bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Analisis Video Share to Video Comments Ratio TikTok Pada 5 Akun Tutorial Memasak
Authors: Kusala Dharma
Published: December 2021

Credibility Account TikTok Social Media Marketing Social Media TikTok Video Shares to Video Comments Ratio Akun Tutorial Memasak There are so many social media platforms that can be used as a means of communication in the 4.0 era, from Facebook, Twitter, Instagram to TikTok. TikTok is a social media platform from China that allows users to create 15-second videos accompanied by music, filters, and other creative features. In 2021 TikTok will become one of the most popular social media platforms worldwide. In Indonesia alone TikTok has been downloaded by 30.7 million Indonesians. Seeing the large number of Tiktok users in Indonesia, people are starting to try to take advantage of the TikTok social media platform to gain fame or even share useful knowledge such as easy and fun cooking tutorials. There are 5 tiktok accounts about cooking tutorials that are in great demand by the Indonesian people, including: querrkunoichi, garciandyyy, yackikuka, makfoodies, felya_ng. This research is expected to determine the credibility of the performance of 5 TikTok cooking tutorial accounts using quantitative exploratory methods. The results obtained from this study indicate that the TikTok makfoodies account occupies the highest rank and has good account credibility.
DEFINISI,FUNGSI DAN RUANG LINGKUP BISNIS
Authors: gunawan sahrul
Published: December 2021

MAKALAH INI DIBUAT UNTUK MENYELESAIKAN TUGAS PENGANTAR BISNIS,DAN PENULIS BERHARAP BISA MEMBERIKAN TAMBAHAN PENGETAHUAN AKAN BISNIS
Temperatures of Anvil Clouds and Radiative Tropopause in a Wide Array of Cloud-Resolving Simulations
Authors: Seidel Seth , Yang Da
Published: December 2021

We present 123 cloud-resolving simulations to study how temperatures of anvil clouds and radiative tropopause (RT) change with surface warming. Our simulation results show that the RT warms at approximately the same rate as anvil clouds. This relationship persists across a variety of modeling choices, including surface temperature, greenhouse gas concentration, and the representation of radiative transfer. We further show that the shifting ozone profile associated with climate warming may give rise to a fixed RT temperature as well as a fixed anvil temperature. This result points to the importance of faithful treatment of ozone in simulating clouds and climate change; the robust anvil-RT relationship may also provide alternative ways to understand what controls anvil temperature.
A snapshot of the earliest stages of normal fault growth
Authors: Alghuraybi Ahmed , Bell Rebecca , Jackson Christopher
Published: December 2021

Observations of how faults lengthen and accrue displacement during the very earliest stages of their growth are limited, reflecting the fact that the early syn-kinematic sediments that record this growth are often deeply buried and difficult to image with geophysical data. Here, we use borehole and high-quality 3D seismic reflection data from offshore Norway to quantify the lateral propagation (c. 0.38 – 3.4 mm/year) and displacement accumulation (c. 0.0062 – 0.025 mm/year) rates (averaged over 6.2 Myr) for several long (up to 43 km), moderate displacement (up to 155 m), layer-bound faults that we argue provide a unique, essentially ‘fossilised’ snapshot of the earliest stage of fault growth. We show that lateral propagation rates were up to 300 times faster than displacement rates during the initial ~25% of fault lifespan, suggesting that these faults lengthened much more rapidly than they accrued displacement. Our inference of rapid lengthening is also supported by geometric observations including: (i) low Dmax-Lmax (<0.01) scaling relationships, ii) high (>5) length/height aspect ratios, iii) broad, bell-shaped throw-length profiles, and iv) hangingwall depocenters forming during deposition of the first seismically detectable stratigraphic unit spanning the length of the fault. We suggest that the unusually high ratio between lateral propagation rate and displacement rate is likely due to relative immaturity of the studied fault system, an interpretation that supports the ‘constant-length’ fault growth model. Our results highlight the need to document both displacement and lateral propagation rates to further our understanding of how faults evolve across various temporal and spatial scales.
The Communication Infrastructures of Living Systems and the Universe: Analysis from the Perspective of Antenna Theory
Authors: Ray Sirsendu Sekhar , Maitra Bitop
Published: December 2021

It is still unknown how molecules coordinate their activity and operate at high speeds in the crowded environment of a cell. The study focuses on the geometry of biomolecules, assuming B-DNA, α-helix, β-strand, water molecules, and chemical bonds, including hydrogen bonds, as various types of antennas. The analysis demonstrates that living systems have highly sophisticated wireless and wired communication infrastructures for regulating and coordinating molecular activities, revealing why water is essential for molecular dynamics and indicating how we evolved. The study also includes a few equations linking antenna fields with Einstein’s general relativity, Kepler’s law of planetary motion, and Newton’s law of gravitation, which divides the gravitational field into antenna field zones and clarifies many astronomical facts. The findings, furthermore, suggest that the gravitational field is the antenna field of astronomical objects; and that nature's antennas, such as molecules and astronomical objects, communicate via gravitational waves. We hope that the study, which uses a classical approach to explain the facts of living systems and the Universe, will find applications in biology, astronomy, communication engineering, and other areas of science.
Misplaced Intuitions in Interventions to Reduce Attractiveness-Based Discrimination
Authors: Axt Jordan , Yang Jianyu , Deshpande Harshadaa
Published: December 2021

