bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The last Councillors of State before the Dynastic Change (1699). Introduction = Los últimos consejeros de Estado antes del cambio dinástico (1699). Introducción
Authors: Pilo Rafaella , Storrs Christopher
Published: December 2018

Introducción al monográfico de ETF IV 2018
Reseña de: Santiago Fernández, Javier de, Política monetaria y moneda en el reinado de Carlos I
Authors: López Villalba José Miguel
Published: December 2018

Santiago Fernández, Javier de, Política monetaria y moneda en el reinado de Carlos II, Madrid, UNED / Ediciones Complutense, 2018, 296 pp., ISBN: 978-84-362-7353-3 (UNED); 978-84-669-3572-2 (Ediciones Complutense)
Reseña de: Benavides Martínez, Juan José, De milicianos del rey a soldados mexicanos. Milicias y sociedad en San Luis Potosí (1767-1824)
Authors: Alonso Acero Beatriz
Published: December 2018

Benavides Martínez, Juan José, De milicianos del rey a soldados mexicanos. Milicias y sociedad en San Luis Potosí (1767-1824), Madrid, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas/Universidad de Sevilla/Diputación de Sevilla, 2014, 410 pp., isbn: 978-84-00-09834-6.
Aminoácidos, minerais, vitaminas e a saúde do casco dos bovinos
Authors: Queiroz Paulo José Bastos , Assis Bruno Moraes , Silva Danilo Conrado , Dantas Aline Vanessa Estrela , Rabelo Rogério Elias , Silva Luiz Antônio Franco da
Published: December 2018

As doenças digitais ocasionam grandes prejuízos à bovinocultura, pois causam dor e resultam em claudicação que, por sua vez, promove redução do bem-estar animal e compromete a produtividade. As afecções podais em bovinos também ocasionam prejuízos relacionados a gastos com tratamento medicamentoso e cirúrgico, redução da fertilidade e descarte precoce de animais. A estrutura e a qualidade do casco dependem de um adequado processo de queratinização, que é influenciado pelo satisfatório suprimento de nutrientes como aminoácidos, lipídios, vitaminas e minerais. A deficiência de nutrientes importantes para a formação do estojo córneo promove síntese de tecido queratinizado de baixa qualidade e com maior suscetibilidade a danos químicos, físicos e microbianos. Dessa forma, a nutrição é importante para a formação de um estojo córneo resistente e, também, para a redução da incidência de doenças digitais em bovinos. Diante disso, objetivou-se com o presente artigo fazer uma revisão sobre a implicação dos aminoácidos, minerais e vitaminas para a saúde do casco bovino.
PROMOTING RHEMA TOURS AND TRAVEL’S HOLYLAND TOURS USING A MARKETING BOOKLET
Authors: Puspita Natania , Ibrahim Jusuf I
Published: December 2018

Rhema Tours and Travel is a travel agency located in Jalan Jemursari 234A that specializes in Christian pilgrimage trips. It offers tours to Israel, Jordan, Egypt, and Europe. There were only a few people who know about Rhema Tours and Travel. This is probably due to ineffective promotional tools. Rhema Tours and Travel had brochures and company profiles to promote their Holy-land tours. However, those promotional tools are not very effective since they did not highlight the uniqueness of Rhema’s Holy Land Tours. Therefore, I made a marketing booklet to serve as an effective promotional tool that can promote Rhema’s Holy Land tours to customers by highlighting its uniqueness.
PROJECT: SCREENPLAY FINDING ANDY
Authors: Hendrata Timothy , Basuki Ribut
Published: December 2018

This paper is about my screenplay entitled Finding Andy which I use as my final project. The screenplay itself is a story about a teenage girl who wants to improve her family’s poor communication. For my theory, I use John Gottman’s “The Four Horsemen of the Apocalypse Model” about family conflict. The theory helps me to shape my characters’ behavior towards each others. Since my characters has better relationship even though the brother dies in the end, I tend to use the worst level of family conflict in the beginning of the story and it gradually changes into successful communication which leads to good relationship. The theory helps me to give example of family’s poor communication to the audiences. I also do an observation on some families with poor communications and Rangkah Rejo neighborhood in Eastern Surabaya to build the setting’s circumstances. From this creative work, I expect that it is made into films, like what screenplay is for, so that the audiences realize that this kind of family exists.
THE SPEECH STYLES USED BY ERIN GRUWELL IN FREEDOM WRITERS MOVIE
Authors: Setiawan Elma Ariella , Kuntjara Esther H
Published: December 2018

This study focused on the gendered speech styles namely; male speech styles and female speech styles used by Erin Gruwell in the Freedom Writers movie and the changes that can be perceived from her use of gendered speech styles. Based on the writer’s descriptive qualitative approach analysis on the data, she found out that the teacher uses both male speech styles and female speech styles along 15 class scenes. She used Co-operative feature of female speech styles and Aggressive feature of male speech styles as her dominant feature which were used in each class scene. However, the writer could not find any gradual changes from the teacher’s use of speech styles. Therefore, the teacher’s changes in using speech styles did not seem to correlate with the students’ changes in the attitude towards the teacher.
A STANDARD OPERATING PROCEDURE VIDEO FOR DAUNI SPA AND BEAUTY HOUSE TO STANDARDIZE ITS THERAPISTS’ SERVICE QUALITIES
Authors: Sandria Debry Yusi , Ibrahim Jusuf I
Published: December 2018

