bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Correlates of compliance with recommended levels of physical activity in children
Authors: Gomes Thayse Natacha , Katzmarzyk Peter T. , Hedeker Donald , Fogelholm Mikael , Standage Martyn , Onywera Vincent , Lambert Estelle V. , Tremblay Mark S. , Chaput Jean-Philippe , Tudor-Locke Catrine , Sarmiento Olga , Matsudo Victor , Kurpad Anura , Kuriyan Rebecca , Zhao Pei , Hu Gang , Olds Timothy , Maher Carol , Maia José
Published: November 2017

The purpose of this study was to describe children’s daily compliance with moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) recommendations across a week in different parts of the world, and to identify individual- and school-level correlates that may explain differences in daily MVPA compliance. The sample included 6553 children aged 9–11 years from 12 countries, and multilevel statistical analyses were used, including both child- and school-level variables. Most children did not comply with the MVPA guidelines on a daily basis: Chinese children complied the least, whereas Finnish, Australian, Colombian, UK, and Kenyan children complied the most. Boys (rate ratio [RR] = 1.47) and children with higher unhealthy diet scores (RR = 1.08) complied more, but overweight/obese children (RR = 0.81), earlier maturing children (RR = 0.93), and those who spent more time in screen activities (RR = 0.98) and sleeping (RR = 0.96) had the lowest compliance. At the school level, children with access to playground or sport equipment (RR = 0.88, for both) tended to comply less, whereas those with access to a gymnasium outside the school hours complied more with the MVPA guidelines (RR = 1.14). Significant between-country differences in children’s daily MVPA compliance were observed, reflecting not only site characteristics, but also the importance of individual traits and local school contexts.
The structural, magnetic and optical properties of TMn@(ZnO)42 (TM = Fe, Co and Ni) hetero-nanostructure
Authors: Hu Yaowen , Ji Chuting , Wang Xiaoxu , Huo Jinrong , Liu Qing , Song Yipu
Published: November 2017

The magnetic transition-metal (TM) @ oxide nanoparticles have been of great interest due to their wide range of applications, from medical sensors in magnetic resonance imaging to photo-catalysis. Although several studies on small clusters of TM@oxide have been reported, the understanding of the physical electronic properties of TMn@(ZnO)42 is far from sufficient. In this work, the electronic, magnetic and optical properties of TMn@(ZnO)42 (TM = Fe, Co and Ni) hetero-nanostructure are investigated using the density functional theory (DFT). It has been found that the core-shell nanostructure Fe13@(ZnO)42, Co15@(ZnO)42 and Ni15@(ZnO)42 are the most stable structures. Moreover, it is also predicted that the variation of the magnetic moment and magnetism of Fe, Co and Ni in TMn@ZnO42 hetero-nanostructure mainly stems from effective hybridization between core TM-3d orbitals and shell O-2p orbitals, and a magnetic moment inversion for Fe15@(ZnO)42 is investigated. Finally, optical properties studied by calculations show a red shift phenomenon in the absorption spectrum compared with the case of (ZnO)48.
Circulating complement component 4d (C4d) correlates with tumor volume, chemotherapeutic response and survival in patients with malignant pleural mesothelioma
Authors: Klikovits Thomas , Stockhammer Paul , Laszlo Viktoria , Dong Yawen , Hoda Mir Alireza , Ghanim Bahil , Opitz Isabelle , Frauenfelder Thomas , Nguyen-Kim Thi Dan Linh , Weder Walter , Berger Walter , Grusch Michael , Aigner Clemens , Klepetko Walter , Dome Balazs , Renyi-Vamos Ferenc , Oehler Rudolf , Hegedus Balazs
Published: November 2017

Only limited information is available on the role of complement activation in malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM). Thus, we investigated the circulating and tissue levels of the complement component 4d (C4d) in MPM. Plasma samples from 55 MPM patients, 21 healthy volunteers (HV) and 14 patients with non-malignant pleural diseases (NMPD) were measured by ELISA for C4d levels. Tissue specimens from 32 patients were analyzed by C4d immunohistochemistry. Tumor volumetry was measured in 20 patients. We found no C4d labeling on tumor cells, but on ectopic lymphoid structures within the tumor stroma. Plasma C4d levels did not significantly differ between MPM, HV or NMPD. Late-stage MPM patients had higher plasma C4d levels compared to early-stage (p = 0.079). High circulating C4d was associated with a higher tumor volume (p = 0.047). Plasma C4d levels following induction chemotherapy were significantly higher in patients with stable/progressive disease compared to those with partial/major response (p = 0.005). Strikingly, patients with low C4d levels at diagnosis had a significantly better overall survival, confirmed in a multivariate cox regression model (hazard ratio 0.263, p = 0.01). Our findings suggest that circulating plasma C4d is a promising new prognostic biomarker in patients with MPM and, moreover, helps to select patients for surgery following induction chemotherapy.
The flexibility and dynamics of the tubules in the endoplasmic reticulum
Authors: Georgiades Pantelis , Allan Victoria J. , Wright Graham D. , Woodman Philip G. , Udommai Parinya , Chung Manloeng A. , Waigh Thomas A.
Published: November 2017

The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is a single organelle in eukaryotic cells that extends throughout the cell and is involved in a large number of cellular functions. Using a combination of fixed and live cells (human MRC5 lung cells) in diffraction limited and super-resolved fluorescence microscopy (STORM) experiments, we determined that the average persistence length of the ER tubules was 3.03 ± 0.24 μm. Removing the branched network junctions from the analysis caused a slight increase in the average persistence length to 4.71 ± 0.14 μm, and provides the tubule’s persistence length with a moderate length scale dependence. The average radius of the tubules was 44.1 ± 3.2 nm. The bending rigidity of the ER tubule membranes was found to be 10.9 ± 1.2kT(17.0 ± 1.3kTwithout branch points). We investigated the dynamic behaviour of ER tubules in live cells, and found that the ER tubules behaved like semi-flexible fibres under tension. The majority of the ER tubules experienced equilibrium transverse fluctuations under tension, whereas a minority number of them had active super-diffusive motions driven by motor proteins. Cells thus actively modulate the dynamics of the ER in a well-defined manner, which is expected in turn to impact on its many functions.
Ecto-ADP-ribosyltransferase ARTC2.1 functionally modulates FcγR1 and FcγR2B on murine microglia
Authors: Rissiek Björn , Menzel Stephan , Leutert Mario , Cordes Maike , Behr Sarah , Jank Larissa , Ludewig Peter , Gelderblom Mathias , Rissiek Anne , Adriouch Sahil , Haag Friedrich , Hottiger Michael O. , Koch-Nolte Friedrich , Magnus Tim
Published: November 2017

