bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Socio-cultural contexts and peace journalism: A case for meso-level comparative sociological investigation of journalistic cultures
Authors: Mitra Saumava
Published: July 2016

The article argues that through explorations of differing identity formation among journalist groups according to socio-cultural contexts, Peace Journalism has to test the applicability and acceptability of its normative frameworks in different settings. The article identifies lessons Peace Journalism can include from other academic sub-fields to understand the professional life-worlds of journalists in post-conflict societies. The study proffers a meso-level investigation framework of journalists’ awareness of and negotiation with the circulation of ‘flaks’, ‘frames’ and ‘myths’ through the ‘feedback loop(s)’ they work within and re-categorizes micro-level findings from a study conducted in Kenya with this meso-level framework as an illustration.
Vice Media Inc.: Youth, lifestyle – and news
Authors: Bødker Henrik
Published: July 2016

The powerful and interesting mixture of Vice Media Inc. – youth, (cool) lifestyles, and journalism within a diversified global media company – has, naturally, attracted a considerable amount of both hopeful and critical journalistic commentary. Vice Media Inc. has, however, attracted little scholarly attention. This article seeks to address this through a contextual reading of Vice News’ coverage of the events in Ferguson (from 12 August to 28 September 2014). This coverage largely alternates between minute-by-minute, long-form video coverage and incensed, media-reflexive analysis and thus mixes amateur aesthetics, immersive approaches, and ethics of witnessing with commentary. This mixture, it will be argued, in certain ways mirrors the collaborative flow found on social media. The article employs an analytical framework that revolves around aspects of hybridity – from the systemic to the textual – and also draws on notions of cosmopolitanism in relation to the global audience of Vice.
Hybridisation, personalisation and tribuneship in the political interview
Authors: Hutchby Ian
Published: July 2016

This article discusses elements of hybridisation in political interviewing within the contemporary environment of broadcast news. Beginning from a conversation analytic perspective, four types of political interview programmes are described in terms of their different approaches to questions and answers; opinions and arguments; and neutrality, agency and advocacy. The analysis then turns to the different ways in which ‘tribuneship’ is manifested in different types of interview, comparing the representation of the public interest as found in both neutralistic and adversarial interviewing with the type of personalised and ‘non-neutral’ tribuneship found in hybrid political interviews.
The new ethnographer at work
Authors: Fine Gary Alan , Hancock Black Hawk
Published: July 2016

Building on observations from ethnography at the fin de siècle (Wellin and Fine, 2001), we address how ethnographers today approach their work tasks, incorporating new technology, emphasizing embodiment, sites of struggle, and increasing public engagement. We use the lens of the sociology of work to examine how ethnography has been shaped over the past 15 years, the lifespan of Qualitative Research. How do the challenges of occupational roles, places of research, and new forms of data gathering shape our collective work?
Leonard Hobhouse as a social theorist
Authors: Scott John
Published: July 2016

Leonard Trelawny Hobhouse is a neglected figure in social theory, perceived as a social evolutionist with little else to offer to sociological analysis. His realist philosophy of science and his social theory are recovered in order to show him as a key figure in classical sociology as well as a writer of contemporary relevance. He set out a conceptualisation of social action and social structure, of the conditions for social coherence and stability and of the discursive flow of communication that is the basis of mind, self and society.
Reflections on jazz training and marketing education
Authors: Holbrook Morris B.
Published: July 2016

In recent years, numerous marketing and organizational theorists have called attention to the analogy between jazz and management strategy. From the perspective of this jazz metaphor, key questions concern the implications of jazz training for marketing education. Too often—say, in motion pictures or television dramas—jazz is portrayed as an innocent folk music whose performance requires more feeling than knowledge. This inaccurate stereotype colors the treatment of music instruction found in the film Mr. Holland’s Opus (1995). A contrasting view of jazz as a technically demanding art form appears in the movie Whiplash (2014). These two films also represent diametrically opposed teaching styles—the first nurturing and customer-oriented, the second sadistic and product-oriented. A third motion picture entitled Keep On Keepin’ On (2014) presents a resolution of this dialectic in the form of a marketing-oriented instructor whose method of teaching combines kindness (the customer-oriented thesis) with rigor (the product-oriented antithesis) to achieve a balanced reconciliation (the marketing-oriented synthesis). From this perspective, like jazz training, marketing education is itself embarked on a marketing project that benefits from a rapprochement of customer-oriented and product-oriented impulses to attain a marketing-oriented synthesis. Thus, insights about jazz training become relevant to the challenges of marketing education—as illustrated by various examples from the author’s own experiences.
Marketing and compromising for sustainability
Authors: Finch John H. , Geiger Susi , Harkness Rachel Joy
Published: July 2016

