bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
PECULIARITIES OF APPLIED LINGUISTICS TRAINING AT THE UNIVERSITIES OF THE USA
Authors: SADOVETS OLESIA
Published: March 2023

The article is dedicated to the study of BA, MA and PhD programs in Applied Linguistics at the universities of the USA. Special attention has been paid to Georgetown University where professional training of future specialists in Applied Linguistics has its specific features and experience that can be studied and borrowed into educational systems of developing countries. Special feature of Applied Linguistics study at the university is the ability of students to complete an accelerated Master’s degree program, write a Senior Honor Thesis and participate in inter-disciplinary research in cognitive science, which allows students to combine the study of language with broader study of human mind.

The curriculum of Bachelor’s degree program has been analyzed and academic disciplines constituting it have been defined. Requirements to students’ knowledge, abilities and skills have been characterized. It is a notable fact that in American universities and in Georgetown in particular it is a privilege for students to write an Honors Thesis. Only a limited number of students in Applied Linguistics can be bestowed an honor to write it in their senior year of Bachelor’s study. The procedure of writing the Thesis and its presentation have been thoroughly described.

Accelerated Master’s degree program that allows students to complete Bachelor’s degree training and start Master’s degree training simultaneously has been analyzed.

Traditional Master’s degree program in Language and Communication – a two-year professional program that is based on Applied Sociolinguistics and provides training to students necessary to become professionals capable of using linguistic skills in business, government, non-profitable, technical and educational branches has been presented and its curriculum analyzed. Compulsory and elective academic disciplines have been characterized.

It has been defined that after obtaining Master’s degree, students can submit application for PhD degree program in one of the following branches: Applied Linguistics, Computational Linguistics, Sociolinguistics, Theoretical Linguistics, and General Linguistics.
ОСОБЛИВОСТІ ОРГАНІЗАЦІЇ ЕКСПЕРИМЕНТУВАННЯ ЯК ВИДУ ДІЯЛЬНОСТІ ДІТЕЙ ДОШКІЛЬНОГО ВІКУ: ЄВРОПЕЙСЬКИЙ ДОСВІД
Authors: КОЛОМІЄЦЬ АЛЛА
Published: March 2023

Стаття присвячена одній з актуальних проблем сучасної дошкільної освіти ‒ забезпечення цілісного розвитку дитини, її фізичних, інтелектуальних і творчих здібностей шляхом виховання, навчання, соціалізації та формування необхідних життєвих навичок. У статті аналізуються особливості впровадження експериментування як виду діяльності дітей у практику роботи закладів дошкільної освіти, що забезпечує оновлення дошкільної освіти на сучасному етапі та сприяє всебічному розвиткові особистості дитини. Визначено, що актуальною проблемою сучасної освіти є пошук ефективних шляхів виховання та розвитку креативної, ініціативної особистості, здатної до реалізації свого творчого потенціалу й дослідницької активності в різних видах діяльності. Розглянуто досвід організації експериментування як виду діяльності дітей у таких країнах Європейського Союзу, як Фінляндія, Польща, Німеччина. Автор розкриває значення, зміст, структуру проведення, методи й форми організації експериментування. Доведено, що спеціально організована дослідницька діяльність дозволяє дітям самим добувати інформацію про досліджувані об’єкти або явища, а педагогу зробити процес пізнання максимально ефективним, що задовольняє природну допитливість дошкільнят і розвиває їх пізнавальну активність. Здійснено аналіз поглядів науковців щодо експериментальної діяльності дошкільників. Описано переваги впровадження дитячого експериментування в закладах дошкільної освіти. Зазначено принципи, якими слід керуватися вихователям під час організації експериментування. Виокремлено вимоги під час організація експериментування як виду діяльності дітей. Проаналізований європейський досвід сприяє формуванню у дошкільників цілісної картини світу на основі встановлення тісних зв’язків між об’єктами та явищами навколишньої дійсності; кращому розумінню себе як індивідуальностей, своїх здібностей та можливостей; набуттю досвіду емоційно-ціннісного ставлення до світу.
PECULIARITIES OF PROFESSIONAL TRAINING IN APPLIED LINGUISTICS AT CANADIAN UNIVERSITIES (CARLETON UNIVERSITY)
Authors: PRYDOLOBA ANASTASIIA
Published: March 2023

The article describes the history of Applied Linguistics development. It is noted that the field of Applied Linguistics not only focuses on native, foreign and second language acquisition, but also examines how language interacts with other areas such as the media and legislation. The programs for training specialists in Applied Linguistics in the leading institutions of higher education in Canada are analyzed. In particular, attention is focused on Carleton University. Bachelor's and Master's programs in Applied Linguistics are studied. A special feature of Carleton University Bachelor’s degree program is that students have the opportunity to choose between a 4-year or 3-year program of study to obtain a degree. In addition, at Carleton University, you can combine a specialization in Applied Linguistics and Discourse Studies with an additional one in modern language studies: American Sign Language, German, Italian, Japanese, Chinese, and Spanish. A feature of Applied Linguistics programs for third- and fourth-year students is the option to choose an accelerated study program at Carleton University. Master’s degree program in Applied Linguistics, conditions and criteria for admission are described and analyzed. It is found out that there are three possible ways to complete the Master's program in Applied Linguistics and Discourse Studies: writing a thesis, a research essay or a coursework paper. It is noted that students are first registered for coursework, but at the end of the first year of the master's program they must submit a proposal for writing a research essay or thesis. It is determined that after completing a master’s level of education, a student has the opportunity to continue their studies by enrolling in Carleton University PhD program, which is unique in North America due to its innovative combination of Applied Linguistics and Discourse Studies.
ОСОБЛИВОСТІ КОМУНІКАТИВНОГО СПРЯМУВАННЯ ІНДИВІДУАЛЬНОГО СТИЛЮ ДІЯЛЬНОСТІ МАЙБУТНЬОГО ВИКЛАДАЧА СФЕРИ ОБСЛУГОВУВАННЯ: ЄВРОПЕЙСЬКИЙ ВИМІР
Authors: САФ’ЯН КАРИНА , ЦИСЬ ОЛЕГ , СЕРЬОГІНА ІРИНА
Published: March 2023

