bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
كفاءة المواجهة لدى طلبة الجامعة
Authors: فضيل عبدالله مالك , حبيب شبيب حسين
Published: September 2021

هدف البحث الحالي التعرف على درجة كفاءة المواجهة لدى طلبة الجامعة ، وحدد مجتمع البحث الحالي بطلبة جامعة واسط للدراسات الصباحية للعام الدراسي (2020– 2021) والبالغ عددهم (14000) بواقع (5242) طالباً وطالبة من التخصصات العلمية و(8758) طالباً وطالبة من التخصصات الانسانية ، وقد اشتملت عينة البحث الحالي على (400) طالب وطالبة من طلبة جامعة واسط ، وبعد اطلاع الباحث على الأدبيات والدراسات السابقة أعد الباحث مقياس كفاءة المواجهة والمكون من (30) فقرة ، وتم استخراج الخصائص السايكومترية المتمثلة بالصدق الظاهري ومؤشرات صدق البناء ، وتم الاعتماد على عينة قوامها (40) طالب وطالبة لاستخراج الثبات بطريقتي ( الاختبار واعادة الاختبار، والفاكرونباخ) وحُللِّت البيانات إحصائياً باستعمال الحقيبة الإحصائية للعلوم الاجتماعية (SPSS) وأظهرت النتائج ما يأتي: إنّ طلبة الجامعة في محافظة واسط يتمتعون بكفاءة مواجهة جيدة ، وبناءً على النتائج توصل الباحث إلى مجموعة من الاستنتاجات والتوصيات والمقترحات.
تقديم الذات وعلاقته بالكفاءة الشخصية لدى طلبة الجامعة
Authors: ياسر مكطوف صبيحة
Published: September 2021

أستهدف البحث تعرف كل من تقديم الذات والكفاءة الشخصية لدى طلبة الجامعة والعلاقة بينهما والكشف عن الفروق في تقديم الذات وفقاً لمتغير (الجنس- التخصص) وكذلك الفروق في الكفاءة الشخصية وفقاً لمتغير (الجنس - التخصص)، وبلغت عينة البحث الاساسية (300) طالبا وطالبة بواقع (150) ذكور و(150) إناث، وتم استخدام مقياس جاهز لتقديم الذات والمعد من قبل(يارنظر وهيثم) في حين اعدت الباحثة مقياس للكفاءة الشخصية، وقد تم معالجة البيانات بإستخدام الحقيبة الأحصائية (SPSS)، وتوصل البحث الى النتائج الآتية إن مستوى تقديم الذات لدى طلبة الجامعة ضمن المستوى المتوسط وكذلك الكفاءة الشخصية لدى طلبة الجامعة، وإن هناك علاقة دالة احصائياً بين تقديم الذات والكفاءة الشخصية لدى طلبة الجامعة، ويوجد فرق دال احصائياً في تقديم الذات تبعا لمتغير الجنس ولصالح الذكور وكذلك عدم وجود فرق دال احصائي تبعا للتخصص، وعدم وجود فرق دال احصائياً في الكفاءة الشخصية تبعا لمتغير الجنس وكذلك التخصص لطلبة الجامعة، وقد وضعت الباحثة عدد من التوصيات منها ضرورة اهتمام وزارة التعليم العالي بإقامة دورات تسهم في رفع مستوى تقديم الذات لدى الطلبة، كما أسفرت النتائج عن عدد من المقترحات منها أجراء دراسة عن تقديم الذات وعلاقته بالإنجاز الدراسي لدى طلبة الجامعة.
فاعلية استراتيجية التكعيبات في تحصيل مادة مبادىء الفلسفة وعلم النفس لدى طالبات الصف الخامس الأدبي
Authors: علوان عبود القريشي مهدي , جلوب علي سماء
Published: September 2021

هدفت الدراسة إلى معرفة  فاعلية إستراتيجية التكعيبات في  تحصيل مادة مبادئ الفلسفة وعلم النفس لدى طالبات الخامس الادبي من خلال التحقق من الفرضية الصفرية الآتية:

لا يوجد فرق ذو دلالة إحصائية عند مستوى دلالة (0.05), بين متوسط درجات طالبات المجموعة التجريبية اللاتي درسن مادة مبادئ الفلسفة وعلم النفس, وفقا لإستراتيجية التكعيبات ومتوسط درجات طالبات المجموعة الضابطة اللاتي درسن المادة نفسها وفقا للطريقة الاعتيادية في الاختبار التحصيلي.

 استعمل الباحثان التصميم التجريبي ذا الضبط الجزئي المتمثل بالاختبار البعدي للتحصيل.

    تكونت عينة البحث من(58) طالبة, وبالتوزيع العشوائي تم اختيار إعدادية الزهراء لتمثل المجموعة التجريبية بواقع (30) طالبة, وتدرس مادة مبادئ الفلسفة وعلم النفس, وفقا لإستراتيجية التكعيبات , وإعدادية ذات النطاقين لتمثل المجموعة الضابطة المكونة من (25) طالبة, وتم تدريسهن وفق الطريقة الاعتيادية 0 تم تحديد مجتمع البحث بالمدارس الاعدادية الفرع الأدبي في مركز مدينة الكوت محافظة واسط للعام الدراسي 2018-2019, وتم اختيار اعداديتي الزهراء و ذات النطاقين للبنات بصورة قصدية لتمثل عينة البحث.
الهدر الدلالي للعلامة المكانية في الخطاب الدرامي التلفزيوني
Authors: مولى سيد علي
Published: September 2021

