bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Pengaruh Reputasi Auditor, Ukuran Perusahaan dan Financial Leverage terhadap Praktik Perataan Laba (Studi Kasus pada Perusahaan Manufaktur yang Terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia Tahun 2016- 2020)
Authors: Riza Saputra Parjono
Published: July 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji pengaruh Reputasi Auditor, Ukuran Perusahaan, dan Financial Leverage terhadap Praktik Perataan Laba. Reputasi Auditor dalam penelitian ini diukur dengan dummy. Ukuran Perusahaan diukur dengan ln total asset. Financial Leverage diukur dengan debt to equity ratio. Penelitian ini menggunakan sampel perusahaan manufaktur yang terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia (BEI) selama periode 2016-2020. Teknik pengambilan sampel dalam penelitian ini adalah purposive sampling dan diperoleh sampel sejumlah 54 perusahaan. Penelitian ini menggunakan data sekunder yang diperoleh dari situs resmi Indonesian Stock Exchange (IDX). Metode analisis yang digunakan adalah regresi logistik dengan aplikasi SPSS versi 26. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa variabel reputasi auditor dan ukuran perusahaan berpengaruh signifikan terhadap praktik perataan laba, Sedangkan financial leverage tidak berpengaruh terhadap praktik perataan laba
Pengaruh Orientasi Pasar dan Inovasi Produk terhadap Kinerja Pemasaran (Studi Kasus GoJek)
Authors: Nahriah Tejawulan Gelli
Published: July 2022

Penelitian ini memiliki tujuan untuk melakukan menganalisis dan mendeskripsikan pengaruh Inovasi Produk terhadap Kinerja Pemasaran melalui Keunggulan Bersaing Jasa Transportasi Berbasis Aplikasi Gojek dengan metode data Stuctural Equation Modeling (SEM). Metode analisa data yang digunakan adalah Analisa skala Likert lima poin dari 1 sampai 5 peringkat menggunakan software Listrel 8.8. Data yang digunakan pada penelitian ini adalah data primer dan data sekunder. Orientasi pasar diperoleh hasil output berupa t-value 3.34 dan lebih besar dari 1.96 dan inovasi produk diperoleh hasil output berupa t-value 5.01 dan lebih besar dari 1.96 berpengaruh secara signifikan terhadap kinerja pemasaran. Orientasi pasar, inovasi produk dan keunggulan bersaing berpengaruh terhadap kinerja pemasaran jasa transportasi gojek di Jakarta. Keunggulan Bersaing memiliki R2 sebesar 0.81 dan Kinerja Pemasaran memiliki R2 sebesar 0.62
Gambaran Penggunaan Obat Antipsikotik Pada Pasien Skizofrenia di Rumah Sakit Jiwa Dr. Soeharto Heerdjan Periode Januari – Juni 2017
Authors: Hanief Nur , Noor Nasruddin
Published: July 2022

Latar Belakang: Skizofrenia merupakan penyakit yang membingungkan dan melumpuhkan otak, dengan manifestasi psikotik yang buruk dan persisten, disertai fungsi kognitif dan gangguan psikososial yang mendalam. Berdasarkan penelitian pada tiga pulau besar di Indonesia menunjukkan penggunaan obat antipsikotik yang cukup dinamis dan golongan tipikal masih menjadi pilihan utama pada pasien skizofrenia dalam kurun waktu lima tahun terakhir.Metode: Studi ini merupakan studi deskriptif kuantitatif dengan pengambilan data secara retrospektif melalui data rekam medis, rancangan penelitian cross sectional, dan penetapan besar sampel menggunakan metode consecutive sampling hingga tercapai 96 sampel, kemudian dianalisis secara univariat.Hasil: Dari 96 sampel rekam medis, didapatkan penggunaan obat antipsikotik golongan atipikal sebanyak 175 (76,8%) kali pemberian dari total 228 kali frekuensi pemberian obat antipsikotik, lalu dari sembilan varian obat antipsikotik yang tersedia di Rumah Sakit Jiwa Dr. Soeharto Heerdjan, yang menjadi pilihan utama adalah risperidon dengan 79 (34,6%) kali pemberian. Kemudian jenis terapi kombinasi pada pasien skizofrenia lebih mendominasi dari monoterapi (82,3%) dengan pilihan kombinasi mayoritasnya risperidon–clozapin. Namun, terdapat penggunaan obat tambahan selain antipsikotik yang diberikan secara berlebihan yaitu triheksifenidil (93,8%)Kesimpulan: Penggunaan obat antipsikotik oleh para dokter di Rumah Sakit Jiwa Dr. Soeharto Heerdjan sudah sesuai dengan pedoman psikofarmakologi (STEPs) dan guideline NICE maupun PDSKJI, tetapi harus mengevaluasi kembali penggunaan triheksifenidil yang berlebih.
Sensitivitas Antibiotik Paten dan Generik Terhadap Bakteri Penyebab Infeksi Saluran Nafas Akut (ISPA)
Authors: Marsa Meike , Permana Dharma
Published: July 2022

