bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Study on Distributing Principle of Force Density Function for Complex Three-Dimension Groove Milling Insert
Authors: Cheng Yao Nan , Li Zhen Jia , Zheng Min Li , Zhao Yong Gang
Published: August 2009

Based on the milling force testing experiments on machining the carbon structural 45 steel, the study on the distributing principle of force density function for complex three-dimension groove milling insert with the waved-edge milling insert (the curve rake plane) developed by Harbin University of Science and Technology is studied. On the basis of the milling force mathematical model, the force density function of the curve rake plane is built by the milling force experiments and tool-chip contact area experiments. Having quantitative calculation on the force density function and programming, the distributing model of force density function is shown with 3D figure, so to analyze its distributing principle. All these studies will provide a theoretic base for the stress field analysis and solving the cutter disrepair which is the key problem in the automatization production and groove optimization.
Ontology-Based Knowledge Management for Vehicle Design
Authors: Zhang Mei , Yan Yan , Wang R.H. , Hao Jia
Published: August 2009

To utilize vehicle design knowledge reasonably and effectively, ontology is introduced in this paper and vehicle design domain ontology is constructed within three steps which are: extracting the significant terminologies and concepts in the field, establishing ontology framework, constructing vehicle design domain ontological relation tree combining development tool. According to the method, vehicle design ontological relation tree is built and evaluated through descriptive evaluation and verifiable evaluation. The results are applied in knowledge representation which adopts SVPO (Subject + Verb + Parameter + Object) mode and knowledge retrieval, the effectiveness of ontology is verified in our system. Finally the paper concluded a concurrent method of ontology construction.
A Kind of Information System Planning Model: The Application in an Automobile Manufacturing Enterprise
Authors: Song Yu Chuan , Wang Y.J. , Yin J.X. , Liu Fei , Jiang L.H.
Published: August 2009

Information System Planning (ISP) plays an important role in IT strategy. ISP not only faces complicated and dynamic business environment but also lacks of integrated optimization of enterprise strategy, business strategy and IT strategy. This paper proposes an information system planning model, which considers enterprise forming strategic advantages as the core，and emphasizes that strategy layer should adapt to competitive environment dynamically in strategic whole life cycle, and emphasizes that collaborative interaction inside strategy layer should be achieved among enterprise strategy, business strategy and IT strategy. On this basis, make use of this model to plan agile information system of an automobile manufacturing enterprise and achieve important application effects
Effect of Cutting Speed on Chip Fracture Strain in High Speed Cutting
Authors: Zhang Hui Ping , Ji X.P. , Wang Jue , Liu Er Liang
Published: August 2009

This paper deals with the effect of cutting speed on chip fracture strain in high speed cutting. Firstly, a chip-fracture-strain-measuring device is designed and made according to chip breaking principle. Secondly, experiments are performed by the chip-fracture-strain-measuring device. The experiment results show that chip fracture strain increases first and then diminishes as cutting speed increasing in high speed cutting while feedrate and depth of cut are constant values. Lastly, the effect of cutting speed on chip fracture strain is theoretically analysed from three main factors which affect chip fracture strain. The study above lays a theory and basis for future investigation of chip fracture strain of the other metals and for future investigation the mechanism and chip breaking forecast system of 3-D groove insert in high speed cutting.
Study of CNC Machining Auto-Programming Technology Based on Design/Manufacturing Feature
Authors: Cao W.J. , Hu D.J.
Published: August 2009

DM feature based CNC machining automatic programming technology for rotational parts is studied. Dividing part hierarchy and feature hierarchy analysis method is put forward in CNC machining auto-programming. Algorithms about how to realize feature hierarchy or part hierarchy automatic programming cutting are given such as transverse, lengthways, isometric and concave profile machining cycles. An innovative Boolean calculation interference flag method is used in turning isometric algorithm. One-to-one mapping of creating tool pathways algorithm to machining process step is expediently to get diversiform machining project from part profiles.
A FEM and Experimental Study of Chip Formation in Orthogonal Cutting of Superalloy GH80A
Authors: Li Jun Li , Chen Ming , Rong Bin
Published: August 2009

The nickel-based superalloy GH80A has been widely used in kinds of aeronautical key structures because of its high yield stress and anti-fatigue performance at high temperature. However, it is also a typical difficult-to-cut material. In order to improve cutting process, kinds of methods have been applied to study cutting process including experimental approach and finite element method (FEM). In this paper, a comparison of chip formation is carried out between traditional Johnson-Cook (JC) model and Isotropic model. Besides, effects of tool rake angle and friction coefficient on chip formation are investigated by Isotropic model. FEM predicated results such as stress and cutting temperature are also analyzed. Relative turning tests are performed and comparison of chip morphology between FEM and experiment is carried out.
An Algorithm for Distance Computing Based on Tri-Mesh
Authors: Wang Xin , Lin Yuan Shan , Wu Di , Yang D.W. , Wang X.K. , Gao Shun De
Published: August 2009

