bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The role of information sources and characteristics of children in the acceptance of Japanese encephalitis (JE) mass immunization in Bali Province
Authors: Suardani Nyoman , Wirawan Dewa Nyoman , Sawitri Anak Agung Sagung
Published: January 2024

Background and purpose: Japanese encephalitis (JE) is a public health issue that can be prevented by immunization programs. Indonesia began the JE immunization campaign in Bali through simultaneous immunization for children aged 9 months to 15 years. Although information dissemination has been carried out, knowledge, perceptions and characteristics of mother and child can influence the acceptance and uptake of immunization for children. This study aims to determine the factors that influence acceptance of JE mass immunization in Bali Province.

Methods: Secondary data analysis was performed on the results of the JE Supplementary Immunization Activities (SIA) Udayana University survey which consisted of 1,284 mothers and 2,107 children. The survey was conducted from June-August 2018 in nine districts/cities in Bali Province. The association between knowledge, perception and respondents’ characteristics with acceptance of JE mass immunization was analyzed with chi square test and multivariate analysis was conducted using logistic regression.

Results: The proportion of children who received immunization was 93.9% (95%CI: 92.8-94.9). The results of the bivariate analysis showed that there was a significant association between acceptance of JE mass immunization with the child’s age, sex, educational status, complete basic immunization history, mother’s perception of severity, benefits, barriers, knowledge and sources of information (p<0.05). Multivariate analysis shows that the variables which significantly increase JE mass immunization acceptance are information from a combination of media and face to face education (AOR=3.95; 95%CI: 2.01-7.77), schooling children (AOR=2.43; 95%CI: 1.23-4.79), living outside of Denpasar City (AOR=2.32; 95%CI: 1.49-3.62), children who have received complete basic immunization (AOR=2.22; 95%CI: 1.42-3.49), face to face information only (AOR=2.11; 95%CI: 1.21-3.70) and girls (AOR=1.68; 95%CI: 1.15-2.46).

Conclusion: Information disseminated via a combination of media and face to face is the strongest variable influencing JE mass immunization acceptance. Providing appropriate information through a combination of media and face to face education by health or non-health workers needs to be considered.
Pilot project on Global Youth Reproductive Health Program: Implementation in Denpasar City
Authors: Krismayanthi I Gusti Ayu Agung Putri , Januraga Pande Putu , Kurniati Desak Putu Yuli
Published: January 2024

Background and purpose: Premarital sexual relations in adolescents and early marriage tends to increase in Indonesia. One of the programs implemented in Indonesia to reduce these problems is the reproductive health program for adolescents in schools. The Youth World Spirit Module or called SEmangaT duniA RemajA (SETARA) is used as a tool for teaching and learning activities in pilot projects in several cities in Indonesia, including Denpasar. This study aims to determine the implementation of the program in Denpasar.
Methods: This study employed a qualitative approach conducted at junior high schools in Denpasar City. Data collection was carried out with six focus group discussions (FGDs) consisting of three FGDs with 20 students aged 13-15 years and three FGDs with 15 teachers who were appointed as a facilitator of the program. In addition, indepth interviews were also conducted with three junior high school principals. FGDs and in-depth interviews were recorded, transcribed and analysed thematically using the Miles and Huberman Technique.
Results: The study showed that the provision of the SETARA module was able to change the impression of taboo and broaden adolescent insights on reproductive health material. The implementation of this module is slightly different between schools due to differences in time allocation, number of activities in schools and the absence of standardised implementation guidelines. However, teachers and schools continue to support the implementation of this module.
Conclusion: This module is quite effective in providing information so as to eliminate the taboo impression from reproductive health material.
Perceived quality of primary healthcare services among the National Health Insurance members and fee for service patients in the West Denpasar II Public Health Center Bali, Indonesia
Authors: Nijyoti Nitya , Indrayathi Putu Ayu , Wirawan I Made Ady
Published: January 2024

Background and purpose: The Government of Indonesia established the National Health Insurance or in Indonesia called Jaminan Kesehatan Nasional (JKN) in 2014 with the target of achieving universal health coverage (UHC) by 2019. However, many have not become JKN participants and still use the fee for service financing system. The purpose of this study was to determine patient’s perceptions of the quality of health services under the JKN and fee for service payment methods.
Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted at West Denpasar II Public Health Centre (PHC) with 133 outpatient respondents who were selected sequentially. Data collection was carried out in June 2019 through interviews. Patients’ perceptions of service quality were measured according to the six domains of health service quality established by the Institute of Medicine (IOM) which include effectiveness, efficiency, timeliness, patient-centered approach, safety and equity. Bivariate analysis was conducted with Mann Whitney test and multivariate analysis with Ancova.
Results: Patients’ perceptions of the quality of services in the JKN and fee for service payment methods were found to be quite good with an average of 3.08 and 3.17 of the maximum value of 4.0. Bivariate analysis showed a significant difference with a mean rank of 54.28 for JKN and 79.16 for fee for service (p<0.01). Patients’ perceptions of service quality also differed significantly based on the dimensions of efficiency (p=0.001), effectiveness (p=0.005), timeliness (p=0.007) and patient-centered approach (p=0.032). Multivariate analysis showed that the variable that was significantly related to patient perceptions of service quality was the payment methods (p<0.001).
Conclusion: Patients with a fee for service payment methods have a better perception of service quality than patients who use JKN. Advocacy to policy makers and service providers should be conducted in order to ensure the equal quality of service for all patients.
The roles of private practice midwives in Prevention of Mother-To-Child Transmission Program (PMTCT) in Bali Province, Indonesia
Authors: Dwipayana I Ketut , Januraga Pande Putu , Kurniasari Ni Made Dian
Published: January 2024

