bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Darunavir-cobicistat versus lopinavir-ritonavir in the treatment of COVID-19 infection (DOLCI): A multicenter observational study
Authors: Elmekaty Eman Zeyad I. , Alibrahim Rim , Hassanin Rania , Eltaib Sitelbanat , Elsayed Ahmed , Rustom Fatima , Mohamed Ibrahim Mohamed Izham , Abu Khattab Mohammed , Al Soub Hussam , Al Maslamani Muna , Al-Khal Abdullatif
Published: May 2022

Background

Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) is an evolving pandemic that urged the need to investigate various antiviral therapies. This study was conducted to compare efficacy and safety outcomes of darunavir-cobicistat versus lopinavir-ritonavir in treating patients with COVID-19 pneumonia.

Methods and findings

This retrospective, multicenter, observational study was conducted on adult patients hospitalized in one of the COVID-19 facilities in Qatar. Patients were included if they received darunavir-cobicistat or lopinavir-ritonavir for at least three days as part of their COVID-19 treatments. Data were collected from patients’ electronic medical records. The primary outcome was a composite endpoint of time to clinical improvement and/or virological clearance. Descriptive and inferential statistics were used at alpha level of 0.05. A total of 400 patients was analyzed, of whom 100 received darunavir-cobicistat and 300 received lopinavir-ritonavir. Majority of patients were male (92.5%), with a mean (SD) time from symptoms onset to start of therapy of 7.57 days (4.89). Patients received lopinavir-ritonavir had significantly faster time to clinical improvement and/or virological clearance than patients received darunavir-cobicistat (4 days [IQR 3–7] vs. 6.5 days [IQR 4–12]; HR 1.345 [95%CI: 1.070–1.691], P = 0.011). Patients received lopinavir-ritonavir had significantly faster time to clinical improvement (5 days [IQR 3–8] vs. 8 days [IQR 4–13]; HR 1.520 (95%CI: 1.2–1.925), P = 0.000), and slower time to virological clearance than darunavir-cobicistat (25 days [IQR 15–33] vs. 21 days [IQR 12.8–30]; HR 0.772 (95%CI: 0.607–0.982), P = 0.035). No significant difference in the incidence or severity of adverse events between groups. The study was limited to its retrospective nature and the possibility of covariates, which was accounted for by multivariate analyses.

Conclusion

In patients with COVID-19 pneumonia, early treatment with lopinavir-ritonavir was associated with faster time to clinical improvement and/or virological clearance than darunavir-cobicistat. Future trials are warranted to confirm these findings.

Trial registration

ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT04425382.
Prior salpingectomy impairs the retrieved oocyte number in in vitro fertilization cycles of women under 35 years old without optimal ovarian reserve
Authors: Ho Cheng-Yu , Chang Yu-Yuan , Lin Yu-Hung , Chen Mei-Jou
Published: May 2022

Study objective

The impairment of the ovarian response in in vitro fertilization (IVF) cycles after salpingectomy remains contentious. Therefore, we investigated whether a history of salpingectomy affects the number of oocytes retrieved in women undergoing IVF in comparison with the number in women without underlying tubal disease.

Design

Case–control study (Canadian Task Force Classification II-2).

Setting

A tertiary hospital–affiliated fertility center.

Patients

Fifty-four women aged <35 years with a history of salpingectomy and 59 age-matched women without tubal disease.

Interventions

Gonadotropin-releasing hormone antagonist protocol for controlled ovarian stimulation and transvaginal oocyte retrieval.

Measurements and main results

The antral follicle count (AFC), anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) levels, and the number of retrieved oocytes were significantly lower in women with prior salpingectomy than in women without tubal disease. Day-3 follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) levels, total gonadotropin dosage, and stimulation days did not significantly differ between the groups. The indications of salpingectomy (i.e., hydrosalpinx and ectopic pregnancy) did not differ significantly in terms of ovarian response or reserve among women with salpingectomy history. A history of salpingectomy and other factors related to ovarian response in IVF, such as age, AMH, AFC, day-3 FSH, and total gonadotropin dose, were significantly correlated with the number of oocytes retrieved by univariate regression analysis. In the multivariate-adjusted model after controlling all the above-mentioned variables, only AFC and AMH levels continued to exhibit significant associations with the number of retrieved oocytes. In a subgroup analysis, the negative impact of prior salpingectomy on the number of retrieved oocytes was especially significant in women with suboptimal ovarian reserves (defined as AMH < 4 ng/mL), regardless of the indication of salpingectomy or whether salpingectomy was bilateral or unilateral.

Conclusion

A negative effect on the number of retrieved oocytes in the subsequent IVF cycle after salpingectomy is more likely in women aged <35 years with suboptimal ovarian reserve. Nevertheless, postsurgical AMH and AFC levels still possess a more direct predictive value on ovarian response than the history of salpingectomy.
Crafting comfort: Constructing connection during a pandemic
Authors: Rixhon Emma Louise
Published: May 2022

While the world has been in varying forms of lockdown due to a global pandemic, people have turned to fabric. This article explores how material crafts have provided individuals with tactile intimacy during a pandemic defined by isolation, drawing on ideas of touch and sewing as forming both metaphorical and literal connections. The act of crafting provides relief and comfort to the maker, through simple, repetitive actions defined by laws set by the desired product as well as the materials used. It also creates connection through gifting, solidifying bonds between people even when they are a minimum of 2 m apart. People, however, do not only share their crafts as gifts, but also as social media posts, generating online communities providing positive feedback. This phenomenon became so ubiquitous during lockdown that it became evident that people craved productivity during a time where all non-essential work was paused or confined to the home. Whereas crafts as hobbies are usually a separation from feelings of productivity, during the pandemic they became many people’s only means of feeling useful, providing another dimension of comfort and security in a time of instability and isolation. While the popularity of craft making may ebb and flow, this article demonstrates how its benefits are fundamental to human creativity and connectedness.
Female fashion in the Franco era and the Imágenes magazine programme
Authors: Melendo Ana
Published: May 2022

