bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
An Overview of Excipients Classification and Their Use in Pharmaceuticals
Authors: Ozkan Cansel Kose , Esim Ozgur , Savaser Ayhan , Ozkan Yalcin
Published: June 2020

The content and the application of pharmaceutical dosage forms must meet several basic
requirements to ensure and maintain efficiency, safety and quality. A large number of active substances
have a limited ability to direct administration. Excipients are generally used to overcome the limitation
of direct administration of these active substances. However, the function, behavior and composition of
the excipients need to be well known in the design, development and production of pharmaceutical
dosage forms. In this review, excipients used to assist in any pharmaceutical dosage form production
processes of drugs, to preserve, promote or increase stability, bioavailability and patient compliance, to
assist in product identification/separation, or to enhance overall safety and effectiveness of the drug
delivery system during storage or use are explained. Moreover, the use of these excipients in drug delivery
systems is identified. Excipient toxicity, which is an issue discussed in the light of current studies,
also discussed in this review.
Visible Light Assisted Photocatalytic Degradation of Methylene Blue Dye and Mixture of Dyes Using ZrO2-TiO2 Nanocomposites
Authors: Sutar Radhakrishna S. , Barkul Rani P. , Patil Meghshyam K.
Published: June 2020

Background:

Different photocatalysts such as TiO2, ZnO and WO3 have been used for the
degradation of organic pollutants. However, these materials have some limitations, which have been
affected the catalytic efficiency in the various transformations. The composites of these materials
with other oxides can produce better results by tuning structural as well as optoelectrical properties.
The composite of TiO2 with ZrO2 has attracted attention due to its use in different areas, as ZrO2 and
TiO2 have similar physicochemical features.

Methods:

This research contains the preparation of ZrO2-TiO2 nanocomposites by hydrothermal
method and analysis of photocatalytic activity for the degradation of methylene blue and a mixture of
dyes under visible light irradiation.

Results:

Physicochemical characterization of ZrO2-TiO2 nanocomposites has been studied by using
different techniques. Prepared catalysts has shown anatase phase of TiO2 and tetragonal phase of
ZrO2. XRD, FESEM and HRTEM have supported the nanocrystalline nature of the composites. The
photocatalytic activity of composites and bare TiO2 samples were demonstrated for the degradation
of methylene blue dye. Enhanced activity has been shown by composite having Ti:Zr 3:1 molar proportion,
i.e., Ti3Zr. Effect of concentration of methylene blue, pH of the solution and catalyst loading
have been studied by using Ti3Zr. In addition, the degradation of a mixture of three dyes, namely
methylene blue, rhodamine B and methyl orange, has been studied.

Conclusion:

In summary, prepared ZrO2-TiO2 composites found to be nanocrystalline and visible
light active. These catalysts have shown activity for photocatalytic degradation of methylene blue
and a mixture of dyes.
NPalmitoylDeep-PseAAC: A Predictor of N-Palmitoylation Sites in Proteins Using Deep Representations of Proteins and PseAAC via Modified 5-Steps Rule
Authors: Naseer Sheraz , Hussain Waqar , Khan Yaser Daanial , Rasool Nouman
Published: June 2020

Background:

Among all the major Post-translational modification, lipid modifications
possess special significance due to their widespread functional importance in eukaryotic cells. There
exist multiple types of lipid modifications and Palmitoylation, among them, is one of the broader
types of modification, having three different types. The N-Palmitoylation is carried out by
attachment of palmitic acid to an N-terminal cysteine. Due to the association of N-Palmitoylation
with various biological functions and diseases such as Alzheimer’s and other neurodegenerative
diseases, its identification is very important.

Objective:

The in vitro, ex vivo and in vivo identification of Palmitoylation is laborious, time-taking
and costly. There is a dire need for an efficient and accurate computational model to help researchers
and biologists identify these sites, in an easy manner. Herein, we propose a novel prediction model
for the identification of N-Palmitoylation sites in proteins.

Method:

The proposed prediction model is developed by combining the Chou’s Pseudo Amino
Acid Composition (PseAAC) with deep neural networks. We used well-known deep neural
networks (DNNs) for both the tasks of learning a feature representation of peptide sequences and
developing a prediction model to perform classification.

Results:

Among different DNNs, Gated Recurrent Unit (GRU) based RNN model showed the
highest scores in terms of accuracy, and all other computed measures, and outperforms all the
previously reported predictors.

Conclusion:

The proposed GRU based RNN model can help to identify N-Palmitoylation in a very
efficient and accurate manner which can help scientists understand the mechanism of this
modification in proteins.
Pre-Deployment Strategy for Maximizing Barrier Coverage in Wireless Sensor Network
Authors: Chowdary Vinay , Mondal Amit K. , Sharma Abhinav , Capoor Shiv
Published: June 2020

Background:

Barrier Coverage in Wireless Sensors Networks has been an active research
area. Maximizing number of barriers formed after initial random deployment depends on
deployment strategies used.

Methods:

Where existing works rely on sensor relocation after initial random deployment to maximize
barrier coverage, authors in this article proposed a novel Minimum Radius Algorithm
(MRA), a first of its kind where no two nodes, will be deployed within the non-overlap radius
(OR).

