bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Can Digger Blades Wear Affect the Quality of Peanut Digging?
Authors: Santos Adão Felipe dos , Oliveira Luan Pereira de , Oliveira Bruno Rocca de , Ormond Antonio Tassio Santana , Silva Rouverson Pereira da
Published: April 2021

The Brazilian peanut harvest has become fully mechanized and is divided into two operations: digging and gathering. Nerveless, in both operations, it can be found losses, and it could avoid doing machine maintenance adequate. This study aimed to evaluate the quality and quantify the interference of the harvesting period (morning, afternoon, and night) and the wear of the digging-shaking-inverter mechanism (blades) in the loss indexes in the digging operation. The experiment was carried out in a commercial field. Worn and new blades were used to dig peanuts at three different periods of the day. Losses were quantified by collecting 20 points separated by 20 m for each treatment. The experimental design was in bands using a factorial 3x2 analysis, was three shifts of digging and two blades wear condition. Digging with worn blades increased the losses in the three different periods compared to using new blades, and the farmers can increase profit by 22% by reducing the digging losses.
Entrevista a Clara Andrés-Roqueta
Authors: Igualada Alfonso
Published: April 2021

Entrevista a Clara Andrés-Roqueta.
Apostasy, usurpation, and biblical genealogies: The question of sovereignty in Iberian encounters in the tropics (15th-16th centuries).
Authors: Devereux Andrew W.
Published: April 2021

Aquest article examina diversos escenaris de trobada entre ibèrics i locals no abrahàmics, concretament a Amèrica, les Illes Canàries i l’Àfrica occidental. Basat en escrits dels segles XV i XVI, aquest treball analitza les diferents visions dels ibèrics d’època moderna sobre la capacitat dels no cristians de mantenir el dominium; sobre la comprensió dels ibèrics de l’abast geogràfic del cristianisme primerenc i les implicacions que té per a les reivindicacions polítiques en època moderna, i sobre les lectures dels ibèrics relatives a genealogies bíbliques i el pes que comportaven els arguments legals sobre sobirania i esclavitud.
Hidden subjectivities in objective measures: Spanish perceptions of geographic space in North Africa.
Authors: Liang Yuen-Gen
Published: April 2021

A finals del segle XV i principis del XVI, les forces espanyoles van envair diverses ciutats costaneres del nord d’Àfrica. Els historiadors solen considerar aquesta trobada com la continuació d’una dinàmica familiar de les relacions cristiano-musulmanes a la Mediterrània occidental. D’aquesta manera, es considera que els espanyols gairebé tenien un coneixement previ de la topografia, que s’assemblava als paisatges ibèrics, així com del clima, la flora i la fauna, que s’inclouen còmodament dins d’un cinturó braudelià d’oliveres. Fins a quin punt aquesta caracterització indica les percepcions sensorials espanyoles del món geogràfic del nord d’Àfrica? El coneixement geogràfic era fonamental per a les campanyes militars que pretenien capturar territoris d’ultramar i la recopilació i representació d’informació se solapava amb el desenvolupament de les ciències, inclosa l’enginyeria. Les representacions d’aquestes dades es van fixar en mesures precises. Al mateix temps, l’experiència humana de mesura, com en el cas de la distància, estava condicionada a les subjectivitats. L’agència humana, la percepció sensorial i fins i tot els imaginaris del desconegut van alterar la manera com els espanyols es van trobar amb el món geogràfic del nord d’Àfrica. Juxtaposant la percepció geogràfica en termes mesurables i subjectius, aquest article presenta una altra mirada als contactes dels espanyols amb el nord d’Àfrica.
Tantala Kerr nonlinear integrated photonics
Authors: Jung Hojoong , Yu Su-Peng , Carlson David R. , Drake Tara E. , Briles Travis C. , Papp Scott B.
Published: April 2021

Integrated photonics plays a central role in modern science and technology, enabling experiments from nonlinear science to quantum information, ultraprecise measurements and sensing, and advanced applications such as data communication and signal processing. Optical materials with favorable properties are essential for nanofabrication of integrated photonics devices. Here we describe a material for integrated nonlinear photonics, tantalum pentoxide (

T
a

2

O

5

, hereafter tantala), which offers low intrinsic material stress, low optical loss, and efficient access to Kerr nonlinear processes. We utilize

>

800

n
m

thick tantala films deposited via ion beam sputtering on oxidized silicon wafers. The tantala films contain a low residual tensile stress of 38 MPa, and they offer a Kerr index of

n
2

=
6.2
±
2.3
×

10

−
19

m

2

/

W

, which is approximately a factor of 3 higher than silicon nitride. We fabricate integrated nonlinear resonators and waveguides without the cracking challenges that are prevalent in stoichiometric silicon nitride. The tantala resonators feature an optical quality factor up to

3.8
×

10
6

, which enables us to generate ultrabroad bandwidth Kerr soliton frequency combs with low threshold power. Moreover, we characterize tantala waveguides by supercontinuum generation from low-energy, ultrafast seed pulses. These demonstrations characterize future application directions with tantala integrated nonlinear photonics.
Comb operation in terahertz quantum cascade ring lasers
Authors: Jaidl M. , Opačak N. , Kainz M. A. , Schönhuber S. , Theiner D. , Limbacher B. , Beiser M. , Giparakis M. , Andrews A. M. , Strasser G. , Schwarz B. , Darmo J. , Unterrainer K.
Published: April 2021

