bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
TRENDS AND PROSPECTS FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE WORLD MONETARY SYSTEM AND INTERNATIONAL MONETARY RELATIONS IN THE PERIOD PRECEDING THE CRISIS OF 2020
Authors:   Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration, Moscow, Russia, Federal Antimonopoly Service of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia, Senishin Sergey V.
Published: April 2022

The international monetary system is a set of rules, customs, agreements and instruments that are accepted between countries at the international level. Today, the situation is quite unstable. The currency system of many countries depends on the exchange rates of leading foreign currencies (US dollar, euro). Therefore, the purpose of this work is to clarify the understanding of the essence of the world monetary system and international monetary relations in modern conditions, taking into account the assessment of the impact on such a system and such relations of the totality of significant factors. Research tasks: clarification of the theoretical aspects of the formation and functioning of the world monetary system; analysis of indicators and trends in the development of the world monetary system; clarification of problematic aspects of the development of the world monetary system.
SOCIAL AND ECONOMIC CONSEQUENCES OF THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC: REGIONAL ASPECT
Authors:   Tyumen Industrial University, Tyumen, Russia, Rudenok Olga V. , Rudneva Larisa N. ,   Tyumen Industrial University, Tyumen, Russia, Zonova Natalia V. ,   Tyumen Industrial University, Tyumen, Russia, Tarasova Oksana V. ,   Tyumen Industrial University, Tyumen, Russia
Published: April 2022

This article discusses the impact of the coronavirus pandemic on the socio-economic development of Russia. An analysis of the consequences of the pandemic on the development of the world economy was carried out, an assessment was made of the economic situation of Russia in the global context. On the basis of statistical data, analyzed the impact of the pandemic on economic development, the labor market, and the dynamics of the population's cash income in certain regions of the country with a different industry focus.
THE PROBLEM OF AGGRAVATION OF CONFLICTS IN THE ORGANIZATION IN THE CONTEXT OF A NEW CORONAVIRUS INFECTION
Authors:   Saint-Petersburg State University of Aerospace Instrumentation, St. Petersburg, Russia, Gildingersh Marina G. , Martynova Yulia A. ,   Saint-Petersburg State University of Aerospace Instrumentation, St. Petersburg, Russia, Testova Vera S. ,   St. Petersburg State University of Economics, St. Petersburg, Russia
Published: April 2022

This study is aimed at studying the problems of conflicts in the organization in the conditions of coronavirus infection and finding ways to solve or prevent conflicts. Conflicts in an organization in emergency are a frequent and predictable phenomenon. Basically, conflicts in the organization arise due to salary delays, violations of working conditions, overwork and communication complications. To solve these problems, a number of measures are proposed in the article.
Deformasi Bendungan Cirata berdasarkan Analisis Data Instrumen Patok Geser
Authors: Pratomo Dian Arief Pramudya , Suharyanto  , Atmojo Pranoto Samto
Published: April 2022

Concrete-faced rockfill dam (CFRD) has a similar weakness to other types of dams, namely deformation. Surface movement monuments can be used to monitor the deformation that occurs on the surface of the dam. Analysis of the monument's measurement data can show settlement and displacement trends that are closely related to the deformation of the dam itself. In this research, the monuments measurement data are compared to acceptance criteria from ICOLD, Sowers, Clements, Fell, and the Ministry of Public Works and Housing as outlined in the Guidelines for The Design and Construction of Concrete Membrane Stone Backfill Dams. This study aims to analyze data from surface movement monuments to determine the settlement and displacement of the dam based on the criteria of deformation. According to the obtained result, the first segment of surface monuments settlement values ranged from 0.028 to 0.165%, which meet the majority of the criteria. In addition, displacement values at the first segment of surface movement monuments were within 0.022 – 0.071%, which meets the ICOLD and Clements criteria. Meanwhile, for the second to fourth segments of surface movement monuments, settlement values of 0.007 – 0.102% were obtained, which still conform to the ICOLD and Fell criteria.
La resistencia editorial: genealogía contracultural de prácticas de publicación en cárceles argentinas
Authors: Rubin María José
Published: April 2022

Este artículo propone abordar la práctica editorial en cárceles argentinas de los últimos años mediante el estudio de algunos casos y su lectura desde las prácticas contraculturales de publicación que constituyeron los fanzines punk y las revistas subterráneas durante las décadas de 1970 y 1980, coincidentes con la última dictadura y la inmediata posdictadura en el país. Se realizará una lectura interpretativa de seis publicaciones desde el campo interdisciplinario de Estudios del libro y la edición, observando en los libros, revistas y otros formatos las marcas materiales de un hacer editorial que se propone como alternativa estética y política a las lógicas de mercado y su vínculo con los grandes poderes hegemónicos.
Mutton: from Unappreciated Local Food to Delicious Tourist Attraction in a Swedish Destination
Authors: Wellton Lotte , öström Asa
Published: April 2022

