bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Імітаційне моделювання SIR моделей методом клітинних автоматів
Authors: Косович І. Т. , Черевко І. М.
Published: December 2024

Для узагальненої епідеміологічної SIR моделі методом клітинних автоматів
вивчається динаміка поширення інфекційних захворювань. Запропонована методика створення
динамічного середовища взаємодії агентів, де можна встановлювати та коригувати параметри
моделі. Проведено моделювання ряду стратегій та обмежень на параметри моделі. Отримані
результати моделювання та врахування впровадження соціального дистанціювання дозволяє
аналізувати різні схеми обмежувальних заходів та оцінити їх доцільність.
Структура sl₂-модулів на дiаграмах Юнга
Authors: Бедратюк Л. П.
Published: December 2024

В роботі встановлено явний вигляд трійки лінійних операторів (D̂–, D̂0, D̂+), які
визначають дію алгебри Лі sl2 на векторному просторі ℚyn діаграм Юнга, що відповідають
розбиттям λ довжини n:
D–(λ) = –(nξ–(λ) + ∇–(λ)),D0(λ) = 2|λ|λ,D+(λ) = ∇+(λ),
де ξ–(λ) та ∇±(λ) є сумами за всіма можливими діаграмами Юнга, отриманими додаванням або
вилученням клітинки □ з відповідної діаграми Юнга. Ідея доведення полягала у введені на
ℚyn структури алгебри, ізоморфній алгебрі симетричних многочленів від n змінних;
визначення дії sl2 на многочленах Шура і в перенесенні цієї дії на ℚyn.
Наближена побудова оптимального керування стохастичними динамічними системами
Іто-Скорохода з малим параметром i Марковськими збуреннями
Authors: Антонюк С. В. , Кириченко О. Л.
Published: December 2024

Одержана методика побудови синтезу оптимального керування для стохастичних
динамічних систем зі всією передісторією з малим параметром з марковськими збуреннями.
Доведено, що шукане керування можна знайти як оптимальне керування деякої допоміжної
задачі оптимального керування відповідної стохастичної диференціально-функціональної
системи. Побудовано алгоритм послідовного наближення ітерацій до оптимального керування.
Математичне моделювання динаміки передачі туберкульозу з використанням
диференціальних рівнянь збурених за допомогою вінерівських процесiв
Authors: Млавець Ю. Ю. , Панічек О. В. , Тимошенко О. А.
Published: December 2024

У цій статті ми розробляємо стохастичну математичну епідемічну модель динаміки
туберкульозу з метою покращення розуміння процесів передачі вірусу та прогнозування
розвитку епідемії. Для запропонованої моделі за допомогою теорії функцій Ляпунова
доведено існування єдиного майже напевно невід'ємного розв'язку. Наведено приклади
симуляцій з використанням мови програмування Python, які підтверджують коректність
теоретичних результатів.
Це дослідження виконано в рамках грантової програми MSCA4Ukraine, яка фінансується
Європейським Союзом.
Current Virtualization Practices as a Means of Increasing the Effectiveness of Museum Communication
Authors:   State University of Management, Beschastnov Nikolay N. , Fedorov Evgeny V. ,   State University of Management
Published: December 2024

Museums play an important role in the development of society, but they have to fight for their visitors in a fiercely competitive environment. In this regard, various steps are taken to change museum communication. One of the directions is the introduction of modern information technologies, including virtualization practices. These include the creation of virtual spaces, the use of augmented reality tools, as well as the principles of gamification. In addition, this approach creates a fascinating experience for visitors, which is comparable in success to that offered by entertainment facilities. At the same time, it carries several dangers, the main of which is the substitution of the functions of a museum institution. Moreover, the implementation of virtualization practices is associated with significant financial costs. The effectiveness of such activities can be questioned if the importance of the museum space itself is not properly emphasized.
The Russian Posessions in North America during the XVIII–XIX Centuries: Characteristics of Colonization and Factors Leading to the Loss of Territory
Authors:   Kursk State Agrarian University named after I.I. Ivanov, Afanasyev Andrey D. , Pigoreva Olga V. ,   Kursk State Agrarian University named after I.I. Ivanov
Published: December 2024

The article addresses the still-relevant issue of the colonization of Alaska and the Aleutian Islands by Russian pioneers. The authors, employing a synthesis of the formation, modernization, and civilizational approaches, analyze the reasons behind the transfer of the Russian Empire’s possessions to the United States in 1867. The scientific novelty lies in the comparative analysis of elite and economic factors that largely determined the nature of the development of Russian America. The elite factor is examined as the ruling elite’s aspiration to attain greater profits from the activities of the Russian-American Company amidst minimal state support. Conversely, the economic factor is analyzed in the context of the predominance of feudal-serf relations in the Russian economy, which is intricately intertwined with the elite factor. It is argued that for for the successful development of the region, against the backdrop of the changing international environment in the first half of the XIX century, an economic advancement was imperative, which could only be realized through the implementation of extensive reforms in Russia.
The Fate of Entrepreneurship in the XVIII Century, which Originated in the Voronezh Region during the Petrine Era
Authors:   Voronezh State Technical University, Dushkova Natalia A.
Published: December 2024

