bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Karanjin-loaded soya lecithin-based ethosomal nanogel for the therapeutic intervention of psoriasis: formulation development, factorial design based-optimization, in vitro and in vivo assessment
Authors: Mujtaba Md Ali , Gangane Purushottam , Ali Abuzer , Chaudhari Shubham , Kaleem Mohammed , More Sachin , Shahzad Naiyer , Elhassan Gamal Osman , Anwer Md Khalid
Published: July 2024

This study aimed to develop and optimize karanjin-loaded ethosomal nanogel formulation and evaluate its efficacy in alleviating symptoms of psoriasis in an animal model induced by imiquimod. These karanjin-loaded ethosomal nanogel, were formulated to enhance drug penetration into the skin and its epidermal retention. Karanjin was taken to formulate ethosomes due to its potential ani-psoriatic activity. Ethosomes were formulated using the cold method using 32 full factorial designs to optimize the formulation components. 9 batches were prepared using two independent variables X
1: concentration of ethanol and X
2: concentration of phospholipid whereas vesicle size (Y
1) and percentage entrapment efficiency (Y
2) were selected as dependent variables. All the dependent variables were found to be statistically significant. The optimized ethosomal suspension (B3) exhibited a vesicle size of 334 ± 2.89 nm with an entrapment efficiency of 94.88 ± 1.24% and showed good stability. The morphology of vesicles appeared spherical with smooth surfaces through transmission electron microscopy analysis. X-ray diffraction analysis confirmed that the drug existed in an amorphous state within the ethosomal formulation. The optimized ethosome was incorporated into carbopol 934 to develop nanogel for easy application on the skin. The nanogel underwent characterization for various parameters including spreadability, viscosity, pH, extrudability, and percentage drug content. The ethosomal formulation remarkably enhanced the skin permeation of karanjin and increased epidermal retention of the drug in psoriatic skin compared to marketed preparation and pure drug. A skin retention study showed that ethosomal nanogel formulation has 48.33% epidermal retention in 6 h. In vivo, the anti-psoriatic activity of karanjin ethosomal nanogel demonstrated significant improvement in psoriasis, indicated by a gradual decrease in skin thickness and scaling as reflected in the Psoriasis Severity Index grading. Therefore, the prepared ethosomal nanogel is a potential vehicle for improved topical delivery of karanjin for better treatment of psoriasis.
Carbon dioxide removal and net zero emissions in Africa: an integrated assessment modelling based on three different land-based negative emission solutions
Authors: Ampah Jeffrey Dankwa , Afrane Sandylove , Adun Humphrey , Dioha Michael O , Agyekum Ephraim Bonah , Yusuf Abdulfatah Abdu , Naseer Mudassar , Bamisile Olusola
Published: July 2024

As the remaining carbon budget for limiting warming to 1.5 °C rapidly diminishes, it is clear that, besides decarbonization, the world will need to remove 100–1000 GtCO2 from the atmosphere by the end of the century. Yet, Africa, where many carbon removal schemes are planned, remains a ‘blindspot’ in existing studies. There is limited understanding of the trade-offs and synergies associated with carbon removal within Africa’s energy-land-water system. To address this research gap, we model a stylized net-zero emissions (NZEs) in Africa by 2050, with focus on three land-based biological carbon removal approaches: afforestation/reforestation (AR), bioenergy with carbon capture and storage (BECCS), and biochar. We find that by 2050, the total gross carbon removal is projected to reach 1.2 GtCO2 yr−1 when all three carbon removal approaches are available, and 0.5 GtCO2 yr−1 when Africa relies solely on AR. Pursuing NZE with only AR or AR alongside biochar in Africa would be the most expensive mitigation option but they lead to the lowest residual fossil fuel and industry CO2 emissions. An NZE by 2050 in Africa could reduce cropland by 30%–40% from 2020 to 2050, depending on the carbon dioxide removal deployment strategy adopted. Southern Africa would be particularly affected, facing significant challenges in balancing food security with climate goals. The highest increase in staple food prices will occur under AR only, while the availability of AR-BECCS-biochar produces the lowest rise in staple food prices. Our findings highlight the need for balanced and region-specific carbon dioxide removal strategies to ensure climate and other sustainability goals are met.
Coagulation-flocculation process on a lattice: Monte Carlo simulations
Authors: Blavatska Viktoria , Ilnytskyi Jaroslav , Lähderanta Erkki
Published: July 2024

Coagulation-flocculation, the physicochemical process widely used for purification a wastewater, is affected both by chemical details of involved polymers and by the statistics of their conformations on a large scale. The latter aspect is covered in this study by employing a coarse-grained modeling approach based on a combination of two paradigms of statistical mechanics. One is the self-avoiding walk (SAW) which generates a range of conformations for a linear polymer of N
SAW monomers. Another one is a non-trivial diffusion limited aggregation (DLA) process of N
DLA impurities (referred thereafter as ‘particles’) which describes their coagulation occurring with the probability

