bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Reporte de la situación del microcrédito en Colombia - Diciembre de 2020
Authors:   Departamento de Estabilidad Financiera
Published: January 2021

En este reporte se exponen los resultados de la Encuesta sobre la situación actual del microcrédito en Colombia del cuarto trimestre de 2020. Esta encuesta fue diseñada por el Departamento de Estabilidad Financiera del Banco de la República, junto con Asomicrofinanzas, con el fin de conocer la percepción que tienen las entidades que realizan actividades de intermediación de microcrédito, incluyendo las que no son supervisadas por la Superintendencia Financiera de Colombia (SFC). Los objetivos de esta encuesta son indagar acerca del cambio en la percepción de oferta y demanda del mercado de microcrédito, la evolución de las políticas de asignación y evaluar, en particular, el riesgo de crédito de las entidades. De igual forma, se indaga sobre la frecuencia de prácticas relacionadas con reestructuraciones de microcrédito, venta de cartera y castigo de las deudas vencidas. Por último, se presentan los resultados de las preguntas de coyuntura que, para esta versión de la encuesta, continúan analizando la evolución de las medidas adoptadas por las entidades microcrediticias para hacer frente a la crisis sanitaria, evalúan el impacto de dichas medidas sobre el manejo del riesgo de crédito, inquieren sobre los retos que las microfinancieras perciben que enfrentarán en 2021 para incentivar la recuperación del tejido microempresarial del país, e indagan sobre la implementación y uso de canales digitales en este tipo de entidades crediticias.
HAKEKAT TAFSIR SURAT AL-FATIHAH (Pemahaman Hakikat Ibadah Kepada Allah Swt Dalam Menghadapi Persoalan Kehidupan)
Authors: Andy Safri
Published: January 2021

Surah al-Fatihah is a special letter of 114 letters in the Qur'an. This privilege has placed it as a letter that was recited in a number of times and became part of the pillars of prayer. In the sunglasses of tasawauf, al-Fatihah which is believed by one verse, namely Iyyaka Na`budu wa Iyyaka Nasta`in is the key in the straightness of a servant's faith to only Allah SWT, and plead with Him. The application in Sufism is the closeness of a servant to Allah who is intimately intertwined, thus creating a deep sense of love. The love of a servant to Allah SWT, has placed himself in the ability of himself to answer various problems and solve problems in his life. The above study is a study that is rarely achieved and owned by the servants of Allah, so that the Fatihah does not color his life in facing problems and problems. Therefore, discussing the nature of surat al-Fatihah as a key in creating a servant's closeness in worshiping Allah Almighty to be able to face life's problems and be able to realize happiness in the world and in the hereafter. Happiness is achieved by requiring our Islamic through intact in worshiping God Almighty, as God
Desain Meja dan Kursi Tutorial Laboratorium Desain Produk dan Inovasi Menggunakan Metode 12 Prinsip Ergonomi dan Pendekatan Antropometri
Authors: Sinaga Helena Hotmauli , Siboro Benedikta Anna Haulian , Marbun Chrisdio Ebenezer
Published: January 2021

The laboratory has an important thing to in producing graduates who are ready to work. In the laboratory itself, of course, it requires supporting facilities so that the participants can carry out learning activities properly. This is the same as the activity of developing a Product Design and Innovation laboratory at the Institut Teknologi Del which requires supporting facilities for its users. The purpose of this research is to design ergonomic desk and chair tutorial facilities that meets to users requirement. The method this research uses 12 ergonomic principles to identify user needs and translate them into Ergonomic Function Deployment (EFD) to develop House of Quality(HOQ) and designed by an anthropometric approach. The results of this study are the design of the tutorial desk and chair facilities with the 5-95th percentile of student body to meet their design use.
Optimalisasi Persediaan Bahan Baku Atap Spandex dengan Metode Q
Authors: Rizkya Indah , Fernando
Published: January 2021

Inventory management is one of the most important aspects in light steel construction business activities. The application of inventory management affects the continuity of the production process and improves the quality of service to consumers. Inventory is defined as an asset which includes goods owned by the company and has the potential to be sold within a certain business period in an effort to meet consumer needs at any time. Galvalume raw material inventory for the spandex roof production process often suffers from shortages due to immature planning. The shortage of inventory causes production not to run smoothly. The purpose of inventory management in this paper is to obtain an inventory policy to optimize the total inventory cost. The method used in this study is economic order quantity. Based on the results and discussion. Ordering raw materials will be made 6 times in a year with an order quantity of 116 with a safety stock of 12 units and will be ordered again when the raw materials are in 46 units. Total Inventory Cost (TIC) which was originally IDR 26.350.191,- can be saved to IDR 21.038.827,- so that the total savings that occurred amounted to IDR 5.311.364,- (20,15%).
Performansi Pipa Bersirip Alat Penukar Kalor Udara-Tanah Menggunakan Siklus Terbuka
Authors: Manik Terang UHSG , Sitorus Tulus Burhanuddin , Situmorang Mangontang
Published: January 2021

In heat exchanger analysis using the Earth Air Heat Exchanger method, the overall heat transfer coefficient is known. This tool uses tubes in its design. The weakness of tube and plate type heat exchangers is the relatively low heat transfer coefficient, which can only reach a maximum of 60%. Therefore, a method to improve the heat transfer efficiency is using a fin. The purpose of this study is to calculate and compare the effectiveness (ε) value of experimental and theoretical of the Earth Air Heat Exchanger, as well as to find out the value of the coefficient of performance. The result showed that the average COP value of the experimental result is 0.63 at a speed of 1 m / s, 0.54 at the speed of 2 m / s, and 0.75 at the speed of 3 m / s, while theoretically is 0 , 73 at 1 m / s, 0.57 at 2 m / s, and 0.80 at 3m / s. For the value of the average effectiveness of the experimental results obtained 0.85 at the speed of 1 m / s, 0.93 at the speed of 2 m / s, and 0.89 at the speed of 3 m / s, while the theoretical result is 0.995 at the speed of 1 m / s, 0.997 at 2 m / s, and 0.998 at 3 m / s.
RESTORANLARDA DİJİTAL DÖNÜŞÜM: TOUCH RESTORAN ÖRNEĞİ
Authors: HAZARHUN Eda , YILMAZ Ö. Devrim
Published: January 2021

