bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
THE RUSSIAN STATE, LENIN AND THE CENTRAL ASIA
Authors: Korhzokin E. M.
Published: May 2021

Central Asian nations faced a challenge of state-building objectives after the collapse of the USSR. However, it was a complicated task, because those nations were parts of the Russian and, lately, the Soviet state. State-building objectives include the creation of new historical narrative. Central Asia is now experiencing the process that is called "national novel" in the Western European historiography. Central Asian national variants of historical narratives serve as a conceptual basis for the writing of school and university textbooks. The introduction of ideological constructs through the education system is carried out everywhere. However, it is important to note that inevitable ideological indoctrination should not undermine scientific essence of textbooks. Politics of nation formation and the preservation of its identity is implemented and fostered by states carefully as well as clumsy. There is no doubt that there is an inevitable and practical need for constructing "national novel" in the new states. But historical politics should not ignore some of the methodological and at the same time mental traps that exist in the field of studying the history of the peoples of Central Asia in the period of the Russian Empire.
NUCLEAR STRIKE AGAINST HIROSHIMA AND NAGASAKI. WARCRIME, THAT COULD BE AVOIDED
Authors: Parkhitko N. P.
Published: May 2021

The article focuses on the research of the consequences of the US nuclear bombings of Japanese cities in August 6th and 9th 1945. Military, political and psychological aspects, that were crucial for American military planning at the latest stage of the Second World War are taken into consideration. Also the problems of the new reality in the global policy of that period, which made it possible to demonstrate the military power in such a destructive way, are investigated. The author offers some logical alternatives to the real circumstances of the 6thAugust 1945, including both implementing and non-implementing of the nuclear weapons. The author also offers some new conception of the bipolarity considering the «A-bomb factor» in the international relations, which was critical since August 1945 till August 1949. The very fact of the using the most destructive and powerful weapon, developed after the Germans' capitulation but before the capitulation of Japan, corresponds with the political concept, offered by K. Clausevitz in early 19th century. The approach to the problem, advocated by the German military theorist was in details researched in the article. Using some historical and political methodology, the author criticizes the realization of this concept in August 1945th and offers some alternatives in the historical retrospective. Acknowledging, on the whole, the necessity of demonstration of the newest weapon by the United States in global political aspect, the author reveals a number of targets, which seem more optimal for this goal. Bombing of peaceful cities, which caused inadmissible civil losses, is characterized by the author as military crime.
HUMAN RIGHTS, FUNDAMENTAL FREEDOMS AND UNIVERSAL VALUES IN INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS
Authors: Voronkov L. S.
Published: May 2021

The author analyzes the evolution of human rights and fundamental freedoms in domestic political life of individual states and in international relations as well over the latest two centuries. The article traces the role of struggle for liberal political human rights and civilian freedoms in the dismantling of the feudal-absolutist regimes as well as the challenges of radical left-wing (communist) and far right-wing (national-socialistic) threats to be met by the supporters of liberal political rights and civil freedoms in the interwar period. The list of human rights and fundamental freedoms had constantly been updating in the postwar period, including by the efforts of the UNO and other international organizations, and fixing in different international documents. The author emphasizes the import role of the Conference on Security and Cooperation in Europe (CSCE) in transforming the issues of human rights and fundamental freedoms into the essential element of public diplomacy of contemporary states. He traces the process of the increasing utilization of liberal political rights and civilian freedoms, which are usually the effective tools for domestic democratic transformation, within the framework of diplomatic practice of European and North-American states, aimed at ensuring their political and economic interests on the world stage. In this regard the author addresses the attempts of Western countries to legalize "humanitarian"interventions in circumvention of the UN Security Council. The article emphasizes the necessity to replenish the understanding of universal human rights and freedoms by the values, developed both by the international community within the framework of implementing the Millennium Development Goals and by various countries and peoples, which in sum constitute the modern international civilizational baggage.
SCIENCE DIPLOMACY: FRENCH EXPERIENCE
Authors: Shestopal A. V. , Litvak N. V.
Published: May 2021

The article deals with the formulation in France in the early twenty-first century of a new kind of diplomacy - science diplomacy. It studies the reasons for this process and its problems. On the one hand, the French foreign policy doctrine presupposes an ability to exercise certain influence on its international partners. However, its goals in this area are reduced to mere survival under conditions dictated by other countries. Modern trends in the world of science, which lead to integration, force to reconsider the attitude towards staff training, to research itself, and to its place and role in politics and diplomacy. However, an achievement of the French political class is an understanding of the main aspects of what is happening. This understanding leads to the search for ways to adapt to the new situation. At the same time, diplomats can operate only with those resources that are available to them. Competition with the US, China and other countries for scientific personnel and achievements cannot be won by diplomatic means alone, without backing by appropriate legal, economic and other efforts which provide favorable conditions for winning the competition. The main causes of France's unfavorable position in the struggle for an independent science are economic and political. It is they that lead to conditions, which prohibit French scientists to live up to their potential at home.
The do’s and don’ts of supervisor behavior. Supervisor personality as predictor for subordinate’s job insecurity and citizenship behaviors
Authors: Petrisor Adriana , Maricutoiu Laurentiu , Sava Florin Alin
Published: May 2021

