bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Relevance of Norms and Psychometric Properties of Three Standardised Visual Perceptual Tests for Children Attending Mainstream Schools in Gauteng
Authors: Harris Monique , Franzsen Denise , De Witt Patricia A.
Published: January 2022

ABSTRACT INTRODUCTION: Occupational therapists routinely assess children's visual perceptual and visual-motor integration skills. To determine visual perception and visual-motor integration dysfunction, occupational therapists use standardised visual perceptual assessment instruments. For accurate results, the norms used to evaluate the outcomes of the tests need to reflect the ability of the population on which they are used This study aimed to determine the comparison of scores for a sample of 6 to 9 year old South African children attending schools in middle socio-economic urban areas, to American norms on standardised visual perceptual tests - the Test of Visual Perceptual Skills Third Edition (TVPS-3), the Developmental Test of Visual Perception - Third Edition (DTVP-3) and the Developmental Test of Visual-Motor integration - Sixth Edition (Beery VMI-6). METHOD: A cross-sectional, quantitative design was utilised. Forty-eight children aged 6 years 0 months to 9 years 11 months participated in the study. The TVPS-3, DTVP-3 and Beery VMI-6 were administered to each participant as prescribed RESULTS: The scores for the typical children fell within the American norms reported for all three tests. The DTVP-3, TVPS-3 and Beery VMI-6 were found to show little convergence in the scores but exhibited adequate internal consistency for the South African sample CONCLUSION: The scores on the DTVP-3, TVPS-3 and Beery VMI-6 for South African children were similar to the American norms in identifying visual perceptual and VMI dysfunction and are suitable for use with children attending schools in a middle socio-economic urban area Keywords: Visual perception, visual-motor integration, standardised tests, TVPS-3, DTVP-3, Beery VMI-6.
Integration of complete elemental mass-balanced stoichiometry and aqueous-phase chemistry for bioprocess modelling of liquid and solid waste treatment systems – Part 5: Ionic speciation
Authors: CJ Brouckaert  , BM Brouckaert  , GA Ekama
Published: January 2022

Where aqueous ionic chemistry is combined with biological chemistry in a bioprocess model, it is advantageous to deal with the very fast ionic reactions in an equilibrium sub-model, as was frequently mentioned in the preceding papers in this series. This last paper in the series presents details of how of such an equilibrium speciation sub-model can be implemented, based on well-known open-source aqueous chemistry models. Specific characteristics of the speciation calculations which can be exploited to reduce the computational burden are highlighted. The approach is illustrated using the ionic equilibrium sub-model of a plant-wide wastewater treatment model as an example.
Predicting the head leakage behaviour of cracks in pipe elbows
Authors: Moustafa S Darweesh
Published: January 2022

In this study, finite element analysis (SAP2000 program) was used to investigate the relationship between the pressure and leakage area in 90° pipe elbows with longitudinal, spiral, and circumferential cracks. The results show that leakage areas expand linearly as the internal pressure increases and its inclination is called the pressure–area slope (m). A sensitivity study was conducted to recognize the influence of different parameters (inside diameter, wall thickness, modulus of elasticity, longitudinal stress, Poisson’s ratio, and finally crack orientation) on both m and leakage exponent (N). The results reveal that the elasticity modulus has the dominant impact on m, followed by elbow wall thickness, and then elbow inside-diameter. The Poisson’s ratio and the longitudinal stress have an insignificant influence on m. Moreover, the slope m varies more in the longitudinal and spiral cracks than the circumferential cracks. The amount of leakage through the different cracks is a function of the internal pressure raised to an exponent ranging from 0.5 to 1.01. An attempt was made to find empirical equations to express the pressure–area slope as a function of elbow properties and crack orientation. The study’s findings were checked against numerical and experimental results and good correlations were obtained.
Patrimoines et citoyennetés
Authors: TORNATORE Jean-Louis
Published: January 2022

Ce texte écrit en 2016 constitue une de mes premières formulations de l’hypothèse contre-hégémonique du patrimoine, examinée ici en éclairant la relation entre patrimoine et citoyenneté. Sans résoudre la question de savoir si cette hypothèse peut donner lieu à l’expérimentation d’une radicalité patrimoniale, particulièrement au sein de situations radicales telles que les ZAD, j’avance qu’à tout le moins, elle se doit d’engager une triple réévaluation : comme politique de l’héritage, comme politique de l’attention et comme politique d’expression des dissensus.
Rapport au chez-soi et manières d’habiter
Authors: DE BLIGNIÈRES Mathilde
Published: January 2022

