bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Dexmedetomidine in anaesthesia for laparoscopic surgery for acute cholecystitis
Authors: Halushko O A , Mamchich V I , Savchuk T V , Donets V V , Chayka M O
Published: May 2021

Background. In laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LCE), general anesthesia has its own characteristics due to the creation of pneumoperitoneum, changes in body position and adsorption of insufflated gas, which causes the occurrence of perioperative complications and requires improvement of anesthesiology programs.

Objective: to determine the efficacy and safety of combined low opioid anesthesia based on dexmedetomidine in complex anesthesia in patients undergoing laparoscopic surgery for acute cholecystitis.

Materials and methods. In total, the study included 163 patients undergoing LCE under general anesthesia. All patients were divided into 3 groups according to the anesthetic care scheme. In Group 1 (n=56), low-opioid anesthesia (dexmedetomidine, lidocaine, fentanyl 1–2 μg/kg/h) and artificial ventilation were performed; Group 2 (n=52): propofol with fentanyl (4–6 μg/kg/h) and artificial ventilation. In Group 3 (n=55): anesthesia with sevoflurane in combination with fentanyl and artificial ventilation.

Results. Hyperdynamic reactions were observed in Group 2 and Group 3 at the beginning of the operation: heart rates and BP values after induction, with intubation in the 3rd, 5th and 7th minute of pneumoperitoneum, were slightly higher in Group 2 and 3 than in Group 1. However, moderate bradycardia was observed in Group 1 more often – in 5 patients (8.92%) than in patients in Group 2 and Group 3 – 2 cases (3.84%) and 2 cases (3.64%), respectively. The total number of injected analgesics during LCE was: in Group 1 – 141.52±23.64 μg, in Group 2 – 426.92±39.41 μg, in Group 3 – 354.75±28.63 μg (p <0.01). Only one patient in Group 1 required ondansetron for the treatment of PONV compared to 5 and 4 in Group 2 and Group 3, respectively (p <0.05). None of the patients in all groups reported “feeling” intraoperative events or “awakening during surgery”.

Conclusions. The use of dexmedetomidine with lidocaine infusion three times reduced the use of opioids in the intraoperative period and to refuse their use in the postoperative period. With the use of low-opioid anesthesia in the postoperative period, the frequency of hypertensive reactions and tachycardia did not increase, but in the postoperative period, these p
O naśladownictwie cech gier komputerowych w literaturze. Przypadek imersywnej fikcji Jacka Dukaja
Authors: Przytuła Piotr
Published: May 2021

Autor artykułu przedstawia przykłady tekstów literackich, w których można odnaleźć cechy gier komputerowych, takie jak poczucie zanurzenia, interaktywność czy złudzenie kontroli (sprawczości). Wśród nich najciekawiej prezentują się dzieła polskiego autora fantastyki naukowej Jacka Dukaja. Pisarz nawiązuje w swoich powieściach i opowiadaniach do gier cyfrowych poprzez imersywną konstrukcję świata przedstawionego, obrazowy i sugestywny język oraz specyficzne podejście do czytelnika, od którego pisarz wymaga ciągłej koncentracji. Opracowanie zawiera również rozważania na temat przekształceń współczesnych mediów pod wpływem gier komputerowych, które wymuszają na kinie, serialach telewizyjnych i literaturze zwrot w kierunku interaktywności.
Zwrot w stronę narracji filmowej – współczesna narracja gier wideo na przykładzie serii The Last of Us
Authors: Kossakowski Mateusz
Published: May 2021

Od czasu pojawienia się pierwszych automatów do grania w Pong (1972) gry wideo uległy ogromnej ewolucji – od mało skomplikowanych produkcji opartych na prostych mechanizmach po wysokobudżetowe i skomplikowane rozgrywki. Wraz z technicznym rozwojem gier ich twórcy zaczęli także większą wagę przywiązywać do warstwy narracyjnej, przez co, badając recepcję graczy, zaczęto używać terminu „immersja”, zaczerpniętego z nauk psychologicznych i literaturoznawczych. Narracja w grach nie jest już tą samą narracją znaną z innych, tradycyjnych mediów. Tu odbiorca, wykorzystując skonstruowaną przez twórców mechanikę danej gry i dokonując (linearnych bądź alinearnych) wyborów, tworzy de facto własną opowieść. Bez jego zaangażowania w rozgrywkę niemożliwe jest pełne poznanie danej historii. Immersyjne elementy można zauważyć w wielu grach zaprojektowanych dla jednego użytkownika (gry typu single player), które w sposobienarracji coraz bardziej przypominają konstrukcje stricte filmowe, czego przykładem jest seria gier The Last of Us stworzona przez studio Naughty Dog. Akcja serii toczy się w postapokaliptycznych Stanach Zjednoczonych. Osobowość bohaterów, dialogi, złożoność wykreowanego świata oraz pewne, opisane w tym opracowaniu zabiegi fabularne spowodowały, że seria wzbudza silne emocje. Świadczą o tym oceny krytyków – The Last of Us i jej kontynuacja były wielokrotnie nominowane do tytułu gry roku, a ich średnia ocen według GameRankings i Metacritic plasuje je w czołówce najlepiej ocenianych gier wideo w historii. W artykule autor analizuje fabułę oraz najważniejsze elementy mechaniki serii, by pokazać drogę, jaką przeszły gry wideo od początku swojego istnienia do współczesnych form narracji. Odpowiada także na pytanie, co ostatecznie spowodowało, że seria The Last of Us stała się jedną z najlepiej sprzedających się nowych marek w dziejach konsoli PlayStation.
Zarządzanie uwagą 3.0
Authors: Brzostowska Bożena
Published: May 2021

