bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Eksperyment w filmie i sztuce ruchomego obrazu
Authors: Hendrykowski Marek
Published: January 2025

Hendrykowski stawia tezę, że żyjemy w czasach niebywałej inflacji pojęcia eksperymentu artystycznego, co utrudnia racjonalną ocenę wartości utworów uchodzących za nowatorskie w sztuce filmowej i sztuce nowych mediów. Pyta również, jak odróżnić eksperyment w sztuce od pseudoeksperymentu oraz zastanawia się, czy istnieją intersubiektywne kryteria, które umożliwiają jednoznaczne rozpoznanie różnicy między nimi? Autor tego polemicznego artykułu uznaje w całej rozciągłości prawo do poszukiwania w sztuce. Prawo do poszukiwania, a nie oszukiwania. Celem polemiki jest zwrócenie uwagi na zjawisko postępującej falsyfikacji eksperymentu w sztuce ruchomego obrazu. Marek Hendrykowski poddaje krytyce zwodniczy mit nowości wytwarzanych i lansowanych za wszelką cenę. Zbyt często bowiem to, co uchodzi za artystyczną nowość, okazuje się zaledwie gadżetowym nowinkarstwem udrapowanym w szacowny kostium sztuki nowych mediów. Intencją autora nie jest atak na eksperymentowanie, a przeciwnie – obrona eksperymentu, którego dzisiejsza przestrzeń kulturowa została w znacznej mierze zdominowana i zawłaszczona przez zalew nadprodukcji różnego rodzaju pseudoartystycznych wytworów. Nie wszystko w tej sferze jest względne i nie wszystko zależy od arbitralnej oceny, która – umiejętnie narzucona – łatwo zmienia się w konsensus kursujący w społecznym obiegu. Zdaniem autora różnica nie tkwi w „nowatorskim” posługiwaniu się technologią, ale polega na innowacji w sferze języka ruchomych obrazów. Ona, i tylko ona, czyni dany przekaz dziełem prawdziwie doniosłym.
Spojrzenie dziecka metaforą kina
Authors: Helman Alicja
Published: January 2025

Autorka analizuje strategię twórczą polegającą na posłużeniu się figurą dziecka, co oznacza wykorzystanie spojrzenia bohatera/bohaterki w funkcji dyspozytywu. Strategia ta może zarówno sterować całością wypowiedzi, jak też dotyczyć fragmentów dzieła, które otrzymują w ten sposób specyficzne nacechowanie. Autorka dostrzega działanie tej strategii w dwu całkiem od siebie różnych odmianach. Jej zdaniem strategie te idealnie korespondują z propozycjami teoretyków kina. Dyspozytyw wykorzystujący dziecięce spojrzenie w funkcji nieuprzedzonego oka koresponduje z koncepcją André Bazina sformułowaną w Ontologii obrazu fotograficznego, natomiast dyspozytyw w funkcji magicznej z propozycjami i analizami Edgara Morin, które znajdujemy w książce Kino i wyobraźnia. Strategię pierwszą analizuje autorka na przykładzie filmów Carlosa Saury i André Téchiné, wskazując na jej warianty w filmach chińskich. Wizję magiczną ilustruje przede wszystkim Duch roju Víctora Erice i Nakarmić kruki Carlosa Saury.
Are we optimizing medical students’ preparation for clerkship? A content analysis of narrative comments on clinical skills during preclinical training
Authors: Bergeron Linda , Blanchette Patricia , Chakroun Molk , Boileau Élisabeth , Boulais Isabelle , Chamberland Martine , St-Onge Christina
Published: January 2025

Introduction: The progression from preclinical medical training to clerkship is a pivotal yet steep transition for medical students. Effective feedback on clinical skills during preclinical training can better equip students for clerkship and allows time for them to address difficulties promptly. The goal of this study was to explore whether and how narrative comments at this stage were being leveraged to achieve this transition.
Methods: We conducted a content analysis to categorize narrative comments on the clinical skills of two cohorts of third-year preclinical students at one academic institution.
Results: Teachers made narrative comments for 272 students. Each comment was divided into analysis units (n = 1,314 units). Comments were either general (n = 187) or focused on attitude (n = 628), knowledge and cognitive processes (n = 357), or clinical reasoning (n = 142). They were abundantly positive (n = 1,190) and marginally negative (n = 39). Few (6%) contained suggestions for improvement.
Discussion: In this study, narrative comments on clinical skills before clerkship seemed minimally helpful, as they were overwhelmingly positive and seldom offered suggestions.  This could suggest missed opportunities for early interventions. Pre-clerkship narrative comments could potentially be optimized by increasing emphasis on clinical reasoning, addressing challenges early and providing actionable steps for improvement.
Enhancing professionalism in post-graduate medical education: the initial implementation and evaluation of a longitudinal curriculum for geriatrics residents in Toronto, Canada
Authors: Kokorelias Kristina M , Sheikh Muhammad Harris , Naimi Maryam , Ho Bernice , Wong Edwin W , Brooks Stephanie G , Gandell Dov , Berger Arielle S
Published: January 2025

