bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The many-headed Hydra: assessing the Indigenous-hydropower cycle in Costa Rica
Authors: Hite Emily Benton
Published: June 2022

This article explores the intersection of hydropower development and Indigenous rights within the context of climate governance. A historical rift between dam supporters and opponents has evolved into a contentious ebb and flow of dam proposal-resistance between hydropower industries and Indigenous communities around the world. Conflicts have recently intensified as dams are promoted as a climate mitigation strategy and are increasingly encroaching on Indigenous territories. Research analyzes a case study in Costa Rica, where an Indigenous-hydropower cycle emerged from a 50-year feud between the national electricity institute (Instituto Costarricense de Electricidad or ICE, pronounced E-say) and the Brörán peoples over development of the Térraba river—each time the state proposed a dam, the Brörán peoples defeated it, and another would emerge in its place. In this article, I ask why dam building continues despite the multitude of critiques and documented negative social-ecological consequences of hydropower projects. To address this question, I introduce the adaptive cycle, which serves as a heuristic model to investigate how and why the cycle continues, as well as to understand the power, justice, and equity issues involved in climate decision-making processes. Through a political ecology framework, I assess the hybridity of interrelated social-ecological, political, and economic factors encompassing the human-water nexus, conceptualized as a hydrosocial territory. Analysis suggests a rigidity trap that spans across multiple scales of governance causes the cycle to repeat, and given the current acceptance of hydropower within the climate governance arena, the cycle is likely to continue.
From the Fibonacci to Pell numbers and beyond via Dyck paths
Authors: Barcucci Elena , Bernini Antonio , Pinzani Renzo
Published: June 2022

In From Fibonacci to Catalan permutations, Barcucci et al., 2006, a journey by pattern avoiding permutations from the Fibonacci to Catalan sequences is illustrated. In this paper we make a similar journey, but on Dyck paths.
Using large random permutations to partition permutation classes
Authors: Bean Christian , Nadeau Émile , Pantone Jay , Ulfarsson Henning
Published: June 2022

Permutation classes are sets of permutations defined by the absence of certain substructures. In some cases permutation classes can be decomposed as unions of subclasses. We use combinatorial specifications automatically discovered by Combinatorial Exploration: An algorithmic framework for enumeration, Albert et al. 2022, to uniformly generate large random permutations in a permutation class, and apply clustering methods to partition them into interesting subclasses. We seek to automate as much of this process as possible.
Finding automatic sequences with few correlations
Authors: Jugé Vincent , Marcovici Irène
Published: June 2022

Although automatic sequences are very simple algorithmically, some of them have pseudo-random properties. In particular, some automatic sequences such as the Golay–Shapiro sequence are known to be 2-uncorrelated, meaning that they have the same correlations of order 2 as a uniform random sequence. However, the existence of ℓ-uncorrelated automatic sequences (for ℓ ⩾ 3) was left as an open question in a recent paper of Marcovici, Stoll and Tahay. We exhibit binary block-additive sequences that are 3-uncorrelated and, with the help of analytical results supplemented by an exhaustive search, we present a complete picture of the correlation properties of binary block-additive sequences of rank r ⩽ 5, and ternary sequences of rank r ⩽ 3.
On counting Z-convex polyominoes
Authors: Massazza Paolo
Published: June 2022

We show a decomposition that allows to compute the number of convex polyominoes of area n and degree of convexity at most 2 (the so-called Z-convex polyominoes) in polynomial time.
Use of the Decision Tree Method in the Process of Creating Variants of Friendly Activities Within Staff Planning At the Tactical Level
Authors: Černý Jiří , Pitaš Jaromír
Published: June 2022

The military decision-making process (MDMP) plays a decisive role in planning an operation at the tactical level. The core of the whole process is a series of gradually performed activities (phases and individual planning steps), the second phase of which is the creation of variants of friendly activities (Courses of Action – COAs), in which the variants are prepared, analyzed and compared. During the creation of variants of activities, the staff (designated teams) prepares various variants which are then analyzed and compared. The aim of the preparation of variants is to determine one or more variants to accomplish the combat task (objectives of the operation). The variant then represents an acceptably developed plan for the anticipated adversary course of action (ACOA). The authors of the article focus on developing the use of the “decision trees” method in the preparation of variants of friendly activities. The authors attempt to examine the use of this systematic-analytical method for the preparation of variants of friendly activities, where decision-making takes place in several stages. The creation of variants is carried out according to NATO documents with the use of simulation methods, which can be incorporated into the stage decision-making process and used in combination with the decision tree method.
On the Power of Language in Military Leadership
Authors: Frăţilă Crina-Bianca
Published: June 2022

While a wide range of studies have analyzed and discussed different types and characteristics of military leadership, the present paper aims to explore military leadership with the help of contributions made by multidimensional and integrative theories that focus on military leadership discourse and leadership impacted social practices. Drawing upon military leadership communicative perspective and its interdependency with cognitive, behavioural and emotional components, as prerequisites of military leadership skills, the main goal of the present paper is to highlight the power of language in the transmission of military ideology in linguistic meaningful patterns.
The Impact of Increase in the Vertical Dimension of Occlusion on Nociception in Rats - A Preliminary Report
Authors: Milenkovic Jovana , Jovanovic Milica
Published: June 2022

