bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Między mocarstwowością a peryferyjnością. Międzynarodowa pozycja Polski w XXI wieku w narodowej i konserwatywnej refleksji politycznej
Authors:   Uniwersytet Marii Curie-Skłodowskiej w Lublinie, Polska, Sanecka-Tyczyńska Joanna
Published: January 2022

The research objective of this paper is to analyse trends in contemporary nationalist and conservative political thought from the system and problem-based perspectives through the lens of Poland's international status in the 21st century. The subject of the analysis is the political thought of two parties − the League of Polish Families (representing the nationalist trend) and Law and Justice (the conservative trend) in two dimensions. First − in the ideological dimension, covering political views with the greatest degree of generalisation. Second − in the programme dimension, understood as a set of specific political proposals, creating concepts and defining the conditions for their fulfilment in the future. The research objective was contingent on the following research questions: How did the League of Polish Families and the Law and Justice Party define and describe international order? What values were assigned key roles in shaping Poland's international position? What international roles were assigned to Poland?
Environmental footprint analysis of an urban community and its surrounding bioregion
Authors: Hammond Geoffrey P. , Iddenden Trevor , Wildblood Jane
Published: January 2022

Environmental or ‘ecological’ footprints have been widely used as partial indicators of sustainability; specifically of resource consumption and waste absorption transformed in terms of the biologically productive land area required by a population. The environmental footprint of the Unitary Authority of Bath and North East Somerset (BANES) in the South West of England (UK) has been estimated in terms of global hectares (gha) required per capita. BANES has a population of about 184 870 and covers an area of 35 200 ha, of which two-thirds are on ‘green belt’ land. The UNESCO World Heritage City of Bath is the principal settlement, but there are also a number of smaller urban communities scattered among its surrounding area (‘hinterland’ or ‘bioregion’). The overall footprint for BANES was estimated to be 3.77 gha per capita (gha/cap), which is well above its biocapacity of 0.67 gha/cap and ‘Earthshare’ of 1.80 gha/cap. Direct energy use was found to exhibit the largest footprint component (a 31% share), followed by materials and waste (30%), food and drink (25%), transport (10%) and built land (4%), whereas the water footprint was negligibly small (∼0%) by comparison. Such data provide a baseline for assessing the Council's planning strategies for future development.
Automation of the three-phase double-speed asynchronous motor design
Authors:   Novosibirsk State Technical University, Russian Federation, Shevchenko Andrei A. , Temlyakova Zoya S. ,   Novosibirsk State Technical University, Russian Federation, Toporkov Dmitriy M. ,   Novosibirsk State Technical University, Russian Federation, Temlyakov Anton A. ,   Novosibirsk State Technical University, Russian Federation
Published: January 2022

The subject of research is double-speed asynchronous motors of the type produced by SPA ELSIB PJSC with two independent windings in the stator designed to drive the main circulating pumps of nuclear power plants as well as similar mechanisms in other sectors of the national economy. The article deals with specific issues of the full cycle of calculating the considered electric ma-chine. We propose a method of research on mutual influence of stator windings when the motor works based on the fundamental positions of the theory of electrical machines using numerical modeling. Also, a method of choosing an air cooler to be used in thermal calculation taking into account the features of the machine type under investigation is proposed. The research purpose is to optimize the full cycle of calculating a new motor of this type under development. This is due to the occurrence of additional heating in one stator winding due to the operation of the other, which increases labor costs caused by the need to take into account an additional heat source during thermal calculation. In addi-tion, the existing empirical dependencies do not fully reflect the entire physical picture of the ongoing processes. The originality of the research lies in the fact that based on the known provisions the algo-rithm for calculating the applied air cooler has been modified due to automation, which contributes to correct protection against thermal overheating effects. It is shown that by numerical modeling it is possible to minimize labor costs for determining the parameters taken into account in the subsequent thermal calculation that arise as a result of the mutual influence of the selected machine type stator windings. The research results are tried out in SPA ELSIB PJSC manufacture and presented by the motor specific example.
Diagnostic Capabilities of "Temporal Modality of Life Fulfilment" Questionnaire
Authors:   Tomsk State University (Tomsk, Russian Federation), Bredun Ekaterina V. , Shcheglova Eleonora A. ,   National Research Tomsk State University, Smeshko Evgeniya V. ,   National Research Tomsk State University, Shmer Tamara A. ,   National Research Tomsk State University
Published: January 2022

