bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Carola Trips & Jaklin Kornfilt (eds.) (2017), "Further Investigations into the Nature of Phrasal Compounding", Berlin: Language Science Press
Authors: Hacken Pius ten
Published: October 2018

Phrasal compounding is a phenomenon illustrated by slept all day look. Prototypical examples are determinative compounds with a nominal head and a phrasal non-head. They raise interesting questions about the interaction of syntax and morphology and have been discussed in this context by Botha (1981) for Afrikaans and Lieber (1992) for English. Also in German and Turkish, they have received ample attention. This volume has as its main purpose to extend the range of languages for which phrasal compounds are discussed. It consists of a brief introduction (chapter 1), six chapters devoted to individual languages, and a final chapter with a more general outlook. The use of further in the title is perhaps surprising, in particular because the volume under review is the first of a new series. It is motivated by the fact that the papers are from “the second workshop on phrasal compounding”, held in Mannheim in 2015. In this review, I will first present and discuss each chapter, then consider some general points about the volume.
 
Dieser Beitrag ist ursprünglich im Peter-Lang-Verlag erschienen (https://www.ingentaconnect.com/contentone/plg/jwf/2018/00000002/00000001/art00009)
Nicolaus Janos Raag: Substantivkomposita und Sinngebung im Kontext frühmittelalterlicher Wissensvermittlung. Eine kulturanalytisch­-linguistische Untersuchung zur Wortbildung bei Notker III
Authors: Stricker Stefanie
Published: October 2018

Die hier zu besprechende Dissertation des schwedischen Germanisten Nicolaus Janos Raag ist an der Universität Uppsala (Schweden) unter der Betreuung von Dessislava Stoeva-Holm entstanden. Die Arbeit will zeigen, welche Rolle Substantivkomposita im Rahmen der Wissensvermittlung und des Kulturtransfers spielen, wie deutsche Komposita lateinisch vermittelte Inhalte in die eigene frühmittelalterliche klösterliche Kultur der Rezipienten integrieren und welche Veränderungen sie dabei erfahren. Für die Untersuchung wurden Substantivkomposita ausgewählt, da sie prädestiniert für die Benennung von bisher Unbekanntem sind und durch ihre binäre Struktur die Fähigkeit besitzen, zwei Größen zueinander in Beziehung zu setzen, wobei die semantische Relation zwischen den Konstituenten eines Kompositums prinzipiell offen und auf morphologischer Ebene nicht ausgedrückt ist.
 
Dieser Beitrag ist ursprünglich im Peter-Lang-Verlag erschienen (https://www.ingentaconnect.com/contentone/plg/jwf/2018/00000002/00000001/art00010)
Sociodemographic, Psychographic, and Behavioral Correlates of Fun in the Destination Context
Authors: Tasci Asli D. A. , Wei Wei
Published: October 2018

Over the past decade, experiential consumption has received a growing attention from tourism and hospitality scholars. Even though fun is one of the most used concepts in daily rhetoric, it was mostly mentioned as a related concept in studying other variables in tourism, hospitality,
and leisure contexts. The current study investigated fun as a construct and its sociodemographic, psychographic, and behavioral correlates. On an online research platform, 412 respondents living in the US answered questions about dimensions of fun related to destinations, sociodemographic,
psychographic, and several travel behavior variables. Data revealed that both gender and the emotion/logic-based decision-making trait explain the importance of destination fun dimensions. Expectation of destination fun was further found to be significantly correlated with the preferences
for travel types, travel risk concerns, and preferences for travel information sources. The theoretical and practical implications are discussed.
How Does the Stellar Wind Influence the Radio Morphology of a Supernova Remnant?
Authors: Zhang M. F. , Tian W. W. , Wu D.
Published: October 2018

We simulate the evolution of the stellar wind and the supernova remnant (SNR) originating from a runaway massive star in a uniform Galactic environment based on three-dimensional magnetohydrodynamics models. Taking the stellar wind into consideration, we can explain the radio morphologies of many SNRs. The directions of the kinematic velocity of the progenitor, the magnetic field, and the line of sight are the most important factors influencing the morphologies. If the velocity is perpendicular to the magnetic field, the simulation will give us two different unilateral SNRs and a bilateral symmetric SNR. If the velocity is parallel to the magnetic field, we obtain a bilateral asymmetric SNR and a quasi-circular SNR. Our simulations show the stellar wind plays a key role in the radio evolution of an SNR, which implies that the Galactic global density and magnetic field distribution play a secondary role.
Modulation of Ion and Electron Pitch Angle in the Presence of Large-amplitude, Low-frequency, Left-hand Circularly Polarized Electromagnetic Waves Observed by MMS
Authors: Zhao J. S. , Wang T. Y. , Dunlop M. W. , He J. S. , Dong X. C. , Wu D. J. , Khotyaintsev Yu. V. , Ergun R. E. , Russell C. T. , Giles B. L. , Torbert R. B. , Burch J. L.
Published: October 2018

