bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
DISCRIMINAÇÃO E VIOLÊNCIA HOMOFÓBICA SEGUNDO OS PARTICIPANTES DA 6ª PARADA DO ORGULHO LGBT DE SOROCABA-SP: subsídios para (re) pensar as práticas educativas
Authors: Garcia Marcos Roberto Vieira , Mendonça-Magro Viviane Melo de , Leite Kelen Christina
Published: July 2016

Este artigo analisa o perfil dos participantes da 6a Parada do Orgulho LGBT de Sorocaba, interior de São Paulo, e discute as relações entre educação e homofobia, visando apontar algumas possibilidades para o trabalho de combate à violência homofóbica no cotidiano escolar. Apresentamos apontamentos teóricos que tratam da homofobia e educação, fazendo um breve histórico das paradas LGBT e seu papel na luta contra a homofobia na sociedade. Em seguida, descrevemos a metodologia de pesquisa e seus resultados. As conclusões mostram a necessidade de ações efetivas no cotidiano escolar para construção de uma consciência crítica e desenvolvimento de práticas de respeito à diversidade sexual.Palavras-chave: Educação. Homofobia. Paradas do Orgulho LGBT. HOMOPHOBIC DISCRIMINATION AND VIOLENCE ACCORDING TO PARTICIPANTSOF THE 6TH LGBT PRIDE PARADE IN SOROCABA-SP: support for (re)think the educational practicesAbstract: This article discusses some of the relationships between education and homophobia, based in a surveycarried out with the participants of the 6th LGBT Pride Parade in Sorocaba, Brazil, in order to contribute withinterventions to erradicate homophobic violence in everyday school life. Theoretical approaches that address homophobiaand education, the history of LGBT parades and their role in the fight against homophobia in the Braziliansociety are presented. The survey methodology is described and the results are discussed. The conclusions showthe need for effective actions in everyday school life in order to build critical awareness and practices that respectsexual diversity.Keywords: Education. Homophobia. LGBT Pride Parade.  DISCRIMINACIÓN Y VIOLENCIA HOMOFÓBICA SEGÚN LOS PARTICIPANTESDE LA SEXTA EDICIÓN DEL ORGULLO LGBT DE SOROCABA-SP: soporte para(re) pensar las prácticas educativasResumen: En este artículo se analiza el perfil de los participantes de la 6a Edición del Orgullo LGBT en la ciudadde Sorocaba, en el interior de San Paulo, y se discute las relaciones entre la educación y la homofobia, visandoapuntar algunas posibilidades para el trabajo de combatir la violencia homofóbica en la vida escolar cotidiana.Presentamos enfoques teóricos que abordan la homofobia en los espacios escolares. Presentamos apuntamientosteóricos que tratan de la homofobia y la educación, haciendo una breve historia de los desfiles LGBT y su papel enla lucha contra la homofobia en la sociedad. A continuación describimos la metodología de investigación y sus resultados.Las conclusiones muestran la necesidad de acciones efectivas en el cotidiano escolar para la construcciónde una conciencia crítica y para el desarrollo de prácticas de respeto a la diversidad sexual.Palabras clave: Educación. Homofobia. Marcha del Orgullo LGBT.
Autores
Authors: Cavalcante Anissa Ayala Rocha da Silva
Published: July 2016

Biografia
Ficha Catalográfica
Authors: Cavalcante Anissa Ayala Rocha da Silva
Published: July 2016

Expediente.
FILOSOFIA DA EDUCAÇÃO NO CONTEXTO DE ERASMO DE ROTTERDAM E ROUSSEAU
Authors: Nascimento Sidnei Francisco do
Published: July 2016

Erasmo e Rousseau concordavam com o cuidado que os pais deveriam ter com a escolha da ama de leite. Criticavam o despotismo dos professores e o método de ensino que não respeitasse a liberdade e a individualidade da criança. Propagavam uma religiosidade sincera e interior sem ritos e formalismos e concebiam como princípio de uma boa educação a formação intelectual e moral baseada em suas concepções sobre a natureza.Palavras-chave: Erasmo. Rousseau. Religião. Educação. Razão. Natureza. PHILOSOPHY OF EDUCATION IN THE CONTEXT OF ERASMUS OF ROTTERDAMAND ROUSSEAUAbstract: Erasmus and Rousseau agreed in relation to the caution that parents should have when choosing awet-nurse. They criticized teachers’ despotism and teaching methods that did not respect the children’s freedom andindividuality. They spread an inner and sincere religiosity, without rites and formality and understood as the principlefor good education the intellectual and moral formation that was based on their conception on nature.Keywords: Erasmus. Rousseau. Religion. Education. Reason. Nature. FILOSOFIA DE LA EDUCACIÓN EN EL CONTEXTO DE ERASMO DE ROTTERDAM Y ROUSSEAUResumen: Erasmus y Rousseau estuvieron de acuerdo con la atención que los padres deben tener la opción de nodriza. Criticado el despotismo de los profesores y el método de enseñanza que no respeta la libertad y la individualidad del niño. Se propaga una religiosidad sincera e interior sin ritos y formalidades y concebido como un principio de una buena educación la formación intelectual y moral basado en sus puntos de vista sobre la naturaleza.Palabras-clave: Erasmus. Rousseau. La religión. La educación. La razón. La naturaleza.
DIÁLOGO POSSÍVEL SOBRE LIBERDADE E POLÍTICA: Hannah Arendt e Rousseau
Authors: Serra Maria Olilia
Published: July 2016

