bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A review of the benefits of the flipped classroom in TOEIC study
Authors:   IMAP, Tran Quynh Huong , Nguyen Thi Nhu Ngoc ,   USSH-VNUHCM
Published: February 2025

The flipped classroom model has been more and more concerned in language teaching settings due to its great potential. This library research investigates the benefits of using the flipped classroom approach for TOEIC study by analyzing 37 relevant studies and synthesizing their research results about the integration of the flipped classroom model into TOEIC preparation courses. The objective is to provide valuable insights into the potential advantages of adopting the flipped classroom model in TOEIC preparation courses. This comprehensive review of existing literature helps reveal the multifaceted benefits of the flipped classroom in TOEIC study. The research provides insights for teachers and curriculum developers to integrate the flipped classroom into students’ TOEIC learning with respect to enhancing student engagement, learning outcomes, and critical thinking skills. The research might serve as a comprehensive reference for optimizing students’ TOEIC preparation.
Learner Perceptions of L2 Pronunciation Instruction: A Comparative Study
Authors:   International University – VNU-HCM, Vietnam, Dao Nguyen Anh Duc
Published: February 2025

This study aims to better understand Vietnamese learners' views of potential learning problems and the impact of teacher-related factors on English pronunciation learning. It examines how more successful and less successful learners perceive pronunciation instruction and the problems they face when learning the L2 phonological system. In this mixed-methods study, 48 first-year English major students (26 strong and 22 weak) at a Vietnamese university were first polled about their learning difficulties and their perceptions of the pronunciation instruction available to them. Four strong and four weak students (chosen using both human raters and a computer-aided rating scheme) then partook in semi-structured interviews. The findings reveal that both groups differ in terms of the difficulties they face, their learning goals and language models, and their assessment of the teaching content and techniques. Several important implications were made regarding the learning goals, the status of non-native teachers, and the discrepancy between learner perception and teacher cognition of pronunciation instruction.
Assessing the english version of "the sorrow of war" using waddington's method C
Authors:   Faculty of English Language, HUTECH University, Tran Vinh Thanh , Nguyen Thi Kieu Thu ,   Faculty of English Language, HUTECH University
Published: February 2025

Literary translation plays a crucial role in disseminating Vietnamese literature to a global audience. This study aims to assess the English version of Bao Ninh's novel "The Sorrow of War," translated by Phan Thanh Hao and edited by Frank Palmos, using Waddington's Translation Quality Assessment model, specifically Method C. Method C employs a holistic approach to evaluate the translation based on the accuracy of transfer from the source text to the target text, the quality of expression in the target language, and the degree of task completion. The analysis reveals that while the translation reads like a piece originally written in English, there are inaccuracies in the transfer of content that require thorough revision to reach a higher quality. The overall degree of task completion is deemed adequate. Besides, the study highlights the importance of semantic translation in literary works to ensure the accurate representation of the source text's meaning, style, and cultural nuances. The findings would contribute to the development of translation quality assessment frameworks and emphasize the need for a comprehensive approach in evaluating literary translations.
Spirituality in Adler’s Lifestyle and Its Critique From the Perspective of Islamic Sources
Authors:   Department of Educational Sciences & Counseling, Faculty of Literature and Humanities, University of Guilan, Rasht, Iran., Qorbanpoor Lafmejani Amir
Published: February 2025

Background and Objectives: Lifestyle is the cornerstone of Adler’s theory and manifests itself through five tasks of life, one of which is the task of spirituality. The purpose of the present study was to investigate and critique the concept of spirituality in Adler’s lifestyle concerning Islamic sources.
Methods: The present review consisted of two stages: In the first stage, the concept of lifestyle in Adler’s theory was presented, followed by Adler’s perspective on spirituality and its importance as derived from various available sources. In the second stage, using Islamic sources, including verses and traditions, as well as some related literature, Adler’s views on spirituality were examined and critiqued.
Results: The findings showed that according to Adler, spirituality and spiritual tasks are one of the branches of the lifestyle tree and represent a behavioral recommendation that lacks any cognitive (attitude) or motivational basis. In this theory, humans are social beings who move through life in pursuit of imaginary goals directed toward the future. Although Adler himself was a Christian, he considered God to be unreal, viewing Him as merely an imaginary idea, and his concept of spirituality had nothing to do with God and religion. Thus, his proposed spirituality is a personal and secular matter. In contrast, from the perspective of Islam, spirituality derives from the interpretation and knowledge that religion provides about humanity, existence, God, origin and resurrection, and the end and purpose of life. If all human behavior is regulated toward the goals of creation and worship, life will take on a spiritual dimension. Islamic spirituality does not exist without communication with God. Unlike Adler, who considered humans as purely social beings, Islamic teachings, which adopt a two-dimensional perspective on existence and humanity, lead to the generalization of life from this world to the hereafter and from the material to the material-spiritual, resulting in a more meaningful existence.
Conclusion: Contrary to Adler’s theory, in which spirituality is viewed only as a personal behavior, Islamic spirituality is not only a ritualistic practice but also an integral part of life ; in the light of divine perspective, the entirety of life is imbued with spirituality.
Correlation of Spiritual-religious Well-being and Care Burden Among Mothers of Children With Autism
Authors:   Student Research Committee, Qom University of Medical Sciences, Qom, Iran., Maarefi Maedeh , Yazdi Elham Abbas ,   Student Research Committee, Qom University of Medical Sciences, Qom, Iran, Saboohi Zahra ,   Student Research Committee, School of Public Health, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran., Hassanvand-Amouzadeh Masoud ,   Department of Pediatrics, Neuroscience Research Center, School of Medicine, Qom University of Medical Sciences, Qom, Iran., Taheri-Kharameh Zahra ,   Spiritual Health Research Center, School of Religion and Health, Qom University of Medical Sciences, Qom, Iran.
Published: February 2025

