bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Project Management in Public Administration. Risks and Challenges
Authors: Kuczyńska Ewa , Nepelski Mariusz
Published: December 2021

Project risk is the object of interest of people and institutions implementing and financing project activities. Each project brings new challenges and risks but also a chance to gain knowledge and development. That is why project management is becoming a standard that receives more and more attention. At the stage of launching a project, it is necessary to conduct risk analysis, which allows risks identification, characterisation and proper assessment. This analysis enables the development of a risk prevention plan, indicating ways to respond to challenging situations when they occur. It also allows the introduction of risk monitoring methods. The specified stages of risk management are well known in public administration, especially to those institutions that raise funds for implementing projects and then manage them. In public administration, institutions implementing projects are obliged to carry out management control, and some responsibilities related to risk management have been imposed on applicants. Therefore, it becomes necessary for project managers and unit managers to understand its (risk) importance for achieving the objectives of the organisation’s projects and the potential benefits that can be obtained after its effective implementation. Organisations that can take into account risk management awareness in projects will be able to use the risk management process to improve the results and increase the satisfaction of all parties interested in the implementation of projects. This article aims to present the identification and risk assessment in projects and challenges faced by the public administration, including the security system, which has been dynamically acquiring funds for implementing projects in recent years.
Analysis of a Brazilian Indigenous corpus using machine learning methods
Authors: Lima Tiago Barbosa de , Nascimento André C. A. , Miranda Pericles , Mello Rafael Ferreira
Published: December 2021

In Brazil, several minority languages suffer a serious risk of extinction. The appropriate documentation of such languages is a fundamental step to avoid that. However, for some of those languages, only a small amount of text corpora is digitally accessible. Meanwhile there are many issues related to the identification of indigenous languages, which may help to identify key similarities among them, as well as to connect related languages and dialects. Therefore, this paper proposes to study and automatically classify 26 neglected Brazilian native languages, considering a small amount of training data, under a supervised and unsupervised setting. Our findings indicate that the use of machine learning models to the analysis of Brazilian Indigenous corpora is very promising, and we hope this work encourage more research on this topic in the next years.
A New Heuristic for Radius Estimation in RBF Neural Networks
Authors: Souza Lucas Pimenta de , Batista Paulo V. C. , Silva Petrônio C. L.
Published: December 2021

Redes Neurais baseadas em Funções de Base Radial (RBFNN) são métodos clássicos do aprendizado de máquina que contêm uma camada de Funções de Base Radial (RBF) que atuam como extrator de características para a camada final, que executa o reconhecimento de padrões. A estimação do raio das RBFs é uma das atividades mais cruciais do treinamento de modelos RBFNN e afeta diretamente o seu poder de generalização e acurácia. Neste trabalho é apresentado uma nova heurística para estimação do raio e experimentos computacionais são empregados para medir sua eficácia comparada à outras abordagens usando 14 problemas de classificação. A método proposta mostrou uma eficácia competitiva, vencendo os demais métodos em 9 dos 14 problemas.
Applying machine learning to assist the diagnosis of COVID-19 from blood and urine exams
Authors: Santos Jessica Almeida dos , Berton Lilian
Published: December 2021

The COVID-19 pandemic declared in March 2020 by the World Health Organization (WHO) challenged the health system of several countries with the growing number of infected people. During the pandemic's peak in Europe, the low incidence of infection in South Korea drew the international community's attention, since not long ago that country was considered the epicenter of the pandemic outside its origin, in China. The mass testing protocol and tracing policies were pointed out as the formula for South Korean success, however, in view of the high demand and little supply of diagnostic tests for COVID-19 in the market, this strategy proved to be unfeasible to be implemented mainly in countries with large populations and with few financial resources, such as Brazil. There is also the aggravating factor regarding the effectiveness of the tests currently available, especially the rapid serology test with a high rate of false negatives. In order to offer a screening method for the application of tests, this work aims to develop a predictive model for assisting the identification of COVID-19 infection in suspected patients based on data from clinical laboratory examinations, such as blood count and urine tests. The data used comes from three sources in Sao Paulo and are hosted in the COVID-19 Data Sharing/BR Repository, a shared database of Sao Paulo Research Foundation (FAPESP). The work also proposes a comparison between balanced × imbalanced dataset and traditional × ensemble algorithms for this problem.
Uma Abordagem de Agrupamento Automático de Dados Baseada na Otimização por Busca em Grupo Memética
Authors: Pacíﬁco Luciano D. S. , Ludermir Teresa B.
Published: December 2021

Uma das tarefas mais primitivas em organização de padrões, a Análise de Agrupamentos, é um problema difícil em análise exploratória de dados. Muitos dos algoritmos de agrupamento são facilmente presos em mínimos locais, por não possuírem bons operadores de busca global. Neste trabalho, um algoritmo de Inteligência de Enxames (SIs) memético é apresentado, baseado na Otimização por Busca em Grupo e no K-Means, chamado MGSO, que tenta encontrar o melhor número de agrupamentos, assim como a melhor distribuição dos dados nesses agrupamentos, simultaneamente. O MGSO mostrou-se capaz de encontrar boas soluções globais quando testado em nove problemas reais, em comparação a outros SIs e Algoritmos Evolucionários da literatura.
Iterative machine learning applied to annotation of text datasets
Authors: Abdo Thiago , Silva Fabiano
Published: December 2021

