bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
THE IMPORTANCE OF ICT IN SENIOR PRESCHOOLERS’ MORAL EDUCATION
Authors: Lokhvytska Liubov V. , Andriushchenko Tetiana K. , Martovytska Nataliia V. , Joniliene Marija
Published: July 2022

The research features the results of the effective introduction of information and communication technologies (ICT) into the process of senior preschoolers’ moral education in preschool educational institutions (PEI). The benefits of ICT implementation in preschool education in different countries are discussed, and the balance between ICT and moral education is clarified. The necessity to find new approaches to increase the level of senior preschoolers’ moral education was emphasized, which determined the topicality of the raised scientific problem. An experimental study of ICT implementation in the senior preschoolers’ (n = 432) moral education was conducted, which included constitutive, formative and control stages. Criteria (cognitive, emotional and value-oriented, behavioral), their indexes and levels of senior preschoolers’ moral education were specified. Based on the diagnostic method “Me and My Friends”, the initial levels (high, sufficient, medium and low) were determined. An experimental method of ICT implementation in senior preschoolers’ moral education is presented. This method was developed considering the requirements of the Basic Component of Preschool Education of Ukraine (2021) and partial program (additional thematic program on the organization of moral education in preschool education) “Treasury of Morality” (2020). The method is aimed at building children’s positive attitude to ICT as a source of information that promotes the consolidation of knowledge about moral norms and development of skills of moral behaviour in society. The educational potential of ICT is analyzed, which should be implemented to increase the level of senior preschoolers’ moral education, namely: videos, multimedia presentations, cartoons, video tales, online games, smart cards etc. The sequence of the method implementation at the information-introductory, reconstructive-formative and affirmative-consolidating stages is revealed. The effectiveness of ICT implementation in the senior preschoolers’ moral education was assessed at the control stage. Positive dynamics of high and sufficient levels in senior preschoolers’ moral education in the experimental group (EG) is proved to have risen. Importance of the ICT introduction into the modern system of senior preschoolers’ moral education of PEI is confirmed. The following prospective directions of the initiated study are outlined: interaction with parents in the context of children’s moral education involving ICT, ensuring consistency of PEI and primary school in children’s moral education, as well as the development of moral competence of university students majoring in “Preschool education”.
МЕТОДОЛОГІЧНІ ЗАСАДИ ФОРМУВАННЯ ХМАРО ОРІЄНТОВАНИХ СИСТЕМ ВІДКРИТОЇ НАУКИ У ЗАКЛАДАХ ВИЩОЇ ПЕДАГОГІЧНОЇ ОСВІТИ
Authors: Мар'єнко Майя Володимирівна , Шишкіна Марія Павлівна , Коновал Олександр Андрійович
Published: July 2022

У роботі досліджено питання обґрунтування і розроблення методології використання хмаро орієнтованих систем відкритої науки в закладах педагогічної освіти як одного з перспективних напрямів підвищення якості освітньо-наукового процесу, модернізації освітньо-наукового середовища, використання засобів і сервісів хмарних обчислень. Підкреслюється, що впровадження хмарних обчислень є актуальною тенденцією розвитку сучасних педагогічних систем ІКТ. Окреслено концептуальний та термінологічний апарат дослідження хмаро орієнтованих систем відкритої науки, зокрема окреслено шляхи запровадження в науковий обіг та освітньо-науковий процес таких понять, як-от: відкрита наука, відкриті дані, SMART-дані, FAIR-дані та інших. Уточнено загальні принципи формування хмаро орієнтованих систем відкритої науки в закладах освіти, які класифіковано як принципи відкритої науки та загальні з дотриманням яких відбувається формування хмаро орієнтованих систем. Визначено критерії і показники вимірювання компетентностей відкритої науки. З’ясовано, що компетентності відкритої науки доцільно формувати під час професійного розвитку вчителів. Визначено форми, методи і засоби використання вчителями хмаро орієнтованих систем відкритої науки та їх компонентів у своїй навчальній і професійній діяльності. Основна ідея полягає в гіпотезі, що проєктування та розвиток освітньо-наукового середовища завдяки запропонованому підходу сприятиме вільному доступу до електронних освітніх джерел учасників освітнього процесу та більш ефективному використанню ними ІКТ, а також підвищенню їх компетентностей з відкритої науки. Наведено результати педагогічного експерименту, що підтверджують підвищення рівня компетентностей відкритої науки завдяки використанню хмаро орієнтованої методичної системи підготовки вчителів з предметів природничо-математичного циклу. Обґрунтовано рекомендації щодо запровадження систем відкритої науки в освітній процес. Виконано аналіз та оцінку перспектив розвитку досліджень хмаро орієнтованих систем відкритої науки в закладах освіти.
Preauricular sulcusun insan iskeletlerinde cinsiyet ve hamilelik/doğum tayininde kullanılabilirliği: Kıbrıs popülasyonu üzerine bir test
Authors: ÇEKER Deren , DENİZ İdris
Published: July 2022

