bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Cobalt-based molecular electrocatalysis of nitrile reduction: evolving sustainability beyond hydrogen
Authors: Child Simon N. , Raychev Radoslav , Moss Nathan , Howchen Benjamin , Horton Peter N. , Prior Christopher C. , Oganesyan Vasily S. , Fielden John
Published: June 2019

Two complexes, designed as hydrogen evolution catalysts, are shown to be the first earth-abundant molecular electrocatalysts for reduction of acetonitrile to ethylamine.
The winding road of the uvaretin class of natural products: from total synthesis to bioactive agent discovery
Authors: Dallman Johnathan , Lansakara Ashabha , Nguyen Thi , Weeramange Chamitha , Hulangamuwa Wasundara , Rafferty Ryan J.
Published: June 2019

Herein, we disclose the development of a synthetic route to gain access to the uvaretin class of chalcone natural products.
Drug-resistance inMycobacterium tuberculosis: where we stand
Authors: Mabhula Amanda , Singh Vinayak
Published: June 2019

Tuberculosis (TB), an infectious disease caused by the bacteriumMycobacterium tuberculosis(Mtb), has burdened vulnerable populations in modern day societies for decades.
The synthesis of 3-ethyl-5-methyl-2,6-diarylpiperidin-4-on-1-ium picrates and their spectral, XRD and theoretical studies
Authors: Amala S. , Rajarajan G. , Dhineshkumar E. , Arockia doss M. , Thanikachalam V. , Selvanayagam S. , Sridhar B.
Published: June 2019

This paper reports the synthesis of 3-ethyl-5-methyl-2,6-diarylpiperidin-4-on-1-ium picrates (1–3). The compounds were characterized by spectral techniques and theoretical methods.
Facile charge transfer in fibrous PdPt bimetallic nanocube counter electrodes
Authors: Ramli Muhamad Adam , Saad Siti Khatijah Md , Mawarnis Elvy Rahmi , Umar Marjoni Imamora Ali , Menon P. Susthitha , Rahman Mohd Yusri Abd , Ali Umar Akrajas
Published: June 2019

Enhanced charge transfer is realized in DSSCs that utilize poriferous PdPt bimetallic nanocubes as the counter electrode.
Synthesis of carbon quantum dots with green luminescence from potato starch
Authors: Qiang Ruibin , Yang Shengrong , Hou Kaiming , Wang Jinqing
Published: June 2019

Water-soluble carbon quantum dots (CQDs) are synthesized via an acid assisted ultrasonic route using the biomass carbon precursor of potato starch as the raw material.
Specific HER2 targeting and triggered drug release by conformational transformation of a dual-functional peptide gatekeeper on mesoporous nanocontainers
Authors: Lee Jeonghun , Oh Eun-Taex , Kang Hansol , Kim Jiwon , Kim Ha Gyeong , Park Heon Joo , Kim Chulhee
Published: June 2019

For specific targeting of HER2 and triggered drug release by stimuli-responsive conformational transformation, we developed a dual-functional cyclic peptide gatekeeper containing a HER2-binding sequence on the surface of mesoporous nanocontainers.
Sol–gel chemistry in molten Brønsted acids towards “activated” carbons and beyond
Authors: Koyutürk Burak , Evans Josh , Multhaupt Hendrik , Selve Sören , Simke Jan Ron Justin , Wark Michael , Fellinger Tim-Patrick
Published: June 2019

Chemical activation of carbons is usually assigned to an oxidative and dehydrating nature of activating agents. We herein suggest that activating agents rather act as high temperature solvents and the porosity is developed by carbon phase separation.
Integrated MXene&CoFe2O4 electrodes with multi-level interfacial architectures for synergistic lithium-ion storage
Authors: Lu Ming , Li Haojie , Han Wenjuan , Wang Yongzhao , Shi Wen , Wang Jiaheng , Chen Hong , Li Haibo , Zhang Bingsen , Zhang Wei , Zheng Weitao
Published: June 2019

A flexible integrative MXenes&CoFe2O4 hybrid 3D electrode with a bilayer design was constructed via a two-step vacuum filtered process.
Single-molecule force spectroscopy to decipher the early signalling step in membrane-bound penicillin receptors embedded into a lipid bilayer
Authors: Mescola Andrea , Dauvin Marjorie , Amoroso Ana , Duwez Anne-Sophie , Joris Bernard
Published: June 2019

AFM-based single-molecule force spectroscopy is used to investigate the signalling mechanism of a penicillin receptor in a membrane environment.
Magnetically responsive colloidal crystals with angle-independent gradient structural colors in microfluidic droplet arrays
Authors: Chi Junjie , Shao Changmin , Zhang Yalan , Ni Dong , Kong Tiantian , Zhao Yuanjin
Published: June 2019

Magnetically responsive colloidal crystals with angle-independent gradient structural colors could be achieved in the microfluidic droplet arrays, which have a significant value in optical applications.
Copper-catalyzed enantioselective Mannich reaction between N-acylpyrazoles and isatin-derived ketimines
Authors: Lu Jian , Fan Ying , Sha Feng , Li Qiong , Wu Xin-Yan
Published: June 2019

A copper-catalyzed enantioselective Mannich reaction between N-acylpyrazoles and isatin-derived ketimines is developed.
Ligandless nickel-catalyzed transfer hydrogenation of alkenes and alkynes using water as the hydrogen donor
Authors: Hu Xiaoping , Wang Gaonan , Qin Chunxiang , Xie Xin , Zhang Chunli , Xu Wei , Liu Yuanhong
Published: June 2019

The first general route for nickel-catalyzed transfer hydrogenation reaction of alkenes and alkynes using water as the hydrogen source has been developed.
Micranthanosides I and II, two novel 1,10-secograyanane diterpenoids and their antinociceptive analogues from the leaves and twigs of Rhododendron micranthum
Authors: Zhu Yuxun , Yan Huimin , Wang Xiaojing , Zhang Zhaoxin , Zhang Huanping , Chai Lisha , Li Li , Qu Jing , Li Yong
Published: June 2019

