bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Using the Pandemic for Their Own Gain: The Experiences of COVID in Serbia
Authors: Uzelac Mirjana
Published: September 2023

The paper analyzes the experiences of older adults (65 years of age and older) with the COVID-19 pandemic in Serbia. At the beginning of the pandemic, the Serbian government declared a national state of emergency, which included a strict curfew in which older adults were forbidden to leave their homes under any circumstances. After 52 days, the state of emergency was lifted, which was soon followed by a rapid loosening of coronavirus measures. During this time, Serbia held parliamentary elections that were rife with irregularities. The government was accused of using the pandemic for political gains, including fabricating the numbers of COVID-19 deaths. The interlocutors in the study mapped their experiences with these measures and recounted how their lives had changed since the early days of the pandemic and into 2022. All interlocutors chose to frame their experiences through their criticism of the government and how it mishandled the pandemic. Rather than making excuses for a weaker government, the criticism is based on interlocutors’ expectations of a capable statecraft that can take care of its people, and the inability of the existing government to fulfill these expectations. Through the experiences of the pandemic, the study examines the tensions between the government and people in Serbia’s post-socialist context, and how these tensions are heightened during the time of crisis.
Au-delà du diagnostic de trouble de stress post-traumatique : Reconnaître l’expérience de guerre des militaires français
Authors: Roupnel Servane
Published: September 2023

Le traumatisme de guerre a fait l’objet de nombreuses études passant d’un régime de soupçon, envers des soldats accusés de simulation, à un régime de la reconnaissance par l’apparition d’un diagnostic médical officiel : le trouble de stress post-traumatique (TSPT). Pouvant toucher autant la population civile que la population militaire selon les critères diagnostic officiellement établis, il n’en reste pas moins que le milieu des armes présente de forts risques traumatiques du fait même de la profession militaire. Ainsi, poser la question du TSPT au sein de la sous-culture militaire, permet de concrétiser les enjeux contemporains que pose ce diagnostic. Tandis que cette mise en norme vient justifier le comportement, dit « anormal », de certains soldats, le diagnostic de TSPT reste sujet à réflexion notamment sur la façon dont il est vécu par les personnes atteintes. Car se faire diagnostiquer comme « post-traumatisé de guerre » ne va pas de soi. Le diagnostic implique de nombreux changements dans la vie du militaire que ce soit d’un point de vue personnel ou social. Cet article s’intéresse alors à l’expérience de militaires français post-traumatisés par un regard porté sur la perception du trouble pour l’individu atteint et ses proches à travers la prise en charge médicale du trouble de stress post-traumatique.
In Shortage: Understanding Global Antibiotic Supply Chains Through Pharmaceutical Trade Fairs
Authors: Zhang Mingyuan
Published: September 2023

Many countries have reported supply shortages of antibiotics in recent years. The COVID-19 pandemic has sparked interesting discussions among government officials, public health practitioners, and scholars on how to maintain the security of the global pharmaceutical supply chain and how to decrease dependency on countries such as China. This article discusses the experiences and initial findings of tracing global pharmaceutical supply chains through pharmaceutical trade fairs and events at multiple locations. I argue that the reasons behind antibiotic supply shortages are multifold. Although the geographical concentration of the production of key raw materials and Active Pharmaceutical Ingredients (APIs) in China is considered the main reason for the unstable and disrupted supply chain, it is also important to recognize that the same forces that have driven Western pharmaceutical companies to shift some of their less profitable manufacturing lines to China are also challenging Chinese pharmaceutical companies to adjust and reorient their strategies. As such, antibiotics are facing a conundrum in which the governance of excessive use is complicated by a shortage problem that hampers access to essential drugs.
Soil management in the Atlantic Forest’s rural properties:
Authors: Moraes de Oliveira Pinto Veronica , Paes Ferreira Maria Inês , Cruz Moreira Marcos Antônio , Quinto Junior Luiz de Pinedo , Ferreira da Silva José  Augusto
Published: September 2023

The environmental benefits arising from the interaction between matter and energy flows of permacultural systems acceleratethe recovery processes of degraded areas, which can be potentiated by the increase of plant biomass associated with thegreen manure technique, proposed in this work for the study territory: the surroundings of two Conservation Units (UC),of the Private Reserve of Natural Heritage (RPPN) type, the RPPN Águas Claras I and II. The RPPN Águas Claras I andII are located in the Macabu River basin, a microbasin of the Carukango River. The objective of this study was to analyzeareas submitted to reforestation and agroforestry system (SAF) projects, through estimates of local biomass obtained withthe aid of secondary data from the UCs’ forest inventory. As a result, it was possible to list Ficus sp and Sparattospermaleucanthum as priority native species for forest restoration. It was concluded that it is necessary to consort the two specieswith the planting of species considered green manures, in order to increase forest biomass and stimulate the improvementof soil conditions in the degraded portion of the reserve. This strategy can accelerate the regeneration process, as indicatedby secondary soil analysis data using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS),performed in the area of implementation of the SAF.
Preparation and Characterization of Polylactic Acid Based Nanofiber Loaded with Tangerine Peel (Citrus Unshiu) Essential Oil
Authors: GÜNGÖR ERTUĞRAL Tuğba , AKÇURA Sevim
Published: September 2023

