bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Work Integrated Learning Online Enrichment Intervention Programme for Student Teachers
Authors: Mabalane Valencia Tshinompheni
Published: July 2021

The study is based on research conducted on work-integrated learning (WIL), also known as teaching practice during the online enrichment and intervention programme for final-year student teachers at a tertiary institution in Johannesburg. This programme was conducted from 2016 and modified in 2020 to enhance and improve the History methodology student teachers’ Pedagogic Knowledge and Pedagogic Content Knowledge (PCK), during the Corona virus pandemic using different online tools. Former students of the institution who are now teachers, school learners and a psychologist participated in the process of enhancing the student-teachers’ WIL. The purpose of the study was to explore the effectiveness of the online enrichment intervention programme in providing History student teachers with necessary teaching skills and to ensure readiness for WIL during the Covid -19 period. The main research question was: “To what extent can the online enrichment intervention programmes for student-teachers improve and enhance teaching practice before and during WIL in the context of covid-19?” Qualitative research methods of observation, interviews and document analysis were used with a sample of 90 Post-Graduate Certificate in Education (PGCE) and 4th year Bachelor of Education (BEd) students. The findings indicated that the online enrichment intervention programme improved student-teachers’ confidence, emotional readiness before and during WIL and the unfavourable circumstances in their classrooms. Student-teachers reported better understanding of the need for proactive planning for any circumstance or situation. Despite the constraints imposed by the pandemic, they observed changes in their conceptualisation of teaching, improvement in their interaction with learners, in classroom management, in their ability to implement different teaching strategies, resources and assessment tasks.
Application of MALDI-TOF MS for identification of clinical isolates of bacteria from humans and animals
Authors: Kosikowska Urszula , Stępień-Pyśniak Dagmara , Pietras-Ożga Dorota , Andrzejczuk Sylwia , Juda Marek , Malm Anna
Published: July 2021

Routinely used diagnostic methods are insufficient to identify the microorganisms with unusual biochemical properties or less commonly occurring, including zoonotic microorganisms. During our study the possibility of identification of different bacteria isolated from humans and from breeding birds using MALDI-TOF MS (Matrix Assisted Laser Desorption/Ionization Time-of-Flight Mass Spectrometry) and biochemical methods was compared. The material for the study were 6 reference strains from ATCC, 30 isolates selected from healthy people (throat and nasal swabs) and 16 isolates selected from birds breeding (throat swabs from the vicinity of throat of asymptomatic birds and biopsies from the heart of the dead birds). Isolates were identified based on their biochemical properties
(biochemical microtests and panels for biochemical analyzer Vitek 2) or based on a protein profile using MALDI-TOF MS technique. Biochemical methods were sufficient to identify the most common and relevant to human pathology pathogens such as e.g. Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus; these results were consistent with the data obtained using MALDI-TOF MS. Identification of less common bacteria required the use of MALDI-TOF MS, because some bacteria isolated from humans or breeding birds could not be classified by their biochemical properties. The biggest differences were observed in the case of bacteria from the Pasteurellaceae family, which on the basis of biochemical properties were classified mainly as Haemophilus spp., whereas in accordance to the results obtained from the protein profile as Avibacterium endocarditidis. Identification of microorganisms using MALDI-TOF MS has proved to be more useful in the diagnosis of micro-organisms rarely isolated or problematic in routine diagnostics.
Discrepant D-dimer results between Innovance D-Dimer and Vidas D-Dimer Exclusion II assays
Authors: Góralczyk Tadeusz , Iwaniec Teresa , Siudut Jakub , Undas Anetta
Published: July 2021

Background. The concentration of D-dimer (DD) below the 500 ng/mL FEU cut-off value is one of the criteria for exclusion of venous thromboembolism (VTE). The aim of this study was to evaluate the incidence of increased plasma DD in patients with a low risk of VTE among healthy individuals and in patients who have had VTE episodes in the past.
Material & Methods. 130 healthy people and 117 patients presenting due to objectively documented VTE episodes were included in this study. DD concentrations were determined using Innovance D-Dimer assay on the BCS XP analyzer and Vidas D-Dimer Exclusion II assay on the VIDAS analyzer.
Results. In the group of healthy subjects and patients after VTE episodes DD higher than 500 ng/mL FEU using Innovance D-Dimer assay were in 9 (6.9%) and 4 (3.4%) cases, respectively. Of these 13 patients, only 3 of the group of healthy individuals were with DD level above cut-off using VIDAS D-Dimer assay. In the group of healthy people subjects with discrepant results of DD were older (p=0.04), than the others.
Conclusions. Among apparently healthy people or patients with a history of VTE approximately 3 – 7% tested positive with Innovance D-Dimer, while above 50% of them had DD <500 ng/mL using Vidas D dimer Exclusion II. Our data confirm that elevated plasma DD level without careful clinical analysis should not be the basis for ordering expensive imaging testing, but positive DD should be considered to verify using other tests, when clinical diagnosis makes another cause of a such abnormality possible.
Osmotic fragility of red blood cells – a review of diagnostic methods
Authors: Zgodzińska Agata , Ciepiela Olga
Published: July 2021

