bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Acerca de la formación argumentativa en el sistema educacional chileno
Authors: Risco Del Valle Eduardo Germán
Published: June 2018

Este trabajo busca, desde una perspectiva académica, pero también desde la experiencia de su autor como profesor de Lengua Castellana en la Enseñanza Media, suministrar un panorama de la enseñanza de la argumentación en el sistema educacional chileno y ofrecer unos subsidios conceptuales que contribuyan a valorar esa misma formación. La comunicación ha sido organizada en tres secciones: una aproximación a la relevancia de la argumentación en la formación ciudadana, la presentación de algunos conceptos básicos sobre argumentación y, finalmente, una descripción del modo en que se presenta este contenido en los textos oficiales del Ministerio de Educación de Chile (Estándares de Formación de Profesores y Programas de estudio de la enseñanza media) enfatizando especialmente los silencios conceptuales de aspectos relevantes de la teoría argumentativa. Cierra este trabajo un conjunto de conclusiones en las que puede evidenciarse el contraste existente entre la relevancia que el Ministerio asigna a la formación argumentativa y los exiguos medios que pone al servicio de los profesores para llevarla a cabo.
La tarea escolar: representaciones lingüísticas de los estudiantes
Authors: Ruiz Vega Jaime , Santiago Galvis Álvaro William , Castillo Perilla Myriam
Published: June 2018

El presente artículo da cuenta de algunos de los resultados que arrojó el desarrollo del proyecto de investigación Concepciones de los estudiantes de educación básica secundaria y media de Bogotá sobre la entidad léxica tarea escolar, DLE-427-16, que tuvo como objetivo establecer y analizar las representaciones y los valores sociales que de la entidad léxica tarea escolar tienen los estudiantes de la educación básica secundaria y media de Bogotá. Este trabajo fue orientado por los principios teóricos y metodológicos de la Semántica de los Posibles Argumentativos (spa); fundamentalmente el supuesto que plantea que en la acción discursiva, y en especial en las formas léxicas que la constituyen, los hablantes imprimen una axiologización del mundo, en razón a que dichas formas tienen un potencial argumentativo. En este sentido, se logró reconstruir el núcleo o elementos fundamentales del significado de esa entidad léxica, así como los estereotipos sobre la base de las definiciones redactadas por los informantes. Se identificaron y estudiaron los valores sociales complejos que la población de la investigación activó en sus concepciones y en sus definiciones. Para dar cuenta de ello, en primer lugar, se hace una presentación de los referentes conceptuales de la spa; luego las consideraciones de orden metodológico y, finalmente, se presenta la discusión de los datos obtenidos, en lo que respecta a la reconstrucción del núcleo y la identificación de los estereotipos.
Modelo para un tratamiento de errores de transferencia en la escritura en ELE producida en comunidades virtuales
Authors: Elejalde Gómez Jessica , Ferreira Cabrera Anita
Published: June 2018

El tratamiento de errores, en general, busca corregir aquellos relacionados con las normas del sistema lingü.stico en la lengua objeto de estudio. Sin embargo, son escasas las propuestas que intervienen en los errores según su fuente u origen, como en el caso de la influencia directa o indirecta de la lengua materna o aquellos que son parte del desarrollo de la interlengua. En este contexto, se expone la propuesta de un modelo para tratar errores de transferencia de la lengua materna a partir de la sensibilización de este tipo error en la producción escrita por parte del aprendiente. Dicho modelo ha surgido de la observación en estudio de la interacción que ocurre en comunidades de aprendizaje virtual, donde los aprendientes practican la escritura de forma espontánea y libre y, otros pares de aprendientes retroalimentan la escritura en relación con los errores identificados basados en su propia intuición o conocimiento lingü.stico que posean. Dicha observación se realizó durante un determinado tiempo,en el marco de la investigación realizada por Elejalde y Ferreira (2016) donde los errores identificados fueron en su mayoría provenientes de la influencia directa de la lengua materna.Este modelo favorece a docentes y estudiantes de lenguas en el proceso de identificación de errores de transferencia. De esta manera se contribuye a la sensibilización y concienciación por parte del estudiante de dichos errores y su adecuada corrección en diversas situaciones comunicativas.
Conocimiento crítico e interés emancipatorio, o la Escuela de Frankfurt y sus tres haches
Authors: Roggerone Santiago
Published: June 2018

A fines de reconstruir cómo el proyecto de la teoría crítica de la sociedad ha adquirido sus principales determinaciones, en el presente artículo, que se desprende de una investigación más amplia sobre el marxismo contemporáneo, se atiende a algunas de las contribuciones efectuadas por Max Horkheimer, Jürgen Habermas y Axel Honneth. Se examinan, más específicamente, los propósitos y tareas que cada uno de estos pensadores de la Escuela de Frankfurt prescriben a la teoría crítica con la intención de resolver el problema del vínculo subyacente entre conocimiento (crítico) e interés (emancipatorio). Para ello se procede en tres pasos: primero, se analiza cómo surge la idea original de una teoría crítica en contraposición con la de una teoría tradicional (I); hecho esto, se indaga en cómo la idea en cuestión es desligada de sus connotaciones antropológicas marxistas e inscripta en el contexto de una teoría de la acción comunicativa (II); luego, se da cuenta de la actualización que experimenta dicho contexto de inscripción de la teoría crítica al ser repensado en los términos de la lucha social por el reconocimiento (III). Se ofrece, para finalizar, una serie de conclusiones (IV).
Reseña Memoria y olvido: usos públicos del pasado en Colombia, 1930-1960
Authors: Villamizar Juan Carlos
Published: June 2018

