bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Antibacterial Activity of Benzyl Benzoate and Crotepoxide from Kaempferia rotunda L. Rhizome
Authors: Diastuti Hartiwi , Chasani Mochammad , Suwandri Suwandri
Published: December 2019

Benzyl benzoate and crotepoxide are the major components of Kaempferia rotunda L. rhizome. However, the bioactivity study of benzyl benzoate and crotepoxide as the antibacterial activity were still limited. Therefore, the antibacterial activity of benzyl benzoate and crotepoxide against four pathogenic bacteria, i.e., Escherichia coli ATCC 25922, Enterococcus aerogenes ATCC 13048, Bacillus cereus ATCC 6538 and Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 11778 were investigated. The isolation steps were include the extraction by maceration with acetone, then the acetone extract was partitioned with n-hexane:methanol (1:1) and ethyl acetate:water (1:1) respectively. The isolation by liquid vacuum chromatography followed by column chromatography was obtained benzyl benzoate from the n-hexane fraction and crotepoxide from ethyl acetate fraction. The molecular structure of isolated compounds was identified based on NMR (1D and 2D) spectroscopic data. The antibacterial activity assay of isolated compounds was carried out using the disc diffusion method. The antibacterial evaluation confirms that the benzyl benzoate and crotepoxide exhibits a medium level activity. Benzyl benzoate showed highest antibacterial activity against B. cereus at the MIC of 50 μg/mL and inhibitory zone of 5.9 mm, while the crotepoxide showed highest antibacterial activity against E. aerogenes at the MIC of 100 μg/mL with inhibitory zone 6.1 mm.
New Access to Pyrano[2,3-c]pyrazole-3-carboxylates via Domino Four-Component Reaction and Their Antimicrobial Activity
Authors: Maarop Muhammad Siddiq , Abdul Rashid Fatin Nur Ain , Mohammat Mohd Fazli , Shaameri Zurina , Johari Saiful Azmi , Isa Mazurah Mohamed , Low Anis Low Muhammad
Published: December 2019

A library of some novel classes of pyrano[2,3-c]pyrazole-3-carboxylates was synthesized by employing uncatalyzed domino four-component reaction using diethyloxaloacetate, hydrazine hydrate, aldehydes and malononitrile in refluxing of ethanol-acetic acid solvent systems. Series of domino reactions involving of pyrazolone formation, Michael addition, and Thorpe-Ziegler cyclization reaction managed to produce the cyclized products from moderate to excellent yield. This protocol provides a reliable, general and salient procedure for the title compound using a one-pot approach. Preliminary biological screening unveiled limited potentials of this class of compounds for antimicrobial lead compound due to its limited solubility properties.
Thermal Process of Castor and Plant Based Oil
Authors: Ahmad Mohammad Haniff , Ibrahim Wan Asma , Sazali Jahirah , Izhab Izirwan , Hassan Zulkafli
Published: December 2019

Castor oil is an oil derived from castor seed from a plant Ricinus communis. The versatility of castor oil is highly attributed by 12-hydroxy-9-octadecenoic acid (ricinoleic acid) and its functional group. It is an oil that cannot be consumed by a human. However, castor oil actually can be used to produce many valuable products such as chemicals, paint, and cosmetics due to its unique characteristic which contains a high percentage of ricinoleic acid that helps in producing many valuable products. The utilization of vegetable oils is currently in the highlight of the chemical industry, as they are one of the most important renewable resources due to their universal availability, inherent biodegradability, low price, and eco-friendly. Therefore, the main aim of this paper is to focus on the thermal cracking of castor oil with Zeolite ZSM-5 as the catalyst generates products consisting alcohol, methyl esters and fatty acids which are valuable raw materials for industries. The background, characteristics, composition, properties and industrial application of castor oil have also been discussed. The important properties and various applications of castor oil which can be obtained from toxic seeds have much greater potential than other available vegetable oils.
Facile Synthesis, Characterization and in vitro Antibacterial Efficacy of Functionalized 2-Substituted Benzimidazole Motifs
Authors: Ajani Olayinka Oyewale , Joseph Olaoluwasubomi Eneyeme , Iyaye King Tamunodikibugerere , October Natasha , Aderohunmu Damilola Victoria , Olorunshola Shade John , Audu Oluwatosin Yemisi
Published: December 2019

A series of functionalized 2-substituted benzimidazole motifs was designed and successfully synthesized via thermal cyclization of 1,2-diaminobenzene on COOH end of L- leucine to achieve benzimidazole derivatives 6 as the essential precursor. The coupling of the precursor 6 with benzaldehyde derivatives a-h, ketone series i-k, and aryl sulfonyl chlorides l-n led to the formation of the targeted 2-substituted benzimidazole motifs 7a-n in improved yields. The targeted benzimidazole motifs were structurally authenticated through their spectral data and microanalytical parameters. The targeted final moieties were investigated for potential antimicrobial activity using the agar diffusion method with gentamicin as the clinical standard. All the compounds had a broad spectrum of activity with compound 7k having the highest remarkable activity with MIC of 0.98 ± 0.02 µg/mL and MBC value of 3.91 ± 0.10 µg/mL. These findings suggest that compound 7k containing camphor might be a good candidate for the design of new antimicrobial small-molecule drugs.
Synthesis, Structural and Optical Characterization of Titanium Dioxide Doped by (Ce, Yb) Dedicated to Photonic Conversion
Authors: El Afia Zobair , Messous Mohamed Youssef , Cherkaoui Mohamed , Tahri Mounia
Published: December 2019