Background and purpose: Mother-to-child transmission of HIV has been one of the problems in HIV prevention. In Indonesia, private practice midwives (PPM) play an important role in maternal and child health services. The roles of PPM in HIV vertical transmission prevention through PMTCT have not yet clearly understood. This research aims to analyse the roles of PPM in Bali Province in the PMTCT program as well as the PPM’s characteristics, knowledge, and attitudes about the program.
Methods: This study was a descriptive cross-sectional survey, conducted from March to May 2020. The study population was PPM in Bali Province. The samples obtained were 404 out of a total of 1,736 PPM (23% response rate). The variables studied included socio-demographic characteristics, services and resources characteristics, knowledge, attitudes, and the role of PPM in four PMTCT prongs. Data was collected via self-filled online questionnaires distributed through Indonesian Midwives Associations branches in every district/city in Bali Province. Data were analysed descriptively and differences in roles in PMTCT were analysed using the chi-square test.
Results: Of the 404 PPM, 66.1% served childbirth (deliveries), 25.4% had served HIV-positive women, and 18.3% had served HIV-positive pregnant women. As many as 95.5% of PPM played a good role in prong 1, and 99.0% of PPM, who had served HIV positive patients, played a good role in prong 2, 3 and 4. Statistically significant determinants for good implementation of prong 1 of PMTCT by the PPM were indicated by ownership or access to PMTCT information media (p=0.026), experience of serving HIV positive women (p<0.00), and having served higher number of PMTCT patients (p=0.019).
Conclusion: The PPM in Bali Province has played a good role inPMTCT, with a significant difference for good PMTCT implementation in prong 1 determined by the availability of information media, a history of serving HIV-positive women, and the number of PMTCT patients who have been served.
Implementation of six patient safety goals at a public health centre with in-patient services in Bali, Indonesia: A qualitative case study
Authors: Gunawan I Made Abdi , Wirawan I Made Ady , Lubis Dinar Saurmauli
Published: January 2024

Background and purpose: The Indonesian government requires all health care facilities including public health centres (PHCs) to implement a patient safety program as part of the accreditation standard process. The implementation of patient safety in PHCs have faced various problems, including human resources and infrastructure issues. This study aims to explore the implementation of patient safety target procedures in an accredited inpatient PHC in Tabanan District, Bali, Indonesia.Methods: We conducted a qualitative case study that adopts four main domains in patient safety, consisting of executive officers, community or patient who received services, systems in service delivery and methods, and elements in each domain. The research location was at Penebel I PHC, an inpatient PHC with the accreditation status of “utama”. Data collection was carried out from March to April 2020. It includes observation of the patient safety implementation, review on tracking patient safety documents and in-depth interviews with 11 informants who are PHC staff, patients’ safety task force and the family of patients. The data were analysed using thematic analysis by creating a grid of themes, sub-themes and data reduction to narrative presentation. Results:The patient safety procedure in Penebel I PHC has been carried out through the standard and procedure according to the Ministry of Health (MoH) regulation which consist of patient identification; communication between staff and patients; maintain the safety of High Alert and Look Alike Sound Alike (LASA) medications. However, there is a need to improve the capacity of implementing officers to increase their communication competencies as well as to enhance cooperation between officers in health services to avoid patient safety incidents. Conclusion:The implementation of six patient safety goals in-corporate through four main domains of health care services has been running according to the MoH’s standard. There is a need to improve the competence of officers, cooperation between officers in carrying out patient safety management and improve communication between officers and patients so that the information conveyed by officers is truly understood by patients.
Level of knowledge and workload are associated with nurse’s adherence in implementing fall prevention procedures at Tabanan District Hospital, Bali
Authors: Sulawa I Ketut , Wirawan Made Ady , Putri Wayan Citra Wulan Sucipta
Published: January 2024

