bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Adult learning for social change in museums: An exploration of sociocultural learning approaches to community engagement
Authors: Kim Junghwan , You Jieun , Yeon Park Soo
Published: November 2016

This integrative literature review critically examined how scholars were articulating the work of museums to make a space for ‘adult learning for social change through community engagement’. We applied sociocultural adult learning theories (situated learning and cultural-historical activity theory), to 25 theoretical and empirical studies in predominantly museum and culture-based journals but also, specific adult education and lifelong learning journals. We found the studies shared in the works underscored the importance of social, collective interactions (adult learning for social change through community engagement) in the informal settings of museums and the work of various learning mediators of learning such as educators, tour guides and even, curators. In particular, we found a belief in the value of participatory collaborations based on community needs. However, when it came to practice, most studies illuminated passive, individualised processes of learning confined to pre-organised education activities. We argue therefore, that although museums have great potential to become meaningful spaces for adult learning for social change through community engagement, there is a disconnection between a belief/application of more critical, sociocultural learning perspectives and the actual practices under study. We argue that an application of what these theories suggest is needed to strengthen adult learning for social change through community engagement in museums.
Postoperative Pain Management Following Carpal Tunnel Release: A Prospective Cohort Evaluation
Authors: Miller Andrew , Kim Nayoung , Zmistowski Benjamin , Ilyas Asif M. , Matzon Jonas L.
Published: November 2016

Background: Managing postoperative pain in hand surgery is important for both patients and surgeons. However, there is growing concern over prescription opioid abuse. We hypothesized: (1) that pain medications after carpal tunnel release (CTR) surgery are over-prescribed; and (2) that opioids are unnecessary in the majority of patients. Methods: We prospectively studied 2 demographically similar patient cohorts receiving either opioid or tramadol for CTR performed by 2 hand surgery fellowship-trained orthopedic surgeons over a 1-year period. The first cohort of patients undergoing CTR received opioids pills postoperatively. The second cohort of patients received a standard prescription of 10 tramadol pills postoperatively. Student t tests were performed to evaluate statistically significant differences between the tramadol and opioid cohorts in total pill consumption and number of postoperative days the medication was used. Results: The opioid cohort consisted of 159 patients with a mean opioid consumption of 4.9 pills for 2.3 days. Eleven of these patients declined the use of opioids postoperatively and instead substituted for nonsteroidal anti-inflammatories and/or acetaminophen. The tramadol cohort consisted of 110 patients with a mean tramadol consumption of 3.3 pills for 1.8 days. Seven of these patients requested opioids postoperatively, and 14 substituted for nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and/or acetaminophen. When comparing the postoperative consumption of opioids and tramadol for CTR, there was a statistically significant difference in total pill consumption based on both intention to treat as well as the medication ultimately prescribed. There was no difference in the duration of postoperative utilization. Conclusion: Following CTR, pain medications are being over-prescribed, with patients receiving more than double the amount of pills than they consume. Tramadol appears to be equally effective in managing postoperative pain compared with opioids.
From vagueness to clarity? Articulating legal criteria of digital content regulation in China
Authors: Han Dong
Published: November 2016

This research examines China’s laws and regulations on digital media content, which have developed and transformed along with the market-oriented media reform and Internet growth. It argues that there has been a continuous effort to articulate legal criteria of content regulation since the early 1980s. The body of laws regulating digital content today does not show across-the-board vagueness, but an ‘unbalanced’ development with elaborated rules in some legal areas, yet ambiguous stipulations in some others. The ‘vagueness’ of the law is part of the political and ideological ambiguity of China’s reform and development and will not be resolved independently of larger and more profound transformations of the Chinese state and society. The development of digital content laws in China can only make sense in specific historical contexts rather than by comparing against an idealized Western legal order.
Design and implementation of Pharyngeal electrical Stimulation for early de-cannulation in TRACheotomized (PHAST-TRAC) stroke patients with neurogenic dysphagia: a prospective randomized single-blinded interventional study
Authors: Dziewas Rainer , Mistry Satish , Hamdy Shaheen , Minnerup Jens , Van Der Tweel Ingeborg , Schäbitz Wolf , Bath Philip M ,   on behalf of the PHAST-TRAC Investigators
Published: November 2016

Rationale

Ongoing dysphagia in stroke patients weaned from mechanical ventilation often requires long-term tracheotomy to protect the airway from aspiration. In a recently reported single-centre pilot study, a significantly larger proportion (75%) of tracheotomized dysphagic stroke patients regained sufficient control of airway management allowing tracheotomy tube removal (decannulation) 24–72 h after pharyngeal electrical stimulation (PES) compared to controls who received standard therapy over the same time period (20%).

Aim

To assess the safety and efficacy of PES in accelerating dysphagia rehabilitation and enabling decannulation of tracheotomized stroke patients.

Design

International multi-centre prospective randomized controlled single-blind trial in approximately 126 ICU patients (the 90th percentile of the calculated maximum sample size).