Latar Belakang: Infeksi saluran pernapasan akut (ISPA) merupakan penyakit yang umum terjadi pada masyarakat. Prevalensi ISPA berdasarkan diagnosis tenaga kesehatan dan keluhan penduduk sebesar 25 %. Bakteri penyebab ISPA yang sering menyebabkan dua diantaranya adalah Streptococcus pyogenes dan Staphylococcus aureus. Untuk mengobati ISPA digunakan antibiotik baik paten maupun generik.Tujuan: Penelitian ini bertujuan Untuk mengetahui sensitivitas antibiotik paten dan generik terhadap bakteri Streptococcus pyogenes dan Staphylococus aureus penyebab ISPA.Metode: Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian eksperimental mengunakan pengujian mikrobiologi. Bakteri penyebab ISPA didapatkan dari laboratorium Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Indonesia berupa bakteri S.pyogenes ATTC 19615 PK/5 dan S.aureus ATTC 12600 PK/5. Uji sensitivitas menggunakan metode disc diffusion Kirby-Bauer dan dibandingkan dengan standar Kirby-Bauer. Antibiotik yang digunakan dalam uji sensitivitas yaitu Amoksisilin, Siprofloksasin dan Kotrimoksazol paten dan generik.Hasil: Antibiotik Amoksisilin yang mempunyai sensitivitas paling tinggi dibandingkan dengan Siprofloksasin dan Kotrimoksazol terhadap bakteri S.Pyogenes dan S.aureus penyebab ISPA. Pola sensitivitas antibiotik Amoksisilin dan Siprofloksasin paten mempunyai sensitivitas yang lebih tinggi terhadap bakteri S.pyogenes penyebab ISPA dibandingkan dengan yang generik. Sedangkan antibiotik Kotrimoksazol generik mempunyai pola sensitivitas yang lebih tinggi dibandingkan yang paten. Antibitoik Amoksisilin dan Siprofloksasin paten dan generik mempunyai pola sensitivitas yang sama terhadap bakteri S.aureus penyebab ISPA dan antibiotik Kotrimoksazol generik mempunyai pola sensitivitas yang lebih tinggi terhadap S.aureus penyebab ISPA dibandingkan yang paten..Kesimpulan: Antibiotik Amoksisilin paling sensitif terhadap bakteri penyebab ISPA S.pyogenes dan S.aureus dibandingkan dengan Siprofloksasin dan Kotrimoksazol. Perbedaan rata-rata diameter zona hambat dan pola sensitivitas antibiotik paten dan generik hampir sama.
About the discovery of Ellerbeckia arenaria (Bacillariophyta) in a brackish karst lake (Middle Volga Region)
Authors: Abramova Ksenia I. , Tokinova Rimma P.
Published: July 2022

The diatom Ellerbeckia arenaria has been rediscovered after a long-term break in the phytoplankton of the brackish-water karst lake Bolshoe Goluboe (Republic of Tatarstan). It was first recorded in the lake in the thirties of the last century and was not recorded in the subsequent period. The absence of El. arenaria in taxonomic reports for other water bodies of the Republic suggests that this species belongs to rare in the regional flora, requiring special attention to the protection of its habitats.
Analysis of the results of monitoring of indicator algal viruses in the bays of Sevastopol in the periods before and during the Covid-19 pandemic
Authors: Stepanova Olga A. , Sholar Stanislav A.
Published: July 2022

Analysis of the results of monitoring the indicator algal viruses of microalgae Tetraselmis viridis and Phaeodactylum tricornutum in differing in ecological well-being bays of Sevastopol in periods before and during the Covid-19 pandemic recorded changes in the ratio of the amounts of various strains in the “pre-covid” (2015–2019) and “covid” (2020–2021) time periods, which may indicate an improvement in the environmental situation in the studied waters during the Covid-19 pandemic. The reason for such changes could be a decrease in anthropogenic pressure under restrictive and quarantine measures.
State Improvement and Transnational Enlightenment in the Scottish Journey of Count Karl von Zinzendorf in 1768
Authors: Singerton Jonathan
Published: July 2022

The journey to Scotland in August 1768 by Count Karl von Zinzendorf reveals the significance of Scottish socio-economic practices for the Austrian Habsburg lands in the mid-eighteenth century. Zinzendorf’s travel came as the result of the Austrian-Habsburg desire to emulate foreign financial structures after defeat in the Seven Years’ War (1756–63). His one-month stay in Scotland, supported by the Habsburg monarch Maria Theresa as part of several tours across Europe, was in effect an act of industrial espionage. It is also an illuminating example of eighteenth-century hospitality and sociability. Based on Zinzendorf’s unpublished diary entries as well as his economic report on the British Isles compiled for superiors in Vienna, this article introduces Zinzendorf and his ‘commercial tour’ of Scotland to Scottish historians for the first time. It builds upon recent efforts to explore early modern Scottish connections with continental Europe and demonstrates how these connections projected beyond Zinzendorf’s visit during his tenure as governor of Trieste and his later career within the Habsburg monarchy.
The national currency incipience – thirty years after
Authors:   SO ", SHAROV Oleksandr ,   Institute for Economics and Forecasting of the NAS of Ukraine"
Published: July 2022

