bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Nuremberg in Tokyo: Trials of Japanese War Criminals
Authors:   Russian State University of Justice, Moscow, Russian Federation, Petukhov Nikolay A. , Ryabtseva Ekaterina V.
Published: December 2024

Introduction. The article is dedicated to the 75th anniversary of the Tokyo trial of Japanese war criminals. The purpose of work is analysis of historical events preceding the Tokyo tribunal is carried out.
Results. The key roles of the USSR in the surrender of Japan is shown. The evidence of the villainous treatment of prisoners of war and civilians in the occupied territories by the Japanese is presented. The features of the Tokyo trial are investigated and the conviction of 25 war criminals is described in detail.
Discussion and Сonclusion. The importance of the Tokyo Tribunal is shown, which, together with the Nuremberg trials, laid the foundation for the approval of the norms and principles of modern international law concerning punishments for war crimes, crimes against peace and humanity, and also laid the foundation for the subsequent struggle for the outlawing of bacteriological weapons.
Plats för tal, plats för tystnad
Authors: Karlsson Lena
Published: December 2024

Recension av Wanström, Sofia 2023. When The Dam Burst: Perspectives on Genre and Tellability in Testimonies of Rape. Åbo: Åbo Akademis förlag.
Tradition och förändring
Authors: Nilsson Fredrik
Published: December 2024

Budkavlen har under drygt 10 år belyst en rad olika teman, frånKrig och konflikt (2011) till (O)lyckans kulturella praktiker (2023).Med föreliggande volym bryter vi denna tradition – åtminstonetill viss del. I motsats till tidigare fick hugade författare denna gångsjälv välja ämne att skriva om. När vi granskade artikelförslagenframträdde emellertid trots det ett tema, tradition och förändring.Susanne Nylund Skog skriver om hur föreställningar om ett traditionelltsvenskt midsommarfirande förhandlas bland svenskar påMallorca; Kristina Öhman belyser hur ungdomar under 1990-taletprövade nya kommunikativa uttrycksformer; Sofia Wanström visarhur uppropet Dammen brister etablerade en arena där kvinnorkunde berätta om sexuella övergrepp på sätt som delvis utmanadetraditionella berättargenrer.
State of Haemodynamics in Athletes with Musculoskeletal Disorders Involved in Various Types of Physical Activity
Authors:   Siberian State University of Physical Education and Sport, Kalsina Viktoriya V. , Kudrya Olga N.
Published: December 2024

Adequate haemodynamic indices for the body’s optimal functioning during physical activity is the main condition for an athlete’s effective performance. In healthy athletes, certain changes in the circulatory system due to the type of exercise occur, which are not always of a positive adaptive nature. For athletes with musculoskeletal disorders, such changes are poorly described in literature. The purpose of this study was to assess haemodynamic changes in athletes with musculoskeletal disorders depending on the type of physical activity. Materials and methods. The research involved 93 people, including 52 athletes with various forms of musculoskeletal disorders and 41 healthy athletes. The mean age of athletes with musculoskeletal disorders was 27.4 ± 4.1 years, and that of healthy athletes was 25.3 ± 1.5 years. The length of training was 5.4 ± 1.2 and 7.3 ± 2.6 years, respectively. During the 1st stage of the research, we used baseline haemodynamic values to analyse the state of the circulatory system in athletes with musculoskeletal disorders and healthy subjects doing various types of exercises in their training process. The 2nd stage involved studying changes in the functional haemodynamic resources of athletes with musculoskeletal disorders in response to a graded exercise test. Results. At rest, peripheral haemodynamic indices (systolic blood pressure, mean arterial pressure, and peripheral vascular resistance) in athletes with musculoskeletal disorders were found to be higher, while central haemodynamic indices (stroke volume and cardiac output) lower than in healthy athletes. Physical load activates resources allowing the cardiovascular system to work more intensely in athletes with musculoskeletal disorders. We found that haemodynamic changes in groups of athletes with musculoskeletal disorders correspond to those in groups of healthy athletes with a similar focus of the training process. In athletes with musculoskeletal disorders, the most negative changes in haemodynamics and strain of the adaptive mechanisms are caused by the predominance of static exercises and strength training.
Grouting solution with carbon dioxide (СО2)
Authors:   Almetyevsk State Technological University, Zalyatdinov A. A. , Egorova E. A. ,   Almetyevsk State Technological University, Timergalieva L. R. ,   Almetyevsk State Technological University, Fazdalova T. M. ,   Almetyevsk State Technological University
Published: December 2024

Climate change is observed in all regions of the planet. This process is be­coming more intense, and some of the emerging trends are already irre­versible, at least at this stage. However, it is within the power of humanity to limit the scale of climate change, significantly reducing emissions of harm­ful substances into the atmosphere, including greenhouse gases, it is pos­sible to considerably improve air quality and stabilize global temperatures in a short time. The object of the study is the process of pumping carbon dioxide into cement used for grouting oil and gas wells. The study is based on the analysis of the relevance of the decarbonization project in the oil and gas industry, existing well cementing technologies, as well as methods of concrete production with carbon dioxide. In the course of the work, two hypotheses for injecting carbon dioxide into cement were identified. They use the basic method of cementing: mixing CO2, water and cement sepa­rately and cement with water immediately with CO2. Based on the results of the study, it can be concluded that the development and implementation of these technologies has the potential to significantly reduce greenhouse gas emissions, which contributes to the achievement of sustainable devel­opment goals.
Oil, gas, geological and seismic zoning of the territory of Iraq based on innovative technologies of space photography
Authors:   North-Caucasus Federal University, Kharchenko V. M. , Al-Hasrachi A. ,   North-Caucasus Federal University, Ibragimova T. V. ,   North-Caucasus Federal University, Nerkararyan A. E. ,   North-Caucasus Federal University
Published: December 2024