-
„Istnieją metafory bardziej rzeczywiste niż ludzie chodzący po ulicy”
Authors: Myślak Dominika Agata
Published: May 2021

-
Vólvulo de divertículo de Meckel gigante
Authors: Almada Mario , Girardi Fabrizzio , Cantileno Pablo
Published: May 2021

El divertículo de Meckel es la anomalía congénita más común del intestino delgado, presente en aproximadamente el 2 % de la población. La mayoría de los casos son asintomáticos; sin embargo, pueden producirse complicaciones potencialmente graves. En estos casos puede haber importantes dificultades en su diagnóstico, por la presentación clínica similar a otros cuadros agudos abdominales. Presentamos el caso de un hombre de 75 años que se presentó con una peritonitis difusa aguda, al cual en el intraoperatorio se le diagnosticó un divertículo de Meckel complicado con volvulación y gangrena. Se realizó tratamiento quirúrgico, con resección en cuña del divertículo.
PENGENALAN & PELATIHAN MICROSOFT OFFICE UNTUK ANAK PANTI ASUHAN PAJAR IMAM AZZAHRA PEKANBARU
Authors: Taslim  , Dafwen Toresa  , Pandu Pratama Putra
Published: May 2021

Perkembangan teknologi komputer sangat menunjang kemampuan manusia untuk bisa lebih maju dan menguasai banyak hal. Untuk itu sangat diperlukan banyak membaca, mempelajari  dan melakukan latihan terhadap pengetahuan komputer tersebut. Kemampuan yang diinginkan tidak harus didapat dari pendidikan formal, tetapi bisa melalui pendidikan non formal dalam bentuk pelatihan dengan materi yang lebih. Apalagi perkembangan teknologi komputer sangat-sangat cepat. Panti asuhan adalah lembaga sosial yang mempunyai misi sangat mulia yaitu melanjutkan hidup anak yang sudah ditinggalkan orang tuanya atau orang yang memiliki ekonomi lemah. Panti asuhan Pajar Iman Azzahra adalah panti asuhan yang bertempat di jalan garuda sakti km 3 panam yang menampung 30 orang anak yatim piatu. Panti asuhan Pajar Iman Azzahra memiliki komitmen yang sangat kuat untuk membina anak-anaknya dalam bentuk menyediakan sandang, pangan dan papan serta pendidikan, terutama pendidikan agama. Para pengurus panti asuhan Pajar Iman Azzahra juga sangat giat mencari pendanaan kemana pun dalam bentuk proposal-proposal dan minta sumbangan dari donatur untuk kelangsungan kehidupan anak-anak di panti asuhan Pajar Iman Azzahra. Untuk meningkatkan kemampuan penguasaan teknologi infomasi dan administrasi, anak panti asuhan sangat membutuhkan pengelolaan data dengan angka dan grafik menggunakan Microsoft Office yang juga bagian dari pelajaran di sekolah tidak maksimal karena hanya belajar teori saja dan juga akan dapat membantu pengelolaan data, angka dan grafik di bagian administrasi Panti Asuhan Pajar Iman Azzahra
BIOGRAFI VIDEO SCRIBE BERBASIS MULTIMEDIA DI UNIVERSITAS TERBUKA PEKANBARU
Authors: M.Kom Zamzami , Didik Siswanto  , Lasri Nijal
Published: May 2021

Pada Universitas Terbuka (UT) mahasiswa jenjang starata satu (S1) tidak mengenal yang nama nya skripsi atau laporan tugas akhir berupa penelitian mahasiswa, tetapi mahasiswa UT di tingkat Akhir hanya menempuh yang namanya Pemantapan Kemampuan Profesional (PKP) dan Tugas Akhir Program (TAP) yang output nya membuat makalah dan di paparkan secara global. Minimnya keikutsertaan para mahasiswa didalam program pelatihan untuk meningkatkan wawasan dan keterampilan terkait dengan proses pembelajaran berdampak pada rendahnya pengetahuan dan pemahaman mahasiswa UT akan banyaknya aplikasi pendukung untuk media pembelajaran salah satunya yaitu Sparkol Video Scribe. Video Scribe berbasis multimedia ini dapat menunjang mahasiswa dalam melaksanakan pembelajaran di dalam kelas. Dengan pemanfaatan dan pengembangkan teknik, strategi, metode, dan media  pembelajaran yang tepat, siswa dapat aktif berinteraksi dengan sumber belajarnya dan mampu meningkatkan kualitas mereka sebagai manusia yang terdidik. Dalam hal ini, pemanfaatan media yang menarik dan tepat guna dalam proses pembelajaran pastinya akan memiliki dampak positif yang akan sangat berpotensi meningkatkan mutu pendidikan. Para mahasiswa di kampus ini sangat membutuhkan adanya wadah dan upaya nyata bagi pengembangan kompetensi mereka khususnya dalam hal pemanfaatan dan pengembangan media pembelajaran demi memenuhi kewajiban meningkatkan hasil dari proses pembelajaran. Oleh sebab itu, diadakannya Pelatihan Pembuatan biografi Berbasis Multimedia Untuk Mahasiswa Universitas Terbuka Pekanbaru. Di mana program ini diharapkan mampu menjadi wadah dan inspirasi bagi para mahasiswa di kampus mitra untuk membuat biografi mahasiswa yang mampu menghasilkan karya yang dapat membuat output dari makalah mahasiswa menjadi lebih berwarna dan menarik
Edmondo Rossoni and Tresigallo
Authors: Brugnatti Davide , Muroni Giuseppe
Published: May 2021

