bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Emotion Symphony: Deep Learning Journey Through Human Facial Emotions
Authors: Kalyani Vangapandu Venkata
Published: April 2024

Abstract: In today's technologically advanced world, understanding human emotions holds paramount importance in various domains ranging from human-computer interaction to mental health diagnosis. Emotions are primarily conveyed through facial expressions, making facial emotion recognition a crucial area of research. This project, "Emotion Symphony," embarks on a deep learning journey aimed at developing an efficient system for recognizing and interpreting human facial emotions. The project employs state-of-the-art deep learning techniques to extract meaningful features from facial images and map them to corresponding emotional states. Leveraging convolutional neural networks (CNNs) and recurrent neural networks (RNNs), the system is designed to analyse subtle nuances in facial expressions, capturing both spatial and temporal dependencies for accurate emotion recognition. To train the model, extensive datasets comprising diverse facial expressions are utilized, ensuring robustness and generalization of the proposed system. Additionally, data augmentation techniques are employed to enhance the model's ability to handle variations in lighting conditions, poses, and facial expressions.
Design, Analysis and Fabrication of Manually Operated Seed Sowing Machine
Authors: Kishore Dr. D. Sai Chaitanya
Published: April 2024

Abstract: Sowing machine should be suitable to all farms, all types of corps, robust construction, also it should be reliable, and this is basic requirement of sowing machine. Manually operated seed sowing machine reduces the efforts of farmers thus increasing the efficiency of planting also reduces the problem encountered in manual planting. Manually operated seed sowing machine can plant different types and different sizes of seeds also can vary the space between two seeds while planting. This increases the planting efficiency and accuracy. The focus of this research work is to design, analysis of plough and fabricate a low-cost Manually Operated Seed Sowing Machine for effective handling of the machine by any farmer or by any untrained worker with simplified design. The components of seed sowing machine were modelled by using Auto CAD 2022. Analysis of plough was performed by using Ansys 2023-student version. The fabricated seed sowing machine perform the various simultaneous operations and saves labour requirement so as labour cost, labour time and also save lots of energy.
Addressing Disparities in Vision Health and Eye Care in the US
Authors: Dave Pallav
Published: April 2024

Health disparities are a prevalent issue that continues to affect health outcomes. In ophthalmology, these disparities affect eye care utilization increasing the burden of eye care disorders and vision impairment/loss. Various factors contribute to disparities in vision care. They include age, gender, socioeconomic status, geographic location, and race and ethnicity. These factors make it difficult for people affected by eye conditions to access care. Addressing these disparities can help to increase eye care utilization and improve patient outcomes. Some measures that can address these disparities and increase utilization are providing patient education, increasing insurance coverage, implementing community-based eye care programs, using teleophthalmology, providing transport services, providing reminder alerts, and creating community centres that are federally funded among others. This review seeks to identify measures that can help to address disparities in vision and eye care in the US. The review also identifies drivers of health disparities in vision health and how they affect the ability to access care.
Keywords: eye disorders, disparities, vision health, eye care, utilization
Factors that Increase the Risk of Inflammatory Bowel Disease
Authors: Dave Pallav
Published: April 2024

Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a chronic disorder of the gastrointestinal tract. It comprises Crohn’s disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC) The disorder begins in young adulthood. It is characterised by remission and relapse. IBD significantly affects a person’s life more so, their productivity and ability to perform activities of daily living. Although IBD is prevalent in Western countries, the recent epidemiology data shows a rising global prevalence and incidence. Addressing IBD is important. Although it is not significantly associated with high morbidity rates, it is a significant burden to healthcare. Identifying the risk factors of IBD can help in improving preventative measures. Since IBD does not have a known cure, controlling for these factors can minimize the impact of the disease. Some of the risk factors that increase the risk of IBD are genetics, environmental factors such as smoking, diet, lifestyle changes, medications, and intestinal microbiome. Identifying the factors that contribute to the risk of developing IBD can help in creating effective measures that can prevent the pathogenesis of the disease.
Keywords: Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), Crohn’s disease (CD), ulcerative colitis (UC), environmental factors, microbiota
CARACTERÍSTICAS DEL TRASTORNO DEL DESARROLLO DEL LENGUAJE EN LECTURA Y ESCRITURA EN PRIMER CICLO BÁSICO
Authors: Rebolledo Luna Verónica , Farías Cáceres Kiara , Figueroa Sandoval Michel , San Martín Alarcón Verónica , Sbarbaro Eriz Ricci
Published: April 2024