From a sustainability and food supply perspective, it is crucial to contribute to a reduction of food waste, such as meat raw materials, and to develop knowledge on how to make underexploited foods acceptable for inclusion on restaurant menus. This study applies a gastronomy perspective
that integrates culinary arts with sensory science to support knowledge development and creativity in the restaurant industry. The aim was to explore locally produced mutton in collaboration with culinary craft practitioners and food producers, in a Swedish context. An additional aim was to
design an applied model for creative and innovative meal solutions that are both sensory approved and sustainable. This was done through a combination of sensory evaluations and culinary workshops. This mixed-methods approach was used to merge qualitative and quantitative data to gain complementary
views on the research problem. Identifying the knowledge and experience of lamb producers and culinary staff was done by using sensory methods in connection with a qualitative approach that focused on observing cooking activities, conversations, and group talks among participants. The sensory
results indicated that mutton is a fully edible food material and can thus be defined as an unutilized gastronomic resource. Among the workshop participations, overall liking was high and evenly distributed between the mutton dishes. The main outcome of this study was the provision of a model
for sustainable resource management of locally produced food. This model can be used for understanding the importance of the locality, sustainability, and cultural acceptance of products, in addition to the value chains and network practices embedded in direct supply chain relationships.
From a long-term perspective, this understanding may lead to increased awareness, knowledge, and skills among producers and restaurants regarding the benefits and opportunities of locally produced food.
The Reflux Symptom Index (RSI) as a Diagnostic Tool for Laryngopharyngeal Reflux (LPR)
Authors: Printza Athanasia , Athanassios Kyrgidis
Published: April 2022

Laryngopharyngeal reflux (LPR) is the backflow of gastric contents into the laryngopharynx, where the gastric contents will come into contact with the upper aerodigestive tract tissue. These clinical entities are known to profoundly affect the patient's quality of life, altering sleep and daily activities and reducing the effectiveness of the speaker's communicator. The Reflux Symptom Index (RSI) was developed in 2001 for the purpose of diagnosing laryngopharyngeal reflux. The RSI is a validated nine-item instrument that focuses on LPR symptoms, including hoarseness, frequent clearing of the throat, globus, cough, and dysphagia. A score of more than 13 was considered abnormal and reflected LPR, and improvement at an RSI > 5 points was considered clinically significant.
A Maintenance Framework for Sustainability of Green Buildings: A Case of Nairobi County, Kenya
Authors: Asuza Derick , Diang’a Stephen , Mugwima Bernard
Published: April 2022

Stern questions have been raised concerning green buildings, a new fragment in the construction industry, particularly in Kenya where the local content is scanty in respect to their maintenance. In that case, this research was directed towards the assessment of the maintenance factors (maintenance policies, maintenance problems, maintenance management tools/techniques and maintenance strategies) and their effect on sustainability of green buildings in Nairobi County. The study was bound to a sample size of 86 registered green building practitioners and 25 LEED-certified buildings in the County. The response rate of the survey was 53% and a quantitative approach was employed in data analysis. The study results revealed that, maintenance strategy (an independent variable) lacked a significant relationship with the dependent variable and therefore, it was removed from the logit model. The overall logit model indicates that, sustainability of green buildings has higher odds when maintenance problems are properly managed (odds of 1.44), comprehensive maintenance policies are existing (odds of 3.72) and appropriate maintenance management tools/techniques are used (odds of 2.89) while keeping all other factors constant. Consequently, the study recommends a framework to facilitate efficient work execution by maintenance personnel in green buildings. From an academic viewpoint, the study results present more information to the available body of knowledge in the field of maintenance of green buildings.
Student Learning Time Analysis during COVID’19 Using Linear Programming - Simplex Method
Authors: Pardeshi Sujata , Gawade Sushopti , Palivela Hemant
Published: April 2022

Corona Virus has a great impact in some other ways of everybody's life. It greatly affected the education sector in India. All of the sudden changes from traditional teachinglearning to online teaching-learning have made it difficult to manage students as well as faculties. Academic activities were inactive due to the novel coronavirus - SARS-CoV-2 (COVID19). During this time it is necessary to examine the student’s learning habits during a pandemic when all schools and colleges closed because of the spread of COVID’19. Data has been collected to understand Indian (Maharashtra) student’s learning time spent throughout the epidemic. The data is collected using the survey research tool to understand the possible effects of the COVID’19 through WhatsApp, Facebook, and the Network of an educational group from September 30 to October 20, 2020. This research focuses on optimizing the role of instructor and finding the required number of hours period the learner needs to spend on online learning during COVID’19. With the help of a linear programming (LP) model and the Simplex method, results are presented here.
A New Blended Approach of Data Hiding Using XNOR Operation
Authors: Joshi Kamaldeep , Saini Ravi , Yadav Rajkumar , Nandal Rainu
Published: April 2022

This paper proposed a new data hiding technique which uses a blended approach of security. It uses a blend of cryptography and steganography at the same time to provide two layers of security. At first, data is encrypted using Rail Fence cryptography algorithm and at the second level the encrypted data is inserted into an image by using insertion algorithm based on XNOR operation. Encrypted bits are put into the pixels of the image which becomes a difficult task for the attackers to find the hidden data. In this approach, the concept of spatial domain is used for hiding the message and retrieval of message. The preliminary experimental results based on PSNR, MSE, Histogram and Coefficient of Correlation show that the proposed method provides better imperceptibility and hiding capacity. It was also compared with some trade off methods on the basis of various metrics. It also provides very less deflection in cover image so that it becomes very difficult for a third person to differentiate between cover image and stego image. ImageData HidingSteganographyCryptography
Prediction of Third Covid Wave in India using ARIMA Model
Authors: Maan Sandeep , Devi Gian , Rizvi SAM
Published: April 2022