Apresenta-se a reflexão de Hannah Arendt sobre a compaixão no contexto da Revolução Francesa, com ênfase para a referência a Rousseau. Em sua obra Sobre a Revolução, a autora enfatiza que, a despeito de preconceitos, a liberdade sempre foi o objetivo das Revoluções. Nesse sentido, direciona sua reflexão para as Revoluções Modernas, principalmente para o papel desempenhado pela questão social. Ao examinar a Revolução Francesa, Arendt destaca que a opção dos homens da Revolução pela compaixão que foi elevada à categoria de virtude política, foi inspirada em Rousseau. Mas, para Arendt, é a amizade e não a compaixão que tem relevância política. Palavras-chave: Hannah Arendt. Rousseau. Liberdade. Política. Revolução.  DIALOGUE POSSIBLE ON FREEDOM AND POLITICS: Hannah Arendt and Rousseau Abstract: It presents Hannah Arendt’s reflection about compassion in the context of the French Revolution, withemphasis for the reference to Rousseau. In her work On revolution, the author emphasizes that, despite prejudices,freedom has always been the goal of the revolutions. Accordingly, she directs her reflection to the Modern Revolutions,mostly to the role played by social issues. When examining the French Revolution, Arendt emphasizes that theoption of men of the revolution for the compassion that was elevated to the cathegory of political virtue, was inspiredby Rousseau. But for Arendt, it is friendship not compassion that has political relevance.Keywords: Hannah Arendt. Rousseau. Freedom. Policy. Revolution.  POSIBLE DIALOGO SOBRE LA LIBERTAD Y LA POLÍTICA: Hannah Arendt y RousseauResumen: Presentamos la reflexión de Arendt sobre la compasión en el contexto de la Revolución Francesa, con énfasis para la referencia a Rousseau. En su obra Sobre la revolución, el autor subraya que, a pesar de los prejuicios, libertad siempre ha sido el objetivo de las revoluciones. En consecuencia, dirige su reflexión a las revoluciones modernas, sobre todo al papel desempeñado por las cuestiones sociales. Al examinar la Revolución francesa, Arendt enfatiza que la opción de los hombres de la revolución por la compasión que fue elevada a la categoría de virtud política, fue inspirada por Rousseau. Pero para Arendt, la amistad y la compasión no tiene relevancia política. Palabras clave: Hannah Arendt. Rousseau. Libertad . Política . Revolución.
Screening of certain gram genotypes against Callosobruchuschinensis L. (Coleoptera:Bruchidae)
Authors: Raghuwanshi Pawan Kumar , Sharma Sandeep , Bele Mahendra , Kumar Dipesh
Published: July 2016

Chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.), is an important pulse food. During storage this commodity is severely attacked by pulse beetle Callosobruchus chinensis L. (Coleoptera: Bruchidae) and losses in quantity and nutritional quality. Research studies on relative resistance of 8 chickpea genotypes to the attack of C. Chinensis during storage were carried out. The maximum number of eggs laid on genotypes ICCV-07301 (34.35) whole minimum numbers of eggs (17.3) were laid on genotypes ICCV-990126. Significantly higher weight loss (24.98%) was noticed SG-98310 which was followed by SG-950226 (16.64 per cent). Least weight loss (5.78 per cent) was observed in SG-97311 closely followed by SG-98004 (6.36%).. The highest per cent infestation was observed in ICCV-08303 (91.66) and the lowest per cent infestation was observed in ICC-920412 (71.66%) closely followed by ICCV-990126(73.33%). The developmental period was recorded longer on deshi genotypes than kabuli genotypes. After 60 days of infestation the protein content increased by 30.03 per cent in kabuli genotypes and by 48.37 per cent in deshi genotypes.
Evaluation of new generation pesticides to control pod borer,Helicoverpa armigera (Hubner) infesting chickpea
Authors: Lekha  , Ameta O. P. , Swami Hemant
Published: July 2016

A field study was conducted to evaluate the efficacy of five insecticides viz., Lambdacyhalothrin 5 EC, Novaluron 10 EC, Clothianidin 50 WDG, Indoxacarb 14.5 SC and Quinalphos 25 EC (standard check) against gram pod borer (Helicoverpa armigera H.) on chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) variety Pratap Channa-1. Lambdacyhalothrin 5 EC gave the highest reduction in the larval population of pod borer and was found statically at par with Indoxacarb 14.5 SC. The next effective treatments were Clothianidin 50 WDG and Quinalphos 25 EC, However, Novaluron 10 EC @ 750ml/ha proved to be the least effective treatment as it resulted in lowest per cent reduction in the larval population. Highest cost benefit ratio of 1:2.10 was obtained from Lambdacyhalothrin 5 EC followed by Indoxacarb 14.5 SC (1: 1.65). The next cost effective treatment in terms of CBR was Quinalphos 25 EC (1:1.64), whereas, Novaluron 10 EC (1:1.15) and Clothianidin 50 WDG @ 500g/ha (1:0.66) could not show any conspicuous gain over cost.
Cell wall composition and nutrients in soybean genotypesof varying seed coat colour
Authors: Miglani Heena , Sharma Sucheta
Published: July 2016