Individuals and organizations are increasing efforts to address discrimination. Non-experts may lack awareness of or are resistant to scientifically-informed strategies for reducing discrimination, instead relying on intuition. Five studies investigated the accuracy of non-experts’ intuitions about reducing discrimination concerning physical attractiveness. In Studies 1a-1c (N = 902), participants predicted the effectiveness of six interventions to reduce attractiveness-based favoritism on a judgment task. Studies 2a-2b (N = 6,292) investigated the effectiveness of these interventions. While two interventions reduced discrimination, intuitions were poorly aligned with actual results; fewer than 1% of participants identified the combination of interventions that did versus did not impact judgment, and responses were more likely to be below than above chance when predicting each intervention’s effectiveness. Though follow-up work should investigate the accuracy of intuition in other forms of discrimination, the current results further stress the need for greater development and adoption of evidence-based strategies for combatting discrimination.
Developmental behavioral genetics research on school achievement is missing vulnerable children, to our detriment
Authors: Holden LaTasha R , Haughbrook Rasheda , Hart Sara Ann
Published: December 2021

Gene–environment processes tell us how genetic predispositions and environments work together to influence children in schools. One type of gene–environment process that has been extensively studied using behavioral genetics methods is a gene-by-environment interaction. A gene-by-environment interaction shows us when the effect of your context on a phenotype differs depending on your genetic predispositions, or vice versa, when the effect of your genetic predispositions on a phenotype differs depending on your context. Developmental behavioral geneticists interested in children’s school achievement have examined many different contexts within the gene-by-environment interaction model, including contexts measured from within children’s home and school environments. However, this work has been overwhelmingly focused on WEIRD samples children, leaving us with non-inclusive scientific evidence. This can lead to detrimental outcomes when we overgeneralize this non-inclusive scientific evidence to racialized groups. We conclude with a call to include racialized children in more research samples.
Humble and Apologetic? Predicting Apology Quality with Intellectual and General Humility
Authors: Ludwig Justin Michael , Schumann Karina , Porter Tenelle
Published: December 2021

Apologies are powerful predictors of reconciliation, but transgressors often fail to offer optimal, high-quality apologies that are comprehensive and non-defensive. We tested whether intellectual humility and general humility predict the use of high-quality apologies versus taking no action to resolve a conflict, and the processes that mediate these associations using online vignette experiments. In Study 1 (N = 397), transgressors with greater intellectual humility offered higher-quality apologies and were less likely to take no action following a relational offense. However, these associations did not remain significant when controlling for general humility. In Study 2 (N = 394), intellectual humility uniquely predicted greater apology comprehensiveness and less inaction following an intellect-based offense, demonstrating its context-specific associations with apology behavior. By contrast, general humility was a robust predictor of higher-quality apologies and less inaction across offense contexts. Consistent with recent theorizing on psychological barriers to apologizing, both studies also found support for the mediating roles of empathic effort and self-protection.
Fixing Person-Based Stakes in Distributive Theory
Authors: Herlitz Anders
Published: December 2021

This paper explores an often overlooked distinction in distributive theory and its importance. The paper illustrates that there are at least three ways to interpret substantive proposals of how to distribute goods based on what is at stake for different individuals (or their “claims” or “complaints”) and that the interpretation affects what the proposals recommend. It then argues that each of the interpretations is associated with significant problems since they all seem to violate plausible requirements of rationality. A fourth interpretation of how to understand person-based stakes is introduced, but some questions regarding whether this is compatible with distributive theories that appeal to such stakes are raised.
On the Alleged Insufficiency of the Polluter Pays Principle
Authors: Bowman Paul
Published: December 2021

Several theorists of climate change justice have argued that the polluter-pays principle fails to assign duties that, if fulfilled, would be sufficient to prevent or compensate for all climate change-induced harm to persons. This paper contends that their argument for this claim rests on a faulty account of how the costs of rectifying a collectively-caused harm or threat of harm should be allocated among agents who have incurred duties of corrective justice to bear these costs. Given a more plausible account of how these costs should be allocated, it is likely that the polluter-pays principle does in fact assign duties that, if fulfilled, would be sufficient to prevent or compensate for all climate change-induced harm to persons.
Discounting and Intergenerational Ethics
Authors: Zuber Stéphane , Fleurbaey Marc
Published: December 2021

