bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Vedolizumab for the prevention of intestinal acute GVHD after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation: a randomized phase 3 trial
Authors: Chen Yi-Bin , Mohty Mohamad , Zeiser Robert , Teshima Takanori , Jamy Omer , Maertens Johan , Purtill Duncan , Chen Jingjing , Cao Hong , Rossiter Guillermo , Jansson Johan , Fløisand Yngvar
Published: June 2024

Acute graft-versus-host disease (aGVHD) of the lower gastrointestinal (GI) tract is a major cause of morbidity and mortality in patients receiving allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT). Vedolizumab is a gut-selective anti-α4β7 integrin monoclonal antibody that reduces gut inflammation by inhibiting migration of GI-homing T lymphocytes. The efficacy and safety of vedolizumab added to standard GVHD prophylaxis (calcineurin inhibitor plus methotrexate/mycophenolate mofetil) was evaluated for prevention of lower-GI aGVHD after unrelated donor allo-HSCT in a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled phase 3 trial. Enrollment closed early during the COVID-19 pandemic with 343 patients randomized (n = 174 vedolizumab, n = 169 placebo), and 333 received ≥1 intravenous dose of 300 mg vedolizumab (n = 168) or placebo (n = 165) and underwent allo-HSCT. The primary end point was met; Kaplan–Meier (95% confidence interval) estimated rates of lower-GI aGVHD-free survival by day +180 after allo-HSCT were 85.5% (79.2–90.1) with vedolizumab versus 70.9% (63.2–77.2) with placebo (hazard ratio, 0.45; 95% confidence interval, 0.27–0.73; P < 0.001). For the 5 key secondary efficacy end points analyzed by day +180 after allo-HSCT, rates of lower-GI aGVHD-free and relapse-free survival and grade C–D aGVHD-free survival were significantly higher with vedolizumab versus placebo. No significant treatment differences were found for the other key secondary end points of non-relapse mortality, overall survival and grade B–D aGVHD-free survival, respectively. Incidence of treatment-related serious adverse events analyzed in patients receiving ≥1 dose of study treatment (n = 334) was 6.5% (n = 11 of 169) vedolizumab versus 8.5% (n = 14 of 165) placebo. When added to standard calcineurin inhibitor-based GVHD prevention, lower-GI aGVHD-free survival was significantly higher with vedolizumab versus placebo. ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT03657160.
Precision-guided treatment in high-risk pediatric cancers
Authors: Lau Loretta M. S. , Khuong-Quang Dong-Anh , Mayoh Chelsea , Wong Marie , Barahona Paulette , Ajuyah Pamela , Senapati Akanksha , Nagabushan Sumanth , Sherstyuk Alexandra , Altekoester Ann-Kristin , Fuentes-Bolanos Noemi A. , Yeung Veronica , Sullivan Ashleigh , Omer Natacha , Diamond Yonatan , Jessop Sophie , Battaglia Lauren , Zhukova Nataliya , Cui Louise , Lin Angela , Gifford Andrew J. , Fleuren Emmy D. G. , Dalla-Pozza Luciano , Moore Andrew S. , Khaw Seong-Lin , Eisenstat David D. , Gottardo Nicholas G. , Wood Paul J. , Tapp Heather , Alvaro Frank , McCowage Geoffrey , Nicholls Wayne , Hansford Jordan R. , Manoharan Neevika , Kotecha Rishi S. , Mateos Marion K. , Lock Richard B. , Tyrrell Vanessa , Haber Michelle , Trahair Toby N. , Cowley Mark J. , Ekert Paul G. , Marshall Glenn M. , Ziegler David S.
Published: June 2024

Recent research showed that precision medicine can identify new treatment strategies for patients with childhood cancers. However, it is unclear which patients will benefit most from precision-guided treatment (PGT). Here we report consecutive data from 384 patients with high-risk pediatric cancer (with an expected cure rate of less than 30%) who had at least 18 months of follow-up on the ZERO Childhood Cancer Precision Medicine Program PRecISion Medicine for Children with Cancer (PRISM) trial. A total of 256 (67%) patients received PGT recommendations and 110 (29%) received a recommended treatment. PGT resulted in a 36% objective response rate and improved 2-year progression-free survival compared with standard of care (26% versus 12%; P = 0.049) or targeted agents not guided by molecular findings (26% versus 5.2%; P = 0.003). PGT based on tier 1 evidence, PGT targeting fusions or commenced before disease progression had the greatest clinical benefit. Our data show that PGT informed by comprehensive molecular profiling significantly improves outcomes for children with high-risk cancers. ClinicalTrials.gov registration: NCT03336931
Biophysical studies of modified PVC sheet based on sunflower oil for antistatic and blood bags applications
Authors: Hamieda Shimaa Farag , Reffaee Abeer , Saied Mona
Published: June 2024