The purpose of this paper is to analyze the use of different machine learning approaches and algorithms to be integrated as an automated assistance on a tool to aid the creation of new annotated datasets. We evaluate how they scale in an environment without dedicated machine learning hardware. In particular, we study the impact over a dataset with few examples and one that is being constructed. We experiment using deep learning algorithms (Bert) and classical learning algorithms with a lower computational cost (W2V and Glove combined with RF and SVM). Our experiments show that deep learning algorithms have a performance advantage over classical techniques. However, deep learning algorithms have a high computational cost, making them inadequate to an environment with reduced hardware resources. Simulations using Active and Iterative machine learning techniques to assist the creation of new datasets are conducted. For these simulations, we use the classical learning algorithms because of their computational cost. The knowledge gathered with our experimental evaluation aims to support the creation of a tool for building new text datasets.
Offline Handwritten Signature Authentication with Conditional Deep Convolutional Generative Adversarial Networks
Authors: Yonekura David C. , Guedes Elloá B.
Published: December 2021

Handwritten signature authentication systems are important in many real world scenarios to avoid frauds. Thanks to Deep Learning, state-of-art solutions have been proposed to this problem by making use of Convolutional Neural Networks, but other models in this Machine Learning subarea are still to be further explored. In this perspective, the present article introduces a Conditional Deep Convolutional Generative Adversarial Networks (cDCGAN) approach whose experimental results in a realistic dataset with skilled forgeries have Equal Error Rate (EER) of 18.53% and balanced accuracy of 87.91%. These results validate a writerdependent cDCGAN-based solution to the signature authentication problem in a real world scenario where no forgeries are available nor required in training time.
Automatic Twitter Stance Detection on Politically Controversial Issues: A Study on Covid-19’s CPI
Authors: Santos Patricia D. , Goya Denise H.
Published: December 2021

Prever o posicionamento de usuários de mídias sociais sobre um tópico tema pode ser desafiador, especialmente para casos não supervisionados. Neste trabalho foram utilizadas postagens retuitadas como elementos de interação dos usuários, para calcular as semelhanças entre os mais ativos dentro de uma discussão. A detecção de posicionamento para esses usuários foi realizada usando técnicas de redução de dimensionalidade e clusterização, modelagem de tópicos usando embeddings contextualizados, e rotulação automática de clusters baseada em termos recorrentes em cada grupo. Esta abordagem produziu um pequeno número de clusters de usuários (entre 2 e 3), com uniformidade na rotulação dos usuários em diferentes bases superior a 98%.
Optimization Matters: Guidelines to Improve Representation Learning with Deep Networks
Authors: Becher Aline R. , Ponti Moacir A.
Published: December 2021

Training deep neural networks is a relevant problem with open questions related to convergence and quality of learned representations. Gradient-based optimization methods are used in practice, but cases of failure and success are still to be investigated. In this context, we set out to better understand the convergence properties of different optimization strategies, under different parameter options. Our results show that (i) feature embeddings are impacted by different optimization settings, (ii) suboptimal results are achieved by the use of default parameters, (iii) significant improvement is obtained by making educated choices of parameters, (iv) learning rate decay should always be considered. Such findings offer guidelines for training and deployment of deep networks.
A clustering algorithm to evaluate the attitude of Brazilian researchers regarding open access research data
Authors: Freitas Bruna S. , Bottero Diego , Lucca Giancarlo , Borges Eduardo N. , Santos Helida , Dimuro Graçaliz P.
Published: December 2021

The core point of the research process are data. They are records from scientific investigation, which support the results published in journals and conferences. Making research data available in open access digital repositories has many advantages, such as increasing the visibility of associated publications, reproducing experiments, and validating results. In Brazil, full and unrestricted sharing of them is not yet accepted by most researchers. This paper presents an initial study to describe a model analyzing the attitude of Brazilian researchers concerning open access research data. A clustering algorithm was used to identify different research profiles. The achieved results indicate the main reasons why the researchers object to share their data.
A lightweight approach for predicting errors in chess matches
Authors: Comarela Giovanni , Silva Davi Hagap Emanuel da
Published: December 2021

O xadrez vem se tornando cada vez mais popular e acessível. O xadrez online permite que jogadores se desafiem de diferentes partes do mundo, possibilitando novas formas de aprendizagem do jogo e interação entre usuários na Web. Com o crescimento de popularidade, existe a possibilidade de empoderar jogadores casuais com ricas análises computacionais, que podem auxiliar no processo de aprendizagem do jogo. Uma das formas de analisar partidas de xadrez é através do estudo de erros. Nesse contexto, uma nova abordagem para a tarefa de predição de erros no xadrez é apresentada. A motivação desse trabalho é que saber quando jogadores tem mais chances de errar, é saber que tipos de situações apresentam mais dificuldades no processo de tomada de decisão. Para esse fim, foi adicionada uma camada de abstração no já estudado problema de predição de erro, acrescentando features baseadas em grafos aos modelos de aprendizagem de máquina. Os resultados indicam um aumento na acurácia dos modelos testados, melhorando os resultados obtidos em estudos recentes.
Interpretability of Attention Mechanisms in a Portuguese-Based Question Answering System about the Blue Amazon
Authors: Spindola Stefano , José Marcos Menon , Oliveira André Seidel , Cação Flávio Nakasato , Cozman Fábio Gagliardi
Published: December 2021

