bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Impact of Alkaloid-Producing Epichloë Endophyte on Forage Ryegrass Breeding: A New Zealand Perspective
Authors: Eady Colin
Published: February 2021

For 30 years, forage ryegrass breeding has known that the germplasm may contain a maternally inherited symbiotic Epichloë endophyte. These endophytes produce a suite of secondary alkaloid compounds, dependent upon strain. Many produce ergot and other alkaloids, which are associated with both insect deterrence and livestock health issues. The levels of alkaloids and other endophyte characteristics are influenced by strain, host germplasm, and environmental conditions. Some strains in the right host germplasm can confer an advantage over biotic and abiotic stressors, thus acting as a maternally inherited desirable ‘trait’. Through seed production, these mutualistic endophytes do not transmit into 100% of the crop seed and are less vigorous than the grass seed itself. This causes stability and longevity issues for seed production and storage should the ‘trait’ be desired in the germplasm. This makes understanding the precise nature of the relationship vitally important to the plant breeder. These Epichloë endophytes cannot be ‘bred’ in the conventional sense, as they are asexual. Instead, the breeder may modulate endophyte characteristics through selection of host germplasm, a sort of breeding by proxy. This article explores, from a forage seed company perspective, the issues that endophyte characteristics and breeding them by proxy have on ryegrass breeding, and outlines the methods used to assess the ‘trait’, and the application of these through the breeding, production, and deployment processes. Finally, this article investigates opportunities for enhancing the utilisation of alkaloid-producing endophytes within pastures, with a focus on balancing alkaloid levels to further enhance pest deterrence and improving livestock outcomes.
Recovery of Recombinant Avian Paramyxovirus Type-3 Strain Wisconsin by Reverse Genetics and Its Evaluation as a Vaccine Vector for Chickens
Authors: Elbehairy Mohamed A. , Khattar Sunil K. , Samal Siba K.
Published: February 2021

A reverse genetic system for avian paramyxovirus type-3 (APMV-3) strain Wisconsin was created and the infectious virus was recovered from a plasmid-based viral antigenomic cDNA. Green fluorescent protein (GFP) gene was cloned into the recombinant APMV-3 genome as a foreign gene. Stable expression of GFP by the recovered virus was confirmed for at least 10 consecutive passages. APMV-3 strain Wisconsin was evaluated against APMV-3 strain Netherlands and APMV-1 strain LaSota as a vaccine vector. The three viral vectors expressing GFP as a foreign protein were compared for level of GFP expression level, growth rate in chicken embryo fibroblast (DF-1) cells, and tissue distribution and immunogenicity in specific pathogen-free (SPF) day-old chickens. APMV-3 strain Netherlands showed highest growth rate and GFP expression level among the three APMV vectors in vitro. APMV-3 strain Wisconsin and APMV-1 strain LaSota vectors were mainly confined to the trachea after vaccination of day-old SPF chickens without any observable pathogenicity, whereas APMV-3 strain Netherlands showed wide tissue distribution in different body organs (brain, lungs, trachea, and spleen) with mild observable pathogenicity. In terms of immunogenicity, both APMV-3 strain-vaccinated groups showed HI titers two to three fold higher than that induced by APMV-1 strain LaSota vaccinated group. This study offers a novel paramyxovirus vector (APMV-3 strain Wisconsin) which can be used safely for vaccination of young chickens as an alternative for APMV-1 strain LaSota vector.
The Embryotoxic Effects of in Ovo Administered Sunset Yellow FCF in Chick Embryos
Authors: Colakoglu Fatma , Selcuk Muhammet Lutfi
Published: February 2021

Sunset yellow (SY) at prescribed concentrations has been approved by regulatory authorities in several countries as an additive dye in the food, beverage, cosmetic, and pharmaceutical industries. However, there are some reports that it may cause several health problems. The aim of this study is to evaluate embryotoxic effects of SY on liver and kidney in chick embryos. Babcock white Leghorn eggs were randomly divided into four groups. Non-treated eggs served as control group. The eggs in groups SY200, SY1000, and SY2000 were treated with a single injection of 200, 1000, and 2000 ng SY into the air sac just before incubation. The developmental stages of embryos were determined on the 10th, 13th, 16th, and 21st days of incubation. Samples of the liver and kidney were taken and routine histological procedures were performed. The highest relative embryo weight was seen in all SY treated groups on the 16th day of incubation. Necrosis of some hepatocytes and cytoplasmic degenerations were observed in all SY groups in the liver. There were degenerated or destructed renal cortex structures and necrosis in the kidney. The cell’s nuclear areas and diameters of renal cortex structures were different in all SY groups compared to the control group (p < 0.05). It was concluded that in ovo administered SY has many unfavorable effects on liver and kidney in chick embryos. The results obtained in this study suggest that it may be advisable to re-assess safety levels of SY in many industries.
Seasonal Response of Daphnia pulex to Cyanobacterial Extracts at Different Temperatures in Valle de Bravo Reservoir (Mexico)
Authors: Nandini S. , Sánchez-Zamora Carlos , Sarma S. S. S.
Published: February 2021