The article examines the development of Voronezh entrepreneurship in the XVIII century after the end of shipbuilding by Peter I at the shipyards of Voronezh. It is noted that the number of state-owned enterprises did not increase during this period; rather, factories and mills began to be established predominantly based on private capital. Moreover, there was a reorientation of entrepreneurs from metallurgical production to the processing of agricultural products, since agriculture, due to the prevailing circumstances, has become the leading branch of economics in the Voronezh province. The author identifies the reasons for the slow growth of private owners’ capital, which led to the construction of mainly small semi-industrial enterprises. The article emphasizes the significant role of peasant handicrafts in the regional economy, highlights the rise of the merchant class, and discusses the process of the penetration of commodity-money relations into agriculture and livestock breeding. The article argues that the modernization impulse set by Peter the Great was preserved in the Voronezh province throughout the XVIII century. Entrepreneurship, acquiring new features, continued to develop. Thus, it contributed to the creation of market relations and the decomposition of the feudal-serfdom system.
Dualism of the Сoncept of “Cultural Interference” (With Reference to the Central Asian CIS Ethnical Cultures as an Example)
Authors:   National Research University Higher School of Economics (HSE), Batyrshin Radik I.
Published: December 2024

At the present stage of cultural and civilizational development of society, there is a tendency towards convergence of cultures of the world. This is manifested at the level of universalization of cultural codes, the formation of cultural universals, as well as the interpenetration of cultures, which in this publication is considered as cultural interference. Aspects of border cultures’ everyday lives and mass culture are dynamically transformed during the process of cultural interference, along with the methods used to create cultural products. In addition to affecting material culture, these developments also result in a shift in the national mindset of all peoples worldwide: national worldviews converge, and national cultural symbols and stereotypes intervene. In this article, the author gives a new interpretation and justification for changes in the interpretation of the concept of “cultural interference (cultural interference)” using the example of the interference of cultures of the CIS countries of the Central Asian region.
Intuition as a Device of Knowledge in the Age of Digitalization: Advantages and Dangers of Application
Authors:   Kuban State Technological University, Gura Alena Yu. , Kuzemina Elena F. ,   Kuban State Technological University
Published: December 2024

The article examines the increased interest in the phenomenon of intuition in the digital age. According to the authors, the use of intuition as a heuristic tool for generating ideas, hypothesizing and evaluating arguments within the framework of philosophical and scientific knowledge is the most important task of modern individuals. In an effort to analyze the conditions under which intuition will contribute to improving the quality of scientific and philosophical research, the authors show various interpretations of the concept of “intuition” in the history of philosophy, highlighting the complexity and versatility of this phenomenon. Intuition, according to the authors, serves as a voice of the unconscious, to which the reins of rationality and critical thinking are applied. Amidst a crisis of rationality, intuition emerges as an irrational impulse that problematizes existing knowledge, thereby facilitating the production of new hypothetical insights. The aim of the article is to conduct a philosophical analysis of the risks associated with the application of intuition in the process of cognition, while simultaneously expanding the potential applicability of intuition in the digital world. Methodological basis of the research incorporates elements of historical-philosophical reconstruction, philosophical questioning, and employs both a systemic approach and methods of philosophical analysis. Following the point of view of coherence, the authors suggest that intuitive judgments embedded within a broader system of propositions contribute to structuring philosophical and scientific arguments in a coherent sequence. The authors conclude that intuition in the era of digitalization is a valuable heuristic tool associated with the level of development of metacognitive awareness, with the work of productive imagination and critical thinking. These processes together enable the utilization of intuition as a starting point for further analysis of problems, thus increasing its effectiveness and minimizing the risks of erroneous decisions.
The Socialist State and Communism: To the Question of the Historical Possibility of the Future
Authors:   Ural State University of Economics, Korniltseva Elena G. , Lysenko Valery V. ,   Ural State University of Economics, Kuznetsov Alexander Yu. ,   Ural Federal University
Published: December 2024

The article articulates the search for conceptually productive conjugations of the concepts of the socialist state and communist society in the context of the “history of the future”. The reasoning develops from the correlation of the fundamental provisions of the Marxist-Leninist doctrine of the withering away of the state under communism and the Soviet experience of state-building. At the same time, the main plot is built around the question of the ways and mechanisms of the transition of state socialism to “stateless” communism. The classical considerations on this issue are too strategic for practically significant social forecasts. Soviet socialism, on its “applied” side, left the question of “final” communism open. And now we can talk about the heuristic potential and logical consistency of the interpretation of the Soviet period of national history as a preparatory (and incomplete) stage in the development of a classless form of society. Despite the fact that the desired trend of denationalization, as the main visible sign of approaching communism, is practically nowhere visible throughout the Soviet project. And the collapse of the USSR completely received the opposite completely official qualification of capitalist restoration. The uncontested nature of communism as a result of the development of productive forces. By itself, it does not exclude a variety of ways of his concrete historical “coming”. Moreover, the Soviet version of the socialist state did not meet the expectations associated with it. And not only for external reasons. The impossibility of manually synchronizing the objective and subjective prerequisites of the new society programmed the socialist transformations into aberrations that turned the Soviet state from a direct, that is, the shortest, road to a bright future into a historical dead end. Although this does not imply the possibility of other, so to speak, detour options. But their search is definitely impossible without the historical identification of modernity and clarifying its relationship with the future on this basis.
Criteria for the Well-Being of the Modern Russian Family
Authors:   Russian State Social University, Vdovina Margarita V.
Published: December 2024