Results:

The simulation results of the proposed algorithm proves that, MRA outperforms its counterpart
not only in the case of maximizing barrier count but also in case convergence time required
by network to form barriers. Extensive simulations are carried for all network sizes to show the
effectiveness of proposed algorithm.

Conclusions:

This work aims at proposing a pre- deployment strategy that can maximize number
of barriers.
A Comparative Study on the Implementation of Corporate Integrity between Malaysian Public and Private Sectors Organization
Authors: Zainal Rafidah , Md. Som Ayub , Mohamed Nafsiah
Published: June 2020

With regards to fighting corruption and promoting transparency in organization, agency integrity unit was established in 2013 in managing issues related to integrity. In addition, a Corporate Integrity Assessment Questionnaire (CIAQ) has been developed by the Malaysian Institute of Integrity in collaboration with several Malaysian academicians to measure the implementation of the integrity system in their organization. There were 173 respondents from Company A (public sector), and 220 respondents from Company B (private sector) and the findings showed that Company A has integrity level between 75% to 100% . In contrast, Company B integrity level is between 50% to 75%.   
 Keywords: corporate integrity, public sector, private sector, statutory body.   
eISSN: 2398-4287 © 2020. The Authors. Published for AMER ABRA cE-Bs by e-International Publishing House, Ltd., UK. This is an open access article under the CC BYNC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/). Peer–review under responsibility of AMER (Association of Malaysian Environment-Behaviour Researchers), ABRA (Association of Behavioural Researchers on Asians) and cE-Bs (Centre for Environment-Behaviour Studies), Faculty of Architecture, Planning & Surveying, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Malaysia.   DOI: https://doi.org/10.21834/ebpj.v5iSI1.2329
Social Media Text Mining Framework for Drug Abuse: Development and Validation Study With an Opioid Crisis Case Analysis
Authors: Nasralah Tareq , El-Gayar Omar , Wang Yong
Published: June 2020

Background

Social media are considered promising and viable sources of data for gaining insights into various disease conditions and patients’ attitudes, behaviors, and medications. They can be used to recognize communication and behavioral themes of problematic use of prescription drugs. However, mining and analyzing social media data have challenges and limitations related to topic deduction and data quality. As a result, we need a structured approach to analyze social media content related to drug abuse in a manner that can mitigate the challenges and limitations surrounding the use of such data.

Objective

This study aimed to develop and evaluate a framework for mining and analyzing social media content related to drug abuse. The framework is designed to mitigate challenges and limitations related to topic deduction and data quality in social media data analytics for drug abuse.

Methods

The proposed framework started with defining different terms related to the keywords, categories, and characteristics of the topic of interest. We then used the Crimson Hexagon platform to collect data based on a search query informed by a drug abuse ontology developed using the identified terms. We subsequently preprocessed the data and examined the quality using an evaluation matrix. Finally, a suitable data analysis approach could be used to analyze the collected data.

Results

The framework was evaluated using the opioid epidemic as a drug abuse case analysis. We demonstrated the applicability of the proposed framework to identify public concerns toward the opioid epidemic and the most discussed topics on social media related to opioids. The results from the case analysis showed that the framework could improve the discovery and identification of topics in social media domains characterized by a plethora of highly diverse terms and lack of a commonly available dictionary or language by the community, such as in the case of opioid and drug abuse.

Conclusions

The proposed framework addressed the challenges related to topic detection and data quality. We demonstrated the applicability of the proposed framework to identify the common concerns toward the opioid epidemic and the most discussed topics on social media related to opioids.
Challenge and response of mental health institutions in COVID-19 pandemic: the experience from China (Preprint)
Authors: Wang Gang , Wang Lina , Liu Xuebing , Ning Ping , Hao Wei
Published: June 2020

UNSTRUCTURED

Mental health system in China have encountered challenges during Covid-19 pandemic. The mental health institutions and government collaborated on improving the bad situation. This paper provided a brief summary of the challenges and lessons learned by the first-line mental health staff during this period and proposed some suggestions to deal with similar challenges in the future.
Hacia una economía de autodefensa social
Authors: Galbraith James K.
Published: June 2020

En este trabajo se considera a la política fiscal en el centro de la lucha contra la pandemia. Se exponen y discuten algunas de las políticas de gasto y sus desiguales consecuencias sobre la sociedad. Se argumenta en contra de aquellos programas que tomarían meses para llegar a los más afectados y se apoyan aquellos que permiten rápidamente distribuir poder de compra para alimentos. La posibilidad de especulación y elevación de precios tendría que enfrentarse con medidas de guerra, como el control de precios, mientras que la cadena de suministros tiene que ser continua. Tampoco los programas que acumulan deuda sobre los trabajadores pueden conducir a una salida, no solamente por la lentitud de los fondos, sino porque la deuda privada a diferencia de la pública mantiene o recrudece la desigualdad. Más aún, parece necesario que se proteja a la sociedad, posponiendo desalojos, manteniendo los servicios públicos para cada hogar, entre otros. Se concluye que las viejas y acostumbradas políticas de austeridad son completamente irrelevantes para la tarea adelante.
Arbitraje laboral en la globalización: La nueva estructura de la dependencia
Authors: Cypher James M. , Crossa Mateo
Published: June 2020