Supervisor behavior can be easily interpreted in a positive or negative key; therefore subordinates’ perceptions regarding their supervisor behavior can be biased by numerous personal variables. In the present study we collected data from 20 supervisors and 402 subordinates, and we investigated the relationships between these two perspectives. The supervisors completed two popular self-reported personality scales (i.e., a Big Five scale and a questionnaire that assessed psychopathic tendencies), while their subordinates responded to scales that assessed their level of job insecurity and their self-reported organizational citizenship behaviors. Our multilevel analyses indicated significant relationships between subordinates’ variables (i.e., job insecurity, organizational citizenship behaviors) and their managers’ agreeableness or their managers’ primary psychopathy. In addition, multilevel structural equation models confirmed that subordinates’ job insecurity partially mediated the relationship between supervisors’ primary psychopathy and subordinates’ citizenship behaviors. These findings confirmed the theoretical assumptions of the social learning theory, which anticipated the relationships between supervisors’ behaviors and employees’ behaviors.
Bulk composition of a zoned rare-earth minerals-bearing pegmatite in the Pikes Peak granite batholith near Wellington Lake, central Colorado, U.S.A.
Authors: Raschke Markus B. , Stern Charles R. , Anderson Evan J. D. , Alexandra Skewes M. , Lang Farmer G. , Allaz Julien M. , Persson Philip M.
Published: June 2021

A previously undescribed small lenticular (~5 × 5 × 5 m) pegmatite, located near Wellington Lake in the NW part of the 1.08 Ga ‘A-type’ (anorogenic) ferroan Pikes Peak granite batholith, ~15 km SW of the South Platte pegmatite district in central Colorado, is concentrically zoned around a mostly monomineralic quartz core with interconnected miarolitic cavities. Major constituents of the Wellington Lake pegmatite are quartz, perthitic microcline, albite (variety cleavelandite), hematite, and biotite. Accessory minerals include fluocerite, bastnäsite, columbite, zircon (var. ‘cyrtolite’), thorite, and secondary U phases. Fluorite is conspicuously absent, although it is a common phase in the South Platte district NYF-type pegmatites, which are rich in niobium (Nb), yttrium (Y), fluorine (F), and heavy rare-earth elements (HREE). Notable for the Wellington Lake pegmatite are a small quantity of well-developed tabular crystals of fluocerite that reach up to 4 cm in diameter, with sub-mm epitaxial bastnäsite overgrowths, suggesting formation from F- and CO2-bearing solutions rich in light rare-earth elements (LREE), with decreasing a(F-)/a(CO32-) during the last crystallization phase. An Nd-isotope value of εNd1.08Ga = -1.6 for the fluocerite is within the range of εNd1.08Ga = -0.2 to -2.7 of the host coarse-grained, pink K-series Pikes Peak Granite (PPG), indicating that REE and other pegmatite constituents derived from the parental PPG magma. A calculation of total pegmatite composition based on whole-rock chemistry and volume estimates of the different pegmatite zones reveals an overall composition similar to the PPG with respect to Si, Al, Na, and K. Yet the pegmatite is depleted in Fe, Mg, Ca, Ti, Mn, and P, the high-field-strength elements (HFSE; Zr, Hf, Nb, Y, Th), and, most significantly, total REE compared to the PPG. Despite containing the LREE minerals fluocerite and bastnäsite, the lack of a net overall REE enrichment of the pegmatite compared to the PPG reflects the large amount of REE-poor silicate minerals forming the wall, intermediate, and core zones of the pegmatite. The calculated total pegmatite composition suggests that the pegmatite formed by the separation from the PPG magma of an F-poor H2O-saturated silicate melt depleted in REE and HFSE compared to the F-rich melts, which formed the NYF-type HREE-rich (LaN/YbN < 1) pegmatites in the South Platte district. Homogenization temperatures of < 500°C for possibly primary fluid inclusions in large quartz crystals from the core of the Wellington Lake pegmatite are consistent with recent models of pegmatite petrogenesis leading to nucleation controlled mega-crystal growth resulting from supercooling.
Materialität und Gesellschaftstheorie
Authors: Langenohl Andreas , Schweitzer Doris
Published: May 2021

In der Soziologie ist gegenwärtig der Trend zu erkennen, auf die Dingbegriffe der objektorientierten Soziologien, der Neuen Materialismen bzw. des material und auch practical turn zurückzugreifen. Angesichts dessen wird der Frage nachgegangen, welche Implikationen es aus gesellschaftstheoretischer Sicht hat, wenn für die Analyse sozialer Phänomene auf diese neuen Dingbegriffe zurückgegriffen wird. Denn die Neuen Materialismen, die in ihrer Argumentation primär auf der sozialtheoretischen Ebene ansetzen, blenden gegenüber dem klassischen materialen bzw. dinghaften Erbe der Soziologie (etwa Durkheim, Marx) die historischen Verschränkungen von Materialität und gesellschaftlichen Verhältnissen aus. Dadurch fallen sie einen entscheidenden Schritt hinter diese klassischen, gesellschaftstheoretisch gelagerten Ansätze zurück, können sie doch in ihrem sozialtheoretischen Zuschnitt den Nexus zwischen Gesellschaftstheorie, Materialität und Gesellschaftsgeschichte nicht adäquat konzeptionalisieren. Was eine solche Einlagerung von Materialitäten in die jeweilige Gesellschaftsgeschichte bedeuten kann, wird für drei analytische Ebenen skizziert: für die historische Genese von Dingen, für die Dingwerdung des Sozialen sowie für die Materialität sozialer Praxis selbst. Gerade im letzten Punkt zeigt sich – verdeutlicht an Habermas’ Theorie des kommunikativen Handelns – dass es gerade auch für die Medientheorie von Vorteil ist, die Konstitution von Dingen (und darunter Verdinglichung als maßgebliche Variante) in ihrer doppelten, sozial- und gesellschaftstheoretischen – und daher auch geschichtlichen – Rahmung zu analysieren.
Kommunikative Affordanzen digitaler Medientechnologien. Skizze eines kommunikationstheoretischen Forschungsprogramms zur Analyse der Materialität von Medien
Authors: Bock Indra , Muhle Florian , Mayer Henning
Published: May 2021

