bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Epidermal Microbiome Within An Aggregation of Leopard Sharks (Triakis Semifasciata) Has Taxonomic Flexibility With Gene Functional Stability Across Three Time-Points
Authors: Doane Michael , Johnson Colton , Johri Shaili , Kerr Emma N. , Morris Megan M. , Desantiago Ric , Turnlund Abigail C. , Goodman Asha , Mora Maria , Lima Laís Farias Oliveira , Nosal Andrew P. , Dinsdale Elizabeth A.
Published: November 2021

Background: The epidermis of Chondrichthyan fishes consists of dermal denticles with production of minimal but protein rich mucus that influence the attachment and biofilm development of microbes, facilitating a unique epidermal microbiome. Here, we use metagenomics to provide the taxonomic and functional characterization of the epidermal microbiome of the Triakis semifasciata (leopard shark) across three time-points to identify links between microbial groups and host metabolism. Our aims include 1) describing the variation of microbiome taxa over time and identify those members which are recurrent (present across all time-points, 2) investigating the relationship between the recurrent and flexible taxa (those which are not found consistently across time-points, 3) describing the functional compositions of the microbiome which may suggest links with the host metabolism; and 4) identifying whether the metabolisms are share across microbial genera or found in specific taxa. Results: Microbial members of the microbiome showed high similarity between all individuals (average similarity: 82.74) with relative abundance of those members varying across years, suggesting flexibility of taxa in the microbiome. One hundred and eighty-eight genera were identified as recurrent, including Pseudomonas, Erythrobacter, Alcanivorax, Marinobacter and Sphingopxis being consistently abundance across time-points, while Limnobacter and Xyella exhibited switching patterns with high relative abundance in 2013, Sphingobium and Sphingomona in 2015, and Altermonas, Leeuwenhoekiella, Gramella and Maribacter in 2017. Of the 188 genera identified as recurrent, the top 19 relative abundant genera forming three recurrent groups. The microbiome also displayed high functional similarity between individuals (average similarity: 97.65) with gene function composition being consistent across time-points. Conclusion: These results show that while presence of microbial genera exhibit consistency across time-points, their abundances do fluctuate. Functions however remain stable across time points; thus, we suggest the leopard shark microbiomes exhibit functional redundancy. We hypothesize this may be the result of the host’s epidermal attributes structuring the microbiome. In addition, we show the co-existence of many microbial genera that carry genes which may enable the microbes to use the nutrients provided by the elasmobranch’s metabolism.
Climate Change Impact On Flood Runoff Over Lake Baikal Catchment
Authors: Grigorev Vadim Yurevich , Kharlamov Maxim A. , Semenova Natalia K. , Chalov Sergey R. , Sazonov Alexey A.
Published: November 2021

Water level and distribution of dissolved and suspended matter of Lake Baikal are strongly affected by river inflow during rain-driven floods. This study analyses river flow changes at 44 streamflow gauges and related precipitation, evaporation, potential evaporation and soil moisture obtained from ERA5-Land dataset. Based on Sen-Slope trend estimator, Mann–Kendall non-parametric test, and using dominant analyses we estimated influence of meteorological parameters on river flow during 1979-2019. Using ridge-regression we found significant relationships between precipitation elasticity of river flow and catchments features. Half of the gauges in eastern part of Selenga river basin showed a significant decreasing trend of average and maximum river flow (up to -2.9%/year). No changes in central volume date of flood flow have been found. A reduction in rainfall amounts explains more than 60% of runoff decline. Decrease in evaporation is observed where precipitation decrease is 0.8%/y or more. Catchments where the precipitation trends are not as substantial are associated with increasing evaporation as a result of the increase of potential evaporation. Negative trends of precipitation are accompanied by negative trends of soil moisture. Finally, the study reveals sensitivity of the catchments with steep slopes in humid area to precipitation change.
Set-Valued Risk Statistics With The Time Value of Money
Authors: Sun Fei , Fan Xiaozhi , Liu Weitao
Published: November 2021

The time value of money is a critical factor not only in risk analysis, but also in insurance and financial applications. In this paper, we consider a special class of set-valued risk statistics from the perspective of time value of money. This new risk statistic can be uesd for the quantification of portfolio risk. By further developing the properties related to these risk statistics, we are able to derive representation results for such risk.
Assessment and Appliction of Whole-Herd-Sampling, qPCR-Based-Testing, and Precision-Removal Method in Eliminating ASFv in Four Large Swine Herds in China
Authors: Li Xiaowen , Wu Weisheng , Li Peng , Li Junxian , Gao Wenchao , Yu Jincheng , Fan Mingyu , Kang Lixiang , Wang Yunzhou , Yuan Guiqiang , Ren Jing , Yan Zhong , Zhu Liqiang , Li Jintao , Zhang Xiaoyang , Shao Zhenwen , Liu Qingyuan , Zheng Weiwei , Yu Qiannan , Fan Shiran , Huang Yakuan , Chen Jing , Deen John , Yan Zhichun
Published: November 2021

