bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Chemo-Photodynamic Therapy With Light-Triggered Disassembly of Theranostic Nanoplatform In Combination With Checkpoint Blockade For Immunotherapy of Hepatocellular Carcinoma
Authors: Xu Jianjun , Zheng Qichang , Cheng Xiang , Hu Shaobo , Zhang Chen , Zhou Xing , Sun Ping , Wang Weimin , Su Zhe , Zou Tianhao , Song Zifang , Xia Yun , Yi Xiaoqing , Gao Yang
Published: September 2021

Background: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a common malignant tumor with high rate of metastasis and recurrence. Although immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) has emerged as a promising type of immunotherapy in advanced HCC, treatment with ICB alone achieves an objective remission rate less than 20%. Thus, combination therapy strategies is needed to improve the treatment response rate and therapeutic effect. Methods: A light-triggered disassembly of nanoplatform (TB/PTX@RTK) co-loaded an aggregation induced emission (AIE) photosensitizer (TB) and paclitaxel (PTX) was prepared for on-command drug release and synergistic chemo-photodynamic therapy (chemo-PDT). Nano-micells were characterized for drug loading content, hydrodynamic size, absorption and emission spectra, reactive oxygen species production, and PTX release from micells. The targeted fluorescence imaging of TB/PTX@RTK micells and the synergistic antitumor efficacy of TB/PTX@RTK micells-mediated chemo-PDT combined with anti-PD-L1 were assessed both in vitro and in vivo.Results: The TB/PTX@RTK micells could specifically accumulate at the tumor site through cRGD-mediated active target and facilitate image-guided PDT for tumor ablation. Once irradiated by light, the AIEgens photosensitizer of TB could produce ROS for PDT, and the thioketal linker could be cleaved by ROS to precise release of PTX in tumor cells. Chemo-PDT could not only synergistically inhibit tumor growth, but also induce immunogenic cell death and elicit anti-tumor immune response. Meanwhile, chemo-PDT significantly upregulated the expression of PD-L1 on tumor cell surface which could efficiently synergize with anti-PD-L1 monoclonal antibodies to induce an abscopal effect, and establish long-term immunological memory to inhibit tumor relapse and metastasis.Conclusion: Our results suggest that the combination of TB/PTX@RTK micell-mediated chemo-PDT therapy with anti-PD-L1 monoclonal antibodies can synergistically enhance systemic antitumor effects, and provide a novel insight into the development of new nanomedicine with precise controlled release and multimodal therapy to enhance the therapeutic efficacy of HCC.
The Impact of Post-Traumatic Stress on Symptom Presentation of Women With Gulf War Illness
Authors: Shastry Nandan , Sultana Esha , Jeffrey Mary , Collado Fanny , Kibler Jeffrey , DeLucia Christian , Fletcher Mary Ann , Klimas Nancy , Craddock Travis J. A.
Published: September 2021

Background: Gulf War Illness (GWI) is a chronic, multi-symptomatic disorder characterized by fatigue, muscle pain, cognitive problems, insomnia, rashes, and gastrointestinal issues affecting an estimated 30% of the ~750,000 returning military Veterans of the 1990–1991 Persian Gulf War. Female Veterans deployed to combat in this war report medical symptoms, like cognition and respiratory troubles, at twice the rate compared to non-deployed female Veterans of the same era. The heterogeneity of GWI symptom presentation complicates diagnosis as well as the identification of effective treatments. This is exacerbated by the presence of co-morbidities. Defining subgroups of the illness may help alleviate these complications. One clear grouping is along the lines of gender. Our aim is to determine if women with GWI can be further subdivided into distinct subgroups based on post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptom presentation.Methods: Veterans diagnosed with GWI (n = 35) and healthy sedentary controls (n = 35) were recruited through the Miami Veterans Affairs Medical Health Center. Symptoms were assessed via the RAND short form health survey, the multidimensional fatigue inventory, and the Davidson trauma scale. Hierarchal regression modeling was performed on measures of health and fatigue with PTSD symptoms as a covariate. This was followed by univariate analyses conducted with two separate GWI groups based on a cut-point of 70 for their total Davidson trauma scale value and performing heteroscedastic t-tests across all measures.Results: Based on the distinct differences found in PTSD symptomology regarding all health and trauma symptoms, two subgroups were derived within female GWI Veterans. Hierarchical regression models displayed the comorbid effects of GWI and PTSD, as both conditions had measurable impacts on physical and social outcomes of poor health (ΔR2 = 0.08- 0.672), with notable differences in mental and emotional measures. Overall, in women with GWI individuals with PTSD, a cut point analysis indicated poorer health outcomes within all measures in comparison to those of women without PTSD symptoms and healthy controls.Conclusions: Our current findings support the understanding that comorbid symptoms of GWI and PTSD subsequently result in poorer experienced health outcomes, along with establishing the possibility of varying clinical presentations.
Stage Specific Comparative Transcriptomic Analysis To Reveal Gene Networks Regulating Iron And Zinc Content In Pearl Millet [Pennisetum glaucum (L.) R. Br.]
Authors: Satyavathi C. Tara , Tomar Rukam S. , Ambawat Supriya , Kheni Jasminkumar , Padhiyar Shital M. , Desai Hiralben , Bhatt S. B. , Shitap M. S. , Meena Ramesh Chand , Singhal Tripti , Sankar S. Mukesh , Singh S. P. , Khandelwal Vikas
Published: September 2021

