bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Short Communication: A small-scale coprological survey of the endoparasites in the Himalayan goral Naemorhedus goral (Hardwick, 1825) in Nepal
Authors: Adhikari Jagan Nath , Adhikari Roshan Babu , Bhattarai Bishnu Prasad , Thapa Tej Bahadur , Ghimire Tirth Raj
Published: February 2021

Abstract. Adhikari JN, Adhikari RB, Bhattarai BP, Thapa TB, Ghimire TR. 2021. Short Communication: A small-scale coprological survey of the endoparasites in the Himalayan goral Naemorhedus goral (Hardwick, 1825) in Nepal. Biodiversitas 22: 1285-1290. This study was carried out to detect the various endoparasites in the fecal samples of the Himalayan goral Naemorhedus goral (Hardwicke, 1825) from a forest patch of Rumsi area, the Seti River basin, Tanahun district, Nepal. Importantly, 17 fecal samples (89.5%) were positive for different parasites. Their positive rates showed the following orders as Strongyle (73.7%), Entamoeba sp. (52.6%), Strongyloides sp. (52.6%), Cryptosporidium sp. (26.3%), Cyclospora sp. (26.3%), Eimeria sp. (10.5%), Mullerius capillaris (10.5%), and Blastocystis sp. (5.3%). These results showed the prevalence status of the endoparasites in the Himalayan goral. This study provides general knowledge about the parasitic community using a non-invasive method. This is the first work in Himalayan goral of Nepal, hence intensive study to the other parts of Nepal is recommended.
Short Communication: Prediction of body weight based on body measurements in female Saburai goat
Authors: DAKHLAN AKHMAD , HAMDANI MUHAMMAD DIMA IQBAL , PUTRI DELSI RUSITAIMI , SULASTRI SULASTRI , QISTHON ARIF
Published: February 2021

Abstract. Dakhlan A, Hamdani MDI, Putri DR, Sulastri, Qisthon A. 2021. Short Communication: Prediction of body weight based on body measurements in female Saburai goats. Biodiversitas 22: 1391-1396. Saburai goat is a new composite breed in Lampung Province with little information on its performance. This research aimed to predict body weight based on body measurements, namely body length (BL), chest girth (CG), and shoulder height (SH) in female Saburai goats. This study used 42 female Saburai goats aged 3-4 years. The method used in this study was a survey, namely all-female Saburai goats aged 3-4 years were used for this research. The data obtained were analyzed using correlation and simple and multiple linear regression analysis using R program. Coefficient determination (R2), adjusted R2, residual standard error (RSE), Akaike information criterion (AIC), Bayesian information criterion (BIC), and stepwise regression analysis were used to find the best and most parsimonious regression model to predict BW based on body measurements. The results showed that BL, CG, and SH were positively and significantly correlated with BW of female Saburai goats with correlation coefficients of 0.858, 0.956 and 0.862, respectively. Chest girth was the best predictor for BW if using single predictor with regression equation of Ŷ = -31.17 + 0.93X2. However, combination of BL and CG was the best and most parsimonious regression model in predicting BW of female Saburai goat with regression equation of Ŷ = -36.09 + 0.31X1 + 0.72X2 with R2 = 0.941, adjusted R2 = 0.938, RSE = 2.842, AIC = 216.73 and BIC = 223.78. In conclusion, all body measurements in this study (particularly combination of BL and CG) could be used as predictor for BW with high accuracy of prediction. The result of this study suggested that CG and BL could be as indirect criteria to improve BW of female Saburai goats.
Multi-objective adaptive source optimization for full chip
Authors: Liao Guanghui , Sun Yiyu , Wei Pengzhi , Yuan Miao , Li Zhaoxuan , Li Yanqiu
Published: February 2021

Source optimization (SO) is an extensively used resolution enhancement technique in optical lithography. To improve computational efficiency, compressive sensing (CS) theory was applied to SO for clip-level applications in previous works. We propose, for the first time to our knowledge, a multi-objective adaptive SO (adaptive-MOSO) with CS for full chip. The fast optimization of a pixel illumination source pattern is achieved, and the imaging fidelity of each clip is guaranteed simultaneously at full chip. Fast CS with contour sampling is applied to accelerate the SO procedure by sampling all layout patterns. Novel cost function with adaptive weight distribution for every single clip is established to guarantee the lithography imaging fidelity for full chip. The simulation results prove that the adaptive-MOSO method improves the efficiency of SO and the lithography performance for large-scale chips.
Validity of the product rule and its impact on the accuracy of a Mueller matrix polarimeter
Authors: Chironi Emanuel , Iemmi Claudio
Published: February 2021

In this work, we analyze the validity of the product rule and its impact on the accuracy of a Mueller matrix polarimeter. We demonstrate that the validity of the rule is essential to perform accurate measurements. The conditions for this rule to be valid in relation to different depolarization mechanisms are also discussed. The theoretical predictions are then experimentally verified by analyzing appropriately selected samples. Finally, we implement a real Mueller matrix polarimeter to show how its accuracy decreases when the product rule is not valid.
Si photonic-electronic monolithically integrated optical receiver with a built-in temperature-controlled wavelength filter
Authors: Kim Hyun-Kyu , Kim Minkyu , Kim Min-hyeong , Jo Youngkwan , Lischke Stefan , Mai Christian , Zimmermann Lars , Choi Woo-Young
Published: February 2021

