bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Directions of formation of digital competence of employees of Federal Penitentiary Service of Russia in the information society
Authors: Antonovskiy Aleksandr
Published: July 2024

The article discusses the main directions of the formation of digital competence of employees of the Federal Penitentiary Service of Russia in the information society. The main digital competencies of employees of the penal enforcement system, which form the basis of professional digital competence, are highlighted in a generalized form: the ability to apply modern information technologies, digital tools and digital tools in practice to achieve professional tasks; the ability to work with information (search, systematization, transfer); skills of working with digital data in specialized information systems; skills and abilities of working with software, technical means in the workplace; the ability to summarize, analyze and visually present the results of work, if necessary, in electronic form, etc. The main directions of work on the formation of digital competence among employees of the Federal Penitentiary Service of Russia can be direct acquaintance with advanced scientific and technical developments in both general and special educational disciplines in the areas and specialties of training; conducting educational events with the invitation of specialized specialists on the introduction and use of information technologies; participation of students in specialized scientific and practical conferences and seminars; educational events on digital hygiene and digital etiquette; the use of gamification as a modern teaching method and special digital training platforms; conducting practical training with various information systems of a reference and search nature, telecommunication networks, electronic databases, office software. It is emphasized that it is necessary to take into account the constant change and addition of the content of digital competencies, based on the needs of official activity in the context of the development of the digital economy and create conditions and prerequisites for the development of continuing professional education of specialists, when the "increment" of professional digital competence is implemented on a planned basis: not only when obtaining higher education, but also in the future, in the dynamics of performance official activity by employees of the Federal Penitentiary Service of Russia.
Promising areas of researchon strategic competence of specialists in labor psychology
Authors: Surenskaya Natalia
Published: July 2024

The relevance of the study of strategic competence of specialists is primarily related to one of the main problems of labor psychology – the problem of studying the patterns of professional activity, as well as technologies for diagnosing and developing professionally important qualities and professional competencies of employees. Strategic competence in the psychological literature is currently considered by researchers in two main meanings. The first value of strategic competence implies intellectual actions for a professional, which provide a strategic orientation in order to ensure the competitiveness of the organization, an advantage over others, and the formation of promising areas of development. The second value of strategic competence implies the presence of communication and interpersonal interaction within the framework of professional activities, work functions and operations. In this context, strategic competence, based on communicative strategies, the use of linguistic means of communication, ensures the achievement of both the goals of professional interpersonal interaction between colleagues and the goals and objectives of work. The analysis of prospective studies of strategic competence in modern labor psychology allows us to speak about the relevance of research on such aspects as: the development and concretization of the concept of "strategic competence" in relation to the specifics of a particular professional activity; identification of the criterion of differentiation of the concept of "strategic competence" in order to further determine its component composition and identify the structure; identification of professionally important qualities that form the basis of strategic competence; development and selection of appropriate psychodiagnostic tools for psychological practice; research on mentoring and work support for young professionals. The implementation of these areas of strategic competence research will be able to lay the foundation for the implementation in practice of a systematic approach aimed at psychological and pedagogical support of professional activities of specialists and its further use by personnel and psychological services of organizations.
Relationship between anhedonia, biological rhythms, functioning and depression severity in patients with bipolar disorder.
Authors: Gorostowicz Aleksandra , Chrobak Adrian Andrzej , Dudek Dominika , Siwek Marcin
Published: July 2024

Cel pracy

Celem pracy było zbadanie związku pomiędzy anhedonią, zaburzeniami rytmów biologicznych, funkcjonowaniem i nasileniem depresji u pacjentów z chorobą afektywną dwubiegunową (ChAD).

Metoda

Do badania włączono 58 pacjentów w wieku 18-65 lat z depresją w przebiegu ChAD. Uczestnicy byli oceniani przy użyciu następujących skal: Skala oceny wymiarów anhedonii (DARS), Skala Przyjemności Snaitha-Hamiltona (SHAPS), Krótki inwentarz objawów depresyjnych – samoopisowy (QIDS-SR), Biological Rhythms Interview of Assessment in Neuropsychiatry (BRIAN), Functioning Assessment Short Test (FAST). Obliczono korelacje pomiędzy zmiennymi. Zbudowano modele regresji liniowej z FAST lub QIDS-SR jako zmienną zależną. Przeprowadzono analizę mediacji.

Wyniki

Zaobserwowano istotne statystycznie korelacje pomiędzy uwzględnionymi zmiennymi. Rozregulowanie rytmów biologicznych i anhedonia były niezależnymi predyktorami poziomu funkcjonowania lub nasilenia depresji. Analiza mediacji wykazała istotną statystycznie mediację związku pomiędzy anhedonią a nasileniem depresji/funkcjonowaniem przez wynik skali BRIAN.

Wnioski

Po raz pierwszy wykazaliśmy interakcje pomiędzy anhedonią, rozregulowaniem rytmów biologicznych a nasileniem depresji/funkcjonowaniem u pacjentów z ChAD. Deficyty w układzie nagrody poprzez zakłócanie rytmu codziennych aktywności i kontaktów społecznych mogą skutkować większymi trudnościami w funkcjonowaniu i większym nasileniem objawów depresyjnych.
Zabytki piśmiennictwa mieszczańskiego do końca XVI wieku w krakowskich bibliotekach naukowych
Authors: Schmidt Michał
Published: July 2024

