bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Archival Afterlives of Philippine Cinema
Authors: Lim Bliss Cua
Published: January 2024

Drawing on cultural policy, queer and feminist theory, materialist media studies, and postcolonial historiography, Bliss Cua Lim analyzes the crisis-ridden history of Philippine film archiving—a history of lost films, limited access, and collapsed archives. Rather than denigrate underfunded Philippine audiovisual archives in contrast to institutions in the global North, The Archival Afterlives of Philippine Cinema shows how archival practices of making do can inspire alternative theoretical and historical approaches to cinema. Lim examines formal state and corporate archives, analyzing restorations of the last nitrate film and a star-studded lesbian classic as well as archiving under the Marcos dictatorship. She also foregrounds informal archival efforts: a cinephilic video store specializing in vintage Tagalog classics; a microcuratorial initiative for experimental films; and guerilla screenings for rural Visayan audiences. Throughout, Lim centers the improvisational creativity of audiovisual archivists, collectors, advocates, and amateurs who embrace imperfect access in the face of inhospitable conditions.
Does Aerobic Exercise Increase Skeletal Muscle Mass in Female and Male Adults?
Authors: ROSS ROBERT , JOHN EMILY , MCGLORY CHRIS , DAVIDSON LANCE E. , STOTZ PAULA J.
Published: January 2024

Introduction

It is uncertain whether aerobic exercise in the form of walking contributes to the preservation or increase in total or regional skeletal muscle mass (SMM).

Purpose

This study aimed to determine the effects of aerobic exercise on total and regional (upper body verses leg SMM) in male (n = 105) and female (n = 133) adults with overweight and obesity.

Methods

A retrospective analysis of data from four randomized controlled trials. Participants included those who completed the given trial (control, n = 63; intervention, n = 175) and with complete magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) measured adipose tissue and SMM pre- and postintervention. Macronutrient intake was assessed for a subsample of participants. Supervised exercise was performed by walking on a treadmill for durations ranging from 12 to 24 wk at intensities between 50% and 75% of V̇O2peak.

Results

All MRI-measured adipose tissue depots were reduced, and cardiorespiratory fitness was increased by aerobic exercise compared with controls (P < 0.001). Independent of baseline SMM, aerobic exercise was associated with a small reduction (estimated mean difference ± standard error) in whole-body SMM (−0.310 ± 0.150 kg, P = 0.039) and upper body SMM (−0.273 ± 0.121 kg, P = 0.025) compared with control. No between-group difference was observed for change in leg SMM (P > 0.10). A negative association was observed between the relative change in body weight and change in total (R
2 = 0.37, P < 0.001), upper body (R
2 = 0.21, P < 0.001), and leg SMM (R
2 = 0.09, P = 0.701). The SMM-to-adipose tissue ratio increased in response to aerobic exercise and was positively associated with weight loss (P < 0.001). Change in SMM was not associated with dietary protein intake (P > 0.10).

Conclusions

Aerobic exercise performed while walking preserves, but does not increase, SMM in exercising muscle of adults. SMM not directly targeted by aerobic exercise may not be maintained.
More Variability in Tibialis Anterior Function during the Adduction of the Foot than Dorsiflexion of the Ankle
Authors: AMIRIDIS IOANNIS G. , KANNAS THEODOROS , SAHINIS CHRYSOSTOMOS , NEGRO FRANCESCO , TRYPIDAKIS GEORGIOS , KELLIS ELEFTHERIOS , ENOKA ROGER M.
Published: January 2024

Introduction

The aim of the study was to compare maximal force, force steadiness, and the discharge characteristics of motor units in the tibialis anterior (TA) muscle during submaximal isometric contractions for ankle dorsiflexion and adduction of the foot.

Methods

Nineteen active young adults performed maximal and submaximal isometric dorsiflexion and adduction contractions at five target forces (5%, 10%, 20%, 40%, and 60% maximal voluntary contraction [MVC]). The activity of motor units in TA was recorded by high-density EMG.

Results

The maximal force was similar between dorsiflexion and adduction, despite EMG amplitude for TA being greater (P < 0.05) during dorsiflexion than adduction. Τhe coefficient of variation (CV) for force (force steadiness) during dorsiflexion was always less (P < 0.05) than during adduction, except of 5% MVC force. No differences were observed for mean discharge rate; however, the regression between the changes in discharge rate relative to the change of force was significant for dorsiflexion (R
2 = 0.25, P < 0.05) but not for adduction. Discharge variability, however, was usually less during dorsiflexion. The CV for interspike interval was less (P < 0.05) at 10%, 20%, and 40% MVC but greater at 60% MVC during dorsiflexion than adduction. Similarly, the SD values of the filtered cumulative spike train of the motor units in TA were less (P < 0.05) at 5%, 10%, 20%, and 40% MVC during dorsiflexion than adduction.

Conclusions

Although the mean discharge rate of motor units in TA was similar during foot adduction and ankle dorsiflexion, discharge variability was less during dorsiflexion resulting in less accurate performance of the steady adduction contractions. The neural drive to bifunctional muscles differs during their accessory function, which must be considered for training and rehabilitation interventions.
Lack of Proprioceptive Strategy Modulation Leads to At-Risk Biomechanics for Anterior Cruciate Ligament in Healthy Athletes
Authors: PICOT BRICE , LEMPEREUR MATHIEU , MOREL BAPTISTE , FORESTIER NICOLAS , RÉMY-NÉRIS OLIVIER
Published: January 2024

Introduction

Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injuries are frequent in handball, and altered sensory integration may contribute to increased injury risk. Recent evidence showed that proprioceptive postural control strategies differ among athletes. The aim of this study was to evaluate the relationship between proprioceptive strategy and biomechanics during side-cutting maneuvers.