Since the first report of ASFV in China in 2018, conventional whole herd depopulation method to control ASF has proved unwieldly because of high production intensity and complex trade network. To provide an alternative to conventional methods, we evaluated the feasibility of implementating an extensive sampling method and qPCR tests to determine the status of ASFV in herds, with a rapid response to identified outbreaks. By assessing and applying these methods without whole herd depopulation, we successfully controlled ASF and eliminated the virus from 4 large swine herds. The time to negative herd was 19, 28, 14, and 1 days in farms 1-4 respectively. Retention rates of pigs of farm 1 to farm 4 was 69.7%, 65%, 99.4% and 99.72% respectively. We anticipated that this innovative method would replace the conventional stamping out one and greatly facilitate the control and eradication of ASFV in China and worldwide.
Spatial Spillover Effect and Action Path of Electricity Consumption Driven by China’s Financial Development based on Global Co-integration
Authors: Xu Jianjun , Ma Xuejiao , Xu Xiaoqing
Published: November 2021

Although studies on the influencing factors of electricity consumption are rich, the focus on the relationship between financial development and electricity consumption is scarce due to the characteristics of financial sector. In fact, the financial development cannot only increase electricity consumption, but also have the spatial spillover effects. Based on the global spatial modelling techniques, the long-term and short-term relationship between financial development and electricity consumption is examined, and the intermediary effect of financial development on electricity consumption through economic growth, urbanization and industrial structure optimization is also verified. Results show that there is a global co-integration relationship between financial development, economic growth, urbanization, industrial structure optimization and China's electricity consumption, rather than a local co-integration relationship. When the short-term change of electricity consumption deviates from the equilibrium state, the global error correction mechanism can promote the unbalanced system to return to equilibrium from time and spatial dimension. This study not only confirms the spatial spillover effects, but also heterogeneous influences of financial development on electricity consumption, which provides new evidence to make relevant policies.
Design and Experimental Study of the Rolling Enhanced Acoustic System for Gear Tooth Surface
Authors: Jiang Yan , Zhao Bo
Published: November 2021

Parameters of gear flanks, such as roughness, hardness, and residual stress, impact their working performance. Therefore, it is essential to optimize these parameters for increasing gears’ life. Thus, this study combined the meshing theory and the ultrasonic surface rolling technology, and presented an innovative design to realize ultrasonic burnishing. First，the dimensions of the ultrasonic burnishing device with two nodes integrated with a gear at the bottom were calculated using frequency equations by a numerical method. Second the correctness of the calculating results was verified by simulations and experiments. Third, the influence of the ratio between the width and diameter of the gear on the acoustic system was studied. Finally, experimental platform of the rolling enhanced acoustic system for gear tooth surface is built successfully. A series of experiments were conducted, and the results showed that the roughness decreased and the hardness and the residual stress improved. Therefore, this design provided a new theory and technology to machine complicated surfaces such as gear flanks.
Physiochemical effect on the microgroove microstructure in microcutting of pure copper
Authors: Zhang Jiayi
Published: November 2021

The physiochemical effect on the microcutting of pure copper is studied through characterization on the cross-sectioned microgroove. An obvious reduction in cutting force and thrust force can be obtained with the application of ink surfactant. The surface roughness of microgroove with physiochemical effect is 12 nm, and that without physiochemical effect is 17 nm. The average grain size of the ink-affected sample is 67.9 µm within the microgroove zone, and that of the ink-free sample is 48.3 µm within the microgroove zone, moreover, the grain size of ink-free microgroove near the microgroove surface is larger than that far away from the microgroove surface. Additionally, the grain orientations of ink-affected cross-sectioned surface present anisotropy, while that of ink-free cross-sectioned surface are towards {101} direction. Based on the calculation and analysis of geometrically necessary dislocation, it can be inferred that the induced stress and temperature in the sample with physiochemical effect are higher than that without physiochemical effect, which can provide enough driving energy for recrystallization.
PPP2R5D Promotes Hepatitis C Virus Infection Through Binding to NS5B Protein
Authors: Anwar Muhammad Ikram , Li Ni , Zhou Qing , Chen Mingxiao , Hu Chengguang , Wu Tao , Chen Haihang , Li Yi-Ping , Zhou Yuanping
Published: November 2021

Background: Hepatitis C virus (HCV) is an important human pathogen causing chronic hepatitis C, end-stage liver diseases, and hepatocellular carcinoma. The development of infectious HCV cell culture systems primarily relied on the replication enhancement effect of adaptive mutations. Although the mode of action may vary, those adaptive mutations could direct the study of virus-host interactions required for efficient virus infection. We previously identified a substitution D559G in NS5B (RNA dependent RNA polymerase) critical for the replication of HCV genomes. In this study, we set out to study whether D559G-NS5B specifically interacted with some host factors crucial for HCV infection.Methods: Through mass spectrometry analysis of immunoprecipitation mixture of ectopically expressed wild-type and D559G-mutated NS5B, we identified candidate factors showing potential interactions with NS5B and D559G-NS5B. The requirement of selected host factor in HCV infection in vitro was demonstrated by gene knockout, overexpression, virus infection, and co-immunoprecipitation approaches.Results: From the results of immunoprecipitation and mass spectrometry analysis, we selected protein phosphatase 2 regulatory subunit B’delta (PPP2R5D) for further characterization. Co-immunoprecipitation confirmed that both wild-type and D559G NS5B proteins interacted with PPP2R5D, but the interaction between D559G-NS5B and PPP2R5D was more efficient. Silencing of PPP2R5D decreased HCV infection, and knockout of PPP2R5D nearly eliminated HCV infection in Huh7.5 cells. Transient and stably overexpression of PPP2R5D in PPP2R5D-knockout cells restored HCV infection to a level close to that seen for wild-type Huh7.5 cells. Conclusions: PPP2R5D is required for HCV infection in cultured hepatoma cells, and PPP2R5D may function through binding to HCV NS5B. The underlying mechanism of PPP2R5D in the complete HCV life cycle requires further investigation.
Antimicrobial Effect of Geophila Obvallata (Schumach) Didr. Leaf Extracts Against Some Medically Important Bacteria and Fungi
Authors: Iserhienrhien Lucky Osafanme , Paulinus Okolie Ngozi , Mudiaga Etaware Peter
Published: November 2021