Most studies on low-frequency electromagnetic cyclotron waves have assumed a small wave amplitude, which ensures the reasonable application of linear and quasi-linear theories. However, the topic of large-amplitude electromagnetic cyclotron waves has not received much attention. Using Magnetospheric Multiscale measurements, this study observes low-frequency, left-hand circularly polarized electromagnetic waves with magnetic fluctuation ∼1–2 nT in the dusk flank side of the Earth’s magnetosheath. Considering the ambient magnetic field ∼15 nT therein, the relative wave amplitude is of the order of 0.1. These large magnetic field fluctuations result in a periodic variation of the ion pitch angle. The electron pitch angle exhibits a localized distribution feature with a timescale approximating the wave period. Moreover, some electrons are trapped at a pitch angle ∼90°, and the trapping is more remarkable as strong waves arise. These two features of the electron pitch angle distribution imply that the trapping of electrons (partly) results from large-amplitude electromagnetic cyclotron fluctuations. Our results illustrate the important role of large-amplitude electromagnetic cyclotron waves on the dynamics of charged particles.
The Ultraviolet Colors of Type Ia Supernovae and Their Photospheric Velocities
Authors: Brown Peter J. , Perry Jonathan M. , Beeny Britton A. , Milne Peter A. , Wang Xiaofeng
Published: October 2018

We compare ultraviolet (UV) and optical colors of a sample of 29 type Ia supernovae (SNe Ia) observed with the Swift satellite’s UltraViolet Optical Telescope with theoretical models of an asymmetric explosion viewed from different angles from Kasen & Plewa. This includes mid-UV (1600–2700 Å; uvw2 and uvm2) and near-UV (2700–4000 Å; uvw1 and u) filters. We find the observed colors to be redder than the model predictions, and that these offsets are unlikely to be caused by dust reddening. We confirm that high-velocity SNe Ia have red UV-optical observed colors. After correcting the colors for dust reddening by assuming a constant b − v color, we find no correlation between the uvw1 − v or u − v colors and the ejecta velocities for 25 SNe Ia with published velocities and/or spectra. When assuming an optical color–velocity relation, weak correlations of 2 and 3.6σ are found for uvw1 − v and u − v. However, we find that weak correlations can be reproduced with shuffled velocities and colors that are corrected for reddening. The slope and significance of a correlation between the UV colors and the velocity is thus dependent on the slope of the optical color–velocity relation. Even with a correction, a significant scatter still remains in the uvw1 − v colors including a large spread at low velocities, demonstrating that the NUV-blue/red spread is not caused by the photospheric velocity. The uvm2 − uvw1 colors also show a large dispersion uncorrelated with the velocity.
Circumnuclear Multiphase Gas in the Circinus Galaxy. II. The Molecular and Atomic Obscuring Structures Revealed with ALMA
Authors: Izumi Takuma , Wada Keiichi , Fukushige Ryosuke , Hamamura Sota , Kohno Kotaro
Published: October 2018

We used the Atacama Large Millimeter/Submillimeter Array (ALMA) to map the CO(3–2) and [C i](1–0) lines, as well as their underlying continuum emission, from the central ∼200 pc region of the Circinus galaxy that hosts the nearest type 2 Seyfert-class active galactic nucleus (AGN), with a spatial resolution of ∼6–15 pc. The lines and continuum-emitting regions consist of a circumnuclear disk (CND; 74 pc × 34 pc) and spiral arms. The distribution of the continuum emission revealed a temperature-dependent dust geometry and possibly polar dust elongation in the torus region. The molecular mass of the CND is

, with a beam-averaged H2 column density of ∼5 × 1023 cm−2 toward the AGN position, which contributes significantly to the nuclear obscuration. The [C i](1–0)/CO(3–2) ratio at the AGN position is unusually high, suggesting an X-ray-dominated region-type chemistry. We decomposed the observed velocity fields into rotational and dispersion components, and revealed a multiphase dynamic nature in the r ≲ 10 pc torus region, i.e., the diffuse atomic gas is more spatially extended along the vertical direction of the disk than the dense molecular gas. Through comparisons with our model predictions based on the radiation-driven fountain scheme, we indicate that atomic outflows are the driver of the geometrical thickness of the atomic disk. This supports the validity of the radiation-driven fountain scheme in the vicinity of this AGN, which would explain the longstanding mystery of the physical origin of the AGN torus.
Prompt Emission of Gamma-Ray Bursts from the Wind of Newborn Millisecond Magnetars: A Case Study of GRB 160804A
Authors: Xiao Di , Peng Zong-kai , Zhang Bin-Bin , Dai Zi-Gao
Published: October 2018

In this paper, we revisit the scenario that an internal gradual magnetic dissipation taking place within the wind from a newborn millisecond magnetar can be responsible for gamma-ray burst (GRB) production. We show that a combination of two emission components in this model, i.e., the photospheric emission from the wind and the synchrotron radiation within the magnetic reconnection region, can give a reasonable fit to the observed spectrum of the prompt emission phase of GRB 160804A. We obtain the physical parameters through a Monte Carlo procedure and deduce the initial spin period and magnetic field of the central magnetar. Furthermore, the independent afterglow fitting analysis gives a consistent result, adding great credibility to this scenario. In addition, we predict a subclass of GRBs from such Magnetar wind Internal Gradual MAgnetic Dissipation (abbreviated as “MIGMAD bursts”) that have several distinctive properties.
The MOSDEF Survey: Stellar Continuum Spectra and Star Formation Histories of Active, Transitional, and Quiescent Galaxies at 1.4 < z < 2.6
Authors: Zick Tom O. , Kriek Mariska , Shapley Alice E. , Reddy Naveen A. , Freeman William R. , Siana Brian , Coil Alison L. , Azadi Mojegan , Barro Guillermo , Fetherolf Tara , Fornasini Francesca M. , de Groot Laura , Leung Gene , Mobasher Bahram , Price Sedona H. , Sanders Ryan L. , Shivaei Irene
Published: October 2018

