bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of Traffic Efficiency and Energy-Saving Benefits of L3 Smart Vehicles under the Urban Expressway Scenario
Authors: Song Haokun , Zhao Fuquan , Zhu Guangyu , Zhang Haoyi , Liu Zongwei
Published: May 2024

An L3 smart vehicle (L3 SV) could behave differently from human-driven vehicles due to its intelligent configuration and decision-making logic, and may consequently exert influences on traffic flow. In order to clarify the L3 SV’s traffic impacts and accelerate L3 SV implementation, this paper conducted an evaluation on the traffic efficiency and energy consumption influences of L3 SVs based on a microscopic traffic simulation. Taking Beijing as a case, the relevant traffic economic benefits were calculated with the help of the previously proposed traffic economic benefits model. Before modeling L3 SVs, a two-dimensional general modeling architecture for SVs was proposed. According to the architecture, the driving behavior model, as well as behavior selection models of L3 SVs, was eventually determined, based on which the intelligent driving model of L3 SVs was established. Urban expressways were selected as the simulation road type, and scenario analysis was conducted on various proportions of L3 SVs and L3 connected and autonomous vehicles (L3 CAVs), as well as the input traffic flow rates. It was found that L3 SVs can significantly reduce the travel time and energy consumption and enlarge the actual road capacity. The improvement will become particularly prominent under saturated or supersaturated traffic flow and increasing the proportion of L3 SVs and L3 CAVs can also amplify the effect of traffic optimization. The related economic benefit is considerable, which is CNY 3.104 billion a year based on Beijing’s travel and traffic conditions.
Riparian Forests of Alnus Species Communities and Their Role in Sustainability in the Romanian Carpathians and Adjacent Regions
Authors: Mogîldea Daniela , Sahlean Tiberiu C. , Biță-Nicolae Claudia
Published: May 2024

Alnus riparian communities are important for ecological stability. Data on Alnus species were gathered from herbaria and literature, revealing that 54.39% of the information refers to Alnus glutinosa, 39.42% to Alnus incana, and 6.18% to Alnus pubescens. This information highlights the widespread occurrence of A. glutinosa and A. incana, as described in distribution maps, contrasting with the more limited range of the hybrid A. pubescens. Principal component analysis (PCA), utilizing standardized factors, was carried out on 217 relevés of the communities of the studied species. In these relevés, we identified a total of 169 plant species, categorized as herbaceous (83%), trees (11%), and shrubs (6%). Three distinct forest communities, Stellario nemorum-Alnetum glutinosae, Alnetum incanae, and Telekio speciosae-Alnetum incanae, emerged from relevé groups. The distribution maps of the three taxa were overlaid on maps of the region’s protected areas, revealing a substantial presence of these taxa within the protected zones. The research aims to highlight the sustainability and conservation importance of Alnus communities in the Romanian Carpathians, to contribute to ongoing conservation efforts and promote the viability and resilience of these ecologically important wetland habitats.
Mechanisms and Impact Effects of Digital Agriculture Development on Agricultural Eco-Efficiency in China
Authors: Jiang Yu , Feng Zihan , Bo Yuqing
Published: May 2024

The green development of agriculture is an essential way to achieve high-quality agricultural development, and the development of digitalization has given new momentum to the green development of agriculture. In this study, based on the panel data of 30 provinces in China from 2011 to 2022, we measure the agricultural eco-efficiency and the level of digital agriculture development in China using the Super-SBM model with global reference and the entropy value method, respectively. The impact of the level of digital agriculture development on agricultural eco-efficiency is explored with the help of a regression model, and the mediating role of pesticide and fertilizer inputs in this impact pathway is explored using a mediating effects model. The study found that: (1) the level of digital agriculture development positively and significantly affects agricultural eco-efficiency to a relatively large extent; (2) the effect of digital agriculture development on the improvement of agriculture eco-efficiency is significantly heterogeneous in different regions; (3) pesticide and fertilizer inputs have a mediating role in this impact pathway. Therefore, the application and promotion of digital agriculture technology should be strengthened to build a green agricultural production and management system, so as to promote high-quality and sustainable development of Chinese agriculture.
The Water Resources Rebound Effect Threatening the Achievement of Sustainable Development Goal 6 (SDG 6)
Authors: Ge Yingchun , Wang Jing
Published: May 2024

Coaction of climate change and human activities exerts a significant impact on the fate of water resources, provoking the rebound effect in water resources and threatening the achievement of SDG (sustainable development goal) 6. However, the mechanisms of interactions between this effect and SDG 6 and how to decrease this effect towards the achievement of SDG 6 are less known. In this paper, a water resources rebound effect (WRRE) model is integrated into a river basin sustainable development decision support system to simulate and project the interactions between the WRRE and SDG 6 under multiple combination scenarios. The results show that multiple drivers, including precipitation, technological advances, and ecological water flow, coaffect the WRRE, not the silo technology factor. The transfer fate of the saved water is a major root cause leading to the WRRE and harming the achievement of SDG 6, and the WRRE is positively correlated to SDG 6 overall, which, nevertheless, can sometimes be reversed by technological advances. Our outcomes indicate that decoupling SDG 6 from the WRRE can promote the achievement of SDG 6 and decrease the rebound effect, relying on holistic integration that couples climatic, socioeconomic, and behavioral interaction between SDG 6 and the WRRE and translation of scientific research into available decision-making information for strict scientific-research-based policy actions.
Belief Reliability Modeling Method for Wind Farms Considering Two-Directional Rotor Equivalent Wind Speed
Authors: Li Shuyu , Kang Rui , Wen Meilin , Zu Tianpei
Published: May 2024