Study outcomes

Primary outcome: proportion of stroke patients considered safe for decannulation 24–72 h after PES compared to control patients who do not receive PES. Key secondary outcomes focus on: dysphagia severity, decannulation rates, decannulation rate after a repeat PES treatment in patients persistently dysphagic after an initial PES treatment, stroke severity, duration of ICU-stay, occurrence of adverse events including pneumonia and need for recannulation over 30 days or until hospital discharge (if earlier).

Discussion

Dysphagia and related airway complications are reported as one of the main reasons for stroke patients remaining tracheotomized once successfully weaned from ventilation. This study will evaluate if PES can improve airway safety sufficiently enough to allow earlier tracheotomy tube removal.
Number needed to screen for acute revascularization trials in stroke: Prognostic and predictive imaging biomarkers
Authors: Hou Qinghua , Patrie James L , Xin Wenjun , Michel Patrik , Jovin Tudor , Eskandari Ashraf , Wintermark Max
Published: November 2016

Objective

To systematically assess imaging biomarkers on CT-based multimodal imaging for their being predictive versus prognostic biomarkers for intravenous and endovascular (IA) revascularization therapy, and for their prevalence.

Methods

Our retrospective study included patients suspected of acute ischemic stroke with admission work-up including a non-contrast head CT, perfusion CT, and CT angiography. Modified Rankin scores at 90 days were used as outcomes. For each imaging biomarker, the effect size of the test of interaction between the presence of the biomarker and the treatment effect was calculated, allowing the inference of a total sample size. The total sample size required was combined with the prevalence of the biomarker to determine the number needed to screen.

Results

In the 0–4.5-h time window, the two predictive biomarkers associated with the smallest number needed to screen were perfusion CT penumbra ≥ 20% (404 NNS) and CT angiography collateral score ≥ 2 (581 NNS). In the 3–9-h time window, the four predictive biomarkers associated with the smallest number needed to screen were clot burden score (CBS) on CT angiography (1181 NNS), clot length ≥ 10 mm (1924 NNS), CBS and clot length ≥ 10 mm (1132 NNS), and CBS and perfusion CT penumbra ≥ 100% (1374 NNS). Perfusion CT ischemic core was a prognostic biomarker in both time windows.

Interpretation

Predictive biomarkers need to be differentiated from prognostic biomarkers when being considered to select patients for a trial, and their prevalence should be assessed to determine the number needed to screen and overall feasibility of the trials.
The running performance and estimated energy cost of hurling specific small-sided games
Authors: Malone Shane , Collins Kieran D , Doran Dominic A
Published: November 2016

The current study examined the extent to which pitch dimensions can influence the physical and estimated energetic demands of hurling small-sided games. Training data ( n = 990) were collected from 24 (age 25.5 ± 3.2 years; height 178.9 ± 3.2 cm; body mass 78.5 ± 4.5 kg) hurling players using 4-Hz global positioning system technology (VX Sport, Lower Hutt, New Zealand). Total distance (m), high-speed running distance (m; ≥ 17 km/h), very high-speed running distance (m; ≥ 22 km/h), total accelerations ( n), acceleration distance (m), peak and mean velocity (km/h) were considered. In addition changes in velocity were analysed by assessing the acceleration actions during SSG. This allowed for the assessment of estimated energy expenditure (kJ/kg) and the equivalent distance covered a different metabolic power thresholds. The main findings show that traditional speed-based data increased as pitch dimensions were increased ( p = 0.002; d = 4.53 ± 0.46; very large). Furthermore, as relative player area increased there was an increase in estimated energy expenditure ( p = 0.004; d = 2. 16 ± 0.20; very large) and average metabolic power metrics ( p = 0.002; d = 1.13 ± 0.46; moderate). Distances covered at metabolic power categories (TP) increased with small-sided games pitch dimension ( p = 0.002; d = 0.3 ± 0.06; small). The study enables coaches to better understand the physical demands imposed on players during specific hurling small-sided games pitch dimensions, and highlights that traditional speed-based data underestimate the running demands of small-sided games.
Radiofrequency Thermal Lesioning and Extracorporeal Shockwave Therapy: A Comparison of Two Methods in the Treatment of Plantar Fasciitis
Authors: Ozan Fırat , Koyuncu Şemmi , Gürbüz Kaan , Öncel Eyyüp Sabri , Altay Taşkın
Published: November 2016

We compared the results of radiofrequency thermal lesioning (RTL) and extracorporeal shockwave therapy (ESWT) in patients with chronic plantar fasciitis. This prospective study included 56 patients diagnosed with plantar fasciitis who had complaints for ≥6 months: 40 (group 1) underwent ESWT and 16 (group 2) underwent RTL. The presence of calcaneal spurs was investigated with imaging studies. All patients were followed up clinically at baseline and 1, 3, and 6 months after treatment. Clinical evaluations were performed by the visual analog scale (VAS) and the modified Roles-Maudsley (RM) scoring system. There was no significant difference in the age, sex, body mass index, and side of involvement between the groups (all P > .05). Radiographic evaluation showed calcaneal spurs in 22 patients (55%) in group 1 and 7 patients (43%) in group 2. There was no significant difference in the baseline and posttreatment values between the groups; however, group 2 had significantly different RM values at 1 month than group 1 ( P < .05). In both groups, the VAS scores significantly decreased at 1, 3, and 6 months after treatment ( P < .05). The RM scores at 1, 3, and 6 months after treatment significantly decreased in both groups, except for the RM values at 1 month after treatment in group 1 ( P < .05). Our study results suggest that RTL and ESWT are safe and effective treatments in patients with chronic plantar fasciitis.

