bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
In-vitro Antidiabetic Activity of Xanthium strumarium L. Leaves
Authors: Shipra  , Kumar Vineet , Kumar Anil , Singh Bhanoo Pratap , Sharma Akanksha
Published: March 2024

Diabetes mellitus has become a major public health  and economic problem across the globe. The inadequacies, as well as  serious adverse effects associated with conventional medicines, led  to a determined search for alternative natural therapeutic agents. This  study aimed to evaluate the in-vitro antidiabetic effects of Xanthium  Strumarium L. Leaves Extracts. The % yield of acetone and ethyl  acetate extract was found to be 1.9% and 2.5% respectively.  Qualitative phytochemical tests confirmed the presence of alkaloids,  glycosides, saponins, fats and oils, and phenols in acetone extract  while alkaloids, glycosides, glycosides, saponins, steroids and  phenols were present in ethyl acetate extract. The in-vitro antidiabetic and antioxidant studies of the extract revealed that the  ethyl acetate extract of Xanthium strumarium L. leaves showed good  antidiabetic and antioxidant potential when compared with acetone  extract and significant with standard compound Acarbose.
A prospective study on the prescription pattern of Antibiotics and oral hypoglycemic drugs among Hospitalized patients with diabetic foot ulcers
Authors: Neena Kirubakaran E M , Selva Kumar k , Rishi Raaj K , Yogavigneshwaran C P
Published: March 2024

Diabetic foot complications encompass neuropathy, ischemia, and  infection-induced tissue breakdown. Individuals with diabetes carry  a 20% high susceptibility to foot ulcers due to neuropathy. These  ulcers, from peripheral neuropathy or arterial disease in diabetes  mellitus (DM) patients, can lead to necrosis and gangrene.  Importantly wound healing stands as the primary goal in treating  diabetic foot ulcers (DFUs), with meticulous glucose control and  suitable antibiotic administration.
“Liposomes - An Updated overview”
Authors: Sakshi  , Singh Ranjan Kumar
Published: March 2024

Due to their great biocompatibility, biodegradability, and  minimal immunogenicity, liposomes are now the most widely  employed nanocarriers for a variety of hydrophobic and hydrophilic  compounds that may be biologically active. Additionally, liposomes  demonstrated improved drug solubility and regulated distribution.  They also showed the ability to modify the surface of drugs for  targeted, extended, and sustained release. Liposomes can be thought  of as having developed from traditional, long-circulating, targeted,  and immunological liposomes to stimuli-responsive and actively  targeted liposomes based on their composition. More liposomes have  advanced stages in clinical trials, and many liposomal-based drug  delivery systems are currently clinically licensed to treat several  disorders, including cancer, fungal infections, and viral infections.  This review discusses the composition, preparation procedures, and  clinical uses of liposomes.
A Review on Cosmeceuticals
Authors: Bharatia Rakesh , Gupta Nidhi , Upadhyay Preeti , Tiwari Shivam Kumar , Gupta Shivangi , Sahni Kanchan
Published: March 2024

Due to their great biocompatibility, biodegradability, andminimal immunogenicity, liposomes are now the most widelyemployed nanocarriers for a variety of hydrophobic and hydrophiliccompounds that may be biologically active. Additionally, liposomesdemonstrated improved drug solubility and regulated distribution.They also showed the ability to modify the surface of drugs fortargeted, extended, and sustained release. Liposomes can be thoughtof as having developed from traditional, long-circulating, targeted,and immunological liposomes to stimuli-responsive and activelytargeted liposomes based on their composition. More liposomes haveadvanced stages in clinical trials, and many liposomal-based drugdelivery systems are currently clinically licensed totreat severaldisorders, including cancer, fungal infections, and viral infections.This review discusses the composition, preparationprocedures, andclinical uses of liposomes.
Innovative Vesicular Drug Delivery Systems: Unleashing the Power of Nanocarriers
Authors: Garg Sarita
Published: March 2024

"Drug delivery systems utilizing vesicular nanocarriers  represent a revolutionary approach in modern pharmaceutical  science. These innovative systems harness the potential of  nanotechnology to enhance therapeutic efficacy, improve drug  bioavailability, and mitigate adverse effects. Vesicular nanocarriers,  encompassing liposomes, niosomes, ethosomes, and transfersomes  among others, exhibit remarkable versatility in encapsulating diverse  pharmaceutical agents, ranging from small molecules to biologics.  Their unique structural properties and tunable characteristics enable  precise modulation of drug release kinetics, facilitating targeted  delivery and controlled release at the desired site of action. Moreover,  these nanocarriers offer inherent advantages, including increased  stability, reduced toxicity, and the potential to overcome biological  barriers, thereby revolutionizing the landscape of drug delivery. This  abstract explores the state-of-the-art advancements, promising  applications, and future prospects of vesicular nanocarriers, shedding  light on their transformative role in optimizing therapeutic outcomes  and paving the way for personalized medicine."
Optimizing Big Data Insights with Serverless Architecture
Authors: Manikandan M  , Haripriya V
Published: March 2024

