bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Genome-wide association study of depression symptoms using online self-questionnaires in the Russian population cohort: preliminary results
Authors: Kibitov A. , Rakitko A. , Kasyanov E. , Yermakovich D. , Kibitov A. , Rukavishnikov G. , Ilinsky V. , Golimbet V. , Shmukler A. , Neznanov N. , Mazo G.
Published: September 2022

Introduction

Depression is a chronic, recurrent mental disorder with a moderate level of genetic impact. Modern GWAS of depression require extra-large sample sizes and new effective, clinically sensitive, objective and simple to fill online phenotyping tools for population studies are necessary today.

Objectives

Aim: to test online phenotyping tools based on clinical and psychometric instruments to evaluate depressive symptoms in population cohort for using in GWAS

Methods

Participants: 2610 Russian-speaking respondents- clients of Genotek Ltd., provider of genetic testing services in Russian Federation. The online survey included HADS-D (Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale - depression subscale), original questionnaire adapted for self-report from major depression DSM-5 criteria, questions about sex and age. Three research phenotypes were defined: quantitative “HADS-D score” and two categorical “HADS-D depression” (cut-off 8 points) - 20.63 %, “DSM depression” 16.73 %. DNA samples obtained from saliva were genotyped on Illumina Infinium GSA v1.0/v2.0/v3.0 microarrays. GWAS analysis was performed independently for each of the research phenotypes.

Results

None of the signals reached genome-wide significance (p value 10-8), but some signals with subthreshold significance were identified including four signals in the genes encoding proteins: “DSM_Depression”: rs2131596 in GRIP1 (p=3.682e-06,β=0.6965), rs11158021 in SAMD4A (p=2.841e-06, β=0.6762), “HADS-D Depression”: rs2425793 in CDH22 (p=4.408e-07, β=1.539), rs36006890 in PDIA6 (p = 6.529e-07, β=1.549).

Conclusions

Preliminary results of the first GWAS of depression symptoms in the Russian population are acceptable and confirm the accuracy of the research strategy using online phenotyping tools based on clinical and psychometric instruments and provide basis for further studies.

Disclosure

The study was supported by Russian Science Foundation Grant # 20-15-00132
Clinical evaluation of Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) and Borderline Personality Disorder(BPD) in youth adolescents
Authors: Kaleda V. , Krylova E. , Kuleshov A. , Beburishvili A.
Published: September 2022

Introduction

According to international studies, at least 70% of BPD in adolescence are comorbid with MDD.

Objectives

To determine the clinical and psychopathological markers of MDD in BPD in adolescence.

Methods

Clinical psychopathological interview, SCID-II, Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HDRS). Sample: N=73 male and female, age: 18-25 with MDD and BPD.

Results

MDD comorbid with BPD in adolescence is characterized by polymorphism of its’ psychopathological manifestations due to the structure of BPD and the input of the age factor. In the studied sample 31 (42,5%) with both MDD and BPD also revealed addictions; 24 patients (32,9%) - anxiety and obsessive-compulsive (OCD) disorders, 18 patients (24,7%) had overvalued ideas. The high contingency of MDD with autoaggressive actions confirmed their high suicidal risk (53 patients). Among them - 31 patients (58,5%) - had non-suicidal self-harm (NSSI), 7 patients – (13,2%) had suicidal attempt (SA), and 15 patients (28,3%) had NSSI and suicidal attempts (NSSI+SA). The highest incidence of NSSI and NSSI+SA was noted in MDD with addictive disorders: NSSI – N=20 (80,00%), NSSI+SA - N=5 (20,00%), SA – N=0. MDD with BPD and anxiety disorders: NSSI – N=9 (56,25%), NSSI+SA – N= 6 (37,50%), SA–N=1 (6,25%). MDD with BPD and overvalued ideas: NSSI – N=2 (16,67%), NSSI +SA – N= 4 (33,33%), SA N=6 (50,0%), (results p<0.01).

Conclusions

Psychopathological relations between BPD and MDD in youth are different due to additional comorbid conditions, like addictions, anxiety and OCD, overvalued ideas and have clinical implications in terms of suicidal and NSSI risks, individualized interventions and prognosis.

Disclosure

No significant relationships.
Comparative analysis of plasma metabolomics markers in patients with major depressive disorder and healthy controls
Authors: Homorogan C. , Nitusca D. , Enatescu V. , Moraru C. , Socaciu C. , Marian C.
Published: September 2022

Introduction

Mood disorders, including depression, are diseases associated with an increased risk of several metabolic alterations. Metabolomics studies have proved their potential for detecting novel biomarkers of psychiatric diseases.

Objectives

To analyze the plasma metabolite profiling of patients with major depressive disorder (MDD) compared to healthy controls.

Methods

The blood samples were collected from 11 patients diagnosed with MDD and 11 healthy controls, and plasma was separated by centrifugation. The profiles of the metabolites in the plasma samples were determined by Ultra-High Performance Liquid Chromatography-Quadrupole Time of Flight Electrospray Mass Spectrometry (UHPLC-QTOF-MS) in positive mode. The chromatograms were processed by Compass DataAnalysis 4.2 using the Find Molecular Feature (FMF) method and Profile Analysis 2.1 (Bruker, Daltonics) was further used for matrix generation. The MetaboAnalyst online software was used for univariate and multivariate analysis. The mass/charge ratio (m/z values) determined by biostatistics were identified from the Lipidomic Gateway (www.lipidmaps.org) and Human Metabolomic Data Base (www.hmdb.ca).