The question of social discounting is central in intertemporal cost-benefit analysis that often shapes economists’ recommendations regarding climate policy. The practice of discounting has been the object of heated debates among economists and philosophers, revolving around the issue of intergenerational ethics. In this chapter, we review the different arguments for and against specific values of social discounting. We show that there are actually two different ethical issues at stake: 1) the question of impartiality (or equal treatment of all generations); 2) the question of priority to the worse-off (aversion to inequality in resources, capabilities or welfare). These questions have emerged in the utilitarian approach and can be neatly separated in that case. They also have very different consequences for climate policy. We then argue that the question of social discounting is not confined to the utilitarian framework as it more generally describes the social value of income (or capability or welfare) transfers to future generations. Lastly, we discuss the many limitations of social discounting as a tool for policy analysis.
Pengaruh penggunaan media video animasi terhadap motivasi
Authors: Pratiwi Ira , Ridwan Mochamad
Published: December 2021

This study aims to determine how much-animated video media affects motivation to participate in learning physical education, sports, and health. The method used is a quasi-experimental method with a non-randomized control group pretest-posttest research design. The sample of this research is the students of class VII-C and VII-D SMP Negeri 20 Surabaya, totaling 51 students. The sample selection in this study was taken by using the probability sampling technique using random cluster sampling. The data collection process was carried out by giving a questionnaire through a google form distributed to the sample. The questionnaire contained the motivation to take part in learning physical education, sports, and health. The data analysis technique used the normality and homogeneity tests and the effect tests to determine the effect on the variables used. From the data processing results, it can be concluded that Ha is accepted, and the significant influence value is 38.3%. So it can be supposed that there is an effect of the use of animated video media on the motivation to take part in physical education, sports, and health.
Effects of Using Digital Devices on Food Consumption among University Students in Nepal
Authors: Joshi Dirgha Raj , Neupane Umesh , Singh Jitendra Kumar , Khanal Bishnu , Belbase Shashidhar
Published: December 2021

Food consuming behavior is a concern for good physiological, physical, psychological, and social health. An unbalanced eating habit may be related to several factors. The objective of the study was to investigate how the use of digital devices influences graduate students’ eating behavior. A cross-sectional study was conducted among 320 Masters of Philosophy (MPhil) scholars of Nepal Open University through an online survey. A Chi-square test and a binary logistic regression model were fitted to find the effect of digital devices on food consumption. There was a significant association between the duration of using a mobile phone, computer, and TV with the quantity of food consumed, preferred time of using a laptop with the quantity of food consumed, and the sitting position during the use of digital devices with the quantity of food consumed. The logistic regression model showed that individual’s sitting positions while using digital devices were significant predictors of food consumption at a 95% confidence level.
Exemplarspezifische Erschließung im Österreichischen Bibliothekenverbund
Authors: Alker-Windbichler Stefan , Bauer Karl-Heinz , Bruckner Wolfgang , Cerny Nadine , Kiegler-Griensteidl Monika , Labner Josef
Published: December 2021

Die Bedeutung der exemplarspezifischen Erschließung – also der Darstellung von besonderen Merkmalen und der Vorgeschichte eines bestimmten Buches im Katalog – ist in den vergangenen Jahren im Zusammenhang mit der Erforschung und Rekonstruktion alter und wertvoller Bestände, der NS-Provenienzforschung und der Digitalisierung gewachsen. Um gemeinsame Lösungen für die Erschließung, vor allem aber für die verbundweite Darstellung und Suchbarkeit von Exemplarspezifika zu finden, wurde eine Arbeitsgruppe der Zentralen Redaktion des Österreichischen Bibliothekenverbundes eingerichtet. Der Beitrag präsentiert die Ergebnisse der Arbeitsgruppe, die Arbeitsunterlagen für die Erschließung ebenso umfassen wie das Setup der Verbundsuchmaschine, das spezifische Suchen, exemplarspezifische Links und nicht zuletzt die provisorische Nutzung von Normdaten erlaubt.
Isolation and Identification of Phenolic Compounds from Dianthus orientalis Wildly Grown in Iraq.
Authors: Atiyah Khansaa Hussein , J Kadhum Enas
Published: December 2021

The plant Dianthus Orientalis that belongs to the Caryphyllaceae family is one of the useful plants in Iraq. Its seeds are commonly used for toothache. This project provides the first comprehensive research done in Iraq and the world to study the phytochemicals and the methods of extraction and isolation of active constituents from Dianthus orientalis wildly grown in Iraq. The plant was harvested from Penjwin in AL-Sulaymaniyah city, Iraq in September 2019.The whole plant were washed carefully, dried in shade area for two weeks, and milled in a mechanical grinder to a coarse powder. The plant was defatted by maceration with hexane for 7days and dried after that extracted by cold extraction methods using 80% methanol solvent for 9 days then fractionation with chloroform, ethyl acetate and n-butanol to separate the active constituents according to the change in polarities. The chloroform, ethyl acetate fractions were used for identification and isolation of phenolic compounds by TLC, PTLC, HPLC and LC/mass, FTIR. Results of the phytochemical screening exposed the presence of, phenols in the plant extract. The phenolic compound (vanillic acid, coumaric acid, cinnamic acid, genistein, oleuropein) were separated and purified by PTLC. The isolated compounds were subjected to several chemical, chromatographic and spectral analytical techniques for their identification such as TLC, HPLC, FTIR and LC/mass.
Occupational Toxicity and Health Hazards of the Healthcare Providers at Healthcare Facilities in Sulaimani City, Iraq
Authors: Aziz Tavga Ahmed , Hama Amin Renas Raouf , Ahmed Zheen Aorahman , Jalal Sleman Hazhan , Hassan Aziz Bahez
Published: December 2021

