bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Study of electricity transmission of a solar power plant into a three-phase electrical network
Authors: Plakhtii Oleksandr , Homenko Igor , Shelest Dmytro , Syniavskyi Andrii
Published: December 2023

The development and research of the energy indicators of a solar power plant based on a block of solar panels of the Era-370W-24V-Mono type with a capacity of 110 kW and a solar hybrid inverter based on power transistors CM1200DC-34S, which transmits power to a three-phase electrical network, is presented. The control system of a hybrid inverter that transmits electric energy from solar panels with a power factor close to unity and a content of higher current harmonics less than 4 % has been developed. For Era-370W-24V-Mono solar panels, a polynomial approximation of the energy characteristics was carried out, namely the dependence of the selected power on the consumed current, which allows to improve the mode of maximum power selection from solar panels. A study of power losses in a hybrid inverter of a solar power plant was conducted, the dependence of total power losses on the switching frequency of power transistors in the mode of maximum power selection was obtained. It was determined that the efficiency of the hybrid inverter of the solar power plant ranges from 98.4 % at a PWM frequency of 1 kHz to 92.7 % at a PWM frequency of 6 kHz
Analisis Penggunaan Mode Hemat Daya untuk Kesadaran Penghematan Energi Menggunakan Model UTAUT
Authors: Effendrik Popong
Published: December 2023

Perubahan pola konsumsi energi sehari-hari dapat membantu penghematan energi. Salah satu aksi nyata yang dapat dilakukan oleh remaja sebagai pengguna terbesar smartphone adalah dengan mengaktifkan mode hemat daya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis adopsi fitur mode hemat daya sebagai sarana penghematan energi menggunakan model UTAUT (Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology). Data dikumpulkan dari 168 pengguna smarphone yang mengaktifkan mode hemat daya di Indonesia. Analisis model persamaan struktural–partial least square (SEM-PLS) dilakukan untuk menganalisis hubungan antar variabel dengan menguji serangkaian hipotesis. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa faktor yang memengaruhi pengguna untuk mengatifkan mode hemat daya sebagai langkah penghematan energi adalah Performance Expectancy (PE), Effort Expectancy (EE), dan Social Influence(SI). EE dan PE berpengaruh terhadap Behavioral Intention (BI) karena fitur mode hemat daya mudah unutk digunakan dan juga memiliki banyak funsgi dan memberikan manfat untuk penghematan energi. Selain itu, faktor lain yang mendukung adalah SI sebagai sarana untuk sosialisasi program penghematan energi dengan sasaran pengguna remaja sebagai agen perubahan. Faktor yang tidak memengaruhi adalah Facilitating Condition (FC) karena fitur mode hemat daya ini memang telah dilengkapi secara default oleh vendor smartphone. Penelitian ini dapat membantu untuk membangun kesadaaran pengguna smartphone untuk memanfaatkan fitur mode hemat daya sebagai langkah penghematan energi dan juga langkah konkret pengguna dalam rangka menghemat energi.
The 6R Principles of Biodiversity Conservation and Protection: Arresting the Rate of Extinction and Major Threats to Wildlife in Indonesia
Authors: Hadi Nestiyanto , Ainy Noer Sarifah , Sjahfirdi Luthfiralda , Mujadid Iqbal
Published: December 2023

Indonesia merupakan salah satu negara yang memiliki tingkat keanekaragaman hayati yang tinggi di dunia. Tingkat keanekaragaman hayati Indonesia yang tinggi dipengaruhi oleh beberapa faktor daya dukung lingkungan (carrying capacity) seperti curah hujan, iklim, suhu, topografi, kelembaban, kesuburan tanah dan intensitas cahaya. Keanekaragaman hayati yang ada dapat memengaruhi kebudayaan masyarakat Indonesia terutama dalam hal pemanfaatan bahan alam dalam memenuhi kebutuhan sehari-hari. Adanya aktivitas antropogenik dapat memberikan dampak terhadap keanekaragaman hayati yang ada, terutama aktivitas yang tidak mengikuti kaidah dan aturan yang berlaku seperti perburuan secara berlebihan, perdagangan ilegal spesies terancam punah, pencemaran limbah polutan dan alih fungsi habitat. Jika tidak ada upaya untuk melakukan tindakan konservasi dan perlindungan, maka akan berdampak pada terjadinya penurunan jumlah populasi hingga terjadinya kepunahan spesies. Oleh karena itu, prinsip 6R konsevasi yang meliputi aktivitas release, relocation, reproduction, restocking, rehabilitation dan research perlu menjadi perhatian dan diimplementasikan di tengah masyarakat. Prinsip 6R telah banyak diterapkan oleh peneliti, pemerintah dan lembaga swadaya masyarakat baik pada skala luas bentang ekosistem maupun skala kecil tingkat spesies. Bertopang pada aktivitas research, diharapkan prinsip 6R secara ilmiah dapat menjadi salah satu upaya menurunkan laju kepunahan dan ancaman utama pada hidupan liar yang ada di Indonesia. Selain itu, prinsip 6R dapat menjadi hal yang baik untuk dikembangkan pada kawasan lindung maupun menjadi gaya hidup berbasis wawasan lingkungan di wilayah perkotaan (urban conservation lifestyle).
Tax Avoidance: Peran Karakter Auditor Menekan Munculnya Tax Avoidance (Kasus Pada Perusahaan yang Tergabung dalam JII70 Tahun 2021)
Authors: Rosalina Lisa , Hadi Nor
Published: December 2023