Compared to conventional energy sources, wind power is a clean energy source with high intermittence and uncertainty. As a system that converts wind energy into electricity, wind farms inevitably face severe reliability issues. In this paper, based on reliability theory, a new reliability modeling method for wind farms is proposed. Firstly, a belief reliability model for wind farms is constructed. Then, a power generation model based on two-directional rotor equivalent wind speed is established to represent the wind farm performance in the belief reliability model. Finally, several numerical studies are conducted to verify the power generation model under different wind speeds and directions, to demonstrate the belief reliability model with different levels of uncertainty, and to compare the belief reliability considering two-directional rotor equivalent wind speed with other methods.
A Wide Bandwidth Vivaldi Antenna Suitable for 5G/6G Communication Utilizing a CMOS 0.18 μm Process
Authors: Chung Ming-An , Ting Chung-Wu , Tseng Kuo-Chun
Published: May 2024

This text proposes a Vivaldi structure array antenna, using a power divider structure. The composition includes an antenna array with four antennas, suitable for a wideband array structure antenna in the 100 GHz frequency band. The goal is to address the challenges faced by monolithic systems in modern wireless communications, particularly the issue of the inapplicability of antennas on silicon substrates. The Vivaldi antenna was chosen for its wide bandwidth, high efficiency, and stable radiation pattern. It combines the characteristics of a wide scanning angle and ultra-wide bandwidth. Through integration with CMOS technology, the developed antenna achieved a bandwidth of 85.47–102.40 GHz. The peak gain reached −4 dBi, corresponding to a bandwidth of 17.7%. And the antenna volume was only 1.2 mm × 1.2 mm, demonstrating its immense potential in high-frequency wireless applications.
Mpox (Monkeypox) Virus and Its Co-Infection with HIV, Sexually Transmitted Infections, or Bacterial Superinfections: Double Whammy or a New Prime Culprit?
Authors: Liu Benjamin M. , Rakhmanina Natella Y. , Yang Zhilong , Bukrinsky Michael I.
Published: May 2024

Epidemiologic studies have established that mpox (formerly known as monkeypox) outbreaks worldwide in 2022–2023, due to Clade IIb mpox virus (MPXV), disproportionately affected gay, bisexual, and other men who have sex with men. More than 35% and 40% of the mpox cases suffer from co-infection with HIV and sexually transmitted infections (STIs) (e.g., Chlamydia trachomatis, Neisseria gonorrhoeae, Treponema pallidum, and herpes simplex virus), respectively. Bacterial superinfection can also occur. Co-infection of MPXV and other infectious agents may enhance disease severity, deteriorate outcomes, elongate the recovery process, and potentially contribute to the morbidity and mortality of the ensuing diseases. However, the interplays between MPXV and HIV, bacteria, other STI pathogens and host cells are poorly studied. There are many open questions regarding the impact of co-infections with HIV, STIs, or bacterial superinfections on the diagnosis and treatment of MPXV infections, including clinical and laboratory-confirmed mpox diagnosis, suboptimal treatment effectiveness, and induction of antiviral drug resistance. In this review article, we will discuss the progress and knowledge gaps in MPXV biology, antiviral therapy, pathogenesis of human MPXV and its co-infection with HIV, STIs, or bacterial superinfections, and the impact of the co-infections on the diagnosis and treatment of mpox disease. This review not only sheds light on the MPXV infection and co-infection of other etiologies but also calls for more research on MPXV life cycles and the molecular mechanisms of pathogenesis of co-infection of MPXV and other infectious agents, as well as research and development of a novel multiplex molecular testing panel for the detection of MPXV and other STI co-infections.
SARS-CoV-2-Specific Antibodies, B Cell and T Cell Immune Responses after ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 Vaccination in Solid Organ Transplant Recipients
Authors: Phornkittikorn Pattaraphorn , Kantachuvesiri Surasak , Sobhonslidsuk Abhasnee , Yingchoncharoen Teerapat , Kiertiburanakul Sasisopin , Bruminhent Jackrapong
Published: May 2024