Der Beitrag entwickelt aus kommunikationstheoretischer Perspektive einen Vorschlag für ein medien- und kommunikationssoziologisches Forschungsprogramm zur Untersuchung der Materialität digitaler Medientechnologien. Dieser zielt – anders als konkurrierende praxistheoretisch orientierte Vorschläge – darauf, weder von einer allgemeinen Materialität des Sozialen auszugehen noch jegliche Form des Mediengebrauchs zum Gegenstand der Forschung zu machen. Stattdessen geht es darum, spezifischer zu untersuchen inwiefern die Gestalt(ung) und Operationsweise von Medientechnologien strukturiert und begrenzt, was als Kommunikation möglich ist. In den Blick geraten damit die kommunikativen Affordanzen von Medientechnologien, wie sie bisher vor allem in der konversationsanalytisch orientierten Forschung untersucht werden. Die empirische Fruchtbarkeit des skizzierten Programms wird exemplarisch anhand einer Fallanalyse vorgeführt, in der die Affordanzen einer interaktiven Medientechnologie sowie ihr Einfluss auf konkrete kommunikative Formenbildungen skizziert werden. Bei der Technologie handelt es sich um einen verkörperten Agenten, der in einem Computermuseum als virtueller Museumsführer eingesetzt wird.
Rejection, Repurposing and Renewal of the Self: Bodies as Texts in the Erotic Poetries of Carlos Drummond de Andrade and Ronaldo Wilson
Authors: Faust Monica
Published: May 2021

This article presents a unique uncommon intertextual staging of two erotic poets whose writings intersect and divide at times, thematically and cross-temporally, to challenge our understanding of the erotic’s liminality. I examine the erotic poetry of Carlos Drummond de Andrade in O amor natural and Ronaldo Wilson’s Poems of the Black Object and Narrative of the Life of the Brown Boy and the White Man, to understand how the body is used to explore identity (re)construction. I show how the incorporation of the body as a source of expression in poetry can be read as transgressive, especially in these pieces.
Prosecutor's authority in the conceptual-categorical apparatus of the theory and practice of prosecutorial activity outside the criminal law sphere
Authors: Kocheva Darina Viktorovna
Published: May 2021

The subject of this research is the approaches existing in the theory and practice of prosecutorial activity towards determination of the concept of “prosecutor's authority” and its constituent definitions, their correlation with the scientific views of legal scholars upon the state-legal category of “authority”. Due to the fact that any science is based on the terminological framework, featuring units that differ in their semantic content, the research of the cognizable basic category that does not have a universal definition, neither in science nor effective legislation, as well as the contradicting legal phenomena of different legal nature (rights and obligations) at its part, substantiates the relevance of this research. The scientific novelty of lies in the author’s argumentation of similar, identical and opposite perspectives on the subject matter existing in the literature, effective legal regulation, personal experience of working in the prosecutor's office, justification of conclusion in the indicated category of “legal obligations”. The author comes to the conclusion there is no need for normative differentiation the rights and responsibilities of the prosecutor within the framework of his “general oversight” authority and optimality of the existing regulation, which authorizes the prosecutor to act at the own discretion (making decisions based on subjective opinion and assessment) in terms of the grounds  and means set by law, with consideration of private and public interests.
Language education: communicative tolerance as a component of communicative competence
Authors: Baldanova Evgeniya Anatol'evna , Dondokova Nataliya Bal'zhinimaevna
Published: May 2021

The subject of the study is language education as teaching a foreign language; the object of the study are the concepts of "competence" and "competence". The authors consider the views of foreign and domestic scientists and researchers on the content of the categories "competence" and "competence" and give their comparative analysis. Special attention is paid to the components of key competencies, namely communicative competence. Such aspects as "communicative competence" and "communicative tolerance" are analyzed. Communicative competence includes not only knowledge of languages, but also knowledge of various social roles in the team and the ability to communicate. The role of the discipline "Foreign languages" in the formation of communicative competence and communicative tolerance of students is emphasized. В  The main conclusion of the study is that communicative tolerance is a component of communicative competence. It is necessary to purposefully educate students' communicative competence, as students' communicative readiness for tolerant communication with interaction partners. When teaching students a foreign language, a communicative competence is formed, aimed at mastering the ability of students to tolerant communication. The scientific novelty of the research lies in the fact that communicative competence includes not only knowledge of languages, but also possession of various social roles in the team and the ability to communicate tolerantly. The proposed analysis will be of interest to specialists in the field of scientific research of the nature of the categories "competence" and "competence".
Discursive strategies and tactics of a romantic communicative personality in the situations of romantic communication
Authors: Zagrebelnaya Alina Sergeevna
Published: May 2021

