bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Laboratorio del paisaje en Guimaraes. Portugal
Authors: Fernandes Fátima , Cannatà Michele
Published: September 2016

El edificio está situado en la Veiga de Creixomil, territorio de Guimarães, en una zona sensible de alto valor paisajístico, clasificada, de acuerdo con el Plano Director Municipal de Guimarães, como reserva ecológica nacional (REN), a suroeste del centro histórico de la ciudad de Guimarães. La morfología del terreno se caracteriza por una diferencia relativa de las cuotas, por la presencia de un canal de agua, caminos de tierra, gran visibilidad de los alrededores y proximidad de grandes zonas verdes.
Cafeteria colegio Los Nogales. Bogotá. Colombia
Authors: Daniel Bonilla Arquitecto
Published: September 2016

Bajo la idea de hacer una estructura expresiva y sismicamente eficiente el pabellón se desarrolla con una única columna tipo V que se rota e invierte progresivamente, generando una sumatoria aparentemente aleatoria. La forma resultante es muy eficiente para asumir fuerzas sismicas e incluso según calculo estructural estas columnas de concreto ocre hubiesen podido tener un espesor de 6 cms, sin embargo por procedimiento constructivo se debieron llevar a un mayor grosor y se vaciaron en una formaleta de liston de madera. El conjunto “parametrico” de columnas se envuelve entre dos planos analogos y se dilata del terreno, simulando que flota sobre el césped.
Capilla Colegio Los Nogales. Bogotá. Colombia
Authors: Daniel Bonilla Arquitecto
Published: September 2016

La pequeña capilla del Colegio Los Nogales parte de un prisma puro y elemental que escenifica la presencia de Dios, la armonía y lo esencial. Sin embargo, la convivencia del hombre esta asociada con lo complejo que resulta la vida y, por lo tanto, las cotidianas escenas de sufrimiento y felicidad que el hombre debe afrontar constantemente. Estas alteraciones de la armonía se escenifican en los elementos que laceran el volumen puro, reflejados en los vacíos y penetraciones que sufre el prisma. El orden del prisma se yuxtapone con unas cicatrices aleatorias de luz en todas las caras, inclusive en el cielo raso, son la alteración del orden de la naturaleza construido por el hombre y reflejan la individualidad en lo colectivo, cada una de ellas representa una oportunidad y una esperanza.
Modelización de crecimientos microbianos en medios heterogéneos y de movilidad reducida
Authors: Font Marques Meritxell , Ginovart Gisbert Marta
Published: September 2016

En este trabajo se han analizado diversos modelos computacionales publicados en revistas científicas que abordan el estudio del crecimiento microbiano en entornos semisólidos y heterogéneos en superficie, para valorar el interés y utilidad que pueden tener estos modelos en el entorno académico. Se han escogido dos de los modelos analizados como referencias fundamentales y fuentes específicas de información para el diseño y parametrización de un modelo basado en el individuo que pueda ser manejado en el estudio de estos sistemas microbianos. El nuevo modelo desarrollado, llamado INDISIM-Plate-NL, permite tratar con el crecimiento no planctónico de la bacteria Escherichia coli en una superficie, y se ha implementado en la plataforma de acceso libre NetLogo, un entorno de programación específico para la modelización multiagente. Con este nuevo simulador se han obtenido resultados de crecimiento bacteriano en forma de colonias con diferentes morfologías que están en buena correspondencia con resultados experimentales y resultados simulados publicados y referenciados en la literatura. El simulador posibilitará el estudio de estas poblaciones bacterianas con movilidad reducida en medio no líquido a través de la realización de experimentos virtuales en el aula.
Algunos secretos del documento nacional de identidad español: una aplicación de la aritmética modular a códigos detectores de errores
Authors: Esteban Romero Ramon
Published: September 2016

Presentamos algunos caracteres y dígitos de control que aparecen en
  el documento nacional de identidad español como ejemplo de aplicación de la aritmética modular al diseño
  de códigos detectores de errores. Esta actividad se ha desarrollado
  dentro del programa ESTALMAT de estímulo del talento matemático y en
  los campus científicos de verano organizados por VLC/Campus.
Children With Celiac Disease: Health-Related Quality of Life and Leisure Participation
Authors: Meyer Sonya , Rosenblum Sara
Published: September 2016

OBJECTIVE. We compared health-related quality-of-life (HRQOL) perceptions of children with celiac disease (CD) with those of their parents to determine whether their leisure participation differs from that of children without CD and whether relationships exist between leisure participation and HRQOL.

METHOD. Children with CD and their parents completed a disease-specific HRQOL self-report questionnaire, the Celiac Disease DUX. These children and matched controls without CD completed the Children’s Leisure Assessment Scale (CLASS).

RESULTS. Parents perceived HRQOL significantly more negatively than did children. No significant group differences were found in leisure participation. However, specific CLASS food-related activities and HRQOL significantly correlated.

