bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Stem cell characteristics promote aggressiveness of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma
Authors: Chang Kung-Chao , Chen Ruo-Yu , Wang Yu-Chu , Hung Liang-Yi , Medeiros L. Jeffrey , Chen Ya-Ping , Chen Tsai-Yun , Yang Jui-Chu , Chiang Po-Min
Published: December 2020

Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) may present initially inbone marrow,liver andspleen without any lymphadenopathy (referred to as BLS-type DLBCL), which is aggressive and frequently associated with hemophagocytic syndrome. Its tumorigenesis and molecular mechanisms warrant clarification. By gene microarray profiling with bioinformatics analysis, we found higher expression of the stem cell markers HOXA9 and NANOG, as well as BMP8B, CCR6 and S100A8 in BLS-type than conventional DLBCL. We further validated expression of these markers in a large cohort of DLBCL including BLS-type cases and found that expression of HOXA9 and NANOG correlated with inferior outcome and poor prognostic parameters. Functional studies with gene-overexpressed and gene-silenced DLBCL cell lines showed that expression of NANOG and HOXA9 promoted cell viability and inhibited apoptosis through suppression of G2 arrest in vitro and enhanced tumor formation and hepatosplenic infiltration in a tail-vein-injected mouse model. Additionally,HOXA9-transfected tumor cells showed significantly increased soft-agar clonogenic ability and tumor sphere formation. Interestingly, B cells with higher CCR6 expression revealed a higher chemotactic migration for CCL20. Taken together, our findings support the concept that tumor or precursor cells of BLS-type DLBCL are attracted by chemotaxis and home to the bone marrow, where the microenvironment promotes the expression of stem cell characteristics and aggressiveness of tumor cells.
Global phosphorus dynamics in terms of phosphine
Authors: Fu Wanyi , Zhang Xihui
Published: December 2020

Since the detection of phosphine in the wastewater treatment plants in 1988, more and more investigations revealed that phosphine is closely related to ecological activities on a global scale. Here, we present perspectives on the whole dynamic cycles of phosphorus, particularly in terms of phosphine and its interactions with natural ecosystems, as well as the impacts from human activities. It may conclude that the phosphine-driving cycles of phosphorus depend on the coordination of human activities with natural ecosystems. Most importantly, the extensive recovery of phosphorus in numerous urban wastewater treatment plants may seriously obstruct its global cycles to catch up with the ecological needs in natural ecosystems. Phosphine gas plays an important role in the biogeochemical phosphorus cycle. Phosphorus might be one of the important elements participating in the global climate change together with carbon and nitrogen.
Reactivation during sleep with incomplete reminder cues rather than complete ones stabilizes long-term memory in humans
Authors: Forcato Cecilia , Klinzing Jens G. , Carbone Julia , Radloff Michael , Weber Frederik D. , Born Jan , Diekelmann Susanne
Published: December 2020

Reactivation by reminder cues labilizes memories during wakefulness, requiring reconsolidation to persist. In contrast, during sleep, cued reactivation seems to directly stabilize memories. In reconsolidation, incomplete reminders are more effective in reactivating memories than complete reminders by inducing a mismatch, i.e. a discrepancy between expected and actual events. Whether mismatch is likewise detected during sleep is unclear. Here we test whether cued reactivation during sleep is more effective for mismatch-inducing incomplete than complete reminders. We first establish that only incomplete but not complete reminders labilize memories during wakefulness. When complete or incomplete reminders are presented during 40-min sleep, both reminders are equally effective in stabilizing memories. However, when extending the retention interval for another 7 hours (following 40-min sleep), only incomplete but not complete reminders stabilize memories, regardless of the extension containing wakefulness or sleep. We propose that, during sleep, only incomplete reminders initiate long-term memory stabilization via mismatch detection.
Photonic-chip assisted correlative light and electron microscopy
Authors: Tinguely Jean-Claude , Steyer Anna Maria , Øie Cristina Ionica , Helle Øystein Ivar , Dullo Firehun Tsige , Olsen Randi , McCourt Peter , Schwab Yannick , Ahluwalia Balpreet Singh
Published: December 2020

Correlative light and electron microscopy (CLEM) unifies the versatility of light microscopy (LM) with the high resolution of electron microscopy (EM), allowing one to zoom into the complex organization of cells. Here, we introduce photonic chip assisted CLEM, enabling multi-modal total internal reflection fluorescence (TIRF) microscopy over large field of view and high precision localization of the target area of interest within EM. The photonic chips are used as a substrate to hold, to illuminate and to provide landmarking of the sample through specially designed grid-like numbering systems. Using this approach, we demonstrate its applicability for tracking the area of interest, imaging the three-dimensional (3D) structural organization of nano-sized morphological features on liver sinusoidal endothelial cells such as fenestrations (trans-cytoplasmic nanopores), and correlating specific endo-lysosomal compartments with its cargo protein upon endocytosis.
Development of a penem antibiotic against Mycobacteroides abscessus
Authors: Batchelder Hunter R. , Story-Roller Elizabeth , Lloyd Evan P. , Kaushik Amit , Bigelow Kristina M. , Maggioncalda Emily C. , Nuermberger Eric L. , Lamichhane Gyanu , Townsend Craig A.
Published: December 2020

