bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Toxicité aiguë et activité anti-inflammatoire et analgésique des feuilles de Tetraclinis articulata (Vahl) Mast. in vivo
Authors: Benyamina A. , Toumi F. , Soltani Y.
Published: June 2019

L’objectif de cette étude est l’évaluation de l’activité anti-inflammatoire et analgésique de l’extrait hydroalcoolique des feuilles de Tetraclinis articulata (Vahl) Mast. (extrait HAFTA) ainsi que de sa toxicité aiguë. Les tests pharmacologiques ont été réalisés en utilisant un modèle animal. La toxicité aiguë a été déterminée par la méthode de Lorke, l’activité anti-inflammatoire a été évaluée en mesurant l’œdème plantaire des souris induit par la carragénine, et l’analgésique a été mené par le test des contractions abdominales et le test de la plaque chauffante. Les résultats obtenus ont révélé que l’extrait de Tetraclinis articulata est faiblement toxique. L’inhibition maximale de l’œdème plantaire chez les souris est de 88,57 %, et celle des contractions abdominales est de 88,62 %. Le temps de latence maximum des animaux sur la plaque chauffante est de 22,6 secondes.
Notes ethnobotaniques et phytopharmacologiques sur Inula viscosa
Authors: Bouyahya A. , Et-Touys A. , Khouchlaa A. , El-Baaboua A. , Benjouad A. , Amzazi S. , Dakka N. , Bakri Y.
Published: June 2019

Inula viscosa (L.) (synonyme de Dittrichia viscosa (L.) Greuter) est une plante médicinale très utilisée dans la médecine populaire pour soigner différentes pathologies. Elle appartient à la famille des Asteraceae et est largement répandue au Maroc et dans le monde. Les études effectuées sur cette plante ont montré qu’elle est riche en métabolites secondaires tels que les acides phénoliques, les flavonoïdes et les composés terpénoïdes. Ces composés sont doués de propriétés antibactériennes, antitumorales, antifongiques, anti-inflammatoires et autres. Le criblage bioguidé des extraits d’Inula viscosa a permis d’identifier et d’isoler des molécules bioactives telles que l’inuviscolide, la tomentosine et la fokiénol qui pourraient avoir des applications thérapeutiques diverses.
Yaygın Kaygı Bozukluğu ve Öfke Kontrol Probleminde Şema Terapiyi Kullanmak: Bir Vaka Üzerinden Anlatım
Authors: KÖSE KARACA Bahar , ATEŞ Nida
Published: June 2019

Bu çalışmada DSM-5 tanı kriterleri açısından yaygın kaygı bozukluğu tanısına uyum
gösteren 35 yaşındaki bir erkek danışanın öncelikli problem olarak gördüğü öfke
probleminin şema terapi yaklaşımı ile nasıl ele alındığı anlatılmaktadır. Danışanla,
İstanbul Arel Üniversitesi’nin klinik psikoloji doktora programı kapsamında süpervizyon
altında toplam dokuz seans görüşme yapılmıştır. Beck Depresyon Ölçeği, Şema Ölçeği,
Şema Mod Ölçeği, Young Anne Babalık Ölçeği ve SCL- 90 danışanı değerlendirmek için
danışana uygulanmış ölçekler arasındadır. Değerlendirme sonuçlarına göre, bu
çalışmada danışanın dayanıksızlık, karamsarlık, duyguları bastırma, boyun eğicilik ve
cezalandırıcılık şemaları ve öfkeli çocuk ile uyumlu-teslimci moduyla ağırlıklı olarak
çalışılmıştır. Seansların başında günlük işlevi artırmak için davranış aktivasyonu yapılan
danışanla tüm terapi sürecinde şema terapi tekniklerinden bilişsel, yaşantısal ve
davranışsal örüntü bozmaya dayalı tekniklerden faydalanılmıştır. Sonuç olarak, köken
odaklı çalışmanın bir yandan öfke problemini giderirken diğer tarafından yaygın kaygı
bozukluğuna dair iyileştirici etkisi olduğu gözlenmiştir. Tedavi sürecinde izlenen yol ve
tedavi sonuçları tartışma kısmında ele alınmıştır.
Terapi İlişkisinin Terapist ve Danışanın Kaçınma Örüntüleri Açısından İncelenmesi: Bir Konuşma Analizi Çalışması
Authors: SARI Sevda
Published: June 2019

Nitel araştırma yöntemlerinin kullanıldığı psikoterapi araştırmaları ile terapi ilişkisi,
duygular terapide değişim süreci ve terapist danışan etkileşimi gibi konularda
psikoterapide süreç araştırmaları yapılabilmektedir (McLeod, 2001). Konuşma analizi,
dilin etkileşimsel dinamiğine odaklandığı için terapi ilişkisinin araştırılmasında tercih
edilmektedir (Perakyla, 2004). Bu çalışmanın amacı, bir psikoterapi süreç araştırması
olarak, kaçınmanın terapist ve danışan etkileşim sürecinde nasıl ortaya çıktığının ve
terapi ilişkisinin bundan nasıl etkilendiğinin anlaşılmasıdır. Şema terapi yaklaşımı ile
gerçekleştirilmiş ve terapist-danışan arasındaki kaçınma örüntüsünün ortaya çıktığı üç
seans, konuşma analizi ile incelenmiştir. Araştırmanın odağı, terapi diyaloğundaki
zayıf anlaşma ve anlaşmazlık bildiren ifadeler, söz kesme, çakışmaları içeren sıra alış
organizasyonu olmuştur. Analiz sonuçlarına göre şema terapi seanslarında, terapistin,
danışanın terapi seansı ile ilgili negatif duygularını derinlemesine analiz etmekten
kaçındığı, konuyu değiştirdiği; danışanın ise geri çekildiği ve terapistin terapi
diyaloğundaki anlaşmazlığı onaramadığı gözlenmiştir. Terapist ve danışan arasındaki
kaçınma örüntüsünün analiz edilmesi terapötik ittifakta kırılma ile ilgili bilgi vermesi
açısından önemlidir. Terapist ve danışanın kaçınma davranışlarının etkileşimi,
terapötik ittifakta kırılma ve şema terapi mod modeli bağlamında tartışılmıştır.
PKM PEMBERDAYAAN KELOMPOK USAHA AL BARIK PENGOLAHAN TEPUNG KULIT PISANG DI DESA SIDOMULYO BAMBANGLIPURO BANTUL
Authors: Dwi Ernawati
Published: June 2019