Big data is the huge amount of data, which can be structured, semi-structured, or unstructured, that is required for current commercial processes. Big Data efforts and technologies are used to analyze large amounts of data in order to gain insights critical for strategic decision-making. Data size is constantly rising, reaching petabytes, exabytes, zettabytes, and even yottabytes, offering substantial management and processing issues. In practice, managing massive amounts of data involves several obstacles, such as server management, storage, clustering, and algorithm deployment. Manual intervention hampers the creation of successful Cloud-based data analysis platforms. Serverless computing provides a solution by offering clients pay-per-use backend services, reducing the need for users to manage server operations. This article describes a serverless architecture for large data analytics, including implementation, maintenance, and governance on Amazon Web Services (AWS). Furthermore, it investigates the differences between traditional and big data analytics in a serverless system
Adversarial Training and Robustness in Machine Learning Frameworks
Authors: Mrs. Sangeetha G  , Mr. Bharath K  , Mr. Balamanikandan S  , Mr. Bharath G
Published: March 2024

In the realm of machine learning, ensuring robustness against adversarial attacks is increasingly crucial. Adversarial training has emerged as a prominent strategy to fortify models against such vulnerabilities. This project provides a comprehensive overview of adversarial training and its pivotal role in bolstering the resilience of machine learning frameworks. We delve into the foundational principles of adversarial training, elucidating its underlying mechanisms and theoretical underpinnings. Furthermore, we survey state-of-the-art methodologies and techniques utilized in adversarial training, encompassing adversarial example generation and training methodologies. Through a thorough examination of recent advancements and empirical findings, we evaluate the effectiveness of adversarial training in enhancing the robustness of machine learning models across diverse domains and applications. Additionally, we address challenges and identify open research avenues in this burgeoning field, laying the groundwork for future developments aimed at strengthening the security and dependability of machine learning systems in real-world scenarios. By elucidating the intricacies of adversarial training and its implications for robust machine learning, this paper contributes to advancing the understanding and application of techniques crucial for safeguarding against adversarial threats in the evolving landscape of artificial intelligence
Hemodynamic aspects of compensatory reactions of human cardiovascular system in conditions of postural loads
Authors: Yukhymenko Liliia , Makarchuk Mykola , Korobeynikov Georgiy , Korobeynikova Lesia , Imas Yevgeniy , Kozina Zhanneta
Published: March 2024

Introduction

The aim of the work was to study the features of central hemodynamic reactions and regulatory mechanisms in persons with hypo- and hyperkinetic blood circulation and different physical status under postural loads.

Methods

The parameters of central hemodynamics and spectral characteristics of the heart rhythm were applied. Healthy men aged 18–21 years with different physical status were involved.

Results

Significant differences were established in adaptive reactions of people with different types of blood circulation and physical status in the conditions of postural loads. Adaptive reactions of central hemodynamics in individuals with the hyperkinetic compared with hypokinetic type of blood circulation in the head-up-tilt position were characterized by more intracardiac and vascular tension and less involvement of the higher vegetative centres. The surveyed persons with the hypokinetic type of blood circulation under these conditions were characterized by lower vascular activation and greater involvement of systemic extracardiac regulation mechanisms. The compensatory reactions of the cardiovascular system in the head-down-tilt position of people with the hypokinetic type of blood circulation, especially athletes, were characterized by a lower activity of the contractile function of the heart and the participation of extracardiac mechanisms of regulation, and those with the hyperkinetic type – by more prominent switching of the higher regulatory centres of the central nervous system and humoral nervous centres on the background of the tension of self-regulation processes.

Conclusions

The revealed features of compensatory reactions of the cardiovascular system may be useful in the field of clinical and sports medicine, and physical rehabilitation.
Vietnamese EFL Learners’ Production of English Lexical Stress
Authors: Lan Le Thi Diem
Published: March 2024

This study investigated the extent to which Vietnamese EFL learners were able to produce English stress patterns in words with two, three, and four syllables. Data were garnered from 45 participants studying at an English language center in the Mekong Delta of Vietnam. The results indicated that the participants exhibited different levels of competence in producing stress patterns across syllables of varying lengths. They demonstrated comparable proficiency in correctly placing stress on the penultimate and ultimate syllables in two-syllable words. However, it was observed that significant challenges arose in three-syllable words, particularly in accurately placing stress on the final syllable. Likewise, when it came to four-syllable words, the participants demonstrated a lack of proficiency in correctly placing stress on the pre-antepenultimate syllable. The study enhanced our understanding of the difficulties encountered by Vietnamese EFL learners in acquiring English stress patterns. It, therefore, emphasized the necessity of implementing focused instructional interventions to enhance the ability of EFL learners to produce stress accurately.
The Economic Contribution of Non-Timber Forest Product to the Community Income: A Case of Community Forest in South Sulawesi, Indonesia
Authors: nu Makkaren , Alam Syamsu , Maghfirah Wulan
Published: March 2024