Levels of Evidence: Level II: Therapeutic study
The Regionalization of Total Ankle Arthroplasties and Ankle Fusions in New York State: A 10-Year Comparative Analysis
Authors: Buza John A. , Liu James X. , Jancuska Jeffrey , Bosco Joseph A.
Published: November 2016

Background. Total ankle arthroplasty (TAA) provides an alternative to ankle fusion (AF). The purpose of this study is to (1) determine the extent of TAA regionalization, as well as examine the growth of TAA performed at high-, medium-, and low-volume New York State institutions and (2) compare this regionalization and growth with AF. Methods. The New York Statewide Planning and Research Cooperative System (SPARCS) administrative data were used to identify 737 primary TAA and 7453 AF from 2005 to 2014. The volume of TAA and AF surgery in New York State was mapped according to patient and hospital 3-digit zip code. Results. The number of TAA per year grew 1500% (from 11 to 177) from 2005 to 2014, while there was a 35.6% reduction (from 895 to 576) in yearly AF procedures. TAA recipients were widely distributed throughout the state, while TAA procedures were regionalized to a few select metropolitan centers. AF procedures were performed more uniformly than TAA. The number of TAA has continued to increase at high- (15 to 91) and medium-volume (14 to 67) institutions where it has decreased at low-volume institutions (44 to 19). Conclusion. The increased utilization of TAA is attributed to relatively few high-volume centers located in major metropolitan centers.

Levels of Evidence: Level IV: well-designed case-control or cohort studies
Academic Success of “Tiger Cubs”
Authors: Wu Hsiang-Yi , Kung Franki Y. H. , Chen Hsueh-Chih , Kim Young-Hoon
Published: November 2016

Studies in the United States have shown that self-control can predict academic performance beyond intelligence quotient (IQ), which also explains why girls (vs. boys) tend to have higher grades. However, empirical evidence is scarce; moreover, little is known about whether these effects generalize to other cultures. To address these limitations, we conducted a 2-year longitudinal study in Asia and examined the effects of self-control, IQ, and gender on students’ academic achievement over time. Specifically, we first measured 195 Taiwanese seventh grades’ self-control and IQ, and then traced their overall grades over four school semesters. Latent growth curve model analyses suggest that IQ predicted students’ initial academic performance more strongly than self-control; however, self-control—but not IQ—predicted students’ academic growth across the four time points and explained girls’ higher grades. Overall, the findings support the argument that self-control has unique long-term benefits academically and provide initial evidence outside of the North American context.
Refusal Strategies Among Omani EFL Students
Authors: Al-Mahrooqi Rahma , Al-Aghbari Khalsa
Published: November 2016

The main objective of this study was to investigate the refusal speech act among Omani EFL college students. It examined how they refused in various situations and whether their responses were appropriate in terms of culture and accurate in terms of language. Forty-one English as foreign language (EFL) learners completed a Discourse Completion Test (DCT) consisting of 12 scenarios by supplying written refusals to three requests, three suggestions, three invitations, and three offers. Students’ responses were rated by two professors: one a native English speaker and the other not. A convenient sampling procedure was employed. The findings indicated that students’ responses were largely inappropriate and inaccurate. Further examination showed that they were heavily influenced by the students’ culture, many being mere translations of refusal responses in Omani Arabic. Others were inappropriate because they were too direct, due to students’ lack of knowledge of the role of social status when issuing refusals to a person of high status. Language mistakes were mainly in the sentence structure, which affected the meaning clarity. Findings suggest that, to help students become better communicators in English, it is important to teach them directly the most common speech acts, especially those they might frequently use in their everyday conversations with professors and classmates.
Diversity of human and mouse homeobox gene expression in development and adult tissues
Authors: Dunwell Thomas L. , Holland Peter W. H.
Published: November 2016

Background

Homeobox genes encode a diverse set of transcription factors implicated in a vast range of biological processes including, but not limited to, embryonic cell fate specification and patterning. Although numerous studies report expression of particular sets of homeobox genes, a systematic analysis of the tissue specificity of homeobox genes is lacking.

Results

Here we analyse publicly-available transcriptome data from human and mouse developmental stages, and adult human tissues, to identify groups of homeobox genes with similar expression patterns. We calculate expression profiles for 242 human and 278 mouse homeobox loci across a combination of 59 human and 12 mouse adult tissues, early and late developmental stages. This revealed 20 human homeobox genes with widespread expression, primarily from the TALE, CERS and ZF classes. Most homeobox genes, however, have greater tissue-specificity, allowing us to compile homeobox gene expression lists for neural tissues, immune tissues, reproductive and developmental samples, and for numerous organ systems. In mouse development, we propose four distinct phases of homeobox gene expression: oocyte to zygote; 2-cell; 4-cell to blastocyst; early to mid post-implantation. The final phase change is marked by expression of ANTP class genes. We also use these data to compare expression specificity between evolutionarily-based gene classes, revealing that ANTP, PRD, LIM and POU homeobox gene classes have highest tissue specificity while HNF, TALE, CUT and CERS are most widely expressed.

