bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Genotypic Characterization of Epstein Barr Virus in Blood of Patients with Suspected Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma in Ghana
Authors: Ayee Richmond , Ofori Maame Ekua Oforiwaa , Tagoe Emmanuel Ayitey , Languon Sylvester , Searyoh Kafui , Armooh Louis , Bilson-Amoah Estella , Baidoo Kenneth , Kitcher Emmanuel , Wright Edward , Quaye Osbourne
Published: July 2020

Nasopharyngeal cancer (NPC) is associated with Epstein Barr virus (EBV) infection. However different viral strains have been implicated in NPC worldwide. This study aimed to detect and characterize EBV in patients diagnosed with NPC in Ghana. A total of 55 patients diagnosed with NPC by CT scan and endoscopy were age-matched with 53 controls without a known oncological disease. Venous blood was collected from the study participants and DNA extracted from the blood samples. Detection of EBV and genotyping were done by amplifying Epstein Barr nuclear antigen 1 (EBNA-1) and Epstein Barr nuclear antigen 2 (EBNA-2), respectively, using specific primers. Viral load in patients and controls was determined using real-time polymerase chain reaction. EBV positivity in controls (92%) was significantly greater than that of NPC patients (67%) (χ2 = 19.17, p < 0.0001), and viral infection was independent of gender (χ2 = 1.770, p = 0.1834). The predominant EBV genotypes in patients and controls were genotype 2 (52%) and genotype 1 (62%), respectively. Median EBV load was significantly higher in NPC patients than the control group (p < 0.01). In summary, prevalence of EBV genotype 2 infection was higher in NPC patients than the control group. Assessment of EBV load may be used as a biomarker for the diagnosis of NPC.
Establishment of a Simple and Efficient Reverse Genetics System for Canine Adenoviruses Using Bacterial Artificial Chromosomes
Authors: Matsugo Hiromichi , Kobayashi-Kitamura Tomoya , Kamiki Haruhiko , Ishida Hiroho , Takenaka-Uema Akiko , Murakami Shin , Horimoto Taisuke
Published: July 2020

Canine adenoviruses (CAdVs) are divided into pathotypes CAdV1 and CAdV2, which cause infectious hepatitis and laryngotracheitis in canid animals, respectively. They can be the backbones of viral vectors that could be applied in recombinant vaccines or for gene transfer in dogs and in serologically naïve humans. Although conventional plasmid-based reverse genetics systems can be used to construct CAdV vectors, their large genome size creates technical difficulties in gene cloning and manipulation. In this study, we established an improved reverse genetics system for CAdVs using bacterial artificial chromosomes (BACs), in which genetic modifications can be efficiently and simply made through BAC recombineering. To validate the utility of this system, we used it to generate CAdV2 with the early region 1 gene deleted. This mutant was robustly generated and attenuated in cell culture. The results suggest that our established BAC-based reverse genetics system for CAdVs would be a useful and powerful tool for basic and advanced practical studies with these viruses.
A history of the discovery of bacteriophages. Will the well - forgotten old become new?
Authors: Frolova E.
Published: July 2020

Staphylococcus is considered to be one of the most common pathogens that can lead to the development of numerous pathological processes, from pyoderma to peritonitis. Being a potentially pathogenic microorganism, it is able not to make itself noticed for years, peacefully coexisting with the host organism. But should one only go through a viral infection out of bed, suffer from stressful situations, or simply get overcooled, the potentially pathogenic microflora activates and manifests itself as a local or general infectious process. Activation of staphylococcal microflora is most often observed in sickly people with weakened immune systems, suffering from endocrine diseases, having long ellneses. Long-term and uncontrolled use of antibiotics with the formation of resistance to them is also of great importance. It is the widespread distribution of antibiotic-resistant strains of staphylococcus that makes doctors and scientists look for new forms of controling this and other microorganisms. Against this background, it’s time to recall the bacteriophages long forgotten in the era of the craze for antibiotics, especially given the fact that over the past thirty years not a single completely new group of antibacterial agents has been synthesized.
Are Thyroid Problems Really So Terrible? Recommendations for Therapists
Authors: Demidov N. , Alipova O. , Soghomonyan K. , Zemskova E.
Published: July 2020

Patients with thyroid diseases often create difficulties in the practice of a therapist and general practitioner (GP). It usually occurs due to insufficient knowledge of primary care physicians regarding these diseases. But much more difficulties for the entire health care system are created by unreasonably high attention to these problems, and the desire to diagnose the state of the thyroid gland in almost all patients with any complaints. A huge number of diagnostic examinations, prescribed without sufficient evidence, create an excessive load on ultrasound and medical specialists, as well as increase the cost of laboratory tests, often not only not contributing, but even interfering with establishing the true cause of the patient’s condition. The article attempts to formulate a simple set of recommendations for a general practitioner (GP), aimed at reducing the number of unreasonable studies and reducing the burden on specialized professionals without compromising the quality of diagnosis.
TANGGUNGJAWAB NAZHIR KOPERASI SYARIAH SEBAGAI LKS PWU DALAM PENGELOLAAN WAKAF UANG MELALUI APLIKASI FINTECH
Authors: Nurjamil Siti Nurhayati,
Published: July 2020

