bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A STEP IN THE RIGHT DIRECTION OR ADDITIONAL BURDEN FOR WOMEN MARRIED IN TERMS OF ISLAMIC LAW? Women’s Legal Centre Trust v President of the Republic of South Africa [2022] ZACC 23
Authors: Razaana Denson
Published: February 2025

Marriages concluded in terms of Islamic rites have until recently not enjoyed the same legal recognition that is accorded to civil and customary marriages. The non-recognition of Muslim marriages meant that there was no legal regulatory framework to enforce any of the consequences that arise as a result of the marriage. Furthermore, parties to a Muslim marriage were left without adequate legal protection when the marriage was dissolved either by death or divorce. In the absence of legal recognition and regulation of their marriages, Muslims (particularly Muslim women) endured many hardships and challenges. The consequence of non-recognition and non-regulation of Muslim marriages was that the married lives of Muslims remained unpredictable and outside their control. Non-recognition has also effectively meant that although parties to a Muslim marriage regard themselves as married, there has been no legal connection between them. The confirmation judgment of the Constitutional Court in Women’s Legal Centre Trust v President of the Republic of South Africa ([2022] ZACC 23) sought to remedy the dire situation in which parties found themselves when they were married in terms of Islamic law; it provides interim relief for Muslim marriages until such time as the State either enacts legislation or amends existing legislation to grant legal recognition and regulation of Muslim marriages.
Notes on the Political Significance of Songs in Promoting Equality and Maintaining Historical Legacy: Legal Challenges to Hate Speech in Afriforum v Economic Freedom Fighters [2022] ZAGPJHC 599;2022 (6) SA 357 (GJ)
Authors: Radebe Martha Keneilwe
Published: February 2025

Song and music can be a powerful medium through which life is expressed (Adebayo “Vote does not fight’: examining music’s role in fostering non-violent elections in Nigeria” 2017 17 African Journal on Conflict Resolution 55 56). Music influenced most fights towards the struggle for independence in most African countries (Adebayo 2017 African Journal on Conflict Resolution 55 61). This sentiment is evident from the judgment in Afriforum v Economic Freedom Fighters EQ 04/2020) [2022] ZAGPJHC. This case note studies the effect of the importance of singing songs in a democracy and the limitations thereof. History contains numerous examples of how music was used as a tool for political transformation and social revolution (Adebayo 2017 African Journal on Conflict Resolution 55 64). The disadvantage lies in the reality that the singing of songs can, in some instances, feed hatred and lead to dire consequences such as the commission of hate crimes (Adebayo 2017 African Journal on Conflict Resolution 55 64). The Afriforum judgment endorsed a contextual approach to the interpretation of racist speech and whether it can be classified as hate speech.
Döngü methodu ile grafen oksit ve indirgenmiş grafen oksit sentezinin karakterizasyonu
Authors: Karcıoğlu Karakaş Zeynep , Korucu Haluk
Published: February 2025

Hummers methodu ile grafen oksit sentezi ve kimyasal indirgenme metoduyla indirgenmiş grafen oksit sentezi üzerine yapılan çalışmalar, araştırmacıların grafen oksit ve indirgenmiş grafen oksiti çalışmalarında kullanımının artması sebebiyle giderek artmaktadır. Bu çalışmada grafen oksit ve indirgenmiş grafen oksit sentezine farklı bir yaklaşım ele alınmıştır. Çalışmada hummers ve kimyasal indirgenme methodunda döngüsel bir yaklaşım ele alınmıştır. Döngüsel yaklaşımda kimyasal indirgenme aşamasında sodyum bor hidrür kullanımı incelenmiştir. İlk aşamada modifiye hummers metodu kullanılarak grafitten grafen oksit sentezlenmiştir. Sentezlenen grafen oksit, sodyum bor hidrür ile indirgenmiş bu grafen oksit ve indirgenmiş grafen oksit için birinci döngüyü oluşturmuştur. Bu işlem döngü oluşturmak için 4 kez tekrarlanarak döngüler arasındaki farklılıklar gözetilmiştir. Döngüsel yaklaşım ile grafen oksit ve indirgenmiş grafen oksit için belirlenen kalite kriterleri sırası ile D piki yoğunluğunun G piki yoğunluğuna oranı (D/G), yüzey alanı ölçümü (YA-m2/g/), ortalama parçacık boyutu(PB-nm) ve zeta potansiteli (ZP-mv) ve karbonun oksijene atomik oranı (C/O) seçilmiştir. Döngüsel yaklaşımda seçilen kalite kriterlerinden iyi iyileşme oranlarını, D/G için RGO-B2 ile - % 20,69, C/O için GO-B3 ile -%10,15, PB için RGO-B4 ile %63,72, ZP için GO-B2 ile %3,93 ve YA için GO-B3 ile %599,06 sonuçları elde edilmiştir.
Derin öğrenme yöntemleriyle trafik işaretlerinin gerçek zamanlı sınıflandırılması
Authors: Güney Selda , Usanmaz Kemal
Published: February 2025

