bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Analisis Pelaporan dan Pertanggungjawaban Bantuan Sosial pada Laporan Keuangan Pemerintah Kota Bekasi Tahun 2019 - 2022
Authors: Delia Rana Amanda  , Perdana Petrolis Nusa , Khairunnisa Hera
Published: August 2024

The significant increase in the allocation of social assistance funds is a problem in Bekasi City. As the amount of funds allocated increases, the risk of misuse or waste may also increase. The purpose of this study is to analyze the policy on the budget used for social assistance and find out the regulatory basis. As well as knowing the reporting and accountability system of the realization or implementation of the social assistance budget at the Bekasi City Government in 2019 - 2022. This research uses a descriptive qualitative research design. The data used in this study are secondary data. The sample used in this study is the Bekasi City Regional Revenue and Expenditure Budget Realization Report 2019 - 2022. Analysis of documents used in this study such as: Budget Realization Report (LRA), documentation related to social assistance, and online data sources. The results showed that the policies and systems for reporting and accountability of Social Assistance (Bansos) in Bekasi City still have several weaknesses and obstacles that need to be strengthened.
DISEÑO DE UN PICO SATÉLITE CANSAT PARA LA PREDICCIÓN DEL MONÓXIDO DE CARBONO (CO) EN LA UNIVERSIDAD LIBRE, SEDE EL BOSQUE
Authors:   Universidad  Libre, LEMUS  CASAS JAIME  ALFONSO , SAAVEDRA  POLANCO MARÍA  ALEJANDRA , SANTA  QUINTERO RICARDO  ANDRES
Published: August 2024

This research aims to design the hardware for a CANSAT picosatellite for the prediction of carbon monoxide (CO) in the air at the Libre University El Bosque campus. The goal is to identify the necessary sensors to collect data and establish the levels of CO pollution in different areas of the mentioned university. Additionally, the defined functional and non-functional requirements necessitate a detailed analysis for the selection of sensors, control board, communication system, and power system. A requirements verification model based on use cases involving quantitative and qualitative measurements, as well as theoretical maximum and minimum values, is also required.
EU environmental regulation for a circular economy in the light of national sovereignty
Authors: Ofak Lana
Published: August 2024

This paper aims to explore the impact of the latest European Union (EU) circular economy initiatives on the national sovereignty of EU Member States, specifically examining whether new EU measures encouraging a circular economy limit the domain of Member States’ sovereignty. Accordingly, the paper begins with the assessment of the measures laid out in the second Circular Economy Action Plan (CEAP) adopted in 2020. It analyses the effectiveness and impact of these measures in promoting a circular economy in the EU (Chapter 2). Following this, it reviews the progress made on implementing the actions listed in the CEAP, with a special focus on legislative and non-legislative measures. It highlights the achievements in the implementation process and provides a brief overview of key legislative proposals (Chapter 3). The following section explores how different countries in the EU are developing their own strategies to promote a circular economy (Chapter 4). Lastly, the paper delves into the notion of sovereignty within the EU and the relationship between the EU and its Member States. It analyses how Member States balance their national sovereignty in relation to the EU and investigates the types of instruments and legal basis used for regulating a circular economy (Chapter 5). The final section concludes, noting the current minor impact of the EU’s environmental regulation for a circular economy on national sovereignty (Chapter 6).
Sikap Peduli Lingkungan Siswa Kelas IV SD Negeri IV Sempu
Authors: Febiyana Alva , Erviana Lina , Nurhayati Nurhayati
Published: August 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis: 1) sikap peduli lingkungan siswa; 2) faktor pendukung dan faktor penghambat sikap peduli  lingkungan siswa. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kualitatif dengan pendekatan dekriptif. Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah teknik pengumpulan data observasi, wawancara dan dokumentasi.  Subjek  penelitian  adalah  siswa kelas empat dan guru wali kelas  tiga. Teknik pengumpulan yang digunakan adalah observasi, wawancara dan  dokumentasi.  Teknik  analisis  data  menggunakan teknik pengumpulan data, reduksi data, penyajian data, validasi dan kesimpulan. Hasil analisis data menunjukkan bahwa: 1) sikap peduli  lingkungan  di  siswa  kelas  IV  SD  Negeri  4 Sempu menunjukkan hasil sangat baik hal yang perlu di tingkatkan adalah pengolahan sampah menjadi barang yang berguna dan  kreatif. 2) faktor  pedukung  sikap peduli lingkungan siswa kelas IV SD Negeri Sempu yaitu motivasi diri, motivasi  orang tua, dan guru. Kemudian faktor penghambatnya adalah faktor teman disekitar.
Efektivitas Media Audio Visual Berbasis Kearifan Lokal untuk Meningkatkan Literasi Budaya Siswa
Authors: Novitasari Laily , Nura Aziza Ella Rahma , Ariani Puput , William Nanda , Ika Puspita Ari Metalin
Published: August 2024

