bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
BEITRAG ZUR KENNTNIS DER ALGENFLORA AN DER KOLUMBIANISCHEN KIISTE DER KARIBISCHEN SEE
Authors: Schnetter Reinhard
Published: October 2017

Como complemento de los dos estudios ya publicados, se informa sobre nuevos resultados de la investigación de la flora algológica en las costas colombianas del Mar Caribe. De las especies mencionadas, 73 no habían sido anteriormente descritas, como vivientes en las citadas costas.
BIRDS OF THE SERRANÍA DE MACUIRA, GUAJIRA PENINSULA, COLOMBIA
Authors: Marinkelle Cornelis J.
Published: October 2017

From the 10th to the 14th of January 1968, 117 species and subspecies of birds, pertaining to 39 families were observed and 529 specimens collected in the Serranía de Macuira of the upper Guajira. One species and two subspecies are recorded for the first time from Colombia, and Dendroica townsendi reported as a new record for South America. Several other birds, seldom collected in Colombia were also found. This is the first detailed report on the avifauna of this highly interesting area.
ALGUNOS ASPECTOS SOBRE LA TEMPERATURA DE HOJAS PERTENECIENTES A PLANTAS DE LA REGIÓN XEROFÍTICA DE SANTA MARTA (COLOMBIA)
Authors: Schnetter Reinhard
Published: October 2017

Leaf temperatures of several plant species of the xerophytic vegetation near Santa Marta (Colombia) were studied during the dry and the wet season. The leaves of species growing in a cactus thorn scrub reached very high temperatures, especially in the dry season, while leaf temperatures of plants in the area of a disappeared semi-deciduous seasonal forest were lower because of more favorable conditions of water supply and microclimate.
NOTA SOBRE LA EDAD DE LAS CALIZAS CORALINAS DEL PLEISTOCENO MARINO EN LAS ISLAS DE SAN ANDRÉS Y PROVIDENCIA (MAR CARIBE OCCIDENTAL, COLOMBIA)
Authors: Geister Jörn
Published: October 2017

Radio carbon dates of coral samples from Pleistocene reef terraces of the Western Caribbean islands of San Andres and Providencia, indicate ages of coral deposits ranging from 26,000 to 33,000 years. Contamination of coral skeletons with atmospheric i4C isotopes subsequent to exposure of terraces to atmosphere cannot be completely ruled out. So the values obtained may represent only minimum ages, and the terraces in fact could be considerably older. The dates, however, exclude a recent to subrecent age, that former authors.
LOS ARRECIFES DE LA ISLA DE SAN ANDRÉS (MAR CARIBE, COLOMBIA)
Authors: Geister Jörn
Published: October 2017

The windward reef complex NE and E of San Andrés Island is briefly described in terms of submarine topography, sediments and the distribution of corals and other benthonic organisms. The breaker zone of the San Andrés barrier and other exposed Western Caribbean reefs characteristically exhibits a profuse growth consisting almost exclusively of Millepora. In this respect they are different from most other described West Indian reef localities, where Acropora palmata is the dominating species in this part of the reef. The replacement of Acropora palmata by Millepora is interpreted as an adaptation of the reef crest community to high energy environments due to long swell prevailing at the Western end of the Caribbean Sea. A few short reef sections exposed to the maximum degree of wave energy show conspicuous algal ridges.
NOTAS SOBRE LAS ESPECIES CARIBES DEL GENERO Botryocladia (Rhodymeniales, Rhodophyceae) CON REFERENCIA ESPECIAL A LOS TAXA DE LA COSTA ATLANTICA DE COLOMBIA
Authors: Schnetter Reinhard
Published: October 2017

A key has been elaborated for the six species of Botryocladia known from the Caribbean Sea. Four species found in Colombia (Botryocladia monoica, B. occidentalis, B. papenfussiana and B. shanksii) are described.
TAXONOMY OF THE CHAETOGNATHS OF THE BIGHT OF PANAMA
Authors: Pineda Polo Francisco H,
Published: October 2017

Confusions arising on the taxonomy of Sagitta pacifica, S. bedoti and S. pulebra are mainly the result of imprecise and subjective descriptions. A new modern account on two of the three spccies as they appeared in plankton samples collected off the Colombian Pacific and the Bight of Panama is provided, including meristic and morphological information. For the third species S. bedoti, only the relevant meristic and morphometric information gathered is included since published accounts are adequate. It is hoped that this work will represent a contribution in future taxonomic and ecological studies on these species.
LOS CANGREJOS ERMITAÑOS (CRUSTACEA, ANOMURA, PAGURIDAE) DE LA COSTA NORTE COLOMBIANA
Authors: Sánchez M. Hernando , Campos Néstor H.
Published: October 2017

The present paper reports eight geners and sixteen species of hermit crabs (Paguridae and Coenobitidae) from the regions of Cartagena and Santa Marta.Special attention is given to their geographical distribution; hitherto known ecological data are compared with those collected for this study.
REPORTE SOBRE ALGUNAS ESPECIES DE MAJIDAE (Crustacea: Brachyura) PARA LA COSTA ATLANTICA COLOMBIANA
Authors: Vélez Margarita M.
Published: October 2017

Seven species of Majidae that haven,t been reported before to the Atlantic Colombian Coast, were descripted and ilustrated. These species were collected in the Rosario Islands and the region of Santa Marta, Colombia.
HALLAZGO DEL PARGO CUNARO Rhomboplites aurorubens (CUVIER) (PISCES: LUTJANIDAE) EN UN ARRECIFE CORALINO SOMERO
Authors: Acero P. Arturo , Garzón F. Jaime
Published: October 2017

Several individuals of the vermilion snapper Rhomboplites aurorubens were observed swimming in heterospecific schools between 10 and 20 m depth in a coral reef at Isla Tesoro (Archipiélago del Rosario, Colombian Caribbean). One of those specimens was collected and its meristic and morphometric characters examined, as well as its stomach content and sexual maturity. A comparison with the literature on the biology and ecology of this snapper is made in an attempt to explain its presence on those conditions.
ZONACION DE OCTOCORALES GORGONACEOS EN EL AREA DE SANTA MARTA Y PARQUE NACIONAL TAYRONA, COSTA CARIBE COLOMBIANA
Authors: Botero Leonor
Published: October 2017

