bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
CONHECIMENTO DE PAIS E CUIDADORES PORTUGUESES SOBRE PRIMEIROS SOCORROS EM ACIDENTES DOMÉSTICOS
Authors: Dos Santos Carolai Conceição , Oliveira Marcia Maria Carneiro , Whitaker Maria Carolina Ortiz , Camargo Climene Laura de , Raimundo Filomena Martins Marcos , Sousa Maria Do Carmo
Published: December 2019

Objetivo: identificar o nível de conhecimento de pais/cuidadores de crianças sobre primeiros socorros em acidentes domésticos e se existe associação com fatores sociodemográficos. Método: estudo transversal, realizado no Centro Hospitalar de Trás os Montes e Alto Douro em Vila Real, Portugal, durante as consultas pediátricas ambulatoriais, entre maio e junho de 2018. Foram incluídos pais/cuidadores de crianças de 5 a 9 anos e excluídos pais/cuidadores que não tinham nacionalidade portuguesa. A população foi dividida em dois subgrupos, de acordo com o nível de conhecimento: ≤19 acertos (conhecimento fraco/razoável); ≥20 (conhecimento bom/muito bom). Utilizou-se, para a coleta de dados, um formulário contendo 27 questões. Resultados: dentre os 54 participantes, 33 (61,2%) possuíam conhecimento bom/muito bom; predominou a falta de conhecimento dos cuidados com ferimentos após queda e queimadura. Conclusão: apesar de o conhecimento dos pais/cuidadores ter sido avaliado como bom/muito bom, não houve associação do conhecimento com fatores sociodemográficos.

Descritores: Acidentes Domésticos. Crianças. Primeiros Socorros. Conhecimento.
The 3rd International Food Science and Technology Congress Was Held in Tehran, Iran
Authors: . Journal of Food Quality and Hazards Control
Published: December 2019

This article is an Editorial and does not include an Abstract.
Effect of Electron Beam Irradiation on Survival of Escherichia coli O157:H7 and Salmonella enterica serovar Thyphimurium in Minced Camel Meat during Refrigerated Storage
Authors: Amiri A. , Zandi H. , Mozaffari Khosravi H.
Published: December 2019

Background: Electron beam irradiation is one of the effective ways to control foodborne pathogens. We evaluated the effect of electron beam irradiation on survival of Escherichia coli O157:H7 and Salmonella enterica serovar Thyphimurium in minced camel meat during refrigerated storage. Methods: The meat samples were inoculated with E. coli O157:H7 and S. enterica serovar Thyphimurium and then irradiated with doses of 0, 1, 2, 3, and 5 kGy. The samples were stored at 4±1 °C and evaluated microbiologically up to 10 days. Data were analyzed using SPSS software version 18. Results: The microbial loads of minced camel meat samples were significantly reduced (p<0.0001) with increasing the dose of irradiation. The most effective dose was 5 kGy that highly reduced S. enterica serovar Typhimurium, and completely destroyed E. coli O157:H7. However, E. coli O157:H7 was more sensitive to electron beam irradiation than S. enterica serovar Typhimurium. Conclusion: Electron beam irradiation effectively reduced the population of both E. coli O157:H7 and S. enterica serovar Typhimurium in minced camel meat in a dose dependent manner.
CP-Hilda 2, new yellow grain synthetic maize (Zea mays) variety resistant to horse´s tooth (Claviceps gigantea) for the Mexican highlands
Authors: De León-García de Alba Carlos
Published: December 2019

En producción de maíz, la semilla de variedades de polinización libre ofrecen al agricultor obtener un precio más bajo que la semilla de híbridos comerciales, no es necesario comprar semilla nueva cada año, por su estabilidad genética puede sembrarse varios años, ofrecen más estabilidad en rendimiento de grano y tipo de planta, es más fácil de conseguir, puede competir en rendimiento con un híbrido y puede propagarse entre agricultores. El presente trabajo es resultado de actividades desarrolladas para la obtención de la variedad sintética de maíz de endosperma amarillo CP-Hilda 2, con buen comportamiento agronómico y resistencia genética a la enfermedad “diente de caballo”, siguiendo un programa de selección recurrente con líneas S1.
FEATURES OF ACTUAL NUTRITION AND THEIR RELATIONSHIP WITH CHARACTERISTICS OF THE SEMEN INDICES IN MEN WITH IDIOPATHIC INFERTILITY: THE POTENTIAL OF ALIMENTARY PREVENTION AND CORRECTION
Authors: Yunatskaya Tatyana A. , Tsukanov A. Yu. , Turchaninov D. V. , Satibaldin D. A. , Shirinskiy V. A. , Goleva O. P.
Published: December 2019

