bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
ANALISIS EFIKASI DIRI DALAM PEMECAHAN MASALAH MATEMATIS PESERTA DIDIK KELAS XI MA DARUL ULUM
Authors: Sholihah Imroatus , Munawwir Zainul , Noervadila Irma
Published: September 2020

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mendeskripsikan efikasi diri pada peserta didik dalam pemecahan masalah matematis ditinjau dari kemampuan matematika peserta didik kelas XI MA Darul Ulum tahun pelajaran 2019/2020. Jenis penelitian ini adalah deskriptif kualitatif. Subjek penelitian ini adalah dua peserta didik kelas XI MA Darul Ulum dengan kemampuan matematika yang berbeda yaitu tinggi dan sedang. Teknik pengumpulan data dalam penelitian ini adalah observasi, wawancara, tes pemecahan masalah, dan dokumentasi. Analisis data dalam penelitian ini dianalisis pada setiap teknik pengumpulan data. Hasil analisis data menunjukkan bahwa tingkat efikasi diri dalam pemecahan masalah dari masing-masing peserta didik adalah berbeda, pada peserta didik berkemampuan matematika tinggi menunjukkan efikasi diri yang tinggi, peserta didik berkemampuan matematika sedang menunjukkan efikasi diri yang rendah, namun dalam pemecahan masalah peserta didik berkemampuan matematika sedang lebih baik dari pada pemecahan masalah peserta didik berkemampuan matematika tinggi.
Relationship between Liquidity Management and Growth of MSMEs in Africa: A Case Study of Selected Districts of Uganda
Authors: Mayanja Sazir Nsubuga , Mayanja Shakira Namutebi
Published: September 2020

Purpose: The study set out to establish to what extent, if any, a relationship exists between liquidity management and growth of MSMEs in Africa, with Uganda as a case study.Methodology: The study used a combination of cross sectional and descriptive designs in which both qualitative and quantitative approaches were adopted. Questionnaires were administered to respondents who answered both open-ended and close-ended questions. Quantitative data was analysed by means of frequencies, percentages, regression analysis and means correlations to arrive at conclusions. The qualitative aspect of the research was intended to clarify the quantitative findings and data.  A sample of 400 respondents was chosen from four districts of Wakiso, Mukono, Kampala and Jinja using random sampling. A sample of 400 was chosen from four districts of Wakiso, Mukono, Kampala and Jinja. Of these 371 responded. This represents a satisfactory response rate of over 92%.Findings: This relationship was confirmed by ANOVA results of a large F- Value (23.215) and small significance level (P or 0.000<0.05).  Conclusion from the research is that there is a significant relationship between management of liquidity and growth of MSMEs in UgandaUnique Contribution to Practice and Policy: It is recommended that MSMEs review modes of financing liquidity requirements. It is further recommended that MSMEs should practice effective cash planning and investment of surplus funds in ways and manner that enhance the capital, and consequently, growth of the firms. The results of the study should provide very useful input for policy makers, SME managers and owners while making to enhance growth of MSMEs. It is also useful for researchers and academics
Adversidad y resiliencia en la creación artística de Rossana Zaera y Teresa Cebrián
Authors: Gil Gil Cristian , Barón Linares Vicente , De Soto Navalón Abaroa , Cháfer Bixquert Teresa
Published: September 2020

La adversidad como infortunio ha formado parte de la inevitable existencia del ser humano, quien experimentándola en la propia piel ha tomado consciencia del mundo que le rodea. Estas experiencias, que siempre implican un aprendizaje, a veces suponen además una metamorfosis corporal en el individuo. Una información y/o deformación que condiciona vida y pensamiento. Para nosotros, además, supone un núcleo de reflexión, análisis y transmisión de conocimiento. Así mismo, como creadores nos permite el desarrollo de la práctica artística como medio de introspección, meditación y apropiación de nuestra experiencia.

Experiencias adversas como el dolor, la muerte, la enfermedad, el sufrimiento y su impacto en el tiempo, han sido motivo de reflexión y motor de creación para artistas contemporáneos dentro del panorama nacional e internacional. En este artículo, desarrollado dentro de nuestra línea de investigación dedicada al arte y la enfermedad, nos centraremos en el análisis de la obra de Rossana Zaera y Teresa Cebrián, dos creadoras que, tratando temas de carácter transcultural para el individuo, han canalizado su propia vivencia de la realidad que las rodea por medio de la creación artística. Su reflexión e investigación les han permitido indagar en la oscura realidad que atormenta al ser humano y transmitirnos sus inquietudes a través de la amplitud de posibilidades en su representación artística.
Editorial
Authors: Debona Vilmar , Trevisan Diego Kosbiau , Tonetto Milene Consenso
Published: September 2020

Este texto não apresenta resumo.
David Hume e a diferença como princípio cosmopolita
Authors: Limongi Maria Isabel
Published: September 2020

Este artigo aborda a temática do cosmopolitismo tendo Hume por referência. Para Hume, o cosmopolitismo concerne aos processos históricos e efetivos de integração de pontos de vista, interesses e perspectivas, que acompanham o advento e o avanço das sociedades comerciais. Num primeiro momento, apresento e justifico o recurso à abordagem humiana do tema. Num segundo passo, reconstruo e destaco a maneira com que Hume pensou tais processos, enquanto aqueles que se fazem a partir do reconhecimento das diferenças, particularidades e parcialidade dos pontos de vista, e não da identidade, universalidade e imparcialidade dos mesmos. Argumento que a posição humiana é promissora para lidar com a questão que surge quando o assunto é Cosmopolitismo: qual a extensão do campo cosmopolita? Quem faz parte deste campo, quem não faz?
É possível uma Constituição sem Estado? Uma análise da proposta habermasiana de política mundial sem governo mundial
Authors: Consani Cristina Foroni
Published: September 2020