Background and Objectives: Mothers of children with autism encounter numerous challenges that can greatly impact their caregiving responsibilities. However, spiritual-religious well-being (SWB), being a fundamental aspect of human life, has the potential to alleviate a significant portion of this burden. This study aimed to explore the relationship between spiritual-religious components and care burden among mothers of children with autism.
Methods: This cross-sectional descriptive study involved 102 mothers of children with autism who sought assistance at the autism centers affiliated with the Qom University of Medical Sciences in 2022. Convenience sampling was used, and data were collected through questionnaires on demographic characteristics, SWB, and caregiving burden. Descriptive statistics and linear regression analysis were performed using SPSS software, version 22 with a significance level of 0.005.
Results: The participating mothers had an average care burden score of 75.44±22.3 and a SWB score of 196.8±28.3. Linear regression analysis revealed that hope for the future and general religiosity were predictors of care burden in mothers of children with autism.
Conclusion: Mothers of children with autism experience a moderate burden of care, which is influenced by their spiritual and religious well-being. Understanding the spiritual and religious components that impact the caregiving burden can assist therapists in providing solutions to reduce stress and alleviate the burden of care for these mothers.
Effect of Spiritual Care on Anxiety and Care Burden in Mothers of Children With Cancer
Authors:   Department of Paediatric, Nursing and Midwifery Research Center, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran., faculty of nursing and midwifery. shahid yasemi street, north kordestan highway. tehran. Iran, Esmaeilian Somayeh , Asadzandi Minoo ,   Department of Anesthesiology, Quran and Hadith Research Center, School of Nursing, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran., Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences,, Shoghi Mahnaz ,   Department of Paediatric, Nursing and Midwifery Research Center, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran., faculty of nursing and midwifery. shahid yasemi street, north kordestan highway. tehran. Iran
Published: February 2025

Background and Objectives: This study aimed to determine the effect of spiritual care based on the sound heart model on anxiety and care burden in mothers of children with cancer.
Methods: Eighty-six mothers of children with cancer participated in this quasi-experimental study. Sequential sampling was used, and participants were allocated into intervention (n=43) and control (n=43) groups. Spiritual care was provided to the intervention group over eight consecutive days within one week. Both groups completed the questionnaire before, after, and one month after the intervention. The Beck anxiety questionnaire and the Zarit burden of care questionnaire were utilized for data collection. Data were analyzed using the chi-square test, independent t-test, and repeated measures ANOVA.
Results: No significant difference was found in the mean scores of anxiety (P=0.68) and burden of care (P=0.94) between the two groups before the intervention. However, there was a statistically significant difference in the mean scores of anxiety (P<0.001) and burden of care (P=0.003) between the two groups after the intervention and one month later.
Conclusion: Spiritual care based on the sound heart model reduced the mean scores of anxiety and burden of care in mothers of children with cancer. However, there was a statistically significant difference in the mean scores of anxiety (P<0.001) and the burden of care (P=0.003) between the two groups after the intervention and one month later.
Predicting the Quality of Marital Life: The Role of Mindfulness and Spiritual Experiences
Authors:   Department of Counseling, Faculty of Humanities, Bojnord Branch, Islamic Azad University, Bojnord, Iran., PhD Students in counseling, Bojnord Branch, Islamic Azad University, Bojnord, Iran, Afzood Abdolreza , Bakhshipour Abolfazl ,   Department of Counseling, Faculty of Humanities, Bojnord Branch, Islamic Azad University, Bojnord, Iran., Assistant professor of the group Psychology, Bojnord Branch, Islamic Azad University, Bojnord, Iran, Sadeghi Meysam ,   Department of Cognitive Psychology, Institute for Cognitive Sciences, Tehran, Iran., Department of Cognitive Psychology, Higher Education Institute of Cognitive Sciences, Tehran, Iran
Published: February 2025

