bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Enseigner le FLE avec deux œuvres portant deux regards sur la francophonie: le film Chocolat de Claire Denis et le roman Allah n’est pas obligé d’Ahmadou Kourouma
Authors: Barbier Clotilde
Published: August 2017

Dans cet article, nous présentons l’utilisation de deux œuvres artistiques en classe de FLE qui nous ont permis de traiter de certaines formes de réalités interculturelles et d’altérité inhérentes à la Francophonie : une œuvre littéraire africaine d’expression française, Allah n’est pas obligé de l’écrivain ivoirien Ahmadou Kourouma, et une œuvre cinématographique, Chocolat de la cinéaste française Claire Denis. Nous proposons une démarche pédagogique de découverte et d’analyse du phénomène linguistique et culturel de la francophonie africaine au travers de ces deux œuvres afin de comprendre en partie son origine et aussi de savoir qui est l’Autre, dans son histoire, dans sa culture, dans sa langue (dans ses langues en ce qui concerne Kourouma). L’incursion dans le domaine de l’expression artistique visuelle par le cinéma et écrite par la littérature, donne à l’apprentissage de la langue une dimension sensorielle et émotionnelle complémentaire à l’aspect purement linguistique et culturel et apporte la touche humaniste nécessaire à toute pratique d’enseignement-apprentissage qui engage la construction de soi et les relations à autrui.

Teaching French as a Foreign Language (FFL) with two artistic genres, two ways of looking at French-speaking countries. The colonizer and the colonized: Chocolat by Claire Denis and Allah n’est pas obligé by Ahmadou Kourouma

In this paper, we will present the use of two works of art in a FFL class that will allow us to deal with intercultural realities and otherness inherent to French-speaking countries: an African literary work written in French, Allah n’est pas obligé by the Ivorian writer Ahmadou Kourouma, and a cinematographic work, Chocolat by the French movie-director Claire Denis.

Through these two works, we will propose a pedagogical approach to discover and analyze the linguistic and cultural phenomena that African French-speaking countries represent nowadays in our teaching practice. This analysis will allow us to partly understand its origin and also to know who is the Other, in history, in culture, in language (in his languages as far as Kourouma is concerned).The incursion in the field of visual artistic expression through cinema and artistic written expression through literature gives a sensorial and emotional dimension complementary to the purely linguistic and cultural learning process and the humanistic touch necessary to any teaching / learning practice that involves self-construction and relationships with others.
Le jeu de la création : Le mangeur (2005) de Ying Chen
Authors: Dunham Nicole
Published: August 2017

Le théoricien James Hans définit le jeu comme une déconstruction structurante, un processus de perpétuelle remise en question. Dans Le Mangeur (2005) de Ying Chen, la narratrice revit un épisode d’une de ses vies passées où elle meurt mangée, avalée, par son père, descendant dans le « tunnel » du ventre de ce dernier. Cependant, suite à cet événement, elle se retrouve dans un autre espace-temps où elle rencontre son mari, A.. Une équivalence s’établit dans le roman entre les éléments suivants : le ventre du père, les tableaux peints par ce dernier et l’espace-temps de A., et la fenêtre. Ces éléments deviennent des aires de jeu, remettant en question les concepts de l’intérieur et de l’extérieur et du créateur et de l’œuvre. En nous servant du texte « Le Tunnel » écrit par Ying Chen, nous démontrerons que cette notion du jeu s’applique également à l’ensemble de son œuvre.
Anabase et Ethiopiques ou la poétique de la violence
Authors: El Azouzi Abdellatif
Published: August 2017

La dose de violence définit le discours poétique de Saint-John Perse et de Léopold Sédar Senghor. L’élan du motif agressif fait de la poésie une forme d’expression qui ne cesse de durcir pour mieux s’adoucir. Anabase et Ethiopiques traduisent ces moments de tension poétique où l’on assiste à une somme d’agitations référentielles dans le temps et dans l’espace. Le poète pénètre l’intimité du monde en y semant et récoltant, à la fois, les mots nécessaires à l’expression de la plus haute tentation.
Gubash, Milutin. milutingubash
Authors: Parayre Catherine
Published: August 2017

Compte rendu
Deuxième partie (rappel)
Authors: Pauzet Anne , Bouvier-Laffitte Béatrice
Published: August 2017

Art, interculturel et apprentissage des langues - 2e partie
Émotions et compréhension de narrations littéraires : des rapports si intrinsèquement liés
Authors: Roch-Veiras Sophie
Published: August 2017

En s’appuyant sur des recherches pluridisciplinaires effectuées en psychologie cognitive, en didactique de la littérature et en sciences du langage, cet article traite des émotions que les éléments d’un texte suscitent chez un lecteur apprenant une langue étrangère. Les émotions faisant partie du processus de compréhension, la finalité est qu’à partir d’une approche par les émotions de la compréhension des narrations littéraires, les apprenants acquièrent une compétence émotionnelle.