Two unusual diterpenoids with a new 1,10-secograyanane skeleton and thirteen new analogues from the leaves and twigs of Rhododendron micranthum were obtained.
Fluorinated graphdiyne as a significantly enhanced fluorescence material
Authors: Xiao Wenqing , Kang Huifang , Lin Yuda , Liang Mingxing , Li Jiaxin , Huang Feng , Feng Qian , Zheng Yongping , Huang Zhigao
Published: June 2019

The enhanced fluorescence of FGDY is considered to be induced by low phonon energy of fluoride, reducing non-radiative transition sites.
One-pot regioselective C–H activation iodination–cyanation of 2,4-diarylquinazolines using malononitrile as a cyano source
Authors: Yan Ziqiao , Ouyang Banlai , Mao Xunchun , Gao Wei , Deng Zhihong , Peng Yiyuan
Published: June 2019

A one-pot cyanation of 2,4-arylquinazoline with NIS and malononitrile has been developed.
Nanoscale iron (oxyhydr)oxide-modified carbon nanotube filter for rapid and effective Sb(iii) removal
Authors: Liu Yanbiao , Yao Jinyu , Liu Fuqiang , Shen Chensi , Li Fang , Yang Bo , Huang Manhong , Sand Wolfgang
Published: June 2019

Herein, nanoscale iron (oxyhydr)oxide-coated carbon nanotube (CNT) filters were rationally designed for rapid and effective removal of Sb(iii) from water.
Development of a visible light, cross-linked GelMA hydrogel containing decellularized human amniotic particles as a soft tissue replacement for oral mucosa repair
Authors: Zhang Qiang , Qian Chunyu , Xiao Wanshu , Zhu Huajun , Guo Jun , Ge Zili , Cui Wenguo
Published: June 2019

Early effective treatment of oral mucosal defects is the key to ensuring defect healing and functional recovery.
High-energy proton irradiation damage on two-dimensional hexagonal boron nitride
Authors: Lee Dongryul , Yoo Sanghyuk , Bae Jinho , Park Hyunik , Kang Keonwook , Kim Jihyun
Published: June 2019

The dielectric layer, which is an essential building block in electronic device circuitry, is subject to intrinsic or induced defects that limit its performance.
Preparation of chrome-tanned leather shaving-based hierarchical porous carbon and its capacitance properties
Authors: Ma Fei , Ding Shaolan , Ren Huijun , Peng Piaolin
Published: June 2019

A chromium oxide-carbon composite material was formed by the high-temperature carbonization of chromium-tanned leather shavings, followed by the leaching of chrome oxide and activation by KOH.
Paving the way towards green catalytic materials for green fuels: impact of chemical species on Mo-based catalysts for hydrodeoxygenation
Authors: Valencia Diego , Díaz-García Leonardo , Ramírez-Verduzco Luis Felipe , Qamar Amir , Moewes Alexander , Aburto Jorge
Published: June 2019

A series of Mo-based catalysts were synthesized by tuning the sulfidation temperature to produce mixtures of MoO3 and MoS2 as active phases for the hydrodeoxygenation (HDO) of palmitic acid.
Systematic study of the substitution effect on the tetrel bond between 1,4-diazabicyclo[2.2.2]octane and TH3X
Authors: Hou Mingchang , Jin Kunyu , Li Qingzhong , Liu Shufeng
Published: June 2019

A tetrel bond was characterized in the complexes of 1,4-diazabicyclo[2.2.2]octane (DABCO) with TH3X (T = C, Si, Ge; X= –Me, –H, –OH, –NH2, –F, –Cl, –Br, –I, –CN, –NO2).
Towards large scale hybrid QM/MM dynamics of complex systems with advanced point dipole polarizable embeddings
Authors: Loco Daniele , Lagardère Louis , Cisneros Gérardo A. , Scalmani Giovanni , Frisch Michael , Lipparini Filippo , Mennucci Benedetta , Piquemal Jean-Philip
Published: June 2019

Hybrid DFT(Gaussian)/AMOEBA(Tinker/Tinker-HP) polarizable molecular dynamics including the QM/MM mutual polarization on large complex systems. Example of the thiazole orange dye buried in a DNA double helix, embedded in a sphere of water (16 500 atoms).
Gradient copolymer micelles: an introduction to structures as well as structural transitions
Authors: Zheng Chao
Published: June 2019

Gradient chain structure induced characteristics in the structure as well as the transitions of gradient copolymer micelles.
Designing Pd/O co-doped MoSx for boosting the hydrogen evolution reaction
Authors: Zhan Yingxin , Zhou Xuemei , Nie Huagui , Xu Xiangju , Zheng Xiannuo , Hou Junjie , Duan Huan , Huang Shaoming , Yang Zhi
Published: June 2019

Pd/O co-doped MoSx catalyst with an excellent HER performance is designed by an upgraded sacrificial-counter-electrode method. DFT calculations confirm that the Pd/O co-doping and the unsaturated S atoms around the defects (PdMo + OS) would enormously promote the HER activity.
Hierarchical nanotubes constructed from CoSe2 nanorods with an oxygen-rich surface for an efficient oxygen evolution reaction
Authors: Jia Baoming , Xue Ziqian , Liu Qian , Liu Qinglin , Liu Kang , Liu Min , Chan Ting-Shan , Li Yinle , Li Zhijun , Su Cheng-Yong , Li Guangqin
Published: June 2019

Hierarchical structural nanotubes constructed from CoSe2 nanorods with an oxygen-rich surface facilitate an efficient electrocatalytic oxygen evolution reaction.
Effective charge separation of inverted polymer solar cells using versatile MoS2 nanosheets as an electron transport layer
Authors: Lee Kyu Seung , Park Young Jae , Shim Jaeho , Lee Chil-Hyoung , Lim Guh-Hwan , Kim Hak Yong , Choi Jin Woo , Lee Chang-Lyoul , Jin Yeonghoon , Yu Kyoungsik , Chung Hee-Suk , Angadi Basavaraj , Na Seok-In , Son Dong Ick
Published: June 2019