Using the MOSFIRE Deep Evolution Field (MOSDEF) rest-frame optical spectroscopic survey, we investigate the star formation histories (SFHs) of different galaxy types, ranging from actively star-forming to quiescent at 1.4 ≤ z ≤ 2.6. SFHs are constrained utilizing stellar continuum spectroscopy, specifically through a combination of Balmer absorption lines, the 4000 Å break, and the equivalent width of the Hα emission line. To attain a sufficiently high signal-to-noise ratio (S/N) to conduct these measurements we stack spectra of galaxies with similar spectral types, as determined from their rest-frame U − V and V − J colors. We bin the MOSDEF sample into five spectral types, subdividing the quiescent and star-forming bins to better explore galaxies transitioning between the two. We constrain the average SFHs for each type, finding that quiescent and transitional galaxies in the MOSDEF sample are dominated by an SFH with an average star formation timescale of τ ∼ 0.1–0.2 Gyr. These findings contrast with measurements from the low-redshift Universe where, on average, galaxies form their stars over a more extended time period (τ > 1 Gyr). Furthermore, our spectral index measurements correlate with mass surface density for all spectral types. Finally, we compare the average properties of the galaxies in our transitional bins to investigate possible paths to quiescence, and speculate on the viability of a dusty post-starburst phase.
SOFIA FIFI-LS Observations of Sgr B1: Ionization Structure and Sources of Excitation
Authors: Simpson Janet P. , Colgan Sean W. J. , Cotera Angela S. , Kaufman Michael J. , Stolovy Susan R.
Published: October 2018

The current paradigm of Galactic Center (GC) gas motions and star formation envisions sequential star formation in streams of gas as they pass near the supermassive black hole Sgr A*. This is based on the relative positions of dense molecular clouds, the very young star-forming region Sgr B2, the much older region Sgr C, and the several Myr old Arches and Quintuplet Clusters. Because Sgr B1 is found with Sgr B2 in a common envelope of molecular gas and far-infrared emission, the two sources are thought to be physically related, even though there are indicators of a significantly greater age for Sgr B1. To clarify the status of Sgr B1, we have mapped it with the FIFI-LS spectrometer on the Stratospheric Observatory for Infrared Astronomy in the far-infrared lines of [O iii] 52 and 88 μm. From the ratios of these lines and lines measured with the Spitzer Infrared Spectrograph, we find that there are at least eight separate sub-regions that must contain the stars that excite the gas. We infer spectral energy distributions (SEDs) of the ionizing sources from models and find they are in agreement only with SEDs of late O stars augmented at the highest frequencies with interstellar X-rays from fast shocks. We suggest that although the gas, from its velocity structure, must be part of the very young Sgr B2 complex, the stars that are ionizing the gas were not formed there but are the remnants of a previous generation of star formation in the GC.
Influence of environmental factors on the presence of Vibrio cholerae in the marine environment: a climate link
Authors: Pardío Sedas Violeta Trinidad
Published: October 2018

Evidence indicates that the atmospheric and oceanic processes that occur in response to increased greenhouse gases in the broad-scale climate system may already be changing the ecology of infectious diseases. Recent studies have shown that climate also influences the abundance and ecology of pathogens, and the links between pathogens and changing ocean conditions, including human diseases such as cholera. Vibrio cholerae is well recognized as being responsible for significant mortality and economic loss in developing countries, most often centered in tropical areas of the world. Within the marine environment, V. cholerae is found attached to surfaces provided by plants, filamentous green algae, copepods, crustaceans, and insects. The specific environmental changes that amplified plankton and associated bacterial proliferation and govern the location and timing of plankton blooms have been elucidated. Several studies have demonstrated that environmental non-O1 and non-O139 V. cholerae strains and V. cholerae O1 El Tor and O139 are able to form a three-dimensional biofilm on surfaces which provides a microenvironment, facilitating environmental persistence within natural aquatic habitats during interepidemic periods. Revealing the influence of climatic/environmental factors in seasonal patterns is critical to understanding temporal variability of cholera at longer time scales to improve disease forecasting. From an applied perspective, clarifying the mechanisms that link seasonal environmental changes to diseases’ dynamics will aid in developing strategies for controlling diseases across a range of human and natural systems.
Antimicrobial resistance among Streptococcus pneumoniae and Haemophilus influenzae isolates in the United Arab Emirates: 2004-2006
Authors: Senok Abiola , Al-Zarouni Mansour , Al-Najjar Jalila , Nublusi Abeer , Panigrahi Debadatta
Published: October 2018

