bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Enhancing Chrysanthemum (Dendranthema × grandiflorum) tissue culture for improved ornamental flower production: Genotypic insights and growth regulator optimization
Authors: G Thamodharan , N Naveena , V Poobalan , T Veeramani
Published: August 2024

This study addresses the need for refining in vitro regeneration protocols for chrysanthemums (D. grandiflorum), the second most prominent ornamental cut flower globally, through the strategic implementation of tissue culture techniques. The objective of the study was to evaluate the response of 4 Dendranthema genotypes (CO-1, Pink Marble, Snapper and Super White) to various plant growth regulators (PGRs) during callus culture, shoot formation, rooting and acclimatization. For this, ray floret explants were utilized and PGRs including 2,4-D, BAP, IBA, GA3, IAA and NAA were tested at different concentrations. Results revealed the superior performance of genotypes CO-1 and Super White across all stages of in vitro regeneration. Optimal conditions were identified, including a synergistic combination of 2.0 mg L-1 2,4-D and 0.100 mg L-1 BAP for callus induction, 2.0 mg L-1 BAP with 0.100 or 0.250 mg L-1 NAA for shoot formation and 1.0 mg L-1 IBA with 0.100 mg L-1 NAA for rooting. Acclimatization was successful using vermicompost + red soil + coir pith (1:1:1) as a substrate. Furthermore, tissue culture-raised chrysanthemum plants exhibited a significant increase in flower numbers upon treatment with 100 mg L-1 GA3, indicating the potential for enhanced flower quality and yield compared to conventionally grown plants. These findings provide crucial insights for optimizing large-scale chrysanthemum production and underscore the importance of tissue culture techniques in ornamental cut flower industry advancements.
Efficacy of foliar feeding of plant bioregulators on yield attributes and economic analysis of acid lime
Authors: P Sarada , A.K Sahoo , S.C Swain , S.N Dash , R.K Panda , A Dash
Published: August 2024

The current study was done at the Odisha University of Agriculture and Technology, Bhubaneswar, during 2019–2020 and 2020–2021. Acid lime, scientifically known as Citrus aurantifolia Swingle, is a member of the Rutaceae family. It has its origins in India and possesses a chromosomal count of 2n=18. Citrus fruits are an important crop cultivated commercially in over 50 nations worldwide. Kagzi lime is one of the important citrus crop occupying more than 10 per cent of the total area under citrus cultivation in India. The objective of this research was to assess the most appropriate plant bioregulator in terms of fruit productivity and economics. This investigation found that the usage of growth regulators, such as 2,4-D (at 10 and 20 ppm), GA3 (at 5 and 10 ppm) , NAA (at 100 and 200 ppm) , SA (at 100 and 200 ppm), Spermidine (at 0.001 mM and 0.002 mM), Putrescine (at 0.01 mM and 0.02 mM), Brassinosteroid (at 0.1 ppm and 0.5 ppm) and an untreated control, had an impact on the production characteristics of acid lime Kuliana local. The data on crop productivity and its characteristics were documented throughout the corresponding seasons in both years. Plant bioregulators with the highest efficacy for increasing fruit production were discovered by evaluating the performance of different growth characteristics. The variance in plant bioregulators has a significant impact on yield. Brassinolide exhibited the most significant impact on number of fruits per tree, with an average number of 379.02 fruits. Additionally, it resulted in a higher yield of 12.46 kg per tree. The minimum days to flower bud initiation (41.64), days to 50 % flowering (47.96), maximum number of flowers per cluster (21.47), number of flower clusters per tree (39.89) and fruit weight (33.71 g) were also observed as significant related to brassinosteroid application compared to other treatments. Minimum number of seeds per fruit (5.97) was seen in the treatment of GA3 at 10 ppm. There was no significant difference among the treatments on peel thickness. Furthermore, the use of brassinosteroids led to a higher benefit-cost ratio of 2.96 compared to the remaining treatments and the untreated control group in both seasons of the study. Our findings demonstrated that the treatment with a brassinosteroid known as Brassinolide yielded the greatest outcomes in terms of yield attributes for acid lime.
Vpliv prehrane na ustni mikrobiom in parodontalno zdravje
Authors: Robič Tina
Published: August 2024

Periodontal disease is a chronic inflammatory condition that affects the supporting tissues of the teeth and can lead to tooth loss if not properly treated. The main cause of periodontal disease is an imbalance in the oral microbiome, the complex community of microorganisms inhabiting the oral cavity. Disruption of this balance can lead to the overgrowth of pathogenic bacteria that trigger an inflammatory response in the gums. Diet also has a significant impact on the composition and diversity of the oral microbiome, and thus can greatly influence gum health and overall oral health. Including anti-inflammatory nutrients such as omega-3 fatty acids, antioxidants, vitamin D, polyphenols in the diet and reducing sugar intake can help manage and prevent periodontal disease. The therapeutic use of probiotics, such as bifidobacteria and lactobacilli, represents a new concept in dentistry. Research shows that regular use of probiotic supplements or probiotic-rich foods, such as yogurts and fermented foods, supports the maintenance of a balanced oral microbiome. Probiotics in periodontal disease work by inhibiting the growth of pathogenic bacteria, reducing inflammatory responses in the oral cavity, and stimulating the immune system for better defense against infections. Additionally, they promote the proliferation of fibroblasts, thereby supporting tissue healing. Diet control, intake of vitamin supplements, and probiotics, combined with good oral hygiene and regular dental visits, can significantly improve gum health and prevent the progression of periodontal disease.
Aquaporin 1 confers apoptosis resistance in pulmonary arterial smooth muscle cells from the SU5416 hypoxia rat model
Authors: Yun Xin , Niedermeyer Shannon , Andrade Manuella Ribas , Jiang Haiyang , Suresh Karthik , Kolb Todd , Damarla Mahendra , Shimoda Larissa A.
Published: August 2024

