bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Pharmacokinetic model-based assessment of factor IX prophylaxis treatment regimens in severe hemophilia B
Authors: Vandewalle Björn , Castaman Giancarlo , Álvarez-Román Maria Teresa , Ettingshausen Carmen Escuriola , Nemes László , Tomic Radovan , Martins Paulo , Rodrigues Joana F. , Pinachyan Karen
Published: September 2024

An important aspect of improving care for people with hemophilia B (HB) is developing optimal treatment strategies. Here we aimed to provide in-silico evidence, comparing the estimated optimal posology of factor IX (FIX) products to support the patient-physician decision-making process. A population pharmacokinetic (popPK) model-based assessment comparing the performance of FIX products (rFIX, rIX-FP, rFIXFc, N9-GP) was developed. PopPK analyses were used to determine a product’s optimal posology to target predefined steady-state FIX activity trough levels in a hypothetical population of 10,000 people with severe HB. Model-derived optimal posologies were compared across several parameters including trough levels, proportion of patients per regimen and consumption, considering 64 hypothetical patient scenarios of different FIX trough level targets and ages. Results indicated a marked difference between FIX products estimated to achieve target trough levels, consumption and dosing frequencies. rIX-FP was associated with higher trough levels than rFIX and rFIXFc, at a lower weekly dose and administration frequency, across all age groups. N9-GP use in adolescents and adults was associated with lower consumption compared with rIX-FP. Insights from this study may be utilized by clinicians to inform decision-making, by considering the model-generated estimated optimal posologies alongside multiple clinical factors and patient preferences.
Uncovering the reasons behind the failure of pastoralists in adopting climate change adaptation strategies
Authors: Sharaftmandrad Mohsen , Abedi Sarvestani Ahmad , Shahraki Mohammadreza , Hassanzadeh Nafooti Mohammad
Published: September 2024

Climate change has caused pastoralists to face serious challenges all around the world. To reduce climate change vulnerability, adaptation strategies need to be adopted by pastoralists. In this regard, the present research was done to seek the reasons for the failure of the northeastern pastoralists of Iran in adopting climate change adaptation strategies. The study is descriptive, which conducted by a field survey. The target population included 249 pastoralists from 7 pastoral units, of whom 148 people were selected as sample size using the stratified random sampling technique. The survey instrument was a researcher-made questionnaire. The content validity and face validity of the questionnaire were checked by the experts. Convergent validity was also confirmed based on the average variance extracted (AVE). Cronbach’s α coefficient and composite reliability (CR) were used to evaluate the internal consistency of the questionnaire. The results showed that social and, regulatory and insurance components were the most critical internal and external weaknesses of the pastoralists’ failure in adopting climate change adaptation strategies, respectively. Structural equation modeling showed that external weaknesses had positive and significant effects on internal weaknesses of the pastoralists’ failure in adopting climate change adaptation strategies.
Enabling SENSE accelerated 2D CSI for hyperpolarized carbon-13 imaging
Authors: Shinozaki Ayaka , Sanchez-Heredia Juan D. , Andersen Markus P. , Redda Mohsen , Dang Duy A. , Hansen Esben S. S. , Schulte Rolf F. , Laustsen Christoffer , Tyler Damian J. , Grist James T.
Published: September 2024

As hyperpolarized (HP) carbon-13 (13C) metabolic imaging is clinically translated, there is a need for easy-to-implement, fast, and robust imaging techniques. However, achieving high temporal resolution without decreasing spatial and/or spectral resolution, whilst maintaining the usability of the imaging sequence is challenging. Therefore, this study looked to accelerate HP 13C MRI by combining a well-established and robust sequence called two-dimensional Chemical Shift Imaging (2D CSI) with prospective under sampling and SENSitivity Encoding (SENSE) reconstruction. Due to the low natural abundance of 13C, the sensitivity maps cannot be pre-acquired for the reconstruction. As such, the implementation of sodium (23Na) sensitivity maps for SENSE reconstructed 13C CSI was demonstrated in a phantom and in vivo in the pig kidney. Results showed that SENSE reconstruction using 23Na sensitivity maps corrected aliased images with a four-fold acceleration. With high temporal resolution, the kidney spectra produced a detailed metabolic arrival and decay curve, useful for further metabolite kinetic modelling or denoising. Metabolic ratio maps were produced in three pigs demonstrating the technique’s ability for repeat metabolic measurements. In cases with unknown metabolite spectra or limited HP MRI specialist knowledge, this robust acceleration method ensures comprehensive capture of metabolic signals, mitigating the risk of missing spectral data.
Quasiperiodic disorder induced critical phases in a periodically driven dimerized p-wave Kitaev chain
Authors: Roy Koustav , Roy Shilpi , Basu Saurabh
Published: September 2024

The intricate relationship between topology and disorder in non-equilibrium quantum systems presents a captivating avenue for exploring localization phenomenon. Here, we look for a suitable platform that enables an in-depth investigation of the topic. To this end, we delve into the nuanced analysis of the topological and localization characteristics exhibited by a one-dimensional dimerized Kitaev chain under periodic driving and perform detailed analyses of the Floquet Majorana modes. Such a non-equilibrium scenario is made further interesting by including a spatially varying quasiperiodic potential with a temporally modulated amplitude. Apriori, the motivation is to explore an interplay between dimerization and a quasiperiodic disorder in a topological setting which is also known to demonstrate unique (re-entrant) localization properties. While the topological properties of the driven system confirm the presence of zero and $$\pi $$
π
Majorana modes, the phase diagram obtained by constructing a pair of topological invariants ($$\mathbb {Z} \times \mathbb {Z} $$

