bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Connecting the Numerical Scale Model With Assessing Attitudes and its Application to Hesitant Fuzzy Linguistic Multi-attribute Decision Making
Authors:   School of Mathematical Sciences, Anhui University, Hefei 230601, China, Wu Qun , Wang Yimeng ,   School of Mathematical Sciences, Anhui University, Hefei 230601, China, Wangzhu Yuhan ,   School of Mathematical Sciences, Anhui University, Hefei 230601, China
Published: November 2024

The aim of this paper is to provide a specific numerical scale model with the purpose of making transformations between linguistic terms and numerical values. The proposed method represents a wide range of existing numerical scale models and can quantitatively reflect the linguistic behaviors of DMs. The pessimistic-optimistic principle based supplementary regulation for hesitant fuzzy linguistic term set (HFLTS) may lead to the initial information distortion and losing. On the basis of the lowest common multiple principle in number theory, an improved supplementary regulation is proposed to reserve the fidelity of original information, the improved supplementary regulation brings a new conception for information measures of HFLTS as well. Then based on the traditional generalized distance and Hausdorff distance measures, some new distance measures for HFLTS are presented in the numerical scale framework. Furthermore, an extended TOPSIS method for hesitant fuzzy linguistic MADM is developed. Finally, a numerical example concerning the preference of movies is elaborated on the performance of our approach. Sensitive and comparative analysis are also provided and discussed to show the effectiveness and advantages of the proposed method
Agronomic Characteristics and Harvest Time as Determinants of Starch Production in Smallholder Sago Palm Plantations
Authors: Suswanto Iman , Maherawati Maherawati , Sunarti Sunarti
Published: November 2024

Smallholder sago plantations generally use simple technology, resulting in the determination of harvest time based solely on the physical appearance of plants. This study aims to identify the agronomic characteristics of sago that influence starch yield. The research was conducted on smallholder sago plantations, and samples of sago plants were collected at four harvest phases based on local customs: Dewasa, Jantung, Rusa, and Bunga. Observations on agronomic characteristics included the number of suckers, plant height, pith diameter, number of leaves, number of leaf scars, number of leaflets, leaflet length, and leaflet width. ANOVA and multiple comparisons were utilized to identify differences between treatments in starch yield. Regression analysis was employed to establish the relationship between starch yield and agronomic characteristics, while path analysis determined the direct/indirect effects of agronomic characteristics on starch yield. The results indicated that the optimal harvest time is during the Jantung and Rusa phases. The agronomic components that significantly influence sago starch yield are pith diameter and leaf scars. According to the coefficient of determination value, the production model can be expressed as Y = -63.26 + 2.44x1 (R2=37%). To enhance starch yield, it is crucial to improve plant spacing. When the plant spacing is too close, with a population density exceeding 200 clumps/ha, overlapping leaves occur, negatively impacting sago starch formation. This negative effect intensifies with an increase in the number of leaves and the size of leaflets in terms of length and width.
Keywords: sago plantations, agronomic characteristics, harvest time determination, starch yield, smallholder agriculture
Character traits change upon language switch in Croatian speakers of English
Authors: Schiavon Anna , Cergol Kristina
Published: November 2024

In this paper we tackle the feeling of a personality change users of more than one language reportedly experience when switching between their languages. We set to investigate if Croatian learners of English as a foreign language (EFL) experience a character trait change when switching between Croatian and English; which of the Big Five Inventory (BFI) personality dimensions change the most and which the least in Croatians using English, as well as whether there is a difference in this character trait change between different EFL proficiency groups. A total of 94 Croatian EFL speakers participated in the study. The sample was divided into a more proficient EFL speaker group (C1 level) and a less proficient EFL speaker group (B2 level). Each participant completed an EFL proficiency test and two sets of BFI questionnaires. One BFI set focused on the character traits the participants reported having while using Croatian; the second BFI set focused on the traits they reported having while using English. The results show that the participants experience a personality change when switching between their two languages and that different levels of language proficiency affect certain personality dimensions in EFL learners. In conclusion, we propose that the more proficient speakers may be bicultural and are experiencing cultural frame switching.
Philosophy in Dialogue with Other Sciences on the Example of Albert the Great and Thomas Aquinas
Authors: Gavrić Anto , Novina Marina
Published: November 2024