Objective: The present study aimed to evaluate the occupational health hazards that face health care providers in Sulaimani City.

Methods: A cross-sectional study conducted utilizing quantitative data collection methods. It involved 159 respondents including Physicians, Pharmacists, Medical assistants, Laboratory Instructors and Nurses who worked in 8 major health facilities in Sulaimani city, Kurdistan region, Iraq.

Results: Nurses were the most susceptible group to sharp related injuries 13.84%, cuts and wounds 10.69% than the others and they were more experiencing verbal abuse in the workplace 15%. Laboratory instructors represent the most exposed group to contaminated specimens/biohazards 17.6% and blood borne pathogens 13.84, while the physicians represent the most prone group to acquire infectious diseases 15.1% and both the physicians and the nurses were equally exposed to airborne diseases 11.32%. Furthermore, physicians were the most group that suffered from work related stress 13.8%; and medical assistants were the most susceptible to radiation 3.1%. Meanwhile, Laboratory instructors were the most exposed group to physical distress 15.1%, falls 5%, unsafe staffing 13.8%, chemical spills 8.8% and noise 5.4%.

Conclusion: Healthcare providers in these settings experienced various types of occupational hazards in their workplaces, which became a dominant issue among the health care providers. Interventions should be established to alleviate these hazards.
Study The Anti-Asthmatic Activity of Guggulsterone In Ovalbumin-Induced Asthma In Rat
Authors: Ahmed Zainab H. , H Zalzala Munaf
Published: December 2021

Asthma is a chronic in?ammatory respiratory disease associated with the changes of asthmatic airway structural that result from interact remodeling and in?ammatory processes lead to obstruction of airway. Guggulsterone (GS) is a bioactive compound and plant steroid present in  guggul gum of Commiphora wightii, which has anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activities. This study designed to investigate of anti-inflammatory activity of gugglsterone in improvement of asthma. Forty eight healthy albino male rats divided to six groups, Group I: Control group (distal water), Group II: Positive control group (distal water) with sensitization, Group III: Guggulsterone (25 mg/kg/day) with sensitization, Group IV: Guggulsterone (50 mg/kg/day) with sensitization, Group V: Prednisolone (4.12 mg/kg/day) with sensitization, Group VI: Guggulsterone (50mg/kg/day) without sensitization. Rats were sacrificed and blood samples were collected to prepare of serum samples that used in ELISA kits for measuring of IL-4, IL-5, IL-33, TNF 

IgE. In addition, WBC counts in Bronchoalveolar lavage fluid. ALL parameters (IL-4, IL-5, IL-33, TNF, & IgE) levels for rats of treated groups with gugglsterone were significant  (P<0.05) reduced in compared to sensitized group. Similarly, WBC count for rats treated groups with guggulsterone was significantly (P<0.05) fewer than sensitized group. In conclusion, our results provide a clue that guggulsterone has a potent anti-inflammatory activity that improved OVA-induced asthma and is useful for the preventive of allergic airway disease in rodents.
The problem of adaptivity of the street art into social and cultural environment of the city (Ukrainian context)
Authors: Zhyhailo M.
Published: December 2021

The purpose of the article is to carry out cultorologic comprehension of the adaptivity of the street art into social and cultural environment of the Ukrainian city and to define the directions of the city environment humanization.

The topicality of the article. The street art became the inherent part of the social and cultural environment of the city, the ground for artistic self­expression, visual ring for discussions, conflicts and a means for promotion and branding of the city. Despite the humanization of the city environment, the issue of adaptivity of the street art into social and cultural environment of the city remains still urgent and open.

The methodology is based on application of the hermeneutic interpretation (to define the notion of the “street art” at the modern stage of research), comparative analysis (with the purpose to detect the peculiarities of the process of the street art integration into the cultural landscape of the city environment), structural and functional method (to clarify the prospective adaptation directions of the urban art into the urban cultural environment), axiological approach (to define the role of the street art in the cultural and artificial development of the city). The central position in the research is allotted to culturological approach allowing to clarify the specific features of the street art adaptivity into social and cultural environment of the city, to reveal the peculiarities of the multicultural city environment formation.