Pendidikan memegang peran kunci dalam menentukan kemajuan atau kemunduran suatu bangsa dengan membantu mengembangkan nilai-nilai seperti sosial, moral, agama, dan budaya. Meskipun pentingnya pendidikan diakui, literasi budaya pada siswa sekolah dasar masih rendah. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengevaluasi pengaruh media audio visual berbasis kearifan lokal terhadap peningkatan literasi budaya di tingkat tersebut. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah kuantitatif dengan jenis quasi eksperimen dengan teknik sampling jenuh. Instrumen penelitian meliputi angket observasi dan tes, dengan analisis data menggunakan independent sample t-test melalui software SPSS 25.0. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan media audio visual berbasis kearifan lokal efektif meningkatkan literasi budaya di sekolah dasar. Hal ini ditunjukkan berdasarkan hasil uji beda bahwa terdapat perbedaan pemahaman literasi budaya sebelum dan sesudah penggunaan media audio visual berbasis kearifan lokal. Sehingga dapat disimpulkan bahwa terjadi peningkatan literasi budaya siswa setelah penggunaan media audio visual berbasis kearifan lokal.
SIKAP KEPEMIMPINAN DAN PERCAYA DIRI SEBAGAI MANIFESTASI KECERDASAN EMOSIONAL ANAK USIA DINI
Authors: Wardani Herfina , Zalfa Nur Adibah Farah , Sugiyarti Dian
Published: August 2024

Kecerdasan emosional secara luas dapat diartikan sebagai keterampilan atau kemampuan yang memungkinkan kesadaran akan keadaan emosi diri dan emosi orang lain serta kapasitas untuk menggunakan dan mengelola emosi guna mempengaruhi kinerja peran secara positif. Penelitan ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pentingnya menumbuhkan kecerdasan emosional anak usia dini dalam hal sikap kepemimpinan dan percaya diri. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode kualitatif fenomenologi dengan teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan metode wawancara dan observasi yang dilakukan di TK IT Muadz bin Jabal Kota Gede Yogyakarta. Subyek dari penelitian ini adalah anak usia 5-6 tahun. Hasil penelitian menunjukan adanya sikap kepemimpinan dan percaya diri sebagai indikator kecerdasan emosional anak. Hal ini ditunjukan dengan anak mampu memimpin teman - temannya di kelas untuk menentukan aturan pada kegiatan main serta anak merasa bangga ketika mampu menghafal surat dalam Al Quran dan anak juga berani menunjukan kemampuan yang dimilikinya kepada orang lain. Dalam pelaksanaanya, sikap kepemimpinan dan rasa percaya diri ditumbuhkan melalui sebuah keteladanan dengan lingkungan yang saling mendukung.
ANALISIS KESULITAN MEMBACA PUISI PADA SISWA DI KELAS IV SDN 25 SINGKAWANG
Authors: Alda Alda , Cinda Hendriana Evinna , Susanto Heru
Published: August 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui serta mendeskripsikan bagaiman kesulitan membaca puisi pada siswa kelas IV SDN 25 Singkawang. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan adalah penelitian kualitatif dengan metode analisis deskriptif sedangkan alat pengumpul data yang digunkan adalah tes dan dokumentasi. Subjek penelitian ini dilakukan terhadap 10 siswa kelas IV SDN 25 Singkawang dengan menggunkan teknik purposive sampling. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa: Kesulitan membaca puisi pada siswa kelas IV berdasarkan kriteria nilai siswa diperoleh rata-rata siswa yang mendapat nilai tinggi adalah 0, rata-rata siswa yang mendapat nilai sedang adalah 67, dan rata-rata siswa yang mendapat nilai rendah adalah 39,5 Sehingga jika dijumlahkan keseluruhan nilai rata-rata dari siswa adalah 45 Termasuk dalam kategori rendah. Dari nilai rata-rata hasil tes membaca puisi pada siswa kelas IV SDN 25 Singkawang diketahui kemampuan membaca puisi siswa nya terbilang rendah sehingga dapat dikatakan kesulitan membaca puisi yang dihadapi siswa tergolong tinggi.
A Jurisprudential Review of Business Competition Practices on the Shopee Platform
Authors: Munawaroh Diyan
Published: August 2024

The rapid development of technology has transformed conventional business practices, with digital platforms such as Shopee providing innovative features, such as live streaming and flash sales. However, these features have the potential to enable unfair business competition. This study examines the impact of live streaming on Shopee Live and Toko Saya flash sales on a Shopee platform from the perspective of business competition. Using a qualitative approach, this study focuses on the policies and practices surrounding these features. The findings reveal that while certain promotional practices are legitimate, the ongoing practice of providing conditional discounts and low prices may violate business competition laws and principles of business competition jurisprudence in Islam. Sellers and buyers have indicated that these practices are not based on the principles of honesty and balance and can be detrimental to smaller businesses with limited capital. This study highlights the need for businesses to prioritize moral ethics and adhere to religious and state rules to create a fair and competitive market that protects consumer rights. As digital platforms continue to grow, it is crucial to address the potential for unhealthy business competition and to ensure that all parties, including conventional business actors, can participate fairly in the market.
Effect of feedback on reflection, on deep learning of undergraduate medical students in a clinical setting
Authors: Maqsood Zainab , sajjad Madiha , Yasmin Raheela
Published: August 2024