Mammalian ecto-ADP-ribosyltransferases (ecto-ARTs or also ARTCs) catalyze the ADP-ribosylation of cell surface proteins using extracellular nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+) as substrate. By this post-translational protein modification, ecto-ARTs modulate the function of various target proteins. A functional role of ARTC2 has been demonstrated for peripheral immune cells such as T cells and macrophages. Yet, little is known about the role of ecto-ARTs in the central nervous system and on microglia. Here, we identified ARTC2.1 as the major ecto-ART expressed on murine microglia. ARTC2.1 expression was strongly upregulated on microglia upon co-stimulation with LPS and an ERK1/2 inhibitor or upon IFNβ stimulation. We identified several target proteins modified by ARTC2.1 on microglia with a recently developed mass spectrometry approach, including two receptors for immunoglobulin G (IgG), FcγR1 and FcγR2B. Both proteins were verified as targets of ARTC2.1in vitrousing a radiolabeling assay with32P-NAD+as substrate. Moreover, ADP-ribosylation of both targets strongly inhibited their capacity to bind IgG. In concordance, ARTC2.1 induction in WT microglia and subsequent cell surface ADP-ribosylation significantly reduced the phagocytosis of IgG-coated latex beads, which was unimpaired in NAD+/DTT treated microglia from ARTC2.1−/−mice. Hence, induction of ARTC2.1 expression under inflammatory conditions, and subsequent ADP-ribosylation of cell surface target proteins could represent a hitherto unnoticed mechanism to regulate the immune response of murine microglia.
A meta-proteomics approach to study the interspecies interactions affecting microbial biofilm development in a model community
Authors: Herschend Jakob , Damholt Zacharias B. V. , Marquard Andrea M. , Svensson Birte , Sørensen Søren J. , Hägglund Per , Burmølle Mette
Published: November 2017

Microbial biofilms are omnipresent in nature and relevant to a broad spectrum of industries ranging from bioremediation and food production to biomedical applications. To date little is understood about how multi-species biofilm communities develop and function on a molecular level, due to the complexity of these biological systems. Here we apply a meta-proteomics approach to investigate the mechanisms influencing biofilm formation in a model consortium of four bacterial soil isolates;Stenotrophomonas rhizophila,Xanthomonas retroflexus,Microbacterium oxydansandPaenibacillus amylolyticus. Protein abundances in community and single species biofilms were compared to describe occurring inter-species interactions and the resulting changes in active metabolic pathways. To obtain full taxonomic resolution between closely related species and empower correct protein quantification, we developed a novel pipeline for generating reduced reference proteomes for spectral database searches. Meta-proteomics profiling indicated that community development is dependent on cooperative interactions between community members facilitating cross-feeding on specific amino acids. Opposite regulation patterns of fermentation and nitrogen pathways inPaenibacillus amylolyticusandXanthomonas retroflexusmay, however, indicate that competition for limited resources also affects community development. Overall our results demonstrate the multitude of pathways involved in biofilm formation in mixed communities.
Non-invasive and invasive diagnoses of aspergillosis in a rat model by mass spectrometry
Authors: Luptáková Dominika , Pluháček Tomáš , Petřík Miloš , Novák Jiří , Palyzová Andrea , Sokolová Lucie , Škríba Anton , Šedivá Blanka , Lemr Karel , Havlíček Vladimír
Published: November 2017

Invasive pulmonary aspergillosis results in 450,000 deaths per year and complicates cancer chemotherapy, transplantations and the treatment of other immunosuppressed patients. Using a rat model of experimental aspergillosis, the fungal siderophores ferricrocin and triacetylfusarinine C were identified as markers of aspergillosis and quantified in urine, serum and lung tissues. Biomarkers were analyzed by matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization (MALDI) and electrospray ionization mass spectrometry using a 12T SolariX Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance (FTICR) mass spectrometer. The limits of detection of the ferri-forms of triacetylfusarinine C and ferricrocin in the rat serum were 0.28 and 0.36 ng/mL, respectively. In the rat urine the respective limits of detection achieved 0.02 and 0.03 ng/mL. In the sera of infected animals, triacetylfusarinine C was not detected but ferricrocin concentration fluctuated in the 3–32 ng/mL range. Notably, the mean concentrations of triacetylfusarinine C and ferricrocin in the rat urine were 0.37 and 0.63 μg/mL, respectively. The MALDI FTICR mass spectrometry imaging illustrated the actual microbial ferricrocin distribution in the lung tissues and resolved the false-positive results obtained by the light microscopy and histological staining. Ferricrocin and triacetylfusarinine C detection in urine represents an innovative non-invasive indication of Aspergillus infection in a host.
Percolation channels: a universal idea to describe the atomic structure and dynamics of glasses and melts
Authors: Le Losq Charles , Neuville Daniel R. , Chen Wenlin , Florian Pierre , Massiot Dominique , Zhou Zhongfu , Greaves George N.
Published: November 2017