An analysis of the documentaries made for the magazine programme Imágenes in the historical archives of the NO-DO newsreels, used by the Franco dictatorship as an instrument of propaganda, can shed light on some important aspects of Spain’s recent history. The aim of this article is to demonstrate how these documentaries, which exhibit certain formal features suited to the spectator of their time, make fashion an effective instrument for conveying ideas of gender differences and female servility, self-denial and submission in a patriarchal regime.
The smiling politician: The visual rhetoric of party leaders on Swedish election posters
Authors: Johansson Bengt , Vigsø Orla
Published: May 2022

One of the most common ways politicians are portrayed in political advertising is with a friendly, smiling face to persuade the voters to cast their votes on him/her on Election Day. This archetypical image of politicians can be found around the globe even if research shows that smiling faces of politicians to some extent are connected to national and party culture. This article takes the theoretical point of departure in rhetoric and seeks to analyse the use of smile as a way to build ethos in relation to the electorate. The analysis builds on a dataset that consists of more than 3000 Swedish election posters from 1907 to 2019 and tracks the use of the smile as facial expression on posters to the late 1960s. Before that, politicians always put up a serious facial expression on posters. After the breakthrough, the smiling politician has become the dominant portrayal of Swedish politicians on election posters in contemporary politics. The explanation of this development is related to the personalization and intimization of politics, which to a large extent was due to the advent of television. However, a general questioning of authorities and a more equal society are probably also important drivers. There are signs of similar developments in other countries, but the authors call for more studies to validate the results.
Mechanisms Underlying Food-Triggered Symptoms in Disorders of Gut-Brain Interactions
Authors: Van den Houte Karen , Bercik Premysl , Simren Magnus , Tack Jan , Vanner Stephen
Published: May 2022

There has been a dramatic increase in clinical studies examining the relationship between disorders of gut-brain interactions and symptoms evoked by food ingestion in the upper and lower gastrointestinal tract, but study design is challenging to verify valid endpoints. Consequently, mechanistic studies demonstrating biological relevance, biomarkers and novel therapeutic targets are greatly needed. This review highlights emerging mechanisms related to nutrient sensing and tasting, maldigestion, physical effects with underlying visceral hypersensitivity, allergy and immune mechanisms, food–microbiota interactions and gut-brain signaling, with a focus on patients with functional dyspepsia and irritable bowel syndrome. Many patients suffering from disorders of gut-brain interactions exhibit these mechanism(s) but which ones and which specific properties may vary widely from patient to patient. Thus, in addition to identifying these mechanisms and the need for further studies, biomarkers and novel therapeutic targets are identified that could enable enriched patient groups to be studied in future clinical trials examining the role of food in the generation of gut and non-gut symptoms.
Una literatura en los trópicos. Ensayos de Silviano Santiago
Authors: Urrutia Fernández Miguel
Published: May 2022

Reseña del libro "Una literatura en los trópicos. Ensayos de Silviano Santiago" editado por Mary Luz Estupiñan & Raúl Rodríguez Freire.
Argentina-Brasil. De rivales a aliados. Política, economía y relaciones bilaterales
Authors: Morgenfeld Leandro Ariel
Published: May 2022

Toda América Latina mira hacia Brasil. El país que más tardíamente se convirtió en república y abolió la esclavitud. El extenso territorio de lengua extraña para los hispano-parlantes. El prodigio del fútbol y la exquisita música. La nación de la histórica pobreza extrema, el analfabetismo y la exclusión. Hoy, incluso con muchas características estructurales perviviendo, la imagen es otra. Brasil es una potencia, o aspira a serlo. Será el anfitrión de la próxima Copa del Mundo y, por primera vez, de los Juegos Olímpicos. Conformó con China, la India, Rusia y Sudáfrica el grupo BRICS. Aspira a lograr un asiento permanente en el Consejo de Seguridad de la ONU. Los intelectuales argentinos no escapan a la fascinación regional (y mundial) que ejerce el coloso del sur. El fenómeno de Brasil, y los caminos divergentes con Argentina, son materia de análisis de esta obra. Recurrir a la historia es fundamental para comprender a las dos naciones que marcaron la historia del Cono Sur. En este libro, Mario Rapoport y Eduardo Madrid se abocan a esa tarea. Trazar una genealogía de ambos países, comparar sus derroteros, analizar las relaciones bilaterales, cómo pasaron de ser rivales a aliados. ¿Cómo explicar que Argentina relegó su supremacía en el Cono Sur? ¿Por qué Brasil se transformó en una potencia regional, que exporta capitales hacia el resto de la región? ¿Qué tensiones existen en el Mercosur, la UNASUR y las otras instancias de integración regional? ¿Por qué Brasilia precisa a Buenos Aires para reafirmar sus pretensiones globales?
Entre las FARC y MST, entre la violencia en el campo y la policía del Estado en América Latina: diferentes aspectos de la historia del conflicto agrario en Brasil y Colombia
Authors: Alves Fernando Antonio
Published: May 2022