Since the change in vertical dimension of occlusion (VDO) is extremely important in prosthetic dentistry, the aim of the study was to examine the effect of VDO increase on nociception parameters in rodent experimental model. The study was performed on seven experimental groups (6 animals per group) on male Wistaralbino rats: sham; 0.6/3, 0.9/3, and 1.2/3 groups where VDO was increased by 0.6, 0.9, and 1.2 mm (respectively), for three days; 0.6/20, 0.9/20, and 1.2/20 groups where VDO was increased by 0.6, 0.9, and 1.2 mm (respectively), for twenty days. The VDO raising protocols were performed as follows: on a day 1, following anaesthesia, a two-phase impression was taken with addition silicones; on a day 3, the cementing process for both maxillary incisors and inside crowns preparation was performed, and cementing zirconium crowns, manufactured using CAD-CAM technology, were applied. The behavioural testing (the tail flick and hot plate test) was performed on day 3 and 20. The results obtained in the tail flick test suggest that the raise in VDO in the early phase induced increased sensitivity to pain in a stepwise manner, while this hyperalgesic effect was diminished in a timedependent manner. The stepwise increase in VDO also resulted in significant decline in the pain tolerance with the higher VDO (0.9 and 1.2 mm) in the hot plate test that persisted after twenty days in 1.2/20 group. It seems that VDO elevation is sufficient to produce hyperalgesic effect in this experimental model, which may be attenuated in time-dependent manner.
Comparison of Deformation Vectors Due to Earthquake in Subduction Zone and Sumatran Fault for Each Phase of Earthquake Cycle
Authors: Monica Fadilla , Friska Vira , Arisa Deasy , Marzuki Marzuki
Published: June 2022

This study compares the deformation in West Sumatra due to the earthquakes in the subduction zone and the Sumatran Fault. The Mw6.0 Mentawai earthquake 2019 with a thrust fault mechanism and the Mw5.4 South Solok earthquake 2019 with a strike-slip fault mechanism were used as case studies for the subduction zone and Sumatran Fault, respectively. The deformation was observed using 12 SuGAr (Sumatra GPS Array) and 8 InaCORS (Indonesian Continuously Operating Reference Station) stations, which were processed using GAMIT/GLOBK software. There are differences in the deformation vectors of the two earthquakes. The Mentawai earthquake experienced larger energy accumulation than the South Solok earthquake. The coseismic phase of the Mentawai earthquake experienced the largest horizontal shift at the SLBU station, which was 15.48 mm in the direction of S29.96W, while the South Solok earthquake is found to horizontally shift the CSDH station at the size of 5.75 mm towards S11.45E. The postseismic phase of the Mentawai earthquake lasted 60 days, longer than the South Solok earthquake (20 days). The difference in deformation characteristic between these two earthquakes found in this study will be valuable information in modeling earthquakes in Sumatra.
Distribución y biomasa de anchoveta (Engraulis ringens) y múnida (Pleuroncodes monodon) en el ecosistema marino de la Reserva Nacional de Paracas, región sur del Perú
Authors:   Instituto del Mar del Perú, Cornejo Rodolfo , La Cruz Luis ,   Instituto del Mar del Perú, Castillo Ramiro
Published: June 2022

The present study determined the distribution and biomass of the Peruvian anchovy and pelagic red squat lobster related to the oceanographic characteristics in the marine protected area of the Paracas National Reserve in the Northern Humboldt Current System. Acoustic, biological, and oceanographic information was collected on the pelagic habitat in surveys carried out by the Peruvian Marine Research Institute during the summer and spring of 2018, 2019, and 2020. The results obtained indicated that the spatial occupation of the pelagic habitat of Peruvian anchovy and pelagic red squat lobster were influenced by the dynamics of upwelling, water masses, and a shallow and intense Oxygen Minimum Zone. Spatial overlap of high biomass of Peruvian anchovy and pelagic red squat lobster were recorded in the surface layer during the night. Although, with the presence of dense swarms of múnida in anoxic intermediate waters of the Oxygen Minimum Zone during the day. The Marine Protected Area off the Paracas National Reserve functions as a protection zone for the structure and functioning of the pelagic-neritic ecosystem and strengthens the fishery production of Peruvian anchovy stock in the Northern Humboldt Current System
Gen Citocromo Oxidasa I confirma la presencia del nemertino Carcinonemertes conanobrieni, parásito de la langosta espinosa del Caribe (Panulirus argus) en Colombia
Authors:   Universidad del Magdalena, Berben Henríquez Amanda , Gonzalez-Cueto Jaime ,   Universidad del Magdalena, Colorado Angie
Published: June 2022

Morphological identifications complemented with molecular analysis are important for the delimitation of cryptic species. This document contains annotations on the molecular identification of the parasitic nemertine Carcinonemertes conanobrieni in the Caribbean spiny lobsters Panulirus argus. The collected nemerteans were found parasitizing ovigerous lobsters from the Gulf of Salamanca (Puebloviejo), Colombia. DNA was extracted from a specimen and a fragment of the mitochondrial gene Cytochrome Oxidase I (COI) was amplified using Folmer’s universal primers, the sequence was edited with ProSeq 3.5 and aligned with all the C. conanobrienisequences available in GenBank. A sequence of 488 base pairs corresponding to the section of the genetic barcode of the COI gene was obtained, the matrix of genetic distances showed little variation when comparing the obtained sequence with those available in the GenBank database. These results confirm the presence of this nemertean in the Panulirus argus lobsters in Colombia providing valuable information for the correct identification and detection of this parasitic species in the country, thus facilitating its monitoring
Nuevos registros de anélidos del banco de las Ánimas, Caribe colombiano
Authors:   Universidad Jorge Tadeo Lozano, Coneo-Gómez Shanly , Sierra-Escrigas Silvia , Dueñas-Ramírez Pedro R. ,   Universidad Jorge Tadeo Lozano,   Universidad Jorge Tadeo Lozano, García-Urueña Rocío ,   Universidad Jorge Tadeo Lozano
Published: June 2022

