bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Peningkatan Keterampilan Berbicara Pada Materi Ungkapan Tolong Dan Terima Kasih Muatan Pelajaran Bahasa Indonesia Melalui Video Animasi Bagi Siswa Kelas Ia SD Negeri 1 Tanjung Kecamatan Purwokerto Selatan Kabupaten Banyumas Pada Semester I Tahun Pelajaran 2020/2021.
Authors: Setia Yulian Donor
Published: December 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan keterampilan berbicara pada materi ungkapan tolong dan terima kasih melalui video animasi pada muatan pelajaran Bahasa Indonesia bagi peserta didik kelas IA SD Negeri  1 Tanjung Kecamatan Puwokerto Selatan Kabupaten Banyumas. Jenis penelitian ini adalah Penelitian Tindakan Kelas (PTK) yang dilaksanakan dalam tiga siklus.Penelitian Tindakan Kelas ini secara daring mengingat kondisi Covid 19 yang terjadi saat ini sehingga tidak dimungkinkan pembelajaran tatap muka. Pelaksaan pembelajaran dilakukan menggunakan platform Google Meet dan Zoom Meeting dengan presentasi menggunakan media power point yang didalamnya terdapat video animasi ungkapan tolong dan terima kasih yang bertujuan untuk meingkatkan keterampilan berbicara pada peserta didik kelas 1A SD N 1 Tanjung Kecamatan Purwokerto Selatan Kabupaten Banyumas.Keterampilan berbicara merupakan keterampilan kebahasaan yang sangat penting. Menurut Brown dan Yule (dalam Santosa, 2009:6.34), berbicara dapat diartikan sebagai kemampuan mengucapkan bunyi-bunyi bahasa untuk mengekspresikan atau menyampaikan pikiran, gagasan atau perasaan secara lisan. Berbicara sering dianggap sebagai alat manusia yang paling penting bagi kontrol sosial, karena berbicara merupakan suatu bentuk perilaku manusia yang memanfaatkan faktor-faktor fisik, psikologis, neurologist, dan linguistik secara luas.Dari penelitian tindakan kelas ini diperoleh penilaian unjuk kerja keterampilan berbicara subjek penelitian dari kondisi awal dengan rata – rata nilai 58, siklus I memperoleh rata – rata nilai 60.2, siklus II memperoleh nilai rata-rata 76,6 dan di siklus III memperoleh nilai rata-rata 86,5. Dengan demikian dari kondisi awal ke kondisi akhir, rata – rata nilai keterampilan berbicara ungkapan tolong dan terima kasih subjek penelitian mengalami peningkatan 28,5 poin. Dengan ketuntasan di siklus III mencapai 100%. Sehingga dapat disimpulkan bahwa melalui penggunaan  media video animasi dapat meningkatkan keterampilan berbicara peserta didik pada materi ungkapan  tolong dan terima kasih dengan muatan pelajaran Bahasa Indonesia siswa kelas IA SD Negeri 1 Tanjung Kecamatan Purwokerto Selatan Kabupaten Banyumas Tahun ajaran 2020/2021.Kata Kunci  : Video animasi, Tolong, Terima kasih.
Peningkatan Hasil Belajar Materi Makna Kosakata Dengan Menerapkan Model Pembelajaran Make A Match Menggunakan Game Edukasi Pada Peserta Didik Kelas II SDN 2 Pagergunung
Authors: Musrifah Wahyu
Published: December 2020

ABSTRAK Hasil nilai evaluasi mata pelajaran Bahasa Indonesia materi makna kosa kata pada peserta didik kelas II di SDN 2 Pagergunung tahun pelajaran 2020/2021 masih rendah. Hal ini dikarenakan guru belum menggunakan model, metode, dan media yang tepat. Penelitian ini dilakukan pada bulan November 2020 dengan model pembelajaran make a match menggunakan game edukasi. Metode pengumpulan data berupa kuantitatif dan kualitatif. Indikator keberhasilan adalah 85% dari jumlah peserta didik. Hasil analisis data menunjukkan adanya peningkatan hasil belajar pada peserta didik. Kondisi awal ketuntasan belajar 11% dengan rata-rata kelas 36. Pada siklus I mengalami peningkatan menjadi 32% dengan rata-rata kelas 62. Kemudian pada siklus II mengalami peningkatan lagi menjadi 58% dengan rata-rata kelas 73. Dan pada siklus III juga mengalami peningkatan lagi menjadi 89% dengan rata-rata kelas 84%. Berdasarkan data tersebut dapat disimpulkan bahwa penggunakan model make a match menggunakan game edukasi dapat meningkatkan hasil belajar makna kosa kata pada peserta didik kelas II di SDN 2 Pagergunung tahun pelajaran 2020/2021.Kata Kunci : Hasil Belajar, Make a match, game edukasi ABSTRACT The results of the evaluation scores subject matter meaning vocabulary for grade II students at  Pagergunung  2 elementary school in the 2020/2021 academic year are still low. This is because the teacher has not used the right models, methods and media. This research was conducted in November 2020 with a make a match learning model using educational games. Data collection methods are quantitative and qualitative. The success indicator is 85% of the total number of students. The results of data analysis showed an increase in learning outcomes in students. The initial condition of learning completeness is 11% with an average class of 36. In the first cycle it has increased to 32% with an average class of 62. Then in the second cycle it has increased again to 58% with an average class of 73. And in cycle III also increased again to 89% with a class average of 84%. Based on these data, it can be concluded that using the make a match model using educational games can improve learning outcomes for the meaning of vocabulary in grade II students at Pagergunung  2 elementary school in the 2020/2021 academic year. Keywords: Learning Outcomes, Make a match, educational games
PENERAPAN MODEL CONTEXTUAL TEACHING AND LEARNING UNTUK MENINGKATKAN PRESTASI BELAJAR SISWA DI SEKOLAH DASAR
Authors: Nurhayati Eni , Badarudin Badarudin , Yuwono Pratik Hari
Published: December 2020