El libro de Sandra Rodr.guez es una invitaci.n a repensar nuestro pasado como colombianos. Muestra una muy rigurosa investigaci.n acerca de la construcci.n de la memoria oficial que realizó la Academia Colombiana de Historia (ach) entre 1930 y 1960.
Single-cell RNA-Seq expression analysis v1
Authors: J. Trombetta John , Gennert David , Lu Diana , Satija Rahul , K. Shalek Alex , Regev Aviv
Published: June 2018

This is aSingle-cell RNA-Seq expression analysisSupport Protocol forPreparation of Single-Cell RNA-Seq Libraries for Next Generation Sequencing.
Supporting protocols for "Whole genome and transcriptome maps of the entirely black native Korean chicken breed Yeonsan Ogye" v1
Authors: Sohn Jang-il , Nam Kyoungwoo , Hong Hyosun , Kim Jun-Mo , Lim Dajeong , Lee Kyung-Tai , Jung Do Yoon , Yeon Cho Chang , Kim Namshin , Chai Han-Ha , Nam Jin-Wu
Published: June 2018

Yeonsan Ogye (YO), an indigenous Korean chicken breed (Gallus gallus domesticus), has entirely black external features and internal organs. In this study, the draft genome of YO was assembled using a hybrid de novo assembly method that takes advantage of high-depth Illumina short-reads (376.6X) and low-depth PacBio long-reads (9.7X). The contig and scaffold NG50s of the hybrid de novo assembly were 362.3Kbp and 16.8Mbp, respectively. The completeness (97.6%) of the draft genome (Ogye_1.1) was evaluated with single copy orthologous genes using BUSCO, and found to be comparable to the current chicken reference genome (galGal5; 97.4%; contigs were assembled with high-depth PacBio long-reads (50X) and scaffolded with short-reads), and superior to other avian genomes (92~93%; assembled with short-read-only or hybrid methods). Compared to galGal4 and 5, the draft genome included 551 structural variations including the Fibromelanosis (FM) locus duplication, related to hyperpigmentation. To comprehensively reconstruct transcriptome maps, RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) and reduced representation bisulfite sequencing (RRBS) data were analyzed from twenty different tissues, including four black tissues (skin, shank, comb, and fascia). The maps included 15,766 protein-coding and 6,900 long non-coding RNA genes, many of which were tissue-specifically expressed and displayed tissue-specific DNA methylation patterns in the promoter regions. We expect that the resulting genome sequence and transcriptome maps will be valuable resources for studying domestic chicken breeds, including black-skinned chickens, as well as for understanding genomic differences between breeds and the evolution of hyperpigmented chickens and functional elements related to hyperpigmentation.
Ortaokul 5. ve 7. Sınıf Öğrencilerinin Mühendisler ve Bilim İnsanlarına Yönelik Algılarının Karşılaştırmalı Olarak İncelenmesi
Authors: GÜLHAN Filiz , ŞAHİN Fatma
Published: June 2018

Öğrencilerin gerek temel
bilimsel okuryazarlıklarını geliştirebilmeleri, gerekse kariyerlerini doğru
biçimde şekillendirebilmeleri için mesleklere yönelik algılarının doğru olması
gerekmektedir. Bu araştırmanın amacı ortaokul beşinci ve yedinci sınıf
öğrencilerinin mühendisler ve bilim insanlarına yönelik algılarının
incelenmesi, sınıf düzeylerine göre karşılaştırmaların yapılmasıdır. Tarama
modelinin benimsendiği araştırma, 2015-2016 eğitim-öğretim yılının ikinci
döneminin sonunda gerçekleştirilmiştir. Araştırmanın çalışma grubunu İstanbul’daki
bir devlet ortaokulunda öğrenim gören 131 beşinci sınıf, 103 yedinci sınıf
öğrencisi oluşturmuştur. Öğrencilerden hayallerindeki mühendis ve bilim
insanını çizmeleri istenmiştir. Mühendis algısıyla ilgili veriler, öğrencilerin
en çok ev/bina yapımıyla uğraşan “inşaat mühendisi” hayal ettiklerini; bilim
insanı algısı ile ilgili veriler, bilim insanlarını “deney yaparken” hayal
ettiklerini göstermiştir. Araştırmadan elde edilen bulgular, öğrencilerin
mühendisleri daha az bildiklerini ve mühendisler ile bilim insanlarını erkek
olarak algıladıklarını göstermiştir. Özellikle kız öğrencilerin sınıf düzeyi
arttıkça kadın mühendis ve bilim insanı algısının azaldığı görülmüş, bu sonuç
kız öğrencilerin kendi kariyerlerine bakış açıları açısından çarpıcı bulunmuştur.
Çözüm olarak STEM eğitimi önerilmiştir.
Slavery in a Remote but Global Place: the British East India Company and Bencoolen, 1685-1825
Authors: Allen Richard
Published: June 2018

