bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Towards a more efficient breast cancer therapy using active human cell membrane-coated metal-organic frameworks
Authors: Graván Pablo , Rojas Sara , Picchi Darina Francesca , Galisteo-González Francisco , Horcajada Patricia , Marchal Juan Antonio
Published: November 2023

The recent description of well-defined molecular subtypes of breast cancer has led to the clinical development of a number of successful molecular targets. Particularly, triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is an aggressive type of breast cancer with historically poor outcomes, mainly due to the lack of effective targeted therapies. Recent progresses in materials science have demonstrated the impressive properties of metal-organic framework nanoparticles (NPs) as antitumoral drug delivery systems. Here, in a way to achieve efficient bio-interfaces with cancer cells and improve their internalization, benchmarked MIL-100(Fe) NPs were coated with cell membranes (CMs) derived from the human TNBC cell line MDA-MB-468. The prepared CMs-coated metal-organic framework (CMs_MIL-100(Fe)) showed enhanced colloidal stability, cellular uptake, and cytotoxicity in MDA-MB-468 cells compared to non-coated NPs, paving the way for these human CMs-coated MIL-100(Fe) NPs as effective targeted therapies against the challenging TNBC.
Surgical Management of Non-Cirrhotic Portal Hypertension: An Experience from a Specialized Hepatopancreatobiliary Centre
Authors: Ashraf Mohammad Ijaz , Saeed Zubair , Khan Bilal Ahmed , Khan Muhammad Yasir , Rashid Sohail , Haq Ihsan Ul , Dar Faisal Saud
Published: November 2023

Introduction: Extrahepatic portal vein obstruction is one of the common causes of portal hypertension in non-cirrhotic patients. The sequelae of portal hypertension are hematemesis, portal gastropathy, hypersplenism, and growth retardation. Although advances in endoscopic and radiological interventions effectively manage the complications, only surgery still provides the single-step solution for portal hypertension and its associated complications. The objective of this study was to evaluate and share our experience of surgical management in patients presented with portal vein thrombosis.
Methods: Patients from February 2019 to June 2023 who underwent surgery related to portal vein thrombosis were retrospectively reviewed. Data collected included clinical presentation, etiological features, associated complications, a surgical procedure performed, postoperative complications, and recurrence rate were evaluated.
Results: 45 patients (median Age: 26 ± 11 years) underwent surgical procedures during this study period. A proximal splenorenal shunt was formed in 36 patients, and in 09 patients, splenectomy and devascularization surgery were performed. Complications developed during the postoperative course were abdominal collection, DVT, cholangitis, chyle leak, and hematemesis. All these complications were managed non-operatively. Only two patients had a single upper gastrointestinal bleeding episode managed conservatively with no further recurrence of symptoms. During a long-term follow-up of 5 years, only one patient presented with a recurrence of symptoms.
Conclusion: Extrahepatic portal vein obstruction is one of the common causes of portal hypertension. Although endoscopic and radiological interventions have played a very influential role in managing these complications, surgery is still an effective one-time option with no significant morbidity or mortality.
Children systemic lupus erythematosus-associated pancreatitis
Authors: Zhang Dan , Lai Jianming , Su Gaixiu , Zhu Jia , Kang Min , Li Ming , Xu Yingjie , Meng Li
Published: November 2023

Objective
To early recognise and improve the prognosis of children systemic lupus erythematosus (cSLE)-associated pancreatitis by summarising and analysing clinical features and prognosis data from 12 cases.
Methods
Retrospective analysis of clinical data from 12 cases of cSLE-associated pancreatitis diagnosed and treated from January 2016 to December 2021 at hospitals such as Children's Hospital of Capital Institute of Paediatrics.
Results
The median SLEDAI-2K score for disease activity was 18.00 (range 12.25–21.00) in the case group and 10.00 (range 7.00–18.00) in the control group, with a statistically significant difference (P < 0.05) between the two groups. The case group had a higher proportion of abdominal pain, vomiting, abdominal distension, pleural effusion, Raynaud's phenomenon, splenic infarction, and concurrent macrophage activation syndrome (MAS) than the control group, with a statistically significant difference (P < 0.05). Serum ferritin (SF), alanine transaminase (ALT), aspartate transaminase (AST), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), amylase, and increased 24-hour urine protein levels were statistically different between the two groups (P < 0.05); platelet counts (PLT) reduction was also statistically different (P < 0.05). The case group had a higher proportion of methylprednisolone pulse therapy, cyclophosphamide pulse therapy during remission induction, and therapeutic plasma exchange than the control group, with a statistically significant difference (P < 0.05) between the two.
Conclusion
CSLE-associated pancreatitis has a high fatality rate. The presence of RP, splenic infarction, pleural effusion, and MAS warrants attention from clinicians regarding the possibility of pancreatitis. Once pancreatitis is detected, the primary disease needs active treatment for better prognosis.
DCAF1 promotes gastric cancer progression by PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway
Authors: ZUO Jiawei , QIAO Yan , Shen Yue , SU Xinyu , ZHOU Liqing
Published: November 2023