Este artículo presenta los hallazgos de una investigación exploratoria que abordó la medición de variables asociadas a la comprensión lectora y producción de textos en individuos con Trastorno del Desarrollo del Lenguaje (TDL). El objetivo principal es describir y comparar el rendimiento en lectura y escritura entre estudiantes que presentan TDL y sus pares normotípicos del primer ciclo básico. La muestra del estudio incluyó a 32 estudiantes de primer ciclo básico, quienes fueron sometidos a una evaluación estandarizada de comprensión lectora y producción de textos (CL-PT). Los resultados revelaron que los lectores con TDL mostraron desempeños más bajos en las dimensiones evaluadas por la prueba, y se evidenciaron diferencias estadísticamente significativas entre los dos grupos participantes.
A Comparative Lexical Analysis of Kazakh, Russian and English Children’s Folklore
Authors: Tokpayeva Lyazzat Sabirovna , Kuzembayeva Gulzhana Aytzhanovna , Spulber Diana Pavlovna
Published: April 2024

Occupying a special position in the oral folk art of any nation, children’s folklore is a complex field, which interrelates two areas: folklore for children and folklore created by children, learned from adults, and passed on from some children to other children. Human world and values are reflected in folklore - thus the ethnographic study of children’s folklore contributes to the understanding of the specifics of various cultures, and children’s participation in them. The purpose of the study is to describe children’s folklore in the Kazakh, Russian, and English languages from the linguistic and cultural comparative perspectives. The importance of identifying the lexical and phraseological features of different genres of children’s folklore and describing their common and culturally marked characteristics lies in the fact that despite the availability of ethnographic studies of children’s folklore in some cultures, there doesn’t exist a single research on cross-cultural comparative perspectives of various genres of children’s folklore. The study employed analytical descriptive, and comparative methods. The research data were collected through the online sociolinguistic surveys parallelly conducted in the Republic of Kazakhstan and the Russian Federation. Texts of children’s folklore in English were taken from the collections Nursery Rhymes and Mother Goose’s Songs . The amount of research data made nearly 2000 Kazakh, Russian and English children’s folklore texts. The study revealed that the genre variety of children’s folklore leaves an imprint on the language of each genre. The lexical and phraseological analysis of various genres of children’s folklore demonstrated an active use of neologisms, transrational language and personal names. Children’s folklore is characterized not only by genre and intragenre dynamics, but also by historical changes.
Types of Synesthesia in B. Pasternak’s Story “Childhood Luvers” (“Childhood Eyelets”)
Authors: Trufanova Irina V.
Published: April 2024

The study is devoted to the issue of developing a typology of synesthesia. In our card index there are 40,000 examples from the works of Russian writers, in the story “Childhood Luvers” (“Childhood Eyelets”) there are about 200 of them, there are 32 types of synesthesia in the story, and, if synaesthesia is included in synesthesia, there are about 40. The study is written on the material of the story “Childhood of Eyelets” by B. Pasternak “, since the story reveals rare types of synesthesia, without which the typology of synesthesia would be incomplete. The lack of a consensus on the mechanism of synesthesia, a generally accepted definition of synesthesia, a generally accepted typology, and the discovery of new forms by psychologists determine the relevance of our work. The purpose of the study is to describe synesthesia in the story “Childhood Luvers” (“Childhood Eyelets”). Scientific novelty is determined by the development of a new typology of synesthesia, the introduction of original linguistic material into linguistic use, since previously synesthesia in the prose of B. Pasternak was not the subject of linguistic research, a description of occasional synesthesia (In the works of predecessors, the subject of analysis was mainly usual synesthesia). The peculiarity of the typology of synesthesia proposed in the article is the synthesis of typologies of synesthesia existing in linguistics and psychology. The need for such a synthesis is substantiated; The signs of occasional synesthesia are listed. The set goal determined the choice of integrative analysis of linguistic and psychological data as a research method. This method made it possible to describe occasional synesthesia, which is the cornerstone of B. Pasternak’s poetics; establish that the heroine of the story is a synesthete of visual touch; and also to identify in the story types of synesthesia that were not previously identified in linguistics: the sensation of a person in color, in geometric form, the sensation of a word in color, the sensation of a word by weight, taste, smoothness-roughness, moisture-dryness, as having a temperature, etc. Verbal Synesthesia is highlighted in our article for the first time in linguistics and psychology.
Comparative Analysis of Contextual Usage of the Lexemes мiръ / миръ / мир and their translations into Spanish
Authors: Chichina Marina O.
Published: April 2024

In the critical literature devoted to the L.N. Tolstoy’s novel «War and Peace», the contradictory contexts of usage of the lexemes мiръ / миръ / мир and their relation to homonymy, were repeatedly discussed. The study is a comparative analysis of the contexts of usage of the lexems мiръ/ миръ / мир in Russian in the texts of the «War and Peace» novel by L.N. Tolstoy, as well as their translation into Spanish. The author refers to two editions of the novel - in 1912, before the spelling reform of 1918, and mid-20th century, as part of the 90-volume edition of the works of L.N. Tolstoy. The aim of the study is the comparative analysis of the semantics of the мiръ / миръ / мир in connection with the idea of the novel-epic. It is determined in what context and why L.N. Tolstoy prefers the lexemes of мiръ / миръ / мир , and also considered the use of the word глобус ‘globe’, meaning the ‘world’. The conclusions of the work are a proposal to introduce in the commentary to the novel interpretations of the meaning of the word peace in accordance with the context of the media world , in the curricula of students-philologists, as well as to take into consideration the data in translations into foreign languages, Spanish in particular,. Taking into account the specificity of semantics of words Mir and Worlds in the pre-revolutionary edition and the word world in the modern editions of the novel-epic «War and Peace» and their functioning with the literary text under the consideration contributes to revealing the idea of the multi-layered work, a special place in the artistic heritage of L.N. Tolstoy.
Phraseologigal Units with an Evaluative Component in Public Speech of Modern Politicians
Authors: Zhunussova Zhanyl N. , Nugumanova Aliya N. , Volkova Yana A.
Published: April 2024