The scientific novelty lies in theoretic comprehension of the process of the street art adaptivity into social and cultural environment of the city and detection of the priority ways of the urban art integration into the cultural matrix of the city.

The results. Variability of the street art interpretation in the context of the city environment was considered. The specifics of the street art existence at the modern stage of the research was defined. The prospective directions of the urban art integration into the cultural landscape of the city was traced: differentiation at the legislative level of the notions “street art” and “vandalism”, application of the urban art in design of the city environment and creation of the city brand, application of the information and communication technologies in creation of the artistic objects, tourist guides, etc.

The practical significance. The research results may be used in training the higher education applicants in the social and art fields of knowledge, for example, lecture materials of the disciplines aimed at the study of ХХІ century culture, mass culture, urban science, etc.
Collage as the basis of creative methodology of Sergey Paradzhanov
Authors: Tarasov V. , Markhaichuk N. , Koneva M.
Published: December 2021

In this article we have analyzed the artistic features of S. Paradzhanov’s art. We have investigated the interaction of Paradzhanov’s cinematic works with his collages. Analysis of creative work of S. Paradzhanov suggests that the master deliberately abandons a number of opportunities provided by the director of traditional cinematic language, manifesting such an “screen painting”. Analysis of films, artworks and screenplays by S. Paradzhanov allowed us to identify three main features of his collage tools: 1) work with color and visionary elements; 2) features of visual representation of texts; 3) textures and volumes of images in the frame. Collage techniques have a number of purely visual properties, which are reproduced in different ways in cinematic artistic background. It is likely that S. Paradzhanov, fully aware of this peculiarity, emphasized certain qualitative features of the collage technique, achieving the desired effect in the frame.

That is why, in our opinion, Paradzhanov’s collage could exist only within the framework of author’s cinema in the aesthetics of Soviet art. Postmodernist thinking came to Soviet art through author’s cinema, where S. Paradzhanov was one of the key figures.
Socio-cultural and political sources of ethnocultural split in Ukraine
Authors:   Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, S. Storozhuk
Published: December 2021

The article examines the socio-cultural and political sources of the modern ethnocultural division of Ukraine and shows that the historically formed cultural division of Ukrainian society due to geographical and political factors was significantly leveled in the Soviet assimilation policy, but was not completely overcome due to slight industrialization of Ukrainian villages and west. As a result, the Ukrainian population was divided into several separate strips, which contributed to the deepening of the cultural divide with other, industrially developed, but de-ethnicized Ukrainian regions. The lack of ethnic unity of Ukrainians and the active position of national minorities in regions with a large number of ethnically related groups, in the absence of a balanced national policy, have become the main causes of ethnocultural division in Ukraine. Overcoming the latter is possible in the process of gradual introduction of general civilizational principles of civil society and the formation of economic, social and spiritual conditions for the development of both the individual and the community. Only when the permanent economic crisis is overcome and science, education and culture broadcast by the national language are raised to the level of state values, without marginalizing the nation-building significance of the languages of interethnic communication, Ukrainian society will become a nation.
Legal English Difficulties and Ways to Overcome
Authors:   Sumy Secondary School №24, Shkurat O , Gartsunova L ,   Sumy Affiliation of Kharkiv National University of Internal Affairs
Published: December 2021

Abstract. This article is devoted to the study of legal English and its main characteristics. Legal language is the language used by legal professionals in their professional activity. That fact that historically legal English developed separately from the plain English made it difficult for understanding by laypeople. People find the traditional legal writing in such documents as jury instructions, security disclosures, credit card agreements, apartment leases, cell phone contract, promissory note etc. Even native English speakers often complain that they cannot fully understand the documents written to give them information. The understanding of legal English has been a problem for centuries. It was the cause why the plain English movement arose in the 1970s. The purpose of the movement was to simplify the legal writing, make it simple and clear for average people. This problem arises not only for those people whose native language is English. Nonnative speakers also struggle with the complexity of English legal writing. Ukrainian legal professionals that engaged in the area of international, business or corporate law, have to draft documents in English. Sometimes that could be a real problem because unlike English and American legal schools, the majority of ours don't provide the separate course of English legal writing. The purpose of this article is to give practical advice to Ukrainian lawyers and interpreters, how, taking into account the peculiarities of legal English discourse, to draft documents in clear, simple and understandable way. Results of research. A lot of English and American scientists, lawyers as well as linguists, devoted their studies to the plain English movement. Analysis of their works shows that four major factors had influenced on the development of legal English: historical, sociological, political and jurisprudential. Owing to them legal English is full of words of foreign origin, archaisms, argots and terms of art. These factors also caused the frequent usage of formal words, common usage of common words with uncommon meaning, deliberate ambiguity in legal writing. The studies of legal writing by lawyers have focused basically on vocabulary. Linguists in their researchers have identified some other features: overly complex sentences, passives, nominalizations, multiple negations, archaisms and jargon, inappropriate document design. Described ways of simplifying legal English are quite easy to use. Taking into account tips mentioned in the article, legal professionals will be able to draft documents that will be clear and understandable for general public.
Anthropomorphic Metaphor in the English Veterinary Terminology
Authors:   NULES of Ukraine, Syrotin O
Published: December 2021

