bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Coalbed Methane (CBM) Project Enrichment Area and Economic Evaluation
Authors: Li Jin Shan , Li Zhong Xue , Zu Bing Hui
Published: September 2013

Coalbed gas, also called coalbed methane gas, is a kind of unconventional natural gas located in coal and rocks, coexisting with coal and its main ingredient are methane. On different levels of structure, coal bed methanes adsorption has partition zonality. The gas-bearing of coal seams has relative concentration in different tectonic units, is known as coalbed methane (CBM) enrichment. Influenced by coal rank, coal, rock properties and various geological conditions and other factors, the enrichment has certain regularity. In the study of the coal bed gas enrichment, coal bed gas enrichment especially refers to coal bed methane enrichment. Economic evaluation is that it may analysis reserves financial feasibility and economical rationality for coal seam to get the best economic benefit evaluation, by various stages in CBM cost and final production and income situation.
Heat Utilization of Solar Energy in Burley Tobacco Modulation
Authors: Yang Chun Lei , Yuan Xiao Yan , Yu Jun , Yang Jin Peng , Yang Shu , Gao Ai Fei , Du Xiu Zhi , Fu Kai Cheng , Ma Cheng Wei
Published: September 2013

In Hubei Province in China, About 15%-40% yield of Burley tobacco losses caused by mildew during air-curing period for High humidity and low temperature. In this paper, active solar utility system was first applied to condition temperature and humidity in the air-curing process. Forced convection solar collectors, natural convection solar collectors and air circulates system were applied in the solar Burley barns. The results showed that: The cost of the system was about 1226 ¥ per drying barn, but it could quickly increase the temperature and reduce the relative humidity of the barn, and the quality and yield were raised. The collector efficiency was about 18.8-24.9%. The average temperature of barn could be improved to 3-4 °Ceven in rainy days. The quality of upper and middle tobacco was enhanced by 11% to 13%; Yields increased by 18% to 23%; The income per acre added 371-392¥; the average income of tobacco increased from 10.49 to 10.87 ¥ per kilograms .
Mechanism of the Improvement in Microcrystalline Silicon Solar Cells by Hydrogen Plasma Treatment
Authors: Li Jing Yan , Zeng Xiang Bo , Li Hao , Xie Xiao Bing , Yang Ping , Xiao Hai Bo , Zhang Xiao Dong , Wang Qi Ming
Published: September 2013

We explain the experimental improvement in long wavelength response by hydrogen plasma treatment (HPT) in n/i interface. The absorption coefficient of the intrinsic microcrystalline silicon (μc-Si) is decreased in the low energy region (0.8~1.0 eV) by HPT, which indicates a lower defect density in μc-Si layer deposited with HPT than its counterpart without HPT. Simulation by one-dimensional device simulation program for the Analysis of Microelectronic and Photonic Structures (AMPS-1D) shows a higher long wavelength response in μc-Si solar cell if the defect density in intrinsic μc-Si layer is smaller. Our simulation results also disclose that the less defect density in intrinsic layer, the lower recombination rate and the higher electric field is. Higher electric field results in longer drift length which will promote collection of carriers generated by photons with long wavelength. Thus we deduce that HPT decreased defect density in absorber layer and improved the performance of μc-Si solar cells in long wavelength response.
Sectional Data Acquisition and Control System for Solar Street Lamps Based on Internet of Things
Authors: Zhou Juan , Chen Bing Yan , Zhang Meng Ni , Tang Ying Ying
Published: September 2013

Aiming at the management problem of real-time data created while intelligent solar street lamps working, sectional data acquisition and control system based on internet of things is introduced in the paper. Communication protocol with unified form and flexible function is designed in the system, and communication address is composed of sectional address and subsection address. Three-level data structure is built in the polling algorithm to trace real-time state of lamps and to detect malfunction in time, which is suitable for sectional lamps management characteristics. The system reflects necessary statistic data and exception information to remote control centre through GPRS to short interval expend on transmission and procession and save network flow and system energy. The result shows the system brings improved management affection and accords with the idea of energy-saving and environmental protection.
The Effect of Geometry of Outlet Channel of Nozzle Box on Solid Particle Erosion
Authors: Zhang Li , Zheng Yu Ting
Published: September 2013

On the base of the original geometry of the outlet channel of nozzle box, four different geometry of the outlet channel were constructed. Using the Euler-Lagrange method, the flow characteristics of solid particles in the five different channels were numerical simulated. The particle trajectories and the erosion regions were discussed. The analysis showed that the different geometry of the outlet channel would effect the particle erosion in the channel and the stator of the control stage.
The Analysis and Application on the Typhoon-Induced Vibration Control of the Wind Turbine with a Pendulum Damper
Authors: Li Jing , Chen Jian Yun , Chen Xiao Bo
Published: September 2013

As a kind of high-rise structure, the offshore wind turbine is sensitive to wind load; it can generate strong dynamic responses to the excitation of typhoon. In this paper, a three-dimensional finite element model of offshore wind turbine is established with ADINA, responses under strong wind excitation are numerically simulated and performed subsequently. The fluctuating wind velocity time series are simulated by the method of HSM (harmony superposition method). Based on the modal and tine-history analyses of the structures together with self-vibration character, the pendulum damper is employed to control the resulting undesirable vibrations that are induced by wind. With the damper installed, the displacement and acceleration of the tower are reduced by as much as 40% using 1% of the total effective mass.
The Study on Coordinated Control Strategy for Micro-Grid Containing Various Distributed Generators
Authors: Wang Shuang Hu , Wu Yong Yi , Zhao Hui Jun , Yang Yu Feng
Published: September 2013

