bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Neuropeptide Modulation Enables Biphasic Internetwork Coordination via a Dual-Network Neuron
Authors: Gnanabharathi Barathan , Fahoum Savanna-Rae H. , Blitz Dawn M.
Published: June 2024

Linked rhythmic behaviors, such as respiration/locomotion or swallowing/chewing, often require coordination for proper function. Despite its prevalence, the cellular mechanisms controlling coordination of the underlying neural networks remain undetermined in most systems. We use the stomatogastric nervous system of the crabCancer borealisto investigate mechanisms of internetwork coordination, due to its small, well-characterized feeding-related networks (gastric mill [chewing, ∼0.1 Hz]; pyloric [filtering food, ∼1 Hz]). Here, we investigate coordination between these networks during the Gly1-SIFamide neuropeptide modulatory state. Gly1-SIFamide activates a unique triphasic gastric mill rhythm in which the typically pyloric-only LPG neuron generates dual pyloric-plus gastric mill-timed oscillations. Additionally, the pyloric rhythm exhibits shorter cycles during gastric mill rhythm-timed LPG bursts, and longer cycles during IC, or IC plus LG gastric mill neuron bursts. Photoinactivation revealed that LPG is necessary to shorten pyloric cycle period, likely through its rectified electrical coupling to pyloric pacemaker neurons. Hyperpolarizing current injections demonstrated that although LG bursting enables IC bursts, only gastric mill rhythm bursts in IC are necessary to prolong the pyloric cycle period. Surprisingly, LPG photoinactivation also eliminated prolonged pyloric cycles, without changing IC firing frequency or gastric mill burst duration, suggesting that pyloric cycles are prolonged via IC synaptic inhibition of LPG, which indirectly slows the pyloric pacemakers via electrical coupling. Thus, the same dual-network neuron directly conveys excitation from its endogenous bursting and indirectly funnels synaptic inhibition to enable one network to alternately decrease and increase the cycle period of a related network.
Shared Mechanisms Drive Ocular Following and Motion Perception
Authors: Kreyenmeier Philipp , Kumbhani Romesh , Movshon J. Anthony , Spering Miriam
Published: June 2024

How features of complex visual patterns are combined to drive perception and eye movements is not well understood. Here we simultaneously assessed human observers’ perceptual direction estimates and ocular following responses (OFR) evoked by moving plaids made from two summed gratings with varying contrast ratios. When the gratings were of equal contrast, observers’ eye movements and perceptual reports followed the motion of the plaid pattern. However, when the contrasts were unequal, eye movements and reports during early phases of the OFR were biased toward the direction of the high-contrast grating component; during later phases, both responses followed the plaid pattern direction. The shift from component- to pattern-driven behavior resembles the shift in tuning seen under similar conditions in neuronal responses recorded from monkey MT. Moreover, for some conditions, pattern tracking and perceptual reports were correlated on a trial-by-trial basis. The OFR may therefore provide a precise behavioral readout of the dynamics of neural motion integration for complex visual patterns.
Individualized Closed-Loop Acoustic Stimulation Suggests an Alpha Phase Dependence of Sound Evoked and Induced Brain Activity Measured with EEG Recordings
Authors: Harlow Tylor J. , Marquez Samantha M. , Bressler Scott , Read Heather L.
Published: June 2024

Following repetitive visual stimulation, post hoc phase analysis finds that visually evoked response magnitudes vary with the cortical alpha oscillation phase that temporally coincides with sensory stimulus. This approach has not successfully revealed an alpha phase dependence for auditory evoked or induced responses. Here, we test the feasibility of tracking alpha with scalp electroencephalogram (EEG) recordings and play sounds phase-locked to individualized alpha phases in real-time using a novel end-point corrected Hilbert transform (ecHT) algorithm implemented on a research device. Based on prior work, we hypothesize that sound-evoked and induced responses vary with the alpha phase at sound onset and the alpha phase that coincides with the early sound-evoked response potential (ERP) measured with EEG. Thus, we use each subject’s individualized alpha frequency (IAF) and individual auditory ERP latency to define target trough and peak alpha phases that allow an early component of the auditory ERP to align to the estimated poststimulus peak and trough phases, respectively. With this closed-loop and individualized approach, we find opposing alpha phase-dependent effects on the auditory ERP and alpha oscillations that follow stimulus onset. Trough and peak phase-locked sounds result in distinct evoked and induced post-stimulus alpha level and frequency modulations. Though additional studies are needed to localize the sources underlying these phase-dependent effects, these results suggest a general principle for alpha phase-dependence of sensory processing that includes the auditory system. Moreover, this study demonstrates the feasibility of using individualized neurophysiological indices to deliver automated, closed-loop, phase-locked auditory stimulation.
Stosowanie poliheksanidyny w żelu jako czynnika ograniczającego ryzyko wystąpienia zakażeń wielolekoopornymi szczepami bakterii, w tym Acinetobacter baumannii, u pacjentów wentylowanych mechanicznie w Oddziale Anestezjologii i Intensywnej Terapii
Authors: Jędrzejczyk Joanna , Dzięgielewski Jędrzej
Published: June 2024