Coxa kemiklerinde, iliac auricular yüzeyin inferiorüne paralel ve bitişik bir oluk görünümündeki preauricular sulcusun (PS), kadın iskeletleriyle ve hamilelik/doğumla ilişkilendirilmesi tartışmalı bir konu olup, her ikisini birlikte antemortem bilgileri mevcut modern iskeletler üzerinde test etmiş çalışmalar oldukça azdır. Bu çalışmanın amacı, PS’nin insan iskeletlerinde cinsiyet belirlemede ve kadın iskeletlerinde hamilelik/doğum tayininde kullanılabilirliğini Kıbrıs popülasyonu üzerinde test ederek bu alanda yapılmış benzer çalışmalara katkı koymaktır. Çalışmamızda, 14-80 yaş arası 35 erkek ve 14-79 yaş arası 31 kadın (doğum yapmadığı/yaptığı ve çocuk sayısı bilinen) bireyden oluşmak üzere 66 modern iskelete ait toplam 132 adet sağ ve sol coxa kemikleri makroskobik olarak incelenmiş, PS morfolojik olarak üç kategoriye ayrılmış ve skorlanmıştır. Ön test niteliğindeki bu çalışmamızın sonuçları, PS’nin mevcut olmaması veya mevcut ve sığ olmasının cinsiyet ayırımında kullanışlı olmadığını, kadınlarda PS’nin mevcut olmaması veya mevcut ve sığ olmasının hamilelik/doğum geçmişinin olmama olasılığını gösterdiğini, geniş ve derin PS’nin kadın bireylere işaret ettiğini ve hamilelik/doğumla yakından ilişkili olduğunu göstermiştir. Bu testin ileri aşamasında materyal sayısı artırılarak, geniş ve derin PS’nin cinsiyet ayırımında kullanılabilirliği ve kadınlarda hamilelik/doğumla doğrudan ilişkili olup olmadığı test edilecektir. Bu testin sonuçları, insan kemiklerinden cinsiyet tayini ve PS’nin hamilelik/doğumla ilişkisini araştıran popülasyona özgü çalışmalara katkısından ve bu konuda Kıbrıs popülasyonu üzerine yapılmış ilk bilimsel çalışma özelliğine sahip olmasından dolayı önemlidir.
Suriyelilerin yemek kültürüne kamusal alandan bakmak: Kilis örneği
Authors: ŞAHİN Kadriye , ELBEYLİ Mustafa
Published: July 2022

Ortadoğu’daki Arap Baharı’nın bir yansıması olan Suriye’de ortaya çıkan çatışmaların üzerinden on bir yıl geçmiştir. Küresel ve yerel anlamda büyük etkileri olan göçün sınır ülkelere olan etkisi daha fazla olmuştur. Suriye sınırında olan Türkiye, bu kitlesel göçten en çok etkilenen ülke konumundadır. Bu çalışmaya konu olan Kilis, Türkiye’nin Suriye sınırına sıfır noktasında yer almakta ve diğer kentlere oranla en çok göçmeni barındırmaktadır. Suriye’den 2011 yılı sonrasında zorunlu göç nedeniyle Kilis’in merkezine yerleşen göçmenlerin sınır ötesinden taşıdıkları mutfak kültürünün yerele yansımalarını ortaya koymak bu çalışmanın amacını oluşturur. Yemek kültürüne dair bulgular kamusal alanlarda yer alan mekânlar üzerinden 2022 yılı içinde gözlem yoluyla elde edilen nitel verilerden oluşmaktadır. Sonuç olarak gündelik hayatta tüketimin merkezinde yer alan yeme alışkanlıklarının mekânlar üzerinden sürdürüldüğü görülmektedir. Bununla birlikte göçle gelen Suriyeliler için bu mekânlar aracılığıyla iktisadi faaliyetlerini sürdürebildikleri, kendi etnisitesine ait kişilerin ihtiyaçlarına cevap verdikleri, ayrıca yereldeki varlık alanlarını güçlendirdikleri mekânlar olduğu söylenebilir.
Alexander Charles Stephen (1893–1966): contributions on Scottish benthic ecology, systematics and biological recording
Authors: Moore P. G.
Published: July 2022

Alexander Charles Stephen (1893–1966) was a Scottish zoologist who, during a long career at the Royal Scottish Museum in Edinburgh, had interests in many fields: benthic marine ecology, systematics of Sipunculida and Echiura, natural history of cephalopods, cetaceans, fishes, turtles, birds and amphipods. He helped set up the Fair Isle Bird Observatory, eventually becoming one of its trustees, and served as President of the Royal Physical Society of Edinburgh. He had an amateur interest in astronomy. He co-edited the Scottish Naturalist and, in 1935, became Keeper of Natural History at the Royal Scottish Museum, yet little has been published about him and his contributions except for brief obituaries. His biography is here expanded, his scientific contributions assessed and a bibliography of his publications presented.
The colouring of John Curtis’sBritish entomology(1834–1839): Joseph Standish and “the paragon of perfection”
Authors: French Anthony
Published: July 2022

The coloured plates in John Curtis’s British entomology (1824–1839) have always received high praise: the work as a whole has been described as “the paragon of perfection”. It is the beauty of the plates which has secured its reputation. Curtis did not colour the plates himself, but employed the professional colourer Joseph Standish (1787–1872). Curtis’s relationship with him was an uneasy one; he never credited him for his contribution and complained bitterly about Standish in his correspondence, blaming him for much of the stress he suffered in bringing out the monthly parts of British entomology. Yet it was Joseph Standish’s great skills as a colourist which made the work a “paragon of perfection” – a phrase used not by Cuvier, to whom it has long been attributed, but by the entomologist Pierre André Latreille.
George Perry (c.1718–1771): industrialist, cartographer and naturalist
Authors: Leach Stephen , Torrens Hugh S.
Published: July 2022