The article presents the city books from the Kingdom of Poland until the end of the 16th century collected in Kraków’s scientific libraries. The search was not limited to manuscripts written by municipal authorities, but also included books of municipal institutions and private individuals. Over 70 books and their fragments were found, coming from 30 different cities. Although the described collections of city books are not numerous, they fully show the cross-section of the literacy activities of municipal authorities and institutions. The largest group is the documentation of municipal authorities (council, jury, advocate): court books, accounting and administrative books, as well as cartularies. Another category are guild books, mostly including lists of craftsmen, court cases and accounts. The books of fraternities and hospitals are less numerous and contain mainly financial entries and lists of fraternity members. The last group are rare files of private persons: their notes and legal or financial records.
A High-Dimensional Choice Model for Online Retailing
Authors: Jiang Zhaohui (Zoey) , Li Jun , Zhang Dennis
Published: July 2024

Online retailers are facing an increasing variety of product choices and diversified consumer decision journeys. To improve many operations decisions for online retailers, such as demand forecasting and inventory management and pricing, an important first step is to obtain an accurate estimate of the substitution patterns among a large number of products offered in the complex online environment. Classic choice models either do not account for these substitution patterns beyond what is reflected through observed product features or do so in a simplified way by making a priori assumptions. These shortcomings become particularly restrictive when the underlying substitution patterns get complex as the number of options increases. We provide a solution by developing a high-dimensional choice model that allows for flexible substitution patterns and easily scales up. We leverage consumer clickstream data and combine econometric and machine learning (graphical lasso, in particular) methods to learn the substitution patterns among a large number of products. We show our method offers more accurate demand forecasts in a wide range of synthetic scenarios when compared with classical models (e.g., the independent and identically distributed Probit model), reducing out-of-sample mean absolute percentage error by 10%–30%. Such performance improvement is further supported by observations from a real-world empirical setting. More importantly, our method excels in precisely recovering substitution patterns across products. Compared with benchmark models, it reduces the percentage deviation from the underlying elasticity matrix by approximately half. This precision serves as a critical input for enhancing business decisions such as assortment planning, inventory management, and pricing strategies.

This paper was accepted by Vishal Gaur, operations management.

Supplemental Material: The online appendix and data files are available at https://doi.org/10.1287/mnsc.2020.02715 .
Side-Constrained Dynamic Traffic Equilibria
Authors: Graf Lukas , Harks Tobias
Published: July 2024

Dynamic flows are a well-studied model for car traffic in road networks. The assumption that every driver chooses her route in such a way as to selfishly minimize her own travel costs leads to the solution concept of dynamic equilibria, that is, dynamic flows wherein every flow particle travels along a cost minimal route (under the travel costs induced by this flow). In practice, however, there are often additional constraints on certain parts of the networks that restrict the options of the individual drivers like traffic limits due to security concerns in tunnels or to keep emission levels in some areas below certain thresholds. In “Side-Constrained Dynamic Traffic Equilibria,” Graf and Harks develop a general framework for incorporating such additional side constraints into dynamic flow models. They provide characterization results for the resulting equilibria via (quasi-)variational inequalities and show the first existence result for the nonconvex setting of volume constraints.
Penggunaan Deep Learning dan Post-Processing Algoritma Douglas-Peucker untuk Ekstraksi Jaringan Jalan pada Area Urban dari Orthophoto
Authors: Bimanjaya Alfian , Handayani Hepi Hapsari , Rachmadi Reza Fuad
Published: July 2024

Peta dasar skala besar sangat dibutuhkan oleh kota besar/metropolitan seperti Kota Surabaya untuk perencanaan kota dan menunjang pembangunan kota cerdas. Beberapa informasi utama yang paling dibutuhkan dari peta skala besar adalah fitur bangunan dan jaringan jalan. Ekstraksi jaringan jalan merupakan pekerjaan yang menantang karena banyak alasan, termasuk sifat heterogen dari geometri dan spektral, kompleksitas objek yang sulit dimodelkan, dan data sensor yang kurang baik. Intepretasi yang dilakukan oleh operator secara visual masih merupakan pendekatan yang umum digunakan untuk ekstraksi informasi dari orthophoto. Akurasi intepretasi yang dihasilkan tergantung pada keterampilan dan pengalaman dari operator. Sehingga, dapat terjadi inkonsistensi pada data yang dihasilkan oleh operator yang berbeda. Beberapa tahun terakhir ini, ekstraksi otomatis jalan dari orthophoto maupun CSRT menjadi isu penelitian penting dan menantang yang mendapat perhatian lebih besar. Dalam penelitian ini, penulis menerapkan metode deteksi objek berbasis Mask Region-based Convolutional Neural Network (Mask R-CNN) untuk ekstraksi jaringan jalan memanfaatkan orthophoto dan DSM LiDAR di daerah urban Kota Surabaya. Beberapa strategi dirancang dan digabungkan dengan model deteksi objek berbasis Mask R-CNN, termasuk post-processing yang terdiri dari regularisasi poligon algoritma Douglass-Peucker, remove overlap, fill gap, dan penghalusan poligon. Metode yang penulis terapkan menghasilkan kinerja yang cukup baik untuk ekstraksi jalan menghasilkan nilai presisi 90,28%; kelengkapan (recall) 85,85%; skor-F1 88,01%; dan IoU 78,59%; serta overall accuracy 95,25 % dan nilai kappa 90,5%.
Analisis Sebaran Spasial Genangan Banjir Terkait Tutupan Lahan di Kota Banjarmasin, Kalimantan Selatan Menggunakan Citra Sentinel 1 dan 2
Authors: Ambarini Anggita Puspita , Bioresita Filsa , Hayati Noorlaila
Published: July 2024

