bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Nicotinamide Mononucleotide Prevents Cisplatin-Induced Mitochondrial Defects in Cortical Neurons Derived from Human Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells
Authors: Rashid Mohammad Abdur , Oliveros Alfredo , Kim Yu Shin , Jang Mi-Hyeon
Published: November 2022

Background: Chemotherapy-induced cognitive impairment (CICI) is a neurotoxic side effect of chemotherapy that has yet to have an effective treatment. Objective: Using cisplatin, a platinum-based chemotherapy together with excitatory cortical neurons derived from human induced pluripotent cells (iPSCs) to model of CICI, our recent study demonstrated that dysregulation of brain NAD+ metabolism contributes to cisplatin-induced impairments in neurogenesis and cognitive function, which was prevented by administration of the NAD+ precursor, nicotinamide mononucleotide (NMN). However, it remains unclear how cisplatin causes neurogenic dysfunction and the mechanism by which NMN prevents cisplatin-induced cognitive impairment. Given that mitochondrial dysfunction is thought to play a prominent role in age-related neurodegenerative disease and chemotherapy-induced neurotoxicity, we sought to explore if NMN prevents chemotherapy-related neurotoxicity by attenuating cisplatin-induced mitochondrial damage. Results: We demonstrate that cisplatin induces neuronal DNA damage, increases generation of mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (ROS) and decreases ATP production, all of which are indicative of oxidative DNA damage and mitochondrial functional defects. Ultrastructural analysis revealed that cisplatin caused loss of cristae membrane integrity and matrix swelling in human cortical neurons. Notably, pretreatment with NMN prevents cisplatin-induced defects in mitochondria of human cortical neurons. Conclusion: Our results suggest that increased mitochondrial oxidative stress and functional defects play key roles in cisplatin-induced neurotoxicity. Thus, NMN may be an effective therapeutic strategy to prevent cisplatin-induced deleterious effects on mitochondria, making this organelle a key factor in amelioration of cisplatin-induced cognitive impairments.
Issues, challenges and opportunities in the digitalization of rural markets
Authors: Khan Sania
Published: November 2022

BACKGROUND: Digitalization widely connected the MNCs and urban consumers. Though not much efforts were made to reach the rural markets, the Indian government must recognize the problems and challenges to digitally connect such rural consumers. OBJECTIVE: This study aims to highlight the problems and challenges that the Indian rural markets are currently undergoing through digital transformation and also discusses the possible avenues for rural development and growth of the national economy. METHODS: This paper studies the extant literature on the Indian rural market and understands its potential resources for which the Indian government is leveraging efforts for the national wide digitalization. The study conducted focused group discussion (FGD) with 23 industrial digital marketing experts who are working in rural areas. RESULTS: The findings illustrated literacy rate, resources non-availability, obsolete traditions and culture, unemployment, low income, crime and violence as problems; communication barriers, lack of government coordination, inadequate media coverage, lack of infrastructure, varying purchasing decisions as challenges; easiness through ICT, penetrating into export-import markets, expanding consumer markets, increase in employment as exciting opportunities. CONCLUSIONS: This research highlights the most potential barriers of rural markets and suggests a steady approach of digitalization to bring the rural consumers closer to the entrepreneurs.
Wisconsin Healthcare Utilization Cost Among American Indians/Alaska Natives with and without Alzheimer’s Disease and Related Dementias
Authors: Johnson Adrienne L. , Seep Elaina , Norton Derek L. , Mundt Marlon P. , Wyman Mary F. , James Taryn T. , Zuelsdorff Megan , Lambrou Nickolas H. , McLester-Davis Lauren W.Y. , Umucu Emre , Gleason Carey E.
Published: November 2022

Individuals with Alzheimer’s disease and related dementias (ADRD) accrue higher healthcare utilization costs than peers without ADRD, but incremental costs of ADRD among American Indians/Alaska Natives (AI/AN) is unknown. State-wide paid electronic health record data were retrospectively analyzed using percentile-based bootstrapped 95% confidence intervals of the weighted mean difference of total 5-year billed costs to compare total accrued for non-Tribal and Indian Health Service utilization costs among Medicaid and state program eligible AI/AN, ≥40 years, based on the presence/absence of ADRD (matching by demographic and medical factors). AI/AN individuals with ADRD accrued double the costs compared to those without ADRD, costing an additional $880.45 million to $1.91 billion/year.
The role and mechanism of the zinc finger gene ZNF580 in foam cell formation
Authors: Zhang Zhongbai , Qin Xueting , Chen Jingxun , Li Yanchun , Chen Huaxin , Xie Hongwei , Yang Min , Li Chuang , Wang Zhenghui , Zhang Mei
Published: November 2022