Electrospinning method used in nanofiber production is an economical method applied with high voltage electricity.Essential oils obtained from natural sources have antioxidant, antimicrobial and antifungal properties and are preferred in the production of nanomaterials by electro-spinning method. In this study, tangerine peel (citrus unshiu) essential oil (TPEO) was obtained by hydro-distillation method. The major one of the 10 components of the extract detected by Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry (GS-MS) was D-Limonene (%77.45). The composite nanofiber was prepared with 25% TPEO and polylactic acid (PLA). Nanofibers were characterized by Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and Thermogravimetric Analysis (TGA). According to the SEM results, it is seen that the essential oil is composited with prominent spheroidal structures in PLA nanofiber structure, and nanofiber diameter obtained is approximately 76.8 nm. Its decomposition temperature is about 320°C. Nanofibers obtained from tangerine peels and their antibacterial properties, can be recommended use for food preservation and medicine fields.
A Different Olfactory Perception in Anosmic Patients: Evidence from Functional MRI
Authors: Kohanpour Mohsen , Aarabi Sobhan , Batouli Seyed Amir Hossein , Moallemian Soodeh , Oghabian Mohammad Ali
Published: September 2023

Purpose: Olfactory system is a vital sensory system in mammals, giving them the ability to connect with their environment. Anosmia, or the complete loss of olfaction ability, which could be caused by injuries, is an interesting topic for inspectors with the aim of diagnosing patients. Sniffing test is currently utilized to examine if an individual is suffering from anosmia; however, functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (fMRI) provides unique information about the structure and function of the different areas of the human brain, and therefore this noninvasive method could be used as a tool to locate the olfactory-related regions of the brain.
Materials and Methods: In this study, by recruiting 31 healthy and anosmic individuals, we investigated the neural Blood Oxygenation Level Dependent (BOLD) responses in the olfactory cortices following two odor stimuli, rose and eucalyptus, by using a 3T MR scanner.
Results: Comparing the two groups, we observed a network of brain areas being more active in normal individuals when smelling the odors. In addition, a number of brain areas also showed an activation decline during the odor stimuli, which is hypothesized as a resource allocation deactivation.
Conclusion: This study illustrated alterations in the brain activity between normal individuals and anosmic patients when smelling odors, and could potentially help for a better anosmia diagnosis in the future.
Gonads Exposure to Scattered Radiation and Associated Second Cancer Risk from Pelvic Radiotherapy
Authors: Yazdi Shiva Rahbar , Dalvand Saman , Broomand Mohammad Ali , Zamani Hamed , Zare Mohammad Hossein , Masjedi Hamidreza
Published: September 2023

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the risk of gonad cancer induction in adults with pelvic cancer (bladder, rectum, endometriosis) after radiation therapy.
Materials and Methods: In two fractions of radiotherapy, Thermo Luminescence Dosimeters (TLDs) measured the peripheral dose to the testis and ovary. With 3D planning, all patients received a 45 Gy total dose in four fields in the prone position. Researchers investigated the doses produced by linear accelerators operating at 18 MeV.
Results: The mean Excess Relative Risk (ERR) was measured based on the BEIR IIV models. Right pelvic radiotherapy of men was 0.795 ± 0.168 and 0.675 ± 0.134, and for women was 1.015 ± 0.561 and 0.884 ± 0.468 after 5 and 10 years of treatment, respectively. Left pelvic radiotherapy was 0.855 ± 0.172, 0.725 ± 0.138 for men and 0.880 ± 0.464, 0.722 ± 0.342 for women respectively (95% confidence interval). These values for women were higher (p < 0.05).
Conclusion: Estimating the second cancer risk of untargeted organs is crucial in radiotherapy. The out-of-field doses can be minimized by using a linear accelerator with a single energy mode and proper shields.
Fetal ECG Arrhythmia Detection Based on DensNet Transfer Learning
Authors: Rai Rajeev Kumar , Singh Ashutosh , Srivastva Ranjeet , Kumar Gyanendra
Published: September 2023

Purpose: The mortality rate of fetuses due to heart defects is a major concern for clinicians. The fetus's heart is monitored non-invasively using the abdominal Electrocardiogram (ECG) of the mother. Most of the methods in literature diagnose fetal arrhythmia based on fetal heart rate. However, there are various challenges in fetal heart rate monitoring and arrhythmia detection. Therefore, very few methods are explored for fetal arrhythmia classification and have not achieved promising results.
Materials and Methods: In this article, a fetal arrhythmia classification method is investigated. The method has exploited the transfer learning principle where DenseNet architecture is utilized to learn fetal ECG patterns. Fetal ECG (fECG) signal extracted from the mothers abdominal has been processed for denoising and heartbeats are segmented using signal processing techniques. The extracted heartbeats have transformed into 2D fECG images to re-train the pre-trained DenseNet architecture.
Results: The proposed method has been evaluated on the publicly available Non-Invasive Fetal Arrhythmia Database (NIFADB) of Physionet and achieved 98.56% classification accuracy, thus outperforming other existing methods.
Conclusion: The arrhythmia in a fetus can be detected using a non-invasive fetal ECG. Due to the faster convergence of the learning algorithm, the proposed method offers better fetal diagnosis in real-time.
Evaluation of the Effect of Different Nanoparticles on the Mass Attenuation Coefficient of a Shield in Diagnostic Radiology: A Monte Carlo Study
Authors: Khosravi Hossein , Ghazikhanlu Sani Karim , Jafari Salman , Nikzad Safora
Published: September 2023