Results

We found 14 metabolites which could discriminate between cases and controls, having an area under the curve (AUC) in the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis of higher than 0.6. Among these, only two metabolites passed the p<0.05 threshold of statistical significance, one being 2.5 more abundant (p<0.001) in the plasma of MDD patients compared to controls and the other being 1.7 more abundant (p=0.005) in MDD patients compared to controls.

Conclusions

The only metabolite that passed the false discovery rate correction was putatively identified from the metabolomics database as being the phosphatidylcholine PC (16:0/16:0).

Disclosure

No significant relationships.
Antidepressant treatment in premenstrual dysphoric disorder, case report
Authors: Garcia Moreno M. , De Cos Milas A. , Beatobe Carreño L. , Poza Cano M.B. , Izquierdo De La Puente A. , Del Sol Calderón P.
Published: September 2022

Introduction

Premenstrual dysphoric disorder (PMDD) is included for the first time in the last edition of DSM within affective disorders. It is necessary that 5 of a list of 11 symptoms (lability, irritability, depressed mood, anxiety, lethargy, being out of control or physical symptoms among others) appear in the majority of menstrual cycles but must be only present during the week before menstruation improving after its onset. It has a prevalence of 1,8-5,8% and it is associated to significant functional impairment. SSRIs are indicated as first-line treatment in severe symptoms.

Objectives

To review about premenstrual dysphoric disorder and its psychopharmacological treatment.

Methods

We carry out a literature review about premenstrual dysphoric disorder, accompanied by a clinical description of one patient treated with sertraline.

Results

44 years old female referred to our outpatient mental health service due to anxious and depressive symptoms. She had presented abdominal pain, anxiety, obsessive thoughts, sadness, emotional lability, apahty, anergy, uncontrolled impulse, irritability and vociferous attitude with verbal agressiveness only the week before menstruation during several years. These symptoms interfered negatively in her relationships. We started sertraline treatment with ad integrum clinical recovery after two menstrual cycles. 6 months later we indicated to take sertraline only the week before menstruation, maintaining stability.

Conclusions

1) It is important to consider premenstrual dysphoric disorder as a possible diagnosis in women with premenstrual discomfort symptoms. 2) It might be consider as a depressive disorder. 3) Antidepressant treatment should be considered in women with disabling symptoms.

Disclosure

No significant relationships.
Prevalence and direct health cost of mental diseases in Hungary - analysis of the National Health Insurance Fund’s data
Authors: Dr. Fadgyas-Freyler P.
Published: September 2022

Introduction

According to international publications the burden of mental diseases is considered to be significant and rising.

Objectives

Scope of analysis is to present 1) patient numbers and 2) direct mental health costs from the database of the National Health Insurance Fund Hungary for patients with F00-F99 ICD code between 2015-2019.

Methods

An Oracle database was created with direct mental care costs for each patient in a given year with a three-digit ICD code and type of care (primary, specialist, prescribing) and handled via sql queries. Data on capacity and performance came from the NHIF and NSO website for 2008-2019 and were handled via Microsoft Excel.

Results

Mental problems affected 3 million people (more than 30% of the population) in a five year period, though patient numbers are continuously declining. Almost half of the patients only visit a general practitioner and don’t get a prescription. There is also a drop in proportional mental spending which has fallen from 5,03% to 4,02%. This tendency is accordance with international findings. There is a dramatic fall of inpatient cases and a growing number of outpatient interventions, though we see a move from individual therapy sessions to group interventions and a decline in specialist psychotherapy sessions. We can see a shift towards more young patients both in inpatient and outpatient setting.

Conclusions

The analysis raises the question whether declining patient numbers and shrinking proportional spending are due to smaller provider capacities and unmet need or a mentally healthier population.

Disclosure

No significant relationships.
Clinical Factors Associated with Violence Behavior in Persons with Schizophrenia Spectrum Disorders: A Case Control Study
Authors: Zavradashvili N. , Toidze O.
Published: September 2022

Introduction

Study of clinical risk factors of violent behavior in persons with schizophrenia still remains actual in research literature. This is especially important for Georgia as ongoing mental health reform aims to shift from institutional care to community based services, which in turn requires better understanmding and management of risk of aggressive behavior in the community.

Objectives

To study clinical risk factors for violence in persons with schizophrenia spectrum disorders (SSD) who have committed a violent act in the past and in persons with SSD who have not committed a violent act.

Methods

The survey design was retrospective case-control study. Case-control groups were defined according to the outcome (violent act in the past). We studied the impact of clinical symptoms on each person using standardized scales for assessment of the positive and negative symptoms and global level of functioning. Data were collected through patient interviews and medical records.

Results

Study results showed that diagnosis of delusional disorder and ideas of persecution were associated with increased risk of violence (28.7% cases versus 7.5% controls); Hallucinations if presented were less severe compared with controls (2.1% vs. 7.5%). Negative symptoms were marked in cases but more severe in controls. Of cases 43,6% showed serious impairment of global functioning (vs 25,5% controls).

Conclusions

Study findings confirmed that a focus on improving controllable clinical factors, including global level of functioning, might help to prevent aggressive behavior. It is discussed that developments and implementation needs-specific services to reduce risk of violence behavior should be prioritized by mental health national strategy plan.