Pearl millet is an important staple food crop of poor people which is rich in micronutrients like iron and zinc and amenable for focused breeding for these micronutrients along with high yield. Transcriptome sequencing using ION S5 Next Generation Sequencer generated 43.5 million sequence reads resulting in 83,721 transcripts with N50 of 597 bp and 84.35% of transcripts matched with the pearl millet genome assembly. The genotypes having high Fe and Zn showed differential gene expression during different stages. Of which, 155 were up-regulated and 251were down-regulated while during flowering stage and milking stage 349 and 378 transcripts were differentially expressed, respectively. Gene annotation and GO term showed the presence of transcripts involved in metabolic activities associated with uptake and transport of iron and zinc. In the present study, the 83,721 transcripts were also examined for identification of SSRs. A total of 4,327 SSRs were identified with dominance of tri-nucleotide SSRs in comparison to di-nucleotide SSRs. These EST-SSRs can be used in molecular breeding, genetic diversity analysis and determination of heterozygosity of the allelic loci. Information generated will help in gaining insights into iron and zinc metabolism and develop genotypes with high yield, grain iron and zinc content.
Specific Reprogramming of Alpha Cells to Insulin-Producing Cells by Short Glucagon Promoter-Driven Pdx1 and MafA
Authors: Guo Ping , Zhang Ting , Lu Aiping , Shiota Chiyo , Huard Matthieu , Whitney Kaitlyn , Huard Johnny
Published: September 2021

Endogenous reprogramming of pancreas-derived non-beta cells into insulin-producing cells is a promising approach to treat type 1 diabetes (T1D). One strategy that has yet to be explored is the specific delivery of insulin-producing essential genes, Pdx1 and MafA, to pancreatic alpha cells to reprogram the cells into insulin-producing cells in an adult pancreas. In this study, we utilized an alpha cell-specific glucagon (GCG) promoter to drive Pdx1 and MafA transcription factors to reprogram alpha cells to insulin-producing cells in chemically induced and autoimmune diabetic mice. Our results showed that a combination of a short glucagon-specific promoter with AAV serotype 8 can be used to successfully deliver Pdx1 and MafA into alpha cells in the mouse pancreas. Pdx1 and MafA expression specifically in alpha cells was also able to correct hyperglycemia in both induced and autoimmune diabetic mice. With this technology, targeted gene specificity and reprogramming were accomplished with an alpha-specific promotor combined with an AAV-specific serotype and provide an initial basis to develop a novel therapy for the treatment of T1D.
Machine Learning-based Approaches for Identifying Human Cells Harboring Fetal Chromatin Domain Ablations
Authors: Li Yi , Zaheri Shadi , Nguyen Khai , Liu Li , Hassanipour Fatemeh , Bleris Leonidas
Published: September 2021

Two common hemoglobinopathies, sickle cell disease (SCD) and β-thalassemia, arise from genetic mutations within the β-globin gene. A 500-bp motif termed Fetal Chromatin Domain (FCD), upstream of human ϒ-globin locus, may function as a transcriptional regulatory element driving inhibition of the ϒ-globin gene. Here, we hypothesize that the removal of this motif using CRISPR technology may reactivate the expression of ϒ-globin and subsequently restore fetal hemoglobin functionality. In this work we present two different cell morphology-based machine learning approaches that can be used identify cells that harbor FCD genetic modifications. Three candidate models from the first, which uses multilayer perceptron algorithm (MLP 20–26, MLP26-18, and MLP 30 − 26) and flow cytometry-derived cellular data, yielded 0.83 precision, 0.80 recall, 0.82 accuracy, and 0.90 area under the ROC (receiver operating characteristic) curve when predicting the edited cells. In comparison, the candidate model from the second approach, which uses deep learning (T2D5) and DIC microscopy-derived imaging data, performed with less accuracy (0.80) and ROC AUC (0.87). We envision both assays could be valuable and complementary to currently available genotyping protocols for specific genetic modifications which result in morphological changes in human cells.
RNF24 is a Novel Biomarker of Prognosis and Immunological Cell Infiltration in Cancers
Authors: Yu Bin , mei ma
Published: September 2021

Background The RNF family engaged in diverse biological and pathological processes, including tumorigenesis and cancer advance. However, studies about Ring Finger Protein 24 (RNF24) were limited and have not been reported in cancer. A systematic analysis in pan-cancer is a benefit to understand the function of RNF24. Methods RNF24 expression was evaluated in pan-cancer based on the data from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) analyzed by TIMER, UALCAN, GEPIA, and HPA. Then, the effect of RNF24 on the prognostic value was assessed by clinical survival data in Kaplan–Meier Plotter and GEPIA. And mutation burden and related survival of RNF24 was observed in cBioPortal. Furthermore, protein-protein interaction (PPI) networks of RNF24 and pathway enrichment analysis were explored on multiple websites. Lastly, relationships between RNF24 expression and immune cells infiltration were analyzed in the TIMER2 online database with various algorithms. Results The mRNA and protein levels of RNF24 were significantly upregulated in most types of cancer compared to normal tissues. And RNF24 was a reliable biomarker to predict prognosis in at least 10 types of cancer, including liver hepatocellular carcinoma (LIHC). In addition, we showed the genetic alteration, PPI networks, and functional pathway of RNF24. Moreover, immune cell infiltration exhibited RNF24 expression negatively linked to CD8+ T cells, but positively to Tregs, MDSCs, HSC, and macrophages in pan-cancer.Conclusions Our pan-cancer analysis revealed RNF24 as an oncogene and its expression predicted OS in multiple human cancers, especially in LIHC. RNF24 might predict the immunotherapy response for cancer patients based on its expression with infiltration of immune and immunosuppressive cells.
Sodium Alginate Supplementation Plus HIIT and MICT Can Induce CCK and PYY Increment in Men With Metabolic Syndrome
Authors: Ebrahimi Alireza , azizi Mohammad , Tahmasebi Worya , Hoseini Rastegar
Published: September 2021

