bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Tunable high-Q resonator by general impedance converter
Authors: Mifune Toshiro , Mishonov Todor M. , Serafimov Nikola S. , Dimitrova Iglika M. , Popeski-Dimovski Riste , Velkoska Leonora , Petkov Emil G. , Varonov Albert M. , Barone Alberto
Published: February 2021

A tunable high-Q resonator is performed in the schematics of the General Impedance Converter (GIC). In the framework of frequency dependent open-loop gain of operational amplifiers, a general formula of the frequency dependence of the impedance of GIC is derived. The explicit formulas for the resonance frequency and Q-factor include as an immanent parameter the crossover frequency of the operational amplifier. Voltage measurements of GIC with a lock-in amplifier perfectly agree with the derived formulas.
General Landau theory of non-symmetry-breaking and symmetry-breaking spin transition materials
Authors: Azzolina Giovanni , Bertoni Roman , Collet Eric
Published: February 2021

Spin-transition materials, including the families of spin-crossover and charge-transfer systems, and more generally molecular-based materials exhibiting electronic and/or structural bistability, may undergo various types of phase transitions. The change of electronic state is stabilized by molecular reorganizations and both phenomena, which are usually non-symmetry breaking, can be described through the evolution of an order parameter q. Due to symmetry, q linearly couples to volume change. It is known that such elastic interactions are responsible for cooperative phenomena in non-symmetry-breaking spin-transitions. However, spin-transition materials may also exhibit symmetry-breaking phenomena related to various types of orders such as structural order as well as spin-state concentration waves. The universal framework of the Landau theory of phase transition is relevant for describing such ordering processes through the evolution of a symmetry-breaking order parameter η. The simultaneous or sequential occurrence of spin-transition and symmetry-breaking phenomena are reported for numerous spin-transition materials, and the coupling between these two types of instabilities is responsible for the emergence of various types of functions. In this work, we use the Landau approach to describe both symmetry-breaking phenomena and non-symmetry-breaking spin transition. We discuss how their coupling can generate sequences of phase transitions, from simple spin-crossover to spin-transition, continuous or discontinuous symmetry breaking, including ferroelasticity or stepwise spin transitions.
Charge trapping at Fe due to midgap levels in Ga2O3
Authors: Bhandari Suman , Zvanut M. E.
Published: February 2021

Fe acts as an electron trap in gallium oxide (Ga2O3), thereby producing a semi-insulating material that can be used in device fabrication. However, such trapping can lead to negative effects when Fe is unintentionally incorporated into bulk crystals or thin films. In this work, photoinduced electron paramagnetic resonance (photo-EPR) is used to investigate carrier capture at Fe in β-Ga2O3. Two crystals doped with 8 × 1017 cm−3 and 5 × 1018 cm−3 Fe and one Mg-doped crystal containing 7 × 1016 cm−3 unintentional Fe are studied by illuminating with LEDs of photon energies 0.7–4.7 eV. Steady state photo-EPR results show that electrons excited from Ir, an unintentional impurity in bulk crystals, are trapped at Fe during illumination with photon energy greater than 2 eV. Significantly, however, trapping at Fe also occurs in the crystals where Ir does not participate. In such cases, we suggest that excitation of intrinsic defects such as oxygen or gallium vacancies are responsible for trapping of carriers at Fe. The results imply that the investigation of intrinsic defects and their interaction with Fe is necessary to realize stable and reliable Ga2O3:Fe devices.
Coherent magnetization reversal of a cylindrical nanomagnet in shape-anisotropy magnetic tunnel junctions
Authors: Jinnai Butsurin , Igarashi Junta , Watanabe Kyota , Enobio Eli Christopher I. , Fukami Shunsuke , Ohno Hideo
Published: February 2021

A shape-anisotropy magnetic tunnel junction (MTJ) holds promise for its scaling into single-digit nanometers while possessing high data-retention capability. Understanding magnetization reversal mode is crucial to quantify the thermal stability factor Δ for data retention with high accuracy. Here, we study magnetization reversal mode in the shape-anisotropy MTJ with a 15-nm-thick CoFeB layer by evaluating Δ from two different methods: switching probability and retention time measurements. We find that magnetization reversal coherently proceeds in the 15-nm-thick and X/1X-nm-diameter cylindrical nanomagnet in the shape-anisotropy MTJs, in contrast to the conventional interfacial-anisotropy MTJs with a smaller thickness and larger diameter. The coherent magnetization reversal of the shape-anisotropy MTJ is also confirmed by astroid curve measurements. This study provides insight into the development of ultrasmall and high-reliability MTJ devices.
Mitochondrial hydrogen sulfide supplementation improves health in the
C. elegans
Duchenne muscular dystrophy model
Authors: Ellwood Rebecca A. , Hewitt Jennifer E. , Torregrossa Roberta , Philp Ashleigh M. , Hardee Justin P. , Hughes Samantha , van de Klashorst David , Gharahdaghi Nima , Anupom Taslim , Slade Luke , Deane Colleen S. , Cooke Michael , Etheridge Timothy , Piasecki Mathew , Antebi Adam , Lynch Gordon S. , Philp Andrew , Vanapalli Siva A. , Whiteman Matthew , Szewczyk Nathaniel J.
Published: February 2021