Background and Objectives: Understanding the factors affecting the quality of marital life seems to be necessary. Therefore, the present study was conducted to investigate the role of mindfulness and spiritual experiences in predicting the quality of marital life among individuals visiting cultural and community centers in District 5 of Tehran City, Iran, in 2022.
Methods: The current research was descriptive-correlational. The statistical population included all married men and women visiting cultural and community centers in District 5 of Tehran City during the second half of 2022. A total of 100 people were selected by convenience sampling method among the eligible people who volunteered to participate in the research. They responded to the spiritual experiences questionnaire by Underwood and Tersey (2002), the mindfulness questionnaire by Chadwick et al. (2008) and the quality of married life questionnaire developed by Busby et al. (1995). Data analysis was conducted using Mean±SD, Pearson correlation and multiple regression with SPSS software, version 22.
Results: The results showed a direct and significant relationship between mindfulness (r=0.48) and spiritual experiences (r=0.57) with the quality of marital life (P<0.01). The components of mindfulness explained 23% of the variance in the quality of marital life, while spiritual experiences accounted for 35% of the variance.
Conclusion: Based on the findings, it is recommended that initiatives aimed at strengthening spiritual experiences and mindfulness, such as educational workshops at the community level, be implemented to improve the quality of marital relationships among couples.
Predicting Hope in Mothers of Intellectually Disabled Children Through Emotional, Psychological and Spiritual Factors
Authors:   Department of Health Education and Health Promotion, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran., Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares, University, Tehran, Iran, Arabshahi Amin , Shahriari Faezeh ,   Department of General Psychology, Faculty of Literature and Humanities, Qom Branch, Islamic Azad University, Qom, Iran., Faculty of Literature and Humanities, Gharlipour Zabihollah ,   Department of Health Education and Promotion, School of Health, Qom University of Medical Sciences, Qom, Iran., Faculty of Health
Published: February 2025

Background and Objectives: Mental retardation is associated with a lack of growth in various physical, mental, developmental, social, and educational dimensions. Many variables, such as emotional adjustment, psychological well-being, and spiritual beliefs are related to the hope of mothers with mentally retarded children. This research aimed to predict hope based on emotional adjustment, psychological well-being, and spiritual beliefs in mothers with mentally retarded children.
Methods: The current research was descriptive-correlational. The statistical population of the research included 375 mothers with mentally retarded children who were selected from seven special education schools, occupational therapy centers, and an autism center in Qom City, Iran, in the 2022-2023 academic year. Convenience sampling was used, and Morgan’s table determined the sample size. Data collection tools were the Schneider et al.’s hope questionnaire, Bell’s emotional adjustment questionnaire, Riff’s psychological well-being questionnaire, and George’s spiritual beliefs questionnaire. Data were analyzed using SPSS software version 26, employing Pearson’s correlation test and multiple regression analysis.
Results: The results of the regression analysis showed that all three variables of social adjustment, psychological well-being, and spiritual beliefs were significant predictors of hope (P<0.05). Specifically, emotional adjustment contributed 13.4%, psychological well-being contributed 12%, and spiritual beliefs contributed 13.8% to the variance in hope, with 95% confidence.
Conclusion: The results of the study showed a significant relationship between hope, emotional adjustment, psychological well-being, and spiritual beliefs. Educational workshops are recommended to increase public understanding of intellectual disabilities. Authorities, specialists, and community workers should develop a structured and comprehensive program to raise awareness about the emotional adjustment, psychological well-being, and spiritual beliefs of these mothers within the community.
Relationship Between Nurses’ End of Life Spiritual Care Knowledge and Attitudes With Religious Attitudes
Authors:   Department of Nursing, Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery, Kerman Branch, Islamic Azad University, Kerman, Iran., Islamic Azad University Kerman Branch, Blvd, Imam Ali, Kerman, Iran, Kandan Maryam , Askarpoorkabir Aminreza ,   Department of Nursing, Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery, Kerman Branch, Islamic Azad University, Kerman, Iran., Islamic Azad University Kerman Branch, Blvd, Imam Ali, Kerman, Iran
Published: February 2025

Background and Objectives: Spiritual care is a part of holistic nursing care for end-of-life patients. One of the dimensions of this care is the religious dimension, which seems to be influenced by religious attitudes. Therefore, this study was conducted to determine nurses’ knowledge and attitude toward spiritual care for end-of-life patients and to investigate their relationship with religious attitudes in Pastor Hospital of Bam, southeast Iran.
Methods: This descriptive-correlational study was conducted from November 2019 to May 2020. A total of 218 nurses were selected using the convenience sampling method. Data were collected using a reasearcher-made questionnaires containing four sections. Data analysis, which included descriptive and inferential statistics, was performed using SPSS software, version 24.
Results: The mean scores of knowledge and attitude toward spiritual care were 13.62±3.36 and 73.94±8.52, respectively, reflecting a moderate level. The mean score of religious attitude was 133.86±19.37, reflecting a high level. Additionally, a significant relationship was observed between the scores of knowledge and attitude toward spiritual care, religious attitude, and some demographic variables (P<0.05).
Conclusion: The current level of knowledge and attitude toward spiritual care is inadequate to provide holistic care for end-of-life patients. Considering the relationship between religious attitude and the main study variables can attract appropriate human resources.
Blockchain Technology: Revolutionizing Financial Operations through Transparency and Security
Authors: Upendar Reddy Gade
Published: February 2025