Background: Professionalism is vital in medicine, yet gaps exist in its teaching within post-graduate medical education (PGME).
Methods: We developed an eight-session curriculum on professionalism for geriatrics residents at the University of Toronto. Topics included personal-professional identity, physician well-being, communication, and leadership, incorporating a focus on self-reflection throughout. We evaluated the curriculum in two ways: (1) we captured immediate reactions using standard evaluations with Likert-scale questions on teaching effectiveness.  (2) Graduated residents participated in semi-structured interviews to assess deeper reactions and longer-term impacts on professional identity and practice. Interview transcripts were rigorously analyzed using thematic.  
Results: The teaching effectiveness scores averaged from 80 written evaluations were excellent: 4.45/5 (89%). We interviewed 12 of 22 eligible graduates (55%). Thematic analysis demonstrated that the curriculum impacted residents in three key thematic areas: (1) it led participants to understand their role as physicians in a more comprehensive way, while staying consistent with their personal values and strengths. (2) Communication skills training in particular equipped learners with important skills needed to enact their professional standards. (3) Through developing a supportive community and practicing mindful self-reflection, participants reported improvements in their well-being.
Conclusions: This paper demonstrates that professionalism can and should be integrated into the formal curriculum of post-graduate medical education. Key success factors in our study included a focus on fostering peer support and training in communication skills as a concrete method to actualize personal professional standards.
RE-FUNCTIONING OF HISTORIC BUILDINGS: THE CASE OF SANTRALISTANBUL
Authors:   Department of Architecture – Faculty of Architecture, Ortahisar, 61080 – Karadeniz Technical University,
Milli Egemenlik Street, 61080 Ortahisar, Trabzon – Turkey, ŞAHİN Fatih
Published: January 2025

Historical buildings should be evaluated for a different function than its original function, or it should be included in life with its original function. Within the scope of this study, the Santralistanbul project, which was designed with the transformation of Silahtarağa Power Plant, which sets an example for industrial structures that have been adaptive reused as a science, culture and art structure in Turkey, is examined. The Silahtarağa Power Plant, chosen as the sample area, has an important historical period in terms of being the first urban scale, coal-fired thermal power plant of the Ottoman Empire. Although its structural setup in the past was built on electricity generation, the idea of living urban spaces is maintained through the new functions given to historical buildings, taking into account the user-oriented arrangements and architectural approaches it offers. As a result of the literature review and field study, the data was obtained and the guiding qualities in the relationship between physical architecture and thematic formations were interpreted. The infrastructure that will provide a different perspective on architectural space readings, adaptive reusing and protection of historical buildings, determining intervention decisions and enabling the acquisition of necessary information for new sustainable designs has been constructed.
SEED MORPHOMETRY OF SELECTED PLANT SPECIES FROM BROMO TENGGER SEMERU NATIONAL PARK, EAST JAVA, INDONESIA: THE SIGNIFICANCE IN IDENTIFICATION AND DISPERSAL
Authors:   Research Center for Applied Botany, National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN), Jalan Raya Bogor KM 46 Cibinong, Bogor, 16911, West Java, Indonesia., LESTARI Dewi Ayu , RENJANA Elga ,   Research Center for Applied Botany, National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN), Jalan Raya Bogor KM 46 Cibinong, Bogor, 16911, West Java, Indonesia., NINGRUM Linda Wige ,   Research Center for Ecology and Ethnobiology, National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN), Jalan Raya Bogor KM 46 Cibinong, Bogor, 16911, West Java, Indonesia, RAHADIANTORO Apriyono ,   Research Center for Applied Botany, National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN), Jalan Raya Bogor KM 46 Cibinong, Bogor, 16911, West Java, Indonesia., FIRDIANA Elok Rifqi ,   Research Center for Applied Botany, National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN), Jalan Raya Bogor KM 46 Cibinong, Bogor, 16911, West Java, Indonesia., MAS’UDAH Shofiyatul ,   Research Center for Applied Botany, National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN), Jalan Raya Bogor KM 46 Cibinong, Bogor, 16911, West Java, Indonesia., HAPSARI Lia ,   Research Center for Applied Botany, National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN), Jalan Raya Bogor KM 46 Cibinong, Bogor, 16911, West Java, Indonesia., LATIFAH Dian ,   Research Center for Applied Botany, National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN), Jalan Raya Bogor KM 46 Cibinong, Bogor, 16911, West Java, Indonesia.
Published: January 2025

Seed morphological characters assessed through morphometry, include both qualitative and quantitative parameters. These are crucial for supporting taxonomic identification and classification processes, as well as predicting traits related to seed dispersal strategies. This study aimed to identify the most influential morphometric characters for classifying seed types and their dispersal strategies. Seeds from 12 selected species, collected during a plant exploration at Bromo Tengger Semeru National Park (BTSNP), were analyzed. Measurements include seed length, width, thickness, weight, volume, and hilum size, along with observations of seed color, texture, and shape to calculate the Eccentricity Index (EI) and Flatness Index (FI). Data were analyzed using Principal Component Analysis (PCA) and cluster analysis in PAST ver.4.04. The results revealed two seed groupings of species associated with M. acuminata from BTSNP based on morphometric influences: Group I, influenced by weight, color, hilum size, shape, texture, and EI value; and Group II: influenced by length, width, thickness, volume, and FI value. Overall, quantitative characters were more influential than qualitative ones in identifying the seeds of the 12 species studied. Thus, numerical characters serve as valuable supporting features for species grouping. Additionally, most seeds from the 12 species are likely dispersed by animals.
Cybersecurity in Healthcare: The Digital Fortresses Protecting Your Data
Authors: - Puneet Sharma
Published: January 2025