The objective of this study was to characterize the cell wall composition and nutrients in twenty soybean genotypes varying in seed coat colour. Mean seed weight among different groups differed significantly and followed the order: brown>yellow>green>black. Moisture content varied from 6.1-17.9% and three black, one brown and one green soybean genotype exhibited moisture content higher than 15%. Acid detergent fibre, hemicellulose, cellulose and ash content in these genotypes varied from 8.0-35.3, 1.66-4.00, 1.33-5.0, and 2.06-8.6% respectively. SEL37 and GP1093 contained highest (5.0%) cellulose whereas EC251388 showed the least (1.33%). Genotypes belonging to black group exhibited highest mean neutral detergent fibre, acid detergent fibre, lignin, free amino acids and tannins and lowest saponins and contents varied significantly from brown, green and yellow groups. Among all the genotypes, SL958 contained highest acid detergent fibre and lignin and SL525 the least. Total soluble protein content of black, brown, green and yellow groups varied from 29.5-40.56, 29.37-30.43, 28.03-43.1 and 30.53-43.23 g/100 g, respectively. Highest mean total soluble protein ( 37.55 %) and oil (21.9%) was recorded in yellow coloured soybean genotypes and values were significantly higher as compared to black, brown and green groups.
Comparison of cell wall constituents, nutrientsand anti-nutrients of lupin genotypes
Authors: Parmdeep  , Sharma S. , Singh Sarvjeet
Published: July 2016

The present investigation reports diversity in contents of cell wall components, nutrients and anti-nutrients in flours of lupin genotypes belonging to 3 species viz. Lupinus albus, Lupinus luteus and Lupinus angustifolius. Lupin genotypes exhibited 96.17±0.24-98.36±0.16% dry matter, 8.33±0.18-30.94±1.8 g hundred seed weight, 27±1.41-36±1.0% neutral detergent fibre, 22.25±0.92-29.65±1.48% acid detergent fibre, 0.85±0.21-3.4±0.71% lignins, 21.05±2.33-26.90±0.85% cellulose, 4.15±1.2-10.75±0.49% hemi-cellulose, 7.0±0.1-10.1±0.42% oil, 15.87±0.88-30.1±2.52% proteins, 9.02±0.24-21.69±1.33 mg/g sucrose and 29.70±1.43-55.49±2.25 mg/g starch. The contents of different anti-nutrients were in the range of 0.29±0.04-0.52±0.07 mg/g phytic acid, 0.85±0.17-2.75±0.06 mg/g saponins, 0.61±0.10-1.34±0.05 mg/g tannins, 1.80±0.07-3.64±0.13 mg/g total phenols and 85.63±2.06-182.9±17.6 mg/g amylase inhibitor activity. Lectins were absent in all lupin genotypes as well as in chickpea check 'GPF-2'. Carotenoids isochromic red and yellow fractions in lupin genotypes were 0.21±0.06-2.22±0.31 and 0.71±0.15-9.35±1.98 mg/g, respectively. The activities of lipoxygenases (LOX) varied from 3.6±0.85-10.95±1.63 units/g for LOX-I and 3.1±0.71-9.8±0.1 units/g for LOX-II isozymes. All the lupin genotypes exhibited higher dry matter, acid detergent fibre, cellulose, oil, sucrose, phytic acid content and lower LOX-I and II activities as compared to chickpea check variety 'GPF-2' at 5% level of significance. White lupins, Kiev Mutant and Andromeda were found to be better in nutritional quality as compared to chickpea check and other lupin genotypes studied.
Educação Libertária no Brasil
Authors: Silva Rodrigo Rosa da
Published: July 2016

Educação Libertária no Brasil é uma obra que, ao longo de suas 384 páginas, apresenta múltiplas possibilidades de usos e leituras. Trata-se, como o subtítulo afirma, de um “inventário de fontes” do Acervo João Penteado que encontra-se reunido no Centro de Memória da Educação (CME) da Faculdade de Educação da Universidade de São Paulo.
Influence of Pharma CRM & Personal Selling Strategies on the Prescription Behaviour of Doctors- A Literature Review
Authors: Kaur Gurpreet , Saluja Deepali
Published: July 2016

A major aspect of promotional strategy adopted by the Pharma firms in India, has been, personal selling through medical representatives (MRs). However from last few years particularly after the introduction of product patent regime in 2005, market scenarios started changing drastically. To add to the trouble of Pharma marketers, in a development in July 2012 the Indian Pharma companies agreed in principle to enforce a code that will restrict them from offering gifts or other SOPS to doctors. This has resulted in changes in the level,intensity and parameters of competition. MRs who earlier acted as the backbone for the Indian Pharma sector ,are finding it very hard to compete, and to make every interaction with doctors, count. Today the Pharma companies that leverage technology solutions such as ERP, CRM, mobility solutions, only have the scope of survival in future. Pharmaceutical companies are gradually realizing that they can no longer afford to be only product or market focused. They have to focus now on relationship marketing or customer relationship management (CRM) in order to gain a complete understanding of their current and potential customers. By implementing CRM, not only the efficiency of sales and marketing efforts increase, but also customer’s experience and loyalty towards the pharmaceutical company is enhanced. This research paper presents a review of some of the selected papers and analyzes the factors that influence the prescription behaviour of doctors and tries to evaluate the effects of CRM and personal selling strategies of Pharma companies on this prescription behaviour.
Scaphoid and Lunate Dislocation with Complete Soft-Tissue Avulsion
Authors: Phan Kevin H. , Azimi Hassan J. , Franko Orrin I. , Abrams Reid A.
Published: July 2016

Case:

We describe an intercarpal dislocation with proximal and rotatory displacement of the lunate and with volar and radial dislocation of the scaphoid; both bones were stripped of soft tissue. Treatment involved ORIF (open reduction and internal fixation). Three years postoperatively, the patient had a DASH (Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder and Hand) score of 10, equivalent grip strength and 50% wrist palmar flexion and 98% wrist dorsiflexion compared with the uninjured side, and radiographic evidence of posttraumatic arthritis.