Background
DCAF1 (DDB1-CUL4 associate factor 1) is a substrate receptor for two different E3 ligases, which plays an important physiological role in protein degradation and is considered to be a drug target for various cancers. However, the roles and mechanisms of DCAF1 in promoting gastric cancer (GC) progression hasn’t been fully understood yet.
Methods
GC samples in database and real-world were analysed to study the relationship between the expression of DCAF1 and clinicopathological characteristics and survival in GC. The mRNA and protein expressions of DCAF1 were assessed using qRT-PCR and IHC. CCK-8 and clone formation assays were employed to determine cell proliferation. Cell migration and invasion were evaluated using wound healing and transwell assays. Finally, downstream molecular mechanisms of DCAF1 affecting GC progression were explored and validated through RNA-seq and Western blot analysis.
Results
DCAF1 was shown to exhibit high expression in GC. Chi-square test indicated that DCAF1 was relevant with the T stage, N stage, and cTNM stage, tumor size and differentiation degree of GC. Kaplan-Meier survival curve showed that GC patients with higher DCAF1 expression had a shorter survival time. Notably, Cox regression analysis suggested that DCAF1 was an independent risk factor of GC. Functionally, DCAF1 remarkably reduced the proliferation, migration, and invasion of GC cells. Mechanistically, DCAF1 promoted GC progression through the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway.
Conclusions
Our study revealed that DCAF1 was an independent prognostic factor. Meanwhile, DCAF1 promoted GC progression by activating the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway, indicating that it might be a promising therapeutic target of GC.
Approximation maintenance when updating conditional values in set-valued ordered decision systems
Authors: Wang Xiaoyu , Su Yuebin
Published: November 2023

The integration of set-valued ordered rough set models and incremental learning signifies a progressive advancement of conventional rough set theory, with the objective of tackling the heterogeneity and ongoing transformations in information systems. In set-valued ordered decision systems, when changes occur in the attribute value domain, such as adding or removing conditional values, it may result in changes in the preference relation between objects, indirectly leading to changes in approximations. In this paper, we effectively address the issue of updating approximations that arise from adding or removing conditional values in set-valued ordered decision systems. Firstly, we classify the research objects into two categories: objects with changes in conditional values and objects without changes, and then conduct theoretical studies on updating approximations for these two categories, presenting approximation update theories for adding or removing conditional values. Subsequently, we present incremental algorithms corresponding to approximation update theories. We demonstrate the feasibility of the proposed incremental update method with numerical examples and show that our incremental algorithm outperforms the static algorithm. Ultimately, by comparing experimental results on different datasets, it is evident that the incremental algorithm efficiently reduces processing time. In conclusion, this study offers a promising strategy to address the challenges of set-valued ordered decision systems in dynamic environments.
Preparation, adsorption behavior and performance of poly (propylene)/organically modified saponite nanocomposites fiber membranes
Authors: Luo Qiang , Li Fei , Weijun Zhen , Ge Qing , Zhou Yushen , Ma Chunmei , Sun Pengtao , Xu Jianbo , Chen Buning
Published: November 2023

Organically modified saponite (Sap@P(St-co-MMA)) additives were prepared by solution polymerization with saponite as matrix and with styrene and methyl methacrylate as monomer, poly (propylene) (PP)/Sap@P(St-co-MMA) nanocomposites fiber membranes are prepared by melt-blown spinning. PP fiber membranes with improved hydrophobicity, thermal stability, crystallinity, and adsorption properties were prepared. The specific surface area of PP fiber membranes (PP-1.5%) with the addition of 1.5% additive is 129.11 m2 g− 1, which provided more active sites for the adsorption of oil substances from wastewater. Simultaneous rheological measurement and FTIR analysis showed that Sap@P(St-co-MMA) could improve the crystallinity of PP matrix, so that PP molecules were regularly arranged to improve the intermolecular interaction force, which was favorable for the adsorption of oil substances. The adsorption of PP-1.5% fiber membrane conformed to a pseudo-second order kinetic model, which could be expressed by the Langmuir isothermal model, and the oil removal of 51% was still achieved after 5 cycles of recycling with a maximum removal of 65%. Accordingly, PP-1.5% fiber membrane can efficiently remove the oil substances in wastewater without secondary pollution to the environment, and it is a kind of oil removal material with good application prospect.
Anyons in a tight wave-guide and the Tonks-Girardeau gas
Authors: Rougerie Nicolas , Yang Qiyun
Published: November 2023

We consider a many-body system of 2D anyons, free quantum particles with general statistics parameter \alpha ∈ ]0,2[α∈]0,2[. In the magnetic gauge picture they are described as bosons attached to Aharonov-Bohm fluxes of intensity 2\pi \alpha2πα, generating long-range magnetic forces. A dimensional reduction to 1D is obtained by imposing a strongly anisotropic trapping potential. This freezes the motion in the direction of strong trapping, leading to 1D physics along the weak direction. The latter is governed to leading order by the Tonks-Girardeau model of impenetrable bosons, independently of \alphaα.
Fiqh of Civilization in Building a Legal State: The Relevance of Muhammad Arkoun's Thought
Authors: Latif Mukhlis , Mutawalli Muhammad
Published: November 2023

