bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Towards Large-Scale Collaborative Planning: Answering High-Level Search Queries Using Human Computation
Authors: Law Edith , Zhang Haoqi
Published: June 2022

Behind every search query is a high-level mission that the user wants to accomplish.  While current search engines can often provide relevant information in response to well-specified queries, they place the heavy burden of making a plan for achieving a mission on the user. We take the alternative approach of tackling users' high-level missions directly by introducing a human computation system that generates simple plans, by decomposing a mission into goals and retrieving search results tailored to each goal. Results show that our system is able to provide users with diverse, actionable search results and useful roadmaps for accomplishing their missions.
Hybrid Qualitative Simulation of Military Operations
Authors: Hinrichs Thomas , Forbus Kenneth , DeKleer Johan , Yoon Sungwook , Jones Eric , Hyland Robert , Wilson Jason
Published: June 2022

Our goal is to enable military planners to rapidly critique alternative battle plans by simulating multiple outcomes of adversarial plans. We describe a novel simulator, SimPath, that combines qualitative reasoning, a geographic information system (GIS), and targeted probabilistic calculations to envision how adversarial battle plans can play out. We outline the problem and describe the overall operation of the simulator. We then explain how qualitative process theory is extended with actions to model military tasks, how envisioning is factored to reduce combinatorial explosions, and how probabilities are computed for transitions and used to filter possibilities. Empirical results, including an experiment conducted by an independent evaluator, are summarized. The results show that it is possible to identify dozens of possible outcomes on each of 9 combinations of adversarial plans (COAs) in under two minutes. We close with a discussion of future work.
Using Quantitative Information to Improve Analogical Matching Between Sketches
Authors: Chang Maria , Forbus Kenneth
Published: June 2022

Qualitative representations are suitable for sketch understanding systems because they highlight important relationships while leaving out details that are not essential for conceptual understanding. These representations can be used to perform spatial analogies between sketches, which determine qualitative similarities and differences. However, there are cases where including quantitative information is necessary for accurately representing a sketch. We describe a method for using quantitative information to constrain qualitative spatial analogies. The utility of this method is demonstrated in the context of a sketch based educational software system. Importantly, using quantitative information to improve analogical matches is not domain specific. It can be used in any situation where qualitative and quantitative spatial information must be combined to accurately interpret a sketch. This approach has the potential to improve sketch understanding in educational software applications for highly spatial domains.
Using POMDPs to Control an Accuracy-Processing Time Trade-Off in Video Surveillance
Authors: Kapoor Komal , Amato Christopher , Srivastava Nisheeth , Schrater Paul
Published: June 2022

With rapid profusion of video data, automated surveillance and intrusion detection is becoming closer to reality. In order to provide timely responses while limiting false alarms, an intrusion detection system must balance resources (e.g., time) and accuracy. In this paper, we show how such a system can be modeled with a partially observable Markov decision process (POMDP), representing possible computer vision filters and their costs in a way that is similar to human vision systems. The POMDP representation can be optimized to produce a dynamic sequence of operations and achieve a tradeoff between time and detection quality, taking into account uncertainty in the filter predictions. In a set of experiments on actual video data, we show that our method can both outperform static “expert” models and scale to large dynamic domains. These results suggest that our method could be used in real-world intrusion detection systems.
Multiple Hypothesis Object Tracking For Unsupervised Self-Learning: An Ocean Eddy Tracking Application
Authors: Faghmous James , Uluyol Muhammed , Styles Luke , Le Matthew , Mithal Varun , Boriah Shyam , Kumar Vipin
Published: June 2022

Mesoscale ocean eddies transport heat, salt, energy, and nutrients across oceans. As a result, accurately identifying and tracking such phenomena are crucial for understanding ocean dynamics and marine ecosystem sustainability. Traditionally, ocean eddies are monitored through two phases: identification and tracking. A major challenge for such an approach is that the tracking phase is dependent on the performance of the identification scheme, which can be susceptible to noise and sampling errors. In this paper, we focus on tracking, and introduce the concept of multiple hypothesis assignment (MHA), which extends traditional multiple hypothesis tracking for cases where the features tracked are noisy or uncertain. Under this scheme, features are assigned to multiple potential tracks, and the final assignment is deferred until more data are available to make a relatively unambiguous decision. Unlike the most widely used methods in the eddy tracking literature, MHA uses contextual spatio-temporal information to take corrective measures autonomously on the detection step a pos- teriori and performs significantly better in the presence of noise. This study is also the first to empirically analyze the relative robustness of eddy tracking algorithms.
Robust Network Design For Multispecies Conservation
Authors: Le Bras Ronan , Dilkina Bistra , Xue Yexiang , Gomes Carla , McKelvey Kevin , Schwartz Michael , Montgomery Claire
Published: June 2022

Our work is motivated by an important network design application in computational sustainability concerning wildlife conservation. In the face of human development and climate change, it is important that conservation plans for protecting landscape connectivity exhibit certain level of robustness. While previous work has focused on conservation strategies that result in a connected network of habitat reserves, the robustness of the proposed solutions has not been taken into account. In order to address this important aspect, we formalize the problem as a node-weighted bi-criteria network design problem with connectivity requirements on the number of disjoint paths between pairs of nodes. While in most previous work on survivable network design the objective is to minimize the cost of the selected network, our goal is to optimize the quality of the selected paths within a specified budget, while meeting the connectivity requirements. We characterize the complexity of the problem under different restrictions. We provide a mixed-integer programming encoding that allows for finding solutions with optimality guarantees, as well as a hybrid local search method with better scaling behavior but no guarantees. We evaluate the typical-case performance of our approaches using a synthetic benchmark, and apply them to a large-scale real-world network design problem concerning the conservation of wolverine and lynx populations in the U.S. Rocky Mountains (Montana).
An Optimal Task Assignment Policy and Performance Diagnosis Strategy for Heterogeneous Hadoop Cluster
Authors: Gupta Shekhar
Published: June 2022