Introduction. The article deals with the establishment of the National Monetary System of the independent Ukraine, which was marked by the emergence of the first national currency - the Ukrainian karbovanetz. The very appearance of the Ukrainian karbovanetz ensured the possibility of further development of the Monetary System of Ukraine. Problem Statement. Creating our own national currency was neither an non-alternative nor an easy process, as there were a number of problems - both in the domestic economy and in international relations - that had to be solved first. Purpose. The goal is to cover the retrospective of the establishment of the National Monetary Unit, highlighting the main principles of its creation, which continue to influence the state of the modern Monetary System of Ukraine. Methods. The generally known and narrow-professional statistical and factual materials, as well as his own memories and impressions of the author, who was a direct participant in this process, were used. These materials are processed using methods of scientific analysis and comparison. Results. The article examines specific facts that characterize process of the national currency creation, as well as the views of politicians and economists who determined its course and dynamics. The author gives his own assessments of past events and tries to analyze their impact on the modern Monetary System of Ukraine. Conclusions. The first, radical monetary reform in modern Ukraine was carried out in the process of introducing its own monetary unit into circulation - the karbovanetz (1991-1992). Unfortunately, when it was carried out, contrary to the position of the author and his associates, an “inflationary spiral” was unleashed with the intention of transferring all economic troubles caused by hyperinflation to the karbovanetz so that the next national currency, the hryvnia, would be based on a “new, healthy” basis. As it was clear from the theoretical point of view, this approach was wrong and only led to the inheritance of the processes of inflation and devaluation (albeit at a lower rate).
Numerical Method and Computation for Combinatorial Geometric Series and Binomial Theorems
Authors: Annamalai Chinnaraji
Published: July 2022

In today’s world, the growing complexity of mathematical modelling demands the simplicity of mathematical and numerical equations for solving today’s scientific problems and challenges. This paper presents combinatorial geometric series, innovative binomial coefficients, combinatorial equations, binomial expansions, calculus with combinatorial geometric series, and innovative binomial theorems. Combinatorics involves integers, factorials, binomial coefficients, discrete mathematics, and theoretical computer science for finding solutions to the problems in computing and engineering science. The combinatorial geometric series with binomial expansions and its theorems refer to the methodological advances which are useful for researchers who are working in computational science. Computational science is a rapidly growing multi-and inter-disciplinary area where science, engineering, computation, mathematics, and collaboration use advance computing capabilities to understand and solve the most complex real life problems.
Conducta de apareamiento de Setipellis stigmatica (Gastropoda: Cepolidae) en cautiverio, morfología del dardo y del espermatóforo
Authors: Reyes-Tur Bernardo , Bosch-Diaz Camila , Hernández Maike
Published: July 2022

Setipellis stigmatica (Cepolidae) es un caracol hermafrodita, endémico cubano, cuya conducta de apareamiento se desconoce. Se describen su conducta de apareamiento y uso del aparato del dardo, en cautiverio, incluidos datos sobre morfología del dardo y espermatóforo. El trabajo se realizó en noviembre 2012 y entre enero-febrero 2016. Se recolectaron 13 individuos en Escaleras de Jaruco, Cuba, que se mantuvieron aislados en recipientes plásticos entre siete y 14 días previos a jornadas de apareamiento. La duración promedio del apareamiento fue 164 min y consistió en tres etapas: cortejo, cópula y post-cópula. Como promedio, el cortejo duró 107 min, e incluyó contactos táctiles y orales, así como consumo de mucus secretado por órganos genitales parcialmente evertidos durante intentos de intromisión. La cópula se inició simultáneamente con duración promedio de 43 min. Durante esta etapa tuvo lugar el intercambio recíproco de espermatóforos. El espermatóforo tiene tres regiones: cuello, cuerpo y cola, sin espinas, aunque con crestas transversales en el cuello y el cuerpo. Existe una protuberancia en el cuerpo justo en su unión con el cuello. Se sugiere que esta protuberancia retrasa el movimiento del espermatóforo al interior de la bolsa copulatriz. La post-cópula promedió 9 min de duración y el desacople de los penes marcó su inicio. Durante todo el apareamiento, las parejas no mostraron movimientos circulares, pero utilizaron sus aparatos del dardo de dos formas: frotes y pinchazos, dirigidos fundamentalmente a la región anterior del cuerpo de su pareja, usualmente sin pérdida del dardo.
Fluctuación poblacional de Ips calligraphus en pinares de la vertiente norte de la cordillera Central, República Dominicana
Authors: Jiménez G. Alfredo Arangel , Cordón Cabrera Pablo Raúl , Agramonte José Eugenio
Published: July 2022

El coleóptero Ips calligraphus Germar se ha convertido en el principal problema fitosanitario forestal de los pinares naturales y plantados en República Dominicana. Infestaciones históricas han sido importantes desde el punto de vista de los daños a las áreas forestales del género Pinus. El último ataque con características epidémicas fue reportado en el año 2019 en la vertiente norte de la Cordillera Central. Producto de la contención de dicha epidemia, se realizó un proyecto piloto, estableciéndose un sistema de trampeo con multiembudos tipo Lindgren y el uso de sus respectivas feromonas sexuales de atracción. Los resultados de las capturas de insectos adultos a partir de 2019 han sido muy altos, por esa razón se difunden formalmente a través de este artículo, al tiempo que se plantea la revisión de los valores considerados endémicos y la evaluación de la sanidad integral de los bosques, mediante la implementación de parcelas fitosanitarias.
Primer registro de la familia Ptiliidae (Insecta: Coleoptera: Staphylinoidea) para la fauna viviente de la Hispaniola
Authors: Rodríguez Soto Katihusca , Paz Francisco , León Arturo , Bastardo Ruth H
Published: July 2022

Se registra por primera vez la familia Ptiliidae (Coleoptera: Staphylinoidea) para la fauna viviente de la Hispaniola a partir de ejemplares colectados en hojarasca proveniente del Parque Mirador Norte y el Jardín Botánico Nacional “Dr. Rafael Ma. Moscoso” de la provincia Santo Domingo y del refugio de vida silvestre El Cañón del río Gurabo, ubicado en el municipio de Mao, provincia Valverde, en el noroeste de la República Dominicana. Este hallazgo eleva el número de familias de coleópteros conocidos para la Hispaniola a 78.
Efficacy and safety of omalizumab therapy in urticaria vasculitis
Authors: Petrelli Fiorella , Giannini Daiana , Bilia Silvia , Del Corso Isabella , Rocchi Valeria , Migliorini Paola , Puxeddu Ilaria
Published: July 2022