Background and purpose:Fall prevention is an essential part of patient safety system. At Tabanan District Hospital (BRSUD Tabanan), incidence of falling among patients is still happening. This study aims to determine the relationship between level of knowledge and workload of nurses with compliance in implementing standard operational procedures (SOP) to prevent the risk of falling in the inpatient rooms at Tabanan District Hospital. Methods: This study was a cross-sectional survey. The sample size was 75 nurses in the inpatient room at BRSUD Tabanan. Data collection was carried out in the period of December 2, 2019 - January 2, 2020 which included 1). direct interviews to obtain data on characteristics, the level of knowledge and workload of nurses, 2). observations of nurses’ adherence in the implementation of standard operational procedures to prevent the risk of falling patients. Data analysis was performed by univariate, bivariate with chi-square test and multivariate analysis with logistic regression. Results: Most of the respondents were ≤40 years old (86.7%), female (72%), length of working ≤10 years (81.4%), education level of bachelor in nursing (65.4%). Two third of the respondents have a good level of knowledge (66.7%), with medium workload (26.7%) and heavy workload (73.3%). Most of the respondents (70.7%) adhere to the implementation of standard operating procedures to prevent the risk of falling patients. Variables associated with the compliance to SOP are age (AOR=5.35; 95%CI: 1.230-23.259; p=0.025), level of knowledge (AOR=6.409; 95%CI: 1.720-23.873; p=0.006), and workload (AOR=0.076; 95%CI: 0.17-0.339; p=0.001), where the workload variable has a negative relationship with nurse compliance (AOR<1). Conclusion: The conclusion of this study is that there is a relationship between the level of knowledge and workload on nurses’ compliance in implementing standard operational procedures to prevent the risk of falling patients
Knowledge about sources and benefits of vitamin D among high school students in Bandung, Indonesia
Authors: Gisrianti, Reina Syafira , Dewi Vycke Yunivita , Sahiratmadja Edhyana
Published: January 2024

Background and purpose: Indonesia is a tropical country, located through the equator line which is abundantly exposed with sun. However, vitamin D deficiency among population in Indonesia is common. To increase optimal vitamin D intake, knowledge on vitamin D and the role of sun exposure early in the adolescence period is imperative. This study aims to explore the knowledge of high school students about the sources and benefits of vitamin D.
Methods: This was a quantitative analytical study with a cross-sectional design using survey method, conducted in 2019. A public madrasah high school in Bandung, Indonesia, was selected using convenience sampling. A validated questionnaire was distributed to students aged 16-18 years old, containing of two parts about sources of vitamin D (10 questions) and its benefits (4 questions).
Results: In total, 198 high school students participated in the study, majoring in Natural Sciences (55.6%) and Social Sciences (44.4%), of whom 76.3% were females. The proportion of students who answered correctly about vitamin D was 72.8%, whereas 61.9% had correct answers about the sources of vitamin D and 83.8% about its benefits. Female students had significantly higher score compared to males (p<0.001). Interestingly, the Natural Science students had no significant higher score compared to Social Science students (p=0.227).
Conclusion: The knowledge about the source of vitamin D and its benefit among female high school students is significantly better than males, thus, special attention to male students is needed. There is a trend, although not significant, that the knowledge of students majoring in the Natural Sciences is higher compared to the Social Sciences. This study suggests the need of an integrative health education and outdoor activities, as well as a better nutrition program, focusing especially on male students and the Social Sciences class.Keywords: knowledge, vitamin D, health education, sun.
Overweight is associated with low fitness level among regional government employees in Denpasar City
Authors: Puspitasari Kadek Dina , Widarini Ni Putu
Published: January 2024

Background and purpose: Time spent on sedentary work is a potential risk factor of nutritional problems among employees, which could lead to a low level of fitness. This study aims to determine the correlation between nutritional status with fitness level among government employees of Denpasar City.
Methods: This is an analytic observational study with a cross-sectional design. The samples of this study are 285 government employees in Denpasar City who had taken a physical fitness measurement test using the Rockport method and complete demographic data. Data on fitness level, nutritional status, age, gender, and pulse rate were included in the analysis using a multinomial logistic regression test.
Results:The median age of employees are 47 years old and slightly more females (51.6%) than males. More than half of the employees had a low level of fitness (50.9%) and most were overweight (47%). The overweight group was 4.11 times more likely to have a low fitness level than the healthy weight group (RRR=4.11; 95%CI: 1.03-16.32).
Conclusion: There is a significant relationship between nutritional status and fitness level after gender, age, and pulse rate were controlled. Therefore, it is necessary to maintain a normal nutritional status to maintain or enhance individual fitness level by routinely following regular sports activities that have been programmed and do stretching in between working hours.
The impact of hospital accreditation on patient safety culture in the health services implementation at Sanglah General Hospital, Bali
Authors: Indrayani Putu May , Januraga Pande Putu , Negara Surya
Published: January 2024