Separation of natural sciences from philosophy and the development of empirical sciences were long processes that led to mistrust and even opposition between philosophers and naturalists. This paper responds to the question how to re-establish dialogue between philosophy and other sciences. Authors propose a solution in the so-called model of the dialogically open philosophy of two famous philosophers and theologians Albert the Great and Thomas Aquinas. Albert and Aquinas lived in era of change and an era of meeting different cultures and opinions. In that time of diversity, they created a model of dialogue with all those who think differently. Moreover, as a solution to misunderstandings at any level of discussion, they offered a dialogically open philosophy that presupposes (1) faith in reason; (2) the primacy of truth; (3) acknowledgment of borders; (4) respect; (5) appreciation of history; (6) distinguishing reality from materiality and (7) distinguishing operational from essential. By insight into the characteristics of Albert's and Aquinas' model of dialogue we demonstrate that their approach to discussion may be adequate solution for the contemporary re-establishment of dialogue between philosophy and other sciences because it ensures the primacy of truth to all participants in the dialogue.
Self-Driving Vehicles, Autonomy and Justice
Authors: Bracanović Tomislav
Published: November 2024

Self-driving vehicles, as it is widely believed, will need to be equipped with so-called ethics settings, reducing the fatalities in unavoidable crash situations. These ethics settings, as it is also widely believed, should be mandatory and impartially distribute fatalities between vehicle passengers and pedestrians, preferring the side where more lives can be saved. This paper criticizes both of these beliefs, focusing on the tension mandatory ethics settings are about to generate between values of autonomy and justice. The central argument is that mandatory ethics settings, as long as they rely only on the number of lives to be saved or sacrificed, fail to respect one elementary principle of justice (»equals should be treated equally and unequals unequally«) by disregarding some significant differences between self-driving vehicle passengers and pedestrians. After rejecting a possible reply to this argument (that mandatory ethics settings could also rely on certain qualitative features of participants in unavoidable crash situations), it is concluded that no generally acceptable normative solution to the ethics settings problem is likely and that technological approaches to reducing fatalities in traffic with self-driving vehicles should be preferred.
Contemplation of the beauty of nature in the light of Christianity
Authors: Platovnjak Ivan
Published: November 2024

When we stand in front of a work of art, we perceive not only its physical presence, but also the beauty that emanates from it and the artist behind it, deepening our connection with both. Similarly, when we are immersed in nature, we appreciate its beauty. The question is whether we also encounter its »artist«. This paper explores the contemplation of the beauty of nature from a Christian perspective, proposing that through such contemplation Christians can deepen their relationship with God. After introducing the concept of beauty, the author examines biblical perspectives on the beauty of nature in the first chapter and explores patristic and medieval theological views in the second. The final chapter is concerned with the contemplation of the beauty of nature. In the conclusion, the author affirms the thesis and outlines essential considerations for engaging in this contemplation.
Očekivanja budućih glazbenih pedagoga u Hrvatskoj i Srbiji
Authors: Begić Amir , Šulentić Begić Jasna , Đurđanović Miomira
Published: November 2024

Studenti na studiju Glazbene pedagogije stječu znanja i vještine iz praktičnih glazbenih predmeta, glazbeno-teorijskih predmeta i pedagoških predmeta. Nakon završetka studija najčešće rade u glazbenim i općeobrazovnim školama te visokoškolskim ustanovama. Ovim radom željela su se doznati očekivanja i želje studenata Glazbene pedagogije osječke i novosadske akademije o pozivu koji ih očekuje nakon završetka studija. Također su se htjeli utvrditi njihovi stavovi o budućem radu i moguće statistički značajne razlike u njihovim stavovima s obzirom na sociodemografske varijable. Rezultati su pokazali da bi većina studenata najviše voljela podučavati u glazbenoj školi. Budući glazbeni pedagozi su iskazali visok stupanj slaganja s tvrdnjama o važnosti cjeloživotnog obrazovanja i značenju stručnih i pedagoških kompetencija koje stječu za vrijeme studija kao i s tvrdnjama o očekivanoj uspješnoj suradnji s učenicima, kolegama i roditeljima te očekivanom zadovoljstvu bavljenja budućim pedagoškim radom. Statistički značajne razlike nisu utvrđene s obzirom na postavljene istraživačke hipoteze tako da hipoteze nisu prihvaćene. Smatramo da je pozitivna činjenica da studenti Glazbene pedagogije s optimizmom gledaju na svoj budući pedagoški rad, što je putokaz visokoškolskim institucijama da i dalje vode računa o motivirajućem i kvalitetnom obrazovanju budućih glazbenih pedagoga.
Is it Worth the Hustle? A Multi-Country Replication of the Effort Moralization Effect and an Extension to Generational Differences in the Appreciation of Effort
Authors: Roth Leopold Helmut Otto , Tissot Tassilo
Published: November 2024