Along with the development of simulation technology, systems of three-dimensional simulation are being used in more and more domains. The distance of objects is one of the important measures which are used to estimate the relationship of object’s position and to weigh the attributes of their own movement. The distance computing places an important role in the system of 3D simulation. In this paper, the two-phases (broad-phase and narrow-phase) algorithm for computing distance is presented. Using the algorithm, finally we have got the minimum distance of objects, and the feasibility and veracity of the algorithms are proved by an example.
Automatic Programming and Simulation for NC Machining of Mold Core of Luminaire Reflector with Axisymmetric Uniform-Distributed Reflecting Cells
Authors: Gao Wei Qiang , Yan Qiu Sheng , Xie Bo , Lu Jia Bin , Jin Hong
Published: August 2009

The design and machining quality of mold core of luminaire reflector is the key to luminaire manufacturing. According to the structural characteristics of the mold core with axisymmetric uniform-distribution reflecting cells, the mathematical model with five-axis NC programming of this mold core was established. Based on five-axis CNC machine tools with dual rotary tables, then, the NC automatic programming calculation for this mold core was researched. Besides, a simple three-dimensional entity simulation was discussed. In this way, the three-dimensional entity simulation of automatic programming and processing in 5-axis NC machining of this mold core was realized.
Checking on the Simulation of the Plane Enveloping Toroidal Worm
Authors: Wen Qing Ming , Zhou L.Y. , Liu Z.W.
Published: August 2009

The three-dimensional figure of a toroidal worm is obtained according the simulation based on the mathematical model. The key of this is the authenticity of the worm surface expressed. Comparing a simulating worm with the true worm, the conformational degree between them can be found out. As the worm surfaces are complex space surfaces, so it is difficult to determine the measuring method and reference for the surfaces of a worm. According to the entire analysis's, the symmetry section of the worm is defined as a representing section. The space surface measuring is converted to a plane curve measuring, and the possibly existing error will be analyzed. The experiments for checking two true worms are made to prove the truthfulness and reliability of the simulation program of the plane enveloping toroidal worm.
Research on Logistics & Purchase System in Order-Driven Mode
Authors: Wang H.M. , Wang T.Y. , Guo Xiao Jun
Published: August 2009

Organizing production on orders is one important mode for small and medium corporations. In this mode, logistics and purchase are to be progressed on sale orders. To satisfy production demands of specific sale orders for zero stock is the goal of logistics and purchase. In this paper, the logistics & purchase procedure under order-driven is analyzed, with its integrated workflow model being built. The information model of logistics & purchase operation flow is designed in detail with UML method. The solution to main operation issues of logistics & purchase procedure management is discussed, with the system program hierarchy presented. This system has been implemented in an electric equipment enterprise and a distinct achievement is realized.
Application of Logistical Balancing Method in Manufacturing and Assembly Line
Authors: Zhang Yuan
Published: August 2009

In view of low efficiency and high cost during the operation of the manufacturing and assembly line to redistribute workpieces, this paper presents a logistical balancing method based on time and costs in manufacturing and assembly line. The workpieces are selected in a short time by use of database and spreadsheet. The iterative computation will stop when the expense is higher than benefit. This method is especially suitable for the small and medium enterprises which can not burden the re-program cost. An example about Harbin HBC Value Co. Ltd is given to explain the logistical balancing method. The results show that the implementation of this logistics balancing method offer the way to improve the efficiency of vacant time by 62.6% and the cost of product is reduced greatly.
Solution Space Analysis and Feasible Genetic Algorithm for Assembly Job-Shop Scheduling Problems
Authors: Zhao G.K. , Wang F.J. , Liu Wei , Lu X.H.
Published: August 2009

The classical job-shop scheduling problems (JSP) become assembly job-shop scheduling problems (AJSP) if assembly constraints are attached to them. The entire solution space size and the feasible one of AJSP are analyzed and obtained by utilizing combinational mathematics. It is proved that the feasible solution space takes extremely small portion of the entire one. To minimize the makespan of AJSP, genetic algorithm searching in feasible solution space (FGA) is proposed and designed, and the search range of FGA is limited to feasible solution space. Finally, benchmarks tests and results are given which demonstrate the advantage and efficiency of FGA.
Influence of Chip Curl on Tool-Chip Contact Length in High Speed Machining
Authors: Bi Xue Feng , Sutter G. , List Gautier , Liu Yong Xian
Published: August 2009

The tool-chip contact length, as an important parameter controlling the geometry of tool crater wear and understanding chip formation mechanism, is widely investigated in machining. The aim of this paper is to study the influence of chip curl on tool-chip contact length by means of experimental observations with high cutting speed. The relationship between tool-chip contact length, chip radius of curvature and uncut chip thickness was investigated. Experimental results show the effect of increasing spiral chip radius on tool-chip contact length with low uncut chip thickness in high speed machining.
Design of an Integrated Architecture for Process Enterprise e-Manufacturing
Authors: Xue Dong Juan , Zhang W.X.
Published: August 2009

