bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
ISABELLA BIRD: UNA MIRADA FEMENINA EN LA CUMBRE
Authors: Ruiz de Alegria Puig Iratxe
Published: September 2020

Contrariamente a lo que cabría esperar de un trabajo de montañerismo, que consistiría básicamente en un derroche de testosterona y parajes virginales deseosos de ser poseídos, el siguiente testimonio de mujer estaba destinado, desde su concepción, a revolucionar la tradición visual, y marcar un hito en la iconografía del paisaje de montaña. Todo apunta a que su intención era ofrecer un placer visual alternativo al que tradicionalmente busca el hombre blanco heterosexual. El objetivo de este estudio consiste precisamente en dar a conocer un discurso femenino de montaña. Para ello, he seleccionado la colección de cartas que la escritora y viajera Isabella Bird escribió a su hermana Henrietta, más tarde compiladas en la obra, A Lady A Lady’s Life in the Rocky Mountains (1879). A continuación, he buscado ejemplos de “mirada femenina” en contraposición a la tradicional omnisciente “mirada masculina”. El resultado obtenido refleja que a pesar del derroche de inocencia que podría presentar partir de viaje en aras de la salud, la aventura en solitario de esta mujer victoriana adquiere tintes de carácter trascendental. De hecho, tras siglos de tiranía patriarcal, qué mejor lugar para viajar sin compañía, vestir a su aire y subvertir la autoridad y placer masculino, que la montaña. Partiendo de estos hallazgos, sugiero que, valiéndose de la distancia, Bird da rienda suelta a su mirada, lo que le permitió escribir sobre un tema tabú como es el cuerpo de un hombre. Así que las “curvas” masculinas se presentan por primera vez como objeto de deseo tan seductoras como las femeninas, y esta pionera fue suficientemente valiente para dejarlo por escrito.
CREDO
Authors: Fernández Rodríguez Carolina
Published: September 2020

Credo. Relato corto de Carolina Fernández Rodríguez
Use of illustrations in the Communication Guidebook for Down Syndrome Children
Authors: Wardaya Marina
Published: September 2020

Abstrak: Kemampuan berbicara dan berbicara adalah kemampuan awal yang harus dimiliki anak sebagai aset untuk dapat berinteraksi dan berkomunikasi serta anak-anak dengan sindrom Down. Kurangnya kesadaran orang tua dan kurangnya buku teks yang sesuai untuk anak-anak sindrom Down sering menjadi hambatan terhadap perkembangan anak-anak sindrom Down.

Pembelajaran komunikasi dengan metode yang tepat adalah substansial menuju keberhasilan pola pengajaran untuk anak-anak dengan sindrom Down, termasuk penggunaan ilustrasi dalam buku panduan komunikasi. Hasil penelitian ini diharapkan dapat bermanfaat bagi orang tua, guru dan anak-anak dengan sindrom Down dalam pengajaran tentang komunikasi.
PERANCANGAN VIDEO ANIMASI INFOGRAFIS “CARA URBAN GARDENING YANG TEPAT UNTUK WILAYAH KOTA DKI JAKARTA”
Authors: Nadya Nadya , Erlyana Yana
Published: September 2020

Jakarta memiliki tingkat polusi udara terburuk ketiga di dunia. Dalam hal ini, pemerintah mengeluarkan kebijakan dalam menetapkan peraturan lahan hijau sebagai solusi mengatasi polusi udara, yang disebut dengan Ruang Terbuka Hijau (RTH). Namun ruang terbuka hijau di Jakarta saat ini baru mencapai 14,9 persen, padahal target yang diinginkan sebesar 30 persen. Untuk itu perlu juga upaya dari masyarakat setempat untuk membantu meningkatkan target pencapaian 10 persen RTH privat yaitu dengan melakukan kegiatan menanam di area terbatas atau disebut urban gardening. Berdasarkan pernyataan tersebut, diperlukan langkah awal yang baik dalam memberikan penyuluhan kepada masyarakat mengenai kegiatan urban gardening ini. Hal ini karena pengetahuan masyarakat perkotaan khususnya di Jakarta masih minim mengenai konsep tanam-menanam dan penataan taman, terutama di lahan tempat tinggal yang sempit dan padat. Dalam penelitian ini membahas mengenai perancangan media informasi tentang urban gardening dengan menggunakan teknik animasi infografis. Penelitian ini menggunakan mengunakan desain penelitian tindakan peran serta (penelitian terapan) atau disebut participatory action research (PAR) dengan partisipasi kontraktual. Tujuan yang ingin dicapai dari penelitian ini adalah merancang video infografis tentang urban gardening yang sesuai target pasar.
ANALISIS STRATEGI MEDIA KOMUNIKASI VISUAL LABEL REKAMAN INDEPENDEN DI ERA DIGITAL
Authors: Resmadi Idhar , Bastar Rendy Pandita , Prahara Gema Ari
Published: September 2020

Teknologi digital telah mengubah cara untuk memproduksi, mendistribusi, mengonsumsi, serta mempromosikan karya musik. Saat ini dibutuhkan suatu cara baru yang lebih inovatif dan efektif oleh para pelaku industri rekaman karena beberapa cara promosi dan pemasaran konvensional dianggap tidak terlalu adaptif dengan kebutuhan sekarang. Perkembangan teknologi digital terutama kehadiran platform media komunikasi visual sangat penting dalam rangka menumbuhkan inovasi baru dalam promosi dan pemasaran di industri rekaman saat ini. Perlu pendekatan yang lebih berbasis media komunikasi visual dalam merancang suatu strategi komunikasi sehingga tujuan pemasaran dan promosi label rekaman tersebut bisa tercapai. Objek yang akan diteliti yaitu salah satu label rekaman independen asal Jakarta bernama Sun Eater Records. Metodologi penelitian yang akan dilakukan yaitu penelitian kualitatif dengan melakukan wawancara mendalam dan studi literatur. Di tengah era konvergensi media saat ini penting untuk diketahui bagaimana Sun Eater Records melakukan strategi komunikasi di era digital melalui pemanfaatan konten berbasis media komunikasi visual. Penelitian ini ingin mengungkapkan pemanfaatan media komunikasi visual di platform media sosial sangat penting karena geliat industri musik yang dinamis dengan perkembangan teknologi internet. Hasil dari penelitian ini diharapkan mampu menjadi kajian serta rekomendasi untuk para pelaku industri rekaman dalam melakukan promosi dan pemasaran di era digital sehingga lebih fleksibel dan adaptif.