Under the conditions of modern realities, among linguists, there exists an interestingness in studying political texts. By transmitting the abundant information to millions of people, it is possible to have a significant impact not only on public opinion, but also to influence everyday life, relationships between individuals, and shape the behavior of a society. Phraseological units functioning in political communication are able to express a thought most vividly, carry an evaluative meaning, and have a manipulative effect on an addressee. The relevance of the study is due to the relatively weak coverage of studies of phraseology as a component of the political discursive and communicative space based on the comparative material of speeches by Russian and Kazakh politicians. The purpose of this study is to examine the phraseological units of public speech, containing an evaluative component, delivered by politicians of the two countries. The study uses a continuous sampling technique, content analysis, as well as a descriptive and analytical method. The result of the study is an analysis of distinctive features, a comparison of the appliance of political phraseology in the political space of Russia and Kazakhstan. However, it should be noted that there has not been formed a unified classification of evaluative phraseological units in political discourse. The authors of the article distinguish the regularity of separating phraseological units into negative and positive contexts, and political phraseology is most often provided in the form of the opposition good - bad // self - other . Special attention is drawn to the analysis of proverbs and sayings in political speech. The authors marked the tendency self - other opposition in political speech on a rigid axiological basis, which is associated with the opposition of good - bad . In the course of the study, we noted that Kazakh politicians are less likely to turn to the categorical assessment of others, and do not use specific subjects of political activity as opponents. The description of the methods of transformation of phraseological units on the material of public speeches makes it possible for the addressee to formulate a point of view on any subject or phenomenon, evaluate it or give it a new stylistic nuance.
Morphological Methods of Noun-Origin Derivatives Creation in Secondary Root Formation in the Modern Standard Arabic Language
Authors: Vavichkina Tatiana A. , Stepanyan Karen N. , Vlasova Yulia E.
Published: April 2024

The study is devoted to the topic of Arabic generic derivatives formed from nouns аccording to Masdar models of four-letter bases from names of states, organizations, their abbreviations, which is little represented in the academic literature. The authors set a goal to analyze and generalize the features and methods of secondary root formation in the Arabic on the material of the lexical corpus of derivatives grouped by semantic and word-formation identity. The data source was the texts of modern Arabic-language media. Sixty-six lexemes-neologisms with the general semantics of the process or state and formed according to the Masdar models of the fourletter basis were selected by the continuous sampling method. The selected lexemes were examined in asynchronous aspect and were subjected to lexico-morphological analysis. It was concluded that all the studied neologisms were formed on a morphological basis. The leading method is lexical derivation, which can proceed with the participation of word-forming formants, phonetic expanders, gemination of the root element, and without suffixation. All lexical derivatives were formed along the traditional path known and described by historians of the Arabic. The process examined in the article turned out to be analogous to the hypothesis of the formation of three-letter bases based on two root consonants accepted in Arabic studies. This allowed the authors suggest that new fourletter bases appear from existing three-letter roots, which over time can potentially become the base of four-letter roots, which will lead to the expansion of Arabic roots and the formation of new word-formation nests.
Bakhtin’s Philosophical Anthropology in Translation: Rhetoric Devices and Text Cohesion
Authors: Bruffaerts Natalia Sergeevna , Moskvitcheva Svetlana A.
Published: April 2024

The concepts developed by Mikhail Mikhailovich Bakhtin, a Russian theoretiсian of the 20th century, have had an important impact on the evolution of paradigms in humanities. However, his later works on literary theory continue to be far better known than his early essays on philosophical anthropology despite their key role in shaping Bakhtin’s thought. Published achronologically and imbued with innovative terms, Bakhtin’s works were sometimes translated by those who were unfamiliar with his concepts. The purpose of this study is to examine one of the earliest Bakhtin’s essays, Author and Hero in Aesthetic Activity , through a comparative perspective. The analysis is based on its French (1984) and English (1990) translations. It aims at revealing how the mechanisms of text cohesion and rhetoric are rendered in translation in order to convey the author’s ideas. The analysis has shown that the strategies chosen by the translators into French and English do not coincide and vary from ellipsis in French to amplification in English. The choice of coreferential models turns out to play a crucial role in structuring ideas in the target texts.
Spatial differentiation in food service pricing: an explorative study with web-scraped data
Authors: Kim Yong Jee , Jung Jinho , Yu Kihwan , Kim Sanghyo , Olynk Widmar Nicole
Published: April 2024