About emotions and understanding of literary narratives

Abstract: Based on multidisciplinary research conducted in cognitive psychology, teaching of literature and language sciences, this article studies the emotions that a text evokes in a learner in the process of understanding a foreign language. Emotions being part of the process of understanding, the aim is that, from an approach via the emotions of literary narratives, students acquire emotional skills.
L’immersion fictionnelle, ou comment concilier art et émotion en cours de langue
Authors: Muller Catherine
Published: August 2017

Cet article porte sur l’expérience artistique en classe de langue sous l’angle des réactions verbales. Nous proposons d’analyser les interactions orales recueillies lors d’une activité de commentaire de photographies mise en œuvre en classe de français enseigné comme langue étrangère auprès d’apprenants adultes en contexte pluriculturel. Notre perspective est focalisée sur l’une des formes de réception des œuvres, l’immersion fictionnelle. Grâce à une analogie perçue entre l’univers fictionnel et le monde réel, les apprenants construisent de l’empathie envers l’un des personnages de la photographie, ce qui les amène à participer pleinement à la fiction. Ce phénomène se manifeste par l’attribution de paroles aux personnages de l’image. C’est à travers la notion de polyphonie énonciative que nous étudions différents extraits recueillis devant la photographie Les mariés d’Arthur Tress. Lorsque les apprenants font précéder les énoncés des personnages d’un verbe introducteur, ils se comportent comme des metteurs en scène donnant des instructions à leurs comédiens. Lorsque leurs énoncés sont dépourvus de verbes de dire, ils incarnent véritablement les personnages à la manière d’acteurs.

Fictional Immersion: Combining Art and Emotion in the Language Classroom

Abstract: The article deals with the verbal reactions induced by an artistic experience in a language classroom. Our perspective is to analyze the oral interactions triggered by an activity asking adult learners to comment on photographs in lessons of French taught as a foreign language in a pluricultural context. This paper focuses on fictional immersion, which is one of the possible reactions to the pictures. As they perceive a form of analogy between the fictional universe and the real world, the students build empathy with one of the characters in the photograph, which encourages them to fully participate in the fiction. They speak the parts of the characters on the image. The notion of enunciative polyphony helps us to study different excerpts where the students comment on the photograph Bride and Groom by Arthur Tress. When the learners use a verb to introduce the characters’ utterances, they behave as stage directors giving instructions to actors. When they do not use such verbs, they truly embody characters, just like actors do.
Fuir la complétude ou Le métarécit intermédial des Faux-monnayeurs
Authors: Viselli Antonio
Published: August 2017

Les Faux-monnayeurs d’André Gide est un (anti-)roman qui fait appel à un autre médium artistique amimétique – en l’occurrence la musique – afin de mettre en question la représentation de l’authenticité, du réel et de la subjectivité de l’écrivain. Édouard, le protagoniste romancier qui souhaite lui-même rédiger un roman intitulé Les Faux-monnayeurs, se trouve plongé dans une mise-en-abîme où le récit linéaire contrapuntique déjà complexe se colore d’ambiguïté narrative grâce à une polyphonie verticale : et ce, par le biais de l’axe paradigmatique, des récits emboîtés et de l’usage du discours indirect libre. Gide réalise, au moins en partie, le rêve d’Édouard paralysé par la page blanche : terminer l’œuvre de Bach, L’Art de la fugue, en littérature. C’est-à-dire, que d’un point de vue intermédial, Gide emploie une poétique de la fugue – style musical théoriquement interminable – afin de subvertir le genre romanesque. L’intermédialité rejoint l’interdisciplinarité et, en appliquant le théorème mathématique et philosophique de Kurt Gödel – son théorème de l’incomplétude –, la verticalité textuelle, synonyme de métarécit chez Gide, se déploie dans toute son éloquence et renforce davantage la thématique du « faux » et de la « copie » dans un roman contrefait.

Fleeing Completeness or The Intermedial Metanarrative of Les Faux-monnayeurs

André Gide’s Les Faux-monnayeurs is a (anti-)novel that calls upon another amimetic artistic medium – music – in order to question the representation of authenticity, of the real, and of the novelist’s subjectivity. The novel’s protagonist, Édouard, wishes to write a novel entitled Les Faux-monnayeurs, and finds himself at the bottom of a mise-en-abîme where the already complex contrapuntal narrative becomes further ambiguous alongside examples of vertical polyphony: such as the paradigmatic axis, framed narratives (mise-en-abîme), and the use of free indirect speech. Gide is capable, in part, of realizing the goal of his protagonist, who is paralyzed by the blank page: to finish Bach’s work, The Art of Fugue, in literature. From an intermedial perspective, Gide employs a fugal poetics – the theoretically endless musical style – in order to subvert the genre of the novel. Finally, intermediality joins interdisciplinarity, and by applying Kurt Gödel’s mathematic and philosophical theorem – the incompleteness theorem –, textual verticality, synonymous with Gide’s metanarrative, reaches its height and further reinforces the themes of the “false” and the “copy” in a counterfeit novel.
Entretien avec Bathélemy Bolivar
Authors: Parayre Catherine
Published: August 2017

Entretien avec Bathélemy Bolivar
Introduction
Authors: Toma Iulian
Published: August 2017

Littérature francophone post-soviétique
Concevoir des robots pour développer la créativité des élèves ?
Authors: Didier John , Quinche Florence
Published: August 2017