Introduction. The article is devoted to the presentation of the results of the study of metaphorization and the study of metaphorical terms, widely represented in the English terminology of veterinary medicine. The purpose of the article is to represent the features of the anthropomorphic metaphorical name in the English terminology of veterinary medicine. Materials and methods of research. The study of metaphorization as a way of forming English veterinary terms was conducted by us on the basis of lexicographic data recorded in English terminological dictionaries of veterinary medicine. Results of the research. The analysis of lexicographic material allowed to identify four donor domains that served as a source of metaphorical names in the terminology of veterinary medicine: HUMAN, LIVING ORGANISM, NATURAL FACT, ARTIFACT. Conceptual analysis of metaphorical terms of veterinary medicine revealed that one of the most productive metaphors used in the creation of terminological units is anthropomorphic. In anthropomorphic metaphorization, the names are transferred from the donor domain HUMAN to the recipient domain VETERINARY. The article attempts to consider the cognitive basis of anthropomorphic metaphor as one of the mechanisms of creation of veterinary terms in English. Based on the theory of conceptual metaphor, it was found that the sources of anthropomorphic metaphor are the biological characteristics of people, the names of body parts and properties of a living organism. Semantic groups of metaphorical terms formed on the basis of cognitive transfer of tokens related to the structure of the human body, its behavior, inherent qualities, life and way of life in the field of veterinary medicine based on external or functional similarity between donor and recipient domains are considered. Сonclusions. Thus, the study allows us to conclude that the terms-metaphors occupy a certain niche in the terminology of veterinary medicine in English and ensure their effective functioning in the language of veterinarians. Conceptual analysis of metaphorical terms of veterinary medicine revealed that one of the most productive is anthropomorphic metaphor. As a result of anthropomorphic metaphorization, new terms of veterinary medicine are formed on the basis of cognitive transfer of tokens that relate to the social characteristics of a person that determine his appearance, behavior or condition, in the field of veterinary medicine on the basis of external or functional similarity between donor and recipient domains.
Mykhailo Hrushevskyi in the History of Ukrainian Journalism
Authors:   NULES of Ukraine, Chumak T
Published: December 2021

Abstract. Mykhailo Sergiiovych Hrushevskyi, an outstanding scientist, a man of broad erudition, extraordinary diligence, takes one of the honorary places in the history of Ukrainian science and culture of the late 19th – first third of 20th century. Possessing encyclopedic scientific knowledge, the ability to comprehensively analyze and reproduce historical processes in an artistic form, he clearly manifested himself in many fields of knowledge: history, archeography, literary studies, folklore, and others. But first of all, Mykhailo Hrushevskyi is a prominent historian and patriot of his people, who created the first most complete, generalizing study of the history of Ukraine from ancient times to the second half of the 17th century. The scientific concept of Mykhailo Hrushevskyi is based on the organic unity of high professionalism of materials presentation, deep knowledge of literature and sources, and originality of their interpretation. As a politician, he worked his way from the founder of the National Democratic Party of Galicia and the Society of Ukrainian Progressives in Kyiv to the creator of the foundations of an independent Ukrainian state. He was Chairman of the Central Rada, and later recognized the Soviet regime in Ukraine and expressed readiness to serve it. His views were changing; socio-political concepts and philosophical perceptions of life were evolving but love for his people and for the historical truth for him have always been the highest standard in scientific creativity and political activity. Mykhailo Hrushevskyi was the son of his time. As well as many other prominent figures of Ukraine, he presented the tragic historical fate of the Ukrainian lands dismembered by political borders, which were deprived of their own statehood, in his works. As a scientist and politician, Mykhailo Hrushevskyi was deeply saddened by the fate of his people. Mykhailo Hrushevskyi, prominent Ukrainian historian, politician, writer, publicist, editor, publisher, also made a significant contribution to the development of the native journalism. Work and studying of the bibliographic sources, important periods in the creative life and work of Mykhailo Hrushevskyi allowed to identify the main periodicals that he edited and published or acted as a leading publicist (reviewer, reader, literary critic, author of iconic and travel essays, notes, articles, etc.). The article enlights the organizational talent in the field of publishing and editorial skills in the newspaper and magazine area of Mykhailo Hrushevskyi in the late 19th – early 20th centuries. The purpose of this article is to trace the main milestones of the journalistic activity of the scientist and politician, to find out the essential issues reflected by Mykhailo Hrushevskyi in the pages of newspapers and magazines.
THE TRANSPORT LAYER OF THE ISO/OSI MODEL IN COM­PUTER NETWORKS
Authors: Yuliia KOSTIUK , Yaroslav SHESTAK
Published: December 2021