Background: Abdominal obesity is a common phenomenon in metabolic syndrome (MetS). Inducing satiety by weight management plays an important role in reducing the risk of obesity and consequently MetS. This study was investigated effect of sodium alginate supplementation plus HIIT and MICT on CCK and PYY increment in MetS men. Methods: For this purpose, 40 men with MetS volunteered and were randomly divided into five groups as follow: HIIT groups with supplement (n=8, 4*4 min bouts at 85-95% of HRpeak, with 3 min of active recovery at 50-70% HRpeak, 3 ses/week), HIIT (n=8, 4*4 min bouts at 85-95% of HRpeak, with 3 min of active recovery at 50-70% HRpeak, 3 ses/week), MICT with supplement (n=8, 30 min at 60-70% HRpeak, 3 ses/week), MICT (n=8, 30 min at 60-70% HRpeak, 3 ses/week) and control group (n = 8, no exercise). The HITT+S and MICT+S groups consumed 1.5 g of Sigma sodium alginate (made in the USA) solution in 100 mg of sweet water (7 g of fructose), 30 minutes before 3 main meals three days per week during 8 weeks. Results: After 8 weeks of interventions, CCK and PYY were markedly increased in the studied groups, this increase was significantly greater in the HIIT+S than other groups. Also, the MetS Z score was significantly decreased in all studied groups and this decrease was significantly higher in the HIIT+S than other groups (P <0.05). Conclusion: The results showed that HIIT and MICT led to an overall improvement in men with MetS. However, combining sodium alginate supplementation triggers these improvements.Trial registration: IRCT20190916044788N1. Registered 12 march 2020, https://www.irct.ir/
High resolution ancient sedimentary DNA shows that alpine plant biodiversity is a result of human land use
Authors: Garcés-Pastor Sandra , Coissac Eric , Lavergne Sebastien , Schwoerer Christoph , Theurillat Jean-Paul , Heintzman Pete , Wangensteen Owen , Tinner Willy , Rey Fabian , Heer Martina , Rutzer Astrid , Walsh Kevin , Lammers Youri , Brown Antony , Goslar Tomasz , . PhyloAlps Consortium , Heiri Oliver , Alsos Inger
Published: September 2021

Alpine areas are well known biodiversity hotspots, but their future may be threatened by expanding forest and changing human land use. Here, we reconstructed past vegetation, climate, and livestock over the past ~ 12,000 years from Lake Sulsseewli (European Alps), based on sedimentary ancient DNA, pollen, spores, chironomids, and microcharcoal. We assembled a highly-complete local DNA reference library (PhyloAlps, 3,923 plant species), and used this to obtain an exceptionally rich sedaDNA record of 366 plant taxa. The vegetation mainly responded to temperature during the first half of the Holocene, while human activity drove changes from 6 ka onwards. Land-use shifted from episodic grazing (Neolithic, Bronze Age) to agropastoral intensification (Medieval Age). This prompted a coexistence of species typically found at different elevational belts, thereby increasing plant richness to levels that characterise present-day alpine diversity. Our results indicate that traditional agropastoral activities should be maintained to prevent reforestation and preserve alpine plant biodiversity.
Assessing the Effects of Greenness on Disability-adjusted Life Years (DALYs) for Depressive Disorder: a Global Analysis
Authors: Asri Aji Kusumaning , Tsai Hui-Ju , Lee Hsiao-Yun , Chang Hao-Ting , Wong Pei-Yi , Lung Shih-Chun Candice , Pan Wen-Chi , Guo Yue-Liang Leon , Yu Chia-Pin , Wu Chi-Shin , Su Huey-Jen , Wu Chih-Da , Spengler John D.
Published: September 2021

By using country-level data collected from 183 countries worldwide, this ecological study aimed to investigate the association between greenness and depressive disorders globally. We used the normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) to estimate greenness exposure. The disability-adjusted life years (DALY) provided by the World Health Organization was used as a proxy for health burden due to depressive disorders. A linear mixed model algorithm was used to assess the association after controlling for pertinent covariates. Stratified analyses were then conducted to determine the effects of greenness on different groups, stratified by age, sex, economic status, urbanization level, and continent, respectively. The main findings show a significant negative association between greenness and depressive disorders with an NDVI coefficient of -0.58 (95% CI: -1.06, -0.10) for change in DALY. The results from the subgroup analyses suggested significant beneficial effects of greenness on depressive disorders across sex, various age groups, and especially for those aged less than 49 years, with low-income and/or those living in highly urbanized countries as well as Asian, African, and American regions. In short, the findings can add additional evidence of the possible benefits of green exposure on mental health and further reduces the risk of depressive disorders.
A UCMPs@MIL-100 based thermo-sensitive molecularly imprinted fluorescence sensor for effective detection of β-lactoglobulin allergen in milk products
Authors: Hong Liping , Pan Mingfei , Xie Xiaoqian , Liu Kaixin , Yang Jingying , Wang Shan , Wang Shuo
Published: September 2021