Osmotic Fragility Test (OFT) is widely considered as a sensitive indicator of red blood cells sensitivity to the hypotonic solution. Traditional osmotic fragility test (Dacie and Lewis) is time and work-consuming, and need relatively large minimum volume of peripheral blood for proper test performance. It does not belong to the most popular tests in a daily laboratory practice. The purpose of this article is to underline the diagnostic value of the Osmotic Fragility Test as well as present the latest methods that improves the traditional technique,
such as Acidified Glycerol Lysis Test (AGLT 50), Pink Test, or Flow Cytometric Osmotic Fragility Test (FCM OF Test). Perhaps a new, fresh view at the issue in the nearest future will contribute to reconsider the osmotic fragility test for routine diagnostic screening of red blood cell disorders in children and adults.
Evaluation of catecholamines in erythrocytes in hemodialysis patients
Authors: Dziedzic Marcin , Orłowska Ewelina , Bednarek-Sublewska Anna , Woliński Andrzej , Solski Janusz
Published: July 2021

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a syndrome developing as a result of congenital or acquired diseases of the urinary tract,
which is a consequence of end-stage renal failure. There are a variety of metabolic dysfunction, and accumulation of toxic substances,
this leads to neurological disorders, in particular dysfunction of the sympathetic nervous system. Raised sympathetic
activity is now recognized as an important mechanism involved in cardiovascular complication in humans. The main mediators
of the sympathetic nervous system in the effectors part are catecholamines (CA), which are involved in various physiological
processes. CA released into the circulation, as one of many substances, may penetrate across the cellular membranes of
erytrocytes. The aim of this study was to evaluate concentrations of catecholamines in erythrocytes (RBC) and used it as prediction
of mortality in the haemodialysis patients.
Material and Methods: The studies were performed among 37 haemodialysed patients. Extractions of catecholamines from
erythrocytes lysate was carried out with a ChromSystems Reagent kit for HPLC (Germany) analysis. Intracellular concentration
of catecholamines were measured prior to and following haemodialysis by the method of high performance liquid chromatography
with electrochemical detection (HPLC-ED).
Results: Diagnostic sensitivity and specificity of delta A RBC positive and negative predictive values for cut-off value 44.87 pg/
mL were 77.78% and 82.14%, respectively. The area under the curve equal (AUC) to 0.73 (p<0.01) indicates a good diagnostic
usefulness of RBC adrenaline as an independent predictor of mortality.
Conclusions: The results suggest that the dynamic changes in concentration of erythrocytes adrenaline are an independent
predictor of mortality in haemodialysis patients.
Methods of prognostic factors detection in childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia
Authors: Sędek Łukasz
Published: July 2021

Acute leukemias constitute a heterogeneous group of diseases. The most common leukemia subtype in children is B-cell precursor
acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Development of acute leukemias is a consequence of at least so-called two unfavorable events. The
first event results in DNA damage, which in part of the cases takes place during fetal development. Therefore, in majority of patients at
diagnosis, it is possible to detect particular genetic abnormalities in leukemic blasts. Flow cytometry is currently broadly used technique
in laboratories dealing with hematological disorders. It enables determination of the antigen repertoire (phenotype) of leukemic cells,
including the antigens associated with certain genetic abnormalities (such as prognostically favorable t(12;21) translocation or MLL
gene rearrangements being a marker of poor prognosis). DNA content, which is also a prognostic factor, can be evaluated both with
flow cytometry and classical cytogenetics. Other techniques, such as reverse transriptase polymerase chain reaction, fluorescent in
situ hybridization, are also commonly used in diagnostic laboratories. These techniques enable detection of changes at chromosomal
or single-gene level and are most frequently targeted into particular aberration, both of favorable and unfavorable prognosis. There
are also more advanced, highly sensitive genetic techniques (such as multiplex ligation-dependent probe amplification, array-comparative
genomic hybridization, next generation sequencing), but their application is limited for research. Particular techniques have
their advantages and limitations, differ with result production time, sensitivity and specificity, cost of the analysis as well as availability
Atherogenesis in hypothyroid patients
Authors: Gutowska Kinga , Lampka Magdalena
Published: July 2021

Hypothyroidism may lead to circulatory system impairment, which could appear as atherosclerotic lesions in blood vessels and ischemic
heart disease. Thyroid hormones deficiency directly affects on heart and blood vessels functions, or they may promote metabolic
changes, which affect atherosclerosis. Hypothyroidism influences in decreasing stroke volume and cardiac contractility, arterial media
intima thickness, and arterial smooth muscles diastole disorders. Atherogenesis is characterized by lipoprotein metabolism disorders,
which increase total cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, apoprotein B–100 and triglycerides. High LDL levels during hypothyroidism may be
the result of LDL receptors reduction. The lipid profile alterations could be the consequence of specific enzymes and proteins decreased
activity: hepatic lipase, lipoprotein lipase and cholesteryl ester transfer protein, which maintain correct lipid metabolism. Hypothyroidism
may contribute to oxidative LDL modifications, thus tyroxine has antioxidant effect on lipoproteins. Increased atherosclerosis risk
in the course of hypothyroidism may be caused also by elevated lipoprotein (a) level. Atherogenesis is often associated with chronic
inflammation, which leads to increased C-reactive protein level. Moreover, it may be connected with hyperhomocysteinemia, which is
caused by decreasing activity of enzymes remethylating homocysteine, and by reducing renal clearance of homocysteine. Regarding
to hemostatic system, patients suffering from hypothyroidism are characterized by impaired coagulation factors synthesis and by intensified
fibrynolysis, which manifest as increased bleeding tendency. Atherogenesis in hypothyroid patients is a compound mechanism.
The coexistence of lipid abnormalities, intensified inflammation, and hyperhomocysteinemia amplifies atherogenesis in the course of
hypothyroidism. However changes, which are observed in hemostatic system may prevent escalating of atherosclerosis.
Legal regulations regarding laboratory diagnostician profession
in the context of other medical professions regulations.
Suggestions amend the laboratory diagnostics law.
Authors: Kowalska Mariola , Augustynowicz Anna , Czerw Aleksandra
Published: July 2021