To solve dynamic modification consistency of production plan and scheduling for process manufacturing enterprises, firstly the integrated architecture and implementation of e-manufacturing in iron & steel industry is presented. Then the integrated system architecture about administration and management, production process, remote monitoring is built and its characteristics, scheme and concrete design & implementation method are elaborated. The integrated structure effectively realizes information sharing among the sub-systems within process enterprise.
Particle Swarm Optimization Combined with Ant Colony Optimization for the Multiple Traveling Salesman Problem
Authors: Feng Hong Kui , Bao Jin Song , Ye Jin
Published: August 2009

A lot of practical problem, such as the scheduling of jobs on multiple parallel production lines and the scheduling of multiple vehicles transporting goods in logistics, can be modeled as the multiple traveling salesman problem (MTSP). Due to the combinatorial complexity of the MTSP, it is necessary to use heuristics to solve the problem, and a discrete particle swarm optimization (DPSO) algorithm is employed in this paper. Particle swarm optimization (PSO) in the continuous space has obtained great success in resolving some minimization problems. But when applying PSO for the MTSP, a difficulty rises, which is to find a suitable mapping between sequence and continuous position of particles in particle swarm optimization. For overcoming this difficulty, PSO is combined with ant colony optimization (ACO), and the mapping between sequence and continuous position of particles is established. To verify the efficiency of the DPSO algorithm, it is used to solve the MTSP and its performance is compared with the ACO and some traditional DPSO algorithms. The computational results show that the proposed DPSO algorithm is efficient.
Application of Control Algorithms and Statistical Methods for Work-in-Progress Management in Discrete Production Systems
Authors: Guo C.F. , Gu C.X.
Published: August 2009

A new kind of work-in-progress control system (I-WCS) is proposed, in which two control algorithms, the proportional & integral control (PI) and the statistical process control (SPC) are integrated to maintain a reasonable amount of work-in-progress (WIP) in discrete manufacturing systems. Taking the production line of certain motorcycle engines’ crankcases as an example, its I-WCS system is proposed. It consists of two integrated controllers, which are able to collect real-time production data, draw Shewhart control charts, and get these charts analyzed and acquire real production scheduling schemes. Simulation results show that I-WCS can maintain lower and steadier WIP in production lines so as to improve the ability of on-time delivery.
Study on Product Data Management System Oriented to Computer Aided Industrial Design
Authors: Li Jun Yuan , Zheng J. , Jiang Xian Feng
Published: August 2009

Computer Aided Industrial Design System is a key component of the product digital design platform. It is equally important to control its design process and manage its data and documents effectively to share the data generated in the whole design process. Based on the analysis of the basic functions of the product digital industrial design platform, this paper presents the general model and function frame of product data management system oriented to computer aided industrial design according to its data composition character, integrative method of application software and industrial design flow in the process of computer aided industrial design. In addition, with the industrial design of the pneumatic tools as the object, this paper presents the product data management system to achieve the system integration of computer aided industrial design, 3-D structure design and CAE analysis and the data share.
The Application of Process Quality Control Tools in the Production Process
Authors: Ma L.X. , Dong S.C. , Wang Jie
Published: August 2009

Based on the quality survey of the working procedure of interior hole grinding of the ceramic shaft bush parts, this paper analyzes and studies it by the quality control tools such as Pareto diagram and Cause and effect diagram, and finds out the main deficiency indicator. The main influencing factor is that the verticality of the interior hole is Ultra-poor in the Process quality deficiencies. A series of the testing data of this deficiency indicator has been analyzed in order to obtain the factors influencing the deficiency indicator. Finally, comparison is made between the quality status before and after implementing improvement measures and measures of adjusting processes are taken to greatly improve the effect and the product qualified rate, which can provide reference for enterprises to improve the quality in the production process.
Theoretical Model of Grinding Force in Quick-Point Grinding
Authors: Qiu Jian , Gong Ya Dong , Liu Yue Ming , Cheng J.
Published: August 2009

Separating the workpiece velocity on the plane of grinding wheel, it is helpful to analyze Quick-point grinding mechanism. There are some relations among wheel’s deflective angle, workpiece feed velocity and tangential velocity. In this research, the resultant workpiece speed, grinding contact zone and material removal mode is analyzed. And a model is established which is helpful to analyze the tendency of component grinding forces and force ratio. It is found the grinding force is influenced by the factors such as cutting depth, wheel velocity, grinding angle as well as equivalent diameter, respectively. Finally, a theoretical basis for actual processing is provided.
An Input Control Job Release Mechanism for Mould Industry in Environment of Stochastic Production
Authors: Liu Jian Jun , Chen Qing Xin , Mao Ning
Published: August 2009