Ring resonators are an interesting alternative cavity solution to the commonly used ridge-type waveguide for terahertz (THz) quantum cascade lasers. They either support a standing-wave pattern showing spatial hole burning if there are defects implemented or a traveling mode in a defect-free cavity. Here, we report on ring-shaped THz quantum cascade lasers emitting between 3.2 and 4.1 THz operating in four different emission regimes. The presence of defects in the cavities force the THz quantum cascade laser into a standing-wave pattern. The measurements show a complex behavior highlighting the effect of strong confinement and the optical nonlinearities leading to the generation of a harmonic state, as well as to a fundamental comb, exhibiting over 30 equidistant modes and covering a bandwidth of 622 GHz. The results are explained by numerical calculations based on the Maxwell–Bloch formalism, including the linewidth enhancement factor and reflection points. The compact geometry and high output power (4 mW detected) make these devices extremely appealing for on-chip frequency comb applications in the terahertz region.
Tunable photon blockade with a single atom in a cavity under electromagnetically induced transparency
Authors: Tang Jing , Deng Yuangang , Lee Chaohong
Published: April 2021

We present an experimental proposal to achieve a strong photon blockade by employing electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) with a single alkaline-earth-metal atom trapped in an optical cavity. In the presence of optical Stark shift, both the second-order correlation function and cavity transmission exhibit asymmetric structures between the red and blue sidebands of the cavity. For a weak control field, the photon quantum statistics for the coherent transparency window (i.e., atomic quasi-dark-state resonance) are insensitive to the Stark shift, which should also be immune to the spontaneous emission of the excited state by taking advantage of the intrinsic dark-state polariton of EIT. Interestingly, by exploiting the interplay between the Stark shift and control field, the strong photon blockade at atomic quasi-dark-state resonance has an optimal second-order correlation function

g

(
2
)

(
0
)
∼

10

−
4

and a high cavity transmission simultaneously. The underlying physical mechanism is ascribed to the Stark shift enhanced spectrum anharmonicity and the EIT hosted strong nonlinearity with loss-insensitive atomic quasi-dark-state resonance, which is essentially different from the conventional proposal with emerging Kerr nonlinearity in cavity-EIT. Our results reveal a new strategy to realize high-quality single photon sources, which could open up a new avenue for engineering nonclassical quantum states in cavity quantum electrodynamics.
PIC-integrable, uniformly tensile-strained Ge-on-insulator photodiodes enabled by recessed SiNx stressor
Authors: Lin Yiding , Ma Danhao , Hong Lee Kwang , Wen Rui-Tao , Syaranamual Govindo , Kimerling Lionel C. , Seng Tan Chuan , Michel Jurgen
Published: April 2021

Mechanical strain engineering has been promising for many integrated photonic applications. However, for the engineering of a material electronic bandgap, a trade-off exists between the strain uniformity and the integration compatibility with photonic-integrated circuits (PICs). Herein, we adopted a straightforward recess-type design of a silicon nitride (

SiN

x

) stressor to achieve a uniform strain with enhanced magnitude in the material of interest on PICs. Normal-incidence, uniformly 0.56% tensile strained germanium (Ge)-on-insulator (GOI) metal-semiconductor-metal photodiodes were demonstrated, using the recessed stressor with 750 MPa tensile stress. The device exhibits a responsivity of

1.84
±
0.15
  
A
/
W

at 1550 nm. The extracted Ge absorption coefficient is enhanced by

∼
3.2
×

to

8340
  

cm

−
1

at 1612 nm and is superior to that of

In

0.53

Ga

0.47

As

up to 1630 nm limited by the measurement spectrum. Compared with the nonrecess strained device, additional absorption coefficient improvement of 10%–20% in the

C

-band and 40%–60% in the

L

-band was observed. This work facilitates the recess-strained GOI photodiodes for free-space PIC applications and paves the way for various (e.g., Ge, GeSn or III-V based) uniformly strained photonic devices on PICs.
The phase space of meaning model of psychopathology: A computer simulation modelling study
Authors: Kleinbub Johann Roland , Testolin Alberto , Palmieri Arianna , Salvatore Sergio
Published: April 2021

Introduction

The hypothesis of a general psychopathology factor that underpins all common forms of mental disorders has been gaining momentum in contemporary clinical research and is known as thepfactor hypothesis. Recently, a semiotic, embodied, and psychoanalytic conceptualisation of thepfactor has been proposed called the Harmonium Model, which provides a computational account of such a construct. This research tested the core tenet of the Harmonium model, which is the idea that psychopathology can be conceptualised as due to poorly-modulable cognitive processes, and modelled the concept of Phase Space of Meaning (PSM) at the computational level.

Method

Two studies were performed, both based on a simulation design implementing a deep learning model, simulating a cognitive process: a classification task. The level of performance of the task was considered the simulated equivalent to the normality-psychopathology continuum, the dimensionality of the neural network’s internal computational dynamics being the simulated equivalent of the PSM’s dimensionality.

Results

The neural networks’ level of performance was shown to be associated with the characteristics of the internal computational dynamics, assumed to be the simulated equivalent of poorly-modulable cognitive processes.