Background and purpose: Hospital accreditation is carried out to evaluate hospitals’ performance in providing patients with excellent and safe health services. One aspect of service quality is patient safety culture. This study aims to determine the impact of hospital accreditation on patient safety culture in health service implementation at the Sanglah General Hospital in Denpasar City, Bali Province.
Methods:This study used a qualitative research design. In-depth interviews were conducted to 11 informants consisting of hospital management, clinicians and nurses which were chosen purposively since they were directly related to the assessment and supervision of health service providers at Sanglah Hospital. The interview guide was based on the Modified Manchester Patient Safety Framework (MaPSaF). Data were analyzed with a thematic approach.
Results: The interview results show that the ten dimensions of patient safety culture had been implemented well but still need to be improved in the dimensions of giving priority to safety, system errors and responsibilities, recording incidents and best practices, learning and influencing change, also education and training of staff and teamwork. The maturity level of patient safety culture at Sanglah Hospital is at generative culture in four dimensions and at proactive culture on the six dimensions of patient safety culture.
Conclusion: Accreditation had a positive impact on the maturity level of patient safety culture at a proactive level, mainly changes in knowledge, attitudes, and behavior in health service providers. However, in its implementation, there were still constrained on infrastructure, time, and energy.
Willingness to pay for dengue vaccine among parents of elementary school students in Denpasar
Authors: Indraswari Ni Luh Astri , Wirawan Dewa Nyoman , Kardiwinata, Made Pasek , Januraga Pande Putu
Published: January 2024

Background and purpose: The incidence of Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever (DHF) in Bali, especially in Denpasar, remains high. Efforts to eradicate mosquito nests have been carried out but did not give a significant reduction in the incidence number. The dengue vaccine is now available and can be a way of prevention. The dengue vaccine has not been included in the mandatory immunization program by the government so people who want to get vaccinated have to pay for it by themselves. This study aims to determine the relationship between socio-demographic factors and perceptions with the willingness to pay for the dengue vaccine among parents of elementary school students in Denpasar.
Methods: This study used a cross sectional design involving 100 mothers of students from grade 3 to grade 6 at Dauh Puri 5 Elementary School and Dauh Puri 6 Elementary School who were selected with systematic random sampling. Data collected included education level, income, respondents’ perceptions and willingness to pay for dengue vaccine. Data were collected by interview using a questionnaire, the results were analyzed using a multivariate logistic regression.
Results: The average willingness of parents to pay for the dengue vaccine per dose was IDR 131,170. Percentage of respondents who were willing to pay for the dengue vaccine was 31%. The results of analysis showed that variables associated with parents’ willingness to pay for the dengue vaccine were education level (OR=4.06; 95%CI: 1.19-13.76), perceived susceptibility (OR=1.59; 95%CI: 0.58-4.37) and perceived benefits (OR=2.60; 95%CI: 1.00-6.81).
Conclusion: Parents’ willingness to pay for the dengue vaccine remains very low compared to the current price of vaccine per dose. The government needs to provide subsidies so that the dengue vaccine can be included in the national immunization program and be accessed by all people. Further research is needed with a broader scope and more varied population’s characteristics to obtain a willingness to pay value that can represent society in general.
Synergizing early detection and comprehensive mandatory notification to improve Tuberculosis case finding through public private mix
Authors: Artawan Eka Putra I Wayan Gede
Published: January 2024

Tuberculosis (TB) is a priority health problem in Indonesia. Incidence rate estimation for TB in 2020 was 301 per 100,000 population or 824,000 new cases per year which is the third highest worldwide. The Corona Virus Disease (COVID-19) Pandemic has caused decreasing performance of TB control program globally, including Indonesia. The treatment coverage was declined from 67% in 2019 to 48% in 2020 and 54% in 2021, far behind the 80% target. This fact signifies that around a half of people with TB in Indonesia are overlooked, which is estimated to be accounted for over 400,000 cases.  Another TB Program’s main indicator, treatment success rate at 86%, remains below the target of 90%. Low achievement of the two main indicators may result in the increasing of TB transmission, morbidity and mortality in population. Besides, Indonesia also faces the triple burden of TB, high prevalence of drug resistance TB and coinfection of TB and HIV
Self-Efficacy of nurses in COVID-19 isolation room of Sanglah Hospital, Denpasar
Authors: Pande Rai Dewi Damayanthi , Lubis Dinar Saurmauli , Lesmana Cokorda Bagus Jaya
Published: January 2024

Background and purpose: Nurses' self-efficacy during the pandemic is different from their self-efficacy before the pandemic. Managing self-efficacy is one way to support nurses' mental well-being and resilience. This study aims to describe and determine factors related to nurses' self-efficacy in the COVID-19 Isolation Room of Sanglah Hospital, Denpasar, Bali Province.
Methods: This is a mixed-methods study with a sequential explanatory design. In the first stage, a cross-sectional survey was conducted with a questionnaire in 132 nurses selected with total sampling. Statistical analysis was carried out using Chi-Square Test and Fisher's Exact Test at a 95% confidence level, to identify a relationship between nurses’ characteristics and sources of self-efficacy with their self-efficacy levels. Subsequently, qualitative in-depth interviews were conducted with 12 informants selected by purposive sampling. Qualitative data were analyzed using thematic analysis.
Results: In the quantitative study, it was found that there was no relationship between the characteristics of nurses (age, gender, education level, years of service and training) and the level of self-efficacy (p>0.05). Meanwhile, the sources of efficacy (mastery experience, vicarious experience, social persuasion, physiological and emotional conditions) were found significantly associated with the level of self-efficacy (p<0.05). The qualitative study found that matters in line with these results, and other variables related to self-efficacy were personal, organizational, and external variables.
Conclusion: Sources of self-efficacy that nurses can utilize, as well as opportunities and support provided by nurse leaders, developed self-efficacy in treating COVID-19 patients. It is necessary to increase the significance of sources of self-efficacy, personal variables, and organizational support to increase self-efficacy.
Descriptive epidemiology of COVID-19 in Palembang, Indonesia
Authors: Najmah  , Setiawan Yudhi , Yeni  , Nurhaliza Marisa , Azzahra Hafiza , Yunara Yulia , Rosyada Amrina , Fauzia  , Fenty Aprina  , Misnaniarti
Published: January 2024