The goal of the proposed research is to improve the performance of Hadoop-based software running on a heterogeneous cluster. My approach lies in the intersection of machine learning, scheduling and diagnosis. We mainly focus on heterogeneous Hadoop clusters and try to improve the performance by implementing a more efficient scheduler for this class of cluster.
The Wisdom of Crowds in Bioinformatics: What Can We Learn (and Gain) from Ensemble Predictions?
Authors: Recamonde Mendoza Mariana , Bazzan Ana Lúcia
Published: June 2022

The combination of distinct algorithms expertise to improve prediction accuracy, inspired by the theory of wisdom of crowds, has been increasingly discussed in literature. However, its application to bioinformatics-related tasks is still in its infancy. This thesis aims at investigating the potential and limitations of ensemble-based solutions for two bioinformatics prediction tasks, namely inference of gene regulatory networks and prediction of microRNAs targets, as well as propose new integration methods. We approach this by considering heterogeneity in the contexts of data and methods, and adopting machine learning methods and concepts from multiagent systems, such as social choice functions, for integration purposes.
Distribution Kernel Methods for Multiple-Instance Learning
Authors: Doran Gary
Published: June 2022

I propose to investigate learning in the multiple-instance (MI) framework as a problem of learning from distributions. In many MI applications, bags of instances can be thought of as samples from bag-generating distributions. Recent kernel approaches for learning from distributions have the potential to be successfully applied to these domains and other MI learning problems. Understanding when distribution-based techniques work for MI learning will lead to new theoretical insights, improved algorithms, and more accurate solutions for real-world problems.
Awards
Authors: Hamilton Carol
Published: June 2022

List of awards presented at AAAI-13.
Concurrent Reasoning with Inference Graphs
Authors: Schlegel Daniel , Shapiro Stuart
Published: June 2022

Since their popularity began to rise in the mid-2000s there has been significant growth in the number of multi-core and multi-processor computers available. Knowledge representation systems using logical inference have been slow to embrace this new technology. We present the concept of inference graphs, a natural deduction inference system which scales well on multi-core and multi-processor machines. Inference graphs enhance propositional graphs by treating propositional nodes as tasks which can be scheduled to operate upon messages sent between nodes via the arcs that already exist as part of the propositional graph representation. The use of scheduling heuristics within a prioritized message passing architecture allows inference graphs to perform very well in forward, backward, bi-directional, and focused reasoning. Tests demonstrate the usefulness of our scheduling heuristics, and show significant speedup in both best case and worst case inference scenarios as the number of processors increases.
Crowd Formalization of Action Conditions
Authors: Lasecki Walter , Weingard Leon , Bigham Jefffrey , Ferguson George
Published: June 2022

Training intelligent systems is a time consuming and costly process that often limits their application to real-world problems. Prior work in crowdsourcing has attempted to compensate for this challenge by generating sets of labeled training data for machine learning algorithms. In this work, we seek to move beyond collecting just statistical data and explore how to gather structured, relational representations of a scenario using the crowd. We focus on activity recognition because of its broad applicability, high level of variation between individual instances, and difficulty of training systems a priori. We present ARchitect, a system that uses the crowd to ascertain pre and post conditions for actions observed in a video and find relations between actions. Our ultimate goal is to identify multiple valid execution paths from a single set of observations, which suggests one-off learning from the crowd is possible.
A Kernel Density Estimate-Based Approach to Component Goodness Modeling
Authors: Cardoso Nuno , Abreu Rui
Published: June 2022

Intermittent fault localization approaches account for the fact that faulty components may fail intermittently by considering a parameter (known as goodness) that quantifies the probability that faulty components may still exhibit correct behavior. Current, state-of-the-art approaches (1) assume that this goodness probability is context independent and (2) do not provide means for integrating past diagnosis experience in the diagnostic mechanism. In this paper, we present a novel approach, coined Non-linear Feedback-based Goodness Estimate (NFGE), that uses kernel density estimations (KDE) to address such limitations. We evaluated the approach with both synthetic and real data, yielding lower estimation errors, thus increasing the diagnosis performance.
Liberal Safety for Answer Set Programs with External Sources
Authors: Eiter Thomas , Fink Michael , Krennwallner Thomas , Redl Christoph
Published: June 2022

Answer set programs with external source access may introduce new constants that are not present in the program, which is known as value invention. As naive value invention leads to programs with infinite grounding and answer sets, syntactic safety criteria are imposed on programs. However, traditional criteria are in many cases unnecessarily strong and limit expressiveness. We present liberal domain-expansion (de-) safe programs, a novel generic class of answer set programs with external source access that has a finite grounding and allows for value invention. De-safe programs use so-called term bounding functions as a parameter for modular instantiation with concrete—e.g., syntactic or semantic or both—safety criteria. This ensures extensibility of the approach in the future. We provide concrete instances of the framework and develop an operator that can be used for computing a finite grounding. Finally, we discuss related notions of safety from the literature, and show that our approach is strictly more expressive.
GiSS: Combining Gibbs Sampling and SampleSearch for Inference in Mixed Probabilistic and Deterministic Graphical Models
Authors: Venugopal Deepak , Gogate Vibhav
Published: June 2022