The Brazilian Exclusive Economic Zone, or the "Blue Amazon", with its extensive maritime area, is the primary means of transport for the country's foreign trade and is important due to its oil reserves, gas and other mineral resources, in addition to the significant inﬂuence on the Brazilian climate. We have manually built a question answering (QA) dataset based on crawled articles and have applied an off-the-shelf QA system based on a fine-tuned BERTimbau Model, achieving an F1-score of 47.0. More importantly, we explored how the proper visualization of attention weights can support helpful interpretations of the system's answers, which is critical in real environments.
Uma abordagem sobre a integração da Computação de Borda Móvel e a Rede 5G para Internet das Coisas na Agricultura 4.0
Authors: Cunha Kaíque M. R. , Xavier Rúben F. , Moreira Waldir , Freitas Leandro A. , Oliveira-Jr Antônio
Published: December 2021

A agricultura 4.0 vem ganhando força no mercado brasileiro utilizando de tecnologias como Internet das Coisas, computação de borda móvel, Redes 5G, para impulsionar o desenvolvimento agropecuário e a economia do país. Com a utilização de diversas tecnologias e dispositivos interligados, cresce a grande quantidade de dados e requisitos rigorosos necessários para atender diversas demandas tais como alta velocidade, segurança, comunicação confiável, entre outros. Este artigo propõe a integração do Multi-Access Edge Computing (MEC) com a Rede 5G e propõe um serviço de Radio Network Information Service (RNIS), que será implantado na arquitetura MEC como forma de prover requisitos para aplicações da Agricultura 4.0.
ILSHR Rumor Spreading Model by Combining SIHR and ILSR Models in Complex Networks
Authors:   Department of Computer Engineering, Liyan Institute of Education, Bushehr, Iran, Angali Adel , Mojarad Musa , Arfaeinia Hassan
Published: December 2021

Rumor is an important form of social interaction. However, spreading harmful rumors can have a significant negative impact on social welfare. Therefore, it is important to examine rumor models. Rumors are often defined as unconfirmed details or descriptions of public things, events, or issues that are made and promoted through various tools. In this paper, the Ignorant-Lurker-Spreader-Hibernator-Removal (ILSHR) rumor spreading model has been developed by combining the ILSR and SIHR epidemic models. In addition to the characteristics of the lurker group of ILSR, this model also considers the characteristics of the hibernator group of the SIHR model. Due to the complexity of the complex network structure, the state transition function for each node is defined based on their degree to make the proposed model more efficient. Numerical simulations have been performed to compare the ILSHR rumor spreading model with other similar models on the Sina Weibo dataset. The results show more effective ILSHR performance with 95.83% accuracy than CSRT and SIR-IM models.
Erratum: volume 20 (45) 2021: 931-939, December 13, 2021. Hoffmanigraptus n. gen., a new retiolitine (Graptolithina), an early member of the Plectograptus lineage from the Silurian of Baltica, Poland
Authors: KOZŁOWSKA Anna
Published: December 2021

On page 933, the paragraph “Diagnosis” of the new genus Hoffmanigraptus n. gen. is missing. The “Diagnosis” paragraph has been reproduced here.
Considerations for Potential Global Expansion of Serum Institute of India
Authors: Somasundaram Veena , Soukas Peter , Patel Jenish , Ferguson Steven
Published: December 2021

In a time of global vaccine shortages, especially for COVID-19 products, Serum Institute of India (SII) is straining to meet demand for vaccines in India. While this organization is not known worldwide, they entered into a recent alliance with AstraZeneca, who is partnered with Oxford University for Covid-19 vaccine, to manufacture their supply of vaccines for distribution in India. Several other such partnerships are also underway. And, SII is considering plans to become a much larger player, not only in India, but globally. This commentary is focused on if, when, where, why, and how global expansion could proceed. Our work was carried out as a class project to identify options and strategies appropriate for expansion and has been expanded subsequently as events continued to develop.
The Role of the Biotechnology Industry in Addressing Health Inequities in Africa: Strengthening the Entire Health Care Value Chain
Authors: Sammut Stephen M.
Published: December 2021

There are many misconceptions surrounding health care in Africa, a continent of 54 sovereign countries and a population exceeding 1.2 billion souls which is growing at the fastest rate in the world. Enormous diversity has direct impact on the notion, practices, and availability of health care on the continent. There are no satisfactory generalizations about the state of health and the strength of health care systems for the continent as a whole. Indeed, differences between neighboring countries are enormous, as well as among population groups within countries. There is a significant mix of public, private, and faith-based health care providers. In most African countries, 60 percent of health providers fall into the latter two categories (IFC, 2008). Moreover, movements towards national and private risk pooling for payment of health care are underway in only a few countries, but virtually all modern African constitutions declare health care as a human right and aspire to some form of Universal Health Coverage (UHC). Despite these principles, Africans endure a dual burden of communicable and non-communicable disease. In the face of these challenges, Africans are confronted with out-of-pocket payment for health services – when it is available at all – and challenging logistics for accessing and maintaining consistency of care. The patient journey for Africans is a winding path, often exacerbated by an additional reliance on the importation of talent, pharmaceuticals and vaccines, medical and diagnostic tools, and digital support of the health systems. The health care value chain in Africa is incomplete. Each of Providers, Payers and Producers need further development. When any of these is weak or missing, there cannot be a sustainable health system. The issue, therefore, is not scientific or clinical competence; it is capacity and the necessity to promote a comprehensive and integrated health care ecosystem – including the Producer segment. To address the Producer link, more direct engagement by the global biopharmaceutical industry in assisting and investing in the advancement of indigenous laboratory and clinical development, product production and distribution, and the advancement of human capital necessary to achieve health care sovereignty for the continent is necessary. There is all the more reason to do so as humanity enters the age of genomic and precision medicine. There is a pathway for African health care to leapfrog as it has done in telecommunications.
Predictive validity of Stable-2007 in incarcerated samples
Authors: Looman Jan , Goldstein Joshua , Abbott Brian R. , Abracen Jeff
Published: December 2021