In this work, the surface of polyvinyl chloride PVC sheet was modified by blending it with sunflower seed oil SSO to obtain PVC sheet/SSO films of ratios 100/0, 90/10, 80/20, 70/30, 60/40, and 50/50 (v/v)% using the solution casting method. Various techniques were used to characterize the prepared films, besides the use of hemolysis assays and blood clot formation tests. FTIR spectra revealed that there was a good interaction between the PVC sheet and the oil. The dielectric measurement indicated that SSO addition enhanced the dielectric properties of the sheet. The study of dielectric relaxation times confirmed the interaction between SSO and the sheet. DC conductivity increased to 6 × 10–6 S/m, so it could be applied in antistatic applications. Also, SSO addition increased the value of the thermal stability. According to SEM micrographs, the film was roughened at a ratio of 60/40 and smoothed out at 50/50. This behavior was confirmed with roughness and contact angle measurement results, in which the film of ratio 60/40 had the highest value equal to (72.03°) and then decreased at 50/50 to (59.62°). These results were confirmed by XRD measurement as the crystallinity increased at the film ratio of 60/40 and decreased again at 50/50. Also, the ratio of 60/40 demonstrated a large decrease in thrombus weights along with a slight increase in hemolysis, which is within the acceptable range and has a high degree of biocompatibility, so this concentration is recommended to be used in blood bags applications.
Simulation based design tool for radial impellers of centrifugal pumps
Authors: Hassan Ahmed Farid Saad Ayad , Hashish Anwer , Saleh Sherif
Published: June 2024

Centrifugal water pumps account for more than 20% of energy use all over the world. Even a little increase in centrifugal pump operating efficiency may result in billions of dollars in savings each year and help reduce carbon dioxide emissions. This study creates a design tool that integrates one-dimensional equations and computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulations to design centrifugal pump impellers. This examines different combinations of design factors by utilizing both the powerful numerical tools that allow the modeling of numerous scenarios and the large number of empirical equations and coefficients that represent the significant knowledge accumulated in this field. The design tool runs through a series of equations to select the beginning candidates for the different impeller design variables. After that, a design space is established by generating upper and lower bounds for each design variable. The CFD tool executes numerous scenarios inside the design space in order to find the best candidates with the maximum operating efficiency and meet the design objectives. A low specific speed centrifugal pump with a semi-open impeller is used as a case study. The design tool is successful in designing it, fulfilling the design requirement, and increasing operational efficiency when compared to a simple single-arc comparable impeller.
Our experience with blast and gunshot induced traumatic vascular injuries at Somalia’s major vascular referral center
Authors: Hussein Abdinafic Mohamud , Ali Abdijalil Abdullahi , Ahmed Said Abdirahman , Mohamud Mohamed Farah Yusuf , Ahmed Mohammed A. M. , Kizilay Mehmet
Published: June 2024

Blast and gunshot-induced penetrating traumatic vascular injuries represent a significant portion of patients with vascular trauma in countries where there are higher rates of war-related violence. These injuries are especially challenging in resource-limited countries due to early diagnosis and transfer delays. This report aimed to present our experience regarding the surgical management and outcome of such injuries at a major referral vascular surgery centre in the country. A retrospective descriptive review of 326 patients with blast and gunshot-induced penetrating traumatic vascular injuries managed during a five-year period between April 2018 and April 2023. The demographics, mechanism of injury, type of vascular injury, Anatomical location, time to the operation, length of hospital stay, amount of blood products given, concomitant neuroskeletal injuries, development of Vascular injury associated acute kidney injury, surgical procedures performed and patient outcome were reviewed. In this study, 326 patients with 445 vascular injuries fulfilled the inclusion criteria. Most of the patients were male 92.3%, and the mean age was 28.3 ± 9.9 years. The gunshot mechanism of vascular injury was implicated in 76.1% of the injuries, and explosive-induced injury was 78 (23.9%). 193 (59.2%) of the patients had isolated arterial injuries, 117 (35.9%) patients had combined arterial and venous injuries while 18 (4.9%) patients had isolated venous injuries. The most commonly injured arteries were the femoral artery, followed by Brachial and popliteal artery injuries (26.1%, 23.5% and 19.4%, respectively). The median time to revascularization was 8.8 ± 8.7 h. 46.8% of the patients had Concomitant fractures, while 26.5% had Concomitant nerve injuries. Only three patients had temporary non-heparin-bound shunts during their arrival. The most common surgical intervention in arterial injuries was reversed saphenous vein graft 46.1%. The mortality was 5.8% and 7.7% of the patients needed secondary amputation. The majority of wartime arterial injuries are a result of Blast and gunshot vascular injuries. Frequent need for autologous vein grafts should be considered to manage such injuries. Results are encouraging despite delays in intervention; therefore, all viable limbs should be revascularized, keeping in mind the long-term functionality of the limb.
Fast nondiffusive response of heat and turbulence pulse propagation
Authors: Kenmochi Naoki , Ida Katsumi , Tokuzawa Tokihiko , Mizuno Yoshinori , Yasuhara Ryo , Funaba Hisamichi , Uehara Hiyori , Den Hartog Daniel J. , Yoshinuma Mikirou , Takemura Yuki , Igami Hiroe , Yanai Ryoma
Published: June 2024

The experimental findings from the Large Helical Device have demonstrated a fast, nondiffusive behavior during the propagation of heat pulses, with an observed increase in speed with reduction in their temporal width. Concurrent propagation of the temperature gradient and turbulence, in a timeframe spanning from a few milliseconds to tens of milliseconds, aligned with the avalanche model. These results indicate that the more spatiotemporally localized the heat and turbulence pulses are, the greater the deviation of the plasma from its equilibrium state, coupled with faster propagation velocity. This insight is pivotal for future fusion reactors, which necessitate the maintenance of a steady-state, non-equilibrium condition.
Weighted gene co-expression network analysis reveals genes related to growth performance in Hu sheep
Authors: Wang Qiang , Xu Jie , Bao Menghuan , Wang Huining , Sun XiaoMei , Ji Dejun , Wang Jian , Li Yongjun
Published: June 2024