Coronary atherosclerotic heart disease is an important threat to human health. The pathological basis is atherosclerosis, and foam cell formation is the key link in the initiation of atherosclerosis. Here, foam cell models were established using 50 ng/ml oxidized low-density lipoprotein (ox-LDL) to stimulate in vitro cultures of THP-1 cells for 72 h. The expression of ZNF580, a Cys2–His2 (C2H2) zinc finger protein containing 172 amino acids that was originally cloned by screening a human aortic cDNA library, was measured in foam cells, and its interaction with various regulatory factors during foam cell formation was investigated. Oil red O (ORO) staining was used to observe cell morphology and intracellular lipid levels. Lentivirus transfection was used to induce high ZNF580 expression (Ad-ZNF580) and low ZNF580 expression (Si-ZNF580) in THP-1 cells, and a fluorescent inverted microscope was used to observe the distribution of ZNF580 immunofluorescence to deduce the transfection rate. RNA and total protein were extracted, and the expression levels of ZNF580, cluster of differentiation 36 (CD36), peroxisome proliferator activated receptor-γ (PPAR-γ), ATP-binding cassette transporter A1 (ABCA1) and apolipoprotein E (ApoE) were measured by real-time quantitative PCR. The protein levels were examined by western blotting to evaluate the interaction between ZNF580 and associated regulatory factors. ZNF580 can significantly increase the expression levels of ApoE and ABCA1 and significantly decrease the expression levels of CD36 and PPAR-γ, suggesting that ZNF580-mediated inhibition of foam cell formation is associated with the PPAR-γ-CD36 signalling pathway. Based on these findings, ZNF580 might be a potential therapeutic candidate for the treatment of coronary atherosclerotic heart disease.
Representations of ordered semigroups and their interconnection
Authors: Lekkoksung Somsak , Iampan Aiyared , Julatha Pongpun , Lekkoksung Nareupanat
Published: November 2022

It is known that any ordered semigroup embeds into the structure consisting of the set of all fuzzy sets together with an associative binary operation and a partial order with compatibility. In this study, we provide two classes of ordered semigroups in which any model in these classes is a representation of any ordered semigroup. Moreover, we give an interconnection of a class we constructed.
Psychosocial and medical factors associated with intrathecal baclofen pump explants: A case series
Authors: Reyes Fabiola I. , Herge Whitney M. , Cerza Shelby L. , Savedra Allen , Thompson Catherine E.
Published: November 2022

PURPOSE: The goal of this retrospective chart review study was to explore factors that contributed to consideration of or actual pump explantation in pediatric patients with intrathecal baclofen (ITB) pumps. METHODS: Medical records of 30 patients with ITB pumps were reviewed. Quantitative data, including demographic, clinical, psychosocial, and service utilization variables were culled from the records. Qualitative data were collected from clinic visit notes, pump-related follow-up phone calls, and any pump-related emergency room visits. RESULTS: Of those reviewed, six underwent ITB pump explantation, and two considered explantation. Factors contributing to pump explantation or consideration of explantation included the following: postoperative infection, pump malfunction, non-adherence, anxiety/behavioral factors impacting the patient’s tolerance of the pump, distance to the medical provider, frequency of required pump refill appointments, lack or perceived lack of intrathecal baclofen effect, and difficulty transitioning to adult care providers. CONCLUSION: Due to the complex care regimen associated with ITB pumps and various psychosocial and logistical factors that impact treatment success, a standardized multidisciplinary pre-implantation education, screening, and assessment process should be developed. Such a process would ensure that patients/families receive appropriate education, including proactively identifying treatment barriers and potential complications, possibly minimizing dissatisfaction with treatment and the need for explantation.
INNOVATIVE APPROACHES TO THE ORGANIZATION OF BUSINESS PROCESSES OF TRANSPORT ENTERPRISES IN THE CONTEX OF THE EUROPEAN INTEGRATION
Authors:   Academician Y. Bugay International Scientific and Technical University, Karpenko Oksana O. , Palyvoda Olena M. ,   National Aviation University, Belianska Yuliia V. ,   State University of Infrastructure and Technologies, Osypova Yevheniia L. ,   State University of Infrastructure and Technologies
Published: November 2022

The simultaneous development of the European integration processes and military actions in Ukraine requires the justification of innovative approaches to the organization of business processes of transport companies to ensure their competitiveness in difficult conditions. The article substantiates directions and methods of innovative reorganization of business processes of a transport enterprise, taking into account external factors and regional characteristics. The article uses the methods of regression modeling to determine the degree of influence of environmental factors on the activities of enterprises, as well as the methodology of the European Cluster Observatory regarding the feasibility of creating clusters. It was established that the most influential factors of the external environment are the industrial production index (1.818) and the innovation index (0.639). To ensure the effective functioning of transport enterprises under the influence of these external factors, the feasibility of reorganizing their business processes by forming clusters with a logistics outsourcing platform is proposed and substantiated. The article carried out a quantitative assessment of the regions of Ukraine and established that it is most expedient to form transport and logistics clusters in Dnipropetrovsk (specialization index – 1.131), Odesa (specialization index – 1.244) regions and the city of Kyiv (specialization index – 1.810). The article highlights the joint business processes of transport enterprises, on the basis of which it is most effective to design a logistics platform as an integrated system of interaction of participants in the logistics chain according to B2B, B2C, B2G schemes. Common business processes include such groups as informational, economic, technological, financial, marketing, intellectual, managerial, and innovative. The structural components of the logistics and outsourcing platform have been presented. They are logistics and outsourcing companies, information and analytical centers and functional services. The organizational and management mechanism of joint business processes of transport enterprises for the logistics platform has been developed.
THE PRINCIPLE OF COGNITIVE HIERARCHY IN MAKING INDIVIDUAL AND COLLECTIVE DECISIONS
Authors:   National Technical University of Ukraine “Igor Sikorsky Kyiv Polytechnic Institute”, Mazhara Glib A.
Published: November 2022