Some are unclear whether risk assessment instruments, specifically dynamic risk instruments, have demonstrated utility in the risk estimation, treatment recommendations, and monitoring change over time in men at risk for or under sentence of Indeterminate Detention (ID) for sexual offenses. We compare two datasets, the first consisting of individuals representing a routine sample of persons convicted of a sexual offense and the second of men representative of a high risk/needs sample. These two distinct samples (n = 442, mean Static-99R score = 2.4; n = 168, mean Static-99R score 4.5) were then also scored on the Stable-2007. For both groups this scoring occurred in an institutional setting. The Stable-2007 predicted sexual recidivism in Sample 1 independently and in conjunction with the Static-99R. In the high-risk sample the results were the same. In both samples a compound outcome variable (Sexual + Violent reoffense) was also calculated with the Stable-2007 predicting the compound outcome variable in Sample 1 but not Sample 2. This is interesting in that it suggests that the Stable-2007 assesses constructs specific to sexual re-offense in higher risk offenders and not general traits of violence or common anti-social behaviour. Limitations and directions for further research are discussed.
The environment of intrafamilial offenders – A systematic review of dynamics in incestuous families
Authors: Pusch Susan Alexa , Ross Thomas , Fontao María Isabel
Published: December 2021

The aim of this study was to identify family characteristics and dynamics relevant to the initiation and maintenance of intrafamilial child sexual abuse. An understanding of essential characteristics of the affected families could help to prevent such crimes. In order to provide an overview of the current state of research, a literature review based on the PRISMA criteria was conducted. For the research in the databases PsycInfo and PSYNDEX, predetermined criteria and search terms were used. Fifteen relevant articles from 1991 to 2020 were identified. The studies examined perpetrator-victim relationships, the role of the mother, the relationship between the parents and characteristics of the families in which child sexual abuse took place. Relevant core characteristics of incestuous families are dysfunctional, violent, and conflictual relationships between the parents, and between parents and children. However, these factors are often not specific to intrafamilial abuse. Only six articles published after 2000 were identified. Little evidence for each individual construct was found, so the effects should not be overestimated. Further research on intrafamilial child sexual abuse is necessary.
De(s)colonial artístico como potencialidade de recriação de mundos: lugares de re-existir e re-pensar a si
Authors: Voss Gisele Cristina , Peloso Franciele Clara
Published: December 2021

Este ensaio teórico tem como objetivo versar sobre a arte e o/a artista com base nas contribuições de intelectuais latino-americanos e promover uma análise dessas contribuições junto a categoria da práxis de re-existência. Ao tecer reflexões de(s)coloniais dentro deste assunto, estes autores ampliam as possibilidades de compreensão sobre o sujeito artista e a arte a partir da América Latina. São eles: o antropólogo, pintor e investigador afro-colombiano Adolfo Albán Achinte; o historiador literário brasileiro Alfredo Bosi; e o filósofo argentino Enrique Dussel. Nas reflexões apresentadas sobre o fazer artístico reconhecemos suas possibilidades de resistência aos domínios do padrão de poder moderno-colonial, e os/as artistas como sujeitos que têm condições de contribuir nas transformações buscadas na de(s)colonialidade. Destacamos características como a inteligência criativa, a reflexão crítica, a relação com o tempo e a capacidade de expressão de si e de seu entorno, que se apresentam como ferramentas para a re-criação de lógicas outras de ser e estar no mundo.
Resenha do Livro “Pistas Falsas: uma ficção antropológica”
Authors: Vellozo Giovanni de Sousa , Oliveira Márcia Ramos de
Published: December 2021

Resenha da obra:
CANCLINI, Néstor García. Pistas falsas: uma ficção antropológica. São Paulo: Itaú Cultural: iluminuras, 2020. 106 p. (Os Livros do Observatório). E-Book. ISBN: 978-85-7321-626-4. Disponível em: https://www.amazon.com.br/Pistas-Falsas-uma-fic%C3%A7%C3%A3o-antropol%C3%B3gica-ebook/dp/B08HNJ1MKY. Acesso em: 26 fev. 2021
“Metendo dança”: saberes estético-corpóreos nas músicas do rapper Rincon Sapiência
Authors: Costa Vitor da Silva
Published: December 2021

O presente artigo tem como objetivo, realizar uma breve reflexão sobre as significações das músicas do rapper paulistano Rincon Sapiência. Sobretudo, o conteúdo das músicas presentes no seu mais recente trabalho Mundo Manicongo: Dramas, Danças e Afroreps. A proposta de análise a ser empreendia aqui, visa identificar a contribuição cultural e pedagógica que este disco possui, quando pensamos sobre o prisma da corporeidade negra e as ressignificações identitárias dos sujeitos pertencentes a este grupo. Desta forma, além de evidenciar o impacto das músicas de Rincon na construção de identidades negras contemporâneas, busca-se também, apontar as concepções históricas acerca das sociabilidades negras. Nas quais, muitas das manifestações culturais exercidas pela população negra, tiveram e ainda tem, como principal vetor de expressão o corpo negro somado a musicalidade.
Tanggap fungsional predator Menochilus sexmaculatus (Fabricius) dan Micraspis lineata (Thunberg) (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) terhadap kutukebul Bemisia tabaci (Gennadius) (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae) dan kutudaun Myzus persicae (Sulzer) (Hemiptera: Aphididae)
Authors: Hidayat Purnama , Tambunan Van Basten , Putirama Keisha Disa
Published: December 2021