Hu sheep are a unique breed in our country with great reproductive potential, the extent of whose breeding has been steadily rising in recent years. The study subjects in this experiment were 8-month-old Hu sheep (n = 112). First of all, the growth performance, slaughter performance and meat quality of their eye muscle quality were assessed, meanwhile their live weight, carcass weight, body length, body height, chest circumference, chest depth and tube circumference were respectively 33.81 ± 5.47 kg, 17.43 ± 3.21 kg, 60.36 ± 4.41 cm, 63.25 ± 3.88 cm, 72.03 ± 5.02 cm, 30.70 ± 2.32 cm and 7.36 ± 0.56 cm, with a significant difference between rams and ewes (P < 0.01). Following that, transcriptome sequencing was done, and candidate genes related to growth performance were identified using the weighted co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) approach, which was used to identified 15 modules, with the turquoise and blue modules having the strongest association with growth and slaughter performance, respectively. We discovered hub genes such as ARHGAP31, EPS8, AKT3, EPN1, PACS2, KIF1C, C12H1orf115, FSTL1, PTGFRN and IFIH1 in the gene modules connected with growth and slaughter performance. Our research identifies the hub genes associated with the growth and slaughter performance of Hu sheep, which play an important role in their muscle growth, organ and cartilage development, blood vessel development and energy metabolic pathways. Our findings might lead to the development of potentially-useful biomarkers for the selection of growth and slaughterer performance-related attributes of sheep and other livestock.
Developing a societal impact evaluation framework for sustainable European University Alliances
Authors: Corazza Laura , Marengo Francesco , Torchia Daniel , Sargiacomo Massimo
Published: June 2024

European University alliances, formally introduced in 2019, are rapidly expanding, as more than 400 million euros have been dedicated in 2023 by the European Commission to foster international collaborations to promote new forms of development within and beyond university communities. By undertaking interventionist research on UNITA – Universitas Montium, one of the largest European alliances, representing 160.000 students, this paper aims to illustrate how a university alliance is tasked with developing an internal assessment methodology to account for the societal benefits created by the project for the academic and civil communities. The elaboration of the assessment tool to assess the contribution to higher education and societal sustainable communities has brought researchers to discover etic and emic implications, revealing the existence of an accountability layer in which the international alliance directly engages with rural and mountain communities in marginalized areas. This research marks a significant advancement in the field of higher education sustainability, providing both a novel analytical perspective on the benefits of university alliances for the development of local sustainable communities and a methodological tool for their assessment.
Assessing calibration and bias of a deployed machine learning malnutrition prediction model within a large healthcare system
Authors: Liou Lathan , Scott Erick , Parchure Prathamesh , Ouyang Yuxia , Egorova Natalia , Freeman Robert , Hofer Ira S. , Nadkarni Girish N. , Timsina Prem , Kia Arash , Levin Matthew A.
Published: June 2024

Malnutrition is a frequently underdiagnosed condition leading to increased morbidity, mortality, and healthcare costs. The Mount Sinai Health System (MSHS) deployed a machine learning model (MUST-Plus) to detect malnutrition upon hospital admission. However, in diverse patient groups, a poorly calibrated model may lead to misdiagnosis, exacerbating health care disparities. We explored the model’s calibration across different variables and methods to improve calibration. Data from adult patients admitted to five MSHS hospitals from January 1, 2021 - December 31, 2022, were analyzed. We compared MUST-Plus prediction to the registered dietitian’s formal assessment. Hierarchical calibration was assessed and compared between the recalibration sample (N = 49,562) of patients admitted between January 1, 2021 - December 31, 2022, and the hold-out sample (N = 17,278) of patients admitted between January 1, 2023 - September 30, 2023. Statistical differences in calibration metrics were tested using bootstrapping with replacement. Before recalibration, the overall model calibration intercept was −1.17 (95% CI: −1.20, −1.14), slope was 1.37 (95% CI: 1.34, 1.40), and Brier score was 0.26 (95% CI: 0.25, 0.26). Both weak and moderate measures of calibration were significantly different between White and Black patients and between male and female patients. Logistic recalibration significantly improved calibration of the model across race and gender in the hold-out sample. The original MUST-Plus model showed significant differences in calibration between White vs. Black patients. It also overestimated malnutrition in females compared to males. Logistic recalibration effectively reduced miscalibration across all patient subgroups. Continual monitoring and timely recalibration can improve model accuracy.
Crystal structure optimization of copper oxides for the benzyl alcohol oxidation reaction
Authors: Sun Hainan , Li Lili , Chen Yahui , Kim Yong Beom , Kim Hyunseung , Fei Liangshuang , Shao Zongping , Jung WooChul
Published: June 2024

Experimental and theoretical analyses show Cu-based wires alter adsorption properties, affecting benzyl alcohol oxidation. CuO nanowires show high performance toward benzyl alcohol oxidation reaction.
Total synthesis of 1,4a-di-epi-ent-pancratistatin, exemplifying a stereodivergent approach to pancratistatin isomers
Authors: Sun Chunzhao , Inokuma Tsubasa , Tsuji Daisuke , Yamaoka Yousuke , Akagi Reiko , Yamada Ken-ichi
Published: June 2024