Este estudio tiene como objetivo dar una visión general de las principales luchas sociales en América Latina desarrolladas en los últimos años, particularmente en relación con disputas por la tierra, dando como resultado la aparición de dos movimientos históricos en las zonas rurales: el Movimiento de Trabajadores Rurales Sin Tierra - MST en Brasil y las FARC - Fuerzas Armadas Revolucionarias de Colombia. El objetivo del trabajo es establecer en qué medida estos movimientos surgieron en el contexto de los grupos sociales excluidos, que buscaban en el campo, a través de la lucha campesina, diversas formas de reivindicación de los derechos en diversas situaciones sociales, dando lugar a diferentes formas y diferentes grados de uso de la fuerza y la violencia en el campo. Por lo tanto, se discute hasta qué punto el conflicto social agrario dio lugar a una reacción de los poderes dentro de una realidad de clase durante un período de democratización de las naciones latinoamericanas, desde la perspectiva de los regímenes constitucionales, sentado en un Estado democrático, un policía del Estado anómalo, más que el ejercicio de los derechos fundamentales como la libertad de reunión y de asociación. Por otra parte, un proceso de creciente criminalización del MST en Brasil, como ocurre en los enfrentamientos entre el gobierno y las FARC en Colombia, contribuyendo a un proceso de militarización del aparato represivo del Estado, que no contribuye en nada al mantenimiento de la paz y la promover la inclusión social en América Latina.
Teologías de la liberación y movimientos sociales: Matrices de pensamiento crítico y articulaciones contrahegemónicas en la América Latina reciente, a partir del proceso social brasilero
Authors: Soto Oscar
Published: May 2022

El presente trabajo es un análisis de las Teologías latinoamericanas de la Liberación a partir de los aportes de la experiencia brasilera, (entendidas éstas como reflexión crítica sobre la praxis histórica de los pueblos oprimidos de América Latina) como proceso de articulación teórica, política y sociocultural contrahegemónica ligado a una tradición de prácticas de resistencia ancestrales en América Latina, que exceden ampliamente los ámbitos restringidos de la eclesialidad institucional religiosa, y contribuyen a generar un doble proceso teórico-práctico: Por un lado, la consolidación teórica de un Pensamiento Crítico eminentemente latinoamericano a partir de la resignificacion de categorías culturales, religiosas y sociales que contribuye a configurar una nueva subjetividad latinoamericana, un “sujeto histórico” latinoamericano; por otro lado, la organización de Nuevos Movimientos Sociales, como aporte significativo a la construcción de una “hegemonía popular desde abajo”, en tanto promueve el protagonismo de los “pobres” en la generación de poder propio y la lucha contra la legalidad dominante e injusta del modelo de acumulación capitalista.
Correlación entre IMC con el autoconcepto físico y apreciación corporal en personas mayores
Authors: Monsalve-Jaramillo Eliana , Cobo-Mejía Elisa Andrea , Botello-Garnica Jairo David , Botello-Garnica José Alejandro
Published: May 2022

El autoconcepto físico y la apreciación corporal como subdominios de la imagen corporal, entendiendo esta como un constructo complejo que incluye la percepción que tenemos del cuerpo y de cada una de sus partes, así mismo, del movimiento y límites de éste, que una persona posee sobre su propia habilidad y apariencia física, las cuales representan valoraciones propias que son interpretadas y proyectadas al exterior. Identificar la correlación entre el índice de masa corporal (IMC) con el autoconcepto físico y la apreciación corporal en personas mayores en la ciudad de Tunja-Colombia. Investigación cuantitativa de corte transversal, con una muestra de 312 personas mayores, se aplicaron las escalas Body Appreciation Scale (BAS) y Test de Autoconcepto Físico (CAF-MAY). Se realizó el análisis con el coeficiente de correlación de Spearman. Se observó que el IMC presenta una correlación negativa media estadísticamente significativa con el CAF-MAY. Así, se observa que en esta etapa de la vida predominan otros intereses relacionados con la funcionalidad como se evidencia desde el autoconcepto físico.
The Manifestations of Covid-19 Infection. Manifestations in Patients with Temporomandibular Joint Disorders
Authors: Machoň Vladimír , Levorová Jitka , Beňo Michal , Foltán René
Published: May 2022

The authors present a group of patients who were treated for exacerbation of temporomandibular joint disorders (TMD) following Covid-19 infection and who in the past had successfully undergone surgery of the temporomandibular joint (TMJ). The group consisted in total of 21 patients who relapsed after contracting Covid-19. There were 4 men and 17 women, the average age was 45.6 years (28–63). The most common complaint was pain. In all cases, the pain was located in the preauricular area, 4 patients had pain in the lateral side of the neck, 1 patient had pain of the nasal alae. During clinical examination, pain was present on palpation of the masseter muscle (19 patients), temporal muscle (4 patients) and the TMJ area (4 patients). In 4 cases, pain on palpation was present in the area of the nape and sternocleidomastoid muscles. Treatment in all cases was the same: thermotherapy, muscle relaxation massage and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. Symptoms subsided in all cases within 2 weeks. In light of the Covid-19 pandemic, it is also necessary to expect an increased number of patients with TMD. The authors recommend targeted patient histories regarding Covid-19 infection when examining patients with TMD symptoms – this will certainly facilitate determining the etiology of the pain.
Liposteroid Therapy for Idiopathic Pulmonary Hemosiderosis: A Scoping Review of the Literature
Authors: Saha Biplab K. , Milman Nils T.
Published: May 2022