A community forest is a forest area whose use is intended to promote community development and well-being. This research was conducted in order to determine the contribution of NTFP income to Community Forestry (HKm) areas, particularly in Rompegading Village, Cenrana District, Maros Regency, South Sulawesi. Using a method of purposive sampling, up to 25 respondents met the criterion of actively managing NTFPs. Using interview guidelines and questionnaires, respondents were interviewed. On the basis of previously tabulated data, descriptive analysis was performed. The study reveals that the varieties of NTFPs utilized by the community are palm sugar and forest honey, while rice and peanuts are cultivated. NTFPs contribute 56% of the total annual income of IDR1, 116, 270, 235 ((72001,8 USD), which includes income from both NTFPs and agriculture.
Controlling Screen Time for Children
Authors: S Vijayalakshmi , D Nithya Sri , A Swetha
Published: March 2024

In today's digital age, children's screen time is a growing concern. This project aims to develop a user-friendly solution for parents to manage and monitor their children's screen time effectively. The system offers personalized recommendations, a time banking system, real-time monitoring, and a user-friendly interface. The goal is to empower parents, foster healthier screen time habits, and ensure children's well-being, education, and social development in an increasingly digital world. The solution recognizes each child's uniqueness and promotes responsible screen time usage through dynamic recommendations. It seeks to strike a balance between technology's benefits and drawbacks. By fostering transparency and an intuitive user experience, this project equips families with a potent tool for navigating screen time challenges and promoting a balanced approach to technology use.
The Evolution and spurt in Greenfield Airports in India and their implications
Authors: Nagraj N. , Kumar Dr. R. Satish , Subrahmanyam V.V.
Published: March 2024

The construction and creation process of Airports can be classified as i. Greenfield Airports: These are the aviation facilities developed from scratch on vacant and/or developable land. ii. Brownfield Airports: These have Aviation infrastructure facilities available for `landing and taking off`` of aircraft; however, the facilities for passenger operations and/ or cargo handling are in- adequate to meet the current as well as future demands. These airports need substantial investments for improvements and modifications. Given the huge investments involved, the Government has been contemplating private participation in the aviation sector. Towards this, several policy changes were initiated. One of the important policy decisions has been the initiative to encourage Private participation in the construction, operation, and management of Greenfield Airports.The First Greenfield Airport in the true sense of the Public-Private-Participation (PPP) model was The Cochin International Airport which was operationalized during the year 1997. The impetus for this initiative came from the presence of a large number of immigrant populations in the tiny state of Kerala who spearheaded the movement for the establishment of a Greenfield Airport.
Machine Translation and Natural Language Processing
Authors: Mazi Chinedu Chukwuemeka , Anya Ogechi Ifeoma , Nwanakwaugwu Andrew Chinonso , Anichebe Gregory
Published: March 2024

Machine translation and natural language processing are powerful tools that allow for the automated translation of text from one language to another. Machine translation systems have evolved from rule-based systems to statistical and neural network-based approaches, with each approach having its own strengths and weaknesses. NLP, on the other hand, focuses on understanding the structure and meaning of natural language and includes tasks such as part-of-speech tagging, named entity recognition, and sentiment analysis. Thegoalofmachinetranslation,a subfield of natural language processing (NLP), is to create platform that translate text or speechautomatically.RBMT provides linguistic accuracy and control, but linguistic resources must be built and maintained meticulously. However, SMT makes use of large-scale parallel corpora to automatically learn translation patterns, making it adaptable to new language pairs and context-dependent translations.However, SMT may struggle with handling grammatical nuances and domain-specific vocabulary. Hybrid approaches combining the best of both RBMT andSMT and newer approaches like neural machine translation (NMT) are being explored to overcome the limitations and improve the quality of translation output.
Driver Drowsiness Detection System
Authors: S Mythili , M Y Fyzil Kani , Ahamed S Sameer , Salman Shaik
Published: March 2024

The Driver Drowsiness Monitoring System (DDMS) stands as a crucial advancement in automotive safety, specifically designed to mitigate accidents stemming from drowsy driving. Employing a sophisticated blend of sensors and advanced algorithms, it continuously monitors the driver's state, identifying signs of drowsiness in real-time. Key elements encompass infrared cameras, facial recognition technology, steering angle sensors, and biometric sensors such as heart rate monitors, collectively offering a comprehensive insight into the driver's behavior and physiological condition. The DDMS software meticulously analyzes data from these sensors, evaluating parameters like eye movement, blink frequency, facial expressions, and steering patterns. Upon detecting signs of drowsiness, the system promptly issues audible and visual alerts, thereby averting potential accidents caused by driver fatigue. Its adaptability to diverse vehicles and driving conditions establishes it as an indispensable tool for bolstering road safety, effectively curbing drowsy driving-related incidents.
Personal Growth and Habit Tracking
Authors: Prema Mrs A , R Mehasree , M Harini
Published: March 2024

In an increasingly fast-paced world, individuals are finding ways to enhance their personal growth and well-being. This abstract introduces a Personal Growth and Habit Tracker App designed to empower users to cultivate good habits, track their growth, and achieve their personal development goals. Whether it's building healthier habits, achieving fitness goals, improving mental well-being, or pursuing lifelong learning, this app serves as a valuable companion on the journey to self-improvement and fulfillment. The app represents a paradigm shift in self-improvement tools, leveraging technology to empower individuals in their pursuit of personal growth and well-being. By combining personalized growth plans, habit tracking, and a supportive community, this app aims to facilitate lasting positive change in the lives of its users.
An Examination of Teaching Methods for Grammar Instruction in Young Learners: A Comprehensive Review
Authors: Nhan Lam Ky
Published: March 2024