β-lactams are the most widely used antibiotic class to treat bacterial infections in humans. Mycobacteroides abscessus is an emerging pulmonary pathogen resistant to most antibiotics, including penicillins and cephalosporins. With no current FDA-approved treatment and cure rates <50%, there is a pressing need for effective therapies. Here we report T405, a new β-lactam of the penem subclass that exhibits potent activity against M. abscessus and a panel of drug-resistant strains isolated from cystic fibrosis patients. Additionally, in combination with the β-lactamase inhibitor avibactam, the rate of spontaneous resistance of M. abscessus to T405 approached the limit of detection. Lastly, we show the favorable pharmacokinetic profile of T405 in mice and the absence of toxicity at elevated dosage, which support the clinical potential of this compound.
Author Correction: VEGFC negatively regulates the growth and aggressiveness of medulloblastoma cells
Authors: Penco-Campillo Manon , Comoglio Yannick , Feliz Morel Álvaro Javier , Hanna Rita , Durivault Jérôme , Leloire Magalie , Mejias Bastien , Pagnuzzi Marina , Morot Amandine , Burel-Vandenbos Fanny , Selby Matthew , Williamson Daniel , Clifford Steven C. , Claren Audrey , Doyen Jérôme , Picco Vincent , Martial Sonia , Pagès Gilles
Published: December 2020

A Correction to this paper has been published: https://doi.org/10.1038/s42003-020-01502-2.
Imprinting and driving electronic orbital magnetism using magnons
Authors: Zhang Li-chuan , Go Dongwook , Hanke Jan-Philipp , Buhl Patrick M. , Grytsiuk Sergii , Blügel Stefan , Lux Fabian R. , Mokrousov Yuriy
Published: December 2020

Magnons, as the most elementary excitations of magnetic materials, have recently emerged as a prominent tool in electrical and thermal manipulation and transport of spin, and magnonics as a field is considered as one of the pillars of modern spintronics. On the other hand, orbitronics, which exploits the orbital degree of freedom of electrons rather than their spin, emerges as a powerful platform in efficient design of currents and redistribution of angular momentum in structurally complex materials. Here, we uncover a way to bridge the worlds of magnonics and electronic orbital magnetism, which originates in the fundamental coupling of scalar spin chirality, inherent to magnons, to the orbital degree of freedom in solids. We show that this can result in efficient generation and transport of electronic orbital angular momentum by magnons, thus opening the road to combining the functionalities of magnonics and orbitronics to their mutual benefit in the realm of spintronics applications.
The origin of hysteresis and memory of two-phase flow in disordered media
Authors: Holtzman Ran , Dentz Marco , Planet Ramon , Ortín Jordi
Published: December 2020

Cyclic fluid-fluid displacements in disordered media feature hysteresis, multivaluedness, and memory properties in the pressure-saturation relationship. Quantitative understanding of the underlying pore-scale mechanisms and their extrapolation across scales constitutes a major challenge. Here we find that the capillary action of a single constriction in the fluid passage contains the key features of hysteresis. This insight forms the building block for an ab initio model that provides the quantitative link between the microscopic capillary physics, spatially-extended collective events (Haines jumps) and large-scale hysteresis. The mechanisms identified here apply to a broad range of problems in hydrology, geophysics and engineering.
Magnetic core–shell dendritic mesoporous silica nanospheres anchored with diamine as an efficient and recyclable base catalyst
Authors: Surabhi  , Shabir Javaid , Gupta Padmini , Sah Digvijay , Mozumdar Subho
Published: December 2020

In the present study, diamine-functionalized magnetic core–shell dendritic mesoporous silica nanospheres have been successfully synthesized by an oil–water biphasic stratification-coating strategy.
Natural polyenic macrolactams and polycyclic derivatives generated by transannular pericyclic reactions: optimized biogenesis challenging chemical synthesis
Authors: Alvarez Rosana , de Lera Angel R.
Published: December 2020

Genetically-encoded polyenic macrolactams, which are constructed by Nature using hybrid polyketide synthase/nonribosomal peptide synthase (PKSs/NRPSs) assembly lines, are part of the large collection of natural products isolated from bacteria.
Metal–organic frameworks vs. buffers: case study of UiO-66 stability
Authors: Bůžek Daniel , Adamec Slavomír , Lang Kamil , Demel Jan
Published: December 2020