The healthcare industry’s rapid digitization has revolutionized patient care while increasing exposure to cyber threats. From ransomware attacks to data breaches, healthcare systems face relentless challenges that jeopardize patient privacy and safety. These threats compromise sensitive medical records and disrupt vital services, with global costs exceeding $6 trillion annually by some estimates. Traditional security measures, such as firewalls and antivirus software, are no longer sufficient to combat sophisticated attacks. Instead, advanced technologies like Artificial Intelligence (AI), blockchain, and Zero Trust Architecture (ZTA) offer innovative pathways to fortify healthcare systems. This paper examines healthcare's current cybersecurity landscape, emerging technologies' role in safeguarding data, and the ethical considerations in implementing these solutions. By adopting proactive strategies and fostering a culture of digital vigilance, healthcare organizations can build robust defenses against an evolving threat landscape.
Tathmini ya Mchango wa Tafsiri Katika Maendeleo ya Fasihi Linganishi
Authors: Jilala Hadija
Published: January 2025

Makala hii inatathmini mchango wa tafsiri katika maendeleo ya fasihi linganishi. Tafsiri ni daraja la mawasiliano na utangamano wa jamii zinazozungumza lugha tofauti na zenye tamaduni tofauti. Tangu awali, kazi za fasihi za lugha mbalimbali zilitafsiriwa kutoka lugha moja kwenda lugha nyingine. Kupitia tafsiri hizo, jamii mbalimbali ulimwenguni hupata maarifa na ufahamu kuhusu maisha, tamaduni, lugha na fasihi ya jamii nyingine. Kutokana na uhalisia huo makala hii inalidurusu suala la tafsiri na fasihi linganishi kwa kutathmini mchango wa tafsiri katika maendeleo ya fasihi linganishi. Lengo la makala hii ni kutathmini mchango wa tafsiri katika maendeleo ya fasihi linganishi ya Kiswahili. Makala hii inajadili umuhimu wa tafsiri katika kufanikisha ulinganishaji wa kazi za fasihi na pia inajadili matatizo ya tafsiri katika fasihi linganishi. Utafiti huu ni wa maktabani ambapo data za makala zake zilikusanywa kwa kutumia mbinu ya usomaji makini. Aidha, nadharia ya hii imetumia nadharia ya ulinganifu wa kidhima katika kujadili na kufafanua data na matokeo ya utafiti huu. Matokeo ya utafiti yanaonesha kuwa kuwa tafsiri ina mchango mkubwa katika maendeleo ya fasihi linganishi kwa sababu ni vigumu kuliganisha fasihi ya lugha ya jamii fulani bila kuitafsiri. Hivyo, tafsiri ni nyenzo na msingi madhubuti wa kuelewa fasihi za jamii nyingine na pia ni daraja muhimu la ufahamu na utambuzi wa kufanana, kuhusiana na kutofautiana kwa fasihi za lugha na tamaduni mbalimbali duniani
Challenges and Barriers to Women's Access and Participation in the ASGM Sector in Macalder Region of Migori County, Kenya
Authors: Wangui Kamande C. , Willy Mwangi
Published: January 2025

Artisanal Small-Scale Gold Mining (ASGM) is a significant source of income for millions of people in developing nations. Globally, women provide approximately 30 to 50% of the workforce in the ASGM sector. Women in developing countries face a number of challenges in access and participation in the ASGM sector.  These include; social norms and taboos, inequalities in income distribution, discrimination in access to and control of mineral resources and exposure to gender-based violence.  The objective of this study was to assess the challenges and barriers to women's access and participation in the ASGM in the Macalder region of Migori County in Kenya. This study was anchored on the Social Relations Gender approach to argue that the social construction of gender in African societies has tended to disadvantage women in the ASGM sector. This has created a system of subordination and exploitation of women miners in the Macalder region. This study adopted an explanatory research design. The study used both clustered probability and purposive sampling. A total of 100 respondents were selected for field interviews. Clustered probability sampling was used to select 90 men and women gold miners in the Osiri-Matanda gold mines in the Macalder region. Purposive sampling was used to select the lead 10 respondents who included officials of non-governmental organizations and the local administrators for interviews. This study employed both quantitative and qualitative methods of data analysis and interpretation. From the findings, the researcher concluded that cultural and societal notions inhibit women's access and participation in the ASGM sector in the Macalder region. The study recommends that the women miners be empowered to cushion them against exploitation by men. It is further recommended that both National and local governments institute policies and legislation to actualize gender mainstreaming in the ASGM sector to allow women miners to reap economic benefits for socioeconomic development
Understanding artificial intelligence knowledge and usage among college students: Insights from a survey on classroom, coursework, and personal applications
Authors: Basch Corey , Hillyer Grace , Gold Bailey , Yousaf Helen
Published: January 2025