The study of grammar involves analyzing a language in order to understand its functioning and structure (Crystal, 1996, p. 6). The investigation of grammar has captivated individuals for numerous years, particularly within the realm of second language acquisition (SLA). Nevertheless, in recent years, some have grown unsure about its worth. As a result, several educational institutions have stopped teaching it, while others only teach it in a limited manner (Crystal, 1996; Ellis, 2002). Understanding grammar entails acquiring knowledge about the techniques for manipulating sentence components to convey a coherent and significant message. The teaching of grammar has undergone significant transformation, especially throughout the twentieth century. This review clarifies the methodologies used in teaching grammar. Its specific objective is to determine the most appropriate one for young students studying grammar. To achieve this objective, this study gathered and examined pertinent articles and literature, taking into account their recentness and characteristics. The approaches encompass deductive or classical, inductive or conversational, and eclectic methodologies. An advantage of the inductive approach is that it allows pupils to concentrate on the language by allowing them to establish their own rules prior to engaging in practice. However, the deductive approach is efficient since it follows a direct and concise technique, resulting in time savings. Ultimately, the eclectic approach empowers the teacher to employ a diverse array of activities derived from various linguistic techniques and approaches. However, the flexibility of utilizing numerous activities may hinder the teachers from adhering to a specific teaching style. Undoubtedly, due to being in their optimal stage of development, youngsters nevertheless require ongoing supervision and direction from their educators. Therefore, this research demonstrates that the logical method of instruction, encompassing not only grammar but also additional topics, remains the most effective for them.
AI Conversational Specialist: Crafting a Purpose - Driven Chatbot
Authors: Saranya Mrs. S. , S Arish , N Akilraj
Published: March 2024

In a time where digital interactions predominate, creating purpose-driven chatbots has become a crucial field of innovation. With a single goal in mind, this project presents the "AI Conversational Specialist," a painstakingly created chatbot. The chatbot demonstrates the effectiveness of machine learning and natural language processing in enabling insightful and productive dialogues by utilizing cutting-edge artificial intelligence techniques. The abstract explores the nuances of the development process, emphasizing the approach used to guarantee the chatbot's expertise in its assigned field. This project seeks to add to the rapidly changing field of AI applications by fusing cutting-edge technology with thoughtful design, offering a preview of the specialized conversational bots of the future.
Learning Style and Reading Performance of Grade 8 Students
Authors: A. Paypa Josephine , R. Miranda Precious Melodyfair , A. Emperador Emmylou
Published: March 2024

Every student absorbs and processes knowledge in a different way, which distinguishes each from one another. Some students may have a combination of learning styles. In order to apply a variety of teaching strategies that are ideal to accommodate all types of learners in the classroom, it is crucial for a teacher to understand the learning preferences of his or her students. This study was carried out to investigate the students’ learning style and reading performance, and determine if there is a significant correlation between the two variables. The VAT learning style, which stands for visual, auditory, and tactile, was the only focus of this study. This study employs a descriptive-correlational analysis of variables to discover whether there is a significant relationship between the two variables and to describe the variables. There were 72 Grade 8 students from Libertad National High School, Libertad Misamis Oriental, Philippines who participated in this study. The Learning Style Survey Questionnaire was utilized to determine the students' preferred learning styles, and three reading passages with a total of 30-item questions were used to determine the students' reading performance. In this study, the percentage and chi-square test were both employed to obtain the results. The findings indicate that the majority of students’ response is auditory. Regarding their reading performance, most students are at the instructional level. As the p-value of 0.6086 is greater than the 0.05 level of significance, the results showed that the student's learning style is not significantly related to their reading performance. Thus, a student's preferred learning style has no relation to how well they read. This implies that being an auditory learner does not guarantee that a student would excel in reading and become an independent reader. Future studies may thus employ different grade levels or concentrate on the two learning preferences—visual and auditory—to see whether there is a significant relationship between them and the students’ reading proficiency.
Vinsers’ Reviews: A Content Analysis of Selected Tiktok Videos with #Health
Authors: Tùng Phan Hoàng , Hải Đỗ Chí , Khuê Nguyễn Minh , Anh Bùi Nhật , Labang Abelgas Erica Mae , Panilaga Esmero John Kim
Published: March 2024

In recent years, social media has emerged as a ubiquitous channel that enables individuals to share their viewpoints and experiences on various subjects, including matters related to healthcare. Especially on TikTok, videos tagged with #Health have garnered a significant following, raising questions about how these videos are perceived by their audience. This study aims to provide an in-depth analysis of TikTok videos with the hashtag #Health. Specifically, this research decoded the themes presented in the selected 100 #Health videos, described their content, and checked their factual accuracy. Qualitative approaches such as content analysis, and qualitative observations were used to gather data. The study explored the themes presented in #Health videos, assess how viewers engage with these videos, and determine the accuracy of the information presented. A variety of themes are present in TikTok videos with the #Health. Most of the content has creative, informative, and educational presentations that capture the interest of viewers. However, some misinformation in these videos was encountered. Furthermore, this study recommends that additional focus be allocated to verifying the accuracy of the information provided in these videos.
La polisemia simbólica del culto mariano actual en Ayacucho
Authors: Ramos Marmolejo María Antonia , Rojas Orellana Félix , Taipe Huaraca Hibela Elena
Published: March 2024