Kesuksesan suatu usaha memerlukan banyak faktor pendukung, diantaranya faktor kesehatan pelaku usaha dan inovasi produk. Sehingga perlu diberikan perhatian khusus terkait faktor pendukung kesuksesan suatu usaha, khususnya faktor kesehatan pelaku usaha dan inovasi produk. Belakangan ini, usaha yang sedang menjadi trending topic adalah usaha bidang pangan. Mitra PKM adalah kelompok usaha Al-Barik, Desa Sidomulyo, Kecamatan Bambanglipuro, Kabupaten Bantul, Jogjakarta yang berada di daerah pusat penghasil pisang di Kabupaten Bantul. Permasalahan mitra adalah belum memiliki perhatian khusus terkait kesehatan pelaku usaha, K3, keamanan pangan, dan pengolahan limbah khususnya kulit pisang. Tujuan PKM adalah memberikan pelatihan pembuatan tepung kulit pisang, memberikan pelatihan aplikasi tepung kulit pisang pada kue. Solusi yang ingin dicapai adalah pelatihan pembuatan tepung kulit pisang dan aplikasi pada kue. Metode pelaksanaan pelaksanaan pelatihan pembuatan tepung kulit pisang dan aplikasi pada kue. Luaran yang akan dihasilkan adalah: 1) terciptanya produk tepung dari kulit pisang, 2) terciptanya produk kue berbahan dasar tepung kulit pisang
SISTEM INFORMASI PENJUALAN PRODUK BAJU PADA TOKO INYIAK PADANG BERBASIS WEB
Authors: Yanto Gusrino , Anroni Yopi Eka , Idris Muhammad
Published: June 2019

Rapid technological developments directly or indirectly affect the trading system. At present, only by accessing the internet, we can choose the desired product, know the details of the product, and can make transactions with anyone without being limited by time and distance. The sales system at INYIAK Padang Shop is still manual, where the delivery of product information to consumers cannot be accessed directly. So a web- based sales system is needed. The method used in the development of this website is SDLC with a prototype model including needs analysis, prototype making, prototype evaluation, system coding, system testing, system evaluation and system usage. In making this system using the Sublime Text 3 text editor, XAMPP server, MySQL database and other supporting software that can facilitate the creation of this system. With the existence of this online sales information system, it can improve service systems, processing sales data and make it easier for people to get product information. The website can also create a system that is more effective and efficient in supporting the activities of this company.
IMPLEMENTASI SISTEM INFORMASI KONSULTASI KEBUTUHAN GIZI PADA IBU HAMIL DENGAN METODE COOPER BERBASIS WEB PADA PUSKESMAS BUNGUS TELUK KABUNG PADANG
Authors: Putra Hendra Nusa
Published: June 2019

This research was motivated by the problem of lack of knowledge and awareness of the nutritional needs of pregnant women during pregnancy at Bungus Teluk Kabung Padang Health Center. Pregnant women rarely do nutritional counseling to nutritionists about the diet and type of food that must be consumed during pregnancy because of limited time for consultation at Bungus Bay Kabung Health Center. Therefore nutritionists try to make the application of nutritional needs of pregnant women web-based with Cooper's method with the aim of making it easier for pregnant women to find information about nutritional intake through food menu selection. The Cooper method is a way of calculating the number of calories needed by a pregnant woman. The method used for system development is the system development life cycle method (SDLC), while the tools for modeling use UML (Unified Modeling Language). The programming language used for making this application is PHP and MySQL for the database. Based on this study, pregnant women can conduct online consultations as a means of providing solutions to find out the fulfillment of the nutritional needs of pregnant women and fetuses.
Umkämpfte Schichtarbeit?
Authors: Evers Maren
Published: June 2019

Schichtarbeit gilt als eine hochbelastende Form der Arbeitszeitgestaltung. Es gibt bestimmte Empfehlungen, wie man Schichtarbeitssysteme ergonomischer gestalten kann. Allerdings scheinen die Mitarbeiter im Schichtbetrieb Widerstand gegen Veränderungen ihres Schichtsystems zu leisten. Der Artikel untersucht die Gründe für dieses Verhalten aus arbeitssoziologischer Sicht.
Digitale Kontrolle und Vermarktlichung
Authors: Menz Wolfgang , Nies Sarah , Sauer Dieter
Published: June 2019

Unser Beitrag möchte die Frage danach, wie der unternehmerische Einsatz digitaler Technologien Kontrolle und Autonomie von Beschäftigten verändert, vor dem Hintergrund der von uns 2008 beleuchteten Prinzipien der marktorientierten Produktionsweise neu aufwerfen:  Hierzu unterscheiden wir erstens zwischen verschiedenen Nutzungsstrategien digitaler Technik und beleuchten zweitens die Produktivitätspotenziale von Kontrollformen jenseits der (digitalen) Durchsteuerung des Arbeitsprozesses. Diskutieren möchten wir dies – vor dem Hintergrund eines aktuellen Forschungsprojekts – an zwei typischen Anwendungsfeldern der Digitalisierung von Arbeit: einerseits am Beispiel von Datentransparenz und Echtzeit-Fehleranalyse in der Industrie 4.0, andererseits an der Arbeitsform des Crowdsourcings.
Gender Health Gap
Authors: Becker Karina , Engel Thomas , Grebenstein Lena , Künzel Laura
Published: June 2019