Mixed probabilistic and deterministic graphical models are ubiquitous in real-world applications. Unfortunately, Gibbs sampling, a popular MCMC technique, does not converge to the correct answers in presence of determinism and therefore cannot be used for inference in such models. In this paper, we propose to remedy this problem by combining Gibbs sampling with SampleSearch, an advanced importance sampling technique which leverages complete SAT/CSP solvers to generate high quality samples from hard deterministic spaces. We call the resulting algorithm, GiSS. Unlike Gibbs sampling which yields unweighted samples, GiSS yields weighted samples. Computing these weights exactly can be computationally expensive and therefore we propose several approximations. We show that our approximate weighting schemes yield consistent estimates and demonstrate experimentally that GiSS is competitive in terms of accuracy with state-of-the-art algorithms such as SampleSearch, MC-SAT and Belief propagation.
Extending STR to a Higher-Order Consistency
Authors: Lecoutre Christophe , Paparrizou Anastasia , Stergiou Kostas
Published: June 2022

One of the most widely studied classes of constraints in constraint programming (CP) is that of table constraints. Numerousspecialized filtering algorithms, enforcing the wellknown property called generalized arc consistency (GAC),have been developed for such constraints. Among the most successful GAC algorithms for table constraints, we find variants of simple tabular reduction (STR), like STR2. In this paper,we propose an extension of STR-based algorithms that achieves full pairwise consistency (FPWC), a consistency stronger than GAC and max restricted pairwise consistency (maxRPWC). Our approach involves counting the number of occurrences of specific combinations of values in constraint intersections. Importantly, the worst-case time complexity of one call to the basic filtering procedure at the heart of our new algorithm is quite close to that of STR algorithms. Experiments demonstrate that our method can outperform STR2 in many classes of problems, being significantly faster in some cases. Also, it is clearly superior to maxRPWC+, an algorithm that has been recently proposed.
Vesselness Features and the Inverse Compositional AAM for Robust Face Recognition Using Thermal IR
Authors: Ghiass Reza , Arandjelovic Ognjen , Bendada Hakim , Maldague Xavier
Published: June 2022

Over the course of the last decade, infrared (IR) and particularly thermal IR imaging based face recognition has emerged as a promising complement to conventional, visible spectrum based approaches which continue to struggle when applied in the real world. While inherently insensitive to visible spectrum illumination changes, IR images introduce specific challenges of their own, most notably sensitivity to factors which affect facial heat emission patterns, e.g. emotional state, ambient temperature, and alcohol intake. In addition, facial expression and pose changes are more difficult to correct in IR images because they are less rich in high frequency detail which is an important cue for fitting any deformable model. In this paper we describe a novel method which addresses these major challenges. Specifically, to normalize for pose and facial expression changes we generate a synthetic frontal image of a face in a canonical, neutral facial expression from an image of the face in an arbitrary pose and facial expression. This is achieved by piecewise affine warping which follows active appearance model (AAM) fitting. This is the first publication which explores the use of an AAM on thermal IR images; we propose a pre-processing step which enhances detail in thermal images, making AAM convergence faster and more accurate. To overcome the problem of thermal IR image sensitivity to the exact pattern of facial temperature emissions we describe a representation based on reliable anatomical features. In contrast to previous approaches, our representation is not binary; rather, our method accounts for the reliability of the extracted features. This makes the proposed representation much more robust both to pose and scale changes. The effectiveness of the proposed approach is demonstrated on the largest public database of thermal IR images of faces on which it achieved 100% identification rate, significantly outperforming previously described methods.
USI Answers: Natural Language Question Answering Over (Semi-) Structured Industry Data
Authors: Waltinger Ulli , Tecuci Dan , Olteanu Mihaela , Mocanu Vlad , Sullivan Sean
Published: June 2022

This paper describes USI Answers a natural language question answering system for semi-structured industry data. The paper reports on the progress towards the goal of offering easy access to enterprise data to a large number of business users, most of whom are not familiar with the specific syntax or semantics of the underlying data sources. Additional complications come from the nature of the data, which comes both as structured and unstructured. The proposed solution allows users to express questions in natural language, makes apparent the system’s interpretation of the query, and allows easy query adjustment and reformulation. The application is in use by more than 1500 users from Siemens Energy. We evaluate our approach on a data set consisting of fleet data.
SEPIA: A Scalable Game Environment for Artificial Intelligence Teaching and Research
Authors: Sosnowski Scott , Ernsberger Tim , Cao Feng , Ray Soumya
Published: June 2022

We describe a game environment we have developed that we call the Strategy Engine for Programming Intelligent Agents (SEPIA). SEPIA is based on real-time strategy games, but modified extensively to preferentially support the development of artificial agents rather than human play. Through flexible configuration options, SEPIA is designed to be pedagogically scalable: suitable for use at the undergraduate and graduate levels, and also as a research testbed. We also describe assignments and our experiences with this environment in undergraduate and graduate classes.
Towards Better Variational Encoder-Decoders in Seq2Seq Tasks
Authors: Shen Xiaoyu , Su Hui
Published: June 2022