У статті розглянуто питання особливостей комунікативного спрямування  індивідуального стилю діяльності майбутнього викладача сфери обслуговування у європейському  вимірі. Встановлено, що глобалізаційні проблеми підготовки конкурентоспроможного персоналу набули міжнародного значення, а світова інтеграція України формує потребу в забезпеченні якості професійної підготовки, за якої фаховий рівень випускників відповідає потребам ринку праці. З’ясовано, що створення Європростору спричинило низку суперечностей між необхідністю впровадження ступеневої освіти та відсутністю достатнього досвіду організації навчання іншомовного спілкування у закладах вищої освіти; потребою соціально-економічної сфери у фахівцях з професійної педагогіки (сфера послуг) та незадовільним станом кадрового забезпечення підприємств регіону. Обґрунтовано, що однією з умов вирішення проблеми є комунікативне спрямування педагогічної діяльності як засобу ефективної підготовки майбутнього викладача сфери обслуговування. Проаналізовано проблеми підготовки майбутніх викладачів сфери обслуговування. З’ясовано, що комунікативна спрямованість професійного навчання студентів сфери обслуговування передбачає організацію активного спілкування іноземною мовою у квазіпрофесійних ситуаціях та у різних формах навчально-професійної співпраці (групових, колективних, індивідуальних, аудиторних, позааудиторних). Охарактеризовано комунікативні уміння, які формуються у результаті комунікативно спрямованого професійного навчання. 

З’ясовано, що професійно спрямована діяльність майбутнього фахівця  професійної освіти сфери обслуговування передбачає: наявність стійкої потреби в систематичному спілкуванні зі студентами в найрізноманітніших сферах готельно-ресторанного бізнесу; органічну взаємодію загальнолюдських та професійних показників комунікації; емоційне задоволення  на всіх етапах спілкування; наявність здібностей до здійснення педагогічної комунікації; наявність комунікативних навичок та вмінь.
Capítulo V: Entre víctimas y victimarios. Percepciones sociales de sobrevivientes del conflicto armado
Authors: Martínez Herrera Luis Adolfo , Muñoz Nicolás
Published: March 2023

En este escenario, clásicas dicotomías de las violencias en Colombia entran en tensión: amigo-enemigo, violencia política-violencia ordinaria, víctima-victimario, entre otras. Acerca de esta última tensión: víctima-victimario, se erige el centro del presente capítulo. ¿es posible problematizar dicha distinción con una noción mediadora como la de sobreviviente?; ¿genera ello nuevas victimizaciones o propicia debates para superar las tensiones de nuestro largo y cambiante conflicto armado?El presente capítulo reúne dos experiencias retratadas bajo la categoría de percepción en relación con dos excombatientes del conflicto armado y que hoy en día son gestores en la construcción de paz y nuevas ciudadanías. Acompañan estas lecturas una interpretación al conflicto armado en su periodo transicional, señalando cómo las lógicas que implican el escenario del posacuerdo también generan nuevas transformaciones en los actores que fueron protagonistas de nuestras violencias y que esperan superar los 60 años de un conflicto armado que aún persiste en los imaginarios, sensaciones y percepciones de la sociedad colombiana.
Capítulo XII: Narrativas, obsolescencias y hegemonías
Authors: Lozano Rivera Camilo
Published: March 2023

Este ensayo articula realizaciones teóricas sobre los conceptos de narrativa, obsolescencia y hegemonía, como recurso para ensamblar un análisis específico sobre la memoria colectiva. El objetivo es mostrar cómo el conjunto de estas articulaciones teóricas puede aportar los lineamientos generales dentro de un marco fértil para el estudio de narrativas situadas territorialmente, concernientes a asuntos de índole política y a los desafíos para la paz en sus diferentes contextos sociales y culturales. Aunque la revisión bibliográfica que nutre este ensayo no es ni mucho menos exhaustiva -debido a la amplitud del campo de surgimiento de cada uno de los conceptos en juego- se espera que promueva una curiosidad útil que oriente indagaciones bien localizadas.
Multiprofessionelle Kooperation an berufsbildenden Schulen zur Umsetzung individueller Förderung
Authors: Vollmer Simon
Published: March 2023

An berufsbildenden Schulen stehen komplexe inner- und außerschulische Unterstützungssysteme zur Verfügung, um die individuelle Förderung aller Lernenden umsetzen zu können. Lehrkräfte sollen hierfür mit unterschiedlichen Professionen (Schulsozialarbeit, -psychologie, kommunale & private Beratungsstellen) kooperieren. Es werden Idealmodelle multiprofessioneller Kooperation entwickelt, die empirisch überprüft werden sollen.
Üniversite Öğrencilerinin Manevi İyi Oluşlarının Açıklanmasında Psikolojik Esneklik ve Çeşitli Demografik Değişkenlerin Rolü
Authors: KARATAŞ Zeki , SELÇUK Ozan
Published: March 2023