Thirty nine species of gorgonacean octocorals have been found so far in the area of SantaMarta and Parque NacionalTayrona. Themajority of zooxanthellate gorgonaceans are distributed betwenn 1 and 16-18 m of depth, since lack of hard, consolidated substrate inhibits their presence below these depths. The low water transparency is probably also influencing their maximun limit of vertical distribution, since on hard consolidated rock at 50 m of depth in one station, only azooxanthellate gorgonaceans grow. Type of substrate, amount of light and wave turbulence, are probably the main physical environmental factors that determine zonation and distribution patterns of gorgonaceans in the study area.
APLICACION DE LA ESPECTROFOTOMETRIA ULTRAVIOLETA PARA DETERMINAR EL OXIGENO DISUELTO EN AGUA POR EL METODO WINKLER
Authors: Ramírez T. Gustavo
Published: October 2017

Ultraviolet spectrophotometry as an alternative technique to the thiosulphate titration for the dissolved oxygen evaluation of natural waters byWinkler method was used. Analysis of waters with different salinities (Río Manzanares, Ciénaga Grande, Bahía de Santa Marta) did not show statistically significant differences (p<0.05) between titration and photometry measurements, which suggest this technical modification can be applied in freshwater and marine aquatic systems.
EFECTO DE LA SALINIDAD SOBRE EL CRECIMIENTO POBLACIONAL Y EL RENDIMIENTO DEL ROTIFERO BRACHIONUS PLICATILIS (CEPA CIENAGA GRANDE DE SANTA MARTA)
Authors: Vallejo I. Adriana , Newmark Federico , Criaies María Mercedes
Published: October 2017

The effect of salinity on the population growth and yield of a strain of Brachionus plicatiiis (O.F. Muller, 1786) was determined by two laboratory experiments. The rotifer B. plicatiiis was isolated from the plankton of the Ciénaga Grande de Santa Marta, Colombia, and cultivated in laboratory under different salinity conditions. The local microalgae Chiorella sp., also isolated in laboratory, was used as food for the rotifers. Salinity values ranged from 3 to 24 o/oo in the first experiment and 30 to 45 o/oo in the second. It was found that these rotifers grow and exhibit a" high adaptive capability when cultured at salinities ranging from 16 to 40o/oo. The rotifer curves of population growth were negative at salinities under 16 o/oo. At salinities of 30, 36, and 40 o/oo the maximum densities were similar in the ninth day. Although maximum densities were somewhat lower at 45 o/oo salinity, no significant statistical differences were found. Maximum values of density (d), yield (y), instantaneous growth rate (k) and doubling time (td) corresponded to a salinity of 36o/oo.
DESCRIPCION DE UNA ESPECIE NUEVA DE HYPOPLECTRUS (PISCES: SERRANIDAE) DEL CARIBE OCCIDENTAL Y COMENTARIOS SOBRE LAS ESPECIES COLOMBIANAS DEL GENERO
Authors: Acero P. Arturo , Garzón Ferreira Jaime
Published: October 2017

The masked hamlet is herewith officially described as Hypoplectrus providencianus n. sp. It can be clearly separated from the other hamlets by coloration: light body, black tear-like bar, pectorals fins black or at leastwith black upper edges, caudal fin dark or at leastwith upper and lower dark margins, a black caudal saddle well developed to absent. The new species is known only from islands of the western Caribbean and adjacent waters: Providencia, Courtown (= Bolivar) and Alburquerque cays, Grand Cayman and Jamaica. Information is presented about the other species of the genus known from Colombia: barred hamlet, butter hamlet, black hamlet, shy hamlet, golden hamlet and indigo hamlet.
ANALISIS DE RESIDUOS DE ORGANOCLORADOS EN LOS SEDIMENTOS DE ZONAS DE MANGLAR EN LA CIENAGA GRANDE DE SANTA MARTA Y LA BAHIA DE CHENGUE, CARIBE COLOMBIANO
Authors: Espinosa Luisa Fernanda , Ramírez Gustavo , Campos Néstor Hernando
Published: October 2017

Concentrations of six organochlorine pesticide residues (lindane, heptachlor, aldrin, pp 'DDE, pp'DDD y pp'DDT) were analized in surface mangrove sediments at four sites at Ciénaga Grande de Santa Marta and in one site in Bahía de Chengue, Colombian Caribbean. Analyses were carried out by gas-liquid chromatography. Samples were taken between March and December 1993, corresponding to four climatic seasons (dry, minor rainy, minor dry and major rainy). Significant differences in lindane, heptachlor and pp'DDE concentrations among seasons were determined by multifactorial analysis of variance; the other three compounds(aldrin, pp,DDD an pp 'DDT) did not show significant differences for any of the likely sources of variation. Highest concentrations of lindane were in dry season and those of heptaclore and pp'DDE were in rainy season. A canonical correlation was run between the groups formed with organochlorine concentratios and water salinity plus relative organic matter content. The correlation coefficients indicate that only pp'DDT presented a inverse correlation with the percentage of organic matter.
CARACTERIZACION GEOMORFOLOGICA DE LA LLANURA DELTAICA DEL RIO MAGDALENA CON ENFASIS EN EL SISTEMA LAGUNAR DE LA CIENAGA GRANDE DE SANTA MARTA, COLOMBIA
Authors: Bernal Gladys
Published: October 2017

