bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
1396 – Implementation Of The Integrated Plan Of Suicidal Behavior Prevention In The Republic Of Belarus For 2009–2012: The Main Results Ahieved
Authors: Igumnov S.A.
Published: July 2013

Objectives

The Integrated plan (IP) is an interdepartmental document in the implementation of which 25 relevant Ministries, departments, executive authorities and public organizations are involved. The coordinator and responsible executor is the Ministry of Health.

Aim

Of the IP to reduce the level of suicides among the population of the Republic of Belarus.

Methods

The main efforts are focused on the following areas: developing of normative documents regulating the rendering of aid to people in crisis situations; teaching the workers of educational, health and social institutions to identify depressions and suicidal signs at an early stage; implementation of multidisciplinary approach in rendering aid to patients in the crisis conditions; spreading information about the activity of suicide prevention services.

Results

As a result of implementation of the activities of the IP, already in 2010 it was observed that the overall number of suicides committed in Belarus reduced for 9.6% in comparison to 2009. In 2011 the rate of suicides reduced in comparison to 2010: in general population - for 12.3%, from 2478 to 2170 cases, with the relative rate lowering from 26.1 to 22.9 cases per 100.000 of population. The rates are minimal in the last 15 years.

Conclusions

The implementation of the Integrated Plan of suicidal behavior prevention in 2009-2011 allowed to stabilize the suicide situation and to reduce the rates of suicidal activity of the population.
1397 – Extreme Polypharmacy In a Patient With Schizophrenia
Authors: Agarwal S. , Agarwal N.K.
Published: July 2013

Introduction

Polypharmacy, involving anti-psychotic drugs as well as drugs for co-morbid conditions is common. We report a patient on 31 different medications involving taking at least 40 pills a day.

Objectives

To highlight the problem with excessive polypharmacy.

Aims

To report a case of extreme polypharmacy.

Methods

The medical and medication chart of one patient was reviewed due to extreme polypharmacy.

Results

The female patient aged 67 was on the following 32 medications: Fexofenadine 180 mg, Amlodipine 5 mg, Asprin 81 mg, Bupropion-XL 150 mg, Citalopram 10 mg, Citalopram 20 mg, Clobetasol 0.05% cream, Clonazepam 1 mg, Rosuvastatin 10 mg, Divalproex-ER 500 mg, Ferrous Sulphate 325 mg, Furosemide 20 mg, HC Valerate 0.2% cream, Ibandronate Sod 150 mg, Lamotrigine 100 mg, Levothyroxine 50 mcg, Losartan Pot 100 mg, Meloxicam 7.5 mg, Metoclopram 10 mg, Oxycod/Apap 5-325, Plavix 75 mg, Polyeth Glyc 3350 NF Powder, Pot. Cl Micro 20 Meq, Promethazine DM, Omeprazole 20 mg, Os Cal 500 plus D, Quetiapine Fum 200 mg, Quetiapine 300 mg, Multivitamin Stovite One,Trazodone 100 mg, and Vitamin D 400 units. Overall, the patient was taking 38 - 41 pills per day, oral liquid medication 2-5 per day and applying two lotions for a total of 4 times per day.

Conclusion

This case illustrates extreme polypharmacy. Although all medications may be clinically warranted, co-morbid conditions and seeing different specialists can result in runaway polypharmacy. Non-compliance, drug-drug interactions and serious side effects can result from extreme polypharmacy. The cure can potentially become a disease.
1400 – Rehabilitation May Be Helpful In Maintaining Ability To Work Among Depressive Adults
Authors: Tuulio-Henriksson A. , Autti-Rämö I.
Published: July 2013

Depressive disorders associate with loss of functional capacity and ability to work. Mental health rehabilitation programs are one means to help people suffering from depression to stay active in working life. We set out to examine whether rehabilitation helped persons with depression to remain at or return to work. We also investigated how their depression severity, functional capacity, self-reported working ability and health, quality of life, and cognitive functioning developed during the rehabilitation program. A one year group mental health rehabilitation program by six rehabilitation producers started in fall 2010. During the program, Individuals with depressive disorders were assessed in the start, middle and end of the rehabilitation year. The questionnaire included questions on mental and physical health, working situation, quality of life and cognitive resources, and the SOFAS was used to assess functional capacity. We report here the results of 58 subjects who have completed the one year rehabilitation. In the end of the rehabilitation course, the subjects reported less depressive symptoms in the BDI, less psychiatric distress in the GHQ, higher functional capacity, better self-reported working ability and quality of life, and fewer problems with memory, learning and concentration than in the start. Some of the subjects had found solutions to improve their working situation. A general experience was that the rehabilitation brought tools for life management.The results suggest that mental rehabilitation may improve functional capacity and cognitive resources as well as relieve depressive symptoms, which in turn may help in retaining the ability to work.
1403 – Hyperprolactinemia And Antipsychotic Use In Psychiatric Patients
Authors: Carvalho M. , Góis C.
Published: July 2013

Hyperprolactinemia is a common, but neglected, adverse effect of conventional and some atypical antipshycotics, such as risperidone, paliperidone, amisulpride and zotepine, usually known as “prolactin-raising” antipshycotics. It occurs in almost 42% of men and in 75% of women with schizophrenia taking risperidone and involves prolactin levels greater than 210-420 mUI/L and 210-520 mUI/L, respectively. Atypical antipsychotics such as clozapine, quetiapine, olanzapine, aripiprazole and ziprazidone have a minimal or no significant effect in prolactin levels, being known as “prolactin-sparing” antipsychotics.

