bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Hearing Aid Fitting and Fine-tuning Strategies Implemented by Certified Audiologists in India
Authors: Sigdel Surakshya , Srividya A. , Babu Praveena
Published: June 2024

Background:

Management of hearing-impaired individuals using hearing aids requires expertise in fitting formulas, compression methods, frequency adjustments, microphone directionality, noise reduction algorithms, and feedback management. There are abundant online resources/guidelines for programming and fine-tuning hearing aids. The fitting strategies for hearing aids can differ among professionals based on their expertise and convenience.

Aims and Objectives:

The survey study aimed to gain comprehension of the methods used by audiologists practicing in Indian subcontinent in choosing, fitting, and tuning hearing aids for adults with hearing impairment.

Materials and Methods:

A web-based survey with a 25-item questionnaire was carried out among audiologists nationwide, addressing topics such as hearing aid selection and fitting techniques. Among the audiologists practicing in India, 77 audiologists from various workplaces across India responded to the survey. The data gathered were then subjected to descriptive analysis.

Results:

The study showed that the selection of hearing aids depended on the extent of hearing loss and the main listening needs of the person. Audiologists generally used manufacturers’ initial fit and their expertise to adjust different signal processing features and considered patient feedback for additional adjustments. Most audiologists use only pure-tone audiometry for the initial evaluation of hearing abilities.

Conclusion:

The findings of the research underscore the absence of standardized procedures for audiologists in the fitting of hearing aids, considering the numerous signal-processing approaches present in contemporary hearing technology. Despite exponential advancements in hearing aid technology, there remains a scarcity of concise and accessible information that would enable audiologists to utilize such sophisticated technologies during fitting and tuning effectively.
Mutation Studies of 31 Highly Mutated Y-chromosomal Short Tandem Repeat Systems in the Han Population of Northern China
Authors: Hao Shicheng , Chen Jinghan , He Hang , Yuan Li
Published: June 2024

A six-color fluorescent multiplex amplification system for 31 Y-chromosomal short tandem repeats (Y-STRs) (DYS19, DYS390, DYS391, DYF399S1, DYF404S1, DYS439, DYS444, DYS449, DYS452, DYS456, DYS458, DYS460, DYS481, DYS508, DYS513, DYS516, DYS518, DYS543, DYS547, DYS549, DYS552, DYS557, DYS570, DYS576, DYS612, DYS622, DYS626, DYS627, DYS630, DYS635, and Y-GATA-A10) was developed for investigating the mutation rates of 31 highly mutated Y-STR genes in the Han population of northern China. The mutation rates of the 31 highly mutated Y-STRs were calculated using the father–son pair study method after typing 526 Northern Han father–son pairs with this system. Statistically, 148 Y-STR mutations were found, with mutation rates ranging from 0 (95% confidence interval [CI] 0 to 9.0 × 10−3, DYS622) to 7.0 × 10−2 (95% CI 5.1 × 10−2 to 9.7 × 10−2, DYF399S1). Out of these, 126 father–son pairs were successfully identified, with a distinction rate of 24.0% (95% CI 20.4%–27.9%). The ability of the 31 highly mutated Y-STRs to distinguish closely related males from the same paternal lineage in the Northern Han population is extremely valuable for criminal investigations and other purposes.
Impact of full coverage of population with Long-Lasting Insecticidal Nets (LLINs) on malaria vector density in Gadchiroli district of Maharashtra, India
Authors: Kumar Gaurav , Ojha VP
Published: June 2024

Background & objectives:

Long-lasting insecticidal nets (LLINs) are a major weapon in the fight against malaria. But protection of each family member is not possible with current distribution system with 80% coverage. Therefore, we hypothesized that the distribution of LLIN to every member of a household will be more effective at reducing vector density and ultimately malaria in endemic areas like district Gadchiroli of Maharashtra, India.

Methods:

The three sub centers Kulbhati, Pannemara and Yerkad of Murumgaon Primary Health Center of Gadchiroli district were selected for the study based on malaria incidence and LLIN distribution. Pre-structured questionnaires were filled to know the distribution and use of LLIN as baseline, thereafter additional LLINs were distributed in selected villages for 100% coverage of population. Entomological surveys were undertaken to know the impact of LLIN on vector mosquito density.

Results:

A total of 250 houses were surveyed in these villages and questionnaires were filled regarding bednet distribution and their use. 507 LLIN were distributed in study villages (population 1270) of Murumgaon PHC. In four selected villages, additional 409 LLIN were distributed for 100% coverage of population with bed nets. Man hour density of vector mosquito in human dwellings in the experimental villages was significantly reduced, 0–19 in comparison to control (0–66). In cattle sheds, MHD of An. culicifacies was observed to be 1-243 in experimental villages vis-à-vis 1-179 in control villages. During exit trap collection of mosquitoes, ~94 % mosquitoes were deterred from blood feeding.

Interpretation & conclusion:

In this study there was a significant impact of insecticide-treated nets on vector mosquito density in human dwellings. Thus, 100% coverage of human populations with LLINs may be an important tool in controlling malaria situation in endemic areas like Gadchiroli.
Indicators sandflies and environment associated to spatial landscaping change in Chocó Biosphere Reserve UNESCO
Authors: Enríquez Sandra , Arrivillaga-Henríquez Jazzmín , Duque Paul , Herrera Vanessa , Vaca Franklin , Sánchez Marco , Roldán Mateo , Ron-Garrido Lenin , Molina C Alfonso
Published: June 2024

Background & objectives:

Sandflies are vector insects associated with terrestrial forest ecosystems; in the Ecuadorian Andes, they participate in the transmission of human cutaneous leishmaniasis. This geographical area represents an opportunity to evaluate the role of sandflies as bioindicators of the degree of intervention of tropical humid forest ecosystems (THF) associated with changes in the ecology of the local landscape.