The combination of zirconium-based MOF UiO-66 with buffered environment leads to UiO-66 decomposition.
The influence of three diphenylpyran isomer co-sensitizers with different sterical structures on N719-based dye sensitized solar cells
Authors: Wang Xinxin , Hang Xiuhua , Bolag Altan , Yun Wu , Bao Tana , Ning Jun , Alata Hexig , Ojiyed Tegus
Published: December 2020

This work applied three isomers with different spatial geometries as co-sensitizers to enhance N719-based dye sensitized solar cells.
Spin-state dependence of the structural and vibrational properties of solvated iron(ii) polypyridyl complexes from AIMD simulations: III. [Fe(tpen)]Cl2 in acetonitrile
Authors: Lawson Daku Latévi M.
Published: December 2020

AIMD study of the SCO [Fe(tpen)]2+ complex in acetonitrile: radial distribution functions and running coordination numbers characterizing its solvation structure in the HS state.
Narrative and Other Pragmatic Language Abilities of Children With a History of Maltreatment
Authors: Ciolino Christel , Hyter Yvette D. , Suarez Michelle , Bedrosian Jan
Published: December 2020

Introduction

In any given year, about 3.5 million children in the United States are suspected of having experienced maltreatment resulting in complex trauma involving the exposure to traumatic events and the long-term effects of this exposure on the child's psychological, emotional, social, linguistic, and communicative development.

Method

In this study, we analyzed retrospective data on the pragmatic language and social communication skills exhibited by children between the ages of 5 and 15 years with a documented history of maltreatment. Researchers analyzed the children's performance on the Hyter Pragmatic Protocol–Revised and the Clinical Evaluation of Language Fundamentals–Fifth Edition Screening Test to determine their syntactic, semantic, and pragmatic abilities. Analyses were also conducted to determine if children with different genders, ages, and numbers of exposures demonstrated differences in performance.

Results

Results showed that many children with trauma exposure demonstrated specific deficits in both narrative and expository language skills. High percentages of children exhibited difficulty using narrative cohesion, narrative coherence, expository content, expository structure, and expository coherence on the Hyter Pragmatic Protocol–Revised. The number of maltreatment exposures did not significantly impact performance on narrative measures. Female participants tended to perform better on pragmatic language tests. Younger children performed better than older children on narrative cohesion and produced a landscape of action in their narratives. Most children received passing scores on the Clinical Evaluation of Language Fundamentals–Fifth Edition Screening Test, and there were no significant differences in pass rates among age, gender, and number of exposures.

Conclusions

Clinical implications for assessment are discussed. Implications include the need for clinicians to test pragmatic language, especially the narrative language of children exposed to complex trauma. Because older children with trauma exposure demonstrated lower scores on certain tests of narrative language, there is a need for periodic reassessment of these pragmatic skills as children age.
Effect of a chitosan edible‐coating enriched with Citrus limon peel extracts and Ocimum tenuiflorum leaf extracts on the shelf‐life of bananas
Authors: Deb Majumder Samarpan , Sarathi Ganguly Soumya
Published: December 2020

In recent years, the need for the capability of decelerating the ripening process has increased significantly, especially in countries such as India where the post‐harvest loss is ∼630 billion dollars annually. The ripening process primarily starts with transpiration and respiration through microscopic pores present on the fruit. Accordingly, edible coatings can act as barriers, reducing the acceleration of these biochemical processes and enhance the shelf‐life of the fruit. For this study, 2% chitosan enriched with peel extracts from Citrus limon and leaf extracts from Ocimum tenuiflorum were used as an edible coating and the quality of bananas was evaluated over time. The ripening process was found to be delayed for a significant amount of time. The study also revealed increased anti‐oxidant activity based on absorbance changes of 2,2‐diphenyl‐1‐picrylhydrazyl, which correlated with the phytochemical content of the fruit.
Fully in tensor computation manner: one‐shot dense 3D structured light and beyond
Authors: Chen Xuan‐Li , Van Gool Luc
Published: December 2020

Tensor computation evolves fast towards a prosperous existence in recent years, e.g. PyTorch. An immediate advantage of using tensor computation is that one does not need to implement low‐level parallelism to attain efficient computation, which is of simplicity for both research and application development. The authors began with discovering that a simple manoeuvre ‘tensor shift’ could perform neighbourhood manipulation in very efficient parallel manner. Based on ‘tensor shift’, they derive the tensor version of a renowned correspondence search algorithm: semi‐global matching (SGM), which they prefix the name as tensor‐SGM. To evaluate their idea, they build‐up a novel and practical one‐shot structured light 3D acquisition system, which yields state‐of‐art reconstruction results using off‐the‐shelf hardware. This is the first fully tensorised 3D reconstruction system published to the authors’ best knowledge, and it opens new possibilities. A major one is, in the same tensorised framework, they solved the pattern interfering problem which hinders multi‐structured light systems from working together. This part is marked as ‘beyond’ in this study to avoid confusing the readers the spotlight: the fully tensorised 3D structured light framework.
Environmental quality of marginal territories using comparative analysis of fluctuating asymmetry methods and determining the area of leaf damage
Authors: Lugovskoy Aleksander , Gildenskiold Sergey , Krylova Tatjana , Fomina Nina
Published: December 2020