This work aims to review the recent literature data concerning the management of the antipsychotic taking patients with hyperprolactinemia, regarding the clinical evaluation, differential diagnosis, therapeutic strategies and international recommendations.

With the exception of the “Maudsley Prescribing Guidelines” and the “National Collaborating Centre for Mental Health”, none of the current international psychiatric guidelines recommend a routine baseline prolactin determination, neither periodic prolactin levels without the presence of any hyperprolactinemia symptoms. These symptoms include gynaecomastia, galactorrhoea, menstrual irregularities, infertility, sexual dysfunction, acne and hirsutism.

Antipsychotic treatment is the most common cause of hyperprolactinemia in psychiatric patients, although it may also occur during the use of tricyclic and tetracyclic antidepressants, selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors and monoaminoxidase inhibitors, and in the presence of hyphotalamic and pituitary neoplasic disease.

Antipsychotic-induced hyperprolactinemia therapeutic strategies may include antipsychotic dosage reduction, switching to a “prolactin-sparing” antipsychotic or using a dopamine receptor agonist (bromocriptine, cabergoline or amantadine). Given the osteopenic/ osteoporosis risk, combined oral contraceptives must be considered in women in fertile age with amenorrhoea for a year.
1407 – Psychiatric Reform In Crete And Increasing Trend Of Involuntary Admissions
Authors: Stefanakis Z. , Basta M. , Sfakiotaki M. , Koutentaki E. , Koudas V. , Vgontzas A.N.
Published: July 2013

Introduction

Deinstitutionalization in Crete, as part of the psychiatric reform, resulted in the closure of the only psychiatric hospital of the island in 2006.

Objectives

To explore the trends of yearly involuntary admissions in the Psychiatric Department of the University Hospital of Crete (PD/UHC) (2008-2011), the only inpatient public unit to receive involuntary admissions in a region of 400,000 residents, and the profile of the patients admitted.

Aims

To find possible associations between the closure of the Psychiatric Hospital in Crete and the number of involuntary admissions.

Methods

We examined the records of total and involuntary admissions in PD/UHC between 2008–2011. In a subset of 400 inpatients admitted between Nov/2011 and Aug/2012, sociodemographic/psychopathology parameters were also examined. Statistical analysis was conducted with chi-square and regression analysis models.

Results

Yearly involuntary admissions have increased by 245% during a period of 4 years, with the number of total admissions having increased by 22%. Within the subset of patients admitted during the last year, involuntary admissions account for the 47% of total admissions. Mean age of patients was 41.3 ± 1.38 years. Chi-square tests showed that male gender, aggression and positive psychotic symptoms at admission, absence of spouse/children are associated with involuntary admissions. Multivariate analysis revealed significant correlations for male gender and aggression.

Conclusion

Deinstitutionalization, i.e. closure of the only psychiatric hospital in Crete, has resulted in a significant and marked increase of involuntary admissions, a fact that also reflects the lack of community services and infrastructure.
1414 – Interruption Of Anti Psychotic Treatment Of First Episode Psychosis Associated With a Five-fold Increased Risk Of Relapse
Authors: Elanjithara T. , Winton-Brown T. , McGuire P.
Published: July 2013

Introduction

Discontinuation of antipsychotic medication occurs in 40-55% of patients following first episode psychosis. It is only recently that the impacts of short periods of nonadherence in first episode psychosis are being understood.

Aim

To study the impact of short periods of interruptions in antipsychotic treatment in first episode psychosis.

Method

127 consecutive cases of first episode non-affective psychosis (F20-29 ICD-10) presenting to a specialist first episode psychosis service in South East London. Patients were interviewed at baseline by a researcher using the PANSS and other symptom scales at the start and at 18 months. Clinical notes were analysed using operational criteria set for recovery, exacerbation and relapse. Medication utilisation assessed using patient report and clinical notes to identify interruptions of ≥ 1 month in treatment.

Results

58% (n = 73) patients had a treatment break due to non-adherence in the follow up period. 18 patients had treatment break before first recovery and their time to recovery was significantly prolonged than those without a break (mean 210 days Vs 127 days, t = 2.9, P = 0.01). The odds of relapse was 5.4 for those with treatment break (≥ 1 month) compared to those without break (p = 0.0001, CI 2.1–11). About 40% relapses occurred in first month of treatment break and mean time to relapse was 3 months.

Conclusion

Antipsychotic treatment should be uninterrupted in the early stages of psychosis and periods of even short breaks in treatment carries risk of adverse outcome like longer time to recover and high risk of immediate relapse.
1418 – How Do The Genetic And Environmental Factor Influence The Mental Health Of Chongqing Twins Children
Authors: Fu Y. , Hou X. , Jia L. , Qin Q. , Meng H. , Li T.
Published: July 2013

Objectives

To estimate the heritability of mental health of children by using a twin design method of quantitative genetic analysis. To analysis the influences of family environment on children mental health.

