bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Appropriate Technologies for African Cities: A Problem-driven Approach
Authors: Park Mindy , Jung Kangsoo , Ahn Kyeunghye , Kim Eunjung , Noh Hwayoung , Kim Byoungyoon
Published: January 2025

Developing appropriate technological solutions starts from a proper understanding of the underlying context and problems. With urbanisation, industrialisation, and technology all closely knitted together, cities are often the very places where many of such fundamental issues actually take shape, both physically and systemically. To better understand the local needs, with a broader goal to draw out technological implications suited for Africa, this paper thus explores the urban context of 6 African cities - Dar-es-Salaam (Tanzania), Accra (Ghana), Addis Ababa (Ethiopia) Nairobi (Kenya), Lagos (Nigeria) and Lilongwe (Malawi). The results of the paper, which summarise key areas of focus including both challenges and opportunities in each of the cities studied, present invaluable knowledge and insights for scientists and engineers. The insights can help them to tailor their technologies to grapple with the local contexts and needs. In addition to broadening our local knowledge, the paper also makes practical contributions to making sustainable and inclusive tech policy and developing more impactful science ODA projects/programmes by informing a wide range of practitioners as well as policymakers in the field of appropriate technology and global technology cooperation.
Innovative Design of Excess Electricity Usage from an Islanding Micro-Hydroturbine System as an Alternative to Dump Load. A Case Study of Hhaynu River – Mbulu, Tanzania
Authors: Ngoma Daniel H. , Masenga Banet , Petro Lucy
Published: January 2025

In rural electrification projects, microhydro turbine systems are suitable for supplying electricity to off-grid areas where water resources are available. The design configuration of micro-hydro turbine systems consists of a water intake system, turbine system and generator system. The power of the water drives the turbine to produce mechanical power that drives the generator to produce electrical power that is supplied to the load demand. In many off-grid and rural areas of developing countries such as Tanzania, where the population density is low, the energy demand is relatively low compared to the power supply at most times of the day. To bridge this gap with the existing microhydro turbine system design, new knowledge on energy storage technologies needs to be studied. This phenomenon is demonstrated in this research project by using hydrogen energy storage. The available excess electricity, instead of being stored into the batteries or sent to dump ballast loads, is used to power the electrolyser system that produces hydrogen gas, which is stored as energy. This new energy utilization approach has been proven to increase the energy storage capacity by eliminating 68.37% of the excess energy needed for the dump load and increasing the excess energy storage from 31.63% for the battery system to 100% for the electrolyser system.
Evaluation of MC-LR Removal by Sodium Hypochlorite Disinfection as Best Available Technology (BAT) for Algal Toxin Removal
Authors: Yun Jun , Shahi Nirmal Kumar , Maeng Minsoo , Dockko Seok
Published: January 2025

Harmful cyanobacteria produce various toxic substances, among which microcystin is the most commonly detected toxin in water resources, with microcystin-LR(MC-LR) known to be the most toxic. For the removal of microcystin, sodium hypochlorite(NaOCl) disinfection is recognized as an effective best available technology(BAT) in water treatment facilities for MC-LR removal, within limits that minimize the formation of disinfection by-products. However, chlorine disinfection of microcystin is affected by various factors, including temperature and pH, with environmental factors such as the presence of organic matter in raw water potentially influencing the efficiency of microcystin removal. In this study, raw water was collected from the Nakdong River, and Intracellular Organic Matter(IOM) was extracted from algal cells. NaOCl was then added to both the IOM raw water and DI water to assess the chlorine disinfection rate of MC-LR removal and to analyze the pseudo-first-order reaction kinetics, evaluating the impact of organic matter in raw water on MC-LR chlorination. The results showed that the MC-LR removal rate in IOM by chlorine disinfection was a maximum of 17%, while the MC-LR removal in deionized water reached up to 99%. The pseudo-first-order reaction rate constants were 3.99×10-5s-1 and 9.11×10-4s-1 for IOM and deionized water, respectively, indicating that MC-LR removal in IOM was slower and had a lower removal rate compared to that in deionized water. This study demonstrates that chlorine disinfection is suitable as the BAT for algal toxin removal and highlights the need to reduce the amount of organic matter through pre-treatment before chlorine disinfection.
Spreading the Desalination Technology as the Appropriate Option for the Drinking Water in Vietnam
Authors: Jeong Seongpil , Cho Kyungjin , Hagos Fana Mulugeta , Licto Ana Gabrela Chuquer , Lee Chaeyoung , Loi Vu Duc , Viet Hoang Anh , Quang Phan Ngoc , Dung Le Quynh
Published: January 2025

Water scarcity is the one of the global risks. In order to compensate the sudden decrease in the water supply due to the increase in water demand and sudden variations of water resources due to the climate change, the alternative water resource could be required. Desalination technology is the water production method which can produce the fresh water from the seawater, the unlimited water resource on earth. In the Mekong delta area, Vietnam, the feasible water resources are the rainwater, groundwater, and Mekong river water. Because the climate in the Mekong delta area, Vietnam has the distinct rainy and dry seasons, the seawater intrusion has been occurred during the dry season due to the decreased Mekong river water by the Dam construction in the upper estuary and the increased seawater level. Therefore, the Mekong river water and groundwater have been affected by the seawater intrusion and become salty which are not proper for the agricultural and drinking water purposes. In order to provide the sustainable water in the rural areas in the Mekong delta area, Vietnam, the KIST and VKIST have been collaborated and suggested several the solar-power desalination systems. In this study, the collaborations and applications of the reverse osmosis plants were summarized.
Examination of the Relationship Between the Comfort Levels and the Mother to Infant Bonding Levels of Women in the Postpartum Period
Authors: Göke Arslan Gamze , Aypar Akbağ Nuran Nur , Şanlı Yasemin
Published: January 2025