Bu çalışmada restoranlardaki dijital dönüşüm uygulamaları Touch Restoran örneği üzerinden incelenmektedir. Çalışma nitel olarak tasarlanmıştır. Bu nedenle çalışmada nitel araştırma yöntemlerinden durum (vaka) analizi kullanılmıştır. Bu kapsamda Touch Restoran’ın sahibi ile yüz yüze yarı yapılandırılmış görüşme yapılmış ve restoranda gözlem yapılmıştır. Restoranda robot garsonların ve internete bağlı bir ekran şeklinde dizayn edilmiş masaların kullanıldığı ve bu masalarda yer alan dijital menülerden yemeklerin sipariş edildiği belirlenmiştir. Restoran sahibi ile gerçekleştirilen görüşme sonuçları ise bu ve benzer uygulamaların işletmeye olası faydaları ve müşterilerin uygulamalara bakış açısını yansıtmaktadır. Bu tür uygulamaların restoranlarda yaygınlaşması restoranların servis hızının artmasını, maliyetlerin düşmesini ve müşterilerin farklı deneyim elde etmesini sağlayabilir.
Presentación Dossier : Río de la Plata en el siglo XVIII, algunos aspectos de su economía, sociedad y sistema de poder.
Authors: Jumar Fernando Alberto
Published: January 2021

Los trabajos reunidos en este dossier, que generosamente acoge El Taller de la Historia, fueron generados por parte de los integrantes de un equipo de investigación que se inició en 2002 en la Universidad Nacional de Tres de Febrero (UNTreF) al que se sumó otro en 2004 creado en la Universidad Nacional de La Plata (UNLP), ambas en Argentina. Nuestro problema de investigación es el sistema de dominación durante el Antiguo Régimen en la Monarquía Hispánica y para acercarnos a él realizamos investigaciones sobre la región Río de la Plata, durante lo que consideramos como su largo siglo XVIII (1680-1820), desde la historia económico-social, la política, la social y la antropología histórica. En 2016 terminaron nuestras vinculaciones formales a través de proyectos de investigación bajo mi dirección, radicados en universidades u otras entidades de promoción de la investigación. Estamos ahora aprendiendo otras dinámicas de trabajo con quienes ya son investigadores formados mientras mantengo la relación de dirección con quienes aún están en formación. Agradezco el apoyo y la experiencia de la Profesora Silvia Mallo quien co-dirigió los proyectos formalizados ante la UNLP y celebro haber podido compartir gracias a esos proyectos espacios intelectuales con dos colegas de la misma universidad, Josefina Mallo y Víctor Pereyra. En la UNTreF la asociación se dio en los primeros años con Marta Poggi, quien nos esclareció en temas de las relaciones entre historia y memoria.
Relación estado-iglesia y educación en México : vínculos problemáticos entre estado educador, laicismo y querella escolar.
Authors: Rangel Bernal Laura , Amaro Peñaflores René
Published: January 2021

En México, la relación entre el Estado y la Iglesia católica ha sido cambiante y compleja. En este artículo sostenemos que más allá del ámbito de la política religiosa, estos cambios han incidido en la educación al asumirse el primero como educador, relevando a la Iglesia en dicho papel, y estableciendo la laicidad como principio rector y fundacional, lo cual incitó una querella por el control educativo. En el devenir de esta relación distinguimos tres tendencias que han marcado al discurso estatal y, consecuentemente, a las políticas educativas oficiales: el radicalismo, el espíritu de conciliación, y el establecimiento de alianzas entre clero y gobierno. A su vez, identificamos tres tendencias en el actuar de la Iglesia respecto de la querella escolar, transitando de la educación pública y la disputa por los libros de texto gratuitos, al interés por la educación privada de élites, y las controversias sobre la educación sexual.
En torno a la circulación observada desde la aduana de Buenos Aires entre 1779 y 1783.
Authors: Jumar Fernando Alberto
Published: January 2021

Se presenta la fuente principal utilizada en otro trabajo y su tratamiento, así como la crítica de los datos emergentes en función de su construcción, de la coyuntura y de las diversas formas del fraude fiscal. De la última variable ponderada, emerge una hipótesis que vincula consumo y estratificación social en los espacios observados.
PENGARUH BANGKITAN DAN TARIKAN OPERASIONAL UNIT RAWAT JALAN RSU PURI RAHARJA TERHADAP KINERJA LALU LINTAS
Authors: Pratiwi Ni Made Widya
Published: January 2021

Unit Rawat Jalan RSU Puri Raharja merupakan salah satu pelayanan kesehatan yang disediakan oleh RSU Puri Raharja. Unit Rawat Jalan RSU Puri Raharja berlokasi di Jalan W.R. Supratman, dimana jalan tersebut merupakan jalan kolektor yang memiliki kinerja ruas jalan yang cukup padat. Dengan adanya operasional dari Unit Rawat Jalan RSU Puri Raharja ini tentukan memberikan pengaruh terhadap kinerja lalu lintas di sekitarnya, yaitu Jalan W.R. Supratman dan Jalan Gadung. Dari hasil analisis didapatkan bahwa Jalan W.R. Supratman pergerakan terpadat pada hari kerja terjadi pada pukul 17.00 – 18.00 WITA dengan volume lalu lintas sebesar 2598,2 smp/jam. Volume lalu lintas Jalan Gadung pada hari kerja, jam puncak terjadi pada pukul 12.15 – 13.15 WITA dengan volume lalu lintas sebesar 445,0 smp/jam. Kinerja Jalan W.R. Supratman yang berada di depan lokasi Unit Rawat Jalan RSU Puri Raharja yang terkena dampak langsung dari operasional tersebut. Jalan W.R. Supratman pada jam puncak saat hari kerja memiliki V/C ratio sebesar 0,83. Jumlah bangkitan dan tarikan yang ditimbulkan sebesar 54,4 smp/jam. Kondisi eksisting merupakan kondisi saat ini dimana Unit Rawat Jalan RSU Puri Raharja telah beroperasi. Dengan adanya operasional Unit Rawat Jalan RSU Puri Raharja tersebut berdampak sebesar 2,09% terhadap kinerja lalu lintas di Jalan W.R. Supratman pada kondisi eksisting.
Aktivitas Antiinflamasi Ekstrak Etanolik Daun Arbenan [Duchesnea indica (Jacks.) Focke]
Authors: Waris Risda , Mursyid A. Mumtihanah
Published: January 2021