Methods

Using cross-sectional design twins aged 6–16 years were recruited. Using SDQ(Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire)which was examined by parents (>=11)to evaluate the children mental health. The general questionnaire, FADGFS (General Functioning Scale of the MacMaster Family Activity Device), SLE (stressful life events), FSQ (Family Stresses Questionnaire), FLQ (Family Life Questionnaire), EFQ (Everyday Feelings Questionnaire) were used to collect information about family environment from parents. Zygosity was determined by the DNA picked up from cheek mucosa of twins children. Holzinger analysis was employed to estimate the heritability of mental health.

Results

122 pairs of twins (103 pairs DNA were picked up successfully, including 54 MZ and 49 DZ twin pairs.Heritability of mental health: emot (emotion): 0.86, hyper (hyperactivity): 0.75, total: 0.61, cond (conduct): 0.4, proso (prosocial): 0.12, peer (peer): −0.97. In twins family the score of FAD-GFS was significantly correlated with proso (r = −0.200), the score of FSQ, EFQ was significantly correlated with total (r = 0.206, −0.304), FLQ(include three factor) was significantly correlated with total, proso (r = − 0.472, 0.389; r = −0.277,.247; r = −0.298,0.364), the score of father authoritative parenting style was significantly correlated with total, proso r = −0.244,0.207 the score of mather authoritative parenting style was significantly correlated with total, proso r = −0.437, 0.342. The score of family cohesion was significantly correlated with total proso (r = −0.315,0.432), the score of family adaptability was significantly correlated with total, proso r = −0.359, 0.357.

Conclusion

Emotional problems were influenced by genetic factors most followed by inattention-hyperactivity problems and total difficulties environment factors play a main role in conduct problems and prosocial degree while peer problems were only influenced by environment factors. Each aspect of family environment influence children mental health differently.
1419 – Language Changes As An Important Psychopathological Phenomenon Of Mild Depression
Authors: Smirnova D. , Sloeva E. , Kuvshinova N. , Krasnov A. , Romanov D. , Nosachev G.
Published: July 2013

Objective

Difficulties in diagnostics of mild depressions are related to clinical interpretation of thought structure and content within depressive triad. Whereas nonverbal (motor) and affective components are similar to variations of normal sadness in healthy individuals, associative component reveals the most sensitive psychopathological finding being represented in definite language changes.

Methods

124 patients and 77 healthy controls, including 35 with normal sadness reactions, were observed. Speech (superficial, deep levels, Russian language) was studied using standardized psycholinguistic procedures. Statistical data evaluation included descriptive methodics, nonparametric analysis, mathematic modeling (discriminate analysis).

Results

Three clinical groups were formed upon to psychopathological subtypes (anxious, asthenic-hypodynamic, melancholic mild depressions). Leading hypotymic affect correlated with content of affective component, semantics of associative component, pronounced component of depressive triad and direction of the prevailing time representation.

Lexical-stylistic sublevel of speech demonstrated verbosity, narration dominated over reasoning, signs of oral speech, increased number of phraseologisms, tautologies, lexical and semantic repetitions, metaphors, comparisons, inversions, ellipsis. Lexical-grammer sublevel contained more pronouns of all types with the prevalence of personal pronouns, imperfective verbs in preferential past tense. Syntax-stylistic sublevel represented the prevalence of simple sentences (truncated, impersonal), inversive word order. Component analysis of speech demonstrated the qualitative distortion and reduction of semantic component.

Disruptions in structure and semantics of speech related to the most clinically pronounced thought disorder were presented in melancholic depression. Superficial level of speech was damaged mostly in asthenic-hypodynamic depression. Speech was similar to healthy controls and demonstrated the highest among subgroups cognitive adaptability level in anxious subtype.
1421 – Outpatient Depression Treatment - Comparative Analysis Of General Practitioner's, Psychiatrist's And Psychotherapist's Treatment Strategies
Authors: Bermejo I. , Kristion L. , Härter M.
Published: July 2013

Objective

To analyze the status quo of outpatient treatment of depression from general practitioner's, psychiatrist's and psychotherapist's point of view.

Method

Pooled analysis of the outpatient treatment of depression of general practitioners (n = 180), psychiatrists (n = 71), and psychotherapists (n = 160). Survey performed to uncover the clinical process the clinical process, the perceived obstacles, and subjective responsibilities.

Results

The diagnosis of all three groups was based primarily on their clinical impression, rather than on formal diagnosis criteria. The cooperation with the medical-psychotherapeutic sector was assessed more favorably than cooperation with the psycho-social sector.

Conclusions

Needs for improvements particularly regarding diagnoses and an interdisciplinary cooperation.
1424 – Postsecular Psychiatry
Authors: Pajević I.
Published: July 2013

The renaissance of religion and religious influence on secular events in the beginning of 21th century and postsecular atmosphere has launched a process of desecularization of psychiatry. It can best be seen through the changes in attitude towards spiritual and religious in the process of patients’ evaluation, quality of life assessment, respect for the spiritual needs of patients in the process of clinical treatment, and objective consideration of the phenomenon of religiosity by psychiatrists and other mental health professionals. Without the ambition to precisely explain and define this notion, the basic sketch of what a postsecular psychiatry is and what it is not will be outlined in this paper. The goal is to open a professional debate over the issue, which would contribute that psychiatry, despite the ongoing challenges and provocations, maintains its essence as a medical discipline and adequately respond to all the needs of its patients, including those related to spirituality and religion. Overcoming rigid secular framework, psychiatry becomes more human and more close to human. In this way, psychiatry does not lose its “scientific component” because the effects of spirituality, beliefs or religious practices on mental health can be scientifically investigated without crossing the boundaries between the natural and spiritual sciences. Although people often consider that science and religion contradict each other, these are by their very nature convergently moving towards the meeting point even if it is located at infinity.
1428 – Predictors Of Multidimensional Fatigue In General Population In Greece
Authors: Lyrakos G.N. , Spyropoulos I. , Xatziagelaki E. , Tinas C. , Kostopanagiotou G. , Spinaris V.
Published: July 2013