0
<
p
⩽
1

(p = 1 recovers a standard DLA). DLA of diffusive particles is complemented by their irreversible adsorption on the SAW monomers occurring with the probability equal to one, both processes resulting in formation of the DLA-SAW agglomerates. The dynamics of formation of such agglomerates, as well as their fractal dimensions and internal structure are of practical interest. We consider a range of related characteristics, such as: (i) absolute Na
and relative na
adsorbing efficiencies of SAW; (ii) effective gyration radius

R

g
DLA-SAW

of the DLA-SAW agglomerates; and (iii) the fractal dimension

D

DLA-SAW

of these aggregates. These are studied within a wide range for each parameter from a set

{
p
,

N

DLA

,

N

SAW

}

.
Analysis of Land Cover Change in Karanganyar District in 2013 and 2022 Based on Story Maps
Authors: Jannah Z. M. , Taryono T.
Published: July 2024

Land use change is influenced by human activities that affect the land cover of an area. Most of the Karanganyar Regency area is still agricultural land and as the population increases from year to year, it has an impact on land conversion. The purpose of this study is to analyze land cover changes in Karanganyar Regency in 2013 and 2022, analyze the factors that influence land change, and present information on land cover changes using Story Maps. The research method used qualitative descriptive analysis with the Maximum Likelihood Classification method and the results tested for accuracy were obtained from the Kappa method. The results showed that land cover change from 2013 to 2022 was dominated by residential land and paddy fields as much as 11946.10 ha or 14.87% and 14777.35 ha or 18.40%. Factors of land cover change are population growth, relatively cheap land value, easy accessibility, and easy licensing mechanism for infrastructure development. The land cover of Karanganyar Regency from 2013 to 2022 is represented in Story Maps, displaying maps and analysis with an attractive and interactive display.
Multitemporal Analysis of the Relationship Between Vegetation Density and Built-Up Land to the Urban Heat Island Phenomenon in Cirebon City
Authors: Isnanto Yunan Akhmad , Priyana Yuli
Published: July 2024

The attractiveness of Cirebon City as a target for urbanization lies in its strategic location and significant development, particularly in tourism, the service industry, and culture. As a result, vegetation has been transformed into urban development, leading to a subsequent rise in land surface temperatures and causing the Urban Heat Island (UHI) phenomenon. UHI is prevalent in urban areas and diminishes in peripheral regions. This research aims to investigate the correlation between vegetation density and built-up areas to the UHI phenomenon in Cirebon City, utilizing Landsat-8 data for the years 2014 and 2023. Normalized Difference Built-Up Index (NDBI) is used to identify built-up areas, vegetation density is identified with the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) algorithm, and Land Surface Temperature (LST) data is obtained from thermal band extraction. The results of the LST analysis were used to describe the Urban UHI phenomenon. Findings throughout the study period revealed significant changes in built-up land and vegetation density, while dynamic changes occurred in LST and UHI. The results also show that there is a positive correlation between the built-up land index and UHI, which indicates a unidirectional relationship. Meanwhile, the vegetation density index to UHI is negatively correlated, which means it shows an inverse relationship.
Analysis of Vegetation Density Changes on Coastline Changes in the Glagah Coastal Area, Kulon Progo Regency 2018 and 2023
Authors: Kusumaningrum E D , Saputra A , Nurwijayanti A
Published: July 2024

The construction of Yogyakarta International Airport, which is only 400 meters from Glagah Beach, means that the Kulon Progo Regency Government must pay more attention to guarding the coastline, so that abrasion does not reach Yogyakarta International Airport and the surrounding settlements. The objectives of this research are (1) to identify changes in vegetation density, (2) to identify changes in coastlines, (3) to analyze the relationship between the two in the Glagah Coastal Area, Kulon Progo Regency in 2018 and 2023. The method used in this research is integration between remote sensing and geographic information systems. Remote sensing is used to obtain the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI), while the geographic information system is used to analyze shoreline changes using Digital Shoreline Analysis System (DSAS) tools. Based on the 2018 NDVI values, it is known that the area of non-vegetation is 28.2 Ha, low vegetation is 35.2 Ha, medium vegetation is 22.2 Ha, and high vegetation is 26 Ha. The area of each ndvi class in 2023, namely non-vegetation 20.3 Ha, low vegetation 38.2 Ha, medium vegetation 37.9 Ha, and high vegetation 17.7 Ha. The largest amount of abrasion along the Glagah coastline occurred in Sindutan Urban Village, reaching - 56.43 meters and the largest accretion occurred in Jangkaran Urban Village, reaching 65.64 meters. The results of linear regression (0.256) and F test (0.172) show that there is no influence between changes in vegetation density on changes in coastlines in the Glagah coastal area. Even though the results show there is no correlation between vegetation density and changes in coastlines, the role of vegetation is very important in preventing abrasion.
Analysis of Mapping the Potential Location of Biodiversity Parks (KEHATI) In Tegal Regency in 2023
Authors: Susanto H. N. , Sunariya M. I. T. , Taroyo
Published: July 2024

