bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
An Integrative Computational Approach for the Prediction of Human‐Plasmodium Protein‐Protein Interactions
Authors: Ghedira Kais , Hamdi Yosr , El Béji Abir , Othman Houcemeddine
Published: December 2020

Host‐pathogen molecular cross‐talks are critical in determining the pathophysiology of a specific infection. Most of these cross‐talks are mediated via protein‐protein interactions between the host and the pathogen (HP‐PPI). Thus, it is essential to know how some pathogens interact with their hosts to understand the mechanism of infections. Malaria is a life‐threatening disease caused by an obligate intracellular parasite belonging to the Plasmodium genus, of which P. falciparum is the most prevalent. Several previous studies predicted human‐plasmodium protein‐protein interactions using computational methods have demonstrated their utility, accuracy, and efficiency to identify the interacting partners and therefore complementing experimental efforts to characterize host‐pathogen interaction networks. To predict potential putative HP‐PPIs, we use an integrative computational approach based on the combination of multiple OMICS‐based methods including human red blood cells (RBC) and Plasmodium falciparum 3D7 strain expressed proteins, domain‐domain based PPI, similarity of gene ontology terms, structure similarity method homology identification, and machine learning prediction. Our results reported a set of 716 protein interactions involving 302 human proteins and 130 Plasmodium proteins. This work provides a list of potential human‐Plasmodium interacting proteins. These findings will contribute to better understand the mechanisms underlying the molecular determinism of malaria disease and potentially to identify candidate pharmacological targets.
Finite Element (FE) Modeling of Indirect Tension to Cylindrical (IT‐CY) Specimen Test for Damping Asphalt Mixtures (DAMs)
Authors: Huang Jiandong , Duan Tianhong , Sun Yuantian , Wang Lin , Lei Yawei
Published: December 2020

DAMs have recently been developed to be used as the damping layer in the so‐called antivibration pavement to mitigate the effects of traffic‐induced vibration while rare finite element (FE) modeling has been conducted to simulate the indirect tension to cylindrical (IT‐CY) specimen test for DAMs. In the present study, the methods for the viscoelastic characterization of DAMs and the techniques to characterize the viscoelastic behavior of DAMs in FE modeling were proposed. The FE model to simulate the IT‐CY test was constructed, and it was verified through the corresponding laboratory test. Good agreements were noted between the simulation results and testing results demonstrating that the FE model can provide the accurate prediction of the mechanical behavior of DAMs.
Study on Gas Enrichment Mechanism of Coal Seam Influenced by Vertical Stress on Mountainous Region Condition
Authors: Yang Xiaojie , Huang Ruifeng , Sun Shuhua , Hu Chaowen , Cheng Bo , Liu Jianning , Zhang Feng
Published: December 2020

The controlling effect of vertical stress of mountainous region on gas occurrence of the coal seam below it has always been ignored. In order to clearly express its influence mechanism, the change laws of depth, stress, and permeability of coal seam pressurised by the overlying mountain were studied based on the Winkler elastic foundation beam theory and seepage theory in the paper. At the same time, the enrichment mechanism of the coal seam pressurised by the overlying mountain was analyzed. The results showed the following: (1) There was a significantly strong correlation between the stress, permeability change rule of the coal seam, burial depth, and surface elevation under such condition. (2) Under the action of the vertical pressure of the mountain, the stress and permeability distribution of the coal seam showed significant nonlinear characteristics. The stress was the greatest under the peak, and the permeability was the smallest. (3) The initial gas content value was controlled by the permeability and the stress of the coal seam in the situation. Moreover, the field practice showed that under the action of vertical pressure of the mountain, the evaluation law of gas content was coupling with the surface elevation of the overlying mountain. In addition, the gas emission change law during the excavation of the driving face also showed the same characteristics. The results might be of great significance for the development and utilization of coal-bed gas and the safe exploitation of coal resources.
Gut Microbiota and Host Plasma Metabolites in Association with Blood Pressure in Chinese Adults
Authors: Wang Yiqing , Wang Huijun , Howard Annie Green , Tsilimigras Matthew C.B. , Avery Christy L. , Meyer Katie A. , Sha Wei , Sun Shan , Zhang Jiguo , Su Chang , Wang Zhihong , Fodor Anthony A. , Zhang Bing , Gordon-Larsen Penny
Published: December 2020

Animal studies have revealed gut microbial and metabolic pathways of blood pressure (BP) regulation, yet few epidemiological studies have collected microbiota and metabolomics data in the same individuals. In a population-based, Chinese cohort who did not report antihypertension medication use (30–69 years, 54% women), thus minimizing BP treatment effects, we examined multivariable-adjusted (eg, diet, physical activity, smoking, kidney function), cross-sectional associations between measures of gut microbiota (16S rRNA [ribosomal ribonucleic acid], N=1003), and plasma metabolome (liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry, N=434) with systolic (SBP, mean [SD]=126.0 [17.4] mm Hg) and diastolic BP (DBP [80.7 (10.7) mm Hg]). We found that the overall microbial community assessed by principal coordinate analysis varied by SBP and DBP (permutational multivariate ANOVA
P
<0.05). To account for strong correlations across metabolites, we first examined metabolite patterns derived from principal component analysis and found that a lipid pattern was positively associated with SBP (linear regression coefficient [95% CI] per 1 SD pattern score: 2.23 [0.72–3.74] mm Hg) and DBP (1.72 [0.81–2.63] mm Hg). Among 1104 individual metabolites, 34 and 39 metabolites were positively associated with SBP and DBP (false discovery rate–adjusted linear model
P
<0.05), respectively, including linoleate, palmitate, dihomolinolenate, 8 sphingomyelins, 4 acyl-carnitines, and 2 phosphatidylinositols. Subsequent pathway analysis showed that metabolic pathways of long-chain saturated acylcarnitine, phosphatidylinositol, and sphingomyelins were associated with SBP and DBP (false discovery rate–adjusted Fisher exact test
P
<0.05). Our results suggest potential roles of microbiota and metabolites in BP regulation to be followed up in prospective and clinical studies.
Racial/Ethnic Disparities in Screening for and Awareness of High Cholesterol Among Pregnant Women Receiving Prenatal Care
Authors: Mszar Reed , Gopal Dipika J. , Chowdary Rupa , Smith Cara Lea , Dolin Cara D. , Irwin Melinda L. , Soffer Daniel , Nemiroff Richard , Lewey Jennifer
Published: December 2020

