bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Advancing regional innovation systems: What does evolutionary economic geography bring to the policy table?
Authors: Coenen Lars , Asheim Bjørn , Bugge Markus M , Herstad Sverre J
Published: May 2016

The evolutionary turn in economic geography has shed new light on historically contingent regional preconditions for innovation and economic growth, which has the potential of improving the analytical input to regional innovation system approaches. Evolutionary economic geography has renewed interest in and sharpened the conceptual lens on firms, their organizational routines and knowledge bases as well as the long-term, self-sustaining development dynamics, which may arise from their co-location in regions. At the same, it has been pointed out that an overreliance on imported evolutionary frameworks (such as Nelson and Winter’s theory of the firm and their lack of an explicit social ontology) may lead to a ‘theoretical relegation’ of institutions and agency. It seems also that the policy agenda of evolutionary economic geography has remained largely implicit. In comparison, regional innovation system has been developed in closer interaction with policy-makers and has been used widely as a framework for the design, implementation and evaluation of regional innovation policies in a variety of countries and regions. The purpose of this article is to critically investigate what evolutionary economic geography brings to the policy table, and how this potentially can advance a regional innovation systems approach. The article specially focuses on how this may improve the capacity of policies based on a regional innovation system framework to support new path development (i.e. path renewal and path creation) to secure regional resilience.
Boycotts as moral protests in Malaysia and Singapore
Authors: Mohamed Nasir Kamaludeen
Published: May 2016

This article examines boycott movements in Malaysia and Singapore as expressions of popular Islam, with the Israeli–Gaza conflicts of 2008 and 2014 as case studies. The study of Muslims in Malaysia and Singapore is important for a number of reasons. First, it highlights the complexities of the global discourse on boycotting among Muslim communities. It not only shows the degree of the Muslims’ collective action on the ground but also the conversations among the elites. Second, it demonstrates the diverse manifestations of religiosity within differing socio-political conditions. Owing to their unique position as a minority population in a Sinicized environment, located in between Malay and Muslim dominated countries, Malaysia and Indonesia, Malay Muslims in Singapore are often juxtaposed against a barometer of the Malay Other. Music, movies, popular trends and terminologies coined across the Causeway often find their way into the everyday lexicon of Muslims in Singapore. While these popular cultural expressions might seem free flowing and amorphous, one cannot neglect the roles of states in influencing the practice of popular Islam.
Ordinary vertical urbanisms: City apartments and the everyday geographies of high-rise families
Authors: Nethercote Megan , Horne Ralph
Published: May 2016

In many new world cities, inner city apartment development proceeds at unprecedented rates. In dominant urban planning and property development discourses, new inner city dwellers are consumption-orientated young professionals and “empty nesters”—all similarly childless. Nonetheless, families make their homes in city apartments, and their experiences are not well understood. Meanwhile, within urban and political geography, new interest in verticality has directed attention to the changing urban topography and volumetric profile of cities. However, a topographic bias occludes the mundane, intensive relations that enervate these everyday lived spaces (i.e. ordinary topologies), while a fascination with spectacular urbanisms and cities in conflict neglects other “ordinary” vertical urbanisms. Drawing on a qualitative study of high-rise families in inner city Melbourne (Australia), this article responds both to calls for a more topological rendering of vertical urbanisms and the neglected experiences of vertical urban families. We detail the intimate and material geographies of high-rise family living and highlight how the topologies of high-rise living and the topographies of urban intensification projects intersect, including with benign and hopeful prospects for the contemporary city.
Clinical characteristics and risk factors for headache associated with non-functioning pituitary adenomas
Authors: Yu Bin , Ji Nan , Ma Yun , Yang Bao , Kang Peng , Luo Fang
Published: May 2016

Background

Headaches associated with pituitary adenoma have been reported to be related to the structural characteristics and endocrine factors of the tumour itself.

Objectives

The objective of this study was to investigate the prevalence and clinical characteristics of, and the risk factors for, non-functioning pituitary adenoma (NFPA)-associated headaches in Chinese patients with normal endocrine activity.

Methods

Ninety-seven patients with a NFPA with normal endocrine laboratory results were prospectively enrolled in this study. The relevant clinical demographic data were collected and examined with the appropriate statistical methods.

Results

The pre-operative prevalence of tumour-associated headaches was 48.5%; 87.2% of these patients had migraine-like headaches. A family history of primary headache (odds ratio (OR) 3.67; p = 0.032) and a higher tumour Knosp grade (OR 1.83; p = 0.001) were identified as risk factors for the occurrence of NFPA-associated headaches. The patient’s age, sex, visual disturbances, optic chiasm compression, tumour size and tumour volume were not significantly associated with NFPA-associated headaches ( p > 0.05). In addition, headache severity was significantly correlated with the Knosp grade ( r = 0.339; p = 0.001). The sides of the headaches and of cavernous sinus invasion were significantly concordant (48.9% agreement; κ = 0.257; p = 0.007).

