bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Possibilities of improving the technique of controlled transosseous osteosynthesis in the conditions of anatomical experiment
Authors: Lapynin Alexander I. , Guryanov Andrey M. , Kim Valery I. , Lapynin Dmitry A.
Published: April 2023

The possibilities of improving controlled transosseous osteosynthesis in anatomical experiment by changing the design of the external fixation apparatus by individualizing the design of the apparatus, ensuring accurate dynamic reposition of bone fragments, and establishing more effective X-ray control using X-ray transparent elements of the external fixation apparatus design are considered. The study was performed under wet preparations of an isolated femur of ten rabbits with a bone diaphysis fracture created. The original compressiondistraction apparatus of external fixation developed was experimentally approved. In all experiments, an accurate comparison of bone fragments was obtained by dynamic reposition owing to the use of autonomous hinge modules and the presence of an individualized base module located in the pathological focus of the bone structure. The study showed the need to individualize the size of the design of the elements of the device. This is because the damaged limb does not have the correct cylindrical shape, unlike the shape of the apparatus. Changing the morphometric parameters of the damaged limb segment during osteosynthesis requires a specific individual geometry of the base module. The individualization of the shape and size of the base module should provide for the possibility of implementing the stages of moving fragments of bone structures, individual in each case. The dimensions of the X-ray transparent plastic ring or the shape of the hinge module close to the ring should correspond to the geometric dimensions of the limb segment at the fracture site and subsequently when correcting the position of bone fragments in each individual case. The most often optimal is the distance from the supports of the device to the surface of the limb segment of 5 cm, which determines the geometric dimensions of the individualized base module. In general, the directions of further improvement of the hardware of the technique of controlled transosseous osteosynthesis are determined. The effectiveness of X-ray control owing to the use of X-ray transparent structural elements of the device is shown. It has been revealed that in the conditions of anatomical experiment, controlled transosseous osteosynthesis may be more effective by improving the hardware owing to the individualization of the structural elements of the apparatus in combination with the use of autonomous hinge modules.
The role of viruses in cell transformation and oncogenesis
Authors: Moskalev Alexander V. , Gumilevsky Boris Yu. , Apchel Vasiliy Ya. , Tsygan Vasiliy N.
Published: April 2023

The data of modern scientific literature characterizing individual mechanisms of transformation of normal cells and various stages of oncogenesis associated with viruses were analyzed. The data of sequencing of tumor genomes and amino acid sequences indicate that most tumors are a consequence of the accumulation of sequential mutations, a significant contribution to the formation of which was made by oncogenic viruses. Processes that alter or impair the functioning of signaling pathways can contribute to transformation and oncogenesis. The phosphorylation of the ribosomal protein S6 by protein kinase B, which increases the speed, and prolongs the translation time, is critical in oncogenesis. Protein kinase B inhibits the processes of apoptosis, participates in the regulation of the cell cycle, and regulates tissue growth; an increased level of this protein is found in various tumors. Transformation and tumor-associated processes are the result of a combination of dominant mutations with increased function of proto-oncogenes and recessive mutations with a loss of function of tumor suppressor genes encoding proteins that block cell cycle progression. The function of any gene product can be altered by oncogenic viruses. Transforming proteins alter cell proliferation with a limited set of molecular mechanisms. The integration of proviral deoxyribonucleic acid in a specific region of the cellular genome contributes to the induction of tumor-associated processes by non-transductive viruses. Cellular oncogenes induce signaling at various stages of the cell cycle, which ultimately leads to its dysregulation and progression. In cell transformation, the interaction of E1A viral proteins with tumor suppressors RB, histone acetyltransferase p300/CVR, and inhibitors of cyclin-dependent kinases p27 and p21 is crucial. Virus-transforming proteins have various properties, from changing the sequences of primary amino acids to inducing various variants of biochemical activity. Most tumors induced by non-transductive retroviruses result from increased transcription of cellular genes (myc) located in close proximity to integrated proviruses. Latent membrane protein 1 is an integral protein of the plasma membrane and functions as a constitutively active receptor and facilitates the transition from a latent course of infection to a lytic one. In the absence of a ligand, this protein oligomerizes, and activates proteins that control cell proliferation and survival.
Analysis of mortality among patients suffering from heart failure, using the example of a megalopolis
Authors: Koltsov Andrew V. , Tyrenko Vadim V. , Kachnov Vasilii A.
Published: April 2023