Methods

A total of 47 handball players performed anticipated and unanticipated cutting tasks. Their postural proprioceptive strategy was then characterized according to the perturbation of the center of pressure displacement generated by the muscle vibration on a firm and foam surface. Individuals able to reweight proprioception from ankle to lumbar signals according to the stability of the support were defined as flexible. Conversely, athletes maintaining an ankle-steered strategy on foam surface were characterized as rigid. Statistical parametric mapping analysis was used to compare pelvic and lower limb side-cutting kinematics, kinetics, and EMG activity from seven muscles 200 ms before and after initial contact (IC) using a two-way ANOVA (group–condition).

Results

Twenty athletes (11 females and 9 males, 18.5 yr) were characterized as flexible and 20 athletes (12 females and 8 males, 18.9 yr) as rigid. No interaction between condition and proprioceptive profile was observed. More ipsilateral pelvic tilt before IC and lower vastus lateralis (VL) activity immediately after IC was observed during CUTant. When comparing proprioceptive strategy, rigid individuals exhibited less preactivity of the semitendinosus (P < 0.001) and higher VL activity (P = 0.032). Conversely, rigid showed higher gluteus medius preactivity (P < 0.05) and higher VL activity 100 ms after IC (P < 0.001). Ankle was also more internally rotated before and during the stance phase (P < 0.05) among rigid athletes.

Conclusions

Rigid handball players exhibited at-risk determinants for anterior cruciate ligament injuries during side-cutting maneuvers.
Exercise Training Independent of Intensity Lowers Plasma Bile Acids in Prediabetes
Authors: MALIN STEVEN K. , SYEDA U.S. AFSHEEN
Published: January 2024

Introduction

People with obesity have high circulating bile acids (BA). Although aerobic fitness favors low circulating BA, the effect of training intensity before clinically meaningful weight loss on BA is unclear. This study aimed to test the hypothesis that 2 wk of interval (INT) versus continuous (CONT) exercise would lower plasma BA in relation to insulin sensitivity.

Methods

Twenty-three older adults with prediabetes (ADA criteria) were randomized to 12 work-matched bouts of INT (n = 11, 60.3 ± 2.4 yr, 32.1 ± 1.2 kg·m−2) at 3 min at 50% HRpeak and 3 min at 90% HRpeak or CONT (n = 12, 60.8 ± 2.4 yr, 34.0 ± 1.7 kg·m−2) at 70% HRpeak cycling training for 60 min·d−1 over 2 wk. A 180-min 75-g oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) was performed to assess glucose tolerance (tAUC), insulin sensitivity (Siis), and metabolic flexibility (RERpostprandial–RERfast; indirect calorimetry). BA (n = 8 conjugated and 7 unconjugated) were analyzed at 0, 30, and 60 min of the OGTT. Anthropometrics and fitness (V̇O2peak) were also assessed.

Results

INT and CONT comparably reduced body mass index (BMI; P < 0.001) and fasting RER (P < 0.001) but raised insulin sensitivity (P = 0.03). INT increased V̇O2peak as compared with CONT (P = 0.01). Exercise decreased the unconjugated BA chenodeoxycholic acid iAUC60min (P < 0.001), deoxycholic acid iAUC60min (P < 0.001), lithocholic acid iAUC60min (P < 0.001), and glycodeoxycholic acid (GCDCA) iAUC60min (P < 0.001). Comparable reductions were also seen in the conjugated BA hyodeoxycholic acid iAUC60min (P = 0.01) and taurolithocholic acid iAUC60min (P = 0.007). Increased V̇O2peak was associated with lowered UDCA0min (r = −0.56, P = 0.02) and cholic acid iAUC60min (r = −0.60, P = 0.005), whereas reduced BMI was related to higher GDCA0min (r = 0.60, P = 0.005) and GCDCA0min (r = 0.53, P = 0.01). Improved insulin sensitivity correlated with lower GCDCA iAUC60min (r = −0.45, P = 0.03) and GDCA iAUC60min (r = −0.48, P = 0.02), whereas increased metabolic flexibility was related to deoxycholic acid iAUC60min (r = 0.64, P = 0.004) and GCDCA iAUC60min (r = 0.43, P = 0.05).

Conclusions

Short-term training lowers some BA in relation to insulin sensitivity independent of intensity.
Assessment of motor function in patients with multiple sclerosis treated with Fampridine using motor-evoked potentials
Authors: Trofin Dan , Onu Ilie , Corciova Calin , Onita Cristiana , Trofin Daniela Marilena , Ignat Bogdan , Xhardo Kristo , Musat Carmina Liana , Cristuta Mihaela-Alina , Ciobica Andrei , Iordan Daniel-Andrei
Published: January 2024

) Background: the purpose of the study is to consider the utility of Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (TMS) in patients with Multiple Sclerosis (MS) and walking impairment, treated with Fampridine, as correlated with the 25-Foot-Walk test (T25-FW). Clinical benefits are usually seen within 2-4 weeks of starting treatment, and if not, discontinuation is required. (2) Methods: fifteen MS patients with gait impairments, classified between 3-5 and 7 on the EDSS (Expanded Disability Status Scale), were enrolled in the study and investigated by T25-FW and TMS. Assessments were performed before Fampridine 10 mg twice daily, at 5 and 12 days thereafter, and at 1 and 3 months later. The mean age was 42.8 years and the mean disease duration was 12.06 years. (3) Results: The evaluated patients recorded a 2.1-second improvement in gait measured on T25-FW after the first 12 days in 9 patients, which correlated with a 2-millisecond improvement in central motor conduction time (CMCT). In the other 6 patients, there was no visible clinical improvement. The CMCT, decreased by 0.5 ms and motor conduction velocity by 1 millisecond in 4 of these 6 patients. Fampridine administration was continued in the 4 cases. At the end of the 3-month period, their walking speed measured as on the T25-FW also improved by 2 sec. (4) Conclusions: the amelioration of TMS parameters anticipated the improvement of speed on the T25-FW. In spite of the early false negative clinical response, electrophysiological findings could predict a future clinical improvement if treatment is continued.
Findings regarding the relationship between parenting styles and sociodemographic parameters in families having children with cerebral palsy
Authors: Apostol Oana Alina , Morcov Maria Veronica , Sporea Corina , Morcov Mirela , Morcov Cristian Gabriel , Cioca Ioana Elena
Published: January 2024