Urticarial vasculitis (UV) is a small-vessel leukocytoclastic vasculitis characterized by different clinical manifestations ranging from long-lasting urticarial lesions to severe and potentially life-threatening multi-organ involvement. Omalizumab (OMA), anti-IgE recombinant humanized IgG1 monoclonal antibody, has been successfully used to treat few cases of severe and/or refractory UV. In this study we report our experience on 6 patients with refractory normocomplementemic UV successfully treated with anti-IgE therapy (OMA), suggesting that this biological therapy may be a safe and effective therapeutic option in UV.
In Vitro Measurements of True Digestibility and Products of Digestion Using Multiple Cultivars of Non-Extracted and CBD-Extracted Industrial Hemp Biomass (Cannabis sativa)
Authors: Altman A.W. , Vanzant E.S. , McLeod K.R. , Harmon D.L.
Published: July 2022

Since 2018, the growth of industrial hemp (Cannabis sativa) for extraction of cannabidiol (CBD) oil has increased in popularity. By-products resulting from the extraction of the oil have become more available but remain largely unutilized due to their novelty and current restrictions on animal feeding. One potential use for the leftover inflorescence may be as a feedstuff, but reports examining its nutrient quality are limited. Therefore, experiments were conducted to evaluate 9 cultivars of non-extracted and 9 separate cultivars of CBD-extracted foliage. Ground alfalfa cubes were included in experiments as a control. All samples were analyzed for ash, ether extract, crude protein, lignin, ash-free neutral detergent fiber, acid detergent insoluble crude protein, and neutral detergent insoluble crude protein. Total digestible nutrients (TDN) were calculated using summative equations. In vitro true digestibility (IVTD) was determined using a filter bag technique and 48-h digestion period. Cumulative gas production was measured in batch culture over a 48-h period, with methane and ammonia production, volatile fatty acid (VFA) formation, and dry matter disappearance (DMD) measured following this period. Substrates for gas production measurements were composed of the hemp sample, rye silage, and ground corn mixed at a 30:35:35 ratio. Grind size (0.5 vs. 2.0 mm) was evaluated using non-extracted hemp and did not influence IVTD. Nutrient composition ranges of non- and CBD-extracted samples were similar, except for a numerically higher mean ether extract (17.66% vs. 9.29%) and TDN (73.01% vs. 54.03%) in non-extracted hemp. None of the measured nutrients for alfalfa cubes fell within the observed concentration ranges of either hemp group, but TDN was numerically similar to that of CBD-extracted hemp. IVTD was numerically similar between both hemp groups and alfalfa cubes. In comparison to alfalfa cubes, VFA (both concentration and molar proportions), ammonia concentrations, pH, DMD, methane, and total gas production were numerically similar with concurrently run non- and CBD-extracted hemp groups. The results of this study serve as a foundation from which a larger database of nutrient component values for hemp may be compiled. Such databases are necessary to fully evaluate the feasibility of a feedstuff for inclusion in animal diets.
Human Pluripotent Stem Cell-Derived Micropatterned Ectoderm Allows Cell Sorting of Meso-Endoderm Lineages
Authors: Yang Yang , Laterza Cecilia , Stuart Hannah T. , Michielin Federica , Gagliano Onelia , Urciuolo Anna , Elvassore Nicola
Published: July 2022

The human developmental processes during the early post-implantation stage instruct the specification and organization of the lineage progenitors into a body plan. These processes, which include patterning, cell sorting, and establishment of the three germ layers, have been classically studied in non-human model organisms and only recently, through micropatterning technology, in a human-specific context. Micropatterning technology has unveiled mechanisms during patterning and germ layer specification; however, cell sorting and their segregation in specific germ layer combinations have not been investigated yet in a human-specific in vitro system. Here, we developed an in vitro model of human ectodermal patterning, in which human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs) self-organize to form a radially regionalized neural and non-central nervous system (CNS) ectoderm. We showed that by using micropatterning technology and by modulating BMP and WNT signals, we can regulate the appearance and spatial distribution of the different ectodermal populations. This pre-patterned ectoderm can be used to investigate the cell sorting behavior of hPSC-derived meso-endoderm cells, with an endoderm that segregates from the neural ectoderm. Thus, the combination of micro-technology with germ layer cross-mixing enables the study of cell sorting of different germ layers in a human context.
Two-Photon Polymerization of 2.5D and 3D Microstructures Fostering a Ramified Resting Phenotype in Primary Microglia
Authors: Sharaf Ahmed , Roos Brian , Timmerman Raissa , Kremers Gert-Jan , Bajramovic Jeffrey John , Accardo Angelo
Published: July 2022