In the last 30 years, the town of Tresigallo has to come to terms with the legacy of its dissonant heritage. The rediscovery of its history happened gradually. It began in 1985 with the organization of conferences that encouraged a public debate about its founder Edmondo Rossoni, a minister during the fascist era, and the buildings he commissioned in Tresigallo. The town's historical and architectural value, in that its unique identity in relationship with a denied past, had to be first recognized at a community level. Public administration's take-over has not always granted the protection of these rationalist structures: some demolitions happened even in the early 2000s. Between late 1980s and 2000s, an increasing number of architects, local historians, photographers, and artists became interested in the town’s history due to its almost wholly preserved 1930s architectural and urban features. Restoration works and raising research on rationalist architecture have pointed out that the town should be considered a cultural asset to be preserved and valued. This paper examines some urban regeneration projects undertaken by the public administration, such as the former G.I.L. (Gioventù Italiana del Littorio) being converted into a public library and Public Baths made into an exhibition space. It also investigates the touristic and cultural development of the territory through the organization of cultural events and the use of social media.
Costruire storie e raccontare produzioni
Authors: Giannichedda Enrico
Published: May 2021

Prendendo le mosse dalle recenti acquisizioni dell’archeologia cognitiva, Michele Cometa, uno specialista di storia e teoria della letteratura, affronta in un corposo volume una questione fondamentale: la relazione fra produzione di utensili (i cicli produttivi), evoluzione del linguaggio, sviluppo di capacità narrative finalizzate a raccontare ‘storie’ utili. Una questione che, a mio avviso, non può riguardare soltanto gli specialisti della preistoria antica e dei processi di ominazione, perché ha molto a che vedere, in qualsiasi contesto preindustriale e prescientifico, con la trasmissione dei saperi tecnici (e, difatti, Cometa rinvia alle opere di A. Leroi-Gourhan), l’archeologia della produzione, la capacità di leggere in un manufatto la commistione di ‘funzione’ e ‘bellezza’ (o stile).  Scopo del presente lavoro, oltre ad invitare a riflettere sulle tesi di Cometa a partire ovviamente dal libro, vi è ribadire, indipendentemente dai termini utilizzati e dalle partizioni disciplinari, l’utilità di studi archeologici in cui si fa storia della cultura materiale tenendo insieme la ricostruzione dei comportamenti (tecnici) e quella dei significati (sociali) anche grazie allo studio delle scelte ‘narrative’ adottate dagli antichi.
Psychedelic Properties of Peganum Harmala: Macrodose and Microdose Reports
Authors: Doty Michael
Published: May 2021

Peganum harmala has been used for millennia in traditional medicine and religious rites. Recent phytopharmaceutical research has given credence to its traditional uses, demonstrating a wide range of potential therapeutic uses, including its use as antidepressant and anxiolytic agent. Entheogenic at high doses, P. harmala can create profound psychedelic experiences with lasting positive effects that echo those seen in research on other psychedelics. Anecdotal evidence from online forums suggests P. harmala may be able to provide results similar to microdosing other psychedelics, though no research exists on this potential. This paper presents the first evidence of P. harmala’s effects when used in a daily microdosing protocol. KEY WORDS Peganum harmala, Syrian rue, macrodose, microdose, EEG, psychedelic, entheogen, affect, burnout, extraction.
For a Definition of Gratitude, in Order to Study its Correlation with Well-being and Self Transcendence
Authors: McMahon Sheena Necole
Published: May 2021

This paper provides a definition for gratitude and for trait gratitude. It also describes several useful measurement tools to study gratitude and states how gratitude relates to personality characteristics. In addition, current gratitude research is reviewed and future research questions are proposed. Not only is gratitude associated with well-being but also with sleep quality, dematerialization, social skills, coping skills, and spirituality. An advanced understanding of this emotion and/or affective trait could provide insight into how to live a happy, productive, and fulfilling life. KEYWORDS Gratitude, wellbeing, behavior, mindfulness, optimism.
The Archetypal and Transpersonal Dimension in Modern Narratives: Watching the Lion King as a Process of the Self Realization
Authors: Gentili Andrea
Published: May 2021

Reworked and taken from a thesis work in Transpersonal Counseling (Integral Transpersonal Institute, Milan 2020), this paper starts from archetypical and trans-personal dimension in psychology and mythology. With the eye of the integral and transpersonal vision of the Biotransenergetics discipline, we will look at the story of The Lion King illustrating the imaginative, symbolic and archetypal processes as the expression and structure of the journey of realization of the Self. In the stories of myths, ancient and contemporary, the plots and evolutionary keys of our lives are revealed. A deep heartfelt thanks to Dr. Simona Vigo, supervisor of the thesis from which I reworked this article. KEYWORDS Archetypal, Psyche, Anima, Self, realization, myth, narratives, Biotransenergetics, image, hero, lion, king.
Paradoxes Of Infinity And Foundations Of Transpersonal Psychology
Authors: Ginzburg Tatiana
Published: May 2021

