bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Mounier-Kuhn Syndrome in an Elderly Female with Pulmonary Fibrosis
Authors: Boglou Panagiotis , Papanas Nikolaos , Oikonomou Anastasia , Bakali Stamatia , Steiropoulos Paschalis
Published: August 2016

Mounier-Kuhn syndrome (MKS), or tracheobronchomegaly, is a rare clinical and radiologic condition characterized by pronounced tracheobronchial dilation and recurrent lower respiratory tract infections. Tracheobronchomegaly presents when the defect extends to the central bronchi. MKS can be diagnosed in adult women when the transverse and sagittal diameters of the trachea, right mainstem bronchus, and left mainstem bronchus exceed 21, 23, 19.8, and 17.4 mm, respectively. Its diagnosis is based on chest radiograph and chest computed tomography (CT). Patients, usually middle-aged men, may be asymptomatic or present with clinical manifestations ranging from minimal symptoms with preserved lung function to severe respiratory failure. Pulmonary function tests (PFTs) typically reveal a restrictive pattern. This report presents an elderly woman with previously diagnosed pulmonary fibrosis with symptoms of increased sputum production and haemoptysis. High-resolution chest CT showed tracheal and main stem bronchi dilatation along with bronchial diverticulosis. PFTs indicated a restrictive pattern characteristic of the underlying pulmonary fibrosis. The patient is the oldest, referred to the female gender, at presentation of MKS hitherto reported. This case highlights the need to include MKS in the differential diagnosis of recurrent lower respiratory tract infections, even in older subjects.
Two Sudden and Unexpected Deaths of Patients with Schizophrenia Associated with Intramuscular Injections of Antipsychotics and Practice Guidelines to Limit the Use of High Doses of Intramuscular Antipsychotics
Authors: Wahidi Nasratullah , Johnson Katie M. , Brenzel Allen , Leon Jose de
Published: August 2016

Intravenous haloperidol has been associated with torsades de pointes (TdP). These two sudden deaths were probable adverse drug reactions (ADRs) following intramuscular (IM) antipsychotics. The autopsies described lack of heart pathology and were highly compatible with the possibility of TdP in the absence of risk factors other than the accumulation of antipsychotics with a high serum peak after the last injection, leading to death within hours. The first case was a 27-year-old African-American male with schizophrenia but no medical issues. His death was probably caused by repeated IM haloperidol injections of 10 mg (totaling 35 mg in 2 days). The second case involves a 42-year-old African-American female with metabolic syndrome. Her probable cause of death was the last ziprasidone IM injection of 20 mg in addition to (1) three extra haloperidol doses (2 hours before the ziprasidone injection, 5 mg oral haloperidol; approximately 21 hours earlier, 5 mg oral haloperidol; and 2 days prior, one 10 mg IM haloperidol injection), (2) 10 mg/day of scheduled oral haloperidol for 6 days before death, and (3) a long-acting paliperidone injection of 156 mg 18 days before death. The study of haloperidol glucuronidation and its impairment in some African-Americans is urgently recommended.
Amar uma imagem
Authors: Cordeiro Marta
Published: August 2016

O artigo reflete acerca das motivações que levam os indivíduos a gostar das imagens. Parte da ideia de “ilusão” enquanto mecanismo que depende de uma aceitação consciente por parte dos indivíduos para, seguidamente, abordar a imagem enquanto entidade que permite a projeção e exteriorização dos desejos particulares dos espectadores. Utiliza exemplos oriundos da literatura, do teatro, das artes plásticas e do cinema e da argumentação que define a imagem como superfície e profundidade.
Fora do mapa, o mapa – performance na América Latina em dez anotações
Authors: Agra Lucio
Published: August 2016

O autor reconhece que desistiu de tentar fazer um “amplo panorama da performance latino-americana”. Confessa-se inábil para tal tarefa e desconfia de que se trata de uma missão impossível. Em contrapartida busca relacionar os motivos e as fontes que o fizeram chegar a essa conclusão. Contenta-se em iniciar uma polêmica, talvez muito difícil, em torno das razões porque uma forma de arte, que seria tão conatural ao Brasil, tem muito menos apreço aqui do que no resto do continente no qual o país se insere.
Entre George W. Bush e Obama: a relação dos EUA com o Islã e o mundo muçulmano
Authors: Finguerut Ariel
Published: August 2016

A proposta deste ensaio, e como tal tem caráter mais especulativo e reflexivo do que analítico e dedutivo, é discutir as relações entre EUA e o Islã/Mundo Muçulmano a partir de um recorte contemporâneo tendo como balizas o governo de George W. Bush (2000-2008) e Barack Hussein Obama (2009-2012) e como ponto de chegada as primeiras transformações da chamada Primavera Árabe que aqui serão sumariamente apresentadas a luz da percepção dos Estados Unidos. O objetivo desta trajetória ensaística é não só entender e apresentar diferenças e semelhanças entre os dois presidentes americanos como também discutir alguns conceitos e suas consequências políticas que nos ajudam nos estudos sobre as relações entre Ocidente e Mundo Muçulmano.
Um novo olhar sobre Hezbollah: o terrorismo frente ao reformismo socioeconômico do partido e à teoria da sociedade de resistência
Authors: Maia Natalia Nahas Carneiro
Published: August 2016

