bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Aberrant enhancer hypomethylation contributes to hepatic carcinogenesis through global transcriptional reprogramming
Authors: Xiong Lei , Wu Feng , Wu Qiong , Xu Liangliang , Cheung Otto K. , Kang Wei , Mok Myth T. , Szeto Lemuel L. M. , Lun Cheuk-Yin , Lung Raymond W. , Zhang Jinglin , Yu Ken H. , Lee Sau-Dan , Huang Guangcun , Wang Chiou-Miin , Liu Joseph , Yu Zhuo , Yu Dae-Yeul , Chou Jian-Liang , Huang Wan-Hong , Feng Bo , Cheung Yue-Sun , Lai Paul B. , Tan Patrick , Wong Nathalie , Chan Michael W. , Huang Tim H. , Yip Kevin Y. , Cheng Alfred S. , To Ka-Fai
Published: January 2019

Hepatocellular carcinomas (HCC) exhibit distinct promoter hypermethylation patterns, but the epigenetic regulation and function of transcriptional enhancers remain unclear. Here, our affinity- and bisulfite-based whole-genome sequencing analyses reveal global enhancer hypomethylation in human HCCs. Integrative epigenomic characterization further pinpoints a recurrent hypomethylated enhancer of CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein-beta (C/EBPβ) which correlates with C/EBPβ over-expression and poorer prognosis of patients. Demethylation of C/EBPβ enhancer reactivates a self-reinforcing enhancer-target loop via direct transcriptional up-regulation of enhancer RNA. Conversely, deletion of this enhancer via CRISPR/Cas9 reduces C/EBPβ expression and its genome-wide co-occupancy with BRD4 at H3K27ac-marked enhancers and super-enhancers, leading to drastic suppression of driver oncogenes and HCC tumorigenicity. Hepatitis B X protein transgenic mouse model of HCC recapitulates this paradigm, as C/ebpβ enhancer hypomethylation associates with oncogenic activation in early tumorigenesis. These results support a causal link between aberrant enhancer hypomethylation and C/EBPβ over-expression, thereby contributing to hepatocarcinogenesis through global transcriptional reprogramming.
Biological relevance of computationally predicted pathogenicity of noncoding variants
Authors: Liu Li , Sanderford Maxwell D. , Patel Ravi , Chandrashekar Pramod , Gibson Greg , Kumar Sudhir
Published: January 2019

Computational prediction of the phenotypic propensities of noncoding single nucleotide variants typically combines annotation of genomic, functional and evolutionary attributes into a single score. Here, we evaluate if the claimed excellent accuracies of these predictions translate into high rates of success in addressing questions important in biological research, such as fine mapping causal variants, distinguishing pathogenic allele(s) at a given position, and prioritizing variants for genetic risk assessment. A significant disconnect is found to exist between the statistical modelling and biological performance of predictive approaches. We discuss fundamental reasons underlying these deficiencies and suggest that future improvements of computational predictions need to address confounding of allelic, positional and regional effects as well as imbalance of the proportion of true positive variants in candidate lists.
Classifying optical microscope images of exfoliated graphene flakes by data-driven machine learning
Authors: Masubuchi Satoru , Machida Tomoki
Published: January 2019

Machine-learning techniques enable recognition of a wide range of images, complementing human intelligence. Since the advent of exfoliated graphene on SiO2/Si substrates, identification of graphene has relied on imaging by optical microscopy. Here, we develop a data-driven clustering analysis method to automatically identify the position, shape, and thickness of graphene flakes from optical microscope images of exfoliated graphene on an SiO2/Si substrate. Application of the extraction algorithm to optical images yielded optical and morphology feature values for the regions surrounded by the flake edges. The feature values formed discrete clusters in the optical feature space, which were derived from 1-, 2-, 3-, and 4-layer graphene. The cluster centers are detected by the unsupervised machine-learning algorithm, enabling highly accurate classification of monolayer, bilayer, and trilayer graphene. The analysis can be applied to a range of substrates with differing SiO2thicknesses.
An ultra-small few-layer MoS2-hierarchical porous carbon fiber composite obtained via nanocasting synthesis for sodium-ion battery anodes with excellent long-term cycling performance
Authors: Zeng Lingxing , Luo Fenqiang , Chen Xiaochuan , Xu Lihong , Xiong Peixun , Feng Xiaoshan , Luo Yongjing , Chen Qinghua , Wei Mingdeng , Qian Qingrong
Published: January 2019

The FM-HPCF composite was fabricated as a high-performance anode material for SIBs with excellent cycling stability.
Three polyoxometalates-based organic–inorganic hybrids decorated with Cu–terpyridine complexes exhibiting dual functional electro-catalytic behaviors
Authors: Zhou Wanli , Zheng Yanping , Yuan Gang , Peng Jun
Published: January 2019

Three new polyoxometalates-based organic–inorganic hybrids decorated with Cu–terpyridine complexes were prepared by using one-pot methods. Compounds 1–3 demonstrate discrepant dual functional electro-catalytic activities toward reduction of nitrite and oxidation of ascorbic acid.
Extrusion of apple pomace increases antioxidant activity uponin vitrodigestion
Authors: Liu Guo , Ying Danyang , Guo Baoyan , Cheng Li Jiang , May Bruce , Bird Tony , Sanguansri Luz , Cao Yong , Augustin MaryAnn
Published: January 2019

Apple pomace, a by-product of juice production, is a high-fibre, high-polyphenol functional food ingredient.
Coenzyme Q10 attenuates high-fat diet-induced non-alcoholic fatty liver disease through activation of the AMPK pathway
Authors: Chen Ke , Chen Xu , Xue Hongliang , Zhang Peiwen , Fang Wanjun , Chen Xuechen , Ling Wenhua
Published: January 2019

Coenzyme Q10 regulates lipid metabolism to ameliorate the progression of NAFLD by activating the AMPK pathway.
Hypouricemic and nephroprotective roles of anthocyanins in hyperuricemic mice
Authors: Qian Xiaoyun , Wang Xu , Luo Jing , Liu Yao , Pang Juan , Zhang Hanyue , Xu Zhongliang , Xie Jiewen , Jiang Xinwei , Ling Wenhua
Published: January 2019

