bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Certifica Minas Café: um novo paradigma da atuação do Estado na proteção ambiental?
Authors: Castro Claudio Vieira , Salgado Eduardo Gomes , Beijo Luiz Alberto
Published: November 2017

O programa Certifica Minas Café é uma iniciativa do governo do Estado de Minas Gerais para a certificação de propriedades cafeeiras. É o único programa de certificação promovido pelo Poder Público. Esta pesquisa pretendeu abordar um dos desafios do programa: lidar com as não conformidades encontradas nas auditorias e que possam estar associadas a obrigações legais. Afinal, os auditores do CMC possuem também atribuições de fiscalização da utilização de agrotóxicos. A pesquisa teve acesso a 570 relatórios de auditorias realizadas pelo programa no ano de 2015, tendo selecionado aleatoriamente uma amostra de 230 propriedades. Dos relatórios foram extraídos os dados referentes a seis requisitos da certificação, associados aos agrotóxicos. Foram realizadas entrevistas com os gestores do programa e examinados os procedimentos e formulários da certificação. Como ficou evidenciado que existem situações de não conformidades associadas a obrigações legais, pode haver conflito na atuação dos auditores, que também são fiscais. No entanto, ao comparar as não conformidades das propriedades certificadas com pesquisas que abordaram propriedades não certificadas, observou-se que a certificação melhora o atendimento das normas. Ao optar pela não aplicação de sanções, o Estado transforma o CMC em um instrumento de educação ambiental. Neste sentido, as certificações públicas de produtos agrícolas podem ser um novo paradigma da atuação estatal na proteção do meio ambiente.
Ciclo precoce de maturação dos frutos e produtividade em genótipos de café derivadas de C1195-5-6-2
Authors: Andreazi Elder , Carducci Fernando Cesar , Sera Tumoru , Pereira Carlos Theodoro Motta , Mariucci Junior Valdir , Carvalho Filipe Gimenez , Shigueoka Luciana Harumi , Santos Willian Gabriel dos , Fonseca Inês Cristina de Batista , Sera Gustavo Hiroshi
Published: November 2017

 O objetivo desse estudo foi identificar cafeeiros com ciclo de maturação precoce e muito precoce com alta produtividade, em progênies de café arábica portadoras de genes de C. racemosa. O experimento de campo foi instalado no IAPAR, em setembro de 2007, em Londrina, PR, Brasil. O delineamento experimental foi em blocos ao acaso, com três repetições e parcelas de cinco plantas no espaçamento de 2,5 x 0,5 m. Foram avaliadas 17 progênies F1RC6 derivadas de retrocruzamentos de diferentes genótipos de café arábica com uma planta F2 do genótipo C1195-5-6-2. Como padrões comparativos foram utilizadas as cultivares IAPAR 59, IPR 99 e Catuaí Vermelho IAC 81 que possuem, respectivamente, ciclos de maturação semiprecoce, semitardio e tardio. Foram avaliadas as características produção, vigor vegetativo e ciclo de maturação dos frutos. As avaliações de maturação e vigor foram realizadas através de escala de notas e a produtividade em volume de frutos. As progênies H0509, H0501, H0518, H0513, H0508, H0510, H0505, H0506, H0514 e H0504 foram mais precoces do que seus parentais. Entre elas, as progênies H0518, H0507 e H0508 foram mais produtivos do que as testemunhas e não diferiram estatisticamente quanto ao vigor vegetativo. Foram identificadas 10 progênies F1RC6 de café arábica, portadoras de genes de C. racemosa com potencial para se tornarem cultivares com ciclo precoce e muito precoce. A característica de ciclo precoce de maturação dos frutos de C. racemosa, presente no C1195-5-6-2, permaneceu após os diversos ciclos de cruzamento com C. arabica.
Ionic Liquids: From Synthesis to Applications in Solar Cells
Authors: Fei Zhaofu , Manzanares Valentin M. , Dyson Paul J.
Published: November 2017

Ionic liquids continue to find applications in an ever-increasing range of technologies. Here we describe some of the key routes used to prepare ionic liquids and then relate their properties to their applications. In particular, ionic liquids have been used to facilitate crystal growth
and, for this reason, are emerging as useful solvents/additives in the preparation of perovskite films. The role of ionic liquids in these films and how they lead to perovskite solar cells with high efficiencies and stabilities is described.
Summer School 2017 – Exchange of Ideas for Biologists
Authors: Heinzelmann Elsbeth
Published: November 2017

When Daniel Gygax, former President of Swiss biotechnet, and Letizia Vittorelli from the University of Palermo had the idea in 2005 to create the Summer School on Advanced Biotechnology, their aim was to exchange ideas and experience in a friendly and open-minded atmosphere to advance
scientific knowledge. The network is a recipe for success: In 2017, it was the turn of the HES-SO Valais/Wallis to welcome the event to Sion from September 3 – 6.
An Efficient Implementation of Semi-numerical Computation of the Hartree-Fock Exchange Matrix on the Intel Phi Processor
Authors: liu fenglai , Kong Jing
Published: November 2017

In this work we present an efficient semi-numerical integral implementation specially designed for the Intel Phi processor to calculate the Hartree-Fock exchange matrix and the energy. Compared with the implementation for the CPU platform, to achieve a productive implementation one needs to focus on the efficient utilization of the SIMD(Single instruction, multiple data) processing unit and maximum cache usage in the Phi processor. For evaluating the efficiency of the implementation, we performed benchmark calculations on the buckyball molecules C60, C100, C180 and C240. For the calculations with basis set 6-311G(2df) and cc-pvtz the benchmark test shows 7-12 times of speedup on the Knight Landing Phi processor 7250 in comparison with traditional four-center electron repulsion integral calculation performed on a six-core Xeon E5-1650 CPU.
ORGANIZAÇÃO DA EDUCAÇÃO ESCOLAR E EDUCAÇÃO INFANTIL: PENSANDO A PARTIR DA ABORDAGEM HISTÓRICA E DAS POLÍTICAS EDUCACIONAIS
Authors: TOMAZZETTI CLEONICE MARIA , WINTERHALTER DIOLINDA FRANCIELE , BELING VÍVIAN JAMILE
Published: November 2017

