bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Impact of Creating Evacuate Tube Transportation Technology for Connecting European Union and China
Authors: Rumin Rafał , Kozioł Kamil , Polak Joanna
Published: May 2019

The article presents an economic potential of the trade exchange between China and European Union using the new type of transport – basing on vacuum trains. This technology bases on transporting goods in a capsule. The capsule is moving inside an airtight tube, where the air pressure is decreased to about 100Pa. Owing to the low pressure, an air friction value is very low too, what is enabling to move the capsule inside the tube without meaningful energy loss from the air friction. The transport will provide a very fast and economical shipping of goods between China and Europe. It is expected, that the capsules can reach the speed about 1000 km/h.

Taking all these factors into account, there are new opportunities for the trade exchange with China. It applies especially to the transshipment- industrial districts like Sichuan, Yunnan, Kweichow, and the Chongqing city. The potential of these provinces is a population about 200 millions people, a territory which is twice the size of France and quick economic growth – about 10%. In 2016, the train from Chengdu to Łódź have left 463 times, in 2017 there are 1000 trains planned. The economy of Sichuan is basing on: agriculture, hydropower, big resources of natural gas, heavy industry, and electronics. In Chongqing, there are mainly: automotive, heavy industry, electronics, and chemical industry. In Yunnan dominate agricultural processing, natural resources, and heavy industry. From the viewpoint of polish business, the Sichuan province and the Chongqing city are especially noteworthy. These two are firstly making use of developing Chinese economy. They are also contributing to the „New Silk Road” – OBOR project (One Belt and One Road Initiative) and aspiring to become the trade, financial, scientific-technological and telecommunication-transport center.
The Reception of Roman Obligations in China
Authors: Wiśniewski Bartosz
Published: May 2019

The Chinese legal system has got many keystones. One of them is Roman law. It can be seen in obligations, in the very important part of private law. China has got a unique history and the Latin civilization has got the same characteristic too. Despite the fact of the independent development of the Roman Empire and the Chinese Empire those two legal systems were able to meet in the reception of Roman obligations in China in the twentieth century.

That process may create some disputes. Roman law is one of the features of Western civilization. In the Far East, the situation is different. It is not possible to understand the Chinese legal culture without Confucianism, other philosophies, the role of relationships and the heritage of communism.

The connection of two different legal systems in the sphere of obligation which was ended in 1999 when The Contract Law was promulgated may be evaluated in different ways. Maybe the most appropriate is the phrase that in current China everything is possible but nothing is easy.
Konrad Adenauer as a German Statesman and Politician of Integrating Europe
Authors: Gaziński Benon
Published: May 2019

The article is a synthetic outlook at Konrad Adenauer’s life, activity and the legacy of that politician, described in a tendentious way in the past period, and nowadays – after a temporary increase in the interest during the first years of systemic transformation – deserving a closer examination. In the initial part of the article, some integration concepts of past centuries have been outlined. Then, in a biographical sketch, Adenauer’s private and public activities were characterized, falling into diverse political periods, ranging from imperial Germany, to the post-war formation of the foundations of a reborn democratic state. His participation in these events is outlined. The main achievements of Adenauer during almost 30 years of work in the Cologne municipality are pointed out and the repressions he suffered during the Nazi regime and his participation in the post-war reconstruction of Germany were discussed: long-term leadership in the CDU and the 14-year period of government as the first chancellor of democratic post-war Germany. It was pointed out that the political line he designated, the active presence of Germany in the uniting Europe, proved to be very stable and continued by his successive successors.
The impact of formal and non – formal education on youth employability in Bosnia and Herzegovina
Authors: Pilav-Velić Amila , Jahić Hatidža , Okičić Jasmina , Kokorović-Jukan Meldina
Published: May 2019

Education plays a central role in today’s understanding of growth and development dynamics. However, its relationship with other factors is complex. This paper aims to investigate the effect of different forms of education on youth employability in Bosnia and Herzegovina. This is done by using the USAID MEASURE – BiH National Youth Survey. Research has shown that formal education and non-formal education through internship programmes, volunteering, paid jobs other than internships are significant predictors of youth employment status. The study also has several implications for academics and practitioners since it provides new insights into both employment patterns and practices in one transition economy but also calls for further analysis of the link between education, formal and non-formal, and youth employment.
The influence of stand density on the structure of harvestmen communities (Opiliones) in a submountain beech forest
Authors: Stašiov Slavomír , Svitok Marek
Published: May 2019

Modification of forest stand density by thinning is a common silvicultural practice implemented in management of production forests. However, changes in the stand density can entail considerable changes to the present forest environment and communities. The current knowledge about the effect of stand density modification on the local animal communities is based mainly on the flagship groups such as carabid beetles or birds. We focused our study on harvestmen. We explored how the stand density influences species composition of this species communities in submountain beech forests. The study was conducted in the Kováčovská dolina valley (Kremnické vrchy Mts, Central Slovakia) in 1997 and 1998, the method used was pitfall trapping. In total, 9 harvestmen species from 5 families were recorded. Prior to our research, the forest stands at the study locality were subject to thinning interventions the intensity of which influenced the structure of the local harvestmen communities. The most pronounced was the effect of very intensive thinning with stand density reduced below 0.5. From the recorded species, four preferred forest stands with lower stand density (Lophopilio palpinalis, Oligolophus tridens, Nemastoma lugubre, Trogulus nepaeformis), two species (Platybunus bucephalus, Dicranolasma scabrum) preferred forest stands with higher stand density. Generalization of the observed pattern requires to explore a wider spectrum of beech forests.
Svalbard reindeer (Rangifer tarandus platyrhynchus) antler characteristics reflecting the local environmental conditions
Authors: Kavan Jan , Anděrová Veronika
Published: May 2019