Anthocyanins exerted a hypouricemic effect by inhibiting XOD activity and regulating renal urate transport.
Surface functionality analysis by Boehm titration of graphene nanoplatelets functionalizedviaa solvent-free cycloaddition reaction
Authors: Ren He , Cunha Eunice , Sun Quanji , Li Zheling , Kinloch Ian A. , Young Robert J. , Fan Zhaodong
Published: January 2019

Carboxylic acid-terminated pyrrolidine functionalities were covalently bonded to the surface of graphene nanoplateletsviaa solvent-free approach and characterized by Boehm titration.
A protein nanocontainer targeting epithelial cancers: rational engineering, biochemical characterization, drug loading and cell delivery
Authors: Ladurantie Caroline , Coustets Mathilde , Czaplicki Georges , Demange Pascal , Mazères Serge , Dauvillier Stéphanie , Teissié Justin , Rols Marie-Pierre , Milon Alain , Ecochard Vincent , Gross Grégori , Paquereau Laurent
Published: January 2019

An original protein nanocontainer for drug vectorization and imaging device open new exciting perspectives in nano-theranostic approaches.
Total synthesis of giffonin H by fluoride-catalyzed macrocyclization
Authors: Park Sooyoung , Kim Seok-Ho , Jeong Jin-Hyun , Shin Dongyun
Published: January 2019

First total synthesis of giffonin H, a highly strained 15-membered macrocyclic diaryl ether, has been achieved. Key steps include Ullmann cross coupling, (Z)-selective Julia–Kocienski olefination, and fluoride-mediated macrocyclization of TMS-alkyne and aldehyde. The strategy used for macrocyclization is an unprecedented and unique synthetic approach for cyclic diarylheptanoids.
Template-free hydrothermal synthesis of MgWO4 nanoplates and their application as photocatalysts
Authors: Meng Jie , Chen Tao , Wei Xiao , Li Jixue , Zhang Ze
Published: January 2019

As a semiconductor, MgWO4 has a potential in photocatalytic applications; however, it has been overlooked in previous studies; in this study, it has been demonstrated that MgWO4 exhibits the ability to drive photocatalytic hydrogen evolution.
Morphology controlling of 〈111〉-3C–SiC films by HMDS flow rate in LCVD
Authors: Xu Qingfang , Tu Rong , Sun Qingyun , Yang Meijun , Li Qizhong , Zhang Song , Zhang Lianmeng , Goto Takashi , Ohmori Hitoshi , Shi Ji , Li Haiwen , Kosinova Marina , Bikramjit Basu
Published: January 2019

Morphology of 〈111〉-oriented 3C–SiC films was transformed from mosaic to whisker to cauliflower-like with the increased flow rate (f) of hexametyldisilane (HMDS) in the process of laser chemical vapor deposition (LCVD).
Synergetic effect over flame-made manganese doped CuO–CeO2 nanocatalyst for enhanced CO oxidation performance
Authors: Zhao Feng , Li Shuangde , Wu Xiaofeng , Yue Renliang , Li Weiman , Chen Yunfa
Published: January 2019

The synergetic effect is promoted on Mn doped CuO–Ce O2 catalyst to induce less carbon intermediates to enhance CO oxidation performance.
Synthesis of high drug loading, reactive oxygen species and esterase dual-responsive polymeric micelles for drug delivery
Authors: Wang Nan , Chen Xiao-Chuan , Ding Ruo-Lin , Yang Xian-Ling , Li Jun , Yu Xiao-Qi , Li Kun , Wei Xi
Published: January 2019

A novel high drug loading, controlled-release drug delivery system was constructed with dual-stimulus responsive abilities in cells.
Novel ionic surface imprinting technology: design and application for selectively recognizing heavy metal ions
Authors: An Fu-Qiang , Li Hu-Fei , Guo Xu-Dong , Gao Bao-Jiao , Hu Tuo-Ping , Gao Jian-Feng
Published: January 2019

SIPs have good chemical stability and reusability. They could be reused without a significant reduction in adsorption capacity and selectivity coefficient.
Efficient remediation of crude oil-contaminated soil using a solvent/surfactant system
Authors: Wang Maoxin , Zhang Bo , Li Gongrang , Wu Tao , Sun Dejun
Published: January 2019

Water CAs and EDX analysis of (a) natural soil, (b) crude oil-contaminated soil, and (c) after-remediation soil.
Size dependent optical temperature sensing properties of Y2O3: Tb3+, Eu3+ nanophosphors
Authors: Peng Lixin , Meng Qingyu , Sun Wenjun
Published: January 2019

Using urea as a precipitation agent, Tb3+, Eu3+ co-doped Y2O3 nanophosphors were synthesized by a homogeneous precipitation method. The size dependence-optical temperature sensing properties of nanophosphors have been studied.
Seed-assisted synthesis of TS-1 crystals containing Al with high catalytic performances in cyclohexanone ammoximation
Authors: Xue Yan , Zuo Guangling , Wen Yiqiang , Wei Huijuan , Liu Meng , Wang Xiangyu , Li Baojun
Published: January 2019

Using aluminosilicate zeolites seeds, Al atoms are introduced into the TS-1 crystals, resulting in high Lbvalue and more acid sites, which improve the catalytic activity in cyclohexanone ammoximation.
I2-catalyzed intramolecular oxidative amination of C(sp3)–H bond: efficient access to 3-acylimidazo[1,2-a]pyridines under neat condition
Authors: Huang Lilan , Yin Wenqing , Wang Jian , Gan Chunfang , Huang Yanmin , Huang Chusheng , He Yimiao
Published: January 2019

An efficient and green protocol for the synthesis of 3-acylimidazo[1,2-a]pyridines utilizing I2 as a catalyst and H2O2 as an oxidant under neat condition or in water was developed.
B- and N-embedded color-tunable phosphorescent iridium complexes and B–N Lewis adducts with intriguing structural and optical changes
Authors: Li Qiuxia , Shi Chao , Huang Manli , Wei Xing , Yan Hong , Yang Chuluo , Yuan Aihua
Published: January 2019

B- and N-embedded color-tunable phosphorescent iridium complexes and B–N Lewis adducts with intriguing structural and optical changes.
Site-specific attraction dynamics of surface colloids driven by gradients of liquid crystalline distortions
Authors: Ohzono Takuya
Published: January 2019