Arkoun's political concept is very relevant to the expected idea of civilizational fiqh to resolve social problems nationally and internationally. The purpose of this article is to discuss the fiqh of civilization as an element of the rule of law which is connected with the political thought of state administration Muhammad Arkoun which is based on Islamic values in a legal state. Fiqh of civilization is a major breakthrough in building a legal state in analyzing current problems in the country and the world. This research uses the method qualitative with a conceptual approach by applying and studying thinking Muhammad Arkoun about the political concept of state administration based on values Islam through his works. This research contains the concept of political state; Muhammad Arkoun emphasized the importance of broadening the view of sources of Islamic law and contextual interpretation of Islamic law. Arkoun emphasized that state politics in Islam is more focused on the unity of the people, including religion and state. This aspect is currently being developed through fiqh concepts of civilization. Arkoun's critical thinking can help face the challenges of modernization and globalization in the Islamic world, which are reviewed in building a legal state according to the concept of Islamic statecraft.
Guardianship Supervisory in Indonesia: A Comparative Analyzes of Baitul Mal Aceh and the Heirloom Board
Authors: Cahyani Fatya Pramesta , Kadir Muhammad Ya'kub Aiyub
Published: November 2023

Guardianship supervisory has been a dilemma in the Indonesian legal system. The article assesses the practice of guardianship supervisory in Indonesia by comparing two prominent institutions, Baitul Mal Aceh (BMA) and the Heirloom Board (Balai Harta Peninggalan or BHP). The article focuses on understanding these organizations’ roles and responsibilities in preserving and managing guardianship supervisory. The article uses normative juridicial method to examine how Baitul Mal Aceh and BHP become guardian supervisors and their differences and similarities by reading norms, laws, journals, and the like. The article found that Baitul Mal Aceh has been unable to carry out its duties because of a lack of operational regulation (i.e., Governor’s Regulation) of Qanun Baitul Mal, while BHP only focuses on non-Muslim related issues. These two institutions work independently and cannot support each other. Dualism and lack of implementing regulations in guardianship institutions in Indonesia have posed a dilemma for ensuring proper guardianship over the personal and property of children who are not yet mature or not married under court decisions. The article sheds light on the limitations and complexity of guardianship and its surrounding issues in both institutions.
EWT_Informer: a novel satellite-derived rainfall–runoff model based on informer
Authors: Wang Shuyu , Chen Yu , Ahmed Mohamed
Published: November 2023

An accurate rainfall–runoff observation is critical for giving a warning of a potential damage early enough to allow appropriate response to the disaster. The long short-term memory (LSTM)-based rainfall–runoff model has been proven to be effective in runoff prediction. Previous research has typically utilized multiple information sources as the LSTM training data. However, when there are many sequences of input data, the LSTM cannot get nonlinear valid information between consecutive data. In this paper, a novel informer neural network using empirical wavelet transform (EWT) was first proposed to predict the runoff based only on the single rainfall data. The use of EWT reduced the non-linearity and non-stationarity of runoff data, which increased the accuracy of prediction results. In addition, the model introduced the Fractal theory to divide the rainfall and runoff into three parts, by which the interference caused by excessive data fluctuations could be eliminated. Using 15-year precipitation from the GPM satellite and runoff from the USGS, the model performance was tested. The results show that the EWT_Informer model outperforms the LSTM-based models for runoff prediction. The PCC and training time in EWT_Informer were 0.937, 0.868, and 1 min 3.56 s, respectively, while those provided by the LSTM-based model were 0.854, 0.731, and 4 min 25.9 s, respectively.
Spatial disparities and water resource green efficiency improvement potential in the four-city area in middle China
Authors: Hu Mianhao , Yuan Juhong
Published: November 2023

To address the dual constraints of resource shortages and environmental degradation, the water resource green efficiency (WRGE) concept, which takes into account socioeconomic and green development, has been adopted as a basis for implementation of cleaner production strategies and sustainable economic development. In the present study, the meta-frontier undesirable super-efficiency slack-based measure (Meta-US-SBM) model, which allows for technological heterogeneity across regions, was employed to estimate WRGE in 38 regions in the four-city area in middle China in 2010–2019, and the technology gaps of different regions and categories were discussed. Subsequently, the improvement potential of WRGE (WEIP) in different regions was mapped using the slacks of water resource ecological footprint input and GDP output obtained using the Meta-US-SBM model. According to the results, the regions with the highest average WRGE under group-frontier and meta-frontier groups were Huangshi and Qianjiang, respectively, whereas the category with the highest average WRGE was EOU (regions where economic benefits outmatch urbanization benefits). Surprisingly, the WRGE technology gaps among different regions and categories showed considerable differences. We observed a negative correlation between WEIP and WRGE. Moreover, there were obvious differences in water resource ecological footprint improvement potential among different regions and categories.
Regulatory Pathways for Ayurvedic Formulations in India
Authors: Sanduja Mohit , Gaur Rishabh , Sharma Anuj Kumar , Pathak Devender , Kulshreshtha Mayank
Published: November 2023

Ayurveda, a traditional system of medicine originating in India, focuses on teaching people how to live a healthy lifestyle. Ayurveda describes health as harmony between body, mind, emotions, and spirituality. It interprets illness as a symptom and result of disharmony. It is a system that is increasingly becoming an object of interest for people around the world. It is a way for healthy people looking for methods of prevention and patients looking for natural ways to heal. The regulatory requirements for its formulations have been a major challenge. Some regulations for Ayurveda are clubbed together with those of other systems of medicine, for ex-ample, Siddha, Unani, and Homeopathy due to their similarity, but the official books relevant to the Ayurvedic systems of medicine are separately compiled and conserved. Ayurveda does not prohibit anything, it does not act invasively or aggressively, and in the treatment of ailments it uses all naturally occurring bioactive substances, which, for example, in Western countries are associated with "functional food" or "dietary supplements". In order to increase the quality and reliability of Ayurvedic formulations, various councils and departments under these ministries have been laying the foundation of standards and protocols as per the demands of regulatory au-thorities. The direct or indirect connection among the different Ministries of India governing the regulations for the production, standardization, and development of Ayurvedic formulations has also been viewed. Improvement in quality parameters has a higher level of acceptance of ayur-vedic formulations. It has amplified the market size of the ayurvedic pharmaceutical industry. The synchronisation of various regulations in India could emerge as a powerful tool in establish-ing a novel platform for the whole world in the manufacturing and development of ayurvedic formulations for the benefit of mankind.
Off-label Use of Medicines in COVID-19: A Lesson For Future
Authors: Hemmati Ali Asghar , Mojiri-Forushani Hoda
Published: November 2023