Conclusions

The homeobox genes comprise a large superclass and their expression patterns are correspondingly diverse, although in a broad sense related to an evolutionarily-based classification. The ubiquitous expression of some genes suggests roles in general cellular processes; in contrast, most human homeobox genes have greater tissue specificity and we compile useful homeobox datasets for particular tissues, organs and developmental stages. The identification of a set of eutherian-specific homeobox genes peaking from human 8-cell to morula stages suggests co-option of new genes to new developmental roles in evolution.
Nuclear detection in 4D microscope images of a developing embryo using an enhanced probability map of top-ranked intensity-ordered descriptors
Authors: Han Xian-Hua , Tohsato Yukako , Kyoda Koji , Onami Shuichi , Nishikawa Ikuko , Chen Yen-Wei
Published: November 2016

Nuclear detection in embryos is an indispensable process for quantitative analysis of the development of multicellular organisms. Due to the overlap in the distribution of pixel intensity of nuclear and cytoplasmic regions and the large variation of pixel intensity even within the same type of cellular components in different embryos, it is difficult to separate nuclear regions from the surrounding cytoplasmic region in differential interference contrast (DIC) microscope image. This study explores a discriminative representation of a local patch around a fixed pixel, called top-ranked intensity-ordered descriptor (TRIOD), which is prospected to distinguish the smoothed texture in the nucleus from the irregular texture in cytoplasm containing yolk granules. Then, a probability process is employed to model nuclear TRIOD prototypes, and the enhanced nuclear probability map can be constructed with the TRIODs of all pixels in a DIC microscope image. Finally, a distance-regularized level set method, which not only considers the probability change in a nearby pixel but also regularizes the contour smoothness, is applied to refine the initial localization by simply thresholding on the enhanced probability map. Experimental results show that the proposed strategy can give much better performance for segmentation of nuclear regions than the conventional strategies.
President's Page
Authors: Bradford John
Published: November 2016

To say that 2016 has been a challenging year for SEG would be an understatement. The sustained depression of the oil and gas markets has had a severe impact on our members and corporate partners. The downturn is of a scale that has not been seen for at least three decades. The oil and gas industry has seen hundreds of thousands of layoffs globally, many companies have gone out of business, and those that remain have seen revenues drop by 30–70%.
Foundation News
Authors: Burk Katie , Ford Linda
Published: November 2016

What if we could grow a community of people who not only use geoscience tools, but who also can teach nonscientists the skills and provide them with the tools they need to address our globe's most pressing humanitarian problems? Through the Geoscientists Without Borders (GWB) program, we can.
Introduction to this special section: Near-surface modeling and imaging
Authors: Bridle Ralph
Published: November 2016

Where and what is the near surface? According to Butler (2005) , the majority of near-surface surveys are shallower than 30 m, occasionally down to 100 m, and very rarely considered for depths beyond 100 m. In Saudi Arabia, the majority of upholes are of 100 m depth, and models of the near surface are deeper than 100 m in order to model to the seismic datum. In metalliferous mining areas, low-grade metamorphosed sediments or igneous rocks can constitute the near surface for mining engineering but are not considered near surface in the search for hydrocarbons. For those studying the earth's crust and who have a different perspective, Sharma (1978) finds “… velocity distributions show a well-defined low-velocity layer at 100–150 km depth …”; in those studies, the whole of the sedimentary section would be included in the near surface.
Near-surface modeling: A multiphysics approach
Authors: Mantovani Marco
Published: November 2016

With the growth in geographic scale of land seismic exploration, increasingly complex near-surface modeling capabilities are being employed for static corrections in data processing. Variations in subsurface properties can be detected by gravity and electromagnetic measurements. The principles of complementarity and of noncontradiction are employed to integrate the diverse sources of information in a cooperative or simultaneous joint inversion formalism. In common practice, geophysical methods are subject to equivalency in solution. Also, inversions of first breaks are based on the user's interpretation of early arrivals, and, therefore, they are exposed to systematic errors, especially if picking is automated as for large 3D data sets. In such circumstances, it is desirable to avoid overfitting of observations in inversion. Velocity models developed through a multiphysics approach do not suffer from velocity-depth ambiguity and provide a shallow model that is well protected from the influence of inaccuracy in seismic picking.
High-resolution velocity modeling by seismic-airborne TEM joint inversion: A new perspective for near-surface characterization
Authors: Colombo Daniele , McNeice Gary , Rovetta Diego , Sandoval-Curiel Ernesto , Turkoglu Ersan , Sena Armando
Published: November 2016

