bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Reliable assessment of telomere maintenance mechanisms in neuroblastoma
Authors: Meeser Alina , Bartenhagen Christoph , Werr Lisa , Hellmann Anna-Maria , Kahlert Yvonne , Hemstedt Nadine , Nürnberg Peter , Altmüller Janine , Ackermann Sandra , Hero Barbara , Simon Thorsten , Peifer Martin , Fischer Matthias , Rosswog Carolina
Published: June 2022

Background:
Telomere maintenance mechanisms (TMM) are a hallmark of high-risk neuroblastoma, and are conferred by activation of telomerase or alternative lengthening of telomeres (ALT). However, detection of TMM is not yet part of the clinical routine, and consensus on TMM detection, especially on ALT assessment, remains to be achieved.
Methods:
Whole genome sequencing (WGS) data of 68 primary neuroblastoma samples were analyzed. Telomere length was calculated from WGS data or by telomere restriction fragment analysis (n = 39). ALT was assessed by C-circle assay (CCA, n = 67) and detection of ALT-associated PML nuclear bodies (APB) by combined fluorescence in situ hybridization and immunofluorescence staining (n = 68). RNA sequencing was performed (n = 64) to determine expression of TERT and telomeric long non-coding RNA (TERRA). Telomerase activity was examined by telomerase repeat amplification protocol (TRAP, n = 15).
Results:
Tumors were considered as telomerase-positive if they harbored a TERT rearrangement, MYCN amplification or high TERT expression (45.6%, 31/68), and ALT-positive if they were positive for APB and CCA (19.1%,13/68). If all these markers were absent, tumors were considered TMM-negative (25.0%, 17/68). According to these criteria, the majority of samples were classified unambiguously (89.7%, 61/68). Assessment of additional ALT-associated parameters, i.e., telomere length, ATRX mutation, TERRA expression, telomere variant repeats, and telomere insertions, clarified the TMM status of the remaining seven cases with high likelihood.
Conclusions:
Based on our results we here propose a workflow to reliably detect TMM in neuroblastoma. We show that unambiguous classification is feasible following a stepwise approach that determines both, activation of telomerase and ALT. The workflow proposed in this study can be used in clinical routine and provides a framework to systematically evaluate telomere maintenance mechanisms in risk stratification and treatment allocation of neuroblastoma patients.
The microbiota, secondary metabolites and diseases: a putative role of probiotics in prevention and treatment of cancers
Authors: Seyyedi Zahrasadat , Parchebafi Atefeh , Kashani Hamed Haddad
Published: June 2022

Live and nonpathogenic microorganisms are called probiotics which are proved to be beneficial for their host. They play a key role on treatment and inhibition of infectious and non-infectious diseases. Since cancer is considered the main cause of death worldwide, it is important to find some strategies for reducing the side effects of chemotherapy. One of the key characteristics of probiotics is their role in treatment and recovery of different kinds of cancers by secondary metabolites which are produced by them. Up to date, different species of probiotics affecting cancer treatment have been explored. In this review, the relationship between probiotics and treatment of different diseases like cancers are investigated in order to use these crucial microorganisms in treatment of different neoplastic diseases.
“It’s Just Another Tool on my Toolbelt” New York State Law Enforcement Officer Experiences Administering Naloxone
Authors: Lloyd Danielle , Rowe Kirsten , Leung Shu-Yin John , Pourtaher Elham , Gelberg Kitty
Published: June 2022

BackgroundAlthough naloxone is widely acknowledged as a life-saving intervention and a critical tool for first responders, there remains a need to explore how law enforcement officers have adapted to a shifting scope of work, in many cases counter to traditional approaches to policing. Past research has focused mainly on officer training, their abilities to administer naloxone, and to a lesser extent on their experiences and interactions working with people who use drugs (PWUD).Methods A qualitative approach was used to explore officer perspectives and behaviors surrounding responses to incidents of suspected opioid overdose. Between the months of March and September 2017, semi-structured interviews were conducted with 38 officers from 17 counties across New York state (NYS). ResultsAnalysis of in-depth interviews revealed that officers generally considered the additional responsibility of administering naloxone to have become “part of the job.” Many officers reported feeling as though they are expected to wear multiple hats, functioning as both law enforcement and medical personnel and at times juggling contradictory roles. Evolving views on drugs and drug use defined many interviews, as well as the recognition that a punitive approach to working with PWUD is not the solution, emphasizing the need for cohesive, community-wide support strategies. Notable differences in attitudes toward PWUD appeared to be influenced by an officer’s connection to someone who uses drugs and/or due to a background in emergency medical services (EMS).ConclusionLaw enforcement officers in NYS are emerging as an integral part of the continuum of care for PWUD. Our findings are capturing a time of transition as more traditional approaches to law enforcement appear to be shifting toward those prioritizing prevention and diversion. Widespread adoption of naloxone administration by law enforcement officers in NYS is a powerful example of the successful integration of a public health intervention into police work.
Comparison of operative times in primary bilateral total knee arthroplasty performed by a single surgeon
Authors: Ishii Yoshinori , Noguchi Hideo , Sato Junko , Takahashi Ikuko , Ishii Hana , Ishii Ryo , Ishii Kei , Toyabe Shin-ichi
Published: June 2022

