bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Endocrinomic profile of neurointermediate lobe pituitary prohormone processing in PC1/3- and PC2-Null mice using SELDI-TOF mass spectrometry
Authors: Hardiman Atira , Friedman Theodore C , Grunwald William C , Furuta Machi , Zhu Ziaorong , Steiner Donald F , Cool David R
Published: June 2005

Pro-vasopressin and pro-oxytocin are prohormones processed in the neurointermediate lobe pituitary to form the biologically active peptide hormones, arginine vasopressin (AVP) and oxytocin. Neurointermediate lobe pituitaries from normal (+/+), heterozygous (+/−), PC2-Null (−/−), PC1/3-Null and oxytocin-Null mice were analyzed by SELDI-TOF mass spectroscopy for the peptide hormone products, AVP, oxytocin and neurophysin I and II. Molecular ion species with masses characteristic of oxytocin, AVP, neurophysin I and II, i.e. 1009.41, 1084.5, 9677 and 9679 daltons respectively, were identified in all but the oxytocin-Null mice by comparison with synthetic standards or by C-terminal sequence analysis. Other ion species were found specifically in PC2-Null, heterozygote or normal mice. The results indicate that, in mice, both PC1/3 or PC2 enzyme activity are capable, but not required to correctly process pro-vasopressin or pro-oxytocin to their constituent active peptide hormones.
Construct Validity and Reliability of Scores on Scales to Measure the Impairment of Health-Related Quality of Life in Persons With Asthma
Authors: Baghi Heibatollah , Atherton Martin
Published: June 2005

The purpose of this study was to test the reliability, validity, and effectiveness of a health-related quality of life (HRQOL) instrument—the MiniAQLQ—among persons with asthma who were using a web-based intervention for guided self-management (www.MyAsthma.com). The MiniAQLQ was completed online in 1999 by 307 participants referred to www.MyAsthma.com by their primary care physicians. Construct validity of the MiniAQLQ was assessed by principal components analysis; reliability was estimated using Cronbach’s alpha coefficient; and differences in means between pretest and posttest were analyzed using paired t test. The analysis produced four empirically meaningful factors with reliability of scores ranging from 0.65 to 0.94. Participants reported significant improvement in HRQOL after participating in this intervention. The four factors (activities, symptoms, emotions, and environment) generated by the principal components analysis empirically supported the four domains used in the development of the MiniAQLQ. Scores for the four factors were internally consistent and assessed the distinct domains. The MiniAQLQ appears to be a psychometrically sound instrument for measuring HRQOL online among asthma patients who are participating in online interventions.
Depression and Suicidal Ideation Among Mexican American School-Aged Children
Authors: Cowell Julia Muennich , Gross Deborah , McNaughton Diane , Ailey Sarah , Fogg Louis
Published: June 2005

The purpose of this study was to describe depression and suicidal ideation rates in a community sample of 182 urban fourth and fifth grade Mexican American children using the Children’s Depression Inventory (CDI). We used a descriptive secondary data analysis design. The mean CDI score was 9.55 (SD= 5.8). Thirty-one percent fell in the depressed range using a clinical cut point of 12 and 7% fell into the depressed range using the non-clinical cut point of 19. Thirty-eight percent (n= 69) reported suicidal ideation. The depression rate was consistent with national rates. A non-clinical cut point of 19 showed that 87% of children reporting suicidal ideation were not identified as depressed. Many of these children do not report the most typical symptoms of depression. The results of this study provide school nurses with vital information to support efforts addressing the mental health needs of Mexican American children.
Adulthood Depression, Anxiety, and Trauma Symptoms: A Comparison of Women With Nonabusive, Abusive, and Absent Father Figures in Childhood
Authors: Downs William R. , Rindels Barb
Published: June 2005

We collected data from 447 women (aged 18 or higher) from seven domestic violence programs and five substance use disorder treatment programs in a midwestern state. Women who reported a nonabusive natural/adoptive father or stepfather (N= 185), abusive natural/adoptive father or stepfather (N= 200), or absent father figure (N= 40) were compared on a series of mental health measures with multivariate analysis of variance and pairwise post hoc comparisons using the Bonferroni test. Women with absent father figures were found to have significantly lower mean scores on the Beck Anxiety Inventory, Beck Depression Inventory, and Trauma Symptom Checklist-40 (TSC-40) than women with abusive fathers. There were no significant differences between women with absent father figures and women with nonabusive father figures on the Beck Anxiety Inventory, Beck Depression Inventory, and TSC-40. Implications for research, practice, and policy are discussed.
Tetracycline Fibers as an Adjunct in the Treatment of Nifedipine‐Induced Gingival Enlargement
Authors: Sakellari Dimitra , Vouros Ioannis D. , Aristodemou Elena , Konstantinidis Antonis B. , Socransky Sigmund , Goodson Max
Published: June 2005

Background: The hypothesis that nifedipine‐induced gingival enlargement in periodontitis patients can be treated with the adjunctive use of tetracycline (TCN) fibers was tested in this study.