The purpose of our article is to propose that compromising is a constitutive characteristic of those marketing systems that entail matters of public interest or concern. In such markets, actors design compromises as they encounter criticisms of and contending justifications for the market’s products, as these refer to price, efficiency in production and use, regulatory compliance or ecological sustainability. Tests and justifications are vital in order to determine what is valuable and by which measure. As a theory framework, the economic sociology of conventions provides a basis for assessing these contests, compromises, and justifications over the issue of worth in a marketing context. Through an ethnographic study of the regulated activities of chemicals service companies supporting the upstream petroleum industry, we assess how actors evaluate and justify the market’s products and services in this environmentally sensitive setting by means of tests drawing from different orders of worth: the green, the industrial and the market order. Our contributions show that by artful and pragmatic compromising around exchanges, actors in marketing systems can balance several conflicting orders of worth over the question of worth without needing to converge on an overriding institutional logic.
Individuality and hierarchy in Cicero’s De Officiis
Authors: Hawley Michael C
Published: July 2016

This essay explores a creative argument that Cicero offers to answer a fundamental question: how are we to judge among different ways of life? Is there a natural hierarchy of human types? In response to this problem, Cicero gives an account of a person’s possessing two natures. All of us participate in a general human nature, the characteristics of which provide us with certain universal duties and a natural moral hierarchy. But, we also each possess an individual nature, qualities that make us unique and which we have an obligation to cultivate. By employing different concepts of natura to refer either to common human nature or to particular individual nature, Cicero establishes a basis for a normative standard that manages to affirm the superiority of certain especially valuable types of life, such as the philosopher and the statesman. At the same time, he advances a coherent account of individuality that places high value on natural human diversity.
Culturally competent clinical ethics: Case study response: Response to case study: A family requests that their grandmother, who does not speak English, is not informed of her terminal diagnosis
Authors: Gray Ben
Published: July 2016

The case study: a family requests that their grandmother, who does not speak English, is not informed of her terminal diagnosis focusses mostly on the issues of autonomy of patient and truth telling but fails to highlight the most ethically salient feature of the case; the clinician did not talk to the patient. The case study notes that the patient spoke a dialect of Cantonese and felt that translation services might not have been readily available. This is unacceptable practice given the easy availability of professional telephone interpreters. In addition, it rendered the rest of the discussion academic as without a professional interpreter the clinician had no idea exactly what the family member who was interpreting was saying to their grandmother. This is an excellent case to discuss the ethics of the care of culturally and linguistically diverse people and the importance of interpreter use in patients with limited English proficiency. This case is also a good illustration of a limitation of Clinical Ethics Committees. A common norm is that there is no patient involvement in the deliberations of the committee. Without any patient involvement, it is very difficult to understand the patient’s position (well illustrated in this case) and impossible to engage in dialogue to find an agreed management plan.
‘Wilful Blindness’: Effects and Perceptions of New Labour’s Party Management
Authors: Avril Emmanuelle
Published: July 2016

This article shows how Lewis Minkin’s specific approach meticulously unpicks the mechanisms of party management to reveal the vulnerabilities of New Labour’s managerial culture and behaviour. Minkin breaks new ground in our understanding of organisational change and offers a better grasp of the dialectic between organisational culture and party reputation. The first section of the article presents the main counterproductive effects of the New Labour managers’ ‘rolling coup’ on the project it was supposed to sustain, with detrimental effects on intra-party democracy and organisational vitality. The second section highlights some of the main external misconceptions about the party and about the impact of the reforms by analysing the effect of party management on perceptions of New Labour and of Tony Blair, both in the United Kingdom and abroad (in France in particular), exploring the paradox of Blair’s standing abroad as a model to emulate, despite being described at home as ‘the most reviled former prime minister since 1945’. The conclusion draws out lessons from Blair’s management style – and eventual downfall – for star-struck foreign politicians and commentators.
What Technology Says About Decision-Making
Authors: Shivakumar Ram
Published: July 2016

We assemble and analyze a novel data set that provides evidence on the quality of decision-making by on-field umpires and teams in the sport of cricket. The decision review system, introduced in November 2009, gives teams a limited right to challenge an on-field umpire’s decision. Of the 1,201 on-field umpire decisions that were challenged in test matches by nine playing teams between 2009 and 2014, 310 (25.81%) were reversed by a 3rd umpire. Controlling for several match and team characteristics, logistic regressions show that (1) leg before wicket (LBW) and caught decisions that are ruled “out” by the on-field umpire are more likely to be reversed than decisions that are ruled “not out”; (2) for both LBW and caught decisions, home and away teams are equally likely to win a 3rd umpire reversal.
Push–Pull Dynamics
Authors: Hill Annette
Published: July 2016

This article explores push–pull dynamics in television drama production and reception. Push–pull dynamics are understood as complicated power relations in the transactions between television industries and audiences. The research is underpinned by qualitative data, drawing on more than 170 participants in interviews, focus groups, and participant observations, with producers and audiences from Northern Europe and North and South America. A case study of The Bridge (FX, 2013–2014) crime drama and its adaptations is used to think through the idea of push–pull dynamics. A key question concerns how power is performed in television itself, referring to work in cultural studies and Williams’s notion of the television experience. The Bridge crime drama and its adaptations underscore the particularities of power for television industries and audiences: this is not a tale of surrender to global industrial forces; rather, this is a story of the reality of power and the struggle over how producers and audiences make sense of global television.
Political Knowledge and Policy Representation in the States
Authors: Jaeger William P. , Lyons Jeffrey , Wolak Jennifer
Published: July 2016

