bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Battery cooling structure development for BEV
Authors:   Honda R&D Co.,ltd. Automobile Center Tochigi, JAPAN, Hakuta Noriyasu , Yamagishi Yosuke , Matsumoto Manabu , Minami Katsuya , Shinoda Kaito
Published: April 2022

In recent years, environmental regulations such as the reduction of greenhouse gas emissions have been attracting significant attention around the world. Therefore, demand for battery electric vehicles (BEV) that emit no greenhouse gas while driving is expected to increase in near future. Lithium-ion batteries, which are the power source of BEV, are required to be precisely thermo-controlled at narrow temperature range, because at high temperature environment, the aging is advanced, meanwhile at low temperature environment, the driving range is shortened by the increase in the internal resistance of the battery cell. Therefore, it is important to optimally design the cooling passage inside the battery pack and the battery cooling structure that keep the battery temperature at an appropriate range with minimum temperature difference between cells. The cooling structure, consisting of battery modules, cooling plates and thermal pads, requires both of the cooling performance and the structure durability under various driving conditions. The purpose of this study is to develop the battery cooling structure and the passage inside the battery pack that highly balance high cooling performance and sufficient structural durablity with light weight. The flow path shape in the cooling plate was optimally determined by combination of computational fluid dynamics (CFD) and optimization tool so that the required thermal transfer rate was fulfilled under minimum pressure loss across the flow path. In addition, the cooling water inlet diameter of each cooling plate connected in parallel was optimized to minimize the flow rate variation between the cooling plates, which enables the reduction of cell temperature variation. And using structural analysis, we worked on optimizing the cooling plate and mount stiffness in consideration of the characteristics of the rubber mounts and thermal pads, which are essential for the floating structure. As a result, the cooling plate holding structure was designed to ensure the durablity under various driving conditions. Moreover, we succeeded in developing a cooling structure that secured the contact between the battery modules and thermal pads for each vibration input. The results not only achieved high cooling performance and sufficient structural duablity, but also contributed to the reduction in parts number for the structure. The developed cooling structure was adopted into “Honda e” released in 2020.
Evaluation Study of a Multi-Mode HEV with a Dedicated Hybrid Transmission
Authors:   Czech Technical University in Prague, CZECH REPUBLIC, Toman Rastislav , Macek Jan
Published: April 2022

The current legislation requires the increasing levels of vehicle powertrain electrification or hybridization to fulfill the limits of green-house gas emissions. Parallel hybrid electric vehicle (HEV) powertrain topologies are among the frequently used layouts, because of their easy applicability on an existing conventional powertrain by the addition of hybrid modules with mild, full, or plug-in capability. A more “HEV-tailored” approach merges a dedicated hybrid transmission (DHT), an ICE, a gearbox, and one or more electric motors more closely together, reducing HEV powertrain’s mechanical complexity and costs. The current paper investigates a multi-mode HEV with a DHT and two electric machines in optional electric serial or parallel operating modes. Great challenge for the multi-mode HEV topology with DHT is the component sizing: ICE, electric machines, and battery with optimized capacity, and yet fulfilling several roles. On one hand, satisfactory responsiveness on a dynamic driving demands (vehicle acceleration capabilities, top speed etc.). On the other hand, energy consumption achieving better levels than standard parallel HEV topologies. The other challenge for a multi-mode HEV powertrain – similarly as for all HEV powertrains – is a development and optimization of a powertrain supervisory control, based on energy management strategy. These challenges – overall DHT layout, component sizing, and energy management – closely interact and, therefore, must be optimized together. The paper addresses all these challenges using multi-parametric optimization toolchain, that combines a parametric HEV model, energy management strategy, and optimization software. The optimization software includes various optimization strategies: genetic algorithms, gradient based methods, or their combinations. The parametric HEV model is built in GT-Suite 0D/1D/3D multi-physics CAE system simulation software, that also includes different energy management strategies, either locally or globally optimal, considering the whole driving cycle. The toolchain is then used to evaluate the optimal component sizing for two different vehicle classes and fuel economy in a homologation driving cycle and in some real-world driving scenarios. All results are compared to in-house benchmark method.
Managementul școlii de arte "A. Stârcea" din mun. Chișinău: semnificații și aprecieri
Authors: Mândrescu Iulia
Published: April 2022

The management’s significance of the curriculum in the art school, the correspondence of the pedagogical and the curriculum of the „A. Stârcea”, the opportunity to differentiated he training and the investigation results regarding the appreciation of the school activity by the educational subjects is be in gad dressed.
Eficientizarea stilului de conducere prin valorificarea sistemului metodologic-managerial al școlii
Authors: Călin Iuliana
Published: April 2022

The article addresses the school manager's style of leadership, his influence in the perspective of the changes started and the development of the school by applying a suitable methodological-managerial system, the results of the investigation regarding the appreciation of the manager's style and personality traits by the cadres teaching.
Conceptualizarea modelului de conducere a şcolii bazat pe competenţe
Authors: Calapod Valeria
Published: April 2022