Z
×
Z

), also referred to as the real space winding numbers, at different driving frequencies reveal intriguing features that are distinct from the static scenario. In particular, at either low or intermediate frequency regimes, the phase diagram concerning the zero mode involves two distinct phase transitions, one from a topologically trivial to a non-trivial phase, and another from a topological phase to an Anderson localized phase. On the other hand, the study of the Majorana $$\pi $$
π
mode unveils the emergence of a unique topological phase, characterized by complete localization of both the bulk and the edge modes, which may be called as the Floquet topological Anderson phase. Moreover, different frequency regimes showcase distinct localization features which can be examined via the localization toolbox, namely, the inverse and the normalized participation ratios. Specifically, the low and high-frequency regimes demonstrate the existence of completely extended and localized phases, respectively. While at intermediate frequencies, we observe the critical (multifractal) phase of the model which is further investigated via a finite-size scaling analysis of the fractal dimension. Finally, to add depth into our study, we have performed a mean level spacing analyses and computed the Hausdorff dimension which yields specific characteristics inherent to the critical phase, offering profound insights into its underlying properties.
Distribution of honey bee mitochondrial DNA haplotypes in an Italian region where a legislative act is protecting the Apis mellifera ligustica subspecies
Authors: Taurisano Valeria , Ribani Anisa , Sami Dalal , Nelson Johnson Kate Elise , Schiavo Giuseppina , Utzeri Valerio Joe , Bovo Samuele , Fontanesi Luca
Published: September 2024

The conservation of the genetic integrity of Apis mellifera subspecies has emerged as an important objective. In 2019, the Emilia-Romagna region became the first Italian regional authority to issue a law specifically addressing the protection of the native Apis mellifera ligustica subspecies. In this study we analysed a highly informative portion of the mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA), widely used for assessing genetic diversity of honey bee populations. By analysing 1143 honey bees sampled after the introduction of this law, we provided a snapshot of the distribution of mtDNA haplotypes in this region. The two most frequent mtDNA haplotypes were C1 (characteristic of A. m. ligustica) and C2 (characteristic of A. m. carnica), reported in 86.5% and 11.0% of the analysed bees, respectively. About 1.3% and 1.1% of the analysed bees carried mtDNA haplotypes of the A and M lineages (haplotypes A1a, A1e, A4, A26, A65 and two novel ones, A2w and A6a; M3, M3a, M4 and M79). Continued genetic monitoring will be important to assess the impact of this regional law over the coming years. Based on the obtained results, we recommend a more stringent policy to prevent the erosion of the genetic integrity of the native subspecies A. m. ligustica.
Modelling the age distribution of longevity leaders
Authors: Kiss Csaba , Németh László , Vető Bálint
Published: September 2024

Human longevity leaders with remarkably long lifespan play a crucial role in the advancement of longevity research. In this paper, we propose a stochastic model to describe the evolution of the age of the oldest person in the world by a Markov process, in which we assume that the births of the individuals follow a Poisson process with increasing intensity, lifespans of individuals are independent and can be characterized by a gamma–Gompertz distribution with time-dependent parameters. We utilize a dataset of the world’s oldest person title holders since 1955, and we compute the maximum likelihood estimate for the parameters iteratively by numerical integration. Based on our preliminary estimates, the model provides a good fit to the data and shows that the age of the oldest person alive increases over time in the future. The estimated parameters enable us to describe the distribution of the age of the record holder process at a future time point.
Engineering the electrostatic potential in a COF's pore by selecting quadrupolar building blocks and linkages
Authors: Bittner Elena-Antonella , Merkel Konrad , Ortmann Frank
Published: September 2024

The electrostatic potential within porous materials critically influences applications like gas storage, catalysis, sensors and semiconductor technology. Precise control of this potential in covalent organic frameworks (COFs) is essential for optimizing these applications. We propose a straightforward method to achieve this by employing electric quadrupolar building blocks. Our comprehensive models accurately reproduce the electrostatic potential in 2D-COFs, requiring only a few parameters that depend solely on local electrostatic properties, independent of the COF’s lattice structure and topology. This approach has been validated across various systems, including conjugated and non-conjugated building blocks with different symmetries. We explore single-layer, few-layer, and bulk systems, achieving changes in the potential which exceed one electronvolt. Stacking configurations such as eclipsed AA, serrated AA’, and inclined stacking all exhibit the tuning effect with minor variations. Finally, we discuss the impact of these potential manipulations on applications like ion and gas uptake.
Differential effects of 40S ribosome recycling factors on reinitiation at regulatory uORFs in GCN4 mRNA are not dictated by their roles in bulk 40S recycling
Authors: Jendruchová Kristína , Gaikwad Swati , Poncová Kristýna , Gunišová Stanislava , Valášek Leoš Shivaya , Hinnebusch Alan G.
Published: September 2024

Recycling of 40S ribosomal subunits following translation termination, entailing release of deacylated tRNA and dissociation of the empty 40S from mRNA, involves yeast Tma20/Tma22 heterodimer and Tma64, counterparts of mammalian MCTS1/DENR and eIF2D. MCTS1/DENR enhance reinitiation (REI) at short upstream open reading frames (uORFs) harboring penultimate codons that confer heightened dependence on these factors in bulk 40S recycling. Tma factors, by contrast, inhibited REI at particular uORFs in extracts; however, their roles at regulatory uORFs in vivo were unknown. We examined effects of eliminating Tma proteins on REI at regulatory uORFs mediating translational control of GCN4 optimized for either promoting (uORF1) or preventing (uORF4) REI. We found that the Tma proteins generally impede REI at native uORF4 and its variants equipped with various penultimate codons regardless of their Tma-dependence in bulk recycling. The Tma factors have no effect on REI at native uORF1 and equipping it with Tma-hyperdependent penultimate codons generally did not confer Tma-dependent REI; nor did converting the uORFs to AUG-stop elements. Thus, effects of the Tma proteins vary depending on the REI potential of the uORF and penultimate codon, but unlike in mammals, are not principally dictated by the Tma-dependence of the codon in bulk 40S recycling.
Phase 1b/2 study of the liposomal formulation of eribulin (E7389-LF) in combination with nivolumab: Results from the phase 2 esophageal cancer cohort
Authors: Oshima Takashi , Yamamoto Sachiko , Kawakami Hisato , Makino Tomoki , Kawazoe Akihito , Masuishi Toshiki , Tsushima Takahiro , Hirao Motohiro , Tsuda Masahiro , Hino Kaori , Yamamoto Noboru , Hara Hiroki , Kaname Shota , Matsuoka Daiko , Otake Yohei , Yasuda Keisuke , Takase Takao , Takashima Shuya , Semba Taro , Ooki Akira
Published: September 2024