To achieve the short and reliable due date of mould, it is crucial to control effectively the production of shop floor. A job release control model was proposed in this paper. Firstly, decision problems of input control job release were analyzed in mould industry. Then, considering the uncertainty of the production durations and optional resources, an input control job release mechanism was proposed. Finally, the calculating algorithm for the direct and indirect workload of load centers was found. Furthermore, a calculating sample was introduced.
An Approach for the Design of Cellular Manufacturing Systems Based on Machine Utilization
Authors: Cao Le , Wang Q.B. , Li Shu Ge
Published: August 2009

Cell formation, which involves grouping similar parts into part families and the corresponding machines into machine cells, is one of the key research issues for designing cellular manufacturing system. In this paper, a mathematical model which targets at maximizing the machine utilization and similarity of the part groups is built. A heuristic algorithm based on clustering analysis is proposed. An example is employed to illustrate the benefit of the approach and the results suggest that the proposed approach is feasible.
A New Adaptive Genetic Algorithm for Job-Shop Scheduling
Authors: Wang Lei , Tang Dun Bing , Yuan W.D. , Xu M.J. , Wan M.
Published: August 2009

In order to minimize makespan for job-shop scheduling problem (JSP), an improved adaptive genetic algorithm (IAGA) based on hormone modulation mechanism is proposed. This algorithm has characteristics with avoiding overcoming premature phenomenon and slow evolution. The proposed IAGA algorithm is applied to dynamic job-shop scheduling problem (DJSP) and the satisfied result is obtained. By employing the proposed IAGA, machines can be used more efficiently, which means that tasks can be allocated appropriately, production efficiency can be improved, and the production cycle can be shortened efficiently. Therefore it embodies good adaptation to the DJSP (rush order, machine malfunction, and so on).
Research on Networked Integrated Manufacturing Based on Heterogeneous Numerical Control Systems
Authors: Li J.B. , Deng Xiao Zhong , Xu Ai Jun , Zhang H.
Published: August 2009

Based on heterogeneous numerical control systems in the workshop layer, architecture of networked communication is established to meet the requirement of networked manufacturing. It realizes the integration and information interaction between shop floor equipment and upper layer application systems by integrating the information of the equipment layer with the workshop application layer. Networked communication mechanism of the architecture was constructed. Furthermore, information integration, i.e., integration of applied equipment, integration within enterprise based on Common Object Request Broker Architecture (CORBA), and integration between enterprises based on web Services, is also discussed in detail. Experiment demonstrates that the proposed system helps the information integration both within and between enterprises in the networked manufacturing system.
The Research on Proactive-Reactive Scheduling Framework Based on Real-Time Manufacturing Information
Authors: Wu L.H. , Chen Xin , Chen X.D. , Chen Qing Xin
Published: August 2009

Because of the dynamic and uncertain conditions of a real manufacturing system, many unforeseen events (e.g., machine breakdown, job revision, urgent jobs arrival, etc.) may lead to numerous schedule disruptions during schedule execution. In this paper, we present a new mixed technique that combines a proactive approach with a reactive approach to deal with scheduling problem under uncertainty. In the proactive phase, we build a robust baseline schedule that minimizes the schedules distance defined as the sum of the absolute deviations between the baseline and expected schedules. The robust baseline schedule contains some built-in flexibility in order to minimize the need of complex search procedures for the reactive scheduling approach. Based on the real-time manufacturing information getting online from the manufacturing execution system (MES), we then develop a reactive scheduling procedure to quickly revise the disrupted schedule when unexpected events occurring. The proposed framework integrated proactive and reactive approach is applied to molds production management system. The experimental results show that this mixed technique is more efficient than another technique when the duration of operation is uncertain.
Material Damage Ultrasonic Assessment by Time-of-Flight Estimation with an Adaptive Wavelet Filter
Authors: Chen Han Xin , Zuo Ming J.
Published: August 2009

In this paper, a new digital signal processing method for ultrasonic time-of-flight diffraction (TOFD) estimation is presented. This method is based on wavelet analysis using the Morlet mother wavelet and the least mean squares (LMS) filter. It is designed to remove noise and identify the echo starting point of the ultrasonic signal reflected from the tip of a crack. Both simulated data and experimental data obtained from a steel plate with a crack are used to demonstrate the performance of the proposed method. This method is especially useful when the properties of the ultrasonic crack signal are unknown and the noise is heavy.
Manufacturing Service Integration Architecture for Networked Manufacturing
Authors: Lei Qi , Wang Qi Feng , Song Yu Chuan
Published: August 2009

Intense competition drives the need for dynamic integration of dispersed and heterogeneous manufacturing services. This paper proposes a kind of semantic-based service integration architecture for networked manufacturing. A unique property of this architecture is that it provides the unified interface encapsulation approach and semantic analyzing method to realize dynamic and loose coupling integration. Some key technologies are introduced to demonstrate how the proposed integration architecture can be used to establish a collaborative environment, wherein manufacturing services are semantic modeled, semantic analyzed, and dynamically integrated on-demand.
The Static Rigidity Analysis of the Position Adjustable Computer Table
Authors: Lin Wei Shin , Hsieh Chiu Fan
Published: August 2009