Pulmonary hypertension (PH) arises from increased pulmonary vascular resistance due to contraction and remodeling of the pulmonary arteries. The structural changes include thickening of the smooth muscle layer from increased proliferation and resistance to apoptosis. The mechanisms underlying apoptosis resistance in PH are not fully understood. In cancer cells, high expression of aquaporin 1 (AQP1), a water channel, is associated with apoptosis resistance. We showed AQP1 protein was expressed in pulmonary arterial smooth muscle cells (PASMCs) and upregulated in preclinical PH models. In this study, we used PASMCs isolated from control male rats and the SU5416 plus hypoxia (SuHx) model to test the role of AQP1 in modulating susceptibility to apoptosis. We found the elevated level of AQP1 in PASMCs from SuHx rats was necessary for resistance to apoptosis and that apoptosis resistance could be conferred by increasing AQP1 in control PASMCs. In exploring the downstream pathways involved, we found AQP1 levels influence the expression of Bcl‐2, with enhanced AQP1 levels corresponding to increased Bcl‐2 expression, reducing the ratio of BAX to Bcl‐2, consistent with apoptosis resistance. These results provide a mechanism by which AQP1 can regulate PASMC fate.
Effects of a 217‐km mountain ultramarathon on the gut microbiota of an obese runner: A case report
Authors: Saragiotto Giulio Kai , de Oliveira Luiz Felipe Valter , Scharlack Nayara Kastem , de Oliveira Milena Merizzi , Freire Fernanda Campos , Simabuco Fernando Moreira , Sivieri Katia , Sartoratto Adilson , Belli Taisa , Antunes Adriane Elisabete Costa
Published: August 2024

Obesity is characterized by specific changes in the composition of the gut microbiota (GM). Exercise can contribute to the modulation of GM. This is the first case study to analyze the composition and metabolism of the GM of an obese runner in a single‐stage mountain ultramarathon (MUM) with a mileage of 217 km. Fecal samples were collected 7 days before the race (T0), 15 min after the end of the race (T1), and 7 days after the end of the race (T2). GM composition was analyzed by real‐time PCR and shotgun sequencing. We observed a decrease in Bacillota/Bacteroidota ratio and α‐diversity after the race. After the 217‐km MUM, we observed a decrease in symbiont microorganisms and a notable increase in harmful bacteria. In conclusion, we found that the 217‐km MUM may have contributed to the intestinal dysbiosis of the obese runner.
Comparison between a new device for the semen quality analysis and the manual microscopic evaluation in a not specialistic clinical laboratory
Authors: Jani Erika , Bozzola Margherita , Zagler Elmar Marco , Roccaforte Vincenzo , Daves Massimo
Published: August 2024

Objectives

Semen analysis investigates different parameters of human semen with a high relevance in fertility workup, confirmation of sterility by post vasectomy, in pathologies follow-up such as varicocele and in all cases where sperm preservation is required. Manually seminal fluid examination is characterized by poor reproducibility. Aim of this study was to evaluate the performance of an automatic device in semen analysis by comparing its results with those obtained with the manual microscopy.

Materials

Fifty samples (age 18–59 years) were analyzed simultaneously by the manual and automated method. Manual analysis was performed by at least two experienced operators. Concentration and motility were determined by means of standard manual analysis and by the automated LensHooke™ analyzer following the last WHO guidelines.

Results

We compared the concentration (million/mL) of spermatozoa obtained from manual and instrumental count and different classifications obtained: normal, oligospermic, cryptospermic and azoospermic samples. The Wilcoxon test does not show a statistically significant difference. The Bland-Altman plot showed a slightly higher value for the manual count. Second, we compared the morphology and the samples classification in morphological normal and abnormal. Third, spermatozoa motility obtained from the manual and instrumental count was compared with a different classification in normal total motility and asthenozoospermia. Statistical tests showed respectively for morphology and motility a moderate and a very good agreement.

Conclusions

Our study demonstrates that the LensHooke™ shows an acceptable agreement with the manual microscopic seminal fluid evaluation. The use of this simple device could help to standardize reports in non specialistic laboratories.
Improved results on planar Klein-Gordon-Maxwell system with critical exponential growth
Authors: Wen Lixi , Jin Peng
Published: August 2024

This work is concerned with the following Klein-Gordon-Maxwell system:

−
Δ
u
+
V

(

x

)

u
−

(

2
ω
+
ϕ

)

ϕ
u
=
f

(

u

)

,

x
∈

R

2

,

Δ
ϕ
=

(

ω
+
ϕ

)

u

2

,

x
∈

R

2

,

\left\{\begin{array}{ll}-\Delta u+V\left(x)u-\left(2\omega +\phi )\phi u=f\left(u),\hspace{1.0em}& x\in {{\mathbb{R}}}^{2},\\ \Delta \phi =\left(\omega +\phi ){u}^{2},\hspace{1.0em}& x\in {{\mathbb{R}}}^{2},\end{array}\right.

where

ω
>
0

\omega \gt 0

is a constant,

u
,
ϕ
:

R

2

→
R

u,\phi :{{\mathbb{R}}}^{2}\to {\mathbb{R}}

,

V
∈
C

(

R

2

,
R

)

