bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
B mode ultrasonography and elastography in the evaluation of the pectineus muscle in dogs with hip dysplasia
Authors: ROSSIGNOLI Pedro Paulo , FELICIANO Marcus Antônio Rossi , MINTO Bruno Watanabe , MARONEZI Marjury Cristina , USCATEGUI Ricardo Andres Ramirez , IDO Cléber Kazuo , ROLEMBERG Daniele Santos , FARIA Luís Guilherme de , DA CRUZ Igor Cezar Kniphoff , AIRES Luiz Paulo Nogueira
Published: July 2020

The goal of this study was to describe and compare B mode and elastographic characteristics of the pectineus muscle of healthy dogs with dysplastic dogs. Thirty-one dogs (62 limbs) with hip dysplasia and 17 nondysplastic dogs (34 limbs) were evaluated. The hip dysplasia score was defined according to the Fédération Cynologique Internationale. Using B mode, echotexture and echogenicity of different regions of the pectineus muscle were evaluated. By means of ARFI elastography, qualitative (elastogram) and quantitative (shear wave velocity) tissue stiffness was assessed. B mode findings demonstrated a hyperechoic and heterogeneous pattern of the pectineus tissue in dogs with hip dysplasia, with compromised muscular delimitation and loss of its normal sonographic appearance, indicating the disease (P < 0.001). In the elastogram, it was observed that dogs with hip dysplasia showed less deformable pectineus muscle, with red colors (rigid). In quantitative evaluation, the different regions evaluated presented similar shear wave velocities; in dysplastic patients, shear wave velocities were higher compared to nondysplastic animals, with values higher than 2.85 m/s being strong indicators of the disease. Values of shear wave velocity were also influenced by the grade of dysplasia and age of the patients; however, there was no correlation with the depth of the evaluated area or body weight. It was concluded that pectineus muscle in dogs with hip dysplasia presents B mode and elastographic changes when compared to normal animals, demonstrating that these techniques might aid the evaluation of diseased dogs.
Des « milieux vibratoires » pour la géographie : résoudre l’impasse du dualisme occidental
Authors: Blais René
Published: July 2020

La géographie doit dépasser son mode de connaissance dualiste reposant sur l’opposition sujet-objet qui fait abstraction de la participation de tout individu au réel. Le langage des géographes est le premier problème. Celui-ci est à fondement visuel et par essence statique. Les travaux de géographes tels Éric Dardel, Luc Bureau, Augustin Berque ont cherché à contourner ce problème en créant des néologismes qui veulent dire l’en-même-temps ontologique des deux pôles qui composent la relation. Comment donc dire et penser les rapports homme/milieu ou société/ milieu ? Un langage vibratoire offre une perspective nouvelle. Et il pourrait s’inspirer des travaux précurseurs de Gilles Deleuze et Félix Guattari (1980) en philosophie qui, déjà, montraient la voie.
Pour une esthétique mésologique : les humanismes environnementaux en question
Authors: Da Silva Lira Lenice
Published: July 2020

Cet article constitue une réflexion sur la mésologie et son domaine esthétique. L’expérience esthétique apparaît comme un élément important dans la constitution des milieux humains et dans la production des spatialités et sociabilités. L’approche mésologique permet un autre regard sur les problématiques environnementales qui affectent nos paysages contemporains. Nous envisageons également de démontrer la validité d’une esthétique mésologique dans le contexte des recherches actuelles.
Les imaginaires écologiques des ruines romantiques et post-apocalyptiques : représenter le sauvage et la pollution contre l’artificialisation moderne
Authors: Wadbled Nathanaël
Published: July 2020

Les représentations romantiques puis post-apocalyptiques des ruines sont des objets privilégiés pour les humanités environnementales dans la mesure où ce sont des mises en scène de l’ambiguïté du rapport de la modernité à la nature. Produites au cœur de la modernité dominée par la tentative d’artificialiser le monde, ces œuvres rendent présents d’autres mondes dominés par des non-humains que sont le climat, la géologie, les végétaux et les animaux. Formellement, les œuvres les présentent dans des espaces-temps situés avant et après la modernité. Cependant, elles sont exposées aujourd’hui. Cette confrontation rend perceptible l’idée d’un conflit où la nature et la culture cherchent à se gouverner l’une l’autre. La mise en regard des représentations romantiques et post-apocalyptiques amène à considérer qu’il se joue en fait entre trois instances : à l’artificiel culturel et au sauvage naturel, il faut ajouter une autre réalité non artificielle. Elle peut être désignée comme pollution. Elle s’oppose à l’artificiel sans être une forme de nature sauvage : elle est le résultat d’une dialectique entre le sauvage et l’artificiel sans se réduire à une composition des deux. Il faut faire place à cet hybride dans notre manière d’envisager l’écologie.
Écriture et états de conscience. Processus de la connaissance médiologique
Authors: Rafele Antonio
Published: July 2020