Este estudio se propone analizar el arraigado culto mariano en Ayacucho, centrándose en las diversas representaciones de las vírgenes y sus atributos con el objetivo de desentrañar y comprender el simbolismo inherente a estas manifestaciones religiosas, así como investigar su impacto en la identidad religiosa, cultural y comunitaria de Ayacucho. Adoptando un enfoque etnográfico y hermenéutico, se llevó a cabo un exhaustivo trabajo de campo que incluyó el registro de 20 representaciones icónicas de la Virgen María, respaldado por entrevistas y un detallado registro fotográfico realizado en las iglesias de Ayacucho y sus distritos circundantes. En conclusión, se destaca que la Virgen María ha sido la fuerza motriz del desarrollo del culto mariano, representando un ícono cargado de una rica polisemia simbólica que abarca desde la concepción divina hasta la protección de los viajeros y la vinculación con el equilibrio hídrico y la fertilidad. Además de su significado religioso, la Virgen María cumple una función crucial como elemento cultural que cohesiona a los creyentes y perdura en la vida cotidiana de la población, estableciendo así una comunicación constante con este sagrado ícono.
UJI AKTIVITAS ANTIBAKTERI EKSTRAK BUNGA KECOMBRANG (Etlingera elatior) TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN BAKTERI Salmonella thypi
Authors: Nasution Pandapotan , Marpaung Jon Kenedy , Suharyanisa Suharyanisa , Sitanggang Rolastri
Published: March 2024

Kecombrang (Etlingera elatior) is a type of spice that has long been known and used by humans as medicine. Kecombrang flower parts contain several chemical compounds, namely: alkaloids, flavonoids, and saponins. In addition, kecombrang flowers can also inhibit the growth of Salmonella typhi bacteria. This study aims to determine the concentration of ethanolic extract of kecombrang flower (Etlingera elatior) which is effective in inhibiting the growth of Salmonella typhi bacteria. The research sample was Kecombrang Flowers purchased at the Tarutung traditional market. This research was carried out experimentally including sampling, drying simplicia, maceration using 70% ethanol solvent, making extracts made using a rotary evaporator, and testing the antibacterial activity of kecombrang flowers using the disc diffusion method. Data analysis was conducted to see the effect of kecombrang flower ethanol extract on the activity of Salmonella typhi bacteria. The results of the study found that the results of phytochemical screening showed simplicia and ethanol extract of kecombrang flower leaves contained alkaloids, flavonoids, and saponins. While the results of the antibacterial activity test of the ethanolic extract of kecombrang flower leaves have antibacterial properties against Salmonella typhi at extract concentrations of 45%, 50%, 55%, and 60% with inhibition zone diameters of 9.4 mm, 12.2 mm, 14.8 mm, respectively. , 16.3mm. The most effective concentration of ethanol extract to inhibit the growth of Salmonella typhi was at a concentration of 60% with a larger inhibition zone diameter of 16.3 mm.
Navigating Pediatric Diabetes, A Comprehensive Review of Current Approaches and Future Perspectives
Authors: Agwa R H , Othman Warda , Elwan Taher H. , Akl Usama , Mady Essam , Elwan Abdallah T. , Shatla Ibrahim M.
Published: March 2024

This comprehensive review delves into the multifaceted landscape of pediatric diabetes, providing an insightful exploration of current approaches and illuminating future perspectives in the management of this complex condition. The analysis encompasses an in-depth examination of prevalent treatment modalities, including insulin therapy, lifestyle interventions, and emerging technologies. Special attention is given to the unique challenges faced by pediatric patients, considering the dynamic interplay of developmental factors. The review underscores the importance of a holistic approach, integrating medical, nutritional, and psychosocial aspects of care. Furthermore, it sheds light on promising advancements in research and technology that hold the potential to revolutionize the pediatric diabetes landscape. As we navigate the intricate terrain of pediatric diabetes, this review serves as a valuable roadmap, guiding healthcare practitioners, researchers, and caregivers toward enhanced understanding and more effective strategies for improving the lives of young individuals affected by diabetes.
IS DIVERSITY A NECESSITY IN TODAY'S GLOBAL BUSINESS CONTEXT?
Authors:   Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, DE, Schoefer Stefan-Markus
Published: March 2024

What divides us pales in comparison to what unites us. This quote by Edward Kennedy is more relevant today than ever and should be taken to heart and implemented in economics. In today's world, companies are quickly faced with existential problems due to the often rapid changes in global markets. Technical and digital progress is leading to disruptive innovations in ever shorter periods of time, which are putting entire industries in existential difficulties. The extent to which diversity is important for the management of a company and its employees in order to survive in these challenging times will be explained below. The development of awareness of diversity in companies and the potential benefits that companies can derive from it is more relevant today than ever! In particular, the cultural imprint of people initially creates an image and an understanding of what is meant by culture is understood to be.
THE IMPACT OF BIG DATA ON HEALTHCARE PRODUCT DEVELOPMENT: A THEORETICAL AND ANALYTICAL REVIEW
Authors: Damilola Oluwaseun Ogundipe
Published: March 2024