Methods: Ten patients (mean age 66 ± 4 years) with chronic periodontitis combined with nifedipine‐induced gingival enlargement participated. Full mouth recordings of clinical parameters (probing depth, clinical attachment level, bleeding on probing, presence or absence of plaque) were assessed at baseline and gingival enlargement was estimated from casts. Participants were instructed in proper oral hygiene and received supragingival scaling before being reassessed 1 month later. They subsequently received full‐mouth scaling and root planing followed by the immediate placement of TCN fibers in all pockets >5 mm. Clinical parameters were reassessed at 3, 6, and 12 months after completion of treatment.

Results: TCN fiber placement was well tolerated by patients. All clinical parameters recorded displayed significant improvements after treatment, and they were preserved for the 12‐month experimental period. A significant reduction of the percentage of pockets >5 mm was noticed after treatment. The reduction of enlargement was still observed at 12 months despite patients not achieving optimal oral hygiene.

Conclusion: Placement of tetracycline fibers as an adjunct to mechanical treatment is an option for the non‐invasive therapy of nifedipine‐induced gingival enlargement in periodontitis patients whose general medical condition and concomitant ailments do not favor a surgical approach. J Periodontol 2005;76:1034‐1039.
Pathologic Tooth Migration
Authors: Brunsvold Michael A.
Published: June 2005

Pathologic tooth migration (PTM) is a common complication of moderate to severe periodontitis and is often the motivation for patients to seek periodontal therapy. In this review of the literature, available information concerning prevalence, etiology, treatment, and prevention of pathologic tooth migration is summarized.

Prevalence of PTM among periodontal patients has been reported to range from 30.03% to 55.8%. A survey of the literature regarding chief complaints of periodontal patients support these high prevalence findings. The etiology of PTM appears to be multifactorial. Periodontal bone loss appears to be a major factor in the etiology of PTM. Many aspects of occlusion can contribute to abnormal migration of teeth, and more than one of those factors may be present in an individual patient. Soft tissue forces of the tongue, cheeks, and lips are known to cause tooth movement and in some situations can cause PTM. Also considered important in the etiology of PTM is pressure produced from inflammatory tissues within periodontal pockets. Because extrusion is a common form of PTM, clinical observations support the theory that eruption forces sometimes play a role in the etiology of PTM. Many oral habits have been associated with PTM which are often difficult for the therapist to detect.

Most cases of severe PTM require a team approach to achieve success. Periodontal, orthodontic, and prosthodontic treatment are often required. Many patient variables enter into the selection of treatment for PTM. In early stages of PTM, spontaneous correction of migrated teeth sometimes occurs after periodontal therapy. Light intrusive forces are used successfully to treat extrusion and flaring forms of PTM.

Based on the literature reviewed, it appears that many cases of PTM could be prevented through the early diagnosis and treatment of periodontal disease, occlusal contributing factors, gingival enlargement, and oral habits. J Periodontol 2005;76:859‐866.
Echelles de temps et d'espace du controle tectonique d'un bassin flexural intracratonique; le bassin de Paris
Authors: Robin Cecile , Guillocheau Francois , Allemand Pascal , Bourquin Sylvie , Dromart Gilles , Gaulier Jean-Michel , Prijac Christophe
Published: June 2005

The Meso-Cenozoic intracratonic flexural Paris Basin is a good tool to determinate the time/space-scales of the tectonic control on the sedimentary record. This study is based on basin-scale 2D sedimentary geometries of the different orders of stratigraphic cycles and on 1D/3D accommodation space measurements (space available for sediments created by subsidence and/or eustatism). Tectonic controls occur at least at three different time-scales: 230 m.y. (basin evolution), 10-40 m.y. (major stratigraphic cycles) and 1-5 m.y. (minor stratigraphic cycles). The evolution of the flexural intracratonic Paris basin can be described as the result of a long term thermal subsidence component with superimpositions of short-term tectonic components, due to intraplate deformations of 10-40 Ma and 1-5 Ma frequencies.
What was the late Pliocene Mediterranean climate like; a preliminary quantification from vegetation
Authors: Combourieu-Nebout Nathalie , Fauquette Severine , Quezel Pierre
Published: June 2005

Reconstruction of the composition and organisation of the late Pliocene vegetation in central Mediterranean and quantification of the climatic requirements of its main representatives allow temperature and precipitation estimates during the late Pliocene glacial/interglacial cycles, at ca 2.4 Ma. The late Pliocene climatic glacial and interglacial conditions are illustrated on a bioclimagram which correlates the mean annual temperature and precipitation criteria. Comparison between modern and late Pliocene vegetation indicates that late Pliocene interglacial climate was approximately 4 degrees C warmer, with more higher amount of precipitation than today, and that conditions similar to modern ones prevailed during late Pliocene glacials.
La tectonique cisaillante polyphasee du Sud Limousin (Massif central francais) et son interpretation dans un modele d'evolution polycyclique de la chaine hercynienne
Authors: Roig Jean-Yves , Faure Michel
Published: June 2005

Structural, kinematics and thermo-barometric analyses of the ductile deformation of the south-Limousin metamorphic formations show a polyphase shear tectonics corresponding to two different thrusting events. The older one, is a to the top-to-the-SW thrusting during middle Devonian. This deformation occurs under minimum PT conditions of 7 Kbar/700 degrees C simultaneously to anatexis. The second event is a top-to-the-NW shearing which occurred in late Devonian-early Carboniferous under Barrovian conditions (5 kbar/600 degrees C). Diorites bodies and non-eclogitized mafic rocks allow us to argue for an extensional phase between the two thrusting events. These two ductile and syn-metamorphic deformations take place in a polycyclic evolution model of the Hercynian belt of the French Massif Central.
Analyse quantitative de fracturation des calcaires ypresiens en Tunisie; l'exemple de jebel Ousselat
Authors: Boukadi Noureddine , El Ayeb Sadok , Kharbachi Samir
Published: June 2005