Transpersonal psychology’s uniqueness comes from the point of infinity of the psyche, as the subject of the field. Jung being one of the predecessors of transpersonal psychology confirms the infinity of the psyche very clearly. But this has created another problem. What are the borders of the subject if it is infinite? And if psyche is infinite, how can we grasp it as whole? Can it be fully cognized? Or to give the opposite point of view, is it unknowable? In the search for the borders of the subject of transpersonal psychology, we are attempting to reflect on the paradoxes of infinity. As it turns out, the concept of “actual infinity” (opened by Georg Cantor in the late 19th century) allow us to create a new perspective in solving the infinity problems in psychology. The question arises that if the psyche is infinite, can the psyche be cognized? The idea of psyche being actually infinite allows us to resolve the issue of cognizability of the psyche in principle. This issue is whether a possibility exists for a person to complete the process of self-exploration. Such a solution may lay a new foundation for Transpersonal Psychology on a non-classical scientific basis. KEYWORDS Infinity, transpersonal psychology, self-exploration, enlightenment, perfection, unknowability, knowability,cognizability
Wu Wei: The Way Of Effortless Effort
Authors: TONG BENJAMIN R.
Published: May 2021

Central to Taoism is wu wei, a continually misunderstood concept. It is less the passivity of “non-action” and more the “effortless effort” of action that is a delicate balance of both involvement and non-attachment. In addition to Nature and everyday human life, illustrative case material can be found in Taoist as well as psychoanalytic and other writings. KEYWORDS: Wu wei, effortless effort, “non-action,” Taoism, Tao Te Ching, involvement, non-attachment, readiness, psychoanalysis
The Therapeutic Effect of Biotransenergetics (BTE) Explored In A Clinical Study Using Heuristic Methodology
Authors: Calabrese Giovanna
Published: May 2021

In Biotransenergetics (BTE), a transpersonal psychotherapy model developed in the 1980s by Lattuada, the uniqueness of self-experience is pivotal. During the psychotherapy session the psychotherapist favors the creation of the Transe, a field, using mindfulness techniques; the psychotherapist and the patient “indwell” together in this experience at a multilevel dimension (physical, emotional, energetic, mental and spiritual) to allow the psychotherapeutic process to happen. The present study was carried out to describe the psychotherapist and the patient lived experience of the Transe. The aim was to describe how this process actually works to the therapeutic effect and could relate to self-development. KEYWORDS Psychotherapy, clinical study, heuristic method, Biotransenergetics
PENGARUH PROMOSI TERHADAP KEPUTUSAN PEMBELIAN PADA PT. BOGA SEJAHTERA DI CIKARANG
Authors: Kurniasih Dedeh
Published: May 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh ekuitas merek terhadap keputusan pembelian pada PT. Surya Motor di Cikupa. Metode yang digunakan adalah explanatory research dengan sampel sebanyak 96 responden. Teknik analisis menggunakan analisis statistik dengan pengujian regresi, korelasi, determinasi dan uji hipotesis. Hasil penelitian ini variabel ekuitas merek diperoleh nilai rata-rata skor sebesar 3,410 dengan kriteria baik. Variabel keputusan pembelian diperoleh nilai rata-rata skor sebesar 3,815 dengan kriteria baik. Ekuitas merek berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap keputusan pembelian dengan nilai persamaan regresi Y = 9,123 + 0,851X, dan nilai koefisien korelasi 0,756 atau memiliki tingkat hubungan yang kuat dengan nilai determinasi 57,2%. Uji  hipotesis diperoleh signifikansi 0,000 < 0,05.
PENGARUH PELATIHAN TERHADAP PRODUKTIVITAS KARYAWAN PADA PT. JAYA REKA MAKMUR CABANG CILEGON BANTEN
Authors: Iswadi Udi
Published: May 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh pelatihan terhadap produktivitas karyawan pada PT. Jaya Reka Makmur Cabang Cilegon Banten. Metode yang digunakan adalah explanatory research dengan sampel sebanyak 95 responden. Teknik analisis menggunakan analisis statistik dengan pengujian regresi, korelasi, determinasi dan uji hipotesis. Hasil penelitian ini variabel pelatihan diperoleh nilai rata-rata skor sebesar 3,447 dengan kriteria baik. Variabel produktivitas karyawan diperoleh nilai rata-rata skor sebesar 3,846 dengan kriteria baik. Pelatihan berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap produktivitas karyawan dengan nilai persamaan regresi Y = 9,259 + 0,855X, dan nilai koefisien korelasi 0,775 atau memiliki tingkat hubungan yang kuat dengan nilai determinasi 60,1%. Uji  hipotesis diperoleh signifikansi 0,000 < 0,05.
PENGARUH PENGEMBANGAN KARIR DAN PELATIHAN KERJA TERHADAP KINERJA PEGAWAI PADA DINAS PERHUBUNGAN KOTA SERANG
Authors: Kahpi Heri Sapari , Affandi Azhar , Sunarsi Denok , Mujahidin Mujahidin , Asdiani Diah
Published: May 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh pengembangan karir dan pelatihan kerja terhadap kinerja pegawai pada Dinas Perhubungan Kota Serang. Metode yang digunakan adalah explanatory research dengan teknik analisis menggunakan analisis statistik dengan pengujian regresi, korelasi, determinasi dan uji hipotesis. Hasil penelitian ini pengembangan karir berpengaruh signifikan terhadap kinerja pegawai sebesar 47,9%, uji hipotesis diperoleh t hitung > t tabel atau (7,902 > 1,995). Pelatihan kerja berpengaruh signifikan terhadap kinerja pegawai sebesar 48,3%, uji  hipotesis diperoleh t hitung > t tabel atau (7,973 > 1,995). Pengembangan karir dan pelatihan kerja secara simultan berpengaruh signifikan terhadap kinerja pegawai dengan persamaan regresi Y = 6,909 + 0,396X1 + 0,449X2. Kontribusi pengaruh sebesar 65,2%, uji hipotesis diperoleh F hitung > F tabel atau (62,758 > 2,740).
Translation, Cultural Adaptation, and Psychometric Evaluation of the Persian Version of Foot Health Status Questionnaire
Authors:   Student Research Committee, Department of Orthotics and Prosthetics, School of Rehabilitation Sciences, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran., Bidari Shahrbanoo , Jalali Maryam ,   Department of Orthotics and Prosthetics, School of Rehabilitation Sciences, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran., Kamali Mohammad ,   Rehabilitation Research Center, Department of Rehabilitation Management, School of Rehabilitation Sciences, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran., Bagheripour Batoul ,   Department of Orthotics and Prosthetics, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Published: May 2021