In this study, a thermo-sensitive molecularly imprinted fluorescence sensor was developed for the specific detection of β-Lactoglobulin (β-LG) allergen in milk products. The metal-organic frameworks (MIL-100) with a high specific surface area was coated on the surface of upconversion micro-particles (UCMPs). As the core, an imprinted polymer layer allowing for swelling and shrinking with response to temperature was prepared, which exhibited high adsorption and mass transfer capabilities for β-LG allergen. The fluorescence intensity of UCMPs@MIL-100@MIP decreased linearly with the concentration of β-LG in the range of 0.1–0.8 mg mL− 1 with detection limit of 0.043 mg mL− 1. The imprinting factor reached 3.415, which indicated excellent specificity of the UCMPs@MIL-100@MIP for β-LG allergen. In the analysis of β-LG allergen in actual milk samples, the proposed UCMPs@MIL-100@MIP fluorescence sensor produced reliable and accurate results (recovery: 86.0–98.4%, RSD: 2.8–6.8%), closely related to the results of standard HPLC method (correlation coefficient: 0.9949), indicating its feasibility in the detection of β-LG allergen.
Multi-ocular Organoids from Human iPS Cells Displayed Retina, Cornea, and RPE Lineages
Authors: Isla-Magrané Helena , Veiga Anna , García-Arumí José , Duarri Anna
Published: September 2021

Background: The mammalian eye is a complex organ, comprising different highly specialized tissues derived from various cell linages, including neural ectoderm, surface ectoderm, neural crest and the periocular mesenchyme. Great efforts have been made to design protocols for obtaining ocular cells from human stem cells to model diseases or for regenerative purposes, but the complex crosstalk between ocular cell types driving self-organizing growth is usually limited by restricted experimental designs. Current protocols are overall focused on the isolation of retinal, retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) or corneal cells. Here, we obtained multi-ocular organoids from human induced pluripotent stem cells. Methods: We sought to establish a simple method to induce eye field-commitment in 2D hiPSC cultures with the aim of obtaining self-organized multi-zone ocular progenitor cells in 3 weeks. From this starting point, we generated 3D multi-ocular organoids from the same culture, recapitulating important cellular features of the developing eye. Results: Self-formed multi-zone ocular progenitors in 2D culture spanned the neuroectoderm, surface ectoderm, neural crest and RPE. After manual isolation and growth in suspension, they develop into different 3D multi-ocular organoids composed of multiple cell lineages: retinal pigment epithelium, retina and cornea which could be also generated individually. Within these organoids, retinal regions display correct layering and harbor all major retinal cell subtypes as well as retinal morphological cues, whereas corneal regions closely resemble the transparent ocular-surface epithelium with characteristics of corneal, limbal and conjunctival epithelial cells. RPE also arranged to form organoids composed of polarized pigmented epithelial cells at the surface, full-filled with collagen matrix. Conclusions: The multi-ocular organoids offer a new platform to study early human eye development and disease, and provide a source of human ocular cells from the same individual.
Biogeneration and physico-chemical properties of panchagavya fortified chicken feather vermicompost
Authors: Arthanari Mohan , Kumar Dhanapalan Senthil , Jayachandran Ravikumar , Yuvaraj Ananthanarayanan , Thangaraj Ramasundaram
Published: September 2021

An enormous amount of chicken feather waste materials released by the poultry industry creates severe environmental pollution. Vermicomposting is an eco-friendly way to degrade chicken feather waste along with microbial mixture (Panchagavya). Chicken feather waste was pre-decomposed by mixing it with fresh cow dung (T1), dry cow dung (T2), and Panchagavya (T3). Among these, T3 exhibits rapid deterioration of chicken feather waste and seven combination T3 substrates (E0-E6), taken for the vermicomposting process by Eudrilus eugeniae in 60 days. Scanning Electron Microscopy/Energy Dispersive Spectroscopy (SEM-EDS) and Fourier Transforms Infrared (FT-IR) Spectroscopy are used to assess compost maturity. The result shows that E1 (0.050:1 ratio) shows various functional groups, rich nutrients, and necessary acids than other combinations. For large-scale commercial vermi-stabilization of chicken feather waste, the E1 combination is suitable for manure production and thereby enhances soil fertility, agricultural production.
Efficiency analysis of a multiport patch antenna
Authors:   Siberian Federal University, Gafarov E. R. , Salomatov Y. P. ,   Siberian Federal University
Published: September 2021

The article considers the patch antenna with several ports to excite a circular polarization. The effect of excitation ports number on the total efficiency of antenna was investigated. Taking into account the mutual coupling of the antenna ports, the total active reflection coefficient was estimated. A comparison of the calculated characteristics and the data obtained by CAD-modeling was carried out. It was shown that the total efficiency of the multiport patch antenna is independent from the number of excitation ports
Software system for detecting brick defects based on computer vision methods
Authors:   Tomsk State University of Control Systems and Radioelectronics (TUSUR), Kataev M. Yu. , Karpov R. K. ,   Tomsk State University of Control Systems and Radioelectronics (TUSUR), Laminsky K. A. ,   Tomsk State University of Control Systems and Radioelectronics (TUSUR)
Published: September 2021

For industrial enterprises, an important area of activity is the use of non-destructive testing in assessing product quality. One of the most developed approaches in practice are optical methods (visible or infrared spectral regions) and associated algorithmic approaches to computer vision. Today a large number of industries use a manual method for detecting defects, which is labor-intensive, slow and subjective. The article presents a description of an automated optical control system to detect imperfections in bricks on a conveyor belt during their production. The optical control is based on RGB images from digital cameras. The processing algorithm is shown and the results obtained are presented
Synthesis of two-frequency current by a parallel-to-series resonant LCLC-converter with multiple pulse-width modulation
Authors:   Tomsk State University of Control Systems and Radioelectronics (TUSUR), Osipov A. V.
Published: September 2021