Dauni Spa, the company where I did my internship, provides spa treatment, sauna, and salon service. During my internship at Dauni Spa, I found there are various practices of massage techniques performed by the therapists that lead to inconsistency in the service qualities. This problem certainly resulted in unsatisfactory treatment because the customers would not be satisfied to receive inconsistent service quality. Aside from this problem, many newly-recruited therapists did not know the standard procedures of massage in Dauni Spa while they needed to start working very soon. Therefore, I intend to make a standard operating procedure (SOP) video as a solution to the problems. For the newly recruited therapists, the SOP video can give effective and efficient instructions of the standard procedures in Dauni Spa. For the old therapists, this video works as a standard service quality that should be put into practice by all therapists. The basic content of this video is the procedures of the massage and a little background information about Dauni Spa. From this video, there are some benefits that Dauni Spa can get. It can complete the written SOP that they have, cut down the cost of a trainer, and bring a good impact to the customers’ satisfaction.
The Concept of Happiness in Djarum 76 “Yang Penting Hepii..”
Authors: Saputra Fredy Dwi
Published: December 2018

This thesis mainly deals with the process of signification and metaphor in order to reveal the concept of happiness in Djarum 76 video commercial with its tagline “Yang Penting Hepii..”. The focus of the writer’s analysis is the verbal and visual expression in the video commercial as the writer uses Barthes’s process of signification and Lakoff’s and Johnson’s theory of metaphor in analysing the data. Those Barthes’s, Lakoff’s and Johnson’s theories helped the writer analyse the use of verbal and visual expression in the advertisement, then, figured out the concept of happiness in Djarum 76 video commercial. The writer analyses a video commercial  of  Djarum  76  entitled  “Jangkrik”. This  research  used  descriptive qualitative approach to describe the concept of happiness in the video commercial of Djarum 76. From the analysis, the writer found out that the video commercial of Djarum 76 uses process of signification to associate happiness with laughter. In doing so, Djarum 76 used verbal expression to build the patterned plot while the visual expression pictures elements of happiness within each videos to evoke laughter. In conclusion, the use of verbal and visual expression is aimed to make the audiences laugh which then associated with happiness.
Cheated: The Psychoanalysis on a Transgender Person
Authors: Lorentia Helena
Published: December 2018

This creative works tells a story about a husband who hides his true identity from his wife. He is actually a transgender person who has a desire to be a woman, but he represses his desire and tries to live as a man. I choose the transgender topic because there are a lot of transgender people around us who repress their true sexuality because of the society norms and beliefs. Therefore, my story wants to explore more on this topic with the help of the theory of defense mechanism by Freud to explain why and how the husband represses his sexuality, and to explain the effects caused by the repression. The story is presented through the drama and psychological thriller genre to suit the style of the creative work which focuses on the psychological state of the main characters and the complexity within them,
Kidnap: Exploring Guilt and Its Impacts towards Individuality
Authors: Yosodiharyo Indah Sari
Published: December 2018

Crime films usually focus on solving criminal cases or exploring the victim’s story. This creative work that I make, however, follows the story of a criminal who is given a mission to kidnap the successor of a wealthy CEO but mistakenly kidnaps another person instead. He is captured in a dilemma whether to let her go, and his situation gets worse when he is given a new order to kill her. The story revolves around the criminal as the true motive is revealed. With the boundary of good and bad being questioned, this work hopefully reminds people to be less judgmental towards others. The theme in this work is how guilt changes a person’s personality and way of thinking. The psychology of guilt is used for the main theory in this work. The story is presented through the genre psychological suspense, which normally focuses on a crime and its complexity.
Verbal and Non-Verbal Communication in Product Placement “Descendants of the Sun”
Authors: Alexander Jonatan
Published: December 2018

This study is intended to find out the meaning behind verbal and non-verbal communication in product placement in Korean drama, Descendant of the Sun. Conducting this study, I apply the theory process of signification proposed by Saussure (1974) and Chandler (2007) and Kinesics proposed by Birdwhistell (1970). The subject of this study is verbal and non-verbal communication in product placement in Korean drama Descendants of the Sun. The data was collected through video media from AsianNet.com and several resources. The findings of this study showed that verbal and non-verbal communication in drama DOTS creates the meaningful messages to its viewers. The findings also show that almost everything in the product placement, possibly have communicative purpose to its viewers. This study also found that non-verbal expressions are generally used to support the verbal communication and it is central to interpersonal relations because non-verbal cues are generally important in emotional communication. On the other hand, verbal communication is central to official or formal relationship. Moreover, the verbal and non-verbal communication in product placement mainly have communicative purpose to encourage, inform, persuade even change the opinion to its viewers to buy, use and know more about the products and services.
Picturing the Boundary Between Good and Bad: The Lighting, Framing, and Camera Movement of “Kidnap”
Authors: Tedjorahardjo Christa Azalia
Published: December 2018