CONCLUSION. Hearing the child’s voice in addition to the parents’ is important in determining the HRQOL of children with a chronic condition. Findings contribute to understanding of CD in the context of participation and well-being and can lead to development of occupational performance–based assessments and interventions for children with CD.
Coming Home to Family: Now Is the Time!
Authors: Stoffel Virginia (Ginny)
Published: September 2016

Family is a metaphor for the connectedness that occupational therapy practitioners and students feel for one another, for the American Occupational Therapy Association (AOTA), and toward those served. Exploring values and cultural practices that emanate from family experiences affects how we practice occupational therapy and engage with families; how we serve and lead; and how, as the profession approaches its 100th anniversary in the United States, we strengthen AOTA by welcoming all 213,000 practitioners and students who could become active, engaged members. The heartfelt connections experienced across our worldwide occupational therapy communities, giving support and nurturance to those who show promise, breaking down barriers and creating community as extended family, creating a sense of home and belonging, encouraging participation, and building excellence, strengthen the AOTA family. AOTA Vision 2025 serves as a means to facilitate the profession's future, where health, well-being, and quality of life are the outcomes of effective occupational therapy.
On the spatial and temporal variability of ENSO precipitation and drought
teleconnection in mainland Southeast Asia
Authors: Räsänen Timo A. , Lindgren Ville , Guillaume Joseph H. A. , Buckley Brendan M. , Kummu Matti
Published: September 2016

Abstract. The variability of the hydroclimate over mainland Southeast Asia is strongly influenced by the El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO), which has been linked to severe droughts and floods that profoundly influence human societies and ecosystems alike. Although the significance of ENSO is well understood, there are still limitations in the understanding of its effects on hydroclimate, particularly with regard to understanding the spatio-temporal characteristics and the long-term variation of its effects. Therefore we analysed the seasonal evolution and spatial variations in the effect of ENSO on precipitation over the period of 1980–2013 and the long-term variation in the ENSO teleconnection using tree-ring-derived Palmer drought severity indices (PDSIs) for the March–May season that span over the time period 1650–2004. The analyses provided an improved understanding of the seasonal evolution of the precipitation anomalies during ENSO events. The effects of ENSO were found to be most consistent and expressed over the largest areal extents during March–May of the year when the ENSO events decay. On a longer timescale, we found that ENSO has affected the region's March–May hydroclimate over the majority (95 %) of the 355-year study period and that during half (52 %) of the time ENSO caused a significant increase in hydroclimatic variability. The majority of the extremely wet and dry March–May seasons also occurred during ENSO events. However, considerable variability in ENSO's influence was revealed: the spatial pattern of precipitation anomalies varied between individual ENSO events, and the strength of ENSO's influence was found to vary through time. Given the high variability in ENSO teleconnection that we described and the limitations of the current understanding of the effects of ENSO, we suggest that the adaptation to ENSO-related extremes in hydroclimate over mainland Southeast Asia needs to recognise uncertainty as an inherent part of adaptation, must go beyond "predict and control", and should seek adaptation opportunities widely within society.
Tracking the Mediterranean Abyss
Authors: Aracri Simona , Schroeder Katrin , Chiggiato Jacopo , Bryden Harry , McDonagh Elaine , Josey Simon , Hello Yann , Borghini Mireno
Published: September 2016

Abstract. The abyssal velocity of the Northern Current, in the north-western Mediterranean has been estimated using for the first time MERMAIDs, i.e. submarine drifting instruments that record seismic waves. In this study the Northern Current shows an intense activity even in deep layers of the water column. Through pseudo-eulerian statistics different components of the observed variability are analysed and described, revealing the turbulent nature of the Liguro-Provençal basin abyssal circulation.
Use of Think-Aloud Protocols: Investigating the Writing Habits of Saudi EFL/ESL Learners
Authors: Alkhatnai Mubarak
Published: September 2016

This paper aims to investigate the writing processes of bilingual Saudi writers by means of think-aloud protocols. Think-aloud or talk-aloud protocols involve having participants verbally describe their activities while performing a given task. My goal was to understand the writing habits of Saudi EFL/ESL learners and what native Arabic speakers experience when writing in English by examining how they write compositions in English. My basic question for this investigation was “How do EFL/ESL Saudi learners write in English?” The goal of this study was to identify useful information for teaching EsL composition to Arabic-speaking learners in general and Saudi learners in particular. 
Direct Perception Expression in Japanese and Chinese
Authors: Li Wenchao
Published: September 2016

This paper tackles the adjective distribution in two different languages, Altaic language: Japanese and Sino-Tibetan language: Chinese. The findings bring us to the point that Japanese direct perception expression tolerates both open-scale and closed-scale adjectives. Chinese direct perception expression only licenses ‘totally open-scale adjectives’ and rule out ‘upper closed-scale adjectives’, ‘totally closed-scale adjectives’, ‘lower closed-scale adjectives’. The failure of Chinese closed-scale AP in direct perception expression lies in that the perception verb jian ‘to see’ is subjective. Open-scale adjectival perception verb complements in German and Chinese may invite temporary predications only by the addition of syntactic context, thus enabling the German/Chinese perception verb sehen, kanjian /jian to make a conceptualisation of the perceived event, offering an ‘evaluation’ or ‘interpretation’.  
Metropolitan Spillover Effects and Economic Growth of Non-Metropolitan Areas: Evidence from Indiana Counties
Authors: Zhong Litao
Published: September 2016

This paper examines the importance of metropolitan spillover effects on the economic growth of non-metropolitan counties in the state of Indiana by using panel data from 2003 to 2013. I hypothesize that metro economic size and non-metro counties’ locations, along with other metro social and economic factors, will have significant impact on non-metro counties’ economic growth. Based on the results from the Random-effects Generalized Least Squares (GLS) and the population-averaged Generalized Estimating Equations (GEE) regressions, metro GDP and population have significant, positive impacts on non-metro counties’ economic growth, while non-metro counties’ locations (i.e., the distance to a metro county), metro K-12 school enrollment, the wage gap and the number of commuters between metro and non-metro areas have significant, negative effects on the economic growth of non-metro counties in Indiana. Some of the dummy variables also showed significant association with the non-metro counties’ economic well-being.
Impact of Livelihood Empowerment against Poverty Programme in Ghana: The Case of Wa West District
Authors: Bawelle Eugene Bongfudeme Gideon
Published: September 2016