Manevi iyi oluş; belirli bir dine, manevi uygulamaya veya ideolojiye değil; insanın anlam, amaç ve kendisinden daha büyük bir şeyle bağlantı kurma ihtiyacına atıfta bulunan bir kavramdır. Üniversite öğrencileri üzerinde yapılan çalışmalarda daha çok öğrencilerin psikolojik sağlamlıkları, yaşam doyumları, psikolojik esneklik ve iyi oluşları ile akademik başarıları incelenmektedir. Üniversite öğrencilerinin manevi iyi oluşları ile psikolojik esneklikleri arasındaki ilişkiyi inceleyen çok az çalışma bulunmaktadır. Dolayısıyla bu araştırmanın amacı; sosyal hizmet, ilahiyat, rehberlik ve psikolojik danışmanlık programlarında öğrenim gören üniversite öğrencilerinin manevi iyi oluşlarının açıklanmasında psikolojik esneklik ve çeşitli demografik değişkenlerin rolünün incelenmesidir. Araştırma nicel araştırma yöntemine dayalı olarak ilişkisel tarama modeli kullanılarak gerçekleştirilmiştir. Araştırmanın örneklemini bir devlet üniversitesinin sosyal hizmet, ilahiyat, rehberlik ve psikolojik danışmanlık lisans programlarında öğrenim gören ve tesadüfi olarak belirlenen 382 öğrenci oluşturmaktadır. Araştırmada veri toplama aracı olarak Manevi İyi Oluş Ölçeği, Psikolojik Esneklik Ölçeği ve Kişisel Bilgi Formu kullanılmıştır. Elde edilen veriler ANOVA testi, t-testi ve çoklu regresyon analizi kullanılarak incelenmiştir. Araştırmanın sonucunda; katılımcıların manevi iyi oluş düzeyleri ile psikolojik esneklik düzeyleri arasında düşük düzeyde, olumlu yönde ve anlamlı bir ilişkinin olduğu belirlenmiştir. Cinsiyet, sınıf düzeyi ve ailesinin ekonomik durumu farklı olan gruplar arasında manevi iyi oluş açısından anlamlı farklılık yokken; katılımcıların yaşı, bölümü, akademik ortalaması, ailenin yerleşim yeri, dini inancı uygulama sıklığı, din ve maneviyat durumu ve yaşamda önceliği gibi değişkenlerle manevi iyi oluş düzeyi arasında anlamlı farklılık bulunmuştur. Bu bulgular, manevi iyi oluşun bazı önemli belirleyicilerinin daha iyi anlaşılmasına katkıda bulunabilir. Araştırma bulguları, üniversite öğrencilerinin sağlıklı bir yaşam tarzı ve psikososyal gelişimlerini sürdürmelerinde manevi iyi oluşun önemli bir belirleyici olduğunu doğrulamaktadır.
Üniversitelerin Denetim Raporlarında Yer Alan Bulguların Analizi: Karadeniz Bölgesi Örneği
Authors: GENÇ Mustafa , YANIK Ahmet , ÖZEN Mihriban
Published: March 2023

Türkiye’de mali denetimler 2012 yılından itibaren Sayıştay tarafından yapılmakta ve denetim raporları kamuoyuyla paylaşılmaktadır. Buradaki temel amaç, kamu kaynaklarının kamu idareleri tarafından etkin kullanılıp kullanılmadığını tespit etmek ve denetim sonucu varılan denetim görüşleri ile elde edilen denetim bulgularını kamuoyu ile paylaşmaktır. Bu çalışmada, ülkemizdeki üniversitelerde Sayıştay tarafından yapılan denetimler sonucunda elde edilen denetim bulgularını ve bu bulgular ışığında varılan denetim görüşlerini analiz etmek amacıyla Karadeniz Bölgesinde yer alan 18 devlet üniversitesinin 2016-2020 yılları arasındaki denetim raporları içerik analizi yöntemi ile incelenmiştir. Çalışmanın sonucunda ilgili üniversitelerin denetim raporlarına genel olarak olumlu görüş ile açıklama paragraflı olumlu görüş verildiği, denetim bulgularına bakıldığında ise; temel olarak mali tabloların hazırlanması ve raporlanması hususunda eksikliklerle karşılaşıldığı tespit edilmiştir.
Abnormal placentation: modern views on etiology, pathogenesis and diagnosis
Authors:   Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow, Russian Federation, Dobrokhotova Yu.E. , Borovkova E.I. ,   Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow, Russian Federation, Kulikov I.A. ,   Vidnoe Perinatal Center, Vidnoe, Russian Federation, Belousova T.N. ,   Vidnoe Perinatal Center, Vidnoe, Russian Federation, Burdenko M.V. ,   Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow, Russian Federation, Davydova D.S. ,   Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow, Russian Federation, Manafova N.R. ,   Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow, Russian Federation
Published: March 2023