The article addresses the concept of school management from the perspective of managerial skills, by valorizing human resources in order to increase the quality of the educational act. In this sense, the director's style of leadership is very important and should be geared towards stimulating and motivating teachers. An integrated leadership model of the school based on skills, in which the manager will permanently interact with the subordinate staff will ultimately lead to individual and organizational performance in accordance with the educational standards.
Подготовка будущих педагогов к профессиональной деятельности в процессе педагогической практики
Authors: Багно Ю.Н.
Published: April 2022

A general idea of the essence of the pedagogical profession, knowledge about the features of the organization of the educational process in general educational institutions is formed by future teachers in the process of passing pedagogical practice. In the process of interaction with students, a student can become convinced of his or her abilities and determine future prospects, realize personal qualities and assess their own professional readiness for teaching. In practice conditions are fixed theoretical knowledge obtained in the process of studying pedagogy, psychology, valeology; abilities and skills are formed to observe pedagogical phenomena, analyze them and formulate conclusions; there is an acquaintance with the current state of organization of the educational process in educational institutions, with advanced teaching experience, the implementation of their ideas in practice, an analysis of their own activities and the level of their own professional training for teaching activities.
Nicolae Grigorescu – marele rapsod al plaiului românesc
Authors: Ursachi Rodica
Published: April 2022

The article aims at the creation of the Romanian artist Nicolae Grigorescu, which through his work has made a considerable contribution to the national painting. His creation introduced in Romanian painting a new conception, vision and plastic language, the artist being considered as a pioneer of modern art. Nicolae Grigorescu, through his „peasant” painting, has highlighted the Romanian spirituality (man, nature, the joy of life), and highlighted the beauty of his native plateau.
Managementul clusterului educațional
Authors: Baciu Sergiu
Published: April 2022

The article elucidates the importance and the way of organizing, functioning of the educational cluster.
Self-Portraits for Social Change: Audience Response to a Photovoice Exhibition by Women with Disability
Authors: Macdonald Diane , Dew Angela , Fisher Karen , Boydell Katherine
Published: April 2022

Negative attitudes about and behaviours towards women with disability are harmful and exclusionary, contributing to poorer health, income, educational, and employment outcomes. Our study focused on what audiences learnt, felt, and did (what changed) after viewing self-portraits and stories by women with disability. We questioned whether a public exhibition of their artworks, created through photovoice methodology, could be an effective platform to provoke social change and increase inclusion for people with disability. We collected audience response to our exhibition to address a research gap and to provide an example for other photovoice researchers. We employed interpretive thematic analysis through a generic social processes framework to interrogate responses. Our findings indicate that audiences learnt as much about themselves and their views of disability as they did about the women photographers. The audience described feelings of empathic engagement. They also expressed an unsettling between previously held assumptions around disability and new perspectives gained through the exhibition. Audiences changed how they view women with disability by engaging with the underlying messages of equality in the self-portraits and stories. Audiences thought the exhibition would change other people’s views, too, indicating a pathway to greater inclusion for people with disability.
Qualitative Data Analysis for Health Research: A Step-by-Step Example of Phenomenological Interpretation
Authors: Monaro Sue , Gullick Janice , West Sandra
Published: April 2022

Phenomenological studies have been critiqued when analytic activities and intersection with the underpinning philosophy lack clarity. This methodological discussion paper describes data analysis in hermeneutic interpretive phenomenology. Data management strategies (transcript preparation, coding, philosophy application, tabling/concept maps, and Microsoft Word) and data analysis processes (reduction, display, and conclusion drawing/verification) are illustrated. Deconstruction, reconstruction, and reorganisation of themes/subthemes using hierarchical heading styles to populate the navigation pane and philosophical tenets acted as analytic hooks. This paper has outlined data analysis in hermeneutic interpretive phenomenology, including the use of MS Word and its functionality, which was supported by other data display strategies to enhance data visualisation and verification. Techniques described are transferrable to other qualitative methodologies.
UTICAJ MINERALNIH ĐUBRIVA NA FLORISTIČKI SASTAV I PRINOS TRAVNE ZAJEDNICE „FESTUCO-NARDETUM STRICTAE SUBALPINUM“
Authors:   Institute for fodder crops Globoder, Kruševac Serbia, Zornić Vladimir , Petrović Mirjana , Anđelković Snežana , Babić Snežana , Sokolović Dejan , Lugić Zoran , Marković Jordan
Published: April 2022

This study was aimed to investigate influence of different doses of mineral fertilizers addition on grassland community type Festuco-Nardetum strictae subalpinum. In the course of the study influence of the following fertilized treatments: control, N60P60K60; N90P60K60; N120P60K60 on floristic composition and dry matter yield was investigated. The obtained results suggested that grasses percent increased, while forbs percent decreased in all fertilizer treatments. Grassland quality index and dry matter yield were increased by application of mineral fertilizers in both years of study.
FIZIČKE OSOBINE PLODA SORTI TREŠNJE NA PODLOZI GISELA
Authors:   1Džemal Bijedić University, Agromediterraneum Faculty, Mostar, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Badžak Nedim , Radović Mirjana , Aliman Jasmina , Kulina Mirko , Hasanbegović Jasna  Sejfić , Šupljeglav Jukić Aleksandra
Published: April 2022

