bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Ekstraksi Unsur Hara dari Rumput Laut Sargassum sp.
Authors: Basmal Jamal , Saputra Radian , Karnila Rahman , Leksono Tjipto
Published: June 2019

AbstrakPenelitian pengaruh suhu dan waktu esktraksi terhadap jumlah unsur hara makro yang ke luar dari rumput laut Sargassum sp. telah dilakukan dengan cara merendam rumput laut Sargassum sp. dalam larutan KOH 0,3% selama 5 hari, selanjutnya rumput laut diberi perlakuan waktu dan suhu ekstraksi yang berbeda yakni T1 (120 menit); T2 (180 menit); dan T3 (240 menit),  dengan suhu ekstraksi yaitu S1 (60 °C); S2 (70 °C); dan S3 (80 °C). Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mendapatkan unsur hara makro dan karakteristik fisik dan mikrobiologi yang optimal dari ekstrak cair rumput laut Sargassum sp. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa perlakuan suhu dan waktu ekstraksi berpengaruh signifikan terhadap jumlah unsur hara, viskositas, angka lempeng total (ALT), fosfat,  COrganik, dan EC dari cairan ekstraksi rumput laut Sargassum sp., namun tidak berpengaruh terhadap pH, kadar nitrogen, dan kadar kaliumnya. Hasil ekstraksi terbaik ditemukan pada kombinasi perlakuan lama waktu 240 menit (4 jam) dengan suhu 80 °C, yaitu dengan jumlah larutan ekstrak yang mengandung unsur hara  sebesar 97,5%; pH 9; viskositas 3,07 cPs; ALT 2,5 x 103 Cfu/mL;  nitrogen1,64%; fosfat 197,7 ppm; kalium 205,54 ppm;  COrganik 0,55 %; EC 3,52 mS/cm dan C/N rasio 0,34%. Nutrient Extraction from Seaweed Sargassum sp. AbstractNutrient extraction from seaweed (Sargassum sp.) was  done by soaking the seaweed  in a 0.3% KOH solution during 5 days. Furthermore,  the seaweed  was  treated at various extraction times (T1 = 120 min; T2 = 180 min; and T3 = 240 min) and temperatures (S1 = 60 0C; S2 = 70 0C; and S3 = 80 0C). This study aimed to obtain optimum macro nutrients value and the physical and microbiological characteristics of the liquid extracted from seaweed Sargassum sp. The results showed that the variation of temperature and extraction time was affected significantly on the yield, viscosity, total plate count (TPC), phosphorus, Corganic, and EC of the extracted liquid from seaweed Sargassum sp., but it did not affect the pH, nitrogen and  potassium contents. The best result was found in combination of 240 min extraction time at  80 °C temperature with the yield of 97.5%; pH 9; viscosity 3.07 cPs; ALT 2.5 x 103 Cfu/mL; nitrogen 1.64%; phospat 197.7 ppm; potassium 205.54 ppm; Corganic 0.55%; EC 3.52 mS/cm and C/N ratio 0.34%.
Penapisan Mikroalga Penghasil Karotenoid serta Studi Pengaruh Stres Nitrogen dan Fosfor terhadap Produksi B-Karoten pada Mikroalga Oocystis sp.
Authors: Elfiza Wahida Nia , Dharma Abdi , Nasir Nasril
Published: June 2019

Abstrakb-karoten merupakan karotenoid yang bermanfaat sebagai antioksidan. Penelitian ini bertujuan menapis mikroalga yang berpotensi  mengandung karotenoid tinggi dan mempelajari pengaruh nitrogen dan fosfor terhadap produktivitas biomassa, kandungan pigmen fotosintesis dan b-karoten, pada mikroalga yang diisolasi dari perairan Danau Atas, Sumatra Barat. Penapisan mikroalga penghasil karotenoid dilakukan  dengan memberikan  paparan UV-A 326 nm terhadap kultur campuran mikroalga. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa 5 dari 18 spesies mampu bertahan pada proses penapisan. Pengaruh 9 jenis medium pertumbuhan dengan kriteria: tanpa NaNO3, 3x NaNO3, 5x NaNO3, 10x NaNO3, Bold Basalt Medium (BBM) normal (kontrol), tanpa KH2PO4, 3x KH2PO4, 5x KH2PO4,dan10x KH2PO4 terhadap mikroalga terpilih (Oocystis sp.) diamati. Hasil menunjukkan kandungan b-karoten tertinggi  ditemukan pada perlakuan 5x KH2PO4  yaitu sebesar 0,22 % dari berat kering mikroalga, dengan produktivitas biomassa 0,0015 g/mL/hari, serta kandungan klorofil a, klorofil b dan karotenoid total yaitu 7,15 µg/mL, 0,81 µg/mL dan 6,67 µg/mL. Berdasarkan penelitian ini dapat disimpulkan medium pertumbuhan dengan kandungan 5x KH2PO4 merupakan medium yang cocok bagi pertumbuhan Oocystis sp. untuk mendapatkan biomassa dengan kandungan b-karoten dan karotenoid tinggi tanpa harus menurunkan produktivitas biomassanya. Screening of Carotenoid Producing Microalgae and Study of the Effect of Nitrogen and Phosphorus Stress on the Production of b-Carotene in Microalgae Oocystis sp.Abstractb-carotene is a carotenoid that is useful as an antioxidant. Present study aims to screening high microalgae which contain carotenoids from water of Danau Atas lake (West Sumatra Province), and study the effect of nitrogen and phosphorus on biomass productivity, photosynthetic and b-carotene pigment content. Screening of carotenoid-producing microalgae was carried out by exposing UV-A 326 nm to mixed microalgae cultures. The results showed that 5 of the 18 species were able to survive in the screening process. The effect of growth medium, i.e. without NaNO3, 3x NaNO3, 5x NaNO3, 10x NaNO3, normal Bold Basalt Medium (BBM) (control), without KH2PO4, 3x KH2PO4, 5x KH2PO4, and 10x KH2PO4 on of selected microalgae (Oocystis sp.) was carried out. The result showed that the highest content of b-carotene of Oocystis sp. was obtained with 5x KH2PO4 which was 0.22% of the dry weight of biomass. Biomass productivity was 0.0015 g/mL/day and the chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b and total carotenoids contents were 7.15 µg/mL, 0.81 µg/mL and 6.67 µg/mL, respectively. Based on this research, 5x KH2PO4 can be concluded as a suitable medium for Oocystis sp. to obtained high b -carotene and carotenoid of Oocystis sp. without  reducing biomass productivity.
Coupled effects of matric suction and temperature on the compression behaviour of loess
Authors: Cheng Qing , Tang Chao-Sheng
Published: June 2019