Cet article propose un ensemble de stratégies visant à développer la créativité des élèves dans le domaine de la conception technique en activités créatrices et manuelles (ACM). Plusieurs disciplines sont convoquées afin de provoquer une démarche interdisciplinaire intégrant le français, le design d'objets (robots) et la programmation informatique. Le modèle théorique de John Didier et Denis Leuba resituant l'objet produit dans un processus de socialisation, permet d'intégrer l'objet technique dans un cadre plus large, en l'occurrence ses multiples usages sociaux possibles. Dans l'expérimentation analysée, le robot devient un élément d'un processus de communication aboutissant dans la réalisation d'une pièce de théâtre. L'objet technique n'est plus ainsi réduit à un artefact matériel, mais il devient instrument de communication de sens, en d'autres termes, il devient en quelque sorte un média.
Hotte, Lucie et François Ouellet, dir. La littérature franco-ontarienne depuis 1996 : nouveaux enjeux esthétiques
Authors: Fournier Isabelle
Published: August 2017

compte rendu
Poésie
Authors: Ndayizigamiye Richard
Published: August 2017

Création
Introduction
Authors: Amprimoz Alexandre
Published: August 2017

Introduction
Postface à Voix plurielles 3.1
Authors: Crosta Suzanne
Published: August 2017

Postface
Casanova, Jean-Yves. Frédéric Mistral : l'enfant, la mort et les rêves
Authors: Parayre Catherine
Published: August 2017

Compte rendu
Introduction : La maison et le livre
Authors: Bourgeois Bertrand , Lepage Elise
Published: August 2017

Introduction
Le cru, le cuit et le pourri dans _Le vice-consul_ de Marguerite Duras
Authors: Caron Hélène
Published: August 2017

Bien que plusieurs articles critiques aient déjà avancé de nouvelles perspectives sur le texte Le Vice-Consul (LVC) de Marguerite Duras, l’analyse de la représentation de la nourriture dans ce roman n’a fait l’objet d’aucune étude. Cet article tente donc de combler cette lacune en proposant d’analyser les images du cru et du cuit, images qui se rejoignent sous les notions du pourri et de l’abject, tout en offrant quelques interprétations de l’un des passages critiques du roman où la folle mendiante croque la tête d’un poisson vivant.
Appel d'articles 9.1
Authors: Voix plurielles Rédaction
Published: August 2017

A la suite d’un atelier dirigé par Lucie Hotte de l’Université d’Ottawa lors de la conférence biennale de l’ACQS (American Council for Quebec Studies) en novembre 2010, Voix plurielles vous invite à soumettre un tapuscrit sur le thème « Enjeux actuels des littératures francophones du Canada ». Votre article portera sur un aspect, une œuvre ou un-e auteur-e des littératures francophones de l’Ouest, de l’Ontario ou du Nouveau Brunswick.

Rédigé en français, il sera conforme aux normes de la revue (accessible à partir du site de l’APFUCC).

Veuillez soumettre votre texte à Voix plurielles avant le 31 décembre 2011, soit directement par soumission électronique à la revue, soit par courriel à Catherine Parayre (cparayre@brocku.ca).

Les soumissions se feront sous Word 2003 ou en RTF. Les articles retenus paraîtront dans le numéro 9.1 (avril/mai 2012).

Au plaisir de vous lire, merci.
L’innovation en autobiographie selon Jung : une exploration du média de la bande dessinée
Authors: Fong Kevin Pat
Published: August 2017

Depuis le succès phénoménal de Maus d’Art Spiegelman, la bande dessinée a obtenu une certaine reconnaissance dans l’institution littéraire. Jung, scénariste et dessinateur belge d’origine coréenne, partage avec nous son récit autobiographique en noir et blanc intitulé Couleur de Peau : Miel – Tome 1 (1997). Son histoire débute par le récit de son enfance comme orphelin grandissant en Corée du sud, pour être ensuite adopté par une famille belge jusqu’à l’adolescence. Avec un mélange ingénieux d’humour, de sarcasme et de drame, Jung aborde des sujets sérieux et contemporains tels que la quête d’identité, le déracinement, l’abandon, l’intégration et un sujet peu exploré et méconnu du public : l’adoption des enfants coréens par les familles des pays développés.
Lavoie, Daniel. Finutilité
Authors: Paradis Swann
Published: August 2017

Lavoie, Daniel. Finutilité. Compte rendu
In memoriam : Alexandre Amprimoz
Authors: Parayre Catherine
Published: August 2017

In memoriam : Alexandre Amprimoz, auteur franco-canadien
Implementing Highway Safety Manual Life-Cycle Benefit–Cost Analysis of Safety Improvements
Authors: Frustaci Jordan B. , Saito Mitsuru , Schultz Grant G.
Published: August 2017