Background:
Reflection is crucial for deep learning and self-regulation. However, reflection alone may not produce the desirable effects unless coupled with feedback. This study aims to investigate the impact of ‘feedback on reflection’, on deep learning and concept building among undergraduate medical students.
Objective:
To determine the effect of feedback on reflection in deep learning of undergraduate medical students in clinical setting of gynaecology.
Method:
This was an experimental study, conducted from February 2023 to July 2023, following approval from the Ethics Review Committee. The study sample were 68 final year MBBS students divided into study and control group through simple randomization. A pre-test was done to establish baseline measurements.
Both groups then received similar teaching sessions on obstetrics and gynecology topics over a period of 6 days. Written reflections based on Gibbs reflective cycle were collected from all participants, and the study group additionally received verbal feedback. A post-test concluded the study. Both the pre and post-tests comprised 30 multiple-choice questions at a higher cognitive level. Data evaluation was done through SPSS 26. Descriptive statistics and t- test was used to compare the means of both groups. P–value of < 0.05 was considered significant.
Results:
No significant difference in gender distribution was found between the two groups. Baseline pre-test scores showed no significant difference between control group (37%) and study group (39%). Both groups demonstrated significant improvement from pre-test to post-test (p < 0.0001). However, post-test results showed a significant increase in the scores of study group (69%) compared to the control group (51%) (p < 0.0001). Net gain of learning after addition of feedback along with reflection in intervention group was 18.6%. Student feedback supported the effectiveness of the teaching method in facilitating learning and exam preparation.
Conclusion: Incorporating feedback along with reflection enhances conceptual learning among undergraduate medical students, resulting in significantly improved test scores compared to reflection alone.
Optimization of Bromelain extraction from green Papaya (Carica Papaya) peel waste and its application in the recovery of silver from waste X-ray photographic films
Authors: Parimi Mallika Rani , Gantala Divya Deepika , Deepala Naga Akhila , Bikk Sarada Sri Yagna , Reddy Johny Mohan Krishna , Vangalapati Meena
Published: August 2024

As bromelain is a proteolytic enzyme present in many fruits, this study utilises the bromelain content present in unripe papaya (carica papaya L) by extraction and characterization of bromelain extract from the unripe papaya peel waste. The extracted bromelain was utilised in the recovery of silver from waste X-ray films, since the toxicity of silver directly impacts on the environment to treat and recover silver bromelain enzyme was used as a biocatalyst in this study. Response surface methodology with box benken design was used to optimise both the parameters included in the recovery of bromelain from papaya Waste and silver from X ray waste. Parameters involved in the recovery of bromelain include incubation time, PH of solution, temperature of solution and concentration of solution; for silver recovery along with the parameters selected for Bromelain recovery weight of X-rays is also considered in the study. characterization techniques like XRD, SEM, TGA, BET, FTIR and GC/MS were performed for the samples of bromelain and recovered silver from X-rays. At 30min of incubation time, pH of 8, with 15 ml of bromelain solution maintained at 80 ℃ with 0.6grams of X-rays gives optimum silver recovery.
Low cloud diurnal cycle drives regional aerosol radiative warming
Authors: Chang Ian , Gao Lan , Adebiyi Adeyemi , Doherty Sarah , Painemal David , Smith William , Lenhardt Emily , Fakoya Abdulamid , Flynn Connor , Zheng Jianyu , Yang Zhifeng , Castellanos Patricia , Silva Arlindo Da , Zhang Zhibo , Wood Robert , Zuidema Paquita , Christopher Sundar , Redemann Jens
Published: August 2024

Atmospheric aerosols are an important component of the Earth’s climate system, contributing substantial uncertainties in predicting future climate change. In the southeast Atlantic, where expansive light-absorbing smoke aerosol plumes overlie semi-permanent stratocumulus clouds, the direct aerosol radiative effect (DARE) introduces warming in the region but varies widely among climate models. Black carbon, a major component of light-absorbing aerosol, contributes to the largest climate warming after carbon dioxide. Moreover, the impact of the cloud diurnal cycle on DARE uncertainties remains unclear. Here, we quantify the first direct aerosol radiative effects using hourly satellite observations of clouds focusing on 20°S – 0°N/S and 15°W – 15°E. We find that accounting for the observed cloud diurnal cycle over the southeast Atlantic, rather than assuming a constant early-afternoon cloud field throughout the entire day, results in nearly twofold (about 1.4 Wm-2) increase in the regional mean aerosol radiative warming. This regional DARE increase mainly results from morning hours when cloud fractions and optical depths are higher. The neglect of the cloud diurnal cycle adds to the underestimated radiative warming in the southeast Atlantic associated with underestimated aerosol absorption among climate models. Future observationally-based estimates of aerosol climatic effects need to account for the cloud diurnal cycle.
Segmentation of Non-Small Cell Lung Carcinomas: Introducing DRU-Net and Multi-Lens Distortion
Authors: Oskouei Soroush , Valla Marit , Pedersen André , Smistad Erik , Dale Vibeke Grotnes , Høibø Maren , Wahl Sissel Gyrid Freim , Haugum Mats Dehli , Langø Thomas , Ramnefjell Maria Paula , Akslen Lars Andreas , Kiss Gabriel , Sorger Hanne
Published: August 2024

Considering the increased workload in pathology laboratories today, automated tools such as artificial intelligence models can help pathologists with their tasks and ease the workload. In this paper, we are proposing a segmentation model (DRU-Net) that can provide a delineation of human non-small cell lung carcinomas and an augmentation method that can improve classification results. The proposed model is a fused combination of truncated pre-trained DenseNet201 and ResNet101V2 as a patch-wise classifier followed by a lightweight U-Net as a refinement model. We have used two datasets (Norwegian Lung Cancer Biobank and Haukeland University Hospital lung cancer cohort) to create our proposed model. The DRU-Net model achieves an average of 0.91 Dice similarity coefficient. The proposed spatial augmentation method (multi-lens distortion) improved the network performance by 3%. Our findings show that choosing image patches that specifically include regions of interest leads to better results for the patch-wise classifier compared to other sampling methods. The qualitative analysis showed that the DRU-Net model is generally successful in detecting the tumor. On the test set, some of the cases showed areas of false positive and false negative segmentation in the periphery, particularly in tumors with inflammatory and reactive changes.
Evolution of digital twins in precision health applications: a scoping review study
Authors: Bian Jiang , Huang Yu , Dai Hao , Xu Jie , Wei Ruoqi , Sun Leyang , Guo Yi , Guo Jingchuan
Published: August 2024