The compression behaviour of soils is related to many geotechnical engineering problems – for example, ground subsidence, foundation deformation and embankment failure. So far, research works on the coupled effects of matric suction and temperature on the compression behaviour of soils are very limited. The aim of this study was to investigate the compression behaviour of intact and compacted loess at various matric suctions and temperatures. It was found that for both intact and compacted loess, at various suctions, the preconsolidation pressure decreases with increasing temperature (thermal softening) because the double-layer repulsion force R increases with increasing temperature. The thermal softening of the preconsolidation pressure at zero suction is more significant than that at a suction of 100 kPa. This is likely because more water exists in the soil specimen at a lower suction. Heating-induced decrease in the viscosity of water affects particle movements and the yielding of the soil skeleton. Moreover, it was found that the suction effects on the thermal softening of the preconsolidation pressure of intact loess are more significant than those of the compacted specimen.
Rapid Aldosterone-Mediated Signaling in the DCT Increases Activity of the Thiazide-Sensitive NaCl Cotransporter
Authors: Cheng Lei , Poulsen Søren Brandt , Wu Qi , Esteva-Font Cristina , Olesen Emma T. B. , Peng Li , Olde Björn , Leeb-Lundberg L. M. Fredrik , Pisitkun Trairak , Rieg Timo , Dimke Henrik , Fenton Robert A.
Published: June 2019

Significance Statement

The NaCl cotransporter NCC in the kidney distal convoluted tubule (DCT) regulates urinary NaCl excretion and BP. The long-term effects of the mineralocorticoid aldosterone on modulating NaCl reabsorption via NCC are well established, and their importance illustrated by the effects of NCC-targeting diuretics and the salt-wasting observed in Gitelman syndrome. In this study the authors demonstrate that aldosterone also has rapid effects on the DCT, partly via the membrane receptors EGFR and GPR30. Signaling from these receptors affect NCC activity so that when aldosterone is released in response to hypovolemia, aldosterone rapidly increases NaCl reabsorption to help restore blood volume.

Background

The NaCl cotransporter NCC in the kidney distal convoluted tubule (DCT) regulates urinary NaCl excretion and BP. Aldosterone increases NaCl reabsorption via NCC over the long-term by altering gene expression. But the acute effects of aldosterone in the DCT are less well understood.

Methods

Proteomics, bioinformatics, and cell biology approaches were combined with animal models and gene-targeted mice.

Results

Aldosterone significantly increases NCC activity within minutes in vivo or ex vivo. These effects were independent of transcription and translation, but were absent in the presence of high potassium. In vitro, aldosterone rapidly increased intracellular cAMP and inositol phosphate accumulation, and altered phosphorylation of various kinases/kinase substrates within the MAPK/ERK, PI3K/AKT, and cAMP/PKA pathways. Inhibiting GPR30, a membrane-associated receptor, limited aldosterone’s effects on NCC activity ex vivo, and NCC phosphorylation was reduced in GPR30 knockout mice. Phosphoproteomics, network analysis, and in vitro studies determined that aldosterone activates EGFR-dependent signaling. The EGFR immunolocalized to the DCT and EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibition decreased NCC activity ex vivo and in vivo.

Conclusions

Aldosterone acutely activates NCC to modulate renal NaCl excretion.
Influence of structure and properties of surface layer on fatigue durability of hardened steels strengthened by combined electromechanical treatment
Authors: Bagmutov V. P. , Dudkina N. G. , Zakharov I. N. , Romanenk M. D. , Chekunov V. V.
Published: June 2019

Using the example of hardened carbon steels (steel 45, U8), the effect of combination of various surface hardening technologies is considered (using electromechanical processing, surface plastic deformation, non-abrasive ultrasonic finishing and their combination) on changes in structural state and surface microhardness, cyclic durability of hardened specimens and fatigue failure mechanisms. The studies were carried out by the methods of optical and scanning electron microscopy and by microhardness and fatigue tests. It is shown that for the investigated steels in quenched state, a high-speed pulsed thermo-deformation effect during electromechanical processing is accompanied by an increase in the surface microhardness (by more than 50 %) and decrease in the fatigue limit (by 20 – 30 %). Such a change in properties is associated with formation in the surface layer of substantially non-equilibrium, inhomogeneous in chemical composition, ultradispersed phases with increased hardness. At the same time, in the near-surface metal volumes tempering processes of the hardened structure proceed with the formation of softening zones and tensile residual stresses, accompanied by a decrease in the microhardness in these zones and the fatigue limit of the specimens. Such effects reduce some of the materials performance characteristics during surface hardening. The ways to improve the properties of such products due to additional technological operations require further studies. Combined surface hardening (based on electromechanical processing, surface plastic deformation and non-abrasive ultrasonic finishing) of carbon steels allows, due to variations in the intensity of temperature and deformation effects, to purposefully change the structural-phase composition and stress-strain state of the surface and near-surface metal layers. As a result, it becomes possible to form a balanced complex of strength and fatigue characteristics of the samples, depending on the preliminary heat treatment of steel. The operations of surface plastic deformation and non-abrasive ultrasonic finishing after electromechanical hardening, due to intensive plastic deformation provide smoothing of the surface and healing of near-surface defects and allow correction of stress-strain state of the processed metal. It provides an increase in microhardness in the tempering zone by 20 – 25 % and the fatigue limit of the samples by 25 – 30 %.
Structure, phase composition, mechanical properties and wear resistance of steel after microarc boriding and vanadation
Authors: Stepanov M. S. , Dombrovskii Yu. M. , Davidyan L. V.
Published: June 2019