The banco de las Ánimas is a poor studied underwater environment with a characteristic reef fauna and an unknown large number of cryptic species. Annelids are one of the most common invertebrate groups in the coral formations of the Colombian Caribbean; these organisms are very abundant and variable in their body shapes (parapodia, setae, and gill structures), which imply a great evolutionary radiation. In order to know the diversity of annelids in the reef ecosystem in the Banco de las Ánimas, four artificial structures (known as autonomous reef monitoring structures) used as fauna collectors were located at a depth of 14 m in the Montículo sector. The first records for the Colombian Caribbean of 23 species of annelids of the families Amphinomidae, Eunicidae, Polynoidae, Lumbrineridae, Sabellidae, Serpulidae, Sigalionidae, Syllidae, and Terebellidae. The contribution to the knowledge of the fauna of reef annelids of a little poor known area of the Colombian Caribbean is highlighted.
Nueve décadas de explotación de sardina Sardinella aurita en Venezuela, revisión crítica
Authors:   Museo Marino de Margarita, Gómez Gaspar Alfredo ,   Universidad de Oriente
Published: June 2022

The Spanish sardine Sardinella aurita, is the most important fishing resource in Venezuela, on Margarita Island it began its fishing and canning. This review estimates catch over nine decades and causes of fishing continuity. In 90 years, 4,386,758 tons were caught, a modest volume due to poor statistics. Three management ordinances have been enacted the first appeared after 40 years of activity in canning plants. The sardine industry has four periods, the first between 1927 and 1973 without fishing regulation and another three (1974-2005; 2006-2013 and 2014-2017) when the ordinances are applied. In each one the catch, annual average, operating gears, the capture per unit of effort and relevant investigations are considerate. The current regulation was based on the noticeable decrease in catches since 2005, which is why, in 2013, a ban was imposed and the minimum catch size was established at 19 cm. The regulation is ineffective because after seven years, the catches do not recover previous levels, in addition, it is incomprehensible to increase fishing gear (357 fishing in 2017). The artisanal fishing with beach seine (chinchorro) and the average maturity size of the species explain the permanence of the fishery, which endangered by the intensive use of purse seines that must be restricted.
Evaluación preliminar del impacto del huracán Iota en arrecifes coralinos de las islas de Providencia y Santa Catalina
Authors:   INVEMAR, Gómez Carlos E. , Millan Santiago ,   INVEMAR, Acosta-Chaparro Andrés ,   INVEMAR, Abril-Howard Alfredo ,   Corporación para el Desarrollo Sostenible del Archipiélago de San Andrés, Navas-Camacho Raúl
Published: June 2022

Hurricanes are important natural destructive forces for coral reefs that can change the structural component of the habitat. On November 16th, 2020, the hurricane Iota passed ~10 km north of the islands of Providencia and Santa Catalina with sustained winds of a category 5 hurricane. The purpose of this study was to document the magnitude of the impact on coral reefs around the islands two weeks after the hit, as part of the “Operación Cangrejo Negro”. Visual assessments were performed at 11 representative coral reef formations between 2 and 17 m depth. Estimates of the impact were evaluated within an approximate area of 200 m2, which was categorized with score values ranging from 0 to 5 according to the level of damage. Preliminary estimates at coral reef formations indicated impact in 72 % of the stations surveyed, concentrated mainly on shallow areas (5-7 m). Approximately 45 % of the sites had low to low-medium damage and 27 % showed medium to moderate damage with high variability between and within stations. From this preliminary assessment we conclude that the impact was widespread along the island on shallow areas structured by big boulders of Orbicella spp., mainly related to colony-level damage with less reef structural damage
Sarkasme Pada Meme di Media Sosial Instagram
Authors: Pratiwi Veronika Unun
Published: June 2022

This study aims to determine the stylistic style of Sarcasm in Indonesian memes on Instagram. This study takes a formal object, namely stylistics, and a material object in the form of Indonesian memes on Instagram. The two objects were appointed as research material because they were motivated by meme problems and at least stylistic research in linguistics. The purpose of this study was to determine the analysis of memes through stylistic studies. The method used in this research is descriptive research in the form of qualitative. The data used is in the form of memes taken on Instagram with the condition that the meme uses language styles and language symptoms (majas). The results of this research data analysis are: (1) memes use language as a medium, including written language and images that are mutually supportive for the emotional formation of readers. (2) memes have language style and language symptoms. (3) memes use more than one figure of speech. With the existence of memes in the digital world, such as creating memes in this satirical review, the creative platform for reviews becomes open and diverse. Memes can be humorous as well as thought-provoking material about what's going on. So the meme became a new reaction to the events of the nation, especially in political and social life. Memes clarify attitudes of criticism and irony, but can also create irony and criticism in humour.
The relevance of screening for cognitive and psychoemotional disorders in patients with metabolic syndrome and insulin resistance: A review
Authors: Shishkova Veronica N. , Adasheva Tatiana V.
Published: June 2022