The synthesis of TiO2 co-doped by (Ce, Yb) rare earth couple has been realized. This couple of rare earth can convert a high-energy photon to two low energy photons to enhance the energy efficiency of silicon solar cells. The undoped, 2% Ce doped- and (2% Ce, 4% Yb) Codoped- Titanium oxide were prepared by the co-precipitation method. The Infrared spectroscopy FTIR-ATR analysis indicates a continuous visible absorption in the 750–400 cm–1 region, confirming the formation of a titanium-oxygen bond. The X-Ray Diffraction characterization showed the dominance of the rutile crystalline phase with the presence of anatase one and the calculated crystallite size is between 7 to 13 nm. The X-Ray Fluorescence confirms the insertion of the dopants while the Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry ICP-MS showed the ratio 2 between Ce and Yb concentration. The thermogravimetric analysis indicated that Ce/Yb doped titanium was thermally stable. The absorption in the UV-visible (200 and 1000 nm) has been improved proportionally with the dopants.
Overexpression of Lipase Gene from Alcaligenes sp. JG3 and its Activity toward Hydrolysis Reaction
Authors: Haryono Norman Yoshi , Haryadi Winarto , Raharjo Tri Joko
Published: December 2019

Bacterial lipase holds an important role as a new source for many industrial catalysts. The investigation and understanding of the lipase-encoding gene become apparent as the key step for generating high-quality lipase as biocatalyst for many chemical reactions. In this study, bacterial lipase from Alcaligenes sp. JG3 was produced via overexpression gene method. This specific lipase was successfully overexpressed using pQE-30 vector and E. coli M15[pREP4] as host, producing His-tagged protein sized 46 kDa and was able to hydrolyze triacylglycerol from olive oil with the calculated unit activity and specific activity of 0.012 U and 1.175 U/mg respectively. The in silico investigation towards lipase JG3 revealed that it was categorized as ABC transporter protein as opposed to the conventional hydrolase family. Lastly, amino acid sequences SGSGKTT from lipase JG3 was highly conserved sequences and was predicted as the ATP-binding site but the catalytic triad of serine, histidine, and aspartate has not been solved yet.
Shelf Life of Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) Dumplings with addition of Bagasse Liquid Smoke during Storage at Chilling Temperature (±5°C)
Authors: Handayani Eka , Swastawati Fronthea , Rianingsih Laras
Published: December 2019

Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) can be used to process fish dumplings. Tilapia dumplings are susceptible to microbiological quality deterioration so that the shelf life is low. The liquid smoke of bagasse contains phenol, acid, and carbonyl that can be used as natural preservatives to extend the shelf life of fish dumplings. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of adding bagasse liquid smoke to the quality and shelf life of tilapia dumplings by treating the concentration of liquid smoke stored in chilling temperatures (±5°C). The material used tilapia and bagasse liquid smoke. The experimental method used split-plot in time 2 factors, differences concentration of liquid smoke (0% and 2.5%) and storage time (0, 5, 10, 15, 20 days) with 3 repetitions. The testing parameters of fish dumplings are a sensory test, total phenol, TPC, TVBN, and pH. Non-parametric data were analyzed using Kruskal-Wallis and Mann-Whitney for further test. Parametric data were analyzed using ANOVA and BNJ for further test. The result shows that tilapia dumplings without the addition of liquid smoke rejected on the 10th day with a sensory value 5.63±0.47; total phenol 102.04±0.00; TPC 5.2×104±0.01CFU/g; and pH 7.42±0.08 while according TVBN value rejected on the 5th day with 15.13±0.64 mg/100g. Tilapia dumplings with addition of 2,5% liquid smoke rejected on the 15th day with an sensory value 5.87±0.45; total phenol 116.85±0.01; TPC 5.4×104±0.01CFU/g; TVBN 18.82±0.84 mg/100g and pH 7.33±0.10. Bagasse liquid smoke can increase the shelf life of tilapia dumplings up to 10 days during chilling storage.
An Integrated Supply Chain Management Based Nila Nirwarna (Oreochromis niloticus) Seed Market Institution
Authors: Nurhayati Atikah , Yustiati Ayi , Herawati Titin
Published: December 2019

West Java Province is one of the potential areas of freshwater fisheries resources development in Purwakarta District. The utilization of development resources is directed to achieve comparative advantage and competitive advantage as an effort to encourage the growth of regional economy. Purwakarta is one area that has the potential of the aquaculture potential to be developed. One type of aquaculture that has a high economic potential such as tilapia nirwarna fish (Oreochromis niloticus), but in the institutional aspects of marketing there are still constraints from producers to consumers. This research aims to analyze marketing institutional of Nila seed (Oreochromis niloticus) through Integrated Supply Chain Management approach. The type of data used in this research is primary and secondary data. The analytical tool used marketing channels and supply chain risk by testing the validity and reliability of data. The technique of taking respondents using snowball sampling with the number of respondents 30 consisting of suppliers of nirwarna tilapia fish breeders to nirwarna tilapia seed cultivators. Based on the results of the research concluded that the analysis of tilapia supply chain risk has a value of 1.0 means it has a high risk. Based on the research results of the aquaculture business in Purwakarta is divided into two types of business, namely the enlargement effort and fish hatchery business. The marketing institutional of tilapia nirwarna seeds through Integrated Supply Chain Management approach in Purwakarta district through hilirization of tilapia fishery through the stage of input production supply and downstream of tilapia fishery fishery through fish farm institution through production and distribution output stage.
Microplastic Abundances in the Sediment of Coastal Beaches in Badung, Bali
Authors: Mauludy Maghfira Shafazamilla , Yunanto Agung , Yona Defri
Published: December 2019