The paper presents a variant of the methodological technique to express diagnostics of peculiarities of temporal perception and person's attitude to time. The article presents the approbation results of “Temporal modality of life fulfillment questionnaire”, which allow to define ones' relation to time, time direction, time expansion, saturation by events, differentiation, and structure systems. The questionnaire consists of statements with closed type answers. The scales are based on the following characteristics: past, present, future, positive relationship, negative relationship, real representation of time, emotional (seeming) representation of time. We present the results of psychometric testing of our method. The paper discusses the results of a pilot study using the developed questionnaire. The participants of the research are first year students of bachelor, specialist and master programs. The study was conducted on TSU students in 2021. The sample size is 145 students (25 males, 120 females). We evaluated the questionnaire scales structure with exploratory factor analysis. Three factors were found. Factor 1 is the “Emotional fixation on events” scale. Scale scores demonstrate emotional relation to a time, devotion to illusory time perception. Factor 2 is the “Time of life-fulfilment realization” scale. Scale scores demonstrate time realization. It includes plans structuring, activity effectiveness estimation, experience accounting, realistic time perception. Factor 3 is the “Modal estimates balance” scale. Scale scores demonstrate present time perception wholeness. Time satisfaction allows to estimate ones subjective successfulness in time. Construct validity, conducted by correlation analysis with F. Zimbardo's questionnaire (ZTPI), shows convergence between time constructs, which allow concluding that author's questionnaire could be used for temporal time perception studies. Based on the results we argue the verification of “Temporal modality of life fulfillment” questionnaire and further studies of its reliability.
[RETRACTED] https://www.facebook.com/Regal-Keto-102716785654089 v1
Authors: not provided regalketodietpills
Published: January 2022

[RETRACTED]

This system includes natural elements that have been tested to paintings for weight reduction.
Intelligenter R&I-Austausch
Authors: Temmen Heiner , Argast Ulrich , Welke Richard , Theissen Manfred , Wiedau Michael
Published: January 2022

DEXPI – eine Initiative der drei großen Prozessindustrieunternehmen BASF, Bayer Technology Services und Evonik – will endlich das Kompatibilitätsproblem von CAE-Applikationen lösen. DEXPI (Data Exchange in the Process Industry) arbeitet dabei zusammen mit den führenden internationalen CAE-Firmen, der internationalen ISO-Community und Forschungseinrichtungen an Lösungen auf Basis der ISO 15926. Der erste große Meilenstein – der komplette, intelligente R&I-Austausch – ist nun greifbar nahe: Alle notwendigen Konzepte und Implementierungen basierend auf ISO 15926 liegen vor. Die CAE-Firmen arbeiten intensiv an entsprechenden Export- und Importschnittstellen. Ein erstes Software-Release ist für Anfang 2016 angekündigt.
Schwingungsdämpfung bei Industrierobotern
Authors: Neubauer Michael , Vieler Hendrik , Lechler Armin , Verl Alexander
Published: January 2022

The wish for shorter through-put times in the industrial production is connected with higher requirements on the dynamic of industrial robots. These are susceptible to vibrations due to the combination of serial kinematics, flexible gears and the drive-sided position control of the axes. In order to counteract this circumstance, an approach to reduce vibrations via semi-active damping is presented in this article. The potential of the method is demonstrated by means of a forward dynamic simulation.
5G and NOA
Authors: Kleppmann Nicola , Dommel Johannes , Wieruch Dennis , Erben Stefan
Published: January 2022

NAMUR Open Architecture (NOA) follows the concept of creating an Industry 4.0 world that stands beside the classical automation pyramid. In this concept, devices which previously only had a communication path within the OT world receive a controlled second communication path into the IT world, where NOA realizes monitoring and optimization applications. The challenge lies in retrofitting communication in brownfield plants, where a large fraction of field devices and many control devices currently only have analog and/or OT communication. In this paper we introduce 5G and the standards contain and show that these are a very promising path to retrofit communication from the OT to the IT world of NOA. This allows to retrofit NOA, but also forms the basis for future Industry 4.0 szenarios, in which the automation pyramid may be dropped.
Effiziente Navigation durch die Topologie industrieller Prozessanlagen
Authors: Berlet Andreas , Rückert Julius , Koziolek Heiko , Drath Rainer , Barth Mike
Published: January 2022

Verfahrenstechniker entwerfen industrielle Prozessanlagen mithilfe von Rohrleitungs- und Instrumentierungsdiagrammen (R&I). Heute analysieren Datenanalysten, welche  Anlagenstörungen auf Basis historischer Signaltrends diagnostizieren, diese komplexen Diagramme meist manuell auf Papier, was zeitaufwändig und fehleranfällig ist. In den letzten 15 Jahren haben Forscher daher mehrere Ansätze und Software-Werkzeuge vorgeschlagen, um diese Diagramme in maschinenlesbare Modelleumzuwandeln. Diesen Werkzeugen fehlt es jedoch an ausgefeilten Abfrageoberflächen und intuitiven Visualisierungen. In diesem Beitrag wird die TopNav-Methode für eine effiziente Navigation durch Anlagentopologiemodelle sowie deren Analysevorgestellt. Die Methode unterstützt die systematische Suche nach Elementen und Pfaden in Topologiemodellen und die Einspeisung der Ergebnisse in Analysewerkzeuge. In einer Anwenderstudie wurde eine bis zu 90-prozentige Zeitersparnis gegenüber der manuellen R&I-Analyse bei gleichzeitig deutlicher Fehlerreduzierung festgestellt.
Elimination von Mikroverunreinigungen aus biologisch gereinigtem Kommunalabwasser mittels kombinierter Membran- und Aktivkohleadsorptionsverfahren
Authors: Knopp Gregor , Yang Fei , Cornel Peter
Published: January 2022

