060 and 0.090µg·kg− 1·min− 1. The incidence of intraoperative hypotension effectively decreased in 0.060µg·kg− 1·min− 1 and 0.090µg·kg− 1·min− 1 compared to 0.030µg·kg− 1·min− 1(6.7%vs33.3%, P = 0.01, 3.3% vs. 33.3%, P = 0.003).The frequency of bradycardia in 0.090 µg.kg− 1.min− 1 group’s patients was significantly higher than that in the dosage 0.030 µg.kg− 1.min− 1 group (3%vs26%, P = 0.026) and 0.060 µg.kg− 1.min− 1 group (3% vs. 6.7%, P = 0.038). Patients with 0.060 µg.kg− 1.min− 1 had earlier first intaking by 1.4 hours and first flatus by 1.1 hours. Overall, Postoperative hospital stay was reduced by around 1 day in the 0.060 µg.kg− 1.min− 1 and 0.090 µg.kg− 1.min− 1 group among three groups (6.0 vs. 6.2 vs. 7.1days, P = 0.066).Conclusion: The 0.060 µg·kg− 1·min− 1 dosage of norepinephrine infusion combined with goal-directed fluid therapy can improve the elderly patients’ postoperative outcome and accelerate their rehabilitation process.Clinical Trial Registration: Identifier ChiCTR-1900021309, Registration date: September 19, 2018; www.chictr.org.cn.
Oxidized low-density lipoprotein enhances Orai3 expression levels to increase proliferation of human lens epithelial cells
Authors: Zhang Ru , Bai Suwen , Fang Yang , Zhou Zhixin , Chen Linghui , Du Juan , Shen Bing , Wang Yong
Published: May 2020

Background

Serum lipid levels, especially of oxidized low-density lipoprotein (oxLDL), are related to the development of cataracts, but the mechanisms underlying the role of oxLDL in cataract development in human lens epithelial cells (HLEpiCs) remain unclear. Calcium (Ca2+) overload is also known to be involved in lens turbidity. Store-operated Ca2+ entry (SOCE) is an important pathway mediating Ca2+ influx in lens epithelial cells. The Orai family proteins, which form a type of SOCE channel, localize at the plasma membrane and control Ca2+ influx in response to the depletion of Ca2+ stores in the endoplasmic reticulum.
Methods

In the present study, we used RNA sequencing, western blot analyses, cell proliferation assays, Ca2+ measurements, and small interfering (si)RNA transfections to investigate the effects of oxLDL on SOCE and proliferation of human lens epithelial cells (HLEpiCs).
Results

The key findings of our study that suggest this conclusion are that (1) oxLDL enhances the expression levels of Orai3, but not Orai1 or Orai2, in HLEpiCs in vitro; (2) oxLDL significantly increases the proliferation of HLEpiCs in a concentration-dependent manner; (3) oxLDL significantly increases ATP-induced SOCE without affecting Ca2+ release in HLEpiCs; and (4) knockdown of Orai3 significantly reduces cell proliferation and ATP-induced SOCE in HLEpiCs.
Conclusions

These findings suggest that Ca2+ signaling altered by overexpression of Orai3 may be a mechanism whereby oxLDL increases HLEpiC proliferation to contribute to the development of cataract. Thus, Orai3 may be a target warranting development for the treatment of cataract associated with obesity or hyperlipidemia.