bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Maximizing aid benefits after urban disasters through partnerships with local water sector utilities
Authors: Pinera Jean‐François , Reed Robert A.
Published: June 2007

Purpose

The purpose of this article is to review the status of current research on how disaster response can best adapt to the urban environment. It looks specifically at water supply assistance, analysing the role and interaction of the various stakeholders and, in particular, the relationship between aid agencies and water utilities.

Design/methodology/approach

The review is based on published and unpublished documents produced on the response to emergencies having taken place in developing countries in the last 30 years.

Findings

The article reproduces statistical data on the rising trends in the incidence of disasters in cities, which emphasizes the relevance of the subject. It also shows that the experience accumulated in the last decade on the response to urban disasters suggests that partnerships between water utilities and aid agencies are beneficial. But the means to achieve this partnership require a more in‐depth analysis.

Research limitations/implications

This review is based only on the literature and should be completed by a case study research in order to support and further develop its theses.

Originality/value

While the level of access to urban services in the developing countries has been extensively researched in “normal times”, there has been little exploration of its role in crisis situations. This article points out the value of such research and recommends that more analysis is carried out.
Culture and dental health among African immigrant school‐aged children in the United States
Authors: Obeng Cecilia S.
Published: June 2007

Purpose

The paper examines African immigrant parents' views on dental decay and whether such views affect their decision to obtain dental insurance for their children. The paper also examines the cultural underpinnings of the immigrants' oral health care practices.

Design/methodology/approach

The data for the study were collected in the states of Indiana and Virginia. The data were collected in 2005 by the author and a research assistant. A total of 420 parents (220 males and 200 females) took part in the research, answering questions about 601 children.

Findings

The results indicate that a sizeable number of African immigrant school‐aged children are denied dental health due to a combination of cultural perceptions on dental health (such as families taking responsibility for cleaning their teeth themselves), parental ignorance on dental health, parents' perception of dental health practice in the USA, and the parents' weak financial standing.

Originality/value

The study is of considerable importance to dental care providers, public health specialists, social workers, and more especially the school systems that have African immigrant children, because as people who provide information and guidance to such immigrants, knowing about how the immigrants' cultural backgrounds influence their decisions about dental care will help to serve the immigrants more effectively.
Where do Chinese adolescents obtain knowledge of sex? Implications for sex education in China
Authors: Zhang Liying , Li Xiaoming , Shah Iqbal H.
Published: June 2007

Purpose

Sex education in China has been promoted for many years, but limited data are available regarding the sources from which adolescents receive sex‐related knowledge. The present study was designed to examine the sources from which Chinese adolescents obtain their information on puberty, sexuality and STI/HIV/AIDS, and whether there are any differences in sources of sex knowledge according to adolescents' demographic characteristics and sexual status.

Design/methodology/approach

The data were collected in 2001 in Changchun City, China. Unmarried adolescents 15‐19 years of age (322 males and 360 females) were included in a cross‐sectional survey using self‐administered questionnaires.

Findings

Schoolteachers and mass media were identified as the two most important sources of sex knowledge. Sources of sex knowledge among adolescents on various topics (puberty, sexuality, and STI/HIV/AIDS) differed by the level of taboo associated with these topics in Chinese culture. The percentage of adolescents obtaining knowledge for puberty, sexuality, and STI/HIV/AIDS from teachers declined by topic (45.4, 30.7 and 18.4 percent, respectively), while the percentage of adolescents obtaining knowledge from television/movie increased by topic (6.7, 12.2 and 27.5 percent, respectively). Adolescents obtained knowledge on topics with less taboo (e.g. puberty) from teachers and obtained knowledge on topics with more taboo (e.g. sexuality, STI/HIV/AIDS) from mass media. However, this differs by having been sexually experienced or not. Parents were the primary source for sex knowledge on less taboo subjects. Doctors were the primary source for STI/HIV/AIDS knowledge. Sexually active adolescents obtained sex knowledge mainly from peers or mass media, while those adolescents who were not sexually experienced identified teachers and parents as the main sources of sex knowledge.

Originality/value

The current study illustrates that it is necessary to improve and enhance current sex education programs in China by recognizing and strengthening the role of parents, teachers, and health care professionals in adolescent sex education.
How effective are street youth peer educators?
Authors: Mitchell Kirstin , Nyakake Monica , Oling Juliet
Published: June 2007

Purpose

This paper explores “lessons learned” resulting from a process evaluation of a peer‐led HIV/AIDS prevention programme targeting street children and youth in urban Uganda. The purpose was to explore aspects of implementation that either enhanced or hindered the effectiveness of the peer educator (PE) role.

