bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Impact of Sub-Anesthetic Dose of Ketamine on Post Spinal Hypotension in Cesarean Delivery
Authors: Salah Dina , Alansary Amin Mohammed
Published: October 2019

Background:

Spinal anesthesia is the commonest technique used in Cesarean Section (CS) and most frequently associated with maternal hypotension, for which a lot of techniques have been described to prevent but an effective method is yet to be found.

Objectives;

The aim was to study the effect of using a sub-anesthetic dose of ketamine to prevent post-spinal hypotension in CS delivery.

Methods:

This double-blinded randomized controlled study was conducted on 80 participating parturients who were ASA І, П term pregnant. All the parturients received spinal anesthesia. The parturients were then randomly divided into two equal groups (n= 40 in each); ketamine group received a sub-anesthetic dose of ketamine of 0.5 mg/kg IV bolus in 3 ml saline and control group received the same volume of normal saline IV bolus. Heart Rate (HR) and Mean Arterial blood Pressure (MAP) were recorded at baseline (5 minutes prior to the intrathecal injection), at 5, 10, 15 and 20 minutes after the injection and then every 15 minutes till the end of the operation. Incidences of hypotension and severe hypotension were recorded. The total dose of ephedrine was recorded. Ramsay sedation score was recorded at baseline then 5, 10, 15, 30, 45 minutes after injection and then at the end of the operation.

Results:

Compared to the control group, sedation score was significantly higher among ketamine group at 5, 10 and 15 minutes. MAP and HR were significantly higher among ketamine group at 5, 10, 15, and 20 minutes. Total ephedrine dose was significantly lower among the ketamine group. Mild hypotension and severe hypotension were significantly less frequent among the ketamine group, as all the patients in the control group had an attack of mild hypotension and 55% of this group had an attack of severe hypotension. No significant difference between both the groups regarding diplopia, nystagmus, hallucination, nausea and vomiting.

Conclusion:

It is concluded that ketamine in a sub-anesthetic dose is an effective agent that can be used in preventing post-spinal hypotension in parturients undergoing CS delivery.
An Internet-Based, Peer-Delivered Messaging Intervention for HIV Testing and Condom Use Among Men Who Have Sex With Men in India (CHALO!): Pilot Randomized Comparative Trial (Preprint)
Authors: Patel Viraj V , Rawat Shruta , Dange Alpana , Lelutiu-Weinberger Corina , Golub Sarit A
Published: October 2019

BACKGROUND

Leveraging internet-based communication tools (eg, messaging apps, SMS text messaging, and email) may be an effective avenue for delivery of HIV prevention messages to men who have sex with men (MSM) in India, but there are limited models for such internet-based interventions.

OBJECTIVE

The CHALO! pilot was an online educational and behavioral intervention aimed to determine the feasibility, acceptability, and preliminary impact of a peer-delivered, internet-based messaging intervention for HIV testing and consistent condom use for MSM in India. The messages addressed barriers to HIV testing and condom use and were theoretically based on the information-motivation-behavioral skills model.

METHODS

Between February and March 2015, we recruited, enrolled, and randomized 244 participants via online advertisements on mobile dating apps and Facebook. Eligible men (18 years or older, sexually active with other men, and self-reported HIV-negative or unknown status) were randomized to receive educational and motivational messages framed as either approach (ie, a desirable outcome to be achieved) or avoidance (an undesirable outcome to be avoided) over 12 weeks via internet-based messaging platforms. Participants completed online surveys at baseline and immediately postintervention.

RESULTS

Participants were similar across arms with respect to sociodemographic and behavioral characteristics. Over 82.0% (200/244) of participants were retained (ie, viewed final messages), and 52.3% (130/244) of them completed the follow-up survey. Of those completing the follow-up survey, 82.3% (107/130) liked or strongly liked participating in CHALO!. The results showed a significant increase in self-reported HIV testing in the past 6 months from baseline to follow-up (41/130, 31.5% to 57/130, 43.8%; P=.04). When including those who reported intentions to test, this percentage increased from 44.6% (58/130) at baseline to 65.4% (85/130) at follow-up (P<.01). When examining intentions to test among those without prior HIV testing, intentions increased from 32% (16/50) of the sample at baseline to 56% (28/50) of the sample at follow-up (P=.02). Condom use during anal sex did not significantly change from baseline to follow-up. HIV testing and condom use did not significantly differ between approach and avoidance conditions at follow-up.

CONCLUSIONS

As one of the first studies of an online HIV prevention intervention for Indian MSM, CHALO! was feasible to implement by a community-based organization, was acceptable to participants, and demonstrated potential to improve HIV testing rates.
An App Developed for Detecting Nurse Burnouts Using the Convolutional Neural Networks in Microsoft Excel: Population-Based Questionnaire Study (Preprint)
Authors: Lee Yi-Lien , Chou Willy , Chien Tsair-Wei , Chou Po-Hsin , Yeh Yu-Tsen , Lee Huan-Fang
Published: October 2019

BACKGROUND

Burnout (BO), a critical syndrome particularly for nurses in health care settings, substantially affects their physical and psychological status, the institute’s well-being, and indirectly, patient outcomes. However, objectively classifying BO levels has not been defined and noticed in the literature.

OBJECTIVE

The aim of this study is to build a model using the convolutional neural network (CNN) to develop an app for automatic detection and classification of nurse BO using the Maslach Burnout Inventory–Human Services Survey (MBI-HSS) to help assess nurse BO at an earlier stage.