Political knowledge is central to the success of representative democracy. However, public policy has been shown to follow public opinion even despite low levels of political information in the electorate. Does this mean that political knowledge is irrelevant to policy representation? We consider whether knowledgeable electorates are better able to achieve representative policy outcomes. Using the heterogeneity in the responsiveness of government across the states, we consider how state political knowledge moderates the connection between citizen ideology and the policy outcomes of state government. Using national surveys and multilevel logit with post-stratification, we develop measures of collective political knowledge in the states. We test whether knowledgeable electorates are more likely to secure representative political outcomes than less politically informed constituencies. We find that as state political knowledge increases, so does the correspondence between the preferences of the public and the ideological tenor of state policy outcomes.
Amarogentin Induces Apoptosis of Liver Cancer Cells via Upregulation of p53 and Downregulation of Human Telomerase Reverse Transcriptase in Mice
Authors: Huang Chun , Li Runqin , Zhang Yinglin , Gong Jianping
Published: July 2016

Background and Objective:

Amarogentin has been reported to have a preventive effect on liver cancer via inducing cancer cell apoptosis. We attempted to elucidate the roles of p53-associated apoptosis pathways in the chemopreventive mechanism of amarogentin. The findings of this study will facilitate the development of a novel supplementary strategy for the treatment of liver cancer.

Materials and Methods:

The purity of amarogentin was assessed by high-performance liquid chromatography. The inhibitory ratios of the liver cell lines were determined using a Cell Counting Kit-8 following treatment with a gradient concentration of amarogentin. Cell apoptosis was detected by flow cytometry using annexin V-fluorescein isothiocyanate/propidium iodide kits. The gene and protein expression of p53-associated molecules, such as Akt, human telomerase reverse transcriptase, RelA, and p38, was detected by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction, Western blotting, and immunohistochemical staining in liver cancer cells and mouse tumor tissues after treatment with amarogentin.

Results:

The inhibitory effect of amarogentin on cell proliferation was more obvious in liver cancer cells, and amarogentin was more likely to induce the apoptosis of liver cancer cells than that of normal liver cells. The gene and protein expression levels of Akt, RelA, and human telomerase reverse transcriptase were markedly higher in the control group than in the preventive group and treatment groups. Only the expression of human telomerase reverse transcriptase was downregulated, accompanied by the upregulation of p53.

Conclusion:

The results of our study suggest that amarogentin promotes apoptosis of liver cancer cells by the upregulation of p53 and downregulation of human telomerase reverse transcriptase and prevents the malignant transformation of these cells.
Direct Behavior Rating Instrumentation
Authors: Miller Faith G. , Riley-Tillman T. Chris , Chafouleas Sandra M. , Schardt Alyssa A.
Published: July 2016

The purpose of this study was to investigate the impact of two different Direct Behavior Rating–Single Item Scale (DBR-SIS) formats on rating accuracy. A total of 119 undergraduate students participated in one of two study conditions, each utilizing a different DBR-SIS scale format: one that included percentage of time anchors on the DBR-SIS scale and an explicit reference to duration of the target behavior (percent group) and one that did not include percentage anchors nor a reference to duration of the target behavior (no percent group). Participants viewed nine brief video clips and rated student behavior using one of the two DBR-SIS formats. Rating accuracy was determined by calculating the absolute difference between participant ratings and two criterion measures: systematic direct observation scores and DBR-SIS expert ratings. Statistically significant differences between groups were found on only two occasions, pertaining to ratings of academically engaged behavior. Limitations and directions for future research are discussed.
A Systematic Review of Informal Relationships Among Parents of Individuals With Intellectual Disability or Autism
Authors: Boehm Thomas L. , Carter Erik W.
Published: July 2016

Social relationships can shape the well-being of parents of children with intellectual and developmental disabilities (IDDs). Although much attention has focused on relationships with other family members or professionals, less is known about the place and contributions of informal relationships (i.e., non-family, unpaid others) in the lives of parents. In this review, we synthesize findings from 52 studies addressing the informal relationships of parents and explore their association with a range of parent and family outcomes. We present findings addressing three related relationship dimensions: the affiliations parents report having, their perceptions of these informal relationships, and the supports exchanged within these relationships. This collection of studies incorporated a wide range of measures to characterize these relationships, highlighting the complexities of capturing this aspect of parents’ lives. We discuss implications for future research and translating these efforts to improve the lives of parents of children with IDD.
Role of endovascular embolization for trigeminal neuralgia related to cerebral vascular malformation
Authors: Ge Huijian , Lv Xianli , Jin Hengwei , He Hongwei , Li Youxiang
Published: July 2016

Objective

The objective of this article is to describe the trigeminal neuralgia related to cerebral vascular malformation that is rarely reported and the experience referring to endovascular treatment.