Introduction

Fatigue is of great clinical and investigational importance. It is a prevalent symptom in the general population and it is a central symptom in many diseases, while fatigue is considered a normal occurrence in daily life, it is also a symptom associated with a variety of physiological and psychological conditions.

Objectives

To compare levels of the various aspects of fatigue with sociodemografic characteristics in order to build a model explaining fatigue in general population.

Aims

To see if negative emotions are significant predictors of fatigue.

Methods

We conducted a survey in a random sample of 712 healthy adults (534 women and 169 men), using the Multidimensional Fatigue Inventory (MFI-20). Statistical analysis was conducted with SPSS 16 for windows. Multivariate linear regression analyses were performed to look for independent associations between the five domains of the MFI and the variables of interest.

Results

In general fatigue, stress (b = .217 p < .05) and satisfaction with life (b = -.143 p < .05) along with sex, education and PCS12 explained 47% of the variance. In reduced motivation stress (b = .246 p < .05) and depression (b = .266 p < .05) explained 34% of the variance. In mental fatigue, reduced activity and physical fatigue, only sociodemografic characteristics and health related quality of life had significant effect in the models.

Conclusions

A small part of fatigue in general population is explained from negative emotions, but a larger amount of the variance is explained by sex, education and age. Also limitations in day activities pay a significant role in the model of fatigue.
1430 – Dementia And Lower Blood Pressure In Seven Low And Middle Income Countries: The 10/66 Cross-sectional Surveys
Authors: Stewart R. , Lombardo F.L. , Albanese E.
Published: July 2013

Introduction

A relative decline in systolic blood pressure has been found to occur prior to and around the clinical onset of dementia but the reasons for this remain unclear.

Aims and objectives

In a large series of surveys carried out using identical methodology in populations with relatively low mean blood pressures we investigated the consistency of the association between dementia, dementia severity and resting blood pressure.

Methods

The analysed sample comprised 15,022 participants from eleven cross-sectional surveys carried out in seven low and middle income countries (Cuba, Dominican Republic, Peru, Venezuela, Mexico, China and India). Associations between dementia status (ascertained through a detailed assessment with extensive cross-cultural validation) and resting blood pressure were described for each sample and then compared in meta-analyses.

Results

In age- and sex-adjusted linear regression analyses, there was a high level of between-site heterogeneity in these associations (I-squared 60.2% for dementia and SBP). The only site with significant and consistent associations was Cuba (n=2944), the sample with highest mean systolic blood pressure, where dementia was associated with 7.9mmHg lower systolic blood pressure (95% CI 4.7-11.1) and 2.6mmHg lower diastolic blood pressure (95% CI 0.9-4.2). In general, associations between dementia and lower blood pressure were weak or absent in these surveys.

Conclusions

The association between dementia and low blood pressure, generally observed in Western settings was not observed in these populations with lower hypertension prevalence. These findings do not support a hypothesis that lower blood pressure in dementia is purely secondary to underlying neurodegeneration.
1432 – Single-prolonged Stress Induced Endoplasmic Reticulum - Dependent Apoptosis In The Hippocampus In The Rat Model Of Post-traumatic Stress Disorder
Authors: Han F. , Shi Y.
Published: July 2013

Background

Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a stress-related mental disorder caused by traumatic experience. Some studies showed low hippocampal volumes in PTSD patients. Our previous research indicated apoptosis induced such atrophy in the hippocampus. Endoplasmic reticulum stress -induced apoptosis has been implicated in the development of disorder diseases.

Aim

Our study was to reveal whether apoptosis induced by single-prolonged stress (SPS) in the hippocampus involved in Endoplasmic reticulum-related pathway through observation expression of three important apoptosis-related indicators on ER pathway: Glucose-regulated protein (GRP) 78; calcium/calmodulin/CaM kinaseIIα and caspase-12.

Methods

Wistar rats were killed at 1, 4 and 7 days after exposure to SPS. The apoptotic cells in the hippocampus were assessed by TUNEL method and the free intra¬cellular Ca2+ concentration was measured. Immunohistochemistry, western blotting and RT-PCR were used to detection expression of GRP78, Ca2+/Calmodulin/ CaM kinase IIα and caspase-12.

Results

Our results showed that apoptosis exactly occurred in hippocampus of SPS rats. Both GRP78 and Caspase-12 were significantly up-regulated during early PTSD. They reached peak in the 4 days and then returned to normal levels in 7 days after SPS. The free intra¬cellular Ca2+ concentration was significantly higher in 1 day after SPS and decreased in 7 days; However, CaM expression significantly increased, while CaMKIIα expression significantly decreased in the hippocampus 1 day after SPS.