Idiopathic pulmonary hemosiderosis (IPH) is a rare cause of diffuse alveolar hemorrhage (DAH). Glucocorticosteroids (CS) represent the first line therapy for IPH. Although most patients respond to CS, steroid refractoriness is seen in an appreciable minority of patients. This paper reviews and evaluates the efficacy and safety profile of liposomal dexamethasone 21-palmitate (liposteroid) for the treatment of IPH. Medline, Embase and Web of Science biomedical databases were searched between 1980 and 2020 to identify papers describing patients with IPH, who were treated with liposteroid. A total of five articles were identified. Four in the form of case reports and one as a case series. A total of 12 pediatric patients (5 boys, 7 girls) were identified, with a median age of 2.3 years (range 0.5–8.6). Liposteroid therapy in intravenous doses ranging 0.06–0.1 mg/kg body weight appeared to be effective for both remission induction therapy, and maintenance therapy. There was no mortality among patients treated with liposteroid, either in the acute phase or during follow-up. The majority of patients for whom long-term follow-up data were available, were cured or in disease remission. No acute adverse events were reported, and long-term side effects were minimal and tolerable. Liposteroid represents a potential alternative or supplement to conventional CS therapy, as it appears to be more efficacious and associated with fewer side effects. Larger prospective, controlled trials are necessary to be able to define more precisely the therapeutic role of liposteroid in IPH.
Evaluation model of multimedia-aided teaching effect of physical education course based on random forest algorithm
Authors: Liu Gang , Zhuang Hongbo
Published: May 2022

The multimedia technology and computer technology supported by the development of modern science and technology provide an important platform for the development of college physical education teaching activities. To better play the role of network auxiliary teaching platform in college sports teaching and improve the effectiveness of college sports teaching, the construction method of multimedia auxiliary teaching effect evaluation model based on the random number forest algorithm is proposed. Through the specification of the random forest algorithm and the optimization of the teaching quality evaluation index, the auxiliary teaching level of the college physical education network is analyzed, and the evaluation of the multimedia auxiliary teaching effect of the physical education courses is completed. The experimental results verify the effectiveness of the evaluation model designed in this article, with a user satisfaction of 72%. Teachers and students can use the evaluation model to improve the teaching quality and teaching efficiency, improve the management work, and promote the scientific, standardization, and specialization of physical education teaching management in colleges and universities.
The crystal structure of 4-(((3-bromo-5-(trifluoromethyl)pyridin-2-yl)oxy)methyl)benzonitrile, C28H16Br2F6N4O2
Authors: Lu Zhi-Qiang
Published: May 2022

C28H16Br2F6N4O2, triclinic, P

1
‾

$\overline{1}$

(no. 2), a = 8.0085(4) Å, b = 13.6578(7) Å, c = 14.1964(6) Å, α = 96.950(4)°, β = 105.376(4)°, γ = 106.772(5)°, V = 1400.32(12) Å3, Z = 2, R

gt
(F) = 0.0570, wR

ref
(F
2) = 0.1268, T = 293(2) K.
Gefühls- und Erfahrungstheologie als methodologische Basis der Religionswissenschaft
Authors: Zolotukhin Vsevolod V.
Published: May 2022

Der Beitrag ist dem Thema der Kontinuität zwischen Gefühls- und Erfahrungstheologie in der deutschsprachigen nachkantischen Denktradition auf der einen und der späteren Religionswissenschaft (vor allem vergleichender Religionsgeschichte und Religionspsychologie) auf der anderen Seite gewidmet. Das Hauptaugenmerk liegt dabei auf methodischen Veränderungen, die das Studium der Religion so empirisch begründet und „unparteiisch“ wie möglich machen sollen. Die durch Kant präzisierte protestantische Aufmerksamkeit auf die religiöse Erlebensweise stimmte mit den im europäischen Denkraum immer einflussreicheren Wahrheitskriterien der Naturwissenschaften überein. Die Betrachtung der Erfahrung im historischen und gesellschaftlichen Kontext führte zur Religionswissenschaft (Müllers Theorie versuchte die Frage zu beantworten, wie vielfältig sich der Sinn des Unendlichen in den unterschiedlichen Glaubensweisen und Traditionen gesetzmäßig widerspiegeln kann). Die Betrachtung der Erfahrung im Kontext der Entfaltung der individuellen Erlebnisse fand jedoch in der Religionspsychologie ihren Ausdruck (Vorbrodt versuchte den psychologischen und sogar den biologischen Hintergrund der Religiosität detailliert darzustellen, wie auch zu rekonstruieren).
Erfassen des Absoluten durch das Gefühl
Authors: Zhou Xiaolong
Published: May 2022

Das Verhältnis zwischen Fichtes WL (1801/02) und Schleiermachers Reden (1799/1806) wurde heftig diskutiert. Dieser Aufsatz hält den Einfluss von Fichtes Wissenschaftslehre auf Schleiermacher für nicht stichhaltig. Es wird darauf hingewiesen, dass es verschiedene Modelle der Beziehung zwischen dem Gefühl und dem Absoluten bei Fichte und bei Schleiermacher gibt: Fichte betrachtet das „Gefühl der Abhängigkeit“ vom Absoluten oder vom absoluten Sein als eine Selbstvernichtung der formalen Freiheit, während Schleiermacher zufolge das Individuum mit dem Absoluten im Gefühl vereinigt wird.
In-vitro anticancer profile of recent ruthenium complexes against liver cancer
Authors: Shahzad Khurram , Asad Mohammad , Asiri Abdullah M. , Irfan Muhammad , Iqbal Muhammad Adnan
Published: May 2022