Variational encoder-decoders have shown promising results in seq2seq tasks. However, the training process is known difficult to be controlled because latent variables tend to be ignored while decoding. In this paper, we thoroughly analyze the reason behind this training difficulty, compare different ways of alleviating it and propose a new framework that helps significantly improve the overall performance.
A Novel Embedding Method for News Diffusion Prediction
Authors: Liu Ruoran , Li Qiudan , Wang Can , Wang Lei , Zeng Daniel
Published: June 2022

News diffusion prediction aims to predict a sequence of news sites which will quote a particular piece of news. Most of previous propagation models make efforts to estimate propagation probabilities along observed links and ignore the characteristics of news diffusion processes, and they fail to capture the implicit relationships between news sites. In this paper, we propose an algorithm to model the news diffusion processes in a continuous space and take the attributes of news into account. Experiments performed on a real-world news dataset show that our model can take advantage of news’ attributes and predict news diffusion accurately.
Effects of residual carbon on the synthesis of 1.1 nm tobermorite from coal gasification ash
Authors: Luo Feng , Wei Cundi , Jiang Yinshan
Published: June 2022

Coal gasification ash (CGA) is a solid waste produced by coal gasification. It can be used to produce autoclaved building materials because tobermorite, the main hydration product in such materials, can be formed from CGA and calcium oxide (CaO). In this study, tobermorite was prepared through the hydrothermal treatment of CGA. Given that residual carbon is usually present to some degree in CGA, its effects on the formation of tobermorite were specifically studied using X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and nitrogen adsorption–desorption tests. The results showed that tobermorite can be prepared from a CGA/calcium oxide mixture at 160°C without additional alkaline material. However, residual carbon can retard the transformation of calcium silicate hydrate into tobermorite and thus increase the required formation temperature while prolonging the formation time. With an increase in the residual carbon content, the morphology of the resulting tobermorite changes from needle-like and plate-like to irregular, which may also have a detrimental effect on the mechanical properties of the material.
Efectos de las realidades sociales en la literatura ecuatoriana de la generación del 30. La voz del indígena representada en Huasipungo de Jorge Icaza
Authors: Calderón Reza Pamela Lilian , Abad Durazno Patricia Judith , Noboa Guzhñay Diana Carolina , Reza Suárez Lilian Betty ,   Universidad de Guayaquil
Published: June 2022

El presente texto académico-literario tiene su origen en la investigación realizada por la Ingeniera Pamela Lilian Calderón Reza, en la Universidad de Oberta, Cataluña-España, mientras cursaba sus estudios por el Máster Universitario en Humanidades: Arte, Literatura y Cultura Contemporáneas, acompañada de connotadas docentes: de las bellas artes en danza clásica, psicología educativa y educación.
If they must, they will: Children overcommit to likeliness inferences from deontic modals
Authors: Cournane Ailís , Veselinović Dunja
Published: June 2022

Modal verbs like must express two distinct non-actual meanings: deontic (e.g. obligation) and epistemic (e.g. likelihood inference). How do young children understand these modals? What factors affect their interpretation as deontic or epistemic? We report a picture preference task testing preschool children‟s interpretations of Bosnian/Croatian/Serbian (BCS) morati 'must' as deontic or epistemic. Prior work on English must shows that despite an early deontic comprehension bias at age 3, by age 5 children have flipped to a strong epistemic bias, including constructions for which adults prefer deontic interpretations (must + eventive verbs). However, properties of English leave open multiple explanations for this non-adult behaviour, as must is primarily epistemic in the input, and must + eventive verb constructions can also receive epistemic interpretations. BCS morati provides a natural comparison: morati is overwhelmingly deontic in the input, and BCS syntax provides categorical cues to deontic versus epistemic interpretation. Our results show that BCS children are more adult-like at age 3 than English children, a difference we attribute to clearer syntactic cues to flavour in BCS. But, by age 5, BCS children behave like English counterparts, selecting epistemic scenes even for constructions that are deontic-only in BCS. We argue this cross-linguistic result is best explained pragmatically: deontic uses of both morati and must invite a likelihood inference that obligations will be normatively carried out. This inference was first proposed to explain diachronic meaning changes from root > epistemic. We show older preschool children commit to this likelihood inference more than adults.
Lexical access in Portuguese stress
Authors: Garcia Guilherme Duarte , Guzzo Natália Brambatti
Published: June 2022

Categorical approaches to lexical stress typically assume that words have either regular or irregular stress, and imply that only the latter needs to be stored in the lexicon, while the former can be derived by rule. In this paper, we compare these two groups of words in a lexical decision task in Portuguese to examine whether the dichotomy in question affects lexical retrieval latencies in native speakers, which could indirectly reveal different processing patterns. Our results show no statistically credible effect of stress regularity on reaction times, even when lexical frequency, neighborhood density, and phonotactic probability are taken into consideration. The lack of an effect is consistent with a probabilistic approach to stress, not with a categorical (traditional) approach where syllables are either light or heavy and stress is either regular or irregular. We show that the posterior distribution of credible effect sizes of regularity is almost entirely within the region of practical equivalence, which provides strong evidence that no effect of regularity exists in the lexical decision data modelled. Frequency and phonotactic probability, in contrast, showed statistically credible effects given the experimental data modelled, which is consistent with the literature.
John Garvin and Brian O’Nolan in Civil Service: Bureaucratic, Joycean Modernism
Authors: LaBine Joseph , Harris Tobias W
Published: June 2022