Understanding the links between chemical composition, nano-structure and the dynamic properties of silicate melts and glasses is fundamental to both Earth and Materials Sciences. Central to this is whether the distribution of mobile metallic ions is random or not. In silicate systems, such as window glass, it is well-established that the short-range structure is not random but metal ions cluster, forming percolation channels through a partly broken network of corner-sharing SiO4 tetrahedra. In alumino-silicate glasses and melts, extensively used in industry and representing most of the Earth magmas, metal ions compensate the electrical charge deficit of AlO4− tetrahedra, but until now clustering has not been confirmed. Here we report how major changes in melt viscosity, together with glass Raman and Nuclear Magnetic Resonance measurements and Molecular Dynamics simulations, demonstrate that metal ions nano-segregate into percolation channels, making this a universal phenomenon of oxide glasses and melts. Furthermore, we can explain how, in both single and mixed alkali compositions, metal ion clustering and percolation radically affect melt mobility, central to understanding industrial and geological processes.
Fracture toughness and structural evolution in the TiAlN system upon annealing
Authors: Bartosik M. , Rumeau C. , Hahn R. , Zhang Z. L. , Mayrhofer P. H.
Published: November 2017

Hard coatings used to protect engineering components from external loads and harsh environments should ideally be strong and tough. Here we study the fracture toughness, KIC, of Ti1−xAlxN upon annealing by employing micro-fracture experiments on freestanding films. We found that KIC increases by about 11% when annealing the samples at 900 °C, because the decomposition of the supersaturated matrix leads to the formation of nanometer-sized domains, precipitation of hexagonal-structured B4 AlN (with their significantly larger specific volume), formation of stacking faults, and nano-twins. In contrast, for TiN, where no decomposition processes and formation of nanometer-sized domains can be initiated by an annealing treatment, the fracture toughness KIC remains roughly constant when annealed above the film deposition temperature. As the increase in KIC found for Ti1−xAlxN upon annealing is within statistical errors, we carried out complementary cube corner nanoindentation experiments, which clearly show reduced (or even impeded) crack formation for annealed Ti1−xAlxN as compared with their as-deposited counterpart. The ability of Ti1−xAlxN to maintain and even increase the fracture toughness up to high temperatures in combination with the concomitant age hardening effects and excellent oxidation resistance contributes to the success of this type of coatings.
Anti-cancer capacity of plasma-treated PBS: effect of chemical composition on cancer cell cytotoxicity
Authors: Van Boxem Wilma , Van der Paal Jonas , Gorbanev Yury , Vanuytsel Steven , Smits Evelien , Dewilde Sylvia , Bogaerts Annemie
Published: November 2017

We evaluate the anti-cancer capacity of plasma-treated PBS (pPBS), by measuring the concentrations of NO2− and H2O2 in pPBS, treated with a plasma jet, for different values of gas flow rate, gap and plasma treatment time, as well as the effect of pPBS on cancer cell cytotoxicity, for three different glioblastoma cancer cell lines, at exactly the same plasma treatment conditions. Our experiments reveal that pPBS is cytotoxic for all conditions investigated. A small variation in gap between plasma jet and liquid surface (10 mm vs 15 mm) significantly affects the chemical composition of pPBS and its anti-cancer capacity, attributed to the occurrence of discharges onto the liquid. By correlating the effect of gap, gas flow rate and plasma treatment time on the chemical composition and anti-cancer capacity of pPBS, we may conclude that H2O2 is a more important species for the anti-cancer capacity of pPBS than NO2−. We also used a 0D model, developed for plasma-liquid interactions, to elucidate the most important mechanisms for the generation of H2O2 and NO2−. Finally, we found that pPBS might be more suitable for practical applications in a clinical setting than (commonly used) plasma-activated media (PAM), because of its higher stability.
A quantitative method for microstructural analysis of myelinated axons in the injured rodent brain
Authors: van Tilborg Erik , van Kammen Caren M. , de Theije Caroline G. M. , van Meer Maurits P. A. , Dijkhuizen Rick M. , Nijboer Cora H.
Published: November 2017

MRI studies (e.g. using diffusion tensor imaging) revealed that injury to white matter tracts, as observed in for instance perinatal white matter injury and multiple sclerosis, leads to compromised microstructure of myelinated axonal tracts. Alterations in white matter microstructure are also present in a wide range of neurological disorders including autism-spectrum disorders, schizophrenia and ADHD. Whereas currently myelin quantity measures are often used in translational animal models of white matter disease, it can be an important valuable addition to study the microstructural organization of myelination patterns in greater detail. Here, we describe methods to extensively study the microstructure of cortical myelination by immunostaining for myelin. To validate these methods, we carefully analyzed the organization of myelinated axons running from the external capsule towards the outer layers of the cortex in three rodent models of neonatal brain injury and in an adult stroke model, that have all been associated with myelination impairments. This unique, relatively easy and sensitive methodology can be applied to study subtle differences in myelination patterns in animal models in which aberrations in myelination integrity are suspected. Importantly, the described methods can be applied to determine efficacy of novel experimental treatments on microstructural organization of cortical myelination.
Multiple-stressor effects in an apex predator: combined influence of pollutants and sea ice decline on lipid metabolism in polar bears
Authors: Tartu Sabrina , Lille-Langøy Roger , Størseth Trond R. , Bourgeon Sophie , Brunsvik Anders , Aars Jon , Goksøyr Anders , Jenssen Bjørn Munro , Polder Anuschka , Thiemann Gregory W. , Torget Vidar , Routti Heli
Published: November 2017