La presente colaboración expone por qué el capital automotriz de Estados Unidos fluye constantemente hacia México y otras partes del Sur Global durante las últimas décadas, y cómo se relaciona con las ventajas que de ello extrae, entre otros mecanismos por el valor del arbitraje laboral en el contexto de las cadenas globales de valor. Estrategia seguida por más de tres décadas que la agenda del Consenso de Washington y que lejos de percibir indicios de “escalamiento” industrial más bien se ha producido un proceso de degradación y retroceso. Condición donde sobresale México pero también América Latina, lo  que la ha mantenido sumergida en un escenario de dependencia tecnológico, fragmentación industrial y precarización del mercado nacional.

 
La expansión de las fintech en China y respuestas regulatorias del gobierno
Authors: Sevares Julio
Published: June 2020

Las financieras que operan desde plataformas de internet (fintech) se han desarrollado en muchos mercados del mundo en los últimos años, promoviendo grandes transformaciones en el sistema financiero de los países y en el mercado global, contribuyendo a la inclusión financiera y obligando incluso a modificar las operaciones de los bancos. El mercado chino está en la avanzada de esa tendencia. El desarrollo de las fintech ha generado oportunidades de financiamiento para personas no bancarizadas y pequeñas empresas con poco o ningún acceso al sistema bancario, por lo que se considera un sistema financiero inclusivo. Esto ha sucedido especialmente en países con bajo grado de bancarización como China, pero también en las economías más desarrolladas.

 
La primera reforma educativa liberal y su implementación en el Establecimiento de Jurisprudencia. Distrito Federal, 1833-1834
Authors: Hidalgo-Pego Mónica
Published: June 2020

El artículo tiene como finalidad examinar la aplicación de las reformas educativas liberales en el Establecimiento de Jurisprudencia inaugurado el 5 de diciembre de 1833. Para contextualizar el estudio se hace referencia a los proyectos educativos ensayados entre 1821 y 1832, y se da cuenta de los principales decretos emitidos para la organización de los establecimientos profesionales. El examen de la documentación permite observar los cambios habidos en la enseñanza y conocer los fondos con que contaba la institución, así como valorar los alcances y limitaciones del primer ensayo educativo liberal a través de un estudio de caso.
Los Procesos de Paz y las consideraciones sobre la Violencia planteadas desde el Psicoanálisis
Authors: Céspedes Gerardo
Published: June 2020

Con relación a los Procesos de Paz sostenidos en la actualidad y las consideraciones sobre la Violencia desde elPsicoanálisis, es posible realizar algunas consideraciones epistemológicas y metodológicas, referidas a establecer que elabordaje de la Violencia Humana desde una perspectiva psicoanalítica exige partir desde el concepto de Agresividad,entendida menos como una forma primordial de apropiación que como una forma compulsiva de pasar al actomortífero.
Vocación por el hacer y el ser en las profesiones del sector salud
Authors: Mazo Álvarez Héctor Mauricio
Published: June 2020

Todos en algún momento hemos escuchado que otras personas o incluso nosotros mismos utilizamos la palabra vocación, decimos que tal sacerdote tiene vocación, que ese ingeniero tiene vocación incluso utilizamos esta palabrapara designar no solo roles u oficios sino incluso rasgos del carácter, como cuando decimos que esa persona tienevocación de sumiso. La palabra vocación proviene del latín vocare o vocari que significa llamado o acción de llamar, seentiende como llamado hacia un determinado fin o destino. Ambos verbos en infinitivo se relacionan con el sustantivovox, equivalente al castellano voz. Podríamos decir entonces que la vocación es el llamado que siente cada uno a cumplir con un destino. Pero este destino lo que nos señala es el camino que vamos a seguir durante nuestra existencia.En el paso por la vida los hombres podrán realizar muchas actividades y muchos oficios pero muy pocos son realizados con vocación. La sociedad contemporánea ha privilegiado otros factores por encima del vocacional cuando se tratade elegir una ocupación, de este modo, la remuneración, la estimación social o incluso la moda, son factores más importantes cuando se trata de elegir una carrera, lamentablemente estos nos ha llevado a la proliferación de personas que se desempeñan en oficios o profesiones por los cuales no sienten la más mínima vocación, llevando esta situación a que su desempeño sea absolutamente instrumental y técnico, pero en el sector de la salud si se hace fundamental que las personas que allí laboran se desempeñen no solo con un vasto conocimiento de su profesión, sino con una inquebrantable vocación por su quehacer, en otras palabras, con un amor infinito por lo que hacen.
Qatar's Clean Diplomacy Facing Regional Conflict
Authors: Putri Alfredha Shinta , Surwandono Surwandono
Published: June 2020