This research was conducted to determine the form of Islamic cooperative nazhir responsibilities as PWU LKS in the management of waqf especially for a loss case in the management of waqf money. The study was a qualitative analytical study with a normative juridical approach. Data obtained through library research and field research and then analyzed qualitatively. This research was conducted in the city of Bandung, in this case the object of the study was the Sharia Cooperative that had been designated as a nazhir waqf for money by the Indonesian Waqf Board. The study concluded that if problems in the management of waqf money such as the occurrence of problematic financing or NPF, occured due to Nazir errors, either due to deliberate or negligence and / or due to non-consideration of the principle of prudence, then Nazir can be held liable according to the responsibility based on the error (based on error) on fault). This is regulated in the Civil Code (hereinafter abbreviated as the Civil Code) specifically contained in Articles 1365, 1366 and 1367. If some provisions relating to the principle of responsibility based on errors can be proven, Nazirs were required to compensate and return the endowment funds. Conversely, if the problems occured are not due to Nazir's fault, Nazir cannot be held accountable, both morally and legally. Compensation for wakaf assets shall be borne by other parties who cooperate with Nazir as stipulations regarding defaults or acts against the law stipulated in the Civil Registry

 

Keywords: Responsibility, Nazhir Wakaf Money, PWU LKS, Fintech
What Could Influence Workers' Decisions to Disclose a Mental Illness at Work?
Authors: Dewa Carolyn S , Van Weeghel Jaap , Joosen Margot CW , Brouwers Evelien PM
Published: July 2020

Background: Stigma can be a barrier for workers experiencing a mental illness to access accommodations at work. However, work accommodations may be necessary to maintain a worker's ability to work. Therefore, it may be important to develop effective interventions to address workplace stigma. Objective: To determine (1) what proportion of workers would probably disclose their mental health issue to their manager, (2) what are the motivating factors for the decision of whether or not to disclose, and (3) what would potentially change the disclosure decision? Methods: A link to a Web-based questionnaire was sent to a nationally representative sample of 1671 Dutch adults over 18 years of age. The response rate was 74%. We focused on the 892 respondents who indicated they were either employed for pay or looking for employment, not in management positions, and never experienced a mental health issue. This group comprised 73% of the total sample. They were asked if they would disclose their mental health issue to their manager. For what reasons would they disclose/not disclose the issue? And, what could change their decision? Results: We found that almost 75% of workers would disclose to their managers. The perceived relationship with their managers and feelings of responsibility to their workplaces were important contributors to the decision. A large minority of workers would not tell, preferring to deal with their issues alone. In addition, a significant proportion of workers would choose not to disclose fearing negative consequences. Conclusion: Our results indicate that the majority of these Dutch workers would disclose a mental health issue to their managers. The relationship with the manager plays a central role. The advice from a trusted individual and the experiences of colleagues are also significant factors in the disclosure decision.
Addressing the “shadow pandemic” through a public health approach to violence prevention
Authors: Snowdon Lara C. , Barton Emma R. , Newbury Annemarie , Parry Bryony , Bellis Mark A. , Hopkins Joanne C.
Published: July 2020

Experts from across the globe have warned of the adverse consequences of COVID-19 lockdown and physical distancing restrictions on violence in the home, with the United Nations describing it as a shadow pandemic. This social innovation narra-tive explores how a public health approach to violence prevention is implemented in Wales during the COVID-19 pandemic by the multi-agency Wales Violence Prevention Unit. The article highlights early trends in monitoring data on the impact of COVID-19 restrictions on violence, including likely increases in domestic and sexual violence and abuse, concerns over the safety of children and young people, both online and in the home, and increased reporting of elder abuse. The article supports the notion of a shadow pandemic, emphasizing the lack of data that routinely measures violence in the home and online that disproportionately affects women, children, and older people, as well as vulnerable and minority populations. This renders these forms of violence much less “visible” to policy-makers in comparison with violence in public spaces, but they are of no less public health significance. Through sharing this narrative and early findings, we call for increased focus on the develop-ment of new data collection methods and violence prevention programs during the COVID-19 pandemic and in the future.
THE SUSTAINABILITY OF FLORA, FAUNA AND GEOMETRIC MOTIF DESIGNS AMONG BATIK TULIS MANUFACTURERS IN KLANG VALLEY
Authors: Abdullah Ahmad Hakim , Samin Mohd Azhar
Published: July 2020

The purpose of this research is to find out the development of the batik tulis industry in the Klang Valley from the 1970s until 2018. It aims to study the design and identity of the batik tulis motif and patterns. This research used several methods and approaches for data collection which consisted of interviews, observations, and photo documentation. Three batik tulis manufacturers in the Klang Valley have been selected for this study. The data collected were then analysed using an analytical design approach. The findings showed that each manufacturer of batik tulis has exclusivity in terms of its subject matter as well as assertions in the patterns and designs used. The development of the batik tulis industry has changed in terms of designs according to the demands of batik consumers themselves who prefer differentiation in the design concept of batik products. Most of the batik products in the Klang valley are more focused on the concept of modern and contemporary designs for the sustainability of these batik motif design.
VALUATION BUSINESS IN PEER TO PEER LENDING WITH DISCOUNTED CASH FLOW (DCF) METHOD
Authors: Hakim Muhammad Akhirul , Rahadi Dr. Raden Aswin , Adrianza M. Akmal
Published: July 2020

