bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Energy Efficiency in Public Lighting Systems Friendly to the Environment and Protected Areas
Authors: Velásquez Carlos , Espín Francisco , Castro María Ángeles , Rodríguez Francisco
Published: June 2024

Solid-state lighting technology, such as LED devices, is critical to improving energy efficiency in street lighting systems. In Ecuador, government policies have established the obligation to exclusively use LED systems starting in 2023, except in special projects. Ecuador, known for its vast biodiversity, protects its national parks, which are rich in flora, fauna and natural resources, through international institutions and agreements such as UNESCO, CBD and CITES. Although reducing electrical consumption usually measures energy efficiency, this article goes further. It considers aspects such as the correlated color temperature in the lighting design of protected areas, light pollution and the decrease in energy quality due to harmonic distortion. Measurements of the electromagnetic spectrum of the light sources were made in an area in the Galápagos National Park of Ecuador, revealing highly correlated color temperatures that can affect ecosystem cycles. In addition, the investigation detected levels of light pollution increasing the night sky brightness and a notable presence of harmonic distortion in the electrical grid. Using simulations to predict the behavior of these variables offers an efficient option to help preserve protected environments and the quality of energy supply while promoting energy savings.
Crisis Management and Sustainability in Tourism Industry: Obstacles and Recovery Strategies after the COVID-19 Crisis in Antalya, Türkiye
Authors: Yaşar Dinçer Fatma Cande , Yirmibeşoğlu Gözde , Narin Müslüme , Saraç Filiz Elmas
Published: June 2024

This study aims to examine how tourism enterprises can ensure their sustainability and elude the negative effects of the COVID-19 crisis via recovery strategies through semi-structured in-depth interviews, focusing on the tourism industry in Antalya, the first and most important destination in Türkiye, in terms of arrivals and nights spent. According to the findings, travel bans and quarantine measures due to the COVID-19 pandemic had devastating effects on Antalya’s tourism sector. In fact, the COVID-19 pandemic caused a shortage of personnel in tourism industry, a persisting problem. In managing this crisis, businesses and the state have attempted various recovery strategies. Despite a recovery period since 2021, vulnerabilities in the national economy and increasing inflation rates since COVID-19 have triggered input and living costs. Furthermore, the Ukraine War has adversely affected the sustainability of tourism activities in Antalya. Moreover, due to new regulations regarding retirement in 2023, some middle-level managers in tourism sector have retired, leading to predictions of a potential crisis in upper-level management in the future. According to the study results, cooperation in tourism sector, public–private–university collaboration, and government support play significant roles in achieving full recovery from the crisis and ensuring sustainability in tourism sector activities. The study may contribute to the literature and help industry representatives and policymakers in terms of sustainability in tourism and crisis management recovery strategies.
Seismic Resilience Evaluation of Urban Multi-Age Water Distribution Systems Considering Soil Corrosive Environments
Authors: Long Li , Yang Huaping , Zheng Shansuo , Cai Yonglong
Published: June 2024

Evaluating the seismic resilience (SR) of water distribution systems (WDSs) can support decision-making in optimizing design, enhancing reinforcement, retrofitting efforts, and accumulating resources for earthquake emergencies. Owing to the complex geological environment, buried water supply pipelines exhibit varying degrees of corrosion, which worsens as the pipelines age, leading to a continuous degradation of their mechanical and seismic performance, thereby impacting the SR of WDSs. Consequently, this study proposes an SR evaluation method for WDSs that takes into account the corrosive environment and the service age of buried pipelines. Utilizing the analytical fragility analysis method, this research establishes seismic fragility curves for pipelines of various service ages and diameters in diverse corrosive environments, in combination with the Monte Carlo simulation method to generate seismic damage scenarios for WDSs. Furthermore, the post-earthquake water supply satisfaction is utilized to characterize the system performance (SP) of WDSs. Two repair strategies are employed for damaged pipes: assigning a single repair crew to address damages sequentially and deploying a repair crew to each damage location simultaneously, to assess the minimum and maximum SR values of WDSs. The application results indicated that the maximum decrease in SP across 36 conditions was 32%, with the lowest SR value of WDSs being 0.838. Under identical seismic intensities, the SR value of WDSs varied by as much as 16.2% across different service ages and soil conditions. Under rare earthquake conditions, the effect of the corrosive environment significantly outweighs the impact of service age on the SP of WDSs. Post-disaster restoration resources can minimize the impact of the corrosive environment and service age on the SR of WDSs.
Interrelationships between Urbanization and Ecosystem Services in the Urban Agglomeration around Poyang Lake and Its Zoning Management at an Integrated Multi-Scale
Authors: Luo Zhijun , Yang Xiaofang
Published: June 2024