Field studies performed on the well developed fracture system affecting the Ypresian carbonate series of the nummulitic El Gueria Formation and the Globigerinae Bou Dabbous Formation (Jebel Ousselat; Central Tunisia), has led to a better understanding of the effect of fracture systems on the general petrophysical parametres (porosity and permeability) of these two proven petroleum reservoir systems. In this study, we were able to assess a comprehensive quantitative method integrating many parametres such as: major and minor fault trending systems, fracture density and frequency of each fracture system. Results obtained from applying this methodology attest that fracture system analysis should be necessarily integrated in the general approach for estimating reservoir qualities of similar deposits in Tunisia.
Le Trias a caractere extrusif de la zone des domes; example de la structure de Debadib-Ben Gasseur (Tunisie septentrionale)
Authors: Hatira Nouri , Smati Amor , Mansouri Abdelbaki , Perthuisot Vincent , Rouvier Henri
Published: June 2005

The Debadib-Ben Gasseur anticlinal structure, situated between El Kef and the Algero-Tunisian border, belongs to one of the main diapiric, alignments of the oriental Maghreb. It constitutes an elliptic form oriented NE-SW. The heart is occupied by Triassic residual evaporites containing basaltic volcanites which seem to indicate an extensional setting during the Triassic period. The contact between the saliferous bodies and surrounding Cretaceous-Tertiary age rocks is locally underlined by conglomerates including reworked Triassic blocks and glauconite, suggesting a sedimentary contact. Biostratigraphic and sub-surface data could indicate, in terms of model reconstitution, an extrusive system with numerous phases starting in the Aptian and acting until the Tertiary period. However, tectonic events are clearly expressed during the Miocene.
Late Paleocene event chronology; unconformities, not diachrony
Authors: Aubry Marie-Pierre , Cramer Benjamin S. , Miller Kenneth G. , Wright James D. , Kent Dennis V. , Olsson Richard K.
Published: June 2005

The chronology of the events associated with the late Paleocene thermal maximum (LPTM, Chron C24r) has been established through the construction of a composite reference section that involved chemomagnetobiostratigraphic correlations and assumed minimum diachrony of biostratigraphic events. On this basis, discrepancies between correlations in different sections were explained by inferred unconformities. However, diachrony between distant sections cannot be ruled out. We report here on two geographically close sections drilled onshore New Jersey that yield different records of chemomagnetobiostratigraphic correlations in the interval representing Chron C24r. Because of their proximity ( approximately 40 km apart), diachrony of biostratigraphic events between the two sections can be ruled out. In contrast, the marked lithologic disconformities in the sections explain well the different records of events. We thus conclude that the current relative chronology for Chron C24r is firmly based and that the upper Paleocene-lower Eocene stratigraphic record yields multiple unconformities, with Subzone NP9b rarely sampled. We examine the implications that undeciphered unconformities may have on the identification of proxies for paleoceanographic reconstruction, in particular with regard to the identification of the carbon isotope excursion (CIE) that reflects a dramatic latest Paleocene disturbance of the carbon cycle. We propose biostratigraphic means (short-lived calcareous nannoplankton and planktonic foraminifera taxa) that permit the unequivocal identification of the CIE not only in the oceanic realm but also in neritic settings.
Effets de la texture petrographique sur les proprietes petrophysiques d'un calcaire en zone de diagenese meteorique (calcaire oligocene d'Aquitaine, France)
Authors: Cerepi Adrian , Humbert Louis , Burlot Rene
Published: June 2005

120 samples of three quarries of the Oligocene Aquitaine limestone were subjected to petrographic, petrophysical and chemical analyses. Strong variations of depositional and diagenetic textures were observed. Four main depositional textures characterize this limestone: mudstone-wackestone, packstone, packstone-grainstone and grainstone. The diagenetic transformations recognized and specially meteoric leaching increases the heterogeneity of porous medium. The "Pierre de Bordeaux" shows a high variation of porosity (12,8 % to 42,51%), permeability (4,27 to 4755 mD), specific surface (0,78 to 3,73 m 2 /g) and distribution of pore throats (from monomodal to three modal distribution). Petrophysical properties depend strongly on depositional and diagenetic patterns. Textures with two and three modal distribution of porous medium, packstone-grainstone and grainstone have the best reservoir properties. The meteoric dissolution associated to microfracturing improves strongly both the macroporosity, permeability in mudstone-wackestone and packstone and increases the pore space complexity in all textures.
Tectonique synsedimentaire d'age cretace superieur en Tunisie nord orientale; blocs bascules et reorganisation des aires de subsidence
Authors: Boutib Lahcen , Melki Fetheddine , Zargouni Fouad
Published: June 2005