In order to increase the efficiency of hydrocarbon (HC) field development and design of geological and technological activities based on available data, it is advisable to study not only the geological conditions of oil and gas deposits and fields, but also the geodynamic conditions. It is worth noting that during the search and exploration of HC fields in the study area, geodynamic conditions were previously practically not taken into account, due to the lack of both a theoretical basis and a reliable methodology. The research studies the geodynamic conditions of the territory of Iraq and the adjacent states. The study was conducted to identify the most promising areas for the development of HC fields based on oil and gas geological zoning. The research methodology is based on well-established methods of group geological survey, system-aerospace methods in combination with geophysical methods and virtually unknown methods of geodynamic analysis, ore-oil- and-gas-geological zoning, structural-metric method and method of interpretation of central-type structures and lineaments with allocation of geodynamic centers, compression and extension (vacuum) zones, interference zones and subvertical destruction zones. The initial materials for conducting scientific research are primarily space images of various scales, physical-geographical maps, topographic maps, structural maps and seismic activity maps, as well as flow rate maps of production wells or cumulative oil and gas production. The work provides brief comments on the compiled multi-scale maps-schemes, to which the territory of Iraq is confined and the identified promising areas for prospecting, exploration and even development of mineral deposits (especially oil and gas) and specific locations of possible catastrophic earthquakes.
Kewenangan Mahkamah Agung dalam Publikasi Pada Putusan Perkara Privat
Authors: Ningrum Vernita Kusuma , Hufron Hufron
Published: December 2024

This study examines the Supreme Court's authority to publish rulings on private cases and its impact on individuals' privacy rights. This authority, framed by transparency and data protection principles, is grounded in the right to public information per the Indonesian Constitution and Law No. 14 of 2008. However, publishing decisions in sensitive cases, such as divorce and domestic violence, risks violating individual privacy. This research addresses the urgent need to balance transparency and privacy by analyzing the legal basis and limitations on the Court’s authority. Through normative legal methods and legislative analysis, this study reviews key guidelines, including Supreme Court Decision No. 2-144/KMA/SK/VIII/2022, to recommend privacy protections for sensitive information in judicial rulings. Findings indicate that, despite a general obligation to disclose court decisions, exceptions must be made for sensitive data to safeguard privacy, contributing to a nuanced approach to judicial transparency.
Percepções de profissionais de serviços voltados às pessoas em situação de rua sobre aspectos para uma alimentação adequada e saudável
Authors: Helena Torres Thifany , Sabatini Fernanda , Baeza Scagliusi Fernanda
Published: December 2024

Introdução: A garantia do direito ao alimento para a população em situação de rua (PSR) é um processo complexo e multifacetado que envolve equipamentos públicos, serviços de acolhimento e instituições filantrópicas, assim como os colaboradores inseridos nesses locais. Objetivo: Compreender as percepções de profissionais de serviços que oferecem refeições para a PSR sobre quais aspectos devem guiar a oferta da alimentação no serviço para que essa seja entendida como adequada e saudável. Materiais e métodos: Pesquisa qualitativa exploratória com realização de entrevistas semiestruturadas com funcionários de três serviços do centro da cidade de São Paulo, que oferecem refeições prontas à PSR, e que estão inseridos nas etapas do planejamento, preparo e/ou distribuição do alimento. As entrevistas foram analisadas utilizando-se o método de análise de dados qualitativos no qual são construídas, indutivamente, categorias. Resultados: Para que a alimentação servida seja entendida como adequada e saudável, na percepção dos colaboradores, é indispensável que esta considere aspectos nutricionais e de segurança do alimento, respeitando diretrizes, características sensoriais da refeição em si e dimensões simbólicas socioculturais e representativas em torno da comida, como pedidos da própria PSR. Conclusão: É importante explorar e discutir os entendimentos sobre a alimentação oferecida para a PSR, visando orientar o planejamento de ações voltadas para essa população que assegurem seu direito ao alimento e sua dignidade alimentar através de uma alimentação adequada e saudável.
Performans Kaygısı ile Mücadelede Bilişsel Davranışçı Terapi ve Emdr Terapinin Rolü
Authors: Surlu Bilge
Published: December 2024

-
FEATURES OF THE FORMATION OF MEAT PRODUCTIVITY OF RABBITS UNDER DIFFERENT TYPES OF FEEDING
Authors: Bashchenko M. , Boyko O. , Havrysh O. , Sotnichenko Yu. , Usenko V.
Published: December 2024