Cet article reconstruit trois moments consécutifs de la connaissance médiologique – les circonstances, les rétrospectives et la représentation – en les présentant comme des nœuds d’un réseau de ramifications et de renvois persistants. L’écriture, vue dans ses ouvertures au regard photographique, est le lieu où se déroule une forme de conscience comprise comme une discontinuité du temps.
Displaced Supracondylar Humerus Fractures in Toddlers
Authors: Striano Brendan M. , De Mattos Camila , Ramski David E. , Flynn Kelly R. , Horn B. David
Published: July 2020

Gartland type III fracture is the most troublesome type of supracondylar humerus fracture. These injuries most often occur in school age children, but they are seen in pediatric patients of all ages. The goal of this study was to analyze toddlers with Gartland type III fractures to identify clinically significant differences compared with older children. A retrospective cohort study was conducted with 94 toddlers (<3 years) and 378 older children (3 to 12 years). Factors including demographics, mechanism of injury, additional injuries, location of trauma, pin configuration, postoperative complications, follow-up time, and compliance with the treatment plan were collected and compared. The study included 94 toddlers (59% girls, 2.11±0.64 years) and 378 older children (48% girls, 6.32±1.89 years), chosen at random, who were treated between 2000 and 2015. Among toddlers, fractures were more likely to occur at home (
P
<.001) and to be the result of suspected nonaccidental trauma (
P
<.001). Older children had more additional injuries (
P
<.001), but were no more likely to have an open fracture (
P
=.59) or a flexion-type fracture (
P
=.42). Older children were more likely to undergo open reduction (
P
=.03), whereas toddlers were more likely to be treated with a medial pin (
P
<.001). Toddlers experienced more cubitus varus (
P
<.001) and loss of reduction (
P
=.02). No difference was found in length of follow-up (
P
=.83) or compliance with the treatment plan (
P
=.11). This study provides novel insights into clinical differences between toddlers and older children with Gartland type III fractures. Knowledge of these differences can facilitate the delivery of targeted, age-specific care for patients with type III supracondylar humerus fractures. [
Orthopedics
. 2020;43(5);e421–e424.]
Socioeconomic Influences on Fertility Rate Fluctuations in Developed and Developing Economies
Authors: Good Kayla M. , Maticic Jr. Anthony M.
Published: July 2020

This study investigates what socioeconomic factors determine the varying fertility rates among developed and developing nations and the implications of this information. Social and economic variables are analyzed using a panel of 20 nations with annual data from 1991-2015 to determine the most sizable and significant variables that impact fertility rates. A one-way fixed effects model is utilized. This study includes an aggregate model as well as two models isolating the fertility rates of developed nations and of developing nations, in accordance with Chow-Test results. The results find that there is a divergence between the determinants of fertility rates, based upon the development level. It is clear from these results that fertility and population control issues are specific to the state of a nation's development; thus, blanket policies will not fully address the issue of excessive population growth.
Unvailing the Symbolic Meaning of Terracotta Plaques From Pilak Monastery, Tripura, India
Authors: Karmakar Ruma
Published: July 2020

Tripura, one of the smallest states of India, is very famous to the people of India because of its own hidden treasures and the atmospheric beauty of nature. Various temple architecture, stone and metal sculptures which have been scattered all over the state made her historically significant, but due to proper expose it still remains in darkness. Globalization and emergence of technology nowadays vastly helps tour lovers to choose their destinations. Observing the present scenario, in this chapter the researcher explores and introduces the richness and the hidden wealth of history of Tripura through a bird's eye view of the Pilak Monastery to the outer world.
Cultivating Magic and Nostalgia
Authors: Smith Erika Cornelius , Conrad Maryann
Published: July 2020

In 2018, the Magic Kingdom at Disney World in Florida was the world's most-visited theme park, with nearly 20.8 million visitors. The influence of Disney is only growing, as Disneyland attendance was up 2% in 2018, drawing an average of more than 51,000 people a day. This study will argue that Disney's success, in part, draws on the ability to create authentic nostalgia tourism experiences for its guests. After situating the Walt Disney Company and its experiences in the literature on cultural tourism and memorable tourism experiences (MTEs), this study will explain the significance of nostalgia tourism and offer specific examples from the Walt Disney World theme park model. This includes examples from the six Disney resorts and 12 Disney parks globally.
The Factors Leading to Entrepreneurship Trends Among Young Graduates of Hospitality
Authors: Seal Partho Pratim
Published: July 2020

Entrepreneurship in hospitality is a major contributor to the growth and development of the economy of a country. A large proportion of the hospitality businesses are small owner-operated restaurants as compared to big chains of hotels and restaurants who also have their own market share. Considering the nature and challenges faced by the hospitality entrepreneurs becomes an important issue for the researchers. Hospitality education has evolved considering the needs and thoughts of the millennials. The millennials do understand the needs and desires of the contemporary guests and have come up with strategies to present their food products and enhance service standards to stay competitive in the market. The millennial guest has, with rapid advance of technology, an enormous amount of preferences to choose from. The aim is to investigate the motivational factors which leads the young graduates to opt for entrepreneurship and the role of hospitality education to guide the students towards it.
A Neuromarketing Perspective for Assessing the Role and Impact of Typefaces on Consumer Purchase Decision
Authors: Toros Ntapiapis Nihal , Özkardeşler Çağla
Published: July 2020