Qatar is one of the richest countries in the Middle East region. Qatar is able to supply the third largest gas to the world and become the third largest exporter of liquid natural gas. This paper is interested in analyzing the behavior of the Qatari government amid various conflicts and tensions in the Middle East region. Qatar tends to position itself as a mediator of conflict. The Qatari government believes that by being a mediator in this conflict it can be a neutral position.Qatari governance is based on the basic norm structure that is used as a policy platform, and articulates it openly, with integrity, and is measurable. This is known as clean diplomacy. Qatar manages the crisis by remaining consistent with its image as a guardian of regional peace and stability. The image of Qatar as an 'honest broker' country is able to increase Qatar's legitimacy in the international public arena. This paper builds on arguments based on secondary document data, and interprets the data with a qualitative approach to understanding Qatar's foreign policy behavior. The analysis showed that the choice of governance of Qatar's clean diplomacy proved effective in managing the foreign political pressure of neighboring countries in the form of not escalating conflict, and Qatar's political and economic stability.
Ucapan Terima Kasih Reviewer
Authors: Kusumaningrum Demeiati Nur
Published: June 2020

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Indeks Penulis dan Subjek
Authors: Kusumaningrum Demeiati Nur
Published: June 2020

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Diplomasi Sains Komunitas Epistemik Jerman Dalam Meningkatkan Pembangunan Kolombia
Authors: Sadewa Dzikiara Pesona
Published: June 2020

This article discusses how the scientific diplomacy efforts undertaken by the German Epistemic Community in promoting Colombian development. The Epistemic Community is the liaison between the two countries in the hope of being able to contribute to a country's policy through science in dealing with various local and global issues and can also contribute to the development of Colombia. By using descriptive qualitative research methods along with the concept of epistemic community and scientific diplomacy, this study produced findings that the Science Diplomacy carried out by the German Epistemic Community in promoting development in Colombia manifested itself in the form of efforts to improve academic collaboration, support the implementation of academic activities within government agencies, and continue recommendations for the development of various aspects of science in the research sector related to development policy.
Mental Health Behind Japan’s Economic and Social Productivity
Authors: Prameswari Anisa Indira , Darmastuti Shanti , Fathun Laode Muhamad
Published: June 2020

This article describes the impacts given by depression as mental health disorder and suicidal behavior towards Japan’s economy and social productivity. Depression and suicide have become one of the main causes of mortality among other health conditions in Japan. Both depression and suicidal behavior are non-communicable, yet both can influence psychological states of other people near the patient. Depression and suicidal behavior are challenging for countries with high mortality caused by suicide, especially towards those who also have ageing population like Japan. Hence, this article will analyze further costs faced by Japan along with reviewing policies taken to overcome their mental health challenges. This study uses qualitative descriptive design with case study method. This study also uses secondary analysis to answer mentioned challenges. Result shows that Japan faces economic loss to sustain their mental health expenses and psychological expenses for the family left by the victims of depression and suicide, as suicide trend is popular among adults and youths in Japan. Depression and suicidal behavior can also affect individual’s productivity. The authors expect that this can be used to give broader knowledge on non-traditional contemporary global issues.
Afirmasi Partai Politik Meningkatkan Partisipasi Perempuan: Sebuah Studi di Kabupaten Sumenep
Authors: Ikmal Moh
Published: June 2020

The purpose of this study is to find out how the affirmative action of political parties in encouraging women’s political participation in Sumenep Regency. This study uses descriptive qualitative research with data collection procedures in the form of interviews, observation and documentation. Data validation techniques used are source triangulation techniques in the form of person and paper. The results show that the efforts made by political parties of Sumenep Regency in building women’s political participation include, 1) parties taking an internal/personal approach; 2) programmatic, structured and continuous development of the political model of female cadres; 3) hold meetings at times that are possible to be attended by female cadres and times that are not too preoccupied with household needs.
Identifying Priorities for Communicating a Large Body of Research for Impact
Authors: Palmer Alison L , Telfer Joanne M , Peters Cheryl E , Nicol Anne-Marie
Published: June 2020

Background  CAREX (CARcinogen EXposure) Canada’s mandate is to communicate a body of academic research and expertise on Canadians’ exposures to carcinogens, to inform efforts to reduce exposures and ultimately reduce the risk of cancer. With 80 known and suspected carcinogens in its database and over 800 estimates of how and where Canadians are exposed, CAREX’s challenge has been to focus its efforts to achieve impact.
Analysis  A process model for identifying and prioritizing opportunities for knowledge translation was developed. From 2012-2017 that model was used to identify exposure priorities, select and engage knowledge users with readiness to collaborate, and explore opportunities to apply CAREX’s knowledge and expertise.
Conclusion and implications  A total of 54 impacts were tracked, including priority setting, cancer prevention research, implementation research, and policy and practice change.RésuméContexte  CAREX Canada (CARcinogen EXposure) a pour mandat de communiquer la recherche et l’expertise académiques sur l’exposition des Canadiens aux carcinogènes, de soutenir les efforts pour réduire cette exposition, et en fin de compte de réduire les incidences du cancer. Dans sa base de données, CAREX recense quatre-vingts cancérogènes connus et soupçonnés et plus de huit cents estimations sur comment et où les Canadiens y sont exposés. Son défi principal a été de focaliser ses efforts afin d’avoir un meilleur impact.
Analyse  Un modèle de processus a été développé pour identifier et prioriser les occasions d’effectuer une application des connaissances. Entre 2012 et 2017, ce modèle a servi à identifier les priorités pour l’exposition aux cancérigènes, à sélectionner et intéresser des utilisateurs des connaissances prêts à collaborer, et à explorer les occasions pour appliquer le savoir et l’expertise de CAREX.
Conclusion et implications  On a relevé un total de 54 impacts, y compris l’établissement des priorités, la recherche sur la prévention du cancer, la recherche sur la mise en oeuvre, et la modification de politiques et de pratiques.
Um retrato avaliativo dos objetivos de desenvolvimento sustentável nas capitais brasileiras
Authors: De Lima Pereira Mahnic Chayne , Fiel Santos Diego , Michael van Bellen Hans
Published: June 2020