Discussion

Findings supported the hypothesis. They showed that the neural network’s low performance was a matter of the combination of predicted characteristics of the neural networks’ internal computational dynamics. Implications, limitations, and further research directions are discussed.
Face masks reduce emotion-recognition accuracy and perceived closeness
Authors: Grundmann Felix , Epstude Kai , Scheibe Susanne
Published: April 2021

Face masks became the symbol of the global fight against the coronavirus. While face masks’ medical benefits are clear, little is known about their psychological consequences. Drawing on theories of the social functions of emotions and rapid trait impressions, we tested hypotheses on face masks’ effects on emotion-recognition accuracy and social judgments (perceived trustworthiness, likability, and closeness). Our preregistered study with 191 German adults revealed that face masks diminish people’s ability to accurately categorize an emotion expression and make target persons appear less close. Exploratory analyses further revealed that face masks buffered the negative effect of negative (vs. non-negative) emotion expressions on perceptions of trustworthiness, likability, and closeness. Associating face masks with the coronavirus’ dangers predicted higher perceptions of closeness for masked but not for unmasked faces. By highlighting face masks’ effects on social functioning, our findings inform policymaking and point at contexts where alternatives to face masks are needed.
Urban attractors: Discovering patterns in regions of attraction in cities
Authors: Alhazzani May , Alhasoun Fahad , Alawwad Zeyad , González Marta C.
Published: April 2021

Understanding the dynamics by which urban areas attract visitors is important in today’s cities that are continuously increasing in population towards higher densities. Identifying services that relate to highly attractive districts is useful to make policies regarding the placement of such places. Thus, we present a framework for classifying districts in cities by their attractiveness to daily commuters and relating Points of Interests (POIs) types to districts’ attraction patterns. We used Origin-Destination matrices (ODs) mined from cell phone data that capture the flow of trips between each pair of places in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. We define the attraction profile for a place based on three main statistical features: The number of visitors a place received, the distribution of distance traveled by visitors on the road network, and the spatial spread of locations from where trips started. We used a hierarchical clustering algorithm to classify all places in the city by their features of attraction. We discovered three main types of Urban Attractors in Riyadh during the morning period: Global, which are significant places in the city, Downtown, which contains the central business district, and Residential attractors. In addition, we uncovered what makes districts possess certain attraction patterns. We used a statistical significance testing approach to quantify the relationship between Points of Interests (POIs) types (services) and the patterns of Urban Attractors detected.
Transport of Alzheimer’s associated amyloid-β catalyzed by P-glycoprotein
Authors: McCormick James W. , McCormick Lauren A. , Chen Gang , Vogel Pia D. , Wise John G.
Published: April 2021

P-glycoprotein (P-gp) is a critical membrane transporter in the blood brain barrier (BBB) and is implicated in Alzheimer’s disease (AD). However, previous studies on the ability of P-gp to directly transport the Alzheimer’s associated amyloid-β (Aβ) protein have produced contradictory results. Here we use molecular dynamics (MD) simulations, transport substrate accumulation studies in cell culture, and biochemical activity assays to show that P-gp actively transports Aβ. We observed transport of Aβ40 and Aβ42 monomers by P-gp in explicit MD simulations of a putative catalytic cycle. In in vitro assays with P-gp overexpressing cells, we observed enhanced accumulation of fluorescently labeled Aβ42 in the presence of Tariquidar, a potent P-gp inhibitor. We also showed that Aβ42 stimulated the ATP hydrolysis activity of isolated P-gp in nanodiscs. Our findings expand the substrate profile of P-gp, and suggest that P-gp may contribute to the onset and progression of AD.
Levels and predictors of fear and health anxiety during the current outbreak of COVID-19 in immunocompromised and chronic disease patients in Saudi Arabia: A cross-sectional correlational study
Authors: Al-Rahimi Jehan S. , Nass Nada M. , Hassoubah Shahira A. , Wazqar Dhuha Y. , Alamoudi Soha A.
Published: April 2021

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) infection has become a clinical threat to healthy people as well as immunocompromised patients and those with pre-existing chronic diseases around the world. This study, which used a cross-sectional correlational design, aimed to assess the levels of fear and health anxiety and to investigate their predictors during the current outbreak of COVID-19 in immunocompromised and chronic disease patients in Saudi Arabia. Sociodemographic and clinical data, fear of COVID-19, and health anxiety measurements were collected by online surveys from June 15 to July 15, 2020. Univariate and multiple linear regression analysis was used to identify predictors. A total of 1,030 patients in 13 provinces in Saudi Arabia completed the questionnaire. A significant number of patients with chronic diseases experienced considerable levels of fear and anxiety during the COVID-19 outbreak. It was found that 21.44% of participants met the criteria for anxiety cases, and 19.4% were considered borderline anxiety cases. In regression analysis, significant predictors of fear and health anxiety were female gender, lower education, middle-aged, divorced or widowed, receiving immunosuppressants, type of chronic disease (Crohn’s disease, hypertension, and cardiovascular diseases), and media use as a source of knowledge about COVID-19. Immunocompromised and chronic disease patients are vulnerable to fear and anxiety during epidemic infectious diseases such as COVID-19. Optimizing this population’s compliance with appropriate infection prevention and control strategies is crucial during the infectious outbreaks to ensure their safety, to decrease the risk of infection and serious complications, and reduce their fear and health anxiety. Effective positive psychological interventions and support strategies also need to be immediately implemented to increase psychological resilience and improve the mental health of these patients. Due to the COVID-19 outbreak, chronic disease patients in Saudi Arabia need special attention from health authorities, policymakers, and healthcare professionals to manage maladaptive forms of health anxiety and fear.
Analyzing patient trust through the lens of hospitals managers—The other side of the coin
Authors: Tur-Sinai Aviad , Barnea Royi , Tal Orna
Published: April 2021