Kota Banjarmasin merupakan salah satu kota di Indonesia yang rawan banjir. Pada 20 Januari 2021 terjadi banjir di beberapa wilayah di Kota Banjarmasin. Banjir mengakibatkan kerugian materi dan sekitar 100 ribu jiwa terdampak, dimana beberapa diantaranya diharuskan mengungsi ke tempat yang lebih aman. Upaya mitigasi bencana banjir dapat dilakukan dengan memetakan genangan banjir menggunakan citra satelit penginderaan jauh, salah satunya citra satelit Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) Sentinel-1. Pemetaan genangan banjir dilakukan menggunakan cloud computing Google Earth Engine dengan metode change detection, dimana citra saat banjir dibagi dengan citra sebelum banjir. Luas genangan banjir pada 20 Januari 2021 di Kota Banjarmasin dengan nilai ambang batas (threshold) yang digunakan adalah 1,1 adalah sebesar 1.674,501 ha dengan overall accuracy 91,25%. Banjir berkaitan erat dengan tutupan lahan. Identifikasi tutupan lahan dapat dilakukan menggunakan citra optis Sentinel-2 dengan metode supervised classification. Pemetaan tutupan lahan menggunakan algoritma Classification and Regression Trees (CART) dengan Google Earth Engine. Hasil klasifikasi tutupan lahan dikategorikan menjadi lima kelas yaitu badan air, lahan terbangun, vegetasi, lahan kosong, dan pertanian. Perhitungan uji akurasi dengan confusion matrix menghasilkan nilai overall accuracy sebesar 95,175% dan kappa sebesar 93,08%, sehingga telah memenuhi ketentuan USGS dan menunjukkan akurasi yang sangat baik berdasarkan kriteria Koefisien Kappa Cohen. Kelas tutupan lahan yang paling terdampak adalah lahan terbangun dan pertanian. Hal ini dapat disebabkan karena laju infiltrasi lahan terbangun dan lahan pertanian seperti sawah tergolong sedang hingga lambat dan sistem drainase di Kota Banjarmasin yang kurang memadai.
Oncology nurses' lived experience of caring for patients with advanced cancer in healthcare systems without palliative care services
Authors: Abu-Odah Hammoda , Leung Doris , Chan Engle Angela , Bayuo Jonathan , Su Jing Jing , Ho Ka-Yan , Lam Katherine-Ka-Wai , Yuen John Wai-Man , Zhao Ivy Yan , Allsop Matthew J , Al Zoubi Fadi M , Al Khaldi Mohammed N , Krakauer Eric L , Molassiotis Alex
Published: July 2024

Background:

Caring for patients with advanced cancer is complex and challenging, requiring varied expertise, including symptom management, communication skills, care coordination and emotional resilience. Within existing literature, the lived experiences of oncology nurses are poorly articulated in countries with a lower income where formal palliative care (PC) is absent.

Aim:

To explore the lived experiences of Gazan oncology nurses who provide care to patients with advanced cancer in healthcare systems, without formal palliative care infrastructure.

Methods:

A phenomenological approach was adopted. Semi-structured interviews were conducted between January and April 2022, in the Turkish Palestinian Friendship Hospital. Thematic analysis used the themes (corporeality, relationality, spatiality and temporality) to facilitate reflection on the meaning of participants' lived experiences.

Results:

Interviews were undertaken with 16 oncology nurses. The experience of the ‘erosion of nurses’ work when coping with anxious attachments to patients and families’ was the overarching theme in nurses’ views, characterised by five sub-themes: (1) inadequacy of PC training and resources, (2) serving humanity, (3) pride in their profession, (4) existential distress and the coping strategies used by nurses, and (5) reported stress and anxiety when caring for seriously ill patients and their families.

Conclusions:

The study sheds light on the challenges and powerful emotions experienced by oncology nurses who care for patients with advanced cancer, yet lack the necessary PC training and institutional resources. The findings indicate an urgent need for PC training for nurses within the Gazan healthcare system and other lower-income settings. Assessing nurses’ emotions and relationships with patients and family caregivers is imperative to enable optimum care for patients with cancer and to foster resilience among their nurses.
Klasik Türk Şiirinde Bir Geçiş Dönemi Olarak Evlilik
Authors: Yıldırım Oğuz , Uçar Pınar
Published: July 2024

Klasik Türk şiiri yerli ve millî olarak sosyal yaşamın bütün aşamalarını içerisinde barındırmış; halkın yaşayışını, örf ve adetlerini dile getirmiştir. Bu şiirin içerisinde sosyal yaşama dair pek çok orijinal içerik yer almaktadır. Şairler, bulundukları sosyal ve kültürel çevreden aldıkları ilhamı, kendi bilgi ve birikimleriyle birleştirmiş ve o toplumun gelecek kuşakları için bir nevi ses olmuşlardır. Bu bağlamda şairlerin toplum yaşantısından hareketle ele aldıkları konulardan biri de bir geçiş dönemi olarak kabul edilen evliliktir. Bir toplum yaşantısının devamlılığı ve neslin korunması için önem arz eden evlilik, genel manada toplum tarafından teşvik edilen bir hadisedir. Kadın ve erkeğin bir aile olarak sosyal hayata katılma zamanının başladığı bir süreç olan ve önem arz eden evlilik, insan soyunu diğer canlılardan ayırt eden bir davranış şeklidir. Kültür çevremizde tören, töre, gelenek, görenek ve inanç açısından bir hayli zengin olan evlilik uygulamaları ise içinde bulunduğu kültür zemininin kabul ettiği belli kurallara ve çeşitli kalıplara uygun bir şekilde gerçekleştirilir. Çalışmamızda, klasik Türk şiiri bünyesinde bulunan seçtiğimiz şairlerin divanlarından hareketle evliliğe dair çeşitli başlıklar oluşturulmuş ve beyitlerin açıklaması yapılarak klasik Türk şiirinin sosyal yaşamdan kopuk olmadığını göstermek amaçlanmıştır.
Orthopedic manifestations of Li-Fraumeni syndrome: Prevention and treatment of a polymorphic spectrum of malignancies
Authors: Cenci Giulia , Pace Valerio
Published: July 2024