Este artigo surge a partir de reflexões desenvolvidas nos processos formativos no âmbito do curso de Mestrado em Educação, do Programa de Pós-Graduação em Educação - PPGE, na Universidade Federal de Santa Maria – UFSM, que foram partilhadas no Grupo de Investigação e Estudos Contemporâneos em Educação e Infância - GIECEI. Com o objetivo de discutir questões históricas acerca da organização escolar, do currículo enquanto práticas escolares e das políticas públicas educacionais, em específico, para a Educação Infantil, toma-se como base autores referência neste campo teórico: Sacristán (1998); Teodoro (2006); Brandão (2007); Romão (2008); Kuhlmann Jr. (2010); Kramer (2011). Portanto, esta produção se constitui em pesquisa bibliográfica (Gerhardt e Silveira; 2009) a qual propõe uma reflexão teórica acerca da história da educação escolar no Brasil, tendo em vista a organização da Educação Infantil por meio das políticas educacionais e a materialização do currículo nas práticas escolares. Após este estudo, entende-se que a trajetória histórica percorrida é amplamente influente nas condições atuais do ensino; que as políticas públicas nacionais recebem influência externa em consequência de um processo de internacionalização do Estado; e que esta relação interfere diretamente na organização de todas as etapas da Educação, referindo-se também à Educação Infantil.
PERCURSO DE VIDA E ESCOLARIZAÇÃO: ANÁLISE DE EXPERIÊNCIAS FORMADORAS
Authors: DE CÁSSIA DAMASCENO LAGOEIRO ALINE , FIGUEIREDO COURA FLÁVIA CRISTINA , MORAES ANUNCIATO DE OLIVEIRA ROSA MARIA
Published: November 2017

Nesse artigo, buscamos compreender os desdobramentos das experiências rememoradas por uma doutoranda por meio da análise do seu memorial de formação. Para tanto, apresentamos o contexto de produção do memorial, bem como os aspectos gerais do relato, tendo em vista caracterizar seu percurso de vida e de formação. As análises permitiram identificar o memorial como uma narrativa com potencialidades para revelar as experiências formadoras na história de vida relatada. Essas experiências foram analisadas à luz do referencial teórico de Josso (2004), sobre a construção das experiências a partir de três modalidades de elaboração – ter, fazer e pensar sobre experiências. Com base nestes elementos, identificamos, no processo de leitura do memorial, situações em que o “pensar sobre experiências” ganhou destaque e possibilitou à doutoranda construir novas aprendizagens a partir de sua própria história. O referencial adotado nos possibilitou identificar a condição socioeconômica como fio condutor que entrelaça passado e presente e confere significado ao percurso formativo.
TECENDO FIOS SOBRE A FORMAÇÃO PEDAGÓGICA DE PROFESSORES UNIVERSITÁRIOS
Authors: OLIVEIRA RAMOS EVÓDIO MAURÍCIO , SABINO DE FARIAS ISABEL MARIA , LOPES RIBEIRO MARINALVA
Published: November 2017

O presente artigo é um recorte de um trabalho de dissertação de mestrado defendido em 2014 no Programa de Pós-Graduação em Educação da Universidade Estadual de Feira de Santana (UEFS), onde a maioria dos professores pesquisados apresentou lacunas na formação pedagógica para o exercício da docência universitária, aspecto que desencadeou motivação para nossos estudos nesse campo de conhecimento. Nesse sentido, o objetivo deste trabalho é compreender o contexto e os cenários da formação pedagógica necessária ao professor universitário. O debate sobre a temática foi realizado com base no exame teórico que recorre às formulações e discussões em torno das características da docência universitária tendo como referencial teórico de apoio os estudos de Selma Garrido Pimenta; Maurice Tardif; Isabel Cunha, Isabel Almeida, Ilma Passos, entre outros, autores de referência que propõe a reflexão sobre a profissionalização docente. A metodologia adotada compreende um estudo bibliográfico e documental de caráter exploratório numa perspectiva qualitativa. O artigo é organizado a partir de quatro eixos: 1. A caracterização da docência no contexto universitário; 2. O marco legal da inserção de profissionais nesse segmento de ensino; 3. A formação pedagógica em algumas experiências institucionais e; 4. A abordagem da temática nas produções de dissertações e teses nos últimos cinco anos. Concluímos que, apesar dos avanços identificados nas experiências institucionais e nas produções acadêmicas, ainda se constata entre os professores uma formação pedagógica deficitária necessária ao exercício da docência universitária, carecendo de maior investimento em pesquisas e iniciativas institucionais que visem consolidação de políticas de profissionalização docente.
Collaborative efforts are needed to improve use of influenza immunisation in Europe
Authors: Hak E
Published: November 2017

Influenza is among the infectious diseases with the highest incidence and associated serious morbidity and mortality that can be prevented by vaccination.
National Seasonal Influenza Vaccination Survey in Europe, 2008
Authors: Mereckiene J , Cotter S , Nicoll A , Lévy-Bruhl D , Ferro A , Tridente G , Zanoni G , Berra P , Salmaso S , O'Flanagan D , O’Flanagan D , on behalf of the VENICE 2 project gatekeepers group Collective
Published: November 2017