Boriding is a common method of thermo-chemical treatment of steel products. It increases their hardness and wear resistance, but also increases the surface fragility, has a long duration and high labor intensity. The combined coating with boron and vanadium is used to improve the properties, and it is possible to apply microarc surface alloying to reduce the duration of the diffusion saturation process. This makes it possible to intensify the diffusion of alloying elements by forming a gas discharge zone at the surface of the steel product. The aim of this work was to study the structure, phase composition, mechanical properties and wear resistance of steel after boriding and vanadation. During the experiments, a lubricant containing boron carbide powders B4C and ferrovanadium FeV80 were used, which was applied to the surface of the steel sample. During boriding and vanadation of steel a surface layer with a thickness of 150 – 190 μm is formed. It has a base with microhardness of 7.8 – 8.3 GPa and light grey granular inclusions and eutectic areas with microhardness of 13.5 – 14.0 GPa. Further there is a carbonized layer of eutectoid concentration, passing into the original ferrite-perlite structure. The content of alloying elements in the characteristic points of the surface layer was determined, which confirmed the increased content of carbon, vanadium and boron in the base layer, areas of eutectic and carbide phase. X-ray phase analysis revealed the presence of iron borides FeB and Fe2B, vanadium borides VB2 and V2B3 and vanadium carbide VC0.88 in the surface layer. Mechanical properties of coatings were studied by microindentation of its cross-section with registration and analysis of deformation diagram under loading and subsequent unloading of the indenter. Hardness at indentation in the base layer increased to 7.95 GPa, in dispersed inclusions – to 13.90 GPa. The modulus of elasticity for indentation in the base and inclusions is 238 MPa and 340 MPa, respectively. Creep and proportion of the plastic component in microindentation is naturally reduced with increase in hardness. Fine inclusions of iron borides, vanadium borides and carbides significantly increase the steel wear resistance. It has increased in 4 times during friction against the fixed abrasive particles in comparison with the initial state.
A cross-sectional study of 2550 amateur cyclists shows lack of knowledge regarding relevant sports nutrition guidelines
Authors: Janse van Rensburg D C , Sparks I M , Fletcher L , Jansen van Rensburg A
Published: June 2019

Background: Amateur cyclists use a wide variety of supplements and nutritional substances to increase performance in addition to their training. 

Objectives: The intended nutritional supplement use, carbohydrate (CHO) use and hydration practices of amateur cyclists before, during and after endurance cycling were analysed. Evidence of ignorance regarding the use of sports supplements and CHO, as well as the disregard of hydration strategy was hypothesised. 

Methods: Amateur cyclists, of all age and sex groups, were requested to complete an online survey anonymously on the 2013 Momentum 94.7 Cycle Challenge website, a few days before the event. 

Results: Responses were received from 2 550 out of 30 640 race entrants (8%); representing a distribution of 75% males, 25% females, with the majority between 25 to 45 years old. Nutritional supplements were used by 59% of respondents, with 77% dose adherence, and 29% with supplement ingredient knowledge. Half of the respondents (48%) planned to carbo-load two-three days before the event, while only five percent used professional advice to scientifically calculate their carbo-loading requirements. CHO were consumed by 81% during the event. Hydration preferences during the race were sports drinks (59%) and water (22%); and after the race 45% preferred a sports drink and 40% water. Ingredients, taste, colour, and temperature were criteria used to choose a sports drink. Only 18% of respondents knew to use both colour of urine and thirstiness to determine post-race fluid requirements. 

Conclusion: The authors concluded that amateur cyclists had insufficient knowledge regarding nutritional supplement ingredients and usage, CHO requirements and carbo-loading practices, and hydration strategies before, during and after the event.
Preventing the seemingly unpreventable – challenging the return-to-play criteria for recurrent hamstring strain prevention
Authors: Craddock N , Buchholtz K
Published: June 2019

Background: Hamstring strains are one of the most common injuries in sport. Previous injury has been found to be one of the greatest risk factors associated with recurrent hamstring strains. Although rehabilitation programmes have been developed and implemented to aid safe and efficient return-to-play, the incidence of hamstring injuries has not decreased. 

Discussion: As hamstring strains most commonly occur during the eccentric phase of muscle action, rehabilitation should focus on eccentric muscle strengthening. The L-protocol and the Nordic Hamstring Exercise protocol strengthen the hamstring muscles eccentrically. They have been found to be effective in decreasing the incidence of new hamstring strains as well as the rate of recurrence. This commentary therefore aims to suggest changes to the return-to-play criteria following hamstring strains to prevent the seemingly unpreventable.
Sacroiliac tuberculosis masquerading as mechanical lower back pain in a collegiate basketball athlete: a case presentation
Authors: Moyaert M , Viljoen J , Viviers P , Derman W , De Villiers R
Published: June 2019

Background:Sacroiliac tuberculosis is a rare condition for which early diagnosis and effective management frequently proves challenging. This report describes a case that was initially overlooked due to its presentation and unreported constitutional symptoms.