The modern Russian family is an actual, practically significant subject field for many scientific studies. Howev-er, insufficient attention is paid to the analysis of her well-being at the institutional, group and individual levels. In order to overcome this contradiction, the article suggests possible criteria for a comprehensive assessment of the well-being of this one of the most important institutions of society. Material grounds for analyzing family well-being, spiritual and moral, social, demographic, cultural, psychological and pedagogical signs of success-ful marital and child-parent relations, political and legal aspects of family safety, healthy lifestyle of the family, digital adaptability are considered. The importance of measuring not only objective indicators of family well-being, but also subjective self-perceptions of individuals’ family happiness is emphasized. The integrative-complex approach to interpretation of the well-being of the modern family as a social norm is considered in demand.
The Potential of Modern Youth: Professional Guidelines, Personal Transformations, Traditionalism and Innovation
Authors:   Federal Research Sociological Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Mansurov Valery A. , Ivanova Elena Yu. ,   Federal Research Sociological Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences
Published: December 2024

Youth as an object of study is included in the area of scientific interests of sociologists, psychologists, educa-tors, demographers, and economists. In-depth topical studies of youth issues affect various aspects of the life of this social-demographic group. The potential of youth is considered in terms of its labor and career pro-spects, creative or destructive functions, socio-cultural role in modern society, value orientations, dynamics of needs and targets. The formation of a comprehensive model of the potential opportunities of modern Russian youth in a multifaceted and multifactorial context is an effective direction of a comprehensive examination of the problems that contribute to or hinder the successful realization of youth in modern socio-economic realities and against the background of spiritual and moral transformations, both professionally and personally. The information base of the analysis was scientific works on the specified topic, official statistics data, legislative and administrative documents regulating youth policy; the results of sociological surveys. The article draws attention to a number of negative trends recorded in such aspects of youth life as: educational trajectories, pro-fessional guidelines, dynamic changes in value preferences, including family ones; spiritual, moral and na-tional cultural attitudes; health indicators; personal and psychological transformations.
Criminal-Legal Measures to Combat Sabotage Activities: Critical Analysis of Legislation
Authors:   Moscow State Institute of International Relations (University) of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs Rus-sian Federation, Reshnyak Mariya G. , Botasheva Zemfira Kh. ,   Karachay-Cherkess Branch of the Moscow Financial and Industrial University “Synergy”
Published: December 2024

In this article, the authors examine certain issues of legislative regulation of criminal liability for offences relat-ed to sabotage activities, emphasizing the danger of sabotage crimes directly affecting state security. The ob-ject of the study is public relations in the field of ensuring economic security and defense capability of the state. The research methodology includes a universal dialectical method, general scientific and private scientific methods, including formal logical, formal legal, analytical, sociological, comparative legal, and legal modeling methods, the use of tools of theoretical generalization. Based on the conducted analysis, the authors have ar-ticulated well-substantiated conclusions regarding the necessity for further systematic optimization of criminal legislation concerning responsibility for sabotage-related offenses. Furthermore, several proposals have been put forth concerning the enhancement of criminal-legal measures aimed at counteracting sabotage and other related criminal activities.
THE IMPORTANCE OF USING MULTIPLE WATER SOURCES AND BACK-UP SYSTEMS FOR WATER SECURITY – CLUJ-NAPOCA AREA
Authors: MASTAN Raul-Adrian , BACIU Călin
Published: December 2024

This article examines the water sources and treatment techniques applied in the area of Cluj-Napoca, Romania. Alternative sources, including both surface and subsurface sources, are emphasized. The circumstances are compared with those of similar companies in Romania or abroad, to evaluate CAS’s operational environment and its potential impact on water security. Additionally, the paper analyses the main legal provisions aimed at securing the groundwater harvesting system (including the one located between Florești and Cluj-Napoca. Finally, the author proposes measures to secure the water supply to consumers.
OCCURRENCE OF ALKALINE WATERS IN THE SOUTHERN APUSENI MOUNTAINS (ROMANIA) – RESULTS OF A PRELIMINARY SURVEY
Authors: NICULA Alin-Marius , BACIU Călin , SENILA Marin , ROBA Carmen
Published: December 2024

Consumption of alkaline water by the general population has increased over the past two decades, as certain customers value this type of water for its presumed ability to promote health. In spite of the commercial interest for natural alkaline water sources suitable for drinking purposes, relatively few scientific publications related to the occurrence of these waters are available. This article presents the results of a preliminary survey for alkaline water in the Southern Apuseni Mountains. This region has been selected as study area due to the presence of limestones and ophiolitic rocks, very often in contact with each other, both having the potential to bring the pH of natural waters to the alkaline range. A total of 78 sampling points, represented by streams, lakes, springs and dug wells have been investigated, and the physico-chemical common parameters were measured in the field. Alkaline water with pH above 8.0 has been found in almost 29 sampling points, out of which 7 points had a pH above 8.5. Most of the points were represented by surface running water. The prospective areas, as identified by this survey, correspond to Trascau Mts., and to the western (predominantly ophiolitic) part of the Metaliferi Mts. The data included in this paper may represent the starting point for a systematic survey and for a detailed study of the potential alkaline water resources in the study area.
Los sambenitos expuestos de la Inquisición española
Authors: Peña Díaz Manuel
Published: December 2024