Inferring moral character of individuals is an adaptive need for social decision-making. The effort moralization effect describes the finding that people who exert more effort in a task are seen as more moral, even if higher effort does not enhance the outcome (e.g., higher performance or better quality). We replicated this effect, based on Celniker et al. (2023, Study 6), in countries not yet investigated (Germany and Mexico). Further, drawing on discussions around workforce participation (see ‘great resignation’ or ‘quiet quitting’) criticizing the lower work ethic of younger individuals (e.g., the so-called Gen Z), we tested whether (ineffective) effort is moralized less in younger individuals. Our findings support the generalizability of effort moralization to Germany and Mexico, yet point to heterogeneity in effect strength. However, our findings do not support the hypothesis that effort moralization increases with age. We discuss further implications and limitations of these findings and suggest avenues for future research on effort moralization.Keywords:
Hybrid Multi-Criteria Decision Framework for Prosumers Energy Storage Systems in Smart Grids
Authors: Muhammad Adnan  , Liaqat Marriam , Ahmad Mohaira , Sajid Iqbal Muhammad , Ahmad Faizan , Ud Din Sami
Published: November 2024

Modern power systems encompass multiple prosumers, smart grid technologies, and renewable energy resources (RERs). These prosumer-based smart grids are facing the reliability issues that can be mitigated through the adoption of competitive storage technologies. A range of competitive storage technologies have been developed by scientists. However, the systematic selection of best storage technologies is still one of the main challenging research issues in the current literature. To fill this literature gap, this paper proposes a multi-criteria decision framework for energy storage selection in prosumer-based networks. First, a decision-making hierarchy was developed based on the three main criteria including energy flow management for prosumers, technical features, and sustainability. Under these criteria, various sub-criteria were identified. Second, multi-criteria decision making (MCDM) problem was solved for two cases using Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) and Preference Ranking Organization Method for Enrichment of Evaluations (PROMETHEE) methods separately. Third, a hybrid AHP and PROMETHEE method was proposed for the selection of an efficient storage system for prosumers based smart grid. Finally, a comprehensive outlook has been provided for prosumer energy storage. The hybridization of AHP and PROMETHEE methods offered a more robust and unique solution to the storage selection problem as compared to existing literature.
Classification and Segmentation of COVID-19 from chest CT image using Deep Learning
Authors: Singh Prabhakar , Joshi Shashidhar R.
Published: November 2024

Deep Learning based classification and segmentation of medical imaging data, with special attention to the COVID-19 virus, is a desperately required application. The lives of millions of individuals are being impacted by this pandemic issue. The most frequent result that involves expert evaluation in COVID-19 computed tomography (CT) images of the lungs is ground glass turbidity. In light of this circumstance, some researchers suggest the appropriate deep learning models that, in the absence of trained diagnostic professionals in health centers, can serve as an alternative. Thus, the patient's CT images are categorize into three groups using the algorithm: COVID-19, CAP (Community Acquired Pneumonia), Normal, all with an assured high level of accuracy. The next step involves the use of two datasets for segmentation and classification. Using an image enhancement technique known as CLAHE (Contrast Limited Adaptive Histogram Equalization), noise and intensity uniformity were removed in this project. Normalization of the data and annotation reduce the constraint of a small dataset and expand the dataset size. ResNet50, VGG16 and Densenet169 architectures are used for transfer learning and yield the accuracy during classification are 95.94 %, 94.79 % and 97.00% respectively .Semantic segmentation and Instance Segmentation of medical images has been done where we got Dice value of 0.7348.
3D Face Reconstruction from Occluded Images
Authors: Rana Sudip
Published: November 2024

Current methods for reconstructing 3D faces from regular images have some problems. They struggle to create realistic animated faces because they don’t account for how wrinkles change with different expressions. They also have trouble working with images taken in real-world conditions as images are likely to be occluded and exposed to extreme condition. A new approach is implemented that can predict the shape of a face in 3D which has been blocked by different factor like hand, eye glass, mask etc. Context based learning knowledge distillation is used to transfer the knowledge from main DECA model to learner model. The learner model is also trained to handle different occlusion thus helping in constructing 3D faces. This is done from normal pictures without needing special 3D information and it works really well, producing accurate results. It achieves state-of-the-art shape reconstruction accuracy on NoW benchmarks.
Electricity Demand Creation in Residential Sectors of Nepal
Authors: Adhikari Shashwat , Jha Ajay Kumar
Published: November 2024

This research examines electricity demand in Nepal's residential sector, analyzing consumption patterns, demand-stimulation techniques, infrastructure challenges, affordability, and the consequences of rising demand. It emphasizes the need for sustainable growth through ongoing regulations, community involvement, and technology improvements. Nepal is transitioning to renewable energy but currently accounts for only 8.87% of total power use. The study uses the LEAP energy model to project electricity demand from 2021 to 2045 under various scenarios.
Implications of Net-zero Emission Strategy for Residential Sector of Bagmati Province
Authors: KC Subash , Prajapati Anita
Published: November 2024