Latar belakang penelitian ini yaitu rendahnya prestasi belajar siswa kelas IV Sekolah Dasar. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan prestasi belajar siswa yaitu dengan menggunakan model pembelajaran Contextual Teaching and Learning. Subjek penelitian ini yaitu siswa kelas IV dengan jumlah 29 siswa. Siswa tersebut terdiri dari 11 siswa laki-laki dan 18 siswa perempuan. Jenis penelitian ini yaitu Penelitian Tindakan Kelas (PTK) yang terdiri dari 2 siklus dengan masing-masing siklus terdiri dari 2 kali pertemuan dengan alokasi waktu 6 x 35 menit. Berdasarkan data hasil Penelitian Tindakan Kelas pada siklus I mata pelajaran IPA dengan presentase ketuntasan pada pertemuan ke-1 mencapai 58,62% pertemuan ke-2 mencapai 68,96%. selanjutnya pada siklus II pertemuan ke-1 mencapai presentase ketuntasan 79,31%, mengalami kenaikan yang signifikan pada pertemuan ke-2 yaitu 89,65%. Pada mata pelajaran Bahasa Indonesia Siklus 1 pertemuan ke-1 mencapai presentase ketuntasan 51,72%, pertemuan ke-2 mencapai 62,06%. Selanjutnya siklus II pertemuan ke-1 tingkat presentase ketuntasan mencapai 72,41%, mengalami peningkatan pada pertemuan ke-2 yaitu 82,75%. berdasarkan data rekapitulasi Penelitian Tindakan Kelas menunjukkan bahwa penerapan model pembelajaran Contextual Teaching and Learning apat meningkatkan prestasi belajar siswa kelas IV Sekolah Dasar.
PENERAPAN METODE EBI PADA PENGETAHUAN PROSEDURAL MATERI KPK DAN FPB SISWA KELAS IV SEKOLAH DASAR TAHUN PELAJARAN 2019/ 2020
Authors: Pramukti Anditasari Dewi
Published: December 2020

Penelitian ini dilatarbelakangi lemahnya pengetahuan prosedural siswa pada materi KPK dan FPB. Alternatif cara yang dapat digunakan untuk menngatasi lemahnya pengetahuan procedural siswa pada materi KPK dan FPB dengan menggunakan metode EBI. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengidentifikasi ada atau tidaknya perbedaan pengetahuan prosedural setelah menggunakan metode EBI pada materi KPK dan FPB siswa kelas IV SD Negeri Kebonsawahan 02 Juwana tahun pelajaran 2019/ 2020. Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian kuantitatif dalam bentuk pre Experimental Design dengan desain One Group Pretest-Posttest Design. Subjek penelitian ini seluruh siswa kelas IV yang berjumlah 36 siswa. Instrumen yang digunakan adalah lembar wawancara dengan guru dan lembar tes pengetahuan prosedural. Hasil  penelitian yang dilakukan di SD Negeri Kebonsawahan 02 Juwana menunjukkan bahwa terdapat perbedaan pengetahuan prosedural dalam pembelajaran materi KPK dan FPB dengan menggunakan metode EBI yang dilihat dari nilai rata-rata pretes yaitu 59,222 dengan nilai rata-rata posttes yaitu 74,972 dan hasil rata-rata nilai LKS pertemuan pertama 67,639 dengan nilai rata-rata LKS pertemuan kedua 71,139.  Kata Kunci: Pengetahuan prosedural, sekolah dasar
INSTRUMEN LITERASI SAINS DALAM PEMBELAJARAN ILMU PENGETAHUAN ALAM DI SEKOLAH DASAR
Authors: Azmy Bahauddin , Juniarso Triman
Published: December 2020

Literasi sains mendukung kurikulum sains yang sekarang ini berlaku dalam pembelajaran tematik, khususnya di sekolah dasar. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mendeskripsikan: (1) Jenis literasi sains dalam pembelajaran IPA SD; (2) Kemampuan literasi sains siswa dalam pembelajaran IPA SD; (3) Hasil pengembangan instrumen literasi sains untuk pembelajaran siswa SD. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian pengembangan dengan metode deskriptif eksplotif. Subjek dalam penelitian ini adalah siswa Kelas IV dan Kelas V SDN Wonokusumo yang berada di wilayah Kecamatan Mojosari, Kabupaten Mojokerto. Instrumen yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah lembar wawancara semi terstruktur untuk memperoleh data penggunaan literasi sains selama pembelajaran di kelas dan memperoleh data penguasaan siswa terhadap materi. Data yang diperoleh dianalisis secara deskriptif. Peneliti mendeskripsikan setiap aktivitas yang diperoleh dari hasil observasi dan hasil wawancara.
APPLICATION OF STEM BASED LEARNING, TECHNOLOGY, ENGINEERING AND MATHEMATICS LEARNING TO IMPROVE SCIENTIFIC ATTITUDES OF SCHOOL STUDENTS
Authors: Hayati Azizah Nurul , Badarudib Badarudin , Mareza Lia
Published: December 2020