Kata Kunci: Musik independen, Strategi Komunikasi, Media Komunikasi Visual
REPRESENTASI CITRA PEREMPUAN IDEAL DALAM KARAKTER BLACK WIDOW
Authors: Setyanto Daniar Wikan , Haryadi Toto
Published: September 2020

Black Widow merupakan salah satu karakter heroine yang berhasil merengkuh imajinasi publik dalam hal citra diri khususnya dalam hal kiblat citra kecantikan dan seksualitas ideal kaum perempuan di seluruh dunia. Citra yang ada pada karakter Black Widow merupakan gejala kapitalisme yang merupakan bentuk kontruksi citra atau representasi perempuan lewat media film. Representasi yang muncul pada karakter Black Widow merupakan pencapaian identitas perempuan yang melebihi citra fisik karena juga berkaitan dengan kualitas-kualitas tertentu yang harus dicapai oleh perempuan. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk memahami secara kritis topik di atas berdasarkan analisa mendalam menggunakan metode deskriptif kualititatif. Sehingga mampu menganalisis media secara komprehensif dan hasil dari penelitian ini yaitu dapat melihat proses pembentukan makna khususnya yang berkaitan dengan citra perempuan ideal yang ada pada karakter Black Widow dari sudut pandang feminisme. Penelitian ini juga bisa menjadi acuan untuk penelitian kajian karakter heroine selanjutnya, tidak hanya untuk karakter film barat, namun juga memungkinkan untuk heroine lokal asli Indonesia.
АНТИКРИЗОВИЙ МЕНЕДЖМЕНТ ГАЛУЗІ ТУРИСТИЧНИХ ПОСЛУГ УКРАЇНИ
Authors: Borovykov Oleksandr Volodymyrovych , Rudych Lesia Vasylivna
Published: September 2020

Актуальність теми дослідження. З 2014 року Україна зазнала значне зниження показників розвитку
туризму, в тому числі в’їзних туристичних потоків, що негативно позначилося на показниках розвитку економіки країни в цілому. Постановка проблеми. Нажаль, останнім часом спостерігається погіршення показників, що відображають стан розвитку туризму та характеристику споживання туристичних послуг в країні. В таких умовах доцільно використовувати досягнення антикризового менеджменту, а саме антикризових планів, що пов’язані з профілактикою форс мажорних обставин, а особливо, військових дій. Аналіз останніх досліджень і публікацій. Питання розвитку туризму в умовах військових дій ретельно вивчались провідними іноземними науковцями Л-Енн Бленчард, А. М. Леонг, С. Литвин, О. Муфаккір, Н. Салазар, М. Хані, Ж. Хесслі, Дж. Джафарі, Р. Батлер. Проблеми туристичної галузі Україні під впливом військових дій досліджували А. Ю. Парфієнко, А. А. Романова, І. А. Савченко та інші. Виділення недосліджених частин загальної проблеми. Недостатньо досліджені статистичні показники розвитку галузі туризму в Україні та вплив на них кризових ситуації. Відсутній досвід розробки антикризових планів (програм) та заходів під час кризових ситуації в галузі туризму Україні. Постановка завдання. Метою статті є аналіз системи статистичних показників розвитку туризму в Україні, та розробка пропозиції, щодо використання антикризових заходів для попередження виникнення кризи в туристичній галузі. Виклад основного матеріалу. З’ясовано методичні засади для вивчення кризових станів у туристичній галузі України. Це видання Всесвітньої Організації туризму ООН «Інструменти для кризових комунікацій в туризмі», у якому розглянуто різноманіття кризових станів та форс мажорних обставин, та їх вплив на розвиток
туристичної галузі. Висновки. На підставі проведеного дослідження були визначені тенденції кризи у розвитку туризму в Україні. Розвиток туристичної діяльності значною мірою залежить від політичних факторів й, зокрема, соціальноекономічної стабільності в Україні. Її порушення у зв’язку з революційною ситуацією й веденням військових дій на сході країни суттєво впливає на скорочення туристичних потоків
Yenilenen Beden Eğitimi ve Spor Öğretimi Programlarının Uluslararası Politikalar Kapsamında Analizi
Authors: MÜFTÜLER Mine , KOCA ARITAN Canan
Published: September 2020