The purpose of this study was to analyze the methods of k-levels and cognitive hierarchy, their approbation and application to solve various problems of an individual and collective nature with the help of an applied experiment. The task was to conduct the analysis several times and in different time frames, in several iterations. Effects such as cooperation and additional information were additionally investigated since in addition to individual decision-making under conditions of asymmetric information, a second attempt was also offered, after everyone heard the winners and heard the results of the first attempt, i.e., the information was symmetrical and available to everyone. At the third attempt, it was suggested to join any groups and make collective decisions. The experiment was conducted on the basis of differently formed groups. Students of specialized fields of education of various years of study, and scientific and pedagogical workers with professional education (candidates and doctors of economic, technical, physical and mathematical sciences) were selected. Two models for k-levels, k-LR and cognitive hierarchy (CH), were chosen and built for the study. Although the models are similar, they have some differences. The goal was to compare the indicators of the models with those that will be obtained in practice, and to prove or disprove the relevance of their use in decision-making evaluation. An experiment was conducted, data were collected, and their analysis was carried out by calculating and comparing experimental and model data. As a result, it was established that the experimental results were close to the CH model and not to the k-LR model. Factors such as awareness and cooperation increased the number of higher (deeper) level players at the expense of lower-level players. Changes due to awareness or cooperation occurred, but were not significant, and only brought the experimental results closer to the point of convergence with the model ones, which once again emphasized the possibility of using this model in different circumstances. Under circumstances such as information or cooperation, no optimal solution (saddle point) was found under pure strategies, according to Nash and Pareto. This finding is especially promising for the future economic analysis since it proves that even with an obvious solution to the model, it cannot always be solved according to “classical” theories and equilibrium, and people’s behavior is described by more complex cognitive processes in decisionmaking and operations research.
THE ROLE OF DIGITAL MARKETING IN THE MANAGEMENT OF LIBRARY INFORMATION RESOURCES
Authors:   Baku State University, Ismayilov Nadir , Khalafova Sevda ,   Baku State University
Published: November 2022

The development dynamics of the digital marketing system in the management of the information resources of libraries in the digital environment, which is widely explained in the article, reflects the main characteristics of modern libraries. Modern librarians should create ample opportunities for readers, whose demand is increasing and expanding day by day, to quickly receive unique and fresh information through the digital catalogue, allowing to enter the global information space and use the universal intellectual potential. From this point of view, the important documents that have started a new stage in the development of library work in Azerbaijan, the organization of work with digital resources in libraries, are Decree of the President of the Republic of Azerbaijan “On improving the activities of libraries in Azerbaijan” (April 20, 2007) and “The State Program for the development of the library and information field in the Republic of Azerbaijan in 2008-2013” (October 6, 2008). Decree of the President of the Republic of Azerbaijan “On some measures related to the improvement of management in the field of digitization, innovation, high technologies and communication in the Republic of Azerbaijan” (October 11, 2021) confirms the recognition by the Azerbaijani state of the construction of libraries as a priority area. In the article, the concept of information resources was analysed in the context of the library, and the place and role of digital marketing in this field was systematically studied. The study canvassed the concept of digital marketing of library, information and knowledge products and services among librarians in selected academic libraries in Azerbaijan. The authors explored the existence of the digital marketing concept in selected academic libraries, as well as the benefits derived from digital marketing of library, information and information products and services. Based on the results of the survey, it was concluded that certain information products and services can be priced, and that the centuries-old practice of providing all kinds of library, information and intellectual services free of charge should be reconsidered.
THE PECULIARITIES OF POVERTY RESEARCH IN THE COUNTRIES OF THE WORLD
Authors:   Alfred Nobel University, Kliuchnyk Ruslan , Lymonova Elvina ,   Alfred Nobel University
Published: November 2022