Valle de Bravo reservoir supplies drinking water to 40% of Mexico City. Here we present data on the population growth and life-table demography of the cladoceran Daphnia pulex, cultured at temperatures of 20 °C and 25 °C and with different concentrations of the crude extracts from blooms of Microcystis aeruginosa, collected in January, and Woronichinia naegeliana, collected in September. We hypothesized that Daphnia pulex would be more sensitive at the higher temperature and to toxins from W. naegeliana as these blooms have been shown to be more toxic to rotifers. We extracted the toxins and conducted acute toxicity tests at eight concentrations of microcystins at 20 °C. The LC50 was 26.8 µg/L and 11.5 µg/L, respectively, for Microcystis and Woronichinia samples. The chronic toxicity tests included population growth and life-table demography studies at 5 and 10% of the LC50 concentration, at 20 °C and 25 °C. Four replicates for each of the three treatments, which consisted of treatments with low and high cyanotoxin levels and a control without cyanotoxins, were set up. The population growth rate ranged from 0.18 to 0.42 d−1 on the extracts from M. aeruginosa (January) and from 0.2 to 0.31 on extracts from W. naegeliana. Daphnia, being better adapted to cooler temperatures, was more adversely affected at 25 °C than 20 °C. The adverse effect of cyanobacterial extracts was greater from Microcystis than Woronichinia blooms. The tolerance of Daphnia pulex to cyanotoxins depends on the bloom-forming species and the temperature.
Building the Treaty #3 Nibi Declaration Using an Anishinaabe Methodology of Ceremony, Language and Engagement
Authors: Craft Aimée , King Lucas
Published: February 2021

Ratified in 2019, the Nibi Declaration of Treaty #3 voices the relationship with water (Nibi) and jurisdictional responsibility that all Anishinaabe citizens have within the Treaty #3 territory. It affirms the responsibilities and relationships that others living within the territory should have with the water and ensures that the spirit of Nibi is central to decision-making and water governance. This article details the process of developing The Declaration, in accordance with the Treaty #3 lawmaking process and, which was driven by women, in ceremony, with the help of Gitiizii m-inaanik, and with the input of The Nation as a whole. This process embodies nationhood, sovereignty, and Anishinaabe jurisdiction as it relates to the environment and water, in accordance with the Manito Aki Inakonigaawin (Mother Earth law). Every person has a relationship with water. The process of nurturing that relationship through the teachings exemplified in the implementation of The Declaration will provide clarity on the responsibilities and partnerships that must be developed to protect the water for future generations.
Hydrogeochemical Characteristics and Processes of Shallow Groundwater in the Yellow River Delta, China
Authors: Zhi Chuanshun , Cao Wengeng , Zhang Zhuo , Li Zeyan , Ren Yu
Published: February 2021

The Yellow River Delta is one of the biggest river deltas in China, and the shallow groundwater plays an important role in the development of the local agriculture and ecosystem. However, people are still unclear about the hydrochemical characteristics and mechanisms of the shallow groundwater. In this study, the authors collected and analyzed 81 groundwater samples from the delta plain and piedmont alluvial plain, and explored the hydrochemical features and causes through Piper diagrams, correlation analysis, ionic ratios, and speciation calculations. The results showed that anions were dominated by Cl and HCO3, the concentration of which was much more than that of SO4 and CO3. The groundwater can be divided into various types, including Na–Cl, Ca–Mg–HCO3, Na–HCO3 and Ca–Mg–Cl. This study tested an alternative method–ionic ratios based on the cumulative frequency distribution to characterizing the hydrochemical groups. According to different ion ratios and hydrogeological conditions, three hydrogeochemical zones with different dominant factors have been determined: Weathering—Fresh Water Zone (Zone I), Evaporation—Saline Water Zone (Zone II), and Seawater Mixing Zone (Zone III). As the calculated saturation index show, the calcite and dolomite are saturated, while the halite and gypsum from Zone I to Zone III tend to be saturated. In addition, cation exchange is an important hydrochemical process in the area, and Zone III experiences inverse ironic exchange. In conclusion, this hydrogeochemical zonation would be favorable for water resource management in the Yellow River Delta.
Epidemiologia da sífilis congênita no Brasil: Uma revisão sistemática
Authors: Andrade Elisabeth , Valvassori Pedro Miguel Diniz , Mingote André Coutinho Alves , Guedes Ana Lúcia de Lima , Nogueira Mário Círio
Published: February 2021

Introdução: A sífilis congênita (SC) ocorre através da disseminação hematogênica, do Treponema pallidum, da gestante infectada não tratada ou inadequadamente tratada para o concepto via transplacentária. Houve um progressivo aumento na sua taxa de incidência no Brasil nos últimos 10 anos, relacionado a diversos fatores.

Objetivo: Investigar a distribuição espacial e temporal da incidência e da mortalidade por SC no Brasil e seus fatores associados.

Material e métodos: Foi feita uma revisão sistemática da literatura,cujo protocolo está registrado na base PROSPERO (International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews) com o número CRD42018083448. Foram pesquisadas as bases MEDLINE, LILACS, WEB OF SCIENCE e SCOPUS, com estratégias de busca que incluíram os termos sífilis congênita, epidemiologia, Brasil, alguns sinônimos e termos correlatos, em

português e em inglês, no período de 2007 a 2017. O processo de seleção dos artigos e extração de seus dados foi feito por dois pesquisadores independentes.