Start-up companies are businesses that are now very popular in Indonesia. To support the business moving fast, these businesses need investors by offering the company's fair value. With similar but not the same calculation, in which start-up companies have different financial indicators and financial assumptions with conventional companies, in this case, the valuation is included innovation value and disruption probability. This research is a descriptive study which is based on case studies in the research object. The object of research is PT ABC, a company engaged in the field of Financial Technology. Data collection is done by collecting secondary data from the company and observation during the internship. The analysis is done by conducting a sensitivity analysis with the DCF method using Microsoft Excel. Valuation is also very closely related to Financial Projection to predict the state of the industry pear to pear landing in the future. The data shows that the enterprise value is Rp. 46,084,735,403,742. Then, EV/Revenue is 1,748 times, and the percentage of raise is 100%. According to DCF Valuation, the author suggests investors invest in the company. Because the valuation is very good.
THE ROLE OF THE COMMUNITY PARTICIPATION IN THE ARCHITECTURAL HERITAGE PROJECTS IN PALESTINE (COMPARATIVE STUDY)
Authors: Shehada Ziad M. M.
Published: July 2020

Community participation is very important in the heritage conservation projects. It assists the people to solve their problems and allow them to preserve the legacy for the future generation. The study aims to evaluate the role of community participation in the cultural heritage projects in Palestine using Arnstein's ladder and explore the extent to which such participation contributes to the success of these projects. The researcher adopts an analytical and comparative research method to deeply understand the importance of involving the community in the conservation projects through six case studies: three inside Palestine and three outside Palestine. The study concludes that there is a distinction in the concept of community participation in conservation projects. Besides, community participation takes different forms depending on the stage of works, the request of the stakeholders, and the categories of participants. The article emphasizes the necessity of activating and adopting community participation as a method for the implementation of conservation projects.
LANGUAGE LEARNING AND TEACHING USING KAHOOT!
Authors: Kaur Paramjit , Nadarajan Reenuga
Published: July 2020

There are various technological tools and software that can be used to enhance the language teaching-learning process. Research has shown that the integration of ‘gamification’ based software like Kahoot! has the ability to influence and enhance language learning outcomes and can be used as effective teaching and assessment tools in language classrooms. This study explores the language teaching and learning experiences of five teachers and 50 secondary students in an international school when they used Kahoot! in their English classes. The study employed a questionnaire with ten items using a five-level categorical Likert scale and a semi-structured interview to collect data. Almost all the teachers reported that Kahoot! was an effective teaching and assessment tool, and the use Kahoot! enabled the teachers to engage students actively in classes. The results from the questionnaire highlighted that almost all the students reported positive experiences when they had lessons integrated with the use of Kahoot!. The majority of students reported that they were able to engage actively in their language lessons when Kahoot! was used. Almost all the students reported positive experiences when they used Kahoot! in their language classrooms. Generally, it was found that Kahoot! enabled students to engage and actively participate in their language learning processes, and teachers used Kahoot! to create a more meaningful and rich language learning experience for their students.
SENIOR TOURISM AND CHANCE FOR TOURISM BUSINESS PLAYERS
Authors: Mangunsong Farma
Published: July 2020

Increasing the number of elderly people in the world creates an opportunity for the tourism business. To be in line with this, business players in the tourism sector have to cope with their social demographic factors such as age, gender, income, cultural values, and also promotion methods to promote senior tourism. The objective of this study is to describe the social demographic characteristics and needs of potential elderly people so that business players can utilize the phenomena and collected information as a benefit to promote tourism for elderly people or senior tourism. This study used SWOT analysis to identify strength, weakness, opportunity, and threat of senior tourism business as well as to formulate strategies for senior tourism. The literature review was conducted to collect information about elderly people having senior tourism. It is found that social demographic characteristics influence the needs and motivation of elderly people in senior tourism. Senior tourists from high-income levels need high quality of service, beautiful scenery, and privacy while those from middle-income levels prefer attractions and festivals. Senior tourists with “young at heart” prefer more challenging activities as well as younger and male senior tourists, while those with “old at heart” put higher concern on convenience and security as well as older and female tourists. Leisure, cultural values, and personal achievement motivate elderly people to have senior tourism. Leisure with family and parents motivates senior tourism in Asia but living away from materialistic life is more appropriate for western people. Creating several traveling packages to adapt to various characteristics of elderly people will enlarge the market for the tourism sector. Providing better facilities adopting physical need of elderly people make them confident to travel. Business players can use digital social media to promote senior tourism to elderly people as well as to current adult children since current old parents experience higher technological exposure rather than their previous counterparts.
DISCOURSE OF POLITICAL AND LEGAL IDEAS IN A NETWORK SOCIETY: SOCIO-PHILOSOPHICAL ANALYSIS (PART 1)
Authors: Ravochkin N.N.
Published: July 2020

The article identifies new essential features of the discourse of political and legal ideas, acquired by it in the realities of a network society. It is noted that the functioning of these intellectual constructs in the space of a particular society or state directly determines the effectiveness of the institutional structure, and also allows the authorities to achieve a different pragmatic effect. As a research methodology, the author turns to his own synthetic epistemic-methodological foundations, focusing on the provisions of social realism (R. Collins, N.S. Rozov) and actor-network theory. In accordance with the indicated approaches, the mechanism of genesis and the logic of the existence of ideas in the social space are presented. The specificity and characteristic features of a network society are shown, which also allows its reading as an information model of society. In conclusion, the work outlines the possibilities for further research on the claimed topic.
PSYCHOLOGICAL WELL-BEING OF AN INDIVIDUAL IN RELATION TO TRUST IN ONESELF AND PEOPLE
Authors: Ya.S. Suntsova Ya.S. ч
Published: July 2020