Este artigo apresenta e analisa a proposta habermasiana de uma política mundial sem governo mundial. Isso é realizado em três momentos: primeiramente, apresenta-se o modelo cosmopolita habermasiano e o seu sistema de instituições em múltiplos níveis, o qual abarca a tese da possibilidade da existência de uma Constituição sem Estado; em um segundo momento, serão apresentadas algumas objeções a esta tese, principalmente as críticas dirigidas recentemente a Habermas por William Scheuerman. Por fim, será analisado em que medida a teoria habermasiana oferece respostas às críticas formuladas.
Manifestações brasileiras e o Movimento Vem Pra Rua: breve análise dos acontecimentos
Authors: Sturari Vinícius De Souza
Published: September 2020

A intensificação de manifestações de rua e em rede nos últimos anos marca uma mudança nos padrões de participação política. No Brasil, grandes manifestações eclodiram em 2013 e 2015, com demandas diferentes, mas em comum a forma de organização: prioritariamente por meio da internet. Essa nova dinâmica participativa traz novos atores, movimentos sociais que usam a internet para sua organização. Dentre eles destacamos o Vem Pra Rua, um dos principais articuladores das manifestações de 2015, criado por dois empresários paulistas e que conquistou grande apoio de famosos e políticos. Nesse artigo fizemos um retrospecto das manifestações brasileiras elencando o papel do movimento Vem Pra Rua nos atos mais recentes. A metodologia adotada constituiu um levantamento bibliográfico sobre o tema, bem como coleta de dados nas redes sociais e publicações sobre o movimento. Percebemos, conforme demonstramos, o importante papel da internet na organização dos atos enquanto um mecanismo que proporciona inovações e mudanças nos padrões de participação política e como os novos movimentos sociais utilizaram esse mecanismo para isso.
Formation of a bottomside secondary sodium layer associated with the passage of multiple mesospheric frontal systems
Authors: Narayanan Viswanathan Lakshmi , Nozawa Satanori , Oyama Shin-Ichiro , Mann Ingrid , Shiokawa Kazuo , Otsuka Yuichi , Saito Norihito , Wada Satoshi , Kawahara Takuya D. , Takahashi Toru
Published: September 2020

Abstract. We present a detailed investigation of the formation of a secondary sodium layer at altitudes of 79–85 km below the main sodium layer based on sodium lidar and airglow imager measurements made at Ramfjordmoen near Tromsø, Norway on the night of 19 December 2014. The airglow imager observations of OH emission revealed four passing frontal systems that resembled mesospheric bores which typically occur in ducting regions of the upper mesosphere. For about 1.5 hours, the lower altitude sodium layer had densities similar to that of the main layer with a peak around 90 km. The lower altitude sodium layer weakened and disappeared soon after the fourth front had passed. The fourth front had weakened in intensity by the time it approached the region of lidar beams and disappeared soon afterwards. The column integrated sodium densities increased gradually during formation of the lower altitude sodium layer. Temperatures measured with the lidar indicate that there was a strong thermal duct structure between 87 and 93 km. Furthermore, the temperature was enhanced below 85 km. Horizontal wind magnitudes estimated from the lidar showed strong wind shears above 93 km. We conclude that the combination of an enhanced stability region due to the temperature profile and intense wind shears have provided ideal conditions for evolution of multiple mesospheric bores revealed as frontal systems in OH images. The downward motion associated with the fronts appeared to have brought air rich in H and O from higher altitudes into the region below 85 km wherein the temperatures were also relatively high. This would have liberated sodium atoms from the reservoir species and suppressed the re-conversion of atomic sodium into reservoir species so that the lower altitude sodium layer could form and the column abundance could increase. The presented observations also reveal the importance of mesospheric frontal systems in bringing about significant variation of minor species over shorter temporal intervals.
Chemical Composition of PM2.5 in October 2017 Northern California Wildfire Plumes
Authors: Liang Yutong , Jen Coty N. , Weber Robert J. , Misztal Pawel K. , Goldstein Allen H.
Published: September 2020