Disclosure

No significant relationships.
Experiences and attitudes of mental health care staff to the reporting of violence in the workplace in the Republic of Ireland
Authors: Fegan J. , Walsh E.
Published: September 2022

Introduction

The WHO and the Violence Prevention Alliance define violence as “the intentional use of physical force or power, threatened or actual, against oneself, another person, or against a group or community, that either results in or has a high likelihood of resulting in injury, death, psychological harm, maldevelopment, or deprivation.” The types of violence examined in this study include physical, sexual, verbal and racial as the most commonly reported manifestations of violence in the workplace.

Objectives

To obtain the most recent statistics on violent acts perpetrated against mental health care workers in the Republic of Ireland. To capture the experiences and attitudes of staff to the reporting of this violence.

Methods

The State Claims Agency (SCA) were contacted to obtain the most up to date figures on violence against mental health care workers. An electronic survey based on the WHO’s validated questionnaire on violence was then disseminated to all acute psychiatric units nationally.

Results

There were 6,690 episodes of violence against staff in the Mental Health Division in 2018 and 2019. The survey found, 92.4% of respondents reported verbal abuse, 30.3% recorded physical assault, 15.2% had suffered sexual violence in a 24 month period. 20.3% of study participants took no action. Of those who did, 70% felt that the incident had not been investigated properly. More than half of respondents felt that there were no consequences to the aggressor.

Conclusions

Further work is needed in the prevention of workplace violence as well as improvements in reporting and investigating of incidents when they do occur.

Disclosure

No significant relationships.
Evaluation of the Relationship Between Suicide Behavior and SIRT-1 Gene in Patients with Schizophrenia and Other Psychotic Disorders
Authors: Uçak E. , Aydin M. , Koçak N. , Altınbaş K.
Published: September 2022

Introduction

Schizophrenia is a mental disorder with a high risk of suicide, which is one of the leading causes of early death in schizophrenia patients.

Objectives

It was aimed to examine the relationship between the SIRT1 gene and suicidal behavior in patients with schizophrenia, to identify specific polymorphisms and to provide individual protective approaches by predicting suicidal behavior.

Methods

100 patients with schizophrenia were included in our study. The SIRT1 gene was analyzed using the whole exome sequencing method, and 22 SNPs were identified. In addition, participants’ socio-demographic, psychiatric history, and suicidal behavior evaluation form data were recorded. A comparison was made between the two groups according to suicidal behavior.

Results

When sociodemographic and psychiatric history of the participants were compared in terms of suicidal behavior, no significant difference was found. SIRT1 gene SNP; rs2236318; (TT genotype), rs10997870 (GG genotype) was associated about 4 times increased risk in suicidal behavior; rs41299232 (CC genotype) 3.7 times; rs7896005 (AA genotype) with 3.4 times also. Although rs201230502 (TC genotype) and rs36107781 (TC genotype) were more common in the group with suicidal behavior, they lost their significance in regression analysis due to the low number of cases.

Conclusions

Our study showed that schizophrenia has many risks that increase suicidal behavior , but clinical and sociodemographic data are insufficient to predict suicidal behavior. Considering the inheritability of the disease and the effect of genetics on behavior, SIRT1 gene SNP; (rs2236318, rs10997870, rs41299232, rs7896005, rs201230502 and rs36107781) genotypes were found to be associated with suicidal behavior in schizophrenia patients.

Disclosure

No significant relationships.
Endocrine biomarkers related to sleep-wake cycle and sleep disturbances in patients with bipolar disorder: A systematic review
Authors: Gonzalez-Blanco L. , Moya Lacasa C. , Jiménez-Fernández S. , Valtueña M. , Martinez-Cao C. , García Fernández A. , Saiz P.A. , Garcia-Portilla M.P. , Bobes J. , Gutierrez Rojas L.
Published: September 2022

Introduction

Sleep and circadian disturbances have been widely studied in patients with bipolar disorder (BD) (Duarte Faria et al., 2015; Gonzalez, 2014). However, there is no clear evidence about the role of peripheral biomarkers of circadian cycle in this population.

Objectives

This systematic review aims to identify potential endocrine biomarkers of circadian rhythm in blood and study their relationship with sleep problems in BD.

Methods

An electronic search of Pubmed and PsycoInfo databases were performed. It includes articles about the topic from 1991 to 2021. The search strategy was: (“Peripheral biomarkers” OR “biological markers” OR biomarker OR cortisol OR melatonin OR orexin OR hypocretin) AND (blood OR serum OR plasma) AND (“sleep-wake” OR “circadian rhythm” OR sleep OR insomnia) AND “bipolar”.

Results

92 records were obtained after excluding duplicates. Only five studies met the inclusion criteria (n = 499; BD = 125; unipolar depression = 148; schizophrenia = 80; controls = 146). The endocrine parameters analyzed were: cortisol (3 studies), melatonin (1 study) and orexin-A (1 study). Overall, no significant associations between these biomarkers and sleep disturbances, assessed with subjective (psychometric evaluation) and/or objective (polysomnography) measures, were detected.

Conclusions

This systematic review highlights the lack of studies that explores the role of endocrine biomarkers related to circadian function in the pathophysiology of sleep disturbances in BD.