We present a Si photonic-electronic integrated ring-resonator based optical receiver that contains a temperature-controlled ring-resonator filter (RRF), a Ge photodetector, and receiver circuits in a single chip. The temperature controller automatically determines the RRF temperature at which the maximum transmission of the desired WDM signal is achieved and maintains this condition against any temperature or input wavelength fluctuation. This Si photonic-electronic integrated circuit is realized with 0.25-µm photonic BiCMOS technology, and its operation is successfully confirmed with measurement.
Effect size, sample size and power of forced swim test assays in mice: Guidelines for investigators to optimize reproducibility
Authors: Smalheiser Neil R. , Graetz Elena E. , Yu Zhou , Wang Jing
Published: February 2021

A recent flood of publications has documented serious problems in scientific reproducibility, power, and reporting of biomedical articles, yet scientists persist in their usual practices. Why? We examined a popular and important preclinical assay, the Forced Swim Test (FST) in mice used to test putative antidepressants. Whether the mice were assayed in a naïve state vs. in a model of depression or stress, and whether the mice were given test agents vs. known antidepressants regarded as positive controls, the mean effect sizes seen in the experiments were indeed extremely large (1.5–2.5 in Cohen’s d units); most of the experiments utilized 7–10 animals per group which did have adequate power to reliably detect effects of this magnitude. We propose that this may at least partially explain why investigators using the FST do not perceive intuitively that their experimental designs fall short—even though proper prospective design would require ~21–26 animals per group to detect, at a minimum, large effects (0.8 in Cohen’s d units) when the true effect of a test agent is unknown. Our data provide explicit parameters and guidance for investigators seeking to carry out prospective power estimation for the FST. More generally, altering the real-life behavior of scientists in planning their experiments may require developing educational tools that allow them to actively visualize the inter-relationships among effect size, sample size, statistical power, and replicability in a direct and intuitive manner.
Yellowfin tuna (Thunnus albacares) foraging habitat and trophic position in the Gulf of Mexico based on intrinsic isotope tracers
Authors: Le-Alvarado Meliza , Romo-Curiel Alfonsina E. , Sosa-Nishizaki Oscar , Hernández-Sánchez Oscar , Barbero Leticia , Herzka Sharon Z.
Published: February 2021

Yellowfin tuna (YFT, Thunnus albacares) is a commercially important species targeted by fisheries in the Gulf of Mexico (GM). Previous studies suggest a high degree of residency in the northern GM, although part of the population performs movements to southern Mexican waters. Whether YFT caught in southern waters also exhibit residency or migrate to the northern gulf is currently uncertain, and little is known regarding their trophic ecology. The isotopic composition (bulk & amino acids) of YFT muscle and liver tissues were compared to a zooplankton-based synoptic isoscape from the entire GM to infer feeding areas and estimate Trophic Position (TP). The spatial distribution of δ15Nbulk and δ15NPhe values of zooplankton indicated two distinct isotopic baselines: one with higher values in the northern GM likely driven by denitrification over the continental shelf, and another in the central-southern gulf, where nitrogen fixation predominates. Based on the contribution of the two regional isotopic baselines to YFT tissues, broad feeding areas were inferred, with a greater contribution of the northern GM (over a one-year time scale by muscle), and to a lesser extent in the central-southern GM (over the ca. 6-month scale by liver). This was corroborated by similarities in δ15NPhe values between YFT and the northern GM. TP estimates were calculated based on stable isotope analysis of bulk (SIA) and compound-specific isotope analysis (CSIA-AA) of the canonical source and trophic amino acids. Mean TP based on SIA was 4.9 ± 1.0 and mean TP based on CSIA-A was 3.9 ± 0.2. YFT caught within the Mexican region seem to feed in northern and in central and southern GM, while feeding in the northern GM has a temporal component. Thus, management strategies need to consider that YFT caught in US and Mexican waters are a shared binational resource that exhibit feeding migrations within the GM.
Antioxidant activity and laxative effects of tannin-enriched extract of Ecklonia cava in loperamide-induced constipation of SD rats
Authors: Kim Ji Eun , Choi Yun Ju , Lee Su Jin , Gong Jeong Eun , Lee Young Ju , Sung Ji Eun , Jung Young Suk , Lee Hee Seob , Hong Jin Tae , Hwang Dae Youn
Published: February 2021

To investigate the role of tannin-enriched extracts ofEcklonia cava(TEE) on the regulation of oxidative balance and laxative activity in chronic constipation, we investigated alterations after exposure to TEE, on constipation phenotypes, muscarinic cholinergic regulation, and oxidative stress responses in the transverse colons of SD rats with loperamide (Lop)-induced constipation. This extract contains high levels of total condensed tannin content (326.5 mg/g), and exhibited high inhibitory activity against 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radicals. TEE treatment induced significant improvements in reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, superoxide dismutase (SOD) expression and nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) phosphorylation in primary smooth muscles of rat intestine cells (pRISMCs) and transverse colon of constipation model. Also, Lop+TEE treated groups showed alleviated outcomes for the following: most stool parameters, gastrointestinal transit, and intestine length were remarkably recovered; a similar recovery pattern was observed in the histopathological structure, mucin secretion, water channel expression and gastrointestinal hormones secretion in the transverse colon; expressions of muscarinic acetylcholine receptors M2/M3 (mAChR M2/M3) and their mediators on muscarinic cholinergic regulation were significantly recovered. Taken together, these results provide the first evidence that TEE stimulates oxidative stress modulation and muscarinic cholinergic regulation when exerting its laxative effects in chronic constipation models.
Uniting against a common enemy: Perceived outgroup threat elicits ingroup cohesion in chimpanzees
Authors: Brooks James , Onishi Ena , Clark Isabelle R. , Bohn Manuel , Yamamoto Shinya
Published: February 2021