Kutukebul Bemisia tabaci (Gennadius) dan kutudaun Myzus persicae (Sulzer) merupakan hama penting pada tanaman tomat dan cabai. Serangan hama ini secara langsung dan sebagai vektor virus dapat menurunkan produksi tanaman. Kumbang Menochilus sexmaculatus (Fabricius) dan Micraspis lineata (Thunberg) merupakan predator kutukebul B. tabaci dan kutudaun M. persicae. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui potensi kumbang predator M. sexmaculatus dan M. lineata terhadap kutukebul B. tabaci dan kutudaun M. persicae. Rancangan penelitian berupa acak lengkap faktorial menggunakan 2 faktor, yaitu jenis mangsa dan kerapatan mangsa dengan 3 ulangan. Pada penelitian ini, potensi pemangsaan kumbang predator dilakukan dengan mengamati uji pemangsaan dan tanggap fungsional. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa predator M. sexmaculatus dan M. lineata memiliki tanggap fungsional tipe I pada semua jenis mangsa, artinya laju dan kemampuan pemangsaan predator M. sexmaculatus dan M. lineata meningkat seiring dengan meningkatnya kerapatan mangsa. Predator M. sexmaculatus dan M. lineata memiliki kemampuan pemangsaan yang lebih baik dalam memangsa M. persicae dibandingkan dengan B. tabaci. M. sexmaculatus merupakan predator yang paling berpotensi dalam memangsa imago M. persicae.
Kepadatan populasi dan waktu efektif pelepasan tungau predator Neoseiulus longispinosus Evans untuk pengendalian Tetranychus kanzawai Kishida
Authors: Putri Nhyra Kamala , Nurmansyah Ali , Santoso Sugeng
Published: December 2021

Tetranychus kanzawai Kishida (Tetranychidae) merupakan salah satu tungau hama paling penting di Indonesia. Tungau ini dikenal sebagai hama pada berbagai komoditi pertanian, termasuk ubi kayu. Neoseiulus longispinosus Evans (Phytoseiidae) merupakan salah satu tungau predator lokal yang banyak ditemukan pada tanaman terserang T. kanzawai. Tungau predator ini mempunyai potensi yang besar untuk dikembangkan sebagai agen pengendalian hayati T. kanzawai.  Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji kepadatan populasi dan waktu efektif pelepasan N. longispinosus untuk pengendalian T. kanzawai pada tanaman ubi kayu. Penelitian dilaksanakan di rumah kaca. Tanaman yang digunakan adalah ubi kayu kultivar Mentega. Tungau hama, T. kanzawai, diinfestasikan pada tanaman ubi kayu berumur 2 minggu setelah tanam (MST) dengan kepadatan populasi 5 imago betina/tanaman. Tungau predator diintroduksikan dengan rasio predator:mangsa 0:5, 1:5, 2:5, dan 3:5, pada satu, dua, dan tiga minggu setelah infestasi T. kanzawai. Populasi T. kanzawai dan N. longispinosus, serta tingkat kerusakan tanaman dihitung pada 6 MST. Pelepasan predator N. longispinosus dapat menurunkan populasi T. kanzawai dengan penekanan paling tinggi pada interaksi rasio 3:5 dan waktu pelepasan satu minggu setelah infestasi T. kanzawai. Tidak ada pengaruh signifikan pelepasan predator N. longispinosus pada berbagai rasio dan waktu pelepasan terhadap intensitas serangan T. kanzawai pada tanaman ubi kayu.
History of insulin treatment of pediatric patients with diabetes in Korea
Authors: Kim Jae Hyun , Shin Choong Ho , Yang Sei Won
Published: December 2021

The year 2021 is the centennial of insulin discovery. The discovery of insulin changes diabetes mellitus from a death sentence to a manageable disease. It became a historical turning point in the lives of people with diabetes. Since the first use of insulin in a patient in 1922, insulin and its analogs have been remarkable in saving the lives of people with diabetes. As insulin began to be used as a drug, it was introduced to, and used in Korea until now. This review briefly summarizes the history of insulin treatment in Korean children and adolescents with diabetes.
Contrafiguras de la violencia. Imágenes, relatos y arquetipos de la perpetración de los crímenes del franquismo
Authors: Ros Violeta , Rosón María , Valls Lurdes
Published: December 2021

Este monográfico es una invitación a la reflexión interdisciplinar en torno a la iconografía del perpetrador y a la memorialización de la perpetración en el contexto de la violencia política del franquismo, atendiendo a sus particularidadesespecíficas.
Víctimas y victimarios en la literatura española de la memoria, de la Guerra Civil a la actualidad: el caso de Dicen, de Susana Sánchez Arins
Authors: Sánchez Zapatero Javier
Published: December 2021