The goal of this research consists in identification of the strategies and tactics of a romantic communicative personality in situations of romantic communication in the Russian and English linguocultures. The article reveals the content of the conceptual apparatus of research, namely the terms “romantic discourse”, “discursive strategy”, and “discursive tactics” that are directly related to the questions of verbalization of inner intentions of the parties to communication process. It is demonstrated that romantic communication in the Russian and English linguocultures is characterized by the use of certain strategies and tactics of romantic communicative personality, which are implemented on the language level in the situations of romantic communication. Their application is predetermined by particular motives that can be traced in the speech. The scientific novelty of this research consists in determination of the crucial intentional difference in realization of the motivated discursive strategies and tactics of a romantic communicative personality in the context of romantic communication in the Russian and English linguocultures, which lies in the divergence of the ethnic- cultural background. The conducted research reveals the most frequently used discursive strategies and tactics of a romantic communicative personality in the Russian and English linguocultures, which are grouped into a table in accordance with the indicated linguocultures in order to better understand the discursive strategies and tactics characteristic to each linguoculture.
Função na língua, generalização e reprodutibilidade
Authors: Freitag Raquel , Tejada Julian , Pinheiro Bruno , Cardoso Paloma
Published: June 2021

Neste texto, uma técnica para validar a intuição e sensibilidade do analista que codifica valores de uma função é apresentada. A técnica de aprendizagem de máquina por algoritmo de classificação é aplicada a dois conjuntos de dados de fenômenos polissêmicos do português brasileiro – funções dos diminutivos e do modalizador parentético epistêmico (eu) acho que – para testar se os critérios adotados por um analista são consistentes e podem ser generalizados. Os resultados apontam para a importância da análise exploratória e confirmatória na rotina de classificação, e o aprendizado de máquina permite a identificar quando as condições de um modelo não são as responsáveis pela atribuição do julgamento.
A POÉTICA DO ESPAÇO: A APROPRIAÇÃO DA CONCEPÇÃO DE ESPAÇO PELA CRIANÇA POR MEIO DA ARTE NA EDUCAÇÃO
Authors: Lima Beatriz de Oliveira , Pimenta Rosana Aparecida
Published: June 2021

O presente artigo é uma revisão de literatura e faz menção à fundamentação teórica adotada no estudo descritivo de Relato de Experiência resultante das ações do Programa de Residência Pedagógica em articulação com o Estágio Supervisionado Obrigatório da Licenciatura em Dança na Universidade Federal de Viçosa, realizado pela licencianda numa escola estadual de Viçosa, no Estado de Minas Gerais. Tendo o espaço escolar por objeto de estudo, problematizou formas de ressignificá-lo por meio da Arte enquanto Imagem Poética. Como estratégia de organização dos dados a residente registrou sistematicamente suas observações e participação em todas as etapas do processo produzindo um relatório, o qual foi analisado e discutido por ela. O estudo apontou para possíveis compreensões da percepção que os estudantes têm da escola e de sua relação com o ambiente como um todo, desde seu comportamento individual até as interações sociais, bem como dos espaços mais ocupados pelas crianças e de como são ocupados. O que possibilita apresentarmos algumas reflexões acerca do espaço escolar e perspectivas em relação à percepção dos educandos sobre o mesmo, a Poética do Espaço para pensar a consciência de si nas interações com o meio pela criança por meio da Arte. Sendo que, a residente avaliou que as ações junto aos escolares proporcionaram uma melhora nas interações entre os mesmos bem como favoreceu a apropriação da concepção de espaço e de sua utilização.
An unusual case of incomplete healing with intraosseous fibrous scar formation in the surgically enucleated site associated with a Type II dens invaginatus: A 4-year follow-up case report
Authors: Shah Ruchi , Pant Yogesh
Published: May 2021

Dens invaginatus is a developmental deformation with varying anatomical features, caused by the envelopment of the enamel organ and/or the Hertwig’s epithelial root sheath within the tooth before calcification completes, increasing the vulnerability of pulpal and periodontal inflammation, posing challenges to treatment, and adequate healing. Cell rest of Malassez, remnants of enamel organ or root sheet may cause cystic lesion formations, also hinder the normal healing process and form a fibrous scar. Intraosseous fibrous scar is a result of incomplete wound healing after periradicular surgery which mimics an asymptomatic residual cyst clinically and radiographically. We herein report a case of a surgically managed an immature maxillary lateral incisor affected with Type II dens invaginatus associated with incomplete periradicular healing presented as intraosseous fibrous scar with a persistent well-defined radiolucency between the healthy trabecular bone. The regular clinical and radiographic follow-up records the asymptomatic endodontically treated dens invaginatus with an intact lamina dura and regular healing trabecular bone pattern. Its 4 years of post-operative evaluation has been presented. Features of this case, causes of such incomplete healing, diagnosis, treatment line, prognosis, and the dilemma of the clinician are discussed together with its probable implications.
Long-term prognosis and predictors of outcomes after childhood convulsive status epilepticus
Authors: Surana Snehal , Pujar Suresh
Published: June 2021

Objective:

Childhood convulsive status epilepticus (CSE) is widely known to be associated with short-term and long-term mortality and morbidity, but the role of CSE itself on adverse outcomes is debatable. The additional effect of CSE characteristics on outcomes after CSE and whether prolonged seizures cause any long-term hippocampal injury which leads to developmental or memory impairment is uncertain. This review provides an overview of long-term prognosis after childhood CSE, highlighting data from recent literature.