An increasing amount of research is incorporating the concept of Digital twin (DT) in biomedical and health care applications. This scoping review aims to summarize existing research and identify gaps in the development and use of DTs in the health care domain. The focus of this study lies on summarizing: the different types of DTs, the techniques employed in DT development, the DT applications in health care, and the data resources used for creating DTs. We identified fifty studies, which mainly focused on creating organ- (n=15) and patient-specific twins (n=30). The research predominantly centers on cardiology, endocrinology, orthopedics, and infectious diseases. Only a few studies used real-world datasets for developing their DTs. However, there remain unresolved questions and promising directions that require further exploration. This review provides valuable reference material and insights for researchers on DTs in health care and highlights gaps and unmet needs in this field.
A Quality Metric for Semantically Transmitted Images in Machine-to-Machine Communications
Authors: Gowrisetty Vishnu , Lokumarambage Maheshi , Samarathunga Prabath , Fernando Thanuj , Fernando Anil
Published: August 2024

Semantic communications focus on transmitting information that encapsulates meaning, enabling both machines and humans to understand the intended message with greater accuracy. Unlike traditional communication systems, which send data without considering its semantic value, this approach prioritises the content's meaning and requires a novel metric to gauge semantic quality. Our framework integrates a specialised Vision Transformer (ViT) for semantic segmentation, named SemExT, at the transmission end and a pre-trained Generative Adversarial Network (GAN) for image reconstruction at the receiving end. The system's effectiveness is evaluated by comparing the semantic content of the reconstructed image with the original, using Deceptron2, an advanced object detection model. This comparison establishes a new metric for assessing the quality of semantic transmission. Empirical evidence shows that the semantic quality metric ranges from 90% to 100% for images containing fewer objects and 80% to 98% for those with more objects. In comparison, an autoencoder-based communication system exhibits a range of 80% to 100% for simpler images and 75% to 95% for more complex ones. These findings highlight the robustness of our proposed metric across different semantic communication frameworks, contributing to the advancement of semantic information transmission and setting a foundation for future research in this field.
Impact of cardiovascular health on biological aging: evidence from UK Biobank
Authors: Ye Mengmeng , Yang Shaopeng , Lao Hubert Yuenhei , Zhu Ziyu , Zhu Zhuoting , Tan Shaoying , Huang Wenyong , Wang Wei
Published: August 2024

Aging represents a pivotal risk factor for cardiovascular disease, and the Life’s Essential 8 (LE-8) score, encompassing physical activity, diet, nicotine exposure, sleep health, BMI, blood glucose, blood lipids, and blood pressure, has been associated with age-related diseases. To elucidate the relationship between LE-8 scores and biological aging, a cross-sectional study was conducted utilizing the UK Biobank cohort. The LE-8 score, ranging from 0 to 100, adheres to the American Heart Association’s standards. Biological aging was evaluated using the frailty index, phenotypic age acceleration, retinal age gap, and brain age gap. Multiple linear regression analyses were performed to assess correlations. Among the 233,031 participants (mean age 56.0 years, 50.7% female), 43,497 (18.7%) had a high LE-8 score, 177,950 (76.3%) had a moderate score, and 11,584 (5.0%) had a low score. The average measurements for biological aging markers were: ocular aging clock 0.30 ± 4.55 years, phenotypic age acceleration − 4.06 ± 5.24 years, frailty index 0.13 ± 0.07 years, and brain age gap 0.64 ± 3.59 years. After adjusting for potential confounders, the LE-8 score exhibited significant correlations with the ocular aging clock (moderate vs. low LE-8: β: 0.25; 95% CI: 0.02–0.48; high vs. low LE-8: β: 0.68; 95% CI: 0.20–1.16; P trend = 0.001), phenotypic age acceleration (moderate vs. low LE-8: β: 0.27; 95% CI: 0.22–0.33; high vs. low LE-8: β: 1.47; 95% CI: 1.35–1.58; P trend < 0.001), and frailty index (moderate vs. low LE-8: β: 0.01; 95% CI: 0.01–0.01; high vs. low LE-8: β: 0.02; 95% CI: 0.02–0.02; P trend < 0.001). Furthermore, nicotine exposure and blood glucose scores were correlated with all four biological aging metrics. Overall, the LE-8 score and its components were inversely associated with biological aging., suggesting that maintaining an optimal LE-8 score may attenuate the aging process.
On the Energy Transfer in Bi2WO6: ERedOx Assisted Radiative Recombination in O2 and ROS Sensing. Prospective
Authors: Nunez Oswaldo , Madriz Lorean , Vargas Ronald
Published: August 2024