Bu araştırmanın amacı, Türkiye’de yenilenen beden eğitimi ve oyun/spor dersi öğretim programlarının uluslararası beden eğitimi ve spor politika belgeleri kapsamında analiz edilmesidir. Uluslararası spor politika belgelerinin öncelikli amacı, UNESCO Uluslararası Beden Eğitimi ve Spor Şartı (1978)’nda ifade edilen temel bir hak olan beden eğitimine erişimin taraf devletlerin kendi yetki alanlarında güvence altına alınması için gerekli düzenlemelere rehberlik sunmaktır. Beden eğitimine erişim hakkı standartlarına uygun olarak hayata geçirilmesi için politika belgelerinde ortak bir anlayış bulunmakta ve bu anlayış, küresel düzeyde norm (prensip) olarak kabul edilmektedir. Araştırmada doküman analizi yöntemi kullanılmıştır. İncelenen politika belgeleri, UNESCO Uluslararası Beden Eğitimi, Fiziksel Aktivite ve Spor Şartı, UNESCO MINEPS Berlin Deklarasyonu ve Kazan Eylem Planı, Avrupa Spor Şartı, Avrupa Spor Etiği Kuralları, Avrupa Birliği Sporda Beyaz Kitap ve Uluslararası Olimpiyat Komitesi Olimpik Antlaşmadır. Bu belgelerde bulunan normların, İlköğretim beden eğitimi ve oyun/spor dersleri ile Ortaöğretim beden eğitimi ve spor dersi öğretim programlarında hangi kapsamlarda ve nasıl bir bağlamda ele alındığı incelenmiştir. Doküman analizi sonucunda, uluslararası politika belgelerinde ifade edilen normların bazılarının, her üç dersin öğretim programlarında bazı farklılıklar olmakla birlikte programların temel felsefesi, yeterlilikler, kazanımlar, değerler, değerlerle ilişkili tutum ve davranışlar ve öğrenme alanları kapsamlarına dahil edildiği bulunmuştur. Fakat toplumsal cinsiyet eşitliği normunun programların herhangi bir aşamasında benimsenmediği görülmüştür. Sonuç olarak, ülkemiz öğretim programlarında yer almayan ama uluslararası politika belgelerinde yer alan toplumsal cinsiyet eşitliği normunun beden eğitimi ve spor programlarına dahil edilebileceği ve bunun da programın niteliğini ve kapsayıcılığını arttıracağı öngörülmektedir.
A sticky bacterium versus antiadhesive surfaces: The adhesion preference of bacteria expressing trimeric autotransporter adhesin
Authors: Yoshimoto Shogo , Kawashiri Ayane , Matsushita Taishi , Ishii Satoshi , Göttig Stephan , Kempf Volkhard , Takai Madoka , Hori Katsutoshi
Published: September 2020

The COVID-19 pandemic caused by a virus has been posing a global threat to humanity and human society. It reminded us of the horror of infectious diseases. Pathogenic bacteria also cause infectious disease, but bacteria are not as much of a threat as viruses because antibiotics are effective against them. This is changing, however, with the emergence of antibiotic-resistant bacteria. The global expansion of multidrug-resistant bacteria has become a clinical problem, and the threat of bacterial infection would come back in the near future. The overuse of antibiotics amplifies the opportunity for resistant bacteria to emerge and spread. The increased antibiotic use during this COVID-19 pandemic could also increase the threat of resistant bacteria. As an alternative to antibiotics, antibiofouling surfaces have drawn intensive research interest and have been developed. Acinetobacter sp. Tol 5 exhibits high adhesiveness to various surfaces through AtaA, a member of the trimeric autotransporter adhesin (TAA) family. We examined the adhesion of Tol 5 and other bacteria expressing different TAAs to antiadhesive surfaces. The results highlighted Tol 5’s stickiness through AtaA, which enables cells to adhere even to antiadhesive materials including polytetrafluoroethylene with a low surface free energy, a hydrophilic polymer brush exerting steric hindrance, and mica with an ultrasmooth surface. Tol 5 cells also adhered to a zwitterionic 2-methacryloyloxyethyl-phosphorylcholine-polymer-coated surface but were exfoliated by a weak shear stress, suggesting that exchangeable bound water molecules contribute to AtaA’s interaction with materials.
A Versatile Protocol for Functionalization of Covalent Organic Frameworks via Suzuki-Miyaura Cross-Coupling
Authors: Liao Qiaobo , Ke Can , Huang Xin , Wang Dongni , Han Qingwen , Zhang Yifan , Zhang Yiying , Xi Kai
Published: September 2020

Post-synthetic modification (PSM) is a prevalent and powerful strategy to introduce desired functionalities into covalent organic frameworks (COFs) for functional products, expediting their applications vastly. Herein, we demonstrate a PSM strategy for functionalizing brominated COFs via the well-developed Suzuki-Miyaura cross-coupling. By this protocol, a variety of functionalities were installed into COFs efficiently, while the crystallinity and porosity of COFs retained well. As a proof-of-concept, BrCOF-2 was modified with trifluoromethyl groups to produce a SF6 adsorbent with remarkably enhanced properties. This facile and versatile approach opens a new door for the synthesis of functional COFs, and greatly expands the scope of their structural design aiming for various properties and applications.
Size-Controlled Preparation of Gold Nanoparticles Deposited on Surface-Fibrillated Cellulose obtained by Citric Acid-Modification
Authors: Threeraphat Chutimasakul , Uetake Yuta , Tantirungrotechai Jonggol , Asoh Taka-Aki , Uyama Hiroshi , Sakurai Hidehiro
Published: September 2020

Cellulose-based functional materials have gained immense interest due to its low density, hydrophilicity, chirality, and degradability. So far, a facile and scalable preparation of fibrillated cellulose by treating the hydroxy groups of cellulose with citric acid (F-CAC) have been developed, and applied as a reinforcing filler for polypropylene composite. Herein, a size-selective preparation of Au nanoparticles (NPs) stabilized by F-CAC is described. By modifying the conditions of trans-deposition method, established in our group previously, a transfer of Au NPs from poly(N-vinyl-2-pyrrolidone) (PVP) to F-CAC proceeded up to 96% transfer efficiency with retaining its cluster sizes in EtOH. Meanwhile, the deposition efficiency drastically decreased in the case of non-modified cellulose, showing the significance of citric acid-modification. A shift of binding energy at Au 4f core level X-ray photoelectron microscopy (XPS) from 82.0 eV to 83.3 eV indicated that the NPs were stabilized on a F-CAC surface rather than by PVP matrix. The reproducible particle size growth was observed when 2-propanol was used as a solvent instead of EtOH, expanding the range of the available particle size with simple manipulation. The thus-obtained Au:F-CAC nanocatalysts exhibited a catalytic activity toward an aerobic oxidation of 1-indonol in toluene to yield 1-indanone quantitatively, and were recyclable at least 6 times, illustrating high tolerance against organic solvents.
Pouch-Cell Architecture Downscaled to Coin Cells for Electrochemical Characterization of Bilateral Electrodes
Authors: Schneier Dan , Harpak Nimrod , Patolsky Fernando , Golodnitsky Diana , Peled Emanuel
Published: September 2020