The Highway Safety Manual (HSM) lists four methods for determining the change in crash severity in order of reliability. The life-cycle benefit–cost analysis currently used by the Utah Department of Transportation is similar to the least reliable method. To provide a tool to perform the most reliable method defined by the HSM—the predictive method—this research developed a spreadsheet-based tool to allow department engineers to perform life-cycle benefit–cost analyses for the 11 roadway segment types included in the HSM. The tool can be used to analyze the cost-effectiveness of safety-related improvements identified by the Utah crash prediction model, which was previously developed to identify safety hot spots on the state highway system. The concept and the spreadsheet layout are presented by using the rural two-lane, two-way highway spreadsheet as an example. Then a case of a rural two-lane, two-way highway with two selected countermeasures is presented to demonstrate the use of this spreadsheet to compare their benefit–cost ratios. One important aspect associated with life-cycle benefit–cost analyses of safety-related improvements is the cost of implementing such improvements. Safety-related improvements are often included in larger construction contracts and such costs vary significantly, depending on the way they are included in the larger contracts. Hence, construction costs of safety-related improvements—such as initial cost, periodic rehabilitation cost, and annual maintenance costs—must be prepared outside this spreadsheet by the user.
Safety Performance of Flashing Yellow Arrow for Protected–Permissive Left-Turn Signal Control in Central Illinois
Authors: Schattler Kerrie L. , Anderson Eric P. , Hanson Trevor
Published: August 2017

In 2010, the Illinois Department of Transportation began implementing the flashing yellow arrow (FYA) at intersections operating with protected–permissive left-turn (PPLT) control. Research was conducted to evaluate the safety-effectiveness of FYAs at 86 intersections and 164 approaches in central Illinois. The effectiveness evaluation was performed with 3 years of before-and-after FYA installation crash data and the empirical Bayes method. In the before condition, the left-turn signals operated with a circular green display indicating the permissive interval of PPLT control using a five-section signal head. In the after condition, the FYA replaced the circular green display for the permissive interval of PPLT with a four-section signal head. Supplemental traffic signs were mounted on the mast arm adjacent to the left-turn signal at over half of the FYA installations. The results of the comprehensive safety evaluation of the FYA for PPLT control are presented. Analyses were also performed to assess the effects of the FYA supplemental signs and the effects of the FYA overall on two subsets of at-fault drivers: older drivers (age 65+) and younger drivers (age 16 to 21). The resulting mean crash modification factors for the targeted crash types ranged from 0.589 to 0.714. The findings of this research support the continued use of FYAs for PPLT control to improve safety at signalized intersections in central Illinois.
Developing Crash Modification Factors for Horizontal Curves on Rural Two-Lane Undivided Highways Using a Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Wu Lingtao , Lord Dominique , Geedipally Srinivas Reddy
Published: August 2017

Horizontal curves have been identified as experiencing more crashes than tangent sections on roadways, especially on rural two-lane highways. The first edition of the Highway Safety Manual provides crash modification functions (CM functions) for curves on rural two-lane highways. The CM functions proposed in the manual may suffer from both outdated data and analysis technique. Before-and-after studies are usually the preferred method for estimating the safety effects of treatments. Unfortunately, this method is not feasible for curves. Previous studies have frequently used regression models for developing CM functions for horizontal curves. As recently documented in the literature, some potential problems exist with using regression models to develop crash modification factors. This research utilized a cross-sectional study to develop curvature CM functions. Curves located on Texas rural two-lane undivided highways were divided into a number of bins based on the curve radius. Safety was predicted with the assumption that these curves had been tangents. The observed number of crashes that occurred on the curves was compared with the dummy tangents and for different bins. The results showed that the horizontal curve radius has a significant role in the risk of a crash. From these results, a new CM function was developed. The prediction performance of the Highway Safety Manual CM function was compared with the new CM function in this study and another function that was recently proposed in the literature. It was found that the new CM function documented in this study outperformed both.
Evaluation of Safety Performance Functions Based on Experimental Design Using a Cross-Validation Method
Authors: Wang Jung-Han , Abdel-Aty Mohamed A. , Lee Jaeyoung
Published: August 2017

The Highway Safety Manual (HSM) Part C provides a series of safety performance functions (SPFs) for different roadway conditions. The SPFs suggested in the HSM are formulated on the basis of exposure variables: the logarithms of the annual average daily traffic (AADT) on the major road and on the minor road under the base condition. In this research, data from 7,802 intersections in Florida were collected and processed. These intersections were categorized into seven types based on area type (rural or urban), number of legs (three or four), and number of approaches controlled by stop signs. Twenty-two SPF formulations, including the one suggested by the HSM, were developed for each intersection type for examination of the goodness-of-fit measures of the SPFs. In addition, the goodness of fit of each model of the 22 SPFs in each category was examined with 10-fold leave-one-out cross-validation (LOOCV). With a comparison of the delta values generated with the LOOCV method, it is suggested that the SPF with the logarithm of the total entering vehicle volume and the ratio of the AADT on the minor road and the AADT on the major road are important. In addition, the SPFs with the AADT on the major road and the AADT on the minor road and their logarithmic transformations are also important. Therefore, it is suggested that the future HSM compare these two SPF formulations—as suggested in the current research, along with the original SPF formulation in the manual—and select the one with the best model fit on the basis of the delta value using LOOCV.
Exploring the Need for Region-Specific Calibration Factors
Authors: Geedipally Srinivas Reddy , Shirazi Mohammadali , Lord Dominique
Published: August 2017