Abstract. Wildfires have become more common and intense in the western US over recent decades due to a combination of historical land management and warming climate. Emissions from large scale fires now frequently affect populated regions such as the San Francisco Bay Area during the fall wildfire season, with documented impacts of the resulting particulate matter on human health. Health impacts of exposure to wildfire emissions depend on the chemical composition of particulate matter, but the molecular composition of the real biomass burning organic aerosol (BBOA) that reaches large population centers remains insufficiently characterized. We took PM2.5 (particles having aerodynamic diameters less than or equal to 2.5 μm) samples at the University of California, Berkeley campus (~60 km downwind of the fires) during the October 2017 Northern California wildfires period, and analyzed molecular composition of OA using a two-dimensional gas-chromatography coupled with high resolution time-of-flight mass spectrometer (GC×GC ToFMS). Sugar-like compounds were the most abundant component of BBOA, followed by mono-carboxylic acids, aromatic compounds, other oxygenated compounds and terpenoids. The vast majority of compounds detected in smoke have unknown health impacts. Regression models were trained to predict the saturation vapor pressure and averaged carbon oxidation state of compounds. The compounds speciated have a wide volatility distribution and most of them are highly oxygenated. In addition, time series of primary BBOA tracers observed in Berkeley were found to be indicative of the types of plants in the ecosystems burned in Napa and Sonoma, and could be used to differentiate the regions from which the smoke must have originated. Commonly used secondary BBOA markers like 4-nitrocatechol were enhanced when plumes aged, but their very fast formation caused them to have similar temporal variation as primary BBOA tracers. Using hierarchical clustering analysis, we classified compounds into 7 factors indicative of their sources and transformation processes, identifying a unique daytime secondary BBOA factor. Chemicals associated with this factor include multifunctional acids and oxygenated aromatic compounds. These compounds have high average carbon oxidation state, and are also semivolatile. We observed no net particle-phase organic carbon formation, which indicates an approximate balance between the mass of evaporated primary and secondary organic carbonaceous compounds to the addition of secondary organic carbonaceous compounds.
A dense network of cosmic-ray neutron sensors for soil moisture observation in a highly instrumented pre-Alpine headwater catchment in Germany
Authors: Fersch Benjamin , Francke Till , Heistermann Maik , Schrön Martin , Döpper Veronika , Jakobi Jannis , Baroni Gabriele , Blume Theresa , Bogena Heye , Budach Christian , Gränzig Tobias , Förster Michael , Güntner Andreas , Hendricks Franssen Harrie-Jan , Kasner Mandy , Köhli Markus , Kleinschmit Birgit , Kunstmann Harald , Patil Amol , Rasche Daniel , Scheiffele Lena , Schmidt Ulrich , Szulc-Seyfried Sandra , Weimar Jannis , Zacharias Steffen , Zreda Marek , Heber Bernd , Kiese Ralf , Mares Vladimir , Mollenhauer Hannes , Völksch Ingo , Oswald Sascha
Published: September 2020

Abstract. Monitoring soil moisture is still a challenge: it varies strongly in space and time and at various scales while conventional sensors typically suffer from small spatial support. With a sensor footprint up to several hectares, cosmic-ray neutron sensing (CRNS) is a modern technology to address that challenge. So far, the CRNS method has typically been applied with single sensors or in sparse national-scale networks. This study presents, for the first time, a dense network of 24 CRNS stations that covered, from May to July 2019, an area of just 1 km2: the pre-Alpine Rott headwater catchment in Southern Germany, which is characterized by strong soil moisture gradients in a heterogeneous landscape with forests and grasslands. With substantially overlapping sensor footprints, this network was designed to study root-zone soil moisture dynamics at the catchment scale. The observations of the dense CRNS network were complemented by extensive measurements that allow users to study soil moisture variability at various spatial scales: roving (mobile) CRNS units, remotely sensed thermal images from unmanned areal systems (UASs), permanent and temporary wireless sensor networks, profile probes, and comprehensive manual soil sampling. Since neutron counts are also affected by hydrogen pools other than soil moisture, vegetation biomass was monitored in forest and grassland patches, as well as meteorological variables; discharge and groundwater tables were recorded to support hydrological modeling experiments. As a result, we provide a unique and comprehensive data set to several research communities: to those who investigate the retrieval of soil moisture from cosmic-ray neutron sensing, to those who study the variability of soil moisture at different spatiotemporal scales, and to those who intend to better understand the role of root-zone soil moisture dynamics in the context of catchment and groundwater hydrology, as well as land–atmosphere exchange processes. The data set is available through the EUDAT Collaborative Data Infrastructure and is split into two subsets: https://doi.org/10.23728/b2share.282675586fb94f44ab2fd09da0856883 (Fersch et al., 2020a) and https://doi.org/10.23728/b2share.bd89f066c26a4507ad654e994153358b (Fersch et al., 2020b).
On the model uncertainties in Bayesian source reconstruction using
the emission inverse modelling system FREARtool v1.0 and the
Lagrangian transport and dispersion model Flexpart v9.0.2
Authors: De Meutter Pieter , Hoffman Ian , Ungar Kurt
Published: September 2020

Abstract. Bayesian source reconstruction is a powerful tool for determining atmospheric releases. It can be used, amongst other applications, to identify a point source releasing radioactive particles into the atmosphere. This is relevant for applications such as emergency response in case of a nuclear accident, or Comprehensive Nuclear-Test-Ban treaty verification. The method involves solving an inverse problem using environmental radioactivity observations and atmospheric transport models. The Bayesian approach has the advantage of providing credible intervals on the inferred source parameters in a natural way. However, it requires the specification of the inference input errors, such as the observation error and model error. The latter is particularly hard to provide as there is no straightforward way to determine the atmospheric transport and dispersion model error. Here, the importance of model error is illustrated for Bayesian source reconstruction using a recent and unique case where radionuclides were detected on several continents. A numerical weather prediction ensemble is used to create an ensemble of atmospheric transport and dispersion simulations, and a method is proposed to determine the model error.
Impact of a medicane on the oceanic surface layer from a coupled, kilometre-scale simulation
Authors: Bouin Marie-Noëlle , Lebeaupin Brossier Cindy
Published: September 2020