A new non-invasive method based on picture analysis was used to estimate the conditions in Svalbard reindeer populations. The well-being of an individual subject is often expressed through visual indices. Two distinct reindeer populations were compared based on their antler parameters. Relative antler size and number of tines are variables supposed to reflect correspondingly the environmental conditions of sedentary populations within the growing season. The occurrence areas of two studied populations are distinctly isolated – separated with high mountain ridges, glaciers and fjords. The population in Petuniabukta occupies a sparsely vegetated region with harsh climatic conditions, whereas Skansbukta represents an area with continuous tundra vegetation cover, milder climatic conditions and, consequently, also a longer vegetation season. These environmental factors probably caused significant differences in the relative antler size and number of tines in the studied species. The Skansbukta population exhibited a larger relative antler size and higher number of tines than the population in Petuniabukta (both parameters differed significantly, p < 0.01). This difference reflects concisely the different environmental conditions of both locations. A comparison of Skansbukta population antler characteristics between years 2017 and 2018 did not reveal significant changes, most probably due to very similar atmospheric conditions in these two years (in terms of air temperature).
Specialist Languages in Translation: The Case of Selected Expressions of Property Law
Authors: Selmistraitis Linas , Gęborys Katarzyna , Krawiec Marek
Published: May 2019

The concept of specialist languages has been widely discussed and analyzed not only with respect to the linguistic field (in the context of which certain changes are anticipated in language as a communicational tool), or translation studies (including cultural aspects of expressions and their equivalents) but also with respect to strategies and techniques used in the foreign language teaching process. The main objective of this paper is to examine the language of law on a sample of selected Polish legal expressions (property law expressions) and their English equivalents. The article points to the ways of translating expressions from this specialist language and emphasizes the need to include some cultural aspects in the translation process. The article starts with a presentation of various views on translation, and then provides information on specialist languages, their types and features, leading subsequently to the analysis of certain terms and concepts of law and the ways of translating them.
Education and upbringing towards self-respect, subjectivism and pupil’s identity in the phase of puberty
Authors: Gulin Wojciech
Published: May 2019

In this elaboration four important existential issues were outlined: self-respect, subjectivism identity and puberty in the context of education and upbringing.

From the philosophical side subjectivism and self-respect are ontologically ascribed to every human being, whereas the sense of self-respect and subjectivism develop and affect human being’s identity. That is why the sense of self-respect and subjectivism are very important spheres of educational and pedagogical influence. In this elaboration the sense of subjectivism and self-respect as well as the development of identity refer to the period of puberty especially to its first years, time which has special significance for every human being’s life. Young person makes an attempt to function in the grown-ups world but without any individual experience. He seeks his way of life. In this period the pupil is controversial, critical, with his behavior opposes to social rules. His attempt to create his outlook on life, own ideas, reception of the truths of faith often opposes to the grown up world. Pupil, who becomes grown up, distances from parents, teachers and form-masters – he learns how to be independent. Features named above are normal during the growth and development. All of us went through this. Familiarity with human being’s development and his very important part namely puberty helps teachers and parents – its significance is unquestionable. Thanks to this knowledge they can plan precisely their educational and pedagogical actions. In this way teachers and parents can influence proper development of every pupil’s personality and because of this achieve their own pedagogical success.
Parents as tutors for the development and education of a child
Authors: Więcławska Anna
Published: May 2019

The family is a model of society for the child. Relationships provide information on how adults relate to each other. The child observes the world of adults and their behavior. The condition for full protection of child’s development and maturity is love for the environment, acceptance of parents and family’s cohesion. Proper implementation of parentalroles, recognition of the rights and duties of the child and providing conditions for comprehensive development, determining the high value of the family’s educational environment. They can develop and develop values in people, without inhibitions and prejudices, joyful and open to the world. The family is the first person bringing up children. A properly functioning family creates the most perfect conditions for the maturity and development of a human being. Parents are the most important teachers in the development and education of a child to maturity.
Ageing in the contemporary world
Authors: Suwiński Eugeniusz
Published: May 2019

All societies of our civilization are growing old, people live longer and longer and there are more and more old people. It results in the fact that problems of old people, either individual or of social aspects, are getting one of the crucial tasks for the society nowadays. In fact, there are no grounds to envy or to feel compassion for old people. The old man is a fully normal man, only the old one. We are all growing old…whether we want it or not – and we can only wonder, how it will be, when we get old… Without any doubt, it is important to live as long as possible, but not less important is the quality of life, physical and mental condition, good mood and the most of all – the good health. The old age, may not be a flow of happiness, but it of course has its good prospects and can remain positive. The aim of that study is the attempt to show the status of a man in the process of ageing and all aspects connected with this process. The study should allow us not only to perceive the positive aspects of old age, but also to acquaint ourselves with the mechanism of growing old and show us how to reduce the instinctive fear of growing old and what to do to make this period of our lives bearable and stately. What does it mean to grow old? How does it feel like to be old? How have people tried to prevent the process of ageing in different cultures in the past centuries? How it is being done nowadays? What are the advantages of growing old? The attempt to find the answers for the above mentioned questions is the aim of that study. Its keynote is paradoxically quite optimistic and helps us to stay calm in the face of this inevitable fate we all are going to meet with.
Evaluation of comprehensive ambulatory rehabilitation of people over 60 years of age
Authors: Czarkowska Magdalena , Saran Tomasz , Mazur Anna , Panasiuk Lech
Published: May 2019

Introduction. The provision of adequate health care for a successively growing group of geriatric patients requires taking into account many factors in order to preserve and/or improve their overall health and the related functional capacity. Its crucial aspects include the ability to safely change position and locomotion, as well as the severity of discomfort from the osteoarticular system.