Conclusion

SPS induced the change of GRP78, Ca2+ and caspase-12 in the hippocampus of PTSD rat, indicating that the endoplasmic reticulum pathway was involved in the process of SPS-induced apoptosis.
1433 – Study On The Influence Of Genetic And Environmental Factor On Personality Of Chongqing Twins Children
Authors: Fu Y. , Hou X. , Qin Q. , Jia L. , Meng H. , Li T.
Published: July 2013

Objective

To estimate the heritability of personality of children by using a twin design method of quantitative genetic analysis. To analysis the influences of family environment on children personality.

Methods

EPQ(Eysenck Personality questionnaire) applying on twins children aged 6-16years to evaluate the children personality.

The general questionnaire, PSDQ Parenting Style and Dimension Questionnaire, FAD-GFS(The General Functioning Scale of the MacMaster Family Activity Device), SLE(stressful life events), FSQ(Family Stresses Questionnaire), FLQ(Family Life Questionnaire), EFQ(Everyday Feelings) were used to collect information about family environment from parents. Zygosity was determined by the DNA picked up from cheek mucosa of twins children. Holzinger analysis was employed to estimate the heritability of mental health.

Results

122 pairs(244 children) of twins (103 twin pairs DNA were picked up successfully), including 54 MZ twin pairs and 49 DZ twin pairs.The heritability of personality:N(Extrovision-Introvision):0.71,P(Psychoticism):0.56,L(Lie):0.43,E(Neuroticism):0.07.

In twins family educated-year of father was significantly correlated with EPQ-E,EPQ-N(r = 0.167,0.145);educated-year of mather was significantly correlated with EPQ-N(r = -0.145);the score of FAD-GFS was significantly correlated with EPQ-E(r = - 0.235);FLQ was significantly correlated with EPQ-n(r = 0.356);the score of father authoritative parenting style was significantly correlated with EPQ-p r = -0.196 ;the score of mather authoritative parenting style was significantly correlated with EPQ-e r = 0.230. the score of family cohesion was significantly correlated with EPQ-n(r = 0.198).

Conclusion

Emotional problems were influenced by genetic factors most followed by inattention-hyperactivity problems and total difficulties environment factors play a main role in conduct problems and prosocial degree while peer problems were only influenced by environment factors. Each aspect of family environment, influence children personality and mental differently.
1442 – Severity Of Aggression In a Forensic In-patient Hospital In Denmark: Using The Staff Observation Aggression Scale - Revised (soas-r)
Authors: Reinhardt S.M. , Hansen N.W.
Published: July 2013

Aim

To illustrate the targets and the severity of the aggressive incidents in a forensic psychiatric setting.

Material and method

The study was conducted in a forensic psychiatric setting at Psychiatric Centre Sankt Hans. It utilizes data from the three year period between 2008 and 2010. Staff Observation Aggression Scale Revised (SOAS-R) is used to examine all aggressive incidents during the period mentioned.

Results

212 patients were admitted between 2008 and 2010. The majority being mainly men (98.6 %) with a diagnosis within ICD10 F20-F29 (79.7 %). In total there were 1507 recorded aggressive incidents of whom 63.2 % were registered with at least one aggressive incident. The most prevalent trigger of aggression was related to patients being denied something (45.9 %) and the staff is the primary target of the aggressions in 64.4 % of the incidents.

Mean severity score we found to be 10.12 (SD 4.84). According to the severity of the aggressions, we found 61.5 % of the reported incidents, with a severity score ≤ 9, symbolizing more severe aggression. We found abusive patient to be significantly more aggressive (OR 3.47 p = < 0.001), but no difference in the severity score between the abusive patient and the non- abusive patient was found (p = 0.28).

Conclusion

Aggression is a prevalent phenomenon in a forensic psychiatric setting in Denmark. The Majority of the aggressive incidents are characterized by being severe, but not necessarily related to abuse. The staff was the primary target of the aggressions.
1447 – Anxiety Disorders In Patients At The Beginning Of The Dialysis
Authors: Novakovic M.P. , Maksimovic Z. , Despotovic V. , Savkovic D. , Mitric M. , Mijatovic S.
Published: July 2013

Introduction

Anxiety is a primary symptom in conditions of indefinite fear. Aim of the study is to objectivise the initial fear in patients who decided to take part in a chemo dialysis program because they suffer from chronic renal insufficiency (CRI) N:18.

Method

In the study we examine 753 patients with CRI and who are in the program of chronic haemodialysis in Bosnia and Herzegovina (B&H) in the period 2001. g do 2010. g. The first group consists of patients with Balkan Endemic Nephropathy - BEN n = 348, and control group consists of n = 405 patients with other diagnoses of renal insufficiency (N18). The study is designed as a comparative study. Statistical analysis was done using descriptive and analytical methods.

Results

Socio-demographic data show highly significant difference according to the place of residence between the BEN and N18 groups (c2 = 23.970) P < 0.01, difference in the incidence of renal comorbidity (c2 = 23.970) P < 0.01, family renal comorbidity (c2 = 23.970) P < 0.01, and migrations (c2 = 4.874) P < 0.01. BAI scale has highly significant differences between the two groups P < 0.001, and they are different by the degrees of incidence and significant by variables. HAMD scale has a group significance P < 0.001, and variables point to somatization, general anxiety and depression which is confirmed by general weakness of mental functioning - MMSE.