The plain located between Magdalena river and Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta has been divided into five geomorphic units: Magdalena floodplain; present delta lagoon system; marginal lagoon system; beach and barrier island and alluvial foothill plain. The features of each one are product of specific events in time. The marginal lagoon system and its barrier island conform a scheme of lagoon - barrier - sea. Salamanca shore is dominated by waves and is subjected to recession. A general cross section of the island includes seabeach- dunes-plain with vegetation-salt pan-plain with vegetation-mangrove-lagoon. The marginal lagoon system (which includes Ciénaga Grande) is strongly dependent of vegetation. Toward northwest desertification is the dominant process and toward northeast (alluvial foothill plain) it,s
GEOMORFOLOGIA Y FORMACIONES ARRECIFALES RECIENTES DE ISLA FUERTE Y BAJO BUSHNELL, PLATAFORMA CONTINENTAL DEL CARIBE COLOMBIANO
Authors: Díaz Juan M. , Sánchez Juan A. , Díaz Pulido Guillermo
Published: October 2017

Based on field surveys and interpretation of aerial photography and echosounder profiles, a general description of the geomorphological features and a characterization of the coralline structures of two reefal areas off the southern-central Colombian Caribbean coast, Isla Fuerte and Bajo Bushnell, are presented. Isla Fuerte is a partially emerged Holocenic reef-complex. The insular shelf occupies an area of about 13 km2 and, besides a highstanding island, it has diverse geomorphological features such as a seaward fringing barrier reef, a peripherical reef-belt at the outer shelf margin, and shallow patch reefs, as well as large seagrass meadows on its leeward side. On the other hand, Bushnell is a dome-shaped coral bank, about 1300 m in diameter, with a minimum depth of 12 m, located near the shelf-edge. Despite the bottom communities being relatively homogeneous and their boundaries are ill-defined, at least four ecological bottom units could be distinguished at Bushnell on the basis of the presence/dominance of conspicuous sessile organisms. The zone of greater living coral coverage corresponds to the shallowest, seaward part of the shoal. A list of coral species observed in both areas is included. Like other coral banks and islands off the central part of the Colombian Caribbean coast, the origin of these high-reliefs on the continental shelf seems to be related to diapiric and tectonic activity, and subsequent colonization by hermatipic organisms since Holocene times.
PRIMER HALLAZGO DEL TIBURON CAÑABOTA HEXANCHUS GRISEUS (BONATERRE, 1788) (PISCES: CHONDRICHTHYES, HEXANCHIDAE) EN AGUAS DEL PACIFICO TROPICALAMERICANO
Authors: Acevedo M. Gilbert , Rubio R. Efraín Alfonso , Zapata P. Luis Alonso
Published: October 2017

The sharks of six and seven gill openings, that belong to the order Hexanchiformes, are very rare in the commercial captures of tropical America; its species are typical inhabitants of cold boreal seas, and they rarely enter into warm waters. The capture of Hexanchus griseus, for the first time, in tropical waters of the American Pacific ocean, is presented in this record.
PRESENCIA DE METALPHEUS ROSTRATIPES (Pocock, 1890) (CRUSTACEA: ALPHEIDAE) EN EL CARIBE COLOMBIANO
Authors: Navas S. Gabriel R. , Lattig Patricia , Moreno Forero Silvia K.
Published: October 2017

Samples of skeletons of the coral Acropora palmata obtained on the reef crest of Isla Grande, Islas del Rosario (colombian Caribbean),were found to contain two  specimens of the family Alpheidae, Metalpheus rostratipes (Pocock, 1890). This shrimp species is reported for the first time from the colombian Caribbean.
INCIDENCIA DE LA DEPREDACIÓN POR PECES EN CORALES PÉTREOS DE CUATRO ATOLONES DEL ARCHIPIÉLAGO DE SAN ANDRÉS Y PROVIDENCIA (CARIBE COLOMBIANO)
Authors: Garzón Ferreira Jaime , Reyes Nivia María Catalina
Published: October 2017

Based on data recorded in 1994 and 1995 dunng a basoimo study carnod out at four wostom CanbOean atolls (Albuquorquo. Courtown, Roncador and Serrana) of the San Andrós and Providencia archipelago, the incidence of hard coral predation by fishes and its relation with the abundance of the parrotfishes Spansoma virido and Scarvs votula was anaJyzod. Among affectod corals. Montaslraoa annutans and M. tavootata showed the highest incidence of fish txtes (29.5% and 18.7% respectively). There were no significant differences between the atolls on the Incidence of coral predation by fishes (Kruskall-Wallis, p = 0.07). When comparing botwoon goomorphologic units tho lagoon showed tho highost lovol of prodation (14.3%), and also the largest populations of S. vinde and S. vetula, but both parameters were not significantly related. Highest predatory incidence and parrotfish abundance in tho lagoon could bo rotated to tho dominance of the Montastraea spp. complex in this environment, because these coral species have been recognized as the preforrcd grazing substrates for the two parrotfishes. The predatory activity by the parrotfishes probably has contributed to the general degradation procoss ot tho coral reefs in the atolls, when combined with the other agents of stress.
CAMBIOS HISTORICOS EN LA DISTRIBUCIÓN Y ABUNDANCIA DE PRADERAS DE PASTOS MARINOS EN LA BAHÍA DE CARTAGENA Y AREAS ALEDAÑAS (COLOMBIA)
Authors: Díaz M. Juan Manuel , Gómez López Diana Isabel
Published: October 2017

The spatial distribution of seagrass beds within the Cartagena Bay and neighboring areas was reconstructed through comparative analyses of maps, aerial photographs and satellite imagery, as well as observations in the field for five time periods within the last six decades. From slightly more than 1,000 hectares of seagrass beds existing in 1935-45, only 76 remained in 2001, which is less than 8%. The loss rate of seagrass within the bay showed an inverse exponential pattern, whereas outside of the bay the tendency was linear. The almost disappearance of this community was probably raged by the reopening of the Canal del Dique early in the thirties, causing the introduction of important amounts of turbid freshwater and sediments into the bay, and subsequently accelerated by the rapid development of the industrial zone, spilling of polluted industrial and domestic waters, dredging and coastal development. The reduction of seagrass areas has been seemingly accompanied by changes in the structure of the animal community, becomig apparent through the evident disappearance of suspension feeding invertebrates which were so far dominant elements three decades earlier. The loss of seagrass beds in the bay during the 20th century seems likely to be part of the long lasting human transformation process of this ecosystem, which started three centuries before.
MODELO MATEMÁTICO DEL ECOSISTEMA DE LA CIÉNAGA GRANDE DE SANTA MARTA
Authors: Tuchkovenko Yuri S. , Calero Luis Alfredo
Published: October 2017

