bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Nucleic acid amplification tests reduce delayed diagnosis and misdiagnosis of pulmonary tuberculosis
Authors: Feng Jia-Yih , Lin Chou-Jui , Wang Jann-Yuan , Chien Shun-Tien , Lin Chih-Bin , Huang Wei-Chang , Lee Chih-Hsin , Shu Chin-Chung , Yu Ming-Chih , Lee Jen-Jyh , Chiang Chen-Yuan
Published: July 2022

The clinical impact of nucleic acid amplification (NAA) tests on reducing delayed diagnosis and misdiagnosis of pulmonary TB (PTB) has rarely been investigated. PTB patients were classified into a frontline NAA group, an add-on NAA group, and a no NAA group. The outcomes of interest were the proportion of PTB case died before anti-TB treatment, the interval between sputum examination and initiation of treatment, and misdiagnosis of PTB. A total of 2192 PTB patients were enrolled, including 282 with frontline NAA, 717 with add-on NAA, and 1193 with no NAA tests. Patients with NAA tests had a lower death rate before treatment initiation compared to those without NAA tests (1.6% vs. 4.4%, p < 0.001) in all cases. Patients with frontline NAA compared to those with add-on NAA and those without NAA, had a shorter interval between sputum examination and treatment initiation in all cases (3 days vs. 6 days (p < 0.001), vs 18 days (p < 0.001)), and less misdiagnosis in smear-positive cases (1.8% vs. 5.6% (p = 0.039), vs 6.5% (p = 0.026)). In conclusion, NAA tests help prevent death before treatment initiation. Frontline NAA tests perform better than add-on NAA and no NAA in avoiding treatment delay in all cases, and misdiagnosis of PTB in smear-positive cases.
Optimal reproduction of a porcine benign biliary stricture model using endobiliary radiofrequency ablation
Authors: Kwon Chang-Il , Jang Sung Ill , Jeong Seok , Kim Gwangil , Lee Tae Hoon , Cho Jae Hee , Nahm Ji Hae , Sung Min Je , Ko Kwang Hyun
Published: July 2022

The use of endobiliary radiofrequency ablation (RFA) to generate a benign biliary stricture (BBS) model has a significant reproducibility problem. The aims of this animal study were to create an optimal BBS model using endobiliary RFA and determine the best way to develop it. The first step was performed on the common bile duct (CBD) of 10 miniature pigs using endoscopic RFA with a target temperature-controlled mode (80 ℃, 7 W for 90 s). The second step was performed on the CBD of five miniature pigs to understand more about the time-dependent changes in BBS development and the causes of adverse events. Using the conditions and techniques identified in the previous steps, the third step was conducted to create an optimal BBS model in 12 miniature pigs. In the first trial, four out of 10 animals died (40%) after the procedure due to cholangitis-induced sepsis. Based on this, biliary obstruction was prevented in further steps by placing a biliary plastic stent after RFA application. Histologic examinations over time showed that a severe abscess developed at the RFA application site on the fifth day, followed by fibrosis on the tenth day, and completion on the twentieth day. In the third trial, 11 animals survived (91.7%), the average BBS fibrotic wall thickness was 1107.9 µm (763.1–1864.6 µm), and the degree of upstream biliary dilation was 14.4 mm (11.05–20.7 mm). In conclusion, endobiliary RFA combined with a biliary plastic stent resulted in a safe and reproducible BBS animal model.
Carbon nanoparticle-entrapped macroporous Mn3O4 microsphere anodes with improved cycling stability for Li-ion batteries
Authors: Kozawa Takahiro , Kitabayashi Fumiya , Fukuyama Kayo , Naito Makio
Published: July 2022

Manganese oxide (Mn3O4) has garnered substantial attention as a low-cost, environment-friendly anode material. It undergoes a conversion reaction involving the formation of Li2O and metallic Mn to provide high-energy Li-ion batteries. However, its low electrical conductivity and significant volume change reduce its capacity during the initial lithiation/delithiation, hindering its practical application. To improve the cycle performance, we propose a new composite structure wherein we entrap carbon nanoparticles in macroporous Mn3O4 microspheres with a unique maze-like porous interior. We fabricate the Mn3O4/C composites using a scalable two-step process involving the thermal decomposition of MnCO3 in water vapor and mixing in a carbon-dispersed solution. The fabricated Mn3O4/C composites with varying carbon contents exhibit a high maximum discharge capacity retention of 86% after 50 cycles, compared to the 18% given by bare Mn3O4. The entrapped carbon nanoparticles improve the cycle performance both electrochemically and physically. The microstructure of the composite particles and the fabrication process developed in this study will help improve the performance of other conversion-type anode materials that suffer from cycle degradation, including inexpensive transition metal oxides and sulfides.
Innovative targets of the lncRNA-miR-mRNA network in response to low-dose aspirin in breast cancer patients
Authors: Alipour Sadaf , Khalighfard Solmaz , Khori Vahid , Amiriani Taghi , Tajaldini Mahboubeh , Dehghan Mohammad , Sadani Somayeh , Omranipour Ramesh , Vahabzadeh Gelareh , Eslami Bita , Alizadeh Ali Mohammad
Published: July 2022