يتناول البحث الحالي اهمية المكان بوصفه علامة داخل نسيج الخطاب الدرامي التلفزيوني وكيف يتم توظيفها لشحن الخطاب الدرامي ب اكبر قدر من طاقة التعبير والتي تنقل بدورها مجموعة من المدلولات الاجتماعية والنفسية والاقتصادية للشخصيات المحركة للفعل داخل بناء المسلسل الدرامي على اساس ان المكان هو الحاوي للشخصيات والتي بدورها هي التي تحرك الفعل وتقود البناء للتصعيد والصراع والحل فيما بعد, في وقت نجد ان ثمة ضعف في تشغيل المكان وتفعيل ما يكتنزه من مستويات علامية معبرة فيضحى بذلك المكان كيانا جامدا لا يعدو ان يعبر عتبة التوظيف الاستخدامي البحت لغرض السكن والمبيت او العمل او دراسة, ان هدر قيمة المكان السيميائية تذهب الى هدر اوسع في مجمل نظام الخطاب الدلالي حتى تغدو كل منظومة التعبير تعمل بالحد الادني وليس ثمة تعالق بين العلامات يرفع من القيمة التعبيرية وبالتالي قيمة الشحن الجمالي لذلك الخطاب.
عواقب منطقة الحرب على الصورة اللغوية المشوهة: المترجمون الفوريون العراقيون أثناء الغزو الذي قادته الولايات المتحدة
Authors: Khalifah Sultan Jasim
Published: September 2021

لقد لعب المترجمون الشفويون دورًا حيويًا للغاية في تسهيل التواصل بين قوات التحالف والشعب العراقي بعد الحرب التي قادتها الولايات المتحدة في عام 2003. ولكن كان هناك ميل بين السكان المحليين لاعتبار هؤلاء المترجمين متعاونين أو خونة أو جواسيس. وهذا هو السبب وراء تعرض العديد منهم للتهديد أو الهجوم من قبل المتمردين المنتمين إلى مجموعات سياسية أو طائفية مختلفة. لذلك كان عدم الولاء للوطن هو السمة المميزة لسلوك المترجمين الشفويين العراقيين. وقد ألقى هذا الانطباع بظلاله على المترجمين التحريريين ايضا، رغم أن القليل منهم فقط عمل مع التحالف في المعسكرات أو القواعد البعيدة.

والسبب وراء هذا التشويه لغوي بحت، حيث يشير العراقيون إلى المترجم التحريري والمترجم الشفوي باستخدام كلمة مترجم فقط، على الرغم من أن اللغة العربية توفر المضافات مثل "تحريري" و "شفوي" لتمييز المخرجات المكتوبة عن المخرجات الشفوية.

ساهمت وسائل الإعلام العراقية بفاعلية في تشويه الصورة المهنية للمترجمين التحريريين، حيث أغفلت أخبارها وتقاريرها التمييز الاصطلاحي.

 بالاعتماد على نظرية الإشارة لتشارلز ساندرز بيرس (1958)، ونظرية النموذج الأولي لإليانور روش (2002)، ومبادرة منى بيكر (2005؛ 2006) حول السردية في دراسات الترجمة، تبحث هذه الورقة عن جذور ووسائل والتأثيرات المحتملة لهذا الفهم الخاطئ من خلال تحليل مختلف المواد الصحفية في وسائل الاعلام المحلية والدولية التي صدرت أثناء الغزو. وتقع ضمن مجال علم اجتماع الترجمة. وقد وجد أن وسائل الإعلام المحلية قد شاركت بفاعلية في طمس الحدود بين المهنتين.
University Students' Opinions on Translation Course for Special Purposes (Legal Translation Sample)
Authors: IŞIDAN Abdulmuttalip
Published: September 2021

The need for translation, which is an important bridge in intercultural communication, is increasing day by day. In recent years, because of the development of economic, political, and cultural relations with the countries whose official language is Arabic, the interest in Arabic translation has increased. In this context, Arabic Translation and Interpretation departments have been opened at universities. In these departments, translation courses for students' ability to translate in different fields are also given in areas of specialization such as medical translation and legal translation. Since translations for areas of specialization have their own terminology, it brings various difficulties in the translation process. In this study, it was tried to determine the problems experienced in the process of legal translation by taking the opinions of the students who took the legal translation course in the Department of Arabic Translation and Interpretation at Ankara Yıldırım Beyazıt University. In this context, 7 open-ended questions were asked to 15 students who took the course of legal translation in this department. Based on the answers given to these questions, the problems experienced by the students during the legal translation process were determined and suggestions were made for the solution of these problems.
Differential expression of G protein-coupled receptor associated sorting protein 1 in human epithelial ovarian cancer.
Authors: Mamoor Shahan
Published: September 2021

Epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) is the most lethal gynecologic cancer (1). We performed discovery of genes associated with epithelial ovarian cancer and of the high-grade serous ovarian cancer (HGSC) subtype, using published microarray data (2, 3) to compare global gene expression profiles of normal ovary or fallopian tube with that of primary tumors from women diagnosed with epithelial ovarian cancer or HGSC. We identified the gene encoding G protein-coupled receptor associated sorting protein 1, GPRASP1, as among the genes whose expression was most different in epithelial ovarian cancer as compared to the normal fallopian tube. GPRASP1 expression was significantly lower in high-grade serous ovarian tumors relative to normal fallopian tube. GPRASP1 expression correlated with progression-free survival in patients with p53 mutant ovarian cancer. These data indicate that expression of GPRASP1 is perturbed in epithelial ovarian cancers broadly and in ovarian cancers of the HGSC subtype. GPRASP1 may be relevant to pathways underlying ovarian cancer initiation (transformation) or progression.
Differential expression of syncoilin, intermediate filament protein in human epithelial ovarian cancer.
Authors: Mamoor Shahan
Published: September 2021

Epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) is the most lethal gynecologic cancer (1). We performed discovery of genes associated with epithelial ovarian cancer and of the high-grade serous ovarian cancer (HGSC) subtype, using published and public microarray data (2, 3) to compare global gene expression profiles of normal ovary or fallopian tube with that of primary tumors from women diagnosed with epithelial ovarian cancer or HGSC. We identified the gene encoding syncoilin, intermediate filament protein, SYNC, as among the genes whose expression was most different in epithelial ovarian cancer as compared to the normal fallopian tube. SYNC expression was significantly lower in high-grade serous ovarian tumors relative to normal fallopian tube. SYNC expression correlated with overall survival in patients with ovarian cancer. These data indicate that expression of SYNC is perturbed in epithelial ovarian cancers broadly and in ovarian cancers of the HGSC subtype. SYNC may be relevant to pathways underlying ovarian cancer initiation (transformation) or progression.
Differential expression of potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily B member 1 in human epithelial ovarian cancer.
Authors: Mamoor Shahan
Published: September 2021

Epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) is the most lethal gynecologic cancer (1). We performed discovery of genes associated with epithelial ovarian cancer and of the high-grade serous ovarian cancer (HGSC) subtype, using published and public microarray data (2, 3) to compare global gene expression profiles of normal ovary or fallopian tube with that of primary tumors from women diagnosed with epithelial ovarian cancer or HGSC. We identified the gene encoding potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily B member 1, KCNB1, as among the genes whose expression was most different in epithelial ovarian cancer as compared to the normal fallopian tube. KCNB1 expression was significantly lower in high-grade serous ovarian tumors relative to normal fallopian tube. KCNB1 expression correlated with progression-free survival in patients with p53 mutant ovarian cancer. These data indicate that expression of KCNB1 is perturbed in epithelial ovarian cancers broadly and in ovarian cancers of the HGSC subtype. KCNB1 may be relevant to pathways underlying ovarian cancer initiation (transformation) or progression.
Educational innovation into English as a Foreign Language Practices for Early Children: Neuroeducation and the Total Physical Response Method
Authors: Jean Carlos López Vélez  , Holguin Jhonny Saulo Villafuerte
Published: September 2021

This work aims to improve the practices of English as a foreign language of early children through the articulation of Neuroeducation and the Total Physical Response methodology. This work subscribes to the postmodern paradigm and the mixed educational research approach. The participants were thirty-five students from the second grade of primary education from Ecuador. The research team designed an educational intervention that mixed music and dance for creating more meaningful learning environments in language practices. The instruments used were contextualized observation, semi-structured interviews, and tests of English knowledge. The results allow determining the increase in the significant level of the classes and the motivation for learning English in all students. It is concluded that the articulation of the Total Physical Response methodology and Neuroeducation can contribute positively to the creation of meaningful learning environments and to the innovation of didactics for teaching young children of English as a foreign language.
OLAHRAGA DAN PENDIDIKAN JASMANI DALAM MEMACU LONCATAN SDM UNGGUL BERKOMPETENSI SELAMA PANDEMI
Authors: Wijayanto Adi
Published: September 2021

Kehadiran buku bunga rampai di masa Pandemi Covid-19 dapat memberi makna strategis olehkarena dalam pembahasannya banyak ditorehkan para pakar pendidikan berbagai pemikiran dengan narasi yang ringan dan mudah dipahami terkait dengan eksistensi penyelenggaraan bidang ilmu keolahragaan, kepelatihan, pendidikan jasmani dan olahraga serta kesehatan. Bagaimana eksistensinya sangat perlu dibahas dari berbagai sudut pandang para pakar pendidikan ditengah pemikiran antara pesimis dan optimis bahwa belajar daring di tengah kondisi pandemi covid-19 akan menurunkan hasil belajar olehkarena sulitnya melakukan pengawasan sejauhmana siswa di rumah serius belajar secara daring tanpa pengawasan langsung dari guru dan orangtua. Fakta dilapangan memang tidak dapat dipungkiri sejauhmana siswa ada dalam pengawasan para guru dan orangtua selama proses belajar daring. Kondisi pandemi Covid-19 ini memunculkan banyak estimasi baik yang bersifat positif maupun negatif akan keberhasilan dari penyelenggaraan pendidikan secara daring di rumah siswa. Fenomena seperti ini menjadi kegusaran dalam pikiran para guru dan siswa dan kegusaran ini tidak luput dari pemikiran para penulis buku bunga rampai ini. Kehadiran buku bunga rampai ini sangatlah tepat di tengah kondisi pandemi Covid-19 varian baru. Semoga tulisan ringan dengan berbagai topik yang menarik disampaikan para penulis, memberi manfaat bagi para pembaca, guru, siswa, orangtua. Upaya menghilangkan virus Covid-19 terus dilakukan Pemerintah RI tetapi penyiapan SDM unggul tidak boleh terhenti olehkarena ganasnya penyebaran Virus corona yang berimbas membuat banyak pihak berpikir pesimis dan optimis yang bercampur aduk dalam pikirannya termasuk para guru dan siswa.
Tutorial Mendeley: Solusi terhadap Permasalahan dalam Penulisan
Authors: Sirait Junio Richson , Istinatun Hestyn Natal , Marium
Published: September 2021

Mendeley merupakan aplikasi yang dibuat untuk menolong para penulis mensitasi karya-karya ilmiah yang dimuat dalam media online maupun cetak. Namun sebagian mahasiswa dan dosen seringkali mengalami kesulitan dalam menggunakan aplikasi tersebut. Tujuan penulisan ini untuk memberikan langkah-langkah menggunakan mendeley berserta penjelasannya. Metode yang digunakan dalam tulisan ini adalah eksposisi. Melalui tulisan ini diharapkan mahasiswa dan dosen dapat terbantu dalam menggunakan mendeley pada saat membuat karya yang berupa tulisan. Mendeley merupakan aplikasi yang direkomendasi oleh lembaga-lembaga publikasi di nasional maupun internasional.
Use and abuses of systematic reviews
Authors: Fordham Edmund , Lawrie Theresa A , MacGilchrist Katherine , Bryant Andrew
Published: September 2021

A synopsis and critique of a recent Cochrane Review
A Study of Chinese Consumers towards Lifestyles of Health and Sustainability
Authors: Tam Fung Yi , Lung2 Jane W. Y. , da Silva Juliana , Lam Mei Ha , Ng Pek I , Lok Ka Man
Published: September 2021