This comprehensive article explores the transformative impact of blockchain technology on financial operations, focusing on its architectural foundations, security mechanisms, and practical applications. The article explores how blockchain's distributed ledger technology revolutionizes transaction processing and verification through advanced cryptographic protocols and consensus mechanisms. The article encompasses the evolution of smart contracts, their role in automating financial agreements, and the implementation of robust security frameworks. The article also investigates blockchain's contribution to regulatory compliance and audit capabilities, while addressing future developments in the technology's integration with artificial intelligence and cross-chain interoperability protocols. The article demonstrates blockchain's significant potential in creating more efficient, transparent, and secure financial systems while highlighting the importance of balanced implementation strategies that consider both performance optimization and security requirements.
Optimizing Healthcare and Financial Systems: A Technical Guide for Building Scalable, Reliable Platforms
Authors: Sachin Telalwar
Published: February 2025

This comprehensive technical article explores the implementation strategies for building scalable and reliable platforms in healthcare and financial systems. The article addresses critical aspects of modern system architecture, including microservices implementation, fault tolerance mechanisms, data security protocols, and performance optimization techniques. Through analysis of real-world implementations across both sectors, the guide presents practical approaches to achieving system reliability while maintaining regulatory compliance. The article examines the evolution of cloud-native solutions, distributed systems, and emerging technologies such as blockchain and artificial intelligence, providing insights into their impact on system architecture and performance. The article particularly focuses on the integration of advanced monitoring solutions, user-centric design principles, and continuous improvement methodologies that enable organizations to build and maintain robust platforms capable of handling increasing transaction volumes while ensuring data security and user satisfaction.
Business Continuity and Disaster Recovery in Snowflake: A Technical Deep Dive
Authors: Jaya Krishna Vemuri
Published: February 2025

This technical deep dive examines Snowflake's comprehensive approach to Business Continuity and Disaster Recovery (BC/DR) in cloud-based data warehousing environments. The article explores how Snowflake addresses the challenges of exponential data growth and increasing real-time processing demands through advanced features including geo-redundant storage, time travel capabilities, and automated failover mechanisms. It article the platform's implementation of security frameworks, continuous data protection, and audit logging while providing detailed insights into best practices for organizations implementing BC/DR strategies. The discussion encompasses the technical architecture, performance optimizations, and practical considerations for maintaining operational resilience across multiple cloud providers and geographical regions, offering a comprehensive framework for enterprise-grade disaster recovery implementation.
AI-Driven Diagnosis and Treatment Recommendation in Healthcare: A Hybrid Deep Learning Framework
Authors: Satyanarayana Murthy Polisetty
Published: February 2025

The healthcare industry faces persistent challenges in delivering accurate, scalable, and privacy-compliant diagnosis and treatment recommendations. This paper presents an innovative hybrid AI framework that integrates deep learning, federated learning, and reinforcement learning to provide an automated, explainable, and secure medical decision-making system. Unlike traditional AI models, our approach ensures data privacy through differential privacy and secure multi-party computation, while an explainable AI (XAI) module enhances clinician trust by making predictions interpretable. The system dynamically personalizes treatment recommendations using hierarchical reinforcement learning, optimizing chronic disease management. We validated the framework on real-world multi-modal medical datasets, including MIMIC-IV, NIH X-ray, and PubMed Genetics. The system processes multiple data modalities, such as electronic health records (EHRs), medical imaging (X-rays, MRIs), and genetic data, achieving an 18% reduction in diagnostic errors and a 25% improvement in patient outcomes. This research sets a new benchmark in AI-driven healthcare by demonstrating a scalable, privacy-preserving, and clinically interpretable system that can be seamlessly integrated into modern hospital infrastructures.
AI in Construction Project Management: Enhancing Efficiency and Reducing Costs
Authors: Siva Praneeth Reddy Gudibandi
Published: February 2025