Background

Atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease remains a leading cause of morbidity and mortality among women, with younger women being disproportionately affected by traditional cardiovascular risk factors such as dyslipidemia. Despite recommendations for lipid screening in early adulthood and the risks associated with maternal dyslipidemia during pregnancy, many younger women lack access to and utilization of early screening. Accordingly, our objective was to assess the prevalence of and disparities in lipid screening and awareness of high cholesterol as an atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease risk factor among pregnant women receiving prenatal care.

Methods and Results

We invited 234 pregnant women receiving prenatal care at 1 of 3 clinics affiliated with the University of Pennsylvania Health System to complete our survey. A total of 200 pregnant women (86% response rate) completed the survey. Overall, 59% of pregnant women (mean age 32.2 [±5.7] years) self‐reported a previous lipid screening and 79% of women were aware of high cholesterol as an atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease risk factor. Stratified by racial/ethnic subgroups, non‐Hispanic Black women were less likely to report a prior screening (43% versus 67%,
P
=0.022) and had lower levels of awareness (66% versus 92%,
P
<0.001) compared with non‐Hispanic White women. Non‐Hispanic Black women were more likely to see an obstetrician/gynecologist for their usual source of non‐pregnancy care compared with non‐Hispanic White women (18% versus 5%,
P
=0.043). Those seeing an obstetrician/gynecologist for usual care were less likely to report a prior lipid screening compared with those seeing a primary care physician (29% versus 63%,
P
=0.007).

Conclusions

Significant racial/ethnic disparities persist in lipid screening and risk factor awareness among pregnant women. Prenatal care may represent an opportunity to enhance access to and uptake of screening among younger women and reduce variations in accessing preventive care services.
On the identity and limits of Falsiformicidae (Insecta: Hymenoptera, Vespoidea s.l.)

Authors: RASNITSYN ALEXANDR P. , ZHANG QI , MÜLLER PATRICK , ZHANG HAI-CHUN
Published: December 2020

Falsiformicidae are found to belong to Vespoidea s.l. and not to Chrysidoidea because of sexually dimorphic antennae (12-segmented in female and 13-segmented in male) and permanently internalized female tergum 7. Eight described species in three genera are known in the family including five new species (Siccibythus oculatus sp. nov., S. pallidus sp. nov., S. martynovae sp. nov., S. ohmkuhnlei sp. nov., S. paulus sp. nov.) as well as a number of undescribed ones, all from mid-Cretaceous ambers (mostly of Kachin in Myanmar but also of Charente in France and Agapa in North Siberia). Phylogenetic affinities of Falsiformicidae within Vespoidea are left to be clarified, and biology of this family is enigmatic yet.
Rescuing a lost damsel: a revised identity for the extinct true bug Miocoris fagi (Heteroptera)

Authors: SWANSON DANIEL R. , HEADS SAM W.
Published: December 2020

The fossil heteropteran Miocoris fagi Cockerell, 1927 stat. rev. is redescribed and transferred from Reduviidae to the nominate tribe in Nabidae. The fossil Nabidae are surveyed and enumerated. One taxon, Sinanabis brevipes Zhang, 1986 stat. rev., is removed from Nabidae and is considered incertae familiae.
A new species of parasitoid wasps (Hymenoptera: Diapriidae: Belytinae) from Eocene Baltic amber

Authors: JOUAULT CORENTIN , NEL ANDRÉ
Published: December 2020

Acropiesta perrichoti sp. nov., a new belytine wasp is described based on a well preserved male specimen from Eocene Baltic amber. This is the second fossil species of this extant genus, known already from the same amber deposit by Acropiesta janzeni Buhl, 2002.
Global Near-Surface Wind Speed Changes over the Last Decades Revealed by Reanalyses and CMIP6 Model Simulations
Authors: Deng Kaiqiang , Azorin-Molina Cesar , Minola Lorenzo , Zhang Gangfeng , Chen Deliang
Published: December 2020

Near-surface (10 m) wind speed (NWS) plays a crucial role in many areas, including hydrological cycles, wind energy production, and air pollution, but what drives its multidecadal changes is still unclear. Using reanalysis datasets and model simulations from phase 6 of the Coupled Model Intercomparison Projection (CMIP6), this study investigates recent trends in the annual mean NWS. The results show that the Northern Hemisphere (NH) terrestrial NWS experienced significant (p < 0.1) decreasing trends during 1980–2010, when the Southern Hemisphere (SH) ocean NWS was characterized by significant (p < 0.1) upward trends. However, during 2010–19, global NWS trends shifted in their sign: NWS trends over the NH land became positive, and trends over the SH tended to be negative. We propose that the strengthening of SH NWS during 1980–2010 was associated with an intensified Hadley cell over the SH, while the declining of NH land NWS could have been caused by changes in atmospheric circulation, alteration of vegetation and/or land use, and the accelerating Arctic warming. The CMIP6 model simulations further demonstrate that the greenhouse gas (GHG) warming plays an important role in triggering the NWS trends over the two hemispheres during 1980–2010 through modulating meridional atmospheric circulation. This study also points at the importance of anthropogenic GHG forcing and the natural Pacific decadal oscillation to the long-term trends and multidecadal variability in global NWS, respectively.
Local governments and sustainable development: Nurturing best practices through Horizontal Learning Process (HLP) across countries
Authors: Lahiri Santanu , Rajan JB
Published: December 2020

The Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) are a universal call to action to end poverty, protect the planet, and ensure that all people enjoy peace and prosperity. To maintain the pace of development, local government institutions (LGIs) in many countries have started adapting innovative good practices. These practices are being generated as an offshoot of some projects, initiated by local governments, sub-national and/or national governments. However, these innovations are generally so closely associated, and depend so much on those projects, that once the projects officially phase out, the good practices also start falling apart. Those training institutions for LGIs in Asian countries are imparting training and applying participatory methodologies like peer learning. This enhances the capacities of the functionaries of the respective LGIs. However, the learning that emerges from the good practices, that have evolved, is often missed out in these course curricula, despite the fact that both the good practices and capacity for generating good practices, exist at the local level in the form of tacit learning. The Horizontal Learning Process (HLP) helps to overcome the inherent limitations of existing training methodology by capturing, upscaling, and nurturing tacit learning based on good practices. This paper highlights the concept and salient features of HLP, its evolution, process and steps, application areas, achievements and challenges—especially in the context of the SDGs and the role of LGIs.
Perceptions of Distressed Fathers in the Early Postpartum Period: A Descriptive Qualitative Study
Authors: Yuan Ling Marjorie Koh , Li Cheng Anna Tan , Shorey Shefaly
Published: December 2020

Current literature lacks qualitative information derived from distressed fathers. The aim of this study was to explore distressed fathers’ experiences and needs in the early postpartum period. A descriptive qualitative study design was used. The study took place from October 2018 to December 2018 at the tertiary public hospital in Singapore. A purposive sample of 12 distressed Singaporean fathers were interviewed in this study. Audio recorded interviews were conducted face-to-face using a semistructured interview guide and thematic analysis was used to analyze the data. Six themes emerged from the thematic analysis: (a) facing the “real deal,” (b) everyday woes, (c) “losing excitement,” (d) “trying to be strong,” (e) “reality check,” and (f) supplementing help for fathers. This study highlights distressed father’s agony and the urgent need for health care professionals and family members to seek acceptability and understanding of fathers’ mental health difficulties in the early postpartum period.
Obesity, dyslipidemia, and high blood pressure are associated with cardiovascular risk, determined using high-sensitivity C-reactive protein concentration, in young adults
Authors: Ramos-Arellano Luz Elena , Matia-Garcia Ines , Marino-Ortega Linda Anahi , Castro-Alarcón Natividad , Muñoz-Valle José Francisco , Salgado-Goytia Lorenzo , Salgado-Bernabé Aralia Berenice , Parra-Rojas Isela
Published: December 2020

Objective

Few studies have investigated the relationships between high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) concentration and conventional cardiometabolic markers in young adults. The aim of this study was to characterize the cardiometabolic profile of young adults who are at high cardiovascular risk, according to hs-CRP concentration.

Methods

A cross-sectional study was conducted in 300 young adults (18 to 30 years old) from southern Mexico (n = 150 normal-weight and n = 150 obese). Their circulating lipid and glucose concentrations were measured using colorimetric enzymatic assays, and their hs-CRP, ApoA, and ApoB concentrations were measured using turbidimetric assays.

Results

The most prevalent abnormalities in the participants with high cardiovascular risk, determined using an hs-CRP >28.57 nmol/L, were high waist circumference (85.7%), obesity (83.9%), high low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (64.3%), low high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (50%), Apo B in the highest tertile (39.3%), hypertriglyceridemia (35.7%), and high blood pressure (30.4%). In addition, there were strong associations between hs-CRP >28.57 nmol/L and obesity (odds ratio [OR] = 13.9), high waist circumference (OR = 8.0), hypertriglyceridemia (OR = 4.0), high blood pressure (OR = 3.4), hypercholesterolemia (OR = 2.8), and Apo B in the highest tertile (OR = 2.4).

Conclusion

The principal cardiometabolic alterations associated with high cardiovascular risk, determined using hs-CRP, are obesity, dyslipidemia, and high blood pressure in young adults.
Pancreatic paraganglioma mimicking pancreatic neuroendocrine tumor
Authors: Abbasi Arezou , Wakeman Kristina M , Pillarisetty Venu G
Published: December 2020

Extra-adrenal paragangliomas are rare tumors arising from the chromaffin cells of the autonomic nervous system. Retroperitoneal paragangliomas may present as a pancreatic mass. We present a case of a 61-year-old woman with an incidentally found pancreatic mass (7.2 × 6.5 cm) in the CT scan. EUS- guided FNA result was compatible with pancreatic neuroendocrine tumor. Patient underwent pancreaticoduodenectomy and histopathologic assessment revealed the mass was an extra-adrenal paraganglioma. Preoperative diagnosis of pancreatic paragangliomas can be challenging due to imaging and histopathologic similarities with pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors.
Effective Practices in Community Supervision model: Staff perceptions of the model and implementation
Authors: Gleicher Lily
Published: December 2020