Im vorliegenden Artikel werden verschiedene Verfahrenskonfigurationen auf Basis der Mikrofiltration und der Aktivkohleadsorption zur Elimination von Mikroverunreinigungen aus biologisch gereinigtem Kommunalabwasser untersucht. Beim PAK-Kontaktverfahren mit nachgeschalteter Mikrofiltrationsanlage wurden bei einer PAK-Dosis von 5 mg/l PAK-Aufenthaltszeiten von 12, 24 und 48 h erprobt. Längere PAK-Aufenthaltszeiten verbessern die Elimination; eine PAK-Dosis von 5 mg/l ist bei einer PAK-Aufenthaltszeit von 48 h für die Elimination einer breiten Substanzpalette um ≥ 80 % nicht ausreichend. Höhere PAK-Dosen konnten mit der eingesetzten Mikrofiltrationsanlage wegen Verblockung der Membran nicht realisiert werden. Vorgeschaltete Mikrofiltrationsanlagen haben keinen Einfluss auf die Elimination von Mikroverunreinigungen durch Aktivkohlefilter, allerdings erhöht eine weitgehende Suspensaentnahme den Abstand der Rückspülung von durchschnittlich 1,4 d auf 10,3 d. Höhere Leerbettverweilzeiten sind für das Erzielen eines höheren Abwasserdurchsatzes bei gleicher Zielstellung vorteilhaft: Für die meisten Mikroverunreinigungen wurden bei Leerbettverweilzeiten von 12,5 min die Kriterien von c/c0 = 0,05 und c/c0 = 0,20 i. d. R. nach einem deutlich höheren spezifischen Durchsatz erreicht. Die Auswertemethodik hat einen wesentlichen Einfluss auf die Interpretation des bevorstehenden Aktivkohleaustausches: Im Vergleich zu einer konventionellen Auswertung der momentanen Zu- und Ablaufkonzentration (c/c0) konnten bei einer integrierenden Betrachtung deutlich höhere Durchsätze ermittelt werden. Die Senkung des (filtrierten) CSB unter den Schwellenwert nach Abwasserabgabengesetz (AbwAG) von 20 mg/l war während des Versuchszeitraumes durch die Aktivkohlefilter gewährleistet.
In/Visibility in Social Media Work: The Hidden Labor Behind the Brands
Authors: Duffy Brooke Erin , Sawey Megan
Published: January 2022

Despite the staggering uptick in social media employment over the last decade, this nascent category of cultural labor remains comparatively under-theorized. In this article, we contend that social media work is configured by a visibility paradox: While workers are tasked with elevating the presence—or visibility—of their employers’ brands across Facebook, Twitter, Instagram, and more, their identities, and much of their labor, remain hidden behind branded social media accounts. To illuminate how this ostensible paradox impacts laborers’ conditions and experiences of work, we present data from in-depth interviews with more than 40 social media professionals. Their accounts make clear that social media work is not just materially concealed, but rendered socially invisible through its lack of crediting, marginal status, and incessant demands for un/under-compensated emotional labor. This patterned devaluation of social media employment can, we show, be situated along two gender-coded axes that have long structured the value of labor in the media and cultural industries: a) technical‒communication and b) creation‒circulation. After detailing these in/visibility mechanisms, we conclude by addressing the implications of our findings for the politics and subjectivities of work in the digital media economy.
Editorial: New Forms of Media Work and Its Organizational and Institutional Conditions
Authors: Laaksonen Salla-Maaria , Villi Mikko
Published: January 2022

This thematic issue explores the widening scope of media work and the institutional and organizational conditions that support new forms of media work. The media industry has undergone significant economic, structural, and technological changes during the past few decades, including changing patterns of ownership and digitalization of media production, distribution, and consumption. Simultaneously, practices of media work are adopted also in other industries. The 10 articles in the issue not only focus on the new professional roles and responsibilities emerging in the news media industry but also study the practices of media work in organizations in other fields, such as the music industry and public sector.
BORYS OLEKSANDRIV: MORAL TRAUMA IN THE SOVIET TIMES AND ITS OVERCOMING IN CANADA
Authors:   V. I. Vernadsky National Library of Ukraine, Solonska Natalia
Published: January 2022

The purpose of the article to draw the attention of scientists and the public to an extremely relevant modern social and scientific problem that requires a monographic study, in-depth historical, political and philosophical analysis, development of theoretical foundations to the problem of moral trauma caused by forced emigration. It examines the problem of moral trauma of Ukrainians who were forced to emigrate to Canada after World War II, highlights the conflict between the individual and the inhumane ethics of the Soviet regime, between the morals of its social system and man; who found herself in a situation of cardinal moral choice life and play, life and exile in concentration camps, but rather physical abuse, even death. The price of moral choice, which led to intrapersonal conflict, is analyzed. An attempt is made to explore the essence of the above problem; to reconstruct the conflict of opposing social morals, different points of view on determining the value of each individual's life and understanding this value on the example of his destiny, to analyze its sociologization, adaptation in a new foreign language environment, in Canada, a country with tolerant ideology; rethinking of moral and psychological guidelines by the settler. It is noted that the problem of moral trauma of emigrants, even in emigrant studies, an interdisciplinary science in its concept, the object of study of which is emigration, "homo emigrans – one of the anthropological types (human aspects), such as homo socialis, homo oeconomicus, homo religiosus, homo politicus" remains so far out of the attention of scientists. Given that the problem of moral trauma of emigrants is open in science and the fact that emigrant studies is an interdisciplinary science, it is proposed to allocate an independent scientific field ¬ moral emigrant studies. The moral trauma caused by forced emigration from the homeland is presented in the article on the example of the fate of the famous Ukrainian poet, translator, scientist, editor Borys Oleksandrov (real name Borys Oleksandrovych Hrybinsky (July 21, 1921, Ruzhyn, Zhytomyr region, December 21, 1979, Toronto, the author of five poetry collections, humorous and satirical works, signed under the pseudonym Svirid Lomachka, articles scattered in various Canadian Ukrainian-language periodicals, and together with Yu. Slovo was the head of its Toronto branch, a member of the presidium of the New York Writers' Organization, and for almost twenty years the director of five Toronto libraries.
PROBLEMS OF INTERNAL RESETTLEMENT IN UKRAINE (BASED ON THE INTERVIEWS WITH RESIDENTS OF VILCHA)
Authors:   National Technical University ", Telukha Svitlana ,   Kharkiv Polytechnic Institute"
Published: January 2022