The integration of Artificial Intelligence in construction project management represents a transformative shift in how construction projects are planned, executed, and monitored. This article examines the current state of AI adoption in the construction industry, exploring its key applications, cost benefits, implementation challenges, and future opportunities. The article reveals that AI technologies are significantly improving project planning accuracy, enhancing real-time monitoring capabilities, optimizing resource allocation, and reducing both direct and indirect costs. Despite notable technical and organizational challenges, the construction industry is increasingly recognizing AI's potential to address fundamental inefficiencies and drive innovation. The article demonstrates that AI implementation leads to substantial improvements in project predictability, safety compliance, operational efficiency, and stakeholder satisfaction, marking a crucial evolution in construction project management practices.
Building Futuristic Data Centers: A Technical Deep Dive into Next-Generation Infrastructure
Authors: Srinivas Reddy Mosali
Published: February 2025

This comprehensive technical article explores the evolution and future trajectory of modern data center infrastructure, focusing on critical innovations across multiple domains. The article examines advanced energy systems, thermal management solutions, AI-driven automation, edge computing integration, and sophisticated security architectures that are reshaping data center operations. The article investigates how these technological advancements address escalating computational demands while maintaining sustainability and operational efficiency. Through detailed analysis of renewable energy integration, liquid cooling technologies, predictive analytics, and zero-trust security frameworks, the article demonstrates how next-generation data centers are achieving unprecedented levels of performance, reliability, and environmental sustainability. The article highlights the transformative impact of artificial intelligence and edge computing on infrastructure management, while emphasizing the critical role of integrated security measures in protecting distributed computing environments.
Advancing Autonomous Vehicle Intelligence: An Integrated Analysis of Modern Perception and Localization Systems
Authors: Vraj Mukeshbhai Patel
Published: February 2025

This comprehensive article examines recent advancements in perception and localization technologies for autonomous vehicles, highlighting the transition from conventional GPS-IMU systems to sophisticated multi-modal approaches. This article analyzes the integration of high-definition mapping with sensor fusion architectures, emphasizing their role in achieving precise environmental awareness and robust localization. This article explores how edge computing implementations have revolutionized real-time processing capabilities, enabling more responsive and reliable autonomous navigation. It encompasses machine learning-driven perception systems, focusing on their contribution to object detection, trajecitwe demonstrates how these technological convergences are advancing the industry toward higher levels of autonomy. Drawing from recent developments and industry implementations, this article discusses the remaining technical challenges and potential solutions for achieving fully autonomous transportation systems. This article builds upon previous studies while providing new insights into the practical implications of integrated perception-localization systems for autonomous vehicle deployment.
Next-Generation Payment Protocols: Architecting Secure, Scalable, and Real-Time Transaction Systems
Authors: Shatrughna Upadhyay
Published: February 2025

The evolution of digital payment systems represents a critical transformation in global financial infrastructure, driven by increasing demands for faster, more secure, and scalable transaction processing. This comprehensive article examines the architecture, implementation, and future directions of next-generation payment protocols, focusing on three fundamental pillars: ISO 20022 messaging standards, Layer 2 scaling solutions, and real-time settlement networks. The article analyzes how these components work in concert to address current limitations in traditional payment systems while enabling new capabilities in cross-border transactions, micro-payments, and real-time settlement. Through examination of major implementations including RTP, FPS, and UPI, the article reveals key success factors in deploying modern payment infrastructure. The article encompasses performance optimization strategies, scalability approaches, and security considerations, providing insights into best practices for financial institutions undertaking payment system modernization. The article demonstrates how emerging technologies, including artificial intelligence, edge computing, and quantum-resistant cryptography, are shaping the future of payment protocols while addressing critical challenges in global financial operations.
Analyzing Land Use and Land Cover Changes and its Dynamics in Mokokchung District, Nagaland.
Authors: Latonglila Pongen  , Sentiakum Jamir  , M.S Rawat  , Sangyu Yaden
Published: February 2025

Land use and land cover are crucial factors in comprehending the interactions of human activities with the environment, and thereby, it is essential to be able to simulate changes.GIS and remote sensing developments have made it possible to map and identify changes in land cover and use. This study aims to assess the changes in the land cover and land use in the Mokokchung District of Nagaland, northeastern India, during a thirty-year period. The analysis shows significant changes in land cover and use. The study used LANDSAT Imageries of 2003 and 2023 obtained from USGS Earth Explorer. Five LULC Classes- Forest, Agriculture, Settlement, Water Bodies, and Barren Land were identified and used to map the entire study area. Forest area cover the maximum total geographical area with 89% followed by built up and agricultural area each covering 5% and 3% of the total geographical area respectively. Over the years forest area has decline significantly whereas built up area has seen a major surge in its area.
Study of Sex Wise Frequency of Specific Intestinal Parasite in Muzaffarpur, (Bihar)
Authors: Kiran  , Faiyaz Ahmad
Published: February 2025