It has been proven that the type of feeding of rabbits has no probable influence on indicators of the physiological state of rabbits. Differences in indicators in groups of different types of feeding were within the physiological norm. Under the dry type of feeding with the use of full-rational mixed feedsstandardized for the technological groups of rabbits, the growth of the organism as a whole increased gradually, as in the case of rabbits with a combined type of feeding. A probable difference in the live weight of young animals raised on different types of feeding was not found.It was established that unlimited feeding, regardless of the conditions of keeping rabbits, provides average daily gains between technological periods of up to 35.9 g. High growth energy is confirmed in the period from birth to 30 days. The maximum average daily increase in the live weight of the experimental rabbitsaccording to different types of feeding was noted in the growing period from 60 to 90 days, which is explained by the high energy of the animals’ growth.The rate of slaughter yield in the studied groups did not differ much, and was 56.7% in the group with dry type of feeding, and 56.4% in the combined group. It was established that the types of feeding had little influence on the mass of internal organs of rabbits. Probably higher indicators were noted in rabbitswith the combined type of feeding by weight of kidneys by 7.2% (P>0.95) - 17.9 g, liver by 3.8% (P>0.99) - 71.8 g and the weight of the stomach without contents by 4.5% (P>0.95) – 39.4 g. When examining the length of the intestine in the group of rabbits that had a combined type of feeding, the thin section was probably longer by 6.2% (P>0, 95), the large intestine was also longer, but the difference was not likely to be significant. Unlimited feeding provides average daily gains between technological periods up to 35.9 g. The maximum average daily gain in live weight of experimental rabbits according to different types of feeding was noted in the 7 growing period from 60 to 90 days, which is explained by the high energy of animal growth.
ОЦІНИТИ ПОТЕНЦІАЛ ВИКОРИСТАННЯ ЕЛЕКТРОФІЗИЧНОГО, ХІМІЧНОГО ТА КОРМОВОГО ФАКТОРІВ ДЛЯ ЗМЕНШЕННЯ ЕМІСІЇ ЗАБРУДНЮЮЧИХ РЕЧОВИН З КРІЛЬЧАТНИКА В АТМОСФЕРУ
Authors: Nebylytsia Mykola , Boiko Oleksandr , Osokina Tetyana
Published: December 2024

Актуальність роботи зумовлена необхідністю визначення коефіцієнтівдобової емісії забруднюючих речовин (ЗР) від невеликих об’єктівкролівництва. Метою роботи було оцінити потенціал використанняультрафіолету бактерицидного і озону низької концентрації (УФБ+О3) вробочій зоні крільчатника та кормової добавки гумінових кислот (Гк), длязменшення емісії забруднюючих речовин у зовнішнє повітря. Для виконанняпоставлених завдань застосовано бібліографічні, фізичні, хімічні,мікробіологічні, біометричні та аналітичні методи досліджень.Експериментальну роботу проведено в цегляному приміщенні, обладнаномуприпливно-витяжною системою вентиляції з механічним приводом.Дослідження виконані за використання кролів породи полтавське срібло нафермі Черкаської ДСБ НААН. Тварин утримували в оцинкованих клітковихбатареях на суцільній бетонованій підлозі. Щільність посадки кролівстановила 12,0-12,7 гол./м2. Дослідженнями установлено вірогідний вплив дії(УФБ+О3) в робочій зоні крільчатника та кормової добавки Гк, на зниженняпоказників емісії вуглекислого газу, аміаку і дрібнодисперсного пилу взовнішнє повітря. Виняток становив показник добової емісії метану зкрільчатника, який збільшився до 62,6%. Показник добової емісії метанувірогідно збільшувався на 14,4-34,2%, також, за згодовування кролямкормової добавки Гк. Обробка внутрішнього повітря приміщення (УФБ+О3)у весняний, літній і осінній періоди року вірогідно забезпечила зниженнязагального мікробного числа КУО на 43,5-47,1% (p ≤ 0,05-0,01), у розрахункуна 1м3 внутрішнього повітря крільчатника. Показано суттєвий вплив дії(УФБ+О3) та кормової добавки Гк на установлену рівновагу мікробнихсистем кишківників у кролів. У результаті цього, проявилась активаціяметаногенних систем мікроорганізмів у піддослідних тварин. Визначеносередньорічні коефіцієнти добової емісії одинадцяти забруднюючих речовинта парникових газів, які викидаються в атмосферне повітря від приміщення малого об’єкту кролівництва. На відміну від України, на території країнЄвросоюзу (ЄС) застосовується спільна сільськогосподарська політика,завдяки якій фермери отримують фінансову підтримку. Мета політикиполягає у збереженні сільськогосподарського виробництва, як джерелаосновних продуктів харчування, і зменшенні його негативного впливу наландшафт і навколишнє середовище.
Determinants of Profitability in Commercial Banks Listed on the Indonesian Stock Exchange
Authors: Attatur M Kemal , Gymyastiar Ahmad , Lestari Henny Setyo
Published: December 2024