Conclusion:

Treatment of simultaneous divergent lunate and scaphoid dislocation with loss of nearly all soft-tissue attachments and vascular supply by means of ORIF and repair of soft-tissue structures can result in a favorable intermediate-term functional outcome and may be superior to other salvage procedures such as proximal row carpectomy.
Invited Perspective: Switch: Coming Your Way
Authors: Haldorsen Helge Hove
Published: July 2016

President's column

Questions posed by 2015 SPE President Helge Hove Haldorsen Answers provided by Professor Scott Tinker, Director of the Bureau of Economic Geology, The University of Texas at Austin (UT)

This is my last JPT column as your 2015 SPE President. Come end-September at the Annual Technical Conference and Exhibition (ATCE) in Houston, you will witness “the switch” to 2016 SPE President Nathan Meehan. There is another, much slower switch going on as well.

Recently, the G7 members (Council on Foreign Relations 2015) announced their ambition to switch away from fossil fuels altogether 85 years from now in 2100. They also agreed to make a switch in electricity generation by 2050 so that 100% of electricity generation comes from “clean” sources from this time onward. This call to long-term decarbonification action, if followed up by laws, rules, regulations, incentives, and a carbon dioxide (CO2) tax, will give new momentum to a long-term global energy-mix switch away from fossil fuels.

This “85 years from now ambition” must, of course, be held up the against the “next 30-plus year projection” that more, not less, oil and gas will be needed during this period (Figs. 1 and 2).

Holding these two seemingly conflicting thoughts in our minds at the same time is difficult, but very important. Being for fossil fuels until new viable energy sources are ready to take over does not mean being against alternative energy and renewables and massive “Manhattan Project”-style research and development to make them viable.

On the contrary, as pointed out by Alex Epstein in his book The Moral Case for Fossil Fuels, if we look at the big picture of fossil fuels (which provide more than 80% of the global energy supply in 2015 while sun, wind, and geothermal provide 1% to 2%) compared with the alternatives, the overall impact is to make the world a far better place. This is why exploration and production (E&P) professionals for the foreseeable future will continue to have “making the world a better place” in their job descriptions.
Early Kick Detection: Testing New Concepts
Authors: Jacobs Trent
Published: July 2016

Kick Detection

After the 2010 subsea blowout of the Macondo well that resulted in 11 deaths and the worst oil spill in US history, early kick detection technology found itself at the top of the wish list for regulators and offshore companies seeking to avoid similar accidents. The National Commission on the BP Deepwater Horizon Oil Spill concluded that the crew lacked both training and the technology to recognize the critical signs that a kick was occurring.

“If noticed, those signs would have allowed the rig crew to shut in the well before hydrocarbons entered the riser and thereby prevent the blowout,” the commission said.

Five years since the accident, there has been limited progress made in advancing kick detection for conventional, or open-to- atmosphere drilling. One reason is that kick detection is complicated, involving a mishmash of sensor readings that must be correctly interpreted. Because of this, many of the existing kick detection technologies suffer from a high rate of false alarms and only function under certain drilling conditions.

These issues prompted Shell to partner with National Oilwell Varco and Noble Drilling to create what it calls a “smart” kick detection system. Brian Tarr, a principal well engineer who leads the work on well control technology at Shell, discussed the project at the recent SPE Drilling Systems Automation Technical Section Symposium in London.

Shell thinks that improved reliability will lead to an automated kick detection and reaction system. But there is yet another problem with developing this type of technology. Despite the importance expressed by both industry and regulators, there remain no defined standards.

“We haven’t really focused on measurements associated with kick detection in our industry. If you go and look at industry requirements for kick detection systems, it basically says you have to have a measurement,” without spelling out the requirements for accuracy or redundancy, he said.
Sustaining Economic Operations With Low-Price Oil
Authors: Pickering Julian , Sengupta Samit
Published: July 2016

Management

What does USD 60/bbl crude mean to the oil industry? We all know that oil prices are volatile and that we have seen oil in the USD 60/bbl price range before, but not since 2008.

How did the upstream industry respond then? The short answer is that it did what it is doing now: Projects were canceled, drilling and production were cut, petroleum revenue taxes declined significantly, and many staff in operator, service, and supporting companies left the industry through redundancy or early retirements. In short, the industry felt extremely sorry for itself.

The big difference between 2008 and 2015 is the state of the global economy. In early 2008, global demand for oil had been growing rapidly as countries such as China and India were evolving as major consumers and starting to add significantly to the traditional demand from highly developed countries. By the middle of the year, the world oil market was thrown into financial chaos as many global economies fell into recession. There was suddenly a glut of oil as consumer demand plummeted. OPEC, which at the time controlled about 40% of global oil output, responded by implementing its deepest ever cut in supply but even this did not protect the price. There was just too much oil available compared with global consumption requirements.

By the end of 2012, statistics from the US Energy Information Administration confirmed that the picture of global oil consumption had changed significantly. By this time, China had grown to be the second-largest consumer of world oil with Japan in third place and India in fourth. This was a turning point as the new world oil markets could no longer accept major cuts in global production to bolster prices. So in 2015, it looks as though the oil industry will have to sustain production at a lower revenue price, which means that it will have to work smarter.