The detrimental effects of accelerated urbanization on ecosystem services underscore the necessity of investigating the interactive coercion between the two. This paper employs multi-source data to analyze the urbanization subsystems and modified equivalent factors in order to calculate the urbanization level (UL) and ecosystem service value (ESV) of the Poyang Lake urban agglomeration (PYLUA) from 2005 to 2020 at the administrative, watershed, and grid scales. Bivariate spatial autocorrelation, multi-scale geographically weighted regression (MGWR), and others are applied to explore the interrelationships and impact effects between the two and to conduct zoning management studies. The results indicate that (1) the UL has significantly increased from 2005 to 2020, with a marginal expansion in its spatial distribution, while the ESV shows a generally smooth trend, with high-value and low-value areas present around Poyang Lake and in the metropolitan area, respectively; (2) the UL and ESV are negatively correlated at all the scales, and this negative effect has increased significantly over time; (3) in the OLS model, only land urbanization and population urbanization negatively affect the ESV at the 1% level of significance, while in the MGWR, all the urbanization subsystems negatively affect the ESV at the 1% level of significance and have their own optimal scales; and (4) the UL and ESV are interrelated and divide the PYLUA into five zones: Coordinated Development Zone, Co-Loss Zone, Development Lag Zone, Ecological Loss Zone and Development Potential Zone. These zones identify areas where negative effects are more pronounced and propose corresponding management strategies for each subzone. These results can serve as a foundation for coordinating regional urbanization and preserving the environment.
Spatial Analysis and Risk Evaluation for Port Crisis Management Using Integrated Soft Computing and GIS-Based Models: A Case Study of Jazan Port, Saudi Arabia
Authors: Alshareef Mohammed H. , Aljahdali Bassam M. , Alghanmi Ayman F. , Sulaimani Hussain T.
Published: June 2024

A hazard zoning map is the most essential tool during the crisis management cycle’s prevention and risk reduction phase. In this study, a geographic information system (GIS) is applied to the crisis management of ports through the preparation of a risk zoning map in Jazan Port, Saudi Arabia, using a novel integrated model of the fuzzy hierarchical analysis process and emotional artificial neural network (FAHP-EANN). The objective is to more accurately identify the highly potential risk zones in the port through hybrid techniques, which mitigates the associated life and financial damages through proper management during a probable hazard. Prior to creating the risk zoning map, every potential port accident is identified, categorized into six criteria, and assigned a weight through the utilization of a machine learning algorithm. The findings indicate that the three most effective criteria for the risks of Jazan Port are land fires, pollution and dangerous substances, and human behavior, respectively. A zoning map of all risks in Jazan Port was generated by using the weights obtained for each of the major accidents. This map may be utilized in the development of crisis prevention measures for the port and in the formation of crisis management units.
Nudging Householders to Reduce Avoidable Food Waste: The OzHarvest Use It Up Tape
Authors: Boulet Mark , Lauren Nita
Published: June 2024

Targeting households with food waste reduction interventions represents a critical opportunity to meet global targets to halve food loss and waste. While the evidence base on the effectiveness of food waste interventions is growing generally, less is known about the outcomes of household-focused interventions. This mixed methods study explores how households experienced a behaviourally orientated nudge (the OzHarvest Use it Up TapeTM) and examines its impact on food waste and behaviour change. The “Tape” served multiple functions for households—including as a visual prompt, a labelling device, a planning tool, and a communication tool—and was more effective for large families and for individuals who were disorganised when shopping and cooking. Significant reductions were also identified in participants’ fresh vegetable and fruit waste and in the total food amounts they wasted. This study demonstrates the effectiveness of behaviourally orientated nudges, like the Tape, in reducing food waste.
The Synergistic Effect of Urban Economic, Social and Space Factors on Residential Carbon Emissions: A Case Study on Provincial Capitals in China
Authors: Hang Su , Juntao Yang
Published: June 2024

Within the context of China’s commitment to carbon reduction goals, particularly in urban areas, addressing carbon emissions stemming from residents’ travel activities assumes paramount significance. Drawing upon established theoretical frameworks, this study advances several hypotheses delineating the determinants of low-carbon behaviors among urban residents. It analyzes panel data from 30 provincial capitals in China using a time–individual dual fixed effects model. This study empirically scrutinizes the posited theoretical model, aiming to elucidate the factors shaping urban residents’ low-carbon behavioral patterns and provide a decision-making basis for low-carbon construction and management of urban space. The findings underscore several notable associations. The disposable income, population density, and urban built-up areas exhibit significant positive correlations with carbon emissions among residents. Conversely, the urban gross domestic product (GDP) displays a significant negative correlation with carbon emissions. Furthermore, a positive correlation is discerned between the expanse of green spaces and the per capita carbon emissions intensity, while the availability of subway systems exhibits a negative correlation with both the per capita public green space area and the carbon emissions intensity. Notably, the configuration intensity of urban bus systems manifests an inverted U-shaped relationship with residents’ carbon emissions intensity. Specifically, within a certain threshold, an escalation in the bus equipment intensity coincides with heightened carbon emission intensity; however, beyond this threshold, a notable reduction in the per capita carbon emissions intensity ensues. Additionally, a U-shaped relationship is observed between the number of urban parks and residents’ carbon emissions intensity, indicating that an increase in parks may not necessarily contribute to carbon reduction efforts. Moreover, a discernible synergy is observed among various factors influencing carbon reduction efforts. These factors encompass residents’ education levels and disposable incomes, the presence of subway and regular public transportation systems, urban land utilization scales, economic development levels, green space provisions, public transportation infrastructure, population densities, and land equilibrium. This interplay underscores the interconnectedness and interdependence of diverse variables in shaping strategies for mitigating carbon emissions within urban contexts.
Quantitative Evaluation of China’s Biogenetic Resources Conservation Policies Based on the Policy Modeling Consistency Index Model
Authors: Qi Liwen , Chen Wenjing , Li Chunyan , Song Xiaoting , Ge Lanqing
Published: June 2024