Günümüzde trafik güvenliği, gelişmiş sürücü destek sistemlerini (ADAS) önemli ölçüde etkilenmektedir. Sürücüler için önemli bilgiler taşıyan trafik işaretleri çoğu zaman sürücüler tarafından fark edilemez ve bunun sonucunda da çeşitli kazalar meydana gelir. Bu sebeplerle ADAS’ın içinde yer alan trafik işaretlerini algılayan ve sınıflandıran sistemler mevcuttur. Derin öğrenme teknikleri, özellikle de konvolüsyonel sinir ağları üzerinde yapılan çalışmalar, bu alanda önemli ilerlemelere yol açmıştır. Son yıllarda ResNet50, GoogleNet, SqueezNet ve AlexNet gibi birçok derin öğrenme algoritmaları, trafik işaretlerini daha doğru bir şekilde sınıflandırmaya yardımcı olmak için kullanılmıştır; ancak bu algoritmaların gerçek zamanlı bir sistemde iyi bir performans gösterebileceği konusu tartışmalıdır. Bu çalışmada derin öğrenme algoritmaları transfer öğrenim metodu ile kullanılarak sınıflandırma işlemleri gerçekleştirilmiş ve bu algoritmaların gerçek zamanlı bir sistemde performansları test edilmiştir. Bu çalışmada veri seti olarak, 43 sınıftan oluşan ve 39209 trafik işareti görüntüsü içeren German Traffic Sign Recognition Benchmark (GTSRB) kullanılmıştır. Öncelikle bu algoritmaların hiper parametreleri sistematik bir yöntemle belirlenmiştir. Daha sonra tasarlanan bir kullanıcı arayüzüyle gerçek zamanlı deneyler yapılmıştır. Çalışmada kullanılan mimarilerden ResNet50, %93,49 doğruluk oranı ile gerçek zamanlı bir sistemde en iyi performansı verdiği gözlemlenmiştir. Sonuçta, ResNet50 derin öğrenme algoritması, trafik işaretinin gerçek zamanlı bir sistemde algılanması alanındaki ileri çalışmalar için değerlendirilebilir.
Yenilenebilir enerji kaynakları ve depolama birimlerinden oluşan, şebeke bağlantılı bir dağıtım şebekesinin çok amaçlı gün öncesi optimum enerji planlaması
Authors: Çevik Bektaş Sibel , Altaş İsmail
Published: February 2025

Güç sistemlerinin üretim-tüketim dengesini sağlayarak kararlı bir şekilde işletilmesi enerji üretim ve tüketiminin gün öncesinden planlamasına dayanır. Etkili bir gün öncesi planlama stratejisi elektrik şebekesinin ekonomik, verimli ve güvenilir bir şekilde yönetilmesine olanak sağlar. Ayrıca, gün öncesinden yapılan planlama ile elde edilen operasyon planı gün içinde yapılacak planlama için de referans sağlamaktadır. Bu çalışmanın amacı yenilenebilir enerji kaynakları ve enerji depolama ünitesine sahip şebeke bağlantılı 5 baralı bir dağıtık üretim test sisteminde gün öncesi optimum enerji planlaması veya kullanım programlaması problemine çözüm sunan optimal pareto çözümlerin araştırılmasıdır. Çalışmada şebeke işletme maliyeti ve aktif güç kaybını en aza indirilmeyi amaçlayan çok amaçlı bir fonksiyon tanımlanmıştır. Bu tanımda, üretim birimleri ile şebeke kısıtları da dikkate alınmıştır. Çok amaçlı ve çok kısıtlı bu problemin çözümü için sabit ağırlık katsayılı çok amaçlı simbiyotik organizmalar arama (ÇASOS) algoritması önerilmiştir. Önerilen bu algoritmanın performansı çok amaçlı parçacık sürü optimizasyon (ÇAPSO) algoritması ile karşılaştırılmıştır. Elde edilen sonuçlardan, önerilen ÇASOS algoritmasının ÇAPSO algoritmasına göre daha iyi sonuçlar verdiği görülmüştür.
Hastane hizmet kalitesinin bulanık swara ve bulanık fucom yöntemlerine dayalı olarak değerlendirilmesine yönelik model önerisi
Authors: Karaca Memiş , Demirtaş Özgür , Delice Yılmaz
Published: February 2025

Hizmetlerin kalite değerlendirmesi her geçen gün zorlaşsa da hem işletmeler hem de bireyler için oldukça önem arz eden konuların başında yer almaktadır. Bu durum hastanelerin artan rekabet şartları içinde daha dikkatli ve ehemmiyetli adımlar atması gerekliliğini ortaya çıkarmıştır. Bu dikkatlilik ve ehemmiyetliliğin en temel ölçeği sağlık hizmetlerinde kalite olgusu olarak karşımıza çıkmaktadır. Sağlık alanında sürekli değişimler yaşanmasına rağmen sağlık hizmetlerinin kalitesinin ne olduğu, olacağı ve nasıl değerlendirileceği meselesinin her dönemin konusu olacağı düşünülmektedir. Bu çalışmada hastane hizmet kalitesinin Bulanık SWARA ve Bulanık FUCOM yöntemlerine dayalı olarak değerlendirilmesine yönelik model önerisi yapılması amaçlanmıştır. Bu kapsamda, literatür taraması ve alanında uzman sağlık personelleri ile belirlenen hastane hizmet kalitesine etki eden kriterlere ait önem ağırlıklarının Bulanık SWARA ve Bulanık FUCOM yöntemleri ile hesaplanması ve karşılaştırılması yapılmıştır. Bulanık SWARA yöntemine göre yapılan analizde ana kriterler açısından en önemli kriter ekipman ve tesisler olurken, bulanık FUCOM yöntemi ile yapılan analizde güvence kriterinin en önemli kriter olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Bulanık SWARA yöntemine göre alt kriterler nezdinde en önemli kriterler; temizlik ve hijyen, doğruluk, gizlilik, iletişim, deneyim, teşhis ve tedavi için gerekli donanımlar ve randevu veya muayene sırası alma kolaylığı olduğu tespit edilirken Bulanık FUCOM yöntemine göre alt kriterler nezdinde en önemli kriterlerin; temizlik ve hijyen, doğruluk, gizlilik, yardımseverlik, farklı tıbbi branşların varlığı, tıbbi ekipman ve randevu veya muayene sırası alma kolaylığı olduğu tespit edilmiştir.
Coal Petrography and Rock-Eval Pyrolysis of Coals of Barakar Formation of Kothagudem and Godavari Sub-Basins, Pranhita-Godavari Basin, India: Implication to Depositional Environment
Authors: Gogoi Kakoli , Kiran S.
Published: February 2025