Objectives: Foot disorders, especially pain and deformities, are common patient complaints. Foot Health Status Questionnaire (FHSQ) was developed to assess general and foot health specifically in chronic foot disorders. The purpose of the current study was the cross-cultural adaptation of the FHSQ to Persian and evaluating the psychometric properties of the translated version. Methods: As per the International Quality of Life Assessment guideline, the forward and backward translations of the questionnaire were conducted by two independent translators. Accordingly, the final version was approved by a committee and confirmed by the developer. The psychometric properties of the Persian version of the FHSQ were tested in 101 participants (Mean±SD age: 42.98±15.03 y) with chronic foot disorders. Face validity by impact score calculation; criterion validity through correlation to the Manchester-Oxford Foot Questionnaire (MOXFQ) scores; internal consistency by Cronbach’s alpha coefficient, and test-retest reliability by calculating intra-class correlation were tested to describe the psychometric features of its Persian version. Results: Face validity was confirmed by impact scores of >1.5 for all items. The FHSQ was significantly correlated with the MOXFQ domains, supporting the criterion validity of the instrument, except for the shoe domain of the Persian FHSQ, i.e., not correlated with the pain domain of the MOXFQ (r=0.26). Cronbach’s alpha coefficients for pain, function, shoe, and general foot health were measured as 0.93, 0.92, 0.90, and 0.96 respectively. Thus, it suggested an excellent internal consistency for all domains. The intra-class correlation coefficient ranged from 0.73 to 0.93 for all domains, reflecting its good to excellent reliability. Discussion: The Persian version of the FHSQ is a valid and reliable patient satisfaction measurement instrument for evaluating foot conditions. Moreover, the current study results supported the potential of applying it as an appropriate instrument in research and clinical setting. Implementing this tool could help to evaluate the effects of an intervention or estimate the prevalence of a disorder in Persian-speaking populations
The Lee Silverman Voice Treatment Improves Vocal Loudness in Early Persian-speaking Patients With Parkinson’s Disease
Authors:   Department of Speech and Language Pathology, School of Rehabilitation Sciences, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran., Amiri Shavaki Younes , Saffarian Arezoo ,   Movement Disorders Clinic, Hazrat Rasool Hospital, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran., Shahidi Gholam Ali ,   Movement Disorders Clinic, Hazrat Rasool Hospital, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran., Keyhani Mohammad Reza ,   Department of Basic Sciences, School of Rehabilitation Sciences, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Published: May 2021

Objectives: In the early stages, most Parkinson’s patients display some degrees of voice and speech disorders. Speech disorders can negatively affect individuals’ social interactions and life; thus, treatment plans for the disorders in the early stages might be further beneficial than the late stages. Therefore, we aimed to investigate the effects of an intervention on Persian-speaking patients with early mild Parkinson’s Disease (PD). The intervention was the Lee Silverman Voice Treatment (LSVT). Methods: This was an interventional study and included 23 patients with PD. The study participants were randomly assigned into one of two groups; 13 patients in the intervention group (PD-I), and 10 in No-Intervention (PD-NI) group. Normal Persons (NP) or the control group included 13 healthy participants who were neurologically normal and presented no speech and voice disorders. Besides, they were matched with the PD-I group concerning education, age, gender. Results: There was a significant impairment in Maximum Phonation Time (MPT), vocal loudness in vowel /a/, in reading, and during a monologue speech in the PD group, compared with the NP group (P≤0.001). The LSVT resulted in a significant improvement in all measures in the PD-I group (P≤0.001); however, no significant change was observed between the PD-I and PD-NI groups’ scores in first assessment (P≥0.201). In contrast, the PD-NI group’s results in all measurements of final assessment were significantly lower than those in the PD-I (P≤0.001) and NP (P≤0.001) groups. The MPT also exhibited a considerable improvement in the PD-I group, compared with the controls. Discussion: The LSVT, as a therapeutic technique based on the motor learning theory was beneficial in improving the vocal loudness of Persian-speaking patients with PD in the early stages of their disease.
Electromyography-based Fatigue Assessment During Endurance Testing by Different Vibration Training Protocols
Authors:   Department of Mechanical Engineering, Vivekananda Global University, Jaipur, Rajasthan, India., Mukhtar Alam Mohd , Ali Khan Abid ,   Ergonomics Research Division, Department of Mechanical Engineering, ZHCET, Faculty of Engineering & Technology, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, Uttar Pradesh, India.
Published: May 2021

