bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Complicaciones de la Colecistectomía Videolaparoscópica en Cirugías electivas Hospital Militar Central de las FFAA Servicio de Cirugía General. Periodo Enero 2019 a Junio del 2020
Authors: Cardozo-Arias Hernando Raúl , Verdecchia-Insfran Cynthia Patricia , Caballero Alejandro , Fretes Amanda , Portillo Gloria , Roa Gustavo
Published: January 2021

Sin duda alguna, el procedimiento laparoscópico más utilizado en el mundo lo constituye la colecistectomía, pero a pesar de ser unas de las técnicas sofisticadas el riesgo de complicaciones sigue siendo elevada. El objetivo del estudio fue Determinar las complicaciones quirúrgicas de los pacientes sometidos a colecistectomía laparoscópica electiva del Hospital Militar Central durante el periodo enero del 2019 a junio del 2020, El estudio fue observacional, descriptivo, prospectivo, con muestreo no probabilístico de casos consecutivos, de pacientes admitidos al servicio de cirugía general del Hospital Militar Central sometidos a colecistectomía videolaparoscopica durante el periodo arriba mencionado. La muestra correspondió a 371 fichas de pacientes operados. La complicación quirúrgica fue de 1,06%. Las edades de los pacientes se encontraban entre 15 a 39 años en un 36,81% y 51,28% de los pacientes fueron del sexo femenino. Las complicaciones durante el desarrollo de la colecistectomía fueron dos casos de hemorragias en el lecho operatorio que se convirtió al final en una cirugía abierta y las complicaciones que se originaron en el período postoperatorio inmediato se encontraron el bilioperitoneo y fuga del clip de la arteria cística.
Reconstrucción mamaria en Síndrome de Poland Severo
Authors: García-Wenninger Miguel , Sandoval-Perez Jose , Aldana-Ubilus Celso
Published: January 2021

El síndrome de Poland es una malformación congénita infrecuente, caracterizada por hipoplasia de la mama y el pezón, escasez de tejido subcutáneo y ausencia de la porción esternal del músculo pectoral mayor. Presentamos el caso de una paciente de 25 años en el que se realiza una reconstrucción con colgajo de dorsal ancho, expansor tisular, prótesis mamaria de silicona y lipofilling mamario más injerto de pezón y areola en varias etapas.
ARA KAZANÇ TİCARETİNDEKİ (CARRY TADE) ÇÖZÜLMENİN ASİMETRİK ETKİLERİ: TÜRKİYE ÜZERİNE BİR UYGULAMA
Authors: GACENER ATIŞ Aydanur , ERER Deniz
Published: January 2021

Ara kazanç ticareti, spekülatif bir finansal işlem ve kaldıraçlı döviz kuru pozisyonudur. Bu nedenle, ara kazanç ticareti pozisyonlarında meydana gelebilecek ani bir çözülme, yüksek faiz oranına sahip para biriminin sert bir şekilde değer kaybetmesine ve dolayısıyla döviz kuru oynaklığının artmasına yol açmakta; küresel dengesizliklere ve finansal krizlere neden olarak finansal kırılganlık ve istikrarsızlığın önemli bir kaynağı olmaktadır. Bu çalışmada, Ocak 2005 – Eylül 2017 döneminde Türkiye’de ara kazanç ticaretindeki çözülmenin finansal değişkenler üzerindeki etkisi, USD/TL kur oynaklığının ve Türkiye ile Amerika Birleşik Devletleri arasındaki faiz oranları farkının yüksek ve düşük olduğu dönemler için incelenmiştir. Çalışmanın sonucunda, ara kazanç ticaretindeki ani bir çözülmenin faiz oranları farkının yüksek ve düşük olduğu dönemlerde faiz oranının ve BİST 100 getirisinin azalmasına, enflasyon oranının artmasına; döviz kuru oynaklığının yüksek ve düşük olduğu dönemlerde Türk Lirasının değer kaybetmesine, BİST 100 getirisinin ise azalmasına neden olduğu sonucuna ulaşılmıştır.
Familia, libertad y poder : reflexiones filosóficas
Authors: Aguirre Oraa José María
Published: January 2021

El artículo intenta pensar filosóficamente la realidad de la familia en sus poliédricas manifestaciones, buscando «ir más allá» de sus meros aspectos sociológicos, económicos y culturales. La reflexión tiene que vérselas con el hecho cultural de que la familia «resiste», aunque experimenta a la vez pro-fundas transformaciones. Se señala a continuación la «plasticidad» esencial-mente cultural de la estructura familiar y sus capacidades humanizadoras y personalizadoras. De ahí que la familia sea un microcosmos que refleja las diferentes tensiones entre poder y libertad. En un intento de articular eros y agapé, el amor aparece no tanto como lo que da sentido a las relacio-nes interpersonales, cuanto lo que las hace posible de verdad. Esto (leva a pensar que el amor puede ser el sentido mismo de la moral, aquello sobre lo que está fundamentada. Y este amor debe superar los límites de la fami-lia para expandirse en fraternidad y solidaridad universales.
Estadística y hacienda en una sociedad de patronazgo : la España rural del siglo XIX
Authors: Pro Ruiz Juan
Published: January 2021

Las dificultades para imponer un sistema fiscal moderno y las presiones de los grupos locales de poder para impedir la realización de verdaderos catas-tros que averiguaran la riqueza agraria son los puntos de partida de este artí-culo que relaciona con exactitud los diferentes niveles de influencia y define con rigor las redes que se fueron estableciendo en la España caciquil del siglo XIX.
CAPRA: piloting biological chain elongation of syngas-based bio-ethanol
Authors: De Wilde Fabian
Published: January 2021

