bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Analysis of response characteristics of comprehensive geophysical prospecting technology in concealed water-bearing structures
Authors: An Jinsong , Ma Zhichao , Du Hailong , Li Wen , Zhao Weiye , Liu Qinghua , Dou Wenwu , Lian Yuguang , Cui Jinliang , Wang Guoku , Chen Jianqiang , Zhang Lin
Published: November 2021

The mine transient electromagnetic method and the mine direct current method were used to detect the abundant water at 1,144 m ahead of the track roadway on the 9101 working face in the Chaoyang Coal Mine. Low-resistance abnormal areas indicated by both methods were analyzed comprehensively for early warning of water hazards. The results showed that two low-resistance abnormal areas were indicated by the mine transient electromagnetic method and the existence of a low-resistance abnormal area was indicated by the direct current method. Both methods showed the existence of a low-resistance abnormal area ahead, delineating possible illegal mining areas of old kilns ahead, which were verified by drilling. The methods can indicate the direction for drilling. The case shows that the combination of different geophysical prospecting methods can eliminate their limitations and that comprehensive detection can reduce omissions, which has a good guiding significance for safe mine excavation.
Conversion of CO2 in a gliding arc discharge reactor: Discharge characteristics and the effects of different parameters
Authors: Zhang Tinghao , Lu Na , Shang Kefeng , Jiang Nan , Li Jie , Wu Yan
Published: November 2021

In this work, a knife-shaped gliding arc discharge (GAD) reactor driven by a modulated pulse power supply was used to convert CO2. The discharge image, voltage and current waveforms of GAD were recorded experimentally. The effects of gas flow rate, input voltage, and the duty cycle of power supply on CO2 conversion were studied. A CO2 conversion of 3.8% and energy efficiency of 39.6% could be achieved. Compared with other non-thermal plasmas, GAD has a slightly lower CO2 conversion but higher energy efficiency. In addition, the capacity of CO2 treated by GAD (6 L/min) was significantly higher than other non-thermal plasmas (e.g. 25 mL/min-125 mL/min in corona discharge and dielectric barrier discharge).
Application of 66kV Active Intervention Grounding Arc Suppression Device
Authors: Meng Zhen , Li Zhongwei , Pan Yueming
Published: November 2021

The energy supply is mainly based on electric energy at present, and power supply reliability is an important indicator for evaluating power supply services. In view of the 66kV transmission voltage level unique to Northeast my country, the neutral point of the transmission system directly affects the stable operation of the power system. First, the composition of the substation in the system and the working principle of the arc suppression device are analyzed. Secondly, when a single-phase grounding fault occurs in a 66kV neutral point ungrounded system, an active intervention grounding arc suppression device is designed. Finally, the operating characteristics of the designed grounding arc suppression device are demonstrated based on the simulation results.
Research on the detection of arc fault in series connection of landscape power supply
Authors: Deng Yi , Li Yuanli , Xiong Yingpeng , Zhang Xuewen
Published: November 2021

Aiming at the series fault arc phenomenon in landscape lighting and the hidden dangers of electrical fires, in this paper, a landscape power supply series fault arc model is constructed and its model is simulated. The simulation results show that when a fault occurs, the arc current becomes smaller (almost zero) due to the increase in the impedance of the lighting circuit; this phenomenon is called the “current zero off” phenomenon of the fault arc current. The current zero off phenomenon of the fault arc current is the main fault feature in the landscape lighting circuit. In this paper, the wavelet algorithm is used to detect the fault current waveform. According to the fault characteristics, by judging whether the modulus maximum value of the wavelet coefficient has periodic characteristics with an interval of 100±15 sampling points, it is analyzed whether a series-type arc fault occurs. The built physical model verifies the feasibility and correctness of the arc detection algorithm. The research results of this paper have certain reference value for the detection and application of fault arc.
Research progress on the cathode and anode of aqueous zinc ion battry
Authors: Fu Chengyu , Gao Dongming
Published: November 2021

Electrochemical energy storage problems become a worldwide research direction. Now Lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) are the most common battery product. However, LIBs still has many shortcomings such as, safety problems, a scarcity of lithium, and high price. Rechargeable aqueous-based zinc ion batteries (AZIBs) with lower costs, fewer safety risks as well as abundant zinc reserves have attracted extensive research interest. For the current electrode materials of AZIBs, for example, Mn-based materials, V-based materials and metallic zinc, scientists have done in-depth research to develop the performance of the materials, but complex processes are still inevitable. As a result, sustainable and scalable manufacturing technology and electrode materials with high capacity and the longer service life is the research direction.
Fe2O3 Embedded Nitrogen-doped Biomass Carbon as Electrocatalyst for the Oxygen Reduction Reaction
Authors: Wu Yanling , Jiao Huiji , Hou Mingqian , Zhang Peng
Published: November 2021