Binary file ES_Abstracts_Final_ECDC.txt matches
The scientific basis for offering seasonal influenza immunisation to risk groups in Europe
Authors: Nicoll A , Ciancio B  C , Tsolova S , Blank P R , Yilmaz C
Published: November 2017

This paper summarises the scientific evidence supporting selection of risk groups that would benefit from annual seasonal influenza immunisation in European Union (EU) countries. Risk groups are defined restrictively as persons in Europe at higher than average risk of adverse outcomes should they be infected with seasonal influenza and for whom use of vaccine is demonstrated to be effective in reducing the risk of those outcomes. Existing evidence indicate that older people and those with chronic disease are at higher risk of severe adverse outcome and that immunisation reduces this risk. There is thus good scientific evidence for routinely offering annual immunisation to all older people (at least those aged 65 years and older), and people with certain groups of chronic medical conditions. We estimated that these two groups account for between 19% and 28% of the population of EU countries. Thus in 2006, an estimated 84 million older people aged 65 years and over and 41 million people younger than 65 years of age with chronic conditions were living in these countries. There is also strong evidence for immunising staff caring for patients belonging to these two risk groups in residential (care home) settings in order to protect the patients. There are as yet no strong data on whether or not immunising other healthcare workers and carers protect patients though immunisation of healthcare workers can be justified on occupational health grounds. At present the scientific evidence for immunising other suggested risk groups, notably children and pregnant women is not strong for Europe though equally there is no evidence against immunising these groups.
Cluster analysis of the origins of the new influenza A(H1N1) virus
Authors: Solovyov A , Palacios G , Briese T , Lipkin W I , Rabadan R
Published: November 2017

In March and April 2009, a new strain of influenza A(H1N1) virus has been isolated in Mexico and the United States. Since the initial reports more than 10,000 cases have been reported to the World Health Organization, all around the world. Several hundred isolates have already been sequenced and deposited in public databases. We have studied the genetics of the new strain and identified its closest relatives through a cluster analysis approach. We show that the new virus combines genetic information related to different swine influenza viruses. Segments PB2, PB1, PA, HA, NP and NS are related to swine H1N2 and H3N2 influenza viruses isolated in North America. Segments NA and M are related to swine influenza viruses isolated in Eurasia.
Clinical features of cases of influenza A (H1N1)v in Osaka prefecture, Japan, May 2009
Authors: Komiya N , Gu Y , Kamiya H , Yahata Y , Matsui T , Yasui Y , Okabe N
Published: November 2017

This report describes the clinical characteristics of influenza A(H1N1)v virus infection in Osaka. By the end of May, 171 cases had been reported in Osaka. Most patients were from one school. No patient had a serious underlying medical condition.Clinical symptoms were mild and resembled those of seasonal influenza. The sensitivity of the rapid antigen test was 77%. Antivirals were given to the majority of the cases. Early antiviral treatment may have shortened the duration of fever.
Meningococcal disease in a backpackers’ hostel in Scotland: a risk assessment for prophylaxis
Authors: Davis L C , Smith K A , Willocks L J
Published: November 2017

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Epidemiology of herpes simplex virus types 2 and 1 amongst men who have sex with men attending sexual health clinics in England and Wales: implications for HIV prevention and management
Authors: Hill C , McKinney E , Lowndes C  M , Munro H , Murphy G , Parry J V , Gill O  N , the GUM Anon Network Collective
Published: November 2017

The objective was to investigate herpes simplex virus (HSV) epidemiology amongst HIV-positive and HIV-negative men who have sex with men (MSM) in England and Wales. Unlinked anonymous sera from 3,968 MSM attending 12 sexual health clinics in 2003 were tested for HIV, HSV-2 and HSV-1 antibodies. Fifty-five percent of HIV-positive MSM were HSV-2-seropositive, compared to 17% of HIV-negative MSM (Adj RR: 2.14 [CI: 1.92-2.37]). Amongst HIV-positive individuals, there was no significant difference in HSV-2 seroprevalence by knowledge of HIV status or whether the HIV infection was recently acquired (determined through STARHS). HIV infection was also independently associated with HSV-1 serostatus (Adj RR 1.19 [CI: 1.14-1.24)]). Four of the twelve attendees who received a diagnosis of recurrent anogenital herpes at the clinic visit were HSV-1-seropositive but not HSV-2-seropositive at the time, although no cultures or PCR results were available to type the cause of the ano-genital presenting disease. It is of concern that one in two HIV-positive MSM and one in six HIV-negative MSM may be infected with HSV-2, given increasing evidence of its impact on HIV progression, onward transmission and acquisition. To date results have been disappointing from trials aimed at reducing HIV onward transmission and HIV acquisition using HSV antiviral medication. However, recent research in an African context demonstrates the efficacy of HSV antivirals in delaying HIV progression. The high prevalence of HSV-2 amongst HIV-positive MSM suggests that an increased focus on HSV control in the management of HIV amongst MSM in the United Kingdom (UK) may be warranted. Given this and existing research on the high prevalence of genitally acquired HSV-1 amongst MSM in the UK, further research is also warranted into the role of HSV-1 in the HIV epidemic in this context.
Possible importation and subsequent cross-transmission of OXA-48-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae, France, 2010
Authors: Decre D , Birgand G , Geneste D , Maury E , Petit J  C , Barbut F , Arlet G
Published: November 2017

We report the possible first patient-to-patient transmission of Klebsiella pneumoniae with decreased susceptibility to imipenem and producing OXA-48, CTX-M15, TEM-1 and OXA-1 in a French hospital.
Phylogenetic analysis in a recent controlled outbreak of Crimean-Congo haemorrhagic fever in the south of Iran, December 2008
Authors: Chinikar S , Ghiasi S M , Moradi M , Goya M M , Reza Shirzadi M , Zeinali M , Mostafavi E , Pourahmad M , Haeri A
Published: November 2017