The research is intended to test the effect of auditor characteristics (audit specialization, audit tenure, audit opinion and audit fees) on tax avoidance empirically. Testing this research has a fundamental essence, namely testing agency theory in the form of economic rational content in taxation so that it creates motivation to carry out tax avoidance. This research was conducted at companies that are members of the Jakarta Islamic Index (JII70) in 2021. The data is in the form of secondary data collected by documentation procedures. The total population of the study was 81 companies, the number of samples was 44 companies, and the sampling technique used was purposive sampling. To analyze the data using ordinary least squares. The results showed that two of the four hypotheses were accepted: audit specialization and audit fees significantly affected tax avoidance. However, audit tenure and audit opinion have no significant effect on tax avoidance. Observing the results of this hypothesis implies that in accordance with the rules of agency theory, economic rational strength creates tax avoidance motivation to defend the company's interests.
Efficacy of Diosmin in Reducing Lower-Extremity Swelling and Pain After Total Knee Arthroplasty
Authors: Wang Qiuru , Jin Qunhua , Cai Lijun , Zhao Chengcheng , Feng Pengfei , Jia Jie , Xu Weihua , Qian Qirong , Ding Zheru , Xu Jianzhong , Gu Chenxi , Zhang Shoutao , Shi Hui , Ma Hongbing , Deng Ye , Zhang Tingjiu , Song Yuan , Wang Qiang , Zhang Yinchang , Zhou Xinshe , Pei Lijia , Yang Yunkang , Liang Jie , Jiang Tao , Li Hao , Liu Huancai , Wu Lizhong , Kang Pengde
Published: December 2023

Background:

Many patients experience lower-extremity swelling following total knee arthroplasty (TKA), which impedes recovery. Diosmin is a semisynthetic flavonoid that is often utilized to treat swelling and pain caused by chronic venous insufficiency. We aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of diosmin in reducing lower-extremity swelling and pain as well as in improving functional outcomes following TKA.

Methods:

This study was designed as a randomized, controlled multicenter trial and conducted in 13 university-affiliated tertiary hospitals. A total of 330 patients undergoing TKA were randomized to either receive or not receive diosmin postoperatively. The diosmin group received 0.9 g of diosmin twice per day for 14 consecutive days starting on the day after surgery, whereas the control group received neither diosmin nor a placebo postoperatively. The primary outcome was lower-extremity swelling 1, 2, 3, and 14 days postoperatively. The secondary outcomes were postoperative pain assessed with use of a visual analogue scale, Hospital for Special Surgery score, range of knee motion, levels of the inflammatory biomarkers C-reactive protein and interleukin-6, and complications.

Results:

At all postoperative time points, diosmin was associated with significantly less swelling of the calf, thigh, and upper pole of the patella as well as with significantly lower pain scores during motion. However, no significant differences in postoperative pain scores at rest, Hospital for Special Surgery scores, range of motion, levels of inflammatory biomarkers, or complication rates were found between the diosmin and control groups.

Conclusions:

The use of diosmin after TKA reduced lower-extremity swelling and pain during motion and was not associated with an increased incidence of short-term complications involving the outcomes studied. However, further studies are needed to continue exploring the efficacy and safety of diosmin use in TKA.

Level of Evidence:

Therapeutic Level I. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.
Not Only Garnets…
Authors: Galuskina Irina , Galuskin Evgeny , Vapnik Yevgeny
Published: December 2023

Garnets have been known to man since time immemorial and are used in a wide variety of applications as well as being prototypes of useful synthetic materials. Our investigations show that in nature, garnets and minerals with a langasite-type structure can be very close in composition. Examples are cubic Ti-rich garnets with the common formula Ca3(Ti4+,Fe3+,Al)2(Si,Fe3+,Al)3O12 and the new trigonal mineral qeltite, Ca3Ti(Fe3+2Si)Si2O14, which occur in paralavas of the pyrometamorphic Hatrurim Complex, Israel. Synthetic compounds of the langasite family are important because of their functional properties, such as unique piezoelectricity, high thermal stability, and low acoustic losses, as well as optical nonlinearity and multiferroicity. Qeltite is the first high-temperature terrestrial mineral with a langasite-type structure, the description of which was a catalyst for the discovery in pyrometamorphic rocks of the Hatrurim Complex of a whole series of new natural phases with langasite-type structure and varied composition (A3BC3D2O14, where A = Ca and Ba; B = Ti, Nb, Sb, and Zr; C = Ti, Al, Fe, and Si; and D = Si). We think that qeltite and other minerals with langasite-type structure may be relatively widely distributed in terrestrial rocks that form under similar conditions to those of Ti-rich garnet but are missed by researchers.
Migración y salud: el reflejo de la inequidad social global y la necesidad de investigación en salud pública
Authors: Giourguli-Saucedo Silvia Elena , Lazcano-Ponce Eduardo
Published: December 2023