The COVID-19 infection is rapidly spreading worldwide. Treating this new viral infection
is a great challenge worldwide. There is no specific and approved medication for its treatment,
so some medications are considered off-label. Antivirals, corticosteroids, antimalarial agents, and
antibiotics are proposed in different countries to treat COVID-19. This narrative review discussed the
off-label use of medications for COVID-19 and the beneficial and adverse effects of them. Evidence
was collected and sorted from the literature ranging from 2019 to 2022 on scientific databases such
as Web of Science, PubMed, and Scopus with suitable keywords. All papers, namely systematic
reviews, case studies, and clinical guidelines, were evaluated. Antimalarial agents, antivirals, antibiotics,
corticosteroids, NSAIDs, biological medicines, Ivermectin, and melatonin were reviewed in
this study. Some medications have direct antiviral effects, and many can reduce infection symptoms
and hospitalization. In some clinical trial trials, even some of them, such as corticosteroids, can lower
death rates, particularly during the cytokine storm period. However, the effectiveness of some
medications has not been understood. Besides, the side effects of off-label use of these medications
must be considered a serious concern. There are no proven medications for COVID-19 yet. Off-label
use of medications is a double-edged sword that can have advantages outweighing its disadvantages.
The COVID-19 crisis taught us many lessons about dealing with health-related crises and their
treatment management. One of the most important lessons is paying more attention to the discovery
and development of novel drugs and vaccines based on modern technology.
Applications of Machine Learning
Authors: Babu K. Sudheer , Reddy CH. M. , Swapna A. , Subhahan D. Abdus
Published: November 2023

In this chapter, we briefly discuss various real-time applications of machine
learning algorithms. Machine Learning Algorithms explain the following topics:
Introduction to ML algorithms, Supervised Learning, Classification, Regression
(Linear Regression, Logistic Regression, Decision Tree, Naive Bayes, Support
Vector Machine, Random Forest, AdaBoost, Gradient-Boosting Trees), and
Unsupervised Learning (K-Means Clustering, Gaussian Mixture Model,
Hierarchical Clustering, Recommender Systems, PCA/T-SNE). Application of
Machine Learning explains various real-time applications like augmentation,
automation, finance, government, healthcare, marketing, traffic alerts, image
recognition, video surveillance, sentiment analysis, product recommendation, online
support using chatbots, Google translate, online video streaming applications, virtual
professional assistants, machine learning usage in social media, stock market signals
using machine learning, auto-driven cars, and real-time dynamic pricing.
AI for Crop Improvement
Authors: Vasantha S.V.
Published: November 2023

The introduction of high-performance genomic technologies into plant
science has resulted in the generation of huge volumes of genomic information.
Moreover, for biologists to deal with such complex, voluminous dataand infer some
significant findings in order to improve crop quality and quantity has presented a big
challenge to them. The advent of Artificial Intelligence (AI), Machine learning (ML)
and Deep Learning (DL), facilitated automated tools for more efficient and better
analysis of the data. Another crucial process that needs to be automated in field farming
is the timely and precise diagnosis of crop diseases which plays a vital role in the
prevention of productivity loss and reduced quantity of agricultural products. ML
provides a solution to solve these problems by automatic field crop inspection.
Recently, DL techniques have been widely applied for processing images to obtain
enhanced accuracy. This chapter describes the need of AI in Agri-Genomics; it also
includes various contemporary AI solutions for the Crop Improvement process and
presents the proposed AI-based Crop Improvement Model (AI-CIM).
Introduction and Classification of Radiation
Authors: Maqbool Muhammad
Published: November 2023

We interact with several types of radiation in our daily life and on certain
occasions. Even though all radiation carries some common properties but there are still
several differences between them due to different characteristics and effects. Based on
the characteristics and applications, radiation is divided into two main categories:
ionizing and non-ionizing radiation. A brief introduction to both types of radiation is
provided here. Similarities and differences in radiation are discussed in detail to justify
why nonionizing radiation is different than ionizing radiation. Very little has been
explored; nonionizing radiation needs more attention. Therefore, more emphasis is put
on nonionizing radiation, its properties, classification, wavelength, and energy range,
and why nonionizing radiation plays an important role in our lives, which are reported
here.
Visible Light: Benefits and Harms
Authors: Heath Robert , Maqbool Muhammad
Published: November 2023