Studying the issues of pathogenetic interaction in the development and progression of cognitive, psycho-emotional and vascular-metabolic disorders is the most relevant area of modern clinical research. Over the past decade, there has been a surge of interest in the scientific literature and a detailed discussion of current trends in the prevalence of diseases and conditions associated with insulin resistance and metabolic syndrome, with a particularly strong focus on the global problems of obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM). The models proposed by experts for the interaction of neurohumoral, metabolic, social and psychoemotional factors are important in understanding the processes leading to an increase in the prevalence of these conditions associated with insulin resistance throughout the world. The mechanisms of reciprocal development of such common psycho-emotional disorders as anxiety and depression in obese patients are evaluated from the standpoint of their socio-psychological relationship, as well as key triggers for the development of eating disorders. Thus, modern clinicians are gradually immersed in the need to understand the intricacies of the processes of formation of psycho-emotional disorders and master the optimal screening skills for their detection in patients with obesity and DM. The issues of studying the formation of neuronal damage in patients with insulin resistance and DM are also a priority for modern diabetologists. Possible options for the development of cerebrovascular complications, including cognitive impairment in patients with DM, described in the literature, require additional attention. A number of diagnostic tests for early detection of cognitive impairments include screening scales: MMSE (Mini-Mental State Examination), Montreal Cognitive Assessment Scale (MoCA) and Mini-Cog-test. Thus, cognitive and psychoemotional disorders, along with the developing vascular and metabolic complications of diabetes and obesity, are gradually becoming a new therapeutic target for improving the condition and prognosis of patients.
Chronic kidney disease risk calculator: new possibilities for predicting pathology in patients with diabetes mellitus
Authors: Vikulova Olga K. , Elfimova Alina R. , Zheleznyakova Anna V. , Isakov Mikhail А. , Shamkhalova Minara S. , Shestakova Marina V. , Mokrysheva Natalia G.
Published: June 2022

Background. Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a socially significant pathology associated with an increased risk of mortality and progression to terminal stages, requiring expensive treatment with renal replacement therapy, which determines the priority of preventive strategies, especially in patients with diabetes mellitus (DM), who are at high risk of Kidney's injury.
Aim. To analyze the predictors of a decrease in glomerular filtration rate (GFR) less than 60 ml/min/1.73 m2 and develop an applied CKD prediction calculator in patients with type 1 and type 2 diabetes.
Materials and methods. The object of the study is a depersonalized database of the Federal Registry of DM, implemented under the auspices of the Endocrinology Research Centre. The study was based on a retrospective analysis of patients with type 1 and type 2 diabetes with different GFR dynamics over a 5-year period of 20142018. 68 911 patients were included (type 1 DM 7919 and type 2 DM 60 992). Stepwise logistic regression analysis was used to predict the risk of developing CKD.
Results. Sets of the most significant predictors of CKD development were established, which included 6 factors in type 1 DM: female sex, age, body mass index, the presence of myocardial infarction, diabetic coma and retinopathy, and 11 factors in type 2 DM: female sex, age, body mass index, glycated hemoglobin, baseline GFR and total cholesterol, presence of diabetic retinopathy, neuropathy, stroke, amputations and oncology in anamnesis.
Conclusion. An applied interactive CKD prognosis calculator has been developed that allows assessing the individual risk of developing pathology in patients with type 1 and type 2 diabetes based on the parameters available in routine clinical practice. The calculator has been introduced into the system of the Federal Registry of DM, which significantly expands the possibilities of diagnosing and monitoring CKD in DM.
Greater Than the Sum of the Parts: Aggregate vs. Aggregated Inflation Expectations
Authors: Dietrich Alexander M. , Knotek Edward S. , Myrseth Kristian Ove R. , Rich Robert W. , Schoenle Raphael S. , Weber Michael
Published: June 2022

Using novel survey evidence on consumer inflation expectations disaggregated by personal consumption expenditure (PCE) categories, we document the paradox that consumers' aggregate inflation expectations usually exceed any individual category expectation. We explore procedures for aggregating category inflation expectations, and find that the inconsistency between aggregate and aggregated inflation expectations rises with subjective uncertainty and is systematically related to socioeconomic characteristics. Overall, our results are inconsistent with the notion that consumers' aggregate inflation expectations comprise an expenditure-weighted sum of category beliefs. Moreover, aggregated inflation expectations explain a greater share of planned consumer spending than aggregate inflation expectations.
Primary health care expenditure in the Americas: measuring what matters
Authors: Rathe Magdalena , Hernández-Peña Patricia , Pescetto Claudia , Van Mosseveld Cornelis , Borges dos Santos Maria Angélica , Rivas Laura
Published: June 2022

This special report compares the measurement of primary health care (PHC) expenditure proposed by the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) and by the World Health Organization (WHO), according to the global framework for reporting health expenditures (SHA 2011) in three countries in the Region of the Americas. There are conceptual differences: (1) operationalization as basic care, by OECD, versus first contact, by WHO; (2) a wider range of goods and services in the WHO definition (including medicines, administration, and collective preventive services); and (3) consideration only of services in outpatient providers by OECD. PHC expenditures as a percentage of current healthcare spending in 2017 for WHO and OECD: Mexico (43.6% vs. 15.1%); Dominican Republic (41.1% vs. 5.75%), and Costa Rica (31.4% vs. 5.7%). The broad WHO definition of PHC as first contact facilitates inclusion of services that reflect the way countries provide care to their populations. Even so, WHO could improve its category descriptions for the purposes of international comparison. Restricting PHC to outpatient providers (as the OECD does) greatly limits measurement and excludes interventions intrinsic to the concept of PHC, such as collective preventive services. As a transitional step, we recommend that countries should monitor PHC funding and should explain what they include in their definition. SHA 2011 makes it possible to identify and compare these differences.
Levantamento de Indicadores Socioambientais da Bacia Hidrográfica do Rio Irituia, Pará: uma Contribuição para a Gestão de Recursos Hídricos na Amazônia Legal Brasileira
Authors: Costa Diego de Mendonça
Published: June 2022