The use of plastic material has increased significantly because of its durability and resistance from degradation. Plastic wastes could degrade into smaller size known as microplastics. The purposes of this study are to analyze and to compare total abundance of microplastic among coastal beaches in Badung, Bali. This study was conducted at five different coastal beaches which are Doublesix Beach, Kuta Beach, Melasti Beach, Mengiat Beach, and Tanjung Benoa Beach. Microplastic abundance was found in the average of 90.7±59.1 particles kg-1. There are three types of microplastic found in this study; film, fiber, and fragment and the abundances were varied among beaches. Fiber dominated all the study areas in the average of 42.8±24.1 particle kg-1. Kuta Beach has the highest amount of microplastic compared to the other beaches with the average of 148.9±103.8 particles kg-1. It might be due to Kuta Beach is the very famous beach visited by many tourists in the Bali Island. Moreover, this study was conducted during monsoon season that has been know to bring plastic wastes to Kuta Beach.
A Sanctuary of Memory in Viet Thank Nguyen’s “Black-Eyed Women”
Authors: Bernita Ms. A.J. , Kala Dr. S. J.
Published: December 2019

Diasporic literature has always brought out the pains and tribulations of the diasporans in the settled land. It has grown far and wide in the contemporary era. Such a dynamic field of literary studies not only presents the problems of the diasporans but gives solutions to the same. This research paper is one such attempt to propose the ways in which the diasporans can relieve themselves from the pains experienced in the hostland, as embedded in Viet Thanh Nguyen’s short story “Black- Eyed Women”.
Rancang Bangun Aplikasi Enkripsi Citra Berdasarkan Operasi Rotasi
Authors: Wahyudi Bagus Prasetyo , Rizqiwati Diah , Akbi Denar Regata
Published: December 2019

Cryptography is a discipline that uses mathematical equations when doing the decryption process until encryption. This technique uses to convert the initial message into the form of certain codes, in this study using the rotation method, the rotation method itself is the algorithm to rotate the image on its axis in part of the image. Aiming that information stored and sent to the recipient can’t be read or not easily understood by a third party or parties that are not eligible, advantages of the research made is the speed of fast application process and the decline in file size and not easy manual decryption With other tools, the result of encryption application encoding the occurrence of file size that occurs after the decryption process and encryption when compared with the initial size of the image file, and there is no decrease in the size of the file on BMP extension, the speed of encryption time to the file and the pixel size in the image file extension BMP And PNG on 2000x2000 pixel size has the best speed improvement that is equal to 0.12x faster, and change the histogram in the initial image with the result of encryption. This research is built using Python 3.4 programming language, and coupled with Library PIL-pillow, Library Time.
Analisis kinerja jaringan VANET dengan model propagasi free space dan two ray ground pada routing AODV
Authors: Agustin Adam Tedy , Akbar Denar Regata , Risqiwati Diah
Published: December 2019

VANET is one type of Ad Hoc network that serves as a wireless network with several mobile nodes that do not have a fixed router. Each of these nodes can function as a router that can search and handle paths to other nodes within a network. Each node on the network is mobile so that the topology of the network is constantly changing. On a network, the routing protocol is something that has a lot of impact on the performance of the network.Each propagation model will certainly have different capabilities and characteristics, therefore it is necessary to research some propagation models in the specified place which will then affect QoS performance on the VANET network. Mobility simulation is done based on urban environment scenario that is around Malang City Hall. This research applies SUMO as mobile simulator and NS-2 as network simulator with AODV type reactive protocol as routing protocol which is used and use propagation model of Free Space and Two Ray Ground as comparison in NS-2.In this research to do QoS analysis with parameters in the test is End to End Delay, Jitter, Packet Delivery Ratio and Throughput. After the data collected, analysis is done by looking at the QoS between the propagation tested. The Free Space propagation model has a smaller delay time with an average of 0.1136 ms than on the Two Ray Ground propagation which has a value of 0.1696 ms. For the number of packets received successfully Free Space propagation is better with an average value of 482.06 kbps throughput compared to Two Ray Ground propagation. The results of testing and analysis prove that Free Space propagation is the right model on the VANET network used in urban environments.
Klasifikasi Teks Berbasis Ontologi Untuk Dokumen Tugas Akhir Berbahasa Indonesia
Authors: Lestari Ayu Puji , S.Kom, M.Kom. Maskur , Hayatin Nur
Published: December 2019

In this research, the classification of the final project document in Informatics Engineering UMM. The problem faced is the difficulty of finding relevant information and the difficulty of categorizing the TA documents according to areas of interest if it should be done manually. The purpose of this research is to get information based on abstract TA according to the category and make it easier to classify the TA document according to the field of interest. The categories used are the areas of interest in the study program: RPL, Computer Networking, Intelligent Game and Data Science. The data used TA documents as many as 500 data. The stage is to build and model ontology rules according to the data obtained with reference data of UMM Informatics Engineering Curriculum 2017 sourced from the Association for Computing Machinery (ACM) of the IEEE Computer Society. Ontology aims to classify the objects that exist in the collection without requiring the data train. To support the classification process used dao method. The dao method is used to calculate the similarity between documents from an existing node on the ontology by looking at the closest distance. Stage testing system using accuracy obtained result of 87%. This shows that ontologists are able to classify documents without using train data.
Improvisasi algoritma advanced encryption standard (AES) dengan melakukan pemetaan s-box pada modifikasi mixcolumns
Authors: Harum Dana Putri , Aminudin Aminudin , Arifianto Sofyan
Published: December 2019