Electromagnetic radiation with a wavelength between 380 nm and 760 nm is
called visible light. Electromagnetic radiation within the mentioned wavelength range
is called visible because we can see the world around us with the help of this radiation.
A misconception usually exists that light is visible and exists in multiple colors. Light
is not visible; it gives the feeling and sensation of various colors. For example, light
with a wavelength of 450 nm gives the sensation of blue color, and light with a
wavelength of 530 nm gives the sensation of green color; hence, we simply call it blue
and green light. Light is very useful in our daily lives in many areas other than just
seeing the world around us. Despite the enormous benefits of visible light, there are
also some harms and hazards associated with this part of electromagnetic waves. Along
with the basic understanding of daily life phenomena based on light and several
benefits of light, this chapter also reports harms and hazards accompanied by visible
light that we should be aware of and should protect ourselves from. Several examples
of the hazards of visible light are provided in this chapter
Analisa Hidraulik Bendung Netemnanu, Kabupaten Kupang Provinsi Nusa Tenggara Timur.
Authors: Wirawan Putra Rizky Almiraldi , Solichin Mohammad , Dermawan Very
Published: November 2023

Bendung Netemnanu berada di Kabupaten Kupang, Provinsi Nusa Tenggara Timur yang peruntukannya sebagai pemenuhan kebutuhan air irigasi, dan berfungsi juga untuk konservasi sumber daya air. Rehabilitasi Bendung Netemnanu dilaksanakan dengan tujuan mengembalikan fungsi utama Bendung Netemnanu yang mengalami kerusakan berskala besar. Tujuan dari penelitian ini untuk menganalisis pola aliran hidrolika, gerusan pada hilir bendung dan kemampuan pembilasan kantong lumpur pada intake yang terdapat dalam model test. Hasil penelitian tersebut menunjukkan kondisi hidrolik aliran subkritis pada bagian hulu bendung, superkritis pada bagian saluran peluncur, subkritis pada bagian kolam olak dan subkritis pada sungai, namun pada beberapa section sungai menunjukkan hasil aliran superkritis pada original design sampai dengan final design. Gerusan lokal pada penelitian ini menunkukkan hasil gerusan sedalam 4,54 m pada original design (belum aman), setelah perubahan desain menunjukkan gerusan sedalam 1,81 m dan 2,68 m pada debit Q2th dan Q5th. Dengan hasil gerusal lokal pada final design tersebut dapat disimpulkan bahwa struktur aman dan tidak merusak bangunan utama Bendung Netemnanu. Pintu intake dimanfaatkan untuk menyalurkan air untuk pasokan irigasi dan pembilasan. Hasil pemodelan efektifitas pembilasan kantong lumpur dengan debit pembilasan 2,5 m3/dt menunjukkan kekuatannya dalam mengangkut 45,45% dari keseluruhan sedimen. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan dengan harapan hasil pemodelan hidrolika dapat lebih berkembang dalan menentukan desain bendung dan perencanaannya dapat dipermudah.
Analisa Rembesan Terhadap Terjadinya Piping pada Bendungan Cijurey Kabupaten Bogor Provinsi Jawa Barat
Authors: Denny Ahmad Fauzi  , Suwanto Marsudi  , Evi Nur Cahya
Published: November 2023

Bendungan Cijurey merupakan bendungan tipe beton gravitasi atau tipe RCC dengan material beton yang memiliki nilai permeabilitas rendah. Secara struktur, tipe RCC memiliki lift joint yang rawan dilalui oleh air sehingga dapat menyebabkan rembesan. Bendungan ini terletak pada lapisan tanah yang mendominasi yaitu batulempung dan batupasir, dimana memiliki nilai permeabilitas yang berbeda dengan daya dukung yang rendah, selain itu debit rembesan yang terjadi akan memiliki pola yang berbeda. Analisa rembesan dan piping menggunakan bantuan software Geostudio SEEP/W. Hasil analisa debit rembesan yang terjadi untuk kondisi normal (El. +286 m) yaitu 0,00196 m3/dt dan untuk kondisi banjir 0,002 m3/dt dengan debit yang diizinkan yaitu 0,00124 m3/dt. Untuk nilai faktor keamanan terhadap piping untuk kondisi muka air normal yaitu 1,065 < 4 dan kondisi muka air banjir yaitu 1,024 < 4, hal ini terjadi pada area kaki bendungan sehingga dapat mengganggu dari stabilitas bendungan. Untuk itu diperlukan perbaikan pondasi berupa dinding diafragma dengan kedalaman 42,5 m dan ketebalannya yaitu 0,80 m, sehingga didapatkan debit rembesan untuk kondisi normal (El. +286 m) yaitu 0,00073 m3/dt dan untuk kondisi banjir (El. +288,28 m) yaitu 0,00076 m3/dt. Nilai faktor keamanan terhadap piping yaitu untuk kondisi normal (El. +286 m) yaitu 10,75 > 4 dan untuk kondisi muka air banjir (El. +288,28 m) yaitu 10,33 > 4, dapat dikatakan bendungan aman terhadap terjadinya piping
Studi Perencanaan Pengelak Tipe Konduit dan Cofferdam di Bendungan Cijurey Kabupaten Bogor Provinsi Jawa Barat
Authors: Fakhrulloh Ahzar , Suwanto Marsudi  , Evi Nur Cahya
Published: November 2023