Os principais elementos de fortalecimento e popularidade do Hezbollah entre a população libanesa são a participação, pós Guerra-Civil, na política parlamentar (como representante dos xiitas - outrora excluídos) fornecendo serviços socioeconômicos e assistenciais; e, essencialmente, o combate à invasão israelense no sul do Líbano até 2000 e em 2006. Tendo como ponto de partida os estudos críticos do terrorismo, neste artigo verificaremos que não obstante a remanescente militarização do grupo, sua postura política é racional e pragmática, pautada nas demandas socioeconômicas internas da sociedade libanesa, na formação de um governo de unidade nacional, na resistência e na construção da autonomia do Líbano frente às potências atuantes na região. O grupo gerencia uma extensa rede de instituições que fornecem serviços de caráter socioeconômico, hospitalar, educacional, financeiro, habitacional, entre outros. A modalidade de nacionalismo islâmico promovida pelo Hezbollah carrega um caráter anti-sectário, autonomista e reformista, o que possibilita a construção de sua legitimidade e alta popularidade entre determinados setores da sociedade libanesa. As ações políticas, militares, religiosas e as instituições socioeconômicas organizadas em rede devem ser analisadas de maneira entrelaçada e holística, produzindo um conjunto de valores e significados que conferem identidade, senso de pertencimento e empoderamento às populações marginalizadas.
Imperialismo e guerra civil no mundo árabe: a tragédia síria: aporias e consequências da falta de intervir
Authors: Demant Peter
Published: August 2016

Segunda parte do artigo analisando a crise síria no contexto internacional, lida com a situação desde o levante popular anti-Assad e a decorrente guerra civil de 2011 até o começo de 2014, defendendo a posição de que apenas uma postura internacional muito mais pró-ativa poderia frear a violência e colocar as bases de um debate abrangente para repensar a convivência das várias comunidades, etnias e religiões. Entre os fatores que tornaram esta convivência mais complicada na Síria – Líbano e Iraque - do que em outras sociedades médio-orientais estão questões não-resolvidas de identidade coletiva. Uma ditadura modernizadora, essencialmente unipartidária de uma comunidade (alawita) sobre as demais, resultado das contradições internas entre as diversas comunidades, provocou, por fim, as demonstrações de 2011. Apesar das reivindicações para democratizar a estrutura política, a extrema heterogeneidade da sociedade síria não permitiu a unificação das oposições. Estas, fracas para começar, receberam pouco apoio externo (ocidental em particular), enquanto o regime se beneficiou da ajuda de Hizbullah, Irã, Rússia e de outros aliados. Paradoxalmente o uso de ADMs do regime de Assad contra civis sírios sepultou a possibilidade de uma intervenção internacional e acabou enfraquecendo as forças democráticas e/ou liberais a favor dos interesses do eixo xiita e de jihadistas sunitas. Em consequência a partir do fim de 2013, o caráter do conflito começou a se transformar de guerra civil em guerra aberta por “proxy” entre interesses sauditas, turcos e iranianos, entre outros. O artigo argumenta que o conflito não pode se resolver pelas próprias forças internas; tenta relativizar o papel do Estado numa solução; esboça alguns elementos de uma nova constituição democrática com fortes garantias para minorias; discute o dilema do papel do islã nela; e explica porque a solução do conflito sírio está vinculada à solução de outros conflitos no Oriente Médio.
Contra a limpeza étnica do povo palestino, memória e história
Authors: Matos Soraya Misleh de
Published: August 2016

Este artigo discorre sobre a história da Palestina como exemplo contemporâneo de construção ideológica que objetivou promover o memoricídio para fins de colonização e ocupação de terras. Autores mostram que houve um plano deliberado de limpeza étnica dos habitantes árabes nativos a partir de 1947 para a instituição de um estado homogêneo, exclusivamente judeu. A morte da memória dos palestinos encontra-se na base do pensamento sionista, tanto que deu origem a mitos, como o de “uma terra sem povo para um povo sem terra” e de que os imigrantes fariam do deserto um pomar. Lideranças desse movimento declararam abertamente que sua expectativa era do esquecimento. Aí se consolidou a tentativa de memoricídio. Todavia, os palestinos se recusaram a ser apagados do mapa e continuam a resistir, como se observa na nova ofensiva a Gaza, Palestina ocupada. Uma das formas tem sido narrar os acontecimentos que compõem sua tragédia. A memória tem sido importante elemento para a reconstituição histórica, fundamental para a reparação da injustiça e sedimentação de um caminho livre de opressão, ocupação de terras, expulsão e humilhação.
Desenhando o conflito Israel-Palestina: narrativas e representações em HQs
Authors: Rangel Patrícia
Published: August 2016

Este artigo é dedicado à reflexão sobre narrativas e representações do povo palestino em histórias em quadrinhos. Argumento que a arte sequencial pode servir como fonte de História e forma de questionar visões orientalistas. Como exemplo, apresentarei um projeto gráfico contra-hegemônico (Palestina, de Joe Sacco), em oposição a imagens eurocêntricas comuns em gibis tradicionais (como em Tintim, de Herge), sugerindo que a narrativa figurada é um poderoso instrumento político por contribuir para a transmissão geracional dos valores sociais.
With God on our Side
Authors: Paganelli Magno
Published: August 2016

Rooftop Productions (2010, 82”, USA) Dirigido por Porter Speakman Jr.
A complexidade da nação israelense
Authors: Abramovay Daniella Köhnen
Published: August 2016