Outgroup threat has been identified as an important driver of ingroup cohesion in humans, but the evolutionary origin of such a relationship is unclear. Chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes) in the wild are notably aggressive towards outgroup members but coordinate complex behaviors with many individuals in group hunting and border patrols. One hypothesis claims that these behaviors evolve alongside one another, where outgroup threat selects for ingroup cohesion and group coordination. To test this hypothesis, 5 groups of chimpanzees (N = 29 individuals) were observed after hearing either pant-hoots of unfamiliar wild chimpanzees or control crow vocalizations both in their typical daily environment and in a context of induced feeding competition. We observed a behavioral pattern that was consistent both with increased stress and vigilance (self-directed behaviors increased, play decreased, rest decreased) and increased ingroup cohesion (interindividual proximity decreased, aggression over food decreased, and play during feeding competition increased). These results support the hypothesis that outgroup threat elicits ingroup tolerance in chimpanzees. This suggests that in chimpanzees, like humans, competition between groups fosters group cohesion.
Competitive exclusion during co-infection as a strategy to prevent the spread of a virus: A computational perspective
Authors: Vafadar Safar , Shahdoust Maryam , Kalirad Ata , Zakeri Pooya , Sadeghi Mehdi
Published: February 2021

Inspired by the competition exclusion principle, this work aims at providing a computational framework to explore the theoretical feasibility of viral co-infection as a possible strategy to reduce the spread of a fatal strain in a population. We propose a stochastic-based model—called Co-Wish—to understand how competition between two viruses over a shared niche can affect the spread of each virus in infected tissue. To demonstrate the co-infection of two viruses, we first simulate the characteristics of two virus growth processes separately. Then, we examine their interactions until one can dominate the other. We use Co-Wish to explore how the model varies as the parameters of each virus growth process change when two viruses infect the host simultaneously. We will also investigate the effect of the delayed initiation of each infection. Moreover, Co-Wish not only examines the co-infection at the cell level but also includes the innate immune response during viral infection. The results highlight that the waiting times in the five stages of the viral infection of a cell in the model—namely attachment, penetration, eclipse, replication, and release—play an essential role in the competition between the two viruses. While it could prove challenging to fully understand the therapeutic potentials of viral co-infection, we discuss that our theoretical framework hints at an intriguing research direction in applying co-infection dynamics in controlling any viral outbreak’s speed.
Osteopathy students profile in Italy: A cross sectional census
Authors: Consorti Giacomo , Bagagiolo Donatella , Buscemi Andrea , Cicchitti Luca , Persiani Michela , Bergna Andrea ,   on behalf of OSA Group
Published: February 2021

Introduction

The Osteopathy Students Analysis (OSA) aims to profile osteopathy students in Italy as a target population in terms of sociodemographic characteristics, geographical distribution, health status, and previous and ongoing education specifications.

Materials and methods

The OSA used a cross-sectional design. A Web-based survey was distributed to the Italian Osteopathic Education Institutions (OEIs). The OSA survey was composed of items organised into four sections: 1. Sociodemographic characteristics (11 items); 2. Geographical distribution (5 items); 3. Health status (3 items); 4. Previous and ongoing education specifications (16 items). A descriptive sample population analysis was performed. Dichotomous and categorical variables were presented as frequencies and percentages, and continuous variables were displayed as means and standard deviations. Some variables were analysed using a pentenary distribution.

Results

49 out of the 61 OEIs identified matched the inclusion criteria, and among these, 22 accepted to propose the enrolment of their students into the study. The survey was administered to 4,720 students from all the participant OEIs. A total of 3,762 students responded to the survey, accounting for an estimated response rate of 53.7%. The majority of respondents were men (54%), with an average age of 26.9 ± 6.5 years. Almost the totality of the sample was composed of the European ethnic group (99.1%). Respondents were predominantly born in Italy (97.2%). The majority of the sample reported being in good (49.5%) to excellent (38.6%) health. To date, osteopathy students are almost evenly distributed between the two types of curricula (T1 = 46.6%; T2 = 53.4%).

