bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
COST AND TIME ANALYSIS USING THE EARNED VALUE METHOD IN THE CONSTRUCTION PROJECT OF THE BPBD BUILDING COMPLEX IN PASURUAN DISTRICT
Authors: Cahyono Bagus , Marleno Risma , Oetomo Wateno
Published: March 2024

In the construction project of the Pasuruan Regency BPBD building complex which is currently still running, there have been problems related to the schedule for the implementation of its activities. The problem in question is the delay in the schedule for the implementation of its activities. where the results of the progress realization are not in accordance with the schedule plan, through this paper an evaluation is carried out related to performance in the field through an approach using the Earned Value Method. The data analysis process is carried out by calculating analysis indicators including BCWS, BCWP and ACWP. The results of the performance evaluation of the Pasuruan Regency BPBD building complex construction project using the Earned Value method show that the project has a negative deviation in the activity implementation schedule. The cost performance indicator on this project shows a Cost Performance Index (CPI) value of 1.137, which means that the costs incurred are greater than planned. While the time performance indicator shows a Schedule Performance Index (SPI) value of 0.949, which means the project is delayed from the planned schedule.
EVALUATION OF COST AND TIME PERFORMANCE OF KARETAN - SAMBIMULYO ROAD MAINTENANCE PROJECT IN BANYUWANGI DISTRICT
Authors: Harris Oscar , Marleno Risma , Oetomo Wateno
Published: March 2024

Along with technological developments in the field of project work implementation, it must also be accompanied by developments in the field of Management as a control function in the implementation of the project. In this case, the application of the Earned Value Concept Method is expected to be able to provide an alternative solution to the problem of evaluating the cost and time that has been spent on project implementation. The purpose of this study is to evaluate a project work that is being carried out, namely in the form of Maintenance of Karetan-Sambimulyo Road, Banyuwangi Regency against Time and Cost Control of the Project, so that it can be used as a reference material by the project implementer and the employer in terms of decision making whether the project is feasible to complete or not. The research was conducted at the end of week 21 (twenty-one), with different evaluation results, thus it can be concluded with the following description: a. Based on Cost Variance (CV) & Schedule Variance (SV) analysis results obtained: Work is carried out later than the schedule plan, costs are lower than the budget plan; b. Based on Cost Performance Index (CPI) & Schedule Performance Index (SPI): Profit but experiencing delays; c. Based on Estimation to Complete (ETC) & Estimation at Completion (EAC): Obtaining a profit of Rp. 263,004,000, 00-,; d. Based on Estimate Temporary Cost (ETC) & Estimate All Cost (EAS): Experienced a Time Delay of 2.09 Weeks.
THE INFLUENCE OF GREEN COCONUT WATER (COCOS NUCIFERA LINN VARIETY. VIRIDIS) ON THE REDUCTION OF MENSTRUAL PAIN (DYSMENORRHEA) IN FEMALE STUDENTS OF MTSS BABUN NAJAH BANDA ACEH
Authors: Desreza Nanda , Diana Novi , Masthura Syarifah
Published: March 2024

Menstruation marks the onset of a woman's reproductive phase. Dysmenorrhea is a common issue among young women, often affecting their daily routines. To alleviate dysmenorrhea symptoms, various approaches, both pharmacological and non-pharmacological, have been explored. One such non-pharmacological method involves consuming green coconut water, which is rich in calcium, magnesium, and vitamin C. This research aims to assess the impact of green coconut water (Cocos nucifera Linn variety Viridis) on reducing menstrual pain (dysmenorrhea) among students at Babun Najah Islamic State Junior High School in Banda Aceh. This study employed a quasi-experimental design with a pretest-posttest control group. The research population comprised 65 students, with 15 respondents participating in the study. Data collection took place from May 1st to 20th, 2023. The Wilcoxon test results for the pretest conducted on the first day yielded a mean score of 5.133, while the posttest on the third day resulted in a mean score of 0.733, with a significance value of 0.000, indicating a reduction in menstrual pain. The findings of this research suggest that the consumption of green coconut water (Cocos nucifera Linn variety Viridis) can effectively reduce dysmenorrhea among students at Babun Najah Islamic State Junior High School in Banda Aceh. It is recommended that respondents consider incorporating green coconut water into their routines to alleviate dysmenorrhea pain.
COST PERFORMANCE ANALYSIS USING EARNED VALUE METHOD ON PRESERVATION OF EXIT TOLL ROAD SECTION 5 PANDAAN MALANG
Authors: Mughni Amalia Fathimah Azh Zhahra , Tjendani Hanie Teki , Witjaksana Budi
Published: March 2024

The development of road or toll road infrastructure in a country can be used as a benchmark to determine the level of economic progress of a country, both macro and micro. The location of toll exits has a significant effect in absorbing labor and creating new business activities. Projects are dynamic, so contractors must be responsive to changes in situations and conditions on the project, if they want to succeed in reaping optimum profits. Aspects of planning a highly competitive construction at this time are very demanding on accuracy, effectiveness, efficiency, and economy in analyzing a project. In the world of construction projects, there are many things that can be done, one of which is cost control. In controlling costs, efforts can be made so that the realization of costs that occur is in accordance with the needs of implementation and is not excessive, such as cost suppression efforts, namely making savings without reducing quantity or quality. The Earned Value Method is used to determine project performance in terms of costs at one time, determine project performance in terms of schedule/time at one time, estimate costs to complete the project after the evaluation time and estimate the time to complete the project after the evaluation. In this research the author carried out a cost analysis using the Earned Value Method on the preservation of the Section 5 Pandaan Malang Toll Exit Road.
COMPARISON OF FEASIBILITY ANALYSIS OF INVESTMENT WITH GRAVITY SYSTEM AND PUMPING SYSTEM IN THE IKK IBU WATER SUPPLY, WEST HALMAHERA REGENCY
Authors: Prasetyo Baskoro Adhi , Muhammadun Haris , Nugroho Laksono Djoko
Published: March 2024