Molybdenum disulfide (MoS2) has been used as an electron transfer layer for improving the performance of inverted polymer solar cell devices.
A near-infrared responsive germanium complex of Ge/GeO2 for targeted tumor phototherapy
Authors: Gao Yan , Wang Siqi , Yang Chunyu , An Na , Liu Zhao , Yan Mei , Guo Chongshen
Published: June 2019

Macrophage-loaded germanium realized in vivo synergetic photothermal and photodynamic outcomes to remove solid tumors in mice.
Regulation of aggregation-induced emission behaviours and mechanofluorochromism of tetraphenylethene through different oxidation states of sulphur moieties
Authors: Yang Qin , Li Dongyang , Chi Weijie , Guo Ronghui , Yan Bin , Lan Jianwu , Liu Xiaogang , Yin Jun
Published: June 2019

Different oxidation states of sulphur can be used to regulate the aggregation-induced emission (AIE) behaviours and reversible mechanofluorochromic properties of tetraphenylethene (TPE) derivatives.
Detection performance enhancement for compressive sensing radar under low‐SNR via pulse accumulation measurement matrix
Authors: Tao Yu , Liu Chengyi , Zhang Jingya , Zhang Gong
Published: June 2019

The authors investigate the problem of a compressive sensing radar (CSR) trying to improve the detection performance with strong noise and clutter. Structured measurement matrix is employed to achieve pulse accumulation and then improve the detection performance of CSR under low signal‐to‐noise ratio (low‐SNR). Targets' Doppler frequency can be firstly detected when the received signal is measured by the proposed Doppler filter measurement matrix. With the estimated Doppler frequency, the pulse accumulation measurement matrix (PAMM) is devised to achieve the integration of the received pulses. Different from the existed methods, with the proposed PAMM, target's delay information of all velocities can be estimated simultaneously with just one optimised reconstruction. A modified K‐targets‐PAMM (KPAMM) scheme is then introduced to achieve further detection performance improvement. The target's range migration problem is also considered in this study and a long‐term KPAMM (LT‐KPAMM) detection scheme is proposed by devising a migration compensation measurement matrix. Grouped pulse accumulation can be achieved by the LT‐KPAMM to avoid the influence of the range migration. Numerical results demonstrate that the proposed measurement matrix based method can obtain good detection performance improvement under low‐SNR.
Operational study of domestic battery energy storage system
Authors: McMahon Richard , Logan Thomas , Miles John , McMahon Nick , Ridge Alex
Published: June 2019

A battery energy storage system (BESS) has been constructed and deployed in a residential property. The BESS uses a pack of lead‐acid batteries with a centre‐tap enabling the use of a simple half‐bridge converter as the bi‐directional interface to the mains. The BESS has been used in a number of ways including solar self‐consumption, capping the demand from the mains, providing the power for a heat pump and deferral of the load from charging a battery electric vehicle. All these have proven satisfactory on the basis of measured results. Solar self‐consumption, demand capping, and load shifting in the context of the normal domestic load can be achieved with a modest battery capacity, 3 to 5 kWh, but significant deferral of vehicle charging and time shifting of the winter heat pump load point to larger batteries, over 10 kWh. On the basis of current electricity tariffs in the UK, the cost of a BESS will not be recovered but a combination of new revenue streams, new time of use tariffs, possible subsidies, and reductions in system costs would make the use of a BESS economically attractive.
Fallstricke in der MRT-Diagnostik des Kniegelenks
Authors: Wunn Rainer , Kramer Josef
Published: June 2019

Wegen ihres ausgezeichneten Weichteilkontrasts ist die MRT die Methode der Wahl, um Gelenke und die sie umgebenden Strukturen zu beurteilen. Eine gute Diagnostik setzt dabei mindestens voraus, Anatomie, Pathologie, pathophysiologische Mechanismen und häufige Verletzungsmuster zu kennen. Aber auch die in diesem Beitrag vorgestellten weniger augenscheinlichen Diagnosen sind essenzieller Bestandteil der Diagnostik.
Rastlos erschöpft
Authors: Pasch Anja
Published: June 2019

Burnout entsteht durch eine Kombination aus äußeren Herausforderungen und einer nicht daran angepassten Persönlichkeit und Lebensweise. Einst den helfenden Tätigkeiten zugeordnet, betrifft das Problem heute alle Berufsgruppen, gehäuft Menschen mit Mehrfachbelastungen. Zur Diagnose führen die drei Leitsymptome emotionale Erschöpfung, Depersonalisation und abnehmende Leistungsfähigkeit.
Association between Flash Glucose Monitoring and Metabolic Control as well as Treatment Satisfaction in Outpatients With Diabetes Type 1
Authors: Kramer Guido , Michalak Laura , Müller Ulrich Alfons , Kloos Christof , Werner Christoph , Kuniss Nadine
Published: June 2019

Objective The aim of this study was to follow-up people with diabetes type 1 and Flash Glucose Monitoring (FGM) regarding metabolic control and treatment satisfaction.

Methods 40 people with diabetes type 1 and FGM use of ≥6 months were included in the study (female 55%, age 50.9 y, diabetes duration 21.9 y, HbA1c 7.4%, 57.6 mmol/mol, insulin pump therapy 32.5%). The number of scans per day and time/frequency of hypoglycaemia (interstitial glucose value ≤3.9 mmol/l) was recorded from 28 days of the glucose readings. Change of treatment satisfaction was assessed with the DTSQc questionnaire at follow-up (range−18 to+18).