Tegal Regency has a dry air temperature and and land. To overcome these problems, the construction of a Biodiversity Park that will have a function to be able to store rainwater and make the land green. The purpose of this study was to analyze the location recommendations of Biodiversity Park in Tegal Regency and analyze the suitability of land for Biodiversity Park in Tegal Regency. The method used was overlay and slope classification. The results of this study are the results of the study in the form of a map of biodiversity park benchmarks made by the presence of benchmarking in the research area and a map of land suitability of Biodiversity Park with the existence of blocks. Based on Figure 3, the area for the biodiversity park has been divided into 3 zones, namely the core zone (Block 1), the tourist collection zone (Block 2), and the production zone (Block 3). There are 14 stakes that have been placed during direct fieldwork and guided by the land cultivation map from the Tegal Regency Youth, Sports and Tourism Office. The results of the measurement by digitizing the Biodiversity Park has an area of approximately 10 hectares.
Micro Hydro Power Site Characterization in Indonesia: Variable Optimization for Site Selection Using GeoDetector and RFE-Random Forest
Authors: Auliyani D , Setiawan O , Nugroho H Y S H , Wahyuningrum N , Hardjo K S , Videllisa G A , Insani A F , Lailiyya L N , Istiqomatunnisa  , Ardiyanti N
Published: July 2024

Micro hydropower (MHP) systems are a promising alternative renewable and sustainable energy source to conventional fossil fuels, particularly in regions with abundant water resources like Indonesia. The success of MHP initiatives is contingent upon identifying suitable sites and remains challenging related to influencing parameters in site selection for the regional/national scale. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the essential influencing variables for MHP site selection by evaluating multiple variables related to the existing MHPs. The method used for analysis was the GeoDetector and Recursive Feature Elimination-Random Forest (RFE-RF) approach in the Geographic Information System (GIS) framework. Combining GeoDetector and RFE-RF models proves to be a potent tool for essential influencing variables screening in MHP site selection. The eight essential variables were obtained, down from nineteen original variables, with a better performance statistically. This hybrid approach considers spatial patterns in data for variable selection, ensuring alignment with the chosen machine learning method. This study result is expected to assist decision-makers in the preliminary evaluation stage of MHP site exploration and promote Indonesia’s transition to a cleaner, more renewable energy future and participatory forest conservation.
Maritime Boundary Delimitation using Different Methods of GIS - A Case Study of the France-United Kingdom (Jersey Island) Boundaries
Authors: Khomsin  , Nusantara Candida Aulia De Silva , Pratomo Danar Guruh , Febriani Farida Nur
Published: July 2024

Maritime and territorial zone disputes have created tensions and conflicts between countries with contiguous or adjacent maritime zones. France escalated its fishing rights dispute with the UK by announcing that it had seized an unlicensed British vessel operating in French waters. This paper examines the incident by reviewing the geographical condition and creating a maritime boundary map between the France-United Kingdom (Jersey) that complies with the UNCLOS 1982 convention. This research uses GIS software and bathymetry data to create maritime boundaries according to the UNCLOS 1982 convention. GIS methods used include Buffer, Thiessen Polygon and Geocap Maritime Delimitation toolbox. According to the “geocap maritime delimitation” toolbox, the total water area measures 509 square miles, with an even division between the two areas. However, when utilizing the buffer and Thiessen polygon methods, there is a notable variation of 56 square miles between the water areas of Jersey and France. The delimitation method from the Geocap Maritime Delimitation toolbox was chosen as the best method because this tool can generate critical points and baselines from the closest point between two baselines that follow UNCLOS convention and produce a solution with the equidistance division between the two countries.
Spatial Analysis of LULC Changes and Suitability of Ngawi Regency on Spatial Regional Planning 2011-2031 Using Geographic Information System
Authors: Kusumaningrum R. , Priyana Y.
Published: July 2024

This study analyzes land use change in Ngawi Regency, East Java, in 2011 and 2021 and examines the suitability of land use, Regional Spatial Plan, and Regional Medium-Term Development Plan. Qualitative descriptive analysis methods and spatial-temporal analysis are used to identify land-use change, land-use change, and land-use-related problems. The results showed a discrepancy between actual land use and RTRW in several sub-districts, such as Padas, Pangkur, Ngawi, Pitu, Kedunggalar, Ngrambe, Sine, Jogorogo, Kendal. This discrepancy includes changes in land functions from settlements to industries, tourism areas to settlements, industries to settlements, and vice versa. The total area of nonconformity reached 40,361 hectares or 28.93 % of the Ngawi area. GIS and map overlays provide an in-depth understanding of land change patterns, with settlements and industrial sectors being key focuses. Although the Regional Spatial Plan has been established to regulate land use, its implementation still needs to be improved in 2021. The development of tourism, industrial, agricultural, and residential areas sometimes goes differently than planned. This research highlights the need for coordination between Regional Medium-Term Development Plans and Regional Spatial Plans to achieve sustainable regional development.
Analysis of Changes in Vegetation Density Index in Surakarta City 2018-2022 Using Landsat-8 OLI/TIRS Satellite Imagery
Authors: Rianti D I , Sari D N
Published: July 2024