Contribution to the International Chain Elongation Conference 2020 | ICEC 2020
Characterization of carboxylate producing microbial communities
Authors: Fortney Nathaniel W.
Published: January 2021

Contribution to the International Chain Elongation Conference 2020 | ICEC 2020. An abstract can be found in the right column.
Flow cytometry as tool to monitor chain elongation performance
Authors: Sabbe Kevin
Published: January 2021

Contribution to the International Chain Elongation Conference 2020 | ICEC 2020. An abstract can be found in the right column.
Medium-chain carboxylic acids production using consortia from winery wastewater, ruminal fluid and granular sludge
Authors: Villegas-Rodríguez Sharon B.
Published: January 2021

Contribution to the International Chain Elongation Conference 2020 | ICEC 2020. An abstract can be found in the right column.
Simulating chain elongation with constraint-based metabolic modelling
Authors: Scarborough Matthew
Published: January 2021

Contribution to the International Chain Elongation Conference 2020 | ICEC 2020. An abstract can be found in the right column.
Chain elongators, friends and foes (or the microbial ecology of chain elongation microbiomes)
Authors: Ganigué Ramon
Published: January 2021

Contribution to the International Chain Elongation Conference 2020 | ICEC 2020. An abstract can be found in the right column.
Modelling fermentative hydrogen production of cheese wastewater
Authors: Ravanini do Nascimento Thiago
Published: January 2021

Contribution to the International Chain Elongation Conference 2020 | ICEC 2020. An abstract can be found in the right column.
An autopsy record study of neoplastic lesions of heart in sudden deaths
Authors: Biradar Mallikarjun K , M Smitha , Kamakeri N S , Biradar Sunilkumar S
Published: January 2021

World Health Organization (WHO) defines sudden death as "deaths within 24 hours from the onset of the symptoms". It is also defined as death which is sudden, unexpected, clinically unexplained, or otherwise obscure even though there needs to be no unnatural element in their causation. Patients with neoplastic diseases, especially malignancies, are at greatly elevated risk of sudden death, because they may suffer from a variety of neoplasms. Majority of neoplasm-related sudden deaths (NSDs) are caused by neoplasm’s affecting critical organs such as the heart and brain.

To study the different histomorphological neoplastic lesions of heart in sudden deaths.

A total of 1500 hearts were studied. All the sudden deaths which happened in hospital from 1997 to 2016 were included in the study.

In 20 years (1997-2016) nearly 1500 hearts were studied for sudden deaths in our institute. In our autopsy series, only secondary cardiac tumours were seen in 05 cases and caused sudden Ischemic heart disease were reported in 250 (17%) cases and left ventricular hypertrophy in 145(9.60%) cases. Altogether hypertensive heart diseases contributed about 26% of total sudden deaths.

A routine health check up of the people after 40 years along with conducting system is need of the hour.
Study of association of bleeding and clotting time with blood group among young adults
Authors: Geetha M Bagavad , Benjamin Jiby Jolly
Published: January 2021

Blood group plays a unique role in revealing the identity of an individual. Several studies have expressed variations in bleeding tendencies among individuals with various ABO blood groups. Hence a study was done to the find association of bleeding and clotting time with this blood group.

This study had a cross-sectional study design and was done among 250 young adults. Slide agglutination method was used to assess ABO blood group; while Dukes and capillary tube method were used to determine bleeding and clotting time respectively. Chi-square analysis was done to analyze its association with blood group.

Blood group O (38.4%) was found to be the major blood group among both genders, followed by B (34%), A (19.2%), AB (0.08%). Bleeding time of more than 4 minutes was found in both O and B group but the result was statistically not significant (p=0.85). Clotting time of more than 6 minutes was found again in both O and B groups and the difference was not significant (p=0.96). Bleeding time was found to be higher in males while Clotting time was found to be more prolonged in females however the difference was statistically less significant (p>0.05).

In this study, results have shown that blood group O was the predominant blood group among the study population and blood group O and B had prolonged bleeding and clotting time compared to other groups. Based on gender, females had higher clotting time compared to males.
Variations in the origin of dorsalis pedis artery
Authors: George Anju , Alex Lizamma , George Anne
Published: January 2021

The dorsalis pedis artery poses a wide range of anatomical variations. Their embryological dimensions along with clinical importance cater the interest of anatomists on the artery. The available literature lacks in giving a proper insight into their development.

The present study aimed at studying the variations in the origin of dorsalis pedis artery by cadaveric dissection and to provide an embryological basis for them.

Dissection was conducted on fifty free lower limbs of formalin fixed cadavers. Variations in the origin of the artery were noted. The variations were embryologically correlated and their clinical relevance were reviewed.

Of the 50 limbs dissected, normal origin of dorsalis pedis artery was found in 46 limbs (ie:92%). In three cases (6%) the artery originated from one among the other leg arteries. In one specimen the dorsalis pedis artery (DPA)was absent.

The variations were correlated with the embryological development of axis and femoral artery branches.

The variations were also classified under the standardized popliteal artery variants.

The arterial variations are embryological imprints. Knowing them provides great help for vascular surgeries, flap procedures, managing ischemic or diabetic foot, club foot correction etc. Imaging the vessels before surgery is always advocated.
A study on association of placental morphometry with newborn anthropometry
Authors: Ahmed Sami , Aghera Brijesh Kumar
Published: January 2021

Fetal improvement is the fundamental part of maternal supplement stores & compelling transportation through the placenta. Consequently, any distinction in the placenta brings about inconsistent fetal advancement results of expanded danger of delayed sicknesses in the neonatal. This investigation was expected to find the impact of placental morphometry on infant anthropometry.