Aim. The objective of the present study was to assess the impact of comprehensive ambulatory rehabilitation including tailored endurance training, preceded by an ergospirometry test, on indicators showing the risk of falls and the severity of pain symptoms of patients aged 60 and over, receiving health services at the Outpatient Healthcare Home (DDOM).

Material and methods. The study involved 60 seniors during their rehabilitation cycle implemented as part of the services provided to patients at DDOM of the W. Chodźko Institute of Rural Health in Lublin. The tests were carried out in the test-retest model on the first and last day of the kinesiotherapy cycle. The Tinetti scale of the risk of falls, balance and walk and Visual Analogue Scale of the severity of pain sensations (VAS) were utilized in the research. The patient rehabilitation program at the DDOM included adapted systemic kinesiotherapy (endurance training with a load determined according to individual exercise capacity, as determined on the basis of the ergospirometry test) and local kinesiotherapy as well as physical therapy adapted to the needs resulting from the condition of the musculoskeletal system.

Results. After completing the rehabilitation cycle, the patients obtained higher scores, compared to the tests carried out before the beginning of the rehabilitation cycle, in the scales of Tinetti Questionnaire. There were also lower results of the respondents in VAS scale used to assess the severity of pain sensations.

Conclusions. As a result of the rehabilitation program applied, DDOM patients simultaneously obtained the desired changes in minimizing the risk of falls, improving the ability to maintain balance and fitness while walking, as well as reducing the severity of pain sensation.
Employees’ Competences in Knowledge-Intensive Business Sector – Comparative Analysis in Two Cee Countries
Authors: Samul Joanna , Skapska Elzbieta , Pankov Dmitrij
Published: May 2019

Knowledge-Intensive Business Services (KIBS) are services that involve intensive use of high technologies, specialized skills and professional knowledge. However, there are insufficient findings on the competences of employees in the sector of KIBS. The purpose of this paper is to present the results of the research on employees’ competences in different service sectors of two CEE countries: Poland and Belarus. This study adopted a quantitative approach based on a questionnaire applied to 101 companies from Poland and 42 companies from Belarus. The comparative analysis shows quite similar findings - the most significant competencies are employee engagement, motivation and customer-focused orientation and play a crucial role in the efficiency of services in both countries.
Automating Forward and Reverse Supply Chains in the Context of Industry 4.0
Authors: Covaci Florina Livia
Published: May 2019

The 4th industrial revolution brings in a transformation of the traditional supply chain towards a digital supply chain. The machines will be able to use algorithms that will enable them to automate the supply chain formation process and to quickly react to disruptions. The current approach proposes a mechanism based on a message passing inference scheme in order to address the automated supply chain formation problem in a closed-loop supply chain by integrating forward and reverse supply chains. Forward supply chain imply a series of activities required to produce new products from virgin materials and distribute them to consumers while reverse supply chains require collecting used products from consumers and reprocessing them to either recover their leftover market values or dispose of them. It has become common for companies involved in a forward supply chain to also carry out collection and reprocessing of used products. Strict environmental regulations and diminishing raw material resources have intensified the importance of reverse supply chains at an increasing rate. The proposed mechanism is evaluated using two type of supply chain configurations from textile and automobile industry, demonstrating that automated integration of reverse supply chains along with forward supply chains, lead to benefits for the participants in the supply chain.
Analysis of the Demand for Private Healthcare in South Africa
Authors: Dunga Steven Henry
Published: May 2019

Access to a good and healthy life is a human right recognised globally. The fight to deal with poverty and food insecurity as the top two sustainable development goals (SDGs) under the global agenda 2030 can only be achieved if a majority of the world population is able to participate in economic activities. However, the provision of healthcare is complicated by the nature of the demand and supply function. There is inefficient provision due to the positive externalities associated with healthcare provision and consequently the social efficiency is not achieved, especially when private provision is considered, and therefore the need for government involvement. This paper analyses the demand for private healthcare in South Africa, using the data collected from a general household survey with a sample of 21601 households. The results of the logistic regression model show that the gender of the head of a household, income, food security status, age of head of household and social grant and pension status were among the significant predictors of demand for private healthcare. The study provides insights on how provision of healthcare should be tailored so as to achieve maximum efficiency in public provision of healthcare.
PENINGKATAN AKTIVITAS DAN KOMPETENSI STATISTIK DALAM PEMBELAJARAN MATEMATIKA MELALUI PENDEKATAN REALISTIC MATHEMATICS EDUCATION (RME) PADA SISWA KELAS IX A SMPN 10 TEGAL SEMESTER 1 TAHUN PELAJARAN 2017/2018
Authors: Sugiharini Sugiharini
Published: May 2019