Histories of the British East India Company usually ignore the company’s use of slave labor. Records from its factory at Bencoolen in Sumatra provide an opportunity to examine company attitudes and policies toward its chattel work force in greater detail. These sources reveal that the company drew slaves from a global catchment area to satisfy the demand for labor in its far-flung commercial empire, shed light on policies and practices regarding the treatment of company slaves, and illustrate the company’s role in the development of increasingly interconnected free and forced labor trades during the late eighteenth and early nineteenth centuries. The Bencoolen case study also highlights the need to examine colonial migrant labor systems in the Indian Ocean and maritime Asia worlds in more fully developed contexts.
Incentivizing with Bonus in a College Statistics Course
Authors: Ingalls Victoria
Published: June 2018

Many studies have argued the negative effects of external rewards on internal motivation while others assert that external motivation does not necessarily undermine intrinsic motivation. At a private university, students were given the option to earn bonus points for achieving mastery in the online homework systems associated with Statistics and Pre-Calculus courses. The results showed a significant difference in online homework grades and final exam scores, dependent upon when the incentive was given. The findings of this research suggest that college students thrive when incentivized. When compared to the students who were not incentivized, the incentivized group had a statistically significantly higher mean for both online homework scores and final exam scores. Many of the incentivized students chose to take the opportunity to earn the bonus points to increase the final semester grade, which apparently also helped to increase the content knowledge necessary for the final exam.
Uncovering the Relation between CK and PCK: An Investigation of Preservice Elementary Mathematics Teachers’ Algebra Teaching Knowledge
Authors: Güler Mustafa , Çelik Derya
Published: June 2018

This article discuss the algebra teaching knowledge of preservice elementary mathematics teachers in the context of CK and PCK as well as the relationship between them. The study was conducted with 101 preservice teachers sampled from a state university in Turkey. Rasch analysis was used to interpret the data. The results revealed that preservice teachers performed at mid-level for both CK and PCK tests. It was also found that there was significant correlation between the CK and PCK test scores. Weaknesses of the preservice teachers in terms of knowledge of the learner component of PCK, in comparison with presentation of content, were identified.
List of reviewers
Authors: Diez Palomar Javier
Published: June 2018

List of reviewers 2017.
Бессознательное медиированной реальности
Authors: Калмыков Александр Альбертович
Published: June 2018

В статье исследуется проблема картины мира, которую конструируют медиа и которая формируется на основе бессознательного.

Текст доклада автора на Всероссийской научной конференции «Культура между Логосом и Мифом: к проблеме бессознательного (к 80-летию А. Э. Воскобойникова)», которая прошла в Московском гуманитарном университете 26–27 октября 2017 года.
A prospective randomized trial to compare side effects of early versus late removal of Foley’s catheter and vaginal pack following vaginal hysterectomy
Authors: Gupta Ayesha , P. Reddi Rani
Published: June 2018

Background: There is a controversy about the ideal time for removal of catheter and vaginal pack following vaginal hysterectomy. The present study was undertaken to compare post-operative morbidity in early and late removal of Foley’s catheter and vaginal pack.  The aim of this study is to compare post-operative morbidity in early and late removal of Foley’s catheter and vaginal pack following vaginal hysterectomy.Methods: This was a prospective randomized study with n=100 of those women who were undergoing vaginal hysterectomy with or without pelvic floor repair and fulfilled the inclusion criteria. After informed written consent, they were assigned to Foley’s catheter and vaginal pack removal group in 6 hours (group I, n=50) or 24 hours removal group (group II, n=50). Primary parameters used to assess were urine routine and microscopy, urine culture and sensitivity on post-operative day 2, need for re-catheterization and repacking, febrile morbidity, ambulation, vault infection and post-operative hospital stay duration were analyzed in both groups.Results: Febrile morbidity was found in 6% and 8%, Positive urine culture was found in 10% and 20%, Rate of re-catheterization was 10% in group I and group II respectively. Vaginal bleeding after pack removal and repacking was in 6% in group I whilst none had in group II.Conclusions: Early removal was associated with less incidence of urinary tract infection, and increased rate of re-catheterization and repacking. Needs larger comparative studies to support the practice of early removal.
Evaluation of complications during third stage of labour among women delivering at tertiary care center
Authors: Agrawal Tanya , Kalra Ruchi , Suryavanshi Aabha
Published: June 2018

Background: The common complications occurring during third stage of labor are PPH Retained Placenta, Morbid adherent placenta- placenta accreta, placenta increta, percreta, perineal tears, uterine inversion increasing the maternal morbidity and mortality. The objective of the present study was to evaluate percentage and spectrum of obstetrics complication occurring during third stage of labor.Methods: An observational study was done at Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, People’s College of Medical Sciences and Research Center, Bhopal from January 2016 to December 2017. All women delivering vaginally including instrumental deliveries were included. The medio-lateral episiotomy was given to all primigravida and for multigravida decision was case based as big size babies, instrumental deliveries, rigid perineum. Active management of third stage of labor was practiced.Results: 899 women delivered vaginally during the study period of 2 years (Jan -Dec 2016 Jan -Dec 2017). Among these 6.45% (58 women) had various complications during third stage of labor . 55% were primigravida. Complications which were observed to occur during third stage of labor were perineal tear 4% (37/899 deliveries). Atonic PPH occurred in 0.5% (9/899 deliveries) Traumatic PPH was in 1.44% (13/899 deliveries and 0.3% cases had retained placenta. Associated condition in perineal tear cases were 92% had big size babies 5% cases were preterm labor and in 3% cases ventouse application was done.Conclusions: Common complications were 1st and 2nd degree perineal tears occurred in 4% deliveries and traumatic PPH were in 1.44% of cases.
Qualitative lens to assessing the ground level implementation of conditional cash transfer scheme in India
Authors: Sharma Shantanu , Mehra Devika , Nayak Harsavardhan , Singh M. M.
Published: June 2018