Background: Streptococcus pneumoniae and Haemophilus influenzae represent key aetiological agents in respiratory tract infections showing an increasing trend of antimicrobial resistance. We present the first report on the antimicrobial resistance in S. pneumoniae and H. influenzae isolated from patients in the United Arab Emirates.
Methods: One hundred S. pneumoniae and 102 H. influenzae strains were isolated from patients with community acquired respiratory tract infections during the study period (October 2004-March 2006). Susceptibility testing to a panel of antibiotics was conducted using disc diffusion and E test. Minimum inhibitory concentrations were interpreted using CLSI and Pharmacokineticpharmacodynamic (PK/PD) breakpoints.
Results: For S. pneumoniae isolates, 57% were penicillin susceptible while 98% were susceptible to amoxicillin/clavulanate with both interpretative criteria. Cefaclor was the least effective cephalosporin with only 57% and 43% of isolates showing susceptibility with CLSI and PK/PD breakpoints respectively. Thirty-six isolates were ofloxacin non-susceptible (intermediate and resistant); three resistant isolates were associated with high ciprofloxacin MICs (>8mg/L). There was elevated macrolide resistance with associated high levels of erythromycin/clindamycin cross-resistance (n=22/30) suggesting predominant erm(B)-mediated resistance and 21% of isolates demonstrated multidrug resistance. For H. influenzae, 18% were beta-lactamase producers. Reduction in cefaclor and cefprozil susceptibility with PK/PD breakpoints (94.1% to 41.2% and 62.7% respectively) was seen and only 1% remained azithromycin and clarithomycin susceptible. For both pathogens, lowest susceptibility was with co-trimoxazole.
Conclusion: These findings indicate a high level of penicillin resistance and continued usefulness of amoxicillin/clavulanate. Elevated macrolide and fluoroquinolone resistance and the occurrence of multidrug resistance indicate a need for continued surveillance.
Apparent vaccine-thimerosal induced hypersensitivity, myelodysplastic syndrome and pancytopenia
Authors: Karsen Hasan , Akdeniz Hayrettin , Karahocagil Mustafa H. , Baran Ali I. , Erten Remzi
Published: October 2018

A case of hypersensitivity reaction, myelodysplastic syndrome and pancytopenia, which developed after an administration of thimerosal-containing tetanus vaccine, is presented and discussed.
Not so neglected diseases
Authors: Sleator Roy D.
Published: October 2018

This item has no abstract. Follow the links below to access the full article.
A list of bees from three locations in the Northern Rockies Ecoregion (NRE) of western Montana
Authors: Reese Elizabeth , Burkle Laura , Delphia Casey , Griswold Terry
Published: October 2018

Wild bees that were collected in conjunction with a larger study are presented as a checklist of species for the Northern Rockies Ecoregion of Montana, USA. Over the course of four field seasons (2013-2016), 281 species and morphospecies in 32 genera and five families were collected using insect nets, and identified. This paper addresses the distinct lack of studies monitoring bee species in Montana and contributes to a basic understanding of fauna in the northern Rocky Mountains.

With this study, the number of known bee species in Montana increases by at least six species, from 366 (Kuhlman and Burrows 2017) to 372. Though literature was not reviewed for all the species on this checklist, published records in Montana revealed no listings forAndrenasaccataViereck;Anthidiellumnotatumrobertsoni(Cockerell);Ashmeadiellameliloti(Cockerell);Ashmeadiellapronitens(Cockerell);ColleteslutzilutziTimberlake; andDioxysproductus(Cresson).
Relationships: The Key to Effective Teams
Authors: Fehr Lola
Published: October 2018

Interprofessional teams are a relatively new organizational structure for the delivery of health care. Appointing people as members of a team does not prepare them for working together efficiently. The building of trust and the development of specific skills are required for teams to reach their full potential in the delivery of quality care.

J Contin Educ Nurs.
2018;49(11):498–499.
New Nurses' Positive Evaluation of Transition-to-Practice Programs
Authors: Smyth Wendy , Pianta Paula , Perkins Rosemary
Published: October 2018

Background:

The established nurse transition-to-practice program offered at one Australian health service underwent significant changes in 2017. This study aimed to gain feedback from the participants in the 2016 and 2017 programs.

Method:

A four-page paper survey was given to participants in the 2016 and 2017 programs.

Results:

Both cohorts were positive about the content, organization, and support provided to them throughout the program.

Conclusion:

The program will continue to undergo incremental improvements to meet the needs of the organization and the graduates. The need to tailor future programs to meet the needs of nurses working in rural and remote facilities has been identified. It has been suggested that options for more dynamic presentations of content also need to be explored.

J Contin Educ Nurs.
2018;49(11):500–506.
Nurses' Use of Appropriate Needle Sizes When Administering Intramuscular Injections
Authors: White Sheila , Goodwin John , Mgmt Dip , Behan Laura
Published: October 2018

Background:

In cases where patients are overweight or obese, administration of intramuscular medications can be ineffective due to inappropriate sizes of needles used. This study investigated whether the size of needles used to administer intramuscular injections is appropriate for patients on the basis of their weight or body mass index.

Method:

This retrospective review examined 100 instances of intramuscular injection on a 50-bed ward.

Results:

In most instances, intramuscular medication was inappropriately administered. Needle sizes were not determined based on body mass index, and the possibility of true intramuscular penetration was minimal. Appropriate needle sizes were more likely to be chosen when instructions were provided with medications.

Conclusion:

Current available needle sizes may be inappropriate for certain patients. Nursing staff require further education to assist them in making correct needle choices. It is also important that health care settings have evidence-based policies in place and the necessary resources provided to ensure safe and correct administration of medication.