The article attempts to generalize some features of the study of poverty in the modern world. The use of various indicators that demonstrate the level of poverty has been shown. It has been explained that GDP per capita is one of the most accurate ways of assessing the economic development of the state. It has been demonstrated that all the poorest countries are located on the African continent. Almost all of them used to be colonies of European empires, and now they face political instability, civil wars, natural disasters, etc. These problems have been considered on the examples of Niger and Egypt. Another indicator of poverty is the percentage of people living below the poverty line. The difficulty of using this indicator is that national poverty lines in different countries can differ significantly. According to this indicator, 8 African and 2 Latin American countries (Guatemala and Haiti) are in the top ten. The Global Hunger Index (GHI) has been considered, according to which African countries and Syria are among the top ten starving countries. It should be noted that for some countries there is very little data on the number and share of the hungry. When studying the situation in some countries (North Korea, Turkmenistan, Somalia, etc.), it should be borne in mind that the governments of these countries do not always publish real official statistics, and those data that get into the mass media are not always true. It has been proven that the Human Development Index (HDI) is an integrated indicator that can be used to study the problem of poverty. It has been shown that 10 countries with the lowest HDI are located in Africa. Their place in this ranking is influenced not only by material factors, but also by the average life expectancy and education. Africa is still a continent with a large number of illiterate people. The Corruption Perceptions Index is also important for the study of poverty, because corruption slows down reforms and harms transparent market relations. Therefore, it becomes one of the factors of poverty. Using the statistics provided by Transparency International, we have found out that the most corrupt countries are more evenly distributed around the globe, among them are not only African ones, but also Asian and Latin American states. It can be summarized that the nature of poverty is different in the developed and developing countries. In the developing countries, natural conditions, peculiarities of the organization of socioeconomic life, the political system and even the personality of political leaders are important. In the developed countries, poverty is mostly a consequence of individual psychological characteristics, behaviour, specific life circumstances, etc. In these countries, poverty can be easily overcome.
The influence of freezing methods on the quality of grain bread
Authors:   Voronezh State University of Engineering Technologies, Alekhina N. N.
Published: November 2022

This article presents the results of studies of the effect of freezing methods on changes in the structural and mechanical properties of the crumb, the content of bound moisture, microbiological parameters during the storage of bread and the composition of flavor-forming substances in products from bioactivated wheat grain. The structural and mechanical properties of the bread crumb were determined by using a rheometric information-measuring complex, the number of mesophilic aerobic and facultative anaerobic microorganisms – according to GOST 10444.15–94, the presence of mold, yeast – according to GOST 10444.12–2013, bound moisture – on a refractometer by changing the concentration of sucrose when mixed with the product, the aroma of bread – on the «MAG-8» odor analyzer (manufactured in Russia) with the «electronic nose» methodology by using 8 sensors based on piezo-quartz resonators of the OAV type with a base oscillation frequency of 10.0 MHz with different film sorbents on the electrodes. It was revealed that grain bread obtained on the basis of frozen baked products had the best rheological properties of the crumb (closest to the sample without freezing) and prepared from frozen dough, was characterized by the highest values of bound moisture content and less microbiological contamination. Bread prepared on the basis of semifinished products of an increased degree of readiness was characterized by the greatest intensity of flavor from the prototypes.
Retrospective of VNIIZ scientific research on grain protection
Authors:   All-Russian Scientific and Research Institute for Grain and Products of its Processing – Branch of V. M. Gorbatov Federal Research Center for Food Systems of RAS, Zakladnoy G.A.
Published: November 2022

Scientific projects are described, according to which for more than 90 years researches have been carried out in our country related to the protection of grain from pests.
A method for modifying the design of a bread machine based on principles of forced convection
Authors:   Federal State Military Educational Institution of Higher Education «Military Academy of Logistics named after General of the Army A. V. Khruleva», Volkov I.E.
Published: November 2022

The problem of producing environmentally friendly and harmless food products requires not only high-quality raw materials, but also the modification of technological equipment for baking. The main direction of the modification is to reduce the loss of nutritional value of the feedstock in the production of bread, resource saving and environmental friendliness. The implementation of these directions when modifying the design of bread machines is possible based on the application of the principles of desegregation and forced convection. In order to ensure the required parameters of the technological process for the production of bread from whipped yeast-free dough in a modified design of the apparatus, onstructive solutions for improving the baking chamber are proposed. The obtained density indicators of specific isobaric heat capacity, thermal conductivity and dynamic viscosity with an infrared heating system for a dough piece made from whipped yeast-free dough make it possible to determine and correct the characteristics of technical devicesincluding the design of the apparatus. The results of experimental studies of the proposed designs of devices for the production of whipped yeast-free dough and bread baking allow us to conclude that the proposed technical solution provides a reduction in baking time by 27–32 %, heat loss by 23–25 %, energy resources by 17–19 %, material consumption by 20–25 %. The proposed design changes ensure the production of environmentally friendly bakery products through the use of physical principles that do not destroy the molecular structure of the feedstock.
Reporte de Mercados Financieros - segundo trimestre de 2021
Authors: Vargas Hernando , Cardozo Pamela , Rojas Juan Sebastián , Quicazán Carlos Andrés , Ariza Sara , Barreto Ittza Alejandra , León Laura Viviana , Martínez Diego Alejandro , Mateus Julián Camilo , Orozco Camilo Andrés , Ruiz Cristhian Hernando , Torres Nicolás Fernando , Alonso Sergio Julián , Rodríguez Natalia
Published: November 2022