The increasing trend in surgical delivery (caesarean section) rates observed over the last several years results in a rise of abnormal placentation (AP) cases. In this context, timely diagnosis and correct routing of patients with abnormal placentation to level 3 specialized healthcare institutions will ensure the provision of quality medical care and thus to minimize maternal and infant mortality. The article presents modern views on the main risk factors and pathogenesis of AP, updated definitions of placenta adherenta, increta and percreta and the latest clinical and morphological classification. The authors highlight the advanced diagnostic criteria based on sonographic imaging, Doppler color flow mapping, an important method required for making diagnosis. They also specify cases where MRI techniques could be more informative than ultrasound methods and describe MRI findings that suggest abnormal placentation. Major strategies for providing effective healthcare are considered, including organ preserving surgical procedures, hemostasis (endovascular occlusion or embolization) and replacement of blood loss (reinfusion or hemotransfusion), etc. to reduce the prevalence of unfavorable obstetric and perinatal outcomes. KEYWORDS: placentation, uterine scar, caesarean section, placenta adherenta, placenta increta, placenta percreta, hemorrage. FOR CITATION: Dobrokhotova Yu.E., Borovkova E.I., Kulikov I.A. et al. Abnormal placentation: modern views on etiology, pathogenesis and diagnosis. Russian Journal of Woman and Child Health. 2023;6(1):20–25 (in Russ.). DOI: 10.32364/2618-8430-2023-6-1-20-25.
Acute, recurrent and repeat respiratory infections in children: the issues of immunoprophylaxis and immunotherapy
Authors:   Russian Medical Academy of Continuous Professional Education, Moscow Russian Federation, Zaplatnikov A.L. , Girina A.A. ,   Khanty-Mansiysk State Medical Academy, Khanty-Mansiysk, Russian Federation, Burtseva E.I. ,   D.I. Ivanovsky Institute of Virology, N.F. Gamaleya National Research Center of Epidemiology and Microbiology, Moscow, Russian Federation, Lepiseva I.V. ,   Children's Republican Hospital, Petrozavodsk, Russian Federation, Maykova I.D. ,   Z.A. Bashlyaeva Children's City Clinical Hospital, Moscow, Russian Federation, Svintsitskaya V.I. ,   Russian Medical Academy of Continuous Professional Education, Moscow Russian Federation, Leshik M.V. ,   Russian Medical Academy of Continuous Professional Education, Moscow Russian Federation, Koroid N.V. ,   Z.A. Bashlyaeva Children's City Clinical Hospital, Moscow, Russian Federation, Dubovets N.F. ,   Z.A. Bashlyaeva Children's City Clinical Hospital, Moscow, Russian Federation
Published: March 2023

The article is focused on the issues of immunoprophylaxis and immunotherapy of acute, recurrent and repeat respiratory infections in children. The authors underscore the high efficacy of active specific immunoprophylaxis against influenza virus, pneumococcal and Hib-infections. They emphasize that the use of combined immunoprophylaxis (vaccine + non-specific immunoprophylactic agents) is effective for achieving the maximal preventive effect, especially in children with recurrent and repeat respiratory infections. The article elucidates such issues as the mode of action and the efficacy of therapy and prevention, as well as the tolerability and safety of topical bacterial lysates in pediatric practice. It also reviews the pathogenetic rationale of using topical bacterial lysate IRS 19 in the prevention and treatment of acute, recurrent and repeat respiratory infections in children. The authors highlight the beneficial therapeutic effects of topical bacterial lysate Imudon on the clinical course of infectious and inflammatory oropharyngeal diseases and its preventive action. The authors outline the good tolerability of topical bacterial lysates used in pediatric practice. Taking into consideration that achievement of the most effective prevention of acute respiratory infections (ARI) in children with recurrent and repeat respiratory infections is possible via combination of immunizations, whereas topical bacterial lysates can be applied successfully as non-specific immunoprophylactic agents. KEYWORDS: vaccination, influenza, children, immunity, immunotherapy, immunoprophylaxis, acute respiratory infections, recurrent respiratory infections, repeat respiratory infections, topical bacterial lysates, trained immunity, frequently ill children. FOR CITATION: Zaplatnikov A.L., Girina A.A., Burtseva E.I. et al. Acute, recurrent and repeat respiratory infections in children: the issues of immunoprophylaxis and immunotherapy. Russian Journal of Woman and Child Health. 2023;6(1):50–59 (in Russ.). DOI: 10.32364/2618- 8430-2023-6-1-50-59.
Calcium deficiency in children: causes, effects, and opportunities for preventive interventions
Authors:   Kazan State Medical University, Kazan, Russian Federation, Samorodnova E.A.
Published: March 2023

Calcium deficiency is a commonly occurring condition in children of different age groups, primarily due to the inadequate calcium intake with food, high requirements for Ca to support rapid growth and bone accretion, and various genetic, congenital or acquired disorders of the body systems and organs, accompanied by the impaired mineral metabolism and the development of secondary calcipenia. The article summarizes data on the biological role and functions of calcium in children's body, elucidates the physiology of calcium metabolism, and highlights the major exogenous and endogenous causes of calcipenia development and the clinical symptoms of Ca deficiency at the early stages. In view of a high prevalence of the calcium deficiency worldwide, the authors review potential outcomes of this condition, depending on the children's age. The article discusses the opportunities for preventive measures with an emphasis on primary specific and nonspecific prevention of calcium deficiency to be achieved by making changes in diet and lifestyle and using vitamin and mineral complexes (VMC) and dietary supplements. Thus, it would be possible to meet the physiological needs for calcium in children and to manage the cases of developed calcium deficiency. KEYWORDS: children, calcium, vitamin D, calcium deficiency, calcipenia, bone tissue, prevention. FOR CITATION: Samorodnova E.A. Calcium deficiency in children: causes, effects, and opportunities for preventive interventions. Russian Journal of Woman and Child Health. 2023;6(1):60–67 (in Russ.). DOI: 10.32364/2618-8430-2023-6-1-60-67.
Finding the illuminance levels for walkers in a prominent public park in New Delhi during the post-twilight period for healthy visual comfort, security, and other related parameters.
Authors: Singh Raja
Published: March 2023