The medical documentation (n = 146912) introduced into the system Regional fragment of the unified state information system in the field of healthcare of Saint Petersburg for 20192021 was analyzed. To evaluate the mortality of patients due to heart failure, all deceased patients from 2019 to 2021 in Saint Petersburg (n = 192133) were taken as a basis, and based on a thorough study of medical documentation, patients who died from cardiovascular diseases and because of heart failure were singled out separately. The total mortality from all causes in Saint Petersburg in 2019 was 53025 people; in 2020, 66468 people; and in 2021, 72640 people. The analysis of mortality due to cardiovascular diseases from 2019 to 2021 showed an upward trend of 20.1% over the 3-year period of data analysis. When analyzing the prevalence of heart failure among deceased patients, an increase of 129.4% was noted over this period. The obtained results of the prevalence, mortality, and mortality of patients due to heart failure on the example of a megalopolis are the most relevant at the current time; they indicate a steady increase in the number of patients suffering from heart failure with an increase in the burden on the citys healthcare system. Simultaneously, there is insufficient continuity in the provision of medical care to patients suffering from heart failure, which is because of not only a shortage of medical personnel at all stages of medical care but also insufficient compliance of patients who either do not want to be treated or cannot continue treatment. Moreover, a significant disconnect was found in the continuity of medical care at the stages of pre-hospital and hospital treatment, as well as further outpatient follow-up of patients suffering from heart failure in the metropolis. All this leads to a significant increase in the mortality and mortality of patients suffering from heart failure, despite all the existing modern effective drug therapies. It appears critical to create a unified register platform for recording patients with heart failure, which will allow for a more accurate understanding of epidemiological aspects, the solution of which will improve the quality of medical care, identify the need for the crucial medicines, and reduce mortality, and mortality rates due to heart failure.
Features of the anatomical structure of the wedge-shaped sinus in various age periods in children and in adolescence
Authors: Gaivoronsky Ivan V. , Markeeva Marina V. , Aleshkina Olga Yu. , Tarasova Natalia V. , Gaivoronsky Alexey I. , Kochetygova Olga V.
Published: April 2023

The possibility of morphometric variability of parameters and variant anatomy of the sphenoid sinus at different age periods in children and adolescents was considered based on computed tomography data. Further, 425 computer tomograms of the head area of children and young people between the ages of 1 and 21 years, regardless of sex, were studied. According to the accepted age periodization, the studied material was divided into six age periods. The development of pneumatization of the sinuses is detected at the age of 11.5 years and continues in adolescence. The shape of the sinuses changes with age accordingly with increase in its pneumatization: in 11.5 and 23 years, the sphenoid sinus has only a precellular shape and in adolescence, the post-cellular shape prevails. The linear parameters of sphenoid sinus are minimal at 11.5 years (height, 1.7 mm; width, 1.7 mm; length, 1,3 mm) and 23 years (height, 6.7 mm; width, 5 mm; length, 5.1 mm). The sinus significantly grows in all directions at age 47. Hyperpneumatization of sphenoid sinuses with formation of side pockets is defined from 47 years in four variants: 1, maxillary; 2, lower-sided; 3, rostral; and 4, wing-shaped. In adolescence, there are all pockets of sphenoid sinuses, which are described in the manuals. The frequency of occurrence of intra-sinus septum increases with age; in almost all cases, incomplete bone intra-sinus septum is found. Onodi cells are found in almost each age group; their presence does not depend on the age of the child. If they are present, the spread of pneumatization of the lattice maze into adjacent surrounding anatomical structures is noted. When planning endonasal surgery on the sphenoid sinus in children and adolescents, the morphometric anatomy of the nasal cavity, variant anatomy of the structure of the sphenoid sinuses, and nearby structures of the inner base of the skull should be studied in detail.
Admiral Cornelius Kruis, the foundation of the Baltic Fleet and the Naval Hospital of St. Petersburg
Authors: Milasheva Natalia V. , Ovchinnikov Dmitrii V. , Samoilov Vladimir O.
Published: April 2023

The role of Admiral Cornelius Kruys (16551727), one of the closest, and loyal associates of Peter the Great, who stood at the foundation of the regular Russian navy, was considered. Kruys was recruited into the Russian duty by Peter I in 1698 with the rank of Vice Admiral and devoted his entire life to serve in Russia and the Russian fleet. Having extensive professional experience and knowledge of maritime affairs, Kruys played a special role in organizing, building, and arming the Baltic fleet according to the European model. Taking over access to the sea, Russia became one of the greatest maritime powers of Europe.
The article is based on a large amount of documentary material from the funds of the Russian State Naval Archive (Saint Petersburg). All the reforms of Peter I were focused on the formation and development of Russia along the European path, which include implementation of the advanced achievements of Europe in the field of military and naval affairs, science, technology, construction, culture, and medicine. The main time of the reign of Peter I falls in the period of the Great Northern War between Russia and Sweden (17001721). The Sovereign always paid special attention to the organization of the regular army and navyand recruiting the best military specialists from the leading European countries for this purpose. In the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries in European countries, the military medical service, hospitals, and infirmaries were an integral part of the army and navy. Such an organization of the armed forces of Russia was necessary for Peter I. On October 30, 1704, Vice Admiral Kruys presented the project of organization and construction of the Baltic fleet to Peter I. The project contained A list of needs for His Royal Majestys ship fleet: in the sovereignty of the government of Ingermonland, which should be hastily prepared to fill stores. Along with a list of the necessary marine specialists, materials, and equipment for the construction and equipment for ships, Kruys emphasized the need for the simultaneous establishment of a Naval Hospital or a clinic for at least 500600 patients for the personnel of the Ingrian Navy (zelo potrebno yest). This critical project was approved by the Sovereign and was soon put into production. The birth of the Naval (Admiralty) Hospital of Saint Petersburg took place simultaneously with the Baltic fleet. Since then, the Naval Hospital has become an integral part of the Russian Navy. On November 5, 1704, the Admiralty fortress-shipyard was laid in Saint Petersburg, and soon the construction of the Baltic fleet under the control and leadership of Kruys was launched.
Simulation analysis and experimental investigation of wire rope leakage magnetic field detection
Authors: Wang Hong-Yao , Tian Jie , Tian Zhuang , Guo Hong-Fei , Ma Jian-Wu , Wang Yang-Yang
Published: April 2023