Purpose: This research aimed to estimate the Mass Attenuation Coefficient (MAC) for the various nanoparticles in diagnostic imaging in order to assess and compare the changes in a bulk state.
Materials and Methods: To Using Monte Carlo N-Particle eXtended (MCNPX) code, nanoparticles were simulated in the target in order to compute the MAC considering the target. The Materials, including Bi, Pb NPs, Pb, W NPs, W, PbO NPs, Bi NPs, Bi2O3 NPs, and WO3 NPs were used in the present study. The gathered data were compared with the theoretical results of the XCOM software for validation.
Results: The findings demonstrated that the radioprotective characteristics of nanoparticles in comparison to the bulk materials were better. Among all these nanoparticles, the rate of attenuation of tungsten nanoparticles was higher than that of other nanoparticles. On the other hand, the density and attenuation rate of nanoparticles of PbO, Bi2O3 and WO3 were lower than those of nanoparticles Pb, W, and Bi. Therefore, all of the abovementioned nanoparticles were lightweight and their design was more flexible than that of bulk materials.
Conclusion: It was concluded that the use of nanoparticles in the protective materials considerably increased the radioprotective characteristics in the diagnostic radiography energy range.
The Effect of Combined Exercises and Consumption of Mulberry Leaf Extract on Serum Inflammatory Markers Level in Elderly Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Men
Authors: Bahram Mohammad Ebrahim , Afroundeh Roghayyeh , Pourvaghar Mohammad Javad , Skishahr Farnaz Seify , Katebi Leila , Isik Ozkan
Published: September 2023

Objective: This study aimed to investigate the effect of 8 weeks combined exercise and consumption of Mulberry leaf extract on the serum levels of inflammatory and atherosclerosis indicators in elderly men with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).
Materials and Methods: 40 elderly men T2DM aged between 65 to 70 years old were purposefully selected and randomly divided into five equal groups (training, supplement, training+ supplement, placebo, and control). A daily dose of 1000 mg Mulberry leaf extract, 3 times a day, was used for 2 months by the supplement group. Training groups performed combined exercises for eight weeks, each week three sessions of 90 minutes.
Results: The results showed that the amount of salusin-β and interleukin-6 in the training, training + supplement and supplement groups decreased significantly at the end of the study; Meanwhile, the level of salusin-α increased significantly in the training (P= 0.001), training + supplement (P= 0.001) and supplement (P= 0.01) groups. Also, the results of the covariance analysis showed that the amount of salusin-β and interleukin 6 were lower (P= 0.001), and the level of salusin-α was higher significantly in the training (P= 0.001), training +supplement (P= 0.001), and supplement (P= 0.001) groups compared to the control groups.
Conclusion: It seems that the consumption of Mulberry leaf extract, and combined exercises, is effective in controlling the inflammatory indicators and atherosclerosis related to diabetes in the T2DM elderly.
Association of ABO ,Rh Blood Groups with the Susceptibility of Gestational Diabetes in the Yazd-Iran Population
Authors: Khojastepor Afsaneh , Azizi Reyhaneh , Tabatabaei Razieh Sadat , Namiranian Nasim , Nikkhah Haniyeh
Published: September 2023

Objective: Today, the association of blood groups as genetic traits has been confirmed in many diseases. However, its association with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) has not been investigated. Therefore, in this study, we investigated the relationship between blood groups and GDM.
Materials and Methods: In this analytical cross-sectional study, pregnant women referred to Baqaeipur Clinic and Yazd Diabetes Research Center in 2015-2018Based on the information related to the results of the onehour OGTT test and the two-hour glucose levels recorded in the file were divided into two groups (GDM, non GDM). Then other information about the participants in the study, including demographic information, medical history, ABO and Rh blood groups, abortion, delivery, and number of pregnancies were extracted from the file and analyzed using SPSS version 23 software.
Results: Out of 1708 pregnant women, 244 (14.3%) had GDM, and 1464 (85.7%) did not. There was a statistically significant difference between these two groups in terms of age (P< 0.001), weight (P< 0.001), number of pregnancies (P< 0.001), delivery (P< 0.001), previous diseases (P< 0.001), and Rh (P= 0.01). While in terms of the ABO blood group system (P= 0.3) and abortion rate (P= 0.067), no statistically significant difference was observed.
Conclusion: Finally, we concluded that the frequency of the B+ blood group is higher in the GDM group, however, there is no statistically significant relationship between ABO blood groups and GDM.
Probiotic Candidate Bacteria's Capacity to Adsorb Heavy Metals within the Human Body
Authors: Rahimi Nayereh Rezaie , Fouladi-Fard Reza
Published: September 2023

The Article Abstract is not available.
Challenges on Adherence to Lifestyle Interventions in Integrative Medicine Clinical Trials
Authors: Saravani Mahdi , Kolangi Fatemeh
Published: September 2023

The Article Abstract is not available.
Isaaq Ibn Imran, A Physician of North Africa with a Look at His First Independent Work "Fi al-Mālikholiā" (Melancholy)
Authors: Hashemimehr Mohammad , Farkhondehzadeh Mahboobeh
Published: September 2023

Medical knowledge has gone through many ups and downs in its historical background. The formation of medical schools existed in different areas of Islamic territory. The purpose of this research is to introduce the character of Isaaq Ibn Imran and the impact of his works on the evolution of medical knowledge in North Africa. The present paper was written with a descriptive-analytical approach and a library method. After collecting relevant information, historical sources were analyzed and classified. To get more information, many articles were read and a search was made in electronic databases. The knowledge and attitude of Muslim physicians were different according to the climatic characteristics. Social and political conditions were effective in the production of various works as well. Isaaq Ibn Imran (d. 892) was one of the physicians born in Baghdad, who played an important role in the expansion of medical knowledge and philosophy in North Africa. The results of the research indicate that Ibn Imran is considered sheikh al-Attiba and a specialist physician, a pioneer of the school of medicine and pharmacy in North Africa. From all the works and writings that have been remembered by him in the field of medicine, he can be mentioned as a specialist in mental diseases among Muslims. His most important writing is the treatise "Fi al-Mālikholiā" among the first works on the treatment of mental disorders and the description of its therapeutic drugs, which there was no history of writing such a book by Muslim physicians.
СТРАТЕГІЧНЕ УПРАВЛІННЯ РОЗВИТКОМ ПІДПРИЄМСТВ ТРАНСПОРТНОГО БУДУВАННЯ В УМОВАХ ТРАНСФОРМАЦІЇ СЕРЕДОВИЩА
Authors: Калініченко Л. Л. , Міщенко М. І.
Published: September 2023