J Contin Educ Nurs.
2018;49(11):519–525.
Normal Intraocular Pressure in Children
Authors: Pensiero Stefano , Da Pozzo Stefano , Perissutti Paolo , Cavallini Gian Maria , Guerra Roberto
Published: October 2018

ABSTRACT

The age-related trend values and the normal intraocular pressure (IOP) increase curve from birth through the 16th year of life were studied in 460 subjects with a noncontact tonometer (Keeler Pulsair, Keeler, Ltd, Windsor, Berks, UK). Much lower values than in adults were recorded in subjects up to the age of 3 or 4 years. This finding leads us to believe that in the treatment of infantile glaucoma IOP should be kept within the age physiologic levels, in an attempt to prevent visual field loss and optic atrophy.
Prolonged Grief Disorder and Its Relationship With Perceived Social Support and Depression Among University Students
Authors: Al-Gamal Ekhlas , Saeed Shahad Bin , Victor Agnes , Long Tony
Published: October 2018

The purpose of the current study was to examine the association between prolonged grief disorder, perceived social support, and severity of depression among Saudi Arabian university students after the death of a significant individual. A cross-sectional design was used to examine descriptive characteristics, correlational relationships, and statistical mean differences between male and female participants on prolonged grief disorder (PGD) scores in a convenience sample of Saudi Arabian college students. The Prolonged Grief Disorder-13 tool, Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support, and the revised Beck Depression Inventory
®
were completed by 226 Saudi Arabian undergraduate students. Students reported moderate perceived social support from family, friends, and significant others. Only 13 (5.8%) individuals reported perceived support from academic staff. Students with the highest PGD scores were the least well-supported and most depressed. The need for academic staff and social workers to provide more social support to grieving students is discussed. [
Journal of Psychosocial Nursing and Mental Health Services, 57
(2), 44–51.]
Détermination de la peine et dilemmes éthiques dans le système de justice des mineurs : comprendre la prise de décision des acteurs judiciaires
Authors: Linteau Isabelle , Leclerc Chloé , Lafortune Denis
Published: October 2018

La détermination de la peine chez les adolescents contrevenants est un processus complexe pouvant parfois soulever des dilemmes éthiques. L’objectif de cette étude est de mieux comprendre la prise de décision des acteurs judiciaires en pareilles circonstances. Pour ce faire, des entretiens semi-dirigés ont été menés auprès d’un échantillon de 30 acteurs judiciaires. Après avoir décrit un dilemme éthique vécu lors de leur pratique judiciaire, des procureurs de la Couronne et des délégués à la jeunesse étaient invités à expliquer comment ils avaient tranché leur dilemme. L’analyse des dilemmes racontés par ces acteurs révèle que ces derniers portent majoritairement sur les fondements même de la peine : devaient-ils recommander au tribunal une peine juste, qui rendrait bien compte de la gravité du crime commis, ou devaient-ils plutôt recommander une peine utile, qui répondrait aux besoins du jeune (en termes de réhabilitation) et aux besoins de la société (en termes de prévention de la récidive) ? L’analyse des motifs évoqués par les acteurs judiciaires pour justifier leur décision finale montre comment le choix d’une approche (juste dû, utilitarisme ou position intermédiaire) teinte l’analyse qu’ils font des différents éléments du dossier et le sens qu’ils donnent à ces éléments.
Déjouer les relations de genre. L’art bouffon de la mixité au Mali
Authors: Carbonnel Laure
Published: October 2018

Que devient le genre dans les mains des bouffons rituels kɔrɔduga (korèduga) ? L’art bouffon de jouer avec la mixité sexuelle sera appréhendé à partir de situations d’interlocutions parlées et chantées. Trois modalités de déjouer les rapports de genre sont présentées. La première est la transversalité qui dissipe la division sexuelle (et sociale) des tâches extrêmement prégnantes dans la vie quotidienne. La seconde modalité déjoue les relations statutaires entre hommes et femmes, en inversant le rapport entre statut et activité. Enfin, les performances chantées de l’ensemble des bouffons rituels montrent également le rôle important de l’adresse indirecte pour que des paroles subversives puissent être entendues.
Les Azriat des Aurès, entre émancipation et injonctions nationales
Authors: Ramdani Karima
Published: October 2018

Cet article s’intéresse au statut de femmes libres, les Azriat, durant la colonisation française en Algérie. Les Azriat exerçaient le métier de chanteuses et de danseuses dans l’Est de l’Algérie, dans une région appelée les Aurès. Ces artistes étaient des femmes veuves, divorcées ou répudiées jouissant d’une certaine liberté économique et sexuelle. À l’époque coloniale, leur mode de vie était condamné par les colons qui voyaient en elles l’illustration parfaite d’une société « indigène » décadente, mais il l’était aussi par des mouvements nationalistes occupés à façonner une image de ce que serait la femme algérienne idéale. Les Azriat étaient pourtant tolérées et même honorées par leur communauté car elles étaient perçues comme des artistes à part entière que l’on invitait pour différentes occasions. Cet article étudie la façon dont l’image de ces femmes a été utilisée, dans certaines circonstances, pour créer des frontières racialisées entre colons et « indigènes ». L’analyse de leurs performances artistiques permet également d’interroger une forme atypique de subjectivation et de transgression des normes de genre et de « race », et de rendre audibles les expériences de ces sujets pris dans différents rapports de domination.
Safety and efficacy of PNL vs RIRS in the management of stones located in horseshoe kidneys: A critical comparative evaluation
Authors: Eryildirim Bilal , Kucuk Eyup Veli , Atis Gokhan , Ozturk Metin , Senkul Temucin , Tuncer Murat , Tahra Ahmet , Turan Turgay , Koca Orhan , Ates Ferhat , Yilmaz Omer , Gurbuz Cenk , Sarica Kemal
Published: October 2018