Given increasing knowledge about how consumers communicate with texts, our understanding of how brain processes information remains relatively limited. Besides that, in today's world, advancing neuroscience-related technology and developments have changed the understanding of consumer behavior. In this regard, in the 1990s, consumer neuroscience and neuromarketing concepts were revealed. This new concept has brought a multi-disciplinary approach and new perceptions of human cognition and behavior. For measuring consumer behaviors through a new alternative method, research has started combining traditional marketing researches with these new methods. This chapter explores how typeface knowledge from the brain functions using neuroscience technology and the importance neurosciences methodologies have for readability research. Moreover, this chapter will evaluate how typefaces affect the purchase decision of the consumers and offer an integrative literature review.
An Evaluation by Student and Academic Affairs Professionals of Programs That Support Career Readiness and Meet Employer Expectations
Authors: Simpson Teresa E. , Wilkinson Michael R.
Published: July 2020

Higher education institutions are concerned about graduates getting good jobs because it is an outcome expected by students, it contributes to a positive image of the institution, and it can help provide accountability for institutional programs. Institutions have become more concerned with meeting students' expectations about their college experience and related career goals and facing increasing pressure to demonstrate the value of programs and services offered. Through extensive research between higher education, the Society for Human Resource Managers and employers both domestic and international are able to show that employers endorse learning outcomes for college graduates that are developed through a blend of liberal and experiential curriculum. Employers believe that colleges can best prepare graduates for long-term career success by helping them develop both a broad range of skills and knowledge and in-depth skills and knowledge in a specific field or major.
Developing Intercultural Fluency Through Co-Curricular Programs
Authors: Peck Adam , Gott Trisha C. , Frazier Terrence L.
Published: July 2020

Intercultural competency is a skill that is not only necessary to live in an increasingly diverse and inter-connected world but also one that is highly prized by employers as well. For those who design effective ways to leverage the context of co-curricular experiences to create meaningful intercultural learning, this kind of learning is not always treated with the kind of complexity it deserves. Intercultural competency may be treated in dualistic terms regarding whether students “have it” or “do not have it.” This is true of many other learning outcomes as well. Students may demonstrate vastly different levels of intercultural understanding even as they intentionally pursue improvement with regard to their skill in this area. This chapter uses Bennet's Development Model of Intercultural Sensitivity as a framework for explaining variations in cultural skill both as a means of assessing a student's competency in this area and for planning their intercultural growth as they proceed through our programs and experiences.
Building a Culture of Inclusiveness That Supports the Latinx Student
Authors: Gonzalez-Martinez Maricela
Published: July 2020

Large disparities exist in educational achievement gaps between minority student and other ethnicities. Texas state agencies, funding institutions, policymakers, and educators are strategizing to address these issues. Through retention initiatives, focused on integrating mentoring components, and grant funding, leaders hope to increase minority student retention and completion. Based on the findings from a phenomenological study of Hispanic male students at a community college in South Texas, which incorporates retentions initiatives and mentoring services, it is the author's contention that building a culture of inclusiveness can have positive effects on student success.
The 5M Approach
Authors: Blanton III Edwin L. , Garcia Migdalia
Published: July 2020

In this chapter, the authors present a multi-layered framework that can be used to guide students through intentional reflections. The 5M Approach is a model that suggests practices on how to challenge students to be culturally knowledgeable and responsible. This can be facilitated by having students look inward at self as well as outward at experiences and interactions. The 5M Approach is holistic and can be utilized as a tool in a variety of academic and experiential settings. In this chapter, the authors share how they have facilitated the stages during different student experiences such as study abroad, service-learning, peace and justice education, and more.
Jars of Light
Authors: Reneau Clint-Michael
Published: July 2020

The 21st century adult male learner lives a multidimensional life with multiple identities impacted by their notion of masculinity and manhood. Traditional notions of masculinity offer consequential stakes for college men which can impact student success and retention. This chapter presents a study designed to examine experiences of diverse undergraduate male learners as they explore the ways of knowing and make meaning of their own notions of how they experience their masculinity regulated and how their perception of other men's notion of masculinity shape their relationship with other men. Utilizing Queer Theory as a framework, educators can reimagine how masculinity impacts lives and boldly reimagine what an affirming and inclusive identity looks like for college men. This chapter will help stakeholders serve as an anchor for men willing to contest dominant ideologies surrounding masculinity while offering strategies to support male student retention through culturally inclusive practices.
Strategic and Tactical “Focused Time Learning” Design for Online Learning
Authors: Hai-Jew Shalin
Published: July 2020

The design of learning does not often emphasize on how much high-concentration “focused time” and other time learners spend on particular endeavors: reading, viewing, listening, writing, assessing, problem-solving, researching, communicating, collaborating, and others. And yet, how time is spent in purposeful learning—in assignments, fieldwork, research, collaboration, invention, co-design, and assessments—is thought to have a clear impact on the learning and the learning experience. This work explores some of the research in the area of time in learning and proposes some methods for including “focused time” design and time awareness in instructional design for online learning, particularly given the available tools for learner check-ins, time monitoring, and other tools.
Understanding Modern Learners, Technology, and Medical Education
Authors: Bartoletti Robin , Meyer Kim
Published: July 2020