Szczepy wysokiego ryzyka patogenów szpitalnych, takich jak Staphylococcus aureus, Enterococcus faecalis, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa i Acinetobacter baumannii, stanowią ogromny problem w etiologii zakażeń szpitalnych, zwłaszcza wśród pacjentów w ciężkim stanie klinicznym, głównie przebywających w oddziałach intensywnej terapii. Jedną ze strategii ograniczania zakażeń szczepami wielolekoopornymi jest używanie środków dezynfekujących i antyseptyków. Aktywność tych preparatów jest zmienna w przypadku bakterii wytwarzających biofilm. Komórki bakteryjne znajdujące się w biofilmie wykazują zwiększoną odporność na antybiotyki oraz antyseptyki i środki dezynfekujące w porównaniu do komórek planktonowych. Poliheksanidyna jest mieszaniną polimerów i związkiem syntetycznym, który strukturalnie wykazuje podobieństwo do naturalnie występujących peptydów przeciwdrobnoustrojowych, a bakteriobójcze działanie poliheksanidyny wykazano w stosunku do szerokiego zakresu gatunków, m.in. dla Acinetobacter baumannii. A. baumannii jest obecnie powszechny w oddziałach intensywnej terapii na całym świecie i szybko uodpornił się na większość antybiotyków. A. baumannii może infiltrować m.in. rurki wentylacyjne, stając się jednym z głównych czynników etiologicznych respiratorowego zapalenia płuc, stąd tak istotne jest zapobieganie przenoszeniu i rozpowszechnianiu tej bakterii.
Opatrunki stosowane w leczeniu odleżyn – przegląd literatury
Authors: Szewczyk Jakub , Krajewski Krzysztof , Śmieszek Jarosław , Chrapusta Anna
Published: June 2024

Odleżyny, będące częstą konsekwencją długotrwałego unieruchomienia, stanowią poważne wyzwanie, zwłaszcza u pacjentów z porażeniami kończyn i trudnym długoterminowym rokowaniem. Pacjenci powyżej 65. roku życia to grupa szczególnie narażona na powstanie trudno gojących się ran. Wpływa na to posiadanie takich chorób, jak: cukrzyca, choroby naczyniowe, niedożywienie. W połączeniu ze schorzeniami związanymi z ograniczeniem ruchu i innymi czynnikami, takimi jak pobyt w ośrodkach opieki, niedostatecznie utrzymana higiena czy stosowanie nieodpowiednio dopasowanych środków zaopatrzenia medycznego, grupa ta dodatkowo narażona jest na powstanie owrzodzeń odleżynowych. Wobec 2–4% budżetu ochrony zdrowia przeznaczanego w Polsce na leczenie ran przewlekłych, określenie skuteczności interwencji medycznych w zakresie profilaktyki i pielęgnacji ran odleżynowych jest istotnym wyzwaniem dla opieki zdrowotnej. W niniejszym artykule dokonano przeglądu literatury naukowej opublikowanej w latach 2013–2023, koncentrując się na opatrunkach stosowanych w leczeniu odleżyn, z uwzględnieniem produktów stosowanych w prewencji i leczeniu zakażeń. Zbadano ewolucję strategii leczenia ran w tym okresie i podkreślono najnowsze postępy, wyniki kliniczne i pojawiające się trendy w tej dziedzinie.
Knee Extensor Apparatus Reconstruction with Allograft after Patellar Resection: A Case Report
Authors: Cosseddu Fabio , Cordoni Martina , Bechini Elena , Ipponi Edoardo , Campo Francesco Rosario , D'Arienzo Antonio , Andreani Lorenzo
Published: June 2024

Background: The extensor apparatus of the knee can be thought of a chain that transmits the muscular strength developed by the quadriceps muscles to the proximal tibia. This complex is essential to allow the extension of the tibia over the femur, being essential to provide knee mobility and stability. In case of lesions which irreparably damage the patella, such as a locally aggressive bone tumor, it is necessary to restore both the apparatus’ anatomical continuity and its strength.Case report: A 39-years-old Caucasian man with a history of lung carcinoma developed atraumatic swelling and soreness in his left knee. Imaging evidence reported a degeneration of the left patella. We performed an en bloc resection of the patella and the nearby soft tissues of the extensor apparatus. The resulting gap was fulfilled with a massive allograft consisting of a quadriceps tendon, a patella and a patellar ligament. No complication or local recurrences were observed. At the patient’s latest follow-up, he did not have any extension lag and quadriceps strength was completely restored.Conclusion: Massive allografts can represent a reliable alternative for the reconstruction of the patella and the knee extensor apparatus in orthopedic oncology.
Evolutionary changes of the Gray Ukrainian breed
Authors:   Institute of Grain Crops NAAS, 14 Volodymyra Velykoho str., Dnipro, 49027, Ukraine, Kozyr V. , Krasnorutsky O. ,   Livestock Farming Institute NAAS, 1A Tvarynnykiv str., Kharkiv, 61026, Ukraine, Rudenko Ye. ,   Livestock Farming Institute NAAS, 1A Tvarynnykiv str., Kharkiv, 61026, Ukraine, Denysuik O. ,   Institute of Grain Crops NAAS, 14 Volodymyra Velykoho str., Dnipro, 49027, Ukraine, Oliynyk S. ,   Institute of Grain Crops NAAS, 14 Volodymyra Velykoho str., Dnipro, 49027, Ukraine
Published: June 2024