Photoluminescence maximum emission signal of colloids based on Bi2WO6 suspended in an aqueous solution is blue-shifted as compared to its band gap according to Eg + (ERedOx-ECB). This process involves the exergonic non-radiative transfer of ECB electron to ERedOx and the concomitant radiative emission of a second electron that has gained ERedOx-ECB energy presumably by electrons energy levels entanglement induced via simultaneous light excitement of multiple electrons. These results constitute evidence for energy transfer with application in sensing electrolyte-electron-acceptors as reactive oxygen species that may be implemented for example in cancer and aortic dissection detection and treatment.
Correlates of small screens play in 6-10 years old Chinese children
Authors: Chen Lijian , Liao Jinjin , Ye Sunyue
Published: August 2024

Background With development of the electronic technology, the use of small or mobile devices has been widely popularized among children. The aim of this study was to explore the factors associated with small screen use and its duration among elementary school students.
Methods A total of 1121 Chinese students aged 6-10 years were recruited for this study. Logistic regression model was used to analyze the influencing factors of whether students use small screen devices and linear regression model was used to analyze the influencing factors of students' small screen time.
Results Girls (OR=0.74, p=0.035), having their own small screen devices (OR=3.66, p<0.001), unclear screen rules (OR=1.45, p<0.001), father's education level (OR=0.49, p=0.033), and mother's weekend screen time (<1 h/d as the reference group) 1-2 h/d (OR=2.49, p=0.001), 2-3 h/d (OR=2.70, p=0.001), ≥3 h/d (OR=2.27, p=0.009) were significantly associated with students’ use on screens. For total time, girls spent more time on small screens compared to boys (β=58.88, p=0.043); having their own small screen devices (β=65.47, p=0.026), the less clear the family's screen time rules (β=60.55, p<0.001), and the longer mother's weekend screen time (β=142.61, p=0.027) were associated with longer total screen time for students. Having their own small devices (OR=2.08, p=0.026) and having less clear family ST rules (OR=1.61, p=0.004) were significantly associated with a total ST on small devices of ≥ 1 hour/day.
Conclusion Availability of their own small electronic devices, clarity of family screen rules, father's education levels, and mother's weekend screen time were significantly correlated with 6-10-year-old students' screen time on small devices in China.
Effect of Aging on the Flexural Strength of Lithium Disilicate and Advanced Lithium Disilicate CAD-CAM Ceramic Materials: An in Vitro Study
Authors: Alghafees Abdulaziz , Rayyan Mohammad
Published: August 2024

Objectives. Flexural strength is a critical property of a dental ceramic material as it indicates its ability to withstand occlusal forces without breaking or cracking. This in vitro study aimed to investigate the effect of thermomechanical fatigue loading on the flexural strength of lithium disilicate (LDS) and advanced lithium disilicate (ALDS) ceramic materials.
Materials and methods. 80 specimens of LDS (IPS e.max CAD) and ALDS (CEREC Tessera) were prepared measuring 12 mm in length, 3 mm in thickness, and 4 mm in width. The specimens of each material were divided into two subgroups: one group underwent simulated aging for 1,200,000 cycles in a mastication simulator, while the other group was not subjected to aging conditions. The flexural strength was measured using a 3-point bend test on a universal testing machine. Two-way ANOVA and Independent sample t test were used to evaluate the results assuming a level of significance at p < 0.05.
Results. Both material type and aging had significant effect on the flexural strength mean values (P < 0.001). Without aging, ALDS exhibited a significantly higher mean flexural strength (585.97 ± 29.09 MPa) compared to LDS glass ceramic (388.26 ± 34.33 MPa) (P < 0.001). After aging, the mean flexural strength of ALDS and LDS were 462.05 ± 14.71 MPa, and 310.14 ± 14.33 MPa respectively (P < 0.001).
Conclusion. The flexural strength of advanced lithium disilicate glass ceramic was higher than lithium disilicate glass ceramic. Aging affected negatively the flexural strength of both materials.
The effect of nurses' Machiavellian and deontic justice personality on the tendency to make medical errors and the other factors: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Çelik Neşe
Published: August 2024

Objective
This study was conducted to investigate the effect of nurses' Machiavellian and deontic justice personality on the tendency to make medical errors. Additionally, conducted to investigate the other factors associated with nurses’ tendency to make medical errors
Methods
The study consisted of 345 nurses working in a university hospital, and data were collected using the Medical Error Tendency in Nursing Scale, the Machiavellian Personality Scale, and the Deontic Justice Scale.
Results
Machiavellian and deontic justice personality of nurses effect in low level their tendency to make medical errors (R = 0.284, p = 0.000). As the nurses’ Machiavellian tendencies increased, their propensity toward making medical errors also increased. The increase in Nurses' deontic justice reduced their tendency toward medical errors (p < 0.05). A significant difference was found between nurses’ mean tendency to medical errors scores and their age, working life/years, the number of night shifts, the daily number of patients provided with care, the status of working in the COVID-19 service, and the status of having received education on medical errors (p < 0.05).
Conclusions
Nurses who have a Machiavellian tendency and poor deontic justice have a high tendency to make medical errors. This study demonstrated that nurses' personality traits can cause medical errors. Generations are changing in the world and personality are also changing. Therefore, including personal development in nursing education could be a positive approach for medical errors.
GEOTrat Points: Free resource in QGIS software for mapping the performance of agricultural experiments
Authors: Xavier Laura , Martins George , de Oliveira Guilherme , Carneiro Murillo
Published: August 2024