The article is devoted to the study of the psychological well-being of an individual in connection with trust in oneself and people. The relevance of the study is due to the fact that the situation of social development of a modern person in the postmodern environment, characterized by disintegration of communities and groups formed and supported on the basis of unity of worldview, activity and lifestyle, creates a threat to the psychological well-being of a person, due to the growing distrust of man to himself and people. In the course of the study, the level and substantial characteristics of an individual’s confidence in oneself and people were studied; the psychological well-being of an individual with different levels of trust in oneself and people was investigated; the components of psychological well-being associated with the personal trust in oneself and people were revealed. It was established that the lower the level of trust of a person in himself and people, the lower the level of psychological well-being and its components; indicators of self-confidence and trust in people are associated with the following components of psychological well-being of an individual: personal growth, goals in life, environmental management, self-acceptance, an integral indicator of psychological well-being, degree of satisfaction with daily activities.
PERSONAL TRAITS AND THE FAMILY ENVIRONMENT EVALUATION BY SPOUSES WITH VARIOUS MARRIAGE EXPERIENCE
Authors: Kornienko D.S. , Silina E.A.
Published: July 2020

Many studies in the field of family psychology turn their attention to various aspects: satisfaction with marriage, appearance of children, crises in the development of family. The development of marital relations is a significant factor affecting the interaction between spouses and their personal qualities. The issues of changing the spouses' perceptions of the family environment in connection with the length of marriage and gender role poses remain relevant. In a sample of 101 pairs of spouses with experience less and more than ten years were studied: extroversion, neuroticism and family environment characteristics. T-test, analysis of variance, and correlation were used. As a result, it was found that spouses with different lengths of family life differ in all respects of the family environment. Young spouses strive for self-realization in various spheres of life and the establishment of rules and norms of family interaction. As the length of marriage increases, the family environment becomes essential for husbands, while for wives, it brings the possibility of manifesting themselves in other areas of life. Differences in personality traits coincide with general age-related tendencies; this is how women's emotionality decreases and men's emotionality increases as a result of the joint family environment.
DIGITAL INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE SELECTION AND TRAINING OF YOUNG DRAUGHTS PLAYERS
Authors: Petrov P.K. , Torokhova S.P.
Published: July 2020

The article discusses issues related to the study of the effectiveness of a digital educational resource in the form of a computer program for the selection and training of children 6-8 years old in the intellectual sport of "draughts (checkers)". The structure and functional features of the created computer program are revealed. The scale of the coefficient of combinational vision has been substantiated, which allows assessing the level of development of combinational vision in young draughts players both during selection in the draughts section and during correction of the training process. To assess the effectiveness of the developed methodology, a pedagogical experiment was used; the significance of differences between the results was calculated using Student's t-test for dependent results. The results obtained in the study showed the effectiveness of using the developed computer program in training and evaluating the development of the combinational vision of young draughtsmen as one of the main indicators of the draughtsman’s ability to make a final strike, leading to the win of the match. The results can be used in the selection process and in the training process in sports sections and draughts (checkers) clubs.
IS THERE MENTAL ENERGY?
Authors: Glazunov Yu.T.
Published: July 2020

The article deals with the analysis of the widespread notion of "mental energy". The analysis is based on a materialistic understanding of reality within a classical scientific paradigm. The history of the concepts of “matter”, “energy” and “information” is considered. Inseparable connection of energy with matter and information is shown, as well as their role and place in organization of human mental activity. The concepts of emotional and mental energy are defined. It is shown that the human psyche itself does not produce any energy. It only consumes it. The word combination “mental energy” can mean only one thing: it is a part of energy produced by the organism and intended for providing the work of the human mental system. It is claimed that the production of such energy is accompanied by an information signal called emotion. The role and place of information in this process is shown. Mathematical models of production of emotional and mental energy are constructed and formulas for its release depending on time are presented.
FEATURES OF MENTAL STATES SELF-REGULATION OF STUDENTS WITH DIFFERENT LEVEL OF REGULATORY ABILITIES
Authors: Prokhorov A.O. , Chernov A.V. , Yusupov M.G.
Published: July 2020

The article presents the results of studying mental states characteristics, regulatory properties and methods of self-regulation of students with different level of self-regulation effectiveness during the semester exam. The effectiveness of self-regulation was assessed by the help of the author's research questionnaire and compared with the mark received on the exam. Diagnostic tools were supplemented by author's questionnaires for diagnosing the severity of mental states, regulatory properties and methods of students' self-regulation. The study involved 162 humanitarian and natural sciences students, grouped into samples with low and high effectiveness of mental states self-regulation during the exam. The study established the relationship between the effectiveness of self-regulation and the productivity of passing an exam. It was revealed that students with high effectiveness of self-regulation experience positive mental states (activity, thoughtfulness), while students with low effectiveness are dominated by negative ones (excitement, doubt). It is shown that the effectiveness of students’ mental states self-regulation is manifested not only in the modality (sign) of the experienced state, but also in a greater intensity of the substructures of mental states. It is established that there are regulatory properties that contribute to the highest effectiveness of mental states self-regulation (assertiveness, organization). It is found that the high effectiveness of students' self-regulation is combined with the use of active and rational methods of mental states self-regulation during the exam.
Sobre las recomendaciones del Ministerio de Salud para el tratamiento farmacológico de la COVID-19 en el Perú
Authors: Chirinos Julio A. , Corrales-Medina Vicente F. , Heresi-Dávila Gustavo , Hernandez Adrian V. , Málaga German , Mallea Jorge M. , Miranda J. Jaime , Morey Oscar O. , Rodríguez-Mori Juan E. , Salinas-Gamero Jesús E. , Serpa-Alvarez José , Taype-Rondan Alvaro , Zavaleta Carol
Published: July 2020