Li-Fraumeni syndrome (LFS) is a rare hereditary cancer predisposition syndrome characterized by a heightened risk of developing various malignancies at an early age. Emerging evidence suggests a correlation between LFS and orthopedic manifestations, underscoring the importance of orthopedic screening in individuals with this syndrome. Pediatric cancer is rare. It is estimated that more than 10%-15% of tumors are secondary to a pathogenic variant in a cancer predisposition gene. More than 100 cancer predisposition genes and their association with syndromes or isolated tumors have been identified. LFS is one of those who have been most widely described. Patients with this syndrome present a high risk of developing one or more tumors. Its knowledge enables the establishment of a follow-up protocol for the patient and affected family members, facilitating early detection of new tumors and reducing tumor and treatment-related morbidity and mortality. The primary objective of this invited editorial article is to provide a thorough review of the existing knowledge of LFS and its polymorphic spectrum of related malignancies, with a focus on aspects directly linked to orthopedic manifestations. Another objective is to offer an update on the most modern prevention, treatment and follow up guidelines that could be useful for the physicians dealing with this cohort of patients.
Confocal laser endomicroscopy as a new diagnostic tool for poorly differentiated gastric adenocarcinoma
Authors: Evola Giuseppe , Vacante Marco , Evola Francesco R
Published: July 2024

Gastric cancer (GC) is a multifactorial disease, where both environmental and genetic features can have an impact on its occurrence and development. GC represents one of the leading causes of cancer-related deaths worldwide. GC is most frequent in males and is believed to arise from a series of premalignant lesions. The detection of GC at an early stage is crucial because early GC, which is an invasive stomach cancer confined to the mucosal or submucosal lining, may be curable with a reported 5-year survival rate of more than 90%. Advanced GC usually has a poor prognosis despite current treatment standards. The diagnostic efficacy of conventional endoscopy (with light endoscopy) is currently limited. Confocal laser endomicroscopy is a novel imaging technique that allows real-time in vivo histological examination of mucosal surfaces during endoscopy. Confocal laser endomicroscopy may be of great importance in the surveillance of precancerous gastric lesions and in the diagnosis of GC. In this editorial we commented on the article about this topic published by Lou et al in the recent issue of the World Journal of Clinical Cases .
Stage IV non-small cell lung cancer with multiple metastases to the small intestine leading to intussusception: A case report
Authors: Niu Qi-Guang , Huang Min-Hao , Kong Wei-Qi , Yu Yang
Published: July 2024

BACKGROUND

Gastrointestinal tract metastasis from lung cancer is rare and compared to small cell lung cancer (SCLC), non-SCLC (NSCLC) is even less likely to metastasize in this manner. Additionally, small intestinal tumors can also present with diverse complications, some of which require urgent intervention.

CASE SUMMARY

In this report, we detail a unique case of stage IV lung cancer, where the presence of small intestine tumors led to intussusception. Subsequent to a small intestine resection, pathology confirmed that all three tumors within the small intestine were metastases from adenocarcinoma of the lung. The postoperative follow-up period extended beyond 14 mo.

CONCLUSION

In patients with stage IV NSCLC, local tumor control can be achieved with various treatments. However, if small intestinal metastasis occurs, surgical intervention remains necessary, as it may improve survival.
Uterine artery pseudoaneurysm caused by hysteroscopic surgery: A case report
Authors: Kakinuma Kaoru , Kakinuma Toshiyuki , Ueyama Kyouhei , Okamoto Rora , Yanagida Kaoru , Takeshima Nobuhiro , Ohwada Michitaka
Published: July 2024

BACKGROUND

We report a case of uterine artery pseudoaneurysm (UAP) occurrence during hysteroscopic endometrial polypectomy and its treatment via uterine artery embolization (UAE).

CASE SUMMARY

A 48-year-old primigravid, primiparous patient was incidentally found to have an endometrial polyp during a health checkup, and underwent a hysteroscopic polypectomy at another hospital. Her cervix was dilated with a Laminken-R® device. After the Laminken-R® was withdrawn, a large amount of genital bleeding was observed. This bleeding persisted after the hysteroscopic polypectomy, and, as hemostasis became impossible, the patient was transferred to our hospital by ambulance. On arrival, transvaginal ultrasonography revealed a 3-cm hypoechoic mass with a swirling internal pulse on the right side of the uterus, and color Doppler ultrasonography showed feeder vessels penetrating the mass. Pelvic contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CT) confirmed the presence of a mass at this site, and vascular proliferation was observed within the uterine cavity. Consequently, UAP was diagnosed, and UAE was performed. The patient’s postoperative course was uneventful, and 6 mo post-UAE, no recurrence of blood flow to the UAP was observed.

CONCLUSION

When abnormal genital bleeding occurs during hysteroscopic surgery, ultrasonography and contrast-enhanced CT can assist in the detection of early UAPs.
Osmanlı Arşiv Belgeleri Işığında Tiran’daki Kiliselerin İnşa ve Onarım Faaliyetleri
Authors: Kavalçalan Enes
Published: July 2024