Food delivery applications have grown rapidly in recent years, fueled by increasing consumer demand for convenience and prepared foods. Previous studies on what factors encourage consumers to use delivery platforms rely largely on survey data, likely due to the lack of availability of restaurant or industry level data. Utilizing web-scraping techniques to collect restaurant level data from one of the biggest delivery applications in South Korea, Yogiyo, this study conducts an analysis on spatial market structure of the restaurant business. Through restaurant level data, market expansion, changes in the number of restaurants to order from, and changes in prices across regions with delivery application are considered. Analysis suggests that the average number of orderable restaurants increased from a nearby 2.3 restaurants to distant 13.5 restaurants with customers willingly paying for delivery fees according to distance via the delivery application. As the restaurant delivery market becomes spatially more competitive with an additional 13.5 restaurants, it is found that aggregate prices totaled with food prices and delivery fees from two restaurants in different locations converge to serve the customers between the two restaurants. In addition, the increased degree of competition due to increased number of restaurants leads the aggregate prices to decrease by between 5.13 and 7.56%, depending on regional characteristics.
Competitive parity in chain management – factors that influence the long-term compliance with product and quality criteria along the chain
Authors: Richter Barbara , Hanf Jon H.
Published: April 2024

Focal firms in the agri-food business must take strategic measures to ensure certain product and quality characteristics along the value chain. This is necessary in order to be able to keep up with competitors in the long term. Research shows that competitive parity, in addition to competitive advantage, should be considered as a strategic dimension. In the production of food, often several actors are involved and the focal firm (that is primarily responsible for the product) must organize the business relationships along the chain in such a way that the desired outcome is achieved in the short and long term. The achievement and safeguarding of competitive parity have been little researched so far. Up to now, there has only been a systematic literature review on this topic. Therefore, this aim of this research is to examine which factors influence the construct of competitive parity. Based on the findings of the literature review and further literature on the management of value chains, a theoretical framework is developed. A first empirical application of the model makes it possible to derive recommendations for action for focal firms in the agri-food industry. Therefore, we conduct a quantitative survey in the wine industry. PLS-SEM is used to analyze the model, using SmartPLS software. This research is the first to empirically investigate the strategic relevance of competitive parity in the agri-food business. The results show that chain management needs to pay attention to competitive parity besides the competitive advantage. Whereas the measures of cooperation have a stronger effect on achieving a competitive advantage, the measures of coordination have a stronger effect on achieving competitive parity. The constructs of power and trust — in contrast to the existing basis of resources and capabilities in the company — seem to have a significant influence on cooperation and coordination.
Effects of Infliximab on patients with COVID-19: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Ataei Aboalfazl , Orandi Amirhossein , Malekabad Ebadallah Shiri , Sharbafi MohammadHossein , Hashemi Payam
Published: April 2024

Despite the control of the COVID-19 pandemic, it remains one of the main
concerns of healthcare systems throughout the world. Inflammation and
hyper-reactive immune system play an essential role in developing
SARS-CoV-2 infection, particularly in immunocompromised patients.
Infliximab, an anti-TNFα antibody that is used in autoimmune disorders,
may exert an important role in alleviating inflammation and
hyper-reactive immunity. In this systematic review and meta-analysis, we
have concluded that Infliximab can significantly decrease the mortality
rate in patients with COVID-19. Conversely, it did not have a
significant effect on the rate of hospitalization, mechanical
ventilation, and adverse events during SARS-CoV-2 infection. More
studies on the influence of Infliximab on patients with COVID-19 are
warranted.
Long-term Effect of Orthokeratology On Controlling Myopia Progression in Children With Allergic Conjunctivitis: A Retrospective Study with a Three-Year Follow-up
Authors: niu xiaoguang , Zhang Hongda , Zhang Mengxue , Wu Shujuan , Xia Guimei , Xu Man
Published: April 2024