AbstrakAlgoritma kriptografi merupakan salah satu unsur penting dalam pengamanan data. Berbagai improvisasi pengembangan algoritma telah dilakukan untuk mengoptimalisasikan kemanan proses pertukaran dalam suata jaringan data. Efisiensi performa menjadi salah satu pertimbangan penggunaan algoritma tertentu. AES memiliki keamanan super yang hingga saat ini keamanannya hanya dapat ditembus dengan waktu sekitar  tahun dan semilyar processor. Kompleksitas keamanan AES sebanding dengan penggunaan penggunaan memori serta waktu yang dibutuhkan untuk memproses enkripsi dan dekripsi data begitu besar. Penelitian ini melakukan modifikasi lookup table sbox dan constant matrix pada mixcolumns. Improvisasi tersebut dilakukan dengan harapan mampu meningkatkan performa agar menjadi lebih efisien. Pengujian yang dilakukan terhadap penggunaan memori, waktu komputasi serta persentase avalanche effect masing – masing memiliki selisih sebesar 24mb, 18.9 detik, serta peningkatan avalanche effect sebesar 0.92%. berdasarkan data tersebut dapat diketahui bahwa performa pada improvisasi AES ini telah mampu meningkatakan performa algoritma dengan mereduksi waktu dan memori serta meningkatkan persentase avalanche effect.Cryptographic algorithm is an important element in data security. Any improvised of algorithm development has been carried out to optimize the security of the exchange process in a data network environment. Performance efficiency is one of the considerations of using algorithms. AES has a super security nowaday and its security can only be broken about   years and a billion processors. The complexity of AES security is proportional with the memory usage and the time are needed to process encryption and decryption of data is huge. This study modified the sbox table and constant matrix in mixcolumns. That Improvement is expected of being able to improve the performance to become more efficient. Tests carried out on memory usage, computation time and the percentage of avalanche effect which have a difference of 24MB, 18.9 seconds, and an increase in the avalanche effect of 0.92%. based on the data, it can be known that the performance of the AES has been able to improve the performance of the algorithm by reducing time and memory also it is increasing the percentage of avalanche effect
Comportamientos de riesgo para la salud en los adolescentes
Authors: Paredes-Iragorri María Cecilia , Patiño-Guerrero Luz Adriana
Published: December 2019

Introducción: Los adolescentes experimentan cambios físicos y psicosociales que los hacen vulnerables a múltiples comportamientos de riesgo, evidenciando la necesidad de generar políticas de prevención. Objetivo: Identificar los principales comportamientos de riesgo de los adolescentes, su prevalencia, factores predisponentes; así como las guías y escalas validadas que existen para su detección. Materiales y métodos: Se realizó una búsqueda bibliográfica en diferentes bases de datos y páginas oficiales de las principales organizaciones de salud. Se seleccionaron 45 artículos completos en español e inglés, publicados entre los años 2003 y 2017. Resultados: Se agruparon los comportamientos de riesgo en cinco dominios de los cuales se identificó su prevalencia se describieron las guías y escalas validadas existentes para su detección. Conclusiones: Al identificar los comportamientos de riesgo en los adolescentes se disminuye su morbimortalidad si se intervienen de forma precoz. Se recomienda a los profesionales de salud utilizar las mejores herramientas de tamizaje disponibles, que evalúan de manera rápida y simultánea múltiples comportamientos tales como las guías: Education/employment, peer Activities, Drugs, Sexuality and Suicide/depression, Rapid Assessment for Adolescent Preventive Services, Global school-based student health survey, de fácil aplicación en atención primaria y permiten realizar un adecuado abordaje y manejo de esta población.
Su Kamusallığının Değişen Niteliğinin Değerlendirilmesinde Suyun Finansmanının İncelenmesi: Trabzon Büyükşehir Belediyesi Örneği
Authors: AKAR Sonay
Published: December 2019

Doğal
bir kaynak, bir insan hakkı ve canlı yaşamı için hayati önemde bir faktör
(kaynak) olan su niteliği gereği kamusaldır. Son 30 yıllık süreçte suyun niteliğinde
bir değişim yaşanmakta ve su özel bir mala dönüşmektedir. Bu çalışmada niteliği
gereği kamusal olan suyun özel bir mala dönüştüğünü küresel düzeyde
ispatlamaktır. Bunu yapabilmek için suyun faydasını ve suyun finansmanında kullanılan
fiyatlandırma ve politikaları incelemek gerekmektedir. Türkiye’de
ve diğer ülkelerde suyu özelleştirme çabalarının altında, sudaki kar
potansiyelinin olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Çalışmada, kamusal alan araştırması
örneğinde, suyun finansmanı bu alandaki faaliyet raporları verileri ile
birlikte matematiksel hesaplama yöntemi ile analiz edilmiştir. Bu çerçevede çalışmanın hipotezi; su kıtlığının
neden olduğu ve canlı yaşamını (insan yaşamını) tehdit eden olumsuzluklardan
dolayı suyun kamusal kalmasının gerekliliği ortaya koyulmuştur.
AAOIFI Standartlarının Türkiye’deki Katılım Bankalarına Olası Etkileri
Authors: ERSOY Mehmet , SÜNER Mustafa
Published: December 2019

İslami
Finansal Kuruluşlar için Muhasebe ve Denetim Kuruluşu’nun Kavramsal Çerçeve,
Faizsiz Finans Muhasebe Rehberi ve 18 adet standart Kamu Gözetimi Kurumu tarafından
Türkçe’ye çevrilerek Resmî Gazete’de yayınlanmıştır. 01.01.2020 tarihinden
itibaren ihtiyari olarak uygulanabilecek standartların Türkiye’deki Katılım Bankalarına
etkilerini ele almak adına ülkemizde uygulanan muhasebe standart metinleri ile
karşılaştırılmıştır. AAOIFI standartlarını benimseyen yabancı bir katılım
bankası ile ülkemizde faaliyet gösteren bir katılım bankasının finansal
tabloları karşılaştırılmıştır. Katılım ve
mevduat bankalarının kullanması zorunlu hesap planı üzerinden de karşılaştırma
yapılmış, farklar ortaya konmuştur. Ayrıca düzenlenen finansal tablolarda yer
alan ana kalemlerin karşılaştırılmasına yer verilmiştir. AAOIFI
standartlarının ülkemizde uygulanması ile ek finansal tabloların düzenlenmesi, zekât
uygulaması, niteliksel özellikler ve muhasebe varsayımlarında ilave hususlar,
krediler kalemi yerine islami bankacılığa özgü kalemlerin eklenmesi söz konusu
olacaktır.
There Is Nothing Outside the Stage Any Longer
Authors: vincent roumagnac
Published: December 2019