With the growing concern of the rise in global temperatures, and in support of the Paris Climate Agreement, countries around the world have set national targets to cut down their emissions. The government of Nepal too has pledged to achieve net zero emissions by year 2045 and put into effect several plans and policies. These has their effect on the country’s energy demand and economy. Using Bagmati province of the country as study area, energy demand and scenario analysis is conducted using LEAP framework. One business-as-usual (BAU) and two net zero scenarios are analysed, with existing (NZE) and additional measures (NZA). The energy demand, emissions, social costs of the scenarios are studied. Significant emission reductions are estimated in NZE scenario. However, existing measures alone are not found to be sufficient to achieve the targets. In terms of social costs, considerable benefits are estimated in implementing these scenarios.
Impact of V2G integration on an urban feeder in Nepal: A case of Baneshwor feeder
Authors: Sah Rupesh Kumar , Karki Navaraj , Adhikari Yuvraj
Published: November 2024

The increasing number of electric vehicles increases strain on distribution system. Voltage, Power loss and reliability of the system deteriorates. During peak load charging of these vehicle, stability of the system will more degrade. This paper proposes V2G control scheme. A coordinated way of charging and discharging of EV. The vehicles are charging during off-peak hour when tariff rate is low and discharge during peak hour when tariff rate is high. The penetration of V2G increased system performance. The impact of Fast charging station is also considered. It is assumed that charging station operates whole day. A smart charging control is considered for V2G scheme. The charging station is placed using a novel reliability index approach called Electric Vehicle Placement Index (EVPI). Genetic Algorithm is used for optimal placement of CS. The thesis aims to decrease the peak load demand and increase the reliability of the system. The analysis is carried out in IEEE 33 bus radial system and then implemented on real-time Baneshwor feeder distribution system.
Impact of Task-based and Task-supported L2 Teaching on the Use of Connective Markers in Learners’ Written Performance
Authors: Róg Tomasz , Urbaniak Artur
Published: November 2024

The current study investigates the impact of two types of instruction on teaching connective markers in learners' written performance. 82 EFL learners were assigned to two experimental groups (EG1, N = 29 and EG2, N = 25) and one control group (CG, N = 28). The experimental groups were introduced to a set of connective markers in two sessions. EG1 followed a task-based approach, while EG2 experienced task-supported language teaching. CG took part in regular classes that were not intended to teach connective markers. The analysis of variance showed that instruction in both experimental groups positively impacted the number and quality of connective markers used in learners' for-and-against essays, with a slight but non-significant advantage of TBLT in the delayed post-test. The study is timely in that it addresses a still inconclusive line of research on L2 pragmatics instruction, investigates the thriving area of task-based teaching, and employs the most often-used type of essay on a nationwide secondary school-leaving examination.
Facilitating Learning of Generation Z Learners towards Effective Remote English Language Learning
Authors: Torres Rose Ann O. , Ortega-Dela Cruz Ruth A.
Published: November 2024

As remote English language learning has become widespread in the context of the global pandemic, it is essential to understand effective pedagogical practices specifically with the Generation Z population (born between 1997 and 2012) from economically less developed communities. Using a survey research design, the study identified the preferred remote teaching-learning modality and techniques among 75 Generation Z learners. An online survey was administered to randomly selected Junior High School students in the Philippines. The results revealed that synchronous learning was believed to be more helpful in enhancing the students’ English language learning, with techniques that encouraged them to speak and practice their grammar. Interactive group activities were mostly preferred by the learners to enhance their viewing, reading, listening, and writing skills. The study concludes with a discussion about teaching-learning techniques for teachers to successfully carry out a meaningful, enjoyable, and engaging learning experience toward effective remote English language learning.
Exploring Lexical Sophistication in Second Language: An Analysis of Vocabulary Using a Word-Rating Method
Authors: Abu-Rabiah Eihab
Published: November 2024

Previous research has established that determining lexical sophistication (i.e., the percentage of sophisticated words in a text) through the judgment of teachers on a corpus of words is a more accurate method than relying on word frequency-based lists. However, this approach can be time-consuming. To overcome this drawback, a new method is proposed in this study, which involves rating specific words out of context. A list of 68 words that appeared in approved high-school textbooks of teaching Hebrew to Arabic speakers was given to six experienced Hebrew teachers, who then categorized the words into four levels of lexical sophistication: (1) very basic words to (4) very advanced words. From this, a list of 28 words was created, with seven words from each level, and the lexical sophistication level was agreed upon by two-thirds of the teachers. Nineteen Arabic-speaking learners of Hebrew were asked to define the chosen words (passive vocabulary) and compose a sentence including each (controlled-active vocabulary) in a test-retest study at two time-points: the 11th and 12th grade. The results indicated that although there was no significant increase in lexical sophistication over time, significant differences emerged between the four levels of lexical sophistication, with students’ accuracy decreasing as the level of lexical sophistication increased. Additionally, only in the 11th grade was passive vocabulary found to be significantly larger than controlledactive vocabulary. However, as acquisition time increased, the gap between these two vocabulary types narrowed, due to improved performance in the controlled-active task. Furthermore, a significant correlation was found between passive and controlled-active vocabulary, which became stronger with more acquisition time.
The Role of Phonesthemes in EFL Learners’ Word Acquisition
Authors: Zhao Haotong
Published: November 2024