The ability of parents to provide the correct conditions for healthy development, support, and prepare children for maturity determines a child's physical, cognitive, emotional, and social growth. According to the literature, numerous factors influence parenting styles. This study aimed to investigate, using sociodemographic parameters, whether the parenting styles of fathers and mothers in families with disabled children differ from one another. The research was conducted at the "Dr. N. Robănescu" National Center of Neurorehabilitation for Children. It included 71 parents of children with cerebral palsy questioned using the Parenting Styles Questionnaire (PSQ), a Romanian-adapted version. Of the five examined parenting styles, the authoritative approach was the most prevalent. The results show a statistically significant difference in the means of uninvolved parenting styles between urban mothers and fathers, a statistically significant difference in the means of authoritarian, authoritative, and uninvolved parenting styles between married mothers and fathers, a statistically significant difference in authoritative parenting style between different education levels; there, was no significant difference in parenting style between different income levels; and a considerable difference in permissive parenting between various employment statuses. This research suggests that some sociodemographic parameters had impact on the parenting styles of our study group.
Ανάπτυξη μοντέλου για την τεκμηρίωση των ποιοτικών κοινωνικών ερευνών
Authors: Παπαριστείδη Μαρία
Published: January 2024

Η παρούσα διδακτορική διατριβή επιχειρεί να συμβάλλει στην προσπάθεια ανάπτυξης ψηφιακών ερευνητικών υποδομών για τις κοινωνικές επιστήμες. Σκοπός της είναι η τυποποίηση της τεκμηρίωσης μιας εμπειρικής έρευνας και ο σχεδιασμός ενός γενικού μοντέλου τεκμηρίωσης εμπειρικών ερευνών, κατάλληλου να τεκμηριώνει πλήρως τις ποιοτικές έρευνες. Για την επίτευξη αυτού του σκοπού, πραγματοποιήθηκε η διεξαγωγή δύο εμπειρικών ποιοτικών ερευνών. Στόχος της πρώτης έρευνας ήταν η περιγραφή των βασικών στοιχείων μιας εμπειρικής έρευνας με κοινό και ενιαίο τρόπο, σύμφωνα με την μεθοδολογία διεξαγωγής εμπειρικών ερευνών, όπως εντοπίζεται στα εγχειρίδια μεθοδολογίας. Στόχος της δεύτερης έρευνας ήταν η διερεύνηση των πρακτικών τεκμηρίωσης των κοινωνικών ερευνητών μέσα από τα δημοσιευμένα επιστημονικά άρθρα τους. Από την σύγκριση των αποτελεσμάτων των δύο ερευνών, σε συνδυασμό με την βιβλιογραφική επισκόπηση, και τη μελέτη διαφόρων μοντέλων και προτύπων τεκμηρίωσης που ήδη αξιοποιούνται στον χώρο των κοινωνικών επιστημών (όπως το DDI), προέκυψε ένα γενικό μοντέλο τεκμηρίωσης εμπειρικών ερευνών, το οποίο υποστηρίζει περαιτέρω την τεκμηρίωση των επιμέρους στοιχείων μιας εμπειρικής έρευνας (εμπειρικά τεκμήρια, εργαλεία, αποτελέσματα και διάφορα άλλα συμπληρωματικά έγγραφα) και το οποίο εξειδικεύεται καταλλήλως ανάλογα με το είδος της έρευνας (ποιοτική ή ποσοτική). Το προτεινόμενο μοντέλο έχει την δομή υπερ-κειμένου, του οποίου τα βασικά συστατικά είναι μεταδεδομένα και ψηφιακά τεκμήρια. Η αξιοποίησή του από ένα ψηφιακό σύστημα τεκμηρίωσης θα επιτρέπει διάφορες λειτουργίες, όπως π.χ.:•Πλήρης τεκμηρίωση μιας έρευνας και των επιμέρους στοιχείων της (ερευνητική έκθεση, μεθοδολογία, ερευνητικές διαδικασίες, εργαλεία καταγραφής, εργαλεία εννοιολόγησης, εμπειρικά τεκμήρια, αποτελέσματα και διάφορα άλλα συμπληρωματικά έγγραφα).•Αρχειοθέτηση μεταδεδομένων και τεκμηρίων.•Αναζήτηση παρόμοιων ερευνών και των επιμέρους στοιχείων τους με ποικίλα κριτήρια (πρωτότυπο στοιχείο της διατριβής).•Πλοήγηση μέσω υπερ-συνδέσμων στα επιμέρους στοιχεία μιας έρευνας.
Differential gene expression during recall of behaviorally conditioned immune enhancement in rats: a pilot study
Authors: Rueckels Markus , Picard-Mareau Marcus
Published: January 2024