Background: The increase in synthetic drug resistance by pathogenic microbes has led to the development of plant-based antimicrobial drugs that are more reliable and non-lethal to human health at increased dosage. Methods: The antibacterial and antifungal potential of Geophila obvallata extracts were tested on clinical isolates (Staphylococcus aureus, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli, Bacillus subtilis, Streptococcus pyogenes, Cryptococcus neoformans, Candida albicans and Aspergillus fumigatus) using standard techniques. Results: The zones of inhibition were shown to increase with increasing concentrations of the extracts. Inhibition was higher in Gram positive bacteria (9.10 to 31.00mm in 40mg/mL concentration) than Gram negative bacteria (3.50 to 27.00mm in 40mg/mL concentration), while the fungal isolates had the least zones of inhibition (2.83 to 25.00mm in 40mg/ml concentration). The minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC) were lowest in the methanol extract than aqueous extract. Simillarly, MIC for bacteria (Bacillus subtilis) and fungi (Aspergillus fumigatus) were 0.3 and 2.0mg/mL respectively. Methanol extract had higher antibacterial and antifungal effect than aqueous extract. Ciprofloxacin, used as control for bacteria had the highest inhibitory activity (33.67mm) when compared to that of the highest concentration of plant extracts administered. Also, ketoconazole gave the highest zones of inhibition (32.33mm) on the fungi isolates compared to those of the extracts. The performance of the methanol extract of 40mg/mL of Geophila obvallata in the inhibition of Bacillus subtilis was not significantly different from that of Ciprofloxacin. Conclusion: The findings in this study therefore validate the antimicrobial effect of Geophila obvallata leaf extracts as well as its possible application in medicine.
Operation Field Contamination During Intraoperative Fluoroscopy
Authors: Li Xiaodong , Yang Fei , Tang Jian , Dai Jingjing , Wang Xiaoqing
Published: November 2021

Background: intraoperative C-arm fluoroscopy is commonly performed during traumatic orthopedic surgeries. The C-arm sterile drape is often used in cases of contamination of the operative field following postoperative infection. The aim of the present study was to investigate operation field contamination during traumatic orthopedic surgeries and evaluate the factors, especially intraoperative fluoroscopy, which affect operation field contamination. Methods: sterile 5% sheep blood Columbia agar plates were used to simulate the operation field. The C-arm was moved over the operation field in different grade clean operating rooms, simulating intraoperative fluoroscopy. The agar plates were then incubated and assessed for bacterial colony growth. Results: our results showed significant differences between the 3rd grade clean operating room and the 2nd or 1st grade clean operating rooms in the risk of operation field contamination. Nevertheless, there were no significant differences in the operation field contamination between the C-arm drape group and the control group. Conclusions: we conclude that C-arm equipment can be used without the drape during orthopedic surgeries to avoid contact with the operation field.
Superoxide-imbalance pharmacologically induced by Rotenone triggers behavioral, neural, and inflammatory alterations in the Eisenia fetida earthworm
Authors: Mastella Moisés Henrique , Roggia Isabel , Turra Bárbara Osmarin , Teixeira Cibele Ferreira , Assmann Charles Elias , de Morais-Pinto Luciano , Vidal Taís , Melazzo Cinthia , Jung Ivo Emílio da Cruz , Barbisan Fernanda , Cruz Ivana Beatrice Mânica da
Published: November 2021

Background: The inflammatory theory of depression has been tested from epidemiological and experimental investigations. Some studies have suggested that mitochondrial dysfunction superoxide imbalance could increase the susceptibility to chronic stressful events, contributing to the establishment of chronic inflammation and the development of mood disorders. If this premise is true, mitochondrial superoxide imbalance induced by some molecules, such as Rotenone could be evolutionary conservated causing behavioral, immune, and neurological alterations in animals with the primitive central nervous system. Objective: To test this hypothesis, we analyzed some behavioral, immune, and histological markers in Eisenia fetida earthworms chronically exposed to Rotenone, that causes mitochondrial impairment for 14 days. Methods: earthworms were put in an artificial soil containing 30 nM of Rotenone distributed into a plastic cup that allowed the earthworms to leave and return freely into the ground. Since these organisms prefer to be buried in the ground, the model predicted that the earthworm would necessarily have to return to the Rotenone-contaminated medium creating a stressful condition. The effect on survival behavior, in the immune and histological body wall and ventral nervous ganglia (VNG) structures were evaluated, as well gene expression related to inflammation, mitochondrial and neuromuscular changes. Results: Rotenone-induced loss of earthworm escape behavior triggered by boric acid presence; it caused immune alterations indicatives of chronic inflammatory states. Some histological changes in the body wall and VNG indicated a possible earthworm reaction aimed at protection against Rotenone. Overexpression of the nicotinic acetylcholine receptor gene (nAChRs α5) in neural tissues could also help earthworms to reduce the degenerative impact of Rotenone on dopaminergic neurons. Conclusion: The data suggest that mitochondrial dysfunction could be an evolutionarily conserved element in inducing inflammatory and behavioral changes related to exposure to chronic stress.
Evaluation of General Practitioners' awareness of hearing screening in the elderly
Authors: Ge Jianli , Geng Shasha , Li Qingqing , Jiang Hua , Sun Xiaoming
Published: November 2021