Catalyst for ORR is important in the field of energy conversion. Previous research has shown that nanoparticle-embedded into N-doped carbon materials are a good ORR candidates. Here, Fe2O3/N-doped biomass carbon (named Fe2O3/N-bio-C) ORR catalyst via a pyrolysis process of mixture from the Heme precursor and biomass material (named poplar flowers). The as-synthesized electrocatalyst of Fe2O3/N-bio-C exhibits good electroactivity due to the formation of Fe2O3 nanoparticle active sites and abundant N-containing groups. The work points the way to synthesize the low-cost Fe-based N-doped biomass carbon ORR catalysts.
Preparation of fly ash-based flocculant and flocculation performance
Authors: Zhang Junxin , Duan Xiumei
Published: November 2021

Using fly ash from a thermal power plant in Yingkou City as raw material, The inorganic polymer flocculant polyaluminum ferric chloride (PAFC) was prepared by sodium carbonate impregnation, high temperature roasting activation, and acid leaching. The influence of activation temperature and activation time on the leaching of aluminum and iron was investigated through single factor test and orthogonal test. The PAFC preparation conditions were optimized, and the prepared PAFC flocculant product was applied to kaolin turbidity water. The test results showed that the content of aluminum in fly ash was 7.08%, and the content of iron was 4.95%. The mass ratio of the activator sodium carbonate and fly ash was 10:7, the activation temperature was 800°C, and the activation time was 2h. The leaching rates of aluminum and iron were the highest, 88.31% and 53.66% respectively. The optimal conditions for the preparation of the flocculant were as follows: the molar ratio of aluminum to iron was 5.7:1, and the reaction time was 1.5h. The liquid product obtained under these conditions was yellowish brown, and the solid product obtained after being dried was yellow powder.
Effect of loading sequence between Cu and Fe on SCR-C3H6 performance for Al-PILC based bimetallic catalysts
Authors: Wen Nini , Cheng Jianghao , Su Yaxin , Hu Mingtao , Deng Wenyi , Zhou Hao
Published: November 2021

To investigate the effect of impregnation sequence on SCR-C3H6 performance, Al-PILC based catalysts with different impregnation sequences between Cu and Fe were prepared. Activity result showed that impregnation sequence influenced the SCR-C3H6 performance, where, the NO conversion followed the order from high to low: Cu-Fe/Al-PILC>FeCu/Al-PILC>CuFe/Al-PILC. XRD results indicated that the dispersion of the active phase was related to the impregnation sequence. The specific surface area was not the crucial factor affecting the activity. UV-Vis demonstrated that isolated Cu2+ and Fe3+ contributed to activity rather than CuO and Fe2O3 particles, and more isolated Cu2+ and Fe3+ existed on Cu-Fe/Al-PILC. H2-TPR and XPS results revealed that superior reduction ability and more surface adsorbed oxygen led to the excellent SCR-C3H6 performance for Cu-Fe/Al-PILC catalyst.
Rare earth doping effect on the thermal stability of Ce0.35Zr0.60M0.05O2: insights from experiment and simulation
Authors: Zhao Zheng , Zhang Yongqi , Yang Juanyu , Hou Yongke , Cui Meisheng , Feng Zongyu , Huang Xiaowei
Published: November 2021

CexZr1-xO2 (CZ) plays an important role in many environment catalytic fields such as automobile three-way catalysts (TWCs), but improving their thermal stability is still a great challenge. In this work, a strategy was proposed to enhance the thermal stability of CZ by combining experiment with ab-initio molecular dynamics (AIMD) method. It is found that the thermal stability of Ce0.35Zr0.60M0.05O2 (M represent La, Y, and Nd elements) could be adjusted by doping the suitable rare earth (RE) elements in the surface of CZ. With this strategy, the thermal stability of Ce0.35Zr0.60M0.05O2 (CZ-Y) with surface doping of Y is highest among these Ce0.35Zr0.60M0.05O2 samples. In comparison with the CZ sample without doping (specific surface area SSA=20.16 m2⋅g-1), CZ-Y exhibit superior thermal stability (SSA=26.83 m2⋅g-1) after thermal treatment (1100 °C/10 h). To give a deep insight into the RE doping effects, the thermal displacement rate (TDR) of Ce0.35Zr0.60M0.05O2 are further calculated by AIMD. It is found that CZ-Y has the lowest TDR values, which is beneficial for suppressing the thermal displacement of atoms and improving the thermal stability of CZ. This study provides a deep insight into the origin of rare earth (RE) doping effect on CexZr1-xO2 (CZ), which is of fundamental interest for the development of high performance CZ in practical applications.
Aerodynamic Characteristics Analysis and External Trajectory Simulation of High-speed Cross-media Water Entry Projectile
Authors: Ding Xu-Tuo , Li Shi-Ji , Peng Song-Jiang , Wei Jin
Published: November 2021

The aerodynamic characteristics of a water entry projectile is studied. The aerodynamic coefficients at different Mach numbers and different attack angles are given through CFD numerical simulation, and the stability analysis is carried out. The results show that the projectile with the current shape meets the static stability requirements. Based on the aerodynamic coefficients obtained, the projectile flight trajectory equation is established to obtain the trajectory at different emissive angles. Finally, the trajectory parameters with the range of 5 km were used as the initial conditions for the simulation of high-speed water entry projectile, and the process of projectile entry with small angle was simulated. The simulation results show that the projectile sails smoothly when entering the water, the trajectory is straight, there is no ricochet phenomenon, which has a good water entry stability.
Application of three-dimensional vision perception technology to industrial robots
Authors: Yang Rui , Mo Qinglong , Li Yuhong , Gan Lin , Hu Ruihan
Published: November 2021