According to external dual power line supply and the grid-connected and islanded operating modes of micro-grid and the changeover among them, a control strategy of micro-grid with different kinds of DG (Distributed Generation) is proposed. It monitors the operating states of both micro-grid and power network and provides the unified coordinating control by the controller of micro-grid. In grid-connected mode, all kinds of DG work in constant power mode (P-Q mode) to generate power output for load. In islanded mode, energy storage system works in constant voltage-frequency mode (V-f mode), which is selected as the master power for supporting the voltage and frequency in micro-grid. And the rest works in P-Q mode. The application at one smart community in Shanghai proved its feasibility. The proposed strategy keeps the stable operation of micro-grid and implements the seamless transition between two operating modes by synchronizing device in grid-connected point.
The Artificial Neural Network On-Line Monitoring Model of Boiler Efficiency
Authors: Dai Xin , Yang Bin , Zhong Ya Feng , Guo Yong Hong
Published: September 2013

When adjusting the borler combustion, the borler efficiency need to be constantly monitored.The traditional method of calculating boiler efficiency is complex.Based on the heat balance method,the main factors of influencing boiler efficiency was analysed deeply and the artificial neural network on-line monitoring model of boiler efficiency was established to predict boiler efficiency accurately and constantly in this paper. After precise analysis and tracking, the input variable for the artificial neural network on-line monitoring model of boiler efficiency was selected, so as to avoid larger error caused by the rough selection of input variable in the previous artificial neural network. At last,based on a 600MW boiler,the borler efficiency was predicted in this paper.we can easily know from the prediction result that the artificial neural network on-line monitoring model of boiler efficiency can predict the boiler efficiency accurately and constantly at a wide range condition.
Research on Dynamic Conducted EMI Characteristics of Electric Drive System in Electric Vehicles
Authors: Guo Yan Jie , Wang Li Fang , Liao Cheng Lin
Published: September 2013

This paper represents the conducted electromagnetic interference (EMI) characteristics of the electric drive system in electric vehicles, based on the typical vehicle driving circles. Firstly, the typical vehicle driving circles are introduced, such as Economic Commission of Europe-15 (ECE-15), Extra Urban Driving Cycle (EUDC) and so on. Also, the relationships between motor speed, torque and vehicle speed are calculated according to the mechanical properties of the vehicle. Then, the simulation and experiment platforms are established considering the motor speed and torque as reference inputs. Finally, the dynamic EMI of power electronics device switching processes, system dynamic differential mode (DM) and common mode (CM) EMI are analyzed through the simulation and experiment results.
Effects of Rotational Speed of Driver Roll on Hot Ring Rolling of 6061 Aluminum Alloy by 3D FE Simulation
Authors: Li Lian Jie , Luo Xiao Dong , Zhu Yong Xiang
Published: September 2013

In this paper, a 3D elastic-plastic and coupled thermo-mechanical FE model of radial ring rolling of 6061 aluminum alloy is developed, and the hot rolling process with different the rotational speed of driver roll n is simulated by using the dynamic explicit code ABAQUS/Explicit. The influence laws of the rotational speed of driver roll on the uniformity of strain and temperature distribution (STD), fishtail coefficient, roll force, contact area and roll moment are revealed respectively. One optimum n is obtained, under which SDT is relatively uniform; meanwhile, another optimum n is obtained, under which the quality of end-plane of the rolled ring is the best. The result can provide a valuable guideline to research and optimum of the hot ring rolling of aluminum alloys.
The Expression of HIF-L a and VEGF in Endochondral Ossification Processes
Authors: Song Wang , Xing Jin
Published: September 2013

Objective To investigate the expression of HIF-la in entochondrostosis,and to study its role in the process of vascular intrusion.Methods The morphology change in rats femoral bone development were observed using HE staining method.The protein expression Of HIF-Ia and VEGF in femoral bone was detected by immunohistochemistry,and the mRNA expression of HIF-Ia and VEGF was detected by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) method.Results: Many cartilage cells were seen in femoral bone at the 1st day after the birth;many vessels began to invade at the 7th dayfat the 13th day,the cartilage matrix began to calcification,vessels and cartilage cells were reduced.The protein expression of HIF-la and VEGF was increased at the 7th daywhile decreased at the 13th day.The mRNA expression of HIF-la and VEGF went up to the maximum at 7th day the time,and then decreased.Conclusion During femoral bone development,hypoxia may induce HIF-I expression,then activates its downstream gene VEGF expression,which would induce the intrusion of exogenous vascular.Promote endochondral osteogenesis.
Research on Crack Propagation Life of LD2 Aluminum Alloy Material in Corrosive Environment
Authors: Wang Shuo , Cui Xu , Wang Wei , Li Wei , Ma Yu Chao
Published: September 2013