Penelitian ini dilatar belakangi oleh rendahnya sikap ilmiah peserta didik, oleh karena itu, penelitian ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan sikap ilmiah peserta didik melalui pembelajaran STEM. Jenis penelitian ini adalah Penelitian Tindakan Kelas (PTK). Penelitian tindakan kelas ini dilaksanakan dalam 2 (dua) siklus, masing-masing siklus terdiri dari dua pertemuan dengan masing-masing pertemuan satu rencana pembelajaran. Penelitian ini terdiri dari tahapan perencanaan, tindakan, observasi dan refleksi. Subjek penelitian ini adalah peserta didik kelas VA SDN Kedunguter yang berjumlah 11 peserta didik laki-laki, 9 peserta didik perempuan. Alat pengumpulan data menggunakan lembar observasi aktivitasa guru, lembar observasi aktivitas peserta didik lembar sikap ilmiah dan lembar skala sikap ilmiah. Hasil peningkatan yang terjadi dapat di lihat pada setiap siklusnya. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa penggunaan pembelajaran berbasis STEM meningkatkan sikap ilmiah peserta didik pada tema 8 Sahabat Lingkunganku di kelas VA SDN Kedunguter.
LITERASI MATEMATIKA MAHASISWA DENGAN GAYA BELAJAR VISUAL
Authors: Yustitia Via , Juniarso Triman
Published: December 2020

Literasi matematika merupakan salah satu kemampuan yang dibutuhkan masyarakat di abad-21. Gaya belajar mempengaruhi kemampuan seseorang dalam memproses informasi. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mendeskripsikan literasi matematika mahasiswa Program Studi PGSD dengan gaya belajar visual. Pemilihan subjek diperoleh melalui angket gaya, kemudian terpilihlah satu mahasiswa (S1) dengan gaya belajar visual. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kualitatif. Data diperoleh melalui metode tes dan wawancara. Keabsahan data menggunakan triangulasi metode. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa subjek (S1) sudah mampu menyelesaikan soal literasi matematika setara level 1-4, namun S1 belum mampu menyelesaikan soal literasi matematika setara level 5 dan 6 sesuai indikator yang diadaptasi dari PISA.
PELESTARIAN KESENIAN KUDA LUMPING DAN REOG DI DESA ASINAN KABUPATEN SEMARANG
Authors: Mushafanah Qoriati , Prasetyo Singgih Adhi , Rofian Rofian , Rahmawati Intan
Published: December 2020

Kesenian kuda lumping dan reog di Desa Asinan, Kecamatan Bawen, kabupaten Semarang memiliki ciri kekhasan tersendiri dibandingkan kesenian kuda lumping dan reog dari daerah lain. Kelompok kesenian sanggar Margi Wijaya yang sampai saat ini masih konsisten melestarian kesenian Kuda Lumping dan Reog sehingga eksistensi keberadaan kesenian tersebut masih lestari. Penelitian ini mendeskripsikan permasalah (1) Bentuk pertunjukan kesenian kuda lumping dan reog di sanggar Margi Wijaya Desa Asinan, Kecamatan Bawen, Kabupaten Semarang, (2) Bentuk pelestarian keseninan kuda lumping dan reog Sanggar Margi Wijaya Desa Asinan, Kecamatan Bawen, Kabupaten Semarang. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode kualitatif, alat pengumpul data yang digunakan observasi, wawancara dan dokumen, teknik validitas data menggunakan triangulasi data, teknik analisis data menggunakan teknik Miles dan Huberman.Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bentuk pertunjukan dan pelestarian kesenian kuda lumping dan reog dari Sanggar Margi Wijaya di Desa Asinan, Kecamatan Bawen Kabupaten Semarang. Kesimpulannya kelompok kesenian Margi Wijaya Desa Asinan, Kecamatan Bawen masih melestarikan kesenian kuda lumping dan reog dan regenerasi penerus kelompok kesenian masih ada sampai saat ini.Kata Kunci     : Seni kuda lumping dan reog, Pelestarian.
Intrauterine Infusion of Autologous Platelet-Rich Plasma Affects the Endometrial Thickness, Epidermal Growth Factor and Pregnancy Outcome in Patients Undergoing IUI
Authors:   The High Institute of Infertility Diagnosis and Assisted Reproductive Technologies, Al-Nahrain University, Baghdad, Iraq., A. Abaid Wafaa , T. Al-Obaidi Manal ,   The High Institute of Infertility Diagnosis and Assisted Reproductive Technologies, Al-Nahrain University, Baghdad, Iraq., S. Abood Muayad ,   The High Institute of Infertility Diagnosis and Assisted Reproductive Technologies, Al-Nahrain University, Baghdad, Iraq.
Published: December 2020

Despite developments in assisted reproductive technology, there is immaterial progress in the implantation and pregnancy rates. Intrauterine infusion (IUIF) of autologous platelet-rich plasma (PRP) might renew implantation rates through its paracrine properties by progression cytokines and growth factors which favor implantation. Here we determine whether the IUIF of autologous PRP had a role in pregnancy outcome through its outcome on epidermal growth factor and endometrial thickness. An overall of 43 patients where prospectively randomly dispersed into two groups subjected to a superovulation program using Letrozole® tablet orally 2.5 mg twice daily 12 hours apart from day 2 for 5 days for one cycle. 20 women were considered as control receiving the conventional intrauterine insemination (IUI) management while 23 of them were given PRP by IUIF on the day of human chorionic gonadotrophin injection. The IUI was done for both groups 36-48 hours after confirming ovulation. The blood samples were collected from both groups on the day of IUI for the valuation of epidermal growth factor and an ultrasound was done on the day of human chorionic gonadotrophin injection and day of IUI for assessment of endometrial thickness. The mean endometrial thickness in the PRP group at the day of IUI was significantly thicker than that of the control group and the difference in percentage change of endometrial thickness between PRP group and controls significantly higher in PRP group. The mean epidermal growth factor and the pregnancy rate were significantly superior in the PRP group than that of controls. In conclusion, autologous PRP IUIF was well-tolerated and resulted in a significant expansion in endometrial thickness, epidermal growth factor Level and, subsequent pregnancy rate in an infertile woman undergoing IUI.
Recuperadores de materiales plásticos de Villavicencio: un aporte a la sustentabilidad de la ciudad
Authors: Bolaños Briceño Jorge Arturo , Ariza Marín Leidy Johana , Daza Niño Leidy Johana , Pineda Vicente Sebastián
Published: December 2020