The article presents legal regulations regarding laboratory diagnostician profession in the context of medical doctor, dentist, nurse and
midwife professions regulations. Performing at each profession relies on delivering health care services adequate to the professions
respectively. In the case of laboratory diagnosticians the services delivery is performing some laboratory diagnostics work. Practising
a medical profession includes also other services that are not health care services. However, the legislator weights differently performing
non-medical services as a part of practising a profession. In the case of laboratory diagnosticians these are research and academic
activities in the field of laboratory diagnostics. As a consequence a laboratory diagnostician who is in charge of a medical entity who
is employed at the Ministry of Health and performs duties related to preparing, organising or supervising health care services is not
practising the profession; who is employed at the National Health Fund; who is the president of the National Laboratory Diagnosticians
Board is not practising the profession. To change these circumstances it would be necessary to amend the laboratory diagnostics law
by pointing the duties that are not the laboratory diagnostics services, but are a part of the laboratory diagnostician profession.
Selection of Indonesian Medicinal Plant Active Compounds as Inhibitor Candidates of Oncoproteins E6 and E7 Human Papillomavirus Type 16 by Molecular Docking
Authors: Syafitri Riyanti Weni , Fibriani Azzania , Aditama Reza
Published: July 2021

Cervical cancer cases caused by infection with Human Papillomavirus (HPV), especially HPV 16 (60.5% of cases) continue to increase every year with a high mortality rate. The current anti-cancer drugs were not only specifically targeting cancer cells, but healthy cells and can cause serious side effects. Therefore, it is necessary to find safer alternative therapies, e.g., using active compounds from natural products. The purpose of this study was to find the active compounds of Indonesian medicinal plants potentially as an inhibitor of oncoprotein E6 and E7 HPV 16, the main protein causing cervical cancer by in silico method. In this study, 711 active compounds from 187 medicinal plant species were selected based on molecular weight, solubility, gastrointestinal absorption index, and drug-likeness. Compounds that meet the criteria were tested for their affinity and interaction profile with E6 and E7 proteins through the molecular docking method. The results of this study showed 164 compounds that met the criteria. The molecular docking analysis showed nine of the most potent compounds as E6 inhibitors on the E6AP binding site and six compounds on the p53 binding site. Besides that, there were eleven most potent compounds as E7 inhibitors.  The results of this study indicate that there are natural compounds that can inhibit E6 and E7 proteins and have further potential to be used as anti-HPV drugs. However, further research is needed to test these compounds in vitro and in vivo.
Optimasi Frekuensi Pemberian Pakan terhadap Performa Pertumbuhan Udang Putih (Litopenaeus vannamei) pada Fase Grow-out
Authors: Ihsanario Alif , Ridwan Ahmad
Published: July 2021

Udang putih (Litopenaeus vannamei) merupakan komoditas industri perikanan yang produksinya berkembang pesat sejak awal 1970-an. Indonesia sebagai salah satu sumbangsih pasar ekspor udang putih terbesar di dunia terus berusaha untuk menginkatkan produksi. Dalam meningkatkan produksi udang putih para pelaku budidaya terus diterjang permasalahan seperti performa pertumbuhan yang tidak optimal. Salah satu faktor terbesar yang berpengaruh terhadap performa pertumbuhan serta efisiensi produksi udang putih adalah manajemen pakan yang optimal. Manajemen pakan meliputi frekuensi pemberian pakan, metode pengendalian input pakan dan sebagainya. Studi pustaka ini bertujuan untuk memberikan masukan dalam menentukan frekuensi pemberian pakan yang optimal untuk laju pertumbuhan, sintasan dan feed converison ratio (FCR) dalam produksi udang putih. Metode yang diterapkan pada studi pustaka ini adalah semi-systematic review dengan mengikuti alur PRISMA untuk pencarian pustaka rujukan, yang meliputi identification, screening, eligibility dan inclusion. Delapan pustaka primer didapatkan dari berbagai jurnal, dengan indeks kredibilitas H Index secara berurutan 18, 50, 55, 72, 80, 164 (empat artikel dari jurnal Q1 dan tiga artikel dari jurnal Q2), dan satu artikel dari jurnal yang belum terindeks scopus namun tetap diinklusikan karena relevan terhadap studi pustaka ini. Hasil analisis data menunjukkan bahwa pemberian pakan dengan sistem on-demand (AQ1) memberikan laju pertumbuhan terbaik sebesar 2,45 g/minggu (P < 0,05). Tidak ditemukan pengaruh signifikan dari frekuensi pemberian pakan terhadap sintasan dan FCR (P > 0,05). Frekuensi pemberian pakan yang paling optimal untuk produksi udang putih dalam skala industri adalah dengan sistem on-demand (AQ1).