Staff who provide service to individuals under correctional supervision are critical to organizational change, implementation, and sustainability of policies and practices. The training on evidence-based practices demonstrates a movement toward effective interactions with community supervision officers and their clients, specifically to the Risk–Need–Responsivity model and core correctional practices. Research over the past several decades provides that fidelity to Risk–Need–Responsivity and core correctional practice can reduce recidivism among the community correctional population. However, the correctional field has a history of training staff, but limited success in implementing and sustaining these practices. The current qualitative study analyzes the feedback from 307 community supervision officers who responded to open-ended questions regarding the implementation of Effective Practices in Community Supervision model, a curriculum that incorporates the Risk–Need–Responsivity model and core correctional practices. Qualitative responses indicate key themes that help and hinder the implementation of evidence-based practices: individual attitudes and beliefs, organizational elements, and leadership.
Neonatal Jaundice: Perception of Pregnant Women Attending Antenatal Clinic at a Tertiary Hospital in Southwest, Nigeria
Authors: Olatunde Ogundare Ezra , Christianah Omoyajowo Adefunke , Olarinre Babatola Adefunke , Bidemi Ajite Adebukola , Temidayo Adeniyi Adewuyi , Adebukola Fatunla Odunayo , Tolulope Agaja Oyinkansola , Bamidele Taiwo Adekunle , Oludare Oluwayemi Isaac , Simeon Olatunya Oladele
Published: December 2020

Background: Severe neonatal jaundice (NNJ) remains a leading cause of preventable brain damage, mental handicap, physical disabilities, and early death among infants. Methods: Using a descriptive cross-sectional study design, information was gathered using a structured, pretested questionnaire from 518 pregnant women who attended the antenatal clinic at a tertiary Hospital in Southwest Nigeria. Results: Most (77%) of the respondents have heard about NNJ prior the survey. Most respondents (69.5%) demonstrated poor knowledge of the causes of NNJ. The majority, 98.4% had good attitude toward treatment of NNJ. Most respondents (72.1%) demonstrated poor knowledge of the correct treatment of NNJ. A quarter of the respondents knew no danger sign of NNJ. Conclusion: There is serious knowledge gap among the respondents about the causes, treatment, dangers signs and complications of NNJ. There is need for increased awareness campaign using every available means of reaching women of reproductive age group to reduce the consequences of this common neonatal problem.
Behavioural Economics: A New Driver of Strategic HRM
Authors: Dash Sanket Sunand
Published: December 2020

Strategic human resource management (SHRM) aims to leverage a firm’s human resource base to create economic value for an organisation. In order to create economic value, firms must understand the actual behaviour of economic agents. Behavioural economics aim to understand the real, as distinct from theoretical, behaviour of humans when making economic choices. Hence, behavioural economics is central to a firm’s implementation of SHRM. However, despite the strong theoretical relationship between SHRM and behavioural economics, the actual research on the use of behavioural economics is fragmentary and inadequate.

This article traces the roots of behavioural economics to prospect theory and identifies the basic concepts—comparison to a reference point, risk aversion and loss aversion—underlying prospect theory. The applications of these basic concepts in HRM are elucidated and the current research linking behavioural economics to HRM is presented. With respect to HRM, the current research on behavioural economics is most relevant to compensation management. Based on the discussion regarding application of behavioural economics in HRM, the article concludes by identifying future areas of research in the application of behavioural economics to HRM and scope for mutual exchange of knowledge between researchers and practitioners.
Panskyite, Pd9Ag2Pb2S4, a new platinum group mineral from the Southern Kievey ore occurrence of the Fedorova–Pana layered intrusion, Kola Peninsula, Russia
Authors: Vymazalová Anna , Subbotin Viktor V. , Laufek František , Savchenko Yevgeny E. , Stanley Chris J. , Gabov Dmitriy A. , Plášil Jakub
Published: December 2020

Panskyite, Pd9Ag2Pb2S4, is a new mineral (IMA2020–039) discovered in the platinum-group element mineralisation of the Southern Kievey ore occurrence of the Fedorova–Pana layered intrusion, Kola Peninsula, Russia. It forms tiny anhedral grains (of 0.5 to 10 μm in size) in the interstices of rock-forming silicates, often forming tiny inclusions in base-metal sulfides (millerite, chalcopyrite, bornite and chalcocite) and complex intergrowths with other platinum group minerals (zvyagintsevite, laflammeite, vysotskite, thalhammerite, unnamed phase Pd9Ag2(Tl,Pb)2S4and others). In plane-polarised light, panskyite is creamy white with weak bireflectance, weak pleochroism and distinct anisotropy with brown to grey rotation tints; it exhibits no internal reflections. Reflectance values for panskyite in air (R1,R2in %) are: 43.8, 44.1 at 470 nm; 44.4, 44.7 at 546 nm; 45.6, 45.8 at 589 nm; and 47.2, 47.2 at 650 nm. Twelve electron-microprobe analyses of panskyite gave an average composition: Pd 55.61, Ag 12.36, Pb 23.50, Fe 0.21, Ni 0.24 and S 7.17 total 99.09 wt.%, corresponding to the formula (Pd9.05Fe0.07Ni0.07)Σ9.19Ag1.98Pb1.96S3.87based on 17 atoms; the average of nine analyses on the synthetic analogue is: Pd 57.02, Ag 14.17, Pb 21.81 and S 7.44, total 100.44 wt.%, corresponding to Pd9.07Ag2.22Pb1.78S3.93. The density, calculated on the basis of the empirical formula, is 9.81 g/cm3. The mineral is tetragonal, space groupI4/mmm, witha= 7.973(3),c= 9.139(3) Å,V= 581.0(4) Å3andZ= 2. The crystal structure was solved from the single-crystal and powder X-ray diffraction data of synthetic Pd9Ag2Pb2S4. Panskyite is isostructural with thalhammerite (Pd9Ag2Bi2S4). The mineral name is for the locality, the Pansky massif of the Fedorova–Pana layered intrusion in the Kola Peninsula, Russia.
Optimizing selection of double cord blood units for transplantation of adult patients with malignant diseases
Authors: Fatobene Giancarlo , Volt Fernanda , Moreira Frederico , Mariano Lívia , Chevallier Patrice , Furst Sabine , Labussière-Wallet Hélène , de la Tour Régis Peffault , Deconinck Eric , Cluzeau Thomas , Russell Nigel , Karakasis Dimitrios , Forcade Edouard , Ruggeri Annalisa , Gluckman Eliane , Rocha Vanderson
Published: December 2020