Background: Immunization against SARS-CoV-2 is essential for vulnerable solid organ transplant (SOT) recipients who are at risk of infection. However, there are concerns about suboptimal immunogenicity, especially in humoral immunity (HMI), and limited exploration of cell-mediated immune (CMI) responses. The primary objective of this study was to assess the immunogenicity of ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 vaccination in SOT recipients. The secondary endpoint was to evaluate factors that affect immunogenicity and adverse events (AEs) following immunization in SOT recipients. Methods: All adult SOT recipients who received the two-dose ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 vaccine at a 12-week interval underwent measurements of HMI by evaluating anti-receptor-binding domain (RBD) IgG levels and CMI by investigating SARS-CoV-2-specific T cell and B cell responses before and after complete vaccination, around 2–4 weeks post-vaccination, and compared to controls. AEs were monitored in all participants. Results: The study included 63 SOT recipients: 44 kidney recipients, 16 liver recipients, and 3 heart transplant recipients, along with 11 immunocompetent controls. Among SOT recipients, 36% were female, and the median (IQR) age was 52 (42–61). The median (IQR) time since transplant was 55 (28–123) months. After the second dose, the median (IQR) anti-RBD antibody levels were significantly lower in SOT recipients compared to those in the control group (8.3 [0.4–46.0] vs. 272.2 [178.1–551.6] BAU/mL, p < 0.01). This resulted in a seroconversion rate (anti-RBD antibody > 7.1 BAU/mL) of 51% among SOT recipients and 100% among controls (p = 0.008). Receiving the vaccine beyond one year post-transplant significantly affected seroconversion (OR 9.04, 95% CI 1.04–78.56, p = 0.046), and low-dose mycophenolic acid marginally affected seroconversion (OR 2.67, 95% CI 0.89–7.96, p = 0.079). RBD-specific B cell responses were also significantly lower compared to those in the control group (0 [0–4] vs. 10 [6–22] SFUs/106 PBMCs, p = 0.001). Similarly, S1- and SNMO-specific T cell responses were significantly lower compared to those in the control group (48 [16–128] vs. 216 [132–356] SFUs/106 PBMCs, p = 0.004 and 20 [4–48] vs. 92 [72–320] SFUs/106 PBMCs, p = 0.004). AEs were generally mild and spontaneously resolved. Conclusions: SOT recipients who received the full two-dose ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 vaccine demonstrated significantly diminished HMI and CMI responses compared to immunocompetent individuals. Consideration should be given to administering additional vaccine doses or optimizing immunosuppressant regimens during vaccination (Thai Clinical Trial Registry: TCTR20210523002).
Mapping Bovine Tuberculosis in Colombia, 2001–2019
Authors: Bonilla-Aldana D. Katterine , Jiménez-Diaz S. Daniela , Lozada-Riascos Carlos , Silva-Cajaleon Kenneth , Rodríguez-Morales Alfonso J.
Published: May 2024

Introduction: Bovine tuberculosis is a zoonotic disease of significant impact, particularly in countries where a pastoral economy is predominant. Despite its importance, few studies have analysed the disease’s behaviour in Colombia, and none have developed maps using geographic information systems (GIS) to characterise it; as such, we developed this study to describe the temporal–spatial distribution of bovine tuberculosis in Colombia over a period of 19 years. Methods: A retrospective cross-sectional descriptive study, based on reports by the Colombian Agricultural Institute (ICA), surveillance of tuberculosis on cattle farms in Colombia from 2001 to 2019 was carried out. The data were converted into databases using Microsoft Access 365®, and multiple epidemiological maps were generated with the QGIS® version 3.36 software coupled to shape files of all the country’s departments. Results: During the study period, 5273 bovine tuberculosis cases were identified in multiple different departments of Colombia (with a mean of 278 cases/year). Regarding its temporal distribution, the number of cases varied from a maximum of 903 cases (17.12% of the total) in 2015 to a minimum of 0 between 2001 and 2004 and between 2017 and 2019 (between 2005 and 2016, the minimum was 46 cases, 0.87%). Conclusions: GIS are essential for understanding the temporospatial behaviour of zoonotic diseases in Colombia, as is the case for bovine tuberculosis, with its potential implications for the Human and One Health approaches.
Study of the Bunsen–Roscoe Reciprocity Law in Solar Water Disinfection (Optical Effect) for E. coli, E. faecalis and C. perfringens
Authors: Torres Julia , Palacios Ana María , Fuentes Manuel , Vivar Marta
Published: May 2024