Karina Becker, Thomas Engel, Lena Grebenstein und Laura Ku?nzel: Gender Health Gap: Gesundheitsbezogene Ungleichheit zwischen den Geschlechtern in der Arbeit. In dieser Arbeit werden die gesundheitsbezogenen Unterschiede von Belastungen und Ressourcen zwischen den Geschlechtern in der Lohnarbeit in Deutschland analysiert. Um das Problem zu kontextualisieren werden aktuelle Diskussionen der Arbeitssoziologie sowie feministischer Theorie nachgezeichnet. Die Datenbasis unserer Analyse stellt die BiBB/BAuA-Erwerbstätigenbefragung dar. Wir gruppieren die Arbeitnehmer*innen in elf Berufsklassen, die sich auf der Basis des von Daniel Oesch entwickelten Schemas anhand von Arbeitslogik und Bildungsniveau ergeben. In der interpersonellen und der technischen Arbeitslogik stellen wir eine Gratifikationskrise fest, von der Frauen besonders stark betroffen sind. Hohe psychische Belastungen stehen hier einer geringen Ausstattung mit ausgleichenden Ressourcen gegenüber. In unserem Fazit diskutieren wir Ursachen und mögliche Lösungsstrategien für diese nachgewiesene gesundheitliche Diskriminierung von Frauen in der Lohnarbeit.
Zwischen solidarischem Universalismus und rassistischer Ausgrenzung
Authors: Huke Nikolai , Schmidt Werner
Published: June 2019

Der Beitrag zeichnet ein differenziertes Bild der betrieblichen Integration von Geflüchteten. Gezeigt wird, dass die Arbeitswelt nicht nur ein „Nährboden des Rechtspopulismus“ ist, sondern dass die alltägliche Zusammenarbeit von Geflüchteten und „etablierten Beschäftigten“ auch zur Entwicklung von Kollegialität beiträgt. Gute Chancen auf eine gelingende betriebliche Sozialintegration bestehen dort, wo Tarifverträge und Betriebsräte dafür sorgen, dass alle Beschäftigen gleiche Rechte haben – allerdings ist dies nicht immer der Fall. Solidarisches Handeln ist deshalb unverzichtbar.
Weltmarkt, Nationalstaat und ungleiche Entwicklung (Teil 2)
Authors: Sablowski Thomas
Published: June 2019

Internationale Arbeitsteilung und ungleiche Entwicklung sind die Achillesferse jeder emanzipatorischen Politik auf nationaler Ebene und jedes Versuchs internationaler Organisierung der Lohnabhängigen. Es gilt daher, die Ursachen und Formen der Internationalisierung des Kapitals unter strategischen Gesichtspunkten zu untersuchen. Dieser Text setzt sich mit bisherigen marxistischen Versuchen, die Internationalisierung des Kapitals zu begreifen, kritisch auseinander. Im ersten Teil geht es um die marxsche Kritik der politischen Ökonomie, die klassischen Imperialismustheorien sowie die Dependenz- und Weltsystemtheorien. Im zweiten Teil werden die westdeutsche Weltmarktdiskussion und französische Arbeiten zur Internationalisierung des Kapitals aus den 1970er und 1980er Jahren sowie einige neuere Beiträge zur Diskussion über die Globalisierung behandelt.
Relationships between diets and the quality of life to women aged 50 to 64
Authors: Baj-Korpak Joanna , Gawlik Krystyna , Bergier Barbara , Pocztarska Agata , Sidor Mirosława , Szepeluk Adam
Published: June 2019

Background. Adverse effects of numerous environmental factors, including improperly balanced diets, may accelerate the onset of ailments related to the climacteric period.
Objective. The aim of the study was to examine the relationships between diets and the quality of life of working women aged 50-64 years.
Material and methods.The study included 274 working women aged 55.4±4.0 years living in Biała Podlaska and the surrounding area. These were women working in various positions (teaching, administrative, economic department) at the State School of Higher Education in Biała Podlaska, Poland and patients of the Health and Rehabilitation Centre in Biała Podlaska. The study was conducted by means of a popular tool used to diagnose quality of life i.e. SF-36 questionnaire (Short Form Health Survey) and the Questionnaire of Eating Behaviour (QEB).
Results. In all categories of quality of life (SF-36), apart from pain and general health, there were statistically significant differences between the results of the respondents and the norm for Polish women aged 50 to 60 years. Fruit, vegetables and wholemeal bread were the most frequently consumed products in the healthy diet group, while legumes, fish and curd cheese were the least frequently consumed by the respondents. Of the unhealthy products, the women most often chose sweets (at least once a week), cheese and fried food. Analysis of the effect of a healthy diet on the quality of life showed that a statistically significant correlations were observed in the case of mental health, functioning in society, emotionality, vitality, and well-being.
Conclusions. A positive correlation with the application of a healthy diet was observed in all the categories of quality of life. This means that the respondents with healthy diets had a higher quality of life.
Morbidity Outcomes of Prophylactic Central Neck Dissection with Total Thyroidectomy versus Total Thyroidectomy Alone in Patients with Node Negative Papillary Thyroid Cancer: A Meta-Analysis of Observational Studies
Authors: Sison Christen-Zen I. , Fernando Adrian F. , Gutierrez Therese Monique D.G.
Published: June 2019

Objective: The primary objective of this meta-analysis is to compare locoregional recurrence, vocal cord paralysis, and permanent hypoparathyroidism in patients with thyroid papillary carcinoma without neck node metastases, after total thyroidectomy with and without prophylactic central neck dissection.

Methods: Two independent reviewers performed a detailed literature search of MEDLINE (PubMed), HERDIN and Cochrane Library electronic databases to assess research studies until 2018 for inclusion. The primary endpoints of locoregional recurrence, permanent hypoparathyroidism, and vocal cord paralysis were included in the assessment.

          Design:           Meta-Analysis of Retrospective Cohort Studies

          Setting:          University Hospitals and Tertiary Referral Centers

          Participants:            Patients with node-negative papillary thyroid cancer who underwent either total thyroidectomy alone or total thyroidectomy with prophylactic central neck dissection (either unilateral or bilateral).

Results: This meta-analysis showed that there is a significantly increased risk for locoregional recurrence in the total thyroidectomy alone group (1.96% TT with pCND VS 2.60% TT, RR=0.62, 95% Cl=0.40-0.95, p=.03), permanent hypoparathyroidism in the total thyroidectomy with prophylactic central neck dissection group (5.72% TT with pCND vs 3.34% TT, RR=2.19, 95% Cl=1.62-2.98, p=.00001) and no significant difference for vocal cord paralysis between the 2 groups (RR=1.56, 95% Cl=0.86-2.84, p=.14).