Aim:To alert clinicians about skeletal tuberculosis, an often neglected diagnostic differential, which requires a high index of clinical suspicion, especially for patients from endemic areas.

Findings:This patient’s presentation (sports injury) and unreported constitutional symptoms resulted in a delay in the diagnosis and initial institution of treatment.

Implications:This report illustrates the importance of specifically asking about constitutional symptoms, even in sports injury settings and being mindful of infectious diseases or other chronic medical conditions, which may masquerade as common sports injuries.
A comparison of the physical demands of a one-day cricket game and the training sessions of provincial cricket players using Global Positioning System tracking software
Authors: Webster Z , Travill A
Published: June 2019

Background: Cricket is a highly technical skills-based game and coaches consequently focus on the improvement of skills during training sessions. However, a certain level of physical fitness is required to execute these skills optimally. Coaches tend to give little focused attention to the development of physical fitness during training, which could lead to players being physically unprepared for the demands of a game. 

Objective: The purpose of this study was to assess and compare the physical demands of a one-day cricket game and a training session of provincial cricket players, using Global Positioning System units. 

Methods: Nineteen male provincial cricketers participated in the research. The participants were classified into five sub-disciplines, namely, batting, fast bowling, spin bowling, fielding and wicketkeeping. The study employed a descriptive and comparative design as it essentially collected numerical data from Global Positioning System units to describe and compare the physical demands of a one-day game of cricket and a training session preceding these games. The variables used in the study included total distances travelled in the game which were divided into five movement categories, i.e. walking, jogging, running, striding and sprinting. Also included were average and maximum heart rates, number of sprints and average sprint distances. 

Results: There were significant differences across all sub-disciplines and movement categories during training and the one-day game for provincial cricket players. Batsmen showed the greatest discrepancies between training and the game for all high-intensity movements (p<0.05). 

Conclusion: The findings of this study highlight the different physical and physiological demands placed on players in the various sub-disciplines during training and the one-day game. The current study found the major disparity between training and the one-day game was amongst the batsmen.
Male Academy rugby union student-athletes in-season physical anthropometrical and physical performance changes, and comparisons with available data
Authors: Rishiraj N , Niven B
Published: June 2019

Background: Physical performance demands of the rugby union (RU) game have increased over the past two decades. However, there are little data on these variables concentrating on developing RU players (student-athletes) over a competitive season. 

Objectives: To investigate the potential enhancement of two physical anthropometrical and nine physical performance variables of male New Zealand RU Academy student-athletes over a competitive season and compare with similar published data. 

Methods: Twenty student-athletes were recruited to the Otago Rugby Football Union (ORFU) two-year Academy Programme. Each week the student-athletes engaged in 25 hours of strength and conditioning training and participated in 15 hours of on-field rugby training with their respective ORFU Premier League team. Assessments sessions were scheduled for the start of the season, in-season, and pre-play-offs (week 31). 

Results: Mean data from 20 student-athletes demonstrated a trivial effect size (ES) increase in body weight and skinfold measurements, while a paired t-test (p<0.05) resulted in concurrent significant improvements in lower-body power (ES = large), acceleration (ES = large), speed (10 m sprint, ES = small, 40 m sprint, ES = small), and upper body strength (bench press, ES = large and bench pull, ES = small). A non-significant physical performance improvement, with trivial ES difference, was also noted in anaerobic endurance performance. 

Conclusion: Based on these data significant physical performance enhancements were observed during in-season Premier League competition while limiting fatigue and overtraining.
A tale of two sit-bones: The cyclist’s ischial hygroma (Perineal nodular induration)
Authors: Swart J , De Villiers R , Francois R , Rademan F , Thom G
Published: June 2019

The ischial hygroma or perineal nodular induration is a relatively rare and cycling specific injury that is often incorrectly diagnosed and managed. We highlight two cases with divergent managements to highlight the spectrum of treatment available to manage this rare condition. We describe the presentation, assessment and management of two cases of pernineal nodular induration.
The management (surgical excision vs conservative management with saddle pressure mapping) highlight that there is no single optimal management and a multidisciplinary approach should be applied to treat these injuries successfully. Perineal nodular induration should be investigated appropriately to exclude less benign causes of perineal masses. Both conservative management and surgical excision can be successful. Clinicians should be familiar with assessment and management options for this relatively rare but debilitating condition in competitive cyclists.
Publicidad y competencia mediática para la educación ambiental en alumnos de primaria
Authors: Megías Delgado Mario , De Casas Moreno Patricia , Paramio Pérez Gema
Published: June 2019

Los medios de comunicación y, sobre todo, la publicidad juegan un papel muy importante en la formación de la sociedad, especialmente, en el sector más joven. En este sentido, hay que reforzar los modelos pedagógicos en el aula para conseguir ciudadanos críticos. Por otro lado, el medio ambiente, en los últimos tiempos, se ha convertido en uno de los temas más populares de estudio. Por lo tanto, la presente investigación pretende arrojar luz sobre el uso de la publicidad para la enseñanza de la educación ambiental en el contexto de la Educación Primaria. Para ello, se ha llevado a cabo una investigación cualitativa a través de la observación participante y grupos focales. La muestra compuesta por 5 spots publicitarios relacionados con temas medioambientales y 75 alumnos de la granja escuela Huerto-Alegre de Granada, trata de esclarecer el nivel de conocimiento que poseen estos estudiantes sobre el objeto de estudio. Los principales resultados y conclusiones demuestran que a pesar de vincular problemas medio ambientales con los spots visionados existe una discontinuidad en los contextos familiar y escolar, incluso con ayuda del mediador, incidiendo en la necesidad de reforzar las competencias en la formación y conocimiento del alumnado.
Recorrido histórico de la alfabetización en Venezuela desde el desaprendizaje
Authors: Arévalo Joamsner Magdalena
Published: June 2019