The article focuses on the study of the consequences of the Chernobyl accident based on the method of oral history. The author emphasizes that the Chernobyl tragedy was a painful and traumatic experience for the residents of the contaminated radiation zone who lived around the Chernobyl nuclear power plant, who were forced to change their established way of life and move to a new place of residence. Based on the method of oral history, work and research of domestic and foreign authors, the article covers the history of Vilcha through the prism of the memories of its inhabitants displaced from Polissya district and relocated to Vovchansk district. The publication raises questions about the cities of memory of the people of Vilсha, the gender features of the memory and speaking of certain topics and stories, highlights the communicative memory of the people of Vilcha about the past and present. Attention is paid to topics that are important for understanding the true state of affairs and the reasons for resettlement, because the people of Vilcha were relocated in an unorganized and planned manner, together with other residents of the 30 km exclusion zone, they themselves demanded resettlement. The resettlement process itself, the difficulties faced by the new villagers and the various consequences of resettlement are described. Attention is paid to gender characteristics that are visible during interviews and ways of presenting memories. Women's memories and men's, as emphasized in the article are different, they tell their stories differently, women express more emotions, impressions, empathy with other participants in the event, describing in detail the situation and objects around them. Men's memories are quite concise, the characteristics are more accurate, specific, full of characteristics of technological processes, focus on processes and its details. A special place in the study is occupied by the places of memory that exist in Vilcha, and serve as a link in their stories between past and present and is a manifestation of the communicative memory of the villagers. After all, they are united by Poliska Vilcha, and visiting it is a certain «sacred ritual» that cannot be missed or canceled, because it is a native land that will remain so for the people of Vilcha forever.
JEWISH POGROMS OF THE LATE 19th – EARLY 20th CENTURY IN CONTEMPORARY UKRAINIAN HISTORIOGRAPHY
Authors:   National Technical University «Kharkiv Polytechnic Institute», Dvorkin Ihor
Published: January 2022

The article analyzes modern tendencies in Ukrainian historiography of XIX – and early XX century Jewish pogroms. General works on the history of Ukraine, special works devoted to anti-Jewish violence, and the study of the similar problems, that has been published in the last two decades, are considered. The general context of works, their sources, previous researches influence, conclusions of which the authors came, etc. are analyzed. Reading the intelligence on the pogroms, we can see, that the pogroms were largely the result of modernization, internal migration, the relocation to Ukraine of workers from the Russian provinces of the Romanov Empire and so on. Pogroms are also viewed in the context of social and revolutionary movements. That is, the violence, according to researchers, led to the emergence of Zionism. Also, Jews were actively involved to the left movement, while falling victim to extreme Russian nationalists and chauvinists - the Black Hundreds. We have special works dedicated to the pogroms of the first and second waves, which, however, are not so many. Their authors find out the causes and consequences of the pogroms, the significance of violence for the Jewish community and Ukrainian-Jewish relations, the attitude of the authorities and society to these acts of violence, and so on. Some Ukrainian historians research the problem of pogroms on various issues. Among them are works on the history of Jews from different regions of Ukraine, communities of individual cities, Ukraine as a whole; the history of the Ukrainian peasantry, the monarchical and Black Hundred movement in Ukraine, the revolutionary events of 1905-1907, migration processes in Ukrainian lands, the formation of modern nations, the life and work of prominent figures and more. The authors conduct full-fledged research using a wide source base, including archival materials, which, however, are often factual in nature. This is a disadvantage, because historians are "captured" by the sources on which they rely. We also have conceptual research that refers to a broad historiography of the problem, including foreign. These works often draw the reader's attention to a broader - the imperial, modernization or migration context. It is important, that researchers see actors of Ukrainian history in the Jewish population. Because of this, they are much less interested in the future of the Jews who left the Ukrainian lands than in the researchers of Jewish history.
Evaluation of Consumers Behavior, Knowledge, and Attitudes Around the Recommendation Not to Wash Raw Poultry
Authors:   , Vatral Christopher D. , Quinlan Jennifer Julia
Published: January 2022