V\in {\mathcal{C}}\left({{\mathbb{R}}}^{2},{\mathbb{R}})

, and

f
∈
C

(

R
,
R

)

f\in {\mathcal{C}}\left({\mathbb{R}},{\mathbb{R}})

obeys exponential critical growth in the sense of the Trudinger-Moser inequality. We give some new sufficient conditions on

f

f

, specifically related to exponential growth, to obtain the existence of nontrivial solutions. Our results improve and extend the previous results. In particular, we give a more precise estimation than the ones in the existing literature about the minimax level.
Study on Friction Properties of CNTs/AlSi10Mg Composites
Authors: Liao Z. , Zou L. , Pan J. , Lin Z.
Published: August 2024

The purpose of this study was to explore the effect of eutectic silicon particle size on the properties of composites of carbon-nano tubes (CNTs) and AlSi10Mg prepared by powder metallurgy. The samples were studied using light microscopy, X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, friction tests and tensile experiments. The effects of short-term heat treatment (540 °C solid solution for 1 h 175 °C aging for 4, 5, and 6 h) on the microstructure, tribological properties and tensile properties of the CNTs/AlSi10Mg composites were investigated. The results showed that the composite material showed an obvious toughening effect after 1 h of solid solution treatment and 4 h of aging, and the elongation increased by 33 %. Adding CNTs can improve the friction performance of the material. The composite material has the best friction performance when aged for 5 h. After a short heat treatment, the eutectic silicon is homogenized in the α-Al matrix, and the eutectic network is broken. The eutectic silicon becomes rounded from the lath shape. The spheroidized structure reduces stress concentrations around silicon particles and improves the friction performance of the composite material.
A New Cu-Alloyed Precipitation-Hardening Hot-Work Tool Steel
Authors: Fuchs J. , Hippenstiel F.
Published: August 2024

Hot-work tools for hot forming processes, such as die forging, are subject to complex loads that can often lead to premature tool failure. The present study attempts to reduce the main cause of failure of high-speed hot working tools, i. e., wear due to surface breakdown, with the aid of damage-tolerant microstructures. For this purpose, a hot-work tool steel is specifically alloyed with copper in order to form copper precipitations during the subsequent heat treatment, which increase the strength of the material and contribute to the reduction of dislocation movements. The aim is to close the property gap between the standardized direct-hardening and secondary-hardening hot-work tool steels.
The hull-kernel topology on prime ideals in ordered semigroups
Authors: Wu Huanrong , Zhang Huarong
Published: August 2024

The aim of this study is to develop the theory of prime ideals in ordered semigroups. First, to ensure the existence of prime ideals, we study a class of ordered semigroups which will be denoted by

S

I
P

{{\mathbb{S}}}_{IP}

. And then we introduce the hull-kernel topology for the prime ideals

P

(

S

)

{\mathcal{P}}\left(S)

and the topological properties like separation axioms, compactness and connectedness are studied. Finally, we focus on the subspace

ℳ

(

S
,
I

)

{\mathcal{ {\mathcal M} }}\left(S,I)

, minimal prime ideals containing the ideal

I

I

in an ordered semigroup

S

S

. We investigate topological properties of this subspace and connections between this subspace and the ordered semigroup

S

S

.
Ein Beitrag zur Temperaturpräzisionsmessung durch Drifterkennung an Platin-100-Messwiderständen in Dünnschichttechnologie
Authors: Knechtel Roy , Seyring Martin , Bonitz Björn , Meiselbach Uwe , Irrgang Klaus
Published: August 2024

Das Driftverhalten von Platin-100-Dünnschicht-Temperatursensoren (Pt100), die mit unterschiedlichen Substratmaterialien aufgebaut sind, wurde untersucht. Dabei wurden die Pt100-Messwiderstände bei einer erhöhten Temperatur von 400 °C über einen Zeitraum von 38 Tagen gealtert. Die zeitliche Veränderung der Widerstandswerte (R
TPW) gemessen am Tripelpunkt des Wassers (T
TPW = 0,01 °C) wurde unter Verwendung einer Tripelpunktzelle aufgenommen. Zusätzlich zu der thermischen Belastung wurde der Einfluss einer hohen elektrischen Dauerstrombelastung mit 10 mA charakterisiert. Es wird gezeigt, dass die Richtung der Drift, d. h. die Änderung des Widerstandwertes der Pt100-Sensoren, die bei identischen Bedingungen über fortschreitende Lager- und Betriebszeit gemessen wurde, maßgeblich vom jeweils verwendeten Keramiksubstrat abhängt. Pt100-Sensoren mit Magnesiumtitanat-Substrat weisen einen über die Zeit steigenden Widerstandswert auf, während dieser bei Pt100-Sensoren mit Aluminiumoxid-Substrat mit der Zeit fällt. Beide Sensortypen zeigen nach etwa 30 Tagen thermischer Belastung keine weitere signifikante Änderung ihres Widerstandwertes. Für beide Aufbauvarianten der Pt100-Sensoren führt eine zusätzliche elektrisch Belastung trotz großer Ströme zu keinem deutlich anderen Driftverhalten gegenüber den rein thermisch gealterten Sensoren. In der vorliegenden Studie wird nachgewiesen, dass das Differenzsignal der bei thermischer Lagerung gegenläufig driftenden Sensortypen ein signifikantes Maß für die quantitative Überwachung von deren Driftverhalten darstellt. Kombinierte Pt100-Sensoren bestehend aus einem Hauptsensor (geringe Drift) basierend auf einem Magnesiumtitanat-Substrat und einem Hilfssensor auf Aluminiumoxid-Substrat (höhere Drift mit umgekehrten Vorzeichen) erlauben bei beliebigen Temperaturen eine valide Selbstdiagnose anhand des Differenzsignals, das letztlich als Kriterium für den Sensoraustausch oder Anpassungen in der Signalverarbeitungselektronik verwendet werden kann, unabhängig von den konkreten Lager- und Betriebsbedingen.
Effects of Different Exercise Training on Physical Fitness and Technical Skills in Handball Players. A Systematic Review
Authors: Akbar Saddam , Kim Geok Soh , Bashir Marrium , Jazaily Bin Mohd Nasiruddin Nasnoor , Luo Shengyao , He Sun
Published: August 2024

