bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
DIFICULTĂȚI DE DIAGNOSTIC ETIOLOGIC AL SINDROMULUI DE MALABSORBȚIE ȘI MALNUTRIȚIEI ETIOLOGIC DIAGNOSTIC PROBLEMS IN MALABSORPTION SYNDROME AND MALNUTRITION
Authors:   Spitalul Clinic de Urgență pentru Copii Brașov, Demjén Enikő , Petrescu Luciana ,   Spitalul Clinic de Urgență pentru Copii Brașov, Pascu Carmen ,   Spitalul Clinic de Urgență pentru Copii Brașov, Cojocaru Emanuela ,   Spitalul Clinic de Urgență pentru Copii Brașov, Csutak Katalin ,   Spitalul Clinic de Urgență pentru Copii Brașov, Falup-Pecurariu Oana ,   Spitalul Clinic de Urgență pentru Copii Brașov Facultatea de Medicină, Universitatea Transilvania Brașov
Published: December 2020

Malnutriția și sindromul de malabsorbție, având prevalența în scădere, rămâne o adevărată provocare pentru cadrele medicale, datorită spectrului larg etiologic și simptomatologiei foarte diverse. La 80-90% dintre cazuri nu se găsește o cauză organică, impactul psihosocial având o importanță majoră în dezvoltarea malnutriției. Pacienții respectivi suferă multiple spitalizări în vederea elucidării diagnosticului etiologic, însă de cele mai multe ori se clarifică prezența factorilor familiari -neglijență, dificultăți parentale. Prezentăm două cazuri clinice cu malnutriție protein-energetică la doi frați, cu manifestări clinice grave, sugerând prezența unei afecțiuni organice severe.În urma investigațiilor se dovedește ca prezența concomitentă a mai multor factori poate să conducă la apariția sindromului de malabsorbție și malnutriției, fără a fi prezent o cauză organică severă
IMPACT OF PHARMACOTHERAPY ON LIFE QUALITY OF PATIENTS WITH EPILEPSY IMPACTUL TERAPIEI FARMACOLOGICE ASUPRA CALITĂȚII VIEȚII PACIENȚILOR CU EPILEPSIE
Authors:   Universitatea Transilvania din Brașov, CIORICEANU Ionuț-Horia , CONSTANTIN Dan ,   Universitatea Transilvania din Brașov, ROGOZEA Liliana ,   Universitatea Transilvania din Brașov
Published: December 2020

Obiectiv: Pacienții cu epilepsie pot fi ținte ale discriminării și se confruntă cu o calitate a vieții mai scăzută și în ciuda dezvoltării în ultimii douăzeci de ani a medicamentelor antiepileptice o parte dintre aceștia manifestă rezistență la tratament. Obiectivul acestei lucrări este de a corela conceptul de epilepsie farmacorezistentă, cu modalitățile de diagnostic, tratament și impactul asupra calității vieții pe baza datelor disponibile din literatură. Concluzie:Calitatea vieții pacienților cu epilepsie trebuie să îi preocupe pe medicii curanți, iar decizia de prescriere și ajustare a tratamentului trebuie raportată la dobândirea absenței crizelor cu cât mai puține efecte adverse. Sunt necesare studii asupra pacienților cu epilepsie din România cu privire la calitatea vieții și compararea datelor cu cele existente internațional.
ADAPTAREA UNEI SECȚII MEDICALE DINTR-UN CENTRU TERȚIAR LA PANDEMIA COVID-19 ADAPTATION OF A MEDICAL DEPARTMENT FROM A TERTIARY CENTER TO THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC
Authors:   Spitalul Clinic Județean de Urgență Brașov, Scoipan Geanina , Antonela-Diana Hîrceagă ,   Spitalul Clinic Județean de Urgență Brașov, Nedelcu Laurențiu ,   Facultatea de Medicină, Universitatea Transilvania Brașov
Published: December 2020

SARS-CoV-2 reprezintă o provocare nouă în lumea medicală, precum și o problemă majoră de sănătate publică, antrenând echipe multidisciplinare pentru identificarea strategiilor optime de diagnostic și tratament.Articolul de față își propune, pe de o parte, să evidențieze succint impactul psihologic în populația generală și în rândul personalului medical, iar pe de altă parte, prezintă adaptarea unei secții medicale dintr-un centru terțiar la pandemie.
ANTIBIOTICELE: O NECESITAE ÎN MANAGEMENTUL CONVULSIILOR FEBRILE? DO WE NEED ANTIBIOTICS IN FEBRILE CONVULSIONS?
Authors:   Spitalul Clinic de Urgență pentru Copii Brașov Facultatea de Medicină, Universitatea Transilvania Brașov, Lixandru Raluca-Ileana , Zavarache Cristina ,   Spitalul Clinic de Urgență pentru Copii Brașov, Lixandru Ileana ,   Spitalul Clinic de Urgență pentru Copii Brașov, Mitrică Maria ,   Spitalul Clinic de Urgență pentru Copii Brașov Facultatea de Medicină, Universitatea Transilvania Brașov, Petrescu Luciana ,   Spitalul Clinic de Urgență pentru Copii Brașov, Boeriu Bettina-Lavinia ,   Spitalul Clinic de Urgență pentru Copii Brașov, Falup-Pecurariu Oana ,   Spitalul Clinic de Urgență pentru Copii Brașov Facultatea de Medicină, Universitatea Transilvania Brașov
Published: December 2020