In the United States, there are an estimated 47.8 million cases of foodborne illness each year. Salmonella and Campylobacter are leading causes of foodborne illness, and they are both commonly found on raw poultry. The food handling practice of washing or rinsing raw poultry is highly prevalent among consumers in the United States, and it presents a significant cross contamination risk. Previous educational campaigns have attempted to reduce the prevalence of washing raw poultry by educating consumers that washing raw poultry is not correct. There is limited information on how successful these previous educational campaigns have been in changing consumer behavior. In the research presented here, a national online survey was administered to 1,822 consumers in the United States via SurveyMonkey®. The survey sought to determine whether consumers wash raw poultry, and if they are aware of the correct behavior to not wash raw poultry. Consumers who indicated that they were not aware of the correct behavior were presented with the USDA's educational message online and then asked how confident they were that they could stop washing raw poultry. The survey also included questions to identify barriers that prevented consumers who were aware of the correct behavior from not washing raw poultry. Results found that 73.5% (n = 1340) of consumers reported washing raw poultry. Of those consumers, 68.8% (n = 920) indicated that they were not aware that the practice is incorrect. When these consumers were presented the educational message, 81.9% (n = 748) indicated that they were somewhat to very confident that they could stop washing raw poultry. Of the consumers who were aware of the correct behavior but continued to wash raw poultry, 58.4% (n = 244) reported that they continued to do so because they thought they cleaned surfaces well, and 47.1% (n = 197) thought they were careful not to splash when washing raw poultry. That is, consumers did not believe that their washing raw poultry was a risk for cross contamination. Data indicated that a large percentage of consumers are still not aware of the correct behavior to not wash raw poultry and a large subset of that group may easily adopt the practice if made aware of the correct behavior.
Role of CADM1 in Reducing Viability of Melanoma Circulating Tumor Cells
Authors:   , Oleksak Julia , Hartsough Edward J
Published: January 2022

Patients diagnosed with metastatic melanoma are faced with few treatment options that frequently result in therapeutic resistance and disease progression. Melanoma circulating tumor cells (CTCs) are particularly dangerous for their ability to reseed at distant organs from primary and metastatic lesions, thus increasing the overall tumor heterogeneity and potentially driving therapeutic resistance. Melanoma metastasis is associated with epithelial-mesenchymal like transitions including changes in expression patterns of cell adhesion molecules. Cell adhesion molecule 1, CADM1 - a single transmembrane protein with three Ig repeats and a short cytosolic tail, is a novel adhesion molecule implicated as a suppressor of metastatic traits in melanoma. Patients with high levels of CADM1 expression have improved overall survival, an effect that may be linked to a CADM1 associated non-adherent cell death - potentially reducing the viability of circulating melanoma tumor cells, and thus limiting tumor reseeding. Preliminary data indicate this phenotype is caspase-independent and exhibits features that parallel parthanatoic cell death: hyperactive poly (ADP)-ribose polymerase 1, PARP1, increased levels of poly-ADP ribose (PAR), and metabolic failure. Here we uncovered further evidence of canonical parthanatos including PARylation of the effector protein AIF. Additionally, through mutational analysis, we found the most distal CADM1 Ig repeat is required for eliciting cell death. Importantly, we also provide preliminary evidence suggesting that poly-ADP ribose glycohydrolyase inhibitors (PARG) - an enzyme involved in recycling PAR chains, thus counter-acting PARP1 activity, can augment CADM1 associated parthanatoic-like cell death. These data provide proof-of-concept for using PARG inhibitors to further stimulate CADM1 linked non-adherent cell death; an effect that may provide clinical benefit by reducing the viability of melanoma CTCs.
Atualizações sobre as Propriedades Medicinais do Óleo de Copaíba (Copaifera spp.): uma Revisão Bibliográfica
Authors: Aparecida Silva Lima Carla , Povoas Violante Ivana Maria , Kelvin Souza Alves William , Tavares Carvalho Fernanda , Da Silva Dias Naudia , Ramalho dos Anjos Tais , Raianne Nunes Calixto de Andrade Kethin , Zanini Frasson Ana Paula , Diniz dos Santos Marcelo , Tavares Carvalho Ricardo César
Published: January 2022

buscando assim a descoberta de novos fármacos que possam produzir efeitos semelhantes ou até mais efetivos quando comparados aos fármacos convencionais. A Copaifera spp. (copaíba) é uma planta da flora brasileira muito utilizada na medicina popular para dores e infecções pulmonares e urinárias. O objetivo deste estudo foi realizar uma revisão bibliográfica sobre o óleo de copaíba, no que se refere ao seu uso como fitoterápico, para tratamento e prevenção de patologias, além de discutir a importância das atividades farmacológicas da Copaifera spp., avaliando seu uso e eficácia. O óleo resina de Copaifera spp., obtido através de pequenos cortes na casca do seu caule, apresenta compostos químicos triterpênicos com diversas atividades farmacológicas, entre as quais as ações anti-inflamatória, cicatrizante, antimicrobiana, antiparasitária e larvicida frente a larvas de Aedes aegypti e Anopheles darlingi. A ação antiparasitária foi observada frente a Trypanosoma cruzi, Schistosoma mansoni e contra formas amastigotas de Leishmania amazonensis. Com base nisso, o óleo de resina de copaíba pode ser um potente candidato na concepção de produtos farmacêuticos para o tratamento de diversas doenças negligenciadas.
 
Palavras-chave: Copaibeira. Anti-inflamatório. Antimicrobiano. Cicatrizante. Antiprotozoário.
 