Background
Prolonged operative time (OT) is associated with adverse complications after total knee arthroplasty (TKA). The purpose of this study was to determine whether preoperative factors, such as sex, age, body mass index, body weight (BW), body height, American Society of Anesthesiologists grade, tibiofemoral angle, hospital for special surgery scores, surgical side, surgical order, and calendar year of surgery, affect OT.
Methods
One hundred nineteen patients (238 knees) with osteoarthritis who underwent staged bilateral primary TKA performed by a single surgeon were evaluated. The medical records of 15 males and 104 females were retrospectively reviewed. All variables were expressed as median (interquartile range).
Results
The OT for all TKAs was 57 minutes (51, 65). The OT on the left side (59 minutes (52–67)) was longer than that on the right side (55 minutes (50–62)) (p = 0.015). Multiple regression analysis revealed that longer OT was related to BW (β = 0.488, p < 0.001), calendar year of surgery (β= −0.218, p < 0.001), and operative side (β= −0.151, p = 0.007). The Jonckheere–Terpstra test showed a trend toward decreasing OT with calendar year on the left side (p = 0.037) (surgeon’s non-dominant side), but not on the right (p = 0.795). Body height, BW, and body mass index showed weak correlations (r = 0.212, p = 0.001; r = 0.352, p < 0.001; r = 0.290, p < 0.001, respectively) with OT.
Conclusion
Patients with a large physique, and especially obesity, with an affected knee on the surgeon’s non-dominant side may require a longer OT; OT decreased over time.
Bulk and single-cell transcriptome profiling reveal tumor-specific T-based molecular classification, tumor microenvironment infiltration characterization relevant to combination therapies in lung adenocarcinoma
Authors: Luo Ziwei , Liu Xuefei , Chen Ying , Shen Lize , Qin Hui , Zha Qiongfang , Hu Feng , Wang Yali
Published: June 2022

Background:
In lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD), the use of small-molecule inhibitors, chemotherapy and immunotherapy has led to unprecedented survival benefits in selected patients. Considering most patients will experience a relapse within a short period of time due to single drug resistance, combination therapy is also particularly important to improve patient prognosis. Therefore, more robust biomarkers to predict responses to immunotherapy, targeted therapy, chemotherapy and rationally drug combination therapies may be helpful in clinical treatment choices.
Methods:
We defined tumor-specific T cells (TSTs) and their features (TSTGs) by single-cell RNA sequencing. We applied LASSO regression to filter out the most survival-relevant TSTGs to form the Tumor-specific T cell score (TSTS). Immunological characteristics, enriched pathways, and mutation were evaluated in high- and low TSTS groups.
Results:
We identified six clusters of T cells as TSTs in LUAD, and four most robust genes from 9 feature genes expressed only on tumor-specific T cells were screened to construct a tumor-specific T cells score (TSTS). TSTS was positively correlated with immune infiltration and angiogenesis and negatively correlated with malignant cell proliferation. Moreover, potential vascular-immune crosstalk in LUAD provides the theoretical basis for combined anti-angiogenic and immunotherapy. Lachnoclostridium affect Hyaluronidase and promotes immune infiltration in the high TSTS group through CXCL16-CXCR6 between myeloid and T cells. Noticeable, patients in high TSTS had better response to ICB and targeted therapy and patients in the low TSTS group often benefit from chemotherapy.
Conclusions:
The proposed TSTS is a promising indicator to predict immunotherapy, targeted therapy and chemotherapy responses in LUAD patients for helping clinical treatment choices.
The orchid mantis exhibits high ontogenetic colouration variety and intersexual life history differences
Authors: Zhao Xin , Liu Jing-Xin , Chen Zhanqi
Published: June 2022

Masquerade, the resemblance of animals to inedible or inanimate objects, exists universally throughout the animal kingdom, especially in arthropods. However, masquerade has received little attention from biologists and is often misinterpreted as mimicry by the public and even by scientists, as a consequence of the lack of systematic biological information for any masquerader. Therefore, using the orchid mantis Hymenopus coronatus (Insecta: Mantodea), a classic masquerader, as the study species, we first analysed its abundance, life cycle, microhabitats, colour morph diversity and key environmental factors that may affect its life cycle, based on 11 years (2011–2021) of field investigations. The results showed that the orchid mantis a) had an extremely low wild population abundance; b) exhibited four main colour morphs (white, pink, purple and yellow); c) did not coexist with any specific plant or flower; d) had a reproductive period from May to August and a nymph developmental period from September to April; and e) may adapt to local seasonal fluctuations of temperature and precipitation throughout its life cycle. Second, we recorded its life history, colour morph flexibility and intersexual variation under laboratory conditions. The results indicated that 1) its colour morph with high flexibility exists among and within different life stages; and 2) the two sexes can be remarkably differentiated in development, lifespan and body weight. This study is the first systematic investigation of a masquerader; its results should be useful for ecologists and evolutionary biologists to interpret the adaptation and evolution of masquerade.
Streaming Hierarchical Clustering Based on Point-Set Kernel
Authors: Han Xin , Zhu Ye , Ting Kai Ming , Zhan De-Chuan , Li Gang
Published: June 2022

Hierarchical clustering produces a cluster tree with different granularities. As a result, hierarchical clustering provides richer information and insight into a dataset than partitioning clustering. However, hierarchical clustering algorithms often have two weaknesses: scalability and the capacity to handle clusters of varying densities. This is because they rely on pairwise point-based similarity calculations and the similarity measure is independent of data distribution. In this paper, we aim to overcome these weaknesses and propose a novel efficient hierarchical clustering called StreaKHC that enables massive streaming data to be mined. The enabling factor is the use of a scalable point-set kernel to measure the similarity between an existing cluster in the cluster tree and a new point in the data stream. It also has an efficient mechanism to update the hierarchical structure so that a high-quality cluster tree can be maintained in real-time. Our extensive empirical evaluation shows that StreaKHC is more accurate and more efficient than existing hierarchical clustering algorithms.
Impact of Abnormal Potassium on Arrhythmia Risk During Pediatric Digoxin Therapy
Authors: Mlambo Vongai Christine , Algaze Claudia , Mak Kwai , II R. Thomas Collins
Published: June 2022