The paper assess marginal and control territories within the Moscow Metropolitan area using a comparative analysis of fluctuating asymmetry method and determining the area of leaf damage to obtain a comprehensive assessment of the territory from the point of view of human habitation with minimal comfort parameters within the sensitivity of plants. The results of the combined analysis of two methods are obtained, which confirm the possibility of their use and the representativeness of the results obtained in assessing the comfort of the environment. The assessment of the quality of the environment in marginal territories was made by quantitative and qualitative indicators for the rational use of land resources, their involvement in economic turnover with the creation of favorable conditions for ensuring the flow of social processes of territorial development and comfortable life support of the population. It was proposed that socially-oriented infrastructure, leisure facilities, and social and cultural facilities have been formed in these territories with a sufficiently large and diverse number of types and forms of employment for the population, which should become the basis for the development of marginal territories.
Device and Method of Formation of Porous Nutritional Coating on Seeds
Authors: Kubeev Ermat , Smelilk Viktor
Published: December 2020

Modern technologies for applying artificial shells are based on the principles of rolling or granulating with subsequent drying. This technology does not allow to get a gas - permeable porous shell, which often leads to the death of seeds during the formation of the shell, storage and transportation, and slow growth at the early stages of plant development. The aim of the research is to develop a new method and device for pre-sowing treatment of agricultural seeds, which can increase their germination, germination energy and ensure crop growth. A distinctive feature of the new method is that the shell is formed not by rolling, but by molding around the seed, followed by drying in a soft mode. This will form a porous, gas-permeable structure around the seed. Based on the mathematical description of the processes occurring during the introduction of seeds into the nutrient medium, the design calculations and calculations made a laboratory stand for the study of the seeds coating with a protective and nutritious shell, which consists of a mixing, sealing and seeding nodes. A series of experiments was conducted to study the operation of the stand in various modes. Optimal operating modes are identified.
Immunobiotics mechanisms of action and prospects of use in veterinary medicine
Authors: Refeld Aleksandr , Bogdanova Anna , Prazdnova Evgeniya , Beskopylny Alexey , Olshevskaya Anastasiya , Maltseva Tatyana , Zubtsov Vladislav
Published: December 2020

Probiotics are becoming more and more common means of combating intestinal diseases of various origins: infectious pathologies, chronic inflammation, autoimmune disorders. The complex action, coupled with low side effects, makes probiotics promising drugs, especially in veterinary medicine, with an increasing trend towards the inefficient use of antibiotics in the livestock industry. One of the main mechanisms of probiotics action - modulation of host immunity - is perhaps the most difficult and, at the same time, the most actively studied since it is crucial for therapy. Immunobiotics (probiotics that modulate the host's immune response) interact with various innate and adaptive immune cells, changing the expression of pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines. This action is provided by both the cellular components of probiotic microorganisms and their metabolites and is primarily associated with the host's immunocompetent cells' pattern-recognition receptors, although other molecular mechanisms also exist. This review aims to briefly describe both the molecular mechanisms of immunomodulation by probiotics and the prospects for their use in veterinary medicine.
Morphofunctional changes assessment in newborn piglets in early postnatal ontogenesis complicated by isoimmunization symptoms
Authors: Agarkov Alexander , Dmitriev Anatoly , Agarkov N , Shulunova A , Sidelnikov A
Published: December 2020

It is known that the pathological course of pregnancy is associated with a violation in the mutually dependent complex “mother-fetus” and leads to specific clinical consequences at the molecular-cellular, tissue, organ, organismic and population levels of the organization. Pathogenic action mechanism of the isoimmunization effect is very complex and still remains insufficiently deciphered. However, changes in the system of organs responsible for adaptation and survival play an important role in the pathogenesis of morphofunctional disorders associated with isoimmunization. Therefore, in farms where the fact of isoimmunization state is established, it is necessary to pay special attention to the creation of conditions that contribute to the normalization of the functional systems of adaptation of newborn animals. The material for research was the lungs, intestines, kidneys, and thymus. Only fresh material was examined. Samples up to 0.5 cm thick were taken for histological examination after forced slaughter. Fixation was performed with a neutral aqueous 10% formalin solution. Histological sections 4-6 microns thick were made from the obtained paraffin blocks, which were stained with hematoxylin and eosin for review purposes. When describing the morphofunctional state of organs, the structure, cellular composition, and condition of blood vessels were observed. Isoimmunization of sows during pregnancy is manifested by a characteristic clinical and morphological complex that differs from other infectious and non-infectious diseases. The most characteristic pathomorphological signs are: hypoplasia, delayed differentiation, dystrophic changes in the respiratory, digestive, urinary systems and organs of immunogenesis.
Evaluation of the company's organizational culture
Authors: Fokina Olga , Krupnov Yuri
Published: December 2020