Objectives: This study presents a method of assessing muscle fatigue during endurance testing at 50% maximal voluntary contraction (MVC) using electromyography (EMG) information as indirect indices of fatigability in the forearm muscles, namely, flexor digitorum superficialis (FDS); flexor carpi ulnaris (FCU); extensor carpi ulnaris (ECU) and extensor carpi radialis brevis (ECRB)." This study presents a method of assessing muscle fatigue during endurance testing at 50% maximal voluntary contraction (MVC) using electromyography (EMG) information as indirect indices of fatigability in the forearm muscles, namely, flexor digitorum superficialis (FDS); flexor carpi ulnaris (FCU); extensor carpi ulnaris (ECU) and extensor carpi radialis brevis (ECRB). Methods: A randomized comparative experimental design was used during endurance test with 8 VT protocols; based on different combinations of vibration frequency (35 & 45 Hz), amplitude (3±0.5g & 9±0.5g), and exposure duration (30 & 60 seconds), i.e., were given to the study participants for 4 days. A random sampling of participants was conducted from two groups (n=56/group), as follows: individuals with a Sedentary Lifestyle (SL) and a group of Construction Workers (CW). Results: Multivariate Analysis of Variance (MANOVA) results indicated a significant increase in EMG rms, median frequency, waveform length, mean absolute value (P<0.001), and the variance of EMG signal (P<0.05) (except in ECU for the SL group and ECRB for the CW group on the variance of EMG signal) after VT in all muscles of both research groups. Therefore, an increase in the EMG parameter value after a grip endurance task revealing an elevation in EMG signal amplitude is indicative of muscle fiber fatigue. Furthermore, the strongest correlation was found between grip endurance and WL (r=0.471, P<0.001), and EMG rms (r=0.401, P<0.001) of the ECU muscle in the SL group only. Discussion: The patterns of EMG signal represented the amplitude and spectral parameters of the signal, enabling real-time fatigue analysis. Additionally, surface EMG information is useful for indirectly evaluating performance fatigue during the endurance test.
Avantages et inconvénients de l’adhésion du Brésil à l’Organisation de coopération et de développement économiques – OCDE
Authors: Cordeiro Luciana Machado , Campina Ana Cláudia Carvalho
Published: May 2021

Les travaux de recherche, qui sont proposés ici, ont la possibilité de mettre en discussion les avantages et les inconvénients découlant du soutien du Brésil à l’OCDE. C’est une Organisation internationale qui, par l’intermédiaire de ses membres et de ses pays membres, promeut des politiques visant le développement et le bien-être des populations. L’étude commencera par une brève histoire sur la création de l’Organisation, soulignant ses origines, ses objectifs et ses instruments, en plus de caractériser ce que signifie être membre de l’Organisation. La méthodologie utilisée sera bibliographique, basée sur la doctrine basée sur le thème. En conclusion, il abordera l’importance de la gouvernance mondiale, afin de discuter des principaux résultats de l’étude sur le processus d’admission du Brésil, ainsi que des avantages et des inconvénients du soutien du Brésil à l’Organisation.
Vantaggi e svantaggi dell’adesione del Brasile all’Organizzazione per la cooperazione e lo sviluppo economico – OCSE
Authors: Cordeiro Luciana Machado , Campina Ana Cláudia Carvalho
Published: May 2021

Il lavoro di ricerca, qui proposto, ha la possibilità di portare alla discussione i vantaggi e gli svantaggi derivanti dal sostegno del Brasile all’OCSE. È un’Organizzazione Internazionale che attraverso i suoi membri e paesi membri promuove politiche volte allo sviluppo e al benessere delle persone. Lo studio inizierà con una breve storia sulla creazione dell’Organizzazione, sottolineandone le origini, gli obiettivi e gli strumenti, oltre a caratterizzare ciò che significa essere membri dell’Organizzazione. La metodologia utilizzata sarà bibliografica, basata sulla dottrina basata sul tema. In conclusione, affronterà l’importanza della governance globale, al fine di discutere i principali risultati dello studio sul processo di ammissione del Brasile, nonché i vantaggi e gli svantaggi del sostegno del Brasile all’Organizzazione.
Editorial
Authors: Rocha Saulo Barroso
Published: May 2021

Apresentação do primeiro número da Cadernos de Gestão e Empreendedorismo.
To Evince Atmospheres
Authors: Pathak Pritish J.
Published: May 2021

Though architecture is rooted in the physicality of built form, it transcends into the realms of the intangible, ephemeral and perceptive. In architecture, these immaterial characteristics imbued within a place are more accurately described as its ‘atmosphere.’ Despite the wealth of literature regarding the relevance of atmosphere as an architectural concept, in practice it has been deliberately reduced to a condition of constant neutrality. Atmosphere has here been defined as the character of place, encompassing a set of variables, distinguishing it from that of any other location. The atmosphere of a place emerges as the totality of these variables. This definition further suggests the presence of an atmosphere preceding the existence of built-form. Therefore, this thesis proposes that the spatial atmosphere of architecture should be defined by its engagement with these contextual variables, rather than through the fabrication of an artificial atmosphere, by redefining the boundary as a gradient threshold.
Resource allocation strategies in cognitive radio D2D communication networks
Authors: Sultana Ajmery
Published: May 2021

Device-to-device (D2D) communication is developed as a new paradigm to enhance net-
work performance according to LTE and WiMAX advanced standards. On the other hand,
cognitive radio (CR) approach provides efficient spectral usage using intelligent wireless
nodes. In this thesis, a number of optimal resource allocation strategies for D2D communi-
cation networks are investigated using the CR approach.