Akbar, S, Kim Geok, S, Bashir, M, Jazaily Bin Mohd, NN, Luo, S, and He, S. Effects of different exercise training on physical fitness and technical skills in handball players. A systematic review.J Strength Cond ResXX(X): 000–000, 2024—This review aimed to assess the effects of exercise training on handball players' performance. A thorough search was conducted in 5 online databases (ProQuest, PubMed, Science Direct, Web of Science, and EBSCOhost (SPORTDiscus), as well as on Google Scholar and other gray literature references starting on April 11, 2022. The methodological quality of the included research was evaluated using the Physiotherapy Evidence Database scale. This systematic review includes 16 studies. Eight studies received “excellent” ratings (≥6 points), 5 received “good” ratings (5 points), and 3 received “moderate” ratings (4 points). The findings showed that the most frequently examined performance factors in exercise training intervention strategies with handball players were balance (n= 5), agility (n= 8), speed (n= 9), and jumping performance (n= 10). Muscular strength (n= 4), shooting and dribbling skill (n= 3), and muscular endurance (n= 4) were the second most frequently investigated performance factors. Regarding speed and agility, exercise training considerably improved the physical fitness of handball players. However, evidence related to muscular strength, shooting ability, and dribbling skills was limited. To achieve the optimum standard, handball players must have strong physical and physiological qualities. Meanwhile, no evidence was found related to the impacts of exercise training on power, endurance, flexibility, body composition, cardiovascular fitness, and cardiorespiratory fitness. Regarding limitations, there is a need for more research with solid evidence to determine the impacts of exercise training interventions on athletes' performance in handball.
The Joint Consequence of Detection Limit Censoring and Detection Limit Determination Uncertainty
Authors: Bzik Thomas J. , Ketkar Suhas N.
Published: August 2024

Method detection limits estimated from specialized data studies are frequently used as a basis for left censoring reported data. Estimated method detection limits are frequently impacted by the failure to fully mimic all measurement system characteristics represented in process quality data collection. This can result in use of method detection limit estimates in the censoring process that are likely to be biased on the small side. A large set of product quality data analytically provides the substantial combined impact of detection limit censoring in conjunction with common precision and accuracy issues found in classical detection limit estimation processes. A methodology for estimation of practical method detection limits directly from uncensored quality data rather than through a formal detection limit study is provided. The utility and improved accuracy and stability of such practical detection limit estimates versus classically derived detection limits is demonstrated. Guidance is provided with respect to how to approach detection limit censoring whether one chooses to apply it or not to their reported data.
An Alternate Photosynthesis Lab for AP Biology
Authors: Pauller Noel
Published: August 2024

The process of photosynthesis is included in Unit 3: Cellular Energetics of the AP Biology Course and Exam Description (CED). Many teachers use the floating leaf disk assay from “AP Biology Investigative Labs: An Inquiry Based Approach” to teach this biochemical process; but often face procedural difficulties, time requirement challenges, inconsistent data, and student confusion pertaining to the overall learning goals of the lab experience. This alternate procedure streamlines the experimental set up and shifts the data collection goal to measuring the volume of oxygen generated by the light reaction. The protocol provides students opportunities to design their own variations of the experiment to analyze environmental conditions that may influence the rate of oxygen generation during the light reaction.
Investigation of Athletic Performances of Racket Sportsmen
Authors: Saçıkara Ali , Kılıç Mehmet
Published: August 2024

The aim of this study is to determine the performance and physical fitness of racket sports players. Sport is a biological and social pursuit that involves an individual's physical activity and motor skills, aiming to enhance their mental, emotional, and social behaviors within specific regulations and compete under certain rules. The study included 36 male athletes, with 12 participants in each of the table tennis, badminton, and tennis branches. Measurements were taken for the age, height, body weight, body mass index, t-test, reaction test, 30-meter speed test, aerobic power test, and anaerobic power test for the participating athletes. The data were recorded using the SPSS 22.00 package program. Npar tests were used for the overall averages of the groups. One-Way Anova Analysis test was employed for the pairwise averages of the groups (p<0.05). Duncan's multiple comparison test was used for intergroup differences (p<0.05). In terms of body weight values, the tennis group is similar to the badminton and table tennis groups, with the table tennis group significantly higher than the badminton group (p<0.05). T-test values for agility are similar for badminton and table tennis, while the tennis group's agility test performance is significantly higher than both the table tennis and badminton groups (p<0.05). MaxVo2 levels are similar for the table tennis group and the tennis and badminton groups, with the badminton group significantly higher than the tennis group (p<0.05). No statistically significant results were found in other measurements examined (p>0.05). In conclusion, differences were found in body weight, agility levels, aerobic powers, field measurements, and racket sizes. These differences are believed to be influenced by competition durations and types, field dimensions, and racket sizes.
Book Review of Meredith Hindley's "Destination Casablanca: Exile, Espionage, and the Battle for North Africa in World War II"
Authors: Fuelling Mathias
Published: August 2024