Clinicians and researchers are expected to educate the next generation of clinicians with little or no formal education on effective, modern instructional design. Clinicians and researchers are left to teach in the same way they were taught many years or decades ago. Medical education must adapt to meet the demands of the Generation Y student population that would benefit from the innovative use of instructional technology. This generation thrives in small groups, using social media, and has never known a world without Google. The purpose of this chapter is to demonstrate innovative curricular design strategies using technology to leverage the skills and preferences that Generation Y brings to a medical classroom.
Collaborative Instructional Design Strategies in an Online Health Systems Pharmacy Degree Program
Authors: Simunich Bethany , Asaro Katie , Yoder Nicole
Published: July 2020

This case study describes both the process and outcome for instructional design strategies used in the design and development of a fully online Health-System Pharmacy Administration (HSPA) M.S. degree program. The development of this online degree program was a partnership between two Midwest higher education institutions: a public research university (PRU) and an interprofessional health sciences university (HSU). The PRU had instructional designers experienced with creating fully-online graduate degree programs, while the HSU had knowledgeable faculty, staff, and administrators associated with the HSPA program. Instructional designers from the public research university designed the courses collaboratively with HSPA instructors, most of whom were health care professionals with minimal background in online teaching strategies. The instructional designers created an enhanced design process that infused the collaboration with faculty development in online teaching, as well as some amount of technology training for the Learning Management System used in the HSPA program.
Creating an Infrastructure to Deliver Meaningful Feedback to Nursing Students
Authors: Stefaniak Jill Erin , Ross Melanie E.
Published: July 2020

Research studies surrounding feedback primarily centered on frameworks designed as models for delivering feedback as well as the timing for delivering feedback. In addition, past research has also focused on individual elements that affect performance with little regard to environmental elements. This case study provides an overview of how a nurse educator utilized a performance analysis approach to providing feedback to nursing students during clinical rotations. A list of performance standards was provided to students at various checkpoints during their clinical rotation. Strategies are shared for improving the type of feedback used in healthcare settings.
Designing, Implementing, and Evaluating Performance-Based Assessments Within a Competency-Driven Curriculum
Authors: Ford Channing R. , Kleppinger Erika L.
Published: July 2020

This case explores the development, implementation, and ongoing evaluation of performance-based assessments (PBAs) utilized within a competency-based curriculum at Auburn University Harrison School of Pharmacy (AU HSOP). Comprised of over 270 practice-based competencies, the newly adopted curriculum was designed to equip graduates with the knowledge, skills, and abilities essential for a practicing pharmacist. Early in the curriculum development process, hands-on authentic assessment practices were identified as a key assessment strategy resulting in the integration of PBAs throughout the curriculum. This case will describe the PBA development process adopted by AU HSOP, including specific implementation considerations, and explore the role of PBAs in assessing student progression.
Leader Launch
Authors: Freeman Candice
Published: July 2020

This case study examines how a rural healthcare system implemented LeaderLaunch, a leadership development program specifically supporting all front-line to director-level leaders employed within the organization's facilities. John DeJoria, the healthcare system's Director of Organizational Development, is a seasoned instructional designer and Certified Professional in Learning and Performance (CPLP) who was charged with the opportunity of determining the system's leadership development needs and responding with aligned performance improvement interventions, intended to build competency and capacity in current, new, and emerging leadership. This case explains how John and his team designed, conducted, and utilized a three phase needs assessment to select and design instructional and non-instructional interventions.
Evaluating the Impact and ROI of Medical Education Programs
Authors: Brock Timothy R.
Published: July 2020

Medical education programs must deliver valued results that stakeholders expect in return for their funding investments. In the past, healthcare organizations accepted reports about test results and participant perceptions of the program as adequate evidence of course outcomes. Today, program funders expect evaluations that provide evidence that medical education programs improve organizational excellence measures to justify ongoing funding. This chapter will explain four of the five elements required of a proven, comprehensive evaluation system. This five-element system is necessary to provide the desired organizational excellence evidence that medical educators can adopt to address the needs of stakeholders at different levels of an organization. Specifically, this chapter will overview an evaluation framework, a process model, and guiding principles that are crucial elements of this methodology. The chapter ends with a case study that shows how a medical education team used this measurement and evaluation methodology to plan how they would design and evaluate a medical education program requested by executives to solve an ICU central line infection problem.
Quality Assessment of Standard and Customized COTS Products
Authors: Parthasarathy Sudhaman , Sridharan C. , Chandrakumar Thangavel , Sridevi S.
Published: July 2020

Software quality is a very important aspect in evolving strategy for IT vendors involved in commercial off-the-shelf (COTS) (also referred as packaged software) product development. Software metrics are widely accepted measures for monitoring and managing the quality in software projects. Enterprise resource planning (ERP) systems are COTS products and attempt to integrate data and processes in organizations and often require extensive customization. Using software quality metrics already established in literature, software quality attributes defined by the quality model ISO/IEC 9126 were evaluated for a standard and a customized ERP product. This will help the ERP team to identify the specific quality attributes that were affected owing to customization. This research study infers that there exists a considerable impact of ERP system customization over the quality of ERP product. The implications of the findings for both practice and research are discussed, and possible areas of future research are identified.
Probabilistic Method for Managing Common Risks in Software Project Scheduling Based on Program Evaluation Review Technique
Authors: Huynh Quyet-Thang , Nguyen Ngoc-Tuan
Published: July 2020