This research explores how Chinese consumers adopted a lifestyle of health and sustainability (LOHAS). To investigate this, a questionnaire survey was conducted examining the impact of LOHAS on consumer decision making styles in Macau SAR, China. After completion, a total of 619 usable questionnaires were collected. The results showed that the two most significant criteria for LOHAS among the Chinese consumers were environmental consciousness and a desire for health and fitness. In turn, the most preferable consumer decision making styles were price consciousness and perfectionism. Moreover, consumer who is environmental consciousness tends to be more quality and price conscious. Consumer who cares about health and fitness tends to look for quality and novelty products. The results also show that Chinese consumers who are the females, older in age or have a higher income tend to be more LOHAS. Therefore, if companies want to expand their business in the LOHAS market in China, they should target these segments when they are developing their marketing strategies.
Assessing pyrite-derived sulfate in the Mississippi River with four years of sulfur and triple-oxygen isotope data
Authors: Killingsworth Bryan , Bao Huiming , Kohl Issaku
Published: September 2021

Riverine dissolved sulfate (SO42−) sulfur and oxygen isotope variations reflect their controls such as SO42− reduction and re-oxidation, and source mixing. However, unconstrained temporal variability of riverine SO42− isotope compositions due to short sampling durations may lead to mischaracterization of SO42− sources, particularly for the pyrite-derived sulfate load. We measured the sulfur and triple-oxygen isotopes (δ34S, δ18O, and ∆’17O) of Mississippi River SO42− with biweekly sampling between 2009-2013 to test isotopic variability and constrain sources. Sulfate δ34S and δ18O ranged from −6.3‰ to −0.2‰ and −3.6‰ to +8.8‰, respectively. Our sampling period captured the most severe flooding and drought in the Mississippi River basin since 1927 and 1956, respectively, and a first year of sampling that was unrepresentative of long-term average SO42−. The δ34SSO4 data indicate pyrite-derived SO42− sources are 74 ±10% of the Mississippi River sulfate budget. Furthermore, pyrite oxidation is implicated as the dominant process supplying SO42− to the Mississippi River, whereas the ∆’17OSO4 data shows 18 ±9% of oxygen in this sulfate is sourced from air O2.
It’s easy to maintain when the changes are small: Exploring sustainability motivated dietary changes from a self-control perspective.
Authors: Wehbe Lara , Banas Kasia , Papies Esther K.
Published: September 2021

Reducing meat and dairy intake is necessary to mitigate the effects of animal agriculture on global warming. Here, we examine the experiences of environmentally motivated meat and dairy reducers. Specifically, we examine whether shifting towards and maintaining sustainable eating behaviours requires self-control. We conducted a pre-registered qualitative online study surveying 80 participants to explore their experiences of reduction, particularly the role of self-control, habits, identity, and social norms. We analysed the data using reflexive thematic analysis and generated three themes. Theme 1 captures participants’ incompatible short-term and long-term motivations, which led to experiences of conflict and required self-control to manage. Theme 2 describes aspects of food and social environments, such as social feedback and food availability, cost, and appeal, that hindered or supported participants’ attempts at reducing meat and dairy intake. This theme also revealed that most reducers did not want to identify with specific dietary groups, particularly flexitarians. Theme 3 captures strategies, varying in effort, that helped participants overcome internal conflicts or challenges from the food and social environment. Examples include avoiding choice situations, or behavioural substitution, which facilitated behaviour maintenance through small and comfortable changes that fit with participants’ taste, skills, and habits. Our findings highlight the need to temper negative social feedback and introduce more availability and favourable social norms to support meat and dairy reduction. Interventions that aim to support the transition to sustainable eating also need to consider the social identities of consumers.
Framing attributes in similarity judgments and intertemporal choices
Authors: Stevens Jeffrey R , Cully Tyler , Goh Francine W
Published: September 2021

Similarity models provide an alternative approach to intertemporal choice. Instead of calculating an overall value for options, decision makers compare the similarity of option attributes and make a decision based on similarity. Similarity judgments for reward amounts and time delays depend on both the numerical difference (x2-x1) and ratio (x1/x2) of quantitative values. Changing units of these attribute values (e.g., days vs. weeks) can alter the numerical difference while maintaining the ratio. For example, framing a pair of delays in the unit of weeks (1 vs. 2) or days (7 vs. 14) both result in a ratio of 1/2. Yet the numerical difference between the delays differs depending on the unit (1 for weeks and 7 for days). Here we had participants make similarity judgments and intertemporal choices with amounts framed as dollars or cents and delays framed as days or weeks. We predicted that they units of amounts and delays would influence similarity judgments which would then influence intertemporal choices. We found that participants judged amounts framed as cents as less similar than dollars, and this resulted in more patient intertemporal choices. Additionally, they tended to judge delays framed as weeks as more similar than days, but the framing did not influence choice. These findings suggest that the units in which amounts and delays are framed can influence their similarity judgments, which may in turn shape intertemporal choices. These unit effects may guide stakeholders in framing aspects of intertemporal choices in different units to nudge decision makers into either more impulsive or patient choice.
Investigating the influence of autism spectrum traits on face processing mechanisms in developmental prosopagnosia
Authors: Fry Regan , Li Xian , Evans Travis Clark , Esterman Michael , Tanaka Jim , DeGutis Joseph
Published: September 2021

Autism traits are commonly used as exclusionary criteria in studies of developmental prosopagnosia (DP). We investigated whether autism traits result in qualitatively different face processing in 43 DPs with high vs. low autism quotient (AQ) scores and 27 controls. Compared to controls, behavioral face recognition deficits were similar between the high and low AQ DP groups aside from worse emotion recognition in the high AQ DPs. Both DP groups showed reduced face selectivity in task-based fMRI, although higher AQ DPs showed decreased face selectivity in the posterior superior temporal sulcus. Resting-state fMRI showed similar face network connectivity between DP groups. This suggests that face processing is similar between the DP groups, with additional emotion processing deficits in higher AQ DPs.
SISTEM INFORMASI AKUNTANSI PENJUALAN TUNAI TERKOMPUTERISASI
Authors: Arnita Vina
Published: September 2021