Book Review of Meredith Hindley's "Destination Casablanca: Exile, Espionage, and the Battle for North Africa in World War II"
Note from the Davis Fellow
Authors: Fischer Michael
Published: August 2024

This note from Michael Fischer, the 2018-2019 Davis Fellow, provides a brief recap of the semester and points to the many contributions that the CENFAD community has made to this edition of Strategic Visions.
Interview with Jason Smith
Authors: Fischer Michael
Published: August 2024

Jason Smith of Southern Connecticut State University discusses his research and his recently published book, To Master the Boundless Sea: The U.S. Navy, the Marine Enviornment, and the Cartography of Empire.
Interview with Drew McKevitt
Authors: Fischer Michael
Published: August 2024

Drew McKevitt of Louisiana Tech University discusses his research and his recently published book, Consuming Japan: Popular Culture and the Globalizing of 1980s America.
Note from the Director
Authors: McPherson Alan
Published: August 2024

Our director, Dr. Alan McPherson, details CENFAD's fall 2018 events and prizes, and looks forward to the Spring 2019 semester at CENFAD.
News from the CENFAD Community
Authors: Fischer Michael
Published: August 2024

News from the CENFAD Community 2019
Interview with Eliga Could - Conducted by Taylor Christian
Authors: Fischer Michael , Christian Taylor
Published: August 2024

Interview with historian Eliga Could, conducted by graduate student Taylor Christian.
Table of Contents
Authors: VanSise Casey
Published: August 2024

Table of Contents for Strategic Visions Fall 2021 Edition
Q&A with Ethan Cohen, Inaugural Immerman Awardee
Authors: VanSise Casey
Published: August 2024

Ethan Cohen is currently a second-year history PhD student at Temple University, and the inaugural recipient of the new Richard Immerman Research Award (named after one of CENFAD’s co-founders and former directors), with amounts up to $1,500 given to students whose research projects are congruent with the mission of CENFAD. In this print-exclusive feature, I speak with Ethan about the prize and the research project that it has helped to support in his case.
Interview with Dr. Silke Zoller
Authors: VanSise Casey
Published: August 2024

CENFAD community interview with Dr. Silke Zoller, Temple History PhD alumnus, former 2014-15 Thomas J. Davis Fellow, and Assistant Professor of History at Kennesaw State University, concerning her book To Deter and Punish: Global Collaboration Against Terrorism in the 1970s (Columbia University Press, 2021)
Parásitos gastrointestinales en tagua (Catagonus wagneri) criados en el Centro Chaqueño para la Conservación e Investigación, Paraguay
Authors: Gómez Raquel , Fernández Roswita , Rodríguez María Inés
Published: August 2024

The Chaco peccary or tagua lives in the Paraguayan Chaco and is on the red list of the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) and on the red list of Paraguay as an endangered animal. Therefore, the aim of this work was to identify gastrointestinal parasites in tagua, determining possible associations between parasite load and population densities in captive tagua pens of the Chaco Center for Conservation and Research. Faecal samples were collected from animals and pooled according to pens and subjected to analysis using the sugar flotation technique. The presence of Ascaris spp, Coccidea spp and cestodes was found, but without being able to determine the species. The parasitic infestation was independent of the population density of the pens (p>0.05).
Redefining Arabic Poetry: Descriptive Historical Perspective
Authors: Amsariah Siti , Zekaizak Fathalla Mohammed Fathalla
Published: August 2024

Poetry has captivated people from ancient times to the modern era, sparking numerous debates, conflicts, and rivalries. This phenomenon has led to the creation of many books, anthologies, newspapers, and magazines. Countless debates have ensued, news and stories have proliferated, and numerous studies have been conducted on this subject from various perspectives and with different objectives. This research examines poetry from the standpoint of its intrinsic values. The article investigates and analyzes the wisdom of studying poetry, its virtues, and its diverse benefits. The aim of this study is to explore the implications of studying and reading poetry, as well as its merits and advantages. The method used is descriptive-historical, based on the selection of relevant events and facts, and the collection of data pertinent to the research objectives. This article begins with an introduction followed by three main sections: first, the virtues of poetry and the wisdom of studying it; second, the benefits of poetry; and third, the appreciation and rewards for poets and their work. The research findings lead to several significant conclusions: high-quality poetry possesses many virtues and benefits, both in terms of human relationships with the divine and with fellow human beings. These include the promise of paradise and receiving prayers and praise from Allah's beloved, Prophet Muhammad SAW. Poetry serves as a means of expressing gratitude to Allah, enhancing understanding of the Quran, and appreciating its eloquence. It brings joy and longing to the hearts of Muslims, inspires courage in the brave, elevates the spirit, comforts the soul, and bolsters moral fortitude. Such aspects of poetry contribute to spiritual well-being, foster acceptance and openness in social life, and serve as a source of great reward and appreciation.
Tennis as Social Mobilization to Achieve the American Dream in the Film King Richard (2021)
Authors: Ramadhan Haekal , Zakky Akhmad
Published: August 2024