The structure of the chemical – biological block of two-dimensional mathematical model of ecosystem and shallow reservoir and his methods of calibration is described in detail. The model includes the balance equations for the following components of ecosystem: phytoplankton, bacteria, zooplankton, dead (organic) matter, phosphate, ammonium, nitrite, nitrate and dissolved oxygen. Results of calculations of spatial distribution of several components of the ecosystem for the Ciénaga Grande de Santa Marta coastal lagoon (Colombia) in various seasons of year are given.
PECES ASOCIADOS A FORMACIONES CORALINAS DE CINCO ÁREAS DEL CARIBE COLOMBIANO: LISTADO DE ESPECIES Y PRIMEROS REGISTROS PARA LAS ÁREAS
Authors: Reyes Nivia María Catalina , Rodríguez Ramírez Alberto , Garzón Ferreira Jaime
Published: October 2017

Five coral reef areas at the Colombian Caribbean were assessed between 1998 and 2003 through the “National Coral Reef Monitoring System of Colombia” (SIMAC), recording 198 species of fishes. T h e highest species number was observed in Chengue bay (149), including four new records for the Santa Marta area. At San Andrés Island, 138 species were identified, with nine new records for the Archipelago. At the Rosario Island, 128 species were recorded with eight new records, while 114 species and 12 new records were observed at San Bernardo Islands. Of the 119 fish species recorded at the Urabá area, 48 are reported for the first time.
DINÁMICA DEL FITOPLANCTON DE LA CIÉNAGA GRANDE DE SANTA MARTA, CARIBE COLOMBIANO
Authors: De La Hoz Aristizbal María Virginia
Published: October 2017

In order to assess phytoplankton dynamics in the Ciénaga Grande de Santa Marta, bimonthly sampling was done at six stations from March 1996 to February 1997. Salinity showed wide ranges so the year could be divided in four seasons. Higher salinities were related to higher phytoplankton density, while lower salinities were related to lower phytoplankton densities and increased species richness. 224 taxa were recorded, and the general trend was towards a low diversity with a few dominant species, and most of them rare. Cyanophytes showed the highest abundances all year. Salinity, turbidity and orthophosphates were the environmental factors best related to the biotic data. Seasonal changes in phytoplankton concerning to meteorological conditions, fresh and tidal floods and dredging of Clarín canal are discussed.
RECORDS OF JAEGERS (AVES: STERCORARIIDAE) FROM THE COLOMBIAN COASTS
Authors: Estela Felipe A. , Naranjo Luis G. , Franke Ante Rebeca
Published: October 2017

This note confirms the presence of three species of Jaegers both on the Caribbean and the Pacific coasts of Colombia. In addition to an updated list of sightings for each species, the note reports on two specimens not previously recorded in the scientific literature. The presence of Catharacta skua, and possibly C. maccormicki in Colombia is also discussed.
AVES DE LA PARTE BAJA DEL RÍO SINÚ, CARIBE COLOMBIANO; INVENTARIO Y AMPLIACIONES DE DISTRIBUCIÓN
Authors: Estela Felipe A. , López Victoria Mateo
Published: October 2017

Knowledge of the geographical distribution of the birds in the Colombian Caribbean is still meager. Coastal wetlands are among the less studied environments in the area and one of the most important for their high bird richness. Since 1998, inventories and monitoring of the bird populations of the lower part of the Sinú river have been made. Until July 2005, 296 bird species have been recorded for the area, 41 of which are new for this part of the Caribbean; in addition, new wintering localities were noted for eight migratory species. Breeding records were obtained for 98 species. Three species are threatened at some level and six have a restricted geographic distribution. New records for the area are explained in terms of the limited previous knowledge of the region’s avifauna.
NUEVOS REGISTROS DE CANGREJOS DEL GÉNERO PALICUS (PHILIPPI, 1838) (CRUSTACEA: DECAPODA: BRACHYURA: PALICIDAE) PARA EL MAR CARIBE COLOMBIANO
Authors: Bermúdez Adriana , Cruz Norella , Navas S. Gabriel R. , Campos Néstor Hernando
Published: October 2017

A new range extension of Palicus floridanus and five new records of Palicidae are presented, the samples are collected from the Colombian Caribbean coast during the cruise of INVEMAR-Macrofauna I between 1998 and 1999, along the upper continental Slope (300 and 500 m deep). Six species have now been recorded from the area: P. alternatus Rathbun, 1897; P. cursor A. Milne- Edwards, 1880; P. floridanus Rathbun, 1918; P. gracilipes A. Milne-Edwards, 1880; P. gracilis Smith, 1883, and P. sicus A. Milne-Edwards, 1880. Previously, P. alternatus was the only member of the family reported for this area before this study.
MONITOREO DE LOS NIVELES DE TESTOSTERONA Y ESTRADIOL EN EL PLASMA SANGUÍNEO DE HEMBRAS DE PARGO PALMERO LUTJANUS ANALIS MANTENIDAS BAJO DOS TERMOPERIODOS DE ACONDICIONAMIENTO DIFERENTES
Authors: Castaño Rivera Fabio , Botero Arango Julián
Published: October 2017