Arbenan leaf is a medicinal plant that used in the healing of inflammation. The content of phenolic compounds, flavonoids, steroids and tannins contained in arbenan plants which play an important role in alternative medicine. Currently, scientific work of phytotherapy is an important alternative route in finding effective natural medicines with minimal side effects. The aim of this study was to determine the phytochemical properties and to determine the anti-inflammatory effect of arbenan leaf [Duchesnea indica (Jacks.) Focke] extract. In this study, nine male Wistar rats were tested in three treatment groups. Group I Na CMC, group II Na diclofenac and group III arbenan leaf extract. Inflammation in rats by inducing 1% carrageenan as much as 0.10 mL. The volume of edema per hour is known from the difference in the volume of the foot at certain hours with the volume of the normal foot. The AUC value of edema volume was calculated by the trapezoid method every one hour and the percen of anti-inflammatory power was calculated. The statistical analysis of the Least Significance Different (LSD) AUC value from the edema volume data showed that the two treatment groups, namely the Na diclofenac and the arbenan leaf extract group, were significantly different from the Na CMC group (P <0.05). So that both treatment groups have anti-inflammatory effects. The results showed that the ethanolik extract of arbenan leaves contained phenolic compounds, flavonoids and tannins. Then the ethanolic extract of arbenan leaves has anti-inflammatory activity of 0.31%.
ФЕНОМЕНОЛОГІЧНА ПЕДАГОГІКА ЯК СМИСЛОВИЙ АСПЕКТ МЕТОДОЛОГІЇ СУЧАСНОЇ ОСВІТИ
Authors: Сафонова І. О.
Published: January 2021

Ми розглядаємо феноменологічний підхід як методологічну основу, що обумовлює нове бачення – глибоке прояснення сутностей і смислів освітніх проблем, онтологічних засад освіти людини і пояснює педагогічну необхідність їх вирішення. Основною ідеєю феноменологічного підходу в освіті є ідея «життєвого світу» особистості, її цілісності. Утвердження холістичної парадигми цілісності в методології освіти, в якій Людина розглядається як найвище втілення холізму, як найвища цілісність, що припускає: «постійно прагнути побачити, відчути, випробувати і зрозуміти єдність всіх речей» – «жити в цілісності» (Пол Шафер), сприятиме конвергенції природничо-наукових і гуманітарних наук, когнітивних знань і ціннісно-смислових параметрів, формуванню цілісної людини. Феноменологічний підхід у педагогіці найприродніший, що відповідає внутрішній сутності людини, оскільки досвід суб'єкта – єдиний життєвий досвід, в якому переживається сприйняття світу, себе, іншої людини, свобода, відповідальність, гідність людини.

Проблеми освіти найчастіше розглядаються лише як проблеми зовнішнього простору, але не меншою проблемою є проблема «освіти себе», пов'язана з сутністю, екзистенцією людини, її смислами, внутрішньою природою. Освіта – це гуманітарний простір самотворення, самоосвіти людини, її духовного пробудження, що має забезпечуватись такими природо­відповідними, культурними механізмами, як: підтримка, супроводження, педагогічна допомога, духовна співпричетність в освітньому процесі з боку викладача та прагнення до самовдосконалення самого студента.
A reforma trabalhista brasileira e o despedimento coletivo
Authors: Leal Amado João
Published: January 2021

A reforma trabalhista brasileira introduziu na CLT um novo artigo – o art. 477-A –, relativo à matéria do despedimento coletivo (ou dispensa coletiva), o qual suscita as maiores dúvidas no plano interpretativo e parece situar-se na contramão da evolução do direito laboral nos países da União Europeia (e também em Portugal), onde há muito existe uma diretiva que obriga a entidade empregadora que pretenda promover um despedimento coletivo a respeitar as pertinentes regras de índole procedimental, consultando e auscultando os representantes dos trabalhadores, negociando e dialogando com estes, antes de efetuar tal despedimento. O artigo conclui que esta norma é um bom exemplo de que flexibilizar nem sempre significa modernizar a legislação, antes, por vezes, significa apenas reduzir o trabalhador à condição de mercadoria, contrariando o princípio estruturante, há muito firmado pela OIT, segundo o qual “o trabalho não é uma mercadoria”.
PALAVRAS-CHAVE: despedimento coletivo; negociação e consulta; procedimento; reforma trabalhista.
Estimation of new lines of multigerm pollinators of Verhnyatska selection sugar beets and their hybrids
Authors: Dubchak О. , Andrieieva L. , Palamarchuk L.
Published: January 2021