States, or even large cities, may experience different crash rates in different regions or parts of the city. This variation can be attributed to differences in terrain, population, weather, and other unobserved characteristics. Hence, the variation can affect the calibration procedure and consequently the calibration factor when different crash rates are used for a large area. This study first investigated whether region-specific calibration factors were required and justified for large states, such as Texas and Michigan. Next, a procedure was proposed to determine if a specific region needed a different calibration factor from the one developed for the whole state. If it is determined that a separate factor is needed, the agency should derive a region-specific calibration factor with data that are collected within the region. The proposed procedure is based on the general characteristics of data at the network level: the total number of crashes, the mean value of traffic flow (average daily traffic or annual average daily traffic), and the total segment length (or the number of intersections). The procedure was validated for the two states mentioned and showed that the calculated calibration factor matched the factor proposed in the recommended decision-making procedure.
Huntington's Disease with Retinitis Pigmentosa- a Case Report
Authors: Mahmud Reaz , Habib Mansur
Published: August 2017

Huntington's disease (HD) is a chronic neurodegenerative disorder, characterized by the following triad of clinical hallmarks: autosomal dominant inheritance, choreoathetosis, and dementia. In 1993 the genetic mutation responsible for HD was identified and mapped on the chromosome 4p16.3. The mutation is a characteristic expansion of a CAG nucleotide triplet. In this paper we present a 36-years-old male patient with HD. Additionally he also had retinitis pigmentosa. His pedigree was reconstructed using available medical documentation and tracing other members of his family.Faridpur Med. Coll. J. Jan 2017;12(1): 50-52
Strategies for Selecting Membrane Protein-Specific Antibodies using Phage Display with Cell-Based Panning
Authors: Alfaleh Mohamed , Jones Martina , Howard Christopher , Mahler Stephen
Published: August 2017

Membrane proteins are attractive targets for monoclonal antibody (mAb) discovery and development. Although several approved mAbs against membrane proteins have been isolated from phage antibody libraries, the process is challenging, as it requires the presentation of a correctly folded protein to screen the antibody library. Cell-based panning could represent the optimal method for antibody discovery against membrane proteins, since it allows for presentation in their natural conformation along with the appropriate post-translational modifications. Nevertheless, screening antibodies against a desired antigen, within a selected cell line, may be difficult due to the abundance of irrelevant organic molecules, which can potentially obscure the antigen of interest. This review will provide a comprehensive overview of the different cell-based phage panning strategies, with an emphasis placed on the optimisation of four critical panning conditions: cell surface antigen presentation, non-specific binding events, incubation time, and temperature and recovery of phage binders.
Dynamic Performance Analysis for an Absorption Chiller under Different Working Conditions
Authors: Wang Jian , Shang Sheng , Li Xianting , Wang Baolong , Wu Wei , Shi Wenxing
Published: August 2017

Due to the merits of energy saving and environmental protection, the absorption chiller (AC) has attracted a lot of attention, and previous studies only concentrated on the dynamic response of the AC under a single working condition. However, the working conditions are usually variable, and the dynamic performance under different working conditions is beneficial for the adjustment of AC and the control of the whole system, of which the stabilization can be affected by the AC transient process. Therefore, the steady and dynamic models of a single-effect H2O-LiBr absorption chiller are built up, the thermal inertia and fluid storage are also taken into consideration. And the dynamic performance analyses of the AC are completed under different external parameters. Furthermore, a whole system using AC in a process plant is analyzed. As a conclusion, the time required to reach a new steady-state (relaxation time) increases when the step change of the generator inlet temperature becomes large, the cooling water inlet temperature rises, or the evaporator inlet temperature decreases. In addition, the control strategy considering the AC dynamic performance is favorable to the operation of the whole system.
An Experimental Study on Hysteresis Characteristics of a Pneumatic Braking System for a Multi-Axle Heavy Vehicle in Emergency Braking Situations
Authors: Wang Zhe , Zhou Xiaojun , Yang Chenlong , Chen Zhaomeng , Wu Xuelei
Published: August 2017

This study aims to investigate the hysteresis characteristics of a pneumatic braking system for multi-axle heavy vehicles (MHVs). Hysteresis affects emergency braking performance severely. The fact that MHVs have a large size and complex structure leads to more nonlinear coupling property of the pneumatic braking system compared to normal two-axle vehicles. Thus, theoretical analysis and simulation are not enough when studying hysteresis. In this article, the hysteresis of a pneumatic brake system for an eight-axle vehicle in an emergency braking situation is studied based on a novel test bench. A servo drive device is applied to simulate the driver’s braking intensions normally expressed by opening or moving speed of the brake pedal. With a reasonable arrangement of sensors and the NI LabVIEW platform, both the delay time of eight loops and the response time of each subassembly in a single loop are detected in real time. The outcomes of the experiment show that the delay time of each loop gets longer with the increase of pedal opening, and a quadratic relationship exists between them. Based on this, the pressure transient in the system is fitted to a first-order plus time delay model. Besides, the response time of treadle valve and controlling pipeline accounts for more than 80% of the loop’s total delay time, indicating that these two subassemblies are the main contributors to the hysteresis effect.
Energy Dissipation and Vibration Control: Modeling, Algorithm, and Devices
Authors: Song Gangbing , Cai Steve , Li Hong-Nan
Published: August 2017