Purpose: To observe whether the effect of orthokeratology (OK)
lenses on myopia control in children with allergic conjunctivitis (AC)
after three years of wear differs from that in children without allergic
conjunctivitis (nAC) and to identify potential influencing factors.
Methods: This was a retrospective case‒control study. Patients
aged 8-15 years who were fitted with OK lenses in 2019 and had a
spherical equivalent (SE) between -6 and -0.75 dioptres and astigmatism
≥-1.50 D were collected. A three-year follow-up was also conducted,
documenting all corneal adverse events (AEs) and the increase in axial
length (AL) of the eye after three years of wearing OK lenses. Patients
were divided into groups with and without AC based on their medical
history and physical signs at the initial fitting. Only the right eye
data of patients were used for statistical analysis. Baseline data and
AL elongation after three years were compared between the two groups.
Results: A total of 309 patients were included in this study,
with 47 in the AC group and 262 in the nAC group. There were no
statistically significant differences between the two groups in terms of
age , sex, SE, AL of the eye and environment. During the three-year
follow-up period, 20 patients (42.6%) in the AC group and 75 patients
(28.6%) in the nAC group experienced AEs, and these two groups were not
significantly different ( P=0.057). After three years of OK lens
wear, the AL elongation in the AC group was 0.96±0.45 mm, whereas it was
0.69±0.45 mm in the nAC group (P<0.001). The AL elongation in
AC patients was significantly greater than that in nAC patients. AL
elongation was not correlated with the occurrence of AEs. In the AC
group, AL elongation was correlated only with age, while in the nAC
group, axial elongation was related to age, initial SE, and initial AL.
Conclusions: In children with AC, the effect of wearing OK
lenses on controlling axial elongation is weaker than that in patients
without AC. This attenuation is unrelated to the occurrence of corneal
AEs.
Hydrohill: A great public works created by Wei-Zu Gu for experimental hydrology
Authors: Liao Aimin , liu jiufu , Zhang Jianyun , Lin Jin , Liu Hongwei , Ma Tao , Wang Niu , Wang Wenzhong , Hu Pengcheng
Published: April 2024

Hydrology has a long history due to its early origin, but it is still
considered young due to lack of a solid scientific foundation as a
natural science. To lay a solid foundation of hydrology, field
experimentation is crucial for investigating hydrological processes and
revealing hydrological mechanisms. Professor Wei-Zu Gu (1932–2022) was
an internationally renowned scientist in the field of hydrology and is
recognized as the greatest pioneer of experimental hydrology and isotope
hydrology in China. He created the Hydrohill experimental catchment,
which serves as both a great public works for experimental hydrology and
a valuable legacy for future researchers to conduct hydrological
experiments. This legacy represents an innovative infrastructure that
bridges the gap between natural watershed experiments and artificial
physical models. The Hydrohill is an intensively-instrumented
experimental catchment, allowing for comprehensive measurement of
elements of the hydrologic cycle and their tracing indicators in a
sophisticated manner. To provide an in-depth understanding of the
Hydrohill, this paper presents its short history, experimental
objectives, site description (including location, construction, and
instrumentation), site conditions (such as soil, hydrological and
meteorological properties), and contributions to hydrologic science. We
pay our respects to Professor Gu for his hard work in creating the
Hydrohill for experimental hydrology and enhancing our understanding of
hydrological processes and mechanisms. Finally, we hope that with
healthy operation at Chuzhou Scientific Hydrology Laboratory (CSHL)
along with support from Professor Gu’s friends, CSHL will enable the
continued growth of the Hydrohill so that it can address some unsolved
problems in hydrology.
Plasticity for the win: Flexible transcriptional response to host plant switches in the comma butterfly (Polygonia c-album)
Authors: Schneider Katharina , Steward Rachel , Celorio-Mancera Maria de la Paz , Janz Niklas , Moberg Dick , Wheat Christopher , Nylin Sören
Published: April 2024

Generalist butterflies are characterized by a broad host repertoire that
can comprise several families or even different orders of plants. The
genetic and physiological mechanisms underlying the use of such a wide
host range are still not fully understood. Earlier studies indicate that
the consumption of different host plants is associated with
host-specific gene expression profiles. It remained, however, unclear if
and how larvae can alter these profiles in the case of a changing host
environment. Using the polyphagous comma butterfly (Polygonia c-album)
we show that larvae can adjust their transcriptional profiles in
response to a new host plant. The switch to some of the host plants,
however, resulted in a larger transcriptional response and, thus, seems
to be more challenging. At a physiological level, no correspondence for
these patterns could be found in larval performance. This suggests that
a high transcriptional but also phenotypic flexibility are essential for
the use of a broad and diverse host range. We furthermore propose that
host switch tests in the laboratory followed by transcriptomic
investigations can be a valuable tool to examine not only plasticity in
host use but also subtle and/or transient trade-offs in the evolution of
host plant repertoires. key words: insect-plant association, host plant
adaptation, gene expression, phenotypic plasticity
Mutant p53 reactivators protect breast cancer cells from ferroptosis
Authors: Taylor William R. , Rathnayake Dewmi Sandaru , Dlamini Samkeliso , Elkalawozgy Kadry , Tillekeratne L. M. Viranga
Published: April 2024

Abstract. Ferroptosis is a novel non-apoptotic form of cell
death characterized by iron-dependent reactive oxygen species
(ROS)-mediated lipid peroxidation. In several different cell systems,
the tumor suppressor p53 can enhance sensitivity to ferroptotic
inducers. At least half of all human cancers show loss of function of
p53. Furthermore, many of those tumors express mutant forms of p53 that
has lost its wild-type function. Several groups have designed small
molecules that can reactivate the wild-type function of these missense
p53 mutants. We reasoned that p53 reactivators may also enhances
sensitivity of certain cancer cells to ferroptosis stimuli. To test this
idea we combined a number of different p53 reactivators with small
molecule inducers of ferroptosis. In contrast, we observed that several
p53 reactivators protected cells from cell death induced by ferroptotic
inducers. Suprisingly, this protection still occurred in p53-null cell
lines. We observed that these reactivators were neither free radical
scavengers nor ion chelators. One of these p53 reactivator molecules,
NSC 59984, reduced expression of GPX4, which is unlikely to explain the
ability to reduced sensitivity to ferroptosis. We suggested that these
p53 reactivators function via an unknown, p53-independent manner to
suppress ferroptosis.
Bending fatigue behavior of metastable and stable austenitic stainless steels with different surface morphologies
Authors: Zhu Tong , Smaga Marek , Bozoglu Mustafa , Sala Siva Teja , Kashaev Nikolai , Antonyuk Sergiy , Beck Tilmann
Published: April 2024