Background and purpose: Indonesia ranks the first highest mortality rate of COVID-19 in Southeast Asia with an average case fatality rate (CFR) of 2.7%. South Sumatra is ranked 14th out of 34 provinces in Indonesia, with a CFR value related to COVID-19 reaching 5.1%, per June 21, 2021. This study aims to determine the descriptive epidemiology of COVID-19 in Palembang City.

Methods: This research used a descriptive epidemiology approach and spatial analysis with the geographic information system. Then the secondary data were collected from the Palembang City Surveillance Report from March 2020 to February 2021 with a total of 7,423 cases, as well as geographic data on the coordinates of health services for all hospitals and public health centers (PHCs) in Palembang City.

Results: The data shows that the age group of 25 to 39 years old dominated the COVID-19 cases. The morbidity and mortality rates in men was higher than women, and much higher at the age of above 60 years old. The most dominant symptom in the deceased COVID-19 patients was shortness of breath and the comorbid history increased the risk of death for patients with COVID-19. The highest number of confirmed cases of COVID-19 was found in the sub-district with the highest population, including the PHC of Padang Selasa, Ilir Barat I (393 patients), while the lowest number of cases was reported in Karyajaya PHC, Kertapati (7 patients).

Conclusion:This study highlights the need in preventing mature deaths of COVID-19 patients by prioritizing elderlies who suffered from comorbidities at the family level and health services to support the government programs.
Factors associated with utilization of posyandu lansia in Indonesia: an analysis of nationwide survey data
Authors: Trisfayeti Ica Hervita , Idris Haerawati
Published: January 2024

Background and purpose: The proportion of the older population in the world is increasing, including in Indonesia. The elderlies tend to be more susceptible to infectious diseases and chronic diseases due to decreased anatomical and physiological functions. A model of health services for the elderlies in Indonesia is called posyandu lansia (integrated health village posts for older adults). This study aims to analyse the determinants of the use of health village posts among older adults in Indonesia.

Methods: This study is a secondary data analysis of the 2014 Indonesian Family Life Survey (IFLS-5) data . The study samples included 4,366 respondents at the age of 50 years and over. The dependent variable is utilization of posyandu lansia and the independent variables consist of age, gender, level of education, work status and activity of daily living. Data analysis was performed using univariate, bivariate and multivariate analysis. 

Results: The study results show that the utilization of posyandu lansia was 5.1%. Age ≥60 years, female gender, secondary education, unemployment, region, location, activity of daily living, nutritional status of fat and thin, acute morbidity, and a history of chronic disease have a significant relationship with the utilization of posyandu lansia in Indonesia (p<0.05). Females were 3.097 times more likely to utilize posyandu lansia (95%CI: 2.464-3.891) than males.

Conclusion: Women are more likely to use the posyandu lansia than men. The government should increase the effort to expand coverage of posyandu lansia utilization especially among males.
Nutrition assistance of breastfeeding and complementary feeding associated with the linier growth of stunted children aged 6-24 months
Authors: Simbolon Demsa , Ludji Ina Deborah , Rahyani Yuni
Published: January 2024

Background and purpose: Age 6-24 months is a critical period for experiencing nutrition and health problems, especially among children who are stunted. Stunting children need to recover their nutritional status through appropriate interventions to be able to pursue their growth. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of nutrition assistance on breastfeeding and complementary feeding on the length growth of children aged 6-24 with stunting.

Methods: This was a quasi-experimental study. A sample of 60 intervention and 60 control groups were divided into North Bengkulu District and Timor Tengah Selatan (TTS) District. Nutrition assistance for 6 months (July-November 2019) was carried out by 10 trained cadres. Each cadre is responsible for 6 stunted children aged 6-24 months (3 children received assistance and 3 children with standard services from the public health center). Data analysis uses independent t-test and dependent t-test after passing the homogeneity test phase of the proportion of sample characteristics and normality of the data.

Results: We found that assistance for breastfeeding and complementary feeding for mothers with stunting children aged 6-24 months was effective in increasing the growth of the child's body length. As many as 53.3% of stunted children in North Bengkulu District and 36.7% in TTS District showed growth after nutrition assistance.  