George Perry ( c.1718–1771) is known for his involvement in the development of the iron and engineering industries of Coalbrookdale, Ironbridge Gorge, Shropshire and Liverpool, and also for his ambition to publish a history together with new maps of Liverpool. In 1758, Perry’s best known work, A description of Coalbrookdale in the County of Salop, with two perspective views thereof was published. The aforementioned views, produced in collaboration with Thomas Smith of Derby (1720–1767), are two of the earliest examples of industrial landscapes. Perry also pursued interests in geology and natural history. He maintained a correspondence and exchanged specimens of fossils with, among others, Emanuel Mendes da Costa (1717–1791), Thomas Pennant (1726–1798) and Gustavus Brander ( c.1719–1787). His work on the history of Liverpool was absorbed into An essay towards the history of Leverpool drawn up from papers left by the late Mr. George Perry, and from other materials since collected by William Enfield (1773). His son, George Perry (1771–1823), was the author of Conchology, or the natural history of shells (1811). We record Perry’s busy life and career and attempt to give due weight to his several different interests.
Public debt and loans during the war and methods of their post-war adjustment
Authors:   NGO “Growford Institute”, BOHDAN Tetiana
Published: July 2022

Introduction. As a result of Russia's military invasion of Ukraine much of its critical infrastructure has been damaged and destroyed. This has led to a deterioration in macroeconomic dynamics, exacerbation of social problems and deepening financial risks. Under such conditions, the issues of financial support of critical infrastructure need in-depth research. Problem Statement. There is a complication of the mobilization of financial resources in the event of a significant increase in expenses. There are problems with attracting additional resources to finance measures to support critical infrastructure in Ukraine. Purpose. The aim is to form a system of financial support for critical infrastructure during martial law and to overcome the consequences of war. Methods. General scientific and special research methods are used: description, analysis, synthesis, grouping, comparison, theoretical generalization, etc. Results. The dynamics of indicators of both domestic and external public debt is determined. The issue of attracting resources provided by foreign partners to finance programs to overcome the consequences of military aggression, as well as support for Ukraine by international financial organizations, is highlighted.. Projects to raise funds for Russian assets frozen in foreign countries to financially support measures to overcome the devastating effects of the war in Ukraine, as well as the introduction of land lease mechanisms and analogue of the Marshall Plan for Ukraine are examined. Conclusions. Due to the armed aggression of the Russian Federation, the pressure on the state and local budgets has increased, which required the application of emergency measures to mobilize revenues and structure expenditures. To balance the state budget, its deficit has been significantly increased, and state internal and external borrowings have been expanded to cover it. Funds from international financial organizations and assistance from foreign countries were also used to finance the state budget. Public and state-guaranteed debts have increased, but they cannot be considered critical. Public debt increased at a faster rate than its guaranteed share, mainly due to the growth of external debt. The internal part of the state-guaranteed debt to support the national economy has increased.
Accounting and financial statements in the conditions of martial law in Ukraine
Authors:   Kyiv National Economic University named after Vadym Hetman, LOVINSKA Ljudmyla , OZERAN Alla ,   Kyiv National Economic University named after Vadym Hetman, KORSHYKOVA Renata ,   SHEE “Kyiv National Economic University named after Vadym Hetman”
Published: July 2022

Introduction. The armed aggression of the Russian Federation has a devastating effect on the economy of our country and its financial system. It is possible to counteract this, as well as to create conditions for the restoration of the lost, to move forward by implementing the reforms started in peacetime, only on the basis of the modern information basis of management that includes ,in particular , accounting and financial reporting. Problem Statements. Martial law for the economy of the state and enterprises in accounting are treated as activities in case of emergencies. Recognition of the latter has a significant impact on the reflection of results of operations and financial state in the financial statements, separation of adjusting and non-adjusting events after the reporting period, assessment of business continuity as a fundamental principle of reporting, and submission and disclosure of financial statements. Purpose. Martial law is an atypical phenomenon for Ukraine, so the goal is to find out: the ability of the national accounting system to accurately reflect the financial and economic situation of the enterprise under martial law; the ability of the methodology of accounting of institutional sectors of the economy to ensure the formation of the necessary information, the need for which arises at this time; the need and possibility of continuing reforms in accounting. Results. It is determined that the normative and legal support of accounting in Ukraine creates all the necessary conditions for a reliable reflection of the financial and economic condition of the enterprise in the conditions of armed aggression of the Russian Federation. The application of relevant standards ensures that both special circumstances and the consequences of hostilities and events are taken into account by reflecting certain transactions, recognizing and measuring elements of financial statements, and disclosing information. Conclusions. The reform of the public sector accounting and financial reporting system needs to be continued in line with the Strategy for the Modernization of the Public Sector Accounting and Financial Reporting System until 2025, in particular with regard to the consolidation of financial reporting at various levels. The introduction of the government's annual financial statements will strengthen the soundness of management decisions at the macro level, both domestic and interstate.
Regulation of the virtual assets market as an instrument to counter the avoidance of international sanctions against the Russian federation
Authors:   Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe, DMYTRENKO Tetiana
Published: July 2022