Significance

Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) is a fatal degenerative disease without a cure. Current standard pharmacological treatment is corticosteroids. Their prolonged use is associated with several undesirable side effects. Using
Caenorhabditis elegans
, we have identified pharmacological treatments that supplement hydrogen sulfide (H
2
S). One, sodium GYY4137, largely acts like prednisone to improve neuromuscular health; the other, AP39, targets H
2
S delivery to mitochondria. As these are not steroids, they are unlikely to produce steroid-induced side effects. Additionally, as DMD mice show a decline in total sulfide, our results pave the way for evaluation of cellular and/or mitochondrial H
2
S in DMD pathology and warrant further investigation of selective H
2
S delivery approaches in
mdx
mice and/or higher animal models of DMD.
Evasive answers vs. aggressive questions
Authors: Ilie Cornelia
Published: February 2021

The goal of this investigation is to scrutinize the interplay of parliamentary questions and answers in the notoriously polarized PMQs (Prime Minister’s Questions), in terms of three pragmatic criteria: topical focus, addressed target(s), and pursued goal(s). A pragma-rhetorical analysis explores the interrelatedness between the confrontational question-asking behaviour of the Leader of the Opposition (LO) and the evasive question-answering behaviour of the Prime Minister (PM). The findings indicate that (i) the LO Jeremy Corbyn strives to hold the PM accountable not through straightforward questions, but rather by calling into question and attacking the PM Theresa May, her decisions and actions; (ii) the PM, in her turn, rather than providing straightforward answers, confronts the LO’s aggressive questions by partly or fully evading them, by rejecting the questions’ presuppositions, or by counterattacking. The interrelatedness between parliamentary questions and answers provides evidence that both MP Blackford and the PM are pursuing double agendas: on the one hand, an issue-oriented agenda with well-established political goals, and on the other, an audience-oriented agenda adjusted to presumed audience expectations.
The Challenge of Climate Change for Coastal Tourism in the Azores
Authors: Helena Calado , Paulo Borges , Kiat Ng , Marta Vergílio
Published: February 2021

The case study provides an overview of coastal tourism in the Azores and the probable future impacts of climate change on the islands. It summarizes the findings of a recent study undertaken by an international team of experts, including the authors, to determine how serious the impacts are, in particular on tourism. It considers these effects in the light of European and worldwide climate change mitigation policies.

Information

Adapted from ‘Chapter 10: Case Study Portugal: Addressing Tourism Development and Climate Change in Small Atlantic Islands: the Case of the Azores’. In: Jones A. and Phillips M. (eds)
Global Climate Change and Coastal Tourism
. CABI, pp. 125-137.

© CAB International 2018
Slow Tourism and Wine in Alsace
Authors: Ward-Perkins David , Mou Jessica
Published: February 2021

The Alsace region has been particularly successful in creating a unique and recognisable identity, based on traditional values. Alsace has become a quality destination for 'slow' tourism, combining visits to picturesque villages, walking, cycling, gastronomy and cultural events. Tourism is structured around a number of complementary axes, labelled ‘themes of excellence’.

Information

TEAM Tourism Consulting, 2020

© CAB International 2020
Catalonia, a Food Hub
Authors: Ward-Perkins David
Published: February 2021

Catalonia has been developing as a food hub for 25 to 30 years. The autonomous region’s ambition is to remain a world leader in the production and preparation of local food. Catalonia has demonstrated that a comprehensive food offer, with multiple components – farming practices, food processing, gastronomy and tourism promotion – can be transformative. This case study describes how.

Information

TEAM Tourism Consulting

© CAB International 2020
Preserving the Ifugao Rice Terraces
Authors: Ananayo Jovel , Richins Harold
Published: February 2021

The Ifugao Rice Terraces in the Cordilleras of the Philippines represent one of the world’s most extraordinary and beautiful agricultural landscapes, created over hundreds of years. A World Heritage Site, they were temporarily classified as ‘endangered’ in 2001 when 30% of the terraces were seen to be uncultivated or neglected.

Information

Adapted from ‘Chapter 23 – Regional collaboration in community-based mountain tourism in World Heritage Sites: the Ifugao Rice Terraces of the Cordillera Central mountains in the Philippines’. In: Richins, H. and Hulls, J. (eds)
Mountain Tourism: Experiences, Communities, Environments and Sustainable Futures
. CABI, pp. 220–234.

© CAB International 2016
Exploring the Case: Slow Tourism and Wine in Alsace
Authors: Ward-Perkins David
Published: February 2021

Introduction

The interest in studying this case includes the long history of rural and wine tourism in Alsace, led by a well-endowed and sophisticated tourism department. For researchers and students of wine tourism, it is therefore a good best-practice model.

The Alsace case clearly demonstrates how wine tourism – apparently a niche product – has multiple links and tendrils, reaching into many other sectors. The case shows how these links can be made to work effectively, driving cultural tourism, cultural events, outdoor activities and other forms of tourism.