Biogenetic resources are the foundation of biodiversity and are of great significance to the sustainability of human society. The effective promotion of biogenetic resource conservation depends on the scientific formulation and implementation of relevant policies, so the quantitative evaluation of biogenetic resource conservation policies can provide decision support for the next step of policy formulation. Based on text analysis, social network analysis, and the construction of the PMC index model, this study selected 132 policy samples issued by the Chinese government in the field of biogenetic resources, established an evaluation system for China’s biogenetic resources policies, which contains 10 first-level indicators and 55 s-level indicators, and drew the PMC curve diagram accordingly to quantitatively evaluate China’s biogenetic resources policies. The results show that China’s biogenetic resources policies are generally at a good level, which can meet the current practical needs of biogenetic resources conservation, but there are problems such as the lack of policy forecasts in the relevant policy texts, the lack of flexible planning in the short and medium term, the lack of co-operation among the policy issuers, and the insufficient guidance of innovation. Based on the results, this article puts forward suggestions for improving China’s biogenetic resource conservation policies.
Risk Assessment of Highway Infrastructure REITs Projects Based on the DEMATEL—ISM Approach
Authors: Lv Hongyi , Shi Zhenwu , Liu Jie
Published: June 2024

Highway infrastructure projects financed by real estate investment trusts (REITs) have garnered significant attention due to their potential for generating stable returns. However, assessing the risks associated with such projects remains a critical challenge. This study addresses this gap by proposing a novel approach to risk assessments utilizing the Decision-Making Trial and Evaluation Laboratory (DEMATEL) integrated with Interpretive Structural Modeling (ISM). Unlike traditional risk assessment methods, which often treat risk factors as isolated entities, the DEMATEL—ISM approach provides a comprehensive framework that reveals the direct and indirect relationships between risk factors, thus offering a systemic understanding of the interactions. The results found that falling market prices, insufficient operating revenues, and operational inefficiencies were direct influences, and high financing costs and force majeure were the fundamental influences, while other factors acted as intermediate influences. In addition, the study identifies direct and indirect relationships between different risk factors, providing a hierarchical topology of risk factors to reflect the relationships between the risk factors. The findings not only contribute to enhancing the understanding of risk dynamics in highway infrastructure REITs projects, but also offer a structured framework for risk assessment and mitigation. This research represents a significant innovation in the field of infrastructure investment risk management, offering practical implications for project planning, decision-making, and risk management strategies.
Advanced Gastric Cancer: Single-Center Experience
Authors: Framarini Massimo , D’Acapito Fabrizio , Di Pietrantonio Daniela , Tauceri Francesca , Vittimberga Giovanni , Solaini Leonardo , Cantelli Giulia Elena , Marchetti Giulia , Morgagni Paolo , Ercolani Giorgio
Published: June 2024

Gastric cancer (GC) is the fifth most diagnosed cancer, but it is the third leading cause of cancer death worldwide. Despite the likelihood of gastric cancer metastasizing to the peritoneum, optimal management strategies for this population remain undefined. We carried out a retrospective analysis to present our findings on patients with advanced gastric cancer (AGC) with peritoneal metastases (CP) who underwent neoadjuvant chemotherapy followed by gastrectomy + hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy (HIPEC). To better understand the data, we compared these patients with AGC patients without CP who were treated with neoadjuvant chemotherapy and surgery, as well as with another group of patients who underwent upfront surgery. Patients who undergo surgery and HIPEC achieve a higher survival rate than patients in the literature who undergo only palliative chemotherapy with a median overall survival of 28 months with a low incidence of major complications.
Moment Problems and Integral Equations
Authors: Olteanu Cristian Octav
Published: June 2024

The first part of this work provides explicit solutions for two integral equations; both are solved by means of Fourier transform. In the second part of this paper, sufficient conditions for the existence and uniqueness of the solutions satisfying sandwich constraints for two types of full moment problems are provided. The only given data are the moments of all positive integer orders of the solution and two other linear, not necessarily positive, constraints on it. Under natural assumptions, all the linear solutions are continuous. With their value in the subspace of polynomials being given by the moment conditions, the uniqueness follows. When the involved linear solutions and constraints are positive, the sufficient conditions mentioned above are also necessary. This is achieved in the third part of the paper. All these conditions are written in terms of quadratic expressions.
Influence of the Structure of 3D Woven Fabrics on Radiation Heat Resistance and Thermophysiology Properties
Authors: Kiš Ana , Kovačević Stana
Published: June 2024