El Banco de la República genera información para la toma de decisiones, la rendición de cuentas y la difusión al público. En particular, el Reporte de Mercados Financieros está enmarcado dentro del principio de difusión al público y contribuye a cumplir con el servicio que presta el Banco de ofrecer información e investigación económica de calidad.
II Congreso Internacional de Ciencias Agrícolas y Turísticas
Authors: Lucero Lima Gustavo Armando , Caicedo Rosero Diego Marcelo
Published: November 2022

El II Congreso de Agricultura y Turismo se convierte en el espacio donde se presentan los trabajos investigativos y fruto de ellos, la implementación de procesos que fortalecen la actividad turística y que, como consecuencia, permite un mayor flujo turístico hacia los destinos. Es imperante conocer estos avances y el congreso fue el espacio propicio para ello, por tanto, el libro recoge las memorias del evento científico. Este fue sometido a una revisión por parte de un comité científico externo que avala su rigurosidad.
Effects of different types of surfactant treatments on the electromechanical properties of multiwalled carbon nanotubes decorated electrospun nanofibers
Authors: ŞANLI Abdulkadir , CİNFER Şule Pınar , YORUÇ HAZAR Afife Binnaz
Published: November 2022

Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) have a strong tendency to form agglomeration due to van der Waals interactions, which hinders their practical utilization. Therefore, an effective and stable dispersion of CNTs in a surfactant based solvent is very important for the realization of CNTs based nanocomposites in various applications. In this paper, influence of different types of surfactant on the electromechanical properties of multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) decprated electrospun thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) nanofibers were investigated by UV-VIS spectroscopy, zeta potential, FT-IR analysis, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and uniaxial tensile strain sensing. Obtained results suggest that type of surfactant has not only effecting the dispersion level of CNTs but also has a significant influence on the electromechanical properties of CNTs decorated elecrospun CNTs/TPU nanofibers. The results of the present study provide new insights into the design and tailoring the electromechanical properties of CNTs decorated electrospun nanofibers.
The spread of dogs’ otitis in Odesa city
Authors: Iovenko A. V. , Yurchenko M. Ye. , Koval H. M.
Published: November 2022

Inflammation of the external ear in dogs is a widespread pathology in 20 % of sick animals that come to veterinary medicine clinics. The purpose of the work was to monitor the spread of otitis in dogs for 2021 in Odesa. To solve this goal, several tasks were set: to study the spread of otitis among dogs by breed, age, and sex; to study the spread of Malassezia otitis among dogs; to determine the seasonality of otitis in dogs. The data from the journal of registration of sick animals of the veterinary clinic of Odessa (VetKOiN) served as the material. Data concerning sick animals from the logbook were entered into tables, and statistical analysis was carried out. Dogs of Pugs and Mestizo made up the most significant number of sick animals with otitis (10.4 % each); the French Bulldog breed accounts for 9.1 %, the Pekinese and Labrador breeds – 6.5 % each, the Clamber Spaniel breed – 5.2 %. Such dog breeds as Jack Russell Terrier, Chihuahua, Spitz, German Shepherd, and Cane Corso account for 3.9 %; Bull Terrier, East European Shepherd, and Retriever – 2.6 % each; Grünendal, Husky, Samoyed, Kangal, Dachshund, Scottish Shepherd, Shar-Pei, Bolonka, Beagle, American Cocker Spaniel, Shih-Tzu, Laika, Fox Terrier, Staffordshire Terrier, Pit Bull Terrier, American Bully, Breton, Bernese Mountain Dog, English Bulldog breeds – 1.3 % each. Animals between the ages of 1 and 5 years suffer mostly from canine otitis (64 %) and animals under the age of 1 year suffer less(10 %). Animals older than five years make up 26 %. The gender of dogs is not important in otitis spreading: females account for 49 % of sick animals, and males – 51 %. Malassezia otitis in dogs occurred in 38 % of cases. Dogs of Pug breeds comprised the largest percentage of sick animals (13.8 %), French bulldog and Pekingese breeds – (10.3 % each). The Bull Terrier, Jack Russell Terrier, and Chihuahua breed each account for 6.9 %. Otitis was registered every month during the year. An increase in the incidence was observed in April (9.1 %), May (13.0 %), June (7.8 %), July (15.6 %), August (13.0 %), September (10.4 % ) and November (10.4 %). So otitis was more often registered in dogs in the warm season. In the future, the spread, etiology, and most effective treatment regimens of various forms of otitis in dogs will be studied.
Viability of exogenous stages of development of the causative agent of trichu-riasis of dogs under the influence of temperature
Authors: Yevstafieva V. , Dolhin O.
Published: November 2022