This study aims to examine the impact of Bank size, including asset size and deposit size, capital adequacy, credit quality, liquidity, inflation, and Gross Domestic Product growth on Bank profitability, as measured by Return n Assets and Return on Equity. Focusing on a sample of commercial Banks listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange from 2019 to 2023, this study uses purposive sampling with 41 Banks over a five-year period. Data analysis was performed using descriptive statistics and random effects models through panel data regression in E-views 9.0. The results showed that asset size has a significant positive effect on Return on Assets and Return on Equity. Deposit size, capital adequacy, credit quality, and Gross Domestic Product growth do not have a significant impact on profitability, Liquidity does not have a significant effect on Return on Equity but shows a positive impact that is almost significant on Return on Assets. Inflation has a significant positive effect on Return on Equity but not on Return on Assets. Based on these findings, it is recommended that Banks focus on managing asset size and monitoring inflation trends to improve profitability. Further research is suggested to include additional variables and extend the sample period for a more comprehensive understanding of the determinants of Bank profitability.
Tendency of unnatural deaths in Faisalabad city during 2023- a retrospective study.
Authors: Mobin Inam Pal  , Naheed Kishwar , Ummara Munir  , Abdul Samad  , Kamran Qurrat ul Ain , Iqbal Muhammad
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACT:
BACKGROUND & OBJECTIVE: Unnatural deaths reflect the social and mental setup of a society. The objective was to assess the trend of unnatural deaths in Faisalabad during the year 2023 and determine the gender and age group mostly affected and the means employed.
METHODOLOGY: This cross-sectional descriptive study was carried out in the Department of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology, Punjab Medical College, Faisalabad, from the data of all victims of unnatural deaths from 1st January 2023 to 31st December 2023.  Data was collected from respective official Police and post-mortem reports and recorded on pre-structured proformas and categorized based on the manner of death, type of weapon, age groups involved, and gender.
RESULTS: Out of a total of 266 autopsies, 227 were males and 39 females (5.8:1). Majority of the victims belonged to the 30-39 -year age group i.e. 100 (37.6%) followed by the 20-29-year age group with 49 (18.4%) cases. The manner of death was homicidal in 198 (74.4%) cases followed by 46 (17.3%) accidental and 14 (5.3%) suicide while the manner of death remained undetermined in 5 (1.8%) cases. Firearms claimed 116 (43.6%) lives followed by poisoning (61,22.9%) cases. October experienced the maximum number of cases (30,11.3%).
CONCLUSION: Males are the major victims of unnatural deaths especially individuals in the middle age group. Firearm weapons are the major weapon of assault due to their easy availability. There is a dire need for strict implementation of laws on buying and possession of firearms.
Language Choice in EFL Classrooms: A Case Study on Students’ Perspective
Authors: Lien Tran Thi Thuy
Published: December 2024

This study examines students’ comprehension of lecturers’ English (L2) and their preference as well as perception on the use of Vietnamese (L1) in EFL classes. Data was collected from questionnaires and focus-group interview with students. Data analysis revealed that students’ English comprehension level was relatively low while the majority of them had a positive attitude toward lecturers’ classroom English speaking. Meanwhile, findings show that a majority of students were motivated to listen to lecturers’ English, which was found to be contradicted to the general belief about non-English major students’ English learning motivation. The students perceived two main factors which influenced their comprehension of lecturers’ English speaking and their learning motivation. Those factors are divided into lecturer-related and student-related. Among those, student-related factors including students’ English vocabulary, strategies in listening to English, and listening practice were believed to be the most influential.
Towards effective implementation of building energy efficiency codes in Tripoli, Lebanon: Key actions for enforcement
Authors: Al-Soufi Al-Sukkari Tarek , El-Daghar Khaled , Galal Kareem , Afify Ayman
Published: December 2024

Energy is vital for human life. However, the increasing global demand for and reliance on fossil fuels are significantly contributing to rising CO2 emissions. The Building Energy Efficiency Codes (BEECs) are a government initiative aimed at regulating CO2 emissions. BEECs support both national environmental goals and global climate change initiatives in Lebanon. The study aims to close the gap between the effectiveness of Lebanon's building energy codes and the country's environmental goals. It seeks to identify the key enforcement actions taken by the Trpl-M towards the successful implementation of the Building Energy Efficiency Code (BEEC). Tripoli was selected for its administrative independence and unique authority in enforcing building energy codes, including a dedicated technical department. This autonomy provides a valuable setting to explore compliance strategies and address regional challenges. This is achieved through an approach involving a literature review, case studies, and semi-structured interviews with employees from the Trpl-M Permit Office. The data is analyzed using a thematic analysis approach, providing a nuanced understanding of the implementation challenges within the employees' working environment. Findings suggest considering proactive design integration, third-party inspections, random compliance checks, penalties, and incentives to achieve high standards of energy efficiency and contribute to sustainable urban development and energy conservation in the region.
Fourier Analysis of Inverse Coefficient Nonlinear Hyperbolic Equations under Periodic Boundary Conditions
Authors: Yernazar Akbala , Bağlan İrem
Published: December 2024

This study presents an analytical analysis of a one-dimensional inverse coefficient nonlinear hyperbolic equation with periodic boundary conditions. The analytical solution is derived by applying Fourier method. An iterative approach is used to establish convergence and to assess the existence, uniqueness and stability of the solution to the nonlinear problem.
Aquisições de medicamentos pelo governo federal nas últimas duas décadas
Authors: De Negri Fernanda , Mello Carlos Eduardo Ribeiro de , Mourthe Adriano Cabral Linhares
Published: December 2024

Neste capítulo são analisadas as compras de medicamentos do governo federal durante mais de vinte anos, entre 2000 e 2021, e por meio do módulo Comprasnet, do Sistema Integrado de Administração de Serviços Gerais (Siasg).
A Compact, Coherent Representation of Stellar Surface Variation in the Spectral Domain
Authors: Zhao Lily L. , Bedell Megan , Hogg David W. , Luger Rodrigo
Published: December 2024