The physical properties of three sweet cherry cultivars grafted on Gisela 6 rootstock were studied in agroecological conditions of Blagaj, Herzegovina (southern part of Bosnia and Herzegovina), during a period of two years (2020‒2021). The research included fruit and stone weight, flesh ratio, stalk length, fruit dimensions and fruit shape index) of Early Lory, Regina and Kordia cultivars. The fruits of the cultivar Kordia had the highest fruit and stone weight, flesh ratio, stalk length, fruit width as well as fruit shape index. The cultivar Early Lory had the highest fruit width and thickness. Based on the results, the cultivar Kordia showed the best results of physical properties of the fruit compared to the cultivar Early Lory and Regina.
RODNOST STONIH SORTI INTERSPECIES HIBRIDA U USLOVIMA BANJALUČKE REGIJE
Authors:   University of Banja Luka, Faculty of Agriculture, Jovanović-Cvetković Tatjana , Mijatović Dragutin , Radojević Ivana , Starčević Danijela
Published: April 2022

Interspecies hybrids are classified in a special category of domesticated grapevines. In Bosnia and Herzegovina, on the territory of Herzegovina, table grapes for commodity production and varieties with all ripening periods can be successfully grown. Starting from the interspecies hybrids characteristics and having in mind the non-existent tradition of table grape varieties production in northern Bosnia there is a need to introduce this type of varieties in experiments on this area. The paper presents the results of two - year research of introduced table varieties Palatina, Nero, Ester and Ruski rani which belong to the group of interspecies hybrids. The variety Shasla red was used as a comparative variety. The variety Palatina had the highest average grape cluster weight (251.3 g), while the variety Šasla crvena had the highest average absolute fertility coefficient (2.4). In the Ruski rani variety, a relatively high sugar content was noticed in the must (18.3%). All examined varieties deserve attention and they may have a significant place in table varieties production in the northern Bosnia, in the upcoming period.
Reality of Awareness and Response of Students to the Risks of Child Sexual Abuse in Cyberspace
Authors:   Faculty of Social Work, Hanoi National University of Education, Thuy Pham Thi Thanh
Published: April 2022

This article mainly discuss the reality of awareness and response of students to the risks of child sexual abuse in cyberspace at Van Hoang secondary School in Phu Xuyen district, Hanoi. The survey results are collected from the opinions of 220 students in the research area. The study indicates that students have a certain understanding of the expressions and risks of sexual abuse in cyberspace, however, many of them fail to be correctly aware of these issues. In addition, the research results also show the limited awareness of students about ways of repsonse, prevention and self – protection agaisnt the risks of sexual abuse. Therefore, it is urgent to improve knowledge and skills of secondary school students to cope with the expressions and risks of sexual abuse in cyberspace and realistic solutions are needed.
ANCAT: An Autonomous Learning Card Kit to Help Students Write Ionic Formula
Authors:   Faculty of Education, University of Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang Selangor, Malaysia, Stanley Theresa
Published: April 2022

The fundamental of introductory chemistry is formula writing. The basic requirements of high school chemistry subjects are writing chemical formulas, including writing an ionic formula. Students require good practice and knowledge of the formula and charge of the ions to write the ionic formula and name the ionic compound. A set of cards called "Ancat" consists of the basic atom of the ion on one side, and on the reverse side is the name and formula of the ions. The set of cards comprises the anion and cation cards distinguished by color. High school students would use these cards as a self-directed learning tool. As a selfdirected learning tool, students will construct the ionic formula using the card; then, write the formula and vice-versa. By using the cards, students will be able to identify the symbol of each ion, the charge of each ion, the name of the ions, determine the correct formula of each ionic compound by considering the total charge of an ionic compound is zero, and learn the name of the ionic compound. Teachers can replace the traditional homework with this ductile method that can aid motivation in students; besides that, these cards are suitable for blended learning tools in the classroom.
Análise dos padrões de consumo alimentar dos arranjos domiciliares monoparentais referenciados por mulheres
Authors:   , Domingos Júnior Wellington Adilson
Published: April 2022

Estudos referentes aos arranjos domiciliares monoparentais, referenciados por mulheres, atribuem, a esse específico agrupamento domiciliar, estarem em maior situação de vulnerabilidade social, devido às condições econômicas e a certas disparidades que se iniciam nas diferenças de gênero. Todavia, entende-se que a condição de vulnerabilidade pode ser encontrada inclusive na prática do consumo alimentar, destacando-se as condições precárias associadas à aquisição de alimentos. Portanto, o presente trabalho procura investigar o impacto das variáveis socioeconômicas sobre o nível de gastos com o consumo alimentar dos arranjos domiciliares monoparentais referenciados por mulheres. Dessa forma, torna-se relevante o estudo sobre os principais fatores que tendem a ampliar possíveis situações de risco e de precariedade. Dentre os recursos metodológicos utilizados, destaca-se a pesquisa descritiva e quantitativa, onde foram tratados microdados referentes à POF - Pesquisa de Orçamentos Familiares (2017-2018) realizada pelo IBGE -, além da construção de uma regressão linear multivariada. Para isso, faz-se importante enxergar o arranjo domiciliar monoparental não como um agrupamento homogêneo e sim como uma tipologia familiar repleta de particularidades, com fatores específicos que, por sua vez, podem denotar situações ampliadas de risco. Logo, considera-se necessário o estabelecimento de um diagnóstico nacional, com referência na realidade da monoparentalidade feminina no Brasil, para que possíveis políticas públicas sejam mais incisivas e eficazes, respeitando regionalidades e especificidades. Palavras-chave: Mulheres. Monoparentalidade. Consumo. Domicílios.
Prática de checagem de fatos no Brasil contemporâneo: uma análise de condições psicossociais de produção linguageira
Authors:   , Miranda Leonne Sá Fortes de Castro
Published: April 2022