This creative work is a cinematography report from the screenplay “Kidnap” by Indah Sari Y. The story tells about a criminal who is given a mission to kidnap the daughter of a deceased wealthy CEO, however the Man realized that he mistakenly kidnapped the wrong person. He is caught in the dilemma whether or not to let her go, yet his situation only gets worse when he is given the order to kill her. The cinematography of this film aims to convey the story and message that the director envisioned. Moreover, it aims to portray characterization through various elements of cinematography such as framing, lighting, and camera movement. It also intents to manipulate tone and mood through those cinematographic elements. To further understand the cinematography of this film, three main theories are used: low-key lighting, head-room and lead-room, and handheld camera movement. These theories are to help the cinematographer to convey the genre of psychological suspense, with the subgenre of crime drama. An in-depth analysis in this report will talk in details about how cinematography achieved the desired effects towards characterization, mood, and tone.
The Marginalized Representation of the Bond’s Girls in Selected James Bond Movies
Authors: Tjioe Vincent
Published: December 2018

In James Bond movies, there is a formula that becomes the characteristics of the movies. This formula is the pinnacle/basic story plot of the James Bond series. In all of the movies, there are always what so-called Bond’s girls. The Bond’s girls cannot be separated from the plot as they are one of the most famous features of the movies, besides the advance gadget. The Bond’s girls are the formula of the Bond series. They always appear to help James Bond during his duties. Although their roles are always helping James Bond, it often happens that James Bond saves them instead. This attract my attention in analyzing why, in James Bond series, women are represented in such a marginalized way despite their pivotal role. Through my analysis on the four latest James Bond series, I want to reveal the reason behind the marginalized representation of women in James Bond movies. In the analysis, by using theory of representation and encoding/decoding, I find out that they are being poorly, as well as intentionally and marginally represented. They are often sexually objectified. My findings show that the Bond’s girls are represented as dependent, semi strong/ignorant, sexual object, and weak/damsel. These traits are the reflection of how the society views women. Through that kind of representation, James Bond becomes the center of attention. He appears as a better hero because of the Bond’s girls, that is, he saves them all whenever they are in troubles.
Teacher’s Belief of Motivational Strategies Implemented in ABC Course Sidoarjo
Authors: Raharjo Anettia
Published: December 2018

A motivational strategy is seen as an important factor in learning language. This study was conducted to find out teacher’s beliefconcerning motivational strategiesand motivational strategies used by the teacher in the Basic 1 class of ABCcourse. The theory applied in this study was motivational strategies by Dörnyei (2001). This study used qualitative approach. The data were the answers from the teacher’s interview and questionnaire and also teacher’s utterances and gestures in the classroom related to motivational strategies. In order to collect the data of the study, the writer used three instruments: interview, questionnaire, and classroom observation. The writer found out that the teacher believed in all motivational strategies. However there were were two strategies that were not used in the classrom namely goals and related values.The writer found out some motivational strategy elements that have perfect 6 ratio in the questionnaire, yet it was not used so much often in the classroom such as Relevant Materials and Task. In conclusion, the teacher implemented motivational strategies in the classroom in order to engage the students in the learning process.
Promoting the Online Service Product of PT. Mandiri Sekuritas Using a Promotional Video
Authors: Yaphilia Devina
Published: December 2018

This Business Communication Final Project (BCFP) is made for PT. Mandiri Sekuritas, one of the biggest securities company in Indonesia. The background of the study is the fact the most of the Online Service product’s members are passive, or also called as “sleeping clients”. This problem can affect the AR (Assets Ratio) of the company because they are passive traders. Thus, PT. Mandiri Sekuritas needs to make a promotional video. The video will be uploaded in big websites such as YouTube and e-mail. The video is divided into two parts: The first part is dedicated to the people who are new to stocks and the second part is dedicated to the existing members of Mandiri Sekuritas but rarely do anything with their account. In the video, I highlight two things: the importance of joining stock investment and the importance of being active in stocks trading. By making this video, I want to tell all people especially those who are at young age that investment is important for their future and Mandiri can answer their needs very well. Also, those “sleeping clients” can realize that being active will bring them many benefits and that the company cares for them.
Dimas’ Expression of His Identity as an Indonesian in Leila S. Chudori’s “Pulang”
Authors: Wibowo Irene Priscilla
Published: December 2018

In this study, I observe the way the character in Leila S. Chudori’s, Pulang, preserves his identity in a foreign country. In analyzing the novel, I use the theory of social symbols by George H. Mead. In the analysis, I find that Dimas uses symbols as Indonesians to preserve his identity. By doing so, he gets the acknowledgement by the Indonesian community as a part of its member even though he lives in different nation. This shows Dimas perceives his identity because he is aware that he is part of Indonesian community. As a result, Dimas can preserve his identity as an Indonesian even though he lives far away from Indonesia.
Marriage as A Reward for Disney Princesses
Authors: Ivena Ivena
Published: December 2018

This study focuses on the animations of three Disney princesses which are Snow White, Cinderella, and Aurora.  Its goal is to find the meaning of marriage for the princesses that happen in the animations. The theories that are used for this study is the ideology of patriarchy, “Angel in the House” concept, and “Damsel in Distress” concept, which affect the characters in the animations. From the analysis, the marriage means a reward for the trio after they have suffered in order to reach perfection. By following the process according to the rule of patriarchy, the trio manages to become the ideal women and are given reward in the form of marriage. Thus, through their animations, Disney wants to show the audience about the ideology of patriarchy
Image and Accusations
Authors: Santoso Joshua Hardi
Published: December 2018