Aim: To assess the efficacy and safety of two different techniques (Percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PNL) vs Retrograde intrarenal surgery (RIRS)) in the management of stones in patients with horseshoe kidneys (HSK). Patients and methods: Departmental files of 88 cases with radiopaque kidney stones in horseshoe kidneys undergoing two different approaches (PNL vs RIRS) were evaluated with respect to the success and complication rates of in a retrospective manner. In addition to the factors related with the procedures (success and complication rates, additional procedures), patient and stone characteristics were all well evaluated. Findings obtained in both groups were evaluated in a comparative manner with respect to the statistical significance. Results: Stone free rates were comparable in both groups after 1-week period (81.6% PNL vs 80% RIRS). As well as 3 months evaluation (84.2% PNL and 82.0% RIRS). The percentage of the cases with residual fragments (> 4 mm) were similar in both groups and while all PNL procedures were completed in one session, mean number of RIRS sessions was higher (1.22 ± 0.05). Mean duration of the procedure was slightly higher in RIRS group and based on Clavien scoring system, despite a higher risk of Hb drop noted in patients treated with PNL, all complication rates were found to be similar in both groups. Conclusion: Our results demonstrate that of the available minimally invasive treatment alternatives, both PNL and RIRS could be safe and effective alternatives for renal stone removal in patients with HSK.
Ultrasound follow up: Is an undetected spontaneous expulsion of stone fragments a sign of extracorporeal shock wave treatment failure in kidney stones?
Authors: Bianchi Grazia , Marega Diego , Knez Roberto , Bucci Stefano , Trombetta Carlo
Published: October 2018

Introduction. After extracorporeal lithotripsy (SWL), a spontaneous expulsion of fragments is often reported. The aim of this study is to demonstrate the presence of a stone free status or the presence of clinically insignificant residual fragments (CIRFs, defined as “asymptomatic, noninfectious, ≤ 3 mm fragments”) in people with undetected spontaneous expulsion. Materials and methods. Between May and September 2017, we performed a total of 87 treatments. The device used was a Storz Medical Modulith® SLK. All the patients were treated in prone position to reduce respiratory movements and underwent sonography before and four to eight weeks after the treatment. An in line ultrasound targeting was possible with all the stones. People lost to follow up or with ureteral stones were excluded. Patients were divided in groups according to gender, previous treatments, stone diameter and position. Results. We enrolled 73 patients. 57 patients had a single stone and 16 multiple stones. A mean number of 3044 shock waves was administered with a maximum average energy of 0.68mj/mmq. At follow up, 41 patients (56.2%) were found stone free or with CIRFs. The association between undetected expulsion and the presence of CIRFs is considered to be not statistically significant (p = 0.89). Among patients with CIRFs, 25/41 didn’t report expulsion. Taking in account the groups our population was divided in, according to gender (p = 0.36), previous treatments (p = 0.44), stone diameter (p = 0.28) and stone position (p = 0.35), the association between undetected spontaneous expulsion and presence of CIRFs was never statistically significant. Conclusions. An undetected spontaneous expulsion of stone fragments could not be considered a sign of SWL treatment failure. The association between undetected expulsion and presence of CIRFs is never statistically significant if gender of the patients, previous treatments, stone diameter and stone position are considered.
Effect of variant histology presence and squamous differentiation on oncological results and patient’s survival after radical cystectomy
Authors: Sefik Ertugrul , Celik Serdar , Basmaci Ismail , Yarımoglu Serkan , Bozkurt Ibrahim Halil , Yonguc Tarık , Gunlusoy Bulent
Published: October 2018

Objective: To evaluate the effect of variant histology on pathological and survival findings in patients undergoing radical cystectomy due to muscle invasive bladder cancer. Materials and methods: Data from 146 patients with radical cystectomy performed due to muscle-invasive urothelial carcinoma between January 2006 to November 2016 at our clinic were investigated. The preoperative and postoperative data of patients with variant histology were compared with nonvariant urothelial carcinoma patients. Then of patients with variant histology only those with squamous differentiation (SqD) were compared with nonvariant urothelial carcinoma patients in terms of preoperative, postoperative and survival data. Results: Of the 146 patients, 23 had carcinoma with variant histology. Of these, 17 had SqD, 4 had glandular differentiation, 1 patient had plasmocytoid variant and 1 patient had sarcomatoid variant. In patients with variant histology, postoperative T stage and upstaging was higher, with no difference observed in terms of overall and cancer-specific survival compared with nonvariant urothelial cancer patients. SqD patients were observed to have higher postoperative T stage compared to nonvariant urothelial cancer patients, with no significant difference observed in terms of survival. Conclusions: In cystectomy pathologies, patients with variant histology (especially SqD patients) were observed to have proportionally higher T stage compared to nonvariant urothelial carcinoma; however there were no significant differences for overall survival and cancer-specific survival.
Primary melanoma of the bladder: Case report and review of the literature
Authors: Barillaro Francesco , Camilli Marco , Dessanti Paolo , Gorji Nader , Chiesa Fabio , Villa Alessandro , Pastorino Alessandro , Aschele Carlo , Conti Enrico
Published: October 2018

Skin melanoma represents one of the most common and lethal solid tumor. It usually develops on the skin but it can occur in any tissues with melanine- containing-cells (extracutaneous malignant melanoma). Only 4-5% of malignant melanomas originate in extracutaneous tissues, and they have an extremely lethal behavior (1). These non-skin malignant melanomas are rare but extremely aggressive. Primary melanoma of the genitourinary tract accounts for less than 0.2% of all melanomas. To date only 28 cases of primary bladder melanoma (PMM) are described. We report a rare case of PMM of the bladder in a 72 years old man treated with radical cystectomy and immunotherapy with Nivolumab.
Evangelisasie
Authors: De Wet J.I.
Published: October 2018