Actualmente los ciudadanos están expuestos a una gran cantidad de información presentada a través de diversos medios, lo que exige destrezas que no sólo se limiten a la reproducción y decodificaión sino que los mismos deben ser capaces de interpretar y expresarse a través de distintos medios y en más de un idioma (Crystal, 2011). En este sentido los conceptos relacionados con las prácticas alfabetizadoras alrededor del mundo se han ido transformando hacia un enfoque más humanista en el que la producción y comprensión del discurso escrito se aprecie como una herramienta de crecimiento personal incluyendo en incluso el uso de las Tecnologías de la Información Comunicación (TIC). Con esto en mente se expone un recorrido histórico del concepto de alfabetización en Venezuela iniciando con los programas de alfabetización fuera del contexto escolar con el fin de dar inicio a un estudio futuro más profundo que enmarcado en los postulados del racionalismo crítico y el desaprendizaje (Andrade, 2005 y Popper, 20058) lleve a reconstruir el concepto y reoriente las prácticas escolares de lectura y escritura. Este estudio se basó en una revisión documental de los documentos disponibles en fuentes oficiales en relación con la enseñanza de la lectura y la escritura en Venezuela aportando como conclusión principal que no solo no hay un consenso sobre la visión y metodología para la alfabetización sino que el mencionado replanteamiento se hace necesario.
Modelo de Naciones Unidas: una herramienta constructivista
Authors: Márquez Duarte Fernando David
Published: June 2019

En el presente documento se presenta la investigación realizada sobre el caso de estudio del Modelo de Naciones Unidas (MUN) en un grupo de estudiantes de la Maestría en Educación: Campo Educación ambiental (MECEA). Esta investigación presenta relevancia para el campo de estudio de la educación, específicamente desde un enfoque constructivista, ya que se analiza la pertinencia de los MUNs como herramienta pedagógica para fomentar conocimientos y capacidades en los educandos. La investigación realizada ha sido conducida enteramente con un enfoque cualitativo de caso de estudio con un método etnográfico, incluyendo instrumentos como la observación participativa, entrevistas semi-estructuradas y diario de campo. Las principales conclusiones a las que se llegaron son que en el caso de estudio los MUNs han mostrado ser una herramienta pedagógica útil para fomentar y poner en práctica conocimientos sobre temas ambientales, así como capacidades necesarios para un educador ambiental como la negociación, el hablar en público, el lenguaje formal y el debate. Aspectos del MUN como el juego de rol, la Zona de Desarrollo Próximo (ZDP) y las interacciones entre participantes dentro de un marco diplomático son cruciales para los resultados que fomentan en sus participantes.
The Change of Language: A Critical Analysis of New Literacies on Twitter and in Educational Context
Authors: Zhang Zhilong
Published: June 2019

In modern society, there has been a trend that people tend to use effective tool in everyday correspondence. The development of social media network contributes to such situation. Therefore, a study is needed for the new literacies in the current communication of people’s daily life. With the aim to help educators better teach students in modern language context, the author adopted the information on Twitter, a widely-used social media network, and analysed it critically in educational context. It is found that the social media network brings both advantages and flaws to the English language. Such trend makes it more convenient for people to convey information but may confuse the readers and discourage them to read, especially aged people.
Thai EFL Learners' Collocational Competence and Their Perceptions of Collocational Difficulty
Authors: Dokchandra Dentisak
Published: June 2019

The collocational competence of undergraduate students of English at a university in northeastern Thailand and their perceptions of collocational difficulty were investigated in this study. The participants were 153 2nd-, 3rd-, and 4th-year students of English selected through a convenient sampling method and via their consents to take part in the study. The participants who were enrolled in the second term of academic year 2017 were administered a collocational competence test which comprised 35 fill-in-the-blank items with optional alternatives. They were to answer a Likert's type questionnaire of 5 rating scales (Reliability co-efficient = 0.96) probing their perceptions of the difficulty of collocations in parallel with each test item. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and One-Way ANOVA was computed to test the hypothesis. The results indicated that on the whole the participants had a 'moderate level' of collocational competence. They were not significantly different in terms of their collocational competence when it comes to their different years of studies. The participants perceived collocations as fairly difficult with the idiomatic collocations reported as being the most difficult category. The findings were discussed in relation to the theoretical difficulty of collocations and suggestions for pedagogy and further research were offered.
A Comparative Study of Novel Translation from the Perspective of Feminist Translation Theory: A Case Study of the Two Chinese Versions of Persuasion
Authors: Li Yuying , Zhang Yuming
Published: June 2019

Female translators differ from male translators in the choice of the original texts, the adoption of translating strategies and the diction features of the translation, etc. From the perspective of Feminist Translation Theory, the paper made a comparative study of the two translated versions of Persuasion by Qiu Yin, a woman translator and Sun Zhili, a man translator, in the aspects of female preferences of exclamatory sentences and rhetorical questions, sentence final particles, reduplicated words as well as prefaces and footnotes. The identity of the female translator is reflected in Qiu’s version in comparison of Sun Zhili’s.
On the Strategies of Improving Oral Application Ability for Students of Non-English Majors
Authors: Yin Xunfeng
Published: June 2019

The cultivation of students' oral application ability in college oral English teaching is a vital part of foreign language learners' communicative competence. Therefore, this paper introduces communication strategies into college English classroom teaching, and discusses the feasibility and effectiveness of communicative strategy training as well as the practical improvement of oral English competence, so as to achieve effective oral English classroom teaching in a real sense.
Investigating the Effectiveness of Classroom Based Assessment on ESL Teaching Strategies and Techniques in Pakistan: Study from Teachers’ Perspective
Authors: Sartaj Shabana , Kadri Shafqat , Shah Syed Faisal Haider , Siddiqui Ali
Published: June 2019