METHODS

We recruited 1002 nurses working in a medical center in Taiwan to complete the Chinese version of the 20-item MBI-HSS in August 2016. The k-mean and CNN were used as unsupervised and supervised learnings for dividing nurses into two classes (n=531 and n=471 of suspicious BO+ and BO−, respectively) and building a BO predictive model to estimate 38 parameters. Data were separated into training and testing sets in a proportion 70%:30%, and the former was used to predict the latter. We calculated the sensitivity, specificity, and receiver operating characteristic curve (area under the curve) across studies for comparison. An app predicting respondent BO was developed involving the model’s 38 estimated parameters for a website assessment.

RESULTS

We observed that (1) the 20-item model yields a higher accuracy rate (0.95) with an area under the curve of 0.97 (95% CI 0.94-0.95) based on the 1002 cases, (2) the scheme named matching personal response to adapt for the correct classification in model drives the prior model’s predictive accuracy at 100%, (3) the 700-case training set with 0.96 accuracy predicts the 302-case testing set reaching an accuracy of 0.91, and (4) an available MBI-HSS app for nurses predicting BO was successfully developed and demonstrated in this study.

CONCLUSIONS

The 20-item model with the 38 parameters estimated by using CNN for improving the accuracy of nurse BO has been particularly demonstrated in Excel (Microsoft Corp). An app developed for helping nurses to self-assess job BO at an early stage is required for application in the future.
Parasitoid Diversity and Host-Parasitoid Interaction in Oil Palm Plantations with Different Management System
Authors: Tawakkal Muhammad Iqbal , Buchori Damayanti , Rizali Akhmad , Sari Adha , Pudjianto Pudjianto
Published: October 2019

Parasitoids play an important role in controlling pests, including pests of oil palm. To maximize biological control technique using parasitoids, interactions between pests and parasitoids need to be studied. This research aimed to study parasitoid diversity and host-parasitoid interaction in oil palm plantation with the different management system. The field research was conducted in oil palm plantation own by smallholder and company (PT Humusindo) in Jambi. Sampling insects was conducted by collecting pests (parasitoid host) on oil palm trees with age of four years old. Eggs, larvae, and pupae of the pests were taken directly by hand then reared in the laboratory to know their parasitoids. Pests and parasitoids emerged were identified up to morphospecies or species level. A total of 176 lepidopteran pests consisting of 15 morphospecies and 6 families, and 650 parasitoids consisting of 21 morphospecies and 12 families have been collected. Nine morphospecies of pests from 25 individuals were found in smallholder plantation and 14 morphospecies of pests from 151 individuals in company plantation. Eight morphospecies of 26 parasitoids were found in smallholder plantations and 8 morphospecies of 624 parasitoids in the company plantation. The interaction structure between pests and parasitoids is more complex in the company plantation than in smallholder plantations. Family Braconidae and Ichneumonidae are the most parasitoids found and associated with nettle caterpillars. The different of the management system of oil palm plantation did not affect the diversity and abundance of pests as well as their parasitoids in oil palm plantations.
Analysis of Volatile Compound at Different Age of Corn Crops Used as Bemisia tabaci Repellent
Authors: Tyasningsiwi Retno Wikan , Witjaksono Witjaksono , Indarti Siwi
Published: October 2019

Bemisia tabaci is one of the red chili pests that plays a role as a Begomovirus vector. This vector can be controlled through Integrated Pest Management (IPM) practices. One of the potential practices is by utilizing corn as a barrier crop to prevent the vector from attacking the main crop. The aim of this research was to examine the repellence activity of the volatile compound obtained from various ages of corn crop against B. tabaci. The volatile compound was collected from the corns at 4 week after planting (WAP), 6 WAP, 8 WAP, 10 WAP, and 12 WAP. Volatile compound capture device was designed with two solvents, i.e. hexane and ethanol, then the volatile compound analyzed by Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS). B. tabaci repellency against volatile compound was examined using Y-tube olfactometer. Each treatment was employed with 5 replications. Data were analyzed using ANOVA with 95% and further analyzed by Least Significant Different (LSD). The parameter observed was the total of B. tabaci avoided the volatile compound tested until half of the control olfactometer arm. The results showed that all ages of the corn produced repellent compound and the most optimal were corn aged 12 WAP with repellency rate of 83.72%. GC-MS analysis identified the volatile compound were citronella, limonene, β-phellandrene, β-caryophyllene, 1.8 cineole, farnesol, caryophyllene, and patchouli alcohol.
Occurrence of Heavy Infestation by the Fall Armyworm Spodoptera frugiperda, a New Alien Invasive Pest, in Corn Lampung Indonesia
Authors: Trisyono Y. Andi , Suputa Suputa , Aryuwandari Valentina Erline Febry , Hartaman Maman , Jumari Jumari
Published: October 2019

The fall armyworm Spodoptera frugiperda has spread and damaged corn in many African and a few Asian Countries recently. A recent outbreak (2019) of Spodoptera species in corn producing areas in the Island of Sumatra was suspected to be a new invasive species. Field observations were made on May 16, 2019 in the District of East and Central Lampung to identify the attacking Spodoptera species, and to observe and determine the damages. Based on the morphological characteristics, the “Y” inverted shape on the head capsule and the patterns of black spots on the abdominal segments (square and trapezoidal forms), the species was confirmed as S. frugiperda. The larvae heavily damaged the early stage of corn (approximately 2-week old) with 100% plants infested and each plant was occupied by a medium or large larva; while older corn received less damage. Larvae fed on the leaves causing defoliation before feeding on the growing point. Different damage symptoms due to S. frugiperda were compared to those of the Asian corn borer, Ostrinia furnacalis, and further discussion was made to determine the potential consequences of this new threat to the corn production in Indonesia.
Enlightenment and Reflection on the Integration of the Red Boat Spirit into the Teaching of The Outline of Modern Chinese History
Authors: Chenxi Qiu
Published: October 2019