It also shows how quality experiences keep their appeal despite changing fashions. In Alsace, some very traditional forms of tourism have morphed into fashionable leisure activities, under the label of ‘slow tourism.’
Exploring the Case: Preserving the Ifugao Rice Terraces
Authors: Ward-Perkins David
Published: February 2021

Introduction

The case of the Ifugao Rice Terraces opens up a specific and important aspect of tourism: its integration into the management of cultural heritage.
ZNF416 is a pivotal transcriptional regulator of fibroblast mechanoactivation
Authors: Jones Dakota L. , Meridew Jeffrey A. , Link Patrick A. , Ducharme Merrick T. , Lydon Katherine L. , Choi Kyoung M. , Caporarello Nunzia , Tan Qi , Diaz Espinosa Ana Maria , Xiong Yuning , Lee Jeong-Heon , Ye Zhenqing , Yan Huihuang , Ordog Tamas , Ligresti Giovanni , Varelas Xaralabos , Tschumperlin Daniel J.
Published: February 2021

Matrix stiffness is a central regulator of fibroblast function. However, the transcriptional mechanisms linking matrix stiffness to changes in fibroblast phenotype are incompletely understood. Here, we evaluated the effect of matrix stiffness on genome-wide chromatin accessibility in freshly isolated lung fibroblasts using ATAC-seq. We found higher matrix stiffness profoundly increased global chromatin accessibility relative to lower matrix stiffness, and these alterations were in close genomic proximity to known profibrotic gene programs. Motif analysis of these regulated genomic loci identified ZNF416 as a putative mediator of fibroblast stiffness responses. Genome occupancy analysis using ChIP-seq confirmed that ZNF416 occupies a broad range of genes implicated in fibroblast activation and tissue fibrosis, with relatively little overlap in genomic occupancy with other mechanoresponsive and profibrotic transcriptional regulators. Using loss- and gain-of-function studies, we demonstrated that ZNF416 plays a critical role in fibroblast proliferation, extracellular matrix synthesis, and contractile function. Together, these observations identify ZNF416 as novel mechano-activated transcriptional regulator of fibroblast biology.
TRPA1: An asthma target with a zing
Authors: Jordt Sven-Eric
Published: February 2021

Asthma therapy has advanced remarkably; however, a significant number of patients respond poorly to current interventions. Balestrini et al. (2021. J. Exp. Med.https://doi.org/10.1084/jem.20201637) advance the concept that sensory nerves control inflammation in asthma, demonstrating that a novel inhibitor of TRPA1, a nerve receptor for irritants and reactive endogenous mediators, suppresses inflammation and airway smooth muscle contraction in several preclinical species.
Pressure-induced symmetry lowering in Nb3Sn1−x
superconductor
Authors: Svitlyk V , Mezouar M
Published: February 2021

Cubic Pm-3n Nb3Sn0.92 superconductor (T
c ∼ 16 K) was found to exhibit tetragonal instabilities at the superconducting state (T = 10 K). These instabilities are manifested through the appearance of reflections which are forbidden in the Pm-3n symmetry but are compatible with the P42/mmc structure which is observed in the Nb3Sn1−x
system for higher Sn content at temperatures lower than ∼43 K. Nevertheless, the low-temperature structure of Nb3Sn0.92 remains metrically fully cubic, as concluded from single crystal synchrotron radiation diffraction experiments. Subsequent application of external pressure amplifies the observed instabilities with a resulting pseudo-cubic–tetragonal transformation at P = 3 GPa at 10 K and this transition is energy driven, as concluded from ab initio calculations. The electronic structures of the corresponding phases are virtually identical and, therefore, the pseudo-cubic–tetragonal transformation does not influence significantly the underlying electronic interactions. Consequently, no anomalies in the behavior of the critical temperature, T
c, are expected at this pressure. However, anomalies in the upper critical field are anticipated during this transition, in analogy to the corresponding behavior observed during the cubic–tetragonal transformation in Nb3Sn1−x
induced by increase in Sn content. Therefore targeted changes in composition could be used to enhance upper critical field of Nb3Sn1−x
for specific extreme conditions of temperature and pressure.
Flexible infrared photodetector based on indium antimonide nanowire arrays
Authors: Shafa Muhammad , Wu Di , Chen Xi , Alvi Naveed ul Hassan , Pan Yi , Najar Adel
Published: February 2021

Narrow bandgap semiconductors like indium antimonide (InSb) are very suitable for high-performance room temperature infrared photodetectors, but the fragile nature of the wafer materials hinders their application as flexible/wearable devices. Here, we present a method to fabricate a photodetector device of assembled crystalline InSb nanowire (NW) arrays on a flexible substrate that balances high performance and flexibility, facilitating its application in wearable devices. The InSb NWs were synthesized by means of a vapor–liquid–solid technique, with gold nanoclusters as seeding particles. The morphological and crystal properties were investigated using scanning electron microscopy, x-ray diffraction and high-resolution transmission electron microscopy, which revealed the unique spike shape and high crystallinity with (111) and (220) planes of InSb NWs. The flexible infrared photodetector devices were fabricated by transferring the NWs onto transparent and stretchable polydimethylsiloxane substrate with pre-deposited gold electrodes. Current versus time measurement of the photodetector devices under light showed photoresponsivity and sensitivity to mid-infrared at bias as low as 0.1 V while attached to curved surfaces (suitable for skin implants). A high-performance NW device yielded efficient rise and decay times down to 1 s and short time lag for infrared detection. Based on dark current, calculated specific detectivity of the flexible photodetector was 1.4 × 1012 Jones. The performance and durability render such devices promising for use as wearable infrared photodetectors.
A single-point measurement scheme for quantum work based on the squeezing state
Authors: Xu Bao-Ming , Zou Jian , Tu Zhan-Chun
Published: February 2021