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah Untuk meningkatkan aktivitasdankompetensi statistikmelalui pendekatan Realistic Mathematics Education (RME) pada siswa kelas  IX A SMPN 10 Tegal Semester 1 tahun pelajaran 2017/2018. Metode pengumpulan data menggunakan observasi dan tes. Dari analisis data disimpulkan  sebagai berikut: (1a.) Aktivitas siswa yaitu Penggunaan konteks nyata (Real context)ada peningkatan dari Siklus I ke Siklus II,secara keseluruhan meningkat sebesar 9 %. (1b.) Penggunaan Hasil Pekerjaan Siswa dan Kostruksi siswa ada peningkatan dari Siklus I ke Siklus II, secara keseluruhan meningkat sebesar 9 %. (2) kompetensi statistik nilai kompetensi statistik dalam pembelajaran matematika ada peningkatan dari Siklus I dan Siklus II, Secara keseluruhan meningkat sebesar 4 %.
PENGARUH MODEL PEMBELAJARAN KOOPERATIF TYPE MAKE A MATCH TERHADAP PENINGKATAN PRESTASI BELAJAR MATEMATIKA DAN KEAKTIFAN BELAJAR PESERTA DIDIK
Authors: Ayu Widiyasari Noer Zilla , Suwandono Suwandono , Rohman Muhammad saefur
Published: May 2019

Dalam proses pembelajaran terutama matematika, disamping media belajar juga dibutuhkan model pembelajaran yang baik dan tepat yang disesuaikan dengan materi untuk menunjang dalam peningkatan prestasi belajar matematika dan keaktifan belajar peserta didik. Dalam penelitian ini bertujuan untuk : 1) mengetahui perbedaan prestasi belajar matematika dan keaktifan belajar peserta didik yang diajar dengan menggunakan model pembelajaran Kooperatif Type Make a Match dengan peserta didik yang diajar menggunakan model pembelajaran konvensional dengan ceramah dan pemberian tugas, serta 2) mengetahui bahwa model pembelajaran Kooperatif Type Make a Match lebih baik dibandingkan model pembelajaran konvensional dengan ceramah dan pemberian tugas terhadap prestasi belajar matematika dan keaktifan belajar peserta didik.

Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah peserta didik kelas VIII Semester Genap di SMP Negeri 7 Tegal Tahun Pelajaran 2016 / 2017 sebanyak 191 orang. Pengambilan sampel menggunakan Teknik Cluster Random Sampling yang terdiri atas 5 kelas. Sampel dalam penelitian ini diambil 63,35% dari populasi yaitu sebanyak 121 orang. Metode pengumpulan data yang digunakan adalah dokumentasi, pengamatan / observasi dan tes. Teknik analisis data menggunakan Uji Liliefors, Uji Bartlett dan Uji Analisis Varian Satu Arah (Anava Satu Arah) dengan taraf signifikan 5%.

Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa : 1) Terdapat perbedaan prestasi belajar matematika dan keaktifan belajar peserta didik SMP Negeri 7 Tegal Tahun Pelajaran 2016 / 2017 dalam proses pembelajaran yang menggunakan model pembelajaran kooperatif Type Make a Match dibandingkan yang menggunakan model pembelajaran konvensional dengan ceramah dan pemberian tugas, serta 2) model pembelajaran kooperatif Type Make a Match lebih baik dibandingkan model pembelajaran konvensional dengan ceramah dan pemberian tug  as terhadap prestasi belajar matematika dan keaktifan belajar peserta didik kelas VIII di SMP Negeri 7 Tegal Tahun Pelajaran 2016 / 2017.
Multi-plane time-resolved Particle Image Velocimetry (PIV) flow field measurements in an optical Spark-Ignition Direct-Injection (SIDI) engine for Large-Eddy Simulation (LES) model validations
Authors: Zhao Fengnian , Liu Mengqi , Ge Penghui , Hung David L.S. , Li Xuesong , Xu Min , Yang Xiaofeng , Idicheria Cherian
Published: May 2019

In-cylinder flow characteristics play a significant role in the fuel–air mixing process of Spark-Ignition Direct-Injection (SIDI) engines. Typically, planar Particle Image Velocimetry (PIV) is used to measure a representative velocity field sectioning through the center plane of the engine cylinder. However, a single flow field offers very limited perspective regarding the Three-Dimensional nature of the flow fields. Since the in-cylinder flow is stochastically complex, large datasets of flow field measurements along multiple planes are needed to provide a complete panoramic understanding of the flow dynamics. In this study, a high-speed PIV is applied to measure the crank-angle resolved flow fields inside a single-cylinder four-valve optical SIDI engine. Five flow fields along different tumble planes are captured. These five planes include two orthogonal planes cutting through the spark plug tip, two parallel planes sectioning through middle point of the intake and exhaust valves, and one plane through the centers of two intake valves. In addition, numerical computations are carried out with Large-Eddy Simulation (LES) model in CONVERGE. With the guidance from multi-plane PIV measurements, a novel validation approach is proposed in this study. The quantitative analysis and comparison between LES simulations and PIV experiments are divided in terms of global and local comparison indices. The global comparison indices provide a quantitative single value to quickly check the overall similarity of velocity directions and magnitudes between PIV and LES results of a specific individual plane. The local comparison indices further evaluate the similarity between the flow fields of LES and PIV point by point to identify any dissimilar regions and vortex features, which are likely to indicate the complex flow structures at low-speed regions. In summary, not only can the combined data analysis approach provide a reliable way for LES model validations, it can also reveal the physical quantifications of the complex in-cylinder flow characteristics.
An improved method for calculating critical temperatures and critical pressures in natural gas mixtures with up to nC11 hydrocarbons
Authors: Ricaurte Marvin , Fernández José M. , Viloria Alfredo
Published: May 2019