This study is pointed to a computer table with five degree of freedom. The table position could be adjusted freely. The height of the tabletop also could be moved freely. The finite element analysis software ANSYS was used to analysis the strength and rigidity of the computer table. From the analysis results, it can be found that the strength and rigidity were fit in with the specification requirement with a safety factor of 1.20. From the modal analysis results, it also found that the stability of the computer was confirmed to the users.
High Precision Timing of the Copying Control System Based on Windows 2000
Authors: Lu X.H. , Jia Zhen Yuan , Lv Y.Z. , Yang J.Y.
Published: August 2009

A design proposal for developing a high-precision timer of the real-time digital copying control system is put forward by analyzing the real-time characteristics of Windows 2000 operating system. Proposals of using information systems timer—WM_TIMER, multimedia timer, VxD and hardware to achieve high-precision timing in Windows operating system are analyzed and compared. Based on computer high-frequency timer and multi-thread technology, timing function provided by Microsoft Visual C++ is used to achieve a high-precision software timer of the system. Finally, the researched timing method is tested in Advantech IPC-610 host with Intel Pentium 4 processor, and the maximum timing error is less than 5μs which meets the system timing requirements.
Effect of Cutting Parameters on Diamond Tool Life during Cutting Stainless Steel
Authors: Zhou Zhi Min , Zhang Yuan Liang , Dong J. , Li X.Y.
Published: August 2009

While using natural diamond tool to cut stainless steel alloy, the cutting parameters have a great impact on tool life. The impact of cutting parameters on influencing cutting tool life was studied through experiments on using ultrasonic vibration to cut special stainless steel alloy. The experiments were conducted with various cutting speeds, different tool feed rates, altered cutting depths and adapted vibration parameters. Consequently, the relative curve between cutting parameters and tool life was obtained. The experimental results indicated that in the ultrasonic vibration the diamond tool can manufacture stainless steel alloy precisely and made surface quality well. The tool life depended on the spindle speed of machine tool as well as the amplitude and frequency of ultrasonic vibration to a large extent. Among the parameters which affect the processing quality, cutting speed was utmost, followed by feed followed, and the influence of back cutting depth was insignificant.
An Extended Time Petri Net with Condition Information
Authors: Guo Dong Ming , Sun C.L. , Gao H. , Zou L.H.
Published: August 2009

An extended Time Petri Net with condition information (ECTPN) is presented in this paper including two new attributes associated to place and transition that respectively represent input condition set and output condition set. Using the model can achieve multitask cooperation and competition and let token be able to select next transaction path according to inner information. Firstly, the Time Petri Net is introduced, and then a formal semantic meaning for ECTPN in terms of input and output items is defined. Finally, we give the denotation of ECTPN. Application shows that the ECTPN validate by using business modeling.
A New Calculation System for Straightening Force
Authors: Chen Min , Jiang X.M. , Zhao Zu Xin , Huang X.B.
Published: August 2009

Based on the thorough analysis of the disadvantage of the traditional calculation system for straightening force, the new calculation system for straightening force is built according to the analysis of roller-shaped curve, flattening straightening and bend straightening with the application of mechanics of materials and bend beam theory. It is testified by practical use that the calculating accuracy of the new calculation system for straightening force satisfies the actual engineering requirement. New six-rollers straightening machines are designed and manufactured according to the new calculation system, which obtain notable economical and social benefits.
Function Driven Redesign Method for Conceptual Design
Authors: Chen Xu Ling , Lou Pei Huang , Tang Dun Bing
Published: August 2009

In order to assimilate and redesign the existing product, a conceptual design driven by function is proposed. Firstly, the behaviors, structures and functions of the product are analyzed in detail. Then bond graph models are used to describe the behaviors which indicate the dynamic performances of the existing product. Secondly, the advantages and disadvantages of the product can be revealed through these dynamic performances which are abstracted by simulating the bond graph models. To catch the intention of the original design, the simulation results are analyzed regarding the system dynamic performances. According to the evolutional routes, several redesign results are obtained by grouping some optimized alternatives. Finally, applying the method to a frictional driver redesign, the control and dynamic performances are both improved, which verifies the validity and practicability of the proposed design method.
Innovation Problem Identification and Decision-Making for Product Platform
Authors: Liu Yu Yi , Hou Liang , Wang Hong Lian
Published: August 2009

During product platform life cycle, innovation problem identification and decision-making are regarded as vital issues in product platform evolution process. The Comprehensive Disturbance Degree is proposed and analyzed considering customer demand, technology status and production capacities, then existing problems of product platform are identified. According to Innovation Problem Selecting Principles, the innovation problem set Q is defined. The value of modules in product platform is calculated using Value Engineering, the module set M needed to be improved is determined. Then based upon the correlation degree analysis of the innovation problem set and the module set, Fuzzy Clustering Algorithms is advanced to classify innovation problems. Finally, a case study is given to illustrate the validity of the methodology.
Empirical Models of Fast Cost Estimation for Modular Mechanical Products
Authors: Huang Y.Q. , Bian F. , Zhu L.M. , Kan S.B.
Published: August 2009