The three-dimensional vision system can improve the active perception ability of the robot, and then guide its flexible operation. This system has been widely used in industrial production processes, such as disorderly sorting, assembly, flexible welding, and defect detection. In sorting, assembly and other applications, accurate perception in a complex and changeable industrial environment is essential. Moreover, the control and other operations should be completed under the guidance of feedback information based on the collected three-dimensional perception results. Nonetheless, improvements are still required, such as accurate three-dimensional detection and positioning of work-in-progress and autonomous guidance in a complicated industrial context with continuous changes.
Research on the change of Spatio-temporal characteristics of Urban built-up area based on remote Sensing-- A case study of Yulin City, Shaanxi Province
Authors: Tan Zhidan , Shen Jing
Published: November 2021

Since the reform and opening up, the process of urbanization in China has been at a high level. In order to accurately obtain the boundary of urban built-up area and the spatiotemporal change characteristics of urban built-up area in recent years, this paper takes Yulin City as an example. With the help of ArcGIS, ERDAS and other platforms, we combine spatial comparison method and index method to extract urban built-up area from DMSP-OLS night light data and Landsat image data. At the same time, the confusion matrix is used to verify the extraction boundary. The research shows that: (1) Using DMSP-OLS night light data and Landsat data to extract the built-up area, the overall accuracy can reach 99%; (2) The urban built-up area of Yulin City expanded at a high speed from 2005 to 2018; (3) The urbanization process in the northeast of Yulin City is obviously higher than that in the south in recent years. This study has a certain reference value for the extraction of urban built-up areas and the development of urbanization in Yulin City by using DMSP-OLS night light data and Landsat data.
DC-YOLOv3: A novel efficient object detection algorithm
Authors: Zhang Xu , Han Fang , Wang Ping , Jiang Wei , Wang Chen
Published: November 2021

Feature pyramids have become an essential component in most modern object detectors, such as Mask RCNN, YOLOv3, RetinaNet. In these detectors, the pyramidal feature representations are commonly used which represent an image with multi-scale feature layers. However, the detectors can’t be used in many real world applications which require real time performance under a computationally limited circumstance. In the paper, we study network architecture in YOLOv3 and modify the classical backbone--darknet53 of YOLOv3 by using a group of convolutions and dilated convolutions (DC). Then, a novel one-stage object detection network framework called DC-YOLOv3 is proposed. A lot of experiments on the Pascal 2017 benchmark prove the effectiveness of our framework. The results illustrate that DC-YOLOv3 achieves comparable results with YOLOv3 while being about 1.32× faster in training time and 1.38× faster in inference time.
Research on integrated test and Evaluation of information system equipment
Authors: Ma Jing , Wang Ruihua , Wang Jiajia , Yang Zhou , Li Na
Published: November 2021

The integrated test of weapons and equipment is an urgent need for the development of weapons and equipment under the contemporary information conditions, because it can reduce the resource requirements, test cost and risk, as well as improve the test efficiency and the degree of confidence. This paper based on the objective requirements of integrated evaluation of information system equipment test, aims at performance test for information system equipment. For the same equipment testing, test means to analysis the factors that affect performance. The implementation is based on prior knowledge and expert experience response parameters, including regression model building, and the credibility of the weighted multi-source data fusion evaluation method research. It provides technical and theoretical support for the integrated test evaluation of information system equipment multi-source test.
The research of seed reproduction peculiarities of wild-growing Paeonia L. genus and perspectives of using peony seeds in food-processing industry
Authors: Rudaya O A , Chesnokov N N , Kirina I B , Tarova Z N , Bobrovich L V , Kiriakova O I
Published: November 2021

Vegetable oil is essential in everyday life of people. Lately, peonies are being widely used in food-processing industry of China – the seeds are processed for oil which is actively used as a food product, containing more than 90% unsaturated fatty acids. The problem of healthy eating is becoming more and more urgent. The task of Russian Federation science and all branches of AIC (agro-industrial complex) is to satisfy the physiological requirements of population in high-quality, biologically complete and safe food products. Production of peony oil in Russia would be of great importance for the economy of our country, as it is ecologically pure and safe food product for human health. In the article we researched the peculiarities of seed propagation and possible reasons for seed dormancy in some Paeonia L. genus. We carried out some bio-chemical tests in order to define the content of peroxidase enzyme, lignin and cellulose in seed peel. We also examined the intensity of photosynthesis and transpiration in 5 species of Paeonia L. genus: P. tenuifolia L., P. suffruticosa Andrews, P. lactiflora Pall., P. anomala L., P. mlokosewitschii Lomak. It was defined that the highest photosynthesis intensity can be observed in P. tenuifolia L. (86.1 mg/dm2h). Then P. mlokosevitschii Lomak. (65.1 mg/dm2h), P. suffruticosa Andrews. (59.3 mg/dm2h), P. anomala L. (32.8 mg/dm2h), P. lactiflora Pall. (2.15 mg/dm2h) follow. The examined species of Paeonia L. genus have high indices of photosynthesis intensity, and are able to adapt to changes in environment. The photosynthesis intensity is known to be one of the most important indices of high seed productivity and yielding capacity. We recommend using peony seeds in food industry for production of quality peony oil.
Chemical composition of a seed kernel of a pumpkin produced in the Central Chernozem region of Russia
Authors: Koltsov V A , Danilin S I
Published: November 2021