This study suggests an improvement to the empirical model proposed by Peng (1986, Can. J. Chem. Eng. 64, 827–830) to calculate critical temperatures and critical pressures in natural gas mixtures. It aims to extend its application to natural gas mixtures containing hydrocarbons compounds up to undecane (nC11). This work focuses on establishing new matrices of coefficients Aij by obtaining new binary interactions between heavy compounds and the rest of compounds present in natural gas mixtures. The analysis considered more than 300 natural gas mixtures. Different comparisons were made between calculated critical properties, and referenced critical properties. Mean absolute errors <1.00% for the critical temperatures, and <2.70% for critical pressures were obtained. These low average deviations demonstrate the accuracy of this study, and could be considered as an easy-to-use engineering tool for estimating critical properties in natural gas mixtures, applicable to lean gas, rich gas, gas condensate, and Natural Gas Liquids (NGL).
ANÁLISE E COMPARAÇÃO DA ESTIMATIVA DO PERCENTUAL DE GORDURA CORPORAL EM PRATICANTES DE MUSCULAÇÃO
Authors: Silva Mellissa Fernanda Gomes da , Soares Matheus de Sousa , Silva Maria Gilmara Ferreira da
Published: May 2019

Este estudo teve como objetivos analisar e comparar o percentual de gordura corporal de praticantes de musculação da academia do Centro Universitário Católica de Quixadá (UNICATÓLICA), utilizando os métodos de espessura de dobras cutâneas e bioimpedância elétrica. Para tanto os participantes foram submetidos a estes dois tipos de avaliação física a fim de se obter e comparar o resultado entre os dois métodos. Participaram da pesquisa, 15 pessoas do gênero masculino e feminino, com faixa etária de idade entre 20 e 29 anos, e tempo de treino de pelo menos um ano. Para a coleta de dados, foi utilizado um adipômetro científico da marca Cescorf, uma balança eletrônica da marca Supermed, um estadiômetro de parede da marca Sanny, e para a bioimpedância foi utilizado o aparelho BF-900. Para análise de dados foi utilizado o software Microsoft Excel 2010, e do software Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS) 23.0. O presente estudo, mostrou que a análise de espessura de dobras cutâneas, e bioimpedância elétrica, trazem resultados diferenciados. Em relação ao resultado do percentual de gordura obtido por ambos os métodos, foi constatado um valor elevado, principalmente para mulheres, comparado ao perfil dos participantes da pesquisa. A pesquisa não buscou verificar qual dos dois métodos apresentam fidedignidade maior, mas recomenda-se que ao realizar o teste, independente do método escolhido, o mesmo deve se repetir na avaliação seguinte, para ter-se um comparativo mais confiável.

ANALYSIS AND COMPARISON OF BODY FAT PERCENTAGE IN PEOPLE WHO WORK OUT

ABSTRACT

This study aimed at analyzing and comparing the body fat percentage in people who work out at the Gym in Centro Universitário Católica de Quixadá (UNICATÓLICA), using the skinfold thickness methods and electrical bioimpedance. Therefore, the participants were submitted to these two kinds of physical evaluation in order to obtain and compare the results between the two methods. 15 people, male and female, with ages from 20 to 29 years old, and at least one year of training, participated in the research. To data collection, it was used a scientific adipometer (Cescorf), an electronic scale (Supermed), a wall stadiometer (Sanny), and to the bioimpedance it was used the BF-900. Data analysis was carried out using Microsoft Excel 2010, and StatisticalPackage for Social Science software (SPSS) 23.0. The study indicates that the skinfold thickness analysis and electrical bioimpedance reveal different results. Related to the result of the body fat percentage obtained by both methods, it was observed a high value, mainly for women, compared to the research participants’ profile. The research did not aimed at verifying which of the two methods present greater reliability, but it is recommended that when carrying out the test, regardless of the chosen method, it should be repeated in the next evaluation, in order to have a more reliable comparison.
Allylic Chloro-Tetrahydropyridines: Kinetic Resolutions and Stereospecific Reactions of Enantiomerically Enriched Allyl Chlorides
Authors: Karabiyikoglu Sedef , Brethomé Alexandre , Palacin Thomas , Paton Robert , Fletcher Stephen P.
Published: May 2019

We report the kinetic resolution of racemic allyl chlorides via a copper-catalysed asymmetric allylic alkylation. Novel 3-alkyl substituted tetrahydropyridines and enantioenriched 3-chloro-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridines are formed in high enantioselectivities. The piperidine-based allyl halides undergo highly enantiospecific substitution reactions with C, N, O and S-based nucleophiles. Experiments with deuterium-labelled chloro-tetrahydropyridine and DFT calculations were used to investigate the mechanistic pathways of the reactions.
Role of Structural Defects in the Adsorption and Separation of C3 Hydrocarbons in Zr-Fumarate-MOF (MOF-801)
Authors: Iacomi Paul , Formalik Filip , Marreiros Joao , Shang Jin , Rogacka Justyna , Mohmeyer Alexander , Behrens Peter , Ameloot Rob , Kuchta Bogdan , Llewellyn Philip L.
Published: May 2019