The methods to form a two-frequency inductor current in a resonant converter with multiple pulse-width modulation for systems of induction heating of complex surface shape bodies are considered. The study of the methods used to form and to regulate the frequency components of the inductor current is carried out. The approaches to assess the energy efficiency of two frequency converters are proposed and its assessment is carried out for multiple PWM by the values of power factors and overall power. It is shown that the high-frequency harmonic is formed by two components: the one that is generated by multiple modulation and the one contained in the rectangular voltage of low frequency, the latter significantly affects the energy characteristics. The advantages in terms of energy of bipolar PWM over unipolar PWM are shown
Development and Evaluation of a Turkish Language Version of the Relational Health Indices
Authors: CAN Nesime , HAKTANIR Abdulkadir , LENZ A. Stephen , WATSON Joshua C.
Published: September 2021

Counseling scholars have increasingly utilized the relational-cultural theory (RCT) to promote growth fostering connections as a healthy way of managing various life problems. The Relational Health Indices (RHI) was developed to understand relational interactions among women. In an attempt to broaden the utility of the RHI, the purpose of this study was to develop and validate a Turkish language version of the RHI for research and clinical use. In translating the RHI from English to Turkish, we followed a seven-step process. Data were collected from 213 Turkish-speaking college students enrolled in two Turkish public universities with the mean age of 22.29 (SD= 3.41). The findings revealed that the RHI-T proved to be a two-factor structure (the Peer and Mentor subscales) among Turkish students and that the Community subscale was not an acceptable fit even after removing several items. Potential explanations, implications, and recommendations for clinical use and future research are provided.
The Effect of Formative Assessment Practices on Student Learning: A Meta-Analysis Study
Authors: KARAMAN Pınar
Published: September 2021

The main purpose of this meta-analysis study is to investigate how formative assessment practices promote student learning in Turkey. 32 studies with 47 effect sizes that met the specified criteria such as using true experimental or quasi-experimental design and measuring learning outcomes were included as the final analysis in the meta-analytical review method. The overall mean effect size of the study was obtained as .72 (SE= .07, p< .05). Further investigation through subgroup analysis showed that the effect sizes made a significant difference on different types of formative feedback. The effect of features of formative assessment interventions on student learning indicated that student initiated formative feedback (d=1.16) and mixed feedback (d=.83) had a large effect, which was followed by a medium effect of adult initiated formative feedback (d=.69) and a small effect of computer initiated formative feedback (d =.42). On the other hand, education level and publication type had no effect on student academic performance in the study. These findings support the positive effect of formative assessment practices on student learning. Such a result suggests that increasing the number of different types of formative assessment practices in the classrooms would promise a considerable contribution to student learning.
Bosonic and fermionic Gaussian states from Kähler structures
Authors: Hackl Lucas , Bianchi Eugenio
Published: September 2021

We show that bosonic and fermionic Gaussian states (also known as
``squeezed coherent states’’) can be uniquely characterized by their
linear complex structure JJ
which is a linear map on the classical phase space. This extends
conventional Gaussian methods based on covariance matrices and provides
a unified framework to treat bosons and fermions simultaneously. Pure
Gaussian states can be identified with the triple
(G,\Omega,J)(G,Ω,J)
of compatible Kähler structures, consisting of a positive definite
metric GG,
a symplectic form \OmegaΩ
and a linear complex structure JJ
with J^2=-\mathbb{1}J2=−1.
Mixed Gaussian states can also be identified with such a triple, but
with J^2\neq -\mathbb{1}J2≠−1.
We apply these methods to show how computations involving Gaussian
states can be reduced to algebraic operations of these objects, leading
to many known and some unknown identities. We apply these methods to the
study of (A) entanglement and complexity, (B) dynamics of stable
systems, (C) dynamics of driven systems. From this, we compile a
comprehensive list of mathematical structures and formulas to compare
bosonic and fermionic Gaussian states side-by-side.
THE ROLE OF EDUCATION IN NEEDS ASSESSMENT FOR SELF-ACTUALIZATION AND SELF-TRANSCENDENCE IN JUVENILE DELINQUENTS
Authors: Perveen Kausar , Juzer Maria , Shabbir Zenab
Published: September 2021

The main objective of the present study focused on the role of education in achieving the level of self-actualization and self-transcendence among inmates. The inmates were in the sensitive age of their life. They should be exposed to academic education rather than violence and the appropriate place for them is the school and not the prison. The present research was a quantitative study. The universe of the present study was the Industrial Schools, YOIS (Youthful Offenders Industrial School) in Karachi. Purposive sampling method has been applied because this form of sampling generally considers the respondents with common characteristics, untypical and deviant behavior that tries to figure out where such individuals can be found and then allows the researcher might decide to go to certain street or to a particular bar to study them. The respondents were 120 inmates, the entire population which was interviewed purposively. The data was collected through structured questionnaire and analyzed through SPSS. The major findings showed the impact of education is helpful to improve the present status and act as a predictor in satisfying the needs assessment for self-actualization and self-transcendence to make these delinquents useful and potential being when they leave the industrial school.
A FAST DYNAMIC PROGRAMMING ALGORITHM FOR STOPE BOUNDARY LAYOUT FOR UNDERGROUND MINE
Authors:   Department of Mathematics, Federal University Birnin Kebbi., A. Abdulsalaam Sakirudeen
Published: September 2021