Methods:

CDC-light traps were used for collecting adult sandflies in February 2020 in a humid tropical forest within the Chocó Biosphere Reserve. All species were identified using morphological keys. Analysis data about abundance, richness, species accumulation, diversity index, species composition communities, species sex proportion, spatial sandflies environmental, Renyi’s Diversity Profile were performed to compare six spatial habitats in Mashpi locality, Ecuador.

Results:

Sandflies were collected (n-1435); the main species are represented by Trichophoromyia reburra, Nyssomyia trapidoi, Psathyromyia aclydifera, Psychodopygus panamensis and Lutzomyia hartmanni. Only Th. reburra is associated with not intervened forest, while the other three species are associated with intervened forest within Mashpi in the Choco Biosphere Reserve. The secondary forest has major sandflies’ richness, while the primary forest exhibits major abundance.

Interpretation & conclusion:

Th. reburra is a sandfly restricted to the Andean Forest and is a bioindicator of the high environmental health quality of the forest, while Ny. trapidoi and Pa. aclydifera are bioindicators of environmental disturbances in the forest. Additionally, Ps. panamensis, Lu. hartmanni and Ny. trapidoi are bioindicators of human impact and the risk of leishmaniasis.
Elemental (CNS) and isotopic (δ13C and δ15N) characterization of local sources to atmospheric dust at Trombay, Mumbai, using elemental analyzer–isotope ratio mass spectrometry
Authors: Yadav V. B. , Pulhani Vandana , Kumar A Vinod
Published: June 2024

Particulate matter (PM) in the air has significant implications for human health and the environment, particularly in urban areas with high concentrations. This study focuses on the isotopic (δ13C and δ15N), elemental (CNS) as well as the total carbon to total nitrogen ratio (TC/TN) characterization of PM in Trombay, Mumbai. Monthly atmospheric dust samples were collected from 2016 to 2020 during the premonsoon and postmonsoon seasons. The average elemental concentrations for premonsoon samples were N (1.73% ± 0.25%), C (7.38% ± 0.72%), S (0.84% ± 0.13%), and TC/TN ratio (4.38 ± 0.86). For postmonsoon samples, the average elemental concentrations were N (1.47% ± 0.185%), C (6.95% ± 1.04%), S (0.84% ± 0.13%), and TC/TN ratio (4.80 ± 0.94). The average δ13C values for premonsoon and postmonsoon seasons were −24.31 ± 1.15‰ and −24.56 ± 1.20‰, respectively. The average δ15N values for premonsoon and postmonsoon seasons were 5.22 ± 1.92‰ and 4.57 ± 1.32‰, respectively. The results showed variations in elemental concentrations between the seasons, with higher values observed in premonsoon samples which can be attributed to increased dust generation from land and sea. Overall, this study provides insights into the local sources and characteristics of PM in the Trombay area and highlights the importance of long-term monitoring to understand the seasonal variations in PM composition.
Sensitivity and uncertainty analysis in predicting hygroscopic growth of aerosols for atmospheric and nuclear relevance
Authors: Khandare Pallavi , Mariam  , Joshi Manish , Khan Arshad , Santra S. , Sapra B.K.
Published: June 2024

Sensitivity and uncertainty analysis serves as a tool for modeling physical phenomenon and evaluating the model validity. It finds applications in simulating the dynamical behavior of aerosols in different contexts. Hygroscopic growth of aerosol particles is one such domain where it can optimize the accuracy of model output greatly. Accurate prediction of hygroscopic growth characteristics depends on the intrinsic parameters and the size-dependent evolution of growth factors. In reactor accident scenarios, growth characteristics of fission/activation product aerosols play a significant role in determining the airborne or deposited fraction. Köhler theory is fundamentally used to predict the growth behavior of aerosols with a detailed physical explanation of critical size and supersaturation characteristics. Alternative approaches including modified Köhler theories and semi-empirical models rely on the linkage of physical and chemical composition-based parameters. The variation of involved parameters and the choice of working range influence the outcome of the theory greatly. This study is focused on sensitivity analysis of the modified Köhler theory given by Brechtel and Kreidenweis and the evaluation of sensitivity and associated uncertainty in the parameters. Monte Carlo approach has been employed, and sensitivity indices were obtained. Identified sensitive parameters were dry particle diameter, solute density, molecular weight, and chemical composition dependent factor (b0). These parameters require careful attention while designing experimental measurements and/or preprocessing model inputs. All sensitive parameters were subjected to uncertainty analysis and the overall output of the aerosol growth code thus obtained has been observed to follow log-normal law with median size at 335.2 nm with a geometric standard deviation of 1.54. This finds applications in the case of studies aiming to predict the growth of aerosols in the reactor component systems during accident conditions. In such conditions, there lies no choice of selection of input parameters and one cannot be sure about their variation range. This provides a conservative estimate for such a random scenario as uncertainty analysis performed in this study covers all the random combinations of input parameters and the overall most probable grown droplet size is estimated.
Effectiveness of Audiovisual Distraction in Reducing Children’s Anxiety for Pain During Medical and Dental Treatments: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
Authors: Patil Raju Umaji , Onkari Prajakta Somappa , Gurunathan Deepa
Published: June 2024

Background:

Audiovisual distraction is a potentially good technique to reduce medical treatment procedure-related fear and anxiety among children. However, few studies have assessed its effectiveness.