One of the cities that is experiencing growth with an increase in population and rapid changes in land use is the city of Surakarta better known as Solo which is located in central Java Province. The aim of this research is to analyze changes in the vegetation density index in the city of Surakarta in 2018-2022 and analyze the accuracy of Landsat 8 imagery to map the vegetation density index in the city of Surakarta in 2018-2022. The research method used in this research is a field survey using the NDVI (Normalized Difference Vegetation Index) transformation. The research results show that there are 5 classes of vegetation density index with a range of -0.28 to 0.76. The ANOVA test showed that changes in the vegetation density index were not significant with a significance of 0.196. Based on the accuracy tests that have been carried out, Landsat 8 can be used to map the vegetation density index with an overall accuracy of 83.3% and a kappa index of 0.79. The accuracy and suitability between the map and the field shows good results and accurate image processing.
GIS Application For Mapping and Analyzing Urban Green Open Spaces (Case Study of Sragen City)
Authors: Arti R S , Jumadi
Published: July 2024

Green open space in cities is one of the environmental controls. In residential spatial planning, green open space is very necessary in the form of green belts and passive or active parks. Sustainable development must be supported by adequate residential green space, which must fulfill the function of absorbing CO2, increasing the volume of groundwater and being useful as a flood controller. The availability of green open space for the community can increase the aesthetic value of a city’s environmental area and can function as an economic value [9]. This research aims to determine the extent of green open space in Sragen City. From this research, we can analyze the development and need for green open space in Sragen City to study and develop a green city and a balanced environment. This research is aimed at understanding the area of green open space in Sragen City. From this research, we can analyze the development and need for green open space in Sragen City to study and develop a green city and a balanced environment. Sufficiency of green open spaces Needs Based on Area and City Area Sragen City’s green open spaces do not meet the minimum requirement of 30%. Of the green open space, the city forest managed by environmental services is included in it with an area of 2,500 m2. However, Sragen City’s green open space looks large because it includes moorlands, residential forests, state forests, and ponds. Meanwhile, 130.17 Ha is land managed by the Sragen City Regency Government. This research uses primary and secondary methods. To obtain a map of the green open space area of the research area, Quickbird image analysis is required. From the results of the research, it was concluded that the management and efforts to provide sufficient green open space were adequate, but in terms of area, the proportion of green open space that was determined was still not sufficient. There are seven types of green open space in Sragen City, namely in the form of urban forest green open space, green lane green open space for roads, pedestrian, open space, river border green open space, cemetery green open space, private and community property building green open space, as well as plantation and resident’s yard green open space.
Analysis of recommendations for developing sustainable fishing areas based on geographic information systems: the integrated Center of Marine and Fisheries (SKPT) Mimika case study
Authors: Aruri Y , Sunariya M I T , Mardiansyah A
Published: July 2024

The Integrated Center of Marine and Fisheries (SKPT) is one of the Indonesian government’s steps in developing better management of the fisheries sector. SKPT Mimika has “The golden fishing ground” waters with a capture fisheries potential of 2.64 million tons per year; Arafura waters are one of the most fertile waters in Indonesia. With this potential and the concept of water development, namely the blue economy, where the economy with the axis of the sea must be sustainable, has a high urgency to ensure that there is no excessive exploitation of marine resources. The development of a sustainable blue economy involves many parties, but we consider that the closest community is the answer to the success of this development. Creating the potential fishing zone (PFZ) from Aqua MODIS image data and SWOT Analysis to formulate sustainable recommendations can help the community and stakeholders. Some of the outcomes of our recommendations are 1) Empower and implement an adaptive management approach that considers the needs and situations of each member of society, community, and region; 2) Increase the resilience of fisheries and aquaculture systems through implementing sustainable practices, diversifying fisheries commodities, and increasing access to markets. 3) Increase the ability of fisheries and aquaculture stakeholders to adapt to the impacts of climate change through training, education and awareness-raising activities; 4) Integrate the fisheries and aquaculture sectors into national policies and strategies for climate change; and 5) Management of intentional fishing and dumping.
Comparative Study SVM and Random Forest Algorithms for the Classification of Terrestrial Visual Rock Types
Authors: Rudiyanto  , Setyanto Arief , Kusnawi  , Sunyoto Andi
Published: July 2024

The advancement in image processing technology, along with the increasing demand for classifying terrestrial visual rock types in diverse applications such as geological exploration and natural resource mapping, has prompted investigations into the application of machine learning algorithms to enhance classification accuracy. This research aims to assess the performance of the Support Vector Machine (SVM) and Random Forest algorithms in classifying terrestrial visual rock types. The study utilizes a dataset containing images of various rock types sourced from KAGGLE. Both Random Forest and Support Vector Machine methods are employed for rock type classification, and their performances are compared to determine the more effective method. Through experimental analysis on the KAGGLE rock dataset, the study provides evidence supporting the efficacy of the proposed method and identifies the Random Forest algorithm as the more suitable option for rock type classification. Evaluation criteria include accuracy, precision, recall, and F1-score metrics. The research findings reveal that the Random Forest algorithm achieves a higher accuracy rate of 86.25%, with a precision of 0.97, recall of 0.86, and an F1-Score of 0.91, establishing its superiority in rock type classification.
Dynamics Thresholding for Assessment of Land Fires Susceptibility, Brantas Hulu
Authors: Wiwoho Bagus Setiabudi , Astuti Ike Sari , Hartono Rudi , Yuliano Fajar Setiawan , Herlambang Gilang Aulia , Azizan Fathin Ayuni
Published: July 2024