This article examines the intellectual exchange and literary collaboration between John Garvin and Brian O’Nolan, exploring the dynamics of their relationship on three different levels. Professionally, Garvin was O’Nolan’s superior when O’Nolan joined the Irish Civil Service in 1935, and he remained an influential senior figure in their department until O’Nolan left in 1953. On a literary level, Garvin read an early draft of the At Swim-Two-Birds manuscript and provided its epigraph (sourced from Euripides’s Heracles), receiving editorial input from O’Nolan on his published writing on James Joyce in return. Socially, Garvin and O’Nolan belonged to an intellectual circle (including R. M. Smyllie, Alec Newman, Donagh MacDonagh, and Niall Montgomery) which brought together journalists, writers, and other Dublin professionals in the Palace Bar. This article argues for the significance of these collaborations by using first-hand accounts, letters, journalism, and critical work, including Garvin’s 1976 book, James Joyce’s Disunited Kingdom and the Irish Dimension. In doing so, the article reconstructs a dialogue that took place between bureaucratic methods of state administration and the aesthetic strategies of modernism, with Joyce at its centre, an exchange that shaped O’Nolan’s poetics and exerted influence over his circle.
Bureaucratic Sorceries in The Third Policeman: Anthropological Perspectives on Magic and Officialdom
Authors: Irimia Alexandra
Published: June 2022

This article discusses The Third Policeman through the lens of a dialectic of enchantment and disenchantment that is firmly anchored in the history of anthropological discourse on bureaucracy (Malinowski, Lévi-Strauss, Tambiah, Herzfeld, Graeber, Jones). From this angle, Flann O’Brien’s novel is examined as an aesthetic illustration of an essentially anthropological argument: although bureaucracy has been described as an eminently rational form of social systematisation, regulation, and control (since Weber), it also functions, paradoxically, as a symbolic site for irrationality and supernatural occurrences, haunted by madness, mystery, and delusion. The novel is intriguing partly due to its nonchalant, humorous entwining of seemingly incompatible imageries (in this case, magic and officialdom) – a strategy that proves effective not only for creating fantastic ambiguity, but also for reworking a predilect theme of bureaucratic fiction: the coexistence of rational and irrational modes of thinking, in an infinite circling around the absurd oddities of an incomprehensible Law and the impenetrable opacity of its higher powers.
NOMİNAL-REEL FAİZ AYRIMI ÇERÇEVESİNDE İSLÂM'DA FAİZ YASAĞININ KAPSAMINI YENİDEN DÜŞÜNMEK
Authors: ALBAYRAK Seyyit Ali
Published: June 2022

Faiz meselesinin en az insanlık tarihi kadar eski olduğunu söylemek mümkündür. Faiz, çok boyutlu sosyal bir mesele olmasından dolayı tarih boyunca insanları meşgul etmiştir. Faizin sosyal yaşama etkileri; ekonomik, ahlaki ve dini yönden kendisini göstermektedir. Bundan ötürü tarih boyunca din adamları, iktisatçılar ve filozoflar başta olmak üzere uzmanlar faiz konusuyla meşgul olmuşlar; faizin kişilere, topluma ve ahlâka olan etkileri üzerine fikir beyan etmişlerdir. Faizin iktisatçılar ve İslâm alimleri tarafından yapılan birçok farklı tanımı olduğu bilinmektedir. Bu farklı tanımlamalar konunun anlaşılmasını güçleştirmektedir. Kur’ân’da faiz konusunun işlendiği ayetlerde geçen ribâ kavramının İslâm iktisadı alanında çalışma yapanlar tarafından “faiz” kavramıyla eş anlamlı olarak kullanılması çalışmamızın problemini oluşturmaktadır. Çalışmamızda faiz ve çeşitlerine yer vererek faiz ve ribâ ayrımı üzerine bir inceleme yapmayı hedeflemekteyiz. Bu ayrımı reel pozitif faiz ve nominal faiz özelinde temellendirmeye çalışacağız. İslâm iktisadı literatüründeki faiz ve ribâ kavramlarının doğru kullanımına katkı sağlaması çalışmamızın önemini ortaya koymaktadır.
THE ROLE OF AIR TEMPERATURE IN THE INCIDENCE OF CORONAVIRUS INFECTION
Authors:   Kazan (Volga Region) Federal University, Khannanova Zemphira I.
Published: June 2022

The study is aimed at solving an urgent problem of our time – obtaining new knowledge about the influence of various factors on the epidemiological situation in a particular region. An attempt was made to identify a possible statistical dependence of the epidemiological situation in the study region and meteorological factors (air temperature). To achieve the purpose of the study, the author used the archive of instrumental observations from the Roshydromet network of meteorological stations and official statistics of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation. In the course of the study, an analysis was performed of the time series of the incidence of the new coronavirus infection SARS-CoV-2 and the series of meteorological parameters. Along with the series on the number of cases, data on the number of confirmed deaths from SARS-CoV-2 were involved. The author revealed statistical relationships between the incidence of the coronavirus infection in the Republic of Tatarstan and air temperature. The incubation period of the disease was taken into account by shifting the initial series relative to each other. A temporal delay in the incidence of SARS-CoV-2 relative to changes in air temperature was found; analysis of the results obtained is provided. The author’s calculations indicate a statistically significant relationship between the number of detected cases and the average daily air temperature; a regression dependence was obtained. The reliability of the obtained results is due to the length of the accumulated series, which include daily data on the incidence for a period of one year. Uncertainty in the series of initial data of meteorological statistics can be explained by the introduction and subsequent strengthening of anti-epidemiological measures. The study can be continued as the series length increases and the coverage of the considered factors expands.
Da Contestação à Reflexão Sobre Patrimónios Culturais e Históricos
Authors: Costa Pedro Rodrigues
Published: June 2022