El presente trabajo busca resaltar la importancia de la labor de los recuperadores de residuos plásticos. La investigación ha sido adelantada en Villavicencio-Meta en el marco del proyecto Investigación de mercados, enfocada en el aprovechamiento de residuos plásticos (PP, PEAD, PEBD) para el sector de la construcción, que busca abordar aspectos ambientales, sociales y económicos relacionados con el adecuado aprovechamiento de residuos plásticos en la ciudad.

La metodología empleada parte de un enfoque mixto (cualitativo-cuantitativo), gracias al cual, a través de entrevistas semiestructuradas y encuestas, ha sido posible establecer el número y las características de las asociaciones existentes en Villavicencio, las condiciones socioeconómicas de quienes se dedican a esta actividad, sus percepciones y perspectivas sobre el negocio y el siguiente eslabón de esta cadena productiva.

En general, es posible describir a los recuperadores como personas de bajos ingresos, que se dedican a esta actividad debido a factores como el nivel de escolaridad y la avanzada edad. Esto no significa que la actividad de recuperación de materiales plásticos sea un mal negocio, al contrario, reconocen que permite obtener buenos ingresos en la medida en que se recoja una buena cantidad de residuos; sin embargo, existe una alta competencia en el oficio y los precios de compra tienden a la baja, ya que este tipo de materia prima suele importarse a precios más bajos.
Apropiación de contenidos antropológicos mediante las estrategias pedagógicas de cine-foro y trabajo colaborativo. Parte 1
Authors: Tulcán Omar Frederikson
Published: December 2020

La Antropología, en palabras de Conrad Phillip Kottad (2011), es “el estudio de la especie humana y sus ancestros inmediatos […] es una ciencia excepcionalmente comparativa y hoslística […]” (p. 5). La cual permite comprender al ser humano y adentrarse en las preguntas más fundamentales de la existencia misma. Así pues, las preguntas ¿quién soy?, ¿para dónde voy?, ¿cuál es mi origen?, ¿cuál es mi papel en el mundo?, no son únicamente preguntas que corresponden a los filósofos teóricos, sino que también atañen al común de las personas. De esta manera, la antropología “se enfrenta y reflexiona sobre las grandes preguntas de la existencia humana al explorar la diversidad humana, biológica y cultural” (Kottad, 2011 p. 5) y se convierte en esa área transversal que es vista por todos los estudiantes de la Uniagustiniana. En este orden de ideas, las notas de clase de antropología buscan que estudiantes de otros programas académicos diferentes al de filosofía se interesen por este estudio y generen conocimiento en torno a las preguntas antropológicas. Este documento se lleva a cabo con estudiantes de Hotelería y Turismo de la Uniagustiniana y se divide en dos unidades fundamentales: 1. Introducción a la antropología y 2. Antropología filosófica. En cada una de estas unidades se presenta la comprensión temática de algunos pensadores a partir del cine y lecturas propias del área. Para ello, se hace un aprendizaje mediante cine-foros y actividades en clase que promueven el trabajo colaborativo permitiendo la apropiación de contenidos de manera didáctica en los estudiantes.
STRUCTURAL AND SEMANTIC TYPOLOGY OF THE METAMORPHIC ORNITHOLOGICAL PLOT OF AN EAST SLAVIC TALE (SUS 425М)
Authors:   Smolensk State University, Russia, Kayanidi Leonid G.
Published: December 2020

In Russian research on fairy tales, there are two approaches to the tale of the wife of the water snake. One approach (that of E.A. Kostyukhin) denies that such plot type belongs to the fairy-tale genre and relates it to the folk novella. Another one (that of G.I. Kabakova) focuses on the etiologic finale, perceiving it as an alternative to compensating the fairy tale shortcoming. The author applied the structuralist method in the analysing of fairy tales about wife of a water snake. As a result, a typology of the plot type 425M was created. He managed to identify its invariant scheme, as well as describe all digressions from it (variations and variants). Characteristic of the 425M plot invariant is the complicated initial part, in which the author suggests to single out a block of zero, or imaginary, shortcoming, and a block of true, actual shortcoming. The structural-semiotic plot scheme correlates with the motivational scheme proposed by G. Kabakova, but enhances it with an emphasis in inversion of the basic semantic opposition of its own, human and alien, non-human, which makes it possible to explain why the final transformation becomes the compensation for the shortcoming. The final transformation of the heroine (and / or her children) into birds and reptiles is considered to be an example of mythological mediation. The heroine eliminates the shortcoming with an action asymmetrically opposite to the action of the antagonist action, namely, with the transformation, due to which a new opposition “cuckoo – water snake” is formed, which removes the former – “insider – outsider”. The daughter triumphs over her mother without causing the latter direct harm, and is reunited with her husband.
Causes of the field flowline weld joint rust-through damage
Authors:   Orenburg State University, Mambetov Rinat F. , Kushnarenko Vladimir M. ,   Orenburg State University, Hafizov Fanil Sh. ,   Ufa State Petroleum Technological University
Published: December 2020