Liquid-crystal-distortion-driven site-specific migration dynamics of nano-particles trapped at a nematic liquid crystal surface is studied.
Ni-foam supported Co(OH)F and Co–P nanoarrays for energy-efficient hydrogen production via urea electrolysis
Authors: Song Min , Zhang Zijin , Li Qingwei , Jin Wei , Wu Zexing , Fu Gengtao , Liu Xien
Published: January 2019

Ni-foam-supported Co(OH)F and Co–P nanoarrays were developed for energy-efficient hydrogen production with the assistance of urea electrolysis.
In situ extracted poly(acrylic acid) contributing to electrospun nanofiber separators with precisely tuned pore structures for ultra-stable lithium–sulfur batteries
Authors: Zhu Xiaobo , Ouyang Yue , Chen Jiawei , Zhu Xinguo , Luo Xiang , Lai Feili , Zhang Hui , Miao Yue-E , Liu Tianxi
Published: January 2019

A negatively charged polyacrylonitrile/poly(acrylic acid) composite nanofiber separator with precisely tuned pore structures was prepared by a simple electrospinning process combined with ethanol steaming treatment for Li–S batteries.
Interface engineering of palladium and zinc oxide nanorods with strong metal–support interactions for enhanced hydrogen production from base-free formaldehyde solution
Authors: Du Leilei , Qian Kaicheng , Zhu Xiaohui , Yan Xiaoqing , Kobayashi Hisayoshi , Liu Zhiqi , Lou Yupeng , Li Renhong
Published: January 2019

Catalytic hydrogen production from formaldehyde solution provides a promising strategy for future hydrogen-based energy systems, while almost all of the present catalytic reactions are carried out in highly alkaline medium.
Correction: Four Co(ii) coordination polymers based on 4,4′-(1H-1,2,4-triazol-1-yl)methylenebis(benzoic acid): syntheses, structural diversity, magnetic properties, dye adsorption and photocatalytic properties
Authors: Zong Zi-ao , Fan Chuan-bin , Zhang Xia , Meng Xiang-min , Jin Fan , Fan Yu-hua
Published: January 2019

Correction for ‘Four Co(ii) coordination polymers based on 4,4′-(1H-1,2,4-triazol-1-yl)methylenebis(benzoic acid): syntheses, structural diversity, magnetic properties, dye adsorption and photocatalytic properties’ by Zi-ao Zong et al., CrystEngComm, 2019, DOI: 10.1039/c8ce01203b.
Correction: Exploring new approaches towards the formability of mixed-ion perovskites by DFT and machine learning
Authors: Park Heesoo , Mall Raghvendra , Alharbi Fahhad H. , Sanvito Stefano , Tabet Nouar , Bensmail Halima , El-Mellouhi Fedwa
Published: January 2019

Correction for ‘Exploring new approaches towards the formability of mixed-ion perovskites by DFT and machine learning’ by Heesoo Park et al., Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys., 2019, DOI: 10.1039/c8cp06528d.
Correction: Copper immobilized at a covalent organic framework: an efficient and recyclable heterogeneous catalyst for the Chan–Lam coupling reaction of aryl boronic acids and amines
Authors: Han Yi , Zhang Mo , Zhang Ya-Qing , Zhang Zhan-Hui
Published: January 2019

Correction for ‘Copper immobilized at a covalent organic framework: an efficient and recyclable heterogeneous catalyst for the Chan–Lam coupling reaction of aryl boronic acids and amines’ by Yi Han et al., Green Chem., 2018, 20, 4891–4900.
Correction: Analysis on the energetics, magnetism and electronic properties in a 45° ZnO grain boundary doped with Gd
Authors: Sasikala Devi Assa Aravindh , Roqan Iman S.
Published: January 2019

Correction for ‘Analysis on the energetics, magnetism and electronic properties in a 45° ZnO grain boundary doped with Gd’ by Assa Aravindh Sasikala Devi et al., RSC Adv., 2018, 8, 13850–13856.
Correction: A new family of fullerene derivatives: fullerene–curcumin conjugates for biological and photovoltaic applications
Authors: Castro Edison , Cerón Maira R. , Garcia Andrea Hernandez , Kim Quentin , Etcheverry-Berríos Alvaro , Morel Mauricio J. , Díaz-Torres Raúl , Qian Wenjie , Martinez Zachary , Mendez Lois , Perez Frank , Santoyo Christy A. , Gimeno-Muñoz Raquel , Esper Ronda , Gutierrez Denisse A. , Varela-Ramirez Armando , Aguilera Renato J. , Llano Manuel , Soler Monica , Aliaga-Alcalde Núria , Echegoyen Luis
Published: January 2019

Correction for ‘A new family of fullerene derivatives: fullerene–curcumin conjugates for biological and photovoltaic applications’ by Edison Castro et al., RSC Adv., 2018, 8, 41692–41698.
Trained immunity and diabetic vascular disease
Authors: Thiem Kathrin , Stienstra Rinke , Riksen Niels P. , Keating Samuel T.
Published: January 2019

Trained immunity is a recently described phenomenon whereby innate immune cells undergo functional reprogramming in response to microbial products, vaccines, or other stimuli, leading them to mount a sensitized nonspecific response to subsequent stimulation. While it is essential for the host response to pathogens, many diseases are the product of excessive or chronic inflammation. Atherosclerosis is a disease characterized by chronic low-grade inflammation of the arterial wall leading to plaque formation, where macrophages are the most abundant cell regulating plaque progression and stability. Recent studies have revealed a role for endogenous compounds related to atherosclerosis in the induction of trained immunity, which can enhance the expression of genes implicated in atherosclerosis and associated cardiovascular disease. Accelerated atherosclerosis remains the principal cause of morbidity and premature mortality in patients with diabetes, and the burden of vascular complications is greatly enhanced by prior periods of inadequate control of blood glucose. Recent findings suggest that long-term changes in bone marrow myeloid progenitors, similar to those induced by microbial products or high cholesterol diets in mice, may help to explain the chronic inflammatory state driving atherosclerosis and cardiovascular risk that exists for patients with diabetes despite improved metabolic control. From an immunometabolic perspective, we speculate that changes supporting the trained macrophage phenotype, such as up-regulation of glycolysis, indicate that a high glucose environment could enhance the pro-inflammatory consequences of trained immunity thereby contributing to the accelerated progression of atherosclerosis in patients with diabetes.
Feasibility of Using a Smartphone-Based Hearing Aid Application to Improve Attitudes Toward Amplification and Hearing Impairment
Authors: Amlani Amyn M. , Smaldino Joseph , Hayes Donald , Taylor Brian , Gessling Erich
Published: January 2019

Objective

The objective of the study was to determine whether short-term experience (i.e., 4 weeks) with a smartphone-based hearing aid application (SHAA) might positively improve attitudes toward amplification uptake and hearing impairment.