We suggest a new technique to assemble coin cells that allows the use of two unilateral electrodes with a bilateral electrode sandwiched between them. This method requires no unique tools or materials, and can help labs with limited resources test their electrodes in more realistic, pouch type conditions that can better showcase the capabilities of their novel research products.
The Potential of JAK/STAT Pathway Inhibition as a New Treatment Strategy to Control Cytokine Release Syndrome in COVID-19
Authors: Seyedhamzeh Mohammad , Othman Hazha Omar , Sharivar Ali aghajani , Aliabadi Fatemeh , Shafiee Ardestani Mehdi , Pazoki-Toroudi Hamidreza
Published: September 2020

COVID-19, a pandemic affecting virus, which is caused by the current SARS-CoV2 coronavirus. The present research is performed on anti virus and immune-modulating therapies. Cytokine storms are the toxic drivers and mortality caused by various human viral infections. In addition, the intensity was linked to an elevated risk of acute respiratory failure, myocardial injury, and mortality in SARS-CoV-2-infected patients. The Janus kinase (JAK) therapeutic inhibitor class showed significant clinical benefits in anti-inflammatory and anti-viral effects. Among them, filgotinib has been approved as an active JAK inhibitor by decreasing biomarkers with main immune reaction functions and markers supporting matrix-degradation, angiogenesis, leukocyte adhesion, and recruitment in both research trials. In this study, we tried to get an insight into the choice of this drug in controlling the jack, to treat Covid 19 using drug design methods will be discussed.
Ultra-high Yield On-surface Synthesis and Assembly of Circumcoronene into Chiral Electronic Kagome-honeycomb Lattice
Authors: Telychko Mykola , Li Guangwu , Mutombo Pingo , Soler-Polo Diego , Peng Xinnan , Su Jie , Song Shaotang , Koh Ming Joo , Edmonds Mark , Jelinek Pavel , Wu Jishan , Lu Jiong
Published: September 2020

On-surface synthesis has revealed remarkable potential in the fabrication of a plethora of elusive nanographenes with tailored structural, electronic and magnetic properties unattainable by conventional wet-chemistry synthesis. Unfortunately, surface-assisted synthesis often involves multiple-step cascade reactions with competing pathways, leading to the formation of a diversity of products with limited yield, which reduces its feasibility towards the large-scale production for future technological applications. Here, we devise a new on-surface synthetic strategy for the ultra-high yield synthesis of a hexagonal nanographene with six zigzag edges, namely circumcoronene on Cu(111) via surfaceassisted intramolecular dehydrogenation of the rationally-designed precursor molecule, followed by methyl radical-radical coupling and aromatization. An elegant electrostatic interaction between circumcoronene and Cu(111) drives their self-organization into an extended superlattice, as revealed by bond-resolved low-temperature scanning probe microscopy and spectroscopy measurements. Density functional theory and tight-binding calculations reveal that unique hexagonal zigzag topology of circumcoronenes, along with their periodic electrostatic landscape confines two-dimensional (2D) electron gas in Cu(111) surface into chiral electronic Kagome-honeycomb lattice with two emergent electronic flat bands. Our findings open up a new route for the high-yield fabrication of elusive nanographenes with zigzag topologies and their novel 2D superlattices with possible nontrivial electronic properties towards their future technological applications.
Iran Hostage Crisis: A Sphere Full of Distrust and Failure
Authors: Adela Siti
Published: September 2020

There is no doubt that Iran hostage crisis has left quite a profound scar in U.S. history. It also signaled the inability of U.S. government, through President Jimmy Carter, to solve the problem that U.S. faced in the past. This paper delves into the brief history of the diplomatic crisis that happened between U.S. and Iran, also it stressed on how Carter tried to engage Iran in several warm negotiations, including the so-called ‘failed’ mission, which were mostly greeted by refusal from Iran itself
Praktik Hedging dan Dampaknya Terhadap Superpower: Dalam Konteks Asia Pasifik
Authors: Pratama Aditya
Published: September 2020

Paper ini akan menjelaskan praktik hedging yang dilakukan beberapa negara, khususnya di Asia Pasifik dan dampaknya terhadap hegemoni yang dimiliki Amerika Serikat. Dengan menggunakan teori stabilitas hegemoni dan kedua percabangannya, benevolent system dan coercive system, pada akhirnya, ditemukan bahwa praktik hedging berdampak kepada menurunnya hegemoni yang dimiliki oleh Amerika Serikat. Tujuan dari ditulisnya paper ini adalah untuk mengetahui apakah negara superpower seperti Amerika masih memiliki kapabilitas untuk membuat negara lain bertindak sesuai dengan kehendaknya. Paper ini juga menyimpulkan bahwa praktik hedging adalah salah satu bentuk perubahan yang dialami oleh dunia internasional kontemporer yang berdampak kepada semakin berkurangnya power yang dimiliki oleh negara superpower dan juga menurunnya kestabilan sistem internasional yang dikendalikan negara hegemon
The Kardashians : A Parasocial Phenomenon
Authors: Setio Joshua Eldi
Published: September 2020