Results Mean time of follow-up was 1.0±0.4 y. At follow-up, all participants scanned interstitial glucose 11.9±7.7 times/day. Number of self-monitoring of blood glucose decreased from 6.7±4.2 (baseline) to 0.9±1.8 (follow-up) per day (p<0.001). In individuals with baseline HbA1c ≤7.5%, HbA1c increased (from 6.6±0.7% to 7.0±0.4%, p=0.020). On the contrary, in people with HbA1c>7.5%, HbA1c decreased (from 8.2±0.7% to 7.8±0.7%, p=0.001). In all participants, there were no differences regarding insulin dosage (33.8±12.9 vs. 34.6±13.9 IU/day, p=0.679) and number of insulin injections/day (3.9±2.3 vs. 4.0±2.6, p=0.813) between baseline and follow-up. Frequency of symptomatic hypoglycaemia was at baseline 0.3±0.3 events/day and 0.48±0.36 events/day (recognised, symptomatic events) at follow-up, respectively. In addition, 0.26±0.21 unrecognised hypoglycaemic events/day occurred at follow-up. Treatment satisfaction increased by+12.6 points.

Conclusions FGM was associated with an enormous increase in treatment satisfaction and slightly improved metabolic control in people with baseline HbA1c>7.5%. The number of capillary glucose measurements decreased significantly.
Intoxikationen und Drogennotfälle
Authors: Wirtz Sebastian
Published: June 2019

Vergiftungen und Drogennotfälle im Rettungsdienst können durch sehr viele unterschiedliche Stoffgruppen entstehen. Eben diese Vielfalt stellt das Rettungsteam oft vor große Herausforderungen, wobei häufig eine Vergiftung nicht offensichtlich ist. Eine aufmerksame Erfassung der Erstsituation, eine sorgfältige Eigen- und Fremdanamnese und die Einordnung der Leitsymptome geben dem Notarzt Hinweise auf die Diagnose.
Feuer – Faszination, Fortschritt und Fluch
Authors: Bierbach Elvira
Published: June 2019

Zunächst lernten Vorfahren des Homo sapiens, Feuer zu hüten, später es kontrolliert zu entzünden. Beides brachte ihnen evolutionäre Vorteile. Viele zivilisatorische Errungenschaften wurden erst durch den Einsatz von Feuer möglich; gleichzeitig taten sich durch seine Nutzung neue Gefahren auf. In den Medizinalsystemen steht Feuer gleichermaßen für Vitalität und vernichtende Potenziale. Es gilt, seine Kraft im Menschen zu bewahren und im Zaum zu halten.
Cardiometabolic Risk Factors in Men with Elevated Macroprolactin Content: A Pilot Study
Authors: Krysiak Robert , Szkróbka Witold , Okopień Bogusław
Published: June 2019

Background Macroprolactinemia is a condition associated with the presence of large amounts of high molecular weight complexes of prolactin. Despite high prevalence, clinical significance of macroprolactin remains poorly understood.

Objective The aim of this study was to assess cardiometabolic risk in men with isolated macroprolactinemia.

Methods The study population included 11 men with isolated macroprolactinemia, 14 subjects with monomeric hyperprolactinemia and 14 men with prolactin levels within the reference range. Glucose homeostasis markers, plasma lipids, as well as plasma levels of uric acid, high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP), fibrinogen, homocysteine and 25-hydroxyvitamin D were determined in all included patients.

Results Compared to healthy counterparts, men with isolated macroprolactinemia had higher levels of 2-h postchallenge glucose, hsCRP and fibrinogen, lower levels of 25-hydroxyvitamin D and reduced insulin sensitivity. Patients with monomeric hyperprolactinemia were characterized by increased plasma levels of 2-h postchallenge glucose, triglycerides, uric acid, hsCRP, fibrinogen and homocysteine, reduced insulin sensitivity and decreased plasma concentrations of HDL cholesterol and 25-hydroxyvitamin D. Subjects with isolated macroprolactinemia differed from patients with monomeric hyperprolactinemia in postchallenge plasma glucose, insulin sensitivity, uric acid, hsCRP, fibrinogen, homocysteine and 25-hydroxyvitamin D. In men with monomeric hyperprolactinemia, uric acid, hsCRP, fibrinogen, homocysteine and 25-hydroxyvitamin D, while in men with elevated levels of macroprolactin, uric acid, hsCRP, fibrinogen and 25-hydroxyvitamin D correlated with a content of monomeric prolactin or macroprolactin, respectively, as well as with a degree of insulin sensitivity.

Conclusions The obtained results suggest that macroprolactinemia may increase cardiometabolic risk but to a lesser extent than monomeric hyperprolactinemia.
Arbeitsfähigkeit von Pflegekräften in Deutschland
– welchen Präventionsbedarf hat das Pflegepersonal: Ergebnisse
einer Expertenbefragung
Authors: Ehegartner Veronika , Kirschneck Michaela , Frisch Dieter , Schuh Angela , Kus Sandra
Published: June 2019

Ziel Die berufliche Belastung der Pflegekräfte in Deutschland
steigt zunehmend. Spezifische Präventionsangebote können dabei
helfen, der steigenden Beanspruchung entgegen zu wirken. Um solch ein Angebot
entwickeln zu können, muss vorab der konkrete Bedarf der
Pflegekräfte an Schulungen und Maßnahmen im Bereich der
Prävention ermittelt werden. Das Ziel des Projektes
„PFLEGEprevent“ (gefördert vom Bayerischen
Staatsministerium für Gesundheit und Pflege) ist es ein
Präventionsprogramm zu entwickeln, das auf die speziellen
Bedürfnisse von Pflegekräften ausgerichtet ist. Das Projekt
besteht aus folgenden 4 Teilprojekten: (1) Identifizierung von
Bedürfnissen, Arbeitsbelastungen und beruflichen Herausforderungen der
Pflegekräfte und der wissenschaftlichen Evidenz (nationale
Expertenbefragung und systematischer Literaturreview), (2) Entwicklung des
Präventionsprogrammes für Pflegekräfte, (3)
Implementierung und Evaluierung des Präventionsprogrammes
(Interventionsstudie; DRKS00012870), (4) Ausarbeitung eines Manuals zur
Umsetzung der Maßnahme (Übertragbarkeit).