Method

We recruited 15 experienced hearing aid wearers who had ceased wearing their devices for > 1 year (i.e., “In-the-Drawer” group) and 15 individuals with self-reported hearing difficulties who had yet to adopt hearing aids (i.e., “First-Time” group). We obtained participant attitudes pre- and post-SHAA using 3 surveys and analyzed perceptible changes in attitude for each survey. Comparative findings were then generalized to the health belief model in the context of perceived benefits (i.e., efficacy of an action to reduce risk) and reduced perceived barriers (i.e., tangible and psychological costs that inhibit compliance and adoption).

Results

A short trial period with an SHAA appears to modify the psychological perception toward amplification and reduce listener perception with respect to hearing difficulties in both groups.

Conclusion

A short trial period with an SHAA improved the perceived benefits and reduced the perceived barriers in the average First-Time listener, who often delays adoption of traditional amplification. The same trial period was also found to improve perceived benefits and reduce perceived barriers for the average In-the-Drawer listener, but to a lesser degree than their First-Time counterparts.
Vowel-Specific Intelligibility and Acoustic Patterns in Individuals With Dysarthria Secondary to Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis
Authors: Lee Jimin , Dickey Emily , Simmons Zachary
Published: January 2019

Purpose

The purpose of the study was to investigate vowel-specific intelligibility and acoustic patterns of individuals with different severities of dysarthria secondary to amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS).

Method

Twenty-three individuals with dysarthria secondary to ALS and 22 typically aging individuals participated as speakers. Participants with ALS were divided into 2 severity groups (severe, mild). For vowel-specific intelligibility data, 135 listeners participated in the study. Vowel-specific intelligibility, intrinsic vowel duration, 1st and 2nd formants (F1 and F2), vowel inherent spectral change (VISC), and absolute VISC were examined.

Results

A significant interaction between severity group and the vowel-specific intelligibility pattern as well as F1, F2 VISC, and absolute F2 VISC was observed. Specifically, individuals with severe dysarthria showed a significantly less intelligible /ɪ/ than /ɛ/, unlike individuals with mild dysarthria and typically aging individuals. In addition, vowel intelligibility of /ɪ/ showed the strongest association to the severity measures in individuals with ALS. A number of vowel-specific findings are reported in the acoustic variables. Acoustic correlates of vowel-specific intelligibility were identified.

Conclusion

Vowel-specific intelligibility patterns are different across severity groups; particularly, low intelligibility of /ɪ/ was noted in individuals with severe dysarthria. Individuals with dysarthria maintained the acoustic contrast in duration and F1 VISC among vowels but did not maintain the other spectral contrasts. Reduction of acoustic vowel space was observed primarily due to high F1 in high vowels in individuals with severe dysarthria. Regression findings suggest that the high F1 values of high and mid vowels and F2 reduction of high- and mid-front vowels decreased vowel-specific intelligibility. In addition, vowel duration influenced the vowel intelligibility of vowels that required short intrinsic vowel duration. Lastly, F2 VISC influenced the vowel intelligibility of /ɪ/. Overall, the vowel-specific intelligibility pattern is related to both vowel-specific characteristics and group-specific articulatory control dysfunction.
Micro‐slurry jet for surface processing of dental ceramics
Authors: Baba Takashi , Nakashima Yuta , Takahashi Shohei , Matsubara Tohru , Yin Ling , Nakanishi Yoshitaka
Published: January 2019

A micro‐slurry jet (MSJ) was used for removing microscopic cracks and microstructural defects on surfaces of dental ceramics, in which the MSJ functioned as a wet blasting machine using mixed alumina particles and water to spray workpiece surfaces by a compressed air. Plate specimens made from a composite resin ceramic (CERASMART 270) and a zirconia ceramic (KZR‐CAD Zr) were prepared using a dental computer‐aided manufacturing system. The results indicate that the MSJ processing has removed the microscopic cracks and defects on surfaces of the composite resin ceramic, and improved the material bending strength. In comparison, the MSJ processing created spraying patterns on zirconia surfaces due to the movement of the MSJ injection nozzle. The bending strength of the MSJ processed zirconia was slightly deteriorated because of the MSJ‐induced patterns which might have led to stress concentrations on the ceramic surfaces.
Levellings based on spatially adaptive scale spaces using local image features
Authors: Diop El Hadji S. , Angulo Jesùs
Published: January 2019

The authors propose here to overcome lacks of robustness against noise and adaptability to image features for which classical morphological operators suffer from. For doing this, they propose to deal with partial differential equations (PDEs) for generalised Cauchy problems, and they show that the proposed PDEs are equivalent to impose both robustness and adaptability to structuring functions of the corresponding sup‐inf operators. This allows them to introduce spatially adaptability in levellings, and it turns out that the proposed approach constitutes a PDE formulation and a generalisation of a larger class of levellings, the so‐called extended levellings, for which one of them are characterised by quasi‐flat zones. They show the efficiency of the proposed approach on synthetic, grey, and colour images with different types of noises.
Balanced gain for a square metaloop antenna
Authors: Nakano Hisamatsu , Yoshino Ittoku , Abe Tomoki , Yamauchi Junji
Published: January 2019

A square loop antenna implemented using a metamaterial line, referred to as a metaloop, is discussed. The metaloop radiates a counter circularly polarized (CP) broadside beam when the loop circumference equals one guided wavelength. The frequency response of the gain shows two different maximum values: gain G Lmax for a left-handed CP wave at frequency fGLmax and gain GRmax for a right-handed CP wave at frequency fGRmax, where GLmax is smaller than GRmax. In order to increase GLmax, while not affecting the original GRmax as much as possible (i.e. balance the gain), a parasitic natural conducting loop (paraloop), whose circumference is one free-space wavelength at fGLmax, is placed at height Hpara above the metaloop. It is found that the difference in the gains can be reduced by choosing an appropriate Hpara. The radiation pattern at fGLmax is narrowed by the paraloop, while the VSWR is not remarkably affected.
Automata with cyclic move operations for picture languages
Authors: Otto Friedrich , Mráz František
Published: January 2019