Forest fires are often an environmental problem that has the potential to cause environmental damage. It is predicted that as temperatures increase due to climate change, the risk of land and forest fires will become greater. This research aims to (1) model the vulnerability of land and forests to fire and (2) examine inherent land factors such as the type and physical properties of soil and land-use typology against fire. This research is quantitative, combining remote sensing data and field observations. Machine learning algorithms and dynamic thresholding will be tools for data analysis. Model verification will be carried out using national fire disaster data as well as field observations. The Brantas Hulu watershed has a high probability distribution of vulnerability. The training data Area Under the Curve (AUC) value is 0.923, and the test data The training data Area Under the Curve (AUC) value is 0.923 value is 0.912. The variables used provide different contribution values. Land Cover 2019 has the highest contribution to the model, namely 26.5%, and the lowest contribution to the model, namely Evapotranspiration 2023, Normalized Burn Ratio (NBR) 2023, and Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) 2023, namely 0.1%. Forest and land fires can occur due to triggers from human activities. It is necessary to explain to the public not to burn grass and debris. Avoid burning when the weather is windy. Strong winds are the main factor in forest fires becoming more widespread.
Identification of Coastal Typology and Utilization of Geospatial Technology for Tsunami Hazard Modeling in Kulon Progo Coastal Area, Special Region of Yogyakarta, Indonesia
Authors: Wulandani N A , Wibowo Y A , Nurwijayanti A
Published: July 2024

Tsunamis are natural disasters that cause material losses and cause loss of life. Tsunamis are generated by underwater earthquakes. The coastal region of Kulon Progo is prone to the risk of a tsunami disaster due to its proximity to the megathrust zone and direct exposure to the Indian Ocean. This research aims to (1) determining the typological characteristics in the Kulon Progo Coastal Area, Special Region of Yogyakarta; (2) determining the spatial distribution of tsunami hazards in the Kulon Progo Coastal Area, Special Region of Yogyakarta; (3) developing recommendations for tsunami disaster mitigation models in the coastal area of Kulon Progo, special region of Yogyakarta. The method used in this research is the Hloss calculation developed by Berryman-2006. Furthermore, the identification of coastal typology was carried out according to Shepard with field observations, which were taken based on the Identification of Coastal Geomorphology according to Khakhim-2008. The research results show that tsunami inundation modeling with scenarios of 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, and 30 meters inundated the entire area with 14,462.22 hectares. It is known that the identification of the Kulon Progo coastal typology is marine deposition coast and coast built by organisms. Suitable recommendations for tsunami disaster mitigation on the Kulon Progo coast are the application of green belts around the coastline and the constructing of breakwaters. The results of this research can be used as a basis for determining tsunami disaster risk reduction policies in the coastal area of Kulon Progo, Special Region of Yogyakarta.
Multi-Temporal Analysis of Urban Heat Island Phenomenon Distribution in the Special Region of Yogyakarta (2018-2022) Using ArcGIS Story Map
Authors: Amrullah H M , Sari D N
Published: July 2024

Rapid urban development in the Special Region of Yogyakarta over the last 5 years has resulted in significant temperature variations, impacting urban areas. The study, presented through a Story Map, focuses on the Urban Heat Island (UHI) phenomenon, showcasing temperature changes from 2018 to 2022. Despite a general decline of around 1°C during this period, the year 2022 witnessed a notable 4°C increase in urban temperatures. The dynamics of urbanization, coupled with land use alterations, contribute to the fluctuating surface temperatures. The Story Map serves as a comprehensive medium, incorporating multimedia elements to effectively communicate these variations, the contributing factors, and potential mitigation strategies. The Special Region of Yogyakarta’s urbanization has led to a transformation of its design into a metropolitan area, resulting in increased land conversion and demand for residential purposes. The UHI phenomenon is influenced by factors such as changes in land use, building materials, and human activities. The narrative map provides detailed insights into the temperature changes, emphasizing the significance of addressing UHI in regional and spatial planning. It highlights practical measures like tree planting initiatives and sustainable development planning to mitigate the impact of elevated temperatures. The Story Map, designed to be accessible to a broad audience, serves as a valuable reference for government and planning agencies, encouraging informed decision-making to address the challenges associated with urban climate phenomena in the Special Region of Yogyakarta.
Landslide Susceptibility Levels Analysis Based on Geographic Information System (GIS) in Simo District, Boyolali Regency
Authors: Yulianto Y. W. , Cholil M.
Published: July 2024