The total synthesis of 1,4a-di-epi-ent-pancratistatin, a novel stereoisomer of the anti-tumor Amaryllidaceae alkaloid pancratistatin, was achieved in 14 steps starting from d-mannitol.
A unified surface tension model for multi-component salt, organic, and surfactant solutions
Authors: Kleinheins Judith , Marcolli Claudia , Dutcher Cari S. , Shardt Nadia
Published: June 2024

A surface tension model is presented applicable to multi-component solutions containing water, salts, organic, and amphiphilic substances in a mixture.
Ag/ZnO microcavities with high sensitivity and self-cleaning properties for fast repetitive SERS detection
Authors: Zheng Jiale , Liu Dongliang , Liu Xilong , Wang Zekai , Li Junfeng , Wang Xinxin , Wang Jun , Fu Qiang , Cao Yanqiang , Jiang Liyong , Chen Yikai
Published: June 2024

A SERS substrate with high sensitivity and reusability was proposed.
Synthesis of a model phyllobilin bearing an optical marker
Authors: Nguyen Tran Anh Thu , Wang Pengzhi , Zhang Shaofei , Jovanovic Milena , Siewert Bianka , Moser Simone , Lindsey Jonathan S.
Published: June 2024

Phyllobilins – important natural products derived from chlorophylls – contain a characteristic conjugation in the southern rim, which is mimicked here in a synthetic analogue.
The role of halide ions in the carboxylative cyclization of propargyl alcohol with CO2 on CuX-deposited UiO-67(bpy) MOFs (X = F, Cl, Br, and I): a DFT study
Authors: Sirijaraensre Jakkapan
Published: June 2024

The synergy between Cu(i) acidity in deposited Cu–halides and DBU is crucial for converting C3H4O and CO2 into cyclic carbonate. DBU activates the hydroxyl group, while the Cu(i) cation is responsible for activating the alkyne bond of C3H4O.
Highly (regio)selective hydroformylation of olefins using self-assembling phosphines
Authors: Fablet Pierre , Fernandez-Martinez Maria Dolores , Spannenberg Anke , Jiao Haijun , Jackstell Ralf , Beller Matthias
Published: June 2024

New phosphines with self-assembling 6-pyridinone moities were prepared, characterized, and examined in the industrially relevant hydroformylation of diverse olefins.
Correction: Characterization of chitosan- and β-cyclodextrin-modified forms of magnesium-doped hydroxyapatites as enhanced carriers for levofloxacin: loading, release, and anti-inflammatory properties
Authors: Bin Jumah May N. , Al Othman Sarah I. , Alomari Awatif Abdulaziz , Allam Ahmed A. , Abukhadra Mostafa R.
Published: June 2024

Correction for ‘Characterization of chitosan- and β-cyclodextrin-modified forms of magnesium-doped hydroxyapatites as enhanced carriers for levofloxacin: loading, release, and anti-inflammatory properties' by May N. Bin Jumah et al., RSC Adv., 2024, 14, 16991–17007, https://doi.org/10.1039/d4ra02144d.
Shocks in the warm neutral medium
Authors: Godard B. , des Forêts G. Pineau , Bialy S.
Published: June 2024

Context. Atomic and molecular line emissions from shocks may provide valuable information on the injection of mechanical energy into the interstellar medium (ISM), the generation of turbulence, and the processes of phase transition between the warm neutral medium (WNM) and the cold neutral medium (CNM).

Aims. In this series of papers, we investigate the properties of shocks propagating in the WNM. Our objective is to identify the tracers of these shocks, use them to interpret ancillary observations of the local diffuse matter, and provide predictions for future observations.

Methods. Shocks propagating in the WNM are studied using the Paris-Durham shock code, a multi-fluid model built to follow the thermodynamical and chemical structures of shock waves at steady-state in a plane-parallel geometry. The code, designed to take into account the impact of an external radiation field, is updated to treat self-irradiated shocks at intermediate (30 < VS < 100 km s−1) and high velocity (VS ⩾ 100 km s−1), which emit ultraviolet (UV), extreme-ultraviolet (EUV), and X-ray photons. The couplings between the photons generated by the shock, the radiative precursor, and the shock structure are computed self-consistently using an exact radiative-transfer algorithm for line emission. The resulting code is explored over a wide range of parameters (0.1 ⩽ nH ⩽ 2 cm−3, 10 ⩽ VS ⩽ 500 km s−1, and 0.1 ⩽ B ⩽ 10 μG), which covers the typical conditions of the WNM in the solar neighborhood.

Results. The explored physical conditions lead to the existence of a diversity of stationary magnetohydrodynamic solutions, including J-type, CJ-type, and C-type shocks. These shocks are found to naturally induce phase transition between the WNM and the CNM, provided that the postshock thermal pressure is higher than the maximum pressure of the WNM and that the maximum density allowed by magnetic compression is greater than the minimum density of the CNM. The input flux of mechanical energy is primarily reprocessed into line emissions from the X-ray to the submillimeter domain. Intermediate- and high-velocity shocks are found to generate a UV radiation field that scales as VS3 for VS < 100 km s−1 and as VS2 at higher velocities, and an X-ray radiation field that scales as VS3 for VS ⩾ 100 km s−1. Both radiation fields may extend over large distances in the preshock depending on the density of the surrounding medium and the hardness of the X-ray field, which is solely driven by the shock velocity.