Seeds are the by-product in the cultivation of pumpkin. They are characterized by a high level of mineral substances and essential oils. However, the level of accumulation of biologically active components of seed kernel varies greatly among pumpkin varieties depending on climatic cultivation zones. Pumpkin varieties – Vitaminnayanaya, Michurinskaya sladkaya, Kubyshka, Muskatnayanaya, Aport – are taken as the objects of study. The chemical analysis of pumpkin seed kernels was carried out in accordance with generally accepted methodological recommendations. It was found that the sodium content in pumpkin seed kernel in the varietal section varies within the range of 5.07-17.6 mg/100 g, potassium – 554.8-767.1 ml/100g, calcium – 156.6-989.0 ml/100g, magnesium – 125.5-323.8 ml/100g, iron – 2.31-6.92 ml/100g, copper – 0.384-0.697 ml/100g, zinc – 4.80-7.43 ml/100g. The kernels of pumpkin seeds of the Michurinskaya sladkaya variety are characterized by high level of calcium – 989 ml/100g. Pumpkin seed kernels zoned in Tambov Region are rich in essential linoleic acid (52.59-63.87%), polyunsaturated oleic acid (11.70-27.35%), tocopherol (90-140 ml/100g). According to the content of linoleic acids, the highest indicators were found in seeds of Aport varieties – 63.87%, oleic acids – Muskatnayanaya (27.35%). The high content of tocopherol is typical for seeds of the Michurinskaya sladkaya variety – 140 ml/100 g. The obtained data on the chemical composition of pumpkin seed kernels indicate their promising use in the creation of functional food products and biologically active additives.
The biodiversity of production traits as the basis for selection of Chaenomeles Lindl. in Tambov region
Authors: Fedulova Yu A , Kuklina A G , Verzilin A V
Published: November 2021

The purpose of this study was to analyze the biodiversity of morphological and biochemical traits that are important for the breeding process. We used 14 varieties of Chaenomeles Lindl. (Rosaceae) tested at the biological station of the Michurinsk State Agrarian University in the Tambov Region. The data on the decorative qualities of flowers are presented. The presence of various colors of the corolla, simple and semi-double flowers are shown. The analysis of the ranges of variability of such traits as the length and weight of fruits, the content of dry matter, sugars, titratable acids, ascorbic acid and catechins was carried out. The conclusion is made about the presence of biodiversity in the Chaenomeles gene pool, which makes it possible to continue the selection of universal varieties used for decorative purposes and as a high-vitamin fruit crop.
Evaluation of garden strawberry varieties against biochemical parameters and genetic aroma determinants
Authors: Zhbanova E V , Luk’yanchuk I V , Guryanova Yu V , Lyzhin A S , Kruglov N M
Published: November 2021

The paper presents the results of a long-term (2015-2020) study into a collection of domestic and foreign strawberry varieties cultivated in the Central Black Region, in terms of biochemical composition (content of soluble solids (SS), sugars, organic acids, ascorbic acid, anthocyanins) and genetic aroma determinants. The varieties with a high SS content (above 12.0%) herewith include Alena, Divnaya, Kupchikha, Olympic hope, Torpedo, Flora; sugars (above 9.0%) – Alena, Lastochka, Olimpiyskaya Nadezhda, Flora, Privlekatelnaya; ascorbic acid (above 80.0 mg/100 g) – Divnaya, Kupchikha, Sudarushka, Festival chamomile; anthocyanins (above 100.0 mg/100 g) – Alena, Fireworks. Among the varieties addressesd, the Kubata, Tsaritsa (domestic selection), Kimberly, Marshall, Red Gauntlet, Vima Tarda (foreign selection) varieties are characterized by a combination of functional alleles of FaOMT and FaFAD1 genes for a complex aroma profile. The selected promising varieties can be used as sources of valuable quality attributes and biochemical composition of fruits.
Suitability of plum varieties and forms selected by the Federal Research Center n.a. I.V. Michurin for the production of prunes
Authors: Borzykh N V , Bogdanov R E , Yushkov A N , Bogdanov O E , Shchukin R A , Zavoloka I P
Published: November 2021

The study is aimed at assessing the suitability of plum varieties cultivated in Tambov region for the production of dried fruits (prunes). Large-fruited (average weight of more than 31 g) varieties were identified. Renklod by Kharitonovoy, Etude, Vengerka by Kursakov and Nochka are characterized by intense violet and dark purple integumentary colors. A combination of high skin strength, pulp hardness and good stone separation was found in Renklod by Kharitonov, Renklod Tambov, Etude, Vengerka by Kursakov and 23-135 Elite. A high accumulation of soluble solids, sugars, a low content of organic acids, as well as a high sugar-acid index were found in Renklod by Kharitonov, Renklod Tambov and Elite 23-135. Prunes produced from Renklod by Kharitonov, Renklod Tambov and 23-135 Elite were characterized by high commercial and consumer qualities, which makes it possible to recommend these varieties for the production of dried fruits.
Development of a new method for determining the degree of ripeness of tomato fruits with different colors of ripe fruits
Authors: Akishin O V , Gudkovsky V A , Sutormina A V , Potapova A A , Medelyaeva A Yu
Published: November 2021

