bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Randomized clinical trial of routine on-table cholangiography during laparoscopic cholecystectomy
Authors: Khan O A , Balaji S , Branagan G , Bennett D H , Davies N
Published: November 2010

Background

A randomized clinical trial was undertaken to assess the utility of routine on-table cholangiography (OTC) during laparoscopic cholecystectomy for gallstone disease.

Methods

Some 190 patients with a history of biliary colic or cholecystitis and a low predictive risk for choledocholithiasis were randomized to undergo elective laparoscopic cholecystectomy alone (99 patients) or elective laparoscopic cholecystectomy with OTC (91). Intraoperative findings and postoperative outcomes for the two groups were compared. The primary outcome measure was the incidence of common bile duct (CBD) stones.

Results

Of the patients undergoing OTC, ten had abnormal cholangiograms; three had CBD stones and seven had abnormalities without stones. OTC was associated with a significantly longer mean(s.e.m.) operating time (66(2) versus 54(3) min; P < 0·001), but there was no association between performance of OTC and postoperative morbidity. During a 1-year follow-up, no patient in the OTC group re-presented to hospital with recurrent biliary symptoms. In contrast, four of the patients allocated to surgery alone re-presented with symptoms suggestive of CBD obstruction; all settled with conservative treatment and the difference in readmission rate was not significant (P = 0·122).

Conclusion

Routine cholangiography in patients with a low risk for CBD stones does not seem justified from the results of this trial. Registration number: NCT00806780 (http://www.clinicaltrials.gov).
Laparoscopy-assisted gastrectomy in patients with previous endoscopic resection for early gastric cancer
Authors: Jiang X , Hiki N , Yoshiba H , Nunobe S , Kumagai K , Sano T , Yamaguchi T
Published: November 2010

Background

Some patients undergoing endoscopic resection for early gastric cancer need further surgical treatment to achieve cure. However, the influence of endoscopic resection on subsequent laparoscopy-assisted gastrectomy (LAG) remains unclear.

Methods

A total of 711 patients who underwent LAG were analysed retrospectively; 111 patients had undergone endoscopic resection previously and the remaining 600 had no history of endoscopic resection. Patient characteristics, operative and postoperative outcomes were compared between the two groups. Risk factors associated with postoperative complications were analysed.

Results

Duration of operation and blood loss were comparable between the two groups. Patients who had undergone endoscopic resection had fewer dissected lymph nodes and a lower rate of preservation of the coeliac branch of the vagus nerve, especially those who had LAG within 2 months after endoscopic resection. Early postoperative outcomes, including complications, gastrointestinal recovery and length of postoperative hospital stay, were not significantly different between the two groups. Previous endoscopic resection was not a risk factor for postoperative complications.

Conclusion

LAG can be performed safely even after endoscopic resection. Endoscopic resection might increase the difficulty of subsequent LAG, including lymph node dissection and preservation of the coeliac branch of the vagus nerve; however, it has little influence on early postoperative outcome.
KAT(ching) Metabolism by the Tail: Insight into the Links between Lysine Acetyltransferases and Metabolism
Authors: Albaugh Brittany N. , Arnold Kevin M. , Denu John M.
Published: November 2010

Post‐translational modifications of histones elicit structural and functional changes within chromatin that regulate various epigenetic processes. Epigenetic mechanisms rely on enzymes whose activities are driven by coenzymes and metabolites from intermediary metabolism. Lysine acetyltransferases (KATs) catalyze the transfer of acetyl groups from acetyl‐CoA to epsilon amino groups. Utilization of this critical metabolite suggests these enzymes are modulated by the metabolic status of the cell. This review highlights studies linking KATs to metabolism. We cover newly identified acyl modifications (propionylation and butyrylation), discuss the control of KAT activity by cellular acetyl‐CoA levels, and provide insights into how acetylation regulates metabolic proteins. We conclude with a discussion of the current approaches to identifying novel KATs and their metabolic substrates.
Incorporation of 2′‐Deoxy‐2′‐isonucleoside 5′‐Triphosphates (iNTPs) into DNA by A‐ and B‐Family DNA Polymerases with Different Recognition Mechanisms
Authors: Ogino Takaaki , Sato Kousuke , Matsuda Akira
Published: November 2010

Recently, α‐L‐threofuranosyl nucleoside 3′‐triphosphates (tNTPs) have been reported to be incorporated into DNA by DNA polymerases. Isonucleosides especially the 2′‐deoxy‐2′‐isonucleosides, would be considered regioisomers of α‐L‐threofuranosyl nucleosides. Therefore, we investigated the synthesis of 2′‐deoxy‐2′‐isonucleoside 5′‐triphosphates (iNTPs) having the four natural nucleobases and their incorporation into primer–template duplexes consisting of oligonucleotides containing natural 2′‐deoxyribonucleosides and 2′‐deoxy‐2′‐isonucleosides by using primer‐extension reactions. We found that Klenow fragment (exo‐; an A‐family DNA polymerase) has strict recognition of the shape of nucleoside 5′‐triphosphates and Therminator (a B‐family DNA polymerase) has strict recognition of the shape of primer–template complexes, especially two base pairs upstream of the primer 3′ terminus.
Design and Synthesis of Antifreeze Glycoproteins and Mimics
Authors: Garner James , Harding Margaret M.
Published: November 2010

Antifreeze glycoproteins are an important class of biological antifreezes that have potential applications in many areas of medicine, agriculture and industry in which ice crystal growth is damaging. While the synthesis of antifreeze glycoproteins as pure glycoforms has recently been achieved by using ligation and polymerisation strategies, the routine production of large quantities of pure glycoforms remains challenging. A range of C‐linked analogues that are readily produced by solid‐phase synthesis have delivered novel compounds that are not biological antifreezes, but are potent, non‐cytotoxic, ice‐recrystallisation inhibitors. Structure–activity studies, the identification of cyclic antifreeze glycoproteins and conformational studies have provided further insight into the requirements for antifreeze activity. These results, coupled with significant advances in approaches to the routine synthesis of different glycoproteins and mimics, present opportunities for the design and synthesis of novel ice‐growth‐inhibiting and antifreeze compounds.
Analysis of Metal Ion Dependence in glmS Ribozyme Self‐Cleavage and Coenzyme Binding
Authors: Klawuhn Kevin , Jansen Joshua A. , Souchek Joshua , Soukup Garrett A. , Soukup Juliane K.
Published: November 2010