Background

Esophageal cancer is one of the most common types of cancer in Japan. Herein, we report the efficacy and safety of E7389-LF plus the immune checkpoint inhibitor, nivolumab, from the esophageal cancer cohort of the phase 2 part of Study 120.

Methods

Eligible patients received E7389-LF 2.1 mg/m2 plus nivolumab 360 mg intravenously Q3W. The primary objective was to evaluate the objective response rate (ORR); other objectives included safety, progression-free survival (PFS), and overall survival (OS).

Results

Of the 35 Japanese patients enrolled, 7 (20.0%) had a partial response as their best overall response, and 14 (40.0%) had stable disease. The ORR was 20.0% (95% CI 8.4–36.9). The duration of response was 5.6 months (95% CI 1.7–not estimable [NE]). The median PFS was 2.81 months (95% CI 1.31–4.17). The median OS was not reached (95% CI 6.54 months–NE). The most common treatment-emergent adverse events were neutropenia (65.7%), pyrexia (60.0%), and leukopenia (57.1%). Select plasma endothelial cell markers levels increased from day 1 of cycle 1 and changes were pronounced between days 8–15 of each cycle.

Conclusions

E7389-LF plus nivolumab showed antitumor activity in patients with unresectable and pretreated esophageal cancer and should be evaluated further in a broader population.

Clinical Trial Registration

NCT04078295.
Mechanoluminescence: unveiling the mechanical stress
Authors: Haider Syed Shabhi , Barzowska Justyna , Suchocki Andrzej
Published: September 2024

This chapter describes a brief history, classification, mechanism, materials and applications of a fascinating phenomenon called Mechanoluminescence (ML), exhibited by several solid materials in terms of the emission of light upon mechanical stress and physical deformation. Furthermore, the construction and working of numerous experimental techniques and setups are discussed. Commonly known theories state that ML occurs when the trapped charge carriers are de-trapped due to the piezoelectric field upon applied mechanical stress. Due to the direct relation of emitted ML intensity with applied mechanical stress, it is applicable in automotive, turbines, and robotics for stress sensing, visualization of stress distribution in a metal plate, analyzing stress penetration within synthetic bones and joints, detection of invisible defects and cracks in metal assembly, imagining the crack propagation in infrastructure for health diagnosis, etc.
Bibacillin 1: a two-component lantibiotic from Bacillus thuringiensis
Authors: Moreira Ryan , Yang Yi , Luo Youran , Gilmore Michael S. , van der Donk Wilfred A.
Published: September 2024

Here we describe the structure, bioactivity, and action mechanism of bibacillin 1 – a two-component lantibiotic from Bacillus thuringiensis.
Neglected solid phase pentavalent plutonium carbonate in the environment
Authors: Kuzenkova Anastasiia S. , Plakhova Tatiana V. , Svetogorov Roman D. , Kulikova Elizaveta S. , Trigub Alexander L. , Yapaskurt Vasily O. , Egorov Alexander V. , Toropov Andrey S. , Averin Alexey A. , Shaulskaya Maria D. , Tsymbarenko Dmitry M. , Romanchuk Anna Yu. , Kalmykov Stepan N.
Published: September 2024

KPuO2CO3 solid phase precipitation from hexavalent plutonium solution: structure and stability area.
Effects of chloride transport on the bioelectrochemical remediation of nitrate-contaminated groundwater
Authors: Tang Hanyu , Burns McKenzie , Qin Mohan
Published: September 2024

The impact of ion competition on nitrate removal from contaminated groundwater using membrane-based bioelectrochemical systems is investigated.
Application of capacitive deionization technology in water treatment and coupling technology: a review
Authors: He Shumin , Zhu Tong , Wang Youzhao , Xiong Wei , Gao Xiaolong , Zhang Enbo
Published: September 2024

CDI plays an important role in water desalination, water softening, removal of heavy metals, purification of industrial wastewater, and removal of nutrients, and CDI coupling technology is emphasized.
Porous carbon pellets for physical adsorption of CO2: size and shape effect
Authors: Singh Baljeet , Kemell Marianna , Repo Timo
Published: September 2024

The use of sorbents for physical adsorption of CO2 represents a promising and increasingly vital approach in the effort to reduce energy consumption per ton of CO2 capture and mitigate CO2 emissions.
Modulation of intramolecular freedom for tuning fluorescence imaging and photooxidation of amyloid-β aggregates
Authors: Guo Yuhui , Xia Chunli , Cao Yingmei , Su Junyi , Chi Weijie , Chen Daoyuan , Yan Jinwu
Published: September 2024

Novel photosensitizers against AD are reported based on the strategy of modulation of intramolecular freedom of movement.
The impact of sequence periodicity on DNA mechanics: investigating the origin of A-tract's curvature
Authors: Gardasevic Tania , Noy Agnes
Published: September 2024