Conclusions

Migraine-like headaches are a common clinical manifestation in patients with NFPAs. A family history of primary headaches and cavernous sinus invasion are risk factors for NFPA-associated headaches.
Reliability and repeatability of testing visual evoked potential habituation in migraine: A blinded case–control study
Authors: Ambrosini Anna , Coppola Gianluca , Iezzi Ennio , Pierelli Francesco , Schoenen Jean
Published: May 2016

Background

Many studies have shown that migraine patients have an interictal habituation deficit of visual evoked potentials (VEPs). Some discordant results were attributed to non-blinded analyses and a lack of repeatability.

Aims

In this study, we compared blinded and non-blinded analyses of the same recordings and assessed test–retest repeatability.

Methods

VEP recordings of 25 healthy volunteers (HVs) and 78 episodic migraine patients (EMs; 52 interictal, 26 ictal) were analysed by two investigators, one of whom was blinded to diagnosis and headache phase. Twelve HVs and nine EMs had two recordings for test repeatability.

Results

In both blinded and non-blinded analyses, VEP habituation was normal in HVs and EMs during an attack, but deficient in EMs interictally. Intra-individual habituation percentages were highly correlated in two recordings separated by ≥7 days.

Conclusions

The studies showing a VEP habituation deficit in migraineurs between attacks are unlikely to be biased by non-blinding analysis or poor repeatability.
The association between COMT Val158Met polymorphism and migraine risk: A meta-analysis
Authors: Liao Yao-Jun , Jiang Jing-Ru , Jin San-Qing
Published: May 2016

Background

The COMT Val158Met polymorphism has long been regarded as a risk factor for migraine. The possible association between COMT Val158Met polymorphism and migraine has been evaluated in several studies, but the results are not consistent. Therefore, we conduct this meta-analysis to address these issues.

Methods

The WEB OF SCIENCE and EMBASE databases were searched for eligible studies. The odds ratio (OR) with the corresponding 95% confidence interval (CI) was calculated to estimate the strength of the association between COMT Val158Met polymorphism and migraine.

Results

Five studies with 979 cases and 1870 controls were ultimately included in the present meta-analysis. The overall data showed no significant association between COMT Val158Met polymorphism and migraine in the multiplicative model (OR = 0.97, 95% CI: 0.78–1.21, p = 0.805) and dominant model (OR = 1.05, 95% CI: 0.75–1.48, p = 0.773), neither in the additive model (OR = 0.97, 95% CI: 0.77–1.23, p = 0.817) nor in the recessive model (OR = 0.88, 95% CI: 0.71–1.09, p = 0.246). In subgroup analysis, both for Caucasian and Asian populations, no statistically significant associations were observed in any genetic models.

Conclusions

Our meta-analysis suggested that the COMT Val158Met polymorphism was not associated with migraine risk.
Changes in Transcriptome-Wide Gene Expression of Anterior Cruciate Ligament Tears Based on Time From Injury
Authors: Brophy Robert H. , Tycksen Eric D. , Sandell Linda J. , Rai Muhammad Farooq
Published: May 2016

Background:

Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) tears are a common injury. The healing potential of the injured ACL is poorly understood and is considered limited. Therefore, most ACL tears that are treated surgically undergo reconstruction rather than repair. However, there has been renewed interest recently in repairing ACL tears despite unanswered questions regarding the healing capacity of the ACL.

Hypothesis:

Gene expression in the injured ACL varies with time from injury.

Study Design:

Descriptive laboratory study.

Methods:

Transcriptome-wide expression profiles of 24 human ACL remnants recovered at the time of surgical reconstruction were analyzed using the Agilent human 8x60K microarray platform. Gene ontology was performed on differentially expressed transcripts based on time from injury (acute, <3 months; intermediate, 3-12 months; chronic, >12 months). A subset of transcripts with large fold changes in expression between any 2 categories was validated via microfluidic digital polymerase chain reaction.

Results:

Numerous transcripts representing important biological processes were differentially expressed by time from injury. The most significant changes were noted between the acute and chronic groups. Expression of several extracellular matrix genes— namely, POSTN, COL5A1, COL1A1, and COL12A1—was lower in the chronic tears compared with acute and intermediate tears. In acute tears, processes representing angiogenesis and stem cell differentiation were affected. In intermediate tears, processes representing stem cell proliferation concomitant with cellular component organization/cellular localization were altered. In ACL tears more than 12 months out from injury, processes denoting myosin filament organization, cellular component organization/cell localization, and extracellular matrix organization were affected.

Conclusion:

These findings are consistent with initial repair activity in the injured ACL, which declines with time from injury. Individual genes identified in this study, such as periostin, deserve further investigation into their role in tissue repair.