La migración constituye un fenómeno global con cerca de 281 millones de migrantes internacionales, definida como el desplazamiento de poblaciones humanas desde un origen usual a un nuevo destino permanente.1 De acuerdo con cifras de la Organización Internacional para las Migraciones (OIM), en 2022 entraron 444 439 migrantes a México, lo que representó un incremento de 134 747 con lo que respecta a lo registrado en 2021 (es decir, aproximadamente entre 30 y 31%) y 261 499 en comparación con 2018 (58-59%).2 Desde la perspectiva regional, nos encontramos también en una etapa de surgimiento de nuevas movilidades intrarregionales, flujos inéditos con perfiles heterogéneos dirigidos a nuevos destinos, rutas migratorias peligrosas y poco concurridas en el pasado, y que ha convertido a las ciudades latinoamericanas en sitios frecuentes de acogida.
Numerical investigation on aerodynamic noise sources identification and noise radiation characteristics of the bogie region of high speed train
Authors: SHI Jiawei , Zhang Jiye , Li Tian
Published: December 2023

The bogie region is one of the most important aerodynamic noise sources of high-speed trains. In order to deepen the understanding of the generation mechanism and noise radiation characteristics of the aerodynamic noise in the bogie region, the unsteady flow field around the bogie region is simulated by using the DDES (Delayed Detached Eddy Simulation) model. An aerodynamic noise source identification method based on the integral solution of the FW-H (Ffowcs Williams-Hawkings) equation is performed to determine distribution of dipole and quadrupole sources in the bogie region. Combining the noise source identification results and flow field analysis, the key flow structures related to the generation of aerodynamic noise are determined and the formation mechanism of aerodynamic noise sources in the bogie region is explained from two different perspectives. The flow field data obtained by DDES simulation is also used as input for the FW-H solver to calculate far-field noise, and the source contribution, spectrum characteristics and directivity of far field noise are analyzed in detail. The results show that the jet shear layer formed at the rear edge of the cowcatcher and the front side edge of the bogie cavity are closely related to the formation of dipole and quadrupole sources in the bogie region, especially the shear vortex structures formed at the rear edge of the cowcatcher. At the speed of 350 km/h, the aerodynamic noise in the bogie region is still dominated by dipole noise, the contribution of the dipole noise generated by the bogie itself and the bogie cavity to far field noise is equally important despite the significant differences in their radiation characteristics.
Economic Impact of Screening on Postdiagnosis Work Productivity in Japanese Women with Breast Cancer – A Life-Table Modeling Approach
Authors: Takatori-Shirakami Yoshie , Saito Mitsue , Yokoyama Kazuhito
Published: December 2023

Background: In Japan, biennial mammography screening has been recommended for the early detection of breast cancer (BC) in women aged 40 years or above since 2004 by the Ministry of Health, Labor and Welfare. The purpose of this study is to estimate the economic impact of BC screening on work productivity, using a new measure called the productivity-adjusted life-year (PALY).
Methods: We used a dynamic life table modeling approach to estimate the work productivity of female patients aged 40-64 years diagnosed with BC in 2019 over the subsequent 5 years. Changes in life-years, PALYs, and gross domestic product (GDP) were assessed by changing the screening detection rate from the current (34.2%) to an ideal (100%) percentage. Each input for modeling was obtained from the most recent public database available.
Results: BC patients were estimated to lose 2,104 in life-years, 3,517 in PALYs, and US$365 million in GDP at the current screening detection rate compared with the ideal detection rate. On the other hand, the following gains are expected when the current screening detection rate was increased to 40-80%; life-years gain; 185 - 1,464, PALYs gain; 905 - 7,146, GDP gain: US$32 - 254 million.
Conclusion: This study has used modeling to show that detecting BC without screening is associated with a lower work productivity and an economic and life-years loss. Encouraging BC screening may be beneficial to maintaining work productivity after diagnosis.
Sustainability Analysis of Biogas as a Source of Energy in Rwanda
Authors: MAZIMPAKA Ezgad , NTAMBARA Boniface , Hortense Ingabire , Makokha Augustine B , Kiplakat Joseph
Published: December 2023

Rwanda has seen significant advancements in biogas installations, with a significant increase in households accessing biogas since 2012. However, rapid population growth has made it difficult to provide energy security due to energy deficit growth in both rural and urban areas. This study aimed to assess the sustainability of biogas as a source of energy in Rwanda, focusing on energy demand, supply profiles, and sustainability based on technical, environmental, social, and economic indicators. Data was collected from 600 biogas owners and local leaders who supported biogas production sensitization campaigns. The results showed that out of the 728.7GWh energy consumption, 42% was industrial consumption, and 51% was home-based consumption, with 67% of accessibility. The average temperature of 20°C was favorable for biogas digester functionality, leading to 97% of users being satisfied with its cooking efficiency. Biogas development and use increased social well-being by reducing CO emissions to about 7.01gCO/MJ. The reduction in firewood usage helped households and institutions reduce the cost of purchasing firewood by 30 to 80% per year. The study concludes that biogas energy in Rwanda has high levels of energy sustainability and potential for improving health and accessibility to affordable and clean energy to mitigate climate change. The government and Rwanda Energy Group should develop technical guidelines and policies to enhance biogas functionality and allocate budgets for upgrading existing infrastructures and initiating new biogas projects.
Power System Faults Analysis, Detection, and Localization in Underground Distribution and Transmission Networks by Deploying AI-based Matlab Model/Simulink.
Authors: Ntambara Boniface , Hortense Ingabire
Published: December 2023