Durante as eleições presidenciais brasileiras de 2018 pode ser observado empiricamente uma incidência significativa de narrativas falsas, pretensamente verdadeiras, que buscavam dar conta de fatos e acontecimentos políticos, sobretudo aqueles relacionados com o pleito. Em paralelo, também pode ser observado um grande fluxo de notícias de checagem de fatos, ou fact-checking, textos que incidiam sobre essas narrativas com o intuito de verificar dados fornecidos publicamente e fornecer um parecer em termos de verdadeiro e falso (GRAVES, 2016). Partindo da hipótese de que estes textos fazem parte de uma prática social recente e em ascensão e que, em consequência, estrutura um domínio de prática linguageira (CHARAUDEAU, 2004; 2005; 2016), esta pesquisa teve como objetivo descrever a configuração, analisar e interpretar a prática social de checagem de fatos em contexto brasileiro a partir da análise de seu gênero situacional (CHARAUDEAU, 2004). Para isso, foram selecionados 162 textos, publicados entre os períodos 16 de agosto e 28 de outubro, por duas equipes de checagem de fatos brasileiras, a Agência Lupa e o grupo Aos Fatos. Destes textos foram investigadas suas condições psicossociais de produção, a saber: o dispositivo sociolinguageiro, as identidades psicossociais e linguageiras dos parceiros da troca, suas finalidades e o objeto temático da troca, ou propósito (CHARAUDEAU, 2004). Nesse sentido, pudemos observar que a checagem de fatos está diretamente vinculada a um ambiente digital de produção, sob os efeitos da midiatização, fenômeno que assinala transformações profundas da sociedade a partir da configuração de um novo ambiente sociocultural, condicionado pelo aparecimento e consolidação dos meios digitais de comunicação em associação à prevalência da lógica financeira de mercado (SODRÉ, 2020; FRANÇA, 2020). Palavras-chave: Checagem de fatos. Teoria semiolinguística do discurso. Midiatização. Fake news. Jornalismo
Rural Professional Learning: Systemic and Student Perspectives
Authors:   Batchelor Institute of Indigenous Tertiary Education, Guenther John , Lasselle Laurence
Published: April 2022

In this issue of the Australian and International Journal of Rural Education, our authors present a series of perspectives about rural professional learning. These perspectives relate to teacher education, rural clinical placements, rural pathways to university, and credentialling of remote education tutors. Each paper demonstrates how important context is, highlighting the challenges and solutions to real-world rural education issues.
Sarcoidosis: an experience from a tertiary care center in Karachi Pakistan
Authors: Mustafa Ali Khan  , Hamza Ahmed Ibad  , Sahibzada Muhammad Hamid Hussain  , Maryam Hassan  , Akbar Shoukat Ali  , Ali Bin Sarwar Zubairi
Published: April 2022

Objectives: To assess the demographic and clinical characteristics and treatment of patients with sarcoidosis in tertiary care settings.
Method: The descriptive retrospective study was conducted at the Aga Khan University Hospital, Karachi, and comprised data from 2017 to 2019 of patients with established diagnosis of sarcoidosis.  Data was collected on a predesigned proforma and it was analysed using SPSS 23.
Results: Of the 974 patients evaluated, sarcoidosis was established in 108(11.1%); 58(53.7%) of them being females. The overall mean age was 50.9±12.9 years. Hypertension 49(45.4%) and diabetes mellitus 37(34.3%) were the most frequent co-morbidities. Extra-pulmonary manifestations were found in 27(25%) patients; ophthalmic 9(33.3%), musculoskeletal 8(29.6%) and skin 7(25.9%). Prednisolone was the mainstay of treatment in 93(86.1%) patients.
Conclusion: Sarcoidosis was not found to be rare in Pakistan.
Key Words: Sarcoidosis, Pulmonary, Extra-pulmonary, Karachi, Pakistan.
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Exploiting the power of Gamification in Journal club
Authors: Bashir Muhammad Mustehsan , Khan Rehan Ahmad
Published: April 2022