Trust is an essential element in patient-physician relationships, yet trust is perceived differently among providers and customers exist. During January-February 2020 we examined the standpoints of medical managers and administrative directors from the private and public health hospitals on patient-physician trust, using a structured questionnaire. Thirty-six managers in public and private hospitals (24 from the public sector and 12 from the private sector) responded to the survey. Managers in the private sector rated trust higher in comparison to managers in the public sector, including trust related to patient satisfaction, professionalism and accountability. Managers from public hospitals gave higher scores to the need for patient education and shared responsibility prior to medical procedures. Administrative directors gave higher scores to various dimensions of trust and autonomy while medical managers gave higher scores to economic considerations. Trust is a fundamental component of the healthcare system and may be used to improve the provision and quality of care by analyzing standpoints and comparable continuous monitoring. Differences in position, education and training influence the perception of trust among managers in the health system. This survey may allow policy makers and opinion leaders to continue building and maintaining trust between patients and care providers.
The influence of cervical spine rehabilitation on bioelectrical activity (sEMG) of cervical and masticatory system muscles
Authors: Kielnar Renata , Mika Anna , Bylina Dorota , Sołtan Jarosław , Stolarczyk Artur , Pruszczyński Błażej , Racheniuk Henryk , Szczegielniak Jan , Królikowka Aleksandra , Oleksy Łukasz
Published: April 2021

Background

Coexistence of temporomandibular joint discomfort along with cervical spine disorders is quite common, and is associated with many limitations and adverse symptoms for the patient. Both diagnostics and treatment of these ailments are difficult, and in many cases, the effects of therapy are not satisfactory. This study assessed the impact of a 3-week neck-only rehabilitation programme without direct intervention in the craniofacial area on the bioelectric activity of both the cervical spine and muscles in the craniofacial area among patients with idiopathic neck pain who do not report TMJ pain.

Design

A parallel group trial with follow-up; Setting: Rehabilitation Clinic.

Methods

Twenty five patients experiencing idiopathic neck pain underwent the 3-week rehabilitation programme. Thirty five age-matched subjects with no cervical spine and temporomandibular joint (TMJ) dysfunctions were control group. At baseline and after 3 weeks the cervical and craniofacial area muscles’ bioelectrical activity (sEMG) was evaluated.

Results

In the experimental group during cervical flexion, a significant decrease of sEMG amplitude was noted in the right (mean 25.1 μV; 95% CI: 21.5–28.6 vs mean 16.8 μV; 95% CI: 13.8–19.7) and left (mean 25.9 μV; 95% CI: 21.7–30.0 vs mean 17.2 μV; 95% CI: 13.6–20.7) Sternocleidomastoid as well as a significant increase in sEMG amplitude of the right (mean 11.1 μV; 95% CI: 7.9–14.2 vs mean 15.7 μV; 95% CI: 12.1–19.2) and left (mean 15.3 μV; 95% CI: 11.9–18.6 vs mean 20.2 μV; 95% CI: 15.7–24.2) Upper Trapezius muscles. In the experimental group, after therapy right and left Sternocleidomastoid, Temporalis Anterior and Masseter muscles presented lower fatigue levels.

Conclusions

Three weeks of rehabilitation without any therapeutic intervention in temporomandibular joint significantly decreased the bioelectrical activity of the neck and craniofacial muscles while improving the muscle pattern of coactivation in participants with idiopathic neck pain who do not report temporomandibular joint pain. These observations could be helpful in the physiotherapeutic treatment of neck and craniofacial area dysfunctions.

Trial registration

ID ISRCTN14511735—retrospectively registered.
Navigating sociocultural communication spaces from a gendered perspective: An analysis of the use of new media technologies by Kenyan families
Authors: Lumala Peter F. Masibo
Published: April 2021

New technologies have challenged the established conceptual understanding of time and physical space as we know it and problematized how cultural values and power dynamics between men and women are viewed. This study sought to examine the time–space distanciation and comprehension in the face of increased access to and use of new communication technologies by families in Kenya. The article addresses the following questions: (1) How have new media technologies in Kenya affected individuals’ use of space at the family level? (2) How do women and men navigate through changes in spaces occasioned by the new media technologies? (3) What influence have new media technologies had on gendered power dynamics between men and women in the family set up? A qualitative study was carried out between October 2018 and October 2019 in Uasin Gishu County in Kenya. Interviews and observation techniques were employed with a total of 42 purposively sampled participants taking part. Qualitative techniques were used to analyse the data. The study generated a number of findings that formed the basis of key recommendations thereof.
Las ciencias sociales e ingenieriles desde el realismo constructivo de Ronald Giere
Authors: Cuevas Badallo Ana , Torres González Obdulia
Published: April 2021

El realismo constructivo defendido por Ronald Giere puede servir para comprender mejor las características de dos ámbitos de la investigación científica que tienden a ser menospreciados por las concepciones filosóficas más tradicionales: el conocimiento social e ingenieril. Aquí se defenderá que estos dos ámbitos comparten rasgos relevantes y que la propuesta modelística del autor puede servir para llevar a cabo un mejor análisis de sus peculiaridades. Enfatizaremos, por un lado, su concepción modelística de la ciencia, y la consideración de que los modelos guardan relaciones de similitud con el mundo, y por otro cómo esta postura incide en la elección entre teorías. En concreto, se tratará acerca de la naturaleza especial de las leyes en ciencias sociales y en las ciencias ingenieriles, así como los criterios por los que los científicos en estos ámbitos eligen entre los distintos modelos posibles.
El perspectivismo de Giere desde una perspectiva axiológica
Authors: Echeverría Javier
Published: April 2021