We developed an efficient algorithm that generates optimal stope layout for an underground mine. After a mining site has been identified and an exploration has been done, the data gathered is analysed and a modelling technique is applied to produce an ore body. The ore body is divided into thousands of mining blocks in three dimensions. The blocks are assigned values per tonne. The miners desire a stope layout which maximizes the mine value. In this paper, we present a fast algorithm that generates the stope layout efficiently without violating the physical constraints.
Building Students’ Moral Through Uswatun Hasanah Principles: A Systematic Literature Review
Authors: Kandiri Kandiri , Arfandi Arfandi , Zamili Moh. , Masykuri Masykuri
Published: September 2021

School or madrasah needs to instill good attitudes in the form of speech and behavior in daily activities. The prophet taught Muslims a good example (uswatun hasanah) for students when they gathered and interacted with different communities. Uswatun hasanah, or excellent conduct, is an Islamic religious value born from training and habitual action by providing a good example. Religious and moral education is essential as the root of forming a believer-pious person. This study seeks to understand uswatun hasanah through systematic literature by exploring knowledge patterns in the national database. The results indicate that good moral guidance (uswah) is not based on theoretical teaching but necessitates concrete examples through the role and responsibility of educators in the context of learning and learning processes. As such, educators should be an example (uswatun hasanah) (a good example) for students through excellent conduct in day-to-day activities.
Analysis of the Molecular Mechanisms by Flavonoids with Potential
Use for Osteoporosis Prevention or Therapy
Authors: Rodríguez Valeria , Rivoira María , Picotto Gabriela , de Barboza Gabriela Díaz , Collin Alejandro , Tolosa de Talamoni Nori
Published: September 2021

Background:

Osteoporosis is the most common skeletal disorder worldwide.
Flavonoids have the potential to alleviate bone alterations in osteoporotic patients with the
advantage of being safer and less expensive than conventional therapies.

Objective:

The main objective is to analyze the molecular mechanisms triggered in bone
by different subclasses of flavonoids. In addition, this review provides an up-to-date
overview of the cellular and molecular aspects of osteoporotic bones versus healthy
bones, and a brief description of some epidemiological studies indicating that flavonoids
could be useful for osteoporosis treatment.

Methods:

The PubMed database was searched in 2001- 2021 using the keywords osteoporosis,
flavonoids, and their subclasses such as flavones, flavonols, flavanols, isoflavones, flavanones
and anthocyanins, focusing the data on the molecular mechanisms triggered in bone.

Results:

Although flavonoids comprise many compounds that differ in structure, their effects
on bone loss in postmenopausal women or in ovariectomized-induced osteoporotic
animals are quite similar. Most of them increase bone mineral density and bone strength,
which occur through an enhancement of osteoblastogenesis and osteoclast apoptosis, a
decrease in osteoclastogenesis, as well as an increase in neovascularization on the site of
the osteoporotic fracture.

Conclusion:

Several molecules of signaling pathways are involved in the effect of flavonoids
on osteoporotic bone. Whether all flavonoids have a common mechanism or they
act as ligands of estrogen receptors remains to be established. More clinical trials are necessary
to know better their safety, efficacy, delivery and bioavailability in humans, as well
as comparative studies with conventional therapies.
Synthesis of Antipsychotic Drug, Cariprazine: An Improved and Commercially
Viable Synthetic Approach
Authors: Singavarapu Adilakshmi , Reddipalli Gowri Sankar , Ghojala Venkat Reddy
Published: September 2021

:

The novel synthetic route to an antipsychotic drug Cariprazine was developed and demonstrated on a commercial scale. The synthesis of Cariprazine is achieved from N-(4-oxocyclohexyl) acetamide by using various reactions such as Wittig-Horner reaction, reduction of alkene, hydrolysis of ester, deacylation, amidation, reduction of weinreb amide to yield the corresponding aldehyde, and finally reductive amination of aldehyde in presence of the corresponding amine to form Cariprazine. In this article, we report a novel intermediate 2-[trans-4-(3,3-Dimethylureido)cyclohexyl]-N-methoxy-N-methylacetamide by avoiding potentially genotoxic substances/intermediates, tedious, drastic reaction conditions.
The High Potency of Polymeric Nanoparticles in the Drug Delivery System
for Hypertension Treatment: A Systematic Review
Authors: Mohammadipour Fatemeh , Kiani Aliasghar , Amin Arash
Published: September 2021

Background:

Polymeric nanomaterials with sizes ranging from 10 to 1000 nm are one
of the most widely used types of nanoparticles with ideal properties in the drug delivery systems.
Here, we decided to systematically review the antihypertensive effects of polymeric nanomaterials
in vitro, in vivo, and clinical trials.

Methods:

The present review was conducted based on the 06- PRISMA guideline; whereas five English
databases, including Scopus, PubMed, Web of Science, EMBASE, and Google Scholar without
time limitation were used for searching the publications related to antihypertensive effects of
natural and synthetic polymeric nanoparticles.

Results:

The results demonstrated that among 1701 papers, 25 papers including 11 in vitro (44%),
6 in vivo (24%), 7 in vitro / in vivo (28%), and 1 in vitro / ex vivo (4%) up to 2020, met the inclusion
criteria for discussion in this systematic review. The most used nanoparticles were poly-(lactic-
co-glycolic) acid nanoparticle (PLGANPs) (7, 29.2%), chitosan based nanoparticles (6, 25%),
followed by polylactide acid nanoparticles (5, 20.8%).