No abstract available.
Die huidige stand van die etiek
Authors: Dreyer P.S.
Published: October 2018

No abstract available.
Die herderlijken brief van die Sinode van 1837
Authors: Pont A.D.
Published: October 2018

No abstract available.
Calvin and the Corpus Christianum
Authors: Engelbrecht B.J.
Published: October 2018

No abstract available.
Zur antropologie calvins menchenwürde - Imago dei zwischen humanistischem und theologischem ansatz
Authors: Esser Hans Helmut
Published: October 2018

No abstract available.
Calvyn en die ekumene
Authors: Van Zyl F.J.
Published: October 2018

No asbtract available.
Die werk van die Heilige Gees
Authors: Engelbrecht B.J.
Published: October 2018

No abstract available.
Die Garisma van die spreek in tale (Glossolalie)
Authors: Van Zyl F.J.
Published: October 2018

No abstract available.
Duiwelbesetenheid en duiweluitdrywery in die lig van die nuwe testament
Authors: Van Wyk D.J.C.
Published: October 2018

No abstract available.
Boekbespreking
Authors: Antonites A.J. , Booysen D.J. , Loader J.A. , Van der Westhuizen H.G.
Published: October 2018

No abstract available.
Mesoscale fine structure of a tropopause fold over mountains
Authors: Woiwode Wolfgang , Dörnbrack Andreas , Bramberger Martina , Friedl-Vallon Felix , Haenel Florian , Höpfner Michael , Johansson Sören , Kretschmer Erik , Krisch Isabell , Latzko Thomas , Oelhaf Hermann , Orphal Johannes , Preusse Peter , Sinnhuber Björn-Martin , Ungermann Jörn
Published: October 2018

Abstract. We report airborne remote-sensing observations of a tropopause fold during
two crossings of the polar front jet over northern Italy on 12 January 2016.
The GLORIA (Gimballed Limb Observer for Radiance Imaging of the Atmosphere)
observations allowed for a simultaneous mapping of temperature, water vapour,
and ozone. They revealed deep, dry, and ozone-rich intrusions into the
troposphere. The mesoscale fine structures of dry filaments at the cyclonic
shear side north of the jet and tongues of moist air entraining tropospheric
air into the stratosphere along the anticyclonic shear side south of the jet
were clearly resolved by GLORIA observations. Vertically propagating mountain
waves with recorded temperature residuals exceeding ±3 K were detected
above the Apennines. Their presence enhanced gradients of all variables
locally in the vicinity of the tropopause. The combination of
H2O−O3 correlations with potential temperature reveals an active
mixing region and shows clear evidence of troposphere-to-stratosphere and
stratosphere-to-troposphere exchange. High-resolution short-term
deterministic forecasts of ECMWF's integrated forecast system (IFS) applying
GLORIA's observational filter reproduce location, shape, and depth of the
tropopause fold very well. The fine structure of the mixing region, however,
cannot be reproduced even with the 9 km horizontal resolution of the
IFS, used here. This case study demonstrates convincingly the capabilities of linear
limb-imaging observations to resolve mesoscale fine structures in the upper
troposphere and lower stratosphere, validates the high quality of the IFS
data, and suggests that mountain wave perturbations have the potential to
modulate exchange processes in the vicinity of tropopause folds.
Can downwelling far-infrared radiances over Antarctica be estimated from mid-infrared information?
Authors: Bellisario Christophe , Brindley Helen E. , Tett Simon F. B. , Rizzi Rolando , Di Natale Gianluca , Palchetti Luca , Bianchini Giovanni
Published: October 2018

Abstract. Far-infrared (FIR: 100 cm−1
Nitrogen dioxide and formaldehyde measurements from the GEOstationary Coastal and Air Pollution Events (GEO-CAPE) Airborne Simulator over Houston, Texas
Authors: Nowlan Caroline R. , Liu Xiong , Janz Scott J. , Kowalewski Matthew G. , Chance Kelly , Follette-Cook Melanie B. , Fried Alan , González Abad Gonzalo , Herman Jay R. , Judd Laura M. , Kwon Hyeong-Ahn , Loughner Christopher P. , Pickering Kenneth E. , Richter Dirk , Spinei Elena , Walega James , Weibring Petter , Weinheimer Andrew J.
Published: October 2018

Abstract. The GEOstationary Coastal and Air Pollution Events (GEO-CAPE)
Airborne Simulator (GCAS) was developed in support of NASA's decadal survey
GEO-CAPE geostationary satellite mission. GCAS is an airborne push-broom
remote-sensing instrument, consisting of two channels which make
hyperspectral measurements in the ultraviolet/visible (optimized for air
quality observations) and the visible–near infrared (optimized for ocean
color observations). The GCAS instrument participated in its first intensive
field campaign during the Deriving Information on Surface Conditions from
Column and Vertically Resolved Observations Relevant to Air Quality
(DISCOVER-AQ) campaign in Texas in September 2013. During this campaign, the
instrument flew on a King Air B-200 aircraft during 21 flights on 11 days to
make air quality observations over Houston, Texas. We present GCAS trace gas
retrievals of nitrogen dioxide (NO2) and formaldehyde
(CH2O), and compare these results with trace gas columns derived
from coincident in situ profile measurements of NO2 and
CH2O made by instruments on a P-3B aircraft, and with NO2
observations from ground-based Pandora spectrometers operating in direct-sun
and scattered light modes. GCAS tropospheric column measurements correlate
well spatially and temporally with columns estimated from the P-3B
measurements for both NO2 (r2=0.89) and CH2O
(r2=0.54) and with Pandora direct-sun (r2=0.85) and scattered light
(r2=0.94) observed NO2 columns. Coincident GCAS columns agree
in magnitude with NO2 and CH2O P-3B-observed columns to
within 10 % but are larger than scattered light Pandora tropospheric
NO2 columns by 33 % and direct-sun Pandora NO2
columns by 50 %.
Limited impact of El Niño–Southern Oscillation on variability and growth rate of atmospheric methane
Authors: Schaefer Hinrich , Smale Dan , Nichol Sylvia E. , Bromley Tony M. , Brailsford Gordon W. , Martin Ross J. , Moss Rowena , Englund Michel Sylvia , White James W. C.
Published: October 2018