Findings:

In previously normal children, the long-term prognosis after childhood CSE is favorable, with low incidence of epilepsy, motor, and cognitive difficulties. Mesial temporal sclerosis is uncommon in children after prolonged febrile seizures. In children with symptomatic causes and those with pre-existing neurological abnormalities, there is substantial morbidity after childhood CSE. Etiology is the primary determinant of outcome after childhood CSE and the additional effect of CSE characteristics such as seizure duration seems to be less than previously believed.
Politique commerciale extérieure : quel rôle pour les assemblées parlementaires ? Le cas des États-Unis et de l’Union Européenne
Authors: Bricart Vincent
Published: May 2021

Depuis le début des années 2010, une série de nouveaux accords ou de processus de négociations commerciaux entre de grands blocs géographiques ont émergé dans le monde. L’Union Européenne (UE) et les États-Unis ont à ce titre joué un rôle de premier plan dans ces initiatives et dans leurs proliférations. Face à l’impact grandissant de la globalisation sur le quotidien des citoyens, les assemblées législatives tendent à s’impliquer progressivement dans ces processus diplomatiques et à gagner en importance et en visibilité dans leur fonction vis-à-vis de ces accords. Si bien qu’aujourd’hui, toute personne s’intéressant de près ou de loin à l’étude des accords commerciaux ne peut plus ignorer le rôle qu’y jouent les parlements des États impliqués dans ces processus. Les négociations du Partenariat Transatlantique de Commerce et d’Investissement (TTIP), de l’Accord Économique et Commercial Global (CETA) et de l’Accord de Partenariat Transpacifique (TPP) représentent ainsi de bons indicateurs du rôle, des atouts et des limites que les interventions d’un parlement dans un processus de négociation peuvent rencontrer en fonction du contexte politique ou institutionnel et de l’appui de l’opinion publique. Le Parlement européen et le Congrès américain constituent respectivement des assemblées législatives relativement puissantes, représentant un nombre de citoyens conséquent et ayant d’importantes prérogatives constitutionnelles ou institutionnelles en matière commerciale, mais évoluant dans des cadres significativement différents. Via leurs outils institutionnels et à travers des pressions formelles et informelles de la part de ces deux pouvoirs législatifs, les exécutifs se retrouvent souvent contraints de prendre en compte certaines revendications des parlementaires faisant voix aux revendications d’une partie de la société civile. À défaut, le risque de voir une négociation échouer faute de ratification de l’accord par le pouvoir législatif est important. Néanmoins, l’influence du pouvoir législatif n’est pas la même pour chaque négociation et le contexte de celle-ci va dès lors jouer un rôle important pour en déterminer l’amplitude et la visibilité d’une assemblée dans ces différents processus.
« Tintin au Congo » devant les prétoires : Que peut signifier l’interdiction d’un héros de bande-dessinée belge ?
Authors: Vespa Vincent
Published: May 2021

La bande dessinée « Tintin au Congo » a soulevé ces derniers temps de nombreuses critiques. Éditée en 1931 et rééditée en 1946, certains passages subissent aujourd’hui le courroux de personnes jugeant l’ouvrage raciste et xénophobe. Dès lors, on peut s’interroger sur les significations d’une interdiction de cette bande-dessinée en Belgique ? Tel est l’objectif du présent article. Après avoir précisé les faits ayant remis l’ouvrage au cœur de l’actualité belge et internationale, les enjeux politiques d’une telle interdiction sont exposés. La liberté d’expression, la concurrence mémorielle – et son pendant, l’oubli –, ainsi que la reconnaissance des torts commis au « Congo Belge » sont successivement passés en revue. Ensuite, trois enjeux mémoriels liés à cette interdiction sont présentés : la négation de la représentation coloniale, la position du gouvernement congolais et les effets d’une jurisprudence interdisant une telle bande-dessinée. Enfin, en précisant l’époque à laquelle a été conçu « Tintin au Congo », la conclusion revient sur les idées paternalistes des années 1930 tout en insistant sur l’intérêt d’un tel ouvrage, reflétant un imaginaire colonial et pouvant constituer un outil pédagogique pour les jeunes générations.
Public Administration and Brazilian Coastal Management: Reformism and Late Modernity
Authors: Costa Julliet C. , Asmus Milton L. , Sales Sales
Published: June 2021