Landslides frequently occur in several regions due to high rainfall. This is because Indonesia is a country located in a tropical region with diverse topography and high precipitation. Based on these issues, the objective of this study is to map areas of potentially vulnerable areas to provide accurate information and early warning to the people of Boyolali, especially related to locations that are estimated to have a high level of risk. Mapping areas that have the potential for landslides in Simo District, using Geographic Information System (GIS) software with a weighted overlay method approach. Types of related data such as soil slope, rock type composition, soil type, land use, and annual rainfall amount through a weighted overlay process using weights and scores related to each parameter. Interviews were also conducted to one of the village leaders in each village to find out the history of landslide events for the 2020-2023 period. This study shows the level of landslide vulnerability in areas in Simo District, Boyolali Regency reached 44.25047 km2, medium at 6.333904 km2, and low with an area of 1.094838 km2. The history of landslides in Simo District can be seen in Table 14, where the most landslides occurred in Pentur Village with a total of 4 incidents, followed by Gunung Village and Walen Village with 3 incidents, Wates Village, Kedunglengkong Village, and Sumber Village with a total of 2 incidents and Pelem Village with 1 incident. Kedunglengkong, Pelem, Pentur, Walen, Wates, and Sumber villages need attention from the local government for the implementation of adaptation measures to landslide risk because the 7 villages have a high level of landslide vulnerability.
Urban food security from the perspective of marketing performance of rice agroindustry in Dumai City, Indonesia
Authors: Septya Fanny , Andriani Yulia , Pebrian Sispa
Published: July 2024

Dumai City is an urban area with a rural economic style, such as the livelihoods of farmers, planters, breeders and fishermen. Even though local rice production shows an increasing trend, the availability of rice for Dumai City is still supported from outside Riau Province. The urban rice agroindustry is present to form an efficient rice marketing performance. This study aims to analyze the availability of rice, marketing channels, and performance in the rice agroindustry in Dumai City. The research method used was a survey method on two agroindustries which were selected purposively based on rice agroindustry criteria. The analytical method used was descriptive qualitative and descriptive quantitative to analyze rice subsistence and marketing channel and also descriptive quantitative to analyze marketing performance of rice agroindustry. The results showed that the rice subsistence level for Dumai City was only 6.7 percent, and the local rice supply for Dumai City was supported outside the province. Based on marketing analysis, the rice agroindustry by Perum Bulog and CV ADAB was included in the efficient marketing category with a total margin value below the selling price of rice, namely Rp. 6,100 and Rp. 1,350, and marketing efficiency values below 30 percent, 10.35 percent, and 2.9 percent. ADAB rice agroindustry with intermediary materials in the form of quality rice from West Sumatra was considered to have more efficient marketing. Implication based on the result is rice agroindustry in Dumai City is worth to develop in order to strenghting food security by local rice production and marketing policy support.
Cocoa Farming Commercialization Level and Influencing Factors
Authors: Zachra S A , Kusnadi N
Published: July 2024

Cocoa in Indonesia is an important agricultural commodity that plays a significant role in the national economy. As the main raw material for the industry, cocoa is recognized as a commercial commodity. However, at the farm level, the issue of subsistence in cocoa farming is believed to still be a current issue. This study aims to measure the level of cocoa farming commercialization and determine the factors influencing it. The research utilizes secondary data from a survey conducted in collaboration between the Department of Agribusiness, Faculty of Economics and Management, IPB University, and Maastricht School of Management (MSM) in the Netherlands, under the Project NICHE (The Netherlands Initiative for Capacity Development in Higher Education) in 2016. A total of 270 cocoa farming units were selected from three provinces, namely West Sulawesi, Bali, and West Sumatra. The Structural Equation Modeling-Partial Least Squares (SEM-PLS) method was used in this study. The results of the analysis indicate that the characteristics of subsistence cocoa farming are more dominant (54.45 percent) compared to the characteristics of commercial cocoa farming (45.55 percent). The factors influencing the level of cocoa farming commercialization are the characteristics of the farming system and the role of economic institutions related to cocoa farming. Personal characteristics of farmers were not confirmed as determinants of commercialization. The implication of these findings is that the level of commercialization is an outcome of the socio-economic environment in which cocoa farming operates.
Artificial Neural Network Model Application for Validating and Predicting Ruminant Population in East Java, Indonesia
Authors: Khusna A , Muzayyanah MAU , Kusumastuti TA , Putra ARS
Published: July 2024

The aim of this study was to develop a model that could estimate the population of ruminants (beef cattle, goats, and sheep) in East Java with high accuracy. Secondary data on ruminant livestock populations in 31 regencies in East Java Province were acquired from the Central Bureau of Statistics of East Java between 2009 and 2020. Modeling backpropagation neural networks and feedforward learning processes with architectural models for beef cow population 11-3-1, goat population 11-3-1, and sheep population 11-5-1 are used to predict the population of ruminants in East Java. This architecture has a precision of more than 90%. The prediction RSquared (R2) for the beef cattle population is 0.997, the goat population is 0.998, and the sheep population is 0.975.
The superior performance of Inpari 42 varieties and the feasibility of rice seeds in supporting food security in South Sumatra Province
Authors: Waluyo  , Suprihatin A , Suparwoto  , Jumakir
Published: July 2024