Kata Kunci: frekuensi, pakan, pertumbuhan, FCR, sintasan, Litopenaeus vannamei
Pesquisa qualitativa em medicina de família e comunidade
Authors: Norman Armando Henrique
Published: July 2021

Os contextos históricos e sociais de cada país moldam a pesquisa, os serviços e a qualidade de formação dos profissionais na área da saúde. Assim, a especialização é fruto desses processos e a pesquisa reflete cada campo de atuação. Este ensaio explora três pontos sobre a pesquisa em Medicina de Família e Comunidade (MFC), a saber: (a) a pesquisa e a formação específica em MFC, em que se questiona a necessidade de investigar o valor da MFC; (b) o olhar generalista que se faz necessário para orientar a pesquisa nessa área do conhecimento médico; e (c) a pesquisa qualitativa como metodologia mais adequada para a análise desse campo de conhecimento médico. Essa linha de pesquisa é a que melhor contribui na investigação das especificidades da MFC e a sua importância para o cuidado em saúde. Portanto, para navegar no contexto complexo da atenção primária à saúde (APS), os princípios filosóficos da MFC deveriam nortear tanto as atividades acadêmicas e programas de residência como as iniciativas de pesquisa em MFC.
Implementing an Intervention in the Spelman College African Diaspora and the World Course
Authors: Jackson Francesina , Guillory Wright Jimmeka , Blankson A. , Viceisza Angelino , Wade Bruce
Published: July 2021

This article describes an interdisciplinary team of researchers’ exploration of the impact of metacognitive instruction on first-year students enrolled in Spelman’s signature course—African Diaspora and the World (ADW). The two-phased, randomized controlled trial influenced administrators to increase the number of ADW sections, focused faculty discussions on pedagogy rather than content, emphasized the interdisciplinary perspective of the course, used a long-term developmental approach to professional development, and required all students to use ADW peer tutoring. The majority of faculty and students viewed these changes positively.
Mental Marronage on the Metacognitive Mountain
Authors: Lockhart Lana
Published: July 2021

Just as their ancestors went through the process of being physically liberated, students must undergo the process of being intellectually liberated—a mental marronage. Historically, the term marronage classified those who were enslaved, emancipating themselves by way of escape from the plantation, forming free and independent communities, and resisting, through armed rebellion, those who opposed their freedom. Essentially, African Diaspora and the World teaches students to use their minds for the same purpose. Hence, a mental marronage is a psychological emancipation from the negative perceptions surrounding those of African descent, created by forming communities of intellectuals, who use their knowledge of the African Diaspora to reform the historical narrative through creative forms of active and written resistance. Students, just as many authors have done, must pick up their pens and use their writing as a method of connecting, critiquing, and changing their world.
Toward an Understanding of "Ashé" as an Aesthetic Condition
Authors: Lindsay Arturo
Published: July 2021

As an artist and cultural investigator specializing in contemporary art theory and practice, my area of research is centered on African spiritual and aesthetic retentions, rediscoveries and reinventions in the African diaspora. As an educator, my pedagogical interest is in constructing new and innovative teaching methods to critically analyze works of art. I was therefore eager to introduce the concept of ashé as an aesthetic criterion to my students and colleagues but needed to test my hypothesis. To that end I created a research project to assess the viabilityof my hypothesis.

The results of my investigation led to the creation of a series of four weekly workshops that challenge participants to conduct critical analyses of works of art using ashé as a criterion along with the accepted formal elements of art and principles of design. To date, I have conducted these workshops with a diverse population of students from Spelman College, Morehouse College, Clark Atlanta University, Emory University and Colgate University. Spelman College’s African Diaspora and the World program (ADW)1 has embraced my project and a number of faculty members have used it in the classroom with promising results. The primary purpose of this essay is to introduce the project to a broader audience of students, educators, and scholars.
Women's Health in Uganda
Authors: Hawkins Maren , Anguzu Ronald , Weinhardt Lance , Watson Rongal , Gilman Kelsey , Hawkins Stephen
Published: July 2021

The landscape surrounding reproductive health in Uganda is underpinned by layered interactions between a host of powerful factors, all of which contribute to grim health outcomes for Ugandan women. Yet, over the last two decades, several key interventions have demonstrated success in improving women’s reproductive health, including the implementation of diagonal approaches to healthcare delivery and grassroots educational programs. This review synthesizes a diverse body of literature and elucidates the relationship between colonialism, neocolonialism, gender inequality, ethnolinguistic fractionalization, andwomen’s health outcomes in Uganda. To clarify several key terms, gender inequality defined as, “allowing people different opportunities due to perceived differences based solely on issues of gender” (Parziale 978). Ethnolinguistic fractionalization involves considering how multiple languages and ethnic groups can create greater perceived distances between groups. Thus, this narrative literature review will explicate the socio-historical framework impacting women’s health and describe several successful interventions in promoting women’s health in Uganda.
Caracterização da Propagação de Rumores no Twitter utilizando Redes Textuais Temporais
Authors: Pereira Fabíola S. F.
Published: July 2021

Plataformas de mídias sociais são o principal meio de difusão de informação e notícias, sendo valiosas em muitas aplicações. Ao mesmo tempo, são plataformas que potencializam a difusão de rumores e notícias falsas. Três elementos fundamentais para entender a informação trocada entre pessoas em redes sociais são os indivíduos ou atores, a informação que eles trocam e o tempo quando tais informações são trocadas. Neste artigo é apresentada uma análise da propagação de rumores utilizando estruturas de redes textuais temporais. Os resultados indicam que tais estruturas são ideais para análise do problema de propagação de rumores no Twitter.
Measuring the Degree of Divergence when Labeling Tweets in the Electoral Scenario
Authors: Santos Jéssica S. , Bernardini Flávia , Paes Aline
Published: July 2021