Scop:Scopul studiului a fost stabilirea evaluarea corelațiilor dintre febră, analizele de laborator și prescrip-ția de antibiotice.Metodă:Am efectuat un studiu prospectiv pe perioada unui an, incluzând copiii diagnosticați cu convulsii febrile.Rezultate:Am inclus 70 de copii care s-au prezentat cu convulsii febrile la Spitalul Clinic de Copii din Brașov, cu o vârstă medie de 4,32 de ani, 56,2% provenind din mediul urban. 42% au avut leucocite sub 12000/mm3, 24% au avut leucocite peste 15000/mm3. 78,26% au avut o proteină C Reactivă (CRP) sub 1 mg/dl, iar 70,58% au avut o viteză de sedimentare a hematiilor sub 10 mm/h. Culturile au fost pozitive la 1,42% dintre pacienți. Un procent de 54,27 a primit monoterapie, iar restul biterapie cu antibiotice.Concluzie:Convulsiile febrile reprezintă una dintre cele mai frecvente cauze de prezentare în serviciul de urgență. Majoritatea convulsiilor febrile nu sunt de etiologie bacteriană. Există o prescripție excesivă de antibioti-ce pentru convulsiile febrile.
EDITORIAL VOL. 5 (2020) – Presentación del Dossier UFLO – FMC para alumnos de la Facultad de Psicología y Ciencias Sociales de la Universidad de Flores
Authors: Prozzillo Paola
Published: December 2020

El presente dossier se gesta a partir de la propuesta lanzada por Fundación MenteClara internacional y la Cátedra Psicología de la Salud de la Facultad de Psicología y Ciencias Sociales de la Universidad de Flores, quienes han convocado a la participación de los estudiantes de la asignatura a la producción de artículos de revisión bibliográfica que contemplen en su desarrollo los constructos teóricos de incumbencia para la Psicología Positiva.
The method of fuzzy determination of the concentration of heavy metals in the atomic absorption spectral analysis of bottom sediments
Authors:   Dnipro University of Technology, Olevska Yu.B. , Olevskyi V.I. ,   Ukrainian State University of Chemical Technology, Timchy K.I. ,   Ukrainian State University of Chemical Technology, Olevskyi О.V. ,   Oles Honchar Dnipro National University
Published: December 2020

Due to the technogenic impact on the biosphere and its components, a significant amount of heavy metals and radionuclides ends up in the environment. One of the main directions for improving the ecological components of environmental safety is the biotransformation of bottom sediments of reservoirs containing heavy metals, with the help of vermiculture, into biologically safe organic fertilizer. Assessment of the concentration of heavy metals in bottom sediments is an urgent task, the solution of which will allow preserving the natural environment, improving the condition of soils and, as a result, human health. The problem of using bottom deposits in this case is the accuracy of determining the content of various heavy metals in them, which affect the vital activity of earthworms. The gross and mobile forms of heavy metals in experimental substrates can be most accurately determined by atomic absorption spectral analysis. Atomic absorption analysis is a method of analytical chemistry based on the selective absorption of electromagnetic radiation of a certain wavelength by neutral atoms of the element being determined free of all molecular bonds. In the process of absorption, an electron moves from the main energy level to a higher one as a result of photon excitation. In this case, the intensity of the exciting light of a given frequency decreases. Accurate quantification is often hampered by significant matrix interference and non-uniform analyte distribution. To achieve the accuracy and reliability of the method required for vermicultivation, this work proposes a modification of the analysis method by applying fuzzy modeling of the experimental results. From a mathematical point of view, the process of constructing a calibration graph can be implemented using the procedure for constructing a fuzzy scale in the method for decoding the weight of proteins during electrophoresis. An algorithm is described for determining the fuzzy concentration of a metal from the atomic absorption signal data, followed by defuzzification of the obtained fuzzy concentration for analysis and practical use. Keywords: fuzzy modeling, spectral analysis, heavy metals.
The dynamics of the centreing mechanism of piercing mill mandrel of the pipe-rolling plant
Authors:   Research and Production Company «Vostok-Plus», Rakhmanov S.R. , Gulyaev Yu.G. ,   Research and Production Company «Vostok-Plus», Zdanevich S.V. ,   National Metallurgical Academy of Ukraine
Published: December 2020

The paper presents the results of the vibrodiagnostics of a centering machine mechanism for holding piercing mill mandrel N1 of the pipe-rolling plant (PRP) 350. In the paper, it is established that vibration acceleration of a bearing roller lever of the centering machine mechanism for holding piercing mill mandrel during milling of an Æ282х50 mm shell, steel 20 reaches 5…12 m/s2, and of the upper roller’s vibration frequency is 33.3 Hz. The paper presents the results of the thickness measuring of the Æ282х50 shell, steel 20 after using the piercing mill N1 350. The results shows the distinctive influence of the dynamics of the milling holding mechanism rod. The system is put forth for calculating the energy-power parameters during the realization of the technical process for making shells of the required specifications in a piercing mill. The paper establishes the value of the milling axial resistance to the flow of the milled metal (taking the calibration values into account). The paper presents a refined system for making a dynamic model for the piercing bill milling holding mechanism rod with the milling calibration parameters taken fully included. A differential equation for the milling rod movement is made, specifically for the dynamic model of the PRP piercing mill mechanical system. The dynamic values of the mechanical system are refined, which is used as a starting point for solving the tasks dealing with the analysis of the PRP piercing mill milling rod’s vibroactivity state. In order to decrease rod vibroactivity levels, the paper recommends choosing rational milling calibration and to set the shell milling modes using mechanical system dynamics modelling during the corresponding stages of the design of technological processes. The paper pro-poses a scheme for modernization of the PRP 350 piercing bill exit side by switching the centering machine rod system holding bridges gear to proportional hydraulics. Keywords: piercing mill, vibration diagnostics, thickness measurement, piercing, sleeve; difference in wall thickness, energy-power parameters, calibration, mandrel, vibroactivity, dynamics, mandrel retention mechanism.
Evaluation of knowledge, attitude and practice towards corona virus disease 2019 (COVID-19) among second year medical students in post lockdown period: A quick online questionnaire based study
Authors: Baheti Ashishkumar , Chimurkar Leena , Varma Sushilkumar
Published: December 2020

Background: The year 2019–2020 has seen a worldwide pandemic resulting from corona virus disease 2019 (COVID‑19), which can result in illnesses ranging from the common cold to severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS). Hence, this global health crisis of COVID‑19 pandemic offers a unique opportunity to evaluate knowledge, attitude, and practice among medical students.