Employing MATLAB/Simulink, this study designs and builds a fault-detecting and locating approaches for underground distribution and transmission networks. The suggested approach detects and locates faults through an AI-based waveform shift, which has become an established technique in electric power system investigations. MATLAB/Simulink 2019a was implemented to build and test the suggested method on underground distribution and transmission line models. The simulation results revealed that the developed fault detection and localization technique is capable of accurately detecting and locating faults on distribution and transmission lines. The method proposed can assist power system operators in swiftly locating the fault and taking the necessary procedures to restore power supply. Overall, this article is a valuable resource for increasing the reliability and efficiency of electricity transmission and distribution networks.
Sensorless BLDC motor Sliding Mode Control for Disturbance Rejection on Hand Held Motor Drive
Authors: Chang Peter I-Tsyuen , Lin Xin-You , Chen Yong-Kang
Published: December 2023

This research implemented a full sensor-less Sliding Mode Control (SMC) for a three phase Brushless Direct-Current (BLDC) motor for reduction on disturbance during motor operation. Instead of using hall sensors to provide motor speed feedback, this paper utilized the back counter-ElectroMotive Force (EMF), measured in the motor’s control circuitry, and through the zero-crossing characteristic induced from its operation, a full feedback disturbance rejection is implemented for BLDC motor speed regulation. Experimental results compared this SMC control voltage demonstrated a 30% improvement on recovery time, as well as 25% reduction to the maximum disturbance, along with the traditional PI controllers. A full system identification of the motor parameters are also validated rigorously before selection of the SMC parameters. This result brings benefit of a low cost, firmware only efficient BLDC controller algorithm, that is automated in the Embedded system, for disturbance rejection and can be applied to a vast array of products that entails BLDC motors.
Chemo-electro-mechanics of nanodefects in solid-state batteries: A phase-field simulation
Authors: Kamikawa Yuki , Amezawa Koji , Terada Kenjiro
Published: December 2023

Solid electrolytes (SEs) encompass various types of nanodefects, including grain boundaries (GBs) and nanovoids at the Li metal/SE interface, where lithium dendrite penetration has been extensively observed. Despite the importance of ion transport near GBs with different anisotropy and the combinatorial effects with interfacial nanovoids, a comprehensive understanding of these phenomena has remained elusive. This study develops an electro-chemo-mechanical phase-field model to elucidate how Li penetrates Li7La3Zr2O12 (LLZO) in the co-presence of GBs and interfacial nanovoids. The investigation unveils a GB-anisotropy-dependent behavior for Li-ion transport correlated with the presence of interfacial nanovoids. Notably, the Σ1 GB exhibits faster Li dendrite growth, particularly in the co-presence of interfacial nanovoids. The model quantitatively reveals whether interfacial electronic properties dominate Li deposit morphology and penetration, providing a strategy for designing stable Li/SE interfaces. These findings help prioritize approaches for optimally tailoring nanodefects and exploiting synergetic effects at the interface to prevent dendrite formation.
Social Media Influence on COVID-19 Vaccine Perceptions Among University Students: A Malawi Case Study
Authors: Folotiya Mervis , Ngoma Chimwemwe
Published: December 2023

Introduction
The global fight against the COVID-19 pandemic relies significantly on vaccination. The collective international effort has been massive, but the pace of vaccination finds hindrance due to supply and vaccine hesitancy factors. Understanding public perceptions, especially through the lens of social media, is important. This study investigates the impact of social media on COVID-19 vaccine perceptions among university students in Malawi.
Methodology
The study utilized a quantitative methodology and employed a cross-sectional study design to explore the relationship between social media dynamics and COVID-19 vaccine perceptions among 382 randomly sampled students at MUBAS. Data, collected by use of a Likert-scale questionnaire, was analyzed using IBM SPSS 20 for descriptive statistics and Pearson correlation tests.
Results and discussion
The findings reveal crucial correlations. Specifically, trust in online vaccine information shows a positive correlation (r = 0.296, p < 0.01) with active engagement in social media discussions. Conversely, a negative correlation surfaces concerning individuals' reactions to vaccine availability in Malawi (r = -0.026, p > 0.05), necessitating an exploration of influencing factors. The demographic overview underscores the need for tailored communication strategies, given the dominance of the 16 to 30 age group, representing 92.9% of respondents.
Conclusion
The identified correlations emphasize the need for careful communication strategies tailored to combat misinformation and enhance vaccine acceptance among the younger demographic in Malawi.
Predictive Modeling of Slope Stability Using Hybrid Machine Learning Approaches: PCA- GMM based WOA-XGBoost
Authors: Kamran Muhammad
Published: December 2023