The paper presents results of the flowline pipe analysis in order to determine the causes of the butt weld joint rust-through damage (wormhole). Using Baumann sulfur print technique, the presence of iron sulfides scale on the inner pipe surface was studied. Using X-ray diffraction technique, the phase composition of the corrosion products was determined. It was found that chemical composition and mechanical properties of the metal from the studied flowline fragment comply with standard requirements. The resulting hardness values including those in the weld joint zones indicate that the metal has a certain corrosion-cracking resistance. Results of metallographic studies of longitudinal polished samples with full product thickness show that the residues of the weld capping pass remained on the bottom of the corrosion pit in the area of the observed rust-through hole. They have multiple pores up to 3 mm diameter. The corrosion pit surface is covered with iron sulfide layer 1–3 mm thick. The sulfide layer thickness in the area of the corrosion pit is 10+ times higher than on the rest pipe surface; this indicate that the corrosion process progressed faster here. The authors concluded that the cause for the weld joint rust-through damage was the pit corrosion that occurred under the impact of H2S-containing fluids on the lower generating line of the pipeline in the area of the weld startstop, where the weld root side suckback was observed. Probably, there was a flaw in the first weld pass within the corrosion pit area (shrinkage cavity, incomplete fusion, pore, or other), and the accelerated corrosion was the consequence of H2S-containing liquid slug here. This suggests that there was a flaw in the first weld pass within the area of the corrosion pit that has propagated along the first weld pass start-stop line.
3D-GIS for support of works on geotechnical monitoring of objects of main pipelines
Authors:   Pipeline Transport Institute, LLC, Makarycheva Elizaveta M. , Kuznetsov Тaras I. ,   Pipeline Transport Institute, LLC, Polovkov Sergey A. ,   Pipeline Transport Institute, LLC, Baryshev Alexander I. ,   Pipeline Transport Institute, LLC, Pokrovskaya Elena A. ,   Pipeline Transport Institute, LLC
Published: December 2020

The article presents the results of the development of specialized 3D-GIS as a tool for structuring, storing, reproducing, processing and analyzing data for geotechnical monitoring of main pipeline facilities. The authors proposed a solution to the problem of the complexity of processing large amounts of data by creating a unified environment of geographically distributed information through a geo-portal and implementing services on the basis of the geo-portal for automated processing and analysis of information, as well as computational algorithms. The description of the structure and functionality of the developed 3D-GIS is given. Methods for obtaining and processing 3D data are disclosed, and the data is analyzed. Results of a quantitative assessment of changes in the natural environment, plan-elevation position and geometry of objects based on the data of several cycles of surveys by methods of ground and air laser scanning are presented. The advantages of 3D-GIS in solving problems of geotechnical monitoring, as well as the possibility of using 3D-models for solving other production and research problems are highlighted.
Development of the mathematical model for assessing the optimal measurement step when surveying the depth of the underground pipeline from the ground
Authors:   Ukhta State Technical University, Aginey Ruslan V. , Islamov Rustem R. ,   Transneft Nord, JSC, Firstov Alexey A. ,   Saint-Petersburg Mining University, Mamedova Elmira A. ,   Gazprom Proektirovanie, LLC, Kapachinskikh Zhanna Y. ,   Saint-Petersburg Mining University
Published: December 2020

Existing methods for estimating the bending stresses of buried pipeline section based on the survey data for the depth of the axis of the pipeline from the ground surface are characterized by a large error between the real values of the bending stress and the values of the bending stress obtained from the calculation results based on the survey data. The purpose of this study is to improve the methodology for calculating the bending stresses of buried pipeline section based on the results of determining the depth of the axis of the pipeline from the ground surface, taking into account the design features of the pipeline and the used search equipment. Mathematical models are proposed that allow for the set value of the maximum error in determining bending stresses for a particular pipeline to choose the optimal measurement step before the survey, which will allow to reduce the error. Explanations are given on the choice of the maximum step of the study based on the strength characteristics of the pipeline. A calculation is provided that confirms the adequacy of the developed mathematical models and the possibility of their application in practice.
Analysis of the efficiency of stage-by-stage treatment of rainwater and industrial wastewater during the operation of oil pipelines and petroleum products’ pipelines
Authors:   Pipeline Transport Institute, LLC, Nikolaeva Arina V. , Zhitova Natalya A. ,   Pipeline Transport Institute, LLC, Agafonov Pavel А. ,   Pipeline Transport Institute, LLC, Polovkov Sergey A. ,   Pipeline Transport Institute, LLC, Norina Lidia А. ,   Transneft, Troshin Mikhail A. ,   Pipeline Transport Institute, LLC
Published: December 2020

Treatment of rainwater industrial wastewater during the operation of oil pipelines and petroleum products’ pipelines is a complex technological process that involves water purification from dissolved and emulsified oil products, oil, suspended solids and other polluting components. Organizations of the Transneft system have implemented a highly efficient technology for treatment of oily effluents, which makes it possible to reduce the level of pollutants to standard values. In order to assess the efficiency of the treatment facilities, an industrial, environmental and analytical control has been organized, which is carried out at all stages of the wastewater treatment and disinfection (after each block of equipment). Also, in order to optimize the performance of this procedure, a specialized program has been developed that allows for an operational analysis of the control results, as well as a comparative analysis of data (values of pollutant concentrations and treatment efficiency) at each stage of the process. According to the measurement results, the average indicators of the concentration of pollutants at all stages of purification are calculated for the observation period. According to these indicators, graphs of their compliance with regulatory requirements and comparison graphs with the typical scheme are plotted, and based on the results obtained, a conclusion is drawn about the efficiency of the treatment facilities for the selected observation period and based on the annual results.
Method of forming an additional indicator for assessing the viscosity of degraded oil during an oil spillage on the sea surface
Authors:   National Aerospace Agency, Mammadly Rashad Sh. , Eminov Ramiz A. ,   Azerbaijan State Oil and Industry University, Asadov Hikmat H. ,   National Aerospace Agency
Published: December 2020