Background: Digoxin is used in children with heart failure and tachyarrhythmia. Its use in patients with single ventricle anatomy has increased following evidence of improved interstage survival after the Norwood procedure. Digoxin has a narrow therapeutic window and may alter serum potassium balance, inducing arrhythmias. We hypothesized digoxin use in the setting of abnormal serum potassium levels is associated with arrhythmias. Methods: We reviewed all patients ≤18 years who received digoxin while admitted at our institution from 2014-2021. Admissions <2 nights were excluded. We compared patients with a hemodynamically significant arrhythmia to those without. We performed adjusted logistic regression with arrhythmia as the outcome variable and potassium status as the predictor variable; adjusting for weight, route of digoxin administration, digoxin indication, serum creatinine, and number of interacting drugs prescribed. Abnormal potassium was defined as serum levels <3.5 mmol/L or >6.0 mmol/L.Results: There were 272 encounters in 172 patients. Potassium levels were abnormal in 72.9% of patients who experienced an arrhythmia during digoxin administration, compared to 40.3% who did not (p < 0.001). Odds of arrhythmia was 133% higher in patients with abnormal potassium receiving digoxin (AOR=2.33, 95% CI 1.16 – 4.68, p=0.02). Receiving intravenous digoxin was also associated with a 4.46 odds of cardiac arrhythmia (AOR 4.46, p=0.04, 95% CI 1.07 to 18.50).Conclusion: Odds of arrhythmia is increased during digoxin administration when pediatric patients have abnormal potassium levels. Vigilant attention to potassium levels is essential to prevent adverse outcomes during digoxin therapy.
An Artificial Intelligence Strategy for the Deployment of Future Holographic Type Communication Services in Edge-Cloud Computing
Authors: Ssemakula John Bosco , Gorricho Juan-Luis , Kibalya Godfrey
Published: June 2022

Given the current predictions of B5G, the maturity of 5G technology, and proposed network services that are both compute-intensive and latency-sensitive, there are different levels of criticality that require flexibility and agility in decision making to support new services on the network. The current traditional cloud computing service model cannot handle the explosive growth and demands of such use cases as HTC (Holographic Type Communication) services. The purpose of edge computing (EC) is to effectively solve problems such as minimizing latency and optimizing network utilization. However, flexibility and agility are also important requirements for cost-effective and resource-efficient deployment of such services. Considering the NP-hard nature of the problem, an artificial intelligence technique based on a reinforcement learning (RL) algorithm is proposed to make an intelligent decision on the optimal serving tier and edge-site selection, while considering criticality levels and multiple conflicting costs. In addition, at the edge network tier, a heuristic algorithm is used to map stream tasks onto the optimally selected edge-sites using a ranking mechanism based on the available network and computational resources. All algorithms aim to minimize the cost in the edge-cloud system to increase the revenue of a mobile network operator (MNO) by encouraging more people to use such outstanding future services at a lower cost. The simulation results show that the performance of the proposed RL-based algorithm is close to the optimal solution in achieving the main objective within a margin of 7%, moreover RL outperforms other benchmarks in most of the conducted experiments.
Comprehensive analysis of lncRNA–miRNA–mRNA ceRNA networks in atherosclerosis
Authors: Shi Jian , Liu Shiming , Jiang Wenyi
Published: June 2022

Background
Atherosclerosis (AS) is a chronic inflammatory disease characterized by lipid necrosis and vessel wall hardening manifested by intimal lipid deposition and smooth muscle cell proliferation. The interactions and mechanisms involved in the development of atherosclerotic plaques are important to understand. Growing evidence shows that long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) can act as competing endogenous RNAs (ceRNAs) by competitively splicing microRNAs (miRNAs) to regulate key cellular and molecular processes during various stages of AS. The aim of this study was to elucidate the potential role of lncRNAs, miRNAs and mRNA ceRNA networks in advanced atherosclerotic plaque tissue compared with normal intimal tissue.
Methods
The limma package was used to identify differentially expressed lncRNAs and mRNAs (DElncRNAs and DEmRNAs, respectively) based on expression profiles from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) datasets GSE97210 and GSE137578. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were further analysed by Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopaedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment analysis and Metascape online tools. The intersection of the two DEG datasets was screened for hub genes. In addition, a lncRNA–miRNA–mRNA–Hub gene regulatory network was constructed to investigate key genes that may influence AS pathogenesis.
Results
A total of 393 probes associated with DElncRNA, including 122 up-regulated and 271 down-regulated probes were identified from the GSE97210 dataset, and 675 up-regulated and 689 down-regulated DEGs were also identified in atherosclerotic samples. In the validation dataset (GSE137578), 400 up-regulated and 388 down-regulated DEGs in atherosclerotic samples were identified. CeRNA networks were constructed based on the expression profiles of lncRNAs, miRNAs and mRNAs in patients with AS, and a total of 80 lncRNA nodes, 30 miRNA nodes, 80 mRNA nodes and 625 edges were identified as differential expression profiles. Four core genes, including BAMBI, TBX18, DLGAP5 and RRM2, were screened after taking intersections with the validation dataset. Then, a ceRNA regulatory relationship network consisting of these four mRNAs, three miRNAs and 13 lncRNAs was established.
Conclusion
Our study found that BAMBI, TBX18, DLGAP5 and RRM2 are potentially involved in the pathological process of AS.
Dynamic Curvotaxis: Can cells surf the waves?
Authors: Milan Jean-Louis , Manifacier Ian , Liu Dongshu , Vassaux Maxime , Pieuchot Laurent , Luchnikov Valeriy , Anselme Karine
Published: June 2022