The paper highlights the assessment of Verhnyatska selection new combination valuable multigerm of lines – pollinators (МP) efficiency, МS of lines of a different origin and heterozis of hybrids created on their basis. Verhnyatska МP are productive, combination-valuable and plasticity, proved by the hybrid combinations with МS by materials of all skilled-selection stations of a network of Institute of biocrops and sugar beet. At the grade test of 2018 more successful were combinations with МS by lines Ivanivska and Bila Tserkva research selection station. Sugar yield in hybrids made 111.4–108.9 % on the average. A number of experimental hybrids line created with Verhnyatcka selection lines-pollinators in 2019 is listed among the best in sugar yield per hectare. The submitted hybrids STs191125 and STs191134 were characterized by a high parameter of productivity (117.6 and 113.8 % to the standard accordingly). A number of the best hybrids for study in variety ecological testing is selected. Heterosis effect was observed in some cross combinations. The best parameter on productivity (110.0 %) was in the hybrid STs191135 – МS originator of a line of Yaltushkivska RSS. Sugar yield and output were higher than the standard by 8.4 and 14.2 %. The satisfactory parameters of efficiency were observed in the STs190309 hybrid. Its productivity made 104.0 %, sugar yield – 104.1 %, sugar output – 111.8 % to the standard. Significantly high sugar output was in the hybrid STs190815 (119.6 %), where both components of crossing were of Verhnyatska selection. The parameters of productivity, sugar content and yield were 107.7, 100.9 and 109.2 %. Due to a genetic variety of initial materials and successful selection of parental components, their combinational ability and plasticity made it possible to receive new hybrids. Multigerm line-pollinators have high selection value of efficiency parameters.
Key words: sugar beet, multigerm, pollinator, fertility, selection, hybrid, productivity.
Assessment of the variability of economically valuable traits in spring rape lines of mutant origin
Authors: Kumanska Yu. , Shubenko L.
Published: January 2021

The aim of the research was to assess the variability of economically valuable traits: the number of pods on the central inflorescence, the length of the pod and the number of seeds in the pod, in lines of mutant origin of spring rape. The studies were carried out in 2014–2015 in the conditions of the experimental field ETC of BNAU. The starting material was four lines of mutant origin of spring rape obtained from the Magnat variety after treatment of its seeds with mutagens. Variety Magnat and variety-standard Maria were taken for control. According to the research results, the following were identified: by the number of pods on the central inflorescence, the mutant lines IVR 16–7, IVR 16–5 and IVR 16–2. In the line of mutant origin IVR 16–7, on average, over the years of research, 34.7 pods were obtained on the main inflorescence, in mutant forms IVR 16–5 – 34.4 pods. and in IVR 16–2 – 33.8 pcs. respectively, which exceeded the standard variety Maria – 30.0 pcs. and the original variety Magnat – 23.5 pcs. In the line of mutant origin IVR 16–2, there was a slight variation of the trait, the average value of the coefficient of variation (V, %) was 7.4 %, the variance (s2) was 6.8, and the standard deviation (s) was 2.6. All of the above mutant forms showed stability in the formation of the number of pods on the central inflorescence over the years of research. The longest pod length was obtained in the IVR 16–7 line – 7.6 cm. A larger pod length compared to the controls was also obtained in the IVR 16–5 – 7.4 cm. According to the coefficient of variation, all the studied lines of mutant origin of spring rape were characterized by weak and medium varying the sign (V = 3.5–13.6 %). The largest number of seeds in a pod (28.2 pcs.) Was obtained in the line of mutant origin IVR 16–7, the average value of the indicator exceeded the standard variety Maria and the original variety Magnat by 1.7 seeds. This line was characterized by an average variation of the trait, as indicated by the obtained coefficient of variation V = 11.9 and 14.8 %. The line of mutant origin IVR 16–5 (27.7 pcs.) Was also distinguished by an increased number of seeds in the pod compared to controls. In IVR 16–2, the number of seeds in the pod was formed – 27.4 pcs., The line had a weak variation (V, %) – 5.7 and 6.6 % of the trait in the years of research.
Key words: line of mutant origin, spring rape, mutagenesis, selection, number of pods on the central inflorescence, pod length, number of seeds in a pod.
Child Religious Protection for the Muallaf Family in Sibolangit District, Deli Serdang Regency (Analysis of Child Protection Law No.35 of 2014 and the Concept of Hadhonah)
Authors: Ahmad Perdana Kusuma
Published: January 2021

This study describes the protection of children's religion for convertible families in the sibolangit sub-district, deli serdang district. Where the children of the Muallaf family must be protected and taught about religion, where they can know what is haram and what is lawful. This type of research in writing this thesis is empirical juridical research. With field and library data collection techniques. The data collection tools are documentation study, interview and observation. Then the data is processed and analyzed descriptively. The research results obtained are; first, parents of converted familiesmust provide a strong religious basis for children in their childhood so that children can grow up to be pious children and can be useful for their religion and can also be able to spread Islam in minority places. Second, when the children are still in their age, parents must guide and supervise their children so that they can grow well in their religion. Third, the efforts of converting parents to improve Islamic religious education in children are by providing motivation, participating in children's time management, and providing facilities related to children's education. In addition, the way for converting parents to apply Islamic religious education to children is the lecture method, the exemplary method, the storytelling method.
The Social Safety Nets and Poverty Alleviation in Pakistan: An Evaluation of Livelihood Enhancement and Protection Programme
Authors: Asif Javed  , Vaqar Ahmed  , Bakhrul Khair Amal
Published: January 2021

Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) 1 intends to end poverty of all forms and the government of Pakistan is also targeting poverty alleviation through social safety nets. ‘Ehsaas’ is the major social safety nets proramme which include various initiatives that are benefiting millions of households. The study examines the state of poverty in Pakistan and also highlights the spending under each social safety net. Furthermore, the study also evaluates the Livelihood Enhancement and Protection (LEP) programme which is a major initiative for poverty alleviation under Ehsaas programme. Survey in Khyber Pakhtunkhawa and Balochistan provinces were conducted of those beneficiaries who are getting asset and skills training. It was found that asset provision and skills trainings are helpful in increasing the earnings and provide sustainable livelihood opportunities to poor households.
Analysis of Student's Spatial Ability in terms of Van Hiele's Thinking Stages in Problem Based Learning
Authors: Tanjung Hairunnisah , Sinaga Bornok , Mansyur Abil
Published: January 2021