Esta pesquisa representa uma parcela de contribuição para o campo dos estudos sobre sustentabilidade, apresentando e avaliando em que estágio da sustentabilidade institucional, econômica, social e ambiental se encontra as capitais brasileiras. A presente investigação buscou compreender e avaliar como a sustentabilidade está presente nas capitais brasileiras. Para o alcance dos objetivos estabelecidos pela investigação, o percurso metodológico foi composto por levantamentos bibliográficos e documentais. A partir do referencial bibliográfico foi possível realizar uma revisão do corpo teórico sobre sustentabilidade. A partir do levantamento documental foram obtidas informações sobre indicadores voltados para os Objetivos do Desenvolvimento Sustentável. A pesquisa desenvolveu uma investigação que resultou em uma descrição da situação, através de dados e informações levantadas através de fontes secundárias. Dentre os indicadores analisados na dimensão institucional, o índice referente à ‘transparência de governos municipais’ obteve entre as capitais brasileiras o maior quantitativo de índices com situação acima do parâmetro. Na dimensão econômica, as regiões centro-oeste, sudeste e sul apresentaram uma situação mediana do PIB per capita, calculado a partir da média dos índices das capitais pertencentes aos seus territórios. As dimensões social e ambiental demonstram que quase todas as capitais brasileiras apresentam índice médio e alto. A situação de cada capital brasileira para estabelecer o desenvolvimento sustentável de suas localidades torna-se relevante para fiscalizarmos e cobrarmos um país melhor. Além disso, para expormos a realidade brasileira e fazermos comparações em termos de políticas públicas, atuação do governo, dentre outras ações voltadas ao desenvolvimento sustentável.
Sumário
Authors: Fossá Juliano Luiz , Souza Marcia De , Cavagnolli Murilo , Matte Alessandra
Published: June 2020

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Editorial
Authors: Fossá Juliano Luiz , Souza Marcia De , Cavagnolli Murilo , Matte Alessandra , De Los Rios-Cardona Juan Camilo , De Dios Hernandez Daboberto
Published: June 2020

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Why we still need the term ‘Young Carer’
Authors: Fives Allyn , Kennan Danielle , Canavan John , Brady Bernadine
Published: June 2020

Previous research on young carers has provided data on prevalence, the tasks performed, the impacts on the carer, and the supports they require. However, some in the disability rights movement argue that the numbers of young carers and the negative impacts of caring have been exaggerated, and that the children’s rights approach serves to undermine the rights of disabled and/or ill parents. The findings from exploratory research in Ireland suggest that it is not parental illness and/or disability that is a cause for concern, but instead levels of support to and awareness of young carers. It is argued that the term young carer should continue to be used and that services should be developed in Ireland specifically for young carers.
A Critical Analysis of the use of Attachment Theory in Cases of Domestic Violence
Authors: Buchanan Fiona
Published: June 2020

Social policies and social work practices are increasingly influenced by attachment theory.  Women who have been subjected to domestic violence by male partners are being assessed within this discourse, which takes little account of societal perspectives, which sustain injustices and power differentials. Domestic violence is known to be a major social problem but when attachment theory is applied to women and their babies in domestic violence it negates knowledge based in lived experiences. Rather attachment theory is informed by non-gendered family violence perspectives and research instruments, which frame domestic violence within an individualised perspective. In this way, women and their babies are observed and classified without regard for the societal factors, which affect them. In view of this, there is a need for critical social workers to question attachment theory and the positivist research instruments, which are being used to inform theory and practice. Particularly with regard to domestic violence as a gendered, societal issue, a broad perspective, which promotes a social justice view and the need for social change is indispensable.
From Homeless Teen to Chronically Homeless Adult
Authors: Baker Collins Stephanie D.
Published: June 2020

In this paper, attention will be paid to the conceptualization of adult homelessness though the lens of chronically homeless adults who became homeless as teens, looking particularly at the impact of adverse childhood events. The study bridges the usual divide between youth and adult homeless populations both as distinct research populations and as populations understood to have distinct causes of homelessness. This examination reveals important ways in which conceptions of homelessness have become decontextualized from the narrative of moving from teen to adult homelessness, from understandings of home and from a subjectivity, which is not determined by housing status.  To interrupt the connection between adverse childhood events and adult homelessness, the case will be made that our response to homelessness must include a response to the trauma suffered by persons who were homeless when they were youth.
(Re)cognition
Authors: Almeida Shana
Published: June 2020