Design/methodology/approach

The process data derive from three reviews conducted throughout the project lifespan. The reviews engaged participatory evaluation methods such as focus groups (four) and workshops (three), as well as drawing on monitoring data such as activity evaluations.

Findings

The street youth in this project made effective peer educators. We suggest that letting the target group choose their peers and focusing on street youth undergoing rehabilitation engendered ownership of PEs by the target group and accountability among PEs themselves. The role was highly coveted and the PEs became powerful role models. The most useful work of the PEs lay in helping their peers to leave the risky environment of the streets, hence reducing their vulnerability to HIV/AIDS. By defining the role broadly and situating peer education activities within a broader strategy of capacity building and advocacy, we were able to remain sensitive to the context in which street youth make “choices” about their sexual behaviour.

Originality/value

This paper contributes significantly to our understanding of the effective implementation of the PE method in this setting. It will be particularly helpful to practitioners in the design stage of similar peer‐led programmes.
The challenge of change at Thomas Cook
Authors: Coles Alexis
Published: June 2007

When Condor and Neckermann (C&N) acquired Thomas Cook in early 2001, it saw an exciting opportunity to expand its international business and roll out the Thomas Cook brand across the company globally. Thomas Cook’s successful past spans 160 years and has given rise to a rich pioneering heritage, so any rebranding could not be only a paint job, it had to be meaningful.
Today's talent contest: the battle for talent in the UK is hotting up
Authors: Phillips Chris
Published: June 2007

Purpose

Looks at the increasingly competitive battle to recruit individuals in possession of scarce skills.

Design/methodology/approach

Discusses the problems caused by an aging population in the UK and its impact on recruitment.

Findings

As the population ages, the pressure on traditional sources of talent intensifies.

Originality/value

Gives details of best practices that can help tackle the talent shortage.
Interview with Glyn House
Authors: by Rachel Brown Interview
Published: June 2007

Purpose

This article provides an interview with Glyn House.

Design/methodology/approach

An interview with Glyn House, looking at his work with the restaurant chain Wagamama.

Findings

Glyn House answers questions about brand image, staff recruitment and retention.

Originality/value

Provides an insightful interview with Glyn House.
Interview with Marcus Buckingham
Authors: by Rachel Brown Interview
Published: June 2007

Purpose

This article provides an interview with Marcus Buckingham.

Design/methodology/approach

An interview with Marcus Buckingham, looking at his work for The Gallup Organization and also his views about management and leadership development.

Findings

Marcus Buckingham answers questions about managers, leaders and the recent CIPD conference.

Originality/value

Provides an insightful interview with Marcus Buckingham.
Getting empowerment into perspective: a three‐stage training
framework
Authors: Nicholls John
Published: June 2007

Empowerment is a powerful concept that is in danger of being
debased by over‐hyping. It is important to realize that empowerment is a
slowly‐created state of mind, rather than a verb – one does not
“empower” by some magical, one‐shot injection. The old,
authoritarian, “macho” management attitudes are hard to
dispel. Rather than overcoming them by exhortation, proposes a
three‐stage training framework. The general framework is that
empowerment occurs as the organization sincerely “engages”
with people and they progressively respond to this engagement. In
operational terms, the scope of a person′s job/task is progressively
extended, leading to a growth in that person′s personal capability. The
first stage of this process is for the manager, as an enabler, to use
people′s current capability fully in their current job/task. In the
second stage, the manager leads as a coaching enabler, extending people
beyond their current capability, developing their full potential.
Finally, the visionary enabler creates a broad climate of commitment in
the organization through a sense of belonging and excitement in the job.
Strategies for successful CRM implementation
Authors: Nguyen ThuyUyen H. , Sherif Joseph S. , Newby Michael
Published: June 2007

Purpose

Customer relationship management (CRM) is an information system that tracks customers' interactions with the firm and allows employees to instantly pull up information about the customers such as past sales, service records, outstanding records and unresolved problem calls. This paper aims to put forward strategies for successful implementation of CRM and discusses barriers to CRM in e‐business and m‐business.

Design/methodology/approach

The paper combines narrative with argument and analysis.

Findings

CRM stores all information about its customers in a database and uses this data to coordinate sales, marketing, and customer service departments so as to work together smoothly to best serve their customers' needs.

Originality/value

The paper demonstrates how CRM, if used properly, could enhance a company's ability to achieve the ultimate goal of retaining customers and gain strategic advantage over its competitors.
Evaluating the security controls of CAIS in developing countries: an empirical investigation
Authors: Abu‐Musa Ahmad A.
Published: June 2007

Purpose

This paper aims to examine the existence and adequacy of implemented computerized accounting information system (CAIS) security controls to prevent, detect and correct security breaches in Saudi organization.