Methods: This prospective, web‑based, cross‑sectional study was conducted among 100

undergraduate medical students after obtaining informed consent during first week of August 2020 using a 37-items structured questionnaire based on the Ministry of Health and Family welfare course materials and was distributed using Google forms. All the tests were performed at a significance level of 5%.

Results: Overall, the study participants’ knowledge regarding COVID‑19 was satisfactory they have positive attitude and they followed healthy preventive practices also. There was no significant difference found among male and females in knowledge and practice however attitude score was affected by gender.

Conclusions: Most medical students had satisfactory knowledge levels, and discrepancies in the perceptions of COVID‑19, thus, with adequate training and counseling undergraduate medical students via structured teaching program, most medical students can act as a potential reservoir to fill the gaps in health‑care services in the hour of need.

Keywords: COVID-19, Knowledge, attitude, Practice, Medical students, questionnaire
BATHILDIS: THE QUEEN’S TWO STORIES
Authors: ERMOLAEVA A.V.
Published: December 2020

The article presents an introduction to a publication of a Russian translation of the Vita St. Balthildis, a Life of one of a few canon-ized royal spouses, a Frankish Queen Bathildis. The publication is based on the second, enlarged version of the Vita, compiled in the 9th century by an anonymous Carolingian hagiographer.
Eksistensi lembaga Al-Hisba dalam Marketplace: Sebuah Keniscayaan Sejarah dan Metamorfosis Kelembagaan Pengawasan Pasar Bebas dalam Perspektif Islam
Authors: Rini Puspita Hifi
Published: December 2020

The objectives of this research are: to study and analyze the existence of Al-Hisba institution in the marketplace from its historical and metamorphic aspects in the present era in conducting free market supervision. The results of this study conclude: 1) Al-hisbah (ombudsman) which was originally established in connection with prayer, maintenance of mosques, public affairs, and market affairs with the function of controlling actions that occur in the market from three aspects: First, all actions and transactions are carried out in Sharia rule limits; second, actions and contacts are carried out with due regard to Islamic moral values ??and ethical principles; and third, ordaining what is good and forbidding what is wrong in the market. With the rise of Western colonialism, hisbah came under the sphere of secular departments in many Muslim societies. 2) In the free market era, economic activities may not pay attention to ethical issues which can cause fellow economic actors to collide with their interests, so that this condition can create forces that can destroy other economic actors. Therefore, Islamic business ethics becomes a frame of reference as a form of morality for economic actors through an ombudsman whose performance is as it was originally formed, especially in the market supervision division. 3) The fact about hisba practiced by the Prophet Muhammad SAW is proof that no one doubts or denies its role in ensuring justice, and is able to prosper society, when this institution loses its religious function, the Muslim community becomes the first victim and suffers from all kinds of crimes, starting from the negligence of their primary obligations to rampant cheating, fraud and corruption. Today hisba is still maintained in the form of delegating some of its functions to government departments and ministries of therapy losing its religious function, making it ineffective. Therefore, it is necessary to have a kind of non-governmental organization that deals specifically with this hisba so that Muslim countries will be elevated again and become a community chosen by the Almighty as the best because they ordain good and prohibit evil.
The Local Economy and Rural Development in Berambai Hamlet, East Kalimantan
Authors: Arman Arman , Saefuddin Asep
Published: December 2020

The role of the local economy gets eroded due to the inclusion of capitalization in rural areas. This research examines the coal mining industry's influence on the local economy's existence in Berambai Hamlet, Bukit Pariaman Village, Tenggarong Seberang Sub-district, Kutai Kartanegara Regency, East Kalimantan Province, Indonesia. This research uses qualitative research methods; meanwhile, data collection methods use field observation and in-depth interviews. Interviews were conducted in stages through a snowball sampling to strengthen the observations' results. The results show that the local economy and livelihood in Berambai Hamlet are under pressure and eroded due to coal mining activities. Livelihood products shrank drastically, especially fish and rice, due to mining waste polluting rivers and agricultural land conversion to mining areas. Furthermore, other sources of income from farmworkers are not enough to fulfill the needs. The government needs to protect their livelihoods as a driving force for the local economy by integrating nature-based life. The government needs to develop local economic potentials, such as tourism areas, crafts, and artworks. The government also needs to strengthen village institutions. It must be carried out together with mining companies seriously. Furthermore, the government needs to maintain the unity of rural spatial and spatial planning.
Komunikacja sponsoringowa oraz ambush marketing podczas Euro 2016
Authors: Kończak Jarosław
Published: December 2020

Artykuł stanowi analizę wybranych form komunikacji firm wokół Euro 2016, koncentrując się głównie na przekazie reklamowym zarówno w Polsce, jak i w wybranych krajach europejskich. Zostały w nim pokazane najczęstsze motywy wykorzystywane podczas kampanii prowadzonych zarówno przez sponsorów, jak i przez marki balansujące na granicy lub przekraczające granice ambush marketingu. Naszkicowano zagadnienie sponsoringu i funkcje oraz jego rosnące znaczenie jako formy promocji. Przedstawiono również główne kategorie graczy rynkowych podczas Euro 2016 i praw, którymi dysponują.
„Allt sem hefur verið til, heldur áfram að vera til“
Authors: Ágústsson Stefán
Published: December 2020