Conclusion

Anxiety appears in all tested dialysed patients. Structured anxiety with depression results in presuicidal risk
1452 – Perimenopausal Depression: a Review
Authors: Sesma E. , Finkle J. , Gonzalez-Torres M.A. , Gaviria M.
Published: July 2013

Introduction

From adolescence, women have a 1.5 to 3 times higher risk than men of suffering from a depressive disorder. This risk increases in middle-aged of the life and even more in the transition period to menopause or perimenopause, when the depressive vulnerability becomes especially intense.

Objectives

To know more about depression in perimenopause.

Aims

To provide practitioners with accurate information about this condition thus helping to better recognition and treatment.

Methods

a selective literature review on the topic is performed.

Results

Hormonal, psychological and sociocultural factors have been suggested to understand the etiopathogeny of this condition. Treatment of depression in perimenopause is determined by the clinical severity and includes antidepressants, psychotherapy, and sometimes, hormone replacement therapy with estrogens.

Conclusions

Perimenopausal depression is an underdiagnosed and poorly treated problem, which generates a high level of suffering and deserves greater attention by clinicians and health systems.
1453 – Depression And Methadone Maintenance Treatment
Authors: Andrijevic M. , Paunovic Manic M. , Seslija K. , Bivolarevic S. , Miskovic M.
Published: July 2013

Aims

Study followed appearance and treatment of depressive disorder at the patients with opiates dependency on methadone maintenance treatment.

Methods

Presenting frequency, time of appearance and pharmacology treatment of depressive disorder. Depression was verified by psychological testsing. Applied technics were: interview, MMPI, PIE, Mahover test, WAIS, Rorschach test.

Results

The study covered 154 patients on methadone maintenance treatment. 45 (29%) patients had depressive disorder which required pharmacology treatment. Illness was more frequent at female patients comparing with male (35% to 27%). Patients mostly started to use antidepresive drugs approximately three months after they had stopped with heroine use. Sertaline was a drug of first choice used in 30 patients, then Fluoxetine in 7 patients. Improvement of patients’ condition has been indicated by patients’ own reports, higher level of their functionality (social, working functionality) and retest results (lower T score of D scale, MMPI; lower score of emocional dimension Deprivation, PIE).

Conclusion

Significant appearance of depression was noticed in heroine users on methadone maintenance treatment. Illness was usually diagnosed in period of stabilization, after establishing heroin abstinence. So it is recommended to pay attention on patients in period of stabilization and treat with antidepresives if it is necessary.

Jeff W, Richard P. M, Wayne H. Methadone maintenance treatment and other opioid replacement therapies, 1997.

Domenic A. C, Richard I S, Pharmacotherapy of Depression, 2008.
1454 – Relationship Of Life Skills And Self -esteem Development With Test Anxiety And School Performance In Female Students
Authors: Maleki F.
Published: July 2013

The purpose of the current research was to study the relationship of life skills and self-esteem development with test anxiety and school performance in female students in the schools of Babol city in Mazandaran province. The sample size of the research involved 150 students selected by random cluster sampling.

Participants were asked to answer Questionnaire on Life Skills and Self-Esteem Inventory by Cooper Smith and Test Anxiety Inventory by Sarrason while their previous term average(mean scores) was considered as a criterion for their school performance. Results of the research showed that there was a significant correlation between part of the factors embedded in Life Skills and Test Anxiety Inventory. Also, significant correlations between self-esteem and test anxiety and self-esteem and life skills were observed. However, no significant link was found between self-esteem and school performance. Furthermore, results from step by step regression testing revealed that only self-esteem made a significant contribution as a predicting factor to test anxiety as compared to another variable, namely life skills.
1457 – Multiple Sclerosis, Psychosis And The Use Of Interferon Beta 1a: a Rare Clinical Case
Authors: Ramos J.A. , Costa A.M.
Published: July 2013

Introduction

Multiple Sclerosis (MS) is an inflammatory demyelinating disease that affects the white matter of the central nervous system. It’s more frequent in women. The disease has clinical heterogeneity, but initial neuropsychiatric symptoms are common (60%). If these symptoms are not present at the onset, they will certainly develop throughout the course of the disease.

Objectives

To describe the case of a central hospital psychiatric inpatient and it’s comparison with the international available literature.

Methods

Retrospective analysis of the clinical process.

Case report

Woman, 51 years old, functioning until 3 months ago. Hospitalized for behavioral changes with heteroaggressiveness (verbal and physical) and psychomotor agitation. History of relapsing-remitting type MS with 10 years of evolution, treated with 44μg Interferon beta 1a (subcutaneous). To the mental examination she presented with uncooperative and suspicious attitude, dysphoric and delusional mood, changes in thought content with auto-referential/persecutory delusions and delusional interpretations. The extended analytical study, CE-CT and MRI were not altered, as were the Internal Medicine and Neurology evaluations. There was complete regression of symptoms after Interferon beta 1a suspension and maintenance of low-dose neuroleptic.