Whole world has been battling against the novel Covid19 pandemic that outbroke from Wuhan, China during Dec 2019. Like most other countries, India has also witnessed two Covid-19 waves with second one, during April-May 2021, being more lethal. Important lessons learnt while fighting against Covid pandemic demands never relax attitude until the fight against the pandemic is completely over. To achieve this India launched world’s biggest vaccination program. Continuous concerns are being expressed by different sections of health workers and the government regarding probable, and even more lethal, third wave in near future. Hence this work is undertaken to predict the possibility of third wave. Predictive analysis is based on progression of Covid-19 in the country thus far. Any such prediction shall offer multifaceted benefits in raising timely alarm for country to prepare itself and take measures to tap the onset of probable third wave. ARIMA model was selected for making prediction. Datasets provided by [1],[2] are utilized for the purpose. The model predicted that the latest spurt in Covid19 cases is expected to continue and grow over the remaining part of current year. This spurt can in certain probabilities lead to third Covid-19 wave around the months of Nov-Dec 2021. These predictions are though limited by the recent seroprevalence findings by ICMR and humongous vaccination drive that may retard the onset of third wave. Moreover, confined nature of recent spike (to southern Indian states, mainly Kerala) may mean that the geographical extent of current spurt is comparatively small to become a countywide wave.
An Optimal Random Forest Classifier for Diagnosing Covid-19 from X-ray and CTscan Images
Authors: Kumar Sunil , Ratnoo Saroj
Published: April 2022

The unprecedented rate of spread and gravity of Covid-19 infection has played havoc worldwide. The spread of Covid-19 has pushed the nations’ medical infrastructures to their limits, yet no one could contain the infection and loss of lives. Therefore, accurate and efficient diagnosis of the infection is of central importance to battle out the Covid-19 disease. RT-PCR, the customary diagnostic tool for Covid-19, is a time-consuming process. The RT-PCR results may take two to three days. In the wake of the new Covid-19 variants, the RT-PCR test may also result in false negative cases. Machine learning algorithms have been successful for auto diagnosing Covid-19 from epidemiological and medical image data. Applying a machine learning algorithm for Covid-19 detection from X-rays and CT scans images combined with RT-PCR results can augment the rate of Covid19 diagnosis. Therefore, designing machine learning algorithms for the early Covid-19 diagnosis is the need of an hour. In this paper, we present Random Forest (RF) classifier for Covid-19 diagnosis. We use the resampling techniques to resolve the class imbalance in the data. Combining the RF classifier with its finetuned hyperparameters and resampling techniques to address the class imbalance yield promising results. Moreover, a Genetic Algorithm is employed to find an optimal hyperparameter configuration for the RF classifier. The statistical result of the approach indicates that accuracy, geometric mean and f-measure are 0.94, 0.93 and 0.92 respectively. The suggested method achieves higher sensitivity and comparable performance to deep and transfer learning approaches which are relatively computationally expensive but less comprehensible.
Identifying Black Rice Cultivated Area Using Sentinel2
Authors: Rao T VSRNR , Dua Sakshi , Saha Priya
Published: April 2022

Kalabati(Oriza Sativia L.) is a black or forbidden rice variety with rich medicinal and nutrient values. Traditionally, several studies acknowledged the unlimited potential of black rice and intensive research conducted in the laboratory environment to determine its benefits. The presence of anthocyanin(anth) content in Kalbati rice plants turns leaves into black or purple. Several studies identified rice canopy using remote sensing technologies, but none attempted to distinguish black rice areas. Understanding the existence and yield of black rice helps governments or policyholders to take appropriate decisions to promote its benefits in society for broader consumption. This study aims to evaluate the feasibility of using satellite imagery to identify the anth content of Kalabati plant leaves using leaf optical properties. Sentinel2 based indices help to identify Anth content in the leaves using its multi-spectral(MSI) instrument. A combination of Modified Anthocyanin Index(mARI), Chlorophyll Vegetation Index(CVI) and Green Leaf Index(GLI) is used to determine the complex rice canopy of the black rice that exists at a negligible percentage among other crops. The correlation of mARI with CVI has an RMSE value of 0.11314, and the same RMSE value of mARI with GLI is at 0.66441. Finally, the study concluded anth content in Kalabati rice could be interpreted using multi-spectral data from Sentinel-2.c
Fekvő testek a késő reneszánszban
Authors: Bódi Katalin
Published: April 2022