This paper measures the illuminance level during the post-twilight darkness on the walking path of a famous public park in New Delhi. The readings, 252 in number, were mapped on a map using Global Positioning System and were measured using a lux meter at regular intervals throughout the pathway. The required illuminance depends upon multiple factors, including visual comfort, safety, security, prevention of light pollution and energy-saving concerns. This paper has looked at the measured values and checked whether they fall within the limits of visual comfort derived from literature and security as taken from the Indian lighting standard. The readings show that about one-third of the points on the pathway have zero illuminance levels. Among the rest, 127 of the 252, about half the points were at the level of comfort of 1 to 2 lux. The remaining one-third of the total were over-illuminated from the visual comfort point of view but appropriate from the security approach, which requires readings above 5 lux. It is recommended that instead of the appropriate focus on lighting levels, uniformly distributed light at an equally distributed spacing throughout the pathway would be more appropriate. Bollard-based lighting focusing on the pathway will be more suitable than the existing high street lamps. This will not only provide lighting for security and comfort but will also prevent light pollution. Such studies must be repeated across parks and streets in India, and more factors like light temperature should be studied further.
Drug-Induced Liver Injury in Tuberculosis: Mechanisms of Development and Diagnostic Methods
Authors: Sukhanov D. S. , Timofeev E. V. , Alekseeva Yu. S. , Azovtsev D. Yu.
Published: March 2023

The review article discusses modern aspects of drug-induced liver injury (DILI) in patients with tuberculosis who are receiving etiotropic therapy. The main mechanisms of DILI, including toxic and idiosyncratic types, are described, as well as their pathogenetic, biochemical, and epidemiological differences. DILI can manifest as various clinicomorphological forms of liver damage, such as steatosis and steatohepatitis, acute and chronic hepatitis, mitochondrial cytopathy, cholestasis, sclerosing cholangitis, vascular injury, and others. The main diagnostic method for DILI is the detection of liver enzymes - transaminases and alkaline phosphatase - based on the degree of elevation and their ratio, which identify two main types of liver injury - hepatocellular and cholestatic - as well as a mixed variant. The article provides a scoring assessment of liver damage in a patient receiving chemotherapy to classify it as drug-induced liver injury.
Analysis of International Experience in Organizing Screening Programs for Early Detection of Malignancies
Authors: Volchek V. S. , Pochozhay V. V.
Published: March 2023

Screening and early diagnosis of cancer have been important components of the comprehensive measures to reduce the incidence and mortality of malignant neoplasms worldwide for quite some time. Despite the widespread use of oncological screening in different countries, doubts persist about its feasibility, methods used, or frequency of examinations. Several studies provide data that oncological screening programs do lead to a reduction in mortality from cancer, but do not reduce overall mortality. The American Society of Clinical Oncology continues to support oncological screening as an effective tool to reduce mortality from malignant neoplasms, but acknowledges that not all individuals who undergo screening will benefit from it, not all individuals with established malignant neoplasms will be cured, and undergoing screening today is not a guarantee of protection against cancer in the future. It is important to note that approaches to screening for malignant neoplasms are dynamically revised as new scientifically substantiated data emerge, and the interpretation by leading groups of experts may differ even within one country. This scientific article presents methods for evaluating the effectiveness of screening programs implementation, such as sensitivity and specificity, ROC analysis, positive and negative predictive value of screening, and results of randomized studies. A brief overview of the main international principles of implementing screening programs and recommendations of international medical communities is provided.
ANALISIS OF SPAIN’S BANKING SYSTEM
Authors:   Uzhhorod National University, Korol Maryna , Kulikovska Iryna ,   Uzhhorod National University, Lapa Ihor ,   Uzhhorod National University
Published: March 2023

This scientific work is devoted to the analysis of the banking system of the Kingdom of Spain. The relevance of the topic is due to the state and development of the Spanish banking sector, and the economy as a whole, after the crisis phenomena such as the financial crisis of 2008, the crisis of the Spanish economy and the corona crisis. The article examines the history of the development of the banking system: from its origin – the foundation of the Central Bank of Spain "Banco Nacional de San Carlos" to the modern innovation stage. The levels of the Spanish banking system are indicated. The five largest and most important banks in Spain are identified and described, as well as the Central Bank of Spain – Banco de España – its foundation, management and main tasks. A dynamic description of the current state of indicators of the Spanish banking system is given, in particular the available number of banks and branches, financial results: interest income, interest expenses, non-interest income, non-interest expenses and retained earnings/loss. The article examines the credit market, which is structured around banks, savings banks and credit cooperatives, the essence and role of credit through the structure of the loan portfolio (individuals and legal entities) of Spanish banks. Attention is drawn to the features, advantages and disadvantages of short-and long-term lending by Spanish banks. The deposit market, the essence and role of the deposit, the structure of the deposit portfolio (individuals and legal entities) of Spanish banks, as well as attracted deposits for a period of 6 Months-1 year, 1–5 years) are considered separately by individuals and legal entities. According to the Bank of Spain, its impact on the banking sector, the dependence of the rate value on the European Central Bank (ECB) and changes in the structure of bank customer funds due to the level of interest rates were studied. Restructuring measures to combat problem loans for the restoration of the banking sector are presented. Conclusions are drawn about the current state of the banking system of the Kingdom of Spain.
SOCIAL INCLUSION AS A PRIORITY FOR FURTHER DEVELOPMENT OF THE AGRICULTURAL SECTOR AND RURAL AREAS
Authors:   State Biotechnological University, Stepanenko Sergii
Published: March 2023