В статті встановлено, що кардинальна трансформація зовнішнього середовища обумовила необхідність перегляду концептуальних засад стратегічного управління підприємствами транспортного будування. Досліджено особливості сучасного процесу стратегічного управління. На основі виділених функцій стратегічного та інноваційного менеджменту в процесі управління підприємством транспортного будування та зважаючи на домінування процесів цифровізації, екологізації, індустріалізації, глобалізації та інноваційного типу розвитку економіки, було зроблено висновок про те, що в економічній теорії та практиці виникли передумови для інтеграції двох типів управління (стратегічного та інноваційного). Встановлено, що в умовах трансформації середовища стратегія підприємства транспортного будування повинна бути спрямована на посилення і створення внутрішніх і зовнішніх точок зростання, а також на розвиток динамічних спроможностей підприємства.
Koncept pomoči v znanosti socialnega dela: soustvarjanje procesa
Authors: Čačinovič Vogrinčič Gabi
Published: September 2023

Teza prispevka je, da ostaja pomembna, in še vedno spregledana, naloga razvoja znanosti socialnega dela razvoj koncepta pomoči, razvoj teorije ravnanja. Zanima nas poseben in pomemben sklop vprašanj: proces podpore in pomoči, kako delamo socialno delo, kako se proces vzpostavlja, vzdržuje, kakšne koncepte, metode, tehnike in spretnosti je socialno delo izoblikovalo, kako se v procesu pomoči spreminjata vlogi strokovnjaka in uporabnika. Ključni koncept novo nastajajoče teorije ravnanja je zajet v besedi soustvarjanje, ki že vzpostavi pomen jezika socialnega dela. V socialnem delu nastaja nov, avtonomen jezik, ki dobro ubesedi ravnanje v procesih pomoči kot soustvarjanje iz etike udeleženosti in perspektive moči. Temeljna teza prispevka je, da v razvoju znanosti in stroke potrebujemo intenzivno razvojno raziskovalno delo na procesih podpore in pomoči, ki ga soustvarimo vsi udeleženi: znanstveniki, praktiki in uporabnik in s tem hkrati soustvarjeno povezovanje teorije in prakse v razvoju jezika socialnega dela. A ne gre le za socialno delo, paradigmatske spremembe potrebujemo v vseh pomagajočih poklicih. Potrebujemo proces, ki v soustvarjanje poveže spoštljive in odgovorne zaveznike socialne delavce, psihologe, psihoterapevte, učitelje - in eksperte iz izkušenj, sodelavce, sogovornike, uporabnike.
»Bežite, bežite, Zaviter gre… !«
Authors: Rihtarič Ivan
Published: September 2023

Prispevek predstavlja Franca Rihtariča, zadnjega usmrčenega obsojenca 1959. leta na Slovenskem. Na podlagi dokumentov UDV (Uprava državne varnosti oz. UDBA)je prikazana njegova življenjska pot, prva aretacija (1950), bivanje po pobegu v Avstriji, zasliševanje UDV in vključitev kot agenta v delo te službe (»Žmavc«) in sodelovanje UDBE z avstrijsko stranjo (tajni sodelavec »Andraž«). Ob koncu prispevka je avtor postavil tri zanimiva vprašanja, na katera bo potrebno v bodočnosti še odgovoriti (smrt, grob in tim. »operativni nameni«).
Tarčna terapija pri zdravljenju raka
Authors: Grašič Kuhar Cvetka
Published: September 2023

Na področju onkologije je bilo v zadnjih 16 letih največ novoregistriranih zdravil za sistemsko zdravljenje iz skupine tarčnih zdravil. Izraženost tarč v rakastih celicah je kvantitativno ali kvalitativno drugačna kot v normalnih celicah. Mehanizem delovanja tarčnih zdravil je farmakološka blokada in selektivno ubijanje tumorskih celic z izraženo tarčo. Tarčna zdravila lahko bodisi zaustavijo prekomerno proliferacijo bodisi povzročijo celično smrt ali zavrejo rast tumorskih žil in s tem prekrvavitev tumorja, aktivirajo bolnikov imunski sistem proti tumorskim celicam, prekinejo rezistenco na druga zdravila ali se uporabljajo za prenos druge substance v celico (t.i. tarčna kemoterapija). Pri zdravljenju raka poznamo dve skupini skupin tarčnih zdravil, monoklonska protitelesa proti receptorjem na celični površini (velike molekule) in kinazne inhibitorje (male molekule), ki prehajajo v rakavo celico in se vežejo na ligande ('tarče') v notranjosti celice. Tarčno zdravilo je najbolj učinkovito, če poznamo glavno ali gonilno okvaro (tarčo) v rakasti celici. Kljub temu, da so tarčna zdravila bolj selektivna in varna, imajo nemalo neželenih učinkov zaradi vpliva na tarče tudi v zdravih tkivih. V članku so predstavljena nekatera tarčna zdravila, indikacije za uporabo in njihovi neželeni učinki.
Življenjski krog papirja in papirne embalaže
Authors: Gregor Svetec Diana , König Silva , Zule Janja , Golob Gorazd
Published: September 2023