It still remains an unanswered puzzle, why poverty in the three northern regions of Ghana remains very high in the midst of abundant resources and several policy interventions. The purpose of this study is to ascertain the extent to which the Livelihood Empowerment Against Poverty (LEAP) has improved welfare and reduced poverty in the Wa West District of Ghana. Arguing through the lens of the rights-based theoretical perspective, the study employed the difference-in-difference analytical technique to compare the extent to which poverty in the district has been lessened among beneficiaries of the LEAP programme against non-beneficiaries. The results show that the LEAP programme had a positive impact on food security as LEAP beneficiaries were more satisfied with their food consumption as compared to non-beneficiaries. Also there was a significant difference between the percentages of LEAP beneficiaries enrolled onto the NHIS as compared to non-beneficiaries. On the effect of the LEAP programme on access to credit, the study reveals that there exists a significant difference between the beneficiary group and non-beneficiary group and that access to credit amongst the beneficiary group is significantly higher than the non-beneficiary group. The study finds no statistically significant relationship between the LEAP beneficiary group and the non-beneficiary group in terms of productive activities. However, low monthly cash transfers; irregular monthly payment, bureaucratic administrative procedures are some of the challenges hindering the success of the LEAP program in the Wa West district. Other policy implications are discussed.
Community Participation and Rural Development in Bushenyi District, Western Uganda
Authors: Patrick Mbyemeire , Deusdedit Byabashaija , Mathias Tumwesigye , Lawrence Mbabazi , Amos Kahara M. , Abodaya Afikwu-Abba C.
Published: September 2016

This article assessed the correlation between community participation and rural development in Bushenyi District. Utilizing survey cross sectional research design, a close ended questionnaire and an interview schedule were used to collect information which was utilized to respond to the research questions on how community participation relates to rural development in Bushenyi District in Western Uganda. Data was analyzed employing descriptive statistics like frequencies, percentages, tables and bar graphs. The researcher used Pearson linear correlation coefficient to establish the relationship between the variables under study. The study revealed that there was a significant positive and strong relationship between community participation and rural development in Bushenyi District. The researcher recommends that there is need to empower local council committees to be able to make decisions that are tailored to their local circumstances that can always steer up development. The government in Uganda should augment on the conditional and unconditional grants to local governments in order to help local government officials mobilize and sensitize the populace for self reliance and self help projects.
Functional and Morphologic Outcomes after Reoperation for Persistent Idiopathic Macular Hole
Authors: Hagiwara Akira , Baba Takayuki , Tatsumi Tomoaki , Sato Eiju , Oshitari Toshiyuki , Yamamoto Shuichi
Published: September 2016

Purpose

To determine the relationship between preoperative and postoperative characteristics and visual outcomes after successful surgery for unclosed macular hole (MH).

Methods

The medical charts of 166 eyes of 161 patients who underwent vitrectomy for a MH were reviewed. The MH was not closed in 9 eyes of 9 patients after the initial surgery. The second vitrectomy with additional internal limiting membrane (ILM) peeling and gas tamponade was performed. The preoperative and postoperative best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA), optical coherence tomographic images, MH size, duration of MH before the first operation, and area of ILM peeling were studied.

Results

The MH was closed in all eyes after the second surgery. The BCVA significantly improved from 0.77 to 0.25 logMAR units (20/118 to 20/36, p = 0.002). The postoperative subfoveal ellipsoid zone (EZ) was distinct and continuous in 3 eyes with good visual recovery. The final BCVA was not significantly correlated with the baseline characteristics and area of ILM peeling but was correlated with the postoperative status of the EZ.

Conclusions

All MHs were closed and the mean postoperative visual acuity was significantly improved. The reason for poor visual recovery was the reduced microstructural recovery after the second surgery.
TNF-α and LT-α Polymorphisms and the Risk of Leukemia: A Meta-analysis
Authors: Gong Li-li , Han Fei-fei , Lv Ya-li , Liu He , Wan Zi-rui , Zhang Wen , Shi Ming-biao , Pei Li-xia , Liu Li-hong
Published: September 2016

Aim

The aim of this study is to investigate whether TNF-α or LT-α polymorphisms are associated with the risk of leukemia.

Methods

A meta-analysis was performed to examine the association between the TNF-α −308 G>A and LT-α +252 A>G polymorphisms and the incidence of leukemia. We also performed subgroup analyses based on the classification of leukemias. Odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were used to evaluate the association.

Results

A total of 19 publications comprising 1,509 cases and 4,075 controls were selected in the study. An association between the risk of leukemia and the LT-α +252 AA genotype was found (GG + AG vs. AA, OR = 0.485, 95% CI 0.368-0.639, p = 0.000). After multivariable analysis TNF-α polymorphism showed no consistent association with leukemia.

Conclusions

This meta-analysis suggests that the LT-α +252 AA polymorphism is associated with the risk of leukemia.
Mitomycin C: New Strategies to Improve Efficacy of a Well-Known Therapy
Authors: Ragonese Mauro , Racioppi Marco , Bassi Pier Francesco , Di Gianfrancesco Luca , Lenci Niccolò , Filianoti Alessio , Recupero Salvatore M.
Published: September 2016

Mitomycin C (MMC) as an intravesical chemotherapeutic agent is a well-known option for treatment of nonmuscle invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC) recurrence; it is probably the most commonly used agent given its low rate of side effects and its efficacy.