Objective: To compare the effect of individual versus team competitiongamification on trainees’ engagement in journal club.
Methods: The quasi-experimental study was conducted at two tertiary care hospitals in Lahore, Pakistan, from December, 2019 to May, 2020, and comprised all plastic surgery residents in training years 3-5who had attended non-gamified journal club sessions. They were divided into two groups. Initially, two journal club sessions were run in a gamified manner. Group 1had an individual competition whereas group 2 had a team competition. In the second phase, the group orientation was reversed. Engagement scores were measured using the student engagement survey toolat baseline, at the completion of the first part, and at end of the intervention. Data was analysed using SPSS 22.
Results: Of the 44 participants, 23(52.3%) were in group 1 and 21(47.7%) in group 2. Overall, there were 27(61%) females and 17(39%) males. The mean age of the sample was 31+/-2 years. Gamification resulted in significant increase in the level of residents’ engagement in journal club activities compared to the baseline scores(p<0.05). There was no significant inter-group difference in the post-intervention engagement scores (p>0.05).
Conclusion: Gamification designs used in the journal club activity increased student engagement level compared to the pre-intervention score, but gamification design was not a significant factor in this regard.
Key Words: Journal club, Gamification, Game designs, Student engagement.
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Plasmodium falciparum resistance and malaria presentation in children at Dongola specialist hospital: A prospective cohort study
Authors: Abdelbagi Elfadil Mousa  , Hamoud Abdullah Alsamhan  , Hafsa Elawd Mohamed Ahmed  , Mohamed Abd Rhman Adris Abdallah  , Osman Mohamed Elhadi Abdalla  , Taroob Abdalwahab Abdalhameed  , Hamed Alneel Albagir Ahmed  , Sania Abdalla Shaddad  , Abdlrahim Abdlahman Abdlhim  , Hashim Ezeldin Ibrahim Salih  , Mawia Ahmed Mustafa
Published: April 2022

Objective: To provide evidence about the susceptibility of anti-malarial drugs, and to identify the clinical features of the disease in children.
Method: The prospective observational comparative study was conducted at the Dongola Specialist Hospital, Dunqulah, Sudan, from February 2016 to February 2017, and comprised children aged <16 years with bodyweight >5kg who had malaria. The subjects were enrolled into group 1, which received treatment based on physician’s discretion, and group 2, which received treatment in accordance with the national guideline. The follow-up was conducted on days 3, 7 and 14 to identify cases as early treatment failure, late treatment failure, or treatment success. Data were analysed in terms of frequencies and percentages using statistical analysis software R version 3.1.2.
Results: Of the 120 children, 60(50%) were in each of the two groups. Overall, 63(52.5%) were aged 1-6 years, 66(55%) were males, and 42(35%) were exposed to malaria for the first time. Post-treatment test was negative for all 120(100%) the subjects in both the groups.  showing no inter-group difference.
Conclusion: Although resistance to combination therapy was not detected, it remains extremely important to remain vigilant for the emergence of resistance in the future.
Key Words: Child, Drug resistance, Malaria, Sudan.
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The effect of the Covid-19 pandemic stressor on the state-trait anxiety level
Authors: Unalan Demet , Candan Zaliha Akkadin , Baynal  Dogan Tugba Gul , Dogan Sermed , Baydur Hakan
Published: April 2022

Objectives: To evaluate the effect that the coronavirus diseases-2019 pandemic will likely have on public and its impact on the state-trait anxiety level of the masses.
Methods: The cross-sectional study was conducted from May 28 to June 5, 2020, in Turkey, with Kayseri province being the first ring of the chain, and comprised adult citizens of either gender living in Turkey during the pandemic period who could use online technologies. The Impact of Event Scale-Revised was used to determine the effects of the pandemic on the public, and the State Anxiety Inventory and the Trait Anxiety Inventory were used to determine the anxiety level of the public. Data was analysed using SPSS 25 and Stata 14.
Results: Of the 1507 subjects, 862(57.2%) were females and 645(42.8%) were males. The largest age group was 18-29 years with 573(38%) sucjects, while the smallest group was aged >60 years with 53(3.5%) subjects. The mean score of State Anxiety Inventory was 39.3±11.3 and mean Trait Anxiety Inventory score was 42.8±8.7, while the Impact of Event Scale-Revised mean score was 27.4±14.5. Each one unit increase in the Impact of Event Scale-Revised total score increased state anxiety score 1.10 times and trait anxiety score 1.07 times.
Conclusions: Increasing age had a protective effect on state-trait anxiety. Consequently, an increase in Impact of Event Scale-Revised score led to an increase in the anxiety level.
Key Words: COVID-19, Anxiety level, Impact of event.
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Understanding the pathogenesis of Graves’ orbitopathy: A new age paradigm
Authors: Deepthi Elizabeth Kurian  , Sanjay Kalra  , Nitin Kapoor
Published: April 2022

Graves' orbitopathy or thyroid associated orbitopathy (TAO) is a disquieting condition both for the patient and the clinician. While the mainstay of treatment of the orbitopathy is corticosteroids, its action is non-specific. The arguments against its use also include multiple side effects and recurrence on stopping it. While some clinicians are complacent with the drug due to our long term experience with it, many are in search for specific so called 'targeted' treatment. The autoimmune process in TAO is rather complex where multiple cytokines act at more than one level making it challenging to control the inflammation. Hence, in order to discover better treatment strategies, having a sound understanding of the pathogenesis of the disease is essential.
Keywords: Graves, Orbital fibroblasts, Autoimmunity.
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The 3x3x3 diet for the management of diabetes and obesity in resource constrained settings
Authors: Sanjay Kalra  , Leepica Kapoor  , Nitin Kapoor
Published: April 2022