Ruthenium complexes are considered as the most favorable alternatives to traditional platinum-based cancer drugs owing to their acceptable toxicity level, selectivity, variant oxidation states and ability to treat platinum-resistant cancer cells. They have similar ligand exchange kinetics as platinum drugs but can be tailored according to our desire by ligands influence. In the current study, we illustrate the in-vitro anticancer profile of some ruthenium complexes (2016–2021) against human hepatocellular carcinoma (HepG2). The anticancer activity of ruthenium complexes is determined by comparing their IC50 values with one another and positive controls. Fortunately, some ruthenium complexes including 3, 4, 6, 14, 15, 20, 42, and 48 exhibit surpassed in-vitro anticancer profile than that of positive controls promising as potential candidates against liver cancer. We also explored the structure-activity relationship (SAR) which is a key factor in the rational designing and synthesis of new ruthenium drugs. It covers the factors affecting anticancer activity including lipophilicity, planarity, area and bulkiness, the steric influence of different ligands, and electronic effects induced by ligands, stability, aqueous solubility and bioavailability to the target sites. The data reported here will provide strong support in the plausible design and synthesis of ruthenium anticancer drugs in the upcoming days.
Tracing Modification to Cortical Circuits in Human and Nonhuman Primates from High-Resolution Tractography, Transcription, and Temporal Dimensions
Authors: Charvet Christine J. , Ofori Kwadwo , Baucum Christine , Sun Jianli , Modrell Melinda S. , Hekmatyar Khan , Edlow Brian L. , van der Kouwe Andre J.
Published: May 2022

The neural circuits that support human cognition are a topic of enduring interest. Yet, there are limited tools available to map brain circuits in the human and nonhuman primate brain. We harnessed high-resolution diffusion MR tractography, anatomic, and transcriptomic data from individuals of either sex to investigate the evolution and development of frontal cortex circuitry. We applied machine learning to RNA sequencing data to find corresponding ages between humans and macaques and to compare the development of circuits across species. We transcriptionally defined neural circuits by testing for associations between gene expression and white matter maturation. We then considered transcriptional and structural growth to test whether frontal cortex circuit maturation is unusually extended in humans relative to other species. We also considered gene expression and high-resolution diffusion MR tractography of adult brains to test for cross-species variation in frontal cortex circuits. We found that frontal cortex circuitry development is extended in primates, and concomitant with an expansion in corticocortical pathways compared with mice in adulthood. Importantly, we found that these parameters varied relatively little across humans and studied primates. These data identify a surprising collection of conserved features in frontal cortex circuits across humans and Old World monkeys. Our work demonstrates that integrating transcriptional and structural data across temporal dimensions is a robust approach to trace the evolution of brain pathways in primates.

SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTDiffusion MR tractography is an exciting method to explore pathways, but there are uncertainties in the accuracy of reconstructed tracts. We broaden the repertoire of toolkits to enhance our ability to trace human brain pathways from diffusion MR tractography. Our integrative approach finds corresponding ages across species and transcriptionally defines neural circuits. We used this information to test for variation in circuit maturation across species and found a surprising constellation of similar features in frontal cortex neural circuits across humans and primates. Integrating across scales of biological organization expands the repertoire of tools available to study pathways in primates, which opens new avenues to study pathways in health and diseases of the human brain.
Long-Term Inactivation of Sodium Channels as a Mechanism of Adaptation in CA1 Pyramidal Neurons
Authors: Upchurch Carol M. , Combe Crescent L. , Knowlton Christopher J. , Rousseau Valery G. , Gasparini Sonia , Canavier Carmen C.
Published: May 2022

Many hippocampal CA1 pyramidal cells function as place cells, increasing their firing rate when a specific place field is traversed. The dependence of CA1 place cell firing on position within the place field is asymmetric. We investigated the source of this asymmetry by injecting triangular depolarizing current ramps to approximate the spatially tuned, temporally diffuse depolarizing synaptic input received by these neurons while traversing a place field. Ramps were applied to CA1 pyramidal neurons from male ratsin vitro(slice electrophysiology) andin silico(multicompartmental NEURON model). Under control conditions, CA1 neurons fired more action potentials at higher frequencies on the up-ramp versus the down-ramp. This effect was more pronounced for dendritic compared with somatic ramps. We incorporated a four-state Markov scheme for NaV1.6 channels into our model and calibrated the spatial dependence of long-term inactivation according to the literature; this spatial dependence was sufficient to explain the difference in dendritic versus somatic ramps. Long-term inactivation reduced the firing frequency by decreasing open-state occupancy, and reduced spike amplitude during trains by decreasing occupancy in the closed state, which comprises the available pool. PKC activator phorbol-dibutyrate, known to reduce NaVlong-term inactivation, removed spike amplitude attenuationin vitromore visibly in dendrites and greatly reduced adaptation, consistent with our hypothesized mechanism. Intracellular application of a peptide inducing long-term NaVinactivation elicited spike amplitude attenuation during spike trains in the soma and greatly enhanced adaptation. Our synergistic experimental/computational approach shows that long-term inactivation of NaV1.6 is a key mechanism of adaptation in CA1 pyramidal cells.

SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTThe hippocampus plays an important role in certain types of memory, in part through context-specific firing of “place cells”; these cells were first identified in rodents as being particularly active when an animal is in a specific location in an environment, called the place field of that neuron. In thisin vitro/in silicostudy, we found that long-term inactivation of sodium channels causes adaptation in the firing rate that could potentially skew the firing of CA1 hippocampal pyramidal neurons earlier within a place field. A computational model of the sodium channel revealed differential regulation of spike frequency and amplitude by long-term inactivation, which may be a general mechanism for spike frequency adaptation in the CNS.
A Single Valued Neutrosophic Extension of the Simple WISP Method
Authors: Stanujkic Dragisa , Karabasevic Darjan , Popovic Gabrijela , Smarandache Florentin , Stanimirović Predrag S. , Saračević Muzafer , Katsikis Vasilios N.
Published: May 2022

An extension of the Integrated Simple Weighted Sum Product (WISP) method is presented in this article, customized for the application of single-valued neutrosophic numbers. The extension is suggested to take advantage that the application of neutrosophic sets provides in terms of solving complex decision-making problems, as well as decision-making problems associated with assessments, prediction uncertainty, imprecision, and so on. In addition, an adapted questionnaire and appropriate linguistic variables are also proposed in the article to enable a simpler and more precise collection of respondents’ attitudes using single-valued neutrosophic numbers. An approach for deneutrosophication, i.e. the transformation of a single-valued neutrosophic number into a crisp number is also proposed in the article. Detailed use and characteristics of the presented improvement are shown on an example of the evaluation of rural tourist tours.
Neonatal Use of Acute Care Services During the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Westphal Kathryn , Basuray Rakhi Gupta , Keesari Rohali , Jackson Kenneth , Reber Kristina , Cacioppo Carrie , Splinter Ansley , Bode Ryan S.
Published: May 2022

OBJECTIVE

To describe changes in neonatal use of acute care services during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. We hypothesized neonatal visits would decrease and the degree of decline would vary by condition.

METHODS

We conducted a retrospective cohort study of neonatal visits to the urgent cares, emergency departments, inpatient units, and intensive care units at a free-standing pediatric healthcare system during the COVID-19 pandemic and a comparator period. We included visits of infants presenting for acute care within the first 30 days of life. Transfers from a referring nursery, inpatient unit, or ICU were excluded. Data collected included demographics, patient characteristics, and visit characteristics. Descriptive statistics and χ2 tests were used for analyses and to determine statistically significant differences.

RESULTS

We identified 4439 neonatal acute care visits, of which 2677 occurred in the prepandemic period and 1762 in the COVID-19 pandemic period, representing a 34.2% decline. Urgent cares and emergency departments experienced the greatest decline in visits for infectious conditions (49%) and the proportion of these visits also significantly decreased. Similarly, the largest clinically significant declines in hospitalizations were for infectious and respiratory diagnoses (48% and 52%, respectively) and the proportions of these hospitalizations also significantly decreased. Despite a small decline in hospitalizations for jaundice, the proportion of jaundice hospitalizations significantly increased by 5.7% (P = .02).

CONCLUSIONS

The COVID-19 pandemic was associated with a significant reduction in neonatal visits across a spectrum of acute care settings. The impact on use varied by diagnosis with the most notable decline in visits for infectious conditions.
Aula Invertida y Trabajo Cooperativo para promover Habilidades Cognitivas Superiores
Authors: Alvarracín Alvarez Aleida Monserrat , Guanopatín Jinéz Jorge Patricio , Benavides Herrera Patricio Vicente
Published: May 2022

Este artículo con metodología y enfoque cuantitativo y alcance descriptivo-correlacional recoge percepciones del alumnado sobre la aplicación del aula invertida y tradicional, y presenta el aporte de estos dos enfoques en el desarrollo de habilidades de pensamiento superior. La investigación ocurrió en marzo, abril y mayo de 2021. Se seleccionaron dos paralelos en una Institución pública de Quito, Ecuador, con estudiantes entre 16 y 18 años. Con 35 se aplicó el aula invertida y 29 trabajaron en el aula tradicional. Para recopilar información se utilizó un cuestionario con escala Likert, y otro con preguntas que midieron habilidades cognitivas superiores. Los datos recopilados recibieron un tratamiento con medidas de tendencia central y un análisis factorial de correspondencias múltiples. Los resultados revelan que el alumnado del aula invertida y tradicional tienen percepciones positivas respecto a los dos escenarios en que trabajaron. Sobre el desarrollo de habilidades cognitivas superiores del alumnado, los resultados sugieren ligeras ventajas en la habilidad de analizar y evaluar dentro del aula invertida. En la evaluación final, educandos del grupo aula invertida muestran 5.5 puntos sobre 10; estadísticamente mayor a los 4.7 puntos promedio que se observa en el aula tradicional. Los datos recopilados en la aplicación del aula invertida son la fortaleza de este estudio. Investigación que se suma a las todavía escasas fuentes bibliográficas que existen sobre esta temática en tiempos de la pandemia COVID 19.
Talleres de tesis en doctorados en Ciencias Sociales y Humanas, un estudio en universidades argentinas
Authors: Cruz Tamara , Fernández Fastuca Lorena , Wainerman Catalina
Published: May 2022

La tesis doctoral constituye un hito en la formación en investigación. Dadas las bajas tasas de egreso y los tiempos extensos de graduación en doctorados en Ciencias Sociales y Humanas, el objetivo de este estudio fue indagar la propuesta formativa del taller de tesis como dispositivo pedagógico para la formación en investigación en doctorados de la Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires. Se realizó un estudio cualitativo, descriptivo y exploratorio cuyo análisis de datos finalizó en 2019. Se trabajó con una muestra de seis doctorados y dieciséis entrevistas. Las estrategias de recolección fueron un análisis documental y entrevistas semiestructuradas a directivos y docentes de talleres de tesis. Se indagaron objetivos, ubicación curricular, contenidos y estrategias de enseñanza de los talleres. Tres de los doctorados ofrecen un acompañamiento prolongado en el proceso de realización de la tesis, desde la definición del planteo del problema hasta la elaboración de apartados específicos, se ofrecen desde el inicio de la cursada y se mantienen a lo largo del doctorado; las estrategias didácticas y las propuestas de actividades se orientan a transmitir el oficio de investigar. Se concluye que cuando se dan algunas características de las comunidades de práctica y se ofrecen de manera prolongada es posible que los talleres de tesis en este campo puedan constituirse en dispositivos pedagógicos para la formación en investigación. Futuros trabajos pueden ahondar en estas conclusiones y ofrecer mayor detalle al integrar otras áreas al análisis, como la observación de los talleres o las tasas de egreso doctorales y su vínculo con los talleres u otros dispositivos.
Dharmakīrti’s Sambandhaparīkṣā and Devendrabuddhi's Sambandhaparīkṣāvṛtti
Authors: Steinkellner Ernst
Published: May 2022