Objective: This cross-sectional study involved distributing a survey to a sample of undergraduate college students AI-related knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors. 
Method: A total of 258 out of 319 college students enrolled in a personal wellness elective completed this survey during class.
Results: Most participants (53.5%) reported familiarity with AI in general, often learning about it through the internet (79.1%). Participants who were frequent AI users more often said they were familiar with AI in general (62.3% vs. 47.1%, p = 0.04) and for educational purposes (52.3% vs. 34.8%, p = 0.02) and more frequently encountered AI information during class (42.5% vs. 23.9%, p = 0.002) compared with infrequent AI users. Frequent AI users more often agreed that AI makes learning easier (67.9% vs. 47.8%, p = 0.007), that AI use in school is ethical (27.2% vs. 8.1%, p<0.001), that AI improves writing skills (78.5% vs. 56.5%, p <0.001), improves critical thinking (36.2% vs. 19.7%, p =0.004), and improves interpersonal communication (38.3% vs. 24.8%, p = 0.035) compared to participants who less frequently used AI. Infrequent AI users more often agreed that using AI in class or for homework was cheating (56.6%, 25.2%, p <0.001), more often disagreed that they trusted AI as safe (51.1% vs. 26.2%, p <0.001), and more often turned to family and friends for information about AI (29.0% vs. 17.8%, p = 0.04) than frequent AI users.
 Conclusion: Research into the role of AI in education is still preliminary, but this work can serve as a foundation for future studies.
Investigating the Credible Linkages Between Tourism and
Economic Growth Across Different States in India Using Panel Data Approach
Authors: Singh Deepti , Alam Qamar
Published: January 2025

Tourism has catalyzed India's economic growth by creating jobs, boosting businesses, export revenues, government earnings, and overall infrastructure development. The objective of this paper is thus to find out the long-run relationship and causal nexus between tourism and the economic growth of different states in India for the last two decades. The impact of government expenditure on tourism, along with domestic and international tourist visits, has been analyzed concerning the economic growth of different states in India. The PMG ARDL modelling approach with error correction terms and heterogenous Dumitrescu and Hurlin(D-H) based causality techniques have been employed. The tourism-led growth hypothesis, which emphasizes focus on inbound tourism as a long-term factor affecting economic growth, proves invalid in the Indian context at the state level. However, the government-allocated tourism expenditure and domestic tourist visits within the country proved significant in establishing the long-run nexus between tourism and economic growth.
Possible Challenges in The Implementation of the Disability Policy under the Ministry of Community Development and the Department of Social Services in Lusaka Zambia
Authors: Mwalula M. Y. , Simui F. , Muleya G.
Published: January 2025

The purpose of the study was to establish possible challenges in the implementation of the disability policy under the ministry of community development and the department of social services. The study used qualitative approach and adopted phenomenological research design. The sample for the study was 10 people with disabilities, 3 headteachers, 2 community development officers and 2 social welfare officers making the total sample of 17 participants. Data was collected using focus group discussion with people living with disabilities. The discussions were in three sessions because they were three in each session and the last session had four participants and data was analysed using thematic analysis. The study found that the challenges which were faced included lack of policy implementation due to lack of funding from stakeholders. It was also found that the lack of special units in the main stream schools brought about exclusion of the children with disabilities because they cannot have equal access to education as other children. Therefore, the intra policy disagreements made the departments of different ministries dealing with people living with disabilities to work in isolation instead of coordinating activities. The lack of professional training for other government employees are enshrined in the policy documents which tend not to have disability disaggregated data for the whole country. The study recommended that the universities and other professional institutions should ensure that they include a component of handling people with disabilities in their training packages so that they can make every profession to be aligned with the disability inclusion policy. This will enable all professional training for other government and public employees be inclusive.
Persistent cough in children: a pediatric surgeon’s perspective
Authors:   Department of Pediatric Surgery, Kyrgyz-Russian Slavic University named after. B.N. Yeltsin, Bishkek, Kyrgyz Republic, Mykyev Kalybek , Omurbekov Talantbek ,   Department of Pediatric Surgery, Kyrgyz-Russian Slavic University named after. B.N. Yeltsin, Bishkek, Kyrgyz Republic, Nurmukhamedov Temirlan ,   Department of Pediatric Surgery, Kyrgyz-Russian Slavic University named after. B.N. Yeltsin, Bishkek, Kyrgyz Republic,   City Clinical Children's Hospital of Emergency Medical Care (GKDB SMP), Bishkek, Kyrgyz Republic, Moldoisaev Kanybek ,   City Clinical Children's Hospital of Emergency Medical Care (GKDB SMP), Bishkek, Kyrgyz Republic, Moldoisaev Kanybek ,   City Clinical Children's Hospital of Emergency Medical Care (GKDB SMP), Bishkek, Kyrgyz Republic
Published: January 2025