The article presents the macro- and micro-evolutionary changes of the Gray Ukrainian breed over the past 100 years, which can be used in breeding and selection to preserve the existing gene pool population and in its further use, and can be useful in the breeding process not only in Ukraine, but also in other countries. At the same time, animals and even families that were weak, sickly and did not meet the requirements of the program of its development and preservation were ranked off and not used in breeding. Compared to similar animals that left the herd, it was possible to improve some external indicators in the historical aspect: body length, hips width, and chest girth, which influenced the cattle live weight. The important fact is that it is characterized by high reproductive properties (yield of calves is 97–98 per 100 cows, which is not found in any specialized meat breed in the world) and excellent maternal qualities. At the same time, a strong constitution, resistance to diseases, small fetus size and good adaptation to a dry hot climate, pasture-free maintenance and ecological fodder and technological conditions of the steppe zone of Ukraine were preserved. During the extended period of raising animals, the gray Ukrainian breed is not inferior to the classic meat breeds of the world in terms of fattening quality (30-month-old bulls on fattening more than 1000 g/day) and slaughter performance — the slaughter yield has increased to 60%. Beef is rated at 4.5 points on a 5-point scale in terms of culinary and taste qualities, it has the meat marbling which attracts the processor company and the consumer. The skin of animals is highly valued: already at the age of one year, the skin of bulls is marked as heavy (over 25 kg), which allows to use it for the high-quality products manufacture. Due to the set of economically useful characteristics, gray Ukrainian cattle are classified as meat and contribute to the establishment of state meat cattle breeding.
Дослідження форм гемоглобіну за умов споживання енергетичного напою
Authors:   Ivano-Frankivsk National Medical University, 2 Halytska str., Ivano-Frankivsk, 76018, Ukraine, Partsei Kh. Yu. , Ersteniuk H. M. ,   Ivano-Frankivsk National Medical University, 2 Halytska str., Ivano-Frankivsk, 76018, Ukraine
Published: June 2024

In today’s world, where stress and busyness are an integral part of everyday life, energy drinks have become not only a means of satisfying the need for energy and maintenance of vitality, but also a symbol of lifestyle, an important element of the modern culture of consumption. The speed and efficiency they promise attract the attention of consumers, especially those who are constantly on the move. Such drinks have become popular not only among young people, but also among everyone who seek to maintain their activity and efficiency during the day. The purpose of the work was to investigate the dynamics of changes in the level of total hemoglobin and its forms, in particular oxy-, carboxy-, sulf-, met-, and dyshemoglobin under the conditions of energy drink consumption. The study was conducted using male Wistar rats weighing 150–220 g kept in the vivarium under appropriate lighting conditions, temperature, humidity and standard diet. All the animals had free access to feed (based on daily requirements) and water (based on 20 ml of water per rat per day). The experiment was carried out in compliance with the requirements of the European Convention for the Protection of Vertebrate Animals used for Experimental and Scientific Purposes (Strasbourg, 1986). The animals were divided into five groups: the 1st group received drinking water (intact control); the 2nd–5th groups received daily the non-alcoholic energy drink “Burn” per os for a month. The calculation of the required amount of drink for administration per one rat was based per 1 kg of body weight. To monitor the growth and development, we weighted the rats at the beginning and at each stage of the experiment. The material (blood) was taken on the 1st (2nd group), 10th (3rd group), 20th (4th group) and 30th day (5th group) after the completion of the experiment under anesthesia (intramuscularly sodium thiopental, 60 mg/kg). The total hemoglobin level was determined with the Mythic 18 hematological analyzer. Determination of the content of oxyhemoglobin, methemoglobin, sulfhemoglobin and carboxyhemoglobin was performed spectrophotometrically. The obtained data indicate significant changes in both the total level of hemoglobin and its ligand forms, in particular, a decrease in the level of oxyhemoglobin and the accumulation of dyshemoglobins, such as methemoglobin, sulfhemoglobin, and carboxyhemoglobin. As evidenced by the obtained results, the consumption of energy drinks leads to the oxygen homeostasis violation, the development of tissue hypoxia and can cause structural and functional disorders in the body under such conditions.
Synthesis, structure and antimicrobial properties of silver nanoparticles formed in the presence of a hyperbranched ionic liquid
Authors:   Petro Mohyla Black Sea National University Ukraine, Lysenkov E. A. , Stryutsky O. V. ,   Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry of National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Klymenko L. P. ,   Petro Mohyla Black Sea National University Ukraine, Demchenko V. L. ,   Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry of National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine
Published: June 2024