The bacterial glmS ribozyme is mechanistically unique among both riboswitches and RNA catalysts. Its self‐cleavage activity is the basis of riboswitch regulation of glucosamine‐6‐phosphate (GlcN6P) production, and catalysis requires GlcN6P as a coenzyme. Previous work has shown that the coenzyme amine of GlcN6P is essential for glmS ribozyme self‐cleavage, as is its protonation state. Metal ions are also essential within the glmS ribozyme core for both structure and function of the ribozyme. Although metal ions do not directly promote catalysis, we show that metal ion identity and the varying physicochemical properties of metal ions have an impact on the rate of glmS ribozyme self‐cleavage. Specifically, these studies demonstrate that metal ion identity influences the overall apparent pKa of ribozyme self‐cleavage, and metal ion binding largely reflects phosphate oxygen affinity. Results suggest that metal ions take alternative roles in supporting the mechanism of catalysis.
Liquid Holdup in a Pilot‐Scale Turbulent Contact Absorber – An Experimental and Comparative Study
Authors: Haq A. , Inayat M. H. , Zaman M. , Chughtai I. R.
Published: November 2010

Liquid holdup in a turbulent contact absorber was determined experimentally. Experiments were performed in a 44.7 cm diameter Perspex column. Hollow spherical high‐density polyethylene balls were used as packing. The effect of liquid and gas velocities, static bed height, diameter and density of packing on liquid holdup was investigated for the range of gas velocities greater than minimum fluidization velocities. Also, the effect of gas and liquid distributors on liquid holdup was studied. Correlations for liquid holdup were developed and compared with those in the literature. It was observed that liquid holdup increased with the increase in liquid velocity, packing density, and the decrease in static bed height. Liquid holdup also increased with gas velocity when the gas distributor section was included, while no effect was observed for the bed. Lack of information on the contribution of liquid and gas distributors seems to be the logical explanation for the wide variation in data reported in the literature.
Partition Coefficients of Alkyl Parabens and Ibuprofen in Micellar Systems
Authors: Wille S. , Mokrushina L. , Smirnova I. , Arlt W.
Published: November 2010

The partitioning of alkyl parabens and ibuprofen in aqueous solutions of nonionic and ionic surfactants is studied experimentally and via a priori predictions using the COSMO‐RS model. The effects of organic (Bu4NBr) and inorganic (NaCl) electrolytes are examined. Addition of NaCl results in a slight increase in the partition coefficients of parabens in solutions of octylphenolpoly(ethyleneglycolether) and a more pronounced increase in the sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) system. The partition coefficients of ibuprofen increase on addition of NaCl to aqueous solutions of SDS and decrease if Bu4NBr is added to dodecyl trimethyl ammonium bromide (DTAB) solutions. Good agreement between experimental and calculated data shows a high potential of COSMO‐RS in the prediction of micelle/water partition coefficients in the presence of electrolytes and makes it a valuable tool in drug and drug‐carrier design as well as in optimizing micellar reactions or micelle‐enhanced separation processes.
On the Significance of the Anchoring Group in the Design of Antenna Materials Based on Phthalocyanine Stopcocks and Zeolite L
Authors: López‐Duarte Ismael , Le‐Quyenh Dieu  , Dolamic Igor , Martínez‐Díaz M. Victoria , Torres Tomás , Calzaferri Gion , Brühwiler Dominik
Published: November 2010

The synthesis of stopcocks based on zinc phthalocyanine for selective adsorption at the channel entrances of zeolite L is reported. The introduction of either an inert SiMe3 moiety, an imidazolium cation or a reactive isothiocyanate (NCS) group allows attachment to the channel entrances of zeolite L through van der Waals interactions, electrostatic interactions, or covalent binding, respectively. Stopcocks that rely on van‐der‐Waals‐driven adsorption require careful selection of the solvent used for the deposition onto the zeolite surface to avoid a nonspecific distribution of the molecules. Regarding the design of photonic antenna systems, a stopcock with a cationic tail was found to be the most convenient, based on the observation that efficient energy transfer from molecules located in the zeolite nanochannels is more readily obtained than in the other cases.
Brønsted Acid Catalyzed Cyclization of Hydroxylated Enynes: A Concise Synthesis of Five‐Membered Heterocycles
Authors: Ji Ke‐Gong , Chen Jin , Zhu Hai‐Tao , Yang Fang , Shaukat Ali , Liang Yong‐Min
Published: November 2010

A mild and direct pathway for the formation of five‐membered heterocyclic compounds from hydroxylated enynes has been developed. In this reaction, hydroxylated enynes were selectively transformed into five‐membered heterocyclic compounds 2, with an allene moiety at the 3‐position, in the presence of F3CSO3H (0.1 mol %). When R1, R2=Ph, diphenylvinyl‐2,3‐dihydro‐1H‐pyrrole (2 y) was obtained. With HSbF6 (5 mol %) as the catalyst, polycyclic skeletons 3 and 4 with adjacent stereocenters were obtained. When R1=H and R2=styrene, 1,3‐dienyl‐2,5‐dihydro‐1H‐pyrrole (6 as) was formed. This Brønsted acid catalyzed domino process involves the formation of an allene carbocation intermediate, which can be readily trapped by olefins to give various novel five‐membered heterocyclic skeletons.
Aromatic and Aliphatic CH Hydrogen Bonds Fight for Chloride while Competing Alongside Ion Pairing within Triazolophanes
Authors: Hua Yuran , Ramabhadran Raghunath O. , Uduehi Esther O. , Karty Jonathan A. , Raghavachari Krishnan , Flood Amar H.
Published: November 2010