No Abstract
(or This Box Left Intentionally Almost Blank)

Except, Perhaps,
This Extroduction

(White Noise)
(Winds)
Exit (Enter)

_
NB / The duration of the (close) hyper-reading of this exposition might be approximately 90 minutes - Sound output is recommended - Click on the images/pictograms to pop up/open - Click right down corner of the videos to enlarge and play.
The Yellow Folder. A Research on the Periphery of Life
Authors: Paolo Giudici
Published: December 2019

During his forty years career as orchestral clarinetist, my teacher Ernesto Olivieri (1905-1985) refaced, revoiced and repaired hundreds of clarinet and saxophone mouthpieces. He began even before he entered Bologna Conservatory with Bianco Bianchini, and continued refacing as a side activity, to meet his professional needs or to make some extra money during hard times (the Great Depression in Italy, World War II across Nazi Germany and occupied Europe, the immediate Post-war in Tito’s Yugoslavia). Often, though, he did the work out of friendship and always for his research and sound experimentation. Soon after he retired from his last position at the Teatro Massimo Bellini in Catania, he bought himself a typewriter and started a project he had long been planning: the “Treatise on the Clarinet Mouthpiece”, part memoir part refacing manual for clarinet students, complemented by the “Studies for Research”, a collection of short technical compositions devised to detect problems in mouthpieces and test the progress of the refacing work. When my teacher passed away and his widow entrusted me the yellow folder in which he kept the various drafts of the Treatise and the Studies, I attempted to edit that material for a print publication, guided by what I imagined were his intentions and the recent memory of our friendship. Overwhelmed by the vague structure, elusive content and faltering language of the text, I put the yellow folder in a drawer where it remained for over thirty years, until I recently came to reconsider the Treatise and the Studi in a different perspective.

Not only was his refacing practice marginalised within the conservatory and profession, but also writing remained a secondary practice and in advance excluded from consideration for being carried out autonomously, without formal training and outside the academia and the profession. Accordingly, the knowledge he created through those practices can be easily confused with technical skills, too limited in scope for today’s student and too marginal for the clarinetist, especially now that professional refacing services have become globally available, and that multimedia instructions and expertise are easily accessible over the internet. Thus, it would appear, Signor Olivieri’s knowledge is forever lost, trapped inside his text and irretrievably embedded in his life and practice. Nevertheless, this non-collaborative re-presentation of the Treatise and the Studies shows how his writing succeeds in exposing his refacing practice as research, and why this matters to artistic research today.
Effect of length-to-diameter ratio on critical heat flux in porous-coated tubes
Authors: Yildiz Sebiha
Published: December 2019

The critical heat flux occurring during upflow of boiling water in vertical smooth and porous-coated tubes were investigated experimentally. The experiments were performed at low pressures from 0.11-0.7 MPa and at mass fluxes from 100-400 kg/m2s, with inlet subcoolings from 1-70 K. The experiments were carried out with four test sections, two of which were porous coated by sintering. The two tubes in each of the cases, porous and smooth, had the same geometries (L/D = 28.3, L/D = 38.75) to ensure a direct comparison of the measured data in the porous-coated tubes with those of the smooth tubes. In addition, the critical heat flux data for water in uniformly heated vertical porous-coated tubes were obtained from the literature. These experiments were conducted using two smooth and four inner porous-coated tubes (L/D = 14.1, L/D = 50) in the same experimental set-up used in the present study. In general, it was found that the critical heat flux decreased with an increase in the L/D ratio for both the smooth and porous-coated tubes. The effect of porous coating on critical heat flux can be positive, negative, or even neutral.
Static and thermal behaviour of ship structure sandwich panels
Authors: Baroiu Nicusor , Beznea Elena , Coman Gelu , Chirica Ionel
Published: December 2019

The mechanical properties of certain flexible core materials of ship structure sandwich panels, having skins made of metallic or composite laminates maybe significantly influenced by the temperature variations that may occur during the operational loading. At the same time, the improving knowledge of the behaviour of these panels in terms of bending strength and other stress/strain related aspects in various harsh conditions increases their superiority in terms of weight-to-strength ratio, high stiffness, easy to manufacture, acoustic, and thermal insulation. In the paper, the behaviour of the ship structural rectangular sandwich panels to the mechanical and thermal loading are presented. The sandwiches have a special core of 20 mm and skins made out of different materials (glass fiber reinforced polyester, steel and aluminum) with a thickness of 3 mm. Analysis consists of the behaviour of the composite sandwich panels in the bending test at constant speed by the three-point method, for three distances between different supports, by measuring the maximum displacement and force applied to the specimens under various thermal fields. The sandwich structures are also thermally analysed, determining their thermal conductivity by the heat flow measurement method. The experimental results are compared with the results obtained by finite element analysis in numerical simulation of all modelling cases.
Comparison of Patient Comfort During the First Stage of Conventional Versus Modified Two-Stage Inferior Alveolar Nerve Blocks in Pediatric Patients
Authors: Joseph Rose Maria , Rao Ashwin P. , Srikant N. , Karuna Y. M. , Nayak P. Anupama
Published: December 2019