RESENHA: MY PROMISED LAND: THE TRIUMPH AND TRAGEDY OF ISRAEL, DE ARI SHAVIT
Establishment of brown shrimp (Crangon crangon) in a newly colonized area
Authors: Jónsdóttir Ingibjörg G. , Jónasson Jónas P. , Guðmundsson Svavar Ö. , Puro Helena , Marteinsdóttir Guðrún , Gunnarsson Björn
Published: August 2016

The brown shrimp (Crangon crangon) is widely distributed in the coastal areas of the eastern Atlantic, but was only recently found in Icelandic waters. In this study, annual and seasonal changes in population abundance of brown shrimp southwest of Iceland were recorded from 2005 to 2014 in order to see whether the species has established itself in Icelandic waters. In general, the population grew in the beginning of the study period and seems to have somewhat stabilized in the past few years. The average density of shrimps each month rarely exceeded 200 individuals per 100 m2. The number of juveniles increased in July/August and again in February, indicating bi-annual spawning. The relative abundance of adults was significantly affected by both the number of juveniles of the previous summer and the sea surface temperature. Brown shrimp seem to have rapidly adapted to Icelandic waters and have become established and are highly successful in the newly colonized area.
A new species of Lepidocyrtus (Collembola, Entomobryidae) from the Börzsöny Mountains, Hungary
Authors: WINKLER DANIEL
Published: August 2016

The genus Lepidocyrtus was previously represented by 17 species in Hungary, including four species with locus typicus in this country. Opportunistic sampling in mid-mountain grassland and forest habitats resulted in records of several species from the L. lignorum group and allowed to describe the new species L. traseri sp. nov. The L. lignorum group, established and named after the eponymic species, is composed by a total of 11 species. The main characteristics shared by every species in this group are the dorsal body macrochaetotaxy R0R1R2/00/0101+3 and the presence of scales on the antennae and legs. The new species is close to L. lignorum (Fabricius, 1793) and L. violaceus (Geoffroy, 1762) but differs from them by the color pattern, number of interocular scales, type of labral papillae and the number of inner setae on the manubrial plate. An identification key is given for differentiating all species of this group.
Two new paratanaid Tanaidacea (Crustacea: Malacostraca: Peracarida) from the Hawaiian Islands, with illustrated taxonomic keys
Authors: MORALES-NÚÑEZ ANDRÉS G. , PELLETERI SARA , HEARD RICHARD W.
Published: August 2016

Two new tanaidomorphan tanaidaceans, Aparatanais hawaiensis, sp. nov. and Metatanais spinipropodus, sp. nov. represent the first members of the Family Paratanaidae to be described from the Hawaiian Islands. Aparatanais hawaiensis is distinguished from the other species of the genus by the setation of the antenna, maxilliped, chela, and pereopods. Metatanais spinipropodus is distinguished from the other three members of its genus by its chela having a strongly developed, chisel-like, spiniform seta on the inner face of propodus near the sub-distal margin of the fixed finger. The Hawaiian occurrence of M. spinipropodus extends the range for the genus Metatanais well-eastward into the mid-Pacific Ocean. This study presents the first description of a male attributable to the genus Aparatanais.
A new genus of katydid from the Amazon Rainforest (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae; Phaneropterinae; Steirodontini): Ninth contribution to the suprageneric organization of the Neotropical phaneropterines
Authors: CADENA-CASTAÑEDA OSCAR J. , MENDES DIEGO MATHEUS DE MELLO , ALVES-OLIVEIRA JOÃO RAFAEL
Published: August 2016

Emsleyfolium diasae n. gen. et n. sp., from the Brazilian, Colombian, Ecuadorian and Peruvian Amazon is described in this contribution. This new genus is morphologically very similar to Stilpnochlora, but is distinguished from the other Steirodiontini genera by its cone-head (similar to some genera of subfamily Conocephalinae, e.g. Neoconocephalus and Bucrates), modification of the tenth tergite into three lobes and absence of styles on subgenital plate. Thanatosis behavior is described as a defense mechanism.
Influence of Nonenzymatic Glycation in Dentinal Collagen on Dental Caries
Authors: Matsuda Y. , Miura J. , Shimizu M. , Aoki T. , Kubo M. , Fukushima S. , Hashimoto M. , Takeshige F. , Araki T.
Published: August 2016

Advanced glycation end-products (AGEs) are generated via nonenzymatic glycation of dentinal collagen, resulting in accumulation of AGEs in dentin tissue. Since accumulated AGEs cause crosslinking between amino acid polypeptides in the collagen molecule and modify mechanical properties of dentinal collagen, the authors assumed that there would be a significant interaction between the generation of AGEs and progression of caries in dentin. To confirm such an interaction, spectroscopic imaging analyses (i.e., nanosecond fluorescence lifetime imaging and second harmonic generation light imaging) were performed in addition to biochemical and electron microscopic analyses in the present study. Seven carious human teeth were fixed in paraformaldehyde and cut longitudinally into 1-mm sections using a low-speed diamond saw for the following analyses. In transmission electron microscopy (TEM) analysis, nondecalcified specimens were embedded in epoxy resin and sliced into thin sections for observation. For the immunohistochemical analysis, the specimens were paraffin embedded after decalcification for 2 wk and sectioned with a microtome. Resultant sections were stained with anti-AGE and anticollagen antibodies. The demineralized specimens were used for spectroscopic analyses without additional treatment. For Western blotting analysis, specimens were separated into carious and sound dentin. Each specimen was homogenized with a bead crusher and an ultrasonic homogenizer and then treated with hydrochloric acid. In carious dentin, the collagen fibers showed an amorphous structure in the TEM image, and the AGEs were localized in the areas of bacterial invasion in the immunostaining image. The total amount of AGEs in carious dentin was higher than in sound dentin in Western blotting. The ultrastructure of type I collagen and total amount of AGEs varied markedly in the dentinal caries region. The fluorescence lifetime was shorter in the carious area than that in the sound areas, indicating an increase of AGEs in the carious area. The increase of AGEs could influence the progression of dentinal caries.
Erich Auerbach’s Mimesis and the Value of Scale
Authors: Marcus Sharon
Published: August 2016