The relevance and the possibility of introducing an additional information attribute in the study of the viscosity of degraded oil are considered. The method for the formation of this attribute is presented – logarithmic index of relative viscosity (γ). Taking into account the known interrelationships of individual processes occurring with oil in the aquatic environment, it is shown that with a certain dynamics of mutual changes in fractional portions Fem and Fev the introduced indicator reaches its minimum. An example of using the proposed indicator in assessing the level of pollution of the surface layer of the atmosphere with vapor of light fractions during oil spill is given. Thus, the minimum γ indicates the joint occurrence of evaporation and emulsification processes, in the absence of a minimum γ only the evaporation process takes place. At minimum γ based on the results of previous studies, a qualitative conclusion can be drawn about the high degree of pollution of the near-surface layer of the atmosphere. To quantify such pollution, you can use the data obtained previously during similar studies for a particular type of oil.
Review of the experience of product conformity assessment organizations in Canada
Authors:   Pipeline Transport Institute, LLC, Aralov Oleg V. , Buyanov Ivan V. ,   Pipeline Transport Institute, LLC, Vyunov Sergey I. ,   Pipeline Transport Institute, LLC, Tuzov Vladimir Y. ,   Pipeline Transport Institute, LLC
Published: December 2020

A review of the international practice of conformity assessment and accreditation organizations allows us to study current trends in this area and use best practices to improve the Russian system for assessing the conformity of products used in the system of main pipeline transportation of oil and petroleum products. The purpose of this article is to provide an overview of the current experience of conformity assessment and accreditation organizations in Canada. The features of the national system conformity assessment have been analyzed. It was noted that it has a centralized nature, while the federal nonprofit organization – Standards Council of Canada, which has significant authority in the country and is recognized abroad, has the exclusive authority for accreditation. Structure and features of the work of the leading organizations of the system conformity assessment in Canada have been reviewed: Standards Council, Canadian Standards Association, Underwriters Laboratories of Canada, and QPS. It was concluded that that Canada has created a unified State system of conformity assessment, based on both international and national standards, as well as on the documents of certification organizations.
Impactos ambientales en la tira litoral de la costa por acción antrópica en la ciudad de Trujillo, Perú
Authors: Bocanegra García Carlos A. , Veneros Urbina Bilmia , Culquichicón Malpica Zoila Gladis
Published: December 2020

En la presente investigación se describen y analizan los impactos de la transformación antrópica de la franja costera litoral de la ciudad de Trujillo, debido a la construcción y ampliación sistemática de una estructura rígida denominada molón retenedor de arena en el puerto de Salaverry. Se describen y analizan los impactos de la transformación antrópica de la franja y sus consecuencias debido a la construcción del molón retenedor. Se utilizaron imágenes satelitales, fotografías y cartas hidrográficas para el análisis buscando concientizar e incentivar a científicos, autoridades y ciudadanía en general sobre la conservación de la costa y el salvamento de esta. Los principales impactos están relacionados con la modificación de la línea de costa a los que se adicionan la destrucción de playas y la alteración de los ecosistemas. La erosión como fenómeno ha ido afectando a muchas áreas costeras, pero en esta en particular, el problema se ha acrecentado y parece no detenerse, aun cuando se conocen todos los aspectos e impactos climáticos que esto pueda generar, tales como desestabilizar los hábitats naturales y cambiar las conductas de las mareas, direccionándolas a áreas no previstas.
Bağcılıkta Araştırma-Yayım- Çiftçi İlişkilerinin Değerlendirilmesi: Isparta, Burdur ve Antalya Örneği
Authors: EMRE Meltem , KARAMÜRSEL Dilek , ÖZTÜRK Fatma , BAYAV Alamettin , KİRACI Mehmet Ali
Published: December 2020

2017-2018 yılları arasında yürütülen bu çalışmada, Türkiye bağcılığında önemli yere sahip Isparta, Burdur, Antalya illerinde bağ yetiştiriciliğiyle uğraşan çiftçi, yayım teşkilatı ve araştırma kuruluşlarının bağcılık eksenli ilişkilerinin belirlenmesi ve sektör paydaşları arasındaki işbirliğinin güçlendirilmesine yönelik öneriler geliştirilmesi amaçlanmıştır. Bu amaçla bağcılık yapan çiftçiler, kamu ve özel sektör yayımcıları ile ilgili illerde bulunan üniversite ve araştırma enstitülerinde bağcılık konusunda çalışma yürüten öğretim üyeleri ve araştırmacıların katılımı ile Odak Grup Toplantısı (OGT) gerçekleştirilmiştir. Yapılan toplantıda, sektör paydaşlarına, bağ yetiştiriciliğinde bölgedeki mevcut durum ve sorunlara ilişkin toplantı öncesinde hazırlanmış olan sorular yöneltilerek konunun tartışılması sağlanmıştır. Çalışmada, araştırma-yayım-çiftçi arasındaki ilişkiler, bağcılık özelinde ele alınmış olsa da, elde edilen sonuçlar ve yapılan öneriler, tüm tarımsal faaliyetlerde sektör paydaşları arasındaki işbirliğinin güçlendirilmesi gerektiğini ve yayımın önemini bir kez daha göstermiştir. Bu nedenle çalışmada bağcılığı, konu açısından örnek tarımsal faaliyet olarak değerlendirmek mümkündür.
Hip abduction and supported standing affect the ranges of hips extension in spinal muscular atrophy patients
Authors: Stępień Agnieszka , Sikora-Chojak Joanna , Maślanko Katarzyna , Kiebzak Wojciech
Published: December 2020

Introduction:
Recommendations for management of spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) do not contain detailed information about the position of lower limbs during support standing. It has been observed that during the measurement of the range of extension in the hip joint (HE) in SMA patients, the examined limb was often naturally abducted.