Due to the variety of their forms and properties, silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) are promising for obtaining nanomaterials with various functional applications. Today, regardless of the method of obtaining AgNPs, there is a problem of stabilizing their surface to prevent aggregation, which significantly reduces their activity and prevents uniform distribution during the preparation of nanomaterials. The aim of this work was the synthesis of silver nanoparticles using an oligomeric ionic liquid (OIL) and the study of their structure and antimicrobial properties. In this work, for the first time, an anionic OIL with a hyperbranched structure developed by us was used as a surface stabilizer in the synthesis of AgNPs. The synthesis of AgNPs was carried out by the reduction of Ag ions in the composition of AgNO3 with trisodium citrate in the presence of this OIL. Using the methods ofUV-vis and FTIR spectroscopy, X-ray analysis, electron microscopy and the disc-diffusion method, the peculiarities of the structural organization of AgNPs and their antimicrobial properties were studied. UV-visible spectroscopy data indicate the formation of silver nanoparticles and their spherical or quasi-spherical shape. It was found that there are adsorbed ionic and carbonyl groups on the surface of the formed AgNPs, and the formation of host-guest complexes between OIL and silver ions was revealed using FTIR. The formation of AgNPs and complexes between OIL and silver ions is also confirmed by X-ray diffraction. According to electron microscopy, the size of the synthesized nanoparticles varies from 5 to 16 nm, with an average value of 10.2 nm. This average value is very close to the value of 9.3 nm obtained from the results of X-ray analysis. The synthesized silver nanoparticles showed a very high antimicrobial activity against C. albicans fungi, while the width of the inhibition zone (d) was 34 mm. Also, the AgNPs powder shows very high activity against gram-positive bacteria S. aureus (d = 30 mm) and gram-negative bacteria E. coli (d = 12 mm). The approach developed by us to the synthesis of AgNPs in the presence of OIL as a surface stabilizer with certain functionalization of the latter opens up new opportunities in the synthesis of AgNPs and the preparation of highly dispersed related systems, including functionalized nanocomposite polymer materials with antimicrobial properties.
Co-evolution between Trust in Teachers and Higher Education Enabled by ICT Advancement – A Suggestion to ICT Growing Economies
Authors:   Faculty of Information Technology,University of Jyväskylä, Finland.International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis (IIASA), Austria., Watanabe Chihiro , Naveed Kashif ,   Faculty of Information Technology,University of Jyväskylä, Finland., Neittaanmäki Pekka ,   Faculty of Information Technology,University of Jyväskylä, Finland.
Published: June 2024

In light of the increasing significance of trust-based higher education towards digitally-rich learning environments, co-evolution dynamism between trust in teachers and higher education enabled by ICT advancement was analyzed. Using the rate of trust in teachers for good education in the Global Teacher Status Index, together with statistics on higher education level and ICT advancement, an empirical numerical analysis of 20 countries was attempted. It was identified that while ICT advanced countries have constructed a co-evolution between ICT, higher education and trust, ICT growing countries have not succeeded due to a vicious cycle between ICT and trust. Finland’s educational success can be attributed to this co-evolution while an education productivity paradox can be attributed to a disengagement. It is suggested that steady ICT advancement by making full utilization of external resources in digitally-rich learning environments can be essential to ICT growing countries for their higher education. A new approach for constructing the foregoing co-evolution in a systematic way was thus explored.
Developments in the Design, Conduct, and Reporting of Child Health Trials
Authors: Baba Ami , Aregbesola Alex , Caldwell Patrina H.Y. , Elliott Sarah A. , Elsman Ellen B.M. , Fernandes Ricardo M. , Hartling Lisa , Heath Anna , Kelly Lauren E. , Preston Jennifer , Sammy Adrian , Webbe James , Williams Katrina , Woolfall Kerry , Klassen Terry P. , Offringa Martin
Published: June 2024

To identify priority areas to improve the design, conduct, and reporting of pediatric clinical trials, the international expert network, Standards for Research (StaR) in Child Health, was assembled and published the first 6 Standards in Pediatrics in 2012. After a recent review summarizing the 247 publications by StaR Child Health authors that highlight research practices that add value and reduce research “waste,” the current review assesses the progress in key child health trial methods areas: consent and recruitment, containing risk of bias, roles of data monitoring committees, appropriate sample size calculations, outcome selection and measurement, and age groups for pediatric trials. Although meaningful change has occurred within the child health research ecosystem, measurable progress is still disappointingly slow. In this context, we identify and review emerging trends that will advance the agenda of increased clinical usefulness of pediatric trials, including patient and public engagement, Bayesian statistical approaches, adaptive designs, and platform trials. We explore how implementation science approaches could be applied to effect measurable improvements in the design, conducted, and reporting of child health research.
Концептуализация транспозиции в семиотике литературы Ю. М. Лотмана
Authors: Кроо Каталин
Published: June 2024

В статье изучается семиотическое явление транспозиции, предпринимается попытка разработать его понятийное определение и описаниe в общих рамках семиотики культуры и, в частности, в се-миотике литературы Юрия Лотмана.

Если понятие транспозиции в семиотике культуры входит в такие области научного исследования как трансмедийность, переводоведение, интертекстуальность, интердискурсивность, интерсемио-тика, то в семиотике литературы Лотмана транспозиция концептуализирована – непосредственно или через опосредование без превращения самого термина «транспозиция» в ключевой – в окру-жении и свете таких понятий как граница; контекст – в вариантах: «контекстные структуры», «кон-структивные контексты», «семантические структуры»; семантическая «упорядоченность» (в том числe и «частичная» и «дополнительная»); условность; бинарность и плюральность; множество и «подмножество» / «субсемиосфера»; семиосфера и т. д.