Slope instability is a widespread environmental concern that affects all geographical regions. It is crucial to consider slope instability in mining, civil, tunnelling, and geotechnical engineering projects. A catastrophic event involving slope instability can lead to severe economic losses, casualties, and property damage. This study introduces the predictive modelling of slope stability using hybrid machine learning approaches. Firstly, a total of 404 events of slope stability were gathered using easily accessible input attributes. Secondly, principal component analysis (PCA) has been applied to reduce the dimension of the slope stability dataset. Thirdly, gaussian mixture model (GMM) was employed to categorize the PCA obtained dataset into distinct clusters. Fourthly, the parameters of extreme gradient boosting (XGBoost) were optimized using whale optimization algorithm (WOA). Lastly, the performance of the suggested model was assessed using several performance indices. The results indicate that the proposed hybrid PCA-GMM based WOA-XGBoost model exhibits the highest level of reliability. The proposed unsupervised-supervised machine learning method using a metaheuristic algorithm technique can considerably reduce slope-related disastrous incidents while rendering mining operations safer and more sustainable.
Alkaline pre-treatment enhances silicon release efficiency of silicon-rich biochar
Authors: Wu Duoji , Wei Zongqiang , Xia Lijia , Yuan Weiqi , Hu Zuwu , Wu Jianfu
Published: December 2023

Background and Aims
Silicon (Si) -accumulating plants alleviate the problem of low soil Si availability due to high weathering by absorbing labile Si from phytoliths in the soil. However, the efficient release of Si from Si-rich plant residues has not been well studied.
Methods
Rice husk and bamboo leaves were prepared and transformed into rice husk biochar (RHB), bamboo leaf biochar (BLB) and their alkali-modified biochar (ARHB, ABLB), which were then applied to highly weathered soils (high-available Si soil (HASi) and low-available Si soil (LASi)). Explore efficient Si release pathways and evaluate their potentials as efficient Si fertilizers.
Results
The first-order model demonstrated that the biochar Si pools were divided into rapidly-released Si pool C1 and slowly-released Si pool C2, and that alkali-modified biochar had higher Si solubilization capacity. A soil incubation experiment showed that available Si of the soils treated with alkali-modified biochar were significantly increased compared to those treated with original biochar, and this effect was more significant in LASi. In a rice growth pot experiment, biochar addition increased the grain, straw, and root Si concentration in LASi, with the effect being independent of amount added. However, for HASi, Si-rich biochar had no effect on straw Si concentration.
Conclusions
The alkaline pre-treatment of Si-rich biomass can improve its Si release efficiency, leading to increased labile Si content in the soil and improved soil Si availability. Therefore, alkali-modified Si-rich biochar can better sustain Si availability in soils characterized by high weathering and severe desilication.
Chloroplast-actin filaments decide the direction of chloroplast avoidance movement under strong light in Arabidopsis thaliana
Authors: wada masamitsu , Higa Takeshi , Kato Kaoru , Moritoki Nobuko , Nakai Tomonori , Nishino Yuri , Miyazawa Atsuo , Shibata Shinsuke , Mineyuki Yoshinobu
Published: December 2023

Chloroplast-actin (cp-actin) filaments are crucial for light-induced chloroplast movement, and appear in the front region of moving chloroplasts when visualized using GFP-mouse Talin. They are short and thick, exist between a chloroplast and the plasma membrane, and move actively and rapidly compared to cytoplasmic long actin filaments that run through a cell. The average period during which a cp-actin filament was observed at the same position was less than 0.5 sec. The average lengths of the cp-actin filaments calculated from those at the front region of the moving chloroplast and those around the chloroplast periphery after stopping the movement were almost the same, approximately 0.8 µm. Each cp-actin filament is shown as a dotted line consisting of 4-5 dots. The vector sum of cp-actin filaments in a moving chloroplast is parallel to the moving direction of the chloroplast, suggesting that the direction of chloroplast movement is regulated by the vector sum of cp-actin filaments. However, once the chloroplasts stopped moving, the vector sum of the cp-actin filaments around the chloroplast periphery was close to zero, indicating that the direction of movement was undecided. To determine the precise structure of cp-actin filaments under electron microscopy, Arabidopsis leaves and fern Adiantum capillus-veneris gametophytes were frozen using a high-pressure freezer, and observed under electron microscopy. However, no bundled microfilaments were found, suggesting that the cp-actin filaments were unstable even under high-pressure freezing.
Shape-Guided Detection: A joint network combining object detection and underwater image enhancement together
Authors: Yang Chao , Jiang Longyu , Li Zhicheng , Zhang Xinwen
Published: December 2023