In current study lacentae were obtained from Obstetrics and Gynecology Unit & pacific medical college & hospital Udaipur and study was conducted in the Dept. of Anatomy, Geetanjali M.C. and Hospital, Udaipur (Rajasthan) from August 2018 to November 2019, by using standard operating methods in a pre-designed & pre-tested format, distributions of placental morphology & newborn anthropometry are stated in percentage & box plots, evaluation of variance is used to study the differences in means of placental morphometry in various groups of newborn anthropometry.

The Means & SD of placental morphometry; weight, volume, surface area & thickness were found to be 440 ± 100gm, 386 ± 101 ml, 230 ± 50 cm sq, & 2.1±0.4cm respectively, whereas Mean for birth weight & length found to be 2700±500 gm & 46.6 ±2.5cm of newborn. Placental morphometry & newborn anthropometry improved significantly with pregnancy.

The study extrapolates that maternal pre-pregnancy & during pregnancy condition status along with placental morphology determines neonatal health status. Hence, variations in the maternal nutrient status lead to an adverse gestational outcome.
Impact of intermittent fasting on human health
Authors: Mahtabuddin  , Shaik Azmatulla , Afroze M Khizer Hussain , Garg Rinku
Published: January 2021

Throughout the world, millions of Muslims fast daily during the month of Ramadan from sunrise (Sahar) until sunset (Iftar). Considering the impacts of environment on physiological functions, we performed this study in order to examine the effects of Ramadan fasting on some blood parameters of healthy volunteers and hypertensive patients.

The study was carried out on 50 healthy, volunteer medical students of different tertiary health centers in the city. Inclusion CriteriaHealthy young, medical students aged between 18 to 28 years, they should be fasting according to the recommendations of Ramadan fasting for the whole month. Exclusion Criteria:Students with any major illness like hypertension, type-2 diabetes mellitus, hyperthyroidism, hypothyroidism, hypercholesterolemia, Cushing’s disease or on any medication.

The mean age was 22.5 years with standard deviation of 2.763. This reduction in Body Weight after Ramadan fasting is found to be statistically significant. (P value < 0.05). The difference of these values shows statistically significant reduction in BMI. (P value < 0.05). The reduction in Waist-Circumference is statistically significant. (P value < 0.01). The reduction in Waist to Hip ratio is statistically significant. (P value < 0.05). The Pre-Ramadan Mean Pulse Rate is reduced from 75.31 ± 4.23 beats/min (M±SD) to Post Ramadan Mean Pulse Rate of 75.12 ± 4.03 beats/min (M±SD). Pre-Ramadan Mean Systolic Blood Pressure decreases from 121.23 ± 6.32 mm of Hg (M±SD) to Post Ramadan Mean Systolic Blood Pressure of 119.46 ± 5.01mm of Hg (M±SD). However, this reduction in Systolic Blood Pressure is statistically not significant. (P value > 0.05). The reduction in Diastolic Blood Pressure is however statistically not significant. (P value > 0.05).

Conclusion: Thus, it is concluded that Ramadan type of intermittent fasting has beneficial effect on the human body in terms of betterment in physiological systems and significant reduction in Body Weight, Body Mass Index, Waist-Circumference, Waist to Hip Ratio, Pulse Rate.
Variations of the ulnar nerve and it’s clinical implications
Authors: Munjamkar Prashant
Published: January 2021

The ulnar nerve (UN) is a branch of the roots of the C8 and T1 nerves and arises from the brachial plexus medial cord. The formation, course, and distribution of this nerve is subject to a variety of variations. The present research was therefore conducted to describe the anatomical variation of the ulnar nerve and its possible clinical consequences.

The research was performed on 40 dissected upper limb specimens (20 right and 20 left) from the Department of Anatomy, Shri Shankaracharya Institute of Medical Sciences, Bhilai, of both sexes of the Indian population. Every aberrant formation and/or contact in relation to the ulnar nerve has been carefully examined.

Four out of 40 upper limbs had variations linked to the ulnar nerve, with an occurrence of 10%. Among these four limbs, variance in ulnar nerve development was noted in three limbs, while irregular contact with the neighbouring nerve was found in one limb.

The ordinary sensory-motor activity could be affected by an unusual UN relationship with its neighboring nerves and its irregular formation. Knowledge of the UN's anatomical variations is therefore important for clinicians to consider the nature of ulnar nerve neuropathy-related complications.
Situs inversus totalis: Anatomic study and radioanatomic aspects about one case
Authors: Ma Nyemb Philippe Manyacka , Nsia Régine Emma , Ndiaye Aïnina , Gaye Magaye , Ndiaye Abdoulaye
Published: January 2021

The term "Situs inversus" is a diminutive for "Situs inversus viscerum" which means in Latin: inverted position of the internal organs. It was first described in 1643 and has an incidence of approximately 1 / 10,000 births. A mirror image of the original anatomical configuration represents the situs inversus totalis. Several authors described anomalies in the rotation and fixation of viscera during their development. These developmental anomalies are not necessarily the cause of functional problems. The clinical and surgical implications can be significant, as several authors reported a situs inversus totalis over the most conventional surgical procedures. The technical difficulties represent the main challenge. Because even though many patients are known to have situs inversus totalis, surgeons need an adaptation time to get used to the mirror image of viscera. Iatrogenic injuries and an increase in operative time are not uncommon.

We report a case of situs inversus totalis in a 68-years-old patient, accidentally discovered during investigations for an adenocarcinoma of the prostate. We remind in detail the anatomical presentation and morphological aspects found in our patient. Several hypotheses have been mentioned to explain the pathogenesis of situs inversus. Even if the anatomical inversion of many organs has been genetically studied, it appears a predominance for the viscera whose positional abnormalities are the most obvious (heart, liver, stomach). For other naturally "symmetrical" organs the inverted position is much less obvious, if not controversial, as is the case with the brain.