Through a reading of Erich Auerbach’s Mimesis, which readers inside and outside the academy have valued for decades, this essay teases out how literary critical value is often aligned with scale: big claims, minutely close readings, and the ability to move gracefully between them. The essay also identifies and discusses four techniques basic to literary criticism: description, interpretation, explanation, and evaluation. A coda speculates about the links between Mimesis and a visual technology introduced into university lecturing a few decades before Auerbach wrote his magnum opus: the slide projector.
Suji Kwock Kim's “Generation” and the Ethics of Diasporic Postmemory
Authors: Kim Sandra So Hee Chi
Published: August 2016

Regarding her highly acclaimed first book of poetry, Notes from the Divided Country, second-generation Korean American poet Suji Kwock Kim has stated that she considers the representation of the traumatic experiences of the Korean War as “the responsibility that one has, in terms of using the imagination as a means of compassion, and understanding things one couldn't have experienced.” If Notes from the Divided Country is a work created from a sense of ethical responsibility, we could perhaps also see it more specifically as a project of ethical memory and ask, along with ethnic studies scholar Jodi Kim, “What does it mean to want to represent or ‘remember’ a war that has been ‘forgotten’ and erased in the U.S. popular imaginary, but has been transgenerationally seared into the memories of Koreans and Korean Americans, and experienced anew every day in a still-divided Korea?” Notes from the Divided Country in many ways grapples with this very question and can be seen as an effort to remember the “Forgotten War” through vivid, chilling, moving poems that depict the enduring trauma of wartime violence from the perspective of diasporic postmemory. Taking Hirsch's work on Holocaust photos as a point of departure, this article reads in the poem “Generation” the poetics of postmemory and the ethics of memory from the perspective of diasporic subjectivity.
Protein domain architectures provide a fast, efficient and scalable alternative to sequence-based methods for comparative functional genomics
Authors: Koehorst Jasper J. , Saccenti Edoardo , Schaap Peter J. , Martins dos Santos Vitor A. P. , Suarez-Diez Maria
Published: August 2016

A functional comparative genome analysis is essential to understand the mechanisms underlying bacterial evolution and adaptation. Detection of functional orthologs using standard global sequence similarity methods faces several problems; the need for defining arbitrary acceptance thresholds for similarity and alignment length, lateral gene acquisition and the high computational cost for finding bi-directional best matches at a large scale.

We investigated the use of protein domain architectures for large scale functional comparative analysis as an alternative method. The performance of both approaches was assessed through functional comparison of 446 bacterial genomes sampled at different taxonomic levels.

We show that protein domain architectures provide a fast and efficient alternative to methods based on sequence similarity to identify groups of functionally equivalent proteins within and across taxonomic bounderies. As the computational cost scales linearly, and not quadratically with the number of genomes, it is suitable for large scale comparative analysis. Running both methods in parallel pinpoints potential functional adaptations that may add to bacterial fitness.
MOVIMENTO FEMINISTA NO BRASIL E AMÉRICA LATINA: REFLEXÕES SOBRE EDUCAÇÃO E MULHERES
Authors: Castro Amanda Motta , Machado Rita De Cassia Fraga
Published: August 2016

Não temos dúvida de que a caminhada feminista é difícil, lenta e estreita. Contudo também não temos dúvida que as mulheres caminharam e mudaram o destino já traçado para nós pela sociedade patriarcal. Para Ivone Gebara (2000), trata-se de uma caminhada utópica na direção de buscar politizar o privado e para que as mulheres avancem. Este texto busca principalmente fazer uma introdução à história do Movimento Feminista e resgatar o contexto de algumas mulheres, entre tantas outras, que somaram as conquistas das mulheres na América Latina e no Brasil e que, devido à sociedade patriarcal em que vivemos, encontram-se totalmente invisibilizadas e sem o lugar de destaque que merecem. Este texto é escrito com base em três conceitos importantes para os Estudos Feministas: Resistência, Gênero e Patriarcado.
Prevalence and factors associated with behavioral disorders in children with chronic health conditions
Authors: Adji Budi Santoso , Soetjiningsih Soetjiningsih , Windiani Trisna
Published: August 2016