An effective separation of propylene/propane mixtures is one of the most important processes in the petrochemical industry. Incidentally this separation is challenging due to the extensive similarities between both gases in terms of physicochemical properties such as, but not only limited to, boiling point, kinetic diameter and molecular weight. A drive to switch to less energy consuming processes, like adsorption or membrane separation, has highlighted several microporous metal organic frameworks as promising materials. In this work, we present a combined numerical and experimental investigation on propane and propylene adsorption in Zr-fumarate-MOF (also known as MOF-801), a small pore isoreticular analogue of UiO-66. Here, we demonstrate how the presence of structural defects can completely change the sorptive properties and separation performance of the Zr-fumarate-MOF, with enhanced capacity and gas diffusion rates for C3-sized hydrocarbons at the cost of kinetic selectivity. Extensive GCMC simulations performed on mixed defective supercells show that a percentage of missing cluster defects of around 1/8th can best account for the experimental results. Furthermore, analysis of low-frequency phonon spectra is used to explain gaseous diffusion in the original pristine material. A slight preference for propane over propylene is highlighted in the defective sample, and confirmed through column breakthrough experiments, suggesting the potential applicability of the Zr-fumarate-MOF in this challenging separation.
Targeted Desialylation Overcomes Glyco-Immune Checkpoints and Potentiates the Anticancer Immune Response in Vivo
Authors: Gray Melissa , Stanczak Michal A. , Xiao Han , Pijnenborg Johan F. A. , Malaker Stacy A. , Weidenbacher Payton A. , Tanzo Julia T. , Ahn Green , Woods Elliot C. , Läubli Heinz , Bertozzi Carolyn
Published: May 2019

Currently approved immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) therapies targeting the PD-1 and CTLA-4 receptor pathways are powerful treatment options for certain cancers; however, the majority of patients across cancer types still fail to respond. Addressing alternative pathways that mediate immune suppression could enhance ICI efficacy. One such mechanism is the increase in sialic acid-containing proteins and lipids (sialoglycans) in malignancy, which recently has been shown to inhibit immune cell activation through multiple mechanisms including Siglec receptor binding, and therefore represents a targetable glyco-immune checkpoint. Here, we report the design of a trastuzumab- sialidase conjugate that potently and selectively strips diverse sialoglycans from breast cancer cells in vivo. In a syngeneic orthotopic HER2+ breast cancer model, targeted desialylation delayed tumor growth and enhanced immune cell infiltration and activation, leading to prolonged survival of mice with trastuzumab-resistant breast cancer. Thus, antibody-sialidase conjugates represent a promising modality for cancer immune therapy.
Practical Considerations for Continuum Models Applied to Surface Electrochemistry
Authors: Gauthier Joseph , Dickens Colin , Ringe Stefan , Chan Karen
Published: May 2019

Modelling the electrolyte at the electrochemical interface remains a major challenge in ab initio simulations of charge transfer processes at surfaces. Recently, the development of hybrid polarizable continuum models/ab initio models have allowed for the treatment of solvation and electrolyte charge in a computationally efficient way. How- ever, challenges remain in its application. Recent literature has reported that large cell heights are required to reach convergence, which presents a serious computational cost. Furthermore, calculations of reaction energetics require costly iterations to tune the surface charge to the desired potential. In this work, we present a simple capacitor model of the interface that illuminates how to circumvent both of these challenges. We derive a correction to the energy for finite cell heights to obtain the large cell energies at no additional computational expense. We furthermore demonstrate that the reaction energetics determined at constant charge are easily mapped to those at constant potential, which eliminates the need to apply iterative schemes to tune the system to a constant potential. These developments together represent more than an order of magnitude reduction of the computational overhead required for the application of polarizable continuum models to surface electrochemistry.
If You Cannot Win Them, Join Them: Understanding New Ways to Target STAT3 by Small Molecules
Authors: Sabanés Francesc , de Souza Cunha Joao Victor , Estrada-Tejedor Roger , Bronowska Agnieszka K
Published: May 2019

Signal transducer activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) is among the most investigated oncogenic transcription factors, as it is highly associated with cancer initiation, progression, metastasis, chemoresistance, and immune evasion. The recent evidence from both preclinical and clinical studies have demonstrated that STAT3 plays a critical role in several malignancies associated with poor prognosis such as glioblastoma and triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC), and STAT3 inhibitors have shown efficacy in inhibiting cancer growth and metastasis. Constitutive activation of STAT3 by mutations occurs frequently in tumour cells, and directly contributes to many malignant phenotypes. Unfortunately, detailed structural biology studies on STAT3 as well as target-based drug discovery efforts have been hampered by difficulties in the expression and purification of the full length STAT3 and a lack of ligand-bound crystal structures.Considering these, molecular modelling and simulations offer an attractive strategy for the assessment of “druggability” of STAT3 dimers and allow investigations of reported activating and inhibiting STAT3 mutants at the atomistic level of detail. In the present study, we focused on the effects exerted by reported STAT3 mutations on the protein structure, dynamics, DNA binding and dimerisation, thus linking structure, dynamics, energetics, and the biological function. By employing atomistic molecular dynamics (MD) and umbrella sampling (US) simulations to a series of human STAT3 dimer, which comprised wild-type protein and four mutations; we explained the modulation of STAT3 activity by these mutations. Counter-intuitively, our results show that D570K inhibitory mutation exerts its effect by enhancing rather than weakening STAT3-DNA interactions, which interferes with the DNA release by the protein dimer and thus inhibits STAT3 function as a transcription factor. We mapped the binding site and characterised the binding mode of a clinical candidate napabucasin/BBI-608 at STAT3, which resembles the effect of D570K mutation. We also discovered a novel binding site at STAT3 DNA binding domain, amenable to bind small molecule ligands.Our results contribute to understanding the activation/inhibition mechanism of STAT3, to explain the molecular mechanism of STAT3 inhibition by napabucasin/BBI-608. In this study, alongside the characterisation of the BBI-608 binding mode, we mapped a novel binding sites amenable to bind small molecule ligands, which may pave the way to design novel STAT3 inhibitors and to suggest new strategies for pharmacological intervention to combat cancers associated with poor prognosis.
REFLEXÕES SOBRE UMA ÉTICA NA TRADUÇÃO
Authors: Santos Giovana Bleyer F. dos , Torres Marie-Hélène C.
Published: May 2019