Understanding the depositional environment of coals is crucial for determining the geological history and potential resource assessment. This study employs coal petrography and Rock-Eval pyrolysis to analyse the coals of the Barakar Formation in the Kothagudem and Godavari Sub-Basins, within the Pranhita-Godavari Basin, India. By interpreting the organic composition and thermal maturity of these coals, this study aims to provide valuable insights into their depositional conditions and hydrocarbon potential. The physicochemical and reflectance (0.30% and 0.44%) investigations indicate that the coal samples are sub-bituminous and of low rank. In the Kothagudem and Godavari sub-basins, vitrinite (26.7–70.6%) is the predominant maceral, followed by liptinite (10.7–14.7%) and inertinite (5.3–30.0%). The materials have a high total organic carbon (TOC) content (43.37 to 68.43%) and the capacity to generate hydrocarbons, as indicated by the results of Rock-Eval pyrolysis and analysis. Tmax interpretations (415°C to 427°C) suggest that the samples are primarily immature for oil production. The type II and type III kerogens that make up the majority of the coals in the sub-basins are produced mostly by terrestrial plants, which are the main source of organic matter. This kerogen is typically gas-prone and has minimal potential for oil generation. However, the primary phase was wet moor with intermittent moderate to severe floods and a few alternative dry spells that resulted in oxic and anoxic moor conditions.
Utilizing Deep Learning and Machine Vision in Tunneling: Classifying Rock Bodies, Assessing Perimeter Rock Quality, and Analyzing Groundwater Distribution
Authors: Lv Bo , Sun Tao , Yu Shenglan , Lu Jiaxin , Zhao Wenli
Published: February 2025

As a crucial component of using subterranean space, tunnel engineering faces several difficulties with groundwater distribution analysis, rock quality assessment, and classifying rock masses. This work attempts to increase the precision of surrounding rock quality evaluation, the accuracy of rock structure classification, and the quantitative characterization of groundwater distribution in tunnel engineering by merging machine vision and deep learning approaches. Initially, we utilized the deep learning model Inception-ResNet-V2 to solve the challenge of classifying rock structures by automatically identifying and categorizing visible patterns in the rock body. The findings demonstrate that, when comparing alternative approaches, the Inception-ResNet-V2 model performs best when it comes to classifying samples of varied rock body structures. Second, we provide an integrated machine learning approach based on multi-source heterogeneous data to forecast enclosing rock categorization for the problem of enclosing rock quality evaluation. An accurate evaluation of the surrounding rock quality is attained by using the gradient boosted regression tree (GBRT) model in conjunction with the Bayesian optimization approach to optimize the hyperparameters. Lastly, we used DeepLabV3+, a deep learning semantic segmentation technique, to solve the groundwater distribution analysis problem and quantitatively quantify the groundwater distribution in the tunnel working face. The DeepLabV3+ model has good accuracy and stability in classifying groundwater flow patterns, as demonstrated by the experimental findings.
Targeted LC‒MS metabolomics analyses v1
Authors: Jose Perez J. Maria
Published: February 2025

Targeted LC‒MS metabolomics analyses
Nuclear senescence scoring v1
Authors: Jose Perez J. Maria
Published: February 2025

Nuclear senescence scoring
Bulk RNA-seq and data analysis v1
Authors: Jose Perez J. Maria
Published: February 2025

Bulk RNA-seq and data analysis
Zhang, Y. et al (2025) - An axonal brake on striatal dopamine output by cholinergic interneurons v1
Authors: Zhang Yan-Feng , J Cragg Stephanie
Published: February 2025

This collection contains seven protocols detailing methods used in Zhang, Y. et al. (2025) An axonal brake on striatal dopamine output by cholinergic interneurons.
qPCR assay for detecting Triturus cristatus v1
Authors: Eiler Alexander , Osman Omneya
Published: February 2025

eDNA assay to detect great crested newt Triturus cristatus
Detection of marbled crayfishProcambarus fallax v1
Authors: Eiler Alexander , Stensrud Eivind , Osman Omneya
Published: February 2025

Taqman QPCR assay for marbled crayfish Procambarus fallax
α-synuclein PFF treatment v1
Authors: Jose Perez J. Maria , Bertoli Federico
Published: February 2025

α-synuclein PFF treatment
Mitochondrial isolation v1
Authors: Jose Perez J. Maria
Published: February 2025

Mitochondrial isolation
Assessment of ICT tool usage in teaching Chemistry among secondary school teachers
Authors: Oyeniyi Nafisat Oyebola , Ahmed Tawa Abiola , Abdulkareem Habibat Bolanle
Published: February 2025