Both the American Urologic Association (AUA) and European Association of Urology (EAU) consider MMC as a standard treatment for immediate single-dose postoperative treatment and for adjuvant therapy in low and intermediate-risk NMIBC.

Despite the popularity of this agent in the treatment of NMIBCs, many questions regarding the optimal approach to MMC therapy remain unanswered and the schedule widely used is empirical.

Nevertheless, even when the current optimal approaches to MMC administration are used, a large proportion of NMIBCs recur.

This apparent treatment resistance might be overcome by an optimization of standard MMC therapy or with a combination of MMC with other agents that have different mechanisms of action.

Strategies to enhance passive delivery of MMC have been well studied and multiple measures are recommended for implementation of use in routine clinical practice.

A modified scheme of instillation seems to be an easy and inexpensive alternative to increase efficacy of intravesical MMC and to also use this agent with an ablative intent.

Enhancing tumor response with a sequential therapy is another option that has been investigated, mostly for chemo-immunotherapy wherein the different mechanisms of action of Bacillus of Calmette and Guerìn (BCG) and MMC are combined to achieve a higher response.
Desenvolvimento Territorial Sustentável: O desafio contemporâneo de romper o globalitarismo existente pela busca de novas alternativas de consumo local
Authors: Martins Luciana Galvão , Tozetti Renata De Fátima , Ferreira Marcia Regina
Published: September 2016

O presente artigo revisita a política pública de Segurança Alimentar e Nutricional (SAN) no Brasil para discutir o desafio contemporâneo do consumo de alimentos saudáveis e de qualidade mediante a era da globalização e do uso de agrotóxicos. Problematizam-se o processo de globalização hegemônico, imposto pelo modelo de desenvolvimento capitalista, e os impactos desse mimetismo na saúde e qualidade de vida das pessoas de uma nação, apresentando dados alarmantes relacionados à obesidade no Brasil. Buscam-se autores no campo da economia para conceituar o que vem a ser o desenvolvimento de uma nação, rompendo com o pensamento economicista e avançando na busca de uma abordagem na qual pessoas e natureza possam de fato ser consideradas. Foram adotados os seguintes procedimentos metodológicos: pesquisa bibliográfica sobre temas como desenvolvimento, território, agroecologia, soberania alimentar e políticas públicas relacionadas, além de pesquisa em bases de dados secundárias como o Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística (IBGE), Instituto Nacional do Câncer (INCA), Agência Nacional de Vigilância Sanitária (ANVISA), Organização Pan-americana de Saúde (OPAS), Organização Mundial da Saúde (OMS) e Ministério da Saúde. Como resultado, percebe-se que é preciso repensar o território e o papel das políticas públicas [no âmbito do Desenvolvimento Territorial Sustentável] fomentando iniciativas locais, as quais possam gerar processos de libertação e que rompam as práticas globalitaristas impostas em nossa sociedade.
La agroecología en una encrucijada: entre la institucionalidad y los movimientos sociales
Authors: Giraldo Omar Felipe , Rosset Peter Michael
Published: September 2016

La agroecología está de moda. Es un acontecimiento nuevo con el cual ha aparecido una constelación de oportunidades que pueden aprovechar los movimientos sociales para avanzar en la transformación del sistema alimentario. Sin embargo, también ha emergido el riesgo de que sea cooptada, institucionalizada y despojada de su contenido político. Esta es la disyuntiva que analizamos en el presente artículo en clave de la ecología política: si la agroecología va a terminar siendo parte de la caja de herramientas del sistema agroindustrial para reestructurarse en el contexto de la crisis civilizatoria, o sí, por el contrario, se potenciará como una movilizadora alternativa política para transitar hacia la construcción de las alternativas al desarrollo.
Management of Patellofemoral Arthritis: From Cartilage Restoration to Arthroplasty
Authors: Mosier Brian A. , Arendt Elizabeth A. , Dahm Diane L. , Dejour David , Gomoll Andreas H.
Published: September 2016

The management of patellofemoral cartilage lesions is controversial and should begin with a comprehensive nonsurgical treatment plan. Patients with patellofemoral cartilage lesions in whom nonsurgical treatment fails may be candidates for surgical treatment. Surgical treatment strategies for the management of patellofemoral cartilage lesions are guided by the size, quality, and location of the defect. Recent advancements in cartilage restoration and arthroplasty techniques as well as appropriate patient selection and meticulous surgical technique have resulted in promising outcomes in patients with patellofemoral cartilage lesions who undergo surgical treatment.
Platelet granules – secretory and secretive
Authors: Jurk Kerstin
Published: September 2016

The article reviews three recent publications addressing physiological and pathological aspects of platelet granules and release as well as limitations of recent screening tests for diagnosis of non-syndromic inherited D-storage pool disease (1-3).
Indoor/outdoor navigation system based on possibilistic traversable area segmentation for visually impaired people
Authors: Frikha Jihen , Sellami Dorra , Khanfir Kallel Imen
Published: September 2016