The paper evaluates the most common sensory, physical, physicochemical and biochemical methods of determining the degree of ripeness of tomato fruits. On the example of small-fruit varieties with red, orange, yellow and brown colors of ripe fruits, an attempt was made to create a universal scale to assess the degree of ripeness of tomato fruits based on the physiological state of the fruits. The paper presents data on the quantitative content of endogenous ethylene in fruits with certain ripeness level.
Fattening of culled cattle with the use of complex feed additives in the diets in the conditions of Yakutia
Authors: Grigorev M F , Grigoreva A I , Chernogradskaya N M , Tatarinova Z G
Published: November 2021

The paper presents the results of a study to determine the effectiveness of complex feed additives in the fattening of culled cattle in the conditions of Yakutia. To conduct the experiment, 3 groups of culled cattle were formed. The use of complex feed additives from local natural raw materials in the feeding of culled cattle on fattening allowed increasing the live weight by 1.58% and 0.26%. To determine the safety of experimental feed additives, the clinical parameters of the body of experimental animals were studied. It was found that there was no significant difference between the groups and all the indicators were within the normal range, which in turn proves the harmlessness of complex feed additives. At the end of the experiment, a control slaughter of experimental animals was carried out. When analyzing the data of animal slaughter, it was found that the experimental groups were superior to the control group in terms of parameters: the mass of the steam carcass by 5.53% and 3.61%, the mass of visceral fat by 9.39% and 1.77%, the slaughter mass by 6.07% and 3.87%, the slaughter yield by 2.76% and 2.06%. Next, the organoleptic evaluation of meat products was performed. According to the results of the evaluation of boiled meat, it was found that the experimental groups exceed the control group by 12.92% and 8.33%, and exceed the roasted meat by 11.87% and 8.19%. Thus, complex feed additives showed effectiveness in fattening culled cattle in the conditions of Yakutia.
Improving quality of meat and meat products subject to behaviors of crossbred rams
Authors: Babushkin V A , Frolova Yu A , Negreeva A N , Frolov D A
Published: November 2021

The paper presents the results of a study to explore the influence of different behaviors of rams bred by crossing the Prekos and the Edilbay breeds on the technological properties and quality of meat and meat products. It was found that the meat from rams of the first, strong, type of behavior has the best technological properties and got a high tasting rating – excellent quality. Meat processing has kept the brand, the best quality product “Pressed Boiled Lamb” is also produced from the meat of rams coming under a strong type of behavior.
Development of dairy cattle breeding in the Tambov region
Authors: Nikitin A V , Yu Antsiferova O , Fedotov A N
Published: November 2021

The article shows that dairy farming is one of the most dynamically developing branches of agriculture, existing under the influence of internal and external environments, defined as: compliance with the breed standard, medical standards for milk consumption, increased investment in the industry, its resource potential. On the basis of a retrospective analysis, the evolution of technological structures in dairy cattle breeding in Russia is considered: pre-industrial, collective farming with agricultural mechanization, industrial, intensive technocratic, biotechnological. In addition, on the basis of the organizational and economic analysis of dairy cattle breeding in the Tambov region, the trends of its functioning have been determined: a decrease in the self-sufficiency of the region’s population with milk and dairy products; destructuring of the production sector with an increase in the share of enterprises with low-intensity and extensive milk production; low intensity of reproduction of a herd of cattle; a wide variety of breed composition of dairy cattle. It was found that agricultural enterprises of the region, as a rule, specializing in the development of dairy cattle breeding, choose the direction of organizing a purebred herd with standardized exterior features. This is a fundamentally different way of breeding work from all-Russian trends. On the basis of the research carried out, the priority directions of the development of dairy cattle breeding in an innovation-oriented context are substantiated.
Technology of effective microorganisms for the growth of agricultural plants of the Fabaceae family
Authors: Belova T A , Protasova M V
Published: November 2021

This article presents the results of studies reflecting the influence of the technology of effective microorganisms (TEM) on the development of plants of the Fabaceae family (Pisum sativum L.). The assessment of the real effectiveness of EM agents in the mild climate of the Central Black Earth region and their influence on field germination and morphophysiological parameters of plants is given. The theoretical foundations of the use of EM agents, their role in the formation of soil microbiological communities and the assessment of their impact as a factor influencing the efficiency of legume-rhizobium symbiosis are presented. The exogenous treatment with biological products significantly increased the number and mass of active nodules on experimental plants, which contributed to the increase in nitrogen-fixing activity, which was an important component for legumes. The authors pay due attention to the assessment of the parameters of photosynthetic activity of plants under the conditions of increased inoculation with microorganisms. Not only an increase in leaf area was noted, but also a longer functioning of the photosynthetic apparatus, which led to an increase in the intensity of the work of the green surface of plants during the entire growing season. The combination of stimulating factors provided a better increase in dry biomass, which was reflected in a significant increase in the value of plant yield. The most intense accumulation of dry matter was observed in the flowering phase, which was also characterized by more intensive inoculation of plants. At the end of the growing season, this was reflected in an increase in the number of beans per plant and seeds in one bean, which had a positive effect on the crop yield indicators. The research results indicate the prospects of the use of the technology of effective microorganisms in plant growing and agriculture for the production of environmentally friendly food products and soil fertility recovery.
Analysis and features of operation of fractional grain cleaners and secondary seed cleaning separators
Authors: Orobinsky VI , Gievsky A M , Baskakov I V , Gulevsky V A , Chernyshov A V
Published: November 2021