Перечень составляющих понятийного фона для изучения транспозиции в литературно-семио-тическом понимании Лотмана сам по себе свидетельствует о том, что исследование в данном на-правлении приводит к выяснению экстенсивного терминологического поля и органических вза-имосвязей элементов внутри него. С другой стороны, прослеживание данных понятий на основе многочисленных текстов (oт работы «О разграничении лингвистического и литературоведческого понятия структуры», через «Структуру художественного текста», до работ 90-х годов), возникаю-щих по ходу эволюции научного достижения ученого, позволяет подчеркнуть когерентность теоре-тической работы, относящейся к так называемым «структуралистскому» и «постструктуралистко-му» периодам его мышления.

Толкование в статье согласованности понятий Лотмана в разнообразных его подходах к лите-ратурному тексту, ориентированных на понимание внутри- и внетекстовых форм культурного общения, в котором литература участвует в разных измерениях, позволяет видеть транспозицию в понимании ученого как гарантий текстовой динамики. Текстовая динамика в смысле порождения нового смысла толкуется в статье в свете операций дифференциации в ракурсах принципов реля-ционности и взаимопроекций определенных микро- / макроэлементов и -контекстов, а также смен их упорядоченностей. Эти смены воплощают транспозиции, несущие смысловые трансформации и приводящие к возникновению новых семиотических условностей.

Транспозиция в итоге осмысляется как семантический генератор, касающийся в семиотике ли-тературы Лотмана толкования события в качестве «перемещения персонажа через границу семан-тического поля»; оформления семантического сюжета; умножения бинарностей, превращающихся в составляющие плюральных формаций; развития семиотических условностей в поэтике литера-турного текста и метадискурсивности литературы.
Effectiveness of Preservation Methods on Quality of Mangrove Crab (Scylla serrata)
Authors: Napitupulu, S.St.Pi, M.Sc Romauli Juliana , Sipahutar Yuliati H
Published: June 2024

Mangrove crab (Scylla serrata) was one of the fisheries export commodities and also got high demand in traditional markets, mini markets, and supermarkets. Inadequate storage and inappropriate handling during processing lead to decreasing weight and quality of mangrove crabs. The present study aims to investigate the effectiveness of different preservation methods of mangrove crabs on quality and physicochemicals to inhibit quality deterioration. The preservation methods are cold, frozen, and live and the period of storage is between 0, 2, 5, 8, and 12 days. The obtained result showed that frozen storage is longer than cold and lived storage to maintain quality (organoleptic, moisture level, TVB, and pH). Mangrove crabs are kept alive is better than frozen and cold storage to maintain weight loss.
‘Intersectional Perspectives on LGBTQ+ Issues in Modern Language Teaching and Learning’ Joshua M. Paiz and James E. Coda (2021)
Authors: Kutuk Gulsah
Published: June 2024

Intersectional Perspectives on LGBTQ+ Issues in Modern Language Teaching and LearningJoshua M. Paiz and James E. Coda (2021)Palgrave Macmillan, 288pp.
Postsurgical pain intensity in children on the VAS and FLACC scale across various analgesic techniques. Mathematical prediction as a component of justification
Authors: Semkovych Yaroslav
Published: June 2024

Nowadays, in pediatric practice, the Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) and the Face, Legs, Activity, Cry, Consolability (FLACC) scale are effective for assessing postsurgical pain. The modern concept of pain management includes a multimodal approach, including regional analgesia techniques.
The aim of the study was to present a mathematical model to assess the efficacy of regional analgesia techniques in managing postsurgical pain intensity on the VAS and FLACC scale up to the fifth day of the study and predict the behaviour of the experimental data function up to day 87 following surgery using the autoregressive probability model.
Materials and Methods. 89 patients operated on the anterior abdominal wall were divided into 3 groups depending on the type of anesthesia. The assessment of pain management quality and the presence of acute pain was conducted using the VAS and FLACC scale on days 1, 2, 3, and 5 post-operatively in all children. The ‘predict’ function in РТС MathCad Prime 7.0. software was used to automate calculating predictions based on the Burg method.
Results. Studying the efficiency of the proposed treatment using regional analgesia techniques versus conventional analgesia enabled the prediction of varying postsurgical pain intensities on the VAS and FLACC scale based on their mathematical models, with coefficient of determination R2=0.9876, R2= 0, 9827, R2=0.9952 for the FLACC scale and R2=0.9868, R2=0,915, R2=0.9774 for the VAS.
Conclusions. The use of regional analgesia techniques in children undergoing anterior abdominal wall surgery has been confirmed to be associated with a significant reduction in postsurgical pain intensity to the fifth day of observation and predicted to remain so up to day 87
Designing an Internet of Things solution for monitoring vital signs
Authors: Zinko Iryna , Kravchenko Olha , Syvoglaz Dmytro
Published: June 2024