Agricultural experimentation requires careful selection of the experimental design and model for analyzing treatment data. However, even with rigorous experimental control, the discrepancies between treatments are so subtle that traditional statistical models fail to highlight statistically significant differences that occur in field practice. The incorporation of geotechnologies offers the ability to map agricultural variability, but a gap still exists in the availability of tools designed to map and evaluate the effectiveness of agricultural experiments. To overcome this limitation and promote the wider application of Geographic Information Systems (GIS) in agriculture, the scope of this study focuses on the development of a resource in QGIS software, aimed at evaluating agricultural experiments using a randomized block design with up to five treatments. The resource developed incorporates spatial interpolation techniques using geostatistical kriging, map generation, and statistics. The study used yield samples from six different crops to identify quantitative and spatial differences between two-treatment experiments in terms of yield gain. The results consisted of two surfaces representing the study area treated with each of the treatments (T1 and T2), as well as a surface reflecting the yield gain of the reference treatment in relation to the control treatment, accompanied by relevant descriptive statistics measures on this gain surface. The simulated cartographic representations of the treatments, as well as the maps illustrating the yield gain, revealed both numerical and spatial distinctions between the treatments, with an accuracy of up to 95.40%. The tool, called GEOTrat - Points, offers the flexibility to evaluate agricultural experiments of various designs, encompassing different crops and different quantities of samples, providing both numerical and spatial analysis. This tool is a relevant resource for agricultural experimentation, helping to select appropriate management practices and identify the most effective treatments.
Binocular Listing’s Law For Human Eyes' Misaligned Optical Components
Authors: Turski Jacek
Published: August 2024

Human eyes' optical components are misaligned. This study presents the geometric construction of ocular torsion in the binocular system, in which the eye model incorporates the fovea that is not located on and the lens that is tilted away from the eye's optical axis. The ocular torsion computation involves Euler's rotation theorem in the framework of Rodrigue's vector. When the eyes' binocular posture changes, each eye's torsional orientation transformations are visualized in GeoGebra's dynamic geometry environment. Listing's law, which originally restricts single-eye torsional positions and has imprecise binocular extensions, is formulated ab initio for binocular fixations using Euler's rotation theorem. It replaces Listing's plane and related perpendicular primary direction with the empirical horopter's abathic distance fixation, which has a straight frontal line configuration at this fixation. Notably, it corresponds to the eye muscles' natural tonus resting position, which serves as a zero-reference level for convergence effort, providing the missing neurophysiological significance of Listing's plane. Thus, Listing's law use in clinical diagnosis and management of strabismus should be updated.
Comparative Outcomes of Standard Laser Fistula Closure (FiLaC) versus FiLaC Combined with Advancement Flap in the Treatment of Complex Anal Fistulas
Authors: Uzun Hüseyin , Kara Yalçin Burak , Eser Mehmet , Kaptanoğlu Levent , Kement Metin
Published: August 2024

Aim: This study aims to compare the clinical outcomes of patients treated for complex anal fistulas using standard laser fistula closure (FiLaC) versus FiLaC combined with an advancement flap (+FLAP).
Methods: A retrospective review was conducted on patients treated for complex anal fistulas between January 2022 and December 2023. Treatments included standard FiLaC and FiLaC combined with an advancement flap. Main outcome measures included operation duration, hospital stay, postoperative pain (VAS score), complications, and success rate
Results: A total of 47 patients were included in the study, with 25 in the standard FiLaC group and 22 in the +FLAP group. The +FLAP group had significantly longer operation times (29.7 ± 4.7 minutes vs. 18.7 ± 4.0 minutes, p < 0.001) and hospital stays (16.2 ± 5.04 hours vs. 3.9 ± 2.3 hours p < 0.001). Postoperative pain scores were similar between groups. The mean follow-up periods for the FILAC and +FLAP groups were 10.5±3.5 months and 8.4±4.0 months, respectively. The success rate was significantly higher in the +FLAP group (95.5% vs. 72%, p = 0.03).
Conclusion: Combining FiLaC with an advancement flap significantly improves primary success rates in the treatment of complex anal fistulas, despite longer operation and hospital stay times. This combined approach should be considered to enhance clinical outcomes for patients with complex anal fistulas.
Very Long Transient Oxidation of a Nickel-based Single Crystal Superalloy at 900°C and 850°C
Authors: Batiste Martin , Perez Thomas , Sanviemvongsak Tom , Desgranges Clara , Monceau Daniel
Published: August 2024

The isothermal oxidation of Ni-base single-crystal superalloy AM1 was investigated for up to 3600 hours at 850°C and 900°C. The aim of the study was to test an existing model of oxidation kinetics that considers transitory oxide growth. The samples were characterized at various intervals to correlate the microstructure of the oxide scale with the oxidation kinetics. Transition alumina (θ) was observed among other transition oxides such as spinel, rutile, and chromia, which helped in understanding the nature and kinetics of the transitory stage. After a sufficiently long duration, all samples formed a continuous α-alumina layer at the metal/oxide interface. The previously published model, based on three kinetic parameters, was validated in the temperature range of 800°C to 1200°C. The duration of the transient regime characterized in this study at 850°C and 900°C was consistent with the kinetics model, with a slight increase in the value of the model parameter describing the lateral growth kinetics of α-alumina. This modification resulted in a slight reduction in the duration of the transient regime at low temperatures.
SLM-AIE: A Systematic Literature Map of Artificial Intelligence Ethics
Authors: Atlam Elsayed , Almaliki Malik , Alfahaid Abdullah , Gad Ibrahim , Elmarhomy Ghada , Alwateer Majed , Ahmed Ali
Published: August 2024