During, development and regeneration cells are subject to dynamic topographic changes as the surrounding tissues shift and grow. Yet, in vitro experiments have shown that cell scale curvatures influence cell migration, whereby, cells tend to avoid convex peaks and are more likely to settle in concave areas. This behavior was demonstrated on static surfaces with a fixed sinusoidal landscape composed of curved hills-and-valleys. Based on these findings, we later proposed a computer model to theoretically explain the underlying physical mechanism. Nonetheless, how dynamic curvature impacts cell motion remains unknown. In this study, we extend our previous model to explore what would happen if substrate curvature were to change over time. Using travelling wave patterns, we simulate a dynamic surface curvature. We investigate the influence of wave height and wave propagation speed and we find that long-distance cell migration can be achieved. Our results open a new area of study to understand cell mobility in dynamic environments, from single cell in vitro experiments to multi cellular in vivo mechanisms involving embryogenesis and regeneration.
Use the best, ignore the rest: How heuristics allow to tell lie from truth
Authors: Verschuere Bruno , Lin Chu-Chien , Huismann Sara , Kleinberg Bennett , Willemse Marleen , Mei Emily Chong Jia , Goor Thierry van , Löwy Leonie H. S. , Appiah Obed Kwame , Meijer Ewout
Published: June 2022

The failure to detect deception can have grave consequences in politics, relationships, and the court room (Mazar, Amir, & Ariely, 2008). Yet, people are poor lie detectors and perform barely better than chance (Bond & DePaulo, 2006). Understandably, people struggle with integrating the many putative cues to deception into an accurate veracity judgement. Heuristics simplify difficult decisions by ignoring most of the information and relying instead only on the most diagnostic cues (’use the best, ignore the rest’) (Mousavi & Gigerenzer, 2017). We show that people’s deception detection ability can be drastically improved by instructing them to rely solely on the single best available cue. We conducted seven studies in which people evaluated honest and deceptive handwritten statements, video transcripts, videotaped interviews, or live interviews. Participants perform at the chance level when they made an unguided judgment free to use any possible cue. But when instructed to rely only on a single cue (detailedness), they were consistently able to detect deception. The heuristics approach even performed at or above the level of an advanced, more resource-intensive credibility assessment method (Nahari, Vrij, & Fisher, 2014). The simplicity and accuracy of the heuristics approach provides for a novel avenue for deception research and hold promise for practice.
Barriers to Mutational Testing in Patients with Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumors (GIST) – A Survey of Life Raft Group Members
Authors: Montoya Denisse , Call Jerry W. , Eshak Jennily , Knox Pete , Luedke Maeven , Kaur Sahibjeet , Rothschild Sara , Garland Mary , Scherzer Norman J.
Published: June 2022

Background Due to the low mutational testing rate in patients with Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumors (GIST), The Life Raft Group (LRG), a non-profit organization that provides support, advocacy, and conducts research for patients with GIST, analyzed various factors that may have an impact on patients’ ability to receive mutational testing. Methods A survey about mutational testing for patients with GIST, or their caregivers, was conducted in June 2020. The survey, sent to 1004 GIST patients and caregivers through email, was promoted through social media with instructions to contact the LRG to participate. The survey was designed by the LRG Patient Registry Department. Members of the LRG, regardless of Patient Registry status, were eligible to participate. Results A total of 295 patients/caregivers participated in this study (response rate: 29.4%). The percentage of patients who indicated they had received mutational testing was much higher in this survey (80%) than in the general GIST community (26.7%). Several reasons were cited for having a test, including: “My doctor ordered/suggested that I have it done” (54%); “The Life Raft Group advised/suggested I have it done” (25%); “I asked my doctor to have it done” (22%); “I had it done as part of a clinical trial” (5%); “I am not sure” (3%) and “Other” (14%). Mutational testing resulted in a treatment change in 25% of cases. Patients were able to select more than one option when completing this question resulting in a percentage greater than 100.Conclusions The LRG membership is voluntary and proactive; patients who join are more likely to participate in surveys and mutational testing, as well has more likely to have a GIST specialist. Mutational testing can influence understanding a patient’s GIST and the treatment best suited to each case. These are extremely important findings, as it helps ensure that patients are on the proper treatment, which should lead to better outcomes.
Morphological analysis of posterior-medial intertrochanteric fracture patterns using fracture-mapping technique
Authors: Ren Hanru , Qi Xin , Wu Lianghao , Jian Zheng , Zhang Xu , Yi Chengqing
Published: June 2022