This study aimed to investigate innovative targets in breast cancer patients by considering the interaction of the lncRNA-miR-mRNA network in response to low-dose aspirin. The candidate miRs were first taken from the GEO and TCGA databases. Then, the candidate network was constructed using the high-throughput sequencing data. The expression levels of candidate targets were finally measured using Real-Time PCR in luminal A breast cancer patients undergoing aspirin (80 mg daily for three months) and non-aspirin groups during chemotherapy after surgery. The expression levels of TGFβ, IL-17, IFNγ, and IL-β proteins were measured using the ELISA technique. 5 lncRNAs, 12 miRs, and 10 genes were obtained in the bioinformatic phase. A significant expression increase of the candidate tumor suppressor lncRNAs, miRs, and genes and a substantial expression decrease of the candidate onco-lncRNAs, oncomiRs, and oncogenes were achieved after the aspirin consumption. Unlike the non-aspirin group, the expression levels of TGFβ, IL-17, IFNγ, and IL-β proteins were significantly decreased following aspirin consumption. The Kaplan–Meier analysis indicated a longer overall survival rate in the patients after aspirin consumption. Our results showed that the lncRNA-miR-mRNA network might be a significant target for aspirin; their expression changes may be a new strategy with potential efficacy for cancer therapy or prevention.
Persistent impact of Fukushima decontamination on soil erosion and suspended sediment
Authors: Bin Feng  , Onda Yuichi , Wakiyama Yoshifumi , Taniguchi Keisuke , Hashimoto Asahi , Zhang Yupan
Published: July 2022

In Fukushima, government-led decontamination reduced radiation risk and recovered137Cs-contaminated soil, yet its long-term downstream impacts remain unclear. Here we provide the comprehensive decontamination impact assessment from 2013 to 2018 using governmental decontamination data, high-resolution satellite images and concurrent river monitoring results. We find that regional erosion potential intensified during decontamination (2013–2016) but decreased in the subsequent revegetation stage. Compared with 2013, suspended sediment at the 1-year-flood discharge increased by 237.1% in 2016. A mixing model suggests that the gradually increasing sediment from decontaminated regions caused a rapid particulate137Cs decline, whereas no significant changes in downstream discharge-normalized137Cs flux were observed after decontamination. Our findings demonstrate that upstream decontamination caused persistently excessive suspended sediment loads downstream, though with reduced137Cs concentration, and that rapid vegetation recovery can shorten the duration of such unsustainable impacts. Future upstream remediation should thus consider pre-assessing local natural restoration and preparing appropriate revegetation measures in remediated regions for downstream sustainability.
A computational approach to quantifying miscounting of radiation-induced double-strand break immunofluorescent foci
Authors: Ingram Samuel P. , Warmenhoven John-William , Henthorn Nicholas T. , Chadiwck Amy L. , Santina Elham E. , McMahon Stephen J. , Schuemann Jan , Kirkby Norman F. , Mackay Ranald I. , Kirkby Karen J. , Merchant Michael J.
Published: July 2022

Immunofluorescent tagging of DNA double-strand break (DSB) markers, such as γ-H2AX and other DSB repair proteins, are powerful tools in understanding biological consequences following irradiation. However, whilst the technique is widespread, there are many uncertainties related to its ability to resolve and reliably deduce the number of foci when counting using microscopy. We present a new tool for simulating radiation-induced foci in order to evaluate microscope performance within in silico immunofluorescent images. Simulations of the DSB distributions were generated using Monte Carlo track-structure simulation. For each DSB distribution, a corresponding DNA repair process was modelled and the un-repaired DSBs were recorded at several time points. Corresponding microscopy images for both a DSB and (γ-H2AX) fluorescent marker were generated and compared for different microscopes, radiation types and doses. Statistically significant differences in miscounting were found across most of the tested scenarios. These inconsistencies were propagated through to repair kinetics where there was a perceived change between radiation-types. These changes did not reflect the underlying repair rate and were caused by inconsistencies in foci counting. We conclude that these underlying uncertainties must be considered when analysing images of DNA damage markers to ensure differences observed are real and are not caused by non-systematic miscounting.
Universal stripe order as a precursor of the superconducting phase in pressurized BaFe2Se3 Spin Ladder
Authors: Zheng Wen-Gen , Balédent Victor , Colin Claire V. , Damay Françoise , Rueff Jean-Pascal , Forget Anne , Colson Dorothée , Foury-Leylekian Pascale
Published: July 2022

It has been recently observed that a superconducting phase emerges under pressure in the Fe-based spin-ladders BaFe2X3 (X = S, Se). The low dimensionality of the Fe spin-ladders, which simplifies the elaboration of theoretical models, should help to understand the mechanism of superconductivity. We investigate here the frontier between magnetic and superconducting (SC) phases in BaFe2Se3 by performing challenging powder neutron diffraction (PND) and Fe Kβ x-ray emission spectroscopy (XES) under high pressure. We show that the ambient pressure ground state with a block-like magnetic order is destabilized under pressure. A pressure-induced antiferromagnetic stripe-like spin order, similar to the magnetic order of the parent superconductor BaFe2S3, is observed above 3-4 GPa. Our discovery shows that the stripe magnetic order is a key phase close to the SC dome and its particular magnetic fluctuations could be involved in the stabilization of superconductivity in Fe-based spin ladders.
The relationship between the gut microbiome and the risk of respiratory infections among newborns
Authors: Moroishi Yuka , Gui Jiang , Hoen Anne G. , Morrison Hilary G. , Baker Emily R. , Nadeau Kari C. , Li Hongzhe , Li Zhigang , Madan Juliette C. , Karagas Margaret R.
Published: July 2022

Background

Emerging evidence points to a critical role of the developing gut microbiome in immune maturation and infant health; however, prospective studies are lacking.

Methods

We examined the occurrence of infections and associated symptoms during the first year of life in relation to the infant gut microbiome at six weeks of age using bacterial 16S rRNA V4-V5 gene sequencing (N = 465) and shotgun metagenomics (N = 185). We used generalized estimating equations to assess the associations between longitudinal outcomes and 16S alpha diversity and metagenomics species.