The goal of this study was to investigate the influence of structural and constructional parameters of 3D fabric on two of the most significant properties of fabrics for thermal protection—resistance to radiation heat and thermophysiological properties. Today’s textile materials provide high thermal protection, but they display poor thermophysiological properties in extreme conditions. Six samples of 3D fabrics were developed using a laboratory weaving machine. The examined samples were made of identical warp, with a total of three different weft densities, and were woven in two different weaves. The conditions of the weaving process and construction were the same. EN ISO 6942:2022 and EN ISO 11092:2014 methods were used to determine the resistance of the samples to thermal radiation and thermophysiological properties. The results showed that the samples that contained folds in their structure with a larger volume of “trapped” air had better thermophysiological properties and better resistance to thermal radiation. The volume of air contained in the 3D structure was used as a thermal insulator and it did not have a negative effect on the thermophysiological properties. The described structure enabled the 3D fabric to have an optimal ratio of thermal protection and comfort, which is of crucial importance for fabrics used to make thermal protective clothing.
Investigating Snake-Venom-Induced Dermonecrosis and Inflammation Using an Ex Vivo Human Skin Model
Authors: Alsolaiss Jaffer , Leeming Gail , Da Silva Rachael , Alomran Nessrin , Casewell Nicholas R. , Habib Abdulrazaq G. , Harrison Robert A. , Modahl Cassandra M.
Published: June 2024

Snakebite envenoming is a neglected tropical disease that causes >100,000 deaths and >400,000 cases of morbidity annually. Despite the use of mouse models, severe local envenoming, defined by morbidity-causing local tissue necrosis, remains poorly understood, and human-tissue responses are ill-defined. Here, for the first time, an ex vivo, non-perfused human skin model was used to investigate temporal histopathological and immunological changes following subcutaneous injections of venoms from medically important African vipers (Echis ocellatus and Bitis arietans) and cobras (Naja nigricollis and N. haje). Histological analysis of venom-injected ex vivo human skin biopsies revealed morphological changes in the epidermis (ballooning degeneration, erosion, and ulceration) comparable to clinical signs of local envenoming. Immunostaining of these biopsies confirmed cell apoptosis consistent with the onset of necrosis. RNA sequencing, multiplex bead arrays, and ELISAs demonstrated that venom-injected human skin biopsies exhibited higher rates of transcription and expression of chemokines (CXCL5, MIP1-ALPHA, RANTES, MCP-1, and MIG), cytokines (IL-1β, IL-1RA, G-CSF/CSF-3, and GM-CSF), and growth factors (VEGF-A, FGF, and HGF) in comparison to non-injected biopsies. To investigate the efficacy of antivenom, SAIMR Echis monovalent or SAIMR polyvalent antivenom was injected one hour following E. ocellatus or N. nigricollis venom treatment, respectively, and although antivenom did not prevent venom-induced dermal tissue damage, it did reduce all pro-inflammatory chemokines, cytokines, and growth factors to normal levels after 48 h. This ex vivo skin model could be useful for studies evaluating the progression of local envenoming and the efficacy of snakebite treatments.
Impact of Neighborhood Urban Morphologies on Walkability Using Spatial Multi-Criteria Analysis
Authors: Ibrahim Sara , Younes Ahmed , Abdel-Razek Shahira Assem
Published: June 2024

With the increase in car domination, air pollution, traffic congestion, and urban sprawl, sustainable, livable, creative, and walkable cities are critical, now more than ever, for improving quality of life. The effect of neighborhood urban morphologies on walkability has received much attention in recent years. In this vein, the main research question is: how do different neighborhood urban morphologies impact the level of walkability in urban environments, and what are the essential elements impacting the walkability index? Thus, this research aims to determine the impact of urban morphology on walkability in the city of Alexandria, Egypt, as a case study by utilizing multi-spatial analysis. In particular, the study focused on assessing the walkability of four different study areas that vary according to their urban morphology: Kafr–Abdo, Smouha, Latin Quarter, and Roushdy areas. The analysis utilized GIS to calculate a number of indicators to reach the final walkability index for each study area. Results helped to identify the neighborhoods characterized by the lowest level of pedestrian walkability in relation to the area’s urban morphology in an attempt to help decision-makers suggest the appropriate interventions for those areas. The aggregated index results showed that the highest walkability index was that of the gridiron morphology, followed by the linear morphology, with the radial and organic morphologies coming in behind them, respectively. The composite walkability index values were 0.364, 0.247, 0.232 and 0.225, respectively. The reason for this is mainly the presence of the commercial density, intersection density, street density, services density, BCR, and residential density.
Phage Display in Cancer Research: Special Issue Editorial
Authors: Petrenko Valery A.
Published: June 2024

Soon after its birth in 1985, following a short lag period [...]
Advances in Nucleic Acid Universal Influenza Vaccines
Authors: Xu Liang , Ren Weigang , Wang Qin , Li Junwei
Published: June 2024