Evropska uredba o embalaži in odpadni embalaži določa ukrepe, katerih poglavitni cilj je preprečiti nastajanje odpadne embalaže. Druga osnovna načela uredbe pa so ponovna uporaba embalaže, recikliranje in druge oblike predelave odpadne embalaže in s tem zmanjšanje dokončnega odstranjevanja odpadkov. Uredba o odpadkih zahteva, da se spodbuja visokokakovostno recikliranje in sistemi ločenega zbiranja odpadkov, primerni za doseganje potrebnih standardov kakovosti recikliranja, če je to tehnično, okoljsko in ekonomsko izvedljivo. Teoretična zgornja meja pri zbiranju in predelavi papirja ter papirne embalaže primerne za recikliranje je 81 %. Cilj Evropske skupnosti je doseči stopnjo recikliranja višjo od 70 % in uporabiti 50 % delež recikliranih vlaken v papirju in kartonu. Eden izmed ciljev projekta “Eko(loški) krogotok papirja” je povečati ozaveščenost in izdelati priporočila za optimalni postopek zbiranja papirja in papirnih izdelkov po posameznih regijah ter pripraviti izhodišča za novo transnacionalno strategijo vezano na uporabo recikliranih papirjev in papirne embalaže.
Računalnik, ki je spremenil svet
Authors: Nemec Jože
Published: September 2023

V preteklosti so podatke obdelovali le na velikih računalnikih v računskih centrih. Ko so se sredi osemdesetih let pojavili prvi, tedaj še okorni hišni računalniki, so jih pričeli, zlasti mladi, čedalje bolj množično uporabljati. Resničen preboj pa se je zgodil prišel šele leta 1981, ko so predstavili osebni računalnik IBM-PC. Četudi ga celo v sami tovarni IBM niso pretirano cenili, pa je njegova odprta arhitektura kmalu našla posnemovalce. V nekaj letih je ta računalnik, s svojimi nasledniki, postal standard za strojno opremo. Množica programske opreme in pocenitev strojne opreme je računalnikom utrla pot v vse pore življenja. Danes se le redki zavedamo kako hiter razvoj je ta računalnik dosegel na področju strojne in programske opreme. Zato je pogled na zgodovino razvoja osebnih računalnikov zanimiv in poučen.
Alternativna goriva
Authors: Bagar Tanja
Published: September 2023

Kot civilizacija imamo čedalje večje potrebe po energiji, hkrati pa smo izjemno potrošniška družba, ki čedalje več kupuje in proizvaja čedalje več odpadkov. Tako iz vidika potreb in proizvodnje energije kot iz okolijskega vidika se je smiselno usmerit v proizvodnjo alternativnih goriv iz odpadnih snovi. Če pomislimo, da povprečen Slovenec proizvede 500 kg odpadkov na leto in da se od tega reciklira okrog 40%, se pojavi vprašanje kaj z ostalimi 60%. Večina teh odpadkov je seveda pristala v odlagališčih, ki kljub dobri zasnovi in vsem okoljevarstvenim ukrepom niso optimalna rešitev. Analize teh odpadkov, ki jih ne moremo snovno ponovno uporabiti so pokazale, da ima lahka frakcija zelo visoko kurilno vrednost, kar kaže na to, da bi bil to lahko izjemen energent. Ob upoštevanju okolijskih predpisov o sežigu in emisijah, predstavlja predelava neobnovljivih odpadkov v kvalitetno standardizirano alternativno gorivo (SRF) odlično rešitev, tako za okolje kot tudi za energetsko preskrbo. Če se osredotočimo na Pomursko regijo, kjer je bilo še leta 2006 odloženih 100% odpadkov, bi ponovna snovna uporaba (recikliranje in kompostiranje) in predelava v alternativna goriva, pomenila kvantni preskok v ravnanju z odpadki, saj bi odložili le 20%, 80% bi pa snovno ali energetsko uporabili.
Modeli za okrepitev raziskovalnega potenciala Pomurja
Authors: Šket Robert , Jazbec Maša , Kumer Andreja , Ornik Davor , Kotnik Nina
Published: September 2023

Pomurje kot regija za gospodarski razvoj mora okrepiti svoj raziskovalni potencial. Dejstvo je, da je Pomurje ena najbolj zapostavljenih regij, zaradi česarperspektivni mladi kadri »bežijo« iznje, saj ne nudi zadostne celovite spodbude in podpore mladim, talentiranim posameznikom, raziskovalcem in drugim. To pomeni, da je potrebno opolnomočiti organizacije, da bodo razvijale področje raziskovanja za zagotavljanje nadaljnjega obstoja in razvoja. Organizacije morajo raziskovalno dejavnost prevzeti kot pozitivno in kot način za izboljšanje svojega poslovanja in doseganje dolgoročnega uspešnega poslovanja. Po drugi strani pa je potrebno opolnomočiti potencialne raziskovalce, da bodo raziskovanje identificirali kot svoj potencial in ga predano uresničevali. To pomeni, da bodo izvajali aktivnosti, ki bodo pripomogle k uresničitvi njihovega raziskovalnega potenciala in hkrati pripomogle k razvoju regije.
Mehanizirana obdelava podatkov pred uvedbo računalnikov
Authors: Nemec Jože
Published: September 2023

Konec 19. stoletja se je obseg podatkov v državnih upravah in velikih podjetjih tako povečal, da jim ročna obdelava ni bila več kos. Za obdelavo ljudskega štetja leta 1890 v Ameriki so zato uporabili luknjano kartico kot nosilec podatkov. Istočasno je izumitelj kartice Herman Hollerith skonstruiral vrsto naprav za njihovo obdelavo. Tehnološki razvoj je omogočil, da so te naprave razmeroma učinkovito obdelovale podatke v večjih informacijskih sistemih. Tudi, ko so te naprave zamenjali računalniki, so luknjane kartice ohranile vlogo nosilca podatkov vse do začetka osemdesetih let 20. stoletja. Danes o sistemih, ki so uporabljale luknjane kartice pričajo le še zaprašene fotografije.
»In tako sem se učil – ne od tistih, ki so me poučevali, ampak od tistih, ki so z menoj razpravljali« (Sveti Avguštin)
Authors: Lazar Jolanda
Published: September 2023