Aim: The research was conducted to establish the relationship between the comfort levels of mothers in the postpartum period and mother-infant bonding.
Material and Method: The research is of descriptive type. The sample of the study consisted of 257 women who had just given birth in the Gynecology and Obstetrics service of a public hospital in Türkiye and voluntarily participated in the research between February and April 2023. Personal information questionnaire, postpartum comfort scale, and mother to infant bonding scale were used to collect the data of the study.
Results: The average total score women received from the postpartum comfort scale in the postpartum period was 97.45±15.22. A statistically significant difference was found between the postpartum comfort scale total score average according to the women's working status, number of postpartum days, postpartum care requirement and number of patients in the room (p
Traumatic Amputations in Military Personnel: From The Perspective of Forensic Medicine
Authors: Balandız Hüseyin , Kaya Burak , Özsoy Sait
Published: January 2025

Aim: Traumatic amputations are devastating injuries that occur suddenly and unexpectedly, resulting in the loss of a body part. This study was aimed at evaluating cases of traumatic amputations from a medico-legal perspective.
Material and Method: The forensic reports prepared by the Department of Forensic Medicine, Gülhane Training and Research Hospital (fka; Gülhane Military Medical Academy), between January 1, 2011, and December 31, 2014 were examined retrospectively and the cases who had traumatic amputations analyzed in depth.
Results: All of the cases (n=72) were male, and the mean age at the time of the injury was 24.2 (±4.3) years. Almost all the cases (97.2%) were soldiers. It was determined that the most common cause of trauma among all cases was work accident (51.5%), followed by explosion injuries (26.4%). Traumatic amputations were mostly seen in the upper extremity (83.3%), followed by lower the extremity (12.5%) and both upper and lower extremities (4.2%). The most common cause of upper extremity amputations was work accidents, while lower extremity amputations were mostly caused by blast injuries. While 58.3% of the amputations were minor (fingers only), 41.7% were major. It was determined that psychiatric disorders developed in 19.4% of the cases after traumatic amputation.
Conclusion: Traumatic amputations are among the issues that need to be carefully examined because they occur especially at the young age group and cause disabilities in the affected people. It is necessary to reduce trauma, which is one of the important causes of amputations, to take precautions by using personal protective equipment, and to not neglect treatment and follow-up. The majority of patients in developing nations, like Türkiye, struggle to receive pre-hospital care, which proves to be a major challenge for trauma care, especially in military cases. It is of great importance that psychiatric follow-up of people is carried out in the early and late periods after amputation and that social support and appropriate treatments are not neglected.
Al Rizky Laundry Business Development Strategy for Small and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs)
Authors: Al Farisi Muhammad Salman , Rahmi Vembri Auliah
Published: January 2025

This research delves into the business development strategies employed by Al Rizky Laundry, employing a combination of SWOT analysis and Business Model Canvas (BMC). The primary objective of this research is to assess the internal and external factors influencing the company’s performance through the SWOT analysis methodology. The qualitative research approach was selected to delve into the intricate understanding of complex phenomena pertinent to the development of Al Rizky Laundry’s business strategy. Specifically, SWOT analysis was employed to identify the company’s strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats, leading to the formulation of four distinct strategies. Furthermore, Business Model Canvas (BMC) analysis was conducted to identify critical business elements that can be leveraged to enhance the company’s competitiveness and operational efficiency. The findings of this study offer a comprehensive understanding of the factors that influence the success of Al Rizky Laundry’s development strategy. The proposed recommendations from the SWOT analysis, along with each BMC element identified as an input for the development of the Al Rizky Laundry business, are compiled by considering the strengths of Al Rizky Laundry and future development opportunities. This step aims to address existing weaknesses and anticipate potential business challenges. With the implementation of the recommendations, Al Rizky Laundry’s development strategy is centered around five fundamental principles designed to enhance competitiveness, expand market reach, and deliver an exceptional customer experience. Based on the analysis conducted, Al Rizky Laundry possesses substantial potential to address its current shortcomings through a diverse range of innovative strategies. Recommendations include enhancing its social media presence, implementing a digital payment system, modernizing its equipment, and developing a digital-based management system. Furthermore, establishing strategic partnerships with online motorcycle taxi platforms and institutions such as Islamic boarding schools can substantially expand its market reach.
Evaluation of critical factors predicting the development of hepatorenal syndrome in hospitalized cirrhotic patients
Authors: Erdoğan Çağdaş , Karpuzcu Hulusi Can
Published: January 2025

Aims: This study aimed to determine the factors predicting the development of hepatorenal syndrome (HRS) in cirrhotic patients presenting with acute kidney injury (AKI).
Methods: We retrospectively analyzed 263 cirrhotic patients diagnosed with AKI between September 2022 and March 2024. Demographic characteristics, clinical findings, and laboratory results were analyzed. We diagnosed HRS using the 2019 International Club of Ascites criteria. We used bivariate and multivariate logistic regression models in our statistical analysis.
Results: HRS developed in 31 patients (11.8%). MELD-Na scores were significantly higher in the HRS group (28 vs. 18, p2.5 mg/dl (OR 2.5, 95% CI 1.2-5.5), albumin 2 mg/dl (OR 7.9, 95% CI 3.7-17.0), and presence of spontaneous bacterial peritonitis (OR 5.5, 95% CI 1.4-12.2). Hemodialysis requirement (61.3% vs. 8.6%, p
The effect of different polishing systems on the discoloration of composite resins: examples of commonly consumed beverages
Authors: Gümüş Simge , Bakir Elif Pınar , Bakır Şeyhmus
Published: January 2025