The topic of vibration control and energy dissipation is among the oldest and most relevant in the field of engineering [...]
Brain Injury and Severe Eating Difficulties at Admission—Patient Perspective Nine to Fifteen Months after Discharge: A Pilot Study
Authors: Kjaersgaard Annette , Kristensen Hanne Kaae
Published: August 2017

The purpose of this pilot study was to explore and interpret the way that individuals with acquired brain injury, admitted to inpatient neurorehabilitation with severe eating difficulties, experienced eating nine to fifteen months after discharge. Four individuals with acquired brain injury were interviewed via qualitative semi-structured interviews. An explorative study was conducted to study eating difficulties. Qualitative content analysis was used. Four main themes emerged from the analysis: personal values related to eating, swallowing difficulties, eating and drinking, meals and social life. Three predominating experiences were: fed by tube, “relearning” to eat, and eating meals together. The preliminary results regarding the four participants suggest that the meaning of food and being able to eat and take part in meals may be nearly the same as before the injury; however, having the ability to eat reduced or lost completely, even temporarily, was unexpected and difficult, and caused strong emotional reactions, even 18 months after injury. Time spent using a feeding tube had a negative, but not persistent, impact on quality-of-life. The preliminary findings provide knowledge regarding the patient perspective of adapting to and developing new strategies for activities related to eating, however, further prospective, longitudinal research in a larger scale and with repeated interviews is needed.
Health and Self-Regulation among School-Age Children Experiencing Family Homelessness
Authors: Barnes Andrew , Lafavor Theresa , Cutuli J. , Zhang Lei , Oberg Charles , Masten Ann
Published: August 2017

Children in homeless families have high levels of adversity and are at risk for behavior problems and chronic health conditions, however little is known about the relationship between cognitive-emotional self-regulation and health among school-aged homeless children. Children (n = 86; mean age 10.5) living in shelters were assessed for health, family stress/adversity, emotional-behavioral regulation, nonverbal intellectual abilities, and executive function. Vision problems were the most prevalent health condition, followed by chronic respiratory conditions. Cumulative risk, child executive function, and self-regulation problems in children were uniquely related to child physical health. Homeless children experience problems with cognitive, emotional, and behavioral regulation as well as physical health, occurring in a context of high psychosocial risk. Several aspects of children’s self-regulation predict physical health in 9- to 11-year-old homeless children. Health promotion efforts in homeless families should address individual differences in children’s self-regulation as a resilience factor.
The Pulmonary Circulation in the Single Ventricle Patient
Authors: Hauck Amanda , Porta Nicolas , Lestrud Steven , Berger Stuart
Published: August 2017

In recent decades, survival of children with complex congenital heart disease has improved considerably. Specifically, children with a variety of congenital heart defects resulting in ‘single ventricle’ physiology can now undergo palliative surgery that allows survival beyond the neonatal period, and in many cases into adulthood, despite having a single functional ventricular pumping chamber supplying both the pulmonary and systemic circulation. Our growing understanding of the functionally univentricular heart has resulted in freedom from Fontan failure of >50% at 25 years post-Fontan. Yet there is still a fair amount of knowledge to be gained, specifically as it relates to the pulmonary circulation in this group of patients. Knowledge gaps relate not only to the pulmonary circulation after Fontan operation, but also at each stage of the single ventricle surgical palliation, including the native physiology prior to any intervention. The pulmonary circulation is affected by multiple issues related to the single ventricle, including specific details of the anatomy unique to each patient, any intervention(s) undertaken, and potential complications such as aortopulmonary collaterals, protein losing enteropathy, plastic bronchitis, venovenous collaterals, pulmonary arteriovenous fistulae, ventricular dysfunction, pulmonary venous stenosis, and more. This chapter will review the current knowledge with regard to the pulmonary circulation in the single ventricle patient, primarily after the Fontan operation. Additionally, it is our hope to help the practitioner assess the pulmonary circulation in the single ventricle patient; we will also discuss the evidence behind and approach to treatment strategies in order to optimize the pulmonary circulation in this complex group of patients.
Influence of Urban Green Area on Air Temperature of Surrounding Built-Up Area
Authors: Takebayashi Hideki
Published: August 2017

In this investigation, a numerical model expressing advection and diffusion effects is used to examine air temperature rise in urban areas that are on the leeward side of green areas. The model results are then verified by comparison with measurement results. When the measurement point is at a distance of 30 m or more from a green area, the air temperature of the urban area is not affected by the green area. An isotropic diffusion model and a model incorporating buoyancy were applied for the vertical diffusion term. Results of air temperature rise with distance from the green area were compared for both calculated and measured values. The rise in air temperature due to the development of the urban boundary layer in the area near a green space is expressed using the sensible heat flux from the ground surface, the distance from the green area and the wind velocity. We considered an approximation of air temperature rise in order to express the following situation: when entering the urban area, air temperature rises sharply, and when reaching a certain distance from a green area, it becomes almost constant.
Preparation and Characterization of Fluorinated Hydrophobic UV-Crosslinkable Thiol-Ene Polyurethane Coatings
Authors: Xia Wenjing , Zhu Nianqing , Hou Rongjie , Zhong Wengui , Chen Mingqing
Published: August 2017