An important innovation since 2008 is the growth of integrated operations, also known as the “digital oil field,” which enables increased efficiency in operator companies. Integrated operations allow businesses to optimize their resources of staff, money, and facilities through enhanced collaboration, improved workflows, and remote monitoring of critical operations in drilling and production.

Adoption so far has been patchy: Some companies have taken integrated operations fully on board while others have made only partial use of it and some have not adopted it at all. In this new low oil price climate, we believe that integrated operations could be the critical factor that enables sustainable economic operations.
Net-Pay Optimization and Improved Mapping With Look-Around LWD Measurements
Authors: Carpenter Chris
Published: July 2016

This article, written by JPT Technology Editor Chris Carpenter, contains highlights of paper SPE 171856, “Net-Pay Optimization and Improved Reservoir Mapping From Ultradeep Look-Around Logging-While-Drilling Measurements,” by Frank Antonsen, Per Atle Olsen, Stein Ottar Stalheim, Monica Vik Constable, Matthieu Irondelle, Michael Cook, and Trond Rognebakke Bjørstad, Statoil, and Christophe Dupuis, Philippe Marza, Jean Seydoux, Dzevat Omeragic, and Jean-Michel Denichou, Schlumberger, prepared for the 2014 Abu Dhabi International Petroleum Exhibition and Conference, Abu Dhabi, 10–13 November. The paper has not been peer reviewed.

This paper discusses ultradeep directional-resistivity (DDR) logging-while-drilling (LWD) measurements for high-angle and horizontal wells that have been applied recently with success on the Norwegian continental shelf (NCS). The main benefits from the DDR measurements in the license have been to maximize reservoir exposure by active geosteering, optimize well placement above the oil/ water contact (OWC), and increase subsurface understanding.

Background

More than 50% of all production wells today on the NCS are highly deviated or horizontal. An operator has tested DDR measurements since 2009. This new while-drilling technology, with its increased depth of investigation and ability to interpret multiple boundaries above and below the wellbore, is regarded as a key technology in reaching the ambitious target recovery rate of 70%.

Fig. 1 presents the bottomhole-assembly (BHA) architecture for the first DDR LWD tool with depth of investigation in excess of 30 m away from the borehole. The tool architecture consists of a set of subs spaced out on a BHA providing multispacing, multifrequency azimuthal measurements. With these measurements, a multilayer inversion generates a mapping of the resistivity distribution above and below the borehole. Differentiating this technology from standard image logs, the relative dip of the formation layer can be determined not only at the trajectory, but also away from the trajectory. In addition to the 1D (layer-cake) resistivity mapping, the tool provides an orientation of the map perpendicular to the formation-structure planes.
Technology Focus: Subsea Technology (August 2015)
Authors: Kelly Tom
Published: July 2016

Technology Focus

Achieving equipment standardization has been an objective for operators and suppliers for my entire career. There have been a number of industrywide gatherings with the objective of driving standardization, with varied and limited levels of success. Today, the need for standardization of subsea equipment has never been greater. With the drop in oil prices, cost reduction has become critical. Project sanctioning is more dependent than ever on reducing cost. The need to standardize in order to reduce cost and gain efficiency has been elevated to a vital need. The benefits of equipment and process standardization will reduce cost on many fronts, including manufacturing efficiencies, increased safety, reduced risks, reduced specialized training, and reduced delivery times. All of these have a positive effect on the bottom line. So what is keeping us from achieving greater standardization? Here are a few factors:

Each development brings unique requirements and challenges.

Equipment-design decisions and features can have a high functional impact on operations. This encourages design optimization to accommodate unique requirements, leading to customized designs.

New challenges will drive innovation. Standardization efforts can constrain innovation. It takes extra effort to be innovative and standardized at the same time.

Competition can constrain standardization. Strategic collaboration is needed to achieve standardization even in the midst of a competitive environment. Recognizing these obstacles, we still acknowledge that standardization affects every phase of project execution. Many opportunities remain to achieve benefits from standardization. The market will drive efforts to standardize. To realize the benefits of standardization, it will take enhanced collaboration, ingenuity, compromise, and leadership from both operators and suppliers.
Selection of Subsea-Production Systems for Field Development in Arctic Environments
Authors: Carpenter Chris
Published: July 2016

This article, written by JPT Technology Editor Chris Carpenter, contains highlights of paper SPE 166879, “Selection of Subsea-Production Systems for Field Development in the Arctic Environment,” by E.A. Pribytkov, Gubkin Russian State University and the University of Stavanger; A.B. Zolotukhin, Gubkin Russian State University; and O.T. Gudmestad, University of Stavanger, prepared for the 2013 SPE Arctic and Extreme Environments Conference and Exhibition, Moscow, 15–17 October. The paper has not been peer reviewed.

In this paper, an analysis of the selection of integrated template structures (ITSs) for Arctic environments is presented. An analysis of several actual projects has been carried out. One of the important parts of this work was devoted to the requirements on ITSs conceived in relevant standards. The main elements of subsea-production modules, including their specific characteristics and components, are considered in the work.

The Terra Nova and White Rose fields, on the Grand Banks of Newfoundland, have been developed; other offshore projects are being prepared, such as Goliat and Skrugard in Northern Norway. These projects can be considered as true stepping stones toward oil and gas development in the Arctic region. The harsh conditions of the Arctic environment (low temperatures, icing, snow, fog, and polar night) lead to weather limitations, required winterization, complex logistics, and difficult emergency evacuation and rescue organization.