Autonomous collision avoidance for visually impaired people requires a specific processing for an accurate definition of traversable area. Processing of a real time image sequence for traversable area segmentation is quite mandatory. Low cost systems suggest use of poor quality cameras. However, real time low cost camera suffers from great variability of traversable area appearance at indoor as well as outdoor environments. Taking into account ambiguity affecting object and traversable area appearance induced by reflections, illumination variations, occlusions (, etc...), an accurate segmentation of traversable area in such conditions remains a challenge. Moreover, indoor and outdoor environments add additional variability to traversable areas. In this paper, we present a real-time approach for fast traversable area segmentation from image sequence recorded by a low-cost monocular camera for navigation system. Taking into account all kinds of variability in the image, we apply possibility theory for modeling information ambiguity. An efficient way of updating the traversable area model in each environment condition is to consider traversable area samples from the same processed image for building its possibility maps. Then fusing these maps allows making a fair model definition of the traversable area. Performance of the proposed system was evaluated on public databases, with indoor and outdoor environments. Experimental results show that this method is challenging leading to higher segmentation rates.
Recorregut geològic i mineralògic per les comarques de Matarranya i dels Ports: des de Fontdespatla a Pena-Roja de Tastavins i a Herbers i Bolinxa
Authors: Mata Perelló Josep Maria , Pocoví Juan Andrés , Sanz Balagué Joaquim , Vilaltella Farràs Jaume
Published: September 2016

Recorregut realitzat el 17 de novembre de 2013. També en aquesta ocasió, el recorregut del present itinerari discorrerà per una zona en la qual conflueixen tres unitats geològiques netament diferenciades: la Depressió Geològica de l´Ebre, la Serralada Prelitoral Catalana (del Sistema Mediterrani), i la Serralada Ibèrica. Així, en el primer tram del recorregut, entre Fontdespatla i Pena-roja de Tastavins aquest oscil·larà entre les dues primeres unitats geològiques, efectuant-se parades tant en una com a l’altra. Després, entre Pena-roja de Tastavins i la fi del recorregut (molt prop del Port de Torre Miró, el recorregut recalarà a les dues últimes unitats geològiques esmentades, però especialment la Serralada Ibèrica. Per d’altra banda, el recorregut de l´itinerari, es realitzarà per dues comarques: una d´elles de la Regió de Tortosa, concretament per la comarca aragonesa del Matarranya; i l´altra de la Regió de Castelló: la comarca dels Ports. El recorregut començarà a la primera, per finalitzar a la segona.
Recorregut de recerca geològica i mineralògica pels Departaments de l´Aude (Pais d´Atsat / Axat - Fenolhedes) i Ariège (Pais de Sauth): des de Puèglaurenç / Puylaurens a Atsat / Axat, Quilhan / Quillan, Marsan / Marsa, Jocon / Joucou i Espesèlh / Espezel
Authors: Mata Perelló Josep Maria , Sanz Balagué Joaquim
Published: September 2016

Recorregut realitzat el 7 de juliol del 2014. El recorregut del present itinerari, es desenvoluparà íntegrament dintre del Sistema Pirinenc; i més concretament pels sectors per on s’estén la denominada Zona Nord – Pirinenca o Pirineu Septentrional. Així  el recorregut de l’itinerari s’iniciarà per les immediacions de la població de Puèglaurenç / Puylaurens dintre de l´extrem més occidental de la Serra de les Corberes. Des d´aquí caldrà anar cap a la població d´Atsat / Axat. Després, seguint sempre dintre d´aquesta unitat estructural del Sistema Pirinenc, el recorregut es dirigirà cap a Quilhan / Quillan, recorrent les Gorges de la Pierre – Lys, originades pel riu Aude en travessar la  Serra de Casteilles.
Recorregut de recerca geològica i mineralògica pel departament de l´Aude des de Carcassona / Carcassone a Salsinha / Salsigne, Vilanièra / Villenière i a las Tors / Lastours
Authors: Mata Perelló Josep Maria , Sanz Balagué Joaquim
Published: September 2016

Recorregut realitzat el 8 de juliol del 2014. El recorregut del present itinerari, es desenvoluparà a cavall de dues unitats geològiques netament diferenciades; així, el recorregut s´iniciarà a la Depressió d´Aquitànie, per on es desenvoluparà l´inici del d´aquest recorregut, entre afloraments dels materials cenozoics de la Depressió de Carcassonne, del Paleocè i de l´Eocè. La resta del recorregut, transitarà per les alineacions més meridionals de la Montagne Noire, entre afloraments de materials paleozoics (del Cambro – Ordovicià al Carbonífer), de molt diversa naturalesa Tot i això, nosaltres sols trobarem ara, afloraments devónics i càmbrics. Per d´altra banda, aquest recorregut es desenvoluparà íntegrament pel Departament de l´Aude, des de Carcassona / Carcassonne fins a Las Tors / Lastours.
Recorregut de recerca geològica i mineralògica per les comarques de la Noguera i del Pallars Jussà: des de la Baronia de Sant Oïsme a Àger, Sant esteve de la Sarga, Puigcercós i a Tremp
Authors: Mata Perelló Josep Maria , Sanz Balagué Joaquim
Published: September 2016