This document describe accelerated corrosion test and fatigue test for the LD2 aluminum alloy test specimen, the research object is a LD2 aluminum alloy test-piece which has crack in the corrosion pit, the crack initiation life in the area of Corrosion pit has been defined, the influence of the Corrosion on the crack initiation life in corrosion pit area has been researched. Finally, the simulation of crack propagation for the LD2 aluminum alloy test-piece has been made. By comparing, the result of simulation is more conservative than the actual test value.
Preparation and Corrosion Behavior of Environment Friendly Conversion Coating Formed on Zn-5%Al Galvanized Steel
Authors: Zhou Wan Qiu , Wang Jian , Sheng Li , Kang Yan Hong , Xin Shi Gang , Wu Shi Wei
Published: September 2013

A non-chromate conversion coating was prepared from molybdate based bath on the surface of Zn-5%Al hot dip galvanized steel. The influence of the preparation conditions such as temperature, bath pH and treating time on the corrosion resistance of the obtained conversion coating was investigated. The corrosion performance of the film was researched using electrochemical technique in 3.5%NaCl. The results indicate that the anodic branch of the polarization curves present in passivation character. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) illustrate that the radius of the capacity impedance for conversion coating varies distinctly according to the preparation condition. The surface morphology was observed using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and the results show that the surface of Zn-5%Al hot dip galvanized steel present in eutectic feature after conversion coating treatment. The chemical composition of the coating was detected by energy dispersive X-ray (EDX), and the results illustrate that the conversion coating is composed of Zn, Al , O, P and Mo.
New Building Material - The Development and Application of Recombinant Bamboo
Authors: Liu Shi Mei , Liu Jin Sheng
Published: September 2013

The Article through comparing commonly materials in civil construction, analyze the application prospects of New Building Material-- Recombinant bamboo. After counting experiment dates, at the part of Recombinant bamboo’s properties of material and mechanical, construction technology and production efficiency conversion, the article put forward the feasibility and necessity of the development of Recombinant bamboo building materials in southern China.
Poly(Acrylic Acid)/Bentonite Composites for Removing High Concentration of Methylene Blue
Authors: Wang Yan , He Yu Feng , Zhang Ling , Li Rong , Wang Li , Wang Rong Min
Published: September 2013

The poly (acrylic acid)/Bentonite composites (PAA/Bent) was prepared by in-situ polymerization. The structure of PAA/Bent was characterized by FT-IR, XRD and SEM, which indicated that AA intercalated into the interlayers of bentonite, and composite was formed between Bent and PAA. The PAA/Bent was used as a polymer adsorbent to remove methylene blue, a typical cationic dyes. Some important influencing factors on removing MB by PAA/Bent were investigated. The optimum adsorption conditions were obtained as following: the PAA/Bent dosage is 0.08 g, contacting 20 min at room temperature (25 °C), the pH value had little effect on MB adsorption, PAA/Bent can be used to treat wastewater with a broad range of pH value. The removal ratio of MB got to 99.4 %, and the adsorption capacity was 310.7 mgg-1. The removal mechanism is also investigated. It was charge neutralization and physical adsorption. In summary, the results indicated that PAA/Bent is an effective adsorbent and can be used to treat high concentration of MB wastewater.
Longitudinal Shear Modulus of Honeycomb Cores Based on Shear-Compressive Model
Authors: Pan Shi Dong , Zhou Zhen Gong , Wu Lin Zhi
Published: September 2013

The deformation mechanism of unit cell wall is investigated by use of FEM, and the numerical simulation results show that the predominant deformations consist of shear deformation and compressive deformation. One new model based the shear deformation and the compressive deformation is put forward to investigate the longitudinal shear modulus of honeycomb cores. Owing to taking skin effect into consideration in our model, it is found that the equivalent shear modulus depends on not only the material properties and configuration parameters of cores, but also the material properties and configuration parameters of facesheets.
Fabrication of Hollow (Ni0.8Co0.1Mn0.1) [Ozgur, 2010 #912]Oy Spheres by Ultrasonic Spray Pyrolysis Method
Authors: Tang Kun , Chen Qing Lin , Rong Bao Hua , Liu Xue Wen , Yang Hua Zhen , Wu Xing Yun , Lu Yan Wen , Shen Fei , Tang Yue Feng , Chen Yan Feng
Published: September 2013

Hollow (Ni0.8Co0.1Mn0.1)Oy spheres were fabricated with ultrasonic spray pyrolysis method. Particle morphology of (Ni0.8Co0.1Mn0.1)Oy was carefully controlled by regulating the concentration of the solution containing mixed sulfates and reaction temperature. Lower solution concentration contributes to cracked hollow structure and higher temperature leads to lager particle size. Crystal phase of precursors was characterized by XRD. Morphology and microstructures of (Ni0.8Co0.1Mn0.1)Oy were observed by SEM and TEM. The results of ultrasonic atomization process show promise properties requirement for commercial applications.
Quantum Confinement Stark Effect of Different Gainnas Quantum Well Structures
Authors: Qiu Ying Ning , Lu Wei Sheng , Calvez Stephane
Published: September 2013