Two groups of adult Mutton snapper fish Lutjanus analis captured in the wild, each one of three females and four males, were kept during eight months under controlled temperature and photoperiod conditions in the lab in order to stimulate their sexual maturation which was in a state of latency because of the effects of confinement. The first group was maintained under an artificial cycle with temperature manipulation and the second under a control cycle, in which this parameter was left at natural conditions. Every two months blood samples from all females were taken for the analysis of plasma testosterone (T) and oestradiol (E2) levels, taking ovarian biopsies simultaneously to register the mean diameter of the oocytes. After six months, a significative increase in the mean diameter of the oocytes of the three females of the artificial cycle was observed, with coincidence and statistic relationship with the increase in the T and E2 (r = 0.62 y 0.82 respectively). No oocyte growth was observed in the females under the control cycle. In both, artificial and control cycles, T and E2 levels showed a close relationship with photoperiod (r = 0.84 y r = 0.61) while temperature showed a lower or non significant relationship (r = 0.40 y r = 0.20). Statistical differences (P<0.1) were found between the condition factors of the two groups, while the sexual steroids didn’t show any differences between them. The present work constitutes the first report on the analysis of sexual steroid levels during the gonadal maturation process in fish of the Family Lutjanidae kept under an artificial conditioning cycle.
VARIABILIDAD DE LOS APORTES A LOS SEDIMENTOS SUPERFICIALES DURANTE UN CICLO ANUAL EN LOS BANCOS DE SALMEDINA
Authors: Bernal Gladys , Velásquez Alejandro , Vargas Iván , Agudelo Ana Cristina , Andrade Carlos Alberto , Domínguez Juan Gabriel , Ricaurte Constanza , Mayo Gisela
Published: October 2017

To understand sedimentation processes at Salmedina Reef Banks during the annual cycle, three cylindrical sediment traps were installed on the flat top of the reef Banks at mean depth of 8.5 m. Cylinders were collected monthly between July, 2003 and September, 2004. The trap content was analyzed by bulk composition and the composition of biogenic calcareous particles from the sand fraction. Results were compared with environmental parameters of the area trough the same time span. Sedimentological variables were analyzed with emphasis on terrigenous supply and relative percentages of calcareous components related to location and physical parameters. It was found that the totality of sedimentation, terrigenous contribution included, was concentrated during the dry season. Both temperature and sedimentation are stress factors for coral development at this place.
MODEL-BASED GEOMORPHOLOGY OF MALPELO ISLAND AND SPATIAL DISTRIBUTION OF BREEDING SEABIRDS
Authors: López Victoria Mateo , Rozo Daniel M.
Published: October 2017

The spatial distribution of seabird nests present on Malpelo Island, the main characteristics of the islandʼs topography, and the types of substratum available for nesting were addressed using a Digital Elevation Model (DEM). The model is based on data from remote sensors (satellite images, aerial photography and panoramic photography), and from field data processed through a geographical information system. The nests of Sula granti prevail on the surfaces of Malpelo Island and neighboring islets, while those of the remaining species (S. sula, Creagrus furcatus, Anous stolidus, A. minutus and Gygis alba) are spatially restricted to the cliff margins and to crevices or caverns at different heights. The presence of terrestrial predators and predatory birds (Fregata spp.) seems to mainly explain the marginal distribution of other breeding species. The cartographic data presented here differ significantly from past and current representations, especially those concerning the islandʼs emerged surface and other geomorphologic features. This new cartographical information will support future studies on the terrestrial fauna and flora of Malpelo Island and its islets.
CAPRELLIDS FROM THE CARIBBEAN COAST OF COLOMBIA, WITH DESCRIPTION OF THREE NEW SPECIES AND A KEY FOR SPECIES IDENTIFICATION
Authors: Guerra García José M. , Krapp Schickel Traudl , Müller Hans G.
Published: October 2017

The Caprellidae (Crustacea: Amphipoda) of shallow waters of the Caribbean coast of Colombia, South America, are investigated. This is the first study dealing with the caprellidean fauna of this area. A total of 45 stations from Punta Brava to Punta Cañaveral, at Santa Marta region, Colombia, was selected, and samples of algae, coral rubble, sponges, hydroids, bryozoans and sediments were collected from the intertidal zone to 30 m depth. Ten species in seven genera were found (three of which are new to science): Aciconula sp., Caprella cf. penantis Leach, 1814, Caprella danilevskii Czerniavskii, 1868, Deutella caribensis n.sp., D. incerta (Mayer, 1903), D. mayeri Stebbing, 1895, Hemiaegina minuta Mayer, 1890, Paracaprella pusilla Mayer, 1890, Pseudaeginella colombiensis n.sp., and Tritella chibcha n.sp. All the species are fully illustrated, and a key to species level for all species is also provided.
BIRDS OF ISLA FUERTE AND TORTUGUILLA, TWO ISLANDS ON THE CONTINENTAL SHELF OF THE COLOMBIAN CARIBBEAN
Authors: Estela Felipe A.
Published: October 2017

Bird observations were made during five days between 2004 and 2006 on Isla Fuerte and Isla Tortuguilla, two continental shelf islands of the Colombian Caribbean coast. On both sites 83 species were recorded. Isla Fuerte is larger and has a more complex array of habitats, supporting a larger and more complete bird community. Noteworthy species and aspects on the conservation of these insular environments are discussed.
EVALUACIÓN ECONÓMICA DE LA PESQUERÍA ARTESANAL DE LA CIÉNAGA GRANDE DE SANTA MARTA Y COMPLEJO DE PAJARALES, CARIBE COLOMBIANO
Authors: Zamora Bornachera Anny P. , Narváez Barandica Juan C. , Londoño Díaz Luz M.
Published: October 2017

Financial indicators (investment and operational costs, income and profits and net current value, cost-benefit) were used between 1994 and 2003, in order to evaluate the economic profitability of the most representative fishing economic units (FEU) from the coastal and stilt villages in the Ciénaga Grande de Santa Marta and Pajarales complex (CGSM-CP). It has been stated that most of the FEUs are not financially profitable for these fishers, since they generate very low incomes, which in most cases are not enough to match the current minimum legal salary. In spite of that, fishermen from the coastal villages showed higher economic profitability than those from stilt villages. It has also been observed that the fishermen economic yields suffer variations in a very short term, which is attributed to natural and anthropogenic changes of the CGSM that are affecting the structure and composition of fish population. This is driving the fishery towards being nonviable in the long term, with the implications it has on fishermen behavior: i) higher pressure on fish resources, ii) increase of economic debt, and iii) incapability saving money. In this context, it is recommended to develop the bases for fishery management in the CGSM, without overlooking the social and cultural characteristics of human population, as well as its active participation in the fishery management.
NUEVOS REGISTROS DE PECES PARA EL CARIBE COLOMBIANO DE LOS ÓRDENES MYCTOPHIFORMES, POLYMIXIIFORMES, GADIFORMES, OPHIDIIFORMES Y LOPHIIFORMES
Authors: Roa Varón Adela , Saavedra Díaz Lina M. , Acero P. Arturo , Mejía M. Luz S.
Published: October 2017