Phonesthesia is one of the counterexamples of the arbitrariness of human languages. Although an individual word still appears arbitrary, a group of words bearing the same sound pattern might share similar meaning. This study investigated phonesthesia as a route to improving word acquisition. First, by comparing the guessing accuracy of phonesthemic versus prosaic words, we found phonesthemic words were significantly guessed better, suggesting EFL learners’ sensitivity to English phonesthemes prior to explicit instruction. Phonesthemes provide hints for learners trying to ascertain the meaning of an unknown word. However, according to the participants’ self-report, such sensitivity seems to lie somewhere in between pure clang association and genuine phonesthemic association. In another experiment, we examined the effect of phonesthemic knowledge, induced by explicit instruction, on the retention of phonesthemic words. The experimental group was taught 12 English phonesthemes while the control group wasn’t. It was revealed that learners equipped with phonesthemic knowledge could retain phonesthemic words significantly better over an interval. We argue this is due to an extension of the lexical network in learners’ minds. The second experiment further verified the facilitative role of phonesthemes in word retention. It is recommended that EFL teachers raise learners’ attention to phonesthesia, which may potentially assist in word learning.
Addendum to Centering Accessibility: A Review of Institutional Repository Policy and Practice
Authors: Anderson Talea , Leachman Chelsea
Published: November 2024

This addendum corrects Figure 4, which was initially published as a duplicate of Figure 3, and updates a mislabeled reference to Figure 8 that should refer to Figure 5. It also adds an appendix with the survey questions referenced in the article.
Role of Electronic Communication in Service Delivery at the University of Rwanda, Gikondo Campus
Authors: Janvier Rudasingwa , Mukamazimpaka Marie Claire
Published: November 2024

Purpose: This study, titled "The Role of Electronic Communication in Service Delivery at the University of Rwanda – Gikondo Campus," aimed to explore the role of electronic communication in delivering university services at Gikondo Campus. The study focused on three objectives: identifying types of electronic communication used, examining its impact on service delivery, and determining the relationship between electronic communication and service delivery. Methods: A descriptive research design with a mixed-method approach was employed. Data were collected from 170 staff members using a structured questionnaire, with a census method applied. The findings were analysed using descriptive statistics through the Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS) version 26.0. Inferential statistics were used to assess the relationship between variables. Findings: Results showed that electronic communication significantly impacts service delivery. On the types of electronic communication used, the mean score was 4.27, indicating strong use of communication tools. The impact of electronic communication on service delivery had a mean of 4.484, suggesting a significant effect. The relationship between electronic communication and service delivery was found to be strong (.942**), with regression analysis showing statistical significance (F=1009.924, p-value=0.000). Conclusions: The study concluded that electronic communication plays a significant role in service delivery at the University of Rwanda, Gikondo Campus. A strong relationship was identified between electronic communication and service effectiveness. Recommendations include conducting regular surveys to gather feedback from staff and service beneficiaries to enhance service delivery.
Psychological characteristics of the main categories of severely wounded combatants
Authors: Petrechenko Svitlana
Published: November 2024

The article analyzes the psychological characteristics of the main categories of severely wounded combatants who have suffered severe injuries in combat. It is determined that injuries are divided into mild and severe. The purpose of the article is to analyze the psychological characteristics of the main categories of severely wounded combatants and to identify the factors that affect their psychological state and the rehabilitation process. The study is aimed at identifying the problems faced by wounded combatants, since the injuries they receive lead not only to physical but also to profound psychological consequences. The study shows that severe injuries of various kinds have a significant impact on the functioning of the nervous system and psyche of combatants. The study focuses on different types of physical injuries (amputations, traumatic brain injuries, spinal cord injuries) and their impact on mental health. Amputations of limbs lead to a violation of the integrity of the body, which significantly affects self-esteem, self-image, and adaptation to life with a disability. In addition to physical limitations, these individuals experience phantom pains, depressive disorders, anxiety, and post-traumatic stress reactions. The results of the study show that severe injuries lead not only to physical limitations, but also to profound psychological consequences, such as post-traumatic stress disorder, depression, anxiety, aggressiveness, emotional instability and social isolation. These factors significantly complicate their integration into society after returning from war. The article proposes various methods of psychological support that can help improve the psycho-emotional state and overall quality of life of severely wounded. The article emphasizes the importance of further study of this topic for the development of new methods of support and adaptation of combatants in civilian life. The study of the psychological consequences of severe trauma requires a comprehensive approach.
Dynamics of military mental health in war time
Authors: Savychenko Olha , Horbachova Olha , Shunevych Yevgeniy
Published: November 2024