There is growing evidence from experimental and human epidemiological studies that many pollutants can disrupt lipid metabolism. In Arctic wildlife, the occurrence of such compounds could have serious consequences for seasonal feeders. We set out to study whether organohalogenated compounds (OHCs) could cause disruption of energy metabolism in female polar bears (Ursus maritimus) from Svalbard, Norway (n = 112). We analyzed biomarkers of energy metabolism including the abundance profiles of nine lipid-related genes, fatty acid (FA) synthesis and elongation indices in adipose tissue, and concentrations of lipid-related variables in plasma (cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein, triglycerides). Furthermore, the plasma metabolome and lipidome were characterized by low molecular weight metabolites and lipid fingerprinting, respectively. Polychlorinated biphenyls, chlordanes, brominated diphenyl ethers and perfluoroalkyl substances were significantly related to biomarkers involved in lipid accumulation, FA metabolism, insulin utilization, and cholesterol homeostasis. Moreover, the effects of pollutants were measurable at the metabolome and lipidome levels. Our results indicate that several OHCs affect lipid biosynthesis and catabolism in female polar bears. Furthermore, these effects were more pronounced when combined with reduced sea ice extent and thickness, suggesting that climate-driven sea ice decline and OHCs have synergistic negative effects on polar bears.
Dacarbazine nanoparticle topical delivery system for the treatment of melanoma
Authors: Hafeez Abdul , Kazmi Imran
Published: November 2017

Dacarbazine (DZ) is poorly soluble in water with the short half-life in blood circulation, low rate of response with the toxic effect which ultimately limits its utilization of the treatment of skin cancer. In view of this background current study was designed for development of dacarbazine laden nanoparticle (DZNP) and dacarbazine laden nanocream (DZNC) topical delivery system for the treatment of melanoma. Firstly DZNP was prepared. By using DZNP its cream formulation prepared for topic drug delivery for melanoma. Dacarbazine nanoparticle and its cream were evaluated for morphology, drug load capacity, efficiency of nanoencapsulation and size of particle and zeta potential, Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM), determination of pH, spreadability and viscosity, in vitro drug release capacity and its cytotoxic potential. The particle size of DZNP and DZNC was 16.3 ± 8.1 nm and 16.9 ± 7.8 nm respectively. pH value and spreadability of nanoparticle cream were found to be 6.7 ± 0.14 g cm/sec and 55.23 ± 3.13 g cm/sec respectively. Nanoencapsulation efficiency and Drug loading capacity were 67.4 ± 3.5% and 6.73 mg/10 mg respectively. IC50 of dacarbazine nanoparticle was 0.19 mg/ml while it was 0.63 mg/ml for nanoparticle cream. It can be concluded that DZNP and its cream can be effectively used as a topical formulation for the treatment of melanoma.
Surface enhanced Raman scattering sensor for highly sensitive and selective detection of ochratoxin A
Authors: Gillibert Raymond , Triba Mohamed N. , Lamy de la Chapelle Marc
Published: November 2017

An aptamer based SERS sensor was developed to detect picomolar concentrated ochratoxin solutions using an OPLS model.
Palladium-catalyzed oxidative allylation of bis[(pinacolato)boryl]methane: synthesis of homoallylic boronic esters
Authors: Li Chunsheng , Li Meng , Li Jianxiao , Wu Wanqing , Jiang Huanfeng
Published: November 2017

A novel palladium-catalyzed approach for constructing homoallylic boronic esters via oxidative allylic C–H functionalization of allylic hydrocarbons has been demonstrated.
Mn doped porous cobalt nitride nanowires with high activity for water oxidation under both alkaline and neutral conditions
Authors: Sun Yiqiang , Zhang Tao , Li Xinyang , Liu Dilong , Liu Guangqiang , Zhang Xiaomin , Lyu Xianjun , Cai Weiping , Li Yue
Published: November 2017

We report the successful synthesis of Mn doped CoN nanowires on a carbon fiber cloth substrate (CFC) by a two-step strategy, which can be used as an efficient and stable OER electrocatalyst under both alkaline and neutral conditions.
5-(Hydroxymethyl)uracil and -cytosine as potential epigenetic marks enhancing or inhibiting transcription with bacterial RNA polymerase
Authors: Janoušková Martina , Vaníková Zuzana , Nici Fabrizia , Boháčová Soňa , Vítovská Dragana , Šanderová Hana , Hocek Michal , Krásný Libor
Published: November 2017

5-(Hydroxymethyl)uracil and -cytosine in DNA templates regulate transcription by bacterial RNA polymerase depending on the promoter, indicating that they may act as epigenetic marks.
Two lanthanide metal–organic frameworks as sensitive luminescent sensors for the detection of Cr2+ and Cr2O72− in aqueous solutions
Authors: Huang X. H. , Shi L. , Ying S. M. , Yan G. Y. , Liu L. H. , Sun Y. Q. , Chen Y. P.
Published: November 2017

Two lanthanide–organic frameworks [Ln(HPIDC)(m-bdc)·1.5H2O]n (Ln = Eu 1 or Tb 2; H3PIDC = 2-(4-pyridyl)-1H-imidazole-4,5-dicarboxylic acid; m-H2bdc = 1,3-benzenedicarboxylic acid) were synthesized under hydrothermal conditions.
Lithium diffusion study in Li2MnO3 and Li1.17Ni0.17Mn0.67O2: a combined experimental and computational approach
Authors: Sarkar Tanmay , Prakasha Kunkanadu R. , Bharadwaj Mridula Dixit , Prakash Annigere S.
Published: November 2017

Energy barrier profile for single Li diffusion in Li2MnO3 and Li1.17Ni0.17Mn0.67O2.
A first-principles study of the structural, mechanical and electronic properties of precipitates of Al2Cu in Al–Cu alloys
Authors: Ouyang Y. F. , Chen H. M. , Tao X. M. , Gao F. , Peng Q. , Du Y.
Published: November 2017

The formation enthalpies of precipitates of Al–Cu are all negative, suggesting that they are all thermodynamically stable.
The cohesive energy of superheavy element copernicium determined from accurate relativistic coupled-cluster theory
Authors: Steenbergen K. G. , Mewes J.-M. , Pašteka L. F. , Gäggeler H. W. , Kresse G. , Pahl E. , Schwerdtfeger P.
Published: November 2017

The cohesive energy of bulk copernicium is accurately determined using the incremental method within a relativistic coupled-cluster approach.
Meta-holograms based on evanescent waves for encryption
Authors: Guo Xiaoyi , Zhang Xiaohu , Guo Yinghui , Pu Mingbo , Ma Xiaoliang , Li Xiong , Luo Xiangang
Published: November 2017