Les peintures qui thématisent la lamentation de Jésus-Christ représentent généralement une scène intime dans laquelle la tristesse, la consolation et l’espoir prédominent pour renforcer la foi des croyants. Cependant sur la peinture de Baramantino la présentation du corps de Christ est tellement sans pudeur et intensive que l’importance de l’acte biblique est minimalisé au bénéfice de la beauté du corps dénudé. La figure de Christ évoque avant tout les traditions des nus antiques en se référant également aux nues de la peinture vénétienne, notamment aux Vénus couchées de Giorgione et de Titian. Ainsi la peinture de Bramantino exprime l’idée du corps idéal qui unifie et montre paradoxalement en même temps la beauté asexuelle du corps humaine et la sexualité féminine par les allusions au désir. Cette complexité des références expose également le mélange des différentes traditions dans la culture européenne, celle de l’antiquité et celle du christianisme.
A csak reménytelenül szenvedni tudó test Ionesco drámáiban
Authors: Lukovszki Judit
Published: April 2022

Dans le Nouveau Théâtre et notamment dans les pièces d’Ionesco, nous voyons défiler les semblants d’êtres humains qui, en pleine préoccupation métaphysique endurent des souffrances corporelles de diverses sortes. Tout en cherchant les motifs de ce fait, nous nous proposons d’analyser plusieurs textes d’Ionesco où l’organe de la parole; de la nutrition et d’autres plaisirs oraux: la bouche, aurait un rôle particulier et demanderait un effort d’interprétation accentué.
A felsebzett szubjektum
Authors: Kalmár György
Published: April 2022

The article analyses David Cronenberg’s Crash (1996) from a complex theoretical perspective. My starting point is the idea that human subjectivity is open, never finished, in process, something that is always negotiated through a number of signifying practices, such as language, images, and film; therefore different signifying economies produce different kinds of subjectivities. In this article I investigate the ways Crash rewrites some of the fundamental characteristics of humanistic systems of meaning to produce different subjects. I argue that the film produces a post-human world in which meaning is different, the use of the body is different, the forms of subjectivity are different, just like their relation to what Lacan calls the ‘paternal metaphor.’ I think that Crash owes its radicalism (as well as its scandalous reputation) to this displacement of the humanist subject, and it is precisely this displacement that I attempt to investigate. The main focus points of my analysis are the following: the relationship between the body, its image, and subjectivity; non-normative practices of sexuality; violence; repetition; abjection; the relationship between technology and the human body; and the disintegration of the Oedipal subject.
Elektronikus környezetbe vetett testünk
Authors: Áfra János
Published: April 2022

Humankind, differentiated from nature, has always strived to extend the body and to overcome spatial boundaries. These civilizational attempts have been achieved by means of technological inventions and developments recently. The continuous technological development could, however, qualify only partially as an energyeffective means for establishing experimental spaces. The instinctive “colonization process” has been able to unfold in electronic environments.The bodily fixation and the narrow scope of attention are qualities of Internet use which cannot create the experience of full-body immersion. In contrast, Virtual Reality (VR) attempts to create a sense of full audiovisual-haptic experience in the recipient by aspiring for interactivity. However, this field does not correlate with global networks which would minimize spatial constraints and which, speaking about the Internet, are the essential sources of popularity and dynamism. Certainly, it is just a matter of time before developers attempt to integrate these currently disconnected virtual environments in a giant Internet-like fashion. What is even more likely is that sensational qualities and features of virtual reality will be assigned to the organism of the Internet. In the case of virtual reality the fixation of view was replaced by the fixation of environment, a concept that will be abandoned and followed by a constantly changing, dynamic system after the setting up of a network virtual reality.
Kísérlet és kísértés
Authors: Lapis József
Published: April 2022

Borbély Szilárd, A testhez – Ódák & Legendák, Kalligram, Pozsony, 2010.
Dekonstrukció és etika között
Authors: Somogyi Gyula
Published: April 2022

The essay investigates what role the notion of trauma gets in the texts of Shoshana Felman and Cathy Caruth: trauma enables both authors to open up Paul de Man’s textually oriented deconstructive approach to questions of referentiality, history and ethics. After studying three main features of trauma theory (how does literature and the literary figure in trauma theory, what link is there between trauma and jurisprudence, and how does trauma become the paradoxical model of the relationship between consciousness and history), the essay confronts it with recent critiques arriving mainly from feminism and postcolonial theory.
Az imádság mint feldolgozás
Authors: Fazakas Gergely Tamás
Published: April 2022

While we can consider the difficulties of using the cultural trauma theories for texts produced before the nineteenth century, and several hurried interpretation resulted misapplication of these approaches to early modern history and litearature, in this essay I intend to introduce a new British research project, and try to frame by cultural trauma theory and its critics. British state prayers, fasts and thankgivings (1540s–1940s) is managed by a research group of the University of Durham, United Kingdom. Participants investigate the tradition of national state prayers, fast or humiliation days, thanksgiving days and national days of prayer.Special church services were organised and prayers were read in all parish of England as well as Scotland, Ireland and Wales. In particular dates or periods (epidemics, war, famine, rebellion, good/bad harvests, royal births etc.) the King/Queen, the government, and the archbishop of Canterbury, or other church leaders officially ordered special acts of national worship. Prayers and sermons presented the nation as a sinful community, and urged them to practice repentance, because it was thought that calamities will come to an end only, if people convert themselves to God. The research group in Durham is investigating when and how these occasions ordered (by proclamation, privy council order, or by royal request).From the aspect of cultural trauma theory I compare several official religious interpretations of particular events, and try to highlight the pressure of the authority (monarchy, government) on their political and/or religious counterparts on the one hand, and the battles for special events of national memory on the other hand. Cultural trauma theory offers some formulations for explaining the ’working through’ of political crises and natural calamities from sixteenth to twentieth century, and show us how to consider consequences of devastating loss and pain of a community, whether national and/or religious.Interpretation of these crises as prompt and continuous reaction to a traditional, Biblical language, may help the community to explain the cathastrophic events, and to develop a necessary condition for working through. This means that there is no latency, which might causes and signs cultural trauma.Using trauma theories and its critics, I try to find possibilities to transform this international research for a future Hungarian investigation.
A trauma retorikája Salman Rushdie regényeiben
Authors: Györke Ágnes
Published: April 2022