This study investigates the influence of tennis on the social mobility of an African-American family and how it shapes their pursuit of the American Dream. Employing qualitative research methods, this study utilizes elements of mise-en-scène in film analysis and social mobility theory to comprehensively explore how an African-American family uses tennis as a means to achieve their American Dream. The research reveals that Richard Williams' journey as a Black man determined to guide his daughters, Venus and Serena, to become world tennis champions, challenged deep-rooted racial barriers within American society. Furthermore, motivation, education, and achievement were significant factors influencing the upward social mobility of the Williams family. Despite not coming from a high social status background, the Williams family used tennis as a pathway to achieve their American Dream. This research argues that tennis broke societal boundaries and cemented the Williams family's legacy as a living embodiment of the American Dream. Their story stands as a testament to the boundless possibilities that determination and resilience through sports can offer, even when confronted with significant racial challenges and social disparities.
Innovative Teaching Strategies for Kurikulum Merdeka to Improve Education for Indonesian Migrant Children in Jeddah
Authors: Syamsi Atikah , Ramdaeni Suci , Binasdevi Misbah
Published: August 2024

AbstractThis study aims to examine the implementation of teacher training on learning innovations within the Kurikulum Merdeka to improve the quality of education for students, particularly Indonesian children living abroad. This community service employs the Asset-Based Community Development (ABCD) approach. The target participants are all 18 elementary school teachers at the Indonesian School in Jeddah. Data collection instruments included both qualitative and quantitative methods, utilizing questionnaires and interviews, before and after the implementation of activities. As a result of this service activity, the teachers at the Indonesian School in Jeddah successfully developed innovative learning media for the Kurikulum Merdeka using digital tools such as Canva and Assembler Edu. Furthermore, the use of digital technology-based learning media significantly motivated students and enhanced their learning experience.AbstrakPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji penerapan pelatihan guru tentang inovasi pembelajaran dalam Kurikulum Merdeka untuk meningkatkan kualitas pendidikan bagi siswa, terutama anak-anak Indonesia yang tinggal di luar negeri. Layanan masyarakat ini menggunakan pendekatan Asset-Based Community Development (ABCD). Peserta yang menjadi target adalah semua 18 guru sekolah dasar di Sekolah Indonesia di Jeddah. Instrumen pengumpulan data mencakup metode kualitatif dan kuantitatif, dengan menggunakan kuesioner dan wawancara masing-masing, sebelum dan sesudah pelaksanaan kegiatan. Sebagai hasil dari kegiatan pelayanan ini, para guru di Sekolah Indonesia di Jeddah berhasil mengembangkan media pembelajaran inovatif untuk Kurikulum Merdeka menggunakan alat digital seperti Canva dan Assembler Edu. Selain itu, penggunaan media pembelajaran berbasis teknologi digital secara signifikan memotivasi siswa dan meningkatkan pengalaman belajar mereka.  How to Cite: Syamsi, A., Ramdaeni, S., & Binasdevi Misbah. (2024). Innovative Teaching Strategies for Kurikulum Merdeka to Improve Education for Indonesian Migrant Children in Jeddah. TARBIYA: Journal of Education in Muslim Society, 11(1), 37-46. doi:10.15408/tjems.v11i1.37904
Applying Coproduction Methods to Research, Clinical Care, Quality Improvement, and Education in PHM
Authors: Litterer Katherine P. , Cray Sharon , Gonzalez Priscilla , Baird Jennifer D. , Khan Alisa ,   PFC I-PASS SCORE Study Group
Published: August 2024

Coproduction—actively collaborating with key partners and end-users toward a shared goal—challenges the traditional medical hierarchy. Each partner brings unique perspectives, knowledge, expertise, values, and preferences. In pediatric hospital medicine, coproduction involves collaborating with partners often excluded from research, clinical care, quality improvement, and medical education, including patients/families, nurses, and trainees. This article describes strategies for applying coproduction, using multiple pediatric coproduction initiatives as case examples, including efforts of the Patient and Family Centered I-PASS Study Group over the past decade to apply coproduction to studies to reduce harmful medical errors and implement family-centered rounds communication interventions. We describe how coproduction can be applied to (1) research (eg, codesigning instruments, measuring patient-reported outcomes), (2) clinical care (eg, improving treatment effectiveness, shared decision-making), (3) quality improvement (eg, measuring and improving adherence to intervention components), and (4) medical education (eg, training families, nurses, and trainees about communication, providing disease-specific education). Successful coproduction involves attention to diversity, equity, inclusion, engagement, compensation, and team management. Coproduction can lead to higher quality, safer, more equitable care, improved content development and delivery, refined methods and implementation, and more salient learning for all.
Effect of lactic acid bacteria inoculation on the aflatoxin B1 contamination and the diversity of yeast communities in Aspergillus flavus-contaminated experimental corn silage
Authors: Sárkány D. , Bata-Vidács I. , Dobolyi Cs. , Dlauchy D. , Szabó Gy. , Kukolya J.
Published: August 2024