Background: Conditional cash transfer scheme, known as Janani Suraksha Yojna (JSY) is an innovative concept on the lines of behavioral economics. The study aimed to investigate factors associated with effective implementation of scheme at the community in Delhi, India.Methods: We did qualitative study to investigate the implementation factors related to JSY by conducting in depth interviews with 50 mothers in a span of three months. All the interviews were conducted in local language (Hindi) by the principle investigator. The data were collected through semi-structured interviews, which were later transcribed and recorded in Microsoft-Excel sheet. The themes were developed inductively, meaning that they were anticipated from the design of interview, during literature review and deductively meaning that they were not anticipated during design of the interview.Results: The mean (±SD) age of the women was 25(±3.5) years. More than three-forth of the mothers were not aware of the JSY scheme. Most of the women claimed limited support from accredited social health activist at the time of delivery. Provision of respectful maternity care was poor with women reporting episodes of verbal abuses, and arrogant attitude of the staff. Issues in utilization of the scheme encountered in study were untimely disbursement of money, problems in the process of BPL cards formation, lack of awareness on the scheme, banking illiteracy etc.Conclusions: Amidst the wider geographic reach and accessibility of the scheme by the poor, there exists some barriers to its effective implementation and practical challenges, which need immediate addressal by program managers.
Significance of Wharton’s jelly area in prediction of aberrant foetal growth
Authors: Amin Sapna , Hebbar Shripad , Pothakamuri Deepika , Adiga Prashant
Published: June 2018

Background: Size of the baby at the time birth determines its outcome. Low birth weight babies have their own set of problems such as respiratory distress syndrome, hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy, metabolic derangements and high rates of admission to intensive care units. On the other hand too large babies may cause difficulty in vaginal births, higher incidence of birth trauma including the maternal genital injuries. Both conditions are associated with higher rates of operative delivery and hence it is important to investigate parameters which could identify these foetal growth abnormalities in the antenatal period only. The objective of the present investigation was to study the relationship between foetal umbilical cord Wharton’s Jelly Area and neonatal birth weight within two weeks of deliveryMethods: A prospective observational study was conducted at Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal, Karnataka, India over a period of two years. Two hundred and fifty women from 34 weeks gestational age who have delivered within two weeks of estimation of Wharton’s Jelly Area by ultrasound were analysed. Wharton’s Jelly Area was measured in pregnant woman after 34 weeks of gestation at the time of third trimester scan. Scans were repeated every two weeks till the woman delivered. Measurements were done in a free loop of the umbilical cord. Regression analysis was used to correlate Wharton’s jelly quantity with the birth weight obtained after birth of the neonate.Results: There was a good correlation between Wharton’s Jelly Area and neonatal birth weight. The mean birth weight was 2247.2 gms in <than 10th centile group, 2945.1gms in 10th to 90th centile and 3552.1 gms in more than 90th centile group, demonstrating a consistent rise in mean birth weight with higher centile groups. Polynomial regression function showed good fit between Wharton’s jelly and birth weight (R² = 0.8842, p<0.001). When Wharton’s jelly area was less than 10th centile, 72% of neonates had small for gestational age (SGA).Conclusions: There is a positive association between Wharton’s Jelly Area and neonatal birth weight. Birth weight of neonate showed steady increase with increasing Wharton’s Jelly Area.
A cross sectional study on knowledge, attitude, practice regarding emergency contraception
Authors: Putchakayala Jahnavi , Rao Manjula , Edwards Prashanthy , Mohan Mini
Published: June 2018

Background: Emergency contraception (EC) is the contraception administered to a woman after unprotected intercourse. This study aims to assess the knowledge, attitude, practice of emergency contraception among patients of 15-45 years attending Obstetrics and Gynaecology outpatient department.Methods: A cross sectional study was conducted in Durgabai Deshmukh Hospital, Hyderabad during June 2014 to June 2016. This study included 300 women. A pre structured questionnaire was employed after obtaining informed written valid consent from the patient and institutional ethical committee clearance. Data on age, socio economic status, education, religion, marital status, their knowledge, attitude, practice regarding emergency contraception was obtained, tabulated and analysed using chi-square test.Results: Out of 300 women, 52% belong to 15-25 years, 31% belong to 26-35 years, 17% belong to 36-45 years. 21.6% of the study population heard of EC. Among these 51% heard from media, 24% from friends, 25% from medical personnel. 18.6% of the study population knew the correct time frame of use, knew that is not an abortion pill, effective in preventing pregnancy, could not prevent the spread of sexually transmitted diseases. 85% of the study population have positive attitude. 14.6% of the population practiced EC. Out of them 88% have used emergency contraceptive pills, 12% have used Intra uterine contraceptive device. 77% got EC over the counter, 23% got through prescription.Conclusions: The study highlights the need to motivate women for effective and appropriate use of emergency contraception when required and arrest the trend towards unwanted pregnancy.
Obstetric hysterectomy: analysis of 50 cases at a tertiary care hospital
Authors: Mayadeo Niranjan M. , Swaminathan Girija
Published: June 2018