A type of meta-hologram based on evanescent wave illumination and a metasurface is proposed.
Investigation of kinetics of tetrabutylammonium chloride (TBAC) + CH4 semiclathrate hydrate formation
Authors: Shi Lingli , Liang Deqing
Published: November 2017

Different from structures of TBAC hydrate, (TBAC + CH4) hydrates were formed with hexagonal or tetragonal structure under different w.
Facile synthesis of a dopant-free hole transporting material with a phenothiazine core for planar perovskite solar cells
Authors: Liu Xiaoyuan , Tan Xiao , Chen Qian , Shan Haiquan , Liu Changmei , Xu Jiaju , Chen Zhi-Kuan , Huang Wei , Xu Zong-Xiang
Published: November 2017

PTZ-TPA was incorporated into a CH3NH3PbI3 perovskite solar cell as a dopant-free HTM exhibiting a comparable PCE (14.1%) and higher stability compared with that of HTM Spiro-MeOTAD with dopant (17.1%).
The synthesis of graphene-based antioxidants to promote anti-thermal properties of styrene-butadiene rubber
Authors: Zhou Junjun , Wei Laiyun , Wei Haitao , Zheng Jing , Huang Guangsu
Published: November 2017

An immobile antioxidant (GO-RT) was successfully synthesized and possessed outstanding anti-oxidation performance in an SBR matrix.
Synthesis of artificial chaperones in a novel type of Pickering emulsion for glycoprotein
Authors: Zhao Tao , Wen Wenjun , Wang Junping , Wang Shuo
Published: November 2017

A representation of the excellent versatility of poly(DVB-co-PBA) microspheres in the preparation of functional materials.
Enhanced electrochemical performance of bulk type oxide ceramic lithium batteries enabled by interface modification
Authors: Liu Ting , Zhang Yibo , Zhang Xue , Wang Lei , Zhao Shi-Xi , Lin Yuan-Hua , Shen Yang , Luo Jun , Li Liangliang , Nan Ce-Wen
Published: November 2017

The interface issue is one of the severe problems in all-solid-state (ASS) batteries, especially for oxide-type batteries with a full ceramic structure.
Enhanced thermoelectric performance through synergy of resonance levels and valence band convergence via Q/In (Q = Mg, Ag, Bi) co-doping
Authors: Zhang Li Juan , Qin Peng , Han Chao , Wang Jian Li , Ge Zhen Hua , Sun Qiao , Cheng Zhen Xiang , Li Zhen , Dou Shi Xue
Published: November 2017

Remarkably improved thermoelectric properties are achieved through the synergetic effects of the resonance levels, the valence band convergence, and the carrier concentration optimization by chemical doping.
Impact of rotamer diversity on the self-assembly of nearly isostructural molecular semiconductors
Authors: McDowell Caitlin , Narayanaswamy Kamatham , Yadagiri Bommaramoni , Gayathri Thumuganti , Seifrid Martin , Datt Ram , Ryno Sean M. , Heifner Michael C. , Gupta Vinay , Risko Chad , Singh Surya Prakash , Bazan Guillermo C.
Published: November 2017

Switching bithiophene for thienothiophene reduces the number of rotational conformations, facilitating self-assembly with minimal effects on the electronic structure.
The influence of bubble size on chondrogenic differentiation of adipose-derived stem cells in gelatin microbubble scaffolds
Authors: Wu Kuan-Han , Mei Chieh , Lin Che-Wei , Yang Kai-Chiang , Yu Jiashing
Published: November 2017

In human bodies, cartilage tissue lacks the ability to heal when it encounters trauma or lesions.
3D-printed barium titanate/poly-(vinylidene fluoride) nano-hybrids with anisotropic dielectric properties
Authors: Phatharapeetranun N. , Ksapabutr B. , Marani D. , Bowen J. R. , Esposito V.
Published: November 2017

“3D-printed” anisotropy BTNFs/PVDF nanohybrids are successfully fabricated by the FDM technique which is attractive for developing novel functionalities in dielectric devices.
Theoretical investigations on crystal crosslinking in perovskite solar cells
Authors: Zhang Lei , Xu Lei , Yu Fengxi , Li Jingfa
Published: November 2017

The mechanisms of halide perovskite crystal crosslinking via molecular crosslinking agents are proposed using first principles calculations.
Large negative magneto-LC effects induced by racemic dimerization of liquid crystalline nitroxide radicals with a terminal cyano group
Authors: Akita Takuya , Kiyohara Daichi , Yamazaki Taira , Uchida Yoshiaki , Nishiyama Norikazu
Published: November 2017

Large negative magneto-LC effects occur in the LC phase of a racemate of a chiral nitroxide radical with a terminal cyano group.
Impact of side chain placement on thermal stability of solar cells in thiophene–thiazolothiazole polymers
Authors: Saito Masahiko , Osaka Itaru
Published: November 2017

We study the impact of side chain placement on the thermal stability of solar cells in thiophene–thiazolothiazole polymers.
Output current enhanced cyclic switched‐capacitor step‐down DC–DC regulator
Authors: Wang W.‐L. , Lin H. , Yu C.‐L. , Henrickson L.E.
Published: November 2017

Here, we propose a three‐phase cyclic switched‐capacitor step‐down DC–DC regulator, which enhances output current while using the same total flying capacitance and keeping the same ideal power conversion efficiency as the conventional topology. Dual output voltages of 1.5 and 3.0 V using conversion ratios of 1/3 and 2/3 are obtained with a 5 V input voltage. The theoretical normalised output current (Inorm) is 33% higher than that of the conventional topology. The measured Inorm reaches 0.428 A/(F ·Hz) with 1 nF on‐chip flying capacitors (Cf) at a switching frequency (f) of 20.8 MHz using 0.25 μm CMOS technology.
High numerical aperture, highly birefringent novel photonic crystal fibre for medical imaging applications
Authors: Sultana J. , Islam Md.S. , Islam M.R. , Abbott D.
Published: November 2017