Kvaliteta pouka je osrednja tema številnih raziskav na področju izobraževanja. Zanimanje za to področje je poraslo z uvedbo mednarodnih primerjalnih študijah (PISA, PIRLS, TIMSS) in nacionalnih preverjanjih znanja (NPZ, matura). Raziskovanje se je osredotočilo na vprašanji: »Kaj je učinkovit pouk? Kako se lahko izboljša?« Gre za spremenljivko, na katero lahko vplivamo. Pri ugotavljanju kvalitete pouka je dan poseben poudarek učnemu pogovoru, saj poteka proces učenja in poučevanja v večji meri kot socialna interakcija med učiteljem in učenci. Ugotovitve raziskav so se potrdile tudi pri opazovanih urah pouka.
Energetski viri z nizkim ERoEI – perspektive in možnosti
Authors: Mihalič Rafael
Published: September 2023

Demografski, ekonomski in socialni razvoj človeške družbe je bil vedno povezan z njeno zmožnostjo izrabe virov energije. Predpogoj za obstoj višjih družbenih dejavnosti, kot so na primer podpora neaktivnim članom družbe, zdravstveno varstvo, umetnost …, pa je dostop do takih virov, ki v splošnem ne zahtevajo veliko družbene aktivnosti (danes lahko slednje izrazimo z deležem BDP, ki ga družba porabi za oskrbo z energijo, včasih ga izražamo preko EROI– Energy Returned on Investment - pridobljena energija glede na investicijo). Z drugimi besedami, energetski viri morajo imeti dovolj visok ERoEI - Energy Received on Energy Invested (razmerje med pridobljeno in v njeno pridobivanje vloženo energijo), da je možen razvoj uspešne družbe. V Evropi smo sprejeli politično odločitev energetskega preobrata (Energiewende) in za to do sedaj porabili ca. 1000 milijard €. Pojavlja pa se vprašanje, kaj to pravzaprav pomeni za ERoEI oskrbe z energijo in kaj za ekonomijo držav. Koliko smo Evropejci prispevali k »trajnostni« oskrbi z energijo, potem, ko smo potrošili omenjene milijarde? Ali sploh imamo dovolj sredstev in/ali virov, da bi zamenjali vsaj znaten del klasične električne proizvodnje z obnovljivimi viri? Kaj intenziven prehod na obnovljive vire energije pomeni za konkurenčnost na globalnem trgu?
Transparentność dokonań uczelni wyższej: Perspektywa zewnętrznych interesariuszy
Authors: Kalinowski Jacek
Published: September 2023

Transparentność to pojęcie, które jest nieodłącznym elementem zarówno języka potocznego, jak i wielu teorii zarządzania (choć nie zawsze jest ona wskazywana wprost jako ich odrębny element, cecha czy funkcja). Można ją utożsamiać z dwoma aspektami: decyzjami, które są podejmowane zazwyczaj wewnątrz organizacji, oraz ze skutkami tych decyzji, czyli z dokonaniami organizacji. W niniejszej monografii skupiono się na transparentności dokonań uczelni wyższej z perspektywy jej zewnętrznych interesariuszy, co ukierunkowało prowadzone badania na aspekt informowania ich o skutkach prowadzonych przez uczelnię działań. Warto również podkreślić, że oprócz tradycyjnego utożsamiania transparentności z przejrzystością, zaufaniem i wiarygodnością, może ona być w przypadku uczelni narzędziem stymulowania i wspierania ich rozwoju oraz uwiarygodnienia pozycji lidera i mentora dla otoczenia zewnętrznego. Monografia została podzielona na wstęp, pięć rozdziałów oraz zakończenie. Celem rozdziału pierwszego było przedstawienie źródeł tradycji i kultury uniwersytetów na świecie, ich wpływu na społeczeństwo w różnych epokach historycznych oraz zrozumienie na tej podstawie specyfiki funkcjonowania tych organizacji. Rozdział drugi dotyczy podstaw teoretycznych transparentności w zarządzaniu. Kolejna część monografii miała na celu przybliżenie czytelnikowi zakresu raportowania zewnętrznego polskich uczelni wyższych. Rozdział czwarty to rozdział empiryczny, prezentujący wyniki badań przeprowadzonych na potrzeby niniejszej monografii. Ostatni, piąty rozdział monografii, zawiera autorską propozycję struktury informacyjnej sprawozdania uczelni – w postaci zintegrowanego raportu o jej dokonaniach - obejmującego ustandaryzowany zakres informacji, mających na celu zapewnić pełną transparentność dokonań uczelni w Polsce.
Reproductive Health Knowledge, Attitude and Practice among Adolescents Attending Secondary Schools in Asmara, Eritrea
Authors: Andemeskel Yonatan Mehari , Bekit Bekit Zere , Gebresilassie Ermias Gebregziabiher , Gebreab Goitom Hagos , Gebresilassie Tedros Yemane , Abraha Yonas Haile , Weldegiorgis Ghidey Gebreyohannes
Published: September 2023