This study aims to analyze students 'spatial mathematical abilities in terms of Van Hiele's thinking stages in problem-based learning models, as well as to find out the number of difficult indicators of students' mathematical spatial abilities in terms of Van Hiele's thinking stages in problem-based learning models. Researchers are the main research instrument, data obtained through several previous studies or journals about research on students' spatial abilities in terms of van hiele's thinking stages in problem-based learning. This study uses the analysis technique of the Miles and Huberman model. Data analysis activities, namely data reduction, display data, and conclusion drawing/ verification. The subjects in this study were journal articles on the analysis of students' spatial abilities in terms of van hiele's thinking stages in problem-based learning. The object of this research is the provision of a problem-based learning process. Based on the results of the study, there are students with high spatial abilities who have exploratory thinking processes, methodical thinking, analogical thinking, abstract thinking, synthesis, serendipity, and recycling ideas, students with high spatial abilities also have high imagination, students with spatial abilities are having a process exploratory thinking, serendipity, analogical thinking, semi-abstract thinking, and recycling of ideas and having moderate imagination, as well as students with low spatial abilities in understanding problems using exploratory, analogical, semi-abstract, synthesis thinking processes and have low imagery.
HYDROTHERMAL-EXPLOSIVE FORMATIONS OF BUGLEN SAND QUARRY
Authors:   Institute of Geology, Dagestan Federal Research Center, RAS, Matsapulin V.U. , Tulysheva E.V. ,   Institute of Geology, Dagestan Federal Research Center, RAS, Isakov S.I. ,   Institute of Geology, Dagestan Federal Research Center, RAS
Published: January 2021

Одной из разновидностей эндогенных образований установленных в Дагестане являются продукты гидротермально-эксплозивных процессов. Для последних характерны образующиеся при взрыве брекчии. Это отмечается в слабосцементированных песчаниках среднего миоцена, меловых известняках. В литературе отмечается связь полезных ископаемых с подобными процессами, что обуславливает их перспективность как металлогенических структур.
REFLECTION OF THE PROCESS OF PREPARATION STRONG EARTHQUAKES IN RUSSIA, BASED ON THE MONITORING OF SEISMOGEODYNAMIC REGIME OF THE FLUIDS IN AZERBAIJAN (DAGESTAN - May 03, 2017)
Authors:   Republican Seismic Survey Center of Azerbaijan National Academy of Sciences, Keramova R.A , Guliyeva Sh.O. ,   Republican Seismic Survey Center of Azerbaijan National Academy of Sciences, Magomedov Kh.D. ,   Unified Geophysical Service of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Adilov Z.A. ,   Unified Geophysical Service of the Russian Academy of Sciences
Published: January 2021

В представленной работе отражены результаты, которые получены в Азербайджане с целью выполнения дистанционного, оперативного прогноза землетрясений на основе круглогодичного мониторинга сейсмо-геодинамического режима флюидов (СФГД). Это стало возможно после разработки, тестирования и внедрения в работу в течение 2008-2020 гг. двухавтономных “Автоматизированных технологий №1 (“Identfire” – 2008 г.) и №2 (“Autolog” – 2014 г.) для оперативной оценки сейсмической обстановки (ml≥3.0) в конкретном регионе, а также - дистанционного, оперативного прогноза сильных землетрясений (mb≥5.5) в любом регионе мира, только на основе СФГД-мониторинга в Азербайджане”. За их разработку авторами (Керамова Р.А., Аббаслы О.А.) 10 января 2019 г. были получены два свидетельства за №10565 и №10566. Впервые одновременно определяются “диапазоны-интервалы” параметров очага: координаты, магнитуды, глубины, времени оставшегося до реализации прогнозируемых землетрясений. Подтверждением корректности и достоверности этих исследований является приведенный ниже материал. Он отражает результаты дистанционного, оперативного прогноза из Азербайджана за 12 дней до реализации ощутимого землетрясения на территории России в 2017 году (Республика Дагестан: 03.05.2017; mb=5.4).
AGGLUTINATING FORAMINIFERS OF JURASSIC NORTHERN СAUCASUS
Authors:   Institute of Geology, Dagestan Federal Research Center, RAS, Temirbekova U.T. , Barkueva L.S. ,   Institute of Geology, Dagestan Federal Research Center, RAS
Published: January 2021

Дана характеристика агглютинирующих фораминифер средней юры Северного Кавказа. Приведен родовой и видовой состав встреченных родов по работам разных исследователей для СЗ и СВ Кавказа. В разрезах Центрального Дагестана отмечено их наличие в байосском и батском ярусах. Дан анализ присутствующих семейств, отмечены однокамерные, дву- и многокамерные рода. Приведена таблица наиболее часто встречаемых видов.
COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF GEOCHEMICAL TIME SERIES AND SEISMIC REGIME OF DAGESTAN TERRITORY
Authors:   Unified Geophysical Service of RAS,, Saidov O.A. , Taymazov D.G. ,   Unified Geophysical Service of RAS,   Institute of Geology, DPRC RAS, Magomedov S.R. ,   Department of Mathematics and Informatics, DPRC RAS, Magomed-Kasumov M.G. ,   Unified Geophysical Service of RAS,,   Department of Mathematics and Informatics, DPRC RAS, Sharapudinov T.I. ,   Unified Geophysical Service of RAS,,   Department of Mathematics and Informatics, DPRC RAS, Sultanakhmedov M.S. ,   Unified Geophysical Service of RAS,,   Department of Mathematics and Informatics, DPRC RAS
Published: January 2021