Socio-environmental inequalities resulting from the inefficiency of the water management models instituted in the Brazilian Legal Amazon compromise biomes and local populations on a daily basis. Based on this context, the objective of this paper was to draw a profile of the current reality of the Irituia River watershed, located in the Northeast of the state of Pará, through a survey of socio-environmental indicators, in order to contribute to discussions about planning, management and water governance in the Amazon region. The methodology used was the Technique of Performance Scale (TED) adapted for watershed analysis. After evaluating nine pressure/impact indicators and three impact/response indicators, it was found that the basin is exposed to high levels of pressure and socio-environmental impact and has low levels of positive responses to such stimuli. It was concluded that there is a need to encourage the implementation of legal instruments and public actions that safeguard the natural characteristics of the springs belonging to the basin, ensure the provision of quality sanitation and supply services to the local population and encourage their effective participation in the management of its waters.Keywords: Amazon; water management; sustainable development; socio-environmental impacts. Levantamento de Indicadores Socioambientais da Bacia Hidrográfica do Rio Irituia, Pará: uma Contribuição para a Gestão de Recursos Hídricos na Amazônia Legal BrasileiraR E S U M OAs desigualdades socioambientais provenientes da ineficiência dos modelos de gestão hídrica instituídos na Amazônia Legal brasileira comprometem diariamente biomas e populações locais. Baseando-se neste contexto, objetivou-se traçar um perfil da atual realidade da bacia hidrográfica do rio Irituia, situada no Nordeste do estado do Pará, através do levantamento de indicadores socioambientais, com o intuito de contribuir para as discussões acerca de planejamento, gestão e governança hídrica na região amazônica. Trabalhou-se com a metodologia da Técnica da Escala de Desempenho (TED) adaptada para a análise de bacias hidrográficas. Como resultados, após a avaliação de nove indicadores de pressão/impacto e três indicadores de impacto/resposta, constatou-se que a bacia encontra-se exposta a altos níveis de pressão e de impacto socioambientais e possui baixos níveis de respostas positivas a tais estímulos. Concluiu-se que existe a necessidade de incentivar a implementação de instrumentos legais e ações públicas que salvaguardem as características naturais dos mananciais pertencentes à bacia, assegurem a prestação de serviços de saneamento e abastecimento de qualidade para as populações locais e que estimulem a participação efetiva destas na gestão de suas águas.Palavras-chave: Amazônia; gestão hídrica; desenvolvimento sustentável; impactos socioambientais.
Arranjo estrutural e diversidade do componente lenhoso da restinga em Caravelas, sul da Bahia, Nordeste do Brasil
Authors: Santos Valdira de Jesus , Silva Ariade Nazaré Fontes da , Silva Eulália Cristine Guimarães , Almeida Jr. Eduardo Bezerra de , Zickel Carmen Silvia
Published: June 2022

A restinga compreende as comunidades vegetais depositadas sob as planícies costeiras do Brasil. Esse estudo teve como objetivo descrever a estrutura e diversidade da vegetação lenhosa de uma restinga no litoral sul da Bahia. Foi realizada análise estrutural da vegetação arbustiva-arbórea na restinga do município de Caravelas (17º39’82”S/39º09’46”W), onde foram estabelecidos cinco transectos paralelos com 10m de distância entre si, e alocados dez pontos em cada transecto; totalizando 50 pontos. Os parâmetros fitossociológicos analisados foram área basal, densidade relativa, frequência relativa, dominância relativa, valor de importância e o índice de Shannon, equabilidade de Pielou e riqueza total. Foram registradas 39 espécies, 32 gêneros e 28 famílias. As famílias com maior riqueza foram Myrtaceae, Fabaceae, Anacardiaceae, Annonaceae e Clusiaceae, perfazendo 52% dos indivíduos coletados. As espécies com maior valor de importância foram Garcinia gardneriana, Myrcia hirtiflora, Miconia sp., Ocotea notata, Byrsonima crassifolia e Emmotum nitens. O H’ foi de 2.769 nat.ind-1 e o J´ foi de 0,756. Os indivíduos coletados apresentaram altura média de 10,73m, com a altura máxima variando entre 20-27m. O diâmetro apresentou valor médio de 16,81cm, e valor máximo de 92,31cm. Os resultados encontrados foram distintos de outras áreas de restingas do Nordeste e Sudeste e a diversidade e riqueza obtidas em Caravelas foi considerada na média quando comparada a formações florestais de restinga.
FRAGILIDADE AMBIENTAL POTENCIAL E EMERGENTE DA BACIA DO RIO MOCAJUBA – PA
Authors: Cavalcante Juliane costa , Lima Aline Maria Meiguins de , Silva Jéssica Cristina Conte da , Holanda Bruno Silva de , Almeida Crislayne Azevedo
Published: June 2022

