bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Consensus recommendations on dosing and administration of medical cannabis to treat chronic pain: results of a modified Delphi process
Authors: Bhaskar Arun , Bell Alan , Boivin Michael , Briques Wellington , Brown Matthew , Clarke Hance , Cyr Claude , Eisenberg Elon , de Oliveira Silva Ricardo Ferreira , Frohlich Eva , Georgius Peter , Hogg Malcolm , Horsted Tina Ingrid , MacCallum Caroline A. , Müller-Vahl Kirsten R. , O’Connell Colleen , Sealey Robert , Seibolt Marc , Sihota Aaron , Smith Brennan K. , Sulak Dustin , Vigano Antonio , Moulin Dwight E.
Published: July 2021

Background

Globally, medical cannabis legalization has increased in recent years and medical cannabis is commonly used to treat chronic pain. However, there are few randomized control trials studying medical cannabis indicating expert guidance on how to dose and administer medical cannabis safely and effectively is needed.

Methods

Using a multistage modified Delphi process, twenty global experts across nine countries developed consensus-based recommendations on how to dose and administer medical cannabis in patients with chronic pain.

Results

There was consensus that medical cannabis may be considered for patients experiencing neuropathic, inflammatory, nociplastic, and mixed pain. Three treatment protocols were developed. A routine protocol where the clinician initiates the patient on a CBD-predominant variety at a dose of 5 mg CBD twice daily and titrates the CBD-predominant dose by 10 mg every 2 to 3 days until the patient reaches their goals, or up to 40 mg/day. At a CBD-predominant dose of 40 mg/day, clinicians may consider adding THC at 2.5 mg and titrate by 2.5 mg every 2 to 7 days until a maximum daily dose of 40 mg/day of THC. A conservative protocol where the clinician initiates the patient on a CBD-predominant variety at a dose of 5 mg once daily and titrates the CBD-predominant dose by 10 mg every 2 to 3 days until the patient reaches their goals, or up to 40 mg/day. At a CBD-predominant dose of 40 mg/day, clinicians may consider adding THC at 1 mg/day and titrate by 1 mg every 7 days until a maximum daily dose of 40 mg/day of THC. A rapid protocol where the clinician initiates the patient on a balanced THC:CBD variety at 2.5–5 mg of each cannabinoid once or twice daily and titrates by 2.5–5 mg of each cannabinoid every 2 to 3 days until the patient reaches his/her goals or to a maximum THC dose of 40 mg/day.

Conclusions

In summary, using a modified Delphi process, expert consensus-based recommendations were developed on how to dose and administer medical cannabis for the treatment of patients with chronic pain.
Skin hyperpigmentation and its treatment with herbs: an alternative method
Authors: Rathee Prity , Kumar Sunil , Kumar Dinesh , Kumari Beena , Yadav Savita S.
Published: July 2021

Background

With an increasing number of patients, those who are facing a lot of skin-related complaints, often referred to as skin of pigmentation patients, are on the rise. Among all the most common complaints in patients with skin of color is hyperpigmentation. So, there is need of herbal formulation for treatment of hyperpigmentation.

Main body

This review article addresses the different types of hyperpigmentation, causes, and its treatment with herbs for the management of the skin hyperpigmentation. As uneven pigmentation of skin or hyperpigmentation is a common skin condition, which occurs when the skin produces more melanin. This can make spots or patches of skin appear darker than surrounding areas. Some forms of hyperpigmentation with post-inflammatory, melasma, and sun spots are more likely to affect areas of face, arms, and legs due to sun exposure and injury. Although the availability of multiple treatments for the condition which leads to some adverse effects, hyperpigmentation continues to present skin care management challenges for dermatologists.

Conclusion

Some plants and phytoconstituents, e.g., Azadirachta indica, Glycyrrhiza glabra, Panax ginseng and genistein, ellagic acids, quercetin, are very useful in herbal cosmetic as anti-hyperpigmentry agents in cosmetic industries. Some of flavonoids and triterpenoids present in plants also show their effect as antioxidant and skin whitening agents. It is expected that this review will compile and improve the existing knowledge on the potential utilization of herbs for the treatment of skin hyperpigmentation.
Hessian-based reflection waveform inversion: Theory and applications to synthetic and field data
Authors: Xu Wencai , Wang Tengfei , Cheng Jiubing , Geng Jianhua
Published: July 2021

Wave-equation reflection waveform inversion (RWI) is a promising method to reconstruct the background velocity model with reflection data. But it is difficult to precondition this highly nonlinear inverse problem for efficient convergence and reliable model updating. In the context of full-waveform inversion (FWI), the second-order derivative of the objective function with respect to the model parameters (i.e., the Hessian operator) can be used with the second-order optimization to overcome similar difficulties. To our knowledge, however, there are few such studies for RWI. This motivates us to derive and investigate the Hessian operator using the Born approximation in the context of RWI. For the same experimental setup with a toy model, we observe that the Hessian matrix of RWI exhibits a more compact structure than its counterpart in the context of FWI because they are constructed with the sensitivity kernels of very different spatial distribution features. Accordingly, we have developed a truncated Gauss-Newton RWI method consisting of two nested loops: An outer loop updates the background model in the manner of nonlinear waveform inversion, and an inner loop aims to iteratively estimate the background model update in a matrix-free manner by solving the Gauss-Newton equation. The workflow consists of alternating estimation of the perturbation and the background velocity model components, of which the former is done with a linear least-squares reverse time migration using the conjugate-gradient method. A synthetic example on the overthrust model and a field data example demonstrate that the Hessian-based RWI can significantly improve the estimation of intermediate-wavenumber components and promote velocity model building and seismic imaging with precritical reflection data.
Radon domain interferometric interpolation of sparse seismic data
Authors: Shao Jie , Wang Yibo , Chang Xu
Published: July 2021