O livro Patrimónios Contestados reúne 10 textos em torno do tema do património enquanto convenção construída, histórica e socialmente. Numa altura em que estão acesas as controvérsias acerca dos processos de descolonização cultural, este livro apresenta diversos contributos para pensar as transformações tanto nos modos de encarar os processos de descolonização cultural como nas práticas a adotar para a concretização desse processo. Trata-se de uma contribuição sustentada em pontos de vista variados, assente em visões nacionais e internacionais deste fenómeno sociológico...
Kayıp Poetika: Tractatus Coislinianus’ta (Coislin Risalesi) Mizah Düşüncesi
Authors: ARICI Oğuz
Published: June 2022

Aristoteles’in Poetika eserinin ikinci bir cildinin olup olmadığı bir muammadır. Kimilerine göre ikinci rulo hiçbir zaman yazılmamış, Aristoteles Poetika’daki incelemesini tragedya ve destan üzerine yoğunlaşarak tamamlamıştır. Kimilerine göreyse metin eksiktir çünkü Aristoteles komedya ve satir üzerine bir inceleme yapacağını vaat etmiştir. Şayet ikinci kitap yazıldıysa akıbetinin ne olduğu da bir başka tartışma konusudur. Kimilerine göre kaybolmuş, kimilerine göre içeriği değersiz bulunduğu için önemsenmemiş, kimilerine göreyse tam tersine içeriği çok tehlikeli bulunduğu için kopyalanmasına izin verilmemiş ve özellikle yok edilmiştir. Zaman zaman Atlantis efsanesi gibi bahsedilen kayıp rulo, Umberto Eco’nun Gülün Adı adlı romanına da bu tehlikeli yanıyla konu olmuştur. 1839 yılında John Anthony Cramer adında bir klasik edebiyat uzmanı tarafından Paris Ulusal Kütüphanesinde keşfedilen ve Tractatus Coislinianus (Coislin Risalesi) adı verilen el yazmalarının Aristoteles’in Poetika adlı eserinin kayıp kısmı olup olmadığı konusunda bir tartışma vardır. Söz konusu el yazmaları Poetika’nın yapısına oldukça benzerlik gösterir. Tıpkı Poetika’da olduğu gibi burada da metin, önce poiesis ve mimesis gibi genel kategorilerden başlayıp alt türlere odaklanır. Poetika’nın tragedya ve epos çözümlemesine benzer bir şekilde el yazması metnin odağında da ‘gülünç olan’ ve gülüncün teknikleri yer almaktadır. Bu makalede Risale’nin, Aristoteles’in külliyatındaki, özellikle Poetika’daki fikirleriyle benzeşen yerleri tespit edilmeye ve metnin tamamındaki mizah düşüncesi bu bağlamda tartışılmaya çalışılmıştır.
GİRESUN KÜLTÜR ARAŞTIRMALARINDA BİR DEĞER: HAYRETTİN GÜNAY VE ÇALIŞMALARI
Authors: YILDIZ İlkyaz
Published: June 2022

Türk halk bilimi ürünleri tarih boyunca siyasi, sosyal, iktisadi pek çok sebebe bağlı olarak değişmiş, dönüşmüş hatta bazen unutulmuştur. Bu kayıpların önüne geçmek amacıyla gerek yurtiçinde gerek yurtdışında birçok uzman araştırmacı halk bilimi ürünlerini kayıt altına almış, önemli halk bilimi araştırmaları yapmışlardır. Uzman araştırmacıların dışında halk bilimi araştırmalarına ilgi duyan, gönüllü incelemeler yapan yerel halk bilimi araştırmacıları da vardır. İlgili literatür tarandığı zaman uzman araştırmacılar hakkında çeşitli kitaplara, tezlere, makalelere, bildirilere rastlamak mümkündür. Ancak yerel halk bilimi araştırmacıları hakkında yapılan çalışmalar ne yazık ki yok denecek kadar azdır. Bu nedenle halk bilimi çalışmalarına yıllarını veren, derleme çalışmaları yapan, kültürel incelemelerde bulunan pek çok araştırmacı vefatının ardından unutulmakta, çalışmaları kaybolmaktadır. Bu çalışmada, önemli yerel folklor araştırmacılarından birisi olan Hayrettin Günay’ın yaşamı ve halk bilimi alanında gerçekleştirmiş olduğu çalışmalar üzerinde durulmuştur. Hayrettin Günay’ın, başta Yeşilgiresun gazetesi olmak üzere, çeşitli yayın organlarında yayımlanmış halk edebiyatı, halk müziği, kemençecilik geleneği, halk oyunları, geçiş dönemleri, geleneksel avcılık, şenlik ve festivaller, çocuk oyunları, halk dili, halk botaniği, el sanatları konulu çalışmaları ele alınarak incelenmiştir. Bu doğrultuda; araştırmanın amacı, mahalli bir folklor araştırmacısı olan Hayrettin Günay’ın halk bilimi çalışmalarını sunmak, bu çalışmaları incelemek ve böylece araştırmacının Türk Halk Bilimi’ne katkısını gözler önüne sererek literatüre kazandırmaktır.
PEYAMİ SAFA’NIN AHLAK ANLAYIŞI İÇİNDE GÜNAH KAVRAMI
Authors: KIRBAŞ Ufuk , ARSLAN Nihayet
Published: June 2022