As a key bearing component, steel wire ropes suffer from partial wire breakage, broken strands and other types of damage during long-term continuous use. In this study, a magnetic flux circuit was constructed around a wire rope, an excitation detection device and an air gap. The relationship
between the direction and angle of the magnetic line of force on the damaged end face was analysed and the waveforms of the inverted U-shaped and M-shaped leakage flux signals and their transition intervals were determined. Following this, focusing on the influence of factors such as the length
of the damage, the cross-sectional area and the lift-off value on the magnetic flux leakage signal, the changes in the wave width and the peak value under different variables were analysed and the distribution law of the leakage magnetic field around the wire rope damage under different control
variables was determined.
Study on fault diagnosis of ultra-low-speed rolling bearings based on full vector sound spectrogram
Authors: Chen Yuanling , Jin Yaguang , Wan Qiang , Liu Yuan
Published: April 2023

By exploring the mapping relationship between the multi-directional data and fault characteristics of bearings, a time-frequency analysis method for considering the multi-directional acoustic emission (AE) data of bearings is proposed. Firstly, using the full vector spectrum (FVS) theory,
the full vector sound spectrogram of the dual-channel AE signal of a bearing is extracted to enhance the representation of the fault state using time-frequency characteristics. Then, the obtained full vector sound spectrogram is transformed into a specific size as the input feature map and
a convolutional neural network (CNN) classifier model is established. Next, the Softmax classifier is used to classify the bearing faults in order to realise the intelligent fault diagnosis of an ultra-low-speed rolling bearing. The comparison of the different models shows that the average
recognition accuracy using the full vector sound spectrogram CNN model can reach 95.61%, which is better than the other three methods. The feature extraction using the full vector sound spectrogram feature analysis method has a high degree of recognition for bearing faults in an ultra-low-speed
state and can provide high accuracy and stability under noisy conditions.
Neither Defense nor Security. The Myth of Illegal Chinese Fishing in the Argentine Sea and the Implementation of an Interagency Policy
Authors: Eissa Sergio Gabriel
Published: April 2023

This paper analyzes the design of an interagency public policy between the Ministry of Defense and the Ministry of Security of the Argentine Republic to address the problem of “illegal” fishing in the South Atlantic. The design and implementation of this policy, through the Federal Security Force, the Argentine Naval Prefecture and the Joint Maritime Command, was the result of the normative framework and the clash of interests between those agencies and not a consequence of a securitization process promoted, mainly, by the United States, as a response to the participation of the People’s Republic of China in different regional issues, among them, fishing in Latin America.
Issues and tasks of the public history in Korea
Authors:   The Korean Society For German History, Lee Dong-Ki
Published: April 2023

In the first half of the 21st century, the commemoration and remembrance of 20th century history has overflowed into the public sphere. As different as the fields of public history are, so are their points of contention. The term “consuming history” does not capture the phenomenon. The older concept of “popularising history” prevents the understanding of the phenomenon. Understanding public history as “historiography by citizens” buries public history initiatives and interests from above, from politics and administration. Public history does not simply apply or express in public the historical truth that is the result of academic historical research, but it is a historical account in its own right. Issues and tasks continue to accumulate around it. The ethics of the practice of public history should also be revealed. Public history should be accepted as part of university history research and education. Public history is the “area of responsibility” of historians. ‘Public History Society’ should be established in Korea.
Traumatisierung der historischen Erinnerungen: in Bezug auf Atemschaukel von Herta Müller
Authors:   The Korean Society For German History, Hwang Mieun
Published: April 2023

Die vorliegende Studie untersucht die Traumatische Erinnerung in Herta Müllers Roman Atemschaukel. Die historischen Erinnerungen der Rumäniendeutschen an ihre Deportierung in die Arbeitslager der Sowjetunion und ihre dadurch verursachte Traumatisierung sind Ausganspunkt des autofictionalen Schreibens und Poetologie in der Atemschaukel. Herta Müller selber wurde erst nach der Verschleppung der Rumäniendeutschen geboren. Sie hat dieses traumatisierende Erlebnis daher nicht direkt miterlebt. Später war es während der Diktatur in Rumänien verboten, in der Öffentlichkeit über dieses geschichtliche Ereignis zu reden, wodurch das Thema zu einem Tabu wurde. Aber durch die Hilfe und Kooperation mit Oskar Pastior und ihrer Mutter, die selbst in die Sowjetunion deportiert wurden, konnte Herta Müller später ihre eigenen Traumata begreifen und bearbeiten. In Atemschaukel geht es primär um die Traumatisierung von Leopold Auberg im Lager in der Sowjetunion sowie um seine Homosexualität. Herta Müller beschreibt dies mit den von ihr geschaffenen Wörter der Atemschaukel. Erzählerisch zeigt sie vor allem metaphorisch die radikal bedrohlichen Situationen in diesem Kontext. Dabei übernimmt sie die Erzählerperspektive indem sie sich mit Hauptfigur Leo identifiziert.
A COMPACT NEUTRON GENERATOR FOR THE NIORT® TREATMENT OF SEVERE SOLID CANCERS
Authors: Martellini Maurizio
Published: April 2023