Tanzimat Fermanı’nın 1939 yılında ilanıyla birlikte gayrimüslimlerin ibadethane ve okul gibi yapıları inşa etmesini kolaylaştıran kararlar alınmıştır. Bunun üzerine gayrimüslimler de hazırladıkları projelerle yeni binalar inşa etmek üzere Osmanlı Devleti’ne başvuruda bulunmuş, uygun görüldüğü durumlarda bu başvurular için birer ruhsat hazırlanarak izin verilmiştir. Bu uygulamanın gerçekleştirildiği yerlerden biri ise Arnavutluk’un Tiran şehridir. Bu çalışmada Osmanlı Dönemi’nde Tiran’da yaşamış olan Hristiyanların kullandıkları ibadethaneler Cumhurbaşkanlığı Osmanlı Arşivi ışığında ortaya koymaya çalışılmıştır. Araştırmanın coğrafi sınırları bugünkü Tiran ilinin sınırlarını kapsamakta yani Tiran’ın merkezi ile Kavaye ilçesini içine almaktadır. Bu sınırlar dâhilinde 7 kilise tespit edilmiştir. Bu kiliselerin günümüze ulaşamamıştır. Dolayısıyla kiliselerin mimari özelliklerine dair bilgilerimiz de arşiv belgelerinin aktardıklarıyla sınırlı kalmaktadır. Bu konuda yalnızca Tiran’daki Rum kilisesinin fotoğrafı tespit edilebilmiştir. Conani köyündeki kilise için yapılmış olan çizimde ise yalnızca kiliseye ait olduğu iddia edilen iki duvar kalıntısı görülebilmektedir. Çalışma günümüze ulaşamamış olan kiliselerin tespit edilmesi aynı zamanda arşiv belgeleri ışığında döneminin kilise inşa ve onarım faaliyetlerini ortaya koyması açısından önem arz etmektedir. Ayrıca arşivdeki diğer belgeler vasıtasıyla Rusya’nın Ortodokslar Avusturya’nın ise Katolikler üzerinde tahakküm kurma çabaları da ortaya konmaya çalışılacaktır.
XIII. Yüzyılın Başlarından XV. Yüzyılın İlk Çeyreğine Kadar Antalya ve Çevresindeki Siyasi ve Askeri Mücadelelere Genel Bir Bakış
Authors: Alıç Samet
Published: July 2024

Anadolu’nun kadim şehirlerinden olan Antalya, bulunduğu stratejik konum itibari ile geçmiş toplumların ilgi odağında olmuştur. MÖ 1. yüzyılda bölge, önce Bergama Krallığı’nın sonra da Roma İmparatorluğu’nun hâkimiyetine girmiştir. Roma İmparatorluğu’nun ikiye ayrılmasının ardından bölge Bizans İmparatorluğu sınırları içerisinde kalmıştır. II. Haçlı Seferi sırasında bir süre Haçlıların üssü konumuna gelmiştir. Latinlerin İstanbul’u işgalinin ardından Aldobrandini, Antalya’ya hâkim olmuştur. I. Mesud döneminden itibaren Türkiye Selçukluları Antalya ve çevresindeki faaliyetlerini artırmışlardır. II. Kılıç Arslan döneminde Antalya kuşatılmış; ancak şehrin tam anlamıyla Türkiye Selçuklu topraklarına dâhil edilmesi I. Gıyaseddin Keyhüsrev döneminde gerçekleşmiştir. I. Gıyaseddin Keyhüsrev’in vefatından sonra meydana gelen taht kavgalarının ardından Antalya’nın hâkimiyeti Türklerin elinden çıksa da İzzeddin Keykavus’un Antalya’yı kuşatması ile şehir Türkiye Selçuklu idaresine yeniden girmiştir. Antalya ve çevresinde idari istikrar sağlanmış, bölge Selçuklu sultanlarının kışlık merkezlerinden biri haline gelmiştir. Kösedağ Savaşı’nın ardından Anadolu’nun siyasi istikrarı bozulmuştur.
Bu çalışmada, 1243 Kösedağ Savaşı ile Antalya ve çevresindeki siyasi istikrarın bozulmasından Osmanlıların Antalya ve çevresini 1423 yılında idare altına almalarına kadar geçen sürede meydana gelen Hamidoğulları, Tekeoğulları, Karamanoğulları, Kıbrıs Krallığı, Memlûkler ve Osmanlıların Antalya ve çevresine hâkim olma mücadeleleri incelenmiştir.
Kadın Yoğun Mesleklerde Çalışan Erkekler: Erkek Okul Öncesi Öğretmenliği Öğrencilerinin Mesleğe Yönelik Tutumları
Authors: Örki Hülya
Published: July 2024

Bu araştırma, okul öncesi öğretmen adaylarının mesleğe yönelme nedenlerini, toplumsal cinsiyet algılarının meslek seçimi üzerinde etkisini ve meslekleri hakkındaki görüşlerini ortaya koymayı amaçlamaktadır. Araştırma aynı zamanda erkeklerin alana dahil olmaya başlamasıyla yaşanan dönüşümü de irdelemeyi hedeflemektedir. Araştırmanın örneklemini Ağrı İbrahim Çeçen Üniversitesi Eğitim Fakültesi Okul Öncesi Öğretmenliği Anabilim Dalı’nda öğrenim görmekte olan toplam 163 öğrenci oluşturmaktadır. Nicel yöntemin benimsendiği araştırmada, örneklem grubuna anket uygulanmış elde edilen veriler SPSS programıyla analiz edilmiştir. Bulgulara göre, öğrencilerin mesleği bilinçli bir şekilde, kolay atama ve iş imkanları nedeniyle tercih ettikleri, doğuştan sahip olduklarına inanılan özelliklerinden dolayı mesleği kadınların daha iyi yapacağını düşündükleri; kadın öğrencilerin erkeklerin yöneticilik gibi eril konumlara yönelmesini destekledikleri; öğrencilerin erkeklere atfedilen özelliklerden dolayı meslekte avantajlı olacaklarını ancak yine aynı özelliklerden ve velilerin bakış açısından dolayı dezavantajlar yaşayacaklarını düşündükleri sonucuna ulaşılmıştır.
Antakya (Antiokheia) Kent Kazısında Bulunan Bir Grup Orta Çağ İslami Sikke
Authors: Kaya Mustafa
Published: July 2024