The polyurethane prepolymer terminated with a double bond was synthesized using isophorone diisocyanate (IPDI), hydroxyl terminated polybutadiene (HTPB), 1,4-butanediol (BDO), and 2-hydroxyethyl acrylate (HEA). Then, a series of innovative UV-curable polyurethane coatings were prepared by blending ene-terminated polyurethane, fluoroacrylate monomer, and multifunctional thiol crosslinker upon UV exposure. The incorporation of fluoroacrylate monomer and multifunctional thiols into polyurethane coatings significantly enhanced the hydrophobic property, mechanical property, pencil hardness, and glossiness of the polyurethane coatings. This method of preparing UV crosslinkable, hydrophobic polyurethane coatings based on thiol-ene chemistry exhibited numerous advantages over other UV photocuring systems.
Assessment of Functional Stability of Photoprotective Formulations Containing Rutin Succinate
Authors: Moraes Carla , Arêas Elizabeth , Velasco Maria
Published: August 2017

The aim of this study was to evaluate physicochemical and functional stability of two different self-emulsified oil/water (O/W) systems. Each system contained 0.4% w/w rutin succinate, which was associated or not with the photo-unstable chemical (7.5% w/w of 2-ethylhexyl 4-methoxycinnamate and 3.0% w/w of 2-hydroxy-4-methoxybenzophenone) or physical filters (3.0% w/w titanium dioxide). A Normal Stability Test was carried out with the formulations containing rutin succinate (S) associated either with sunscreens (MS) or not (M) for 90 days. The formulation systems were assessed for organoleptic, functional, physicochemical and rheological behavior parameters. The MS formulation was found to be homogenous and had no significant alterations of pH, hysteresis area, antiradical activity or Sun Protection Factor values. Such stability was mainly observed when the formulation was incorporated into base cream A. The ability of chemical filters to resist degradation caused by UV radiation in the presence of rutin succinate preventing lipid peroxidation by entrapment of initiator radicals is a mechanism that might explain the results. The combination of rutin succinate to chemical filters improved formulation functionality, as it led to a more stable formulation which maintained the effectiveness of the added sunscreens. Consumer acceptance could be improved, considering that film formation and rheological spreadability characteristics of the tested formulation are better than those of traditional formulations.
Generalized Maxwell Relations in Thermodynamics with Metric Derivatives
Authors: Weberszpil José , Chen Wen
Published: August 2017

In this contribution, we develop the Maxwell generalized thermodynamical relations via the metric derivative model upon the mapping to a continuous fractal space. This study also introduces the total q-derivative expressions depending on two variables, to describe nonextensive statistical mechanics and also the α -total differentiation with conformable derivatives. Some results in the literature are re-obtained, such as the physical temperature defined by Sumiyoshi Abe.
Does Foreign Direct Investment Successfully Lead to Sustainable Development in Singapore?
Authors: Ridzuan Abdul , Ismail Nor , Che Hamat Abdul
Published: August 2017

The role of foreign direct investment (FDI) inflows is tested on three main pillars of sustainable development (SD), which consists of economic growth, income distribution and environmental quality for Singapore. The analysis is performed by using Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) estimation technique. The sample data is based on annual data, covering the period from 1970 to 2013. The estimated long-run elasticity indicated that FDI inflows not only lead to higher economic growth and better environmental quality but also widen the income disparity in this country, which may disrupt its SD mission. The other two introduced variables that could also play a part as potential drivers for sustainable development (SD) are trade openness (TO) and financial development (FD). Based on the outcomes, TO has also led to higher economic growth and lower environmental degradation. However, this variable does not have significant impact on income distribution for Singapore. As for FD, it is found to have a significant and positive impact on economic growth and also successfully reduce the income inequality problem. On the contrary, this variable does not have any significant relationship with environmental quality, as indicated by carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions. Mixed evidence of a relationship is detected for other macroeconomic variables in the three estimates models. As the income inequality issue has become more serious, it is important for Singaporean policymakers to focus on attracting more foreign investors to invest in various sectors, in the hope that these companies can offer better wages to the local workers and thus improve income distribution in the country. More attention is needed to explore the potential role of TO and FD as drivers for SD in this country.
A Residential Energy Hub Model with a Concentrating Solar Power Plant and Electric Vehicles
Authors: Qi Feng , Wen Fushuan , Liu Xunyuan , Salam Md. Abdus
Published: August 2017

Renewable energy generation and electric vehicles (EVs) have attracted much attention in the past decade due to increasingly serious environmental problems as well as less and less fossil energy reserves. Moreover, the forms of energy utilization are changing with the development of information technology and energy technology. The term “energy hub” has been introduced to represent an entity with the capability of energy production, conversion and storage. A residential quarter energy-hub-optimization model including a concentrating solar power (CSP) unit is proposed in this work, with solar energy and electricity as its inputs to supply thermal and electrical demands, and the operating objective is to minimize the involved operation costs. The optimization model is a mixed integer linear programming (MILP) problem. Demand side management (DSM) is next implemented by modeling shiftable electrical loads such as EVs and washers, as well as flexible thermal loads such as hot water. Finally, the developed optimization model is solved with the commercial CPLEX solver based on the YALMIP/MATLAB toolbox, and sample examples are provided for demonstrating the features of the proposed method.
Single-Phase Autonomous Induction Generator with Single-Phase Rotor
Authors: Frechter Yotam , Hail Natan Ben , Rabinovici Raul
Published: August 2017