Results

Here we show higher infant gut microbiota alpha diversity was associated with an increased risk of infections or respiratory symptoms treated with a prescription medicine, and specifically upper respiratory tract infections. Among vaginally delivered infants, a higher alpha diversity was associated with an increased risk of all-cause wheezing treated with a prescription medicine and diarrhea involving a visit to a health care provider. Positive associations were specifically observed with Veillonella species among all deliveries and Haemophilus influenzae among cesarean-delivered infants.

Conclusion

Our findings suggest that intestinal microbial diversity and the relative abundance of key taxa in early infancy may influence susceptibility to respiratory infection, wheezing, and diarrhea.
Comment on “Efficacy of ginseng and its ingredients as adjuvants to chemotherapy in non-small cell lung cancer” by H. Zhu, H. Liu, J. H. Zhu, S. Y. Wang, S. S. Zhou, M. Kong, Q. Mao, F. Long, Z. J. Fang and S.-L. Li, Food Funct., 2021, 12, 2225
Authors: Lee Hye Won , Ang Lin , Lee Myeong Soo
Published: July 2022

This comment raises concerns about the article “Efficacy of ginseng and its ingredients as adjuvants to chemotherapy in non-small cell lung cancer”.
Bifunctional monomer oligomers-based composite molecularly imprinted membranes for the electrochemical monitoring of Sudan I
Authors: Gao Qing , Zang Yang , Xie Ju , Chen Lanfen , Xu Jiaqi , Huang Hao , Xue Huaiguo
Published: July 2022

P(L)ICO and PASCO-independent bifunctional monomer oligomers were utilized to construct a molecularly imprinted electrochemical sensor for monitoring Sudan I.
A high-capacity self-sacrificial additive based on electroactive sodiated carbonyl groups for sodium-ion batteries
Authors: Zhang Zhengna , Zhang Rui , Rajagopalan Ranjusha , Tang Zheng , Sun Dan , Wang Haiyan , Tang Yougen
Published: July 2022

A new type of high-capacity sacrificial additive (Na4C6O6) is proposed to replenish the sodium loss in sodium ion full-cells. The CH//Na3V2(PO4)2F3 full-cells demonstrate significantly enhanced energy density after introducing an appropriate amount of additive.
Identification of a pyrone-type species as the active site for the oxygen reduction reaction
Authors: Sun Zhao-Hong , Zhang Xue , Yang Xiao-Dong , Shi Wen-Na , Huang Yan-Qing , Men Yong-Ling , Yang Jing , Zhou Zhi-You
Published: July 2022

A bicyclic pyrone-type species on carbon catalysts was identified as the active site for the oxygen reduction reaction.
Photocatalytic stannylation of white phosphorus
Authors: Till Marion , Cammarata Jose , Wolf Robert , Scott Daniel J.
Published: July 2022

A simple, mechanistically unique photochemical procedure is reported for the efficient, direct, catalytic stannylation of P4and ‘one pot’ transformation into valuable monophosphorus compounds.
Nanopore facilitated monohydrocalcitic amorphous calcium carbonate precipitation
Authors: Page Katharine , Stack Andrew G. , Chen Si Athena , Wang Hsiu-Wen
Published: July 2022

The observation of protocrystalline monohydrocalcitic amorphous calcium carbonate nucleation in small pores under flow conditions has implications for biomineralization and carbon sequestration pathways.
Quantum error correction with molecular spin qudits
Authors: Chizzini Mario , Crippa Luca , Zaccardi Luca , Macaluso Emilio , Carretta Stefano , Chiesa Alessandro , Santini Paolo
Published: July 2022

Molecular multi-level spin qudits are very promising for quantum computing, embedding quantum error correction within single objects. We compare the performance of electronic/nuclear molecular qudits in the implementation of quantum error correction.
Re-examining the giant magnetization density in α′′-Fe16N2 with the SCAN+U method
Authors: Devi Assa Aravindh Sasikala , Nokelainen Johannes , Barbiellini Bernardo , Devaraj Murali , Alatalo Matti , Bansil Arun
Published: July 2022

The optimized structure of α′′-Fe16N2 with the three different Fe sites marked distinctly.
Co-doping studies to enhance the life and electro-chemo-mechanical properties of the LiMn2O4cathode using multi-scale modeling and neuro-computing techniques
Authors: Tyagi Ramavtar , Srinivasan Seshasai
Published: July 2022

Degradation of Lithium Manganese Oxide (LMO) spinel is mitigated by co-doping and using multiscale modelling comprising of Quantum Mechanics, Classical Molecular Dynamics, and Computational Fluid Dynamics, coupled with Artificial Neural Networks.
Controlled tuning of radiative–nonradiative transition via solvent perturbation: Franck–Condon emission vs. aggregation caused quenching
Authors: Paul Provakar , Karar Monaj , Mondal Bibhas , Roy Ujjal Kanti , Ghosh Ashutosh , Majumdar Tapas , Mallick Arabinda
Published: July 2022

The interplay of solvent polarity–proticity guided emission enhancement, and aggregation caused quenching was employed for the fluorescence QY tuning of a synthesized molecule, BIPM, just by adjusting the DiOx–H2O solvent composition.
Multiple-cation wide-bandgap perovskite solar cells grown using cesium formate as the Cs precursor with high efficiency under sunlight and indoor illumination
Authors: Guo Qiang , Ding Yuanjia , Dai Zheng , Chen Zongwei , Du Mengzhen , Wang Zongtao , Gao Lei , Duan Chen , Guo Qing , Zhou Erjun
Published: July 2022

Using cesium formate as the Cs precursor, wide-bandgap perovskite solar cells achieve high efficiencies of 20.01% under AM1.5G illumination and 38.52% under LED light illumination (2700 K, 1000 lux).
Ultrasonic study of 1-X adamantane (X = F, Cl, Br) compounds at high pressure and at order–disorder transitions
Authors: Gromnitskaya Elena L. , Danilov Igor V. , Brazhkin Vadim V.
Published: July 2022