Objective:

To conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis for evaluating the effectiveness of audiovisual distraction in reducing pain anxiety in pediatrics.

Methods:

Randomized control trials and experimental studies that reported the use of audiovisual distraction during medical/dental treatments among children aged 3–8 years, used the Face, Legs, Activity, Cry, Consolability (FLACC) scale to assess pain, and were published between 2005–2021 and in English were retrieved from PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science. A random-effects model was used for evidence analysis.

Results:

A total of four studies were included in the systematic review and meta-analysis: two were from South Asia and one each were from Africa and North America. Three of these studies were randomized control trials. The variability among the studies was high. Three of the four studies found that AV techniques were significantly effective in reducing pain during procedures compared with the control group (P < 0.00001), while one study found no difference; the cumulative evidence in the forest plot was similar.

Conclusion:

Cumulative evidence suggests that the use of audiovisual distraction is an effective strategy in reducing medical/dental procedures-related pain anxiety among children aged 3–8 years. However, evidence on this is currently limited, and thus further studies are required using various AD techniques and on different populations to substantiate these findings.

Funding:

None.

Registration:

PROSPERO (Ref no.: CRD42021245874).
Development and Validation of the Saudi Telehealth Acceptance Scale Based on the Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology
Authors: Almojaibel Abdullah A.
Published: June 2024

Background:

Telehealth is in early stages in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA). Identifying barriers to using telehealth is an essential step prior to its implementation; however, no theoretically based scales exist for the same purpose.

Objective:

To design a theory-based scale capable of measuring telehealth users’ perceptions of benefits, barriers, and social influence in the KSA.

Methods:

The Saudi Telehealth Acceptance Scale (STAS) was constructed based on the Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology and its content validity was determined by eight experts using the modified Delphi process. Only items with a content validity index score of ≥0.83 were chosen. Finally, the face validity of the questionnaire for healthcare professionals, which was in English, was determined by eight healthcare professionals, and for the patient version, which was in Arabic, by six patients.

Results:

Initially, 37 items were identified; however, after Round 1, 29 items remained and after Round 2, 24 items were included in the STAS for both healthcare professionals and patients. In the healthcare professionals scale, there were 7 performance expectancy (PE) items, 6 effort expectancy (EE) items, 3 social influence (SI) items, 4 facilitating conditions (FC) items, and 4 behavioral intention (BI) items, while in the scale for patients, there were 9 PE items, 4 EE items, 3 SI items, 4 FC items, and 4 BI items.

Conclusions:

The two new scales showed evidence of content and face validity. The significance of the two scales is that they were both designed in the context of the healthcare system in the KSA and could provide standardized data collection tools to measure the acceptance of telehealth among HCPs and patients.
Correlation between Illness Perception and Medication Adherence among Adult Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in Saudi Arabia
Authors: Alharbi Samaher , Alhofaian Aisha , Alaamri Marym M.
Published: June 2024

Objectives:

This study aimed to assess the level of illness perception and medication adherence among adult patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia, with a specific focus on understanding how these two factors may be related.

Materials and Methods:

This descriptive correlation study included all adult patients with T2DM attending the Jeddah Care Centre for Diabetes and Hypertension at King Abdulaziz Hospital between January and April 2022. Data were collected using a questionnaire that elicited sociodemographic and clinical information, and the Arabic versions of the Brief Illness Perception Questionnaire and the Morisky Medication Adherence Scale. Descriptive statistics and Pearson’s correlation analysis were used for data analysis.

Results:

A total of 365 patients were included (mean age: 50.9 ± 15.9 years), with the majority being female (53.4%). Overall, the level of medication adherence was moderate (mean score: 5.36 ± 1.73). Patients with lower medication adherence perceived the consequences of T2DM as more severe, had a stronger association with the illness identity, and experienced more intense emotional responses (for all, P < 0.001). Conversely, patients with higher adherence had a greater sense of personal control, a stronger belief in treatment effectiveness, and a better understanding of the illness (for all, P < 0.001).

Conclusion:

The study found a correlation between illness perception and medication adherence in patients with T2DM. Addressing patients’ perceptions may enhance their ability to manage the condition more effectively.
Myopic shift, refractive, and visual outcomes after 5 years of infantile cataract surgery: Our experience and review of literature
Authors: Gupta Shreya , Ramteke Sakshi , Chattannavar Goura , Kekunnaya Ramesh
Published: June 2024

PURPOSE:

After infantile cataract surgery, axial elongation, induces a myopic shift that cannot be fully compensated by corneal flattening and the rate is unpredictable owing to the non-linear growth of the eye. The current prospective study assesses the myopic shift and visual outcomes in children undergoing cataract surgery in infancy over a follow-up period of 5 years.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:

A prospective study conducted at a tertiary eye care center to evaluate the five-year myopic shift, refractive and visual outcomes in infants, who underwent surgery for congenital cataract in infancy. The visual acuity, myopic shift and biometric changes are compared between the aphakia and pseudophakia group.