Conclusion: This meta-analysis revealed that performing pCND in patients with node-negative PTC increases the risk of morbidity for hypoparathyroidism but not for vocal cord paralysis. More importantly, the incidence of recurrence is decreased in the pCND group, which may have implications on the overall survival of patients. The benefit of performing pCND may outweigh the risk but the role of prophylactic CND in the treatment of patients with PTC with clinically negative lymph nodes is still debatable in terms of overall survival.

 

Keywords:  thyroidectomy, complications; neck dissection; papillary thyroid carcinoma; lymph node dissection; recurrence; vocal cord paralysis; hypoparathyroidism
Maxillary Sinus Squamous Cell Carcinoma in a Tertiary Hospital in the Philippines
Authors: Hernandez Anna Kristina M. , Cabungcal Arsenio Claro A.
Published: June 2019

Objective: To establish preliminary demographic and clinicopathologic data on Maxillary Sinus Squamous Cell Carcinoma (SCC) in the Philippine General Hospital

Methods:       

          Design:           Retrospective Case Series

          Setting:           Tertiary National University Hospital

          Participants: Socio-demographic and clinical data from records of 22 patients admitted at the Department of Otorhinolaryngology of the Philippine General Hospital from 2013-2016 and histopathologically confirmed to have Maxillary Sinus SCC, were collected and described using means and proportions.

Results: There were 15 males and 7 females with a mean age of 50-years-old (range 24 to 77-years-old). Maxillary mass/swelling was the most common chief complaint.  The mean gap between initial symptoms and consult was 6.77 months.  Initial biopsies were obtained from the maxillary sinus in 16 patients, with 1 patient noted to have undergone malignant transformation from a prior intranasal squamous papilloma.  Staging was advanced (Stage IVA in 16, IVB in 4, and III in 2), with no patients with Stage I or II disease.  Sixteen (16) patients underwent surgery and radiotherapy, while 6 patients received radiotherapy (RT) with or without chemotherapy.  Regional and distant metastases were uncommon.

Conclusion: In this series, maxillary sinus SCC occurs more in males, with a maxillary mass as the most common chief complaint.  Delay in treatment is common, with a mean gap of 6 months between initial symptoms and consult.  Neck node metastasis is uncommon, and most patients undergo surgery with radiotherapy as treatment.

 

Keywords: maxillary sinus cancer; paranasal sinus cancer; squamous cell carcinoma
Usability of a Smartphone Application for Pre-operative Facial Analysis for Rhinoplasty among ENT Surgeons
Authors: Padua Paula Francezca C. , Dela Cruz Arik Paolo Isaiah C. , Pascual Renato C. , Cambe Steve Marlo M.
Published: June 2019

Objective: To determine the usability of a smartphone application (ImageMeter) by ENT surgeons for pre-operative photographic analysis of facial angles for rhinoplasty using the USE questionnaire.  

Methods:

          Design: Post-Test Only Non-Experimental Evaluation

          Setting: Tertiary Private Training Hospital Outpatient Clinic 

          Participants: Twenty-five (25) ENT residents and consultants

Results: Of forty-five ENT surgeons invited, twenty-five ENT residents and consultants (16 males, 9 females) aged 28 to 52-years-old (mean age 36-years-old) trialed the use of the Image Meter application in measuring the naso-facial, naso-frontal, and naso-labial angles of pre-selected lateral images of 10 volunteers and completed our survey.  The usability of the application was measured using the USE questionnaire, through usefulness (Cronbach
Role of the Lipid Environment in the Dimerization of Transmembrane Domains of Glycophorin A
Authors: Kuznetsov A. S. , Volynsky P. E. , Efremov R. G.
Published: June 2019

An efficient computational approach is developed to quantify the free energy of a spontaneous association of the -helices of proteins in the membrane environment. The approach is based on the numerical decomposition of the free energy profiles of the transmembrane (TM) helices into components corresponding to protein-protein, protein-lipid, and protein-water interactions. The method was tested for the TM segments of human glycophorin A (GpA) and two mutant forms, Gly83Ala and Thr87Val. It was shown that lipids make a significant negative contribution to the free energy of dimerization, while amino acid residues forming the interface of the helix-helix contact may be unfavorable in terms of free energy. The detailed balance between different energy contributions is highly dependent on the amino acid sequence of the TM protein segment. The results show the dominant role of the environment in the interaction of membrane proteins that is changing our notion of the driving force behind the spontaneous association of TM -helices. Adequate estimation of the contribution of the water-lipid environment thus becomes an extremely urgent task for a rational design of new molecules targeting bitopic membrane proteins, including receptor tyrosine kinases.
Sulfoxides, Analogues of L-Methionine and L-Cysteine As Pro-Drugs against Gram-Positive and Gram-Negative Bacteria
Authors: Anufrieva N. V. , Morozova E. A. , Kulikova V. V. , Bazhulina N. P. , Manukhov I. V. , Degtev D. I. , Gnuchikh E. Yu. , Rodionov A. N. , Zavilgelsky G. B. , Demidkina T. V.
Published: June 2019