A novel Zeonex based porous fibre is proposed for biomedical imaging and polarisation preserving applications of terahertz waves. The standard finite element method is used to simulate the propagation characteristics of the fibre that shows high numerical aperture of 0.48, high birefringence of 0.039 and a flattened dispersion of 1.07 ± 0.05 ps/THz/cm. In addition, the fibre also possesses low effective material loss and negligible confinement loss in the terahertz frequency band.
Hash rearrangement scheme for HEVC screen content coding
Authors: Kim Ilseung , Jeong Jechang
Published: November 2017

This study presents a hash rearrangement scheme to improve coding efficiency of high‐efficiency video coding for screen content (HEVC‐SCC) by sharing hashes of the inter‐search with intra block copy (IBC). Of the various methods introduced during the HEVC‐SCC development, the IBC search technique can yield tremendous coding gains, but creates a massive computational burden on the encoder side. The authors propose an effective way to generate the IBC hash table to avoid redundant operations required for hash entry computation. Moreover, the authors propose a hash rearrangement scheme to apply the second hashes used in the inter‐search to IBC and the corresponding IBC search method to reduce the computational burden and to improve the coding efficiency. The experimental results show that compared with the HEVC‐SCC test model (SCM)‐8.0, the proposed algorithm results 80% time reduction when considering IBC hash generation itself, and can save 9–30% of hash generation time even taking into account the proposed second hash generation. It can also reduce the hash‐based IBC search time by 14.61%. Furthermore, the proposed algorithm can achieve Bjontegaard delta bit rate savings of −0.66, −0.45 and −0.66% on average for all intra, low‐delay, and random access coding structures, respectively.
Neurotizaciones Sensitivas en Cirugía de la Mano
Authors: Martínez F. , Sevilla B. , García S. , García J. , Navarro J. , Robledano A. , Ros A.
Published: November 2017

La lesión de los nervios mediano y cubital puede ocasionar daños permanentes y tiene consecuencias devastadoras. Los accidentes con instrumentos cortantes en ambiente laboral o doméstico y las lesiones del plexo braquial, constituyen las causas más frecuentes. En los casos de lesión del nervio mediano, recuperar la sensibilidad de la “pinza” (borde cubital del pulgar y radial del índice), es esencial para la reeducación de la función motora e incluso, puede considerarse un requisito previo. Asimismo, la lesión del nervio cubital, conlleva a déficit de sensibilidad del borde medial de la mano y produce falta de soporte para la manipulación con la pinza. En ambos casos, la mano está expuesta a traumatismos, heridas, quemaduras, etc. En el momento de la lesión y siempre que sea posible, debe realizarse una reparación primaria del nervio. Las avulsiones, las lesiones proximales y los grandes defectos nerviosos, obligan a una reconstrucción secundaria cuando el paciente se ha recuperado de la lesión aguda. Este estudio objetiva una actualización de la literatura.
The Learning Curve Associated with Robotic Total Knee Arthroplasty
Authors: Sodhi Nipun , Khlopas Anton , Piuzzi Nicolas , Sultan Assem , Marchand Robert , Malkani Arthur , Mont Michael
Published: November 2017

As with most new surgical technologies, there is an associated learning curve with robotic-assisted total knee arthroplasty (TKA) before surgeons can expect ease of use to be similar to that of manual cases. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to (1) assess robotic-assisted versus manual operative times of two joint reconstructive surgeons separately as well as (2) find an overall learning curve. A total of 240 robotic-assisted TKAs performed by two board-certified surgeons were analyzed. The cases were sequentially grouped into 20 cases and a learning curve was created based on mean operative times. For each surgeon, mean operative times for their first 20 and last 20 robotic-assisted cases were compared with 20 randomly selected manual cases performed by that surgeon as controls prior to the initiation of the robotic-assisted cases. Each of the surgeons first 20 robotic assisted, last 20 robotic assisted, and 20 controls were then combined to create 3 cohorts of 40 cases for analysis. Surgeon 1: First and last robotic cohort operative times were 81 and 70 minutes (p < 0.05). Mean operative times for the first 20 robotic-assisted cases and manual cases were 81 versus 68 minutes (p < 0.05). Mean operative times for the last 20 robotic-assisted cases and manual cases were 70 versus 68 minutes (p > 0.05). Surgeon 2: First and last robotic cohort operative times were 117 and 98 minutes (p < 0.05). Mean operative times for the first 20 robotic-assisted cases and manual cases were 117 versus 95 (p < 0.05). Mean operative times for the last 20 robotic-cohort cases and manual cases were 98 versus 95 (p > 0.05). A similar trend occurred when the times of two surgeons were combined. The data from this study effectively create a learning curve for the use of robotic-assisted TKA. As both surgeons completed their total cases numbers within similar time frames, these data imply that within a few months, a board-certified orthopaedic joint arthroplasty surgeon should be able to adequately perform robotic TKA without adding any operative times.
Difficult Cases in Robotic Arm-Assisted Total Knee Arthroplasty: A Case Series
Authors: Marchand Robert , Khlopas Anton , Sodhi Nipun , Condrey Caitlin , Piuzzi Nicolas , Patel Rickesh , Delanois Ronald , Mont Michael
Published: November 2017

Sagittal deformity of the knee is commonly corrected to neutral biomechanical axis (±3 degrees) during total knee arthroplasty (TKA), which is a widely accepted goal. Recent advances in surgical technology have made it possible to accurately plan and fulfill these goals. One of these is robotic-assisted TKA, which has been noted to help increase accuracy and precision of restoring a neutral mechanical axis. While there are data confirming the ability of robotic devices to better correct knee alignment than the manual technique, there is a lack of data concerning the use of the robotic devices in more complex cases, such as those in patients with severe varus or valgus deformity, as well as in flexion contractures. Therefore, the purpose of this case study is to present three cases in which the robotic-assisted TKA device was used to correct a severe varus and severe valgus deformities. Based on this case series, it should be noted that the robotic device can also help correct severe varus/valgus deformities and flexion contractures.
Die Dorpater Zeit von Emil Kraepelin – Hinterließ dieser Aufenthalt Spuren in der russischen und sowjetischen
Psychiatrie?
Authors: Engmann Birk , Steinberg Holger
Published: November 2017