Water stress and water quality represent major environmental challenges in the 21st century. In response, wastewater management and its potential reuse emerge as strategies to mitigate these problems. This research aims to verify the law of reciprocity in the solar disinfection process of real secondary wastewater effluents for different faecal microorganisms. Flat disinfection reactors, subjected only to natural and continuous UV radiation, were used. The study focused on the optical effect of UV radiation, eliminating the significant influence of the thermal effect and its synergy in solar disinfection at temperatures above 45 °C, by controlling the temperatures of the water samples to levels below 20 °C. Three experimental tests were carried out on sunny days. Each test comprised two trials, under the following conditions: (a) low solar irradiance over a prolonged time (duration approximately: 2.6 h) and (b) high solar irradiance and a shorter period of time (approximately 2 h), with each receiving the same UV dose. Inactivation kinetics was analysed for E. coli, E. faecalis, and C. perfringens (including spores). The results validated the reciprocity law for E. coli in all tests for UV doses > 20 Wh/m2, showing no significant deviations, with inactivation rates of 0.44 to 0.51 m2/Wh for initial concentrations of 106–107 CFU/100 mL. In contrast, for E. faecalis, the reciprocity was only valid at intensities < 700 W/m2, with rates of 0.04 and 0.035 m2/Wh for 105–106 CFU/100 mL; above this irradiance value, the law varied significantly and was not valid. C. perfringens did not show significant disinfection results during the experiments to verify this law, mainly due to the resistance of its spores. Additional experimentation with C. perfringens is necessary, by extending the length of the experiments and/or conducting them at higher irradiance values, in order to reach bacterial inactivation to enable the analysis of the reciprocity law. In general, the main conclusion from these results is that the reciprocity law in solar disinfection would be difficult to use for the estimation of water solar disinfection based on the irradiance and exposure times, as there are deviations from it at least in one specie (E. faecalis). Mores studies should be carried out to fully understand and determine the validity of this law and its potential application for forecasting solar water disinfection.
A Comprehensive Review of Methods for Hydrological Forecasting Based on Deep Learning
Authors: Zhao Xinfeng , Wang Hongyan , Bai Mingyu , Xu Yingjie , Dong Shengwen , Rao Hui , Ming Wuyi
Published: May 2024

Artificial intelligence has undergone rapid development in the last thirty years and has been widely used in the fields of materials, new energy, medicine, and engineering. Similarly, a growing area of research is the use of deep learning (DL) methods in connection with hydrological time series to better comprehend and expose the changing rules in these time series. Consequently, we provide a review of the latest advancements in employing DL techniques for hydrological forecasting. First, we examine the application of convolutional neural networks (CNNs) and recurrent neural networks (RNNs) in hydrological forecasting, along with a comparison between them. Second, a comparison is made between the basic and enhanced long short-term memory (LSTM) methods for hydrological forecasting, analyzing their improvements, prediction accuracies, and computational costs. Third, the performance of GRUs, along with other models including generative adversarial networks (GANs), residual networks (ResNets), and graph neural networks (GNNs), is estimated for hydrological forecasting. Finally, this paper discusses the benefits and challenges associated with hydrological forecasting using DL techniques, including CNN, RNN, LSTM, GAN, ResNet, and GNN models. Additionally, it outlines the key issues that need to be addressed in the future.
Enhancing Flood Risk Management: A Comprehensive Review on Flood Early Warning Systems with Emphasis on Numerical Modeling
Authors: Fernández-Nóvoa Diego , González-Cao José , García-Feal Orlando
Published: May 2024

During recent decades there has been an increase in extreme flood events and their intensity in most regions, mainly driven by climate change. Furthermore, these critical events are expected to intensify in the future. Therefore, the improvement of preparedness, mitigation, and adaptation counterparts is mandatory. Many scientific fields are involved in this task, but from a meteorological and hydrological perspective, one of the main tools that can contribute to mitigating the impact of floods is the development of Early Warning Systems. In this sense, this paper presents a scientific literature review of some of the most representative Flood Early Warning Systems worldwide, many of which are currently fully operational, with a special focus on the numerical modeling component when it is developed and integrated into the system. Thus, from basic to technically complex, and from basin or regional to continental or global scales of application, these systems have been reviewed. In this sense, a brief description of their main features, operational procedures, and implemented numerical models is also depicted. Additionally, a series of indications regarding the key aspects of the newly developed FEWSs, based on recent trends and advancements in FEWSs development found in the literature, are also summarized. Thus, this work aims to provide a literature review useful to scientists and engineers involved in flood analysis to improve and develop supporting tools to assist in the implementation of mitigation measures to reduce flood damage for people, goods, and ecosystems and to improve the community resilience.
Let the Trees ‘Talk’: Giving Voice to Nature through an Immersive Experience
Authors: Roggema Rob
Published: May 2024

Current decision-making regarding urban design, architecture, and spatial planning oftenemphasizes existing power balances, which historically have excluded other humans, such asindigenous people, and nature from conversations and decision-making. The purpose of this studyis to explore if and how an empathic experience could give insights into how nature can be givena voice, and, more concretely, how a group of trees on the TEC campus in Monterrey would feelabout a sudden change in their direct environment. The methodology is divided into three parts.The first is the explanation of the case study and immersion of the (human) participants in the site.The second stage consists of deep listening and reproducing the imagined expressions of the trees.In the third stage, the participants return from the site, evaluate, and formulate a manifesto. Theexperience suggests that it is possible to inspire human beings to imagine what trees would have tosay if we only imagined their language. It also shows that it is possible to gain access to a formerlyhidden environment. The conclusion is that the empathic access to these formerly muted worlds,such as those of nature or socially marginalized peoples, can strengthen our understanding of, andour ability to resolve, the current environmental crisis.
New technologies, children and the General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR): The gap between communication, infrastructure and the application of an European Regulation!
Authors: Bunceanu Victoria-Delia
Published: May 2024