Sex wise analysis in this study revealed that insignificant higher prevalence in males as compared to female. The species wise frequency of Protozoan and helminths was studied in both the sex. The Giardia lambalia was highest prevalence in 1375 samples (10.22 percent) whereas Trichomonas hominis (30 sample) was 0.98 percent. Among helminths in wale the Ascaris lumbricoides frequency was high 35.97 percent of 4565 sample. Where as strongyloides prevalence were low 0.5 percent out of 68 specimens.
The Potential of Stem Cell Therapy in Regenerative Medicine and Injury Recovery
Authors: Sharubala R  , Sre Varsha M  , Naren Eshwar R  , Deepak D  , Dr.Archana Hari
Published: February 2025

Synthetic molecules derived from mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) and from MSC-derived exosomes show promise as regenerative potential for tissue repair and wound healing. MSCs are multipotent and can differentiate into different cell types, the effect of which is enhanced through exosomes, via paracrine signalling. Guillamat-Prats (2021) concludes recent studies have shown that MSCs can accelerate wound healing by up to 50% compared to control groups, and that MSC derived exosomes have doubled cellular migration and collagen deposition in vitro. Additionally, MSC therapies have been able to dramatically decrease inflammatory cytokines like TNFα and IL6 by up to 40%, leading to a more environmentally favorable healing milieu (Lee et al., 2023). The aim of this study is to investigate the effects of MSC and MSC derived exosome treatments on wound healing, specifically enhanced regenerative properties and immune modulation of MSC exosomes. Although results were subjective, histological analysis showed that the highest improvement in wound closure was achieved with MSC+Exosome treatments, which healed over 95% after 14 days, while control groups healed 60%. Finally, the study demonstrates the utility of exosome based delivery systems for targeted, efficient and off target effect free tissue repair. The results are encouraging, but there are still challenges, including scalability and immune rejection, and future research will be aimed at improving the isolation of exosomes and studying MSC based therapies for chronic wound management, cartilage regeneration and neurodegenerative disease.
Women’s organizations and the fight for women’s rights: Case study of UAF and MRA
Authors: Hafsa El Bastami
Published: February 2025

In an attempt to shed light on the efforts deployed by women’s organizations in Morocco dealing with discrimination against women and gender inequality, and understand the nuances of women’s culture in Morocco, this article will look at the beginnings, the missions and ideals of two renowned women’s organizations, UAF (Union de l’Action Féminine) and MRA (Mobilising for Rights Associates). Since their inception, they have strived to improve women’s situation and help ease the hurdles that women face at the social, economic and political levels. This article will rely on a qualitative explorative study to present an account of UAF and MRA’s missions and their fight against women’s discrimination and gender inequality.
Examining Determinants of Academic Writing Skills Among Female Students in India
Authors: Sarwat Un Nisa
Published: February 2025

Writing is one of the most essential parts of a learner's academic and professional journey. The clarity with writing skills can help a student to express themselves with ease. However, in the course of enhancing the flowability of English writing skills, there are several obstacles observed among students where the language is second in line after its native language. There is several literature found where the issue of recurring errors among students when developing writing skills has been pointed out. The study here has observed the lack of literature focusing on female students in India whose English writing skills consist of errors. In India, although English is highly spoken and written, its fluency in terms of academic requirements is subjected only to a few institutions. The late development of writing skills can lead to several difficulties that would cause an impact throughout a learner's life. Further, in India, the female students, especially in rural areas, are often subjected to traditional norms that could affect their writing skills. To understand the perception of English writing skills among Indian female students and the factors that impact on their intention to learn, the study here has been conducted. With a structured questionnaire designed using secondary sources of literature, a total of 25 items measuring different aspects of writing skills have been provided to the students. Using purposive sampling, a total of 250 respondents are collected and analyzed using different statistical tools. The confidence level among the female students in their writing skills is found to be very low. The chi-square tests show significant association with demographics such as age group, area of residence, and marital status. It is interesting to note that the majority are not willing to add extra courses to evolve their current English writing skills. Going further into the understanding of the major factors contributing to this status, the PCA extracted six underlying factors, representing grammatical errors, peer influence, native impact, technical challenges, unwillingness, and intention. In the multiple linear regression conducted to estimate the impact of the five factors on intention to learn in a statistically significant model, an overall variance of 23.2% is reported. The most significant contributor being peer influence causing a positive impact. Native impact, technical challenges, and unwillingness have a negative impact, while grammatical errors interestingly have a positive impact. From this set of results, a number of implications for the future have been established.
The Study on the Multimodal Discourse Construction and Communication of Zhengzhou’s National Central City Image
Authors: Han Yanli
Published: February 2025