Structural analysis of late Cretaceous sequences from the northeastern Tunisian Atlas, led to conclude on an active basin floor instability. Regional tectonics resulted in tilted blocks with a subsidence reorganization, since the Campanian time. These structural movements are controlled both by N140 and N100-120 trending faults. The Turonian-Coniacian and Santonian sequences display lateral thickness and facies variation, due to tectonic activity at that time. During Campanian-Maastrichtian, a reorganization of the main subsidence areas occurred, the early Senonian basins, have been sealed and closed and new half graben basins developed on area which constituted previously palaeohigh structures. These syndepositional deformations are characterized by frequent slumps, synsedimentary tilting materials, sealed normal faults and progressive low angle unconformities. These tilted blocks combined to a subsidence axis migration were induced by a NE-SW trending extensional regime. This extension which affects the Tunisian margin during the Upper Cretaceous, is related to the Tethyan and Mesogean rifting phase which resulted from the combined movements of the African and European plates.
Saisonnalite et effets de seuils de la sedimentation organique detritique en milieu lacustre; heterochronie de l'enregistrement organique et des fluctuations climatiques (bassin de Chaillexon, Doubs, France)
Authors: Di Giovanni Christian , Disnar Jean-Robert , Bichet Vincent , Campy Michael
Published: June 2005

Optical analysis (palynofacies) of the organic matter (OM), occurring in various compartments (soils, bedrock formations, lacustrine chalks) of the lacustrine basin of Chaillexon (Doubs, France) has led to the definition of organic markers. Their variable contributions were observed in suspended matters taken over a period of a year (annual scale) and in lacustrine sediments covering the last 12,000 years B.P. (millennial scale). Results obtained lead to three main conclusions. Firstly, there exists a seasonal variation in the detrital organic fluxes, directly linked to the autumnal litter production. This allows us to distinct the detrital OM loaded during autumn-winter organic floods and spring-summer ones. Secondly, the organic record in Boreal to modern sediments of the lake of Chaillexon, fed by autumn-winter fluxes, appears mainly controlled by the autumnal productivity of vegetal biomass. Thirdly, the organic record does not point out a progressive evolution of organic fluxes linked with successive climatic phases. It shows abrupt ruptures of the balance (threshold effects) corresponding with the passage of the tree line in the watershed. These ruptures are not necessarily synchronous with climatic fluctuations.
Effects of petroleum emplacement on cementation in carbonate reservoirs
Authors: Worden Richard H. , Heasley Emma C.
Published: June 2005

Carbonate diagenesis can theoretically either be enhanced or retarded by petroleum emplacement depending on: the oil-water wettability of the rocks, the CO 2 -content of the migrated petroleum, and the presence of oxidised sulphur or iron compounds in the rocks. A detailed case study of Jurassic oolites from a UK oil field showed first that petroleum emplacement retarded diagenesis in the oil leg and thus helped preserve permeability, but second showed that entrained CO 2 caused cementation and pore-system modification in the water leg.
Recalage biostratigraphique et nouvelle datation de surfaces d'emersion du Kimmeridgien-Tithonien dans le Jura meridional et consequences sur leur interpretation sequentielle
Authors: Enay Raymond
Published: June 2005

In various recent studies the area of Saint-Germain-de-Joux (Ain Department, France) has been used as a reference to define a new major sequence boundary that was added to the Exxon cycle chart and assigned to the Kimmeridgian-Tithonian boundary. Within the reef complex of Saint-Germain-de-Joux the new sequence boundary SB 140 is believed to be represented by the horizon overlain by a black-pebble conglomerate. A comprehensive survey of the biostratigraphical data already published proves the age of the discontinuity to be in fact late Kimmeridgian, Beckeri Zone. Following recent refinement of the vertical range of the species of the genus Gravesia, the Kimmeridgian-Tithonian boundary is now placed within the Gravesia beds in the lower part of the bioturbated limestone ("Calcaires a tubulures") of the Couches du Chailley Fm.
Premiere datation par ammonite et brachiopodes du Tithonien au Saleve (Haute-Savoie France), consequences sur l'interpretation stratigraphique de paleogeographique du Jurassique superieur
Authors: Enay Raymond , Boullier Annick
Published: June 2005

The oldest beds outcropping in the Mt Saleve have in the past been referred to the Kimmeridgian, but an ammonite found in situ together with some brachiopods give them a date somewhere in the middle part of the Lower Tithonian. Recently published interpretation of the local Upper Jurassic stratigraphy and relationship to the Jura platform have therefore to be revised. The Upper Jurassic succession at Saleve is distinguished by a Tithonian continuation of a carbonate platform facies prograding basinward, which compares well with the similar well-known Bec de I'Echaillon, near Grenoble. An erosional disconformity, related by other authors to a fall in relative sea-level and interpreted as a type I sequence boundary associated with a large emergence of the Jura platform, cannot be referred to the Kimmeridgian-Tithonian and must lie somewhere in the Lower Tithonian rocks above the Gravesia beds.
La denudation tectonique de la zone ultradauphinoise et l'inversion du front brianconnais au sud-est du Pelvoux (Alpes occidentales); une dynamique miocene a actuelle
Authors: Tricart Pierre , Schwartz Stephane , Sue Christian , Poupeau Gerard , Lardeaux Jean-Marc
Published: June 2005