Introduction. A sterile marriage is one of the key medical and demographic and social problems. In recent years, the specific weight of the male factor in infertile marriage has increased substantially. Male infertility occurs in 50% of infertile marriages and has a multifactorial genesis of disorders, including idiopathic infertility, accounting for 30 to 75% of male infertility, according to different authors. Among the risk factors for idiopathic infertility nutrition is actively studied. Material and methods. The subjects of the study were men (n = 36), with an established diagnosis of idiopathic infertility, the average age of the respondents was 34 years (95% CI 29.5 ÷ 38.49). Fertility was assessed by clinical and laboratory methods (sperm analysis). The study of the actual nutrition was conducted by methods of analyzing the frequency of food consumption and daily reproduction of nutrition. The data were evaluated using nonparametric methods, the capabilities of the Microsoft Excel and STATISTICA-6 package were used. Results. The evaluation of the actual nutrition and the analysis of the correlation of nutrient intake with the characteristics of male sperm with the established diagnosis of “idiopathic infertility” were carried out. The nutrition of this population group is irrational, the imbalance of energy consumption, basic nutrients, macro - and micronutrients, significant deviations from the recommended values of consumption is established. Discussion. Correlations between qualitative and quantitative indicators of the composition of the semen and the level of consumption of essential nutrients have been established. Potential food risk factors for male infertility have been identified (insufficient intake of folate, vitamin PP, vitamin D, vitamin A, linolenic acid, phospholipids, biotin, choline, dietary fiber). Сonclusion. Men diagnosed with idiopathic infertility have a number of food imbalances. Taking into account the revealed correlations of the level of consumption of certain groups of food products and nutrients with qualitative and quantitative indicators of ejaculate, one can speak about the prospects of further studies in this direction on more representative groups.
METHODICAL APPROACHES TO HYGIENIC EVALUATION OF ENVIRONMENTAL OBJECTS AND THE JUSTIFICATION OF PREVENTIVE MEASURES ON THE TERRITORY OF ACCOMMODATION OF THE ENTERPRISES OF THE PETROCHEMICAL AND REFINING INDUSTRIES
Authors: Valeev Timur K. , Suleimanov R. A. , Rakhmanin Yu. A. , Malysheva A. G. , Rakhmatullina L. R.
Published: December 2019

Introduction. Operation of enterprises of petrochemical and oil refining industries is accompanied by significant pollution of air, soil, underground and surface water sources with a complex of toxic chemical compounds, which in turn has an adverse impact on the health and living conditions of the population. In order to carry out a correct assessment of the ecological and hygienic situation and reduce the risk to public health in regions with developed petrochemistry and oil refining, there is a need to optimize the existing mechanism of sanitary and epidemiological supervision of the quality of environmental facilities, to develop effective hygienic recommendations and targeted measures to reduce the level of anthropogenic impact and to prevent poor living conditions. Material and methods. The analysis of quality of objects of the environment according to departmental laboratories in territories of placement of the enterprises of petrochemistry and oil refining for 2007-2018 is carried out; results of scientific and practical researches and publications on the studied problem for 2004-2017. Results. There are identified the major sources and reasons for the admission of harmful chemical substances in the environmental objects from the petrochemical and refining industries. The most part of the enterprises of branch was established to operate for a long time, the outdated equipment, the power-consuming while there are used imperfect technologies characterized by insignificant depth of processing of raw materials and representing danger of ecological risk for objects of the environment. The list of priority indices recommended for the control of atmospheric air, soil, water bodies in the areas of petrochemistry and oil refining is based on. Developed and tested an algorithm of assessment of environmental quality and the health risk of the population in the territories with developed petrochemical industry and oil refining. On the basis of the obtained results, approaches to the development of hygienic recommendations and targeted measures to reduce the tested man-made load of the territories are proposed. Conclusion. The proposed methodological approaches will optimize the assessment of an ecological and hygienic situation, develop preventive measures to reduce the level of man-made impact and prevent poor living conditions in regions with developed petrochemistry and oil refining.
On the formation of value attitude to the Russian language study at school
Authors: Pavlinova Irina
Published: December 2019

In the Russian Federation, as a multinational country, bilingualism is widespread: the process of learning the state language (Russian language) and national language (Bashkir, Yakut, Buryat, etc.) is programmed, vital and natural. We see the problem in that the national languages of the indigenous peoples of Russia are studied from the perspective of patriotic upbringing and education, while the Russian language is presented to Russian-speaking children more as the offi-cial state language of our country and, to a lesser extent, as their native language. When studying the Russian language, either its undoubted rich history and culture is leveled out, or a small and unsystematic amount of national values associated with the Russian language is provided to stu-dents. Underestimation of the axiological, communicative and culturological approach to the study of Russian as a native language we consider an urgent problem of contemporary education. In primary school these approaches are of particular importance. We consider the issues of studying the Russian language as a state language, as a native and as a foreign one. We put forward the idea of integrating approaches to the Russian language study, the leading role of speech training of school students. In this regard, we conduct a detailed analysis of textbooks on the Russian language for grades 1–4 and a comparative analysis of Soviet and Russian textbooks. We pay attention to foreign experience, the study of Russian as a foreign language, and textbooks on the Russian language for foreign students. We connect the conclusions about the formation of the value attitude of younger school students to the Russian language both with the educational material content and with the form of its presentation to children.
The role of Tambov Governorate territorial chiefs in the political life of the country
Authors: Buzanova Natalya
Published: December 2019