La exposición pública del sambenito fue una de las principales manifestaciones de la violencia simbólica del Santo Oficio que impactó en la vida cotidiana del Mundo Hispánico. Los sambenitos expuestos en las iglesias formaban parte de una memoria colectiva configurada desde su presente, fueron las necesidades de ese presente las que la orientaron en una u otra dirección, según el consenso conjunto de la Inquisición y la comunidad cristiana vieja. Su exhibición se asociaba a una variedad de prácticas estigmatizantes de gestos, burlas e insultos que culminaron en una particular interiorización de esta marca infamante.
Mujeres afrentadas a partir de los pleitos del Archivo de la Universidad de Valladolid (1596-1600)
Authors: Bertolini Crespo Sandra
Published: December 2024

Este trabajo analiza todos los pleitos del siglo XVI conservados en el Archivo de la Universidad de Valladolid en los que una mujer denunció ante el tribunal del rector la afrenta y las acciones violentas que sufrió por parte de uno o varios estudiantes. A partir del análisis material de los pleitos, se ha estudiado el contenido de las querellas, analizando así sus causas – los delitos– y su desarrollo. También se examina la función y significado de los términos empleados en las descripciones de las mujeres a lo largo del proceso legal, así como la figura de los estudiantes acusados.
Conceptualizando la corrupción política en la época moderna: una propuesta metodológica a partir del caso catalán
Authors: Torra-Prat Ricard
Published: December 2024

Este trabajo plantea una metodología para el estudio de la corrupción política en la época moderna. Para ello, se debate un enfoque basado en tres ejes que pretende superar las dificultades en el momento de definir la idea de corrupción en un determinado momento histórico. Un primer eje se ocupa de la perspectiva geográfica, enfatizando la importancia del contexto local del lenguaje relacionado con las prácticas corruptas; el segundo eje plantea el papel central de las cesuras históricas a la hora de evaluar los antecedentes del universo conceptual de una determinada sociedad; finalmente, el tercer eje sugiere que el análisis de un amplio vocabulario proveniente de diferentes fuentes puede resultar útil a la hora de reconstruir el concepto de corrupción en las sociedades precontemporáneas.
Aproximaciones al estudio de la micropolítica inquisitorial al sur del virreinato del Perú, XVI-XVIII
Authors: Vassallo Jaqueline
Published: December 2024

En este artículo ponemos el acento en el rol que jugaron los comisarios inquisitoriales en tanto mediadores culturales, situados en la confluencia de distintas jurisdicciones y la intersección de autoridades, en tribunales cuyas jurisdicciones cubrían territorios amplios y difíciles de controlar, como ocurrió con el de Lima. Focalizaremos nuestro análisis en quienes actuaron en los obispados del Tucumán y el del Río de la Plata entre los siglos XVI y XVIII, situados al sur del virreinato del Perú, desde una perspectiva crítica de corte institucional y munidos de fuentes de archivo argentinas y españolas, documentos éditos y bibliografía especializada.
Historia de la colonización de la estepa kazaja por el Imperio Ruso (XVIII-XIX)
Authors: Karassayev Ganiy , Rakhmetullin Aman , Naimanbayev Bekmurat , Zhumanova Aiman , Bainazarova Baglan
Published: December 2024

The colonization of Kazakh lands by the Russian Empire in the XVIII-XIX centuries had a determining influence on the formation of modern Kazakhstan. A deep understanding of the colonial past is important for comprehending modern problems of Kazakhstan. The aim is to give a holistic picture of the process of colonization of Kazakh lands, with a focus on the view and role of the Kazakh people. The strategic, geopolitical and economic motives of the expansion are revealed, and the periodization of the colonization of Kazakh lands is given. The methods of establishing control, colonization, and management strategies are analysed.
Republicanos excombatientes mutilados. Del abandono al reconocimiento
Authors: Eiroa San Francisco Matilde
Published: December 2024

El estudio que presentamos analiza el proceso de reconocimiento de los republicanos excombatientes mutilados que permanecieron en el interior de España al finalizar la guerra civil en abril de 1939. A diferencia de los Caballeros Mutilados, no fueron integrados en ninguna institución que les protegiera ni tuvieron acceso a los privilegios concedidos a los excombatientes mutilados del ejército rebelde. Desde finales de los años sesenta comenzaron a reclamar derechos sociales y económicos, iniciando un largo proceso jurídico y reivindicativo que duró más de dos décadas. En el periodo de la Transición se aprobó un conjunto legislativo que satisfizo sus demandas, aunque se caracterizó por la lentitud y una gran complejidad burocrática.
Ofelia Rey Castelao (coord.), Conflictos y resistencias en la Edad Moderna. De los hechos a las palabras
Authors: Suárez Golán Fernando
Published: December 2024

.
Carlos Larrinaga y Donatella Strangio (eds.): The Development of the Hotel and Tourism Industry in the Twentieth Century. Comparative Perspectives from Western Europe, 1900-1970
Authors: Moreno Garrido Ana
Published: December 2024

.
Colette y Jean-Claude Rabaté, Unamuno contra Miguel Primo de Rivera. Un incesante desafío a la tiranía
Authors: Serrano García Rafael
Published: December 2024

.
El teatro en el siglo XXI, perspectivas y recepción del hecho escénico. Introducción
Authors: Escabias Toro Juana
Published: December 2024