RESULTS:

The mean best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) recorded in logMAR at 5 years for aphakia group was 0.92±0.44 and for pseudophakia group was 0.66±0.42. (pvalue: 0.002102). The myopic shift was noted to be -5.9+/-5.16 in the aphakia group whereas it was -9.01+/- 3.11 in the pseudophakia group (P value= 0.002101) at 5 years after surgery for infantile cataract.

CONCLUSION:

IOL implantation in eyes of infants undergoing cataract surgery is feasible in eyes that strictly satisfy the pre-operative inclusion criteria and the visual outcomes in these eyes are better compared to aphakia group at 5 years follow up. Eyes with primary IOL implantation had a higher myopic shift compared to ones without primary IOL implantation. Eyes undergoing primary IOL implantation, need higher under correction compared to the current available formulae.
The impact of light properties on ocular growth and myopia development
Authors: Chen Ying-Yi , Tsai Tzu-Hsun , Liu Yao-Lin , Lin Hui-Ju , Wang I-Jong
Published: June 2024

The objective of this article is to comprehensively review the effect of environmental lighting on ocular growth and refractive status in both animal and clinical studies, with an emphasis on the underlying mechanisms. This review was performed by searching research articles and reviews utilizing the terms “myopia,” “light therapy,” “axial length,” “refractive error,” and “emmetropization” in PubMed datasets. The review was finalized in December 2023. In the animal studies, high lighting brightness, illumination periods aligning with circadian rhythm, and color contrast signals including multiple wavelengths all help regulate ocular growth against myopia. Long wavelengths have been found to induce myopia in chicks, mice, fish, and guinea pigs, whereas shorter wavelengths lead to hyperopia. In contrast, red light has been observed to have a protective effect against myopia in tree shrews and rhesus monkeys. Apart from wavelength, flicker status also showed inconsistent effects on ocular growth, which could be attributed to differences in ocular refractive status, evolutionary disparities in retinal cone cells across species, and the selection of myopia induction models in experiments. In the clinical studies, current evidence suggests a control effect with red light therapy. Although the lighting conditions diverge from those in animal experiments, further reports are needed to assess the long-term effects. In conclusion, this review encompasses research related to the impact of light exposure on myopia and further explores the retinoscleral signaling pathway in refractive development. The aim is to establish a theoretical foundation for optimizing environmental factors in lighting design to address the epidemic of childhood myopia.
Impact of coal depository and slag disposal from the Plomin thermal power plant on soil composition: insights from geochemical, mineralogical, and organic petrological analyses, Istria, Croatia
Authors:   Institute of Earth Sciences, Heidelberg University, Germany, Pongrac Petar , Troskot Čorbić Tamara ,   INA -Oil Company, Plc., Exploration & Production, Exploration & Upstream portfolio development, Zagreb, Croatia;, Durn Goran ,   Faculty of Mining Geology and Petroleum Engineering, University of Zagreb, Croatia
Published: June 2024

The potential impact of the open coal depository and the slag disposal of the Plomin thermal power plant (PTPP) on the composition of the surrounding soils was investigated. A comprehensive approach taken included analyses of mineral composition, potentially toxic element content, their bonding properties, distribution to specific geochemical fractions in the soil and investigation of the soil organic petrology and geochemistry. The Cambisols at two sampling sites exhibited a coal dust-covered upper horizon, which led us to consider these soil profiles as Technosol over Cambisol. For practical reasons, we have used the terms Technosol and Cambisol for the upper and lower parts of these profiles respectively. These formations were developed by the long-term deposition of coal dust and slag particles originating from the open coal depository and slag disposal of the PTPP, and widespread wind dispersion. The Technosols, characterized by higher concentrations of lignite and lignite-subbituminous coal, showed elevated levels of C and S. Analysis of the slag sample revealed a mineral composition of mullite, tridymite, graphite, haematite and an amorphous phase, indicating material formation by high temperature coal combustion. The PTPP was identified as the main contributor to the elevated concentrations of Hg, Mo, Se, Sb, U and Cd. The Technosols showed a significant enrichment in Hg, Sb, Se, Mo and U compared to the Cambisols. In the Technosols, elements such as As, Cr, Cu, Fe, Ni and Zn were primarily associated with the organic and Fe-Mn fractions, whereas in the Cambisols these elements, (with the exception of Cu), are mainly associated with the organic and residual fractions. Cadmium, Mn and Pb were predominantly bound to the carbonate and Fe-Mn fractions in all the analyzed samples. The non-residual fraction has been proven to be the predominant repository for As, Zn and Ni in the Technosols and slag, and for Mn, Zn and Cd in the Cambisols. The total content of C and S in the soils and their ratio (C/S) confirmed the higher contamination of soils in the vicinity of the PTPP with coal material. Detection of the coke and soot in the slag sample substantiated its composition as bottom coal ash. In addition, the presence of the bottom coal ash particles in the Cambisol underlined the airborne dispersal of the slag and its integration into the soil composition.
Palaeoenvironmental reconstruction of Holocene calcareous tufas distributed over a manganese deposit in Mexico
Authors:   Department of Mines, Metallurgy and Geology, University of Guanajuato, Mexico, Puy-Alquiza Maria Jesus , Miranda-Avilés Raúl ,   Department of Mines, Metallurgy and Geology, University of Guanajuato, Mexico, Puy Miren Yosune Miranda ,   Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Departamento de Ciencias Agrogenómicas, Escuela Nacional de Estudios Superiores Unidad León, Guanajuato, Mexico, Kshirsagar Pooja Vinod ,   Department of Mines, Metallurgy and Geology, University of Guanajuato, Mexico, Zanor Gabriela A. ,   Universidad de Guanajuato, Departamento de Alimentos, División de Ciencias de la vida, Universidad de Guanajuato, Campus Irapuato-Salamanca, Guanajuato, México, Del Rincon- Castro Ma. Cristina ,   Universidad de Guanajuato, Departamento de Ciencias Ambientales, División Ciencias de la Vida, Campus Irapuato-Salamanca, Guanajuato, Mexico
Published: June 2024