Based on Kress and Van Leeuwen’s visual grammar, this study takes the 2018 Zhengzhou city image promotional film “Zhengzhou, the Commercial Capital at the Heart of China” as the research object, and analyzes how the promotional film constructs the image of Zhengzhou as a national central city through the collaborative operation of multimodal resources. It was found that the promotional video effectively conveys the image of a modern, open, inclusive and dynamic national central city through multi-dimensional urban image shaping such as historical and cultural inheritance, trade and logistics, urban construction, and cultural environment. Additionally, it reinforces a sense of Zhengzhou’s urban identity and influence among international and domestic cities, and shows its unique status as a commercial and cultural hub, as well as its strategic position and development potential as a national central city.
From Engagement to Retention: An Exploratory Sequential Approach to Social CRM and Social Media Marketing for Facebook Sellers
Authors: Emmanuel P. Paulino  , Paulo Noel A. Mazo  , Lou-Rena S. Boquila  , Djhoana M. Rington  , Chona O. Bautista  , Michael F. Gibaga
Published: February 2025

This exploratory research delves into the marketing strategies that Facebook online sellers employ, stressing their importance in increasing sales, engaging customers, and building customer loyalty. A mixed-method exploratory sequential design in varying sequences included qualitative interviews with sellers in Metro Manila followed by structured surveys to allow for a more sweeping quantitative understanding. Content and factor analyses indicated two realms of effective strategies: CRM Engagement and Social Media Marketing. This study adds to the theoretical understanding of Social CRM by linking social media marketing to this concept through the purpose of coherent branding and improved customer experience. It represents practical findings as simultaneous use of CRM and digital marketing tools for targeted engagement and business performance. Although findings express a specificity to geography and the platform itself, this work creates insight for online sellers, micro-entrepreneurs, and research. Importantly, this study closes the gaps emanating from the available literature by making credible recommendations for online sellers to revise their strategies. Future studies could explore the multi-platform marketing strategy, put in place more objective metrics, and study additional external elements like trends of various products across the market. This work adds meaningful value to e-commerce practice, particularly for Facebook online sellers, and lays the groundwork for further development of customer-oriented and engagement-driven strategies within an ever-changing digital environment.
Overview of Data Warehouse architecture, Big Data and Green computing
Authors: Milankumar Rana
Published: February 2025

Enterprise today heavily invests in big data, data warehouses, and green computing to measure performance and make intelligent decisions. By enabling data warehouse architecture, enterprises can store structural and nonstructural data in defined backend systems and transform amounts of data to perform various analyses and make business decisions that put companies on top of their competitors. Data is increasing daily, and businesses want to use all their data to perform advanced business analytics and machine learning and distribute data to their backend algorithms to evaluate and make decisions faster. However, the carbon footprints and global warming have alarmed these organizations to move towards green computing for a better future. Green computing focuses on designing energy-efficient systems, optimizing resource utilization, and reducing the CO2 emissions of data centers and IT infrastructure. This paper reviews how data warehouse architecture, big data, and green computing relate and addresses the challenges and opportunities in achieving sustainable and scalable data management solutions. By integrating energy-efficient practices into data warehouses and big data systems, organizations can make a huge difference globally and set an example for other industries to follow the green computing path. This paper helps to understand the new paradigm of big data and green computing, which helps achieve the best performance, reduce environmental impacts, and achieve the best standards.
Healthcare System Performance: Volume and Endurance Testing for Maximum Reliability
Authors: Vasudevan Senathi Ramdoss
Published: February 2025

Healthcare systems are critical applications that demand high reliability, scalability, and performance. Volume and endurance testing play a vital role in ensuring these systems can handle peak loads and sustained usage without failure. This paper explores the methodologies, challenges, and best practices for volume and endurance testing in healthcare applications, emphasizing their significance in maintaining system integrity and patient safety.
Comparative Evaluation of Blood Clot, Platelet-Rich Plasma, and Platelet-Rich Fibrin Scaffolds in the Success of Regenerative Endodontic Treatments: A Literature Review
Authors: Fatemeh Mohammadian  , Saeid Sahraei
Published: February 2025

The use of natural scaffolds in regenerative endodontic treatments can significantly impact treatment outcomes. Natural scaffolds such as Platelet-Rich Plasma (PRP), Platelet-Rich Fibrin (PRF), and blood clot are effective in improving clinical symptoms, resolving periapical lesions, regenerating dentin structure, closing the root apex, and increasing root length in regenerative endodontic treatments. This study aims to provide a comparative evaluation of blood clot, platelet-rich plasma (PRP), and platelet-rich fibrin (PRF) as natural scaffolds in the success of regenerative endodontic treatments.
Development Strategies for the Special Economic Zone (SEZ) in Bitung City: Social and Economic Perspectives
Authors: Rawung Stanny Sicilia , Kumendong Sharon Ribka Vivian Thealovely , Rumagit Merry Christie Natalia , Montolalu Vigilia Konda
Published: February 2025