Agriculture is a priority sector of the development of the domestic economy, determines its strategic vector of development and the possibility of ensuring food and national security. However, in order to solve these important tasks, it is necessary to overcome inclusive social gaps, which under modern conditions take place in the agrarian sector and rural areas of Ukraine. The article examines the content of social inclusion, the main forms of its manifestation and consequences for the development of the agrarian economy. According to the results of analytical studies, it was found that the agricultural sector of Ukraine's economy is characterized by significant socio-economic problems, which are manifested as a reduction in the reproduction of the rural population, a gap in the income level of the rural and urban population, problems of employment and unemployment, social guarantees and living conditions, potential opportunities and prospects for the development of the rural population. The importance of overcoming inclusive social gaps is recognized by world practice and outlined as one of the strategic priorities of European agricultural policy and at the level of international organizations and associations. In order to solve these problems within national practice, the article made an attempt to justify the system of strategic priorities of socio-economic development of the agricultural sector and rural areas. The areas of harmonization of inclusive development and possible mechanisms of their provision are outlined. The volume of inclusive social investment in Ukraine is analyzed. The impact of international organizations and partnerships in helping to solve the tasks of inclusive social development of the village was revealed. The analysis of the strategic priorities and realities of the development of the domestic agrarian sphere showed that social inclusion is an important direction of transformations for the national economy, and the following can be its priority tools for their implementation: innovations, inclusive value chains, risk management, sustainable use of resources, activation of social integration in the countryside, implementation of inclusive models of poverty reduction and ensuring access to fair receipt and distribution of income for residents of rural areas.
ПРОЕКТУВАННЯ РОЗПОДІЛЕНИХ ІНФОРМАЦІЙНИХ СИСТЕМ НА ОСНОВІ ВИКОРИСТАННЯ ТЕХНОЛОГІЇ СЛАБОЗВ’ЯЗАНИХ КОМПОНЕНТІВ
Authors: Зінченко А. Ю.
Published: March 2023

У даній роботі розглядається побудова архітектурних рішень на основі технології слабозв’язаних програмних модулів автоматизованих інформаційних систем підприємств та установ. Детально проаналізовано використання принципу інверсії залежностей у реалізації сервіс-орієнтованої архітектури, побудови веб-сервісів (SOAP і REST), а також архітектурної моделі хмарних обчислень SaaS. Зокрема, детально описано використання інверсії управління через ін’єкції залежностей (Constructor injection, Parameter injection, Setter injection, Interface injection) при проектуванні програмних модулів інформаційної технології. Для підвищення надійності захисту персональних даних при проектуванні архітектурних рішень розглянуто основні механізми несанкціонованого доступу в сервіс-орієнтованих системах, а також шляхи їх подолання
ПРОЕКТУВАННЯ АРХІТЕКТУРИ ВЕБ-ЗАСТОСУНКУ ДЛЯ ІМІТАЦІЙНОГО МОДЕЛЮВАННЯ УПРАВЛІННЯ ТРАНСПОРТНИМИ ПОТОКАМИ
Authors: Фірсов O. Д. , Ульяновська Ю. В. , Мормуль М. Ф. , Пікулін Д. О.
Published: March 2023

Робота присвячена питанню проектування веб-додатку для імітаційного моделювання дорожнього руху на перехресті. Проаналізовано загальну схему роботи ділянки транспортної мережі міста та запропоновано шляхи її удосконалення за допомогою спеціалізованого програмного забезпечення. Розроблені параметри функціонування імітаційної моделі, складено алгоритми (описовi та графiчнi) вирiшення проблеми розробки веб-додатку для моделювання дорожнього руху. Побудовано UML-діаграми кожного етапу роботи застосунку.
СОЦІАЛЬНО-ПСИХОЛОГІЧНІ ОСОБЛИВОСТІ СХИЛЬНИХ ДО ДРІБНОЇ КОРУПЦІЇ ПРАВООХОРОНЦІВ
Authors: Ларіонова І. Т.
Published: March 2023

Стаття містить результати оригінального емпіричного дослідження соціально-психологічних особливостей схильних до дрібної корупції правоохоронців. Доведена актуальність дослідження, яка полягає у тому, що виявлення соціально-психологічних особливостей корупціонерів в системі МВС України, умовжливлює побудову їх психологічного профілю для потреб професійно-психологічного відбору та психопрофілактичної роботи. Дослідження проведено на матеріалі результатів психодіагностики 87 військовослужбовців Національної гвардії України, під час професійно-психологічного відбору на вищі посади та посади, що передбачають облік товарно- матеріальних цінностей, і які проходили обстеження за допомогою поліграфа. Основну групу дослідження склали військовослужбовці, які здійснювали корупційні дії в ході виконання посадових обов’язків. Контрольна група сформована з тих, військовослужбовців, хто не вдавався до корупційних дій під час виконання посадових обов’язків. За допомогою опитування визначено основні характеристики корупційної діяльності військовослужбовців (активність в ініціюванні корупційних дій; сторона у корупційній взаємодії; мета (причина) корупційних дій; форма корупційної діяльності, в якій брали участь; системність корупційних дій; розмір зловживань (розмір завданих збитків, сила фізичного чи психологічного насильства), поборів, хабарів; в якому вигляді отримував чи давав хабар, неправомірну винагороду, вдячність). Схарактеризовано особливості мотивації, життєвих пріоритетів, рис особистості і характеру, диспозицій досліджуваних правоохоронців. Визначено неможливість побудови детального загального профілю дрібного військового корупціонера та виділення критеріїв схильності до вчинення корупційних дій. Однак показано, що виявлені соціально-психологічні особливості дрібних корупціонерів-правоохоронців можуть розглядатись як характерні риси такого профілю.
СУЧАСНІ ТЕНДЕНЦІЇ ВИКЛАДАННЯ ДИСЦИПЛИН НА КАФЕДРІ ВІРУСОЛОГІЇ, ПАТАНАТОМІЇ ТА ХВОРОБ ПТИЦІ СУМСЬКОГО НАУ
Authors: Петров Роман Вікторович , Зон Григорій Анатолійович , Решетило Олександр Іванович , Івановська Людмила Борисівна , Панасенко Олександр Сергійович , Кісіль Дмитро Олександрович
Published: March 2023