Разработан алгоритм и компьютерная программа для количественной оценки надежности геохимических предвестников землетрясений, выявленных ранее по визуальному сопоставлению временных рядов. С использованием программы обработаны геохимические временные ряды, полученные на пункте Дубки (водород, 2004-2019 гг.) и на пункте Караман (гелий, 2006-2011 и 2018-2019 гг.).
VARIATIONS OF GEOPHYSICAL PARAMETERS ON THE NETWORK OF OBSERVATORIES DAGESTAN, VARIATIONS IN SEISMIC ACTIVITY AND THEIR RELATIONSHIP TO ENDOGENOUS AND EXOGENOUS IMPACTS IN 2020
Authors:   Institute of Geology, Dagestan Federal Research Center, RAS, Aliev I.A. , Magomedov A.G. ,   Institute of Geology, Dagestan Federal Research Center, RAS
Published: January 2021

В статье рассматриваются результаты наблюдений вариаций кажущегося сопротивления горных пород, и вариаций модуля полного вектора геомагнитного поля Земли полученных на сети станций Института геологии ДФИЦ РАН в 2020 г. Показано, что в наблюдаемых вариациях геомагнитного поля Земли, как и вариациях кажущегося сопротивления горных пород, отмечаются эндогенные и отсутствуют экзогенные причины.
ANALYSIS OF THE SEISMIC REGIME OF THE CAUCASIAN REGION
Authors:   Unified Geophysical Service of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Alieva A.V.
Published: January 2021

В настоящей статье исследуется расположение гипоцентров землетрясений в РД и на сопредельных территориях. Анализ показывает происхождение основной доли сейсмособытий с М < 4,5 на глубинах от 60 км. При М > 4,5 возрастает частота нахождения гипоцентра землетрясения на глубинах от 0 до 60 км.
OF TYPIFICATION OF DEPOSITS AND DEPOSITS OF HYDROCARBONS IN THE MESOZOIC DEPOSITS OF DAGESTAN
Authors:   Institute of Geology, Dagestan Federal Research Center, RAS, Melikov M.M. , Gadzhieva T.R. ,   Institute of Geology, Dagestan Federal Research Center, RAS
Published: January 2021

В работе обосновывается типизация месторождений и залежей УВ, приводится характеристика нефтегазоносных комплексов Дагестана, стратиграфическое размещение залежей УВ мезозойских отложений Предгорного Дагестана, а также критерии типизации месторождений и залежей УВ, на основе которых проведено их типизация по фазовому состоянию и геологопромысловым параметрам.
THE SEARCH FOR UNCONVENTIONAL HYDROCARBON TRAPS IS ONE OF THE WAYS TO FURTHER DEVELOP THE OIL AND GAS INDUSTRY IN DAGESTAN
Authors:   Institute of Geology of the Russian Academy of SCIENCES, Melikov M.M. , Gadzhieva T.R. ,   Institute of Geology of the Russian Academy of SCIENCES
Published: January 2021

В работе рассматривается один из путей развития нефтегазовой промышленности РД, в которой предлагаются решать методом увеличения коэффициента нефтеотдачи, исходя из анализа геолого-геофизического материала и анализа разработки месторождений республики, а также поисками нетрадиционных ловушек УВ, в том числе на шельфе Северного и Среднего Каспия.
EXPERIENCE OF INSTRUMENTAL STUDY OF EARTHQUAKES IN THE TERRITORY OF DAGESTAN
Authors:   Unified Geophysical Service of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Asmanov O.A. , Adilov Z.A. ,   Unified Geophysical Service of the Russian Academy of Sciences
Published: January 2021

Описывается история развития сейсмологических наблюдений и опыт изучения землетрясений на территории Дагестана.
SEISMIC ACTIVITY IN THE DAGESTAN SECTOR OF THE MIDDLE CASPIAN AREA IN 2019
Authors:   Unified Geophysical Service of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Pavlichenko I.N. , Sagatelova E.U. ,   Unified Geophysical Service of the Russian Academy of Sciences
Published: January 2021

В данной статье проанализирована сейсмическая обстановка Дагестанского сектора акватории Среднего Каспия за 2019 год. Дана оценка основным параметрам морских очагов. Составлена карта эпицентров землетрясений Кр=7-13 вышеуказанной зоны. Выполнены таблицы распределения числа толчков по энергетическим классам Кр и глубинам.
LEGAL REGULATION IN THE IMPLEMENTATION OF A SET OF MEASURES AIMED AT ENSURING THE OPERATIONAL RELIABILITY AND SAFETY OF OWNERLESS HYDRAULIC STRUCTURES
Authors:   Caucasus Department of the Federal Service for Environmental,  Technological and Nuclear Supervision, Kadiev Z.M. , Kochetov A.N. ,   Northwest Department of the Federal Service for Environmental,  Technological and Nuclear Supervision
Published: January 2021

На территориях, поднадзорных Федеральной службе по экологическому, технологическому и атомному надзору, территориальными Управлениями в рамках возложенных полномочий, проводятся регулярные работы, направленные на выявление и сокращение количества бесхозяйных гидротехнических сооружений. Статус гидротехнического сооружения в качестве бесхозяйного, являющегося объектом, создающими повышенную опасность для населения, требует принятия незамедлительных мер по постановке их на учет и передаче в собственность и/или оперативное управление эксплуатирующей организации для обеспечения безопасности с целью предотвращения чрезвычайных ситуаций и стихийных бедствий. Законодатель уделил особое внимание вопросу соблюдения обязательных требований безопасности бесхозяйных ГТС. И отнес их к наиболее вероятно опасным объектам хозяйственного права. Отсутствие собственника и/или эксплуатирующей организации, подготовленного и аттестованного штата обслуживающих сооружения специалистов, не может не отразиться на потенциальной опасности самого сооружения и, как следствие, территории его расположения. Эти события могут послужить причиной возникновения ситуаций, влекущих за собой негативные последствия, ввиду наличия опасности для жизни и здоровья людей, проживающих на данной территории.
HYDROTHERMAL-SEDIMENTARY SULFIDES OF POLYMETALS IN SANDY-CLAYY SEDIMENTS OF THE JURASSIC DAGESTAN
Authors:   Institute of Geology, Dagestan Federal Research Center, RAS, Isakov S.I. , Matsapulin V.U. ,   Institute of Geology, Dagestan Federal Research Center, RAS, Tulysheva E.V. ,   Institute of Geology, Dagestan Federal Research Center, RAS
Published: January 2021