The intersection of big data and healthcare product development has catalyzed transformative shifts in the industry, revolutionizing how medical solutions are conceptualized, designed, and deployed. This theoretical and analytical review explores the profound impact of big data on healthcare product development, elucidating its implications across various facets of the healthcare landscape. Utilizing big data analytics, healthcare stakeholders can harness vast volumes of structured and unstructured data to derive actionable insights. These insights inform evidence-based decision-making processes, driving innovation in product development pipelines. By analyzing real-time patient data, trends, and treatment outcomes, developers gain invaluable insights into disease progression, treatment efficacy, and patient preferences, thus facilitating the creation of tailored, patient-centric solutions. Moreover, big data analytics play a pivotal role in improving patient outcomes and quality of care. Through predictive analytics and machine learning algorithms, healthcare providers can identify at-risk populations, predict disease outbreaks, and personalize treatment plans. This proactive approach enhances preventive care strategies and minimizes healthcare costs by averting complications and hospital readmissions. However, the integration of big data into healthcare product development is not without challenges. Data privacy and security concerns necessitate robust frameworks to safeguard sensitive patient information. Moreover, regulatory compliance frameworks must evolve to accommodate the complexities of big data analytics while ensuring patient safety and data integrity. Despite these challenges, the potential of big data in healthcare product development is vast. By leveraging big data analytics, stakeholders can bridge gaps in healthcare access and equity, tailor interventions to underserved populations, and optimize resource allocation. In conclusion, this review underscores the transformative impact of big data on healthcare product development. By embracing data-driven approaches, stakeholders can drive innovation, enhance patient outcomes, and navigate the evolving healthcare landscape with agility and efficacy.

Keywords:  Big Data, Healthcare Product Development, Innovation, Patient Outcomes, Data Analytics, Regulatory Compliance.
Comic Images in Lithuanian Photography and Graphics of the 1970s-1980s
Authors:   State Institute for Art Studies, Yurgeneva A.L.
Published: March 2024

The article analyses the material of a series of comic photography exhibitions held from 1973 to 1981 in Vilnius. The author of the article considers the phenomenon of the interaction between Lithuanian photography and caricature in the context of Soviet culture and reveals the similarities and differences in the approaches to creating a comic effect emerging from documentary images. Comic photography demonstrates the ability to detect the unpredictable, standing out against the stable concepts of everyday life, or to see irrational signs accompanying a person in life. A drawing is born on a blank sheet; like a photograph, it is based on a real fact but has the freedom of interpretation in time and space, in building projections. It is emphasized that from the point of view of the audience’s reception, in a photo the very moment of shifting meanings is present, while in a caricature this stage is already overcome and the audience sees the result. For the artistic culture of the Soviet period, it was important to move away from standard thinking and applied purpose. This was especially significant for caricature and photography, which for a long time were in the service of ideology.
Jazz in Soviet Cinema. The Experience of Retrospective Analysis
Authors:   P.I. Tchaikovsky South Ural Institute of Arts, Rikker N.G.
Published: March 2024

The article is devoted to representation of domestic jazz in the Soviet feature silent and sound cinema in the period from 1926 to 1990. The author notes that jazz was becoming part of the plot of documentaries and feature films since its emergence in the USSR, but the accents in its image changed, and the genre nature of the movies evolved. There was a traceable shift from musical comedy to satirical pamphlet, from lyrical comedy to melodrama. Based on several dozens of examples of films where jazz sounds, the article shows the relationship between the ideological course of the Soviet state, the perception of the jazz performance specifics at different historical milestones, and the nature of its reflection on the screen. Thus, in the 1930s, jazz was synonymous with popular music and had a clear shade of humour and entertainment; in the late 1940s, it symbolized the ideological opponents of the country; and after the Khrushchev Thaw, it was considered an art, a kind of intellectual activity. In addition to the periodization of jazz cinema, the article provides a typology of films about jazz. The author presents a classification based on a set of qualities, such as maximum or minimum correlation of the plot of the film with jazz, participation of jazz musicians in it, and presence of a jazz soundtrack.
The Adventures of Road Workers (1974–1980): National Specificity of the Georgian Trio
Authors:   State Institute for Art Studies, Evallyo V.D. ,   Russian State University for the Humanities
Published: March 2024