Microglia are the resident macrophages of the central nervous system and contribute to maintaining brain’s homeostasis. Current 2D “petri-dish”in vitrocell culturing platforms employed for microglia, are unrepresentative of the softness or topography of native brain tissue. This often contributes to changes in microglial morphology, exhibiting an amoeboid phenotype that considerably differs from the homeostatic ramified phenotype in healthy brain tissue. To overcome this problem, multi-scale engineered polymeric microenvironments are developed and tested for the first time with primary microglia derived from adult rhesus macaques. In particular, biomimetic 2.5D micro- and nano-pillar arrays (diameters = 0.29–1.06 µm), featuring low effective shear moduli (0.25–14.63 MPa), and 3D micro-cages (volume = 24 × 24 × 24 to 49 × 49 × 49 μm3) with and without micro- and nano-pillar decorations (pillar diameters = 0.24–1 µm) were fabricated using two-photon polymerization (2PP). Compared to microglia cultured on flat substrates, cells growing on the pillar arrays exhibit an increased expression of the ramified phenotype and a higher number of primary branches per ramified cell. The interaction between the cells and the micro-pillar-decorated cages enables a more homogenous 3D cell colonization compared to the undecorated ones. The results pave the way for the development of improved primary microgliain vitromodels to study these cells in both healthy and diseased conditions.
Rheological Properties of Cement-Modified Asphalt Binders
Authors: Al-Khateeb Ghazi , Ghuzlan Khalid , Ismail Mohammed , Shabib Ahmad , Naeem Marwan , Elbaz Yousef
Published: July 2022

Asphalt pavements are subjected to major distresses like fatigue, rutting, and low-temperature cracking due to repeated traffic loading and climatic conditions. The modification of the asphalt binder (a major component of an asphalt paving mixture) using additives helps in minimizing the possibility of pavement distresses. The cement additive was used in this study at cement-to-asphalt (C/A) percentages of 0, 10, and 20% by volume. The main objective of the study was to investigate the impact of C/A percentage, temperature, and loading frequency on the rutting resistance of asphalt binders using statistical analysis. Two aging conditions were also used: unaged condition and short-term aging condition in the rolling thin-film oven (RTFO). The dynamic shear rheometer (DSR) test was used to characterize the asphalt binders at ten loading frequencies (0.1, 0.3, 0.6, 1, 1.59, 3, 5, 7, 8, and 10 Hz) and four temperatures (58, 64, 70, and 76°C). These combinations were used to cover a wide range of combined conditions and to follow the high-temperature range for the Superpave performance grade (PG) system. Multiple statistical analyses [the one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and correlation tests] were performed to identify the relation between the tested variables and the rutting parameter (G*/sinδ). Findings of the study have shown that the loading frequency has a significant effect on the rutting parameter for unaged and RTFO-aged asphalt binders under different temperatures and using different C/A percentages. Regression analysis was conducted to depict an accurate model that can predict the rutting parameter (G*/sinδ) for each aging condition. Based on the regression analysis, nonlinear power models were developed for the rutting parameter of four groups: unaged unmodified, unaged cement-modified, RTFO-aged unmodified, and RTFO-aged cement-modified asphalt binders with the coefficient of determination (R2) values of 0.986, 0.986, 0.996, and 0.992, respectively. The ANOVA test results showed that the cement addition (represented by the C/A percentage) had a significant impact on the rutting parameter of cement-modified asphalt binders for both aging groups. Furthermore, the correlation tests conducted in this study showed that the temperature and loading frequency had significant effects in the predictive models of the rutting parameter of unmodified asphalt binders and that the temperature, loading frequency, and C/A percentage had significant effects in the predictive models of the cement-modified asphalt binders.
Hair Follicle Morphogenesis During Embryogenesis, Neogenesis, and Organogenesis
Authors: Park Sangbum
Published: July 2022

Hair follicles are mini organs that repeat the growth and regression cycle continuously. These dynamic changes are driven by the regulation of stem cells via their multiple niche components. To build the complex structure of hair follicles and surrounding niches, sophisticated morphogenesis is required during embryonic development. This review will explore how hair follicles are formed and maintained through dynamic cellular changes and diverse signaling pathways. In addition, comparison of differences in stem cells and surrounding niche components during embryogenesis, neogenesis, and organogenesis will provide a comprehensive understanding of mechanisms for hair follicle generation and insights into skin regeneration.
Approaches to kidney replacement therapies—opportunities and challenges
Authors: Huang Biao , Zeng Zipeng , Zhang Chennan C. , Schreiber Megan E. , Li Zhongwei
Published: July 2022

One out of seven people develop chronic kidney disease (CKD). When kidney function continues to decline, CKD patients may develop end-stage renal disease (ESRD, or kidney failure). More than 2 out of 1,000 adults develop ESRD and these patients must live on dialysis or get a kidney transplant to survive. Each year, more than $51 billion is spent to treat patients with ESRD in the United States. In addition, ESRD greatly reduces longevity and quality of life for patients. Compared to dialysis, kidney transplant offers the best chance of survival, but few donor organs are available. Thus, there is an urgent need for innovative solutions that address the shortage of kidneys available for transplantation. Here we summarize the status of current approaches that are being developed to solve the shortage of donor kidneys. These include the bioartificial kidney approach which aims to make a portable dialysis device, the recellularization approach which utilizes native kidney scaffold to make an engineered kidney, the stem cell-based approach which aims to generate a kidney de novo by recapitulating normal kidney organogenesis, the xenotransplantation approach which has the goal to make immunocompatible pig kidneys for transplantation, and the interspecies chimera approach which has potential to generate a human kidney in a host animal. We also discuss the interconnections among the different approaches, and the remaining challenges of translating these approaches into novel therapies.
Numerical Analysis of Flow Characteristics of Upper Swirling Liquid Film Based on the Eulerian Wall Film Model
Authors: Yue Ti , Chen Jianyi , Wang Yaan , Zhu Fawen , Li Xiang , Huang Shan , Zheng Lele , Deng Shuang , Shang Qiao
Published: July 2022