Assessment plays vital role in language learning. It is responsibility of a teacher to know all aspects of assessment as it can be beneficial and harmful at the same time for students. Therefore, what to assess, how to assess and mastery of assessment tools for specific purpose is very essential for ESL teachers. The current study is based on classroom based assessment because it deals with all aspects of instructing and guidance process. Present study investigates effectiveness of CBA in improvement of teaching strategies and techniques from teachers’ perspective. The study is designed on quantitative method and follows exploratory research design. The findings of the study showed that if Classroom based assessment is applied in educational institutes and proper training of assessment techniques is provided to the teacher, it can be the most beneficial assessment for both teachers and students. It will not only be the assessment of students’ performance and progress but will also assess the success of teacher, teaching strategies and methods; and will hence contribute towards the betterment of educational system overall.
Inanimate Subject Sentences in English and Their Translation Strategies
Authors: Qiu Jiaosheng
Published: June 2019

This paper first clarifies the concept of inanimate subject sentences in English, and points out that inanimate subject sentences refer to sentences that use verbs expressing material or psychological processes as predicates instead of living entities. Then the causes of inanimate tendencies of English subjects are explained from the perspective of Chinese and Western thinking. According to the different attributes of subjects, inanimate subject sentences can be divided into the following six categories: abstract concepts as subjects, nouns expressing psychological feelings as subjects，nouns indicating specific actions and action meanings are used as subjects, natural phenomena as subjects, concrete things as subjects and time and place nouns as subjects. Four examples are listed in each category. Then, the paper elaborates the linguistic effect of English inanimate subject sentences. Finally, according to the six categories of inanimate subject, it explores the translation strategies of English inanimate subject sentences, and defines the exceptional phenomena, with a view to helping readers in their English language learning.
COVER AND LIST OF CONTENTS OF GEA VOLUME 18 NO. 1 APRIL 2018
Authors: GEA JURNAL
Published: June 2019

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ANALYSIS OF FLOOD EXPOSURE USING DEM SRTM AND LANDSAT IMAGE IN JAKARTA
Authors: Dahlia Siti , Nurharsono Tricahyono , Rosyidin Wira Fazri
Published: June 2019

The aims of research is: 1). Making map of flood susceptibility in Special Capital Region of Jakarta area, based on geomorphology approach using DEM SRTM satellite imagery, and 2). Data inventory element at risk of flood. The method of data analysis used qualitative, based on interpretation satellite imagery data using elements of interpretation. Indicators used to result map of flood susceptibility are elevation, slope, and landform, using scoring and overlay technique. The result of research is flood susceptibility of low area is 13.613,40 ha, medium is 23.238,67 ha, and higt is 27.216,72 ha. Based on it, the majority of research area have hight of flood susceptibility. Based on spatial pattern, it showed that areas with high flood susceptibility are mostly located in the northern part of research area, and areas with the lowest flood susceptibility are majority in the southern part of researh area. The result analysis of element at risk, it showed that element at risk affected by flood for high, medium, or low level is settlement.
KEBERADAAN LEMBAGA ADAT KEUJRUEN BLANG DALAM MENINGKATKAN PRODUKSI PADI PETANI MANGGENG ACEH BARAT DAYA
Authors: Aziz Daska
Published: June 2019

Dalam upaya meningkatan hasil pertanian padi disuatu daerah diperlukan pemimpin yang dapat memahami, mengatur dan menjalankan kearifan lokal adat pertanian. Komunitas petani di Aceh berhimpun dalam Lembaga Adat Keujruen Blang. Keujreun blang merupakan Lembaga adat yang cukup strategis dan mempunyai peran dan fungsi yang sangat besar khususnya dalam meningkatkan produksi hasil pertanian sawah. Keberadaan keujruen blang dapat membantu masyarakat tani dalam meningkatkan hasil pertanian padi untuk lebih maksimal. Rumusan masalah, apakah keberadaan Lembaga adat Keujruen blang dapat meningkatkan hasil pertanian padi petani Manggeng Aceh Barat Daya?. Kajian dilakukan pada tahun 2016 terhadap 54 responden petani dan 17 responden Keujruen blang. Pengumpulan data menggunakan angket, wawancara dan observasi mendalam. Pengolahan data mengggunakan skala likert dan persentase terhadap jawaban responden untuk mengetahui keberadaan Lembaga adat Keujruen blang dalam meningkatkan hasil pertanian padi petani Manggeng. Hasil penelitian diperoleh bahwa sebagian besar (85,5%) jawaban responden positif terhadap keberadaan Lembaga adat Keujruen blang dapat meningkatan produksi hasil pertanian padi petani Manggeng dalam rangka meningkatkan kesejahteraan pertani dan ketahanan pangan dimasa datang.
KONTRIBUSI HASIL UJI KOMPETENSI TEORI KEJURUAN TERHADAP HASIL UJI KOMPETENSI PRAKTIK KEJURUAN BIDANG KOMPETENSI TEKNIK PEMESINAN PESAWAT UDARA DI SMK
Authors: Fahmi Ilham , Wardaya Wardaya , Purnawan Purnawan
Published: June 2019

Tujuan penelitian untuk mengetahui seberapa besar kontribusi hasil uji kompetensi teori kejuruan terhadap hasil uji kompetensi praktik. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode deskriptif korelasional dengan subjek penelitian 123 siswa. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat kontribusi yang positif dan signifikan hasil uji kompetensi teori kejuruan terhadap hasil uji kompetensi praktik kejuruan. Selain itu, diperoleh hasil analisis relevansi materi uji kompetensi teori kejuruan terhadap hasil uji kompetensi praktik kejuruan sebesar 70% dalam ketegori relevan.
STUDI KOMPARASI HASIL BELAJAR ANTARA KELAS BINAAN ASTRA DENGAN KELAS REGULER PADA KOMPETENSI MEMELIHARA UNIT FINAL DRIVE POROS PENGGERAK RODA BELAKANG
Authors: Nopandi Ridwan , Haryadi Haryadi , Wiharna Ono
Published: June 2019