Aims: The aim of this study is to evaluate the color stability of composite resin materials subjected to different polishing systems when exposed to commonly consumed beverages.
Methods: In this study, four different composite polishing systems (Zenit, 3M Sof-Lex, Sofu, Kerr) and three types of beverages (Nescafé 3-in-1, Lipton tea bags, and distilled water) were used. A micro-hybrid resin composite (Tokuyama) was selected for the study. A total of 84 disk-shaped composite resin samples (8 mm in diameter and 2 mm thick) were prepared. The samples were divided into four main groups according to the polishing systems used, and further divided into three subgroups based on the beverage types, with seven samples in each subgroup, resulting in a total of 12 study groups. Initial color measurements, as well as measurements taken on days 1, 7, and 28, were recorded using a vita easyshade spectrophotometer. The data were tabulated and statistically analyzed using SPSS 25.0 software, employing one-way ANOVA and Tukey HSD post-hoc tests (p=0.05).
Results: Examination of the 28-day staining results revealed a statistically significant difference between the results for distilled water and coffee, depending on the brand (p
Elevated expression of let-7b-3p enhances aggressiveness of larynx squamous cell carcinoma cells
Authors: Kaya Murat , Güzel Tanoğlu Esra , Süer İlknur , Karataş Ömer Faruk , Öztürk Şükrü , Yılmaz Mehmet , Çefle Kıvanç , Özen Mustafa
Published: January 2025

Aims: Larynx squamous cell carcinoma (LSCC) is the second most common head and neck malignancy. While let-7b-3p has been shown to have a role in cancer progression in malignancies, there is no research examining the association between LSCC and let-7b-3p. This study aimed to investigate the expression status of let-7b-3p and the potential roles of this microRNA (miRNA) in LSCC.
Methods: Using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR), we examined the expression status of let-7b3p in 36 LSCC samples and the neighboring normal tissues. Then, the let-7b-3p miRNA mimic was transfected into Hep-2 cells via lipofectamine 2000 reagents. Cell viability was determined using the cell viability detection (CVDK-8) kit, and cell migration was evaluated with the scratch assay. To identify differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in larynx cancer GSE137308 and GSE130605 datasets were downloaded and reanalyzed using Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO2R) tool. Potential target genes of let-7b-3p were investigated in the miRNA target prediction and functional annotation database (miRDB). Shared genes between geo datasets and miRDB results were identified and the relationship between these genes and LSCC was investigated in the literature.
Results: We demonstrated that the expression levels of let-7b-3p was significantly upregulated in LSCC tumor tissues in comparison to the corresponding normal tissues. Mimic let-7b-3p transfection enhanced Hep-2 cell proliferation and migration. In vitro and bioinformatics analysis showed that overexpression of let-7b-3p can enhance the larynx cancer cell proliferation and migration through MYBPC1.
Conclusion: It was evaluated that let-7b-3p/MYBPC1 axis could potentially affect the LSCC process. Let-7b-3p has the potential to be a biomarker for LSCC, therefore, the let-7b-3p/ MYBPC1/LSCC relationship should be elucidated with new studies.
Odontogenic and non-odondogenic cysts in the jaws: a retrospective analysis
Authors: Çoban Elif , Altay Berkan , Chodarov Allahverdi
Published: January 2025

Aims: This study aims to retrospectively analyze the demographic, clinical, and radiological characteristics of jaw cysts and evaluate the implications of these findings for accurate diagnosis, effective treatment planning, and the prevention of potential complications.
Methods: This retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted at the Kırıkkale University Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Clinic between April 2023 and May 2024. A total of 178 patients, histopathologically diagnosed with jaw cysts, were included. Data on demographic factors such as age and gender, as well as clinical and radiological features of the cysts, were collected and analyzed.
Results: The mean age of the patients was 48.52±16.56 years, with 56.74% of the cohort being male and 43.25% female. The distribution of lesions was as follows: 53.93% in the mandible, 43.82% in the maxilla, and 2.25% in both jaws. Radiologically, 79.77% of the lesions were radiolucent, while 20.22% exhibited a mixed radiological pattern. Clinically, 86.52% of the lesions were asymptomatic, while 13.48% were symptomatic. The most prevalent cyst types identified were radicular cysts (35.4%), dentigerous cysts (19.1%), and keratocysts (19.1%).
Conclusion: A comprehensive analysis of the demographic and radiological characteristics of jaw cysts plays a pivotal role in achieving precise diagnoses and devising effective treatment strategies. The present study shows that radicular cysts are the most common type, which is consistent with previous studies. However, the findings indicate a lower prevalence of radicular cysts compared to other studies focusing on cystic lesions. Moreover, this study reports higher prevalence rates for dentigerous cysts and keratocysts compared to certain other studies. These findings emphasize the importance of accounting for individual and population-based variability when diagnosing and managing jaw cysts.
The effect of inflammatory scores on the prognosis of malignant mesothelioma
Authors: Akkurt Esma Sevil , Birben Özlem , Yenibertiz Derya , Dağli Duygu
Published: January 2025