Empirical models, which are based on linear regression method, will enable the transfer of the quote experiences and knowledge hidden within company’s databases since the use of experts’ judgment is unavoidable for most manufacturing companies to estimate the product cost in the early phases of the design cycle. By studying many quote cases on medium and large size mechanical products and analyzing the relationship between costs and relevant structural variables, the empirical equations are mathematically modeled for modular products. With an H-frame hydraulic forging press example, the estimating process is implemented and successfully demonstrated.
Virtual Clay Modeling System with 6-DOF Haptic Feedback
Authors: Yan F.X. , Hou Z.X. , Zhang Ding Hua , Kang Wen Ke
Published: August 2009

This paper describes an innovative free-form modeling system, Virtual Clay Modeling System (VCMS), in which users can directly manipulate the shape of a virtual object like a clay model in real world. With this system, some disadvantages of interaction with computer aided industry design (CAID) systems can be resolved. In order to enhance the immersion feelings and improve the controlling abilities to cut, paste, and compensate of VCMS, we use Spaceball 5000 and PHANTOM Desktop to assign the set of interaction tasks. During the process of realizing 6 degree-of-freedom (DOF) haptic feedback modeling control, we developed and accomplished the device interfaces with Open Inventor and Qt application framework. VCMS provides us a good immersion of allowing for effective modeling in a virtual world.
Product Color Design Based on Top-Down Color Design Model
Authors: Kang Wen Ke , Hou Z.X. , Zhang Ding Hua , Yan F.X. , Gong X.L.
Published: August 2009

Top-down design is an effective solution for global and local trade-off of color deigns process. Based on the characteristics of computer-aided color design (CACD), we studied the Ostwald Color Harmony theory and realized a novel method with computer-aided color harmony by the translation on the coordinate systems. Some key techniques, such as constructions on product color scheme database, mapping tree model and Top-Down Color Design Model (TDCDM) are elaborated. Finally, with the integration of CAXA solid design software, we implemented the computer-aided product color innovative design.
Multi-Range Hydro-Mechanical Continuously Variable Transmission of Tractor
Authors: Xu L.Y. , Zhou Zhi Li , Zhang M.Z. , Niu Y.
Published: August 2009

In this paper, to improve the transmission ratio discontinuity problem during the gear shift process in the multi-gear fixed step ratio transmission of the tractors, a hydro-mechanical continuously variable transmission (HMCVT) for tractors is developed, which is composed of a single planetary gear differential train, a hydraulic transmission system consisted of the variable displacement pump (PV) and the fixed displacement motor (MF) and a multi-gear fixed step ratio transmission. Its stepless-speed-regulating characteristic, smooth range shifting condition and transmission efficiency are analyzed. The analytical results show that the tractors assembled with HMCVT can gain wide speed range and high transmission efficiency. There are eight high efficiency pure mechanical gears in the whole speed range, which is benefit to improve power and economic capabilities of vehicles.
The Design and Analysis of an Operating Mechanism for Loading Deep Submergence Rescue Vehicle Based on ADAMS
Authors: Yao H. , Bao Jin Song , Ye Jin
Published: August 2009

Success of rescue process is determined by reliability and safety of rescue device. Virtual prototype technology is introduced into the dynamics simulation and optimization for the design of an operating mechanism for loading deep submergence rescue vehicle, and the 3D CAD software, multibody system dynamics analysis software were combined. Taking into account wave excitation input at sea state 5 and 8 as the extreme marine working conditions, the virtual prototyping model of the operating mechanism is built by ADAMS. The whole topology relations of the vehicle are defined. Dynamics characteristics of key parts are analyzed in various virtual environments, which is quite difficult to be realized by physical tank test. Optimization strategy is proposed and verified by increasing the number of horizontal wheels and adding gap between horizontal wheels and the track. This method offers a new way to study the innovative design of similar marine special mechanism.
Spindle Rotation Accuracy Analysis of Turntable Based on Vector Dimension Chain
Authors: Ni Wei Hua , Yao Zheng Qiang , Xi Jun Tong
Published: August 2009

A significant amount of research has been performed to explore the result of components tolerances on assembly quality. The paper analyzes the geometrical error sources which affect spindle rotation accuracy of turntable. Then it predicts the spindle rotation accuracy using vector dimension chain which is the most proper method to analyze assembly quality. The method is validated by tests and it could afford theory reference for spindle rotation accuracy analysis. And the computed value suggests the bearings’ rotary precision could be lower to save cost.
An Enhanced Product Representation Model and Multi-Level Case Base for Rapid Product Development
Authors: Zhang Dong Min , Liao W.H. , Cheng X.S. , Guo Y. , An S.X.
Published: August 2009