Resultados: De um total de 58 referências finais analisadas, observou-se em estudos realizados em todas as regiões demográficas do país que a incidência de SC tem crescido. Trinta e seis destes analisaram fatores de risco para a patologia destacando-se assistência pré natal inadequada, baixa escolaridade materna, raça negra, baixo nível socioeconômico, parceiro não tratado e idade materna. Os dados sobre as taxas de incidência e mortalidade de SC no Brasil foram heterogêneos em função da seleção dos trabalhos. Observamos taxas de incidência mais elevadas nos trabalhos entre 2006 a 2015 e nas regiões Centro Oeste, Sudeste e Sul. A menor taxa de incidência foi observada em estados do Nordeste, porém, nessa região foi relatada a maior taxa de mortalidade.

Conclusão:Através deste estudo foi possível mapear, na literatura brasileira, alguns dos principais fatores de risco do processo saúde doença da SC nos últimos anos. Ao desdobrarmos essas variáveis, demonstramos direta correlação com condições sociais, econômicas e educacionais das gestantes e ainda, na qualidade do atendimento pré-natal. Há relatos na literatura sobre aumento da incidência de SC no Brasil, porém há poucos dados sobre a mortalidade da SC no país.
Opportunities To Improve Diabetes Care in the Hemodialysis Unit: A Cohort Study in Ontario, Canada
Authors: Clemens Kristin K. , Ouédraogo Alexandra M. , Garg Amit X. , Silver Samuel A. , Nash Danielle M.
Published: February 2021

Key Points

Little is known about diabetes care gaps and predictors in patients using in-center hemodialysis.

In Ontario, almost half of patients with diabetes on hemodialysis have diabetes care gaps; most commonly, gaps in retinopathy screening.

Significant predictors of care gaps include younger age, female sex, shorter duration of diabetes, dementia, and fewer physician visits.

Background

Patients with diabetes receiving chronic, in-center hemodialysis face healthcare challenges. We examined the prevalence of gaps in their diabetes care, explored regional differences, and determined predictors of care gaps.

Methods

We conducted a population-based, retrospective study between January 1, 2016 and January 1, 2018 in Ontario, Canada. We included adults with prevalent diabetes mellitus receiving in-center hemodialysis as of January 1, 2018 and examined the proportion with (1) insufficient or excessive glycemic monitoring, (2) suboptimal screening for diabetes-related complications (retinopathy and cardiovascular screening), (3) hospital encounters for hypo- or hyperglycemia, and (4) hospital encounters for hypertension in the 2 years prior (January 1, 2016 to January 1, 2018). We then identified patient, provider, and health-system factors associated with more than one care gap and used multivariable logistic regression to determine predictors. Further, we used geographic information systems to explore spatial variation in gaps.

Results

There were 4173 patients with diabetes receiving in-center hemodialysis; the mean age was 67 years, 39% were women, and the majority were of lower socioeconomic status. Approximately 42% of patients had more than one diabetes care gap, the most common being suboptimal retinopathy screening (53%). Significant predictors of more than one gap included younger age, female sex, shorter duration of diabetes, dementia, fewer specialist visits, and not seeing a physician for diabetes. There was evidence of spatial variation in care gaps across our region.

Conclusions

There are opportunities to improve diabetes care in patients receiving in-center hemodialysis, particularly screening for retinopathy. Focused efforts to bring diabetes support to high-risk individuals might improve their care and outcomes.
Design and Material Analysis of a Suspension System in Scooter by using Finite Element Analysis Method
Authors: K Sathishkumar , G Dinesh
Published: February 2021

The principle part for a vehicle suspension is the compression spring system, which is fabricated for arresting shock impulse. Suspension system work on the principle of fluid transformation between compression and expansion cycle. Mostly the suspension system is used in motorcycles for providing better handling, prompt braking, safety, and comfort by keeping the passengers isolated from road noise, bumps, and vibration. The shock absorbers duty is to absorb or dissipate energy. In a vehicle, it reduces the effect of traveling over rough ground, leading to improved ride quality, and increase in comfort due to the substantially reduced amplitude of disturbances. In most of the cases, the spring which is used in the scooter suspension system is made up of beryllium copper, phosphor bronze and titanium, but in this research paper a scooter suspension system is designed and the designed suspension system is analyzed using ansys with different material properties. The composite material gives less deformation because of the high stiffness to load carrying capacity. So the Composite suspension system is recommended for two and three-wheeled vehicles.
On the impact of inequality on growth, human development, and governance
Authors: Ferreira Ines A. , Gisselquist Rachel M. , Tarp Finn
Published: February 2021