The Red Boat spirit is the source of the Chinese revolutionary spirit and the source of the advancement of the Chinese Communist Party. Its connotation reflects the CCP’s spirit of party building, the cultural label that indicates the initial heart and mission of CCP, and represents the core value requirement of our party. The spirit of the Red Boat has a deep connection with the teaching content of The Outline of Chinese Modern History. Teachers should enrich the teaching forms and encourage students to be thoughtful. In this way, college students can truly feel the role of the Red Boat spirit in promoting the development of modern Chinese history and understand the relationship between the Red Boat spirit and their own growth, which is of positive significance for the cultivation of contemporary college students’ historical views, the shaping of political views and the promotion of Red Boat spirit in the new era.
QUALITY OF INSTITUTION AND ECONOMIC GROWTH OF THE COUNTRIES OF THE EUROPEAN UNION AND THE WESTERN BALKANS
Authors: Kostić Vladimir , Ljajić Samir , Cvetanović Slobodan , Nedić Vladimir
Published: October 2019

The paper analyzes the intensity of the influence of the quality of institutions according to the data from the World Bank's specialized Worldwide Governance Indicators database on the growth of gross domestic product per capita of 33 countries of Europe through linear and exponential regression analysis for the period from 1996 to 2016. The observed European countries are divided into three groups: 15 European Union member states in 1995; 13 EU member states from 2004, 2007 and 2013, as well as five countries of the Western Balkans that negotiate or have the status of a candidate for EU membership, in the period from 1996 to 2016. The results of the research have shown that the quality of the institutions had a very positive impact on the economic growth of the observed countries of Europe. According to statistics, positive interdependence is the most significant among the Western Balkan countries. The conclusion is that these countries have to pay special attention to the development of institutions in the process of joining the European Union.
On the Weapon School of the Legendary Designer M. T. Kalashnikov
Authors: Pisarev S. A. , Chirkov D. V.
Published: October 2019

Инженерная культура ижевских оружейников формировалась в течение многих десятилетий и достигла высочайшего уровня. Интеллектуальная мощь Ижевской оружейной школы формировалась поэтапно и базировалась на системе производственных ценностей ижевских оружейников, сформированных за два предыдущих столетия. При этом ижевские оружейники использовали положительный конструкторский опыт и научные знания оружейников и специалистов других городов, развивали его и приумножали систему оружейных ценностей страны.Решение государства разместить расширенное производство автоматов Калашникова в городе Ижевске дало мощный созидательный импульс для развития конструкторских и технологических подразделений ижевских оружейных заводов. Благодаря этому государственному решению был создан, в частности, Ижевский механический институт.В результате стабильно функционировала и целенаправленно развивалась в соответствии с оружейной стратегией государства полноценная система создания стрелкового оружия страны. В рамках этой системы обеспечивалась подготовка высокопрофессиональных специалистов-оружейников.
Experimental Research of Dynamic Reactions in Planetary Gears with the Roller Mechanism for Torque Absorption
Authors: Pushkarev I. A. , Perminov L. P. , Kuznetsov I. V. , Pushkarev A. E.
Published: October 2019

Приведены результаты экспериментального исследования планетарных передач типа k-h-v с цилиндриче­скими роликами механизма передачи момента с сателлита.Динамические реакции в данной передаче определяются тремя факторами: наличием эксцентриситета водила, движением роликов в передаче и колебательными процессами. Эксцентриситет вызывает появление центробежного момента инерции относительно оси вращения водила. Нахождение центробежных моментов инерции в связи с постоянным движением роликов затруднено. Движение роликов должно проявиться в возрастании динамических реакций через определенный период, связанный с передаточным отношением от водила к сателлитам, что требуется подтвердить экспериментально.Описан экспериментальный комплекс, связанный с персональным компьютером. Экспериментальный стенд предоставляет возможность варьировать угловой скоростью вала электродвигателя, фиксировать и обрабатывать показания тензодатчиков, используя соответствующее программное обеспечение.Исследовано влияние роликов планетарной передачи на изменение динамических реакций при разных частотах двигателя. Сделаны выводы о рациональном изменении конструкции роликозубчатой передачи с целью снижения динамических реакций в планетарном механизме с роликовым механизмом передачи момента.Выполнение рекомендаций дает возможность использовать планетарную роликозубчатую передачу также и на высоких скоростях вращения.
SOLVING THE KINEMATICS OF AN AERIAL HUMAN-LIKE MANIPULATOR USING THE DIFFERENTIAL EVOLUTION ALGORITHM
Authors: Ibrahim I. N. , Al Akkad M. A.
Published: October 2019