L’article offre des pistes de réflexion sur la fabrique ordinaire d’expériences citoyennes à partir d’un travail d’enquête mené auprès d’habitants de la ville est-africaine au mitan des années 2000. En proie à de fortes réhabilitations, la ville enquêtée est ici perçue comme un espace public aliénant qui nécessite des adaptations rapides et incessantes de la part des habitants, ainsi que des ruptures à l’échelle des sociabilités en place. L’observation de certaines manières d’habiter chez-soi, au sein des routines quotidiennes domestiques, permet de mettre en lumière certaines prises d’autonomie individuelles. En dépit des contraintes, l’observation de ces pratiques et représentations du quotidien, comme le maintien de rituels domestiques, le détournement de certains usages urbains, le rappel de la trajectoire résidentielle et les rêves de maison, montre et libère des espaces exploratoires et encore peu investis de négociation et de production citoyenne.
The Relationship between School Administrators’ Leadership Traits and Learning Schools: A Meta-Analysis Study
Authors: ALANOĞLU Müslim , KARABATAK Songül
Published: January 2022

School administrators’ leadership characteristics are crucial in creating a learning school. Therefore, this study aimed to examine the relationship between transformational leadership characteristics and the learning school using meta-analysis. For this purpose, individual studies suitable for inclusion criteria were determined. In this context, we examined the studies between the years 2000 and 2020 on the relationship between school administrators’ transformational leadership characteristics and learning schools. Studies including correlation coefficient, t value, and sample size were covered to calculate the effect size required for meta-analysis. A total of 20 effect sizes were included in the 19 studies. In the study, analyses of forest plots, publication bias, heterogeneity, and subgroup tests were performed. The random-effects model conducted in the study determined that the overall effect size was positive and strong. The subgroup analysis showed that the country variable was the source of heterogeneity in effect sizes, while the publication type was not. The study revealed that leadership characteristics are significant predictors of learning school and one of the most critical leadership styles to create a learning school is transformational leadership. Policymakers and practitioners have essential duties in transforming schools into learning schools. Therefore, school administrators who want to turn their schools into learning organizations should always be supported by those who produce education policies.
Dynamic Microglial Activation is Associated with LPS-induced Depressive-like Behavior in Mice: An [18F] DPA-714 PET Imaging Study
Authors: Qiu Tian , Guo Jiamei , Wang Lixia , Shi Lei , Ai Ming , Zhu Xia , Peng Zhiping , Kuang Li
Published: January 2022

Major depressive disorder (MDD) is a highly pervasive, severe psychological condition for which the precise underlying pathophysiology is incompletely understood, although microglial activation is known to play a role in this context. In this study we analyzed the association between neuroinflammation and depressive-like behaviors in a lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced mouse model system using 10-12-week-old male C57BL/6 mice. Microglial activation and associated neuroinflammatory activity were monitored via positron emission tomography (PET) imaging. Animals were assessed at three time points, including 24 h prior to LPS injection, 24 h post-LPS injection, and 72 h post-LPS injection. Analyses of microglial activation and hippocampal neuroinflammation were conducted through [18]F DPA-714 PET imaging and immunohistochemical staining for ionized calcium-binding adapter molecule 1 (Iba-1) and translocator protein (TSPO). Moreover, NOD-like receptor protein 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome activity and interleukin-1β (IL-1β) levels were assessed at 24 h post-LPS injection. We found that LPS treatment was associated with a marked increase in depressive-like behavior at 24 h post-injection time point, and that it was less pronounced at the 72 h post-injection time point. These changes coincided with enhanced [18F] DPA-714 PET uptake in the whole brain, hippocampus, cortex and amygdala together with increased hippocampal microglial activation as evidenced by immunofluorescent staining. By 72 h post-injection, however, these PET and immunofluorescence phenotypes had returned to baseline levels. Furthermore, increased NLRP3 inflammasome activation and IL-1β expression were evident at 24 h post-LPS injection. These data demonstrate that dynamic microglial activation is associated with LPS-induced depressive-like behaviors and hippocampal neuroinflammation in a mouse model system.
To compare postoperative astigmatism and visual outcome following phacoemulsification versus Manual Small Incision Cataract Surgery (MSICS) seen at tertiary care center
Authors: Priyanka Priyanka , Khalid Khan , Mansi Kishnani , Mihika Dube
Published: January 2022

Purpose: To compare postoperative astigmatism and visual outcome following phacoemulsification versus Manual Small Incision Cataract Surgery (MSICS) seen at a tertiary care center. Method: A total of 100 patients were enrolled in this retrospective study. Group A included 50 patients undergoing phacoemulsification surgery and group B included 50 patients undergoing MSICS. The outcome was evaluated in both techniques in terms of astigmatic profile and visual outcome at post-operative day 1 and 3 months. Results: The mean age was 60 ± 1.84 years in the phacoemulsification group and 61 ± 1.25 years in the MSICS group. In the phacoemulsification group, 60% were male patients as compared with 40% female patients while MSICS group included 62% female patients and 38 % male patients. The initial visual recovery on the first postoperative day was better in the patients who underwent phacoemulsification, with the uncorrected visual acuity better than or equal to 6/18 in 94% of the patients, whereas the percentage was 72% in the MSICS group. At three months, 80% of the patients in the MSICS group had uncorrected visual acuity better than or equal to 6/18 versus 88% of the patients in the phacoemulsification group. The mean astigmatism was 0.808 ± 0.39D in the phaco group and 1.565 ± 0.51D in the MSICS group, p-value significant (0.0001). Conclusion: Both phacoemulsification and MSICS achieved comparable and excellent visual outcomes. However, MSICS appears to be more advantageous than phacoemulsification in terms of speed, cost and independence from technology and appears to be more suitable for mass surgery especially in developing countries.
The role of interleukin-17 in spondyloarthropathies and systemic lupus erythematosus: Two clinical cases in real
Authors: Paula Antunes , Rita Costa , Ana Gorgulho , António Marinho
Published: January 2022