Background: Adolescent reproductive health problems are a great threat to adolescent’s warfare and such problems are associated with inadequate knowledge. In Eritrea, as adolescent reproductive health is not given much attention, which could lead adolescents to become victims of adolescence related reproductive health problems. Therefore, this study was carried out with the aim of investigating the reproductive health knowledge, attitude and practice among secondary school students in Asmara, the capital of Eritrea. Methods: A cross sectional study design was conducted on 428 adolescent high school students with the age range of 14 to 19 years. Sample size was determined by using a single population proportion formula. Initially, population size of each school and each grade was taken and proportional sample size was determined from each school and then from each grade. The list of students was used and participants were selected using simple random sampling.Data was collected through a structured self-administered questionnaire. Descriptive and inferential analysis were made using SPSS (version 22). Statistical significance level was set at P<0.005. Results: The median age of the study participants was 15 (IQR=2), in which 88.8% were between age of 14 to 16 years with 53% of them being females. The level of knowledge of the students regarding RH was low, with moderate to good attitude. Sexual practice was very low (3.5%) with usage of 86.7% of contraceptive use. Meanwhile, the usage of sexually explicit material was relatively higher (53%). Conclusion: Reproductive health knowledge was low almost in all variables. Meanwhile, significant number of students are already engaged in heterosexual romantic relationships and use of sexually explicit material. Adolescents need to be knowledgeable about themselves and the people they relate to, need sound information about the physical, psychological and social changes that take place through childhood to adolescence.
Representations of Moscow Residents about the Functions of RFID Microchips and the Risks Associated with Their Implantation
Authors: Ianokaeva Alina
Published: September 2023

Microchips implanted into the body could be one of the next steps in developing technology that reflects body health indicators, identifies people, and simplifies daily tasks. The COVID-19 pandemic and the vaccination against the virus have brought the phenomenon of microchip implantation to the forefront of media and consciousness. In the article we identify opinions about the functions and risks of RFID microchips based on interviews with Moscow residents (14 in-depth interviews conducted between March and April 2022). According to empirical data, the identification function aids a person in remembering all their documents, while the storage of medical information is genuinely helpful but rarely used in daily life. While carrying out routine tasks does not seem serious to the informants, it also enables them to fully appreciate the value of the microchip. Additionally, it was discovered that while some groups of informants considered health, privacy, and hacking risks to be important, they did not find physical robbery, inequality, or religious issues to be frightening or to be particularly significant.
Research of professional and value orientations of youth in the conditions of Internet socialization
Authors: Chvanova Marina S. , Kiseleva Irina A. , Anurieva Maria S.
Published: September 2023

Relevance. We studied the professional-value orientations of young people in the conditions of Internet socialization, their place in the structure of the life values of young people. The relevance is due to the need to search for technologies for managing the process of professionally oriented training of young people with the help of the Internet. The concept of professional value orientations of young people is clarified, technologies that contribute to the Internet socialization of youth are identified, Internet technologies that contribute to the formation of professional value orientations of young people are identified. Research methods. To achieve the goals of the study, various methods were used, including the method of analyzing information sources, the method of questioning through the digital resource Google Forms. Research results. We discuss the results of a study of the professional and value orientations of young people in the context of Internet socialization with the help of professionally oriented social networks, professional communities, technologies and services for interaction on the Internet. The Internet socialization of young people using freelance technologies, online internships, online edu-cational platforms is being studied. A study is being made of the attitude of the pedagogical and business communities to the practice of university students with the help of Internet technologies. Conclusions. Based on the analysis, it was revealed that the specificity of the formation of professional and value orientations of student youth in the conditions of Internet socialization is manifested in their active position, entry into various professionally oriented communities and their adaptation, individuality and integration in this community. Socialization first manifests itself as a process of adaptation to a professionally oriented Internet community, then – a demonstration of one’s individuality in the Internet community, and finally – entry into the Internet community and influence on its life. Based on the above, a discussion was held of the results of a study of professional value orientations of young people in the context of Internet socialization in professionally oriented social networks, freelance technologies, online internships, online educational platforms, and others.
Representative of the authorities in criminal law
Authors: Drozdov Denis E.
Published: September 2023

The representative of the authorities concept in the criminal law of the Russian Federation is researched. Being key for a significant number of crimes, understanding its essence, content, and specific features eliminates problems in the process of qualifying socially dangerous acts. The definition is analyzed taking into account the judicial interpretation that has emerged in Russia, contained in a number of the Russian Federation Supreme Court Plenums’ decisions. The features, prerequisites and the concept transformation patterns in criminal legislation are structured, taking into account the method of historicism. Various scientific approaches are studied and summarized, during which specific differences are established. The author’s definition is proposed, indicating key features, including the legality of the performance of duties, the limits of the exercise of power, and the generation of legal consequences. The approach to the dual understanding of a representative of the authorities is substantiated. The crimes provided for in Chapter 30 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation (against state power, the interests of public service and service in local government bodies) reveal the essence of a representative of the authorities as a function. For crimes regulated by Chapter 32 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation (against the order of management), a representative of the authorities is defined as an official. Understanding a representative of the authorities as a function and as an official eliminates the contradictions existing in doctrine and judicial practice, since in one case the representative of the authorities acts as a subject of a crime, in another as a special victim.
Special subject and objective side peculiarities in the corpus delicti of non-assistance to patient, which caused by negligence the death or serious harm to health infliction
Authors: Ognerubov Nikolai A.
Published: September 2023

The importance of the presented topic is explained by the high social risk expressed in the occurrence of medical negligence’s adverse consequences, especially when it entails serious harm to the patient’s health or his death. The aim is to establish the revealing proper crime subject peculiarities of non-assistance to patient, which caused by negligence the death or serious harm to health infliction and the causal link between his act and the adverse consequences. The study of the signs of a special subject in the considered corpus delicti, objective side’s conditions and containment identification, as well as the criminal cases consideration practice analysis and the criminal record status under part 2 of article 124 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation are defined as tasks. The empirical basis is provided by statistical data on the criminal record for the studied crime, as well as judicial practice materials, in which the author conducted a content analysis. According to the research results it is noted that the key criterion distinguishing the crimes committed under part 2 of article 124 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation from crimes under part 2 of article 109 and part 2 of article 118 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation is professional-destructive (bona fide) medical defect expressed in the criminal legislation as special subject omission without valid reasons.
Issues of jurisdiction of disputes for arbitration proceedings. Italian Republic’s legislation analysis
Authors: Gavrilenko Vladimir A.
Published: September 2023