To investigate the role of initial quantum coherence in work-probability distribution, it is necessary to consider an incomplete or partial measurement, in which the energy cannot be fully discriminated by the detector. In this paper, we use a harmonic oscillator with a coherent or squeezing state to realize this incomplete or partial measurement, and propose a unified framework of quantum work statistics for a closed system with an arbitrary initial state. We find that work is proportional to the change of the real part of the coherent state parameter, i.e., quantum work can be estimated by the coherent state parameter. The resulting work-probability distribution includes the initial quantum coherence, and can be reduced to the result of the traditional two projective energy measurement scheme (TPM) by squeezing the state of the harmonic oscillator. Our measurement scheme reveals the fundamental connections between measurement error and coherent work. By introducing a ‘coherent work-to-noise ratio’, we find the optimal measurement error, which is determined by the energy difference between the superposed energy levels. As an application, we consider a driven two-level system and investigate the effects of driving velocity on work statistics. We find that only when the driving velocity matches the transition frequency of the system can initial quantum coherence play an important role.
Simulation of wide wavelength tuning of As2Se3
π-PSFBG narrow band fiber laser based on temperature and strain
Authors: Zhang Fan , Yan Xin , Zhang Xuenan , Wang Fang , Li Shuguang , Suzuki Takenobu , Ohishi Yasutake , Cheng Tonglei
Published: February 2021

In this work, the temperature (strain) properties of As2Se3
π-phase-shift fiber Bragg gratings (π-PSFBGs) are numerically investigated. The sensing sensitivities are 0.0665 nm °C−1 (0.8598 pm μϵ
−1) at 1.55 μm, 0.1546 nm °C−1 (1.9968 pm μϵ
−1) at 3.6 μm, 0.2717 nm °C−1 (3.51 pm μϵ
−1) at 6.328 μm, and 0.4551 nm °C−1 (5.8796 pm μϵ
−1) at 10.6 μm, and the sensitivities are improved with the increasing Bragg wavelength. Based on them, a high-performance narrow band fiber laser is theoretically proposed. The proposed tunable laser has a wider wavelength adjustment range in mid-infrared region, which can reach 27.306 nm at around 10.6 μm. Moreover, the obvious Bragg wavelength shift induced by stretching the As2Se3
π-PSFBG helps widen the tunable range of the laser, making possible a fine tuning. Being simple in structure and high in sensitivity, the proposed laser can be applied in mid-infrared region, which is the fingerprint region of numerous molecules and which closely relates to military aviation, environmental conservation, biology and health care regions.
Low-dimensional phases engineering for improving the emission efficiency and stability of quasi-2D perovskite films*
Authors: Wang Yue , Ma Zhuang-Zhuang , Li Ying , Zhang Fei , Chen Xu , Shi Zhi-Feng
Published: February 2021

The two-dimensional (2D) Ruddlesden–Popper-type perovskites, possessing tunable bandgap, narrow light emission, strong quantum confinement effect, as well as a simple preparation method, are identified as a new generation of candidate materials for efficient light-emitting diodes. However, the preparation of high-quality quasi-2D perovskite films is still a challenge currently, such as the severe mixing of phases and a high density of defects within the films, impeding the further promotion of device performance. Here, we prepared the quasi-2D PEA2MA
n−1Pb
n
Br3n+1 perovskite films by a modified spin-coating method, and the phases with large bandgap were effectively suppressed by the vacuum evaporation treatment. We systematically investigated the optical properties and stability of the optimized films, and the photoluminescence (PL) quantum yield of the treated films was enhanced from 23% to 45%. We also studied the emission mechanisms by temperature-dependent PL spectra. Moreover, the stability of films against moisture, ultraviolet light, and heat was also greatly improved.
Heat exchange and fluctuation in Gaussian thermal states in the quantum realm
Authors: Usha Devi A R , Sudha  , Rajagopal A K , Jayannavar A M
Published: February 2021

The celebrated exchange fluctuation theorem—proposed by Jarzynski and Wójcik (2004 Phys. Rev. Lett.
92 230602) for heat exchange between two systems in thermal equilibrium at different temperatures—is explored here for quantum Gaussian states in thermal equilibrium. We employ the Wigner distribution function formalism for quantum states, which exhibits a close resemblance to the classical phase-space trajectory description, to arrive at a formal Jarzynski–Wójcik result. For two Gaussian states in thermal equilibrium at two different temperatures kept in contact with each other for a fixed duration of time, we show that the Jarzynski–Wójcik-like relation reduces to the corresponding classical result in the limit ℏ → 0.
Optimization of Polyethylene Glycol Concentration as an Agglutination Potentiator for Examination of Blood Types of Dry Blood Sample
Authors: Handriani R , Warouw G M , Oktari A
Published: February 2021