Sú náttúrutrú sem einkennir sjálfsævisögulegt verk Þórbergs Þórðarsonar, Steinarnir tala (1958), hefur verið talin sérstæð og hefur vakið athygli þeirra sem skoðað hafa verk hans. Hún hefur jafnan þótt til marks um þá fornu menningu sem einkenndi heimahaga skáldsins í Suðursveit; menningu sem að sögn Þórbergs sjálfs, var óðum að hverfa vegna vaxandi efnishyggju. Það hefur því virst nærtækt að draga þá ályktun að Þórbergur hafi ætlað verki sínu að koma í veg fyrir að menningin sem hann ólst upp við yrði að eilífu gleymd. En fleira kann að hafa vakað fyrir honum. Svo er að sjá sem Þórbergur hafi greint sameiginlega þætti með menningunni sem hann ólst upp við og hugmyndum dulspekihreyfinga sem hann kynntist sem ungur maður í Reykjavík á öðrum og þriðja áratug síðustu aldar. Í þessari grein er lögð áhersla á ýmsar kenningar Guðspekifélagsins sem var stofnað árið 1875. Óhætt er að fullyrða að þær hafi skipt sköpum í þeirri heimsmynd sem Þórbergur kom sér ungur upp og fylgdi honum allt til æviloka. Blavatsky einn stofnenda félagsins reyndi að sýna fram á að menning og trúarbrögð heimsins ættu sameiginlegan uppruna í fornum vísdómi (e. ancient wisdom) eins og hún kallaði það. Samanburður á þeirri náttúrutrú sem birtist í Steinarnir tala og kenningum guðspekinnar leiðir í ljós að menning sú sem Þórbergur ólst upp við var ekki eins einstök og menn hafa talið. Sú niðurstaða styrkir þá hugmynd sem hefur notið vaxandi fylgis fræðimanna, meðal annars á sviði hugrænna fræða, að náttúrutrú sé ekki einkenni frumstæðra eða fábreyttra samfélaga heldur fremur einkenni á mannlegu eðli.
Amoeba terricola
Authors: Atlason Jón Bjarni
Published: December 2020

Hér birtist þýðing Jóns Bjarna Atlasonar á bókarkaflanum Amoeba terricola eftir Jakob von Uexküll. Benedikt Hjartarson og Bergljót Soffía Kristjánsdóttir skrifa inngang um tilurð þýðingarinnar.
Pre-existing antibodies against polyethylene glycol reduce asparaginase activities on first administration of pegylated E. coli asparaginase in children with acute lymphocytic leukemia
Authors: Khalil Alaeddin , Würthwein Gudrun , Golitsch Jana , Hempel Georg , Fobker Manfred , Gerss Joachim , Möricke Anja , Zimmermann Martin , Smisek Petr , Zucchetti Massimo , Nath Christa , Attarbaschi Andishe , Von Stackelberg Arend , Gökbuget Nicola , Rizzari Carmelo , Conter Valentino , Schrappe Martin , Boos Joachim , Lanvers-Kaminsky Claudia
Published: December 2020

Antibodies against polyethylene glycol (PEG) in healthy subjects raise concerns about the efficacy of pegylated drugs. We evaluated the prevalence of antibodies against PEG among patients with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) prior to and/or immediately after their first dose of pegylated E.coli asparaginase (PEG-ASNase). Serum samples of 701 children, 673 with primary ALL, 28 with relapsed ALL, and 188 adults with primary ALL were analyzed for anti-PEG IgG and IgM. Measurements in 58 healthy infants served as reference to define cut-points for antibody-positive and -negative samples. Anti-PEG antibodies were detected in ALL patients prior the first PEG-ASNase with a prevalence of 13.9% (anti-PEG IgG) and 29.1% (anti-PEG IgM). After administration of PEG-ASNase the prevalence of anti-PEG antibodies decreased to 4.2% for anti-PEG IgG and to 4.5% for anti-PEG IgM. Pre-existing anti-PEG antibodies did not inhibit PEG-ASNase activity but significantly reduced PEGASNase activity levels in a concentration dependent manner. Although pre-existing anti-PEG antibodies did not boost, pre-existing anti-PEG IgG were significantly associated with firstexposure hypersensitivity reactions (CTCAE grade 2) (p<0.01; Fisher’s exact test). Two of 4 patients with pre-existing anti-PEG IgG and first-exposure hypersensitivity reactions were not switched to Erwinia ASNase and continued on PEG-ASNase with sufficient activities (≥100U/L).

Pre-existing anti-PEG antibodies were detected in a considerable proportion of patients with ALL, did not inhibit PEG-ASNase activity but were associated with lower serum PEGASNase activity levels. Patients with pre-existing antibodies may show mild to moderate signs of hypersensitivity reaction after their first PEG-ASNase, which may be successfully addressed by re-challenge.
Socioeconomic impact of migraine in Italy: Results of a national survey
Authors: Nica Mihaela , Colombo Delia , Ravasio Roberto , Rognoni Carla
Published: December 2020

Background: Literature data indicate that migraine has a stronger impact on both healthcare consumption and quality of life (QoL) in women.

Objectives: The objective of this article is to evaluate out-of-pocket (OoP) costs, productivity losses and cost of informal care of migraine in Italy, with a special focus on the detection of potential differences between male and female subjects.

Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted. Data were collected via a web-based survey platform, which included a socioeconomic questionnaire (five sections: clinical history; occupational status; informal assistance; visits, exams and treatments; and loss of productivity) and two questionnaires on QoL (EuroQol 5D 5L and Migraine-Specific Questionnaire, MSQ).