In this paper I draw from critical work on the historical, social, political, economic, and cultural functions of race, to trace how Axel Honneth’s recognition as a critical social theory of justice is activated through racial thinking.  In my analyses, I outline the need to theorize recognition as a “racial recognition”; complicating current theories, which seem to continuously inscribe the bourgeois white male as the true provider of justice and the bearer of rights; the true subject. Critical questions for social work are raised.  How might race/racial thinking underlie our visions of social justice, and who benefits from this? What happens when we re-view the social and political justice intentions of social work through the lens of global white supremacy, say, as we move towards international development work in the global south? This paper presents important theoretical positions on race and the "morality" of recognition as social justice, which contribute highly to critical, socio-political, anti-racist social work theory and practice.
Broadening the ‘Environment’ in Social Work
Authors: Boetto Heather , Moorhead Bernadette , Bell Karen
Published: June 2020

Adopting a critical social work frame of reference, this paper explores the impacts and challenges of a two-week study abroad program to India on Australian social work students’ understanding of the environment in practice. Using a mixed methods approach, a small study was undertaken in 2011 involving pre and post-program surveys, as well as a facilitated reflective workshop to explore environmental social work.  Results are discussed and indicate the program had a positive impact on expanding students’ conventional socio-cultural understanding of the environment and global dimensions of environmental degradation.  Whilst this is positive and suggests some justification for the international study abroad program, other questions and challenges are raised relating to complex cultural issues and neo-colonial aspects of study abroad programs.
Barriers to Calling 9-1-1 during Overdose Emergencies in a Canadian Context
Authors: Follett Kayla M. , Piscitelli Anthony , Parkinson Michael , Munger Felix
Published: June 2020

Research has shown there are notable barriers to calling 9-1-1 during accidental overdose emergencies. Overdose is a significant health and social justice concern, yet Canadian researchers have not explored the existence or prevalence of these systemic obstacles. The current case study examines the barriers to calling 9-1-1 that people face in Southern Ontario when confronted with accidental overdose incidents. The locality of this study is particularly suitable as Wellington County, that is, Waterloo Region and Guelph are socio-demographically similar to Ontario and Canada. Barriers were assessed by surveying individuals that have or currently use drugs (n=291) and are clients of local methadone clinics or outreach services. Data were explored using frequency tables and then compared using crosstabulations. The findings of this case study suggest there are multiple barriers to calling 9-1-1 during accidental drug overdoses. Similar to previous studies, the most common barriers cited were fear of being arrested (53%), breaching probation or parole (30%), and fear of losing custody of children (24%). Lowering the barriers to calling 9-1-1 may help to forge the path necessary to improved health care and access to resources. Ultimately, and most importantly, lives may be saved.
Hitting the Ground Running
Authors: Newberry-Koroluk Andrea M.
Published: June 2020

This paper explores how the popular use of the expression “hitting the ground running” in reference to beginning social work practice draws upon military imagery and reflects neo-conservative expectations of first-year social workers.  Discussion of the international and Canadian definitions of social work, key social work values, the neo-conservative paradigm, and the role of language in understanding human experiences provides context to this analysis.  Ultimately, it is argued that it is in the best interests of the social work profession for the phrase hitting the ground running to be abandoned (or used critically) when making reference to first-year social workers, and a new metaphor is suggested that could take its place in the social work lexicon.
HIV Vulnerabilities and Risk Perception of Justice-Involved Women
Authors: De Saxe Zerdena Lisa , Scheyett Anna , Fogelc Catherine I.
Published: June 2020

Women with histories of justice involvement are not only more likely to enter prison with a diagnosis of HIV infection, but also are up to 15 times more likely to be HIV positive than women in the general U.S. population. Given the growing prevalence of both women affected by HIV and women in the criminal justice system, an urgent need exists for prevention interventions tailored for justice-involved women. This formative qualitative study uses semi-structured interviews to examine formerly incarcerated women’s perspectives on their HIV risks and behaviors. Findings inform future HIV-risk reduction interventions for justice-involved women.
Exploring Dance/Movement Therapy to Treat Women with Posttraumatic Stress Disorder
Authors: Levine Brooklyn , Land Helen M. , Lizano Erica L.
Published: June 2020

Traumatic events can have significant physical, psychological, and neurological effects on an individual. Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a psychological condition that can result from experiencing or witnessing a traumatic event. Women have a higher risk of PTSD than men do, and because PTSD has been shown to increase the risk of suicidal ideations and behavior, homicidal behavior, and general violence in the community and in the home, women are at a great risk (Levine & Land, 2014). This paper explores the use of dance/movement therapy (DMT) as an intervention to treat women suffering with PTSD. Examining the connection between the body, the mind, and the brain for individuals who have experienced traumatic events helps to highlight how multifaceted treatment methods for PTSD, such as DMT, can be more effective. Semi-structured phone interviews were conducted with 15 dance/movement therapists about the use of DMT with women experiencing PTSD. Using methods rooted in content and thematic analysis, the present study examined the emergent theme of intervention tools and tactics. The results highlight the core elements of the intervention that may be integrated into social work practice, in an effort to better support women with PTSD.
Policy Advocacy on Women's Issues in India
Authors: Dhaske Govind
Published: June 2020