Conclusion

This is a rare case of psychotic disorder secondary to the use of interferon beta 1a in patients with MS. The rarity of this case is well patented as there is no published report of psychosis secondary to use of subcutaneous formulation, although it is known that psychiatric symptoms may occur in less than 1% of patients using this drug.
1461 – Interculturality In The Clinic Of Crisis Situations: An Essential Meeting Space
Authors: Nyegue Freddy F.
Published: July 2013

If the contemporary clinic increasingly tends to pay a particular attention to the requirements of interculturality, the clinic of crisis situations is also clearly dependent on the variation in the intersubjective encounter between the clinician and the patient. From that moment, considering the case of a clinic of psyche, based only on the medical practice act becomes a pure challenge, especially when we intervene for the benefit of the population from other part of the world (others). Being from the culture of a given society and having an emergency practice in a foreign culture, brings us to consider the banishment of intersubjective barriers. Without that, would the notion of interculturality make sense? We hypothesize that the clinic of psyche would not be effective until a real encounter between the clinician and the patient came out. In that case, it does not mean only transfer.

Objectives

We want to envisage the possibility of an intercultural clinic devoid of any theoretical rigidity.

Method

We have based our research on the cathartic method in a way that constitutes the basic of the psychoanalytic clinic.

Result

The research will have permit us to address the theoretical and practical requirements under cover of a particular clinic, based on the principle of interculturality.

Conclusion

Our clinical experience in Rwanda within the framework of the post-genocidal trauma clinic will have permit us to demonstrate the way in which relevant elements sometimes appear unexpectedly. Those meetings have an essential value where cultural difference made clinical work doubtful.
1463 – Sociodemographical And Psychopathological Characteristics To Differenciate Suicide By Burning From Accidental And Criminal Burning: a 11 Years Retrospective Study
Authors: Laborderie S. , Saint-Martin P. , Prat S.
Published: July 2013

Introduction

Suicide by burning is considered like a violent suicide mechanism.

In our western countries, suicide by burning is relatively rare. But the number of cases seems to increase.

Objectives

It is important to be able to differenciate suicidal, accidental and criminal burning. It could help physicians, particularly when a patient try to dissimulate a self immolation.

Aims

The aim of our study is to find criterias which can differenciate suicidal, accidental and criminal burning.

Methods

We collected all the cases of burning related deaths and burning wounds in alive patients, treated at the Forensic Department of the University Hospital Center of Tours, France, at the request of the Prosecutor, between 2000 and 2011. The aspects of death (suicidal, accidental, or criminal) were done by the police officers. In each case we studied sociodemographic and psychopathological datas.

Results

We collected 53 cases, divided into three groups : accident (25), suicide (18), and crime (10). Mean age was 43,9. In cases of accidental burning, 73% had a psychiatric history, and 50% an alcohol abuse. In all these cases of suicide by burning, depression is the major diagnostic (69%).

Conclusion

In cases of accidental burning, we defined two specific groups. In cases of criminal burning, the victimes were aged between 20 and 40, and under alcohol during the offense. In cases of suicide by burning, the mean age is about 48, principally men, who use violent suicide methods. They have generally a documented psychiatric history.
1464 – Is Electroconvulsive Theraphy The End Of The Line?
Authors: Ramos J.A. , Costa A.M.
Published: July 2013

Introduction

Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) was introduced in 1938 by Cerletti and Beni. This technique uses a small electrical current to produce a generalized seizure, under general anesthesia. In clinical practice, it is mainly used to treat refractory cases to previous treatment approaches. One of its main indications is major depressive episode, but it is also indicated for other conditions as severe manic phase, marked suicidal ideation, and schizophrenia.

Objective

To describe the case of a central hospital psychiatric inpatient and it’s comparison with the international available literature.

Methods

Retrospective analysis of clinical process.

Case report

Woman, 53 years old, psychiatric outpatient since she was 17, with a history of several hospitalizations since 2006, due to an affective disorder, transversely not clarified. She was functional until her last hospitalization for Major Depressive Episode. Over the last year, there was progressive worsening with deliroid ideas of ruin and somatic plus almost total inability to daily living activities. These symptoms were refractory to all therapeutic approaches, both pharmacological and psychotherapeutic. She underwent ECT, in a reference center with remission of those symptoms, being the patient functional at this moment.

Conclusion

Although throughout history ECT is embroiled in controversy, according to international bibliography, this is a technique of great therapeutic relevance and precise indications. It is noteworthy, that has been shown to be an effective and safe treatment for many psychiatric disorders, especially in cases refractory to other treatments, as evidenced by this case report.
1466 – Complementary And Alternative Medicines (cams) In Psychiatry: The Opinion Of Mental Health Professionals
Authors: Visentini C. , Landi G. , Spattini L. , Mattei G. , Soli M. , Solignani G. , Tedeschini E. , Ferrari S.
Published: July 2013

Background

In a demographic survey in 2005, 13.6% of Italians admitted to have taken CAMs during the 3 years before. A study on hospitalized patients for psychiatric reasons highlighted that 63% of them used CAM in the previous year and 79% did not mention this to their psychiatrists.

Objective

To collect the opinions about the use of CAMs in psychiatry among a group of psychiatrists and nurses working in a Mental Health Centre.

Aim

To investigate knowledge, opinions and experiences on CAMs.

Methods

A mixed qualitative-quantitative method was used: 2 focus groups were conducted in June 2011, involving 12 professionals of one Mental Health Community Centre in Modena, Italy. The audio-recordings of the focus groups were analyzed by 2 researchers, who identified the main themes with an inductive method. The participants were finally asked to fill in a respondent validation questionnaire.

Results

Four main themes were developed:

1)

advantages, and

2)

disadvantages in the use of CAMs,

3)

patients’ and own experiences,

4)

variety of therapies under the CAM acronym.