The problem of resistance to antibiotics requires the development of new classes of broad-spectrum antimicrobial drugs. The concept of pro-drugs allows researchers to look for new approaches to obtain effective drugs with improved pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic properties. Thiosulfinates, formed enzymatically from amino acid sulfoxides upon crushing cells of genus Allium plants, are known as antimicrobial compounds. The instability and high reactivity of thiosulfinates complicate their use as individual antimicrobial compounds. We propose a pharmacologically complementary pair: an amino acid sulfoxide pro-drug and vitamin B6 - dependent methionine -lyase, which metabolizes it in the patients body. The enzyme catalyzes the - and -elimination reactions of sulfoxides, analogues of L-methionine and L-cysteine, which leads to the formation of thiosulfinates. In the present work, we cloned the enzyme gene from Clostridium sporogenes. Ionic and tautomeric forms of the internal aldimine were determined by lognormal deconvolution of the holoenzyme spectrum and the catalytic parameters of the recombinant enzyme in the - and -elimination reactions of amino acids, and some sulfoxides of amino acids were obtained. For the first time, the possibility of usage of the enzyme for effective conversion of sulfoxides was established and the antimicrobial activity of thiosulfinates against Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria in situ was shown.
Chemical Polysialylation and In Vivo Tetramerization Improve Pharmacokinetic Characteristics of Recombinant Human Butyrylcholinesterase-Based Bioscavengers
Authors: Terekhov S. S. , Smirnov I. V. , Shamborant O. G. , Bobik T. V. , Ilyushin D. G. , Murashev A. N. , Dyachenko I. A. , Palikov V. A. , Knorre V. D. , Belogurov A. A. , Ponomarenko N. A. , Kuzina E. S. , Genkin D. D. , Masson P. , Gabibov A. G.
Published: June 2019

Organophosphate toxins (OPs) are the most toxic low-molecular compounds. The extremely potent toxicity of OPs is determined by their specificity toward the nerve system. Human butyrylcholinesterase (hBChE) is a natural bioscavenger against a broad spectrum of OPs, which makes it a promising candidate for the development of DNA-encoded bioscavengers. The high values of the protective index observed for recombinant hBChE (rhBChE) make it appropriate for therapy against OP poisoning, especially in the case of highly toxic warfare nerve agents. Nevertheless, large-scale application of biopharmaceuticals based on hBChE is restricted due to its high cost and extremely rapid elimination from the bloodstream. In the present study, we examine two approaches for long-acting rhBChE production: I) chemical polysialylation and II) in-vivo tetramerization. We demonstrate that both approaches significantly improve the pharmacokinetic characteristics of rhBChE (more than 5 and 10 times, respectively), which makes it possible to use rhBChE conjugated with polysialic acids (rhBChE-CAO) and tetrameric rhBChE (4rhBChE) in the treatment of OP poisonings.
Survival guide: Escherichia coli in the stationary phase
Authors: Pletnev P. I. , Osterman I. А. , Sergiev P. V. , Bogdanov A. А. , Dontsova O. А.
Published: June 2019

This review centers on the stationary phase of bacterial culture. The basic processes specific to the stationary phase, as well as the regulatory mechanisms that allow the bacteria to survive in conditions of stress, are described.
Algoritmo do caminho mínimo de Dijkstra aplicado à linha de manufatura enxuta
Authors: Montezi JC
Published: June 2019

Os registros matemáticos mais antigos, cerca de 3000 anos antes de Cristo, foram encontrados na Mesopotâmia, ainda em escrita cuneiforme. Desde então, passamos por contribuições muitíssimo significativas, feitas por diversos povos. Tenha sido com o desenvolvimento de ferramentas para calcular, como o ábaco feito pelos chineses, com inscrições de memorial de equações, como o papiro de Rhind, colaboração dos egípcios, ou ainda, nas relações de correspondência entre a aritmética e a geometria, de Pitágoras, a matemática, durante praticamente toda a história da humanidade, dá subsídio para o desenvolvimento das demais áreas da ciência e da sociedade como um todo. As aplicações são as mais diversas possíveis, aplica-se métodos matemáticos para áreas e resoluções de problemas que certamente o autor do método não imaginava que pudesse ser aplicado no momento de sua concepção. Neste caminho, a proposta deste trabalho é usar o algoritmo do caminho mínimo de Dijkstra, atualmente usado para sugestões de rotas em sistemas de posicionamento global (GPS), interagindo com as metodologias oriundas da filosofia do meio de produção enxuta, Lean Manufacturing ou Toyotismo para atender as linhas de produção industriais. O desenvolvimento do trabalho resume-se em criar um código de programação, em linguagem de MatLab, baseado na lógica de Dijkstra, pelo o qual, será possível verificar qual o caminho menos custoso numa linha hipotética de produção. Através de interações no software, MatLab, a lógica e os resultados proporcionados como resposta do programa puderam ser apurados. A conclusão é positiva, uma vez que conseguimos observar que o programa imprime como resposta aos dados de entrada, o menor caminho possível entre dois pontos, ou seja, colocando a leitura de processos industrias e a filosofia Lean: o caminho de menor custo possível.
Estudo de análise superficial em materiais poliméricos para uso em biomedicina
Authors: Saito Michele A , Araki Sergio Y , Stoeterau Rodrigo , Bock Eduardo G P
Published: June 2019

O Laboratório de Bioengenharia e Biomateriais (BIOENG) do Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia de São Paulo (IFSP-SP) está desenvolvendo o projeto de uma Bomba de Sangue Centrifuga Implantável (BSCI) e estuda materiais para proporcionar maior durabilidade e confiabilidade em componentes de bombas de sangue, que realizam a Assistência Circulatória Mecânica em pacientes com Insuficiência Cardíaca Congestiva (ICC). O Polietileno de Ultra Alta Massa Molecular (PEUAMM) apresenta características importantes, devido à biocompatibilidade, acabamento superficial e alta resistência ao impacto e ao desgaste proveniente da configuração de sua estrutura polimérica e devido seu longo comprimento de cadeia. Componentes como eixos e mancais devem apresentar resistência ao desgaste e impacto, devido à solicitação de cargas mistas solicitadas durante o trabalho da BSCI. Os ensaios de desgastes e atrito foram realizados em corpos de prova de PEUAMM, em meio de água pura para evitar contaminação dos componentes, na Bancada de Ensaios de Atrito e Desgaste (BEAD) que foi desenvolvida pelo IFSP-SP. A utilização de análises gráficas devido à evolução no desenvolvimento de métodos matemáticos em equipamentos de caracterização possibilita a planificação gráfica em 3D da superfície do material e o gráfico de perfil do corpo de prova, após teste de desgaste na bancada. Foi realizada uma análise superficial com perfilômetro Taylor Hobson CCI para estudo do polímero utilizado nos componentes da BSCI. Foi observada no microscópio a formação de pistas na superfície dos corpos de prova sem redução de massa após ensaio na BEAD e a análise no Perfilômetro Taylor.
Utilização da Lógica Fuzzy como ferramenta de apoio nas tomadas de decisão para o Planejamento de Controle da Produção
Authors: Hishi HK
Published: June 2019