Design/methodology/approach

The first part of the paper introduces and discusses the literature review concerned with the CAIS security controls. The current paper introduces and discusses the main results of the empirical investigation. An empirical survey using self‐administered questionnaire, was carried out to achieve this purpose. A total of 500 questionnaires were distributed on a random sample of Saudi organizations. Of them, 275 valid, usable questionnaires were collected and analyzed.

Findings

The results of the study highlight a number of inadequately implemented CAIS security controls, and some suggestions and recommendations are introduced to strengthen the weak points and to close the loopholes in the present CAIS security controls in Saudi organizations.

Practical implications

From a practical standpoint, mangers, auditors, IT users and practitioners alike stand to gain from the findings of this study.

Originality/value

The results presented in the paper help enable managers, auditors, IT users and practitioners to better understand and secure their CAIS and to champion IT development for the success of their businesses.
Information systems planning practices in Indian public enterprises
Authors: Goyal D.P.
Published: June 2007

Purpose

To determine and analyze the information systems planning practices in Indian public enterprises.

Design/methodology/approach

The study is an empirical investigation of Indian public enterprises and thus is primary data based. The primary data was collected from a scientifically‐computed sample of respondents through a pre‐tested designed questionnaire. Thus, the collected data was subjected to appropriate statistical methods to reach meaningful conclusions.

Findings

The findings from the study provide insights in IS planning practices in Indian public enterprises.

Research limitations implications

Only two large enterprises in the public sector have been considered for the purpose of this study. Similar studies with a large number of organizations may further increase the reliability of the findings.

Practical implications

The recommendations, based on the findings from this study, can go a long way in improving the health of information systems, which in turn, would improve the efficiency and effectiveness of the organizations.

Originality/value

The research is original and is based on the primary data collection and interpretation.
Design of a multimedia traffic classifier for Snort
Authors: Marques Oge , Baillargeon Pierre
Published: June 2007

Purpose

The purpose is to enhance the capabilities of a general‐purpose IDS solution with additional knowledge of multimedia file formats and protocols, to better handle multimedia‐specific security exploits.

Design/methodology/approach

The authors have designed a multimedia traffic classifier, implemented as an optional preprocessor for Snort. The solution has been successfully tested with downloading and streaming traffic.

Findings

Test results confirm that the additional specialized knowledge encoded in the preprocessor results in two significant gains: trusted multimedia contents can be identified and allowed to bypass the detection engine, with substantial computational savings; the IDS is now able to detect multimedia‐specific exploits which would otherwise go unnoticed.

Research limitations/implications

Not all multimedia‐related scenarios have been covered by the described implementation yet. The proposed solution is being extended to other file types and protocols, fine‐tuned, as well as tested more extensively.

Practical implications

Snort users interested in this work will be able to add the multimedia‐specific functionality – and enjoy the resulting benefits – with minimal effort.

Originality/value

The research reported in this paper is – to the authors' knowledge – the first effort to add multimedia‐specific knowledge to the operation of an IDS. In addition to being innovative, the proposed method is relevant for more than one reason, since it enhances the IDS capabilities while at the same time alleviating the computational cost of performing detailed traffic analysis in high‐speed networks.
New Initiatives which May Erode Your Privacy
Authors: Weiss Kenneth P.
Published: June 2007

Argues that the Clipper chip is an expensive, flawed technology which is
being aggressively proposed by the US administration and may permanently
erode personal privacy without accomplishing its stated goal. Gives
seven reasons why the Clipper chip should be “torpedoed”.
Whither Cryptography
Authors: Anderson Ross J.
Published: June 2007

There are three widely held beliefs about cryptology which underpin much
research on the subject, guide substantial industrial investment and
inform most of the associated public policy debate. These are, first,
that the cryptographic systems are mostly used to keep communications
secure, in the sense of ensuring that an electronic message is secret
and/or authentic. In the second of these roles, cryptology provides a
useful (if not only) means of securing electronic evidence in such a way
that it will be accepted by a court, and is thus indispensable to the
future development of electronic commerce. Third, most attacks on
cryptographic systems involve technical skill at cryptanalysis, and such
systems can therefore be made sufficiently robust by using standard,
well studied encryption and signature algorithms. Shows that these three
beliefs are almost completely mistaken.
Corporate policy at Cable & Wireless enhances business efficiency and improves quality of working life
Authors: Fitzgerald K.J.
Published: June 2007