Disclosure

No significant relationships.
Effect of risperidone on the cravings of patients with methamphetamine use disorder
Authors: Hassan N. , Nazir S. , Sharif U.
Published: September 2022

Introduction

Methamphetamine associated psychosis has increased globally because of the increased usage of the substance. The use of risperidone is noted to reduce the cravings of methamphetamine in patients who have methamphetamine use disorder. This becomes relevant because the number of patients who are being treated with MAP tends to have high relapse rates. MAP is being treated with different antipsychotics and the treatment protocol is made usually for alleviating the symptoms, a formal treatment regimen for patients with MAP is yet to be developed (Chiang et al 2018; Srisurapanont 2021; Edwards and Mooney 2014)

Objectives

The purpose of this review is to highlight the use of risperidone in reducing the cravings of methamphetamine in patients who have methamphetamine use disorder

Methods

PubMed, SCOPUS and Web of Science literature databases were screened and filtered.With established Inclusion and exclusion criteria, obtained a total of 15578 hits which was refined to 133articles. A total of 10papers were reviewed in detail

Results

Multiple clinical trials have shown that risperidone was effective in lowering drug cravings in methamphetamine use disorder. Along with the effects on craving, risperidone has also been studied for its effect on positive symptoms in patients with MAP (Samei 2016). Risperidone was noted to be effective in reducing positive symptoms.

Conclusions

Risperidone can be effectively used in the acute setting for psychosis and future cravings in the patients. Considering the limited clinical trials and research on risperidone and the cravings of methamphetamine use disorder, studies are needed with longer follow-ups and more samples in the future.

Disclosure

No significant relationships.
Psychoactive substance use among medical residents in Tunisia
Authors: Masmoudi R. , Chaari I. , Mejdoub Y. , Sallemi R. , Feki I. , Masmoudi J.
Published: September 2022

Introduction

Recent studies in the word found an increase of substance use among medical students.

Objectives

To determine the prevalence of substance use and associated factors among medical residents in Tunisia.

Methods

It was a descriptive and analytical cross-sectional study among medical residents from the 4 medical faculties of Tunisia. A questionnaire was created from Google Forms and was published on the social network Facebook. We asked about the current consumption of different psychoactive substances. We used the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9) to identify depressive symptoms.

Results

The sample included 241 residents. The female sex was predominant (83.4%, n = 201). The average age was 28.18 (± 2.13) years. Among these residents, 27.8% (n = 67) currently consume at least one psychoactive substance and 71% (n = 171) had depressive symptoms. The substances consumed by residents were: tobacco 18.7% (n = 45), alcohol 18.7% (n = 45), cannabis 6.2% (n = 15) , amphetamine 3.3% (n = 8), sleeping pills (without medical prescription) 2.9% (n = 7), hallucinogens 2.9% (n = 7), cocaine 2.1 % (n = 5) and inhaled solvents 0.4% (n = 1).

The use of at least one psychoactive substance was significantly associated with male sex (p = 0.01), the presence of financial problems (p = 0.08), lack of religiosity (p <0.001), feeling of life dissatisfaction (p = 0.01), uncertainty about life events (p = 0.05) and the presence of depression (p = 0.018).

Conclusions

Psychoactive substance use has become a growing problem among residents in Tunisia. The associated factors should attract attention to identify these subjects.

Disclosure

No significant relationships.
Psychopathological and clinical-typological aspects of youth chronic endogenous depression
Authors: Kaleda V. , Migalina V.
Published: September 2022

Introduction

Youth ontogenesis contributes significantly to depressive disorders, causing pronounced atypia, a high level of comorbid pathology. A long-term depressive state lead can to persistent, adverse consequences.

Objectives

To study the clinical, psychopathological and psychometric features of youth chronic endogenous depression (UCED).

Methods

62 patients of the age 16-25 were examined clinically and psychopathologically; the patients were first hospitalized from 2017 to 2020 for a chronic depressive state with non-psychotic mental disorders (ICD-10: F31, F32, F33, F34, F21 keys) lasting more than two years. Psychometric assessment was done by HDRS, SOPS, and SANS.

Results

UCED are characterized by a pronounced atypia with a predominance of symptoms for negative affectivity with apathy, anhedonia, physical and mental asthenia, depressive devitalization. In contrast with non-chronic youth depressions, cognitive disorders, motor inhibition, a large proportion of comorbid pathology are presented in the chronic ones. Depending on the prevalence of additional psychopathological disorders, 2 types were distinguished: Type I – depression with a clear-cut affective psychopathological structure (54.8%, 34 patients); Type II - depression with the symptoms of other than affective registers (45.2%, 28 patients). Psychometric assessment on the HDRS scale, in the sub-scale “negative symptoms” of the SOPS scale, in the sub-scale “anhedonia-associality” of the SANS scale showed a greater severity of psychopathological symptoms in type II depression (p<0.05).

Conclusions

The obtained data confirm the differences between UCED and non-chronic youth depressions and demonstrate the aggravating effect of symptoms of the non-affective spectrum on the severity of UCED and the level of negative affectivity.

Disclosure

No significant relationships.
Could the mood disorder symptoms can be predict by metabolic disturbances?
Authors: Rog J. , Futyma-Jędrzejewska M. , Juchnowicz D. , Karpiński R. , Karakula-Juchnowicz H.
Published: September 2022

Introduction

Despite the huge progression in depression treatment, many individuals do not achieve full recovery. Studies demonstrated alternatives from neurotransmitter targets which are promising to predict and manage illness.