Emil Kraepelin (1856–1926) gilt auch in Russland als bedeutender Psychiater. Hinzukommt, dass Kraepelin selbst im Russischen Reich tätig war
– und zwar in den Jahren 1886 bis 1891 in Dorpat, dem heutigen Tartu in Estland. Wir gingen der Frage nach, ob die Popularität auf genau
dieser Dorpater Zeit beruht. Es konnte gezeigt werden, dass – obwohl jene Jahre für das Schaffen Kraepelins von Bedeutung waren – sie nicht
wesentlich zu seiner Popularität in Russland beitrugen. Übersetzungen von Kraepelins Schriften ins Russische liegen erst aus dem Zeitraum
vor, in dem Kraepelin die Lehrstühle in Heidelberg bzw. in München innehatte. Zudem war es keinem seiner Dorpater Studenten und Doktoranden
vergönnt, eine Position zu erreichen, die es ihm ermöglicht hätte, zu einem einflussreichen Protagonisten Kraepelinscher Lehren zu
werden.

Die Kraepelin-Rezeption war im Russischen Reich und in der Sowjetunion höchst uneinheitlich. Zeitweise wurden rückblickend seine Dorpater
experimentalpsychologischen Arbeiten gewürdigt – vor allem im Zusammenhang mit dem Aufstieg der Reflexologie in der russischen und vor allem
frühen sowjetischen Psychiatrie, später wurden vor allem Kraepelins Verdienste um die Klassifikation psychiatrischer Erkrankungen
herausgestellt.
Kater Edgar hat Diabetes – ein Fallbericht
Authors: Hornig Veronika
Published: November 2017

Ein 13 Jahre alter Kater wird mit Diabetes mellitus und chronischer Niereninsuffizienz diagnostiziert. Neben einer schulmedizinischen Behandlung wird klassische Homöopathie eingesetzt, die ausschlaggebenden Symptome liegen im Gemütsbereich. Die Laborwerte spiegeln oftmals das tatsächliche Allgemeinbefinden nicht wider. Nach mehrmaliger erfolgreicher homöopathischer Arzneimittelverordnung wird die schulmedizinische Behandlung abgesetzt. Allgemeinbefinden, Gemüt und Laborwerte bleiben unter homöopathischer Behandlung gut.
Mayombensin, a New Azadirachtin I Derivative with Unusual Structure from Guarea mayombensis
Authors: Djeukeu Charlie , Tala Michel , Akak Carine , Azebaze Anatole , Wafo Alain , Wansi Jean , Vardamides Juliette , Laatsch Hartmut
Published: November 2017

A new highly oxidized tetranortriterpenoid, named mayombensin (1), was isolated from the twigs of Guarea mayombensis together with five known compounds and, further, two ceramides, 3,4-dimethyl-secotirucalla-4(28),7,24-trien-3,21-dioic acid (3), the glucosides of stigmasterol and β-sitosterol, and the respective aglyca. The structure of 1 was elucidated by detailed NMR analysis and confirmed as a novel azadirachtin homologue.
Implantation einer modularen Knietotalendoprothese mit distalem Femurersatz mit kompressiver Osteointegration als Rückzugsoption bei komplexer femoraler posttraumatischer Ausgangssituation
Authors: Schreiner Anna , de Zwart Peter , Arnscheidt Christian , Stöckle Ulrich , Ochs Björn
Published: November 2017

Hintergrund Größere Knochendefekte und -verluste sind sowohl in der Tumorchirurgie als auch in der komplexen Primär- und Revisionsendoprothetik des Kniegelenks für die Rekonstruktion ausschlaggebend. Die gängige Option der zementierten wie auch zementfreien Implantation langstieliger Implantate gerät bei großen Knochendefekten oft an ihre Grenzen und ist des Weiteren aufgrund des relativ hohen Risikos der aseptischen Lockerung im Verlauf gefährdet. Eine allgemein gültige Festlegung auf die optimale Implantatfixierung im Bereich des distalen Femurs ist bisher noch nicht erfolgt. Eine weitere Verankerungsoption ist die Nutzung der auf dem Wolffʼschen Transformationsgesetz beruhenden zementfreien, kompressiven Osteointegration. Diese Methode wurde entwickelt, um die hohen aseptischen Lockerungsraten in der Revisionsendoprothetik zu senken und gleichzeitig bei großen Knochendefekten eingesetzt zu werden. Das sog. Compress®-System bzw. CPS ermöglicht eine solche distale Femurrekonstruktion. Das bisherige Haupteinsatzgebiet ist die Tumorendoprothetik. Für den Einsatz in der komplexen posttraumatischen Situation oder Revisionsendoprothetik liegen kaum Studiendaten vor.

Patienten Es werden 2 Fallberichte zweier männlicher Patienten (59 und 56 Jahre) mit 1-Jahres-Ergebnissen präsentiert. In beiden Fällen bestand der Zustand nach Polytrauma mit komplexer posttraumatischer Ausgangssituation am distalen Femur (Deformität, Knochendefekte, Voroperationen) und gleichseitig einliegender Hüftendoprothese. Es erfolgte die Implantation einer modularen KTP, bestehend aus einer zementierten modularen Tibiabasisplatte sowie einem distalen Femurersatz, mit zementfreier Implantatverankerung mittels kompressiver Osteointegration. Die beiden Fälle wurden prospektiv klinisch und radiologisch dokumentiert.