The object of study is the process of monitoring vital signs using an automated system based on an Internet of Things (IoT) solution. The study investigates and analyses the best existing solutions for continuous monitoring of human health. The research is important in the context of a possible pandemic and general health monitoring.
An IoT model of a solution for monitoring and analyzing vital signs in patients is proposed. The project involves the creation of hardware and software for tracking vital signs. The interaction of the two parts will ensure that the main task is to obtain the result and analyze the indicators of vital functions of the human body. The hardware is implemented using devices for scanning data on heart rate, temperature, saturation, and the ability to track electrocardiograms. It is possible to transmit data on the state of the body. The position of the sensors attached to the body is taken into account in case they come off. The device itself should be placed on the human body in the area of the front chest wall, wrists, and ankles. The device is also programmed to respond to sudden changes in these values. The software implementation is based on a web-based interface. The design of the final solutions for the interaction between the local and intermediate server was implemented using Django and Python. The ability to administer the intermediate server of the client's time zone was written using HTML, CSS, and JavaScript. The use of the IoT solution allows monitoring the indicators of vital functions of the body and their analysis. A scheme of information exchange in the system for monitoring health indicators has been built.
Development of high-speed algorithm for binomial arithmetic addition
Authors: Kulyk Igor , Shevchenko Maryna , Melnyk Anatolii , Protasova Tetyana
Published: June 2024

The object of research is the method and algorithm of arithmetic addition of binomial numbers generated by binary binomial counting systems. The lack of binomial arithmetic, in particular the operation of adding binary binomial numbers, in a certain way prevents their introduction into information systems and the construction of information and communication technologies based on them for combinatorial optimization, generation of combinatorial objects, data compression and encryption.
In the framework of the proposed approach, instead of operating with binomial coefficients, only operations with their upper and lower parameters are carried out. At the same time, the weighting coefficients of binary binomial numbers, which are added to each other, are represented in the form of two-component tuples. Taking this into account, this paper presents an algorithm for binomial arithmetic addition using dynamic arrays.
The main idea, which is included in the structure of the algorithm of binomial arithmetic addition based on dynamic arrays, is that the transition from a two-dimensional model of summation to a one-dimensional one is carried out. At the same time, only available, existing binomial coefficients are placed in the dynamic array. Accordingly, the search for binomial coefficients equal to or greater than the quantitative equivalent takes place in much smaller areas. In comparison with the algorithm based on matrix models, this quite significantly reduces the amount of time spent when performing the summation operation, and also reduces the requirements for the amount of memory required for placing two-component tuples of the assembly array.
In the course of the research, a several-fold decrease in the number of machine cycles required to search for the necessary elements in the dynamic array was practically confirmed. This leads to an increase in the performance of the presented algorithm of binomial arithmetic addition based on dynamic arrays. In turn, this leads to the acceleration of solving information tasks of combinatorial optimization, generation of combinatorial objects, data compression and encryption, for the solution of which the operation of adding binary binomial numbers is used.
Study of the process of identifying the authorship of texts written in natural language
Authors: Ulianovska Yuliia , Firsov Oleksandr , Kostenko Victoria , Pryadka Oleksiy
Published: June 2024

The object of the research is the process of identifying the authorship of a text using computer technologies with the application of machine learning. The full process of solving the problem from text preparation to evaluation of the results was considered. Identification of the authorship of a text is a very complex and time-consuming task that requires maximum attention. This is because the identification process always requires taking into account a very large number of different factors and information related to each specific author. As a result, various problems and errors related to the human factor may arise in the identification process, which may ultimately lead to a deterioration in the results obtained.
The subject of the work is the methods and means of analyzing the process of identifying the authorship of a text using existing computer technologies. As part of the work, the authors have developed a web application for identifying the authorship of a text. The software application was written using machine learning technologies, has a user-friendly interface and an advanced error tracking system, and can recognize both text written by one author and that written in collaboration.
The effectiveness of different types of machine learning models and data fitting tools is analyzed. Computer technologies for identifying the authorship of a text are defined. The main advantages of using computer technology to identify text authorship are:
– Speed: computer algorithms can analyze large amounts of text in an extremely short period of time.
– Objectivity: computer algorithms use only proven algorithms to analyze text features and are not subject to emotional influence or preconceived opinions during the analysis process.
The result of the work is a web application for identifying the authorship of a text developed on the basis of research on the process of identifying the authorship of a text using computer technology.
Development of a routing method for ground-air Ad-Hoc network of special purpose
Authors: Bieliakov Robert
Published: June 2024

The object of the study is the process of forming control decisions to ensure the operation of the ground-air communication network routing subsystem based on neural network algorithms. The carried-out research is based on the application of the numerical-analytical approach to the selection of modern scientific and applied solutions for building management models for promising Ad-Hoc communication networks. In the Google Collab simulation environment, using the Python programming language, it was possible: firstly, to simulate the operation of a ground-to-air communication network based on previously obtained models and a routing process management system based on the FA-OSELM algorithm. Secondly, in accordance with the scenario of route construction and maintenance described in the article, to experimentally determine the communication metrics of the proposed method of intelligent routing of the ground-air Ad-Hoc special-purpose network, in order to assess its efficiency, adequacy and reliability of the results obtained. Thus, in order to evaluate the effectiveness of the proposed solutions, a comparative analysis of the application of three existing routing methods (FLCA, Q-Routing, Neuro Routing) used in Ad-Hoc networks relative to the developed method was conducted.
The result of the experiment showed that the proposed routing method MAODV-FA-OSELM provides significant advantages over analogs. Thus, the method exhibits the best network throughput (2.12e+06), the lowest average network latency (0.12), the lowest packet loss (6.32), the lowest bit error rate (2.41), and the lowest overhead (0.10e+06). However, it should be noted that a promising direction of further research may be the study of the computational complexity of the routing management process and the determination of the minimum allowable representative sample of initial data to ensure online decision-making.
Соціально-економічний стан регіонів та розвиток регіональних ринків продукції птахівництва: оцінка залежності
Authors: Ніколюк О. В. , Савченко Т. В.
Published: June 2024