Objectives

This study aimed to select metabolic factors linked to the severity of depression symptoms.

Methods

66 patients (36% males) with episode of depression from part of SANGUT study were assessed for laboratory biomarkers (insulin, glucose, ALT, AST, lipid profile, cortisol, hs-CRP), anthropometric measurements (BMI, body composition, WHR ratio) and severity of subjective depressive (BDI scale) and stress (PSS-10 scale) symptoms.

Results

Maximum accuracy for differentiating mood symptoms was achieved by the combination of triglycerides (cut-off point > 101 mg/dl) and HDL cholesterol (cut-off point <=48 mg/dl). For differentiating stress symptoms the combination of cholesterol LDL (cut-off point > 108.35 mg/dl) and hs-CRP (cut-off point <=1.55 mg/dl) were most accurate. In the regression analysis model, total; LDL and HDL cholesterol, adjusting for HOMA-ir, cortisol, hs-CRP, triglycerides, age and body fat content were independently related to mood symptoms severity and explain 23.4% variability. Stress symptoms were related to cortisol, hs-CRP levels and WHR ratio adjusted for age, duration of illness, LDL cholesterol, and body fat content. The following model explains 19% variability of symptoms severity.

Conclusions

In patients with mood disorders, more attention should be paid to metabolic changes, predicting intensified depression traits. The results indicate lifestyle changes as an available to all patients tool for depression management.

Disclosure

No significant relationships.
Relationship between psychopathic traits and ability emotional intelligence in a sample of incarcerated males
Authors: Gómez-Leal R. , Megías-Robles A. , Sánchez-López M.T. , Fernández-Berrocal P.
Published: September 2022

Introduction

The study of psychopathic traits has increased in recent years, given the impact that these traits have on our society.

Objectives

This study aimed to evaluate the relationship between psychopathy traits and ability emotional intelligence by examining the sub-dimensions of both constructs in a sample of incarcerated males.

Methods

A total of sixty-three incarcerated adult males (Mage = 37.51) were assessed for psychopathy traits and emotional intelligence levels through the 34-item Self-Report Psychopathy Scale-III (SRP-III) and the Mayer-Salovey-Caruso Emotional Intelligence Test (MSCEIT) respectively.

Results

The results revealed that the incarcerated population is characterized by low EI and high psychopathic traits (explained by the scores obtained on the criminal tendencies sub-dimension). Moreover, participants scoring lower in ability EI were more likely to score higher on the callous affect sub-dimension of psychopathy. We also observed an indirect negative effect of ability EI on erratic lifestyle, criminal tendencies and interpersonal manipulation sub-dimensions through the mediating role of callous affect.

Conclusions

These findings offer a better understanding of the relationship between psychopathy traits and ability emotional intelligence and provide empirical support for the need to implement intervention programs in penitentiary centers based on EI training, which could help to reduce antisocial and disruptive behaviours and facilitate future reintegration into society.

Disclosure

No significant relationships.
Trait anxiety mediates between emotion dysregulation and core psychopathology in borderline personality disorder
Authors: Kot E. , Grzegorzewski P. , Kostecka B. , Radoszewska J. , Kucharska K.
Published: September 2022

Introduction

Findings from previous studies have implicated various forms of emotion dysregulation (EDys), including difficulties in emotion regulation, as important for the development and maintenance of borderline personality disorder (BPD). In addition, comorbid anxiety and depressive psychopathology has been found to contribute to the severity of BPD symptoms in this disorder.

Objectives

This study aimed at extending extant research on the above issues by testing the mediational role of comorbid psychopathology (i.e., trait anxiety and depressive symptoms) in the relationship between EDys (specifically, difficulties in emotion regulation) and BPD symptoms in BPD patients.

Methods

64 BPD female inpatients completed the Emotion Dysregulation Scale, STAI, CESD–R, and BPD Checklist.

Results

BPD symptoms were statistically significantly and strongly positively associated to EDys (rs = .55, p < .001) and to trait anxiety (rs = .52, p < .001). EDys and trait anxiety predicted the severity of BPD symptoms, R2 = 0.41, F(2, 61) = 20.90, p < .001. The examination of the indirect effect revealed a significant mediation, in which the association between EDys and BPD symptoms was mediated by trait-anxiety, B = 0.37, SE = 0.18, 95% CI = [0.10, 0.78]. However, the direct effect of EDys on BPD symptoms remained significant, B = 0.81, SE = 0.24, 95% CI = [0.32, 1.30].

Conclusions

The severity of BPD symptoms is associated with EDys and with trait anxiety. Moreover, our findings show that the latter partially mediates the link between EDys and BPD symptoms, which suggests that trait anxiety may contribute to the severity of BPD symptoms.

Disclosure

No significant relationships.
Relationship between type A personality and coronary heart disease
Authors: Saadi W. , Gorgi M. , Fouel N. , Haloui N. , Belaguide W. , Abdelghaffar W. , Bouzid M.I. , Rafrafi R.
Published: September 2022

Introduction

Since the work of R.H. Rosenman and Meyer Friedman in 1959, a correlation has been established between type A behavioral patterns and the occurrence of coronary heart disease. Type A personality has been found to be more of a coronary risk factor than a poor prognostic factor once coronary disease has set in. Subsequent studies have not supported such a relationship.