A análise das potencialidades de fragilidades ambientais de ambientes naturais e antropizados tem como finalidade adequar medidas de conservação, restauração e usos antrópicos destes ecossistemas, mantendo a perpetuação dos recursos naturais. Nessa perspectiva, o presente trabalho buscou identificar os diferentes níveis de fragilidade física na bacia hidrográfica do Rio Mocajuba – PA por meio da interação de elementos físicos e bióticos (pedologia, geologia, altitude, intensidade pluviométrica e uso e cobertura da terra) para a representação da paisagem local. Verificou-se que a bacia do Rio Mocajuba possui uma maior proporção de classes Média, Baixa e Alta, respectivamente, para Fragilidade Emergente e Potencial. Em que as áreas antropizadas promoveram o incremento da fragilidade natural, assim como observou-se que a classe de fragilidade baixa se concentrou na foz da bacia, englobando manguezais e áreas vegetadas. E a classe média e alta envolveram áreas de mangue e áreas antropizadas. Dessa forma a aplicação de metodologias de fragilidade possibilitam gerar um diagnóstico dos fatores limitantes ao uso e ocupação das terras. Assim como identificar áreas prioritárias para conservação e restauração florestal, contribuindo com a gestão e planejamento territorial da bacia.Palavras-chave: Fragilidade. Ecossistema. Alteração. Uso da Terra. Planejamento. Gestão. Potential and emerging environmental fragility of the Mocajuba river basin - PA A B S T R A C TThe analysis of the potential of environmental fragilities of natural and anthropized environments aims to adapt measures for conservation, restoration and anthropic uses of these ecosystems, maintaining the perpetuation of natural resources. In this perspective, the present work sought to identify the different levels of physical fragility in the hydrographic basin of the Mocajuba River - PA through the interaction of physical and biotic elements (pedology, geology, altitude, rainfall and land use and coverage) for representation of the local landscape. It was found that the Mocajuba River basin has a higher proportion of Middle, Low and High classes, respectively, for Emerging and Potential Fragility. Where the anthropized areas promoted an increase in natural fragility, just as it was observed that the class of low fragility was concentrated at the mouth of the basin, encompassing mangroves and vegetated areas. And the middle and upper class involved mangrove areas and man-made areas. Thus, the application of fragility methodologies makes it possible to generate a diagnosis of the factors limiting the use and occupation of land. As well as identifying priority areas for forest conservation and restoration. Contributing to the management and territorial planning of the basin.Keywords: Fragility. Ecosystem. Amendment. Land use. Planning. Management.
Student Ownership of Learning: A Student’s Experience
Authors: Sakai Rena , Bakke Christine
Published: June 2022

Aim/Purpose: This study reports the outcome of Student Ownership of Learning (SOL) through developing a shopping application. This research aims to describe embedding agile career-like experiences into software development courses in order to improve perceived educational value.

Background: Many classes consist of lectures, homework, and tests; however, most students do not remember what they learn through passive instruction. The re-searchers of this study believe that SOL and Scrum can be combined to guide students as they take an active and leading role in their learning.

Methodology: This study implemented SOL and Scrum to promote learning through teacher and student collaboration. Iterative development of an ill-defined and complex software project progressed through goal setting, task determination, prioritization, and timeboxing. Following Scrum, the complex project was first broken down into small units.

The development followed short periods of independent work followed by meetings; each timeboxed development cycle is modeled after a Scrum sprint. Weekly instructor-student meetings emphasized planning and reflection through code review, discussions of progress and challenges, and prioritization for the next iteration. The project followed the agile philosophy of soft-ware development flow through iterative development rather than focusing on a defined end date.

Contribution: This study provides a practical guide for successful student learning based on SOL and Scrum through project details such as project successes and iterative challenges.

Findings: This study found that SOL, when combined with Scrum, can be used to provide a career-like software development experience. Student perceptions reflect regular interactions with a subject matter expert for the development of a complex software project increased willingness to learn, helped clarify goals, and advanced development of independent programming skills.

Recommendations for Practitioners: Practitioners can share this research with faculty members from different faculties to develop the best solutions for SOL using Scrum.

Recommendations for Researchers: Researchers are encouraged to explore different disciplines and different perspectives where SOL and Scrum methods might be implemented to increase active learning through teamwork or project-based learning.

Impact on Society: This study is beneficial for creating or redesigning a course to include career-like experiences. Readers can understand that the high level of engagement and achievement achieved through SOL and Scrum are the driving forces for project success.

Future Research: Practitioners and researchers can expand the current body of knowledge through further exploration of Scrum and SOL in educational settings where the emulation of real career experiences is desired. Future research examining best practices, tools, and methods for embedding complex software development projects into programming courses would benefit instructional faculty in many technical disciplines.
CSR Strategies of Five-Star Hotels in Denpasar-Bali Based on Local Community Perceptions
Authors: Rini I Gusti Ayu Intan Saputra , Hasim Muhammad Asyraf
Published: June 2022

The hotel industry provides numerous jobs and has a significant contribution to local and global economies. Given that the hotel industry is an industry with a significant global impact, it is required to take social and environmental responsibilities earnestly. This study aims to describe the corporate social responsibility (CSR) strategies of five-star hotels in Denpasar City to examine the perceptions of surrounding communities toward these programs and to develop the appropriate CSR strategies for these hotels. This research is a qualitative study employing an exploratory sequential mixed method. The sample of hotel management staff who were interviewed and other respondents who filled out the research questionnaire were selected via purposive sampling. Results prove that CSR in five-star hotels in Denpasar City does not have its own autonomous field and budget authority. In fact, just one five-star hotel in the city has a CSR department. CSR activities in the hotels are in the form of maintenance and donations, and most of them (59%) are perceived as low by the surrounding community. Based on these findings, this work is able to develop a CSR management strategy for five-star hotels in Denpasar City.
Corporate Social Responsibility Performance and Ownership Structures adding Value to Indonesiaâ€™s Banking Sector
Authors: Hatane Saarce Elsye , Telim Jessica Hermawan , Tjanlisan Revina , Tandiono Graciela Agustin , Tjandra Madeline
Published: June 2022