El perspectivismo científico (Giere, 2006) es una propuesta epistemológica que considera a las teorías científicas como puntos de vista del conocimiento. Supuso un giro importante en la obra de Giere, porque se orientó a la práctica científica e incluso analizó ejemplos de la tecnociencia contemporánea (Hubble, CERN, etc.) y no sólo de la ciencia moderna, como suelen hacer otros epistemólogos. Este artículo pretende mejorar la propuesta de Giere añadiendo una dimensión axiológica a su perspectivismo. Parte de la hipótesis de que la actividad científica está guiada por valores epistémicos (Kuhn, Laudan, Putnam) y de que en la tecnociencia operan otros tipos de valores. A modo de conclusión, retomando el debate de Giere entre objetivismo y perspectivismo, se afirma que cuando los epistemólogos hablan de objetividad y de realidad están hablando de valores, y más concretamente de valores epistémicos (objetividad), así como de valores ontológicos (realidad).
Entorno digital y generación Z
Authors: Doardi Davide
Published: April 2021

Para la ciencia cognitiva de la primera mitad de siglo XX la mente ocupa el mismo espacio segregado e individual que el cerebro.  En este espacio la materia biológica es una contingencia que podría ser reemplazada por un soporte sintético, y los procesos relacionan sintácticamente símbolos de por sí desprovistos de significado.  Prueba de la importancia que ha cobrado esta dimensión descontextualizada y desencarnada de la cognición es la popularidad de la neuroeducación. Según todas las tendencias que suscriben alguna forma de neurocentrismo en educación, el espacio donde ocurre el aprendizaje es el cerebro; sería por ende necesario partir de su estudio objetivo para entender y mejorar la educación. Este artículo utiliza los datos obtenidos por medio de observación participante de la dinámica social en aula, a lo largo de casi siete años de experiencia como docente de primaria y secundaria, para argumentar que la teoría computacional de la mente y la neurociencia no son suficientes para entender los cambios en   modalidad de adquisición, memorización y procesamiento de la información por parte de la Generación Z. En general, los procesos cognitivos humanos son contextualizados, encarnados y distribuidos. Datos procedentes de la antropología cultural y la arqueología cognitiva brindan evidencia adicional a este enfoque.  Se propone por lo tanto un marco teórico del procesamiento de la información basado en la cognición distribuida, a fin de aportar validez ecológica al estudio de la memoria y otros procesos cognitivos en ámbito educativo.
La educación en el Antropoceno. Posibilismo versus utopía
Authors: Murga Menoyo María Ángeles
Published: April 2021

Este artículo reflexiona sobre la educación en el marco del Antropoceno, asumiendo como retos educativos de primer orden las problemáticas que justifican asignar tal denominación al actual periodo geológico. De ellas se deriva la urgencia de formar ciudadanos activamente comprometidos con los principios y valores de la sostenibilidad. El foco de atención se sitúa en dos principales aspectos: la acción transformadora como dinámica nutricia del proceso formativo y las competencias cuya adquisición la educación debe procurar. En el texto se revisa, por una parte, la tipología actualizada de competencias que, con el calificativo de ‘transformadoras’, recoge el Learning Compass 2030 (OCDE, 2019), con nuevos elementos que complejizan la propuesta formativa del modelo DeSeCo (OCDE, 2005). Por otra, se analizan los aspectos significativos de la tipología de competencias clave para la sostenibilidad que promueve Unesco (2014; 2018a). A partir de la consideración reflexiva de ambas tipologías, se advierte en ellas la carencia de elementos (capacidades) necesarios para alcanzar una conciencia crítica de especie y cuya formación afecta significativamente a lo que cada persona puede llegar a ser. Para robustecer la consistencia del modelo, se proponen como complementarias las denominadas por Edgar Morin (2016) ‘competencias existenciales’, que apuntan al núcleo más radical de la persona humana. Estas últimas no son competencias explícitamente recogidas en las por otra parte loables iniciativas que organismos e instituciones internacionales están desplegando para llevar a buen puerto la agenda Educación 2030. Son, sin embargo, de imprescindible atención en el marco de una educación de calidad, verdaderamente transformadora. Por tanto, es preciso incorporarlas al modelo competencial dominante en el escenario internacional para afrontar radicalmente la gravedad y urgencia de las actuales problemáticas socioecológicas. Se requiere el sustrato antropológico que proporciona un humanismo biocéntrico, comprometido con la responsabilidad moral que obliga a preservar la dignidad de la vida en su extraordinaria diversidad.
Nasal Aesthetic Evaluation Following Pre-Surgical Naso-Alveolar Molding Application: A Single-Blinded Cohort Retrospective Study in Indonesia
Authors: Bangun Kristaninta , Sukasah Chaula Luthfia , Kamayana Jenisa Amanda Sandiarini , Basuki Adi , Halim Jessica , Nahdiyat Nur Eulis Pujiastuti , Harsanto Agatha Novell , Pramudita Arvin
Published: April 2021