Background: Behaviorally conditioned immune functions are suggested to be regulated by bidirectional interactions between CNS and peripheral immune system via the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis, sympathetic nervous system (SNS), and the parasympathetic nervous system (PNS). Since the current knowledge about biochemical pathways triggering conditioned immune enhancement is limited, the aim of this pilot study was gaining more insights into that. Methods: Rats were conditioned with camphor smell and poly I:C injection, mimicking a viral infection. Following stimulus re-exposure, animals were sacrificed at different time points, and neural tissues along the HPA axis was analyzed with a rat genome array together with plasma protein using Luminex analysis. Results: In the hypothalamus, we observed a strong upregulation of genes related to Wnt/β-catenin signaling (Otx2, Spp1, Fzd6, Zic1), monoaminergic transporter Slc18a2 and opioid-inhibitory G-protein Gpr88 as well as downregulation of dopaminergic receptors, vasoactive intestinal peptide Vip, and pro-melanin-concentrating hormone Pmch. In the pituitary, we recognized mostly upregulation of steroid synthesis in combination with GABAergic, cholinergic and opioid related neurotransmission, in adrenal glands, altered genes showed a pattern of activated metabolism plus upregulation of adrenoceptors Adrb3 and Adra1a. Data obtained from spleen showed a strong upregulation of immunomodulatory genes, chemo-/cytokines and glutamatergic/cholinergic neurotransmission related genes, as also confirmed by increased chemokine and ACTH levels in plasma. Conclusions: Our data indicate that in addition to the classic HPA axis, there could be additional pathways as e.g. the cholinergic anti-inflammatory pathway (CAIP), connecting brain and immune system, modulating and finetuning communication between brain and immune system.
Pregnant women's adherence to COVID-19 prevention practice and associated factors in Jinka Town, South Omo Zone, Southern Ethiopia, a community based cross-sectional study
Authors: Mesele Molalegn , Asmare Getachew , Ambaw Gizachew , Asmamaw Misganaw , Abdu Mohammed , Chekol Endeshaw , Tenaw Denekew , Fenta Sefineh , Asmamaw Tadesse , Aderajew Melkamu , Mengist Anteneh , Solomon Yenealem , Bantie Berihun , Alebachew Wubet , Amare Natnael , Sisay Ermias , Moges Natnael , Atnafu Natnael
Published: January 2024

Background Pregnancy-related coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) transmission and infection rates have continued to be a top public health concern. Pregnant mothers also have a higher risk of developing serious illness, needing to be admitted to an intensive care unit, and needing mechanical ventilation. More than six million people died as a result of COVID-19 worldwide. The aim of this study was to assess the level of adherence to COVID-19 preventive practice among pregnant mothers in Jinka Town. Methods In Jinka, South Omo Zone, between January 1 and January 30, 2023, a cross-sectional study was conducted. Using a simple random sampling technique, 412 pregnant women were selected. Data were collected using a face-to-face interviewer-administered, pre-tested questionnaire. The data were entered using Epi-data version 3.1, and after being exported, were analyzed using SPSS version 25. Bivariate and multivariable logistic regression analysis was carried out to identify relevant components. An adjusted odds ratio and a 95% confidence interval were used to report the relationship between the covariates and the outcome variable. Results The percentage of participants who adhered to COVID-19 prevention measures was only 11.4% (95% CI: 8.5, 14.8). Mothers with at least a bachelor’s degree 3.71 (AOR=3.71, 95% CI=1.28, 10.73), a residency of 4.40 (AOR=4.40, 95% CI=1.96, 9.87), and a history of chronic illness of 4.30 (AOR=4.30, 95% CI=1.69, 10.93) were significantly associated with good adherence to COVID-19 prevention practices. Conclusions Only a very small percentage of pregnant women, according to this poll, adhere to COVID-19 preventative practices. In order to raise pregnant women’s awareness of COVID-19 preventive practices, it is crucial to use a variety of media for health education. Further, it is preferable to focus on urban living and give special attention to women without a formal education.
A tutorial hub for realising the potential of tools within the SPARC ecosystem
Authors: Shahidi Niloofar , Athavale Omkar , Munarko Yuda , Roesler Mathias , Tran Kenneth
Published: January 2024

The Stimulating Peripheral Activity to Relieve Conditions (SPARC) data portal is a platform that allows users to access large sets of curated data and tools. Data on the portal is sourced from researchers working in a range of disciplines applied to peripheral nerve activity, including imaging, computational biology, electrophysiology and clinical research. However, many existing tutorials and examples for SPARC do not document examples of interfaces between tools within the SPARC ecosystem. Thus, we see an opportunity to lower the barrier for entry into the SPARC ecosystem, by creating accessible guides to create workflows using multiple SPARC tools. To do this, we have developed an online hub for hosting tutorials that can guide new users through the entire workflow of acquiring data, processing it, and visualizing it, using common, open-source scientific computing tools and crucially, spanning the repertoire of currently available SPARC tools. Our approach encapsulates the workflow within a Jupyter Notebook, which is designed to be readily accessible to new users of SPARC. Having a hub of tutorials that can be easily understood will not only accelerate the growth of the SPARC community but also increase the uptake and usage of tools by members of the community.
Case Report: Congenital diaphragmatic hernia in one twin followed by ex-utero intrapartum treatment (EXIT) procedure: Pearls & pitfalls
Authors: Pribadi Adhi , Santoso Dhanny Primantara Johari , Kharismawati Nuniek , Zahra Fatima , ZB Cut Razianti , Nugrahani Annisa Dewi
Published: January 2024