Hoax news became more apparent in the recent time in Indonesia. This creative work would like to find out  how the hoax destroys life and the struggle to restore. Later, I would like to show how the relationship, integrity and reputation destroyed by hoax and how the track records used to restore the reputation. The creative work follows a story of a victim of a slander whose life was destroyed by it and would like to repair his image back. He had to investigate the culprit behind the slander. He found out that the culprit was his own friend. He confronted the culprit to stop the slander once and for all. The held a press conference with the help of his friends to restore his reputation. This story is represented through realistic novel as this genre would create a sense of realism that the readers could relate to.
Increasing the Brand Awareness of Go China Using a Promotional Video
Authors: Gozali Monica
Published: December 2018

Asia Holiday Tour & Travel is a travel agency based in Surabaya on Jalan Indragiri No. 12-18 #9. It focuses more on tour package selling especially throughout Asia. Asia Holiday has a main project called Go China that offers many destinations to China. Go China’s target market is Surabaya people, middle to high class, and 40 years old and older. Asia Holiday’s competitors are ATS Vacations and Golden Rama. The main problem of Asia Holiday is that they only have brochures to promote and market their tour products which not so effective. As a result, the selling of Go China tour packages rarely achieves its maximum number. A promotional video is the best solution for Asia Holiday to increase the brand awareness of Asia Holiday. It is an animation video and as a representative in explaining about Go China to the target market.
The Perception of Petra Christian University Students Towards the Connection Between “Converse” Brand and Its “Proud to Be” Statement on Its T-Shirt Line
Authors: Maharani Samuelita Dayu
Published: December 2018

This thesis mainly deals with the theory of perception and decoding process to observe how Petra Christian University students perceive the connection between Converse brand and the use of  language in one of its T-shirt products, “Proud to be”. From the analysis, the researcher found out that the students could draw a line between the brand and its statement on its T-shirt design. This means that “Proud to be” statement is considered a success as a code to express the company’s message to its consumers and suits the brand personality of Converse. In conclusion, the language used in product design is able to communicate the brand personality.
The Inequality in “Cewek!!!” and “Still…”
Authors: Ruslim Anastacya
Published: December 2018

This study is about the main characters’, Langen, Febi, and Fani, effort in achieving equality in teen lit novels Cewek!!!and Still…,. However, despite the girls’ effort, they fail in achieving equality. To find the effort and failure of girls in achieving equality, I use the theory of gender stereotype. From the theory, I find that the girls show their effort in achieving equality from their strength, independence, logic, and intelligence. Although the girls show their effort, these novels still show the girls’ failure in achieving equality. It can be seen by the girls are pictured as weak, emotional, unintelligent, and submissive; while the boys (Rei, Bima, and Rangga) are pictured as strong, rational, and intelligent. In conclusion, I find that despite showing the girls’ effort, these novels also shows that the girls fail in achieving equality. Therefore, I hope that teen lit will have stories that do not judge girls, but shows real equality.
Traveler’s Cafe: Exploring How One’s Level of Emotional Maturity Has an Impact in Their Decision to Marry
Authors: Truisnaningsih Candy
Published: December 2018

Chick Lit usually focus on how the main character finally finds her true love after several times meeting the wrong guy. However, through the issues of marriage that I make, I am stressing more on their psychological emotional maturity before they decide to get married. The story talks about a woman who has a boyfriend but not ready to marry him. She captured in her own insecurities about being a wife. Her situation gets worse when she rejected the proposal and her family found out. The story will revolve around the emotional journey of the problem and slowly reveals the changing behavior and her ways of thinking. Hopefully this work will remind people to look the idea of how important it is to see that marriage is not about age. To understand how psychological emotional maturity works, six levels of maturity are used as the main theory in this work.
Flasher: Exploring the Mind of an Exhibitionist
Authors: Amanda Patricia
Published: December 2018

Exhibitionism is a mental disorder characterized by compulsive disorder for exhibiting genital to an unsuspecting stranger. Through my creative work, I would like to raise awareness about exhibitionism for all readers, especially Indonesian people. I hope after reading my screenplay, readers will be able to understand more about exhibitionism. My screenplay explores the struggle of an exhibitionist to repress his desire to exhibit and his effort to change into a “normal” person sexually through Peter, my main character. The story goes around Peter who is an exhibitionist that is struggling with his desire to expose his genital to his victims while he does not really accept his sexual deviation which resulted internal conflict inside him. Later, he meets a girl that he really likes which makes him motivated to change. He tries his best to change before the girl realizes that there is something else about him.
Increasing the Brand Awareness of Midtown Hotel Surabaya
Authors: Crishtine Sitju Melinda
Published: December 2018