Background Patients suffering from chronic health conditions are compelled to strive to adjust in their communities. As a result, changes in their physical and psychosocial states are likely to occur. Several studies have described the prevalence of behavioral disorders in such patients. Pediatric Symptom Checklist (PSC) is a screening tool to detect behavioral disorders in children with chronic illness.Objective To determine the prevalence of and factors associated with behavioral disorders in children with chronic health conditions.Methods A cross sectional study was conducted on 4 to 14 year-old-children with chronic diseases in out-patient clinic, Sanglah Hospital from October to December 2008. PSC-17 was used to screen the presence of behavioral disorders. Bivariate analysis and logistic regression were used for analysis.Results One hundred and four children were included in this study. The prevalence of behavioral disorder based on PSC-17 score ≥ 15 was 37.5%. The study showed that duration of illness of more than 3 years had significant correlation with behavioral disorders, compared with the group of 3 month – 3 years duration of illness (OR 3.30, 95% CI 1.33 to 8.22, P = 0.010}.Conclusions Prevalence of behavioral disorders in children with chronic health condition is 37.5%. The duration of illness contributes to the manifestation of behavioral disorders in children with chronic health conditions. [Paediatr Indones. 2010;50:1-5].
Prevalence and risk factors for epilepsy in children with spastic cerebral palsy
Authors: Rahmat Dedy , Mangunatmadja Irawan , Tridjaja Bambang , Tambunan Taralan , Suradi Rulina
Published: August 2016

Background Epilepsy in cerebral palsy (CP) is usually difficult to treat and can lead to poor prognosis due to increased risk for motor and cognitive disorders. The prevalence and risk factors of epilepsy in children with CP vary among studies.Objective To determine the prevalence and risk factors for epilepsy in spastic CP.Methods We performed a retrospective study using medical records of patients with spastic CP at the Departement of Child Health, Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital from January 2003 until December 2008. Prevalence ratio was calculated by comparing the prevalence of epilepsy in subjects with and without risk factors. We excluded patients with metabolic disorder, genetic syndrome, and onset of CP after 3 years of age.Results Two hundred thirty six out of 238 spastic CP patients were analyzed. The mean age at diagnosis of spastic CP was 28.8 months. Male to female ratio was 1.4:1. The prevalence of epilepsy in spastic CP was 39%. The risk factors for epilepsy in spastic CP were central nervous system infection, the ocurrence of seizure in the first year of life, and abnormality of EE G.Conclusions The prevalence of epilepsy in spastic CP is 39%. The risk factors for epilepsy in spastic CP are post central nervous system infection, and ocurrence of seizure in the first year of life. [Paediatr Indones. 2010;50:11-7].
Incidence and risk factors of neonatal thrombocytopenia: a pr
Authors: Kusumasari Nila , Rohsiswatmo Rinawati , Gatot Djajadiman , Darwis Darlan
Published: August 2016

Background Thrombocytopenia is the most common hematological abnormality in the neonatal period. Hemorrhagic manifestations are found in 10% cases of thrombocytopenia. Neonatal thrombocytopenia commonly assumed due to sepsis, despite many risk factors that may caused thrombocytopenia.Objective To obtain incidence and risk factors of neonatal thrombocytopenia.Methods A cross sectional study was conducted in April 2009. Complete blood counts investigation was performed before age of 24 hours, medical conditions and risk factors of mothers and subjects were noted, as well as hemorrhagic manifestations. Subjects with thrombocytopenia were followed for 2 weeks. The risk factors consisted of hypertension in pregnancy, pre-eclampsia, eclampsia, intrauterine growth retardation, gestational diabetes mellitus, perinatal infection, asphyxia, sepsis, and necrotizing enterocolitis.Results Neonatal thrombocytopenia was found 17 (12.1%) of 140 subjects, consisted of 88.2% early onset and 11.8% late onset. Significant risk factor of mother was pre-eclampsia (PR 3.97, 95%CI 1.70 to 9.25), while significant risk factors of neonates were asphyxia (PR 5.66, 95%CI 2.49 to 12.86), sepsis (PR 5.33, 95%CI 2.33-12.19) and necrotizing enterocolitis (p=0.014; PR 9.2 95% CI 5.17 to14.84). We found 29.4% hemorrhagic cases of neonatal thrombocytopenia (i.e.,. skin, gastrointestinal, intracranial hemorrhage).Conclusions The incidence of neonatal thrombocytopenia was 12.2%. Significant risk factor of mother that caused thrombocytopenia was pre-eclampsia, while risk factors of neonates were asphyxia, sepsis and necrotizing enterocolitis.[Paediatr Indones. 2010;50:31-7].
Improvement of Anaemia in Patients with Primary Myelofibrosis by Low-Dose Thalidomide and Prednisone
Authors: Bělohlávková Petra , Maisnar Vladimír , Voglová Jaroslava , Buchler Tomáš , Žák Pavel
Published: August 2016

Background: A combination of low-dose thalidomide and corticosteroids is a treatment option for anaemic patients with primary myelofibrosis (PMF) who are not eligible for allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. Methods: We describe the outcomes of 13 patients with PMF treated with thalidomide 50 mg daily in combination with prednisone 0.5 mg/kg daily. Treatment responses were seen in 10/13 (77%) patients with a median onset of therapeutic effect at 4 weeks (range 3–7 weeks) after treatment initiation. Improvements of anaemia and thrombocytopenia and reduction in splenomegaly were observed in 70%, 38%, and 30% of patients, respectively. Four of six initially transfusion-dependent patients became transfusion independent following the therapy. The median duration of treatment response was 18 months (range 3–35 months). The treatment was well tolerated, with only one patient discontinuing therapy due to toxicity. Responders included both patients with and without JAK2 V617F, and included patients with both newly diagnosed and longstanding PMF. Conclusions: Our retrospective analysis confirmed that the therapy with low-doses thalidomide with prednisone in patients with PMF achieves significant response rate in anaemia with low treatment toxicity.
A rare case of Ganglioneuroblastoma Encapsulated in Pheochromocytoma
Authors: Sousa Nathália Vieira , Marques de Oliveira Luísa Coelho , Cortez Paulo José Oliveira , Valenti Vitor Engrácia , Garner David Mathew , Irulegui Roseane de Souza Candido , Moreira Dalmo Antônio Ribeiro
Published: August 2016