As a first step, the CR approach in radio access networks is introduced. In the second
step, the taxonomy of the RA process in CRNs is provided. For radio resource allocation
(RRA), the most crucial task is to associate a user with a particular serving base station, to
assign the channel and to allocate the power efficiently. In this thesis, a subcarrier assignment
scheme and a power allocation algorithm using geometric water-filling (GWF) is presented
for orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) based CRNs. This algorithm is
proved to maximize the sum rate of secondary users by allocating power more efficiently.
Then, the RA problem is studied to jointly employ CR technology and D2D communication
in cellular networks in terms of spectral efficiency (SE) and energy efficiency (EE). In the
first case, in terms of SE, a two-stage approach is considered to allocate the radio resource
efficiently where a new adaptive subcarrier allocation (ASA) scheme is designed first and
then a novel power allocation (PA) scheme is developed utilizing proven GWF approach
that can compute exact solution with less computation. In the second case, in terms of EE,
the power allocation problem of cellular networks that co-exist with D2D communication
considering both underlay and overlay CR approaches are investigated. A proven power
allocation algorithm based on GWF approach is utilized to solve the EE maximization
problem which results in an “exact" and “low complexity" solution.
Failing to make the grade: Somali-Canadian students and their encounters with the Canadian education system
Authors: Mohamed Subeyda
Published: May 2021

This study examines how the discriminatory practices and racism in the education system contribute to the low achievement and high dropout rate of Somali-Canadian youth. Through qualitative research, semi-structured interviews with nine participants--this study explores the educational experiences of Somali students in the Toronto District School Board (the TDSB). This study found Somali students experience systemic discrimination in local TDSB schools--unfair grading practices, ethnic grading, differential treatment, deliberate streaming, stereotyping, profiling, the unequal application of discipline policies, disproportionate rates of suspensions and lack of religious accommodation. This study also found that systemic discrimination contributes to low achievement of Somali students, their disengagement from learning process, early school departure, and the criminalization of Somali boys. This study employs Critical Race Theory (CRT) in education as its main theoretical framework, through this lens the researcher links the schooling problems of Somali students to systemic discrimination based on their race and/or ethnicity.
Variation and Validity of Body Dissatisfaction Visual Analogue Scales
Authors: Dahoah-Halevi Lilach Dahoah
Published: May 2021

When measuring state body dissatisfaction, it is common for researchers to use idiosyncratic versions of the Body Dissatisfaction – Visual Analogue Scales (BD-VASs). However, the BDVAS variants vary in their scale and psychometric properties and impede comparability of results across studies. This thesis aims to review all available BD-VAS variants and their psychometric properties (Study 1), and empirically study the effects of scale modifications on BD-VASs’ validity and reliability (Study 2). Study 1 revealed a total of 61 BD-VAS variants. Many of these variants were modified for a single study (77%) and had no supporting reliability and validity evidence (39%). In Study 2, 413 female undergraduate students completed one of six BD-VAS versions varying in extremity and scale polarity. Contrary to predictions, the BDVAS variants had comparable score distributions, reliability, and validity evidence. While there is unnecessary variability across BD-VASs, such modifications may not greatly impact responses or study results.
Variation And Validity Of Body Dissatisfaction Visual Analogue Scales
Authors: Dahoah-Halevi Lilach Dahoah
Published: May 2021

When measuring state body dissatisfaction, it is common for researchers to use idiosyncratic versions of the Body Dissatisfaction – Visual Analogue Scales (BD-VASs). However, the BDVAS variants vary in their scale and psychometric properties and impede comparability of results across studies. This thesis aims to review all available BD-VAS variants and their psychometric properties (Study 1), and empirically study the effects of scale modifications on BD-VASs’ validity and reliability (Study 2). Study 1 revealed a total of 61 BD-VAS variants. Many of these variants were modified for a single study (77%) and had no supporting reliability and validity evidence (39%). In Study 2, 413 female undergraduate students completed one of six BD-VAS versions varying in extremity and scale polarity. Contrary to predictions, the BDVAS variants had comparable score distributions, reliability, and validity evidence. While there is unnecessary variability across BD-VASs, such modifications may not greatly impact responses or study results.
Reframing The Individual Stress Response
Authors: Liu Jenny
Published: May 2021

Our society is preoccupied with stress. Previous research demonstrates that the majority of the sampled population perceives the consequences of stress to be primarily negative. By reframing the consequences of stress to highlight both positive and negative effects of stress, individuals may experience more efficient and adaptive stress responses (Liu et al., 2017). The extent to which we can reframe the consequences of stress to elicit more adaptive responses thus merits further investigation. This dissertation investigated the effects of reframing (positive, negative, balanced, and control) on stress responsivity, while also priming individuals on personal strengths (resilient strengths or non-resilient/control strength) to further enhance coping. Through two studies, the current dissertation examined whether different information presented on the consequences of stress via reframing contributes to improved responsivity to stressors, and whether priming an individual to believe in select strengths further enhances receptivity to reframing and reactivity to stressors. Outcome measures included both objective, physiological indexes of stress (heart rate, blood pressure, and electrodermal activity), test performance on stressor-task, and subjective ratings of stress (self-report responses via visual analogue scales). Mixed-ANOVA, linear regression, and exploratory hierarchical modelling were used to analyze the data. Results via visual analogue scales support the efficacy of balanced reframing in reducing self-reported stress, and provide some evidence for its efficacy across physiological parameters of stress via electrodermal activity. Across measures, results provide little support for the efficacy of strength priming in eliciting more adaptive responsivity to stressors. However, balanced framing and resilient strength priming may interact to reduce perceptions of stress as threatening and uncontrollable. Taken together, findings across two studies suggest that reframing stress by presenting both positive and negative information on the outcomes of stress may be an important step in the education of stress to better manage everyday stressors. Further, efforts to personalize this intervention approach by tailoring it to individual may be an area worthy of future research.