Currently, vaccination with influenza vaccines is still an effective strategy to prevent infection by seasonal influenza virus in spite of some drawbacks with them. However, due to the rapid evolution of influenza viruses, including seasonal influenza viruses and emerging zoonotic influenza viruses, there is an urgent need to develop broad-spectrum influenza vaccines to cope with the evolution of influenza viruses. Nucleic acid vaccines might meet the requirements well. Nucleic acid vaccines are classified into DNA vaccines and RNA vaccines. Both types induced potent cellular and humoral immune responses, showing great promise for the development of universal influenza vaccines. In this review, the current status of an influenza universal nucleic acid vaccine was summarized.
Association between Reactogenicity and Immunogenicity in a Vaccinated Cohort with Two mRNA SARS-CoV-2 Vaccines at a High-Complexity Reference Hospital: A Post Hoc Analysis on Immunology Aspects of a Prospective Cohort Study
Authors: Sáez-Peñataro Joaquín , Calvo Gonzalo , Bascuas Juan , Mosquera Maria , Marcos Maria , Egri Natalia , Torres Ferran
Published: June 2024

Enhancing our comprehension of mRNA vaccines may facilitate the future design of novel vaccines aimed at augmenting immune protection while minimising reactogenic responses. Before this design is carried out, it is important to determine whether adaptive immunity correlates with the reactogenicity profile of vaccines. We studied a large cohort that was vaccinated with mRNA vaccines to answer this question. This was an observational study with real-world data. Reactogenicity data were obtained from the VigilVacCOVID study. Immunogenicity (humoral and cellular) data were retrieved from health records. One main population (n = 215) and two subpopulations were defined (subpopulation 1, n = 3563; subpopulation 2, n = 597). Sensitivity analyses were performed with subpopulations 1 and 2 to explore the consistency of results. We analysed the association of the intensity and types of adverse reactions with the development and quantity of elicited antibody titres. As an exploratory analysis in subpopulation 1, we assessed the association between reactogenicity and cellular immunogenicity. A higher incidence of fever, malaise, and myalgia including severe cases was significantly associated with the development and quantity of positive antibody titres. No significant findings were observed with cellular immunity. We observed a positive association between immunogenicity and reactogenicity. These findings can be relevant for the future development of our understanding of how mRNA vaccines function.
Prior COVID-19 Diagnosis, Severe Outcomes, and Long COVID among U.S. Adults, 2022
Authors: Nguyen Kimberly H. , Bao Yingjun , Chen Siyu , Bednarczyk Robert A. , Vasudevan Lavanya , Corlin Laura
Published: June 2024

Given the increase in COVID-19 emergency department visits and hospitalizations during the winter of 2023–2024, identifying groups that have a high prevalence of COVID-19 cases, severity, and long-term symptoms can help increase efforts toward reducing disparities and prevent severe COVID-19 outcomes. Using data from the 2022 National Health Interview Survey (n = 27,651), we assessed the prevalence of COVID-19 outcomes (prior diagnosis, moderate/severe COVID-19, and long COVID) by sociodemographic characteristics and factors associated with each COVID-19 outcome. Approximately one third of adults reported a prior COVID-19 diagnosis (30.7%), while one half (51.6%) who had COVID-19 reported moderate or severe symptoms, and one fifth (19.7%) who had COVID-19 symptoms reported long COVID. The following were associated with higher odds of moderate/severe COVID-19 and long COVID: havinga high-risk condition (aOR = 1.20, OR = 1.52); having anxiety or depression (OR = 1.46, OR = 1.49); having a disability (OR = 1.41, OR = 1.60); and having a food insecurity (OR = 1.37, OR = 1.50) compared to a lack of these conditions. Having two or more COVID-19 vaccinations was associated with lower odds of a COVID-19 diagnosis (OR = 0.75), moderate/severe COVID-19 (OR = 0.86), and long COVID (OR = 0.82). Improving vaccination coverage and reducing disparities in COVID-19 outcomes could advance health equities and protect against future resurgence of disease.
Human Papillomavirus Perceptions, Vaccine Uptake, and Sexual Risk Factors in Students Attending a Large Public Midwestern University
Authors: Jensen JaNiese E. , Wendt Linder H. , Spring Joseph C. , Jackson Jay Brooks
Published: June 2024

Background: It was to understand HPV vaccination patterns, uptake, perceptions, and sexual risk factors in students at a Midwest public university. Participants: Students were enrolled during the spring 2024 semester at the University of Iowa. Methods: A survey was developed and emailed to 28,095 students asking demographic, general and sexual health, and HPV-related questions. Results: The response rate was 4.9%, with 76% females and a median age of 22. The HPV vaccine uptake was 82%, with 88% recommending the vaccine. Parental preference was the main reason for being unvaccinated. The median age of sexual debut was 17 years, with a median of 2 sexual partners. Vaccination was associated with female, health science, sexually active, and COVID-19/influenza vaccinated students. Conclusions: HPV vaccine uptake at University of Iowa students is higher than the national and Iowa averages. Increased education regarding HPV vaccination is still needed, particularly in males, those not having sex, and those not receiving other vaccines.
Meta-Transcriptomic Analysis Reveals Novel RNA Viruses in Polychaetes Perinereis
Authors: Luo Jingfei , Zhang Fan , Zhou Chengyan , Meng Fanzeng , Wang Guohao , Qiu Liang , Shi Weifeng , Huang Jie , Dong Xuan
Published: June 2024