Abstract. A kilometre-scale coupled ocean–atmosphere numerical simulation is used to study the impact of the 7 November 2014 medicane on the oceanic upper layer. The processes at play are elucidated through analyses of the tendency terms for temperature and salinity in the oceanic mixed layer. While comparable by its maximum wind speed to a Category 1 tropical cyclone, the medicane results in a substantially weaker cooling. As in weak to moderate tropical cyclones, the dominant contribution to the surface cooling is the surface heat fluxes with secondary effects from the turbulent mixing and lateral advection. Upper-layer salinity decreases due to heavy precipitation that overcompensates the salinizing effect of evaporation and turbulent mixing. The upper-layer evolution is marked by several features believed to be typical of Mediterranean cyclones. First, strong, convective rain occurring at the beginning of the event builds a marked salinity barrier layer. As a consequence, the action of surface forcing is favoured and the turbulent mixing dampened with a net increase in the surface cooling as a result. Second, due to colder surface temperature and weaker stratification, a cyclonic eddy is marked by a weaker cooling opposite to what is usually observed in tropical cyclones. Third, the strong dynamics of the Strait of Sicily enhance the role of the lateral advection in the cooling and warming processes of the mixed layer.
Translating Commons’ ‘Industrial Goodwill’ Into Italian: Some Conceptual and Linguistic Considerations
Authors: Manzella Pietro , Kaufman Bruce E.
Published: September 2020

This paper examines the English-language term ‘industrial goodwill’, which was introduced into industrial relations discourse by John R. Commons in his book Industrial Goodwill (1919). The paper then goes on to investigate the challenges resulting from the attempts to translate this concept into Italian, as no equivalent exists in the target language which fully captures its English meaning. More generally, this case study is used to highlight the relevance of language in comparative research. This is particularly true in industrial relations, as concepts in this domain are frequently culture and context specific.
The Flesh of Fasts and Feasts: A Study of the Monastic Diet in Theory and Practice (c. 1025–1525)
Authors: Frayne Carl Tobias
Published: September 2020

This article examines the monastic diet during the high and late medieval periods. The evolution of this central aspect of daily life gives us greater insight into contemplative monks’ increasing worldliness. Monks not only fell short of their forefathers’ ideals, but also of their own codes of behavior. Their diet gradually became more akin to that of noblemen than to that of their ancient brothers and sisters. Frugality and temperance all too often gave way to indulgence and debauchery. Days on which one should have expected to endure the austerity of fasting were sometimes more reminiscent of the lavishness of feasts. In addition to mead, merriment, and music, meat invaded the cloister.
State Obligations to Counter Islamophobia: Comparing Fault Lines in the International Supervisory Practice of the HRC/ICCPR, the ECtHR and the AC/FCNM
Authors: Henrard Kristin
Published: September 2020

State Obligations to Counter Islamophobia: Comparing Fault Lines in the International Supervisory Practice of the HRC/ICCPR, the ECtHR and the AC/FCNM

Islamophobia, like xenophobia, points to deep-seated, ingrained discrimination against a particular group, whose effective enjoyment of fundamental rights is impaired. This in turn triggers the human rights obligations of liberal democratic states, more particularly states’ positive obligations (informed by reasonability considerations) to ensure that fundamental rights are effectively enjoyed, and thus also respected in interpersonal relationships. This article identifies and compares the fault lines in the practice of three international human rights supervisory mechanisms in relation to Islamophobia, namely the Human Rights Committee (International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights), the European Court of Human Rights (European Convention on Human Rights) and the Advisory Committee of the Framework Convention for the Protection of National Minorities. The supervisory practice is analysed in two steps: The analysis of each international supervisory mechanism’s jurisprudence, in itself, is followed by the comparison of the fault lines. The latter comparison is structured around the two main strands of strategies that states could adopt in order to counter intolerance: On the one hand, the active promotion of tolerance, inter alia through education, awareness-raising campaigns and the stimulation of intercultural dialogue; on the other, countering acts informed by intolerance, in terms of the prohibition of discrimination (and/or the effective enjoyment of substantive fundamental rights). Having regard to the respective strengths and weaknesses of the supervisory practice of these three international supervisory mechanisms, the article concludes with some overarching recommendations.
Reactie op ‘Verstoppertje in het enquêterecht’ van mr. P.H.M. Broere
Authors: Winkels J.
Published: September 2020

Reactie op ‘Verstoppertje in het enquêterecht’ van mr. P.H.M. Broere

De auteur geeft een reactie op het artikel van Broere over het verschoningsrecht en weigeringsrecht in enquêteprocedures. Ze bespreekt het belang, de grondslag en de reikwijdte van het verschoningsrecht en haar bezwaren tegen de door Broere geopperde mogelijkheden om aan de gevolgen van een beroep op het weigeringsrecht te ontkomen.
Politische Solidarität in transnationaler Perspektive
Authors: Reder Michael , Heindl Alexander
Published: September 2020

Solidarität wird oft an die soziale Gemeinschaft gebunden. Ein solches Verständnis greift in einer globalisierten Welt offensichtlich zu kurz. Demgegenüber argumentiert der Beitrag für ein politisches Verständnis von globaler Solidarität. Ein solches Konzept zielt, im Kontrast zu einem Fokus auf soziale Solidarität, auf gesellschaftlichen Wandel und beinhaltet ein utopisches Moment. Dabei geht es den vielfältigen und teilweise auch konfligierenden Praktiken politischer Solidarität im globalen Kontext vor allem um eine Kritik an und eine Alternative zu traditionellen politischen Strategien und deren Umgang mit globalen Herausforderungen. Im Kampf um globale Lösungsvorschläge zielen sie auf eine Hör- und Sichtbarmachung der Ausgeschlossenen angesichts vielfältiger Krisen. Dabei erweist sich gerade die Pluralität dieser Praktiken als ein wichtiges demokratisches Potenzial.
Geflüchtete Familien nach Medienrepertoires und Medienregeln befragen – Reflexion von Forschungsdesign und Umsetzung
Authors: Rothenberger Liane ,   al.
Published: September 2020