Project management and project scheduling are crucial to help development teams keep track of timing as well as resource allocation. In order to manage software projects, project managers need to anticipate, analyze the risk factors that may occur as well as their impacts on the progress of the project, and assess and adapt the project resource allocation. This paper concentrates on a quantitative approach for risk analysis in software project scheduling by taking advantage of Bayesian networks capacity (including related mathematical calculations) in modeling and assessing uncertainty and incorporates them in software project scheduling with program evaluation and review technique (PERT). Common risk factors in project scheduling are also examined, and a Bayesian networks model of 19 common risk factors and their causal relationships is proposed and confirmed. The research also borrows and implements categories and levels of risk from construction projects into software projects. A tool was built to experiment and validate the proposed model.
Mentoring
Authors: Inyang Obia Gopeh
Published: July 2020

This paper discussed mentoring, a tool for successful collaboration for Library and Information Science (LIS) educators, in the University of Calabar. For reasons why LIS educators collaborate, respondents revealed, among others, a sense of belonging, motivation, the challenge of management, witch-hunting, and reduction of cost of conducting research, among others. The results from mentoring for collaboration indicated that 19 respondents published 8 articles out of their first 11 published articles through collaboration efforts. Six respondents published six and two respondents had four through collaborative efforts. These represented 70.4%, 22.2%, and 7.41% of the results of mentoring for collaboration. The result show that LIS senior educators mentor young academics for collaboration. The paper identified some challenges of mentoring and the researcher suggested that mentors should be straightforward with the mentees because it is only by trust that people can work together irrespective of their profession.
A Hybrid Differential Evolution and Harmony Search for Optimal Power Flow With FACTS Devices
Authors: Le Luong Dinh , Vo Dieu Ngoc , Huynh Sy T. , Nguyen-Hoang Tuan Minh , Vasant Pandian
Published: July 2020

This paper proposes a hybrid differential evolution (DE) and harmony search (HS) for solving optimal power flow (OPF) problem with FACTS devices including static Var compensator (SVC), thyristor-controlled series compensation (TCSA), and thyristor-controlled phase shifter (TCPS). The proposed hybrid DE-HS is to utilize the advantages of the DE and HS methods to enhance its search ability for dealing with large-scale and complex problems. The proposed method has been tested on the IEEE 30 bus system with the variety of objective functions including quadratic fuel cost, power loss, voltage deviation, and voltage stability index and the obtained results from the proposed hybrid DE-HS have been compared to those from other algorithms. The result comparison has indicated that the proposed hybrid DE-HS algorithm can obtain better solution quality than many other methods. Therefore, the proposed hybrid DE-HS method can be an efficient method for solving the OPF problem incorporating FACTS devices.
Uncertainty Analysis of CNC Machine Tools Based on Monte Carlo Method
Authors: Hwang Yunn Lin , Ta Thi Na
Published: July 2020

The uncertainty of mechanical system performance is strongly influenced by the properties of system components such as mass, stiffness-damping coefficient, and friction coefficient. Based on computational simulations, the system performance under uncertainty conditions can be estimated. However, the nonlinear dynamic behavior of friction is difficult to simulate in numerical simulations, this research is therefore employed a smooth stick-slip friction force model instead of the Coulomb friction force model. Monte Carlo simulation (MCS) combined with multibody dynamic (MBD) simulation is proposed to evaluate the uncertainty characteristics of the system components and stick-slip friction force between two contacting bodies. Numerical simulations applied the proposed method were performed to consider the effects of uncertainty of friction coefficient on the machining accuracy of a three axes CNC (Computer Numerical Control) machine tool.
Mechanical and Wear Behavior of Al7075 - Graphite Self-Lubricating Composite Reinforced by Nano-WO3 Particles
Authors: Mahdi Anmar D. , Irhayyim Saif S. , Abduljabbar Salah F.
Published: July 2020