Рассмотрено кинематическое решение в реальном времени для манипулятора, прикрепленного к беспилотному летательному аппарату; движение самого транспортного средства в данном исследовании не анализируется. Представленное кинематическое решение для манипулятора основано на модели Денавита – Хартенберга.Основной целью исследования является получение глобального решения в реальном времени для конфигурации проектирования с взвешенной целевой функцией с наложением некоторых ограничений. Применение уравнений прямой кинематики манипулятора, полученных в результате исследования, позволяет превратить задачу планирования траектории в задачу оптимизации.Хорошо известны несколько типов вычислительных методов для решения ограниченных сложных нелинейных функций. При этом предлагается дифференциальный алгоритм эволюции, который является комбинацией математического метода поиска и алгоритма эволюции. С его помощью представляется возможным решение обратной кинематической задачи с учетом мобильности платформы. Кроме того, данный метод предотвращает появление сингулярных точек, поскольку он не требует инверсии матрицы Якоби.Результаты экспериментального моделирования для планирования траектории манипулятора с шестью степенями свободы подтвердили целесообразность и эффективность предлагаемого метода.
ADICCIÓN ALIMENTARIA: ¿OTRO DETERMINANTE ASOCIADO A LA ADHESIÓN DEL TRATAMIENTO NUTRICIONAL?
Authors: Bentancour Lucía , Calvo Soledad , Sosa Gustavo
Published: October 2019

Los Programas de Prevención Secundaria Cardiovascular se han desarrollado para mejorar el proceso de atención de pacientes con cardiopatía isquémica y/o con alto riesgo cardiovascular. Sin embargo, la adherencia terapéutica en algunos aspectos es limitada, por lo que conocer la prevalencia de adicción alimentaria en esta población podría ser de utilidad para redireccionar la intervención nutricional. El objetivo de este trabajo es estudiar la prevalencia de adicción alimentaria de los pacientes que asisten al Programa de Prevención Secundaria Cardiovascular del Fondo nacional de Recursos en el período octubre a diciembre 2016 en el departamento de Montevideo. Se trata de un estudio  descriptivo, observacional y de corte transversal. Se estudiaron 153 pacientes a los que se les aplicó el cuestionario estructurado YFAS de Gearhardt y valoración del estado nutricional a través del IMC extraído del Sistema Informático María del FNR. El 63% de la población fue del sexo masculino, 8 de cada 10 de los encuestados fueron adultos mayores (≥60 años), y predominó la malnutrición por exceso en el 70% de los encuestados, encontrándose obesidad en 4 de cada 10.  La prevalencia de adicción alimentaria en el total de los encuestados fue del 5,9% (IC95%=2,7-10,9), siendo más prevalente en el rango etáreo de menores de 60 años. Dentro de la categoría de obesidad la prevalencia de adicción alimentaria fue 13,8% seguida por el sobrepeso. Se observó en un 10% de la población la presencia de 3 o más síntomas para adicción alimentaria sin tener aún la significación clínica que determine la presencia de la patología, predominando esto en la población del sexo masculino y en los menores de 60 años. Esta presencia dentro de la categoría de obesidad se puede ver en un 10%. Se concluye que  casi el 6% de la población presentó adicción alimentaria y que un 10% tuvieron 3 o más síntomas propios de la patología. Incluir el test en la consulta de los pacientes pertenecientes al PPSCV permitiría derivar al equipo de psicología de la institución los pacientes que así lo requieran.
On perfecting the employment of GSK-2011 reference frame in the Far East territory
Authors: Bovshin N.A.
Published: October 2019

ITRFs and ITRF like reference frames have a drawback that limits or makes its wide use difficult while surveying in the Russian Federation. These are significant velocities of changing geodetic stations’ coordinates throughout the entire territory. It leads to necessity of reducing reference geodetic stations and survey points positions from reference epoch to observation ones and vice versa. To avoid this necessity for the most of surveys in the Russian Federation territory, a transformation model [1] of relative behaviour of GSK-2011 and ITRF-2014 reference frames was created. Unfortunately, the model does not work properly in the Far East. That is why in this paper a new, regional transformation model that represent relative behaviour of GSK-2011 and ITRF-2014 reference frames in the territory was described. As it was shown in the paper, the result is equivalent to setting a new, auxiliary version of GSK-2011 reference frame in the Far East territory – GSK-2011-FE, that has no drawbacks of ITRF-like systems. Both frames coincide with each other at the reference epoch t0 and relate by a transformation of angular motion at an epoch t.
Remote Sensing as a Tool for Archaeological Exploration and Mapping of Archaeological Sites (on the Example of Altai Model Sites)
Authors: Krupochkin E.P. , Sukhanov S.I. , Vorobiev D.A.
Published: October 2019

The article is devoted to the problem of using remote sensing data for studying and mapping archaeological sites in interdisciplinary research. The purpose of the experiments is to develop a methodology for searching and mapping archeological monuments based on the interpretation of aerospace images. The problem to be solved is formalized search and the procedure of selecting objects. The complex of tasks for ridentifying objects from images cannot be realated only to the field of decryption, it also deals with the field of information processing signals (computer vision), and this is where the great potential for continuing experiments is seen. In the process of implementing the tasks, the Detection Artefacts software package was developed, which is based on noise reduction, filtering, morphological analysis, binarization, etc. Its notable feature is the freedom of choice settings, the ability of setting parameters
The outstanding Soviet surveyor, Konstantin Leontyevich Provorov (to the 110 anniversary from the birthday)
Authors: Nikonov A.V.
Published: October 2019

The author describes the life of Konstantin Leontyevich Provorov (1909–1992), an outstanding Soviet scientist, teacher and production worker, who made a significant contribution to the geodetic works carried out in Siberia and training highly qualified personnel for the industry. Being the chief engineer of Novosibirsk aerial survey enterprise, the largest one in the country (1944–1953), K. L. Provorov carried out technical management of constructing the astronomic-and-geodetic network, laying out vast leveling networks, and after the thesis protection concerning to constructing continuous networks of triangulation, started working in NIIGAiK which he soon headed. The years of his management the institution (1956–1970) were a period of its active development
Las notas de estados financieros en las normas internacionales de información financiera en el caso colombiano
Authors: Barbosa Martínez Diego José , Chagualo Galindo Marla Gineth , Piñeros Ventero Yessica Liceth
Published: October 2019