Countering recent rises in many countries of inequality in income and wealth is widely recognized as a major development challenge. This is so from an ethical perspective and because greater inequality is perceived to be detrimental to key development aims. Still, an informed debate on the effects of inequality requires clear evidence. This review contributes to the literature by taking stock and providing an overview of current knowledge of the impact of income inequality on three important outcomes: economic growth, health and education as two dimensions of human development, and governance, with a focus on democracy. Drawing on the insights from different disciplines and considering recent work, it reveals that existing evidence provides somewhat mixed results and argues for a need for further in-depth empirical work. It also points to explanations for the lack of consensus embedded in data quality and availability, measurement issues, and the shortcomings of the different methods employed. Finally, we point to promising future research avenues relying on experimental work for micro level analysis, more region- and country-specific studies, and reiterate the need for improvements in the availability and reliability of data.
Sexual Dimorphism of the Pronotum in Dorcadion micans J. Thomson, 1867 (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae) Using Geometric Morphometrics
Authors: OKUTANER Atılay Yağmur , DOĞAN SARIKAYA Aslı
Published: February 2021

Sexual dimorphism is one of the most notable sources of phenotypic variation in animals. The expression of sexual traits varies widely for many species of insects. In this study, we analyzed the sexual size and shape dimorphism of pronotum in Turkish endemic species, Dorcadion micans J. Thomson, 1867 (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae). Our results have showed that there is statistically significant sexual size and shape dimorphism in pronotum. Males have a longer and sharper pronotum shape with smaller pronotum size than females. Multivariate regression results indicated that size has negligible influence on the differentiation in pronotum shape between sexes.
Toma de decisiones y consideraciones éticas en el soporte ventilatorio en áreas críticas hospitalarias en el contexto de pandemia COVID-19
Authors: Amado-Tineo José Percy , Garaycochea Virginia , Portugal José , Gonzales Carolina , Cieza Liliana
Published: February 2021

Objetivo. Los recursos hospitalarios resultan insuficientes ante la demanda de pacientes graves con COVID-19. La adecuada gestión de recursos es esencial para brindar la mejor atención posible. Se revisaron criterios que ayuden a tomar decisiones adecuadas y oportunas, siguiendo principios éticos. La priorización del soporte ventilatorio invasivo debe hacerse de manera transparente y objetiva, evaluando integralmente al paciente y basado en criterios objetivos como escalas de pronóstico, ciclo de vida o compromiso clínico. El tratamiento sintomático (incluyendo cuidados paliativos) es indispensable en esta pandemia y la comunicación con el paciente o la familia permiten humanizar la atención del personal de salud.
Ventilación espontánea en decúbito prono en pacientes con infección por SARS Cov-2 sin ventilación mecánica invasiva
Authors: Uriol-Mantilla Claudia Lizeth , Vasquez-Tirado Gustavo Adolfo
Published: February 2021

Introducción. La infección por coronavirus tipo 2 del síndrome respiratorio agudo severo (SARS-CoV-2) causante de la enfermedad por coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19), ha transformado de manera significativa la forma de cómo se practica la medicina hospitalaria en estos últimos 4 meses. Actualmente, existe una gran cantidad de pacientes que ingresan por emergencia a los establecimientos de salud presentando insuficiencia respiratoria que rápidamente evoluciona al estado crítico de la enfermedad, requiriendo en algunos casos el ingreso a la unidad de cuidados intensivos (UCI) y el aporte de ventilación mecánica invasiva (VMI). Se ha llevado a cabo distintas estrategias y métodos para el manejo de pacientes con infección por SARS CoV 2, una de ellas y con mayor relevancia es la posición en decúbito prono (DP), utilizada para mejorar los niveles de oxigenación en pacientes con síndrome de dificultad respiratoria aguda (SDRA). La posición en DP mejora los niveles de oxigenación, disminuyendo el gradiente gravitacional de la presión pleural, mejorando la perfusión y ventilación del parénquima pulmonar, aumentando la capacidad residual funcional y optimizando la relación ventilación/perfusión (V/Q) de los pulmones lesionados. Diversos estudios demuestran el gran beneficio de la posición en DP en pacientes con infección por SARS CoV 2; por lo que actualmente está siendo utilizada como un tratamiento no invasivo para prevenir el deterioro de la función ventilatoria con posterior intubación e ingreso a UCI.
Dímero D como factor pronóstico de gravedad en pacientes COVID-19
Authors: Castillo-Huerta Cristel , Castillo-Velásquez Yiyo , Chávez-Cerna Alicia , Cubas-Iparraguirre Anibal , Vergara-de la Rosa Esteban
Published: February 2021

Carta al editor (sin resumen)
New strategies for atopic dermatitis treatment
Authors: Sanz Motilva Virginia
Published: February 2021

Atopic Dermatitis (AD) is an inflammatory and chronic disease with a growing prevalence worldwide, high in the child population (20-25%) and lower, but also important, in the adult population (1-3%).

The disease in its moderate and severe forms emerges with a strong systemic inflammatory load, which on multiple occasions associates comorbidities at the level of other organs and systems different to the skin, and has a strong impact on the quality of life of patients, affecting to all spheres of an individual's life.

Nowadays, the etiopathogenesis is not known, but it is postulated that there is a genetic basis, a dysfunction at the level of the epidermal barrier, an alteration of the microbiota, with a greatly increased presence of Staphylococcus aureus, and finally, a dysregulation of the immune system, specifically, an over-activation of the type 2 immune response.

Fortunately, most patients present mild forms of the disease that are controlled with emollients and topical treatments, but around 10% of them present severe forms and require systemic treatments.