Double-unit unrelated cord blood transplantation (DUCBT) is an option in patients for whom a single unit is not sufficient to provide an adequate number of cells. As current guidelines on UCB unit selection are mainly based on single-unit UCB data, we performed a retrospective analysis of 1375 adult recipients of DUCBT for hematologic malignancies to determine optimal criteria for graft selection. Cryopreserved total nucleated cells (TNCs; ≤3.5 vs >3.5 × 107/kg: hazard ratio [HR], 1.53; 30% vs 45%; P = .01), number of HLA mismatches (≥2 vs 0-1: HR, 1.28; 42% vs 48%; P = .01), and ABO compatibility (minor/major ABO incompatibility vs compatibility: HR, 1.28; P = .04) were independent risk factors for OS. Cryopreserved CD34+ cell dose ≥0.7 × 105/kg in the winning UCB was associated with improved OS (HR, 1.34; P = .03). Low TNC (≤3.5 × 107/kg) and CD34+ (≤1.4 × 105/kg) cell doses were related to decreased neutrophil recovery (HR, 0.65 [P = .01] and HR, 0.81 [P = .01], respectively). DUCBT recipients with ≥2 HLA mismatches had a higher incidence of grade II-IV and III-IV acute graft-versus-host disease (HR, 1.26 [P = .03] and 1.59 [P = .02], respectively). Low TNC dose (HR, 1.57; P = .02) and receiving UCB with ≥2 HLA mismatches (HR, 1.35; P = .03) were associated with increased transplant-related mortality. Our data support selecting adequately HLA-matched UCB units with a double-unit cryopreserved TNC dose >3.5 × 107/kg and CD34+ cell dose of ≥0.7 × 105/kg per unit in DUCBT candidates.
Lung mechanics in type L CoVID-19 pneumonia: a pseudo-normal ARDS
Authors: Viola Lorenzo , Russo Emanuele , Benni Marco , Gamberini Emiliano , Circelli Alessandro , Bissoni Luca , Santonastaso Domenico Pietro , Scognamiglio Giovanni , Bolondi Giuliano , Mezzatesta Luca , Agnoletti Vanni
Published: December 2020

Background

This study was conceived to provide systematic data about lung mechanics during early phases of CoVID-19 pneumonia, as long as to explore its variations during prone positioning.

Methods

We enrolled four patients hospitalized in the Intensive Care Unit of “M. Bufalini” hospital, Cesena (Italy); after the positioning of an esophageal balloon, we measured mechanical power, respiratory system and transpulmonary parameters and arterial blood gases every 6 hours, just before decubitus change and 1 hour after prono-supination.

Results

Both respiratory system and transpulmonary compliance and driving pressure confirmed the pseudo-normal respiratory mechanics of early CoVID-19 pneumonia (respectively, CRS 40.8 ml/cmH2O and DPRS 9.7 cmH2O; CL 53.1 ml/cmH2O and DPL 7.9 cmH2O). Interestingly, prone positioning involved a worsening in respiratory mechanical properties throughout time (CRS,SUP 56.3 ml/cmH2O and CRS,PR 41.5 ml/cmH2O – P 0.37; CL,SUP 80.8 ml/cmH2O and CL,PR 53.2 ml/cmH2O – P 0.23).

Conclusions

Despite the severe ARDS pattern, respiratory system and lung mechanical properties during CoVID-19 pneumonia are pseudo-normal and tend to worsen during pronation.

Trial registration

Restrospectively registered.
Development of a multispectral microscopy platform using laser diode illumination for effective and automatic label-free Plasmodium falciparum detection
Authors: Alvarez Kossonou Yao , Zoueu Jérémie
Published: December 2020

In this paper, we present the progress made in developing multimodal and multispectral light microscopy for label-free malaria diagnosis. Our previously developed light emitting diode (LED) illumination system was replaced by laser diodes as light sources in order to narrow the spectral bands and improve the effectiveness of the contrast function for infected blood cell detection. The acquisition system is now equipped with an algorithm for automatic field scanning and best in-focus determination. We demonstrate the potential of this platform to provide multiple investigation modalities like transmission, reflection, scattering, fluorescence, excitation, emission and polarisation. The application of this platform on malaria-infected samples has shown the effectiveness of such a system in label-free and all-optical malaria detection by allowing the possibility of using a different type of imaging set-up for the samples analysed. Also, fewer illumination sources are used to characterise malaria-infected red blood cells compared to our previous works on malaria detection using LEDs illumination sources.
ПОСТМОДЕРНИСТСКИЕ ТЕНДЕНЦИИ В ТВОРЧЕСТВЕ Э. ЕЛИНЕК
Authors: Akasheva Tatiana Valentinovna , Rakhimova Nuriya Mukhametovna
Published: December 2020