Os desenvolvimentos tecnológicos são muitas vezes norteados por uma política de redução de custos das atividades industriais, garantia da qualidade total, prazos de entrega e melhoramento contínuo dos processos industriais. Dentro deste contexto, o paradigma da manufatura enxuta, com bases nas inovações dos processos industriais, ganha destaque no mundo globalizado. Verifica-se que os sistemas inteligentes de automação e as tecnologias de informação fornecem a base que sustenta tal paradigma, neste contexto, as tomadas de decisão do departamento de Planejamento e Controle da Produção (PCP) é fundamental para o alcance dos resultados otimizados. A definição do sequenciamento e as prioridades de produção é um fator determinante para obter um planejamento adequado com a finalidade de não comprometer o plano mestre de produção e os prazos de entregas ao cliente. O presente trabalho tem como objetivo apresentar a utilização da Lógica Fuzzy como ferramenta de apoio nas tomadas de decisão para priorizações do sequenciamento de produção, conforme a maior margem de contribuição na cadeia produtiva da organização. O método utilizado consiste nos fundamentos da Lógica Fuzzy e nos conceitos do setor de Planejamento e Controle da Produção estudados nas literaturas. Os resultados obtidos consiste no sequenciamento mais eficaz e com maior valor agregado para a corporação.
Humaeroh EFEKTIVITAS BERBAHASA INDONESIA ( SEBUAH TELAAH PENGGUNAAN RAGAM BAHASA DALAM BERKOMUNIKASI)
Authors: Humaeroh Humaeroh
Published: June 2019

Pentingnya warga negara Indonesia mempelajari ragam bahasa Indonesia dalam berkomunikasi dapat dianggap sebagai salah satu jawaban atas pertanyaan  mengapa kita masih perlu mempelajari bahasa Indonesia. Sebagian besar masyarakat hanya menguasai ragam nonformal.Sebenarnya mereka perlu meningkatkan keterampilan berbahasa dengan memelajari ragam formal karena kegiatan berkomunikasi tidak mungkin terus-menerus berlangsung dalam situasi yang tidak resmi.Berkomunikasi dalam era globalisasi dewasa ini menuntut para pelakunya mampu memakai ragam formal karena aktivitas masyarakat modern cenderung diwarnai oleh kegiatan yang bersifat resmi.Aktif langkah baiknya jika kita dapat menguasai ragam-ragam bahasa tersebut dengan baik, agar kita dapat berkomunikasi secara efektif sesuai dengan tempat dan situasi ragam bahasa itu digunakan. Namun penguasaan ragam bahasa baku dan ragam bahasa tidak baku tampaknya sangat penting, karena jangkauan penggunaannya lebih luas dan lebih merata. Lagi pula, ragam bahasa baku inilah yang digunakan dalam komunikasi resmi negara.Jenis Ragam Bahasa Berdasarkan pokok pembicaraan,  media pembicaraan, hubungan antar pembicara, situasi pemakaianya, serta ragam sosial dan ragam fungsional selayaknya  diketahui untuk memudahkan proses komunikasi berdasarkan media, tempat, waktu, topik dan pembicara. Hal ini dilakukan untuk dapat menerapkan kaidah bahasa Indonesia dengan konsisten sehingga bahasa yang diungkapkan mempunyai nilai rasa yang tepat dan sesuai dengan situasi pemakaiannya.

 

Kata Kunci

Ragam Bahasa, Bahasa Baku – Tidak Baku, Bahasa Ilmiah – nonilmiah
Nita Anggraeni NEGARA BERKEMBANG, PERLINDUNGAN PRODUK DALAM NEGERI DALAM KONTEKS HUKUM PERDAGANGAN INTERNASIONAL WORLD TRADE ORGANIZATION (WTO)
Authors: Anggraeni Nita
Published: June 2019

Keanggotaan WTO terbanyak adalah negara berkembang. Berjumlah sekitar dua per tiga dari total anggota WTO sebanyak 164 negara. Mereka memainkan peran sangat aktif dan penting di WTO karena jumlahnya yang banyak, peranan mereka menjadi lebih penting dalam ekonomi global, karena negara berkembang semakin melihat perdagangan sebagai alat vital dalam usaha pembangunan negaranya. Negara berkembang terdiri memiliki kelompok dan setiap kelompok dengan permasalahan yang berbeda. Status negara berkembang di WTO memiliki hak-hak khusus. Beberapa ketentuan dalam beberapa Perjanjian WTO memberi negara berkembang masa transisi yang lebih lama sebelum mereka diwajibkan untuk sepenuhnya melaksanakan kesepakatan juga mereka dapat menerima bantuan teknis. Anggota WTO yang mengumumkan dirinya sebagai negara berkembang tidak secara otomatis mendapat  keuntungan dari beberapa anggota negara maju seperti  dalam prinsip General System of Preference (GSP). Dalam praktiknya terdapat preferensi yang menentukan daftar negara-negara berkembang yang akan mendapatkan keuntungan dari sistem  tersebut. Permasalahan yang banyak dihadapi negara berkembang adalah bagaimana produk lokal dapat bersaing dengan produk impor. WTO memiliki berberapa alternatif perlindungan produk lokal bagi negara anggota akan tetapi banyak perlakuan khusus untuk negara berkembang.