Introduction. The introduction of international sanctions as a tool to counter armed aggression by the Russian Federation in Ukraine aims to limit the resources of the aggressor country. Problem Statement. Sanctions are applied to different sectors of the economy and the following sanctions are developed by countries taking into account revious results. Purpose. The aim is to develop proposals to increase the impact on the implementation and effectiveness of international sanctions, the need for rapid and optimal action to legalize the crypto market, and implement a risk-oriented approach to cooperation between crypto and financial markets operators in Ukraine based on the analysis of sanctions circumvention schemes applied to banks,companies and individuals of the Russion Federation. Methods. General and special methods are used: analysis, synthesis, grouping, description, comparison, theoretical generalization, and abstract-logical. Results. Emphasis is placed on the urgent need to regulate the market for virtual assets in Ukraine, which requires a regulatory influence on national cryptocurrency operators involved in avoiding sanctions imposed on Russian banks, companies, and individuals, establishing interagency teams to investigate such activities, cooperation with foreign and international entities that the Russian federation. Conclusions. The final decision on the immediate introduction of regulation of the virtual assets market, registration of its participants, and cooperation with foreign regulators and law enforcement agencies in this economic sector will promote more effective sanctions to stop russian aggression in Ukraine, provide evidence to international organizations to include aggressor countries in FAFT sanctions list and war crimes investigation.
Synthesis, Characterization and Biological Evaluation of Novel Thiourea Derivatives
Authors: TOK Fatih , ÇAKIR Cansel , ÇAM Dilaycan , KIRPAT Mustafa Murat , SICAK Yusuf
Published: July 2022

Objective: A new series of 4-[3-(substitutedphenyl)thioureido]-N-(6-chloropyrazin-2-yl)benzenesulfonamide were synthesized from sulfaclozine.
Methods: All compounds were characterized by IR, 1H-NMR spectroscopic methods and elemental analysis. In addition to the antioxidant activity of the synthesis series, enzyme inhibition activities such as anticholinesterase, tyrosinase, α-amylase and α-glycosidase were determined for the first time in this study.
Results: According to these biological activity test results, compound 2a in the DPPH, 2c in the ABTS˙+ assay exhibited more antioxidant activity than reference standard. All thiourea derivatives demonstrated good BChE inhibitory activity than galantamine. Among the compounds, 2e and 2f showed the best tyrosinase enzyme inhibition activity, while 2g had the best α-amylase and α-glucosidase enzyme inhibition activity. In addition, we evaluated the druglikeness properties of compounds and their oral bioavailability were also found to be high.
Conclusion: Thiourea derivatives exhibited remarkable antioxidant activity and enzyme inhibition activity against tyrosinase, cholinesterase, α-amylase and α-glucosidase.
The Relationship Between Health-Promoting Behaviors and Socio-demographic and Clinical Characteristics of Patients with Diabetes
Authors: TEZCAN Bilge , GÜLSEVEN KARABACAK Bilgi
Published: July 2022

Aim: In this study, it was aimed to investigate the relationship between health-promoting attitudes and socio-demographic and the clinical characteristics of patients with diabetes.
Method: The study sample comprised a total of 267 patients with diabetes mellitus aged 18 years and older, who had previously been diagnosed as Type 1 or Type 2 diabetes mellitus for at least 6 months, who had no gestational diabetes mellitus and who had presented to the Internal Diseases Outpatient Clinic in Kocaeli between June-September 2015. Collection of the data were realized by the researchers through face-to-face interviews using the “Patient Information Form” and the “Health-Promoting Lifestyle Profile-II”. The validity-reliability study of the scale for the Turkish population was carried out by Bahar et al. The scale comprises six factors including health responsibility, physical activity, nutrition, spiritual growth, interpersonal relations and stress management.
Results: The patients scored highest in the interpersonal relations and scored lowest in the physical activity factors. Patients who were aged between 18-44 years, those who were high school graduates, those who were retired, those who had a well-balanced income and those with no additional chronic disease had higher scores in Health-Promoting Lifestyle Profile-II compared to others. We found that the health-promoting attitudes were not affected by the duration of diabetes mellitus, body mass index or the presence of diabetes in the family.
Conclusion: We determined that healthy lifestyle attitudes were demonstrated moderately by the patients with diabetes mellitus, and these attitudes were found to be associated with socio-demographic and clinical variables such as patient’s age, education status, diabetes type and presence of diabetes complications.
Validity And Reliability of the Turkish Version of the Cultural Competence Assessment Tool in Nursing Students
Authors: DIĞRAK Ebru , TEZEL Ayfer
Published: July 2022