Patients and methods

A total of 10 patients who had cerebral vascular malformation (AVM and dAVF) in a single center presented with trigeminal neuralgia. Clinical and angiographic presentations as well as their clinical outcomes after embolization were reviewed.

Results

Of the 10 cases, seven dAVFs and three AVMs were detected. In contrast to the dilated feeding arteries, an ectasia of the draining vein that is adjacent to the root entry zone of the trigeminal nerve such as the petrosal vein and lateral mesencephalic vein has the major role in causing the trigeminal neuralgia. All of these patients had relief of facial pain after endovascular embolization during follow-up (mean 57.3 months, range 5 to 100 months). There were no permanent neurological deficits.

Conclusions

Endovascular embolization is an effective method in treating trigeminal neuralgia related to cerebral vascular malformation.
Two-stage reconstructive overlapping stent LEO+ and SILK for treatment of intracranial circumferential fusiform aneurysms in the posterior circulation
Authors: de Andrade Guilherme Cabral , Alves Helvercio P , Clímaco Valter , Pereira Eduardo , Lesczynsky Alexandre , Frudit Michel E
Published: July 2016

Intracranial circumferential fusiform aneurysms of the posterior circulation involving arterial branches or perforating vessels are difficult to treat. This article shows an endovascular reconstruction technique not yet described, using a telescoping self-expandable stent (LEO+) and flow-diverter device (SILK) at different surgical times. Two patients with circumferential fusiform aneurysm, one being an aneurysm of the segments P2 and P3 of the posterior cerebral artery, diagnosed after a headache, and the other a partially thrombosed aneurysm of the lower basilar artery, diagnosed following ischemia of the brain stem. Endovascular treatment was performed by means of a vascular reconstruction technique that used at different surgical times: overlapping; a telescoped self-expandable stent, LEO+; and a flow-diverter device, SILK. Angiographic control was carried out at 6 and 12 months, to evaluate arterial patency, flow maintenance in the arterial branches and perforating vessels, and thrombosis of the aneurysm. The combined use at different surgical times of the self-expandable stent and flow-diverter device was technically successful in both patients. There were no complications during the procedure, nor in the long-term follow-up with full arterial vascular reconstruction, maintenance of cerebral perfusion and complete aneurysm occlusion at the 6- and 12-month angiographic follow-up. There was no aneurysm recanalization nor intra-stent stenosis. Circumferential fusiform aneurysm of the posterior circulation involving arterial branches or perforating vessels to the brain stem may be treated with this arterial reconstruction technique at different surgical times, using the self-expandable stent called LEO+ and the flow-diverter device SILK, minimizing the risk of complications and failure of the endovascular technique, with the potential for arterial reconstruction with thrombosis of the aneurysmatic sac, as well as flow maintenance in the eloquent arteries, in this type of cerebral aneurysm.
Numerical simulation on heat transfer characteristics of the storage tank for concentrating solar power plant
Authors: Mao Qianjun , Zhang Liya , Wu Hongjun
Published: July 2016

Concentrating solar power plant coupling with energy storage is a new and emerging technology, which can solve two issues, that is, low flux density and intermittent of solar energy. Heat transfer characteristics of the storage tank in this system have a key effect on the system’s efficiency and cost. In this article, the heat transfer performance of a phase change thermal storage tank has been proposed, and the temperature distribution and liquid fraction of phase change material in the tank has numerically been investigated. The results show that the temperature increases with the increasing charge time. The results also show that there is a phase change process at the charge time of 200 min, and no phase change for the charge time of 250 and 300 min. The results of this article can provide a reference for future design and optimal operation of the storage tank in concentrating solar power plant.
The coupling effects of the missile launcher and the ground in vehicle-mounted missile erecting
Authors: Wei Xinlin , Jiang Yi , Zeng Wei , Pan Xiao
Published: July 2016

In order to study the coupling effect of the equipment and the launching site during the erecting process of the vehicle missile system, the lumped parameter model of the multi-stage hydraulic cylinder is deduced, the flexible multi-body dynamic model is established in ADAMS, and the normal and tangential coupling forces in the coupling relationship are derived. The coupling calculation model of the weapon system and the launching site is established in the co-simulation of the ADAMS and MATLAB/Simulink. The results show that the vertical slip of the launching platform is much greater than longitudinal and lateral ones. The erection angles of the cylinders at all levels when they begin to extend are 0°, 22.16°, 43°, and 65.52°, respectively, of which the speeds are 50 mm/s or so, and there are little limit impacts between the cylinders. The thickness of the surface layer has greatest influence on the stability and security of the launching platform, followed by the thickness of the base layer as well as the elastic moduli of the surface layer and the base layer. The conclusion provides important theoretical basis for the selection of the unsupported launching site.
A regression-based Kansei engineering system based on form feature lines for product form design
Authors: Xiong Yan , Li Yan , Pan Peiyuan , Chen Yu
Published: July 2016