Artificial Intelligence (AI) has rapidly evolved and is increasingly impacting various aspects of life. This rapiddevelopment and deployment of AI technologies have raised significant ethical concerns. Recently, an increasingamount of research has been conducted with the aim to guarantee that AI technologies are developed and employedin a responsible, fair, and an ethical manner, Considering the possible risks and challenges they pose. However, tothe best of our knowledge, no thorough overview and categorization of the different kinds of research achieved onthis subject has been provided yet, even with the growing interest in the subject. To try and bridge this gap, theauthors conducted a systematic mapping of the literature to gain a broad understanding about this subject over thepast seven years (2017-2023). This process resulted in the determination of 127 primary studies that satisfied thecriteria for including and excluding papers that are relevant to the context of our study. Subsequently, these studieswere classified in light of their research type, contribution type, and research focus. The findings revealed that mostof the studies examined in this research were centered around defining AI ethics and its impact on humanity fromdifferent angles such as fairness, transparency and accountability.The findings also show that research is lacking inareas such as empirical evidences on AI ethics and principles, solutions to enforce an ethical AI development andevaluation of ethical AI solutions. This study aims to assist practitioners and domain experts in identifying areas ofcurrent research gaps and prospective directions for future investigations.
Microservice Deployment in Cloud-Edge Environment using Enhanced Global Search Grey Wolf Optimizer-Greedy Algorithm
Authors: Wang Shudong , Zhang Yanxiang , He Xiao , Wang Nuanlai , Lu Zhi , Chen Baoyun , Pang Shanchen
Published: August 2024

The rapid advancement of edge-cloud technologies has made service deployment increasingly crucial. Additionally, benefiting from the reusability of services, complex applications are subdivided into different microservices. Given the constraints of limited resources, heterogeneous servers, and the geographical diversity of users, how to reasonably deploy microservices becomes a significant challenge. In this paper, we propose a microservice deployment model aimed at minimizing users' latency and maximizing edge providers' profits. The model is divided into different scenarios, each with varying trends in user request categories. To seek microservice deployment strategies, we introduce an Enhanced Global Search Grey Wolf Optimizer-Greedy (EGSGWO-G) algorithm designed for microservice deployment-offloading frameworks. This algorithm leverages EGSGWO to search for deployment strategies and evaluates them using greedy service offloading algorithm. Finally, extensive experiments demonstrate that the EGSGWO-G algorithm improves convergence speed by 31.78%, reduces latency by 12.64%, and increases provider profits by 1.30% compared to GWO-G.
Machine Learning Enabled Fast Optical Identification and Characterization of 2D Materials
Authors: Wu Yingying , Leger Polina , Ramesh Aditya , Ulloa Talianna
Published: August 2024

Two-dimensional materials are a class of atomically thin materials with assorted electronic and quantum properties. Accurate identification of layer thickness, especially for a single monolayer, is crucial for their characterization. This characterization process, however, is often time-consuming, requiring highly skilled researchers and expensive equipment like atomic force microscopy. This project aims to streamline the identification process by using machine learning to analyze optical images and quickly determine layer thickness. In this paper, we evaluate the performance of three machine learning models - SegNet, 1D U-Net, and 2D U-Net- in accurately identifying monolayers in microscopic images. Additionally, we explore labeling and image processing techniques to determine the most effective method for identifying layer thickness in this class of materials.
Decreased Metal Dusting Resistance of Ni-Cu Alloys by Fe and Mn Additions
Authors: Ulrich Anke S. , Kasatikov Sergey , König Till , Fantin Andrea , Margraf Johannes T. , Galetz Mathias C.
Published: August 2024

Ni-Cu alloys are promising for application at temperatures between 400–900°C and reducing atmospheres with high C-contents. Typically, under such conditions, metallic materials in contact with the C-rich atmosphere are degraded by a mechanism called MD. Ni-Cu-alloys do not form protective oxide scales, but their resistance is attributed to Cu, which catalytically inhibits the C-deposition on the surface. Adding other alloying elements, such as Mn or Fe, was found to enhance the MD attack of Ni-Cu alloys again. In this study, the effect of the Mn and Fe is divided into two affected areas: the surface and the bulk. The MD attack on binary Ni-Cu alloys, model alloys with Fe and Mn additions, and commercial Monel Alloy 400 is experimentally demonstrated. The surface electronic structure causing the adsorption and dissociation of C-containing molecules is investigated for model alloys. Analytical methods such as scanning electron microscopy combined with energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, electron probe microanalysis combined with wavelength-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction analysis, and near-edge X-ray absorption fine structure measurements were used. The results are correlated to CALPHAD calculations and atomistic simulations combining density functional theory calculations and machine learning. It is found that the Cu content plays a significant role in the surface reaction. The effect of Mn and Fe is mainly attributed to oxide formation. A mechanism explaining the enhanced attack by adding both Fe and Mn is proposed.
Structural Study of Selectivity Mechanisms for JNK3 and p38α with Indazole Scaffold Probing Compounds
Authors: Park HaJeung , Feng Yangbo
Published: August 2024