A promotional video is important because it would increase the brand awareness of a product or service for brand awareness is closely associated with promotional tool. The goal here is to promote and introduce the product or service of a business to the public. Midtown Hotel Surabaya is a 3 - star hotel strategically located at Basuki Rahmat Street No. 76, Surabaya. The problem of Midtown Hotel Surabaya is the lack of promotional tools, especially in the form of promotional videos. Additional revenue is expected to increase through the promotional video. The portrayal of the pleasant staying experience one will get in a night is contained in the promotional video of Midtown Hotel Surabaya. The delicacy of food and beverage, comfortable bedding, and fast booking access would be the main selling points of the hotel. The video can be displayed in hotel or wedding exhibitions and Youtube to attract public’s attention of Midtown Hotel Surabaya. Moreover, the video can also be utilized as a sales tool for the sales team on sales visits to companies who have not known about Midtown at all.
FAM134B induces tumorigenesis and epithelial‐to‐mesenchymal transition via Akt signaling in hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Zhang Zhao‐qi , Chen Jin , Huang Wan‐qiu , Ning Deng , Liu Qiu‐meng , Wang Chao , Zhang Long , Ren Li , Chu Liang , Liang Hui‐fang , Fan Hai‐ning , Zhang Bi‐xiang , Chen Xiao‐ping
Published: December 2018

Fam134b (JK‐1, RETREG1) was first identified as an oncogene in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. However, the roles of FAM134B during tumorigenesis of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and in epithelial‐to‐mesenchymal transition (EMT) were previously unclear. In this study, we investigated the function of FAM134B in HCC and the related tumorigenesis mechanisms, as well as how FAM134B induces EMT. We detected the expression of FAM134B in a normal hepatic cell line, HCC cell lines, fresh specimens, and a HCC tissue microarray. A retrospective study of 122 paired HCC tissue microarrays was used to analyze the correlation between FAM134B and clinical features. Gain‐ and loss‐of‐function experiments, rescue experiments, Akt pathway activator/inhibitors, nude mice xenograft models, and nude mice lung metastasis models were used to determine the underlying mechanisms of FAM134B in inducing tumorigenesis and EMT in vitro and in vivo. The expression level of FAM134B was highly elevated in HCC, as compared with that in normal liver tissues and normal hepatic cells. Overexpression of FAM134B was significantly associated with tumor size (P = 0.025), pathological vascular invasion (P = 0.026), differentiation grade (P = 0.023), cancer recurrence (P = 0.044), and portal vein tumor thrombus (P = 0.036) in HCC. Patients with high expression of FAM134B had shorter overall survival and disease‐free survival than patients with non‐high expression of FAM134B. Furthermore, knockdown of FAM134B with shRNAs inhibited cell growth and motility, as well as tumor formation and metastasis in nude mice, all of which were promoted by overexpression of FAM134B. Our study demonstrated that Fam134b is an oncogene that plays a crucial role in HCC via the Akt signaling pathway with subsequent glycogen synthase kinase‐3β phosphorylation, accumulation of β‐catenin, and stabilization of Snail, which promotes tumorigenesis, EMT, and tumor metastasis in HCC.
Kallikrein–Kinin System
Authors: Motta Guacyara , Tersariol Ivarne LS , Calo Girolamo , Gobeil Fernand , Regoli Domenico
Published: December 2018

Two similar proteolytic cascades lead to release of bradykinin and Lys‐bradykinin in tissues; these peptides act as autocoids, the first favouring blood clotting and endothelial protection, the second by initiating and maintaining tissue reactions to noxious stimuli. Kinin biological actions are mediated by two different receptor types, the constitutive B
2
which promotes initial reactions and the inducible B
1
which may later maintain mechanisms of defense and repair.

Key Concepts

Kinin–kallikrein system is a hormonal system that plays a major role in inflammation, blood pressure control, coagulation, pain and cellular proliferation.

Kinin–kallikrein system involves coagulation factor XII (FXII), the complex of prekallikrein (PK) and high‐molecular‐weight kininogen (HK).

Coagulation factor XII, also known as Hageman factor, is a plasma serine protease produced by hepatocytes. Factor XII activates factor XI and prekallikrein.

Kallikreins (tissue and plasma kallikrein) are serine proteases that liberate kinins (bradykinin, BK and kallidin, KD) from the kininogens (HK and LK).

High‐molecular‐weight kininogen and low‐molecular‐weight kininogen are precursors of the kinins, (HK) is precursor of BK and (LK) is precursor of KD.

Bradykinin (BK) is a nonapeptide hormone with sequence Arg‐Pro‐Pro‐Gly‐Phe‐Ser‐Pro‐Phe‐Arg. BK is produced when kallikrein releases it from HK.

Kallidin (KD) has the same amino acid sequence as Bradykinin with the addition of a Lysine at the N‐terminus, thus it is also called Lys‐BK. Kallidin is released from LK by tissue kallikrein.

Kinins are potent hypotensive peptide hormones that are also involved in pain, neurotransmission, inflammation and cell proliferation processes.