Triazolophanes are used as the venue to compete an aliphatic propylene CH hydrogen‐bond donor against an aromatic phenylene one. Longer aliphatic CH⋅⋅⋅Cl− hydrogen bonds were calculated from the location of the chloride within the propylene‐based triazolophane. The gas‐phase energetics of chloride binding (ΔGbind, ΔHbind, ΔSbind) and the configurational entropy (ΔSconfig) were computed by taking all low‐energy conformations into account. Comparison between the phenylene‐ and propylene‐based triazolophanes shows the computed gas‐phase free energy of binding decreased from ΔGbind=−194 to −182 kJ mol−1, respectively, with a modest enthalpy–entropy compensation. These differences were investigated experimentally. An 1H NMR spectroscopy study on the structure of the propylene triazolophane’s 1:1 chloride complex is consistent with a weaker propylene CH hydrogen bond. To quantify the affinity differences between the two triazolophanes in dichloromethane, it was critical to obtain an accurate binding model. Four equilibria were identified. In addition to 1:1 complexation and 2:1 sandwich formation, ion pairing of the tetrabutylammonium chloride salt (TBA+⋅Cl−) and cation pairing of TBA+ with the 1:1 triazolophane–chloride complex were observed and quantified. Each complex was independently verified by ESI‐MS or diffusion NMR spectroscopy. With ion pairing deconvoluted from the chloride–receptor binding, equilibrium constants were determined by using 1H NMR (500 μM) and UV/Vis (50 μM) spectroscopy titrations. The stabilities of the 1:1 complexes for the phenylene and propylene triazolophanes did not differ within experimental error, ΔG=(−38±2) and (−39±1) kJ mol−1, respectively, as verified by an NMR spectroscopy competition experiment. Thus, the aliphatic CH donor only revealed its weaker character when competing with aromatic CH donors within the propylene‐based triazolophane.
ChemInform Abstract: Fabrication of Highly Ordered Porous Nickel Phosphide Film and Its Electrochemical Performances Toward Lithium Storage.
Authors: Xiang J. Y. , Wang X. L. , Xia X. H. , Zhong J. , Tu J. P.
Published: November 2010

Highly ordered porous Ni3P films are electrodeposited through a self‐assembled monodisperse polystyrene sphere template on a Cu substrate followed by heating the as‐prepared films at 500 °C for 1 h under Ar flow.
ChemInform Abstract: Enantioselective Aldol Reaction Using Recyclable Montmorillonite‐Entrapped N‐(2‐Thiophenesulfonyl)prolinamide.
Authors: Hara Noriyuki , Nakamura Shuichi , Shibata Norio , Toru Takeshi
Published: November 2010

Thienylsulfonylprolinamide (TSPA) immobilized on montmorillonite represents an efficient and recyclable organocatalyst for asymmetric aldol reactions.
ChemInform Abstract: Double 1,3‐Dipolar Cycloaddition of N‐Methyl Azomethine Ylide to Meta‐Dinitrobenzene Anellated with Nitrogen Aromatic Heterocycles.
Authors: Bastrakov Maxim A. , Starosotnikov Alexey M. , Pechenkin Sergey Yu. , Kachala Vadim V. , Glukhov Ivan V. , Shevelev Svyatoslav A.
Published: November 2010

The 1,3‐dipolar cycloaddition of a sarcosine‐derived unstabilized azomethine ylide to m‐dinitrobenzenes fused with nitrogen heterocycles is studied.
ChemInform Abstract: Deprotonative Metalation of Substituted Benzenes and Heteroaromatics Using Amino/Alkyl Mixed Lithium—Zinc Combinations.
Authors: Snegaroff Katia , Komagawa Shinsuke , Chevallier Floris , Gros Philippe C. , Golhen Stephane , Roisnel Thierry , Uchiyama Masanobu , Mongin Florence
Published: November 2010

The ability of various mixtures of lithium and zinc compounds to metalate aromatics, including heterocycles, is studied.
ChemInform Abstract: Reversal of Stereoselectivity in the Cu‐Catalyzed Conjugate Addition Reaction of Dialkylzinc to Cyclic Enone in the Presence of a Chiral Azolium Compound.
Authors: Shibata Naoatsu , Okamoto Masaki , Yamamoto Yuko , Sakaguchi Satoshi
Published: November 2010

The addition of dialkylzinc to cyclic enones can give the (R)‐ and/or (S)‐enantiomers using the same chiral ligand AZO but different Cu salts.
ChemInform Abstract: NbCl3‐Catalyzed Intermolecular [2 + 2 + 2] Cycloaddition of Alkynes and α,ω‐Dienes: Highly Chemo‐ and Regioselective Formation of 5‐ω‐Alkenyl‐1,4‐substituted‐1,3‐cyclohexadiene Derivatives.
Authors: Obora Yasushi , Satoh Yasushi , Ishii Yasutaka
Published: November 2010

The products can smoothly be converted into carbonyl derivatives.
ChemInform Abstract: A Concise Synthesis of (S)‐(+)‐Ginnol (VIb) Based on Catalytic Enantioselective Addition of Commercially Unavailable Di(n‐alkyl)zinc to Aldehydes and Ketones.
Authors: Hatano Manabu , Mizuno Tomokazu , Ishihara Kazuaki
Published: November 2010

The process utilizes non‐commmercially available dialkylzincs, which are freshly prepared from ZnCl2 and Grignard reagents.
ChemInform Abstract: Novel Iodine Reagent System for Regioselective Cleavage of Epoxides to Alcohols.
Authors: Telvekar Vikas N. , Rane Rajesh A.
Published: November 2010

This is the first report about a regioselective P2I4‐mediated reduction of epoxides to alcohols.
ChemInform Abstract: Ruthenium‐Catalyzed Aromatic C—H Activation of Benzylic Alcohols via Remote Electronic Activation.
Authors: Watson Andrew J. A. , Maxwell Aoife C. , Williams Jonathan M. J.
Published: November 2010

The catalysis comprises oxidation by hydrogen transfer of the alcohols to the corresponding ketones and a CH activation/alkene insertion step.
ChemInform Abstract: A Practical Protocol for the Highly (E)‐Selective Formation of Aryl‐Substituted Silylketene Acetals.
Authors: Harker Wesley R. R. , Carswell Emma L. , Carbery David R.
Published: November 2010