In the last four years, TheranostiCentre S.r.l., Berkion Technology LLC and ENEA have patented and fabricated a first prototype of a Compact Neutron Generator (CNG) currently under testing in the ENEA laboratories. Besides the usual applications in the field of materials irradiation, this CNG - producing neutrons of 2.45 MeV energy by using the DD fusion reaction - was conceived for the neutron irradiation of the solid cancer’s tumour bed by means of the Intra-Operative Radiotherapy (IORT) technique, the so-called neutron-IORT (nIORT®). The CNG is self-shielded and light-weight (~120 kg) making possible its remote handling by a robotic arm. Accurate Monte Carlo simulations, modelling the CNG and the “open wound” biological tissues near its irradiation window, demonstrated that the apparatus - operated at 100 kV-10 mA - supplies a neutron flux ~108 cm-2 s-1 and can deliver equivalent dose rates ~2 Gy (RBE)/min. Hence, it can administer very high dose levels in limited treatment times. This article briefly summarizes the main findings of this collaborative research study, the clinical rationales underpinning the nIORT® idea and the potential performances of the CNG for the treatment of solid cancer pathologies. Indeed, the CNG can be installed in an operating room dedicated to nIORT® treatments, without posing any environmental and safety issues. Monte Carlo simulations have been carried out by envisioning the CNG equipped with an IORT applicator, that is an applicator pipe with a tuneable diameter to be inserted in the surgical cavity. By foreseeing the clinical endpoints of the standard IORT protocols, the irradiation performances for potential nIORT® treatments - obtained with an applicator pipe of 6 cm diameter - are here reported for different regimes: from 10 up to 75 Gy (RBE), that can be administered in a single session of about 4 to 30 minutes. Besides the dose peak in the centre of the tumour bed, the almost isotropic neutrons emission allows to irradiate the surroundings side-walls of the tumour bed – usually filled by potential quiescent cancer cells (QCCs) – and therefore reducing the chances of local recurrences by improving the local control of the tumour. The rapid decrease in tissues depth of the dose profile (in few centimetres) will spare the neighbouring organs at risk from harmful radiations. Thus, the CNG apparatus developed for nIORT® applications can potentially improve the resectability rate of a given neoadjuvant cancer treatment and, generally, could satisfy all five R’s criteria of radiotherapy. Furthermore, in comparing with the current IORT techniques with electrons or low-keV X-rays, the nIORT® exploiting a high-flux neutrons beam of 2.45 MeV energy could lead to some significant clinical advantages due to its larger Linear Energy Transfer (LET, ~ 40 keV/m as average) and significantly higher Relative Biological Effectiveness (RBE 16) than all other forms of ionizing radiation.
Keandalan Komponen Nose Wheel Assy pada Pesawat Cessna
Authors: Mulyani Sri , Priyahapsara Istyawan
Published: April 2023

Maintenance is taken to maintain the reliability of the components that support overall nurse performance. One of them is the landing gear which functions for all aircraft movements on the ground including taking off, landing, taxing and parking, and holding the aircraft's load while on land. Nose wheel assy is provided to hold the nose of the aircraft and maneuver while on the ground. Based on information obtained from the engineering department as well as looking at the maintenance logbook on the ATR 72-500 aircraft there was a problem with the nose wheel assy. Where these problems can result in the movement of the aircraft will be problematic. The method used is the Weibull distribution analysis method, the main objective is to determine the failure rate and the reliability of these components as well as to determine the characteristics of the failure modes caused. The parameters used in this distribution are the shape parameter (β) and the scale parameter (h). From the calculation analysis results, it can be seen that the nose wheel assy component based on time failure will function until it fails at the age of 585 hours 38 minutes and β is 3.513864. Following the provisions that apply to values β 1,the type of failure that occurs is a type of failure to wear out. While based on the cycle will function until experiencing failure at the age of 398 hours 13 minutes and β is 1.258549 Under the provisions that apply to values β 1, type failure that occurs is a type of wear out. This type of failure has the property of increasing the failure rate with increasing use, therefore for nose wheel, assy components more effective preventive maintenance is applied.This type of failure has the property of increasing the failure rate with increasing use, therefore for landing gear, assy components more effective preventive maintenance is applied.
A study of cerebrospinal fluid C-reactive protein in bacterial meningitis among paediatric age group in a tertiary care hospital
Authors: M. Unmesh Dev , Milind B. Kamble
Published: April 2023