Analyzing electoral trends in political scenarios using social media with data mining techniques has become popular in recent years. A problem in this field is to reliably annotate data during the short period of electoral campaigns. In this paper, we present a methodology to measure labeling divergence and an exploratory analysis of data related to the 2018 Brazilian Presidential Elections. As a result, we point out some of the main characteristics that lead to a high level of divergence during the annotation process in this domain. Our analysis shows a high degree of divergence mainly in regard to sentiment labels. Also, a significant difference was identified between labels obtained by manual annotation and labels obtained using an automatic annotation approach.
A Nudez como Estereótipo de Beleza através das Lentes do Instagram
Authors: Matos Breno , Benevenuto Fabrício , Silva Ana Paula Couto da
Published: July 2021

Redes sociais são parte do processo de construção de padrões de beleza, seja reforçando padrões do mundo real ou criando novas definições, replicadas fora do ambiente digital. Entretanto, este processo é propício para o surgimento de vieses. Na literatura, grande parte dos estudos focam em avaliar impacto de gênero e etnia na construção de padrões e vieses. Entretanto, pouco é discutido sobre o impacto de nudez sobre a percepção de beleza em imagens publicadas em redes sociais. Neste trabalho, exploramos essa lacuna, utilizando fotos publicadas no Instagram.
Análise Exploratória das Dúvidas sobre a COVID-19 Publicadas no Twitter
Authors: Melo Tiago de
Published: July 2021

As pessoas comumente postam dúvidas sobre saúde em redes sociais. Neste trabalho foi desenvolvido um método baseado em modelagem de tópicos para descobrir as principais questões relacionadas à COVID-19 publicadas no Twitter. Também foi desenvolvido um modelo para identificar as principais entidades de diferentes categorias. As descobertas podem ajudar os políticos e organizações de saúde no entendimento das principais dúvidas sobre a doença.
Das milícias digitais ao comportamento coordenado: métodos interdisciplinares de análise e identificação de bots nas eleições brasileiras
Authors: Santos João Guilherme Bastos dos , Ituassu Arthur , Lifschitz Sérgio , Guimarães Thayane , Cerqueira Diego , Albu Debora , Fernando Redson , Ferreira Julia Hellen , Mondelli Maria Luiza
Published: July 2021

Para apoiar a detecção de comportamento automatizado em redes sociais no cenário brasileiro, o presente trabalho aplica cinco métodos de identificação de bots - análises de (i) redes, (ii) sentimento, (iii) perfil, (iv) temporal e (v) cruzamento dessas análises - a possı́veis bots nos comentários de tweets dos candidatos à prefeitura das capitais Rio de Janeiro, São Paulo, Recife, Porto Alegre e Fortaleza em 2020. Após identificação, seguimos duas frentes de análise (a saber, de redes e lexical), para identificação de clusters de bots e similaridade de vocabulários utilizados por eles, bem como diferentes tipos de bots. Dentre os resultados preliminares obtidos, destacamos a multiplicidade de tipos de automatização, compreensão das variações regionais e atuação de bots no cenário eleitoral brasileiro.
DLPS baseado em Deep Learning: Nova Abordagem para Detecção de Exfiltração em HDFS
Authors: Martins James de Castro , Weigang Li , Garcia Luís Paulo Faina , Castro Gabriel Alves
Published: July 2021

Este artigo descreve segurança cibernética aplicada a Mídias Sociais com ênfase no uso de HDFS para armazenamento e processamento de grandes volumes de dados. O objetivo foi desenvolver um framework de DLPS baseado em ML que melhore a precisão na identificação de vazamento de dados em estruturas de HDFS. Assim, identificou-se as principais categorias de abordagens em segurança cibernética, no âmbito de HDFS, em comparação com Framework MITRE ATT&CK. Lacunas de pesquisas foram identificadas, em trabalhos realizados envolvendo DLPS e Machine Learning, oferecendo a necessidade do desenvolvimento de soluções correlacionadas. Um framework baseado em Deep Learning aplicado aos metadados e logs do Hadoop é proposto como solução para melhorar a detecção de exfiltração.
Social network analysis and mining: challenges and applications
Authors: Fonseca Bruna P. , Albuquerque Priscila C. , Zicker Fabio , Morel Carlos M.
Published: July 2021

Social network analysis and mining (SNAM) is a powerful tool to dis- close relevant information hidden in large volumes of raw data. Its application to several research fields, powered by automation and advanced computing infrastructure, expanded its use and brought along new challenges. In this paper, we provide a critical perspective on SNAM’s major challenges, by discussing a few examples. We also address some promising applications that can potentially translate SNAM results into practical knowledge.
»Progressive refugee masculinities«: Väterlichkeiten und Care-Verantwortung Geflüchteter im Spannungsfeld progressiver und hegemonialer Männlichkeiten
Authors: Tunç Michael
Published: July 2021

Ausgehend von gegenwärtigen Debatten um caring masculinities als Gegenkraft zu hegemonialen Männlichkeiten wird der Begriff der progressiven Männlichkeit vorgestellt und im Zusammenhang mit Fluchtmigration reflektiert. Auf Basis der empirischen Rekonstruktion der narrativen Selbstpräsentationen eines geflüchteten Vaters aus Syrien wird danach gefragt, welches Potenzial der Begriff der progressiven (geflüchteten) Männlichkeit hat, um Transformationen von Väterlichkeit geflüchteter Männer analysieren zu können. Die im Interview erkennbaren Spannungsfelder der Narrativierung von Väterlichkeit zwischen progressiven und hegemonialen Deutungsmustern von Männlichkeit werden dann im Kontext relevanter Forschungsergebnisse und mit Bezug auf Entwicklungen der Männlichkeitstheorie diskutiert.
Gesellschaftliche Asymmetrien, Prosozialität und ein drittes Prinzip – Perspektiven auf moderne Gesellschaften im Anschluss an Marcel Mauss‘ Essay „Die Gabe“
Authors: Frick Marc
Published: July 2021