Tayangan Realitas Keeping Up With The Kardashians membawa keuntungan besar pada keluarga Kardashian yang sekarang menikmati ketenaran dan kekayaan dari kegiatan tersebut tetapi apakah yang membuat keluarga Kardashian menjadi sangat terkenal? Mereka tidak menampilkan tarian atau menyanyi, mereka hanya tampil di acara realitas yang menampilkan kegiatan sehari-hari mereka dan mereka dibayar jutaan dollar untuk melakukannya, mereka juga membombardir para penggemar mereka dengan gambar dan snap tentang keseharian mereka. Paper ini dibuat untuk menjelaskan sebuah fenomena media internasional yang dimanfaatkan oleh keluarga Kardashian: penggunaan Soft Propaganda dalam berbagai sarana untuk memasarkan diri mereka kepada para pemirsa, Soft Propaganda sendiri mengacu kepada kegiatan propaganda yang memiliki tujuan untuk tujuan low politics yang tidak bersifat konfliktual seperti propaganda masa perang yang digunakan untuk menghadirkan dikotomi “kita-mereka”. Fenomena ini bukanlah sesuatu yang baru karena kita semua tahu bahwa setiap propaganda menggunakan interaksi parasosial untuk mempengaruhi para penerima pesan, tetapi dengan pengembangan teknologi media komunikasi membuat dampaknya jauh lebih besar di masa digital. Sejak lama sudah terbukti bahwa Komunikan dapat merasakan keintiman dengan komunikator tanpa harus bertemu secara langsung , namun peristiwa ini juga dapat menimbulkan masalah psikologis seperti radikalisasi dan pemujaan berlebihan terhadap idola. Memahami isu ini dapat membantu kita mengerti tentang penggunaan propaganda dalam lingkup sehari – hari baik dalam konteks bisnis maupun politik. Paper ini juga bertujuan untuk mengembalikan ketertarikan para peneliti kontemporer terhadap studi kebudayaan modern.
Dilema dalam Kebijakan Negara dan Keamanan Manusia: Kasus Kebijakan India pada Pemerintahan Narendra Modi, Perdana Menteri India
Authors: Saputra Alrafsya Mahendra
Published: September 2020

India is a country that is known for its attachment to its culture, but on the other hand, what is unknown to the wider community is the existence of human rights violations caused by its own government under the leadership of Narendra Modi. What the author will say in this case is about Narendra Modi's policy in solving social and economic welfare issues. His welfare policy is how he resolves social conflicts, social security, and his economic policies to be examined is how he promoted India as an industrialist state can undermine the protection of his human rights.
Dampak Globalisasi dan Lahirnya MNCs terhadap Munculnya North-South Development Gap
Authors: Natashya Jevon
Published: September 2020

Since the 1980s, the world has changed because of the globalization in every aspect of life. Globalization has some impacts, both in positive and negative. Globalization makes it easier to trade between countries, investment, the expansion of MNCs, low-cost travelling, communications, information access, and other things. Globalization also makes easier for the MNCs to build up their factories and sell their products across the world. But, on the other side, globalization resulted in the development gap between Northern countries (US, UK, Japan, and Australia) and the Southern countries (Latin America, Africa, South Asia, and the others). The impacts mentioned earlier happened because of globalization, which is conducted mostly by the Northern countries that built factories in the Southern countries to push the production cost, get a lot of resources, and cheap labour wages. By the impacts of globalization and the formation of MNCs that led into the North-South development gap, the writer aims to analyze by using the dependency theory on explain about the case as a general.
The Role of Africa Union to Dissolve Boko Haram Threat through Coordination
Authors: Pratama Arinaldo Habib
Published: September 2020

Benua Afrika saat ini memiliki ancaman bersenjata yang bernama Boko Haram. Dibentuk pada tahun 2002, gerakan ini menjadi perhatian dunia pada tahun 2014 karena aksi mereka menculik 278 orang anak perempuan di kota Chibok, Nigeria dan menginspirasi munculnya tagar #BringBackOurGirls. Gerakan ini menganut ideologi Khawarij yang secara tegas ingin menegakkan hukum syariah secara menyeluruh di Nigeria, negara gerakan tersebut beroperasi. Artikel ini akan menjelaskan bagaimana regionalisme, melalui Uni Afrika, berupaya menghentikan ancaman dari Boko Haram dan menghentikan upaya mereka dari mempersenjatai diri sendiri. Penelitian akan dilakukan dengan pendekatan kualitatif, melalui studi pustaka. Hasil penelitian yang bisa ditemukan adalah koordinasi negara-negara Afrika melalui Uni Afrika menghasilkan dua jenis upaya, yakni hard power berupa kontingen militer negara-negara Uni Afrika dan soft power melalui berbagai pertemuan
Reviewing South America Institutionalism and the Failure of Regional Integration Process
Authors: William Joe
Published: September 2020

Revolusi Amerika Selatan secara massif pada awal abad 19, berdampak terhadap terbentuknya negara independen dan proses dekolonisasi oleh Kekaisaran Spanyol dan Portugal. Gaungan unifikasi atas dasar persamaan kultural dan linguistik berusaha diimplementasikan di wilayah ini secara terus-menerus, tetapi nyatanya proses integrasi regional ini selalu menemui kegagalan. Lemahnya proses industrialisasi, terbatasnya konsolidasi kedaulatan, serta banyaknya konflik internal turut serta berkontribusi dalam gagalnya usaha ini. Permasalahan ini terus berlanjut secara periodik hingga pada masa pembentukan regionalisme global pasca PD2. Disaat integrasi regional telah berhasil terbentuk di Afrika dan Eropa semisalnya, Amerika Selatan belum juga berhasil menegakkan suatu institusi regionalisme yang terpadu dan berdaya kompetisi tinggi di pasar dunia. Dari implikasi tersebut, karya ilmiah ini akan mencari interkoneksi antara pengaruh geopolitik kawasan dengan pembentukan institusi domestik untuk menemukan akar permasalahan gagalnya pembentukan regionalisme di Amerika Selatan, faktor historis semenjak dekolonisasi hingga gelombang revolusi sosialis abad 21 didalam dinamika Amerika Selatan akan digunakan sebagai fondasi analisis karya ilmiah ini. Kemudian, paradigma konstruktivis akan digunakan sebagai pengampu, disertai teori dan konsep regionalisme praktis oleh pakar Hubungan Internasional Jeffrey Checkel
A Representation of SDGs: Payments for Forest Environmental Services (PFES) in Loc Tien Commune, Phu Loc District, Thua Thien Hue Province
Authors: Van Mai Thi Khanh
Published: September 2020