Background: Despite advances in modern medical sciences, there is a plethora of morbidity which continues to affect women during childbirth, necessitating removal of the uterus in the peripartum or postpartum period. This study analyses 50 cases of obstetric hysterectomy done in a single institute.Methods: After Institutional Ethics Committee approval, a retro prospective analysis of hospital records of 50 cases of obstetric hysterectomy was done over a five year period in the department of obstetrics and gynaecology at a tertiary care referral centre-KEM hospital.Results: During the study period, there were 50 cases of obstetric hysterectomy out of 43839 deliveries giving an incidence of 0.12%. Mean age of women undergoing obstetric hysterectomy was 29.9 years. 86% of these were multiparous. The most common indication was morbidly adherent placenta (38%) followed closely by followed by rupture uterus (34%) and uterine atony (20%). Total hysterectomy was the most preferred type of hysterectomy (74%). Urinary tract injury and hypovolemic shock were the most frequently encountered complications. The maternal mortality rate in our study was 4%. 86% of the babies born had Apgar score of 9/10. 44% of babies required admission to neonatal intensive care unit.19.6% of the patients had still born babies and there were 4 neonatal deaths.Conclusions: Obstetric hysterectomy is associated with increased risk of maternal and perinatal morbidity and mortality.
Intrauterine foetal demise in pre-eclampsia - role of mifepristone: a case series
Authors: Chopra Kanika , . Suchitra , Lal Prbha
Published: June 2018

Mifepristone is a steroid, which is a progesterone antagonist and is widely used for termination of pregnancies in all the trimester. It increases the sensitivity of the uterus to prostaglandins and ripens the cervix. Its role in inducing women with intra uterine demise is on the rise with varying dose regimen either alone or in combination with misoprostol. Among the various causes of intrauterine demise, one of the most important is hypertensive disorders of pregnancy complicating around 10% of pregnancies worldwide, Serum uric acid, a marker of oxidative stress is an important parameter in defining poor fetal outcome in women with pre-eclampsia. Induction of labour in women diagnosed with intrauterine demise is again a challenge in such women and mifepristone helps to a larger extent. In present case series, authors present six women presenting with pre-eclampsia with intrauterine demise, their clinical and biochemistry profile and responding to single dose of mifepristone of 200 mg with mean induction to delivery interval being 40 hours. Henceforth, authors conclude that even single dose of mifepristone can work wonders taking into consideration the cost of the drug and thus can be definitely employed in daily clinical practice.
Sumber Dana dan Persepsi Tentang Bunga Bank oleh Pedagang Muslim (Studi Pedagang di Pasar Basah di Kota Kendari Tahun 2015)
Authors: Afandi Nur , Ernawati Ernawati
Published: June 2018

Abstract Fatwa of  The Council of Indonesian Ulama (Majelis Ulama Indonesia, MUI) Number 1/ 2004 imply that  bank interest equal to usury. The purpose of this study was to determine Muslim traders' perceptions of interest, and their consistency in the behavior of loan applications.  Methods of data collection used in this study was questionnaires to Muslim traders of Wet Mandonga Market Kendari City. Samples taken in this research were 30 respondents with census sampling technique. The data were analyzed using percentage. The level of consistency of respondents is calculated by the share of the number of respondents who consider the bank interest equal to usury and do not make loans with conventional scheme, to the total respondents. The results showed that all Muslim traders in the Wet Market Mandonga Kendari City have understood that the interest is equal to usury However there are 16.67 percent of respondents whose equity is usury, where 6.67 percent of which comes from loan shark. The consistency of perception and application of the understanding of interest money on Muslim traders reached 83.33 percent.AbstrakFatwa Majelis Ulama Indonesia (MUI) Nomor 1 Tahun 2004  membawa pesan bahwa bunga bank sama dengan riba. Penelitian ini mengkaji persepsi pedagang muslim tentang bunga, dan konsistensinya terhadap perilaku pengajuan pinjaman modal. Metode pengumpulan data diperoleh melalui kuisioner bagi pedagang muslim di  Pasar Basah Mandonga Kota  Kendari. Sampel pada penelitian ini  berjumlah 30 orang pedagang, yang ditentukan berdasarkan metode sensus. Metode analisis yang digunakan yaitu matriks empat kuadran dan persentase. Tingkat konsistensi responden dihitung dengan persentase jumlah responden yang menganggap bunga bank sama dengan riba yang sekaligus tidak melakukan pinjaman  dengan tambahan bunga, terhadap total responden. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa seluruh pedagang muslim di Pasar Basah Mandonga Kota Kendari telah memahami bahwa bunga pinjaman uang sama dengan riba. Meskipun demikian terdapat 16,67 persen  responden yang permodalannya bersifat ribawi yang 6,67 persen diantaranya bersumber dari rentenir. Adapun konsistensi persepsi dan aplikasi dari pemahaman akan bunga uang pada pedagang muslim mencapai 83,33 persen
O palácio e o consenso: o Officium Palatinum e a articulação da aristocracia visigoda (Séculos VI-VIII)
Authors: Daflon Eduardo Cardoso
Published: June 2018