Стаття розглядає взаємозв'язок між соціально-економічним станом регіонів та динамікою розвитку регіональних ринків продукції птахівництва. Визначено ключові фактори, які можуть впливати на зростання або спад даної галузі, включаючи рівень життя населення, доступність ресурсів, якість інфраструктури та державну політику в аграрному секторі. Доведено, що регіони з високим рівнем соціально-економічного розвитку мають схильність до підвищення інвестицій у галузі птахівництва Виявлено, що підтримка інновацій у сфері птахівництва сприяє покращенню якості продукції, її конкурентоздатності на міжнародних ринках та стимулює місцеве виробництво. Це, у свою чергу, може стати каталізатором для створення нових робочих місць та підвищення загального рівня життя населення регіону, створюючи позитивне середовище для приваблення зовнішнього капіталу та підтримки місцевих підприємств.
Ретроспектива розвитку харчової промисловості: від минулого до майбутнього
Authors: Палвашова Г. І. , Седікова І. О.
Published: June 2024

Стаття пропонує комплексний аналіз історичного розвитку та перспектив майбутнього для харчової промисловості. В основі дослідження лежить вивчення етапів еволюції галузі, включаючи періоди технологічних та соціокультурних змін. Історичний аналіз розкриває вирішальні моменти у становленні харчової промисловості, розкриває методичні підходи, які використовувались для прийняття ефективних управлінських рішень та розробки стратегії галузі протягом років. Автори звертають увагу на вплив інновацій та сучасних технологій на зміну векторів розвитку харчової промисловості, зміни у споживацьких уподобаннях та екологічні питання. Наголошено на необхідності адаптації до змін ринкового середовища, вимог споживачів, що стає важливим фактором стратегічного планування підприємств. Надано пропозиції, щодо перспектив майбутнього розвитку харчової промисловості, зосереджуючись на технологічних, продуктових, управлінських інноваціях, стратегії сталого розвитку та глобальних викликах. Обговорюються можливі напрямки розвитку управлінських стратегій, які допомагають підприємствам пристосуватися до умов невизначеності та забезпечити їхню конкурентоспроможність.
Стратегічні орієнтири розвитку зернового ринку україни в повоєнний період
Authors: Седіков Д. В. , Седікова І. О.
Published: June 2024

В статті проаналізовано процеси глибокої переробки зерна та отримання широкого спектру продукції з високою доданою вартістю. Доведено, що Україна має значний потенціал і ресурси для розвитку ринку глибокої переробки зерна. Експерти прогнозують активний розвиток цієї сфери найближчим часом, що пов’язано з наявністю великої сировинної бази. Встановлено, що подальше збільшення обсягів переробки в бік виробництва біотехнологічної продукції з високою доданою вартістю вирішить проблему з ринками збуту: мальтодекстрини і модифіковані крохмалі затребувані на українському ринку. Одним з головних конкурентних переваг в розвитку глибокої переробки зерна і, як наслідок, промислових біотехнологій є наявність достатніх ресурсів відновлюваної сировини, наприклад, зерна, виробництво якого неухильно зростає.
Клієнтоорієнтований маркетинг як стратегічний інструмент успішного розвитку підприємств
Authors: Гелей Ю. О.І. , Ревякін О. О. , Леонідов А. В.
Published: June 2024

У статті розглянуто значення конкурентоспроможності підприємств для сучасного бізнес-середовища, що визначається їх здатністю ефективно задовольняти потреби клієнтів. Досліджено клієнтоорієнтований підхід в маркетингу, як стратегічний інструмент успішного розвитку підприємств у глобальному ринковому середовищі. Проаналізовано роль клієнтоорієнтованого маркетингу у стратегічному розвитку підприємств. Розглянуто стратегії формування взаємовідносин з клієнтами та вивчається їхнє сприйняття та вплив на ринкову динаміку. Доведено, що вдалий клієнтоорієнтований підхід є ключем до досягнення конкурентної переваги та стабільного росту для підприємств у сучасному бізнес-середовищі. Розглянуто основні принципи та підходи до реалізації клієнтоорієнтованого маркетингу на підприємствах, включаючи вивчення потреб і попередніх досліджень ринку, а також персоналізацію пропозицій через різноманітні канали комунікації. Визначено актуальність впровадження клієнтоорієнтованих стратегій як стратегічного інструменту забезпечення ефективності підприємств у всіх секторах економіки.
Модель оцінки стану загрози для обгрунтованості ефективності фінансового забезпечення державних програм
Authors: Бурбела А. Л.
Published: June 2024