Este artigo é fruto da tese de doutorado em andamento intitulada Paul et Virginie: os paratextos em tradução e as traduções brasileiras no século XX, que, entre outros objetivos, propõe uma análise diacrônica das sete traduções brasileiras encontradas do romance Paul et Virginie de Bernardin de Saint-Pierre, e uma tradução comentada dos três paratextos que acompanham a obra. Para o desenvolvimento de nossa análise, que segue um princípio pautado em uma ética da tradução, nos baseamos em reflexões de autores como Antoine Berman e Lawrence Venuti. E para validar o uso dos paratextos como um recurso mediador no processo tradutório e na recepção de um texto dentro de um sistema, em Gérard Genette. Dessa maneira, procuraremos apresentar neste artigo as conceituações teóricas que regem parte de nosso horizonte tradutório.
“A CHUVA APODRECIA OS CAMPOS E OS HOMENS”:
Authors: Aquino André Luis Valadares de
Published: May 2019

A partir do ensaio fulcral de Sigmund Freud, Luto e Melancolia - Trauer Und Melancolie (1917) -, propomos situar a experiência de linguagem oferecida pela prosa ficcional Chove nos campos de cachoeira (1941), de Dalcídio Jurandir, no contexto da investigação sobre as expressões do inconsciente, em especial a afecção melancólica. Dizendo de outro modo, propomos identificar o quadro clínico de personagens afetadas, os "sintomas" mobilizados na estrutura narrativa, a representação do trabalho da melancolia no texto literário. Assim, apontamos para a vocação da escritura dalcidiana para a tradução melancólica, conciliando o conceito de melancolia entre Sigmund Freud e Walter Benjamin, em vista do empenho tradutório que aparece na obra de Jurandir.
O AUTOR, O TRADUTOR SEMPRE VISÍVEL E O PODER SIMBÓLICO
Authors: Querido Alessandra Matias
Published: May 2019

Uma das discussões teóricas nos Estudos de Tradução diz respeito à visibilidade/invisibilidade do tradutor e à fidelidade ao texto-fonte. Acreditamos que o tradutor está sempre visível no texto por suas diversas escolhas e que a discussão sobre a visibilidade deveria extrapolar os limites textuais, tendo em vista que a questão refere-se a aspectos sociais que legitimam ou não o trabalho do autor e do tradutor, ou o poder simbólico dado a cada um deles na sociedade.
A TRADUÇÃO E A CRIAÇÃO DE MONSTROS:
Authors: Rodrigues Cândida Laner
Published: May 2019

Este artigo visa retomar alguns dos conceitos referentes à tradução apresentados no texto A tarefa do tradutor, de Walter Benjamin, a fim de elaborar uma analogia entre o processo tradutório e o processo da criação do monstro (e o monstro em si) na obra Frankenstein, de Mary Shelley. Visando, enfim, a uma discussão dos conceitos de tradução de Benjamin, bem como uma análise diferenciada do monstro – o traduzido – e de seu criador, Victor Frankenstein – o tradutor.
O PAPEL DE UMA INTÉRPRETE NO MEIO ARTÍSTICO E SOCIAL DO CIRQUE DU SOLEIL
Authors: Fernandes Sônia
Published: May 2019

A visibilidade do intérprete no discurso e nas relações com os agentes envolvidos na prática da interpretação, assim como sua participação ativa na manutenção e criação de normas de interpretação de uma instituição têm ocupado um lugar de destaque em estudos recentes da área. A partir do estudo de caso de uma intérprete que trabalha no Cirque du Soleil, propomos algumas reflexões sobre o papel linguístico e social que ela ocupa na instituição e em suas relações com os agentes desse meio. Refletiremos também sobre o desenvolvimento de seu habitus de intérprete e sua função como agente social por trás do papel de intérprete.
Penggunaan Aplikasi Komputer dalam Peningkatan Kinerja Guru Sekolah Dasar Negeri 01 Kembangarum Semarang
Authors: Lestariningsih Enny Dwi , Wijayatiningsih Testiana Deni , Pramudibyo Hascaryo , Dalyono Bambang , Agustina Dwi Ampuni
Published: May 2019