The interpolation of sparse seismic data is important for seismic data processing, especially in the case of marine data acquisition. The conventional interferometric interpolation method interpolates missing data based on seismic interferometry in the time-space domain. However, missing traces and the limited acquisition aperture will reduce the quality and accuracy of virtual shot gathers, thereby affecting the final interpolation results. To improve the conventional method, we have adopted a four-step Radon domain interferometric interpolation method for sparse seismic data. First, we generate synthetic seismic data with a water-layer model and replace missing traces in the input data with synthetic traces. Second, we sort the input shot gathers into common-receiver-point (CRP) gathers and transform the CRP gathers into the Radon domain using a sparse Radon transform method. Third, we perform Radon domain seismic interferometric interpolation by cross-correlating traces with the same ray parameter and summing over all different ray parameters to obtain a virtual shot gather. Fourth, we apply a 1D least-squares matching filter to the virtual shot gather to obtain the interpolation result. Numerical and field examples demonstrate that our method can effectively interpolate sparse seismic data. Compared with the conventional time-space domain interferometric interpolation method, our method can provide more accurate interpolation results. Moreover, it is less sensitive to the depth of the water layer and an inaccurate impedance contrast of the water bottom.
Identification of Surgically Curable Primary Aldosteronism by Imaging in a Large, Multiethnic International Study
Authors: Rossi Gian Paolo , Crimì Filippo , Rossitto Giacomo , Amar Laurence , Azizi Michel , Riester Anna , Reincke Martin , Degenhart Christoph , Widimsky Jiri , Naruse Mitsuhide , Deinum Jaap , Schultze Kool Leo , Kocjan Tomaz , Negro Aurelio , Rossi Ermanno , Kline Gregory , Tanabe Akiyo , Satoh Fumitoshi , Christian Rump Lars , Vonend Oliver , Willenberg Holger S , Fuller Peter J , Yang Jun , Chee Nicholas Yong Nian , Magill Steven B , Shafigullina Zulfiya , Quinkler Marcus , Oliveras Anna , Cent Wu Vin , Kratka Zuzana , Barbiero Giulio , Seccia Teresa Maria , Battistel Michele
Published: July 2021

Context

Adrenal gland imaging is recommended by the current guidelines for the workup of primary aldosteronism (PA). However, its diagnostic performance has not been established in large, multiethnic cohorts of patients who undergo adrenal vein sampling (AVS) and adrenalectomy.

Objective

This work aims to assess the diagnostic accuracy of cross-sectional adrenal imaging.

Methods

This international multicenter study took place in tertiary referral centers. A total of 1625 PA patients seeking surgical cure were enrolled in an international study involving 19 centers in North America, Europe, Asia, and Australia. Of these, 1311 (81%) had imaging data available and 369 (23%), who received a final diagnosis of surgically cured unilateral PA, were examined. Patients underwent AVS and imaging by computed tomography and/or magnetic resonance imaging. The accuracy of detection of unilateral PA at imaging was estimated by the area under the receiver operator characteristics curve using cure (biochemical and/or full clinical success) as the reference at follow-up after unilateral adrenalectomy.

Results

In the cohort of 1311 patients with imaging data available, 34% and 7% of cases showed no detectable or bilateral nodules, respectively. Imaging did not detect the culprit adrenal in 28% of the surgically cured unilateral PA patients. Moreover, the clinical outcome did not differ significantly between the imaging-positive and imaging-negative patients.

Conclusion

Cross-sectional imaging did not identify a lateralized cause of disease in around 40% of PA patients and failed to identify the culprit adrenal in more than one-fourth of patients with unilateral PA.
24-Hydroxylase Deficiency Due toCYP24A1Sequence Variants: Comparison With Other Vitamin D−mediated Hypercalcemia Disorders
Authors: Azer Sarah M , Vaughan Lisa E , Tebben Peter J , Sas David J
Published: July 2021

Context

CYP24A1 encodes 24-hydroxylase, which converts 25(OH)D3 and 1,25(OH)2D3 to inactive metabolites. Loss-of-function variants in CYP24A1 are associated with 24-hydroxylase deficiency (24HD), characterized by hypercalcemia, nephrolithiasis, and nephrocalcinosis. We retrospectively reviewed laboratory, imaging, and clinical characteristics of patients with suspected or confirmed 24HD and patients with other vitamin D−mediated hypercalcemia disorders: sarcoidosis, lymphoma, and exogenous vitamin D toxicity (EVT).

Objective

To identify features that differentiate 24HD from other vitamin D-mediated hypercalcemia disorders.

Methods

Patients seen at the Mayo Clinic (Rochester, MN) from January 1, 2008, to 31 December, 2016, with the following criteria were retrospectively identified: serum calcium ≥9.6 mg/dL, parathyroid hormone <30 pg/mL, and 1,25(OH)2D3 >40 pg/mL. Patients were considered to have 24HD if they had (1) confirmed CYP24A1 gene variant or (2) 25(OH)D3:24,25(OH)2D ratio ≥50. Patients with sarcoidosis, lymphoma, and EVT were also identified. Groups were compared using the Fisher exact test (categorical variables) or the Wilcoxon rank sum test (continuous variables).