Spondyloarthropathies are known to affect the interleukin (IL)-17 activation pathway as a basis of their pathology, as is apparent from the literature. Recent studies established the vital role of IL-17 in the treatment of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE). This article aims to demonstrate the efficacy and safety of IL-17 in the treatment of both spondyloarthropathies and SLE by presenting two cases. The first case concerns a 30-year-old woman who was initially diagnosed with SLE. In the course of the disease, she developed spondyloarthritis and genital psoriasis. She was initially medicated with secukinumab but maintained severe genital psoriasis, the reason it was changed to ixekizumab with great improvement. The second case refers to a 40-year-old woman who previously had spondyloarthropathy with D12 enthesitis and sacroiliitis. Initial treatment with adalimumab led to a lupus-like syndrome, with persistent high systemic inflammatory response syndrome and extreme fatigue. Because of the recrudescence of axial complaints, secukinumab was started and the patient evolved with a global clinical response. Thus, the authors present two cases of spondyloarthropathy and SLE that document the efficacy and safety of IL- 17 blockers, which can lead to the incorporation of these agents in the treatment of SLE.
Is photographic posture analysis and trunk control different in hemiparetic and diparetic children with cerebral palsy?
Authors: Betul Erbay , Nilay Comuk Balci
Published: January 2022

Objective: Photographic posture analysis is a useful, inexpensive, time-efficient, and non-invasive method to assess posture. The primary purpose of this study was to compare PPA and trunk control between children with Diparetic and Hemiparetic Cerebral Palsy (CP). Methods: Fifty-two children with hemiparetic and diparetic CP whose GMFCS levels I and II were compared with PPA in sitting position and also trunk control was measured with Trunk Control Measurement Scale (TCMS). Results: There was no scientific difference in craniovertebral angle, sagittal head tilt, sagittal shoulder-C7 angle, thoracic kyphosis angle, coronal head tilt, coronal shoulder angle, coronal pelvic angle in PPA and TCMS between groups (p>0.05), however, there was a scientific difference in lumbar lordosis angle in PPA between the groups (p<0.05). Conclusion: Lumbar lordosis is more common in children with hemiparetic CP than diparetic CP. It can be thought that this situation requires children to change their body biomechanics to compensate their affected sides more than the children with diparetic CP. The physicians should take care of the postural alignment of the lumbar and pelvic girdle of hemiparetic CP. We think that muscle strength, muscle shortness, and other lower extremity biomechanics that could increase lordosis should be examined in detail in hemiparetic CP regardless of where the origin of lumbar lordosis (pelvis or lumbar region).
Viola odorata
Authors: Simić Siniša , Aćimović Milica , Vidović Senka , Banožić Marija , Vladić Jelena
Published: January 2022

This study aimed at examining the effect of supercritical carbon dioxide
(ScCO2) extraction on the subsequent extraction of the Viola odorata polar
bioactive components. The raw material was firs submitted to ScCO2 extraction
for the extraction of the lipophilic fraction. Then the exhausted raw material
was subjected to ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE) and microwave-assisted
extraction (MAE) in order to extract the polar components. ScCO2 extraction
was performed under the pressure of 300 bar and at a temperature of 40 °C for
4 hours. In order to see the effect of ScCO2, the UAE and MAE (50% aqueous
ethanol solution as solvent) were conducted on both exhausted (residue-after
the ScCO2) and unexploited raw materials. Also, the impact of the various UAE
and MAE conditions was tested. The UAE was conducted on two different
temperatures (40 and 50 °C) at the constant extraction time (40 and 20 min).
MAE was conducted on two different extraction powers (470 and 800 W) and
at the constant extraction time (10 min). The results were focused on the
content of total phenols, total flavonoids and antioxidant activity of the
obtained extracts. The yield during the ScCO2 process was 1.43% (w/w). It was
noted that the extracts obtained by applying UAE and MAE after the ScCO2
were noticeably richer in the content of total phenols. UAE conditions of 40 °C
and 20 min showed the highest yield of total phenols, recording 70.38 mg
GAE/g DE, while the MAE at the power of 470 W achieved 11.89% higher
yield of polyphenols in residue extracts. The antioxidant activity has also been
in correlation with the concentration of polyphenols.
Remedial Measures to Rectify Blackspot on National Highway
Authors: Patil Pallavi , Suryawanshi Nagesh , Kulkarni Sushma
Published: January 2022