The various physiopathological actions of kinins are mediated by two receptor types, called B
1
R and B
2
R, which are G‐protein coupled receptors.
Sociocultural developmental approaches to autobiographical memory
Authors: Fivush Robyn
Published: December 2018

The sociocultural developmental model of autobiographical memory development has been a highly generative theoretical framework over the past 30 years, garnering both a great deal of empirical attention and support. In this article, the author details the theoretical framework and reviews the empirical evidence that indicates that individual differences in maternal reminiscing style has profound and enduring implications for the development of autobiographical memory. Concurrent, longitudinal, and experimental intervention research has demonstrated that mothers who reminisce in more highly elaborated ways with their preschool children facilitate the development of more elaborate and coherent autobiographical memories.
Spatiotemporal Control Strategies for Bone Formation through Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine Approaches
Authors: White Kristopher A. , Olabisi Ronke M.
Published: December 2018

Global increases in life expectancy drive increasing demands for bone regeneration. The gold standard for surgical bone repair is autografting, which enjoys excellent clinical outcomes; however, it possesses significant drawbacks including donor site morbidity and limited availability. Although collagen sponges delivered with bone morphogenetic protein, type 2 (BMP2) are a common alternative or supplement, they do not efficiently retain BMP2, necessitating extremely high doses to elicit bone formation. Hence, reports of BMP2 complications are rising, including cancer promotion and ectopic bone formation, the latter inducing complications such as breathing difficulties and neurologic impairments. Thus, efforts to exert spatial control over bone formation are increasing. Several tissue engineering approaches have demonstrated the potential for targeted and controlled bone formation. These approaches include biomaterial scaffolds derived from synthetic sources, e.g., calcium phosphates or polymers; natural sources, e.g., bone or seashell; and immobilized biofactors, e.g., BMP2. Although BMP2 is the only protein clinically approved for use in a surgical device, there are several proteins, small molecules, and growth factors that show promise in tissue engineering applications. This review profiles the tissue engineering advances in achieving control over the location and onset of bone formation (spatiotemporal control) toward avoiding the complications associated with BMP2.
Strategies to Improve Luminescence Efficiency of Metal‐Halide Perovskites and Light‐Emitting Diodes
Authors: Kim Young‐Hoon , Kim Joo Sung , Lee Tae‐Woo
Published: December 2018

Metal‐halide perovskites (MHPs) are well suited to be vivid natural color emitters due to their superior optical and electrical properties, such as narrow emission linewidths, easily and widely tunable emission wavelengths, low material cost, and high charge carrier mobility. Since the first development of MHP light‐emitting diodes (PeLEDs) in 2014, many researchers have tried to understand the properties of MHP emitters and the limitations to luminescence efficiency (LE) of PeLEDs, and have devoted efforts to increase the LE of MHP emitters and PeLEDs. Within three and half years, PeLEDs have shown rapidly increased LE from external quantum efficiency ≈0.1% to ≈14.36%. Herein, the factors that limit the LE of PeLEDs are reviewed; the factors are characterized into the following groups: i) photophysical properties of MHP crystals, ii) morphological factors of MHP layers, and iii) problems caused by device architectures. Then, the strategies to overcome those luminescence‐limiting factors in MHP emitters and PeLEDs are critically evaluated. Finally, research directions to further increase the LE of MHP emitters and the potential of MHPs as a core component in next‐generation displays and solid‐state lightings are suggested.
Multichannel‐Independent Information Encoding with Optical Metasurfaces
Authors: Dong Fengliang , Chu Weiguo
Published: December 2018

Optical metasurfaces, as an emerging platform, have been shown to be capable of effectively manipulating the local properties (amplitude, phase, and polarization) of the reflected or transmitted light and have unique strengths in high‐density optical storage, holography, display, etc. The reliability and flexibility of wavefront manipulation makes optical metasurfaces suitable for information encryption by increasing the possibility of encoding combinations of independent channels and the capacity of encryption, and thus the security level. Here, recent progress in metasurface‐based information encoding is reviewed, in which the independent channels for information encoding are built with wavelength and/or polarization in one‐dimensional/two‐dimensional (1D/2D) modes. The way to increase information encoding capacity and security level is proposed, and the opportunities and challenges of information encoding with independent channels based on metasurfaces are discussed.
Spontaneous Sequestration of Proteins into Liquid Crystalline Microdroplets
Authors: Naveenkumar Parinamipura M. , Mann Stephen , Sharma Kamendra P.
Published: December 2018

In this work a facile method for fabricating protein‐sequestered liquid crystal (LC) emulsion droplets based on the uptake of surface‐engineered protein–polymer surfactant (PS) core–shell bioconjugates is described. Uptake of myoglobin‐PS, bovine serum albumin‐PS, Zn‐porphyrin myoglobin‐PS, horseradish peroxidase‐PS, and glucose oxidase‐PS occurs without structural or functional degradation, and gives rise to sequestration within the interior or at the surface of 4‐cyano‐4′‐pentylbiphenyl (5CB) nematic droplets depending on the surface modification of the protein‐PS bioconjugates. Differences in uptake behavior are used to achieve the spontaneous positional assembly of multiple proteins in the LC phase, and the use of spatially separated glucose oxidase‐PS and horseradish peroxidase‐PS bioconjugates is demonstrated to produce 5CB based droplets capable of housing an enzyme cascade reaction. This method opens a pathway for the development of bioactive liquid crystal droplets and can have potential applications in the optical sensing of biomolecular substrates.
Tunable Emissions of Upconversion Fluorescence for Security Applications
Authors: Yao Weijing , Tian Qingyong , Wu Wei
Published: December 2018