Advocating human development and social justice, and influencing the policy-induced change, are primary roles of social workers. However, in India, policy advocacy on women’s issues involves context-specific challenges due to politico-religious society and institutions. Social workers are challenged by different gendered beliefs across public and private systems while promoting gender equality in India. Therefore, policy advocacy on women’s issues implies changing gendered social contexts and confront a range of entities and institutions governed by state policies. Using a conceptual approach, author outlines challenges for social work in advocating women’s issues in India. The paper concludes with suggestions for social work education and practice for effective policy advocacy on gender issues in India.
Understanding and Confronting Racial Microaggression
Authors: Forrest-Bank Shandra
Published: June 2020

Racial discrimination is a matter of public health and social justice and an issue that lies at the very heart of the social work profession. Modern forms of racial discrimination are frequently hidden, subtle, and unintended. This type of discrimination, described by the construct of racial microaggression, poses significant challenges to social work practitioners, educators, and researchers striving to promote justice and equality. The construct, however, also offers a powerful tool for understanding and intervening in discrimination. This paper defines and traces recent developments related to the concept of racial microaggression and discusses how acts of microaggression perpetuate prejudice and oppression. The tenets of Critical Race Theory, in which the construct of microaggression is grounded, is presented with a discussion for why postracial discourse may be counterproductive toward efforts aimed at deconstructing and eliminating racism. The paper concludes with specific recommendations for how the social work profession can integrate knowledge about microaggression into practice, policy, education, research, and intervention in a way that avoids potential pitfalls associated with addressing this sensitive issue.
Aboriginal Women and the Canadian Criminal Justice System
Authors: Reitmanova Sylvia , Henderson Robyn
Published: June 2020

The purpose of this policy review was to critically examine the Aboriginal Justice Strategy (AJS), which is a federal governmental program founded in 1991 to combat the problem of high rates of criminality in the Aboriginal population in Canada. Considering the high recidivism rates of AJS program participants, we suggest the AJS is not as effective in achieving its objectives. Looking at this strategy through a lens of structural social work, we found that it is inattentive to the impact of structural factors on criminality in some Aboriginal communities, groups, and individuals. Also, the strategy does not take into consideration gender-based factors that influence the interaction of Aboriginal men and women with the criminal justice system, which is profoundly different. Moreover, the strategy is inattentive to the five pathways that often bring Aboriginal women into contact with the criminal justice system - poverty, violence, sex trade, mental illness, and addiction. These pathways are inherently linked to the primary structures of colonialism, racism, and sexism, which continue to oppress Aboriginal women in Canada. For these reasons, we proposed that gender-based analysis would be useful for an improved understanding of these pathways. We also provided several recommendations for lowering the rates of crime committed by Aboriginal women, which include, state supported economic investments for community development, job creation, education attainment, and employability skills as well as policies against homelessness and supports for trauma, addictions, and mental health issues.
Social Work and the Moral Economy of Water
Authors: Case Robert
Published: June 2020

This paper presents highlights from research on community-based water activism in Guelph, Ontario, Canada – one of the most water-rich regions of the world. Social network analysis in conjunction with qualitative methods was used to explore the influence of water activists' normative motivations on the mobilization of collective action on water issues. The findings revealed that even where scarcity is only a remote, long-term threat, decision-making and economic activity involving water have the potential to trigger local citizen action based on a fundamental conflict between the drive of commodification and a countervailing, popularly-held normative consensus concerning water. The findings suggest that a popular consensus that holds water as a commons – and as such, places universal access to water, environmental sustainability, and local community self-reliance ahead of profit making – is an important trigger for collective action when violated by decisions or actions taken in the local community. Understood as such, I draw on scholarship on the moral economy to argue that collective action on water issues in Guelph exposes a unifying theme that connects Guelph's water activists to each other and to a growing worldwide movement to defend the water commons. Moreover, with Canadian social work striving to incorporate matters of environmental justice into its scholarship and practice, in this paper I outline a rationale and identify priorities for social work involvement in this area.
Oh Baltimore
Authors: Van Sluytman Laurens
Published: June 2020

After years of decay, Baltimore City’s urban poor face disparities within an economic and political climate that demands austerity and personal responsibility. This qualitative research project aimed to identify the impact of deindustrialization on the socioeconomic changes within the community, the subsequent disparate incarceration rates, and burden on affected individuals, communities, and organizations. We also theorized the best practices for advocacy and community organizing. The findings suggest that in many communities, the nature of social capital has transformed in relation to local and national processes, such as recession, unemployment, declines in industries, and exposure to surveillance. Though fragile, the existing community cultural and social capitals, networks critical to family functioning and daily survival, must be reappraised and integrated in participatory collaboration with stakeholders. Traditional community organizing tools must be re-examined and reframed to reach larger audiences and to build alliances.
A Simple Method for Modifying the Emergence Profile by Direct Restorations: The Biologically Active Intrasulcular Restoration Technique
Authors: Giachetti L
Published: June 2020

Clinical Relevance

It is possible to modify the natural emergence profile of the tooth using simple intrasulcular direct restorations. The shape of the intrasulcular part of the restoration will determine the design of the gingival contour.