Here, we study the cyclic extensions of Sgraffito automata and of deterministic two-dimensional two-way ordered restarting automata for picture languages. Such a cyclically extended automaton can move in a single step from the last column (or row) of a picture to the first column (or row). For Sgraffito automata, we show that this cyclic extension does not increase the expressive power of the model, while for deterministic two-dimensional two-way restarting automata, the expressive power is strictly increased by allowing cyclic moves. In fact, for the latter automata, we take the number of allowed cyclic moves in any column or row as a parameter, and we show that already with a single cyclic move per column (or row) the deterministic two-dimensional extended two-way restarting automaton can be simulated. On the other hand, we show that two cyclic moves per column or row already give the same expressive power as any finite number of cyclic moves.
Alternative Schmerztherapien nach Tonsillektomie untersucht
und bewertet
Authors: Linxweiler Maximilian
Published: January 2019

Keefe KR et al. Treating pediatric post-tonsillectomy pain and nausea with
complementary and alternative medicine. Laryngoscope 2018 doi:
10.1002/lary.27231

Die Tonsillektomie ist ein sicheres Verfahren, wird allerdings durch
postoperative Schmerzen verkompliziert. Eine Schmerztherapie bei Kindern
wird kontrovers diskutiert. Eine geeignete Analgesie wird durch eine oft
geringe Adhärenz von Eltern und Kindern erschwert. Zur Schmerzvermeidung
wählen Eltern oft komplementäre und alternative Therapien. Amerikanische
Wissenschaftler untersuchten, ob diese Methoden helfen.
Endoscopic ultrasound-guided biopsy in chronic liver disease: a randomized comparison of 19-G FNA and 22-G FNB needles
Authors: Mok Shaffer , Diehl David , Johal Amitpal , Khara Harshit , Confer Bradley , Mudireddy Prashant , Kovach Alicia , Diehl Mia , Kirchner H. , Chen Zong-Ming
Published: January 2019

Background and study aims Endoscopic ultrasound-guided liver biopsy uses a 19-gauge (G) needle for parenchymal liver biopsies. We evaluated tissue yields with a 22G fine-needle biopsy (FNB) versus 19G FNA fine-needle aspirate (FNA) device.

Patients and methods Biopsies were obtained from 20 patients using the 19G FNA and 22G FNB randomizing each in a cross-over fashion with a blinded outcome assessor. Tissue adequacy for histologic evaluation was the primary outcome, or the proportion of specimens obtaining pathologic diagnosis (portal structures ≥ 5 or length of the longest piece ≥ 15 mm). Additional secondary outcomes included portal and centrilobular inflammation/fibrosis, length of the longest piece, aggregate specimen length, and small (< 5 mm), medium (5 – 8 mm) and large (> 8 mm) fragments. Results were compared in a per needle basis. Patients with cirrhosis were excluded.

Results Eighty biopsies (40 each 19G FNA and 22G FNB) were obtained. Tissue adequacy was greater for the 19G FNA (88 %) versus 22G FNB (68 %), (P = 0.03). There was no difference in total portal structures for the 19G FNA (7.4) and 22G FNB (6.1), (P = 0.28).

There was no difference in pre-processing outcomes. After processing, length of the longest piece was higher for the 19G FNA (9.1 mm) versus 22G FNB (6.6 mm), (P = 0.02). More total post-processing small fragments 29.9 versus 20.7, (P = 0.01) and fewer large fragments 1.0 versus 0.4 for the 22G FNB (P = 0.01) were detected.

Conclusions Tissue adequacy was higher for the 19G FNA versus 22G FNB needle. The 22G FNB needle produced samples more prone to fragmentation during specimen processing.
Die Rechtsfrage: Dürfen Angestellte eigene Visiten-karten auslegen?
Authors: Bossow Karsten
Published: January 2019

„Ich bin angestellte Therapeutin und habe mir eigene Visitenkarten erstellt, um diese in der Praxis auszulegen. Ist das rechtens?”

Physiotherapeutin aus Nordrhein-Westfalen
Sinnvolle Umleitung – Armergometertraining bei pAVK
Authors: Willems Erik , Weidmann Raphael
Published: January 2019

Mit Armbewegungen die Symptome einer pAVK in den Beinen mindern – auf den ersten Blick eine gewagte These. Doch weit gefehlt: Studien belegen, dass sich Gehstrecke und Lebensqualität durch Armergometertraining ebenso verbessern wie mit einem Goldstandardtraining auf dem Laufband oder dem Fahrradergometer.
Die Rechtsfrage: Dürfen Angestellte eigene Visitenkarten auslegen?
Authors: Bossow Karsten
Published: January 2019

„Ich bin angestellte Therapeutin und habe mir eigene Visitenkarten erstellt, um diese in der Praxis auszulegen. Ist das rechtens?”

Therapeutin aus Nordrhein-Westfalen
Soft Skills einschätzen – Assessment: Mini-ICF-APP
Authors: Muschalla Beate , Linden Michael , Baron Stefanie , Ostholt-Corsten Margarete
Published: January 2019

Das Mini-ICF-Rating für Aktivitäts- und Partizipationsbeeinträchtigungen erleichtert das Bewerten von psychischen Einschränkungen. Damit unterstützt es Befund, Verhaltensbeobachtung und Behandlungsplanung von Erwachsenen mit psychischen Erkrankungen. Wie das Instrument funktioniert, erklären die Entwickler des Assessments.
2 × 3 = 4 – Rechenfertigkeiten in der Vor- und Grundschule
Authors: Diehl Kerstin
Published: January 2019