Results

We identified 9 patients with 24HD and 28 with other vitamin D−mediated disorders. Patients with 24HD were younger at symptom onset (median 14 vs 63 years; P = .001) and had positive family history (88.9% vs 20.8%; P < .001), nephrocalcinosis (88.9% vs 6.3%; P < .001), lower lumbar spine Z-scores (median −0.50 vs 1.20; P = .01), higher peak serum phosphorus (% of peak reference range, median 107 vs 84; P = .01), and higher urinary calcium:creatinine ratios (median 0.24 vs 0.17; P = .047).

Conclusion

Patients with 24HD had clinical and laboratory findings that differed from other vitamin D−mediated hypercalcemia disorders. 24HD should be suspected in patients with hypercalcemia who present at younger age, have positive family history, and have nephrocalcinosis.
Activation of innate immunity during development induces unresolved dysbiotic inflammatory gut and shortens lifespan
Authors: Yamashita Kyoko , Oi Ayano , Kosakamoto Hina , Yamauchi Toshitaka , Kadoguchi Hibiki , Kuraishi Takayuki , Miura Masayuki , Obata Fumiaki
Published: July 2021

An early-life inflammatory response is associated with risks of age-related pathologies. How transient immune signalling activity during animal development influences life-long fitness is not well understood. Using Drosophila as a model, we find that activation of innate immune pathway Immune deficiency (Imd) signalling in the developing larvae increases adult starvation resistance, decreases food intake and shortens organismal lifespan. Interestingly, lifespan is shortened by Imd activation in the larval gut and fat body, whereas starvation resistance and food intake are altered by that in neurons. The adult flies that developed with Imd activation show sustained Imd activity in the gut, despite complete tissue renewal during metamorphosis. The larval Imd activation increases an immunostimulative bacterial species, Gluconobacter sp., in the gut microbiome, and this dysbiosis is persistent to adulthood. Removal of gut microbiota by antibiotics in the adult fly mitigates intestinal immune activation and rescues the shortened lifespan. This study demonstrates that early-life immune activation triggers long-term physiological changes, highlighted as an irreversible alteration in gut microbiota, prolonged inflammatory intestine and concomitant shortening of the organismal lifespan.
Os Sentidos em Campo: notas de uma Etnomusicologia Urbana
Authors: De Souza Campos Tamara
Published: July 2021

O presente artigo apresenta uma reflexão sobre os costumes dos neófitos da música erudita em formação universitária, constituindo-se uma etnografia da música. Tal pesquisa pode auxiliar trabalhos que investiguem mundos sonoros – ao relativizar a prevalência da escuta em relação a outras percepções sensoriais. O campo teve duração de quase dois anos e foi realizado em uma escola de Música de uma universidade federal, no Rio de Janeiro, onde acompanhei o processo de formação profissional de um maestro de orquestra. As aulas de regência e os ensaios da orquestra dos alunos foram as principais atividades observadas. Reflito sobre as faculdades do ver e do ouvir, intensamente discutidas pela Antropologia, e as comparo às peculiaridades observadas in loco. O campo acaba sendo um reduto de pessoas que primam por uma relação diferenciada com a vida e no contato com seus pares, dando destaque para a capacidade auditiva, mas essa “escuta”, antes de se sobrepor aos demais sentidos, incorporaria, integraria e se perfaria numa junção que conclama também visão, gesto, héxis corporal e respiração, exigindo técnicas expressivas do corpo como condição de reconhecimento entre pares. A gramática interacional dos nativos, portanto, é analisada, e a ação de escutar só se torna uma categoria social à medida que é partilhada, confrontada, testada nas interações entre os agentes, e só se completa por meio de técnicas que sinalizam uma performance musical e que são percebidas como códigos e linguagem pelos interagentes. A escuta dos integrantes do mundo orquestral, portanto, é ativa e técnica, envolvendo uma dimensão imaginativa, que só pode ocorrer em função do preparo técnico dos nativos.
Medical Image of the Month: Hepatic Abscess Secondary to Diverticulitis Resulting in Sepsis
Authors:   University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ USA, Randhawa Reubender , Nyquist Alan , El-Aini Tammer
Published: July 2021

No abstract available. Article truncated after 150 words. Clinical Scenario: A 73-year-old man with a previous history of hypertension presented to the hospital with a 4-day history of malaise, myalgias, syncope, nausea, and vomiting. He denied having any fevers, chills, diarrhea, abdominal pain, or recent travel. Upon arrival to the hospital, he was found to be febrile to 103.4°F, and hypotensive with systolic blood pressures in the 80’s. His baseline documented systolic blood pressures from numerous outpatient clinics were in the 110’s. In addition, he was hypoxemic requiring 6 L/min of supplemental oxygen to maintain an adequate oxygen saturation. Physical examination was significant for alteration of his mental status. He denied any abdominal pain with palpation, and there was no rebound tenderness or guarding. His lab work was significant for a leukopenia and thrombocytopenia - new from his previous lab work in our system. A CT of the abdomen and pelvis with contrast demonstrated a multiloculated abscess in …
Correction of invalid data based on spatial dimension information of a temporally and spatially modulated spatial heterodyne interference imaging spectrometer
Authors: Ding Yi , Luo Haiyan , Shi Hailiang , Li Zhiwei , Han Yunfei , Li Siliang , Xiong Wei
Published: July 2021