We have detected for the first time the boundaries of the 1-fluoroadamantane HT → MT → LT phase transitions under pressure, and have confirmed that the MT → LT is a second-order phase transition, manifested in anomalies of the elastic properties
Photolytic insertion of carbon monoxide into nitrosyl chloride: formation of nitrosoformyl chloride
Authors: Lu Bo , Jiang Xin , Zeng Xiaoqing
Published: July 2022

UV irradiation of nitrosyl chloride in solid carbon monoxide at 20 K causes CO-insertion by yielding an elusive nitrosocarbonyl compound ClC(O)NO for characterization with matrix-isolation IR and UV-vis spectroscopy.
A concise method for cyclic gem-difluoroacyl scaffolds via visible-light-mediated redox-neutral cascade radical cyclization of alkenes
Authors: Liu Zhen , Wei Yin , Shi Min
Published: July 2022

A series of diverse alkenes were engaged in redox-neutral radical tandem cyclization initiated by a CF2 radical precursor via visible-light-induced photocatalysis, affording various cyclic gem-difluoroacyl arenes in good to excellent yields.
Effects of early biofilm formation on water quality during commissioning of new polyethylene pipes
Authors: Skovhus Torben L. , Søborg D. A. , Braga F. S. , Højris B. , Kristensen K. B. , Hansen K. L.
Published: July 2022

Drinking water biofilms are considered beneficial as they increase the microbiological water stability. Multiple water quality measurements of a newly commissioned PE pipe in Aarhus, Denmark showed importance of biofilm formation on water quality.
The kesterite–stannite structural transition as a way to avoid Cu/Zn disorder in kesterites: the exemplary case of the Cu2(Zn,Mn)SnSe4
Authors: Gurieva Galina , Niedenzu Sara , Siminel Nikita , Franz Alexandra , Schorr Susan
Published: July 2022

Cu/BII disorder is significantly reduced with Mn incorporation and the kesterite–stannite structural phase transition in Cu2(Zn,Mn)SnSe4.
Mechanochemical preparation of a modified NiAl2O4structure
Authors: Rivas Maria Elena , Blakiston Charlotte , Seljamäe-Green Riho T. , Tran Trung Dung , Thompsett David , Day Stephen , Bilbe Edward , Fisher Janet
Published: July 2022

An increase in milling energy results in higher levels of non-crystallinity, surface modification and indications of Ni–Al–O interactions. Evidence of mechanochemical activation is demonstrated with higher quantities of NiAl2O4.
Molecular electronic refrigeration against parallel phonon heat leakage channels
Authors: Tabatabaei Fatemeh , Merabia Samy , Gotsmann Bernd , Prunnila Mika , Niehaus Thomas A.
Published: July 2022

Consideration of electron and phonon heat transport in OPE3 molecular junctions shows that Peltier cooling may lead to nW cooling power and refrigeration of up to 10 K.
Robust pure spin current induced by the photogalvanic effect in half-silicane with spatial inversion symmetry
Authors: Fu Zhentao , Yan Pinglan , Li Jin , Zhang Sifan , He Chaoyu , Ouyang Tao , Zhang Chunxiao , Tang Chao , Zhong Jianxin
Published: July 2022

A realization scheme is proposed to generate pure spin current using 2D half-silicane with spatial inversion symmetry via the photogalvanic effect.
Preparation of new bio-based antibacterial acrylic bone cementviamodification with a biofunctional monomer of nitrofurfuryl methacrylate
Authors: Chu Jianjun , Li Chuang , Guo Jing , Xu Yang , Fu Yao
Published: July 2022

The new bio-based antibacterial p(NFMA-co-MMA) bone cement exhibits excellent antibacterial performance in the treatment of osteoporotic vertebral compression fracture.
Iodine and alkali metal alkoxides: a simple and versatile catalytic system for fully alternating polyester synthesis from phthalic anhydride and epoxides
Authors: Kummari Anjaneyulu , Pappuru Sreenath , Singha Roy Sourav , Chakraborty Debashis
Published: July 2022

Regioselective ROCOP of various epoxides with phthalic anhydride using readily available and economical catalysts i.e. I2 in combination with alkali metal alkoxides was used.
Catalytically atroposelective ring-opening of configurationally labile compounds to access axially chiral biaryls
Authors: Wang Guanjie , Huang Jie , Zhang Junmin , Fu Zhenqian
Published: July 2022

In this minireview, we evaluate and summarize the construction of axially chiral biaryls, and briefly state our personal perspectives on the future advancement of this direction.
Self-assembled sonogels formed from 1,4-naphthalenedicarbonyldinicotinic acid hydrazide
Authors: Liao Lieqiang , Liu Ruidong , Hu Shuwen , Jiang Wenting , Chen Yali , Zhong Jinlian , Jia Xinjian , Liu Huijin , Luo Xuzhong
Published: July 2022

Ultrasound-induced gelation of a novel type of gelator, 1,4-naphthalenedicarbonyl- dinicotinic acid hydrazide, is reported. The gelator self-assembled into various architectures in different solvents.
Beyond GalNAc! Drug delivery systems comprising complex oligosaccharides for targeted use of nucleic acid therapeutics
Authors: O'Sullivan Joseph , Muñoz-Muñoz Jose , Turnbull Graeme , Sim Neil , Penny Stuart , Moschos Sterghios
Published: July 2022

Tapping the glycome space for targeted delivery. We explore GalNAc for targeting oligonucleotides to the liver and ask what other oligosaccharides could expand targeting options for other tissues.
Strain coupling of ferroelastic domains and misfit dislocations in [101]-oriented ferroelectric PbTiO3 films
Authors: Feng Y. P. , Jiang R. J. , Zhu Y. L. , Tang Y. L. , Wang Y. J. , Zou M. J. , Geng W. R. , Ma X. L.
Published: July 2022