The present work aimed to study the yeast communities of whole crop corn silages (CS) that were previously contaminated with aflatoxin-producing Aspergillus flavus (CSCA). In addition, the effect of lactic acid bacterium (LAB) inoculation on the aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) content, genotoxicity, yeast load, and diversity of yeast communities were also investigated. In A. flavus contaminated silages, after two months, the AFB1 content was 40% lower with LAB inoculation, also a lower level of genotoxicity was determined. The number of yeasts cultured from the initial mixture of chopped whole crop corn was 4.8 × 107 CFU g−1 wet mass, while only 2.4 × 106 CFU g−1 from the CSCA and 7.1 × 105 CFU g−1 from the LAB-inoculated CSCA could be cultured. Based on 144 randomly isolated strains, the yeast community of the initial mixture consisted of 8 species. In contrast, the yeast community of CSCA consisted only of 4 species determined by 132 randomly selected isolates. LAB-inoculated CSCA consisted also of 4 species based on 158 randomly isolated strains. Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Pichia kudriavzevii proved to be predominant in the CSCA, while S. cerevisiae and Meyerozyma guilliermondii were the most abundant in the LAB-inoculated CSCA. The species richness was also confirmed by alpha diversity values (1.827, 1.188, and 1.123 as Shannon's indices for CS, CSCA, and LAB-inoculated CSCA, respectively). In response to LAB inoculation, the species diversity decreased considerably.
Ferroelectric field effect transistors based on two-dimensional CuInP2S6 (CIPS) and graphene heterostructures
Authors: Ghani Maheera Abdul , Sarkar Soumya , Li Yang , Wang Ye , Watanabe Kenji , Taniguchi Takashi , Wang Yan , Chhowalla Manish
Published: August 2024

Heterostructures of two-dimensional (2D) materials comprise clean van der Waals (vdW) interfaces that can facilitate charge or energy transfer. Recently, the 2D ferroelectric CuInP2S6 (CIPS) has been integrated with graphene and other 2D materials to realize potentially novel low energy electronic devices. However, the influence of 2D CIPS on the properties of graphene and doping across the vdW interface has not been studied in detail. Here, we study graphene field effect transistors (FETs) with CIPS as the top gate. We find that CIPS leads to modulation of the graphene Fermi level due to local doping. We also find polarization-induced hysteresis in CIPS-gated graphene FETs. Electrical transport measurements from 50 to300 K show that above 200 K, the ferroelectric response decreases. As a result, the hysteresis voltage windows in the graphene ferroelectric FETs (FeFET) transfer curves decrease above 200 K. Our results show that interfacial remote doping affects the macroscopic polarization and performance of CIPS-based graphene FeFETs.

Graphical abstract

Highlights

This research studies the temperature-dependent local doping across a vdW ferroelectric/2D channel interface that affects the transport properties of ferroelectric field effect transistors (FeFETs).

Experimental findings showed ferroelectric polarization switching-based hysteresis in CuInP2S6-gated graphene FeFETs.

Discussion

vdW ferroelectrics that can be scaled to atomic layer thicknesses are useful for miniaturised low energy electronics.

Understanding the interface charge or energy transfer in vdW ferroelectrics is essential for their integration into current or future technologies.
IRT/IRT as a newborn cystic fibrosis screening method: optimal cutoff points for a mixed population
Authors: Godoy Carolina , Brito Pedro Paulo , Amorim Tatiana , Souza Edna Lúcia , Boa-Sorte Ney
Published: August 2024

Abstract: The Brazilian Unified National Health System (SUS) has incorporated newborn screening for cystic fibrosis since 2001. The protocol involves two samples of immunoreactive trypsinogen (IRT1/IRT2). This study aims to analyze fixed and floating values at the first and second IRT (IRT1/IRT2) cutoff points and assess the accuracy of the IRT/IRT methodology in a population from Northeastern Brazil. Descriptive, individual-level data from the newborn screening reference service data system (2013-2017) were used in this observational population study. The sensitivity, specificity, and positive predictive values (PPV) for the protocol were calculated. The best cutoff point was determined using the Youden’s index. The previous year’s cut-off values for the IRT1 and IRT2 99.4-, 99.5-, 99.6-, and 99.7-percentiles were utilized for the floating cutoff. During the studied period, 840,832 newborns underwent screening for cystic fibrosis, obtaining 49 cystic fibrosis diagnoses: 39 by newborn screening (79.6%) and 10 (20.4%) by clinical suspicion (false negative). The sensitivity, specificity, and PPV of the protocol totaled 79.6%, 99.9%, and 6.1%, respectively. No proposed cutoff for IRT1 performed better than the current one. IRT2 performed similarly to the current protocol at a cutoff point of 90ng/mL, showing the appropriate sensitivity and specificity while reducing the frequency of false positives. The protocol to screen newborns for cystic fibrosis had low sensitivity, a predictive positive value, and a high number of false positives and negatives. A floating cut point for IRT1 or IRT2 seems to constitute no viable option. However, changing the IRT2 cut point from 70ng/mL to 90ng/mL seems to have advantages and should undergo consideration.
Time series analysis: trend in late maternal mortality in Brazil, 2010-2019
Authors: Borgonove Kelly Cristina Almeida , Lansky Sônia , Soares Vânia Muniz Nequer , Matozinhos Fernanda Penido , Martins Eunice Francisca , Silva Roberto Allan Ribeiro , Souza Kleyde Ventura de
Published: August 2024

Abstract: To analyze the temporal trend of the late maternal mortality ratio (LMMR) in Brazil and its geographic regions in the period from 2010 to 2019, an ecological time series study was conducted. Data related to late maternal mortality from information systems of the Brazilian Ministry of Health were used. Statistical analysis used Prais-Winsten autoregressive models. A total of 1,470 late maternal deaths were reported in Brazil, resulting in an LMMR of 5 deaths per 100,000 live births. The late maternal mortality records revealed regional disparities, with the lowest index in the North (3.5/100,000 live births) and the highest in the South (8.3/100,000 live births). The LMMR showed an increasing trend in the country, with a general increase in the LMMR in the period and a mean annual percentage variation of 9.79% (95%CI: 4.32; 15.54). The Central-West region led this increase, with a mean annual percentage change of 26.06% (95%CI: 16.36; 36.56), followed by the North and Northeast regions, with 23.5% (95%CI: 13.93; 33.88). About 83% of the reported late maternal deaths were investigated, and 65.6% were corrected by the Maternal Mortality Committees. These findings highlight the relevance of late maternal mortality as an important indicator for maternal health, which is often invisible. The increase in the LMMR result from the improvement in the quality of the registration of these deaths in recent years in Brazil, and especially from the work of investigating deaths. The fragility of reporting with regional disparities points to the need for a more comprehensive approach that promotes equity and prevention of avoidable late maternal mortality.
Relation between child maltreatment and human capital: results from a population-based birth cohort
Authors: Hirschmann Roberta , Blumenberg Cauane , Soares Pedro San Martin , Menezes Ana Maria Baptista , Wehrmeister Fernando César , Gonçalves Helen
Published: August 2024