Until recently, treatment for moderate or severe forms comprised only phototherapy and classical immunosuppressive systemic therapy (oral corticosteroids and corticosteroid-sparing agents, such as oral Cyclosporine). Today there are approved new molecules such as the monoclonal antibody against the interleukin 4 and 13 receptor, Dupilumab, and the JAK 1 and 2 inhibitor, Baricitinib, among others. However, there are many other drugs in development that are presenting good efficacy and safety data in clinical trials. Therfore, a promising therapeutic future for patients with atopic dermatitis is coming.
ASSESSMENT OF PUBLIC HEALTH INSTITUTIONS FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT
Authors:   University of Management “TISBI” (Naberezhnye Chelny branch), Zinurova G.K.
Published: February 2021

The actual problem of optimizing financial management in state budgetary healthcare institutions is considered. In the framework of the state policy, it is necessary to clearly define the limit of social guarantees provided at the expense of budgets, and to create new mechanisms for social protection of citizens. The implementation of this task largely depends on the condition and stability of the state and municipal finances, which are the main source of healthcare funding. The Federation entities and municipalities are independent in determining the list of target programs due to different priorities of socio-economic development, differences in the structure of state authorities and local governments. When forming the procedure for the development, implementation and evaluation of the effectiveness of targeted programs, the Federation entities and municipalities must find a balance between approaches of the federal government level, the specifics of the territory and the features of the existing system of state (municipal) managing its socio-economic development. The authorities of various levels are forced to limit the growth of budget expenditures against the backdrop of an unfavorable economic situation. The most important condition for the development of the budget system of the Russian Federation in such a situation is to increase the efficiency of the use of budget funds. Health expenditures account for about a quarter of territorial budget expenditures. Therefore, one of the most important issues of financing state medical budgetary institutions is financing from the funds received from the provision of paid services through active cooperation with insurance companies. The analysis of the structure of financial flows revealed trends and deviations from the planned values. The effect from cooperation of medical institutions with insurance companies is analyzed. Cooperation is based on the variation of two main variable factors - the discount and the expected increase in demand for services, which allows us to determine the effectiveness of project implementation both for individual groups of services and for the entire commercial activity of the hospital as a whole.
ACCOUNTING STATEMENTS AT THE PRESENT STAGE: PROBLEMS AND SOLUTIONS, CHANGES IN 2020
Authors:   Don State Technical University, Zaporozhtseva E.N.
Published: February 2021

The purpose of the study is to study the main problems of financial (accounting) reporting in 2020 and to determine the solution approaches. The article discusses the key changes related to the accounting (financial) statements in 2020, the main problems and ways to solve them; it provides data on calculating indicators of the accounting report. The most acute problems are the changes in reporting forms and tax legislation in general, as well as falsification of information. Great difficulties will be caused by the changes in legislation, including: the use of telecommunication channels, the change of reporting forms, the transition to electronic employment record books (reporting will be submitted for the first time, and, therefore, veiling is possible); the change in calculating the report on financial results; clarification by the Ministry of Finance on the name and composition of indicators that reveal the amount of income tax. The scientific novelty of the work is reflected in overcoming the falsification of information by increasing the level of inventory, reducing the power of influence on the accounting employee, the owner or the company manager, and by a low level of costs. The proposed transfer of these procedures to the outsourcing, which should be carried out by accounting outsourcing companies. Participation in webinars conducted by tax inspections should be made mandatory, to eliminate errors in filling out declarations. The main goal will be to forestall possible questions from the accountants or to answer them online, which will help reducing errors. Registration should be made in the inspection in which the organization is registered.
EXPERIENCE IN IMPROVING ECONOMIC SECURITY OF JAPAN IN THE PERIOD 1950-1970 BASED ON CREATING A NEW EFFECTIVE ECONOMIC MODEL
Authors:   National Research Institute of Russian Federal Ministry of the Interior, Kobets P.N.
Published: February 2021

The author chose as a subject of the research and analysis the causes and conditions that led to constructing a new Japanese economic model, which provided the annual growth in the country’s economy in the 1950-1970s. The goal was to find out what progressive movements in the economic sphere allowed the country to ensure high economic security of the state through the revival of the economic sector and to receive the status of the second world economy after the United States at the end of the last century. The study showed that in order to strengthen the economic security of the country, in accordance with the first “Five-Year Plan of Economic Independence” published in 1955, the Japanese government was primarily engaged in the reconstruction of existing production facilities, and only then began to create new ones. In addition, the state was engaged in the active acquisition of patents, technologies, and original inventions. Against the background of favorable external conditions, the economic growth that provided the highest labor productivity in the country, which in Japan was significantly higher than the global average rate, did not stop. The country quickly joined the world scientific and technological race and began to produce some of the most attractive and high-quality goods on the international market. As a result of the formed economic policy, Japan was able to enter the world market of goods and services, having a wide variety of products - from electrical goods to highly equipped cars and ships. The author’s vision of improving the economic security of Japan in the 1950-1970s based on the construction of a new effective economic model is a novelty. The practical significance of the study consists in the possibility of using Japanese experience for improving the economic security of the Russian Federation.
Motivasi Minat Belajar Putra Putri Warga Kelurahan Jagakarsa
Authors: Widyastuti Sri , Retno Bayu , Permata Irma
Published: February 2021