Objectives

The aim of this study is to assess the awareness of community general practitioners on hearing screening for the elderly.
Methods

From January to February 2019, 367 general practitioners from 12 community health service centers, distributed in urban and suburban areas of Pudong District, Shanghai, were investigated with self-designed questionnaires.
Results

The general practitioners had poor understandings of the definition and onset of presbycusis. The accuracy of answers regarding the high-risk factors of presbycusis was zero. The top-three common hearing screening methods selected by general practitioners were screening version of the Hearing Handicap Inventory for the Elderly (HHIE-s) (94.55%), self-auditory assessment (83.65%), and pure-tone audiometry (77.66%). As for the attitudinal evaluation of hearing screening, 49.59% of the participants thought it was highly meaningful, 48.77% thought that early intervention would have clinical benefits. However, 52.59% of the participants believed it was necessary for specialists to complete the auditory screening in the community, and 13.62% thought hearing screening was impracticable in community.
Conclusion

Our questionnaire suggested that general practitioners were aware of the knowledge of hearing screening and agreed with its significance. But further training is highly demanded to promote the professional skills for general practitioners in community.
Flow Characteristic Research of Children Subjected to Obstructive Sleep Apnea-Hypopnea Syndrome
Authors: Cai Huikun , Xu Chang , Xue Haoyang , Guo Yufeng , Su Lijun , Gao Xingqiang
Published: November 2021

Revealing the structural morphology and inner flow field of the upper airway is important for understanding obstructive sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome (OSAHS) incidence phenomena and pathological diagnosis in children. However, the present study is usually concentrated on adults, but achievement cannot be directly applied to children because of different inducing factors. Therefore, this paper employs flow characteristics and a simulation method for child OSAHS. It is found that the Reynold number changes highly throughout the whole upper airway, and the laminar assumption is no longer suitable for low Reynold number flow, which is much unlike classic fluid mechanics. Turbulent models of Standard k-ω and Spalart-Allmaras were developed prior to suggestion. The simulation is validated by experiments with an error of approximately 20%. Additionally, carried out in this analysis is the influence of adenoidal hypertrophy with different narrow levels. The cross-sectional area, flow velocity, pressure drop and volume rate will change greatly when the narrow level is above 64% of the upper airway, which can be a quantitative explanation for medical intervention if adenoid hypertrophy blocks 2/3 of the upper airway in the common clinical judgment of otorhinolaryngology. It is expected that this paper can be a meaningful instruction on OSAHS surgery plan making as well as recovery evaluation postoperatively.
Gut Microbiota Depletion by Antibiotics Ameliorates Somatic Neuropathic Pain Induced by Nerve Injury, Chemotherapy and Diabetes in Mice
Authors: Ma Pingchuan , Mo Ru-Fan , Liao Hua-Bao , Zhang Yun-Xiao , Yang Cai-Xia , Qiu Cheng-Jie , Wu Gen-Hao , Zhao Yi-Ran , Song Xue-Jun
Published: November 2021

Background: Gut microbiota has been found involved in neuronal functions and neurological disorders. Whether and how gut microbiota impacts chronic somatic pain disorders remain elusive.Methods: Neuropathic pain was produced by different forms of injury or diseases, the chronic constriction injury (CCI) of the sciatic nerves, oxaliplatin (OXA) chemotherapy, and streptozocin (STZ)-induced diabetes in mice. Continuous feeding of antibiotics (ABX) cocktail was used to cause major depletion of the gut microbiota. Fecal microbiota, biochemical changes in the spinal cord and dorsal root ganglion (DRG), and the behaviorally expressed painful syndromes were assessed.Results: Under condition of gut microbiota depletion, CCI, OXA, or STZ treatment-induced thermal hyperalgesia or mechanical allodynia were prevented or completely suppressed. Gut microbiota depletion also prevented CCI or STZ treatment-induced glial cell activation in the spinal cord and inhibited cytokine production in DRG in OXA model. Interestingly, STZ treatment failed to induce the diabetic high blood glucose and painful hypersensitivity in animals with the gut microbiota depletion. ABX feeding starting simultaneously with CCI, OXA, or STZ treatment resulted in instant analgesia in all the animals. ABX feeding starting after establishment of the neuropathic pain in CCI- and STZ-, but not OXA-treated animals produced significant alleviation of the thermal hyeralgesia or mechanical allodynia. Transplantation of fecal bacteria from SPF mice to ABX treated mice partially restored the gut microbiota and fully rescued the behaviorally expressed neuropathic pain, of which, Akkermansia, Bacteroides, and Desulfovibrionaceae phylus may play a key role. Conclusion: This study demonstrates distinct roles of gut microbiota in the pathogenesis of chronic painful conditions with nerve injury, chemotherapy and diabetic neuropathy and supports the clinical significance of fecal bacteria transplantation.
Heterologous Expression of the Cysteine Proteinase Gene VaCP17 from the Cold-adapted Grapevine Vitis Amurensis Increases Cold Tolerance in Arabidopsis
Authors: Shu Xin , Gu Bao , Zhang Hongjuan , Tang Yunyun , Zhang Jianxia
Published: November 2021