Water is a basic need for all living things on this earth, not least for individual humans themselves, that water is the support of daily activities for human survival. The average household water usage in Indonesia is 60 liters per day per person or 45% of the total usage is for drinking, cooking, washing clothes, cleaning houses and vehicles and performing worship. Kecamatan Ibu has a population of 12. 241 people who have not been covered by access to drinking water in the West Halmahera Regency area, but have a Drinking Water Supply System (SPAM) for the Sub-district Capital (IKK) which was built in 2004 supplying 700 house connections (SR) in 2 villages, namely; Maritango Village and Akeboso Village which is taken from Akeboso Spring of 20 L/Det, Since 2017 SPAM IKK Ibu has not functioned due to damage to the piping network due to road widening work, damage to generators and pumps, in this study the authors will analyze the feasibility of investment for 9 villages that will get water with a total population of 1. 102 people by estimating the Budget Plan Cost (RAB) using the PermenPU No. 1 of 2022 guidelines and calculating investment feasibility by calculating Net Present Value (NPV), Internal of Return (IRR), Benefit Cost Ratio (BCR) and Payback Period (PP) and the results obtained in the gravity system have a greater investment value of Rp 13,524,301,000 compared to the pumping system which is Rp 11,919,456,000 from the calculation of the Budget Plan Cost (RAB).
COST AND TIME ANALYSIS USING THE CRASHING METHOD ON THE PROBOLINGGO – BANYUWANGI TOLL ROAD PROJECT PEKET 2: STA 9+000 – 20+200
Authors: Nugraha Budidarma Ardi , Tjendani Hanie Teki , Witjaksana Budi
Published: March 2024

The government is building toll roads in various regions in Indonesia to realize economic acceleration and minimize economic inequality in society. However, based on facts on the ground, there are still many delays in toll road construction projects which are detrimental so it is necessary to take steps to accelerate the work. The aim of this research is to analyze the time and costs of accelerating the Probolinggo – Banyuwangi Toll Road construction project STA 9+000 – 20+200 using the Crashing Method. This type of research is quantitative research with the research subject being PT. Hutama Karya Indonesia (HKI) as the project implementing contractor. The research uses secondary data, namely the Draft Expenditure Budget (RAB), Schedule, weekly reports, and project costs for the completion of Toll Road construction work. The data collection method was carried out using observation and documentation methods. The research data analysis technique uses the Crashing. The results of research state: 1) On work on the Probolinggo – Banyuwangi Toll Road project Job STA 9+000 – 20 +200 job time can be accelerated to 311 days, which originally lasted 394 days. 2) Application of the Crashing Method to the Probolinggo Toll Road project– Banyuwangi STA Jobs 9+000 – 20+200 with critical path on public works, workplace cleaning, earthworks, drainage, sub grade, aggregate base layer, pavement, work others, traffic light lighting and electrical works, plazas Tolls, and work on toll facilities and toll gate offices can saving 115 days of work time with additions cost Rp. 72,941,450,191.64.
ANALYSIS OF RISK MANAGEMENT IN BUILDING WORKERS OF SMAN 5 BRAWIJAYA BUILDING KEDIRI
Authors: Setiawan Endik , Witjaksana Budi , TJendani Hanie Teki
Published: March 2024

Construction projects are a job sector that has level risks and work accident , this is caused consequence low awareness to application Occupational Safety and Health (K3) and in accordance with the regulations applicable legislation. Often application of K3 to a construction project considered only as a cost expense , not as an investment to prevent happen work accidents but can give level loss of the construction project. Kediri is city biggest third in East Java province after Surabaya and Malang according to population . Kediri City is city the oldest in East Java. SMAN 5 Taruna Brawijaya Kediri, East Java was built with the aim of support teaching and learning activities. Results of the analysis it can be categorized Work accidents among construction workers at SMAN 5 Brawijaya Kediri : Indiscipline workforce , Do not have standardization of good and clear K3 implementation, Refuse recommendation use of personal safety equipment , No evaluation system regarding the implementation of work in implementing K3, and unclear division of tasks in formation organization so it is not clear how to implement it.
DESIGN REVIEW ANALYSIS OF THE USE OF STONE HEAPS FROM STONE EXCAVATIONS IN THE PROBOLINGGO – BANYUWANGI TOLL ROAD CONSTRUCTION PROJECT SECTION 3
Authors: Abdul Q Muhammad Ali Hasymi , Witjaksana Budi , Tjendani Hanie Teki
Published: March 2024

In constructing a toll road, the road structure will be carried out by constructing embankments on the road. However, in practice it often causes elevation differences between the two land surfaces, thereby increasing the risk of landslides. The objectives of the research are 1) Identifying the impact if Common Borrow Material (CBM) embankment work is replaced by rock embankment from excavation results, 2) Determine the value engineering process steps related to completing alternative design selection if there are differences between the actual Detailed Engineering Design in the field and 3) Determine the strategy and design optimization for volume differences which have implications for additional costs and project implementation time. The research uses a combination of quantitative and qualitative research methods. The data analysis technique is carried out using the Zero-one and Cost Analysis methods. The research results prove that 1) Implementation of the design review method for changes in common borrow material dumping work requires innovation to reduce cost elements and match performance and quality. 2) Solving problems using the design review method in the civil works construction phase where the Detail Engineering Design and actual field conditions have different stages of value engineering analysis. 3) Based on function analysis to optimize cost savings for work items using design review, a Preliminary Design according to DED Rp. 4,068,258,782,670 and Design after RE Rp. IDR 3,987,286,153,268 so the cost reduction after implementing the design review for the work of piling stones from stone excavation results is IDR 80,972,629,402.
THE INFLUENCE OF BENSON RELAXATION TECHNIQUE ON PAIN REDUCTION IN PATIENTS AFTER CESAREAN SECTION SURGERY
Authors: Desreza Nanda , Riza Saiful , Zarita Nofrida
Published: March 2024