Aim:
The main aim of the study was to compare the values of HE in the sagittal plane and in abduction, and to assess the correlation between the duration of supported standing and HE in SMA patients.

Material and methods:
The study group consisted of 75 SMA individuals aged 2–22 years and control group consisted of 202 healthy participants. The measurements were performed with the Rippstein plurimeter and goniometer.

Results and discussion:
Range of HE in SMA patients was larger in abduction than in the sagittal plane. A correlation was noted between the duration of supported standing and HE.

Conclusions:
Supported standing with hip joint abduction should be used in SMA patients. The obtained results broaden the knowledge about the biomechanics of hip joints in SMA patients.
Le Contrôle des Marchés Financiers en Droit Qatarien Articulations externes et synergie interne
Authors: Mzoughi Chaker
Published: December 2020

Une étude sur le contrôle des marchés financiers qatariens est d’actualité à plus qu’un titre. Tout d’abord, la Bourse du Qatar cherche à s’affirmer dans le paysage économique malgré les richesses naturelles, c’est ce qui fait de cette bourse un exemple de l’importance de l’investissement boursier. Ensuite, une étude analytique, critique et comparative du contrôle des marchés financiers s’impose pour pouvoir évaluer cette jeune expérience et proposer des solutions d’évolution. D’où la question de savoir comment le législateur qatarien a-t-il procédé pour assurer un contrôle efficace et efficient des marchés financiers. La lecture de la loi n° 8 de 2012 sur la Qatar Financial Markets Authority (QFMA), la loi n° 13 de 2012 sur la Banque Centrale du Qatar (BCQ) et les règles de la Bourse du Qatar (RBQ) reconnaissent à différents organes un rôle à des degrés différents, dans la mission de contrôle. Ces organes qui constituent des structures indépendantes s’articulent dans un mouvement cohérent, dans une action coordonnée par le législateur et concourent à un effet unique, à une seule action.
OCTOBER 11, 2016: INTERNATIONAL DAY OF THE GIRL SAVE GIRL CHILD & EDUCATE HER
Authors: Patel Amrit
Published: December 2020

Woman is the procreator and the mother of tomorrow shaping the destiny of civilization. For a woman, pregnancy is the most delighted event but in India in some cases the birth of a girl child is a gloomy and despair event and perhaps the gravest concern facing humanity. The United Nations has been observing each year on 8th March “International Women’s Day since 1975 to achieve specified mandate enshrined in its resolution. Subsequently, in order to focus undivided attention to girl child the United Nations, since 2012, has been observing 11th October each year as “International Day of Girl Child”. Acknowledging the significance of the girl child India went ahead and has been observing 24th January each year since 2008 “National Girl Child Day” & National Nutrition Week from September 1-7 since 1982 . It is against this background, this development perspective article briefly highlights the pathetic scenario of girl child worldwide & in India specifically despite the implementation of specific policy & programs in India and suggests strategy to achieve the goal “ Save the girl child & Educate the girl” as a part of United Nations Sustainable Development Goal-4 [“Achieve gender equality and empower all women and girls “by 2030] when India could not achieve UN Millennium Development Goals by 2015 in this regard.
ALANKARAS IN RATNAVALI
Authors: Raghavan Sujatha
Published: December 2020

RATNAVALI Drama was written by SRI HARSHA a famous poet in Sanskrit. It contains four acts. Udayana is the courages Hero and Rarnavali is heroine in this drama. The main sentiment in this drama is SRINGARA, and main Virtham is KOWSIKI. Here the author describes the love between Udayana and Ratnavali in heart touching and beautiful manner. Many types of Alankaras used for this purpose which was taken from Kuvalayananda.
CREDIT CARD - A WAY TO GENERATE LEGITIMATEMONEY FOR PAYMENTS
Authors: Regi. S.Bulomine
Published: December 2020

This paper discusses on credit card features, advantages and disadvantages. It helps the reader to enrich themselves in knowing about credit card in detail. Credit cards enable an individual to purchase products or services without paying immediately. The buyer only needs to present the credit cards at the cash counter and sign the bill. Credit card can, therefore, be considered as a good substitute for cash or cheques. A Credit card is a card or mechanism which enables cardholders to purchase goods, travel and dine in a hotel without making immediate payments. The main objective of this paper is to identify and study the advantages and disadvantages of using credit card. From this paper, it is observed that credit card is boon if the credit cardholder used with special care, otherwise the cardholder has to face deficit in their course of time.
CONSTRUCTIVIST APPROACH: CREATING A MEANING TO LEARNING
Authors: Chiniwar Prabha S.
Published: December 2020

The author is wholly concerned with the unstressed learning of the students for which he wants to revolutionize the way of teaching English. A foreign language is learnt specially with the translation method is the practical side of the language learning. The author has experienced the various learning criteria of learning language as he has been working in the Tribal Institution. For the infants the most practical and fruitful method we have gone through is the Direct Method of language learning. The Direct Method refers to the ‘Direct approach in the language application’

The words, ‘This’, ‘That’, envisage to the appetite of understanding the information of the object. These words are to be regarded as the model words of the ‘Direct Method.’