Cases of congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH) in one twin have been reported rarely. This study aimed to report a rare case while also analyzing the pearls and pitfalls in diagnosing and managing this case. A 32-year-old multiparous woman referred to a tertiary hospital with multiple pregnancies and suspected CDH on the 1st baby. The patient underwent further investigation and the first fetus had a severe CDH on the left side. The second fetus was in a transverse lie and no other abnormalities were found. The babies were delivered through caesarean section and the first baby underwent the ex-utero intrapartum treatment (EXIT) procedure without prior antepartum fetal therapy. A large defect measuring 7.5 x 6 centimeters on the left side (Bochdalek type) was found in the first baby during surgery to make repairs. The baby died the next day due to some complications from the previous repair. As a pearl of this case, prenatal diagnosis and multidisciplinary approach hold pivotal roles. In prenatal imaging, CDH is distinguished by the visualization of thorax filled with abdominal contents and the mediastinal shifting from the defect to the contralateral side. EXIT procedures could be performed after the baby with CDH is delivered and the infant will still require post-natal surgical repair and its success rate depends on many factors. In conclusion, proper prenatal diagnosis with ultrasound evaluation from the second trimester, close and regular maternal-fetal monitoring, prenatal intervention, intrapartum ultrasound guidance, and post-natal procedures are all critical.
MotionRender: A simple Python implementation of video motion visualization for 3D motion capture data
Authors: Harter Derek , Lu Shulan
Published: January 2024

We describe a Python library project for generating animations of simple 3D motion capture data points. The motion capture method is agnostic with respect to this visualizaiton tool, expecting a time series of time stamped coordinates captured in a 3-dimensional space. One of the advantages of this tool is the simple data format design. This tool was developed originally for a Kinect system implementing skeleton tracking of 15 joint positions, where each data point consists of an accurate time of capture (time stamp), and 3 accurate coordinate (x, y, z) positions of each of the 15 joints at each time step. In addition to the motion capture time series, all that is needed is a joint graph file describing the relationship of the joint edges to one another. This library can be extended to visualize and create animations of motion capture data that can be reformulated using this basic structure of a time series of time stamped 3D coordinates and a joint graph description file. This library should be useful as is, or with easy modification, for many such visualization requirements

of similar motion capture data.
Evaluate the awareness regarding the patient’s rights and responsibilities among the patient visiting hospitals
Authors: Diwan Toshi , Kanyal Deepika
Published: January 2024

The patient's privileges are a set of moral principles that direct how patients and medical staff interact with one another. Each patient has a right to evidence of their legal obligations and the healthcare provider's duties. Respecting patient rights is an essential aspect of healthcare practices. The truth is that those who are ill are among society's most helpless members. The medical profession consequently views improvements to patient rights as being of the highest significance. A patient's rights are the set of moral principles that guide their engagement with medical personnel. Every single patient has an authorized right to knowledge about those rights as well as the duties of the healthcare practitioner.

Aim: To assess the awareness regarding the patient rights and responsibilities among the patients in the tertiary care hospital. The objective is to assess the patient's and family's knowledge about the patient's rights and to study how patients' rights and ethics impact hospital employees.

Materials and methods: A questionnaire-based cross-sectional study will be carried out among 349 patients visiting the tertiary care hospital.

Expected Result: The expected result of the study will be to uncover a baseline level of awareness among patients and their families regarding patients' rights when visiting hospitals. Through comprehensive assessments and surveys, will be determined that a considerable portion of patients may have limited knowledge about their rights in the healthcare setting.  Also, it is expected that healthcare providers will become more attuned to the importance of upholding patients' rights. This alignment with patients' rights and ethical principles is anticipated to positively influence the overall organizational culture within hospitals, fostering an environment of respect, empathy, and patient empowerment.
Evaluation of role of Tigecycline among clinically significant multidrug resistant pathogens from a tertiary care hospital
Authors: Remash Annapoorna , Rao Pooja , Shenoy Suchitra , Baliga Shrikala , Kassim Shafir
Published: January 2024

Background Tigecycline, a glycylcycline antibiotic is a promising option for the treatment of single or multidrug resistant pathogens. The aim of the study was to evaluate the in-vitro Tigecycline susceptibility of various pathogens from clinical samples received at the tertiary care hospitals in South India. Methods The analysis of specimens from patients admitted were carried out in this prospective cross sectional study. The identification and antimicrobial susceptibility testing was performed by semi-automated Vitek 2 systems and Kirby Bauer method. Pattern of data analysis was done by descriptive statistics. Results Among 2574 isolates, 812 isolates were gram positive pathogens and 1762 isolates were gram negative pathogens. Resistance to Tigecycline was more common among gram negative pathogens (18.62%) in comparison to the gram positive pathogens (0.49%). Among 740 Extended Spectrum Beta Lactamases (ESBL) producers such as Klebsiella species & E coli, 629 isolates were susceptible, and 93 isolates were resistant to the tigecycline. All the methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) isolates were susceptible to tigecycline. Conclusion Multidrug resistant (MDR) pathogens like Acinetobacter species, and Klebsiella species were found to be highly effective in vitro to tigecycline for elimination of infections caused by both gram positive and gram negative pathogens. The use of combination therapy becomes crucial to prevent the development of Pan Drug resistance.
The interest of inflammatory biomarkers in the diagnostic approach in an internal medicine department: A cross-sectional study
Authors: Anoun Jihed , Romdhane Wiem , Ben Hassine Imen , Baya Wafa , Benabdelaziz Asma , Omezzine Asma , Mzabi Anis , Ben Fredj Fatma , Bouslama Ali
Published: January 2024