Methodik Zu Punkt (1) des Projektes „PFLEGEprevent“ wurde
die aktuelle subjektive Arbeitsfähigkeit der Pflegekräfte in
Deutschland und deren Bedarf im Bereich der Prävention mittels einer
nationalen Expertenbefragung von Pflegekräften in Deutschland erhoben.
Die Umfrage richtete sich an Pflegepersonal in ambulanten,
teilstationären und stationären Pflegeeinrichtungen und
Kliniken. Neben personenbezogenen Angaben und Fragen zur aktuellen Arbeit und
Einrichtung, wurden die subjektive Arbeitsfähigkeit der
Pflegekräfte (anhand des Work Ability Index, WAI) und der Bedarf an
Präventionsangeboten abgefragt.

Ergebnisse Es wurden 1381 Fragebögen von Pflegekräften
(w=81%) ausgewertet. Im Mittel waren die Befragten 40,1 Jahre
alt (SD=12,0) und arbeiteten seit 16,3 Jahren (SD=10,9) in der
Pflege. Im Schnitt ergabt sich ein WAI-Score von 37,2 (SD=7,1) Punkten,
was einer gerade noch guten Arbeitsfähigkeit entspricht. Es zeigten sich
jedoch Unterschiede in der Arbeitsfähigkeit nach Art der Einrichtung und
Anzahl der Berufsjahre. Der Bedarf des Pflegepersonals bei Schulungsangeboten
bestand v. a. zu den Themen Stress, Kommunikation und Teamarbeit. Praktische
Präventionsmaßnahmen sind v. a. in den Bereichen Entspannung,
Rückengesundheit und Kräftigung gefragt. 75% der
Befragten wären bereit an einem 5-tägigen
Präventionsprogramm teilzunehmen.

Schlussfolgerung Die subjektive Arbeitsfähigkeit der befragten
Pflegekräfte ist kritisch bis mäßig. Der Bedarf an einem
speziell für Pflegekräfte entwickeltem
Präventionsprogramm zur besseren Bewältigung von Belastungen und
Herausforderungen des beruflichen Alltags liegt eindeutig vor.
Dimethyloxalylglycine (DMOG) and the Caspase Inhibitor “Ac-LETD-CHO” Protect Neuronal ND7/23 Cells of Gluocotoxicity
Authors: Mukhopadhyay Debasmita , Hammami Mohammad , Khalouf Amani , Shaikh Yazan Al , Mohammed Abdul Khader , Hamad Mawieh , Salehi Albert , Taneera Jalal
Published: June 2019

It well known that long-lasting hyperglycaemia disrupts neuronal function and leads to neuropathy and other neurodegenerative diseases. The α-ketoglutarate analogue (DMOG) and the caspase-inhibitor “Ac-LETD-CHO are potential neuroprotective molecules. Whether their protections may also extend glucotoxicity-induced neuropathy is not known. Herein, we evaluated the possible cell-protective effects of DMOG and Ac-LETD-CHO against hyperglycaemia-induced reactive oxygen species and apoptosis in ND7/23 neuronal cells. The impact of glucotoxicity on the expression of HIF-1α and a panel of micro-RNAs of significance in hyperglycaemia and apoptosis was also investigated.

ND7/23 cells cultured under hyperglycaemic conditions showed decreased cell viability and elevated levels of ROS production in a dose- and time-dependent manner. However, presence DMOG (500 µM) and/or Ac-LETD-CHO (50 µM) counteracted this effect and increase cell viability concomitant with reduction in ROS production, DNA damage and apoptosis. AcLETD-CHO suppressed hyperglycaemia-induced caspase 3 activation in ND7/23 cells. Both DMOG and Ac-LETD-CHO increased HIF-1α expression paralleled with the suppression of miR-126–5p, miR-128–3p and miR-181 expression and upregulation of miR-26b, 106a-5p, 106b-5p, 135a-5p, 135b-5p, 138–5p, 199a-5p, 200a-3p and 200c-3p expression.

We demonstrate a mechanistic link for the DMOG and Ac-LETD-CHO protection against hyperglycaemia-induced neuronal dysfunction, DNA damage and apoptosis and thereby propose that pharmacological agents mimicking these effects may represent a promising novel therapy for the hyperglycaemia-induced neuropathy.
Use of Epiphysiodesis as Treatment for a Proximal Physeal Tibial Fracture in a Dog
Authors: Picavet Pierre P. , Bouvy Bernard , Hamon Martin , Lefebvre Michael , Balligand Marc
Published: June 2019

Objective The aim of this study was to describe the use of epiphysiodesis by the means of a screw to treat a proximal tibial Salter–Harris II fracture associated with a tibial tuberosity avulsion in a 4.5-month-old Airedale Terrier.

Study design A healing proximal tibial epiphyseal fracture was observed after a 10-day period. Tibial plateau angle was 40°. The fracture was treated by the insertion of a fluoroscopy-guided 3.5-mm cancellous screw.

Results Successful healing of fractures and levelling of tibia plateau were obtained. Final tibial plateau angle was 8°. At long-term follow-up (18 months), owners reported sustained and full functional recovery.

Conclusion Prior to ossification of the proximal tibial physis, epiphysiodesis with a screw can be used as a treatment of sub-acute, moderately displaced, Salter–Harris I or II fractures.
Potential Involvement of Osteopontin in Inflammatory and Fibrotic Processes in Pulmonary Embolism and Chronic Thromboembolic Pulmonary Hypertension
Authors: Kölmel Sebastian , Hobohm Lukas , Käberich Anja , Krieg Valentin J. , Bochenek Magdalena L. , Wenzel Philip , Wiedenroth Christoph B. , Liebetrau Christoph , Hasenfuß Gerd , Mayer Eckhard , Konstantinides Stavros V. , Schäfer Katrin , Guth Stefan , Lankeit Mareike
Published: June 2019

Background Inflammation and incomplete thrombus resolution leading to obstructive fibrotic remodelling are considered critical mechanisms for the development of chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension (CTEPH) after pulmonary embolism (PE). Osteopontin (OPN) is involved in a variety of biological processes including inflammation and tissue fibrosis.