Cysteine proteinases (thiol) carry out diverse and critical functions in plants through their ability to hydrolyze peptide bonds in target proteins. Here, we cloned a cysteine proteinase gene designated VaCP17 from a highly cold-resistant wild Vitis amurensis accession ‘Shuangyou’, and then its potential function in cold resistance was investigated. The results showed that the CDS of VaCP17 is 1404 bp, encoding 467 amino acids, the VaCP17 protein localized to the cell membrane. Expression of CP17 was highly distinctive among different structures of ‘Shuangyou’ and the cold-sensitive Vitis vinifera cultivar ‘Red Globe’, with the highest expression in the stem of ‘Shuangyou’ and the flower of ‘Red Globe’. Arabidopsis plants constitutively expressing a VaCP17-GREEN FLUORESCENT PROTEIN fusion (35S::VaCP17-GFP) showed increased survival after transient exposure to freezing (-6℃), and showed lower electrolyte leakage and MDA content, higher soluble sugar content and SOD, POD and CAT activities, as compared with non-transgenic Arabidopsis controls. The expression of nine cold-resistance related genes (CBF1, CBF2, CBF3, RD29A, COR15A, KIN1, NCED3, AOC1 and JAZ10) in 35S::VaCP17-GFP plants was increased under cold treatment at 4℃, relative to control plants. Using a yeast two-hybrid system, we identified VaNAC72, VaCAM7 and VaDi19 as potential interactors of VaCP17, and their interactions were demonstrated by a bimolecular fluorescence complementation assay. In conclusion, we revealed that VaCP17 can enhance cold resistance by influencing physiology and biochemistry and the expression of cold resistance related genes under cold stress.
Dopaminergic neuron transplantation and melatonin co-administration protects neurodegeneration and reverse oxidative stress-induced cell death in rat model of Parkinson’s disease
Authors: Asemi-Rad Azam , moafy maral , aliaghaei abbas , Abbaszadeh Hojjat-Allah , abdollahifar mohammad-amin , ebrahimi mohammad-javad , heidari mohammad-hassan , sadeghi yousef
Published: November 2021

Background

A gradual degeneration of the striatum and loss of nigral dopamine cells are characteristic of Parkinson's disease. Nowadays, combination therapy for neurodegenerative disease is considered. This study aimed to investigate the effects of melatonin and dopaminergic neurons derived from adipose tissue stem cells (ADSCs) in a rat model of Parkinson’s disease.
Methods

Parkinson’s disease was induced in rats using neurotoxin 6-Hydroxydopamine. The treatment was performed using melatonin and dopaminergic neurons transplantation. Subsequently, behavioral tests, western blot analysis for Caspase-3 expression, GSH (Glutathione) content and stereology analysis for the volume and cell number of substantia nigra and striatum were performed.
Results

Treatment with melatonin and dopaminergic neuron transplantation increased the number of neurons in substantia nigra and striatum while the number of glial cell and the volume of substantia nigra and striatum did not show significant change between groups. Western blot analysis for caspase 3 indicated the significant differences between groups. The results also indicated the increased level of glutathione (GSH) content in treatment groups.
Conclusion

this study showed that combination therapy with melatonin and dopaminergic neurons could greatly protect the neurons, reduce oxidative stress and improve the symptoms of PD.
Combination of Serological Biomarkers and Clinical Features To Predict Mucosal Healing in Crohn’s Disease: A Multicenter Cohort Study
Authors: Tang Nana , Chen Han , Chen Ruidong , Tang Wen , Zhang Hongjie
Published: November 2021

Background
Mucosal healing (MH) has become the treatment goal of patients with Crohn’s disease (CD). This study aims to develop a noninvasive and reliable clinical tool for individual evaluation of mucosal healing in patients with Crohn’s disease.
Results
The following variables were independently associated with the MH and were subsequently included into the prediction model: PLR (platelet to lymphocyte ratio), CAR (C-reactive protein to albumin ratio), ESR (erythrocyte sedimentation rate), HBI (Harvey-Bradshaw Index) score and infliximab treatment. A primary model and a simple model were established, respectively. The primary model performed better than the simple one in C-index (87.5% vs 83.0 %, p=0.004). There was no statistical significance between these two models in sensitivity (70.43% vs 62.61%, p=0.467), specificity (87.12% vs 80.69%, p=0.448), PPV (72.97% vs 61.54%, p=0.292), NPV (85.65% vs 81.39%, p=0.614), and accuracy (81.61% vs 74.71%, p=0.303). The primary model had good calibration and high levels of explained variation and discrimination in validation cohort.
Conclusions
This model can be used to predict MH in post-treatment CD patients. It can also be used as an indication of endoscopic surveillance to evaluate mucosal healing in patients with CD after treatment.
MALAT-1/p53/miR-155/miR-146a ceRNA circuit tuned by Methoxylated Quercitin Glycoside Alters Immunogenic and Oncogenic Profiles of Breast cancer
Authors: Abdel-Latif Mustafa , Riad Ahmed , Soliman Raghda Ashraf , Elkhouly Aisha , Nafae Heba , Gad Mohamed Zakaria , Motaal Amira Abdel , Youness Rana Ahmed
Published: November 2021