Slow addition of the ester (I) to a mixture of LiN(Tms)2 and TmsCl at 95 °C is found to allow formation of aryl‐substituted silylketene acetals with excellent (E)‐selectivity.
ChemInform Abstract: Aromatization of 1,3‐Cyclohexanediones Mediated by Bis‐(trichloromethyl) Carbonate/DMF System.
Authors: Liang X. R. , Shi F. , Chen R. E. , Su W. K.
Published: November 2010

A new application of the Vilsmeier reagent for the transformation of different 1,3‐cyclohexanediones into polysubstituted chlorobenzaldehydes is presented.
ChemInform Abstract: Direct Acylation of Aryl Chlorides with Aldehydes by Palladium—Pyrrolidine Cocatalysis.
Authors: Colbon Paul , Ruan Jiwu , Purdie Mark , Xiao Jianliang
Published: November 2010

A number of aryl chlorides undergoes direct acylation with various aldehydes under the optimized conditions shown.
ChemInform Abstract: Reaction of N‐Tosylated Imines with α,β‐Acetylenic Ketones via Organozinc Species.
Authors: Liu Yong‐Kang , Wu Quan‐Ping , Guo Qing‐Xiang , Xue Song
Published: November 2010

An efficient method for the stereoselective synthesis of functionalized trisubstituted olefins (V) (22 examples) via one‐pot three‐component reaction of imines (III) with α,β‐acetylenic ketones (IV) and organo‐zinc species (II) is developed.
ChemInform Abstract: 1‐Propanephosphonic Acid Cyclic Anhydride (T3P) as an Efficient Promoter for the Lossen Rearrangement: Application to the Synthesis of Urea and Carbamate Derivatives.
Authors: Vasantha Basavalingappa , Hemantha Hosahalli P. , Sureshbabu Vommina V.
Published: November 2010

A convenient procedure is presented for the conversion of aromatic acids and amino acids into hydroxamates using T3P as activator.
ChemInform Abstract: Novel Synthetic Methodologies. Part 202. An Efficient Multicomponent Synthesis of Polysubstituted Pyrrolidines and Tetrahydropyrimidines Starting Directly from Nitro Compounds in Water.
Authors: Das Biswanath , Shinde Digambar Balaji , Kanth Boddu Shashi , Satyalakshmi Gandham
Published: November 2010

The reaction of acetylenedicarboxylates, nitrobenzenes and formaldehyde results in formation of pyrrolidinediones or tetrahydropyrimidines depending on the amounts of nitroarenes used.
ChemInform Abstract: Montmorillonite K10: Catalyst for Friedel—Crafts Alkylation of Indoles and Pyrrole with Nitroalkenes under Solventless Conditions.
Authors: An Li‐Tao , Zhang Li‐Li , Zou Jian‐Ping , Zhang Guang‐Liang
Published: November 2010

The green catalyst montmorillonite K10 can be reused three times without considerable loss of activity.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis and in vitro Evaluation of N‐Alkyl‐3‐hydroxy‐3‐ (2‐imino‐3‐methyl‐5‐oxoimidazolidin‐4‐yl)indolin‐2‐one Analogues as Potential Anticancer Agents.
Authors: Penthala Narsimha Reddy , Yerramreddy Thirupathi Reddy , Madadi Nikhil Reddy , Crooks Peter A.
Published: November 2010

Newly synthesized title compounds (III) are evaluated for in vitro cytotoxicity against a panel of 57 human tumor cell lines.
ChemInform Abstract: Switching the Reaction Mode of 4‐Methoxycarbonyl‐4‐chloro‐5‐spirocyclopropaneisoxazolidines by N‐Aryl Substitution.
Authors: Cicchi Stefano , Revuelta Julia , Objartel Ina , de Meijere Armin , Brandi Alberto
Published: November 2010

1,3‐Dipolar cycloaddition of N‐aryl substituted nitrones with 2‐chlorocyclopropylideneacetate forms unstable isoxazolidines which undergo an unprecedented rearrangement to yield tetrahydropyridones instead of the expected δ‐lactams.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of a New Series of Quinolinyl Chalcones as Anticancer and Antiinflammatory Agents
Authors: Kotra Vijay , Ganapaty S. , Adapa Srinivas R.
Published: November 2010

20 examples
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of Imidazo[1,2‐a]pyridines via Three‐Component Reaction of 2‐Aminopyridines, Aldehydes and Alkynes.
Authors: Liu Ping , Fang Li‐song , Lei Xinsheng , Lin Guo‐qiang
Published: November 2010

The novel Cu‐catalyzed approach tolerates a variety of functionalities at the substrates.
ChemInform Abstract: One‐Pot Double Suzuki Couplings of Dichloropyrimidines.
Authors: Anderson Samantha C. , Handy Scott T.
Published: November 2010

Reaction conditions are developed for a sequential Suzuki coupling of substrate (I) with 2 different arylboronic acids which allow the synthesis of diarylated pyrimidines in a one‐pot manner.
ChemInform Abstract: One‐Step Synthesis of Quinazolino[3,2‐a]quinazolinones via Palladium‐Catalyzed Domino Addition/Carboxamidation Reactions.
Authors: Zeng Fanlong , Alper Howard
Published: November 2010

A novel and highly efficient method to prepare biologically important title compounds is reported.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of New Pyrazolo[1.5.4‐de]quinoxalines.
Authors: Boutayeb Mohammed , El Imadi Soufiane , Benchidmi Mohammed , Essassi El Mokhtar , Es‐Safi Nour‐Eddine , El Ammari Lahcen
Published: November 2010

The initiatory heterocyclization yields regioselectively the novel pyrazolo[1,5,4‐de]quinoxaline (III) whose bromination followed by nucleophilic substitution gives the new tetracyclic system (VII).
ChemInform Abstract: A Convenient Iron‐Catalyzed Method for the Preparation of 1,2‐Bis(trimethylsilyl)benzenes.
Authors: Bader Samuel L. , Kessler Simon N. , Wegner Hermann A.
Published: November 2010