An enhanced product representation model was introduced, and it was specified with the sets of property, the sets of the multiplicity of modules, and the sets of relationships among them. A multi-case base corresponding complex product decomposition was established. Cases were defined and edited on customization template, which improved efficiency of developing multi-case base. For an example, a design tool for diesel engine development based on multi-case base was developed, and diesel engine product development could be more rapidly.
Research on Air Nailer CAE Analysis System Development Based on VB and ANSYS
Authors: Jiang Xian Feng , Wu Hai Ping , You Jia
Published: August 2009

Air Nailer is a kind of hand-held pneumatic tools driven by compressed air, the Air Nailer work process is complex. With CAE, designer can detect and make the resolution of design problems in time, but it is difficult to master the CAE technology. On the design of Air Nailer in most enterprises, nearly 85% of the parts are only need parameters changing and maybe need few structural adjustments to make the assembly properly. With this, a systematical method for Air Nailer CAE with the parametrical CAE analysis, template-based CAE analysis and dedicated CAE analysis is proposed in this paper which can make the designer to use CAE tools to improve its Air Nailer design more efficiently. The program tools of VB and APDL of ANSYS are used. The CAE analysis templates and navigation tools are established to meet the different CAE purpose.
Design & Study on CBZb2-Based External Gear Pump Optimum Clearance
Authors: Wei Q. , Jing B.D. , Bao D.H. , Yang L.J.
Published: August 2009

Hydraulic components are widely used in mechanical industry. To comply with the requirements of modern products for high quality and performance, hydraulic components are required to improve their own efficiency and controlling capability. The hydraulic pump, as a main element for energy conversion, exerts tremendous influence on the overall output efficiency of a product. The first is the energy loss analysis of a hydraulic pump, which is aimed to enable the pump to achieve a higher efficiency. Theoretical calculations may deviate to some extent from the experimental data as the equation of fluid motion is calculated based upon the ideal fluid; moreover, the leakage at the tooth meshing though at little amount, the friction loss between the shaft and its bearings, and the friction loss due to the meshing of gears were not considered during modeling. To determine the optimum clearance, it is necessary to take into account the workmanship factors, thermal expansion and contraction, frictional resistance, working conditions and any other factors as a whole. This was followed by obtaining the optimum clearance at the minimal power loss from the energy efficient perspective. These above-mentioned conclusions have some instructional significance over the design of the hydraulic pump.
Mesh Reconstruction Based on Deformable Template and Local ICP Algorithm
Authors: Liu Bin , Jiang Kai Yong
Published: August 2009

According to mesh reconstruction problem of point cloud models with similar topological structure, a mesh reconstruction algorithm of point cloud model is presented based on deformable template and local ICP algorithm. Firstly, point cloud model and template model are aligned in the least squares sense by human-computer interaction. Use the set of point cloud to construct k-d tree and search correspondence of vertices of template model in the point cloud model. Then, the set of correspondence Φ, between two models, is built. For any point Vi of template model, the transformation Ti of each point Vi is computed based on a local supporting neighborhood Vi : Nk(Vi) around Vi. For computation of Ti, we consider only the local correspondence that is inside the local supporting neighborhood Nk of Vi :Φ| Nk(Vi). In the iterative course of deformation, reduce local supporting neighborhood of each vertex Vi gradually to make it accurately approach point cloud model step by step. When the error between two of them is less than a given value, current template model can be taken as the reconstruction model of point cloud. It’s proved by example that the model we get can satisfy engineering request.
Control Parameters and Quantification for System Reliability Design
Authors: Xie Li Yang , Lin Wen Qiang
Published: August 2009

The reliability of a mechanical system is not simply determined by the reliabilities of components composing the system. For a specified system configuration, system reliability depends on not only component reliability, but also the degree of the dependence among component failures, which can be characterized by load roughness in an extent. In the same way, system complexity depends on not only the number of components that the system contains but also the dependence among component failures. This paper analyzes the main factors that affect the relationship between system reliability and component reliabilities in term of component failure dependence. The factors include load uncertainty, component strength uncertainty, and load roughness as well. Traditional parameter describing system complexity is modified, new parameter to describe component complexity is defined. These parameters play important rule for system reliability design or system reliability allocation.
Thermal Analysis on Rolling Bearing Chock in the Strip Mill
Authors: Jia Zhi Xuan , Wang Jian Mei
Published: August 2009

The heat deformation failure form of workroll bearing chock in Bao Shan steel 2050mm hot strip mill was studied by using finite element method. This phenomenon indicates that the internal friction heat in the bearing is the major heat source that results in temperature rise. With the establishment of reasonable temperature boundary conditions on free and contact surfaces, the heat conduction model of bearing chock was built and discreted. By means of finite element method and three dimensional FEM program, the rules of temperature distribution and heat stress distribution of bearing chock were discussed. Moreover, some suggestions on bearing improvement were brought up.
Study on Vibration Characteristic and Stress Intensity of Planar Elastic Tube Bundles
Authors: Yan K. , Ge Pei Qi , Bi Wen Bo
Published: August 2009