Bu makalede, günümüzde Hatay’ın merkez ilçesi Antakya’da, Hatay Arkeoloji Müzesi tarafından 2011/2012 yılında 4642 parsel arkeolojik kazılarında bulunan 17 sikke incelenmiştir. Sikkeler, ilk defa bu araştırmada detaylı şekilde incelenmiş ve içerikleri çözümlenmiştir. İncelenen 17 sikkeden; 5’i Abbasi, 7’si Büveyhî ve 5’i ise Sâmânî dönemine aittir. Bu makalede, Antakya’nın İslami dönem sikke çalışmalarına yönelik bilimsel çalışmaların az olması ve bölgenin çok az bilinen Orta Çağ İslami dönemini sikkeler ışığında ortaya koymak amaçlanmıştır. Ayrıca, sikkelerin bastırıldığı; hükümdar, dönem, tarihi olaylar, şehir ile irtibatları irdelenmiş ve İslam sikkeleri içerisindeki yeri ve önemine değinilmiştir. Abbasi sikkeleri 9. yüzyıl sonları ile 10. yüzyıl yarılarına, Sâmânî sikkeleri 10. yüzyıl başları ile yarılarına ve Büveyhî sikkeleri ise 10. yüzyıl yarıları ve sonlarına tarihlendirilmiştir. Sikkeler, üç farklı devlete ait olup, 12 farklı İslam şehir darphanesinde basılmıştır. Tamamı, gümüş (dirhem) olan sikkeler, çekiçle darp tekniğinde darp olunmuştur. Sikkelerin, darphane isimlerinden hareketle, Abbasi hâkimiyetindeki Antakya’ya İpek Yolu ticareti veya askeri seferler ile ulaştığı anlaşılmaktadır.
Visualizing Black Telephone Users: Technological Whiteness and Racial Exclusion in Bell System Advertising
Authors: Lauer Josh
Published: July 2024

abstract: This study considers the broad implications of white technological modernity as a mode of symbolic and systemic exclusion. The visual absence of Black telephone users in mass-market advertising—and the struggle to make them visible—underscores the exclusionary power of technological whiteness and its lasting effects on conceptions of Black technology users, communities, and innovation. In the first half of the twentieth century, American Telephone and Telegraph (AT&T) tirelessly promoted its national telephone network as a model of technological progress and universal service, but this vision did not include African Americans. This article examines the historical exclusion of African Americans in Bell System advertising and the emergence of Black telephone users in advertising imagery during the 1950s and 1960s, drawing attention to the civil rights work of Ramon S. Scruggs, the first African American to rise to Bell System upper management.
Demonstration of symbol timing synchronization for rolling shutter-based optical camera communication
Authors: Higa Akito , Hisano Daisuke , Nakayama Yu
Published: July 2024

Optical camera communication (OCC) provides license-free communication channels without radio waves. The rolling shutter mechanism is expected to enhance the capacity of wireless links in OCC. However, signal erasure occurs due to waiting times between frames in consecutive signal transmission. To address this issue, we propose a symbol timing synchronization for OCC using a rolling shutter camera. The receiver camera synchronizes to the transmitter with additional waiting time which is computed based on the defined preamble signals. We analyzed the performance to clarify the theoretical limit. The feasibility of the proposed idea was confirmed with experimental results.
Effect of core geometry on the channel capacity of a multimode optical fiber
Authors: Uppu Ravitej , Hammer Henry
Published: July 2024

We employ complex wavefront shaping methods to investigate the frequency correlations of multimode interference in circular and rectilinear core geometry fibers. Our measurements reveal an up to 40% increase in the frequency correlation bandwidth in rectilinear core fibers compared to conventional circular core fibers commonly used for spatial-multiplexed optical communication. We show that harnessing this increased frequency correlation bandwidth can improve the channel capacity of optical communication by over 20%. This enhancement and the convenient rectilinear core geometry could find immediate application as chip-to-chip interconnects in scaling up photonic quantum processors.
Emergent effects of synaptic connectivity on the dynamics of global and local slow waves in a large-scale thalamocortical network model of the human brain
Authors: Marsh Brianna , Navas-Zuloaga M. Gabriela , Rosen Burke Q. , Sokolov Yury , Delanois Jean Erik , Gonzalez Oscar C. , Krishnan Giri P. , Halgren Eric , Bazhenov Maxim
Published: July 2024

Slow-wave sleep (SWS), characterized by slow oscillations (SOs, <1Hz) of alternating active and silent states in the thalamocortical network, is a primary brain state during Non-Rapid Eye Movement (NREM) sleep. In the last two decades, the traditional view of SWS as a global and uniform whole-brain state has been challenged by a growing body of evidence indicating that SO can be local and can coexist with wake-like activity. However, the mechanisms by which global and local SOs arise from micro-scale neuronal dynamics and network connectivity remain poorly understood. We developed a multi-scale, biophysically realistic human whole-brain thalamocortical network model capable of transitioning between the awake state and SWS, and we investigated the role of connectivity in the spatio-temporal dynamics of sleep SO. We found that the overall strength and a relative balance between long and short-range synaptic connections determined the network state. Importantly, for a range of synaptic strengths, the model demonstrated complex mixed SO states, where periods of synchronized global slow-wave activity were intermittent with the periods of asynchronous local slow-waves. An increase in the overall synaptic strength led to synchronized global SO, while a decrease in synaptic connectivity produced only local slow-waves that would not propagate beyond local areas. These results were compared to human data to validate probable models of biophysically realistic SO. The model producing mixed states provided the best match to the spatial coherence profile and the functional connectivity estimated from human subjects. These findings shed light on how the spatio-temporal properties of SO emerge from local and global cortical connectivity and provide a framework for further exploring the mechanisms and functions of SWS in health and disease.
Implementation of Glucose-6-Phosphate Dehydrogenase (G6PD) testing for Plasmodium vivax case management, a mixed method study from Cambodia
Authors: Cassidy-Seyoum Sarah A. , Chheng Keoratha , Chanpheakdey Phal , Meershoek Agnes , Hsiang Michelle S. , von Seidlein Lorenz , Tripura Rupam , Adhikari Bipin , Ley Benedikt , Price Ric N. , Lek Dysoley , Engel Nora , Thriemer Kamala
Published: July 2024