We discuss the use of helicopter-borne transient electromagnetic (HTEM) for a high-resolution spatial and vertical characterization of the near surface in a structure-controlled wadi in central Saudi Arabia. In this area, seismic data quality is poor, and seismic imaging suffers from a combination of scattering effects — due to swarms of faults reaching the surface — and large velocity variations occurring along subvertical boundaries between the wadi sediment infill and the surrounding carbonate plateaus. HTEM was selected from a suite of nonseismic methods for multiparameter velocity-model building to enhance the velocity estimation for the wadi and surrounding areas. HTEM data were modeled by performing spatially constrained 1D resistivity inversion to obtain a high-resolution image of the near surface with sensitivity to a depth of 400–500 m from the surface. Sharp boundaries of the wadi and fine vertical layering, obtained from the HTEM inversion, provide detailed information about the parameter variations in the near surface. A seismic-HTEM joint-inversion approach is developed using a cross-gradient structural operator to constrain the velocity inversion with the higher resolution HTEM data. Joint-inversion results provide sharp velocity reconstruction across the wadi boundaries and increase the dynamic range of the velocity variations when compared to a single-domain tomographic approach in which the HTEM contribution is ignored. Superior imaging results in both time and depth are derived from velocities estimated by the seismic-TEM joint-inversion approach.
Near-surface geophysical mapping of an Upper Cretaceous submarine volcanic vent in Austin, Texas, USA
Authors: Saribudak Mustafa
Published: November 2016

Geophysical surveys were conducted at the Williamson Creek site south of Austin, Texas, to determine the structural relation of the Upper Cretaceous volcanic rocks (lava and tuff) with the associated Austin Chalk limestone. At this site, resistivity and magnetic methods were performed over the exposed volcanic and limestone rocks. Geophysical results indicate an excellent correlation between high-magnetic and low-resistivity anomalies. The pseudo-3D resistivity data show a steeply dipping funnel-shaped vent formation over the high-magnetic anomaly (up to 3000 nT). Magnetic anomalies are consistent with a uniformly magnetized body, like a volcanic vent, and the anomaly's dimensions are consistent with eroded volcanic vents in other distributed volcanic fields in the United States. Magnetic data has been integrated with resistivity data and geologic observations and subjected to 2.5D forward potential-field modeling. Modeling has revealed a perfect fit with three magnetic zones: (1) the central part corresponds to the main magma feeder (vent); (2) the surrounding zone corresponds to undifferentiated interbedded tuffs and lavas; and (3) the low-magnetization zone. Geophysical results show that additional resistivity surveys, in conjunction with magnetic surveys, could offer useful information on the shallow volcanic plugs (serpentines), which are potential oil and gas traps in Texas, and their adjacent sedimentary rocks. The procedures developed here may have applications in other areas with comparable geologic conditions.
Inexigibilidade de licitação para serviços técnicos profissionais especializados na área da advocacia
Authors: Cademartori Luiz Henrique Urquhart , Moraes Leonardo Bruno Pereira de
Published: November 2016

O artigo analisará a construção do instituto da inexigibilidade de licitação para contratação de serviços advocatícios como espécie de serviço técnico profissional especializado, previsto no art. 25, II, da Lei no 8.666/1993. Inicialmente, caracterizam-se os seus conceitos essenciais como o objeto singular, a notória especialização e a singularidade da contratação. Diante desse cenário, abordar-se-á a discricionariedade do administrador no processo decisório de contratação direta, assim como sua responsabilidade em justificar os atos praticados durante o estabelecimento da inexigibilidade de licitação. Da perspectiva e análise dos julgamentos recentes do Superior Tribunal de Justiça e do Supremo Tribunal Federal, conclui-se pela possibilidade de contratação direta de advogados e escritórios de advocacia pela administração pública, desde que respeitados os requisitos legais. This article will analyze the construction of the institute of sole-source acquisition concerning legal firms as a type of specialized professional service, provided in art. 25, II, of Federal Law n. 8.666/93. Initially, the essential elements will be explained such as the singular object of the contract; the notorious specialization of the person/company who was awarded the contract; and the singularity of the case. Given this scenario, the study will approach the discretion of the public official in the decision making process of direct contracting, as well as their responsibility to justify the acts performed during the establishment of the sole-source acquisition. Under the perspective of the recent rulings of the Superior Court of Justice and the Federal Supreme Court, the article settles the possibility of direct contracting of lawyers and law firms by the Public Administration, as long as the legal requirements are respected.
Desajustes regulatórios no financiamento do setor elétrico: uma análise da conta de desenvolvimento energético
Authors: Schapiro Mario G.
Published: November 2016