Este texto sirve como introducción general a nuestro monográfico titulado “El Teatro en el siglo XXI, perspectivas y recepción del hecho escénico”. En él se presentan los distintos artículos que lo componen, todos ellos de una gran riqueza y realizados por voces conocedoras del teatro y con gran fundamento científico.
Miguel Ángel Hernández, Yo estoy en la imagen. Ensayos afectivos y ficciones críticas
Authors: Sotelo Rodríguez María
Published: December 2024

.
Ideando futuros posibles para CDMX: el caso Chilango de Karla Paniagua
Authors: Acero Campos Gerardo
Published: December 2024

Relatoría del trabajo de Karla Paniagua, Diseñando futuros posibles para la Ciudad de México: El caso de la revista Chilango, que puede servir para ayudar a especialistas en salud mental y a diseñadores de políticas públicas para entender escenarios que actualmente no existen, pero que son probables de que sucedan.
Desafíos para el diseño de políticas públicas el tiempo y horizonte, de Manuel Canto Chac
Authors: Ochoa Heredia Daniela Guadalupe
Published: December 2024

Relatoría del trabajo, El diseño de las políticas públicas. Tiempo y horizonte, de Manuel Canto Chac en dónde se destaca que la creatividad en el diseño de las políticas públicas reside en la capacidad de sintetizar o catalizar las instituciones, expectativas y recursos de poder de múltiples actores que aspiran a transformar los valores de una sociedad. Cada política pública es portadora de una idea del problema, de una ideología del grupo social o del sector involucrado y de una teoría del cambio social, entender esas diferencias nos acerca a la solución del problema, nos aleja del error, y eventualmente permite construir nuevas opciones.
Humanitarian aid and economic development: Analysis of sustainable resilience strategies for refugees in the Minawao camp (Cameroon)
Authors: MAGNE Marie Rosette , Aholou Cyprien Coffi
Published: December 2024

In a context of refugee precarity, the article highlights the significance of inclusive economic models for sustainable resilience amidst protracted crises, examining the interplay between humanitarian aid and economic development within the Minawao camp. Initially established as a temporary solution, the camp now shelters over 76,000 Nigerians fleeing Boko Haram violence. The study focuses on analyzing initiatives implemented to promote economic empowerment and resilience for refugees within a sustainable humanitarian framework. Through a combination of survey data, document reviews, and interviews, findings reveal that while these initiatives align with Sustainable Development Goal 8, they remain limited and insufficiently adapted to the skills and needs of the refugees. The camp’s geographic isolation and the passive involvement of the Cameroonian government further exacerbate the refugees’ dependency on humanitarian aid. Consequently, the study advocates for greater host-state involvement beyond theoretical agreements, the diversification of economic opportunities beyond the camp, adjustment of empowerment programs to meet refugee needs, and strengthened funding through innovative partnerships.
Obstáculos formativos a la inclusión educativa
Authors: Dopico Rodríguez Eduardo , Menéndez Suarez Covadonga
Published: December 2024

Ofrecer una educación inclusiva requiere de una adecuada formación del profesorado en diversidad, equidad e inclusión, temáticas sobre las que se han podido documentar carencias y sobreentendidos que afectan a las culturas docentes, a las micropolíticas desarrolladas en los centros y a las prácticas de aula.  Investigando sobre las ideas y la formación percibida por el profesorado, tanto generalista como especialista en respuesta a la diversidad, sobre inclusión y equidad y sus competencias para desarrollar una verdadera educación inclusiva, a través de debates colaborativos y preguntas-clave, hemos encontrado resultados que nos alertan de la presencia de fisuras en la formación permanente del profesorado que exigen replantear las políticas educativas en inclusión y programar oportunidades de formación en este ámbito a todo el profesorado. Se sugiere combinar acciones en los propios centros para reflexionar sobre la inclusión, sin olvidar la importancia de considerar el compromiso personal de cada docente con su propia formación continua.
Desafíos del acogimiento residencial en España: pasado, presente y futuro de las leyes de infancia.
Authors: Cantos-Egea Alison , Tierno-García Juana-María , Camarero Figuerola Marta
Published: December 2024

El sistema de acogimiento residencial y la atención a la infancia y adolescencia han experimentado diversas modificaciones y adaptaciones a lo largo del tiempo, ajustándose a los cambios en los contextos sociopolíticos y culturales. En la actualidad, en España existen 22 leyes de infancia (3 de ámbito estatal y 19 autonómicas) que regulan el marco organizativo y legal para garantizar la protección de los derechos de las personas menores de edad. Esta investigación, a través de una scooping review, tiene como objetivo analizar, por un lado, cómo se organiza el acogimiento residencial en las distintas comunidades autónomas y, por otro, cómo se estructura el marco regulador referente a las competencias de liderazgo, el perfil profesional y la práctica de los profesionales que intervienen de forma socioeducativa y psicosocial en la protección de los derechos de la infancia. Los resultados muestran la necesidad de establecer criterios normativos estandarizados para todas las comunidades autónomas, con el fin de garantizar una protección integral de la infancia y la adolescencia a nivel nacional. Además, se destaca la importancia de contar con un sistema de información estandarizado que evalúe el impacto de las medidas adoptadas en el sistema de protección infantil. También se evidencia la falta de unificación en los perfiles y funciones de los profesionales, así como la necesidad de debatir nuevos modelos de atención integral que prioricen la calidad de vida y la justicia social de la infancia y adolescencia en situación de protección en España.
The “Machinery Question”
Authors: Mańko Jacek
Published: December 2024