The study explored the availability and utilization of ICT tools for chemistry teaching in Offa Local Government Area (LGA) of Kwara State. The study employed a descriptive survey research design. Purposive sampling was adopted to choose twenty-one chemistry teachers from sixteen public senior secondary schools and five private senior secondary schools in Offa LGA for the study. The tool employed to obtain the data was a questionnaire that the researcher designed. The instrument was face-validated by senior lecturers in scientific education and Pearson's Product Moment Correlation Coefficient (PPMC). The study found that the minimal ICT resources available were only moderately used to teach chemistry and that public and private schools in Offa LGA, Kwara State, have some ICT resources. It was suggested that the government give sufficient ICT resources to public schools and that private school owners supply sufficient ICT resources to their schools. It was also suggested that chemistry teachers use ICT resources when instructing Chemistry. AbstrakPenelitian ini meneliti ketersediaan dan pemanfaatan perangkat TIK untuk pengajaran kimia di Offa Local Government Area (LGA) di Negara Bagian Kwara. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain penelitian survei deskriptif. Pengambilan sampel secara sengaja dilakukan untuk memilih dua puluh satu guru kimia dari enam belas sekolah menengah atas negeri dan lima sekolah menengah atas swasta di Offa LGA untuk penelitian ini. Perangkat yang digunakan untuk memperoleh data adalah kuesioner yang dirancang oleh peneliti. Instrumen tersebut divalidasi oleh dosen senior dalam pendidikan sains dan Product Moment Correlation Coefficient (PPMC). Penelitian ini menemukan bahwa sumber daya TIK minimal yang tersedia hanya digunakan secara moderat untuk mengajar kimia dan bahwa sekolah negeri dan swasta di Offa LGA, Negara Bagian Kwara memiliki beberapa sumber daya TIK. Di antara hal-hal lain, disarankan agar pemerintah memberikan sumber daya TIK yang cukup untuk sekolah negeri dan agar pemilik sekolah swasta menyediakan sumber daya TIK yang cukup untuk sekolah mereka. Disarankan juga agar guru kimia memanfaatkan sumber daya TIK yang dapat diakses dengan baik saat mengajar Kimia.Kata Kunci: asesmen guru; guru kimia; pemanfaatan TIK; perangkat TIK
Implementation of the hidden curriculum in the formation of the religious character of students
Authors: Fitria Ulfa , Khalimah Nur
Published: February 2025

The educational curriculum applied in Islamic boarding schools to educate students' character is limited to using a written curriculum system and a hidden curriculum applied in teaching activities at Islamic boarding schools. This study aims to explain the hidden curriculum policy (hidden curriculum in the Darussalam Blokagung Banyuwangi Islamic boarding school). This study uses a qualitative descriptive method, which emphasizes field observation. This method aims to obtain complete and in-depth information by collecting data through observations, interviews, and documentation. As a result of this study, the researcher found that the hidden curriculum applied at the Darussalam Blokagung Islamic boarding school has been implemented since the founders of the Islamic boarding school, namely KH. Mukhtar Syafa'at Abdul Ghofur. The hidden curriculum implemented includes congregational prayers, madrasah diniyah, istighosah, study sessions of the Ihya’ Ulumiddin book, Quran learning using the Yanbu’a method, monthly Ahad Legi gatherings, and weekly ro’an activities every Friday. This research contributes to uncovering the role of the hidden curriculum as an effective strategy for character development in Islamic boarding schools. It provides a reference for other educational institutions to integrate similar practices into their teaching systems. AbstrakKurikulum pendidikan yang diterapkan di pondok pesantren dalam mendidik karakter santri tidak hanya sebatas menggunakan sistem kurikulum yang tertulis saja, ada pula kurikulum tersembunyi yang diterapkan dalam proses kegiatan pengajaran di pondok pesantren. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menjelaskan mengenai kebijakan hidden curriculum (kurikulum tersembunyi yang ada di Pondok Pesantren Darussalam Blokagung Banyuwangi). Penelitian ini menggunakan metode deskriptif kualitatif, yang menekankan observasi lapangan. Tujuan dari metode ini adalah untuk mendapatkan informasi yang lengkap dan mendalam dengan pengumpulan data berupa observasi, wawancara dan dokumentasi. Penelitian ini menemukan bahwa hidden curriculum yang diterapkan di pondok Pesantren Darussalam Blokagung sudah dilaksanakan sejak zaman pendiri pondok pesantren sendiri, yaitu KH. Mukhtar Syafa’at Abdul Ghofur. Hidden curriculum yang diterapkan meliputi sholat berjamaah, madrasah diniyah, istighosah, pengajian kitab Ihya’ Ulumiddin, pembelajaran Al-Qur'an dengan metode Yanbu’a, pengajian rutin bulanan Ahad Legi, serta kegiatan ro’an santri setiap Jumat. Penelitian ini berkontribusi dalam mengungkap peran hidden curriculum sebagai strategi efektif dalam pembentukan karakter santri di pondok pesantren, serta memberikan referensi bagi institusi pendidikan lain untuk mengintegrasikan praktik serupa dalam sistem pengajarannya.Kata Kunci: hidden curriculum; karakter religius; santri
Duolingo in English education: Evidence-based perspectives on learning outcomes
Authors: Fitriani F.
Published: February 2025