Due to the poor quality of underwater images, they are usually not accurate when used for object detection. Most of the currently available solutions involve pre-processing, such as underwater image enhancement, to improve object detection accuracy. However, the pre-processing approach is to improve the subjective perception of the human eye, which does not necessarily improve the object detection performance and also consumes a lot of computational resources. Therefore, in this paper, we innovatively combine these two tasks and propose Shape-Guided Detection Network (SG Detection). We fuse underwater image enhancement and object detection into one network, where object detection can share clean features through joint learning, thus facilitating underwater object detection , and the object detection results will also guide the direction of underwater image enhancement. Meanwhile, in the SG Detection network, we embed the object shape prior features as a learnable module, and design the Shape Priori Enhancement module to achieve the full fusion and interaction between the prior features and local features. In addition, we innovatively adopt a combination of explicit and implicit constraint approach, which ultimately achieves high object detection accuracy. We have conducted extensive experiments on public available datasets, and we find that our approach achieves up to 10% mAP improvement in object detection performance and significantly increases the processing speed.
Controlling Behaviour of Transparency and Absorption in Three-Coupled Multiple Quantum Wells Via Spontaneously Generated Coherence
Authors: Mukherjee Rohit , Hazra Rohit , Borgohain Nitu
Published: December 2023

This article presents a coherent phenomenon called spontaneously generated coherence (SGC) under the regime of electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) in a three-coupled multiple quantum wells. We demonstrate that the presence of SGC in these quantum wells lead to intriguing modifications in the transparency window within the absorption spectrum. At the same time, modification of the dispersive nature is also demonstrated which enables the feasibility of the system in diverse applications based on light propagation. The absorption and dispersion responses are found to be varied by the individual strength of the first and second control fields in presence as well as in absence of SGC in the EIT regime. The positional shifting of the transparency window and simultaneous modifications in the dispersive profiles by tuning the control field detunings of both the first and second control fields are also revealed. Some absorption and dispersion contours are illustrated for getting better insights into the modifications of the optical responses via SGC. Finally, by manipulating the strength of the SGC parameter, we observe the changes in the respective position of the transparency window and dispersion curve. It is expected that the current investigations will pave novel ways for innovative applications in quantum communications, and fabrication of advanced photonic devices.
Research on Copyright Protection of Live Broadcast Programs of Sports Events From the Perspective of Legal Interpretation
Authors: Li Lei , Sun Hui
Published: December 2023

the newly revised copyright law in 2021 has a significant impact on the protection of live sports programs. In the future, network real-time piracy can be regulated under the new law. However, there is still some room for improvement in the specific application of the new law of the coping legislative model. The definition of audio-visual works needs to be clarified, the scope of broadcasting right and information network communication right needs to be reconstructed, and the expansion explanation of broadcasting organization right needs to be clarified. The new "audio-visual works" in the amendment of the copyright law is essentially a subdivision of video products, which brings original video products into audio-visual works and endows them with complete copyright; For non original video products, the protection of adjacency rights will continue to be given, which can not only meet the practical needs of copyright protection for original producers under the development of video technology, but also fully consider the value of adjacency rights protection for traditional "mechanical" video products. Under the regulation of the new law, the protection of sports event live broadcast copyright and adjacent right to the mode of communication has been expanded to any form, reflecting the consistency of the legal system. Based on the legislative intention of implementing the principle of "technology neutrality" in this amendment, the copyright law should treat the use of works with basically the same implementation purpose and effect and only different communication technical means equally. Therefore, the live broadcast of sports events, whether wireless, wired or network, should be included in the regulation scope of "broadcasting right" in "broadcasting organization right".
Effect of interface on thermal conductivity of graphene- reinforced aluminum matrix composites
Authors: Yan Wang , Xiaoming Du , Siyu Li , Zhendong Sun
Published: December 2023

The thermal conductivity of graphene-reinforced aluminum-based composites was numerically investigated using the finite element method. Firstly, the influence of graphene content, morphology, and orientation on the thermal conductivity of the composite material was studied without interfaces. After obtaining the optimal parameters without interfaces, the effects of interface types and interface thickness were further investigated. The simulation results demonstrated that the thermal conductivity of the composite material improved with increasing graphene content and particle size. The thermal conductivity reached its maximum value when the orientation of the graphene was parallel to the direction of heat flow. When the thermal conductivity of the interface material was greater than that of the matrix, the thermal conductivity of the composite material increased more rapidly with increasing thickness. Conversely, when the thermal conductivity of the interface material was lower than that of the matrix, a smaller intrinsic thermal conductivity resulted in a faster decline in the thermal conductivity of the composite material with increasing thickness. This study reveals that the modification of graphene plays an important role in regulating the thermal conductivity of aluminum matrix composites.
EnsembleBBB: Enhanced accuracy in predicting drug blood-brain barrier permeability with a Machine Learning Ensemble model
Authors: Boulaamane Yassir , Maurady Amal
Published: December 2023

The blood-brain barrier (BBB) serves as a selective and semi-permeable barrier, crucial for maintaining homeostasis within the central nervous system. When developing drugs that act on the brain, understanding the permeability of compounds across the BBB is of utmost importance. However, succinctly formulating this consideration poses a challenge. Clinical experiments are the most accurate method for assessing BBB permeability, but they are time and cost consuming. Hence, computational methods have been explored as an alternative approach to predict BBB permeability. Nevertheless, the issue of accuracy has persistently plagued BBB permeability prediction models. To enhance the precision of BBB permeability prediction, we employed ensemble methods based on popular machine learning algorithms. Our models were trained using a dataset of 7,807 diverse compounds, each encoded with different molecular binary fingerprints. The predictive performance of the developed models was assessed and compared with the literature. We found out that Random Forest algorithm and MACCS fingerprints perform best. Notably, the ensemble model with MACCS fingerprints yielded an AUC of 0.95 in the testing set and a mean AUC of 0.94 in 5-fold cross validation. The applicability domain was evaluated using the William plot, which indicated that the MACCS dataset had the fewest outliers, while the PubChem dataset had the highest number of outliers. The most important features were calculated using the built-in features importance in Random Forest. Furthermore, our model achieved an impressive accuracy of 95% and an AUC of 0.92 in predicting BBB permeability of an external dataset used for benchmarking. This model holds significant promise for facilitating the screening of compounds based on their BBB permeability during the preliminary stages of drug development.
ARDL modeling using R software
Authors: Mestiri Sami
Published: December 2023