On the historical evolution of views regarding technology’s impact on human labor.
The First, Not Fourth
Authors: Zawadzki Witold
Published: December 2024

When we are out on an evening stroll, gazing up at the night sky dotted with thousands of stars, we often do not realize that these bright points are actually immense spheres of matter in a plasma state.
Predicting blood loss volume in a canine model of hemorrhagic shock using arterial waveform machine learning analysis
Authors: Edwards Thomas , Gonzalez Jose M. , Hernandez-Torres Sofia , Venn Emilee , Ford Rebekah , Ewer Nicole , Hoareau Guillaume L. , Holland Lawrence , Convertino Victor A. , Snider Eric
Published: December 2024

OBJECTIVE

To determine if the compensatory reserve algorithm validated in humans can be applied to canines. Our secondary objective was to determine if a simpler waveform analysis could predict the percentage of blood loss volume.

METHODS

6 purpose-bred, anesthetized dogs underwent 5 rounds of controlled hemorrhage and resuscitation while continuously recording invasive arterial blood pressure waveforms in this prospective, experimental study. We calculated human compensatory reserve using deep learning (hCRM-DL) and machine learning (hCRM-ML) models previously developed with human data. We trained a metric to track blood loss volume using features extracted from canine (c) arterial waveforms as an input.

RESULTS

When applied to the 6 dogs, the hCRM-DL model (R2 = 0.38) more poorly fit a linear regression model against mean arterial pressure and had lower area under the receiver operating characteristic (AUROC; 0.60) compared to the hCRM-ML model (R2 = 0.61; AUROC, 0.73). Conversely, the arterial waveform analysis for canine blood loss volume metric (cBLVM) predicted blood loss in dogs experiencing controlled hemorrhagic shock more accurately (R2 = 0.74). The cBLVM model for predicting blood loss volume had the highest AUROC score (0.81) and was the earliest indicator of hemorrhage onset.

CONCLUSIONS

The hCRM-ML and hCRM-DL algorithms did not translate to accurate prediction of the onset of hemorrhagic shock in dogs. However, the arterial waveform feature analysis–derived cBLVM might provide decision support to resuscitate dogs with hemorrhagic shock.

CLINICAL RELEVANCE

Canine BLVM may be useful in estimating blood loss in dogs, which can guide resuscitation strategies for these patients.
Does current forest management affect the ecologic and esthetic assets of the landscape in Poland?
Authors: Słupska Alicja , Zawadzka Anna
Published: December 2024

Forestry in Poland finds itself currently at a crossroads. On the one hand, there is powerful social pressure and concern for sustainable development and landscape assets of forests, while on the other hand, the output function is still important. Forest complexes are a crucial element contributing to the esthetic value of landscapes.

The esthetic and landscape assets of forests at a regional or local level are determined by numerous elements. Examples of measures at the regional level are afforestation programs, while at the local level, one of the most important factors influencing the landscape is the extent of clear-cut areas or the increase in the proportion/use of natural regeneration.

Forest management must take into account the multifaceted role of forests, in which the landscape function is extremely important. Allowing for a variety of ecosystem services that forests supply can contribute to minimizing the risk of potential conflicts whilst maximizing the benefits derived from forest ecosystems by different stakeholder groups. The aim of this paper is to present the results of a literature review relating to the impact of forest management (with its tools) on ecologic and esthetic landscape values at both regional and local levels.
Innovation and adaptation in public–private partnerships in the military domain under broad-spectrum influencing: Towards a competence-based strategic approach
Authors: Häyhtiö Markus , Eklund Amanda , Palokangas Marko
Published: December 2024

The purpose of this research is to conduct two instrumental case studies, one from Finland and the other from Israel. These case studies explain ‘why’ and ‘how’ clear and significant differences exist between these two nations in the area of military innovation and adaptation. Research strategy is not to conduct a comparative case study, but results make it possible to find and evaluate operating methods suitable for building and safeguarding Finnish society in cooperation between private and public actors. The operating methods being studied focus on the early stages in the life cycle of developing military capability. This study utilises the inductive approach, in which data guide the research process. As the research progresses, new information is built on top of the acquired data, and the overall picture of the topic is constructed in an iterative manner. Contribution of the research are propositions that the Finnish Defence Forces would benefit from a competence-based strategic approach to partially replace the resource-based approach. A separate sub-strategy with its foundation in competence-based strategy is proposed for innovation activities. Results indicate that the excellence-based approach chosen by Israel that emerged in the case study and literature review has specifically produced results in the area of developing innovation activities.
First isolation of Aerococcus viridans from clinical specimens collected on a pig farm in Poland
Authors: Cybulski Piotr , Kondratiuk Radosław , Spiekermeier Ines , Woźniakowski Grzegorz
Published: December 2024

Introduction

Successful retrieval of Aerococcus viridans from porcine clinical specimens has been rarely described, and data has only been obtained from a few swine-producing countries. Therefore, the aim of this study was the isolation of A. viridans recovered from a specimen originating from a commercial pig farm located in Poland.