The quantum confinement Stark effect of three types of GaInNAs quantum wells, namely single square quantum well, stepped quantum wells and coupled quantum wells, is investigated using the band anti-crossing model. The comparison between experimental observation and modeling result validate the modeling process. The effects of the external electric field and localized N states on the quantized energy shifts of these three structures are compared and analyzed. The external electric field applied to the QW not only changes the potential profile but also modulates the localized N states, which causes band gap energy shifts and increase of electron effective mass.
P-Doped SiO2 Proton Conducting Films for Low Voltage Thin Film Transistors
Authors: Guo Li Qiang , Guo Zhao Jun , Yang Yuan Yuan , Zhou Ju Mei
Published: September 2013

P-doped SiO2 were prepared by PECVD and one metal shadow mask self-assembled method was used for fabricating oxide thin film transistors gated by such proton conductors. Proton conduction of these films was demonstrated and electrical characteristics of oxide thin film transistors gated by such proton conductors were discussed. Due to excellent proton conduction and big capacitance density, oxide thin film transistors gated by such proton conductors have obtained excellent performances with mobility of 48.39 cm2/Vs, threshold voltage of-0.36 V, subthreshold swing of 0.13 V/decade, Ion/off ratio of 3.2×106 with the relative humidity of 30% at the room temperature.
Low-Temperature Sintering Study of Ceramics Based on Multiple Regression Analysis
Authors: Zhou Yong Zheng , Wu Han Jun , Yu Qìng
Published: September 2013

In this paper, we use the multiple regression analysis to study the formula of the ordinary ceramics for daily use, and discuss lowering the sintering temperature in the ceramic production process, appropriate to reduce the amount of flux material, thereby reducing the barren material to ensure good formability of the ceramic products.
LiFePO4/C Cathode Materials Prepared by One-Step Fast Carbothermal Method Using Fe2O3 as Raw Materials
Authors: Rong Bao Hua , Lu Yan Wen , Chen Qing Lin , Tang Kun , Liu Xue Wen , Yang Hua Zhen , Wu Xing Yun , Shen Fei , Tang Yue Feng , Chen Yan Feng
Published: September 2013

LiFePO4/C was successfully synthesized by one-step solid-state reaction using Fe2O3, LiH2PO4 and sucrose as raw materials. The effect of synthesis temperature and sintering atmosphere on the electrochemical performance were investigated. LiFePO4/C materials were characterized by differential scanning calorimetry and thermogravimetry, X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy and XPS. The results show that the synthesis temperature between 750 °C and 800 °C were appropriate and the reductive ambience can enhance the electrochemical performance effectively especially at high rates. The precursor calcined at 750°C for 5h in a N2+5%H2 atmosphere exhibited the highest discharge capacity of 155 mAh/g at 0.1C and 141 mAh/g at 1C and showed the best cycle performance.
Research on Coal-Formed Gas Reservoir Combined Qualitative and Quantitative Methods
Authors: Wu Zong Tao , Tang Shu Heng
Published: September 2013

At present, coal is still the primacy of China's energy structure, and this situation will not change in a short time. Coal-formed Gas Reservoir quality and the predicting method have also become one of the urgent needs to address the issue of energy exploration, but the lateral variation of the coal-formed gas reservoir is a common geological phenomenon in the coal mine, if the prediction error is too large, it will greatly impact on the production of coal mine. Especially in the area where has complex structure characteristics, the reservoirs are impacted by structural changes, the reservoir predicting become the most important job and the most difficult job. This paper take the example of DaCheng, the research carried out the sedimentary reservoir characteristics, the coal body structure, the coal thickness, the heterogeneity of the coal seams and collapse columns of coal reservoir, and then reservoir fine evaluation was done combined Micro and Macro, Qualitative and Quantitative methods.
Bending Strength and Effective Modules of Songhua River Ice
Authors: Zhang Lian Zhen
Published: September 2013

River ice exists in the most countries and regions and brings much damage to the structures in the river. However, the mechanical properties of the river ice are still unclear. In the present study, over 150 specimens of river ice taken from Songhua River of China have been investigated using the MTS machine to measure the flexural strength and the effective modules at various test temperature and strain rate. The test temperature was set at three different point (-5°C,-10°C,-20°C), the strain rate was set at the range from 3.33E-5/S to 3.33E-3/S. The test results show that the flexural strength of river ice depends on the temperature and strain rate. It increases with the decreasing test temperature. The flexural strength of river ice changes at the various strain rate, however, it is non-monotonic. The variation curve looks like a inversed "W" shape. Under flexural loading condition, the effective modules of Songhua River ice is about 0.568~0.825GPa. And The modules of river ice increases with the increasing of the strain rate. The effective modules of river ice also increases with the decreasing of the test temperature slightly.
Study on Water Saving Technology of Water Ecological Construction in Shaoxing
Authors: Xu Dong Ying , Chen Guo Dong
Published: September 2013

The government of Shaoxing in response to the call of country, implemented sustainable development policy, promulgating green ecological water saving construction. Shaoxing ecological building water-saving technology was mainly divided into four parts, including the use of local advantages to collect rain water for reuse, using new water-saving equipment and water-saving water apparatus, making full use of solar energy and municipal pipe pressure, city water reuse and so on several aspects. The technology has been obtained the practical application, the water supply and drainage system efficiently, thereby reducing water consumption, good energy saving and water saving benefit.
Exploration of Ecological Design Strategies and Technologies for the Floating Residences on Sea - A Case Study in the Xiapu Region of China
Authors: Yang Zhi Xiong , Liu Yu , Zhu Yan Di
Published: September 2013