Dieser Forumsbeitrag reflektiert Forschungsdesign und -umsetzung einer Studie zu Medienrepertoires und -regeln in irakischen und syrischen Flüchtlingsfamilien (Rothenberger et al. 2019a; 2019b). Im Fokus des Beitrags stehen dabei Überlegungen zur Anlage der Studie, zu Feldzugang und Rekrutierung der InterviewteilnehmerInnen, sprachlichen und kulturellen Barrieren, einem möglichen Gender-Bias und Schwierigkeiten in der konkreten Interviewsituation. Weiterhin diskutieren wir ethische Abwägungen und den Einsatz von Incentives. Die Aufbereitung des gewonnenen Interviewmaterials, also Transkription, Übersetzung und Auswertung, wird ebenfalls kritisch hinterfragt. Ziel des Beitrags ist es, den Forschungsprozess kritisch zu reflektieren, um Hinweise für eine angemessenere Forschung geben zu können.
Cost-Effectiveness Analysis of Pulse Oximetry Screening in the Full-Term Neonates for Diagnosis of Congenital Heart Disease: A Systematic Review
Authors: Nargesi Shahin , Rezapour Aziz , Souresrafil Aghdas , Dolatshahi Zeinab , Khodaparast Farnaz
Published: September 2020

Context: Congenital heart disease (CHD) is a leading cause of mortality by birth defects with significant social and economic burden. Pulse oximetry as a safe and non-invasive screening method, and with its potential for early detection of CHD has improved neonatal health outcomes. Objectives: The aim of this study was to systematically review economic evaluation studies that compared pulse oximetry with current programs to diagnose early detection of CHD in full-term newborns. Data Sources: A systematic review was conducted according to preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses (PRISMA) guidelines, and related articles published from 1995 up to March 2020 were searched in different databases (MEDLINE, EMBASE, PubMed, Science Direct, Google Scholar, Scopus, NHS EED, Science Citation Index, MagIran, Cochrane Library, EconLit and SID). The articles were selected based on inclusion and exclusion criteria. Consolidated health economic evaluation reporting standards (CHEERS) statement checklist was used to qualitatively evaluate the papers. Overall, 7 articles were included in the study. Results: Timely diagnosis was considered as main effectiveness health outcome in most studies. The highest and lowest values of incremental cost-effectiveness ratio (in two-phase studies) were €139,000 and $100 per infant in the Netherlands and Colombia respectively; and (in one-phase studies) were £24,000 and £1,489 per infant both belonging to the UK. Implementing pulse oximetry method concurrent with the clinical examination is more cost-effective. The reviewed studies had been conducted in high-income and upper middle-income countries; therefore, when the results are generalizing by policy makers in different health systems, a substantial precaution approach is needed.
The Effect of Six Weeks of High Intensity Interval Training on eNOS and PGC-1α Gene Expression in the Heart Tissue of Male Obese Rats
Authors: Ghadery Behnoush , Ghazalian Farshad , Hosseini Seyed Ali , Abed Natanzy Hossein , Shamsoddini Alireza
Published: September 2020

Background: Nowadays, obesity can affect heart function and induced atherosclerosis, high blood pressure, and heart arrhythmia, which has become a major problem for global health. Objectives: The present study aimed to review the effect of six weeks of high-intensity interval training (HIIT) on gene expression levels of PGC-1α and eNOS in the heart tissue of obese male rats. Methods: In this experimental study, 14 high-fat diet (HFD)-induced obese rats were divided into two groups of control and training. Also, 7 rats were placed in a non-obese control group to investigate the effects of obesity on research variables. During six weeks, rats in the training group performed HIIT three days per week. After six weeks, all rats were sacrificed, and their heart tissue was removed to measure the PGC-1α and eNOS gene expression. We used one-way ANOVA with Tukey’s post hoc tests (P ≤ 0.05) for statistical analysis. Results: HFD significantly decreased PGC-1α (P = 0.04) and eNOS (P = 0.001) gene expression, but HIIT significantly increased PGC-1α (P = 001) and eNOS (P = 0.001) gene expression. Conclusions: HIIT seems to improve cardiac gene expression levels of PGC-1α and eNOS of male obese rats.
Factors Contributing to Iranian Pregnant Women’s Tendency to Choice Cesarean Section
Authors: Nouraei Motlagh Soraya , Asadi-piri Zahra , Bajoulvand Razyeh , Seyed Mohseni Fatemeh , Bakhtiar Katayoun , Birjandi Mehdi , Mansouri Maryam
Published: September 2020