Material and Methods

Seven dead 12-week-old pigs weighing 24–26 kg with joint swelling of the hind legs were selected on a modern farrow-to-nursery farm in Poland in October 2023. The research material was joint swabs from one affected limb amputated through the proximal part of the femur. Bacteria were isolated using matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionisation–time-of-flight mass spectrometry. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing of isolates of Staphylococcus aureus, A. viridans and Trueperella pyogenes was performed by disc diffusion and also by minimal inhibitory concentration evaluation in the case of A. viridans. Two pooled samples were screened by PCR for Streptococcus suis, Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae, Actinobacillus suis, Mycoplasma hyorhinis, M. hyosynoviae and Glaesserella parasuis.

Results

Five samples were positive for bacteria by culture and five isolates were recovered. Staphylococcus aureus was identified in three samples and T. pyogenes and A. viridans in one each. Pooled samples were G. parasuis-, M. hyorhinis-, M. hyosynoviae-, Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae-, Actinobacillus suis- and S. suis-negative in the PCR. The A. viridans isolated was susceptible to beta-lactams and gentamicin. Ten representative nucleotide contigs from the 500 obtained showed similarity as high as 97.5% to GenBank reference strains.

Conclusion

To the best of our knowledge, this is the first identification of A. viridans in clinically affected Polish pigs. It elevates the importance of uncommon pathogens, including A. viridans, in the development of lameness in pigs. This research emphasises the role of modern diagnostic tools for accurate identification of swine pathogens. Further research would prove beneficial to elucidate the mechanisms of A. viridans infection, its prevalence, pathogenicity and virulence factors.
Identificação de fitoquímicos em extrato da casca de uva vitis Labrusca L.
Authors: Cyrino Carvalho Furlan Nayara , Priscila Busch Furlan Cibele
Published: December 2024

A uva é uma das maiores fontes de fitoquímicos e o seu consumo vem demonstrando efeitos benéficos contra várias doenças crônicas, como doenças neurodegenerativas, cardiovasculares, câncer, diabetes e obesidade. Existem cerca de oito mil diferentes fitoquímicos encontrados na natureza, sendo os polifenóis e flavonóides um dos mais relevantes, visto que a concentração desses compostos bioativos pode indicar o potencial terapêutico do alimento. O perfil de compostos bioativos presentes na uva é variável, sendo influenciado pelo tipo da videira, as práticas de viticultura e fatores edafoclimáticos. Tendo em vista a grande variedade de compostos bioativos presentes nas uvas, este estudo objetivou a identificação dos compostos bioativos presentes na casca da uva Vitis labrusca L. As cascas foram submetidas a processo de extração a frio com metanol. Então, foram utilizados cinco métodos de identificação de estruturas químicas em extratos vegetais, sendo: 1 - fenóis e taninos; 2 - antocianidinas, antocianinas e flavonóis; 3 - leucoantocianidinas, catequinas e flavononas; 4 - flavonóides e 5 - saponinas. A uva V. labrusca apresentou resultado positivo para diferentes grupos metabólicos de interesse farmacológico, sendo eles: fenóis, taninos hidrossolúveis, antocianidinas e antocianinas, leucoantocianidinas, flavanonas e flavonóides.
Kansainvälistä keskustelua avoimista oppimateriaaleista – OER2024 -konferenssi Irlannissa
Authors: Syvälahti Kati
Published: December 2024

Mitä tapahtuu oppimisen ja oppimateriaalien avoimuudessa kansainvälisesti? Keväiseen Irlannin Corkiin kokoontui yli 200 opetusalan ammattilaista OER2024 (Open Educational Resources) konferenssiin 27.–28.3.2024. Konferenssin pääteemoina olivat tasa-arvo ja inkluusio, tekoälyn eettiset ulottuvuudet, oppimisen avoimuuden muuntuvat maisemat, innovatiivinen ja luova pedagogiikka sekä avoin lähdekoodi ja tieteellinen sitoutuminen. Tässä artikkelissa Kati Syvälahti raportoi konferenssin kohokohdista ja sen herättämistä ajatuksista.
Servicios Ecosistémicos Marino Costeros para San Andrés, Providencia y Santa Catalina: una perspectiva estratégica a su cadena de suministro
Authors: Otálora Murillo Nathalia María
Published: December 2024

El Archipiélago de San Andrés, Providencia y Santa Catalina es de gran importancia para Colombia por su ubicación estratégica y los Servicios Ecosistémicos Marino Costeros (SEMC) que brinda la Reserva de Biósfera Seaflower, los cuales sustentan la vida humana al proveer agua, alimentos, regular el clima y proteger la costa, así como conservar especies y ecosistemas vitales. No obstante, enfrenta problemas ambientales, sociales y económicos, especialmente por la sobrepoblación en la isla de San Andrés. En este contexto, el capítulo analiza la viabilidad de satisfacer las necesidades humanas y las necesidades básicas insatisfechas mediante el uso responsable de los SEMC, lo cual permitiría mejorar las condiciones de vida de los habitantes del Archipiélago. En este sentido, se concluye que es necesario consolidar la cadena de suministro y reconocer la importancia estratégica y geopolítica del departamento, pues esto contribuiría al desarrollo de los Intereses Marítimos Nacionales, al cumplimiento de los Objetivos de Desarrollo Sostenible y al fortalecimiento del poder marítimo y la estrategia marítima nacional.
How GPT Enhances Soft Systems Methodologies in Industrial Engineering
Authors: JOSI Editor
Published: December 2024

Industrial systems are rarely straightforward. They often involve complex, ill-structured problems influenced by human factors, organizational culture, and decision-making dynamics. These types of challenges, often addressed through soft systems methodologies, require innovative approaches to bridge gaps between technology, people, and processes. Generative Pre-trained Transformers (GPT), with their advanced natural language understanding capabilities, have emerged as a promising tool for optimizing soft systems in industrial engineering.