The complexity and dynamics of changes in public administration structures and their management mechanisms can be causes of turbulence and increased uncertainty in the different fields of government action. This article seeks to analyze the possible effects of these institutional movements on plans and structures aimed at Brazilian coastal management, seen as an integral part of the public policies established for planning and management in this field. The methodological approach developed is descriptive and interpretive, with qualitative data that try to characterize the National Coastal Management Program (GERCO) from the stages of a public policy cycle, observing the presence (or absence) of elements of each model of administration in its development. The result of the analysis concludes that GERCO was conceived and implemented in a context of hybridism of bureaucratic, managerial, and societal administration models. Furthermore, this hybridism can be recognized in different ways when we look at each stage of the political cycle. Elements of bureaucratic administration became evident mainly in the elaboration of the program (PNGC I), and through hierarchies in the organization of competences for coordination and the constitution of technical instruments without the participation of social actors, other than specialized non-technicians. The management model is present in all stages of the cycle, from the perception of the problem to the implementation phase of the policy and its instruments. A strong hybrid between the managerial and the societal model stands out, right after the regulation of PNGC II, with the incorporation of the need to improve the quality of management with more participation and action by civil society actors. The cycle assists in the systematization of information about the GERCO structure and shows a weakness in the steps of enforcing in practice the instruments that aim to ensure the planning and conservation of coastal spaces. It is believed that this study contributes to the understanding of the relationship between coastal management and the Public Administration that holds it and determines its directions. It is in the intricacies of the PA, with its potentialities and anachronisms, that the conditions (favorable or not) for the development of the cycles of this public policy (PP) are established, which overlap in spasmodic movements, benefitting more planning stages than the implementation of instruments. and processes related to coastal zone management. Keywords: Coastal management, Public administration models, Public policy cycle, National Coastal Management Program, Brazilian public administration.
Steric effects vs. electron delocalization: a new look into stability of diastereomers, conformers and constitutional Isomers
Authors: Datta Sopanant , Limpanuparb Taweetham
Published: May 2021

A quantum chemical investigation of the stability of compounds with identical formulas was carried out on 23 classes of compounds made of C, N, P, O, S atoms as core structures and halogens H, F, Cl, Br, I as substituents. All possible structures were generated and investigated by quantum mechanical methods. The prevalence of a formula in which its Z configuration, gauche conformation or meta isomer is the most stable form is calculated and discussed. Quantitative and qualitative models to explain the stability of 23 classes of halogenated compounds were also proposed.
Characterization of the Permeation Properties of Membrane Filters and Sorption Properties of Sorbents Used for Polar Organic Chemical Integrative Samplers
Authors: Noro Kazushi , Yabuki Yoshinori , Banno Arisa , Ono Junko , Nakamura Satoshi
Published: May 2021

Polar organic chemical integrative samplers (POCIS) are promising devices for measuring time-weighted average concentrations of hydrophilic compounds in aquatic environments. However, the mechanism of POCIS uptake remains unclear. This study characterizes the permeation properties of polyethersulfone and polytetrafluoroethylene and the sorption properties of Oasis HLB (Waters), Envi-Carb (Supelco), and Oasis WAX (Waters) under identical conditions via calibration experiments of the POCIS. Plant protection products, neonicotinoid herbicides, and linear alkyl benzene sulfonates (LAS) were tested. The permeation experimental results suggested that the penetration rate constants (km) with high Kow values (Kow: octanol–water partition coefficient) were low, which indicated that the sorption of chemicals on the membrane may constitute a limiting factor for the permeation. The sorption experiments indicated that the sorption rate constants (ks) depended on the type of sorbent instead of the Kow values. Low ks/km ratios were obtained for chemicals with low Kow values, which implied that the POCIS uptake for highly hydrophilic compounds was controlled by both membrane and sorbent kinetics. The km and ks values corresponded to the model and predicted the values of the sampling rates (Rs) for the LAS. These findings revealed the possibility of using ks and km values to predict Rs values.
Mode-Selective Vibrational Energy Transfer Dynamics in 1,3,5-Trinitroperhydro-1,3,5-Triazine (RDX) Thin Films
Authors: Cole-Filipiak Neil , Knepper Robert , Wood Mitchell A. , Ramasesha Krupa
Published: May 2021

Herein, we report on the sub-picosecond to sub-nanosecond vibrational energy transfer (VET) dynamics of the solid energetic material 1,3,5-trinitroperhydro-1,3,5-triazine (RDX) using broadband, ultrafast infrared transient absorption spectroscopy. Experiments reveal VET occurring on three distinct timescales: sub-picosecond, 5 ps, and 200 ps. The ultrafast appearance of signal at all probed modes in the mid-infrared suggests strong anharmonic coupling of all vibrations in the solid whereas the long-lived evolution demonstrates that VET is incomplete, and thus thermal equilibrium is not attained, even on the hundred picosecond timescale. Mode-selectivity of the longest dynamics suggests coupling of the N–N and axial NO2 stretching modes with the long-lived, excited phonon bath.
Towards the Understanding of Water-in-Salt Electrolytes: Individual Ion Activities and Liquid Junction Potentials in Highly Concentrated Aqueous Solutions
Authors: Degoulange Damien , Dubouis Nicolas , Grimaud Alexis
Published: May 2021