The proliferation of Mobile-Assisted Language Learning (MALL) applications has reshaped the landscape of language education, with platforms like Duolingo making language learning more accessible, engaging, and flexible. This study systematically reviews 20 research articles to evaluate Duolingo’s effectiveness in fostering language proficiency, with a focus on vocabulary acquisition, reading comprehension, speaking, listening, and writing skills. The findings indicate that Duolingo is particularly effective at building foundational vocabulary and supporting beginner-level reading and listening comprehension through gamified and personalized learning features. Duolingo’s gamified elements enhance engagement and promote consistent practice, but the platform’s lack of interactive, real-time communication restricts its ability to develop higher-order language skills. This study underscores the complementary role of digital tools like Duolingo within language curricula, particularly in blended or hybrid learning models, where mobile learning can support vocabulary retention and independent study. Findings from this study contribute to the ongoing discourse on the role of MALL in language acquisition, offering practical insights for educators and policymakers considering digital integration in language programs. AbstrakProliferasi aplikasi pembelajaran bahasa berbasis perangkat seluler (Mobile-Assisted Language Learning/MALL) telah mengubah lanskap pendidikan bahasa, dengan platform seperti Duolingo yang membuat pembelajaran bahasa menjadi lebih mudah diakses, menarik, dan fleksibel. Studi ini secara sistematis mengulas 20 artikel penelitian untuk mengevaluasi efektivitas Duolingo dalam meningkatkan kemahiran bahasa, terutama pada aspek kosakata, membaca, berbicara, mendengarkan, dan menulis. Temuan menunjukkan bahwa Duolingo sangat efektif dalam membangun kosakata dasar dan mendukung pemahaman membaca dan mendengarkan pada tingkat pemula melalui fitur pembelajaran yang digamifikasi dan dipersonalisasi. Elemen gamifikasi di Duolingo meningkatkan keterlibatan dan mendorong praktik yang konsisten, kurangnya interaksi waktu nyata membatasi pengembangan keterampilan bahasa tingkat lanjut. Studi ini menekankan peran pelengkap alat digital seperti Duolingo dalam kurikulum bahasa, terutama dalam model pembelajaran campuran atau hybrid, di mana pembelajaran seluler dapat mendukung retensi kosakata dan pembelajaran mandiri. Temuan dari studi ini berkontribusi pada wacana berkelanjutan tentang peran MALL dalam perolehan bahasa, serta menawarkan wawasan praktis bagi pendidik dan pembuat kebijakan yang mempertimbangkan integrasi digital dalam program bahasa.Kata Kunci: Duolingo; keterampilan bahasa Inggris; pembelajaran bahasa dengan bantuan ponsel
Light Intensity Distribution in the Room Using Light Dependent Resistor: Through the Engineering Design Process
Authors: Susilawati Aay , Kustiawan Iwan , Rochintaniawati Diana , Hasanah Lilik , Lim Yuto
Published: February 2025

This paper aims to determine the distribution of light intensity values in a room at a certain time using a Light Dependent Resistor (LDR) sensor by comparing the light intensity and sensitivity of the LDR in conditions of changing dark to light in the room. The distribution of light intensity is measured using a light sensor assisted by Arduino application, the results of the average light intensity value when changing from dark to light conditions will automate the lights to turn on and off. Thus, it is hoped that it can save electricity. This experiment was integrated with the engineering design process through the following stages: 1) Identification of the problem, 2) Discussion of problem-solving, 3) Designing, 4) Creating, redesigning, and evaluation tests, and 5) Sharing solutions. Indoor light intensity measurements were carried out for 7 days, from 00.00, to once every 3 hours the distribution of the light intensity values read was checked. The research results provide new findings that the average distribution of light when changing from dark to light at 05.36 - 05.37 indoors shows a value of 105-135 lx, while from light to dark at 18.07 - 18.08 shows a value of 75 - 88 lux. These results can be used in further research to determine values that can be input into coding to control LDR sensor automation in product development.
EVALUACIÓN DE LAS PROPIEDADES DE ESPUMAS CERÁMICAS DE CARBONATO DE CALCIO REFORZADO CON ALÚMINA PARA LA REGENERACIÓN DE TEJIDO ÓSEO
Authors:   Universidad de Antioquia, Ortiz Tobón Manuela , Bohórquez Durango Yesenia ,   Universidad de Antioquia, Parra Sánchez Viviana María ,   Universidad de Antioquia, Loaiza Vidales Cristian Alejandro ,   Universidad de Antioquia
Published: February 2025

En la búsqueda de materiales biocompatibles y resistentes para la regeneración de tejidos óseos, los scaffolds se presentan como una solución viable. Diseñados para favorecer el crecimiento de nuevo tejido óseo alrededor y dentro de ellos. Estos materiales requieren propiedades clave como biocompatibilidad, biodegradabilidad y resistencia mecánica. El carbonato de calcio, conocido por su biocompatibilidad y biodegradabilidad, es un material prometedor, pero con limitaciones en resistencia mecánica. Para mejorar esta característica, se propone su refuerzo con alúmina, material biocompatible, inerte y de alta resistencia mecánica.

Este estudio emplea dos métodos para la creación de scaffolds: prensado con cloruro de sodio como agente porógeno y pasta cerámica con aglomerante PVA. Se fabricaron scaffolds de carbonato de calcio y de carbonato de calcio reforzado con alúmina en proporciones del 5, 15 y 25 % en peso. Ambos métodos demostraron cumplir con los criterios necesarios para la regeneración de tejidos óseos.

Se logró obtener poros interconectados, un aspecto crucial que facilita el tránsito celular a través de una red continua. Esta interconexión es esencial, ya que, sin ella, los poros individuales no serían viables para la difusión celular, lo cual se confirmó mediante la técnica de Microscopía Electrónica de Barrido (SEM). Además, el porcentaje de porosidad y su tamaño cumplen con los requisitos establecidos para la restauración de tejidos óseos, como lo indica la alta desviación estándar, que sugiere un adecuado tamaño de poro. Los resultados también revelaron que la porosidad en las muestras con alúmina tiende a estabilizarse alrededor del 35% en área. La alúmina puede formar un marco estructural que respalda la formación de poros, pero al mismo tiempo limita su crecimiento más allá de cierto punto, lo que estabiliza la porosidad y mejora la integridad estructural de los scaffolds.
EFECTO EN LA ADICIÓN DE POLVO DE VIDRIO RECICLADO SOBRE LAS PROPIEDADES EN EL DISEÑO DE PASTAS CERÁMICAS DE ARCILLA TIPO GRES PORCELÁNICO
Authors:   Universidad de Antioquia, De los Ríos Giraldo Daniela , Palacio Muñoz Verónica ,   Universidad de Antioquia, Bermúdez Vanegas Juliana ,   Universidad de Antioquia
Published: February 2025