Motivation is important in shaping how much students ask to learn. Motivation also affects how many students will learn from a learning activity, or how much absorption of students in capturing the information presented to students. Improving student learning motivation is one of the integral activities that must exist in learning activities. In addition to providing and transferring knowledge, the teacher also has the duty to increase children's motivation in learning. We cannot deny that students' motivation to learn from one another is very different, for this reason it is important for the teacher to always provide motivation to students so that students always have the spirit of learning and be able to become students who excel and can develop themselves optimally.
Kampung Aksi Membangun Pelaku UMKM dalam Pembentukan Koperasi dan Pirt di Desa Macanputih
Authors: Pratama Dian , Ruhiyyih Khanum Wulan
Published: February 2021

Macanputih is a village located in Kabat Subdistrict, Banyuwangi Regency, where most of its citizens work in the agricultural sector. This village is a village built by the Accounting Study Program of Airlangga University from October 2018. The problem that occurred in this village is the lack of public awareness in cultivating local potential in the village. After the first volume of community service was carried out, the other problems that arose were MSMEs and Farmers' Groups who had limitations in enlarging capital and licensing PIRTs on their products, even though the products were already well known and competitive. Seeing this problem, the Accounting Study Program of Airlangga University held a Accounting Village program, which is a sustainable community service to develop the potential possessed by Macanputih village, activities carried out in stages, ranging from training to the utilization of local potential, to economic development. Through this activity, it is expected that residents in Macanputih Village can work together with related parties in developing their villages. Another expected output is the formation of cooperatives to help with capital problems faced.
Pelatihan Desain Grafis untuk Meningkatkan Kreatifitas dan Menambah Daya Saing Masyarakat Kecamatan Pasar Minggu Jakarta Selatan
Authors: Raafi'udin Ridwan , Hananto Bayu , Dewi Catur Nugrahaeni Puspita
Published: February 2021

The availability of information and communication technology (ICT) has made it a lot of convenience in everything. An example is the existence of online trading transactions, for we can market these products online both through marketplaces and social media, we must-have products that are slightly different from the others. One way is to design your own product packaging that we will sell, and for example it can be started by making a product logo. This is the basis of community service activities, and this activity utilizes the creative side of partners so that they can create a design that will be packaged in the next stage in the form of merchandise. In this design training phase, partner participants were given the understanding to use vector-based graphic design applications, from creating product logos to digital advertising posters
Penerapan Literasi Keuangan Dalam Memahami Financial Technology
Authors: Kusumawardhany Susi Sih , Yunita Kurnia Shanti  , Khoirunnisa Azzahra  , Baiq Fitri Arianti  , Anggun Putri Romadhina
Published: February 2021

Financial Technology (Fin Tech) is a form of technology-based financial service that is developing in the world. The purpose of Financial Technology is to facilitate the transaction process between buyers and sellers and to reduce gaps or fraud in the transaction process. However, the gap of financial knowledge, especially digital financial technology, is wide and deep. Therefore the importance of financial knowledge (financial literacy) to the community is a necessity to be carried out synergistically by stakeholders including regulators, relevant ministries / government bodies, industry associations and fintech actors, financial service institutions and others. In addition to fintech products such as digital wallets that are well known to the public, an important element in the management of knowledge is to explain aspects of transparency regarding business processes and risks of fintech. Based on this phenomenon, the community service team of the University of Pamulang S1 Accounting Study Program has conducted online counseling via the zoom application for RT 03 Residents of Villa Mellia Housing, Gunung Sindur District, Bogor Regency as a concern for the importance of understanding the use of fintech in daily life in the era globalization with digital wallets with the importance of applying good financial literacy.
Faktor–faktor yang mempengaruhi konsumen dalam menggunakan dan berhutang dengan kartu kredit di Jabodetabek
Authors:   Fakultas Ekonomi dan Bisnis, Universitas Trisakti, Ardelia Nesia , Margaretha Leon Farah ,   Fakultas Ekonomi dan Bisnis, Universitas Trisakti
Published: February 2021

Purpose: This study discussed the factors that influence the use and debt of credit cardholders in Jakarta and surrounding areas (Jakarta, Bogor, Depok, Tangerang, Bekasi) Research methodology: The dependent variable used in this study is the use of credit cards and debts on credit cards. This study's independent variables were demographic factors, credit card feature factors, and attitude towards money factors. The sample of this study was 333 respondents using the purposive sampling technique. The data analysis model used is Ordinary Least Square (OLS). Results: The results showed that there were influences from demographic factors (age, income, family size), features on credit cards (credit limits), and attitudes towards money (the main payment method with credit cards, card tenure) on the use of credit cards; also, demographic factors (gender, type of work, level of education, income) and attitude towards money (minimum payment) on credit card debt. Therefore the factors that banks need to consider to increase their income, and the government for control of public expenditure, also the public to pay more attention to spending on their credit cards so that there is no accumulation of debt that cannot be paid. Limitations: This study has several limitations of specifically only examines the people who are in Jakarta and their surroundings (Jabodetabek) and examines demographic factors, features on credit cards, and attitudes. Contribution: This study will examine demographic factors, features on cards, and attitudes towards money by uniting variables per category into a unified category. The indicators in this study are adjusted to the community in Indonesia. Keywords: Attitude towards money, Credit cards, Credit card features, Demographics
Pengaruh Total Quality Management, teknologi dan budaya organisasi terhadap kinerja manajerial
Authors:   Fakultas Ekonomi, Universitas Malahayati Bandar Lampung, Alansori Apip , Listyaningsih Erna ,   Fakultas Ekonomi, Universitas Malahayati Bandar Lampung, Yuliansyah Yuliansyah ,   Fakultas Ekonomi dan Bisnis, Universitas Lampung, Lukman Iing ,   Fakultas Ekonomi, Universitas Malahayati Bandar Lampung, Sariningsih Eka ,   Fakultas Ekonomi, Universitas Malahayati Bandar Lampung
Published: February 2021