The term "situs inversus totalis" is used to describe the transposition of all organs of the body to the opposite side, its incidence is relatively low. Situs inversus totalis is a rare pathological condition, but with important clinical and surgical implications. Even if its discovery is most often fortuitous, hospital practitioners (especially surgeons and radiologists) must take this possibility into account, especially for patients awaiting surgery.
Investigations of Exterior Wind Flow and Aerodynamic Coefficient around Y-Plan Shape Tall Building
Authors: R Vigneshwaran , S Prabavathy
Published: January 2021

In recent years, the construction of skyscrapers is emerging in many countries and the study on the behaviour of wind around the building receives an additional interest among structural engineers and architects. Mostly, tall skyscrapers are planned in the shape of ‘Y’ in order to have a maximum exterior view and to support the central core of the structure. In the current scenario, it is important to study the actual wind load for irregular plan shape building. This paper presents the numerical wind flow simulation around ‘Y’ plan shape tall building using ANSYS Fluent software and validation is done using wind tunnel testing. The building model and wind velocity are scaled to the ratio 1:300 and 1:5 respectively. A wind velocity of 10 m/s is applied both for wind tunnel testing and for the numerical simulation. Error analysis is carried out in order to check the accuracy of the results obtained between wind tunnel and CFD. From the test results the mean Cp is investigated for various faces of the building for the wind angle 0˚, 45˚ and 90˚ from both using CFD and wind tunnel. The investigation of drag and lift coefficient is made on Y-plan shape building and it is observed that the maximum drag occurs at 45˚ wind angle, because of the less projected area when compared with the other wind angles 0˚ and 90˚ respectively. Further, this paper continues with the physics of wind flow behaviour around Y-plan shape building and flow character such as vortex formation, streamlines and identification of wake region for different wind angles.
The High Temperature Performance Evaluation of Polymer/Nanocomposite Modified Asphalt Cement
Authors: ALAS Mustafa , ALBRKA Ali , GÖKÇEKUŞ Hüseyin
Published: January 2021

The current study focuses on the effect of Acrylate-styrene-acrylonitrile (ASA)/Nanosilica (Si) modified binders on the complex modulus (G*) and rutting resistance parameters (G*/ sinδ) of Asphalt Cement (AC). Four different blends including the base binder and the polymer nanocomposites which were formed by blending 5% ASA to base binder with the addition of nanosilica at 3, 5 and 7% by the weight were the subject of investigations. Conventional and Dynamic Shear Rheometer (DSR) testing procedures were conducted as well as morphology analysis using Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FT-IR). The rheological characteristics of AC were analysed by master curves, isochronal plots and rutting resistance parameter plots. Test results revealed that G* and G*/ sinδ of all modified samples were significantly enhanced compared to the base binder. Multiple Stress Creep Recovery Test (MSCRT) conducted at 100 Pa and 3200 Pa showed that, non-recoverable compliance was reduced and elastic recovery of modified binders were improved. Optimum concentration was found to be 5% ASA/Si composite, as further addition of polymer nanocomposite resulted in lower enhancement in the rheological properties of modified AC due to the occurrence of agglomeration between the composite and the base binder.
Emergency funding public policy for disaster response in Brazil from 2013 to 2017
Authors: Marchezini Victor , Ferreira Adriano Mota , Teixeira de Lima Glauston Roberto , Gonçalves Demerval Aparecido
Published: January 2021

As políticas públicas de auxílio financeiro para ações de resposta a desastres são um tema pouco estudado. Neste artigo analisaram-se informações extraídas das bases de dados dos decretos de Situação de Emergência e Estado de Calamidade Pública e dos custos de socorro e resposta a desastres no Brasil, no período 2013-2017, a partir de suas distribuições espaço-temporal. Os custos de socorro e resposta a desastres são também utilizados em uma análise cruzada com indicadores municipais, como o Índice de Desenvolvimento Humano (IDHM) e o Produto Interno Bruto (PIB) per capita. Identificou-se que os gastos excederam R$ 800 milhões. As defesas civis estaduais responderam pela maior parte dos recursos utilizados (76,4%). Em um universo de 564 municípios que utilizaram o auxílio financeiro via Cartão de Pagamento de Defesa Civil, constatou-se a concentração de 40% dos recursos em 30 defesas civis municipais, algumas das quais em municípios com alto IDHM e PIB per capita.
Linking migration, climate and social protection in Brazilian semiarid: case studies of Submédio São Francisco and Seridó Potiguar
Authors: Almeida Ana Claudia , Barbieri Alisson , Rodrigues Saulo
Published: January 2021

Over the known history of Brazilian sertões migration has been recorded as a human response to drought episodes. Social protection policies beginning around 2003 had dramatically diminished poverty rates and, within this context, migration changed compared to other periods, becoming more heterogeneous and diffuse. The article aims to explore the link between drought, migration and social protection in the Brazilian semiarid region based upon the analysis and conceptual discussion about two case studies: Submédio São Francisco and Seridó Potiguar. In contrast with the past, actual migration holds an indirect relation to climate. Public policy softened the impacts of the climate over livelihoods and changed the coping strategies. In this sense, mobility outside the semi-arid was not a strategy to survive. Yet, the role of the state in the preceding decades and the region’s historical path – inseparable from its climate – drew persistent migration flows that still reverberate in present dynamics.
Environmental impacts and infrastructure in Agrarian Reform settlements in Minas Gerais, Brazil
Authors: Durante Luciane Cleonice , Rossetto Onélia Carmem , Nora Giseli Dalla , Venere Paulo Cesar , Rabelo Olivan da Silva , Teixeira Raoni Florentino da Silva
Published: January 2021