Objectives

The objective of our work was to investigate the association between type A personalities and coronary heart disease.

Methods

We conducted a retrospective study involving a sample of 200 patients recruited at the Mohamed Tahar Maâmouri Hospital in Nabeul. Our sample was composed of 100 coronary patients hospitalized or followed as outpatients in the cardiology department and 100 controls hospitalized or followed as outpatients in the general surgery or orthopedics department respectively. The study was conducted between April 15 and June 30, 2014. Personality type A was assessed according to the Bortner questionnaire.

Results

After performing a binary logistic regression to adjust for the associations looked for, and taking into account confounding factors, we did not observe a statistically significant association between type A personality and coronary pathology (p=0.123). In addition, type A personality was significantly associated with the following factors: diabetes (p=0.040), hypertension (p=0.049), and age <49 years (p=0.002) in coronary heart disease.

Conclusions

Future large-scale, multicenter, longitudinal studies with follow-up over time of patients would be necessary to consolidate our findings.

Disclosure

No significant relationships.
Media trust during the COVID-19 pandemic in Ukraine
Authors: Tukaiev S. , Vasheka T. , Rizun V. , Enzminger A. , Havrylets Y. , Palamar B. , Dolgova O. , Pravda O. , Makarchuk M.
Published: September 2022

Introduction

The worldwide pandemic exacerbated the new role of the media.If previously the discussion was on whether new or traditional media had primacy in popularity and exposure, nowadays the question is whether communicating health issues through social and traditional media leads to understanding their content better and to more trust in both types of media.

Objectives

We set the following objectives for this study:(1) to examine trust in the traditional and new media among university students,(2) according to the level of media trust to compose a psychological portrait,establish the most prevalent coping strategies,and emotional reactions to the pandemic.

Methods

213 university students (55.9% women,Mage=19 years) were tested from December 2020-March 2021.We examined the attitude towards information on coronavirus presented in the media and to investigate the level of severity of neurotic states,the level of psychological stress,and basic coping strategies used by respondents.

Results

showed that although students generally prefer to use Internet news, trust in traditional media increased during the pandemic. We examined a general psychological portrait of young people derived from trust in the media. In the group of students who trust media information, we found indifference (39% of respondents) and helplessness (24.4%). In the group convinced that the media are hiding the actual state of affairs, anger prevailed (32.4%). The third group, confident that the media exaggerate everything, experienced indifference and anger (38.5% and 32.7%, respectively).

Conclusions

We may conclude that desire to learn more accurate and unbiased information firsthand indicates students’ attitude towards traditional media as more reliable sources of information.

Disclosure

No significant relationships.
Mental health status, hope and resilient coping in Portuguese higher education students during the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Laranjeira C. , Querido A.
Published: September 2022

Introduction

The current pandemic crisis disturbed the life of universities and college campuses leading to an overwhelming effect on the educational system, social life, and mental health of students. In this scenario, coping strategies like resilience and hope provide a counterbalance in periods of uncertainty and stress.

Objectives

This study aims to: a) evaluate the prevalence and severity of depression, anxiety, and stress among higher education students during the COVID-19 pandemic; b) characterize the hope and resilient coping levels of graduate students.

Methods

Using a convenience sampling method, online self-reported data were collected between April 2020 to January 2021. The information gathered includes a Sociodemographic Form, the Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scale (DASS-21) the Brief Resilient Coping Scale (BRCS) and the Herth Hope Index (HHI).

Results

A total of Portuguese 1522 students (75.1% women and 24.9% men) took part in this study. The sample mean age was 22.88±6.93 years [range 18-59 years]. We identified a significant prevalence of symptoms of stress (35.7%), anxiety (36.2%) and depression (28.5%) in our population. The BRSCS score indicated that 60.2% of students exhibited low, 22.7% moderate and 17.1% high levels of resilient coping. The HHI mean was 35.53±5.92 [range 12-48].

Conclusions

The study findings indicate a substantial portion of the students is at high risk of psychological consequences during the COVID-19 pandemic. This study recommends that is needed to get a wider picture of today’s “new normal” education and to develop supportive strategies to enhance students’ mental health and well-being in future pandemics.

Disclosure

No significant relationships.
Association of Eating Disorders with Recurrent Pain in Adolescent Girls
Authors: Semenova N. , Slobodskaya H. , Rezun E.
Published: September 2022

Introduction

Eating disorders (ED) are associated with other mental illnesses, but the association of ED with pain is less well understood.

Objectives

To study the association of ED with headache and abdominal pain in adolescent girls.

Methods

In 2015-2018, 917 girls aged 12-17 were examined using the Body Image and Eating Distress scale (Koskelainen et al., 2001) and questions about frequency of recurrent headache and abdominal pain over the past six months. Adolescents were divided into three groups: girls with eating disorders (ED, n = 20); subthreshold eating disorders (SED, n = 88); and a control group (CG, n = 809).

Results

Headaches of varying frequency are were reported by 80% of girls with ED, 70.4% of girls with SED and 52.2% of CG girls. Frequent headaches (every week) were reported by 60% of girls with ED, 40.9% of girls with SED, and 29.9% of CG girls (χ2 = 20.21, p = 0.003). Recurrent abdominal pain was reported by 65% of girls with ED, 56.8% of girls with SED, and by 46.6% of CG girls. Weekly abdominal pain affected 30% of girls with ED, 20.4% of girls with SED and 12.9% of CG girls. Combined weekly pain were commoner in girls with eating distress (in 20% of girls with ED and in 12.5% with SED) than in CG (7.7%, χ2 = 3.92, p = 0.04).