In Vietnam, the policy on payment for forest environmental services (PFES) has been present for a long time, in the orientation of socialization of national forest protection. The role of this policy was not limited to the objective of environmental protection, the overarching objective of PFES has always been the link to develop the sector of environment, economy, and society. This has also been one of the targets of Goal 11: "Sustainable Cities and Communities" within the 17 Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), set out by the United Nations. At the study site is Loc Tien commune, in Phu Loc district, Thua Thien Hue province, by in-depth interviews with local people and officials, the implementation of PFES, and its ability to meet the targets in Goal 11 were clarified. The PFES implementation mechanism has been well-established with the full range of stakeholders and their specific roles. However, the gained efficiency from PFES has not met the Vietnamese Government's goals that were to support positive economic, social, and environmental links. The aim to protect the forest environment has been implemented, however, the livelihoods and income of local communities have not improved visibly. In the future, to address current issues, policymakers should consider more solutions to advance the local livelihoods.
Kebijakan Luar Negeri Sebagai Manifestasi Eksistensi Negara
Authors: Hambalie Wibi
Published: September 2020

International relation can not be separated from state as the main actor. It is common for state to gain interest as much as it needs. Foreign policy becomes a way to communicate with another state. The state can use their foreign policy not only to communicate but also to show their manifestation and existance in the international system. Before producing a foreign policy, a state might want to prepare themselves in order to create a suitable policy for their people. Several factors like geographical position and demography or military strengh might influence the foreign policy. A decent foreign policy should reflect the will of the people. Foreign policy in the other way as a proof of existence could use a tool to deal with others
Kontrol Media Tiongkok di Era Xi Jinping sebagai Upaya Tiongkok menjadi Kekuatan Global
Authors: Gracia Esy
Published: September 2020

In the era of globalization, media is omnipresent as well as gaining more influence and importance. With the rise of digital platform, the role of media as an information provider is enhanced and could prevail people’s political life. It is then clear that media is one of the pathways to become a Global Power due to its capability to direct public opinion. China in Xi Jinping’s era, fully recognizing the media’s potential, is continuing its effort on maintaining control over the media to be able to secure its prominence and level up its position in the international system. Using the concept of agenda setting and Uighurbiz website case as the example, this paper seeks to understand China’s control over its media in order to ease their way to becoming a global power.
Peran Indivindu dalam Dunia Internasional Studi Kasus: Upaya Nadia Murad, Sang Wanita Peraih Nobel Perdamaian Melawan Ketiranian ISIS
Authors: Sari Venisa Yunita
Published: September 2020

Nadia Murad Basee Taha is a Human Rights Activist, winner of the Nobel Peace Prize in 2018. Nadia Murad was one of the victims of ISIS-related atrocities in 2014. She is one of 6,500 Yazidi women who can be arbitrarily questioned by ISIS militia. Therefore, after being freed from ISIS incarceration, Nadia Murad have been vigorously campaigning to fight for both children and adults’ rights, who were still shackled in the grip of ISIS. This study uses the theory of feminism which then supported by policies, values, norms, and public opinion that have an impact on international realm. This research then formulates answers to research questions relating to the role of individuals in the international world. Through qualitative with descriptive methods, the data sources in this paper come from literature studies by studying books, journals, and research reports. The results of this paper are divided into two important points in explaining the efforts of Nadia Murad in fighting for minority rights in Iraq to be free from the shackles of ISIS. First, Nadia Murad's background. Second, the role of Nadia Murad to fight for and save ISIS prisoners.
The Rise of Non-State Actors in Globalization and Democratization Era: Terrorist Group versus State Actors
Authors: Widiatmaja Aji , Rizqi Fajria Hasta
Published: September 2020

Globalization brings together both mobility upheaval and democratization in technology for every state, organization, and people around the world. These phenomena make information, technology, and networking which a long time ago become state domain are today accessible for everyone. It gives a leeway for non-state actors which used to be powerless can speak louder in present day. However, this likely rejoice phenomena sometimes produce another side effect. The leeway also gives relatively easy access for certain non-state actors to achieve power that in the same time endanger world order. These non-state actors are terrorist groups which today possess great power, energized by globalization and democratization of technology, to balance the power of states. They utilize globalization and democratization era to organize, create image, build network, fund, and disseminate their activities around the globe. This study aims to analyze the rise of terrorist groups threats in today globalization and democratization era and in the same time examine the declining of state roles in international stages. This study uses descriptive qualitative method and using Globalization, Soft Power, and Balance of Power theories to dissect and analyze those phenomena. Several recommendations will be drawn from the analysis to contribute in making a robust and comprehensive international cooperation to combat terrorist groups.
Defining the Role of Multinational Corporations: Starbucks and Coffee Culture in Indonesia
Authors: Nurhasanah Siti , Dewi Chika
Published: September 2020