When developing new products, it is important for a designer to understand users’ perceptions and develop product form with the corresponding perceptions. In order to establish the mapping between users’ perceptions and product design features effectively, in this study, we presented a regression-based Kansei engineering system based on form feature lines for product form design. First according to the characteristics of design concept representation, product form features–product form feature lines were defined. Second, Kansei words were chosen to describe image perceptions toward product samples. Then, multiple linear regression and support vector regression were used to construct the models, respectively, that predicted users’ image perceptions. Using mobile phones as experimental samples, Kansei prediction models were established based on the front view form feature lines of the samples. From the experimental results, these two predict models were of good adaptability. But in contrast to multiple linear regression, the predict performance of support vector regression model was better, and support vector regression is more suitable for form regression prediction. The results of the case showed that the proposed method provided an effective means for designers to manipulate product features as a whole, and it can optimize Kansei model and improve practical values.
Study on computation of optimal depth increase of embossed panels of stainless water tank for energy storage system
Authors: Kang Dae-Hung , Jeong Je-Pyong
Published: July 2016

The objective of this study was to compute the optimal depth increase of the embossed panels of a stainless water tank used for an energy storage system. The pressing used to emboss the panels of the stainless water tank decreases their thickness. By assuming that the panels had the same volume before ([Formula: see text]) and after the change ([Formula: see text]), we found an equation that computed how much the thickness of the panels decreased. According to the obtained thickness equation, the thickness of arch-embossed panels decreased by 50% relative to flat panels, and that of pyramid-embossed panels decreased by up to 30%. We also performed finite element method analyses of four flat panels, four arch-embossed panels, and four pyramid-embossed panels by applying the thickness equation for different depth increase. As a result, the optimal depth increase of the arch-embossed panels was 70–90 mm, and that of the pyramid-embossed panels was 150–200 mm. We concluded that these computed optimal depth increase could be useful in the economic design of a stainless water tank for an energy storage system.
Effects of design parameters on carrying capacity of a double-row tapered roller slewing bearing used in wind turbine
Authors: Li Yunfeng
Published: July 2016

Mechanical model with detailed design parameters of a rotor slewing bearing with the structure type of double-row tapered roller for supporting the rotor of the wind turbine was presented. The internal geometrical relationships of the rotor slewing bearing were established in the Cartesian coordinate system. The elastic contact deformations between each tapered roller and the raceways were expressed through the geometrical transformation. The mechanical model was established using the equilibrium relations in the rotor slewing bearing. The safety factor and the fatigue life which represents, respectively, the ability of resisting the rolling contact plastic deformation failure and the rolling contact fatigue failure of the rotor slewing bearing were obtained based on the solution of the mechanical model. Effects of the detailed design parameters such as axial clearance, contact angle, and roller semi-cone angle on the carrying capacity of the rotor slewing bearing were analyzed. The results show that right amount of small negative axial clearance, increase in contact angle, and decrease in roller semi-cone angle are advantageous for enhancing the carrying capacity of the rotor slewing bearing. This provides the basis for the reasonable value selection of the design parameters of the double-row tapered roller slewing bearing for supporting the rotor of the wind turbine.
Conspiracy culture in Homeland (2011–2015)
Authors: Letort Delphine
Published: July 2016

Homeland is built on the conspiracy plots that provide entertaining suspense in the television series, which also reflects the fear culture that has developed in the wake of 9/11. CIA agent Carrie Mathison embodies the paranoid framework that undergirds the narrative, leading her to question the visible and to posit conspiracy theories behind coincidental events. Appropriating the narrative tropes of the gaslight films, Homeland enhances the unstable narrative structure produced by the combination of conspiratorial thinking with the serial. This article explores five seasons of Homeland and analyses the conspiratorial narrative it unfolds, highlighting how the serial format allows the creators to envision several scenarios illustrating individual and mass manipulation on the international stage, promoting a signifying system that blurs the final political message of the series.
Strategies to modulate the immune system in breast cancer: checkpoint inhibitors and beyond
Authors: Migali Cristina , Milano Monica , Trapani Dario , Criscitiello Carmen , Esposito Angela , Locatelli Marzia , Minchella Ida , Curigliano Giuseppe
Published: July 2016