Highly concentrated electrolytes were recently proposed to improve the performances of aqueous electrochemical systems by delaying the water splitting and increasing the operating voltage for battery applications. While advances were made regarding their implementation in practical devices, debate exists regarding the physical origin for the delayed water reduction occurring at the electrode/electrolyte interface. Evidently, one difficulty resides in our lack of knowledge regarding ions activity arising from this novel class of electrolyte, it being necessary to estimate the Nernst potential of associated redox reactions such as Li+ intercalation or the hydrogen evolution reaction. In this work, we first measured the potential shift of electrodes selective to either Li+, H+ or Zn2+ ions from diluted to highly concentrated regimes in LiCl or LiTFSI solutions. Observing similar shifts for these different cations and environments, we establish that shifts in redox potentials from diluted to highly concentrated regime originates in large from an increase junction potential, it being dependent on the ions activity coefficients that increase with concentration. While our study shows that single ion activity coefficients, unlike mean ion activity coefficients, cannot be captured by any electrochemical means, we demonstrate that protons concentration increases by approximatively two orders of magnitude from 1 mol.kg-1 to 15-20 mol.kg-1 solutions. Combined with the increased activity coefficients, this increases the activity of protons and thus the pH of highly concentrated solutions which appears acidic.
Twofold C-H Activation-Based Enantio- and Diastereoselective C-H Arylation Using Diarylacetylenes as Rare Arylating Reagents
Authors: Hu Panjie , Kong Lingheng , Wang Fen , Zhu Xiaolin , Li Xingwei
Published: May 2021

C-H bond activation has been established as an attractive strategy to access axially chiral biaryls, and the most straightforward method is direct C-H arylation of arenes. However, the arylating source has been limited to several classes of reactive and bulky reagents. Reported herein is rhodium-catalyzed 1:2 coupling of diarylphosphinic amides and diarylacetylenes for enantio- and diastereoselective construction of biaryls with both central and axial chirality. This twofold C-H activation reaction stays contrast to the previously explored Miura-Satoh type 1:2 coupling of arenes and alkynes in terms of chemoselectivity and proceeded under mild conditions with the alkyne acting as a rare arylating reagent. Both C-H activation events are stereo-determining and are under catalyst control, with the 2nd C-H activation being diastereo-determining in a remote fashion. Analysis of the stereochemistries of the major and side products suggests moderated enantioselectivity of the initial C-H activation-desymmetrization process. However, the minor stereoisomeric (R) intermediate is consumed more readily in undesired protonolysis, eventually resulting in high enantio- and diastereoselectivity of the major product.
The Control of pH and Ionic Strength Gradients on the Interaction of Low-Molecular-Weight Organic Acids and Siderophores
Authors: Northover George , Mao Yiru , Hanif MD , Blasco Salvador , Vilar Ramon , Garcia-España Enrique , Weiss Dominik
Published: June 2021

A wide range of organic ligands are found in the rhizosphere. Two important groups are low-molecular-weight organic acids (LMWOAs) and siderophores. We know that LMWOAs and siderophores coexist in the rhizosphere and it has been proposed that they interact, but it is not clear what controls this. Such knowledge gaps undermine biofortification efforts. In this study test the hypothesis that pH and ionic strength gradients make it possible for LMWOAs and siderophores to function synergistically during micronutrient cycling in the rhizosphere.
Coarse-Grained Molecular Dynamics Simulations of Nanoplastics Interacting with a Hydrophobic Environment in Aqueous Solution
Authors: Dettmann Lorenz , Kühn Oliver , Ahmed Ashour A. , Kuehn Oliver
Published: June 2021

Nanoplastics (NPs) are emerging threats for marine and terrestrial ecosystems, but little is known about their fate in the environment at the molecular scale. In this work, coarse-grained molecular dynamics simulations were performed to investigate nature and strength of the interaction between NPs and hydrophobic environments. Specifically, NPs were simulated with different hydrophobic and hydrophilic polymers while carbon nanotubes (CNTs) were used to mimic surface and confinement effects of hydrophobic building blocks occurring in a soil environment. The hydrophobicity of CNTs was modified by introducing different hydrophobic and hydrophilic functional groups at their inner surfaces. The results show that hydrophobic polymers have a strong affinity to adsorb at the outer surface and to be captured inside the CNT. The accumulation within the CNT is even increased in presence of hydrophobic functional groups. This contribution is a first step towards a mechanistic understanding of a variety of processes connected to interaction of nanoscale material with environmental systems. Regarding the fate of NPs in soil, the results point to the critical role of the hydrophobicity of NPs and soil organic matter (SOM) as well as of the chemical nature of functionalized SOM cavities/voids in controlling the accumulation of NPs in soil. Moreover, the results can be related to water treatment technologies as it is shown that the hydrophobicity of CNTs and functionalization of their surfaces may play a crucial role in enhancing the adsorption capacity of CNTs with respect to organic compounds and thus their removal efficiency from wastewater.
Clarification of the taxonomic identity, typification and nomenclature of Impatiens benthamii (Balsaminaceae)
Authors: Gogoi R. , Tham B.B.T. , Sherpa N. , Dihingia J. , Borah S.
Published: May 2021

Impatiens benthamii Steenis (Balsaminaceae) is re-collected from the type locality, Khasi Hills, Meghalaya, India, almost 60 years since it was last collected. The history and nomenclatural complexity of this little-known endemic species is discussed. A clarification of the distributional range of the species is given due to previous erroneous reports. To facilitate its proper identification, a detailed description based on live materials and colour photographs is provided. The characters of Impatiens benthamii are compared to those of closely related species. A lectotype is designated.
EDAD Y MINERALIZACIÓN DE CANINOS INFERIORES EN PACIENTES PEDIÁTRICOS
Authors: Flores Correa Marlita Yuliana , Coronel Zubiate Franz Tito , Chávez Milla Julio Mariano
Published: June 2021