Aktor-aktor non-negara dalam Hubungan Internasional memiliki kekuatan ekonomi, politik, dan sosial yang memiliki pengaruh dalam level nasional dan internasional. Tulisan ini akan fokus membahas salah satu aktor non-negara yaitu MNCs dengan mengambil studi kasus Starbucks. Starbucks merupakan salah satu MNCs yang berhasil menjadi coffee shop nomor satu dan pada tahun 2018 tercatat memiliki 27.000 outlet yang tersebat di seluruh belahan dunia. Indonesia telah menjadi host country sejak tahun 2002 saat Starbucks pertama kali hadir di Indonesia berlokasi di Plaza Indonesia. Starbucks telah berkembang pesat dan pada tahun 2018 tercatat memiliki 326 outlet di 22 kota besar di Indonesia. Starbucks tidak hanya menjual kopi, tetapi memberikan kesan baru dalam menikmati kopi yang dikenal dengan “Starbucks experience”. Starbucks telah mempromosikan coffee culture sejak 1971. Di Indonesia, Starbucks telah berkontribusi terhadap transformasi budaya ngopi dari cara tradisional menjadi modern, dimana tempat ngopi dibuat sangat nyaman dimanjakan dengan berbagai fasilitas. Starbucks menjadi bagian dari modernisasi budaya ngopi di Indonesia yang telah mendorong kedai-kedai kopi untuk mencontoh manajemen dan pemasaran Starbucks serta memiliki sasaran konsumen yang lebih luas. Starbucks menciptakan berbagai inovasi terutama dalam varian rasa yang memungkinkan kopi bisa dinikmati oleh siapa saja tanpa mengenal umur. Dalam tulisan ini, penulis ingin menganalisis kedatangan Starbucks kaitannya dengan transformasi budaya ngopi di Indonesia menggunakan konsep milik Arjun Appandurai yaitu “5 dimensions of global cultural flow” dan menganalisis kegagalan Starbucks dalam menciptakan produk hibrid di Indonesia.
Hambatan Ekspor Crude Palm Oil (CPO) Indonesia ke Uni Eropa pasca Kebijakan Renewable Energy Directive (RED)
Authors: Natashya Jevon
Published: September 2020

Beside Malaysia, Indonesia is also one of the largest Crude Palm Oil (CPO) producer and exporter in the world. European Union is one of Indonesia’s trading partner and the biggest importer of CPO that used for the biofuel production, especially the biodiesel for transportation sector. But, in 2009, European Union released the Renewable Energy Directive (RED) that required all members to used renewable energy for every sector with the minimum requirement 20% for general sectors and 10% for transportation sectors. While this policy will make the European Union countries used the clean energy, RED became a new kind of NonTariff barriers for Indonesia’s CPO that become an important commodity from Indonesia. This paper will explain by the theory of International Political Economy (IPE) by focused into the Neo-Mercantilism to the analysis of Non-Tariff barriers that used by European Union for the CPO import into Indonesia. Besides that, the writer also used a National Interest concept to explain the importance of CPO for Indonesia and European Union Countries that agreed with the RED.
Capacidad de respuesta frente a la pandemia de COVID-19 en América Latina y el Caribe
Authors: Acosta Laura Débora
Published: September 2020

Objetivo.Analizar la evolución de la pandemia de COVID-19 en países de América Latina y el Caribe en sus primeros 90 días y su asociación con variables relacionadas con las medidas de salud pública y características demográficas, sanitarias y sociales.

Métodos.Se analizó la tendencia de nuevos casos diarios y la tasa cruda de mortalidad por COVID-19 (TCM) través de la metodología de análisis de regresiónJoinpoint, utilizando el Programa de Regresión deJoinpoint4.8.0.1. Los datos se obtuvieron del registroOur World in Data. Se realizó un análisis de correspondencias múltiple entre las medidas de salud pública adoptadas en cada país frente a la pandemia de COVID-19 (medido a través del índice de rigor de la Universidad de Oxford), las condiciones sanitarias, demográficas y sociales y los resultados de la evolución de la pandemia. Se utilizó el programa SPSS.

Resultados.El análisis de regresiónJoinpointindica que el mayor crecimiento en el número de casos se observa en Brasil (11,3%) y la mayor velocidad de crecimiento en la TCM en México (16,2%). El análisis de correspondencia múltiple identificó que la TCM se asocia con la población total, el índice de rigor, el nivel de urbanización, la proporción de la población que vive con menos de un dólar al día, la prevalencia de diabetes y el número de camas hospitalarias.

Conclusiones.Los países de la región muestran una evolución heterogénea en la incidencia de COVID-19. Esta heterogeneidad se asocia tanto con las medidas de salud pública adoptadas, así como con el tamaño de la población, los niveles de pobreza y los sistemas de salud preexistentes.
Recomendaciones para la reapertura de servicios de cirugía electiva durante la pandemia por SARS-CoV-2
Authors: Mendivelso Duarte Fredy Orlando , Rodríguez Bedoya Milena , Barrios Parra Arnold José
Published: September 2020

Dada la incertidumbre que acompaña a la pandemia por SARS-CoV-2 y ante la necesidad de dar respuesta a múltiples problemas de salud crónicos y agudos que afectan a la población general, incluidos aquellos que precisan de una intervención quirúrgica, se presentan las recomendaciones implementadas en clínicas y hospitales de Colombia como guía para lograr una reapertura de los servicios de cirugía electiva de forma segura, escalonada y monitoreada acorde a la dinámica que impone la pandemia, la regulación nacional e internacional y la velocidad en la producción de evidencia científica relacionada con la COVID-19.
A FRACTURED EARTH - SONIFICATION AND SPATIALISATION OF SEISMIC DATA WITH MAX:MSP AND SPEAKER MOTION
Authors: Dunham Paul , Johnson Bridget
Published: September 2020

This paper provides an overview of a Max/MSP patch that sonifies seismic data and the use of spatialisation to explore the resulting soundscape. The background to the development of the patch and spatialisation techniques are discussed and a brief overview of the implementation of the patch is provided with contexts for its use. Spatialisation is explored with the use of a new mechatronic speaker system and its use in a live performance. Finally, the paper considers future development of the system.
Nostalgics, Thugs and Psycho-killers: Neo-fascists in Contemporary Italian Cinema
Authors: Leotta Alfio
Published: September 2020

No description supplied
Reorienting Locus of Control in Individuals Who Have Offended Through Strengths-Based Interventions: Personal Agency and the Good Lives Model
Authors: Tyler Nichola , Heffernan Roxanne , Fortune Clare-Ann
Published: September 2020

No description supplied
The relevance and problems of the Hague Convention of July 2 2019 on the recognition and enforcement of foreign judgments ratification by the Russian Federation
Authors: Senicheva Marina
Published: September 2020

The article sheds some light on problems that impede the ratification by the Russian Federation of the Hague Convention on the recognition and enforcement of foreign judgements of July 2, 2019.