The strain coupling of misfit dislocations and ferroelastic domains is revealed in [101]-oriented PbTiO3/(La, Sr)(Al, Ta)O3 films and flexoelectric-induced polarization rotation is observed around the misfit dislocation cores.
Mutual functionalization of dinitrogen and methane mediated by heteronuclear metal cluster anions CoTaC2−
Authors: Mou Li-Hui , Li Yao , Wei Gong-Ping , Li Zi-Yu , Liu Qing-Yu , Chen Hui , He Sheng-Gui
Published: July 2022

A possible N–C bond formation directly from N2 and CH4 mediated by heteronuclear metal cluster anions CoTaC2− at room temperature was identified.
Cation assisted binding and cleavage of dinitrogen by uranium complexes
Authors: Jori Nadir , Rajeshkumar Thayalan , Scopelliti Rosario , Z̆ivković Ivica , Sienkiewicz Andrzej , Maron Laurent , Mazzanti Marinella
Published: July 2022

N2binding affinity decreases markedly in a series of isostructural U(iii)–alkali ions complexes with increasing cation size. N2binding is undetectable in the Cs analogue, but the first example of cesium-assisted N2cleavage to bis-nitride was observed at ambient condition.
Thermoresponsive ionogels with switchable adhesion in air and aqueous environments induced by LCST phase behavior
Authors: Zhao Cong , Chen Lie , Ru Yunfei , Zhang Longhao , Liu Mingjie
Published: July 2022

We report a thermoresponsive ionogel with switchable adhesion both in air and aqueous environments, which can be utilized for the underwater on demand capture and release.
Emerging ruthenium single-atom catalysts for the electrocatalytic hydrogen evolution reaction
Authors: Zhu Jingting , Cai Lejuan , Tu Yudi , Zhang Lifu , Zhang Wenjing
Published: July 2022

Synthesis strategies, characterization methods, and various supports for Ru-based single-atom catalysts and their HER performance are reviewed.
Tailoring defect-type and ligand-vacancies in Zr(iv) frameworks for CO2 photoreduction
Authors: Wang Shi-Qing , Wang Xinzhu , Cheng Xiao-Mei , Ma Jing , Sun Wei-Yin
Published: July 2022

Theoretical calculations in combination with experimental data verified that the type of defects and degree of ligand vacancies in MOFs can tailor the efficiency of CO2 photoreduction.
A smart hydrogel patch with high transparency, adhesiveness and hemostasis for all-round treatment and glucose monitoring of diabetic foot ulcers
Authors: Liu Hou , Li Zuhao , Che Songtian , Feng Yubin , Guan Lin , Yang Xinting , Zhao Yue , Wang Jincheng , Zvyagin Andrei V. , Yang Bai , Lin Quan
Published: July 2022

A smart transparent and conductive hydrogel patch was engineered for all-round treatment of diabetic foot ulcers, meanwhile, the capacity of glucose monitoring could reflect the blood sugar levels and help to adjust the therapeutic regimen in time.
A polymer acceptor containing a B ← N unit with strong fluorescence for organic photovoltaics
Authors: Wang Jiahui , Gao Yuyue , Yang Liuqing , Yin Xiaodong , Zhang Lu , Wang Shumeng , Xie Zhiyuan , Liu Jun , Wang Lixiang
Published: July 2022

A polymer acceptor containing a B ← N unit with a twisted backbone exhibits strong fluorescence and excellent photovoltaic performance.
Classifying Interpreter Behaviors During Aphasia Assessments: Survey Results and Checklist Development
Authors: Babbitt Edna M. , Ginsberg-Jaeckle Matthew , Larkin Elissa , Escarcega Sylvia , Cherney Leora R.
Published: July 2022

Purpose:

It is known that interpreter-mediated aphasia assessments may not provide the linguistic information that speech-language pathologists (SLPs) need to provide accurate diagnoses and determine treatment goals. The purpose of our study was to understand the perceptions of SLPs and interpreters who collaborate in a medical setting and to develop a checklist to categorize and quantify the errors interpreters make. Interpreter training may lead to unintentional errors that impact the information the SLP gains from the assessment session.

Method:

In Phase 1 of the study, 38 hospital SLPs and 26 interpreters responded to survey questions about their experiences working with the other discipline. In Phase 2, eight Spanish-speaking interpreters and two Spanish-speaking participants with fluent aphasia took part in a standardized interpreter-mediated aphasia assessment. A bilingual SLP and a Spanish-speaking interpreter analyzed and coded the assessments for errors in the interpreters’ behaviors.

Results:

Results from the survey demonstrated that both SLPs and interpreters would like the interpreters to have more education regarding the diagnosis of aphasia and an understanding of the SLP's goals during an aphasia assessment. A lack of time was considered the primary hindrance to educating interpreters during an evaluation session. The checklist included interpreter behaviors that could significantly impact the SLP’s ability to diagnose aphasia: omission of speech/language information, meaning errors, and cueing. Positive behaviors noted were calling attention to patient error and pointing out potential confusing items.