Al7075 hybrid nanocomposites considered one of the most material utilized in modern engineering applications that required a combination of superior properties such as lightweight, high strength, excellent corrosion resistance, and high thermal conductivity. In the current study, Al7075 – 5 vol % graphite self-lubricating composite was reinforced by 0, 1.5, 2.5, 3.5, and 4.5 vol % WO3 nanoparticles in order to study the microstructural, mechanical, and wear characteristics. The classical powder metallurgy route was employed to fabricate the hybrid nanocomposites specimens. The microstructural analysis of the nanocomposites was characterized by utilizing a Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscope (FESEM) and Energy-Dispersive X-ray (EDX) analyses. Mechanical properties such as micro-hardness and diametral compressive strength were studied. Dry sliding wear test was performed under the various loads of 10, 15, 20, and 25 N at a sliding distance and sliding speed of 1810 m and 1.5 m/s, respectively. Results have revealed that the microhardness and diametral compressive strength considerably improved by increasing the WO3 content until 3.5 vol % and then slightly decreased. Besides, both the values of the wear rate and friction coefficient gradually reduced by increment the reinforcement content up to 3.5 vol % and then suddenly increases for all the applied loads. Nevertheless, the wear rate and friction coefficient were correlated positively with the applied loads. From the results obtained, graphite as solid lubricating material with WO3 nanoparticles was successfully combined into the Al7075 alloy matrix. The optimum mechanical and wear performance of the hybrid nanocomposite were revealed at 3.5 vol % content of WO3 nanoparticles.
Mechanical Properties and Wear Characteristic of (Aluminum-Zinc Oxide) Metal Matrix Composite Prepared Using Stir Casting Process
Authors: Jasim Ahlam H. , Joudi Wafaa M. , Radhi Nabaa S. , Saud Amir N.
Published: July 2020

The developing of Composites Metallic Matrix for Aluminum (AMMCs) is one of the leading engineering applications requirements because of the excellent mechanical characteristics low weight with high strength for this metal. This research investigated the impact of ZnO particles on the Compressive strength, Hardness, and Wear characteristics of Al metallic matrix composite manufactured by method stir casting. The strengthening added different weight percent (0, 2, 4, 6, 8 and 10) % ZnO. The microstructure of specimens is the analysis by an optical microscope and determines the compressive strength, hardness, and wear characteristics which increase with an increased weight percentage of ZnO. The increase in the percent of Brinell hardness is (15%), (25%), (35%), (40%), and (50%) for aluminium reinforced with 2, 4, 6, 8, 10 wt. % ZnO particles specimens respectively. Finally, it could be found that the volume loss was drastically reduced by raising the amount of zinc oxide, thus exceeding the composite minimum amount, which represents the total percentage of zinc oxide (10 percent).
The Cyclic Fatigue Behavior for 6061-T6 Al Alloy Shafts Processed by Laser Shock Peening
Authors: Alhamaoy Ahmed R. , Sadiq Ghanim Sh. , Hussein Furat I. , Ali S.N.
Published: July 2020

The optimal combination of aluminum quality, sufficient strength, high stress to weight ratio and clean finish make it a good choice in driveshafts fabrication. This study has been devoted to experimentally investigate the effect of applying laser shock peening (LSP) on the fatigue performance for 6061-T6 aluminum alloy rotary shafts. Q-switched pulsed Nd:YAG laser was used with operating parameters of 500 mJ and 600 mJ pulse energies, 12 ns pulse duration and 10 Hz pulse repetition rate. The LSP is applied at the waist of the prepared samples for the cyclic fatigue test. The results show that applying 500 mJ pulse energy yields a noticeable effect on enhancing the fatigue strength by increasing the required number of cycles to fracture the sample. In addition, the effect on increasing the pulse energy from 500 mJ to 600 mJ shows a significant effect in term of creating the endurance limit for the samples.
Measurement of Electrical Conductivity Degree of some Metallic Conductors by Using the LC Circuit
Authors: Nawaf Shahir Fleyeh , Salih Sabah Saddem , Salih Mohammad Omar
Published: July 2020

Metallic conductors have different degrees of their electrical conductivity. The aim of this research is to measure the electrical conductivity degree for some metallic conductors by measuring the induced voltage in a coil probe, which moves inside the metallic conductor sample tube. When a low frequency of alternating current flows through the LC circuit, it will pass through the solenoid and will generate a magnetic field, which will be reduced due to the presence of the metallic sample tube. The magnetic flux strength generated inside the solenoid determine the electrical conductivity (σ ) of this metallic tube by measuring the EM force induced on the solenoid in the presence the sample tube and without it. Measurements are conducted on two sample models (zinc and aluminum). Test results shows deviation of 10 % compared with the reference values ​​.
Enhanced Absorption Edge of Anchusa-Italica-Doped Pentacene towards Optoelectronic Applications
Authors: Alaridhee Tahseen A. , Malk Fatima H. , Hussein Abdullah A. , Abid Dawod S.
Published: July 2020

The dye-doped polymer is commonly used in the field of optoelectronics, given its effectiveness in optimising the device’s performance. This study is devoted to the synthesis and characterisation of Anchusa-Italica-doped Pentacene thin-film. Scanning electronic microscopy structural analysis, Fourier transform spectroscopy, and UV-visible transmittance spectra with a range of 300-900 nm were also carried out. The fundamental optical properties such as the absorption coefficient, optical energy gap, absorption and refractive indices were calculated based on the methods already used in the literature as Tauc’s relationship. The morphology of the samples indicated that dye structure was affected in the doped pentacene. The Fourier transform infrared technique (FT-IR) resulting spectrum of the doped samples also showed a significant absorption peak corresponding to C-H as an index of impurities. The calculated band-gap energy of the impurity sample was reduced and was the lowest compared to both the pure dye and polymer samples. The optical absorption and transmittance spectra revealed that it was positioned in the desirable ranges for optoelectronic applications. An anomaly in the absorption index was also observed through excitation of the resonance mode with transparent indication. This effect was deduced from the calculation of the refractive index. The results presented in this paper significantly contribute to the developments in the field of optoelectronic devices based on dye/polymer organic materials.
An Overview of Au & Photonic Crystal Fiber of Sensors
Authors: Ali Hiyam S. , Fakhri Makram A.
Published: July 2020