Este estudio tuvo como objetivo evaluar la viabilidad de utilizar polvo de vidrio reciclado en mezclas con arcilla tipo gres utilizada en la industria cerámica. Se llevo a cabo un proceso que incluyo el diseño de pastas cerámicas y el análisis de los efectos en la incorporación de vidrio reciclado en la mezcla, para lo cual se realizaron pruebas de contracción, de absorción, de densidad, termogravimétricas y de plasticidad. Los resultados mostraron aumentos en la densidad de la mezclas respecto a la arcilla gres utilizada como estándar, así como disminuciones en la porosidad y plasticidad.
The role of innate and adaptive immunity in Wallerian degeneration in peripheral nerve crush injury
Authors: Besin V. , Naesilla N.
Published: February 2025

Some trauma patients develop peripheral nerve injury due to crush injuries resulting from severe trauma and blunt force. Recovery from peripheral nerve injuries is frequently inadequate and requires months or even years. This recovery process is associated with both the innate immune system, comprised of Schwann cells, neutrophils, and macrophages and the adaptive immune system. Prior to the regeneration process, the two immune systems work collaboratively to eliminate myelin and axon protein debris in Wallerian degeneration.
Immediate outcomes of using tubular retractors in surgery of deep brain lesions
Authors: Ostapyuk M. V. , Kravets L. Ya. , Yashin K. S. , Bokov A. E. , Medyanik I. A.
Published: February 2025

Background. Resection of deep-seated space-occupying brain lesions is traditionally associated with a triad of problems: retraction injury, limited radicality, and risks of augmentation of neurologic symptoms. Port-assisted or tubular surgery has been recently gaining popularity as its goal is to minimize these risks. Therefore, it is necessary to evaluate its effectiveness and compare it to the traditional interventions.

   Aim. To perform comparative analysis of the immediate outcomes of traditional and port-assisted surgery of deep-seated space-occupying brain lesions.

   Materials and methods. The results of resection of deep-seated space-occupying brain lesions in 61 patients (31 men and 30 women) including 36 patients with diffuse glial tumors and 25 patients with nodular lesions were retrospectively analyzed. Among them, 35 patients were operated on using the traditional technique with spatulas (1st group), 26 patients – using tubular retractors, port-assistance (2nd group). Evaluation and comparison of radicality and neurologic outcomes in these patient groups, as well as differentiation of possible factors of unfavorable outcomes were performed.

   Results. Radicality of glial tumor resection per the total / subtotal / partial grading in the 1st group was 0, 50 and 50 %; in the 2nd group, 21.4; 35.7 and 42.9 %. Total resection of nodular lesions in the 1st group was achieved in 76.9 % of cases; in the 2nd group, in 91.7 %. Clinical deterioration was observed in 13 (37.1 %) patients of the 1st group and 4 (15.4 %) patients of the 2nd group, but it was mostly transient. Compared to traditional surgery, the use of tubular retractors allowed to achieve significantly smaller trephination size (13.2 ± 4.6 cm2 versus 22.7 ± 7.8 cm2) and decrease postoperative in-hospital period (3 [3; 5] days versus 12 [6; 16] days).

   Conclusion. The use of port-assistance in surgery of deep-seated space-occupying brain lesions is preferential to traditional surgery in terms of higher radicality for similar size and histology of lesions and lower rate of neurologic complications without imposition of additional constraints.
Experience using temozolomide in the treatment of aggressive pituitary adenomas
Authors: Kalinin P. L. , Astafyeva L. I. , Chernov I. V. , Kobyakov G. L. , Fomichev D. V. , Trunin Yu. Yu.
Published: February 2025

Background. The term “aggressive pituitary adenoma” arose as a result of transforming the term “atypical pituitary adenoma”, which was used in WHO classification for pituitary adenomas with specifications of higher labeling index Ki-67 (≥3 %) and increased number of mitoses with expression of the p53 proteins. However, not all tumors with these features were aggressive, and currently, according to the European Society of Endocrinology Clinical Practice Guideline for the management of aggressive pituitary tumors and carcinomas (2018), aggressive pituitary tumors are labeled as tumors that have invasive and unusually rapid or clinically significant growth which occurs despite the use of standard treatment protocols (pharmacological, surgical and radiation). Till date, there are numerous papers in literature describing various schemes and indications for the use of temozolomide. The efficiency of ongoing therapy, according to different authors, varies from 29 to 81 %, with an average effectiveness ranging between 40–45 %.

   Aim. To present our own experience of using temozolomide in the treatment of patients with aggressive pituitary tumors.

   Materials and methods. Three patients were included in the study, one male (45 years old) and 2 females (61 and 29 years old). All three patients included in the study first underwent surgical resection followed by radiation therapy if no response / hormonal activity didn’t resume. The decision to start temozolomide protocol was held by concerned medical commission under supervision of local ethical committee.

   Results. All patients responded well to temozolomide therapy with decrease in the size of tumor and decrease in levels of prolactin in cases of prolactinoma.

   Conclusion. The most important step in treating patients with aggressive pituitary adenomas is their early diagnosis, which could be possible only if the specific identifying markers of aggressiveness were found, which unfortunately are not found yet.
Intraoperative neurophysiological monitoring of facial nerve in vestibular schwannoma surgery: experience of the Burnasian Federal Medical Biophysical Center
Authors: Kovalev V. V. , Semenov M. S. , Tsymbal I. V. , Brilʼ E. V. , Lepsveridze L. T. , Isaev K. O.
Published: February 2025

Background. Large vestibular schwannomas can not only change the anatomy and structure of the facial nerve in the process of growth, but also encapsulate it over a considerable length. Despite the development of modern neurosurgical techniques and achievements in the field of microscopy, it is often impossible to avoid damage to its integrity during the separation of the facial nerve, which is associated with the development of paresis of the facial muscles in the postoperative period. The use of intraoperative neurophysiological monitoring in surgery for vestibular schwannomas pursues the following tasks: identification of neural structures, timely detection of signs of their damage, and prevention of iatrogenic neurological deficit.