This research examines the link between corporate social responsibility (CSR) and ownership structure on firm value to encourage sustainability of the banking industry in Indonesia. The study uses the Kinder, Lydenberg, and Dominiâ€™s (KLD) assessment to evaluate CSR in the banking sector in Indonesia, and further, it uses economic value added to assess a firmâ€™s value. This research studied 37 banks in Indonesia from 2013 to 2018. The research model employed weighted least square panel tests. Results reveal that the CSR influence is significantly positive for firm value. However, other ownership structures that have a similar effect on firm value are government ownership and foreign institutional ownership. The results further indicate that CSR can be a means of communication and can form a part of a bankâ€™s strategy to enhance value, especially the elements of diversity, environment, and products. Moreover, this research finding provides decision-makers with in-depth knowledge regarding the beneficial effects of ownership structure on company value. The study develops the results from previous studies by discussing each component of CSR performance in the KLD and determines that each component has a varying effect on firm value.
The Effect of CSR Disclosure on Firm Value with Profitability and Leverage as Moderators
Authors: R. Aprilyani Dewi Putu Pande , Sudana I Putu , Badera I Dewa Nyoman , Rasmini I Ketut
Published: June 2022

This study determines the effect of the corporate social responsibility (CSR) disclosure on firm value. The population of this study is composed of mining companies listed on the Indonesian Stock Exchange from 2016 to 2018. The study used a purposive sampling technique and obtained a sample of 66 companies. Applying moderated regression analysis, the results indicate a positive effect of CSR disclosure on firm value. Furthermore, profitability strengthens this effect on firm value, whereas leverage weakens it. CSR disclosure and its interaction with leverage reveal an influence on firm value. The lower the level of the leverage ratio of a company, the higher the CSR disclosure conducted by it, which subsequently increases firm value. This study contributes to business professionals by confirming that firm value will rise with increased CSR disclosure in financial reports.
Sustainability Reporting on Financial Performance of Sri Lankan Listed Companies: How Strong is the Impact?
Authors: Weerarathna Ranitha Sachinthana , Lokeshwara Anuja Akalanka , Sandali Weerarathna Arachchi Patabendige Limalka , Chandula Gunathilake Walallawita Kankanamge Nisal , Nirman Marasinghe Arachchige Chathushka
Published: June 2022

This study seeks to examine and identify the impact of sustainability reporting (SR) on the financial performance (FP) of listed companies in Sri Lanka. Data were collected from annual reports of listed companies where sustainability is disclosed in line with the Global Reporting Initiative (GRI) framework. A quantitative approach was used to gather relevant data of the entire population of 289 companies listed on the Colombo Stock Exchange, representing 20 different market sectors. Following purposive sampling, 55 listed companies were ultimately considered, based on the report preparation of those companies having been in line with the GRI framework from 2015/16 to 2018/19. SR was gathered through content analysis based on G4 and GRI standards and measured using an SR index. The authors measured FP using return on assets (ROA). After collecting the data, the authors analyzed it with panel data regression. Findings revealed an insignificant negative impact of SR on the FP of the listed companies in Sri Lanka. Further, researchers identified the impact of each disclosure of SR on FP and identified mixed results.
تصورات المشرفين التربويين عن مظاهر تطوير الإشراف التربوي وتحدياته في سلطنة عمان: دراسة نوعية
Authors: حماد وحيد شاه بور , محمد عزام عبد النبي , المهدي ياسر فتحي , الكيومي أمل راشد
Published: June 2022

هدفت الدراسة إلى إجراء استقصاء نوعي لتصورات عينة من المشرفين التربويين والمشرفين الأوائل وقيادات الإشراف في سلطنة عمان، عن واقع الإشراف التربوي بسلطنة عمان، من حيث مظاهر التطوير التي شهدتها المنظومة في ظل التجديدات التربوية الحالية، بالإضافة إلى التحديات التي ما زالت تعيق المشرفين التربويين عن تحقيق أهداف العملية الإشرافية على النحو المطلوب. جُمعت بياناتُ الدراسة من خلال مقابلات جماعية مع أفراد العينة الذين بلغ عددهم (60) فردًا من خمس محافظات، هي: مسقط، وظفار، وجنوب الباطنة، وشمال الشرقية، ومسندم، وقد أشارت النتائج إلى وجود عدد من التغييرات الإيجابية التي اعتبرها المشاركون تطويرًا للعملية الإشرافية، مثل التنويع في الأساليب الإشرافية، وتمكين المعلم الأول بوصفِه مشرفًا مقيمًا، وتوظيف التكنولوجيا في العملية الإشرافية، وتطوير تدريب المشرفين التربويين، إلا أن النتائج أظهرت أيضًا عددًا من التحديات التي يرى المشاركون أنها تعيق منظومة الإشراف عن تحقيق أهدافها، منها: تحديات إدارية وتنظيمية، وتحديات مالية ومادية، وتحديات فنية. وقد انتهت الدراسة بتقديم عدد من التوصيات لتطوير منظومة الإشراف التربوي في سلطنة عمان.
أثر برنامج تدريبي قائم على مهارات الذكاء العاطفي في تطوير الاتجاهات نحو ظاهرة التنمر المدرسي لدى طالبات الصف العاشر في سلطنة عمان
Authors: الخنبشية خولة بنت خليفة بن محمد , الظفري سعيد بن سليمان , الخروصية عزة بنت أحمد بن عبد الله , المبيحسية فايزة بنت مصبح بن حسن
Published: June 2022