Blood type is classifying blood based on the presence of antigens on the surface of the erythrocyte membrane. In criminal cases, dry blood spots are often used as samples in determining blood types an the examination with the elution absorption method but this method requires a long and complicated time. polyethylene glycol (PEG) has potentiator properties in the formation of agglutination. The purpose was to determine the optimum concentration of PEG of 1%, 2%, 3%, 4%, 5% as an agglutination potentiator. The experimental research method is blood sample dried on wool yarn overnight. the analysis results obtained on the elution absorption method and without PEG as a control is grade agglutination +2, whereas with the addition PEG 5%, 4%, 3%, 2%, 1% obtained grade agglutination + 4, + 4, + 3, + 3, + 3 results. The results statistic showed that there was quality of the results of agglutination grade were different at each additional concentration of PEG. At the addition of 4% PEG gave optimal results. So that the PEG modification method can be used as a agglutination potentiator in the determination of blood groups of dried blood spots.
Test of Antibacterial Activity 70% Ethanol Extract of Seeds Black Pepper (Piper Nigrum L) Against Bacteria Escherichia Coli Atcc 25922
Authors: Primananda Arina Zulfah , Anggun Laksmi , Murhayati Rika
Published: February 2021

Seeds of black pepper (Piper nigrum L) had antimicrobial compounds was efficacious for treating diarrhea. This purpose of research to determine the activity of the of black pepper seed extract in varying concentrations. Seeds of black pepper extracted by maceration method. Black pepper seeds of 70% ethanol extract made with the series a concentration of 100 mg / ml; 50 mg / ml; 25 mg / ml; 12,5mg / ml; 6.25 mg / ml; 3.125 mg / ml; 1.565 mg / ml; 0.781 mg / ml; 0.3905 mg / ml; negative control, and positive control and cotrimoxazole as controls for comparison. Tests conducted on the bacteria Escherichia coli ATCC 25 922 in dilution. Antibacterial test results showed black pepper seeds extract had an antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli ATCC 25922 to minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) was 50 mg / ml. Antibacterial activity found on 50 mg/ml of minimum concentration because black pepper seeds extract contained flavonoids, alkaloids, tannins, saponins, essential oils, and piperine. Piperine was a chemical content that highest.
Stomata as a Differentiator of Nepenthes Type in North Sumatera
Authors: Ginting Nurmaini , Batubara Melvariani Syari , Abubakar  , Darwis Muhammad , Harahap Fatma Suryani
Published: February 2021

Research conducted in plant Systematics Laboratory of the Department of Biology University of North Sumatra. Semi-permanent preparation method for paradermal layer with a simple scraping method that modified. Samples were obtained by conducting a collection into the habitat and using Nepenthes specimens in the Herbarium Medanense (MEDA). Observation of anatomical characteristics conducted in plant structure Laboratory of North Sumatera University. Stomata observed in 32 Nepenthes, 4 of which have a companion cell and epidermis cell whose cell walls are wavy. These types areNepenthessp.,N. pectinata,N. rhombicaulis, andN. ampullaria. Some other species have crystals in the companion cells and epidermis cells, such asN. lingulataandN. mirabilis. The size of the stomata varies greatly among all types found. N. rafflesiana has the smallest size of 34.43 μm2, while the largest size can found in the N. ovata type with 165.78 μm2 and N. spectabilis x N. Above with 160.48 μm2. The stomata frequency per unit area also varies and shows the correlation between the stomata size and frequency. N. x hookeriana and N. x trichocarpa are two types with the highest stomata frequency while Nepenthes sp. has the least number of frequencies.
Antioxidant Activity and Total Phenolic Compounds of Arabica and Robusta Coffee at Different Roasting Levels
Authors: Asy’ari Hasbullah Umar Hafidz , Rini Umiyati dan
Published: February 2021

The roasting process will determine the flavor in which chemical reactions occur and changes in components in coffee beans. Changes can occur in phenol compounds that contribute to antioxidant activity. This study aims to study the effect of roasting levels on Arabica and Robusta coffee beans on the content of phenol compounds and their antioxidant activity. The roasting process is carried out at three levels, namely light, medium and dark. The analysis was carried out on the total phenol content and antioxidant activity expressed in the radical capture activity of the compound 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH). The results show that increasing the roasting level causes a decrease in antioxidant activity as indicated by increasing IC50, EC50 values. Meanwhile, ARP and AAI are decreasing. This corresponds to the phenol content which decreases with increasing roasting levels. This finding also proves that Robusta coffee has higher antioxidant activity than Arabica. This corresponds to a greater total phenol robusta content than arabica.
Hybrid Algorithm as alternative method for optimization, a combination Genetic Algorithm and Particle Swarm Optimization
Authors: Mahardhika Taufan
Published: February 2021

Genetic Algorithm (GA) and Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) are both known as a method for optimization. Here in these paper we will combine GA and PSO to create a hybrid algorithm. We compare GA, PSO and Hybrid to solve some optimization problem. These Hybrid Algorithm is an alternative method for optimization.
Lean Six Sigma Analyst in Packing House Lembang Agriculture Incubation Center (LAIC)
Authors: Ariffien Afferdhy , Adriant Irayanti , Nasution Juli Amirah
Published: February 2021