The Holocene calcareous tufa deposits are located in the north-central sector of the state of Hidalgo, Mexico. These deposits outcrop on the Upper Jurassic Chipoco Formation in the Molango Manganese District. Calcareous tufa deposits correspond to carbonate formations of inactive tufas disconnected from the current hydrological network. To better understand the textural, geochemical, and biological characteristics and environmental conditions during their formation, a detailed study involving field analysis, X-ray diffraction analysis, X-ray fluorescence analysis, and morphometric analysis with light microscopy, and scanning electron microscopy was carried out. Similarly, 14C analysis was undertaken to determine the age of the deposit. On this basis, two biofacies were defined, one with stem structures and the other with Phyto clasts, bryophytes (Plagiomnium cuspidatum), and copepods, limited both at the base and the top by lenticular-shaped erosive surfaces and sigmoidal clinoforms. These bio facies formed in lacustrine and paludal environments, and barrier waterfalls. From a geomorphological point of view, the accumulations of these calcareous tufas originated on slopes and/or at the foot of karstic springs, where the accumulation of material originated from the height of the spring with respect to the bottom of the valley, giving rise to a set of stepped tuffaceous plains with a wedge-shaped profile, colonized by important masses of bryophyte mounds, copepods, and vascular plants. This suggests a swampy environment where sedimentation took place in shallow water accumulations, where there is clear evidence of exposure and pedogenetic modification, indicating wet and dry episodes that translate into seasonal fluctuations in the water table. Six mineral phases were observed including silicates, carbonates and arsenates. The 14C analysis indicates that the plant found in the charcoal sample within the calcareous tufa deposit is of Holocene age.
Axle Flange Sources of Driveline Imbalance: Calculation Methods from
Runout and Location Error, with Validation
Authors: Leslie Andrew C. , Liew Andrew , Baddeley Viv , Dent Solomon , Meehan Paul A.
Published: June 2024

The axle, or differential, flange is understood to be a large source of vehicle
driveline imbalance, or unbalance, through defining the center of rotation of a
driveshaft. The tolerances and methods of manufacturing and assembly are
therefore very important. The aim of the current investigation, is to understand
and quantify the imbalance contributions from flange radial and axial runout,
along with location error between the driveshaft and axle flange. An overview of
the measured radial and axial runouts from a population of 100 axle assemblies
is presented, including correlation of the imbalance amplitude distributions to
some standard probability density functions. It was found from the
investigation, that it is important to understand the nature of any source of
runout, relative to any subassembly/component-level balancing, in modeling the
transfer function from runout to imbalance loading. Methods for calculating the
imbalance of an assembled driveline are presented, which include the mass levels
of important driveline components in their calculation. Two methods of
quantifying the weight contribution are given—the “distributed weight” method
and the “hung mass” method. The latter is known to be used in some parts of the
industry. The “distributed weight” method led to an improved estimate of the
contribution from the driveshaft tube mass on the imbalance force at the axle
flange. Two methods of dealing with the radial and axial runout of an axle
flange are discussed—the industry-standard “CFRO” method (combined flange run
out) and the “IIRA” (individual imbalance forces from radial and axial runout)
method. The CFRO method tended to lead to overestimation of the level of runout
imbalance. The contribution of imbalance due to location error between the
driveshaft and axle flange is identified and quantified with results, for the
100 axle assemblies of measured data, given. It is hoped and intended to be a
useful guide to the NVH engineer doing the calculation of imbalance loading from
axle runout.
Link between irritable bowel syndrome, depression, and colorectal cancer risk in young patients: Age-matched nationwide population-based study
Authors: Mellacheruvu Sai Priyanka , Lekkala Sai Prasanna , Chauhan Sukhjinder , Mohammed Adil Sarvar , Mundla Sravya R , Shenoy Ankita , Mohammed Bilal Khan , Bawa Jerrin , Nallapothula Shantha , Gurram Priyatham , Jain Akhil , Desai Rupak , Nayeem Mohammed Mustafa
Published: June 2024

BACKGROUND

There exists a link between irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) and depression. Similarly, chronic depression is known to increase the risk of cancer in general. In this population-based analysis, we investigated the prevalence and the odds of colorectal cancer (CRC) in young-depressed patients with IBS.

AIM

To investigate the relationship between IBS and CRC in young, depressed patients using a nationally representative United States inpatient sample.

METHODS

The 2019 National Inpatient Sample was used to identify young (18-44 years) patients admitted with comorbid depression in the presence vs absence of IBS using relevant International Classification of Diseases, Tenth Revision, Clinical Modification codes. Primary endpoint was the prevalence and odds of CRC in age matched (1:1) young-depressed cohort hospitalized with IBS (IBS+) vs without IBS (IBS-). Multivariable regression analysis was performed adjusting for potential confounders.