Background
The purpose of this study was to analyze the fracture patterns of different posterior-medial wall types of intertrochanteric fractures by 3-D fracture-mapping technique and to further assess their clinical utility.
Methods
In a retrospective analysis of interochanteric fractures treated in a large trauma center, fractures were classified into predesigned groups based on 3D-CT imaging techniques, and a 3-D template of the intertrochanteric region was graphically superimposed on the fracture line. Fracture characteristics were then summarized based on fracture-mapping. Finally, radiographic parameters, function, and range of motion were recorded in different fracture classification states.
Results
A total of 348 intertrochanteric fractures were included. There were 111 patients (31.9%) in the posterolateral + posteromedial + medial group, with the most severe fracture displacement (typically characterized by fragmentation of the posteromedial wall into three isolated fragments). There were 102 cases (29.3%) in the posterolateral + posteromedial + simple medial group, and the most common fracture feature was a complete fragment posteromedially. A total of 81 cases (23.3%) were classified into the posterolateral + medial group, with the medial fracture line extending the anterior fracture line but leaving the lesser trochanter intact. In the isolated medial group of 33 cases (9.5%), the fracture type was similar to type IV, but the integrity of the greater trochanter was ensured. In the posteromedial + medial group of 12 cases (3.4%), the fracture was characterized by an interruption when the fracture line of the anterolateral wall extended to the posteromedial wall, often resulting in a complete isolated fragment posteromedially and medially. There were 9 patients (2.6%) in the isolated posterolateral group. In addition, we found significantly different radiographic scores and range of motion scores between groups.
Conclusions
This morphometric study helps us to further characterize posterior-medial fracture patterns of intertrochanteric fractures, which may be closely related to different clinical outcomes. Further studies are needed to verify the reliability of this classification scheme in clinical application.
Study Design:
Crossover Study Design; Level of evidence, 3.
Nomogram predicting the prognosis of patients with surgically resected stage IA non-small cell lung cancer
Authors: Deng Xu-Feng , Dai Yin , Liu Xiao-Qing , Qi Huang-Zhi , Zhou Dong , Zheng Hong , Li Jiang , Liu Quanxing
Published: June 2022

Background
The American Joint Committee on Cancer(AJCC) 8th stage system was limited in accuracy for predicting prognosis of stage IA nonsmall-cell lung cancer(NSCLC) patients. This study aimed to establish and validate two nomograms that predict overall survival(OS) and lung cancer specific survival(LCSS) in surgically resected stage IA NSCLC patients.
Methods
Postoperative patients with stage IA NSCLC in SEER database between 2004 and 2015 were examined. Survival and clinical information according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria was collected. All patients were randomly divided into the training cohort and validation cohort with a ratio of 7:3. Independent prognosis factors were evaluated using univariate and multivariate Cox regression analyses, and predictive nomogram was established based on these factors. Nomogram performance was measured using the C-index, calibration plots, and DCA. Patients were grouped by quartiles of nomogram scores and survival curves were plotted by Kaplan-Meier analysis.
Results
In total, 33533 patients were included in the study. The nomogram contained 12 prognostic factors in OS and 10 prognostic factors in LCSS. In the validation set, the C-index was 0.652 for predicting OS and 0.651 for predicting LCSS. The calibration curves for the nomogram-predicted probability of OS and LCSS showed good agreement between the actual observation and nomogram prediction. DCA indicated that the clinical value of the nomograms were higher than AJCC 8th stage for predicting OS and LCSS. Nomogram scores related risk stratification revealed statistically significant difference which have better discrimination than AJCC 8th stage.
Conclusions
The nomogram can accurately predict OS and LCSS in surgical resected patients with stage IA NSCLC.
Androgen receptor expression associates with distinctive clinicopathological and molecular features in ER-positive and ER-negative breast cancer
Authors: Hu Taobo , Liu Yiqiang , Zhao Guiyang , Wang Shu , Long Mengping
Published: June 2022

Background
Androgen receptor (AR) expression is frequently observed in breast cancer, but its association with estrogen receptor (ER) expression of breast cancer remains unclear.
Results
In this study, we analyzed the clinicopathological and molecular features associated AR loss in ER-positive and ER-negative breast cancer respectively, trying to elucidate the molecular correlation between AR and ER. Our results showed that AR loss was associated with different clinicopathological characteristics in ER-positive and ER-negative breast cancer. Moreover, the expression of AR was correlated with different molecular features in ER-positive and ER-negative breast cancer.
Conclusions
These results suggest that the role of AR in ER-positive breast cancer is distinctive from that in ER-negative breast cancer.
Fusions-MRT-Bildgebung in der Diagnose und Lokalisation von vestibulärem Schwannom und intralabyrinthärem Schwannom
Authors:   , Vad Ineke Lucia
Published: June 2022