Introduction: As a major facial aesthetic unit, the nose is one of the significant features in cleft lip and palate repair. The use of a naso-alveolar molding (NAM) device was known to help narrow the cleft gap and improve nasal aesthetics. This study aims to evaluate post-operative nasal morphology in unilateral cleft lip and palate patients who had used presurgical NAM, particularly in an established craniofacial centre in one of developing countries.
Methods: A cohort retrospective study was conducted at Cleft Craniofacial Centre, Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital Indonesia, comparing the nasal symmetry in unilateral cleft lip patients with and without prior application of NAM (NAM and control group), twelve months following primary cheiloplasty. Differences between the cleft and normal side were assessed using standard basilar view photographs based on five points nasal measurements.
Results: A total of twelve patients were enrolled, six with a history of NAM application and six without (control). Overall nasal measurements confirmed a lower mean of differences in the NAM group compared to the control, showing statistically significant results in nostril height, nasal dome height, and columellar height (p <0.05).
Conclusion: This study provides an insight that cleft lip patients with a history of NAM application had superior nasal symmetry compared to patients without presurgical NAM application 1-year post-cheiloplasty. Presurgical NAM application is recommended for patients with unilateral cleft lip and palate.
A szervezeti kultúra szerepe a környezettudatos vállalati magatartásban
Authors: Zsóka Ágnes
Published: April 2021

A tanulmány a környezeti tudatosság komponensei közül a környezeti értékeknek a szervezeti magatartásban játszott szerepét vizsgálja. A szerző álláspontja szerint a vállalat által vallott és követett értékek leginkább a szervezeti kultúrában érhetők tetten. Az empirikus kutatás célja ebből következően, hogy megvizsgálja a környezetvédelem szervezeti kultúrába ágyazottságát egy olyan vállalat esetében, amelynek környezettudatos szervezeti magatartása a környezeti tudatosság többi komponensét – vagyis a vállalat ökológiai tudását, környezeti attitűdjeit, cselekvési hajlandóságát, és környezetvédelmi tevékenységét – tekintve egy korábbi kutatás eredményei alapján konzisztensnek bizonyult. A tanulmány arra kíván rávilágítani, hogy a környezeti értékek kitüntetett jelentőséggel bírnak mind a szervezeti tagok, mind az egész szervezet környezeti tudatosságát illetően, és a szervezeti magatartás ilyen értelemben csak akkor lehet konzisztens, ha a környezeti értékek stabilan és ellentmondásmentesen épülnek be a szervezet kultúrájába.
PROCESSOS HIDROLÓGICOS SUBSUPERFICIAIS INFLUENCIADOS POR CORTES DE ESTRADAS RURAIS NA BACIA HIDROGRÁFICA DO RIO GUABIROBA, GUARAPUAVA, PARANÁ, BRASIL
Authors: Cristina da Cunha Márcia , Lopes Thomaz Edivaldo , Antonio de Oliveira Fabiano
Published: April 2021

Embora as estradas rurais permitam o desenvolvimento das comunidades rurais, elas alteram a resposta hidrológica natural da bacia hidrográfica. Este estudo foi realizado na bacia do Rio Guabiroba, Guarapuava-PR, Brasil, com o objetivo de verificar como os processos hidrológicos subsuperficiais são influenciados por cortes de estrada rural. Foram realizados levantamentos de campo para identificação dos tipos de interceptação do fluxo em subsuperfície. Foi realizado também o monitoramento da chuva (mm), nível do lençol freático (cm) e vazão (l/s) nos locais de interceptação. Como resultado, três tipos principais foram identificados: fluxo de retorno, fluxo pipe e fluxo insaturado. O fluxo do tipo pipe respondeu por mais de 60% do volume de vazão interceptada, porém, a altura da profundidade do nível do lençol freático e o tempo de permanência foi mais elevado no fluxo de retorno. Já o fluxo insaturado contribuiu com 20% do volume de vazão interceptada. Conclui-se, portanto, que os tipos de interceptação subsuperficial e os mecanismos diferenciados destes podem alterar a dinâmica hidrológica natural da bacia, provocando um tempo de resposta menor que por meio da infiltração e deslocamento no solo. Assim, estudos em estradas rurais é fundamental para o desenvolvimento das comunidades rurais do ponto de vista geográfico.
Estructura de datos XTCE en sistemas CubeSat
Authors: Figueredo Wilmer , Aparicio Pico Lilia Edith
Published: April 2021

Este articulo muestra la construcción de un modelo de información para el intercambio de datos e información dentro del contexto del desarrollo de sistemas satelitales de tipo CubeSat. Se articulan el desarrollo, procedimiento, descripción, diseño, arquitectura y los resultados que refieren en gran medida a la adopción de dichos lineamientos en un escenario de interoperabilidad tecnológica. De igual manera, se puntualiza la funcionalidad en los esquemas de trasmisión de información de telemetría en satélites académicos. Se tienen en cuenta los lineamientos del Comité Consultivo para Sistemas de Datos Espaciales (CCSDS), en colaboración con la Agencia Espacial Europea (ESA) y la entidad de Cooperación Europea para la Normalización Espacial (ECSS), las cuales han consolidado múltiples recomendaciones para normalizar la transferencia de información de sistemas espaciales a través de varios procedimientos y mecanismos. Adicionalmente, se consideró el lenguaje de marcado extensivo (XML), junto al formato de intercambio de telemetría y comando (XTCE), en conjunto con el estándar de utilización de paquetes (PUS), la descripción de los servicios de operación de misión (MO) y la capa de abstracción de mensajes (MAL), teniendo en cuenta que sugieren la modularidad y especificidad necesaria para el desarrollo y construcción de sistemas de información en tecnologías satelitales.
Panorama tecnológico colombiano: Una aproximación desde las solicitudes de patentes en Colombia entre los años 2000 y 2018
Authors: Romero-Betancur Jesus David
Published: April 2021