In language learning, the presentation of the objects or the things put a sort of stress on the views of the students that is accompanied with the experience. The author is feasibly concerned with the – 1. Actual understanding of the language by the student, 2.Throughout application of the language by the student, 3. The proper information and stress on the words by the students and 4. Beneficence of the learnt language to the student. We look in for the various methodologies in making language learning easy.
NET NEWS READING HABIT AMONG ARTS AND SCIENCE COLLEGE STUDENTS
Authors: Ramakrishnan  , Priya J.Johnsi
Published: December 2020

Net news is more vivid and quick. It comes with audio video clippings. It is livelier than printed newspaper. Net news have galaxy of items to read on. It can be read anywhere and at any time provided one has android, windows or ios smart phones with net card or laptop with data card or dongle. News has a wide variety of things be it education, political, social, cultural, economy, entertainment and so on. Regular reading of news in net enhances the worldly knowledge of students. But how far our younger generations have developed the habit of reading net news is the question raised in our minds. Reading news in net would enhance the General Knowledge and current worldly affairs of a student.  Net news reading makes a man informative. Hence, the present topic has been chosen as Net news reading habits of Arts and Science College students. The study has used questionnaire for finding out net news reading habit among arts and science college students. The investigator has collected a sample of 200 arts and science college students from Madurai. The investigator has used stratified random sampling technique for the present study.  The findings of the study reveals that the arts and science college students 2% of them read daily,  8% of them read weekly once and  22% of them read monthly once and 68% of them read net news occasionally.
AGEING OF SERVICE PENSIONERS AND ITS IMPACT ON PENSION EXPENDITURE IN KERALA
Authors: Ansar M.S. , Arunachalam P.
Published: December 2020

Population of Kerala has been ageing faster compared to ageing of population in other Indian states. Service pensioners, who are part of the general population, have also been ageing in Kerala.  Peculiar aspect of the ageing of service pensioners is that ageing is more pronounced in the oldold and oldest old category of pensioners.  Ageing of pensioners increases the number of pensioners which in turn increases the pension expenditure in Kerala.
THE ANATOMICAL CHARACTERS OF Ampelocissus (Vitaceae) IN SUMATRA
Authors: Dalimunthe Syadwina Hamama , Chikmawati Tatik , Widjaja Elizabeth A.
Published: December 2020

The revision of Ampelocissus was performed by observing the anatomical character of Ampelocissus leaves. The leaves were collected from 33 collection numbers of Herbarium Bogoriense (BO) and four collection numbers from Sumatra exploration. The purpose of this study is to update the information of diversity and to support species concept delimitation of Ampelocissus based on the anatomical study, especially on the sterile plant. Anatomical characters were observed on nine species and one variety of Sumatran Ampelocissus. Ampelocissus species is varied by the anatomical characters, i.e.: shape of the anticlinal wall of abaxial and adaxial epidermal cell, number of palisade layers, upper epidermal cell thickness, leaf thickness, presence of papillae on stomata neighboring cell, type, and shape of calcium oxalate crystals, also stomata position. The cluster analysis of Ampelocissus in Sumatra based on 16 anatomical characters showed the coefficient similarity in the range of 0.48 - 0.81. The research showed that the leaf anatomical characters can be used as additional characters to distinguish the species of Ampelocissus.
Keywords: calcium oxalate crystals, diversity, papillae, similarity coefficient, species concept
 
ABSTRAK
Ciri Anatomi Ampelocissus (Vitaceae) di Sumatera
Revisi Ampelocissus dilakukan dengan mengamati ciri anatomi daun dari marga Ampelocissus. Sebanyak 33 nomor koleksi Herbarium Bogoriense (BO) dan empat nomor koleksi hasil eksplorasi di Sumatera digunakan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memperbarui informasi mengenai keanekaragaman dan mendukung konsep jenis Ampelocissus berdasarkan ciri anatomi, terutama pada tumbuhan steril. Studi anatomi dilakukan pada sembilan jenis dan satu varietas Ampelocissus di Sumatera. Jenis-jenis Ampelocissus di Sumatera bervariasi pada ciri anatomi yaitu bentuk dinding antilkinal sel epidermis pada bagian abaksial dan adaksial, jumlah lapisan jaringan tiang, ketebalan sel epidermis atas, ketebalan daun, kehadiran papila, jenis dan bentuk kristal kalsium oksalat, serta posisi stomata terhadap sel epidermis pada bagian abaksial daun. Analisis pengelompokan Ampelocissus di Sumatera menggunakan 16 ciri antomi dan menghasilkan fenogram dengan koefisien kemiripan 0,48 - 0,81. Ciri anatomi daun dapat digunakan sebagai ciri tambahan yang memiliki nilai taksonomi dalam membedakan jenis-jenis Ampelocissus di Sumatera.
The Analysis of Supply Chain of Mulu Bebe Banana in East Sahu Sub-District
Authors: Dadi Zakeus , Kholil Musdhalifah
Published: December 2020

The purpose of this study is to find out the Mulu bebe banana supply chain mechanism in East Sahu Sub-District, to find out the marketing distribution of Mulu bebe banana in East Sahu Sub- District and to find out the marketing margins in each supply chain of Mulu bebe banana. The study was conducted in East Sahu Sub-district through observation, questionnaires, direct interviews with the agribusiness perpetrators of the Mulu bebe banana in 2018. The sample selection was carried out by stratified sampling and total sample is 73 respondents. The results showed that there were three flow mechanisms, first is the information flow, product flow and financial flow. There were two marketing distribution of Mulu bebe banana in East Sahu sub-district used by farmers. First, farmers to consumers and second is farmers to village collection traders to retailers then to consumers. While the total marketing margins obtained by collectors and retailers in marketing distributin II in grade A and grade B mulu bebe bananas are Rp. 30,000, while the marketing margin obtained by collectors and retailers in grade C of Mulu bebe banana is Rp. 25,000