Background and objectives. The etiology of frequent childhood illnesses is known to be multifactorial. Management of frequently ill children (FIC) remains a critical challenge in pediatric practice. According to various authors, respiratory tract pathology in FIC accounts for 14-83% of the pediatric population. Most domestic pediatric schools classify children as FIC if they experience 4-8 acute respiratory infections (ARI) per year without underlying chronic or congenital pathology. The objective of the study is to optimize early diagnostic and treatment methods for frequently ill children (FIC) to reduce long-term complications and ensure appropriate rehabilitation measures. Materials and methods. The etiology of frequent childhood illnesses is known to be multifactorial. Management of frequently ill children (FIC) remains a critical challenge in pediatric practice. According to various authors, respiratory tract pathology in FIC accounts for 14-83% of the pediatric population. Most domestic pediatric schools classify children as FIC if they experience 4-8 acute respiratory infections (ARI) per year without underlying chronic or congenital pathology. Results. Clinical, radiological, CT, MRI, and bronchological findings are presented for FIC who received prolonged outpatient and inpatient treatment in various healthcare institutions. Between 2017 and 2023, 127 bronchoscopies were performed on 107 FIC patients at the Bishkek City Children's Clinical Emergency Hospital. The following conditions were identified: purulent-fibrinous endobronchitis (69, 64.5%), foreign bodies in the airways (28, 26.7%), lung atelectasis and bronchial anomalies (4, 3.7%), and bronchiectasis (6, 5.6%). Conclusions. The study demonstrated the efficacy of diagnostic and therapeutic bronchoscopy in FIC, particularly in patients with chronic bronchitis, bronchial asthma, and foreign bodies in the lower respiratory tract.
Adathalászok
Authors: Sztanek István
Published: January 2025

The author provides a detailed description of a teenage rape investigationcase where data-mining helped identifying the perpetrator.
Kezdeti lépések egy európai forenzikus tudományos térség létrehozása felé
Authors: Grósz Tamás
Published: January 2025

Effective action against the cross-border crime requires close cooperation between Member states in the field of expert evidence. The author argues that this requires mutual trust, which is based – among others – on generally accepted standards and accreditations. The principle of mutual recognition also calls for the reconsideration of the role of experts, as well as the general rules of evidence.
Irányváltás az Egyesült Államok büntetőpolitikájában
Authors: Domokos Andrea
Published: January 2025

By providing an overview of a recent comparative works, the author highlights trends in American criminal policies aimed at dealing with the controversy that despite dropping crime rates, incarceration is still growing.
Egy alternatív állam: a szicíliai maffia
Authors: Bányász Péter
Published: January 2025

After the end of the cold war, besides terrorism, organised crime became a central issue in security studies. Using the example, the ideology, organisation and structure of Cosa Nostra in Sicily, the author shows how organised crime can integrate into public administration.
Computer-aided simulation of unmanned aerial vehicle composite structure dynamics
Authors: Kierzkowski Artur , Kisiel Tomasz , Milewski Maciej , Török Ádám , Stosiak Michał , Wróbel Jakub
Published: January 2025

The dynamic response of an aerial vehicle structure is a key parameter that must be determined before further aeroelastic phenomena can be analysed in the aerospace sector. Natural frequencies, mode shapes, and damping can be measured or predicted through experimental, operational, or computational studies. To reduce the costs and complexity of experimental investigations, there is a demand for numerical models that accurately represent the structure′s dynamic behaviour. This article focuses on modelling composite structures, which are increasingly utilised in the aerospace industry and whose dynamic properties are heavily influenced by fibre directionality. ANSYS software and the ACP module were employed to develop a numerical model of a wet Epoxy Carbon UD (230 GPa) composite commonly used in Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) components. Ten layers of 0.1 mm thick carbon fibre were incorporated into the model to create a 1 mm thick composite plate, with fibres oriented at 0°, 30°, 45°, and 90° relative to the horizontal direction of the plate. The simulations demonstrated that careful consideration and modelling of the material significantly impact the values of natural frequencies and, more importantly, the mode shapes.
First published online 28 January 2025
Jupiter Evolutionary Models Incorporating Stably Stratified Regions
Authors: Tejada Arevalo Roberto , Sur Ankan , Su Yubo , Burrows Adam
Published: January 2025

We address the issue of which broad set of initial conditions for the planet Jupiter best matches the current presence of a “fuzzy core” of heavy elements, while at the same time comporting with measured parameters such as its effective temperature, atmospheric helium abundance, radius, and atmospheric metallicity. Our focus is on the class of fuzzy cores that can survive convective mixing to the present day and on the unique challenges of an inhomogeneous Jupiter with stably stratified regions now demanded by the Juno gravity data. Hence, using the new code APPLE, we attempt to put a nonadiabatic Jupiter into an evolutionary context. This requires not only a mass density model, the major relevant byproduct of the Juno data, but a thermal model that is subject to interior heat transport, a realistic atmospheric flux boundary, a helium rain algorithm, and the latest equation of state. The result is a good fit to most major thermal, compositional, and structural constraints that still preserve a fuzzy core and that should inform future more detailed models of the current Jupiter in the context of its evolution from birth.
Not Just Winds: Why Models Find That Binary Black Hole Formation Is Metallicity-dependent, while Binary Neutron Star Formation Is Not
Authors: van Son L. A. C. , Roy S. K. , Mandel I. , Farr W. M. , Lam A. , Merritt J. , Broekgaarden F. S. , Sander A. A. C. , Andrews J. J.
Published: January 2025