The author focuses on a series of short films about road workers, created in 1974–1980 by different directors of the Georgia Film studio based on the scripts by Rezo Gabriadze. Despite the light comedic structure, each of the films in the cycle correlates with traditional art forms and is a kind of a parable about the important work of three friends who continue the work of their great ancestors in an already built-up world. This comedy cycle turns to the aesthetic foundations of Georgian cinema, which allows drawing conclusions about transformations in cinema, the processes of irony over the established film traditions, and nostalgia for the national cultural heritage. There is no large-scale epic background in the cinematic reality; it is introduced by a thin visual-semantic layer, paying tribute to national pride and history with the winding road surface, hills, endless fields, and the temperament of the characters. In the narrative and visual form, the three road workers can be interpreted as a homage to the Coward, the Fool and the Pro — the famous characters of Leonid Gaidai. With their undoubted masculinity, the Georgian trio paradoxically corresponds not only with Gaidai’s characters; it also represents a family where a strict ‘mother’ energetically raises a fidgety ‘child’ under the stern and gloomy gaze of a ‘father’. The spatial design of the filmic reality is dominated by road; most of the troubles happen when the characters consciously or forcedly deviate from the asphalt road itself. Overcoming the boundaries of this extended field, the characters find themselves in a moderately hostile world, salvation from which lies in returning to their road ‘Eden’.
Enhanced BERT Approach to Score Arabic Essay’s Relevance to the Prompt
Authors: Machhout Rim Aroua , Ben Othmane Zribi Chiraz
Published: March 2024

In recent years, automated essay scoring systems have seen significant progress, particularly with the integration of deep learning algorithms. This shift marks a move away from the traditional focus on style and grammar to a more in-depth analysis of text content. Despite these advancements, there remains a limited exploration of the essay’s relevance to the prompts, especially in the context of the Arabic language. In response to this lack, we propose a novel approach for scoring the relevance between essays and prompts. Specifically, our aim is to assign a score reflecting the degree of adequacy of the student’s long answer to the open-ended question. Our Arabic-language proposal builds upon AraBERT, the Arabic version of BERT, and enhanced with specially developed handcrafted features. On a positive note, our approach yielded promising results, showing a correlation rate of 0.88 with human scores.
Virtual Learning Environment for Respiratory Support: A Simulation-Based Approach to Asynchronous Recognition and Correction of Ventilation Issues
Authors: MESZYNSKI Sebastian , CZAJKOWSKA-MALINOWSKA Małgorzata , SOKOLOV Oleksandr , SOKOLOV Oleksii
Published: March 2024

The widespread utilization of medical ventilators, particularly during the COVID-19 pandemic, underscores the critical need for effective training in respiratory care. This paper introduces a web-based e-learning platform designed to simulate the complexities of mechanical ventilation systems, focusing on pressure mode control. The platform incorporates models representing various ventilation types, allowing users to manipulate crucial parameters such as IPAP (Inspiratory Positive Airway Pressure), EPAP (Expiratory Positive Airway Pressure), Ti (Inspiration Time), and BR (Breath Rate). By offering a realistic training environment, this system not only addresses the increasing demand for healthcare professional education but also facilitates effective monitoring and assessment of students’ progress by educators.
The Importance of Transferable Skills in Recruiting Researchers
Authors: Bestová Lucie , Krestová Terezie
Published: March 2024

Transferable skills are a key element in job vacancies and play an important role in the selection of new employees. Today’s job ads no longer emphasise only education, experience, and specific expertise. Employers also consider skills that are not tied to a specific specialisation and can be ‘transferred’ between different employers and sectors to be important. This paper focusses on the identification of the transferable skills most frequently requested in vacancy advertisements for researchers in the Czech Republic, their classification, and a comparison of these data with the results of a large survey conducted across the EU. The basis was an analysis of advertisements published on the Euraxess website by Czech institutions during a specific period in 2023. The ten most frequent skills were included in the further analysis and their frequency and relative frequency were examined. The proportion of advertised positions that included any of the skills analysed was also examined.
Analyse structurelle
Authors: KRYSANDER Mattias , FRISK Erik
Published: March 2024

Ce chapitre explore les méthodes de conception de systèmes de diagnostic basés sur des modèles mathématiques. Il examine l'analyse des diagnostics de défauts des modèles, la complexité croissante avec le modèle, et l'approche structurale pour les problèmes non linéaires à grande échelle. L'analyse structurelle évalue la détectabilité et l'isolabilité des défauts, aidant à placer les capteurs et à concevoir des détecteurs. Des outils informatiques, notamment une Toolbox MATLAB et Python, sont disponibles pour faciliter cette analyse. La formalisation de la détection et de l'isolation des défauts est discutée, suivie d'une exploration des modèles structurels et des algorithmes graphiques pour l'analyse de diagnostic.
Méthodes guidées par les données pour le diagnostic de défauts
Authors: SIMANI Silvio
Published: March 2024

Le problème d'identification de systèmes inconnus à partir d'échantillons de comportement est complexe car sa solution n'est pas unique et dépend des données. Les informations préalables sur le système facilitent l'identification en restreignant les modèles possibles. Les méthodes s'appuient sur des résultats algébriques et statistiques, notamment le schéma de Frisch, étendu aux systèmes dynamiques.
Caractérisation des dommages d’irradiation
Authors: GENTILS Aurélie , JUBLOT-LECLERC Stéphanie , SIMON Patrick
Published: March 2024