El artículo muestra cómo, desde la propia Guerra Civil, diversos autores concibieron su literatura como una forma de reivindicar el legado de las víctimas de la violencia totalitaria. Partiendo de esta premisa, se reflexiona, en primer lugar, sobre cómo la reiteración de procedimientos centrados en recuperación de las voces de los represaliados ha tenido como consecuencia indirecta la difuminación de la figura del perpetrador en la literatura española de los siglos xx y xxi; y, en segundo lugar, sobre las características de obras que, como Dicen, de Susana Sánchez Arins, intentan subvertir este panorama.
Los grandes estraperlistas. Imágenes, deformaciones y silencios en la propaganda, cine y novela de la posguerra franquista
Authors: Del Arco Blanco Miguel Ángel
Published: December 2021

La política autárquica del régimen franquista dio pie al surgimiento del mercado negro, a la brutal inflación de los precios y al desabastecimiento alimenticio que trajeron la hambruna al país tras 1939. En todo ese mundo, hubo unos beneficiarios: los grandes estraperlistas. Fueron personas afines al régimen o pertenecientes a él, que gozaron de la tolerancia de las autoridades y tenían los contactos suficientes para desarrollar sus negocios con impunidad. Sin embargo, la representación que se hizo de ellos por parte de la propaganda del régimen distó mucho de la realidad. Este trabajo pretende reflexionar sobre las narrativas que el franquismo construyó sobre los estraperlistas. Para ello recurrimos a la propaganda, al cine y a la novela de la época. En todas estas fuentes se construyó una imagen de los estraperlistas como malos patriotas, vinculados con el pasado republicano e identificados con el común de la población, confundiendo fenómenos completamente distintos como el pequeño y el gran estraperlo. Aquellas imágenes no eran más que una deformación de la realidad propiciada por la dictadura, que ocultaban palpables silencios sobre quiénes eran realmente los responsables de esos suculentos negocios y lo cercanos que estaban a las esferas de influencia del “Nuevo Estado”.
Perpetradores franquistas: teorías, discursos y prácticas. Un análisis desde la perspectiva de género
Authors: Gutiérrez Vega Clara
Published: December 2021

A partir del estudio de los discursos radiofónicos pronunciados por el militar golpista Gonzalo Queipo de Llano en el verano de 1936, del análisis de la producción teórica del psiquiatra franquista Antonio Vallejo Nágera y de la recogida de testimonios de mujeres que en el tardofranquismo fueron torturadas por policías de la Brigada Político Social, este trabajo expone la centralidad que la dimensión de género debe ocupar en la definición de la figura del perpetrador en los crímenes franquistas.
Perpetradores de violencia. El arquetipo de funcionario de la policía política y propagandista de la teoría de la conspiración antiespañola: Mauricio Carlavilla y Eduardo Comín Colomer
Authors: Rodríguez Jiménez José Luis
Published: December 2021

No existe un listado de personas y organismos perpetradores de la violencia franquista, ni oficial ni oficioso. No obstante, nuestro objeto de estudio es la doble figura de funcionario de la policía política y difusor de la teoría de la conspiración judeo-masónica-comunista como perpetrador de violencia durante el periodo 1936-1975. Pues, en ausencia de figuras criminales individuales y colectivas para los crímenes cometidos durante ese periodo, nos preguntamos: ¿es esa doble figura (y por supuesto la figura individual de policía político de la Dictadura) un arquetipo de perpetración de violencia por el franquismo? También nos preguntamos por la utilidad de esa doble labor desempeñada por algunos cargos de la policía franquista. Para avanzar en las respuestas, en este artículo estudiamos las figuras de Mauricio Carlavilla y Eduardo Comín Colomer.
El perpetrador y su construcción como “víctima”. Los “Mártires y Caídos por Dios y por España”
Authors: Saqqa Carazo Miriam
Published: December 2021

Este artículo se enmarca en el contexto del estudio de los procesos de exhumación de los denominados por la dictadura como “Caídos por Dios y por España”, y, dentro de ese marco, se ahonda en una de las prácticas judiciales llevadas a cabo por la “Causa General”, las “declaraciones”. En ellas se ha podido apreciar un claro accionar de los agentes judiciales como perpetradores, que permite conocer los mecanismos de coerción sobre sus propias “víctimas”. De esta manera podemos analizar, desde dentro del proceso, cómo se construyó el relato martirial a través de mecanismos de violencia y cómo la dictadura construyó su imagen de “víctima”.
¿Qué hacen los perpetradores cuando hablan? Aportes metodológicos a partir de una investigación sobre declaraciones públicas de represores (Argentina, 1976-2018)
Authors: Feld Claudia , Salvi Valentina
Published: December 2021

El estudio de la palabra de los perpetradores de crímenes de masa conlleva desafíos epistemológicos y teóricos específicos. El presente artículo se propone aportar algunas claves conceptuales y metodológicas a partir de la revisión integral de una extensa investigación realizada colectivamente sobre declaraciones de represores de la dictadura argentina que hablaron públicamente entre 1976 y 2018. Para ello, se abordan tres ejes sustantivos: primero, los procesos sociales de construcción de la figura del perpetrador y su constitución como objeto de estudio para las ciencias sociales; segundo, la palabra de los perpetradores en sus dimensiones representacional, performativa y “veritativa”; y tercero, los marcos temporales en que se encuadran estos discursos, para atender a las maneras en que son socialmente producidos, demandados y escuchados en diversos contextos. El planteo teórico-metodológico aquí desarrollado busca abandonar las perspectivas descriptivas, esencialistas y naturalizantes, y abordar las distintas aristas de un fenómeno que es sociológicamente relacional, históricamente multitemporal y éticamente dilemático.
La cobertura de los abusos sexuales en la prensa en la era Me Too: los casos Polanski, Weinstein y P. Domingo
Authors: Añó Ayza Ana , Ferré-Pavia Carme , Ballester María , Corbinos Júlia
Published: December 2021