Both detailed and rapid population studies alike predict that binary black hole (BHBH) formation is orders of magnitude more efficient at low metallicity than high metallicity, while binary neutron star (NSNS) formation remains mostly flat with metallicity, and black hole–neutron star mergers show intermediate behavior. This finding is a key input to employ double compact objects as tracers of low-metallicity star formation, as spectral sirens, and for merger rate calculations. Yet the literature offers various (sometimes contradicting) explanations for these trends. We investigate the dominant cause for the metallicity dependence of double compact object formation. We find that the BHBH formation efficiency at low metallicity is set by initial condition distributions, and conventional simulations suggest that about one in eight interacting binary systems with sufficient mass to form black holes will lead to a merging BHBH. We further find that the significance of metallicities in double compact object formation is a question of formation channel. The stable mass transfer and chemically homogeneous evolution channels mainly diminish at high metallicities due to changes in stellar radii, while the common envelope channel is primarily impacted by the combined effects of stellar winds and mass-scaled natal kicks. Outdated giant wind prescriptions exacerbate the latter effect, suggesting that BHBH formation may be much less metallicity-dependent than previously assumed. NSNS formation efficiency remains metallicity-independent, as they form exclusively through the common envelope channel, with natal kicks that are assumed to be uncorrelated with mass. Forthcoming gravitational-wave observations will provide valuable constraints on these findings.
Resonant Damping and Instability of Propagating Magnetohydrodynamic Body Modes in a Flux Tube with Shear Flow under Photospheric Conditions
Authors: Yu D. J.
Published: January 2025

The influence of shear flow on resonant absorption is theoretically investigated for propagating magnetohydrodynamic body modes in cusp (slow) and Alfvén continua in a cylindrical flux tube under photospheric conditions. An analytical dispersion relation for resonant absorption in the presence of flow shear is developed by assuming a thin boundary layer. The numerical solutions reveal that the presence of flow shear has a rather negative impact on the resonant absorption of the body mode compared to the surface modes. As the flow shear increases, it first slightly increases the strength of resonant absorption for the forward body modes and then decreases it below the strength of no flow shear case for both resonances. It is also found that as the flow shear increases, the range of the axial wavenumber and wave frequency for the cusp resonance decreases when the wave frequency is close to the upper boundary of the cusp continuum. For the backward body modes, the strength of the resonance absorption decreases with the increment of the flow shear. When the flow shear is sufficiently large, the waves propagate in the forward direction, and their amplitude grows with a small increment.
Propagating Bright Knots in the Chromospheric Fibrils
Authors: Tong Shaoxuan , Zhang Jun , Ding Tao
Published: January 2025

The solar chromosphere is a crucial layer for resolving the problem of atmospheric heating. There are many bright features, which are considered as the thermal signals for heating the atmosphere, and these features are suggested to have resulted from either magnetic reconnection or wave dissipation. It has been reported that a large number of propagating bright knots are detected in the chromosphere and corona. In this paper, we employ the high-resolution chromospheric Hα data from the New Vacuum Solar Telescope to study the propagating bright knots. As the propagating bright knots move along the chromospheric fibrils, we select isolated and clear fibrils and track the knots along these fibrils. While the number of knots in a fibril region is equal to or greater than 5, the fibril and the knots are recorded. Based on the data on 2019 September 4, we detected 98 knots, and these knots move along 13 fibrils. On 2019 November 2, 87 knots, which move along 12 fibrils, were recorded. These propagating bright knots have an average area of around 0.8 Mm2, with propagating distances from 190 to 2450 km, propagating velocities from 5 to 51 km s−1, and an average lifetime of 71 s. To examine the relationship between the knots and the photospheric magnetic fields, we measure the field underneath these knots. The average magnetic flux densities are less than 10 Gauss, comparable with the noise level. We suggest that these knots are not produced by magnetic reconnection, but rather by wave dissipation.
A Universal Break in Energy Functions of Three Hyperactive Repeating Fast Radio Bursts
Authors: Wu Q. , Wang F. Y. , Zhao Z. Y. , Wang P. , Xu H. , Zhang Y. K. , Zhou D. J. , Niu J. R. , Wang W. Y. , Yi S. X. , Hua Z. Q. , Zhang S. B. , Han J. L. , Zhu W. W. , Lee K. J. , Li D. , Wu X. F. , Dai Z. G. , Zhang B.
Published: January 2025

Fast radio bursts (FRBs) are millisecond-duration pulses occurring at cosmological distances with a mysterious origin. Observations show that at least some FRBs are produced by magnetars. All magnetar-powered FRB models require some triggering mechanisms, among which the most popular is the cracking of the crust of a neutron star, which is called a starquake. However, so far there has been no decisive evidence for this speculation. Here we report the energy functions of the three most active repeating FRBs, which show a universal break around 1038 erg. Such a break is similar to that of the frequency–magnitude relationship of earthquakes. The break, and the change in the power-law indices below and above it, can be well understood within the framework of FRBs triggered by starquakes in the magnetar models. The seed of weak FRBs can grow both on the magnetar surface and in the deeper crust. In contrast, the triggering of strong FRBs is confined by the crustal thickness, and the seed of strong FRBs can only grow on the surface. This difference in dimensionality causes a break in the scaling properties from weak to strong FRBs, occurring at a point where the penetration depth of starquakes equals the crustal thickness. Our result, together with the earthquake-like temporal properties of these FRBs, strongly supports the idea that FRBs are triggered by starquakes, providing a new opportunity to study the physical properties of the crust of a neutron star.
Análisis de los eventos deportivos realizados en entornos naturales: el caso de los parques y reservas nacionales de Chile
Authors: Ulloa-Hernández Maira , Giakoni-Ramírez Frano , Sánchez-Sáez Juan A. , Duclos-Bastías Daniel
Published: January 2025