Conclusions. This first paper presents the thermochemical trajectories of shocks in the WNM and their associated spectra. It corresponds to a new milestone in the development of the Paris-Durham shock code and a stepping stone for the analysis of observations that will be carried out in forthcoming works.
Binary craters on Ceres and Vesta and implications for binary asteroids
Authors: Herrera C. , Carry B. , Lagain A. , Vavilov D. E.
Published: June 2024

Context. Airless planetary objects have their surfaces covered by craters, and these can be used to study the characteristics of asteroid populations. Planetary surfaces present binary craters that are associated with the synchronous impact of binary asteroids.

Aims. We identify binary craters on asteroids (1) Ceres and (4) Vesta, and aim to characterize the properties (size ratio and orbital plane) of the binary asteroids that might have formed them.

Methods. We used global crater databases developed in previous studies and mosaics of images from the NASA DAWN mission high-altitude and low-altitude mapping orbits. We established selection criteria to identify craters that were most likely a product of the impact of a binary asteroid. We performed numerical simulations to predict the orientation of the binary craters assuming the population of impactors has mutual orbits coplanar with heliocentric orbits, as the current census of binary asteroids suggests. We compared our simulations with our survey of binary craters on Ceres and Vesta through a Kolmogorov-Smirnov test.

Results. We find geomorphological evidence of 39 and 18 synchronous impacts on the surfaces of Ceres and Vesta, respectively. The associated binary asteroids are widely separated and similar in diameter. The distributions of the orientation of these binary craters on both bodies are statistically different from numerical impact simulations that assume binary asteroids with coplanar mutual and heliocentric orbits.

Conclusions. Although the identification of binary craters on both bodies and the sample size are limited, these findings are consistent with a population of well-separated and similarly sized binary asteroids with nonzero obliquity that remains to be observed, in agreement with the population of binary craters identified on Mars.
The effectiveness of adding oodev and melatonin through feed in increasing the productivity of clownfish broodstock (Amphiprion sp.) in BBPBL Lampung
Authors: Arfah Harton , Maulana Fajar , Elyas Umi Zakia
Published: June 2024

One of the most popular seawater ornamental fish commodities is the clownfish. The high market demand needs to be balanced with aquaculture activities to maintain the availability of clown fish in nature due to human exploitation. This study aims to evaluate the reproductive performance of clownfish broodstock by administering a combination of Oodev and melatonin through the feed. Treatment with K code is without Oodev and melatonin, O code is Oodev 1 mL/kg of feed, OMA code is Oodev 1 mL/kg + melatonin 0.5 mg/kg of feed and OMB code is Oodev 1 mL/kg + melatonin 1 mg/kg of feed. The number of broodstock used was 12 pairs with a weight range of 7–8 g/fish for males and 17–18 g/fish for females. Fish are fed twice a day with a limited feeding dose of 3% during maintenance. The parents used were productive broodstock that had just after spawning or the gonads did not contain eggs. Results showed that the addition of a combination of Oodev and melatonin could increase spawning frequency, accelerate spawning time, increase the number of eggs in the female parent, and obtain higher income compared to the control and Oodev treatment without melatonin. All parameters showed that the 1 mL/kg Oodev treatment + 0.5 mg melatonin (OMA) was the best.
The effect of yellow and red illuminations on the swimming behaviour, mortality and growth rates of yellowfin tuna juveniles (Thunnus albacares)
Authors: Hutapea Jhon Harianto , Gunawan  , Setiadi Ananto
Published: June 2024

The breeding program for yellowfin tuna has been conducted at the Institute for Mariculture Research and Fisheries Extension (IMRAFE). The production of early juveniles in the nursery facility from egg spawned by reared tuna was unstable; the survival rate from larvae to juvenile sizes of 2.5-3.0 cm was 1-3%. This problem was suspected due to the effect of lighting system. An experiment was conducted indoor in 14 days with tanks under different illuminations, i.e. yellow and red from light emitted diodes (LED) of 3 watts and brightness of 270 lumen. Each tank contained 50 juveniles of 2.5-3.0 cm in total length (TL). The tuna juveniles were fed with fresh whole fish or fish meats, such as milkfish fries, anchovies, or minced fish, six times per day up to satiation. During the experiment, the swimming behaviour of the juveniles were observed, their body lengths were measured, and cases of mortality of the fish were recorded. The swimming activities of the yellowfin tuna juveniles and growth rate under yellow illumination were higher than under red illumination. Between the two different colours of illumination, the survival rates of the juveniles were similar.
Use seaweeds on nutrient reduction in super-intensive vaname pond wastewater
Authors: Fahrur Mat , Syah Rachman , Suwoyo Hidayat Suryanto , Makmur  , Sahrijannah Andi
Published: June 2024