Considering the distribution characteristics of interference data of a temporally and spatially modulated spatial heterodyne interference imaging spectrometer, an algorithm based on spatial dimension baseline of interference data for the detection and correction of invalid data is proposed. The intensity ratio of the target interference data far away from the zero optical path difference has been extracted and calculated, and the intensity of the interference data is compensated; the baseline of the compensated interference data is carried out along the spatial dimension direction, and the deviation matrix is calculated, and combined with the

3
σ

method for the detection and correction of invalid data. A simulation experiment is carried out in the laboratory to obtain the target push-sweep imaging interference data, and the spectrum is the output spectrum of the integrating sphere halogen tungsten lamp. The experimental results show that the invalid data in the interference data (including invalid data near zero optical path difference) can be effectively identified and corrected using the invalid data detection and correction algorithm described in this paper, which has a good effect on the correction of fixed invalid data and flash pixel.
Multivision demodulation of the FBG based on a thermal-induced chirp and a shallow neural network
Authors: Zhao Benyang , Li Wei , Xia Li , Li Shiyu , Yang Zhao
Published: July 2021

We present a high-precision, low-cost demodulation method for the fiber Bragg grating
(FBG) using a thermal-induced chirp and a shallow neural network. The
thermal-induced chirp of a semiconductor laser generates the different
wavelength components in a single pulse, which will form an
exponential function echo signal after being reflected by the FBG. By
learning the shape of the reflected light, the back-propagation neural
network can simultaneously demodulate the sensing temperature and
laser power. The whole detection system has only a few basic detection
devices, which makes it low cost. The experimental results show that
the multivision demodulation (MVD) method can reach a high
demodulation precision of 0.35°C. We believe these results indicate
the MVD method is an outstanding scheme in the field of FBG
interrogation.
Wideband tunable optoelectronic oscillator based on stimulated Brillouin scattering and a Mach–Zehnder interferometer
Authors: Qu Shaolin , Zhou Weinan , Zhou Yu , Dong Wei
Published: July 2021

We propose a novel optoelectronic oscillator (OEO) based on stimulated Brillouin scattering (SBS) and a Mach–Zehnder interferometer (MZI). The SBS and MZI form a microwave photonic filter (MPF), which completes the frequency selection of the OEO. The width of the MPF passband can be changed by adjusting the DC voltage of the MZI. When the gap between the passbands is aligned with the side mode, the side mode can be suppressed; in this way, a single-mode optoelectronic oscillator is achieved. Compared with the previous structure, the proposed structure is more stable and easier to integrate. A stable frequency signal at 9.4 GHz is obtained with a phase noise of

−

84.05

d
B
c

/

H
z

at 10 kHz, the side-mode-suppression ratio is 42 dB, and the frequency drift is below 50 kHz within 420 s. By adjusting the wavelength of the tunable laser source, a 280 MHz tuning range from 9.25 to 9.53 GHz is obtained. If an independent pump is introduced, a large tuning range is achieved from 9.4 to 24.9 GHz.
Enhanced circular dichroism of plasmonic chiral system due to indirect coupling of two unaligned nanorods with metal film
Authors: Li Ying , Bai Yu , Zhang Ziyan , Abudukelimu Abuduwaili , Ren Yaqi , Muhammad Ikram , Li Qi , Zhang Zhongyue
Published: July 2021

Circular dichroism (CD) demonstrates broad application prospects in enantioselective
catalysis, chiral separation, and ultrasensitive detection. Increasing
the CD intensity of easily fabricated plasmonic nanostructures will
promote the application of these artificial nanostructures. A chiral
plasmonic system that consists of two unaligned nanorods and a metal
film is proposed in this study to achieve a large CD effect. Indirect
coupling of a nanorod–film–nanorod in the proposed chiral plasmonic
system generates a larger CD intensity compared to the direct coupling
of a nanorod–nanorod. In addition, the effects of structural
parameters on the CD effect of the proposed system are numerically
investigated. Results showed that the indirect coupling is strongly
dependent on the separation between the nanorod and the metal film.
The results of this study can provide an effective strategy to enhance
the CD effect of plasmonic chiral systems.
Highly efficient iteration algorithm for a linear frequency-sweep distributed feedback laser in frequency-modulated continuous wave lidar applications
Authors: Cao Xianyi , Wu Kan , Li Chao , Zhang Guangjin , Chen Jianping
Published: July 2021

We present an iteration algorithm for generating the linear frequency sweep of a distributed feedback laser at 1550 nm both theoretically and experimentally. This iteration algorithm is convergent and can reach a desired frequency-sweep linearity with only a few iterations. Experimentally, the residual nonlinearity

1

-

r
2

reaches

5.19

×

1

0

−
8

, and the relative frequency error is 0.005% with only six iterations, which has already been comparable to the linearity of the linear chirp signal generated by the external modulation method.
Photonic crystal topological design for polarized and polarization-independent band gaps by gradient-free topology optimization
Authors: Yan Yi , Liu Pai , Zhang Xiaopeng , Luo Yangjun
Published: July 2021