Road safety becomes a major concern for the regulatory authorities in India. Indian road safety situation is many times worse when compared to the developed countries of the world, leaving much to be done in the field of Road Safety Management. Road safety is defined as the absence of crashes, injuries, and fatalities. The term "safety" implies that there are no occurrences of accidents. The present study was conducted to identify the blackspot stretch on which Injury frequency and severity rate are more. Blackspot is a stretch of National Highway of about 500 m in Length in which either 5 road accidents (in all three years put together involving fatalities/ grievous injuries) took place during the last 3 calendar years or 10 fatalities (in all three years put together) took place during the last 3 calendar years. From the traffic survey, it was found that since 2015-2020 the area near MIET College is not safe for the riders. Statically Casualties occurred shows that 12 % cases related to Fatality, 38% cases related to Minor injury, and 50 % cases have been constituted for Major injury. MIET College area is located at Chainage 500+740 wherein it is located at the ‘At-Grade’ Intersection. In the present paper, the attempt is made to provide a practical Solution to rectify Blackspot. It includes providing Short-term and Long-Term Remedial Measures. Remedial measures suggested combating the fatalities with exponential scale and ensuring the safety of identified blackspots.
Analysis of Mixture Paste of Cassava Peel and Pineapple Peel as Electrolytes in Bio Battery
Authors: Sitanggang Julia Elisabeth , Latifah Nur Zahra , Sopian Opi , Saputra Ziyan , Nandiyanto Asep Bayu Dani , Anggraeni Sri
Published: January 2022

This study investigated the effect of the ratio of the electrolyte paste mixture of cassava peel (CP) and pineapple peel (PP) on the voltage and current strength. In the experiments, prior to using, CP and PP biomass waste was cleaned then soaked for 30 minutes. Furthermore, the biomass waste is mashed and put into the test media according to the comparison. In this study, CP/PP compositions were varied with the value of 100: 0, 75:25, 50:50, 25:75, and 0: 100. The results showed that the highest electrolyte obtained by voltage and current strength with a ratio of 100: 0. The more CP comparisons used, the greater the voltage and strong current. This research is potentially used as one of the renewable alternative energies and can utilize existing biomass waste.This study investigated the effect of the ratio of the electrolyte paste mixture of cassava peel (CP) and pineapple peel (PP) on the voltage and current strength. In the experiments, prior to using, CP and PP biomass waste was cleaned then soaked for 30 minutes. Furthermore, the biomass waste is mashed and put into the test media according to the comparison. In this study, CP/PP compositions were varied with the value of 100: 0, 75:25, 50:50, 25:75, and 0: 100. The results showed that the highest electrolyte obtained by voltage and current strength with a ratio of 100: 0. The more CP comparisons used, the greater the voltage and strong current. This research is potentially used as one of the renewable alternative energies and can utilize existing biomass waste
Foldable Bed Design Concept for COVID-19 Patient: A Machine Design Case Study
Authors: Muryanti Laely , Fitria Laela Nur , Hanaya Glenn , Triawan Farid
Published: January 2022

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has become a serious problem around the world. The pandemic has given several bad impacts, especially in the medical operation. Hospitals are facing problems in which they are lacking the patient bed facility. The objective of this paper is to propose an adjustable medical bed that can be folded as a chair for COVID-19 patients. This foldable bed is employing the hydraulic system as the lifting mechanism. It can raise up from 0.62 to 1 meter height and withstand loads up to 400 kg. Other supporting features and mechanisms will be explained in this paper. Furthermore, the theoretical strength analyses of this proposed design are conducted under the static and fatigue loading. In the static analysis, the safety factor due to the normal and shear stress is 7.5 based on the Maximum Shear Stress failure criterion theorem. Meanwhile, in the fatigue analysis, the safety factor based on the Modified Goodman and ASME-Eliptic criteria are 3.6 and 3.9, respectively. The infinite life of this design is predicted. In addition, this paper is expected to be used as a reference for developing a more reliable design for COVID-19 patients due to lack of bed facilities.
Pollutant Emissions from Brick Kilns and Their Effects on Climate Change and Agriculture
Authors: Asif Muhammad , Saleem Sobia , Tariq Anum , Usman Muhammad , Haq Rida Ahtizaz Ul
Published: January 2022

Continuous increase in population has resulted in increased demand for building material. Bricks are the major building material and are a fast-growing industrial sector in many countries such as Pakistan, China, India, and Bangladesh. Despite its integral role, it is among the top three factors that cause the emission of harmful pollutants that not only affect our climate and human health but also effecting agriculture sectors to a great extent. Brick kilns emit gases like SO2, CO, Black Carbon, CO2, NOx, PM, etc., that affect our biotic and abiotic components of the ecosystem. So, the objective of this paper is twofold. Firstly, it has been focused on the pollutants emissions from brick kilns, their effects on climate and agriculture sectors. Secondly, the possible techniques have been discussed that can be used to reduce or eliminate its harmful impacts. It was found that the pollutant emissions from brick kilns like SOx, NOx, CO2, CO, unburnt hydrocarbons, Particulate matter, heavy metal, and various other compounds have a significant effect on the surrounding environment, climate and agriculture field in the vicinity of brick kilns. If the proper technology for reducing pollutants will not be installed in the brick kiln, there might be a serious disadvantage of climate and especially in the agriculture field in the vicinity of brick kilns.
The Design, Construction, and Expert Appraisal of A 220v Inverter
Authors: Obielodan Omotayo Olabo , Onojah Amos Ochayi , Iyiola Olayinka Blessing , Onojah Adenike Aderogba , Taiwo Simon Ayoola
Published: January 2022