Ce chapitre présente les techniques de caractérisation les plus couramment utilisées pour étudier la microstructure des matériaux nucléaires endommagés par irradiation. Ces techniques, incluant la spectroscopie Raman, la diffraction des rayons X, la spectrométrie de rétrodiffusion Rutherford, et la microscopie électronique en transmission, permettent entre autres d’étudier les défauts ponctuels, le désordre global, la déformation élastique, ainsi que les défauts étendus induits par l’irradiation.
Éléments d’histoire
Authors: ANTONI Jean-Philippe
Published: March 2024

Ce chapitre est consacré à l’histoire de la ville et du développement urbain, des cités de l’Antiquité jusqu’aux métropoles du XXe siècle. Il étudie les principes de la ville classique et médiévale, la rupture de la révolution industrielle, les premières utopies urbaines et l’entrée des villes dans l’ère moderne des mobilités actuelles, qui implique de nouvelles réflexions sur l’urbanisme durable.
Espaces bâtis : les immeubles et les quartiers
Authors: ANTONI Jean-Philippe
Published: March 2024

Ce chapitre est consacré à l'étude des tissus urbains (rues, îlots, parcellaire et typo-morphologie bâtie). Il analyse les éléments caractéristiques de la composition des quartiers à travers la description des espaces bâtis et l’analyse des constructions en termes de forme (hauteur, alignement, disposition) et de fonction (habitat individuel ou collectif, commerces, mixte).
L’espace public, tout contre le transport ?
Authors: FLEURY Antoine , FRÉTIGNY Jean-Baptiste
Published: March 2024

Les auteurs explorent l’espace public en tant qu’il a été historiquement placé tout contre le transport, dans une relation faite d’interdépendance et d’ambivalence. Ce chapitre propose de repenser la place du transport dans le cadre plus large du partage des lieux où il se déploie.
Global and regional chemical influence of sprites: reconciling modelling results and measurements
Authors: Pérez-Invernón Francisco J. , Gordillo-Vázquez Francisco J. , Malagón-Romero Alejandro , Jöckel Patrick
Published: March 2024

Abstract. Mesospheric electrical discharges, known as sprites and formed by fast-propagating streamers, have been shown to create localized enhancements of atmospheric constituents such as N, O, NOx, N2O, and HOx, as indicated by both modelling results and space-based measurements. In this study, we incorporate the occurrence rate of sprites into a chemistry–climate model using meteorological parameters as a proxy. Additionally, we introduce the injection of chemical species by sprites into the model based on electrodynamical modelling of individual sprite streamers and observations from space. Our modelling results show a good agreement between the simulated sprite distribution and observed data on a global scale. While the global influence of sprites on the atmospheric chemistry is found to be negligible, our findings reveal their measurable chemical influence at the regional scale, particularly for the concentration of HNO3 and HNO4 within the mesosphere. The simulations also suggest that sprites could be responsible for the observed NO2 anomalies at an altitude of 52 km above thunderstorms, as reported by MIPAS. Finally, a projected simulation reveals that the occurrence rate of sprites could increase at a rate of 14 % per 1 K rise in the global temperature.
Loss of nitrogen via anaerobic ammonium oxidation (anammox) in the California Current system during the late Quaternary
Authors: van Kemenade Zoë Rebecca , Erdem Zeynep , Hopmans Ellen Christine , Sinninghe Damsté Jaap Smede , Rush Darci
Published: March 2024

Abstract. The California Current system (CCS) hosts one of the largest oxygen minimum zones (OMZs) in the world: the eastern North Pacific (ENP) OMZ, which is dissociated into subtropical and tropical regions (i.e. the ESTNP and ETNP). In the modern ENP OMZ, bioavailable nitrogen (N) is lost via denitrification and anaerobic ammonium oxidation (anammox). Even so, paleo-reconstructions of N loss have focused solely on denitrification. Fluctuations in bulk sedimentary δ15N over glacial–interglacial cycles have been interpreted to reflect variations in denitrification rates in response to ETNP OMZ intensity changes. This δ15N signal is thought to be transported northwards to the ESTNP OMZ. Here, we present the first CCS sedimentary record of ladderane lipids, biomarkers for anammox, located within the ESTNP OMZ (32° N, 118° W). Over the last two glacial terminations (∼ 160 kyr cal BP), ladderane concentrations were analysed in combination with the index of ladderanes with five cyclobutane moieties (NL5), short-chain (SC) ladderane degradation products, and productivity proxies. This shows that (1) ladderanes were derived from anammox bacteria living within the ESTNP OMZ water column; (2) ladderanes were continuously present, with relatively high concentrations during both glacial and interglacial periods, showcasing that the ESTNP OMZ must have retained an anoxic core in which N loss occurred; and (3) anammox abundance appears to have been driven by both organic matter (OM) remineralization and advection changes, which regulated nutrient and oxygen levels. Our study shows that anammox was an important feature in the CCS, and it provides a more holistic picture of N-loss dynamics and the development of the ESTNP OMZ over glacial–interglacial cycles. Lastly, ladderanes and their SC products were also detected in 160–500 kyr cal BP sediments (15.7–37.5 m b.s.f., metres below sea floor; analysed at a low temporal resolution), highlighting their potential as anammox biomarkers in relatively deeper buried sediments for future studies.