Background: Cesarean section (C-section) not only is associated with health risks for both mother and child, but also is costly. C-section rates are on the rise worldwide. In Iran, it is becoming a major challenge for current population policies. Objectives: The current study aimed to investigate the main factors of the tendency to C-section in Iran. Methods: In this cross-sectional study 320 pregnant women admitted to health centers in Lorestan province (west of Iran) in 2019 are included. Participants were selected using the multi-stage cluster sampling technique. Data were collected using a demographic form, the Fear of Pain Questionnaire, and the Knowledge and Attitude about Delivery Methods scale. Descriptive statistics and multivariate logistic regression model were employed to analyze the data using the Stata version 14. Results: 48.44% of participants preferred cesarean delivery. The mean scores of fear of pain in the C-section and vaginal delivery groups were 39.98 ± 8.21 and 36 ± 8.62, respectively, indicating a significant difference (P < 0.001). Level of education of the husband (OR = 2.79), income (OR = 5.9), fear of labor pain (OR = 1.04), history of C-section, and improved attitude toward C-section (P < 0.001) were directly associated with increased tendency to C-section (OR = 0.36); in contrast, female gender of the fetus (OR = 0.36), increased BMI (OR = 0.75), and improved attitude toward vaginal delivery were indirectly associated with women’s tendency to C-section. Conclusions: This study showed that while many pregnant women prefer vaginal delivery, the tendency to C-section in Lorestan province is high, which reveals the need to design and implement effective interventions and programs to reduce unnecessary C-section and promote vaginal delivery. Educating families, especially pregnant women, about the advantages and disadvantages of delivery modes, promoting and using new low pain techniques of vaginal delivery, and increasing women’s participation in childbirth preparation programs are effective measures that can reduce the rate of unnecessary C-section.
A visão encarnada do espectador: Formas de perceber, habitar e criar paisagens
Authors: Padovan Laila Renardini
Published: September 2020

Este trabalho teve como ponto de partida a problematização da relação entre corpo e espaço presente na dança realizada em salas de ensaio e em teatros italianos, questionando as ideias de um espaço neutro para o bailarino e de um único ponto de vista ideal para o espectador, e reconhecendo as relações de poder inerentes a essas espacialidades. A partir da reflexão sobre as criações em dança contextuais do projeto Corpo e Paisagem, defendeu-se a importância de práticas artísticas de posicionamento realizadas a partir de saberes localizados e de uma visão encarnada e contextualizada, para então rever os papéis do artista e do espectador e suas relações contemplativas e compositivas com a paisagem e com a obra artística.
Um “Transplante Dramatúrgico”: uma tradução comentada de La Mandragola de Maquiavel
Authors: Fonnesu Daniel , Caramori Alessandra Paola
Published: September 2020

Este ensaio é o relato de uma tradução comentada da comédia La Mandragola, do intelectual renascentista Nicolau Maquiavel, adaptada ao contexto contemporâneo da cidade de Salvador. O procedimento de tradução e sua análise permitiram, em primeiro lugar, evidenciar a importância de um estudo cuidadoso do vocabulário renascentista de cunho sexual para a recriação, no texto de chegada, dos duplos sentidos presentes no texto de partida, estudo viável graças às pesquisas de Valter Boggione (2016), que destacam, também, questões políticas e sociais presentes na peça. Em segundo lugar, com o auxílio dos estudos de Hannah Pitkin (2013), foi possível indicar algumas questões de gênero na peça maquiaveliana, in primis o papel da mulher. Desafios práticos da tradução, entre os quais a linguagem dos personagens, as características híbridas de um texto que contém prosa e poesia, e a distância histórica e geográfica entre a cultura do texto de partida e a do texto de chegada, foram postos em evidência e abordados mediante os procedimentos técnicos de tradução – em particular, o conceito de adaptação – sistematizados por Heloísa Gonçalves Barbosa (2004). Enfim, os autores introduziram o conceito de “transplante dramatúrgico”, transferência que se concretiza na cultura de chegada e que, ao mesmo tempo, revitaliza a cultura de partida, provocando, além do deslocamento do texto, o deslocamento do próprio tradutor.
Dança em texto: comunicação através dos textos sobre a dança
Authors: Rochelle Henrique
Published: September 2020

Formas textuais de abordagem da dança cênica ocidental são aqui consideradas através de uma proposta de divisão em quatro grupos: manuais, teoria, história, e crítica. Nelas, busca-se como baliza a ideia de que a dança é linguagem: uma forma de comunicação organizada por um sistema próprio, que é elaborado e explorado de modo particular por cada tipo de texto. Esta investigação se dirige a questionamentos como o porquê escrevemos sobre dança e o quê se escreve sobre dança, discutindo a especificidade dos escritos, sua relevância, e suas formas de apresentar e desenvolver elementos fundamentais da comunicação da dança.
Escrita acadêmica performática... Escrita F(r)iccional: Pureza e perigo
Authors: Lyra Luciana de Fátima Rocha Pereira
Published: September 2020

Este artigo discute o modo como transformamos a experiência artística em escrita, alcançando a dimensão performática deste ato liminar (Turner apud Dawsey, 2005). Do atrito entre corpo/escritura sugere o que se intitula artista/pesquisadora(o) de f(r)icção (Lyra, 2011, p.44), uma espécie de cartógrafa(o) que traça paisagens na relação eu/alteridade, gerando momentos eletrizantes de uma escrita acadêmica f(r)iccional. Faz-se mister frisar que o texto é calcado nas pesquisas no Núcleo de Antropologia, Performance e Drama (Napedra/2005-2013); nas experiências com a disciplina ministrada pela pesquisadora nos programas de pós-graduações em artes da UERJ, UDESC e UFRN (2017-2019); e na produção de artigos, dissertações e teses elaboradas com o grupo de pesquisa MOTIM – Mito, Rito e Cartografias Feministas nas Artes.
O Teatro documentário e o Nordeste: documentos no processo de criação
Authors: Lopes Cleilson Queiroz
Published: September 2020