Photonic crystals can be adopted to control light propagation due to their superior band gap feature. It is well known the band gap feature of photonic crystals depends significantly on the topological design of the lattices, which is rather challenging due to the highly nonlinear objective function and multiple local minima feature of such design problems. To this end, this paper proposed a new band-gap topology optimization framework for photonic crystals considering different electromagnetic wave polarization modes. Based on the material-field series-expansion (MFSE) model and the dielectric permittivity interpolation scheme, the lattice topologies are represented by using a small number of design variables. Then, a sequential Kriging-based optimization algorithm, which shows strong global search capability and requires no sensitivity information, is employed to solve the band gap design problem as a series of sub-optimization problems with adaptive-adjusting design spaces. Numerical examples demonstrated the effectiveness of the proposed gradient-free method to maximize the band gap for transverse magnetic field (TM), transverse electric field (TE), and complete modes. Compared with previously reported designs, the present results exhibit less dependency on the guess of the initial design, larger band gaps and some interesting topology configurations.
Investigation on the optical nonlinearity of the layered magnesium-mediated metal organic framework (Mg-MOF-74)
Authors: Liang Yangyang , Qiao Wenchao , Feng Tianli , Zhang Baitao , Zhao Yuefeng , Song Yuzhi , Li Tao , Kränkel Christian
Published: July 2021

The wavelength-related optical nonlinearities of few-layer Mg-MOF-74 nanosheets were investigated in the wavelength region around 1.08, 1.94, and 2.85 μm by the closed aperture Z-scan, open aperture Z-scan and I-scan method. Under the excitation of 100-μJ laser pulses, the nonlinear refractive index (n2) of -7.7 ± 2.6, -131 ± 5 and 4.9 ± 0.2 cm2/W were obtained, respectively. The wavelength-related optical nonlinearity of the Mg-MOF-74 nanosheet was also investigated. In 2.85 μm wavelength region, the Mg-MOF-74 nanosheets shows a stable saturable absorption property with a modulation depth of 8% and a saturation intensity of 170 mJ/cm2. In the 1.08 and 1.94 μm wavelength regions, we can observe that the Mg-MOF-74 transits from saturable absorption regime to reverse saturable absorption regime with the increasing incident laser intensity. Employed as a saturable absorber in a Er:Lu2O3 laser, Mg-MOF-74 nanosheet shows a thickness-related laser modulation performance. The shortest laser pulse of 284-ns was achieved under a repetition rate of 116 kHz with a 6-nm-thick Mg-MOF-74 nanosheet, which corresponds to a pulse energy of 3.2 µJ and a peak power of 11.4 W.
SPR sensor based on exposed core micro-structured optical fiber for salinity detection with temperature self-compensation
Authors: Yang Xianchao , Wang Zhan , Liu Yuhuai , Yao Jianquan
Published: July 2021

A surface plasmon resonance (SPR) sensor based on exposed core micro-structured optical fiber (EC-MOF) for temperature self-compensated salinity detection is proposed. The sensing channel is fabricated by sequentially coating indium tin oxide (ITO) and Au layers at the exposed region of the fiber core. Benefiting from the large dynamic refractive index (RI) range of ITO induced by dispersion, two separated SPR peaks with equal intensity can be excited at visible spectrum by Kretschmann configuration and near-infrared spectrum by Otto configuration. The RI sensing performance at 1.33–1.39 is investigated and optimized using finite element method, with maximum wavelength sensitivities of 2000 nm/RIU and 3000 nm/RIU, respectively. The distinct RI responses of two SPR peaks make the dual-parameter demodulation realizable, which shows great potential in multiplex or self-compensated sensing applications. The temperature self-compensated salinity sensing ability is demonstrated with high sensitivity of 4.45 nm/% and a temperature compensation coefficient of −0.12%/°C. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first time temperature self-compensation of fiber SPR sensors with a single sensing channel and the single demodulation method has been realized.
Predicting the water film depth: A model based on the geometric features of road and capacity of drainage facilities
Authors: Han Shuo , Xu Jinliang , Yan Menghua , Gao Sunjian , Li Xufeng , Huang Xunjiang , Liu Zhaoxin
Published: July 2021

The water film depth is a key variable that affects traffic safety under rainfall conditions. According to the Federal Highway Administration, approximately 5700 people are killed and more than 544 700 people are injured in crashes on wet pavements annually. While several studies have attempted to address water film depth issues by establishing prediction models, a few focused on the relationship among road geometric features, capacity of drainage facilities and water film depth. To ascertain the influence of the geometric features of road and facility drainage capacities on the water film depth, the road geometry features were first classified into four types, and the facility drainage capacities were considered from three aspects in this study. Furthermore, the concept of short-time rainfall grade was proposed according to the results of the field test. Finally, the theoretical prediction model for the water film depth was conceived, based on the geometric features of road and facility drainage capacities with different rainfall intensities. Compared with the traditional regression prediction models, the theoretical prediction model clearly shows the effects of the geometric features of road and facility drainage capacities. When the road drainage facilities have no drainage capacity, the water film depth increases rapidly with the rainfall intensity. This model can be used to predict the water film depth of road surfaces on rainy days, evaluate the effect of rainfall on the driving environment, and provide guidance for determining safety control measures on rainy days.
Alpha and beta adrenergic receptors modulate keratinocyte migration
Authors: Yang Hsin-ya , Steenhuis Pieter , Glucksman Aaron M. , Gurenko Zhanna , La Thi Dinh , Isseroff R. Rivkah
Published: July 2021