El presente trabajo analiza los eventos deportivos organizados en Parques y Reservas Naturales de Chile entre los años 2017 y 2022. Los objetivos de esta investigación son identificar la cantidad y evolución de eventos deportivos, así como describir sus características. A partir de la información obtenida de la Corporación Nacional Forestal, complementada con la búsqueda de datos secundarios adicionales. Los resultados muestran un incremento en la organización de eventos, con una mayor concentración en la zona sur del país. Las carreras de montaña y bicicletas de montaña fueron las modalidades predominantes, concentrándose principalmente en los meses de primavera y verano, incluyendo recorridos múltiples y de larga distancia. Los resultados subrayan la necesidad de implementar medidas de gestión para asegurar un equilibrio entre el uso recreativo y la conservación en áreas protegidas.
Micros de nuit
Authors: Beccarelli Marine
Published: January 2025

Pendant plusieurs décennies, des années 1950 jusqu’au début des années 2000, les nuits radiophoniques françaises étaient peuplées de voix multiples, célèbres puis anonymes, souvent feutrées et confidentes, qui s’accordaient avec l’atmosphère particulière de la nuit. D’Allô Macha aux Routiers sont sympa en passant par Les Nuits magnétiques, Le Pop Club et les nuits des stations pirates, la radio nocturne constituait un espace de rêves et d’expérimentations, de rencontres et de dialogues, offrant aux auditeurs un accompagnement, une fenêtre ouverte sur le monde, sur les autres et sur l’intime.Histoire des productions radiophoniques, des pratiques et des perceptions nocturnes, cet ouvrage met en lumière le monde des ondes de nuit, en distinguant les différentes phases de son développement et ses spécificités, de l’un et l’autre côté du poste. Situé au carrefour de l’histoire des médias et de celle de la nuit, Micros de nuit se présente aussi comme une contribution à l’histoire des sensibilités du second xxe siècle car, comme l’écrivait Jean Cocteau en 1958, « écouter la radio toute une nuit renseigne sur l’époque ».
From Healer Restorer to Facial Therapist
Authors: Samarawickrama D. Y. D.
Published: January 2025

No abstract available
Digital eye strain: prevalence and associated socio-demographic factors among banking assistants in Colombo District, Sri Lanka
Authors: Gunawardana Supipi Dissanayake , Jayawaradana Dushyanthi
Published: January 2025

Introduction: Along with the technological advancement, many sectors had digitalized including banking, education and health sectors. With the excess usage, digital eye strain is now becoming the most common occupational hazard among the digital device users.  Objectives: To determine the prevalence of banking assistants with the digital eye strain (DES) and associated socio-demographic factors among banking assistants in a divisional secretariat division in Sri Lanka Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was done among all the branches of randomly selected banks in a purposively selected divisional secretariat division. On selected banks, 372 eligible banking assistants were selected by systematic sampling. Data were collected by a structured pretested self-administered questionnaire. DES was detected using Computer Vision Syndrome Questionnaire (CVS-Q). Selected factors were cross-tabulated by the presence or absence of DES and the association was assessed using Chi-squared followed by multiple logistic regression. A p value of 0.05 was used to determine the significance. Results: The response rate was 94.08%. The mean age of study population was 32.5 (95% CI: 31.88-33.11) years. Majority were females (n=206; 58.9%), married (n=228; 65.4%) and had a university degree (n=175; 50%). The duration of employment of the banking assistance varied from 3 months to 15 years. Sixty percent (n=210) of the banking assistants worked in the financial section. DES was detected in 70.6% of the employees. Civil status (p<0.001), education level (p=0.014) and working section (p=0.039) were found to be significantly associated with the presence of DES. Conclusions & Recommendations: The prevalence of DES among banking assistants was notably high. Early detection efforts should prioritize married employees, those in operational roles, and non-graduates to mitigate the condition's impact.
Assessment of blood lead and haemoglobin levels among battery technicians and local government office workers in South-western Nigeria
Authors: Ozomata Ebenezer Adeiza , Ogunnowo Babatunde
Published: January 2025