Sebagian guru di SD Negeri Kembangarum 01 banyak yang masih gagap teknologi terutama mereka yang sudah jadi guru sejak lama atau senior karena selama mereka kuliah, teknologi komputer dan internet belum sebanyak sekarang. Berdasarkan paparan tersebut, semua guru dituntut untuk selalu mengembangkan diri sejalan dengan kemajuan  ilmu pengetahuan dan teknologi. Tetapi pada kenyataannya kemampuan mereka cenderung relatif standar hanya mampu mengoperasikan microsoft words saja. Berdasarkan pernyataan tersebut, tim pengabdi kami memfokuskan pengabdian masyarakat pada pemanfaatan teknologi komputer pada guru SDN 01 Kembangarum Semarang yang berjumlah 21 orang. Adapun metode pelatihan yang dilakukan menggunakan metode ceramah, praktek, dan evaluasi kepuasan peserta pelatihan. Dari program pelatihan pengabdian masyarakat tersebut dihasilkan peningkatan kemampuan mengoperasikan microsoft words, power point, microsoft excel, pelatihan membuat email, dan pelatihan mendaftar website di wordpress. Para guru menjadi termotivasi untuk lebih menggunakan power point, dan website gratis sebagai media pembelajaran dan penghitungan dalam excel untuk mengevaluasi penilaian siswa baik ulangan harian, tugas, UTS, atau UAS.Keywords: aplikasi komputer, kinerja guru, sekolah dasar.AbstractSome teachers at Public Elementary School of Kembangarum 1 are technologically illiterate, primarily the senior ones, for when they were students the technology was not as high as it is now. Based on that, all of the teachers are asked to always develop themselves in line with the advancement of science and technology. I fact, their abilities are relatively standard, only able to operate Microsoft Word. Therefore, we conducted a community service focusing on utilizing computer technology for 21 teachers at Public Elementary School of Kembangarum 1 Semarang. Methods used were lecture, practice, evaluation on satisfaction, and training. Results of the community service showed that the ability to operate Microsoft Word, Power Point, and Microsoft Excel improved. Trainings on how to create an email and register a website on Wordpress were also given. The teachers were more motivated to use Power Point application and free-of-charge website as learning and calculating media in excel in order to evaluate the students’ assessments in both daily tests, assignments, mid-term test, and post-term test.
Czego chce Basia od polskiego społeczeństwa?
Authors: Cackowska Małgorzata
Published: May 2019

W artykule przedstawiono analizę i krytykę reprezentacji przestrzeni życiowych współczesnego dziecka w niezwykle popularnej polskiej serii książek obrazkowych o codziennym życiu małej dziewczynki o imieniu Basia. Artykuł opisuje obraz jej domu rodzinnego jako przestrzeni, która ma znaczenie dla rozwoju młodego człowieka w jego kulturowych, społecznych i politycznych aspektach, i próbuje odpowiedzieć na pytanie, czego ten (bardzo popularny) przekaz chce od swoich czytelników, od polskiego społeczeństwa? Pytanie pojawiające się w tytule jest trawestacją tytułu książki What Do Pictures Want? W.J.T. Mitchella, jednego z najwybitniejszych badaczy i teoretyków kultury wizualnej, który analizował różne relacje między współczesną publicznością a reprezentacjami obecnymi w obrazach, poszukując wiedzy o kondycji współczesnego odbiorcy (Mitchell 2015).

Podsumowując, krytyczne podejście do serii książek analizowanych w tekście wynika z wrażliwości na dostrzeżenie fenomenu szerokiego zakresu politycznie jednostronnej siły reprodukcji modeli zawartych w książkach.
Obrazki z dziecięcego świata. Dziecko i dzieciństwo na materiałach ikonograficznych w publikacjach adresowanych do dzieci z II połowy XIX i początku XX wieku – wybrane problemy
Authors: Nawrot-Borowska Monika
Published: May 2019

W polskiej historiografii w ostatnich dziesięcioleciach zaobserwowano rosnące zainteresowanie problematyką dziecka i dzieciństwa w przeszłości. Badacze coraz częściej i chętniej podejmują badania nad dzieckiem i światem dziecka wpisane w tak zwaną społeczną historię edukacji oraz historię życia prywatnego i codziennego.

Przedmiotem odkryć jest dziecko i dzieciństwo, jak pokazano na materiałach ikonograficznych. Przedział czasowy obejmuje drugą połowę XIX i początek XX wieku, ponieważ w tym okresie nastąpił znaczny wzrost liczby i rodzajów publikacji ilustrowanych licznymi grafikami, a wraz z upływem czasu zdjęciami. Należą do nich czasopisma kobiece, rodzinne, dziecięce, polityczno-społeczne i literackie, opowieści dla młodszych i starszych dzieci, tablice i materiały ilustracyjne do nauki. Dagerotypy - fotografie stają się powszechne, publikowane są pocztówki. Te z nich, które były adresowane do dzieci, będą wykorzystywane jako podstawa tego tekstu, służąca do przedstawienia świata dziecka. Ze względu na zakres materiału źródłowego zostaną pokazane tylko wybrane zagadnienia i aspekty dzieciństwa na ziemiach polskich w badanym okresie. Przedstawione zostaną poszczególne typy źródeł ikonograficznych, na których badacz może znaleźć tytuł "obrazy ze świata dziecka". Oprócz omówienia ich specyfiki zostaną przedstawione przykłady ilustrujące zwyczajność i niezwykłość codziennego życia dziecka.