Plasmodium vivax remains a challenge for malaria elimination since it forms dormant liver stages (hypnozoites) that can reactivate after initial infection. 8-aminoquinolone drugs kill hypnozoites but can cause severe hemolysis in individuals with Glucose-6-Phosphate Dehydrogenase (G6PD) deficiency. The STANDARD G6PD test (Biosensor) is a novel point-of-care diagnostic capable of identifying G6PD deficiency prior to treatment. In 2021, Cambodia implemented the Biosensor to facilitate radical cure treatment for vivax malaria. To assess the Biosensor’s implementation after its national rollout, a mixed-methods study was conducted in eight districts across three provinces in Cambodia. Interviews, focus group discussions, and observations explored stakeholders’ experiences with G6PD testing and factors influencing its implementation. Quantitative data illustrative of test implementation were gathered from routine surveillance forms and key proportions derived. Qualitative data were analyzed thematically. The main challenge to implementing G6PD testing was that only 49.2% (437/888) of eligible patients reached health centers for G6PD testing following malaria diagnosis by community health workers. Factors influencing this included road conditions and long distances to the health center, compounded by the cost of seeking further care and patients’ perceptions of vivax malaria and its treatment. 93.9% (790/841) of eligible vivax malaria patients who successfully completed referral (429/434) and directly presented to the health center (360/407) were G6PD tested. Key enabling factors included the test’s acceptability among health workers and their understanding of the rationale for testing. Only 36.5% (443/1213) of eligible vivax episodes appropriately received primaquine. 70.5% (165/234) of female patients and all children under 20 kilograms never received primaquine. Our findings suggest that access to radical cure requires robust infrastructure and income security, which would likely improve referral rates to health centers enabling access. Bringing treatment closer to patients, through community health workers and nuanced community engagement, would improve access to curative treatment of vivax malaria.
Prevalence and associated factors of last dental visit and teeth cleaning frequency in Bangladesh, Bhutan, and Nepal: Findings from nationally representative surveys
Authors: Gupta Rajat Das , Haider Shams Shabab , Jahan Shah Saif , Islam Md. Irteja , Mazumder Ananna , Zafar Muhammad Sohail , Siddika Nazeeba , Apu Ehsanul Hoque
Published: July 2024

This study evaluated the prevalence and frequency of teeth cleaning and last dental visits, along with associated socio-demographic factors, among residents of Bangladesh, Bhutan, and Nepal. The World Health Organization (WHO) STEPwise approach to surveillance (STEPS) survey data from Bangladesh (N = 8,164), Bhutan (N = 5,374) and Nepal (N = 5,371) were analyzed. After descriptive analysis, a multivariable multilevel logistic regression was conducted to identify the factors associated with oral hygiene. The following variables were considered as outcomes of interest: daily teeth cleaning frequency and visitation to the oral healthcare providers in the last six/twelve months at the time of data collection. Bangladesh had the highest proportion of respondents who cleaned their teeth at least once or twice a day, while Nepal had the lowest. Bhutan had the highest proportion of respondents who visited a dentist within the last six months (10.5%) or 12 months (16.0%). Almost 94.5% of Nepalese participants never visited a dentist. Participants of older age, who were females and had increased educational attainment, were more likely to follow oral hygiene measures. The populations of all the countries included in the study show poor adherence to oral hygiene practices. Health promotion programs should raise awareness regarding the advantages of regular teeth cleaning and dental check-ups.
Digital transformation and enterprise resilience: Enabling or burdening?
Authors: Li Cheng , Wang Yewen
Published: July 2024

Based on data from A-share listed companies from 2007 to 2021, this study constructs an enterprise resilience index using the entropy-weighted TOPSIS method. On this basis, the impact of digital transformation on enterprise resilience is examined through empowerment theory. The empirical results indicate that digital transformation significantly enhances enterprise resilience, a conclusion that remains valid after a series of robustness tests. Mechanism analysis reveals that digital transformation enhances enterprise resilience by reducing agency costs, increasing information transparency, and alleviating financing constraints. Heterogeneity analysis shows that micro-characteristics of enterprises, such as the stage of the life cycle and factor intensity, as well as macro-environmental factors like regional intellectual property rights protection and industry competition level, have differential impacts on the resilience-enhancing effects of digital transformation. Further analysis suggests that the level of corporate governance influences the positive impact of digital transformation on enterprise resilience.
Chemical mutagenesis of Listeria monocytogenes for increased tolerance to benzalkonium chloride shows independent genetic underpinnings and off-target antibiotic resistance
Authors: Bechtel Tyler D. , Hershelman Julia , Ghoshal Mrinalini , McLandsborough Lynne , Gibbons John G.
Published: July 2024