Our aim was to compare the comfort of pediatric patients during the first stage of the conventional 2-stage inferior alveolar nerve block (IANB) versus the modified 2-stage IANB. This was a parallel group, single-blinded, randomized controlled trial. Pediatric patients meeting the inclusion criteria were randomly allocated to 1 of the 2 groups receiving IANB, group 1 (31 subjects) utilized a conventional 2-stage technique, and group 2 (33 subjects) utilized a modified 2-stage approach. Patient comfort was assessed indirectly by 2 observers using the Face, Legs, Activity, Cry, Consolability (FLACC) scale during the first stage of the injections. FLACC score data between the 2 groups were analyzed using the chi-square test, and interobserver reliability was measured using kappa statistics. During the first stage of the injections, lower FLACC scores of 0 indicating a relaxed/comfortable patient experience were found in 57.6% of group 2 subjects compared with only 25.8% group 1 subjects, which was a statistically significant difference (p-value .013). Interobserver reliability assessed using kappa coefficients (κ = 0.812) indicated excellent agreement. FLACC scores for the pediatric patients during the first stage of the modified 2-stage IANB technique were significantly lower than during the first stage of the conventional 2-stage IANB technique.
An Evaluation of Ibuprofen Versus Ibuprofen/Acetaminophen for Postoperative Endodontic Pain in Patients With Symptomatic Irreversible Pulpitis and Symptomatic Apical Periodontitis
Authors: Stamos Alex , Drum Melissa , Reader Al , Nusstein John , Fowler Sara , Beck Mike
Published: December 2019

The purpose of this investigation was to compare ibuprofen versus an ibuprofen/acetaminophen combination for postoperative pain control in a patient model specific to teeth diagnosed with symptomatic irreversible pulpitis and symptomatic apical periodontitis. One hundred and two patients presenting with moderate to severe pain from a maxillary or mandibular posterior tooth diagnosed with symptomatic irreversible pulpitis and symptomatic apical periodontitis were included. Following local anesthetic administration, complete endodontic cleaning and shaping was performed. Patients were randomly assigned to receive identically appearing tablets of ibuprofen 200 mg or a combination of ibuprofen 200 mg/acetaminophen 216.7 mg with instructions to take 3 tablets every 6 hours as needed for pain. Patients were also given a prescription for an escape medication to take if the study medications did not adequately control their pain. A 4-day diary was used to record pain ratings and medication use. Moderate to severe pain was experienced by 59–61% of the patients on postoperative day 1 and 50–57% of the patients on day 2, with the pain ratings decreasing over the next 2 days. There were no statistically significant differences between the 2 groups in postoperative pain, percussion pain, or medication use. There was no difference between ibuprofen and the combination of ibuprofen/acetaminophen in the reduction of postoperative pain following endodontic debridement in patients with symptomatic irreversible pulpitis and symptomatic apical periodontitis.
The effect of progestagens on immunological risk factors of preterm birth
Authors: Elizarova N. N. , Artymuk N. V. , Polenok E. G.
Published: December 2019

Aim. To determine the level of IgA and IgG to estradiol, progesterone, and benzo[a]pyrene in women with or without preterm labor and to assess whether the administration of progestagens affect these parameters.

Materials and Methods. We measured the levels of IgA and IgG to estradiol, progesterone, and benzo[a]pyrene in serum of 199 pregnant women (68 with PL and 81 with normal delivery) with the following analysis of associations between progestagen administration and these parameters.

Results. The level of IgA to estradiol in patients with preterm labor was significantly higher than in women with normal delivery, and the administration of progestagens did not reduce their level in women with preterm birth.

Conclusions. Measurement of the antibodies to estradiol may help in predicting pregnancy complications such as preterm birth.
Vaginal mesh surgery is efficient to treat pelvic organ prolapse grade 3 in elderly women
Authors: Korotkevich O. S. , Mozes V. G. , Eizenakh I. A. , Soloviev A. V. , Vlasova V. V.
Published: December 2019

Aim. To evaluate the surgical treatment of pelvic organ prolapse grade 3 in elderly women.

Materials and Methods. We consecutively recruited 86 elderly women (60 to 75 years old) suffering from pelvic organ prolapse grade 3. Out of them, 56 patients underwent vaginal mesh surgery while 30 refused surgical treatment. After 1 year, we assessed stress urinary incontinence using a cough test and Valsalva maneuver. Pain intensity was measured using the Numeric Rating Scale whereas quality of life was assessed by Pelvic Floor Disability Index (PDFI-20). The primary outcome measure was the prevalence of pelvic organ prolapse symptoms while the secondary outcome measure was the frequency of stress urinary incontinence and low quality of life upon 1 year of follow-up.

Results. After 1 year of follow-up, patients who received a surgical treatment were characterized by a statistically significant decrease in both frequency and intensity of complaints and symptoms of pelvic organ prolapse. Pelvic Organ Prolapse Distress Inventory score was 8.3 (4.2-12.5) and 79.2 (79.2-100) in patients with or without surgical treatment respectively. Similar results were showed using Colorectal-Anal Distress Inventory score (6.2 (3.1-6.2) and 68.8 (62.5-71.9) and Urinary Distress Inventory score (8.3 (4.2-8.3) and 83.3 (79.2-87.5), in treated and untreated individuals, respectively. Total Pelvic Floor Disability Index score was 22.8 (11.5-27.0) in women who underwent a vaginal mesh surgery and 227.2 (226.1251.0) in those who did not. All indicated differences were statistically significant.

Conclusions. Vaginal mesh surgery is efficient for the treatment of pelvic organ prolapse grade 3 in elderly women.
Polymorphisms of CYP1A1, CYP1A2, CYP19, and SULT1A1 genes in women with early miscarriage
Authors: Noskova I. N. , Artymuk N. V. , Gulyaeva L. F.
Published: December 2019

Aim. To determine the frequency of the polymorphisms within the genes encoding estrogen metabolism enzymes: CYP1A1 (rs4646903), CYP1A2 (rs762551), CYP19 (rs700519) and SULT1A1 (rs9282861) in women with early miscarriage.