Aims: Malignant mesothelioma (MM) is a rare cancer with a poor prognosis that is frequently detected late in the disease's progression. The purpose of our sudy was to contribute to the literature by investigating how inflammation indices such as neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio (NLR), platelet/lymphocyte ratio (PLR), lymphocyte/monocyte ratio (LMR), prognostic nutritional index (PNI), systemic inflammation response index (SIRI), and HALP scores affect disease progression and prognosis in patients with MM.
Methods: This study retrospectively examined 85 patients pathologically diagnosed with malignant pleural and peritoneal mesothelioma. NLR, PLR, LMR, PNI, SIRI, and HALP scores of the patients were calculated.
Results: The area under the curve (AUC) values obtained by ROC analysis are NLR (0.65), PLR (0.67), LMR (0.66), PNI (0.64), SIRI (0.66), and HALP (0.77). The cut-off values were as follows: NLR (3.2), PLR (168.5), PNI (35.2), LMR (2.5), SIRI (2.2) and HALP (22.8). In multivariate analysis, being inoperable was found to be associated with lower survival, while receiving chemotherapy and high PNI value were found to be associated with higher survival (p
Texto para Discussão 3075
Authors: Marinho Alexandre
Published: January 2025

O Brasil possui um dos mais extensos programas públicos de transplante de órgãos e tecidos do mundo, e o Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS) oferece, gratuitamente para os brasileiros todos os procedimentos envolvidos na doação de órgãos, transplantes e pós-transplantes. Apesar da relevância do assunto e da existência de filas consideráveis para transplantes, as avaliações da eficiência e da produtividade do processo de doação-transplante ainda são incomuns no Brasil e no exterior. Este estudo tem como objetivo avaliar a evolução da eficiência e da produtividade no processo de doação de órgãos e transplantes nos estados brasileiros e no Distrito Federal, na transformação de potenciais doadores cadáveres de órgãos em doadores efetivos, no período que vai de 2013 a 2021. Aplicamos a Análise Envoltória de Dados (Data Envelopment Analysis – DEA) e o índice de Malmquist (IM), em conjunto com a técnica de reamostragem conhecida como Bootstrap, aos dados disponibilizados pela Associação Brasileira de Transplantes de Órgãos (ABTO). Há grandes heterogeneidades na amostra e estimamos que existem elevadas possibilidades de incrementar a eficiência e a produtividade na transformação de doadores potenciais em doadores efetivos.
The James Webb Space Telescope Absolute Flux Calibration. III. Mid-infrared Instrument Medium Resolution Integral Field Unit Spectrometer
Authors: Law David R. , Argyriou Ioannis , Gordon Karl D. , Sloan G. C. , Gasman Danny , Glasse Alistair , Larson Kirsten , Fletcher Leigh N. , Labiano Alvaro , Noriega-Crespo Alberto
Published: January 2025

We describe the spectrophotometric calibration of the Mid-Infrared Instrument’s (MIRI) Medium Resolution Spectrometer (MRS) aboard the James Webb Space Telescope. This calibration is complicated by a time-dependent evolution in the effective throughput of the MRS; this evolution is strongest at long wavelengths, approximately a factor of 2 at 25 μm over the first 2 yr of the mission. We model and correct for this evolution through regular observations of internal calibration lamps. Pixel flat fields are constructed from observations of the infrared-bright planetary nebula NGC 7027, and photometric aperture corrections from a combination of theoretical models and observations of bright standard stars. We tie the 5–18 μm flux calibration to high signal-to-noise ratio (S/N; ∼600–1000) observations of the O9 V star 10 Lacertae, scaled to the average calibration factor of nine other spectrophotometric standards. We calibrate the 18–28 μm spectral range using a combination of observations of main belt asteroid 515 Athalia and the circumstellar disk around young stellar object SAO 206462. The photometric repeatability is stable to better than 1% in the wavelength range 5–18 μm, and the S/N ratio of the delivered spectra is consistent between bootstrapped measurements, pipeline estimates, and theoretical predictions. The MRS point-source calibration agrees with that of the MIRI imager to within 1% from 7 to 21 μm and is approximately 1% fainter than prior Spitzer observations, while the extended source calibration agrees well with prior Cassini Composite Infrared Spectrometer and Voyager Infrared Interferometer Spectrometer and Radiometer observations.
Testing the Cosmic Distance Duality Relation Using Strong Gravitational Lensing Time Delays and Type Ia Supernovae
Authors: Qi Jing-Zhao , Jiang Yi-Fan , Hou Wan-Ting , Zhang Xin
Published: January 2025

We present a comprehensive test of the cosmic distance duality relation (DDR) using a combination of strong gravitational lensing (SGL) time delay measurements and Type Ia supernovae (SNe Ia) data. We investigate three different parameterizations of potential DDR violations. To bridge the gap between SGL and SNe Ia data sets, we implement an artificial neural network approach to reconstruct the distance modulus of SNe Ia. Our analysis uniquely considers both scenarios where the absolute magnitude of SNe Ia (M

B
) is treated as a free parameter and where it is fixed to a Cepheid-calibrated value. Using a sample of six SGL systems and the Pantheon+ SNe Ia data set, we find no statistically significant evidence for DDR violations across all parameterizations. The consistency of our findings across different parameterizations not only reinforces confidence in the standard DDR but also demonstrates the robustness of our analytical approach.
Molecular and biochemical methods for species identification among the genus Cuscuta
Authors: Marinova Bianka , Savov Martin , Savov Stefan , Pachedjieva Kalina , Tosheva Anita , Chakarova Bilyana , Rusanov Krasimir , Zagorchev Lyuben , Teofanova Denitsa
Published: January 2025