This research was carried out at the Waste Water Treatment Plant (IPAL) in super intensive vaname shrimp cultivation. Wastewater discharged into the sea through wastewater treatment has high N and P contents. Grass is known to have effective absorption of N and P. Therefore, this study aims to determine the absorption capacity of the seaweed Gracillaria gigas, Gracillaria verrucosa, and Eucheuma spinosum on N and P in wastewater from super intensive pond wastewater treatment plants. The experiment utilized aquariums measuring 40 x 30 x 25 cm, with a volume of 30 liters each. The seaweed types were tested at a density of 2.8 g/L, while the method employed was a complete randomized design (CRD) with three treatments and three replications. Furthermore, the water for the experiment was taken from the pump of the equalization pond in the super-intensive wastewater treatment plant. The seaweed parameters measured were the final average weight, absolute growth, and specific growth rate. The absorption rate of total ammonia nitrogen (TAN), nitrite, nitrate, and phosphate was assessed with time intervals of 6, 12, 24, 48, 72, 96, 120, and 144 hours. The results showed that the growth of the three seaweed types was significantly different (p<0.05). The highest average reduction rate of total N was found in Eucheuma spinosum and Gracillaria verrucosa plants which were in the “very effective” (VE) category in absorbing total N and PO4.
Isolation, identification, and Koch’s postulate test of bacteria associated with yellow symptoms in african catfish Clarias gariepinus
Authors: Nuryati Sri , Fajariana Fany , Kurniaji Ardana , Yuhana Munti
Published: June 2024

Farming african catfish Clarias sp at high stocking densities can foster stress and bacterial infection. In recent times, african catfish have frequently been discovered displaying symptoms of yellow body jaundice, often resulting in mass mortality. The objective of this study was to identify and characterize bacteria linked to jaundice in african catfish. Bacterial isolates were obtained from ten african catfish with yellowish body symptoms, identifying six dominant isolates. Bacteria were examined for Koch’s postulates by injecting 0.1 mL of bacteria, with a concentration of 106 CFU mL-1, into african catfish measuring 21.6±1.7 cm in length. The results of the infection test revealed that fish injected with the six bacterial isolates exhibited pathogenic symptoms, including pale body coloration, dropsy, reduced active swimming, fin thinning, ulceration, and mortality. These symptoms indicate that the bacteria are pathogenic to catfish. The study revealed that six bacterial strains were discovered in the internal organs of jaundiced african catfish. These strains were identified as Staphylococcus pasteuri, Salmonella enterica, Escherichia coli, Enterobacter hormaechei, Bacillales bacterium, and Aeromonas salmonicida. The result suggest the presence of bacteria associated with jaundice in african catfish. The outcomes of the Koch’s postulate test indicate that the infection of fish with less specific symptons of illness can lead to jaundice.
Characterization of antigenicity of the surimi and kamaboko protein of Japanese threadfin bream (Nemipterus japonicus)
Authors: Nugraha Roni , Akbar Fadel C. , Abdullah Asadatun
Published: June 2024

Japanese threadfin bream (Nemipterus japonicus) contains highmyofibril protein which can be used as raw material in processing of surimi and kamaboko, however both of those products are able to cause allergies in people who have hypersensitivity to allergenic proteins. Parvalbumin is a sarcoplasmic protein which is the main source of allergies in fish. The washing process in surimi processing can remove sarcoplasmic proteins. Therefore, this research was conducted to determine the allergenic protein content in each processing process of surimi and kamaboko Japanese threadfin bream fish. The protein profiles of surimi and washingwater were visualized using sodium dodecyl sulphate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) and total parvalbumin protein was calculated using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The SDS-PAGE results showed that the washing process removed several allergens as indicated by a decrease in the protein band at a molecular weight of 10-13 kDa and for ELISA the absorbance value decreased with the number of washing processes in surimi processing. The content of parvalbumin and other allergycausing proteins such as aldolase A and β-enolase decreased after the meat underwent the washing process.
Suitability of engine power for small-sized fishing boats at the Palabuhanratu Fishing Port
Authors: Pahlevi Mohammad Fachrurezky , Kurniawati Vita Rumanti , Novita Yopi
Published: June 2024

Since fuel is a significant item in fishing operation, its high price becomes a burden for fishers and boat owners so they have to improve the economic efficiency of fishing operation. This study reviews the suitability of the dimensions of fishing boats with the power of the engine to determine a strategy in addressing an issue in fuel consumption. The suitability was assessed by comparing the existing engine power with the theoretical power required by the boats and the amount of fuel carried onboard during their fishing trips with the theoretical amount of fuel needed. The results showed that most small-sized boats at Palabuhanratu had engines with power more than the requirement, except for wooden boats that used 40 PK outboard motor engines. Fishers tend to carry fuel 62.1% more than the theoretical requirement because of the use of larger engines and the needs to bring spare fuel.
Application of mitochondrial gene markers and real-time PCR for the identification of Isurus spp. and Lamna nasus species
Authors: Abdullah Asadatun , Yatma Apta , Nurjanah
Published: June 2024

Sharks are predator species that play an important role in marine ecosystems and have high economic value. Exploiting shark parts, including fins, scales, teeth, cartilage, skin, liver, meat, and tails, is difficult to identify visually, necessitating molecular identification to determine traded shark products. This study aimed to design species-specific primers based on mitochondrial gene markers for shark species Isurus spp. and Lamna nasus, and their application in real-time PCR-based fisheries product authentication. The research was conducted in silico for specific primer design and in vitro for DNA sample isolation, DNA quantity and quality testing, DNA amplification, and real-time PCR analysis. The primer pairs of species included in the CITES II list with different genetic markers have been successfully created. The primers used were able to amplify DNA and showed a Ct difference between the target and non-target DNA, proving their ability to identify the target shark species.
Small-scale fisheries management policy based on sustainable access rights: A case of Lasolo Bay, North Konawe Regency, Indonesia
Authors: Ariston Muhamad , Adrianto Luky , Bengen Dietriech G. , Susanto Handoko Adi , Zulfikar Andi
Published: June 2024