Time-varying inhomogeneities on stellar surfaces constitute one of the largest sources of radial velocity (RV) error for planet detection and characterization. We show that stellar variations, because they manifest on coherent, rotating surfaces, give rise to changes that are complex but usably compact and coherent in the spectral domain. Methods for disentangling stellar signals in RV measurements benefit from modeling the full domain of spectral pixels. We simulate spectra of spotted stars using starry and construct a simple spectrum projection space that is sensitive to the orientation and size of stellar surface features. Regressing measured RVs in this projection space reduces RV scatter by 60%–80% while preserving planet shifts. We note that stellar surface variability signals do not manifest in spectral changes that are purely orthogonal to a Doppler shift or exclusively asymmetric in line profiles; enforcing orthogonality or focusing exclusively on asymmetric features will not make use of all the information present in the spectra. We conclude with a discussion of existing and possible implementations on real data based on the presented compact, coherent framework for stellar signal mitigation.
A clinical case of STEMI in a 19-year-old woman with hypercholesterolemia
Authors: Barakova S. , Grigorova B. , Pashkuleva-Dermenjieva E. , Ivanov N. , Moraliyska P. , Lazarov P. , Gamisheva A.
Published: December 2024

We present a clinical case of a 19-year-old young woman who was admitted to the Emergency Department of the Medical Military Academy in September 2023 with complaints of palpitations, nausea, vomiting, a shortness of breath and a previous syncope. After the conducted clinical, laboratory and instrumental tests, an acute myocardial infarction (AMI) with ST-elevation (STEMI) was established in the presence of increased levels of total (TC) and low-density cholesterol (LDL) and triglycerides (TG). There was no indication of hypercholesterolemia up to this point from the anamnesis. The case is interesting because of the young age of the patient, which suggests familial hypercholesterolemia (FH) as a risk factor (RF) for atherogenesis in the absence of other RF, such as diabetes mellitus (DM) and arterial hypertension (AH).
Compatibility of released and adventive populations of Ganaspis kimorum Buffington, 2024, (Cynipoidea, Figitidae), parasitoid of the spotted-wing drosophila Drosophila suzukii (Matsumura, 1931)
Authors: Stahl Judith M. , Lisi Fabrizio , Samarin Thaliana , Wang Xingeng , Beers Elizabeth H. , Daane Kent M.
Published: December 2024

Taxonomic and host associations have been closely studied within the Ganaspis brasiliensis (Ihering, 1905) (Hymenoptera, Figitidae) complex as parasitoids of the spotted-wing drosophila, Drosophila suzukii (Matsumura, 1931) (Diptera, Drosophilidae). Initially, five genetic groups (G1–G5) were identified that suggested the existence of cryptic species that vary in their host ranges and geographic distributions. What was referred to as the “G1” strain was recently described as G. kimorum Buffington, 2024, and approved for release as a classical biological control agent in the United States and parts of Europe. Concurrently, an adventive population of G. kimorum was found in British Columbia, Canada and is likely spreading through parts of the Pacific Northwest such as Washington State, USA. Here, we compare the reproductive compatibility and molecular similarity of laboratory-bred G. kimorum (collected in Tokyo, Japan) used for release in the USA and Europe with the adventive population found in Washington State, USA. Cross-breeding experiments between the Tokyo and the adventive population showed successful mating and the production of female offspring, indicating that they are reproductively compatible. For both populations, the mitochondrial COI barcode region was sequenced and further confirmed the conspecificity of the Tokyo and adventive Washington populations with published G. kimorum. These findings will help to better understand and document the effects of releases of G. kimorum and the reproductive success of adventive and released populations.
Dire l’action cynique
Authors: Decker Julien
Published: December 2024

Le cynisme comme philosophie des actes permet-il de penser une théorie de l’action ? Son absence de système et le foisonnement d’anecdotes contrarient a priori toute description de l’action morale. Pourtant, la théorie de l’ascèse transmise par Diogène Laërce fournit quelques réponses sur les dispositions nécessaires à l’action : développer la force du corps et de l’âme, acquérir la santé et l’autosuffisance, façonner par l’habitude une endurance contre les coups du sort et faire usage de ses représentations. Toutefois, le geste ascétique est souvent associé à une monstration de l’endurance et donc à un spectacle au point d’égarer les communautés cyniques dans la simple reproduction de l’anecdotique. Cette étude cherche donc à confronter l’action à l’anecdote et formule l’hypothèse que le texte de Diogène Laërce peut s’inspirer des mises en garde adressées aux cyniques exubérants.
Nutrition et Circulation aux xvie-xviie siècles : de l’analogie à la loi, d’une faculté végétale à une force plastique, puis élastique
Authors: Carvallo Sarah
Published: December 2024