July 12, 1889 Alexander III approved the draft law according to which “Regulations on territorial chiefs” was published. As of 1913, county congresses and governorate presences and territorial chiefs were introduced in forty-three governorates of European Russia, including the Tambov Governorate. The need for a new body of state control was due to the lack of a strong governmental power close to the people. The autocracy introduced this institute with the aim of restoring the landlords’ power over the peasant world, lost as a result of serfdom abolition in 1861. The powers of territorial chiefs were extensive: administrative, judicial, oversight, including control over the activities of peasant rural and volost institutions. However, over time, the functions of territorial chiefs were changed in comparison with what was originally written in the Regulation. We focus on issue of territorial chiefs participation in the political sphere of the state. The main sources for this research were data from the State archive of the Tambov Region. The government gave territorial chiefs the control of the peasant’s life from all sides, but due to circumstances, they were also drawn into the political processes of the state, especially at the beginning of the 20th century. We show that territorial chiefs were obedient executors of government policy, which was carried out in the counties, which was not at all provided for in their main functions. We investigate territorial chiefs’ role in the work of the State Duma. Thus, in the presence of different functions directions, we could hardly expect a positive effect from the institute as a whole.
NKVD–MVD–MGB internal military forces of USSR on the territory of the Soviet Baltic in 1944–1953: institutional aspects of activity
Authors: Bugaev Vitaliy
Published: December 2019

The relevance of the study is due to the fact that at present, not only in the Baltics, but also in our country, there are many negative interpretations of the 1944–1953 events, which took place in the Baltic region. In this regard, in the Baltics are increasingly heard statements that in Lithuania, Latvia and Estonia innocently suffered in the postwar period, “forest brothers” who were hiding from the Stalinist regime. Today on the streets of Lithuania, Latvia, Estonia proudly marching “forest brothers” and veterans of SS divisions, while veterans of the Great Patriotic War are judged for the “genocide” of Nazi accomplices of the Sonderkommando. To date, the events that took place in the Baltic Region in 1944–1953 are of particular interest to researchers. Our task is to show the general public what tasks faced the internal military forces of the NKVD–MVD–MGB of the USSR on the territory of the Soviet Baltic States in 1944–1953. The facts collected and systematized in this study show the specifics of the activities of the internal military forces of the NKVD–MVD–MGB of the USSR in ensuring public safety in the Baltic States during this period. As a result of the activities of the NKVD–MVD–MGB internal military forces of the USSR by 1953 in the Baltic Region, the nationalist movement as such no longer existed.
Strategies for the demographic behavior of the rural population of the south of Central Russia in 1959–2010 at the district level
Authors: Zhirov Nikolay
Published: December 2019

We consider a poorly studied topic related to the rural population movement at the level of particular regions. We study the districts of five regions of the Central Black Earth Region and adjacent regions over a long historical period of the late Soviet society and early of the post-Soviet period. We reveal dozens of facts of formal changes in the population of certain regions associated with administrative and territorial changes, especially with the transfer of a number of rural settlements to urban-type settlements or inclusion in the city boundaries. We establish that the prevailing, but not the only direction of demographic processes in 1959–2010 was a decrease in the number of inhabitants mainly under the influence of urbanization, and in the group of districts due to the Chernobyl disaster. We reveal that throughout the entire period remained a certain number of regions with developed industry, suburban agriculture, and transport infrastructure (in 2010 – 20 %), where the rural population grew. In the 1989–2010 period the depopulation rate in most other districts has slowed down compared to the previous segment. We draw conclusion that the thesis of the widespread and rapid extinction of the rural population does not have a factual basis.
Project activities: analysis of theoretical approaches in the context of psychological and pedagogical research
Authors: Levchuk Svetlana , Dorozkina Olga
Published: December 2019

We consider project activities as a social, psychological and pedagogical phenomenon. From the standpoint of systemic and activity-based approaches, we conduct an analysis of the content of the project activities structural components, their relationship and interdependence. As a methodological basis for the study, we use contemporary scientific theories and concepts to identify psychological mechanisms that ensure the success of project activities as a special synthetic form of human activity. We reveal the essential characteristic of value-orientational, cognitive, transformative and communicative components, identified in the project activities structure. The phenomenon is considered from the position of structural and functional approaches, allowing to reveal its general and specific characteristics. The scientific novelty of the study is to substantiate our own position, formulating a new scientific definition of the “project activities” concept.
Issues of linguistic folklore studies: Kostroma dialects
Authors: Dmitruk Lyudmila A.
Published: December 2019

We analyse a number of issues of linguistic folklore studies related to determining the status of the language of folklore texts in comparison with the national language and dialect. The language of Kostroma folklore is fundamentally sub-dialect, but at the same time it has some regional features related to the existence of genres of oral folk art in a certain territory and due to the ancient beliefs of the indigenous population of the region. The specific features of a regionally marked word reveal themselves in the context of the artistic, journalistic and scientific works of Kostroma writers and local historians of the late 19th – 20th centuries (A.O. Ablesimov, N.A. Nekrasov, А.N. Ostrovsky, S.V. Maksimov, I.M. Kasatkin, E.V. Chestnyakov, N.N. Vino-gradov, V.I. Smirnov, A.V. Gromov, etc.). The semantic-stylistic, structural, functional features of some folklorisms reveal themselves in the synchronic and diachronic aspect, the texts by A.O. Ablesimov, V.I. Smirnov, A.V. Gromov. The existence of these folklorisms characterize most North Russian dialects, including the number of Kostroma.
Russian rhetoric and speech culture: to the interconnection issue
Authors: Denisov Yuriy N.
Published: December 2019