Tujuan dari penelitian ini untuk memperoleh gambaran  tentang hasil belajar kelas binaan Astra dalam ranah kognitif dan ranah psikomotor. Metode penelitian yang digunakan yaitu quasi exsperimental design dengan jumlah sampel 69 responden dari dua kelas yang berbeda. Instrumen yang digunakan tes dan observasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan kenaikan N-Gain kelas binaan Astra yaitu 0,59 dan skor rata-rata observasi adalah sebesar 27,2. Uji hipotesis diperoleh terdapat perbedaan yang signifikan antara hasil belajar kelas binaan Astra dengan kelas reguler.
STUDI PENCAPAIAN KOMPETENSI MEMBUBUT RATA DAN BERTINGKAT UNTUK MAHASISWA JPTM UPI YANG BERASAL DARI SMA DAN SMK
Authors: Iskandar Wanday M.P. , Karo Karo Uli , Sasmita Asep H.
Published: June 2019

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui perbedaan pencapaian kompetensi membubut rata dan bertingkat untuk mahasiswa yang berlatar belakang pendidikan dari SMA dan  dari SMK pada mata kuliah teknik pemesinan. Metode yang digunakan pada penelitian ini yaitu metode komparatif dengan pendekatan kuantitatif. Pengumpulan data pada penelitian ini dilakukan dengan test performance dimana mahasiswa melakukan pekerjaan dengan mesin bubut menggunakan panduan berdasarkan job sheet. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa rata-rata pencapaian kompetensi membubut rata dan bertingkat mahasiswa yang berlatar belakang pendidikan dari SMA dan dari SMK tidak ada perbedaan yang signifikan.
PENGARUH PERAN GURU DALAM MEMBIMBING SISWA PADA MATA PELAJARAN PRAKTIKUM PEMELIHARAAN DAN PERBAIKAN SISTEM REFRIGERASI DENGAN HASIL BELAJAR SISWA
Authors: Purnomo Wenda A. , Hasan Syamsuri , Arifiyanto Enang S.
Published: June 2019

Penelitian ini secara umum bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh peran guru dalam membimbing siswa pada mata pelajaran praktikum pemeliharaan dan perbaikan sistem refrigerasi di SMKN X dengan jumlah responden 67 siswa. Metode yang digunakan adalah metode descriptive research dengan teknik pengumpulan data berupa angket, wawancara dan dokumentasi.Hasil dari penelitian menunjukkan bahwa peran guru dalam membimbing yang dilaksanakan pada praktikum berpengaruh rendah terhadap hasil belajar siswa. Kesimpulan diperoleh bahwa terdapat pengaruhperan guru dalam membimbing siswa pada mata pelajaran praktikum pemeliharaan dan perbaikan sistem refrigerasi dengan hasil belajar siswa.
METODE SIMULASI PADA PEMBELAJARAN KETERAMPILAN VOKASIONAL OTOMOTIF UNTUK SISWA TUNAGRAHITA
Authors: Sulistiyo Bayu D. , Munawar Wahid , Sriyono Sriyono
Published: June 2019

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mendapatkan gambaran mengenai hasil implementasi metode pembelajaran latihan keterampilan simulasi pada pembelajaran keterampilan vokasional otomotif untuk tunagrahita. Metode penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode penelitian subjek tunggal. Metode ini bertujuan untuk memodifikasi prilaku, dimana pengambilan dan pengolahan data dalam metode ini difokuskan untuk melihat perubahan prilaku subjek. Hasil penelitian terhadap 3 subjek tunagrahita pada pembelajaran keterampilan otomotif dapat diketahui pada perubahan level menunjukkan arah yang meningkat artinya kemampuan peserta didik keterampilan mencuci sepeda motor pada tiap fase intervensi menggambarkan peningkatan. Pada analisis antar kondisi Overlap dengan membandingkan fase Interversi B dengan Baseline A1 serta Intervensi B dengan Baseline A2 menunjukkan peserta didik 1 mendapat nilai 40% sedangkan peserta didik 2 dan 3 mendapat nilai 0% hal ini berarti semakin kecil nilai overlap mengandung makna bahwa intervensi berpengaruh terhadap target behavior berupa kemampuan keterampilan mencuci sepeda motor. Sebanyak 3 siswa yang mengerjakan seluruh proses mencuci motor, masing-masing 32,96 menit, 37,67 menit dan 34,03 menit.
RELEVANSI MATERI PEMBELAJARAN TEKNIK REFRIGERASI DI PERGURUAN TINGGI DAN DI SMK DENGAN STANDAR UJI KOMPETENSI
Authors: Indrayani Deni , Kusumah Inu H. , Arifiyanto Enang S.
Published: June 2019

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menghasilkan deskripsi relevansi materi yang ada diperguruan tinggi dan di SMK dengan materi standar uji kompetensi khususnya materi kejuruan teknik refrigerasi. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah deskriptif analitik dengan pendekatan kuantitatif. Teknik pengumpulan data berupa dokumentasi, wawancara, dan angket. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa persentase relevansi materi teknik refrigerasi yang ada di perguruan tinggi sebesar 71,43% dengan materi yang dibutuhkan untuk pembelajaran peserta didik dan 75% dengan materi yang digunakan untuk uji kompetensi di SMK. Persentase relevansi materi yang ada di SMK dengan materi yang digunakan untuk uji kompetensi sendiri sebesar 91,67%. Persentase yang ada bukan berarti tidak sesuai secara keseluruhan melainkan ada sebagian materi yang merupakan materi pada pembelajaran lain. Dokumentasi relevansi materi teknik refrigerasi secara umum telah terpetakan dengan kebutuhan materi yang ada di SMK.
PENGARUH MULTIMEDIA INTERAKTIF TERHADAP HASIL BELAJAR SISWA PADA KOMPETENSI PERBAIKAN DIFFERENTIAL
Authors: Radityan Fatwa T. , Kuntadi Iwa , Komaro Mumu
Published: June 2019