RESULTS

Age-matched (1:1) young-depressed IBS+ (83.9% females, median age 36 years) and IBS- (65.8% females, median age 36 years) cohorts consisted of 14370 patients in each group. IBS+ cohort had higher rates of hypertension, uncomplicated diabetes, hyperlipidemia, obesity, peripheral vascular disease, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, hypothyroidism, prior stroke, prior venous thromboembolism, anxiety, bipolar disorder, and borderline personality disorder (P < 0.005) vs the IBS- cohort. However, prior myocardial infarction, acquired immunodeficiency syndrome, dementia, smoking, alcohol abuse, and drug abuse (P < 0.005) are high in IBS- cohort. The rate of CRC was comparable in both cohorts [IBS+ n = 25 (0.17%) vs IBS- n = 35 (0.24%)]. Compared to the IBS- cohort, the odds ratio (OR) of developing CRC was not significantly higher [OR 0.71, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.23-2.25)] in IBS+ cohort. Also, adjusting for baseline sociodemographic and hospital characteristics and relevant comorbidities, the OR was found to be non-significant (OR 0.89, 95%CI 0.21-3.83).

CONCLUSION

This nationwide propensity-matched analysis revealed comparable prevalence and risk of CRC in young-depressed patients with vs without IBS. Future large-scale prospective studies are needed to evaluate the long-term effects of depression and its treatment on CRC risk and outcomes in IBS patients.
Artificial Neural Network Algorithm in Nutritional Assessment: Implication for Machine Learning Prediction in Nutritional Assessments in Strict Veganism
Authors: Matthew Ugochukwu Okwudili , Fatai Lateef Olawale , Adekunle Temitope Samson , Waliu Ajibola Olaosebikan , Oladipupo Matthew Abiola , Ebong Godwin Nse
Published: June 2024

A considerable number of published research has indicated that evaluating the success of weightloss therapy involves proper dietary examination. On the other hand, the bulk of dietary evaluation methods currently in use have favored manual memory recall. In the  current study, we used an artificial neural network (ANN) machine learning algorithm to construct an artificial intelligencebased  nutritional assessment system. The algorithm used information from a user's regular meals as well as their preexisting health indicators  to formulate a machine based nutritional assessment requirement. ANN-based nutritional evaluation approaches will make it possible to  assess eating habits, recommend daily meals, and improve general health. In particular, we develop a machine learning technique to  identify multiple food items by classifying them using an ANN machine algorithm and identifying suitable nutritional assessments using  anthropometric, biochemical, clinical, and dietary (ABCD) data. Using an ANN machine learning model, the artificial intelligence system  initially creates a number of proposals from the input. Next, using information from the unique ABCD nutritional evaluation, it creates  feature maps for each proposal and used the ANN machine learning algorithm to classify diet interval and its composition. Lastly, using the UK-based Dietary Reference Values (DRVs) ranges as a basis, we examined the user's nutritional evaluation obtained from the  system. The results of the experiment shown that our system can reliably identify food items and quickly provide nutritional assessment  reports, which will give users a clear understanding of practical and healthy eating recommendations in a strictly vegan diet.
The Role of Microorganisms in Food Production
Authors: Rabiu Sani , Isah Kamilu
Published: June 2024

Microorganisms play a vital role in production of foods and food additives such as edible mushroom which serve as an excellent source of  carbohydrates, vitamins, minerals, proteins, and low-fat content. However, mushroom’s protein contains essential amino acids  required by humans. Seaweeds (edible algae) have high protein contents and also rich in vitamin B12, iron, and a trace amount of Mg, Zn,  Cu, Ca, K, and folic acid. Microorganisms produce single cell protein (SCP) which acts as a protein supplement for animals and human  feed. Lactobacillus species, Pseudomonas fluorescens, Bacillus megatarium, Aspergillus species among others, is utilized to produce SCP. Many bacterial and fungal genera, which include Aspergillus, Leuconostoc, Bacillus, Candida, Saccharomyces, Lactobacillus,  Gluconobacter, and so on, produce enzymes and organic acids used to ferment various foods and dairy products such as cheese, yogurt,  wine, bread, beer and others. They are also used as additivesin foods, preservatives, and flavoring agents. This includes genera like  Saccharomyces, Bacillus, Aspergillus, and many others. Microorganisms play a significant role in enhancing food production which  improves the life of humans and other animals and promotes health and well-being.
ТЕХНОЛОГІЧНІ РИЗИКИ ПРИ МАНЕВРУВАННІ МОРСЬКОГО СУДНА В РЕЙСОВОМУ ЦИКЛІ
Authors: Шумілова Катерина , Шумілов Дмитро
Published: June 2024