Dharmakīrti’s Sambandhaparīkṣā was already well known through its Tibetan translations and numerous quotations in Sanskrit before a newly found Sanskrit manuscript from Drepung monastery and Hideomi Yaita’s identification of the last three strophes in Sanskrit allowed for a new edition of the complete text. This Drepung manuscript also contains the commentary Sambandhaparīkṣāvṛtti hitherto ascribed to Dharmakīrti, but in this manuscript, and well acceptable, ascribed to his pupil Devendrabuddhi. To the critical and diplomatic editions of these texts, a new critical edition of the Tibetan translations of both is added, because Frauwallner for his edition of 1934 could use only the version of Narthang. Subject of Dharmakīrti’s work is the refutation of all types of relation (sambandha), including the relation of causality, that were assumed by various Indian philosophical systems to exist in reality. For Dharmakīrti these are not given in reality (vastutaḥ), but only conceptually constructed (kalpita). In the introduction the import of this refutation for Dharmakīrti’s logic is highlighted. Thereby a center-piece of the long history of Indian sambandha-reflections from Patañjali and Bhartṛhari onwards to Utpaladeva and Abhinavagupta is now available again in its original Sanskrit.
WIRELESS TECHNOLOGIES IN THE COMMERCIAL BUSINESS
Authors: Stojanov M.
Published: May 2022

Purpose: The main aim of this study is to review some widespread wireless technologies and the possible dimensions of their operation in the commercial business. Methods: The paper uses general and specific methods such as the descriptive method, situational and content analysis. Results: Wireless technologies are becoming a mandatory element in various situations of personal and business life. Their role is growing both in terms of information and communication exchange, but also in relation to the creation of new application areas for their use in business. Each wireless technology has certain physical specifics and characteristics that predetermine the field for their successful implementation and usefulness in trade. Conclusions: In the commercial business, wireless data and information transmission is a technological factor in accelerating the economic process and is an integral part of the digital transformation in the implementation of product exchange in both traditional physical and online store environments
Performance trade-off in high-rise office building envelope design
Authors: Naili Basma , Háber István , Kistelegdi István
Published: May 2022

The optimization of high-rise office buildings' envelope and the application of energy-efficient measures have become a priority nowadays. Therefore, this investigation aims to assess the role of the façade's geometry design factors, e.g., folded façade perforation, window orientation, and window-to-wall ratio on building comfort and energy performance. The energy simulations were performed using IDA ICE 4.8 thermal simulation program to evaluate the thermal and visual comfort and the energy consumption of various façade test models. The optimization resulted in a façade model with a great level of thermal and visual comfort as well as a total energy reduction of 14%, representing a good compromise solution in the trade-off between thermal and visual comfort as well as energy efficiency.
Dynamic modeling of a simply supported beam with an overhang mass
Authors: Alzghoul Mohammad , Cabezas Sebastian , Szilágyi Attila
Published: May 2022

The aim is to derive an expression to calculate the natural frequencies and plot the mode shapes of a simply-supported beam with an overhang with an end overhang point mass by using the Euler-Bernoulli theory in the case of free transverse vibrations. The results are validated by finite element analysis. The importance of the system presented is that it can represent machine tool spindles or even machining tools like boring bars. The results are in good agreement with the results from the finite element analyses. The derived expression can be used in optimizing the value of the point mass and optimizing the support location for better performance of the system without the need to perform complex analysis to obtain the values of the natural frequencies and to plot the mode shapes.
Elevational range extension of Drab Water Tyrant, Ochthornis littoralis (Pelzeln, 1868) (Passeriformes, Tyrannidae)
Authors: García-Loor Jefferson
Published: May 2022

The Drab Water Tyrant, Ochthornis littoralis (Pelzeln, 1868), is a small flycatcher occurring across lower Amazonia. Its usual habitat is the edges of rivers, and it is easily observed flying over sandbanks and among the trunks of fallen trees and branches. Here, I present a new locality in the Ecuadorian Andean foothills which represents a significant increase in this species’ elevational range from the Amazon lowlands. The new record is also from a previously unknown habitat for the species.
High Prevalence of Morphological Abnormality on Peripheral Blood Cells Among Patients in Public Hospitals, Southern Ethiopia
Authors: Aklilu Alemayehu
Published: May 2022