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh multimedia interaktif terhadap hasil belajar siswa setelah melakukan proses pembelajaran. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan menggunakan metode quasi experiment dengan desain non equivalent control group design. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah siswa kelas XI SMKN 6 Bandung kompetensi keahlian teknik kendaraan ringan yang berjumlah 70 siswa. Instrumen yang digunakan pada penelitian ini berupa soal pre test yang dilaksanakan sebelum siswa melaksanakan proses pembelajaran dan post test setelah siswa melaksanakan proses pembelajaran, kedua soal tes tersebut digunakan untuk melihat peningkatan hasil belajar siswa. Peningkatan hasil belajar siswa yang menggunakan multimedia interaktif yaitu 0,67 lebih tinggi dibandingkan pembelajaran menggunakan media visual dengan peningkatan 0,41, sehingga dapat disimpulkan bahwa multimedia interaktif mempunyai pengaruh yang signifikan terhadap hasil belajar siswa pada kompetensi perbaikan differential.
HUBUNGAN WAKTU PEMOTONGAN DAN WAKTU PEMESINAN PADA UJI KOMPTENSI PRAKTIK KEJURUAN TEKNIK PEMESINAN
Authors: Ramadhan Naufal Rizqan , Wardaya Wardaya , Purnawan Purnawan
Published: June 2019

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui hubungan antara waktu pemotongan dan waktu pemesinan pada pelaksanaan uji kompetensi praktik kejuruan dan untuk mengetahui distribusi penilaian aspek waktu pemesinan pada pelaksanaan uji kompetensi praktik kejuruan bidang pemesinan bubut. Penelitian dilakukan di SMK Taruna Mandiri Cimahi pada tahun ajaran 2013/2014. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode deskriptif korelasional dengan subjek penelitian 1 kelas sebanyak 30 siswa. Data diperoleh melalui observasi langsung terhadap pelaksanaan uji kompetensi praktek kejuruan pemesinan bubut, pekerjaan bubut terdiri atas tujuh pekerjaan, yaitu: bubut rata, bubut muka, bubut alur, bubut tirus, bubut tepi, bubut kartel, dan boring. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa terdapat hubungan yang positif antara waktu pemotongan dan waktu pemesinan pada pelaksanaan uji komptensi praktik kejuruan teknik pemesinan dengan tingkat hubungan yang sangat kuat. Distribusi penilaian untuk aspek waktu pemesinan bubut berturut-turut adalah 13%, 44%, 23%, dan 20% masing-masing untuk kategori a, b, c, dan e.
STUDI KOMPARASI PENINGKATAN HASIL BELAJAR MENGGUNAKAN MEDIA REALIA DENGAN MEDIA HANDOUT PADA MATA PELAJARAN ALAT UKUR
Authors: Irawan Verry A. , Sabri Sabri , Sasmita Asep H.
Published: June 2019

Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui hasil belajar siswa yang menerapkan media handout  dan media realia pada proses pembelajaran alat ukur mekanik presisi, serta mengetahui perbedaan peningkatan hasil belajarnya. Metode penelitian menggunakan metode quasi experimental design. Tipe kuasi eksperimen yang digunakan adalah non-equivalent control group design. Sampel dijadikan dua kelompok yaitu kelas kontrol diberi perlakukan handout dan kelas eksperimen diberi perlakuan media realita.  Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa peningkatan hasil belajar pada mata pelajaran alat ukur dengan menggunakan media realia pada saat proses pembelajaran ternyata lebih besar dibandingkan dengan menggunakan media hand out. Hasil post-test pembelajaran dengan menggunakan media realia menunjukan peningkatan yang lebih besar.
KORELASI KESULITAN BELAJAR DENGAN PRESTASI BELAJAR SISWA PADA MATA PELAJARAN COMPUTER NUMERICAL CONTROL SISWA SMK
Authors: Ihwan Nur , Siregar Syafarudin , Wardaya Wardaya
Published: June 2019

Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui seberapa besar korelasi kesulitan belajar dengan prestasi belajar siswa pada mata pelajaran Computer Numerical Control (CNC) di SMK Negeri 12 Bandung dan untuk mengetahui Faktor manakah yang lebih dominan yang menjadi penyebab kesulitan belajar siswa pada mata pelajaran Computer Numerical Control (CNC) di SMK Negeri 12 Bandung. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah menggunakan pendekatan metode deskriptif analitik korelasional, metode ini untuk mengetahui ada tidaknya hubungan antara dua variabel atau lebih. Pengumpulan data yang digunakan adalah angket (kuesioner) dengan menggunakan cara sampel proporsional acak sederhana dengan cara diundi tanpa pengembalian, dan nilai akhir dari sekolah (dokumentasi). Hasil temuan dalam penelitian ini yaitu terdapat hubungan yang signifikan antara Kesulitan Belajar terhadap prestasi belajar siswa pada mata pelajaran CNC bubut pada siswa kelas XI PPU di SMKN 12 Bandung tahun ajaran 2013/2014. Untuk rekomendasi yaitu lebih meningkatkan kemampuan aspek kognitif untuk penguasaan teori CNC serta meningkatkan kemampuan pada aspek psikomotor (keterampilan) dalam praktek permesinan dan memahami kesulitan belajar dan mencari jalan keluarnya.