This project is about the design and construction of a 220 volts inverter at a frequency of 50Hz. The device is constructed with locally sourced components and materials of regulated standards. The basic principle of its operation is a simple conversion of 12V DC from a battery using integrated circuits and semiconductors at a frequency of 50Hz, into a 220V AC across the windings of a transformer. A battery charger is used to charge the battery using an intelligent digital display charger. This project (device) offers a better alternative to Public Power Supply, Generators as well as UPS considering it is cost-effective, noiseless, and easy maintainability. It was concluded that the inverter was constructed with considerable cost, available and reliable components rather than the more exorbitant unavailable ones. It was however recommended that the Government at various levels should encourage engineering practice by financing and training engineering within and outside the country for the benefit of the students and the nation at large.
Comparative Study on Extraction of Humic Acid from Pakistani Coal Samples by Oxidizing the Samples with Hydrogen Peroxide
Authors: Asif Muhammad
Published: January 2022

Humic Acid is soil conditioning agent, which is used for improving the soil chemistry, plant root growth and related metabolism. Pakistan is an agricultural country and about 70% of population is directly or indirectly linked to the agricultural sector. Coal is considered one of the most appropriate raw materials for humic acid. The yield of extracted humic acid from coal is inversely proportional to the rank of coal. Since, majority of Pakistani coals are of low rank, extraction of humic acid from indigenous coal may be one of the non-fuels uses of coal. Three different coal sample from Thar, Dukki and Chamalong coalfields were treated with 3% H2O2 solution for determining the impact of oxidation on humic acid yield. The yield of humic acid from H2O2 treated samples were as follows; 2.5% for Chamalong coal sample, 16.5% from Dukki, and 35% from Thar coal sample. Thar coal sample, being the lowest in rank among all experimented coal samples, yielded higher fraction of humic acid.
Galileo-E5a Bandwidth Frequency Filter Design for Galileo-E5a Receiver
Authors: Mekpradab Teerachet , Onanong Narumol , Chinnapark Surachet , Pattameak Julongkorn , Kenpankho Prasert
Published: January 2022

This study focused on the design of the band-reject filter on the frequency of the Galileo satellite by providing bandwidth at the cut-off frequency equal to the bandwidth of the Galileo-E5a. The selecting of response characteristic is Butterworth's maximally flat, amplitude-frequency response of the band-reject filter. This poster shows the combination of the LPF and HPF to perform a band-reject filter. Therefore, there are two combinations also in designing for the band-reject filter. This combination aims to influence the performance of the band-reject filter. Band rejects filter design using the frequency of the Galileo-E5a with bandwidth is 25 MHz.using a Butterworth filter which is presented in this poster. The circuit is composed 3rd.order.Moreover, the combination between LPF and HPF is designed to act as a band-reject filter. As a  result, we can filter the frequency of Galileo-E5a by using the band-reject filter.
Bioplastic from Seaweeds (Eucheuma Cottonii) as an Alternative Plastic
Authors: Consebit Karylle Lyra , Dermil Kenneth Cole , Magbanua Emmanuel Yuri , Racadio Frenz Janna , Saavedra Shea Verni , Abusama Hassanal , Valdez Anamarie
Published: January 2022

This study aims to determine the capability of seaweed (Eucheuma cottonii) as a bioplastic material on varying concentrations of glycerine (10, 20, and 30mL) in terms of (1) tensile strength, and (2) biodegradability. In making the bioplastic, the researchers dried and extracted several seaweeds, used glycerine as the plasticizer, water as the solvent, corn-starch as the thickener, and vinegar to help the starch dissolve easily. After mixing all the ingredients on a hot pan, we placed them on a flat surface lined with foil as soon as possible before the product starts to solidify. It took 3-4 days to harden, depending on how thick the product is. The results in testing the tensile strength revealed that the less amount of glycerine allowed the harder bioplastic produced. The biodegradability test showed that glycerine components caused the plastics to differ in size, shape, moisture, texture, and how fast they degrade, as well as the tensile strength. However, in testing biodegradability, there is no significant difference in the level of glycerine concentration. This study presents how the seaweed bioplastic was created, what it contributes to the community, and how the ecosystem benefits from it, such as reducing the usage of synthetic plastic.
Review of Applications of Ground Penetrating Radar as an NDT Tool
Authors: A. Pandharpatte Priyanka , D. Adake Ashutosh , R Sapkal Neha , Maske M. M.
Published: January 2022