The Upper Swirling Liquid Film (USLF) phenomenon that occurs in the upper cylinder of the Gas–Liquid Cylindrical Cyclone (GLCC) separator is the direct cause of the low separation efficiency of the liquid phase. In this study, first, the USLF formation and development were simulated by an improved Eulerian-EWF coupled simulated method. By introducing a profile-defined inlet boundary and considering entrainment droplet size distributions, the Eulerian-EWF method got reasonable results which agreed well with the experimental. Then, the flow characteristics and changing laws of the USLF including film thickness, film axial velocity, and film tangential velocity were analyzed by this method under different gas–liquid flow rates. It suggested that the liquid film thickness often reaches a maximum at the aspect ratio (z-z0)/D=(1.2–3.9) above the tangential inlet, and the film thickness appears to be more sensitive to the gas flow than to the liquid flow. For the film axial velocity, the direction of film velocity on the front and back sides seems to be generally opposite. Finally, typical distributions of the aforementioned USLF variables were presented and corresponded accordingly, and two obvious rules were found. One is that the position where the thickest liquid film is located always corresponds to the position where the axial film velocity turns from positive to negative for the first time. The other is that the tangential film velocity has a strong synchronous relationship with the film thickness. This research might provide somewhat valid information for the future LCO-prevented measurement in GLCC separators.
A Quick Access to Structurally Diverse Triazoloquinazoline Heterocycles via the MIL-101(Cr)-Catalyzed One-Pot Multi-Component Reaction of a Series of Benzaldehydes, Dimedone, and 1H-1,2,4-Triazol-3-Amine Under Green Conditions
Authors: Shiri Pezhman , Niknam Esmaeil , Aboonajmi Jasem , Khalafi-Nezhad Ali , Amani Ali Mohammad
Published: July 2022

A one-pot multicomponent reaction of a variety of benzaldehydes, dimedone, and 1H-1,2,4-triazol-3-amine for the efficient synthesis of quinazolinone derivatives under green conditions is reported. It was proved that MIL-101(Cr) could carry out successfully this multicomponent strategy to afford target products in high yields. The scope and limitation of this catalytic system concerning the aldehyde substrates were explored. Different aldehydes could be conveniently delivered to quinazolinones at room temperature with short reaction times in an atom-economy way. Notably, MIL-101(Cr) was also characterized by different analytic methods such as FT-IR, SEM, and EDX. The outstanding benefits of this methodology are the availability of substrates, using green conditions, excellent functional group compatibility, and reusability of catalysts, therefore providing easy access to a range of products of interest in organic and medicinal chemistry.
Characterization of Ikaria Heather Honey by Untargeted Ultrahigh-Performance Liquid Chromatography-High Resolution Mass Spectrometry Metabolomics and Melissopalynological Analysis
Authors: Kasiotis Konstantinos M. , Baira Eirini , Iosifidou Styliani , Bergele Kyriaki , Manea-Karga Electra , Theologidis Ioannis , Barmpouni Theodora , Tsipi Despina , Machera Kyriaki
Published: July 2022

Honey represents a valuable food commodity, known since ancient times for its delicate taste and health benefits due to its specific compositional characteristics, mainly the phenolic compound content. “Anama” honey is a monofloral honey produced from the nectar of Erica manipuliflora plant, a heather bush of the Greek island of Ikaria, one of the Mediterranean’s longevity regions. “Anama” is characterized by a unique aroma and taste, with a growing demand for consumption and the potential to be included in the list of products with a protected designation of origin. The aim of this study was to determine the chemical and botanical profile of authentic Anama honey samples and find similarities and differences with honey samples of a different botanical origin from the same geographical area. Untargeted Ultrahigh-Performance Liquid Chromatography-Hybrid Quadrupole-Orbitrap High-Resolution Mass Spectrometry (UHPLC-HRMS) metabolomics study was conducted on authentic heather, pine, and thyme honey samples from Ikaria and neighboring islands. The Principal Component Analysis (PCA), Orthogonal Projections to Latent Structures Discriminant Analysis (OPLS-DA), and differential analysis were performed using the entire metabolic profile of the samples and allowed the identification of chemical markers for sample discrimination. Thirty-two characteristic secondary metabolites (cinnamic acids, phenolic acids, flavonoids, terpenes) and other bioactive phenolic compounds, some of them not previously reported in a heather honey (aucubin, catalpol, domesticoside, leonuriside A, picein among others), emerged as potential chemical indicators of Anama honey. Melissopalynological analysis was also carried out to decipher the botanical and geographical origin of Anama honey. The relative frequency of the pollen of dominant plants of the Ericaceae family and a multitude of nectariferous and nectarless plants contributing to the botanical profile of Anama was evaluated. The identification of the pollen sources enabled a potential correlation of differentially increased secondary metabolites and chemicals with their botanical origin. The physicochemical profile of Anama was also determined, including the parameters of pH, color, electrical conductivity, diastase, moisture, as well as sugars, supporting the high quality of this heather honey.
TiO2 NPs/h-BN: Preparation and catalytic activities of a novel AP catalyst
Authors: Zhao Jun , Deng Nengmei
Published: July 2022