In this paper, a focus is placed on the recent applications and trends of the uses of optical and photonic sensors with applications in environmental monitoring and health and biological applications represents an overview of most articles which concerned with the Gold nanoparticles (Au) and photonic crystal fiber of sensors. A gold nanoparticles (Au) based on sensors has found is widely used in integrated and guided-wave optics because of the Gold is chemically steady also in an aqueous environment, also it reveals the greater wavelength change at the resonant frequency, which helps to quickly detect and improve the sensitivity of the unknown analyse.
Photonic Crystal Fiber Sensor for Blood with Different Concentration of Zinc
Authors: Hani Raghad , Mahdi Bushra R. , Mohammad Ayad Z.
Published: July 2020

Zinc is one of the important material in human blood because of its effect in defensive system work for properly and it plays an important role in growth, wound healing Medically zinc concentration effect directly in skin health so it's important to make a sensor for discover zinc and its concentration change in human blood for each of male and female. Optical fibers are used as a sensor for detecting zinc and its concentration by transmitted laser signal through the optical fiber by using different types (single mode fiber SMF, photonic crystal fiber PCF) by studying the results of output laser the detection can be seen for zinc concentration change, the design of small PCF which the same LMA_10 but smaller in its radius of core and cladding even the distance between cores. The smallest PCF size has the best detection for all zinc concentration change in blood all that was done by comsol Multiphysics 5.4 simulation program
Improvement of CNC Lathe Performances by Tungsten-Carbide Tool Using Desirability Function Analysis for Fabrication of Miniature Component
Authors: Hameed Azzam Sabah , Jafar Mohaned S. , Mallick Bijan
Published: July 2020

Computer numerical control (CNC) machine has greater utility in the modern advanced industrial field. This paper deals with the parametric effects such as spindle speed (1500-2100 rpm) (N) (X1), depth of cut (DOC) (0.15-0.55 mm) (X2) and feed rate (f) (30-50 mm/min) (X3) on machining characteristics like tool wear rate (TWR) and surface roughness (Ra) during fabrication of IS-617 Aluminum miniature component by advanced CNC lathe using Tungsten-carbide tool. The article analyzes the second-order mathematical model development with co-relation of co-efficient of regression (COR) and analysis of variances (ANOVA) using desirability function analysis during the production of the miniature segment. The paper also consists of multi-criteria optimization for achieving the optimal parametric combination for minimum surface roughness and tool wear rate for this manufacturing operation. The paper also shows the fabricated micro-product of Aluminum at the optimal parametric conditions using CNC programming. It is found that spindle speed has a greater effect on the tool wear rate and depth of cut has dominating effects on surface roughness of job specimen. Desirability parametric combination for minimized surface roughness as well as tool wear rate has been found 1523 rpm/0.15mm/30mmmin-1.
Thermal Conductivity and Specific Heat Evaluation of Tissue Using Laser
Authors: Younis Sudad Issam , Qatta Haqi I. , Abdul Razzaq Mohammed Jalal , Shibib Khalid S.
Published: July 2020

In this work, an inverse heat transfer analysis was used to determine thermal conductivity and specific heat of tissue using special iteration. A laser with a long wavelength was utilized to impose heat to the tissue. The heat that induced in the sample causes an increase in the temperature of a tissue which is measured by a thermocouple. The readings were used together with that analytically obtained from the solution of the heat equation in an iterative procedure to obtain the thermal properties of tissue. By using this method, accurate thermal conductivity and specific heat of tissue could be obtained. It was found that the maximum error in output result and the error in input data were in the same order and that there was a linear relationship between output and input errors.
Investigation Corrosion and Wear Behavior of Nickel-Nano Silicon Carbide on Stainless Steel 316L
Authors: Dawood Nawal Mohammed , Radhi Nabaa S. , Al-Khafaji Zainab S.
Published: July 2020

This research signifies an attempt to apply composite coating by co-deposition coating and assessing, enhancement the Nickel coatings features, by adding the particles of silicon-carbide to solution of electrodeposited. Stainless steel specimens have been subject to electroplating coating utilizing Nickel and nanosilicon carbide particles (70-100 nm) with various amounts (16, 24, 32 and 40) g/L. After coating, the specimens were tested by SEM, AFM, impeded in a solution with 3.5 percent NaCl to investigate the corrosion performance. Then testing the microhardness, and wear resistance. Results obtained from this work showed a great reduction in corrosion currents caused by adding of inert nanoparticles. These enhancements had been detected on all conducted tests for corrosion and wear.
Evaluation of Mechanical Properties for Selected Dental Composite Resin Polymerized by Light Curing Technology at Different Thickness
Authors: Hamam Fatin M. , Bader Ban Adbul Maseeh , Slewa Muna Y.
Published: July 2020