La actual implementación de las Normas Internacionales de Información Financiera “NIIF” en el ámbito colombiano demanda de los contadores públicos, administradores de empresas y gerentes deben estar al tanto de los cambios que trae a los procesos contables. En el presente artículo se hace una revisión literaria científica y documental para dar luces sobre las similitudes y divergencias existentes entre la norma colombiana de contaduría y las internacionales en el tema de revelaciones y notas a estados financieros. Un tema que ha sido aparentemente afectado por esta adopción son las notas a los estados financieros. La metodología se basa en una revisión literaria realizada en bases de datos indexadas y en las normatividades (nacional e internacional). El tema es abordado inicialmente desde la norma nacional, luego se identifica su aplicación desde los lineamientos de las NIIF, para finalmente realizar las comparaciones del caso. Se encontró que las revelaciones se encuentran directamente relacionadas con la presentación y cumplimiento con las NIIF, caso similar a lo contenido en el Decreto 2649 de 1993; además, ambas normas muestran que en las notas deben revelar los datos identificadores de la entidad, aunque la norma nacional no es explícita en la presunción de que aplicando la normatividad se obtiene una presentación razonable.
La realidad comunicacional, liderazgo y clima laboral de la pequeña empresa industrial textil en el Estado de Hidalgo
Authors: Martínez Muñoz Enrique , Hernández Gracia Tirso Javier , Torres-Flórez Dagoberto , García Velázquez Ma. del Rosario , Montaño Arango Oscar
Published: October 2019

Toda organización moderna constituye ante todo una composición social de seres humanos, en donde es preciso que exista una estructura, una jerarquía necesaria para que se logren los fines que la organización se propone. Por tratarse de seres humanos, el factor esencial de la conducta es facilitar nuevas formas de comunicación y liderazgo que inciden en el clima organizacional.  El poder conocer y descubrir como incide la comunicación organizacional y liderazgo en el clima laboral de la pequeña empresa industrial textil es sin duda alguna de gran relevancia ya que nos permitirá conocer la realidad laboral de este importante sector laboral, cabe mencionar que la pequeña empresa industrial no ha sido estudiada de forma sistemática ni teórica ni empíricamente a nivel comunicativo, pese a los avances que en esta materia sostienen tanto medianas como grandes corporaciones y multinacionales.

En las organizaciones se han desarrollado diversos estudios y de manera muy especial por aquellos que pretende entender el interior de la pequeña empresa industrial, dentro de estos factores se encuentra la comunicación y el clima organizacional. En México se ha escrito muy poco sobre medir el clima organizacional de las pequeñas y medianas empresas, todos los esfuerzos están encaminados a las grandes empresas, la presente investigación analiza el   clima organizacional de las PyMEs de la industria textil en el estado de Hidalgo, en las relaciones grupales, de los miembros de estas organizaciones, que condicionan la forma en que perciben su ambiente laboral.
Integración de herramientas tecnológicas y didácticas en el desarrollo de competencias enfocadas a la solución de problemas y a la toma de decisiones
Authors: Sánchez Marquez Juan Antonio , Sellares Alegre Nuria , Hernández Muñoz Nohemí Aracely , Villaseñor Mónica Mondelo
Published: October 2019

Este proyecto plantea la integración de herramientas tecnológicas y didácticas en la enseñanza de las ciencias experimentales y exactas bajo el enfoque y principios del modelo Sustitución-Aumento-Modificación-Redefinición (Modelo SAMR). Es importante destacar que el modelo SAMR plantea un proceso que permite mejorar la calidad de la enseñanza y el aprendizaje tomando de base la integración de herramientas tecnológicas y estrategias didácticas. La integración de este modelo hace evidente que las TICs pueden transformar los ambientes de aprendizaje tradicionales en cuatro niveles progresivos de impacto(Sustitución, Aumento, Modificación y Redefinición, de ahí el nombre de modelo SAMR). Sin embargo, es importante tener presente que no todas las herramientas tecnológicas lograrán los cuatro niveles de manera inercial. En este sentido, el docente debe seleccionar e integrar las herramientas tomando en cuenta el potencial de impacto que a su juicio éstas pueden alcanzar. En este proyecto se priorizó el uso de simuladores como elementos sustitutos de metodologías preexistentes para el aprendizaje de temas esenciales en el área de las ciencias exactas y experimentales. Estos simuladores lograron diferentes niveles de impacto al integrarse con herramientas didácticas específicas. Bajo este enfoque las herramientas tecnológicas se aplicaron de tal modo que pudieron ser concebidas como una sustitución, aumento, modificación o redefinición de otras herramientas tradicionales, pero con mejoras funcionales. La incorporación de este modelo, al final del día, permitió impulsar a los estudiantes a entrar en una dinámica de explorar, describir, explicar, evaluar y/o transformar, desarrollando en ellos un pensamiento crítico, analítico y divergente.
Edu-entretenimiento y mercadotecnia de experiencia con niños como estrategia para la divulgación de ciencia y tecnología
Authors: Vega Alejandra , Duana Avila Danae
Published: October 2019

El mercado laboral actual, demanda a profesionales en un futuro con mayores herramientas de las ciencias duras,  nuevas tecnologías, redes sociales, idiomas y con capacidad de coordinar y gestionar, por lo que es importante poner un nuevo contexto social a las generaciones que van incorporandose al ámbito escolar y que no vean “lo de siempre”, sino nuevas formas de vivir a partir de espacios que muestren Ciencia y Tecnología, de manera divertida que los lleven a imaginarse dentro del entorno de una carrera universitaria.