The thermal decomposition performance of an oxidizer directly determines the thrust and specific impulse properties of the solid propellant. Hexagonal boron nitride (h-BN) has the characteristics of high catalytic activity and good stability, which can improve the heat release and decomposition temperature of the oxidant, and then improve the energy performance of the propellant. In this study, a novel hybrid material TiO2 NPs/h-BN was successfully prepared by in situ growth, and it was found that when 5 wt.% TiO2 NPs/h-BN was added, the initial decomposition temperature of ammonium perchlorate (AP) decreased by 67.6°C. Due to the addition of TiO2, the gap between the h-BN layers as well as the specific surface increased, which optimized its thermocatalytic performance, and it also proposed a catalytic mechanism for the thermal decomposition process of AP.
Research status of gas sensing performance of MoTe2-based gas sensors: A mini review
Authors: Wang Jingyu , Zeng Wen , Zhou Qu
Published: July 2022

Transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) have been widely explored for their excellent gas sensing properties, especially high sensitivity and stability at room temperature. MoTe2 exhibits good sensitivity and selectivity to some nitrogen-containing gases (i.e., NO2, NH3) and has received extensive attention in gas sensing. In addition, increasingly complex production environments place demands on high-quality gas sensors. Therefore, worldwide efforts are devoted to designing and manufacturing MoTe2-based gas sensors with faster response and recovery speed. This paper summarizes the research progress of MoTe2-based gas sensing, focuses on the practical measures to improve the response and recovery speed of MoTe2-based sensors, and discusses the mechanism. This provides guidance for exploring higher performance MoTe2 sensors.
Induced pluripotent stem cell-derived smooth muscle cells to study cardiovascular calcification
Authors: Atkins Samantha K. , Sonawane Abhijeet R. , Brouwhuis Romi , Barrientos Johana , Ha Anna , Rogers Maximillian , Tanaka Takeshi , Okui Takehito , Kuraoka Shiori , Singh Sasha A. , Aikawa Masanori , Aikawa Elena
Published: July 2022

Cardiovascular calcification is the lead predictor of cardiovascular events and the top cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. To date, only invasive surgical options are available to treat cardiovascular calcification despite the growing understanding of underlying pathological mechanisms. Key players in vascular calcification are vascular smooth muscle cells (SMCs), which transform into calcifying SMCs and secrete mineralizing extracellular vesicles that form microcalcifications, subsequently increasing plaque instability and consequential plaque rupture. There is an increasing, practical need for a large scale and inexhaustible source of functional SMCs. Here we describe an induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC)-derived model of SMCs by differentiating iPSCs toward SMCs to study the pathogenesis of vascular calcification. Specifically, we characterize the proteome during iPSC differentiation to better understand the cellular dynamics during this process. First, we differentiated human iPSCs toward an induced-SMC (iSMC) phenotype in a 10-day protocol. The success of iSMC differentiation was demonstrated through morphological analysis, immunofluorescent staining, flow cytometry, and proteomics characterization. Proteomics was performed throughout the entire differentiation time course to provide a robust, well-defined starting and ending cell population. Proteomics data verified iPSC differentiation to iSMCs, and functional enrichment of proteins on different days showed the key pathways changing during iSMC development. Proteomics comparison with primary human SMCs showed a high correlation with iSMCs. After iSMC differentiation, we initiated calcification in the iSMCs by culturing the cells in osteogenic media for 17 days. Calcification was verified using Alizarin Red S staining and proteomics data analysis. This study presents an inexhaustible source of functional vascular SMCs and calcifying vascular SMCs to create anin vitromodel of vascular calcification in osteogenic conditions, with high potential for future applications in cardiovascular calcification research.
Case report: Changes in the levels of stress hormones during Takotsubo syndrome
Authors: Ruiz Pablo , Gabarre Paul , Chenevier-Gobeaux Camille , François Hélène , Kerneis Mathieu , Cidlowski John A. , Oakley Robert H. , Lefèvre Guillaume , Boissan Mathieu
Published: July 2022

Background

Takotsubo syndrome is an acute cardiac condition usually involving abnormal regional left ventricular wall motion and impaired left ventricular contractility. It is due mainly to hyper-stimulation of the sympathetic nerve system, inducing an excess of catecholamines, usually triggered by intense psychological or physiological stress. The relationship between Takotsubo syndrome and the circulating stress hormones cortisol and copeptin (a surrogate marker of arginine vasopressin) has not been well documented.

Case summary

Here, we describe the dynamic changes in circulating cortisol and copeptin during an entire episode of Takotsubo syndrome in a post-partum woman after spontaneous vaginal delivery. The patient was diagnosed with inverted Takotsubo syndrome accompanied by HELLP syndrome. We found qualitative and quantitative changes in cortisol: a loss of circadian rhythm and a three-fold elevation in the plasma concentration of the hormone with a peak appearing several hours before circulating cardiac biomarkers began to rise. By contrast, levels of copeptin remained normal during the entire episode.