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Variantes en el número de copias en trastornos del neurodesarrollo, síndrome malformativo y talla baja en Perú
Authors: Abarca Barriga Hugo H. , Vásquez Sotomayor Flor de Milagros , Trubnykova Milana , Chavesta Velásquez Félix , Chávez Pastor Miguel A. , Gallardo Jugo Bertha E. , Poterico Rojas Julio , Caballero Bedón Nathaly , La Serna Infantes Jorge , Vásquez Loarte Tania
Published: July 2020

Objetivo: determinar las variantes en el número de copias y regiones de homocigosidad mediante el análisis cromosómico por micromatrices, en niños con diagnóstico de trastorno del neurodesarrollo: retraso del desarrollo psicomotor (RDPM), discapacidad intelectual (DI) y trastorno del espectro autista (TEA), así como pacientes con síndrome malformativo (SM) y talla baja idiopática (TBI). Materiales y métodos: se evaluaron a 367 niños peruanos diagnosticados clínicamente con DI, RDPM, TEA, TBI y SM a quienes se les realizó el análisis cromosómico por micromatrices (CMA 750K CGH+SNP) en sangre periférica, entre los años 2016-2018. Resultados: las edades fluctuaron entre los 4,8 meses y los 18 años, con una media de 5,6 años. Los diagnósticos más frecuentes fueron RDPM (48%) y DI (30%). Se reportaron resultados anormales (variantes patogénicas, probablemente patogénicas, disomías uniparentales y regiones de homocigosidad superiores a 2,56%) en el 50,3% de los pacientes. Los resultados anormales se observaron en el 53,3% de los casos con diagnóstico de DI y el 47,9% de RDPM; mientras que en el resto de los casos con TBI sindrómica, SM y TEA tuvieron resultados anormales en el 52,4%, 52% y 20% respectivamente. Por otro lado, encontramos hasta un 6,2% de los padres eran consanguíneos no declarados. Conclusiones: la tasa de detección de las variantes en el número de copias (CNVs) encontrada en nuestro estudio fue superior a la reportada en estudios internacionales independientemente del diagnóstico clínico. Además, se pudo encontrar una mayor frecuencia de consanguinidad no declarada con relación a estudios anteriores.
Pengembangan Alat Peraga Sistem Pencernaan Manusia Pada Mata Kuliah Anatomi
Authors: Fitri Alchonity Koni Harika
Published: July 2020

Penelitian ini dilatarbelakangi oleh kurangnya bahan ajar berupa alat peraga pada mata kuliah Anatomi materi sistem pencernaan pada manusia, untuk itu perlu dikembangkannya alat peraga khususnya alat peraga sistem pencernaan pada manusia guna memperlancar berlangsungnya proses perkuliahan. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengembangkan alat peraga system pencernaan pada manusia dengan kriteria valid, praktis, dan efektif. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian reseach and development (penelitian dan pengembangan) dengan menggunakan model pengembangan 4-D (four D), yang terdiri dari 4 tahap yaitu: define (pendefinisian), design (perancangan), develop (pengembangan), dan desseminate (penyebaran). Dari 4 tahap tersebut penulis hanya mengembangkan sampai pada tahap pengembangan. Penilaian alat peraga menggunakan lembar validasi yang diberikan kepada tenaga validator, lembar praktikalitas yang diberikan kepada praktisi, dan soal pretest yang diberikan kepada mahasiswa Penjaskesrek, guna melihat efektifitas alat peraga.Hasil pengembangan alat peraga sistem pencernaan pada manusia menggunakan model 4-D pada tahap validasi mendapatkan hasil 78,3% yang berarti valid, artinya alat peraga mempunyai ketepatan sehingga layak digunakan dalam pembelajaran. Pada tahap praktikalitas mendapatkan hasil 82,6% yang berarti sangat praktis, artinya alat peraga tersebut dapat digunakan dengan mudah oleh dosen dan mahasiswa. Tahap efektifitas mendapatkan persentase peningkatan hasil belajar siswa 84.73% yang berarti sangat efektif, artinya alat peraga tersebut dapat meningkatkan hasil belajar mahasiswa. Berdasarkan data hasil pengembangan alat peraga tersebut maka dapat disimpulkan bahwa alat peraga ini valid, praktis, dan efektif untuk digunakan dalam proses pembelajaran dan dengan menggunakan alat peraga tersebut dapat meningkatkan hasil belajar mahasiswa
Water Purification by Activation Plasma Technology
Authors:   Assistant Professor, Department of Civil Engineering, NSIT Bihta, Patna India., Kumar Chandan , Sinha Ankit Raj ,   Assistant Professor, Department of Civil Engineering, NSIT Bihta, Patna India., Prakash Sanjay ,   Assistant Professor, Department of Civil Engineering, NSIT Bihta, Patna India, Singh Khushwant ,   Assistant Professor, Department of Civil Engineering, NSIT Bihta, Patna India., Kumar Saurabh ,   Assistant Professor, Department of Civil Engineering, NSIT Bihta, Patna India.
Published: July 2020