Conclusion: It is recommended that the implementation of a nutrition assistance model be accompanied by continuous family and community empowerment in the recovery of nutritional status, especially in families with stunted children aged 6-24 months.
Spatial Distribution of Dengue and Forecasting in South Denpasar, Bali Province, Indonesia
Authors: Purnama Sang Gede , Subrata Made , Kardiwinata Pasek , Sudarmaja Made
Published: January 2024

Background and purpose: The incidence of dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF) in Bali continues to increase. A new strategy is required to control dengue in Bali. The purpose of the study is to conduct spatial mapping with a geographic information system to help determine the distribution pattern and areas at risk of DHF and to predict increasing vector density and dengue cases.

Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in the South Denpasar Public Health Center service area from January to June 2020. It was conducted in 3 villages, including Kelurahan Sesetan (3,446 households), Sidakarya Village (2,859 households), and Kelurahan Panjer (2,907 households). A total of 191 cases of DHF were recorded during the study period. Results:  Calculation of the spatial analysis of the Average Nearest Neighbor (AAN) with the value of Z score=-8.03 show a spatial pattern of the distribution of DHF cases. AAN value of 0.69 (<1) means that the pattern of spread of DHF incidence is clustered. Time series forecasting by modeling using the Autoregressive Moving Average (ARIMA) and Double Exponential Smoothing Method Routine shows that larva control efforts are predicted to affect the number of dengue cases. The pattern of the spatial distribution of cases occurs in clusters.

Conclusion: There is a spatial relationship with population density. It is predicted that routine larvae control will reduce dengue cases.
Water Ambulance Service Provision to Improve Healthcare Access for Community in Nusa Penida Island, Bali: A Qualitative Feasibility Study
Authors: Aryani Putu , Harjana Ngakan Putu Anom , Januraga Pande Putu , Kurnianingsih Desak Ketut Dewi Satiawati , Wirawan Gede Benny Setia , Swapatni Ni Made Adi , Wibawa I Komang Gede Sentanu
Published: January 2024

Background and purpose: An important component of healthcare access is transportation. Lack of transportation has been cited as an important barrier to healthcare access in remote islands region. Here we conduct a feasibility study on the implementation of water ambulance service to improve healthcare access in the region of Nusa Penida and its surrounding islands in Bali Province, Indonesia.
Methods:  We employed a qualitative approach with interviews and focused group discussions with stakeholders. Data collection was conducted to assess the feasibility of operating water ambulance services, based on a framework that included technical, market, organizational, and financial feasibilities. Inductive coding was conducted and data was analyzed to evaluate the feasibility based on local capacity against pre-determined framework of assessment based in literature.
Results: Qualitative interviews revealed perceived urgency and need for water ambulance service among stakeholders. They also perceive the need of water ambulance service was not mutually exclusive to other alternatives, such as expanding healthcare capacity on the islands. There was also readiness and adequate capacity from stakeholders which include a dedicated health emergency services under the health office that coordinate ambulance service in the region, readiness to create dedicated medical team and boat crew to operate water ambulance services, and readiness to cover the cost of initial procurement followed by operational costs which may include public-private partnerships.
Conclusion: There was a strong perceived need for water ambulance service in Nusa Penida Islands. At the same time, local stakeholders revealed adequate basic capacity to feasibly operate water ambulance services according to benchmarks identified in literature review.
The effectiveness of laughter yoga to improve sleep quality in cancer patients during COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Werdani Yesiana Dwi Wahyu
Published: January 2024

Background and purpose: The COVID-19 pandemic triggered a high-stress situation and disrupted sleep quality in cancer patients. Laughter yoga is a method that suggested to improve sleep quality. The purpose of this study was to assess the effectiveness of laughter yoga to improve sleep quality of cancer patients during the pandemic.

Methods: This was a quasi-experimental design with a non-equivalent control group approach. The study was conducted at the Indonesian Cancer Foundation, East Java Surabaya branch, in June 202, involved 20 people in each intervention and control group. The instrument used was Pittsburg Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), with lower scores reflect better sleep quality. Laughter yoga intervention was given to the intervention group for four weeks, twice a week, and 20 minutes each meeting while the control group performed daily routine activities. Data was analysed with Paired t-test for pre and post intervention, and Independent Sample t-test for comparing both groups.

Results: The intervention group shows a decrease in the global PSQI score (from 10.15+2.18 to 7.55+1.87) with p< 0.001, while in control group, there was an increased score (from 10.05+1.46 to 10.10+1.44) with p=0.841. The intervention group showed a decrease in the average score on the global and all of the components PSQI score, indicating a better sleep quality. Meanwhile, in the control group, the average global sleep quality score almost the same, and no significant decrease in all components. Laughter yoga was effective in improving the sleep quality of cancer patients during the pandemic.