Banjir di daerah hilir sungai Citarum merupakan permasalahan yang menjadi perhatian bersama khususnya bagi daerah Provinsi Jawa Barat, maka dibangun Bendungan Cijurey. Bendungan Cijurey berlokasi di Desa Sukadamai, Kecamatan Sukamakmur, Kabupaten Bogor. Pada pelaksanaan konstruksi bendungan dibutuhkan bangunan pengelakan aliran sungai. Studi ini dilakukan guna merencanakan konduit pengelak dan cofferdam pada Bendungan Cijurey. Direncanakan Konduit berbentuk persegi dan cofferdam. Dilakukan penelusuran banjir untuk menentukan tinggi muka air pada inlet konduit. Dilakukan perhitungan rembesan dan stabilitas lereng cofferdam, serta dilakukan analisa struktur pada konduit pengelak. Perhitungan penelusuran banjir dengan kala ulang 25 tahun dengan debit sebesar 291,47 m3/detik didapatkan ketinggian muka air pada inlet konduit 9,43 m  maka dipilih dimensi konduit 5x5m dan tinggi cofferdam setinggi 10 m. Didesain cofferdam berinti lempung  urugan kerikil-kerakal dengan kemiringan lereng 1 : 2,5 dan diberi perlindungan riprap. Perhitungan rembesan dan stabilitas lereng pada cofferdam telah memenuhi standard minimum. Analisa struktur pada konduit berdimensi 5x5m dengan ketebalan 1,25 m, 1 m, dan 0,85 m dihitung nilai momen maksimum, maka didapatkan tulangan masing-masing secara berurutan yaitu, tulangan utama D29-120 dan tulangan bagi D25-120, tulangan utama D29-130 dan tulangan bagi D25-150, dan tulangan utama D29-100 dan tulangan bagi D22-140.
Penentuan Status Mutu Air Drainase Kawasan Permukiman di Kelurahan Arjosari, Kota Malang
Authors: Kristanti Yunike Ayu , Riyanto Haribowo
Published: November 2023

Kelurahan Arjosari merupakan daerah yang didominasi oleh kawasan permukiman sebesar 91,93% dari luas wilayahnya. Pertambahan penduduk daerah tersebut yang pesat menyebabkan pengaruh pada aktivitas rumah tangga terutama dalam pembuangan limbah domestik ke sungai melalui jalur jaringan drainase. Apalagi, limbah yang dibuang tanpa adanya pengelolahan terlebih dahulu sehingga dapat memungkinkan penurunan kualitas air pada drainase. Tujuan dari penelitian ini yaitu adalah untuk mengetahui kondisi kualitas air berdasarkan baku mutu yang telah ditetapkan sesuai peruntukannya dan menghitung status mutu air menggunakan metode STORET. Hasil pemantuan kualitas air dibandingkan dengan Peraturan Pemerintah No. 22 Tahun 2021 menunjukan bahwa parameter DO melebihi batas baku mutu kelas II dan III. Berdasarkan, perhitungan status mutu air menggunakan metode STORET pada kelas II dan kelas III termasuk dalam kategori tercemar ringan. Akan tetapi, pada kelas IV memenuhi baku mutu sehingga air drainase di Kelurahan Arjosari yang mengalir ke Sungai Bango dapat digunakan untuk mengairi pertanaman atau peruntukan lain yang sama dengan kegunaan tersebut. Penanggulangan terhadap pencemaran air limbah domestik dapat dilakukan dengan pengadaan Instalasi Pengolahan Air Limbah (IPAL) sehingga air limbah dari rumah tangga dapat diolah terlebih dahulu sebelum dibuang pada saluran drainase dan dialirkan ke sungai.
Estrés parental y percepción del cuidado parental de enfermería en neonatología
Authors: Flores Chura Mery Yaneth , Ramos Caballero Edgardo Javier
Published: November 2023

Introduction: the psychoemotional state of parents is affected when their newborn is hospitalized when facing a new environment, dealing with strangers and delegating their first protective care. Objective: to determine the level of parental stress and theperception of parental nursing care in the neonatology service of a national hospital in Peru. Methodology: quantitative, descriptive-correlational, cross-sectional study. With a sample of 75 parents of babies hospitalized in neonatology. Questionnaires were applied: Parental Stress Scale - PPS:NIICU with α=0.7 and Nursing Parent Support Tool - NPST (α = 0.96). Results: 68.7% of the participants presented moderate level of parental stress, the main sources of stress were: alteration of parental role, impact of appearance, treatment and behavior of the baby. They considered parental nursing care to be low, with deficiencies in emotional, communicational and informational support; however, they recognized good nursing care. Finally, no significant relationship was found between both variables (Tau-b: -0.07; with p < 0.05). Conclusions: there is an urgent need to implement initiatives that involve parents in different processes during the hospitalization of their babies, in addition to the training of nurses to identify and attend to psychoemotional needs.
Guidelines for using superabsorbent polymers (SAP) in concrete construction
Authors: Mechtcherine Viktor
Published: November 2023

Superabsorbent polymers (SAP) are highly promising chemical admixtures for concrete, offering numerous advantages in terms of water control within the mixture. These polymers present exciting possibilities for enhancing the rheological properties of fresh concrete and addressing challenges related to autogenous and plastic shrinkage through internal curing. An interesting characteristic of SAP is their ability to create stable pore systems regardless of the consistency of the concrete, the addition of superplasticizers, or the chosen method of placement and compaction. As a result, SAP emerges as a viable alternative to air-entrainment agents. While the benefits of using SAP are evident, there is a lack of standards regulating their application by concrete producers. In this regard, the recommendations offered by RILEM may pave the path toward formal regulation. This article aims to provide an overview of these recommendations.
Collection and Analysis of Adherence Information for Software as a Medical Device Clinical Trials: Systematic Review
Authors: Grayek Emily , Krishnamurti Tamar , Hu Lydia , Babich Olivia , Warren Katherine , Fischhoff Baruch
Published: November 2023

Background

The rapid growth of digital health apps has necessitated new regulatory approaches to ensure compliance with safety and effectiveness standards. Nonadherence and heterogeneous user engagement with digital health apps can lead to trial estimates that overestimate or underestimate an app’s effectiveness. However, there are no current standards for how researchers should measure adherence or address the risk of bias imposed by nonadherence through efficacy analyses.