Background: Bacterial meningitis is a significant cause of mortality and morbidity in children worldwide. C-reactive protein (CRP) raises rapidly in the first 24-48 hours of occurrence of bacterial meningitis and in large incremental increases thereafter. The present study was undertaken to find out the correlation between cerebrospinal fluid (CSF)-CRP and bacterial meningitis in paediatric age group.
Methods: A total 123 children aged between 1 month to 12 years, in whom meningitis was suspected during the study period were included. Lumbar puncture performed at L3-L4 and CSF sample not more than 3 ml collected in 4 sterile containers. 1ml sent for protein and sugar, 0.5ml each sent for CSF cytology and CSF-CRP, 1ml sent for CSF culture sensitivity and gram staining.
Results: The institutional incidence of bacterial meningitis was 3.37%. Fever (93.26%) and altered sensorium (92.30%), were the commonest symptoms and neck rigidity (58.65%) was the commonest meningeal sign. The neurologic assessment showed abnormal mental status (34.61%), abnormal cranial nerve findings (10.57%) and abnormal motor function (13.46%). The mean CRP level was 15.36±0.67 mg/l. Pneumococcus was the commonest isolated organism (53.48%) in CSF culture. The institutional mortality was 13.46%. CSF-CRP was positive in 104 (82.69%) of the culture-positive cases with a sensitivity of 82.69%, specificity 84.21%, positive predictive value 96.62% and negative predictive value of 47.05%.
Conclusions: CRP levels in CSF offers a moderate sensitivity and specificity as well as high positive predictive value. This indicates that CSF-CRP is a better marker in differentiating bacterial meningitis and it can serve as a useful screening test for bacterial meningitis.
Incidence and severity of COVID-19 infection among health care workers following vaccination: a cross sectional survey in Maharashtra
Authors: Kataria Aditya , Priyanka Kataria  , Pradeep Suryawanshi
Published: April 2023

Background: Despite the vaccines against COVID-19 being proven to be effective, there is the possibility of infection despite vaccination. Such risk may be potentially greater in healthcare workers (HCWs), because of enhanced rates of exposure to the virus at the workplace. The present study was executed to estimate the incidence of COVID-19 infection post vaccination as well as to assess its severity.
Methods: A cross-sectional study was initiated in field practice area of one of the tertiary health care institutes in Pune district of Maharashtra. All 700 HCWs were investigated through questionnaire method and detailed data was collected about their vaccination status and related details. Data analysed using Jeffreys's amazing statistics program (JASP), version 0.17.1.0.
Results: In the study, 29.23% of the participants showed COVID-19 infection after vaccination. The majority of clinical illnesses were of mild type. Vaccinated participants with pre-existing illnesses had more incidence of COVID-19 infection following vaccination and also the participants with complete doses had a significantly lesser rate of COVID-19 infection post vaccination compared to those with partial doses of the concerned vaccine.
Conclusions: Vaccinated individuals pose less risk of severe COVID-19 infections following vaccination than those who are unvaccinated against COVID-19. Pre-existing disease is one of the major risk factors for enhanced incidence and severity of breakthrough infections.
Workplace barriers experienced by nurses in a tertiary level hospital during COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Mina Akter  , M. Ali Reza Mondol  , Hafiza Sultana
Published: April 2023

Background: Nurses as frontline workers are experiencing barriers while discharging their duties. So, identifying workplace barriers experienced by nurses during COVID-19 is important because they are the most vital component of medical care. The present study aimed to identify the workplace barriers experienced by nurses in a tertiary-level hospital during the COVID-19 pandemic.
Methods: This descriptive type of cross-sectional study was conducted among 200 nurses who were working in the non-COVID unit at Dhaka Medical College Hospital, Dhaka. Sampling was done by convenience sampling method. A semi-structured questionnaire was administered to the respondents to obtain information. Data were collected through a face-to-face interview.
Results: The study found that 83% of respondents were females, and the mean age was 31.8±5.5. 52.5% completed a diploma in nursing, 61.5% of their working experience was 1-5 years, and 53% were working in the inpatient department. The major barriers identified were lack of guidelines, shortage of PPE, inadequate training coverage, lack of area for doffing and donning, and inadequate social distancing. Statistical analysis showed that different departments of work had a significant association (p<0.05) with inadequate training coverage.
Conclusions: The barriers identified in this study should be overcome to improve nurses’ experiences in the workplace and turn the quality of patient care during the COVID-19 pandemic.
A cross sectional study on prevalence of hypertension and associated risk factors among bus drivers of Metropolitan Transport Corporation Limited, Chennai
Authors: Singaravel Sasikaladevi S. , Kandaswamy Elayaraja K.
Published: April 2023

Background: The job of bus driving is not only risky due to probable accidents and incidents but also risky due to probable health risk factors associated with the nature of bus driving. Sedentary work was done by many professional drivers and they were found to be physically inactive during their leisure time which lead to an increase in risk for obesity and hypertension. Therefore, this study was done with the aim to detect the prevalence of hypertension and its associated risk factors among metropolitan transport corporation bus drivers.
Methods: A cross sectional descriptive study was conducted among bus drivers of metropolitan transport corporation Limited, Chennai. The sample size obtained was 422. A multistage sampling method was used. A Validated semi-structured questionnaire containing questions on basic socio demographic particulars, lifestyle factors, past and family history and anthropometric and blood pressure measurement was done and was analyzed using SPSS 21.
Results: The prevalence of hypertension was found to be 49.5%. Smoking was found in 23.2% of the respondents, tobacco and betel nut chewing in 14.7% of the respondents and 45.5% were found to consume alcohol. It was found that as age increases the prevalence of hypertension also increases which was statistically significant (p=0.001).
Conclusions: This rampant disease can be prevented and managed through lifestyle modifications and medication therapy. The risk factors may be avoided by maintaining a regular physical activity, focussing on dynamic exercise, having medical checkups.
Área climática adecuada para tres especies de Phlegmariurus (Lycopodiaceae) en Cuba: distribución potencial y áreas prioritarias para la conservación
Authors: Salazar-Quevedo Ramón , Cabrera-Guerrero Asiel , Muñoz-Li Rogelio Roberto , Jover-Capote Abdiel
Published: April 2023