Periodic A-tracts generate the highest curvature through delocalized bends within and outside polyAs, acting as ‘mechanical adapters’.
On-surface synthesis – Ullmann coupling reactions on N-heterocyclic carbene functionalized gold nanoparticles
Authors: Ukah Nathaniel , Wegner Hermann A.
Published: September 2024

The Ullmann reaction on the surface of Au nanoparticles has been investigated, which opens up prospects in the synthesis of new hybrid materials, molecular self-assembly and in nanotechnology.
Synthesis and biological evaluation of natural Lachnophyllum methyl ester, Lachnophyllum lactone and their synthetic analogs
Authors: Adande Kodjo , Simalou Oudjaniyobi , Ardanuy Juline , Eloh Kodjo , Mehalla Chérine , Constant Patricia , Fabing Isabelle , Génisson Yves , Ballereau Stéphanie
Published: September 2024

Synthesis of natural (2Z)-Lachnophyllum methyl ester and (4Z)-Lachnophyllum lactone is reported. The developed routes enabled the first synthesis of non-natural analogs of these natural compounds. Biological activities of the series were evaluated.
Octahedral CoS2 electrocatalysts for efficient nitrate reduction to ammonia
Authors: Li Weili , Wang Pai , Wang Peng , Liu Hongxian , Wu Chunyang , Liu Yuqing , Huang Jianwen , Fang Zhenxing , Guo Huanmei , Zhang Yanning , Li Fei , Wu Tongwei , Sun Xuping
Published: September 2024

Octahedral CoS2 nanocrystals are highly active to ambiently reduce NO3− to NH3 (NO3RR). DFT calculations reveal that CoS2 (111) with high electron supply capacity is responsible for enhanced NO3RR activity.
Bifunctional Sn-Y zeolite triggers tandem catalytic conversion of glucose into 5-hydroxymethylfurfural
Authors: Zhu Zhiguo , Liu Xiaolong , Liu Xue , Bo Songcheng , Yang Kaixuan , Su Ting , Zhao Yuchao , Lü Hongying
Published: September 2024

Bifunctional Sn-Y zeolite was post-synthesized using a dealumination-controlled strategy and exhibited excellent catalytic performance during the tandem conversion of glucose into 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF).
Reuse of spent industrial graphite in batteries by green recycling and interphase functionalization
Authors: Jiang Yu , Li Yuqing , Qu Qunting , Lv Linze , Shao Jie , Wang Jing , Zheng Honghe
Published: September 2024

A green, energy-saving and effective method for recycling graphite from spent Li-ion batteries and its reutilization in high-voltage dual-ion batteries are developed.
A light-regulated, exceptionally active and selective artificial potassium channel
Authors: Zeng Landley Ziluo , Li Zhongyan , Xu Ying , Shen Jie , Gong Bing , Chang Wenju
Published: September 2024

Introducing an azo-benzene group into a channel molecule improves ion transport property while also enabling light modulation. This study underscores the potential for developing diverse light-gated channels for multidisciplinary applications.
C–C bond cleavage arylation and alkenylation of cyclobutanone oxime ethers via photoredox/nickel catalysis
Authors: Peng Chenglin , Tang Yingru , Sun Shili , Wei Yu , Zhou Weiji , Guo Li-Na , Xu Liang , Liu Shuai
Published: September 2024

A unique strategy for iminyl radical-mediated C–C bond cleavage arylation and alkenylation of cyclobutanone oxime ethers is described.
Selecting appropriate cellulose morphology to enhance the nitrogen content of nitrocellulose
Authors: Rizkiansyah Raden Reza , Mardiyati Y. , Hariyanto Arief , Dirgantara Tatacipta
Published: September 2024

An appropriate cellulose morphology capable of enhancing the nitration process of nitrocellulose was selected to provide an alternative strategy in obtaining nitrocellulose with high nitrogen content from a non-cotton linter cellulose source.
Metal-bipyridine supported on 3-aminopropyl-functionalized MK10: effect of a metalating agent on the catalytic activity in the transesterification of β-keto ester
Authors: Yusuff Adeyinka Sikiru , Gu Yanlong , Berdimurodov Elyor , Eliboev Ilyos
Published: September 2024

This article reports the utilization of an efficient and reusable MK10-based inorganic–organic hybrid metal catalyst for the transesterification of β-keto ethyl acetoacetate (EAA) with butanol (BTL) to produce butyl acetoacetate (BAT).
Carbon and boron nitride quantum dots as optical sensor probes for selective detection of toxic metals in drinking water: a quantum chemical prediction through structure- and morphology-dependent electronic and optical properties
Authors: Sarath Kumar Chedharla Balaji , Reji Rence Painappallil , Sivalingam Yuvaraj , Kawazoe Yoshiyuki , Surya Velappa Jayaraman
Published: September 2024

Toxic metal detection in drinking water using quantum dots through UV-Vis absorption spectra and fluorescence property.
Synthesis of glycolic acid by selective oxidation of ethylene glycol over Pt/Sn-Beta in a base-free medium
Authors: Xu Yongming , Liu Wenzhao , Xu Bo , Wang Ke , Yang Jinchu , Si Yueqi , Zhao Xuebin , Zhang Tingting , Zhang Zhan , Qiao Xueyi , Lu Tianliang
Published: September 2024

The catalytic oxidation of ethylene glycol with O2 to glycolic acid was carried out using a Pt/Sn-Beta catalyst in aqueous phase under base-free conditions, with a temperature range of 30–70 °C, achieving a glycolic acid yield of up to 73%.
An ultra-sensitive and recyclable FET-type toxic gas sensor based on WTe2 monolayers
Authors: Dong Mi-Mi , He Hang , Zhao Ming-Wen , Wang Chuan-Kui , Fu Xiao-Xiao
Published: September 2024