Objective

This systematic review aims to address 2 critical questions regarding clinical trials of software as a medical device (SaMD) apps: How well do researchers report adherence and engagement metrics for studies of effectiveness and efficacy? and What efficacy analyses do researchers use to account for nonadherence and how appropriate are their methods?

Methods

We searched the Food and Drug Administration’s registration database for registrations of repeated-use, patient-facing SaMD therapeutics. For each such registration, we searched ClinicalTrials.gov, company websites, and MEDLINE for the corresponding clinical trial and study articles through March 2022. Adherence and engagement data were summarized for each of the 24 identified articles, corresponding to 10 SaMD therapeutics. Each article was analyzed with a framework developed using the Cochrane risk-of-bias questions to estimate the potential effects of imperfect adherence on SaMD effectiveness. This review, funded by the Richard King Mellon Foundation, is registered on the Open Science Framework.

Results

We found that although most articles (23/24, 96%) reported collecting information about SaMD therapeutic engagement, of the 20 articles for apps with prescribed use, only 9 (45%) reported adherence information across all aspects of prescribed use: 15 (75%) reported metrics for the initiation of therapeutic use, 16 (80%) reported metrics reporting adherence between the initiation and discontinuation of the therapeutic (implementation), and 4 (20%) reported the discontinuation of the therapeutic (persistence). The articles varied in the reported metrics. For trials that reported adherence or engagement, there were 4 definitions of initiation, 8 definitions of implementation, and 4 definitions of persistence. All articles studying a therapeutic with a prescribed use reported effectiveness estimates that might have been affected by nonadherence; only a few (2/20, 10%) used methods appropriate to evaluate efficacy.

Conclusions

This review identifies 5 areas for improving future SaMD trials and studies: use consistent metrics for reporting adherence, use reliable adherence metrics, preregister analyses for observational studies, use less biased efficacy analysis methods, and fully report statistical methods and assumptions.
Collection and Analysis of Adherence Information for Software as a Medical Device Clinical Trials: Systematic Review (Preprint)
Authors: Grayek Emily , Krishnamurti Tamar , Hu Lydia , Babich Olivia , Warren Katherine , Fischhoff Baruch
Published: November 2023

BACKGROUND

The rapid growth of digital health apps has necessitated new regulatory approaches to ensure compliance with safety and effectiveness standards. Nonadherence and heterogeneous user engagement with digital health apps can lead to trial estimates that overestimate or underestimate an app’s effectiveness. However, there are no current standards for how researchers should measure adherence or address the risk of bias imposed by nonadherence through efficacy analyses.

OBJECTIVE

This systematic review aims to address 2 critical questions regarding clinical trials of software as a medical device (SaMD) apps: How well do researchers report adherence and engagement metrics for studies of effectiveness and efficacy? and What efficacy analyses do researchers use to account for nonadherence and how appropriate are their methods?

METHODS

We searched the Food and Drug Administration’s registration database for registrations of repeated-use, patient-facing SaMD therapeutics. For each such registration, we searched ClinicalTrials.gov, company websites, and MEDLINE for the corresponding clinical trial and study articles through March 2022. Adherence and engagement data were summarized for each of the 24 identified articles, corresponding to 10 SaMD therapeutics. Each article was analyzed with a framework developed using the Cochrane risk-of-bias questions to estimate the potential effects of imperfect adherence on SaMD effectiveness. This review, funded by the Richard King Mellon Foundation, is registered on the Open Science Framework.

RESULTS

We found that although most articles (23/24, 96%) reported collecting information about SaMD therapeutic engagement, of the 20 articles for apps with prescribed use, only 9 (45%) reported adherence information across all aspects of prescribed use: 15 (75%) reported metrics for the initiation of therapeutic use, 16 (80%) reported metrics reporting adherence between the initiation and discontinuation of the therapeutic (implementation), and 4 (20%) reported the discontinuation of the therapeutic (persistence). The articles varied in the reported metrics. For trials that reported adherence or engagement, there were 4 definitions of initiation, 8 definitions of implementation, and 4 definitions of persistence. All articles studying a therapeutic with a prescribed use reported effectiveness estimates that might have been affected by nonadherence; only a few (2/20, 10%) used methods appropriate to evaluate efficacy.

CONCLUSIONS

This review identifies 5 areas for improving future SaMD trials and studies: use consistent metrics for reporting adherence, use reliable adherence metrics, preregister analyses for observational studies, use less biased efficacy analysis methods, and fully report statistical methods and assumptions.
Use of Assistive Technology for Persons with Psychosocial Disability: Systematic Review (Preprint)
Authors: Ebuenyi Ikenna D , Flocks-Monaghan Celina , Rai Sarju S , Vries Ralph de , Bhuyan Soumitra S , Pearlman Jonathan , Jones Nev
Published: November 2023

BACKGROUND

Assistive technology (AT) refers to assistive products (AP) and associated systems and services that are relevant for function, independence, well-being, and quality of life for individuals with disabilities. There is a high unmet need for AT for persons with disabilities and this is worse for persons with cognitive and mental or psychosocial disabilities (PDs). Further, information and knowledge on AT for PDs is limited.