У статті проаналізований стан викладання дисциплін та перспективи їх розвитку на кафедрі вірусології, патанатомії та хвороб птиці факультету ветеринарної медицини Сумського національного аграрного університету. Показано, що за змішаною та дистанційною формою навчання максимально ефективним є комплексне використання електронних засобів комунікації «Moodle», «Zoom», «Viber», за допомогою яких організовано безперервність навчального процесу. Наповнення системи «Moodle» складовими дисципліни, включаючи лекційний та практичний матеріал для персональної підготовки, з можливістю самоконтролю в тестовому вигляді, з відповідних тематичних модулів та атестації, дозволяє студенту навчатися як в синхронному та і в асинхронному режимі. А створення на базі месенджера «Viber» спеціалізованих груп з вказаних предметів дозволяє здійснювати оперативний обмін інформацією між студентами та викладачем, опрацювання питань та відповідей на них. Проведення лекційних та лабораторно-практичних занять на платформі «Zoom» в режимі он-лайн,не порушує розклад занять і забезпечує живе спілкування зі студентами. При розробці навчальних програм, стратегії навчання та оцінювання студентів, викладачі кафедри ставлять за мету забезпечення випускників необхідними компетенціями, на основі яких вони зможуть опанувати фах лікаря ветеринарної медицини. При створенні нових навчальних курсів провідне значення надається сучасним методологічним підходам, як у викладанні предметів, так і наповненні дисциплін світовими досягненнями. Приділяється увага науково-обґрунтованому розподілу годин для аудиторного, самостійного та обов’язковому наочному (практичному) вивченню циклів дисципліни. Впровадження комплексного підходу з використанням базових понять методології викладання дозволяє покращити засвоєння матеріалу студентами, що впливає на набуття конкретних вмінь та навичок майбутніх спеціалістів. Співробітники кафедри здійснюють допомогу випускникам факультету, лікарям ветеринарної медицини господарств та ветеринарних клінік з питань діагностики хвороб птиці, дрібних тварин їх утриманні і лікуванні, та патологоанатомічної діагностики і судової ветеринарії. Кафедра має перспективи і в майбутньому планує створити та викладати курси: ветеринарна криміналістика, практична цитологія, використання ветеринарних технологій в промисловому рибництві, ветеринарно– санітарні технології в акваріумістиці тощо.
Pelayanan Taman Penitipan Anak (TPA) Amifah Islamic School
Authors: Nur Anisah , Hasanah Viena Rusmiati , Kamarubiani Nike
Published: March 2023

Daycare is an organized care facility carried out during working hours to take care of children who do not receive complete care from their parents. The purpose of this study is that daycare is not a complement to parental care, but as a service that comes along with the times that can accommodate the dynamics of lifestyle. This study uses a qualitative approach. The results of the research are parenting services, education services, health services, nutrition services, and infrastructure services. Options regarding full day-based care designed to help mothers who are busy working all day in line with the development of the dual role phenomenon and how to fulfill learning-based childcare efforts.
Spatial factors overcome seasonality in increasing the consumption of allochthonous food resources by fishes from tropical lotic ecosystems
Authors: Ferreira Vitor Manuel , Soares Bruno , Leal Juliana , Albrecht Míriam
Published: March 2023

1. In lotic ecosystems, it is expected higher availability of allochthonous food resources during floods and rainfall events, which may yield a higher consumption of these resources by consumers. However, both the allochthonous input in aquatic ecosystems and seasonality in environmental conditions are locally dependent, thus dietary responses of freshwater consumers to seasonality should also be local-dependent. Herein, we apply a meta-analytical approach to unraveling which environmental variables drive the seasonal relative consumption of allochthonous food resources by fishes from tropical lotic ecosystems.2. We gathered 656 observations of the diet of fish populations (i.e., restricted to the same sampling event) from 83 localities across the tropics during flood and drought periods (hereafter, high-water and low-water periods, respectively). For each locality, we retrieved latitude, channel width, terrestrial biomass, and elevation. Then, we applied meta-regression models using the environmental variables as fixed effects and the proportion of allochthonous food resources in the diet of each observation (%Allo) as the response variable.3. Our models revealed that the diet of fish from tropical lotic ecosystems is mostly autochthonous independently of the hydrological period (high-water or low-water), with the predominance of aquatic invertebrates consumed. Terrestrial biomass and elevation were revealed as the main predictors of increasing allochthony also for both high-water and low-water periods. However, we did not find any relationship between latitude and channel width with allochthony.4. Our results highlight the importance of considering scale dependence for understanding the seasonal relative consumption of allochthonous and autochthonous food resources by fish. The little importance of seasonality when compared to spatial factors (terrestrial biomass and elevation) in increasing allochthony, is probably due to the different effects of seasonality across tropical lotic ecosystems and unseasonal rain in the tropics. Lastly, the non-relationship between channel width and allochthony may be one piece of evidence that the River Continuum Concept is better suited to temperate lotic ecosystems. 5. This study is an initial endeavor to gather fragmented information in a meta-analysis on this subject. Our results give novel insights and may serve as a new big-picture source of knowledge for future local empirical studies, improving the forecasting of the relationship between the factors underpinning the availability of allochthonous and autochthonous food resources and the diet of freshwater consumers.
Scheduling Algorithm for Reentrant Flexible Flow Shop with the Objective Function of Minimizing Orders’ Total Flow Time
Authors:   The Korean Production And Operations Management Society, Choi Seong Woo
Published: March 2023