Выявленные гидротермально-эксплозивные образования представляют большой интерес для понимания геологии региона. Специфика геологического положения эндогенных проявлений является их территориальная близость к разрывным нарушениям.
GEOLOGICAL MONUMENTS OF THE REGION OF FOOTHERN DAGESTAN
Authors:   Institute of Geology, DPRC RAS, Yusupov A.R. , Mamaev S.A. ,   Institute of Geology, DPRC RAS, Mamaev A.S. ,   Institute of Geology, DPRC RAS, Yusupov Z.A. ,   Yusupov Z.A.
Published: January 2021

На территории Республики Дагестан широко развиты различные типы природных памятников (ПП). Эти природные памятники непосредственно связаны с геологическим строением территории; тектоникой, геоморфологией и различными разновидностями осадочных пород. В данной статье дается краткая характеристика памятников природы предгорного Дагестана, которые связаны в основном с карбонатными и песчано-глинистыми породами третичного времени.
ROLE OF GROUNDWATER IN THE SUPPLY OF THE RIVERS OF DAGESTAN
Authors:   Institute of Geology, DPRC RAS, Kurbanova L.M. , Bazmanova P.M. ,   Institute of Geology, DPRC RAS
Published: January 2021

Дана характеристика типов питания рек. Рассматривается роль подземного стока как одного из источников питания рек. Описывается режим наиболее крупных рек Дагестана.
ON THE POSSIBILITY OF EARTHQUAKE FORECAST ON AREA OBSERVATIONS OF HIGH-FREQUENCY SEISMIC NOISES
Authors:   Unified Geophysical Service of the Russian Academy of Sciences,, Taymazov D.G. ,   Institute of Geology, DPRC RAS
Published: January 2021

В статье теоретически обоснована возможность прогнозирования места, силы и времени землетрясений по повторным площадным наблюдениям высокочастотных сейсмических шумов с использованием резонансных сейсмоакустических приемников сканирующего типа.
THE RATIO OF THE VELOCITY OF LONGITUDINAL WAVES TO SHEAR WAVE VELOCITY AND SOIL DENSITY IMPACT ON THE PARAMETERS OF SEISMIC EFFECTS
Authors:   Geophysical Institute, Vladikavkaz Scientific Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, Kharebov K.S. , Baskaev A.N. ,   Geophysical Institute, Vladikavkaz Scientific Center, Russian Academy of Sciences,   FGBOU VO "Mountain State Agrarian University", Makiev V.D. ,   Geophysical Institute, Vladikavkaz Scientific Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, Maisuradze M.V. ,   Geophysical Institute, Vladikavkaz Scientific Center, Russian Academy of Sciences
Published: January 2021

Целью исследования является продолжение авторами предыдущих исследований, а именно изучение влияния отношения скорости распространения продольных (Vp), к скорости поперечных(Vs) волн, а также плотностиρ грунтов, на параметры реального сейсмического воздействия: интенсивность воздействия, пиковые ускорения. Была использована обновленная выборка, содержащая 69962 трехмерных записейс эпицентральным расстоянием до 50 кмвсех землетрясений KNET начиная с 11/05/1996 по 31/12/2019 включительно. Записи были любезно предоставлены для некоммерческого использования системой KNET. В выборке скорости распространения продольных и поперечных волн в грунтах, а также плотности грунтов усреднены до глубины 20 м по грунтам станций. Методика исследования идентична использованной в первой части статьи, опублико-ванной в 2018 г., но добавлены записи с 1 января 2018 г. по 31 декабря 2019 г. включительно. Показано, что средняя интенсивность сейсмического воздействия выше на грунтах с высокими значениями отношенияVp/Vs. Для высоких магнитуд (М>6) при малых эпицентральных расстояниях (<15 км) интенсивности проявления практически не зависит от отношения Vp/Vs. Средние значения пикового горизонтального (PHA) и вертикального (PVA) ускорений для грунтов с низкими значениями Vp/Vs (<3,29) значимо выше, чем для грунтов с высокими значениями Vp/Vs (>5,69) для эпицентральных расстояний от 10 до 50 км и магнитуд M<6. Для высоких магнитуд (M>6) PHA и PVA не зависят от Vp/Vs с p<0,05. На грунтах с высокимизначениями Vp/Vs отношение PVA/PHA выше, чем на грунтах с низкими величинами отношенияVp/Vs. При этом для магнитуд свыше 5 различие в PVA/PHA для грунтов с высоким и низким значением Vp/Vs статистически не значимо. Интенсивность значимо больше на грунтах с малой плотностью при магнитудах M<5. Для 5<M<6 при эпицентральных расстояниях <15км интенсивность практически не зависит от плотности, а при эпицентральных расстояниях более 15 км интенсивность значимо растет с уменьшением плотности грунта. Для магнитуд M>6 интенсивностьпрактически не зависит от плотности (p<0,05). PHA для высоких ρвыше, чем, для низких с p<0,05. Но при эпицентральном расстоянии менее 10 км иM<5, а такжедля магнитуд M>6 при эпицентральном менее 50 км PHA практически не зависит от плотности. Величина среднего значения PVA практически не зависит от плотности грунтов (p<0,05). Величина отношения PVA/PHAуменьшается с увеличением плотности грунтов для M<5, и не зависит от плотности при M>5.
Fair and Square Redistricting
Authors: Fox James
Published: January 2021