Methods OPN plasma concentrations were measured in 70 CTEPH and 119 PE patients. Tissue material from 6 CTEPH patients removed during pulmonary endarterectomy and murine venous thrombi induced by subtotal ligation of the inferior vena cava in C57BL/6 mice were analysed by (immuno)histochemistry.

Results CTEPH patients had higher OPN plasma concentrations (median, 106.9 [interquartile range, 75.6–155.9]) compared to PE patients (90.4 [53.3–123.9] ng/mL, p = 0.001). OPN- and matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-9-positive cells were predominantly present in myofibroblast-rich and profibrotic areas of CTEPH tissue material. Early stages of murine thrombus resolution were characterised by high numbers of OPN- and MMP-2-positive cells while OPN was almost absent in fresh thrombi of CTEPH tissue material. PE patients with OPN plasma concentrations of < 55 ng/mL had a 15.2-fold (95% confidence interval, 1.7–135.5, p = 0.015) increased risk for a diagnosis of CTEPH during follow-up.

Conclusion The results of the present observational translational study point to a possible involvement of OPN in the pathogenesis of CTEPH by affecting early inflammatory and late fibrotic processes.
Subtherapeutic Anticoagulation Control under Treatment with Vitamin K-Antagonists—Data from a Specialized Coagulation Service
Authors: Prochaska Jürgen H. , Hausner Christoph , Nagler Markus , Göbel Sebastian , Eggebrecht Lisa , Panova-Noeva Marina , Arnold Natalie , Lauterbach Michael , Bickel Christoph , Michal Matthias , Hardt Roland , Espinola-Klein Christine , Lackner Karl J. , Münzel Thomas , Wild Philipp S.
Published: June 2019

In contrast to overanticoagulation, evidence on risk factors and outcome of subtherapeutic oral anticoagulation (OAC) with vitamin K-antagonists (VKAs) under optimum care is limited. We investigated the clinical phenotype, anticoagulation control, and clinical outcome of 760 VKA patients who received OAC therapy by a specialized coagulation service in the thrombEVAL study (NCT01809015). During 281,934 treatment days, 278 patients experience ≥ 1 episode of subtherapeutic anticoagulation control and had lower quality of OAC therapy compared to 482 patients without subtherapeutic international normalized ratio: 67.6%, interquartile range (IQR) 54.9%/76.8% versus 81.0%, IQR 68.5%/90.4%; p < 0.001. In Cox regression analysis with adjustment for age, sex, cardiovascular risk factors, comorbidities, and treatment characteristics, female sex (hazard ratio [HR], 1.4, 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.0/1.9; p = 0.03), diabetes (HR, 1.4, 95% CI, 1.0/2.0; p = 0.03), and living alone (HR, 1.5, 95% CI, 1.1/2.1; p = 0.009) were independent risk factors of subtherapeutic anticoagulation control, whereas atrial fibrillation (HR, 0.6, 95% CI, 0.4/0.9; p = 0.02) and self-management of OAC therapy (HR, 0.2, 95% CI, 0.1/0.6; p = 0.001) were protective. In addition, active smoking (HR, 1.7, 95% CI, 0.9/3.0; p = 0.086) and living in a nursing home (HR, 1.6, 95% CI, 0.8/3.2; p = 0.15) indicated an elevated risk at the borderline of statistical significance. For the prediction of recurrent subtherapeutic anticoagulation, living alone was the only independent risk factor (HR, 1.7, 95% CI, 1.1/2.5; p = 0.013). The present study suggests that women, diabetics, and patients living alone experience an increased risk of low-quality VKA therapy and might potentially benefit from treatment with direct-acting anticoagulants.
Contraceptive Care in the Veterans Health Administration
Authors: Yecies Emmanuelle B. , Judge-Golden Colleen P. , Callegari Lisa , Borrero Sonya
Published: June 2019

In recent years, the number of women Veterans obtaining care in the Veterans Affairs (VA) Healthcare System has grown, expanding the need for provision of contraceptive care. Women Veterans are a diverse group of women with complex sociodemographic and medical backgrounds, and meeting their needs presents a unique challenge for VA. Efforts including the establishment of comprehensive women's health clinics and training practitioners in women's health have greatly improved healthcare services for women Veterans over the last few decades. Recent data from a large cross-sectional survey study suggest that contraceptive use in VA is similar to the general population and that rates of unintended pregnancy, while still significant, are not higher than that in the general population. Subgroup analyses of this survey data, however, suggest that ongoing efforts are needed to improve outcomes in vulnerable subpopulations of women Veterans, particularly ethnic/racial minorities and Veterans with complex medical backgrounds. Policy changes such as the elimination of copayments for contraceptive prescriptions and the dispensing of more months of contraceptive supply are evidence-based starting points for improvements, in addition to leveraging VA's integrated system and research infrastructure to improve patient-centered counseling and contraceptive access.
Coordinating Care for Reproductive Health Malignancies in the Veterans' Health Administration: Promising Practices, Ongoing Challenges, and Future Research
Authors: Cordasco Kristina M. , Moreau Jessica L. , Chawla Neetu
Published: June 2019

In cancer care, communication and coordination across the cancer continuum is paramount for delivering effective, high-quality, patient-centered care. However, achieving optimally coordinated cancer care is inherently challenging, especially in the case of Veterans Administration (VA) care for women's reproductive health cancers. Given the relatively small number of women Veterans requiring care for reproductive malignancies, VA often must rely on community providers to deliver this care, necessitating coordination across two or more health care systems. Recently, VA has invested heavily in improving care for women Veterans through several initiatives and efforts. This article reviews VA's successes, challenges, and future opportunities in research and innovation in the context of care coordination across the cancer continuum (i.e., prevention and screening, diagnosis and treatment, survivorship care, palliative and supportive care) for women Veterans with reproductive health malignancies. We describe how coordination of VA care for reproductive health malignancies currently reflects a mix of successes that demonstrate use of strong evidenced-based practices and challenges, with solutions yet to be fully developed and implemented. We conclude that there are a multitude of opportunities for future research, interventions, and potential avenues for implementing innovative approaches to coordinate VA reproductive cancer care across the cancer continuum.
Potential envelope theory and the local energy theorem
Authors: Gibara Ryan , Hall Richard L.
Published: June 2019