My paper investigates the rhetoric of national traumas in Salman Rushdie’s Midnight’s Children and Shame. I argue that the birth of India and Pakistan are depicted as traumatic events in these novels in the sense in which Cathy Caruth uses the term: they appear as unacknowledged, unclaimed experiences. The metaphor of the noise speaks about these moments in Midnight’s Children, the miraculous noise of the children’s conference, which is the allegory of the Indian nation in the novel, whereas in Shame the grotesque cacophony of cultural encounters, which create the “palimpsest” of Pakistan. The texts find different means to deal with these experiences: in Midnight’s Children the discovery of the children’s noise is traumatic for the main character, who is unable to make sense of the incident, and redefines the metaphor he articulates in this moment several times, trying to attribute some kind of meaning to the elusive, unclaimed experience. In Shame the grotesque music simply becomes repressed: instead of coming to terms with the trauma of their shameful night, the “three mothers” resolve never to feel this emotion again, and lock themselves in their enormous, silent house. I argue that whereas Midnight’s Children manages to transform the trauma into narrative memory, however inadequately, Shame fails to find any means to integrate the experience, which inevitably leads to the reassertion of silence at the end of the novel.
Emlékezethelyek összehasonlító szempontú vizsgálata
Authors: Den Boer Pim
Published: April 2022

Pierre Nora started the Lieux de mémoire-project in 1977 by using the old concept of lieux de mémoire with a new meaning and programmatic significance. However, Nora’s lieux de mémoire were extremely ideological, full of nationalism, loaded with value judgements. Most lieux de mémoire were invented or reworked to serve the present and future of the nation-state. Since the end of the twentieth century the lieux de mémoire projects have become politically highly sensitive and contested. In a certain way it was the consequence of the historiographical research of the lieux de mémoire which often resulted in the deconstruction of the nineteenth century construction of the lieux de mémoire of the new born nation. The sites of national memory are not innocent places but sites of memory-wars and battlefields of retroactive justice. The contested lieux de mémoire constitute vindications of past sufferings and historical claims for present compensation. Since the 1990s projects on national lieux de mémoire have been published in Germany, Italy, Spain, the Netherlands and other countries. My paper sums up the results of the latest lieux de mémoire studies, relying primarily upon French, Dutch and Hungarian examples.
A kereszténység védőbástyája
Authors: Száraz Orsolya
Published: April 2022

The Institute of Hungarian Literary and Cultural Studies at the University of Debrecen formed a research group in 2010 in order to launch the research of Hungarian lieux de mémoire. This paper was written within the frameworks of the research group. Its basic hypothesis is that the identification of Hungary as the Bastion of Christendom is an established part of Hungarian collective memory. This paper attempts to demonstrate the changes of this lieux de mémoire, regarding its meaning and function, from its formation up to the present day.
A Hymnustól a Himnuszig
Authors: Sinka Judit Erzsébet
Published: April 2022

In most lieux de mémoire volumes published so far the national anthem of the given community appears as a site of memory, just like in the Hungarian research. The modern state is expected to have a national anthem representing the unity of the people, national and state consciousness, and anthems are also crucial from the aspect of national memories. In my paper I give a survey of our national anthem, Himnusz, both of its emblematic text and score from the point of view of lieux de mémoire studies, with special attention to instrumentalization and the manifestations of alternative memory.
Történelem, emlékezet, cenzúra
Authors: Marcsek György
Published: April 2022

My paper investigates Péter Bacsó’s film, A tanú (The Witness) as a lieu de mémoire. Shot in 1969, the film was banned shortly after its first screenings by the socialist censorship. One of the main reasons behind this was the way the film violated the politics of memory of the Kádár-era. However, the work became a cult film in Hungary. A decade later, the regime enabled the public screenings and the movie was included in the programmes of international film festivals. My essay attempts to describe how the film’s genre (as a satire), its relation to previous periods of Hungarian history (especially the years of the Rákosi- and the Kádár-era), and the mechanisms of socialist censorship contributed to its status as a lieu de mémoire today.
Rütli, röszti, banktitok: emlékezethely-kutatás Svájcban
Authors: Pabis Eszter
Published: April 2022

Georg Kreis, Schweizer Erinnerungsorte: Aus dem Speicher der Swissness, Zürich, Verlag Neue Zürcher Zeitung, 2010.
Olasz emlékezethelyek – három kötetben
Authors: Száraz Orsolya
Published: April 2022

I luoghi della memoria, a cura di Mario Isnenghi, Roma – Bari, Laterza, 2010, I–III.
Sztárai Mihály különös mártíromsága − a Cranmerus Tamás című Foxius-parafrázis tükrében
Authors: Ács Pál
Published: April 2022

Why did Mihály Sztárai (Drávasztára?, ca. 1510–Pápa, 1575), one of the most successful Hungarian reformers of the 16th century call himself a “miserable man” at the end of the 1550s? Did he come into conflict and break with his followers – with the one hundred and twenty Protestant churches he had himself founded? Was he unfairly attacked by his fellow pastors? Was he at variance with himself or did he blame himself for some hasty deed he had bitterly regretted? Was his dignity as a bishop – of which he had been so proud – damaged? Or was he simply swept away by the tempest of Reformation that he himself had created and then tried in vain to appease?