This article presents a new procedure for constructing fair legislative district maps. This straightforward, transparent, research-based procedure is intended to be helpful to those interested in promoting fair legislative district maps. The work draws upon a recent award-winning study of preferences of redistricting experts and lay citizens, alike. The approach draws upon that study to construct foundational legislative district maps. The mapping procedure then builds on that foundation, employing the well-established concept of partisan symmetry to construct maps that are fair to both major political parties. The article opens by discussing this new view of compact districts and describes the procedure for constructing the maps. Foundational maps are drawn for 12 states that have recently been under court scrutiny. Partisan symmetry is then applied to these maps to construct legislative district maps that are fair and square
21st Century neo-androgyny: A measure of de-gendered androgyny.
Authors: Woodhill Bobbi , Samuels Curtis
Published: January 2021

The last 45 years of gender research into the benefits of psychological androgyny have resulted in a mélange of results and the benefits of androgyny did not clearly emerge, if at all. The paucity of research on the androgyny hypothesis since the 1980’s would seem to confirm it became outdated. This raises the question did ambiguity surrounding gender and behavior bring the debate to an end? One is now required to ask whether or not the construct of androgyny as some mystical combination of masculine and feminine characteristics is any longer theoretically defensible, and could the study of sex and gender be challenged to offer a new theoretical framework from which a valid and robust concept of androgyny may be derived, and from which the androgyny hypothesis may be re-examined.
Combination of Polydopamine Coating and Plasma Pretreatment to Improve Bond Ability Between PEEK and Primary Teeth
Authors: Teng Rui , Meng Yuchen , Zhao Xiaodan , Liu Jie , Ding Rui , Cheng Yilong , Zhang Yunhe , Zhang Yanfeng , Pei Dandan , Li Ang
Published: January 2021

Preformed crowns are preferred to reduce the failure risk of restoration of primary teeth, but some drawback of conventional material is still a main barrier for their clinical use. Polyether etherketone (PEEK), a tooth colored, high-performance thermoplastic polymer, has been recognized as a promising alternative to manufacture the restoration of primary teeth. However, the hydrophobic surface and low surface energy of PEEK make it hard to establish a strong and durable adhesion. In this study, we have evaluated a modification method of polydopamine (PDA) coating with plasma pretreatment for the PEEK films by physical and chemical characterization, bonding properties, and biocompatibility. The surface properties of PEEK were well-characterized by scanning electron microscope (SEM) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The adhesive strength of the PEEK films was greatly improved without significant reduction of the proliferation rate of human gingival fibroblast cells in MTT and Live/Dead assays. Therefore, PDA coating with plasma pretreatment may give a new solution for effective clinical application of PEEK in primary performed crowns.
Designing and Immunomodulating Multiresponsive Nanomaterial for Cancer Theranostics
Authors: Khan Amreen , Dias Faith , Neekhra Suditi , Singh Barkha , Srivastava Rohit
Published: January 2021

Cancer has been widely investigated yet limited in its manifestation. Cancer treatment holds innovative and futuristic strategies considering high disease heterogeneity. Chemotherapy, radiotherapy and surgery are the most explored pillars; however optimal therapeutic window and patient compliance recruit constraints. Recently evolved immunotherapy demonstrates a vital role of the host immune system to prevent metastasis recurrence, still undesirable clinical response and autoimmune adverse effects remain unresolved. Overcoming these challenges, tunable biomaterials could effectively control the co-delivery of anticancer drugs and immunomodulators. Current status demands a potentially new approach for minimally invasive, synergistic, and combinatorial nano-biomaterial assisted targeted immune-based treatment including therapeutics, diagnosis and imaging. This review discusses the latest findings of engineering biomaterial with immunomodulating properties and implementing novel developments in designing versatile nanosystems for cancer theranostics. We explore the functionalization of nanoparticle for delivering antitumor therapeutic and diagnostic agents promoting immune response. Through understanding the efficacy of delivery system, we have enlightened the applicability of nanomaterials as immunomodulatory nanomedicine further advancing to preclinical and clinical trials. Future and present ongoing improvements in engineering biomaterial could result in generating better insight to deal with cancer through easily accessible immunological interventions.
Rapid Classification of Multilocus Sequence Subtype for Group B Streptococcus Based on MALDI-TOF Mass Spectrometry and Statistical Models
Authors: Huang Lianfen , Gao Kankan , Chen Guanglian , Zhong Huamin , Li Zixian , Guan Xiaoshan , Deng Qiulian , Xie Yongqiang , Ji Wenjing , McIver David J. , Chang Chien-Yi , Liu Haiying
Published: January 2021

Group B Streptococcus (GBS) is an important etiological agent of maternal and neonatal infections as well as postpartum women and individuals with impaired immunity. We developed and evaluated a rapid classification method for sequence types (STs) of GBS based on statistic models with Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption/Ionization Time-of Flight Mass Spectrometry (MALDI-TOF/MS). Whole-cell lysates MALDI-TOF/MS analysis was performed on 235 well-characterized GBS isolates from neonatal invasive infections in a multi-center study in China between 2015 and 2017. Mass spectra belonging to major STs (ST10, ST12, ST17, ST19, ST23) were selected for model generation and validation. Recognition and cross validation values were calculated by Genetic Algorithm-K Nearest Neighbor (GA-KNN), Supervised Neural Network (SNN), QuickClassifier (QC) to select models with the best performance for validation of diagnostic efficiency. Informative peaks were further screened through peak statistical analysis, ST subtyping MSP peak data and mass spectrum visualization. For major STs, the ML models generated by GA-KNN algorithms attained highest cross validation values in comparison to SNN and QC algorithms. GA-KNN models of ST10, ST17, and ST12/ST19 had good diagnostic efficiency, with high sensitivity (95–100%), specificity (91.46%–99.23%), accuracy (92.79–99.29%), positive prediction value (PPV, 80%–92.68%), negative prediction value (NPV, 94.32%–99.23%). Peak markers were firstly identified for ST10 (m/z 6250, 3125, 6891) and ST17 strains (m/z 2956, 5912, 7735, 5218). Statistical models for rapid GBS ST subtyping using MALDI-TOF/MS spectrometry contributes to easier epidemical molecular monitoring of GBS infection diseases.