CV. Tetap Jaya merupakan perusahaan dagang menengah yang bergerak dibidang penjualan. Adapun masalah yang terjadi pada sistem yang sedang berjalan masih ada menggunakan sistem manual dan menggunakan sistem software kasir Point Of Sale (POS). Dan kurang baiknya sistem pengelolaan persediaan sehingga mengakibatkan kekosongan barang serta adanya perangkapan tugas antar fungsi-fungsi yang ada sehingga kurang efisiensi dan efektivitas dalam kegiatan operasional. Tujuan kajian dari buku ini adalah untuk mengetahui penerapan sistem informasi Akuntansi (SIA) penjualan tunai terkomputerisasi yang menggunakan software kasir point of sale (POS) pada CV. Tetap Jaya Medan, mengetahui kesesuaian sistem informasi akuntansi (SIA) dengan analisis PIECES, unsur-unsur pengendalian internal dengan literatur. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan metode kualitatif dengan pendekatan studi kasus dengan data yang diperoleh dari observasi, wawancara, dan dokumentasi. Teknik analisis data yang digunakan adalah analisis deskriptif dan analisis PIECES.
Water effect in the synthesis of nanostructured thin films of HfO2 deposited by the ultrasonic spray pyrolysis technique
Authors: Vazquez-Arreguin Roberto , Cisneros Alejandro Gonzalez , Juárez-Gracia Antonio Gustavo , Mariscal-Becerra Luis , García-Rocha Miguel , Duran-Ledezma Angel Adalberto
Published: September 2021

HfO2 thin films are proposed as high-k gate dielectric, especially for the fabrication of ultra-large-scale integration systems. The effect of adding deionized water during the synthesis of HfO2 thin films on its structural and dielectric properties is reported. The study of nanostructured HfO2 thin films deposited on crystalline silicon wafers is made by applying the ultrasonic spray pyrolysis (USP) technique. For the synthesis of hafnium oxide thin films, hafnium acetylacetonate was dissolved in dimethylformamide as a hafnium source material. Varying the substrate temperature from 400 and up to 550 °C in increments of 50 °C and adding deionized water during the process, favoring films with well-defined monoclinic well as polycrystalline structures. The thin films presented a nanostructured morphology and a rugosity with a minimum value of 0.45 nm. Refractive index values between 1.87 and 2.02 have been obtained with an average thickness of ~ 21 nm. The carbon and O-H binds decrease considerably, adding deionized water to the deposit. The electrical characterization revealed that the films deposited with deionized water have a high dielectric constant with a maximum value of 14.4, demonstrating that this addition during deposition allows thinner films with good dielectric properties.
Study of morphological changes in the kidney during modeling of ischemic-reperfusion injuries of the limb and massive blood loss
Authors: Volotovska N. V.
Published: September 2021

The article presents the features of morphological disorders of liver tissue on the background of limb ischemia-reperfusion and massive blood loss. The aim of the work was to establish the presence of structural changes and the severity of morphological disorders of internal organs, remote from the primary place of ischemia-reperfusion during modeling the pathological process. The experiment was performed on 33 adult nonlinear white rats weighing 200-250 g, which were on the standard vivarium diet. Experimental animals were simulated with ischemic-reperfusion syndrome of the lower extremity and massive blood loss. Collection of materials was performed 1 h after intervention or release from the tourniquet and on the 1st, 3rd, 7th and 14th days. All interventions were performed under thiopental-sodium anesthesia (40 mg/kg body weight). Mostly structural violations were expressed as disturbance of blood supply of little and middle caliber blood vessels and also in initial dystrophic changes. During comparison of groups, depending on the severity, it was shown that both the isolated use of a tourniquet and massive blood loss had long-term, systemic consequences, however, more expressed in EG-2; single vascular glomeruli were shrunked, endothelial cells of arterioles were slightly damaged. On the 7th and 14th days changes in the structure of EG-1 were mostly absent, although in EG-2 the epitheliocytes of the outer layer of the capsule remained flattened, retained full blood vessels of the venous bed in the interstitium, and the vast majority of epitheliocytes of the excretory tubules were at different stages of hydropic dystrophy with partly desquamation of the epithelium in the gaps of the tubules. Also, the basal membranes of the tubules were not completely visualized, which indicates deep damage in the structures caused by acute ischemia as a result of bleeding. Thus, as combat trauma (blood loss) is in itself a life-threatening factor, the use of a tourniquet due to the development of ischemic-reperfusion process can complicate the course of the primary affection. Knowledge of the periodization of traumatic disease on the background of this pathology is important for the development of sanogenic effects in order to minimize this pathogenic factor.
Changes in the histostructure of the lungs of old rats under conditions of persistent hyperhomocysteinemia
Authors: Samborska I. A.
Published: September 2021

To date, homocysteine has been found to be an important biomarker of bronchopulmonary pathology, including COPD. The increase in its concentration in the blood plasma causes the start of free radical processes and the production of reactive oxygen species, which activate lipid peroxidation in lung tissue. In addition, the activation of endoplasmic reticulum stress with increasing homocysteine levels is the main reason for triggering apoptosis of alveolocytes. The aim of the research is to study the features of lungs histostructure in old rats under conditions of hyperhomocysteinemia. The experimental study was performed on 20 white nonlinear old (24-26 months) male rats. During the experiment, the animals were divided into two groups – control and experimental. Simulation of the state of persistent hyperhomocysteinemia was achieved by administering to rats of experimental group thiolactone homocysteine at a dose of 200 mg/kg body weight intragastrally for 60 days. Histological specimens were studied using an SEO CCAN light microscope and photo-documented using a Vision CCD Camera with an image output system from histological specimens. In elderly animals under conditions of experimental hyperhomocysteinemia develop severe destructive-degenerative changes in the lungs. Significant remodeling of the vascular bed, bronchi, inflammatory manifestations, enlargement of dis- and atelectasis and emphysematically altered alveoli of the respiratory lungs, violation of the alveolar walls, with the release of blood cells into the alveolar space and the formation of small diapedetic hemorrhages. The development of perivascular, peribronchial and interstitial sclerosis is characteristic.
Ondansetron Hydrochloride in Treating Patients with Cancer and Chronic Nausea Vomiting
Authors: jin Hye
Published: September 2021