Selectivity is a primary focus in medicinal chemistry for ATP-competitive kinase inhibitors due to the highly conserved ATP binding pockets in the kinome. A decade of medicinal chemistry efforts has been carried out to develop selective inhibitors for JNKs, resulting in the identification of numerous promising scaffolds that even exhibit isoform selectivity. Thiophene-indazole is one of the scaffolds explored for isoform selectivity. Some iterations of this scaffold have also shown selectivity for p38α. In this study, we utilized four compounds derived from thiophene-indazole to investigate the mechanisms of selectivity for JNK3 and p38α. We determined crystal structures of the inhibitors bound to either JNK3 or p38α and subjected them to molecular dynamics (MD) simulations to understand the binding mechanism and critical interactions that govern affinity and selectivity for these two important kinases. The findings from this study provides valuable information for improving current lead inhibitors and developing a new generation of JNK3 isoform inhibitors.
NeuroVelo: interpretable learning of temporal cellular dynamics from single-cell data
Authors: Boudjelthia Idris Kouadri , Milite Salvatore , Kazwini Nour El , Huang Yuanhua , Sottoriva Andrea , Sanguinetti Guido
Published: August 2024

Reconstructing temporal cellular dynamics from static single-cell transcriptomics remains a major challenge. Methods based on RNA velocity are useful, but interpreting their results to learn new biology remains difficult, and their predictive power is limited. Here we propose NeuroVelo, a method that couples learning of an optimal linear projection with non-linear Neural Ordinary Differential Equations. Unlike current methods, it uses dynamical systems theory to model biological processes over time, hence NeuroVelo can identify what genes and mechanisms drive the temporal cellular dynamics. We benchmark NeuroVelo against several state-of-the-art methods using single-cell datasets, demonstrating that NeuroV-elo has high predictive power but is superior to competing methods in identifying the mechanisms that drive cellular dynamics over time. We also show how we can use this method to infer gene regulatory networks that drive cell fate directly from the data.
Federated Gradient Boosting using Minimal Variance Sampling
Authors: Lindskog-Münzing William , Nugraha Daniel Nata , Prehofer Christian
Published: August 2024

Federated learning (FL) has emerged as a paradigm for training machine learning models on decentralized data while preserving privacy. This paper introduces a novel approach called Federated gradient BOOsting using Minimal variance sampling (FedBOOM). FedBOOM leverages gradient boosting to construct a robust global model by iteratively aggregating weak learners trained on locally sampled data from clients. Crucially, it employs minimal variance sampling (MVS) to select relevant data points from each client, reducing overhead communication and mitigating the impact of data heterogeneity. Through theoretical analysis and extensive experiments, we find that FedBOOM achieves a superior performance with a subsampling fraction of less than 1.0. In most experiments, a fraction of 0.4-0.6 is optimal and outperforms that of no subsampling (fraction of 1.0) with on average 5.5\%. Use of optimal subsampling fraction for FedBOOM can also reduce communication cost with 40\% on average.
­­Tsunami hazard induced by an Early Holocene landslide in the Tagus delta off Lisbon (Portugal)
Authors: Ramalho I. , Omira R. , Terrinha P.
Published: August 2024

Submarine landslides are a major source of tsunamis, with waves highly dependent of the properties of both the landslide and the marine domain. This study investigates the tsunamigenesis of a shallow-water submarine landslide, recently mapped at the mouth of the Tagus delta River, off Lisbon, Portugal. The Tagus delta landslide is estimated to be 8 ky old, with a depositional maximum thickness of ~ 20 m and a volume of approximately 0.27 km3, extending over more than 9 km in length and 3 km in width. We assess the tsunamigenic potential and hazard of this possible early Holocene landslide using numerical simulations over high resolution reconstructed paleo-bathymetry, and project a similar future landslide scenario under the present-day conditions. Results show that both paleo- and future landslide scenarios are tsunamigenic, posing a significant tsunami hazard to the nearest coasts of Lisbon and surrounding areas. At the source region, the formed tsunami reached heights of 0.8 m (paleo-scenario) and 1.45 m (future-scenario), increasing to approximately 2 m (both scenarios) as it propagated towards Lisbon’s coastline. This study is a first attempt to address the tsunamigenic potential of a submarine landslide occurring in a shallow water environment of the Portuguese margin domain. The results reinforce the need to include these small, but frequent, events and their induced tsunamis in marine geo-hazard assessments of the region.
Improved YOLOv8n-based Helmet Wearing Inspection Measurement Method Study
Authors: chen xinying , jiao zhisheng , liu yuefan
Published: August 2024

This paper proposes the YOLOv8n_H method to address issues regarding parameter redundancy, slow inference speed, and suboptimal detection precision in contemporary helmet-wearing target recognition algorithms. The YOLOv8 C2f module is enhanced with a new SC_Bottleneck structure, incorporating the SCConv module, now termed SC_C2f, to mitigate model complexity and computational costs. Additionally, the original Detect structure is substituted with the PC-Head decoupling head, leading to a significant reduction in parameter count and an enhancement in model efficiency. Moreover, the original Detect structure is replaced by the PC-Head decoupling head, significantly reducing parameter count and enhancing model efficiency. Finally, regression accuracy and convergence speed are boosted by the dynamic non-monotonic focusing mechanism introduced through the WIoU boundary loss function. Experimental results on the expanded SHWD dataset demonstrate a 46.63% reduction in model volume, a 44.19% decrease in parameter count, a 54.88% reduction in computational load, and a maximum accuracy improvement to 93.8% compared to the original YOLOv8 algorithm. In comparison to other algorithms, the model proposed in this paper markedly reduces model size, parameter count, and computational load while ensuring superior detection accuracy.