Ergebnisse Es zeigten sich gute klinisch-radiologische Ergebnisse nach distalem Femurersatz mittels kompressiver Osteointegration. Es waren keine Folge- oder Revisionseingriffe erforderlich. Die Patienten konnten ihre berufliche Tätigkeit in der Nachbeobachtungsphase wieder aufnehmen. Die Literatur zeigt vergleichbare Überlebensraten für das CPS im Vergleich zu den konventionellen Verfahren. Langzeitergebnisse und größere Daten für die Revisionsendoprothetik bzw. posttraumatische Fälle fehlen bisher.

Schlussfolgerung Neben der Anwendung in der Tumorendoprothetik kann auch die komplexe femorale Ausgangssituation mit großen Knochendefekten als Indikation für den distalen Femurersatz mittels Compress-System für den klinischen Alltag evaluiert werden. Gerade wenn gleichseitig eine HTP einliegt, kann diese Option interprothetische Stress-Riser vermeiden.
Malignes Lymphom beim Hund – ein Fallbericht
Authors: Danowski Klaus
Published: November 2017

Es wird ein 4-jähriger Weimaraner-Rüde mit fortgeschrittenem multiplem malignem Lymphom vorgestellt. Sein Zustand ist sehr reduziert, die Prognose schlecht. Nacheinander müssen Fieberschübe, Durchfälle, eine Handgelenksarthrose, Ödeme, eine Tonsillitis, eine Nagelbettentzündung, Warzen, Rückenschmerzen, eine Gehörgangsentzündung und Zeckenbefall abgearbeitet werden. Arsenicum album, Tuberkulinum, Mercurius, Calcium fluoratum, Luesinum und Sulfur werden zu Wendepunkten im Krankheitsgeschehen. Eine vollständige Remission gelingt.
Transition from regular to irregular reflection of cylindrical converging shock waves over convex obstacles
Authors: Vignati F. , Guardone A.
Published: November 2017

An analytical model for the evolution of regular reflections of cylindrical converging shock waves over circular-arc obstacles is proposed. The model based on the new (local) parameter, the perceived wedge angle, which substitutes the (global) wedge angle of planar surfaces and accounts for the time-dependent curvature of both the shock and the obstacle at the reflection point, is introduced. The new model compares fairly well with numerical results. Results from numerical simulations of the regular to Mach transition—eventually occurring further downstream along the obstacle—point to the perceived wedge angle as the most significant parameter to identify regular to Mach transitions. Indeed, at the transition point, the value of the perceived wedge angle is between 39° and 42° for all investigated configurations, whereas, e.g., the absolute local wedge angle varies in between 10° and 45° in the same conditions.
Note: A NDIR instrument for multicomponent gas detection using the galvanometer modulation
Authors: Wang Huijie , Wang Jing , Ma Xiangyun , Chen Wenliang , Chen Da , Li Qifeng
Published: November 2017

The non-dispersive infrared (NDIR) instruments are widely applied to multicomponent gas detection in many fields. In this paper, a NDIR instrument using the galvanometer modulation is proposed, which has a common optical path for multicomponent gas detection. Compared with the conventional NDIR instrument using the chopper modulation, the proposed instrument with a simpler configuration has better detection efficiency and stability. The proposed instrument has been successfully used to measure the main gas components of vehicle emissions. The NDIR instrument using the galvanometer modulation has great potential for remote sensing application, where multicomponent gas is always spatially inhomogeneous.
Control system of neoclassical tearing modes in real time on HL-2A tokamak
Authors: Yan Longwen , Ji Xiaoquan , Song Shaodong , Xia Fan , Xu Yuan , Ye Jiruo , Jiang Min , Chen Wenjin , Sun Tengfei , Liang Shaoyong , Ling Fei , Ma Rui , Huang Mei , Qu Hongpeng , Song Xianming , Yu Deliang , Shi Zhongbin , Liu Yi , Yang Qingwei , Xu Min , Duan Xuru , Liu Yong
Published: November 2017

The stability and performance of tokamak plasmas are routinely limited by various magneto-hydrodynamic instabilities, such as neoclassical tearing modes (NTMs). This paper presents a rather simple method to control the NTMs in real time (RT) on a tokamak, including the control principle of a feedback approach for RT suppression and stabilization for the NTMs. The control system combines Mirnov, electron cyclotron emission, and soft X-ray diagnostics used for determining the NTM positions. A methodology for fast detection of 2/1 or 3/2 NTM positions with 129 × 129 grid reconstruction is elucidated. The forty poloidal angles for steering the electron cyclotron resonance heating (ECRH)/electron cyclotron current drive launcher are used to establish the alignment of antenna mirrors with the center of the NTM and to ensure launcher emission intersecting with the rational surface of a magnetic island. Pilot experiments demonstrate the RT control capability to trace the conventional tearing modes (CTMs) in the HL-2A tokamak. The 2/1 CTMs have been suppressed or stabilized by the ECRH power deposition on site or with the steerable launcher.
Toroidal regularization of the guiding center Lagrangian
Authors: Burby J. W. , Ellison C. L.
Published: November 2017

In the Lagrangian theory of guiding center motion, an effective magnetic field B*=B+(m/e)v∥∇× b appears prominently in the equations of motion. Because the parallel component of this field can vanish, there is a range of parallel velocities where the Lagrangian guiding center equations of motion are either ill-defined or very badly behaved. Moreover, the velocity dependence of B* greatly complicates the identification of canonical variables and therefore the formulation of symplectic integrators for guiding center dynamics. This letter introduces a simple coordinate transformation that alleviates both these problems simultaneously. In the new coordinates, the Liouville volume element is equal to the toroidal contravariant component of the magnetic field. Consequently, the large-velocity singularity is completely eliminated. Moreover, passing from the new coordinate system to canonical coordinates is extremely simple, even if the magnetic field is devoid of flux surfaces. We demonstrate the utility of this approach in regularizing the guiding center Lagrangian by presenting a new and stable one-step variational integrator for guiding centers moving in arbitrary time-dependent electromagnetic fields.