The present paper attempts to answer the above questions with the help of a Hungarian historical song hitherto mostly neglected, Sztárai’s poem about the martyrdom of Thomas Cranmer, the Archbishop of Canterbury. The verse-chronicle written in 1560 describes an event that is extremely far geographically but all the more close in time, actually current, as it were: ‘Story of archbishop Thomas Cranmer’s faithfulness in the true faith, who was condemned to an awful death in England by Queen Mary for having denied the knowledge of the Pope’ – reads the argumentum of the poem. Cranmer, one of the legendary pioneers of English Reformation, the first senior bishop of the Church of England, was burned in Oxford on 21 March 1556, during the cruel prosecution of Protestants by order of the Catholic queen, Mary Tudor.

Sztárai’s source – John Foxe’s Protestant martyrology written in Latin (Rerum in Ecclesia gestarum… commentarii) −, had been published in Basel a year before the Hungarian verse-chronicle was written. Thus, the question is not how John Foxe’s martyrology found its way to Mihály Sztárai, rather how he adapted and interpreted it. Why did Sztárai feel a martyr, similar to Cranmer? It is obvious that the basic elements of the story could not in themselves urge Sztárai to adapt Foxius. Beyond the possibility of an abstract moral lesson, the minute details of Cranmer’s life and death also proved apt to convey a peculiar message, specifically addressing Hungarian readers. By the time Sztárai wrote the verse-chronicle in question, he had accumulated profound experience in the allegorising methods of figurative storytelling. Sztárai’s poem on Cranmer is an allegory. The historical verse narrative is not about the conflict of the Catholics and the Protestants but the controversy between the Lutheran and the Reformed denominations in Hungary. The Cranmerus-chronicle seems to confirm that in 1560, the Lutheran Sztárai saw himself as a deceived, failed, “miserable” man, as a “Protestant” bishop who had been removed from his office by his Reformed fellows.
A mártírium toposza a Felvinczi Sándor halálára íródott prédikációkban és epigrammákban
Authors: Mikó Gyula
Published: April 2022

Although Sándor Felvinczi, a Hungarian Calvinist preacher of Debrecen in the second half of seventeenth century was not persecuted by the Habsburgs or the Catholics, he was still represented as a martyr by funeral sermons and epigrams which were published to commemorate him in 1686 in a volume entitled Hedera Poetica. A few years after the decade of persecution (persecutio decennalis) most funeral texts used the topos of martyrdom. There are several Biblical and Classical sources of this early modern rhetorical tradition, and the present study sets out to examine these.
„szalad a drót”
Authors: Miklós Eszter Gerda
Published: April 2022

Miklós Eszter Gerda elemzésében kiemelt értelmezői szempont az irodalmi szöveg és a színpadi adaptáció összetett viszonyrendszerének vizsgálata, annál is inkább, mert Örkény Macskajátéka esetében még összetettebb az adaptációs láncolat: a polifonikus levélregényből Örkény drámát ír, amelyet 1967-ben állítanak először színpadra. A darabot az elemzés a magyar dráma- és színháztörténet fordulópontjának tekinti, az ugyanis hangsúlyosan fordul szembe a realista-naturalista színházi hagyományokkal, ami szorosan összefügg a levél- és telefondialógusok alkalmazásával, illetve az ettől nem független progresszív tér- és időkezeléssel.
Mit néz(etünk) az új néző(vel)?
Authors: Jászay Tamás
Published: April 2022

Jászay Tamás a Krétakör történetének bemutatása után a 2010-ben lezajlott Új néző projekt elemzésével ismerteti a Schilling Árpád és munkatársai által felvázolt új színházeszményt, amelyben alapvető a civil közösség aktív alkotótársként történő bevonása a színházi eseménybe. A Szomolyán és Ároktőn létrejött produkciók elemzésében Jászay rámutat a kortárs magyar színház túlnyomóan szórakoztató karakterének éles kritikájára, illetve talán egy ennél is lényegesebb, Magyarországon jobbára előzmények nélküli szándékra, nevezetesen arra, hogy a színház miként mutatkozik meg úgy, mint a társadalom átalakításának, gyakorlati megváltoztatásának lehetséges eszköze.
A kőszínházi és a független lét határán: Forte Társulat
Authors: Sándor Zita
Published: April 2022