Entrevista concedida via Skype pela atriz e diretora Quitéria Kelly do Grupo Carmin, na data 27 de janeiro de 2019, sobre os espetáculos Jacy e A Invenção do Nordeste. A entrevista surgiu do meu interesse sobre Teatro documentário, e aborda duas peças de estética de Teatro Documentário do Grupo Carmin.
ÉTICA E ENSINO SUPERIOR EM DESIGN
Authors: Cardoso Deborah Camila Viana , Rezende Edson José Carpintero
Published: September 2020

O design pertence ao campo das ciências sociais aplicadas e, por isso, aceita contribuições de diversas áreas para compor a matriz curricular da graduação. Isso, porém, muitas vezes contribui para a fragmentação do saber no ensino do design, sob o nome, muito usual, de interdisciplinaridade. Atualmente, as faculdades de design no Brasil se firmam como produtoras de conhecimento, mas ainda mantêm o foco no “ensinar a fazer”. É o que se verifica em disciplinas de prática projetual, muitas vezes sem embasamento teórico-científico e, principalmente, distantes do usuário real e da realidade social que cerca a universidade. Ignoram-se as finalidades do ensino superior e seus deveres em relação à sociedade, determinados em leis específicas, como a lei de Diretrizes e Bases da Educação Nacional – LDB - lei n° 9.394/1996. Com base nesses questionamentos e com foco na ética no ensino superior em design, construiu-se este artigo utilizando-se da revisão da literatura e da descrição de uma experiência em sala de aula, com o objetivo de questionar e avaliar a prática docente em uma faculdade de design e o papel do professor de design nos processos de ensino-aprendizagem. Concluiu-se que esses processos são uma realidade complexa e que estudos nesta área merecem desdobramentos.
Short Version of Self-Assessment Scale of Job Performance
Authors: Andrade Érika Guimarães Soares de Azevedo , Queiroga Fabiana , Valentini Felipe
Published: September 2020

Este artículo tiene como objetivo reducir la Escala de autoevaluación de Desempeño en el trabajo, como también controlar el direccionamiento de respuesta y aprobación, utilizando la técnica de viñetas y elementos invertidos. Para la reducción de la escala, se utilizó el banco de datos de la escala original, compuesta por 20 elementos divididos en dos factores: tarea y contexto. Para la reducción, fueron elegidos los 10 elementos con mayores cargas factoriales y thresholds. La escala reducida fue estimada por un factor general y dos dimensiones específicas: Tarea y contexto, representando un modelo bifactor, con indicadores de ajustes adecuados (RMSEA = 0,05; TLI = 0,98). Para controlar el direccionamiento de respuesta y aprobación, fue realizada una colecta de datos, en la cual las respuestas fueron recodificadas y realizados análisis factoriales con la finalidad de realizar una comparación de los resultados con y sin la utilización de viñetas y elementos invertidos. Los resultados apuntaron a que las viñetas mejoraron las cargas factoriales de los análisis, y que los elementos invertidos no tuvieron mejores resultados además de las viñetas.

This paper aims to reduce the job performance self-assessment scale as well as control the response and acquiescence bias using vignettes anchors and inverted items. For the reduction of the scale, the original scale database was used, composed of 20 items divided into two factors: task and context. For the reduction, the 10 items with higher factor loads and thresholds were chosen. The reduced scale was estimated by a general factor and two specific dimensions: task and context, representing a bifactor model, with adequate adjustment indicators (RMSEA = 0.05; TLI = 0.98). To control response bias and acquiescence, a second study was carried out, in which the responses were recoded and factor analyses were performed in order to make a comparison of the results with and without the use of the vignettes and inverted items. The results indicated that the vignettes improved the factorial loads, however, the inverted items did not perform better than the vignettes.
Forms of Freedoms: Marie Darrieussecq, Catherine Malabou, and the Plasticity of Science
Authors: Dalton Benjamin
Published: September 2020

This article brings the writing of Marie Darrieussecq into dialogue with the philosophy of Catherine Malabou, exploring how both think the mutability and transformability of the body in relation to recent scientific and technological discovery and innovation. From the metamorphosis of a woman into a sow in Truismes (1996) to the cloning of human life in Notre vie dans les forêts (2017), Darrieussecq’s novels foreground the body as a site of constant change and reinvention. Meanwhile, Malabou’s interdisciplinary elaboration of the concept of ‘plasticity’ between continental thought and the biological sciences reveals all structures and forms of life to be plastic and intrinsically open to change, from the neuroplasticity of the human brain to the epigenetic development of organisms. This article presents both Darrieussecq and Malabou as writers and thinkers of plasticity, exploring how their respective plasticities develop through a relationship to science which is itself changeable and ambiguous. In different but converging ways, both suggest how science discovers and innovates with the plasticity of life, whilst often also controlling and manipulating this same plasticity in the context of late capitalism. More optimistically, this article proposes that Darrieussecq and Malabou also envisage a becoming plastic of the sciences themselves, liberating plasticity as a discourse of freedom as a thinking with science, literature, and philosophy.
Becoming Indivisible in the Age of Cloning: Resistance, Individuality, and Photography in Notre vie dans les forêts
Authors: Stojanovic Sonja
Published: September 2020