A Caesarean Section (C-section) is a surgical procedure in which a fetus is delivered through an incision made in the abdominal and uterine walls, provided that the uterus is intact, and the fetus weighs more than 500 grams. Abdominal incisions can cause pain. One non-pharmacological therapy that can be employed to alleviate post-operative abdominal pain in C-section patients is Benson Relaxation Therapy. This study aims to investigate the impact of Benson Relaxation Therapy on Pain Reduction in Post-Operative C-Section Patients. This research is categorized as a quasi-experimental study using a one-group pretest-posttest design approach. Data collection took place from August 15th to 26th, 2022, involving a population of 15 post-C-section mothers. Data were collected using both primary and secondary sources and analyzed using the Wilcoxon test, as well as univariate and bivariate analysis techniques. The study results showed a significant difference in pain levels before and after the administration of Benson Relaxation Therapy, with a p-value of 0.000 (<0.05). It is hoped that this research will enhance postpartum mothers' awareness of pain-reduction therapies, prompting them to consult healthcare professionals (doctors and nurses) and participate in seminars or workshops organized by relevant institutions.
HEMŞİRELER İLE BAKIM VERİCİLER ARASINDA ALGILANAN İLETİŞİM ENGELLERİ: PEDİATRİ KLİNİKLERİ ÖRNEĞİ
Authors: SARI Canan , ADIGÜZEL Leyla , Canan DEMİRBAĞ Birsel
Published: March 2024

Bu çalışmada pediatri kliniklerinde çalışan hemşireler ile çocuğu bu kliniklerde yatarak tedavi olan bakım vericilerin algıladıkları iletişim engellerinin belirlenmesi amaçlandı. Bir üniversite hastanesinde yürütülen tanımlayıcı çalışmanın örneklemini 59 hemşire ve 203 bakım verici oluşturdu. Çalışmanın verileri “Katılımcı Soru Formu” kullanılarak yüz yüze görüşme tekniği ile toplandı. Çalışmaya katılan hemşirelerin yaş ortalaması 35.23+7.37, %93.2’si kadın, %61’i evli, %76.3’ü en az lisans mezunu olduğu, %16.9’unun hemşire olarak çalışmaktan memnun olmadığı, %62.7’sinin eğitim sürecinde iletişim becerilerine yönelik eğitim aldığı ve %27.1’inin bakım vericiler ile iletişim kurarken güçlük yaşadığını düşündüğü saptandı. Bakım vericilerin yaş ortalaması 35.25+7.16, %83.7’si kadın, %57.2’si ev hanımı ve %19.7’sinin hemşireler ile iletişim kurarken güçlük yaşadığı belirlendi. Hemşirelerin %96.6 yoğun çalışma, %93.2’si yorgun olması, %93.2’si ortamın kalabalık ve gürültülü olmasına bağlı bakım vericiler ile iletişim kurmakta zorlandıkları saptandı. Bakım vericilerin ise %90.1’i hemşirelerin kendilerine güler yüzle davranmadığı, %86.7’sinin ise yeterli ilgi göstermediği için iletişim kurmakta zorlandıkları belirlendi. Hemşirelerin cinsiyeti, eğitim durumu ve medeni durumu ile bakım vericiler ile iletişim kurarken güçlük yaşama durumu arasında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı farklılık saptandı (p<0.05). Sonuç olarak kliniklerde çalışan hemşire sayısının artırılması, çalışma saatlerinin düzenlenmesi ve hemşirelerin terapötik iletişim becerilerinin geliştirilmesi amacına yönelik çalıştıkları kurumlarda planlı ve düzenli eğitimler düzenlenmesi önerilmektedir.
0-1 YAŞ GRUBU BEBEĞI OLAN ANNELERIN ANI BEBEK ÖLÜM SENDROMU RISK FAKTÖRLERI HAKKINDA BILGI VE DAVRANIŞLARININ DEĞERLENDIRILMESI
Authors: ÇİĞDEM Zerrin , CANBAL Sibel , YAVAŞ ÇELİK Melike
Published: March 2024

Bu çalışma, 0-1 yaş arası bebeği olan annelerin Ani Bebek Ölüm Sendromu (ABÖS)’e ilişkin risk faktörleri hakkında bilgi düzeylerini değerlendirmek ve sosyo-demografik değişkenlerle ilişkisini belirlemek amacıyla yapılmıştır. Araştırma 0-1 yaş arasında bebeği olan 375 anne ile yapılmıştır. Araştırmanın örneklemi tabakalı basit tesadüfi örneklem yöntemi ile belirlendi. Veriler araştırmacılar tarafından oluşturulan sorular ile toplanmıştır. Veriler SPSS programında analiz edildi. Annelerin %5,3(20)’nin kendisinin ya da akrabasının ani bebek ölümü yaşadığı belirlendi. Annelerin yarısından fazlası (%64,3; n=241) evin ısınmasının soba ile sağlandığını belirtirken, %94,7’sinin (n=355) aile ve akraba çevresinde ani bebek ölümünün görülmediğini, %5,3(20)’nin ise ani bebek ölümü tanımladığı belirlendi. Annelerin %52.5’inin (n=197) doğum öncesi/sonrası bebek bakımına yönelik bilgi/eğitim aldıkları belirlendi. Bebek bakımı ile ilgili bilgi/eğitim aldığını belirten annelerin bu bilgi/eğitimleri birden fazla kaynaktan aldıkları ve bu kaynağın en yüksek oranda (%97.0; n=191) hemşire ve ebe olduğu görüldü. Annelerin ani bebek ölüm sendromu açısından risk oluşturacak birçok girişimde(bebeği yanlış pozisyonda yatırma, bebeğin yüzüne uyurken tülbent örtme, bebeği uyurken yanında yatırma, bebeği sıkı sıkı battaniyeye sarma, bebek uyurken bebeğin ağzına sokabileceği yabancı meteryalleri yanında bulundurma, bebeğin uyuduğu yatağın ani bebek ölüm sendromu açısından risk oluşturacak şekilde tercih edilmesi) bulundukları belirlendi. Annelerin ani bebek ölüm sendromu hakkında bilgilerinin yetersiz olduğu anlaşıldı.
Performance Comparison of Standard Polysomnographic Parameters Used in the Diagnosis of Sleep Apnea
Authors: Arslan Tuncer Seda , Çiçek Yakup , Tuncer Taner
Published: March 2024