Un aspecto que permite reconocer el fomento a la innovación en un país se corresponde con la cantidad de patentes solicitadas y otorgadas por este. Entendiendo que, de esta manera, se puede reconocer la dinámica en que el conocimiento se genera y apropia con fines industriales y comerciales. En este contexto, se busca establecer un panorama tecnológico colombiano, basado en las patentes presentadas entre los años 2000 a 2018, según los titulares asociados, así como su origen y naturaleza como persona natural o jurídica (empresas o universidades). Como resultado de este ejercicio se ratifica la percepción generalizada de que en el país se protegen principalmente desarrollos asociados con el sector farmacéutico, encontrando que esto se presenta para el caso de titulares no residentes en el país; mientras que para los residentes el mayor interés se genera por parte de personas naturales sin una especialidad técnica concreta. Por otro lado, se encuentra que las patentes no necesariamente representan un factor de competitividad en el mercado, sino un factor de estatus o distinción para el caso de los nacionales y una herramienta de protección de mercado para los extranjeros. Esto último dado que los objetos de protección por patente en su gran mayoría no se fabrican en el país sino que solo se comercializan.
Desafios de professores da educação básica técnica e tecnológica no Brasil
Authors: Machado Celia Tanajura , Ferreira Liliana Soares , Cezar Taise Tadielo
Published: April 2021

Analisa-se os desafios que se apresentam aos professores das instituições da Rede Federal de Educação Profissional, Científica e Tecnológica (RFEPCT), profissionais do Magistério Público Federal da Carreira da Educação Básica, Técnica e Tecnológica (Carreira EBTT). A partir da historicização, realizou-se estudo dos marcos legais referentes à carreira dos professores da EBTT, desde a reestruturação da oferta da EPT no Brasil em 2008. No estudo, os dados produzidos a partir do Censo da Educação Superior permitiram uma visualização, em forma de gráficos, referentes ao quantitativo e à formação dos professores que compõem a RFEPCT de 2009 a 2018. Ainda, foram aplicados questionários a acadêmicos de seis turmas de um programa de licenciatura para bacharéis e de duas turmas da Pós-graduação. Este artigo é, então, resultante da produção e análise dos dados, pautando-se pela análise dos movimentos de estudos, técnica que considera o discurso como materialidade. As análises indicaram que os professores estão submetidos a diretrizes, princípios e valores, orientados pela produtividade, eficiência e racionalidade teórica e metodológica. Em consequência, a valorização profissional dos professores da Carreira EBTT relaciona-se aos preceitos do mercado, que exigem determinadas habilidades e competências na realização do trabalho pedagógico na instituição escolar.
¿Son las universidades socialmente responsables?
Authors: Arias Valle Maria Belén , Berbegal-Mirabent Jasmina , Marimon-Viadiu Frederic
Published: April 2021

La importancia de la responsabilidad social universitaria (RSU) viene dada por el compromiso que asume la universidad frente a sus grupos de interés. Producto de esta importancia es la realización de la presente investigación, que tiene como objetivo analizar el nivel de desempeño en RSU que las universidades comunican. Para ello se propone un procedimiento estructurado en cinco fases que analiza elementos de dirección estratégica y contempla el uso de indicadores de RSU nucleados en los cuatro ámbitos de impacto (organizacional, educativo, cognitivo y social). Para ello se ha aplicado una metodología cualitativa, que se apoya en el uso de un software de análisis de textos así como de diagramas de araña y de frecuencia. Para ilustrar su uso y el tipo de análisis que permite, se aplica el procedimiento al caso del sistema universitario catalán, presentando los resultados a distintos niveles. El estudio finaliza con la discusión de las implicaciones, las recomendaciones y las indicaciones para futuros trabajos.
Perceptions of classroom quality and well-being among Black women teachers of young children
Authors: Edwards Erica B. , Patton Terry Nicole , Bingham Gary , Singer Jeremy L.
Published: April 2021

Concerns about preschool effectiveness have increasingly led to early childhood education policy changes focused on teacher quality. While these reforms intend to ensure children’s educational well-being, they rarely consider the impact policies have on teachers. Additionally, child care work is a feminized profession with distinct social experiences along lines of race and class. Black women who are early child care teachers live in poverty at rates disproportionate to their white counterparts. Through Black feminist focus group research, this paper documents perceptions of early childhood education quality mandates in Georgia and their impact on the well-being of 44 Black women teachers of infants, toddlers, and preschool age children. Findings suggest that the call for quality complicates Black teachers’ work, adds undue financial and emotional stress that takes a toll on their well-being, and interrupts personal dynamics with their loved ones. The paper calls for antiracist and antisexist structural support to interrupt both the stressors exacted by the field and the sociohistorical processes devaluing Black women’s work with children.
PENGENDALI PID PADA BOOST INVERTER SATU FASA DENGAN TEKNIK PENYAKELARAN SPWM BIPOLAR DAN UNIPOLAR
Authors: Kurniawan Muh Alif Deby , Hasanah Rini Nur , Subroto Ramadhani Kurniawan
Published: April 2021