A chamada Hispânia Visigótica foi, sem dúvida, uma sociedade estratificada e cindida. Não só em distintas classes sociais – sendo a aristocracia e o campesinato as duas principais –, mas também do ponto de vista das disputas internas às classes, algo que pode ser percebido pelas tensões intermitentes das quais a documentação nos dá apenas algumas pistas. Estes conflitos internos, no que diz respeito à aristocracia, são mais evidentes no contexto das constantes disputas pelo trono régio, porém se manifestam frequentemente nos conflitos pelo controle de patrimônio fundiário e dos dependentes. Em suma, a fim de amortecer e tentar controlar estes choques internos, podemos vislumbrar a existência de mecanismos privilegiados de articulação dos grupos dominantes, sendo um deles o palácio régio ou, como muitas vezes referido nos documentos de época, o Officium Palatinum. Assim, consiste em um dos objetivos fundamentais deste trabalho esboçar uma caracterização deste âmbito de articulação, bem como explicitar os níveis de dominação por ele propiciado.
Índice de Mobilidade Urbana Sustentável (IMUS) para o Domínio Planejamento Integrado em Sinop-MT
Authors: Ferreira Paulo , Guarda Emeli Lalesca Aparecida da , Leão Marlon , Sanches João Carlos Machado , Ohira Luís Shigeharu
Published: June 2018

Com base no Índice de Mobilidade Urbana Sustentável – IMUS- desenvolvido por Costa (2008) este trabalho tem por objetivo aferir, através do cálculo dos indicadores, os aspectos positivos e negativos na atual conjuntura de desenvolvimento e mobilidade urbana, relacionado ao domínio Planejamento Integrado, no município de Sinop/MT. Os dados aferidos entre os meses de agosto e outubro de 2015 estão relacionados a um contexto específico no tempo, podendo ser reavaliados em situações futuras, em função de mudanças, de ordem econômica, social, ambiental ou do próprio sistema de mobilidade urbana. Obteve-se o IMUS de 0,551 para o município de Sinop. Nesta avaliação, considera-se que Sinop atingiu uma pontuação mediana de acordo com a escala proposta pelo IMUS. O município tem buscado a viabilização de um desenvolvimento mais sustentável, porém, ainda tem muito que ajustar quanto ao planejamento integrado, a partir de ações integradas e de pessoal qualificado. As ações de reconhecimento e fiscalização estão presentes,   ainda assim, o município possui pendências de regularização de novos bairros e condomínios residenciais, faltam escolas e postos de saúde, reflexos do constante e acentuado crescimento do município. Observa-se ainda que os problemas encontrados impactam de maneira mais significativas as populações mais carentes, que ocupam as áreas mais distantes do centro da cidade.
ECONOMIC POLICY UNCERTAINTY, GLOBAL OIL PRICES, INTEREST RATE, AND STOCK MARKET RETURNS - A COINTEGRATION AND CAUSALITY ANALYSIS
Authors: YESUF Abdurahman Jemal , AVCI Emin
Published: June 2018

This study examines the time-varying cointegration and causal relationship between stock market indices, economic policy uncertainties, changes in global oil price and variation in short-term interest rates in two countries such as Russia and China, the largest oil exporting and importing countries respectively. The empirical analysis is based on the Johanssen (1996) cointegration and VEC Granger and Morris’s (1976) causality test with the selected variables in view of monthly data over the period from 1996:01 to 2016:12. The outcome of the Johansen tests indicated the existence of a long-run relationship among variables both in China and Russia. In the short run, the Block Exogeneity Wald Tests have indicated the presence of unidirectional granger causality between variables in both countries. The study has taken into account the 1998 Russian crisis and the 2008/09 global financial crisis.
The Effects of Alcohol and Drugs of Abuse on Maternal Nutritional Profile During Pregnancy
Authors: Sebastiani Giorgia , Borrás Novell Cristina , Alsina Canovas Miquel , Pascual Tutusaus Mireia , Ferrero Martinez Silvia , Gómez Roig María Dolores , Garcia-Algar Oscar
Published: June 2018

The consumption of alcohol and drugs of abuse among pregnant women has experienced a significant increase in the last decades. Optimal maternal nutritional status is of great importance for proper fetal development, yet is often altered with alcohol or drugs consumption. There is a lack of information on the effects of alcohol and drugs on maternal nutritional status, so the focus of this review was to provide an overview on nutrional status of mother and fetus in abusers pregnant women. Alcohol and drugs consumption can adversely affect the quality and quantity of proper nutrient supply and energy intake, resulting in malnutrition especially of micronutrients (vitamins, omega-3, folic acid, zinc, choline, iron, copper, selenium). When maternal nutritional status is compromised by alcohol and drugs essential nutrients are not available for the fetus, this can result in suboptimal outcomes like Intrauterine Growth Restriction (IUGR) or Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorder (FASD). It is critical to determine a means to resolve and reduce the physical and neurological malformations that develop in the fetus as a result of prenatal alcohol and drugs exposure combined with poor maternal nutrition. Prenatal nutrition interventions are required that may prevent or alleviate the development of such abnormalities.
Single Cell Isolation Using Optical Tweezers
Authors: Keloth Anusha , Anderson Owen , Risbridger Donald , Paterson Lynn
Published: June 2018