Rights-based small-scale fisheries management policies play a crucial role in supporting economic, social, and environmental sustainability. This research analyses the sustainability levels of such policies through a case study in Lasolo bay, North Konawe District. A qualitative analysis approach using the Quality Network Modelling System (QNMS) is employed to design scenarios that ensure the implemented policies have a positive impact on the sustainability of small-scale fisheries in the region. The analysis results indicate that the sustainability of these policies is significantly influenced by active community participation, fair rule implementation, and effective monitoring. This study provides insights for developing a more effective model of sustainable rights-based smallscale fisheries management policies in Lasolo bay and similar regions.
Cloud Point: An Innovative Approach for Solving Challenges in Engineering
Authors: Villegas José S. , Cedeño Bryan , Ordoñez Jorge , Iturralde K Sadi , Sanchez Libia
Published: June 2024

Point cloud technology considered a breakthrough, in industries like engineering, architecture and construction deliver a three-dimensional depiction of objects and spaces. This georeferenced technology enables in depth visualization and comprehensive analysis of structures assisting in tasks ranging from architectural planning to the restoration of historical landmarks. Its usefulness extends to manufacturing and product design well providing a tool for modeling and simulation in virtual environments. In this research study, the utilization of a 3D laser scanner to generate a point cloud of the vessel “TEF” is examined. This detailed assessment aims to detect deformities and damages resulting from wear or collisions, offering an evaluation of the current condition of the vessel. The capability to capture details brings about opportunities for upkeep and repairs, underscoring the significance of this technology in maritime conservation and safety.
Hydrokinetic turbines, an alternative for the transformation of the Agro-Industrial sector
Authors: Cuenca Carlos A. , Barzola Anthony S. , Carriel Bristol E. , Paredes Ruben J.
Published: June 2024

This study focuses on the design optimization of hydrokinetic turbines for the agro-industrial sector, employing the Blade Element Momentum Theory (BEMT) methodology. Through detailed comparison, the NACA 4412 profile was identified as optimal, considering environmental conditions. The project developed a 5-kW turbine suitable for irrigation canals, capable of adapting to water velocities between 1.5 and 3.5 m/s, which ensures a reliable energy supply with an estimated annual production of 11 MWh. Mechanical integrity assessments using aluminum 319 alloy demonstrated safety factors above 1.3 under both static and dynamic conditions, ensuring the turbine’s structural integrity. The design of the turbine, accommodating a flow speed of 2.5 m/s, reflects a commitment to maximize performance in irrigation environments. Furthermore, the study highlights the turbine’s flexibility to seasonal flow variations, ensuring consistent energy generation. The implementation of hydrokinetic turbines represents a significant advancement towards sustainable energy solutions in agriculture, offering a potential reduction in operational costs and optimization of water resource management. Finally, this research underscores the transformative potential of renewable technologies in enhancing the resilience and sustainability of agricultural practices.
SWOT Analysis of Coffee’s Marketing Strategies: A Case Study of Luckin Coffee in China
Authors: Xu Guangyao
Published: June 2024

As big data and the Internet continue to advance, there is much space for new retail models to emerge. Luckin Coffee, one of the top brands in China’s coffee industry, has seen significant growth in both market share and brand recognition thanks in large part to its marketing approach. This study gathers a great deal of official data to understand the reasons behind Luckin Coffee’s rapid popularity in China. It then applies SWOT analysis to evaluate Luckin Coffee’s marketing approach. Luckin Coffee initially succeeded due to its rapid expansion and technological innovation but faced setbacks due to financial mishandling and excessive reliance on discounts. Fortunately, the company was rescued promptly and focused on developing its products. However, competition in the Chinese beverage industry is very fierce. The authors offer several recommendations for tweaks to the current marketing mix in the conclusion to aid Luckin Coffee in enhancing its core competency. It also knows the demand and market for coffee in China in recent years. To expand the product brand and produce more best-selling items, Luckin Coffee ought to use brand co-branding. Similarly, it is necessary for Luckin Coffee to developLuckin Coffee must develop localized products and establish its ecosystem. The suggestions might also serve as a source of inspiration for creating and growing a mid-range Chinese coffee company.
The Impact of Globalization on Chinese Economy
Authors: Sun Jianing
Published: June 2024

This paper delves into the multifaceted impacts of globalization on China's economy, with a focus on three key dimensions: economic growth, trade dynamics, and regional development disparities. Initially, globalization has propelled China's economic expansion at a remarkable pace, fostering numerous opportunities and driving unprecedented growth. Secondly, it has facilitated the integration of China into the global trade network, fostering robust trade flows and substantial increases in imports and exports, thereby attracting significant investments and technological advancements. However, alongside its benefits, globalization has also exacerbated regional imbalances within China. These imbalances manifest in population displacement, a skewed industrial landscape, and a widening wealth chasm. Therefore, for sustainable and inclusive economic advancement, China must continue to engage with globalization while actively addressing these regional disparities. Future endeavours should prioritize achieving equilibrium in economic development and industrial structure across regions, ensuring that the benefits of globalization are equitably distributed throughout the nation. Such a balanced approach is essential for fostering long-term prosperity and resilience in China's evolving economic landscape.
Personalized Services Based on Big Data Algorithms—taking Netease Cloud as an Example
Authors: Liu Xiaorui
Published: June 2024