   Aim. To analyze the results of microsurgical removal of vestibular schwannomas using intraoperative neurophysiological monitoring.

   Materials and methods. A series of clinical cases of patients who underwent microsurgical removal of sporadic vestibular schwannomas using suboccipital retrosigmoid transmeatal access under the control of multimodal intraoperative neurophysiological monitoring is presented. Neurological assessment of the facial nerve function was carried out in the early postoperative period and 3 months after surgical treatment using the House–Brackmann scale.

   Results. Postoperative results of surgical treatment were collected in 11 patients. According to the results of the neurological assessment in the early postoperative period, the result was regarded as successful in 5 cases, satisfactory in 3 cases, and poor in 3 cases (grade V on the House–Brackmann scale). The use of direct monopolar stimulation technique made it possible to identify the location and course of the facial nerve with high accuracy in all patients. In 2 cases, the tumor was resected subtotally due to the appearance of neurophysiological predictors of facial nerve dysfunction.

   Conclusion. The use of multimodal neurophysiological monitoring when removing large vestibular schwannomas can make surgical treatment more controllable and thus indirectly affect functional outcomes.
FRANCISCO FRANCO: EXPERIENCE OF CULTURAL AND SOCIOSYSTEMOLOGICAL IDENTIFICATION OF THE HIGHEST VALUE IDENTITIES OF THE DICTATOR (PART1)
Authors:   Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Kyiv, Ukraine, ROMANENKO Yuriy
Published: February 2025

B a c k g r o u n d. This article is a continuation of a series of articles devoted to dictators and despots, whose biographies are studied in the context of cultural and socio-systemological and visual analytical approaches. Visual-analytical profiling associated with the study of bodily-morphotypic, physiognomic, non-verbal-communicative, symbolic-spatial features of the subject is an empirical continuation andtool for empirical validation of cultural and sociosystemological research of higher value, meso-communitarian and microcommunitarian identities.The Spanish dictator Franco, like any other representative of a specific ethnosociety, had his own set of value identities, which were the result ofselective and/or indiscriminate internalization of the meanings of Spanish imperial culture, the system of stratification of the Spanish class society and its military class inparticular, a social character formed at the junction of Latin-Catholic and Arab-Islamic culture. Its set of value identities includes Catholic traditionalism, its corresponding military-type cratocentrism as the basis of the world order in philosophicalidentities, clerical nationalism with supra-estate and supra-class dictatorship in ideological identities, accommodativeism/ethical probabilism and political Machiavellianism in ethics and morality, legalistic relativism in legal identities, reducing the understanding of art as a tool of propaganda in artificial identities.M e t h o d s .The following methods were used in the article: the method ofqualitative identification of value identities, used in visual analytics and cultural and social systemology.R e s ul t s. Value identities of Francisco Franco. Franco's biographical context presents enculturation actors oriented toward Catholicism and Catholic values. This certainly contributed to the formation of a set of value identities corresponding to the axiosphereof Christianity with accompanying mental qualities.C o n c l u s i o n s. The recursionin Franco's philosophical identities of Christianity as a religion corresponded to spiritualistic holism. The totalitarian regime he created (Spanish Francoism) became one of the most durable in Europebecause it maintained structural continuity with boththe monarchy and democratic projects.This was facilitated,among other things, by Franco's understanding of the boundaries of his time, the exit from which implied his voluntary, conscious departure and the transfer of power to a successor from the royaldynasty,Juan Carlos. The holistic version of dictatorship,which at the final stage of its development smoothly and painlessly transformed into a legal, democratic state, avoiding both the forced imposition of democratic orders by external forces and internal cataclysms, should be considered consistent with both the religious and philosophical identities described above.
Fedir Schmit and the Study of Byzantine Art: The Kharkiv Years
Authors:   V. N. Karazin Kharkiv National University, Kharkiv, Ukraine, Domanovska Maryna , Kurushina Maryna ,   V. N. Karazin Kharkiv National University, Kharkiv, Ukraine
Published: February 2025

The aim of the study is to draw additional attention to the academic legacy of Fedir Shmit, a specialist in the history of Byzantine and Rus’-Ukrainian art, historic preservation, and museum studies and theorist of art, as well as to offer a Ukrainian translation with commentary of his article on the Ravenna mosaics of 1112, which appeared in 1914 in No. 7 of the Lantern magazine.

Research methodology. The work uses the descriptive, comparative-historical, and biographical methods, as well as the method of philological commentary.

The results. The study presents a Ukrainian translation of a research paper by Fedir Shmit that sheds light on the question of whether the early 12th-century Italian mosaics in Ravenna belong to the Byzantine tradition. The introduction to the translation focuses on Shmit's development as a scholar of Byzantium, clarifies a number of facts from his biography, and briefly surveys recent scholarship on Shmit’s work. The study as a whole contributes to the continuing efforts on the part of today’s researchers to render in Ukrainian Shmit’s influential work in Byzantine studies and art history.

Conclusions. The academic output of Fedir Shmit has not lost its significance and relevance. The ‘Kharkiv period’ of his career was highly productive for Shmit as a specialist in the history of Byzantine art and museum studies; his works published during this time meet even today’s academic standards. One such still-important piece of scholarship is the article “The Ravenna Mosaics of 1112”, presented here in a Ukrainian translation.

The Ravenna mosaics of 1112 Schmitt considered the subject of the study of the history of Byzantine art, probably sharing the views of Nykodim Kondakov about the significance of Byzantine influence and his constant presence in Italian art during the Middle Ages and early Renaissance. This statement generally does not contradict modern research tradition.
STUDY OF IQ LEVEL WITH RAVEN PROGRESSIVE MATRIXES IN CHILDREN WITH CONGENITAL HEART DEFECTS
Authors: Rumiantseva Alexandra A. , Kameneva Veronika A.
Published: February 2025

Highlights

Characteristics of IQ level in children with congenital heart disease are presented. The results of a study of IQ levels in children using Raven's progressive matrices are described.