Introduction: Morphologically abnormal blood cells in peripheral blood of a person reflect underlying pathological condition affecting formation, function, and lifespan of these cells. A properly identified morphological defect in peripheral blood cells is important to manage anemia, leukemia and other disorders of blood. This study aimed to assess magnitude and severity of morphological abnormality in blood cells of patients with abnormal complete blood count in public hospitals found in southern Ethiopia. Method: A facility-based cross-sectional study was conducted from January 01 to March 31, 2019 among five public hospitals in Southern Ethiopia. Peripheral blood sample and socio-demographic data were collected from 423 patients with abnormal complete blood count. Thin blood smear was prepared by Wedge method, stained with Wright’s Stain, and examined under microscope by 1000X magnification to detect and characterize abnormality in blood cells’ morphology. Descriptive statistical analysis was done using Statistical Package for Social Sciences version 20.0, and results are presented in tables and figures. Result: Prevalence of blood cell morphological abnormality was 63.8%. From this, 21.8% is marked and 78.2% is moderate abnormality. In 41.9% of the affected patients, the defect involved at least two blood cell types mainly affecting red blood cells. Females (73.8%), children (70.1%) and elderly (82.1%) carried higher prevalence of the abnormality. Conclusion: High prevalence of abnormality in PBS morphology was observed, chiefly among female, children and elderly. Stakeholders should work to alleviate the high prevalence, with particular attention to women, children and old-age people.
La importancia de la comunicación previo y durante un siniestro, el caso de México
Authors: Gallegos Gamaliel
Published: May 2022

Este texto habla de la importancia que tiene la comunicación previa y durante un siniestro “el caso de México” concretamente, y enfocado sobre todo en la parte de los desastres naturales, entonces gustaría abordar justamente definir que es un desastre natural. Está el Centro Nacional de Prevención de Desastres, el conocido aquí en México como CENAPRED. ¿Cuál es su misión? salvaguardar en todo momento la vida, los bienes e infraestructura de la población mexicana a través de la gestión continua de políticas públicas para la prevención y reducción de riesgos de desastres por medio de la investigación, monitoreo de fenómenos perturbadores, así como la formación educativa y la difusión de la cultura de Protección Civil, con objeto de lograr una sociedad más resiliente que al día de hoy creo que es lo que más necesitamos, no solo en México, sino en todo el mundo.
Ropa de segunda mano, una tendencia con fuerza
Authors: FELACIO DIAZ VALENTINA , GOMEZ MURILLO DAYAN GERALDYNE , GOMEZ OSORIO MANUELA
Published: May 2022

Disminuir el impacto ambiental de la industrial textil es posible, usando prendas económicas, auténticas y de calidad
Sadomasoquismo, una práctica sexual que ha llegado a las principales pasarelas
Authors: FELACIO DIAZ VALENTINA , GOMEZ MURILLO DAYAN GERALDYNE , GOMEZ OSORIO MANUELA
Published: May 2022

El sado no solo hace parte de la intimidad, pues con el paso del tiempo se ha convertido en moda para la cotidianidad
Camino hacia la reinvención ecológica
Authors: RINCÓN ROJAS VALENTINA , RIAÑO ARÉVALO LAURA MARÍA , AVELLANEDA JIMÉNEZ ANGIE PAOLA
Published: May 2022

La diseñadora Ivón González a través de los zapatos, y no solo de las prendas, abre una valvula de oxígeno para que el diseño pueda respirar un nuevo aire
Moda generalizada sin fronteras de género
Authors: MATALLANA GOMEZ PAULA CATALINA , VARGAS FERNANDEZ PAULA DANIELA , GUTIERREZ QUEVEDO DIANA MILENA
Published: May 2022

Kaftan, una apuesta de diseño versátil e independiente
Moda sin género
Authors: RINCÓN ROJAS VALENTINA , RIAÑO ARÉVALO LAURA MARÍA , AVELLANEDA JIMÉNEZ ANGIE PAOLA
Published: May 2022

Las etiquetas se quedan atrás, Fabián Rodríguez reinventa la moda femenina y masculina
La moda más allá de un accesorio
Authors: GUEVARA GOMEZ ERIKA JULIETTE , DIAZ BARRIOS BARBARA  ELENA
Published: May 2022

Núni es la marca mexicana que busca transmitir a través de sus productos un mensaje que proteja a los indefensos
La vida en sinergia con diseño de moda y la filosofía Drag Queen
Authors: BONILLA RODRÍGUEZ NANCY PAOLA
Published: May 2022

El joven bogotano de 20 años, Juan Felipe Sierra Martínez, quien además es bailarín, modelo y actor, comparte su historia
Una mirada a través del lente de Camilo Espitia
Authors: MARTÍNEZ ZAPATA YINA ALEJANDRA , PALOMINO POVEDA MARIA ANTONIA
Published: May 2022

Un fotógrafo colombiano, influyente y reconocido internacionalmente por su trabajo en el mundo de la moda
El arte como un modo de expresión en la moda
Authors: VASQUEZ DARGIE LIZETH , CEPEDA CÁRDENAS ÁNGELA NATALIA
Published: May 2022

Luisa Ramírez, joven visionaria y fuente de inspiración para nuevos talentos
Universo Glam, transformado en un estilo musical y estético
Authors: CEPEDA CÁRDENAS ÁNGELA NATALIA , VASQUEZ DARGIE LIZETH
Published: May 2022

Más allá del cuero, flecos, labial o delineador, es una pasión por el hard rock y el heavy metal
Tribeco, la primera comunidad latina de moda sostenible
Authors: GUZMAN MENJURA LAURA DANIELA , CASTRO GUERRERO LIDA
Published: May 2022

El desarrollo consciente de la industria se traslada a la plataforma virtual de este ambicioso proyecto y sus modelos de aprendizaje
Miss Trapillo, una alternativa de productos sostenibles
Authors: CASTELLANOS ESPITIA NIKOLL JINNETH
Published: May 2022

Marca que quiere contribuir con el cuidado del planeta mediante la recolección de retazos y creación de productos únicos artesanales