Kindern mit Dyskalkulie fällt es schwer, mit schulischen Methoden rechnen zu lernen. Durch ihre Rechenschwäche brauchen sie besondere Unterstützung, wenn es darum geht, ein Verständnis für Mengen zu entwickeln. Erfahren Sie, wie Ergotherapeuten Kinder im Vor- und Grundschulalter beim Erlernen der grundlegenden Rechenfertigkeiten unterstützen können.
Bildgebende Diagnostik zur Therapieplanung bei Lip- und
Lymphödem
Authors: Zetzmann Katharina , Ludolph Ingo , Horch Raymund E , Boos Anja Miriam
Published: January 2019

Das Lipödem ist eine progrediente Erkrankung, die immer mehr Frauen betrifft und
zunehmend bewusster als Krankheit wahrgenommen wird. Sie ist gekennzeichnet
durch eine Umfangsvermehrung durch Fettgewebsvermehrung der Extremitäten und
kann im Verlauf zu Ödemen führen. Im Gegensatz dazu ist das Lymphödem durch eine
umschriebene Lymphabflussstörung definiert, die zur Bindegewebsfibrose des
umliegenden Gewebes führen kann. Während das Lipödem als klinische Diagnose
gesichert werden kann und eine bildgebende Diagnostik meist nur zum Ausschluss
von Begleiterkrankungen eingesetzt werden kann, gibt es bei einem Lymphödem die
Möglichkeit zur Darstellung einer Lymphabflussstörung durch bildgebende
Verfahren. Eine Ultraschalluntersuchung ist als Basisdiagnostik zur Darstellung
der eingelagerten interstitiellen Flüssigkeit sowohl beim Lip-, als auch
Lymphödem indiziert. Der Goldstandart zur Darstellung einer Lymphabflussstörung
ist die Lymphszintigrafie, die auch in Kombination mit einer Computertomografie
durchgeführt werden kann. Eine weitere dynamische Untersuchung ist die
Indocyaningrün(ICG)-Lymphografie, deren Durchführung immer mehr an Bedeutung
gewinnt, weil sie auch intraoperativ genutzt werden kann. Eine
Magnetresonanz(MR)-Lymphografie zur dreidimensionalen Darstellung eines
Lymphödems und einer Lymphabflussstörung kann eine sinnvolle Ergänzung zur
Therapie eines Lip- bzw. Lymphödems sein. Zur Therapie des Lip- und Lymphödems
sollte stets eine Kombination aus konservativen und operativen Maßnahmen
angestrebt werden. Während die Liposuktion und andere resezierende Verfahren
Möglichkeiten zur Beschwerdelinderung bei bestehendem Lipödem oder
fortgeschrittenem Lymphödem bieten, stellen die neuen rekonstruktiven Verfahren,
wie beispielsweise die Lymphknotentransplantation und die Schaffung von
lympho-venösen Anastomosen, vielversprechende, moderne Methoden zur Behandlung
eines Lymphödems dar. Durch die Schaffung neuer Lymphabflusswege können
Patienten mit einem Lymphödem auf eine langfristige Volumenreduktion der
betroffenen Extremität oder Körperstelle und der damit verbundenen
Symptomlinderung und Verbesserung der Lebensqualität hoffen.
Geladene Atmosphäre
Authors: Streckenbach Gerd
Published: January 2019

Elektrosmog im Innenraum setzt sich vor allem aus hochfrequenter Strahlung, elektrischen und magnetischen Wechselfeldern zusammen. Eine Dauerexposition mit Elektrosmog kann sich unter anderem in Schlafstörungen, Erschöpfung, Unruhe und chronischen Krankheiten zeigen. Durch einfache Maßnahmen wie Abschirmung, Netz-Freischalter und Datenübertragung per Kabel sinkt die Belastung durch elektrische Felder um ein Vielfaches.
Mehr Mut zur Psychotherapieforschung in der Praxis: Auf dem Weg zu einer evidenzbasierten Personalisierung
Authors: Clausen Sina , Lutz Wolfgang
Published: January 2019

Aus den Diskussionen der letzten Jahre zu den Psychotherapierichtlinien, der Reform der Psychotherapieaus- und -weiterbildung sowie zu evaluativen und qualitätssichernden Maßnahmen in der Praxis ergab sich bereits der positive Effekt einer stärkeren Beteiligung vieler Psychotherapeutinnen und Psychotherapeuten an praxisbezogenen Forschungs- und Evaluationsbemühungen 1. Das in Großbritannien im gesamten Gesundheitssystem eingesetzte Konzept des Improving Access to Psychological Therapies (IAPT) 2
3 als Orientierung nehmend haben z. B. die Hochschul- und Ausbildungsambulanzen für Psychotherapie eine gemeinsame Datenerhebungs- und Auswertungsplattform (KODAP) zur koordinierten Evaluation der Psychotherapie sowie zur Schaffung einer deutschlandweiten Forschungsdatenplattform für Klinische Psychologie und Psychotherapie initiiert (z. B. 4). Ähnliche Überlegungen zur Umsetzung und zum Einsatz zu routinemäßigen Erhebungen gibt es bei weiteren Psychotherapieverbänden (z. B. DGVT) und Organisationen (z. B. DKPM), wenn auch mit unterschiedlich intensiven Implementationsbemühungen 5
6
7.
Was wissen wir?
Authors: Krüger Lars , Rohden May-Britt
Published: January 2019

Seit über zwei Jahrzehnten wird die Pflegevisite in Deutschland diskutiert.
Verschiedenste Formen und Ziele werden mit dem Instrument verbunden. Im Rahmen
zweier Bachelor-arbeiten des Studiengangs Pflegewissenschaft war die
Pflegevisite das Hauptthema. Dabei wurde zwei Fragen nachgegangen: Wie ist der
Stand zum Instrument in der Literatur? Warum sollte auf der Intensivstation und
in der Anästhesie die Pflegevisite durchgeführt werden? Diese Fragestellungen
werden nachfolgend zusammenfassend beantwortet.
Ulcus vulvae acutum Lipschütz
Authors: Kuklin I. A , Grekova J. N. , Kokhan M. M. , Kungurov N. V. , Zilberberg N. V. , Toropova N. P. , Kuznetsova E. I. , Kuklina M. K.
Published: January 2019