Based on the rapid development of network technology and the arrival of the digital era, big data algorithms have gradually penetrated various fields, providing great convenience for users. The research focus of this paper is to analyze deeply how big data algorithms are widely used in personalized services. It will also take the music service platform NetEase Cloud as an example to explore its effects on improving user satisfaction, customized services, and optimization of recommendation systems. By analyzing the specific practices of NetEase Cloud, this article reveals the application value of big data algorithms in building user profiles, providing personalized services, optimizing recommendation systems, and providing competitive advantages in the music industry. In addition, the platform accurately meets user needs. It optimizes intelligent recommendations dynamically by integrating users' historical behavioral data and user feedback, improving NetEase Cloud's competitive advantage in music platforms. The significance of this research is to explore the strong competitive advantages that big data algorithms have brought to NetEase Cloud Platform in the field of personalized services and to look forward to the impact that big data algorithms will have on the music industry in the future.
Risk Assessment of Banks When Interest Rate Hikes
Authors: Li Jialin
Published: June 2024

In the era of global economic integration, the banking domain stands as a pivotal influence in determining a nation's economic health and stability. This piece explores the mounting significance of appraising banking hazards, especially in the face of the unparalleled obstacles brought forth by the COVID-19 pandemic. The international economic scenery has experienced significant transformations due to the pandemic, influencing economic endeavors, corporate earnings, and workforce dynamics. As a result, banks confront mounting credit, market, and liquidity risks, demanding strategic measures for operational stability. The essay focuses on assessing banking risks, with an emphasis on interest rate hikes, providing valuable insights for the industry's prudent development. It scrutinizes liquidity risk, highlighting challenges stemming from rising interest rates and urging diversification of funding sources and effective liquidity management. The credit risk landscape, influenced by pandemic-induced financial distress, increased defaults, and the need for enhanced risk management, is discussed. Additionally, the examination of market risk, particularly affected by interest rate hikes, explores fluctuations in asset prices and heightened volatility. The interplay of these risks during the COVID-19 pandemic emphasizes the necessity for banks to comprehensively strengthen their risk management strategies. The challenges associated with liquidity risk, including run risk, credit risk amid economic downturns, and market risk dynamics influenced by interest rate changes, are highlighted. The essay concludes by underscoring the substantial impact of the pandemic on the global economy, prompting the need for effective risk management strategies to ensure sustained operations and resilience in evolving market conditions.
A Study of How Concerts Can Be Used to Promote Economic Growth
Authors: Cai Tianhao
Published: June 2024

With The Era’s Tour becoming more and more popular, it seems that concerts are being paid more and more attention than ever. However, their economic potentials are extremely under-discovered. This article will discuss how powerful and effective concerts are for economic growth. This article will discuss the topic from the different economical aspects a concert possesses, including how profitable they are, how the profitability will affect economic growth, and how the government can make good use of the profitability. The article finds out that concerts can be very helpful when it comes to economic growth because they can increase consumer spending. Concerts can also promote growth in other industries like tourism because for some people, they may have the need to travel for a concert. The government should make good use of concerts to promote economic growth by inviting and helping artists touring and supervising all aspects of touring, especially the pricing of the tickets and the security.
Research on the Impact of Russia-Ukraine Conflict and China’s Response Strategy Based on Political Economy Perspective
Authors: Zhang Tianrun
Published: June 2024

The current world situation is changing rapidly; the Russia-Ukraine conflict is in full swing and has become a focus of current world problems. This conflict has had a profound impact on many levels, including from the perspective of the political economy. For example, the Russia-Ukraine conflict will bring about conflicts in the world energy supply chain, leading to global energy price fluctuations and subsequent economic chain reactions. Against this backdrop, how China handles itself is becoming increasingly important. This paper summarises and presents knowledge to identify gaps and conduct further research based on previous studies. Mainly from economic and diplomatic perspectives, this paper discusses the root causes of the conflict between Russia and Ukraine and its influence from political and financial perspectives. It suggests China’s coping strategies. It has made modest efforts to maintain world peace and stability and promote economic development. It fills some gaps in the previous research and lays a specific foundation for future research.
The Impact of Self-efficacy on Academic Achievement among College Students
Authors: Wu Qiqi
Published: June 2024

With the increasing attention paid to the quality of education and the importance placed on the personal development of students, there is growing interest in the connection between academic achievement and students' self-efficacy. The purpose of this study is to investigate how college students' self-efficacy affects their academic accomplishment, as well as the influence of factors such as family background, gender, and grade on this relationship. Hence, the study collected data using questionnaire survey and scale evaluation methods and conducted data analysis through statistical analysis. Specific methods comprise descriptive statistics, correlation analysis, and regression analysis. This paper found that academic achievement is positively impacted by the self-efficacy of college students. Accordingly, this study offers a thorough grasp of the role that college students' self-efficacy plays in their academic success as well as the factors that influence it. At the same time, the research results can also provide reference and inspiration for educators to further improve teaching methods and educational strategies.