Obstructive sleep apnea (OSAS), which is one of the leading sleep disorders and can result in death if not diagnosed and treated early, is most often confused with snoring. OSAS disease, the prevalence of which varies between 0.9% and 1.9% in Turkey, is a serious health problem that occurs as a result of complete or partial obstruction of the respiratory tract during sleep, resulting in sleep disruption, poor quality sleep, paralysis and even death in sleep. Polysomnography signal recordings (PSG) obtained from sleep laboratories are used for the diagnosis of OSAS, which is related to factors such as the individual's age, gender, neck diameter, smoking-alcohol consumption, and the occurrence of other sleep disorders. Polysomnography is used in the diagnosis and treatment of sleep disorders such as snoring, sleep apnea, parasomnia (abnormal behaviors during sleep), narcolepsy (sleep attacks that develop during the day) and restless legs syndrome. It allows recording various parameters such as brain waves, eye movements, heart and chest activity measurement, respiratory activities, and the amount of oxygen in the blood with the help of electrodes placed in different parts of the patient's body during night sleep. In this article, the performance of PSG signal data for the diagnosis of sleep apnea was examined on the basis of both signal parameters and the method used. First, feature extraction was made from PSG signals, then the feature vector was classified with Artificial Neural Networks, Support Vector Machine (SVM), k-Nearest Neighbors (k-NN) and Logistic Regression (LR).
PERILAKU MEMILIH MASYARAKAT DESA NAIOLA PADA PILKADA 2020 (Studi Kasus di Desa Naiola, Kecamatan Bikomi Selatan, Kabupaten Timor Tengah Utara)
Authors: Funan Reineldis , Festianto Dian , Seran Marisa S.B.
Published: March 2024

Tujuan Penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui perilaku memilih masyarakat desa Naiola pada pilkada 2020. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah deskriptif kualitatif yaitu menggambarkan keadaan objek pada masa sekarang secar kualitatif data yang diperoleh dari penelitian. Sumber data yang digunakan adalah sumber data primer dan data sekunder dengan sumber informen 20 orang. Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan data observasi, wawancara dan dokumentasi. Teknik analisis data digunkan yaitu redusi data, penyajian data, dan penarikan kesimpulan. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa (1) pendekatan sosiologis, masyarakat desa Naiola pada pendekatan sosiologis yaitu masyarakat memilih calon kepala daerah melihat dari suku bangsa dan tempat asal suatu calon sehingga kedepanya bisa dapat bertanggung jawab dalam membangun daerah asalnya. (2) pendekatan rasional, masyarakat melihat dari visi dan misi calon kepala daerah. Karena masyarakat sangat memprihatinkan visi dan misi yang jelas dari calon, beserta program-program yang akan di jalankan dengan begitu akan jelas arah kepemimpinan kedepanya. (3) pendekatan psiologis, masyarakat tidak terlalu memperhatikan identitas partai, dan masih ada pemilih melakukan pemilihan hanya karena poster da
Penerapan Project Based Learning Pada Mata Kuliah Matematika Diskrit Untuk Meningkatkan Kemampuan Pemecahan Masalah
Authors: Rifki Ristiawan  , Noni Selvia  , Nurfidah Dwitiyanti
Published: March 2024

Learning that focuses on students' problem-solving abilities is the focus of higher education. Students who are able to develop critical thinking skills in solving problems are a necessity along with changes in workforce capability needs in the informatics era. One of the mathematics lessons at the higher education unit level is discrete mathematics. The problem that arises in discrete mathematics learning is that learning outcomes and the percentage of students completing lectures are still relatively low. The aim of this research is to improve students' solving abilities through the application of the project based learning method. This research uses classroom action research methods. The application of the project based learning method in discrete mathematics courses with graph material can improve students' abilities in solving mathematical problems, this can be seen from the research results after corrective actions were taken in learning activities in Cycles I and II. Based on the research results, it shows that through project-based learning, third semester RB class students in the Informatics Engineering Education Program at Indraprasta University PGRI Jakarta have improved their ability to solve mathematical problems in terms of individual grades and classical completion.
“Their heritage language suddenly plays a role” – Teachers’ beliefs on integrating multilingual linguistic landscapes in the plurilingual language classroom
Authors: Brinkmannn Lisa Marie
Published: March 2024