Conclusion: Laughter yoga is effective to improve sleep quality. This technique can be routinely practice to improve relaxation and stimulate improvements in sleep quality in all components.
Intensive Modes of Study and the Need to Focus on the Process of Learning in Higher Education
Authors: Lodge Jason M. , Ashford-Rowe Kevin
Published: January 2024

In the context of a constantly evolving international higher education sector, this commentary emphasises the need for consilience between basic research on learning processes and observations from intensive modes of study. Following a discussion of conflicting evidence on optimal learning time frames, we advocate for seeking alignment between classroom practices with underlying learning mechanisms. We argue for a unified understanding of effective learning beyond notions of the credit point hour or volume of learning, focusing on processes rather than mere inputs and outputs. A collaborative approach between researchers, educators, and policymakers aiming for consilience has the potential to provide practical insights and strategies to enhance student learning and success. Understanding the mechanisms beneath the impact of intensive modes of study, as outlined in this special issue, has the potential to advance the conversation about quality higher education for the 21st century.
Penggunaan Sistem Hidroponik sebagai Alternatif Optimalisasi Budidaya Sayuran Organik: Studi Kasus Desa Tanjung Hutan
Authors: Zulgani  , Hastuti Dwi , Junaidi  , Parmadi  , Rafiqi  , Hardiani
Published: January 2024

Artikel ini bertujuan untuk memperkenalkan dan mendorong pemberdayaan hidroponik sebagai alternatif optimalisasi budidaya sayuran organik. Pemberdayaan hidroponik yang telah dilakukan memiliki beberapa tujuan, yaitu: 1) Pertumbuhan dan hasil panen yang optimal untuk sayuran organik, 2) Mempromosikan hidroponik sebagai alternatif budidaya sayuran organik dengan teknik pengendalian hama dan penyakit yang efektif dan ramah lingkungan, 3) Pengembangan teknik pengelolaan air dan energi yang efisien, seperti penggunaan sistem daur ulang air dan teknologi penghematan energi, 4) Pengembangan program pemberdayaan yang menyediakan pengetahuan dan keterampilan tentang budidaya hidroponik organik, termasuk aspek teknis, manajemen, dan keberlanjutan. Dengan adanya pemberdayaan hidroponik, diharapkan masyarakat Desa Tanjung Hutan dapat meningkatkan ketersediaan sayuran organic, mengurangi ketergantungan pada bahan kimia sintesis, serta memberikan manfaat ekonomi melalui peluang kerja dan usaha baru. Selain itu, optimalisasi budidaya sayuran organik memiliki potensi besar dalam memenuhi kebutuhan pangan organik yang berkualitas tinggi dan berkelanjutan.
Memoria e preformazione: analogia tra processo cognitivo e metamorfosi del vivente nel pensiero di Leibniz
Authors: Lenner Leonardo
Published: January 2024

It is well known how Leibniz turned his attention to a large number of domains in an attempt to demonstrate the universal interconnectedness of things. This essay aims to show the relationship between two areas of knowledge studied by Leibniz: gnoseology and biology. In particular, there is a close correspondence between the doctrine of innate ideas and that of the organism. The former are in fact understood as the constitutive elements of a layered mind and can be brought to consciousness through reminiscence. In contrast to the Platonic tradition, innate ideas are not the trace of notions acquired in previous lives, but are the result of a metamorphosis of living organisms. This consideration leads precisely to the Leibniz’s conception of the organism, influenced by the contemporary microscopic observation of van Leeuwenhoek and Malpighi and by the discovery of ‘spermatic animals'. In this sense, the idea of a pre-formed organism, subject to growth and contraction, is analogous to the peculiar conception of memory as a constitutive pre-configuration of the mind.
Addio a Felice Besostri
Authors: Astengo Franco
Published: January 2024

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Strategi Pengembangan Program Studi Komunikasi Penyiaran Islam Melalui Inovasi Kurikulum
Authors: Baidowi Ach. , Kuncoro Irfan , Riadi Ahsan
Published: January 2024

The aim of the research is to explain the strategy for developing an Islamic broadcasting communication study program. Qualitative research method through literature study. Data collection techniques with documentation and data processing with data reduction and presentation. Research results: strategies for developing the Islamic communication and broadcasting curriculum: sending professional da'wah personnel to remote areas, sending students to Islamic boarding schools to prepare professional da'wah personnel, assigning students to manage radio as a medium for da'wah, strengthening courses that lead to the Islamic broadcasting communication study program, core communication science, especially material on journalism and broadcasting, a plus da'wah-based curriculum and a balanced portion of the curriculum between theory, practice, Indonesian national qualification framework, curriculum concentration on journalism, broadcasting, public relations, plus competency in the field of counseling based on an Islamic world-view, communication technology competency and competence in managing mass media.
Entropy and Negativity
Authors: Sandnes Haukedal Rasmus , Mylonas Nikolaos
Published: January 2024

Entropy, often defined negatively as disorder or randomness within a system, is vital for organisation while also posing a threat to cyclical reproduction. Entropy is not equivalent to disorganisation, but rather a source of creativity at the local level, even if the tendency towards entropy persists globally. In this article, we build upon Bernard Stiegler’s understanding of entropy, and argue that the interplay of entropy and anti-entropy can be comprehended through Hegel’s notion of negativity, and draw upon the organisational approach to biological systems, which introduces anti-entropy as akin to organisation. Thus, we address Stiegler’s lopsided criticisms of dialectical accounts and argue that the interplay between entropy and anti-entropy is inherently dialectical. We also employ the concept of habit to understand the dialectic of entropy and anti-entropy in the life of organisms, and the delicate balance between stability and plasticity that must be upheld for the thriving of both organisms and their environments.
On the practice of applying the rules on liability for crimes against public safety involving the public dissemination of deliberately false information (including through information and telecommunication networks)
Authors: Емельянова Е.В. , Летёлкин Н.В. , Пшеничнов И.М.
Published: January 2024