Інтенсивне зростання кібератак, які створюють пошкодження програмного забезпечення електронних навігаційних систем і приладів морського судна, призвело до значних проблем в судноплавстві. Причиною виникнення кібернетичних ризиків стало стрімке впровадження інформаційних та операційних технологій і поширення мереж 5G. Кібератаки призводять до виходу з ладу інформаційно-навігаційних приладів і судноводій ніяк не може вплинути на їх стан. Відмови суднових пристроїв і механізмів, техногенні катастрофи, складні природно-кліматичні умови характеризуються хронологічними даними самих подій, умовами виникнення, джерелами небезпеки і кількісними та якісними характеристиками. Небезпечні події в судноплавстві можуть бути віднесені не тільки до навігаційних. Впливи на рух морського судна проявляються у вигляді двох видів технологічних ризиків – навігаційних і кібернетичних. Основною причиною виникнення ризиків є відсутність інформації про вірогідність їх появи. Таку інформацію може забезпечити систематизація видів технологічних ризиків при плануванні шляху рейсового циклу для прогнозування їх виникнення при переході, виконання аналізу ризиків за навігаційними посібниками під час планування, встановлення причин їх появи і підготовки судноводія для управління ними. Тому, екіпажам необхідно підготуватися до управління кібернетичними і навігаційними ризиками, з урахуванням берегового навігаційного забезпечення, умов видимості та наявності ізольованого кластера управління процесом маневрування на судні. В роботі розроблено змістовну модель планування координат шляху та способи управління навігаційними ризиками. Рекомендується постійне використання розглянутої системи контролю ширини маневреного зсуву і своєчасного реагування на відхилення від планового шляху для попередження ризиків навалу на брівку каналу, посадки на мілину та вибору безпечного маневру в стиснених умовах плавання. Розроблено аналізатор ризиків для вибору заходів щодо мінімізації їх рівня. Для управління ризиками в рейсовому циклі вибрано інженерний метод. Створено класифікацію кібернетичних ризиків в рейсовому циклі судна. Запропоновано ефективні способи управління процесом маневрування судна методом ізольованого кластера при виникненні кібератак. Оскільки завданням екіпажу є підготовка судна і команди ходового містка до плавання в умовах ризиків при переході в аварійно-небезпечних ділянках шляху, монографія є корисною для застосування в практичній роботі судноводія, оскільки враховує технологічні ризики і питання безпечного руху судна в рейсовому циклі.
EVALUASI LAJUR SEPEDA PADA JALAN PANDANARAN KOTA
Authors: Sugianto Sugianto , Jepriadi Kornelius , Rizal Fahris Miftakul
Published: June 2024

Ruas jalan Pandanaran Kota Semarang merupakan jalan vital dan daerah pusat kegiatan pertokoan, perkantoran, perhotelan, serta ruang publik. Ruas jalan tersebut juga terkoneksi dengan rute sepeda Kota Semarang. Panjang lajur sepeda pada Jalan Pandanaran sepanjang 1,5 km sementara lebar lajur sepeda sebesar 2,0 meter. Meski sudah memiliki lajur khusus sepeda yang tergabung dengan badan jalan, lajur tersebut sering dialihfungsikan untuk parkir kendaraan roda empat dan kondisi marka pembatas sudah memudar. Tujuan penelitian adalah menganalisis kondisi eksisting, evaluasi dan memberikan rekomendasi perbaikan lajur khusus sepeda. Lokasi penelitian dilaksanakan pada Jalan Pandanaran, Kecamatan Semarang Selatan, Kota Semarang. Jalan Pandanaran merupakan jalan perkotaan yang memiliki tipe jalan 4/2 D, dengan kawasan sekitar jalan merupakan daerah Central Business District. Metode yang digunakan adalah mix methods antara kualitatif dan kuantitatif dengan teknik analisis BLOS (Bicycle Level Of Service). Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan survei dan wawancara. Hasil penelitian dari analisis BLOS bahwa pada hari kerja mendapat nilai “E” dan pada hari libur mendapat nilai “D” dan “E” yang berarti lingkungan tidak baik untuk pesepeda. Sementara hasil wawancara terhadap 30 narasumber, 60% dari total 30 narasumber menyatakan bahwa lajur sepeda Jalan Pandanaran tidak layak. Untuk meningkatkan tingkat pelayanan lajur sepeda maka diperlukan upaya pembatasan kecepatan kendaraan, perbaikan kondisi perkerasan, dan penertiban parkir kendaraan.
NUEVAS TENDENCIAS EN ESTRATEGIA DE SERVICIO (HORIZONTE 2032): GOBERNANZA INTELIGENTE E INNOVACIÓN ABIERTA EN EL SECTOR PÚBLICO.
Authors: Vicente Paños Adrián
Published: June 2024

El método de trabajo trazado se basa en la investigación, como base para adquirir un conocimiento básico imprescindible de la realidad y del contexto que se pretende analizar: las nuevas tendencias en estrategia de servicio en el sector público y sobre el cual se quiere incidir con luces largas, el horizonte 2032.
LEGISLACIÓN SOBRE IGUALDAD DE GÉNERO EN ANDALUCÍA
Authors: Fernández Ramos Severiano , Pérez Monguió José María
Published: June 2024

Códigos del derecho propio de Andalucía. Nuevo Marco de las Políticas Sociales e Iguldad.
Craving Continuity: Unveiling the Impact of Integrating Information System Success and Expectation Confirmation Models on Sustained Use of Food Delivery Apps
Authors: Pasaribu Enjelita , Aruan Daniel Tumpal Hamonangan
Published: June 2024