Clinical Relevance:

The decreased healing capacity of ACL tears over time is relevant to the development of effective techniques for repairing ACL tears and may have some significance for ACL reconstruction techniques as well. The potential for healing appears to be greatest in acute ACL tears, suggesting this window should be the focus of research for ACL repair.
Arabian Oryx (Oryx leucoryx) Respond to Increased Ambient Temperatures with a Seasonal Shift in the Timing of Their Daily Inactivity Patterns
Authors: Davimes Joshua G. , Alagaili Abdulaziz N. , Gravett Nadine , Bertelsen Mads F. , Mohammed Osama B. , Ismail Khairy , Bennett Nigel C. , Manger Paul R.
Published: May 2016

The Arabian oryx inhabits an environment where summer ambient temperatures can exceed 40 °C for extended periods of time. While the oryx uses a suite of adaptations that aid survival, the effects of this extreme environment on inactivity are unknown. To determine how the oryx manages inactivity seasonally, we measured the daily rhythm of body temperature and used fine-grain actigraphy, in 10 animals, to reveal when the animals were inactive in relation to ambient temperature and photoperiod. We demonstrate that during the cooler winter months, the oryx was inactive during the cooler parts of the 24-h day (predawn hours), showing a nighttime (nocturnal) inactivity pattern. In contrast, in the warmer summer months, the oryx displayed a bimodal inactivity pattern, with major inactivity bouts (those greater than 1 h) occurring equally during both the coolest part of the night (predawn hours) and the warmest part of the day (afternoon hours). Of note, the timing of the daily rhythm of body temperature did not vary seasonally, although the amplitude did change, leading to a seasonal alteration in the phase relationship between inactivity and the body temperature rhythm. Because during periods of inactivity the oryx were presumably asleep for much of the time, we speculate that the daytime shift in inactivity may allow the oryx to take advantage of the thermoregulatory physiology of sleep, which likely occurs when the animal is inactive for more than 1 h, to mitigate environmentally induced increases in body temperature.
The Affordable Care Act
Authors: Kilgour John G.
Published: May 2016

This article reviews the salient features of the Affordable Care Act, the most important piece of health care reform legislation since the adoption of Medicare and Medicaid in 1965. It pays particular attention to Medicaid expansion, health benefit requirements, employer and individual mandates, the exchanges or marketplaces, subsidies, funding and the so-called Cadillac tax. The ACA had to be superimposed on an elaborate employment-based and government-augmented health benefit system that had grown and evolved since World War II. While far from perfect and in need of repair, the ACA may have been the best that could have been done under the circumstances. The article concludes with a discussion of the politics of amendment or repeal of the ACA.
Optimisation of tool path for wood machining on CNC machines
Authors: Petrovic A , Lukic L , Ivanovic S , Pavlovic A
Published: May 2016

Peripheral pocket or contour milling in wood machining, using flat end milling tool, can be performed with different tool paths. Technology designers of multi axis CNC wood machining use their experience and intuition to choose some of the options offered by CAM systems that determine the final shape of tool path, thus the generated tool path largely depend on individual judgment. Minimum cutting force, maximum dynamic stability of the process and minimum tool wear are achieved, or some other technological requirements are met, by using optimal tool path. Tool path optimisation is based on analysis of possible tool paths and determination of cutting parameters which are dependable of chosen tool path and are affecting the main wood processing factors. Axial and radial depth of cut, engagement angle, feed and feed rate profile are identified as key parameters dependable of tool path, and their values and variations along the tool path influence the cutting speed, tool wear and cutting force. Knowledge of values and changes of those key machining parameters along the tool path is necessary for simulation and monitoring of the main cutting factors during the wood machining process. NC code transformation methodology and generation of tool path parameters necessary for calculating all elements needed for tool movement simulation from given NC programs are shown. Blank and tool mathematical description are used with tool movement information for simulation of wood machining process. Simulation of cutting parameters and their variation along the tool path, presented in this paper, can be used as bases for development of methodology for choosing the most adequate tool path for wood machining of given contour considering minimum cutting force and cutting force variation, minimum tool wear, maximum productivity or some other criteria.
The Missing-Phoneme Effect in Aural Prose Comprehension
Authors: Saint-Aubin Jean , Klein Raymond M. , Babineau Mireille , Christie John , Gow David W.
Published: May 2016

When participants search for a target letter while reading for comprehension, they miss more instances if the target letter is embedded in frequent function words than in less frequent content words. This phenomenon, called the missing-letter effect, has been considered a window on the cognitive mechanisms involved in the visual processing of written language. In the present study, one group of participants read two texts for comprehension while searching for a target letter, and another group listened to a narration of the same two texts while listening for the target letter’s corresponding phoneme. The ubiquitous missing-letter effect was replicated and extended to a missing-phoneme effect. Item-based correlations between the reading and listening tasks were high, which led us to conclude that both tasks involve cognitive processes that reading and listening have in common and that both processes are rooted in psycholinguistically driven allocation of attention.
Continuity and change in joint regulation in Europe: Structural reforms and collective bargaining in manufacturing
Authors: Koukiadaki Aristea , Távora Isabel , Lucio Miguel Martínez
Published: May 2016

This article introduces seven national studies which examine the impact of austerity measures on collective bargaining in manufacturing in the European Union (EU) countries most affected by the crisis. We explore the changing dynamics in the relationships between domestic actors in the period leading up to the crisis and the influence of supranational actors thereafter. Austerity measures have undermined the structure, process, content and outcomes of collective bargaining, though the nature and degree of changes are conditioned by path-dependent factors of each national system.
Nuclear power debate and public opinion in Belarus: From Chernobyl to Ostrovets
Authors: Novikau Aliaksandr
Published: May 2016