Economic turnover subjects’ disputes subordination issues to proceedings through non-state arbitration and the arbitration institutions competence to resolve specific disputes types are analyzed. The Italian Republic legislation and Italian arbitration institutions’ activities are investigated. The above-mentioned state is characterized by a sufficiently developed economy and a large trade turnover, which entails a large number of agreements between business entities both within the country and within the framework of international economic relations. Consequently, commercial arbitration, as a dispute resolution means, has a rich history and a high development level within the Italian legal system. The scope of commercial arbitration in Italy and the legal regulation of the disputes jurisdiction and the arbitration institutions’ competence are considered in detail. Conclusions are drawn about the features and problems in these legal and economic sectors.
Christian Dior está morto?
Authors: Gabinio Amanda de Oliveira , Vieira Gabriel Luz Siqueira
Published: September 2023

Neste artigo iremos analisar aspectos do mundo da moda, a partir do documentário Dior e Eu, utilizando as categorias benjaminianas de fantasmagoria e aura e a relação destas com questões sobre arte, magia e mana trazidas por Marcel Mauss. Além de utilizar de Lévi-Strauss para pensar uma relação simbólica entre essas categorias. Também trabalhamos a questão da sucessão e o que significa ser um gênio criador dentro do capitalismo. Por fim, o discurso fílmico foi juntamente trabalhado com a contribuição de obras de Gilles Lipovetsky e John Berger, que foram de extrema importância para a compreensão da história da moda e sua estreita relação com a arte.
Соціокомунікативний потенціал інформаційних продуктів українських видавців галузевих періодик
Authors: Вареник Валентина Миколаївна
Published: September 2023

Зроблено критичний огляд видавничої продукції, яку створюють редакції галузевих медіа. Встановлено, що система редакцій галузевих періодик об’єднує не лише електронні, друковані журнали та газети, а й книжки, каталоги, плакати, сайти й інші електронні видання (зокрема, програмні продукти та маркетплейси, соціальні мережі).
Аргументовано, що хоча друковані журнали та газети продовжують функціонувати для фахової спільноти, а вебсайти — як окреме гіпертекстове середовище для підвищення кваліфікації професіоналів, аналіз лише вищевказаних видань не є вичерпним задля розуміння специфіки функціонування суб’єктів цього ринку. Українські галузеві журнали та газети неодноразово були об’єктом наукових розвідок, проте в нинішніх кризових умовах для українського видавничого бізнесу дедалі більше уваги приділяється пошуку якомога комфортнішої форми подання інформації для аудиторії, дослідженню впливу нових технологій та змін у медіапросторі. Необхідність розглянути видання в контексті сучасності зумовлена зростанням їх ролі як суб’єкта фахової та позафахової комунікації.
Кожен з інформаційних продуктів має власне унікальне функціональне призначення. Для більшості видань важливо слугувати джерелом доходів, привертати увагу до галузевого видання. Каталоги, соціальні мережі, виставкові газети спроможні забезпечити рекламну, іміджеву, фінансову взаємодію із суміжними аудиторіями періодичного видання. Книги, програмні продукти покликані задовольнити інтерес до певної теми чи явища, розширюючи можливості редакції з акумулювання інформації. У кризових умовах, якщо випуск електронного чи друкованого видання неможливий, інші видавничі продукти можуть стати основними для отримання доходів редакції та утримання цільової аудиторії видання.
Вплив технологічних режимів адитивного 3D друку на якість сувенірної продукції
Authors: Володько Марина Юріївна , Клименко Тетяна Євгенівна , Талімонова Надія Леонідівна
Published: September 2023

До 3D виробів, отриманих за допомогою адитивних технологій, встановлюється ряд вимог: якість та точність відтворення, відповідність геометричним та міцнісним параметрам, а також певним експлуатаційним властивостям.
Підвищення якості сувенірної 3D продукції пов’язана із багатьма чинниками, починаючи від налаштувань в процесі моделювання та встановлених технологічних режимів 3D друку, закінчуючи особливостями витратних матеріалів та впливом зовнішнього середовища.
Метою роботи є визначити технологічні параметри на етапі моделювання, що мають вагомий вплив на точність геометричних розмірів 3D виробів та моделей сувенірної продукції, встановлення оптимальних режимів 3D друку залежно від геометричних параметрів сувенірних виробів, виявити закономірності впливу технологічних параметрів процесу адитивного друку на формування шорсткості поверхневого шару 3D виробів.
Після проведених експериментів із виготовлення сувенірних 3D виробів за FDM технологією було встановлено оптимальний показник висоти шару, що складає 200 мкм. Задана висота забезпечує утворення краплі оптимальних розмірів, що забезпечує з’єднання із попереднім шаром і надійну фіксацію на поверхні. Використання меншої висоти шару, наприклад, 100 мкм, призводить до збільшення часу друкування та робить об’єкт більш крихким.
Врахування геометричних параметрів на етапі моделювання (товщини стінки та перекриття) впливає на міцність отриманого 3D виробу. Для друку сувенірних виробів, що мають різні розміри та вимоги до подальшої експлуатації, ці параметри підлягають коригуванню. Отже, однією із головних рекомендацій є те, що для підвищення точності друку, необхідно обирати товщину перекриття та товщину стінок виробу кратну діаметру сопла. Щодо швидкості, то її бажано коригувати залежно від кількості шарів з мінімальною площею, адже за надто низької площі поверхні на декількох шарах, що йдуть один за одним, виріб не встигатиме охолоджуватись і буде в подальшому вибракуваний.