Abstract
There is a currently growing interest of the scientific community in the use of medicinal plants, leading to the discovery of new substances which produce similar or better effect than conventionally used drugs. Copaifera spp. (Copaíba) is a  Brazilian flora plant which is widely used in traditional medicine for the treatment of pain, as well as for  pulmonary and urinary infections,. This study aimed to carry out a literature review concerning the use of Copaíba oil, specifically concerning its  use in phytotherapy for the treatment and prevention of illnesses, in addition to discussing the importance of its  pharmacological properties by evaluating its  uses and efficacy. The resin oil of Copaifera spp., obtained through small cuts in the stem bark, contains triterpenes with various pharmacological properties, among which are anti-inflammatory action, wound healing, anti-parasitic and larvicide towards the larvae of Aedes aegypti and Anopheles darlingi. Anti-parasitic effect was observed against Trypanosoma cruzi, Schistosoma mansoni and against amastigote forms of Leishmania amazonensis. Thus, the resin oil of Copaíba may be a potent candidate for the development of pharmaceutical products for the treatment of various neglected diseases.
 
Keywords: Copaíba Tree. Anti-inflammatory. Antimicrobial. Wound Healing. Antiprotozoal.
Bilingual and study abroad college students’ attitudes on global and intercultural competence
Authors: Alfaro Gabriel , Paz-Albo Jesús
Published: January 2022

This research investigates bilingual and study abroad college students’ intercultural attitudes on their understanding of global competence at Universidad Complutense de Madrid (Spain). To achieve this goal, an ad hoc questionnaire was developed based on the OECD framework for global competence. A total of 203 college students (157 females, 46 males) participated in this study. Results suggest that students seek to understand others and demonstrate interest in how people from various cultures see the world, and they are able to explain global issues such as climate change and pandemics. In addition, female college students show a greater predisposition to discuss issues such as gender equality. These results highlight the importance of international mobility programmes to prepare students for an increasingly multicultural, global and interconnected society.
Confessional Diversity of the Far East: Past and Present
Authors: Dudarenok Svetlana
Published: January 2022

The section examines the main confession common in the Russian Far East, their history and current state. The evolution of state-church relations in Russia is traced and the features of the religious life of the Far East in various historical periods are noted. The activities of foreign missionaries in the Far East in the 1990s — 2000s are characterized. The reasons for the wide spread of non-traditional religions in the Far Eastern region in the post-Soviet period are formulated. Possible trends in the religious landscape of the Far East in connection with migration processes are determined.
Confessional Diversity of the Far East: Past and Present
Authors: Serdyuk Maria
Published: January 2022

The publication is devoted to the history of religion in the Russian Far East in the 17th — 21st centuries. The article considers the emergence and development of religious organizations and communities in the region, the formation of a multi-confessional population, the creation and transformation of church administrative structures, issues of relations between the state and religious organizations, interfaith relations. The historical features and characteristic features of the religious life of the Russian Far East are shown. The main stages of historical development and key events are noted.
Methods of Assessing Cattle Temperament and Factors Affecting it: a review
Authors: Smolinger Jože , Škorjanc Dejan
Published: January 2022

In animal husbandry, the herd should consist of animals that are well adapted to a particular environment, which allows a safe working environment and the achievement of optimal production and economic results. Animals react differently to both positive and negative factors of the environment. Individual response to novel situations can affect metabolism as well as various physiological systems. A number of biochemical characteristics can be used as markers for assessing temperament. Temperament can also be defined as a combination of characteristics or qualities that form individual distinctive character. In this review article, we present various methods of assessing cattle temperament, firstly, in environments familiar to the animal, such as the barn and milking parlor, secondly, in unfamiliar special rooms or arenas with special equipment and, thirdly, considering other possible effects on the expression of temperament. Measurement of stress markers in saliva, feces, and hair using noninvasive methods has also been described as one of the approaches to assess temperament. Knowledge of cattle temperament allows us to work safely, introduce appropriate adapted breeding technologies, and improve housing conditions, which, consequently, results in improved animal welfare.
Metadata standards in web archiving technological resources for ensuring the digital preservation of archived websites
Authors:   Universidade Federal de São Carlos, Formenton Danilo , Gracioso Luciana ,   Universidade Federal de São Carlos
Published: January 2022

Introduction:Digital preservation in Web archiving will only be possible with the effective use of metadata standards. These standards are the ones that determine the persistence, consistency, comprehensibility, the access,and representation of selected sites, collected and stored in Web archives, besides defining the archivability of sites and the interoperability among systems. Objective:In this context, the objective of the article was to identify and define which metadata standards could be judged by memory institutions and universities so that they could enable digital preservation in Web archives.Methodology:For this, a qualitative, exploratory,and descriptive research was done, using the bibliographic method from a non-systematic inventory together with a review and analysis of the literature content. The Dublin Core, MODS, EAD, VRA Core, PREMIS, and METS standards were selected and analyzed. Results and Conclusion:The analysis of the results indicates that Dublin Core, MODS, EAD, and VRA Core supported METS and PREMIS in detecting and documenting technical aspects of sites and proving their authenticity, context, and origin. METS can manage archived sites by acting as OAIS information packages, while Dublin Core proved to be an exponent for Web archiving through its use in remarkable area initiatives.
Potential Clinical Benefits of TDM of Antimicrobials in Japan
Authors: Ebihara Fumiya , Hamada Yukihiro , Maruyama Takumi , Kimura Toshimi
Published: January 2022