Purpose: To find out how much influence the managerial performance has in managing MSMEs and how capable it is in implementing Total Quality Management, technology and organizational culture in increasing MSMEs income. Research methodology: This research is a qualitative research with a case study approach. The data survey method used was research using probability sampling, Partial Least Square (PLS), Average Variance Extracted (AVE, Coefficient of Determination and Path Coefficient Test and Banana Chips MSME on Street Pagar Alam Bandar Lampung. Results: Total Quality Management, technology, and organizational culture simultaneously have a significant influence on managerial performance. Limitations: Time and number of research samples. Contribution: In the MSMEs environment, the natural fence road in Bandar Lampung and local government related to MSMEs Keywords: Total Quality Management, Technology, Organizational culture, Managerial performance, MSMEs
Investigation Misbehavior Configuration Nodes with Secure Neighborhood on Energy Consumption for DYMO Routing Protocol in MANETS
Authors:   Research Scholar, Department of CS & SE, Andhra University, Visakhapatnam, India., Nanaji*, Uppe , Setty Dr. S.Pallam ,   Research Guide, Department of CS & SE, Andhra University, Visakhapatnam, India.
Published: February 2021

We calculate misbehavior of energy consumption during configuration nodes between neighborhood nodes with specific investigation on secure environment with DYMP routing Protocol. An experimental analysis of DYMO, M-DYMO (misbehavior DYMO), S-DYMO (Secure-DYMO) has been carried out using Qual Net 5.1 simulator. The simulation results have been derived using self-created network scenarios by incorporating secure neighborhood in de-facto DYMO by varying the network size as small, medium and large, Node Traversal Time, ART, Buffer Size. From the experiment results, it has been concluded that energy consumption increases as security is incorporated in the existing routing protocol. From the results, the variance of total energy consumed in all modes of energy (transmit, receive and idle) for nodes in DYMO,M-DYMO and S-DYMO under Random waypoint Mobility Model is maximum for larger network size which is 3.380037 mj , 3.363414 mj and 3.612123 mj. For random waypoint mobility model the variance of total energy consumed in all modes of energy is maximum at 0.2320866668 at 115 nodes. In this research paper, an effort has been made to investigate the impact of secure neighborhood on energy consumption and QoS metrics of Dynamic MANETs On-Demand (routing protocol) (DYMO) in MANETS.
Wind Load Analysis on A Multi Storeyed Building Curved in Plan
Authors:   Civil Engineering, Sastra Deemed University, Thanjavur, India., Sai K Bala Venkata , Kumar M Pavan ,   Civil Engineering, Sastra Deemed University, Thanjavur, India., Veena N Madhu ,   Civil Engineering, Sastra Deemed University, Thanjavur, India., Muthu D ,   Civil Engineering, Sastra Deemed University, Thanjavur, India., Nandhini G. ,   Civil Engineering, Parisutham Institute of Technology and Science, Thanjavur, India.
Published: February 2021

In this study a tall G+8 storied curved in plan (comprising an external and internal curved facade) has been analysed for wind acting in specified directions using STAAD pro v8i.For the curved profile, the wind load component has been calculated for each radial beam line. The combination of static load and wind load are taken into consideration. In the first case, the wind has been assumed to act towards the centre of the arc of the circle and in the second, away from the centre. The post processing reverberation in terms of bending moments, shear forces and support reactions has been studied in relation to the wind directions. Due to the effect of wind load on the structure, the storey-sage variation of the result with respect to different parameters are to be compared. The stiffness of the structure as a whole is expected to vary with the changed direction of the wind. The result would result in a parametric study of the effect of wind direction on curved profile. The orientation of the curved structure with respect to the direction of wind load has been studied.
Adaptive Hyperparameter for Face Recognition
Authors:   Faculty of Multimedia, The Posts and Telecommunications Institute of Technologies, Hanoi, Vietnam., NGUYEN Thanh-Tam , LE Son-Thai ,   Department of Multimedia Communications, The School of Information and Communication Technology, Thai Nguyen University, Thai Nguyen, Vietnam., LE Van-Thuy ,   the School of Foreign Languages  Thai Nguyen University, Thai Nguyen, Vietnam.
Published: February 2021