Field-effect-transistor (FET)-type gas sensors have attracted a surge of research interest due to their low power dissipation and exceptional sensitivity.
Summary review of spectral frequency division utilization of renewable radiant energy
Authors: Lv Wenhao , Feng Mengqi , Li Xianglin , Liu Wenzhuo , Lu Mengying , Yang Bowen , Lu Tonghui , Dong Xuanchen , Liu Zhe , Lv Song
Published: September 2024

Spectrally selective utilization of radiant energy.
Unveiling ultrafast carrier dynamics in photocatalytic 2-D heterostructures: insights from first-principles and nonadiabatic molecular dynamics
Authors: Gong Zelong , Qian Zhao , Gao Jian , Yang Kaixin , Cao Shiyu , Sajjad Muhammad , Jiang Yuanning , Bi Jianqiang , Ahuja Rajeev
Published: September 2024

Understanding carrier dynamics in GaN-based 2-D heterostructures guides the design of efficient photocatalysts for renewable energy.
Targeted delivery of the metastasis-specific tumour homing TMTP1 peptide to non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) using inhalable hybrid nano-assemblies
Authors: Ray Eupa , Jadhav Krishna , Kadian Monika , Sharma Garima , Sharma Kritika , Jhilta Agrim , Singh Raghuraj , Kumar Anil , Verma Rahul Kumar
Published: September 2024

Inhalable hybrid nano-assemblies incorporating the tumor homing peptide TMTP1 effectively target and kill tumors, offering a promising therapeutic strategy for advanced small cell lung cancer.
A novel pH-responsive monomer inhibits Candida albicans via a dual antifungal mode of action
Authors: Li Hao , Shi Yangyang , Chen Hui , Liang Jingou , Zhang Shiyong , Li Bolei , Chen Jing , Li Mingyun , Peng Xian , Zhou Xuedong , Ren Biao , Cheng Lei
Published: September 2024

This study developed a novel pH-responsive monomer, DMAEM. It acts as a fungicide under acidic pH and suppresses filamentation under neutral pH, this dual mode of action provides therapeutic benefits in host environments with varying pH levels.
Fast-response fiber organic electrochemical transistor with vertical channel design for electrophysiological monitoring
Authors: Chen Jiawei , Fang Yuan , Feng Jianyou , Shi Xiang , Li Jinyan , Wang Shuzhuang , Zhang Songlin , Peng Huisheng , Sun Xuemei
Published: September 2024

A novel fiber organic electrochemical transistor with a micro-scale vertical channel achieves a 12 ms response time and 16 mS transconductance at zero gate bias, enabling 7-day in vivo ECG monitoring and effective heart disease detection.
RNA-binding peptide and endosomal escape-assisting peptide (L2) improved siRNA delivery by the hexahistidine–metal assembly
Authors: Zhang Yan , Qin Li-Miao , Feng Meng-Fan , Yu Xianghui , Wu Yuqing
Published: September 2024

The RNA-binding functional peptide L2-NTD is complexed with HmA (siRNA+L2-NTD@HmA), providing efficient siRNA delivery into cells with minimal cytotoxicity and degradation.
New insights into the photophysical properties and interaction mechanisms of Janus green blue dye with polyanions and its applications in colorimetric visualization of loop-mediated isothermal amplification and polymerase chain reaction
Authors: Selva Sharma Arumugam , Ryou Sung Min , Lee Ji Hyeok , Lee Nae Yoon
Published: September 2024

Photophysical properties and binding mechanisms of Janus green blue (JGB) with polyanions were studied. DNA induced JGB aggregation was utilized to develop sensitive colorimetric assays for LAMP and PCR, detecting S. pneumoniae and MTF-1 genes.
Recent advances in fluorescent probes for fatty liver imaging by detecting lipid droplets
Authors: He Long , Li Hang , Tang Yao , Ren Tian-Bing , Yuan Lin
Published: September 2024

This review summarizes various probes for imaging LDs in the fatty liver process using different excitation imaging modes and emission wavelengths, as well as analyzing the achievements, challenges and future development trends in this field.
Heteroepitaxial tuning of resonant forbidden reflections in a spinel
Authors: Oka Ryosuke , Kim Minu , Wochner Peter , Francoual Sonia , Palstra Thomas T. M. , Takagi Hidenori , Huang Dennis
Published: September 2024

Resonant elastic X-ray scattering at the V K edge reveals systematic variations of the resonant forbidden (002) reflection in thin films of spinel LiV2O4 deposited on MgAl2O4, SrTiO3, and MgO.
A novel security‐based adaptive reconfigurable intelligent surfaces assisted clustering strategy
Authors: Tian Yue , Zheng Xiaofan
Published: September 2024

Reconfigurable intelligent surfaces (RISs) have attracted a great deal of interest due to the potential contributions to the next‐generation wireless networks. This letter proposes an enhancement to the physical layer security (PLS) of a multi‐hop RIS‐assisted underwater optical wireless communication (UOWC) system. Owing to the complexity of the underwater environment, a security‐based adaptive RIS (SA‐RIS) clustering strategy, which aims to reflect optical signals among clusters to improve the performance of the overall system, is evaluated. By combining the underwater channel model, the closed‐form expressions of probability density function (PDF) and cumulative distribution function (CDF) are derived. Moreover, by increasing the numbers of RIS clusters, the performance metrics such as secrecy outage probability (SOP) and average secrecy capacity (ASC) are evaluated under different scenarios. The obtained results demonstrated that, in contrast to the case without preventing the eavesdropper, the proposed strategy in evasion scenarios could improve the SOP significantly. It can be concluded that the system secrecy performances are further improved by assigning different RIS clusters with proper channel quality.
Effect of end leakage inductance on the performance of toroidal winding double‐sided linear induction motors
Authors: Zhang Huixian , Zhang Kunlun , Luo Cheng
Published: September 2024