Conclusions

The OSA is the first study that aims to profile Italian osteopathy students as a target population in terms of sociodemographic characteristics, geographical distribution, health status, and previous and ongoing education specifications. Future studies should focus on investigating the correlation between the sociodemographic characteristics of students and their academic performance.
Co-expression of fibroblast growth factor receptor 3 with mutant p53, and its association with worse outcome in oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Nannapaneni Sreenivas , Griffith Christopher C. , Magliocca Kelly R. , Chen Wanqi , Lyu Xueying , Chen Zhengjia , Wang Dongsheng , Wang Xu , Shin Dong M. , Chen Zhuo G. , Saba Nabil F.
Published: February 2021

Fibroblast growth factor receptor 3 (FGFR3) is expressed in squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck (SCCHN) including oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (OPSCC) and is a potential therapeutic target. However, information on its correlation with other relevant cancer related proteins stratified by p16 status and its prognostic significance in OPSCC is limited. We examined FGFR3 expression and its correlation with clinical characteristics, p16 status, and mutant p53 (mp53) among 220 retrospectively collected OPSCC cases and 40 prospectively collected SCCHN cases, including a majority of OPSCC. Correlations of FGFR3 Weighted Index (WI) with p16 status and mp53 WI as well as its association with disease-free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS) were evaluated. FGFR3 expression was detected in 61% and 70% of cases in cohorts 1 and 2, respectively. FGFR3 level was significantly higher in p16-negative tumors in both cohorts (p<0.001 and 0.006). FGFR3 expression was highly correlated with mp53 expression in both p16 + and p16– OPSCC (p<0.0001 and p = 0.0006, respectively). In cohort 1, univariate analysis showed that FGFR3 was associated with DFS but not OS. Kaplan-Meier analysis showed that higher FGFR3 and mp53 level correlated with worse DFS (p = 0.025) and OS (p = 0.009). As expected, p16 positive status was associated with improved OS and DFS (p<0.001 for both). Our results suggest that high FGFR3 expression is associated with p16 negative status and mp53 expression in OPSCC and correlates with a worse clinical outcome. The biological relationship between FGFR3 and mp53 in OPSCC deserves further investigation.
The archive and the dramaturg: Ethical reckonings
Authors: Wooden Isaiah Matthew
Published: February 2021

This article proposes that dramaturgical forays into the archive often necessitate important reckonings with ethical concerns and quandaries. Reflecting briefly on my experiences doing research for Ifa Bayeza’s extraordinary trilogy of plays about the life, death and legacy of Emmett Till – The Ballad of Emmett Till, That Summer in Sumner and Benevolence – I sharpen particular focus on what an ethical engagement with the archive has looked like for me and contemplate what it means to hone a practice of ethical dramaturgy.
Ethical Exchanges in Translation, Adaptation and Dramaturgy, Emer O’Toole, Andrea Pelegrí Kristić and Stuart Young (eds) (2017)
Authors: Wood Bethany
Published: February 2021

Review of: Ethical Exchanges in Translation, Adaptation and Dramaturgy, Emer O’Toole, Andrea Pelegrí Kristić and Stuart Young (eds) (2017)

Leiden: Brill Rodopi, 230 pp.,

ISBN 978-9-00434-637-6, e-book, €100.00

ISBN 978-9-00434-633-8, h/bk, €100.00
Arquitectura religiosa del siglo XXI en España. Reseña de libro
Authors: Martínez-Medina Andrés
Published: February 2021

El presente texto realiza una reseña del libro de Esteban Fernández-Cobián: "Arquitectura religiosa del siglo XXI en España" (2019). ISBN: 978-84-9749-759-6.
Versenyképesség és civil szerepvállalás a közigazgatás és a közszolgáltatások fejlesztésében (Competitiveness and civil contribution to the development of public administration and public services)
Authors: Jenei György , Kuti Éva
Published: February 2021

Az utóbbi évtizedek nemzetközi trendjei azt mutatják, hogy a civil szervezetek és a nonprofit szolgáltatók számottevő hatást gyakorolnak a versenyképesség alakulására. Ez a tanulmány azokat a formális és informális mechanizmusokat tekinti át, amelyeken keresztül a civil társadalom befolyásolja a közintézményi döntéseket és azok gyakorlati megvalósítását, hozzájárul a „government”-tôl a „governance” irányába való elmozduláshoz. Szintén képet ad arról az átalakulási folyamatról, amely a közszolgáltatások területén zajlik, s amelyből egyre markánsabban rajzolódik ki a közösségi kezdeményezésen alapuló, társadalmi ellenőrzés alatt működő nonprofit szolgáltatók és az állami szereplők közötti partneri viszony kialakulásának tendenciája. ____________ The international trends of the last decades have revealed that civil society organisations and nonprofit service providers have a significant impact on competitiveness. This paper gives an overview of the formal and informal mechanisms operated by civil society in order to keep public administration accountable, to influence public decisions and their implementation, thus moving from “government” towards “governance”. It also analyses the transition of public services, the more and more noticeable signs of an emerging partnership between the grassroots, community controlled service providing nonprofit organisations and the government actors.
Deep learning-based automated quantification of the hepatorenal index for evaluation of fatty liver by ultrasonography
Authors: Cha Dong Ik , Kang Tae Wook , Min Ji Hye , Joo Ijin , Sinn Dong Hyun , Ha Sang Yun , Kim Kyunga , Lee Gunwoo , Yi Jonghyon
Published: February 2021