The Belarusian government’s decision of the last decade to build a nuclear power plant near the city of Ostrovets, in northern Belarus, has proven to be controversial, resulting in a great deal of debate about nuclear energy in the country. The debate was inevitably shaped by the traumatic event that affected Belarus – the Chernobyl nuclear accident of 1986. The Belarusian authorities have consistently promoted a positive view of nuclear energy to the population in order to overcome the so-called ‘Chernobyl syndrome’ and deliberately shaped nuclear risk communication. As a result, the issue of trust remains crucial in all nuclear debates in Belarus.
Bangladesh Liberation War of 1971: Narratives, Impacts and the Actors
Authors: Ranjan Amit
Published: May 2016

Both the Bangladesh state and society are yet to settle the questions over and narratives related to the Liberation War of 1971. Broadly, there are two groups with contradictory and conflicting interpretations of the events related to that war. This has also led to the mushrooming of militant groups in the country. The beginning of trial of perpetrators of Liberation War crimes since 2010 and the execution of a few of the leaders has further polarised the society and politics of Bangladesh. The existing debates over the Bangladesh Liberation War cannot be studied without looking into the roles of India and Pakistan. The two countries have their own interpretations and political fallout of the 1971 liberation war.
Glioblastoma with oligodendroglioma component in a ewe
Authors: Pintus Davide , Marruchella Giuseppe , Masia Mariangela , Maestrale Caterina , Cancedda Maria Giovanna , Contu Claudia , Macciocu Simona , Ligios Ciriaco
Published: May 2016

Herein we describe a glioblastoma partially occupying the telencephalic portion of the left cerebral hemisphere of a Sardinian (syn. Sarda) breed ewe. Microscopically, the mass consisted of a pleomorphic spindle-shaped cell component organized as bundles and numerous small areas of round cells displaying an oligodendroglioma-like aspect. A high number of mitotic figures, large areas of necrosis surrounded by pseudopalisading glial cells, and multiple foci of dystrophic mineralization were also observed. The neoplasm was highly vascularized with glomerular vascular proliferation. Immunohistochemically, neoplastic cells proved to be strongly positive for nestin, vimentin, and olig-2, whereas they were invariably negative for synaptophysin. Few neoplastic cells and reactive astrocytes, mainly located at the edge of necrotic foci, proved to be positive for glial fibrillary acidic protein, whereas glomerular vascular proliferation was clearly positive for factor VIII and vascular endothelial growth factor. Gene sequencing analysis demonstrated homozygous p53 tumor suppressor gene ( TP53) point mutations in the DNA-binding domain located in exon 8. The presence of round cells immunoreactive for olig-2 demonstrated that this tumor is a glioblastoma with oligodendroglioma component. Our pathologic, immunohistochemical, and molecular findings largely overlap those previously reported in humans and dogs.
Detection of multiple viral infections in cattle and buffalo with suspected vesicular disease in Brazil
Authors: Laguardia-Nascimento Mateus , Sales Érica Bravo , Gasparini Marcela Ribeiro , de Souza Natália Mendes , da Silva Josiane Aparecida Gonçalina , Souza Giovana Gonçalves , Carani Fernanda Rezek , dos Santos Alyane Figueiredo , Rivetti Júnior Anselmo Vasconcelos , Camargos Marcelo Fernandes , Fonseca Júnior Antônio Augusto
Published: May 2016

Vesicular diseases are of high importance for livestock, primarily because of foot-and-mouth disease (FMD), which is a high-morbidity disease that generates direct losses caused by low milk production, weight loss, and indirect losses because of the need for sanitary barriers. Other vesicular diseases are also of importance for livestock because of direct impacts or because their clinical signs may be confused with those of FMD. We report herein the detection of multiple infections in cattle with suspected vesicular disease in the Brazilian states of Amazonas (AM), Mato Grosso (MT), and Roraima. Thirty-seven epithelial samples from cattle and 1 sample from a buffalo were sent to the laboratory for testing for FMDV and similar disease agents. All samples from MT were positive for parapoxvirus ( Pseudocowpox virus and Bovine papular stomatitis virus). In addition, 3 samples were positive for Bluetongue virus, and 5 samples were positive for Bovine herpesvirus 1. Among these samples, 1 was positive for all of these 3 agents. Only 2 samples from AM were negative for parapoxvirus. The molecular tests conducted in this study detected multiple infections, with a high prevalence of parapoxvirus.
Reciprocity of linear systems with smart materials utilized for precise measurement techniques
Authors: Marschner Uwe , Pfeifer Günther , Starke Eric
Published: May 2016

In electromechanical measurement techniques, passive transducers and passive electrical networks often interact. In some applications, continua are considered as part of the system, where fields are formed and waves are propagated. In this article, networks, continua, and electromechanical transducers feature sufficient amplitude linear behavior in their environment (e.g. for operation around a bias) and are reciprocal. In addition, all elements of the system have constant parameters during the measurement. Then, the skillful application of the inherent reciprocity of these systems can lead to surprisingly useful benefits. This is shown by actual examples from metrology. The examples include the precise determination of transduction coefficients. It is also shown how the linearity of a system is checked by utilizing reciprocity relations. Although the facts of the matter are well known, its potential is often overlooked or disregarded in measurement techniques.
Using an agent-based model to study the effect of reproductive skew on mongoose populations
Authors: Akman Olcay , Hrozencik Dan , Mowry Stacy
Published: May 2016