Under the Japanese health insurance system, medicines undergoing therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) can be billed for medical fees if they meet the specified requirements. In Japan, TDM of vancomycin, teicoplanin, aminoglycosides, and voriconazole, which are used for the treatment of infectious diseases, is common practice. This means the levels of antimicrobial agents are measured in-house using chromatography. This review describes personalized medicine based on the use of chromatography as a result of the current situation in Japan.
The role of organizational culture in normalizing paramedic exposure to violence
Authors: Mausz Justin , Johnston Mandy , Donnelly Elizabeth
Published: January 2022

Purpose Violence against paramedics is a complex – but underreported – problem. Extant research suggests organizational culture may play a role in sustaining cultural norms that downplay the significance and limit reporting. Our objective was to qualitatively explore paramedics’ experience with violence, with particular emphasis on understanding how organizational culture contributes to under-reporting. Approach We surveyed paramedics from a single, large, urban service in Ontario, Canada, asking participants to describe their experiences with violence, including whether – and why or why not – the incidents were reported. Within a constructivist epistemology, we used inductive thematic analysis with successive rounds of coding to identify and then define features of organizational culture that limit reporting. Findings A total of 196 (33% of eligible) paramedics completed the survey. Fully 98% of participants disclosed having experienced some form of violence; however only a minority (40%) reported the incidents to management, or the police (21%). We defined a framework within which a lack of support from management, and consequences for offenders, implicitly positions the ability of paramedics to “brush off” violent encounters as an expected professional competency. Disclosing emotional or psychological distress in response to violent encounters invited questions as to whether the individual is personally suited to paramedic work. Originality While the extant research has indicated that underreporting is a problem, our findings shed light on why – a critical first step in addressing what has been described as a serious public health problem.
Roles of Podoplanin in Malignant Progression of Tumor
Authors: Suzuki Hiroyuki , Kaneko Mika K , Kato Yukinari
Published: January 2022

Podoplanin (PDPN) is a cell-surface mucin-like glycoprotein that plays a critical role in tumor development and normal development of the lung, kidney, and lymphatic vascular systems. PDPN is overexpressed in several tumors and is involved in their malignancy. PDPN induces platelet aggregation through binding to platelet receptor C-type lectin-like receptor 2. Furthermore, PDPN modulates signal transductions that regulate cell proliferation, differentiation, migration, invasion, epithelial to mesenchymal transition, and stemness, all of which are crucial for the malignant progression of tumor. In the tumor microenvironment (TME), PDPN expression is up-regulated in the tumor stroma, including cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) and immune cells. CAFs play significant roles in the extracellular matrix remodeling and the development of immunosuppressive TME. Additionally, PDPN functions as a co-inhibitory molecule on T cells, indicating the involvement with immune evasion. In this review, we describe the mechanistic basis and diverse roles of PDPN in malignant progression of tumor and discuss the possibility of the clinical application of PDPN-targeted cancer therapy, including cancer-specific monoclonal antibodies, and chimeric antigen receptor T technologies.
Assessment of Water Resources in Sana’a Region, Yemen Republic (Study Case)
Authors: Aljawzi Alhasan Ahmed , Fang Hongyuan , Khailah Ebrahim Yahya , Abbas Abdullah A
Published: January 2022

Yemen is a water-scarce country with inadequate fresh water and considerable groundwater depletion, as well as a lack of adequate surface water. The study region is considered an arid region, and there is insufficient water to meet the needs of the region's yearly population growth rate of 4 %. This study aims to assess the water resources in the Sana'a region and to identify the current water situation and forecast for the future. Rainfall changes spatial and temporal in very few quantities and an annual average of 267 mm. Water harvesting facilities are entirely filled by 75% of the total water facilities in the rainy seasons. The groundwater level in Sana’a Basin decreases about 6-8 meters annually due to the increase in the number of wells, the abundance of abstraction, and the lack of recharge. The amount of abstraction exceeds 400% of the recharge in the Sana'a basin. The water per capita is 70 - 85 m³ annually. It is an abstraction from the aquifers by private wells. The crop cultivated area decreased from 184217 hectares in 2007 to 122583 hectares in 2018 due to lack of water. The sewage treatment plant treats 18.25 Mm³ annually, with less than 70 % efficiency. The water deficit is about 500 to 723 Mm³ annually; it is an abstraction from the aquifers by private wells. The current water situation in the Sana'a region is catastrophic, and the planning and management must ensure a water balance in the future.
Sustainability and the Digital transition: a literature review
Authors: Rosário Albérico , Dias Joana Carmo
Published: January 2022