Conclusion:

We concluded that the high potency of polymeric nanoparticles in the drug delivery
system was for hypertension treatment. Although the accurate mechanisms are not fully understood;
however, some mechanisms, such as sustained release forms with increased bioavailability,
increasing oral bioavailability and improving the oral and non-oral absorption, counteracting excessive
superoxide and decreasing blood pressure, etc. can be related to these nanoparticles.
Comparison of the Mechanical Properties of Temporary Abutments Made of Polyetheretherketone and Photopolymeric Resin
Authors: Barragán-Paredes Maria -Alejandra , Mosquera-Victoria Isabella , Viveros-Rebolledo Carlos Alberto , Rodríguez-Paz Martha Lucia , Muñoz-Velez Mario Fernando , Valencia - Llano Carlos Humberto
Published: September 2021

Background:

Provisional abutments are widely used in the rehabilitation of dental implants as it allows the use of a provisional crown in order to restore patient aesthetics while the final restoration is being carried out; most of the temporary abutments available on the market are made of titanium alloygrade V (type Ti-6Al-4Va) and polyetheretherketone (PEEK), a material that exhibits very low adhesion to polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA).

Objective:

This research is aimed to compare the mechanical properties of commercially available PEEK abutments and abutments made using an additive technique with photopolymeric resin.

Methods:

Eighteen commercial temporary abutments manufactured in PEEK and eighteen experimental abutments manufactured by 3D printing using photopolymeric resin were used. The two groups of abutments were subjected to compression, bending and adhesion tests using six abutments of each type by test. Statistical analysis was performed with STATA 14 software. The data were analyzed by means of the Wilcoxon Mann-Whitney test, as these were two independent samples of reduced size. Values ​​lower than (p <0.05) were considered statistically significant in all tests and rejected the null hypothesis of equality between the group medians.

Conclusion:

The results indicate that it is possible to make abutments with good mechanical properties in photopolymeric resin (CLEAR FLGP04) using additive techniques to be used as temporary abutments.
The Effect of Self-Reported Diabetes on Alveolar Bone Loss and Number of Missing Teeth
Authors: Kayal Rayyan A. , Almutadares Mohammed , Algarni Abdullah , Alfaifi Khalid , Bahammam Maha A. , Alhazzazi Turki Y.
Published: September 2021

Background:

Diabetes mellitus, a major public health problem worldwide, is a known risk factor for periodontitis.

Objective:

This study aimed to investigate the effect of diabetes on periodontal health in a Saudi population by assessing alveolar bone level, and the number of missing teeth.

Methods:

In this retrospective study, the dental records of 203 patients (30–70 years old) patients (diabetic group = 102; control = 101) who visited King Abdulaziz University, Faculty of Dentistry, were examined through panoramic radiography. Bone loss measurements were carried out using the Ramfjord teeth index, and the number of missing teeth was counted for both groups. Independent t-test was used for comparing the total average represented by two group means, while Chi-square test was utilized to establish relationships between categorical variables.

Results:

The diabetic group had a significant 1.35-fold higher mean total bone loss (3.59 ± 1.37) compared to the control (2.66 ± 1.05). This was statistically significant in both genders (p = 001) and in >45 years old age group (p <0.05). The number of missing teeth was significantly higher in diabetic patients compared to control patients, specifically when missing >10 teeth and belonging to >55 years old age group (p <0.05).

Conclusion:

Our findings have shown a positive association between periodontal disease and diabetic patients, emphasizing the importance of early screening and diagnosis of diabetes and periodontitis in Saudi Arabia, which would help patients to avoid alveolar bone and tooth loss at early stages.
Spatial Analysis of Perceived Health System Capability and Actual Health System Capacity for COVID-19 in South Africa
Authors: Mokhele Tholang , Sewpaul Ronel , Sifunda Sibusiso , Weir-Smith Gina , Dlamini Simangele , Manyaapelo Thabang , Naidoo Inbarani , Parker Whadi-Ah , Dukhi Natisha , Jooste Sean , Parker Saahier , Zuma Khangelani , Moshabela Mosa , Mabaso Musawenkosi , Reddy Sasiragha P.
Published: September 2021

Introduction:

People’s confidence in the health system's capability in managing the COVID-19 pandemic can determine public support, risk perceptions, and compliance to the required behaviors during the pandemic. Therefore, this paper investigated people’s perception of health system capability to manage the COVID-19 pandemic in different spatial areas across the country using data from an online survey.

Methods:

Multivariate logistic regression models were used to examine factors associated with people’s perception of the health system capability to manage the COVID-19 pandemic at the national and provincial levels. Spatial comparative analysis was conducted to contrast spatial density indicators of the number of hospitals, hospital beds, and ICU beds per given population across various provinces.

Results:

Findings showed that South Africans had low confidence in the health system capability, with only two in five (40.7%) reporting that they thought that the country’s health system was able to manage the COVID-19 pandemic. Sex and knowledge on COVID-19 were significantly associated with the people’s perception of the health system capability to manage the pandemic at the national level and in four of the nine provinces.