In times when diseases like diabetes and obesity have attained pandemic proportions, it is essential to introduce lifestyle changes in early stages to prevent progression of these disorders. In health care systems with heavy patient load, time management is of utmost importance. In this communication, we share a simple 3x3x3 rubric based dietary prescription, which is easy to teach, and easy to grasp. It covers the most important dietary principles that are advocated in various evidence based clinical practice guidelines.
Keywords: Diabesity, diabetes, obesity, lifestyle management, dietary advice, patient centered management, south Asian phenotype.
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Early-onset aggressive oesophageal carcinoma in Down’s syndrome - a coincidence or a game of extra genes?
Authors: Ashraf Fariha , Kiran Aftab  , Faisal Ibrahim  , Muhammad Arsalan
Published: April 2022

Patients with Down’s syndrome exhibit a unique pattern for a number of malignant conditions but there is inconsistent data for the risk of oesophageal cancer. We present a case of early-onset aggressive oesophageal carcinoma in a young male patient diagnosed with Trisomy21, who presented with complaints of progressive dysphagia, vomiting, voice change and weight loss. Barium swallow showed shouldering sign at distal oesophagus. GI Endoscopy revealed an irregular growth at 20cm from incisors obstructing the lumen. Histopathology confirmed well-differentiated adenocarcinoma. CT scan unmasked a circumferential mass involving the dorsal oesophagus with multiple enlarged nodes along with infiltration of basal segments of left lung staging the tumour as T3N1M0. A metallic stent was placed endoscopically through the stenotic tumour and the patient was referred for chemoradiotherapy.
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Specialised Vocabulary in Subtitling Science Documentaries
Authors: Vyzas Theodoros
Published: April 2022

This article describes an exploratory study which tries to shed light on audiovisual translation considered as specialised translation through two English language health-themed documentaries with Greek subtitles. The aim is to highlight the way English specialised vocabulary is translated into Greek.
After a brief overview of the main aspects of interlingual subtitling and the general features of documentaries, the focus moves onto the translation of science documentaries as specialised texts. The methodology is based first on the formal characteristics of the specialised vocabulary identified, and second on a translation strategies model by means of which the translation of the specialised vocabulary is studied. The findings are discussed with emphasis on the specifics of the equivalences provided, in order to proceed to an overall account of the translation.
Lay Summary
Science documentaries make scientific subjects accessible to the general public. They popularise knowledge, so viewers can watch a film easy to understand. However, information on scientific matters is offered to the viewers mostly by means of specialised vocabulary. Things become more complicated when a documentary is on television in a country where people do not speak the language of the film. In such cases, subtitlers create subtitles used in order to make easier for local viewers to understand the scientific information presented in another language.
Although subtitling is widespread all around the world, studies have only focused on subtitling in television series and cinema films. Moreover, researchers have shown little interest in translation of science documentaries from English into Greek. As my mother tongue is Greek, I wanted to study the way that the English specialised vocabulary in such films was translated into Greek.
For this purpose, I studied all kinds of specialised words -medical, economic, legal and administrative terms- that were contained in two English-speaking documentaries investigating health issues. I must point out that subtitlers are hardly ever specialists in the scientific field of the documentaries they translate. By using a specific translation model, I found out that subtitlers had used various ways for the translation of English terms. What is interesting is that even when terms were translated into Greek by means of non-specialised words, the scientific content of both films was transferred into the subtitles, offering a readily comprehensible product without any loss of information.
Kazahsztán krízis után I. : Konszolidáció és elitváltás
Authors: Vasa László
Published: April 2022

Az egykori szovjet közép-ázsiai országban történt közelmúltbeli tiltakozások és zavargások a nemzetközi média figyelmének középpontjába helyezték Kazahsztánt. Ez az ország, a volt Szovjetunió más részeivel ellentétben, de még közép-ázsiai szomszédjaihoz viszonyítva is a világ nagy része számára fehér folt, „terra incognita” maradt. Világszerte próbálják megérteni, mi történt Kazahsztánban, és hogy miért vonultak utcára a kazahok január első napjaiban ebben a viszonylag jó helyzetben lévő országban. Az erőszak több mint kétszáz áldozatot követelt, míg a közvagyonban és a gazdasági életben keletkezett károk mintegy hárommilliárd dollárt tesznek ki. A Szovjetunió felbomlása utáni negyedik évtized elején bekövetkezett véres események nemcsak erre az erőforrásokban gazdag országra, hanem a posztszovjet térség egészére, valamint Oroszországra és Oroszország Nyugattal való kapcsolataira is nagy hatással lesznek.
Analysis of the Impact of Hoax News during the Covid-19 Pandemic from the Perspective of National Defense
Authors: Dwi Prasetyo Mohammad Iqbal , Wayan Midhio Priyanto I
Published: April 2022