Este artículo analiza la cobertura mediática de los abusos sexuales a las mujeres entre 2015 y 2020, en el contexto de la aparición del movimiento MeToo, iniciado el 2017 en los Estados Unidos. La muestra la forman dos diarios generalistas españoles, El País y El Mundo, y se revisa cómo han informado de los casos del productor Harvey Weinstein, del director de cine Roman Polanski y del cantante Plácido Domingo. De 1.625 piezas periodísticas se hace un análisis cualitativo, con categorías periodísticas de protagonismo de víctima y victimario, descripción de personaje y sus acciones, fuentes aludidas, recurrencia a voces expertas y si se referencian o no las leyes contra el abuso sexual. Los tres ejemplos escogidos indican un cambio en los últimos tres años del tratamiento de los medios de los abusos sexuales en la llamada era Me Too, en dirección al empoderamiento de la víctima y a la pérdida de credibilidad del abusador. En el caso de Weinstein esto es más notable y claramente ha llevado el tema de los abusos sexuales a la agenda mundial; en el de Polanski se produjo un aumento del número de noticias sobre los abusos 43 años después de que sucedieran; por último, se duplicó el número de menciones a Plácido Domingo de un año para otro. Cualitativamente, incluso las noticias más estrictas enfatizan la gravedad de los hechos y las piezas de opinión hablan de forma negativa, en muchos casos situándolos en un contexto de lucha feminista a escala global, a pesar de que se detecta todavía la deificación del abusador artista.
La desigualdad de género en Twitter durante las elecciones británicas de 2019
Authors: Fernández Melendres Carla , Orrequia Barea Aroa
Published: December 2021

Actualmente, las plataformas de redes sociales como Twitter tienen un papel esencial en la política y los movimientos sociales. El objetivo de este artículo es comparar y contrastar el lenguaje utilizado en Twitter para referirse a los candidatos de las últimas elecciones generales del Reino Unido de diciembre de 2019 para crear conciencia sobre la desigualdad de género en la política. La metodología seguida se basa en tres aspectos: (a) uno análisis cuantitativo mediante Sketch Engine para extraer las principales colocacions del corpus; (b) uno análisis del sentimiento de los tuits compilados mediante dos clasificaciones de léxico: BING (Hu y Liu, 2004) y NRC (Mohammad y Turney, 2013), que clasifica las palabras en ocho emociones básicas y dos sentimientos (positivo y negativo) ); y (c) uno análisis cualitativo que utiliza un enfoque de Análisis Crítico del Discurso (Fairclough, 2013) para examinar el abuso verbal hacia las mujeres desde una perspectiva lingüística.
Estudio de la violencia en el discurso mediático durante la pandemia: el caso de Abigail Jiménez
Authors: Carrizo Alicia E.
Published: December 2021

El propósito del trabajo es dar cuenta de una situación de abuso de autoridad que se desarrolla en un retén policial cuando le impiden el paso a una niña enferma de cáncer, en el marco de la pandemia de la COVID-19. Analizaremos la situación como un caso de violencia no manifiesta y su posterior representación en el discurso mediático. El corpus está constituido por notas de medios digitales locales que incluyen el video del intercambio entre el policía y el padre y entrevistas a la familia. Se utilizará como marco teórico el análisis lingüístico del discurso y de la argumentación interaccional con perspectiva crítica y etnográfica.
Groundwater exploitation in Awka (Anambra – Nigeria) and environs: Prospects, and challenges while drilling and its mitigation measures
Authors: Anyanwu Ifeanyi Emmanuel , Oguntade Sodiq Solagbade
Published: December 2021

Groundwater exploitation (borehole drilling) was carried out around Awka and environs in Anambra State, Southeastern Nigeria, to understand the underlying rock units encountered while drilling, differentiate boreholes with confined aquifers from those with unconfined aquifers, delineate the probable aquiferous zones from the borehole data, evaluate the challenges encountered while drilling (both geologic and technical), and identify mitigation measures employed to address these challenges. Detailed geologic log information of the boreholes was produced to illustrate the rock units encountered while drilling. Four rock units were identified, namely: shale, sandstone, clay, and gravel. These rock units were exposed within the Imo Formation and the Nanka Formation that underlie the study area. Results from the geologic log information of the boreholes indicate that the water table within the study area ranges from 11.2 m to 56.5 m from the soil surface, and the probable aquiferous zones vary from 6.8 m to 23.3 m in thickness. A detailed look at the lithologic logs of the boreholes show that 50% of the drilled boreholes possess confined aquifers while the remaining 50% have unconfined aquifers. A careful appraisal of the challenges encountered, which are mainly geologic, is strictly attributed to the geologic formation of the study area. Other technical challenges have been derived from mechanical faults developed during drilling.
Impact of North Atlantic Oscillation on water resources in South Western Poland
Authors: Olichwer Tomasz , Tarka Robert , Buczyński Sebastian
Published: December 2021