Results: Six hundred and seven participants took part in the survey (average age of 42 years; female 70%). The duration of the attack (4-72 hours) was significantly much longer in women than in men (71% vs. 49%; p < 0.001). Seventy per cent of the sample reported to be employed. Lower income was associated with women (p < 0.001). Men received more informal assistance days than women (5.2 vs. 3.9 days; p = 0.007). The quarterly cost including OoP costs, informal assistance and lost productivity averaged €1,088 and was higher for men compared to women (€1,515 vs. €908; p < 0.001). The MSQ reported a significantly worse QoL for women.

Conclusion: The results seemed to prove that migraine is a gender disease. Moreover, a potentially unequal access to informal assistance and healthcare resources not covered by the Italian National Health Service is highlighted for women because of their lower average income and purchasing power compared to men.
Tillo Medreselerinde Fıkıh Eğitimi-Memdûhiyye Medresesi Örneği
Authors: Sizgen İbrahim , Aslan Nasi
Published: December 2020

Medreseler, tarihi seyir içerisinde eğitim ve öğretim faaliyetlerinin yüksek seviyede yürütüldüğü önemli kurumlar olmuştur. 3 Mart 1924 tarihinde Tevhid-i Tedrisat (Öğretim Birliği) Kanunun kabul edilmesiyle birlikte medreseler, kapatılmalarına rağmen özellikle Güneydoğu Anadolu’da geleneksel medrese sistemi gayr-ı resmî bir şekilde varlığını devam ettirmiş; 07/04/2012 tarihli ve 28257 sayılı resmî gazetede yayımlanan Kur’an Eğitim ve Öğretimine Yönelik Kurslar Yönetmeliği ile Diyanet İşleri Başkanlığı’na bağlanarak “Kur’an kursu” adı altında tedris faaliyetlerini sürdürmüştür.
Türkiye’nin diğer coğrafyalarında olduğu gibi Güneydoğu Anadolu’nun hemen hemen her vilayetinde medreselere rastlamak mümkündür. Ancak medrese eğitiminin sistematik bir şekilde yürütüldüğü yer denince Siirt’in Tillo ilçesindeki medreseler akla gelmektedir. Tillo, bünyesinde barındırdığı medreseleriyle İslâmî değerlerin ön planda olduğu Siirt’in önemli ilçelerinden birisidir. Tillo’da bu manada faaliyet gösteren üç medrese mevcuttur. Bunlar; Memdûhiyye, Mücâhidiyye ve İsmail Fakirullah medreseleridir.
İlçede varlığını idame ettiren bu medreselerin, eğitim ve öğretim sahasında son derece önemli bir boşluğu doldurdukları inkâr edilemez. Özellikle Arapça dil bilimlerinin tedrisindeki başarıları sayesinde son derece takdiri hak eden Tillo medreseleri, sadece Arap gramerine ilişkin eğitim-öğretim faaliyetinde bulunmamış bununla birlikte tefsir, hadis, fıkıh ve akâid gibi dînî ilimlerin canlı kalmasına vesile olarak İslâm ilim kültür mirasına katkıda bulunmuştur. Ebû Hanîfe (ö. 150/767) tarafından kişinin leh ve aleyhine olan sorumlulukları bilmesi olarak tanımlanan fıkıh, İslâm’ın inanç ve ahlak boyutunu da dikkate alarak ibadet ve hukuk düzleminde dinî pratiklerle ilgili şer’î ahkâmı içermesi nedeniyle medeniyetimizin merkezinde yer almıştır. Geleneğimizdeki tesiri nedeniyle bu ilim dalı, söz konusu eğitim ve öğretim müesseselerinde önemli bir yeri haizdir.
Bu makalede Tillo’da yer alan Memdûhiyye Medresesinin -her ne kadar kanunnâmelerle yürütülen birer Nizamiye veya Sahn-ı Semân Medreseleri gibi güçlü bir sistematiğe sahip olmasa da- kısa tarihçesi, kurumsal ve fiziki yapısı, gündelik programı, eğitim-öğretimde izlediği müfredat yanında özellikle eğitim-öğretim müfredatındaki fıkıh derslerinin yeri incelenmiştir. Araştırmamız Tillo’da halen tedris faaliyeti yürüten Memdûhiyye Medresesi ile sınırlı tutulmuştur. Söz konusu medresenin fıkıh programıyla ilgili olarak müderrisleriyle mülakatlar gerçekleştirilmiş olup burada okutulan fıkıh kitapları içerik ve muhteva bakımından tanıtılmıştır.
Potencial fisiológico de sementes de feijão guandu sob embalagens, condições de secagem e armazenamento
Authors: Silva Daniel Pereira da , Santos Samuel Gonçalves Ferreira dos , Almeida Vinícius Gonçalves , Rodovalho Renato Souza , Vale Luís Sérgio Rodrigues
Published: December 2020