The article considers the possibility of applying Western methods of assessing organizational culture for the analysis of Russian companies. The question is raised about the different perception of organizational culture by management and performers. The authors show the need to simplify the methods for the initial assessment by the company's management. The article proposes questionnaires for assessing the elements of organizational culture in two formats, for managers and for performers. The methodology was tested on the example of a construction company, which has a wide gap in communications and geographical location between administrative employees and construction workers.
Evaluation of the effectiveness of business ideas for innovation at an early stage of development
Authors: Chernegov Nikolay , Anichkina Olga , Shlenov Yury , Poletaeva Larisa , Tatochenko Irina
Published: December 2020

The urgency of evaluating business ideas at the initial formation stage has been substantiated. The main approaches to assessing innovative solutions in high-risk conditions, changing technological, organizational, informational and other factors are considered. An algorithm for creating a system for evaluating business ideas is proposed, including criteria for evaluating them at a qualitative level, and then evaluating them using a point scale. The choice of these criteria is substantiated. It is concluded that it is necessary to determine the weight of each criterion in the system for evaluating business ideas. Taking into account the peculiarities of a number of business ideas and their different effectiveness, the system can be supplemented, and the criteria themselves can be revised and adjusted. It has been established that the scores for each criterion can also be calculated more accurately. It is noted that for a more complete implementation of the proposed algorithm for constructing a model, applied developments will become a further direction of the authors' research. The result will be a universal method for assessing the effectiveness of business ideas, based on the use of the most general criteria for technological development.
Model for ensuring strategic security of the state
Authors: Arkhipov Eduard , Krokhicheva Galina , Mezentseva Iulia , Sidorina Tatyana
Published: December 2020

The article is devoted to the state strategic security ensuring study in current realities. In modern conditions the operational, tactical and strategic activities of the legal relationship subject occur in a difficult economic situation, which depends on the external and internal conditions of the legal relationship subject’s life, thus, uncertainty and risks i.e. an integral part of a market economy is the most important factor influencing the relevant decisions’ adoption in order to ensure the state’s economic security in general and business security in particular. For the purpose of effectively ensuring the state strategic security in current realities, the authors developed and proposed a special model for ensuring the strategic security of the state, which allows taking into account the parameters of the external and internal environment with an emphasis on strategic indicators in the context of space and time, interests and priorities of legal entities and mechanisms, methods, and means of influencing them, the area of possible strategic decisions and the control itself, i.e. the resulting factor determining the creation of the platform: the result, changes in resources, terms, responsible persons, result and ensuring the strategic security of the state.
Peculiarities of communicative behavior of the Chechen: emotional component
Authors: Muskhanova Isita , Bazaeva Fatima , Djamalkhanova Lalita , Yussupkhadjieva Tatyana
Published: December 2020

The article analyzes the features of Chechen communicative behavior in the context of the emotional component. It is noted that self-control dominates in the traditional communicative behavior of Chechens. Free expression of emotions in Chechen society is perceived as inappropriate, and suppression of emotions is characteristic of both men and women and belongs to one of the advantages of the Chechen mentality. It is concluded that the key idea of the communicative picture of the world of the Chechens is manifested in the model "yakh hilar - yukh lar yar" (honor to have - to keep a face), which determines their worldview and morality. The end-to-end line, expressing the emotional component of the communicative behavior of the Chechens - "sobar" (restraint, self-control)), considered in the following directions: everyday life - family, society - social etiquette, rituals - ritual etiquette).
Innovative understanding of the role of gender relations in anthroposociogenesis modern science
Authors: Eroshenko Tatyana , Melnik Anastasia
Published: December 2020

This article clarifies the role of the relationship between the sexes in the process of anthroposociogenesis. The source material is objectively limited. We rely on the ethnographic and archaeological material, which is analyzed in the works of historians and philosophers who worked, as a rule, within the materialist concept of anthroposociogenesis, i.e. the genesis of consciousness and society based on labor activity [B. Porshnev, S. Tokarev, Yu. Semenov, L. Feinberg, etc.]. The concepts that take into account the role of the sexual aspect, i.e. the fact of sexual dimorphism [Yu. Novozhenov and Yu. Borodai] are analyzed as well as a significant number of works by foreign ethnographers and psychologists, in which we find numerous private regulations directly or indirectly related to this issue [Dg. Fraser, L. Levi-Bruhl, K. Levi-Strauss, etc.]. The synergetic model of anthroposociogenesis plays an important role [N. Moiseev, A. Nazaretian, S. Kurdyumov, E. Knyazeva, etc.].
Man and History: Christianity in the system of historical relays and transmissions
Authors: Rupova Rozaliya , Bakhtin Maxim
Published: December 2020