Pheochromocytoma and Ganglioneuroblastoma are separate diseases and a rare combination in which the diagnosis can only be confirmed by pathological examination after tumor excision. We reported here a case of ganglioneuroblastoma encapsulated in pheochromocytoma. The patient is a woman, 73 years old, hypertensive, with hypothyroidism, associated for 15 years with hypercholesterolemia and hypertriglyceridemia, which had frequent complaints of low back pain. She underwent magnetic resonance and the findings were consistent with the diagnosis of pheochromocytoma. After surgery, anatomic, pathologic and immunohistochemistry analysis confirmed the diagnosis of pheochromocytoma composed by small ganglioneuroblastoma representation with the identification of small focus of infiltration of the adrenal capsule and adipose tissue by pheochromocytoma. This rare association can instigate the discussion of methods of diagnosis, more effective and more appropriate treatments for each patient.
Adult learners’ acquisitional patterns in L2 pragmatics: What do we know?
Authors: Timpe-Laughlin Veronika
Published: August 2016

Language pedagogy designers are faced with the challenge of engineering learning experiences that are in harmony with how second and foreign languages (L2s) are developed. In the field of L2 pragmatics learning and teaching, this challenge has sparked a considerable amount of research on instructional methods, facilitative interventions, and input enhancements. To a lesser degree, researchers have also investigated L2 pragmatic learning progressions that might inform L2 instruction. This review paper canvasses empirical research into the acquisitional sequences of interlanguage pragmatics (ILP) in adult L2 learners conducted after 2002, the year in which Kasper and Rose’s seminal book,Pragmatic Development in a Second Language, was published. The paper synthesizes the findings of 16 systematically identified empirical studies. Based on this synthesis of findings, new insights and tendencies in L2 pragmatic development are discussed, and areas in need of further research are identified.
Factor VIIa-antithrombin complex: a possible new biomarker for activated coagulation
Authors: Spiezia Luca , Campello Elena , Valle Fabio Dalla , Woodhams Barry , Simioni Paolo
Published: August 2016

The activation of the extrinsic coagulation pathway occurs after endothelial injury when the tissue factor (TF), a transmembrane protein located outside the vasculature, binds factor VII (FVII) or activated FVII (FVIIa). Once formed, the TF-VIIa complex activates both factor IX and X and initiates the coagulation process. The TF-VIIa complex is inhibited by both TF pathway inhibitor (TFPI) and antithrombin (AT). The interaction between TF-VIIa and AT induces FVIIa-AT complex formation, which is released into the plasma. Because AT reacts with FVIIa only when it is bound to TF, the circulating levels of FVIIa-AT reflect the degree of exposure of TF to blood. Preliminary clinical studies have shown higher plasma levels of FVIIa-AT complex both in patients with a prior arterial or venous thrombotic event. Increased plasma levels of FVIIa-AT have also been reported in a number of other prothrombotic conditions – antiphospholipid antibodies, solid and hematological malignancies, pre-eclampsia (PE), obesity and cardiac surgery. However, most of the studies published so far are retrospective and with a limited sample size. Larger prospective clinical studies are needed to confirm these findings and to assess the prognostic role of this possible new biomarker for activated coagulation.
Viscous Dissipation Effects in Water Driven Carbon Nanotubes along a Stream Wise and Cross Flow Direction
Authors: Ul Haq Rizwan , Khan Z. H. , Khan W. A. , Shah Inayat Ali
Published: August 2016

Important physical models involving boundary layer occur in almost all internal and external aerodynamic formations. For many of these, the flow outside the boundary layer region may be determined into a large principal component and a small crosswise velocity. In this article, three-dimensional boundary-layer flow over a curved surface is treated for nanofluid under such a simplification. Based on strong thermal conductivity we have considered two same kinds but different shaped nanoparticle namely: Single Wall Carbon Nanotubes (SWCNT) and Multiple Wall Carbon Nanotubes (MWCNT) which are incorporated within the base fluid water. Mathematical model is constructed under the constraint of defined geometry and then transformed into the system of ordinary differential equations. These equations are solved numerically with the help of Runge Kutta (R-K) method with shooting technique. Influences of each physical parameter on velocity and temperature distribution are described through graphs. To analyze the drag and heat transfer at the surface we have plotted the skin friction coefficient and local Nusselt number. Flow behavior along the stream wise and cross direction is visualized through stream lines. It is found that viscous dissipation has same increasing effects along both x- and z-directions for temperature profile however, SWCNTs have comparatively higher skin friction and heat transfer rate at the surface as compare to the MWNTs.
Interventions to support people with dementia and their informal caregivers during the transition from home care to nursing home care – a protocol for a systematic review / Interventionen zur Unterstützung von Menschen mit Demenz und ihren Angehörigen während des Übergangs von der häuslichen Pflege ins Pflegeheim – ein Studienprotokoll für eine systematische Übersichtsarbeit
Authors: Müller Christian , Puls Janine , Lautenschläger Sindy , Stephan Astrid , Meyer Gabriele
Published: August 2016

Background

The transition from home care to nursing home care is a significant event in the life of a person with dementia and also for informal caregiver, who deal with many crises and changes.