After broaching the topic in two short stories included in the collection Zoo (2006) – “Quand je me sens très fatiguée le soir” and “Mon mari le clone” – Marie Darrieussecq, in her most recent novel Notre vie dans les forêts (2017), returns to the question of clones. In an age when high-tech surveillance and meticulous tracking mechanisms have become the norm, in a world where clones are used as spare parts to prolong one’s life, a group of rebels decides to resist and liberate their cloned halves, only to find out that they are also clones themselves; from their hiding place in a forest, the dying female narrator writes her story in a notebook hoping she will be remembered. This article considers how clones can be said to have a distinct and unique identity by tracing the evolution of the female narrator  from clone to individual. It also proposes to read the novel as a powerful series of snapshots that allow the narrator, through her photographic writing, to become her own ghost, as opposed to someone else’s clone.
[Fichier audio] PIGMENTS and the Clarinet Choir - Contre notre amour
Authors: Hazebrouck Guillaume
Published: September 2020

Pièce musicale du groupe PIGMENTS and the Clarinet Choir
Of bastards, slaves, dogs and other things: discourses of bourgeois transgression and illegitimacy in two francophone sub-saharan novels
Authors: Kamara Mohamed
Published: September 2020

The emergence and rise to preeminence of the bourgeoisie on the African political, social, and economic scenes have been the stuff of many novels. One could even argue that the rise of the sub-Saharan novel (because it is inherently connected to the colonial project) is more or less concurrent with the birth and rise of this class. In this essay, I seek to analyze the discourse of bourgeois transgression and illegitimacy as exemplified in two novels: Ahmadou Kourouma’s Les soleils des indépendances (1968) and Francis Bebey’s Le ministre et le griot (1992). The two works focus on the ruling elite in the immediate postcolonial period. In both novels, albeit in varying degrees, the colonial school is presented as the main catalyst of the change that occasioned the transgression decried by the members of the erstwhile aristocratic nobility.
Le Paris souterrain de Vassilis Alexakis dans L’Enfant grec : catabase funeste ou lieu de renaissance ?
Authors: Bessy Marianne
Published: September 2020

Cet article vise à interpréter la présence du sous-sol parisien dans le roman L’Enfant grec (2012) de Vassilis Alexakis, vingt après que ce dernier ait représenté ce même espace souterrain dans Avant. Après un bref résumé de l’oeuvre, une mise au point sur l’importance du souterrain dans l’imaginaire collectif et une brève présentation du sous-sol parisien en littérature, j’analyse la valeur métaphorique que l’auteur confère aux égouts, catacombes, carrières et sous-sols, réels ou imaginaires, qui caractérisent le schéma géographique de L’Enfant grec et qui occupent une place croissante au fil des pages. Cet appel du sous-sol donne-t-il forme, comme dans Avant, à un rejet spatial de la capitale française ou bien s’agit-il d’une évocation plus traditionnelle d’espaces souterrains associés à la mort ? Existe-t-il un lien entre ces espaces en sous-sol et l’espace de la création littéraire ? Même si, dans un premier temps, tout peut laisser à penser que l’auteur a créé une catabase funeste, je conclue que le Paris souterrain d’Alexakis dans L’Enfant grec est un lieu cathartique de renaissance qui permet au narrateur d’apaiser sa crainte de la mort et de se reconcentrer sur l’espace ludique de la création littéraire.
Do Centres of Endemism provide a spatial context for predicting and preserving plant phylogeographic patterns in the Cape Floristic Region, South Africa?
Authors: Galuszynski Nicholas C. , Potts Alastair J.
Published: September 2020

Aim

The evolutionary forces that gave rise to the exceptional plant species richness of the Cape Floristic Region (CFR) have also likely played a role at the intraspecific level (i.e. plant populations)—and thereby generating shared phylogeographic patterns among taxa. Here we test whether plant populations in the CFR exhibit phylogeographic breaks across the boundaries between Centres of Endemism (CoEs). The boundaries between CoEs (derived from the distribution ranges of endemic taxa and currently mapped at a coarse, Quarter Degree Square scale) represent a spatial proxy for the evolutionary diversifying drivers acting on plant taxa in the CFR.

Location

The CFR, located along the southern Cape of South Africa.

Methods

Published phylogeographic literature were compiled and spatial patterns of genetic divergence re-analysed to assess the frequency at which CFR plant taxa exhibit phylogeographic breaks either (1) across or (2) within CoE boundaries. Population pairs from each study were compared across and within CoEs and scored as either exhibiting a phylogeographic break or not.

Results

Phylogeographic breaks in Cape plants were found to occur across the boundaries of CoEs more often than not. Significantly more population pairs exhibited phylogeographic breaks across CoE boundaries (506 of the 540, χ2 = 886, p < 0.001) and fewer breaks within CoEs (94 of 619, χ2 = 300, p < 0.001) than would be expected if there was equal probability of a genetic break occurring across CoE boundaries.

Main conclusions

The evolutionary forces that have produced and maintained the exceptional plant diversity in the CFR appear to have operated at the population level, producing similar patterns of phylogeographic structuring of plant lineages regardless of life history or taxonomy. This tendency for Cape plants to exhibit shared patterns of spatially structured genetic diversity that match the distribution of endemic taxa may assist CFR phylogeographers to streamline sampling efforts and test novel hypotheses pertaining to the distribution of genetic diversity among CFR plant taxa. Additionally, the resolution at which CoEs are mapped should be refined, which may provide a valuable tool for future conservation planning and the development of precautionary guidelines for the translocation of genetic material during species reintroductions and commercial cultivation of Cape endemic crops. Thus, to answer the question ‘Do Centres of Endemism provide a spatial context for predicting and preserving plant phylogeographic patterns in the Cape Floristic Region, South Africa?’—yes, CoEs do appear to be an important tool for Cape phylogeographers. However, the data is limited and more plant phylogeography work is needed in the CFR.