The existence of adequate infrastructure aims to meet the basic human needs, contributing to local development, poverty reduction and social inequalities. The aim of this article is to analyze the potential environmental impacts arising from infrastructure conditions in agrarian reform settlements in the State of Minas Gerais - Brazil. The methodology is based on the Leopold Matrix, which considers the environmental components: water pollution, soil degradation, land use and quality of life, in a sample of 1,270 lots. The variables analyzed were: water supply; sanitation; disposal of wastewater, dry waste, pesticide packaging and veterinary medicinal products; distribution of electricity and paving of public roads. The results indicate that the impacts are of greater negative potential in the Northern Mesoregion of Minas Gerais (70%), followed by Triângulo Mineiro/Alto Paranaíba (60%), proving the hypothesis that the incipience in infrastructure conditions results in a greater negative environmental impact.
Projections of Brazilian biomes resilience and socio-environmental risks to climate change
Authors: Pinho Patrícia F. , Anjos Luciano J. S. , Rodrigues-Filho Saulo , Santos Diogo V. , Toledo Peter M.
Published: January 2021

Climate change has been considered, at a global level, as one of the main anthropogenic drivers of environmental transformation, especially on biomes, ecosystems and the most vulnerable population. In this regard, the concept of resilience has been widely used in ecology to explain the ecosystem transition thresholds by which forests and other habitats are able to restructure in the face of various external disturbances. However, the concept of resilience in facing climate change impacts and risks through the lens of socio-environmental risks in Brazil is still underdeveloped, especially at the biome level. This article uses the theory of critical transitions to ecological niche distribution modeling in future global warming scenarios by the end of the century, in order to highlight the change in ecological resilience of the Amazon, Caatinga, Cerrado, Atlantic Forest and Pampa biomes, and how the changes in resilience can lead to an increased exposure, vulnerabilities and risks to socio-environmental security. This article shows how an interdisciplinary approach bringing together modeling of biome resilience may be a tool to support decision making and public policies on mitigation and adaptation to climate change and reduce risks to socio-environmental security.
Future rainfall and temperature changes in Brazil under global warming levels of 1.5ºC, 2ºC and 4ºC
Authors: Santos Diego Jatobá dos , Pedra George Ulguim , Silva Marcelo Guatura Barbosa da , Guimarães Júnior Carlos Augusto , Alves Lincoln Muniz , Sampaio Gilvan , Marengo José Antônio
Published: January 2021

The present study analyzes the impacts of global warming of 1.5ºC, 2ºC, and 4ºC above pre-industrial levels in the Brazilian territory. Climate change projected among the different global warming levels has been analyzed for rainfall, temperature and extreme climate indices. The projections are derived from the global climate model HadGEM3-A, from the High-End cLimate Impacts and eXtremes (HELIX) international project, from the United Kingdom, forced by sea surface temperature and sea ice concentration of a subset of six CMIP5 (Coupled Model Intercomparison Project phase 5) global climate models and considering the RCP 8.5 (Representative Concentration Pathways) emissions scenario throughout the 21st century. Projections indicate robust differences in regional climate characteristics. These differences include changes: in the minimum and maximum air temperature close to the surface to all the country’s regions, in extremes of heat, particularly in northern Brazil, in the occurrence of heavy rainfall (Southern and Southeastern regions), and in the probability of droughts and rain deficits in some regions (Northern and Northeastern Brazil).
Impacts of heat stress conditions on mortality from respiratory and cardiovascular diseases in Brazil
Authors: Oliveira Beatriz Fátima Alves de , Jacobson Ludmilla da Silva Viana , Perez Letícia Palazzi , Silveira Ismael Henrique da , Junger Washington Leite , Hacon Sandra de Souza
Published: January 2021

This study assesses the risk of exposure to heat stress conditions and their potential impact on mortality from cardiovascular and respiratory diseases in Brazilian capital cities for warming levels of 1.5 °C, 2.0 °C and 4.0 °C in the RCP8.5 scenario. The risk of exposure and the impact of heat stress conditions on mortality were measured by the Wet Bulb Globe Temperature (WBGT) index. The impact on health was estimated by applying exposure-response curves between WBGT and health outcomes in the projections. The potential impact on mortality was measured by attributable fraction of mortality due to heat stress. The results showed an increase in heat stress conditions for Brazil, especially in the Northern and Center-Western regions. The estimated curves showed an association between the WBGT and mortality by cardiovascular and respiratory diseases in Brazil, with an upward impact trend, according to the levels of warming and heterogeneous results among the capitals.
SINTOMAS DE ANSIEDADE EM MÃES DE RECÉM-NASCIDOS PREMATUROS INTERNADOS EM UNIDADE DE TERAPIA INTENSIVA NEONATAL
Authors: Oliveira Ryanne Agnes Souza Silva de , Goulart Bethania Ferreira , Bracarense Carolina Feliciana , Ruiz Mariana Torreglosa , Parreira Bibiane Dias Miranda
Published: January 2021