The aim of this article is to analyse teachers’ beliefs on integrating multilingual linguistic landscapes into the plurilingual language classroom. In an empirical study, a focus group interview was conducted with teachers of Spanish, French and Latin who have worked with linguistic landscapes in the realm of a language project day. Since teachers have generally positive beliefs towards plurilingualism, it remains underexplored what beliefs underlie their perspectives, namely heteroglossic and/or monoglossic perspectives. Using discourse and content analysis, beliefs can be placed on a continuum from a heteroglossic perspective (on plurilingual groups, interdisciplinarity and connecting languages) to a monoglossic perspective (on the special status of certain languages). Within this continuum, there are tensions in terms of ideologies, school structures, and teachers’ critical awareness that have the potential to lead to the co-construction of knowledge and learner-centred pedagogies.
Learning from the streets: a state-of-the-art review about Linguistic Landscapes and Global Citizenship Education
Authors: Parrança da Silva Francisco
Published: March 2024

In this article we discuss how Linguistic Landscapes (LL) as a pedagogical tool can be applied in the framework of Global Citizenship Education (GCE). We explore the pedagogical use of LL, which are the visible representation of multilingualism and diversity in public spaces, and their role for GCE practices. Research about LL has revealed their potential to support the development of students’ critical awareness of diversity, empathy towards culturally and linguistically diverse others, and agency for Social Linguistic Justice. The article emphasizes the synergistic relationship between GCE and LL. Through a comprehensive state-of-the-art literature review in both fields, in this article we argue for the potential of using LL as a pedagogical tool to promote GCE. Our conclusions underscore the potential of LL as a pedagogical tool that can support students to become critically informed, empathetic, and actively engaged global citizens, thus contributing to a more sustainable world.
La justicia penal juvenil en Argentina
Authors: Medan Marina
Published: March 2024

Este libro aborda la justicia penal juvenil en Argentina. Se ocupa de describir, analizar y comprender algunas de las transformaciones normativas, institucionales y prácticas que vienen sucediéndose desde el inicio del siglo XXI en esta materia. La llegada del enfoque restaurativo al ámbito penal juvenil es quizás la innovación central y, como tal, provoca un conjunto de debates sobre cómo entender y gestionar el delito juvenil, en un contexto en el que conviven aspiraciones punitivas con persistentes demandas por la garantía de derechos humanos para los adolescentes en conflicto con la ley.

En las páginas del libro, diversos actores y escenarios confluyen para componer una mirada relacional sobre la justicia juvenil. Se aspira a que ésta permita captar sus inercias y persistencias, pero también su dinamismo, heterogeneidad y conflictividad. La perspectiva socioantropológica que atraviesa las investigaciones que dan fruto a los capítulos busca enlazar los contextos políticos, sociales e históricos en los que la justicia juvenil toma forma con la cotidiana construcción de las causas penales, las decisiones judiciales y administrativas, las explicaciones sobre el delito juvenil y las disputas sobre las responsabilidades sociales e individuales del problema.
A novel insight into the neuroprotective effects of cannabidiol: maintained apelin/dopamine synthesis, NRF2 signaling, and AKT/CREB/BDNF gene expressions
Authors: Doğan Ünlü Melike , Aşçı Sanem , İmeci Orhan , Milletsever Adem , Özmen Özlem , Sezer Serdar , Demirci Serpil
Published: March 2024

Neuroinflammation is a process associated with degeneration and loss of neurons in different parts of the brain. The most important damage mechanisms in its formation are oxidative stress and inflammation. This study aimed to investigate the protective effects of cannabidiol (CBD) against neuroinflammation through various mechanisms. Thirty‑two female rats were randomly divided into 4 groups as control, lipopolysaccharide (LPS), LPS + CBD and CBD groups. After six hours following LPS administration, rats were sacrificed, brain and cerebellum tissues were obtained. Tissues were stained with hematoxylin‑eosin for histopathological analysis. Apelin and tyrosine hydroxylase synthesis were determined immunohistochemically. Total oxidant status and total antioxidant status levels were measured, and an oxidative stress index was calculated. Protein kinase B (AKT), brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), cyclic‑AMP response element‑binding protein (CREB) and nuclear factor erythroid 2‑related factor 2 (NRF2) mRNA expression levels were also determined. In the LPS group, hyperemia, degeneration, loss of neurons and gliosis were seen in all three tissues. Additionally, Purkinje cell loss in the cerebellum, as well as neuronal loss in the cerebral cortex and hippocampus, were found throughout the LPS group. The expressions of AKT, BDNF, CREB and NRF2, apelin and tyrosine hydroxylase synthesis all decreased significantly. CBD treatment reversed these changes and ameliorated oxidative stress parameters. CBD showed protective effects against neuroinflammation via regulating AKT, CREB, BDNF expressions, NRF2 signaling, apelin and tyrosine hydroxylase synthesis.
Penerapan Model Pembelajaran Problem Based Learning Terhadap Hasil Belajar dan Minat Siswa Pada Materi Laju Reaksi Di SMA Katolik Medan XI IPA 4
Authors: Purba Ernita , Munzirwan Rudi
Published: March 2024

This study aims to determine: (1) Knowing the increase of learning outcomes of Trisakti Catholic High School students by applying the Problem Based Learning to the reaction rate material (2) Knowing the responses of Trisakti Catholic High School students by applying the Problem Based Learning on the subject of reaction rates. This type of research includes experimental research. This research was conducted at XI IPA Trisakti Catholic High School. The population in this study were students of class XI IPA Trisakti Catholic High School in the first semester of Academic year 2021 who were studying the reaction rates. The sample of this study was only taken one class where all students of XI IPA-4 Trisakti Catholic High School were 30 students. Sampling was done by purposive sampling method. The instruments used are test instruments to measure learning outcomes and non-test instruments to measure learning motivation. The analysis technique used the average test value, the percentage increase in learning outcomes, normality test, homogeneity test, hypothesis testing and gain test. The results obtained that the average value of the experimental class for pretest and posttest data was 57.25 and 83.5. The data on the normality and homogeneity test obtained data with normal distribution and homogeneous data. The results of the hypothesis test were carried out by testing the one sample t-test using a significant level of = 0.05, the thit value was 8.747. The Problem Based Learning developed on the subject of reaction rates is higher than the specified minimum completeness criteria (KKM) (KKM 70). The gain test was carried out with the N-Gain value of 81.82%, so it was included in the high category. It is proven that the chemistry learning outcomes of students who are taught using the Problem Based Learning developed on the subject of reaction rates make students learning outcomes increase
Pengembang modul berbasis Problem Based Learning (PBL) terintegrasi literasi sains pada materi laju reaksi kimia
Authors: Sembiring Hanna Grace , Sutiani Ani
Published: March 2024