Under the conditions of crisis and catastrophic events of the 20th century, a significant deepening of historiosophical thought took place, and attempts to create explanatory models of the historical development of society intensified. In the third millennium of the Christian era, new problems have already accumulated, requiring a new awareness of the culture-forming role of Christianity in modern conditions. Questions of understanding the historical process have been raised for many centuries, but at the present stage they are posed anew. A new perspective has appeared in the topic of comprehending history - the theology of history. In the tradition of Russian religious philosophy, it is associated with the names of N. Berdyaev and - especially - G. Florovsky. To this issue has been paid attention; new publications have been included. In addition, other approaches to understanding the historical process are considered in the work. The authors focus on the Christian tradition as a system of socio-historical relay races and broadcasts and the proposed systematic understanding of a person in his being in history and culture as part of this tradition. It is also shown that tradition as a historical phenomenon often becomes an object of ideological and political speculation and needs protection.
Ethnic and genetic factors associated with hostility of adolescents and young adults
Authors: Kruchkova Anna , Denisova Ekaterina , Kolenova Anastasia , Kukuliar Anna
Published: December 2020

The Last decades have witnessed elevated tension and conflicts in young people’s environment. There has been an increase in crime, terrorism, suicides, addictions, and other behavioral deviations among the young. Up to the 21st century, hostility was equated with aggression in its broad, non-differentiated sense. Today hostility is considered to be an inflexible and complex personality trait. Recent studies show that several genes can be viewed as genetic predictors of aggressiveness and hostility (Rodríguez-Ramos Á., Et al., 2019; Tkachenko O.N., 2016). The paper investigates the relationship between genotype and ethnicity as predisposing factors in manifesting hostile behavior. The study involved 320 participants - adolescents and young men of different ethnicity (Russians, Armenians, Dagestanis, Kabardians), aged from 12 to 19. Research methods: Buss-Durkee Hostility inventory (in the adaptation of Osnitsky A.K., 1998); isolation genomic DNA from buccal epithelial cells. Genotypes and alleles of the monoamine oxidase enzyme (MAOA) gene were considered as a candidate gene. Statistical analysis and data processing were performed using the PSPP 0.8 5. It was established that the low-active variant of the MAOA monoamine oxidase A gene (LPR) plays a significant role in determining the risk of hostile behavior. As far as the ethnic factor is concerned, low-level MAOA variants have significant differences in the populations of Russians compared with Dagestanis, or Kabardians. The results received contribute to understanding the relationships between genetics and behavior. It will help develop effective methods for the prevention of aggressive and hostile behavioral patterns.
University faculty motivation to students’ distant evaluation
Authors: Isaeva Tatiana , Malishevskaya Natalia , Cherkasova Lyubov’ , Kolesnichenko Al’vina
Published: December 2020

During the period of remote learning in Russia, caused by measures to combat coronavirus infection in 2020, many university professors realized that dissatisfaction with the quality of their teaching activities, the teaching methods and the conditions in education was carried out, significantly reduced their motivation to teaching activity. The analysis of scientific literature showed that there is a lack of research on the motivation of university faculty, which is explained by the public attitude towards the initially high motivation of professors and the lack of methodological tools for conducting research. We used the following research methods: competence-based and system-activity approaches, as well as several theories of motivation developed by Russian and foreign scientists. Realizing that faculty motivation is one of the main factors that can ensure high quality education through the introduction of advanced teaching technologies, the article presents the results of an empirical study that made it possible to determine four main groups of negative factors that affect faculty motivation to carry out distant evaluation of the students. The recommendations are formulated for the university faculty, educational and methodological departments and administration of universities, which can contribute to the growth or maintenance of the faculty motivation both in “face-to-face” and distant educational process.
Psychological and pedagogical support of the educational process of students with disabilities in the context of professional education
Authors: Kabushko Anna , Artemenko Olga , Kirillova Maria , Shipilova Eugenia , Andreeva Elena
Published: December 2020

The article presents theoretical and empirical approaches to the study of the process of psychological and pedagogical support of the educational process of students with disabilities in the context of professional education. The article considers theoretical approaches to the definition of "psychological and pedagogical support", its content aspects, due to the specifics of the construction of the educational process with students with disabilities. It is shown that changes in the educational process of students with disabilities often relate not so much to technological and organizational and methodological aspects as social and psychological ones. A program for accompanying students with disabilities in the context of professional pedagogical education is presented on the example of the Stavropol State Pedagogical Institute.
Psychological features of the lawyer’s training in the field of the administration of justice
Authors: Kovaleva Anastasiya , Volkonskaya Olga , Rodina Viktoriya
Published: December 2020

As part of this work, a study was conducted on the specificity of psychological aspects in the work of lawyers, which allowed the authors to identify a number of difficulties faced by law graduates after completing their studies. The authors come to the conclusion that the traditional system of training young lawyers used for this period of time does not fully respond to the needs of the labor market in its psychological component. The formation of psychological knowledge and skills of law graduates requires new information methods of training.
Applying the war historical re-enactment method in teaching historical painting
Authors: Suzdaltsev Yevgeny , Khromenkov Peter , Chistov Pavel , Pavelyeva Irina
Published: December 2020