Is breast cancer (BC) immunogenic? Many data suggest that it is. Many observations demonstrated the prognostic role of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) in triple negative (TN) and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER-2)-positive BC. TNBCs are poorly differentiated tumors with high genetic instability and very high heterogeneity. This heterogeneity enhances the ‘danger signals’ and select clone variants that could be more antigenic or, in other words, that could more strongly stimulate a host immune antitumor response. The response to chemotherapy is at least partly dependent on an immunological reaction against those tumor cells that are dying during the chemotherapy. One of the mechanisms whereby chemotherapy can stimulate the immune system to recognize and destroy malignant cells is commonly known as immunogenic cell death (ICD). ICD elicits an adaptive immune response. Which are the clinical implications of all ‘immunome’ data produced in the last years? First, validate prognostic or predictive role of TILs. Second, validate immune genomic signatures that may be predictive and prognostic in patients with TN disease. Third, incorporate an ‘immunoscore’ into traditional classification of BC, thus providing an essential prognostic and potentially predictive tool in the pathology report. Fourth, implement clinical trials for BC in the metastatic setting with drugs that target immune-cell–intrinsic checkpoints. Blockade of one of these checkpoints, cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated antigen-4 (CTLA-4) or the programmed cell death 1 (PD-1) receptor may provide proof of concepts for the activity of an immune-modulation approach in the treatment of a BC.
Perfectionism in Gifted Adolescents
Authors: Margot Kelly C. , Rinn Anne N.
Published: July 2016

To provide further generalizability for the results garnered by two previous studies, the authors conducted a methodological replication. In addition to adding to the body of replication research done with gifted students, the purpose of this study was to examine perfectionism differences among gifted adolescents in regards to gender, birth order, and grade level. Gifted adolescents enrolled in a rural middle and high school ( N = 96) responded to the Multidimensional Perfectionism Scale. Results revealed differences in regard to birth order, gender, and grade level. These results suggest that more research needs to be conducted to determine the relationship between perfectionism and gender, birth order, and age/grade level. Implications for parents, practitioners, and counselors are discussed.
Understanding How Teachers Listen in a Reading Enrichment Program
Authors: Gilson Cindy M. , Little Catherine A.
Published: July 2016

Asking questions that invite students to access advanced thinking skills during classroom discourse is a key strategy for challenging and supporting high-ability middle school readers. This critical teaching practice requires careful teacher listening. However, empirical research around teachers’ listening orientations, or how teachers listen, is sparse. We investigated five middle school reading teachers’ listening orientations as they conducted differentiated reading conferences as part of their first year implementing the Schoolwide Enrichment Model–Reading Framework (SEM-R). Our qualitative analysis of multiple data sources revealed evidence of differing teacher listening orientations, including evaluative, interpretive, student oriented, teacher oriented, undetermined, and combinations of these. This exploratory study has important implications for understanding how teachers’ listening orientations contribute to classroom discourse. Specific implications pertaining to high-ability readers are highlighted in the article.
Immediate Unrestricted Postoperative Weightbearing and Mobilization after Bone Marrow Stimulation of Large Osteochondral Lesions of the Talus
Authors: Lundeen Gregory A. , Dunaway Linda J.
Published: July 2016

Objective

There remains no consensus on a postoperative protocol following arthroscopic treatment of osteochondral lesions of the talus (OLTs) and most studies report a period of immobilization and nonweightbearing. Outcomes are believed to decrease with larger size. The purpose of our study was to evaluate patients who underwent arthroscopic treatment of large (≥150 mm2) OLTs with immediate unrestricted weightbearing and mobilization postoperatively.

Design

Patients who underwent arthroscopic bone marrow stimulation for osteochondral defects were identified. Exclusion criteria included lesions less than 150 mm2, additional procedures other than ligament reconstruction, incongruent ankle joint, arthritis, and tibial plafond lesions. Postoperatively, all patients were placed into a soft dressing and were allowed immediate weightbearing as tolerated. Patients were considered failures if their AOFAS (American Orthopaedic Foot and Ankle Society) score was less than 80 or if they underwent osteochondral transplant.

Results

Thirteen patients were available for follow-up. Two patients underwent osteochondral transplant and were considered failures. Of the remaining 11, the average follow-up time after surgery was 33 months (range, 7-59 months). Average age was 37 years (range, 15-56 years), and lesion size averaged 239 mm2 (range, 150-400 mm2). Average postoperative scores included foot function index 50 (range, 23-136), visual analog scale 3 (range, 0-8), and AOFAS hindfoot 82 (range, 40-100). The group’s overall success rate was 54% (7/13).

Conclusion

The results of our study are higher than those previously published studies on large lesions with a more restricted postoperative rehabilitation, suggesting that unrestricted weightbearing and range of motion does not diminish patient outcomes.

Level of Evidence:

IV, Case series.
Using Single Colors and Color Pairs to Communicate Basic Tastes
Authors: Woods Andy T. , Spence Charles
Published: July 2016

Recently, it has been demonstrated that people associate each of the basic tastes (e.g., sweet, sour, bitter, and salty) with specific colors (e.g., red, green, black, and white). In the present study, we investigated whether pairs of colors (both associated with a particular taste or taste word) would give rise to stronger associations relative to pairs of colors that were associated with different tastes. We replicate the findings of previous studies highlighting the existence of a robust crossmodal correspondence between individual colors and basic tastes. However, while there was evidence that pairs of colors could indeed communicate taste information more consistently than single colors, our participants took more than twice as long to match the color pairs with tastes than the single colors. Possible reasons for these results are discussed.
Multipotent adult progenitor cells on an allograft scaffold facilitate the bone repair process
Authors: LoGuidice Amanda , Houlihan Alison , Deans Robert
Published: July 2016