Agriculture is the main sector in Indonesia, which covers 30,45% of all employment sectors in Indonesia. This makes Indonesia as agricultural country that makes this sector must be very much considered. Agriculture’ Supply Chain, starting from Former until the yields reaches the consumers, is the main focus. The appearance of a problem in one chain can cause scarcity, loss, and price disparity. So, Lembang Agriculture Incubation Center (LAIC) as one of the distributors who connects farmers and consumers must pay attention to this supply chain. Shipment with the right time, amount and type is a benchmark for success so the packaging process is very much considered especially for vegetables, because vegetables are included in the perishable good group. Process mapping using the Lean Six Sigma method can be applied to analyze the vegetable packaging process by LAIC. This proses mapping will pay attention to the current process and look for factors that support and inhibit the packaging process (value added and non value added) then improve if there are problems that must be followed up immediately. Lean Six Sigma analysis is carried out in 5 stages, they are:First stage, Define is done to create a Value Stream Mapping (VSM) packaging process which shows that the length of packaging time is 1054.08 minutes for the value added process and 225.18 minutes for the non value added process. The second and the third, Measurement is done by the Process Activity Mapping (PAM) method to see what processes are non-value added processes that cause the packaging process to be long and will be Analyzed for the cause of the problem using fishbone. Furthermore the fourth, Improvement is done by eliminating waste (non value added) and also adding one additional worker so that the packaging process has a time reduction, namely, 1028.4 minutes of value added process and 79.4 minutes of non value added process. The last stage or the fifth is Controling which is done by applying a new SOP that has been fixed in the previous stage.So, with the proposed improvement given, there was a 171.46 minute reduction in the vegetable packaging process at LAIC.
Natural Disaster Mitigation Management in the case of Mount Tangkuban Parahu Eruption in West Java
Authors: Fitriani Iis Dewi , Zulkarnaen Wandy , Bagianto Agus
Published: February 2021

Disaster prevention and recovery in Indonesia is one of the most important sectors. Indonesia as a disaster-prone country must certainly be able to carry out disaster management properly. This is important so that losses arising from disasters do not hamper national development and progress. The purpose of this research is to conduct a study on the Management of Eruption Natural Disaster Mitigation in Mount Tangkuban Parahu in order to be able to prepare themselves in facing various disaster threats, essentially, qualitatively, which can provide a more effective and efficient picture of the problem. The data collection technique was carried out by direct observation to the West Java provincial BPBD, and the location area was likely affected by the eruption of Mount Tangkuban Parahu which was the object of research by the researchers themselves assisted by the research members, as well as collecting data/information related to the research material. In addition, data collection is also carried out through structured interviews to capture information that cannot be obtained through observation. One of the efforts of the regional government in the area of prevention and preparedness of the Regional Disaster Management Agency of West Java Province is to prepare themselves in facing various disaster threats. Mitigation Management is a life analysis that must be reviewed periodically by policymakers. In principle, commitments or agreements with stakeholders in disaster management planning are mapped in detail, structured and comprehensive.
Education Game Indonesian Old Museum Explorer using Fuzzy State Machine
Authors: Rozikin M , Dijaya R , Taurusta C
Published: February 2021

Indonesia has a diverse culture from the form of creation, work, and intention, but over time Indonesian culture is eroded by the sophistication of the times. Using entertainment media such as games will be able to provide knowledge about culture through the game and can develop morale, using 3D interactive design of an object such as historical heritage will look close to real and with the Artificial Intelligence (AI) used in the opponent will make the game that is played becomes fun or not monotonous. This study uses the Fuzzy State Machine (FuSM) method which aims to shape character behaviour like human like behaviour. The results that can be generated from FuSM are behaviour that changes according to the conditions and rules that have been determined. This is where the AI that is formed will not always be the same in the same situation, all will be different depending on the conditions and rules that exist.
Design Technology of Geographical Information System of Rice Pandanwangi Cianjur Prediction Factors Products
Authors: Musrifah Ai , Adikusuma Andri , Sutono
Published: February 2021

Cianjur is one of the renowned rice producers, particularly with the presence of Pandanwangi rice that can be grown in the Cianjur area. Pandanwangi has become one of Cianjur City’s icons, the rice supremacy created by Pandanwangi Cianjur’s tenacity and distinctive scent (pandanus fragrance). The Interest of pandanwangi was very high, both within the town of Cianjur and outside the town of Cianjur, but this was inversely proportional to the desires of the groups of farmers who appeared to prefer to plant rice other than Pandanwangi, on the grounds that the planting of Pandanwangi had a long harvest and that the likelihood of crop failure was also very high. Problems with information flows that are not well integrated between farmers’ groups, farmers’ group organizations, and the Agriculture Department in adjusting land details, planting time, planting location, estimating total harvest and harvesting time. To solve this problem, a framework must be built that can integrate the information needed for Pandanwangi Cianjur Harvest Prediction with Pandanwangi farmers’ regional analysis based on geographic information system technology, using Google Maps Service.
Design of Waste Management System Using QR Code for Effective Management in Wastebank
Authors: Widaningsih S , Suheri A
Published: February 2021