Artikel ini menguraikan pengendalian dengan metode PID pada boost inverter satu fasa yang menggunakan teknik penyakelaran SPWM bipolar dan unipolar. Kinerja penggunaan kedua teknik penyakelaran dengan pengendali PID dibandingkan dengan jika tidak menggunakan pengendali PID. Metode Integral of Time Absolute Error (ITAE) diterapkan untuk mendapatkan nilai parameter pengendali PID. Penelitian dilakukan dengan metode simulasi menggunakan alat bantu perangkat lunak PSIM. Kinerja didasarkan pada nilai tegangan dan arus keluaran serta nilai total distorsi harmonisa. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penggunaan pengendali PID dapat mengurangi nilai total distorsi harmonisa pada boost inverter satu fasa. Penggunaan pengendali PID pada teknik penyakelaran SPWM bipolar menghasilkan pengurangan nilai total distorsi harmonisa hingga sebesar 72,8%, sedangkan pada teknik penyakelaran SPWM unipolar diperoleh pengurangan sebesar hingga 76,7%. Hasil simulasi juga menunjukkan bahwa besar tegangan dan arus keluaran tetap dapat dipertahankan pada nilai yang diinginkan ketika terjadi gangguan.
OBJECTIVE STRESS MEASUREMENT: STUDI KORELASI PARAMETER SALIVA AMYLASE DAN AKTIVITAS GELOMBANG OTAK MENGGUNAKAN ELECTROENCEPHALOGRAPH (EEG)
Authors: Sahroni Alvin , Setiawan Hendra , Mahananto Faizal , Zakaria Hasballah
Published: April 2021

Stres menjadi suatu permasalahan sosial yang berdampak luas, seperti ekonomi, sosial, agama, dan aspek lainnya di masyarakat. Dengan dampak tersebut, instrumen stress measurement diyakini memiliki urgensi dalam menyelesaikan permasalahan tersebut. Hingga kini, mayoritas studi pengukuran tingkat stres masih menggunakan metode personal assessment (kuesioner) yang memungkinkan terjadinya inkonsistensi dalam proses evaluasinya. Metode pengukur stres lain dengan menggunakan sampel saliva pada manusia yang diyakini mengandung hormon cortisol yang dilepaskan saat stres/manifestasinya muncul. Namun, waktu handling cukup lama dan hasil yang diperoleh tidak konsisten jika dilakukan pengukuran berulang. Penelitian ini bertujuan menginvestigasi bagian otak yang memiliki korelasi antara parameter gelombang otak menggunakan Electroencephalograph (EEG) dengan perangkat saliva amylase chip monitor sebagai salah satu upaya mengestimasi tingkat stres pada seseorang secara objektif menggunakan sampel saliva. Sepuluh orang subjek berpartisipasi dalam penelitian ini. Dengan memberikan stimulasi untuk meningkatkan tingkat stres pada seseorang menggunakan sebuah permainan komputer, respon otak menunjukkan korelasi yang kuat pada bagian frontal/otak depan terhadap hasil pengukuran saliva amylase, terutama pada aktivitas gelombang beta pada bagian F8 dengan tujuh dari sepuluh subjek memiliki nilai korelasi ≥ 0.7. Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa aktivitas gelombang otak pada bagian depan merupakan bagian terpenting untuk mengukur tingkat stres secara objektif menggunakan sinyal biologis secara real time.
OSILATOR 121,5 MHZ PADA ELT MENGGUNAKAN VCO MC1648
Authors: Sawitri Kania , Rustamaji Rustamaji , Adhari Aldi
Published: April 2021

Pada saat terjadi kecelakaan pesawat terbang di suatu tempat, dapat diketahui posisi atau lokasinya dengan menggunakan suatu alat yang diletakkan pada badan pesawat terbang tersebut, yaitu emergency locator transmitter (ELT). Pada ELT terdapat komponen osilator sebagai pembangkit sinyal pada frekuensi 121,5 MHz, dengan spesifikasi militer yang tidak tersedia di pasar bebas. Pada penelitian ini dilakukan perancangan dan realisasi voltage controlled oscillator (VCO) menggunakan MC1648 sebagai osilator pada frekuensi 121,5 MHz, serta implementasinya pada pembangkit sinyal ELT. Hasil pengukuran menunjukkan VCO sebagai osilator dapat membangkitkan sinyal keluaran berupa gelombang sinusoida dengan tegangan antara 11,60 s.d. 41,5 mVpp dan rentang frekuensi 90,88 s.d. 126,75 MHz, dimana frekuensi = 121,5 MHz dapat dibangkitkan pada tegangan DC masukan = 4,25 VDC. Rangkaian VCO sebagai osilator 121,5 MHz hasil penelitian ini, dapat diimplementasikan pada pembangkit sinyal ELT hasil penelitian sebelumnya, sehingga dapat dibangkitkan sinyal ELT pada frekuensi 121,5 MHz, berupa gelombang AM dengan indeks modulasi = 24,05%.
FUSION OF BAGGING BASED ENSEMBLE FRAMEWORK FOR EPILEPTIC SEIZURE CLASSIFICATION
Authors: Alzami Farrikh , Tamamy Aries Jehan , Pramunendar Ricardus Anggi , Arifin Zaenal
Published: April 2021

The ensemble learning approach, especially in classification, has been widely carried out and is successful in many scopes, but unfortunately not many ensemble approaches are used for the detection and classification of epilepsy in biomedical terms. Compared to using a simple bagging ensemble framework, we propose a fusion bagging-based ensemble framework (FBEF) that uses 3 weak learners in each oracle, using fusion rules, a weak learner will give results as predictors of the oracle. All oracle predictors will be included in the trust factor to get a better prediction and classification. Compared to traditional Ensemble bagging and single learner type Ensemble bagging, our framework outperforms similar research in relation to the epileptic seizure classification as 98.11±0.68 and several real-world datasets