This study aims to investigates the complex dynamics of users' intention to continue using food delivery applications, examining the interplay between information system success and expectation confirmation models. Additionally, it explores the influence of perceived promotion, perceived time saving, and the moderating effect of trust on users' inclination to persist with these applications. To gather data, a quantitative survey was conducted among 462 users of food delivery applications, selected through non-probability sampling methods. The collected data was then analyzed using Structural Equation Modeling (SEM), employing the PLS-SEM technique. The findings reveal that all the examined variables confirmation, perceived usefulness, system quality, information quality, service quality, perceived enjoyment, perceived promotion, perceived time saving, and satisfaction have a positive influence on the intention to continue using food delivery apps. Moreover, the study highlights the crucial role of trust in amplifying the relationship between user satisfaction and their decision to continue using these services. This research offers valuable insights into the complex dynamics of consumer behavior in the digital age, particularly within the context of food delivery app usage. By understanding the factors that drive user satisfaction and continued engagement, industry practitioners and policymakers can develop more effective strategies to improve service quality, optimize promotional efforts, and ultimately enhance user experiences within this rapidly evolving landscape.
Discover Your Perfect Look: Virtual Makeup Try-On Revolutionizes Shopping Experience on Shopee!
Authors: Rachmiati Puput Ria
Published: June 2024

Competition in the e-commerce industry is becoming increasingly fierce with the emergence of various platforms offering similar products and services. In response to this competition, Shopee, one of the e-commerce platforms with the highest number of site visits, has adopted augmented reality (AR) technology in its BeautyCam and SkinCam features. These mobile applications, which support AR features, enable marketers and companies to provide detailed information to consumers about products and services, thereby influencing consumer perceptions. The purpose of this study was to evaluate behavioral intention towards the AR-based Shopee application feature using the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM). In this study, TAM was used to measure perceptions of the usefulness of information technology (Perceived Usefulness), ease of use (Perceived Ease of Use), and perceived enjoyment, which affect individual attitudes toward using information technology (Attitude Towards Using). This, in turn, determines the degree of a person's intention to use information technology (Behavioral Intention). The research employed a quantitative approach by distributing questionnaires to users of Shopee's BeautyCam and SkinCam features. Data analysis was conducted using Partial Least Squares - Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM).
Circular Economy Potential of Fuel Oil Distribution Activities Based on the Results of the Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) Study
Authors: Rahmayanti Dila , Santoso Irwan Bagyo
Published: June 2024

Fuel Oil (BBM) distribution activities are crucial components of the global energy supply chain, resulting in significant environmental impacts. Therefore, it is important to understand and quantify these impacts through Life Cycle Assessment (LCA). This study uses the ReCipe 2016 method with a gate-to-gate approach, integrating midpoints and endpoints for a comprehensive evaluation. The LCA results show environmental impacts in several categories, including global warming: 0.1453 kg CO2eq, stratospheric ozone depletion: 0.0000000000724 kg CFC11eq, ozone formation affecting human health: 0.00004768 kg NOxeq, fine particulate matter formation: 0.0000010919 kg PM2.5eq, ozone formation affecting terrestrial ecosystems: 0.000031904 kg NOxeq, terrestrial acidification: 0.000007825 kg SO2eq, and water consumption: 0.000657 m3. Endpoint impacts include human health: 0.000000136 daily, and ecosystems: 0.0000000000412 species.yr. The hotspot process unit in fuel distribution activities is the elmot pump. Based on the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP), the priority improvement program is the Variable Speed Drive (VSD) program with a weight value of 0.572 or 57.2%. The VSD program is prioritized due to its significant impact on environmental, financial, and technical aspects. The circular economy analysis of the VSD program indicates that it aligns with circular economy principles 1 and 2, leading to reduced electrical energy consumption and decreased GWP emissions from electricity use. In conclusion, this study highlights the importance of targeted improvement programs to mitigate environmental impacts and enhance the sustainability of fuel oil distribution activities.
Model Quadruple Helix dalam Pengembangan Desa Wisata Edukasi Omah Jamu Yogyakarta
Authors: Andi Hasan Jondewey
Published: June 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui apakah gaya kepemimpinan dan motivasi kerja berpengaruh terhadap kinerja pegawai pada kantor kelurahan klaligi kota sorong. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian kuantitatif Deskriptif dan Korelasi. Teknik pengumpulan data dengan membagikan kuesioner secara langsung kepada pegawai kelurahan klaligi kota sorong dengan populasi sebanyak 30 orang dan sampel berjumlah 30 orang dengan menggunakan teknik sampling jenuh. Metode analisis data menggunakan uji validitas, uji reliabilitas, uji normalitas, uji autokorelaasi, uji multikolinearitas, uji heteroskedastisitas, analisis regresi linear berganda dan pengujian hipotesis (uji t, uji f,). Peneliti melakukan pengujian data primer dalam penelitian ini dengan menggunakan program aplikasi SPSS versi 21 for windows dan data sekunder. Temuan ini menunjukkan bahwa variabel gaya kepemimpinan dan motivasi kerja terhadap kinerja pegawai berpengaruh positif dan signifikan pada tingkat signifikan 5 persen
Legal Responsibility of Hospitals in Maintaining the Security and Confidentiality of Patients' Electronic Medical Record Data
Authors: Anugrah Jeshua Anthony , Ngurah Gede Anggra Pramana Anak Agung
Published: June 2024

The very rapid development in health services today requires that every health service provider organize medical records electronically with the principles of security and confidentiality of data and information. However, in practice, Elecronic Medical Records is still experiencing many legal issues that are detrimental to both the Hospital and especially the patients themselves. Therefore this study aims to analyze the legal basis of hospital obligations for the security and confidentiality of electronic medical record patient data and analyze the responsibility of hospitals for the security and confidentiality of patient’s EMR data. The type of research used in this thesis is normative juridical research with statutory approach and conceptual approach. The results still found some legal wins, ambiguities and some shortcomings in implementing this EMR in full