The objective of this study was to develop effective bioadhesive buccal bilayered tablets comprising of drug containing bioadhesive layer and drug free backing layer, expected to release the drug in unidirection for extended period of time. Tablets of ondansetron HCl were prepared by direct compression method using bioadhesive polymers like Carbopol 934P, Methocel K4M, Methocel K15M and Hydroxy propyl cellulose in different combinations and concentrations with backing layer of ethyl cellulose. Buccal tablets were evaluated by different parameters such as thickness, hardness, weight uniformity, content uniformity, swelling index, surface pH, ex vivo bioadhesive strength, ex vivo residence time, in vitro drug release, ex vivo drug permeation, stability studies in human saliva, in vivo mucoadhesive performance studies and FTIR studies. The modified in vitro assembly was used to measure the bioadhesive strength of tablets with fresh porcine buccal mucosa as model tissue. Bioadhesion strength was increased with increase in the concentration of carbopol. The tablets were evaluated for in vitro release in pH 6.6 phosphate buffer for 8 hr in standard dissolution apparatus. In order to improve the permeation of the drug, tauroglycholate (permeation enhancer) added in the optimized formulation at 10mM concentration. In order to determine the mode of release, the data was subjected to Korsmeyer and Peppas diffusion model. The optimized formula followed non-fickian release mechanism with zero order kinetics. Carbopol 934P and HPC in the ratio of 3:1 could be used to design effective and stable buccoadhesive tablets of ondansetron HCl. The present study concludes that buccal delivery of ondansetron HCl tablets can be good way to bypass the first pass metabolism.
Charactor of JNK and P53 in Taxol-Induced Apoptotic Signaling in SKOV3 Human Ovarian Cancer Cell Proliferation
Authors: A Mostafa
Published: September 2021

C-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) represents a group of mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) involved in many cellular responses including apoptosis. We have previously reported that taxol, a microtubule-interfering therapeutic agent widely used against various cancers, induces caspase-independent but apoptotic inducing factor (AIF)-dependent apoptosis in human ovarian cancer cell line SKOV3 cells. In the present study, we add to this report a detailed analysis of the taxol-induced apoptotic mechanisms in SKOV3 cells, particularly focusing on JNK and p53. In line with the previous report, we found that taxol induced caspase-independent apoptosis with concurrent activation of JNK, phosphorylation of Bcl-2, Bax translocation to the mitochondria, and AIF release from the mitochondria. Restoration of p53 functionality into SKOV3 cells, which are p53-null cells, by transfection of wild-type p53, however, induced caspase-dependent apoptosis in response to taxol treatment as evidenced by increasing PARP cleavage and the emergence of processed, active caspase-3 and -7. More to the point, treatment with a JNK inhibitor SP600125 blocked taxol-induced apoptotic cell death in both parental SKOV3 cells (p53-deficient) and p53-transfectant cells. Collectively, the aforementioned findings lend support to the view that taxol-induced apoptotic cell death in SKOV3 cells is executed by different mechanisms depending on the presence of p53 but commonly mediated by ASK1-JNK and/or -p38 axes.
Cardiovascular Comorbidities Common in Patients with Metastatic Colorectal Cancer
Authors: Gal Danielle
Published: September 2021

Aim: As comorbidities may impact treatment decisions, prognoses and quality of care, this study determined the rate of comorbid cardiovascular diseases in patients with metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC). Methods: From the PHARMO Record Linkage System in The Netherlands, all patients with a hospital discharge code for CRC and distant metastasis from 2000–2008 were selected. Prevalent cardiovascular comorbidities were assessed during the 12 months prior to the index date (the first discharge diagnosis defining metastases). Cardiovascular comorbidities were captured using cardiovascular drug use and hospital admission data. 2964 patients with mCRC were included in the analysis. Mean (± standard deviation) age at diagnosis was 68 (± 12) years and 53% were male. Results: Cardiovascular comorbidities were observed in 52% of patients. Of patients identified by drug use, the most commonly used agents were antithrombotic agents (54%), beta-blocking agents (46%), and agents acting on the renin-angiotensin system (45%). Of patients hospitalised for cardiovascular comorbidities, about one-third were hospitalised for cardiac dysrhythmia (39%), followed by congestive heart failure (19%) and hypertension (18%). Conclusions: Cardiovascular comorbidities are common in patients with mCRC, which is likely to be explained by the high mean age at diagnosis. Consideration of these conditions should be integral to the treatment strategy in individual patients with mCRC.
Aplikasi Kehadiran Karyawan Berbasis Android Menggunakan QR Code Scanning dan Location Based Service
Authors: Henny Leidiyana  , Yusuf Iskandar
Published: September 2021

Employee attendance is an administrative process that is carried out every day. Use of a manual system for events prone to damage or loss. Not to mention employees who forget attendance records, which will cause delays in the flow of employee attendance information. As a solution to the existing problems is by designing an application to make presence using Android-based QR Code Scanning and Location-Based Services (LBS). QR Code technology is very efficient because the code can be read in a very short time using a smartphone while the Location Based Service (LBS) is to prevent employees from making presence outside the area determined by the company. The design of this application produces a paperless system and prevents manipulation of attendance data because in this application it is implemented that one employee only asks for one device ID or smartphone IMEI
ARTISTIC EVOLUTION IN THE EARLY STORIES OF V. O. PELEVIN. (ON THE EXAMPLE OF THE COLLECTION OF SHORT STORIES "BLUE LANTERN")
Authors: Ayupov T.
Published: September 2021