Las tendencias generales muestran que el aprendizaje a partir de la experiencia  mediante la  integración de juegos, como el de ser profesionistas, utilizando técnicas  lúdicas, las competencias y conocimientos cambian el contexto en el que se desenvuelve el individuo (niño) y con ello, podría cambiar las aspiraciones, ya que mediante la utilización del Edu- entretenimiento, y  la mercadotecnia de experiencia es posible generar cambios de comportamiento aspiracional o apropiación social y realizar una mejor elección de carrera que les permita desarrollarse en este mundo por demás cambiante.

La presente propuesta pretende integrar la estrategia de comunicación para el cambio social denominada Edu- entretenimiento y la mercadotecnia de experiencia con la finalidad de contribuir en los principales aspectos de la divulgación de la ciencia y tecnología a partir del conocimiento de las profesiones ofertadas dentro de las universidades y con ello poder dar orientación a niños desde temprana edad en la elección de una carrera profesional.
Reforma tributaria y el impacto sobre la renta de las personas jurídicas en Colombia
Authors: Almeida Espinosa Alexander , Rojas Prada Gregorio
Published: October 2019

Debido a la reforma tributaria llevada a cabo mediante la ley 1819 del año 2016, en Colombina hoy en día se tiene una expectativa mayor de cambio y adaptaciones económicas, que favorezcan el desarrollo del país; sin embargo, esta reforma ha significado para la mayoría de población Colombiana la grabación con más IVA de los productos de consumo primario y de servicios, lo que dificulta su adquisición y por ende consumo primordial.

Frente a los objetivos de esta reforma tributaria, encontramos el pretender recaudar más impuestos a personas naturales y jurídicas, que anteriormente estaban excretas; a su vez, se aprecia como la evasión de impuestos es un pilar fundamental de combatir por parte de la misma y la sostenibilidad financiera y del gasto público, para el crecimiento del país y la responsabilidad social sumada a inversión social, como garantes de calidad.

Ahora bien, en este artículo de investigación se pretende identificar el impacto que trae la reforma tributaria en el impuesto de renta para las personas jurídicas, exponiendo las razones del cambio de la reforma, su alcance, contextos y factores que pueden favorecer o no a este tipo de actores del sistema tributario del país.
Seguridad y soberanía alimentaria en el departamento del Meta-Colombia: retos y oportunidades
Authors: Pacheco Pérez Camilo Ernesto , González Jiménez Guillermo Enrique , Mancera Ortiz Andres Mauricio , Castro Riveros Antonio Jose
Published: October 2019

El trabajo en el campo evidentemente ha sido el pilar sobre el cual se ha fundamentado la economía departamental, y el desarrollo socio cultural de la región. En torno al sector agropecuario y el potencial productivo de cada zona, es que se han establecido asentamientos humanos en los diferentes municipios, se han trazado vías y se ha generado desarrollo que ha determinado en gran medida, los medios de subsistencia para las familias metenses. La cultura y el desarrollo de las comunidades históricamente ha estado ligada a la productividad de la tierra, a los servicios ecosistémicos y al potencial que ella representa en términos de biodiversidad. Por otro lado, la generación de recursos y de riqueza para la región evidentemente encontró y seguirá encontrando en el sector agropecuario, su musculo más fuerte, pues a través de la agricultura y la ganadería es que se han forjado grandes industrias que en la actualidad vienen trabajando en el territorio. La economía del departamento gira en torno al agro, encuentra que lo económico no solo incide en temas de generación de ingresos y egresos, o de importaciones o exportaciones, sino que está íntimamente ligado a dinámicas sociales como la agricultura familiar, la economía campesina y la seguridad y soberanía alimentaria, entre otros, esta última presente en los planes de ordenamiento territorial y en la agenda de grandes agencias de cooperación que hacen presencia en la región.
Clinical-epidemiological peculiarities of acute respiratory infections in children from 3 to 12 years and evaluation of effectiveness of antivirus therapy
Authors: Khmilevskaya S. A. , Zryachkin N. I. , Mikhailova V. E.
Published: October 2019

The aim: to study the etiological structure of acute respiratory infections in children aged 3 to 12 hospitalized in the early stages of the disease in the department of respiratory infections of the children’s hospital, and to reveal the features of their clinical course and the timing of DNA / RNA elimination of respiratory viruses from nasal secretions, depending on the method of therapy. Materials and methods: 100 children with acute respiratory infections aged 3 to 12 years were monitored. The nasal secrets on the DNA / RNA of respiratory viruses were studied by PCR. Depending on the method of therapy, patients were divided into 2 groups: patients of group 1 (comparison) received basic treatment (without the use of antiviral drugs), in patients of the 2nd group (main), along with basal therapy, the drug was used umifenovir in a 5-day course at the ageappropriate dosage. Results: In the etiologic structure of ARVI in children from 3 to 12 years, the leading place was taken by rhinovirus, influenza and metapneumovirus infections (isolated – 18%, 19% and 20% respectively, in the form of a mixed infection – 11%). The main syndromic diagnosis at the height of the disease was rhinopharyngitis. Complications were observed in 42% of cases, as often as possible with flu – 53% of cases. Features of metapneumovirus infection in children of this age group were: predominance of non-severe forms of the disease in the form of acute fever with symptoms of rhinopharyngitis, as well as a small incidence of lower respiratory tract infections. The use of the drug umiphenovir in children with acute respiratory viral infections of various etiologies contributed to significantly faster elimination of viral DNA / RNA from the nasal secretion, which was accompanied by a ecrease in the duration of the main clinical and hematological symptoms of the disease, a decrease in the incidence of complications, and reduced the duration of stay in hospital. Conclusion: application of modern molecular genetic methods of diagnostics made it possible to identify the leading role of influenza, metapneumovirus and rhinovirus infections in the etiology of acute respiratory viral infection in patients aged 3 to 12 years, and to determine a number of clinical features characteristic of this age group. The results of the study testify to the effectiveness of umiphenovir in the treatment of children with acute respiratory viral infections of various etiologies and allow us to recommend this drug as an effective and safe etiotropic agent.
Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy in HIV-infected patients: clinical features and diagnosis (literature review)
Authors: Samotolkina E. A. , Pokrovskaya A. V. , Matosova S. V. , Domonova E. A.
Published: October 2019

Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML) is one of the most severe opportunistic diseases of the central nervous system, which leads to multiple demyelination of brain structures, neurological symptoms and frequent death or disability of the patient. The etiological factor of this disease is Human polyomavirus 2 (JCPyV).This pathogen is widespread – antibodies are found in 80% of the world›s population. However, the clinical symptoms of this infection appear only in people with a pronounced decline in cellular immunity. Until 1980 progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy was extremely rarely diagnosed. Now days the main cause of the clinical symptoms of PML is immunodeficiency caused by HIV infection. Clinical manifestations of PML are characterized by various non-specific neurological symptoms, similar to other lesions of the central nervous system, the symptoms progress slowly over several months, and usually lead to death. Diagnosis of PML is based on laboratory and instrumental methods, such as DNA JCPyV detection in the cerebrospinal fluid, brain biopsy, and radiation diagnostic methods. There is no effective prevention and etiotropic therapy for PML. Improved parameters of cellular immunity and antiretroviral treatment in HIV positive patients significantly increase the life expectancy of patients with PML. Despite the ability of drugs to prevent the progression of the disease, pathological changes in the brain are irreversible and lead to persistent disability of patients, therefore, it is necessary to diagnose PML in the early stages of the disease.
Enhanced artificial bee colony with novel search strategy and dynamic parameter
Authors: Du Zhenxin , Chen Keyin
Published: October 2019

There is only one guiding solution in the search equation of Gaussian bare-bones artificial bee colony algorithm (ABC-BB), which is easy to result in the problem of premature convergence and trapping into the local minimum. In order to enhance the capability of escaping from local minimum without loss of the exploitation ability of ABC-BB, a new triangle search strategy is proposed. The candidate solution is generated among the triangle area formed by current solution, global best solution and any randomly selected elite solution to avoid the premature convergence problem. Moreover, the probability of crossover is controlled dynamically according to the successful search experience, which can enable ABC-BB to adapt all kinds of optimization problems with different landscapes. The experimental results on a set of 23 benchmark functions and two classic real-world engineering optimization problems show that the proposed algorithm is significantly better than ABC-BB as well as several recently-developed state-of-the-art evolution algorithms.
The influence of polarization on properties of the potential barrier at metal-ferroelectric interface
Authors: Kamenshchikov Mikhail , Solnyshkin Alexander , Pronin Igor , Belov Alexey
Published: October 2019

The barrier properties of a capacitor heterostructure based on a
ferroelectric lead zirconate-titanate were investigated by using the methods
of current-voltage and voltage-capacitance characteristics. The variable
values of the potential barrier on the PZT-Pt interface were determined by
the C-V method (from 0.5 to 1.6 eV) and the I-V method (from 0.5 to 0.7 eV).
The spontaneous polarization influence on the potential barrier at the
PZT-Pt interface was estimated.
Bone and cartilage metaplasia in calcific aortic stenosis
Authors: Zoric Jelena , Vukovic Milos , Lovrenski Aleksandra , Samardzija Golub , Andrejic-Visnjic Bojana , Panjkovic Milana
Published: October 2019

Background/Aim. Calcification is a frequent change in aortic cusps and the most frequent cause for the occurrence of aortic valve stenosis. Recent studies have shown that the process of aortic calcification is often active and closely related to the formation of bone tissue in calcific aortic stenosis. The aim was to analyze the demographic characteristics of patients with calcific aortic stenosis, the most common symptoms, comorbidities and risk factors, incidence of bone and cartilage metaplasia and its possible association with the present comorbidities, as well as its clinical importance. Methods. We retrospectively analyzed the medical records of 115 patients referred to the University Hospital from January 2013 to December 2015. Results. Calcific aortic stenosis occurred more frequently in males. The average age of patients was 67.3 years. The majority of patients were non-smokers, overweight. The most common clinical symptoms were fatigue, shortness of breath and chest pain. Eighteen (15.6%) patients had no symptoms. Seventeen (14.8%) patients had cartilaginous and osseous metaplasia. Gender, age, smoking and body mass index (BMI) had the same distribution among patients with and without metaplasia. Metaplasia was equally prevalent among patients with moderate, severe and critical aortic stenosis. Conclusion. Age, sex, smoking, BMI and blood pressure values are not risk factors neither for osseous nor for cartilaginous metaplasia.
REKONSTRUKSI NILAI-NILAI PENDIDIKAN KARAKTER PADA PENINGGALAN PURBAKALA DI DESA PAKRAMAN SELULUNG, KINTAMANI, BANGLI SEBAGAI SUMBER BELAJAR IPS DI SMP
Authors: Pardi I Wayan , Sendratari Luh Putu , Margi I Ketut
Published: October 2019