Among the pros, 75% of respondents agreed that CAMs allow a better global approach to the patient, 58% that CAMs may improve quality of life, 66% that conventional psychiatric therapies do not solve every situation. As to disadvantages, some professionals (medical doctors) expressed skepticism on CAMs.

Conclusions

Being realistic, open-minded and ready to listen and cooperate: this could be the best attitude towards patients who take CAMs.
1467 – Symptoms Of Depression, Anxiety And Stress In Patients With Thalassemia In a Greek Transfusion Center
Authors: Lyrakos G.N. , Drossou- Servou M. , Vini D. , Aslani H. , Spinaris V.
Published: July 2013

Introduction

Thalassemia is an inherited blood disorder that requires lifelong adherence to a complicated and burdensome medical regimen which could potentially impact emotional functioning of patients.

Objectives

To assess the prevalence of depression, anxiety and stress symptoms in adult patients with thalassemia.

Aims

To explore possible demographic, medical, and psychosocial correlates of these symptoms.

Methods

117 patients (19-61 years old, M age = 37.2Plusmn;9.3; 63% female) took part in the study. Depression, anxiety stress scale (DASS) was used along with SF12 for health related quality of life and a questionnaire about sociodemographic characteristics. Statistical analysis was performed with SPSS 16.

Results

Severe depressive symptoms were found in 17 patients (15%), anxiety symptoms in 11(9.6%) and stress symptoms in 35(30.2%). Sex, age, education, marital status and income had no significant correlation with anxiety and stress. In depression there was a significant difference between single and married patients (x2=6.990 p< .05), with 58.8% of single patients suffering from more depressive symptoms. Higher stress symptoms had a significant correlation with symptoms severity (r=.452 p< .001) and the present socioeconomic situation in Greece (r=.632 p< .001).

Conclusions

Given these findings, regular screening for anxiety stress and depression symptoms could help to identify at-risk patients to provide them with appropriate psychological support with the goal of improving emotional health.
1468 – Is Depression a More Frequent Comorbid Condition In Family Practice?
Authors: Popa Nedelcu A. , Popa Nedelcu E. , Popa Nedelcu M. , Manea M.
Published: July 2013

Health is defined as the state characterized by a physical, psychological and social wellbeing. In the primary care practice - Individual Medical Practice Popa-Nedelcu Eusebiu MD, 80 patients with various types of depression were identified within 6 months, out of a database of approximately 4000 patients. The aforementioned 80 patients, aged between 35 and 88, were divided into 2 groups: 54 patients with depression and comorbid chronic conditions and 26 patients with depression, without comorbid chronic conditions.Each subject included in the study was assessed with 3 questionnaires: MADRS, M.I.N.I., General Assessment of Functioning (GAF).

Results

The incidence of the depressive disorder in the studied time frame was 2%, and female gender subjects were more frequently involved. MADRS scores were significantly higher (scores higher than 30) in patients with depression associated with chronic conditions (cardiac, oncological, respiratory). The most frequent condition associated with depression was arterial hypertension (38%). Both MADRS scores, and GAF scores were influenced by antidepressant therapy. Patients under long- term treatment due to medical comorbid condition (74%) have a less satisfactory evolution and prognosis than those without somatic comorbid condition.

Conclusions

Depression has a too large incidence in primary care. Family physicians need to be familiar with the features and monitoring of antidepressant therapy, as therapeutic compliance is the sine-qua-non prerequisite of remission and relapse prevention in depressive disorder.

The severity, prognosis and evolution of patients with depression are more reserved in those with associated medical conditions, than in those without co-occuring conditions.
1471 – Emotional Disorders In Young Persons With Psychosomatic Diseases: Pathogenesis-based Psychotherapy
Authors: Korostiy V.
Published: July 2013

Introduction

Anxiety and depressive disorders may provoke its appearance and also lead to recurrence of psychosomatic diseases (PSD).

Objectives

In 956 young people with psychosomatic diseases (bronchial asthma (BA), with peptic ulcer of the stomach and duodenum (PU) and arterial hypertension (AH)) investigated the clinical features of the structure and formation of emotional disorders in young persons with psychosomatic diseases.

Aims

Pathogenetically substantiated system of forecasting and theirpsychological adjustment and medical and psychological rehabilitation of these patients, based on a systematic approach to evaluating the clinical features of the structure and formation of emotional disorders in young persons with psychosomatic illnesses.

Methods

Clinical-psychopathological, psychodiagnostical.

Results

In the clinical structure of emotional disorders (ED) dominated depressive disorders (43,4 ±2,2%) and anxiety disorders (25,1 ±1,2%). In patients with asthma significantly more frequently met panic disorder, agoraphobia, isolated phobia in patients with hypertension in many cases found generalized anxiety disorder (p < 0,01). Identified pathogenetically significant clinical, biological, psychological and psychosocial factors in the development of ED in young people with PSD. Pathogenetic role of psychological characteristics in the development of EP in patients with PSD determined by a combination of psychological traits: aleksytymia, low productivity of psychological defense, low predictive ability, high levels of aggression and hostility (p < 0,05).

Conclusions

Developed and implemented in practice the system of psychotherapy and medical and social rehabilitation of patients with PSD, which confirmed the effectiveness of data of observation after 12 month.