The end leakage inductance is an important component in the primary leakage inductance of the equivalent circuit. In order to calculate the end leakage inductance of a toroidal winding double‐sided linear induction motor (TW‐DSLIM) accurately and quickly, the role of ferromagnetic medium is equated by the method of images, the magnetic flux density in the end space is calculated according to the current density of the rectangular coil, end leakage inductance is obtained by calculating the end leakage magnetic energy, the impact of end leakage inductance on the performance of TW‐DSLIM is investigated, and finally the TW‐DSLIM model is established in finite element analysis to verify the effectiveness of the analytical method.
NSVS 14256825: Period variation and orbital stability analysis of two possible substellar companions
Authors: Zervas K. , Christopoulou P.-E.
Published: September 2024

Context. Recent period investigations of the post-common envelop binary (PCEB) NSVS 14256825 suggest that two circumbinary companions are necessary to explain the observed eclipse timing variations (ETVs).

Aims. Our objective in this work was to search for the best-fitting curve of two LTTE terms of the ETV diagram by implementing a grid search optimization scheme of Keplerian (kinematic) and Newtonian (N-body) fits alongside a dynamical stability analysis of N-body simulations.

Methods. We compiled two datasets of archival photometric data covering different timelines and updated them with new observations and with three new times of minima calculated from the Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite (TESS). A grid search optimization process was implemented, and the resulting solutions that fell within the 90% confidence interval of the best-fitting curve of the ETV diagram were tested for orbital stability using N-body simulations and the MEGNO chaos indicator.

Results. The Keplerian and Netwonian fits are in close agreement, and hundreds of stable configurations were identified for both datasets reaching a lifetime of 1 Myr. Our results suggest that the ETV data can be explained by the presence of a circumbinary planet with mass mb = 11 MJup in a nearly circular inner orbit of period Pb = 7 yr. The outer orbit is unconstrained with a period range Pc = 20 − 50 yr (from 3:1 to 7:1 MMR) for a circumbinary body of substellar mass (mc = 11 − 70 MJup). The stable solutions of the minimum- and maximum-reduced chi-square value were integrated for 100 Myr and confirmed a non-chaotic behavior. Their residuals in the ETV data could be explained by a spin-orbit coupling model (Applegate-Lanza). However, continuous monitoring of the system is required in order to refine and constrain the proposed solutions.
Exploring a primordial solution for early black holes detected with JWST
Authors: Dayal Pratika
Published: September 2024

Aims.With its rest-frame optical sensitivity, theJames WebbSpace Telescope (JWST) has unearthed black holes as massive as 106.2−8.1M⊙at redshifts ofz ∼ 8.5 − 10.6. In addition to these unexpectedly high masses, many systems show unexpectedly high ratios of the black hole to stellar mass ofMBH/M* ≳ 30% at these early epochs. This poses a crucial challenge for theoretical models.

Methods.We collated data for all of the black holes that were confirmed with the JWST (through spectroscopy, X-rays, or high-ionization emission lines). Using analytic calculations, we explored the combination of astrophysical seeding mechanisms and Eddington accretion rates that can explain the observed objects. We then appeal to cosmological primordial black hole (PBH) seeds and show that these present an alternative path for the seeding of early structures and their baryonic contents.

Results.When we assume seeding (via astrophysical means) at a redshift ofzseed = 25 and continuous accretion, all of the black holes we studied can analytically either be explained through super-Eddington accretion (at an Eddington fraction offEdd ≲ 2.1) onto low-mass seeds (100 M⊙) or through Eddington-limited accretion onto high-mass seeds (105 M⊙). The upper limit at which we assume a primordial origin for all of these black holes yields a continuous primordial black hole mass function (between 10−5.25and 103.75M⊙) and a fractional PBH value ≲10−12. This agrees well with observational constraints. We then show that PBHs can seed a halo around themselves and assemble their baryonic (gas and stellar contents) starting at the redshift of matter-radiation equality (z ∼ 3400). We were able to reproduce the observed stellar and black hole masses for two of the highest-redshift black holes (UHZ1 and GHZ9 atz ∼ 10.3) with the same parameters as those that govern star formation, black hole accretion, and their feedbacks. Exploring a wide swathe of model parameter space for GHZ9, we find ratios of black hole to stellar mass between 0.1 − 1.86. This means that in some cases (of high supernova feedback), the black hole grows to be more massive than the stellar mass of its host halo. This is an attractive alternative to seeding these puzzling early systems.
3D Surface Reconstruction of Coarse Aggregate Particles from Occlusion-Free Multi-View Images
Authors: GAO Rong , SUN Zhaoyun , GUO Jianxing , LI Wei , YANG Ming , HAO Xueli , YAO Bobin , WANG Huifeng
Published: September 2024

Rapidly and accurately assessing the geometric characteristics of coarse aggregate particles is crucial for ensuring pavement performance in highway engineering. This article introduces an innovative system for the three-dimensional (3D) surface reconstruction of coarse aggregate particles using occlusion-free multi-view imaging. The system captures synchronized images of particles in free fall, employing a matte sphere and a nonlinear optimization approach to estimate the camera projection matrices. A pre-trained segmentation model is utilized to eliminate the background of the images. The Shape from Silhouettes (SfS) algorithm is then applied to generate 3D voxel data, followed by the Marching Cubes algorithm to construct the 3D surface contour. Validation against standard parts and diverse coarse aggregate particles confirms the method's high accuracy, with an average measurement precision of 0.434 mm and a significant increase in scanning and reconstruction efficiency.
Ask Me Any Type: Type Inference Plugin for Partial Code on the Web and in the Integrated Development Environment
Authors: CHENG Yu , HUANG Guanming , WU Yishun , ZHAO Zijie , HE Zhenhao , LU Jiaxing
Published: September 2024