La catégorie du végétatif est utilisée de façon structurelle et continue par la médecine pour caractériser le phénomène fondamental de la vie ; mais sa référence et sa signification changent historiquement. De l’Antiquité à la médecine renaissante, la vie végétative concerne d’abord l’embryon et la nutrition ; après la découverte de la circulation sanguine par Harvey (1628), elle gagne le domaine de la circulation, pensée désormais comme fonction fondamentale commune aux plantes et aux hommes. Comment et pourquoi s’effectue la migration du schème nutritif vers le schème circulatoire entre le seizième et dix-septième siècle ? Trois médecins, Vésale (1543), Harvey (1650) et Malpighi (1671) peuvent éclairer la compréhension de l’évolution du schème végétatif dans l’homme comme caractéristique d’un style de pensée médical. Même si le contenu et le contexte épistémique évoluent, la catégorie du végétatif dessine une continuité fondamentale dans le besoin de mobiliser les plantes pour connaître et comprendre la vie humaine. Cependant en important l’analogie entre le végétatif et l’humain dans une nature régie par des lois et dans une conception « élastique » de la vie comme force, Malpighi conçoit désormais la circulation comme une loi caractéristique du vivant et transforme ainsi le sens de l’analogie. La circulation fait rentrer les plantes et le vivant tout entier Résumés 221 dans le régime des lois de la nature, qui structure toute la science modélisée sur la mécanique.
Le végétal comme dépositaire d’une vie commune. L’âme végétative chez Platon et Aristote.
Authors: Macé Arnaud
Published: December 2024

Le présent article examine les manières opposées dont Platon et Aristote attribuent au végétal une forme de vie commune aux autres vivants. Platon, dans le Timée, commence par faire décrire au personnage éponyme un « vivant intelligible » exhaustif qui ne comprend que quatre espèces (vivants célestes et divins, aériens, aquatiques et se déplaçant sur la terre) à l’exclusion des plantes (28a6- 40a2). Celles-ci sont néanmoins fabriquées par les dieux subalternes afin de nourrir les hommes, en animant un vivant qui pousse de la terre au moyen du troisième type d’âme apparu dans l’incarnation humaine (76e7-77b5). La plante relève d’une forme de vie partagée par les autres vivants, parce qu’elle n’a pas d’essence propre, Résumés 225 au point que Timée n’évoque son mouvement propre que de manière paradoxale. Au contraire, Aristote, au moment d’introduire, dans le traité de l’âme (II, 1-4), la capacité nutritive que tout vivant doit nécessairement posséder pour disposer d’autres formes de vie, prend la plante pour guide et explicite le mouvement qui lui est propre. Le végétal révèle alors la vie dans son essence la plus universelle, mais néanmoins la plus basse.
Muography applied to archaeology: case study of a small size Macedonian Tumulus
Authors: Avgitas Theodoros , Elles Sabine , Goy Corinne , Karyotakis Yannis , Marteau Jacques
Published: December 2024

A tomography experiment using cosmic ray muons was conducted on an archaeological site in Greece, a tumulus. This contribution presents issues related to the simulation of the experiment and of the site, using tools commonly used in high-energy physics. The scientific objective is to compare the results of the simulation with the recorded data to highlight anomalies.
Inequalities Faced by Disadvantaged Students
Authors: Koçak Seval
Published: December 2024

Across the world, the integration of disadvantaged groups, who cannot access education due to their social status or who cannot benefit from quality education as others, has an important place on the agenda. As a fundamental human right, education is at the center of social justice. However, ensuring social justice in education requires first defining disadvantaged groups and identifying problem areas. Because the way to develop policies and strategies to solve problems and to take necessary protective measures by taking action is to correctly identify the disadvantaged groups and the problems they experience. In this study, disadvantaged groups in education and the problems experienced by these groups were discussed. These disadvantaged groups are discussed under the headings of gender, migration (differences in language, religion, ethnicity), having special needs, poverty and sexual orientation. The problems experienced by each disadvantaged group are discussed and suggestions are presented for measures that can be taken for the integration of these groups into education.
Strengthening Social Justice Leadership in Schools
Authors: Şentürk İlknur , Kılıçoğlu Gökhan , Kılıçoğlu Derya , Aydoğdu Elif , Kandemir Celal Murat
Published: December 2024

Social justice has become an increasingly debated concept in the political, economic, social and legal spheres of the global order. Social justice in education is as much about improving social rights and instilling hope for renewal in society by providing a quality education system as it is about strengthening political influence and financial status. Social justice in education reduces differences by making the educational environment more socialized, preparing students for better coexistence. In order to implement social justice in schools, school leaders should start by identifying the causes of inequalities in schools and the measures to be taken. Efforts to achieve social justice in schools will be the driving force for these efforts to spread throughout society. Education workers, especially those who manage educational organizations, have a one-to-one responsibility for the social justice indicators in the society they live in. Social justice is a manageable process. School administrators can also develop strategies to manage social justice in their schools. In this section, which aims to address the concept of social justice with its theoretical and practical dimensions in educational organizations, what social justice means for school administrators and teachers, what social justice practices and efforts in schools can be, what the social justice roles of actors in schools can be, the problems in achieving social justice, what the basic characteristics of school administrators who advocate social justice are, the ways and results of achieving social justice in schools are discussed.
Control Strategies of Grid Integrated Wind/PV Based Hybrid Power System
Authors: Kumar Anil
Published: December 2024