Genus Cuscuta (Convolvulaceae) comprises of stem holoparasitic plants that are scientifically highly valuable, as they cause extensive crop damage. They exhibit high morphological similarity, which complicates their species identification. Determining the taxonomical status of obtained specimens from Bulgaria, is crucial for exploring the genetic diversity of the genus and establishing the phylogenetic relationships within the taxon. Thereby different correlations with geographic region and particular environmental conditions can be established. This study employs molecular and biochemical methods, including ITS region sequence analysis of rDNA, RAPD analysis, and HPLC/MS analysis of flavonoids, to identify Cuscuta species and conduct phylogenetic analysis. Overall, a successful identification has been made - while ITS PCR products provide more accurate species identification and phylogenic information, RAPD profiles are convenient for quick identification. Detailed investigation of the RAPD profiles is required due to differences correlating with the habitats of the species. Nevertheless, flavonoid profiles prove themselves as a valuable biochemical marker for species identification. All of the aforementioned methods are suitable and useful for species identification among the genus Cuscuta, depending on the needs and aims of the conducted analysis.
IA, médecine et sciences sociales
Authors: Mathieu-Fritz Alexandre , Gaglio Gérald
Published: January 2025

Le domaine de la santé constitue un champ d’application privilégié des dispositifs qui se revendiquent de l’intelligence artificielle (IA). Cette introduction au numéro « IA et médecine » propose une mise en perspective, du point de vue des sciences sociales, du croisement et de la rencontre de ces deux domaines. En s’appuyant sur la présentation et la discussion des six articles qui composent ce numéro, ainsi que sur d’autres travaux relevant principalement de la sociologie et des Science and Technology Studies (STS) , plusieurs enjeux et questions sont mis en exergue : le caractère inachevé, imparfait, voire contre-productif, dans les situations de travail, de l’automatisation engendrée par des dispositifs d’IA ; l’acuité d’un décryptage à nouveaux frais de la notion d’« explicabilité » en rapport avec des processus de conception et des usages concrets, qui peuvent être en déphasage avec le droit en vigueur ; enfin, la relative absence des patients dans les pratiques émergentes étudiées, qui s’explique notamment par le fait que l’IA est mobilisée bien au-delà du cadre de la relation clinique afin d’équiper différentes catégories de professionnels qui n’interviennent pas directement dans la prise en charge des patients et dans les soins.
Au-delà de l’explicabilité
Authors: Franchet Camille , Fiant Océane , Schwob Robin
Published: January 2025

L’explicabilité des intelligences artificielles (IA) est souvent présentée comme un élément indispensable à l’appropriation de ces technologies par les médecins. Toutefois, son approche habituelle vient se heurter à deux écueils : d’abord, l’absence d’ancrage dans des situations professionnelles réelles, entraînant un décalage entre les solutions proposées et les attentes concrètes des utilisateurs ; ensuite, une focalisation quasi exclusive sur le fonctionnement des IA, au détriment d’autres aspects de leur conception pouvant également induire un défaut d’intelligibilité des résultats. Cet article se concentre sur un projet d’IA en anatomie et cytologie pathologiques qui propose une perspective inédite sur l’intelligibilité des IA, mettant l’accent sur la construction de leur « vérité de terrain ». L’examen de la stratégie mise en œuvre par ce projet plaide alors en faveur d’une approche contextuelle de l’appropriabilité des IA, permettant de développer des solutions réellement alignées sur les attentes des professionnels de santé.
Prevalence of Mental Illness Among Middle Adolescents in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
Authors: Yaghmour Sara , Bamatraf Asma , Alghanmi Linah , Alnafisi Tala
Published: January 2025

Purpose

To assess the prevalence of mental illness among middle adolescents (aged 14 to 17 years) in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.

Method

A quantitative, cross-sectional study was conducted among 483 students aged 14 to 17 years attending intermediate and secondary schools in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia. Participants were asked to complete the Arabic version of the self-reported Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ).

Results

SDQ scores ranged from 8 to 35, with a mean 18.5 (
SD
= 4.2). Several variables were significantly associated with higher SDQ scores, including age, sex, health status, and death of the mother.

Conclusion

Results indicate that middle adolescents' prevalence of mental illness is relatively high. [
Journal of Psychosocial Nursing and Mental Health Services, xx
(xx), xx–xx.]
Propagation of smallness for solutions of elliptic equations in the plane
Authors: Zhu Yuzhe
Published: January 2025

We explore quantitative propagation of smallness for solutions of two-dimensional elliptic equations from sets of positive $ \delta $-dimensional Hausdorff content for any $ \delta > 0 $. In particular, the gradients of solutions to divergence form equations with Hölder continuous coefficients, as well as those of nondivergence form equations with measurable coefficients, can be quantitatively estimated from the small sets.
Association Between Geriatric Oral Health Assessment Index and Cardiovascular Disease in Korean Older Adults
Authors: Lim Kyu-Taek , Choe Ji-won , Hwang Seung-sik
Published: January 2025