An autonomous induction generator (IG) with an asymmetric configuration, in which both the stator and the rotor are single-phase, is often formed when a triple-phase wound rotor loses connection to a winding component while running. The machine still works and is shown to be capable of generating modulated waveforms. Equations can help as an IG design guideline. The first harmonics of the mutual inductance effect on the IG is explained by its steady-state equivalent circuit.
The Chemical Compositions of the Volatile Oils of Garlic (Allium sativum) and Wild Garlic (Allium vineale)
Authors: Satyal Prabodh , Craft Jonathan , Dosoky Noura , Setzer William
Published: August 2017

Garlic, Allium sativum, is broadly used around the world for its numerous culinary and medicinal uses. Wild garlic, Allium vineale, has been used as a substitute for garlic, both in food as well as in herbal medicine. The present study investigated the chemical compositions of A. sativum and A. vineale essential oils. The essential oils from the bulbs of A. sativum, cultivated in Spain, were obtained by three different methods: laboratory hydrodistillation, industrial hydrodistillation, and industrial steam distillation. The essential oils of wild-growing A. vineale from north Alabama were obtained by hydrodistillation. The resulting essential oils were analyzed by gas chromatography-flame ionization detection (GC-FID) and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Both A. sativum and A. vineale oils were dominated by allyl polysulfides. There were minor quantitative differences between the A. sativum oils owing to the distillation methods employed, as well as differences from previously reported garlic oils from other geographical locations. Allium vineale oil showed a qualitative similarity to Allium ursinum essential oil. The compositions of garlic and wild garlic are consistent with their use as flavoring agents in foods as well as their uses as herbal medicines. However, quantitative differences are likely to affect the flavor and bioactivity profiles of these Allium species.
Nutritional Guidelines and Fermented Food Frameworks
Authors: Bell Victoria , Ferrão Jorge , Fernandes Tito
Published: August 2017

This review examines different nutritional guidelines, some case studies, and provides insights and discrepancies, in the regulatory framework of Food Safety Management of some of the world’s economies. There are thousands of fermented foods and beverages, although the intention was not to review them but check their traditional and cultural value, and if they are still lacking to be classed as a category on different national food guides. For understanding the inconsistencies in claims of concerning fermented foods among various regulatory systems, each legal system should be considered unique. Fermented foods and beverages have long been a part of the human diet, and with further supplementation of probiotic microbes, in some cases, they offer nutritional and health attributes worthy of recommendation of regular consumption. Despite the impact of fermented foods and beverages on gastro-intestinal wellbeing and diseases, their many health benefits or recommended consumption has not been widely translated to global inclusion in world food guidelines. In general, the approach of the legal systems is broadly consistent and their structures may be presented under different formats. African traditional fermented products are briefly mentioned enhancing some recorded adverse effects. Knowing the general benefits of traditional and supplemented fermented foods, they should be a daily item on most national food guides.
Spatial Characteristics of Twitter Users—Toward the Understanding of Geosocial Media Production
Authors: Rzeszewski Michal , Beluch Lukasz
Published: August 2017

Social media is a rich source of spatial data but it has also many flaws and well-known limitations, especially in regard to representation and representativeness, since very little is known about the demographics of the user population. At the same time, the use of locational services, is in fact, dependent on those characteristics. We address this gap in knowledge by exploring divides between Twitter users, based on the spatial and temporal distribution of the content they produce. We chose five cities and data from 2015 to represent different socio-spatial contexts. Users were classified according to spatial and non-spatial measures: home range estimation; standard distance; nearest neighbor index, and; proposed localness index. There are distinct groups of geosocial media producers, which suggests that such datasets cannot be treated as uniform representations. We found a positive correlation between spatial behavior and posting activity. It is suggested that there are universal patterns of behavior that are conditioned by software services—the example of Foucauldian “technologies of self”. They can also represent the dominance of the most prolific users over the whole data stream. Results are discussed in the context of the importance and role of user location in social media.
Microcephaly Prevalence in Infants Born to Zika Virus-Infected Women: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Coelho Antonio , Crovella Sergio
Published: August 2017

Zika virus is an emergent flavivirus transmitted by Aedes genus mosquitoes that recently reached the Americas and was soon implicated in an increase of microcephaly incidence. The objective of the present study is to systematically review the published data and perform a meta-analysis to estimate the prevalence of microcephaly in babies born to Zika virus-infected women during pregnancy. We searched PubMed and Cochrane databases, included cohort studies, and excluded case reports and case series publications. We extracted sample sizes and the number of microcephaly cases from eight studies, which permitted a calculation of prevalence rates that are pooled in a random-effects model meta-analysis. We estimated the prevalence of microcephaly of 2.3% (95% CI = 1.0–5.3%) among all pregnancies. Limitations include mixed samples of women infected at different pregnancy times, since it is known that infection at the first trimester is associated with higher risk to congenital anomalies. The estimates are deceptively low, given the devastating impact the infection causes over children and their families. We hope our study contributes to public health knowledge to fight Zika virus epidemics to protect mothers and their newborns.