One of the central concepts of the General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) is the “data subject”. This notion in relation to the establishment of rights and obligations for controllers and processors becomes a common denominator in the implementation of this Regulation at the level of all Member States of the European Union. The Regulation (EU) 2016/679 on the protection of natural persons with regard to the processing of personal data and on the free movement of such data (GDPR) was adopted, in order to protect the privacy of data subject, whether a parent, an young person or a child. However, starting with the title we can identify two different actions: to assure the protection of personal data and the free movement of this data within and outside the Union borders. In this context we must take the following into account: the reality of conceptual gaps in interpretation of this document; old or non-existent infrastructure; legislative bottlenecks and the risks involved in the protection of children’s data. Are parents, young people or children properly informed about their rights and the risks to which they are exposed in an era of digitalization? Can online school ensure the protection of children? Does the current infrastructure allow the optimal implementation of the General Data Protection Regulation? My research, in this context, has the aim of identifying gaps between information, infrastructure and the application of the GDPR, using the content analysis method and the questionnaire as a qualitative method of research. The expected results of this research are awareness by state institutions about the risks to which children are exposed in an era of digitalization and the awareness of the controllers about the obligation to ensure the protection of children’s data in the processing process.
Building a fashion influencer image on Instagram
Authors: Molerova Dilyana
Published: May 2024

This article examines the shift from analogue to digital transmission of information; the metaphor of virtual community, and the everyday life of social networks. It also studies the construction of virtual identity taking place under the influence of the influencer system on the Internet. Viewing fashion as a process of constant production and reproduction of the social, of imitation as a means of social adaptation, the text examines the transformation of fashion into a primarily digital representation through influencer marketing. The analogue and digital evolution of codes is distinct, and the need of media and digital literacy are a growing challenge for modern society. This work will provide a clearer delineation of the fluid nature of identity and social belonging as well-articulated behaviors.
Analysis of the behavior model of the nursing staff of outpatient and inpatient services
Authors:   Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education «Samara State Medical University» of the Ministry of Healthcare of Russia, Izevlina N. L.
Published: May 2024

Particular attention is required to study the organization of work of nursing staff and the individual and personal characteristics of nursing specialists in both outpatient and inpatient services. Target. Studying the characteristics of professional skills, work experience, taking into account individual personal characteristics, behavior patterns of senior nurses of a healthcare institution and nursing staff. Results. The scientific literature on human resource management issues was analyzed, the main motivators of nursing staff in outpatient and inpatient services were studied, the significance of the personal qualities of maternity hospital and antenatal clinic employees was studied, and the professional qualities of nursing service managers were assessed. Conclusion. For representatives of the nursing staff of the inpatient service, individual personal qualities that reflect the specifics of working with people are of great importance, in contrast to the nursing staff of the outpatient service, for whom individuality, responsibility and independence are important.
Organization of patient-oriented care for children diagnosed with cerebral palsy in outpatient settings
Authors:   SBHI SR «Sergievsk Central District Hospital», Pryakhina S. Ya. , Shakirzyanova N. K. ,   Samara regional public organization of nurses
Published: May 2024

The desire to organize a patient-centered approach in interaction with patients is increasing, as focusing on the needs of the patient becomes an integral element of the quality of modern medical care. Target. To evaluate the provision of medical care to children with cerebral palsy using various methods that address the needs of not only the patient himself, but also his family members involved in his daily rehabilitation and social adaptation. Results. Indicators of the quality of patient-centered care include the actions of the patient and nursing staff, determining the content of care in a specific clinical situation, compliance with standards and algorithms of nursing activities, taking into account partnerships with patients and their relatives, and cooperation with other specialists of the multidisciplinary team. Conclusion. At the global level, the World Health Organization recognizes the patient-centered approach as key to modern assessment of the quality of health care. In this regard, the quality of patient-centered nursing activities, as a component of medical care, is determined by three main characteristics: structure, process and result.
Pharmaco- and ozone therapy in outpatient medical rehabilitation programs for patients with chronic cerebral ischemia
Authors:   Medical Institute, Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education «Kabardino-Balkarian State University named after H. M. Berbekov», Nalchik, Russia, Dadova L. Yu. , Mallaeva R. M. ,   Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education «Dagestan State Medical University» of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Makhachkala, Russia, Serebryakov A. A. ,   Krasnodar City Clinical Hospital No. 1, Russia, Kaisinova A. S. ,   Federal State Budgetary Institution «North-Caucasian Federal Research and Clinical Center of the Federal Medical and Biological Agency», Essentuki, Russia; Pyatigorsk Medical and Pharmaceutical Institute — Branch of the Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education «Volgograd State Medical University» of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Pyatigorsk, Russia, Tsogoev A. S. ,   Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education «North Ossetian State Medical Academy» of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Vladikavkaz, Russia, Cherevashchenko L. A. ,   Federal State Budgetary Institution «North-Caucasian Federal Research and Clinical Center of the Federal Medical and Biological Agency», Essentuki, Russia
Published: May 2024