This study analyzes the role of SWOT analysis in improving the development of Special Economic Zones (SEZ) in Bitung City, conducted at the SEZ Administrator Office over three months. Primary data was collected through surveys, questionnaires, interviews, and documentation. In contrast, secondary data was obtained from relevant agencies such as the One-Stop Investment and Integrated Services Office (Dinas Penanaman Modal dan Pelayanan Terpadu Satu Pintu or DPMPTSP). The respondents consisted of 42 individuals. SWOT analysis revealed that the SEZ’s development strategy falls within the first quadrant, indicating a favorable alignment of external opportunities and internal strengths, with an Internal Factor Analysis Summary (IFAS) score of 3.48 and an External Factor Analysis Summary (EFAS) score of 3.72. Key strategies for SEZ development include utilizing fisheries and coconut resources to improve production and quality; enhancing infrastructure, including transportation and fishing ports, to support efficient distribution; improving human resource skills; fostering collective commitment among stakeholders, including the government, business actors, and the community; and building partnerships between local businesses and foreign investors to facilitate technology and capital transfer.
Entrevista con Patricia Adelaida González-Moreno
Authors: Pivetta Werlang Rodrigo
Published: February 2025

La International Society for Music Education (ISME) es una sociedad fundada en 1953, afiliada al International Music Council y a la Organización de las Naciones Unidas para la Educación, la Ciencia y la Cultura (UNESCO). Su misión es construir y mantener una comunidad mundial de educadores musicales, caracterizada por el apoyo y el respeto mutuo, promoviendo la cooperación y el entendimiento intercultural, así como la educación musical para personas de todas las edades en todo el mundo (ISME, 2024).En esta entrevista, realizada con Patricia Adelaida González-Moreno, actual presidenta, buscamos contribuir a la difusión de ISME, discutiendo temas como la importancia de la representatividad latinoamericana en el contexto internacional y sus repercusiones regionales, especialmente en México y Brasil; las principales acciones realizadas por la organización; su contribución a la construcción de políticas educativas y al desarrollo de la educación musical a través de la participación de educadores; los avances y retrocesos a nivel internacional; y el futuro de la ISME.
Relationship between cardiac autonomic dysfunction and iron status in metabolic syndrome
Authors: Munni Halima Akter , Akter Khaleda , Shumi Mahfuja Begum , Begum Shelina
Published: February 2025

Background: Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is one of the major public health challenge with potential risk for cardiac autonomic dysfunction. Iron overload in MetS further increase the risk of cardiovascular morbidity. Objectives: To observe the relationship between cardiac autonomic nerve function and iron status in MetS patients. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted on 35 MetS female patients aged 25 to 45 years and equal number of age and sex matched apparently healthy subjects constituted comparison group. Cardiac autonomic nerve function was assessed by analyzing frequency domain parameters of Heart Rate Variability (HRV). HRV was recorded and analyzed by a data acquisition device, Powerlab 8/35, AD instruments, Australia. For evaluation of iron status, serum iron, serum ferritin, total iron binding capacity (TIBC) and transferrin saturation (Tsat) were measured. Data were expressed as mean±SD. Statistical analysis was done by Independent sample ‘t’ test and Pearson’s correlation coefficient test as applicable. Results: In this study, resting pulse rate, systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), low frequency (LF) norm and LF/HF(high frequency) were significantly higher (p£0.001) and total power, LF power, HF power, HF norm were significantly lower (p£0.001) in MetS patients compared to healthy subjects. Among the parameters of iron status, serum ferritin was significantly higher (p£0.05) and serum TIBC was significantly lower (p£0.05) in MetS patients than healthy subjects. On correlation analysis, only the serum TIBC showed significant (p£0.05) positive correlation with total power, LF power, HF power, HF norm in MetS patients. Conclusion: This study concludes that cardiac autonomic dysfunction may be related to higher iron status in MetS.
J Bangladesh Soc Physiol 2024;19(1): 1-8
Serum homocysteine, vitamin B12 andzinc level in autism spectrum disorder children in Dhaka city
Authors: Naznin Tahmina , Shahjadi Shorifa , Shimul Shanaz Khan
Published: February 2025

Background: Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a complex neurodevelopmental disorder with genetic and enviromental etiology. Homocysteine (Hcy) is a non-protein á-amino acid, its overproduction could add to the pathophysiology associated with autism. Serum homocysteine metabolism is closely related with vitamin B12 and zinc level for proper enzymatic function. Objectives: To evaluate the serum homocysteine, vitamin B12 and zinc level in children with autism spectrum disorder. Methods: This cross-sectional observational study was conducted on 35 diagnosed ASD children enrolled from parent’s forum of autistic children, Mohakhali, Dhaka.Age BMI mached apparently healthy children were control. Serum homocysteine, vitamin B12 and zinc level were estimated by automated analyzer. For statistical analysis students unpaired “t” test was done. Results: The mean value of serum homocysteine was significantly higher whereas the Vitamin B12 and Zinc level were lower in ASD than the control group. Conclusion: ASD children are prone to have higher homocysteine with lowered vitamin B12 and zinc level.
J Bangladesh Soc Physiol 2024;19(1): 29-34