Reproductive skew is the unequal partitioning of breeding within social groups. Mating hierarchies emerge wherein one dominant mating pair holds an unproportional majority of the group’s reproductive benefit, while other members mate infrequently, yet allocate energy and resources toward the offspring of the dominant group members. In this paper, we use an agent-based model, which mimics mongoose populations, to investigate the effect of reproductive skew, specifically how reproductive skew affects how quickly individuals can become adapted to their environment. The results of the model show that reproductive skew does increase the rate of natural selection, which has possible practical implications in conservation biology.
Internationalized Intersectional Experiential Learning Environments That Go Beyond U.S. Contexts
Authors: Branson Ashley , Cardona Betty , Ng Kok-Mun , Killian Thomas
Published: May 2016

Despite significant growth and development of the counseling profession, there continues to be less emphasis placed upon systemically oriented training and counseling approaches that consider international contexts. Experts have identified a need to tailor culturally congruent couples and family-based approaches to specific international sociocultural contexts, and therefore couples, marriage, and family counselors in training (CMFC-ITs) need to be better prepared to collaborate with clients from diverse backgrounds and cultures. Intersectional experiential learning environments are suggested as a means to encourage students to consider how they might approach couples and family counseling in diverse international contexts. Experiential learning environments have the potential to promote knowledge, cross-cultural awareness, and skill acquisition for CMFC-Its, while simultaneously advancing dialogue regarding the training and practice of systems-based international counseling approaches through collaboration with international experts, local practitioners, educators, and cultural insiders. A case example of an intersectional experiential learning environment is provided to assist counselor educators in tailoring and coconstructing experiential learning environments appropriate to their contextual circumstances.
The Relation Between Parentification and Dating Communication
Authors: Madden Amber R. , Shaffer Anne
Published: May 2016

The present study examined the relationship between reports of childhood parentification, current romantic relationship constructive communication, and adult attachment-related cognitions in 57 college participants. Results from analyses indicated that childhood emotional parentification was negatively associated with constructive communication and positively correlated with young adult avoidant and anxious attachment-related cognitions. Multiple mediation analyses revealed that anxious attachment-related beliefs were shown to have a significant indirect effect on the relationship between emotional parentification and romantic dyadic constructive communication. Clinical implications of the current findings are discussed.
Behind the mask: women in television news
Authors: North Louise
Published: May 2016

The characteristics and lived experiences of women who work in television news in Australia have largely been overlooked in the field of journalism studies. This article, drawing on data from a larger project undertaken in 2012, focuses on 93 female respondents who identified as working in television news. It aims to provide a baseline study for further research by noting the characteristics and experiences of women who work in television news compared and contrasted with those women working in other news media platforms (newspapers, radio, wire services and online). While there are similarities between the cohorts, women in television in Australia are typically younger, earn more money and perceive greater gender equity in their workplaces. They do, however, experience higher levels of sexual harassment in the newsroom, although many appear to be resilient to its personal and professional ramifications.
Teaching dance in physical education using exergames
Authors: Gibbs Béatrice , Quennerstedt Mikael , Larsson Håkan
Published: May 2016

This article explores the different ways in which a dance exergame can be used to teach dance in upper secondary school physical education. Particular attention is paid to the learning processes that students are involved in when the dance game is used as a teaching resource. A socio-cultural perspective on learning constitutes the analytical framework. The study demonstrates three different uses: instructor, facilitator and inspirer. In relation to these uses the students are involved in the following learning processes: learning by imitating, repeating, communicating, negotiating, instructing, modelling and using metaphors. It is argued that dance exergames can be used pedagogically to teach dance because they focus on the moves and steps and allow the teacher to focus on observing, supporting, assigning tasks and providing feedback.
Death in the family revisited: Ritual expression and controversy in a Creole transnational mortuary sphere
Authors: van der Pijl Yvon
Published: May 2016

On the basis of an ethnographic analysis of the ritual process following the sudden death of a Surinamese migrant, this article shows that while the conceptual polarity of death (good versus bad death) might be clear-cut, the morality of death is both bound and unbound in space and time, and relative to the multiple conditions of bereaved relatives involved. Against the background of transnational migration, multi-territorial belonging, and individual self-making, the article explains the crisscrossing morality of death, and how ambiguity is manifested in ritual organization, arguing that mortuary rites express as much controversy and failure as cohesion and closure.
Discussion of ‘regularized regression for categorical data’ by Tutz and Gertheiss
Authors: Leng Chenlei
Published: May 2016

This is a discussion on the article ‘Regularized Regression for Categorical Data’ by Tutz and Gertheiss.
Quasi-State monopoly of the education system and socio-economic segregation in Argentina
Authors: Narodowski Mariano , Gottau Verónica , Moschetti Mauro
Published: May 2016