Inferring the fully qualified names (FQNs) of undeclared receiving objects and non-fully-qualified type names (non-FQNs) in partial code is critical for effectively searching, understanding, and reusing partial code. Existing type inference tools, such as COSTER and SNR, rely on a symbolic knowledge base and adopt a dictionary-lookup strategy to map simple names of undeclared receiving objects and non-FQNs to FQNs. However, building a symbolic knowledge base requires parsing compilable code files, which limits the collection of APIs and code contexts, resulting in out-of-vocabulary (OOV) failures. To overcome the limitations of a symbolic knowledge base for FQN inference, we implemented Ask Me Any Type (AMAT), a type of inference plugin embedded in web browsers and integrated development environment (IDE). Unlike the dictionary-lookup strategy, AMAT uses a cloze-style fill-in-the-blank strategy for type inference. By treating code as text, AMAT leverages a fine-tuned large language model (LLM) as a neural knowledge base, thereby preventing the need for code compilation. Experimental results show that AMAT outperforms state-of-the-art tools such as COSTER and SNR. In practice, developers can directly reuse partial code by inferring the FQNs of unresolved type names in real time.
Unilateral Global Bifurcation and One-Sign Solutions for Kirchhoff Type Problem in ℝN
Authors: SHEN Wenguo
Published: September 2024

In this paper, we study the following Kirchhoff type problem: [see formula in PDF]Unilateral global bifurcation result is established for this problem. As applications of the bifurcation result, we determine the intervals of [see formula in PDF] for the existence, nonexistence, and exact multiplicity of one-sign solutions for this problem.
Virtual Reality und künstliche Intelligenz – (R)Evolution auf der Intensivstation
Authors: Kober David
Published: September 2024

Dieser Schwerpunkt ergründet die faszinierenden Potenziale von Virtual Reality, Augmented Reality und künstlicher Intelligenz für die Zukunft der Intensivtherapie. Er beleuchtet nicht nur konkrete Anwendungsbeispiele, sondern auch ethische Überlegungen und Hürden im klinischen Einsatz dieser Technologien.
Perioperatives Patient Blood Management im interprofessionellen Team
Authors: Müller Marie Christin , Beginn Florian
Published: September 2024

Im Fokus des Patient Blood Management steht, Blutprodukte einzusparen, Blutverluste zu minimieren und Gerinnungsstörungen zu vermeiden. Dies wirkt sich positiv auf die Patientensicherheit und den Umgang mit Ressourcen aus. Allerdings ist Patient Blood Management kein starrer Behandlungspfad, sondern ein Konzept, das für jeden Patienten individuell angepasst wird, da er der Mittelpunkt sämtlicher Maßnahmen ist. Anästhesie-Pflegende und Anästhesietechnische Assistenten leisten dabei einen wichtigen Beitrag.
Zufriedenheit älterer Patient:innen mit einer Rehabilitationsmaßnahme
nach durchgeführter Operation
Authors: Meyer Jördis , Daum Nils , Borchers Friedrich , Spies Claudia , Kiselev Jörn
Published: September 2024

Hintergrund In patientenzentrierter Gesundheitsversorgung hat die
Patientenzufriedenheit als Qualitätsindikator in den letzten 30 Jahren zunehmend
an Bedeutung gewonnen. Die Messung erfolgt üblicherweise allgemein für die
medizinische Versorgung, jedoch weniger spezifisch für Fachbereiche wie die
Rehabilitation. Dies gilt besonders für die Zielgruppe älterer Patient:innen,
obwohl diese durch den demographischen Wandel von zunehmender Wichtigkeit ist.
Daher untersucht diese Arbeit Einflussfaktoren von Zufriedenheit älterer
Patient:innen mit einer Rehabilitationsmaßnahme nach durchgeführter Operation.

Methodik Am 14.12.22 wurden die fünf Datenbanken Medline, Embase,
Cochrane, PsychInfo und Cinahl durchsucht. 9528 Treffer wurden daraufhin von
zwei unabhängigen Reviewern gescreent. 144 Studien wurden in die Volltextanalyse
eingeschlossen, von denen 14 Studien eingeschlossen wurden. Diese Studien wurden
auf die jeweils verwendeten Messinstrumente zur Erhebung der
Patientenzufriedenheit untersucht, anhand derer Faktoren analysiert wurden, die
in dieser Zielgruppe Einfluss auf die Zufriedenheit hatten.

Ergebnisse Es konnten vier validierte Instrumente identifiziert werden.
Fünf Studien nutzten qualitative Interviews. Anhand dieser Instrumente und
Interviews konnten 13 Zufriedenheitsfaktoren gefunden werden. Zu diesen Faktoren
zählen die medizinische Versorgung, der Behandlungserfolg, der
Informationserhalt, die Aufklärung, das Entlassungsmanagement, die Partizipation
am Behandlungsprozess sowie die Arzt-Patienten-Beziehung, die Aspekte wie
Empathie und Respekt beinhaltet. Faktoren, bezogen auf den Behandlungsort, sind
die Ausstattung, die Organisation, Gastronomie und generelle Serviceleistungen.
Des Weiteren nehmen persönliche Faktoren wie der Krankheitsverlauf, Ängste, der
persönliche Charakter und das individuelle Krankheitsverständnis einen
entscheidenden Einfluss auf die Patientenzufriedenheit.