Urbanization processes to one degree or another occur in all regions of the planet. Large, small cities and megacities are created, leading to an urban ecosystem with unique abiotic and biotic factors. All this significantly affects the fauna, stability and viability of parasites of domestic dogs, which are representatives of the urban environment. The work aimed to establish the degree of viability of exogenous stages of development of Trichuris vulpis, parasitizing dogs, under the influence of different temperatures. It was established that in laboratory conditions, depending on temperature fluctuations (23 °C–29 °C), the development period of trichurises eggs to the invasive stage ranged from 15 to 27 days. At a 23 °C for 27 days, 74.0 % of invasive T. vulpis eggs were formed. At this temperature, 26.0 % of eggs died during their embryogenesis. At a temperature of 25 °C, the process of egg development to the invasive stage lasted 24 days, where 77.7 % of viable eggs were formed. At this temperature, 22.3 % of trichurises eggs died. As the temperature rises, the egg development period gradually shortens and is 18 days at a temperature of 27 °C, and 15 days at a temperature of 29°C. At the same time, the number of formation of viable invasive eggs decreased and amounted to 81.0 and 64.3 %, respectively, and the percentage of egg death increased to 19.0 and 35.7 %. The terms of formation of various stages of egg development in embryogenesis depended on the temperature, where as its indicators increased, the terms of these stages also shortened. The term of the zygote stage was shortened from 9 to 6 days, the stage of blastomere splitting – from 12 to 6 days, the leguminous embryo stage – from 15 to 6 days, the tadpole embryo stage – from 21 to 9 days, the larval stage – from 24 to 12 days, formation of a mobile larva – from 27 to 15 days. The conducted experimental studies expand the already existing data on the stability of the eggs of trichurises, which parasitize dogs, concerning the influence of temperature in the environment, and also make it possible to correctly establish the terms of preventive measures and prevent the infection of animals through environmental objects.
Patient Satisfaction on Covid-19 Handling in Primary Centers Medan
Authors: Yustika Wirda Ningsih  , Nasution Azizah , Harahap Urip
Published: November 2022

Primary health centers play important roles in preventing, detecting, and helping people to cope with the problems associated with the COVID-19 infection. Therefore, it is necessary to strengthen and optimize the role of primary health center, including pharmaceutical care. This prospective descriptive study aimed to evaluate the level of patient satisfaction on COVID-19 handling in seven primary health centers Medan, Sumatera Utara, Indonesia  period January to April 2021. A self-designed questionnaire was distributed to a total of 617 patients admitted to the 7 primary health centers to assess the characteristics of the patients and the required data about patient satisfaction about nine-item pharmaceutical services provided, supporting facilities, and infrastructures. The patient satisfaction was assessed using a 4-point Likert scale categorized into very dissatisfied, dissatisfied, satisfied and very satisfied. The obtained data were analyzed using descriptive and Chi-Square analyses. Most (67%) of the respondents were females. The present study indicated that most respondents satisfied with the services provided.
Noun Composition in Narrative Passage
Authors: Sulistyowati Heny , Mahatmaharti Agung Kesna , Lubis Tasnim
Published: November 2022

The morphology process in forming the words needs a formation component or element of words, an affixation process, a reduplication process, and a composition process. Composition is combining two or more words that create a new meaning. The problem focus of this research was basic composition in narrative passages with basic forms of nouns and adjectives. The method used in this research was the descriptive qualitative method. The researcher used this descriptive qualitative method to describe the basic composition form and affixed composition objectively. The data source used in this research was narrative passage research on the origins of the Jombang Regency. Data were in the form of Indonesian language composition. The research found categories of basic noun composition forms such as (N+N) and (N+Adj). The form of the adjective basic composition category found is (Adj + V) and (Adj + Adj).
Language Preservation Parameter: Assesment of Bengkulu Malay Language Vitality Using Level Endangerment Index
Authors: Taher Muhammad Dian Saputra , Oktaviani Veronika Diah , Dewanda Kafi , Yosafat Vincent , Firmonasari Aprillia
Published: November 2022

Bengkulu Malay language began to be put away and displaced by other languages so efforts were needed to preserve the language in order to survive. The first step was to take measurements through language life force assessment based on the Level Endangerment Index (LEI). The purpose of this research was to identify the form of language shift, analyze the level of language vitality, and explore language defense strategies as an effort to preserve the Bengkulu Malay language. This research used Level Endangerment Index theory, language shift, and language preservation. The methods used in this research were anthropology and sociolinguistics through interviews, questionnaires, observation, and study literature. Data analysis was carried out with sequential explanatory mixed method including Level Endangerment Index assessment, data reduction, data serving, data verification, and conclusion. The result of this research was the form of Bengkulu Malay language shift in the form of code switching and code mixing. Language shift spreads through community, style of language, and vocabularies in families, educational institutions, and immigrant neighborhood. Bengkulu Malay language vitality is 44% which means endangered. Language preservation efforts are carried out by involving the government, the Customary Council, and the community.
The Revitalization of Mandi Marpangir Tradition in Matondang Village, Padang Lawas Regency
Authors: Daulay Ernita , Lubis Tasnim
Published: November 2022