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk: (1) Mengidentifikasi jenis peninggalan purbakala yang ada di Desa Pakraman Selulung, Kintamani, Bangli, (2) Mengidentifikasi nilai-nilai pendidikan karakter yang terkandung di dalam peninggalan purbakala di Desa Pakraman Selulung, (3) Menganalisis nilai-nilai pendidikan karakter pada peninggalan purbakala yang bisa dimanfaatkan sebagai sumber belajar IPS di SMP, dan (4) Menganalisis cara pengintegrasian nilai-nilai pendidikan karakter yang terdapat dalam peninggalan purbakala dalam perangkat pembelajaran IPS di SMP. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode kualitatif dengan langkah-langkah, yakni penentuan lokasi penelitian, metode penentuan informan, metode pengumpulan data, istrumen penelitian, metode pengujian keabsahan data, dan metode analisis data. Hasil temuan: (1) Jenis peninggalan purbakala di Desa Pakraman Selulung adalah Punden Berundak, Arca Megalitik, Menhir, Hiasan Tanduk Kerbau, Batu Alam, Lempengan Batu, kerang, Arca bercorak Tiongkok, Arca Hindu, Arca Perunggu, Lingga Yoni, Gamelan Kuno, dan batu berbentuk roda. (2) Nilai-nilai pendidikan karakter dalam peninggalan purbakala adalah karakter religius, jujur, toleransi, disiplin, kerja keras, kreatif dan inovatif, mandiri, demokratis, rasa ingin tahu, cinta tanah air, gotong royong, hormat, peduli lingkungan, tanggung jawab, berani mengambil resiko, tangguh, terbuka, ramah dan luwes, moderat, dan seni. (3) Nilai-nilai pendidikan karakter pada peninggalan purbakala dapat diaplikasikan sebagai sumber belajar IPS di SMP kelas VII pada standar kompetensi memahami lingkungan kehidupan manusia dan kompetensi dasar mendeskripsikan kehidupan pada masa pra aksara di Indonesia. (4) Nilai-nilai pendidikan karakter dalam peninggalan purbakala diintegrasikan ke dalam silabus dan rencana pelaksanaan pembelajaran IPS ke dalam aspek tujuan, indikator, materi, strategi dan metode, langkah-langkah, dan penilaian pembelajaran. Kata Kunci: Peninggalan purbakala, Karakter, Perangkat Pembelajaran
PBL BERBANTUAN MEDIA AUDIOVISUAL DAN TIPE KEPRIBADIAN DALAM PEMBELAJARAN IPS
Authors: Astiti Ni Made , Sukadi Sukadi , Astra Wesnawa I Gede
Published: October 2019

Tujuan utama penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh model pembelajaran berbasis masalah berbantuan media audio visual terhadap hasil belajar siswa ditinjau dari tipe kepribadian. Penelitian ini dilakukan pada siswa kelas VII SMP Negeri 6 Denpasar, dengan menggunkan desain treatmen by level 2x2. Ada dua jenis instrument yang digunakan untuk menjaring data, yaitu: tes tipe kepribadian dan tes hasil belajar IPS. Data hasil penelitian dianalis dengan menggunakan ANAVA. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa 1) terdapat interaksi antara model pembelajaran dengan tipe kepribadian dalam pengaruhnya terhadap hasil belajar IPS dan  2) untuk siswa yang memiliki tipe kepribadian ekstrovert lebih cocok dengan model pembelajaran berbasis masalah berbantuan media audiovisual, sedangkan untuk siswa yang memiliki tipe kepribadian introvert lebih cocok dengan model pembelajaran konvensional. Kata kunci:     PBL, media audiovisual, tipe kepribadian, hasil belajar
PENGARUH MODEL PEMBELAJARAN PROJECT CITIZEN TERHADAP KETERAMPILAN BERPIKIR DAN HASIL BELAJAR PPKN SISWA KELAS X DI SMA NEGERI 1 BUSUNGBIU
Authors: Adi Wisesa I Made Pasek Anom Sarwa , Lasmawan I Wayan , Suastika I Nengah
Published: October 2019

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh model pembelajaran Projec Citizen  terhadap keterampilan berpikir kritis dan hasil belajar PPKn siswa kelas X di SMA Negeri 1 Busungbiu. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kuasi eksperimental post-test only control group desing. Populasi penelitian ini adalah 188 siswa kelas X dengan sampel penelitian 32 siswa X IPA1 dan 30 siswa kelas X IPA4 SMA Negeri 1 Busungbiu yang dipilih dengan teknik cluster random sampling. Data dianalisis secara kuantitatif dengan menggunakan analisis statistik deskriptif. Dari hasil penelitian ini ditemukan bahwa skor rata-rata keterampilan berpikir keritis dan hasil belajar siswa 80.47 dan 83.81 untuk kelas eksperimen dan 72.83 dan 73.83 untuk kelas control. Artinya kelompok eksperimen lebih baik daripada kelompok kontrol dalam hal pencapaian keterampilan berpikir kritis dan hasil belajar mereka. Selain itu, nilai F-Wilk’ Lambda = 49.78. Karena nilai sig (p= 0.0 < 0.05), hipotesis nol (H0) ditolak. Dapat disimpulkan bahwa ada pengaruh signifikan penggunaan model pemebalajaran Project Citizen terhadap keterampilan berpikir kritis dan hasil belajar siswa. Kesimpulannya, Kata kunci: Project Citizen, Berpikir Kritis, Hasil Belajar