Das Ulcus vulvae acutum Lipschütz ist eine selten vorkommende Erkrankung, die hauptsächlich bei jungen Mädchen auftritt und sich durch einzelne oder mehrere schmerzhafte Ulzerationen auf der Innenseite der Schamlippen manifestiert. Es wird die Kasuistik des Ulcus vulvae acutum Lipschütz bei einer 14-jährigen Patientin beschrieben, das fälschlich als Herpesvirus-Infektion diagnostiziert worden war.
Impact of endoscopy system, high definition, and virtual chromoendoscopy in daily routine colonoscopy: a randomized trial
Authors: Roelandt Philip , Demedts Ingrid , Willekens Hilde , Bessissow Talat , Braeye Lieve , Coremans Georges , Cuyle Pieter-Jan , Ferrante Marc , Gevers Anne-Marie , Hiele Martin , Osselaer Maggy , Tack Jan , Tejpar Sabine , Ulenaers Marijke , Van Assche Gert , Van Cutsem Eric , Van Gool Stijn , Vannoote Jaarke , Vermeire Severine , Bisschops Raf
Published: January 2019

Background To improve detection of mucosal lesions during colonoscopy a number of imaging modalities have been suggested, including high definition and virtual chromoendoscopy. Given the theoretical advantage of these new imaging techniques, we aimed to investigate their use for the detection of polyps in patients referred for colonoscopy in a large tertiary hospital.

Methods Demographic, endoscopic, and histological data from 1855 consecutive patients undergoing colonoscopy were collected prospectively. Patients were randomly assigned to three endoscopy systems (Fujinon, Olympus, or Pentax) in combination with four modalities: conventional white-light colonoscopy (n = 505), high definition white-light colonoscopy (n = 582), virtual chromoendoscopy (n = 285) and high definition virtual chromoendoscopy (n = 483).

Results The mean adenoma detection rate (ADR) was 34.9 %, and the adenoma per colonoscopy rate (APCR) was 2.1. No significant differences were noted between the three endoscopy systems. Moreover, no differences in ADR or APCR were observed between the four imaging modalities. High definition white-light colonoscopy resulted in a significantly higher detection of sessile serrated adenomas (8.2 % vs. 3.8 %; P < 0.01) and adenocarcinomas (2.6 % vs. 0.5 %; P < 0.05) compared with the conventional procedure.

Conclusions No significant differences in ADR or APCR between different endoscopy systems, high definition, and/or virtual chromoendoscopy could be observed in routine colonoscopies in the general population. High definition endoscopy was associated with a significantly higher detection rate of serrated adenomas and adenocarcinomas.
Homöopathie und intellektuelle Redlichkeit – Eine Stellungnahme
Authors: Matthiessen Peter
Published: January 2019

Angesichts fehlender Plausibilität zu den Wirkprinzipien der Homöopathie ist es Mode geworden, deren therapeutische Wirksamkeit in Abrede zu stellen, obwohl die hierzu publizierte Evidenz für eine Wirksamkeit spricht. Dennoch werden als Ausdruck von Ignoranz oder einer bewussten Stimmungsmache gegen die Homöopathie wissenschaftliche Fehlinformationen lanciert. Die vorliegende Publikation zeigt an drei ausgewählten Beispielen aus jüngster Zeit unter Berücksichtigung der tatsächlichen Beleglage die fehlende Seriosität dieser Aktivitäten auf.

Im Namen des Dialogforum Pluralismus in der Medizin (DPM) und weiterer etablierter und repräsentativer Ärzteorganisationen wird das Erfordernis einer evidenzbasierten Integrativen Medizin sowie seine zunehmende Bedeutung an führenden medizinischen Fakultäten in den USA ebenso wie in Deutschland dargelegt. Es wird aufgezeigt, dass eine vollorchestrierte Gesundheitsversorgung, die den individuell unterschiedlichen Bedürfnissen und Präferenzen der Bevölkerung zu entsprechen sucht, eine Integrative Medizin als ein zwar kritisches, aber unvoreingenommenes Kooperationsgefüge zwischen Mainstreammedizin und ausgewählten komplementärmedizinischen Ansätzen zu seiner Grundlage bedarf.

In diesem Zusammenhang wird auf einen von allen Mitgliedern des Dialogforums verfassten Grundsatzartikel zur Professionalität verwiesen, demzufolge sowohl für die konventionelle Medizin als auch für die Komplementärmedizin gleichermaßen eine Verpflichtung zur Wissenschaftlichkeit besteht. Bereits Ludwig Fleck und Thomas Kuhn haben aufgezeigt, dass die Anhänger eines bestimmten Paradigmas bestrebt sind, das je eigene Paradigma durch den Staat zu privilegieren. Der vorliegende Artikel verweist jedoch darauf, dass dem Staat nach §5 Abs. 3 des Grundgesetzes ein Wissenschaftsrichtertum im Sinne der Parteiergreifung für ein bestimmtes Paradigma grundsätzlich untersagt ist. Darüber hinaus wird darauf verwiesen, dass die Monopolisierung eines einzigen Paradigmas mit der Ausbildung totalitärer Denkstrukturen einhergeht. In einem abschließenden Votum verwahren sich die Unterzeichner, die neben etablierten Ärzteorganisationen aus einer Vielzahl ausgewiesener Ärzte und Wissenschaftler bestehen, gegen die Verfolgung totalitärer, mit dem Grundgesetz kollidierenden Denkfiguren in unserem Gesundheitswesen.
Primäres Liposarkom der Orbita
Authors: Guchlerner Marina , Pitz Susanne
Published: January 2019

Ein 30-jähriger Patient stellte sich mit einer Subluxatio bulbi des linken Auges vor. Anamnestisch hatte eine langsam progrediente Protrusio seit mindestens 2 Jahren bestanden. Ein Jahr zuvor wurde ein retrobulbärer Tumor im MRT dokumentiert und biopsiert. Der histopathologische Befund ergab ein spindelzelliges Lipom. Der aktuelle Befund (Subluxatio) sei innerhalb von 2 Wochen aufgetreten. Es erfolgte eine erneute Tumorbiopsie mit Verkleinerung der Tumormasse; zusätzliche immunhistochemische Untersuchungen ergaben nun die Diagnose eines primären hochdifferenzierten Liposarkoms der Orbita. Es wurde eine Exenteratio mit adjuvanter Bestrahlung der Orbita durchgeführt. Eine humangenetische Untersuchung zeigte eine heterozygote Mutation im ATM-Gen auf Chromosom 11.
Wo alles begann: Prä-, peri- und postnatale Traumata
erkennen, verstehen und behandeln
Authors: Wallbruch Gisela
Published: January 2019