To obtain high-quality grain and seeds, it is necessary to clean the combine heap of weeds. Modern air-screen grain cleaners equipped with a screen cleaning systems, flat screens and a double-aspiration pneumatic system with pre-screen and post-screen cleaning channels are used. The fractional principle of post-harvest grain processing is promising. To create a universal grain cleaning machine to isolate the main fraction from the grain heap at the first stage of post-harvest processing, Voronezh State Agar University named after Emperor Peter I carried out theoretical and experimental studies, which made it possible to develop OZF-50, OZF-80 and SVS-30 separators. The machines have higher productivity, the original sieve design with an increased share of sorting sieves and an exclusive aspiration system. A number of new technical solutions have been used in the design of the separators, protected by patents of the Russian Federation. Theoretical prerequisites established the possibility of increasing the productivity 1.6-1.8 times according to GOST R 52325-2005. The total air consumption of the pneumatic system of grain cleaning machines can be reduced by 25-40%. Further improvement of separators requires a deeper study of the grain fractionation process, aerodynamic characteristics of aspiration systems, receiving and distribution devices, and establishment of close mutually beneficial relations between scientific institutions and agricultural engineering enterprises. This can contribute to the development of both domestic agricultural science and grain cleaning equipment production.
Biochemical and agro-technological evaluation of the assortment of tomatoes to create a functional food
Authors: Yu Medelyaeva A , Bukharov A F , Trunov Yu V , Danilin S I , Akishin D V , Popova E I
Published: November 2021

Tomatoes are the main vegetable crops in open and protected ground. Currently, a huge number of varieties and hybrids have been created for industrial and amateur vegetable growing, which differ in the type of bush, yield, early maturity, marketability, disease resistance, color, shape, size, mechanical strength, and biochemical composition of fruits (content of dry substances, sugars, vitamins, mineral salts, organic acids and other vital ingredients). Therefore, not all varieties are equally suitable for processing into functional food products. The article considers the assortment of tomatoes for open ground by yield, marketable qualities and the main indicators of the biochemical composition of the fruit: acidity, dry matter content, sugars, vitamin C, the accumulation of nitrates in the fruit, as well as by taste. As a result of a comprehensive assessment of 9 varieties of tomatoes, the varieties Nepryadva, Belkhavsky and Pulsar were identified, which have high yield, marketability, taste qualities of fruits, vitamin value and suitability for processing into functional products. In breeding for use as sources, the main economically valuable traits are of interest: yield and marketability of fruits – Belkowski, Nepryadva, Pulsar, the size of the fruit – Belkowski, Pulsar; the content of dry substances Belkovsky, Bui-Tur, Nepryadva, Pulsar; vitamin C – Belkowski, Bui-Tur, Pulsar; on the accumulation of nitrate – Nepryadva, Shuttle, Beljavsky, Kulon; taste – Belkowski, Nepryadva, Bui-Tur, Pulsar, Yakhont.
Study of influence of average diameter and rolling friction of hawthorn fruits on moisture content during drying process
Authors: Shcherbakov S Yu , Krivolapov I P , Lazin P S , Voropayeva V A , Korotkov A A
Published: November 2021

The method and technology were developed to study the influence of an average diameter, mass and rolling friction of hawthorn fruits on the moisture content during the drying process. It was established that the fruits of smoothed hawthorn (Crataegus oxyacantha L.) have a large unevenness in diameters of 11 mm - 21 mm and weight of 1.3 g - up to 4.2 g. The average diameter of hawthorn fruits decreases from 16 to 12.5 mm with a decrease in moisture content from 74.9 to 14%; the coefficient of rolling friction of hawthorn fruits on the surface of the working chamber increases from 0.12 to 0.31 with a decrease in moisture content from 74.9 to 14%. The results of these studies of hawthorn fruits can be used in the future when designing drying plants and improving drying technology.
Research results of juicing process using the developed design of the working elements of the roll-belt press
Authors: Bakharev A A , Lantsev V Yu , Abrosimov A G , Dyachkov S V , Goncharova N A
Published: November 2021

The paper presents and describes the developed design of the working elements of the roll-belt press. The theoretical dependences of the energy parameters of the press are found. The optimal operating parameters are substantiated, which allows the most efficient berry juicing. The data of experiments on berry juicing, depending on the juicing pressure and the holding time of the pulp under pressure, are given.
Leaves of non-traditional crops in the production of food for a healthy diet
Authors: Popova E I , Bryksina K V , Khromov N V , Medelyaeva A Yu , Trunov Yu V
Published: November 2021