The rampant appearance of counterfeiting has a serious adverse effect on every aspect in the global markets. Thus, the development of high‐tech security strategies has become an urgent challenge. Recently, lanthanide ions (Ln3+) doped materials open new avenues for concealing factual data and shield against counterfeiting because of their unique optical characteristics of color‐tunable emissions under near‐infrared excitation. The present review surveys the recent advances in Ln3+‐doped upconversion crystals (UCCs) as fluorescent functional inks toward designable and high‐level anti‐counterfeiting patterns and graphical encoding. The great achievements of fabrication of versatile security patterns can be ascribed to the combination of the single or multiple colorful UCCs with polymers, additives, and solvents. Moreover, the crucial factors including underlying mechanisms, synthetic methods of upconversion fluorescence materials, and the diverse printing technologies employed for patterning the fluorescence images have been highlighted, and the corresponding challenges and opportunities in this promising research area are presented. This review will help providing a fundamental understanding and guidance to rational design fluorescence optical labels based on Ln3+‐doped UCCs for broadening their applications in high‐level security fields.
Molecular Design of β‐Sheet Peptide for the Multi‐Modal Analysis of Disease
Authors: Cao Hongyan , Wang Yunyun , Gao Yuan , Deng Xinli , Cong Yulong , Liu Ye , Jiang Xingyu
Published: December 2018

Intermolecular forces constrain peptide conformation. However, the role of each intermolecular force in constraining peptide conformation remains poorly understood. In this work, we show that aromatic–aromatic interactions drive peptides into β‐sheets, and the hydrophobic effect determines the assembly speed of peptides. By using intermolecular forces to artificially control the assembly of β‐sheets, a multi‐modal analytical system was developed that allows five readouts and dual qualitative–quantitative analysis, and satisfies both point‐of‐care testing (POCT) and laboratory‐based testing. For Mycoplasma Pneumoniae diagnosis, this system eradicates misdiagnosis (from 30 % to 0 %) and broadens the linear range by three‐fold, both of which are critical for guiding therapy. This work not only illustrates exact roles of intermolecular forces in driving the formation of β‐sheets, but also provides a guideline for the construction of a multi‐modal analytical system for disease diagnosis.
Metal‐Helix Frameworks from Short Hybrid Peptide Foldamers
Authors: Misra Rajkumar , Saseendran Abhijith , Dey Sanjit , Gopi Hosahudya N.
Published: December 2018

The potential of structured peptides has not been explored much in the design of metal‐organic frameworks (MOFs). This is partly due to the difficulties in obtaining stable secondary structures from the short α‐peptide sequences. Here we report the design, crystal conformations, coordination site dependent different silver coordinated frameworks of short α,γ‐hybrid peptide 12‐helices consisting of terminal pyridyl moieties and the utility of metal‐helix frameworks in the adsorption of CO2. Upon silver ion coordination the 12‐helix terminated by the 3‐pyridyl derivatives adopted a 2:2 macrocyclic structure, while the 12‐helix terminated by the 4‐pyridyl derivatives displayed remarkable porous metal‐helix frameworks. Both head‐to‐tail intermolecular H‐bonds of the 12‐helix and metal ion coordination have played an important role in stabilizing the ordered metal‐helix frameworks. The studies described here open the door to design a new class of metal‐organic‐frameworks from peptide foldamers.
Facile Conversion of syn‐[FeIV(O)(TMC)]2+ into the anti Isomer via Meunier's Oxo–Hydroxo Tautomerism Mechanism
Authors: Prakash Jai , Sheng Yuan , Draksharapu Apparao , Klein Johannes E. M. N. , Cramer Christopher J. , Que Lawrence
Published: December 2018

The syn and anti isomers of [FeIV(O)(TMC)]2+ (TMC=tetramethylcyclam) represent the first isolated pair of synthetic non‐heme oxoiron(IV) complexes with identical ligand topology, differing only in the position of the oxo unit bound to the iron center. Both isomers have previously been characterized. Reported here is that the syn isomer [FeIV(Osyn)(TMC)(NCMe)]2+ (2) converts into its anti form [FeIV(Oanti)(TMC)(NCMe)]2+ (1) in MeCN, an isomerization facilitated by water and monitored most readily by 1H NMR and Raman spectroscopy. Indeed, when H218O is introduced to 2, the nascent 1 becomes 18O‐labeled. These results provide compelling evidence for a mechanism involving direct binding of a water molecule trans to the oxo atom in 2 with subsequent oxo–hydroxo tautomerism for its incorporation as the oxo atom of 1. The nonplanar nature of the TMC supporting ligand makes this isomerization an irreversible transformation, unlike for their planar heme counterparts.
Catalytic Asymmetric Epoxidation of Aldehydes with Two VANOL‐Derived Chiral Borate Catalysts
Authors: Gupta Anil K. , Yin Xiaopeng , Mukherjee Munmun , Desai Aman A. , Mohammadlou Aliakbar , Jurewicz Kelsee , Wulff William D.
Published: December 2018

A highly diastereo‐ and enantioselective method for the epoxidation of aldehydes with α‐diazoacetamides has been developed with two different borate ester catalysts of VANOL. Both catalytic systems are general for aromatic, aliphatic, and acetylenic aldehydes, giving high yields and inductions for nearly all cases. One borate ester catalyst has two molecules of VANOL and the other only one VANOL. Catalysts generated from BINOL and VAPOL are ineffective catalysts. An application is shown for access to the side‐chain of taxol.
Alkyne Versus Ynamide Reactivity: Regioselective Radical Cyclization of Yne‐Ynamides
Authors: Dutta Shubham , Mallick Rajendra K. , Prasad Rangu , Gandon Vincent , Sahoo Akhila K.
Published: December 2018