У статті використано нову модель для оцінки стану загрози для обґрунтування ефективності фінансового забезпечення державних програм. Модель дає змогу оцінити вплив чинників та рівень ефективності заходів з попередження загроз в рамках державних цільових програм та урахувати суттєві недоліки. Дослідження проведене на прикладі захворювання на туберкульоз. Під час розробки моделі були враховані ключові чинники, що впливають на загрозу поширення цього захворювання. Застосування комплексного підходу з використанням методів експертних оцінок, зваженої згортки та таксономії дають змогу краще оцінити загрози, пов'язані з туберкульозом та ефективніше розподілити фінансування протитуберкульозних заходів. Незважаючи на наявність комплексних стратегій та програм, спрямованих на ліквідацію туберкульозу, обмежені фінансові ресурси та неефективний розподіл коштів часто призводять до низки критичних недоліків у боротьбі поширення туберкульозу.
Incorporating inherited variability into drainage effect analysis of piezocone tests in gold tailings
Authors: Dienstmann Gracieli , Perini Letícia , Meier André Luis , Ziesmann Natália , Campos Juliano Pasa de
Published: June 2024

The piezocone test (CPTu) is a commonly used field investigation method for analysing the geomechanical behaviour of mine tailings. However, the effect of drainage conditions on CPTu measurements is a critical factor in assessing tailings properties, particularly as tailings are often characterised as silty materials with intermediate permeability. Previous studies of drainage conditions have been hindered by the high variability of tailings materials, leading to considerable dispersion in experimental results. To address this challenge, the present paper proposes a numerical approach to characterise and incorporate the inherent variability of tailings to identify probabilistic limits of drainage. This approach involves characterising site statistics through piezocone tests and incorporating this variability into a set of Monte Carlo analyses using cavity expansion theory. The results indicate that the probabilistic analysis accurately represents the variability of the normalised resistance, although there is a greater discrepancy when considering pore pressure measurements. As a practical application, probabilistic values of cone resistance were used to establish profiles of fully drained and undrained tests. These corrected profiles can then be used in load capacity methods, providing rational limits of behaviour.
Method for predicting deformation field of deep foundation pit considering spatial effect
Authors: Luo Lijuan , Zheng Yunxin , Wang Rui , Ren Xiang , Zhang Yonghui
Published: June 2024

Urban underground spaces have experienced significant development and utilisation due to the rapid progress of urban construction and continuous advancements in construction technology. The number of foundation pit projects immediately adjacent to buildings, structures and pipelines has been increasing. When ensuring the safety of construction and surrounding facilities, it is essential to predict deformation caused by foundation pit excavations. In this study, a simple calculation method is proposed for predicting the deformation of an envelope structure and surface settlement caused by deep foundation excavation with spatial effects. First, the principle of minimum potential energy is applied and the lateral displacement equation of the envelope structure is derived, considering spatial deformation effects. Second, based on linear elasticity theory, a surface settlement expression is formulated utilising the plane-strain boundary. Finally, the stratigraphic loss method is used to establish a connection between horizontal envelope deformation and surface settlement, allowing for calculations of surface settlement at any position behind the envelope structure. The effectiveness and practicability of the proposed method are demonstrated by comparison of two existing foundation pit engineering examples.
Evaluation of sand subgrade seepage erosion caused by buried pipeline leakage
Authors: Chen Wenxin , Chen Yekai , Su Zhihang , Zhao Liyuan , Chen Xianghua
Published: June 2024

Leakage from buried pipelines can lead to an increase in the water content of the subgrade soils and a rise in the water table, leading to soil loosening, erosion and ultimately the formation of hidden voids and roadway collapses. This study presents a discrete-element method and validates its accuracy by utilising cavity data from model experiments. It investigates the mechanism of seepage erosion resulting from pipe leakage and analyses the development of the soil arch effect. Furthermore, it discusses the influence of sand void ratio and particle size on sand seepage erosion. The results indicate that the erosion area is primarily affected by the void ratio and particle size. In comparison to soil particles ranging from 0.1 to 5 mm and from 2 to 5 mm, those with sizes between 0.1 mm and 2 mm generate areas of erosion and loosening that are approximately 40% larger. The proposed model offers a precise analysis of the developmental process and the extent of seepage erosion, thereby contributing to the prediction of potential road cavity areas based on dynamic changes in key factors such as subgrade soil type and groundwater level.
Chloride transport in alkali-activated materials influenced by different reaction products: a review
Authors: Liu Tao , Fan Jianfeng , Peng Ziqiang
Published: June 2024

Alkali-activated materials (AAMs) are regarded as a substitute for Portland cement. They have high chloride resistance and a low carbon dioxide footprint. The aim of this review is to provide a multi-scale perspective to understand material–product–microstructure–property relationships in terms of the chloride binding behaviour of AAMs. The physical and chemical chloride stability of different reaction products is summarised from nanostructure, to microstructure to macro properties. An analysis of studies in the literature gives an overview of recent progress in chloride transport in AAMs influenced by different reaction products. Results show that a higher calcium/silicon, aluminium/silicon molar ratios and alkali content increase the formation of amorphous phases, leading to a denser microstructure and lower chloride penetration in AAMs. Higher magnesium oxide and aluminium oxide contents result in increased formation of hydrotalcite. The enhanced physical and chemical absorption of chloride by hydrotalcite leads to higher resistance of chloride penetration in AAMs. Investigation of increasing chloride resistance could potentially focus on increasing gel and hydrotalcite formation.