Ground-penetrating radar (also referred to as GPR, ground probing radar, or georadar) is a near-surface geophysical tool with a wide range of applications. Over the past 30 years, GPR has been used successfully to aid in constraining problems in diverse fields such as archaeology, environmental site characterization, glaciology, hydrology, land mine/unexploded ordinance detection, sedimentology, and structural geology. In many cases, however, GPR surveys have been planned or executed with little or no understanding of the physical basis by which GPR operates and is constrained. As a result, many unsuccessful GPR studies have also been presented or published over the past 30 years. The objectives of this primer are to (1) provide an introduction to the important variables pertinent to GPR and (2) explain the relevant aspects of these variables in GPR acquisition, in an attempt to provide fundamental knowledge for improving GPR usage in the future.
Design-Construction of a Solar Cell Energy Water Pump as a Clean Water Source for People in Sirnajaya Village, Gununghalu District
Authors: Irawan A. K. , Rusdiana D. , Setiawan W. , Purnama W. , Fauzi R. M. , Fauzi S. A. , Alfani A. H.F. , Arfiyogo M. R.
Published: January 2022

The purpose of this study is to analyse the performance of the solar panels and batteries used to operate the water pump. The results will be used for the application of water pump energy sources in Sirnajaya village, Gununghalu district. The method used to analyse is experimental. The data of the voltage generated by the solar cell and the data of the batteries voltage are collected every hour for six days. Then collect the data of the duration for filling up the water container 500 litres. Results show that the solar panels generate the highest voltage at 12.00 with an average voltage of 19,1 VDC, at 13.00 with an average voltage of 19,1 VDC, and at 14.00 with an average voltage of 18,9 VDC. The result related to the batteries voltage when charging shows the highest voltage at 12.00 with an average voltage of 14,0 VDC, at 13.00 with an average voltage of 14,1 VDC, and 14.00 with an average voltage of 14,1 VDC. The duration for filling up the 500-litre water container takes 60 minutes. These results come because of the various intensity of the sun and the position of the sun against the solar panels which give an impact to the voltage value from the solar panels and the batteries. This study gives impacts on the application of solar panels for various uses.
Mechanisms of a 3-axis CNC machine design and experiment
Authors: Guerfi Youcef , Khechekhouche Abderrahmane , Far Ismail , Kiati Ishak , Chekima Antar
Published: January 2022

CNC technology has become a requirement in the industrial world without complying with educational, pedagogical and private ratings. Manufacturers of this type of machine are trying to conform with the marketing requirements in terms of quality, price and quantity, so the CNC machine can meet the requirements and has acquired a leading position. The study and design of the three-axis CNC machine are based on the Fusion 360 software for the design and PROTEUS software for simulation to perfect our device.
The Effects of Problem-based Learning in Students Reading Comprehension for Mastering the Content and Vocabulary Acquisition
Authors: Sidik Hazwani , Masek Alias
Published: January 2022

English reading comprehension is the most crucial language abilities in colleges where English is learned as a second language. A vigorous and powerful reading ability is certainly crucial in primary studies for students to accomplish in advanced education. However, the method in which they are instructed through lecture and paper pencil’s method were less relevant and effective in 21st Century. Students become passive, demotivated, bored, and feeling shy by the conventional teaching and learning. The purpose of this study is to examine the effectiveness of problem-based learning (PBL) on student’s English reading comprehension for mastering the contents and vocabulary acquisition. The study used a quantitative data where using an experimental pre-posttest design and the independent t-test and one-way ANOVA has been performed to test the hypothesis of the studies. The result indicated that there were statistically significant differences between the experimental and control groups for student’s reading comprehension for mastering the content and vocabulary acquisition using PBL. The results showed that the students who received PBL learning approached achieved higher performance outcome than student who is not received the PBL approach
Perceptions of Millennials on Filipino Superstitious Belief
Authors: Besa Adonis S. , Abusama Hassanal P. , Lao Genebelle M. , Abraham Elyza G. , Cruz Fareeda De la , Duldulao Sheena L. , Perocho Seth Nahzier S.
Published: January 2022

This study aims to cater to the millennials' perceptions of Filipino Superstitious Beliefs and how they can affect one person's behavior and performance. The study investigated the following questions: (1) What are the reasons why the chosen respondents believe in superstitions? (2) What are the effects of superstitions on the lives of millennials? (3) What are the perspectives of millennials nowadays on some Filipino superstitious beliefs? (4) How can superstitious beliefs affect one person’s performance and behavior? We used the qualitative method, specifically phenomenological in the research design. We conducted interviews and questionnaires. Data was recorded, analyzed, classified, and organized using necessary measurements and analyses. Believing in superstitions can be one of the basic traditions that are taught to Filipinos while they growing up. It is proven that not all millennials have forgotten the sense of believing in some Filipino superstitious beliefs.  All responses from the participants had different senses of values. They also do have the same idea on how they can give back respect to our ancestors. Being superstitious can influence perspectives, giving impact to everything for making execution and decision. Indeed, it is on a specific test to the response to fake treatments. The study found out that millennials still believe in the power of superstitions based on their experiences, the traditions of their old ones, or even the ancestors. This study is an approach to clarify the understanding of superstitions in the current time.
Vocational Education Curriculum: Between Vocational Education and Industrial Needs
Authors: Rosina Hani , Virgantina Virgantina , Ayyash Yahyaa , Dwiyanti Vina , Boonsong Sutthiporn
Published: January 2022