Hoax is information that is engineered to cover up the actual information, in other words Hoax is defined as an attempt to distort the facts by using information that is convincing but cannot be verified, it can also be interpreted as an act of obscuring the true information, by flooding the media with false messages so that it can cover up the correct information. Hoax or fake news is one form of Cyber Crime that seems simple, easy to do but has a big impact on people’s social life. Furthermore, the search results obtained were grouped according to the research objectives, namely 1. Description of hoax news, 2. The concept of hoax news and its distribution in the Hoax community, 3. The Impact of Hoax News in Society and 4. National Defense and Security During the COVID-19 Pandemic. obtained then analyzed and discussed, and finally drawn conclusions. We cannot avoid the impact of hoax news in the community, this is because hoax news circulating in the community will directly have an impact on the formation of public opinion against them. Where in the formation of public opinion in the community will also have a very significant impact on social life. In fact, hoaxes are like a disease that can attack anyone at any time. If one person has been vaccinated, at least one person will be immune to various diseases. The same applies to hoax news. After preparing digital literacy protectors, the public hopes that hoax news will not enter. Adhere to digital literacy and expect someone to sift through information, regardless of whether the information is meaningful or not, whether there are arguments, data or facts.
Numerical Simulation of Thermophysical Properties and Heat Transfer Characteristics of Al2O3/CuO Nanofluid with Water/ Ethylene Glycol as Coolant in a Flat Tube of Car Radiator
Authors: Epandi Aisyah Maisarah , Salami Tijani Alhassan , Abdulrahman Sajith Thottathil , Kubenthiran Jeeventh , Muritala Ibrahim Kolawole
Published: April 2022

Thermal energy management in the automobile industry has been a growing challenge to ensure effective engine cooling and increase performance. The objective of this study is to investigate the heat transfer characteristics of nanofluids with different concentrations. The study focuses on the effect of thermophysical properties such as density, viscosity, and thermal conductivity on the thermal performance of the flat tube. Al2O3 and CuO nanoparticles concentrations of 0.05 to 0.3 per cent by volume were added into the mixture of the base fluid. CATIA V5 was used to design the flat tube, and the model was further simulated using ANSYS Fluent, a computational fluid dynamics (CFD) software. The base fluid consisting of 20% ethylene glycol and 80% water was observed to have a thermal conductivity of 0.415 W/m.K. The thermal conductivity, however, increases with the addition of 0.3% volume concentration of Al2O3 and CuO nanofluid, which are 0.9285 W/m.K and 0.9042 W/m.K, respectively. Under the same operating condition, the Nusselt number was observed to increase from 94.514 for the base fluid to 101.36 and 130.46 for both Al2O3 and CuO nanofluid, respectively. It can thus be concluded that CuO with a 0.3% concentration has the highest heat transfer rate compared to others. The heat transfer coefficient was recorded at 22052.200 W/m2 K, and the thermal conductivity obtained was 0.9042 W/mK, Nusselt number was 130.459, and the rate of heat transfer was at 66.71 W. There was a 10% increase in heat transfer coefficient at 0.3% nanofluid concentration when compared to 0.05%.
Forecasting Road Traffic Fatalities in Malaysia Using Seasonal Autoregressive Integrated Moving Average (SARIMA) Model
Authors: Sim Ho Jen , Chong Choo Wei , Abu Kassim Khairil Anwar , Mooi Ching Siew , Yuruixian Zhang
Published: April 2022

In Malaysia, travel activities become more intense during the festive seasons, whereby traffic volume on the roads on average increases about 30%. Consequently, this inevitably increases road traffic fatalities. An integrated enforcement program called the OPS Bersepadu has been carried out since 2011 to ensure high road safety performance. This study was carried out to develop a statistical model for predicting the seasonality of traffic fatalities. A Seasonal Autoregressive Integrated Moving Average (SARIMA) model was used to fit road fatalities data between 1980 and 2000 and forecast traffic fatalities from 2001 to 2019. The results showed that the SARIMA (1, 1, 2) (1, 1, 2)12 model fitted the data fairly well and suggest that the SARIMA model is a possible tool that provides an overview of the seasonal patterns of traffic fatalities in Malaysia. The forecasted traffic fatalities based on the SARIMA model were then compared with the actual traffic fatalities during the festive months to explore the effectiveness of the OPS Bersepadu programme to help enforcement authorities allocate optimal resources that could increase the efficiency of enforcement activities to reduce road traffic fatalities.
Kinetic Study of Fenton-Like Degradation of Methylene Blue in Aqueous Solution Using Calcium Peroxide
Authors: Li Fan , Yaw Choong Thomas Shean , Soltani Soroush , Abdullah Luqman Chuah , Md. Jamil Siti Nurul Ain
Published: April 2022

The textile industry is one of the fastest-growing industries that significantly contribute to the economic growth in Malaysia. Dyeing wastewater is one of the more difficult to control in industrial wastewater. Methylene blue is a widely used dye in the textile industry, which cannot be discharged directly into the natural environment without treatment. The present study involves the degradation of methylene blue by a Fenton-like system using calcium peroxide (CaO2, CP). The process of degradation was recorded spectrophotometrically. The field emission scanning electron microscope (FESEM) and energy dispersive X-ray (EDX) were measured for testing the purchased commercial calcium peroxide. The effect of pH, the initial dosage of CaO2, and temperatures were studied with kinetics modeling, respectively. The results indicated that 97.07% removal of methylene blue took place at the optimum condition (pH=3.0, initial CaO2, dosage=3.0 g, 65°C, 150 rpm, contact time=60 minutes). Over four models (zero-order, first-order, second-order, Behnajady, Modirshahla, and Ghanbary (BMG) model) applied in this study, the BMG model with the R2=0.9935 was in accordance with the experimental data.
ANALYSIS OF SOUTH WEST MONSOON RAINFALL TREND USING STATISTICAL TECHNIQUES OVER NETHRAVATHI BASIN
Authors: BABAR SANTOSH F. , H. RAMESH
Published: April 2022