The surface morphology has a significant influence on the fatigue
behavior of components. For austenitic stainless steels (ASSs), this
issue is even more pronounced due to their metastability. Based on the
complex deformation mechanisms of metastable ASSs, which include
dislocation slip, deformation twinning, and deformation-induced
martensitic phase transformation, the metastable stainless steel AISI
347 was investigated in this study together with the stable AISI 904L as
a reference material. 4-point bending fatigue tests with load ratio R =
0.1 and testing frequency f = 10 Hz at ambient temperature were carried
out on specimens with 5 technically relevant surfaces morphologies:
mechanical polished, milled, micro-shot peened, laser shock-peened, and
ultrasonic modified. Systematic material characterizations were carried
out to clarify the key influences of these morphologies on the fatigue
behavior. Deformation-induced martensite layers were proven to improve
the fatigue life in metastable austenitic steels, which open
perspectives to extend the lifetime of components.
Double nomenclature of sapovirus based on complete VP1 and NS6-7 nucleotide sequences
Authors: Xue Liang , Ren Shaolei , Gao Junshan , Cai Weicheng , Lin Peng
Published: April 2024

A significant foodborne pathogen that causes acute gastroenteritis
worldwide is sapovirus (SaV). Currently, SaV genotyping is primarily
based on the VP1 gene. The single naming method based on the VP1 region
can no longer suit the needs of SaV research due to the emergence of
recombinant strains. Therefore, SaV nucleotide sequences with entire VP1
and NS6-7 genes sections were gathered in Genbank, and genetic distance
calculations and phylogenetic analyses were carried out to investigate
the double nomenclature based on SaV VP1 and NS6-7 genes. They can be
further subdivided into genotypes and various genogroups based on the
genetic diversity of the entire VP1 region, and 12 genogroups and 30
genotypes were found, including tentative genotypes and genogroups. The
work is noteworthy for having discovered a novel genogroup, GNA1. There
was an interesting discovery of a class of sequences known as
bat-related sequences. The genetic distance between these sequences
approached the inter-genogroup genetic distance, which in this study was
classified as the bat genogroup. Thirty significant reference sequences
are proposed based on the VP1 genotypes. Phylogenetically, twelve P
(polymerase)-groups and 29 P-types (Including tentative genotypes and
genogroup) were identified based on the genetic diversity of nucleotide
sequences in the entire NS6-7 region, and related P-type reference
sequences were also suggested. Nine recombinant sequences, comprising
six recombinant genotypes (GI.1[P4], GI.2[P1], GII.4[P1],
GII.4[PNA1], GII.6[P2], and GV.NA1[P3]), were found as a
result of the dual nomenclature of the VP1 and NS6-7 genes. Dual
nomenclature based on VP1 and NS6-7 genes can effectively characterize
SaV recombination.
Treatment of subcutaneous lipomas in the horse: A case series
Authors: Kearney Molly T. , Kamm J. Lacy
Published: April 2024

Background: Subcutaneous lipomas are relatively rare and affect
horses of ≤2 years of age. They are typically benign although their
presence can be deleterious due to invasion of local structures or the
impact on locomotion. Thus far the literature has described the approach
to several cases, but has not suggested protocol for the treatment of
subcutaneous lipomas. Objectives: To describe the treatment of
subcutaneous lipomas in horses. Study design: Case series.
Methods: Three cases of subcutaneous lipomas were referred for
resection over a three-year period. The horses were aged 1 to 2 years
old with lipoma of the thorax, prepuce, and tarsus. A physical exam and
ultrasonography were conducted prior to surgery. Resection was performed
under general anaesthesia. Surgical drains and local chemotherapy were
utilised in cases as detailed. Results: Recurrence of a
thoracic lipoma occurred in case 1 after the initial resection at the
exit site of a passive drain. The recurrence was treated unsuccessfully
with injectable cisplatin, and a second revision surgery with the use of
an active drain resulted in resolution. In case 2, complete resection of
an encapsulated lipoma of the prepuce was successful with no recurrence.
In case 3, incomplete resection of a tarsal lipoma resulted in a sound
horse without further growth. Histopathologic analysis stated all masses
were composed of well differentiated adipocytes with no evidence of
malignancy. Main limitations: Small number of cases in the
series, limited literature available. Conclusions: Subcutaneous
lipomas should be resected as completely as possible, with 3cm margins
where available. Margins are hard to determine grossly even with the aid
of histopathology. Imaging, particularly computed tomography (CT),
should be utilised to aid in pre-operative planning if available. When
the creation of dead space cannot be avoided, active suction should be
utilised instead of passive drainage. Local chemotherapy is ineffective.
Distributed event-triggered fixed-time formation tracking control for multi-spacecraft systems based on adaptive immersion and invariance technique
Authors: Wu Xia , Wei Caisheng
Published: April 2024