Abstract. Purpose of the study. To evaluate the effectiveness of medical rehabilitation of patients with stage 1 chronic cerebral ischemia using ozone therapy in an outpatient setting. Material and methods. A randomized, prospective, single-center, open-label, controlled study was conducted on 80 patients with stage 1 chronic cerebral ischemia, who were divided into 2 groups by means of simple randomization: in the study group (SG/41 patients), the patients received rehabilitation in accordance with the federal clinical guidelines and intravenous ozone therapy; in the control group (CG/39 patients), the patients underwent only standardized treatment. The effectiveness of rehabilitation measures was monitored using validated rating scales, electroencephalography, and quality of life assessment. Results. The implementation of the medical rehabilitation program for patients with stage 1 chronic cerebral ischemia in an outpatient setting provides a significant reduction in pain (p < 0.01), correction of psycho-emotional and cognitive disorders (p < 0.01), normalization of lipid metabolism (p < 0.01), and improvement in quality of life (p < 0.01). The efficacy of the developed outpatient medical rehabilitation program for patients with stage 1 chronic cerebral ischemia was 85.4 %, and that of the standardized program — 77.0 %. Conclusion. Integrated pharmacotherapy and ozone therapy provide a significant increase in the effectiveness of medical rehabilitation of patients with chronic cerebral ischemia at the outpatient stage.
New horizons in comprehensive rehabilitation of melanoma patients: improved outcomes through an integrated approach to immunotherapy
Authors:   FSAEI HE I. M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation (Sechenov University), Moscow, Koneva E. S. ,   Medsi Group of Companies, MEDSI Clinical Hospital in Otradnoe, Krasnogorsk, Moscow Region, Russian Federation, Mochalova A. S. ,   Medsi Group of Companies, MEDSI Clinical Hospital in Otradnoe, Krasnogorsk, Moscow Region, Russian Federation; aras Shevchenko Transnistria State University, Tiraspol, Pridnestrovian Moldavian Republic, Suetina M. S. ,   Medsi Group of Companies, MEDSI Clinical Hospital in Otradnoe, Krasnogorsk, Moscow Region, Russian Federation
Published: May 2024

Abstract. The article discusses the importance of a comprehensive rehabilitation approach for melanoma patients when treated with immunotherapy. By focusing on innovative treatments, the study highlights the need to integrate nutritional support, physical therapy, magnetic therapy, and psychological support to improve quality of life and enhance the effectiveness of immunotherapy regimens. Purpose of the study: to evaluate the impact of the multidisciplinary rehabilitation program on physiological functions, psycho-emotional well-being, general antitumor effect, and quality of life of patients with melanoma. Materials and methods. The study included 135 patients diagnosed with melanoma who received a course of immunotherapy. In the study group (the main group), a complex of rehabilitation techniques (magnetic therapy, therapeutic exercises, nutritional support, psychological support) was used, while in the control group, the patients did not undergo the accompanying comprehensive rehabilitation program. Treatment effectiveness was assessed in accordance with iRECIST 1.1 criteria; to assess the quality of life, the Russian version of the EORTC QLQ-C30 questionnaire was used. Results. The patients of the study group showed an improvement in their general physical condition and a decrease in the intensity of some side effects of treatment. The patients in the control group also showed changes in their health status, but they were less pronounced compared to the study group. Adverse events during treatment occurred in 55 % of the patients in the study group and in 74 % of the patients in the control group. The patients in the study group noted an improvement in quality of life by 25 %, while in the patients in the control group this indicator was 12 %. An 18 % improvement in general condition was noted by the patients in the study group, while the patients in the control group noted an 8 % improvement in general well-being. Conclusion. The implementation of the multidisciplinary rehabilitation approach, including nutritional support, therapeutic exercises, magnetic therapy, and psychological support, demonstrates significant improvements in symptom management and quality of life in melanoma patients undergoing immunotherapy.
Current treatment methods for hernias and protruded lumbar intervertebral discs: exercise therapy, HILT, hivamat, and SIS therapy
Authors:   Treatment and Diagnostic Center «Krylatskoe», Moscow, Russia, Antonenko N. S. , Kotenko K. V. ,   Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution «Petrovsky National Research Center of Surgery», Moscow, Russia, Korchazhkina N. B. ,   Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution «Petrovsky National Research Center of Surgery», Moscow, Russia, Vasilieva E. S. ,   Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution «Petrovsky National Research Center of Surgery», Moscow, Russia
Published: May 2024