The paper presents the influence of the North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) on the water resources, especially considering groundwater discharge (baseflow) in south-western Poland. The impact of long-term changes of meteorological conditions on the water resources of this area in the 1966-2015 was determined on the basis of changes in the baseflow and total stream flow. Statistical analysis of meteorological and hydrological data showed that the runoff from the Sudeten mountain range and its foreground depends on the circulating climate factors (like the NAO). The annual NAO index best describes the variability of the average annual (12-month) total stream flow and groundwater discharge calculated from February to January and March to February, while the winter NAO index best describes the variability of the average annual (12-month) total stream flow and groundwater discharge calculated from March to February and April to March. The winter NAO index also best describes the variability of the average six-month (6-month) stream flow and groundwater discharge calculated from April to September. In the above-mentioned cases, the values of the Pearson correlation coefficient are at a high level and reach the value of -0.65.
Slöjd, bildning och profession
Authors: Hartman Sven
Published: December 2021

Syftet med denna essä är att diskutera den pedagogiska slöjden i ett bildnings­perspektiv. Det sker genom att belysa hur skolslöjden under perioden 1880–1920 formades i spänningsfältet mellan samhällets behov av hantverksutbildning och skolans behov av att använda slöjd som ett pedagogiskt verktyg. Under dessa år diskuterades slöjden ofta i ett bildningsperspektiv även om bildningsbegreppet inte alltid skrevs fram. I texten behandlas olika idéer hämtade från några av de viktigare slöjddebattörerna i Norden. Avslutningsvis diskuteras hur argument från den tidiga debatten om skolslöjden ibland återspeglas i senare tiders debatt om slöjdämnet. I kapitlet används bland annat begreppen bildning, utbildning, halvbildning, hant­verks­skicklighet, händighet och profession.
Från materialitet till sociomaterialitet
Authors: Säljö Roger
Published: December 2021

Våra sätt att tala om kunskaper och färdigheter präglas av perspektiv och distinktioner som formulerades redan under Antiken, för mer än 2000 år sedan. Här etablerades motsättningar, dualismer, som den mellan teori och praktik, kropp och själ, och tanke och handling, som skulle få stor betydelse inte bara för vår syn på kunskap, utan också för hur vi uppfattar sociala roller. Genom dessa distinktioner etablerades en skillnad mellan intellektets/tänkandets aktiviteter och kroppens/ handens, som än idag reproduceras och som har konsekvenser. Vi talar exempelvis om teoretiska ämnen och praktisk/estetiska ämnen i skolan, och vissa yrken ses som praktiska och andra som teoretiska. Vetenskapliga discipliner formerades också med dessa dualismer som bakgrund, vissa handlar om kroppen, andra om psyket/själen/intellektet. Vi fick en uppdelning, compartmentalization som man säger på engelska, där en helhet – en människa – delades upp i delar som studerades var för sig (intellekt, minne, hjärna, styrka, hälsa m fl). Tanken är att kunskaper från dessa områden så småningom om ska kunna syntetiseras så att vi ska kunna uttala oss om helheten. Men detta är inte helt enkelt. Utgångspunkten för detta kapitel är att materialitet och interaktion med materiella föremål är grundläggande för lärande och utveckling hos individer, i institutioner och på samhällsnivå. Det är när våra insikter omsätts i materialitet, som de befästs och kan användas. Det är också genom interaktion med en fysisk och sociomateriell omvärld som vi lär och ut­vecklas. I kapitlet ges exempel på hur artefakter utvecklats och hur dessa samtidigt är manifestationer av kunskaper och tillika utgör en bas för utveckling av ”praktis­ka” kunskaper. Vi kan och lär genom att hantera artefakter och detta gäller alla slags kunskaper: språkliga, intellektuella, estetiska och sådana som innebär att vi hanterar och modifierar vår fysiska omvärld. Design är en grundläggande form av mänsklig kunskapsutveckling och här kan inte tanke och kropp skiljas åt.
Integrated transcriptomic and proteomic analysis of Tritipyrum provides insights into the molecular basis of salt tolerance
Authors: Yang Rui , Yang Zhifen , Peng Ze , He Fang , Shi Luxi , Dong Yabing , Ren Mingjian , Zhang Qingqin , Geng Guangdong , Zhang Suqin
Published: December 2021

Background

Soil salinity is a major environmental stress that restricts crop growth and yield.

Methods

Here, crucial proteins and biological pathways were investigated under salt-stress and recovery conditions in Tritipyrum ‘Y1805’ using the data-independent acquisition proteomics techniques to explore its salt-tolerance mechanism.

Results

In total, 44 and 102 differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) were identified in ‘Y1805’ under salt-stress and recovery conditions, respectively. A proteome-transcriptome-associated analysis revealed that the expression patterns of 13 and 25 DEPs were the same under salt-stress and recovery conditions, respectively. ‘Response to stimulus’, ‘antioxidant activity’, ‘carbohydrate metabolism’, ‘amino acid metabolism’, ‘signal transduction’, ‘transport and catabolism’ and ‘biosynthesis of other secondary metabolites’ were present under both conditions in ‘Y1805’. In addition, ‘energy metabolism’ and ‘lipid metabolism’ were recovery-specific pathways, while ‘antioxidant activity’, and ‘molecular function regulator’ under salt-stress conditions, and ‘virion’ and ‘virion part’ during recovery, were ‘Y1805’-specific compared with the salt-sensitive wheat ‘Chinese Spring’. ‘Y1805’ contained eight specific DEPs related to salt-stress responses. The strong salt tolerance of ‘Y1805’ could be attributed to the strengthened cell walls, reactive oxygen species scavenging, osmoregulation, phytohormone regulation, transient growth arrest, enhanced respiration, transcriptional regulation and error information processing. These data will facilitate an understanding of the molecular mechanisms of salt tolerance and aid in the breeding of salt-tolerant wheat.