Kata Kunci

Negara Berkembang, Perdagangan, WTO
Abdullah Jarir MANAJEMEN RISIKO OPERASIONAL PADA PERBANKAN SYARIAH
Authors: Jarir Abdullah
Published: June 2019

Risiko operasional adalah risiko  kerugiandalam bentuk  ketidakcukupan atau kegagalan proses internal, yang terkait dengan manusia dan sistem, atau risiko eksternal. risiko operasional juga meliputi risiko kegagalan teknologi, sistem dan model analitis. Risiko operasional lebih signifikan bagi bank syariah  karena fitur perjanjian mereka yang khusus dan lingkungan hukum umum.  Beberapa  aspek khusus dari perbankan syariah dapat meningkatkan risiko operasional dari bank syariah di antaranya : Risiko pembatalan dalammurabahah tidak terkait (kemitraan) dan perjanjian istisnah (manufaktur), kegagalan system pengendalian internal untuk mendeteksi dan mengelola potensi permasalahan dalam proses operasional dan fungsi back-office, potensi kesulitan dalam menegakkan perjanjian Islam dalam lingkungan hukum yang lebih luas, seringkali perlu untuk memelihara dan mengelola persediaan komoditas dalam pasar yang tidak likuid, kegagalan untuk mematuhi persyaratan syariat, potensi biaya dan risiko dalam memantau perjanjian berjenis ekuitas dan risiko hukum terkait.

Risiko operasional lain yang dapat menimpa Perbankan Syari’ah adalah fitur yang berbeda dari instrumen keuangan syariah memerlukan pengendalian dan system tekonogi informasi yang lebih mendalam. Kepatuhan terghadap syariah juga menuntut pengendalian dan pengawasann yang klebih baik.Risiko komersial displaced juga dianggap sebagai risiko khusus bagi bank syariah yang terpapar atas risiko membayar laba dari ekuitas dalam periode ketika laba actual lebih rendah daripada yang diharapkan. Risiko penarikan menghadapkan bank kepada risiko kehilangan simpanan kepada competitor yang berasal dari bank syariah lain atau bank konvensional ketika tingkat pengembalian actual lebih rendah dari yang diharapkan atau tingkat pengembalian yang ditawarkan competitor. Di samping itu, Kurangnya standardisasi dari dewan syariah di Negara-negara yang berbeda dan tantangan dalam mematuhi syariat  menghadapkan bank pada risiko syariat

Kata Kunci

Manajemen, Risiko Operasional, Perbankan Syariah
M. Zainor Ridho Etnosentrisme: Ideologi Dalam Ilmu Pengetahuan
Authors: Ridho M Zainor
Published: June 2019

Dalam perspektif analisis pengetahuan, orientalisme sebagai suatu wacana yang menciptakan tipologi-tipologi yang di dalamnya sifat-sifat dapat didistribusikan; orang Barat yang penuh semangat lawan orang Timur yang membangkitkan berahi, orang Barat yang rasional lawan orang Timur yang tak dapat diprediksikan, orang kulit yang gagah lawan orang kulit kuning yang kejam. Pandangan tentang orientalisme sebagai sebuah wacana kekuasaan yang muncul dalam konteks perjuangan geopolitik antara Eropa dan Timur Tengah memberikan dasar bagi salah satu studi yang paling berpengaruh akhir-akhir ini. Orientalisme merupakan sebuah wacana yang membagi dunia secara jelas menjadi Barat dan Timur; yang terakhir (yakni Timur) secara esensial bersifat asing, eksotik, dan misterius, namun juga sensual, irasional, dan secara potensial berbahaya. Tugas orientalisme adalah mereduksi kompleksitas masyarakat dan kebudayaan Timur yang membingungkan ke dalam tingkat yang dapat dipahami dan dapat diatur.

Arti penting orientalisme adalah untuk menimurkan dunia Timur dan itu dilakukan dalam konteks ketidaksamaan kolonial yang mendasar. Orientalisme didasarkan atas fakta bahwa kita mengethau atau berbicara tentang orang-orang Timur, sementara mereka cukup tahu tentang diri mereka sendiri, dan juga tidak mampu berbicara tentang kita. Hubungan antara orientalisme, postmodernisme dan globalisasi dalam perdebatan teori sosial postmodern, telah melahirkan kontes budaya baru dalam budaya global untuk mentransformasikan hakikat karya intelektual.

Kata Kunci

Orientalisme, Postmodern, Globalisasi
NADZIR WAKAF; VERSI FIQH ISLAM DAN PERATURAN PERUNDANG-UNDANGAN
Authors: Syafuri B.
Published: June 2019

Salah satu instrumen ekonomi Islam yang sangat unik dan sangat khas dan tidak dimiliki oleh sistem ekonomi yang lain adalah wakaf. Kekhasan wakaf juga sangat terlihat dibandingkan dengan instrumen zakat yang ditujukan untuk menjamin keberlangsungan pemenuhan kebutuhan dan peningkatan kesejahteraan mustahiqnya. Wakaf adalah bentuk instrumen unik yang mendasarkan fungsinya pada unsur kebajikan (bir), kebaikan (ihsan) dan persaudaraan (ukhuwah). Ciri utama wakaf yang sangat membedakan adalah ketika wakaf ditunaikan terjadi pergeseran kepemilikan pribadi menuju kepemilikan masyarakat muslim yang diharapkan abadi, memberikan manfaat secara berkelanjutan.

Kata Kunci : Ekonomi Islam, Wakaf, Instrumen Zakat
TEORI-TEORI BERLAKUNYA HUKUM ISLAM DI INDONESIA
Authors: Jarir Abdullah
Published: June 2019

Kecenderungan untuk senantiasa mancapai jalan rekonsiliasi yang aman antara hukum adat dan hukum Islam mendorong kepada suatu situasi dalam masyarakat Indonesia di mana dua sistem hukum saling memberikan pengaruh satu sama lainnya. sekedar contoh saja dalam szuhat thalaq, di mana bolehnya si isteri untuk mengambil inisiatif dalam kasus tersebut, maka dapatlah dil:atakan bahw, - hukum Islam telah mengadaptasikan dirinia kepada hukum adat. Contoh di atas adalah suatu bukti bahwa di antara hukum adat dan hukum Islam terdapat perbedaan-perbedaan namun bukan berarti tertutup bagi terjadinva suatu rekonsiliasi. Karena nampaknya kita tidak mungkin menggunakan hanya salah satu hukum saia dengan serta merta meninggall:an yang lainnya.Kata Kunci: hukum Islam, hukum adat, teori hukum
Using Mind Maps as a Teaching and Learning Tool to Promote Student Engagement
Authors: As'ari As'ari
Published: June 2019

Creating an environment that engages students in the learning journey is not always easy. Sometimes as faculty members we ask ourselves, “Are we taking this learning journey by ourselves?” Several years ago as I began my scholarly exploration of the utility of mind mapping as a teaching and learning tool to foster critical thinking, my colleague and I instituted a mind mapping learning activity which has helped to promote student engagement in the classroom.