Abstract: This study aimed to investigate the association between child maltreatment and human capital, measured by intelligence quotient (IQ) at age 18 years and schooling at age 22 years in 3,736 members from a population-based birth cohort in Southern Brazil. A multiple linear regression was used to assess the association between child maltreatment and human capital measurements. Physical and emotional abuse and physical neglect occurring up to 15 years of age were considered child maltreatment. Physical neglect was associated with lower IQ scores in women (β = -4.40; 95%CI: -6.82; -1.99) and men (β = -2.58; 95%CI: -5.17; -0.01) and lower schooling for all sexes: women (β = -1.19; 95%CI: -1.64; -0.74) and men (β = -0.82; 95%CI: -1.34; -0.30). Moreover, men who had experienced one type of child maltreatment and women who had experienced two or more types had lower years of schooling at 22 years (β = -0.41; 95%CI: -0.73; -0.89 and β = -0.57; 95%CI: -0.91; -0.22, respectively) than those who suffered no kind of maltreatment. Efforts to improve future educational and cognitive outcomes must include early prevention and intervention strategies for child maltreatment.
Discapacidad y participación en actividades de ocio activo: resultados de una encuesta poblacional chilena
Authors: Chávez-Cunti Nicole , Jhonnel Alarco J
Published: August 2024

Resumen: Las actividades recreativas son necesarias para mejorar la calidad de vida y el buen estado de salud de la población. Algunos estudios en países desarrollados han descrito que las personas con discapacidad participan menos en actividades recreativas. El objetivo de este estudio fue estimar la asociación entre la discapacidad y la participación en actividades de ocio activo en la población de 18 o más años de Chile, durante el año 2015. Se efectuó un estudio transversal analítico con los datos de la II Encuesta Nacional de la Discapacidad (ENDISC II) 2015 de Chile. La variable independiente fue la discapacidad y la variable dependiente fue la participación en actividades de ocio activo en los últimos seis meses. Se elaboraron modelos de regresión de Poisson y se estimaron razones de prevalencia (RP) con sus intervalos de 95% de confianza (IC95%). Se incluyeron a 12.236 participantes. Los chilenos con discapacidad moderada y severa tuvieron menos probabilidades de participar en actividades de ocio activo (RP = 0,96; IC95%: 0,93-0,99 y RP = 0,78; IC95%: 0,72-0,84, respectivamente), en comparación con los chilenos sin discapacidad. Cuando se estratificó por grupos de edad, esta asociación se mantuvo significativa solo en los mayores de 45 años. En conclusión, las personas con discapacidad de Chile participan menos en actividades de ocio activo en comparación con las personas sin discapacidad, aunque solo si son mayores de 45 años. Los programas sociales de recreación deberían priorizar la incorporación de personas mayores con discapacidad.
Nueve años de tendencia en la resistencia a ciprofloxacina por Escherichia coli: estudio transversal en un hospital de Colombia
Authors: Villalobos Emy Shilena Torres , Ossa José Alberto Mendivil De la , Meza Yolima Pertuz , Gulloso Andres Camilo Rojas
Published: August 2024

Resumen: La ciprofloxacina es un antibiótico de importancia crítica para la salud humana. El aumento de la resistencia de Escherichia coli a ciprofloxacina es un problema de salud pública global por su importancia en el tratamiento de infecciones urinarias complicadas y otras infecciones graves; sin embargo, su prescripción es alta en el caribe colombiano. El objetivo fue determinar la tendencia de resistencia de E. coli a ciprofloxacina en un hospital colombiano de alta complejidad. A partir de reportes de antibiogramas, los aislados fueron categorizados según los criterios del Instituto de Normas Clínicas y de Laboratorio de los Estados Unidos para cada año estudiado; se calcularon proporciones y se exploraron diferencias en la sensibilidad con pruebas χ2. Se utilizó la prueba de Cochran-Armitage para evaluar la tendencia de la resistencia. Valores de p ≤ 0,05 se consideraron significativos. Se analizaron 6.848 aislados, encontrándose una resistencia de 49,31%. Según el origen, la resistencia más alta fue en muestras comunitarias (51,96% - IC95%: 50,51; 53,41), y por tipo de muestra, en piel y tejidos (61,76% - IC95%: 56,96; 66,35) y orina (48,97% - IC95%: 47,71; 50,23). Se halló una tendencia al aumento en la resistencia por año (p < 0,0001), en muestras comunitarias (p = 0,0002) y en orina (p < 0,0001). La resistencia a ciprofloxacina es alta y tiende al aumento en comunidad y en orina, superando el límite establecido para su uso a nivel ambulatorio, lo que es preocupante por la alta prescripción de fluoroquinolonas en la localidad.