Heat transfer enhancement is achieved by flow-induced vibration in planar elastic tube bundle heat exchangers. The optimum of structural parameters of tube bundle is of importance to the characteristic and control of flow-induced vibration. The influence of pipe structural parameters such as cross section diameter, thickness and connectors mass on vibration characteristic is studied in this paper with numerical simulation method. Based on the amplitude of flow-induced vibration and stress intensity, the characteristic of planar vibration and vertical vibration are compared, and the amplitude range of infinite fatigue life is predicted. The results show that the cross section diameter of pipe and the connectors mass have major influence on the vibration characteristic of tube bundle. Compare to the planar vibration of tube bundle, the vertical vibration has much advantage in the vibration amplitude and stress intensity distribution.
Method for Estimating Failure Probability of Mechanical Structures Using Number Theoretical Net (NT-net) Simulation
Authors: Wen Z.J. , Liu De Shun , Yang Shu Yi
Published: August 2009

According to poor computational accuracy at small to median sample sizes of Monte Carlo ( MC ) simulation techniques in estimating the probability failure of mechanical structures, the number theoretical net ( NT-net ) simulation method is proposed to reduce computing effort. Several key concepts, such as good point set, good-lattice point ( glp ), discrepancy and NT-net method, are defined. The sampling stategy is improved by introducing NT-net that can provide better convergent rate over MC. The new method is used to estimate failure probability of the side impact bar on the car door. Results indicate the computational effort needed by NT-net for the same accuracy is about 1/12 of that needed by the MC-based method, and the obtained results are more stable.
Study on Plastics Optimal Separating Technology and Equipment Based on Resource-Conserving
Authors: Yang Xian Hai , Lv C.Y.
Published: August 2009

A new optimal technology and process of separating plastic from domestic waste was presented according to the recycling benefit. An optimal analysis modal was established and the recycling benefit was analyzed. The technique and process of plastic separation was studied. As a result, the investment is much less than that of the synthetic recycling treatment and the recycling benefit is also higher. Depending on optimal separating technique and process, it can reclaim plastic that has high recycling value to a maximum in 15 separating type. A mathematical model of the separating process was established, and the effect of some parameters such as wind speed, sloping angle of airflow on the separating rate was studied; with an optimal 15 m/s wind-speed horizontally and 14-degree blowing angle, so that the rate of separating plastic is over 85%. Therefore, the enterprises can realize persistent development for a long run without government allowances.
Research into the Variable Speed Pump Control System for Driving the Cutter Head of Shield Tunneling Machine
Authors: Xing Tong
Published: August 2009

The cutter head drive hydraulic system of φ1.8m simulate shield machine is introduced in this article, which has the variable speed pump control technique and the closed loop control method. The AMESim simulation model of the hydraulic system is built up, and the efficiency of the hydraulic system, speed control performance by open loop and closed loop control are analyzed. The result of the simulation shows that the variable speed pump control system has higher efficiency than the variable displacement pump control system about 4%-26% in the same condition when the cutter head speed is at the range of 0.5-4r/min, and the hydraulic system has good dynamic characteristics in closed-loop PID control.
A Novel Improved Genetic Algorithm and Application in Mechanical Optimal Design
Authors: Wang Zhong Min , Cai Yu Jun , Miao D.H.
Published: August 2009

A new improved genetic algorithm (IGA) based on floating point encoding is proposed. Firstly, IGA uses information entropy to produce better initialized species population. Secondly, after synthetically studying the searching properties of crossover operator in GA, it designs a new crossover strategy that effectively increases searching efficiencies of IGA. Thirdly, to avoid searching being trapped in local minimum, it designs a chaos degenerate mutation operator that makes the searching fast converge to a global minimum. At last IGA is used to solve the problem of the optimal design to crane girder, which is a typical problem of mechanical optimal design. Compared with the traditional random direction method, neural network method, genetic-neural network method, hybrid genetic algorithm, chaos-GA, PSO algorithm, chaos-PSO algorithm and standard GA, IGA shows better performance at the aspect of solution precision and convergence speed than that of these algorithms.
Applications of HLA on Platform of Complex Product’s Cooperative Design & Simulation
Authors: Lai Yi Nan , Liu Su Yan , Chen Yong Qiu
Published: August 2009

Take “Research on minitype universal autonomous docking mechanism” as an example, the paper studied on the platform of complex product’s cooperative design and simulation of mechanical field. The process of mechanical component design was introduced. The paper put forward the bottleneck problem in the design process of data transmission and gave the solution. A new method that uses HLA/RTI (High Level Architecture/Runtime Infrastructure) for function module communication was given. By using component technology and integrating all the function module of current commercial software based on the design process, this platform expands easily and the simulation sub-system can plug and play.