Conclusions:

Education for both disciplines will enhance the accuracy of interpreter-mediated aphasia assessments. A checklist tool with specific examples of errors may be useful in educating not only experienced interpreters and SLPs but also students in both disciplines.
Implementation of a holistic digital twin solution for design prototyping and virtual commissioning
Authors: Ugarte Querejeta Miriam , Illarramendi Rezabal Miren , Unamuno Gorka , Bellanco Jose Luis , Ugalde Eneko , Valor Valor Antonio
Published: July 2022

Industry 4.0 has ushered in a new era of digital manufacturing and in this context, digital twins are considered as the next wave of simulation technologies. The development and commissioning of Cyber Physical Systems (CPS) is taking advantage of these technologies to improve product quality while reducing costs and time to market. However, existing practices of virtual design prototyping and commissioning require the cooperation of domain specific engineering fields. This involves considerable effort as development is mostly carried out in different departments using vendor specific simulation tools. There is still no integrated simulation environment commercially available, in which all engineering disciplines can work collaboratively. This presents a major challenge when interlinking virtual models with their physical counterparts. This paper therefore addresses these challenges by implementing a holistic and vendor agnostic digital twin solution for design prototyping and commissioning practices. The solution was tested in an industrial use case, in which the digital twin effectively prototyped cost‐efficient solar assembly lines.
Adaptive control and management of multiple nano‐grids in an islanded dc microgrid system
Authors: Abadi Seyyed Ali Ghorashi Khalil , Khalili Tohid , Habibi Seyed Iman , Bidram Ali , Guerrero Joseph M.
Published: July 2022

This paper presents an adaptive control framework for the flexible and effective management and control of clustered DC nano‐grids (NGs) in an islanded DC microgrid system. It is assumed that each NG contains a photovoltaic (PV) system, a battery energy storage system (BESS), local loads, and a gateway (GW) module. Each NG has a hierarchical control system consisting of a decision‐making module and low‐level controllers. The decision‐making module ensures various desirable features including plug‐and‐play operation of NGs, maximum utilization of PV power generations, and avoiding state of charge (SoC) violation of batteries. Moreover, an adaptive model predictive control (AMPC) strategy is proposed to regulate the voltage of the NG local DC buses in the presence of non‐linear loads. This approach improves the performance of the NG voltage control system and reduces the current ripples of BESSs, thereby enhancing the lifetime of the batteries. In addition, a smart switching consensus‐based control strategy is designed that provides flexible power sharing among the NGs to balance the SoC of BESSs in which the BESSs altogether imitate the behaviour of a single cloud energy storage system (ESS). Finally, the performance of the proposed control system is verified by simulating the DC microgrid in MATLAB/Simulink.
Modelling on thermal‐fluid field in SF6 insulated high voltage direct current bushing with its influence on electric field distribution and metal particle motion
Authors: Yang Xiao , Zhang Yi , Yang Zhuodong , Dong Hao , Li Chengrong , Qi Bo , Lu Licheng , Sun Caixin
Published: July 2022

The insulation performance of SF6 insulated high voltage direct current apparatus are often analysed in a pure electric field or electro‐thermal coupled field while the fluid behaviour of SF6 gas flow is often ignored. However, frequent flashover along the support insulators inside the SF6 insulated wall bushing indicates that the fluid characteristics of SF6 may have considerable influence on the interior insulation performance of the bushing. This paper has simulated the thermo‐fluid coupled field in the SF6 insulated wall bushing based on the finite element method model. The result shows that buoyant flow of SF6 has evident influence on the temperature distribution in the bushing. On this basis, the effect of the thermo‐fluid field on the electric field distribution along the insulator as well as on the motion behaviour of the metallic particles is analysed. Furthermore, the effect of different thermal boundary conditions on analysis of the multi‐physics field in the bushing is discussed and the most suitable one for simulation and experiment is suggested. Comparisons are made between different supporting structures and modification advices are proposed. This paper can serve as a good reference for subsequent research studies on SF6 insulated apparatus in which the temperature gradient or the motion of the micro‐sized metallic particles shall be considered.
Fast bilateral complementary network for deep learning compressed sensing image reconstruction
Authors: Yuan Guo , Jinlin Jiang , Wei Chen
Published: July 2022

Great progress has been made in deep learning image reconstruction, but there are still problems that need to be improved, such as the extraction of image texture details and the improvement of the overall contour quality of the image, and how to reduce the transmission cost is also the focus of research. This paper proposes a fast bilateral network suitable for both grayscale and color image reconstruction. In the compression network, bilinear interpolation, fully connected layer and convolutional neural network are selected for image compression. The reconstruction network is divided into two parts: the texture path and contour path, the former reconstructs the remaining texture details of the image, and the latter performs deep contour reconstruction. The bilateral complementary residual connection method transfers the texture information to the contour path and improves the contour quality, and the improvement of the contour quality can improve the learning of texture details. Through a large number of data tests, it shows that the network in this paper has achieved comparable or better results in terms of image reconstruction quality, time‐consuming and robustness against noise. It solves the problem of memory consumption for storing a large number of images, and also provides convenience for shortening space and time during image transmission.
GTFD‐XTNet: A tabular learning‐based ensemble approach for short‐term prediction of photovoltaic power
Authors: Wang Qinglun , Chai Songjian , Liu Yun , Wang Guibin
Published: July 2022

Greenhouse effect has led to the deterioration of the global climate, so the development of renewable energy is extremely urgent. Photovoltaic (PV) generation has attracted much attention in recent years, but it is limited by the uncertain and intermittent nature, which needs promising PV prediction models. In this study, we propose a novel hybrid deep learning model based on the TabNet, extreme gradient boosting (XGBoost) and linear regression, which is motivated by the ensemble and residual ideas. The models of XGBoost and TabNet are fitted simultaneously based on numeric weather prediction (NWP) information. We adopt the linear regression to combine the results from both TabNet and XGBoost to render the final estimates through ResNet approaches. Besides, the gradient boosting decision tree (GBDT) is incorporated for redundant feature reduction and important feature selection. Meanwhile, the general time features difference (GTFD) is also developed in this work to augment the original feature space and to mine the implicit temporal relationships among features. The proposed model is validated in real‐life PV data and the experimental results show that the GTFD‐XTNet model outperforms the state‐of‐the‐art forecasting models in the PV field.
Semi-supervised standardized detection of extrasolar planets
Authors: Sulis S. , Mary D. , Bigot L. , Deleuil M.
Published: July 2022

Context. The detection of small exoplanets with the radial velocity (RV) technique is limited by various poorly known noise sources of instrumental and stellar origin. As a consequence, current detection techniques often fail to provide reliable estimates of the significance levels of detection tests in terms of false-alarm rates orp-values.