With fast developing of economy and increasing shortage of resources, building conservation-type of societies and developing sustainable buildings become more and more necessary. With this background in mind, this paper investigates and discusses the ecological design of residence in the traditional offshore fishing villages in the coastal areas of southeast China. Taking Xiapu region in Fujian province as a case for the study, this paper first introduces the background of traditional fishing villages and fishermans floating houses at the region. Then, it discusses the advantages and disadvantages of such houses from design and utilization aspects. Finally, it explores and develops some specific strategies and technologies for the ecological design of new floating residence in the researched region, which can better accommodate local fishermens new needs of living, fish farming and leisure activities.
Soil Nutrients and Grain Yield Performance in Spring Wheat (Triticum aestivum) as Influenced by Regulated Deficit Irrigation
Authors: Zhang Heng Jia , Li Jun Hui
Published: September 2013

A field trial was conducted in 2007 and 2008 to investigate the difference in soil nutrients and grain yield of spring wheat (Triticum aestivum) as influenced by regulated deficit irrigation (RDI) in an arid area. Three RDI treatments and a no-water-deficit control (CK) were designed to subject wheat to various degrees of soil water deficit at different crop developmental stages. Significant differences (p<0.05) occurred in soil organic matter (SOM) and soil available potassium (SAK) contents in both growing seasons, but no difference (p>0.05) occurred among the RDI treatments. Meanwhile, no differences were found in soil total nitrogen (STN) and soil total phosphorus (STP) contents among the treatments and CK. SOM content was improved by 6.2% to 7.2% in RDI treatments than in the CK over the two growing seasons, while the STN, STP, and SAK contents were increased by 1.2% to 2.5%, 1.4% to 5.6%, and 9.0% to 11.2%, respectiely. The STP (t=10.900, p<0.001), soil available phosphorus (SAP, t=8.894, p<0.001), and SAK (t=11.706, p<0.001) contents in 0~40 cm soil layer at wheat harvest were significantly lower in 2008 than in 2007, while the SOM (t=-2.513, p<0.05) and STN (t=-9.950, p<0.001) contents were significantly higher in 2008. Soil organic C, STN, and SAP balance was greatly influenced by RDI in two growing seasons. Compared to the no-water-deficit control, grain yields over the two years were respectively improved by 16.5% to 24.9% in RDI plots.The relationship between grain yield and the soil nutrients was described as y=15843.4 +713.3SOM-20989.1STN+38.7SAN-15.0SAP-39.7SAK (R2=1, p<0.001).
Accumulation and Environmental Risk on Heavy Metal Pollution in Bottom Sediments of Surface Waters in Xiao Qinling Gold Mine Belt, China
Authors: Liu Rui Ping , Xu You Ning , Zhang Jiang Hua , Chen Hua Qing , Fang He , Li Xian , Ke Hai Ling , Qiao Gang
Published: September 2013

Heavy metals accumulation in river sediments can reflect the environmental quality of river waters. Its of practical significance to study the accumulation level of heavy metals in river sediments and its environmental risk. this thesis study on the heavy metals accumulation in river sediments of three typical river of Xiao qinling gold mine area, and the results showed that the mercury, lead , zine, cadmium and copper elements are characteristic contaminations, respectively. In Shuangqiao river, the average values of mercury, lead , copper and zine were 94·72, 25.34, 3388.67, 376.77 and 675.90 mg·kg-1, the five elements show the larger variety in tong river and Shuangqiao river than the oher five rivers. respectively. The environmental risk assessment by using geoaccumulation index (Igeo) indicated that these seven rivers a high-very high rank environmental risk of heavy metals accumulation in river sediments, the environmental risk probability orders of seven river sediments is Tong river > Shuangqiao river> Xijian river > Yiluo river> Sha river > Zaoxiang river> Yangping river . and there was highest environmental risk in Eolian loess area. So There are the probability of achieving higher risk than now if local government wouldnt Adopt effectively manage measure river to rivers.
The Analysis of Stability of Inter-Regional Water Resource Redistribution
Authors: Jiao Shu Hao
Published: September 2013

Accurate prediction of future water distribution using available assessment data is crucial for every country to construct water conveyance projects and formulate strategies to redistribute national water resources .This paper proposes how to use Markov model to test whether the inter-regions which are short of water resource compared to their needs of water resource .The water resource is transited from water-rich areas to water-deficient areas to solve this problem .We hope the water resource in each region reaches a stable level when the water redistribution process and the transition matrix is used to test the stability .We consider the transition process as a Markov process, to analysis and calculate the limiting water production distribution .Also ,This paper propose a condition when stable limiting water distribution exists.
Theoretical Analysis about Boiler Retrofit to Burn CWS
Authors: Zhao Zhong Xia , Lv Wei , Qi Chong , Li Rui Yang , Cheng Chao
Published: September 2013