In modern water treatment technologies Water needs to be processed to a level that can be reused in a meaningful way. Plasma production or plasma injection in liquid water provides an opportunity to inject advanced Oxidation processes in water for purification or chemical processing. Such technology can revolutionize Drinking water treatment, as well as current practices of chemical processing by removing physical catalysts. An overview of current water treatment is presented here where Technology, its limitations and the future, may include Plasmabased advanced oxidation method. In plasma Introduction to liquid water produces and attacks a host of reactive species finally mineralize the contaminants in the solution. This interaction takes place at the boundary layer or at the interaction zone is concentrated at the plasma - liquid water interface. There are limitations of traditional plasma injection procedures which include limited throughput capacity, electrode shear and reduced Process Volume. Here the technical limitations of plasma based water reactor will also be discussed.
A Data Prediction in Wireless Sensor Networks using Deep Learning-based RSA Algorithm
Authors:   Research scholar, SHAUTS, University, Allahabad, India., Dohare* Anand , Dr. (Mrs) Tulika  ,   Assistant Professor, Department of Computer Science and Information technology, Allahabad, India., Mallikarjuna Dr. Basetty ,   Department of Computer Science and Information technology, Allahabad, India., Sachan Mrs. Sweta ,   Department of Computer Science and Information technology, Allahabad, India.
Published: July 2020

In wireless sensor networks (WSN) data collection and gathering data from surroundings and removing the redundancy, process the appropriate data is a challenging task, in spite of low battery, less memory space, low computational speed, reduce the energy consumption are major research areas in WSN. Temperature sensor, humidity sensors are majorly used to climate monitoring, agricultural, humidity observation, due to energy consumption of sensors, low battery power, computational speed of sensors are used to maintain a long time is a crucial issue. To overcome such type of problems data prediction techniques are required, several data prediction, aggregation techniques are proposed in this issue and several research has been done, but not solved all challenging issues. In this paper proposed deep learning-based RSA algorithm to provide security and efficiently handle the data by using a feed-forward filter to remove the aggregated data, Least Mean Square (LMS) variable step-size method to remove error rate that will improve the energy consumption and size of the memory space for data collection, the experimental results proved that 98% predicted data and minimum error rate on cluster network as per considered (Intel Lab) data set.
Cooperação Técnica Internacional e Financiamento Externo: Aportes Teóricos
Authors: Oliveira Marcelo Fernandes de
Published: July 2020

The main objective of this article is to suggest a conceptual taxonomy of thegenerically called International Technical Cooperation (ITC) and Foreign Financial Aid (FFA) phenomena, which will have the pretension to ease their comprehension and their practical consequences for the Brazilian society and for the national State. Insofar, wheninduced by a dynamical structural change in the international society, some Brazilianfederated sectors, specially, municipalities, by the exercise of so-called paradiplomacy or federated diplomacy,  are developing public management instruments to acquire resources through ITC and FFA experiences, without making a reflexive thought about their benefits and their consequences.
Maquiavel, os Realistas e a Política Internacional
Authors: Oliveira Marcelo Fernandes de , Geraldello Camilla Silva
Published: July 2020

This article searchs demonstrate how main arguments on Maquiavel´s work, many of them deepened by Hobbes and other realistics authors, were incoorporated on the begning of the XX century as a found basis subject of International Relation. Since then, many authors have contributed on elaborating a realistc theorical model of Iternational Politics. Realism predominated on the theorical discussions of the subject for decades. It fullfiled an essencial fuction of instituzionalizing the International Relations as an independent area of study on Social Science. However, as a side efffect, “encapsulated” Maquiavel´s classic lessons in analitical reducionist arranges. Narrowing this way, the thought´s fertility of the maquiavelic´s thinking to the analyses of the research´s agenda on the International Relations area.
Trade Disputes between China and the United States: growing pains so far, worse ahead?
Authors: Gary Clyde Hufbauer Gary Clyde , Woollacott Jared C.
Published: July 2020

This study covers the history of Sino-US trade relations with a particular focus on the past decade, during which time each has been a member of the World Trade Organization (WTO). Providing a brief history of 19th and 20th century economic relations, this paper examines in detail the trade disputes that have arisen between China and the United States over the past decade, giving dollar estimates for the trade flows at issue. Each country has partaken in their share of protectionist measures, however, US measures have been characteristically defensive, protecting declining industries, while Chinese measures have been characteristically offensive, promoting nascent industries. We also cover administrative and legislation actions within each country that have yet to be the subject of formal complaint at the WTO. Thisincludes an original and comprehensive quantitative summary of US Section 337 intellectual property rights cases. While we view the frictions in Sino-US trade a logical consequence of the rapid increase in flows between the two countries, we caution that each country work within the WTO framework and respect any adverse decisions it delivers so that a protracted protectionist conflict does not emerge. We see the current currency battle as one potential catalyst for such conflict if US and Chinese policymakers fail to manage it judiciously.
ESTUDO DAS RAZÕES TRIGONOMÉTRICAS NO TRIÂNGULO RETÂNGULO A PARTIR DA INCLINAÇÃO DE RUAS E RAMPAS
Authors: Krummenauer Wilson  Leandro , Darroz Luiz Marcelo
Published: July 2020