Being an artist is not enough to make a piece of historical art. This requires a study, the deliverables of which allow creating a scientifically reliable composition. To put it otherwise, an artwork brought into existence in such a way can be created on an interdisciplinary basis, and it is not until then that it becomes educational. A study used in the educational process considerably increases the degree of professional competence of students. The authors of this article, being professors at the Fine Arts and Folk Crafts Department, Moscow Region State University, have employed a range of research methods as the basic ones. These include war historical re-enactment, case review of its research and organization in modern social and cultural settings, modeling and forecasting deliverables of students‘ artistic activities when creating historical paintings, and the method of expert evaluation. In order to trial war historical re-enactment as an academic research method together with the Department‘s students, art and research project “Neuchatel‘s Battalion at the Battle of Wagram” has been launched across the curriculum. The project incorporates stages of joint research and artistic work of academicians and students. During the project, a mechanism of inter-knowledge interaction is formed in the minds of students, which allows students to acquire historical knowledge about the Neuchatel battalion, Battle of Wagram, uniforms worn during the Napoleonic Wars, and the work of battle painters. Based on the above, the students acquire metadisciplinary skills they employ to create themed art in terms of traditional battle paintings by Alexander Averyanov, Peter von Hess, and Louis-Francois Lejeune. We have summarized the experience of employing the war historical re-enactment method in teaching students historical painting. It is reflected in the study guide students use to study military garments worn in the early 19th century and create themed works of art. Its contents are recommended for both teachers and students studying art to create student artworks consistent with traditional battle paintings.
Interactive methods of teaching as a way of organizing educational activities in mathematics for students of various profiles at the level of general secondary education
Authors: Rassudovskaya Maria , Gran Tatiana , Sereda Tatiana , Platonova Darya
Published: December 2020

At the present stage of the development of society, there is a need for new personnel ready for self-development and lifelong education. New social requests influenced the development of education, which led to the need to develop new, innovative approaches to the organization of educational activities of students. One of the areas of innovation has been the use of interactive methods in training. The purpose of the study described in the article is to determine the feasibility and advisability of using interactive methods to organize learning activities in mathematics for students of various profiles at the level of general secondary education.
Place of demonstration experiment in geography lessons
Authors: Lugovskoy Aleksander , Gildenskiold Sergey , Volgin Aleksander , Krylov Petr
Published: December 2020

In accordance with the standards of education for the development of cognitive activity and creative abilities, to work with a large amount of information and interact in a group, the paper suggests using the possibilities of a demonstration experiment in all courses of physical geography. In accordance with the standards of education for improving the quality of students’ knowledge, developing their cognitive activity, creative abilities, the mechanism of forming positive motivation in the process of independent activity in the acquisition of new knowledge and creative approach to the learning process is shown. The conducted pedagogical research on the selection of the content and forms of organization of the demonstration experiment showed the possibility of forming critical thinking in students on the basis of experimental activities in geography lessons. A wide introduction of a demonstration experiment that brings the quality of the lesson and extracurricular work to a new level with the provision of differentiation and individualization of the learning process is proposed.
Education as a socio-cultural construction of a person: problems and prospects
Authors: Danilova Marina , Plotnikov Napoleon
Published: December 2020

Relevance of the topic of work. The problem of worldview factors of social stability has a high degree of relevance in modern society. As part of the work, its aspect is revealed as the possibility of the impact of education on the worldview, depending on the way the educational process is organized. The purpose of the study is the disclosure of the specificity and role of education as a tool for the formation of personal qualities of members of society. Materials and methods. During the preparation of the article, classical scientific methods of analysis, abstraction, and comparison, and synthesis, structural-functional and systemic approaches were applied. The results of the study are related to the analysis of the main constituent elements of the educational process and their actual representation. The study identified key factors in the implementation of the educational function of education related both to the structure of educational programs and to the moment of their demand on the part of students. For discussion, it is proposed to consider the dilemma associated with the choice of priorities of the educational process in the context of a contradiction between the interests of individual students and public interests. Key findings and their significance. In the process of research, the importance of education as a mechanism for shaping the worldview was determined. The social risks associated with this process are identified, and key opportunities for improving the effectiveness of the humanitarian component of the educational process in modern society are identified.
On the possibility of measuring the level of articulatory skills
Authors: Vasilevich Aleksandr , Funtova Irina
Published: December 2020