Aims. We designed an RV detection procedure that provides reliablep-value estimates while accounting for the various noise sources typically affecting RV data. The method is able to incorporate ancillary information about the noise (e.g., stellar activity indicators) and specific data- or context-driven data (e.g. instrumental measurements, magnetohydrodynamical simulations of stellar convection, and simulations of meridional flows or magnetic flux emergence).

Methods. The detection part of the procedure uses a detection test that is applied to a standardized periodogram. Standardization allows an autocalibration of the noise sources with partially unknown statistics (algorithm 1). The estimation of thep-value of the test output is based on dedicated Monte Carlo simulations that allow handling unknown parameters (algorithm 2). The procedure is versatile in the sense that the specific pair (periodogram and test) is chosen by the user. Ancillary or context-driven data can be used if available.

Results. We demonstrate by extensive numerical experiments on synthetic and real RV data from the Sun andαCenB that the proposed method reliably allows estimating thep-values. The method also provides a way to evaluate the dependence of the estimatedp-values that are attributed to a reported detection on modeling errors. It is a critical point for RV planet detection at low signal-to-noise ratio to evaluate this dependence. The python algorithms developed in this work are available on GitHub.

Conclusions. Accurate estimation ofp-values when unknown parameters are involved in the detection process is an important but only recently addressed question in the field of RV detection. Although this work presents a method to do this, the statistical literature discussed in this paper may trigger the development of other strategies.
Chromatic drift of the Espresso Fabry-Pérot etalon
Authors: Schmidt Tobias M. , Chazelas Bruno , Lovis Christophe , Dumusque Xavier , Bouchy François , Pepe Francesco , Figueira Pedro , Sosnowska Danuta
Published: July 2022

In the last decade, white-light illuminated Fabry-Pérot interferometers have been established as a widely used, relatively simple, reliable, and cost-effective way to precisely calibrate high-resolution echelle spectrographs. However, a recent study reported a chromatic drift of the Fabry-Pérot interferometer installed at the Habitable-zone Planet Finder spectrograph. In particular, they found that the variation of the etalon effective gap size is not achromatic, as has usually been assumed, but that, in fact, it depends on wavelength. Here, we present a similar study of the Espresso Fabry-Pérot interferometer. Using daily calibrations spanning a period of over 2.5 yr, we also find clear evidence for a chromatic drift with an amplitude of a few cm s−1 per day with a characteristic, quasi-oscillatory dependence on wavelength. We conclude that this effect is probably caused by the aging of the dielectric mirror coatings and we expect that similar chromatic drifts might affect all Fabry-Pérot interferometers used for the calibration of astronomical spectrographs. However, we also demonstrate that the chromatic drift can be measured and, in principle, corrected using only standard calibrations based on hollow cathode lamp spectra.
Vorbereitung auf Anschläge mit hochtoxischen Substanzen im
öffentlichen Raum
Authors: Socher Martin , Zilker Thomas , Fromme Hermann , Wildner Manfred
Published: July 2022

Der Einsatz von chemischen Stoffen in terroristischen Szenarien ist nach den
bekannt gewordenen Ereignissen der letzten Jahre überall und
insbesondere auch in der westlichen Welt zu befürchten. Zum Schutz der
Zivilbevölkerungen im Ernstfall ist eine möglichst schnelle und
verlässliche Erkennung des Vergiftungsbildes (Toxidrom) durch
Fortbildung der Akteure und eine Versorgung mit notwendigen Rettungsmitteln
(Antidota) in vorbereiteten Einrichtungen essentiell. In einem
Kompetenz-Netzwerk mit speziellen Zuständigkeiten kommt auch
Ärztinnen und Ärzten des Öffentlichen
Gesundheitsdienstes (ÖGD) für den Fall eines chemischen
Anschlags mit terroristischer Motivation in der Kommunikation mit
Entscheidungsträgern und der Öffentlichkeit absehbar eine
tragende Rolle zu.
Downregulation of lncRNA ASMTL-AS1 in Epithelial Ovarian Cancer Correlates with Worse Prognosis and Cancer Progression
Authors: Xu Hui , Tang Yan , Liu Lu , Yan Jie , Qin Li
Published: July 2022

Given the characters of “Silent killer”, epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) usually suffered late diagnosis and poor prognosis. Therefore, this study aimed to explore the prognostic significance of ASMTL-AS1 in EOC and investigated the effect of lncRNA ASMTL-AS1 dysregulation on tumor cellular function. ASMTL-AS1 expression was analyzed in 133 EOC tissues and five kinds of cell lines by RT-qPCR. The expression of ASMTL-AS1 was tested for correlation with clinical data using the chi-square test and clinical follow-up using Kaplan-Meier method with log-rank test. Further, the prognostic parameters in predicting EOC overall survival were assessed by using multivariate Cox proportional hazards analysis. In vitro assays, including MTT assay and transwell assay, were conducted using EOC cell lines with overexpression of ASMTL-AS1. In tumorous tissues and cell lines, ASMTL-AS1 was lowly expressed compared with normal ones. This downregulation was associated with the advanced FIGO stage, positive ascites cytology, and lymph node. In particular, low levels of ASMTL-AS1 were revealed to have a high prognostic impact on EOC. ASMTL-AS1 overexpression strongly decreased cell proliferation, migration, and invasion in vitro partly by moderating miR-1228-3p. This study demonstrates a significant role for lowly expressed ASMTL-AS1 in EOC allowing for the prediction of prognosis for EOC. Considering that ASMTL-AS1 is strongly involved in cell growth and invasion, ASMTL-AS1 may be a promising marker for EOC prognosis and therapy
Photoredox-Mediated Desulfonylative Radical Reactions: An Excellent Approach Towards C–C and C–Heteroatom Bond Formation
Authors: Paul Biprajit , Paul Hrishikesh , Chatterjee Indranil
Published: July 2022