Between 1998 and 1999, the expedition INVEMARMACROFAUNA I was conducted through the Colombian Caribbean slope, from Punta Estrella (Guajira) to Cabo Tiburón, near the Panamá border. Eighty trawls were performed between 200 and 500 m depth, with a semi balloon net. Seventeen first records of fishes for the Colombian Caribbean of the orders Myctophiformes, Polymixiiformes, Gadiformes, Ophidiiformes, and Lophiiformes are listed here. Diplacanthopoma brachysoma is a first record for the Caribbean and Neoscopelus microchir, Chaunax pictus and Malthopsis gnoma are also first records for the southern Caribbean. Neobythites gilli includes other two species that were recently validated, N. ocellatus y N. monocellatus.
REVISIÓN TAXONÓMICA DE LA FAMILIA ANTENNARIIDAE PARA COLOMBIA (PISCES: LOPHIIFORMES), INCLUYENDO UN NUEVO REGISTRO DE ANTENNARIUS
Authors: Mejía Ladino Luz M. , Acero P. Arturo , Mejía M. Luz S. , Polanco F. Andrea
Published: October 2017

The family Antennariidae is represented by two genera (Antennarius and Histrio) and seven species in the Western Atlantic, and by two genera (Antennarius and Antennatus) and five species in the Eastern Pacific. All the species are known from Colombian waters, with the exception of Antenanrius coccineus. In this study we review the family Antenariidae in Colombia, based on the examination of 51 specimens. Antennarius radiosus is first recorded from the Colombian Caribbean, based on two specimens collected with trawls at 20 m depth in Buritaca (Magdalena) and Isla Fuerte (Córdoba). Antennarius radiosus, Antennarius bermudensis, Antennarius multiocellatus, Antennarius ocellatus and Antennarius pauciradiatus are restricted to the Western Atlantic. The most common species found in Colombian seas are Antennarius striatus in the Caribbean and Antennarius avalonis in the Pacific. Histrio histrio is the only species with an almost circumglobal distribution. A key to identify antenariid fishes from Colombia is provided.
CONFIRMACIÓN DE LA PRESENCIA DEL CORAL PAVONA CHIRIQUIENSIS GLYNN, MATÉ Y STEMANN (CNIDARIA: ANTHOZOA: AGARICIIDAE) EN EL PACÍFICO COLOMBIANO
Authors: Zapata Fernando A. , Rodríguez Ramírez Alberto , Rodríguez Moreno Melina , Muñoz Carlos G. , López Victoria Mateo
Published: October 2017

El género Pavona comprende 18 especies de las cuales Pavona chiriquiensis ha sido recientemente descrita y registrada en varias localidades del Pacífico oriental tropical. A partir de observaciones y colecciones realizadas en arrecifes de las islas Gorgona y Malpelo entre 1999 y 2005 se confirma su presencia en Colombia. El tardío registro de P. chiriquiensis en estas islas pudo ser debido a su similitud y confusión con P. varians, o a su reciente colonización del Pacífico colombiano.
CULTIVO PILOTO DE MACROALGAS ROJAS (RHODOPHYTA) EN BAHÍA PORTETE, LA GUAJIRA, COLOMBIA
Authors: Delgadillo Garzón Oscar , Newmark Federico
Published: October 2017

A seaweed pilot culture was developed in Portete bay, La Guajira, Colombia, between July 2005 and June 2006. The aim of this study was to evaluate the potential of this activity as a productive alternative to coastal communities thriving in the region. One hundred fourteen kilograms of the red algae Gracilaria cervicornis, Hydropuntia cornea, Hypnea musciformis and Grateloupia sp. were attached to polypropylene ropes and cylindrical meshes, at two sites of the bay. Gracilaria cervicornis had relative growth rates (RGR) between 0.1 % day-1 and 1.22 % day-1, with a mean of 0.44 % day-1, strong epiphytism and high loss rates. Hydropuntia cornea had a mean RGR of 0.91 % day-1 varying between 0.02 % day-1 and 3.5 % day-1 at site one, while at site two it had an average RGR of 0.97 % day-1 with a range between 0.03 % day-1 to 4.1 % day-1 with the maximum value recorded in February 2006. Small sized fragments exhibited the best RGR and biomass increase in comparison to larger fragments. Hypnea musciformis and Grateloupia sp. did not fare well under culture conditions due to their fragility. Environmental factors such as temperature and salinity had great variation in time, but no correlation was evident with RGR. The greatest RGR and epiphytism reduction were observed during the dry season where minimum temperatures were registered and there was an increase in nutrient availability due to a seasonal upwelling event. Different factors, such as water motion, nutrient concentration, temperature, salinity, herbivory, and epiphytism, exert some influence on seaweed growth, although is necessary to perform a complete characterization of physicochemical parameters in order to assess the bay’s productivity. It is also necessary to develop experiments aimed at reducing the incidence of different factors in the cultures. The RGR of some local algae species reported in this study suggest that Portete bay has adequate conditions to develop seaweed culture but, in order to do so, it is necessary to improve some of the culture techniques.
DINÁMICA ESPACIAL Y TEMPORAL DE LA BIOMASA ALGAL ASOCIADA A LAS RAÍCES DE MANGLE EN LA BAHÍA DE BUENAVENTURA, COSTA PACÍFICA DE COLOMBIA
Authors: Peña Salamanca Enrique Javier
Published: October 2017