The problem of fixed-time formation tracking for multi-spacecraft
systems without internal collisions is investigated in this paper. A
novel adaptive immersion and invariance (I&I)-based control protocol is
designed to solve this technical problem, with the goal of driving
formation members to accurately realize and maintain the required
configuration within the user-given time. The novelty here lies in two
things. First and foremost, unlike the asymptotic convergence of the
traditional I&I related works, the proposed protocol guarantees the
fixed-time stability by integrating the prescribed performance control.
Secondly, the event-triggered mechanism is adopted to alleviate the
pressure of communication resources between formation members and reduce
unnecessary information interaction. Lyapunov stability analysis shows
that the proposed protocol can enable the defined implicit manifold to
converge to the origin for most initial conditions. Also, benefiting
from the prescribed performance techniques, the convergence time
eliminates the dependence of designed controller parameters or initial
system conditions, relying only on the actual mission requirements. In
addition, we adopt a linear extended state observer to deal with the
parameter uncertainties and external disturbances, and use the I&I
adaption to estimate the observer errors to further improve the system
performance. Moreover, a new exponential-type artificial potential
function is designed to avoid close proximity between formation members
and prevent internal collisions. Finally, numerical simulations are
provided to verify the theoretical results.
Callous-unemotional Traits and Pre-Ejection Period (PEP) in Response to Reward
Authors: Chen Frances , Nowak Montana , French Katherine
Published: April 2024

Callous-unemotional (CU) traits have important utility in distinguishing
individuals with more severe, persistent antisocial behavior, and our
understanding of reward processing and CU traits contributes to
behavioral modification. However, research on CU traits often
investigated reward alongside punishment and examined only the average
reward reactivity instead of the trajectory features in response to
reward (e.g., habituation). This study assessed individuals’
pre-ejection period (PEP), a sympathetic nervous system cardiac
biomarker with specificity to reward, in a simple reward task to
investigate whether and how CU traits were linked to average reward
reactivity and reward responding trajectory. A heterogeneous sample of
126 adult males was recruited from a large metro city in the US.
Participants self-reported their CU traits and completed a simple reward
task while impedance cardiography and electrocardiogram were recorded to
derive PEP. Results revealed no association between average PEP reward
reactivity and CU traits. However, CU traits predicted both linear and
quadratic slopes of the PEP reactivity trajectory: those with higher ICU
scores had slower habituation initially but their habituation caught up
quickly in later blocks. Findings highlight the utility of modeling PEP
reward trajectory and incorporating habituation rate to reward when
studying CU traits. We discussed the implications of individuals with
high CU traits having the responding pattern of slower initial
habituation followed by rapid habituation to reward and the possible
mechanisms.
A new climate for human nature? Navigating social theory through postnature, the anthropocene and posthumanism
Authors: Jankovic Stefan
Published: April 2024

By examining debates on the Anthropocene era ignited by new materialist and
posthumanist scholarship, this paper aims to discern how these perspectives
can reframe the human-nature nexus. It also considers how various
?developmentalist? approaches might assume the role traditionally held by
the concept of human nature. The first section highlights concerns raised by
posthumanist and neomaterialist scholars about the marginalized status of
?nature?, life, and biology within dominant constructivist viewpoints. A
central argument posits that notions like ?denaturalization? and biopolitics
amplify societal dominance over nature, pushing social theory towards an
anthropocentric and potentially biologically indeterminate stance.
Contrasting this, the second section delves into modern interpretations of
the planet in social theory, inspired by the emergence of the Anthropocene.
This lens reveals a dynamic, co-constitutive relationship, tilting less
towards the unilateral commands of ?nature? and more towards understanding
the evolution of human life and societal structures within Earth?s expansive
temporal and spatial realms. The third section further unpacks these
developmental ideas by juxtaposing the theories of Bruno Latour and Tim
Ingold. The paper contends that both approaches endeavor to illuminate the
complex processes underpinning the evolution of life forms, underscoring the
significance of culture. In conclusion, the intricate postnatural landscape
of the Anthropocene necessitates a more integrated human-nature
relationship. This calls for not only discarding dehumanizing facets of
human nature, but also fostering a renewed sensibility - a deeper form of
humanizing that acknowledges and celebrates our shared existence with other
species and entities.
What is wrong with anti-paternalism?
Authors: Sládecek Michal
Published: April 2024