Describes how the business networks division of Cable & Wireless has pioneered a teleworking programme called “Global Office” which enables portable computer‐using managers and staff who travel extensively between the company’s worldwide office locations to work anywhere and at any time, to their greater convenience and at reduced cost to the company. Gives a detailed description of the global office hardware, software and architecture.
Data security report
Authors: Fitzgerald K.J.
Published: June 2007

Highlights the findings of an extensive, questionnaire‐based programme of research into data security among medium‐sized and large organizations in the UK. Comments on the ways in which new trends in information technology will affect data security and emphasizes the need for companies continually to re‐evaluate and upgrade their data security measures.
Getting beyond the dark side of distributed computing
Authors: Howe Randy
Published: June 2007

Presents major findings from an in‐depth multi‐company American study on the effective management of the distributed computing environment. The study, led by Cambridge Technology Partners, focuses on the management approaches that contribute to the greatest success in the client/server arena. Synthesizes the study’s broad findings into eight major areas of concern and focus for future distributed systems management.
“Testing the plan is more important than the plan itself”
Authors: Maslen Colin
Published: June 2007

States that for business recovery planning to be successful, more than just a business recovery plan should be produced. Proposes that testing and training are just as important as the plan itself. Addresses three key areas: the plan and its importance; what else is needed to manage a disaster; and what is gained by testing and training. Concludes that an extensive programme of testing and training will prepare an organization for almost any contingency.
The Thornton May Files
Authors: May Thornton A.
Published: June 2007

Pulls from extensive research and experience to provide commentary and insight on a range of management issues in the information technology world. Draws a picture of the issues associated with successful management of the distributed systems environment, and waxes literary about management behaviours around electronic commerce.
The value brokers: how to measure client/server payback
Authors: McWilliams Brian
Published: June 2007

Discusses the measurement of client server payback. suggests that companies should not be using return on investment because financial yardsticks cannot measure directly the long‐term competitive advantage given by increased productivity and communication related to information systems.
E‐learning agents
Authors: Gregg Dawn G.
Published: June 2007

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to illustrate the advantages of using intelligent agents to facilitate the location and customization of appropriate e‐learning resources and to foster collaboration in e‐learning environments.

Design/methodology/approach

This paper proposes an e‐learning environment that can be used to provide customized learning. It utilizes a set of interacting agents that can personalize instruction based on an individual's prior knowledge as well as their cognitive and learning needs. The e‐learning agents monitor the e‐learning environment and improve learning and collaboration based on learners' prior knowledge, social characteristics and learning style.

Findings

E‐learning agents should allow the discovery of new learning objects more easily, allow learners to customize materials presented to improve learning outcomes, and improve collaboration in the e‐learning environment.

Originality/value

Little prior research has been done on the use of agents in e‐learning environments. This paper proposes a set of e‐learning agents that, if implemented in online education or training environments, should provide tangible benefits to organizations.
Using meta‐abilities and tacit knowledge for developing learning based systems
Authors: Hisyam Selamat Mohamad , Choudrie Jyoti
Published: June 2007

Purpose

Research has found that the implementation of learning‐based systems development is a complex issue since it requires the input of employees at all levels of an organization. Successful implementation is a challenge for organizations as the basic training and education offered by them and the particular experiences of the individuals on their own and other factors such as fear and ignorance prevent such actions. For this purpose, the addition of other elements is also required. This research aims to identify and explain the usage of the elements that can encourage employees to contribute the inputs necessary for learning‐based systems development.

Design/methodology/approach

To achieve this aim, this research developed a conceptual framework based on the concepts of meta‐abilities and tacit knowledge externalization and sharing. To illustrate the application of the framework in a real life setting, a case study approach that involved a large manufacturing organization in Malaysia was employed.

Findings

The processes undertaken in the novel conceptual framework of this research should ensure that organizational information systems are subject to continual re‐examination and modification. By internalizing a system's operations, individuals can improve actions by acquiring better knowledge and understanding, which is the learning process. It was concluded that the future focus for the management of information in organizational learning should be towards the development of an individual's meta‐abilities and creating a suitable organizational culture and infrastructure such that knowledge sharing is promoted.

Originality/value

Generally, this paper offers a contribution by illustrating the application of a conceptual framework in a practical situation; thereby demonstrating a theoretical and practical understanding of the integration of staff members into the IS development process.
Heavy equipment management practices and problems in Thai highway contractors
Authors: Prasertrungruang Thanapun , Hadikusumo B.H.W.
Published: June 2007

Purpose

This study is intended to investigate the current practices and problems in heavy equipment management as well as to identify practices capable of alleviating equipment management problems for highway contractors in Thailand.