The spatial and temporal variation of biomass of mangroveassociated macroalgae growing on roots of Rhizophora. mangle and pneumatophores of Avicennia. germinans were studied at three sampling stations in Buenaventura bay, Colombia, between November 1999 and September 2003. Eighteen species of algae were collected including nine Rhodophyceae, five Chlorophyceae and four Cyanophyta (Cyanobacteria). Four species dominated the algal flora and collectively contributed with 90 % of the total algal biomass. Bostrychia calliptera was the most dominant with 32 % of the total biomass, followed by Boodleopsis verticillata (26 %), Catenella impudica (18 %), and Caloglossa leprieurii (12 %). Algal biomass between seasons showed significant differences, with higher biomass found during the dry season compared to those of the rainy season. The algal biomass at the mouth of the estuary was significantly higher than that found in the inner areas of the estuary (annual means of 30.7 ± 10.8 vs. 13.8 ± 4.1 g m-2 respectively).Three well-defined vertical zones were observed, based on algal biomass: A narrow upper zone, dominated by B. calliptera; a wide middle zone, with mixed populations of C. impudica and B. calliptera, registering annual mean of 86.8 ± 24.1 g m-2, and a bottom zone, dominated by C. leprieurii and B. verticillata. The results indicated that water level inundation and the vertical position along the roots seem to be the most important factors influencing the algal biomass.
COBERTURA DE LOS FONDOS Y PAISAJES BENTÓNICOS ASOCIADOS A FORMACIONES DIAPÍRICAS EN LOS BANCOS DE SALMEDINA, PLATAFORMA CONTINENTAL DEL CARIBE COLOMBIANO
Authors: Domínguez Juan Gabriel , Gómez Juan Carlos , Ricaurte Constanza , Mayo Gisela , Orejarena Jaime , Díaz Juan Manuel , Andrade Carlos Alberto
Published: October 2017

The submarine ecological units around an active mud volcano in the offshore banks of Salmedina, Colombian Caribbean, were determined and mapped employing geo-referenced submarine video-transects, bathymetry analysis, and interpretation of satellite imagery. Distribution, relative cover, and the most representative benthic, sessile organisms of the different ecological units are described. In the shallow zone of the banks, 60 % of the substrate was covered by algae and only 10 % by living corals. The relative cover of living corals in deeper zones increased to 33 % in semi vertical slopes and up to 55 % on the upper flats of deeper located banks. The dominant coral species overall were Siderastrea siderea and Montastraea annularis. A determining natural factor in the reef structure in the zone seems to be recent diapiric activity, with a constant mud emanation in the western sector. The Banks of Salmedina are under the influence of turbid plumes that seemingly increase sedimentation and are impacted by blast fishing as well. Although the shallowest zone of the bank shows the highest affectation, the coral community in the deeper zones still exhibit a noticeable cover of living coral, even higher than in other areas in the region with similar features. The recent diapiric activity of constant mud ejection determines the coral community structure in the western sector.
ESTADO DE LA POBLACIÓN Y VALORACIÓN DE ALGUNAS ESTRATEGIAS DE CONSERVACIÓN DEL RECURSO PIANGUA ANADARA TUBERCULOSA (SOWERBY) EN SECTORES DE BAZÁN Y NERETE, COSTA PACÍFICA NARIÑENSE DE COLOMBIA
Authors: Espinosa G. Silvana , Delgado Hernández María Fernanda , Orobio Riofrío Bernardo , Mejía Ladino Luz Marina , Gil Agudelo Diego L.
Published: October 2017

The objective of this investigation was to evaluate the status of piangua (Anadara tuberculosa, Sowerby) populations in two areas of the province of Nariño (Pacific coast of Colombia), and to assess the effect on natural communities of conservation strategies such as closed periods, rotation on extracting areas, and enforcement of the 5 cm minimum size declared by INPA (resolution 539, 2000). Permanent plots were set up and all piangua were collected using the traditional manual techniques. Morphometric measurements of gathered organisms were recorded. Subsequent samplings were performed at different times depending on the conservation strategy evaluated. A total of 10441 individuals of A. tuberculosa were collected, 61 % corresponding to Bazán and 39 % to Nerete. All conservation strategies assessed showed positive effects on the conservation and sustainable use of the resource, being closed periods of two months the one with better results (p= 0.027 for Bazán and p= 8.57E-06 for Nerete; Tukey: p< 0.05); in Bazán, this strategy was the only one showing positive results, while in Nerete the three strategies showed to be effective.
ESTRUCTURA Y REGENERACIÓN DEL BOSQUE DE MANGLAR DE LA CIÉNAGA DE CHOLÓN, ISLA BARÚ, PARQUE NACIONAL NATURAL CORALES
Authors: Valle Allan G. , Osorno Arango Adriana M. , Gil Agudelo Diego L.
Published: October 2017

Mangroves are trees or shrubs which represent a relevant link in the transmition between marine and land environments. With high importance at the biological and socio-economic level, mangroves constitute one of the strategic marine ecosystems of Colombia. Along the Caribbean coast of Colombia, mangrove forests are established around marshes or coastal lagoons; most of them have scarce scintific information which described these ecosystems at a qualitative level, but also which shows their biological processes and characteristics in a quantitative form. Given the importance of these ecosystems, the present work contributes to the direct and recent knowledge of the structure, distribution, abundance and regeneration capacity of the mangrove forest in Ciénaga de Cholón (Isla Barú, Bolívar province). Using surveys and in-situ observations, general height averages were calculated at 3.42 m, DAP at 4.94 cm and density of 21 trees 100 m-2, where seedlings was the dominant diametric category, followed by stem-wood; saplings constitued a smaller percentage. Mangrove species found were Rhizophora mangle and Avicennia germinans, with average heights of 3.45 and 2.93 m, and DAP of 4.45 and 3.29 cm respectively. Rhizophora mangle was the dominant species, being found in all the stations, while A. germinans was found only in two of the stations sampled, coinciding with particular soils requirements for the settlement and develoopment of each species. Regarding regeneration, a total of 117 R. mangle juvenile plants were evaluated in four stations, calculating a growth rate of 0.69 cm month-1 and a density average of 1.28 plants m-2. It is expected that the information obtained will allow for the evaluation of changes of this mangrove forest over time, contributing to guarantee the conservation and sustainable management of a valuable ecosystem and the National Natural Park Corales del Rosario y San Bernardo, sehre Cholón is located.
NUEVOS REGISTROS DE DIATOMEAS MARINAS FORMADORAS DE TUBOS EN EL CARIBE COLOMBIANO
Authors: Camacho Olga , Vidal Luis Alfonso
Published: October 2017