Objetivo: identificar os sintomas de ansiedade-estado e ansiedade-traço, em mães de recém-nascidos internados em Unidade de Terapia Intensiva Neonatal e verificar a influência de variáveis sociodemográficas, econômicas e comportamentais sobre esses sintomas. Métodos: Estudo observacional e transversal. Participaram 50 mães, entre os meses de outubro/2017 a outubro/2018. Foi utilizado o Inventário de Ansiedade Traço-Estado. O escore foi avaliado pelas suas médias e medianas. Resultados: Na escala de ansiedade-estado o escore médio foi 50,1 pontos e mediana de 51,0 pontos. Algumas variáveis não apresentaram associação, porém, a variável idade apresentou. Na ansiedade-traço, o escore médio foi de 44,9 pontos e mediana de 44,5 pontos. As mesmas variáveis não apresentaram associação com maior escore. Conclusão: As participantes apresentaram escores para os sintomas de ansiedade e a idade materna esteve associada ao maior escore da ansiedade-estado. É fundamental a identificação precoce desses sintomas visando o bem-estar da mãe e de todo contexto familiar. Descritores: Saúde Mental; Ansiedade; Saúde da Mulher; Enfermagem.
PERCEPÇÕES DAS PESSOAS QUE VIVEM COM HIV/AIDS SOBRE O CUIDADO OFERECIDO NA ATENÇÃO BÁSICA
Authors: Pimentel Fernanda Esmério , Alonso Claudiomiro Da Silva , Farah Beatriz Francisco , Silva Girlene Alves da
Published: January 2021

Objetivo: conhecer a percepção de pessoas que vivem com HIV/Aids sobre o cuidado oferecido a elas na atenção básica. Método: estudo descritivo e exploratório de abordagem qualitativa, desenvolvido no Serviço de Atenção Especializada em HIV/Aids, de um município da zona da mata mineira, com 16 participantes. Utilizou-se entrevista semiestruturada, com gravação de áudios que foram analisados pelos pressupostos da análise de conteúdo de Laurence Bardin. Resultados e Discussões: emergiram três categorias: centralização do cuidado em HIV/Aids no SAE; medo de ruptura do sigilo do diagnóstico; Atenção Básica na cena do cuidado para as pessoas que vivem com HIV/Aids. Os participantes acessam a atenção básica em busca de cuidados não específicos ao HIV/Aids, não reconhecendo suas potencialidades no diagnóstico e acompanhamento. Conclusões: oferecer informações sobre a rede de atenção à saúde e suas potencialidades é uma ação que contribui para fortalecer a AB como coordenadora da rede de cuidado em saúde.
Surface assimilation and corrosion inhibition characteristic of water soluble Polyvinyl Alcohol on mild steel surface in 0.5M HCl solution
Authors: DWİVEDİ Abhishek , BHARTİ Prem , SHUKLA Sudhish
Published: January 2021

Polymers lead to become emerging materials as corrosion inhibitors for mild steel in acidic media due to its larger surface area. This paper focuses on the characteristic of water solvent Polyvinyl Alcohol (PVA) at interface of Mild Steel under 0.5 M HCl, examined using electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, Tafel polarization and weight reduction techniques. These entire outcomes of the study of characteristic of inhibitor behaved as in well connection and the restraint proficiency, which shows up to 93.7% in 0.5 M hydrochloric acid for 3hrs term. An advanced form of high spatial resolution imaging of surface of mild steel at different stages was found by using scanning electron microscopy.
Being European: "Hamlet" on the Israeli Stage
Authors: Barzilai Reut
Published: January 2021

One of the most prolific fields of Shakespeare studies in the past two decades has been the exploration of local appropriations of Shakespeare’s plays around the world. This article, however, foregrounds a peculiar case of an avoidance of local appropriation. For almost 60 years, repertory Israeli theaters mostly refused to let Hamlet reflect the “age and body of the time”. They repeatedly invited Europeans to direct Hamlet in Israel and offered local audiences locally-irrelevant productions of the play. They did so even though local productions of canonical plays in Israel tend to be more financially successful than those directed by non-Israelis, and even when local national and political circumstances bore a striking resemblance to the plot of the play. Conversely, when one Israeli production of Hamlet (originating in an experimental theatre) did try to hold a mirror up to Israeli society—and was indeed understood abroad as doing so—Israeli audiences and theatre critics failed to recognize their reflection in this mirror. The article explores the various functions that Hamlet has served for the Israeli theatre: a rite of passage, an educational tool, an indication of belonging to the European cultural tradition, a means of boosting the prestige of Israeli theatres, and—only finally—a mirror reflecting Israel’s “age and body.” The article also shows how, precisely because Hamlet was not allowed to reflect local concerns, the play mirrors instead the evolution of the Israeli theatre, its conflicted relation to the Western theatrical tradition, and its growing self-confidence.
The Shifting Appreciation of "Hamlet" in Its Japanese Novelizations: Hideo Kobayashi’s "Ophelia’s Will" and Its Revisions
Authors: Nakatani Mori
Published: January 2021

Hideo Kobayashi, who is today known as one of the most prominent literary critics of the Showa era in Japan, published Ophelia’s Will in 1931 when he was still an aspiring novelist. This novella was an adaptation of Shakespeare’s Hamlet, composed as a letter written by Ophelia to Hamlet before her enigmatic death in the original play. While the novel has previously been considered as a psychological novel that sought to illustrate the inner life of the Shakespearean heroine, this paper examines the process by which Kobayashi rediscovered Hamlet as a drama that foregrounds the impenetrability of the characters’ inwardness and highlighted in Ophelia’s Will his diversion from the psychological rendition of Ophelia. In so doing, the paper analyses the revisions Kobayashi continued to make to the novel even until the post-war era, especially when it was republished in 1933 and 1949. Though these revisions have rarely been discussed by the researchers, they demonstrate the essential changes made to the novel, mainly to its literary style, which corroborates Kobayashi’s shifting interest and his developing interpretation of Shakespeare’s works and Hamlet.
Arboreal Tradition and Subversion: An Ecocritical Reading of Shakespeare’s Portrayal of Trees, Woods and Forests
Authors: Cossio Andoni , Simonson Martin
Published: January 2021