Materials and Methods. We recruited 103 consecutive women who experienced early miscarriage (< 12 weeks of pregnancy, n = 103) and 257 women without past medical history of adverse pregnancy outcomes. Following DNA extraction, we genotyped all samples by means of restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis. We analyzed the polymorphisms within the CYP1A1 gene (T264 → C, rs4646903), CYP1A2 gene (C734 → A, rs762551), CYP19 gene (C → T, rs700519), and SULT1A1 gene (G638 → A, rs9282861).

Results. We found a significantly increased prevalence of the mutant allele C as well as T/C and C/C genotypes of the rs4646903 polymorphism within the CYP1A1 gene and mutant T allele along with the T/C genotype of the rs700519 polymorphism within the CYP19 gene in women with early miscarriage as compared with those having a normal pregnancy course. Concurrently, we detected a reduced frequency of the C/A genotype of the rs762551 polymorphism within the CYP1A2 gene in patients who suffered from early miscarriage. The risk of miscarriage was significantly increased in carriers of CYP1A2 (rs762551 C/C) + CYP1A1 (rs4646903 T/C + C/C) + CYP19 (rs700519 C/T), CYP1A2 (rs762551 C/C) + CYP1A1 (rs4646903 T/C + C/C) + SULT1A1 (rs9282861 G/G) + CYP19 (rs700519 C/T), CYP19 (rs700519 C/T) + SULT1A1 (rs9282861 G/G), (CYP1A2 (rs762551 C/C) + CYP1A1 (rs4646903 T/C + C/C); CYP1A2 (rs762551 C/C) + CYP19 (rs700519 C/T), CYP19 (rs700519 C/T) + CYP1A1 (rs4646903 T/C + C/C), and SULT1A1 (rs9282861 G/G) + CYP1A1 (rs4646903 T/C + C/C) haplotypes. Investigation of the possible gene-environment interactions found a considerable increase in CYP1A1 (rs4646903 T/C) + CYP1A2 (rs762551 A/A) and CYP1A1 (rs4646903 T/C) + SULT1A1 (rs9282861 A/A) haplotypes in conjunction with a CYP1A2 (rs762551 A/A) + SULT1A1 (rs9282861 G/A) haplotype.

Conclusion. Patients with early miscarriage more frequently have the mutant allele C as well as C/T or C/C genotypes of the rs4646903 polymorphism within the CYP1A1 gene and mutant allele T (in particular within the C/T genotype) of the rs700519 polymorphism within the CYP19 gene; in contrast, C/A genotype of the rs762551 polymorphism within the CYP1A2 gene was less common in these patients. Specific risk haplotypes revealed in our study may indicate a combination of estrogen-dependent and chemically induced process caused by the bioactivation of exogenous xenobiotics in patients with early miscarriage.
Advantages of grass-legume mixture for improvement of crop growth and reducing potential nitrogen loss in a boreal climate
Authors: Li Honghong , Penttinen Petri , Mikkola Hannu , Lindström Kristina
Published: December 2019

A three-year field experiment was established to assess intercropping for sustainable forage production in Finland. In split-plot design, fertilizer treatment with unfertilized control, organic fertilizer, and synthetic fertilizer was the main plot factor, and crop treatment with fallow, red clover (Trifolium pratense), timothy (Phleum pratense), and a mixture of red clover and timothy was the sub-plot factor. Dry matter, carbon and nitrogen yields in mixture plots were highest with relatively high N% and the optimum C:N ratio (p < 0.05). Fertilization increased annual yields of mixture and timothy but not that of red clover. Soil NO3-N changed over time (p < 0.05) and was highest in fallow, followed by red clover, mixture, and timothy (p < 0.05), and the decrease during late growing season was smaller in the mixture and timothy plots. At the end of the experiment, soil C/NO3-N ratio was higher in timothy and mixture while lower in red clover and fallow plots (p < 0.05), and the relationship between soil DNA and NO3-N content may indicate that the potential nitrogen loss was lower in mixture and timothy than that in fallow and red clover plots.
Efficacy of different additives in ensiling faba bean and field pea based whole crop silages
Authors: Seppälä Arja , Rinne Marketta , Huuskonen Arto
Published: December 2019

Mixed stands of faba bean + wheat (FBW; faba bean 0.84), and pea + wheat (PW; field pea 0.89 on dry matter [DM] basis) were harvested in Siikajoki, Finland. The crops were ensiled in triplicate in laboratory silos using four additive treatments: control without additive, two commercial lactic acid bacteria stains (LAB) and ACID (formic and propionic acids). Ensiling time was 105 days. The crops contained 173 and 181 g DM kg-1 and the water soluble carbohydrate (WSC) concentration was 156 and 176 g kg-1 DM in FBW and PW, respectively. ACID restricted silage fermentation in FBW (WSC 146; fermentation products 43 g kg-1 DM). The other silages had high concentration of fermentation products (180–204) and low WSC concentration (< 22 g kg-1 DM). The volatile fatty acid concentration was below 30 g kg-1 DM in all treatments. PW-ACID treatment resulted in higher ethanol concentration and better aerobic stability (>235 hours) compared to control or LAB silages. When ensiling wet legume whole crops effluent losses, extensive fermentation and poor aerobic stability may cause problems.
Maapallon sydämenlyönnit
Authors: Lahelma Marja
Published: December 2019