Neste trabalho objetivou-se avaliar o potencial fisiológico de sementes de feijão guandu submetidas a diferentes condições de secagem durante o armazenamento em diferentes embalagens. O experimento foi instalado em delineamento inteiramente casualizado, em esquema fatorial de 3x4x5 (três condições de secagem: secagem em estufa, secagem em secador experimental e secagem meia sombra; quatro tipos de embalagem: garrafa Pet, caixa Tetrapak, saco de Nylon e galão Pet de 5 L com vela e cinco períodos de armazenamento: 0, 30, 60, 90 e 120 dias). O potencial fisiológico das sementes foi avaliado pelo teste padrão de germinação, teor de água, condutividade elétrica, emergência e envelhecimento acelerado. O tipo de embalagem influencia o potencial fisiológico de sementes de feijão guandu durante o armazenamento. O acondicionamento de sementes de feijão guandu em garrafa Pet permite maior conservação da germinação e vigor durante os 120 dias de armazenamento. A condição de secagem em meia sombra garante maior potencial fisiológico das sementes de feijão guandu durante os 120 dias de armazenamento.
Genetic resistance to fusariosis and base rot in interspecific F1 progenies of passion fruit (Passiflora spp.)
Authors: Marostega Thalita Neves , Preisigke Sandra da Costa , Chimello Antonio Marcos , Gilio Thiago Alexandre Santana , Araujo Kelly Lana , Barelli Marco Antonio Aparecido , Neves Leonarda Grillo
Published: December 2020

Fusariosis and base rot, caused by the fungi Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. passiflorae and F. solani, respectively, seriously damage the cultivation of sour passion fruit in Brazil. This work aims to obtain and evaluate F1 hybrids of Passiflora spp. wild plants resistant to fusariosis and base rot using genotypes of P. edulis (commercial species) and certify interspecific hybridizations using microsatellite markers. Hybridizations were performed using a P. edulis female parent and P. nitida and P. mucronata male parents for crosses aiming fusariosis resistance, and P. nitida, P. cincinnata and P. quadrangularis for hybridizations aiming tolerance to base rot. 35 microsatellite markers were used to confirm hybridization. The washed roots method was used for fusarium resistance tests and inoculation procedure with a mycelium disk fixed on a small wound on the plant stem for base rot. The interspecific hybridizations provided 49 potentially hybrid genotypes. Confirmation of hybridization by microsatellite marker was verified for 57% of the analyzed genotypes. The hybrids 115-1, 115-3, 115-4, 115-5, 115-6, 115-7, 115-9 and 128 are indicated as promising genotypes for a new stage of the breeding program. In the resistance evaluation of 13 F1 hybrids to F. oxysporum f. sp. passiflorae, the genotypes 142 and 143-2 were selected as the most resistant to continue the breeding program.
Educação permanente em saúde e atenção primária em coexistência desafiadora: uma revisão integrativa
Authors: Alves Livia Alencar , Póvoa Fernanda Cardoso Corrêa , Vallegas Alessandra Branco , Corvino Marcos Paulo Fonseca
Published: December 2020

Introdução: Trata-se de estudo sobre a dificuldade enfrentada nas unidades de atenção primária de implementar a educação permanente como processo político-pedagógico para qualificação do cuidado. As atividades de Educação Permanente devem ser utilizadas como ferramenta para aproximar a prática profissional e a realidade de cada população. Trazemos como objetivos identificar na literatura, de que forma a educação permanente vem sendo incorporada no cotidiano das unidades de atenção primária; e fomentar as discussões a cerca da importância da educação permanente para qualificação do cuidado prestado pela Atenção Primária. Método: Procedeu-se a Revisão Integrativa da literatura, de acordo com a estratégia PICO (participantes, intervenção, contexto, resultados), cuja coleta dos dados foi realizada em junho de 2019, nas bases de dados Literatura Latino Americana e do Caribe em Ciências da Saúde (LILACS), Web of science, SciVerse Scopus, PUBMED e Bases de Dados em Enfermagem (BDENF). Resultados: A partir dos 12 artigos selecionados para análise no estudo, foi possível definir três temáticas relevantes para discussão: “A Educação Permanente no cotidiano da atenção primária”, “A Educação Permanente e a qualificação do cuidado na Atenção Primária” e “Os nós conceituais para implementação da EPS”. Conclusão: O tema educação permanente em saúde, vendo sendo cada vez mais reconhecido como ferramenta fundamental para condução, reorganização e qualificação dos processos de trabalho na atenção primária. No entanto, um viés que podemos citar é a falta de clareza e entendimento quanto aos conceitos que envolvem a EPS e o quanto isso impacta na efetivação da EPS enquanto política de saúde.
Effect of fluoride on the thickness, surface roughness and corrosion resistance of titanium anodic oxide films formed in a phosphate buffer solution at different applied potentials
Authors: Domingues Gláucia , Oliveira Michele  de Almeida , Ferreira Nayne Barros Gonzaga , Gomes Bhetina Cunha , Ferreira Elivelton Alves , Silva Ladário da
Published: December 2020

The anodizing process and anions type present in the electrolyte during anodic oxidation are important parameters to improve oxide biocompatibility. From these parameters, it is possible to control the thickness and surface roughness of the oxide film. This control is of major importance, once blood clots can be avoided when the oxide film on the metal substrate has a small surface roughness (Ra ≤ 50 nm). In this paper, the thickness, surface roughness, and corrosion resistance of the anodized titanium film were studied in a phosphate buffer solution containing fluoride anions (0.6 w.t % NaF), at 20 V, 40 V, 60 V, and 80 V, using atomic force microscopy (AFM), spectroscopic ellipsometry (SE), and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) techniques. It was observed that thickness and roughness tend to increase as the applied potential rises. For oxides grown in the solution without NaF, the growth rate is roughly 1.3 ± 0.2 nm/V. Surface roughness generally presents the same behaviour. Moreover, EIS and SE thickness measurements agree at 20 V and 60 V but disagree at 80 V. This may be associated with a possible dielectric breakdown at 80 V. The oxide film formed at 60 V showed the best corrosion resistance in relation to the other studied potentials. Globular structures were also observed using AFM on surfaces at 40 V, 60 V, and 80 V, which suggests oxide film nucleation. Oxide films formed in solution with NaF presented lower thickness, excellent corrosion resistance, and low surface roughness (Ra ≤ 50 nm).
Características do assédio moral no contexto de trabalho
Authors: Kanan Lilia Aparecida , Pereira Giovana Bedin , Lombardi Péricles
Published: December 2020