Abstract. This article presents a comprehensive review of literature on four current non-invasive non-drug methods of treating herniated and protruded intervertebral discs: exercise therapy, high-intensity laser therapy (HILT), deep oscillation therapy (Hivamat), and high-intensity magnetic therapy (SIS therapy). The purpose of the literature review is to evaluate the efficacy, safety, and treatment outcomes of each therapy. A review of the available literature, including clinical trials, systematic reviews, and comparative studies, was carried out. The focus is on the effectiveness of each treatment method in reducing pain and improving mobility and overall well-being of patients. The results of the literature review have shown that all four treatment methods are promising for the treatment of herniated and protruded discs. Exercise therapy is effective in the long term in reducing pain and relapse rates. HILT demonstrates rapid pain relief and reduction of inflammation. Hivamat is distinguished by its effectiveness in pain relief and tissue restoration. SIS therapy offers a minimally invasive approach with targeted pain relief. The authors conclude that modern non-invasive treatment methods, such as exercise therapy, HILT, Hivamat, and SIS therapy, are an efficient alternative to traditional methods of treating herniated and protruded intervertebral discs. The results of the analysis indicate a potential shift in clinical practice towards the need to include non-pharmacological methods in comprehensive rehabilitation programs. However, further largescale studies are recommended to better understand their long-term effectiveness and optimal use in clinical settings.
Assessment of the efficacy of comprehensive medical rehabilitation of patients with polypoid rhinosinusitis based on the international classification of functioning, disability and health
Authors:   Federal State Budgetary Institution of Continuing Professional Education «Central State Medical Academy» of the Presidential Administration of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia, Nagornev S. N. , Pelishenko T. G. ,   Federal State Budgetary Institution «Clinical Hospital No. 1» of the Presidential Administration of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia, Kruglova L. S. ,   Federal State Budgetary Institution of Continuing Professional Education «Central State Medical Academy» of the Presidential Administration of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia
Published: May 2024

Abstract. Purpose of the study. The article discusses an algorithm for using the categories of the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF) for comparative assessment of the effectiveness of various medical rehabilitation programs for patients with polypoid rhinosinusitis. It is shown that the use of the ICF makes it possible to implement a systematic approach to assessing the efficacy of rehabilitation measures, taking into account the biopsychosocial model for assessing health (illness) and the category of functioning, which serves as the basis for the integration process of rehabilitation. The results of comparative monitoring of the formed categorical profile of a patient with polypoid rhinosinusitis convincingly proved the advantages of complex medical rehabilitation of patients with nasal polyposis, based on biological therapy with dupilumab in combination with a course application of an alternating magnetic field and low-intensity laser radiation.
Anti-aging technologies and physiotherapy innovations
Authors:   I. M. Sechenov First Moscow Medical University of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Kulikova N. G. ,   Peoples Friendship University of Russia of the Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Nekrasova A. N. ,   Medical Cosmetology Center «Remake», Moscow
Published: May 2024

Abstract. At present, aesthetic anti-aging programs have acquired a new semantic content, since, on the one hand, they demonstrate the modern level of development of medicine and, on the other hand, the unity of external aestheticism with the somatogenic status of patients, both men and women. The purpose of the study was to improve the quality of anti-aging medical and aesthetic care for patients with varying degrees of age-related structural changes in the skin of the face and body, by including a combined anti-aging program with the use of injectable carboxytherapy, platelet-rich plasma (PRP), exercise therapy, a dietary program, and nutritional support (trace elements of zinc, copper, selenium, vitamins B and D) in the treatment protocol. Patients and methods: 114 patients (56 men and 58 women) with involutive face / body skin changes were studied. Prior to the combined anti-aging program, all patients underwent an anthropometric assessment (body mass index — BMI), dermatological control (dermatoscopy, ballistometry, corneometry, cutometry), and an assessment of antioxidant functions according to liquid chromatography and mass spectroscopy (superoxide dismutase — SOD, total antioxidant function index). Simple open-label randomization made it possible to divide men and women into homogeneous comparable groups: group I (n = 30) received injectable carboxytherapy along the cosmetic lines of the face and in the décolleté; group II (n = 30) received platelet-rich plasma in the form of platelet therapy in the specified areas; group III (the study group, n = 32) were treated with a combined technique including simultaneous PRP and injectable carboxytherapy; group IV (the control group, n = 22) had basic facial and body care, without physiotherapy methods. The statistical data analysis was carried out in Microsoft Office Excel (2017) and SPSS statistical processing (PASW Statistics version, 2018). Parametric (the linear correlation method, the Students test) and non-parametric methods (the Spearman»s rank correlation coefficient, the Wilcoxon and Mann-Whitney Test) were used. The differences were considered significant at p < 0.05. Results: after the combined therapy, there was a significant increase in the hydration index of the facial skin by 13.2 ± 1.2 standard units, an increase in the level of elastin by 9.4 ± 2.9 standard units, a decrease in the depth of wrinkles by 1.4 points, correction of superoxide dismutase values from 135 [133; 137] ng / mL to the physiological norm of 112.4 [111.9; 112.9] ng /mL (p < 0.01), and an improvement in the overall antioxidant function of the blood.
Analysis of the efficacy of current methods of treating thoracic hernias and protruded discs
Authors:   Treatment and Diagnostic Center «Krylatskoe», Moscow, Kursakina E. V. , Vasilieva E. S. ,   Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution «Petrovsky National Research Center of Surgery», Moscow, Kotenko K. V. ,   Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution «Petrovsky National Research Center of Surgery», Moscow, Mikhailova A. А. ,   Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution «Petrovsky National Research Center of Surgery», Moscow
Published: May 2024