Purpose: The aim of this study was to develop and validate a fully-automatic quantification of the hepatorenal index (HRI) calculated by a deep convolutional neural network (DCNN) comparable to the interpretations of radiologists experienced in ultrasound (US) imaging.Methods: In this retrospective analysis, DCNN-based organ segmentation with Gaussian mixture modeling for automated quantification of the HRI was developed using abdominal US images from a previous study. For validation, 294 patients who underwent abdominal US examination before living-donor liver transplantation were selected. Interobserver agreement for the measured brightness of the liver and kidney and the calculated HRI were analyzed between two board-certified radiologists and DCNN using intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs).Results: Most patients had normal (n=95) or mild (n=198) fatty liver. The ICCs of hepatic and renal brightness measurements and the calculated HRI between the two radiologists were 0.892 (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.866 to 0.913), 0.898 (95% CI, 0.873 to 0.918), and 0.681 (95% CI, 0.615 to 0.738) for the first session and 0.920 (95% CI, 0.901 to 0.936), 0.874 (95% CI, 0.844 to 0.898), and 0.579 (95% CI, 0.497 to 0.650) for the second session, respectively; the results ranged from moderate to excellent agreement. Using the same task, the ICCs of the hepatic and renal measurements and the calculated HRI between the average values of the two radiologists and DCNN were 0.919 (95% CI, 0.899 to 0.935), 0.916 (95% CI, 0.895 to 0.932), and 0.734 (95% CI, 0.676 to 0.782), respectively, showing high to excellent agreement.Conclusion: Automated quantification of HRI using DCNN can yield HRI measurements similar to those obtained by experienced radiologists in patients with normal or mild fatty liver.
Obywatel dwóch narodowych kultur
Authors: Darasz Zdzisław
Published: February 2021

Emil Korytko, a Polish student in Lwów (Galicia, Austrian partition), was arrested on accusations of activity in a Polish independence movement organisation. After over two years long investigation and imprisonment, he was exiled to Ljubljana (Laibach), the capital of Carniola. While living in exile, he collected and studied Slovene folk poetry and the customs of Carniola, thus becoming a pioneer of Slovenian ethnology and at the same time one of the most influential activists of Slovenian national awakening. In Slovenia he is known better than in his native country. In November 2013, the University in Ljubljana (Faculty of Philosophy) organized, in cooperation with the Embassy of Poland in Slovenia, a symposium dedicated to the celebration of the 200th anniversary of his birth, including an exhibition about his life and career, held in the National and the University Library of Slovenia. In June 2019 this exhibition, supplemented by several documents, was held in the Slovenian Parliament as a celebration of the 180th anniversary of Korytko’s death. The bilingual book presented here reflects these cultural celebrations and the current state of knowledge about Polish-Slovenian ethnographer, philologist, poet, and translator.
Archiwa a chorwacka historiografia literacka. Nieznane śpiewniki kajkawskie
Authors: Plejić Poje Lahorka
Published: February 2021

Archival research is of great importance for the study of old Croatian literature, as a large part of the body of literary texts has been preserved in manuscripts to the present day, and many of them are kept in archives. Although at its beginnings Croatian national philology was strongly focused on archival work, in the 20th century this kind of research was abandoned, despite the fact that there was still a lot of unanalyzed material left in the archives, as well as many possibilities for correction or supplementing previous conclusions. Thus the handwritten Kajkavian songbooks, especially the secular ones, have been only partially examined. In addition, some songbooks from the Croatian State Archives have never become an object of research. This article draws attention to the importance of fundamental archival research, without which it is impossible to properly draw a picture of the Kajkavian element of old Croatian literature.
Conceptualising Teacher Vision as a Possible Framework for Transformative Teacher Professionalism
Authors:   Eskisehir Osmangazi University, Ergünay Onur
Published: February 2021

The characterisation of quality teachers differs in transformative teacher professionalism. It represents a more dynamic and proactive teaching profession. This paper reports on conceptualising teacher vision based on the related literature and recommends it as a possible framework for transformative teacher professionalism. Following the explanation of transformative teacher professionalism and teaching as a mature profession, characterisation and conceptualisation of teacher vision are addressed. Then an attempt to justify teacher vision as a possible framework for transformative teacher professionalism is done. The paper ends with a set of recommendations for the use of teacher vision in further research on teacher professionalism and teacher education.
Integrating Blogs in Student teachers’ Practical Work
Authors:   Levinsky College of Education, Tel-Aviv, Israel, Biberman-Shalev Liat
Published: February 2021

A variety of technological platforms can help advance teacher education. The current review focuses on the contributions of blogs and blogging in teacher education. The introduction will begin with an explanation of the blog platform, a description of its generic characteristics, and a review of the variety of blog functions. This will be followed by a review of research from various parts of the world that examined the practical uses and the benefits of the blog in the context of teacher education. The final section will present a summary of the benefits of blogging in teacher education and some implications for teacher educators.
Parameters of crystal and electronic structure and magnetic properties of mechanically alloyed Ni3C cubic carbide
Authors: Nakonechna O.I. , Ivanenko K.O. , Kuryliuk A.M. , Belyavina N.N.
Published: February 2021

The cubic Ni3.3C carbide has been fabricated by mechanical alloying of elemental Ni powder and the multiwalled carbon nanotubes in a high energy planetary ball mill. Crystal structure of carbide obtained belongs to the defective structure of ZnS sphalerite type according to x-ray diffraction data. Parameters of the electronic structure of Ni3.3C were calculated by linearized muffin-tin orbitals method within the plane-wave approximation using as an input the defined parameters of crystal structure. Magnetic properties, such as temperature and field dependences of the magnetic susceptibility of Ni3.3C have been studied. Based on experimental data obtained by studying the crystal structure and magnetic properties of Ni3.3C, as well as on the basis of calculations of electronic structure parameters, a preferred displacement of the carbon atoms in tetrahedral voids of Ni crystal lattice has revealed.
Influence of Bias Potential Magnitude on Structural Engineering of ZrN-Based Vacuum-Arc Coatings
Authors: Sobol’ O.V. , Postelnyk H.O. , Pinchuk N.V. , Meylekhov A.A. , Zhadko M.A. , Andreev A.A. , Stolbovoy V.A.
Published: February 2021