El cambio climático constituye una amenaza para la biodiversidad. La distribución geográfica y la dimensión de sus efectos sobre los individuos y ecosistemas son inciertas, siendo los montañosos los más sensibles al clima. En la presente investigación se determinó el área climática potencial adecuada para Phlegmariurus acerosus, P. taxifolius y P. reflexus, especies que habitan en bosques subtropicales húmedos y muy húmedos y ostentan alguna categoría de amenaza debido a la fragmentación del hábitat y la disminución continua de sus poblaciones. Se elaboraron modelos de nicho climático con el programa MaxEnt empleando datos de ocurrencia y variables bioclimáticas. Los modelos resultantes fueron proyectados geográficamente de acuerdo con las condiciones climáticas actuales. Las proyecciones evidenciaron que las condiciones climáticas adecuadas para las especies se distribuyen en las montañas de Cuba oriental. El nicho climático potencial tuvo una probabilidad de presencia alta, así: de 250,66 km2 para P. acerosus, 393,42 km2 para P. taxifolius, y 232,40 km2 para P. reflexus. Las áreas protegidas consideradas prioritarias para la conservación son nueve para P. acerosus y P. reflexus, y cinco para P. taxifolius. Las proyecciones realizadas se determinaron a partir de la elevación y la temperatura estacional. A su vez, las áreas prioritarias para la conservación de las especies correspondieron a las áreas protegidas en los macizos montañosos de Nipe-Sagua-Baracoa y la Sierra Maestra, siendo este último el de mayor importancia para los taxones.
Fenómenos interfaciales en multicapas y superredes magnéticas: revisión y perspectivas
Authors: Gómez María Elena , Marín Lorena , Sánchez Carlos William , Ramírez Juan Gabriel
Published: April 2023

En las últimas ocho décadas la comprensión de los mecanismos físicos que ocurren en la superficie límite entre dos materiales diferentes ha estado en constante evolución. Su interés radica en la ruptura de la simetría cristalina y la reducción de la coordinación atómica, las cuales producen modificaciones en el tipo y la ocupación orbital de los átomos en la interfaz. El estudio de los fenómenos interfaciales dio inicio a la ciencia de superficies, cuyo avance ha sido significativo en la medida en que aparecen nuevas y sofisticadas herramientas, tanto para la fabricación controlada de interfaces, como para la caracterización en el rango de la monocapa atómica. El interés se ha centrado no solo en el estímulo científico si no en el tecnológico, sobre todo en el contexto de los dispositivos electrónicos y, más recientemente, en una amplia gama de aplicaciones interdisciplinarias, como las biointerfaces, los detectores y actuadores ultrasensibles de última generación y el mejoramiento de las propiedades tribológicas. En este trabajo presentamos, primero, un contexto histórico de los diferentes fenómenos interfaciales que han ido surgiendo y su influencia en las propiedades que exhiben donde quiera que hay una interfaz, como en el caso de junturas, multicapas y heteroestructuras. Presentamos, asimismo, los avances en los sistemas de superredes magnéticas de importancia en el mejoramiento de la densidad de información de los discos duros, y discutimos sobre los estados interfaciales electrónicos y magnéticos y las nuevas funcionalidades en las interfaces de heterojunturas basadas en óxidos complejos. Por último, resaltamos algunos avances y perspectivas en el campo de la ciencia de superficies.
Identificação de competências em Saúde Bucal Coletiva na graduação pelo consenso entre docentes de Instituições de Ensino Superior brasileiras
Authors: E Silva Flávia de Oliveira , Queiroz Maria Goretti
Published: April 2023

Introdução: O ensino da odontologia vem passando por transformações que implicam na valorização de conteúdos e de experiências proporcionados pelas disciplinas ligadas à Saúde Coletiva. Esta área passa a ter mais centralidade na discussão da reorientação da formação do cirurgião-dentista a partir da implantação das Diretrizes Curriculares Nacionais. Objetivo: Identificar competências em Saúde Bucal Coletiva a serem desenvolvidas na graduação pelo consenso entre docentes de Instituições de Ensino Superior brasileiras. Método: Estudo descritivo, transversal. Utilizou a técnica Delphi em três etapas e grau de concordância estipulado em ? 70%. Resultados: Foram identificados pelo consenso docente 18 itens para o tópico conhecimentos, sendo os mais citados: histórico e princípios do SUS e modelos de atenção em saúde. Para o tópico habilidades, houve consenso em 13 itens, sendo mais citados: atuar a partir das necessidades de saúde do paciente e reconhecer problemas a partir da observação da realidade. Em 31 itens para o tópico atitudes, os mais citados foram: autonomia e exercer liderança na equipe de saúde. Conclusão: As dimensões que caracterizam o campo da Saúde Coletiva como saber e prática podem ser identificados no consenso obtido. Para a formação do cirurgião-dentista a partir destas dimensões há necessidade de mudanças na organização do trabalho em saúde e no cuidado das pessoas. Indica-se mais estudos sobre o tema que incluam estratégias visando diversificar o perfil dos docentes, uma vez que o consenso obtido refletiu preponderantemente a visão de docentes de Instituições de Ensino Superior públicas.
Atuação multiprofissional na Atenção Básica em tempos de pandemia: relato de experiência
Authors: Silva Camila , Silva Charilma , Gama Stephany , Santos Maria , Da Silva Vinícius , Dos Santos Klebison , Silva Rosana
Published: April 2023