The procedure affords the target compounds in improved yields compared to standard Grignard reagents.
ChemInform Abstract: Facile One‐Pot Synthesis of Ferrocene‐Based Spiropyrrolidines and Pyrrolizidines Through 1,3‐Dipolar Cycloaddition Reaction.
Authors: Babu A. R. Suresh , Raghunathan R.
Published: November 2010

Hitherto unknown title compounds, e.g. (IV) and (VI), are prepared by 1,3‐dipolar cycloaddition of azomethine ylides, generated from acenaphthalene quinone (II) with amino acids (III) and (V), with ferrocene dipolarophiles (I).
ChemInform Abstract: Mild and Efficient Method to Obtain Glycosyl Sulfones of Mercaptotriazole.
Authors: Lascu Anca , Sisu Ioana , Bercean Vasile , Lupea Alfa Xenia , Caproiu Miron T. , Sisu Eugen
Published: November 2010

Efficient oxidation of thioglycosides of mercaptotriazoles is achieved using KMnO4/CuSO4·5H2O as mild and efficient reagent.
ChemInform Abstract: New Synthetic Routes to Acronycine, Noracronycine, and Their Analogues.
Authors: Hari Galla Sri , Lee Yong Rok , Wang Xue , Lyoo Won Seok , Kim Sung Hong
Published: November 2010

New synthetic routes to acronycine (Ia), noracronycine (Ib), and some of their analogues by using standard methodologies are presented.
ChemInform Abstract: Paleic Acid, a Fatty Acid from Paenibacillus sp.; Taxonomy, Fermentation, Isolation, Structure Determination, and anti‐Mannheimia and ‐Pasteurella Activity.
Authors: Watanabe Takumi , et al. et al.
Published: November 2010

Paleic acid (I) is the first reported fatty acid showing antibacterial activities against a number of M.haemolytica and P.multocida strains.
ChemInform Abstract: Calcium Binding Environments Probed by 43Ca NMR Spectroscopy
Authors: Bryce David L.
Published: November 2010

Review: 63 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis, Stability and Reactivity of Palladium(0) Olefin Complexes Bearing Labile or Hemilabile Ancillary Ligands and Electron‐Poor Olefins
Authors: Canovese Luciano , Visentin Fabiano
Published: November 2010

Review: 93 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Recent Advances in the Morita—Baylis—Hillman Reaction under Microwave Irradiation
Authors: de Souza Rodrigo O. M. A. , Miranda Leandro S. M.
Published: November 2010

Review: 53 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Copper‐Mediated and Copper‐Catalyzed Addition and Substitution Reactions of Extended Multiple Bond Systems
Authors: Krause Norbert , Aksin‐Artok Oezge
Published: November 2010

Review: 206 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Copper(I) Hydride Reagents and Catalysts
Authors: Riant Olivier
Published: November 2010

Review: 113 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Gold Catalysis in Organic Synthesis and Material Science
Authors: Della Pina Cristina , Falletta Ermelinda , Rossi Michele
Published: November 2010

Review: 131 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of Alkyl‐ and Cycloalkylamines by Rearrangement
Authors: Purchase R. , Sainsbury M.
Published: November 2010

Review: 284 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Metal‐Catalyzed Intramolecular Heteroatom (X) → Carbon (C) Functional Group Migration Reactions Involving Additions of X—Y Bonds Across Alkynes
Authors: Patil Nitin T. , Kavthe Rahul D. , Yamamoto Yoshinori
Published: November 2010

Review: about 50 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Recent Advances in the Dimroth Rearrangement: A Valuable Tool for the Synthesis of Heterocycles
Authors: El‐Ashry El Sayed H. , Nadeem Said , Shah Muhammad Raza , El Kilany Yeldez
Published: November 2010

Review: 120 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Biindolyls
Authors: StC Black David , Kumar Naresh
Published: November 2010

Review: 88 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Construction of Cooperative and Responsive Supramolecular Systems for Molecular Functional Modulation
Authors: Nabeshima Tatsuya
Published: November 2010

Review: 146 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Development of Benzylic‐Substituted Ligands for Asymmetric Catalysis
Authors: Ding Chang‐Hua , Hou Xue‐Long
Published: November 2010

Review: 112 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: (3R,7aS)‐3‐(Trichloromethyl)tetrahydropyrrolo[1,2‐c]oxazole‐1(3H)‐one: An Air and Moisture Stable Reagent for the Synthesis of Optically Active α‐Branched Prolines
Authors: Artman, Gerald D. III , Rafferty Ryan J. , Williams Robert M.
Published: November 2010

Review: 9 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Secondary Metabolites from Entomopathogenic Hypocrealean Fungi
Authors: Molnar Istvan , Gibson Donna M. , Krasnoff Stuart B.
Published: November 2010

Review: 423 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Aquasomes: A Promising Carrier for Peptides and Protein Delivery
Authors: Umashankar Marakanam S. , Sachdeva Rajesh K. , Gulati Monica
Published: November 2010

Review: 53 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Biodegradation of Phenol from Industrial Effluents
Authors: Lakshmi M. V. V. Chandana , Sridevi V.
Published: November 2010

Review: 166 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: First‐Row Transition Metal Catalyzed Reduction of Carbonyl Functionalities: A Mechanistic Perspective
Authors: Chakraborty Sumit , Guan Hairong
Published: November 2010

Review: 170 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Development of Analytical Methods for Residual N‐Methyl Carbamate Pesticides in Foods
Authors: Goto Tomomi
Published: November 2010

Review: 22 refs.
The relative exergy array—a new measure for interactions in process design and control
Authors: Montelongo‐Luna Juan M. , Svrcek William Y. , Young Brent R.
Published: November 2010

In this paper, we present the relative exergy array (REA), a tool to measure the relative exergetic efficiency and the controllability of a process when a proposed process and control structure is postulated. The REA is a means to compare thermodynamic efficiency for control structures of multi input–multi output processes. Although only steady‐state information is employed, it is a tool for quick comparison between several candidate process control structures. Guidelines for interpreting the results obtained from the REA are presented and explained. A case study of dual composition control of a distillation column is presented and the results discussed.