Objectives: This study examined the association between oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL), as assessed by the Geriatric Oral Health Assessment Index (GOHAI), and cardiovascular disease (CVD) outcomes among Korean older adults.Methods: Data from 5413 participants in the Korean Longitudinal Study of Aging were analyzed. GOHAI scores were categorized as either “poor” (<40) or “not poor” (≥40). Generalized estimating equation models were used to assess the relationship between GOHAI scores and CVD prevalence, with analyses stratified by sex.Results: Poor GOHAI score was significantly associated with elevated odds of CVD (odds ratio [OR], 1.13; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.07 to 1.19; p<0.001). This association was stronger in female (OR, 1.36) compared to male (OR, 1.12). Poor oral health is indicative of systemic inflammation and age-related vulnerabilities, underscoring the utility of the GOHAI as an instrument for early identification of CVD risk.Conclusions: Poor oral health, as measured by the GOHAI, is associated with an increased risk of CVD among older adults, especially female. These findings support the use of the GOHAI as a cost-effective screening tool for the early assessment of CVD risk. Further research is warranted to explore inflammatory biomarkers and sex-specific mechanisms that could inform targeted interventions.
Analysis of oxidative stability and fatty acids profile of coconut oil and flaxseed oil blends
Authors: Nivetha Rajendran , Simmaky Surendran , Sivakanthan Subajiny
Published: January 2025

This study aimed to analyze the oxidative stability of flaxseed oil and coconut oil blends. Coconut oil: flaxseed oil was mixed at different ratios on weight basis (95:5, 90:10, 85:15, 80:20, and 75:25). The oxidative stability was measured using acid value, iodine value, peroxide value, and saponification value under accelerated oven storage and frying conditions. The fatty acid profile was determined by gas-liquid chromatography. According to the results, all blends showed acceptable oxidative stability under both conditions. They showed storage stability up to 14 months under ambient conditions. Blended oils had a more balanced SFA: MUFA: PUFA ratio than the original oils. Blending the oils at the ratio of 80:20 (coconut oil: flaxseed oil) showed the desirable omega-3 and omega-6 fatty acid composition before and after frying. Therefore, the blending of flaxseed oil with coconut oil could widen the applicability of flaxseed oil.
Bioactive compounds and composition of Elaeis oleifera mesocarp oil extracted by hydraulic pressing
Authors: Antoniassi R. , Wilhelm A.E. , Guedes A.M.M. , Faria-Machado A.F.
Published: January 2025

Elaeis oleifera oil has stood out for its high contents of carotenoids, tocochromanols, oleic and linoleic acids and low content of saturated fatty acids. The content of these bioactive compounds depends on the oil extraction process and the data available is related to solvent extraction. Pressing is the current industrial oil extraction process for palm fruits. E. oleifera bunches were harvested on two different days at an interval of two months. They were then sterilized and the fruits were submitted to hydraulic pressing and the oil from the mesocarp was evaluated. The main fatty acids of two samples were C18:1 (54.72 – 55.69%), C16:0 (23.72 – 24.23%) and C18:2 (15.47 – 16.95%). The alpha- and beta-carotene contents were 620-725 μg/g and 1,358– 1,403 μg/g, respectively. Gamma-tocotrienol accounted for 799 and 1,066 μg/g. The oil is a concentrate of pro-vitamin A and rich in gamma-tocotrienol and its low oil acidity allows for the consumption of the crude oil.
Kinetic modelling of combined ultrasonication and Soxhlet based extraction of lipids from passion fruit seed using ethanol as solvent
Authors: Chutia H. , Mahanta C.L.
Published: January 2025

The aim of this study was to understand the extraction phenomena of oil from passion fruit seeds (PFS) using Soxhlet, ultrasonic-assisted extraction (UAE), and combined UAE-Soxhlet (UAES) methods and to investigate the physicochemical properties of the oil. The effect of solid-liquid ratio, temperature, and time of the UAE treatment on PFS oil (PFSO) yield was investigated and optimized. Phenomenological model parameters, viz. washing constant (0,807–1,139×10–1min–1) was faster than the diffusion constant parameter (5.0–5.4×10–3min–1) throughout the extraction process, and the washing constant was the highest for UAES. The composition of phenolics and fatty acids in the optimized oil extract was investigated by HPLC and GC, respectively. The comparison of the quality parameters of the extracted oils revealed that the combination of ultrasound and Soxhlet extraction is a viable alternative extraction procedure for obtaining better quality. The phenomenological model with combined extraction could be recommended for modelling extraction kinetics for better quality products and could be used for industrial purposes.
Agriculteurs et marchés agroalimentaires : dynamiques, défis et stratégies à Saint-Raphaël (Haïti)
Authors: Osthe John , Junior Valdemar João Wesz
Published: January 2025