The objectives of this study were to estimate the effect of the blue light cure unit on the compression force and hardness for composite resin nanoCeram at different thickness. The basic material used in this study was Ivoclar Vivadent Tetric N-Ceram Light Cured Hybrid restorative composite resin. The samples were cured by applying a (LED.F) unit Blue phase in a wavelength emission spectrum (494 NM) was used.60 disc-shaped specimens [9 mm diameter at (0.5, 1) mm thickness and 10 mm diameter at (1.5) mm thickness] were prepared using a stainless steel mold for hardness and compressive strength measurements. A composite resin was polymerized with an aid of a ( DC 5V/1A) lamp for (10, 20 and 30) sec .Three specimens were used for each group.The results were analyzed using (linear logarithmic, quadratic, linear and power) test.The different groups showed significant variability in relation, with a significant interaction between the groups.The result showed that the greater thickness more efficient for polymerization than small thickness and the long irradiation time more efficient for polymerization than short irradiation time, long irradiation time diffusion in deep portions of the sample convert to polymer and this provide good polymerization and then good mechanicalproperties.
Impact and Flexural Strength of Kaolinite / Glass Fibers Reinforced Heat-Cured Acrylic Denture
Authors: Hussain Wafaa A. , Bader Ban Adbul Maseeh , Slewa Muna Y. , Alwan Luay H.
Published: July 2020

Nowadays, most materials used to manufacture denture base are heat-cured PMMA, to overcome the low strength of this material, different methods were used to strengthen the denture base and enhanced their properties. This study investigated the effect of glass fiber woven powder kaolinite (Al2Si2O5 (OH) 4) to influence and strength of flexure. Acrylic and kaolinite powders were mixed together and mixed again with acrylic liquid to prepare hybrid composite samples. Woven glass fiber composite was prepared by inserting woven glass fiber between the two halves of the dough. PMMA reinforced by (0, 20) wt% of woven glass fibers or/and (0, 2, 5, 7) wt% of kaolinite powder to prepare eight experimental groups (n= 7). The fractured surface was an evaluation by scanning electron microscope (SEM). X-ray diffraction and Fourier transforminfrared spectra FTIR tests were used to examine kaolinite powder. Samples were tested with the use of a Charpy testing machine for impact test and Instron tensile testing machine for flexural test after storage in water for 10 days at 37 °C. The results showed woven glass fibers with clay powder together significantly increased the mechanical properties of PMMA.
Synthesis and Characterization of some 2-Azetidinones Derived from 3-Nitro Phthalic Anhydride and Evaluation their Biological against Bacteria and Fungi
Authors: Al-Joubory Ahmood Kh. Jebur , Saleh Rabiha Hameed , Mohammed Omar Abdulrahman
Published: July 2020

Reaction of the moiety 3-nitro phthalic anhydride with p- Phenylene diamine in (40 ml) acetic acid to give compound (p-amino phenyl)-3-nitro phthalimide (A1).Which that react with different aromatic aldehyde in ethanol absolute to give compounds hydrazone (A2-A5), then react this compounds (A2-A5) with chloro acetyl chloride in presence of TEA by using DMF as solvent to obtain 2-azetidinones (A6-A9).The compounds of all the newly synthesized structures were confirmed by and ,IR, 1H NMR as well as melting point. Some of these new structures showed antimicrobial activity (A7-A8) and anti-bacterial activity (A7-A8).Antibacterial activity of some prepared compounds against two types of bacteria: Staphylococcus aureus (Gram positive) and E.coli (Gram negative). Some the compounds showed high inhibition activity against bacteria and two fungi (Candida albicans) and (Candida tropicalis.).
A Swelling Study in Different PH and Mechanical Properties of Biodegradable Films Based on Pluronic F-127/ Poly-Vinyl Alcohol
Authors: Sweah Zainab J.
Published: July 2020

PluronicF-127/PVA polymeric biomaterials blend films plasticized with glycerin were prepared by solvent molding method. The polymer blend films were characterized using Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy and mechanical measurements. The FTIR spectra of the two polymers and their blends show that there is no chemical interaction between the PVA and the PluronicF-127. FESEM images indicate that blend homogeneous film can easily be prepared. Mechanical and swelling properties of the studied blends indicate that these can be used for medical application such as biodegradable materials and biodegradable drugs carriers and as food packaging materials.
Synthesis of some 2-Pyridones by Application of L-L Phase Transfer Catalysis Method
Authors: Mustafa Asaad Mohammed , Hussein Mohammed Salim , Tareq Alarqam Zyaad
Published: July 2020

Phase transfer catalysis P.T.C is one of the most widely used techniques in the preparation of a wide range of compounds not only in organic chemistry but also a broadly useful in several other areas of chemistry. There have been extensive studies that have been used to synthesize many compounds that are biologically important with highly efficient and the percentage of the product and purity are high with perfect time. In this study, a number of chalcones were prepared and reacted with phenoxy acetamide, 4-methyl phenoxy acetamide and phenyl mercapto acetamide for the preparation of 2–pyridones compounds under phase transfer catalysis conditions. The reaction mechanism and the structure of the resulting compounds were determined using physical analysis methods IR and 1H-NMR. 13C-NMR was also measured for some compounds.