Une bonne compréhension de tous les domaines du génie chimique ainsi que de nombreux aspects sont nécessaires afin de concevoir efficacement un processus chimique. Par exemple, les organismes gouvernementaux exigent que tous les secteurs d'activité respectent certaines règles en matière d'impact environnemental. L'ingénieur chimiste chargé de concevoir un processus doit prendre ces règles en compte tout en essayant de créer le meilleur processus possible afin d'optimiser les bénéfices. L'exergie peut servir à mesurer la qualité d'un système, notamment en matière d'efficacité du processus. Un processus présente une efficacité thermodynamique élevée et est par conséquent rentable et écoefficace si les valeurs exergétiques des produits issus d'un processus sont proches des valeurs des matières premières. Dans ce document, nous présentons un nouvel outil, le tableau d'exergie relative (TER) permettant de mesurer l'efficacité exergétique relative ainsi que la contrôlabilité d'un processus lorsqu'un processus et une structure de contrôle sont proposés. Le tableau d'exergie relative permet de comparer l'efficacité thermodynamique des structures de contrôle de processus à entrées multiples et sorties multiples. Bien que l'on utilise uniquement l'information de fonctionnement normal, il s'agit d'un outil utile pour comparer rapidement plusieurs structures de contrôle de processus proposées. Ce document présente et explique des directives générales d'interprétation des résultats obtenus grâce au TER. Une étude de cas d'une double structure de contrôle d'une colonne de distillation est également présentée et les résultats sont commentés. © 2010 Canadian Society for Chemical Engineering
Polyphosphates and Pyrophosphates of Hexopyranoses as Allosteric Effectors of Human Hemoglobin: Synthesis, Molecular Recognition, and Effect on Oxygen Release
Authors: Fylaktakidou Konstantina C. , Duarte Carolina D. , Koumbis Alexandros E. , Nicolau Claude , Lehn Jean‐Marie
Published: November 2010

Polyphosphorylated and perphosphorylated hexopyranose monosaccharides and disaccharides were synthesized from parent or partially protected carbohydrates as potential allosteric effectors of hemoglobin. A study toward the construction of seven‐ and eight‐membered cyclic pyrophosphates was also performed on the sugars which had the proper orientation, protection, and number of phosphates. All final compounds were tested for their efficiency on oxygen release from human hemoglobin. Several compounds presented higher potency than myo‐inositol hexakisphosphate, which is the most efficient of the known allosteric effectors of hemoglobin. Structure–activity relationships were analyzed. The affinity and efficiency depend on the number of phosphates attached to the carbohydrate skeleton and are related primarily to the number of negative charges present. Other effects operate, but play a lesser role.
Prediction of Rate Constants for Gas‐Phase Reactions of Nitrate Radical with Organic Compounds: A New Structure–Activity Relationship
Authors: Kerdouci Jamila , Picquet‐Varrault Bénédicte , Doussin Jean‐François
Published: November 2010

A new structure–activity relationship (SAR), based on parametrization of the molecular structure according to the group‐additivity method, is presented. On the basis of existing experimental data for the degradability of approximately 150 organic compounds by the NO3 radical, this new SAR is developed to estimate the rate constants for reactions with NO3 radical. At night, nitrate radicals are the most important oxidant of volatile organic compounds. The rate constants for their reactions are therefore essential to the understanding of VOC degradation and atmospheric modelling. The database used for the SAR development includes most classes of compounds such as alkanes, alkenes (acyclic and cyclic), dienes, terpenes and saturated and unsaturated oxygenated compounds (including alcohols, ketones, ethers and esters). The proposed SAR shows good efficiency, as 91 % of the rate constants are reproduced within a factor of two. The overall agreement between measured and predicted rate constants is very good for most of the unsaturated and saturated compounds, although for saturated alcohols it is less reliable.
Physiological Responses of Mammals to Overnutrition
Authors: Routh Vanessa H. , Stern Judith S. , Horwitz Barbara A.
Published: November 2010

The sections in this article are:

Consequences of Overnutrition

Thrifty Gene: Altered Lipid Metabolism

Animal Models

Physiological Consequences

Factors Influencing the Response to Overnutrition

Gender

Age

Genetics

Exercise

Stress

Diet Composition

Season/Food Availability

Physiological Mechanisms Underlying Responses to Overnutrition

Cellular

Endocrine Mechanisms

Neural Mechanisms Mediating the Response to Overnutrition
Adaptation to the Microbial Environment
Authors: Toth Linda A. , Blatteis Clark M.
Published: November 2010

The sections in this article are:

Relationships Between Microbes and Vertebrates

Commensal and Mutual Interactions: The Normal Flora

Parasitic Interactions

Antimicrobial Host Defense

Innate or Nonspecific Immunity

Acquired or Specific Immunity

Other Factors in Host Defense
A Structurally Diverse RuII,PtII Tetrametallic Motif for Photoinitiated Electron Collection and Photocatalytic Hydrogen Production
Authors: Knoll Jessica D. , Arachchige Shamindri M. , Brewer Karen J.
Published: November 2010

Coupling a reactive metal to light absorbers affords molecular devices for photoinitiated electron collection and photocatalytic conversion of substrates to fuels. A new RuII,PtII tetrametallic supramolecule, [{(phen)2Ru(dpp)}2Ru(dpq)PtCl2](PF6)6, and the trimetallic precursors, [{(phen)2Ru(dpp)}2RuCl2](PF6)4 and [{(phen)2Ru(dpp)}2Ru(dpq)](PF6)6, have been synthesized, and their redox, spectroscopic, spectroelectrochemical, photophysical and photocatalytic properties studied. They efficiently absorb UV and visible light. The electrochemistry of [{(phen)2Ru(dpp)}2Ru(dpq)PtCl2](PF6)6 suggests a lowest‐lying terminal Ru→dpq charge‐separated state that quenches the emission of the parent complex with non‐unity population of the emissive 3MLCT excited state. Photolysis of [{(phen)2Ru(dpp)}2Ru(dpq)PtCl2]6+ at 470 nm with DMA gives multielectron reduction, storing electrons in a new manner on the central (dpp)2RuII(dpq) moiety. Addition of H2O to the photolysis system produces 21 μmol of H2 in 5 h, with 115 turnovers of the tetrametallic photocatalyst.
Tinman is a direct activator of midline in the drosophila dorsal vessel
Authors: Ryu Jae‐Ryeon , Najand Nima , Brook William J.
Published: November 2010