Keratinocyte migration into skin wounds is the step of the healing process that correlates with the wound closure rate. Keratinocyte migration, and wound epithelialization are decreased when beta 2-adrenergic receptors (B2AR) are activated by 1 μM epinephrine/adrenaline, resulting in delayed wound healing in human and mouse skin. In the present study, we found paradoxically, that in a subset of keratinocyte strains exposure to low concentrations of epinephrine (0.1 nM) increased, rather than decreased, their migratory rate. We find that both the alpha- and the beta-adrenergic receptors are expressed in human keratinocytes, and expression of alpha-2 AR subtypes demonstrated for the first time. Therefore, we tested if the alpha-AR could be modulating the increased migratory response observed in these cell strains. By using specific inhibitors to alpha-AR, we demonstrated that blocking A2B-AR could reverse the rapid cell migration induced by the 0.1 nM epinephrine. Phosphorylation of ERK was elevated after 1–10 minutes of the low epinephrine treatment and the A2B-AR inhibitor blocked the ERK phosphorylation. The results suggest that both the A2B-AR and B2AR mediate keratinocyte migration, in which with a low level of epinephrine treatment, A2B-AR could alter the B2AR signals and regulate the migration rate.
Pericardiocentese
Authors: Ghiggi Karine Cristina , Pereira Hugo Cataud Pacheco
Published: July 2021

Pericardiocentese é um procedimento diagnóstico e terapêutico que deve ser conhecido por todo clínico, pois a aspiração de pequeno volume de líquido é capaz de salvar a vida do paciente. Pode ser realizada com rapidez e com um mínimo de material por um médico treinado. O derrame pericárdico e o tamponamento cardíaco representam um espectro da doença com grande variação na apresentação clínica. Embora todos os derrames pericárdicos significativos sejam de importância clínica, a drenagem de emergência é necessária apenas para pacientes com comprometimento hemodinâmico. Nesse trabalho, apresentamos as indicações, contraindicações, o material necessário, a localização da punção e as complicações desse procedimento que pode ser determinante para a vida do paciente.
A Curious Case of a Posterior Mediastinal Mass
Authors: Deyl Ivana , Mohy-Ud-Din Nabeeha , Cheriyan Aswathy , Monga Dulabh , Kochhar Gursimran S.
Published: July 2021

Gastrointestinal stromal cell tumors (GISTs) are mesenchymal stromal tumors that are characteristically CD117 positive. Distinction from other spindle cell tumors such as leiomyomas and leiomyosarcomas is based on clinical, histological, and molecular features. Endoscopic ultrasonography-guided fine-needle aspiration has become a highly used means of preoperative identification of GIST, especially if immunohistochemical staining for CD117 can be performed. We present a case of a posterior mediastinal mass diagnosed as GIST after being found to be CD117 positive, later found to be a metastatic leiomyosarcoma.
Atendimento pedagógico escolar no setor de hemodiálise infantil
Authors: Esposito Vivian Vanzella , Apolinário Ilídia Rita do Couto , Tinós Lucia Maria Santos
Published: July 2021

Este projeto de extensão é realizado no setor ambulatorial de hemodiálise infantil de um hospital de grande porte, no interior de São Paulo, desde 2013. Este relato busca compartilhar as experiências vivenciadas durante o segundo semestre de 2019 e o primeiro de 2020. O projeto se constitui de encontros semanais com os alunos-pacientes no setor ambulatorial hemodialítico, por alunas de graduação do curso de Pedagogia, com o objetivo de ofertar atendimento pedagógico-escolar às crianças portadoras de Doença Renal Crônica, realizando acompanhamento do processo de ensino- aprendizagem e o resgate da escolarização desses alunos-pacientes. Para tal, faz-se primordial o estudo e compreensão das necessidades e especificidades de cada aluno-paciente assistido, buscando embasamento teórico e metodológico nas supervisões. O projeto têm propiciado às graduandas experiências formativa no âmbito da Pedagogia Hospitalar, como a compreensão do atendimento ambulatorial como sendo uma possibilidade de atendimento pedagógico. Ressalta-se que no período vivido, pela pandemia do Coronavírus, os desafios levaram à ressignificação dos objetivos do projeto para que houvesse a sua continuidade com uso de Tecnologias de Informação e Comunicação, assim, garantindo a continuidade dos atendimentos e o reconhecimento do direito à educação desses alunos-pacientes.
Sacrificial Worship (Qurban) Motivation Determinant Factors of Tuatunu Population in Pangkalpinang City
Authors: Cipta Hendra
Published: July 2021