Objetivo: Establecer la relación entre edad y mineralización de caninos inferiores según Demirjian, en pacientes pediátricos de la clínica estomatológica, Universidad Nacional Toribio Rodríguez de Mendoza, Chachapoyas – 2019. Material y métodos: La muestra la conformaron 29 placas radiográficas panorámicas de niños atendidos en la clínica estomatológica. La investigación fue cuantitativa, relacional, observacional, retrospectivo y transversal. Una ficha de recopilación de información se utilizó de instrumento y se aplicó chi-cuadrado con una significancia del 5%, analizando lo obtenido en el paquete SPSS. Resultados: Se encontró relación entre la variable edad y la variable mineralización de caninos inferiores en la muestra de placas radiográficas de niños de 6 a 15 años que fueron atendidos en la clínica estomatológica. Conclusión: se demuestra con contundencia la existencia de relación mineralización tanto con la edad dental y como con el sexo.
MUCOCELE DEL PALADAR DURO EN PACIENTES PEDIÁTRICO: REPORTE DE CASO
Authors: Garcia Iza Carmen
Published: June 2021

Este reporte de caso indica que el quiste de retención de moco del paladar duro puede resultar de la obstrucción de los conductos de las glándulas salivales menores y se definió como un mucocele. Aunque la enfermedad no es común en el paladar duro, muchos autores la han descrito previamente en el paladar blando. Reporte de caso: Se presento un paciente pediátrico que tenía lesiones quísticas en el paladar duro, este caso se llevó a cabo en el Hospital Belén Lambayeque. La edad del paciente fue de 2 años, con iniciales de I.A.R la cual para la intervención del niño se hizo firmar un consentimiento informado de los padres. El presente se manejó con una disección aguda meticulosa con cuidado para evitar la ruptura del mucocele. Conclusiones: Se evidencio un resultado favorable en la cicatrización ya que fue completa en la cual las heridas se lograron en 2-3 semanas.
Reliability and Validity of the Functional Movement Screen™ with a Modified Scoring System for Young Adults with Low Back Pain
Authors: Alkhathami Khalid , Alshehre Yousef , Wang-Price Sharon , Brizzolara Kelli
Published: June 2021

Background

Low back pain (LBP) is one of the most common complaints in individuals who seek medical care and is a leading cause of movement impairments. The Functional Movement Screen (FMS™) was developed to evaluate neuromuscular impairments during movement. However, the reliability and validity of the FMS™ have not yet been established for the LBP population because of a limitation of its original scoring system.

Purpose

The purposes of this study were to determine the reliability and validity of the FMS™ with a modified scoring system in young adults with and without LBP. The FMS™ scores were modified by assigning a zero score only when there was an increase in LBP during the FMS™, not simply for the presence of pain, as in the original FMS™ scoring system.

Study Design

Reliability and validity study.

Methods

Twenty-two participants with LBP (8 males and 14 females, 26.7 ± 4.68 years old) and 22 age- and gender-matched participants without LBP (26.64 ± 4.20 years old) completed the study. Each participant performed the FMS™ once while being scored simultaneously and independently by two investigators. In addition, each participant’s FMS™ performance was video-recorded and then was scored by another two investigators separately. The video-recorded performance also was scored twice six weeks apart by the same investigator to determine intra-rater reliability.

Results

The results showed excellent inter-rater and intra-rater reliability of the FMS™ composite score with intraclass correlation coefficients ranging from 0.93 to 0.99 for both groups. In addition, the LBP group scored significantly lower than the group without LBP (p = 0.008).

Conclusions

The results indicate that the FMS™ is able to distinguish between individuals with and without LBP, and that it could be a useful test for clinicians to quantify movement quality and to assess movement restrictions in individuals with LBP.

Levels of Evidence

2b.
A Targeted Approach to Evaluating the Golfing Athlete with Low Back Pain: A Resident’s Case Report
Authors: Deckard Luke
Published: June 2021

Background and Purpose

Low back pain is one of the most common conditions occurring in the golfing population. Many approaches have been utilized throughout the years to address this condition including the concept of regional interdependence. The purpose of this case report is to describe the evaluation process and treatment approach of a golfer with low back pain using the principles of regional interdependence.

Case Description

A thirty-year-old male with right-sided low back pain was evaluated using a comprehensive approach including golf specific movement screening and a swing evaluation. The patient had mobility restrictions in his thoracic spine and hips that appeared to be contributing to a hypermobility in the lower lumbar spine. Based on the evaluation, he was placed into the treatment-based classification (TBC) of stabilization but would also benefit from mobilization/manipulation techniques.

Outcomes

After seven visits over a four-week span, the patient’s mobility and core stability both improved and he was able to play golf and workout pain free. His outcome measures also improved, including the revised Oswestry Disability index from 26% disabled to 10%, the Fear Avoidance Behavior Questionnaire (FABQ) Work from 10/42 to 3/42, and the FABQ Physical Activity from 19/24 to 6/24.

Discussion

Evaluating and developing a plan of care to address low back pain in an avid golfer can be challenging as a variety of demands are placed on the spine during the movement. This case report describes the evaluation process and treatment approach to specifically target the demands that are required during the golf swing. Utilizing a targeted approach that includes golf specific movement screening and a swing evaluation can help guide the therapist in their treatment and improve the patient’s outcome.

Level of Evidence

Level 4