Crimean-Congo haemorrhagic fever (CCHF) is a viral zoonotic disease with a high mortality rate in humans. The CCHF virus is transmitted to humans through the bite of Ixodid ticks or contact with blood or tissues of CCHF patients or infected livestock. In December 2008, a re-emerging outbreak of CCHF occurred in the southern part of Iran. Five people were hospitalised with sudden fever and haemorrhaging, and CCHF was confirmed by RT-PCR and serological assays. One of the cases had a fulminant course and died. Livestock was identified as the source of infection; all animals in the incriminated herd were serologically analysed and more than half of them were positive for CCHFV. We demonstrated that two routes of transmission played a role in this outbreak: contact with tissue and blood of infected livestock, and nosocomial transmission. Phylogenetic analyses helped to identify the origin of this transmission. This outbreak should be considered as a warning for the national CCHF surveillance system to avoid further outbreaks through robust prevention and control programmes.
Paralelização e comparação de métodos iterativos na solução de sistemas lineares grandes e esparsos
Authors: Martins de Paula Lauro Cássio
Published: November 2017

Apresenta-se neste trabalho uma comparação de desempenho computacional entre métodos iterativos utilizados para solução de sistemas lineares. O objetivo é mostrar que a utilização de processamento paralelo fornecido por uma Graphics Processing Unit (GPU) pode ser viável, por viabilizar a solução rápida de sistemas de equações lineares, para que sistemas grandes e esparsos possam ser solucionados em um espaço curto de tempo. Para a validação do trabalho, utilizou-se uma GPU, por meio da arquitetura Compute Unified Device Architecture (CUDA), e comparou-se o desempenho computacional dos métodos iterativos de Jacobi, Gauss-Seidel, BiCGStab e BiCGStab(2) paralelizado na solução de sistemas lineares de tamanhos variados. Foi possível observar uma aceleração significativa nos testes com o método paralelizado, que se acentua consideravelmente na medida em que os sistemas aumentam. Os resultados mostraram que a aplicação de processamento paralelo em um método robusto e eficiente, tal como o BiCGStab(2), se torna muitas vezes indispensável, para que simulações sejam realizadas com qualidade e em tempo não proibitivo.Palavras-chave: CUDA. GPU. BiCGStab(2).Parallelization and comparison of interative methods in solving large and sparse linear systemsAbstractThis paper presents a computational performance comparison between some iterative methods used for linear systems solution. The goal is to show that the use of parallel processing provided by a Graphics Processing Unit (GPU) may be more feasible, for making possible the fast solution of linear equations systems in order that complex and sparse problems can be solved in a short time. To validate the paper a GPU through the NVIDIA's Compute Unified Device Architecture (CUDA) was employed and the computational performance was compared with Jacobi, Gauss-Seidel, BiCGStab iterative methods and BiCGStab(2) parallelized in the solution of linear systems of varying sizes. There was a significant acceleration in tests with the parallelized code, which increases considerably as much as systems increase. The results showed that the application of parallel processing in a robust and efficient method, as BiCGStab(2), it is often necessary for the simulations be performed with quality and in not prohibitive time.Keywords: CUDA. GPU. BiCGStab(2).
Localização de faltas em linhas de transmissão em corrente contínua segmentadas
Authors: Silveira Eduardo Gonzaga , De Oliveira Frederico José
Published: November 2017

Este trabalho apresenta uma técnica para a localização de faltas em sistemas de transmissão High Voltage Direct Current (HVDC) constituídos por linhas aéreas e cabos isolados. O método foi baseado na coleta de dados de dois terminais nas extremidades do elo de corrente contínua e pela detecção de faltas através de coeficientes da Transformada Wavelet Discreta tipo Haar. A partir do problema proposto, foi simulado com o auxílio do Alternative Transient Program (ATP), um sistema de transmissão em corrente contínua monopolar com conversores a tiristor Current Source Converter (CSC), constituído de duas linhas aéreas de 150 km e 80 km, e um segmento intermediário de cabo subterrâneo com 80 km. Os dados das respostas transitórias de curtos-circuitos em diferentes segmentos do elo foram carregados em uma interface gráfica criada no Matrix Laboratory (MATLAB), para realizar as rotinas de pré-processamento, além de detectar e localizar a falta. O método foi testado para diferentes taxas de amostragem e impedâncias de falta, ele apresentou resultados satisfatórios na localização de faltas em todos os segmentos da linha, com erros em torno de 0,5% do comprimento total do elo, além do baixo custo computacional, o que mostra a viabilidade de sua implementação prática.Palavras-chave: HVDC. Localização de faltas. ATP. Transformada Wavelet.Location of faults in transmission lines in continuous segmented streamAbstractThis paper presents a technique for location of faults in High Voltage Direct Current (HVDC) transmission systems constituted of overhead lines and cables. The method was based on data collection of two terminals on the extremity of the continuous stream link, and through the fault detection using the Discrete Wavelet Transform coefficients of Haar type. From the proposed problem, it was simulated, with the support of the Alternative Transient Program (ATP), a transmission system in monopolar continuous stream with thyristor converters Current Source Converter (CSC), constituted of two overhead lines of 150 km and 80 km, and an intermediate segment of underground cable with 80 km. The data of the transient responses of short circuits, in different segments of the link, were loaded in a graphical interface (GUI) created in Matrix Laboratory (MATLAB) to perform the routines of the pre-processing, besides detecting and localizing the fault. The method was tested for different sampling rates and fault impedances. It showed satisfactory results on the location of the faults in all segments of the line, with errors around 0.5 % of the total length of the link, beyond the low computational cost, which shows the viability of its practical implementation.Keywords: HVDC. Fault location. ATP. Wavelet Transform.
ALBOR: um simulador didático para auxiliar no ensino e aprendizagem de instruções Assembly
Authors: Borth Marcelo Rafael , De Oliveira Aldo Sergio
Published: November 2017