In this paper, the test fuel is organic waste water slurry, which can be mixed to by organic waste water and pulverized coal. The organic waste water comes from chamfor Papermaking Company of Jiangsu province. Theoretically, we introduce the structure retrofit of the 75t/h Circulating Fluidized Bed Boiler of chamfor Papermaking Company in detail. It is the first industrial application that coal organic waste water as fuel to burn in circulating fluidized bed boiler in China. To get more reasonable boiler structure transformation scheme and more accurate data, we need carry lots of experiments.
Analysis Degradation Effect of Aniline Wastewater by Ultrasound
Authors: Bi Yong Guang , Huang Min Xia
Published: September 2013

aniline solution for the study, the effects of ultrasonic time, reaction factors such as temperature, ultrasonic power, and the pH of its ultrasonic degradation rate. Experimental results show that: as time increases, the ultrasonic degradation rate of aniline also rise, When the ultrasound the irradiation time 80min, aniline degradation rate reached 89.3%, 90min when the degradation rate of 92.1%, the degradation rate of aniline with decreases with the rise of the temperature of the solution, more than 40°C the degradation rate decreased significantly. Aniline degradation rate increased with the initial solution pH value increases, indicating that the alkaline conditions are favorable for degradation of aniline solution. Relative to the traditional method, the method is fast, simple, degradation rate, etc..
Full Life-Cycle Analysis of Electric Power Enterprise Device Management
Authors: Tang Li Zhi , Bai Bao Hua , Xu Kun Peng
Published: September 2013

ntroduction of full life-cycle cost theory based on the current power enterprise device management status, and build its accounting model, analysis of the main factors to affect the life cycle cost of the equipment from the four aspects of the design mechanism, tender, maintenance, basic database and proposes the application of full-theory of life cycle costs for equipment management suggestions.
Research on Risk Assessment of the Power System Operation Safe
Authors: Zhao Si Hua
Published: September 2013

In the current power system scale, complex structure of the power market reform and the new situations, using the deterministic safety standards to describe the security of the power system in power market, already did not adapt the need for safety and economical operation of power system. Evaluation of power system operation risk based on risk consequences for failure probability may occur in the operation of power system and its severity, the comprehensive evaluation system of the risk, and operation of the quantization system for a risk index. This paper first introduces the basic theory of operation risk assessment of power system, research results summarized domestic electricity workers in this field, the research contents and methods, and discusses its application status and development trend, laid the foundation for the further research of power system operation and safety risk assessment.
Cutting Force Analysis in Micro Milling of Steel
Authors: Wu Bing , Li Huai Zhong
Published: September 2013

An analysis of cutting force performance in the micro milling on steel has been carried out based on an experimental work using micro flat end mills on a precision CNC machine tool. It has been found that cutting forces occurred at low feed per tooth are relatively high by assessing the averaged peak forces from the experiments. When feed per tooth is relatively close to tool edge radius, the forces were not growing in linearity with the increasing feedrate. This finding indicates the significance of ploughing phenomenon as an effect of tool edge radius in micro milling.
Analysis of Flexibility and Stability of Crane Telescopic Boom with Elastic Restraint and Second-Order Effect
Authors: Du Liang , Lu Nian Li , Lan Peng
Published: September 2013

The cylinder support crane telescopic booms deformation and stability analysis model in the lifting plane is equivalent with the multistep column with elastic restraint. To analyze the lateral flexibility and vertical stability of the telescopic booms with elastic restraint accurately, this paper established the deflection differential equations of multi-sectioned telescopic booms with second-order effect, introduced proper boundary conditions, obtained the precise recurrence lateral deflection differential equations and the buckling characteristic equations of arbitrary sectioned telescopic booms, and some practical applications of the buckling characteristic equations were presented. Took certain five-sectioned telescopic booms as example, by comparing the results with ANSYS method, the accuracy of the equations deduced in this paper was verified.
Application of Cutting Fluids with Ultrasonic Treatment in Metal Cutting
Authors: Zhang Yue , Zhang Xi Chuan , Liu Zhong Ren , Ma Yu Qiang
Published: September 2013

For investigating the effect of ultrasonic treatment on the cooling and lubricating action of cutting fluid, an ultrasonic treatment system of emulsion fluid was developed to be used in cutting experiments. And the comparison experiments were carried out with YT15 tool turning 45 steel, under the conditions of dry cutting, fluid and ultrasonic treatment fluid. The results show that as ultrasonic treatment one used cutting forces decrease about 10%-15% and 5%-10% to dry cutting and fluid; the cutting deformation coefficients reduce too; and the machined surfaces are enhanced. Therefore, the cooling and lubricating performances of the fluid are improved by ultrasonic treatment. As a result, the using quantity of emulsion fluid would reduce indirectly, and this help to energy saving and emission reducing.
Mechanism Analysis of Magnetic Control High-Speed Welding Undercuts Disappear
Authors: Lu Lin , Chang Yun Long , Li Ying Min , Gao Feng
Published: September 2013

Direction of flow of the liquid metal in the weld pool have important implications for weld. The liquid metal to weld edges near the point of internal flow in molten pool and the undercut could emerge when the liquid metal was freezing, by contrast, is not prone to undercut. The external magnetic fields could change the distance of surface tension of liquid metal, which may lead to the change of flow direction of molten pool. Article compares the different magnetic field under the condition of weld cross section of the timing of the welding arc. Results show that magnetic arc anode spots, TIG welding arc anode spot diameter greater than when there is no magnetic field effectively effective diameter, which will help reduce the undercut.
Research on Technology Test of 304 Stainless Steel Super Long Deep-Hole Drilling
Authors: Liu Zhan Feng , Xu Meng
Published: September 2013