We consider a one-particle bound quantum mechanical system governed by a Schrödinger operator H=−Δ+v f(r), where f(r) is an attractive central potential and v > 0 is a coupling parameter. If ϕ∈D(H) is a “trial function,” the local energy theorem tells us that the discrete energies of H are bounded by the extreme values of (H ϕ)/ϕ, as a function of r. We suppose that f(r) is a smooth transformation of the form f = g(h), where g is monotone increasing with definite convexity and h(r) is a potential for which the eigenvalues Hn(u) of the operator H=−Δ+u h(r), for appropriate u > 0, are known. It is shown that the eigenfunctions of H provide local-energy trial functions ϕ which necessarily lead to finite eigenvalue approximations that are either lower or upper bounds. This is used to extend the local energy theorem to the case of upper bounds for the excited-state energies when the trial function is chosen to be an eigenfunction of such an operator H. Moreover, we prove that the local-energy approximations obtained are identical to “envelope bounds,” which can be obtained directly from the spectral data Hn(u) without explicit reference to the trial wave functions.
A broadband seismic metamaterial plate with simple structure and easy realization
Authors: Zeng Yi , Xu Yang , Deng Keke , Peng Pai , Yang Hongwu , Muzamil Muhammad , Du Qiujiao
Published: June 2019

A novel seismic metamaterial plate consisting of two common building materials, which has the advantages of simple structure and easy to realize, is proposed. The seismic metamaterial plate creates a wide bandgap with a relative bandwidth of 1. Using numerical simulation, the bandgap properties of the metamaterial plate both in a free space and on a half space are studied and it is found that the wide bandgap of the free plate is kept even if in half space. Using scaled (1:30) experiments under 1 g conditions and simulations, we study the transmission spectrum under the surface waves incident on the seismic metamaterial plate and verify that it has a good attenuation effect in the corresponding frequency range. This work paves the way to the design of seismic metamaterials allowing an unparalleled control of surface wave propagation.
Micro-propulsion based on vacuum arcs
Authors: Kolbeck Jonathan , Anders André , Beilis Isak I. , Keidar Michael
Published: June 2019

Micropropulsion systems are rapidly gaining attention from the small satellite community as they can increase the mission lifetime and allow the satellite to perform complex maneuvers and precise attitude control. These systems need to be fully operational with the low power available on satellites. Various thruster concepts based on vacuum arcs are currently under development, predominantly in the pulsed regime due to the power constraints on small spacecraft. Pulsed vacuum arc thrusters are capable of efficiently producing highly-ionized supersonic plasma at very low average power. This Perspective article provides a critical analysis and a review of various aspects of electric propulsion technology based on vacuum arcs. Furthermore, we give a personal assessment of the present status and provide an outlook on the field, including the growing role in small satellites such as CubeSats. Vacuum arc micropropulsion systems could play an important role in mitigating the problem of space debris. Such a system could be integrated with a satellite so that, at the end of its mission and using metal components as solid fuel, it will lower the satellite’s orbit and accelerate reentrance into the atmosphere faster than by its natural decay rate.
Discharge regimes and emission characteristics of capacitively coupled radio frequency argon plasma with a square wave input
Authors: Shivkumar G. , Alrefae M. A. , Tholeti S. S. , Macheret S. O. , Fisher T. S. , Alexeenko A. A.
Published: June 2019

This work presents a computational and experimental investigation of capacitively coupled radio frequency argon plasma in a roll-to-roll chemical vapor deposition system for carbon nanostructure growth. The system operates at moderate pressures (less than 30 mbar) with an 80 kHz square wave voltage input. The computational model aids the understanding of plasma properties and α–γ transition parameters which strongly influence the nanostructure deposition characteristics in the system. A 1D plasma model is developed to characterize the effects of input voltage, gas pressure, frequency, and waveform on the plasma properties. A hybrid mode which displays the characteristics of both α and γ discharges is found to exist for the low cycle frequency 80 kHz square wave voltage input due to the high frequency harmonics associated with a square waveform. The modeled gas temperatures are 22.5% higher than the experimentally measured values due to the presence of molecular species in the experiments. Collision radiative modeling is performed to predict the argon emission intensity in the discharge gap. The results are found to lie within 16% of the optical emission spectroscopy measurements with better agreement at the center of the discharge, where the measurement uncertainty is low and the emission by ions is not significant.
Comparative study of the effects of SVC and TCSC on the small signal stability of a power system with renewables
Authors: Dey Prasenjit , Mitra Sourav , Bhattacharya Aniruddha , Das Priyanath
Published: June 2019

This study analyzed the effects of applications of flexible alternating current transmission system (FACTS) devices, such as a thyristor controlled series capacitor (TCSC) and static var compensator (SVC) to handle the oscillations due to wind penetration in an existing network, and to exploit the AC lines to their thermal limits. A small signal stability analysis of an interconnected power system with wind penetration in the presence of FACTS and a power system stabilizer (PSS) was studied under a diverse range of operating conditions. The coordinated tuning of SVC and PSS parameters as well as a TCSC in the presence of a wind energy conversion system was analyzed. The salp swarm algorithm, a recently developed meta-heuristic approach, was used for tuning TCSC, SVC, and PSS parameters. The supremacy of TCSC over SVC for improving system stability was demonstrated under a diverse range of operating conditions.
Top-down fabrication and transformation properties of vanadium dioxide nanostructures
Authors: Rastjoo S. , Wang X. , Ludwig A. , Kohl M.
Published: June 2019