Neste artigo, relatamos uma proposta de ensino das razões trigonométricas no triângulo retângulo, em uma turma do 9° ano do Ensino Fundamental, em uma escola privada do município de Novo Hamburgo, RS. A proposta foi fundamentada na teoria de aprendizagem de Vygotsky, a qual preconiza que a aprendizagem deve ocorrer através da interação social entre indivíduos. Objetivando contextualizar o ensino das razões trigonométricas, em duplas, os alunos fotografaram diferentes ruas inclinadas da cidade. Através de uma análise das medidas no computador, aplicando as razões trigonométricas, chegaram ao valor da inclinação da referida rua. Os alunos relataram que a atividade foi fundamental não apenas em verificar o valor da inclinação, que foi muito distante do valor verificado de forma intuitiva, como também uma excelente aplicação da Matemática no cotidiano.
COMPOSIÇÃO GRAVIMÉTRICA: PROPOSTA DE METODOLOGIA ATIVA NA APRENDIZAGEM BASEADA EM PROJETOS
Authors: Brunelli Erika , Viesba Everton
Published: July 2020

Em 2017 o Brasil gerou 78,4 milhões de toneladas de resíduos. A problemática do “lixo” envolve inúmeros problemas socioambientais, entre eles a geração excessiva e a destinação incorreta. Este trabalho apresenta o relato de experiência em educação sobre a atividade de composição gravimétrica desenvolvida em uma escola pública em Diadema – SP, a partir do uso da metodologia Aprendizagem Baseada em Projetos (ABP). A atividade objetivou quantificar e caracterizar os resíduos sólidos produzidos em uma escola no período de um turno. Foram utilizadas estratégias levantadas a partir da análise da literatura sobre ABP para guiar o desenvolvimento do projeto. Ao todo foram coletados 37,4 kg de resíduos, separados pelos estudantes em classes (papéis, orgânicos, entre outros). Além de o objetivo ter sido alcançado, observou-se que houve sensibilização e efetividade por meio das atitudes da comunidade escolar, por manifestações para novos projetos e pela análise de um questionário de avaliação.
PENGEMBANGAN MODEL PEMBELAJARAN SENAM KARATE KIDS (SKK) DI SDI AT'TAQWA SURABAYA
Authors: Ganda Hadi Wijaya  , Muhammad Muhyi  , Yoso Wiyarno
Published: July 2020

Peningkatan penguasan gerak karate untuk anak yang berlatih atau belajar sangat diperlukan, apalagi dalam suasana yang menyenangkan dan manarik sangat penting. Tujuan dari penelitian adalah ingin mengembangkan model pembelajaran Senam Karate Kids (SKK) untuk memudahkan siswa menguasai karate, yang terbagi menjadi tiga bagian yaitu: gerakan pemanasan, gerakan inti, dan gerakan pendinginan, yang dilakukan sebelum melakukan latihan karate agar mudah menguasainya. Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian pengembangan, subjek dalam penelitian ini adalah siswa kelas rendah SDI Atâ€™Taqwa Surabaya. Pengembangan produk model pembelajaran SKK mengikuti konsep Borg dan  Gall (1983)  yang meliputi sepuluh tahap yaitu: (1) Potensi dan masalah, (2) Pengumpulan data, (3) Desain Produk SKK, (4) Validasi desain oleh ahli teknologi pendidikan dan Validasi ahli oleh pelatih karate dan guru Pendidikan Jasmani Olahraga dan Kesehatan (PJOK), (5) Uji coba produk kelompok kecil (KK), (6) Revisi hasil ujicoba KK (7)  Uji coba produk kelompok sedang (KS), (8) Revisi hasil ujicoba KS, (9) Ujicoba kelompok besar (KB), (10) Diperoleh produk hasil pengembangan yakni model pembelajaran SKK siswa SD Atâ€™Taqwa. Teknik analisis data menggunakan deskriptif kuantitatif dalam bentuk persentase. Hasil penelitian menunjukan model pembelajaran SKK di dalamnya berisikan tentang pemanasan inti dan pendinginan yang memasukkan gerak dasar beladiri karate mulai kihon, kata dan kumite.  Hasil validasi  desain nilai kelayakan 3.61 kategori baik, validasi ahli nilai kelayakan 3.57 kategori baik, sehingga dapat dilanjutkan ke tahap berikutnya yakni  ujicoba kelompok kecil dengan persentase hasil ujicoba  7% baik, sedang 23%, kurang 22% dan kurang sekali 48%, kemudian dilakukan revisi, hasil kelompok sedang diperoleh hasil persentase hasil ujicoba 3% baik sekali,  11%baik, sedang 26%, kurang 42%, kurang sekali 18%,  kemudian di revisi sampai pada kelompok besar dengan hasil persentase ujicoba baik sekali 7%, baik 22%, sedang 43%, kurang 19%, sehingga hasil akhir model pembelajaran SKK dapat digunakan di SDI Atâ€™Taqwa Surabaya. Simpulan dari hasil penelitian adalah model pembelajaran SKK dapat digunakan untuk membantu siswa yang berlatih dalam praktik karate di SDI Atâ€™Taqwa dengan lebih mudah. Model Pembelajaran SKK dapat menjadi pilihan guru atau instruktur dalam melatih karate di SD lainnya.
PENERAPAN MODEL PEMBELAJARAN KOOPERATIF TIPE THINK PAIR SHARE (TPS) DALAM MENINGKATKAN HASIL BELAJAR SOSIOLOGI PADA SISWA KELAS XI IPS-B SMA NEGERI 1 MAGINTI
Authors: Juliati Juliati , Jamiludin H.
Published: July 2020