Alunos iniciam e ampliam seus conhecimentos com o hardware a partir da disciplina de Arquitetura de Computadores (AC), sendo que o estudo dessa disciplina é extensivo e complexo. Com o intuito de facilitar o entendimento dos estudantes e contribuir com o corpo docente na tarefa de ministrar aulas mais atrativas utilizam-se simuladores, permitindo que processos difíceis de serem entendidos sejam vistos por meio de vários níveis de abstração. Estudar conceitos complexos a partir de simuladores acelera o entendimento e faz diferença para o aluno prosseguir seus estudos. Seguindo esse princípio, esse artigo apresenta as principais características e recursos de um simulador desenvolvido que realiza simulação da execução das instruções assembly do MIPS. No simulador é possível visualizar graficamente o passo a passo das instruções para a execução de um programa.Palavras-chave: Simulador. MIPS. Arquitetura de Computadores.A didatic simulator for support teaching and learning Assembly instructionsStudents start and expand their knowledge with the hardware from the discipline of Computer Architecture (CA), and the study of CA is extensive and complex. In order to facilitate the understanding of the students and  to contribute to the training classes a little more easier, is used simulators, allowing processes sometimes difficult to be understood to be seen through several levels of abstraction. Studying complex concepts from a simulator accelerates the understanding and make the difference for the student to continue his studies. Following this principle, this article shows the main characteristics and features of a full-fledged simulator that performs simulation based on the implementation of MIPS assembly instructions. On the simulator it is possible view graphically a step-by-step instructions for execution of a program.Keywords: Simulator. MIPS. Computer Architecture.
Health Promotion Centres in urban Nepal: two major questions and a fitting solution
Authors: Sharma Sudesh Raj
Published: November 2017

No abstract available.
Les dénonciations publiques d'agressions sexuelles : du mauvais usage de la présomption d'innocence
Authors: Lessard Michaël
Published: November 2017

Lorsqu'une victime dénonce son agresseur sur la place publique, certaines personnes tentent de la réduire au silence en invoquant le droit à la présomption d'innocence. Ce fut particulièrement évident en 2014, lors du mouvement #AgressionNonDénoncée ; ce le fut encore à l'automne 2015, alors que des femmes autochtones de Val-d'Or dénonçaient les agressions sexuelles commises à leur endroit par des policiers ; ce le fut aussi en 2016 à l'occasion de la dénonciation du député Gerry Sklavounos par Alice Paquet ; et l'argument légaliste réapparaît ainsi périodiquement sur la scène publique. Pourtant, peut-on vraiment bâillonner une victime en mettant de l'avant les droits de son agresseur ? L'auteur estime qu'il s'agit là d'un mauvais usage de la présomption d'innocence. Dans ce texte, il explique que la présomption d'innocence doit être replacée dans son contexte juridique. Le droit à la présomption d'innocence est un principe fondamental qui protège les accusés contre le pouvoir punitif de l'État. Il trouve uniquement application dans le processus pénal et n'est pas conçu pour être employé sur la scène publique. De plus, l'auteur explique que, dans le cadre du processus pénal, la présomption d'innocence favorise la création d'un espace de discussion où les parties peuvent débattre de la culpabilité. Pourtant, lorsqu'elle est invoquée sur la scène publique, elle ne fait que placer les victimes dans un processus violent de remise en question de leur crédibilité, tout en protégeant les agresseurs. Son invocation crée une atmosphère qui décourage les dénonciations. Le débat public dévie, laissant peu de place pour critiquer nos systèmes de plaintes dysfonctionnels et la culture du viol. En ce sens, la présomption d'innocence n'est pas invoquée afin d'établir un dialogue constructif, mais plutôt pour faire taire les critiques.
3D-Druck-Serviceplattform in der Instandhaltung
Authors: Austerjost Maximilian , Besenfelder Christoph , Niehues Stephanie , Wortmann Britta
Published: November 2017

Kurzfassung

3D-Druck-Prozesse haben enormes Potenzial zur Veränderung zukünftiger Wertschöpfungsmuster. In dem Forschungsvorhaben IT’S DIGITIVE wird untersucht, wie 3D-Druck-basierte Services gestaltet, gesteuert, abgesichert und vor Manipulationen geschützt werden können. Die Schwerpunkte liegen auf dem Schutz des geistigen Eigentums und der Entwicklung von sicheren und vertrauenswürdigen Auftragsabwicklungsprozessen. Basierend auf den grundlegenden Anforderungen von Produktgewährleistung und Datenschutz werden am Beispiel zweier Use Cases entsprechende sicherheitstechnische Gegenmaßnahmen entwickelt und prototypisch in einer Dienstplattform für 3D-Druck-basierte Servicedienste als Demonstrator umgesetzt.
Simulation des Maschinen-verhaltens einer Verzahnungshonmaschine in MATLAB
Authors: Brecher Christian , Klocke Fritz , Kiesewetter Caroline , Schrank Maximilian , Epple Alexander , Löpenhaus Christoph
Published: November 2017