Mandi marpangir is a tradition to clean body and soul at one day before holy Ramadhan and Eid Mubarak. The purpose is to have blessing during Ramadhan month until the day of  Eid Mubarak. The purpose of this research was to describe the tradition, cultural values, and local wisdom of Mandi marpangir. This research focused on revitalizing Mandi marpangir according to customs and traditions in Matondang Village. The location of the research was in Matondang Village, Padang Lawas regency. The informants are residents who live in the Matondang Village. The population objects withdrawal is carried out when the researcher selects the entire population in the research location, namely fountains and rivers, which are the places where people do bathing activities. This research used qualitative descriptive method. The data were observation and depth interview. The results of the research showed that the Mandi marpangir is a tradition with a special sacred value in which the community and its surroundings flock to the shower and river by bringing Pangir to perform the bathing ritual together. The Mandi marpangir tradition begins with pounding together the Pangir that has been boiled or brought by the community, which aims to purify ourselves in welcoming the months of Ramadhan and Eid Mubarak.
Design and Build a Web Service for Mobile Ecotourism in the City of Bogor Using the Rest . Method
Authors: Aliwafa Muhamad , Hidayat A Safaruddin , Fajar Kusumah Fitrah Satrya
Published: November 2022

The tourism sector is one sector that plays an important role in economic growth in Indonesia. Improving services to tourists when traveling with the use of technology is one of the efforts to support the development of tourism in Indonesia. The eCotourism application is a mobile-based application that serves to provide services to tourists such as providing information about tourist locations, lodging locations, culinary locations, and souvenir locations. In addition, in the eCotourism application, several functions can provide services to tourists while traveling, such as a digital guide system using a QR code. However, in the development process, a system is needed that can provide services to the functions and data that exist in the eCotourism application. In this study, the system that will be created is a web service for eCotourism applications where the web service will function as a bridge for the process of exchanging data between eCotourism applications and the database. In addition, the web service that is built is also able to support the functions that exist in the eCotourism application and is multi-platform so that it can be accessed by various application platforms. The architecture used in making the web service is REST (Representational State Transfer Protocol) architecture which uses the HTTP method to process data exchange via URL (Uniform Resource Locator). Making a web service can help eCotourism applications in providing services to tourists when traveling by providing data and existing functions. In addition, making this web service is also able to integrate eCotourism applications with other applications.
Environmental Risk Analysis of Final Processing Sites (TPA) Using the Integrated Risk Based Approach (IRBA) Method: A Case Study of TPA with Landfill Control System
Authors: Muchtar Andi Nurwidiyah , Age Badrus , Samadikun Budi Prasetyo
Published: November 2022

The place processing end (TPA) Ussu is located in Ussu village, Malili, East Luwu district, South Sulawesi Province. It has been operated since 2015 with a 4 ha land area and serves 5 districts, namely Malili, Angkona, Wasuponda, Towuti, and Noah. In 2019, this landfill was diverted into a system control landfill, but the implementation is still a conventional use system of open dumping. The system has a high risk for the environment, such as water pollution, soil consequence leachate, air pollution that is caused by methane gas, the emergence of disease, and the risk of landfill fire. Risk analysis is required to describe the risk toward the environment from certain activities. The study is conducted to evaluate the risk to the environment from the operational place processing end (TPA) in Ussu. The research method used is the integrated risk-based approach (IRBA) method. The experimental parameters are in the form of 20 TPA criteria parameters, four characteristics of landfill waste, and leachate parameters. Research results show that TPA Ussu scored 477.54 in the category evaluation danger ' medium ' level. The indicator has shown there are risks toward the environment at a medium level. This caused the landfill's age to be still young and hence required rehabilitation based on conditions in the field with repair system operational landfill control by gradually reducing or lowering danger risk environment.
Analisis Kelayakan Ekonomi pada Rencana Penggantian Alat Mekanis Penambangan Batubara Di PT XYZ, Kabupaten Tanah Bumbu, Provinsi Kalimantan Selatan
Authors: Pangestu Gading Abi , Riswan Riswan , Putri Karina Shella
Published: November 2022

PT XYZ plans to replace the production unit of the Kobelco SK200 excavator because it is unable to achieve the production target with a Mechanical Availability (MA) value of 55%. There are 7 scenarios in considering the replacement of the equipment. The analysis is carried out by considering the unit's capability and value in Net Present Value (NPV), Internal Rate of Return (IRR), and payback period in each scenario. The scenario for the improvement of Kobelco SK200 which increases the MA value to 75% is still unable to achieve the production target. Economic analysis shows that the highest NPV is in scenario 4 of Rp. 22,240,168,298, while the highest IRR is in scenario 3 of 79.93%. If PT XYZ wants a faster payback duration, scenario 3 by selling old equipment and renting used equipment with an MA value according to the target is the best choice. In addition, in terms of capital requirements, scenario 3 is the option with the lowest initial capital, where the amount of capital is a very important factor and often limits the ability of entrepreneurs and mining companies.
Penilaian Tingkat Kestabilan Lereng De ngan Metode Slope Mass Rating (SMR) pada Bench S dan J PT Tanjung Bukit Nunggal Kabupaten Bangka Tengah
Authors: Sitohang Evrantino Insani , Pitulima Janiar , Oktarianty Haslen
Published: November 2022