En Haïti, comme dans d’autres pays, l’établissement de canaux de commercialisation pour la production agricole est l’un des principaux défis auxquels sont confrontés les agriculteurs familiaux. À cette fin, cet article vise à analyser les marchés agroalimentaires auxquels accèdent les agriculteurs de la municipalité de Saint-Raphaël (Haïti), en identifiant les principaux canaux de commercialisation, leurs avantages et leurs défis, ainsi qu’en cartographiant certaines des stratégies que les agriculteurs ont élaborées et utilisées pour faire face à ces problèmes. En adoptant une approche qualitative avec une analyse exploratoire et descriptive, une revue de la littérature et la systématisation des données secondaires ont été effectuées, complétées par 41 entretiens semi-structurés menés auprès de divers acteurs impliqués dans les questions agroalimentaires au sein de la municipalité. Les résultats montrent que les agriculteurs ont un profil de production diversifié et entretiennent des liens simultanés avec différents canaux et lieux de commercialisation (madan sara, marché agricole, atizan, revandèz, épiceries, restaurants, industries, consommateurs finaux et exportations). Nous avons également observé différents avantages et défis présents dans chaque circuit commercial, qui sont inhérents à la spécificité du produit commercialisé, du canal de vente et des acteurs impliqués. Et pour renforcer les avantages et faire face aux risques, on observe une prédominance des relations commerciales marquées par la longévité, l’amitié, la confiance et la réciprocité, témoignant de liens fortement ancrés dans le territoire et sa vie sociale.
Qu’est-ce que faire de la science citoyenne dans un pays « sans citoyens » ?
Authors: Corbet Alice , Célestin Justine , Fallou Laure , Calixte Nixon , Steeve Symithe , Calais Eric
Published: January 2025

Cet article revient sur l’histoire d’Haïti pour présenter la construction de la notion de citoyenneté dans le pays et démontrer que, aujourd’hui, cette dernière n’est pas pleinement réalisée tant la coupure entre la population et l’État – parfois qualifié de « failli » – est forte. Elle est même instrumentalisée par les gangs qui disent représenter les citoyens. Pourtant, l’organisation sociale du pays s’organise autour de nombreux moments de partage, d’entraide ou d’expression d’un « vivre ensemble », basés notamment sur les grands symboles et figures du pays. Alors que le pays voit de plus en plus s’agrandir la séparation entre État et citoyen, notamment avec la violence des gangs, une expérience de science-citoyenne menée par les auteurs illustre cette situation et rappelle l’importance des sciences humaines et sociales dans la démarche scientifique, pour des raisons éthiques comme pour mieux mener à bien le projet.
Le tourisme balnéaire face à l’occupation anarchique du littoral : étude de cas des stations balnéaires de Cap Skirring et de Kafountine (Basse Casamance, Sénégal)
Authors: Bocoum Sadou
Published: January 2025

Les enjeux économiques sur les littoraux sont de grande envergure et sont difficiles à concilier. Le tourisme balnéaire cohabite avec beaucoup d’autres activités sur le littoral, et chacune d’entre elles tire son profit. La cohabitation du tourisme avec d’autres activités socio-économiques (pêche, transformation de produits halieutiques) sur le littoral constitue une contrainte qui fragilise l’épanouissement du type balnéaire. Dans ce cadre, cette contribution vise à analyser les impacts de l’occupation anarchique des activités sur le littoral, sur le tourisme, et de contribuer à l’aménagement raisonné de cette zone d’activité. Elle commence par un diagnostic de l’occupation du littoral des stations balnéaires de Cap Skirring et de Kafountine et finir par analyser les pressions foncières et les conflits d’usage sur le tourisme littoral. Ce papier, au-delà de la démarche cartographique qui a permis d’analyser la dynamique de l’occupation du sol, d’appréhender l’importance des activités sur ces stations balnéaires, s’appuie sur une approche quantitative et qualitative (à travers, des questionnaires, des guides d’entretien, et de l’observation) qui a permis en partie d’analyser la perception de la population, des acteurs touristiques et des touristes.Le problème d’aménagement et le manque d’organisation des acteurs notés sur ces espaces font naître des contraintes qui rendent difficile l’épanouissement du tourisme balnéaire. Les résultats montrent que la dégradation de la qualité du littoral liée à l’insalubrité, l’encombrement, le problème lié à la fumée et l’insécurité restent des facteurs saillants qui jouent négativement sur le tourisme de ces destinations. Dans cette même dynamique, 72 % des touristes et 77 % des responsables de structures d’hébergement ont jugé la plage insalubre. Cette situation est perceptible sur le littoral des deux communes à travers des dépôts d’ordures, des poissons pourris sur la plage, et de la prolifération des sachets plastiques. Les résultats ont montré un autre problème qui est celui de la fumée et de l’encombrement du littoral. Cette situation est favorisée par la multiplication rapide du nombre de fumoirs traditionnels sur les quais de pêche. Les hôtels, campements, auberges et résidences qui se situent à côté des quais de pêche sont perturbés par l’importance des fumées qui émanent de ces fumoirs de poissons et des odeurs (zone de séchage, de salage et de fumage). Ainsi, 68 % des responsables de structures d’hébergement ont confirmé que le tourisme balnéaire ne peut pas cohabiter avec ces activités de transformations de produits halieutiques du fait qu’elles polluent beaucoup et rendent impropre cette plage.
Transitions agro-écologiques et tourisme
Authors: Breton Jean-Marie
Published: January 2025

Les transitions agro-écologiques, favorisées et soutenues par les pouvoirs publics, contribuent à faciliter la transformation conjointe des secteurs agricole et touristique, au profit d’offres innovantes préfigurant les orientations et perspectives de « nouveaux tourismes » responsables et durables, attentifs à l’environnement, respectueux de la nature et soucieux de la biodiversité. Les deux secteurs peuvent attendre des transformations qui en résultent des bénéfices réciproques, pour autant que les dispositifs juridiques et financiers conçus et mobilisés à cet effet permettent de répondre à un tel objectif, en favorisant l’adaptation des comportements touristiques et en facilitant leur adaptation à des formes de tourismes écologiquement compatibles.
Les pratiques de responsabilité sociétale des acteurs touristiques en Guinée : Cas des PME de Grand Conakry (Guinée)
Authors: Kourouma Moussa Fantagbè , Diombera Mamadou
Published: January 2025