Itinerari realitzat el 9 d’agost de 2014. En aquesta ocasió, el recorregut de l’itinerari discorrerà, en la seva quasi totalitat pel Sistema Pirinenc, i més concretament ho farà per la seva Unitat Sudpirinenca Central (també anomenada com a les Serres Exteriors Prepirinenques). En concret, el recorregut del present itinerari passarà per dos dels seus sectors més representatius del Sistema Pirinenc; concretament pel Mantell del Montsec i pel Mantell de la Serra de Sant Mamet, situat al Sud de l´anterior. De fet, el recorregut inicial de l´itinerari discorrerà per la zona de contacte de les dues estructures pirinenques, entre la Baronia de Sant Oïsme i la població d´Àger. Després, a partir d´aquesta població i fins a la fi del recorregut (a Tremp) l´itinerari transitarà exclusivament pel Mantell del Montsec. De fet, a l´inici d´aquest tram, es travessarà la Serra del Montsec. Per altra banda, el recorregut de l’itinerari discorrerà per dues de les comarques lleidatanes: S´iniciarà a la de la Noguera (a la Baronia de Sant Oisme) i finalitzarà a la del Pallars Jussà (a Tremp, la seva capital).
Recorregut de recerca de geològica i mineralògica per la comarca de l´Alta Ribagorça: des del Pont de Suert, a les Mines de Malpàs i a la Vall d´Adons
Authors: Mata Perelló Josep Maria , Sanz Balagué Joaquim
Published: September 2016

Itinerari realitzat el 10 d’agost de 2014. En aquesta ocasió, la totalitat del present recorregut de l´itinerari discorrerà pel Sistema Pirinenc (i més concretament per la denominada Unitat de les Nogueres així com pel Mantell de Bóixols, en els darrers trams del recorregut de l´itinerari. Així, el recorregut s´iniciarà al Pont de Suert, per anar després a les conegudes Mines de Malpàs, situades dintre de la Unitat de les Nogueres. Després, el recorregut es dirigirà cap el Sud, fins trobar la carretera N – 260, per la qual s´anirà cap al Viu de Llevata. Aquest tram ja s´efectuarà dintre de la que podríem denominar com a zona d´interferència entre el Mantell de Bóixols i la Unitat de les Nogueres el qual ja no s´abandonarà fins a la fi del recorregut de l´itinerari. Posteriorment, es dirigirà cap a la Vall d´Adons, per on finalitzarà. Per d´altra banda, el recorregut s´efectuarà íntegrament dintre de la comarca de l´Alta Ribagorça (i més concretament, sols pel terme del Pont de Suert). Així, començarà prop del propi poble del Pont de Suert,  finalitzant prop del poble d´Adons, tot dintre de la mateixa comarca.
Recorregut de recerca geològica i mineralògica per les comarques del Pallars Jussà, de la Noguera i de l´Alt Urgell: des d´Isona al Port de Comiols, Peramola i a Oliana
Authors: Mata Perelló Josep Maria , Sanz Balagué Joaquim
Published: September 2016

Itinerari realitzat l’11 d’agost de 2014. En aquesta ocasió, el recorregut de l’itinerari discorrerà, en la seva quasi totalitat pel Sistema Pirinenc, i més concretament ho farà per la seva Unitat Sudpirinenca Central (també anomenada com a les Serres Exteriors Prepirinenques). En concret, el recorregut del present itinerari passarà per dos dels seus sectors més representatius; concretament pel Mantell del Montsec, el qual es recorrerà d´Oest a Est, al llarg de tot l´itinerari. Així, al llarg de l´itinerari, anirem trobant afloraments dels materials mesozoics que constitueixen aquest mantell (del Juràssic i del Cretàcic, fonamentalment, pels indrets per on transcorre); i també dels terrenys cenozoics que també el constitueixen (del Paleocè i de l´Eocè Inferior). Tanmateix, també trobarem afloraments dels conglomerats oligocènics postorogènics, els quals cobreixen sovint als anteriors; el mateix que els terrenys cenozoics més recents del Pleistocè i de l´Holocè, igualment detrítics. Per d’altra banda, el recorregut de l’itinerari discorrerà per tres de les comarques pirinenques de les Terres de Lleida; concretament per la del Pallars Jussà (per on començarà a Isona) i per la de l´Alt Urgell (per on finalitzarà a Oliana). Tanmateix es farà un curt recorregut per la comarca de la Noguera; concretament pel terme de la Baronia de Rialb, cap a la part central del recorregut de l´itinerari.
How Beliefs About Bladder Dysfunction Among Health-Care Professionals Influence Clinical Practice Development
Authors: Browne Catherine , Kehoe Maria , Salmon Nancy
Published: September 2016

Background:

Bladder dysfunction can affect up to 75% of people with multiple sclerosis (MS) on several important life domains. It is a multifaceted problem that remains underdiagnosed by health-care professionals. The aims of this study were to understand the perceptions of Irish health-care professionals regarding bladder dysfunction and to explore current service provision for people with MS.

Methods:

Two focus groups, three dyadic interviews, and one semistructured interview with 14 health-care professionals lasting up to 90 minutes were audio-recorded. Participants included eight physiotherapists, two occupational therapists, three nurses, and one clinical case manager from acute and community settings.

Results:

Thematic analysis of transcripts yielded two key themes. The first theme involves the underlying beliefs of health-care professionals, their clinical practice, and experiential knowledge in the model of clinical practice development in relation to bladder management. The second theme addresses the pivotal points in this model where change can be implemented to optimize bladder management. The first element of change encompasses the interaction between clinical practice and experiential knowledge of health-care professionals. The second element of change incorporates how acknowledgment of individual beliefs of health-care professionals can further inform clinical practice and experiential knowledge.