Background The role of inflammatory biomarkers in etiological orientation is increasingly under study, and their potential significance is recognized. Given the diversity of diseases managed in internal medicine and the delayed results of microbiological tests, clinicians often face challenges in the diagnostic approach. This study aimed to describe the biomarkers’ role in distinguishing between infectious and noninfectious diseases and define their thresholds for infections. Methods Procalcitonin (PCT), neutrophil-to-lymphocyte-ratio (NLR), C-reactive-protein (CRP), fibrinogen, ferritinemia and lactate were measured on admission in all patients admitted to the Internal Medicine Department of Sahloul Hospital, over a 7-month period. The optimal cut-off values for the sensitivities and specificities to the infectious diseases were determined using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis and Youden’s index. The diagnostic accuracy of biomarkers for predicting infectious etiologies was calculated by area under the curve (AUC). Results Overall, 164 patients were included of whom 32.3% had infectious diseases. The high mean levels of leukocytes (12,047 cells/mm3), NLR (9.7), CRP (152.5 mg/L), PCT (3.28 ng/ml) and fibrinogen (5.37g/L) were significantly linked to infectious etiologies. We identified cut-offs of NLR (6.1), CRP (123mg/L), PCT (0.24ng/mL) and fibrinogen (4.9g/L) to discriminate infectious etiologies in our population. For diagnosing infectious diseases, the CRP showed higher AUC (Sp:89.7%, Se:64.3%, AUC=0.9, 95% CI: 0.83, 0.96; p<10-3) than PCT (Sp:86.1%, Se:62.3%, AUC=0,87, 95% CI: 0.80, 0.93; p<10-3), NLR (Sp:87.1%, Se:61%, AUC=0.81, 95% CI: 0.731, 0.902; p<10-3) and fibrinogen (Sp:84.7%, Se:68.3%, AUC=0.77, 95% CI: 0.65, 0.98; p<10-3). The combination of CRP and NLR levels improved the diagnostic accuracy (AUC=0.93, 95% CI: 0.84, 0.96; p<10-3) for distinguishing between infectious and non-infectious diseases. Conclusions Our study showed the usefulness of inflammatory biomarkers, particularly the NLR and its combination with CRP, which are low cost and easy to assess, in promoting the diagnostic accuracy to distinguish infections among other diagnoses.
Case Report: Management of Dadru Kushtha (Tinea Corporis) by Shamana Chikits
Authors: Panda Manisha , Deshmukh Sourabh , Thakre Trupti
Published: January 2024

Background Skin disorders are often seen as a result of a change in lifestyle, a lack of physical activity, and inadequate nutrition. Hygiene, emotional stress, and poor eating habits are also factors to consider. Kushta is the term used in Ayurveda to describe all skin disorders which is classified as Mahakushtha (major skin disorders) and Kshudrakushtha (minor skin disorders). Dadrukushta is a type of kshudrakushta that is commonly seen in clinical practice. In Ayurveda, the signs of dadrukushta are same as those of Tinea corporis, which is explained in modern science. Tinea corporis has a wide range of clinical symptoms that are mostly dependent on the infective organisms. By treating the condition with Ayurveda’s treatment therapy produces long term Outcomes. Aim & Objectives Aim of this contemporary study was to assess how Ayurvedic modality shamana chikitsa works on Dadrukushta. Case A 27 year old male patient approached to Kayachikitsa OPD with complaints of blackish lesions with raised borders and itching over the chest and back (upper) region for 15 days having disturbed sleep which undergone treatment of shamanachikitsa (palliative care). Dadrukushta (Tinea corporis) can be dealt with shamana karma (palliative care) using internally Gandhakrasayan (Moringa ovalifolia prepared from sulphur), Panchtiktaghrita (Pancha means five, Tikta means bitter in taste. Tikta Rasapradhan Dravyas are collectively called as Panchatikta Dravyas. The five Dravyas are Azadirachta indica (Neem), Trichosanthes dioica (Patola), Solanum xanthocarpum (Kantakari), Tinofpora cordifolia (Guduchi) and Adhatoda vasica (Adulsa), fungiwin cream, Karanjataila (Pongamia pinnata oil tree), S-kin powder for local application for 45 days. Results The Gradation Score was 8 before treatment, after 45 days it was 0. The patient in this case study experienced relief in the symptoms. Conclusions The patient obtained better results by Shamanachikitsa.
Exploring The Legal Landscape of Islamic Fintech in Indonesia: A Comprehensive Analysis of Policies and Regulations
Authors: Fidhayanti Dwi , Mohd Noh Mohd Shahid , Ramadhita Ramadhita , Bachri Syabbul
Published: January 2024

The rapid growth of Islamic fintech in Indonesia necessitates a comprehensive examination of the policy and regulatory framework from a legal perspective. This study explores the legal landscape of Islamic fintech in Indonesia, analyzing the current policies and regulations governing this emerging sector. Using normative legal research with a statutory approach and conceptual approach. The primary and secondary legal materials, including government reports and scholarly articles, this research evaluates recent policy developments and regulatory initiatives supporting Islamic fintech. It identifies gaps and areas for improvement, drawing from best practices and regulatory approaches adopted by other countries with successful Islamic fintech ecosystems. Based on the findings, this research proposes recommendations to enhance the policy and regulatory framework. These include collaboration between regulatory bodies and industry stakeholders, tailored licensing frameworks, enhanced consumer protection mechanisms, and promotion of innovation in Shariah-compliant financial products and services. This study contributes to understanding the legal landscape of Islamic fintech in Indonesia, offering a comprehensive analysis of existing policies and regulations. By addressing challenges and proposing solutions, it aims to facilitate the growth of Islamic fintech and foster an inclusive and sustainable financial ecosystem in Indonesia.
Case Report: The effect of bone morphogenetic proteins (BMP) in comparison with a xenograft in the management of mandibular bone defects
Authors: Alhalabi Lutfallah , Zenati Mazen
Published: January 2024