Sándor Zita, a Forte Társulat történetének ismertetését előkészítve, fogalomtisztázó szándékkal írja le a kortárs magyar színház intézményi összetettségét, ami különösen a színház és a kultúra bonyolult – többek között az identitásképzést szociokulturális folyamatként feltételező – kapcsolatrendszerének szempontjából lényeges. Dolgozatában a mozgás és a tánc jelentésképző folyamatai és a test antropológiai kontextusai köré rendeződnek az előadáselemzések.
Vázlat a Vidnyánszky Attila-féle költői színházról
Authors: Sin Edina
Published: April 2022

Sin Edina tanulmánya hasonlóképpen hiánypótló a kortárs színházi tendenciák teoretikus megfogalmazásában: Vidnyánszky Attila költői színházának definiálása összetett feladatnak mutatkozik, hiszen nemcsak a színrevitel alapjául szolgáló irodalmi szöveg és a színdarabban létrejövő előadásszöveg közötti viszonyra kell figyelemmel lenni, hanem szükséges az előadás szövegkezelési metódusainak vizsgálata, illetve a mise en scène-t alakító filozófiai-gondolati perspektíva rekonstrukciója is. De hasonlóképpen nem kerülhető meg más előadásképző jelrendszerek, azaz a színészi játék, a kinezika, a sajátos térkoncepció, az auditív és vizuális jelek, valamint ezek specifikus kombinációjának tanulmányozása sem. A Vidnyánszky-féle költői színháznak ezt a fajta összetettségét a tanulmány második része a Szarvassá változott fiú kiáltozása a titkok kapujából című előadás elemzésével teszi láthatóvá.
Egy antik regényíró
Authors: Szepessy Tibor
Published: April 2022

After introducing the novel The Adventures of Leucippe and Clitophon by Achilles Tatius, the ancient novelist who is not well known in Hungary, the author analyses the most important critical remarks that have come up in the international essays referring to the novel. Eventually this essay offers a new solution to the very special problem of why the narrative frame is missing at the end, after Tatius started his novel using a framed structure.
Ovidius, Romulus és a gyanakvó értelmezők
Authors: Simon Lajos Zoltán
Published: April 2022

During the crisis of the Republic, the founder of Rome became the symbol of a cold-blooded and unscrupulous tyrant. This image of Romulus, which has been rationalized and almost completely bereft of its mythical traits, seems to persist and influence recent interpretations aiming to unfold the more hidden layers of the narrative in Ovid’s Fasti, which so to say rehabilitates Romulus. Researchers attempting a new reading of the text identify ”traces” that they believe undermined and discredited the image of Romulus, arousing sympathy or at least compassion, and along with it, Augustan propaganda – in accordance with the author’s intention, as they suppose.

This study briefly introduces the most characteristic traits of the negative Romulus-image, and then discusses the preconceptions that may have rendered the Fasti, which has long been considered an artistic failure of a great poet, a distinguished text in post-modern classical philology. This paper examines some examples of these subversive readings and interpretation techniques, and also points out their less convincing aspects. It will be argued that while the post-modern approach has uncovered numerous unnoticed artistic values of the Fasti, concerning the story of Romulus the suspicious reading described by Eco may well lead to overinterpretations that do not throw light upon many aspects of Ovid’s narrative art but rather obscure them.
Az összehasonlító irodalomtudomány és a klasszikusok
Authors: Hajdu Péter
Published: April 2022

The fact that the ICLA’s book series, the comparative history of literatures in European languages, took the Renaissance as its point of departure suggests that the timespan of comparative literature does not go back further than that period. David Damrosch’s definition of world literature, however, includes all the classics as texts read outside their original culture. For a comparative approach we do not need to compare the classics to a different (e.g. modern or a non-European ancient) kind of literature: since all the western literary cultures developed some kind of relationship to the classics, they can be discussed as a code of western literature, which may make them a „language” of comparison.
Nestórrá utazni, Télemachosszá emlékezni
Authors: Polgár Anikó
Published: April 2022

This study maps the poetry of Gábor Devecseri (who was the most important Hungarian translator of Homer) regarding to the periodization of the oeuvre and focusing on the notion of time. The poetic oeuvre of Devecseri can be divided into three periods: the first period begins from the 1930’s and lasts to the collection titled Letter from the Mount, published after World War II; the second falls on the period of ”schematism”, which starts from the collection The light is spreading (celebrating the birthday of Stalin) to 1956; the third, after a long silence, begins from 1961 (with the essay „Homeric Journey”) and lasts to the death of the author. The meeting with the Greek land and culture brought some especially new elements into the poetry of Devecseri. The relation between the author and the Ancient culture is determined by the translation of Homer and by the personal encounter with modern Greek life too. The journey in space broadens not only towards the cultural dimensions of the time, but comprehends the personal phases of the individual life time.
Kovács András Ferenc egyik álarca
Authors: Tar Ibolya
Published: April 2022

András Ferenc Kovács is one of the most important contemporary representatives of Hungarian-speaking poetry in Romania. He publishes in Hungary as well as in Romania. The poems of his Calvus cycle are edited in several Hungarian and Romanian periodicals. Calvus („translated” by Kovács) and the fictitious Hungarian poet Lázáry, who „translates” in the style of the 19th century Calvus, are two poetical masks of several other ones of Kovács. This paper focuses on the influence of Roman poetry by Calvus, Catullus, Prorpertius, Ovidius in Kovács’s cycle, on the Catullan subjects with contemporary allusions and on the virtuous metrical art of Kovács. Although hidden in an ancient mask, the poet is speaking to his contemporaries about art, literature, love and politics.
Emlékmű és kísértethang
Authors: Bényei Tamás
Published: April 2022