Conclusions:

These findings suggest that health-care professionals need to be aware of their beliefs in relation to bladder dysfunction. Examining these beliefs may influence how people with MS access health service provision for this disabling symptom. This type of reflexive practice may facilitate changes to existing perceptions and reduce the reluctance to discuss bladder symptoms.
Foot Temperature Trends in Normal, Diabetic, and Neuropathic Foot Populations
Authors: Alalwee Azza , LeSar Jonathan D. , Ghassemi Mina , Cheng Eugene , Stuto Steven , Osher Lawrence , Bastian Scott , Hetherington Vincent J. , Kawalec Jill
Published: September 2016

INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVES: Patients with underlying peripheral neuropathy are subject to changes in foot temperature. (1,2) Of the many forms of neuropathy that affect the lower extremity, the most notable are those types associated with diabetes. The aim of this study was to look for differences in temperatures between uncomplicated diabetic, diabetic neuropathic, and non-diabetic neuropathic feet.

METHODS: The feet of 75 subjects were divided into 3 groups: 1) normal (n=50 feet), 2) diabetic (n=50 feet), and 3) neuropathic (n=49 feet). The neuropathic group was further subdivided into diabetic neuropathies (n=20 feet) and non-diabetic neuropathies (n=29 feet). To properly assign subjects to groups, all participants underwent vibratory threshold testing with a biothesiometer. In addition, all diabetic subjects had added glycosylated hemoglobin (hemoglobin A1C) studies performed. Temperature measurements were recorded at nine distinct foot locations (six plantar and three dorsal). Data was statistically analyzed using the Kruskal-Wallis test.

RESULTS: For five of the plantar pedal sites tested, temperatures in the diabetic foot were significantly greater than those for the normal controls (p<0.05). At most sites, temperatures in the diabetic foot population tended to be higher than those in both diabetic and non-diabetic neuropathic feet, with the differences between the diabetic foot and non-diabetic neuropathic foot being statistically significant at one dorsal and five plantar sites. Patients in the non-diabetic neuropathic group were not stratified according to their specific neuropathic types.

CONCLUSIONS: Diabetic feet, with and without neuropathy, tend to be warmer than the feet of patients with other non-diabetic neuropathies. The finding of no statistical difference between non-neuropathic diabetic and neuropathic diabetic feet is unexpected in that a number of these patients were projected to have an autonomic system component. These null findings suggest the need to further investigate neuropathy solely determined by sensory testing versus tests for autonomic system involvement.
The Rare Lesser Metatarsal Bipartite Sesamoid – A Case Report and Literature Review
Authors: Hood Christopher R. , Eldridge Stephanie , Tran Matthew , Miller Jason R.
Published: September 2016

INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVES: There are several various accessory ossicles and sesamoid bones that can be seen throughout the foot and ankle, with reported incidence of 21.2% and 9.6%, respectively. Accessory ossicles and sesamoid bones usually remain asymptomatic until an inciting event (trauma, overuse) occurs and can then cause pain or degenerative changes. They can also be found in routine imaging. One of these confusing findings are lesser metatarsal sesamoids, which are a rare occurrence. Here radiographically we demonstrate the first such case of a fifth metatarsal bipartite sesamoid.

METHODS: A 31-year old female presented to the senior authors office for evaluation of the right foot after a motor vehicle accident (MVA). She was told she sustained a foot fracture at an outside emergency department. Her case was reviewed for presentation.

RESULTS: Physical exam did not elicit any pain to the forefoot as all symptoms were in the patients ankle. The initial radiograph was reviewed which revealed a bipartite sesamoid of the fifth metatarsal. No pedal fractures to the foot or ankle were appreciatd. MRI was ordered and confirmed this diagnosis with no active pathology to the forefoot.

CONCLUSIONS: number one at 7.6% and foot and ankle at 51.4%, respectively. One study found that initial emergency room diagnosis and final foot and ankle outpatient clinic diagnosis did not match in 21.4% of patients evaluated. Lesser metatarsal sesamoids are more common in the 2nd and 5th metatarsal and overall range between 0.2–15%. However, no literature to the authors knowledge exists demonstrating a bipartite lesser sesamoid, and more specifically to 5th metatarsal.
The Advantages of Dermoscopy in the Diagnosis of Acral Melanoma from Other Podiatric Lesions: A Literature Review
Authors: Patel Mansi , Boo HyunJi , Kandasamy Suganthi , Patel Dhagash , Iorio Anthony
Published: September 2016

INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVES: Melanoma is one of the most common primary malignant tumors arising in the lower extremity. It is crucial to diagnose melanoma as quickly and as efficiently as possible for a better prognosis. The use of dermoscopy is helpful in diagnosing such conditions. Dermoscopy is a non-invasive, in-vivo technique primarily used in the examination of pigmented skin lesions. This procedure allows the visualization of subsurface skin structures in the epidermis, dermoepidermal junction, and upper dermis - structures not visible to the naked eye. This poster presents the advantages of dermoscopy in the field of podiatry by assessing the dermoscopic criteria with positive predictive values for distinguishing acral melanoma from acral nevus. Additionally it analyzes cases of melanomas misdiagnosed as a plantar-pigmented wart and a diabetic ulcer.

METHODS: The authors used PubMed to perform an English language literature search. The exclusion criteria included articles older than 10 years. Inclusion criteria consisted of research done on humans and the terms dermoscopy and foot lesions or melanoma. After retrieving a total of 140 articles, 14 articles were found to meet both the inclusion and exclusion criteria.

RESULTS: Qualitative analysis of relevant articles demonstrates that the detection of malignant dermoscopic patterns enhances quick and correct diagnosis.