Design/methodology/approach

Equipment management practices were identified and analysed by SPSS using a questionnaire survey. ANOVA test was used to reveal significant differences in equipment management practices among different contractor sizes. Relationships between equipment management practices and problems were also revealed.

Findings

The equipment management practices vary, to some extent, among different contractor sizes. While practices of medium and small contractors tend to be similar, practices of large contractors are different from those of smaller contractors. Large contractors often put more emphasis on outsourcing strategy for equipment management. Moreover, large contractors frequently dispose of or replace equipment as soon as the equipment becomes inefficient before incurring high repair costs. Conversely, smaller contractors tend to mainly emphasise on the company finance and the budget availability as they often rely on purchasing strategy, especially buying used machines. Overall, equipment practices of large contractors were found to be more successful than smaller contractors in minimising equipment management problems, including long downtime duration and cost.

Originality/value

This research is of value for better understanding practices and problems relating to heavy equipment management among different contractor sizes. The study also highlights practices that are capable of reducing problems relating to heavy equipment management for highway contractors.
Empirical study of interactions between knowledge management activities
Authors: Chen Le , Mohamed Sherif
Published: June 2007

Purpose

Recent knowledge management (KM) literature suggests that KM activities are not independent of each other, rather they interact with each other to form a process which receives input from both external and internal business environments, and then produces new knowledge for future utilisation. The purpose of this paper is to empirically investigate the relationships between KM activities within the construction business context in order to identify and map the pattern of their interactions.

Design/methodology/approach

A questionnaire survey was administered to a sample of contracting organisations operating in Hong Kong to elicit opinions of construction professionals on the intensity of KM activities currently being executed by their organisations in order to facilitate knowledge capture, sharing and utilisation. More than 150 respondents from 99 organisations responded to the survey. Additionally, a total of 15 semi‐structured interviews were undertaken to provide a unique perspective on many of the challenges facing local construction organisations when dealing with KM activities.

Findings

Knowledge acquisition and utilisation play paramount roles in the development of the organisational knowledge asset. The higher the intensity of these two activities, the larger the organisational knowledge pool which, in turn, demands greater knowledge dissemination capacity. This dissemination capacity enables more active and intense responses to market changes and clients' needs, thus facilitating and stimulating acquisition and utilisation of new tacit knowledge, thus improving organisational business performance.

Originality/value

Interactions between KM activities were empirically investigated, from a strategic perspective, in the construction business context.
Sustaining online teacher professional development through community design
Authors: Henderson Michael
Published: June 2007

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to explore the role of community of practice in sustaining teachers' participation in a blended (face‐to‐face and online) professional development course.

Design/methodology/approach

A longitudinal multiple‐case study methodology was used in researching groups of five teachers in Australia and four teachers in the UK. The two groups independently participated in an initial face‐to‐face training day and then completed the professional development course via an online learning environment (Blackboard). The course was designed to facilitate community of practice cohesion. Data collection included surveys, data mining of online activity, discussion forums and e‐mails, and semi‐structured interviews.

Findings

The paper finds that the participants of both case studies demonstrated sustained engagement for more than twice the minimum requirement. While the Australian case study was sustained through a community‐defined regime of participation, the UK case study increasingly relied on the course facilitator to broker both practices and a community rhythm by which they could participate. Sustained participation in the Australian case study was supported by mutuality as seen in reciprocity of interaction and social engagement.

Originality/value

Transformative professional development is dependent on a number of design principles, including that it needs to be sustained over time. The literature reveals that neither face‐to‐face nor online professional development, per se, sustains engagement. This research demonstrates that teacher participation can be sustained by designing for community of practice cohesion, in a blended mode of delivery with small groups of participants.
Designing interactive learning environments: an approach from first principles
Authors: Scott Bernard , Cong Chunyu
Published: June 2007

Purpose

Today's technology supports the design of more and more sophisticated interactive learning environments. This paper aims to argue that such design should develop from first principles.

Design/methodology/approach

In the paper by first principles is meant: learning theory and principles of course design. These principles are briefly outlined, key features of which include: the use of knowledge and task analysis methodology; the use of topic maps; and learning design that supports adaptive teaching. The paper goes on to describe how this approach to course design has been applied at the UK Defence Academy.

Findings

The paper shows how conversation theory serves as a source of first principles for the design of interactive learning environments, as exemplified in the Course Assembly System and Tutorial Environment (CASTE).