Kurzfassung

Das Verzahnungshonen ist ein Hartfeinbearbeitungsverfahren, das zum Beispiel in der produktiven Großserienfertigung von Zahnrädern für die Automobilindustrie eingesetzt wird. Hierbei ist die vollständige Ausnutzung der theoretischen Leistungsfähigkeit der Maschinen anzustreben. Dies wird jedoch durch das Auftreten selbsterregter Schwingungen und dadurch entstehende Abweichungen von der geforderten Verzahnungsqualität behindert. Daher wird am WZL der RWTH Aachen untersucht, wie die Stabilität beim Verzahnungshonen vorhergesagt werden kann. In diesem Beitrag wird ein Ansatz zur Simulation des Maschinenverhaltens einer Verzahnungshonmaschine vorgestellt.
Strong Inhibition of the Fe3+ + H2O2 Reaction by Ethanol: Evidence against the Free Radical Theory
Authors: Kremer Mordechai L.
Published: November 2017

The effect of ethanol on the catalytic decomposition of H2O2 by Fe3+ was investigated. While expecting a simple competitive oxidation of C2H5OH, far more complex kinetics were encountered experimentally: already minute amounts of C2H5OH (1% of H2O2) had a powerful retardation effect on the disappearance of H2O2. This fact indicated the operation of an intricate mechanism. It excluded the possibility of OH• radicals being the active agents in the oxidation: OH• radicals generated by radiolysis react with C2H5OH with a very high rate constant. The interpretation of the experimental results was based on a mechanism involving iron in a +5 oxidation state (FeO3+) as the active intermediate and its binding in complex structures in which activity is reduced. The question of free radical versus non-radical mechanisms is discussed. The conclusions differ from generally accepted concepts in relation to the Fenton and related reactions.
Effect of foliar application of moringa leaf extract on growth and yield of late sown wheat
Authors: Jhilik Nusrat Zahan , Hoque Tahsina Sharmin , Md Moslehuddin Abu Zofar , Abedin Md Anwarul
Published: November 2017

Moringa oleifera leaf extract has a potential effect as a growth enhancer of many crops. An experiment was conducted at the Soil Science Field Laboratory of Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, Bangladesh to evaluate the effect of foliar application of moringa leaf extract on growth and yield of late sown wheat (BARI Gom-26). The experiment was laid out in a randomized complete block design with six treatments and three replications. The treatments were T1 (Control), T2 [moringa leaf extract (MLE) sprayed only at tillering stage], T3 (MLE sprayed at tillering and jointing stages), T4 (MLE sprayed at tillering, jointing and booting stages), T5 (MLE sprayed at tillering, jointing, booting and heading stages), and T6 (MLE sprayed only at heading stage). Application of moringa leaf extract significantly increased the growth and yield attributes as well as grain and straw yield of wheat. Among various treatments with moringa leaf extract the performance of T4 (MLE sprayed at tillering, jointing and booting stages) was the best as it produced the tallest plant (87.87 cm), the highest fresh and dry weight of root (16.51 g and 11.37 g respectively), the highest number of spikelets spike-1 (19.70) and filled grains spike-1 (45.53), as well as the highest grain and straw yield (3.62 t ha-1 and 5.43 t ha-1 respectively) of wheat. Therefore, moringa leaf extract as a foliar spray can be applied at critical growth stages to increase the growth and yield potentiality of late sown wheat.Asian J. Med. Biol. Res. September 2017, 3(3): 323-329
Evaluation of productive and reproductive performances of local and crossbred cows in Manikgonj district of Bangladesh
Authors: Rahman Md Habibur , Ali Md Younus , Juyena Nasrin Sultana , Bari Farida Yeasmin
Published: November 2017

A total of 90 lactating cows from twelve dairy farms were used to conduct this study in order to evaluate the productive and reproductive performance of crossbred and local cows at farmer’s level in Manikgong district. All cows were divided into three groups, according to their genetic composition as Local, Local x Friesian and Local x Friesian x Friesian cows. The results showed late sexual maturity (37.41±0.03 months), calving interval (481.86±0.33 days), shortest lactation period (198.46±2.36 days) and lowest average milk production (2.25±0.04 L/day) in local cows. On the contrary, longest lactation period (266.43±1.18 days) and highest average milk production (7.45±0.11 L/day) were observed in LFF cows, whereas early sexual maturity (30.58±0.02 months) was found in Local x Friesian cows. From the above perspective it could be concluded that LFF crossbred cows may be suitable for profitable dairy farming in Bangladesh but herd life and life time productivity is one of the most influential factor for profitable dairy farming. However, further study with larger sample sizes covering more different management systems would be required to describe a better inference in this consideration.Asian J. Med. Biol. Res. September 2017, 3(3): 330-334
Fry production and its marketing system of North-West fisheries extension project at Parbatipur, Dinajpur, Bangladesh
Authors: Islam Md Samadul , Asif Abdulla Al , Sarker Baadruzzoha , Satter Abdus , Ahmed Meraz , Rahman Mizanur , Zafar Md Abu , Rahmatullah SM
Published: November 2017

In order to understand the present status of hatcheries, questionnaire interview and participatory rural appraisal tools were used in North-west Fisheries Extension Project (NFEP), Parbatipur during the period from July to December 2015. There are two hatcheries in NFEP, Parbatipur- a carp hatchery and a prawn hatchery. The production of spawn was around 611 kg in the year 2015. According to the target hatchery manager collected brood fish from rivers and other sources which he maintained in their brood stock ponds with proper management. The hatchery manager maintained proper age and weight of broods for spawning and followed the guideline of hatchery operation so that the quality of spawn and fry were good. It was found that the hatcheries produced fish seed of a variety of species such as Indian major carps, carpio, sarpunti, silver carp, grass carp, magur, shing as well as freshwater prawn. The hatchery production activities took place starting from February and continued up to September. The quantity of fish seed produce varied from 25 to 75 kg per hatching cycle depending on size and facilities of hatcheries. The price of fry in NFEP was being fixed by the hatchery manager. However, the price variation was seen due to seasonal variation, species and demand. The average price of fish seed was highest in monsoon and lowest in winter. A number of middlemen were involved in the fry marketing channel of NFEP at Parbatipur. They were responsible for increasing the price of fry at each stage of marketing channel.Asian J. Med. Biol. Res. September 2017, 3(3): 368-378
Economics of fish production in paddy fields in Bangladesh
Authors: Rahman Hafzur , Mirza Jabed Ali , Hossain Amir , Asif Abdulla Al , Haq Emdadul , Chwakravorty Palas , Rahman Mizanur
Published: November 2017