The severe climatic conditions make the development of Arctic offshore and subsea marine operations extremely challenging. Features affecting safe offshore operations, subsea construction work, and field development are many, and are outlined in the complete paper. Several such factors of great importance are winds, waves, currents, and polar lows (low-pressure weather phenomena that appear when there are changes of cold Arctic air over the sea). Operational criteria are based on several weather parameters.
LULA Exercise Blends Surface and Subsea Responses to Simulated Deepwater Blowout
Authors: Wilson Adam
Published: July 2016

This article, written by Special Publications Editor Adam Wilson, contains highlights of paper IPTC 18215, “LULA Exercise: Testing the Oil-Spill Response to a Deep-Sea Blowout, With a Unique Combination of Surface and Subsea Response Techniques,” by C. Michel, L. Cazes, and C. Eygun, Total E&P Angola, and L. Page-Jones and J.-Y. Huet, OTRA, prepared for the 2014 International Petroleum Technology Conference, Kuala Lumpur, 10–12 December. The paper has not been peer reviewed.

To test the improved blowout-response capabilities implemented following the Deepwater Horizon accident, Total organized and ran a large exercise to check the ability to efficiently define, implement, and manage the response to a major oil spill resulting from a subsea blowout, including the mobilization of a new subsea-dispersant-injection (SSDI) device. After a year and a half of preparation, the exercise took place 13–15 November 2013.

Introduction

The oil-spill-response exercise, codenamed LULA, considered a scenario in which a blowout at a water depth of 1,000 ft resulted in an uncontrolled release at 50,000 BOPD. The main objectives of the LULA exercise were

To mobilize all the emergency and crisis units in Luanda, Angola; offshore; and in Paris

To use all the techniques and technologies available to track an oil slick

To mobilize the SSDI kit from Norway to Angola and to deploy it close to the well

To deploy all the available oilspill-response equipment of Total E&P Angola

To test the procurement of dispersant and the associated logistics

To test the onshore response, including coastal protection, onshore cleanup, oiled-wildlife management, and waste management

Subsea Response

During the Deepwater Horizon disaster, the injection of dispersant directly at the source of the oil leakage at seafloor level proved to be an effective technique. The technique required the deployment of an SSDI system.

After the Deepwater Horizon accident, Total was involved with a group of nine major oil and gas companies in the Subsea Well Response Project. As a result of the work of this group, two SSDI kits were manufactured and positioned in Stavanger. Total wanted to test the ability to mobilize and deploy in a timely manner the newly developed equipment, and Total E&P Angola was designated as responsible for the organization of the LULA exercise in collaboration with the Ministry of Petroleum of Angola. The SSDI kit, positioned in Norway, would be transported by air to Angola, sent offshore, and deployed.
Coral Relocation Mitigates Habitat Effects From Pipeline Construction Offshore Qatar
Authors: Wilson Adam
Published: July 2016

This article, written by Special Publications Editor Adam Wilson, contains highlights of paper SPE 170359, “Coral Relocation as Habitat Mitigation for Impacts From the Barzan Gas Project Pipeline Construction Offshore Eastern Qatar: Survey IV Update,” by Kaushik Deb, RasGas, and Anne McCarthy, CSA Ocean Sciences, prepared for the 2014 SPE Middle East Health, Safety, Environment, and Sustainable Development Conference and Exhibition, Doha, Qatar, 22–24 September. The paper has not been peer reviewed.

The Barzan Gas Project is a critical program to deliver natural gas to Qatar’s future industries. The project was expected to affect shallow coral communities during pipeline construction from Qatar’s North field to onshore. To partially meet the state’s environmental clearance for the project while supporting the state’s national vision, RasGas developed a project-specific coral-management, -relocation, and -monitoring plan that incorporated proven methodologies to relocate at-risk coral colonies to a suitable location.

Introduction

In addition to natural-gas reserves, coral- reef communities are regarded as a significant and highly productive natural resource in Qatar, providing refuge and nursery areas for many commercially important fish and shellfish species during portions of their life cycle. Corals off the coast of Qatar grow in one of the more thermally stressed environments in the world. Elevated sea temperature and other coastal pressures such as overfishing, port development, and construction have led to a decrease in local coral-reef communities. Recognizing the importance of these habitats, Qatar included measures in the Qatar National Development Strategy 2011–16 calling for the protection, conservation, and sustainable management of marine and coastal habitats and associated biodiversity.

The RasGas Barzan Gas Project off eastern Qatar (Fig. 1) is a critical program for the state, delivering natural gas from Qatar’s North field to the onshore processing plant through export pipelines. As part of the construction phase, the Barzan project was expected to affect shallow coral communities through the direct physical removal of coral colonies from trenching activities and through sedimentation and a general deterioration of the habitat immediately adjacent to the trench.

To partially meet the state’s environmental clearance conditions for the project, RasGas developed a project-specific coral-management, -relocation, and -monitoring plan that incorporated proven methodologies to relocate at-risk coral colonies to a suitable location away from both present and future development to minimize potential harm.
Safety Case in the Gulf of Mexico: Method and Benefits for Old and New Facilities
Authors: Wilson Adam
Published: July 2016

This article, written by Special Publications Editor Adam Wilson, contains highlights of paper OTC 25957, “Safety Case in Gulf of Mexico: Method and Benefits for Old and New Facilities,” by Julia Carval, SPE, and Bibek Das, SPE, Bureau Veritas North America, prepared for the 2015 Offshore Technology Conference, Houston, 4–7 May. The paper has not been peer reviewed.