This comprehensive review explores advanced control strategies for hybrid electric vehicles (HEVs), focusing on the application of artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning (ML) techniques. The chapter traces the evolution of HEV control strategies from conventional methods to more sophisticated approaches, such as fuzzy logic, neural networks, model predictive control, and adaptive control. The integration of AI and ML, including reinforcement learning, deep learning, and hybrid AI approaches, is discussed in detail. A comparative analysis of these strategies evaluates their fuel efficiency, emissions reduction, computational complexity, and adaptability performance. Case studies highlight real-world applications and benefits. Future directions and research opportunities are explored, including edge computing, IoT integration, and advanced sensors. This review underscores the importance of adopting advanced control strategies to optimize HEV performance, efficiency, and reliability, contributing to a sustainable and energy-efficient future.
Modelling and Design of Electric Vehicle Drivetrain System
Authors: Subrahmanyam Chamarty V. S. R.
Published: December 2024

With the advent of computers, the complicated design procedures of multi-disciplinary systems like electric vehicles have undergone a revolutionary change. When compared to earlier manual calculations, these systems offer more advantages in terms of accuracy and time. Also, recent advances in artificial intelligence and machine learning pave the way for evolving effective predictive models with the least experimentation. The design of drivetrain systems is very important because they transfer load and motion to the receiver from a source like a motor. To carry out the modeling and design of electric vehicle drivetrains, a lot of research is going on, and in this chapter, an attempt is made to have an insight into the entire process.
Digitalization Transformation in Entrepreneurship and Enterprise Green Innovation
Authors: Riaj Md. Asaduj Jaman , Tabassum Mst. Nowshin , Hossain Rashed , Bhuiyan Mohammad Rakibul Islam , Khatun Maimuna
Published: December 2024

The development of information technology such as block chain, big data, cloud computing, and other such technologies provide an imperative future for enterprises to realize innovation and sustainable growth in digital transformation. This book chapter seeks to fill this gap by examining the effects of digitalization on the creation of environmentally sustainable innovations in enterprises. The discussions derived from the research show that digital transformation has greatly facilitated enterprises to advance green innovation. This relationship has been boosted by contributions like, an increased spending on R & D, government grants, and low-income tax burdens among others. Based on the discussions, government initiatives might be increased in increasing the enterprises' engagement in green innovation, such as increasing subsidies, increase the amount of tax credits. Further, this chapter encompasses the digital transformation of enterprises to learn the ways to enhance green innovation through higher R&D investment, government subsidy, and favorable taxation policies.
Immersive Clinical Education Experiences in Athletic Training: A Report From the NATA Professional Education Committee
Authors: Calvert Kimberly , Thrasher Ashley B. , Gessel Chyrsten L. , Rosen Adam B.
Published: December 2024

Context

Immersive clinical education experiences (ImCEs) are a recent addition to the Commission on Accreditation of Athletic Training Education standards. As such, there is little information on how athletic training programs design and implement ImCEs into the curriculum.

Objective

The purpose of this study was to explore the structure of ImCEs among athletic training programs and practices relating to identifying and developing ImCEs.

Design

Cross-sectional study.

Setting

Web-based survey.

Patients or Other Participants

A total of 103 of 265 Coordinators of Clinical Education for Commission on Accreditation of Athletic Training Education-accredited professional programs participated (women = 69, men = 29, 4 = prefer not to disclose, 1 = unanswered).

Main Outcome Measures

Coordinators of Clinical Education provided information about their program, timing and length of ImCEs, and the settings used. Program practices for preceptor selection and development, curricular design for simultaneous didactic coursework, and resources available to students were also investigated.

Results

The average number of ImCEs was 1.9, with a length of 4 to 28 weeks. Most programs have the first ImCE in the second year and primarily rely on college/university and secondary school settings. Programs reporting ImCEs less than 4 weeks in length and those requiring synchronous coursework during clinical immersion are of concern.

Conclusions

Athletic training programs are integrating ImCEs in a variety of ways. There may be confusion as to best practices and Commission on Accreditation of Athletic Training Education requirements for ImCEs.
Adjusted norovirus molecular epidemiology pattern among the children with acute gastroenteritis: A study from a tropical country
Authors: Sookaromdee Pathum , Wiwanitkit Viroj
Published: December 2024

Objective:

People of all ages can get acute viral gastroenteritis, which is a frequent illness. In immunocompromised individuals, the viral etiology of acute gastroenteritis (AGE) can cause long-term diarrhea. The detection of viruses may be done very well using molecular approaches. Molecular approaches are essential for the genetic characterization of cocirculating strains and also serve as diagnostic tools. Quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR), which has been shown to be more specific than enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), is the current gold standard. There is growing fear, nevertheless, that qPCR will produce a sizable proportion of false negatives.

Materials and Methods:

The authors of this work reevaluate the information on enteric norovirus molecular epidemiology in children in a tropical Indochina nation and look at the role of intestinal noroviruses in AGE.

Results:

The results of this investigation suggest that the precise incidence rate in the tropical environment under consideration may be very high. Regardless of age, the norovirus can be found in local youngsters.

Conclusion:

The relationship between norovirus and gastrointestinal sickness in this condition has to be thoroughly researched due to the high frequency of norovirus in the stool samples of the tested children, regardless of AGE. Norovirus is the most common cause of AGE, however, other infections may exist and go undetected or misdiagnosed.
Does modification of intracavitary brachytherapy procedure by extended loading technique confer maximum vaginal coverage and affect treatment response?
Authors: Saiyeda Kisa , Khan Mohsin , Hussain Bilal , Kanth Vibhav
Published: December 2024

Background:

Standard loading technique was seen to result in incomplete coverage of the primary disease extending to the vagina. Modification of loading technique with extended loading aims to deliver higher dose to vaginal extent of disease with acceptable toxicity.