Originality/value

A principled approach to the design of interactive learning environments is of value in bringing order to a conceptually and methodologically confused domain of practice.
Virtual learning environments
Authors: Gerrard Catherine
Published: June 2007

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to demonstrate the need for accessible learning within the online environment by investigating disabled students' levels of engagement with a virtual learning environment (VLE) and the extent to which lecturers' use of the VLE made learning accessible.

Design/methodology/approach

A small focus group of undergraduate students with various disabilities was used to create a case study approach.

Findings

The paper presents key issues related to the pedagogical, practical and strategic use of a VLE, based on the perspectives of disabled students and raises many disability issues for teaching staff who are attempting to get to grips with the idea of bringing a VLE into their everyday teaching to complement their face‐to‐face teaching sessions. It offers a considered approach to the use of a VLE in meeting the requirements of the UK disability legislation and in responding to the needs of disabled students.

Originality/value

Based on the perspectives of students, the paper offers a first‐hand insight into the pedagogical issues surrounding e‐learning and students with disabilities.
Ethics in the information exploitation and manipulation age
Authors: Snow Richard , Snow Mary
Published: June 2007

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to elaborate the need to educate and encourage students to seek an ethical realm in which the researcher not only accurately analyses and documents a problem, but also actually advocates involvement to mitigate negative impacts.

Design/methodology/approach

Geographic information systems (GIS) applications are used in the paper to demonstrate that data from a stream of diverse sources can be manipulated by selectively stressing certain information, by deliberately excluding pertinent information, or by interlacing statements taken out of context to concoct an entirely different meaning.

Findings

The paper finds that, in response to an escalation of academic misconduct among students and researchers competing for jobs and grants, numerous disciplines have established codes of ethics.

Practical implications

Understanding that formal curricula designed to raise an awareness of moral issues and affect ethical reasoning have proven to be successful, a GIS code of ethics and an ethics workshop outline are presented.

Originality/value

The validity of a GIS, or any other depiction of data, should be carefully examined, as data classification schemes can be problematic. This paper emphasises the need for students and researchers to be well versed in the scientific method, which involves self‐awareness combined with honesty, scepticism, and integrity.
Project implementation using a team approach
Authors: Yerk‐Zwickl Sherri
Published: June 2007

Lafayette College is a small, private, undergraduate‐only, liberal
arts college in Easton, Pennsylvania. The college′s curriculum is
distinguished by the rare combination, on an undergraduate campus, of
degree programs in both the liberal arts and engineering. The full‐time
student enrollment is approximately 2,000, with faculty and
administrative staff numbering approximately 500.
A small school ventures into the world of the CWIS
Authors: Actis Bev
Published: June 2007

By the fall of 1992, Kenyon College, a liberal arts school of 1,500
students in Gambier, Ohio, had just completed its campus network
infrastructure, which provided network access to virtually all campus
buildings. The campus community was communicating via e‐mail and
beginning to share much information electronically. The time was ripe
for Kenyon to consider how to utilize this new environment to more fully
integrate its wide variety of information resources into a campus‐wide
information system, or CWIS.
EPrints makes its mark
Authors: Stanger Nigel , McGregor Graham
Published: June 2007

Purpose

The purpose of the paper is to report on the impact and cost/benefit of implementing three EPrints digital repositories at the University of Otago, and to encourage others to follow suit.

Design/methodology/approach

Three repositories were successfully implemented at the University of Otago using existing commodity hardware and free open source software. The first pilot repository was implemented within ten days, and is now a fully functional system that is being championed for institutional‐wide use by the University Library. The other two repositories emerged from different community needs. One is academic, concerned with collecting and researching indigenous content; the other is designed to preserve and manage collective memory and heritage content for a small rural community.

Findings

The paper shows that digital repositories can be established quickly and effectively with surprisingly few resources; readily incorporate any kind of extant digital content, or non‐digital material that is converted to electronic form; meet multifarious needs, from academic institutions seeking to enhance research visibility and impact, to individuals and small communities collecting and preserving their unique memory and heritage records; and establish connectivity with the global community from the moment they go live.

Practical implications

The technology and global support community have matured to a state where a fully‐featured repository can be quickly and easily implemented.

Originality/value

This paper describes the short history, development and impact of the first live repositories of their kind in New Zealand. Their utility and implications for the unique communities that have given rise to them are also explored, by way of encouraging others to take up the digital challenge.
Herding cats
Authors: Krevit Leah , Crays Linda
Published: June 2007

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to examine a pilot program implemented by the Houston Academy of Medicine‐Texas Medical Center Library and The University of Texas School of Nursing at Houston to design the multi‐institutional repository for the Texas Medical Center.

Design/methodology/approach

The steps involved in the program are outlined and the lessons learned from the implementation are analyzed.