Objetivo: descrever a atuação de uma equipe multiprofissional de residentes de Saúde Mental do Hospital Universitário Professor Edgar Santos, vinculado à Universidade Federal da Bahia, em uma Unidade de Saúde da Família durante a pandemia do COVID-19. Métodos: O trabalho de campo foi realizado durante um estágio curricular em uma Unidade de Saúde da Família no distrito sanitário do Subúrbio Ferroviário da cidade de Salvador-BA, entre os meses de março e maio de 2021. Utilizou-se como instrumento para coleta de dados o diário de campo com registros sobre as atividades realizadas pelos residentes. Resultados: Inicialmente a equipe participou da territorialização e de rodas de conversa com os Agentes Comunitários de Saúde da unidade. A partir das demandas encontradas no território e na Unidade de Saúde da Família, foram realizadas atividades como: mapeamento dos serviços que compõem a Rede de Atenção à Saúde; atendimentos compartilhados; ações de educação em saúde e participação na testagem de COVID-19. Conclusão: Constatou-se que a Estratégia de Saúde da Família, no território que serviu como campo deste relato, tem sido fundamental no combate ao avanço da pandemia, funcionando como porta de entrada principal dos usuários do território apesar das limitações impostas ao atendimento e da redução de algumas práticas de cuidado, como visitas domiciliares e atividades coletivas e presenciais de educação em saúde. Identificou-se ainda as fragilidades de acesso à rede e a comunicação incipiente entre a unidade e demais serviços da Rede de Atenção à Saúde, que acentuaram-se com a pandemia.
David Capistrano Costa Filho: uma narrativa no Campo da Saúde e Educação
Authors: Goulart Patrícia Martins
Published: April 2023

Resumo: Apresentamos uma pesquisa de abordagem narrativa sobre a trajetória de David Capistrano da Costa Filho, com ênfase em suas contribuições à Saúde Coletiva, com o duplo objetivo de explicitar a atualidade de seus pressupostos e partilhar um recurso metodológico no ensino em saúde. Trata-se de uma narrativa biográfica póstuma ancorada nas diretrizes de um módulo de graduação oferecido na Universidade Federal de São Paulo, denominado Encontros e Produção de Narrativas. O referido módulo é ofertado a seis cursos da saúde, no formato interdisciplinar, visando uma abordagem comum às diversas profissões, para a produção do cuidado, em acordo com os princípios do SUS.  O método para a construção desta narrativa se ateve ao levantamento de informações, oriundas de livros escritos pelo e sobre o autor, artigos e documentos em formato impresso e audiovisual, tais como depoimentos, cartas e entrevistas disponíveis na literatura cinzenta e especializada. As informações foram levantadas no período de 2019 a 2021 e organizadas em uma ordem cronológica dos fatos. Considerando o protagonismo de David, falecido no ano 2000, mas eternizado pelas suas obras, especialmente na cidade de Santos, parece-nos profícuo, na condição de educadores/as, estimular as novas gerações, por meio da abordagem narrativa e biográfica, a conhecer experiências que subordinem a ordem política ao bem-viver, em perspectiva atemporal.
Vigilância do Óbito Materno nas Fronteiras Brasil/Bolívia e Brasil/Paraguai: cidadania e direito à saúde em tensão
Authors: Silva Rosemarie Dias Fernandes , Cazola Luiza Helena de Oliveira , Nascimento Débora Dupas Gonçalves do , Ferla Alcindo Antônio
Published: April 2023

A mortalidade materna é um problema de saúde pública no mundo todo e sua redução um grande desafio, inclusive para o Brasil. A assistência às mulheres e os modos de organização do trabalho são questões muito relevantes para alcançar tal desafio. Este estudo teve como objetivo compreender a percepção dos profissionais de saúde quanto à investigação dos óbitos de mulheres em idade fértil e maternos ocorridos em brasileiras e estrangeiras e a atuação dos Comitês de Mortalidade Materna. Trata-se de um estudo descritivo, exploratório, de abordagem qualitativa, realizado municípios de fronteira do Estado de Mato Grosso do Sul, com notificações de óbitos maternos em 2016-2017, através de entrevistas com profissionais atuantes na vigilância do óbito materno. Constatou-se que a investigação dos óbitos em mulheres em idade fértil e maternos é realizada, apesar das dificuldades relacionadas à qualificação e comprometimento dos profissionais que integram a Rede de Vigilância do Óbito Materno; à desarticulação da Rede de Atenção à Saúde; e ao escasso reconhecimento da importância da vigilância do óbito materno para o planejamento de saúde pelos gestores. A qualificação dos profissionais, a efetiva implantação/implementação dos Comitês de Mortalidade Materna e o fortalecimento da Rede de Atenção Materno-Infantil nos municípios fronteiriços deve ser olhada com atenção pelos gestores, de forma que Políticas Públicas específicas sejam reelaboradas com vistas ao cuidado e redução do óbito materno, visto à vulnerabilidade desses municípios.
O trabalho interprofissional na Atenção Primária à Saúde na Pandemia de COVID-19
Authors: Silveira Bárbara Mohr da , Manfrini Gisele Cristina , Brehmer Laura Cavalcanti Farias , Carcereri Daniela Lemos , Souza Janaina Medeiros de
Published: April 2023