Objectives:

This study was conducted to determine the feasibility of extended loading technique in intracavitary brachytherapy in cervical cancer patients with primary disease involving vagina in terms of dosimetry, response rates of primary disease, and associated toxicities.

Methods:

Twenty patients were selected who were registered and treated during January 2020 to December 2021. All patients (100%) completed the treatment with minimum of two follow-ups.

Results:

Overall, the response rate of 90% in primary disease was observed in patients treated, and interestingly, 50% of the patients had complete response. Moreover, 100% of patients reported improvement in at least one symptom. Only one patient had a static disease. As defined by the RTOG criteria for toxicity assessment, Grade I rectal toxicity (70%) and genitourinary toxicity (50%) were seen in most patients. Grade III toxicity was reported in five patients. No Grade IV toxicity was seen.

Conclusion:

Extended loading technique was an excellent method to adequately cover the vaginal disease in a setting where interstitial brachytherapy and intensity-modulated radiation therapy boost techniques are not available, with acceptable toxicity.
To study the role of double-J stenting in uncomplicated ureteroscopic lithotripsy
Authors: Pathak Bedanta , Singh Khwairakpam Amitkumar , Singh Akoijam Kaku , Mehra Devendra , Adhikari Aakash
Published: December 2024

Introduction:

Double-J (DJ) stenting in ureteroscopic lithotripsy (URSL) may be associated with various stent-related symptoms and requires additional procedures for its removal. DJ stent is definitely required in complicated URSL involving bleeding, ureteric mucosal injury or perforation but there is no consensus in cases of uncomplicated URSL.

Objectives:

The objective of the study was to compare the morbidity and outcomes of stenting, nonstenting, and short-term ureteric catheterization following uncomplicated URSL.

Methods:

A total of 105 patients with ureteric calculus were randomly assigned to three groups in a 1:1:1 fashion: Group 1 (n = 35) with DJ stenting, Group 2 (n = 35) nonstenting, and Group 3 (n = 35) with short-term ureteric catheterization after URSL. Patients were evaluated at 48 h, 1 week, and 2 weeks for the outcome variables – flank pain, dysuria, suprapubic pain, gross hematuria, frequency, urgency and need of analgesia, and rehospitalization. The International Prostate Symptom Score quality of life (QoL) was assessed only at 2 weeks. Stone clearance and anatomical improvement are assessed at 3 months.

Results:

One patient in each DJ stenting and nonstenting group required readmission. Flank pain score and dysuria, gross hematuria, and need for analgesia were highest among the DJ stenting group at all points of time (P < 0.001). QoL score was the lowest among the DJ stenting group. The stone clearance and anatomical improvement at 3 months were similar in all the groups.

Conclusion:

DJ stenting has no role in uncomplicated URSL.
Study of Functional Behaviour of Cast Magnesium Alloy with Zirconium
Addition
Authors: Venkatesh R. , Manivannan S. , Das A. Daniel , Mohanavel Vinayagam , Soudagar Manzoore Elahi Mohammad
Published: December 2024

Magnesium is the lightest material than aluminium and has a better specific
strength, which is utilized for weight management applications. This research
developed the magnesium (Mg) matrix with 0.1, 0.2, 0.3, and 0.5 percentages in
weight (wt%) of zirconium (Zr) particles (grain refinement agent) via the
squeeze cast technique. The argon inert gas is limit oxidation during the
melting of Mg. The influence of Zr on the functional properties of Mg is studied
and related to monolithic Mg without the Zr phase. The microstructural analysis
provides the Zr particles are dispersed uniformly in the Mg matrix and exposed
to superior mechanical properties. The Mg processed with 0.5 wt% of Zr offered
maximum hardness, ultimate tensile strength, and elongation percentage, which
are 53, 48.8, and 43.5 % better than the values of monolithic Mg. Besides, the
optimum Mg refining with 0.5 wt% Zr microstructure is detailed with EDS and
conforms to the contribution of Zr. This is used for automotive structural
(frame) applications.
Effect of Nano Silica on the Mechanical Behaviour of High Impact
Polypropylene/Nano Clay Composites
Authors: Thangavel Anand , Ragupathy K. , Manivannan S. , Murali M.
Published: December 2024

This study investigated the effect of nano silica on the mechanical behaviour of
blends containing high impact polypropylene (hiPP) and nano clay. This study
used nano silica from rice husk ash with an average particle size of 26 nm. The
hiPP composites were mixed with 3 wt. % nano clay and different weight
percentages (1%, 2%, and 3%) of nano silica were also added. The blending
process used twin-screw extrusion, and composite samples were subsequently
produced by injection moulding. Various parameters including tensile,
compressive, and impact strengths were analyzed. In particular, the hiPP
composite containing 3 wt. % nano clay and 2 wt. % nano silica had significantly
improved mechanical properties, showing a 37.5% increase in tensile strength, a
56.8% increase in flexural strength, and a 51.4% increase in impact strength. It
exhibited the highest tensile (53.51 MPa), flexural (67.19 MPa), and impact
strength (5.17 KJ/m2) among all tested composites, demonstrating
superior mechanical performance. In addition, the morphology of the composites
was studied using a scanning electron microscope (SEM).