Background. The transport layer is designed to deliver data without errors, losses and duplication in the order in which they were transmitted. It provides data transfer between two applications with the required level of reliability. Transport layer protocols, which guarantee reliable data delivery, establish a virtual connection before data exchange and resend segments in case of loss or damage. The aim of the study was to determine the role of transport security protocols in computer networks. Materials and methods. To achieve the goal, the study used statistical analysis and a systematic approach. Results. TCP provides reliable message transmission through the formation of logical connections, while allowing peers on the sending computer and the receiving computer to support data exchange in duplex mode. It also has the ability to seamlessly send a byte stream generated on one of the computers to any other computer connected to the network.In addition, TCP controls the connection load, UDP does not control anything but the integrity of the received datagrams. Conclusion. The difference between TCP and UDP is the so-called "delivery guarantee". TCP requires a response from the client to whom the data packet is delivered, confirmation of delivery, and for this he needs a pre-established connection. TCP is also considered reliable, unlike UDP, which is called "unreliable datagram protocol". TCP eliminates data loss, duplication and shuffling of packets, delays, UDP allows all this, and it does not need a connection to work., as a result of which the data is transferred on UDP, should manage received, even with losses.
PET PRODUCTS: RANGE AND CLASSIFICATION CRITERIA
Authors: Olena SIMIACHKO , Nina KALUGA
Published: December 2021

Background. The market of goods for pets in Ukraine is promising and is characterized by rapid growth.The pet goods assortment is very wide and includes different subgroups. However, there is no works on the classification of the assortment of pet goods, except for food for them. The aim of the article is developing a classification of pet goods on base of the analysis of assortment. Materials and methods. General scientific methods of cognition: analysis, comparison and generalization were used during the research. Information base of the research: the range of products for animals presented in online stores. Results. According to the results of the analysis of the range of goods for animals in specialized and universal online stores, 9 types of goods for the transportation of pets have been identified.Goods for the transportation of pets can be classified according to the method of transportation and type of transport, type of goods, material from which it is made, size of the product, design features and other characteristics. The main classification features of goods for the arrangement of places of pet residence were determined: the type of goods, the type of animals for which it is intended, the material from which the product is made, the size. Additional classification features include design, equipment, the possibility of transformation, the presence of additional functions. The main classification features of goods for pet food were defined: purpose, type of animals, the material from which the product is made, type of product, size. Toilets fillers for pets can be classified by type of animals, type (material) of filler, functions (principle of action) of filler, size of fractions, the presence of flavor. The assortment of tools for dog and cat grooming includes different devices and acessories, which can be classified according to different characteristics depending on the type of product. The goods related to ammunition for dogs and cats can be classified by type of product, breed and/or size of the animal, the material from which the products are made, size, and other characteristics depending on the features of the type of product. Conclusion. The classification of goods for transportation, arrangement of accommodation and food, ammunition and toys for pets, which were developed in the work, indicates that their assortment is complex and can be classified on at least 5 signs.
FOAMING PROPERTIES OF MODEL SYSTEMS BASED ON WHEY
Authors: Viktoriia GNITSEVYCH , Olena VASYLIEVA
Published: December 2021

Background. One of the opportunities to expand the range and increase the share of desserts with a foamstructure is the use of multifunctional semi-finished products, the basis for which can be used protein-carbohydrate raw milk, in particular based on whey. Technologies for more than 100 names of products and semi-finished products using whey, the most of which have a liquid or condensed structure, have been developed.Studies on the possibility of developing dry semi-finished products are isolated. The aim of the articleis to study the functional and technological properties, in particular the foaming ability and stability of the semi-finished foam for whipped dessert products, depending on the ratio of its main prescription components. Materials and methods. For the study the whey dairy dry whey (WDDW) according to DSTU 33958–2016, dry cranberry extract (CE) TM Health Linkwere used. The foaming properties of the samples, namely the foaming ability (FA) and the stability of the foam (SF) were determined by the Lurie method. Results. The obtained solutions of reduced WDDW with different protein content showed certain foaming properties. The maximum manifestation was determined by the protein content of 5.8–6.5 % and temperature 5 ºC. The maximum value of foaming ability (FA) and foam stability (FS) model systems acquire the content of CE 13–18 %, which corresponds to pH 4.9–4.4. It is proved that with increasing sugar content in the range of 5–15 % FA increases by 20–25 %, the stability of the foam is almost unchanged.So, it is envisaged to use guar gum in the amount of 1 % by weight of the main components as a stabilizer. The maximum value of the FA system acquires at the beating speed (180–240) · 60s¹. Conclusion. The maximum foaming properties are shown by the semi-finished product for whipped dairy desserts, which contains: reduced WDDW with a protein content of 5.8–6.5 %, the cranberry extract 13–18 %, sugar 5–15 %. Technological parameters, according to which the maximum manifestation of foaming properties is observed, are the temperature of 5ºСand the beating speed (180–240) · 60 s¹.
ECONOMIC POTENTIAL OF THE TRADE ENTERPRISE: STRUCTURAL ASPECT
Authors: Anna LOI , Hanna BLAKYTA
Published: December 2021