This study aims to describe curriculum development in vocational education based on the development of Information Technology and the needs of the industrial world. This study used the literature review method from scientific articles in ten years (from 2011 to 2021) using several specific keywords to obtain the data needed. The results of this study showed that vocational schools in Indonesia need to form graduates who have soft skills and hard skills that have a match or conformity with the business and industries. Thus, vocational education graduates when entering the real world will not have difficulties adapting to the development of technology in the industry.  Based on this study, any incompatibility in the community and special skills can be avoided through the implementation of a vocational education curriculum.
Predictors of COVID-19 Vaccine Hesitancy and Its Relation to the Educational Background in Pakistan
Authors: Munir Muhammad Daniyal , Afzaal Hamza , Sajjid Muhammad Hamdan , Anwar Saiqa , Shabbir Muhammad Hassan
Published: January 2022

We identify groups most at risk of ambiguity and reluctance to take a COVID-19 vaccination in a large sample of Pakistani people. A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted to poll the Pakistani population on their views regarding COVID-19 vaccinations acceptance. COVID-19 vaccination acceptance among the general public in Pakistan was poor 37.8%. Multivariate analysis showed that participants who had received their Influenza vaccination in recent years are more likely to show their interest in COVID-19 vaccination acceptance. A similar pattern emerged among individuals who thought vaccinations are usually safe and showed their willingness to pay for vaccines. In contrast, individuals over 45, and those unemployed, were less likely to accept the COVID-19 vaccine. Adopting COVID-19 vaccinations was also less probable among individuals who thought there was a conspiracy behind them. Public health officials must take systematic steps to decrease vaccination apprehension and increase vaccine uptake. They should be concerned about the low rate of acceptance and the need for additional research into the underlying reasons and awareness efforts. These measures should include restoring public confidence in national health authorities and organized awareness efforts that provide clear information regarding vaccination safety, effectiveness, and manufacturing.
Designing an Educational Website regarding Recycling of Plastic Waste into Roads
Authors: Soegoto Eddy Suryanto , Ramana J. M. , Rafif L. S.
Published: January 2022

Plastic waste is closely related to the environment, which is also related to human life. The impact of waste that we can feel is flooding. Plastic waste is very difficult to decompose naturally; thus, it has not been a serious concern due to the lack of human awareness of the environment. The purpose of this research is to educate the public so that plastic waste can be processed into something useful by recycling it into paving blocks for roads. The research method used was qualitative research methods. This study discusses the design of an educational website about recycling waste into roads. This website aims to educate the public to be more concerned about the environment by utilizing waste by recycling it into roads. This research’s discussion is the design of an educational website about waste recycling for the community and create a community that cares about the environment. The benefit of this research is to create a society that cares about the environment and can process their plastic waste independently.
Barriers Limiting the Use of Google Classroom for Learning Vocational and Entrepreneurship Courses
Authors: Joshua Adigun Boluwatife , Olabo Obielodan Omotayo , Ochayi Onojah Amos , Musiliu Aderoju Adekola , Aderogba Onojah Adenike
Published: January 2022

The dream of every undergraduate is to get a fascinated well-paid Job after school. One of the courses that could aid students’ employment is the vocational and entrepreneurship courses. Due to the high number of students who partake in this course, some technologies were employed for the instructional process. One of such is the Google classroom. However, there are some complains from students on these learning technological platforms. This study therefore investigates the barriers limiting the use of google classroom for learning vocational and entrepreneurship courses. This study employs the survey method, and 250 undergraduates were purposively sampled. The findings established that Poor power supply, loss of class control, High cost of purchasing relevant materials, Lack of adequate support system and laziness encouragement are barriers that hinder students’ use of google classroom for learning vocational and entrepreneurship courses. The study concluded that some barriers which hinders students from using Google classroom for learning should be resolved. It was however recommended that the use of google classroom should be encouraged in schools, not only for learning vocational and entrepreneurship courses but for other courses.
Construction Process of Robotic Devices to Teach Aspect of Auto Mechanic in Nigeria Basic Schools
Authors: Babalola Ebenezer Omolafe , Omolafe Eyiyemi Veronica
Published: January 2022

The 21st-century world is powered by technology. The education of any nation is to empower the citizens to fit successfully into society. The 21st-century world is ruled by information, only individuals with the ability and skills to utilize modern digital tools to access and generate information and knowledge can perform in the global work atmosphere. The technologies of today have completely changed the learning environment. People in the 21st century live in a technology and media-suffused environment, marked by access to an abundance of information, rapid changes in technology tools. To be effective in the 21st century, an individual must be able to exhibit a range of functional and critical thinking skills related to information, media, and technology. Technology has become more powerful and universal and this has provided educators with valuable tools to support learning. The utilization of technological devices in education has become familiar with the fast advance of technology in the 21st century. We can see a high potential particularly in technical tools which will develop the imagination and creative thinking of students. There is a need of implementing the content of the curriculum through robotic devices. In the light of this view, this study shows the construction process of robotic instructional devices to teach aspects of Auto Mechanic in Nigeria basic schools.
Science Education for Students with Special Needs in Indonesia: From Definition, Systematic Review, Education System, to Curriculum
Authors: Maryanti Rina , Nandiyanto Asep Bayu Dani , Hufad Achmad , Sunardi S.
Published: January 2022