This study was conducted to assess profitability of fish production in paddy fields in the village of Kunia and Chandora, under Gacha union in Gazipur sadar upazila in Gazipur district. Primary data were collected from 15 fish farmers for the study during the period from June to November, 2016. Production performance of three stocking package were compared. CFP-1 package contained Thai sarpunti (24700/ha) + Tilapia (6175/ha); CFP-2 comprised of Thai sarpunti (24700/ha) + Common carp (6175/ha); while CFP-3 was represented by Thai sarpunti (24700/ha) + (Tilapia (6175/ha) + Common carp (6175/ha). Both tabular and functional analyses were used to achieve the objectives of the study. Fish productions in paddy fields are profitable business. The total cost of fish production under three selected stocking plans such as CFP-1, CFP-2 and CFP-3 were estimated to be Tk. 73085, Tk. 83459 and Tk. 86928 per ha, respectively. The corresponding total gross return (Tk./ha) were Tk. 209777, Tk. 274170 and Tk. 262721, respectively. The benefit cost ratio (BCR) was estimated to be 2.87, 3.28 and 3.02 for package-1, package-2 and package-3, respectively. Returns over per taka investment (NR/Tk.) were found to be 1.32, 1.69 and 1.42 for the above fish culture packages. Cobb-Douglas production function analysis indicated the positive contribution of fish fingerlings, fertilizer, fish feed and lime on the total income and farm productivity, while human labor and bank interest rate decreased the farm income. The values of R2 were 0.775, 0.739 and 0.812 for CFP-1, CFP-2 and CFP-3, respectively. About 77.5 percent, 73.9 percent and 81.2 percent of variation in yield and gross return of fish production in paddy fields could be explained by the multiple regression equations. Fish production in paddy fields are economically profitable, viable and environment friendly. The farmers may undertake fish culture in paddy fields if suitable paddy fields are available.Asian J. Med. Biol. Res. September 2017, 3(3): 379-390
Criminological Aspects of Meat Misbranding at Dhaka City in Bangladesh
Authors: Rahman A , Haque MA , Mia AK , Islam MS , Alam R
Published: November 2017

The ultimate goal of this study was to investigate the level of meat misbranding and adulteration from slaughterhouses, which is an indirect criminal activity according to the food law. In this study 87 slaughterhouses were selected from 30 markets in Dhaka municipal area purposively to collect data through a well-structured questionnaire. Results showed that a significant percentages of illegal activities done in slaughterhouses. Low weight given during the selling operations, mixing low quality species of meat with high quality one, low quality part of meat through hiding consumer concerns, water mixing before or after slaughter, un-hygienic practices and the level were 56.32%; 49.43%; 42.53%; 72.41% and 85.18% respectively. On the other hand, about 8.04% slaughterhouse used different types of non-meat chemical ingredients illegally to their product. Among four observed chemical sodium phosphate was used in 2.3% of slaughterhouses, nitrate & nitrite was used in 1.15% of slaughterhouses, sodium chloride was also used in 2.3% of slaughterhouses and cleaners & sanitizers was used in 3.45% of slaughterhouses. About 91.96% of slaughterhouses did not use those non meat ingredients chemical.J. Environ. Sci. & Natural Resources, 10(1): 41-44 2017
Investigation of Water Quality Parameters at Different Points in the Buriganga River, Bangladesh
Authors: Akbor MA , Uddin MK , Ahsan MA
Published: November 2017

Dhaka was established as a provincial capital of the Mughal ruler on the north-eastern bank of the Buriganga River during 1608-10. This river has enormous significance to the residents of Dhaka. Not only it surrounds the city, but also it provides important services to the residents including water supply, navigation, recreation, sanitation, fish production, tourism, biodiversity and flood control. A study was carried out to observe the ecological health hazards and their risk to human health of the Buriganga River. The samples were analyzed to determine water quality. The study showed that the water is high in biological oxygen demand (BOD), chemical oxygen demand (COD), Electrical conductivity (EC), Total dissolved solid (TDS), Salinity, Alkalinity, Turbidity and low in dissolved oxygen (DO) which revealed huge environmental health risks and possible ecological disruption of this river.J. Environ. Sci. & Natural Resources, 10(1): 75-80 2017
Investigation of Microbial Safety and Shelf-life of Locally Produced Bread and Cake in Tangail City, Bangladesh
Authors: Talukder MU , Huq AKO , Akter N , Hossen MU , Parvin K
Published: November 2017