In recent times, desulfonylative radical-cross-coupling (RCC) has come to the forefront in synthetic organic, bio, and material chemistry as a powerful strategy to form C–C and C–heteroatom bonds. Diverse functionalization through metal- and photoredox-catalyzed desulfonylation reactions has attracted the scientific community due to the mild reaction conditions, wide functional group tolerance, and excellent synthetic efficacy. In this review, we have highlighted photoredox-mediated desulfonylation reactions developed since 2000. This review will summarize the newly reported methodologies, with particular emphasis on their mechanistic aspects and selectivity issues which have paved a new way towards sustainable C–C and C–X (X = H or heteroatom) bond formation.

1 Introduction

2 Photoredox-Catalyzed C–C Bond Formation

2.1 Aryl Sulfones as Radical Precursor

2.2 Reactions of Allyl Sulfones

3 Photoredox-Catalyzed C–Heteroatom Bond Formation

4 Conclusion
COVID-19 Associated Mucormycosis with Newly Diagnosed Diabetes Mellitus in Young Males – A Tertiary Care Experience
Authors: Kapoor Sahil , Saidha Poonam Kumar , Gupta Ayushi , Saini Urvi , Satya Sneha
Published: July 2022

Introduction Patients with a history of or active COVID-19 infection are predisposed to the development of opportunist bacterial and fungal infections. A rising incidence of a rare occurring fungal infection earlier, called mucormycosis, has been reported in abundance across the globe since March 2021, especially in India just as the second wave of COVID-19 began, caused by the trifecta of hyperglycemia (new-onset or exacerbation of pre-existing diabetes), oxygen therapy (invasive or noninvasive ventilation), and prolonged intake of steroids.

Objective The present study aimed at assessing the prevalence of post-COVID mucormycosis in males of younger age group and spread of rhino-orbital-cerebral mucormycosis (ROCM).

Methods A case-control study was performed over a period of 3 months among 60 male patients with confirmed diagnosis of mucormycosis. Individuals < 40 years old were included in the case group (n = 30), while those > 40 years old were included as controls (n = 30). Disease spread was assessed in three types of ROCM, that is, rhinomaxillary, rhino-orbital, and rhino-orbito-cerebral mucormycosis.

Results In the control group, the mean age was 48.47 years old, the mean HbA1c was 10.62 ± 1.88%, with most of them suffering from rhino-orbital mucormycosis. In the case group, the mean age was 31.57 years old, with a mean HbA1c of 10.11 ± 2.46%, and most patients had rhinomaxillary mucormycosis. The duration of steroid intake and mode of oxygen therapy were found to be significant in the severity of ROCM.

Conclusion Rising cases of post-COVID mucormycosis have brought to light the fatal consequences of prolonged use of steroids and oxygen therapy towards the development and spread of ROCM among young and middle-aged males.
Percepção de cirurgiões ortopédicos sobre os riscos da exposição à radiação na fluoroscopia
Authors: Barbosa Helia Bittar , Silva Ana Maria Marques da
Published: July 2022

Objetivo Este estudo visa compreender as percepções dos médicos ortopedistas e traumatologistas em relação ao risco da exposição à radiação ionizante nos procedimentos de fluoroscopia.

Métodos Desenvolveu-se um questionário objetivo, estruturado, autoaplicável e com variáveis sociodemográficas, profissionais e ocupacionais, disponibilizado através de convite enviado a médicos ortopedistas cujos contatos estavam disponibilizados publicamente.

Resultados Foram respondidos e analisados 141 questionários. A maioria dos respondentes (99%) utilizam a fluoroscopia em suas cirurgias, e apenas 34,8% dos participantes se sentem seguros com o uso do equipamento. Observou-se que o conhecimento sobre radiação ionizante é inadequado, pois 22,6% dos respondentes desconhecem o tipo de radiação emitida na fluoroscopia e seus efeitos biológicos. Além disso, 52% dos respondentes não conhecem ou não compreendem os princípios de proteção radiológica e suas relações com as práticas cirúrgicas.

Conclusão Conclui-se que a proteção radiológica da maioria dos ortopedistas nos procedimentos cirúrgicos é inadequada e são necessários programas de formação inicial e continuada dos profissionais, trazendo benefícios para a saúde dos ortopedistas e de seus pacientes.
Measurement of the Consultation Duration in Otorhinolaryngology Outpatient Clinics: Comparison between a University Hospital and a City Hospital
Authors: Yamamura Yukie , Kusama Kaoru , Tomita Erika , Nonaka Manabu
Published: July 2022

Materials and Methods The length of consultation per patient was measured by direct observation at the ear–nose–throat outpatient clinics of one university hospital and one city hospital. The consultation time was measured as follows. Direct consultation time: time spent on history-taking and physical examination of the patients. Indirect consultation time: time spent in charting, preparing treatment/prescription orders, medical, and writing referral letters.

Results The total consultation time length was significantly longer at the university hospital than that at the city hospital, both for the first consultation and the follow-up consultation. For first visits, the ratio of the indirect consultation time to the total consultation time was 49.2% at the university hospital and 24.2% at the city hospital. As for follow-up visits, the indirect/total consultation time ratio was 37.8% at the university hospital 24.2% at the city hospital.

Conclusion Assistance of a medical secretary would be desirable, especially for first consultations at the university hospital, in view of the long indirect consultation times.