Heart development requires a conserved core of transcription factors comprised of Nkx2.5, GATA and T‐box family transcription factors. In Drosophila melanogaster, the Nkx2.5 gene tinman acts upstream of many cardiac genes including the Tbx20 homolog midline, a critical regulator of heart development in both flies and vertebrates. By testing genomic fragments containing clusters of consensus Tinman‐binding sites, we identified a 4.3 kb fragment 5′ of midline that directs reporter expression in all midline‐expressing heart cells and a 1.7 kb subfragment that drives reporter expression in mid‐expressing heart cells that maintain tin expression. Both fragments direct reporter gene expression in response to tinman in transgenic embryos and in transient transfection assays in Drosophila S2 cells. Mutation of two Tinman binding sites (Tin1 and Tin2) reduces or abolishes cardiac expression in derivatives of the 1.7 kb fragment. We conclude that Tin is a direct regulator of midline in fly heart development. Developmental Dynamics, 2011. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Islet1 selectively promotes peripheral axon outgrowth in Rohon‐Beard primary sensory neurons
Authors: Tanaka Hideomi , Nojima Yasuhiro , Shoji Wataru , Sato Miki , Nakayama Ryoko , Ohshima Toshio , Okamoto Hitoshi
Published: November 2010

We isolated a novel zebrafish mutant, lullaby (llb), and showed that the llb locus encodes the zebrafish orthologue of isl1. Rohon‐Beard (RB) primary sensory neurons are multipolar neurons that extend their central axons longitudinally within the spinal cord and also extend their peripheral axons under the skin. In llb embryos, the outgrowth of the peripheral axons of RB neurons was selectively impaired, which correlated with down‐regulation of the expression of dihydropyrimidinase‐like 3 (dpysl3, also known as collapsin response mediator protein 4, crmp4). Antisense morpholino oligonucleotide (AMO)‐mediated knockdown of dpysl3 inhibited the outgrowth of the peripheral axons of RB neurons, and semaphorin 3d (sema3d) AMO enhanced this effect. These data indicate that Dpysl3 is cooperating with Sema3d in the peripheral axon outgrowth, and Isl1 is required for the selective outgrowth of the peripheral axons of RB neurons by maintaining the expression of dpysl3. Developmental Dynamics 240:9–22, 2011. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Accountable governance, accountable sustainability? a case study of accountability in the governance for sustainability
Authors: Joss Simon
Published: November 2010

This article provides a conceptual framework for, and comparative analysis of, public accountability in relation to three recent British exemplars of governance for sustainability: the GM Nation public consultation on the use of genetically modified crops in agriculture; the South East London Combined Heat and Power waste incinerator to achieve a shift away from landfill waste disposal; and the London Underground public–private partnership to provide more long‐term financial and technological investment in a key area of public transport. Each of these initiatives is characterized by distinct public accountability features arising partly from the context‐specific tensions between environmental sustainability and economic and technological development, and partly from the particular governance processes at work. Together, these features point to several significant accountability shortcomings facing the governance of sustainable development, including: the compartmentalization of decision‐making processes; the blurring of boundaries of responsibility; the prevalence of professional‐technocratic discourses; and the marginalization of publicity. The article concludes by outlining measures to improve accountability in the governance for sustainability. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd and ERP Environment.
TNF superfamily member 13, APRIL, inhibits allergic lung inflammation
Authors: Xiao Yanping , Motomura Seiichi , Deyev Vadim , Podack Eckhard R.
Published: November 2010

The T‐cell functions of a proliferation‐inducing ligand (APRIL, also known as TNFSF13) remain largely undefined. We previously showed that APRIL suppressed Th2 cytokine production in cultured CD4+ T cells and Th2 antibody responses. Here we show that APRIL suppresses allergic lung inflammation, which is associated with diminished expression of the transcription factor c‐maf. Mice deficient in the April gene (April−/− mice) had significantly aggravated lung inflammation compared with WT mice in the ovalbumin‐induced allergic lung inflammation model. Likewise, blockade of APRIL in WT mice by the APRIL‐receptor fusion protein, transmembrane activator and calcium modulator and cyclophilin ligand interactor (TACI)‐Ig, enhanced lung inflammation. Transfer of APRIL‐sufficient, ovalbumin‐specific, TCR‐transgenic CD4+ T (OT‐II) cells to April−/− mice restored the suppressive effect of APRIL on lung inflammation. Mechanistically, the expression of the Th2 cytokine transcription factor c‐maf, but not GATA‐3, was markedly enhanced in April−/− CD4+ T cells at the RNA and protein level and under non‐polarizing (Th neutral, ThN) and Th2‐polarizing conditions. Since c‐maf transactivates the IL‐4 gene, the increased c‐maf expression in April−/− mice readily explains increased Th2 cytokine production. Independent of its effect on IL‐4, APRIL suppressed IL‐13 expression. APRIL thus may regulate lung inflammation in a dual way, by acting on c‐maf expression and by directly controlling IL‐13 production.
An Imidazolate‐ and Azide‐Bridged Copper(II) Coordination Polymer Consisting of Alternating Di‐ and Mononuclear Units
Authors: Sakai Ken‐ichi , Akutagawa Tomoyuki , Nakamura Takayoshi
Published: November 2010