Conclusions

Eating disorders in adolescents are often associated with pain, which can lead to late recognition of the disease, worsening its course and prognosis.

Disclosure

The study was supported by the Russian Science Foundation grant # 21-15-00033
The impact of nasogastric tube feeding on Drive for Thinness and Body Dissatisfaction in children and adolescents with Anorexia Nervosa
Authors: Pruccoli J. , Pelusi M. , Romagnoli G. , Parmeggiani A.
Published: September 2022

Introduction

The use of nasogastric-tube feeding (NGT) in the treatment of Anorexia Nervosa (AN) in children and adolescents is recommended by current guidelines. Nonetheless, the literature lacks studies assessing prognostic factors for modifications of AN-specific psychopathology treated with NGT.

Objectives

To assess potential prognostic affecting improvement in AN-specific psychopathology in children and adolescents hospitalized for AN, treated with NGT.

Methods

Retrospective study assessing young inpatients with AN, treated with NGT. Considered outcomes (admission vs discharge) were AN-specific psychopathology (Eating Disorder Inventory-3 (EDI-3): Drive for Thinness (DT); Body Dissatisfaction (BD); Eating-Disorders Risk (EDRC)) and body-mass index (BMI). Considered potential predictors were demographics, duration of untreated illness (DUI), severity (admission BMI), diagnoses, early vs late (0-7 vs 8+ days after admission) start of NGT, drugs). Models for specific contributions of predictors related to outcomes were assessed with analysis of covariance (ANCOVA).

Results

Fifty-three inpatients (F=53, mean age 15.1±2.0 years) were enrolled. Both higher DT (F(1,22)=15.07, p<0.001) and BD improvement (F(1,22)=7.73, p=0.011) were predicted by lower admission BMI. Higher BMI improvement was predicted by lower admission BMI (F(1,47)=10.39, p<0.001) and age (F(1.47)=6.12, p=0.011. AN subtypes, comorbidities, antidepressants, and different antipsychotics did not predict any outcome.

Conclusions

In this study, greater improvement in AN-specific psychopathology (DT and BD) and weight in patients treated with NGT was predicted by lower admission BMI. These results suggest that young patients with greater severity may highly benefit from NGT. These findings, if confirmed in wider and controlled samples, could help in optimizing the treatment with NGT in young inpatients with AN.

Disclosure

No significant relationships.
Clinical predictors of hepatic complications in Anorexia Nervosa
Authors: Villa S. , Sánchez I. , Fernandez-Aranda F. , Custal N. , Menchón J. , Alonso P.
Published: September 2022

Introduction

Hepatic ones are some of the most described somatic complications in anorexia nervosa (AN) affected patients. They can be due to malnutrition, which is the more usual thing, or due to re-feeding. The first one can lead to more marked elevations of the hepatic enzymes, especially alanine-aminotransferase (ALT). It’s been also described the relation between a sharply decreased body mass index (BMI) and this kind of complications, but there are still to determine more predictors.

Objectives

Identifying clinical predictors of hepatic complications in AN.

Methods

We analysed data from 71 AN affected patients hospitalized at Bellvitge Hospital from January 2016 to October 2021. We used IBM SPSS Statistics 22 to do all the statistics in this work.

Results

The medium age of the sample was 27.66 years with 10.8 years of evolution of AN. The medium BMI was 13.88. 33.80% of them had some sort of hepatic enzymes elevation, two of them a several one. AST, ALT and ALP were significantly more elevated in those patients with lower BMI. GGT was significantly more elevated in patients with more years of disorder development. We didn’t identify correlation between any purgative method and hepatic alterations.

Conclusions

The elevation of ALT, AST and ALP seems to be related with the BMI of the patients, while the elevation of the GGT turns out to be related to the time of evolution of the eating disorder. Purgative methods don’t seem to be related to the development of hepatic alterations in AN.

Disclosure

No significant relationships.
Prevalence of anxiety in parents of Children with Adrenal insufficiency: a case control study
Authors: Faouel N. , Ben Soussia R. , Messai K. , Kacem M. , Bouali W. , Haj Mohamed A. , Zarrouk L.
Published: September 2022

Introduction

Adrenal insufficiency is a rare medical condition which can occur in children. Parents, being the primary support and support for the child, are generally involved in the care of their sick child.

Objectives

To estimate the prevalence of anxiety symptoms and associated factors in parents of children with adrenal insufficiency.

Methods

This is an analytical cross-sectional case-control study over a period of 4 months in 2019, carried out with parents of children with Adrenal Insufficiency followed at the pediatric outpatient clinic in Taher Sfar Mahdia University Hospital. We used an anonymous questionnaire that included a socio-demographic fact sheet and the Hamilton anxiety scale for exploring anxiety symptoms.