The creation of the scientific foundations for the structural engineering of ultrathin nanolayers in multilayer nanocomposites is the basis of modern technologies for the formation of materials with unique functional properties. It is shown that an increase in the negative bias potential (from -70 to -220 V) during the formation of vacuum-arc nanocomposites based on ZrN makes it possible not only to control the preferred orientation of crystallites and substructural characteristics but also changes the conditions for conjugation of crystal lattices in ultrafine (about 8 nm) nanolayers.
The impact of quercetin on a porcine intestinal epithelial cell line exposed to deoxynivalenol
Authors: Pomothy Judit Mercédesz , Gatt Katrina , Jerzsele Ákos , Gere Erzsébet Pászti
Published: February 2021

Quercetin (Que) is present in many vegetables and fruits as a secondary antioxidant metabolite. Deoxynivalenol (DON) produced by various Fusarium mould species can induce cytotoxicity and oxidative stress in the gastrointestinal tracts of humans and farm animals. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of Que on DON-induced oxidative stress in a non-tumourigenic porcine IPEC-J2 cell line. Two experimental designs were used in our experiments as follows: (a) pretreatment with 20 µmol/L Que for 24 h followed by 1-h 1 µmol/L DON treatment and (b) simultaneous application of 20 µmol/L Que and 1 µmol/L DON for 1 h. Cell cytotoxicity, transepithelial electrical resistance (TER) of cell monolayers and extracellular/intracellular redox status were studied. It was found that DON significantly decreased TER and triggered oxidative stress, while Que pretreatments were beneficial in maintaining the integrity of the monolayers and alleviated oxidative stress. However, co-treatment with Que was unable to preserve the integrity and redox balance of the cells exposed to DON. These results indicate that only the 24-h preincubation of cells with 20 µmol/L Que was beneficial in compensating for the disruption caused by DON in extracellular oxidative status.
Good Girl
Authors: Robillard Amy
Published: February 2021

An act of aggression by my nine-year-old dog triggers me to contemplate the relationship among touch, communication, and violence during a pandemic. More specifically, after I let her run (illegally) off-leash at a park near my home, my dog, Essay, attacked another dog for what seemed like no reason. I was horrified, and, having grown up in an abusive home, had to come to terms with being on the other side of an attacker/victim dynamic while I waited to hear whether the other dog would be okay. This prompts me to consider what it means to control our dogs, whether words can touch us when we cannot touch one another, and what it means to be a good person during a pandemic.
“Abandon This Palace of Language:” On the Rhetoric of the Body in A Yellow Silence
Authors: Marya Katie
Published: February 2021

This dialogue between Katie Marya and David Winter reflects on A Yellow Silence, a collaborative, sonic, intertextual, outdoor art installation based primarily on the poetry of Alejandra Pizarnik, which Marya created with architects Hilary Weise and Holly R. Craig. Winter participated in the audio recording of texts for the project. Here, Marya and Winter use feminist theory to construct a conversation around the use of silence in this public art piece, and they explore the nature of their own lives in the process of creating it. A Yellow Silence originally showed on Centennial Mall in Lincoln, Nebraska as a part of the Lincoln PoPs: Global Frequencies public art exposition in the fall of 2019. This dialogue is intentionally formatted without name markers as a way to disrupt normative assumptions about identity and authorship, and to reflect the fluidity that existed as Marya and Winter talked and wrote. This formal choice was based on Haneen Ghabra and Bernadette Marie Calafell’s essay “From failure and allyship to feminist solidarities: negotiating our privileges and oppressions across borders.
Efeitos de um Análogo de Reforçamento Negativo sobre a Seleção de Culturantes
Authors: Ribeiro Damom Cruz , Guimarães Thais Maria Monteiro , Picanço Carlos Rafael Fernandes , Carvalho Neto Marcus Bentes de , Tourinho Emmanuel Z.
Published: February 2021

Resumo O presente estudo investigou os efeitos de um análogo de reforçamento negativo sobre a seleção de culturantes e, diferentemente de estudos anteriores, buscou eliminar a interferência da punição negativa de outros culturantes. Três microculturas de laboratório, com três participantes cada, foram expostas a um delineamento ABAB. Os participantes escolhiam entre linhas coloridas e numeradas de 1 a 10. Na condição de Reforçamento Positivo (A), os culturantes-alvo produziam consequências culturais. Na condição de Reforçamento Negativo (B), as consequências culturais eram subtraídas a cada 30s, mas os culturantes-alvo podiam adiar a perda dessas consequências. O análogo de reforçamento negativo, assim como o de reforçamento positivo, selecionou os culturantes-alvo sem a interferência de contingências punitivas acidentais.
Perinatal care in the COVID-19 pandemic: analysis of Brazilian guidelines and protocols
Authors: Stofel Natália Sevilha , Christinelli Daiany , Silva Rebeca Cardoso de Souza , Salim Natália Rejane , Beleza Ana Carolina Sartorato , Bussadori Jamile Claro de Castro
Published: February 2021