Ahlak, doğrunun ve yanlışın ne olduğunu tanımlayan ve bu noktada belirli kurallar koyan bir ilimdir. Bu kurallar, din merkezli olmayan ahlak anlayışlarında zamana ve mekâna göre değişebilmektedir. Din temelli ahlak kuralları ise evrenseldir ve değişmez niteliklere sahiptir. Bu yazıda, dinsel bir norm olan günah kavramının Peyami Safa’nın ahlak anlayışını biçimlendiren ölçütlerden biri olup olmadığı araştırılmıştır. Romanlarında kişilerini ve eylemlerini ahlaki boyutta ele aldığı belirgin olan yazarın ilk bakışta topluma sağlayacağı yarardan ötürü millî ahlakı benimsemiş olduğu anlaşılır. Türk toplumunun millî ahlakını oluşturan temel ögenin ise din olduğu konusunda şüphe yoktur. Bu çerçevede, yazarın yazılarından elde edilen ipuçlarından hareketle romanlarında günah kavramını nasıl işlediği sorusu önem kazanmaktadır. Peyami Safa romanlarında, Doğu ve Batı medeniyeti arasında kalmış, ahlaki açıdan yozlaşmış insanları anlatmıştır. Yazarın bu perspektif içinde romanlarını oluştururken yozlaşmayı sorgulamasının arka planında günah kavramının itici bir güç olup olmadığı araştırmaya değer bir soru olarak görülmüştür. Dolayısıyla bu çalışma, Peyami Safa’nın ahlak anlayışı içinde günah kavramının yerini ve etkisini tespit etmeyi amaçlamaktadır.
[RETRACTED] Guardian Blood Balance Australia (ALERT SCAM) Does This Botanicals Blood Balance Formula Really Works? Read Shocking Report! v1
Authors: not provided guardianbloodbalanceaust
Published: June 2022

[RETRACTED]

Guardian Blood Balance is available in capsule form. The capsules are made in the United States in a GMP certified facility and FDA-approved location. This ensures that they are free from contaminants and adhere to high quality standards.
Effect of COVID-19 Movement Control Order Policy on Water Quality Changes in Sungai Langat, Malaysia Within Distinct Land Use Areas
Authors: Muhammad Rendana Muhammad Rendana , Idris Wan Mohd Razi , Abd Rahim Sahibin
Published: June 2022

For the first time in the 21st century, many nations have been forced to conduct a lockdown that restricts their industrial, transportation, and social activities to avoid the extensive COVID-19 spread. Therefore, our study aimed to analyze the status of water quality that was measured by suspended particulate matter (SPM) in Sungai Langat, Selangor, Malaysia using the remote sensing technique. The study was concerned with rivers located in distinct land-use areas such as high-density urban, low-density urban, and agricultural areas. The study period included before and after movement control order (MCO) periods that occurred in February 2020 and February 2021, respectively. The SPM levels in each period were calculated using the remote sensing technique through Landsat-8 OLI images then they were analyzed using statistical analysis. The results of the remote sensing technique showed the highest decrease of SPM levels during the MCO period was observed in Sungai Langat within a high-density urban area (34.1%). Then, the SPM levels in all Sungai Langat raised significantly after the MCO period with the highest change at 31.6%. Rainfall and erosion factors had a significant impact on the SPM level through natural processes but the COVID-19 restriction had a direct impact on the SPM level due to the restriction of industrial and social activities. The suspended activities have made the lower emission compared with before the COVID-19 period in 2019.
KAMUSAL ALANDA KADIN GÖRÜNÜRLÜĞÜ: SÜSLÜ KADINLAR BİSİKLET TURU
Authors: Mertol Hüseyin , Ergün Yunus , İsak Nesibe , Dalçiçek Esra , Kaya Nisa G.
Published: June 2022

Son yüzyılda hızla artan nüfus ile birlikte kentlerin büyümesi, artan araç sayısı ulaşımda trafik problemini ortaya çıkartmıştır. Trafik sorununun ortadan kalkmasını için birçok çözüm yolu bulunmaktadır. Bu çözüm yollarından biri de çevreci bir ulaşım aracı olan bisiklettir. Bu çalışmada egzoz gazlarının azaltılması için bisiklet kullanım oranının artırılması amacıyla yola çıkan bir farkındalık hareketi olan “Süslü Kadınlar Bisiklet Turu” etkinliği incelenmiştir. Bu farkındalık hareketi çevreci bir amaçla yola çıksa da ikinci bir amaca daha hizmet etmektedir: toplumda kadını görünür kılmak.
Araştırmada odak grup görüşme tekniği uygulanmış, “Süslü Kadınlar Bisiklet Turu” farkındalık hareketine katılan farklı yaş, meslek ve şehirlerdeki 12 kadın ile görüşülmüştür. Görüşmede daha önceden hazırlanan 7 soru gruba yöneltilmiş ve cevaplar not alınarak, analiz edilmiştir. İzmir’de “Otomobilsiz Kentler Günü’nde başlayan farkındalık hareketi önce tüm Türkiye’ye, ardından da Dünya’ya yayılarak amacına ulaşmaya devam etmektedir. Bu hareket kadınların toplumda daha görünür hale gelmesine, bisiklet kullanım oranlarında artışa, bisiklet yollarının düzenlenmesi ve yapılmasına hız verilmesine yol açmıştır. Yapılacak olan yollar, verilecek olan eğitim ile birlikte hava kirliliğine yol açan araçlar yerine temiz, çevreci ulaşım araçlarının kullanılması sürdürülebilir bir gelecek için önem arz etmektedir.
Reading Habit in the Internet Era*
Authors: Sridhar M. S.
Published: June 2022