This paper analyses the provision of education in Argentina in systemic terms. Using the concept of quasi-monopoly and the notions of exit, voice and loyalty, we study the logic of organization and distribution of students within the educational system. We support the idea that the provision of private and public education makes a coherent whole, where the State plays an active role. We then evaluate the implications of this configuration on the Argentine system in terms of: (a) freedom of choice; (b) productive efficiency; (c) equity; and (d) social cohesion following Levin’s framework. We describe how the Argentine quasi-State monopoly system works as an important device of scarcity administration, increasing socio-economic segregation through its tendency to push the middle and upper-middle classes into private schooling while granting public schooling for the lowest income sectors. Finally, this article lays the foundation for the use of the quasi-State monopoly notion for the study of other educational systems.
“When in Rome, Use What You’ve Got”
Authors: Fernández-Morales Marta , Menéndez-Menéndez María Isabel
Published: May 2016

Drawing on the work of Lois McNay as a feminist extender of Foucault’s ideas about power and the possibility of resistance, this article offers a discussion of her theories of female agency as transferred onto Jenji Kohan’s TV adaptation of Piper Kerman’s prison autobiographical narrative Orange Is the New Black (2010). Situated within feminist epistemology, our approach is interdisciplinary, and we argue that the series is an instance of McNay’s neo-Foucauldian framework in practice, with her three dimensions of agency integrated in a critical discourse about life in women’s prisons. We contend that Kohan presents the protagonists as active subjects with potential for transformation. In our view, her narratives of resistance against the disciplinary practices of the institution can be read as political statements that promote consciousness-raising among viewers.
There Is No Such Thing as a Post-racial Prison
Authors: Belcher Christina
Published: May 2016

This article argues that Orange Is the New Black’s multiculturalist approach to diversity on television is indicative of the show’s inability and unwillingness to critique neoliberalism, and thus to effectively critique the prison industrial complex in the United States. It claims that because the women in prison genre demands a diverse set of characters, the show uses intraracial, class-based conflict to participate in a culture of “color blindness” on screen.
Immigration Politics and Partisan Realignment: California, Texas, and the 1994 Election
Authors: Monogan James E. , Doctor Austin C.
Published: May 2016

This article demonstrates how the party identification of various demographic groups in California and Texas changed in response to the gubernatorial campaigns of Pete Wilson and George W. Bush. Using aggregated time series of Field Poll, Texas Poll, and Gallup data, difference-in-differences results show that Wilson's embrace of Proposition 187 was followed by significant Hispanic movement toward the Democratic Party in California. Time series analysis substantiates that this action led to a long-term 7.1 percentage point Democratic shift among California's Hispanics. This suggests that state-level actors can influence partisan coalitions in their state, beyond what would be expected from national-level factors.
Copper, iron, and selenium dietary deficiencies negatively impact skeletal integrity: A review
Authors: Medeiros Denis M
Published: May 2016

Nutrients have been known to have a significant role in maintaining the health of the skeleton, both bone and cartilage. The nutrients that have received the majority of the attention are Vitamin D and calcium. However, limited attention has been directed toward three trace elements that may have mechanistic impact upon the skeletal tissues and could compromise skeletal health resulting from inadequate intakes of copper, iron, and selenium. The role of copper and selenium has been known, but the role of iron has only received recent attention. Copper deficiency is thought to impact bone health by a decrease in lysyl oxidase, a copper-containing enzyme, which facilitates collagen fibril crosslinking. Iron deficiency impact upon bone has only recently been discovered but the exact mechanism on how the deficient states enhance bone pathology is speculative. Selenium deficiency has an impact on cartilage thereby having an indirect impact on bone. However, several studies suggest that a mycotoxin when consumed by humans is the culprit in some cartilage disorders and the presence of selenium could attenuate the pathology. This review summarizes the current knowledge base with respect to skeletal integrity when each of these three trace elements are inadequate in diets of both animals and humans.
Planning for Floods at the University of Iowa
Authors: Connerly Charles , Laurian Lucie , Throgmorton James
Published: May 2016

Why does a large institution build in a flood-prone area and how does it respond when flooding causes great damage? This is a case study of a major flood event—the 2008 Iowa–Cedar River flood—and the University of Iowa, whose recovery is expected to cost about US$750 million. The case explores the factors that led a major institution to invest so much of its infrastructure into a flood-prone river shed and then describes and evaluates the decision-making process the University has undertaken with the goal of becoming a more sustainable and resilient campus.
COMT and ANKK1 Genetics Interact With Depression to Influence Behavior Following Severe TBI
Authors: Myrga John M. , Juengst Shannon B. , Failla Michelle D. , Conley Yvette P. , Arenth Patricia M. , Grace Anthony A. , Wagner Amy K.
Published: May 2016