O terror psicológico causado pelo assédio moral é uma das violências psicológicas frequentemente utilizadas como meio de controle e de dominação. O estudo objetivou analisar as características do assédio moral no contexto de trabalho em um município brasileiro de médio porte. Trata-se de uma pesquisa aplicada, descritiva e quantitativa, um survey. Participaram 190 trabalhadores. Na coleta de dados utilizou-se questionário desenvolvido e validado no Brasil. Os principais resultados indicam que inexistem condutas de assédio moral no ambiente de trabalho da maioria dos participantes. Quando se buscou estabelecer associação estatística entre as categorias, nenhum resultado foi evidentemente significativo, uma vez que as médias das respostas, em sua maioria, se concentraram nas opções nunca e raramente, o que se estipula como não sofrimento de assédio moral no ambiente de trabalho. Porém, não se pode deixar de referir a pequena, mas significativa quantidade de manifestações que evidenciam discriminação devido à raça, sexo e orientação sexual, discriminações que podem ser expressas de maneira direta, causando sofrimento à vítima e constituindo crime.
The ecology of temperate reefs in a changing world
Authors: Russell BD
Published: December 2020

The world’s temperate coastlines support a rich marine biodiversity and provide billions of dollars of ecosystem services to the global economy annually. Temperate coasts are, however, some of the most densely populated and impacted coastal regions of the world and are increasingly modified by a range of local and global impacts. Understanding the natural functioning of these systems, and the impact of human activities, has been the focus of intense research for more than a century. This focus has led to a community of scientists that gathers at the International Temperate Reefs Symposium (ITRS) to share advances in the field. The papers in this Theme Section (TS) are a selection of the research presented at the 12th ITRS in January 2019. The papers cover the breadth of research at the conference, from algal and animal physiology, to population dynamics and range-shifts, the effects of natural and anthropogenic disturbances on systems, and new insights into efforts to mitigate these impacts. These contributions bring together the rich history of the field and enhance our understanding of how these systems will function into the future.
Research Progress on Flat Epithelium of the Inner Ear
Authors: HE L , GUO J-Y , LIU K , WANG G-P , GONG S-S
Published: December 2020

Sensorineural hearing loss and vertigo, resulting from lesions in the sensory epithelium of the inner ear, have a high incidence worldwide. The sensory epithelium of the inner ear may exhibit extreme degeneration and is transformed to flat epithelium (FE) in humans and mice with profound sensorineural hearing loss and/or vertigo. Various factors, including ototoxic drugs, noise exposure, aging, and genetic defects, can induce FE. Both hair cells and supporting cells are severely damaged in FE, and the normal cytoarchitecture of the sensory epithelium is replaced by a monolayer of very thin, flat cells of irregular contour. The pathophysiologic mechanism of FE is unclear but involves robust cell division. The cellular origin of flat cells in FE is heterogeneous; they may be transformed from supporting cells that have lost some features of supporting cells (dedifferentiation) or may have migrated from the flanking region. The epithelial-mesenchymal transition may play an important role in this process. The treatment of FE is challenging given the severe degeneration and loss of both hair cells and supporting cells. Cochlear implant or vestibular prosthesis implantation, gene therapy, and stem cell therapy show promise for the treatment of FE, although many challenges remain to be overcome.
The Use of Egocentric and Allocentric Reference Frames in Static and Dynamic Conditions in Humans
Authors: MORARESKU S , VLCEK K
Published: December 2020

The dissociation between egocentric and allocentric reference frames is well established. Spatial coding relative to oneself has been associated with a brain network distinct from spatial coding using a cognitive map independently of the actual position. These differences were, however, revealed by a variety of tasks from both static conditions, using a series of images, and dynamic conditions, using movements through space. We aimed to clarify how these paradigms correspond to each other concerning the neural correlates of the use of egocentric and allocentric reference frames. We review here studies of allocentric and egocentric judgments used in static two- and three-dimensional tasks and compare their results with the findings from spatial navigation studies. We argue that neural correlates of allocentric coding in static conditions but using complex three-dimensional scenes and involving spatial memory of participants resemble those in spatial navigation studies, while allocentric representations in two-dimensional tasks are connected with other perceptual and attentional processes. In contrast, the brain networks associated with the egocentric reference frame in static two-dimensional and three-dimensional tasks and spatial navigation tasks are, with some limitations, more similar. Our review demonstrates the heterogeneity of experimental designs focused on spatial reference frames. At the same time, it indicates similarities in brain activation during reference frame use despite this heterogeneity.
Ethnic politics towards Germans during the period of their spontaneous eviction in 1945 in the state politics of memory of the Czech Republic
Authors: Laurynovich Maryna A.
Published: December 2020

The article examines the directions of the state politics of memory in the Czech Republic regarding the problem of recognising and understanding the violence by the Czechs against the German population in 1945 and the subsequent CzechGerman reconciliation, which became an important factor of the peaceful and productive interaction of the Czech Republic and Germany in the united Europe. The adoption of a new perspective of historical memory at the stage of post-socialist transformation was primarily due to the initiatives of Czech historians and activists to study the problem of violence at the final stage of World War II on the Czech lands and the subsequent expulsion of Germans. This approach in turn was reflected in the official position of the presidents of the Czech Republic V. Havel and V. Klaus during the signing of the CzechGerman agreements and declarations, which made it possible to eliminate conflicts of perception of a common traumatic past among the current generations of Czechs and Germans. The memory of the violence against German-speaking citizens of Czechoslovakia is broadcast both through the formation of memory objects (monuments, feature films) and within the framework of local public initiatives. The review of the initiatives to perpetuate the victims of the Brno death march, undertaken in the concluding part of the article, reveals the contradictory nature of reconciliation in relation to the memory of post-war violence in contemporary Czech society.
D-optimal designs of experiments for trigonometric regression on interval with heteroscedastic observations
Authors: Kirlitsa Valery P.
Published: December 2020