OBJECTIVE

The aim of this review was to explore the pattern of AT use among persons with PDs and its associated socioeconomic and health benefits.

METHODS

The review was reported according to the PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses), and we conducted systematic searches in the 4 databases: PubMed, Embase.com, APA PsycInfo (Ebsco), and Web of Science (Core Collection) with the following index terms: “Assistive Technology,” “Self-Help Devices,” “Quality of Life,” “Activities of Daily Living,” “Mental Disorders.” We included only AT individuals with PDs can independently use without reliance on a provider. Identified papers were exported to EndNote (Clarivate) and we undertook a narrative synthesis of the included studies.

RESULTS

In total, 5 studies were included in the review which reported use of different AT for schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, depression and anxiety disorders. The APs described in the included studies are Palm tungsten T3 handheld computer, MOBUS, personal digital assistant, automated pill cap, weighted chain blankets, and smartphone function. All the AT products identified in the studies were found to be easily usable by individuals with PDs. The APs reported in the included studies have broad impact and influence on social function, productivity, and treatment or management. The studies were heterogeneous and were all conducted in high-income countries.

CONCLUSIONS

Our study contributes to and strengthens existing evidence on the relevance of AT for PDs and its potential to support socioeconomic participation and health. Although AT has the potential to improve function and participation for individuals with PDs; this review highlights that research on the subject is limited. Further research and health policy changes are needed to improve research and AT service provision for individuals with PDs especially in low-income settings.

CLINICALTRIAL

PROSPERO CRD42022343735; https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?RecordID=343735
Key Considerations for Designing Clinical Studies to Evaluate Digital Health Solutions (Preprint)
Authors: Bolinger Elaina , Tyl Benoit
Published: November 2023

UNSTRUCTURED

Evidence of clinical impact is critical to unlock the potential of digital health solutions (DHSs), yet many solutions are failing to deliver positive clinical results. We argue in this viewpoint that this failure is linked to current approaches to DHS evaluation design, which neglect numerous key characteristics (KCs) requiring specific scientific and design considerations. We first delineate the KCs of DHSs: (1) they are implemented at health care system and patient levels; (2) they are “complex” interventions; (3) they can drive multiple clinical outcomes indirectly through a multitude of smaller clinical benefits; (4) their mechanism of action can vary between individuals and change over time based on patient needs; and (5) they develop through short, iterative cycles—optimally within a real-world use context. Following our objective to drive better alignment between clinical evaluation design and the unique traits of DHSs, we then provide methodological suggestions that better address these KCs, including tips on mechanism-of-action mapping, alternative randomization methods, control-arm adaptations, and novel end-point selection, as well as innovative methods utilizing real-world data and platform research.
Clinical Simulation in Complexity: Learning Based on Simulation to Innovate Medical Training (Preprint)
Authors: NAVARRO-PARRA Sandra Liliana , Ramírez Montoya María Soledad , Chiappe Andrés
Published: November 2023

BACKGROUND

The social isolation and distancing measures which followed the COVID-19 pandemic promoted clinical telesimulation and virtual simulation as a didactic strategy for training medical students. These strategies have not yet been fully evaluated in terms of impact and acceptability.

OBJECTIVE

This study evaluates virtual simulation and telesimulation strategies applied during the pandemic from the perspective of students, professors, and experts in clinical simulation.

METHODS

A qualitative method was applied to 56 medical students studying semiology and 12 professors. The students and professors conducted clinical simulations during in-person classes assisted by information and communication technology (ICT). Follow-up was conducted for 18 months. The intervention focused on tele-simulation and in-person ICT-assisted classes. The measurements focused on students’ perceptions of the practice and of professors relating to developing skills and competence.

RESULTS

During remote debriefing, students gave simulations an average rating of 6.43/7. Measuring the competence development (generic and specific) showed a rate of 82.2% at different times during the simulation, corresponding to the 80% level of development given by professors’ evaluations in real scenarios.

CONCLUSIONS

Using a simulation-based didactic strategy in the form of ICT-assisted in-person classes prior to the practical training stage required for medical students was pertinent, efficient, and found to be favourable during the pandemic.
Pandemics and their geographical distribution
Authors: Komilova N. , Mukhammedova N. , Ermatova N. , Ibragimova Z. , Bafoeva S.
Published: November 2023

Background. The relevance of the presented article is due to an increase in the incidence of COVID-19 and the pandemic getting out of control. In the current conditions, the experience of previous generations and ancient pandemics will be useful for further study of the situation. The purpose of the article is to compare and analyze the experience of overcoming and passing through pandemic states and periods in the history of mankind, as well as to draw up possible theoretical methods for influencing the current situation through this experience. Materials and methods. To reveal the topic, authors used the methods of comparative analysis, historical perspective, induction and deduction, as well as an appeal to archival sources and international authors. Results. Thanks to the derived statistics of the incidence of coronavirus, preventive measures have been created against the spread of the pandemic, the use of which in the future will significantly reduce the risks of morbidity. Conclusions. In the field of studying COVID-19, the experience of previous epidemic periods of history has not been applied on a global scale, which determines the novelty of the presented article.