Abstract. This article assesses the effectiveness of such current non-invasive methods of treating thoracic disc herniations and protrusions, as exercise therapy (PT), shockwave therapy, high-intensity laser therapy (HILT), and low-intensity magnetic therapy. The purpose of this work is to analyze and compare the efficacy of these methods for treating thoracic hernias and disc protrusions. Materials and methods. The study is based on a review of the relevant literature, which summarizes the results of various clinical trials and scientific research assessing the effectiveness of these therapy techniques. Exercise therapy is a versatile and adaptable approach that is particularly efficient in improving functional mobility and in longterm treatment. Shockwave therapy is effective in relieving acute pain, while HILT quickly reduces pain and treats deeply damaged tissue. Low-intensity magnetic therapy has an anti-inflammatory effect and is painless for the patient. The article describes the advantages and limitations of each technique and provides a comparative analysis of their effectiveness. As a result of the analysis of literary sources, it has been found that there is a lack of long-term studies, comparative analysis between these treatment methods, etc. The need for more comprehensive studies in order to understand the sustained effects and the degree of efficacy of these treatment methods in different situations is emphasized. The study results have important implications for clinical decision making and tailoring treatment plans to individual patient needs. In conclusion, the recommendations for future researchers are provided, emphasizing the importance of a multidisciplinary approach in the treatment of diseases of the thoracic spine.
Jurisprudence: Change of job descriptions
Authors:   the practice of labor and migration law of the Pepelyaev Group company, Moscow, Zhizherina Yu.Yu.
Published: May 2024

The review presents court decisions on disputes about changes in job descriptions.
Status of the reproductive system of anchovy sprat (Clupeonella engrauliformis, Borodin, 1904) in the Caspian sea
Authors:   Volga-Caspian branch of VNIRO (CaspNIRKH), Russia, Astrakhan, Makeeva O.V. , Kozlova N.V. ,   Volga-Caspian branch of VNIRO (CaspNIRKH), Russia, Astrakhan
Published: May 2024

The impact of negative factors on the population of anchovy sprat (Clupeonella engrauliformis, Borodin, 1904) continues, and therefore in recent years there has been a steady downward trend in the abundance and density of the species. Research catches of anchovy sprat are declining. One of the conditions contributing to the population recovery is an optimal, without critical pathologies condition of reproductive system of individuals. The purpose of this work is to study the condition of testes and ovaries of anchovy sprat. According to the histological picture of germ cells it is possible to objectively assess the state of reproductive ability of individuals. The study was carried out using the methods of classical histology. The material was gonads of females and males sampled in the summer of 2023 in the Middle Caspian Sea. According to the results of histological study it was found that gonads have different stages of maturity (II–III, III, IV and V). The presence of direct correlations between maturity indices (gonad weight, gonadosomatic index, maturity coefficient) in individuals of both sexes was found. In females, the size of oocytes of different stages of maturity is described, and the absence of correlation between cell diameter and length and mass of the individual is revealed. Distinctive features of resorption of oocytes of III and IV stages of maturity by such characteristics as shape, color and transparency of the cell are given. The proportion of females with resorbed oocytes (67%) and the average proportion of cells with developmental abnormalities (24%) were noted. The results of this study may contribute to a better understanding of the processes occurring in the reproductive glands of male and female anchovy sprat, which is very important for fish reproduction.
Estimation of genetic variability of cherepetskiy carp breeds using microsatellite loci
Authors:   Branch for Freshwater Fishery of Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution “Russian Federation Research Institute of Fishery and Oceanography”, Russia, Moscow Region, Rybnoye, Ivanekha E.V. , Duma L.N. ,   Branch for Freshwater Fishery of Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution “Russian Federation Research Institute of Fishery and Oceanography”, Russia, Moscow Region, Rybnoye, Murashkin V.B. ,   Branch for Freshwater Fishery of Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution “Russian Federation Research Institute of Fishery and Oceanography”, Russia, Moscow Region, Rybnoye, Dement’ev V.N. ,   Branch for Freshwater Fishery of Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution “Russian Federation Research Institute of Fishery and Oceanography”, Russia, Moscow Region, Rybnoye
Published: May 2024

All six analyzed microsatellite loci of the poly (CA) type were found to be polymorphic in two warmwater Cherepetskiy carp breeds. The part of heterozygotes at microsatellite alleles in these breeds was high. Cherepetskiy scaly carps (breeders of eleventh selective generation) had 2–8 alleles per locus and 37 alleles in all at six loci. Cherepetskiy frame carps (breeders of ninth selective generation) had 3–7 alleles per locus and 26 alleles in total at six loci. Comparatively low polymorphism level has been revealed for both Cherepetskiy breeds at MFW16 locus. Average allele number per locus of Cherepetskiy scaly carps was markedly greater than that of Cherepetskiy frame carps. This allelic polymorphism factor at Cherepetskiy scaly carps was higher than at Angelinskiy mirror carps, but lower than that of Angelinskiy scaly carps, Zagorsky carps, Moscow Scaly and Moscow Mirror carps, Amur carps and Volga carps, whereas at Cherepetskiy frame carps it was lower than at all breeds and breed groups above. Findings indicated that in both Cherepetskiy carp breeds keep considerable genetic variability level, which is lower for Cherepetskiy frame carp than for Cherepetskiy scaly carp. As opposed to other studied carp groups, Cherepetskiy frame carps had only one amplification product at MFW31 locus.