هدفت هذه الدراسة إلى التعرف على أثر برنامج تدريبي قائم على مهارات الذكاء العاطفي، في تطوير الاتجاهات نحو ظاهرة التنمر المدرسي، لدى طالبات الصف العاشر في سلطنة عمان. ولتحقيق أهداف الدراسة استخدم المنهج شبه التجريبي؛ فأُعِدَّ برنامج تدريبي وطُبِّق على العينة التجريبية، كما أُعدت استبانة قبلية وبعدية؛ لمعرفة اتجاهات طالبات الصف العاشر نحو سلوك التنمر المدرسي، وبعد التأكد من صدق الأداة وثباتها طُبِّقت على عينة الدراسة التي تمثلت في مجموعتين: تجريبية (25) طالبة، وضابطة (29) طالبة، ومن أبرز النتائج التي توصلت إليها الدراسة: عدم وجود فروق ذات دلالة إحصائية عند مستوى دلالة (α ≤ 0.05) بين أفراد المجموعتين التجريبية والضابطة في القياس البعدي للاتجاهات نحو التنمر، بعد أن كانت طالبات المجموعة التجريبية أكثر ميلًا إلى ممارسة التنمر قبل البرنامج التدريبي. وجود فروق ذات دلالة إحصائية عند مستوى دلالة (α ≤ 0.05) في درجات الاتجاه نحو سلوك التنمر المدرسي، لدى أفراد المجموعة التجريبية بين القياسين القبلي والبعدي. وفي ضوء ما توصلت إليه نتائج الدراسة وُضع عدد من التوصيات، أهمها تطبيق البرنامج في الشعب الدراسية الأخرى؛ لِما له من أثر في خفض اتجاه الطالبات نحو القيام بسلوك التنمر المدرسي، كما أوصت الدراسة بعمل ورش للمدارس المجاورة؛ لتعميم تطبيق البرنامج على الطلبة والطالبات.
المرونة النفسية والتنظيم الانفعالي وعلاقتهما بالوالدية الإيجابية لدى الوالدين العمانيين خلال فترة انتشار جائحة كورونا
Authors: البراشدية حفيظة سليمان أحمد
Published: June 2022

هدفت الدراسة الحالية إلى استكشاف العلاقة بين المرونة النفسية والتنظيم الانفعالي وعلاقتهما بالوالدية الإيجابية، لدى عينة من الآباء والأمهات العمانيين خلال فترة انتشار جائحة كورونا، والتعرف على تأثير بعض المتغيرات الديموغرافية في المرونة. وتكونت عينة الدراسة من (442) من الآباء والأمهات، منهم (55.9٪) من الإناث. طبقت عليهم استبانةُ المرونة النفسية للوالدين لِبورك وموور (Burke & Moore, 2015)، ومقياس التنظيم الانفعالي للوالدين لِلوربر وآخرين (Lorber et al., 2017)، ومقياس الممارسات الوالدية الإيجابية من إعداد الباحثة. أوضحت النتائج وجود علاقة موجبة ودالة إحصائيًا بين المرونة النفسية للوالدين والتنظيم الانفعالي، في حين لم تظهر أية ارتباطات دالة إحصائيًا بين المرونة النفسية وأبعادها والتنظيم الانفعالي وأبعاده وبين ممارسات الوالدية الإيجابية، ما عدا بعد الإخماد. كما بينت النتائج أنّ مستوى المرونة النفسية والتنظيم الانفعالي لدى الوالدين العمانيين خلال فترة جائحة كورونا كان عاليًا، في حين كان مستوى ممارسات الوالدية الإيجابية متوسطًا. كما وُجدت فروق بين الوالدين في المرونة النفسية، وفقًا لمتغيرات مستوى الجنس وعدد الأبناء والسكن، في حين لم تظهر فروق بين الوالدين في المرونة النفسية تُعزى إلى متغيرَيْ مستوى التعليم والدخل. وأخيرًا، كشفت النتائج إمكانية التنبؤ بالوالدية الإيجابية، من خلال ممارسة الوالدين لاستراتيجية الإخماد للتنظيم الانفعالي.
ممارسات المشرفين التربويين للإشراف المتنوع كما يدركها المعلمون بمدارس التعليم ما بعد الأساسي في محافظة مسقط بسلطنة عمان
Authors: العلوية منى بنت خميس بن راشد , إبراهيم حسام الدين السيد محمد , الحارثية خالصة بنت سالم بن حمد
Published: June 2022

هدفت الدراسة إلى التعرف على درجة ممارسة المشرفين التربويين للإشراف المتنوع بمدارس التعليم ما بعد الأساسي في محافظة مسقط بسلطنة عمان، وكذلك الكشف عن الفروق في متوسطات استجابات أفراد العينة، وفقًا لمتغيرات: النوع، والمسمى الوظيفي، وسنوات الخبرة الوظيفية. ولتحقيق أهداف الدراسة، استُخدم المنهج الوصفي، وأُعدت استبانة مكونة من ثلاثة محاور، تتعلق بدرجة ممارسة المشرفين التربويين للإشراف المتنوع، وهي: (أسس الإشراف المتنوع ومرتكزاته، ومهام المشرف التربوي في ضوء الإشراف المتنوع، وأساليب الإشراف المتنوع)، وطُبقت الاستبانة على عينة مكونة من (300) معلمٍ ومعلمة. وبعد معالجة البيانات إحصائيًا، توصلت الدراسة إلى العديد من النتائج، أهمها: أن درجة ممارسة المشرفين التربويين للإشراف المتنوع بمدارس التعليم ما بعد الأساسي، جاء بدرجة متوسطة في المحاور الثلاثة، وأن أقل أساليب الإشراف المتنوع ممارسةً هو أسلوب التطوير المكثف، وذلك بدرجة ضعيفة، كما أظهرت النتائج عدم وجود فروق دالة إحصائيًا تُعزى إلى متغيرَي النوع وسنوات الخبرة الوظيفية، في حين توجد فروق دالة إحصائيًا وفقًا لمتغير المسمى الوظيفي، وذلك لصالح المعلمين الأوائل في جميع المحاور. وخلصت الدراسة إلى وضع مجموعة من الإجراءات، ومنها: ضرورة اهتمام المشرفين التربويين بالتطوير المكثف للمعلمين الجدد والمعلمين الذين لديهم قصور في أدائهم التدريسي.