One of the widely used prominent biometric techniques for identity authentication is Face Recognition. It plays an essential role in many areas, such as daily life, public security, finance, the military, and the smart school. The facial recognition task is identifying or verifying the identity of a person base on their face. The first step is face detection, which detects and locates human faces in images and videos. The face match process then finds an identity of the detected face. In recent years there have been many face recognition systems improving the performance based on deep learning models. Deep learning learns representations of the face based on multiple processing layers with multiple levels of feature extraction. This approach has made sufficient improvement in face recognition since 2014, launched by the breakthroughs of Deep Face and Deep ID. However, finding a way to choose the best hyperparameters remains an open question. In this paper, we introduce a method for adaptive hyperparameters selection to improve recognition accuracy. The proposed method achieves improvements on three datasets.
Pakistan’s Commitment to Human Rights: A Probe into the Question of Ratification of the Rome Statute of International Criminal Court
Authors: Khan Mazhar Ali
Published: February 2021

The question of ratification of the Rome Statute of International Criminal Court is one of the most debated questions in public international law. Because it involves strict commitment to human rights many states often see it as a hurdle to their national interests. Nevertheless a number of states have ratified the statute except a few. Pakistan is one of those states that have not ratified the Rome Statute even though it has been a party to various other treaties on human rights. This article focuses on the question why Pakistan did not ratify the statute? The article also provides recommendations how the ratification can be made possible.
What are Future Pain Physicians Learning? A
Survey of Opioid Prescribing Practices Among US
Pain Fellowship Programs
Authors: Iannaccone Ferdinand
Published: February 2021

Background: Pain physicians have long been seen as subspecialists that commonly prescribe
opioid medications, but the reality exists that primary care, oncologists, and surgical subspecialists
find themselves embroiled in these clinical decisions just as frequently. It is a reasonable hope that
pain physicians emerge as leaders in navigating these muddy waters, and the most important time
to engrave practice standards is during clinical training.
Objectives: It was our hope to survey Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education
(ACGME) pain fellowship programs throughout the United States in regard to practice behaviors
for opioid prescribing in chronic noncancer pain (CNCP), and to assess what future pain physicians
are learning during their training.
Study Design: We developed a succinct, 8-question survey that attempted to gauge several
aspects of opioid prescribing practices for CNCP. A survey was prepared in electronic format and
e-mailed to each program director or chair of every ACGME accredited pain program in the United
States.
Methods: Our results were anonymously collected and percentage of response to each question
was presented in bar graph format. The survey was prepared and initially sent out in November
2017 and intermittently redistributed through April 2018.
Results: Of the 117 surveys sent through Survey Monkey, 42 responses were returned and
collected, 39 fully completed surveys, and 3 partial completions, an estimate of roughly one-third
of US ACGME pain fellowship programs.
Limitations: Completion of our survey was voluntary, roughly 35% of ACGME programs
submitted a response.
Conclusions: Data displayed in collected responses illustrate that although there is variance in
opioid prescribing practices for CNCP, many programs are limiting what they use opioids for and
have substantial nonopioid pharmacologic and or interventional aspects to their practice. Future
pain physicians throughout the country are learning diverse methods of pain management, with
opioids being only a part of their toolbox.
Key words: Opioids, ACGME, pain management fellowship, guidelines, teaching
Serious Adverse Events Associated with
Readmission Through One Year After Vertebral
Augmentation with Either a Polyetheretherketone
Implant or Balloon Kyphoplasty
Authors: Beall Douglas P.
Published: February 2021

Background: The KAST (Kiva Safety and Efficacy) investigation device exempt (IDE) study indicated
that the majority of patients responded equally well to vertebral augmentation using either an implantbased approach or balloon kyphoplasty (BK). Additional investigation has suggested that a subset of
patients may benefit further by avoiding repeated readmissions due to serious adverse events (SAEs) if
they receive one vertebral augmentation approach over another.
Objectives: The primary aim was to assess the effect of 2 different augmentation procedures on
readmission rates for SAEs.
Study Design: The KAST trial is a pivotal, multicenter, randomized, controlled trial conducted to
evaluate an implant-based vertebral augmentation approach (implant) against BK. Post-hoc analysis was
performed to evaluate SAEs and readmission rates.
Setting: Twenty-one sites in North America and Europe.
Methods: The treatment effect of vertebral implant versus BK on SAEs requiring unplanned readmission
was evaluated by estimating the risk of SAEs associated with readmissions in KAST while controlling for
key baseline covariates using multivariate Poisson regression modeling.
Results: Forty (27.8%) patients with implants had 69 SAEs associated with readmission compared to
44 (31.2%) patients with BK having 103 events. The risk for all SAEs leading to readmission was 34.4%
lower with the implant than for BK (95% confidence interval = 11.1%, 51.7%; P < 0.01). Multivariate
analysis showed that the risk of SAEs associated with readmission was decreased in subjects treated
with the implant compared to BK, and increased in patients with prior histories of vertebral compression
fractures (VCFs) or significant osteoporosis.
Limitations: The power of the KIVA study was based on clinical efficacy criteria to meet FDA
requirements and recommendations for equivalency or noninferiority. The primary endpoint in this posthoc analysis is SAEs associated with readmissions; as a result, the sample size is underpowered, although
the results remain significant.
Conclusion: The augmentation approaches compared here have similar pain relief and quality of life
effects; the implant showed a lower risk of readmissions.