In the course of the study, it was determined that the chemical composition and nutritional value of the Viburnum vulgaris is explained by a group of substances of different nature. Their qualitative and quantitative component depends, first of all, on the growing region. The national economic value of viburnum is great—from culinary delights to medicines. The article presents the biochemical composition of the leaves of the viburnum of various varieties, which indicates the possibility of using viburnum leaves in the production of food, including a functional orientation.
Biochemical evaluation of the assortment of pumpkin vegetable crops for the creation of functional food products
Authors: A Yu Medelyaeva , Bukharov A F , Trunov Yu V , Kirina I B , Titova L V , Protasova O A
Published: November 2021

It is known that vegetables are sources of vitamins, biologically active substances, antioxidants and other vital micronutrients. In particular, pumpkin vegetable crops (zucchini, squash) contain all the necessary mineral salts, vitamins, trace elements, pectin substances, ascorbic acid and not too many sugars. Varieties of vegetable crops are characterized by a diverse biochemical composition and are suitable to various degrees for obtaining processed products for therapeutic, preventive and functional purposes. The article considers the assortment of zucchini and squash by yield and the most important indicators of the biochemical composition of the fruit: the content of dry substances, sugars, vitamin C; the accumulation of nitrates in the fruit. High water content of zucchini and squash fruits (94-96%), low sugar content ( 1.5-3.5%) were found. Squash has a higher yield (25-90 t / ha), compared to zucchini (4-11 t/ha). Nevertheless, zucchini contain 3-4 times more vitamin C in the fruit and accumulate 3-4 times less nitrates than squash, having almost 10 times more of vitamin value. At the same time, squash is 2-3 times less than zucchini, accumulating nitrates. Of the 7 studied varieties of zucchini, the hybrid Belogor F1 and the variety Tsukesha were distinguished, which have high yield, high fruit quality and vitamin value. Of the 15 studied varieties of squash, the varieties Perlinka, Pyatachok and Tabolinsky were identified, which have high yields, high fruit qualities and vitamin value, and weakly accumulate nitrates.
Change in the coherence of light scattering from the surface of apples and their transpiration during storage
Authors: Rodikov S A , Budagovskaya O N
Published: November 2021

The potential possibility of using coherent optics for non-destructive testing to modify the microstructure of the surface of apples under the influence of chemical factors was studied. The model objects included solar and shade sides of fruits of Antonovka Common variety, untreated (control) and treated with diphenylamine (DPA). The amplitude-phase parameters of laser radiation reflected from the fruit surface were evaluated using a polarization shearing interferometer. It was experimentally shown that by the intensity and degree of coherence of the reflected laser radiation of the surface of apples, it is possible to register the anatomical and morphological characteristics of their tissues. It was revealed that after two months of storage, the spatial coherence of light scattering of the shadow side of an apple is higher than that of the solar, and the surface of apples treated with diphenylamine has a higher coherence of light scattering of the surface of both the solar and shadow sides. It was shown that the transpiration of apples treated with diphenylamine exceeds the transpiration of control apples.
Application of cedar flour in the production of bakery products
Authors: Efremova E N , Taranova E S , Kuznetsova E A , Zenina E A , Labutina N V
Published: November 2021

To maximize profits, entrepreneurs need to continually expand their product mix. Bakery products require constant updating. In our study, in the production of wheat bread, we used cedar flour as a food additive. The purpose of the study is to improve the production of bakery products, which consists in the addition of cedar flour. The study was carried out at Volgograd State Agrarian University. Wheat bread was backed by straight dough method. After that, studies were carried out on the organoleptic and physicochemical characteristics of the bakery product. A tasting assessment was also carried out. In terms of organoleptic characteristics, wheat bread with cedar flour had an indistinct shape, with uniform porosity, without voids and traces of impurity, in taste and smell it corresponded to this product, with a slight smell of walnut, color from light yellow to dark brown, and in the places of the cut and the sides are lighter. By all indicators, wheat bread with cedar flour met the requirements of GOST 31805-2018. The profitability of the product has been calculated. The production of wheat bread with cedar flour is 8% higher than the production of wheat bread. The production of bakery products with the addition of cedar flour is an important reserve for using the production potential of the bakery industry at the present stage of its development.
Effect of addition corn flour, millet flour and pumpkin seed flour on the properties of gluten-free gingerbread
Authors: Garkina P K , Kurochkin A A , Frolov D I , Shaburova G V
Published: November 2021