Este artigo procura discutir um desajuste regulatório no setor elétrico brasileiro, que tem gerado o aumento substantivo da conta de luz, principalmente para os consumidores cativos. Esse desajuste é ocasionado por dois fatores complementares. Um deles é a ampliação do leque de políticas públicas custeadas por um encargo setorial, a Conta de Desenvolvimento Energético (CDE). O outro é a retração das subvenções do Tesouro, que vinham ocorrendo desde 2013, quando a CDE passou a se encarregar de um maior volume de atividades. O artigo descreve esse fato e explora duas implicações jurídicas a ele associadas. Primeiro, ao financiar atividades que extrapolam o escopo direto do serviço de energia, a CDE resvala em um desvio da legalidade que compõe o regime das finanças públicas: há uma tributação camuflada como tarifa. Segundo, a tributação via tarifa expõe os usuários a um aumento tarifário sem os correspondentes freios e contrapesos apresentados pelo sistema tributário. This paper aims at discussing a regulatory imbalance at the electricity sector. Prices paid in Brazilian electric sector has suffered a substantial increase since the beginning of this year. Such imbalance occurred because of two complementary reasons. The expansion of the Energetic Development Account (CDE) is one of them. Consumer finances this account and government recently increased CDE assignments in order to amplify its policy-making possibilities. The other reason is the downturn in government subsidies, which started in 2013 once CDE was redirected to a larger amount of policies. Behind this fact, there are two related legal implications. First of all, by financing services that overcome the electricity sector with resources paid by consumers, Federal Government has been imposing by flexible a cost that should be imposed exclusively by tax Law. The second implication is that disguising CDE tax nature exposes consumers to potential price increasing and deprives them from the checks and balances required by tax system in Brazilian constitution.
Desregulamentação e continuidade na intervenção estatal sobre o domínio econômico: o caso das cotas de importação favorecida de açúcar
Authors: Pereira Neto Caio Mario da Silva , Adami Mateus Piva , Carvalho Felipe Moreira de
Published: November 2016

A desregulamentação de setores econômicos com histórico de forte intervenção estatal pode ser um processo marcado por contradições. Neste artigo, analisamos o caso da Lei no 9.362/1996, que desconstituiu mecanismos de intervenção históricos no setor açucareiro, mas manteve — e fortaleceu — um peculiar mecanismo de alocação de direitos de exportação para “mercados preferenciais” (países desenvolvidos que adotam medidas protecionistas para importações de açúcar). Argumentamos pela inconstitucionalidade da manutenção desse mecanismo, que estabelece reserva de mercado e substitui a lógica de funcionamento do mercado de exportações de açúcar por política de planejamento vinculativo. Deregulation of industries with a strong background of state intervention may be a contradictory process. This article analyzes Law 9.362/96, which liberalized the sugar industry, but maintained — and reinforced — a peculiar mechanism for the allocation of import quotas for “preferential markets” (developed countries which adopt protectionist policies for sugar imports). We argue that this quota allocation mechanism is unconstitutional, as prevents access to sugar exportation by potential interested parties, replacing market mechanisms with a binding planification policy.
Regulação e controle de preços do setor privado no direito brasileiro: hipóteses de possibilidade — parâmetros jurídicos — a irretroatividade das normas no campo regulatório — formas e limites de atuação do Poder Judiciário
Authors: Coutinho Diogo R. , Rocha Jean-Paul Veiga da
Published: November 2016

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Autorização para o uso da pílula do câncer
Authors: Aurélio Ministro Marco
Published: November 2016

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Parceria para o mercado de cartões de pagamento e de vale benefícios
Authors: Luis Conselheiro Alessandro Octaviani
Published: November 2016

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Recolhimento da taxa de mandato judicial
Authors: Silveira Conselheiro Rubens Curado
Published: November 2016

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Questões jurídicas relevantes na gestão de parques urbanos no Brasil: panorama geral e estudo de caso do Parque do Flamengo
Authors: Sampaio Patrícia Regina Pinheiro , Sampaio Rômulo Silveira da Rocha , Magalhães Laura
Published: November 2016

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Dez medidas anticorrupção
Authors: Federal Ministério Público
Published: November 2016

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Case Report: Congenital left ventricular diverticulum: a pediatric case report
Authors: Jrad Myriam , Affes Meriem , Behi Salma , Laabidi Amine , Mizouni Habiba
Published: November 2016

Congenital left ventricular diverticulum is a rare cardiac abnormality consisting of a localized outpouching from the free wall of the cardiac chamber. It is usually asymptomatic. However, complications such as infective endocarditis, arrhythmias, and embolism may occur. Medical ultrasound, echocardiography, CT angiography, MRI and invasive ventriculography are diagnostic tools used to identify congenital left ventricular diverticulum. Surgical resection is the treatment of choice in symptomatic patients, whereas the management of asymptomatic patients often represents a therapeutic dilemma. We report the case of a symptomatic left ventricular diverticulum on a 3-day-old female with Cantrell’s syndrome treated surgically. Postoperative course was uneventful. The patient was discharged with a good clinical condition. The prognosis of this malformation is poor if not diagnosed in the perinatal period. A diagnosis can be suspected with echocardiography; however, a CT scan allows a complete study of the problem. The treatment is always surgical with a good postoperative prognosis.
REGIONAL ASPECTS OF INNOVATION
Authors: Шипкова Елена , Shipkova E , Борисова Наталья , Borisova Natalya , Борисов Александр , Borisov Alyeksandr
Published: November 2016

Innovative processes, innovative projects in the current conditions of economic entities of the economy are an effective means of competition for leadership positions in the market economy and a focus on the creation of new needs, increasing profitability of products, investment.

The work area is presented as a social, ecological and economic system. We consider innovation indicators of the Orenburg region. The problems of innovative development of the region. It presents the characteristics of innovation management at the regional level.