In the western Alps, to the southeast of the Pelvoux massif (Champsaur-Embrunais-Brianconnais-Queyras transect), the Brianconnais zone consists of the southern tip of the Zone Houillere and small nappes of Mesozoic sediments, emplaced during the Eocene in HP-LT metamorphic conditions. During the Oligocene this tectonic pile was thrusted onto a late Eocene to early Oligocene flexural basin, deformed in low grade metamorphic conditions and belonging to the Ultradauphine zone. This major thrust, called here CBF [Chevauchement Brianconnais Frontal: Tricart 1986] represents the boundary between the external and the internal zones of the western Alps. It contains thin tectonic lenses of Subbrianconnais origin, so that the Brianconnais Front and the Penninic Front almost merge. Late Alpine extension. - We have recently discovered that the CBF was subsequently reactivated as an extensional detachment. This major negative inversion is associated with widespread extension in the internal (Brianconnais and Piemont) zones, resulting in multiscale normal faulting. Current field work in the Queyras area shows that this brittle multitrend extension is a continuation of the ductile extension that accompanied the exhumation of blue-schist bearing metamorphic units. Along the same transect, the external (Ultradauphine) zone was not affected by late-Alpine extension. This is still the present situation: to the east of the aseismic Pelvoux massif, the CBF bounds the Brianconnais seismic arc, the activity of which may be the continuation of the late-Alpine extension. At the scale of the western Alpine arc, active extensional-transtensional tectonics dominate in the internal zones while compressional uplift affects the external zone. In this contrasted stress field, the thrust-fault zone between internal and external arcs plays a major role of decoupling that can be demonstrated in several sites between the area analysed here and the Central Alps, including along the Ecors profile. Contribution of thermochronology. - In this paper, we compare apatite fission track (FT) ages from both sides of the inverted CBF to the southeast of the Pelvoux massif. In the hangingwall of the CBF, two ages were obtained from magmatic intrusions within the Zone houillere, close to Briancon. They are compared to recently published ages from the Champsaur Sandstones unit in the footwall of the CBF, along the same transect.
The oldest and first nearly complete skeleton of a chelid, of the Hydromedusa sub-group (Chelidae, Pleurodira), from the Upper Cretaceous of Patagonia
Authors: de la Fuente Marcelo , de Lapparent de Broin France , Manera de Bianco Teresa
Published: June 2005

A new pleurodiran (side necked) turtle is described on material from the Upper Cretaceous of Patagonia, from sediments outcropping at Cerro Blanco, Yaminue Creek, Rio Negro, Argentina. The sediments are compared to those from the Pellegrini lake area referred to the middle Member of the Allen Formation, Upper Campanian-Lower Maastrichtian. Yaminuechelys gasparinii n.g., n.sp., is a pleurodiran turtle on the pelvis sutured to the shell and a chelid on the formula of cervical vertebrae and the lateral cheek emargination, deeply extended towards (as here) or up to the posterior emargination. It is the oldest record of a nearly complete skeleton of a chelid, long necked (elongated cervical vertebrae, lowered skull), and the first sufficiently known of the Chelodina-Hydromedusa group (elongated skull, lowered neural arch and centrum of the cervicals, low zygapophyses processes, strong polygoned decoration) and of the Hydromedusa sub-group (widened inner nares by reduced palatine ossification). The carapace is 41,8 cm long. It is more primitive than Hydromedusa (Eocene-Extant, South America) and retains primitive characters either still present or no more present in the other chelids of the Pseudemydura, Emydura and Phrynops groups (short necked) and Chelus group (long necked), representing the anterior clades of phyletic diversification [Gaffney, 1977], or evolutive grades, of the family. Such are plesiomorphic, relative to Hydromedusa, the less pronounced lateral skull emargination, wider and longer hyoid elements, wider nucal and cervical, this not drawn back, presence of lateral mesoplastra, not shortened bridge, straight borders of the not shortened and not widened posterior plastral lobe, amphicoelous sacrals and caudal vertebrae uniting amphicoelous, concavoplaty--(i.e. anteriorly concave, posteriorly flat) and procoelous or weakly procoelous elements. As Hydromedusa, Yaminuechelys n. g. retains primitive characters such as the long series of neurals, the very lateral attachment of the axillar and inguinal processes and the attachment of the pelvis, below pleural 8 (and 7 in the extant form) and a small part of the suprapygal, and the ischitatic sutures prolonged on the xiphiplastral points. It is distinguished by the apomorphic presence of a wide and week anterior carapacial notch. Yaminuechelys n.g., or aff. Yaminuechelys spp. are known in Patagonia by fragmentary remains in a dozen of Upper Cretaceous and two Palaeocene localities. Before them, chelids are known in the world only by undefined smaller forms from Lower Albian and Upper Albian-Cenomanian Patagonian localities. In Australia, they are known from Palaeocene-Lower Eocene (no Cretaceous data before) with already extant Australian diversified forms. Yaminuechelys n.g. demonstrates how long the diversification in chelids is realized in South Gondwana before the full break of the continents.
Wind blown sediment mass budget of Sahelian village land units in Niger
Authors: Rajot Jean-Louis
Published: June 2005