The need for superior and certified source seeds of Inpari 42 in South Sumatra is very high, so it is necessary to increase the availability of these seeds and the number of breeder farmers. The research aims to increase seed availability and test the feasibility of Inpari 42 seed farming to support food security in South Sumatra. The study was conducted in Tulus Ayu Village (irrigated), East OKU Regency, a seed production center area. The B/C and R/C ratios are used to analyze the feasibility of source seed farming. The respondents were farmers using Inpari 42 seed from four agroecosystems and prospective seed breeders. The results showed that the productivity of Inpari 42 reached 6.9-7.1 t ha−1, and the productivity of source seeds was 4 t ha−1. Farming source seeds and Inpari 42 consumption are feasible. The MBCR value of source seeds farming also reached 1.94. The potential of Inpari 42 sources seed farming is also enormous, as evidenced by the distribution of Inpari 42 seed, which increased from 2 ha (irrigated) to 160 ha (irrigated, rainfed, tidal, and swamp). Therefore, support from relevant agencies is needed in the form of capital, technology, and regulations to increase breeder farmers’ capacity.
Analysis of Strategic Programs in Planning and Developing Cattle-Oil Palm Integration System
Authors: Raisa D M , Sirajuddin S N , Syamsu J A , Arsyad M
Published: July 2024

The cattle-oil palm integration system refers to a farming approach that involves the integration of the plantation sub-sector and the livestock sub-sector. It can be achieved by utilizing the vacant area beneath oil palm plants to graze beef cattle. The combination of oil palm and cattle production systems has significant social, economic, and ecological standpoints. The program strategy for establishing a cattle-oil palm integration system highlights the importance of institutional involvement in supporting a priority program that has achieved success in multiple areas. The study was conducted in the Tanah Bumbu District in the South Kalimantan Province. The place selection was conducted via purposive sampling, considering its potential as a prototype for combining cattle and oil palm development. This research aims to determine the optimal approach for implementing integrated systems in oil palm plantations of various scales. The research findings on the role of institutions in the integration system of oil palm and cattle are crucial for supporting prioritized programs that have been accomplished in multiple domains. The study employed Interpretative Structural Modelling (ISM) analysis to formulate a complex policy structure based on its constituent elements, establish a hierarchy of relationships among these elements, and classify them into four quadrants (autonomous, independent, dependent, and linkage). These include the social functions and the role of institutions in facilitating coordination among different entities. By understanding the significance of institutions, it becomes possible to effectively implement programs to enhance the development of integrated systems of cattle oil palm. The ultimate goal is to bring about positive changes in welfare, participation, trust, communication, and conflict resolution among oil palm smallholders and cattle breeders involved in the cattle-oil palm integration system. In economic function, institutions influence the fluctuations observed in income, production costs, and net profit for individuals engaged in the oil palm-cattle integration system, specifically oil palm smallholders and cattle breeders. Regarding the involvement of the environment, several repercussions arise, including alterations in soil quality, oil palm plantation productivity, biodiversity within ecosystems, greenhouse gas emissions, and deforestation within oil palm plantations engaged in the oil palm-cattle integration system. As a suggestion for achieving sustainability objectives in inclusive and sustainable palm oil plantations, it is advisable to prioritize establishing effective collaboration and partnerships among all relevant stakeholders, sharing expertise and information and the concerted effort to develop robust and mutually beneficial interconnections.
Agricultural Household Economic In Condition Flood Impact Of Climate Change In Indonesia
Authors: Yamin M , Putri N E
Published: July 2024

Floods cause vulnerability to the livelihoods of farm households that rely on land for farming as the main livelihood. Strategy is required for the livelihood of farm households to be sustainable despite the flood disaster. This study aims to: 1) analyze the income structure of farmers affected by floods affected by climate change in Indonesia and 2) assess the sustainability level of household income sources of farmers affected by the flood. Through primary and secondary data collection, the research method used is a survey method representing three provinces: South Sumatra, Central Java, and East Kalimantan. Data analysis performed is the calculation of household income structure analysis, agrarian density calculation, and ability to support life. This research results from the farmer’s income structure: contribution from the most significant second largest on the farm comes from no farm and smallest from off-farm. Based on land carrying capacity and agricultural density, rice farming is sustainable.
Observing the Resilience of Hyacinth Craftsmen Entrepreneurs in the Post Pandemic Era
Authors: Maria  , Saputri Eirinetina E D
Published: July 2024