 

Aim. The level of IQ assessment in children with congenital heart disease in the preoperative period.

Methods. A prospective IQ level was conducted using Raven's progressive matrices in children aged 8–14 years with septal congenital heart defects in the preoperative period on the basis of the Research Institute of Complex Problems of Cardiovascular Diseases.

Results. Among the 70 children included in this study, 22 patients had a documented ventricular septal defect, and 48 had a secondary type of atrial septal defect. According to the IQ test conducted using Raven's progressive matrices, it was revealed that the majority of children had average and below average intelligence (56% and 28%, respectively), and the weakest score in the use of “extraordinary intelligence” was noted in only 16% of cases. It should be noted that “highly developed intelligence” and “defective intellectual abilities” were not identified in any of the patients. Using logistic regression, predictive factors influencing the low IQ level in patients with congenital heart disease were identified, which were: a stable family history, heart failure clinic and comorbid background.

Conclusion. It is necessary to take into account studies of cognitive diseases in domestic children with congenital heart disease to adjust the correction already at the stage of preoperative preparation.
Correlation between Legal Institutions of Patent Law and Regulation of Medicinal Products Circulation
Authors: Latyntsev A. V.
Published: February 2025

Due to the specifics of the industry, pharmaceuticals belongs to one of the areas where patent protection of the results of intellectual activity is most in demand and has received the greatest development. However, patent law and legal regulation of the circulation of medicines are developing in fact in parallel, which raises many questions in practice. The paper examines the problems of incoordination of these areas of law, in particular on issues of terminology, specifies the points of intersection between the legal mechanisms established in them. The author elucidates the features of prolongation of patent protection of the invention relating to the drug as a product, as well as the relationship of this prolongation with the state registration of the drug under consideration. Particular attention is paid to discussion issues on the advisability of introducing into the Russian legal system the so-called patent linkage and the Bolar provisions in the legal regulation of the circulation of medicines commonly applied in foreign law. The author makes proposals on the basis of an analysis of judicial practice, foreign and domestic experience in finding a legal compromise between the interests of generic companies and patent holders — manufacturers of original drugs — to facilitate appropriate changes to Russian law.
Electronic Form of Real Estate Transactions: Problems of Law Enforcement in the Context of Digitalization
Authors: Vasilevskaya L. Ju.
Published: February 2025

Based on the basic principles of the science of civil law, the author analyzes the features of the electronic form of transactions and the problems of electronic interaction between the parties to the agreement on the alienation of real estate. The issues of using various types of electronic signatures when making real estate transactions are considered. The norms on the creation and issuance of certificates of electronic signature verification keys, about the certification centers and their powers in the Law on Electronic Signature are analyzed. The problems of using online services for the purchase and sale of real estate are revealed, as well as possible risks of loss of confidential information and illegal alienation of real estate. It is concluded that it is necessary to create a legal mechanism for the participation of credit institutions in real estate turnover and establish strict rules for remote real estate transactions.
The Islamic Concept of Human Rights: An Attempt to Combine Sharia with Universal Standards
Authors: Varlamova N. V.
Published: February 2025

The Islamic concept of human rights is a peculiar response to their secular interpretations, primarily expressed in international legal documents, and is designed to justify the admissibility of human rights, to a greater or lesser extent, based on the requirements of the Sharia. These ideas are clearly expressed in Islamic declarations of human rights. Although Islamic jurists claim that they merely supplement the Universal Declaration of Human Rights, taking into account the religious and cultural specifics of Muslim countries, the coincidence of the wording of the rights proclaimed should not mislead, as it hides differences at the level of principled approaches. Human rights in Islam are considered not only as derived from the will of Allah, to which a Muslim is fully subordinated, but also as called to fulfill the “Islamic function”, i.e. their realization is allowed only if it is aimed at preserving and strengthening the foundations of Islam.
Problems of Classification of Non-Residential Premises
Authors: Gdlyan A. T.
Published: February 2025

The need to classify non-residential premises is due to the need to develop effective legal regulation of property relations, the object of which they are. The Civil Code of the Russian Federation links the specifics of the exercise of rights to non-residential premises with their intended purpose. In this connection, the need to identify possible grounds for classifying types of non-residential premises in order to develop appropriate legal regimes is justified. The bases and types of classifications of non-residential premises existing in the Russian doctrine are analyzed, and the author’s approach to such differentiation is proposed. It was revealed that the types of non-residential premises that combine the features of both residential and non-residential premises and require the development of a special legal regime do not fit into the legal binary classification of premises.
The Concept, Essence and Meaning of Digital Rights as an Object of Hereditary Legal Relations
Authors: Nepomnyashchy P. A.
Published: February 2025

In this article, the author explores existing problems and offers an author’s understanding of the essence, concept and meaning of digital rights as an object of hereditary legal relations. In the Russian and foreign scientific literature, there are many opinions about the essence, meaning and concept of digital rights, both in general and in relation to civil and inheritance law. The impalpability of this phenomenon is difficult to study. Nevertheless, an attempt has been made in Russian legislation to define the concept of digital rights, which turned out to be not entirely successful, which is confirmed by the opinions of civil scientists. The place assigned by the legislator to digital rights in the system of objects of civil legal relations, namely, their attribution to binding rights rather than other property, is also controversial in the scientific community, which determines the complexity of legal regulation of emerging new types of digital property in the context of dynamic digital transformation of public relations. Based on the results of the study, the author provides a definition of the concept of digital rights.