Findings

The success of the institutional repository depends on appropriate communication with faculty, a deep understanding of the publishing process, identifying appropriate partners, designing a flexible technology infrastructure, and engaging in active collaboration with key players. The Library is the logical center for this activity.

Practical implications

The paper should assist libraries with the unique activities involved in creating a viable multi‐institutional repository in a research‐intense academic medical environment.

Originality/value

This paper analyzes the challenges inherent in introducing institutional digital repositories to the academic medical community. Currently, institutional repositories are being developed in only a small percentage of the academic medical centers in the USA.
Creating an institutional repository at a challenged institution
Authors: Kelly John C.
Published: June 2007

Purpose

The purpose of the paper is to show how an institutional repository can be successfully created by university libraries with limited financial and technological resources.

Design/methodology/approach

In this paper the library's experience creating an institutional repository despite financial and technological limitations is recounted.

Findings

The paper finds that a serviceable repository may be created by focusing on its critical elements, and adapting existing resources, including a proprietary system currently used for other digital resources.

Practical implications

The paper shows that librarians should not assume that open‐source systems are the only vehicles for providing institutional repositories, or that such a service is necessarily beyond their capabilities.

Originality/value

Academic libraries do not have to follow an involved, idealized process to create an institutional repository based upon open‐source software. Systems already at hand, even if proprietary, may be adapted and real‐world limitations surmounted to create such a resource.
The institutional repository at the University of Nebraska‐Lincoln
Authors: Royster Paul
Published: June 2007

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to provide a short history of the first year of operation of an institutional repository (IR) at a midwestern state university. Design/methodology/approach – The paper is anecdotal, reviewing aims, rationales, and strategies, and offering advice and some counter‐intuitive lessons.

Findings

The paper finds that voluntary self‐archiving by faculty or campus publishers is exceptional or rare, but there are other ways of populating an IR with valuable content. IR's should seek original material, including new dissertations, as well as previously published articles. IR's should offer a variety of services to make faculty participation as effortless as possible. IR's can increase usage by efforts directed at publicizing their resources and offerings.

Research limitations/implications

The paper concerns one institution, but the challenges faced are common to all new university institutional repositories.

Originality/value

This paper is a useful source of information for those considering, planning, or operating an institutional repository.
A multifaceted approach to promote a university repository
Authors: Mercer Holly , Rosenblum Brian , Emmett Ada
Published: June 2007

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to describe the history of KU ScholarWorks, the University of Kansas' institutional repository, and the various strategies used to promote and populate it.

Design/methodology/approach

This paper describes how KU ScholarWorks came into being, and discusses the variety of activities employed to publicize the repository and encourage faculty to deposit their work. In addition, the paper discusses some of the concerns expressed by faculty members, and some of the obstacles encountered in getting them to use the repository. The paper concludes with some observations about KU's efforts, an assessment of the success of the program to date, and suggests some next steps the program may take.

Findings

The paper found that KU ScholarWorks has relied on a “self‐archiving” model, which requires regular communication with faculty and long‐term community building. Repository content continues to grow at a steady pace, but uptake among faculty has been slow. In the absence of mandates requiring faculty to deposit work, organizations running institutional repositories must continue to aggressively pursue a variety of strategies to promote repositories to faculty and encourage them to deposit their scholarship.

Originality/value

KU's experience will help other institutions develop institutional repositories by providing examples of marketing strategies, and by promoting a greater understanding of faculty behavior and concerns with regard to institutional repositories.
ILL Conceived Ideas
Authors: Raschke Susan
Published: June 2007

This month′s column concerning interlibrary services in the OCLC
universe begins with uncertain conditions.
OCLC users council meeting
Authors: Ostendorf JoEllen
Published: June 2007

The OCLC Users Council met at OCLC headquarters in Dublin, Ohio, on
January 9‐11 to discuss “Libraries, OCLC, and Electronic
Publishing.” It was the second of three meetings devoted to the council′s
1993‐94 theme, “The Bibliographic Commons and Beyond: Electronic
Publishing and Knowledge Management.”
Collection analysis at a junior college library
Authors: Gaylor Ranall H.
Published: June 2007

The New Mexico Junior College (NMJC) is a relatively small two‐year
college of about 1,900 FTE students located in an oil – and
gas‐producing, semirural environment in southeastern New Mexico. The
college has a relatively comprehensive two‐year curriculum leading to
Associate of Arts and Associate of Science degrees in traditional
freshman and sophomore areas of study. The college is known for the
high percentage of transferrable courses to four‐year colleges and
universities in the region. The NMJC also serves as a vocational school
for the greater Lea County area of southeastern New Mexico and portions
of West Texas.
Tepid water for everyone? the future OLUC, catalogers, and outsourcing
Authors: CannCasciato Daniel
Published: June 2007