The purpose of the Bureau of Safety and Environmental Enforcement (BSEE) Safety and Environmental Management Systems (SEMS) is to enhance safety of operations in the Gulf of Mexico (GOM). One of the principal SEMS objectives is to encourage the use of performance-based operating practices. However, the current US regulatory framework for GOM operations does not provide adequate tools to focus on specific risks associated with a facility. The adoption of the safety-case regime would steer operations toward this goal.

Introduction

This paper discusses the application of the safety-case concept and how the operator can demonstrate that the major safety and environmental hazards have been identified, and associated risks estimated, and show how these risks are managed by achieving a target level of safety. Throughout the safety-case road map, the identification of safety critical elements (SCEs) and associated performance standards represents one of the cornerstones of asset-integrity-management (AIM) strategy.

The paper discusses how application of the safety-case regime for existing facilities would highlight particular risks that may have been misjudged, taking into account the current state of installations and the actual operational procedures in place. For new facilities, the introduction of the safety case at the early stages of design would ease the integration of the overall risk-management (RM) plan at each level of organization.
Hydrogen Sulfide Measurement With Wireless Technology
Authors: Wilson Adam
Published: July 2016

This article, written by Special Publications Editor Adam Wilson, contains highlights of paper SPE 171720, “H2S Measurement Using Wireless Technology,” by P. Phelan, A.-R. Shames Khouri, and H.A. Wahed, Abu Dhabi Gas Industries, prepared for the 2014 Abu Dhabi International Petroleum Exhibition and Conference, Abu Dhabi, 10–13 November. The paper has not been peer reviewed.

Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) represents a major hazard in oil and gas production, and the efficient and reliable detection of gas leaks is a critical safety aspect. Wireless-detection systems offer an opportunity to expand the measurement area. This paper reviews a specific application of wireless technology in gas detection and details the steps taken to assess the integrity of the wireless system and the considerations necessary to ensure the reliability and availability of the signal transmission.

Wireless-Sensor Networks (WSNs)

WSNs are an alternative to hard-wired systems where the cabling is replaced by radio-frequency (RF) transmission of the measured data into a host system. The network may be point-to-point or meshed transmission. Meshed transmission allows for multiple alternative routes and, therefore, offers potential improvements in the ability of the system to ensure that the data are delivered to the host system.

WSNs have been developed since 2003 on the basis of Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) Standard 802.15.4, which defines the operating frequency of 2.4 GHz and other aspects of the basic physical layer of communication. This is currently adopted by the process industry as the essential foundation for most wireless-measurement systems.

Subsequent to the definition of the physical layer for communication, the HART Foundation, which was originally established to define protocols for serial data communication between cabled field devices, was extended to cover WSN technology. This wireless HART technology was subsequently approved by the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) in 2006 as IEC Standard 62591. A parallel development was undertaken by the International Society of Automation (ISA) in the US under the ISA 100.11a standard in 2009. Each of these standards seeks to establish interoperability of the different equipment manufacturers, and it is important that this convergence be achieved to prevent development and adoption delays.

The development of battery technology is also an important aspect of WSNs. Significant advances in battery design, solar-cell charging, and energy harvesting are expected to play an active role in the future. In present systems, sophisticated software is used to turn on and wake up components to minimize power consumption. It is also imperative that monitoring of battery status be managed actively by the host system.
Predicting Heat Stress in Cotton Using Probabilistic Canopy Temperature Forecasts
Authors: Christ Emily H. , Webster Peter J. , Snider John L. , Toma Violeta E. , Oosterhuis Derrick M. , Chastain Daryl R.
Published: July 2016

Heat stress can reduce crop yield or even cause total crop failure. The ability to predict heat stress in advance would allow growers time to implement protective measures, helping to avoid such losses. This study presents a strategy for producing probabilistic heat stress forecasts for well‐watered cotton (Gossypium hirsutumL.) in the Camilla, GA, region. Multiple linear regression was used to develop a cotton canopy temperature model based on predicted air temperature, humidity, solar radiation, and wind speed. The European Centre for Medium‐Range Weather Forecasts Ensemble Prediction System was used to predict the meteorological variables used in the canopy temperature model, which produced 10‐d probabilistic canopy temperature forecasts for each day of observations during 2014. A statistical mean bias correction was applied to improve on the raw model forecasts. The forecasts were found to be skillful, with relative operating characteristic areas greater than 0.5. The bias‐corrected forecasts were found to increase skill. A heat stress warning system was then created using the forecasts. Additionally, an economic analysis was performed as an example of how probabilistic forecasts can be used to aid producers with financial decisions pertaining to weather‐related risks.

Creating heat stress advisories for crops provide growers time to protect assets.

Coupling crop and atmospheric models translates weather data into usable information for growers.