Waste management is one of the problems faced in almost every city in Indonesia. One way to manage waste is through the waste bank. The business process of a waste bank is similar to a bank, but it is processed in the form of inorganic waste that has been sorted. In general, data management in waste banks is still conventional but the others have used of web-based or mobile technology. But in this way there are still some weaknesses such as the the time needed to input the collected waste data because the data cannot be directly entered into the system. In addition it can occur inaccurately entered data. The proposed method is using the QR code for the waste management system. In this method, admin only need to scan the QR code label attached on the waste bin stored above the weighing device using a smartphone camera. With this system QR scanner application based on mobile can be synchronized automatically with anroid smartphone. Admin then input the weight of the waste that is weighed and will be stored in the database. In this way the data input process can be faster and with the use of QR code, more data can be stored.
Design and Implementation of Computer Based Test (CBT) in vocational education
Authors: Efendi Raimon , Lesmana Lido Sabda , Putra Firmansyah , Yandani Efri , Wulandari Ratih Agustin
Published: February 2021

This research is motivated by an analysis of the needs of the examination system that still uses conventional methods that require considerable time, cost, and effort and have not been able to synergize with technological developments. Research on the development of Computer Based Test (CBT) Models Based on the web aims to develop a CBT model that can overcome the problems found in conventional tests. This type of research is development research (R & D) with software development procedures using the waterfall model. The stages of development consist of the needs analysis phase, the design stage, the implementation phase, and the testing phase. Research respondents were students of the Information Systems study program. The results of this study were obtained online test kits to help the process of evaluating student learning outcomes with features: input test data, display an analysis of the completeness of the report, and print reports made for the completion of the learning assessment. By using a database system, this online exam makes it easier for the exam system to display questions and assessments, making it easier for users to use it and for administrators to manage questions.
Implementation of Natural Language Processing in Seller-bot for SMEs
Authors: Triputra Sutadi , Atqiya Firas
Published: February 2021

SMEs as one of main income for Indonesia make an important part in Indonesia industry. With more than 64% contribution and bring 92% opportunity to labor, SMEs become vital in Indonesia. But in the other hand, SMEs with their limitation of resource made most of them concentrate in the production phase and give a tiny concern in marketing and sales. Bases on this issue, researcher will develop a seller-bot with natural language processing algorithm in it. It will embed in Facebook Messenger which found that seller-bot could help SMEs doing their business with automate their business especially in marketing process. In the other hand, SMEs still using eCommerce platform such as shoppee, bukalapak and other so it is more difficult to integrate that platform with seller bot in messenger. It will be easier if the customer has their own website and have full control of the application so in the process integration from the messenger to their apps, the seller-bot can break more limitation and fit with the SMEs needs.
Edge Detection to Make Drawing Sketch using Laplacian Operator and Gabor Wavelet for Learning Devices
Authors: Samsir  , Edi Firman , Ginting Kalvin , Hartati Srie , Sondang  , Purba R A
Published: February 2021

Image processing plays important role. Image processing is signal processing where the input is an image, while the output from image processing can be an image or a number of characteristics or parameters related to the image. So the image can be changed in such a way as needed. One of the goals of image processing is to make learning devices. Learning tools in the form of sketch drawings that are needed in the world of education. In this study Laplacian operators will use edge detection to produce sketches. Edge detection is a process to produce edges of an object image, the purpose is to mark the part that becomes the image details Laplacian Operators aim to trace points in the image that are considered as edges of an object, which limit an objects area to one another. Another goal of Laplacian operations is to increase the appearance of the boundary lines of an area or object in the image. With this combination good sketches will be produced and can be utilized in making learning tools.
Utilization of ICT-Based Learning Media in Local History Learning
Authors: Bahri  , Humaedi  , Rizal  , Gamar Mahfud M. , Misnah  , Riang Tati Andi Dewi
Published: February 2021

This research aims to understand how students’ perceptions and lecturers regarding the use of ICT in learning Local History at the Historical Education Study Program of the Faculty of Social Sciences, Makassar State University. This research uses a qualitative approach with a case study design. Data collection techniques carried out, including observations, interviews, documentation and literature. Data analysis was carried out using the model developed by Mile and Huberman, which is collecting data, data reduction, data display, drawing conclusions. Local history learning is considered not able to have a positive impact on both cognitive and affective aspects of students. This happens because the learning media used do not present learning that is fun and seems conventional. From the results of the research concluded that using ICT-based learning media can help students to understand the material of the Gowa Kingdom’s resistance to the VOC properly and chronologically.
Application of Web Based Learning to Measure Students Learning Interest
Authors: Sulyanah Selvy , Hasanah Fitria Nur , Untari Rahmania Sri
Published: February 2021