To assess the mass budget of aeolian sediments transported by wind (erosion vs. deposition) at the scale of village land units (25 kmX25 km), measurements were carried out during 3 years (from 1996 to 1998) in a cultivated field and in a fallow area simultaneously. These were located in the Sahelian zone of Niger with an average annual rainfall of 560 mm. The vertical upward fluxes of particles <20 mu m exported from the study area were estimated from the horizontal sediment fluxes measured using BSNE sand catchers. This mass of exported dust was compared with the vertical downward fluxes of particles of the same size range (<20 mu m) measured using passive CAPYR collectors. Values of deposition recorded in the field and in the fallow were similar. In the field, wind erosion reached its maximum in May and June when the vegetation cover was minimal. In the fallow area, wind erosion was always very low in comparison with the field. It occurred during the strongest storms when the grass cover was minimal. Nevertheless, the net balance between deposition and erosion was highly positive in the fallow areas. These results have been extrapolated at the scale of the village land units based on the current land use. At this scale, the balance was positive for the arable land, indicating a net deposition of aeolian sediments of +0.36 t ha (super -1) yr (super -1) . However, the complete disappearance of fallow land would result in a balanced budget for the arable land.
Tectonometamorphic evolution of the Schistes Lustres Complex; implications for the exhumation of HP and UHP rocks in the Western Alps
Authors: Agard Philippe , Jolivet Laurent , Goffe Bruno
Published: June 2005

We present new structural and metamorphic data on the Schistes Lustres complex which occupies a central position in the western Alps between the external LP and the internal UHP domains (e.g., the Dora Maira massif). Metamorphic conditions are shown to increase progressively from west to east from ca. 12-13 kbar/300-350 degrees C to 20-21 kbar/450-500 degrees C close to the Dora Maira massif. Two distinct exhumation episodes are recognized: (1) A pervasive east-vergent ductile D2 event, with a large component of vertical shortening, took place under low blueschist-facies to greenschist-facies conditions. This event is responsible for most of the exhumation of the Schistes Lustres complex as well as for the preservation of carpholite occurrences at its front, and took place during the period 50-40 Ma. (2) A west-vergent ductile-to-brittle, highly non-coaxial, extensional D3 event subsequently developed, with a deformation intensity decreasing from east to west. This event took place at subgreenschist-facies conditions and is coeval with (and probably derives from) the west-vergent greenschist deformation taking place in the Dora Maira massif and other internal domains by ca. 40-35 Ma.
The Middle Jurassic-Lower Cretaceous Rosso Ammonitico succession of Monte Inici (Trapanese Domain, western Sicily); sedimentology, biostratigraphy and isotope stratigraphy
Authors: Cecca Fabrizio , Savary Berengere , Bartolini Annachiara , Remane Juergen , Cordey Fabrice
Published: June 2005

The pelagic Jurassic successions of the Trapani region of western Sicily are dominated by the characteristic Tethyan Rosso Ammonitico lithofacies. In order to revise the stratigraphy (sedimentology, microbiofacies, ammonite and calpionellid biostratigraphy, isotope stratigraphy) and to define a reference section, a well exposed succession of Rosso Ammonitico, spanning the Callovian-Upper Berriasian interval, has been selected in the eastern sector of Monte Inici, Trapani province. A sedimentological study has enabled us to distinguish three subfacies within the Rosso Ammonitico: nodular, pseudo-nodular, and intraclastic nodular subfacies. The two latter subfacies are characterized by the presence of intraclasts produced largely by mechanical abrasion, that suggest a formation by hydrodynamic processes. Increasing hydrodynamic energy is inferred from Lower Kimmeridgian to Upper Berriasian deposits. The vertical evolution of the microfacies shows the greatest skeletal diversity in the Middle Oxfordian, coinciding with a peak of delta 13 C. Ammonites are abundant in the Middle Oxfordian-Lower Kimmeridgian, where several ammonite zones have been recognized. With the aid of calpionellids we have been able to identify the Jurassic-Cretaceous boundary and to recognize high frequency biostratigraphic intervals in the Berriasian, that can be correlated throughout palaoetethys. The delta 13 C curve shows a marked positive peak at the base of the section (Lower to Middle Callovian) and a second, composite, positive excursion in the Middle-Upper Oxfordian. From the base of the Kimmeridgian, delta 13 C values slowly decrease, remaining low in the Berriasian. Oxygen isotope values exclude late burial diagenetic overprinting and the carbon peaks are interpreted as reflecting carbon cycle perturbations due to high biological productivity that may mirror global palaeoenvironmental variations. The Middle Oxfordian peak coincides with the highest skeletal diversity, with the first occurrence of the nodular facies, and with the onset of cherty limestones (lateral equivalents of radiolarites) in the southern sector of Monte Inici, and in localities to the west and north. The heteropy between Rosso Ammonitico and radiolarites s.l. suggests that sedimentation was controlled by local palaeotopography.
Leaching of polished sections : an integrated approach for studying the liberation of heavy metals from lead-zinc metallurgical slags
Authors: Ettler Vojtěch , Mihaljevič Martin , Touray Jean-Claude , Piantone Patrice
Published: June 2005