The article dwells upon the possibility to assess quantitative evaluation of the level of articulatory skills. The rapidity and correct pronunciation of letter combinations, as well as the placement of verbal accents in the course of reading a coherent text, are subject to quantitative assessment. A procedure is proposed in which the subject reads aloud a standard text, and then a text, which includes a number of unfamiliar words (quasi-words). As a result, the subject’s pronunciation competence is estimated quantitatively (on a 100-point scale). The validity of the proposed procedure is checked by testing groups of subjects with varying levels of language training, as well as by data from a similar survey in Russian. Recommendations are given on the use of the procedure described. Besides, the experiment allowed us to point out the common mistakes made by the students. These mistakes concerned the rules of reading some letters and letter combinations, placing the primary and secondary stresses in polysyllabic words, as well as tertiary stresses in compound nouns. We considered both phonological mistakes which lead to misunderstanding, and non-phonological ones which distort words and make them difficult to understand in the process of communication.
The psychology of ustoychivost': a conceptual model of human ustoychivost'
Authors: Kazankov Vyacheslav
Published: December 2020

The article presents the author’s approach to understanding the conceptual model of a person ustoychivost', which is based on such concepts as “stability” and “resistance”. Two hypotheses of the exploring are considered. Hypothesis 1: the conceptual model of human ustoychivost’ is based on the concepts "stability" and "resistance", which define the semantic load of the concept "person ustoychivost'". Hypothesis 2: a conceptual model of human ustoychivost' can be created and described if it is based on the psychophysiological, psychological, and psychosocial levels of the organization of human life. In a psychological sense, the author’s definition of ustoychivost’ is formulated: Person ustoychivost’ is his ability to retain health at the psychophysiological, psychological, and psychosocial levels of life under the influence of destroyers. The article presents the ustoychivost’ scale, which can be used as an express assessment of ustoychivost’. The scale is divided into three zones: middle zone - "stability" zone and two extreme zones - "resistance" zones. Among the results, 14 criteria of ustoychivost’ should be singled out, which were identified by respondents (n = 1200) when evaluating their ustoychivost’. The results of the experiment and explanations for them are also presented. Ustoychivost’ author’s conceptual model is presented in conclusion.
Dominant values of professional development education spaces of cross-border regions in the aspect of postmodernism
Authors: Bulankina Nadezhda , Malahova Natalja , Egorova Ekaterina , Seredintseva Anna , Tsybaneva Valentina
Published: December 2020

Based on an extensive review of the current literature and research in terms of axiological approach, this article considers the strategies of post-modernism pluralistic concepts of socio-culture spaces, and discusses the ideas of andragogy supporting the value sphere of the individual of pedagogues, FLT teachers, who are responsible for the creative education development spaces in the classrooms. As a result of the study the authors present a comprehensive model of course design elements as a theory for guiding the use of new technologies in distance education through culture-oriented pedagogical strategies and activities. In conclusion there discussed some of the fruitful examples of the Tutorials in a polyculture & polylingua situation and event spaces of cross-border regions of Russia, in terms of mentoring and fostering a culure-determined learning and a self-determining individual.
Criteria for assessing the professional qualities of a forensic expert in the context of improving Russian legal proceedings
Authors: Zatona Roman , Ryabko Natalia
Published: December 2020

It is difficult to overestimate the importance of forensic expertise for resolving issues that arise during the consideration of criminal, civil, administrative and arbitration cases. It is frequently the level of professionalism and expertise of the specialist that determines whether the law is applied correctly and fairly, and whether the criminal is punished as he or she deserves. However, can everyone bear such responsibility? In this paper, the authors attempted to analyze the requirements traditionally imposed on the personality of a forensic expert, as well as to identify criteria for the eligibility of a person to perform such duties.
System of technological support for continuous environmental education (by the example of the Altai republic)
Authors: Arbusova Elena , Oparin Roman , Petrov Anatoliy , Efimova Tatjana
Published: December 2020

This paper presents a concept of continuous environmental education that has a generic nature but was considered in the context of one particular region — the Republic of Altai. The work also presents a structural-functional model of the system of technological support of the continuous environmental education of secondary school students. The model of the system mentioned above is based on the results of theoretical, methodological and practical research as well as on its experimental verification. The system is based on the principle of environmental education with its substantive, regulatory and procedural functions. The study has confirmed the assumption about the necessity of this concept and proved its effectiveness in terms of developing a technology for continuous environmental education in the region. This concept was adopted by the Government of the Altai Republic and became the theoretical and methodological basis of this technology. The concept of environmental education in the Republic of Altai proposed allows observing the entire educational process and taking into account the connections between all functional structures most fully, since all of them are based on systematic, activity, reflexive, synergetic, resource, cultural approaches. The concept creates a theoretical basis for solving an important practical problem — the scientific substantiation of the didactic basis of environmental education. The investigation performed helps explain the essence and predict the development of complex processes in the field of education. The research allows using the experience of theoretical substantiation of the introduction of didactic provisions to the rank of teaching principles and experience in developing their "instrumentality" (the method of application) in the form of content, normative and procedural didactic functions. Also, this research allows building a concept that creates a theoretical basis for solving important practical problems in the education system and using the experience of revealing the deeper content of previously known pedagogical concepts, enabling the identification of their new core features.