Marcel Mauss schrieb 1924, er habe in den Motiven des „archaischen“ Gabentauschs vormoderner Gesellschaften „einen der Felsen gefunden, auf denen unsere Gesellschaften ruhen“ (Mauss, 1990, S. 19). Gabenpraktiken bestehen auch in modernen Gesellschaften fort, ohne dass das sozialtheoretische Denken der Gegenwart ihnen ausreichend Beachtung schenkt. Deshalb wird in diesem Beitrag die ethnologische Gabentheorie mit Fragen des guten Zusammenlebens, der ökonomischen Regulierung und der Ausgestaltung wohlfahrtsstaatlicher Programme verknüpft. Es wird untersucht, wann Gabensysteme gegenüber Marktsystemen die bessere Wahl darstellen können und wo innerhalb wohlfahrtsstaatlicher Regimes mehr Raum für Interaktionen im Sinne der Gabe gelassen werden sollte. Gabenpraktiken etablieren Kommunikationsformen, schaffen Verhandlungsräume, stiften vertrauensbildende Interaktionen und soziale Beziehungen. Entsprechend ist es auch in modernen Gesellschaften essentiell, diese Praktiken zu erhalten und sie gegenüber den dominanten Ordnungsprinzipien Markt und Staat zu stärken.
Zu einem tieferen Verständnis von Gemeingütern durch Commons und Commoning
Authors: Micken Simon , Moldenhauer Joschka
Published: July 2021

Dieser Beitrag befasst sich mit den Begriffen der Gemeingüter, der Commons und des Commoning. Dabei wird nicht nur ein Überblick über die Begriffe gegeben, sondern diese ins Verhältnis gesetzt und neue Bezüge zum anthropologischen Verständnis wirtschaftlichen Handelns im Kontext der Kooperation als soziale Praxis hergestellt. Abschließend stellt dieser Beitrag das transformative Potential von Commons und Commoning heraus.
Wer ist das Wir? Zur Konzeptualisierung von Solidarität, Zugehörigkeit und gesellschaftlicher Fragmentierung
Authors: Kohlenberger Judith
Published: July 2021

Der Beitrag widmet sich Dimensionen des Wir-Begriffs und daraus abgeleiteten Formen der Solidarität. Die gegenseitige Assoziation in einer Gemeinschaft, ob real oder imaginiert, wird als Grundvoraussetzung für den solidarischen Impetus verstanden. Kulturtheoretisch steht dahinter die intersubjektive Abhängigkeit des Selbst vom Anderen in einer Hegelschen Dialektik, die im post-kolonialen Konzept des Othering problematisiert wird. Das „Fremd(er)machen“ von Menschen, die als sozioökonomisch „unten“ oder ethnisch/nationalstaatlich „draußen“, also im Spivakschen Sinne als subaltern, konstruiert sind, wird als wesentlicher Faktor für eine Fragmentierung der Gesellschaft beschrieben, aus der Ent-Solidarisierung folgt. Anhand empirischer Befunde argumentiert der Beitrag, Solidarität nicht als binär zu verstehen, sondern als dynamisches Kontinuum mit Nuancierungen, die horizontal wie vertikal changieren können.
Die Genossenschaft als hybride Organisation – Eine morphologisch-typologische Analyse
Authors: Blome-Drees Johannes , Moldenhauer Joschka
Published: July 2021

Dieser Beitrag befasst sich mit einer Morphologie der Genossenschaft als hybride Organisation, die in eine Typenbildung von Genossenschaften mündet. Dabei wird die Hybridität morphologisch-typologisch als spezifische Verbindung von Eigennutz und Gemeinnutz sowie unterschiedlicher Organisationsformen und -logiken analysiert. Abschließend werden die gebildeten Typen innerhalb der Cluster zivilgesellschaftlicher und marktorientierter Genossenschaften verortet.
Výjimečný stav a jeho regulace v právním státě
Authors: Kollert Lukáš
Published: July 2021

Článek se zaměřuje na výjimečný stav a řešení krizí v právním státě a hledá odpověď na otázku, který z možných přístupů v dané oblasti je z hlediska zájmu na dlouhodobém udržení právního státu a náležitém plnění jeho funkcí nejvhodnější. V předložené studii věnujeme pozornost problematice řešení krizí v kontextu právního státu, zkoumáme pojem výjimečného stavu, ukazujeme kontroverze, konfuze a problémy, které jsou s ním spojeny, představujeme možné způsoby reakce veřejné moci na krizové situace a posuzujeme jejich přednosti a nedostatky. V návaznosti na závěr, že výjimečný stav by měl být upraven v pozitivním právu, následně věnujeme pozornost otázce, jakým způsobem a v souladu s jakými zásadami by do něj měl být vtělen. V této souvislosti předkládáme tezi, že by měl být zakotven na ústavní úrovni formou dvoustupňové regulace, jež kombinuje enumerativní výjimečné stavy s výjimečným stavem obecným s generální klauzulí na straně právních následků normy, který smí být vyhlášen pouze za předpokladu, že nastala existenční krize a dokonce ani enumerativní výjimečné stavy zjevně neumožňují její překonání. Jelikož však sebeširší regulace výjimečného stavu nemůže vyloučit potřebu jednání ultra vires nebo contra legem, zkoumáme v další části práce, zda a za jakých předpokladů může být legitimní nadpozitivní výjimečný stav a na bázi jakých důvodů.
Návrhy zákonů v meziresortním připomínkovém řízení: zásadní fáze legislativního procesu, nebo přehlídka malicherných podnětů?
Authors: Zbíral Robert
Published: July 2021