Perinereis species are essential benthonic animals in coastal ecosystems and have significant roles as live feed in aquaculture, owing to their high-protein and low-fat nutritional profile. Despite their ecological importance, the viral communities associated with these organisms need to be better understood. In this study, we generated 2.6 × 108 reads using meta-transcriptomic sequencing and de novo assembled 5.3 × 103 virus-associated contigs. We identified 12 novel RNA viruses from two species, Perinereis aibuhitensis and P. wilsoni, which were classified into four major viral groups: Picobirnaviridae, Marnaviridae, unclassified Picornavirales, and unclassified Bunyavirales. Our findings revealed the hidden diversity of viruses and genome structures in Perinereis, enriching the RNA virosphere and expanding the host range of Picobirnaviridae, Marnaviridae, and Bunyavirales. This study also highlighted the potential biosecurity risk of the novel viruses carried by Perinereis to aquaculture.
Water Footprint and Water Sustainability of Agroindustrial Avocado Production in a Warm Tropical Climate Municipality: A Case Study in the Michoacan Avocado Belt in Central México
Authors: Fuerte-Velázquez Diana J. , Gómez-Tagle Alberto
Published: June 2024

Water is a fundamental resource for ecosystems, humans, and the development of all economic sectors; it is necessary to identify and evaluate its environmental pressures and impacts. The water footprint (WF) is an appropriate indicator for the consumption of water used to produce a product. The present study uses this tool to evaluate the green and blue water requirements and the sustainability of irrigation water use for agroindustrial avocado production in Ziracuaretiro, Michoacán (2012–2021). Our analysis was based on aggregating weather and soil data at the municipal level and official government databases of avocado cultivated surface, fruit production, and water rights concessions. The analysis considers the homogeneity of information throughout the study area. We estimated that rainfed plantations require 839.03 m3/ton, and irrigated plantations require 2355.80 m3/ton, with an average of 1597.47 m3/ton. In addition, we determined that avocado cultivation can demand up to 124.3% of agricultural water concessions in this municipality. Moreover, the WF estimates and the analysis indicate that such studies are fundamental for decision-makers to develop and implement water use efficiency strategies and shows the need for further research related to the water consumption of avocado as a crop at more detailed scales.
Lightweight Type-IV Hydrogen Storage Vessel Boss Based on Optimal Sealing Structure
Authors: Shao Weidong , Wang Jing , Hu Donghai , Lu Dagang , Xu Yinjie
Published: June 2024

The seal and weight of the Type IV hydrogen storage vessel are the key problems restricting the safety and driving range of fuel cell vehicles. The boss, as a metal medium connecting the inner liner of the Type IV hydrogen storage vessel with the external pipeline, affects the sealing performance of the Type IV hydrogen storage vessel, and there is no academic research on the weight of the boss. Therefore, according to the force characteristics of the boss, this paper divides the upper and lower areas (valve column and plate). The valve column with seal optimization and light weight is manufactured with a 3D printing additive, while the plate bearing and transferring the internal pressure load is manufactured by forging. Firstly, a two-dimensional axisymmetric simulation model of the sealing ring was established, and the effects of different compression rates on its seal performance were analyzed. Then, the size and position of the sealing groove were sampled, simulated, and optimized based on the Latin Hypercube method, and the reliability of the optimal seal structure was verified by experiments. Finally, the Solid Isotropic Material with Penalization (SIMP) topology method was used to optimize the weight of the boss with optimal sealing structure, and the reconstructed model was checked and analyzed. The results show that the weight of the optimized boss is reduced by 9.6%.
Assessment of User Preferences for In-Car Display Combinations during Non-Driving Tasks: An Experimental Study Using a Virtual Reality Head-Mounted Display Prototype
Authors: Li Liang , Carlos Chacon Quintero Juan , Yang Zijiang , Ono Kenta
Published: June 2024

The goal of vehicular automation is to enhance driver comfort by reducing the necessity for active engagement in driving. This allows for the performance of non-driving-related tasks (NDRTs), with attention shifted away from the driving process. Despite this, there exists a discrepancy between current in-vehicle display configurations and the escalating demands of NDRTs. This study investigates drivers’ preferences for in-vehicle display configurations within highly automated driving contexts. Utilizing virtual reality head-mounted displays (VR-HMDs) to simulate autonomous driving scenarios, this research employs Unity 3D Shape for developing sophisticated head movement tracking software. This setup facilitates the creation of virtual driving environments and the gathering of data on visual attention distribution. Employing an orthogonal experiment, this experiment methodically analyses and categorizes the primary components of in-vehicle display configurations to determine their correlation with visual immersion metrics. Additionally, this study incorporates subjective questionnaires to ascertain the most immersive display configurations and to identify key factors impacting user experience. Statistical analysis reveals that a combination of Portrait displays with Windshield Head-Up Displays (W-HUDs) is favored under highly automated driving conditions, providing increased immersion during NDRTs. This finding underscores the importance of tailoring in-vehicle display configurations to individual needs to avoid distractions and enhance user engagement.
Mass, Centre of Gravity Location and Inertia Tensor of Electric Vehicles: Measured Data for Accurate Accident Reconstruction
Authors: Previati Giorgio , Mastinu Gianpiero , Gobbi Massimiliano
Published: June 2024