Objective: Increased cultural diversity in society like Turkey is becoming increasingly important to give a holistic nursing care to meet cultural requirements. It is important to assess cultural competence in order to provide appropriate care for cultural needs. The purpose is to adapt the Cultural Competence Assessment Tool (CCATool) for nursing students into the Turkish language and to determine its validity and reliability.
Methods: A total of 400 nursing students were included in the methodological study in Ankara, Turkey. In the validity study of the CCATool were performed language validity, content validity, construct validity, tool response bias and in the reliability study were performed test-retest reliability and internal consistency analysis.
Results: In the content validity analysis the Item Content Validity Index was .91 and the Scale Content Validity Index was .90. The tool Cronbach's α value is .876 and the Cronbach's α values of the sections vary between .706-.821. The scale was determined there is a statistically positive relationship between test-repeat test score averages of the scale.
Conclusions: The results showed that CCATool adapted to Turkish is a valid and reliable scale in determining the cultural competence level of nursing students.
Pest Management in the Postharvest Agricultural Supply Chain Under Climate Change
Authors: Gerken Alison R. , Morrison William R.
Published: July 2022

Climate change is a danger to the agricultural system and will impact the availability of food to feed the world. While much attention has focused on the effects of climate change on pest management prior to harvest, much less attention and time has been devoted to determining the effects of climate change on pest management in the postharvest supply chain from farm to fork. Climate change may percolate to pest management at a macro level through compositional changes in which species attack commodities through distributional changes or what commodities are grown in a region (and thus processed in that area). However, climate change may also result in altered microclimates at food facilities, which can be tied to increased generation times, elevated damage and contamination potential, greater abundance of species, and greater need for external inputs. A variety of integrated pest management (IPM) strategies may help increase the resiliency and adaptation of management to climate change. Tactics susceptible to warming temperature changes in climate showing decreased efficacy include semiochemical-based, behaviorally-based tactics, a subset of insecticides (e.g., pyrethrins and pyrethroids), and those that rely on low temperature (e.g., grain aeration, grain chilling). Tactics at food facilities showing resilience to warming temperature changes in climate include packaging, other groups of insecticides, and likely sanitation. Data gaps include predicting changing distributions for stored product insects under climate change, translating macro climate changes into microclimate changes at food facilities, and rigorously investigating how IPM tactic efficacy varies under changing climate. Increased scrutiny of how climate change will affect pest management in the postharvest supply chain will deliver improved outcomes for the entire agricultural system.
Spatio-Temporal Modification of Lignin Biosynthesis in Plants: A Promising Strategy for Lignocellulose Improvement and Lignin Valorization
Authors: Wang Yongli , Gui Cunjin , Wu Jiangyan , Gao Xing , Huang Ting , Cui Fengjie , Liu Huan , Sethupathy Sivasamy
Published: July 2022

Lignin is essential for plant growth, structural integrity, biotic/abiotic stress resistance, and water transport. Besides, lignin constitutes 10–30% of lignocellulosic biomass and is difficult to utilize for biofuel production. Over the past few decades, extensive research has uncovered numerous metabolic pathways and genes involved in lignin biosynthesis, several of which have been highlighted as the primary targets for genetic manipulation. However, direct manipulation of lignin biosynthesis is often associated with unexpected abnormalities in plant growth and development for unknown causes, thus limiting the usefulness of genetic engineering for biomass production and utilization. Recent advances in understanding the complex regulatory mechanisms of lignin biosynthesis have revealed new avenues for spatial and temporal modification of lignin in lignocellulosic plants that avoid growth abnormalities. This review explores recent work on utilizing specific transcriptional regulators to modify lignin biosynthesis at both tissue and cellular levels, focusing on using specific promoters paired with functional or regulatory genes to precisely control lignin synthesis and achieve biomass production with desired properties. Further advances in designing more appropriate promoters and other regulators will increase our capacity to modulate lignin content and structure in plants, thus setting the stage for high-value utilization of lignin in the future.
Elevated Serum Sialic Acid Levels May be Associated With Diabetes Retinopathy: A Cross-Sectional Study in Ghana
Authors: Owiredu William K. B. A , Obirikorang Christian , Agoe Alberta Boye , Acheampong Emmanuel , Anto Enoch Odame , Amanquah Seth D. , Agbodzakey Hope , Adu Evans Asamoah , Owusu Hubert
Published: July 2022

This study determined the association between serum sialic acid (SSA) and metabolic risk factors in Ghanaian Type 2 diabetes (T2DM) with and without micro vascular complications. This cross-sectional study recruited 150 T2DM out-patients visiting the diabetic Clinic at the Tema General Hospital, Ghana. Fasting blood samples were collected and analyzed for Total Cholesterol (TC), Triglyceride (TG), Low Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol (LDL-C), High Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol (HDL-C), Fasting Plasma Glucose (FPG), Glycated Haemoglobin (HbA1c), SSA and C-Reactive Protein. SSA levels were significantly higher in diabetics with retinopathy (210.12 ± 85.09mg/dl) compared with those with nephropathy and those without complication (p-value= 0.005). Body adiposity index (BAI) (r= -0.419, p-value = 0.037) and Triglyceride (r= -0.576, p-value = 0.003), had a moderate negative correlation with SSA levels. In a One-Way Analysis of Covariance (Adjusted for TG and BAI), SSA could distinguish between diabetics with retinopathy and those without complications (p-value = 0.004) but not nephropathy (p-value = 0.099). Within group linear regression analysis showed that Elevated serum sialic acid was found in type 2 diabetic patients with retinopathic micro-vascular complications. Therefore, estimation of sialic acid levels may help with the early prediction and prevention of microvascular complications occurring due to diabetes, thereby decreasing the mortality and morbidity.
Florfenicol-Polyarginine Conjugates Exhibit Promising Antibacterial Activity Against Resistant Strains
Authors: Li Zhun , Yang Ya-Jun , Qin Zhe , Li Shi-Hong , Bai Li-Xia , Li Jian-Yong , Liu Xi-Wang
Published: July 2022