CONCLUSIONS: The use of dermoscopy is slowly evolving in podiatry. It aims to minimize the amount of biopsies taken, thereby decreasing the risk of creating an ulcer and reducing the patients exposure to anesthesia. While controversy remains over sensitivity and specificity of using a dermatoscope alone to diagnose pedal lesions, particular attention should be paid to the accuracy of diagnosing a lesion when dermoscopy is used in conjunction with a biopsy. With the continued usage of a dermatoscope along with experience and expertise in the field, the need for a biopsy could eventually be eliminated.
Type IV Cell-Mediated Hypersensitivity Reaction Caused by Titanium Implant Following Medial Displacement Calcaneal Osteotomy and First Metatarsal-Cuneiform Arthrodesis
Authors: Kriger Stephen J. , Behan Shontal A. , Bhakta Parth J. , Bruning Nicholas G. , Menninger Brennan A. , Razzante Mark C.
Published: September 2016

INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVES: Due to its inert character and desired biocompatibility, titanium (Ti) implants have been universally accepted as safer alternatives to the previous conventional orthopedic hardware implants. However, a recent emergence of Type IV hypersensitivity reactions to Ti have displayed symptoms that include eczema, contact dermatitis, prolonged fever, sterile osteomyelitis, and impaired fracture and wound healing. The following case presents a patient with postoperative incision dehiscence and devascularization of cortical surfaces in contact with Ti hardware after undergoing a medial displacement calcaneal osteotomy and a first metatarsal-cuneiform arthrodesis. To our knowledge, this is the only reported case of an allergic reaction to a Ti implant in the foot or ankle in the United States.

METHODS: Diagnostic tools to confirm a Ti hypersensitivity reaction include a patch test and lymphocyte transformation test. The lymphocyte transformation test can be utilized if a false negative patch test is suspected. Potential treatment options include immunosuppressants, removal or substitution of the Ti hardware, and external fixation.

RESULTS: In this case, the patient's allergy to Ti was confirmed with a patch test, and all hardware was subsequently removed with no other complications.

CONCLUSIONS: A hypersensitivity reaction to Ti should remain a differential diagnosis for a patient presenting with symptoms such as prolonged fever, contact dermatitis, sterile osteomyelitis, and impaired wound healing. Preoperative diagnostic tools, such as the patch test, can be utilized to prevent allergic reactions from occurring. Treatments for Ti hypersensitivity should be tailored to fit the patient's needs and can include removal or substitution of the Ti hardware, external fixation, and immunosuppressants.
Corynebacterium Striatum: A Concerning Pathogen of Osteomyelitis in the Diabetic Patient
Authors: Patel Sneha A. , Iacovella Jackeline , Cornell Rhonda S.
Published: September 2016

INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVES: Corynebacterium striatum (C. striatum) is known to colonize the skin and mucous membranes of most normal human hosts. While it is frequently isolated in clinical laboratories, the clinical significance of C. striatum is often unknown with respect to diabetic foot infections with osteomyelitis. There have been very few studies published on this topic, and even fewer that report on treatment courses. To our knowledge, there has been no study published reporting diabetic foot osteomyelitis with isolation of C. striatum from bone culture.

METHODS: Four patients were known to have been treated at our facility for C. striatum diabetic foot osteomyelitis. The medical records for each patient were thoroughly reviewed with close attention directed towards the past medical history, wound duration, wound and bone cultures, antimicrobial therapy and clinical outcomes.

RESULTS: Bone cultures of all 4 patients were notable for C. striatum. Diphtheroids were also noted on wound cultures for 3 patients which were not speciated. All bone cultures were obtained during surgical treatment of the diabetic foot infection. All patients were type II diabetics but varied with respect to age and gender. All patients were treated with an extended course of antibiotics and/or surgical resection of osteomyelitis. Patients were followed until complete wound closure.

CONCLUSIONS: We report four cases of diabetic foot osteomyelitis in which C. striatum was noted and treated as a pathogen. Diphtheroids are often overlooked as a potential pathogen in diabetic foot infections and rarely treated as such. However, our findings suggest that clinicians should consider C. striatum as a possible cause of osteomyelitis, especially when patients fail to completely heal wounds in a timely manner that have previously and repeatedly displayed Diphtheroids from cultures.
What is the Standard of Treatment for Plantar Psoriasis?
Authors: Birdwell Thomas B. , Hoque Sadiah M. , Kennedy Mara C. , Sim Jane H. , Vlahovic Tracey C.
Published: September 2016

INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVES: Psoriasis is a systemic condition with several dermatological manifestations that affect many individuals on a daily basis. According to Langley et al in a study titled “Psoriasis: epidemiology, clinical features, and quality of life,” psoriasis affects 2% of the American population, which is approximately 6 million people. Out of these 6 million people, approximately 2–3% are affected by palmoplantar psoriasis (Farber et al). Plantar psoriasis in particular can cause significant functional and social disabilities. To date there is paucity of information regarding the standard of treatment for plantar psoriasis. We will attempt to compile and summarize the research that will help doctors treat patients with plantar psoriasis using evidence-based medicine.

METHODS: A thorough review of the literature that has been published regarding the care of plantar psoriasis will be investigated and summarized. In this effort, we aim to create a resource to aid the physician in designing a treatment plan for the patient that will be most effective with the highest rate of successful skin clearance.

RESULTS: Although many studies have been done about psoriasis and its many forms, not much has been published focusing on plantar psoriasis. There lacks one concise source in regards to which treatment is most efficacious. We predict that through a thorough literature review an effective treatment protocol can be developed for plantar psoriasis.

CONCLUSIONS: The intent of this study is to perform a literature review on various treatment modalities to develop a protocol to medically manage plantar psoriasis.