This paper analyses from an ecocritical standpoint the role of trees, woods and forests and their symbolism in William Shakespeare’s Hamlet, Macbeth, The Merchant of Venice, The Merry Wives of Windsor, A Midsummer Night’s Dream, Richard II and The Tempest. The analysis begins with an outline of the representation of trees on stage to continue with a ‘close reading’ of the mentioned plays, clearly distinguishing individual trees from woods and forests. Individual types of trees may represent death, sadness, sorcery and premonitions, or serve as meeting places, while forests and woods are frequently portrayed as settings which create an atmosphere of confusion, false appearances, danger and magic. This reflects a long-standing historical connection between trees and forests and the supernatural in literature and culture. However, while individual trees largely reflect traditional symbology, conventional interpretations are often subverted in Shakespeare’s treatment of forests and woods. From all this we may infer that Shakespeare was not only familiar with the traditions associated to individual tree species and forests in general, but also that he made conscious and active use of these in order to enhance the meaning of an action, reinforce character traits, further the plot and create a specific atmosphere. More subtly, the collective arboreal environments can also be interpreted as spaces in which superstitions and older societal models are questioned in favour of a more rational and reasonable understanding of the world.
To "Hamlet" or Not to "Hamlet: Notes on an Arts Secondary School Students’ "Hamlet"
Authors: Ciobanu Estella , Trifan Enache Dana
Published: January 2021

This article discusses a 2018 theatrical production of Hamlet with Romanian teenage arts students, directed by one of the article’s authors, actress and academic Dana Trifan Enache. As an artist, she believes that the art of theatre spectacle depends pre-eminently on the actors’ enactment, and hones her students’ acting skills and technique accordingly. The other voice in the article comes from an academic in a cognate discipline within the broad field of arts and humanities. As a feminist and medievalist, the latter has investigated the political underside of representations of the body in religious drama, amongst others. The analytic duo reflects as much the authors’ different professional formation and academic interests as their asymmetrical positioning vis-à-vis the show as respectively the play’s director and one of its spectators. Their shared occupational investment, teaching to form and hone highly specialized professional skills, and shared object of professional interest (broadly conceived), text interpretation, account nevertheless for the possibility of fruitful interdisciplinary reflection on the 2018 Hamlet. This in-depth analysis of the circumstances of the performance and technical solutions it sought challenges stereotyped dismissals of a students’ Hamlet as superannuated, flimsy or gratuitously provocative. Furthermore, a gender-aware examination of the adaptation’s original handling of characters and scenes indicates unexpected cross-cultural and diachronic commonalities between the dramatic world of the 2018 Romanian production of Hamlet and socio-cultural developments emergent in pre-Shakespearean England.
Zum Schwerpunkt
Authors: Joachimsthaler Jürgen , Mikołajczyk Beata
Published: January 2021

Was lässt sich sagen über die Entwicklungen des Faches auf dem Weg zur „Germanistik morgen“? Die Ausschreibung des diesjährigen Schwerpunktthemas weckte zunächst viel Zustimmung, ohne dann jedoch entsprechende Ergebnisse zu zeitigen.

Zahlreiche zunächst zugesagte Artikel wurden – begleitet von oft sehr ausführlichen Begründungen – zurückgezogen. Die Diskussionen mit den potenziellen Autoren und Autorinnen ergeben ein erstaunlich dichtes Gesamtbild der Germanistik nicht nur in Polen – und einer Situation, in der zwar Äußerungsbedarf von vielen Seiten proklamiert wird, sich dann aber doch lieber (fast) niemand äußert. An die Stelle versprochener Texte muss deshalb der Blick auf die Gründe für ihre Verweigerung treten.
Die Germanistik in Litauen – eine Germanistik im Umbruch. Eine Bestandsaufnahme unter besonderer Berücksichtigung der Auswirkungen der litauischen Studienreform 2009
Authors: Johanning-Radžienėame Antje
Published: January 2021

Die nachfolgende Bestandsaufnahme setzt sich zum Ziel, einen Überblick über die derzeitige Situation der Germanistik in Litauen zu geben. Da diese vor allem von der 2009 durchgeführten Studienreform geprägt ist, wird zunächst ein kursorischer Überblick über diese und die sich derzeit abzeichnenden Auswirkungen auf die litauische Hochschullandschaft gegeben. Auf dieser Basis wird die desolate Lage der Germanistik in Litauen dargestellt wie auch Ursachen aufgezeigt, warum derzeit noch nicht einmal 300 Studierende litauenweit Germanistik studieren. Dabei wird das Hauptaugenmerk auf die germanistischen Studienangebote gerichtet, weniger auf aktuelle Forschungen. Abschließend werden mögliche Auswege aufgezeigt, die sich insgesamt weniger als Patentrezepte denn als Anregungen zur Reflexion verstehen.
Deutsch als Brückensprache beim Erlernen der niederländischen Aussprache durch polnische Muttersprachler – Beispielfall prädorsale gerundete Vokale
Authors: Czerwonka Zuzanna
Published: January 2021

Der Beitrag untersucht die Anwendungsmöglichkeiten des Deutschen als Brückensprache beim Erwerb des Niederländischen (als L3). Als Beispiel dienen die prädorsalen gerundeten Vokale. Zielgruppe sind polnische Muttersprachler, die Niederländisch im Erwachsenenalter lernen. Der Schwerpunkt liegt auf der Erörterung der theoretischen Probleme (unterschiedliche Methoden des Sprachvergleichs und der Vergleich von prädorsalen gerundeten Vokalen im Polnischen, Deutschen und Niederländischen nach den Prinzipien der polykonfrontativen Methode). Verwiesen wird jedoch auch auf die Anwendungsmöglichkeiten der Untersuchungsergebnisse im Fremdsprachenunterricht.
Literarische Bildung in der Krise
Authors: Turkowska Ewa
Published: January 2021