Triple Negative Breast Cancer (TNBC) is one of the most aggressive and hot BC subtypes. Our research group has recently shed the light onto the utility of natural compounds as effective immunotherapeutic agents. The aim of this study is to investigate the role of a methoxylated quercitin glycoside (MQG) isolated from Cleome droserifolia in harnessing TNBC progression and tuning the tumor microenvironment and natural killer cells cytotoxicity. Results showed that MQG showed highest potency in repressing cellular proliferation, colony forming ability, migration and invasion capacities. Mechanistically, MQG was found to modulate a circuit of competing endogenous RNAs where it was found to reduce the oncogenic MALAT-1 lncRNA and induced TP53 and its downstream miRNAs; miR-155 and miR-146a. In turn, this lead to alteration in several downstream signaling pathways such as nitric oxide machinery, natural killer cells through inducing the expression of its activating ligands such as MICA/B, ULBP2, CD155 and ICAM-1 and trimming of the immune suppressive cytokines such as TNF-α and IL-10. In conclusion, this study shows that MQG act as a compelling anti-cancer agent repressing TNBC hallmarks, activating immune cell recognition and alleviating the immune suppressive tumor microenvironment experienced by TNBC patients.
A Deep Learning-Based Embedding Framework for Object Detection and Recognition in Underwater Marine Organisms
Authors: Zhua Jinde
Published: November 2021

The detection of marine organisms is an important part of the intelligent strategy in marine ranch, which requires an underwater robot to detect the marine organism quickly and accurately in the complex ocean environment. Based on the latest deep learning arithmetic, this paper put forward to find the marine organism in a picture or video to construct a real-time objective invention system for marine organisms. The neural network arithmetic： YOLOv4 was employed to extract the deep features of marine organisms, implementing the accurate detection and size detection of different fish can use arithmetic for evaluation in fisheries. Furthermore, improving the architecture of the backbone and the neck connection is called YOLOv4-embedding. As a result, compared with other object detection arithmetic, YOLOv4-embedding object detection arithmetic was better at detection accuracy--higher detection confidence and higher detection ratio than other one-stage object detection arithmetic, EfficientDet-D3 example. The consequence demonstrates that the suggested instrument could implement the rapid invention of different varieties in marine organisms. Compared to the YOLOv4, the mAP 75 of the YOLOv4-embedding achieves an improvement of 2.92% for the marine organism dataset at a rapid rate of ~51 FPS on RTX 3090, 60.8% AP 50 for the MS COCO dataset.
Leadership skills for quality residential aged care: An industry perspective
Authors: Dawes Nathan , Topp Stephanie
Published: November 2021

Background Documented poor quality and standards of care in Australia’s residential aged care (RAC) sector have highlighted a need to better understand the role of, and skills required by, RAC senior management personnel to address these concerns. This study examined which senior management leadership skills are necessary to deliver and strengthen the quality of RAC, with the aim of improving understanding of the professional development needs of leaders in the sector.Methods We conducted 12 in-depth interviews with Australian aged care industry experts, including academics, and representatives from the primary health network, consumer, and provider advocate groups. Abductive, thematic analysis incorporated coding derived from existing leadership skills frameworks as well as inductively identified themes.Results Identified leadership skills were grouped into five domains including: i) workforce development and retention, ii) governance and business acumen; iii) health systems knowledge; iv) stewardship and v) responding to regulatory and political contexts. Participants placed a strong emphasis on the skills required to develop a competent health care workforce and manage relationships. While participants also mentioned leadership skills required to promote a positive organisational culture and employee wellbeing, the ability of senior managers to lead a quality service for culturally and linguistically diverse care recipients, was not defined.Conclusions RAC senior managers require a complex mix of business, human resource management, and clinical skills to deliver quality care in Australia’s complex RAC setting. The lack of any professional development framework to guide acquisition or updating of those skills is a concern.
Antibody escape and global spread of SARS-CoV-2 lineage A.27
Authors: Kaleta Tamara , Kern Lisa , Hong Samuel , Hölzer Martin , Kochs Georg , Beer Julius , Schnepf Daniel , Schwemmle Martin , Bollen Nena , Kolb Philipp , Huber Magdalena , Ulferts Svenja , Weigang Sebastian , Dudas Gytis , Wittig Alice , Jaki Lena , Padane Abdou , Lagare Adamou , Salou Mounerou , Ozer Egon , Nnaemeka Ndodo , Odoom John , Rutayisire Robert , Benkahla Alia , Akoua-Koffi Chantal , Ouedraogo Abdoul-Salam , SIMON-LORIERE Etienne , Enouf Vincent , Kröger Stefan , Calvignac-Spencer Sébastien , Baele Guy , Panning Marcus , Fuchs Jonas
Published: November 2021