The goal of this paper is helping to apply ARDL models using the R software. We will cover its benefits, show how to use the packages and will make interesting recommendations for estimating models ARDL using R.
This paper presents the dynamac package for the statistical language R, demonstrating its main functionalities in a step by step guide.
JEL codes: C15, C88
Dissipation of Chlorantraniliprole, Fipronil and Deltamethrin Residues on Cabbage and Soil
Authors: akoijam romila , NINGOMBAM ARATI , SINGH H N , hanglem chinglemba , TELEM R S , sonia c , singh i m , laha ramgopal
Published: December 2023

The dissipation nature of chlorantraniliprole, fipronil and deltamethrin residues was studied on cabbage and soil. The insecticides such as chlorantraniliprole fipronil and deltamethrin, residues were sprayed as foliar application twice at an interval of 7 days with the recommended doses of deltamethrin (12.5 g a.i./ha), chlorantraniliprole (10 g a.i./ha) and fipronil (50 g a.i./ha). The samples were taken randomly before the application of insecticides and 1 hour after the second spray of insecticides. The repeatability and reproducibility of the residue analysis method of cabbage were found to be 0.30 to 4.50% and 1.84 to 2.39% respectively for all the insecticides whereas that of soil samples ranged from 0.54 to 3.84% and 1.56 to 2.87% respectively for repeatability and reproducibility. The residues were below the detectable limit for all the insecticides at harvest time. The residues of fipronil were found to be more persistent than those of chlorantraniliprole and deltamethrin. Fipronil was found to persist up to the 7th day with a residue of 0.01 mg kg− 1. However, the residues of chlorantraniliprole and deltamethrin persisted upto the 5th day i.e. 0.11 mg kg− 1 and 0.03 mg kg− 1 respectively. Observation revealed that the residues of chlorantraniliprole on the cabbage head dissipated over the course of time and an equally high degree of dissipation was observed. The residues of fipronil were also found to be persistent in soil upto 7th day (0.01 mg kg− 1) as compared to chlorantraniliprole and deltamethrin residues.
Experimental and Theoretical Model of Single Vessel Minimally Invasive Micro-Laser Ablation: Inducing Microvascular Network Remodeling and Blood Flow Redistribution Without Compromising Host Tissue Function
Authors: Gruionu Gabriel , Baish James , McMahon Sean , Blauvelt David , Gruionu Lucian G. , Lenco Mara Onita , Vakoc Benjamin J. , Padera Timothy P. , Munn Lance L.
Published: December 2023

Overly dense microvascular networks are treated by selective reduction of vascular elements. Inappropriate manipulation of microvessels could result in loss of host tissue function or a worsening of the clinical problem. Here, experimental, and computational models were developed to induce blood flow changes via selective artery and vein laser ablation and study the compensatory collateral flow redistribution and vessel diameter remodeling. The microvasculature was imaged non-invasively by bright-field and multi-photon laser microscopy, and Optical Coherence Tomography pre-ablation and up to 30 days post-ablation. A theoretical model of network remodeling was developed to compute blood flow and intravascular pressure and identify vessels most susceptible to changes in flow direction. The skin microvascular remodeling patterns were consistent among the five specimens studied. Significant remodeling occurred at various time points, beginning as early as days 1-3 and continuing beyond day 20. The remodeling patterns included collateral development, venous and arterial reopening, and both outward and inward remodeling, with variations in the time frames for each mouse. In a representative specimen, immediately post-ablation, the average artery and vein diameters increased by 14% and 23%, respectively. At day 20 post-ablation, the maximum increases in arterial and venous diameters were 2.5x and 3.3x, respectively. By day 30, the average artery diameter remained 11% increased whereas the vein diameters returned to near pre-ablation values. Some arteries regenerated across the ablation sites via endothelial cell migration, while veins either reconnected or rerouted flow around the ablation site, likely depending on local pressure driving forces. In the intact network, the theoretical model predicts that the vessels that act as collaterals after flow disruption are those most sensitive to distant changes in pressure. The model results match the post-ablation microvascular remodeling patterns.
The MCM3-AKT/Twist Pathway: Unveiling Its Prognostic Significance in Hepatocellular Carcinoma Progression
Authors: Tang Wei-Guo , Hu Jin-Wu , Li Xian , Sun Qi-Man , Ma Xiao-Lu , Nie Yan-Yan , Xu Yang , Sun Jian , Chang Meng-Qi
Published: December 2023