This study focuses on a scheduling problem in a flexible flow shop, where there are serial stages, each with identical parallel machines. We suggest heuristic algorithms for the problem to minimize the total flow time of a given set of orders. Each order is composed of multiple lots and is processed on any parallel machines at each stage. This shop has reentrant flows since products for specific orders should visit the processing stages twice. We suggest algorithms of two types. The algorithms of the first type are three-phase algorithms, and the second type's algorithm is one-phase. In the first phase of three-phase algorithms, an initial sequence is obtained using priority dispatching rules, and then a construction algorithm is used to obtain sequences for each stage in the second phase. Finally, in the third phase, lots that visit the stages for the second time are scheduled using priority dispatching rules. Computational experiments are performed on randomly generated test problems to evaluate the performance of the suggested algorithms. Results show that the order-based algorithms perform better than the lot-based algorithms and an algorithm used in practice.
Port Risk Evaluation: Port of Incheon
Authors:   The Korean Production And Operations Management Society, Jeon Yoon Seok , Tsendkhuu Nyamjav , Ha Min-Ho
Published: March 2023

The port risk evaluation applied in this study is a hybrid approach of Fuzzy Evidential Reasoning and Utility Techniques. The Analytic Hierarchy Process was incorporated to evaluate each risk factor’s importance and to yield the weighted risk level of the individual risk factor and the overall risk level. The interpretation of the results of the hybrid approach is straightforward. This feature enables port risk managers to identify the strengths and weaknesses of the ports regarding each risk factor, upper-level risk factors, and overall risk. This offers the necessary insight to determine which areas require special attention for risk mitigation. Consequently, the results obtained by the risk evaluation model are expected to be used by port risk managers as diagnostic instruments to mitigate port risk or to improve risk management practices.
Effect of Risk Management on Port and Regional Economic Performance
Authors:   The Korean Production And Operations Management Society, Kim Yeong Jun , Kim Changhee
Published: March 2023

For countries all over the world, risk management in the maritime supply chain has become a top priority. For Korea, which is highly dependent on international supply chains, this is in fact an imperative task. However, domestic research on supply chain risks in shipping is lacking, and it is difficult to find studies that quantitatively evaluate the impact of supply chain risks. In view of this, the goal of this study is to substantiate the impact of supply chain risks on the national shipping supply chain. The study thus assesses the performance of the maritime supply chain as well as the impact of supply chain risks on supply chain performance. Additionally, supply chain performance is compared and analyzed based on the relationship between various supply chain related quality variables and risks. The results of the analysis quantitatively substantiated that supply chain risk had a negative effect on both efficiency of the maritime supply chain and container volume. In particular, it was established that when supply chain risk increases, efficiency significantly goes down even when the maritime supply chain is very good. Furthermore, controlling corruption in the supply chain had a positive effect on the container volume.
Two Ways: The Comprehensive Views on Protection Strategies to Tibetan Plateau
Authors: Li Weizhe
Published: March 2023

The meaning of research about the protection of the Tibetan Plateau does not only include the ecological aspect but also involves the economic benefits. In order to achieve the integration of ecology and economy, it seems to be necessary to search the diverse and useful protection methods. Currently, there are two main kinds of protection strategies for the Tibetan Plateau: top-down protection with the government as the main actor and bottom-up protection with the society as the main actor. This paper is from the perspective of policymakers and attempts to analyse the practical value and actual problems of the two methods through a comprehensive view; that is mainly about capability, deviation, adaptability, economy, and even the influence in international aspects.
A QUANTITATIVE ANALYSIS AND COMPARISON OF NITROGEN, PHOSPHORUS AND POTASSIUM IN SOIL AND WATER OF THE WUKARI MUNICIPAL SOLID WASTES NATURAL DRAINAGE
Authors: Anongo (now Jeyol) M'ember Catherine , Gangume C. , Shehu-Ruga Y.
Published: March 2023

Preliminary investigation of Municipal Solid Waste Natural (MSW) drainage for dry season irrigation farming of Amaranths at Angwan Mission Quarters – a densely populated locality known for cultivation of Amaranths due to availability of water and its accessibility to markets was conducted. Amaranths, soil and water samples from three drainage or sampling points was collected (December 2019 - March 2020) to ascertain suitability of drainage soils and water for irrigation of Amaranths. Visual observation and analysis of selected morphological traits (plant colour, plant height (cm), plant girth, leaf area (cm2) and number of leaves) for market value was conducted.  Physic-chemical analyses of pH, total organic carbon (C), total organic matter (OM), exchangeable bases (K, Na, Ca, Mg), cation exchange capacity (ECEC), moisture content, total nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P),potassium(K) concentrations of the MSW drainage soils and water were  determined according to Standard laboratory procedures. Results reveal chlorosis of Amaranths at sampling point 1(Up-Stream) and sampling point 2(Mid-Stream) indicating specific mineral deficiency (such as Iron, magnesium, nitrogen) usually associated with MSW dumpsites. Significant difference (p<0.05) in whole plant height, leaf area, number of leaves and % nitrogen (Up-Stream - 0.11 ± 0.00a; Mid-Stream - 0.14 ± 0.01a : Low-Stream - 0.16 ± 0.15) reflects abundance water and inadequate nitrogen levels respectively. This study remarked that   the drainage points are suitable for dry season vegetable farming and the transition from rural to peri-urban settlement has potentials for continuous utilization of drainage soil and water for large-scale vegetable farming and income generation by the