This research is a type of Research and Development (R&D) research that aims to develop a problembased learning (PBL) module integrated with science literacy on reaction rate materials. The subject of this study is an integrated PBL-based module of science literacy. The object of this study is the material of the Chemical Reaction Rate. This study refers to the steps, Borg and Gall but is limited to 5 steps or stages. The steps begin with data and information collection, PBL-based module development planning, initial product development, initial field trials, and revision of trial results. The modules that have been developed are validated by 3 material expert validators and 3 media expert validators. Then, the module was tested on 2 teachers and class XI-IPA 2 students totaling 30 students of SMA Negeri 7 Medan. Meanwhile, to see the attractiveness of the module, a data collection method was carried out using a research instrument in the form of a questionnaire. The results showed that the PBL-based module integrated science literacy on chemical reaction rate materials declared eligible after validation by obtaining an average percentage of material experts of 84.63% with a valid / feasible category and an average percentage of media experts of 84.41% with a valid / feasible category. And it was declared interesting after obtaining an average percentage of teacher responses of 93.45% with a very interesting category and an average percentage of student responses of 86.77% with a very interesting category.
Aneurisma gigante del seno de Valsalva en un paciente con malformaciones obstructivas izquierdas: reporte de caso y revisión de literatura
Authors: Hernández José Luis Lucho , Sandoval Antonio Salgado , Castrejon Luis Mauricio Padilla , Delgado Raymundo Noe Delgado
Published: March 2024

Los aneurismas del seno de Valsalva (ASV) se producen por una debilidad en la pared aórtica a nivel de la íntima, provocando la dilatación y formación de una bolsa ciega en uno de los senos aórticos (habitualmente del derecho). Es una rara condición que puede ser congénita o adquirida; su ruptura puede condicionar manifestaciones clínicas severas e incluso la muerte. El ecocardiograma en sus diferentes modalidades juega un papel importante en el diagnóstico de los aneurismas del seno de Valsalva, con una sensibilidad mayor al 90% y puede revelar asociación con trombos, vegetaciones y aneurismas pequeños. Se presenta el caso de un paciente de 15 años con antecedente de estenosis aórtica severa y formación de un aneurisma gigante del seno de Valsalva derecho con trombos en su interior, clínicamente asintomático pero cursando con disfunción sistólica mediante ecocardiografía.
Estudo da influência do resfriamento de grãos de milho na presença de micotoxinas: aflatoxinas; Zearalenona (ZEA); Deoxinivalenol (DON); e Fumosina (FUMO)
Authors: Mafra Joyce Bueno , Christian Divair
Published: March 2024

Micotoxinas são metabólitos secundários, com caráter tóxico, provenientes de algumas espécies de fungos. A toxicidade das micotoxinas em alimentos tem impacto significativo no comércio internacional, resultando em consideráveis prejuízos. Em resposta a essa questão, diversos países implementaram legislações com o intuito de resguardar os consumidores dos efeitos prejudiciais decorrentes da ingestão de alimentos contaminados por micotoxinas. O objetivo deste estudo é avaliar os efeitos do resfriamento artificial na presença de micotoxinas no milho armazenado em silo metálico, em comparação ao sistema convencional de aeração. O experimento foi realizado durante a safra 2023, em uma unidade armazenadora de grãos em uma cooperativa no município de Jesuítas, Paraná, região Sul do Brasil. Para isso, foram utilizados quatro silos metálicos, com capacidade aproximada de 3.000 mil toneladas cada; dois silos foram utilizados para o tratamento e dois para o controle. O tratamento consistiu na aplicação de resfriamento artificial, insuflando aproximadamente 10.000 m3 h-1 de ar frio a 12 °C, durante 260 h, por meio do sistema de aeração com equipamento móvel. As amostras serão coletadas no 1° (30/08/2023), 78º (17/11/2023) e no último dia (18/01/2024) do experimento. A temperatura e o teor de água dos grãos armazenados foram correlacionados com a qualidade. Para a análise das micotoxinas, foram coletadas amostras de 20 kg/cada em cinco pontos e duas profundidades totalizando 10 pontos por silo.  As análises da presença de micotoxinas foram realizadas por meio de Cromatografia Líquida de Alta Eficiência (CLAE ou, em inglês, High Performance Liquid Chromatography – HPLC), em um laboratório credenciado. Todas as amostras de micotoxinas zearalenona (ZEA); deoxinivalenol (DON); e fumosina (FUMO), análisadas foram detectados valores acima do límite recomendado pela legislação brasileira, destaca-se a fota de que não foram encontrados aflatoxinas em nenhuma amostra. Mesmo com a variação de temperatura no decorrer dos meses não foi possivel estabelecer uma correlaçao entre temperatura/micotoxinas, há hipotese é que os grãos já vieram contaminados do campo com as micotoxinas.
Epidemiologia das infecções relacionadas à assistência à saúde em vítimas de neurotrauma em um hospital de referência no Pará, no ano de 2020
Authors: De Oliveira Letícia Gomes , De Sousa Monica Santiago , Sampaio Daniela Lima , Cruz Jacqueline Aviz Marques , Santos Marina Pereira Queiroz dos , Firmino Marta Gleice , Trindade Yasmin do Socorro Lopes , Campelo Mayla Victoria Braz , Sena Carmem Lucia Pacheco de , Pamplona Mônica Custódia do Couto Abreu
Published: March 2024