We study the issues of rhetorical skill and speech culture. We briefly analyze rhetoric development in Russia, note the features of it in the 19th century, consider academic and judicial eloquence, contribution of lawyers to the development of rhetoric. This allowed to raise national rhetoric to a new stage of development as aexemplefied with mastery of public speeches, speech persuasion. We identify the features of the Soviet oratory. The Soviet mastery of public speech is a completely unique scientific and theoretical applied art aimed at agitation and promotion of the Soviet way of life. The further development of rhetoric and theory of speech culture is due to so-cial and economical and cultural transformations that have occurred in Russian society. This led to the need to create a fundamentally new theoretical concept, which is based on the close relationship and interaction of the substantive aspects of rhetoric, literature theory and speech culture. At the same time, only the focus of their consideration and study changed. Therefore, the modern speech situation evaluated in the Russian society ambiguously and should take into account not only the national traditions of studying rhetoric and the speech culture theory, but also the practical experience of the foreign approach, first of all, rhetoric, as well as the achievements of psycholinguistics, information theory, speech acts, national specifics of etiquette. The main thing that unites rhetoric and culture of speech is their purpose, and they differ in particular substantive aspects of their study and teaching.
Interpretation von Tiernamen als Teile von zusammengesetzten Adjektiven
Authors: Zakharova Mariya A.
Published: December 2019

This research is based on the modern theory of interpretation. We describe the relationships between both parts of compound adjectives with the animal names. We study the formation of secondary meanings of these animal names, depending on the semantic structure of the adjective. We discover 5 types of structures with an animal name as a first part. The second part contains either the feature of animal or somatic-derived adjective or simply animal name-enhanced trait. This part can have both primary and secondary value. So, the purpose of the research is the analysis of the possibility of forming the secondary meanings of these compound adjectives. Since the adjective denotes not an object but a feature, the research contains several examples of its use in texting. There are also some examples of the language usage of the exploratory adjectives, because the context may affect the peculiarities of meaning of adjectives.
Fandom em bibliotecas públicas
Authors: Silva Bruna Daniele de Oliveira , Sabbag Deise Maria Antonio
Published: December 2019

O fandom constitui-se por indivíduos que apreciam um objeto cultural constituindo a denominada comunidade de fãs. No interior dessas comunidades criam e compartilham produtos inspirados nos conteúdos culturais originais chamados de cânone. Por outro lado, temos a biblioteca pública (BP) que tem em suas diretrizes a promoção de competências como a leitura, a criatividade e o contato com diversas expressões artísticas. No entanto, as BPs brasileiras sofrem com o abandono da comunidade, o descaso e o desconhecimento de suas funções por parte do poder público. Assim, enxerga-se no fandom um meio pelo qual as BPs possam resgatar sua relevância e cumprir melhor seu papel ao servir sua comunidade com atividades que despertem múltiplos interesses. O artigo tem como objetivo conceituar as atividades de fãs, mapeando as iniciativas semelhantes que obtiveram sucesso em BPs, bem como discutir as possibilidades de aplicação na realidade brasileira elencando quais benefícios o desenvolvimentos de tais atividades traria a comunidade. O percurso metodológico foi o exploratório, pois a produção acadêmica que relaciona o fandom com as bibliotecas públicas é relativamente escassa no país, dessa forma, foram consultados sites de associações de bibliotecas públicas, periódicos com a temática de biblioteca pública, blogs sobre fãs, fandom e leitura. Apoiado nos conceitos de “biblioteca viva” e “biblioremix”, a comunidade de fãs apresenta-se como um meio para colocar em prática uma nova perspectiva da biblioteca. Por se constituir de indivíduos engajados com diferentes atividades artísticas, os fãs têm o potencial de mobilizar grupos de interesse no entorno da BP.
The Status of Corporate Social Responsibility
Authors: Mao Weikai
Published: December 2019

This report shows the reason why corporate social responsibility (CSR) is needed by Australia companies with a brief introduction of CSR, and in order to achieve sustainability, organisations should fulfil social expectations. Both organisations and society can benefit from acting CSR. Internally, acting CSR can decrease the turnover of employees and the company’s potential risk, improve customers satisfaction and the company’s reputation. In addition, externally, acting CSR will protect the environment, facilitate the economic development and improve organisations’ ability to survive. However, CSR is an uncompleted concept, it still has some limitations in comparability, consistency, reliability, and relevance. Therefore, effective regulatory system should be designed to monitor those companies that introduced CSR policies.
Devastating Vertebral Osteomyelitis After Epidural Steroid Injection
Authors: Lobaton Gilberto O. , Marrache Majd , Petrusky Olivia , Cohen David B. , Jain Amit
Published: December 2019

Case:

A 62-year-old man with no comorbidities presented with back and bilateral leg pain and progressive paraplegia that developed over a 1-week period. He had received 2 lumbar epidural steroid injections (LESIs) for lumbar stenosis 39 and 25 days before presentation. Workup revealed osteomyelitis of L4 and L5 with epidural abscesses. He ultimately underwent all-posterior L4 and L5 corpectomy with reconstruction and L1-pelvis arthrodesis, followed by 8 weeks of intravenous antibiotics. His weakness improved, but neurological deficits persisted.