This article intends to find an answer to the high level of community participation in Tuatunu Urban Village in the City of Pangkalpinang, Bangka Belitung Islands Province in the sacrificial worship (qurban) motivation during the Eid al-Adha feast day. Tuatunu Urban Village only has a population of approximately 9,000 inhabitants and the average livelihood of its inhabitants is as pepper, rubber, and pineapple farmer. But in Eid al-Adha 2019, the level of participation of the people who follow the sacrificial worship from the five mosques in this area is highest when compared to the seven sub-districts in the Municipality of Pangkalpinang. Tuatunu Urban Village sacrifices approximately 32 cows at Eid al-Adha 2019, where seven people bear one cow. This urban village celebrates Eid al-Adha like Eid al-Fitr where residents visit each other's neighbors. This article is the result of quantitative research with the dependent variable is a sacrificial worship motivation and the independent variables are religiosity, generosity, avoid harm, and social status. This study found that the variables that influence the motivation to sacrificial worship the people of Tuatunu Urban Village are the factors of religiosity, social status, and avoid harm while the elements of generosity do not significantly influence the motivation to sacrifice.
An Efficient Multistage Fusion Approach for Smartphone Security Analysis
Authors: Kumar Sumit , Indu S. , Walia Gurjit Singh
Published: July 2021

Android smartphone ecosystem is inundated with innumerable applications mainly developed by third party contenders leading to high vulnerability of these devices. In addition, proliferation of smartphone usage along with their potential applications in diverse field entice malware community to develop new malwares to attack these devices. In order to overcome these issues, an android malware detection framework is proposed wherein an efficient multistage fusion approach is introduced. For this, a robust unified feature vector is created by fusion of transformed feature matrices corresponding to multi-cue using non-linear graph based cross-diffusion. Unified feature is further subjected to multiple classifiers to obtain their classification scores. Classifier scores are further optimally fused employing Dezert-Smarandache Theory (DSmT). Strength of suggested model is assessed both qualitatively and quantitatively by ten-fold cross-validation on the benchmarked datasets. On an average of outcome, we achieved detection accuracy of 98.97% and F-measure of 0.9936.
Secret Key Generation Schemes for Physical Layer Security
Authors: Kumar Megha S. , Ramanathan R. , Jayakumar M. , Yadav Devendra Kumar
Published: July 2021

Physical layer security (PLS) has evolved to be a pivotal technique in ensuring secure wireless communication. This paper presents a comprehensive analysis of the recent developments in physical layer secret key generation (PLSKG). The principle, procedure, techniques and performance metricesare investigated for PLSKG between a pair of users (PSKG) and for a group of users (GSKG). In this paper, a detailed comparison of the various parameters and techniques employed in different stages of key generation such as, channel probing, quantisation, encoding, information reconciliation (IR) and privacy amplification (PA) are provided. Apart from this, a comparison of bit disagreement rate, bit generation rate and approximate entropy is also presented. The work identifies PSKG and GSKG schemes which are practically realizable and also provides a discussion on the test bed employed for realising various PLSKG schemes. Moreover, a discussion on the research challenges in the area of PLSKG is also provided for future research.
Demonstrating Antenna Miniaturisation for Radiolocation Applications using Double Elliptical Patches
Authors: Jose Jerry V. , Shobha Rekh A. , Jose M.J.
Published: July 2021

Double Elliptical Micro-strip Patch Antenna (DEMPA) is developed out of Double Elliptical Patch (DEP) which is a recently proposed shape of patch. The use of DEP results in higher flexibility in design of patch antenna and thus promotes antenna miniaturisation. The present work is an attempt to demonstrate the miniaturisation of radiolocation antenna through the concept of Design Flexibility (DF). In this paper, optimised neural network model for synthesis of DEMPA has been developed for radiolocation applications for which the earmarked frequency band is 8.50 GHz – 10.50 GHz. With the help of synthesis model, for an arbitrary operational frequency of 9.85 GHz, radiolocation antennas with effective patch area ranging from 142 mm2 to 66 mm2 were designed by using DEPs. In this case, the percentage reduction in effective patch area was found to be 53.52%. It shows that double elliptical patches can be employed to develop miniaturised radiolocation antennas. One prototype antenna was fabricated and tested to demonstrate the efficacy of the methodology adopted. The fabricated antenna had resonance at 10.15 GHz with a reflection coefficient of -20.73dB and bandwidth of 3.106 GHz (from 7.458 GHz to 10.564 GHz). Its Fractional Bandwidth was 34.469%. Positive and reasonably good gain was maintained over the entire working band. At resonance, the peak gain was 4.22 dB.The measured characteristics of antenna were in close agreement with the simulated results. The methodology presented in this paper can also be applied to frequency bands for other wireless applications.
Tungsten Heavy Alloys with Two phase Matrix
Authors: Gnanasambandam Prabhu , Arockia Kumar R , Nandy Tapash Kumar
Published: July 2021

WNiCo alloys subjected to a two-stage or cyclic heat treatment develop a unique microstructure wherein apart from tungsten grains and matrix phase, fine tungsten precipitates are distributed in the matrix. This is unlike conventional heavy alloys such as WNiFe and WNiFeCo where the matrix is single phase without any secondary microstructural features. The purpose of developing a two-phase matrix is to realise superior mechanical properties compared to conventional alloys, especially strength with comparable or superior elongation and impact toughness. This advantage has rendered WNiCo alloys (with two-phase matrix) suitable candidates for advanced kinetic energy penetrators. The present study focusses on processing 92W-5Ni-3Co alloy using cyclic heat treatment and optimisation of parameters involved in cyclic heat treatment as well as subsequent vacuum heat treatment. Any refinement in processing parameters will help in improving the mechanical properties given the fact that processing parameters, microstructural features and mechanical properties are strongly interdependent in the case of tungsten heavy alloys.
Digital Technologies as a Factor in Increasing Services Sales in Tourism Industry
Authors: NIMATULAEV Magomedkhan Magomedovich , SIRBILADZE Ketevan Kitaevna , TSVETKOVA Olga Nikolaevna , IVANOVA Liudmila Ivanovna , SHELYGOV Aleksandr Vladimirovich
Published: July 2021