Florfenicol was widely used as antibiotic in the livestock and poultry breeding industry, resulting in a serious problem of drug resistance. In order to solve the resistance of florfenicol, this study designed and synthesized a new series of florfenicol-polyarginine conjugates and tested for antimicrobial activities. Drug-sensitive bacteria, gram-negative bacteria Escherichia coli (E. coli) and gram-positive Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus), were sensitive to several of the compounds tested. These conjugates also showed excellent activity against drug-resistant strains such as methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) and florfenicol resistant Escherichia coli strains (2017XJ30, 2019XJ20), one of which as E6 had a minimum inhibitory concentration of 12.5 μmol/L. These conjugates did not allow bacteria to develop resistance and also decreased bacterial growth by membrane depolarization and disruption. Additionally, florfenicol succinate (C1) showed certain activity after coupling with arginine. This suggested that conjugating arginine to florfenicol succinate effectively modulated the properties of prodrugs. These new conjugates may provide useful insights for expanding the pool of antibiotics.
Entomological Investigation and Detection of Dengue Virus Type 1 in Aedes (Stegomyia) albopictus (Skuse) During the 2018–2020 Outbreak in Zhejiang Province, China
Authors: Liu Qinmei , Wang Jinna , Hou Juan , Wu Yuyan , Zhang Hengduan , Xing Dan , Gao Jian , Li Chunxiao , Guo Xiaoxia , Jiang Yuting , Gong Zhenyu , Zhao Tongyan
Published: July 2022

Mosquito-borne diseases are still threats to public health in the Zhejiang province of China. Surveillance of mosquitoes and the mosquito-borne pathogen is a vital approach for early warning, prevention, and control of the infectious disease. In this study, from 2018 to 2020, a total of 141607 female mosquitoes were caught by means of the light trap method. The main species wereCulex pipiens quinquefasciatus/pallens(41.32%),Culex tritaeniorhynchus(47.6%),Aedes albopictus(2.5%),Anopheles sinensis(5.87%),Armigeres subalbatus(2.64%) and other mosquito species (0.07%).Cx. pipiens s.l.were the dominant species in two urban habitats and rural residential areas whileCx. tritaeniorhynchuswas the main dominant species in the rural livestock sheds. In terms of seasonal fluctuation, Cx. pipiens s.l fluctuated at a high level from May to October. The peaks of Cx. tritaeniorhynchus, An. sinensis and Ar. subalbatus were in July. In addition, a total of 693Ae. albopictuswere collected with Biogents Mosquitaire CO2traps in emergency surveillance of dengue fever (DF) and screened for dengue virus infection. There were three circumstances of collection: The first: the sampling time before mosquito control during the local outbreak of DF in Lucheng of Wenzhou, 2019; The second circumstance: the sampling time after mosquito control during the local outbreak of DF of other cities in 2018-2019; The third circumstance: past DF epidemic areas the sampling time before mosquito control during the local outbreak of DF in Lucheng, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 2019. The pools formed by mosquitoes collected in these three circumstances were 3 (6.1%), 35 (71.5%), and 11 (22.4%) respectively. Of the 49 pools tested, only one in the first circumstance was positive. The full-length dengue virus sequence of ZJWZ/2019 was obtained by sequencing and uploaded to the NCBI as number OK448162. Full-length nucleotide and amino acid homology analyses showed that ZJWZ2019 and Wenzhou DF serum isolates ZJWZ-62/2019 (MW582816) and ZJWZ-18/2019 (MW582815) had the highest homology. The analysis of full genome and E gene phylogenetic trees showed that ZJWZ2019 belonged to serotype 1, genotype I, lineage II, which was evolutionarily related to OK159963/Cambodia/2019. It implies that ZJWZ2019 originated in Cambodia. This study showed the species composition, seasonal dynamics of mosquitoes in different habitats in Zhejiang province and confirmed the role ofAe. albopictusin the transmission cycle of in outbreak of DF in the Lucheng district of Wenzhou in 2019, suggesting the importance of monitoring of vectorAedesinfected dengue virus in the prevention and control of DF.
EBV Infection and Its Regulated Metabolic Reprogramming in Nasopharyngeal Tumorigenesis
Authors: Yang Tingting , You Chanping , Meng Shuhui , Lai Zhengquan , Ai Weipeng , Zhang Jun
Published: July 2022