Objective. Genetic variations in the dopamine (DA) system are associated with cortical-striatal behavior in multiple populations. This study assessed associations of functional polymorphisms in the ankyrin repeat and kinase domain ( ANKK1; Taq1a) and catechol- O-methyltransferase ( COMT; Val158Met) genes with behavioral dysfunction following traumatic brain injury (TBI). Participants. This was a prospective study of 90 survivors of severe TBI recruited from a level 1 trauma center. Main measures. The Frontal Systems Behavior Scale, a self- or family report questionnaire evaluating behavior associated with frontal lobe dysfunction, was completed 6 and 12 months postinjury. Depression was measured concurrently with the Patient Health Questionnaire-9. Study participants were genotyped for Val158Met and Taq1a polymorphisms. Results. No statistically significant behavioral differences were observed by Taq1a or Val158Met genotype alone. At 12 months, among those with depression, Met homozygotes (Val158Met) self-reported worse behavior than Val carriers ( P = .015), and A2 homozygotes (Taq1a) self-reported worse behavior than A1 carriers ( P = .028) in bivariable analysis. Multivariable models suggest an interaction between depression and genetic variation with behavior at 12 months post-TBI, and descriptive analysis suggests that carriage of both risk alleles may contribute to worse behavioral performance than carriage of either risk allele alone. Conclusion. In the context of depression, Val158Met and Taq1a polymorphisms are individually associated with behavioral dysfunction 12 months following severe TBI, with preliminary evidence suggesting cumulative, or perhaps epistatic, effects of COMT and ANKK1 on behavioral dysfunction.
Augmentation of arterial blood velocity with electrostimulation in patients with critical limb ischemia unsuitable for revascularization
Authors: Yilmaz Seyhan , Mermi Esra U , Zobaci Ethem , Aksoy Eray , Yastı Çınar
Published: May 2016

Aim

This pilot study aimed to reveal whether combination of electrostimulation with iloprost treatment achieves better results compared to iloprost alone in patients with critical limb ischemia.

Material and methods

Patients were randomized into Group 1 ( n = 11, mean age: 65.3 ± 4.2 years, received iloprost infusion protocol alone) or Group 2 ( n = 11, mean age: 62.9 ± 6.7, received iloprost infusion plus standardized protocol of peroneal nerve electrostimulation). Electrostimulation was delivered with 1 Hz frequency, 27 mA current, and 200 ms pulse width. Peak blood flow velocities in the anterior and posterior tibialis arteries were measured with duplex ultrasound.

Results

There was a slight insignificant increase in blood velocity in anterior tibialis artery in Group 1 (from 17.6 ± 13.0 to 18.6 ± 13.1, p = 0.57), whereas the increase in Group 2 was marked (from 23.8 ± 18.3 to 32.2 ± 19.7, p = 0.01). Blood velocity in posterior tibialis artery also increased in both groups, but it was not of statistical significance. No significant difference was found between two groups in regard to final pulse oximetry oxygen saturation levels.

Conclusion

Electrostimulation of the peroneal nerve caused a substantial increase in anterior tibialis artery blood velocity when used as an adjunct to medical therapy in patients with critical limb ischemia.
Response assessment in lymphoma: Concordance between independent central review and local evaluation in a clinical trial setting
Authors: Gopal Ajay K , Pro Barbara , Connors Joseph M , Younes Anas , Engert Andreas , Shustov Andrei R , Chi Xuedong , Larsen Emily K , Kennedy Dana A , Sievers Eric L
Published: May 2016

Background:

Independent central review of clinical imaging remains the standard for oncology clinical trials with registration potential. A limited independent central review strategy has been proposed for solid tumor trials based on concordance between central and local evaluation of response. Concordance between independent central review and local evaluation of response in hematological malignancies is not known.

Methods:

We retrospectively evaluated concordance between prospectively performed central and local assessments of response using the Revised Response Criteria for Malignant Lymphoma across two international, open-label, single-arm, registration studies of brentuximab vedotin in patients with relapsed or refractory Hodgkin lymphoma (N = 102) or systemic anaplastic large-cell lymphoma (N = 58).

Results:

Overall objective response rates were similar between assessors for both the trial in Hodgkin lymphoma (75% independent central review, 72% local evaluation) and the trial in anaplastic large-cell lymphoma (86% independent central review, 83% local evaluation). Patient-specific objective response concordance was also substantial (Hodgkin lymphoma: kappa = 0.68; anaplastic large-cell lymphoma: kappa = 0.74). Median progression-free survival was similar between assessors for patients with anaplastic large-cell lymphoma (14.3 months by independent central review (95% confidence interval: 6.9, -); 14.5 months by local evaluation (95% confidence interval: 9.4, -)), but longer by local evaluation in patients with Hodgkin lymphoma (5.8 months by independent central review (95% confidence interval: 5.0, 9.0); 9.0 months by local evaluation (95% confidence interval: 7.1, 12.0)). Median duration of response was longer by local evaluation in both malignancies, which was primarily attributable to earlier computed tomography and positron emission tomography–based scoring of progression by independent central review.