Abstract. The El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO) has been suggested
as a strong forcing in the methane cycle and as a driver of recent trends in
global atmospheric methane mole fractions [CH4]. Such a sensitivity
of the global CH4 budget to climate events would have important
repercussions for climate change mitigation strategies and the accuracy of
projections for future greenhouse forcing. Here, we test the impact of ENSO
on atmospheric CH4 in a correlation analysis. We use local and
global records of [CH4], as well as stable carbon isotopic records
of atmospheric CH4 (δ13CH4), which are
particularly sensitive to the combined ENSO effects on CH4
production from wetlands and biomass burning. We use a variety of nominal,
smoothed, and detrended time series including growth rate records. We find
that at most 36 % of the variability in [CH4] and
δ13CH4 is attributable to ENSO, but only for detrended
records in the southern tropics. Trend-bearing records from the southern
tropics, as well as all studied hemispheric and global records, show a minor
impact of ENSO, i.e. < 24 % of variability explained. Additional
analyses using hydrogen cyanide (HCN) records show a detectable ENSO
influence on biomass burning (up to 51 %–55 %), suggesting that it
is wetland CH4 production that responds less to ENSO than
previously suggested. Dynamics of the removal by hydroxyl likely counteract
the variation in emissions, but the expected isotope signal is not evident.
It is possible that other processes obscure the ENSO signal, which itself
indicates a minor influence of the latter on global CH4 emissions.
Trends like the recent rise in atmospheric [CH4] can therefore not
be attributed to ENSO. This leaves anthropogenic methane sources as the
likely driver, which must be mitigated to reduce anthropogenic climate
change.
Middle and Late Pleistocene climate and continentality inferred from ice wedges at Batagay megaslump in the Northern Hemisphere’s most continental region, Yana Highlands, interior Yakutia
Authors: Opel Thomas , Murton Julian B. , Wetterich Sebastian , Meyer Hanno , Ashastina Kseniia , Günther Frank , Grotheer Hendrik , Mollenhauer Gesine , Danilov Petr P. , Boeskorov Vasily , Savvinov Grigoriy N. , Schirrmeister Lutz
Published: October 2018

Abstract. Ice wedges in the Yana Highlands of interior Yakutia – the most continental region of the Northern Hemisphere – were investigated to elucidate the winter climate and continentality during the Middle to Late Pleistocene. The Batagay megaslump exposes ice wedges and composite wedges that were sampled from three cryostratigraphic units: the lower sand unit of Marine Isotope Stage (MIS) 6 age, the upper Ice Complex (Yedoma) and the upper sand unit (both MIS3 to MIS2). A terrace of the nearby Adycha River provides a Late Holocene (MIS1) ice wedge that serves as a modern endmember for analysis. Stable-isotope values of ice wedges in the MIS3 upper Yedoma Ice Complex at Batagay are more depleted (mean δ18O about −35 ‰) than those from 17 other ice-wedge sites across coastal and central Yakutia. This observation points to lower winter temperatures and, therefore, higher continentality in the Yana Highlands during MIS3. Likewise, more depleted isotope values compared to other sites in Yakutia are found in Holocene wedge ice (mean δ18O about −29 ‰). Ice-wedge isotopic signatures of the MIS6 lower sand unit (mean δ18O about −33 ‰) and of the MIS3-2 upper sand unit (mean δ18O from about −33 to −30 ‰) are less distinctive regionally and preserve traces of fast formation in rapidly accumulating sand sheets and of post-depositional fractionation.
A small-volume multiplexed pumping system for automated, high-frequency water chemistry measurements in volume-limited applications
Authors: Maxwell Bryan M. , Birgand François , Smith Brad , Aveni-Deforge Kyle
Published: October 2018

Abstract. An automated multiplexed pumping system (MPS) for high-frequency water chemistry measurements at multiple locations previously showed the ability to increase spatial and temporal data resolution and improve understanding of biogeochemical processes in aquatic environments and at the land–water interface. The design of the previous system precludes its use in volume-limited applications in which highly frequent measurements requiring a large sample volume would significantly affect observed processes. A small-volume MPS was designed to minimize the sample volume while still providing high-frequency data. The system was tested for cross-contamination between multiple sources, and two applications of the technology are reported. Cross-contamination from multiple sources was shown to be negligible when using recommended procedures. Short-circuiting of flow in a bioreactor was directly observed using high-frequency porewater sampling in a well network, and the small-volume MPS showed high seasonal and spatial variability of nitrate removal in stream sediments, enhancing data collected from in situ mesocosms. The results show it is possible to obtain high-frequency data in volume-limited applications. The technology is most promising at the reach or transect scale for observing porewater solute dynamics over daily timescales, with data intervals  < 1 h for up to 12 locations.