In this paper, through the analysis of 304 stainless steel to elaborate the influence of various factors in the process of drilling from the blade material,tool geometry parameters,cutting parameters and drilling methods.It is proved by selecting reasonable processing, cutting tools and cutting parameters (Φ50mm × 4700mm) 304 stainless steel parts of the drilling process issues can be resolved.
The Research of Pick Cutting Performance Based on the Fake Rock Wall of the Roadheader Experiment Station
Authors: Liu Yi , Fu Jia Xing , Zhang Ying Ying , Gao Yang
Published: September 2013

In order to perfect the theory of coal mine tunnel heavy roadheader experimental system, this paper takes the different function samplings of the experimental station module fake rock wall,by the cutting performance research on the fake rock wall of the roadheader experiment station with pick,finding the pick strength characteristics under cutting the different hard rock walls. In the course of cutting, the actual external load is difficult to obtain and the load characteristics can not correctly grasp. Therefore, this paper establish flexible pick entity model with LS-DYNA, and build the constitutive model of the rock wall on the base of SMOOTHED PARTICLE HYDRODYNAMICS (SPH) METHOD. By simulating the cutting process under three kinds hard rock wall (they are shown in competent coefficient f), we obtain pick carbide tip stress variation and their statistical value. The simulation results show: Pick carbide tip stress concentration is more serious. When f is between 8 and 13, corresponding to the maximum stress value is between 365MPa and 625MPa.And that satisfies the strength requirement. The breakdown is caused by fatigue failure. The conclusion provides a theoretical basis for studying pick breakdown and improving service life.
The Effect of Nanometer Polysilicon Material on Properties of Wax-Diesel Oil Systems
Authors: Sun Ren Yuan , Fan Kun Kun , Wang Lei , Huang Xiao Meng , Sun Chao
Published: September 2013

The effect of nanometer polysilicon material (NMPM) on properties of wax-diesel oil systems was experimentally studied. The particle size distribution of NMPM-diesel oil, wax-diesel oil system and wax-NMPM-diesel oil system were measured by laser scattering method. The viscosity of wax-diesel oil system was compared with that of systems with NMPM addition. A new wax growth and dispersion model was built up to analyze the mechanism for wax solubility increasing and size changing. Experiments show that the solubility of wax increases with the increase of temperature and the NMPM concentration in the wax-diesel oil system. The average particle diameter of NMPM-wax-diesel oil system is larger than that of wax-diesel oil system. The viscosity of wax-diesel oil system decreases with the NMPM addition.
Impact Behaviour of Woven Natural Silk Composite Face-Sheet Sandwiched Foam under Low Velocity Impact
Authors: Ude Albert U. , Ariffin Ahmad K. , Azhari Che H.
Published: September 2013

This paper describes the result of an experimental investigation on the impact damage on woven natural silk/epoxy composite face-sheet and PVC foam core sandwich panel. The test panels were prepared by hand-lay-up method. The low-velocity impact response of the composites sandwich panels is studied at three energy levels of 32, 48, and 64 joule respectively. The focus is to investigate damage initiation, damage propagation, and mechanisms of failure. It was observed that absorption energy capability decreased as impact energy increased. There was deflection on each impact load configuration at some point but their margin was insignificant. Physical examination of the specimen show that damage areas increased with increase in impact load. The novelty of this research is the use of woven natural silk fabric as a reinforcement fibre.
A Method of Evaluating Carton Black's Dispersion Based on Standard Images
Authors: Wang Xiao Bo , Wang Chuan Sheng
Published: September 2013

Quantitative evaluation of carton black’s dispersion is useful for researching the influence of every kind of mixing procedure on carton black’s dispersion and the relationship between carton black’s dispersion and rubber’s property. Though analyzing standard images, the rule was found that the total number of carton black in rubber image changed smaller with the improvement of dispersion level. Combined with divided feature regions, the evaluation model of carton black’s dispersion was built on the basis of the total number of carton black in rubber image. The result of the evaluation describes the tendency of carton black’s size in the process of mixing and shows the distribution of carton black’s size.
Research on the Strands Fracture Caused by Poor Compression in the Strain Clamp
Authors: Dou Hong , Wu Hong Liang , Zhu Cheng Li , Dou Zi Rui , Li Xiao Hong
Published: September 2013

Poor compression in the strain clamp often makes the strands overheat and fracture. There exists a certain gap between conductors and the strain clamp if the strain clamp is compressed poorly. The ashes, oxide, corrosion and abrasion tend to gather and scale in the gap, forming scale layers of high resistivity. As the exposure time increases, the layers expand and thicken, which causes the worsening of conductive properties of current and heat, and leads to abnormal temperature elevation, the degradation of microstructure and properties and strands fracture at last. In consideration of this kind of strands fracture phenomenon and through FEM, non-uniform temperature field influenced by scale layer in the clamp has been analyzed and the quantitative relationship between the scale layer, peak temperature and current has been obtained. The results of material experiments show that the strands vary from each other in the roundness of shear lips. Serious erosion is found on the surface of outer Al (aluminum) strands attaching to the clamp, while there is almost no erosion mark on the surface attaching to inner Al strands. Erosion spots in Al strands surface attaching to the scale layer are the deepest, and each erosion pit is large and some of which have even developed into plaques. The interacting deterioration of scale and temperature causes the Al strands attaching to the scale layer to fail and then led to fracture-temperature domino effect of other strands. The longitudinal fibrous microstructure of steel strands disappeared as the temperature rose. The plasticity of strands increased after recovery and recrystallization. The rapid degradation of mechanics properties resulted in the drop accident of conductors.
The Three-Dimensional Modeling Method of the Deformed Flexspline with Involute Tooth Profiles
Authors: Xin Hong Bing , Mo Han Ning , Liu Long , Wang Wen Jing , Cui Deng Qi , Gao Jian Cheng , Wang Tan , Xin Yue Fei
Published: September 2013