Background This study aims to compare the effect of Bone Morphogenetic Proteins (rhBMP), carried on a gelatin sponge scaffold in comparison with the Xenograft BioOss® in the management of mandibular bone defects. Case presentation The case is a 48-year-old woman who had 2 cysts in the mandibular bone, BMP2 was placed within the first hole with a gelatin sponge, and a BioOss® graft was placed within the second defect. The radiographic evaluation was conducted before and after surgery and 1, 3, and 6 months after the surgical work. Histological assessment was conducted after 6 months of the surgical work. Results The results of the radiographic evaluation found that there was no big difference between the healing in the holes filled with rhBMP2 with gelatin sponge and the healing in the holes filled with BioOss®. Conclusion The use of a gelatin sponge impregnated with Bone Morphogenetic Proteins improves and accelerates the healing of bone defects and is comparable to the effectiveness of using a BioOss® graft.
Estimating dengue disease and economic burden to inform municipal-level policymakers: Method for a pragmatic city-level observational cohort study
Authors: Wilastonegoro Nandyan N. , Andriani Sri , Sebong Perigrinus H. , Agarwal-Harding Priya , Shepard Donald S.
Published: January 2024

Background Recent trials have confirmed the effectiveness of promising dengue control technologies – two vaccines, and Wolbachia. These would generally be applied at the municipal level. To balance health needs and resource constraints, local officials need affordable, timely, and accurate data. Building on our previous work in Mexico, Indonesia, and Thailand, we developed a streamlined prospective method to estimate dengue burden at the municipal level quickly, accurately, and efficiently. Method The method entails enrolling and repeatedly interviewing 100 patients with laboratory-confirmed dengue. They will be selected after screening and testing about 1,000 patients with clinical dengue. The method will capture both acute and chronic effects relating to disease, economic burden, and psychological impacts (presenteeism). The total time requirements are 1.5 years, comprised of 0.25 years for planning and approvals, 1 year for data collection (a full dengue cycle), and 0 .25 years for data cleaning and analysis. A collaboration with municipal and academic colleagues in the city of Semarang, Central Java, Indonesia shows how the method could be readily applied in Indonesia’s eighth largest city (population 1.8 million). Conclusions Many surveillance studies gather only information on numbers of cases. This proposed method will provide a comprehensive picture of the dengue burden to the health system, payers, and households at the local level.
Experience of regret is unaffected by concurrent working memory load
Authors: FitzGibbon Lily , Putt Caroline , Feeney Aidan , McCormack Teresa , Beck Sarah Ruth
Published: January 2024

Background When facing the consequences of decisions, people often experience evaluative emotions such as regret. The experience of regret is the result of the comparison between the actual outcome of one’s actions and a better counterfactual outcome that could have occurred had one acted differently in the past. Despite increasing interest in counterfactual thinking and regret, little is known about the type of cognitive processes involved with regret –whether it is underpinned by reflective or intuitive processes. The extant literature provides contradictory evidence: theoretical assertions and developmental work point towards reflective processes, requiring access to capacity-limited cognitive resources whereas, some experimental and neuroscientific evidence point towards intuitive processes. Methods In the current study, adults (N = 20) completed a commonly used gambling task known to elicit regret under high or low working memory load. Results Ratings of regret were not affected by concurrent working memory load (Bayes Factors provided strong evidence for the null hypothesis). Conclusions We conclude that the experience of regret in a commonly used gambling task is unaffected by concurrent working memory load. This suggests that, in adults, regret is not always reliant on reflective cognitive processes and does not require access to central cognitive resources.
Two decades of malaria control in Malawi: Geostatistical Analysis of the changing malaria prevalence from 2000-2022
Authors: Mategula Donnie , Gichuki Judy , Chipeta Michael Give , Chirombo James , Kalonde Patrick Ken , Gumbo Austin , Kayange Michael , Samuel Vincent , Kwizombe Colins , Hamuza Gracious , Kalanga Alinafe , Kamowa Dina , Mitambo Colins , Kawonga Jacob , Banda Benard , Kafulafula Jacob , Banda Akuzike , Twabi Halima , Musa Esloyn , Masambuka Maclear , Ntwere Tapiwa , Ligomba Chimwemwe , Munthali Lumbani , Sakala Melody , Bangoura Abdoulaye , Kapito-Tembo Atupele , Masingi-Mbeye Nyanyiwe , Mathanga Don P. , Terlouw Dianne J
Published: January 2024

Background Malaria remains a public health problem in Malawi and has a serious socio-economic impact on the population. In the past two decades, available malaria control measures have been substantially scaled up, such as insecticide-treated bed nets, artemisinin-based combination therapies, and, more recently, the introduction of the malaria vaccine, the RTS,S/AS01. In this paper, we describe the epidemiology of malaria for the last two decades to understand the past transmission and set the scene for the elimination agenda. Methods A collation of parasite prevalence surveys conducted between the years 2000 and 2022 was done. A spatio-temporal geostatistical model was fitted to predict the yearly malaria risk for children aged 2–10 years (PfPR 2–10) at 1×1 km spatial resolutions. Parameter estimation was done using the Monte Carlo maximum likelihood method. District-level prevalence estimates adjusted for population are calculated for the years 2000 to 2022. Results A total of 2,595 sampled unique locations from 2000 to 2022 were identified through the data collation exercise. This represents 70,565 individuals that were sampled in the period. In general, the PfPR2_10 declined over the 22 years. The mean modelled national PfPR2_10 in 2000 was 43.93 % (95% CI:17.9 to 73.8%) and declined to 19.2% (95%CI 7.49 to 37.0%) in 2022. The smoothened estimates of PfPR2_10 indicate that malaria prevalence is very heterogeneous with hotspot areas concentrated on the southern shores of Lake Malawi and the country's central region. Conclusions The last two decades are associated with a decline in malaria prevalence, highly likely associated with the scale-up of control interventions. The country should move towards targeted malaria control approaches informed by surveillance data.
Improving modelling for epidemic responses: reflections from members of the UK infectious disease modelling community on their experiences during the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Sherratt Katharine , Carnegie Anna C , Kucharski Adam , Cori Anne , Pearson Carl A B , Jarvis Christopher I , Overton Christopher , Weston Dale , Hill Edward M , Knock Edward , Fearon Elizabeth , Nightingale Emily , Hellewell Joel , Edmunds W John , Villabona Arenas Julián , Prem Kiesha , Pi Li , Baguelin Marc , Kendall Michelle , Ferguson Neil , Davies Nicholas , Eggo Rosalind M , van Elsland Sabine , Russell Timothy , Funk Sebastian , Liu Yang , Abbott Sam
Published: January 2024