The purpose of this study is to determine the teaching, curriculum, and methods used by teachers in the science learning process for students with special needs in Indonesia. We use qualitative research methods. The subjects in this study are students with special needs (children with visual impairments, children with hearing impairments, children with intellectual disabilities, and children with physical impairments) at one of the special schools (SLB) in Kuningan, Indonesia. The results show that most of the teachers use the curriculum from teacher books provided by the government. In addition, some teachers used the lecture and question and answer method in the science learning process. The results in low student achievement because students with special needs need concrete media and methods that accommodate student needs.
Perceived Social Responsibility and Vaccine Hesitancy Among Parents of Grade 12 Student in Laboratory High School
Authors: Deximo R.T , Lucero Enaguas G
Published: January 2022

Concerns about vaccine hesitancy are growing worldwide, and now parents are also refusing to vaccinate their children because of vaccination issues even against vaccine-preventable diseases. Hence, this study was conducted to determine the level of vaccine hesitancy and perceived social responsibility in parents and their association with one another. The novelties in this research are (1) Level of Perceived Social Responsibility among Parents, (2) Level of Vaccine Hesitancy among Parents, and (3) Association between the Level of Perceived Social Responsibility and Level of Vaccine Hesitancy. In this study, a quantitative-descriptive research design was used to find out the level of acceptability among the 40 selected parents of Grade 12 students in Sultan Kudarat State University (SKSU) – Laboratory High School. A random sampling technique was utilized in this study. The results implied that the parents have a high level of perceived social responsibility. The results also showed that the parents have a low level of vaccine hesitancy. As to the test of the association between perceived social responsibility and vaccine hesitancy, it shows that there is a statistically significant association between them. Therefore, parents of Grade 12 students have a high level of perceived social responsibility and know that vaccinations are part of their responsibilities as citizens.
The Drilling Method Application Using Abacus to Arithmetic Operations Skills in Student with Hearing Impairment at Special School
Authors: Rusyani Endang , Ratnengsih Een , Putra Andri Syah , Maryanti Rina , Al Husaeni Dwi Fitria , Ragadhita Risti
Published: January 2022

The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of the drilling method application using abacus in improving arithmetic subtraction operations skills in deaf children. This study used an experimental method with Single Subject Research (SSR), A-B-A design. The drilling method was used in the learning process. In addition, the abacus media was also used in the subtraction arithmetic operation material in learning mathematics. The results showed that there was an effect of applying the drilling method using abacus in improving the arithmetic subtraction operation skills in deaf children with the initials SS. This could be seen from the increase in the mean level of student’s abilities starting from baseline-1 (A1) by 30%, intervention (B) by 65%, and baseline-2 (A2) by 86.66%. The methods and media were suitable to make the lesson easier to understand for students. The drilling method with the abacus media could be used as an alternative for teachers in improving the skills of arithmetic subtraction operations in deaf children. The results of this study are expected to contribute to developing special education related to the application of the drilling method using abacus media to improve arithmetic operations skills in learning next math.
Easy-Mushroom Mobile Application Using the Internet of Things (IoT)
Authors: Thapwiroch K. , Kumlue A. , Saoyong N. , Taprasan P. , Puengsungewan S.
Published: January 2022

The cultivation of mushrooms is not a simple task for traditional mushroom farmers, because the productivity of the mushroom farm depends on the ability to regulate the environment surrounding the mushroom farm. In addition, another problem for traditional mushroom farmers is that they cannot grow various types of mushrooms related to marketing. This research presents a mobile application for assisting mushroom farmers to understand the growing situation. The proposed mobile application called the easy mushroom application is based on the Internet of things (IoT) concept. The easy mushroom has been designed to analyse the humidity and light intensity relationship at a specific time. The experimental results show that the Easy-Mushroom mobile application provides a relationship between light intensity, humidity, and tolerance humidity level of mushroom.
Vehicle-Tracking Mobile Application without a GPS Sensor
Authors: Ratsame Priyaporn , Koedsaksit Mojira , Jitsoontron Sompatthana , Jaisamak Unchasa , Puengsungewan Supachai
Published: January 2022

A GPS sensor is the main part of the system in vehicle tracking applications. However, a GPS sensor becomes the limitation of low-cost vehicle tracking applications because a GPS sensor comes with the running cost of our vehicle tracking system. To solve this problem, this paper presents an IoT based concept to track a vehicle without a GPS sensor. To evaluate the proposed concepts, a light sensor and a vibration sensor have been compared to show the real-time data. The proposed algorithm shows that the vibration sensor provides a high accuracy more than a light sensor.