В настоящей статье исследуются постмодернистские тенденции в ранних прозаических произведениях современной австрийской писательницы, лауреата Нобелевской премии 2004 г. в области литературы Э. Елинек. Актуальность исследования обусловлена новым осмыслением текстов Елинек в постмодернистской парадигме.Цель исследования заключается в выборочном анализе ранних прозаических произведений Э. Елинек с точки зрения постмодернистской эстетики и выявлении постмодернистских признаков в теме, интенции, содержании и структуре произведений.Методы исcледования: контекстуальный анализ, литературоведческий анализ, метод описания, сравнительно-сопоставительный анализ и интерпретация. Материалом исследования послужили монографические труды по теории и истории постмодернизма, раскрывающие причины его возникновения и философские основы, а также критические и литературоведческие статьи, посвященные творчеству Э. Елинек и выборочные ранние прозаические произведения автора.Результаты. Исследование показало, что в прозаических произведениях Э. Елинек в полной мере проявляется постмодернистское мироощущение и основные черты литературного постмодерна: отрицание целостности героя и личности, стратегии мифоразрушения, интертекстуальность, коллажная техника, маргинальность, игровое использование трансформированных цитат, аллюзий, нулевая сюжетность, наличие юродивых героев, критика рационализма и логоцентризма, полный отказ от ангажированности. Многослойность текстов и игра со смыслами Э. Елинек ведут к неоднозначности интерпретаций.Практическое применение результатов исследования. Материалы данного исследования могут быть использованы при подготовке спецкурсов и учебных пособий по современной австрийской литературе.
ОСОБЕННОСТИ ПЕРЕВОДА СОСЛАГАТЕЛЬНОГО НАКЛОНЕНИЯ В АНГЛИЙСКОМ ХУДОЖЕСТВЕННОМ ТЕКСТЕ
Authors: Emets Tatiana Vladimirovna , Baryshnikova Iuliia Viktorovna , Emets Angelina Vyacheslavovna
Published: December 2020

Цель. Статья посвящена изучению способов перевода сослагательного наклонения и определение наиболее частотных групп путем проведения статистического анализа всех форм на материале одного художественного текста в оригинале и русских переводах. Актуальность исследования обусловлена затруднениями при переводе предложений с сослагательным наклонением c английского языка на русский. На основе проведенного лингвистического анализа авторы объясняют как в художественном англоязычном тексте представлено сослагательное наклонение и рассматривают лингвистические стратегии перевода в русскоязычных текстах. Исследования в этой области позволят достигнуть более целостного представления о сослагательном наклонении в естественном языке (английском и русском) в лингвистическом аспекте.Метод или методология проведения работы. В работе применяется комплексная методика, включающая метод сплошной выборки при анализе эмпирического материала, статистический метод, описательно-аналитический метод, лингвистический анализ английских и русских предложений.Результаты. Результаты работы заключаются в том, что на основе проведенного лингвистического анализа авторы показывают, как в оригинальном художественном англоязычном тексте представлено сослагательное наклонение и как оно проявляет себя при официальном переводе на русский язык.Область применения результатов. Результаты анализа могут послужить вкладом в теорию, методику преподавания перевода и собственно практику обучения переводу английских художественных текстов на русский язык, в процессе изучения особенностей языка и стиля Р.Л. Стивенсона.
АНАЛИТИЧЕСКИЕ КОНСТРУКЦИИ С ГЛАГОЛОМ METTRE В ПРОФЕССИОНАЛЬНОЙ ТАМОЖЕННОЙ ЛИТЕРАТУРЕ НА ФРАНЦУЗСКОМ ЯЗЫКЕ
Authors: Kogteva Elena Viktorovna
Published: December 2020

Для достижения цели обучения французскому языку, а именно лингвистической компетенции обучаемого и его готовности к коммуникации, в процессе преподавания стоит уделять большее внимание особенностям употребления языковых единиц в различных сочетаниях и их коллокационной комбинаторике. Одной из основных характеристик французского языка является его аналитизм, поэтому именно аналитические конструкции стали объектом исследования.Цель. В статье выявлены и рассмотрены вербальные аналитические конструкции на основе глагола mettre, одного из самых фразеоактивных глаголов широкой семантики.Материалы. Материалом для исследования послужили 14 выпусков журнала “Douane. Magazine”, печатного органа Генерального управления таможен и косвенных сборов Франции.Методы. При анализе материала были использованы лексико-семантический метод, а также метод контент-анализа.Результаты. Результаты исследования показали, что большинство конструкций образуется по схеме «глагол + предлог + существительное», а в качестве предлога чаще всего используется «en». В исследованных текстах выявлены несколько аналитических единиц на основе mettre, объединённых одной из доминирующих сем «выделение, значимость». Кроме этого, целый ряд конструкций употребляются в текстах для обозначения активного действия, поведения человека, причём как в положительной, так и в отрицательной коннотации. Во многих конструкциях данный глагол употребляется как фазисный с преобладанием семы «приведение в действие», две из которых (mettre en place и mettre en oeuvre) в результате контент-анализа были определены как самые частотные. В изученном текстовом массиве были обнаружены не только неразрывные аналитические единицы, но и разрывные. Большим комбинаторным потенциалом обладает глагол permettre, являющийся базой для образования наиболее частотных каузативных конструкций, причём пермиссивная каузация в этих конструкциях отражает значение «давать возможность», а не «разрешать».Область применения результатов. Результаты исследования могут быть использованы при составлении корпуса диспонибельной лексики при обучении студентов французскому языку по специальности «Таможенное дело».
ОСОБЕННОСТИ СТИЛИСТИЧЕСКОГО ВОЗДЕЙСТВИЯ И ЭКСПРЕССИВНЫХ СРЕДСТВ АНГЛИЙСКОГО ЯЗЫКА В ПРОИЗВЕДЕНИЯХ У. ШЕКСПИРА И Э. ДИКИНСОН
Authors: Mosolkova Marina Germanovna , Mardanshina Rimma Marselevna , Kalganova Gulnara Faritovna
Published: December 2020