The Internet and the digital revolution have deeply and sharply divided users into ‘digital immigrants’ and ‘digital natives’ with linguistic whateverism. The society is more image based than text and chat-based than reading. Reading habit is neither unambiguously definable nor accurately measurable. Proxy measures like book-buying, visiting, and borrowing from library, citations and downloads, self-reporting opinion is used to assess reading habit. Aliteracy is a predominant characteristic of the Internet era. The digital technology and the Internet have substantially affected the reading process as well as reading habit. Our ability to concentrate and read or think deeply is destroyed by digital distractions. It looks like there is a decline in reading habit due to the onslaught of electronic media. Despite increase in leisure time and income as well as considerable increase in expenditure on other forms of entertainment there is no corresponding increase in the expenditure on reading materials. The typical nature of digital reading as against print reading is characterized by convenience, devoting less time, reading shorter texts, impatience, etc, with certain values of online users as well as cognitive behaviour of students. There is a need for continuing the reading habit of print era in the digital era. Even in scholarly reading, it is imminent that the thoroughness of reading is sacrificed for speed and quantity as more and more read only shorter articles or abstracts.
Librarians: It’s Time to Redesign Librarianship
Authors: Ady Dawn
Published: June 2022

The article surveys a few aspects of librarians’ work in light of current events and trends; as library collections become more digitalized than print, virtual librarianship may take the place of conventional work settings; further claims are that librarians are uniquely qualified to take on society’s information literacy problem. Potentially embedding on popular Internet platforms, librarians can help Internet users improve their information discernment skills, so they are better able to find information and identify inaccuracies in the forms of misinformation, disinformation, propaganda, and to be cognizant of confirmation bias.
A Study on The Necessity and Method of Improving Life Sensitivity as a Way to Overcome Addiction Society
Authors:   Research Institute For Life And Culture Sogang University, Cho June ho
Published: June 2022

Addiction society is an expression of the view of our society as an addict. The life of a civilization captured by tools, technology, money, organization (system), and writing causes the person to lose self as life. Instead, it leads to a mechanical life, leading to a lack of life sensibility such as various deficiencies, anxiety, obsession, and indulgence. Such vital susceptibility deficiency symptoms are also pointed out as the cause of addiction. Therefore, this study investigated the relationship between life and addiction, civilization and society, addiction society, and life susceptibility as a response to the addiction society, and suggested the necessity and method of improving the sensitivity of life. In addition, it was intended to propose an understanding of addiction from the perspective of life in our society where studies and policies to manage addiction as a disease are dominant.
Factors Affecting Self-harm Behavior of Middle School Students: Irrational Belief, Dysfunctional Anger Expression, Suicide Accident, and Structural Relationship Model of Cognitive Emotion Control
Authors:   Research Institute For Life And Culture Sogang University, CHOE WON SEOK
Published: June 2022

This study examines the effects of irrational beliefs, dysfunctional anger expressions, suicide accidents and cognitive emotional control on self-harm behaviors in middle school students and to help change middle school students' irrational beliefs. As a result of examining the structural relationship model, it was confirmed that irrational beliefs of middle school students increased self-harm behavior, but the effects of dysfunctional anger expression and suicide accidents on self-harm behaviors could be affected by adaptive, maladaptive and cognitive emotional control. Adaptive cognitive emotion control increases self-harm behavior by increasing the positive effects on dysfunctional anger and suicidal thoughts, and adaptive cognitive emotional control positively affects dysfunctional anger expression, suicidal thoughts and self-harm Negative effects on behavior lower suicidal thoughts and reduce self-harm behavior. These results indicate that adaptive cognitive emotion regulation reduces the negative effects on self-harm behavior.
A Research on Kuo Chih-Yuan’s Ancient Poetry and Art Song “Liangzhou Ci”
Authors: Li Yue , Sun Huiling , Han Jiang
Published: June 2022

Kuo Chih-Yuan was a famous composer in China Taiwan. He was the pioneer of modern music in China Taiwan and was highly recognized in the music industry. His had written a number of art songs, Hokkien songs, children’s songs, and folk songs adapted with vocal works, as well as instrumental works, including piano music, embodying them with strong local characteristics of orchestral suites, operas, musicals, and choral. From the perspective of “Liangzhou Ci,” a creative ancient poetry and art song, this paper expounds Kuo Chih-Yuan’s creative rules and aesthetic principles by sorting out and collecting relevant materials, analyzing the tonality of his works, and making a comparative study of the changes in intervals, rhythm, and musical structure. This paper further refines the characteristics of ancient poetry and art songs in terms of singing, as well as the humanistic characteristics and historical implications that need to be highlighted when interpreting ancient poetry and art songs, in hope to provide useful reference for vocal music teaching and performance.