Conclusions:

This case illustrates a catastrophic complication after LESI, resulting in permanent neurological injury in a patient with no apparent risk factors.
Loosening of a Total Hip Arthroplasty Associated with a Periprosthetic Femoral Fracture Caused by Recurrent Hydatidosis of the Hip
Authors: Masmoudi Karim , Ben Maitigue Mahmoud , Frikha Riadh , Mouelhi Thabet , Cheikhrouhou Hassen
Published: December 2019

Case:

A 35-year-old woman, who lived in an endemic area for echinococcosis, developed a periprosthetic fracture with loosening of a total hip arthroplasty that had been performed 9 years earlier for hydatidosis of the right proximal femur with a pathological femoral neck fracture. At that time, the patient did not have any signs of liver or lung involvement. She was successfully managed by a cemented revision hip arthroplasty without any signs of recurrence at the last follow-up of 5 years.

Conclusions:

Total hip arthroplasty can offer effective management of proximal femur hydatidosis, despite the high rate of recurrence and mechanic failure.
Successful Hip Arthroscopy Using Postless Distraction in a Professional Basketball Player
Authors: Ellman Michael B. , Scheidt Michael , Skendzel Jack G. , Bhatia Sanjeev
Published: December 2019

Case:

A 36-year-old 7ʹ0ʺ male professional basketball player presented with hip pain and radiographic imaging consistent with femoroacetabular impingement syndrome and a labral tear. Hip arthroscopy was performed with the patient positioned supine on a postless distraction table to negate the risk of pudendal nerve and perineal skin complications. Hip distraction was achieved with only 40 lbs (18.14 kg) of distraction force. Labral repair and cam osteochondroplasty were safely performed without complication.

Conclusions:

This case is the first to demonstrate that postless distraction may be considered for patients at end ranges of height that exceed the limitations of common hip arthroscopy tables.
Testicular Dislocation After Pelvic Ring Injury
Authors: Middleton A.H. , Martin J.M. , Wittmann T.A. , Schmeling G.J.
Published: December 2019

Cases:

We present 2 cases of traumatic testicular dislocation associated with a pelvic ring injury after a motorcycle collision. Case 1 describes bilateral testicular dislocation discovered intraoperatively. Urology was consulted, and the testicles were manually reduced under general anesthesia. Case 2 describes unilateral testicular dislocation discovered at the 1-month follow-up after pelvic ring fixation. Concern for infarction prompted urology to take the patient for surgical reduction. Both cases resolved uneventfully without genitourinary complaints at the follow-up.

Conclusions:

Testicular dislocation is rare but should be considered in the setting of pelvic injury due to a motorcycle collision. Detection warrants urgent urologic consultation.
Concurrencia y complementariedad: nuevos paradigmas de producción y consumo en la economía romana
Authors: MORAIS ÁNGEL , MORILLO CERDÁN RUI
Published: December 2019

Las investigaciones arqueológicas desarrolladas en distintos campos de la denominada “Arqueología de la Producción”, nos han llevado a un cambio de paradigma en los estudios de la economía en el mundo antiguo. No es posible contemplar el transporte de sustancias líquidas y semilíquidas sólo a partir de las ánforas “canónicas”. Cada vez resulta más evidente que el mundo romano empleo otros tipos de recipientes, tanto cerámicos (ánforas de fondo plano), como perecederos (barriles, odres), para cubrir todos los segmentos del proceso de comercialización, desde el envasado hasta la redistribución en el ámbito de los centros de consumo. Los registros estratigráficos del campamento romano de León nos permiten algunas reflexiones a este respecto.
Seis epígrafes árabes de Andalucía
Authors: BARCELÓ CARMEN
Published: December 2019

La actualización de la caduca obra de Lévi-Provençal sobre las inscripciones árabes de España requiere un esfuerzo de revisión y puesta al día del texto editado de los epígrafes y también la recta interpretación de los que están apareciendo nuevos. Para facilitar esa necesaria tarea, se ofrece aquí la edición, traducción y estudio de seis inscripciones árabes, en parte ya conocidas. La lectura de estos epígrafes andalusíes aporta datos de cierta importancia: históricos (participación del fatà Fa–’iq en la dirección de obras), nuevas fórmulas (citas coránicas y plegarias en epitafios), formas onomásticas curiosas y poemas, además de otros aspectos externos; entre los de carácter epigráfico, descubrimos la importancia de Córdoba en la evolución del cúfico andalusí en la transición entre las taifas y los almorávides.
Ombitasvir/Paritaprevir/Ritonavir & Dasabuvir ± Ribavirin following protease inhibitors failure - A Prospective Multi-Centre Trial
Authors: Deutsch Liat , Houri Inbal , Ben-Ari Ziv , Shlomai Amir , Veitsman Ella , Cohen-Ezra Oranit , Issachar Assaf , Mor Orna , Gozlan Yael , Bruck Rafael , Menachem Yoram , Zelber-Sagi Shira , Katchman Helena , Shibolet Oren
Published: December 2019