Le secteur du tourisme en Guinée est parmi ceux qui contribuent à la dégradation de la biodiversité, de l’environnement et des valeurs sociales. Le tourisme se développe dans les zones sensibles telles que les zones côtières, les chutes d’eau et au niveau des sites historiques. L’aménagement touristique, la construction des infrastructures d’hébergements et de loisirs ont des impacts par exemple sur la destruction de la mangrove, des forêts des espèces animales aquatiques et terrestres. Ces conséquences se font ressentirent avec la diminution de certaines ressources végétales et animales, le réchauffement climatique, la pollution atmosphérique, les inondations. Au-delà des impacts sur les écosystèmes, les communautés d’accueils perdent parfois leur identité culturelle au profit de pratiques comme, la pédophilie ou le tourisme sexuel, à cela s’ajoutent les difficiles conditions de travail, etc. Pour toutes ces raisons, les petites et moyennes entreprises (PME) touristiques de Grand Conakry sont concernées par les bonnes pratiques RSE autant que les grandes chaînes touristiques astreignent aux respects des mesures de durabilités touristiques. Cet article pose le diagnostic des pratiques de responsabilité sociétale dans le contexte des PME du secteur touristique guinéen afin de promouvoir le tourisme durable. Les approches méthodologiques quantitative et qualitative ont été utilisées pour la collecte et l’analyse des données. La collecte des données a été effectuée au moyen d’un guide d’entretien, d’une grille de lecture et d’une enquête par questionnaire avec kobocollect. L’étude a ainsi abouti aux résultats : non-maîtrise du concept RSE ; présence de certaines pratiques RSE ; absence de documentation des actions RSE ; des limites.
Le numérique dans le marketing touristique des Cases à impluvium de la Basse-Casamance comme vecteur de performance du tourisme responsable dans un contexte de développement durable
Authors: Tendeng Jacques Sidioka , Diombera Mamadou
Published: January 2025

Les changements de comportement des consommateurs de produits touristiques de ces dernières années ont été un facteur déclencheur de l’adaptation de stratégie marketing vers l’utilisation de supports digitaux. Cet article expose la problématique de l’intégration du numérique dans le marketing tourisme des cases à impluvium de la Basse-Casamance, provoquant ainsi une véritable performance par rapport au nombre de touristes qui viennent séjourner dans les campements en forme de cases à impluvium d’Enampore, de Séléki, d’Aljowe à Oussouye pour la pratique du tourisme responsable. Pour la réalisation de cet article, une méthodologie qualitative et quantitative est adoptée pour mieux comprendre à quel point le numérique pourrait contribuer à mieux vulgariser l’authenticité des cases à impluvium, la nature, la biodiversité, la durabilité, au savoir-faire olfactif des populations locales, la promotion et la vente des séjours pour une consommation in situ des produits du terroir dans ces villages pour un tourisme responsable et durable.
Tourisme, patrimoine, identité et territoire : regard sur les cérémonies traditionnelles en milieu diola, en Basse-Casamance (Sénégal)
Authors: Tendeng Jacques Sidioka , Sané Chérif
Published: January 2025

La Basse-Casamance, région naturelle au sud du Sénégal est connue pour ses richesses à la fois naturelle et culturelle. Les Diola groupe majoritaire dans la région entretiennent des rapports privilégiés avec leur milieu. En effet, la tradition en milieu Diola est l’ensemble des pratiques traditionnelles qui figurent en bonne place dans le patrimoine immatériel. Ces pratiques traditionnelles permettent aux populations (Diola) de Casamance de définir leur identité sociale et culturelle. Il s’agit généralement des rituels propitiatoires (pour éloigner les calamités ou obtenir de meilleures récoltes), d’initiation (culte), des danses et chants traditionnels.Cette contribution se propose d’étudier l’importance des cérémonies traditionnelles en milieu Diola qui se traduisent en un véritable produit touristique culturel de la Basse-Casamance. Cet article pose la problématique de l’authenticité de la culture Diola à travers ses nombreuses cérémonies traditionnelles qui donnent un cachet particulier au tourisme culturel qui privilégie des rencontres et des échanges de cultures entre visiteurs et visités. L’objectif est de réfléchir sur l’espace de débat qu’offrent les cérémonies traditionnelles et leur relation avec la population locale des réalités socioculturelles, dans le contexte d’un développement du tourisme durable. Nous discuterons, plus particulièrement, leur relation complexe à leur mise en tourisme, qui participe à leur redéfinition, en intégrant les nouvelles sensibilités. Le déploiement de plusieurs méthodes de recherche exploratoire basées sur les enquêtes de terrain, l’observation participante et la recherche documentaire, nous ont permis d’obtenir une panoplie de données qualitatives et de comprendre le phénomène de la mise en tourisme des cérémonies traditionnelles en tant que patrimoine de l’identité du territoire Diola qui conditionne le produit touristique culturel à travers une image de conservation et de valorisation, d’où l’intérêt de développer des stratégies d’innovation pour un développement durable. Cet article s’organise autour de trois points distincts : un rapide état de l’art en matière de territoire, de patrimoine, de tourisme et d’identité, va être posé, ensuite l’exposé des résultats sur la manière dont les cérémonies traditionnelles participent au développement d’un tourisme culturel en Basse-Casamance. Une dernière partie consacrée à la discussion et aux stratégies d’innovation du produit touristique culturel en Basse-Casamance.