Results

A total of 38 parents of children with Adrenal insufficiency and 38 control parents participated in the study. The current age of the child was between 1 and 16 years old with an average of 9.1 and standard deviation of 4.22 For the assessment of anxiety, 55.3% of the parents had a score greater than 20 attesting to the presence of an anxiety symptomatology. In addition, only 26.3% of control parents presented anxious symptoms. There is a significant difference between the two populations (p = 0.010 OR = 3.459). Anxiety was associated with having a child with SI (OR=3.4), female gender (OR=4.2), unemployment (OR=6.33), and low socioeconomic status.

Conclusions

Parents have a considerable burden in the care and management of their child with a chronic illness, which takes time and a lot of patience. Detecting anxiety symptoms in this population will help them manage it.

Disclosure

No significant relationships.
General Psychosomatic Medicine or the Loss of the Core of Being
Authors: Bast S.
Published: September 2022

Introduction

The authors presents an overview of the schools of learning in the area of modern psychosomatic medicine.

Objectives

The author presents different variants for the concept of disease in psychosomatics.

Methods

Groddeck was of the opinion that illness was a “creative endeavour”. Adler speaks of the will to be ill. Schulz Henke found that there are “gaps” where one would expect “normal life coping”. Heraclitus said the character of the human is his fate. In psychosomatic medicine, we must focus attention on the character failings. Viktor von Weizäcker spoke of the revolving door principle. Gebsattel concentrated on the inhibition in becoming. Arthur Jores described psychosomatic disorders as human illnesses. Humans become sick when they find themselves in a “dead-end-street of destiny”. They lose their core of being. Günther Ammon describes the psychosomatic reaction as the expression of a disturbed interaction process and advocates the psychoanalytical group therapy in the treatment of psychosomatic illnesses.

Results

In psychosomatics one looks for a special personality type or for a special trigger situation. One asks about the childhood anamnesis and the biography, about the characteristic drives and the character problems for the respective illness.Those who have lost their core of being can regain it through self-education and self-reflection. However, a “core of being” must be present.

Conclusions

Depending on the illness, character and social environment, it can happen that a patient “learns to express his wishes and fantasies, needs and sensitivities through his respective physical symptoms and complaints.

Disclosure

No significant relationships.
The assessment of family caregivers’ anxiety in pediatric epilepsy : a cross-sectional sudy
Authors: Zouari A. , Charfi N. , Guermazi A. , Mnif M. , Bouchaala W. , Ben Ncir S. , Kammoun F. , Maalej M. , Triki C.
Published: September 2022

Introduction

Pediatric epilepsy is a debilitating disease that impacts not only children with epilpsy but also persons arround them. It is often considered as a source of anxiety for family caregivers.

Objectives

Assess the level of anxiety in caregivers of children with epilepsy and to identify factors related to it.

Methods

We conducted a cross-sectional, descriptive and analytical study between July and October 2020. It included caregivers of children with epilepsy hospitalized in the pediatric neurology department of Sfax. We used the STAI-Y scale to assess the level of state anxiety (STAI-AE).

Results

Forty four womens participated in our study. Low socio-economic level was found in 31.8% of cases. The average age of children was 4.9 years. The mean duration of epilepsy was 2.2 years. It was comorbid with an autism spectrum disorder or an intellectual disability in 15.9% of cases. In 70.5% of the cases, the children were dependent on their caregivers in their daily lives. The level of anxiety was moderate in 27.3% and high to very high in 13.6% of them. A higher state-anxiety score was correlated with a longer duration of epilepsy (p=0.033), a lower familial socioeconomic level (p=0.013) and a higher number of children in family (p=0.048).

Conclusions

Pediatric epilepsy is associated with significant level of anxiety in family caregivers. This anxiety increases with the duration of the disease and with the presence of socioeconomic and family difficulties. Thus, psychosocial support for caregivers should be integrated into a global approach of the disease.

Disclosure

No significant relationships.
The evaluation of the effect of mindfulness and metacognition on anxiety symptoms: A case-control study
Authors: Aydın O. , Obuca F. , Çakıroğlu E. , Ünal-Aydın P. , Esen-Danacı A.
Published: September 2022

Introduction

Anxiety disorders (ADs) are pervasive, detrimental, and associated with numerous psychiatric disorders; however, their etiology and effective treatment strategies are not yet fully explored.

Objectives

We aimed to study whether the symptom severity of ADs is related to mindfulness and metacognition among adults. In addition, we wanted to compare metacognition and mindfulness between patients with ADs and healthy controls (HC).

Methods

Two hundred participants were enrolled in this study. Structured clinical interview, sociodemographic form, Five Facet Mindfulness Questionnaire-Short Form (FFMQ-S), Metacognition Questionnaire-30 (MCQ-30), and Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale (HAM-A) were administered. Multivariate analysis of covariance (MANCOVA) was conducted to compare the groups in terms of mindfulness and metacognition. Correlation and multiple linear regression analyses were performed to measure the association between anxiety symptom severity, mindfulness, and metacognition.

Results

The main finding indicates that Positive Beliefs about Worry are associated with reduced symptom severity of ADs. Furthermore, the results suggest that HC have more Positive Beliefs about Worry and Nonjudging of Inner Experience compared to patients with ADs, who use Negative Beliefs about Uncontrollability and Danger and Need to Control Thoughts to a greater extent.

Conclusions

This study suggests that dysfunctional metacognitive beliefs may influence symptom severity of ADs among adults. We advise that focusing on reducing maladaptive metacognitions may be beneficial while treating ADs in adults

Disclosure

No significant relationships.