Авторами проанализирована практика применения уголовно-правовых норм об ответственности за преступления против общественной безопасности Российской Федерации, сопряженные с публичным распространением заведомо ложной информации, предложена авторская классификация способов совершения таких деяний. Кроме того, в контексте публикации выявлены некоторые организационно-тактические проблемы, возникающие при производстве по уголовным делам рассматриваемой категории, и предложены возможные пути их решения.

The authors analyzed the practice of applying criminal law norms on liability for crimes against public safety of the Russian Federation associated with the public dissemination of knowingly false information, and proposed the author's classification of methods for committing such acts. In addition, in the context of the publication, some organizational and tactical problems that arise in criminal proceedings of this category are identified, and possible ways to solve them are proposed.
Diagnostic Test Performances for Identifying Periprosthetic Joint Infection in Hip Hemiarthroplasty
Authors: Salimy Mehdi S. , Humphrey Tyler J. , Egan Cameron R. , Alpaugh Kyle , Bedair Hany S. , Melnic Christopher M.
Published: January 2024

Introduction:

Periprosthetic joint infection (PJI) is a devastating complication of hip hemiarthroplasty (HHA) that is not well-represented in the literature. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate diagnostic markers for identifying PJI in patients after HHA and compare them with the most recent 2018 International Consensus Meeting on Musculoskeletal Infection criteria.

Methods:

A total of 98 patients (64 PJIs, 65.3%) were analyzed. Patients were identified by relevant Current Procedural Terminology and International Classification of Diseases-9/10 codes from 2000 to 2021 across a single healthcare system. Preoperative or intraoperative synovial fluid nucleated cell (NC) count, synovial polymorphonuclear (PMN) percentage, serum erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), serum C-reactive protein (CRP), and serum white blood cell count were compared with Student t-test between aseptic and septic cohorts. Diagnostic utility and laboratory cutoff values were determined using receiver-operating characteristic curves and Youden index, respectively.

Results:

Mean values were significantly higher in the septic cohort for synovial NC count (120,992.2 versus 1,498.0 cells/μL, P < 0.001), synovial PMN percentage (91.3% versus 56.2%, P < 0.001), serum ESR (75.6 versus 36.3 mm/hr, P < 0.001), serum CRP (20.2 versus 125.8 mg/L, P < 0.001), and serum white blood cell count (8.5 versus 11.5 cells/μL, P < 0.001). Synovial NC count, synovial PMN percentage, and serum CRP had excellent PJI discriminatory ability with an area under the curve of 0.99, 0.90, and 0.93, respectively. Optimal cutoffs were 2,700 cells/μL for synovial NC count (100% sensitivity and 94% specificity), 81.0% for synovial PMN percentage (96% sensitivity and 89% specificity), 52.0 mm/hr for serum ESR (75% sensitivity and 80% specificity), and 40.0 mg/L for serum CRP (85% sensitivity and 92% specificity).

Conclusion:

Our findings support the continued use of routine serum and synovial fluid tests for diagnosing PJI in HHA patients. Optimal cutoff values for both synovial fluid biomarkers were very close in alignment with the 2018 International Consensus Meeting criteria.

Level of evidence:

Level III, retrospective comparative study.
TO DISTRIBUTE THE ABNORMAL EVENT USING CM-DDS ALGORITHM, WITH SECURELY USING RSA RSA-IVDE ALGORITHM
Authors: Archana Kande , Prasad V
Published: January 2024

Automating the secure distribution and storage of video data addresses inefficiencies in manual processes. The emphasis on secure distributed storage aligns with the increasing importance of safeguarding video data. Traditional approaches in distributed video data storage face limitations, like lack of scalability, privacy challenges in surveillance systems and suboptimal storage efficiency. This research addresses the existing limitations in distributed storage for video data by proposing a Central Moment-Driven Distributed Structure (CM-DDS) and an incremental RSA-driven Incremental Video Data Encryption (RSA-IVDE) method. The framework optimizes video data distribution across nodes, enhancing redundancy and fault tolerance for continuous data availability, even in the event of node failures. Emphasizing simplicity and accessibility, the user-friendly interface facilitates efficient management of large video datasets across various applications, including social networks, video games, surveillance and transportation networks. This comprehensive approach aims to provide a robust solution for secure distributed storage and transmission of video data while addressing the challenges identified in the existing research. The proposed approach surpasses other traditional methods with minimal decryption mean time (0.208s), minimal encryption mean time (0.182s) and minimal distribution mean time (1.620s).