The article is devoted to the analysis of digital technologies as a factor in increasing services sales in the tourism industry. It has been established that information and services markets should satisfy the needs of all categories of consumers who want a service. The state should support and promote the development of both conventional services providers that prefer personal communication during the purchase of a service and online travel firms. It has been found that digital technologies also play an important role when marketing functions are carried out by travel companies because they simplify the resolution of difficult tasks in a dynamic and constantly changing business environment. It has been proven that digital technologies can support marketing by providing information required to make marketing decisions and offer new channels for the provision of travel services.
Perception of Knowledge of the Risk of the COVID -19 Pandemic Regarding Touring Intentions and Tourism Travel Recommendations
Authors: RUDYANTO Rudyanto , PRAMONO Rudy , JULIANA Juliana
Published: July 2021

Tourists consider the costs, energy, and safety of the COVID-19 pandemic that is currently hitting the world globally. Tourism travel is expected to remain the primary choice for economic recovery and improving family relations. This study uses Respondent-Driven Sampling and Snowball Sampling to collect 432 respondents via social media and the internet. This study used a structural equation model (SEM) to examine risk perceptions of risk-averse attitudes by mediating knowledge of pandemic risk, tourism travel, and travel intentions. The results showed that most of the prospective tourists showed a preference for tourism. Tourists pay attention to the dangers of performance, costs, time, tourism destinations, while the social-psychological risks posed by the COVID-19 pandemic have a low impact. The nature and behaviour of tourists to avoid pandemic risk cause pandemic risk to be less effective in reducing tourists' intention to travel. Understanding pandemic risk effectively reduces risk perceptions that potential tourists have on tourism travel. The purpose of travelling and the intent to recommend tourism travel harms risk avoidance attitudes higher than the risk perception of a pandemic. All tourism travel stakeholders must consider the mediating effect of risk perception and risk aversion attitudes in tourism.
Theoretical Concepts of Digital Regulation of Extreme Vibrations in Consumer Demand on the Market of Services
Authors: SIMCHENKO Nataliia Al. , BURKALTSEVA Diana , TSOHLA Svetlana , OSMANOVA Elnara , YANOVSKAYA Anna , POLSKAYA Svetlana
Published: July 2021

The COVID-19 pandemic has made significant adjustments to the process of economic reproduction around the world, affecting all sectors of the national economy. The greatest losses were incurred by the entrepreneurial networks of the service sector, and, in particular, the tourist one. The paper considers the trends in the functioning of the tourism industry of the Republic of Crimea, analyzes the measures taken to improve the industry, and also considers the development prospects.

The concept of digital development of the Crimean territories based on the implementation of the medical and recreational vector for the development of the region has been developed. The scientific significance of the result is determined by the conceptual support for leveling extreme fluctuations in demand in the market for recreational services.
Human Resource Management and Impact on Performance on Employee in Kosovo Tourism
Authors: KRASNIQI Avni Ekrem
Published: July 2021

This research presents the impact of human resource management on the performance of employees in tourist centers in Kosovo.This research also measures the badness of foreign tourists with the tourist services that are offered. Employee performance is one of the factors that dictate the flow of tourism work in any country of the world, especially it depends on the forms of human resource management, ie how attentive managers are in creating a working climate and achieving performance.This research was conducted for this purpose, and involved a total of 200 workers of different levels and 230 foreign trusses, through a well-structured questionnaire, and its scientific impact lies in the fact that it helps tourist centers to improve or increase appropriate forms of human resource management. The multiple regression model was used to analyze the results, while the statistical program is SPSS.The results show that the performance of workers of tourist places in Kosovo depends directly on their motivation (p-value = M1: 0.006 / M2: 0.034) and their satisfaction with the workplace and the conditions offered (p-value = 0.047), whereas no impact of cooperation and communication with the performance of workers was found. Based on the results, it is confirmed that tourists in Kosovo have expressed a high level of satisfaction with the structure and tourist services provided.
Hotel Services Quality for Tourists in Transit
Authors: CAMPOVERDE AGUIRRE Ronald , CARVACHE-FRANCO Mauricio , CARVACHE-FRANCO Wilmer
Published: July 2021

This article aims to empirically validate a perception model of hotel service quality for short-stay tourists in transit by applying the SERVPERF model. Thus, 364 foreign tourists in transit in Guayaquil, Ecuador, whose final destination was the Galapagos Islands, were interviewed. The Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) multivariate technique was adopted to evaluate the scales' validity and reliability. The results confirm the SERVPERF model’s psychometric properties for the hotel services quality evaluation. The findings will contribute to hotel managers decision making.
TOPOLOGI DI RUANG METRIK PSEUDO-b_s
Authors: Emeralda Zahra Aulia , Indrati Christiana Rini
Published: July 2021

Dalam tulisan ini dibahas mengenai beberapa sifat metrik pseudo-$b_s$ dan topologi dalam ruang metrik pseudo-$b_s$ di antaranya kekonvergenan-$b_s$ barisan, barisan Cauchy-$b_s$, ruang metrik pseudo-$b_s$ lengkap, serta himpunan tertutup-$b_s$.