Multipotent adult progenitor cells are a recently described population of stem cells derived from the bone marrow stroma. Research has demonstrated the potential of multipotent adult progenitor cells for treating ischemic injury and cardiovascular repair; however, understanding of multipotent adult progenitor cells in orthopedic applications remains limited. In this study, we evaluate the osteogenic and angiogenic capacity of multipotent adult progenitor cells, both in vitro and loaded onto demineralized bone matrix in vivo, with comparison to mesenchymal stem cells, as the current standard. When compared to mesenchymal stem cells, multipotent adult progenitor cells exhibited a more robust angiogenic protein release profile in vitro and developed more extensive vasculature within 2 weeks in vivo. The establishment of this vascular network is critical to the ossification process, as it allows nutrient exchange and provides an influx of osteoprogenitor cells to the wound site. In vitro assays confirmed the multipotency of multipotent adult progenitor cells along mesodermal lineages and demonstrated the enhanced expression of alkaline phosphatase and production of calcium-containing mineral deposits by multipotent adult progenitor cells, necessary precursors for osteogenesis. In combination with a demineralized bone matrix scaffold, multipotent adult progenitor cells demonstrated enhanced revascularization and new bone formation in vivo in an orthotopic defect model when compared to mesenchymal stem cells on demineralized bone matrix or demineralized bone matrix–only control groups. The potent combination of angiogenic and osteogenic properties provided by multipotent adult progenitor cells appears to create a synergistic amplification of the bone healing process. Our results indicate that multipotent adult progenitor cells have the potential to better promote tissue regeneration and healing and to be a functional cell source for use in orthopedic applications.
Heavy Drinkers’ Perspectives on Minimum Unit Pricing for Alcohol in Scotland
Authors: O’May Fiona , Gill Jan , Black Heather , Rees Cheryl , Chick Jonathan , McPake Barbara
Published: July 2016

The irrefutable consequence of Scottish excessive alcohol consumption has prompted implementation and proposal of alcohol policy measures. The purpose of this study is to explore with heavy drinkers their awareness of and identify potential implications of policy introducing alcohol minimum unit pricing (MUP). Face-to-face semi-structured interviews were conducted with drinkers with alcohol-related harm ( n = 20; 15 males, five females; aged 34 to 67 years old) in Scotland’s two largest cities (drinkers were participants within a larger quantitative study, through attendance for treatment for alcohol-related harms at National Health Service [NHS] centers). Median weekly consumption among participants was 130.7 units (range: 28-256.3 U.K. units). Views regarding the impact of increased alcohol prices, through MUP, were mixed. While some drinkers indicated potential reduction in intake, thus possibly reducing alcohol harms in the long term, the expected, or even desired, from a public health perspective, effects on consumption and associated harms might not be fully realized in this group. To mitigate possible unintended short-term detrimental effects of MUP on the most vulnerable, careful planning and appropriate resourcing may be required prior to implementation.
The Efficacy of Public Education as a Means of Social Mobility for the Indigenous Tribal Populations of Rural India
Authors: Mukherjee Anirban , Goe W. Richard , Middendorf Gerad
Published: July 2016

India is home to a diverse number of indigenous tribal groups collectively known as the ‘adivasis’. As part of a tribal development strategy, the Indian government extended the public school system to serve rural tribal areas. This qualitative study explores the efficacy of the rural school system as a means of promoting social mobility among the Santal, Birhor, Kharia, and Lodha tribes located in the state of West Bengal, India. The findings indicate that rural schools have poor facilities, lack resources, and offer environments that are not conducive to academic success by the majority of tribal students. The research also reveals how the challenges faced by tribal children in rural schools are exacerbated because of a lack of cultural competency on the part of education professionals who design and deliver the curriculum. Thus the schools largely fail in preparing tribal students for even the bottom rungs of the Indian labour market.
Ovarian Carcinoma With Isolated Spinal Cord Metastasis
Authors: Safadi Sarah , Rendon Patrick , Rutledge Teresa , Mayasy Shadi
Published: July 2016

Ovarian cancer metastasis to the spinal cord is quite rare, and few case reports have been published previously. Herein, we present a case of a patient who was treated for ovarian cancer and was thought to be disease free for 17 months, then presented with lower limb weakness. She was found to have a T11-T12 metastatic intramedullary spinal cord lesion. On pathology, the diagnosis of metastatic ovarian adenocarcinoma was made. This report highlights the importance of maintaining a low threshold for ovarian cancer metastases to the spinal cord when patients present with neurologic sequelae, even in the setting of normal laboratory values, as early detection can prevent permanent neurological consequences.
Prosthetic Arteriovenous Graft Contact Dermatitis Masquerading as an Arteriovenous Graft Infection in a Hemodialysis Patient
Authors: Ramagiri-Vinod Nagadarshini , Tahir Hassan , Narukonda Sandhya , Joshi Medha
Published: July 2016