Schlussfolgerung Von den analysierten Messinstrumenten wurde nur der
„Patient perspective On Care and Rehabilitation process“ (POCR) für eine
geriatrische Population in der Rehabilitation entwickelt. Dessen Entwicklung hat
ergeben, dass neben den oben genannten beeinflussbaren Faktoren vor allem
individuell, nur bedingt beeinflussbare Faktoren wie Verlustängste, Charakter
und der Krankheitszustand bei der Zielgruppe entscheidend sind. Inwieweit sich
die Zufriedenheitsfaktoren älterer Patient:innen von jüngeren unterscheiden,
sollte Bestandteil weiterer Forschungen darstellen, um zukünftig rehabilitative
Behandlungen speziell auf die Bedürfnisse älterer Patient:innen anzupassen.
Evaluation of Employees' Knowledge of Colorectal Cancer Prevention and Screening at a Reference Oncology Centre
Authors: Andrade de Souza Karina Quely , Silva Paulo André Lago , Machado Dan Perdiz Fucs , David Gabriel Cury Andari , de Abreu Glicia Estevam
Published: September 2024

Introduction Despite the high prevalence and severity of colorectal cancer (CRC), the public is mostly unaware of its prevention and screening.

Objective To determine the level of knowledge regarding CRC prevention and screening among staff at a reference cancer center.

Materials and Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted in a reference cancer center. Employees aged 18 and up who had worked at the oncology center for at least one year were given a questionnaire containing sociodemographic and evaluative questions about CRC prevention and screening.

Results The sample comprised 266 employees, with a median age of 45 (53.00–35.75) years of age. Most of the staff (76.3%) were female, had at least a year of experience at the health facility (74.1%), and agreed on the definition of CRC. Inflammatory bowel illness was the least commonly recognized risk factor (67.6%). Most of the sample (56%) recognized all 5 warning flags. Colonoscopy was the most popular screening test (98.7%). Although the health center does not offer official CRC education, most of the staff (42.1%) reported learning about CRC while working.

There was no difference in perceptions of the optimal age to begin screening between employees 45 years or older and those younger (p = 0.729). Higher-educated employees were more knowledgeable about CRC (p = 0.001).

Conclusion In a reference cancer center, the staff members who work directly with patients as well as those with higher levels of schooling have a satisfactory level of knowledge regarding CRC prevention and screening.
Clinical Profile of Patients with Inflammatory Bowel Diseases in a Private Service
Authors: Zabot Gilmara Pandolfo , Perera Maria Gabriela , Pinheiro Cíntia Ribeiro , Prola Éveny Moraes , Müller Sofia Costa , Ferreira Paulo Cezar Muxfeldt , Cassol Ornella Sari
Published: September 2024

Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD), including Crohn's disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC), are chronic inflammatory conditions affecting the digestive tract. This study examines 188 IBD patients in a private healthcare service in Canoas/RS, Brazil, aiming to understand their clinical profiles.

Most patients were young adults, primarily white, with more women affected. Both CD and UC patients commonly experienced diarrhea, but blood in stools was more prevalent in UC. CD mostly affected the small intestine, while UC involved the rectum or extended through the colon. The diagnosis was prompt, with most CD cases diagnosed within six months and UC cases within twelve months of symptom onset. Family histories of IBD and colorectal cancer were observed, particularly in CD patients. Extraintestinal manifestations were more frequent in CD. Elevated CRP levels were common in CD, while FC values were elevated in both groups. Treatment approaches differed, with 5-ASA primarily used in UC and immunomodulators in CD. Biological therapy was less commonly employed initially.

This study aligns with global IBD trends in demographics, symptoms, and disease locations. Early diagnosis likely results from specialized private healthcare, emphasizing the importance of timely diagnosis and tailored treatment.
Enhanced luminescence of oxygen atoms in solid molecular nitrogen nanoclusters
Authors: Korostyshevskyi O. , Wetzel C. K. , Lee D. M. , Khmelenko V. V.
Published: September 2024

We studied luminescence accompanied an injection of the nitrogen-helium gas mixture after passing discharge into dense cold helium gas. Initially, when the experimental beaker was filled with superfluid helium and the nitrogen-helium gas was injected into bulk superfluid helium at T ≈ 1.5 K, the dominant band in the emission spectra was the α-group of nitrogen atoms. At these conditions, the nanoclusters of molecular nitrogen with high concentrations of stabilized nitrogen atoms were formed. When superfluid helium was evaporated from the beaker and the temperature at the bottom of the beaker was increased to T ≈ 20 K, we observed a drastic change in the luminescence spectra. The β-group of oxygen atoms was dominated in the luminescence spectra, and the emission of the α-group became small. At high temperatures (T ≈ 20 K), most of the nitrogen atoms recombine on the surface of N2 nanoclusters with the formation of excited nitrogen molecules. We explained the effect of the enhancement of β-group emission by effective energy transfer from excited nitrogen molecules to the stabilized impurity oxygen atom inside N2 nanoclusters.
Electrically insulating thermal interface material with ultrahigh thermal conductivity enabled by vertical boron nitride fibers
Authors: Yang Haoran , Tuersun Yisimayili , Luo Pingjun , Chen Yixin , Huang Xu , Huang Qi , Chen Xuechen , Chu Sheng
Published: September 2024

With the increasing integration levels of modern electronic products, effective thermal management has become a critical concern to ensure the operational efficiency and longevity of electronic devices. Developing thermal interface materials that possess both high thermal conductivity (κ) and reliable insulation properties has presented a significant challenge. In this study, boron nitride fibers (BNF) with a substantial length-to-diameter ratio were fabricated to serve as vertically aligned thermal conduction channels within a composite pad containing a silicone gel matrix.Under typical packing pressure conditions, the resulting BNF pad exhibits an exceptionally high through-plane thermal conductivity (40 vol. %: κ⊥ = 16.77 W/mK). Additionally, the BNF pad demonstrates favorable mechanical and dielectric properties, enhancing its versatility and applicability. The results of actual heat dissipation tests further validate the excellent thermal management capabilities of these composites in high-power electronic applications.