Viral oncogenes may drive cellular metabolic reprogramming to modulate the normal epithelia cell malignant transformation. Understanding the viral oncogene–mediated signaling transduction dysregulation that involves in metabolic reprogramming may provide new therapeutic targets for virus-associated cancer treatment. Latent EBV infection and expression of viral oncogenes, including latent membrane proteins 1 and 2 (LMP1/2), and EBV-encoded BamH I-A rightward transcripts (BART) microRNAs (miR-BARTs), have been demonstrated to play fundamental roles in altering host cell metabolism to support nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) pathogenesis. Yet, how do EBV infection and its encoded oncogenes facilitated the metabolic shifting and their roles in NPC carcinogenesis remains unclear. In this review, we will focus on delineating how EBV infection and its encoded oncoproteins altered the metabolic reprograming of infected cells to support their malignances. Furthermore, based on the understanding of the host’s metabolic signaling alterations induced by EBV, we will provide a new perspective on the interplay between EBV infection and these metabolic pathways and offering a potential therapeutic intervention strategy in the treatment of EBV-associated malignant diseases.
Stakeholder Perceptions of Success in Human-Carnivore Coexistence Interventions
Authors: Lucas Chloe , Abell Jackie , Bremner-Harrison Samantha , Whitehouse-Tedd Katherine
Published: July 2022

Human-carnivore coexistence (HCC) on agricultural lands affects wildlife and human communities around the world, whereby a lack of HCC is a central concern for conservation and farmer livelihoods alike. For intervention strategies aimed at facilitating HCC to achieve their desired goals it is essential to understand how interventions and their success are perceived by different stakeholders. Using a grounded theory approach, interviews (n=31) were conducted with key stakeholders (commercial livestock farmers, conservationists and protected area managers) involved in HCC scenarios in Limpopo, South Africa. Interviews explored perceptions of successful intervention strategies (aimed at increasing HCC), factors that contribute to perceptions of strategy effectiveness and whether coexistence was a concept that stakeholders considered achievable. The use of grounded theory emphasised the individual nature and previously unexplored facets to HCC experiences. The majority of stakeholders based their measures of success on changes in livestock loss. Concern has been raised over the subjectivity and reliance on recall that this measure involves, potentially reducing its reliability as an indicator of functional effectiveness. However, it was relied on heavily by users of HCC interventions in our study and is therefore likely influential in subsequent behaviour and decision-making regarding the intervention. Nonetheless, perceptions of success were not just shaped by livestock loss but influenced by various social, cultural, economic and political factors emphasising the challenges of defining and achieving HCC goals. Perceptions of coexistence varied; some stakeholders considered farmer-carnivore coexistence to be impossible, but most indicated it was feasible with certain caveats. An important element of inter-stakeholder misunderstanding became apparent, especially regarding the respective perceptions of coexistence and responsibility for its achievement. Without fully understanding these perceptions and their underpinning factors, interventions may be restricted in their capacity to meet the expectations of all interested parties. The study highlights the need to understand and explore the perceptions of all stakeholders when implementing intervention strategies in order to properly define and evaluate the achievement of HCC goals.
β-Adrenergic Receptor Desensitization/Down-Regulation in Heart Failure: A Friend or Foe?
Authors: Mahmood Abrahim , Ahmed Kinza , Zhang Youhua
Published: July 2022

Cardiac sympathetic activation, mediated by β-adrenergic receptors (β-ARs), normally increases cardiac contraction and relaxation. Accomplishing this task requires a physiological, concerted Ca2+ signaling, being able to increase Ca2+ release from sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) in systole and speed up Ca2+ re-uptake in diastole. In heart failure (HF) myocardial β-ARs undergo desensitization/down-regulation due to sustained sympathetic adrenergic activation. β-AR desensitization/down-regulation diminishes adrenergic signaling and cardiac contractile reserve, and is conventionally considered to be detrimental in HF progression. Abnormal Ca2+ handling, manifested as cardiac ryanodine receptor (RyR2) dysfunction and diastolic Ca2+ leak (due to sustained adrenergic activation) also occur in HF. RyR2 dysfunction and Ca2+ leak deplete SR Ca2+ store, diminish Ca2+ release in systole and elevate Ca2+ levels in diastole, impairing both systolic and diastolic ventricular function. Moreover, elevated Ca2+ levels in diastole promote triggered activity and arrhythmogenesis. In the presence of RyR2 dysfunction and Ca2+ leak, further activation of the β-AR signaling in HF would worsen the existing abnormal Ca2+ handling, exacerbating not only cardiac dysfunction, but also ventricular arrhythmogenesis and sudden cardiac death. Thus, we conclude that β-AR desensitization/down-regulation may be a self-preserving, adaptive process (acting like an intrinsic β-AR blocker) protecting the failing heart from developing lethal ventricular arrhythmias under conditions of elevated sympathetic drive and catecholamine levels in HF, rather than a conventionally considered detrimental process. This also implies that medications simply enhancing β-AR signaling (like β-AR agonists) may not be so beneficial unless they can also correct dysfunctional Ca2+ handling in HF.
Research of Pipe Cutting and Support in the Pipe-Roof Pre-Construction Method
Authors: Yang Xian , Liu Yang , Li Yongsuo , Yang Zeyu
Published: July 2022