Excavation activities on mining activities cause tension changes on the ground that trigger the occurrence of deformation then followed by changes in slope stability. If slope stability is impaired then it will lead to the possibility of an avalanche, this will certainly result in the disruption of mining activities that endanger workers who are on the slope area with potential for avalanches. This study aims to find out parameters of basic RMR and deflection values of basic RMR at bench S and J, find out the values of slope stability using SMR at bench S and J, and cope with slope instability based on SMR values. The methods used in this study are quantitative and qualitative methods namely scanline sampling and rock physical test that is Uniaxial Compressive Strenght (UCS) tests, and Rock Quality Designation (RQD) measurements. The results of this study show that the rock conditions at the bench S and J are still good with RMR values of approximately 71 ± 73, the probability of avalanche occurrence is very low as SMR values range 71 ± 73, but still it needs to be carried out cutting on blocks indicated to ruins.
The Role of Angiotensinogen rs699 in Diabetic Nephropathy Among Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients with Uncontrolled Postprandial Glucose Levels
Authors: Puspasari Anggelia , Afriyanti Devy , Harahap Huntari , Maharani Citra , Elfiani Elfiani
Published: November 2022

Diabetic Nephropathy (DN) is the most common complication of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM), leading to the highest mortality rate of DM complications. However, its etiology is still questionable. Hyperglycemia, hypertension, and particular genetic susceptibility are associated with DN. Not all patients with uncontrolled hyperglycemia suffer DN. Thus, genetic susceptibility may be a risk factor for DN. The genetic variant of angiotensinogen rs699 is known to be associated with the risk of DN with inconsistent results between ethnicities. This study aims to reveal the correlation between the AGT rs699 with the incidence of diabetic nephropathy among type-2 diabetes mellitus patients with uncontrolled postprandial glucose levels in the Jambi Malay ethnicity. This study was observational analytic research with a cross-sectional design. It used 48 DNA samples from type-2 diabetes mellitus patients with uncontrolled postprandial glucose levels. The authors took 24 DNA samples from patients with DN and 24 without DN (as a control group). The genotyping method used ARMS-PCR specific for AGT rs699. Subjects with the CT genotype had a lower risk for diabetic nephropathy than the CC genotype, but it was not statistically significant (p=0.247; OR=0.508; 95%CI=0.160-1.607). In addition, subjects with the T allele (p=0.331; OR=0.621; 95%CI-0.237-1.630) had a lower risk for diabetic nephropathy than the C allele, but it was not statistically significant. In conclusion, Angiotensinogen rs699 is not a risk factor for diabetic nephropathy among type-2 diabetes mellitus patients with uncontrolled postprandial glucose levels in the Jambi Malay ethnicity.
Dupilumab Efficacy and Safety as an Add-On Therapy in Uncontrolled Asthma Patients: A Systematic Review
Authors: Evelyn Evelyn , Djohan Putra Brillian , Herawati Fauna
Published: November 2022

Asthma is a heterogeneous chronic inflammatory condition affecting the lung. Standard treatment, a high-dose inhaled corticosteroid (ICS) and long-acting bronchodilator (LABA), effectively manages asthma in most individuals. However, 5%-10% of individuals with asthma were ineffective with those treatments. Recent RCTs suggested that Dupilumab posed potential as an add-on therapy. This systematic review aims to support the efficacy (the annualized rate of severe asthma exacerbation and increase in FEV1) and the safety of Dupilumab as an add-on therapy in uncontrolled asthma patients. We used "(Asthma) AND (Dupilumab)" as keywords on PubMed and ScienceDirect. We included only RCT design studies comparing the efficacy and safety of Dupilumab with a placebo in uncontrolled asthma patients. The placebo was ICS and LABA or oral glucocorticoids. This paper included five RCTs with 3400 participants, and their quality was assessed using Critical Appraisal Tools Program (CASP) tools. We conducted a meta-analysis to calculate the pooled risk ratio (RR). In addition, we used Mantel-Haenszel with 95% confidence intervals for dichotomous data. Furthermore, we used a random-effects model to count for interstudy heterogeneity. Then, we processed data using Revman 5.4. Dupilumab as an add-on therapy significantly showed a consistent effect in lower the annualized rate of severe asthma exacerbation (RR= 0.46; 95% CI 0.36- 0.58; p=0.007) and increased FEV1 compared to placebo. In addition, the most common adverse effect of using Dupilumab were injection site reaction, upper respiratory tract infections, and eosinophilia. In conclusion, Dupilumab is safe and well-tolerated as moderate-to-severe uncontrolled asthma add-on therapy