As we move into 1994, it seems opportune to reflect on the OLUC and what
it might become in the next few years. We are at the beginning of an
interesting era for cataloging because of two factors: technology and
finances. That is, technology is expanding while finanaces are
dwindling. We might be at the beginning of a cycle of decisions leading
us to utilize a superior technology that will give patrons access to a
mediocre bank of information. This is similar to having wonderful
plumbing in a building but an inadequate water supply. There would be
beautiful fixtures throughout that building, stupendous service on those
fixtures, fountains everywhere, innovative nozzles and spigots and
basins, but out of each faucet would come the exact same thing: tepid
water – a product that almost never meets anyone′s needs. Is that really
service? More to the point, is that what we want to deliver: tepid water
for everyone?
OCLC internet access: A report on PRISM access via the internet
Authors: CannCasciato Daniel
Published: June 2007

Some recent articles in this journal have dealt with various ways to
gain access to OCLC services. Modes of access have involved different
software/hardware solutions to gain access via a Macintosh, a LAN, and a
TCP/IP network (vol. 9, no. 4). In my column for this issue I′ll
continue that theme. Network access has been a goal at the University of
Oregon as well. So we were pleased to be a test site recently for PRISM
access via the Internet.
The BUS: An ILL request tracking system for PRISM and the micro‐enhancer
Authors: Lewis John D.
Published: June 2007

The Borrowing Update System (BUS) is a customized application for
tracking and reporting on current and past Interlibrary Loan requests
processed using OCLC′s PRISM and Micro‐Enhancer. Developed in the ILL
department at Virginia Tech′s Newman Library over the past two years,
the BUS automates many of the common, previously manual, ILL tasks.
Here, in this first of a two‐part article on the BUS, I will discuss the
steps taken in planning the BUS and give a general overview of the BUS.
In the next article, I′ll examine the problems and limitations, the
future of the BUS, and explore the technical elements of the program,
including the table structure of and some code examples from the BUS.
PRISM/PASSPORT
Authors: Carter Judith A.
Published: June 2007

In Part 1 of my “Authors and Titles and MARC – Oh My!” (Fall 1993) I asked
if you wanted me to do a similar article on the Authority File format.
Well, there was a resounding reply to the affirmative. Well, maybe not
resounding, but it was definitely a reply, more than one, even. Don′t
laugh, I welcome all communication on this side of the column. It gets
lonely facing these deadlines alone. You, the reader, have the luxury of
reading this column whenever you want (well, within the parameters of
routing it in a timely manner – I know). I, on the other hand, have to
produce, on demand, an interesting, up‐to‐date, pithy expose on a
PRISM/PASSPORT‐type topic that will grab your attention. Since I left
AMIGOS and moved to this very quiet, private college, I′ve been
wondering if anyone is out there...there...there... I′m feeling a
little out of touch, so keep those electronic cards and letters coming
in. That address: parkercc@class.org.
Reclassification in the 1990s
Authors: Rai Priya
Published: June 2007

During the 1960s the academic and large public libraries engaged in
massive reclassification of their collections from Dewey Decimal to the
Library of Congress Classification System. A search of the library
literature of this decade indicates much publication activity on the
topic of reclassification. While losing some momentum in the “trend to
LC” during 1968‐1971 many libraries continued to reclassify into the
1970s.
Training original catalogers to utilize CAT ME plus: An outline
Authors: Hart Weimer Katherine
Published: June 2007

For catalogers who want to simplify their work and lower costs by
working offline, OCLC′s Cataloging Microenhancer Plus is an obvious
solution. The Cataloging Microenhancer CAT ME Plus stores workforms, and
allows the addition of constant data and blocking/copying of data to
original records.
Supplementing electronic databases: The OCLC FirstSearch Option
Authors: Cassel Rachel , Mols Frank
Published: June 2007

In early 1993 Binghamton University Libraries began discussing methods
to supplement our collection of electronic journal indexes available on
mainframe tapes or CD‐ROM. FirstSearch files were chosen because of the
selection available, the advantages of remote storage over local data
storage and maintenance, and the ease with which we could provide access
through our newly‐developed public Internet interface. This article
summarizes our access to electronic indexes, present statistical data on
FirstSearch usage for the 1993/94 academic year, and provides possible
explanations for the resulting searching activity patterns. Such
information may be helpful to other libraries as they implement
FirstSearch access.