Key Words: Beliefs; Coping; Personal Strengths; Reframing; Responsivity; Stress
LIDAR-based surface following control for unmanned aerial vehicles
Authors: Simms Devin
Published: May 2021

A simulation study is performed on a quadcopter which uses a LIDAR sensor to allow a quadcopter to navigate along and maintain a set distance from an unknown vertical surface. The dynamic equations of a quadcopter are linearized about the hovering equilibrium. For the purpose of design, all surfaces are assumed to be flat and any variations in shape are considered to be disturbances.

The design process begins with the development of a potential field control design to allow the quadcopter to autonomously follow a flat surface, while maintaining a desired distance from the surface. To allow the quadcopter to follow a curved surface, the potential field technique is modified to maintain the xb axis parallel to the surface. Finally a wall following technique that directly uses the minimum range measurement to maintain the distance from the surface is developed.

To simulate the control designs, a non-linear quadcopter model is used along with a model of a 2D scanning LIDAR sensor. The potential field control technique tracks flat surfaces with no steadystate error, though when curved surface following is added, a tracking error problem occurs due to measurement noise. The wall following design proves to be the superior surface following technique with greater robustness to steady-state error and results in relatively small tracking errors when navigating sinusoidal surfaces and corners.
Heat transfer to a moving wire immersed in a gas fluidized bed furnace
Authors: Mazumder Shanta
Published: May 2021

The gasified fluidized bed has been looked at as a safer replacement for heat treatment of carbon steel wire traditionally heat treated using molten lead baths. Most of the research has been conducted on heat transfer to larger diameter boiler tubes immersed in gas fluidized beds used by the power generation industry. However, there has been a lack of research on small diameter cylinders and longitudinally moving wire in heat treating systems. In 2015, Tannas developed a correlation that confirmed that the correlation previously developed for static wire under-predicts the heat transfer rate at higher wire speeds. In addition, this earlier correlation did not account for varying fluidization rates and only assumed that Nu was independent of fluidization rate for Ug/Umf > 2.5. So, the work reported here is intended to develop a new correlation that accounts for both wire motion and fluidizing rate in fluidized bed.
Finding a Digital Solution to Help Improve Donor Lifetime Value and Retention in the Nonprofit Industry
Authors: Wise Sean
Published: May 2021

It is commonly understood that attracting a new donor is costlier than investing in an existing relationship. Yet, for the past 12 years the nonprofit industry has relied mostly on new donors while losing more than half of their existing donor base every year. This is an increasingly concerning trend within the nonprofit industry. With the donor base in Canada continuing to age and shrink, nonprofits are facing the need to reach and retain a new group of donors largely unhappy with the way they are being engaged, or not engaged, by nonprofit organizations. Using the Lean Startup methodology, in combination with Customer Discovery research techniques, this project uncovers the common challenges and barriers preventing organizations from improving retention of donors, and arrives at a solution to help address some of these common challenges and barriers.
Breaking down barriers: challenges in providing legal services for immigrant women who have experienced intimate partner violence
Authors: Gudivada Mounica
Published: May 2021

Violence against immigrant women is a prevalent and serious violation of human rights and gender equality that is often dismissed. This paper seeks to firstly challenge the role of Canada in preventing and addressing violence against immigrant women through its ratification of various legal instruments and secondly, understand the challenges experienced by legal service providers in providing accessible legal services for immigrant women who have experience violence. Through an intersectional feminist analysis of interviews with three legal service providers and four Ontario cases, it is evident that immigrant women and legal service providers experience challenges as a result of language barriers, financial barriers, cultural differences, role of motherhood and precarious legal status. Therefore, this paper recommends constitutional courts and all individuals to aid in the creation of norms and movements that transcend national boundaries to recognize the violations experienced by women all across the world.
Persuasive Technology : An Alternative Aid for Children with Selective Mutism Through Collaborative Healthware
Authors: Gonzalez Nuria
Published: May 2021

This major research paper investigates the understanding of the role of persuasive technology in the implementation of alternative digital platforms to support mental health treatments in children; specifically those related to selective mutism. It analyzes the effectiveness in the behavioural change by integrating trigger functions into a wearable device. At the same time, this paper illustrates how this technology can help caregivers manage treatments using collaborative healthware.
Mixing Assessment of Non-Cohesive Mono-disperse and Bi-disperse Particles in a Paddle Mixer – Experiments and Discrete Element Method (DEM) Application
Authors: Yaraghi Amirsalar
Published: May 2021

The objective of this study was to assess the mixing performance of a horizontal paddle blender for mono-disperse and bi-disperse particles. The assessment was performed through the application of the Discrete Element Method (DEM) simulations, experiments, and Analysis of Variance (ANOVA). EDEM 2.7 commercial software was utilized for the mono-disperse simulations while LIGGGHTS(R)-PUBLIC 3.3.1, an open source software, was used for the bi-disperse simulations. DEM models were validated with experimental data. Simulations were performed to explore the effect of impeller rotational speed, vessel fill level, particle number composition, and particle loading arrangement on mixing quality defined by the Relative Standard Deviation (RSD) index. The flow pattern and mixing mechanisms were examined through granular temperature, particle diffusivity, and Peclet number. The impeller rotational speed was the most influential parameter on the mixing performance of mono-disperse particles. The particle number composition was the dominating parameter on the mixing quality of bi-disperse particles