Kvalita českého legislativního procesu a jeho výstupů je všeobecně hodnocena jako tragická. Přes tato konsenzuální tvrzení toho o řadě důležitých fází přípravy zákonů víme velmi málo. Jedním z takových černých míst je meziresortní připomínkové řízení, sloužící jako unikátní příležitost k připomínkování návrhů zákonů. Tento článek se snaží uvedenou mezeru v poznání zaplnit a nabízí nejen důkladný rozbor formálních základů meziresortního připomínkového řízení, ale především detailní empirickou analýzu průběhu a výsledků připomínkových řízení 623 návrhů zákonů předloženými mezi lety 2010 až 2016. Poznatky z analýzy dokazují, že především ministerstva se účastní připomínkování velmi aktivně (byť v rozdílné míře) a nástroj značně ovlivňuje podobu návrhů zákonů. Spíše než přijímat radikální změny meziresortního řízení by proto bylo vhodné omezit různé výjimky udělované v procesu a ponechat na připomínkování více času.
Domestic Judicial Treatment of European Court of Human Rights Case Law – příběh o kabátu, který naše soudy nosí dál než košili
Authors: Kopa Martin
Published: July 2021

Tento článek nabízí kontextuální kritické postřehy při čtení knihy Domestic Judicial Treatment of European Court of Human Rights Case Law: Beyond Compliance (KOSAŘ, D. et al. Routledge, 2020) s přesahy do současných diskuzí ohledně legitimity judikatury Evropského soudu pro lidská práva. Autor vychází ze své osobní zkušenosti s fungováním Evropského soudu pro lidská práva, Nejvyššího správního soudu a Ústavního soudu a konfrontuje své postřehy se zjištěními knihy. Poukazuje na slabší momenty knihy, přidává svá pozorování a také návrhy na další výzkum, který by se mohl zaměřit zejména na práci s judikaturou Evropského soudu pro lidská práva ze strany nižších soudů.
Editorial
Authors: Editorial Equipe
Published: July 2021

Editorial
Estimation of soil loss by the USLE model in a mountain basin in the south of Santa Catarina state, Brazil
Authors: Amaral Lucas Kister , Cadorin Sabrina Baesso , Back Álvaro José , Szymanski Fernanda Dagostin , Corseuil Claudia Weber
Published: July 2021

Water erosion is a factor of soil degradation that is triggered by the impact of raindrops originated by intense rainfall disaggregating the soil, followed by the carrying of particles by surface runoff. In the erosion process, in addition to soil loss, nutrients, fertilizers, and pesticides are carried resulting in water courses and water pollution. Erosion can have a major impact on agricultural production, when soil use and management techniques are not used. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the soil loss in the Malacara river basin, which is a sub-basin of the Mampituba river basin characterized by a contrasting relief, with high altitudes in the escarps of Serra Geral and floodplain. The method used for the development of this research was the application of the Universal Soil Loss Equation (USLE). USLE soil loss estimation requires the following factors: rainfall erosivity (R), soil erodibility (K), slope length (L), slope steepness (S), soil use and management (C), and erosion control practice factor (P). The estimated rainfall erosivity was 5,754.2 MJ mm ha-1 h-1 year-1. Erodibility was determined for the soils present in the basin, highlighting a high value for gleysoil. The topographic factor (LS) showed values from 0 to greater than 20, which corresponds to the low to very high runoff potential. The floodplain showed lower runoff rates, while for the locations close to the enclosed valleys in the Malacara canyon, the runoff potential varied from high to very high. The soil use and management factors and conservation practices (CP) obtained a maximum value of 0.404, corresponding to the exposed soil; the second most representative class was agricultural areas, with a value of 0.145. The soil loss in the Malacara river basin varied from 0 to more than 200 t ha-1 year-1. In fact, 87.38% of the area presents a degree of sheet erosion normal to slight and, only 2.94% of the area has a high or very high degree of erosion. Moreover, due to the relief characteristics with shallow soils and intense rainfall in mountainous basins, knowing and understanding soil losses due to erosion is crucial for the adequate management of water resources in river basins.
Professores e suas experiências pedagógicas: estudo sobre a geografia em um evento de formação continuada no sul do RS
Authors: Silva Letícia Fonseca da , Carlos Lígia Cardoso
Published: July 2021

O artigo refere-se a uma investigação no âmbito da formação continuada de professores e do ensino de Geografia. Toma como objeto de estudo os anais de doze edições do evento Encontros sobre o Poder Escolar que ocorreram em Pelotas-RS entre os anos 2001 e 2014 e abrangeram os municípios da região. O objetivo foi conhecer as experiências pedagógicas vinculadas ao campo da Geografia e consideradas de qualidade distintiva pelos professores que as inscreveram, bem como os conteúdos geográficos a elas vinculados. O percurso metodológico, no âmbito qualitativo, foi o da pesquisa documental. Os resultados indicam a disposição da Geografia no atendimento a demandas intra e extraescolares, a peculiaridade de beneficiar práticas interdisciplinares e a ênfase da área ambiental nos trabalhos apresentados.
Expediente
Authors: Experiencia Revista
Published: July 2021