The studies on the steel pipe cutting and support stage in the pipe-roof pre-construction method (PPM) are rare, and their design lacks relevant standards, which is relatively conservative. Based on the Xinleyizhi Station of the Shenyang Metro construction case, MIDAS/GTS is used to study the stress of the original jacking steel pipes, supporting column, and surface subsidence under the influence of different construction parameters in the steel pipe cutting and support process in the PPM. The measured data are consistent with the numerical simulation results, which verifies the reliability of the numerical simulation results. With the increase of the distance between support columns, the maximum Mises stress of the original jacking steel pipe, the axial force of the support column, and the ground settlement gradually increase in a specific range. This indicates that the original design scheme can be optimized.
Mechanical Properties and Acoustic Emission Characteristics of Weakly Cemented Sandstone With Different Grain Sizes
Authors: Liu Bin , Zhang Tong , Zhang Hongwei , Yuan Qiupeng
Published: July 2022

The weakly cemented sandstone is widely distributed in the Western Mining Area, which is mainly formed by mineral grains and cemented minerals through compaction and cementation. To study the influence of grain size on the mechanical properties and acoustic emission (AE) characteristics of weakly cemented sandstone, uniaxial compression and Brazilian splitting AE tests were carried out on four weakly cemented sandstone specimens with different grain sizes. The physical properties, mechanical behaviors, and AE characteristics of sandstone under two conditions were analyzed, and the microfailure mechanism was investigated. The results show that the P-wave velocity, density, uniaxial compressive strength (UCS), and tensile strength of weakly cemented sandstones with different grain sizes decrease with the increase of grain size. The medium sandstone and coarse sandstone exhibit ductile failure, while the siltstone and fine sandstone exhibit brittle failure under the two conditions. The distribution of AE signal strength is nearly Gaussian in the time domain. The peak frequency and upper limit of signal strength are negatively correlated with grain size, and the occurrences of lots of high-strength AE signals can be used as the precursor of sandstone failure. The damage evolution shows the trend of low-speed damage-accelerated damage-low-speed damage, and the damage increase at the peak load is negatively related to the grain size. The microfailure mechanism is the tension-shear mixed failure, which is dominated by tensile failure, with few shear failures. The proportion of shear cracks is positively correlated with the grain size under uniaxial compression, while there is no significant correlation between shear cracks and grain size under Brazilian splitting.
Interval Prediction of Building Foundation Settlement Using Kernel Extreme Learning Machine
Authors: Deng Jiahao , Zeng Ting , Yuan Shuang , Fan Honghui , Xiang Wei
Published: July 2022

Dynamic building foundation settlement subsidence threatens urban businesses and residential communities. In the temporal domain, building foundation settlement is often dynamic and requires real-time monitoring. Accurate quantification of the uncertainty of foundation settlement in the near future is essential to advanced risk management for buildings. Traditional models for predicting foundation settlement mostly utilize the point estimates approach, which provides a single value that can be close or distant from the actual one. However, such an estimation fails to quantify estimation uncertainties. The interval prediction, as an alternative, can provide a prediction interval for the ground settlement with high confidence bands. This study, proposes a lower upper bound estimation approach integrated with a kernel extreme learning machine to predict ground settlement levels with prediction intervals in the temporal domain. A revised objective function is proposed to further improve the interval prediction performance. In this study, the proposed method is compared to the artificial neural network and classical extreme learning machine. Building settlement data collected from Fuxing City, Liaoning Province in China was used to validate the proposed approach. The comparative results show that the proposed approach can construct superior prediction intervals for foundation settlement.
Examining Parental Perception of Inclusive Education Climate
Authors: Sharma Umesh , Woodcock Stuart , May Fiona , Subban Pearl
Published: July 2022

Parental perspectives about the inclusion of their child with a disability has received limited attention in the literature. Considering parental voice plays an important role in determining the quality of inclusive education, the lack of reliable and valid tools to investigate parental experiences has significantly limited research in this area. One of the key objectives of this study was to build the evidence base in the field by testing the psychometric properties of the newly developed Parental Perception of Inclusion Climate Scale, using a systematic approach drawing on a review of available research in the field. The scale incorporates items that address parental perspectives regarding six key aspects of inclusion for their child including presence, participation, acceptance, achievement, happiness and belonging. Participants were recruited through social media, and data from 190 parents of children with additional learning needs attending a range of school settings were collected. Results suggested a three-factor structure, with strong internal consistency for the scale. These factors were: Teacher and School Support; Student Engagement; and Friendships. The scale showed that parents are generally moderately satisfied with their child’s inclusion in school overall. A series of independent samplet-tests and one-way ANOVAs revealed significant differences in parental perspectives of inclusion as measured by the scale according to school sector, disability type, and parent gender. Parents whose children attend government schools reported less satisfaction with their child’s inclusion at school and also with the support provided by teachers and schools more broadly as measured by the Teacher and School Support subscale, as compared to parents of children who attend independent schools. Results also suggested that parents of children with a social emotional disability reported less satisfaction with their child’s engagement in school as measured by the Student Engagement subscale as compared to parents of children without a social emotional disability. Finally, fathers reported higher levels of satisfaction with their child’s engagement in school as measured by the Student Engagement subscale and also higher levels of satisfaction with their peer relationships as measured by the Friendships subscale than mothers. This study provides a tool that researchers, school educators, and policy makers could use to collect evidence about the efficacy of inclusive practices for students with a disability or additional support needs. The scale could provide educators and researchers with a valuable tool to guide evidence-based practice and theory in inclusive education.