Introdução: O Traumatismo Cranioencefálico e o Raquimedular são as principais patologias de base para o desenvolvimento de Infecções Relacionadas a Assistência à Saúde (IRAS), pois podem deprimir o sistema imunológico e facilitar a invasão do patógeno. Objetivo: Descrever o perfil clínico e epidemiológico das vítimas de neurotrauma que adquiriram infecções relacionadas à assistência à saúde, em um hospital de referência em trauma, Ananindeua, Pará, Brasil, no período de 2020. Metodologia: Estudo transversal, retrospectivo, documental, com abordagem quantitativa, realizado no Hospital Metropolitano de Urgência e Emergência, Ananindeua, Pará, Brasil, no ano de 2020. Foi realizado o levantamento de todos os casos de infecções no ano de 2020 no Serviço de Controle de Infecção Hospitalar. Foi realizado as análises descritivas das variáveis, análises exploratórias e análises bivariada por meio do teste Qui-quadrado de Pearson. Resultados: Foram agrupados 40 casos de infecções hospitalares com neurotrauma. A maioria eram do sexo masculino, na faixa etárias de 18 a 27 anos. Pode-se aferir que as infecções do trato respiratório foram as mais recorrentes em 37,5%, seguido das infecções do trato urinário em 27,5%. A clínica mais atingida foi a cirúrgica em 35,0%. O A. baumannii foi o mais frequente em 22,5%. Em relação aos desfechos, a maioria teve alta hospitalar por cura, em 65,0%. Conclusão: Medidas de prevenção e controle quando planejadas e executadas em parceria entre as equipes assistenciais e serviço de controle de infecção hospitalar, visitantes e acompanhantes dos pacientes impactam em resultados significativos no controle de eventos adversos e segurança dos pacientes.
Indicadores de saneamento básico: estudo de caso da cidade de Conceição – PB
Authors: Oliveira Maria Aparecida Bezerra , Santos Gléydson Giordan Oliveira dos , Santos José Vandertônio dos , Andrade Elysson Marcks Gonçalves
Published: March 2024

Abastecimento de água e esgotamento sanitário são vertentes de uma grande área: O Saneamento Básico. Cada uma destas linhas de serviço necessita de correta gestão e infraestrutura básica; a carência desses sistemas acarretam impactos ambientais e de saúde pública que refletem e prejudicam na qualidade e salubridade de vida da população. Assim, o objetivo deste trabalho é analisar de maneira qualiquantitativa e descritiva os indicadores de saneamento básico da cidade de Conceição – PB. Os procedimentos metodológicos contemplaram: levantamento bibliográfico sobre o saneamento básico a nível nacional, regional e local, indicadores de saneamento, coleta de dados do Sistema Nacional de Informações sobre Saneamento e da Pesquisa Nacional de Saneamento Básico; delimitação de duas áreas de pesquisa na cidade a ter seus índices de cobertura de saneamento analisados. De forma sequencial, foi elaborado um questionário individual padronizado sobre as condições de saneamento da localidade, respondido pelos habitantes das áreas de pesquisa; dessa forma, foram comparados os dados obtidos neste estudo de caso com os obtidos junto aos órgãos da administração pública direta. Como resultado da sistematização dos índices obtidos, evidenciou-se as áreas onde a estratégia de saneamento da cidade é deficitária logo, com atendimento menos eficiente e/ou inexistente; foram propostas, ainda, alternativas viáveis de aperfeiçoamento do complexo de saneamento básico urbano, de modo a colaborar com o aperfeiçoamento do desenvolvimento municipal.
CONSUMERS’ BEHAVIOUR AND THEIR WILLINGNESS TO ACCEPT GREEN PACKAGING: A CASE STUDY IN VIETNAM
Authors: Thuy Dang Thi Dieu , Thuy Nguyen Bich
Published: March 2024

Objectives: This study specifically focuses on examining customers' purchasing behaviour and their acceptance of green packaging as a replacement for single-use plastic bags.
 
Method: The data used in this study are primary, including survey data obtained from the respondents. We designed a questionnaire related to examining customers' purchasing behaviour and their acceptance of green packaging. We determined the observed variables (scales) of examining customers' purchasing behaviour and their acceptance of green packaging based on previous studies. Structural Equation Modelling and Willingness to Accept models were utilised to achieve the study's objectives.
 
Results: The results demonstrate that personal attitude statistically significantly influences respondents' purchasing behaviour. Moreover, the findings indicate that the expenditure level and the types of green packaging have an impact on the respondents' willingness to accept green packaging as a substitute for single-use plastic bags.
 