Background Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is a leading cause of chronic liver disease and hepatocellular carcinoma. Treatment with first generation protease inhibitors (PI)+peg-interferon (pegIFN) and ribavirin (RBV) achieved sustained virologic response (SVR) rates of 65-75% but was associated with multiple side effects. The aim of this study was to evaluate safety and efficacy of Ombitasvir/Paritaprevir/Ritonavir and Dasabuvir (3D)±RBV in HCV genotype 1 patients that failed previous treatment with first generation PIs.Methods An investigator-initiated, open-label, multi-centre clinical trial. HCV Genotype 1 patients who were previously null/partial responders or relapsers to telaprevir, boceprevir or simepravir+pegIFN/RBV and met eligibility criteria were included. 3D±RBV were administrated for 12 or 24 weeks according to label. The primary outcome was antiviral response (SVR12); Secondary outcomes were patient reported outcomes, adverse events and resistance associated variants.Results Thirty-nine patients initiated treatment according to study protocol (59% men, age 54.0±8.7 years, BMI 28.7±4.5 kg/m 2 ). Thirty-seven (94.9%) completed the study. Thirty-five patients had genotype 1b (9 cirrhotics) and 4 had genotype 1a (2 cirrhotics). Intention-to-treat SVR12 was 92.3% and per-protocol SVR12 was 97.3%. The rate of advanced fibrosis (FibroScan ® score F3-4) declined from 46.2% to 25.7% (P=0.045). Abnormal ALT levels declined from 84.6% to 8.6% (P<0.001). Seven patients (17.9%) experienced serious adverse events (3 Psychiatric admissions, 1 pneumonia, 1 ankle fracture, 2 palpitations), and 12 patients (30.8%) experienced self-reported adverse events, mostly weakness.Conclusion 3D±RBV is safe and effective in achieving SVR among patients with HCV genotype 1 who failed previous first-generation PI treatment.Clinical trial number NCT02646111
What predicts the proxy-reported health-related quality of life of adolescents with cerebral palsy in Bangladesh?
Authors: Power Rosalie , Galea Claire , Muhit Mohammad , Heanoy Eamin , Karim Tasneem , Badawi Nadia , Khandaker Gulam
Published: December 2019

Background: The health-related quality of life (HRQoL) of adolescents with CP in low and middle-income countries is often poor, as is the case in Bangladesh. This exploratory study examined what factors predict the proxy-reported HRQoL of adolescents with CP in rural Bangladesh, a typical low- and middle-income country (LMIC). Methods: Adolescents with CP (10 to 18y) were identified using the Bangladesh Cerebral Palsy Register. HRQoL was assessed using the Cerebral Palsy Quality of Life-Teens proxy-report questionnaire (CPQoL-Teens), adolescent mental health using the Strengths and Difficulty Questionnaire (SDQ) and caregiver mental health using the Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale (DASS-21). Theoretical and statistical interests (i.e. bivariate analysis, p <0.05) identified potential predictors which were entered into hierarchical multiple linear regression (HMLR) models in order of clinical significance; HMLR related adolescent clinical characteristics, adolescent and caregiver mental health and proxies of socioeconomic status to CPQoL-Teens dimensions. Results: 154 adolescents with CP (mean age 15y 1mo, SD 1y 8mo, female 31.2%) participated in this study. Twenty-four factors were identified to explore for relationship to adolescent proxy-reported HRQoL. Fifteen of the factors correlated to one or more CPQoL-Teens dimension; strongest correlation was between ‘feelings about functioning’ and motor impairment ( r =0.545). Nine were predictive of CPQoL-Teens dimensions; adolescent sex, school attendance, severity of motor impairment, hearing and speech impairment, mother’s education, primary caregiver depression and stress, and having a sanitary latrine at home resulting in score changes of between 0.79 (95% CI 0.24 to 1.35) to 35.1 (95% CI 6.03 to 64.22). Conclusions: Many of the factors predicting the proxy-reported HRQoL of adolescents with CP are amenable to intervention, and have the potential to improve adolescent wellbeing. Several determinants are priorities of the sustainable development goals (SDGs); these findings should inform resource prioritization to improve the wellbeing of adolescents with CP in Bangladesh and other LMICs.
The effect of Liv-52 on liver ischemia reperfusion damage in rats
Authors: Cimen Orhan , Eken Huseyin , Cİmen Ferda Keskin , Cekic Arif Burak , Kurt Nezahat , Bilgin Asli Ozbek , Suleyman Bahadir , Suleyman Halis , Mammadov Renad , Pehlivanoglu Kamil , Kurnaz Eray
Published: December 2019

Background: Liver ischemia reperfusion (I/R) damage which is frequently seen in clinical hepatobiliary surgeries has no effective treatment for it. Liv-52, known to have hepatoprotective effects, is a natural antioxidant drug licensed by the Ministry of Health of India. The aim of our study is to investigate the effect of Liv-52 on liver damage induced by I/R in rats.
Methods: Albino Wistar male rats were divided into three groups; liver I/R (IR), 20 mg/kg Liv-52 + liver ischemia reperfusion (LIR) and sham operation applied to control group (HG). Liv-52 was administered to the LIR group (n=6) one hour prior to I/R application and distilled water was given orally to IR (n=6) and HG (n=6) groups as a solvent. Ischemia was determined as one hour, and reperfusion was identified as six hours in animals.
Results: Increased levels of alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase and lactate dehydrogenase, malondialdehyde, myeloperoxidase, and decreased levels of superoxide dismutase, and glutathione related enzymes caused by I/R application have been converged to healthy group level with Liv-52 treatment and the damage in liver tissue has been improved histopathologically.
Conclusions: Liv-52 may be beneficial for preventing liver I/R damage in pre-surgery application.
Advanced Practice Nurses in Primary Care in Switzerland: An Analysis of Interprofessional Collaboration
Authors: Josi Renata , Bianchi Monica , Brandt Sophie
Published: December 2019