The purpose of the presented work is to analyze the artistic evolution in the early stories of V. O. Pelevin on the example of the collection of short stories "Blue Lantern". Research methods: analytical method, review method. The result of the article is to demonstrate the evolutionary periods of V. O. Pelevin's creativity, within the framework of which peculiar artistic features are developed and formed, which are set out in the framework of the presented work. The conclusion of the article is the lack of systematic artistic evolution in the early stories of V. O. Pelevin. The creative path of this author is quite interesting and ambiguous.
Orthopedic disease burden in adult patients with symptomatic lumbar scoliosis: results from a prospective multicenter study
Authors: Smith Justin S. , Shaffrey Christopher I. , Baldus Christine R. , Kelly Michael P. , Yanik Elizabeth L. , Lurie Jon D. , Ames Christopher P. , Bess Shay , Schwab Frank J. , Bridwell Keith H.
Published: September 2021

OBJECTIVE

Although the health impact of adult symptomatic lumbar scoliosis (ASLS) is substantial, these patients often have other orthopedic problems that have not been previously quantified. The objective of this study was to assess disease burden of other orthopedic conditions in patients with ASLS based on a retrospective review of a prospective multicenter cohort.

METHODS

The ASLS-1 study is an NIH-sponsored prospective multicenter study designed to assess operative versus nonoperative treatment for ASLS. Patients were 40–80 years old with ASLS, defined as a lumbar coronal Cobb angle ≥ 30° and Oswestry Disability Index ≥ 20, or Scoliosis Research Society-22 questionnaire score ≤ 4.0 in pain, function, and/or self-image domains. Nonthoracolumbar orthopedic events, defined as fractures and other orthopedic conditions receiving surgical treatment, were assessed from enrollment to the 4-year follow-up.

RESULTS

Two hundred eighty-six patients (mean age 60.3 years, 90% women) were enrolled, with 173 operative and 113 nonoperative patients, and 81% with 4-year follow-up data. At a mean (± SD) follow-up of 3.8 ± 0.9 years, 104 nonthoracolumbar orthopedic events were reported, affecting 69 patients (24.1%). The most common events were arthroplasty (n = 38), fracture (n = 25), joint ligament/cartilage repair (n = 13), and cervical decompression/fusion (n = 7). Based on the final adjusted model, patients with a nonthoracolumbar orthopedic event were older (HR 1.44 per decade, 95% CI 1.07–1.94), more likely to have a history of tobacco use (HR 1.63, 95% CI 1.00–2.66), and had worse baseline leg pain scores (HR 1.10, 95% CI 1.01–1.19).

CONCLUSIONS

Patients with ASLS have high orthopedic disease burden, with almost 25% having a fracture or nonthoracolumbar orthopedic condition requiring surgical treatment during the mean 3.8 years following enrollment. Comparisons with previous studies suggest that the rate of total knee arthroplasty was considerably greater and the rates of total hip arthroplasty were at least as high in the ASLS-1 cohort compared with the similarly aged general US population. These conditions may further impact health-related quality of life and outcomes assessments of both nonoperative and operative treatment approaches in patients with ASLS.
Synovial facet joint cysts after lumbar posterior decompression surgery
Authors: Morishita Yuichiro , Taniguchi Ryota , Kawano Osamu , Maeda Takeshi
Published: September 2021

OBJECTIVE

Numerous studies have reported on synovial facet joint cysts of the spine as a primary lesion. The exact pathogenesis of those cysts is still controversial, but degeneration and destabilization seem to be underlying mechanisms. However, only a few reports have thus far investigated synovial cysts of the spine as postoperative complications of decompression surgery. In this retrospective clinical study, the authors focused on synovial cysts of the lumbar facet joints as complications after lumbar decompression surgery, with the aim of elucidating their pathophysiology.

METHODS

A total of 326 patients with 384 segments treated with posterior decompression surgery without fusion were included in the study. Of these segments, 107 were surgically decompressed unilaterally and 277 were decompressed bilaterally. After surgery, 18 of the 384 segments developed a complication of symptomatic facet synovial cyst. The anatomical and morphological evaluations of these segments were performed using functional plain radiographs, CT scans, and MR images.

RESULTS

All of the 18 segments with postoperative lumbar facet synovial cyst were treated with bilateral lumbar posterior decompression. There was no significant radiological lumbar spinal instability in any segments, although 17 of 18 segments demonstrated facet articular spondylotic changes. Moreover, 12 of 18 patients demonstrated lumbar retrolisthesis in the neutral position.

CONCLUSIONS

Based on the authors’ results, they propose that patients with lumbar degenerative disease who have a potential biomechanical lumbar instability such as disruption of the facet articular surface and hydrarthrosis or lumbar facet tropism might have a high risk for formation of lumbar facet synovial cyst after bilateral posterior decompression surgery.
Reduced proximal junctional failure with ligament augmentation in adult spinal deformity: a series of 242 cases with a minimum 1-year follow-up
Authors: Safaee Michael M. , Haddad Alexander F. , Fury Marissa , Maloney Patrick R. , Scheer Justin K. , Lau Darryl , Deviren Vedat , Ames Christopher P.
Published: September 2021

OBJECTIVE

Proximal junctional kyphosis (PJK) and proximal junctional failure (PJF) are well-recognized complications of long-segment spinal fusion. Previous studies have suggested that ligament augmentation can decrease rates of PJF by reducing junctional stress and strengthening upper instrumented vertebrae (UIVs) and adjacent segments. However, there is a paucity of long-term data on the efficacy of ligament augmentation in preventing PJF. In this study, the authors sought to determine the effect of ligament augmentation on rates of PJF in a cohort of adult spinal deformity patients with at least 1 year of follow-up.

METHODS

They conducted a retrospective analysis of ligament augmentation in a consecutive series of surgical patients with adult spinal deformity. Data on patient demographics, surgical characteristics, and surgery for PJF were collected. The minimum follow-up was 12 months. Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed to identify factors associated with reoperation for PJF.