Conclusion:

Overall, the findings of this study clearly highlight challenges facing the country’s health system, both perceived or real, that needed to be addressed as part of the preparation for the COVID-19 pandemic. Timeous implementation of a countrywide National Health Insurance (NHI) system is now more critical than ever in improving healthcare outcomes of the South African population beyond the existence of the COVID-19 epidemic.
Corrupción política: una (nueva) mirada a la luz de la “cara oculta de los derechos fundamentales” y el principio anticorrupción
Authors: Mizumukai Rodrigues Graziele
Published: September 2021

O presente artigo visa a apresentar a constatação de que a corrupção política se caracteriza como verdadeira violação ao dever fundamental dos agentes políticos de manutenção do pacto social, implicando a ofensa aos direitos fundamentais dos indivíduos que compõem a comunidade política brasileira. A partir desse enfoque e com respaldo no princípio anticorrupção, pode-se conduzir a corrupção política para o nível constitucional, para o âmbito dos deveres fundamentais da pessoa frente à comunidade que compõe o Estado e permite, assim, elevar a responsabilização dos corruptores políticos ao nível de infração de dever fundamental, uma vez que atentam contra a própria estrutura do Estado, enfraquecendo a soberania, violando as instituições democráticas e, em última instância, a dignidade humana.
¿Anticomunismo sin comunismo? La construcción del feminismo como enemigo estratégico de las nuevas derechas y el dilema de la reproducción social
Authors: Exposito Julia Esperanza , Saidel Matías Leandro
Published: September 2021

Este trabajo reflexiona sobre la construcción del feminismo y la ‘ideología de género’ como enemigos estratégicos de las nuevas derechas y la potencialidad de los feminismos de abolir el estado de cosas existentes. En ese marco, se analizan discursos que buscan mostrar el peligro que representaría la ‘ideología de género’ para la civilización capitalista, occidental y cristiana; se los sitúa en la disputa en torno a la reproducción biosocial, en la cual las luchas feministas cuestionan las jerarquías entre los géneros, la sexualidad, la familia y los modos del trabajo que las derechas defienden. A su vez, la cuestión del género será indagada en su relación compleja con ciertos marxismos y con la potencia política de los feminismos anticapitalistas. Estos últimos, además de realizar demandas al Estado en términos de derechos, objetan la expropiación y explotación del trabajo reproductivo, que es fundamental para la acumulación del capital. En ese contexto, se pregunta si estos feminismos no solo pueden hacer tambalear al patriarcado y a la familia tradicional, sino también habilitar la producción de formas de vida que no obedezcan a las jerarquías económicas, sexo-genéricas y raciales que las nuevas derechas buscan defender a toda costa.
DESIGN OF A KNEE EXOSKELETON ASSISTING DURING WALKING, SIT-TO-STAND, AND STAIR ASCENDING
Authors: BİLGİ M. Furkan , ÜNAL Ramazan
Published: September 2021

In this study, we present a knee exoskeleton that assists weight acceptance in walking, sit-to-stand and stair ascending. Working principle of the exoskeleton device is inspired from the bio-mechanical data of natural human gait, sit to stance and stair ascent motions. First, we analyze the natural gait data to identify the weight acceptance behavior of the knee joint. Then we build a model for sit to stand motion with an elastic element. After that, stair ascent data is analyzed in a similar manner. Then, we define the appropriate elastic elements, their coefficients and motor requirements if necessary, for these specific tasks. Finally, we present the CAD model of the proposed knee exoskeleton.
DENİM KUMAŞLARDA MATEMATİKSEL MODELLEME YARDIMIYLA YUMUŞAKLIĞIN OPTİMİZASYONU
Authors: ZERVENT ÜNAL Belkıs , KAHYA Şadi
Published: September 2021

Çalışma kapsamında, denim kumaşların yumuşaklık özelliğinin eniyilenmesinin hedeflendiği bir matematiksel model oluşturulması amaçlanmıştır. Bu amaçla, farklı konstrüksiyon özelliklerine sahip 27 adet denim kumaş numunesinin seçilmiş fiziksel ve performans/konfor özellikleri deneysel olarak tespit edilmiş ve elde edilen verilere regresyon analizi uygulanarak her bir özelliği matematiksel olarak ifade edecek eşitlikler oluşturulmuştur. Daha sonra elde edilen eşitlikler kısıt olarak kullanılarak denim kumaşlarda yumuşaklığın eniyilenmesinin amaçlandığı bir optimizasyon modeli geliştirilmiş ve optimum çözümü bulunmuştur.
OPTİMİZE EDİLMİŞ FOTOVOLTAİK GÜNEŞ PANELLERİNİN SABİT VE MOBİL UYGULAMALARDA KULLANIMININ KARŞILAŞTIRMALI İNCELENMESİ
Authors: KEÇEBAŞ Ali , GÜREL Barış , DEVLET Bayram
Published: September 2021

Güç üretim verimi en yüksek fotovoltaik (PV) panelinin tespiti için yapılan bu çalışmada, 3 farklı özellikte optimize edilmiş PV panelin 3 ayrı durum kapsamında karşılaştırmalı testleri gerçekleştirilmiştir. Çalışma kapsamında Normal (N-PV), FDM’li (FDM-PV) ve FDM’li-Yoğunlaştırıcılı (FDM-YPV) olmak üzere kullanılan üç ayrı nitelikteki PV panelinin 4 gün boyunca saat 10:30’dan saat 16:30’a kadar birer saat arayla sırasıyla güneşe Sabit Açılı (SA), taşıt Park Durumu (PD) ve taşıtın Sürüş Durumu (SD) olmak üzere 3 farklı durum kapsamında elektriksel güç ölçümleri multimetre aracılığıyla yapılmıştır. Sonuç olarak sabit açılı FDM-YPV panelinin sabit açılı N-PV paneline göre elektriksel güç üretiminde %47 verim artışı elde ettiği görülmüştür. Elektrikli taşıt park durumundaki FDM-PV panelinde, taşıt park durumundaki N-PV paneline göre %22 daha fazla verim artışı gözlemlenmiştir. FDM-PV panelin taşıt sürüş durumunda ise taşıt sürüş durumundaki N-PV paneline göre %7 daha fazla verim artışı gözlemlenmiştir.