Some clinical situations, such as the closure of pronounced diastemas and the transformation of malformed, small, or peg-shaped teeth, require a rebalancing of dental proportions accompanied by a modification of the gingival contour. A traditional treatment plan might require surgical, prosthetic, and/or orthodontic treatment, but in some cases, these therapeutic options could be considered too invasive and not always the best solution. Moreover, not all patients are ready to undergo irreversible, long, and expensive procedures. To overcome these limitations and to solve all of these clinical problems in a rapid and noninvasive way, we propose a new technique that allows us to modify the natural emergence profile of the tooth using simple intrasulcular direct restorations. Using the Biologically Active Intrasulcular Restoration technique, it is possible to rebalance tooth shape and dimensions, gingival level and contour with low biological and economic costs. This method, which does not require any preparation of the dental tissues, is reversible and minimally invasive. It is applicable to patients of all ages, and results are obtained in a single appointment.
Influence of Silver Diamine Fluoride Treatment on the Microtensile Bond Strength of Glass Ionomer Cement to Sound and Carious Dentin
Authors: Jiang M , Mei ML , Wong MCM , Chu CH , Lo ECM
Published: June 2020

Clinical Relevance

This study provides valuable information about the influence of silver diamine fluoride (SDF) treatment on the microtensile bond strength of glass ionomer cement (GIC) to dentin.

Objectives: To investigate the influence of silver diamine fluoride (SDF) treatment on the microtensile bond strength (mTBS) of glass ionomer cement (GIC) to sound and artificial carious dentin.

Methods: Thirty dentin blocks prepared from 30 noncarious human molars were randomly allocated into either the sound (Gp1) or artificial carious dentin (Gp2) groups. A microbiological method was adopted to create artificial dentin caries lesions in Gp2 specimens. Each dentin block was sectioned into two halves perpendicularly, and each pair of block halves was randomly assigned to two subgroups to receive topical application of SDF (Gp1-SDF, Gp2-SDF) or water as control (Gp1-water, Gp2-water). An encapsulated GIC was bonded to the exposed dentin surfaces 14 days after the SDF/water application. After immersion for 7 days in artificial saliva, the GIC-dentin specimens were sectioned into beams for mTBS testing. Failure mode was examined after the mTBS test.

Results: There was no significant difference in the mean mTBS values between the SDF and control subgroups (Gp1-SDF vs Gp1-water, 10.57±1.6 MPa vs 10.20±1.8 MPa; Gp2-SDF vs Gp2-water, 6.14±2.2 MPa vs 5.97±2.3 MPa; paired t-test, p>0.05). However, the mean mTBS value of the sound dentin group was significantly higher than that of the carious dentin group, irrespective of whether SDF was applied prior to GIC bonding (independent t-test, p<0.001). Proportionally more cohesive failures occurred in the sound dentin groups (Gp1-SDF, 48.4%; Gp1-water, 42.9%) compared with the carious dentin groups (Gp2-SDF, 15.6%; Gp2-water, 9.8%; p<0.05).

Conclusions: SDF treatment had no significant influence on the mTBS of GIC to dentin. Compared with sound dentin, dentin with caries had lower mTBS to GIC.
The Impact of Tourism on the Marine Environment
Authors: Swarbrooke Professor John
Published: June 2020

The first text to take a truly inter-disciplinary approach to critically examining the impacts of tourism on marine environments and coastal regions, focusing on the negative environmental impacts but also looking at the social and economic impacts.
Uttalet i läroböcker i svenska som andraspråk från begriplighetsperspektiv
Authors: Heinonen Henna
Published: June 2020

I denna artikel studerar jag hur uttal presenteras i finska gymnasieläroböcker (n=10) i svenska som andra språk. Syftet är att undersöka vilka uttalsdrag som tas upp i läroböckerna och relationen mellan dessa drag och begriplighet. Metoden som jag använder är kvalitativ innehållsanalys.

Prosodiska drag har ansetts ha en stor betydelse för begriplighet. Vad det gäller svenska är speciellt satsrytm viktig. Analysen visar dock att uppmärksamheten oftast fästs vid enskilda segment (språkljud) och ord. Uttalet av hela satser övas också men regler eller anvisningar om produktionen av prosodiska drag presenteras bristfälligt. Att ange explicita råd och att göra inläraren medveten har i tidigare undersökningar noterats vara effektivt eller till och med nödvändigt för inlärning av prosodin.

Uttalsmålet för inlärarna på denna nivå är att uttalet är helt begripligt och att inläraren kan tillämpa flera uttalsregler. Att det saknas regler och anvisningar i läroböckerna medför att läraren har en stor roll i att inläraren når målen i uttalet. Presentationen och övandet av prosodiska drag bör vara i nyckelposition i undervisning som syftar till ett begripligt uttal.