Expediente
The role of nostalgia in emotional connection of consumers with brands
Authors: Baltezarević Radoslav , Milić Mladen
Published: July 2021

Nostalgia is one of the basic human emotions, therefore the sentimental longing for something from the past is a feeling that most people recognize. The desire and pity for childhood is characteristic of all generations, which is why nostalgic marketing is considered a successful and valuable marketing strategy, which brings modernized versions of past objects and experiences and makes the old become new again. The main purpose of nostalgic marketing and nostalgic brands is to enable consumers to travel through time, back to early childhood and to remember their pleasant experiences and memories, and even to see themselves from a different time perspective. Such brands attract the attention of the audience by flirting with older, proven and well-known trends from the past, which evokes positive memories for consumers. This paper seeks to bring together and present information that can help companies and marketing professionals more easily decide on a nostalgic marketing strategy. Although many world-renowned companies today use nostalgic brands and nostalgic appeals to expand the target market and bridge the generation gap and beat competition in the market, the potential of this effective marketing approach is underused. For this reason, the main goal of the paper is to analyze the collected information from the available scientific literature and to offer new guidelines to experts in this field. Implementing a nostalgic marketing strategy and creating nostalgic brands creates an unbreakable emotional connection with consumers, in turn, consumers are willing to make a purchase, just to reminisce about their past memories and once again experience a sense of independence and belonging from childhood. Marketing experts would have to find a balance between the old and the new, that is, to create a modern turn towards the old product. Nostalgic brands, in today's demanding market, should meet modern standards, but in that process of modernization they should not desecrate the basic concept with which consumers once grew up.
Culture of memory of the beginning of Serbian medicine
Authors: Lugonjić Marija , Arsenijević Olja
Published: July 2021

The study of the history of medicine has developed two approaches: traditional and new, which is more comprehensive. The traditional approach implies the study of important individuals and ideas, the advancement of medicine as a science. This approach is widely accepted in both our and world science. The second, which is much more comprehensive, was initiated by Henry Sigerst with his works, and expanded and came to life in the 1960s and 1970s. The authors of the paper approach the study and presentation of Serbian medieval medicine with the cause-and-effect relationship of health and disease and other medical-historical phenomena and analyze them in a social, cultural and political context. From this point of view, the authors connect the mentioned contests with modern medical problems and approaches. The aim of this paper is to investigate and present the development of Serbian medicine in the Middle Ages, the conditions under which it was formed and developed, as well as the influence of the Serbian state and church on it. The first hospitals were established under the protection of Christian monasteries in the East, but also in the West. In addition to the first hospitals, the ideas of social medicine were born in the Middle Ages, under the influence of Christian thought. All this is a significant contribution to European medicine, the basis without which further development of medical science in the Renaissance would not be possible. The first real hospitals as treatment institutions in medieval Serbia were established in the period from the 13th to the 17th century. The collected historical material indicates the fact that there were nineteen of them. Hospitals were built and arranged on the model of already existing hospitals built on the soil of Byzantium. The monastery hospitals have a significant historical role, because they introduced Serbian medicine into the family of the then European medicine. It should be especially emphasized that Serbia was at the forefront of medicine at that time, because it had special (separate) departments for the treatment of patients with epilepsy and mental illness. A special place is occupied by the monastery hospital Hilandar on the Holy Mountain and the monastery hospital in Studenica. Along with the establishment of hospitals, they are also working on medical education, in the beginning more according to the mentoring principle, so that from the period of King Milutin's rule, the first medical school was established. In the organizational sense, the Serbian monastery hospitals laid the foundations of today's hospital organization, starting from the place for construction, equipment and working conditions, through the election of directors, doctors, medical and non-medical staff, to ethical norms.
Influence of antifungal prophylaxis on the occurrence of fungal infections in patients undergoing allogeneic transplantation
Authors: Cakić Jelena , Đunić Irena
Published: July 2021

Introduction: Patients with hematologic malignancies, such as acute myeloid leukemia and acute lymphoblastic leukemia (AML/ALL), myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS), and those undergoing allergenic stem cell transplantation (alloSCT) are at the highest risk of invasive fungal infections (IFI). The most common causative agents are Candida spp. and Aspergillus spp. Among the strategies for preventing IFIs is the adequate implementation of antifungal prophylaxis recommended by the NCCN (National Comprehensive Cancer Network). Aim: The aim of the study was to analyze the occurrence of IFIs in these patients, as well as to analyze the impact and importance of timely antifungal prophylaxis with regards to the development of these infections. Materials and methods: The retrospective study included 42 patients, of the average age of 35 years, who underwent the allo-SCT program, between 2017 to 2019, and received antifungal prophylaxis at the Clinic for Hematology of the Clinical Center of Serbia (CCS). Based on information obtained from medical histories, databases were formed. Statistical analysis included descriptive statistical methods that were performed in the SPSS program. Results: Nineteen (45.2%) patients presented with the clinical manifestation of oral candidiasis. Invasive pulmonary aspergillosis developed in only 3 (7.1%) patients. There was a statistically significant association between clinically manifest aspergillosis (7.1%) and the presence of antigens (Galactomannan) in these patients (p <0.001). There was also a statistically significant association between clinically manifest aspergillosis and graft weakness: 2 (66.6%) vs. 1 (33.3%), (p = 0.016). Conclusion: The use of adequate antifungal prophylaxis significantly reduces the incidence of IFIs in patients undergoing the allo-SCT program, and this contributes to the reduction of morbidity and mortality.