In article the problem of construction continuous (number of observations is not fixed) D-optimal designs of experiments for trigonometric regression in a case when variance of errors of observations depend on a point in which is made is investigated. Class of functions which describe change variance of heteroscedastic observations is defined for which it is possible construct continuous D-optimal designs of experiments. For trigonometric regression with three factors it is constructed continuous D-optimal designs of experiments with different types heteroscedastic observations. For each of these types the own class of functions describing change variance of observations is defined.
IMAGES OF THE WEST IN THE RUSSIAN POLITICAL DISCOURSE AND STRATEGY OF RUSSIA
Authors:   National Research Ogarev Mordovia State University, Saransk, Republic of Mordovia, Russian Federation, DOLENKO DMITRY , MAKSHAEVA EVGENIA , MALCHENKOV STANISLAV
Published: December 2020

Objective. The main objective of this study is to analyze the images of the West in Russian political discourse and Russia’s strategy in relations with the West. This problem remains in the focus of attention not only of domestic scientists, but also of foreign researchers, including J.D. Bryan, B. Pudełko, Sh.W. Rivera, A. Segrillo. Conclusions. According to the results of the study, the presence of three main civilizational and geopolitical images of the West in domestic socio-political thought is ascertained. The first of these is the image of a civilizational leader, first formulated in the works of Westernizers of the 19th century. The second approach involves the recognition of the image of a unique, but not universal civilization - it is characteristic of one of the founders of the civilizational approach N.Y. Danilevsky. The image of the West as a civilization hostile to Russia was also formed, the ideological roots of which are the views of the Slavophiles. These images also predetermined various strategies in relation to the West: rapprochement, the formation of one’s own civilization and opposition to the West. In the politics of tsarist Russia, the image of the West as a whole was not formulated. In Soviet doctrine, the West was identified with the system of capitalism and was considered as a class adversary, peaceful coexistence with which was interpreted as a form of class struggle. The modern political doctrine reflects the contradictory image of the West as a partner and rival, the strategy of relations with which includes both cooperation and rivalry. Originality/value: In the work an attempt is made to compare the images of the West in Russian socio-political and official-state discourses.
HISTORICAL ANALYSIS OF THE PROBLEMS OF ISLAM IN THE XXI CENTURY
Authors:   Institute of International Relations and World History of National Research Lobachevsky State University of Nizhni Novgorod, Nizhni Novgorod, Russian Federation, SHKVARUN MAKSIM , ISKENDEROV SEJRAN
Published: December 2020

The subject of the research is the degree of influence of Sunni and Shi’ism on political processes in Arab countries. The object of the research is Islam as the legal basis of the state. The authors examine in detail such aspects of the topic as the historical analysis of the origin of Islam, the reasons for the division of Islam into Sunnis and Shiites, a comparative analysis of the two branches of Islam, the peculiarities of the legal schools of Islam, the interaction of Sunnis and Shiites with state power. Particular attention is paid to the analysis of interpretations (kalams) of the Qur’an and Sunnah. The study is fundamental and is aimed at the historical and political analysis of Islam in the XXI century. The relevance of this topic is confirmed by numerous studies of the described problems. The main conclusions of the study are that one of the key problems in the Arab states is the issue of the origin of power, which remains relevant even in the XXI century. The authors’ special contribution to the study of the topic is the hypothesis that the radicalism of Islam is associated with its short history in comparison with Christianity. Thus, Islam in the XXI century. is still at an active stage of formation, which leads to the emergence of Islamic terrorist organizations. The novelty of this scientific study lies in the consideration of historical processes in the political discourse of the XXI century.
DYNAMICS OF STUDENT PROTEST MOODS IN THE REGIONAL CONTEXT: AT THE EXAMPLE OF PRIMORSKY REGION
Authors:   Admiral Nevelskoy Maritime State University, Vladivostok, Russian Federation, MARIN EGOR , OSMACHKO NADEZHDA
Published: December 2020

The article presents the results of sociological research conducted in 2017 and 2020 years at the Primorsky region. The purpose of the repeated study was to identify the dynamics of student protest moods, taking into account regional specifics. The choice of the object of research is due to the significant importance of young qualified specialists for the development of the far East and Transbaikalia, whose training is carried Out in universities of the far Eastern Federal district (DFO). Primorsky region occupies a leading position in the economy and political system of the Federal district and Vladivostok city being the capital of the region is the capital of the district too. According secondary sources, was found that the number of open protests at this region were significantly fewer compared to 2017, but the protest potential of the population is still high. A comparative analysis of the data of two surveys showed a significant increase in the number of young people, including students, who are dissatisfied by the state’s policy and have negative emotions about it. Over the past three years, the protest potential of the students has grown: the number of young people, who support rallies and demonstrations against state policy, increased, the number of the respondents, who find it difficult to assess their own level of readiness for protest activity, decreased. A group of actors of protest behavior in relation to problems at law enforcement agencies, security and politics has grown. Respondents prefer the following forms of protest activity: thematic concerts, exhibitions, performances, installations, flash mobs; signing of collective protest appeals, petitions; permitted protest actions; peaceful change of government. The complex and ambiguous dynamics of protest moods and protest potential of students in Primorsky region should be taken into account by educational organizations and management bodies of various levels in order to navigate the situation, predict its development, and make informed management decision.