Listeria monocytogenes, a potentially fatal foodborne pathogen commonly found in food processing facilities, creates a significant economic burden that totals more than $2 billion annually in the United States due to outbreaks. Quaternary ammonium compounds (QACs), including benzalkonium chloride (BAC), are among the most widely used sanitizers to inhibit the growth and spread of L. monocytogenes from food processing facilities. However, resistance to QACs has been increasing in L. monocytogenes and different genetic mechanisms conferring resistance have been discovered. Here, we used ethyl methanesulfonate (EMS) to chemically mutagenize the BAC-susceptible strain, L. monocytogenes FSL-N1-304. We isolated two mutants with increased tolerance to BAC compared to the parental strain. Next, we assessed the off-target effect of increased tolerance to BAC by measuring the minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of a diverse set of antibiotics, revealing that mut-1 and mut-2 displayed significantly increased resistance to fluoroquinolone antibiotics compared to the parental strain. A hemolysis assay was then used to investigate a potential correlation between BAC tolerance and virulence. Interestingly, mut-1 and mut-2 both exhibited significantly higher hemolysis percentage than the parental strain. We then sequenced the genomes of the parental strain and both mutants to identify mutations that may be involved in the increased resistance to BAC. We identified 3 and 29 mutations in mut-1 and mut-2, respectively. mut-1 contained nonsynonymous mutations in dagK (a diacylglycerol kinase), lmo2768 (a permease-encoding gene), and lmo0186 (resuscitation promoting factor). mut-2 contained a nonsense mutation in the nucleotide excision repair enzyme UvrABC system protein B encoding gene, uvrB, which likely accounts for the higher number of mutations observed. Transcriptome analysis in the presence of BAC revealed that genes related to the phosphotransferase system and internalins were up-regulated in both mutants, suggesting their significance in the BAC stress response. These two mutants provide insights into alternative mechanisms for increased BAC tolerance and could further our understanding of how L. monocytogenes persists in the food processing environment.
Molecular characterization of the circadian clock in patients with Parkinson’s disease–CLOCK4PD Study protocol
Authors: Yalçin Müge , Peralta Ana Rita , Bentes Carla , Silva Cristiana , Guerreiro Tiago , Ferreira Joaquim J. , Relógio Angela
Published: July 2024

Introduction

Circadian rhythms (CRs) orchestrate intrinsic 24-hour oscillations which synchronize an organism’s physiology and behaviour with respect to daily cycles. CR disruptions have been linked to Parkinson’s Disease (PD), the second most prevalent neurodegenerative disorder globally, and are associated to several PD-symptoms such as sleep disturbances. Studying molecular changes of CR offers a potential avenue for unravelling novel insights into the PD progression, symptoms, and can be further used for optimization of treatment strategies. Yet, a comprehensive characterization of the alterations at the molecular expression level for core-clock and clock-controlled genes in PD is still missing.

Methods and analysis

The proposed study protocol will be used to characterize expression profiles of circadian genes obtained from saliva samples in PD patients and controls. For this purpose, 20 healthy controls and 70 PD patients will be recruited. Data from clinical assessment, questionnaires, actigraphy tracking and polysomnography will be collected and clinical evaluations will be repeated as a follow-up in one-year time. We plan to carry out sub-group analyses considering several clinical factors (e.g., biological sex, treatment dosages, or fluctuation of symptoms), and to correlate reflected changes in CR of measured genes with distinct PD phenotypes (diffuse malignant and mild/motor-predominant). Additionally, using NanoStringⓇ multiplex technology on a subset of samples, we aim to further explore potential CR alterations in hundreds of genes involved in neuropathology pathways.

Discussion

CLOCK4PD is a mono-centric, non-interventional observational study aiming at the molecular characterization of CR alterations in PD. We further plan to determine physiological modifications in sleep and activity patterns, and clinical factors correlating with the observed CR changes. Our study may provide valuable insights into the intricate interplay between CR and PD with a potential to be used as a predictor of circadian alterations reflecting distinct disease phenotypes, symptoms, and progression outcomes.
Feasibility and safety of ultrasound-guided percutaneous transhepatic measurement of portal venous pressure
Authors: Hu Yanshan , Duan Shaobo , Zhang Ye , Hao Liuwei , Wang Shuaiyang , Xue Fei , Zhang Kewei , Zhu Yadong , Zhang Lianzhong
Published: July 2024

Background and objective

The measurement of portal venous pressure (PVP) has been extensively studied, primarily through indirect methods. However, the potential of ultrasound-guided percutaneous transhepatic PVP measurement as a direct method has been largely unexplored. This study aimed to investigate the accuracy, safety, and feasibility of this approach.

Methods

In vitro, the experiment aimed to select a needle that could accurately transmit pressure, had a small inner diameter and was suitable for liver puncture, and performed on 20 healthy New Zealand white rabbits. An ultrasound-guided percutaneous transhepatic portal vein puncture was undertaken to measure PVP. Additionally, free hepatic venous pressure (FHVP) and wedged hepatic venous pressure (WHVP) were measured under digital subtraction angiography (DSA). The correlation between the two methods was assessed. Enroll study participants from October 18, 2023 to November 11, 2023 with written informed consent. Five patients were measured the PVP under ultrasound guidance before surgery to determine the feasibility of this measurement method.

Results

There was no significant difference in the results obtained using 9 different types of needles (P > 0.05). This demonstrated a great repeatability (P < 0.05). The 22G chiba needle with small inner diameter, allowing for accurate pressure transmission and suitable for liver puncture, was utilized for percutaneous transhepatic PVP measurement. There were positive correlations between PVP and HVPG (r = 0.881), PVP and WHVP (r = 0.709), HVPG and WHVP (r = 0.729), IVCP and FHVP (r = 0.572). The PVP was accurately and safely measured in 5 patients with segmental hepatectomy. No complications could be identified during postoperative ultrasound.

Conclusion

Percutaneous transhepatic portal venous puncture under ultrasound guidance is accurate, safe and feasible to measure portal venous pressure.

Clinical trial registration number

This study has been registered in the Chinese Clinical Trial Registry with registration number ChiCTR2300076751.