RESULTS

The authors identified a total of 242 patients (166 women [68.6%]) with ligament augmentation whose mean age was 66 years. The mean number of fused levels was 10, with a UIV distribution as follows: 90 upper thoracic UIVs (37.2%) and 152 lower thoracic UIVs (62.8%). Compared to a historical cohort of 77 patients treated before implementation of ligament augmentation, reoperation for PJF was significantly lower with ligament augmentation (15.6% vs 3.3%, p < 0.001). In a multivariate model, only ligament augmentation (OR 0.184, 95% CI 0.071–0.478, p = 0.001) and number of fused levels (OR 0.762, 95% CI 0.620–0.937, p = 0.010) were associated with reductions in reoperation for PJF.

CONCLUSIONS

Ligament augmentation was associated with significant reductions in the rate of reoperation for PJF at 12 months in a cohort of adult spinal deformity patients. The most dramatic reduction was seen among patients with lower thoracic UIV. These data suggest that in appropriately selected patients, ligament augmentation may be a valuable adjunct for PJF reduction; however, long-term follow-up is needed.
Beurteilung der Holzerntesysteme und der Walderschliessung in der Schweiz: neue Produkte
Authors: Bont Leo , Fraefel Marielle , Fischer Christoph , Temperli Christian , Frutig Fritz
Published: September 2021

Damit der Wald Ökosystemleistungen erbringen kann, sind waldbauliche Lenkungsmassnahmen erforderlich. Für die effiziente Durchführung dieser Lenkungsmassnahmen ist eine gute Erschliessung mit Waldstrassen nötig. In diesem Artikel werden drei neue Produkte des Schweizerischen Landesforstinventars (LFI) vorgestellt, die dazu beitragen, die Holzernte effizienter auszugestalten und die Walderschliessung zu optimieren. Beim ersten Produkt handelt es sich um ein Modell zur Herleitung des wirtschaftlich günstigsten Holzernteverfahrens auf jeder LFI-Probefläche. Dazu wurden räumliche Daten zur Topografie und zum Waldstrassennetz, Bestandesdaten und Informationen zu den auf den LFI-Probeflächen eingesetzten Holzernteverfahren sowie expertenbasierte Entscheidungsbäume verwendet. Die Resultate zeigen, dass unter Anwendung des wirtschaftlich besten Verfahrens allgemein höher mechanisierte Verfahren eingesetzt würden und somit Kosten eingespart werden könnten. Das zweite Produkt beinhaltet eine einheitliche und flächendeckende Beurteilung der Erschliessungsgüte. Dabei wurden unter anderem die Topografie, die Bodeneigenschaften, das Waldstrassennetz und die Hindernisse für die Holzernte berücksichtigt. Die Beurteilung ergab, dass sich die Erschliessung auf rund der Hälfte der Schweizer Waldfläche gut für eine effiziente Waldbewirtschaftung eignet, auf je einem Viertel aber nur bedingt oder gar nicht. Für das dritte Produkt wurde unter Berücksichtigung von Strassen- und Rückekosten die optimale Strassendichte ermittelt. Im Vergleich mit der aktuellen Strassendichte kann nun für grössere Gebiete ein Überblick über die ökonomische Effizienz von Walderschliessungen gewonnen werden. Die drei Produkte schaffen Grundlagen für eine detaillierte und flächendeckende Beurteilung der Erschliessungssituation und der Holzerntesysteme im Schweizer Wald und kamen auch schon in der kantonalen Waldplanung von Bern und Graubünden zur Anwendung.
Räumlich explizite Modellierung der NaiS-Standorttypen zur Analyse der Waldbestockung
Authors: Scherrer Daniel , Baltensweiler Andri , Fischer Christoph , Frehner Monika , Karpati Rafael Wüest , Wohlgemuth Thomas
Published: September 2021

Die Waldstandortkunde ist eine wichtige Grundlage für die waldbauliche Planung, indem sie Standorttypen definiert und für diese Baumartenempfehlungen formuliert. In der Schweiz wurde im Rahmen von Projekten «Nachhaltigkeit und Erfolgskontrolle im Schutzwald» (NaiS) in den letzten Jahren ein Standard von Standorttypen erarbeitet, der landesweite Bedeutung erlangte. Für eine Mehrheit der Kantone existieren Kartierungen von unterschiedlich definierten Waldstandorteinheiten, jedoch fehlt eine flächendeckende, konsistente Kartierung von Standorttypen. Basierend auf der Zuordnung von 240 Standorttypen gemäss NaiS zu allen 6357 Probeflächen des Schweizerischen Landeforstinventars (LFI; Projekt «NaiS-LFI»), kantonalen Standortkartierungen, einer Vielzahl von flächendeckend verfügbaren Umweltdaten und «Machine Learning»-Techniken modellierten wir die schweizweite Verteilung der NaiS-Standorttypen. Unsere Modelle erreichen eine Vorhersagegenauigkeit von 57% bezüglich der drei wahrscheinlichsten Standorttypen auf dem jeweiligen Waldpixel von 25 × 25 m. Wenn die Standorttypen mit gleichem Mischung- und Verjüngungsziel betrachtet werden (Aggregation zu 42 Waldeinheiten), dann steigt die Vorhersagegenauigkeit auf 75%. Angesichts des Umstands, dass 80% der Standorttypen auf weniger als 1% der LFI-Probeflächen kartiert wurden, ist dieses Resultat zufriedenstellend. Die Modellierung liefert damit nützliche Übersichten auf nationaler oder regionaler Ebene. Zwei Fallbeispiele zeigen potenzielle Anwendungen des Modells in der Praxis: Im ersten stellen wir dar, zu welchen Anteilen die NaiSStandorttypen in der Schweiz sich als Folge des Klimawandels verschieben könnten, im zweiten, wo die aktuelle Bestockung im Kanton Zürich stark von der potenziellen natürlichen Baumartenzusammensetzung abweicht.