ABSTRAK: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk:  1) Meningkatkan aktivitas belajar sosiologi pada siswa kelas XI IPS-B SMA Negeri I Maginti melalui penerapan model pembelajaran Kooperatif Tipe Think Pair Share, 2) Meningkatkan efektivitas mengajar sosiologi pada guru kelas XI IPS-B SMA Negeri I Maginti melalui penerapan model pembelajaran kooperatif Tipe Think Pair Share, 3) Meningkatkan hasil belajar sosiologi pada siswa kelas XI IPS-B SMA Negeri I Maginti melalui penerapan model pembelajaran kooperatif tipe Think Pair Share. Subjek penelitian ini adalah guru dan seluruh siswa kelas XI IPS-B SMA Negeri I Maginti sebanyak 25 orang siswa.Data yang diperoleh dari penelitian ini adalah aktivitas yang  diperoleh dari lembar observasi dan hasil belajar siswa yang diukur melalui tes siklus. Analisis data yang dilakukan adalah statistik deskriptif. Dari hasil analisis data diproleh kesimpulan bahwa: 1) Aktivitas belajar siswa pada siklus I mencapai 71.42% yang termaksud belum mencapai indikator, pada siklus II meningkat menjadi 100%. 2) Efektivitas mengajar guru rata-rata pada siklus I mencapai 83% belum mencapai kinerja indikator yang telah ditetapkan, pada siklus II meningkat menjadi 91,67% telah mencapai indikator. 3) Hasil belajar sosiologi pada siklus I nilai rata-rata mencapai 75,24 sedangkan pada siklus II nilai rata-rata mencapai 82,28. Peningkatan hasil belajar pada siklus I mencapai 60% atau 15 orang dari 25 siswa yang tuntas secara klasikal dan 40% atau 10 orang yang tidak tuntas secara klasikal dan pada siklus II hasil belajar siswa mencapai 84% atau 21 orang dari 25 siswa yang tuntas secara klasikal dan 16% atau 4 orang yang tidak tuntas secara klasikal . Kata kunci: Aktivitas, Efektivitas, Hasil Belajar
PENINGKATAN HASIL BELAJAR SEJARAH MELALUI PENERAPAN MODEL PEMBELAJARAN TALKING STICK PADA SISWA KELAS XI IPS II SMAN 9 TANA TORAJA
Authors: Yoland Erostika , Anwar H.
Published: July 2020

ABSTRAK: Tujuan penelitian ini adalah 1) Untuk meningkatkan Efektifitas mengajar guru sejarah melalui penerapan model pembelajaran talking stick, 2) Untuk meningkatkan Aktivitas belajar siswa pada mata pelajaran sejarah melalui penerapan model pembelajaran talking stick, 3) Untuk meningkatkan Hasil  belajar siswa pada mata pelajaran sejarah melalui penerapan model pembelajaran talking stick kelas XI IPS II SMAN 9 Tana Toraja.             Hasil penelitian tindakan kelas menunjukkan bahwa 1) Penerapan model pembelajaran talking stick dalam keefektivan mengajar guru pada mata pelajaran sejarah kelas XI IPS II di SMAN 9 Tana Toraja. Pada siklus I keefektivan mengajar guru dikatakan belum berhasil karena dari 14 poin yang disiapkan, guru hanya mampu mencapi 10 poin dengan perolehan persentase sebanyak 71,42% denga persentase skor yang tidak terlaksana sebanyak 28,5%. Tindakan siklus II dinyatakan berhasil untuk meningkatkan keefektivan mengajar guru karena dari 14 poin yang yang disiapakan telah terlaksana secara keseluruhan dengan perolehan persentase 100%, 2) Penerapan model pembelajaran talking stick dalam aktivitas belajar siswa pada mata pelajaran sejarah kelas XI IPS II SMAN 9 Tana Toraja. Pada siklus I aktivitas belajar siswa belum mecapai indikator yang telah ditetapkan. Dari 12 poin yang disediakan pada lembar observasi guru hanya mampu melaksanakan 7 poin dengan persentase 58,33% sedangkan yang tidak terlaksana dengan persentase 41,66%. Aktivitas belajar siklus I dengan menggunakan model pembelajaran talking stick belum dikatakan berhasil karna semua poin yang disediakan pada lembar observasi belum terlaksana seluruhnya.  Pada siklus II tindakan dengan menggunakan model pembelajaran talking stick dikataka berhasil karena dari 12 poin yang disediakan telah terlaksana secara keseluruhan dengan perolehan skor 12 dan persentase 100%, 3) Melalui penerapan model pembelajaran talking stick dalam proses pembelajaran menunjukkan bahwa hasil belajar sejarah kelas XI IPS SMAN 9 Tana Toraja meningkat karena telah mencapai indikator kinerja yang ditetapkan. Namun Pada siklus I siswa hanya memperoleh persentase sebanyak 72%, hanya 18 dari 25 orang siswa yang dinyatakan tuntas dengan perolehan nilai KKM yang telah ditetapkan sekolah, dan 7 orang yang dinyatakan tidak tuntas dengan perolehan skor dibawah nial KKM dengan persentase 28%. Pada siklus II siswa yang dinyatakan tuntas sebanyak 24 dari 25 orang dengan perolehan persentase keberhasilan sebanyak 96% dan persentase ketidak berhasilan sebanyak 4% atau 1 orang siswa yang dinyatakan tidak tuntas. Kata kunci: Model Pembelajaran Talking Stick, Guru, Siswa, Hasil Belajar