Pb-Zn metallurgical slags are defined by European Community regulations either as waste (hazardous materials) or as secondary commercial substances. The knowledge of their stability is essential in order to assess strategies for their management. A scientific understanding of metal release requires (i) knowledge of the phases hosting the different hazardous metals (e.g., Pb) and (ii) knowledge of the relative solubility of these phases. This paper is devoted to a mineralogical characterisation of slags resulting from different processing technologies and to long-term static leaching experiments run under different pH-conditions. The main mineral phases of slags are spinel-family oxides, Ca-Fe aluminosilicates (clinopyroxene, olivine-type phases, melilite, garnet), silicate glass, sulphide (galena, wurtzite) and intermetallic droplets. Leaching experiments were conducted on polished sections, which were introduced into batch reactors and leached by the following solutions: (i) citric acid-sodium citrate buffer at pH ~ 3 (organic soil-simulating solution), (ii) deionised water without any pH control and (iii) calcium hydroxide saturated solution buffered at pH ~ 12.5 (concrete-simulating solution). Sulphide/metallic phases display an extremely low stability whatever the solution. Under organic-acid conditions, Ca-rich (melilite) and Fe-rich (fayalite) phases are preferentially dissolved. Spinel-family oxides are always extremely stable. SEM observations evidence the important role of citrate, which favours the extraction through chelation of metallic elements on the slag surface. The silicate glass and sulphide/metallic droplets are the most unstable phases under intermediate conditions (deionised water). However, under such conditions, the mobility of Pb, Zn and As is drastically limited by precipitation/adsorption processes, as shown by geochemical modelling (PHREEQC, EQ3NR). A preferential dissolution of glass, clinopyroxene and garnet occurs in alkaline environments. Additionally, lead is significantly released by the dissolution of galena and remains dissolved. On the contrary, zinc content is likely controlled by precipitation of secondary zincite (ZnO) or zinc hydroxide, as predicted by the EQ3NR calculations. The results of static leaching experiments under various conditions confirm that the disposal of slag in organic-rich environments (e.g., peat soil) or the use of slag in concrete technology should be avoided due to the high mobilisation of Pb and other toxic elements.
Slab melting and slab melt metasomatism in the Northern Andean Volcanic Zone : adakites and high-Mg andesites from Pichincha volcano (Ecuador)
Authors: Bourdon Erwan , Eissen Jean-Philippe , Gutscher Marc-André , Monzier Michel , Samaniego Pablo , Robin Claude , Bollinger Claire , Cotten Joseph
Published: June 2005

Situated in the fore-arc of the Northern Volcanic Zone (NVZ) of the Andes in Ecuador, Pichincha volcano is an active edifice where have been erupted unusual magmas as adakites and high-Mg andesites. The particular geodynamic setting of the ecuadorian margin (i.e. the flat subduction of the Carnegie Ridge) suggests that thermo-barometric conditions for the partial melting of the oceanic crust are accomplished beneath this volcano. Pichincha adakites possess all the geochemical and isotopic characteristics of slab melts described in various other arc settings. High-Mg andesites with geochemical characteristics close to those of adakites present strong enrichments in MgO that suggest that, once they were produced by ca. 10 % partial melting of the downgoing subducted slab, some adakites en route to the surface strongly interacted with the peridotitic mantle wedge. Adakitic magmas could then represent, as in many other arcs where slab melting occurs, the principal metasomatic agent of the mantle in the NVZ in Ecuador.
Implication of the compositional diversity of the soluble organic matrices of carbonate skeletons
Authors: Dauphin Yannicke
Published: June 2005

The soluble organic matrices were extracted from carbonated shells of molluscs and a Scleractinia. The composition was analysed with UV spectrometry, HPLC with a dual detection and 2D electrophoresis. Few data are available on such components. However, the obtained results confirm the previous data: quantities but also properties of the matrices are characteristic of the taxa. Proteins/sugars ratios, molecular weights and acidities differ in all the studied samples. The diagenetic changes are different for different species. In a multilayered shell, each layer has a particular diagenetic evolution. Thus, some biases are induced in the faunal statistics used in palaeoecological studies. After the death of the animal, the rates of degradation of the skeletons are different. The soluble organic matrices are more or less rapidly dispersed in sea water, depending on the resistance of the skeletons. From this point of view, fragile shells contribute largely to the organic composition changes of surrounding water. The faunal composition and the biochemical characteristics of the skeletons are important for the evolution of the marine environment. Their soluble organic matrices are dispersed in the water and sediments, and their strong acidity plays a major role in the precipitation of carbonates. Moreover, these invisible matrices are permanently recycled in sedimentary processes.
The landslide and local tsunami of 13 September 1999 on Fatu Hiva (Marquesas Islands; French Polynesia)
Authors: Okal Emile A. , Fryer Gerard J. , Borrero José C. , Ruscher Christophe
Published: June 2005

On 13 September 1999, a local tsunami, comprising two waves separated by a few minutes, hit the village of Omoa, on the island of Fatu Hiva, French Polynesia. It inflicted serious damages to structures built close to the seashore, in particular to the local elementary school. The tsunami was generated by the collapse of a basaltic cliff, located 3 km to the southeast of Omoa, along the coastline. The volume of the landslide is estimated to range from 2 to 5 million m3, of which 60 % fell into the sea. A preliminary simulation of the tsunami provides an acceptable explanation of wave amplitudes, as well as an estimate of the origin time of landslide.
The late Ordovician carbonate sedimentation as a major triggering factor of the Hirnantian glaciation
Authors: Villas Enrique , Vennin Emmanuelle , Álvaro José Javier , Hammann Wolfgang , Herrera Zarela A. , Piovano Eduardo L.
Published: June 2005