Цель. В данной статье рассматривается проблема языковой эквивалентности, роль и степень воздействия сонетов и пьес Уильяма Шекспира на лексический и идейный контент поэзии Эмили Дикинсон. Анализируются возможные совпадения, идентичные замыслы, ключевые образы в поэзии обоих авторов.В рамках данного исследования:– показывается влияние творчества У. Шекспира на формирование языковой личности и картины мира Э. Дикинсон;– проводится синхронный анализ сонетов У. Шекспира и стихов Э. Дикинсон;– выделяются темы и ключевые образы, повторяющиеся в творчестве обоих авторов;– анализируются особенности стилистического воздействия и экспрессивных средств английского языка на примере произведений У. Шекспира и Э. Дикинсон.Объектом исследования являются произведения У. Шекспира и стихи Э. Дикинсон.Метод и методология проведения работы. Основу исследования составляет лингвистический, сравнительно-сопоставительный и переводческий анализ. Контекстный анализ применён для рассмотрения экспрессивной лексики в стихотворной речи.Актуальность исследования обусловлена недостаточной изученностью языковой личности Э. Дикинсон отечественными исследователями, в то время как феномен данного автора и ее творчество всегда остаются в фокусе зарубежного языкознания и литературоведения. Требуется дополнительный анализ идейно-образной переклички произведений У. Шекспира и Э. Дикинсон.Научная новизна. Раскрывается мир языковой личности Э. Дикинсон, её картина мира; предлагается свой вариант перевода. Посредством синхронного анализа (сопоставительного анализа) идентифицируется совпадение идей, образов, стилистических приёмов, экспрессивных средств изучаемых авторов.Результаты. Авторами обосновано создание единой театральной картины мира, выявлены схожие экспрессивные средства, трактовки тем, образов и метафор в произведениях Э. Дикинсон и У. Шекспира. Инверсия, повтор, использование эпистолярий как художественного жанра в тексте произведений Э. Дикинсон являются результатом стилистического воздействия творчества великого У. Шекспира.Область применения результатов. Полученные результаты могут быть использованы в курсах по переводоведению и языкознанию.
ФУНКЦИОНИРОВАНИЕ ЗООНИМОВ ТЕМАТИЧЕСКОЙ ГРУППЫ ОБЕЗЬЯНА В СОВРЕМЕННОМ РУССКОМ ЯЗЫКЕ
Authors: Bolgova Elena Viktorovna
Published: December 2020

Цель настоящей работы ‒ определить закономерности актуального употребления зоонимов тематической группы обезьяна с точки зрения семантико-прагматического подхода. Объектом исследования явились зоонимы тематической группы обезьяна (гипероним обезьяна и гипонимы горилла, макака, мартышка и павиан). Новизна работы состоит в ином взгляде на семантико-прагматический подход к анализу семантической структуры зоонима, а также в выявлении тенденций развития коннотативной системы зоонимической лексики современного русского языка. Гипотеза исследования состоит в том, что актуальное (реальное) функционирование зоонимов в современной русскоязычной речевой практике выявляет и закрепляет в слове коннотативные признаки разного типа, которые подчеркивают прагматический потенциал анализируемых языковых знаков.Материал исследования составляют 200 примеров употребления зоонимов тематической группы обезьяна. Методами исследования явились компонентный и дискурсивный анализ, а также анализ словарных дефиниций.Результаты исследования. Анализ семантической структуры зоонимов тематической группы обезьяна показал тенденцию развития ее коннотативного компонента, являющуюся результатом актуального (реального) функционирования зоонимов в современной русскоязычной речевой практике. Кроме словарных значений, коннотативный компонент обогащается за счет употребления слов в разговорных и диалектных конструкциях. В результате такого словоупотребления в лексической структуре зоонимов развиваются коннотативные признаки разного типа: сильные, переходные, слабые. Выделяется также особая группа с выделением признаков человека у животного.Область применения результатов исследования. Результаты исследования могут быть применены в учебном процессе в языковых вузах: в лекционных курсах по лексикологии, лингвокультурологии, семиотике, стилистике, общего языкознания, в преподавании спецкурсов и спецсеминаров по этим дисциплинам, на лекционных и семинарских занятиях по интерпретации художественного текста.
ВЕРБАЛЬНЫЕ И НЕВЕРБАЛЬНЫЕ СРЕДСТВА ВЫРАЖЕНИЯ НЕДООЦЕНКИ В РОМАНЕ С. КИНСЕЛЛЫ «Я – ТВОЙ ДОЛЖНИК»: СОЦИАЛЬНО-КУЛЬТУРНЫЙ АСПЕКТ (НА МАТЕРИАЛЕ АНГЛИЙСКОГО ЯЗЫКА)
Authors: Vlasova Ekaterina Viktorovna , Tislenkova Irina Aleksandrovna
Published: December 2020

Цель. В статье рассматриваются коммуникативные (вербальные и невербальные) средства выражения недооценки, характерные для речи современных англичан. Автор анализирует поведенческую реакцию на ситуацию, которая имеет свои специфические особенности, регулируемые нормами и традициями британской культуры, и вербальные средства, нацеленные на гармоничное, бесконфликтное общение.Методы. Социолингвистический анализ речи персонажа посредством социолингвистических категорий.Результаты. На основании проведенного анализа устанавливается, что намеренная пауза, модератор «It’s like», сдерживание эмоций выступают средствами выражения недооценки и в большей степени используются в речи женщин молодого и старшего возраста, принадлежащих к среднему классу.Область применения результатов. Полученные выводы могут быть использованы в курсе межкультурной коммуникации, стилистики, перевода и семиотики.
PROTECTION OF BIOMETRIC PERSONAL DATA IN MEDICAL INFORMATION SYSTEMS
Authors: Lozhkova A
Published: December 2020

The article discusses the development of personal data protection. Changes in the legal framework for the protection of personal data in healthcare institutions are analyzed. The necessity of applying a comprehensive approach to the issue of personal data protection is identified and justified, and a software package is proposed that will prevent the leakage of personal data.
BENEFITS OF USING AN ARCHITECTURAL CQRS APPROACH IN HIGH-LOAD APPLICATIONS
Authors: Ponizov Aleksandr , Galagan Tat'yana
Published: December 2020