Discussion

Our findings indicate that the levels of cortisol change during Takotsubo syndrome whereas those of copeptin do not. This association between elevated cortisol and Takotsubo syndrome suggests that aberrant levels of this stress hormone may contribute to the observed cardiac pathology. We conclude that biochemical assays of circulating cortisol and cardiac biomarkers may be a useful complement to the diagnosis of Takotsubo syndrome by non-invasive cardiac imaging.
A case of rare pulmonary sequestration complicated with congenital heart disease treated by arterial embolization and atrial defect closure: A case report and review of literature
Authors: Tang Mi , Wu Xun , Hu Shijun , Wu Qin , Yang Danni , Iroegbu Chukwuemeka Daniel , Fan Chengming , Yang Jinfu
Published: July 2022

Pulmonary sequestration with congenital heart disease is a rare congenital malformation. Herein, we report a 19-month-old toddler diagnosed with right lower pulmonary sequestration, right pulmonary artery dysplasia, right lower pulmonary venous ectopic drainage, and a right-sided heart with an atrial septal defect. The pulmonary sequestration had a rare blood supply, such as confluent arteries with the renal vessels draining into the hepatic veins. Arterial embolization and atrial defect closure were used to treat the rare congenital malformation with satisfactory results.
Predictors of late arrhythmic events after generator replacement in Brugada syndrome treated with prophylactic ICD
Authors: Migliore Federico , Martini Nicolò , Calo' Leonardo , Martino Annamaria , Winnicki Giulia , Vio Riccardo , Condello Chiara , Rizzo Alessandro , Zorzi Alessandro , Pannone Luigi , Miraglia Vincenzo , Sieira Juan , Chierchia Gian-Battista , Curcio Antonio , Allocca Giuseppe , Mantovan Roberto , Salghetti Francesca , Curnis Antonio , Bertaglia Emanuele , De Lazzari Manuel , de Asmundis Carlo , Corrado Domenico
Published: July 2022

Introduction

Predictors of late life-threatening arrhythmic events in Brugada syndrome (BrS) patients who received a prophylactic ICD implantation remain to be evaluated. The aim of the present long-term multicenter study was to assess the incidence and clinical-electrocardiographic predictors of late life-threatening arrhythmic events in BrS patients with a prophylactic implantable cardioverter defibrillator (ICD) and undergoing generator replacement (GR).

Methods

The study population included 105 patients (75% males; mean age 45 ± 14years) who received a prophylactic ICD and had no arrhythmic event up to first GR.

Results

The median period from first ICD implantation to last follow-up was 155 (128–181) months and from first ICD Implantation to the GR was 84 (61–102) months. During a median follow-up of 57 (38–102) months after GR, 10 patients (9%) received successful appropriate ICD intervention (1.6%/year). ICD interventions included shock on ventricular fibrillation (n = 8 patients), shock on ventricular tachycardia (n = 1 patient), and antitachycardia pacing on ventricular tachycardia (n = 1 patient). At survival analysis, history of atrial fibrillation (log-rank test; P = 0.02), conduction disturbances (log-rank test; P < 0.01), S wave in lead I (log-rank test; P = 0.01) and first-degree atrioventricular block (log-rank test; P = 0.04) were significantly associated with the occurrence of late appropriate ICD intervention. At Cox-regression multivariate analysis, S-wave in lead I was the only independent predictor of late appropriate ICD intervention (HR: 9.17; 95%CI: 1.15–73.07; P = 0.03).

Conclusions

The present study indicates that BrS patient receiving a prophylactic ICD may experience late appropriate intervention after GR in a clinically relevant proportion of cases. S-wave in lead I at the time of first clinical evaluation was the only independent predictor of persistent risk of life-threatening arrhythmic events. These findings support the need for GR at the end of service regardless of previous appropriate intervention, mostly in BrS patients with conduction abnormalities.
Feasibility, engagement, and preliminary clinical outcomes of a digital biodata-driven intervention for anxiety and depression
Authors: Tsirmpas Charalampos , Andrikopoulos Dimitrios , Fatouros Panagiotis , Eleftheriou Georgios , Anguera Joaquin A. , Kontoangelos Konstantinos , Papageorgiou Charalabos
Published: July 2022

Hypothesis

The main hypothesis is that a digital, biodata-driven, and personalized program would exhibit high user retention and engagement, followed by more effective management of their depressive and anxiety symptoms.

Objective

This pilot study explores the feasibility, acceptability, engagement, and potential impact on depressive and anxiety and quality of life outcomes of the 16-week Feel Program. Additionally, it examines potential correlations between engagement and impact on mental health outcomes.

Methods

This single-arm study included 48 adult participants with mild or moderate depressive or anxiety symptoms who joined the 16-week Feel Program, a remote biodata-driven mental health support program created by Feel Therapeutics. The program uses a combination of evidence-based approaches and psychophysiological data. Candidates completed an online demographics and eligibility survey before enrolment. Depressive and anxiety symptoms were measured using the Patient Health Questionnaire and Generalized Anxiety Disorder Scale, respectively. The Satisfaction with Life Scale and the Life Satisfaction Questionnaire were used to assess quality of life. User feedback surveys were employed to evaluate user experience and acceptability.

Results

In total, 31 participants completed the program with an overall retention rate of 65%. Completed participants spent 60 min in the app, completed 13 Mental Health Actions, including 5 Mental Health Exercises and 4.9 emotion logs on a weekly basis. On average, 96% of the completed participants were active and 76.8% of them were engaged with the sensor during the week. Sixty five percent of participants reported very or extremely high satisfaction, while 4 out of 5 were very likely to recommend the program to someone. Additionally, 93.5% of participants presented a decrease in at least one of the depressive or anxiety symptoms, with 51.6 and 45% of participants showing clinically significant improvement, respectively. Finally, our findings suggest increased symptom improvement for participants with higher engagement throughout the program.

Conclusions

The findings suggest that the Feel Program may be feasible, acceptable, and valuable for adults with mild or moderate depressive and/or anxiety symptoms. However, controlled trials with bigger sample size, inclusion of a control group, and more diverse participant profiles are required in order to provide further evidence of clinical efficacy.