Ziel Das Ziel der vorliegenden Studie ist die vergleichende Bewertung von fusionierten T2-gewichteten und Kontrastmittel-(KM)-gestützten T1-gewichteten Magnetization-prepared Rapid Gradient-(MPRAGE)-Sequenzen im Hinblick auf die Diagnose und Lokalisation von vestibulären Schwannomen (VS) und / oder intralabyrinthären Schwannomen (ILS). Dabei werden die Parameter benötigte Zeitdauer bis zur Diagnose, Diagnosegenauigkeit, die Qualität des Bildmaterials und die Zahl der Artefakte evaluiert. Material und Methoden Insgesamt werden die Magnetresonanztomografie-(MRT) -Daten von 53 Patienten, davon 10 mit einer VS-, 20 mit einer VS / - ILS Kombination und 4 mit einer reinen ILS- Erkrankung, evaluiert. Es wurden zwei Kontrollgruppen, bestehend aus 16 Patienten ohne Auffälligkeiten und 3 Patienten mit detektierten Pathologien, in die Datenerhebung integriert. Zwei Radiologen mit 10 und 12jähriger Berufserfahrung evaluierten die konventionellen und fusionierten Sequenzen (Konsensusbefunder 1 und 2). Weiterhin untersuchten zwei Gruppen von Radiologen mit 1-2 und 3 – 4 Jahre Weiterbildung die konventionellen MRT-Sequenzen oder die Fusionsbildung. Die Zeit der Diagnosefestlegung wurde gemessen. Die Bildqualität und die Zahl der Artefakte wurden anhand einer 5-Punkte-Bewertungsskala festgelegt. Die Ergebnisse der beiden Gruppen wurden mittels geeigneter statistischer Verfahren analysiert und verglichen. Ergebnisse Die Befunder, denen die fusionierten Bilder zur Verfügung standen, konnten die Diagnose in allen Fällen schneller stellen. Die Diagnoseerstellung erfolgte durch die Befunder fast doppelt so schnell (33,4 s versus 63,5 s). Die Interrater-Reliabilität bezüglich der Erkennung von VS/ILS-Läsionen war – unabhängig vom Bildmaterial – exzellent (Cohens-Kappa (κ) 0,914–1,000). Mit den fusionierten Sequenzen ist eine präzise (Sensitivität: 100 %; Spezifität, 88,9–100 %) Diagnose möglich. Die Erstellung einer Fusionssequenz an der Konsole beansprucht 33,8 ± 2,6 s. Die Bildqualität der Fusion wurde von den Ratern als hervorragend eingestuft. Nach drei Monaten erzielten zwei Befunder, die zunächst die Fälle mit Hilfe konventioneller MRT-Sequenzen beurteilt hatten, in einer erneuten Bewertung anhand der Fusionsbildgebung kürzere Befundungszeiten (32,0 s vs. 67,5 s) sowie eine bessere ILS-Erkennung (κ = 0,564 vs. κ = 0,845) und ILS-Klassifikation (κ = 0,573 vs. κ = 0,801). Fazit Die Fusionsbildgebung aus T2- und T1-gewichteten MR-Sequenzen MPRAGE erlaubt eine bessere, schnellere und präzisere Diagnose von VS und ILS. Klinische Relevanz Die Darstellung der flüssigkeitsgefüllten Architektur des KHBW und des inneren Gehörgangs mithilfe der Fusionsbildgebung (3D-T2- und KM-unterstützte T1-gewichtete Sequenzen) bietet dem Radiologen die Möglichkeit seine Diagnosefähigkeit zu verbessern und seinen Klinikalltag zu erleichtern. Vor allem kleine Läsionen, die in der radiologischen Routinediagnostik schwer zu erkennen sind, lassen sich mithilfe der Fusion besser diagnostizieren und abgrenzen.
Analysis of Nutrient Input and Soil Nutrient Profit and Loss of Pear Orchards in Beijing
Authors: Liang Zhenxu , Sun Mingde , Wu Yang , Liu Jun , Zhao Yanyan , Tian Haiqing , Du Ruirui , Liu Songzhong
Published: June 2022

To understand the soil nutrient status of pear orchards in Beijing, we investigated their fertilization situation, including the fertilizer type, amount, and period. Furthermore, soil samples were collected at a depth of 0 to 40 cm to determine the contents of soil nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium. The status of nutrient profits and losses was analyzed. The results showed that 50% of the pear orchards received organic fertilizer as a single nutrient source, and 35.7% of the pear orchards received a combined application of organic fertilizer and chemical fertilizer. Most pear orchards received organic fertilizer in autumn, but the application of chemical fertilizer occurred mainly before germination and during fruit expansion. The average nutrient input to the investigated pear orchards was 569.6 kg/ha for N, 855.0 kg/ha for P2O5, and 448.1 kg/ha for K2O, and the corresponding proportion of organic fertilizer was 76.9%, 88.0%, and 85.8%, respectively. However, the pear orchards had surpluses of nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium, with average surplus amounts as high as 445.5, 794.3, and 321.4 kg/ha, respectively. Among all pear orchards surveyed, 93.33% faced environmental risks and 37.04% faced leaching risks. The average content of soil phosphorus was 2.23 times its critical value, and 64.29% of the studied pear orchards exceeded the critical value. Most pear orchards had surplus potassium, with 26.92% exceeding 500 kg/ha. This study provides a basis for soil improvement, high-quality production of fruits, and efficient utilization of pear orchards in Beijing.
Influence of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi on Physiology and Yield of Eggplant in Organic Soilless Production System
Authors: Shaik Azeezahmed , Singh Sukhbir
Published: June 2022

Recent studies suggest that arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) have the potential to improve the growth and yield of eggplant (Solanum melongena L.) under soil-based organic production systems. However, the application of AMF in organic soilless vegetable production in a greenhouse has not been well studied, creating an important knowledge gap. Therefore, two greenhouse experiments [Experiment 1 (E1) and Experiment 2 (E2)] were conducted to investigate the effect of AMF (Glomus spp.) on the growth, gaseous exchange, and yield of eggplant fertilized with various liquid organic fertilizers (OFs) and inorganic fertilizers (IFs) in a soilless greenhouse production system. The experiment was conducted in a split-plot design with four replications in which liquid OFs [OF1 (5N–1P–1K), OF2 (0N–5P–5K and 3N–3P–3K), OF3 (3N–1P–1K), OF4 (5N–1P–2K), OF5 (3.7N–2.7P–3.7K), and OF6 (3N–3P–5K)], and IFs [IF1 (6N–4P–4K) and IF2 (4N–0P–1K and 1N–3P–5K)] were randomized as main plot factor, and AMF [inoculated and uninoculated (control)] as a subplot factor. Results indicate that AMF inoculation had no significant effect on the growth, gaseous exchange, and yield parameters of eggplant. Among different OFs, the eggplant fertilized with OF6 resulted in a 4.3% and 3% reduction of leaf area compared with top-performing IF1 treatment in E1 and E2, respectively. Further, the OF6 treatment resulted in a 12% and 15% reduction in total yield per plant compared with IF1 in E1 and E2, respectively. The differences in plant gaseous exchange parameters were also nonsignificant for eggplants fertilized with different OF and IF treatments in both E1 and E2. These results conclude that Glomus spp. were not associated with a significant increase in the yield of eggplant in the soilless production system. However, OFs were performing similar to IFs in terms of growth and yield, which could be due to a higher nutrient availability of these OFs, which are highly useful for the production of eggplant in greenhouse soilless production systems.
Teachers’ Feedback on EFL Writings from Sociocultural Perspective
Authors: Aini Rahma , Ashadi Ashadi
Published: June 2022