Conclusion:

A limited independent review audit strategy for clinical trials of some lymphomas appears feasible and practical based on substantial concordance in assessments of overall objective response by central and local evaluation in two international, prospective, registration trials in lymphoma. Some variability between assessors in the time-to-event endpoints was observed, which appeared attributable to earlier assignments of progression by independent central review compared with local evaluation.
Comment: Lakoff on Metaphor – More Heat Than Light
Authors: Goddard Cliff
Published: May 2016

This comment questions the logic and evidence base of Lakoff’s (2016) account of metaphor, embodiment, and the so-called neural theory of language. It calls for proper attention to linguistic and cultural diversity and opposes biophysical reductionism.
Glenoid bone loss in primary and revision shoulder arthroplasty
Authors: Malhas Amar , Rashid Abbas , Copas Dave , Bale Steve , Trail Ian
Published: May 2016

The management of glenoid bone loss is a major challenge in both complex primary and revision arthroplasty surgery. To deal with this problem, a number of techniques have been advocated, although there has been no previous systematic review of the literature. In the present review, we have attempted to identify a coherent strategy for addressing this problem, taking into account the degree of bone loss, the advantages and limits of standard implants, bone reconstruction techniques and the use of customized prostheses.
Imaginative assemblages of transcendent/desire: Non-heteronormative Malaysian men speak up and talk back
Authors: Goh Joseph N
Published: May 2016

Many non-heteronormative Malaysian men find themselves on the receiving end of political, socio-cultural, and religious condemnations of their sexual identifyings and expressions. Their lived realities are often considered invalid, including from religious and theological perspectives. This article is a queer socio-theological project that examines the lived realities of six non-heteronormative Malaysian men who speak up and talk back on their sexualities and spiritual sensibilities. Using a Constructivist Grounded Theory Methodology, and aided by the theological musings of Marcella Althaus-Reid and a document of the Federation of Asian Bishops' Conferences as analytical frameworks, this article analyzes and theologizes the complex processes of transcendent/desire, or negotiations of the “Profoundly More” and sexuality in the narratives of these men. This article suggests that transcendent/desire can be imaginatively assembled in three interrelated forms: (i) as embodied connections with the transcendent; (ii) as a vocation; and (iii) as an imperative to flourish.
Survival of Three Neonates With Congenital Diaphragmatic Hernia and d-Transposition of the Great Arteries
Authors: Blancha Victoria L. , Ratner Veniamin , Aspelund Gudrun , Chai Paul , Levasseur Stéphanie , Krishnan Usha , Bacha Emile , Krishnamurthy Ganga
Published: May 2016

Survival is significantly compromised in infants born with congenital diaphragmatic hernia and major cardiac anomalies. Mortality is highest when congenital diaphragmatic hernia occurs in association with d-transposition of the great arteries. We present three infants with congenital diaphragmatic hernia associated with d-transposition of the great arteries from a single institution. All three infants survived to discharge after surgical repair/palliation of both the diaphragmatic hernia and heart defect and are doing well at last follow-up. The clinical course and management of these three patients are described.
The Use of Video-Assisted Cardioscopy for Neonatal Left Ventricular Tumor Resection
Authors: Pelella Giuseppe , Ramaraj Ram , Dhannapuneni Ramana , Guerrero Rafael
Published: May 2016

We report the use of video-assisted cardioscopy (VAC) to assess the complete resection of a giant sessile rhabdomyoma of the left ventricle (LV) in a case of suspected neonatal tuberous sclerosis. A fetal echocardiogram performed at 20 weeks of gestation identified the mass at the apex of the LV and attached to the interventricular septum (IVS). Further echocardiography during the pregnancy demonstrated moderate growth of the LV mass. This was occupying more than two-thirds of the LV cavity after the delivery, and there were concerns of LV outflow tract obstruction. The 4-kg newborn underwent LV tumor excision via a left atrial approach at the age of 12 days. The mitral valve (MV) apparatus and the IVS had strong attachments to the mass. The tumor was successfully resected. In view of the invasiveness of the tumor, a decision was taken to perform an intracardiac assessment using a VAC to detect any iatrogenic complication. A Karl Storz Neuro Endoscope probe 4 mm in diameter and 14 mm in length with an angulation of 0° was passed into the left ventricular cavity through the MV with the aim to detect residual tumor and to identify any iatrogenic complications due to the extensive resection. Video-assisted cardioscopy allows visualization of inaccessible intraventricular structures avoiding ventriculotomy, which can cause ventricular dysfunction, arrhythmias, and aneurysm formation. The VAC was shown to be very useful in this situation, and the process can easily be repeated as required.
Severe Direct Hyperbilirubinemia as a Consequence of Right Heart Failure in Congenital Heart Disease
Authors: Philip Joseph , Samraj Ravi S. , Lopez-Colon Dalia , Gonzalez-Peralta Regino , Chandran Arun , Bleiwies Mark S.
Published: May 2016

Adult literature documents increased cholestasis in right heart failure yet is poorly documented in the pediatric population. We describe three infants with congenital heart disease who developed significantly elevated direct bilirubin levels of 43, 23, and 12 mg/dL, respectively, in the absence of hepatic dysfunction. The common hemodynamic pathophysiology in these infants is right heart dysfunction with moderate to severe tricuspid regurgitation in the setting of low perfusion state. Right heart dysfunction in infants can result in severe conjugated bilirubin, likely as a consequence of venous congestion and can be used as an indirect marker of right heart dynamics