Abstract Objectives: to analyze protocols and direct Brazilian women to prevent perinatal seizures during the CO VID-19 pandemic, based on the positive perinatal experience. Methods: exploratory analysis of document analysis. In the first phase, from April 11 to May 14, in order to search for words with keywords, 402 documents were found. The second phase consisted of reading the set of selected documents and dividing them into categories. The analysis was carried out in light of the guidelines for a positive perinatal experience of the World Health Organization. Results: as well as directing flow detection phase protocols to mice that show or do not receive COVID-19 symptoms and are being updated with new evidence of systemic evidence. It appears that there are several guidelines for prenatal, partial and puerperium, divergences in some documents for example umbilical cord clamping, skin-to-skin contact, newborn bath. Conclusions: analyze the permissible conclusions that most recommendations are in line with preconceived notions of positive perinatal experience, but is necessary to adaptation to the Brazilian context.
Women with cancer and COVID-19: an analysis of lethality and clinical aspects in Pernambuco
Authors: Galindo Rafaella Joanna da Silva Caseca , Andrade Lívia Barboza de , Sena Gabrielle Ribeiro , Nogueira Lídier Roberta Moraes , Lima Tiago Pessoa Ferreira de , Lima Jurema Telles Oliveira , Orange Flávia Augusta
Published: February 2021

Abstract Objectives: to analyze the lethality and clinical characteristics in Pernambuco women with neoplasia that were infected by SARS-CoV-2. Methods: a cross-sectional, retrospective study with female patients with neoplasm sin the state of Pernambuco registered and made available by the Secretariat of Planning and Management of the State of Pernambuco (SEPLAG PE). Secondary data from public domain notifications and the independent factors associated with death were analyzed through logistic regression. The value ofp<0.25 was considered significant in the bivariate analysis and for a multivariate analysis, the value ofp<0.05 was considered significant. Results: forty-nine women died. The mean age and standard deviation were 58.75 ± 20.93 years. 55.86% of the patients were 60 years old or more. The overall lethality rate was 72.06% (CI95%=59.8 - 82.2). The most prevalent symptoms were fever (70.59%), cough (58.82%), dyspnea (57.35%) and O2 saturation less than 95% (48.53%). Conclusions: female patients, with cancer and infected by SARS-CoV-2 are particularly susceptible to death, regardless of the presence of comorbidities or age, with peripheral O2 saturation <95% being the only independent factor associated with death in this group.
Young people in oncological treatment during COVID-19: indicators of the social representation of the coronavírus
Authors: Silva Marina Maria Austregésilo Saraiva da , Accioly Cybelle Cavalcanti , Pedrosa Ana Paula Amaral , Azevedo Stéphanie Maximiano de , Albuquerque Eliane Nóbrega , Lima Tatiany Lisiere Brandão Kunzler , Bouçanova Maria Eduarda Pedrosa
Published: February 2021

Abstract Objectives: to understand indicators of the social representation of the coronavirus in adolescents undergoing cancer treatment during the COVID -19pandemic. Methods: the theory of social representations was used as theoretical and methodological support in its procedural approach in an exploratory study of a qualitative nature. The free word association technique was used in the application of virtual forms using guidelines of the snowball method. The terms ‘Coronavirus’, ‘Going to the hospital’ and ‘Cancer treatment’ were applied. After that moment, the participants were asked for a hierarchy and justification of the evoked words. Data analysis was based on content analysis and frequency distribution of the content produced. Results: articulations were made on the impacts that the pandemic situation had on the treatment experience of that population. It was identified a character endowed with fear and tension about the elaboration of the reality of these subjects in the current period in face of the inevitability of a hospital scenario that facilitates contamination and facing the immunological vulnerability characteristic of their treatments. Conclusions: the participants constructed different contents of psychological suffering aimed at expressions of fear and insecurity experienced during the pandemic period in the face of assistance in the hospital setting. This study is understood as a contribution to more effective actions in order to adapt the care plan of this population, aiming at future professional interventions.
Barriers imposed in the relationship between puerperal mothers and newborns in the pandemic scenario of COVID-19
Authors: Paz Monique Maria Silva da , Almeida Milene de Oliveira , Cabral Nadine Oliveira , Assis Thais Josy Castro Freire de , Mendes Cristina Katya Torres Teixeira
Published: February 2021

Abstract A new virus called Sars-CoV-2, or COVID-19, emerged in late 2019 and caused several changes worldwide. In light of this, countries adopted preventive measures against this pandemic, such as social isolation, use of personal protective equipment (PPE) and special care with people who are at higher risk, such as elderly, people with hypertension or chronic conditions, and recently newborns, pregnant and puerperal women were also included. For puerperal women breastfeeding, it is an extremely important moment, which, in addition to being a natural feeding moment, it is an opportunity to strengthen the mother-baby bond. Aiming at a more cautious approach to avoid possible transmissions of COVID-19 during breastfeeding, preventive measures can hinder this binomial and bring harm to both.
Maternal mortality by COVID-19 in Brazil
Authors: Souza Alex Sandro Rolland , Amorim Melania Maria Ramos
Published: February 2021