The analysis of rainfall for agricultural purposes must include information concerning the trends or changes of precipitation, the start end and length of the rainy season, the distribution of rainfall amounts through the year and the risk of dry and wet spells. The present study is mainly concerned with the changing trend of rainfall over Nethravathi river basin, located in coastal region of Karnataka state. Nethravathi river originates in the peaks of western ghats and flows towards westwards. The climate over the basin is humid and has large elevation difference varying from 0 to 1400 m above msl. Precipitation trend analysis based on elevation, rain gauge stations were grouped into two regions with similar precipitation characteristics to perform a regional analysis. Daily rainfall data of 40 years from 1971 to 2010 has been processed in the study to find out the monthly variability of south west monsoon (June, July, August, and September) season. Mann-Kendall (MK) test and Sens’s slope estimator has been used to determine trend and slope magnitude. Long-term analysis (1971 to 2010) was carried out for both regions and results have been compared. Monthly precipitation trend has been identified here to accomplish the objective which shows 40 years of data. From the analysis, it is found that there are decreasing trend of precipitation in some months and increasing trend in some other months. The statistical tests which are used in the study are indicative of overall changes in precipitation trend during the south west monsoon.
“DESIGN OF REINFORCED SOIL WALLS BY LRFD APPROACH”
Authors: MASKAR A.D. , GAWANDE U.S.
Published: April 2022

In this paper, the detail of Load and Resistance Factor Design (LRFD) approach which is based on reliability concept for the design of Reinforced Soil (RS) walls is presented. For conventional methods i.e Allowable Stress Design (ASD) Method, the factor of safety is applied only to resistance and loads are considered without variations. For LRFD method, factor of safeties are applied for both load and resistance. Due to availability of large statistical data and economy, this method is preferred. An attempt is made to solve one numerical example of geosynthetic RS walls due to soil selfweight plus permanent uniform surcharge using LRFD as well as other conventional methods (ASD) viz. FHWA, Modified Rankine, NCMA and B.S Code Methods and the results of the LRFD methods are compared with conventional design methods and concluding remarks are presented. The various equations are obtained based on various curves plotted by using ASD and LRFD approaches. From these equations it is clear that if FOS against tensile rupture is known for any RS wall having 7m height and same properties and environmental conditions as mentioned in current study then FOS against pullout failure and pullout capacity can be computed for these walls.
EFFECTIVENESS OF GRANULATED BLAST FURNACE SLAG OVER SAND AS OVERLAY FOR THE STABILIZATION OF SOFT CLAY
Authors: YADU LAXMIKANT , TRIPATHI R. K.
Published: April 2022

The effectiveness of granulated blast furnace slag (GBS) and natural sand as overlay for the stabilization of the soft clay bed has been studied by small-scale model tests in the laboratory. The test beds were subjected to transverse loading by a rigid strip footing. Footing load and footing settlement on the fill surface have been measured during the tests. The influence of GBS and natural sand layer on the overall performance of the system has been systematically studied through a series of tests. The test results indicate that with the provision of GBS and natural sand in soft clay a substantial improvement can be obtained in terms of increase in the bearing capacity ratio and reduction in the footing settlement. 89% and 114 % increase in the bearing capacity of the strip footing can be obtained by laying the GBS and natural sand layer respectively above the soft clay. As compared to GBS bed only 14 % increase in bearing capacity observed of the sand bed overlay on soft clay.
Experimental Study on Partial Replacement of Cement by Bagasse Ash and M-Sand in Concrete
Authors: Sundararaman S. , Azhagarsamy S.
Published: April 2022

The present study investigates the effect of pozzolanic material in concrete and hence improving the strength of concrete. This work evaluates the performance of Sugarcane Bagasse Ash (BA) as a mineral admixture in concrete having the w/c ratio of 0.39. Concrete was produced with 5% of BA and also replaced with M-Sand for fine aggregate with 10%, 20% and 30%. Similarly the BA percentage is increase to 10% and 15% with different replacement of M-sand. The strength properties are compared with the above varying percentage and found that the mix of 10% BA and 20% M-Sand was comparably shown a better performance than the conventional concrete.
Innate immunity of the middle ear and its role in otitis media
Authors: Hlávková Zuzana , Suchánková Magda , Varga Lukáš
Published: April 2022

Otitis media is one of the most common diseases in the world and generally it also belongs to the most frequent causes of hearing loss. In some cases, it may progress to chronic otitis media despite adequate initial treatment. Due to its complex pathogenesis and growing resistance of pathogens to antibio­tic treatment, it is necessary to look for other therapeutic procedures that could be used to modulate and treat this disease. Therefore, it is essential to understand the role of innate immunity of the middle ear in defence against microorganisms. In this article, we discuss the role of innate immunity in otitis media and point to the role of innate immune cells in protecting the middle ear in the light of current knowledge. The innate immune system in the middle ear is responsible for rapid identification and subsequent elimination of pathogens. Cells of the immune system express a multitude of receptors with diverse functions to eliminate many infections before a weakly antigen-sensitized adaptive immunity develops. Keywords: immunogenetics – otitis media – middle ear immunity