The fabrication of nanostructures of vanadium dioxide (VO2)-based films with critical dimensions down to 100 nm and the characterization of their phase transformation properties are presented. Starting materials are VO2 and V0.99Mo0.01O2 films that are deposited by magnetron sputtering. For nanofabrication, two top-down processes are investigated, in which the substrate is nanomachined either before or after film deposition. Electrical resistance measurements on V0.99Mo0.01O2 bridge nanostructures exhibit a semiconductor–metal transition similar to reference films. A detailed analysis of phase transition temperatures does not reveal any significant width-dependence as it may be expected when approaching the grain size of 100 nm. The absolute electrical resistance in the semiconducting state scales inversely proportional to the width reflecting homogeneous material characteristics. Yet, the resistance change at the semiconductor–metal transition tends to increase for decreasing width indicating reduced carrier scattering as the absolute number of grain boundaries decreases.
Highly efficient electromagnetic emission during 100 keV electron beam relaxation in a thin magnetized plasma
Authors: Annenkov V. V. , Timofeev I. V. , Volchok E. P.
Published: June 2019

In this paper, electromagnetic emissions produced by a beam-plasma system are investigated using particle-in-cell simulations for the particular case when the typical transverse size of both the 100 keV electron beam and the produced plasma channel is comparable to the radiation wavelength. The interest in this regime of beam-plasma interaction is associated with highly efficient generation of electromagnetic waves near the plasma frequency harmonics that has been recently observed in laboratory experiments on the GOL-3 mirror trap. It has been found that the radiation power only from the vicinity of the doubled plasma frequency in these experiments can reach 1% of the total beam power. Subsequent theoretical and simulation studies have shown that the most likely candidate for explaining such efficient generation of electromagnetic radiation is the mechanism of a beam-driven plasma antenna based on the conversion of the most unstable plasma oscillations on a longitudinal density modulation of plasma ions. In this paper, we investigate how effectively this mechanism can work in a real experiment at the GOL-3 facility, when a thin subrelativistic electron beam gets a large angular spread due to compression by a magnetic field, and the gas into which it is injected has macroscopic density gradients.
Evaluation of emission contributions from charge-exchange between the excited states of deuterium with He+ during diagnostic of thermal helium gas beam injection and laser-induced fluorescence
Authors: Muñoz Burgos J. M. , Griener M. , Loreau J. , Gorbunov A. , Lunt T. , Schmitz O. , Wolfrum E.
Published: June 2019

Emission contributions from charge-exchange of excited deuterium (n = 2, 3) with He+ are evaluated in a 1-D kinetic collisional radiative model in order to analyze their effects on the Thermal Helium Beam (THB) line-ratio diagnostic on ASDEX Upgrade and Laser Induced Fluorescence (LIF) He I density measurements in ITER. Recent charge-exchange calculations show that cross sections from excited deuterium (n = 2, 3) with He+ are over 4-orders of magnitude higher than those from the ground state (n = 1) and occur at very low energies where they are more likely to interact with the thermal He+ ions introduced by ionization of the diagnostic helium gas-puff injection. Higher densities of excited deuterium are typically present in the Scrape-Off Layer (SOL), divertor, and edge regions of tokamaks, where the LIF and THB helium diagnostics are typically used for nHeI and simultaneous determination of electron temperatures and densities and where contributions from charge-exchange emission may offset these values if not taken into account. The analysis presented in this work shows that due to the higher density of deuterium in the ground rather than in excited states and the divergent behavior of deuterium and He+ density profiles along the SOL and edge regions, the deuterium-He+ charge-exchange contributions to the helium puff emission are 3-orders of magnitude lower than those from electron-impact excitation. Similar plasma conditions are expected in the ITER divertor, with the exception that in the area near the strike-points and targets, the electron temperature is not high enough to excite from the ground state but deuterium, electron, and He+ densities are high enough to dominate the emission from charge-exchange and recombination. These findings strengthen the assumption made in the present line-ratio model that helium emission from gas-puff into plasma is mainly dominated by electron-excitation. It is also shown that, in general, charge-exchange helium emission is 2-orders of magnitude higher than the emission due to recombination. These findings suggest the importance of including charge-exchange processes as a source of neutrals in ionic fractional abundance calculations in plasmas and helium-ash transport modeling in fusion reactors.
Experimental investigation of the predicted band structure modification of Mg2X (X: Si, Sn) thermoelectric materials due to scandium addition
Authors: Sankhla Aryan , Yasseri Mohammad , Kamila Hasbuna , Mueller Eckhard , de Boor Johannes
Published: June 2019

Modification of the electronic band structure via doping is an effective way to improve the thermoelectric properties of a material. Theoretical calculations from a previous study have predicted that Sc substitution on the Mg site in Mg2X materials drastically increase their Seebeck coefficient. Herein, we experimentally studied the influence of scandium substitution on the thermoelectric properties of Mg2Si0.4Sn0.6 and Mg2Sn. We found that the thermoelectric properties of these materials are unaffected by Sc addition, and we did not find hints for a modification of the electronic band structure. The SEM-energy dispersive X-ray analysis revealed that the scandium does not substitute Mg but forms a secondary phase (Sc-Si) in Mg2Si0.4Sn0.6 and remains inert in Mg2Sn, respectively. Thus, this study proves that scandium is an ineffective dopant for Mg2X materials.
Electric-field-induced two-dimensional hole gas in undoped GaSb quantum wells
Authors: Shibata K. , Karalic M. , Mittag C. , Tschirky T. , Reichl C. , Ito H. , Hashimoto K. , Tomimatsu T. , Hirayama Y. , Wegscheider W. , Ihn T. , Ensslin K.
Published: June 2019

We have measured hole transport in electrically induced two-dimensional hole gases in undoped GaSb/AlSb quantum wells. In order to access the electrically induced two-dimensional hole gas in GaSb quantum wells, recessed ohmic contacts were formed and the low-temperature magnetoresistance was measured for a gate-defined Hall bar geometry. The mobility of the sample increases with increasing hole density and reaches 20 000 cm2/V s at a hole density of 5.3 × 1011 cm−2 for an 8-nm-thick GaSb quantum well. The longitudinal and Hall resistivities show Shubnikov–de Haas oscillations and integer quantum Hall plateaus, respectively. These results establish a platform for realizing spin-based electronics using the strong spin–orbit interaction of this material and are also useful for understanding the transport properties of the two-dimensional topological insulator realized in InAs/GaSb double quantum well structures.