Background The COVID-19 pandemic both relied and placed significant burdens on the experts involved from research and public health sectors. The sustained high pressure of a pandemic on responders, such as healthcare workers, can lead to lasting psychological impacts including acute stress disorder, post-traumatic stress disorder, burnout, and moral injury, which can impact individual wellbeing and productivity. Methods As members of the infectious disease modelling community, we convened a reflective workshop to understand the professional and personal impacts of response work on our community and to propose recommendations for future epidemic responses. The attendees represented a range of career stages, institutions, and disciplines. This piece was collectively produced by those present at the session based on our collective experiences. Results Key issues we identified at the workshop were lack of institutional support, insecure contracts, unequal credit and recognition, and mental health impacts. Our recommendations include rewarding impactful work, fostering academia-public health collaboration, decreasing dependence on key individuals by developing teams, increasing transparency in decision-making, and implementing sustainable work practices. Conclusions Despite limitations in representation, this workshop provided valuable insights into the UK COVID-19 modelling experience and guidance for future public health crises. Recognising and addressing the issues highlighted is crucial, in our view, for ensuring the effectiveness of epidemic response work in the future.
The genome sequence of the Hoary Footman, Eilema caniola (Hübner, 1808)
Authors: Lees David C. ,   Natural History Museum Genome Acquisition Lab,   Darwin Tree of Life Barcoding collective,   Wellcome Sanger Institute Tree of Life Management, Samples and Laboratory team,   Wellcome Sanger Institute Scientific Operations: Sequencing Operations,   Wellcome Sanger Institute Tree of Life Core Informatics team,   Tree of Life Core Informatics collective,   Darwin Tree of Life Consortium
Published: January 2024

We present a genome assembly from one female Eilema caniola (the Hoary Footman; Arthropoda; Insecta; Lepidoptera; Erebidae). The genome sequence is 781.7 megabases in span. Most of the assembly is scaffolded into 31 chromosomal pseudomolecules, including the W and Z sex chromosomes. The mitochondrial genome has also been assembled and is 15.42 kilobases in length. Gene annotation of this assembly on Ensembl identified 22,953 protein coding genes.
Folklorotwórczy wymiar wydarzeń politycznych
Authors: Hajduk-Nijakowska Janina
Published: January 2024

Prezentację powiązań folkloru ze współczesnymi wydarzeniami o charakterze politycznym autorka poprzedza doprecyzowaniem pojęcia folkloru. Akceptując koncepcję Ludwika Stommy, uznaje folklor za kulturę izolacji świadomościowej, która jest częścią kultur społecznie i historycznie zróżnicowanych. Przekaz folklorystyczny, jako tradycyjna forma tworzenia, jest natomiast efektem twórczej aktywności uczestników oraz odbiorców danego wydarzenia, korzystających zarówno z bezpośrednich, jak i elektronicznych środków przekazu, przede wszystkim z mediów społecznościowych. Jako pierwszy przykład autorka prezentuje sposoby folklorystycznej aktywności służącej oswajaniu traumy wywołanej przez kataklizm (powódź) i atak terrorystyczny. Następnie zwraca uwagę na folklorystyczny kontekst współczesnych demonstracji i strajków przeprowadzanych w przestrzeni publicznej, które dzięki zróżnicowanemu performansowi nabierają charakteru „karnawału oporu” lub eksponują oddolny protest wobec decyzji podejmowanych przez rząd i parlament. Prowadzi to nie tylko do powstania wspólnoty emocji, ale również wspólnoty informacyjnej, która może mieć istotny wpływ na kształtowanie opinii społecznej.
Roch z Małomierzyc. Codzienność przed drugą ćwiercią XXI w.
Authors: Pessel Włodzimierz Karol
Published: January 2024

Recenzja: Roch Sulima, Powidoki codzienności. Obyczajowość Polaków na progu XXI wieku, Wydawnictwo Iskry, Warszawa 2022.
Cooperation in Queueing Systems
Authors: Rosokha Yaroslav , Wei Chen
Published: January 2024

We study a social dilemma in a single-queue system in which human servers have discretion over the effort with which to process orders that arrive stochastically. We show theoretically that the efficient outcome in the form of high effort can be sustained in the subgame-perfect equilibrium if the interactions are long term (even when each server has a short-term incentive to free-ride and provide low effort). In addition, we show that queue visibility plays an important role in the type of strategies that can sustain a high-effort equilibrium. In particular, we show that limiting feedback about the current state of the queue may be beneficial if the expected duration of interaction is long. We conduct two controlled laboratory experiments to test the theoretical predictions and find that effort increases with the expected duration of an interaction. We also find that visibility has a strong impact on the strategies that human subjects use to provide effort in a dynamic setting. We discuss implications for managers and firms that are trying to improve service systems.

This paper was accepted by Jayashankar Swaminathan, operations management.

Supplemental Material: The online appendix and data files are available at https://doi.org/10.1287/mnsc.2020.00603 .