The digital transition processes have demonstrated an enormous capacity to develop and implement sustainable solutions, which allow solving several problems such as poverty, high rates of species extinction and lack of equal opportunity. However, little attention is paid to the connection between the digital transition and sustainability. Thus, a systematic review of the bibliometric literature was developed to fill this knowledge gap and demonstrate the potential contributions of the digital transition to environmental, economic and social sustainability aspects. In environmental sustainability, the digital transition involves the application of technologies such as AI, big data analytics, IoT, and mobile technologies that are used to develop and implement sustainability solutions in areas such as sustainable urban development, sustainable production and pollution control. In economic sustainability, emerging digital technologies can drive transformation into the more sustainable circular economy, the digital sharing economy, and establish sustainable manufacturing and infrastructure design. In the digital transition to social sustainability, the studies analyzed demonstrate the need for multidimensional policy perspectives to address the current digital divide. For effective management of the digital transition that achieves sustainability goals, the study discusses alternative approaches that include innovation through experimentation, and dynamic and sustainable advantages achievable through temporary benefits.
The Town as Agrarian Dissipative Structure: Cash Crops in the Medieval Kingdom of Galicia
Authors: Teira-Brión Andrés , Constela Doce Xurxo , Sartal Lorenzo Miguel , Gil Agra Dolores , Rúa Carril Víctor
Published: January 2022

Towns emerged as dynamic economic and political centers during the Middle Ages, giving rise to the emergence of new social classes. As a result of these functions, a new relationship began to be forged with the rural world, which supplied towns with foodstuffs that satisfied new social demands. Archaeobotanical analysis (carpology) allows us to understand the flow of cash crops by tracing seeds and fruits produced in the countryside that were consumed in and redistributed from the towns. The study of waterlogged contexts from medieval archaeological sites in the Kingdom of Galicia (Santiago de Compostela, Padrón, and Pontevedra) has provided a set of species that played a crucial role in the economy of the urban dwellers and that possibly were related to differential access or food preferences. Evidence for fruits (grapes, chestnuts, figs, apples, and cherries, among others), garden crops (melon), and cereals (foxtail millet, rye, naked wheat, and oat) has been documented. Broomcorn millet is particularly abundant, demonstrating that it was important for subsistence. Some of the species found (medlar, turnip/grelo, and spinach) are novel in the archaeobotanical literature of the medieval period in the Iberian Peninsula.
Comparing Measurement Properties of the English EQ-5D-Y Three-Level Version with the Five-Level Version in South Africa
Authors: Verstraete Janine , Amien Razia , Scott Des
Published: January 2022

Objectives: The aim of this study was to compare the performance of the EQ-5D-Y-3L (Y-3L) and the expanded five level version, the EQ-5D-Y-5L (Y-5L). Methods: Children/adolescents with an acute or chronic health condition and from the general population completed the Y-5L and Y-3L self-report questionnaires. Performance of the Y-5L and Y-3L was determined by comparing feasibility, redistribution of dimension responses, discriminatory power, validity, and test-retest reliability. Results. Five hundred and fifty children/adolescents completed baseline measures and 173 completed repeat measures. The ceiling effect decreased by 15% from the Y-3L to Y-5L. Informativity of dimensions improved by 0.094 on the Y-5L. There was a range of 4-9% inconsistent responses moving from the Y-3L to Y-5L. Convergent validity of the Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) and Y-3L, Y-5L dimensions was similar, weak to moderate (rs range: 0.18 – 0.38) but similar and strong on paired Y-3L and Y-5L dimensions: Kendall Tau B (range 0.69 – 0.80) and Gamma (range 0.92 – 0.98). The Y-5L and Y-3L showed moderate to substantial agreement for test-retest reliability across dimensions and VAS scores in stable chronic health conditions and fair agreement for the general population. Conclusion: The EQ-5D-Y-5L is a valid, reliable extension of the Y-3L for children/adolescents across health conditions and healthy children/adolescents. The expanded levels reduced the ceiling effect. The relative informativity of report across dimensions increased on the Y-5L compared to the Y-3L with retention of the evenness of reporting. The convergent validity and test-retest reliability of the Y-5L was comparable to the Y-3L.
In Vivo and In Vitro Assessment and Proteomic Analysis of the Effectiveness of Physical Treatments in Reducing Allergenicity of Hazelnut Proteins
Authors: De Angelis Elisabetta , Di Bona Danilo , Pilolli Rosa , Loiodice Roberto , Luparelli Anna , Giliberti Lucia , Rossi Maria Pia , Macchia Luigi , Monaci Linda
Published: January 2022

Hazelnut is a widespread nut species, especially in Europe, that can be consumed raw or roasted, due to its pleasant taste and nutritional properties. Despite the renowned beneficial properties, hazelnuts contain several proteins capable of inducing food allergy in sensitized individuals such as Cor a 2 (profilin), Cor a 8 (lipid transfer protein), Cor a 9 (11S seed storage globulin, legumin-like) and Cor a 11 (7S seed storage globulin, vicilin-like). In the present paper we investigated the effectiveness of autoclave based treatments in decreasing the allergic potential of hazelnut as also assessed by submitting the treated material to in vivo skin prick test and to in vitro immunoblot analysis with sera of allergic individuals exposed to the treated food material. This preliminary analysis shows that autoclave treatment, preceded by hydration and/or followed by drying, seems to be a promising approach and appears to be effective in reducing the allergenicity of hazelnut in most patients, probably due to the denaturation of most major and minor allergenic proteins. This work will open to the opportunity to produce, in perspective, hypoallergenic hazelnut derivatives tolerated by the allergic subjects.