In this post, we explore how GPT can support soft systems methodologies by enhancing decision-making and facilitating effective communication among stakeholders.
Raça, emprego informal e informalização: uma perspectiva histórica do trabalho no Brasil contemporâneo
Authors: Zullo Gustavo , Almeida Pedro
Published: December 2024

A partir de um balanço da gênese da categoria setor informal, ressaltamos a importância do paralelismo entre raça e classe para as análises sobre a estrutura de ocupações. Posteriormente, examinamos a situação dos trabalhadores negros no mercado de trabalho brasileiro entre 1982 e 2022, tanto em ocupações informais como em ocupações formais de baixa remuneração, dentre as quais destacamos os entregadores de aplicativo como expressão da racialidade do processo de informalização.
IL-10 EXPRESSION LEVELS AS POTENTIAL BIOMARKER IN WOMEN WITH SLE
Authors: Oliveira Maria Luiza Guimarães de , Santin Luan Viana , Barros Amanda Carvalho de , Magri Danton , Drehmer Manuela Nunes , Muniz Yara Costa Netto , Lindenau Juliana Dal-Ri
Published: December 2024

Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) is a multi-systemic autoimmune disease. Its etiology is unclear; however, genetics, environmental, and immunological factors have already been related to the pathogenesis of the disease. There is evidence that cytokines can contribute to SLE, modulating innate and adaptive immune responses. Interleukin-10 (IL-10) is a pleiotropic cytokine previously related to SLE patients and disease activity status. Genetic polymorphisms at the promoter region of IL-10 have been associated with differential protein production, but the findings are conflicting. To assess the potential involvement of polymorphisms -1082 A/G (rs1800896) and -819 A/C (rs1800871) on the susceptibility to disease and clinical features, we identified these variants by TaqMan® SNP assay in a sample of 135 SLE cases and 130 matched controls from an admixed Brazilian population. High IL-10 expression genotypes (-1082 AG or GG) were associated with a protection for SLE (OR 0.317; 95% CI 0.189–0.525; p = 0.001), while no significant results were found for -819 A/C (OR 1.907; 95% CI 0.966–3.921; p = 0.063). Haplotypes of medium or high IL-10 expression were associated with anti-RO positive autoantibodies (p = 0.038), early diagnosis (p = 0.022), and longer fertility time (p = 0.019), possibly predicting a premature but milder disease. These findings indicate that IL-10 polymorphisms influence the susceptibility to SLE in this Brazilian South population and could predict a phenotype characterized by positivity to Anti-RO, premature diagnosis, and longer fertility time.
AVALIAÇÃO MICROBIOLÓGICA DE AMOSTRAS CLÍNICAS DE UROCULTURA EM MARINGÁ-PR
Authors: Saldan Mariana Melo , Domingues Leticia Vitoria Lopes , Oliveira Eduardo Fenili de , Boleta-Ceranto Daniela de Cássia Faglioni , Franco Eliane Mendes , Zardeto Giuliana , Cogo Juliana
Published: December 2024

As infecções do trato urinário (ITU) são a segunda infecção mais comum em humanos, afetando milhões de pessoas anualmente. Além de sua alta prevalência, as ITUs estão associadas a elevadas taxas de morbidade, especialmente em mulheres, e representam um considerável impacto econômico devido à resistência antimicrobiana crescente. Este estudo tem como objetivo avaliar o perfil microbiológico de amostras de urocultura de pacientes atendidos em Maringá – PR entre 2016 e 2022. Por meio de um estudo retrospectivo, foram analisados 167.426 laudos de urocultura, sendo 127.088 (75,9%) pertencentes ao sexo feminino. Um total de 34.467 (20,6%) amostras apresentaram crescimento bacteriano ou fúngico. Os resultados mostraram prevalência de Escherichia coli (66,97%), Klebsiella pneumoniae (11,7%) e Proteus mirabilis (4,67%), todas Gram-negativas. Foi observado predomínio de amostras positivas em todas as faixas etárias avaliadas na população do sexo feminino, com uma incidência total de 84,97% (n=29.288), especialmente em mulheres entre 20-39 anos (27,8%). A conclusão destaca a importância de estratégias de prevenção e tratamento adequadas para reduzir a incidência de ITUs e os custos relacionados ao tratamento, principalmente em populações de risco.
Bridging the Algorithmic Divide
Authors: Bian Qiuxiang , Ling Xiaoxu , Yan Siyuan
Published: December 2024

The urgency for artificial intelligence (AI) literacy has been highlighted by the 2024 Nobel Prizes in Physics and Chemistry, awarded for groundbreaking AI research. Despite AI’s transformative potential in higher education, a digital divide persists between faculty and students, with educators often lagging behind in AI adoption. This commentary addresses the critical need to enhance AI literacy among faculty, examines the barriers to AI adoption, and emphasises the evolving role of students as contributors to faculty development. The commentary outlines future research and development directions, including interdisciplinary studies, ethical frameworks, and international collaboration, to foster an inclusive and effective AI-integrated educational environment. Through these efforts, higher education can cultivate a technologically adept and ethically informed academic community, prepared to leverage AI for scientific discovery and innovation.