The advancement of information and communication technology requires teachers to create various innovative learning media based on information technology; one of those media is database learning. Database is a course which uses to discuss the framework in developing the application programs. Hence, the technology needs to be intensified in improving skills in the field of software engineering and as a source of learning for students in secondary schools. This research is designed to develop web based learning media and measure student interest in learning through media that have been developed. This media was developed by using ADDIE (Analysis, Design, Development, Implementation, and Evaluation). Questionnaire was used as the instrument in collecting data. Then, questionnaire data were analyzed using descriptive quantitative. The feasibility of web based learning is assessed by media experts, material experts, and tested on students. The population of this research is the vocational high school students grade XI majoring in Software Engineering. The results show that web based learning media is declared very feasible with a percentage of 82.6%. Student learning interest is measured using three indicators; attention, feeling happy, and activity. Those all indicators are in high category because the design of web based learning media is fit to students needs and makes learning fun, moreover the students are able to access it outside the class.
Student Responses During Online Learning in the Covid-19 Pandemic Period
Authors: Ahmad  , Hasnawati  , Mulyadi  , Apriyanto M , Oklianda A , Putra D D , Warmi A
Published: February 2021

Online learning is an alternative that can be used by both teachers and lecturers in carrying out learning during the joint pandemic 2019. This study aims to determine student responses during online learning conducted by teachers. The research methodology used is a qualitative method with descriptive techniques. The research subjects were students of Galuh Rahayu Sindangkasih Vocational School 2020 class X and XI. The instruments used were interviews and questionnaires that were filled out online by students. Based on the results of the study that 85% of students use mobile Internet to do online learning. 60% of students are ready to do online learning at home, while the remaining 30% are quite ready and 10% are not ready. Student responses during online learning are 45% pleasant, 30% fun and 10%. The level of readiness of the teacher is good enough that 80% is ready, and the remaining 10% is at the level of very ready and quite ready. Overall online learning carried out by teachers at the Galuh Rahayu Sindangkasih Vocational School was positively responded to in the Covid pandemic situation19.
Statistical Literacy Analysis of Pre-Service Elementary Teachers Education
Authors: Nahdi D S , Jatisunda M G , Cahyaningsih U , Kurino Y D , Juliar E , Bilda W
Published: February 2021

Statistics plays a very important role in various fields of human life. In the field of education, statistics are important for solving problems encountered in learning activities in class. Therefore, it is very important for the pre-service teachers to have statistical literacy skills. The basic indicator of statistical literacy is the ability of individuals to understand data displayed in tables and diagrams; presents data so that it is easy to understand and interprets the data correctly. The purpose of this study is to describe the statistical literacy of the pre-service teachers at departments of Elementary Teacher Education in the context of these three indicators. The subjects in this study were 28 students. Data collection is done by providing statistical literacy tests. The results showed 85.71% of students were able to understand the statistical data displayed in the form of line charts; 92.86% of students are able to present data in the appropriate diagram, and only 39.29% of students were able to interpret the data from a given case.
The Effect Of Realistic Mathematics Education On Elementary Students’ Critical Thinking Skills
Authors: Cahyaningsih Ujiati , Nahdi Dede Salim
Published: February 2021

Critical thinking becomes the most important skill in facing challenges and solving problems in everyday life. However, several studies describe students’ critical thinking skills as being low. This condition is revealed from several studies that have been carried out, both by international institutions and individual researchers. One effort that can be done is to apply a learning model that is thought to improve critical thinking skills, one of which is the Realistic Mathematics Education Learning Model. This research is in the form of a quasi-experimental study with a non-equivalent control group design. The population in this study were Majalengka Regency Elementary School students in the 2019/2020 school year with a sample of fourth-grade students at SDN Baturuyuk II Dawuan. Samples were taken as many as two classes, namely the experimental class the Realistic Mathematics Education Learning Model, and the control class that applied conventional learning. The results showed that increasing students’ critical thinking skills that obtained learning using the Realistic Mathematics Education Learning Model was better than students who used conventional learning.
The fullness of Higher Order Thinking Skills (HOTs) in Applied Science Textbooks of Vocational Schools
Authors: Rozi Achmad , Khoiri Ahmad , Dewi Mutia Farida R , Sunarsi Denok , Jasmani  , Paeno  , Munawaroh  , Iswadi Udi
Published: February 2021

Textbooks as a dominant learning source of HOTs have not been fulfilled which can influence the growth of HOTs in vocational students. Mix method explanatory HOT HOT design starting from the collection and analysis of quantitative data followed by qualitative data collection and analysis that builds on the initial results of the quantitative data. Analysis of the fulfillment of HOTs Indicators in Vocational High School Applied Science learning about “Material and its Changes” in BC 3.6 and 4 (four) Indicators and BC.4.6. with the percentage of cognitive level HOTs still at the level of analyzing (C4) of 62.9%, the level of evaluating (C5) of 14.3%, and the level of creating (C6) of 22.9%. The next 112 descriptors of the assessment component are based on 14 indicators and 8 Indicators HOTs, 21 material items, 9 self-ability tests, 20 Multiple Choice competency test questions, and 5 essay questions. With the recapitulation results of HOTs fulfillment of 30.4% high criteria, 42.9% medium criteria, and 26.8% low criteria. The fullness of HOTs Indicator by 50.7% in the study of the Applied Science Textbook of Vocational School/MAK Class X Semester I in KD.3.6 Analyzing the Material and its Changes and BC. 4.6 Conducting Experiments on Material Change and Mixed Separation. HOTs are difficult to identify in a short time because they are not instant, but can be identified through a series of HOTs activities by determining learning resources in textbooks and appropriate learning settings for developing high-level thinking habits.