Using the CuII‐imidazole(Him) complex [Cu(Him)4Cl]Cl as the starting material, the imidazolate (im)‐ and azide‐bridged CuII coordination polymer [Cu3(Him)4(im)2(N3)4]n was successfully obtained. Single‐crystal X‐ray analysis revealed that it possesses an im‐bridged linear‐chain structure consisting of alternating dinuclear units with a symmetric end‐on azide‐bridged [Cu(μ1,1‐N3)2Cu]2+ core and mononuclear units. All of the Cu ions adopt a square pyramidal geometry with an azide at the Jahn–Teller elongated apical position. Some of the azides act as end‐to‐end interchain bridging ligands from the mononuclear unit to the nearest neighbouring dinuclear unit of the adjacent chain forming a two‐dimensional network. Temperature‐variable magnetic susceptibility measurements showed that it exhibits one‐dimensional ferrimagnetic‐like behaviour, which can be ascribed to two types of exchange couplings with opposite signs, namely a weak ferromagnetic coupling through the end‐on azide bridges within the dinuclear units and a stronger antiferromagnetic coupling through the im bridges between the di‐ and the mononuclear units.
Radicals of Free and Zinc(II)‐Coordinated α‐Azophenols
Authors: Kochem Amélie , Orio Maylis , Philouze Christian , Jamet Hélène , du Moulinet d'Hardemare Amaury , Thomas Fabrice
Published: November 2010

The tridentate 2‐tert‐butyl‐4‐methoxy‐6‐(quinolin‐8‐ylazo)phenol ligand HL has been synthesized and structurally characterized. Its redox activity has been investigated by electrochemical measurements and DFT calculations. Oxidation of HL (irreversible process) affords primarily a hydrogen‐bonded phenoxyl radical, whereas its reduction affords an iminosemiquinonate radical species. The reaction of two equivalents of HL with Zn(OAc)2 affords the zinc complex Zn(L)2, which has been structurally characterized. Its oxidation is easier than that of HL and is reversible. The EPR spectrum of [Zn(L)(L·)]+ shows an unresolved (S = 1/2) signal at g = 2.005, while [Zn(L·)]2+ exhibits spin triplet resonances (|D| = 0.0118 cm–1 and E/D = 0). The extra delocalization of spin density on the azo group contributes to a lowering of the D value relative to those of Schiff base derivatives. The temperature dependence of the EPR signal and DFT calculations reveal an excited state for the spin triplet and a weak exchange coupling constant J = –2.73 cm–1.
Fluorescent Polylactides with Rhenium(bisimine) Cores for Tumour Diagnostics (Eur. J. Inorg. Chem. 32/2010)
Authors: Brückmann Nadine E. , Kögel Susanne , Hamacher Alexandra , Kassack Matthias U. , Kunz Peter C.
Published: November 2010

The cover picture shows the structure of a fluorescent polymer consisting of a ligand‐functionalised polylactide coordinated to Re(CO)3(phen). This polymer can passively target cancer tissue and transport the fluorescent dye to the cancer cell membranes, where it can be detected by fluorescence microscopy, which enables early detection of cancer. The resulting fluorescence in the membranes of A2780 cells can be seen in the background. Details are discussed in the article by P. C. Kunz et al. on p. 5063 ff.
A Novel N(3),N(4)‐Bridging Coordination Mode of 1‐R‐Tetrazole‐5‐thiolates – Synthesis, X‐ray Diffraction, Magnetic Properties and Quantum‐Chemical Study of a Macrocyclic Dinickel Complex Coligated by 1‐Methyltetrazole‐5‐thiolate (Eur. J. Inorg. Chem. 34/2010)
Authors: Voitekhovich Sergei V. , Syre Ronny , Lach Jochen , Matulis Vadim E. , Gaponik Pavel N. , Ivashkevich Oleg A. , Kersting Berthold
Published: November 2010

The cover picture shows a schematic representation of the procedure used for the determination of the magnetic properties of the macrocyclic dinickel complex [Ni2L(μ‐SCN4Me)]BPh4·2MeCN. On the left, the complex is depicted in the form of its two nickel atoms, their first coordination sphere and the 1‐methyltetrazole‐5‐thiolate coligand as obtained from the crystal structure determination. The found N(3),N(4)‐bridging coordination mode is hitherto unknown for 1‐R‐tetrazole‐5‐thiolates. In addition, theoretical calculations were carried out in order to study the coordination features of the complex. Details are discussed in the article by S. V. Voitekhovich, B. Kersting et al. on p. 5387 f. The authors gratefully acknowledge the DAAD (Leonard‐Euler program) and the Erasmus Mundus program “Advanced Spectroscopy in Chemistry”. Supported by the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft within the Graduate School BuildMoNa.
Unexpected Heterocyclic Products from Cycloaddition Reactions of Nonsymmetrical Allenyl Aldoketazines with Substituted Alkynes
Authors: Galeta Juraj , Man Stanislav , Bouillon Jean‐Philippe , Potáček Milan
Published: November 2010

Thermally initiated cycloaddition reactions of nonsymmetrical allenyl azines 1 with alkynes or other dipolarophiles usually lead to compounds with three fused, five‐membered heterocyclic rings. With alkynes with pronounced “push–pull” systems, however, the reaction ends with the formation of substituted pyrrolidino[1,2‐b]pyrazoles 4 and, in the case of azines with trifluoromethyl substitution, ring opening leads to the isolation of compounds 9. Reaction mechanisms for these transformations are proposed. The molecular structures of the new heterocycles 4 and 9 were confirmed by X‐ray crystal structure analysis.
Efficient Syntheses and Complexation Studies of Diacetylene‐Containing Macrocyclic Polyethers
Authors: Feng Yahui , Li Jingning , Jiang Lasheng , Gao Zhihong , Huang Weicong , Jiang Fei , Luo Nianhua , Han Shujuan , Zeng Ronghua , Yang Dingqiao
Published: November 2010

A series of novel macrocyclic polyethers, phenylene–diacetylene‐containing macrocycles was synthesized in high yields by employing copper(II)‐mediated Eglinton coupling as the key macrocyclization (80–92 %). As an analogue of the bisphenylene crown ether hosts, the binding behavior of these new macrocycles was investigated by 1H NMR spectroscopy, mass spectrometry (ESI), and X‐ray crystallography. The results obtained indicate that macrocycles with tetraethylene glycol chains (3c–e) bind a paraquat guest to form [2]pseudorotaxane‐like complexes in solution and in the solid state, whereas macrocycles with triethylene glycol chains (i.e., 3f–h) bind a paraquat guest to form [3]pseudorotaxane‐like complexes, which implies that macrocycles 3f–h may be able to complex to (mono)pyridinium cations in a [2]pseudorotaxane‐like fashion in solution.