The study of the regional aspects of innovation activity in the region is an attempt to develop a mechanism of innovation development of regional socio-ecological-economic system, which will allow for a continuous process of interaction between all the elements of the system and to ensure the achievement of the business entities of strategic guidelines for regional development.
Enterprise diagnostics as a means of managing organizational politics improvement
Authors: Гудз Николай , Gudz Nikolay , Кондратьев Эдуард , Kondratev Eduard , Якомаскина М , Yakomaskina M
Published: November 2016

Diagnosis of business processes is an integral part of the development of production systems. Knowledge of the true causes of problems leads to greater probability of a positive outcome of the process improvement, avoiding unnecessary labor and cash costs. The article describes the evaluation of business systems, the general methodology of diagnosis and conditions of system stability. The goal is the creation of a mechanism to be evaluated quickly and accurately by any criteria.
Management competencies based on the individualization of the educational process
Authors: Столбова Ирина , Stolbova I.
Published: November 2016

In the article the problem of training university graduates competitive in a market economy is considered. In forming the required competencies of the trainees are preferred techniques that take into account individual abilities and characteristics of the students, as well as on the active participation of the student in the selection and construction of individual learning paths. During the development of the educational program, students should be able to change the educational route, depending on the results achieved by the current development of teaching material. Effective educational process management mechanism based on network modeling is proposed. Examples of the control of individual educational trajectories within subject teaching given. Developed mechanism contributes to the quality of training of students, it takes into account the personal characteristics and interests of the students and stimulates their cognitive and project activities.
Regional aspects of innovative activity
Authors: Куценко Екатерина , Kutsenko Ekaterina , Солдаткина О , Soldatkina O
Published: November 2016

Innovative processes, innovative projects in the current conditions of economic entities of the economy are an effective means of competition for leadership positions in the market economy and a focus on the creation of new needs, increasing profitability of products, investment.

The work area is presented as a social, ecological and economic system. We consider innovation indicators of the Orenburg region. The problems of innovative development of the region. It presents the characteristics of innovation management at the regional level.

The study of the regional aspects of innovation activity in the region is an attempt to develop a mechanism of innovation development of regional socio-ecological-economic system, which will allow for a continuous process of interaction between all the elements of the system and to ensure the achievement of the business entities of strategic guidelines for regional development.
Innovation in Russian regions with different level of gross regional product per capita
Authors: Петухов Николай , Petukhov Nikolay
Published: November 2016

The article is devoted to the production of innovative products of the enterprises in the regions of the Russian Federation. The value of innovation activity of enterprises, the cost of technological innovation, the volume of innovative products, its share in the retail and wholesale trade in the Russian regions with different values of the gross regional product per capita in 2000, 2005, 2010 and 2013 is compared.
Alternativity in innovative projecting
Authors: Golenko Ginzburg D. , Golenko Ginzburg D.
Published: November 2016

The paper deals with network projects with a permanently changing structure, usually of alternative stochastic type with multi-variant outcomes. Thus, unlike projects with a fixed structure, we examine projects, where control action mostly deal with situations when an alternative milestone event is realized.
Behavioral Anomalies in Consumer Wait-or-Buy Decisions and Their Implications for Markdown Management
Authors: Baucells Manel , Osadchiy Nikolay , Ovchinnikov Anton
Published: November 2016

The decision to buy an item at a regular price or wait for a possible markdown involves a multidimensional trade-off between the value of the item, the delay in getting it, the likelihood of getting it, and the magnitude of the price discount. Such trade-offs are prone to behavioral anomalies by which human decision makers deviate from the discounted expected utility model. We build an axiomatic preference model that accounts for three well-known anomalies and produces a parsimonious generalization of discounted expected utility. We then plug this behavioral model into a Stackelberg-Nash game between a firm that decides the price discount and a continuum of consumers who decide to wait or buy, anticipating other consumers’ decisions and the resultant likelihood of product availability. We solve the markdown management problem and contrast the results of our model with those under discounted expected utility. We analytically show that accounting for the behavioral anomalies can result in larger markdowns and higher revenue. Finally, we calibrate our model via a laboratory experiment and validate its predictions out-of-sample.
The conduct and process of mental capacity assessments in home health care settings
Authors: Cliff Charlotte , McGraw Caroline
Published: November 2016

The assessment of capacity to consent to treatment is key to shared practitioner–patient decision-making. It is the responsibility of the person closest to the decision being made to carry out the assessment. The aim was to examine the factors that influence mental capacity assessments in home health care settings and identify the facilitators and inhibitors to the conduct and process of assessments as perceived and experienced by non-medical health practitioners providing generalist community services. Semi-structured interviews with a purposive sample of community nurses, community physiotherapists and community occupational therapists in one NHS Trust in London. Data were analysed thematically. The main themes were issues relating to: intrinsic patient factors and behaviours; recognising, managing and utilising the influence of the family; practitioner motivation and competence; working together as a team to optimise shared decision making, and; the importance of place. While some issues appear germane to both hospital and home health care settings, others are unique to – or manifest very differently in – home health care settings. The findings suggest that the influence of family members, long-term practitioner–patient relationships and physical distance from co-workers make the conduct and process of mental capacity assessments in home health care settings an inherently complex endeavour.
Implications of the Working Time Regulations on district nurse practice
Authors: Griffith Richard
Published: November 2016