Introduction: Human exposure to lead has significant public health problems. Occupational exposure of lead has shifted from industrial sources to battery repair activities. Battery technicians are at risk of exposure to lead via inhalation of  fumes, oral ingestion and skin absorption.  Objectives: To assess and compare blood lead and haemoglobin levels of battery technicians and local government office workers in South-western Nigeria Methods: A cross-sectional study with multi-stage sampling was used to compare battery technicians and office workers in Lagos State. A structured interviewer-administered questionnaire was used for data collection while blood samples were collected for lead and haemoglobin measurements. Chi-squared test, Mann-Whitney U test, Fisher’s exact test and Student t-test were used to test for significance at p≤0.05.Results: A total of 150 battery technicians and 150 office workers participated in the study. The battery technicians were less educated and earned less but had more years of working experience (p≤0.001) when compared to office workers. The median (range) blood lead value for battery workers was 9.0 (1.0-24.0) μg/dl compared to office workers 0.3 (0.01-3.2) μg/dl, which was statistically significant. The age of office workers was associated with their blood haemoglobin level.  Conclusions & Recommendations: Blood lead level of battery technicians was significantly higher than that of the office workers but their haemoglobin levels were non-significant. A switch to repair of non-lead batteries, changing the work process by enclosing the battery during repairs, more trainings on lead exposure reduction, use of personal protective devices and regular biological monitoring of lead may control elevated lead level among battery technicians.
A collaborative parent-teacher model for religious moderation education in early childhood in Indonesia
Authors: Yusuf M. Suyuti , Pajarianto Hadi , Sulaiman Baso
Published: January 2025

Background: Effective collaboration between parents and teachers is a crucial component of early childhood education (ECE) institutions in Indonesia. Both parties hold a fundamental responsibility for imparting knowledge within the formal school setting and the informal home environment.Aim: The present study investigates the patterns of collaboration between parents and teachers, with the goal of enhancing the role of both parties.Setting: The study was conducted in Palopo City, South Sulawesi province, Indonesia. The researcher selected three ECE institutions involving a total of 15 teachers and 15 parents.Methods: The study utilised the Discovering Cultural Themes model, which helped identify recurring patterns from prior analyses. The researchers examined themes, cultural focusses, values and symbols within each domain.Results: The findings show that teachers serve a structural role, while parents contribute through a cultural role in the collaboration. The values instilled in children include religious moderation, national commitment, non-violence, a love of local culture and tolerance.Conclusion: The collaboration between parents and teachers is reflected in the participatory activities initiated by parents in various school programmes, reinforcing the cultural responsibility of parents and the structural responsibilities of teachers.Contribution: This study contributes to the collaborative teacher–parent model by emphasising role division and parental involvement to strengthen religious moderation education at home. As a result, the values instilled at school can be reinforced at home and vice versa. Indonesian society places significant importance on the values of cooperation and mutual assistance as emotional bonds among citizens.
Effects of computerized group drawing and implementation of conceptual diagrams on divergent thinking among the nursing students of Saveh
Authors: Afroughi Solaiman , Khaze Seyed M. , Saeedinejad Zaker , Bayat Amir H. , Haghgoo Amin
Published: January 2025

Background and aim

The conceptual diagram is an effective method for the evolution of medical education that helps improve problem-solving, group skills, and creativity. This study aims to determine the effects of the computerized group drawing and implementation of conceptual diagrams on divergent thinking among the nursing students of Saveh.

Materials and methods

In this quasiexperimental study, the enumeration sampling technique was used to select 102 nursing students in an academic year. The lottery method was then adopted to assign them equally to case and control (comparison) groups (51 members each). Peter Honey’s questionnaire was used to measure divergent thinking of students. The conceptual diagram was then drawn and presented in MindMapper in groups during seven, 90-min sessions. Finally, the data were analyzed in SPSS 20.

Results

According to the repeated measures analysis of variance, there was an upward trend in the mean (and SD) of divergent thinking scores of students in the case group before, right after, and 1 month after the intervention; however, there was no change in the comparison group (P<0.0001).

Conclusion

Since this education method had a positive, significant effect on the divergent thinking of students, it is recommended to employ the student-centered method for teaching and learning processes of higher education programs.
Immediate effect of Yoga Nidra (a yogic relaxation) on cardio-autonomic function in hypertensive patients: A case report
Authors: Ragavee S. , Prashanth S. , Priyanka S. , Maheshkumar K.
Published: January 2025

High blood pressure is a major risk factor for mortality globally, accounting for 10.4 million deaths globally. About 24% of fatalities from coronary heart disease and 57% of deaths from stroke are caused by hypertension, which is identified by the World Health Organization as a significant cause of premature death. Yoga Nidra, a simplified version of ancient relaxation, aims to balance the body and mind, promoting parasympathetic activity and lowering the blood pressure. A 65-year-old male patient with exhaustion and palpitations presented at the outpatient department with a history of hypertension and no medication for the last 5 months. The patient underwent a 40-min Yoga Nidra relaxation, and pre- and post-blood pressure and heart rate variability (HRV) measurements were performed. The blood pressure decreased, and there were reductions in the root mean square of the successive differences and standard deviation of the NN (R-R) intervals, as observed in the HRV analysis. Significantly, the high-frequency (HF) band relative power expressed in standard units (HF) increased, and the percentage of consecutive R-R intervals that are at least 50 ms distant (pNN50) also increased, indicating parasympathetic dominance. Conversely, the low-frequency/high-frequency (LF/HF) ratio decreased. Yoga Nidra, a yoga practice, has been shown to reduce blood pressure and improve HRV, indicating its potential as a safe and effective hypertension management strategy, despite the need for further controlled research.