The article analyzes the peculiarities of military mental health during the full-scale war in Ukraine under the conditions of prolonged exposure to stress factors. A set of methods MHC-SF, PSS-10, РНQ-9, GAD-7, AIS, BRCS, PTGI was used for empirical research. The study covered 246 people (military who participated in hostilities in 2022-24).
In general, military mental health improves in 2022, at the beginning of 2023 and in 2024 and a decrease at the end of 2023. The improvement of military mental health is associated with an increase in life satisfaction, a high interest in life, confidence in the ability to make an important contribution to the life of society, social integration and a sense of belonging to a social group, satisfaction with oneself as a person, the presence of a purpose and sense in life, confidence in expressing own views. Mental health is reduced by mistrust of society, inability to cope with daily responsibilities, conflicting experiences, loss of warm and trusting relationships with others.
Perceived stress and sleep disorders decrease from 2022 to early 2023, increase in late 2023 and fall in 2024. Depression and anxiety increase in 2022-23 and decrease in 2024. Signs of perceived stress intensify by the inability to make up for losses, loss of control, feelings of ineffectiveness, nervousness, stress, anger, problems in personal life. Sleep disorders are represented by separate symptoms, including difficulty falling asleep and awakenings during the night. Anxiety is most often manifested by excessive worry, irritability, and an inability to relax. Depression is manifested by feelings of fatigue and decreased energy. Overcoming these difficulties at various stages is possible thanks to readiness for accidents, ability to overcome personal problems, self-regulation, self-control and confidence in the right path.
Military post-traumatic growth in general is gradually increasing and is associated with awareness of the value of life, personal strength and new opportunities. Post-traumatic growth is inhibited by the loss of intimacy with others and the bad attitude towards others, unwillingness to make an effort.
Periods of decline in military mental health occur during periods of military failure, loss of public support, and lack of foreign military aid. We note the strengthening of military mental health during the periods of fellow citizens and international partners intensive support, positive changes in the organization of military life and successes at the battlefield.
Beyond Technical Skills: Academic Language Proficiency and Perceived Difficulty in Technical and Vocational Institute
Authors: Shewangizaw Gashaw
Published: November 2024

Effective communication skills are important for vocational trainees' academic and career success. However, limited research has examined language learning difficulties specific to Ethiopian technical contexts. This study explored self-perceived English language difficulties among trainees in building construction, road construction, water construction, surveying, architectural design, wood science technology programs at the Federal Technical and Vocational Training Institute. It aimed to identify difficult language skills and determine relationships between perceived difficulties and demographic factors. A sample of 138 trainees from Civil Technology Faculty of a TVT Institute was selected through stratified random sampling. Data were collected using a questionnaire measuring perceived difficulty of reading, writing, listening and speaking skills. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 10 purposively selected trainees. Descriptive statistics, thematic analysis and constant comparison were employed for quantitative and qualitative analyses. Quantitative findings showed academic writing skills perceived as most difficult, particularly understanding conventions. Academic listening skills like note-taking and summarizing also posed challenges. Interviews revealed unfamiliarity with genres and lack of background knowledge exacerbated difficulties. Perceptions differed by trainees' program, gender and English proficiency. Thematic analysis identified factors like anxiety, experience, and self-efficacy as influencing perceptions. The study provided a comprehensive understanding of TVT Institute trainees' academic language needs in Ethiopia. Targeted support is recommended to scaffold challenging skills based on identified individual differences and modifiable difficulties. Mainstreaming language development across the curriculum optimizes trainees' preparedness for technical careers and lifelong learning. This mixed methods exploration of language difficulty perceptions contributes to knowledge on dimensions shaping TVT Institute students' experiences. Findings inform tailored instruction and program improvements to better equip diverse learners for workplace competencies.
Theoretical perspectives of integrating technology into English language learning
Authors: Mali Yustinus Calvin Gai
Published: November 2024