Prosthetic arteriovenous (AV) graft is the second most common vascular access of choice in hemodialysis patients. Rare complications of such grafts are increasingly seen due to rising population of patients on hemodialysis. Infections and thrombosis are the most common complications. Though metallic implants are known to cause hypersensitivity skin reactions, prosthetic AV grafts are rarely known to cause such kind of reactions due to inert nature of materials used in their preparation. We present a case of 54-year-old male who developed contact dermatitis after AV graft creation which was mistreated initially as infection.
Perspectives on Living With Fibromyalgia
Authors: Taylor Ann Gill , Adelstein Katharine E. , Fischer-White Tamara G. , Murugesan Maheswari , Anderson Joel G.
Published: July 2016

Perceptions of people living with chronic illness change over time, contributing to health-related stress that necessitates coping skills. Paterson’s shifting perspectives model provides an explanation of chronically ill people’s variations in attention to their symptoms. In this qualitative study, 20 people with fibromyalgia living in a rural setting were interviewed in 2013 with the aim of gaining insight into their experiences and the meaning-making associated with their chronic condition. Analysis of the interview data categorized five recurrent, or common, themes: experiences of loss, feelings of fear and uncertainty, influence of stress, stigmatization of the disease, and coping through courage. Difficulties attendant to losses, distress, and stigma associated with this chronic condition led the participants to report poor health-related quality of life. The study findings can be useful across clinical settings to nurses and other health care providers in understanding those diagnosed with fibromyalgia and their care needs.
Linking Spiritual and Religious Coping With the Quality of Life of Community-Dwelling Older Adults and Nursing Home Residents
Authors: Vitorino Luciano Magalhães , Low Gail , Vianna Lucila Amaral Carneiro
Published: July 2016

Objective: This study examined the effect of Positive and Negative Spiritual and Religious Coping (SRC) upon older Brazilian’s quality of life (QOL). Method: A secondary analysis of data collected from 77 nursing home residents (NHRs; M age = 76.56) and 326 community-dwelling residents (CDRs; M age = 67.22 years) was conducted. Participants had completed the Brief SRC, and the World Health Organization Quality of Life-BREF (WHOQOL-BREF) and World Health Organization Quality of Life-OLD (WHOQOL-OLD). A General Linear Model regression analysis was undertaken to assess the effects of SRC upon 10 aspects of participants’ QOL. Results: Positive ( F = 6.714, df = 10, p < .001) as opposed to Negative ( F = 1.194, df = 10, p = .294) SRC was significantly associated with QOL. Positive SRC was more strongly associated with NHR’s physical, psychological, and environmental QOL, and their perceived sensory abilities, autonomy, and opportunities for intimacy. Conclusion: Positive SRC behaviors per se were significantly associated with QOL ratings across both study samples. The effect size of Positive SRC was much larger among NHRs across six aspects of QOL. Place of residence (POR) in relation to SRC and QOL in older age warrants further study.
Enter the Vanguard State: Reinterpreting ASEAN’s Response to the South China Sea Issue
Authors: Southgate Laura , Khoo Nicholas
Published: July 2016

This article analyzes the Association of Southeast Asian Nation’s (ASEAN) interactions with China over the South China Sea issue since the end of the Cold War. A neorealist understanding of ASEAN’s international relations is advanced. This approach highlights the degree of security maximizing interest convergence between key ASEAN actors and an extra-regional actor, the United States, to explain the varying outcomes in the empirical record. Our approach is contrasted to alternatives in the existing literature that either overemphasize or underemphasize ASEAN’s autonomy in regional politics.
The Legacy of John Sung
Authors: Ireland Daryl R.
Published: July 2016

John Sung (Song Shangjie) was the premier Chinese evangelist of the twentieth century. He traveled further, spoke more often, and led more Chinese people to faith than any other person. His revivalism was riveting, often doubling people over in laughter before buckling their knees with grief. His acclaim as a preacher was rivaled only by his renown as a healer. Wherever he went, he offered Christ’s deliverance from both sin and sickness. He himself, however, was never healed of a chronic illness and spent the last four years of his short life bedridden and learning the quiet ministry of prayer.
Forced chromatin looping raises fetal hemoglobin in adult sickle cells to higher levels than pharmacologic inducers
Authors: Breda Laura , Motta Irene , Lourenco Silvia , Gemmo Chiara , Deng Wulan , Rupon Jeremy W. , Abdulmalik Osheiza Y. , Manwani Deepa , Blobel Gerd A. , Rivella Stefano
Published: July 2016

Key Points

Ldb1 transcription factor self-association domain fused to γ-globin promoter-specific ZF protein increases HbF, reduces HbS in hSCD cells. In vitro reactivation of HbF mediated by ZF-Ldb1 exceeds pharmacologic treatment in adult hSCD cells.