Writing skill is one of the difficult skills to acquire in learning a second language. Therefore, the feedback that the students receive from the teachers should be understandable and improve students’ writing skills. This study examines the teachers’ experiences in giving feedback on students’ writing performance through a sociocultural perspective. The participants of this study were 8 English teachers of junior and senior high schools in Padangsidimpuan, North Sumatra. The data were collected through online interviews and analyzed in a thematic approach by transcribing, coding, categorizing, and interpreting. The result shows that teachers prefer to use teacher-student conferencing in giving writing feedback since joint participation and transaction occur in the learning process. It is compatible with the principle of the sociocultural approach. In addition, teachers are more concerned about students’ grammatical errors rather than structure and content. It is due to students finding it difficult to implement the grammatical rules into their writings. Furthermore, unfocused corrective feedback points out a range of error types. However, the strategy is hard to implement for students with lower proficiency levels.
CASE REPORTTONSILLAR TUBERCULOSIS SIMULATING A CANCER AND REVEALING MILIARY PULMONARY TUBERCULOSIS
Authors:   Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery Mohamed V Military Hospital. Mohammed V University in Rabat. Morocco., Ftouhi A. , Moumni M. ,   Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery Mohamed V Military Hospital. Mohammed V University in Rabat. Morocco., Errami N. ,   Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery Mohamed V Military Hospital. Mohammed V University in Rabat. Morocco., Hemmaoui B. ,   Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery Mohamed V Military Hospital. Mohammed V University in Rabat. Morocco., Zalagh M. ,   Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery Mohamed V Military Hospital. Mohammed V University in Rabat. Morocco., Benariba F. ,   Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery Mohamed V Military Hospital. Mohammed V University in Rabat. Morocco.
Published: June 2022

Tuberculosis is an important cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. We report the case of a 78-year-old man who presented with two months history of sore throat and left cervicallymphadenopathywithoutrespiratorysymptoms. Oral examination and the CT scan of the neck showed bilateral tonsillar hypertrophy simulating a cancer (lymphoma). Histopathology revealed granulomatous inflammatory lesions with caseation necrosisin the biopsies of tonsil and lymphadenopathy. The chest CT scan showed diffuse pulmonary micronodules related to miliary pulmonary tuberculosis.Anti-tuberculous medication was given and the improvement of symptoms was noticed in four weeks.
A REVIEW ARTICLE ON DERMOGRAPHISM: ETIOLOGY, CLINICAL MANIFESTATIONS AND TREATMENT
Authors:   Vignan Pharmacy College, Vadlamudi, Guntur(District)-522213., Supriya V. , Navya Nandini A. ,   Vignan Pharmacy College, Vadlamudi, Guntur(District)-522213., S. Gottipati Satheesh ,   Vignan Pharmacy College, Vadlamudi, Guntur(District)-522213., Srinivas Babu P. ,   Vignan Pharmacy College, Vadlamudi, Guntur(District)-522213.
Published: June 2022

A common benign condition of the skin in which people show welts or hives on their skin after rubbing or scratching is called dermatographism, also known as physical urticaria or skin writing. And it is the most common form of physical urticaria seen in about 2 - 5 % of the population. Generally, people who are with dermographism are healthy. Physical urticaria has neither age limitations nor bias towards a particular race or even gender differences. It can appear at any age inclusive of children however, this condition is mostly seen in adolescents. The causes of dermographia are idiopathic. Its pathogenesis entails the release of histamines from mast cells in the blood. Various symptoms shown by the patients suffering from dermographism are inflammation of the skin, blisters, and pruritus due to exposure to pressure like belts, waistbands, and tight clothing. After the irritation of the skin, symptomsappear within 5 - 7 minutes with no lasting marks and symptoms which disappear in 30 minutes. It can be as erythematous wheals in the dermis with innumerable causes. Despite fact that dermographism is typically observed in the skin, it can also affect mucous membranes such as the vulva and oral mucosa (lips). The diagnosis was done based on the history of the patient whereas a dermographometeris used to confirm the disease condition. Urticaria is classified as symptomatic and asymptomatic dermographism in which symptomatic requires treatment until the symptoms are subsided while asymptomatic does not require any management. As dermographia is not mortal, it can be managed by avoiding stimuli and by decreasing anxiety and stress. Avoiding exposure of skin to shear forces completely is likely impossible. So, Antihistamines are used as a first-line treatment including steroids, phototherapy, or immunosuppressive agents.
A COMPARATIVE EVALUATION OF EFFICACY OF DIFFERENT OBTURATION TECHNIQUES USING CBCT: AN IN VITRO STUDY
Authors:   Post Graduate Student, Department of Pediatric and Preventive Dentistry, Divya Jyoti College of Dental Science and Research., Susan Joy Anu , Jawa Singh Deepti ,   Professor, Department of Pediatric and Preventive Dentistry, Divya Jyoti College of Dental Science and Research., Somani Rani ,   Professor and Head of the Department, Department of Pediatric and Preventive Dentistry, Divya Jyoti College of Dental Science and Research., Jaidka Shipra ,   Professor, Department of Pediatric and Preventive Dentistry, Divya Jyoti College of Dental Science and Research., Singh Sanjeet ,   Professor and Head of the Department, Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Pathology And Oral Microbiology, Divya Jyoti College of Dental Science and Research., P. Deepa ,   Post Graduate Student, Department of Pediatric and Preventive Dentistry, Divya Jyoti College of Dental Science and Research., S. Anaswara ,   Post Graduate Student, Department of Pediatric and Preventive Dentistry, Divya Jyoti College of Dental Science and Research., M.S Serene ,   Post Graduate Student, Department of Pediatric and Preventive Dentistry, Divya Jyoti College of Dental Science and Research.
Published: June 2022