Probabilistic canopy temperature forecasts can be used to evaluate on‐farm weather‐related risks.
Molecular Marker Information in the Analysis of Multi‐Environment Trials Helps Differentiate Superior Genotypes from Promising Parents
Authors: Borgognone M. Gabriela , Butler David G. , Ogbonnaya Francis C. , Dreccer M. Fernanda
Published: July 2016

The statistical analysis of multi‐environment trial data aims to provide reliable and accurate predictions of genotype performance across the target environments and information on specific performance from the interaction of genotypes with the environments. Genetic gain can be achieved faster when selections are based on predictions from a model that accounts for the relationships among genotypes rather than from a model that assumes unrelated genotypes. Yield and plant height data from 37 international wheat trials were analyzed using a linear mixed model that accounted for relationships among the genotypes via a genomic relationship matrix derived from 2487 polymorphic DArT molecular markers for 197 genotypes. The elements of this matrix reflect the actual proportion of the parts of the genome surveyed that is identical by state between pairs of individuals, and including it into the model resulted in generally lower average prediction error variances of individual trials in the analyses. Partitioning the total genetic effects into additive and residual non‐additive genetic effects has familiar interpretations for plant breeders and facilitates exploring genotype by environment interactions for additive and total effects. This interpretation is still possible with the form of used in this paper. This method of analysis could be readily implemented to accelerate genetic gain by plant breeding programs that have molecular markers for the genotypes under study.
The construction and manipulation of temporal structures in Yeve cult music: A multi-dimensional approach
Authors: Avorgbedor Daniel
Published: July 2016

The purpose of this paper is, therefore, to investigate in detail how musical time is arrived at, and how it interacts with and is influenced by social events and by the specific context under which the music is performed. The analysis will be based upon examples from Yeve cult music as practised among the Anlo-Ewe of Ghana. In addition, the paper will examine relationships that exist between the individual or composite (musical and extra-musical) temporal structures and participantsâ€™ affective response. The affective or experiential domain will also include audience response.
Idoma musical instruments
Authors: Blench Roger
Published: July 2016

The Idoma are a cluster of peoples inhabiting a vertical strip of southern Central Nigeria, to the north and south of Oturkpo town (Armstrong, 1955a and Hansford et al. 1976). Their population was estimated at a quarter of a million in 1955, but has probably increased substantially since that time. â€˜Idomoidâ€™ is one of the principal branches of South Central Niger Congo and forms a co-ordinate branch with the Nupe languages. Abraham (1967) was the first author to study the Idoma language in detail, and the orthography of Idoma today reflects his original analysis, although it has undergone a certain amount of updating since then.
THE INTERNATIONAL LIBRARY OF AFRICAN MUSIC
Authors: Tracey Andrew
Published: July 2016

On the 30th May 1986, Article No. 10253 in the Government Gazette stated that the Section 21 non-profit company known as International Library of African Music (ILAM) had been deregistered. At that moment the long months of negotiation between ILAM and Rhodes University came to an end and ILAM found a permanent home. Dennis Etheredge who, as Secretary of the Chairmanâ€™s Fund of Anglo-American Corporation, and then as Chairman of the Chamber of Mines, had frequently been asked to tide the ILAM over to better times, proposed that the long-term answer to the continuity of both ILAM and African music studies in South Africa was to bring it permanently under the wing of a university. The ILAM finally moved to Grahamstown in 1978, after the death of Dr. Hugh Tracey the previous year, and the building was officially opened by Dennis Etheredge to the sound of a full Chopi xylophone orchestra directed by Venancio Mbande
African music activities of the Department of Ethnomusicology at the Ethnographical Museum of Berlin (West) by Prof. Dr. Artur Simon
Authors: Simon Artur
Published: July 2016

The highlights of our concert activities in June 1984 were the second invitation to three former Buganda court musicians, Evaristo Muyinda, Ludvico Sserwanga and Hadisoni Kiyaga, and the first performance of the famous jali and kora-player, Jali Nyama Suso from Gambia.
EAST AFRICAN POPULAR MUSIC. From Alex Seago, Richmond College, London, 1985.
Authors: Seago Alex
Published: July 2016

When compared to West and Central African popular music, East African music has received relatively little attention from music critics. The main reason for this seems to be that pop in East Africa has tended to be an imported, or at least, an imitated music. During the 60's and 70's the Zairean rhythms of Franco, Rochereau and Co. took Kenya, Uganda and Tanzania by storm to become firmly established as the dominant urban sound. Zairean musicians moved east to take up residences in the clubs and attracted huge crowds of Kenyan, Tanzanian and Ugandan fans.
Preparation and application of magnetite nanoparticles immobilized on cellulose acetate nanofibers for lead removal from polluted water
Authors: Shalaby Thanaa I. , El-Kady Marwa F. , Zaki Abd El Halem M. , El-Kholy Soheir M.
Published: July 2016

Novel magnetic cellulose acetate (CA) nanofibers were fabricated using an electrospinning process. Co-precipitated magnetite iron oxide nanoparticles were immobilized onto CA nanofibers at different weight ratios (0.2–2.5% wt/v) with a CA concentration of 15% (wt %), applied electric voltage of 20 kV, feeding rate of 1.5 ml/h and 7 cm distance between needle tip and collector. The prepared iron oxide nanoparticles were characterized using X-ray diffraction, a transmission electron microscope, a Fourier transform infrared spectrophotometer (FT-IR) and a vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM). The magnetic nanofibers were characterized by scanning electron microscopy, FT-IR, thermogravimetric analysis and VSM. The fabricated composite nanofibers were evaluated as a sorbent matrix for lead decontamination from aqueous solution using a batch technique. The influence of solution pH, contact time and adsorbent concentration on the removal efficiency was investigated. Adsorption kinetics models and isotherms were applied to the lead decontamination process onto the fabricated composite nanofibers. The kinetics of the sorption process revealed that the pseudo-second-order model fitted relatively better than the pseudo-first-order model. On the other hand, both the Langmuir and Freundlich isotherms gave a comparable fit to the adsorption data, with a high coefficient of regression of 0.999.