The advantages of using the architectural approach Command-query responsibility segregation in high-load applications are considered. The advantages and disadvantages of using this technology are revealed.
MONITORING OF THE STATE OF THE SKIN BLOOD FLOW IN THE DYNAMICS OF EXPERIMENTAL BURN DISEASE DEVELOPMENT
Authors: Martusevich A. , Epishkina A , Golygina E , Tuzhilkin A , Fedotova A
Published: December 2020

The purpose of this study was to study the state of skin microcirculation in healthy and burned rats. It was found that thermal trauma has a negative impact on the microcirculation system, which is manifested in a decrease in the intensity of blood flow through small-diameter vessels
MICROSCOPIC FUNGI, THEIR EVOLUTION, ROLE IN NATURE AND IN HUMAN PATHOLOGY
Authors: Katola Viktor
Published: December 2020

A brief outline of the evolution of microscopic fungi, structure, chemical composition and role in nature. Attention is paid to adhesins of the cell surface of fungi that determine their colonization and the development of infectious pathology
THE USE OF EVALUATIVE LANGUAGE IN EFL TEACHERS’ REFLECTIVE JOURNAL WRITING: A CORPUS BASED STUDY
Authors: Alonso-Belmonte Isabel
Published: December 2020

This article presents a computer-assisted discourse analysis of the main topics and evaluative parameters used by student teachers of English as a Foreign Language (EFL) in their reflective journals. By applying Bednarek’s parameter-based approach to the study of evaluation, 329 reflective journals (aprox. 90,000 words) were analyzed by using the UAM Corpus Tool. The correlation of three sources of data – topic analysis, evaluative parameters and keywords – allowed to uncover the most typical evaluative language choices made by EFL student teachers in their reflective journals and their overall evaluation of their training process during their practicum studies. Results show that most journal entries pivot around the figure of the secondary student of EFL and that student teachers feel confident enough as to explicitly assess products, performances, and human behavior along the emotivity and the expectedness parameters. Findings are discussed in relation to the development of the EFL student teachers’ professional teaching identity and on the contextual factors that promote it or hinder it.
LANGUAGE CONTACT IN THE MEDIA DISCOURSE: ANGLICISMS IN SECTION LEISURE IN THE NEWSPAPER LA PROVINCIA
Authors: Luján-García Carmen
Published: December 2020

The presence of English is undeniable in various areas of Spaniards’ daily lives, and the domain of leisure activities is not excluded of such a trend. This paper examines the presence of Anglicisms in sections: “Life and style”; “Culture, leisure and society” and “Sports” of the digital edition of the newspaper La Provincia (Las Palmas de Gran Canaria) during the period from 1st March to 31st May 2019. The use of Anglicisms has apparently been increased throughout the last decades, considering a similar previous analysis (LujánGarcía, 1999). The compilation of a corpus of 207 Anglicisms reveals that the section “Life and style”, which compiles news of various fields (fashion, beauty, people, pets, gastronomy) presents the highest percentage of Anglicisms (65.2%). In the second position, “Culture, leisure and society” contains a percentage of 21.7% of the compiled corpus, and this is followed by “Sports”, with 12.9% Anglicisms of the sample. In qualitative terms, some examples of particular uses of the examined Anglicisms are studied in context, considering the whole sentence where they occur, in addition to the analysis of the orthographic markers employed, which tend to be quite inconsistent. Eventually, the pragmatic functions of these Anglicisms are discussed: specialized language, referential, expressive and textual functions, which will be illustrated with examples excerpted from the corpus. Keywords: Anglicisms, digital newspaper, life and style, leisure and sports neologisms.
Pre-pregnancy care in diabetes: A guide for primary care nurses
Authors: Morris David
Published: December 2020

David Morris looks at how to advise expectant mothers to manage type 2 diabetes
Optical information authentication using phase-only patterns with single-pixel optical detection
Authors: Xiao Yin , Zhou Lina , Chen Wen
Published: December 2020

In this paper, we propose and experimentally demonstrate phase-only authentication based on single-pixel optical imaging through scattering media. The propagating wave is sequentially modulated by using a series of random amplitude-only patterns embedded in a spatial light modulator (SLM), and then a series of one-dimensional (1D) intensity values is recorded by the single-pixel (bucket) detector. Subsequently, an intensity pattern just before the SLM is retrieved by using a correlation algorithm and then further propagates back to the object plane in which the object phase pattern is recovered to serve as reference. Then some single-pixel intensity values are randomly selected from the recorded data, and 1-bit compression is applied to the randomly selected data in order to generate 1D binary signals as ciphertext. A series of random amplitude-only patterns corresponding to the randomly selected single-pixel intensity values serve as principal keys. In a scattering environment, the proposed method is able to carry out phase-only authentication without visually rendering the plaintext, which has not been previously studied. It is found that phase-only authentication is sensitive to security keys, and the proposed method possesses high security. In addition, the proposed method is highly robust to noise contamination and data-loss contamination. Optical experimental results demonstrate the feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed method.
Unveiling spontaneous emission enhancement mechanisms in metal–insulator–metal nanocavities
Authors: Ghindani Dipa , Rashed Alireza R. , Caglayan Humeyra
Published: December 2020

Recent advances in the development of a nanocavity based on a metal–insulator–metal (MIM) structure have provided a great opportunity to enhance the performance of photonic devices. However, the underlying physics behind the emission enhancement obtained from such cavities is under debate. Here, in this work, we designed and investigated MIM nanocavities to reveal the mechanisms for the observed 260-fold photoluminescence enhancement from LDS 798 fluorescent dye. This study provides a pathway to engineer the emission properties of an emitter not only through the enhancement of the Purcell factor but mainly through enhancement of the excitation rate. Our numerical simulations support the experimentally acquired results. We believe an MIM cavity and dye-based hybrid system design based on the revealed enhancement process and structural simplicity, will provide more efficient, lithography free, and low-cost advanced nanoscale devices.