In spring 2021, an increasing number of infections was observed caused by the hitherto rarely described SARS-CoV-2 variant A.27 in south-west Germany. From December 2020 to June 2021 this lineage has been detected in 31 countries. Phylogeographic analyses of A.27 sequences obtained from national and international databases reveal a global spread of this lineage through multiple introductions from its inferred origin in Western Africa. Variant A.27 is characterized by a mutational pattern in the spike gene that includes the L18F, L452R and N501Y spike amino acid substitutions found in various variants of concern but lacks the globally dominant D614G. Neutralization assays demonstrated an escape of A.27 from convalescent and vaccine-elicited antibody-mediated immunity. Moreover, the therapeutic monoclonal antibody Bamlanivimab and partially the REGN-COV2 cocktail failed to block infection by A.27. Our data emphasize the need for continued global monitoring of novel lineages because of the independent evolution of new escape mutations.
ANALISIS RASIO KEUANGAN SEBAGAI ALAT PENILAIAN KINERJA KEUANGAN PADA PEMERINTAH PROVINSI JAWA TIMUR DAN PROVINSI JAWA TENGAH PADA TAHUN 2019-2020
Authors: Drastiana Tiyas , Himmati Risdiana
Published: November 2021

Abstrak: Kinerja keuangan merupakan suatu tingkat pencapaian dari hasil kerja dalam bidang keuangan atas pelbagai aktivitas yang telah dilakukan. Maka dari itu Pemerintah Daerah perlu melakukan analisis keuangan dengan menggunakan rasio kemandirian, rasio efektifitas, rasio efisiensi, dan rasio pertumbuhan. Tujuan dari penelitian untuk mengetahui kinerja keuangan Pemerintah Provinsi Jawa Timur dan Provinsi Jawa Tengah. Teknik analisis dalam penelitian ini menggunakan deskriptif kuantitatif melalui data sekunder dari laporan realisasi APBD Pemerintah Daerah Provinsi Jawa Timur dan Provinsi Jawa Tengah periode 2019-2020. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa (1) Tingkat kemandirian pada Pemerintah Provinsi Jatim dan Provinsi Jateng  dari periode 2019-2020 masih dalam kategori rendah sekali. (2) Rasio efektifitas pada Pemerintah Provinsi Jatim dan Provinsi Jateng periode 2019-2020 masih dalam kategori tidak efektif. (3) Tingkat efisiensi pada Pemerintah Provinsi Jatim dan Provinsi Jateng periode 2019-2020 masuk dalam kategori sangat efisien. (4) tingkat pertumbuhan Pemerintah Provinsi Jatim dan Provinsi Jateng tahun 2019-2020 cenderung fluktuatif.
Kata Kunci: rasio kemandirian; rasio efektifitas; rasio efisiensi; rasio pertumbuhan: kinerja keuangan.
 
Abstract: Financial performance is a level of achievement of the results of work in the financial sector for various activities that have been carried out. Therefore, the Regional Government must conduct a financial analysis using the independence ratio, effectiveness ratio, efficiency ratio, and growth ratio. The purpose of this study was to determine the financial performance of the Provincial Government of East Java and Central Java Province. The analysis technique in this study is descriptive quantitative using secondary data, namely from the Realization Report of the Regional Revenue and Expenditure Budget (APBD) of East Java Province and Central Java Province in 2019-2020. The results of this study indicate that (1) The ratio of independence in the Provincial Government of East Java and Central Java Province from 2019-2020 is still in the very low category. (2) The effectiveness ratio in the Provincial Government of East Java and Central Java Province in 2019-2020 is still in the ineffective category. (3) The efficiency ratio in the Provincial Government of East Java and Central Java Province in 2019-2020 is in the very efficient category. (4) The growth ratio of the Provincial Governments of East Java and Central Java Province in 2019-2020 tends to fluctuate.
Keywords: independence ratio; effectiveness ratio; efficiency ratio; growth ratio; financial performance.
Maritime education development for environment protection behavior in the autonomous ships era
Authors: B. Blagovest
Published: November 2021

Shipping is the last sector of the global transport chain, where the autonomy of the transport is at a very early stage. During the second decade of the 21st century, we have been actively involved by powerful corporations in the process of creating an autonomous ship to solve problems of design, economic, environmental and social nature. In this process, huge financial and research resources have been attracted, which assures that a long-lasting and sustainable effect is sought. Research on autonomous vessels are diverse – structural, navigational, infrastructural, communicational, environmental, social. Many of them are based on the current state of shipping and a very small proportion uses actual achievements. Education in the field of environmental protection and the needs of the future management and operation of autonomous ships are some of the shortcomings in human knowledge today. The article analyses the current state of education and qualification of seafarers through the prism of the new realities. The authors present the experience of Nikola Vaptsarov Naval Academy in the introduction and development of new maritime specialties that form the competencies of future seafarers.
A challenge to improve the interest of students for mathematics education
Authors: C. Ciobanu
Published: November 2021

This paper presents the results and the conclusions that we have drawn from the analysis made following two surveys conducted with the first years' students from the Faculty of Navigation and Naval Management from "Mircea cel Batran" Naval Academy in the second semester of the academic year 2017-2018. The aim was to find out, in the students' understanding, which is the importance of Linear Algebra, Analytical Geometry and Differential Geometry in the educational process. Both surveys sought to emerge from the tradition of teaching classical mathematics, structured on programs that have not undergone much change over time, which was based on exacerbated formalism, abstracting and disregard for the exceptional advances of science and technology from the last decades.
A foreign office inspection report at british consulate in Cernauti in 1940
Authors: M. Zidaru
Published: November 2021