A new approach explaining the main forcing factor of Hirnantian glaciation is proposed herein. It follows the models associating occurrences of continental glaciations with periods of low atmospheric CO2 levels. The accumulation of great volumes of carbonates during pre-Hirnantian late Ordovician, in regions where these deposits were previously absent, is suggested as a major sink of atmospheric CO2. This would have caused an important lowering of the average temperature in the early Hirnantian, after CO2 values had attained a certain threshold. This process was maintained by other positive feedbacks, such as the short-term carbonate weathering CO2 sink. An increase of the direct flux of CO2 from the atmosphere to the oceans by means of dissolution would have been driven by the enhancement of carbonate deposition. The great inundation of the low latitude Laurentia craton during Cincinnatian times and the establishment of a temperate-water carbonate sedimentation on the North Gondwana margin during pre-Hirnantian Ashgill allowed the burying of more than 840 × 1015 kg (1.9 × 1019 mol) of dissolved CO2. This mass is equivalent to nearly 350 times the present values of atmospheric CO2. This is important enough to have greatly altered the equilibrium between the CO2 dissolved in the oceans and the partial pressure of CO2 in the air, eventually causing an important reduction of the latter. The new model also offers a simple explanation for the end of the glaciation after a short time-span. Glacioeustatic lowering of the sea level, concomitant with the glaciation, would have stopped the extra-sedimentation of carbonate due to the retreat of the oceans from the platforms, closing this CO2 sink. Pre-glacial CO2 levels would then recover, due to volcanic and metamorphic CO2 outgassing. After subsequent melting of the ice cap, oceanic circulation did not recover pre-Hirnantian Ashgill strength, resulting in a strong stratification of ocean waters and precluding the recovery of an extensive carbonate deposition. The well-known positive shift in the δ13C at the base of the Hirnantian is assumed to have been caused by weathering and dissolution of carbonates, relatively enriched in 13C, during the glacioeustatic regression and exposure of the platforms.
Quantification of the control of sequences by tectonics and eustacy in the Dniepr-Donets Basin and on the Russian Platform during Carboniferous and Permian
Authors: Izart Alain , Le Nindre Yves , Stephenson Randell , Vaslet Denis , Stovba Sergei
Published: June 2005

A comparative quantitative analysis of late Paleozoic subsidence in the Moscow and Dniepr-Donets basins provides additional insight into the relative importance of tectonics and eustacy as sedimentation driving forces. Late Devonian rifting clearly displayed in the Dniepr-Donets Basin and underlying Precambrian East European Craton probably also affected the Moscow Basin. After this episode, however, the history of both basins diverged ; rifting processes ceased in the Moscow Basin but continued in the Dniepr-Donets Basin. The Moscow Basin is an intracratonic basin that can be modelled with a lithospheric heating phase from Devonian to Bashkirian times and a subsequent cooling phase generating thermal subsidence from Moscovian to Asselian times. The Dniepr-Donets Basin is a rift basin displaying an initial rifting phase during the late Devonian, an initial phase of post-rift evolution from the Tournaisian to the base of late Viséan, and a second rifting phase, seen mainly in the Donets and Donbas segments only, from late Viséan to Asselian times. Subsequent subsidences ended with uplift during the Sakmarian and were overprinted by compressional tectonics during Mesozoic and Cenozoic times. A comparison of local and global second-order stratigraphic sequences, allowing an estimation of the ratio of the importance of eustatic to tectonic processes controlling subsidence in each basin, demonstrates that eustacy controlled sedimentation in the Moscow Basin and tectonics prevailed in the Dniepr-Donets Basin.
Ostracods from the late Frasnian of the Neuville railway section (Dinant Synclinorium, Belgium) : relation to the Kellwasser Event
Authors: Casier Jean-Georges
Published: June 2005

Ostracods from the upper part of the Valisettes Formation (Frasnian), from the Matagne Formation (Idem) and from the base of the Senzeille Formation (Famennian) exposed in the Neuville railway section (southern side of the Philippeville Massif within the Dinant Synclinorium) have been studied in order to advance the knowledge of the late Devonian mass extinction. The ostracod assemblage present in the upper part of the Valisettes Formation belongs to the Eifelian ecotype, and is dominated by filter-feeding metacopid ostracods indicative of an hypoxic trend related to an increase in the water depth. The overlying Matagne Formation is characterised by opportunistic species belonging to the myodocopid ecotype indicative of more severe hypoxic water conditions. The ostracod assemblage recognised in the base of the Matagne Formation is comparable to the assemblage found in the Upper Kellwasser Horizon of the Schmidt quarry parastratotype (Kellerwald, Germany), and the sartenaeri, splendens and sigmoidale Zones of the biozonation on entomozoid ostracods are also recognised. The splendens Zone – sigmoidale Zone transition which corresponds to an important change in the entomozoid fauna in relation to the late Devonian mass extinction must be fixed definitively into the late Frasnian. Only Palaeophilomedes neuvillensis Casier, 1988, and Ovatoquasillites avesnellensis (Lethiers, 1973) survived the extinction in the Neuville railway section. P. neuvillensis is perhaps the sole true nekto-planktonic myodocopid present in the section, and the pre-adapted Lazarus species O. avesnellensis is known to have lived in very shallow marine and semi-restricted environments. We can conclude that the surface waters and the shallow marine environments were probably not disturbed during the late Devonian mass extinction. A figure, summarises the succession of events at the Frasnian – Famennian transition on the southern border of the Philippeville Massif.