Background: The increase in the number of chronically ill patients due to ageing is calling existing models of primary care (PC) into question. New care models have recently been implemented in Swiss PC and involve interprofessional teams. This paper aimed to investigate the practice of interprofessional collaboration between advanced practice nurses, registered nurses, and medical practice assistants within new models of PC in Switzerland using the National Interprofessional Competency Framework. Methods: An ethnographic design comprising semi-structured interviews and non-participant observations was conducted. Sixteen interviews were conducted with care providers at their PC practice. Interviewees included four advanced practice nurses, two registered nurses, six medical practice assistants, and four general practitioners. Nine other health professionals were subsequently observed in their practice. Interviews and observations were conducted by the first author from February to April 2019. Results: Our analysis of interview and observational data confirmed that role clarification, team functioning, collaborative leadership, interprofessional conflict resolution, patient-centered care, and interprofessional communication have a significant influence on the interprofessional collaboration among health professionals in Swiss PC. Among these domains, role clarification and team functioning were the most frequently raised issues. Both were found to have the potential to negatively influence and, therefore, hinder efficient interprofessional collaboration within PC. Conclusion: From the analysis, it emerged that role clarification is crucial for effective interprofessional collaboration within new care delivery models in the Swiss PC context. Our study results may inform international health policymakers and practitioners about six important domains of interprofessional care when implementing new care models. Practical experience with new models of care involving advanced practice nurses and medical practice assistants may also influence the regulation of the scope of practice of these health professionals in Switzerland.
The relationship between endothelial progenitor cells and pulmonary arterial hypertension in children with congenital heart disease
Authors: Sun Hong-Xiao , Li Guo-Ju , Du Zhan-Hui , Bing Zhen , Ji Zhi-Xian , Luo Gang , Pan Silin
Published: December 2019

Background: Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) caused by congenital heart disease (CHD) is very common in clinics. Some studies have shown that PAH is related to the number of endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs), but there is no report on the relationship between PAH and the number of EPCs in children with CHD. Methods: In this study, a total of 173 cases with CHD (from 0 to 6 years old) were collected. According to the mean pulmonary arterial pressure (mPAP) measured by right heart catheterization, these cases were divided into PAH groups (including high PAH group, mPAP>25mmHg, n=32, and the middle PAH group, 20mmHg≤mPAP≤25mmHg, n=30) and non-PAH group (mPAP<20mmHg, n=111). Peripheral blood was taken for flow cytometry, and the number of EPCs (CD133+/KDR+ cells) was counted. The number of EPCs /μL of peripheral blood was calculated using the following formula: EPCs /μL =WBC /L × lymphocytes % × EPCs % × 10-6. Results: The median EPCs of the non-PAH group, middle PAH group and high PAH group is 1.86/μL, 1.30 /μL and 0.98/μL, respectively. The mPAP decreases steadily as the level of EPCs increases (P<0.05). After adjustment of gender, age and BMI, the number of EPCs was significantly associated with a decreased risk of high PAH (OR=0.37, 95% CI: 0.16-0.87, P<0.05). However, EPCs was not significantly associated with middle PAH (P>0.05). Conclusion: The findings revealed that the EPCs and high PAH in patients with CHD correlate significantly and EPCs may become an effective treatment for PAH in patients with CHD. EPCs may be a protective factor of high PAH for children with CHD.
Effect of a tailored leaflet to promote diabetic retinopathy screening among young adults with type 2 diabetes: a randomised controlled trial.
Authors: Lake Amelia Jane , Browne Jessica L , Rees Gwyneth , Speight Jane
Published: December 2019

Background: Young adults with type 2 diabetes (aged 18-39 years) are at risk of early onset and rapid progression of diabetic retinopathy, the leading cause of blindness and vision loss in working age adults. Early detection via retinal screening can prevent most vision loss, yet uptake among this priority population is consistently lower than the general diabetes population. We aimed to test the effect of a tailored, evidence-based brief health behaviour change intervention (leaflet) on self-reported uptake, and previously identified social cognitive determinants of retinal screening. Methods: A pragmatic, two-arm randomised controlled trial was conducted from September 2014 to April 2015. Participants were stratified by prior screening uptake (Yes/No) and randomly allocated to intervention (leaflet) or ‘usual care’ control (no leaflet). Primary outcome was self-reported screening uptake four weeks post-intervention for ‘No’ participants who had not previously screened for diabetic retinopathy. Secondary outcome variables were changes in knowledge, attitudes, normative beliefs, intention and behavioural skills for all participants, irrespective of prior screening behaviour. To assess intervention effects on secondary outcome variables, we conducted independent samples t-tests (two-tailed) on pre-post change scores. Results: 129 young adults (26% no prior retinal screen) completed baseline; 101 completed post-intervention. Power to determine effect on the primary outcome was curtailed by low recruitment of individuals with no prior retinal screen and loss to follow-up. Attrition was associated significantly with country of birth, language spoken at home, and marital status. Significant intervention effect was observed for one secondary outcome variable: knowledge of diabetic retinopathy (p=.03) with moderate effect (partial eta squared h2=.05); no adverse effects were reported. Control group participants received the leaflet at study completion. Conclusions: This study confirms that a well-designed eye health and retinal screening promotion leaflet can increase knowledge of diabetic retinopathy, an important screening predictor. The study highlights the challenges of conducting ‘real-world’ health behaviour change research with this priority population, providing insights for clinicians and researchers. Strategies to recruit, engage and retain hard-to-reach populations are discussed including nonconventional alternatives to randomised controlled trial designs. Trial registration: ACTRN12614001110673, UTN No.: U1111-1161-9803. Registered 20 October 2014 - retrospectively registered https://www.anzctr.org.au/Trial/Registration/TrialReview.aspx?id=367127
Duck enteritis virus UL21 is a late gene and encodes a protein that interacts with pUL16
Authors: Yang Linjiang , Wang Mingshu , Zeng Chunhui , Shi Yong , Cheng Anchun , Liu Mafeng , Zhu Dekang , Chen Shun , Jia Renyong , Yang Qiao , Wu Ying , Zhang Shaqiu , Zhao Xinxin , Huang Juan , Liu Yunya , Ou Xumin , Mao Sai , Yu Yanling , Zhang Ling , Tian Bin , Pan Leichang , Rehman Mujeeb Ur , Chen Xiaoyue
Published: December 2019