The main approaches to the classification of influencing factors of the enterprise are studied in this article. The most important types of factors that affect the activities of the enterprise are identified. The existing approaches are fully systematized. The authors offer their vision of the environment of interrelation of the main influencing factors on the economic potential.
OMNICHANNEL IN IMPROVED PROFITABILITY IN RETAIL
Authors: Iryna VYSOCHYN , Ahata KHMARA
Published: December 2021

The relationship between omnichannel and the profitability of the trading business is substantiated. The expediency of using the omnichannel approach in retail has been proved in view of the current realities caused by the COVID-19 pandemic. Metrics of effi­ciency of application of the omnichannel approach are given.
DIGITAL FUNCTIONALITY OF COMPLEMENTATION OF BUSINESS PROCESSES OF THE HOTEL INDUSTRY
Authors: Yevheniia STOPCHENKO , Margaryta BOIKO , Mariia KULYK
Published: December 2021

It has been determined that intensive digitalization of service processes is a condition for the effective functioning of the hotel industry under the influence of the COVID-19 pan­demic. One of its important directions, namely the use of a process approach to management, has been specified. The article proves that the improvement of business processes on the basis of their complementation and defining its digital functionality will enable to improve the quantitative and qualitative performance, will help to increase competitiveness and to maintain market share.
BANKING DIGITALIZATION DURING THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC
Authors: Olena ERKES , Oksana KALYTA , Tetiana GORDIIENKO
Published: December 2021

This article studies the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the processes of inno­vative development and digital transformation of the banking sector. The authors analyze the COVID-19 pandemic as a factor in accelerating the introduction of innovative digital banking technologies. The key changes that took place in the banking sector under the influence of the coronavirus pandemic were considered, which allowed to identify main vectors of digitalization of banking processes in Ukraine and to develop criteria for classifying banks according to their digital development.
DIGITAL TRANSFORMATION OF HIGHER EDUCATIONALESTABLISHMENTS OF UKRAINE
Authors: Oleh KALINICHENKO
Published: December 2021

The dynamics of digital transformation of the world economy is described. Current status of innovative activity and factors that reducedigital transformation in Ukraine are considered. The necessity of digital transformation of of Higher Education Establishments (HEEs) for strengthening of innovative development of country is given. Key trends in whichdigital transformation of higher education of Ukraine must beoffered.
INNOVATIVE ACTIVITY IN THE SYSTEM OF FOREIGN ECONOMIC SECURITY OF THE COUNTRY
Authors: Viktoriia LAPTIEVA , Iryna VAVDIICHYK , Oleksandr LAPTIEV
Published: December 2021

Background. One of the main indicators of the country's economic development is its trade balance, in particular the total size and value of products that the country can adequately represent in foreign markets, ensuring reliable cash flow, balanced development of economic sectors, and, consequently, growing greatness and prosperity. In modern conditions, ensuring such a global export expansion of Ukrainian products to foreign markets, in particular European ones, is impossible without proper innovation of producers and exporters, as well as sufficient investment in planned innovation projects, which requires in-depth economic analysis and strategy in this direction. Using the latest scientific inventions and research. The aim of the article is to study and analyze the current state of Ukrainian exports to world and European markets and substantiate the possibility of differentiation of export flows in order to evenly distribute the share of exports between all industries, including engineering and high technology, etc. and move away from raw materials Materials and methods. The theoretical and methodological basis of the article is the scientific works of Ukrainian and foreign scientists on the problems of innovation development. Results. As we can see from the researched data, during the last decade there is a tendency of prevalence in the general structure of the country's exports of ferrous metallurgy and mining, which is primarily due to the strong potential of these industries inherited from Soviet times, as well as agro-industrial products. in particular, cereals and oils, which is explained by the tradition of these industries for the economy of Ukraine, and established under the Association Agreement tariff quotas for Ukrainian agricultural products in the markets of the European Union. Revolutionary tasks have been set to reduce the share in the structure of exports of these types of goods first to the critical limit of 10%, and then to the target of 5%, while maintaining and even increasing the absolute monetary value of exports of these goods, which is possible only if increasing exports by other product groups, identifying priority areas among such products while legislative incentives and creating a regulatory environment to strengthen the ability of domestic enterprises to compete in world markets, especially in the face of growing protectionism in response to the challenges of the pandemic. Conclusion. Summing up, we can conclude that Ukraine has created all the prerequisites for the implementation and implementation of all short-term and strategic plans for the domestic economy and a worthy place among participants in both European and global markets, subject to improving the scientific and educational system of industrial development, wider implementation of innovation processes, as well as the implementation of plans to diversify export flows.