Abstract SARS-CoV-2, the new coronavirus of severe acute respiratory syndrome, which causes a predominantly respiratory disease called COVID-19, quickly caused a pandemic, due to its high transmissibility, leaving a trail of deaths around the world. Initially, the pregnancy puerperal cycle was not associated with complications and mortality, only later was recognized as a risk group. As the disease progressed, the maternal mortality rate by COVID-19 increased, Brazil is responsible for an important portion. This rate may be even higher due to underreporting, difficulties in performing laboratorial tests and possible false negative results and depends on the health policies adopted by each region or country. It is important to carry out studies on maternal mortality so that the prognostic factors can be recognized and so avoid them.
COVID-19 and Sickle Cell Disease: a new challenging dilemma in an old disease
Authors: Hazin-Costa Manuela Freire , Correa Maria Suely Medeiros , Ferreira Ana Laura Carneiro Gomes , Pedrosa Evelyne Nascimento , Silva Flavia Anchielle Carvalho da , Souza Ariani Impieri
Published: February 2021

Abstract The authors bring reflections about people with sickle cell disease in the pandemic era. They comment on some common clinical situations in these two diseases which may delay or confuse the diagnosis of COVID-19 in patients with sickle cell disease. We consider that people with sickle cell disease are part of the risk group for the complications of COVID-19 and the topic should be addressed in the scientific literature.
Da gestação à laqueadura: cartografia de uma mãe órfã vivenciada em um Consultório na Rua
Authors: Duarte Luiz Gustavo , Araujo Flávia Maria , Bortoletto Maira Sayuri Sakay , Melchior Regina , González Alberto Durán
Published: February 2021

Este artigo buscou mapear os afetos em cenas que ocorreram em uma vivência em um Consultório na Rua (CnaR) por meio da realização de uma cartografia. Os territórios mapeados, junto com a intercessão da obra “Sandman” de Neil Gaiman, que foi utilizada como dispositivo cognitivo de discussão da fantasia-realidade, evidenciaram modos de viver que desafiam os métodos tradicionais de produzir cuidado, enquanto tornaram visíveis capturas micropolíticas que levaram à produção de controle e enquadramento. Diante disso, foi perceptível no CnaR uma potência de produção de outros modos de cuidado ao mesmo tempo que as capturas micropolíticas para controle do vivente da rua agem agressivamente maquinando a produção da necessidade de esterilizações e desmaternizações com o sequestro de bebês pelo Estado.
Acts of Congress and COVID-19: A Literature Review on the Impact of Increased Unemployment Insurance Benefits and Stimulus Checks
Authors: Falcettoni Elena , Nygaard Vegard
Published: February 2021

Congress passed the first COVID-19 relief package for businesses and individuals in March 2020, when the Coronavirus Aid, Relief and Economic Security (CARES) Act was enacted, providing, among other things, one-time stimulus checks for individuals, extended unemployment insurance (UI) benefits, relief for state and local governments, liability protection, and the Paycheck Protection Program for small-business loan forgiveness.
Characteristics of Mathematical Problems Posed by Teachers
Authors: Agranionih Neila Tonin , Spinillo Alina Galvão , Lautert Síntria Labres
Published: February 2021

Background: In science, posing problems is considered as important as solving them, however, school has explored little this type of activity. Objective: To examine the features of mathematical problems posed by elementary school teachers, analysing aspects related to the statement of the problems and the types of problems formulated. Design: Descriptive, qualitative research. Setting and participants: Eighty-seven teachers (45 teaching 1st and 2nd grades, and 42 teaching 3rd, 4th, and 5th grades of elementary school) attending a teacher education course promoted by the Municipal Secretary of Education of Curitiba. Data collection and analysis: The teachers were asked to formulate four problems involving addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division. The types of the quantities involved, the necessary information, the number of steps required for solving the problems, and the types of problems from the theory of conceptual fields were analysed. Results: The problems presented a clear language, sufficient information, required a single operation for their solution, involved discrete quantities, and presented few challenges. The problems of addition and subtraction involved situations of composition and transformation, those of multiplication were of simple proportion, and those of division were of partitive problems.  Conclusions: The results suggest that the teachers have a limited conception about the formulation of problems, emphasising the need to promote teacher training courses that develop a greater understanding of the properties of the mathematical concept involved in the problems to be formulated and about resolution procedures to be adopted
The Teaching of Natural Sciences in the Early Years of Elementary School to Educate a Scientifically Literate Individual
Authors: Kurz Débora Luana , Bedin Everton , Oliveira Groenwald Claudia Lisete
Published: February 2021

Background: One of the challenges in pedagogical practice in science in the initial years of elementary school (EF) is focused on developing objects of knowledge with an emphasis on scientific literacy. Objective: To investigate how the pedagogical practices of teachers of the 1st and 2nd grades of the elementary school contribute to promoting access and the development of scientific knowledge to educate a scientifically literate individual. Design: Ethnographic case study, through triangulation of data in a qualitative research perspective. Setting and Participants: Seven basic education women teachers who work in three different schools in the municipality of Vera Cruz/RS participated. Data collection: Observation and description in a logbook, questionnaires and interviews with teachers, as well as one student’s notebook and the official school document (Pedagogical Political Project). Results: The promotion of subsidies for access and mediation of scientific knowledge in teaching actions, although a significant portion of teachers has little corroborated the education of a scientifically literate individual. Conclusions: There must be actions aimed at continuing teacher education to favour significant school environment changes.