Accurate accident reconstruction requires the knowledge of the mass properties of vehicles, namely the centre of gravity location, the mass and the inertia tensor. Such data are seldom available, especially in case of newly produced electric vehicles. In this paper, vehicle inertia measurements, performed at Politecnico di Milano, refer to a number of electric vehicles. In addition to the “simple” measurement of vehicle inertia, measured mass properties are analysed to derive the proper empirical formulae for the estimation of the centre of gravity height and the moments of inertia. Both internal combustion and electric vehicles are considered. Data show a significant difference in the mass properties of the two types of vehicles. The proposed formulae can be effectively employed to quickly obtain a reasonable estimation of the mass properties of any vehicle. The results show that electric vehicles are characterised by higher values of mass with respect to internal combustion vehicles, but they present a lower centre of gravity location and proportionally lower values of the moments of inertia.
OurSCARA: Awareness-Based Recommendation Services for Sustainable Tourism
Authors: Nguyen Luong Vuong
Published: June 2024

Sustainable tourism has emerged as a critical concern in contemporary society due to its potential to mitigate negative environmental and socio-cultural impacts associated with traditional tourism practices. In this context, recommendation systems (RS) are crucial in shaping travelers’ choices toward sustainable options. This research article proposes an innovative approach to RS tailored for sustainable tourism, termed Sustainability and Cultural Awareness-based Recommendation Algorithm (OurSCARA). OurSCARA integrates awareness of environmental and socio-cultural factors (sustainability attributes) into the recommendation process to facilitate informed decision-making by travelers. The system leverages data analytics techniques, including sentiment analysis, user profiling, and collaborative filtering (CF), to personalize recommendations based on users’ preferences, sustainability preferences, and contextual factors. Furthermore, OurSCARA incorporates real-time data sources such as weather conditions, local events, and community initiatives to enhance the relevance and timeliness of recommendations. A prototype implementation of OurSCARA is presented, along with a comprehensive evaluation framework to assess its effectiveness in promoting sustainable tourism behaviors. Through empirical evaluation using datasets collected from TripAdivsor, we demonstrate the potential of OurSCARA to influence traveler behavior towards more sustainable choices while enhancing their overall tourism experience. The findings underscore the significance of integrating sustainability considerations into RS and pave the way for future research and development in this emerging area at the intersection of computer science and sustainable tourism.
New horizons in comprehensive rehabilitation of patients with melanoma: improved outcomes through an integrated approach to immunotherapy
Authors:   JSC «Group of Companies «Medsi», Clinical Hospital Medsi in Otradny, Mochalova A. S. ,   Pridnestrovian State University named after T. G. Shevchenko, Koneva E. S. ,   Federal State Autonomous Educational Institution of Higher Education «First Moscow State Medical University named after. THEM. Sechenov» of the Ministry of Health of Russia (Sechenov University), Moscow, Russia; JSC «Group of Companies «Medsi», Clinical Hospital Medsi in Otradny, Suetina M. S. ,   JSC «Group of Companies «Medsi», Clinical Hospital Medsi in Otradny
Published: June 2024

Abstract. The article discusses issues of a comprehensive rehabilitation approach for patients with melanoma when treated with immunotherapy. By focusing on innovative treatments, the study highlights the need to integrate nutritional support, physical therapy, magnetic therapy and psychological support to improve quality of life and enhance the effectiveness of immunotherapy regimens. Purpose. The study aims to evaluate the impact of a multidisciplinary rehabilitation program on improving physiological functions, psychoemotional well-being and the impact on the overall antitumor response, which together can improve the quality of life of patients with melanoma. Materials and methods. The study included 135 patients diagnosed with melanoma who received a course of immunotherapy. In the study group (the main group), a complex of rehabilitation techniques was used (magnetic therapy, physical therapy, nutritional support, psychological support), while in the control group, patients did not undergo an accompanying comprehensive rehabilitation program. Treatment effectiveness was assessed in accordance with iRECIST 1.1 criteria. To assess the quality of life, the Russian version of the EORTC QLQ-C30 questionnaire was used. The severity of adverse events was assessed according to CTCAE 5.0 criteria. Results. Patients from the main group who received comprehensive rehabilitation support along with immunotherapy showed an improvement in their general physical condition and a decrease in the intensity of some side effects of treatment. Patients in the control group who received only standard immunotherapy also showed changes in their health status, but these changes were less pronounced compared to the main group. Adverse events during treatment occurred in 55 % of patients in the main group and in 74 % in the control group. Patients in the main group noted an improvement in quality of life by 25 %, while in patients in the control group this figure was 12 %. An 18 % improvement in general condition was noted by patients in the main group, while patients in the control group noted an 8 % improvement in general condition. Conclusion. Implementation of a multidisciplinary rehabilitation approach, including nutritional support, physical therapy exercises, magnetic therapy, and psychological support, demonstrates significant improvements in symptom management and quality of life in melanoma patients undergoing immunotherapy.
Dynamics of clinical and laboratory indicators in patients with diabetic nephropathy caused by arterial hypertension after complex recovery treatment
Authors:   SAHCI SR «Aramil City Hospital», Aramil, Sverdlovsk region, Evsina M. G. , Borzunova Yu. M. ,   SFBEI HE «Ural State Medical University» of the Ministry of Healthcare, Ekaterinburg, Fedorov А. А. ,   SFBEI HE «Ural State Medical University» of the Ministry of Healthcare, Ekaterinburg; FBIS «Ekaterinburg medical — research center for prevention and health protection of workers in industrial enterprises» Rospotrebnadzor, Ekaterinburg
Published: June 2024