Aim

To describe a protocol for a systematic review based on the `‘PRISMA-P 2015 statement`. We will carry out this review firstly to identify interventions that support people with dementia and their informal caregivers in the transition from home care to nursing home care, secondly to synthesise the available evidence for the efficacy of identified interventions, and thirdly to examine whether the identified interventions have been systematically developed, evaluated and implemented according to the MRC framework.

Design

This systematic review will be conducted according to the recommendations specified in the Cochrane Handbook for Intervention Reviews; reporting will follow the PRISMA statement.

Methods

The search strategy covers six electronic bibliographic databases, Google Scholar and ALOIS. In addition, backward citation tracking will be applied. The protocol includes decisions made on the research questions, inclusion/exclusion criteria, search methods, study selection, data extraction, assessment of risk of bias, data synthesis and plans for dissemination and funding.

Discussion

This systematic review will summarise the body of evidence of interventions supporting people with dementia and their informal caregivers during the transition from home care to nursing home care.

Protocol Registration

This review protocol has been registered on the Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (PROSPERO 2015: CRD42015019839).
A systematic review of the neurobiological underpinnings of borderline personality disorder (BPD) in childhood and adolescence
Authors: Winsper Catherine , Marwaha Steven , Lereya Suzet Tanya , Thompson Andrew , Eyden Julie , Singh Swaran P.
Published: August 2016

Contemporary theories for the aetiology of borderline personality disorder (BPD) take a lifespan approach asserting that inborn biological predisposition is potentiated across development by environmental risk factors. In this review, we present and critically evaluate evidence on the neurobiology of BPD in childhood and adolescence, compare this evidence to the adult literature, and contextualise within a neurodevelopmental framework. A systematic review was conducted to identify studies examining the neurobiological (i.e. genetic, structural neuroimaging, neurophysiological, and neuropsychological) correlates of BPD symptoms in children and adolescents aged 19 years or under. We identified, quality assessed, and narratively summarised 34 studies published between 1980 and June 2016. Similar to findings in adult populations, twin studies indicated moderate to high levels of heritability of BPD, and there was some evidence for gene-environment interactions. Also consistent with adult reports is that some adolescents with BPD demonstrated structural (grey and white matter) alterations in frontolimbic regions and neuropsychological abnormalities (i.e. reduced executive function and disturbances in social cognition). These findings suggest that neurobiological abnormalities observed in adult BPD may not solely be the consequence of chronic morbidity or prolonged medication use. They also provide tentative support for neurodevelopmental theories of BPD by demonstrating that neurobiological markers may be observed from childhood onwards and interact with environmental factors to increase risk of BPD in young populations. Prospective studies with a range of repeated measures are now required to elucidate the temporal unfurling of neurobiological features and further delineate the complex pathways to BPD.
In situ polymerization approach to poly(arylene ether nitrile)-functionalized multiwalled carbon nanotube composite films: thermal, mechanical, dielectric, and electrical properties
Authors: Zhong Jiachun , Guo Heng , Yang Jian , Liu Xiaobo
Published: August 2016

Poly(arylene ether nitrile) (PEN)-functionalized multiwalled carbon nanotube (MWNT) composites were successfully prepared via an in situ polymerization method based on the combination of nucleophilic aromatic substitution polymerization with simple acylate-functionalized MWNTs (MWNTs-COCl) in the presence of nitrile monomers. The structure and morphology of PEN-MWNT composites were characterized using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy, respectively. The improvement in the thermal stability and mechanical properties of PEN-MWNT films was achieved because of the good-quality dispersion of MWNTs and strong interfacial interaction between the PEN matrix and MWNTs. The most important result is that the dielectric constant and electrical conductivity can be remarkably enhanced by a high MWNT content.
The regulatory state in the information age
Authors: Cohen Julie E.
Published: August 2016

This Article examines the regulatory state through the lens of evolving political economy, arguing that a significant reconstruction is now underway. The ongoing shift from an industrial mode of development to an informational one has created existential challenges for regulatory models and constructs developed in the context of the industrial economy. Contemporary contests over the substance of regulatory mandates and the shape of regulatory institutions are most usefully understood as moves within a larger struggle to chart a new direction for the regulatory state in the era of informational capitalism. A regulatory state optimized for the information economy must develop rubrics for responding to three problems that have confounded existing regulatory regimes: (1) platform power — the power to link facially separate markets and/or to constrain participation in markets by using technical protocols; (2) infoglut — unmanageably voluminous, mediated information flows that create information overload; and (3) systemic threat — nascent, probabilistically-defined harm to be realized at some point in the future. Additionally, it must develop institutions capable of exercising effective oversight of informationera activities. The information-era regulatory models that have begun to emerge are procedurally informal, mediated by networks of professional and technical expertise that define relevant standards, and financialized. Such models, however, also have tended to be both opaque to external observation and highly prone to capture. New institutional forms that might ensure their legal and political accountability have been slow to develop.
Taking notice seriously: information delivery and consumer contract formation
Authors: Radin Margaret Jane
Published: August 2016