Optical tweezers offer a non-contact method for selecting single cells and translocating them from one microenvironment to another. We have characterized the optical tweezing of yeast S. cerevisiae and can manipulate single cells at velocities up to 0.77 mm/s using laser powers of 40 mW from a 785 nm diode laser. We have fabricated and tested three cell isolation devices; a micropipette, a PDMS chip and laser machined fused silica chip and we have isolated single bacteria, yeast and cyanobacteria cells. The most effective isolation was achieved in PDMS chip, where single yeast cells were grown and observed for 18 hours without contamination. The duration of budding in S. cerevisiae was not affected by the laser parameters used, but the time from tweezing until the first budding event began increased with increase laser energy (laser power x time). Cells tweezed using 25 mW for 1 minute were viable after isolation. We have constructed a micro-consortium of yeast cells, and a co-culture of yeast and bacteria, using optical tweezers in combination with the PDMS network of channels and isolation chambers, which may impact on both industrial biotechnology and understanding pathogen dynamics.
Delta Project, Towards a Sustainable Campus
Authors: Hugo Héctor , Espinoza Felipe , Morales Ivetheyamel , Ortiz Elías , Pérez Saúl , Salcedo Galo
Published: June 2018

The University of Guayaquil, which shares the same name as the city where it is located, faces the challenge of transforming its image for the XXI century. It was deemed necessary to identify details about the urban evolution of the historic link with the city, in relation to the changes produced by the project’s siting and its direct area of influence. The goal is to integrate the main university campus within a framework which guarantees sustainability and allows innovation in the living lab. To achieve this, the action research method was applied, focused on participation and the logic framework. For the diagnosis, proposal, and management model, integrated working groups were organized with internal users such as professors, students, and university authorities, and external actors such as residents, the local business community, Guayaquil city council, and the Governorate of Guayas. As result of the diagnosis, six different analysis dimensions were established which correspond to the new urban agenda for the future campus: compactness, inclusiveness, resilience, sustainability, safety and participation. As a proposal, the urban design integrates the analysis dimensions whose financing and execution are given by the Town Hall, at the same time the Governorate integrates the campus with its network of community police headquarters.
The Role of Archaic Human Genes in the Current Epidemic of Diabetes Mellitus in Indigenous Australians
Authors: Brzozowska Malgorzata , Allen Richard
Published: June 2018

Indigenous Australians have been particularly affected by type 2 diabetes mellitus due to their genetic susceptibility and a range of environmental risk factors. Recent genetic studies link predisposition to some diseases, including diabetes, to archaic humans, such as Neanderthals and Denisovans, suggesting persistence of ancient alleles in the genomes of modern humans. In this review we discuss the evolutionary role of the negative genetic selection associated with an adopted Western lifestyle as well as DNA variants influencing predisposition to obesity and diabetes in the Australian Indigenous population. We review the contribution of the ancient gene/pathways to the modern human phenotypes including the Neanderthal haplotype-tagging SNPs in NTRK2 gene, which may continue to play a role in obesity in Indigenous Australians.
A “Smart” Trap Device for Detection of Crawling Insects and Other Arthropods in Urban Environments
Authors: Eliopoulos Panagiotis , Tatlas Nikolaos-Alexandros , Rigakis Iraklis , Potamitis Ilyas
Published: June 2018

We introduce a device for automatic detection and reporting of crawling insects in urban environments. It is a monitoring device for urban pests that complies with the context of smart homes, smart cities and is compatible with the emerging discipline of the Internet of Things (IoT). We believe it can find its place to every room of a hotel, hospital, military camp and residence. This box-shaped device attracts targeted insect pests, senses the entering insect and takes automatically a picture of the internal space of the box. The picture is communicated through the Wi-Fi commonly found in such establishments to an authorized person/stakeholder receiving the picture to take proper action. The e-trap includes strong attractants (pheromone and/or food) to increase capture efficiency. The insect is trapped on the sticky floor of the device. The device carries the necessary optoelectronic sensors to guard all entrances of the trap. As the insect enters it interrupts the infrared light source. This triggers a detection event; a picture is taken, and a time-stamp is set before reporting the event through the Wi-Fi. The device can be integrated seamlessly in urban environments and operates unobtrusively to human activities. We report results on various insect pests and depending on the insect species, can reach a detection accuracy ranging from 96-99%.
Real Exchange Rate Misalignment and Economic Growth: The Case of Trinidad and Tobago
Authors: Conrad Daren , Jagessar Jaymieon
Published: June 2018

Conventional economic theory outlines that developing countries experience economic growth through an undervalued exchange rate and that exchange rate overvaluations has negative long term effects on economic growth. This paper examined the impact of exchange rate movements as well as exchange rate misalignments on economic growth for the Trinidad and Tobago economy over the period 1960 to 2016. We find statistically significant evidence that both exchange rate appreciation and misalignments impact negatively on economic growth in the T&T economy. Drilling deeper we find interestingly that there exist no non-linear effects of exchange rate misalignments on growth. Specifically we find statistically significant evidence that both overvaluations and undervaluations hamper economic growth in the Trinidad and Tobago economy. We attribute this to T&T’s small and underdeveloped manufacturing sector that tends to be overlooked on account of its energy resources, in addition to the fact that its manufacturing sector is highly import oriented. A major policy recommendation would be for the critical reassessment of the rules governing the HSF, as government expenditure was allowed to follow energy revenues due to its current limitations.
Planck Mass Measured Totally Independent of Big G Utilizing McCulloch-HeisenbergNewtonian Equivalent Gravity
Authors: Gaarder Haug Espen
Published: June 2018