The article scrutinizes anti-paternalistic arguments concerning the best
judgements, the autonomy and the moral status of persons. The first two have
been criticized by Quong as inadequate, and the article attempts to point
out the shortcomings of this critique. The best judgement argument can be
reformulated, having in mind particular situations in which person?s own
judgement should be considered as decisive. The autonomy argument cannot be
disregarded as too permissive regarding paternalism as it allows
paternalistic interventions, which are weak and confined only to a strictly
limited scope. Also, when considered as the condition for the validity of
choice, autonomy cannot be treated as an ultimate value. Finally, the moral
status argument proposed by Quong is plausible to some extent, when claiming
that it is presumptively wrong to treat persons as not having equal moral
powers. However, this argument does not cover the legitimate institutional
policies in specific cases when it can be reasonably presumed that people
will omit to act in favour of their well-being. Also, this argument would
prohibit any interventions in order to increase availability of goods, even
if the moral status of the persons is not affected
Application of performance dynamic equationin numerical simulation and optimization of waste heat utilization and storage system
Authors: Li Feng
Published: April 2024

In order to improve the current situation of double energy loss in waste heat
recovery and utilization, according to the factors such as phase change
temperature, thermal conductivity, phase change latent heat, economy, and
safety of thermal storage materials, 70# phase change thermal storage balls
produced by XX company were selected as phase change thermal storage
materials, and differential scanning calorimetry was used to test and
analyze them, and the melting point, freezing point and phase change latent
heat value of PCM were obtained, provide data reference for simulation in
the following text. The shell and tube heat exchanger is selected as the
core component of the mobile heat storage system, and its heat storage and
release processes are simulated using FLUENT software. The results show that
when the heat transfer equipment is charged for 7 hours, almost all of the
inner-heat exchangers have completed the heat supply, and only the phase
change products at both sides and bottom of the heat supply have ?dead
zone?, which is the major effect of heat storage. In order to improve the
heat storage and release rate and break the ?bottleneck? of heat storage,
the heat transfer was strengthened by changing the diameter size,
arrangement, and adding fins of the heat exchange tube. The effects of
straight fins, T-shaped fins, as well as the number, height, thickness, and
width of fins on the heat storage performance were explored. The results
indicate that, adding fins cannot only improve heat transfer efficiency, but
also inhibit natural-convection. The heat storage and release time decreases
to varying degrees with the increase of fin width, thickness, height, and
the number of circumferential fins in a single heat exchange tube.
Mechanical structure design and performance analysis of heat storage working medium for heat insulation layer
Authors: Huang Zhiwei , Zhang Yan
Published: April 2024

In order to solve the problems of low temperature inside the greenhouse
caused by continuous haze weather or cloudy, rainy, and snowy weather, as
well as the large heat dissipation capacity and insufficient cross time heat
storage of existing solar greenhouses, by optimizing the design of the
external insulation materials and structure of the heat storage water tank
and studying the combination of heat storage working fluids, the greenhouse
heat storage device has achieved cross time heat storage and segmented slow
release heat release. The experiment shows that the combined heat insulation
effect of heat insulation coating + aerogel + rubber and plastic insulation
cotton is better, its 24-hour heat dissipation is reduced by 0.367 MJ
compared to a single insulation material. The heat preservation material of
the tank is 80~120 mm, and the cylinder heat storage tank is 6~10 m3 and
1:1. Which cannot only ensure a low effective heat dissipation rate, but
also control engineering. The results show that the composite phase change
material can increase the heat storage capacity, optimize the exothermic
process, and achieve the gradual release of heat.
Numerical simulation and experiment of laminar heat transfer characteristics in micro-channel collector
Authors: Bai Ruichen , Torii S.
Published: April 2024

In response to the problems of high mass and high thermal resistance in
traditional cold plate collectors, the author proposes a shaped and
efficient micro-channel collector structure design for non-normal
temperature control scenarios such as high power, multiple heat sources, and
highly non-uniform power density. The author conducted numerical and
experimental studies on the laminar heat transfer in a highly efficient
micro-channel shaped collector for non-normal temperature control scenarios
such as high power, multiple heat sources, and highly non-uniform power
density, the results show that: The relative deviation between the simulated
and experimental values of the pressure drop of the micro-channel collector
using perfluorotriethylamine as the working fluid is within -20%, and the
relative deviation between the simulated and experimental values of the
surface temperature is within +3?C, the predicted trend of the pressure
drop and temperature field of the collector is in good agreement with the
experimental values, indicating the feasibility of using numerical
simulation methods for performance analysis and design optimization of 3-D
printed micro-channel collectors. As the flow rate increases, the pressure
drop of the collector increases approximately linearly, while the value
increase of the total heat transfer coefficient gradually decreases, and
increasing inlet temperature or heating power will reduce pressure drop of
collector and increase total heat transfer coefficient. The influence of
gravity on the pressure drop and total heat transfer coefficient of
micro-channel collectors is less than 1. The straight through micro-channel
collector has lower pressure drop and stronger heat transfer ability
compared to the folded type collector.