Background pUL21 is a conserved protein of Alphaherpesvirinae that performs multiple important functions. The C-terminus of pUL21 in other members of this subfamily has RNA-binding ability; this domain contributes to pseudorabies virus (PRV) retrograde axonal transport in vitro and in vivo and participates in newly replicated viral DNA packaging and intracellular virus transport. However, knowledge regarding duck enteritis virus (DEV) pUL21 is limited. Methods In our study, recombinant pUL21 was expressed using an pET-32c (+) vector in Escherichia coli BL21 cells induced with 0.4 mM isopropyl β-D-thiogalactoside for 8 h at 30°C. The antibody used for the indirect immunofluorescence (IFA) and western blotting (WB) analysis were prepared. Pharmacological inhibition, WB and quantitative reverse transcription PCR (RT-qPCR) were performed. A coimmunoprecipitation (CO-IP) assay was conducted to test the interaction between pUL21 and pUL16. Results We verified that DEV UL21 is a γ2 gene that encodes a structural protein. Moreover, we observed that pUL21 localized to the nucleus and cytoplasm. DEV pUL21 interacted with pUL16 and formed a complex in transfected human embryonic kidney (HEK) 293T cells and DEV-infected duck embryo fibroblasts (DEFs). These results were further confirmed by CO-IP assays. Conclusions The DEV UL21 gene is a late gene, and pUL21 localizes to the nucleus and cytoplasm. DEV UL21 is a virion component. In addition, pUL21 can interact with pUL16. These ﬁndings provide insight into the characteristics of UL21 and the interaction between pUL21 and its binding partner pUL16. Our study enhances the understanding of DEV pUL21. Keywords: Duck enteritis virus, UL21, UL16, late gene, interaction
Echocardiography in Clinical Decision Making for Acute Coronary Syndromes
Authors: Harnish Paul , Nesheiwat Zeid , Mahmood Shazil , Soni Ronak , Eltahawy Ehab
Published: December 2019

Background Acute coronary syndromes encompass an array of complex symptoms and presentations. The role of echocardiography in acute coronary syndrome has recently assumed a distinguished role in detecting early and late mechanical complications of acute coronary syndrome paving way for emergent clinical decision-making.Case Presentation Three clinical cases are discussed where emergent used of echocardiography identified mechanical complications of acute coronary syndromes including free wall rupture, ventricular septal defect, and papillary muscle rupture allowing for early decision making.Conclusion Due to its non-invasiveness and accessibility, its utility in rapid assessment of acute coronary syndromes and its complications is promising and may lead to improved outcomes.
Inconsistencies are common between non-Cochrane systematic reviews and their protocols registered in the International prospective register of systematic reviews (PROSPERO) but were seldom explained
Authors: Hu Kaiyan , Zhang Ting , Zhang Weiyi , Zhou Qi , Kwong Joey S.W. , Ma Yuxia , Jiang Yanbiao , Shang Zhizhong , Wu Anhu , Tao Gongcai , Yang Kehu , Ma Bin
Published: December 2019

Background: Protocols of systematic reviews allow for planning and documentation of review methods, and thus improve the transparency of reviews process. However, pre-registered a protocol is not enough, the author also need to follow it. PROSPERO is an open-access online facility for the registration of non-Cochrane systematic reviews. The purpose of our research is to determined what changed were made between non-Cochrane reviews and their protocols in PROSPERO and how likely these changes impacted the quality of systematic review. Method: In this retrospective comparative study we electronically searched for protocols and their corresponding systematic reviews in the PROSPERO platform that were “completed and published” from January to December, 2018. Two reviewers independently identified and classified changes between the protocols and systematic reviews then evaluated the impact (improve/reduce/unclear)of these change on the reporting/methodology quality of reviews. Frequency (n), percentage (%) were used to analyze the number of changes categorically in each review and the distribution of different impact caused by these changes. Results: We identified 39 pre-registered protocols and their reviews, all of which exhibited alterations. All changes to only one review are considered to improve the reporting/methodology quality, and remaining 97% of reviews (n=38) contain changes that are categorically considered to reduce the methodology/reporting quality or that have an unclear impact on reviews. Conclusions: Differences between the non-Cochrane reviews and their protocols recorded in PROSPERO are widespread, and there have been many changes having an unclear impact on the quality of reviews. Guiding the author to report and explain the differences between protocol and reviews or even requiring authors to so at the level of journal are two fundamental solutions to further improve the transparency of the non-Cochrane reviews.