This article presents the development of a recipe for gluten-free gingerbread using secondary raw materials and cereals that normalize the intestinal micro flora. The gluten-free gingerbread recipes included the following gluten-free raw materials: corn flour (CF), millet flour (MF), pumpkin seed flour (PSF). The formulation was used as gingerbread «Limon» of wheat dough as a control sample. Prescription gluten-free components and their ratio were selected based on the analysis of data from domestic and foreign sources, taking into account the functional orientation and consumer properties. Laboratory baking of gingerbread was carried out with a complete replacement of wheat flour in the recipe for a different ratio of gluten-free flour mixture CF:MF:PSF - 40:40:20 and 35:35:30. To evaluate the obtained gingerbread, organoleptic and physicochemical methods of analysis were used. The organoleptic properties and physicochemical properties of the control sample and samples of gluten-free mixtures were compared. It has been found that replacing wheat flour with a gluten-free flour mixture generally improves the properties of gingerbread. We determined the rational ratio of gluten-free flour ingredients for the production of gingerbread CF:MF:PSF - 35:35:30.
The peculiarities of the technology of bread production from frozen semi-finished products of a high degree of readiness with the use of functional components
Authors: Taranova E S , Labutina N V , Kuznetsova E A , Efremova E N , Zenina E A
Published: November 2021

Ensuring the health of the population is a task of the national importance. One of the most significant factors that determine a person’s health and performance is nutrition. In a highly competitive environment, manufacturers face one of the main tasks - the creation of new competitive products with high-quality indicators and preventive properties. Improving the quality of baked goods is one of the problems of bakery production. The article deals with the theoretical possibility and practical feasibility of using spelt flour in the production of baked goods with improved consumer benefits. Spelt flour is a valuable raw material for the production of bakery and flour confectionery products of increased nutritional and biological value. The use of whole grain spelt flour in the recipe of wheat bread allows creating products for dietary and curative and preventive purposes. In the course of the work, experimental baking of wheat bread with different dosages of wheat and spelt flour was carried out. Samples of wheat bread with a different combination of spelt and wheat flour of the highest grade in the ratios of 5:95; 10:90; 15:85% were studied. The research was conducted in the laboratory of the Department of Technology of Storage and Processing of Agricultural Raw Materials and Public Catering, Volgograd State Agrarian University. The results of the influence of spelt flour application on the organoleptic and physical and chemical parameters of wheat bread are presented. As a result of the conducted research, the possibility of producing wheat bread using spelt flour was established, and the optimal dosage of spelt and wheat flour which allows one to obtain bread with high organoleptic and physical and chemical parameters was identified.
Elastomeric nanocomposite for recovery of worn-out basic parts of agricultural machinery
Authors: Lee R I , N Rizaeva Yu , Psarev D N , Kiba M R , Bykonya A N , Sukhareva T N
Published: November 2021

Due to the high specific surface area of nanoparticles, in comparison with micro-sized particles, a significant improvement in the consumer properties of polymer nanocomposites is achieved at relatively low concentrations of nanoscale fillers (up to 5%). Research and subsequent development of new polymer nanocomposites are of great scientific and practical interest, as they provide further development of promising high-performance technologies for restoring landing holes, increasing the post-repair life of basic parts and reliability and significantly reducing the cost of repairing agricultural machinery. The article describes the influence of metal nanoparticles on the thermophysical and mechanical properties of elastomers, presents the results of experimental studies of the deformation-strength and adhesive properties of a nanocomposite based on F-40 elastomer filled with nanoscale copper and aluminum particles as well as its optimal composition. Comparative data on the heat and heat resistance of the F - 40 elastomer and the nanocomposite based on it are presented.
Comparative tests of mechanization means for digging seedlings of fruit crops
Authors: Drobyshev A A , Lantsev V Yu , Alyokhin A V , Zavrazhnov A A , Zavrazhnov A I
Published: November 2021

The increase in the area of orchards of intensive fruit crops in the Russian Federation is one of the priority tasks of horticulture. This requires a huge amount of quality planting material. Digging remains one of the laborious and responsible operations in the production of seedlings of fruit crops. Grubbers and diggers of various producers are used for continuous digging of seedlings. After this, the dug-in seedlings are manually removed from the soil and row and only after that the next run of the unit is possible. The authors proposed a means of mechanization, selective digging of individual varieties or rows of plants, with a winch traction using a cable. The paper provides a comparative analysis of mechanization means for selective digging of seedlings and presents a diagram and results of field tests of two types of devices to perform this operation.
Investigation of the roof-breaking device parameters for unloading composting installations of the bunker type
Authors: Koldin M S , Zavrazhnov A I , Alyokhin A V , Yu Lantsev V , Krivolapov I P
Published: November 2021

The article discusses the increasing efficiency of composting animal waste by substantiating the unloading processes, taking into account the formation of vaults in composting bunker-type installations. The technology of accelerated composting and the characteristic features of unloading the processed material is presented. The design and layout of the working bodies of the arch-breaking unloading device are theoretically and experimentally substantiated. Based on the research results, the unloading device’s optimal design and operating parameters and the values of the consumed power have been determined.
Justification of the movement and displacement of the product inside the drum dryer with a paddle agitator
Authors: Yu Shcherbakov S , Krivolapov I P , Lazin P S
Published: November 2021

The technique and technology of movement and displacement of the powder product inside the drum dryer with a paddle agitator have been developed. Theoretical studies were carried out to assess the effect of the system of forces on the product inside the rotating drum when the agitator rotating in the opposite direction is exposed to it, which allowed estimating the throughput capability of the drying unit. It is established that, with an increase in the speed of movement and mixing of the product, the drying speed increases. The results of these studies can be used in the future when designing drying units and improving the drying technology.