Frühe Traumata können sich bereits vor der Geburt bis ins Kleinkindalter hinein
ereignen. Sie haben tiefgreifenden Einfluss auf die Gehirn-, Bindungs- und
Persönlichkeitsentwicklung. Zu den häufigsten Spätfolgen zählen Schock,
chronifizierte Posttraumatische Belastungsstörungen (PTBS), Dissoziation, Sucht
sowie traumakompensatorische Tendenzen zur Wiederholung oder Vermeidung. Eine
empathische, fachkundige und bindungsbetonte Therapie beziehungsweise Begleitung
kann frühe Traumata zugänglich machen und selbstzerstörerische Muster zunehmend
auflösen.
Funktionsbasierte Beurteilung der Belastbarkeit nach
Wirbelsäulenverletzungen – Entscheidungshilfe für die Rückkehr zur körperlichen
Aktivität
Authors: Keller Matthias , Supp Georg , Steinhoff Bernd , Schoch Wolfgang , Kurz Eduard
Published: January 2019

Bei einem jungen Fußballspieler mit Pedikelfraktur des 5. Lendenwirbelkörpers
wurde der Verlauf der Rehabilitation mithilfe eines funktionsbasierten Return to
Activity Algorithmus evaluiert und der Trainingsplan wöchentlich angepasst, um
auf die nächsten Belastungsstufen vorzubereiten. 18 Wochen nach dem Trauma
konnte der Patient so wieder mit einem fußballspezifischen Training beginnen und
stufenweise ins Mannschaftstraining einsteigen. Nach 21 Wochen bestritt er sein
erstes Pflichtspiel und blieb auch in der Folge verletzungsfrei.
Prenatal Diagnosis and Postnatal Outcome of Fetuses with Pulmonary Atresia and Ventricular Septal Defect
Authors: Gottschalk Ingo , Strizek Brigitte , Jehle Christel , Stressig Rüdiger , Herberg Ulrike , Breuer Johannes , Brockmeier Konrad , Hellmund Astrid , Geipel Annegret , Gembruch Ulrich , Berg Christoph
Published: January 2019

Purpose To assess the intrauterine course, associated conditions and postnatal outcome of fetuses with pulmonary atresia with ventricular septal defect (PAVSD).

Methods All cases of PAVSD diagnosed prenatally over a period of 10 years with a minimum follow-up of 6.5 years were retrospectively collected in 3 tertiary referral centers.

Results 50 cases of PAVSD were diagnosed prenatally. 44.0 % of fetuses had isolated PAVSD, 4.0 % had associated cardiac anomalies, 10.0 % had extra-cardiac anomalies, 38.0 % had chromosomal anomalies, 4.0 % had non-chromosomal syndromes. Among the 32 liveborn children, 56.3 % had reverse flow in the patent arterial duct, 25.0 % had major aortopulmonary collateral arteries (MAPCAs) with ductal agenesis and 18.7 % had a double supply. 17 pregnancies were terminated (34.0 %), there was 1 intrauterine fetal death (2.0 %), 1 neonatal death (2.0 %), and 6 deaths (12.0 %) in infancy. 25 of 30 (83.3 %) liveborn children with an intention to treat were alive at the latest follow-up. The mean follow-up among survivors was 10.0 years (range 6.5–15.1). 56.0 % of infants underwent staged repair, 44.0 % had one-stage complete repair. After exclusion of infants with additional chromosomal or syndromal anomalies, 88.9 % were healthy, and 11.1 % had mild limitations. The presence of MAPCAs did not differ significantly between survivors and non-survivors (p = 0.360), between one-stage or staged repair (p = 0.656) and healthy and impaired infants (p = 0.319).

Conclusion The prognosis in cases without chromosomal or syndromal anomalies is good. MAPCAs did not influence prognosis or postoperative health. The incidence of repeat interventions due to recurrent stenoses is significantly higher after staged compared with single-stage repair.
Therapieoptionen bei adenoidzystischem Tränendrüsenkarzinom – Fallserie und aktueller Literaturüberblick
Authors: Mihailovic Natasa , Elges Sandra , Glitz Barbara , Merté Ralph-Laurent , Alnawaiseh Maged , Buerke Boris , Allkemper Thomas , Eter Nicole , Grenzebach Ulrike
Published: January 2019

Das adenoidzystische Karzinom der Tränendrüse (ACC) stellt einen seltenen malignen orbitalen Tumor mit insgesamt schlechter Prognose dar. Derzeitige Therapieansätze mit radikaler und lokaler Chirurgie, adjuvanter Bestrahlung und neoadjuvanter intraarterieller Chemotherapie werden kontrovers diskutiert. Wir präsentieren 3 Fälle von Patienten mit ACC mit unterschiedlichen Therapiekonzepten und diskutieren diese mit aktuellen Empfehlungen aus der Literatur.
Tuberculosis in Pregnancy – a Summary
Authors: Wolf Benjamin , Krasselt Marco , de Fallois Jonathan , von Braun Amrei , Stepan Holger
Published: January 2019

In recent years, the incidence of tuberculosis in pregnancy in the industrialised countries has increased. Tuberculosis in pregnancy is associated with an increased risk for the mother and child. Even if no figures are available for Germany, an increase in the number of tuberculosis cases among pregnant women can be assumed due to the migratory flows; current data from the USA, for example, also show an increasing incidence of tuberculosis in pregnant women in recent years. The physiological and immunological changes that occur during pregnancy are likely to have a negative impact on the course of the disease and may make it more difficult to confirm the diagnosis. There are no internationally standardised recommendations for diagnosing latent tuberculosis infections. When screening for TB is performed in specific risk populations, an Interferon-γ Release Assay (IGRA) should preferably be carried out according to the current study data. If corresponding symptoms are present and an IGRA test is positive, further diagnostics are indicated, also in pregnancy. If tuberculosis is confirmed, the fact that a woman is pregnant must not delay the initiation of anti-tuberculosis therapy, as an early start of therapy is associated with a more favourable outcome for both mother and child. The common first-line therapeutic drugs may also be used during pregnancy and are considered safe. The treatment of latent tuberculosis during pregnancy is disputed.