So what is mind mapping? Mind mapping is a learning technique which uses a non-linear approach to learning that forces the learner to think and explore concepts using visual partial relationships flowing from a central theme to peripheral branches which can be inter- related. According to Buzan and Buzan, a mind map should be drawn on blank paper that is larger than standard 8 ½ by 11 inch paper. The rationale behind using a large sheet of paper is that it allows the student the opportunity to break away from the boundaries established by standard sized paper. The medium for drawing the mind map is usually colored pens or pencils. Students begin by drawing an image in the center of the paper that reflects the central theme, or topic, of the mind map which is to be created.

By placing this central image in the center of the paper it allows the student 360 degrees of freedom to develop their mind map. Next, the student draws main branches with key words extending from this central image. The branches represent different categories which the student perceives as being relevant to the content of the key concept of the mind map. From these main branches, sub-branches are created.
an Analysis of Experiential Meaning in Poetry “William Wordsworth"
Authors: Damanik Emeliya Sukma Dara
Published: June 2019

This paper analyzes experiential meaning in poetry written by William Wordsworth. It applied Halliday Systemic Functional Grammar to pinpoint and analyze the occurrences of processes in the poetry. There are five poetry which is taken as the subject on this research. The analysis is conducted based the six processes in transitivity system. The analysis found that there are five processes coded in the poetry of William Wordsworth. They are material, mental, relational, behavioral and existential. It also resulted that the most dominant types is the material process. It’s meant that poetry tells about the poet’s action in expressing of his idea, feeling and showing in life. This finding also shows that William Wordsworth as the poet uses the material process to build the imagery such as personification, simile and metaphor. Related to the findings of this study, the application of analysis experiential meaning can be implicated in writing and reading academic as well as translators, students and instructors involved in writing and reading pedagogy.
An Analysis on Students’ Errors in Writing Sentence Patterns
Authors: Hendrawati Nurmala
Published: June 2019

Simple, compound, complex, and compound-complex sentences are sentence patterns which each sentence has different pattern, and it is strongly related to grammatical structure, punctuation marks, and connectors. Due to the complexity, EFL learners often get difficulties in understanding and writing the four sentence patterns. Therefore, the objectives of the research are to classify each type of errors and find out the most and least frequently errors of sentence patterns made by students then identify the occurrence frequency of the errors. This is a descriptive qualitative employed by 30 students from the third semester taking Basic Writing, academic year 2017-2018, at Indraprasta PGRI University. This research concerns on surface strategy taxonomy that analyzes four errors. The results show the errors from the highest to the lowest percentage: misformation (57.6%), omission (27.47%), addition (8.8%), and misordering (6.13%). Dealing with sentence patterns, compound-complex sentence becomes the most difficult sentence pattern writing because the most frequently errors made by students are 44.54%. The second is compound sentence with errors 23.2%. Then followed by complex sentence with the number of errors is 22.13%. The least frequently errors of sentence patterns made by students are simple sentence with errors 10.13%. The occurrence of mistake is from the pattern of compound-complex sentence that is the most complicated of three other sentence patterns. The conclusion is regularization in misformation is the most frequently error made by students which cause is from poor understanding of grammatical structure.
Learning English in SMPIT Raudhatul Jannah Cilegon City (an Ethnography Research)
Authors: Fuad Anis , Rafli Zainal , Lustyantie Ninuk
Published: June 2019

This study aims to investigate culture themes in English learning at Islamic junior high school (SMPIT) Raudhatul Jannah Cilegon in academic years 2017/2018. This research conducts a qualitative approach with an ethnography method. The data were collected through observation, interview, and document analysis. The research analysis used Spradley’s terms; domain, taxonomy, and componential analysis, then discovering cultural themes. The research findings showed that 1) Cultural themes that found in English learning at SMPIT Raudhatul Jannah Cilegon have many cultural aspects including rule, custom, attitude, and value; 2) The four cultural aspects are reflected in English learning activities that apply cooperative learning. The results of this research conclude that cultural aspects which contained in English learning at SMPIT Raudhatul Jannah Cilegon become a complement that can improve the quality of learning.
PENGARUH MODEL PEMBELAJARAN KOOPERATIF TIPE JIGSAW TERHADAP PENINGKATAN KEMAMPUAN KOMUNIKASI MATEMATIS SISWA MTs
Authors: Khayroiyah Siti , Siregar Tanti Jumaisyaroh
Published: June 2019

Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui pengaruh model pembelajaran kooperatif tipe jigsaw terhadap peningkatan kemampuan komunikasi matematis siswa. Jenis penelitian ini merupakan penelitian eksperimen semu. Variabel penelitian ini terdiri atas variabel bebas yaitu model pembelajaran kooperatif tipe jigsaw dan sedangkan variabel terikatnya yaitu kemampuan komunikasi matematis siswa. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah seluruh siswa MTs Lab IKIP Al-Washliyah Medan dan sampel dalam penelitian ini adalah siswa MTs dengan mengambil dua kelas  yaitu VIII A dan VIII B secara acak (kelas eksperimen dan kelas kontrol). Teknik pengumpulan data dalam penelitian ini dengan menggunakan tes. Tes yang digunakan  yaitu tes kemampuan komunikasi matematis siswa (pre tes dan post tes). Data yang sudah dikumpulkan selanjutnya dianalisis dengan  menggunakan uji regresi linear sederhana. Berdasarkan hasil analisis tersebut diperoleh yaitu: terdapat pengaruh model pembelajaran kooperatif tipe jigsaw terhadap peningkatan kemampuan komunikasi matematis siswa. Oleh karena itu, disarankan pembelajaran kooperatif tipe jigsaw dijadikan alternatif bagi guru  untuk meningkatkan kemampuan komunikasi matematis siswa.