The marine mucilaginous tube-forming benthic diatoms Berkeleya hyalina (Round et Brooks) Cox and Parlibellus berkeleyi (Kütz.) Cox are reported for the fist time for the Caribbean coast of Colombian, in Santa Marta area. These two species were found infrequently growing as macroscopic colonies inhabiting shallow rocky substrata. The report of P. berkeleyi species is the fist for the Caribbean Sea.
DIFERENCIACIÓN MORFOLÓGICA DE LAS ESPECIES DE PIANGUA ANADARA TUBERCULOSA Y ANADARA SIMILIS (ARCIDAE) EN DIFERENTES BOSQUES DE MANGLAR A LO LARGO DE LA COSTA PACÍFICA COLOMBIANA MEDIANTE MORFOMETRÍA GEOMÉTRICA
Authors: Cano Otalvaro Jennee Lorena , Murrillo García Óscar Enrique , Cantera Kintz Jaime Ricardo , Gil Agudelo Diego Luis
Published: October 2017

The morphological characterization of two piangua species Anadara tuberculosa (Sowerby) and Anadara similis (Adams) was performed using geometric morphometric. Shells of both species were collected in nine different areas of the Colombian Pacific coast during 2009 as part of a project on the natural populations of piangua. The left valve of the shell was used to draw seven landmarks and evaluate the geometric configuration of the shell. Pianguas were grouped based on the mangrove cover of the localities where they were collected. Intra-specific comparison showed that areas where the organisms were collected do not affect valve configuration. Contrarily, centroide size showed significant variation in organism collected in different zones. Differences due to size are not sufficient to determine the existence of different populations, mainly because these differences may happen due to differences in fishery patterns increasing the ratio of smaller sizes. Pacific Ocean current might favor the genetic flux of organisms of both species, limiting the possibility of evolution of independent populations. It is important to complement this study with other investigations in genetics and larval dispersion in order to corroborate our findings.
HISTORIA NATURAL DE LA ESPONJA DISCODERMIA DISSOLUTA (PORIFERA: DEMOSPONGIAE: LITHISTIDA) EN SANTA MARTA, CARIBE COLOMBIANO
Authors: Ruiz César Augusto , Zea Sven
Published: October 2017

The marine sponge Discodermia dissoluta is a source of the polyketide discodermolide, a potent antitumoral agent that has reached clinical trials in humans. In Santa Marta, where this species occurs at shallower depths than in other Caribbean areas, for the first time it was possible to study by SCUBA its ecological characteristics, distribution and abundance. By searching the base of the reefs (12-25 m in depth) it was found that this species is restricted to sites or bays with relatively low wave-exposure, dwelling predominantly in hard, horizontal to inclined substrata, generally exposed to light. Censuses carried out in 4 m-radius circles in sectors where this sponge occurs showed moderate densities (about 2-5 ind/50 m2) that, although not very low, do not support its commercial exploitation to obtain discodermolide. By locating individuals in the sampling space and using the point pattern distribution functions F, G and K, it was determined that individuals of D. dissoluta are aggregated in patches at scales from decimeters to a few meters. This pattern possibly arises from short-distance larval dispersal or fragmentation, both common in sponges. Size of censused individuals was estimated as projected area from digital photos, and expressed in volume by a regression calculated from the real volume of 30 collected individuals. In the population, small individuals (<50 mL) predominate, while several very large ones (reaching 2000 mL) persist, indicating high mortality in small and medium sizes. This population is viable for individual marking and follow-up studies and application of in situ and biotechnological cultures techniques in order to develop sustainable methods for production and supply of discodermolide.
IDENTIFICACIÓN DE FUENTES TERRESTRES DE CONTAMINACIÓN Y CÁLCULO DE LAS CARGAS DE CONTAMINANTES EN EL ÁREA DE INFLUENCIA DE LA CIÉNAGA GRANDE DE SANTA MARTA, CARIBE COLOMBIANO
Authors: Vivas Aguas Lizbeth Janet , Espinosa Luisa Fernanda , Parra Henríquez Luis Gerardo
Published: October 2017

The Ciénaga Grande de Santa Marta (CGSM) is the largest coastal lagoon in the Colombian Caribbean. Declared Biosphere Reserve and Ramsar Site, it is a strategic ecosystem for the conservation of global biodiversity. However, it is also considered an environmentally disturbed area due to natural and anthropogenic threats which increase pollution and affect the ecosystem’s environmental quality. With the purpose of having information that contributes to the assessment and management of environmental pollution of the CGSM, land-based sources pollutions of the lagoon complex were evaluated in the period between 1997 and 2006; pollutant loads carried by the Magdalena river and tributaries flowing down from the Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta were calculated as well using the methodology proposed by UNEP’s Caribbean Environment Programme and historical water quality monitoring data of the area. Loads were also calculated for domestic, microbiological and solid waste produced by the population of the study area. Results indicate that water resources are most affected by the pollution load from domestic, agricultural, and industrial waste which are carried by the tributaries and runoff. These sources induce organic pollution that reaches the CGSM in terms of solids, nitrogen, phosphorus, and fecal microorganisms, which generate risks to human health, and the aquatic flora and fauna. The identification of sources and pollutant loads serve as technical support to implement management measures that improve environmental conditions and to the life quality for residents in the CGSM.