The existence of hyacinth on Rawa Pening could destroy the ecosystem. Community who lives around Rawa Pening started to create and make hyacinth crafts. Previously product marketing was executed around Rawa Pening tourism but it has changed during Covid-19 pandemic. People’s mobility was limited therefore if only expecting tourist to come and buy hyacinth craft the sales would decline. This research aimed to understand the resilience of hyacinth craftsmen entrepreneurs in the post pandemic era. This study used a qualitative approach. The units of observation in this study were owners, employees, and consumers. The results of the study revealed that reviving hyacinth craft of micro, small and medium enterprises (MSMEs) in the post-pandemic era required the entrepreneurial behavior in business competition with an attitude of taking risks, being creative, innovative, and hard-working. In addition, MSME businesses can survive in the post-pandemic era by managing online businesses competition. The owner can set prices that can reach all groups, be creative and innovative in making information center such as Linktree create products that maintain natural colors, dare to use digital marketing to provide long-distance services in the form of QRIS payments, and has wide-ranging partners to compete in the globalization era.
The Knowledge Management Readiness of Organic Rice Farmers in Ngawi Regency, East Java, Indonesia
Authors: Irianto H , Widiyanti E , Riptanti E W , Khairiyakh R , Prasetyo A , Mujiyo
Published: July 2024

The Go Organic policy has consequences for developing organic rice farming in the Ngawi Regency, East Java, Indonesia. Farmers often respond to this policy with various farm business transformations, depending on their knowledge management readiness. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the readiness level of organic rice farmers in applying knowledge management (KM) to accelerate Go Organic. The methods used were descriptive and analytical in nature and the respondents were 90 farmers from 14 selected districts with organic rice farming businesses. Data were collected through interviews with questionnaire guides, observations, and recordings, followed by analysis using descriptive statistics. The results showed an optimal KM readiness level of 81.4 % in the farmer group assessed from various aspects. However, the structure has the lowest assessment compared to the other aspects. This is related to the lack of rules or standard operating procedures regarding Good Agricultural Practices (GAP), Good Handling Practices (GHP), and irrigation management. Additionally, farmer groups can adapt and be flexible to the KM readiness requirements.
Study of Optimizing Swamp Lands in the Context of Socio-Economic Empowerment of Communities in Barito Kuala Regency, South Kalimantan
Authors: Noor Yuldian , Gunawan Cakti Indra , Arvianti Eri Yusnita , Yoga Tirta , Supartini Nonok
Published: July 2024

Optimizing agricultural swamp land had a positive impact on the socio-economic empowerment of the community in Barito Kuala Regency, South Kalimantan. The research was conducted from March to November 2022. This research was a descriptive study, that used the method of collecting data using an investigative survey. Data analysis carried out investigations of sharecroppers, mapping and situation surveys, surveys of land use conditions, and investigations of land tenure status. The results of the study stated that the impact of the Swamp Land Optimization program on Community Socio-Economic Empowerment, namely contributing to farmers having their rice farming land area, strengthening the structure of farmers’ income sourced from on-farm activities, and farmers being able to meet their own needs. Some of the obstacles that were still experienced by farmers are the lack of water sources to irrigate paddy fields, the condition of damaged road infrastructure, low production yields, infertile agricultural land, pests and plant diseases, and others. Advice for policymakers is to maintain the sustainability of swampland optimization activities because it provides optimal assistance to farmers in rice farming in swampland.
T-test analysis for income comparison between members and non-members of livunzu cooperative in chikwawa district, Malawi.
Authors: Chitheka Jones Kingsdale , Setiadi Agus , Mariyono Joko
Published: July 2024

This study examines the relationship between agricultural cooperatives and farmers’ income. Agricultural cooperatives have been a well-known avenue for improving small-scale farmers’ economic well-being by widening access to resources, markets and collective action. A simple random sample of 293 rice farming households was surveyed. The study employed the use of descriptive statistics to describe the characteristics of the respondents. A semi-structured questionnaire was used to collect data in a household survey targeting cooperative and non-cooperative members. The study employed the use of SPSS package version 28 in data analysis. T-test analysis was used to establish the statistical differences in means of the cooperative and non-cooperative member farmers. It was established that being in a cooperative improves income in rice farming. The results suggested that policies aimed at improving farmer’s access to market power, and production modalities are important intervention avenues that can affect the income of rice farming in the area. The understanding of the relationship between cooperatives and farmers’ income is important for policy makers, development workers and the farmers in their effort to enhance the economic well-being of the farmers.
Production Risk Analysis of Dairy Production Cooperative, Bogor, West Java
Authors: Nurunisa V F , Fadila I
Published: July 2024

Bogor Dairy Production Cooperative (KPS Bogor) is one of the largest dairy cooperatives in Indonesia. Consisting of 127 active members, KPS Bogor produces an average of 78.8 liters of milk per farmer daily. However, the quantity and quality of milk produced fluctuate significantly, leading to income fluctuations for dairy farmers. This situation might indicate production risks faced by dairy farmers. This research aims to analyze the production risk KPS Bogor dairy farmers face. The study analyzes the variance level, coefficient of variation (CV), and the lower limit of dairy farming in KPS Bogor. The results showed that the production risk faced by dairy farmers was categorized as the “very high” category, with a CV value of 0.27 or 27 percent. Sensitivity analysis shows that dairy farmers at KPS Bogor faced the highest risk when the milk price reached the highest price, about 43 percent. Meanwhile, the lowest risk might occur from the production risk.