In this article Richard Griffith considers the impact of two recent developments, in case law from the European Court of Justice and a professional misconduct from the nursing and midwifery council, on the application of the Working Time Regulations 1998.
Swallowing difficulties and Parkinson's disease
Authors: Miles Anna
Published: November 2016

Parkinson's disease impacts the lives of thousands of people across the world. Chest infection is a significant health risk for people with Parkinson's disease and is often caused by swallowing difficulties, saliva management and weak cough. There is promising research on various treatments for swallowing and cough impairments. If swallowing and cough function can improve with rehabilitation, this will potentially improve the health and quality of life of people with Parkinson's disease worldwide.
Management of dysarthria associated with Parkinson's disease: a speech and language therapist perspective
Authors: Barber Camilla Louise
Published: November 2016

Parkinson's disease (PD) is a progressive neurodegenerative condition characterised by motor and non-motor symptoms. Speech and language intervention has been shown to be the most effective therapeutic method for improving voice and speech function in PD. This article provides an overview of symptoms of hypokinetic dysarthria associated with PD and speech and language therapy interventions for treating hypokinetic dysarthria.
Thrombectomy in acute ischaemic stroke and the implications for nursing practice
Authors: de Sousa Ismália
Published: November 2016

Emergency treatments for acute ischaemic stroke have been hugely dominated by the efficacy of thrombolysis (clot busting treatment) in reducing stroke disability and are deeply rooted in stroke care and practice. In recent years, thrombectomy (mechanical removal of a thrombus) has emerged and the results of randomised control trials have also proved its efficacy. This article provides an overview of thrombectomy, the management of patients with a stroke eligible for this procedure and the implications for nursing practice.
Discordance between ICD-Coded Myocardial Infarction and Diagnosis according to the Universal Definition of Myocardial Infarction
Authors: Díaz-Garzón Jorge , Sandoval Yader , Smith Stephen W , Love Sara , Schulz Karen , Thordsen Sarah E , Johnson Benjamin K , Driver Brian , Jacoby Katherine , Carlson Michelle D , Dodd Kenneth W , Moore Johanna , Scott Nathaniel L , Bruen Charles A , Hatch Ryan , Apple Fred S
Published: November 2016

BACKGROUND

International Classification of Diseases (ICD) coding is the standard diagnostic tool for healthcare management. At present, type 2 myocardial infarction (T2MI) classification by the Universal Definition of Myocardial Infarction (MI) remains ignored in the ICD system. We determined the concordance for the diagnosis of MI using ICD-9 coding vs the Universal Definition.

METHODS

Cardiac troponin I (cTnI) was measured by both contemporary (cTnI) and high-sensitivity (hs-cTnI) assays in 1927 consecutive emergency department (ED) patients [Use of TROPonin In Acute coronary syndromes (UTROPIA) cohort] who had cTnI ordered on clinical indication. All patients were adjudicated using both contemporary and hs-cTnI assays. The Kappa index and McNemar test were used to assess concordance between ICD-9 code 410 and type 1 MI (T1MI) and type 2 MI (T2MI).

RESULTS

Among the 249 adjudicated MIs using the contemporary cTnI, only 69 (28%) were ICD-coded MIs. Of 180 patients not ICD coded as MI, 34 (19%) were T1MI and 146 (81%) were T2MI. For the ICD-coded MIs, 79% were T1MI and 21% were T2MI. A fair Kappa index, 0.386, and a McNemar difference of 0.0892 (P < 0.001) were found. Among the 207 adjudicated MIs using the hs-cTnI assay, 67 (32%) were ICD coded as MI. Of the 140 patients not ICD coded as MI, 27 (19%) were T1MI and 113 (81%) were T2MI. For the ICD-coded MIs, 85% were T1MI and 15% T2MI. A moderate Kappa index, 0.439, and a McNemar difference of 0.0674 (P < 0.001) were found.

CONCLUSIONS

ICD-9–coded MIs captured only a small proportion of adjudicated MIs, primarily from not coding T2MI. Our findings emphasize the need for an ICD code for T2MI.
EXPERIMENTAL INVESTIGATION ON CHROMIUM(VI) REMOVAL FROM AQUEOUS SOLUTION USING ACTIVATED CARBON RESORCINOL FORMALDEHYDE XEROGELS
Authors: Oyedoh Eghe A. , Ekwonu Michael C.
Published: November 2016

The adsorption of chromium(VI) metal ion in aqueous solutions by activated carbon resorcinol formaldehyde xerogels (ACRF) was investigated. The results showed that pore structure, surface area and the adsorbent surface chemistry are important factors in the control of the adsorption of chromium(VI) metal ions. The isotherm parameters were obtained from plots of the isotherms and from the application of Langmuir and Freundlich Isotherms. Based on regression analysis, the Langmuir isotherm model was the best fit. The maximum adsorption capacity of ACRF for chromium (VI) was 241.9 mg/g. The pseudo-second-order kinetic model was the best fit to the experimental data for the adsorption of chromium metal ions by activated carbon resorcinol formaldehyde xerogels. The thermodynamics of Cr(VI) ions adsorption onto ACRF was a spontaneous and endothermic process.