This paper is focused on the micro harmonic drive with a planet type wave generator in which flexspline consists of internal and external gear rings. The mathematical relationship between the coordinates of the points on the tooth profile of the deformed flexspline and that of the undeformed flexspline is derived by carrying on the coordinates transformation. According to this mathematical relationship, the coordinates of the points on the both sides of the tooth profile of every gear tooth of the one forth of the internal and external gear rings of the deformed flexspline are solved with the use of the mathematical software, then the coordinates are imported into the software Pro/E, and connect in a correct order with spline curves, the two curves have been mirrored and extended to finish the 3D modeling of the deformed flespline. At last, the FEM analysis of the deformed flexspline has been carried out.
Improving of Manufacturing Systems in Slovak Industrial Enterprises
Authors: Horňáková Natália , Vidová Helena , Beluský Martin
Published: September 2013

The paper deals with the issues of Slovak industrial enterprises in the field of Logistics and Manufacturing. The authors describe theoretical possibilities of improving manufacturing systems through the use of Kaizen, Simulation and Optimization. Authors also present results of the survey, which was conducted in Slovak industrial enterprises. The last part of the paper shows practical examples of improving manufacturing systems using different methods. The main aim of the paper is to summarise theoretical knowledge for the improvement of manufacturing systems through Kaizen and Optimisation by Simulation, compare results of the survey in Slovak industrial enterprises and finally suggest new approaches for industrial enterprises to improve their manufacturing systems.
Manufacturing Resource Ontology Modeling Techniques Based on Carrier
Authors: Shang Xin , Liu Jing
Published: September 2013

Aimed at The key problem for manufacturing resource integration and retrieval of the networked manufacturing resources sharing and reuse, by analyzing the characteristics of the enterprise manufacturing resource and ontology,OWL ontology modeling method based on manufacturing resource carrier was proposed,manufacturing resource was integrated and index by modules; so, manufacturing resource was network reused and shared by carrier was evaluated and index, product development time was reduced, competitiveness was enhance. Finally, wrapper module of paper packaging machine as an example to proves the feasibility of the method.
Influence of Collapse Phenomenon on Unburned Pulverized Coal in the Lumpy Zone of COREX Melter Gasifier
Authors: Zhou Xiao Lei , Du Zhong Ning
Published: September 2013

A thermal model was established for the study about influence of collapse phenomenon on unburned pulverized coal in COREX melter gasifier. In the model, the ore was simulated by wax, the coke and lump coal were simulated by maize, UPC is simulated by pulverized coal. The results showed that too high blast temperature could lead to collapse in the model, and under normal or collapsing furnace state, UPC is dispersed or aggregated distribution in packed bed. According to this experimental results and the previous research results, the suggestions about COREX were given at last. Keywords: COREX melter gasifier; pulverized coal injection; unburned pulverized coal; physical experiment
Numerical Investigation Based on Orthogonal Design of Structural Parameters on Large-Diameter DTH Hammer Bit
Authors: Zhao Zhi Qiang , Li Li Jia , Bo Kun , He Xu Sheng , Chai Jun Feng
Published: September 2013

To achieve cutting transport with air reverse circulation in dry and shallow large-diameter holes of rock-socketed pile, and to solve the technical problem with airlift and pump reverse circulation, a large-diameter reverse circulation bit innovatively designed based on ejecting. Meanwhile, the orthogonal design method applied to explore the application feasibility of ejector theory in use of in air reverse circulation drilling. Through theory analysis, three key geometry parameters of air reverse circulation bit have proved to have direct affect on the function of cutting transport, including the diameter of nozzles (Dn), the number of nozzles (N), the angle of inclination (θs). The results have shown that reverse circulation effect of large-diameter bit designed based on ejecting is valid and stable. Further while the air volume of GQF-16 hammer bit goes to 90m3/min, a configuration of parameters with Dn=20mm, N=3, θs=35°are the most ideal parameter combinations.
Winter Jujubes Automatic Sorting Equipment Based on Photocell
Authors: Qin Guang Jiu , Li Teng Fei , Yu Fu Sheng , Yin Sheng Jiang , Sun Zhong Guo
Published: September 2013

Combining optical-electric separation with mechanical separation, winter jujubes are successfully separated by the characters of unripeness, ripeness and the size of it. When jujubes are sent into a box that holds jujubes, motor drives belt and jujube pallet to carry jujubes on the photoelectric separator. The separator is designed based on photocell. Effective control of electromagnet is achieved by photoelectric sensor which is consisted of red LED, power amplifier and MCU. Then winter jujubes are separated through the characters of ripeness and unripeness. Mechanical separation is accomplished by leakage pipe for jujubes in the adaptor. So winter jujubes are separated through their size.