Conclusions: This article is an academic contribution that enables understanding of customers' purchasing behaviour and their acceptance of green packaging. To promote the use of green packaging, it is crucial for business planners to prioritise obtaining and maintaining necessary certifications for their green products. It is imperative for policy-makers to actively assume a crucial role in promoting the adoption of green packaging through official government channels, public institutions, and targeted communication campaigns.
A scribal device in oral clothing: functions of formulaic language in early Chinese divinatory texts
Authors: Pischedda Flaminia
Published: March 2024

This paper aims at broadening the scope of what the term ‘formula’ encompasses by studying a written context of formulaic applications and their complex connections to ritual performance. More specifically, it examines the interplay between the oral and the written in the language of the late Shang 商 (ca. 1230–1046 BC) oracle bone inscriptions (OBI). Drawing on the study on ‘formulaicity’ by Wray and Perkins, I propose a definition of formulae based on the OBI evidence and identify the structure-based formulaic types as found in the divinatory records. I then discuss the functions that formulae perform in the divinatory record. I suggest that formulae should be considered a scribal device, a set of stock phrases and technical words used by the scribes to record divination results. They formed a toolkit which was meant to facilitate the composition of written records on hard media. The writing act occurred after (and separately from) the oral divinatory act. Therefore, the oral and written coexisted but were independent from each other within the context of divinatory performance.
‘Going through all these things twice’: the repeated phrase and the refrain in Geoffrey Chaucer’s Troilus and Criseyde
Authors: Carter H.C.
Published: March 2024

Geoffrey Chaucer’s (1343–1400) repeated phrases are a conundrum. Nancy Mason Bradbury has referred to them as ‘formulas’; Derek Brewer has described Chaucer’s poems as having a ‘traditional formulaic style’. But why would a literate poet make use of a device that tends to be associated with orality? This paper offers an alternative comparandum for Chaucer’s repeated phrases: the refrain. As well as writing narrative poetry, Chaucer acknowledges at the end of The Canterbury tales that during his career he has written ‘many a song and many a leccherous lay’ (‘many a song and many a lascivious ditty’). Few of these songs survive, but one in particular—a ballade  known as ‘To Rosemounde’—shows Chaucer to have a keen facility with the paradoxical potential of the refrain. ‘To Rosemounde’ survives in only one manuscript copy, paired with Chaucer’s narrative poem Troilus and Criseyde. This manuscript pairing, and Chaucer’s frequent presentation of Troilus and Criseyde itself as a ‘song’, invites a comparison of the poem’s repeated phrases to the refrains of a song lyric. In Troilus, phrases that are repeated at crucial moments—such as ‘I can no more’ and ‘without more’—emulate refrains by holding repetition and closure in an unstable synthesis.
The recurring collocation of vreiðr and vega in Old Norse poetry
Authors: Parkhouse James
Published: March 2024

Poetry in early Germanic vernaculars exhibits variations on a metrical form predicated on a pattern of alliterating stressed syllables linking two halves of a line (in contrast to syllabic metres in which scansion requires a fixed number of syllables per line). This gave rise to the phenomenon of recurring alliterative collocations: the repeated combination of alliterating words or word-roots within a given poetic corpus. It is likely that such collocations originated, like formulae in oral-formulaic theory developed by Milman Parry and A.B. Lord, as building blocks for extempore composition during performance. However, there is strong evidence that Old Norse poetry was composed deliberatively and memorized for performance. Recurring collocations in Old Norse verse therefore reflect conscious artistic design rather than compositional expediency. This article focuses on one such collocation—the adjective vreiðr (angry) and the verb vega (to fight, to strike)—as a case study of the way in which composers of Old Norse eddic verse exploited the traditional resonances of certain collocations to shape audience understanding of character and plot.
Coupled Vibration Analysis of a Beam-Arch Composite Continuous Rigid Structure with Parallel Traffic Flow
Authors: Han Rui
Published: March 2024

To investigate the structural dynamic characteristics of a beam-arch composite continuous rigid structure bridge under the action of parallel moving loads on a multi-lane highway, a joint simulation analysis program based on Easy Language and ANSYS was developed. This study was conducted using a six-span beam-arch composite continuous rigid structure bridge located in Shaanxi Province as the reference project. The research focused on the most adverse dynamic coupled responses of the main beam midspan, arch crown, and suspension rods caused by double-axle cars, double-axle trucks, and three-axle trucks on a single-direction three-lane road surface.
Examining the Impact of Adolescents' Metaverse Perception on E-health Literacy and Perceptions of Healthy Living
Authors: Coşkun Adnan Batuhan , ELMAOĞLU Erhan
Published: March 2024

Objective: This study investigates the potential impact of metaverse perception among adolescents aged 15-19 living in [REDACTED FOR PEER REVIEW] on their e-health literacy and beliefs in healthy lifestyle practices.Method: The research, a cross-sectional and correlational design, was conducted with a total of 304 adolescents between April 25, 2023, and May 30, 2023. Data collection tools included a socio-demographic information form, the Adolescent Healthy Lifestyle Beliefs Scale, the E-Health Literacy Scale, and the Metaverse Scale. The collected data were analyzed using SPSS 25.0 statistical software.Findings: 70.4% of the adolescents participating in the study are female, 74.7% belong to the middle-income group, and 39.8% are university students. Regarding parental education level, 54.6% of the participants' mothers and 42.4% of their fathers have completed primary education. The average age of the adolescents is 17.36, and the average number of siblings is 4.90. A significant relationship was found between the Healthy Lifestyle Beliefs Scale and the Metaverse Scale, with e-health literacy playing a mediating role in this relationship.Conclusion: The findings reveal that the perception of the metaverse has a significant impact on adolescents' beliefs about healthy lifestyles and their e-health literacy. Further comprehensive research is needed to explore the nature of this relationship and its potential applications.
Ius cogens along with international morality and the problem of the invalidity of Poland's renunciation of war reparations
Authors: Komarnicka-Nowak Beata , Nowak Wiktoria
Published: March 2024

The article contains an analysis of the problem of the invalidity of Poland's renunciation of war reparations against the background of the provisions of the Vienna Convention on the Law of Treaties. Analysing the reasons for invalidity, the authors point to their existence in the context of the declaration of renouncing reparations in 1953, also referring to the circumstances surrounding those historical events. The article also contains a reference to the issue of international morality.