Background
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), a leading cause of cancer fatalities, challenges clinicians with high recurrence and metastasis rates, urging the need for novel prognostic markers and therapeutic avenues. Minichromosome maintenance complex component 3 (MCM3) has been implicated in various cancers but its role in HCC is not well-characterized.
Methods
We investigated MCM3 expression in HCC through cell line and patient sample analyses, functional assays to determine its effect on cellular behaviors, and signal pathway exploration.
Results
Elevated MCM3 expression was identified in both HCC cell lines and patient tissues, correlating with microvascular invasion, advanced cancer stage, and reduced survival. Functionally, MCM3 fueled HCC cellular proliferation, migration, invasion, and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) in vitro, and expedited tumor growth in vivo. Mechanistically, MCM3 was found to potentiate EMT by upregulating Twist via the AKT signaling pathway.
Conclusions
MCM3 emerges as an oncogenic influencer in HCC, driving disease progression through the AKT/Twist axis. Its expression patterns hold prognostic value, and targeting MCM3 may offer a novel therapeutic strategy for HCC.
Toward the modelling of Laminated Veneer Lumber Stiffness and the influence of the number of plies
Authors: Peignon A. , Serra J. , Cantarel A. , Eyma F. , Castanié B.
Published: December 2023

This research paper studies the influence that the number of plies has on the identification of the mechanical properties of poplar Laminated Veneer Lumber (LVL) from tensile tests, such as its stiffness. LVL poplar specimens were prepared with different ply configurations and subjected to uniaxial tensile tests. Longitudinal and tangential rigidity were characterised in this research paper. The results show that the ply configuration influences the mechanical properties. The influence of the glued faces, the presence of lathe checks, and the glue line are also studied as well as the compression ratio of veneer during the manufacturing of the LVL. All these results provide valuable information for the design and optimization of laminated wood structures. An analytical modelling strategy is proposed to account for the effect of ply numbers, ply orientations, the compression ratio of veneers and the glue used on the stiffness of poplar laminate both in longitudinal and transverse directions.
Begehrt und bedroht
Authors: Sigrid Volk
Published: December 2023

Damals wie heute sind Orchideen beliebte Sammelobjekte. Der Wunsch immer neue Arten zu besitzen, lässt einige Menschen nicht einmal vor Straftaten zurückschrecken. Die größte Gefahr für Orchideen geht heute aber von der Zerstörung ihres Lebensraums aus.
Knappe Knollen
Authors: Veldman Sarina
Published: December 2023

In einigen Ländern haben Lebensmittel aus Orchideen lange Tradition. Die Nachfrage nach Orchideenknollen ist in manchen Regionen so hoch, dass der illegale Handel floriert. Nachhaltige Ernte- und Anbaupraktiken könnten helfen, das Überleben der Pflanzen zu sichern.
Buchtipps
Authors: König Andreas , Hahn Rebecca
Published: December 2023

Lesenswertes rund um Orchideen
The China in foreign policy of the US president Richard Nixon
administration (january-february 1969)
Authors: Goncharenko Anatoliy
Published: December 2023

The article investigates the formation of the foreign policy course of US President Richard M. Nixon on China in January-February 1969. The practical implementation of pre-election initiatives by the administration of President Richard M. Nixon in the Chinese direction in January-February 1969 was studied. There were analyzed reasons, course and consequences of the intensification of Washington's foreign policy strategy toward Beijing during the investigated period. The role of various groups in the American establishment in the process of forming the foreign policy course of the new administration towards China in January-February 1969 is outlined. It describes the specific US foreign policy actions towards communist China at the beginning of Richard M. Nixon's presidential period.
Despite the presence in the political, academic, and social circles of the United States of certain attitudes in favor of the recognition of the People's Republic of China as the political reality of international life, the question of the legal recognition of China in the second half of the 1960s constantly moved to the background.
The victory of Richard М. Nixon in the presidential election in 1968 was accompanied by a series of changes in the system of geopolitical and military priorities of the United States. The new administration’s more realistic approach to China was due primarily to the fact that Beijing, which renounced its alliances and claimed the role of a «third force», was a strong player in the international arena. Moreover, the policy of Kennedy–Johnson did not justify itself, as China has intensified its foreign policy, and established relations with many countries, including the US allies.
At the beginning of the presidency of Richard М. Nixon, in January-February 1969, his administration managed to quickly develop and begin to implement a holistic concept of «new policy» for China. His Chinese policy was inextricably linked to the US foreign policy in Asia and reflected the clash of American and Chinese interests in the region. At the same time, the representatives of the American establishment had a clear idea of how they could influence Soviet-Chinese relations in order to deepen the rift between the USSR and China and what concrete benefits they could derive from this.
A number of objective and subjective factors did not prevent the administration of the 37th President of the United States, Richard М. Nixon, radically changing Washington’s Chinese policy. Communist China continued to be recognized as a powerful factor in the US-Soviet dialogue.
In spite of this, in the late 60s of the twentieth century, the objective preconditions began to evolve gradually, which promoted the normalization of US-China relations in the future and allowed to resolve most of the controversial issues that ultimately led to the international recognition of the People’s Republic of China by the United States of America.