Three issues of technology integration into English language learning are present: inquiries on what and how technology is used to support language learning, ignorance of theoretical foundations and technology standards as a basis to design technology-supported language tasks and instructions, and English language teachers’ attitudes that put technology far ahead of language learning. In response to these issues, this theoretical paper aims to discuss resources where teachers can find reliable technology to support their language teaching practices. It continues to explain language learning and task engagement principles and technology standards as a basis for designing language tasks and instructions. The author supports the discussions with relevant literature and instances of some technology-supported language tasks. The paper then proposes a professional learning community meeting where the teachers can learn collaboratively with their colleagues in a supportive learning environment on how to use various tech applications. The paper concludes that teachers with principled ways of using technology should perform better in supporting students’ learning with technology than those who design a technology-based task and instruction mainly based on their personal (and biased) experiences on what worked well with technology.
The Relationship Between Self-Efficacy and Reflective Practices of Pre-service English Teacher in Indonesian EFL Context
Authors: Harahap Mukhni Rahma Wati , Fithriani Rahmah
Published: November 2024

Reflective practice has become an issue that has been widely researched, but very few have linked it to pre-service teacher self-efficacy, especially in the Indonesian context. Despite the Ministry of Education’s advocacy for reflective practices as an expected competency, Indonesian teachers have relatively low awareness of the concept and even fewer truly implement the practice. This study is intended to investigate the relationship between EFL pre-service English teachers’ self-efficacy and reflective practices. The quantitative method was chosen since the researchers intended to find out whether there is a significant relationship between pre-service teachers’ self-efficacy and reflective practices with computed by SPSS 23. There are 15 pre-service English teachers of UINSU as the sample and there are 8 items in this study. Researchers used 5 point Likert scale. Simple random sampling was technique to gain the data. The result of data analysis reflected that the null hypothesis (Ho) is rejected. It means that the teachers’ self-efficacy and reflective practices has significant relationship that marked on sig. value is 0.01 is below than 0.05 with level of relationship moderate (0.884). This research contributes to increasing practioners’ awareness of reflective practices and has a significant effect on pre-service English teachers to understand the role of self-efficacy and reflective practice better before teaching English as a Foreign Language (EFL) to their students. The results support that reflective practice can make pre-service English teachers achieve and maintain their professionality English teachers in their career.
Bridging Cultures Through Language: Developing English-Speaking Materials for Multicultural Education Contexts
Authors: Hidayah Hidayah , Sahraini Sahraini , Jufriadi Jufriadi
Published: November 2024

Indonesia's rich multicultural diversity often presents challenges such as prejudice and violence, emphasizing the need for effective multicultural education to foster unity among teenagers. This study uniquely addresses this gap by developing multicultural-based English teaching materials aimed at enhancing students' vocabulary, cultural understanding, and speaking skills. Conducted at SMAN 9 Luwu with 30 eleventh-grade students and experienced teachers, the research employed the ADDIE model (Analysis, Design, Development, Implementation, and Evaluation). The analysis phase highlighted a significant need for multicultural education materials, specifically to improve speaking skills. During the design and development phases, the materials were carefully crafted to incorporate multicultural themes and improve language proficiency. In the implementation phase, the materials were tested in a classroom setting, and data were collected through observations, questionnaires, and assessments. The results demonstrated substantial improvements in students' speaking abilities, with expert evaluations confirming the effectiveness and cultural relevance of the materials. The evaluation phase provided both formative and summative assessments, revealing that students not only enhanced their language skills but also developed a greater appreciation for cultural diversity. This research highlights the importance of integrating multicultural perspectives into educational resources, enhancing language proficiency and cultural competence. The findings support broader adoption of multicultural education strategies to promote equity and excellence.
Cross-Cultural Echoes: Exploring Cultural Nuance through Student Translation Practices
Authors: Roza Veni , Melani Melyann , Zulfahmi Muhammad Riko Yohansyah
Published: November 2024

While numerous studies have explored the methodologies of professional translators, less attention has been paid to how translation students, particularly those new to the field, navigate the complexities of translating cultural texts. This study addresses a significant gap in translation pedagogy, focusing on how advanced translation students navigate the complexities of cultural text translation, an area often overlooked compared to studies on professional translators. Employing a qualitative research design, the study analyzed the translation strategies of five advanced students tasked with translating culturally rich texts from Indonesian to English. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews and analyses of their translations. The findings reveal that 45% of the students’ strategies involved foreignization, which preserved cultural elements of the source text, while 30% used adaptation to recontextualize culturally embedded ideas for English-speaking audiences. Domestication was employed in 15% of cases to make the text more accessible, and explicit cultural explanations were used in 10% of the translations to elaborate on concepts with no direct equivalents. These results underscore the students’ conscious balancing of cultural preservation with the need for clarity. The study highlights the need to incorporate cultural competence into translation education, focusing on teaching methods that help students handle cultural nuances effectively. These findings offer valuable quantitative and qualitative insights that can inform the creation of culturally sensitive translation programs and enhance intercultural communication.
Gender-Based Differences in EFL Writing: Linguistic Features in Indonesian High School Students’ Narratives
Authors: Miftahur Ridha  , T. Silvana Sinar T. Silvana , Zein T. Thyrhaya
Published: November 2024