As a result of analysis of the risks and prospects of ratification by the Russian Federation of the Hague Convention on the Recognition and Enforcement of Foreign judgements of July 2, 2019, the author concludes that there are no legal contradictions that could adversely affect ratification of the convention in question. In this regard it is possible to conclude that these are political contradictions and the Russian Federation’s reluctance to build a cross-border system for recognizing and enforcing decisions of foreign courts that can impede the convention's ratification
SSUES OF OPPOSITION TO THE USE OF INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES FOR THE WRONG, INCLUDING MILITARY-POLITICAL AND TERRORIST PURPOSES (THEORETICAL AND LEGAL ASPECT)
Authors: Ismailov Agamehti , Kononov Alexey
Published: September 2020

The article describes the challenges and threats faced by the Russian Federation in the 21st century. The concept of "information security" is given, which has been developed in the works of scientific works of many scientists. It is suggested that the information security system should be formed taking into account the new balance of forces on the world stage, geostrategic changes, rational costs and efficient use of the country's economic opportunities.
Geneologi Islamisme di Kalangan Muslim Millenial Indonesia
Authors: Dahlan Moh
Published: September 2020

In the last decade, Indonesian Millennial Muslims have a tendency to choose Islamism as their life trend, so as it becomes a problem in the life of a plural Indonesian people. By using the ushul fiqh approach, data collection techniques using library research and content analysis techniques, this study shows that first, the genealogy of the paradigm of Islamism that develops in Indonesia does not always have a negative connotation that means radicalism, but the paradigm of Islamism among Millennial Muslims in Indonesia has turned out to be a medium for packaging and spreading the paradigm of popular Islamism. Therefore, there is a correlation between the jargon carriers of Islamism and its products. Second, the birth of the paradigm of Islamism among millennial Muslims occurred because of the existence of culture, learning ethos and social media and electronics that have encouraged the birth of the paradigm of Islamism, so that it has brought a new trend that supports an increasingly massive and popular Islamic life with innovative and creative packaging.Third, the implications of the paradigm of Islamism among Millennial Muslims have had positive and negative impacts.The positive impact is that Islamism encourages millennial Muslim generations to learn, understand and practice the teachings of Islam in a comprehensive manner as well as popular Islamic understanding which is in accordance with maqashid al-shari'ah, while the negative impact is that the encouragement of learning, understanding and practicing religious teachings Islam in a comprehension that is exposed to the understanding of radicalism-intolerant can actually lead to intolerant attitudes and behaviour, even radicalism that is contrary to the Maqashid al-Shari'ah
Comparative study on the performance of microscopic and rapid diagnostic test (RDT) for malaria among some patients in Maiduguri metropolis
Authors: Zainab Sabo Muhammad  , Mahmud Yerima Iliyasu  , Hassan Shuaibu Musa  , Ibrahim Mustapha  , Goni Musa Lawan
Published: September 2020

Malaria remains a major public health problem in Nigeria, that a positive, accurate and reliable microscopy or RDT should preferably be obtained before commencing treatment. High specificity will reduce unnecessary treatment with antimalarial drugs and improve the diagnosis. This study analyze the performance of microscopy and Rapid Diagnostic Techniques (RDT) used in the diagnosis of malaria at the University of Maiduguri Teaching Hospital, Maiduguri, Borno State, Nigeria from September to October, 2019. A total of 118 blood samples was screened for malaria by preparation of thick and thin film, Leishman staining and microscopic examination of the slides under oil immersion objectives. Rapid Diagnostic test (RDT) was performed using NADAL® Malaria 4 species test cassettes, with emphasis on falciparum malaria. The results shows that 65 patients (55.1%) were positive for malaria, out of which 42 (64.6%) were males, mainly (24.6%) within the young age group (1-10 years). Some of the patients 17 (26.2%) have started taking antimalarial drugs before coming to the hospital. Out of the 96 patients presented with acute malaria, only 43 (66.2%) were positive, but all those with severe cases (33.8%) were positive by both microscopic and RDT tests. In general, 53 patients (81.5%) were positive by microscopy, while only 12(18.5%) are RDT-positive. The study revealed a low performance of RDT with high number of false negative tests compared to microscopy on the same samples. It is therefore, necessary to reinforce training in microscopy, improved supplies and ensure proper handling/storage of the rapid test kits in malaria-endemic area, like Nigeria.
Designing a Mobile Game Application for Student with Learning Disabilities
Authors: S.N.M Mohamad , Azmidy I Nor , B. M. K Imam , Nuraini C.K.M Che Ku
Published: September 2020

Learning disabilities are a problem that influences the brain's capacity to receive, process, analyze and store information. These processing issues can interfere with learning fundamental abilities, especially for learning mathematics. Fortunately, different approaches and methods in teaching and learning can improve students with learning disabilities to understand and know to count basic mathematic operations. This study focuses on the designing of mobile game applications based on the Speedline method to help students with learning disabilities to understand basic mathematical operational especially the addition and subtraction problem. Based on the findings, Speedline game was design using the puzzle game concept and the game design is fully discussed in this paper.