The study was carried out to assess the microbial quality for shelf life of different bread and cake samples, locally produced in Tangail city of Bangladesh. A total 10 samples of different brand bread and cake were collected from different shop kipper for microbiological analysis. The total viable count (TVC) of samples ranged from 1.0 × 102 cfu/g to 1.3 × 106 cfu/g at first day, 1.17 × 108 cfu/g to 7.3 × 1010 cfu/g at third day and 2.35 × 1014 cfu/g to 1.2 ×1018cfu/g at fifth day, where WHO permitted maximum 2.0x105 cfu/g for TVC. Total coliform count (TCC) ranged from 2 cfu/g to 244 cfu/g at first day, 1.07× 105 cfu/g to 3.3× 108 cfu/g at third day and 2.08 × 1010 cfu/g to 1.9 × 1014 cfu/g at fifth day (maximum permitted value 200 cfu/g). Again, total fungal count (TFC) ranged from 6 cfu/g to 1.1 × 106 cfu/g at first day, 1.23× 106 cfu/g to 2.2 × 1012 cfu/g at third day and 1.82× 1013 cfu/g to 9.2 × 1017 cfu/g at fifth day (maximum permitted value 1×105 cfu/g). According to the WHO Standard, the microbiological parameters of all collected bread and cake were out of the permitted standards after third day. It was postulated that lack of good manufacturing practices including poor hygiene and sanitation, nutrient rich bread and cake makes a good medium for microbial growth. Therefore, an immediate step should be taken to aware the bakery owner as well as consumers about the sanitation and hygiene to make safety food products.J. Environ. Sci. & Natural Resources, 10(1): 81-84 2017
Study on the Morpho-physiological Character of Four Quality Protein of Maize (Corn)
Authors: Mondal SK , Rahman MM
Published: November 2017

The experiment was conducted to find out the morpho-physiological variability in response to different sowing dates in four lines of Quality Protein Maize (QPM) in in the Field Laboratory of the Department of Crop Botany, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh. The study was carried out with four lines of maize and two sowing dates, 15 November (T1) and 15 December, ((T2). Sowing date differed significantly in plant height, length of leaf blade, length of leaf sheath, leaf breadth, cob length, cob diameter, length of tassel, days to 50% tasselling, days to 50 % silking, days to maturity, number of cobs per plant, cob weight, number of grain per cob. 1000-seed weight, percent underdeveloped cob, total dry matter and grain yield, but did not differ in number of leaves and protein percent. The lines differed significantly among themselves in those characters except number of leaves per plant, length of leaf sheath, cob length, cob diameter, days to 50% tasselling, number of cobs per plants and number of grain per cob. The line Across 8666 (V2) and (V3) gave the highest grain yield 4.57 and 4.55 and the lowest from (V4) lines 4.41 tons per hectare. The 15 November sowing time (T1) gave the highest grain yield 4.86 tons per hectare. In case of interaction, the earlier planting time (T1) showed better performance with all lines. On the other hand, the highest yield was found from combination of line V2 and V3 with earlier planting time (T1).J. Environ. Sci. & Natural Resources, 10(1): 117-124 2017
Efficacy of Some Botanical Extracts on Plant Growth, Yield and Pest Management in Eggplant Field
Authors: Azad MAK , Sarker SK
Published: November 2017

An experiment was conducted to evaluate the efficacy of nine botanical extracts on plant growth, yield and pest management in eggplant field. Aqueous extracts of dried leaves of Nicotiana tabacum, Aegle marmelos, Ficus hispida, Lawsonia inermis, Vitex negundo and seeds of Carum roxburghianum, Corchorus capsularis and Swietenia macrophylla and bulb of Allium sativum were prepared and sprayed in experimental eggplant field at University of Rajshahi during January 1, 2014 to May 5, 2014. Out of these nine botanicals, Nicotiana tabacum extract showed best performance against pest attack in eggplant field. The leaf extract of Ficus hispida also showed good efficacy in the protection of eggplant from pest attack. The highest plant length and fruit yield were recorded in the treatment of Nicotiana tabacum, whereas second and third highest productions were observed in Aegle marmelos and Ficus hispida treatments, respectively. Both Allium sativum and Carum roxburghianum extracts were found to show phyto-toxicity to eggplant and hampered the plant growth and yield.J. Environ. Sci. & Natural Resources, 10(1): 137-140 2017
Transatlantic Networks of Early African Pentecostalism: The Role of Thomas Brem Wilson, 1901–1929
Authors: Killingray David
Published: November 2017

Proto-Pentecostalist ideas in Britain owe a debt to the activities of the Gold Coast businessman Thomas Brem Wilson (1865–1929), who settled in London in 1901. His recently discovered diaries and personal papers detail his commercial interests and activities in West Africa and his relationships with a number of fellow Africans living in London. The diaries also record Brem Wilson's transatlantic involvement with J. A. Dowie's faith healing Catholic Apostolic Church in London and Zion City, Illinois, which he visited in 1904; evangelistic work among his African friends in London and in the Gold Coast; and his personal and financial relations with Alexander Boddy. In 1908 Brem Wilson helped found the first black-led Pentecostal church in Britain, where he was a pastor for the rest of his life.
Prophetic Pedagogy: Critically Engaging Public Officials in Rwanda
Authors: Thasiah Victor
Published: November 2017

After genocide, civil war and a complex history of colonial and postcolonial state violence, many within and beyond the African Great Lakes region have called for Rwandan Christians to better maintain critical distance from the state and hold public officials responsible for the flourishing of all, regardless of ethnic identity or political persuasion. The pairing of Rwandan community organising practices and Emmanuel Katongole's political theology offers what I call a prophetic pedagogy for responding to this need. To support this claim, we consider (1) Katongole's theoretical contribution to prophetic Christianity in Africa; (2) the practical contribution of John Rutsindintwarane – the founder–executive director of PICO Rwanda (People Improving Communities through Organizing) – to critically engaging public officials through community organising; and (3) the views of PICO Rwanda's most respected leaders, who demonstrate the potential for holding the Rwanda government accountable. We also use PICO Rwanda's work to develop an effective response to Katongole's sharpest critics.