This study uniquely investigates gender-based differences in the linguistic features of narrative texts within the under-researched context of Indonesian high school students learning English as a Foreign Language (EFL). Focusing specifically on narrative writing, this research provides novel insights into how gender influences written expression. Using a qualitative content analysis approach, narrative texts were collected from 20 students (10 male and 10 female) enrolled in a tutoring and English course institution in Indonesia. The texts were analyzed to identify lexicogrammatical features, as outlined by Knapp (2005), with particular attention to the use of action and mental verbs. The findings revealed that male students predominantly used action verbs to describe challenging activities and responsibility, such as "fought against big waves," highlighting assertiveness and leadership traits. In contrast, female students employed more mental verbs, such as "felt happy and proud," emphasizing emotions and personal experiences, which reflected a more introspective and relational writing style. These findings highlight the alignment of gender-based differences with social norms and cultural expectations. The study suggests that using gender-sensitive methodologies in EFL teaching enhances inclusivity by addressing students’ diverse communication needs. This research makes a valuable contribution by proposing practical, gender-responsive strategies for language education.
The Reciprocal Teaching and Reading Interest Impact on Students’ Reading Comprehension
Authors: Wahyudi Ridwan , Rozimela Yenni
Published: November 2024

This study uniquely explores the combined impact of reciprocal teaching and reading interest on reading comprehension, an intersection rarely examined. This study investigates the effectiveness of the reciprocal teaching method and students’ reading interest on reading comprehension in an Integrated Islamic School. A quasi-experimental design was employed, involving 56 students divided into an experimental group (n = 29) and a control group (n = 27). The experimental group received reciprocal teaching, while the control group followed conventional methods. Reading comprehension was assessed using a standardized reading test, and reading interest was measured through a questionnaire. The data were analyzed using t-tests and correlation analysis. The findings revealed that the experimental group performed significantly better than the control group, achieving an average reading comprehension score of 91.92, while the control group scored 77.99. This difference was statistically significant, demonstrating a strong impact of reciprocal teaching on students' comprehension abilities (p < 0.001). Moreover, students with high reading interest in the experimental group demonstrated superior comprehension, with a mean score of 94.31, compared to 91.41 in the control group. The results demonstrate the effectiveness of reciprocal teaching in boosting reading comprehension, especially for students with a strong interest in reading. The study suggests that reciprocal teaching is a valuable method for enhancing reading engagement and comprehension, offering useful insights for educators and policymakers focused on improving literacy outcomes.
Development of method to calculate the distribution of the magnetic field, currents and losses in transposed bars of armature winding
Authors: Kadi-Ogly E. F. , Korovkin N. V. , Ilin I. V.
Published: November 2024

This paper describes a method to calculate the distribution of the magnetic field, currents and losses in the slot parts of electrical machines armature winding bars. The method is based on finite-element-analysis modelling of the AC magnetic field in 2D formulation with an associated electrical circuit using the ELCUT software suite. The method assumes ideal transposition of the strands along the length of the slot portion of the bar, and considers the features of the machine slot geometry and arrangement of the winding in the armature slots. The electrical circuit simulates the connection of the strands in the armature winding considering their positions along the bar length. A comparative analysis of the results obtained from the dedicated numerical studies allowed to evaluate the impact on the calculation results from different conditions such as the position of transposed strands along the length of the machine and the need to consider the presence of the simulated rotor. The analysis was carried out by comparing the power performances, i.e. the ohmic and stray losses and their ratio. This method could be recommended for calculating of the losses of transposed AC windings in the design and analysis of electrical machines.
Tumor-associated senescent macrophages, their markers and their role in the tumor microenvironment (review)
Authors: Pukhalskaia T. V. , Yrakova T. R. , Bogdanova D. А. , Demidov О. N.
Published: November 2024

Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) are an important component of the tumor microenvironment (TME) and the most abundant population of immune cells infiltrating a tumor. TAMs can largely determine the direction of the anti-tumor immune response. TAMs can promote it or, conversely, contribute to the formation of an immunosuppressive TME that allows tumors to evade immune control. Through interactions with tumor cells or other cells in the microenvironment, and as a result of the action of anti-cancer therapy, macrophages can enter senescence. In this review, we have attempted to summarize the information available in the literature on the role of senescent macrophages in tumors. With the recent development of senolytic therapeutic strategies aimed at removing senescent cells from the organism. It seems important to discuss the functions of senescent macrophages and the potential role of senolytic drugs in reprogramming TAMs to enhance the anti-tumor immune response and improve the efficacy of cancer treatment.