Ynamides are typically more reactive than simple alkynes and olefins. However, a serendipitous observation revealed a rare case where the reactivity of simple alkynes exceeds that of ynamides. This led to the development of a unique sulfur‐radical‐triggered cyclization of yne‐tethered ynamides, which involves attack of the alkyne by a thiyl radical followed by cyclization with the ynamide. A wide range of novel 4‐thioaryl pyrroles that could tolerate common functional moieties and N‐protecting groups were expediently constructed by this strategy. The current method contrasts with the typical cyclization of yne‐ynamides, which involves the attack of the alkyne moiety by the ynamide core. Control experiments and DFT calculations supported the participation of the sulfur radical in the reaction and the regioselective cyclization. The synthetic potential of the substituted pyrroles is also discussed.
Conductive Fused Porphyrin Tapes on Sensitive Substrates by a Chemical Vapor Deposition Approach
Authors: Bengasi Giuseppe , Baba Kamal , Frache Gilles , Desport Jessica , Gratia Paul , Heinze Katja , Boscher Nicolas D.
Published: December 2018

Oxidative polymerization of nickel(II) 5,15‐diphenyl porphyrin and nickel(II) 5,15‐bis(di‐3,5‐tert‐butylphenyl) porphyrin by oxidative chemical vapor deposition (oCVD) yields multiply fused porphyrin oligomers in thin film form. The oCVD technique enables one‐step formation, deposition, and p‐doping of conjugated poly(porphyrins) coatings without solvents or post‐treatments. The decisive reactions and side reactions during the oCVD process are shown by high‐resolution mass spectrometry. Owing to the highly conjugated structure of the fused tapes, the thin films exhibit an electrical conductivity of 3.6×10−2 S cm−1 and strong absorption in the visible to near‐infrared spectral region. The formation of smooth conjugated poly(porphyrins) coatings, even on sensitive substrates, is demonstrated by deposition and patterning on glass, silicon, and paper. Formation of conductive poly(porphyrins) thin films could enable the design of new optoelectronic devices using the oCVD approach.
Distributed delay‐dependent filtering for Markovian jump systems interconnected over an undirected graph with time‐delay
Authors: Xue Xiaojuan , Xu Li , Xu Huiling
Published: December 2018

In this paper, the problems of delay‐dependent stochastic stability analysis and distributed filter synthesis are considered for Markovian jump systems interconnected over an undirected graph with state time‐invariant delay. A sufficient condition for the well‐posedness, delay‐dependent stochastic stability and contractiveness of the plant is developed in terms of linear matrix inequalities (LMIs). The distributed filter synthesis aims to design a distributed filter inheriting the structure of the plant such that the filtering error systems is well‐posed, delay‐dependent stochastically stable and contractive. Specifically, a corresponding sufficient condition to guarantee the filtering error system contractive is first presented by a set of nonlinear matrix inequalities. Next, for coupling these nonlinear matrix inequalities, a sufficient condition on the existence of such a distributed filter is proposed via a series of finite‐dimensional LMIs. Finally, a numerical simulation is presented to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed approach.
Structure‐guided design combined with evolutionary diversity led to the discovery of the xylose‐releasing exo‐xylanase activity in the glycoside hydrolase family 43
Authors: Zanphorlin Letícia Maria , de Morais Mariana Abrahão Bueno , Diogo José Alberto , Domingues Mariane Noronha , de Souza Flávio Henrique Moreira , Ruller Roberto , Murakami Mario Tyago
Published: December 2018

Rational design is an important tool for sculpting functional and stability properties of proteins and its potential can be much magnified when combined with in vitro and natural evolutionary diversity. Herein, we report the structure‐guided design of a xylose‐releasing exo‐β‐1,4‐xylanase from an inactive member of glycoside hydrolase family 43 (GH43). Structural analysis revealed a nonconserved substitution (Lys247) that results in the disruption of the hydrogen bond network that supports catalysis. The mutation of this residue to a conserved serine restored the catalytic activity and crystal structure elucidation of the mutant confirmed the recovery of the proper orientation of the catalytically relevant histidine. Interestingly, the tailored enzyme can cleave both xylooligosaccharides and xylan, releasing xylose as the main product, being the first xylose‐releasing exo‐β‐1,4‐xylanase reported in the GH43 family. This enzyme presents a unique active‐site topology when compared with closely related β‐xylosidases, which is the absence of a hydrophobic barrier at the positive‐subsite region, allowing the accommodation of long substrates. Therefore, the combination of rational design for catalytic activation along with naturally occurring differences in the substrate binding interface led to the discovery of a novel activity within the GH43 family. In addition, these results demonstrate the importance of solvation of the β‐propeller hollow for GH43 catalytic function and expand our mechanistic understanding about the diverse modes of action of GH43 members, a key and polyspecific carbohydrate‐active enzyme family abundant in most plant cell‐wall‐degrading microorganisms.