Introduction: Pulpectomy helps in preserving a pulpally involved primary tooth by extirpating the diseased pulp associated with microorganism and debris from the canal and obturating with an antibacterial resorbable filling material Aim: To evaluate and compare the obturation quality interms of underfilling,optimal filling, over fillings, and voids in single rooted teeth amongst the 4 different obturation techniques using cone beam computed tomography( C.B.C.T.) Method:40 freshly extracted single rooted teeth were collected and where arranged on U shaped arch ,each arch contained 10 teeth each and 4 groups and obturated with lentulospiral technique, local anaesthetic syringe, endodontic pressure syringe, pastinject technique.The assessment of obturation technique was done using CBCT. For evaluating quality of obturation and voids in the obturated canals, based on the following criteria given by Coll and Sadrian (1996)was used for CBCT and checked for Under filling ,Optimal filling ,Over filling and Voids. Results: Pastinject showed 90% of optimal filled canals and minimum void. Endodontic pressure syringe showed minimum number of optimum filled canals(20%) Conclusion: Pastinject technique of obturation proved to be the best in terms of optimal filling and less number of voids.
PRIMARY BONE LYMPHOMA OF FEMUR: A CASE REPORT
Authors: Nilima Devi N. , Indibor Singh Y. , Sinam Neeta , Mahawar Rahul
Published: June 2022

Primary Bone Lymphoma (PBL) is a subtype of lymphoma that exclusively affects the skeletal tissue.Primary Bone Diffuse Large B Cell Lymphoma (DLBCL) is the most common pathological type, comprising about 80% of PBL. In this case report, we discuss a patient, a 50-year-old lady who presented with solitary bone lesion, confirmed by biopsy and IHC as DLBCL. She was diagnosed as stage IAE as per WHO staging system. Chemotherapy with R-CHOP for a total of 6 cycles were given followed by IFRT. The patient is under follow up with complete response at present. Being rare case, no randomised study can be taken up for standard treatment protocol. Case to case individualised treatment is done based on stage, histopathological subtype and predictive biomarkers to response. PBL is more common in paediatric population more than the adults.The prevalence of PBL is estimated to be 3-7% amongst all lymphomas in adults.1 WHO classification of soft tissues and bone tumors defined PBL as either single osseous lesions without regional Lymph node involvement , or tumor involvement of multiple osseous sites without associated visceral or Lymph Node disease.2
TEACHING ENGLISH VOCABULARY AND GRAMMAR THROUGH STORIES AT PRIMARY STAGE
Authors:   Assistant Professor Curriculum & Pedagogy (English) DIET, Karkardooma Delhi., a Vandana
Published: June 2022

Story is the best approach to get students of any age group to practise vocabulary and grammar. Furthermore, children do the tasks independently, promoting cooperation among students and teaching students to study for themselves. Its application is critical, given the peculiarities of the pupils and in the formal environment of the classroom. The present paper reflects at how stories are used in primary school English lessons. It instructs the teacher on how to select stories based on the age of the pupils, the materials to use, the classroom layout, and so on. It also gives the teachers with a number of exercises based on the story that may be used to incorporate meaningful learning into the classroom.
FATAL BRAINSTEMISCHEMIC STROKE FOLLOWING A CERASTES CERASTESVIPER BITE: ABOUT A CASE REPORT
Authors:   Department of Critical care and Anesthesiology, MilitaryHospital Instruction Mohammed V of Rabat, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University Mohammed V, Rabat, Morocco., Abdelhafid Houba , Salaheddine Fjouji ,   Department of Critical care and Anesthesiology, MilitaryHospital Instruction Mohammed V of Rabat, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University Mohammed V, Rabat, Morocco., Issam Ennafai ,   Department of Radiology, MilitaryHospital Instruction Mohammed V of Rabat, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University Mohammed V, Rabat, Morocco., Noureddine Kartite ,   Department of Critical care and Anesthesiology, MilitaryHospital Instruction Mohammed V of Rabat, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University Mohammed V, Rabat, Morocco., Nawfal Doghmi ,   Department of Critical care and Anesthesiology, MilitaryHospital Instruction Mohammed V of Rabat, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University Mohammed V, Rabat, Morocco.
Published: June 2022

We report a case of 25 year-old men bitten on herleft foot by Cerastescerastes snake in the MoroccanDesert. This case evolved3 daysafter bite withbrainstemischemicstroke resulting in deathdespiteapplication of polyvalent antivenomtherapy.