Der Artikel setzt sich mit den Problemen der literarischen Bildung im Germanistikstudium auseinander, die sich aus der krisenhaften Situation an den Hochschulen ergeben, und mit möglichen Lösungswegen. Zu Beginn werden die Ziele der literarischen Bildung und die Ursachen der didaktischen Probleme besprochen. Im Hauptteil des Artikels werden Maßnahmen vorgeschlagen, die den erwähnten Schwierigkeiten entgegenwirken können. Am Beispiel der Arbeit mit Hyperfiktionen und Blogs wird am Ende aufgezeigt, wie ein moderner Literaturunterricht heutzutage gestaltet werden kann.
Informationen und Berichte
Authors: Księżyk Felicja , Heinke Johannes , Hałub Marek , Naganowska Maria , Vöing Nerea , Bednarska-Kociołek Joanna
Published: January 2021

„Zweisprachigkeit als Herausforderung und Chance“. VII. Internationale Konferenz des Germanistischen Instituts Opole in Kamień Śląski/Groß Stein, 18.-20.9.2011

Internationale Tagung „Wortsemantik im Spannungsfeld zwischen Säkularisierung und (Re)Sakralisierung der öffentlichen Diskurse – Deutsch, Polnisch, Slowakisch, Tschechisch“. Berlin, 4.-7.10.2011

„200 Jahre Breslauer Germanistik“. Internationaler Jubiläumskongress. Wrocław, 17.11.-19.11.2011

„Neue Stimmen aus Österreich. Prosa, Lyrik und Drama seit den 1990er Jahren“. Poznań, 22.-23.3.2012

„Omnia vincit labor? Narrative der Arbeit und Arbeitskulturen in medialer Reflexion“. Internationale Tagung. Leipzig, 30.5-1.6.2012

„Günter Grass. Werk und Rezeption“. Internationale Sommerwerkstatt. Gdańsk, 27.6.-1.7.2012
Red hind Epinephelus guttatus Vocal Repertoire Characterization, Behavior and Temporal Patterns
Authors: Zayas Santiago Carlos M. , Appeldoorn Richard S. , Schärerer-Umpierre Michelle T. , Cruz-Motta Juan J.
Published: January 2021

Passive acoustic monitoring provides a method for studying grouper courtship associated sounds (CAS). For Red Hind (Epinephelus guttatus), this approach has documented spatio—temporal patterns in their spawning aggregations. This study described vocalizations produced by E. guttatus and their respective behavioral contexts in field and laboratory studies. Five sound types were identified, which included 4 calls recorded in captivity and one sound recorded in the wild, labeled as Chorus. Additionally, the Grunt call type recorded was presumed to be produced by a female. Call types consisted of variations and combinations of low frequency (50—450 Hz) pulses, grunts and tonal sounds in different combinations. Common call types exhibited diel and lunar oscillations during the spawning season, with both field and captive recordings peaking daily at 1800 AST and at 8 days after the full moon.
Interdisciplinary Design Teams for Biomedical Engineering Design
Authors:   Carnegie Mellon University, Zapanta Conrad , Chung Wayne , Dickert Joanna
Published: January 2021

In the Biomedical Engineering (BME) Design course sequence at Carnegie Mellon University, BME students from the College of Engineering and product design students from the College of Fine Arts are introduced to the development of useful biomedical products in a one-year, research-based experience.
Three-Dimensional Printing: Collaborative Nurse-Led Research
Authors: Lioce Lori , Budisalich Kimberly , Showalter Darlene A.
Published: January 2021

Though three-dimensional (3D) printing is often touted as cutting-edge technology, it actually made its appearance in the 1980s. Since then, this technology has made significant progress from its humble origins of layering polymers to create simple structures to the more sophisticated printing with elements such as metals used to create complex structures for aircraft. This technology has advanced and been finely tuned largely in thanks to the engineering profession. The variance within the printers, software, and printing material allows for broad application beyond engineering and manufacturing. Healthcare and academic applications are beginning to get traction. The National Institutes of Health has established a platform for sharing 3D ideas to support biotechnology and modeling for healthcare. It makes sense that nursing programs would, minimally, utilize 3D printers to enrich their institutional simulation laboratory and to manufacture specialty materials for training students in a cost-efficient manner. Opportunities to collaborate with other academic departments and community partners in the development and production of timely and effective solutions to pressing healthcare needs enriches student learning, nursing programs, and their graduates. Faculty buy-in and purposeful integration throughout the curriculum are vital variables associated with the successful implementation of 3D printing in a nursing program. Additional benefits include opportunities for publications, presentation of papers, and interprofessional collaboration.
Hospital-Based Simulation
Authors: Wang J. Cedar , Podlinski Lori
Published: January 2021

This chapter discusses the current state of hospital-based simulation, including the unprecedented events of 2020's global COVID-19 pandemic. Hospital-based simulation training requires a new approach. The realities of social distancing and the operational demands of hospital staffing ratios warrant creative adaptations of traditional simulation training methods. Hospitals used simulation to improve patient outcomes by training healthcare staff and students through telesimulation, and tested systems and equipment using in situ simulation (ISS). Latent safety threats (LSTs) were identified and corrected to improve patient outcomes. Hospital-based simulation has been incorporated into newly licensed registered nurses (NLRNs) residency programs to prepare them for competent practice. Simulations are also used for preparing staff for low-incidence, high-risk medical emergencies or disasters, such as active shooter events. Hospital-based simulation training adds value to healthcare systems, but requires more evidence of its quantitative and qualitative impacts.