In April 1940 a British inspector arrive in Cernauti to inspect the activity of the British consulate in this city. During the inspection activity he checked the stage of the building and equipment, the security of the consulate, accounts, Consulate’s correspondence, the passports and visas issued by the consulate, the situation of British community in Cernauti, the activity of the British Council in Cernauti. The aim of this article is to present how control took place and what were the conclusions of this inspection
Maritime Tanker Accidents and Their Impact on Marine Environment
Authors: M. K. Kozanhan
Published: November 2021

Shipping is a fundamental mode of transportation for 85 per cent of the world trade, supplying raw materials, energy, manufactured goods, foodstuffs etc. to the global population, is carried by international shipping industry. In such busy traffic, unfortunately, accidents are inevitable events. Large numbers of casualties occur at sea almost every day. Human loss and marine environmental damage, among others such as financial and property losses, are the most crucial and hazardous disasters caused by maritime accidents. There are several causes playing role in maritime accidents such as natural conditions, technical failures, route conditions, ship-related factors, human errors, cargo-related factors. There are also quite many types of maritime accidents; they include oil spill, ship grounding, fire, to mention a few. The impact of maritime accidents on the marine environment differs from one another. The main purpose of this paper is to determine and analyse the effects of maritime accidents on the marine environment. The analysis was based on data published over the past 56 years involving spills of 7000 tons oils. Within this scope, firstly, the literature related to maritime accidents involving spills was reviewed and then the statistics of maritime accidents and their impact on marine environment worldwide were analyzed and evaluated.
GENITOURINARY MYIASIS CAUSED BY MUSCA DOMESTICA: REGARDING A SINGULAR
Authors:   Parasitology-Mycology laboratory, Avicenna Military Hospital. Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cadi AyyadUniversity, Marrakesh, Morocco., Lazrak Fz. , Darfaoui L. ,   Parasitology-Mycology laboratory, Avicenna Military Hospital. Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cadi AyyadUniversity, Marrakesh, Morocco., Oujidi M. ,   Parasitology-Mycology laboratory, Avicenna Military Hospital. Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cadi AyyadUniversity, Marrakesh, Morocco., Islah Y. ,   Reanimation service of University Hospital Mohamed VI of Marrakesh.Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cadi AyyadUniversity, Marrakesh, Morocco., Sbai M. ,   Parasitology-Mycology laboratory, Avicenna Military Hospital. Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cadi AyyadUniversity, Marrakesh, Morocco., Rebahi H. ,   Reanimation service of University Hospital Mohamed VI of Marrakesh.Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cadi AyyadUniversity, Marrakesh, Morocco., El Adib A.R. ,   Reanimation service of University Hospital Mohamed VI of Marrakesh.Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cadi AyyadUniversity, Marrakesh, Morocco., Moutaj R. ,   Parasitology-Mycology laboratory, Avicenna Military Hospital. Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cadi AyyadUniversity, Marrakesh, Morocco., Mezouari E.El ,   Parasitology-Mycology laboratory, Avicenna Military Hospital. Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cadi AyyadUniversity, Marrakesh, Morocco.
Published: November 2021

A 27-year-old woman from and resident in ourika(Marrakesh region â€“ Morocco) with a history of anemia under iron treatment, without a history of surgery, has G1 P1. Presented to the Mohamed VI University Hospital on day 21 post partum of a vaginal birth at home, the evolution was marked by the appearance of urinary incontinence treated in the emergency room by placing a catheter urinary on day 6 post partum then send to her home for the COVID 19 context, then the patient consulted again at the gyneco-obstetric emergency room for deterioration of the general condition in a picture of hemodynamic shock. On physical examination, the patient was hemodynamically unstable with blood pressure figures of 70/40 mmhg, heart rate at 50 bpm, temperature at 35 Â° and mucosal skin pallor.Examination of the vaginal cavity showed the presence of numerous whitish-looking maggots, a sample was taken by the biology team that collected the maggots for the purpose of a parasitological study to identify the parasite responsible.
Problems of agency work during the coronavirus crisis: A case of Kazakhstan
Authors: Atsiyeva Ellada , Balabiyev Kairat , Zharkenova Svetlana , Namazbayeva Zaure , Kurmanova Aigul
Published: November 2021

The study was carried out based on a survey among 115 Kazakhstani employees and 49 employers to understand attitudes to online employability during the coronavirus crisis and related problems to such format of work. Employees were presented by 32% of Generation Y (born between 1985 and 2002), 44% of Generation X (born between 1964 and 1984), 13% of Baby Boomers (born between 1944 and 1963), and 11% of Silent Generation (born before 1943). As for employers, they were presented by 28% of Generation Y, 51% of Generation X, 16% of Baby Boomers, and 5% of Silent Generation. The result reveals that the format of work has been 46% full-time online, 49% part-time online, 5% mix of full and part-time format. The same pattern was observed among employers with 60% confirming the use of remote online work of staff within the framework of self-isolation, although 31% switched to the part-time online format of work and 9% used a mix of full and part-time. At the same time, only about 7% of the workers and 11% of employers previously had such a practice, and for the majority, such work became an absolutely new experience. Most of 85% of Generation Y and 76% of Generation X have the sufficiency of digital skills and ability to work online, while 42% of Baby Boomers and 67% of Silent Generation experienced difficulties. In terms of problems, both employees and employers prioritize organization policies, communication, and law relationship.