Abstract. The purpose of the study is to evaluate the dynamics of clinical and laboratory parameters with patients suffering from diabetic nephropathy (DN) caused by arterial hypertension (AH) after using complex rehabilitation treatment. Materials and methods. Open-label, prospective, randomized controlled trial was conducted on 148 patients with DN caused by hypertension, whose average age was 62.4 [52.4; 69.9] years old, the duration of AH — 24.5 [14.3; 36.4], diabetes mellitus (DM) type 2–16.8 [14.7; 19.3] and DN — 6.0 [4.0; 8.7] years. We studied clinical symptoms and laboratory parameters in dynamics (glucose, glycated hemoglobin, albumin, creatinine, their ratio, proteinuria and glomerular filtration rate) with this category of patients which included a control group (49 people) who was prescribed standard medication, a comparison group (48 people) who additionally had Nordic walking (NW), and a main group (51 people) that, in addition, was prescribed magnetic laser therapy (MLT) as part of the complex. Research results. The patients suffering from DN caused by AH showed some data indicating the positive effect of complex restorative therapy (medical standard with the additional use of NW and MLT) on the clinical manifestations of pathology and renal function including the condition of the glomerular filter and the endothelium of renal capillaries. Conclusions. The results of the conducted study allow us to recommend the prescription of complex restorative treatment for patients suffering from DN caused by AH taking into account contraindications to the use of physical methods of therapy.
The effectiveness of medical and psychological rehabilitation of patients with nervous tension
Authors:   Sanatorium and resort complex «Moscow region» of the Russian Ministry of Defense, Moscow, Russia, Sobolev A. V. , Trishkin D. V. ,   Main Military Medical Directorate of the Russian Ministry of Defense, Moscow, Russia, Ponomarenko G. N. ,   Albrecht Federal Scientific and Educational Centre of Medical and Social Expertise and Rehabilitation, St. Petersburg, Russia; North-Western State Medical Univers ity named after I. I. Mechnikov, St. Petersburg, S. M. Kirov Military Medical Academy of the Russian Ministry of Defense, St. Petersburg, Russia, Grigoriev S. G. ,   S. M. Kirov Military Medical Academy of the Russian Ministry of Defense, St. Petersburg, Russia
Published: June 2024

Abstract. The prevalence of anxiety disorders during life among residents of developed countries reaches 34 %. The low effectiveness of pharmacotherapy and psychotherapy determines the search for comprehensive technologies for the treatment of patients with nervous tension. The purpose of the study: to determine the prognosis of the effectiveness of medical and psychological rehabilitation (MPR) in patients with nervous tension and to identify its determinants. Methods: 254 patients aged 32 (19–50) years with nervous tension (ICD–X code R45.0) were studied. The complex of medical and psychological rehabilitation included physical exercises, courses of audiovisual polysensory relaxation, transcranial magnetic therapy, alpha massage, sodium chloride baths, climatotherapy, cognitive behavioral psychotherapy and therapeutic nutrition. The total duration of the MPR course is 10–20 days. To determine the relationship between integral health parameters and individual clinical and functional signs of nervous tension, correlation analysis was performed, canonical correlation analysis was used to select the most informative signs, and discriminant analysis was used to determine the prognosis of MPR and the dominants of its effectiveness. Results: A significant improvement in clinical and psychological status, physical health, increased physical performance, increased adaptive potential and autonomic regulation in patients was revealed. Significant high correlations of improvement of adaptive potential and physical performance with SAD (0.77), double product (0.81), Martin — Kushelevsky breakdown (0.74), average — with heart rate (0.58), DBP (0.69), level of physical health (0.54), weak — with BMI (0.47) were established. The effectiveness of MPR in patients with FA is 90 %. The determinants of effectiveness are indicators characterizing the heart rate, SAD, double product, BMI, age, Kerdo vegetative index, DAD, indicators of the Martinet — Kushelevsky test and physical performance PWC170–1. Conclusion: Various components of the pathogenesis of nervous tension determine the choice of rehabilitation technologies, the combination of mechanisms of therapeutic action of which determine the high effectiveness of MPR in patients with nervous tension.