O trabalho interprofissional na Atenção Primária à Saúde é estratégico para assegurar o princípio da integralidade na atenção à saúde. O Sistema Único de Saúde vem sofrendo precarizações, dadas medidas políticas que impactam na continuidade de ações e serviços. Contudo, a pandemia de COVID-19 surgiu como um novo desafio, levando as equipes a repensar e desenvolver estratégias de manutenção do cuidado integral de saúde à população. O objetivo desta pesquisa foi conhecer a percepção dos profissionais das equipes interprofissionais em saúde acerca do trabalho interprofissional desenvolvido e quais as estratégias adotadas na APS durante o período pandêmico. Estudo qualitativo, convergente-assistencial realizado com 12 profissionais das equipes interprofissionais, de três Centros de Saúde de um município do Sul do Brasil. Como resultado da análise de conteúdo das entrevistas, e, também de registros de observação participante, constituíram-se duas categorias: Percepção e mudanças acerca do trabalho interprofissional durante a pandemia de COVID-19 e Condições para concretização do trabalho interprofissional. Conclui-se que a pandemia promoveu desafios para os profissionais, impactando também na sua saúde mental, e promoveu também obstáculos para a realização do trabalho interprofissional, principalmente pelo trabalho remoto impostos pelas normativas institucionais frente ao enfrentamento da emergência. Foi necessária a criação de estratégias para a manutenção do cuidado e do trabalho interprofissional, como a oferta de teleconsultas, teleatendimento e ações de grupos de promoção à saúde virtuais.
Psychological effects of Social Media on Real Life
Authors: Semma Andi
Published: April 2023

Social media nowadays is part of our daily lives. A social media celebrity is used as a trend setter. In this research, we focused on finding the both favorable and adverse effects of social media on real life. The systematic review is used to find these studies’ purposes. We looked for journal articles published between 2017 and 2022. that studied the effect of social media on real life. We focused on empirical studies, positive impacts and its negative impacts’ countermeasures. After that, we analyze and examine what Indonesia currently has in technology and human resources to determine the readiness to adopt the relevant solutions. The result of This research aims to give an overview. of empirical studies of the both favorable and adverse effects of social media and their countermeasures.
The Agrarian Legislative Government of Alexander III and the Russian Peasantry
Authors:   Saratov State University, Timirjanov D. D.
Published: April 2023

The main object of the article is the socio-economic situation in Russia in the end of 19th century. The measures of the central and local administration, applied in the Russian village, have been analyzed within this research. The author resumes that the reforms of the authorities had made the position of the peasantry more complicated.
The Officer’s Staff of the Urals Cossak Troops During the First World War 1914–1918
Authors:   Saratov State University, Kartaguzov S. V.
Published: April 2023

The article focused on the research of the officer’s staff of the Ural Cossack’s infantry during the 1st World War. It is the first attempt to examine of some aspects of training of the officers in the Cossack military embodiment, their educational and professional growth. The reader could find some interesting facts of the losses, decorations and faith of some officers after the end of the First World War.
Features of Collective Farming, 1950–1960
Authors:   Saratov State Agrarian University, Shlykova O. V.
Published: April 2023

The article covers the period 1950–1960. how the transition of agriculture to intensive development. Drawing on the work of local historians, using a wide of source material, the author seeks to highlight the ambiguity and contradictions of state policy in the collective-farm production.
Research on kinematics of 3-dof connecting rod manipulator based on 5R kinematic chain
Authors: Li LiHua , Zhang Hong , Hou LingXia , Yuan Jie , Liu MengYao , Liu Xin , Yan HongYe , Jiang YuBo
Published: April 2023

Based on the flexibility of the neck manipulator of the bionic pelican fishing device, the demand for carrying capacity and the consideration of economic benefits, a 3-DOF connecting rod manipulator based on the 5R kinematic chain was designed, and the kinematic characteristics of the 5R five-bar mechanism in two-dimensional space and the mobility of the mechanism under the constraint of the bar length were studied. Through the application of matlab simulation, the movable range of the mechanism is obtained and the data analysis of the predetermined track is realized within the movable range, and the angle change curve chart required for the motor to achieve the predetermined track is obtained. The predetermined movement track is simulated by using the corresponding data and motion characteristics of the curve chart, which verifies the feasibility of achieving the target tracksetting within the movable range of the track.