In 2014, McCulloch showed, in a new and interesting way, how to derive a gravity theoryfrom Heisenberg's uncertainty principle that is equivalent to Newtonian gravity. McCulloch utilizesthe Planck mass in his derivation and obtains a gravitational constant of ~cm2p. This is a compositeconstant, which is equivalent in value to Newton's gravitational constant. However, McCulloch haspointed out that his approach requires an assumption on the value of G, and that this involvessome circular reasoning. This is in line with the view that the Planck mass is a derived constantfrom Newton's gravitational constant, while big G is a universal fundamental constant. Here we willshow that we can go straight from the McCulloch derivation to measuring the Planck mass withoutany knowledge of the gravitational constant. From this perspective, there are no circular problemswith his method. This means that we can measure the Planck mass without Newton's gravitationalconstant, and shows that the McCulloch derivation is a theory of quantum gravity that stands onits own. Even more importantly, we show that we can easily measure the Schwarzschild radius ofa mass without knowing its mass, or Newton's gravitational constant, or the Planck constant. Thevery essence of gravity is linked to the Planck length and the speed of light, but here we will claimthat we do not need to know the Planck length itself. Our conclusion is that Newton's gravitationalconstant is a universal constant, but it is a composite constant of the form G =l2pc3~ where thePlanck length and the speed of light are the keys to gravity. This could be an important steptowards the development of a full theory of quantum gravity.
A Unified Reconfigurable CORDIC Processor for Floating-Point Arithmetic
Authors: Fang Linlin , Li Bingyi , Xie Yizhuang , Chen He
Published: June 2018

This paper presents a unified reconfigurable coordinate rotation digital computer (CORDIC) processor for floating-point arithmetic. It can be configured to operate in multi-mode to achieve a variety of operations and replaces multiple single-mode CORDIC processors. A reconfigurable pipeline-parallel mixed architecture is proposed to adapt different operations, which maximizes the sharing of common hardware circuit and achieves the area-delay-efficiency. Compared with previous unified floating-point CORDIC processors, the consumption of hardware resources is greatly reduced. As a proof of concept, we apply it to 1638416384 points target Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) imaging system, which is implemented on Xilinx XC7VX690T FPGA platform. The maximum relative error of each phase function between hardware and software computation and the corresponding SAR imaging result can meet the accuracy index requirements.
The Role of Sea Water Mineral Bonding Process with Graphite-Copper and Graphite-Aluminum Electrodes in Producing Electrical Energy
Authors: B.Utomo Satryo , Winarto - , S. Widodo Agung , Wardana ING
Published: June 2018

In the development of battery technology, the storage capacity and the cell voltage is determined by the anode and cathode materials that affect the rate of migration of electrons. The problem of Lithium battery is flammable. Therefore, new technology providing better performance should be developed. The aim of this research is to develop an electrode material composite that can collaborate with seawater to produce electricity. The electrodes tested are Copper, Aluminum, Activated Carbon, Wood Powder, Graphite Powder 4B and 8B .The result shows that each electrodes produces different voltage when contact with seawater. It is caused by the patterns of the electron movement disrupted by the electron of seawater in producing a new compound. The composite Graphite –Aluminum (GAL) generates high electricity about 580 mV compared to other material. The electrical conductivity of graphite material depends on the particle size which is larger at smaller the particle size. This research elucidates the role of seawater elements in boosting kinetic energy of delocalized electron on graphite resulting an electron jump.
Preparation of SLS Polypropylene Powder by Solvent Method
Authors: Fang Liang , Wang Yan , Xu Yang
Published: June 2018

The application of solvent method in the preparation of polypropylene powders was investigated, including the influence of various technological conditions, such as the raw material melt index of polypropylene, processing temperature, dosage of the solvent and the packing pressure. The experimental data show that using solvent method can effectively produce polypropylene powder, and the optimal technological conditions are: melt index of polypropylene being about 17.8 g/10min, processing temperature being about 166.0 ℃, dosage of the solvent being about 0.067g/ml and the packing pressure being about 0.7MPa.Under this technological conditions, polypropylene powder with excellent sphericity could be prepared, the apparent density of powder can reach 0.40 g/cm3 and the prepared powder displayed a narrow size distribution with the mean size of about 42.7 µm.
A Three-phase to Seven-phase Energy Transformation under Unbalanced Supply Voltage
Authors: Tabrez Md , Kumar Sadhu Pradip , Iqbal Atif , Ilahi Baksh Farhad
Published: June 2018

In the recent past, multiphase power generation, power transmission, and electrical drive system are the main focus of research due to their several advantages over three phase. Multiphase drives have better performance over three-phase drives. A multiphase transformer is required at the input of a fixed frequency multiphase drive, rectifier circuit for HVDC applications and multiphase generation and transmission systems. This paper investigates a static three to seven phase conversion technique and presents a design of transformer and control strategy to analyze the effect of unbalanced supply on a three phase to seven phase transformer. The transformer so designed takes three phase as input and seven phase output is obtained at the secondary terminals. The paper also discusses input-output unbalancing. A complete design, analysis, simulation of the proposed technique and experimental validation is presented in this paper. Experimental and simulation results prove that the presented design produced a seven-phase from a tree-phase ac power. Input unbalance is reflected to output but is less than the input unbalance. A seven phase output is not produced if one phase of input is open and the transformer has more than three limbs for flux to flow. A balanced seven phase output in steady state is produced even in one phase open condition for a three limb core type transformer. A new definition of sequence components of an unbalanced seven phase system is defined in this paper.