Kirkkaat värit ja säkenöivä auringonvalo ilmaantuivat Ellen Thesleffin taiteeseen ensimmäistä maailmansotaa edeltävänä ajanjaksona, jolloin Firenzestä tuli hänelle toinen koti. Artikkeli luo katsauksen Thesleffin Italian vuosien tuotantoon tarkastellen sitä suhteessa aikakauden taiteellisiin ja filosofisiin suuntauksiin. Keskeisimmiksi näistä nousevat vitalismi ja futurismi.Vitalismin ja siihen kiinnittyvän bergsonilaisen aatemaailman valossa Thesleffin maalauksissa sykkivä elämänvoima saa syvemmän filosofisen merkityksen. Bergsonin kautta muodostuu yhteys myös Italian futuristeihin, jotka 1910-luvun taitteessa kokoilivat joukkojaan Firenzessä. Jos huomio kiinnitetään vain tyyliin ja aiheisiin liittyviin seikkoihin, ei Thesleffillä ja futurismilla näytä olevan juurikaan yhteistä. Ajatuksellisia jatkumoita on kuitenkin helppo paikantaa. Futuristien tavoin Thesleff asettui vastustamaan mekanistista ja materialistista maailmankuvaa ja tavoitteli taiteessa täydellistä vapautta sekä yhteiskunnan että perinteen vaatimuksista. Energiat, rytmit ja synestesiat sekä ajatus taiteen kyvystä ilmaista syvempiä totuuksia yhdistää Thesleffiä myös aikakauden avantgarden suuriin nimiin, Matisseen ja Kandinskyyn. Näiden taiteilijoiden tuotannossa korostuu mielikuvituksen merkitys ja katsojan aktiivinen rooli.
Parler femme? Parler couleur et ligne?
Authors: Kihlman Asta
Published: December 2019

Taidemaalari Sigrid Schauman (1877–1979) oli myös kuvataidekriitikko, jonka taidearvosteluissa esiintyy ajatus naisen omaehtoisesta ilmaisusta. Etenkin Ellen Thesleffin (1869–1954) taide tuntui ilmentävän Schaumanille ”naisen taiteen” ideaalia. Tässä artikkelissa analysoin Schaumanin kritiikkien retoriikkaa belgialaissyntyisen filosofin ja psykoanalyytikon Luce Irigarayn teoretisoiman sukupuolieron käsitteeseen tukeutuen. Artikkelissa kysyn, voisiko naisen omaehtoinen ilmaisu löytyä irigaraylaisittain kuvataiteen naisellisesta kielestä (parler femme), jossa positiivinen ero ajatellaan uudelleen?
”De sade att jag var den yngsta, en föregångare!”
Authors: Lundström Marie-Sofie
Published: December 2019

Recension: Hanna-Reetta Schreck, Minä maalaan kuin jumala. Ellen Thesleffin elämä ja taide (Helsinki: Teos, 2017).
The Spatial Analyses Of Natural Resources Use In Russia For 1990-2017
Authors: Klyuev Nikolay N.
Published: December 2019

Trends in the development of natural resources use in Russia for 1991-2017 are presented. The role of industries based on mineral resources has increased over the post-Soviet years. The use of renewable natural resources is increasingly shrinking into compact areas near “central sites” and main transportation routes. The inventory of implemented investment projects was used as the basis for compiling a small-scale map to display the main features of industrial and transport development of the territory of post-Soviet Russia. The article states that topical changes in the natural-resource sphere do not match the criteria of sustainable development.
First Multy-Proxy Studies Of High-Mountain Lakes In Armenia: Preliminary Results
Authors: Sapelko Tatyana V. , Boynagryan Vladimir R. , Naumenko Mikhail A. , Sevastyanov Dmitry V. , Gabrielyan Ivan G. , Piloyan Artak S. , Margaryan Liana A. , Aleksandrin Mikhail Yu. , Terekhov Anton V.
Published: December 2019

Within the framework of the Russian-Armenian project “The Paleolimnological Aspect of Studying the Evolution of Ecosystems of High-Mountain Lakes of Russia and Armenia” in July-August 2018, we investigated four high-mountain lakes of Armenia. The research focuses on the lakes Kari, Umroi, Akna and Sev. All investigated lakes are located at the altitudes about 3000 m above sea level. We first time these lakes were investigated using a multi-proxy method that includes paleolimnological, geomorphological, hydrological, geochemical and biogeographic studies. The research offers the first statistical characteristics of lake depth distribution, water volume and other morphometrics. Lake sediments sequences and radiocarbon dates were received and analyzed for Armenian small lakes for the first time. We determined that all the studied lakes were formed during the Holocene. Sediments of Lake Kari were deposited in the last 4000 years, sediments of Lake Umroi – within the last 8000 years, while maximum thickness of sediments is around 1 m in both lakes. Hence, we assume low deposition rate in Armenian high-mountain lakes, however, it varied significantly in different periods of lake history.
Samkvæmni í ávöxtun íslenskra lífeyrissjóða 1997-2017
Authors: Magnússon Gylfi
Published: December 2019

Í greininni er lagt mat á samkvæmni í ávöxtun íslenskra lífeyrissjóða, þ.e. hvort samband sé á milli ávöxtunar fortíðar og framtíðar. Byggt er á gögnum um ávöxtun allra íslenskra samtryggingarsjóða á árunum 1997 til 2017. Beitt er þremur mismunandi tölfræðilegum aðferðum við matið, þ.e. aðfallsgreiningu, venslatöflum og MWW aðferð sem byggir á raðsummum. Í ljós kemur að nokkurrar samkvæmni virðist gæta þegar horft er til skamms tíma, þ.e. samliggjandi ár skoðuð. Samkvæmnin virðist hins vegar minnka og jafnvel snúast við þegar horft er til lengri tíma. Niðurstöðurnar eru í samræmi við erlendar fyrri rannsóknir á samkvæmni í árangri í eignastýringu og koma því ekki á óvart. Túlka má niðurstöðurnar þannig að ekki sé vænlegt til árangurs að velja sér lífeyrissjóð eftir fortíðarávöxtun, a.m.k. ekki henni einni saman.