Courts in the United States are finding that recipients can be bound by fine-print terms (boilerplate) if they had notice of them. Without directly confronting the overarching normative question whether notice can cause contractual obligation, this Article takes notice seriously by focusing on how psychological characteristics of “HUMANs” suggest rethinking of when effective notice is (or is not) likely to occur.
‹Der graphematische Satz.›
Authors: Schmidt Karsten
Published: August 2016

The starting point of this paper is the question how the graphematic sentence, i. e. the written sentence, can be defined. The answer seems to be clear: a graphematic sentence begins with a sentence-initial capital letter and is concluded by a sentence-final punctuation mark such as the full stop or the question mark. However, this definition is problematic since it requires an underlying (syntactic) definition of the sentence in general. Yet within linguistics there is no commonly accepted definition of the sentence (cf. section 1). Language users (linguists among them), however, seem to have a clear idea of what a sentence is. In the paper I argue that this seemingly contradictory situation could be explained on the following two assumptions. (a) The widespread clear intuition about the existence of a linguistic category called ‘sentence’ mainly derives from the influence of the written language on concepts of language in general. (b) Yet this influence has never really been taken into consideration for sentence definitions within modern linguistics due to the fact that written language has for long time been neglected as an object of linguistic research (cf. section 2). The main part of the paper (section 3) is concerned with a definition of the graphematic sentence without recourse to syntactic structures. It reveals that in German the graphematic sentence is a clearly recognizable unit within the writing system and therefore seems to be predestined for being the conceptional model for the idea of what a sentence is. Based on the punctuation theory of Bredel (2008, 2011) I argue that punctuation marks do not indicate sentences but rather constitute them. Finally I discuss how the graphematic analysis presented here can constitute the basis for empirical approaches towards a linguistic reconstruction of the widespread idea of what a sentence is (cf. section 4).
Fishes from Parque Estadual de Itapeva, Rio Grande do Sul state, Atlantic Forest biome, Brazil
Authors: Azevedo Marco A. , Bertaco Vinicius A.
Published: August 2016

The ichthyofauna herein presented was collected in streams, lake, and swamps from the Parque Estadual de Itapeva, Rio Mampituba basin. The protected area is located in the northernmost part of the coastal plain of Rio Grande do Sul state. Samplings resulted in 26 species, in 20 genera, 15 families, and six orders. Two species are listed as threatened and one near threatened in Rio Grande do Sul. This study represents the first fish survey in the protected area, Atlantic Forest biome.
Tailoring the surface of polymeric nanofibres generated by pressurised gyration
Authors: Illangakoon Upulitha Eranka , Mahalingam Sunthar , Colombo Paolo , Edirisinghe Mohan
Published: August 2016

Polymeric nanofibres with smooth, rough and porous surfaces were prepared by pressurised gyration, which is a novel method for producing nanofibres, utilising the combination of centrifugal spinning and solution blowing. A series of fibres were prepared by using polyacrylonitrile (Pan), poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) and 50:50 Pan–PMMA polymer solutions without pressure and with 0·2 MPa working pressure. The surface morphology of the nanofibres was analysed by scanning electron microscopy, and their thermal properties were studied by thermogravimetry and hot-stage microscopy. Nanofibres with a smooth surface were generated at 0·2 MPa working pressure, and those with a rough surface were generated without any working pressure. Porous Pan nanofibres were prepared by using PMMA as a sacrificial polymer. The 50:50 Pan–PMMA blend fibres were subjected to heat treatment to obtain porous fibres. The less thermally stable PMMA decomposes when heated, generating pores on the surface of the Pan fibres. The porous nanofibres have a higher surface area-to-volume ratio compared to smooth fibres, and these fibres could be useful in a variety of applications, such as tissue engineering, filtering and purification.
FORTALECIMENTO MUSCULAR E EXPANSIBILIDADE PULMONAR APÓS O USO DA TÉCNICA DE ISOSTRETCHING.
Authors: Freire Eduardo de Faria , Ribeiro Alice Sá Carneiro , Zago Luciana Beatriz da Silva
Published: August 2016

O presente estudo visa analisar o fortalecimento muscular respiratório e a expansibilidade torácica de indivíduos, por meio do método Isostretching, além de avaliar essas variáveis antes e após a intervenção da técnica, como também, o comportamento dessas variáveis entre os gêneros. Foi realizado na Clínica Escola de Fisioterapia do Centro Universitário Tiradentes (UNIT–AL), participando 09 voluntários (05 feminino – Grupo I-; e 04 masculino – Grupo II). A intervenção de exercícios do Isostretching ocorreu durante 3 meses, 3 vezes/semana. Mensuraram-se as pressões inspiratórias (PImax) e expiratórias (PEmax) máximas, além da expansibilidade torácica, antes e após a intervenção. Observou-se que a PImax apresentou aumento de 21,25% após o treinamento; e a PEmax, uma evolução de 23,08%. Separando por gênero, o Grupo II apresentou aumento relativo (25%) maior na PImax, porém na PEmax, o Grupo I apresentou maior variação média percentual (38,89%). A variação da expansibilidade torácica foi mínima. Assim, o presente estudo sugere que o Isostretching pode influenciar no fortalecimento muscular respiratório, com apresentações variadas de ganhos em relação ao gênero. Além disso, os exercícios direcionados parecem não indicar alteração na expansibilidade torácica.