The main hypothesis of the article is that the two opposing poles of the spectrum of the (British) cultural memory of the Great War – official, monumentalizing memory and the various strands of counter-memory – are represented respectively by the image of the memorial and the motif of the ghosty voice. The article describes the variations of this dichotomy, discussing poetry by Sassoon and Owen, as well as fiction by John Galsworthy, Henry Williamson, Christopher Isherwood, Alan Hollinghurst and Adam Thorpe, among others, concentrating on moments that could be called memorial ekphrasis, as well as on various aspects of the spectral voice contrasted to monumentalizing memory. What the readings show is that the stark contrast between the two kinds of memory and the two motifs associated with them is ultimately rather unstable.
„Megsebesül, elesik. Hát aztán?”
Authors: Balogh Eszter Edit
Published: April 2022

When the First World War broke out there was general enthusiasm in the participating countries. Numerous artists, both in English and in Hungarian, for example Rupert Brook and John McCrae, Sándor Sajó and István Tömörkény, wrote in a patriotic tone. They were devoted to pro-war sentiments, and applied the rules of the previous ages’ heroic war writing tradition. When the real nature of the war became obvious with the stalemate in the trenches, many artists realized that the previously predominant heroic ideal is anachronistic and unattainable: pro-war sentiments declined. Both English and Hungarian writers, such as Siegfried Sassoon, Wilfred Owen, Gyula Vitéz Somogyváry and Jenő Heltai, tried to find adequate artistic responses to the experience of the war, and although England and Hungary fought on opposing sides and they probably did not know the works of the other nation’s artists, there are striking similarities in the tone of their writing and in their representational strategies.
Élmény és világkép az első világháború magyar költészetében
Authors: Bakó Endre
Published: April 2022

Taking stance regarding the question of war was the “litmus paper” of the test of patriotism. Whoever was against war was a defeatist, moreover, a traitor. The conservative, folk-national group – with a few exceptions - was on the side of war, while the generation producing “new songs for new times” (Endre Ady, Mihály Babits, Dezső Kosztolányi, Margit Kaffka, Ernő Szép, Menyhért Lengyel, Ákos Dutka, Árpád Tóth, etc.) was, apart from some initial hesitation, on the side of peace. The full scale of production cannot be measured; we are talking about tens of thousands of work. One of the main characteristics of war poetry was the emphasis on the defensive aspect. Many poems connected the First World War with the Hungarian War of Independence of 1848-49. Some poets (such as Mihály Szabolcska) saw the essence of Hungarian identity in war-time valour. The main core of these poems consists of heroic and sentimental texts, belittling dying and praising heroic death. Some militarist poems disparaged “rotten” peace as the root of liberalism, cosmopolitanism, and ideas of freemasonry. Propaganda poetry was advocating national unity. War poetry drew an idealistic portrait of the relationship between the officers and the troops. Finally, one can find a multitude of poems mocking and hating the enemy. The Hungarian poetry of the First World War only gained a position of value by an ideological-performative power act; all other instances reveal its rhetorical emptiness.
A különbözés dramaturgiája
Authors: Miklya Zsolt
Published: April 2022

Zsuzsa Takács’s poetry volumes show consecutively building continuity. The Rejtjeles tábori lap (Ciphered Camp Sheet), her 1987 volume of adolescent poems, belongs to that process, although it remained without critical attention for a long time, and even her monographer considers it to be only a side-line. The poet herself elevates it to be among the chapters of volumes in her biography. The opening of the poems start out from an adolescent mind setting that was born among the memory poems of the previous volume, and then it develops an independent voice in dramatic life and thought situations. The basis of the conflict all through Takács’s poetry is coming-of-age in which the “abyss of adolescence” opens on the alienated existence. The teenage girl drama gives voice to the radical realization of “being different” and then through the everyday situations, connections, ideas and thoughts of the lyrical I it leads to the realization of radical desire for love.
A gyerekvers médiumai
Authors: Mészáros Márton
Published: April 2022

The study tries to explore the various medial connections in children’s poetry through Kovács András Ferenc’s poetry volume, Árdeli szép tánc (Beautiful Dance from Ardel). Bundled with the volume was a CD with readings and musicalized poems that call the attention to the acoustic aspects of children’s poetry and thus to the importance of reading out loud or reading together. The second part of the study – by differentiating three basic types of illustrations – examines the possible connections between poem illustrations and the text of the poem.
A példázatszerű történetmondás mint lehetséges meseelbeszélési mód
Authors: Bálint Péter
Published: April 2022

The source of tale-knowledge for the illiterate peasant - besides the folkloric tradition – is the heard or read Biblical text (parables, philosophies, acts, stories). The interpretation and the forming of these texts into a tale-narrative depend on both the talent of the storyteller and the needs of the audience. In the study I examine the various modes of this story refiguration through certain tale-narratives.