bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Segurança e Saúde no Trabalho (SST) no Serviço Público Federal: do Sistema Integrado de Saúde Ocupacional do Servidor Público Federal (SISOSP) ao Subsistema Integrado de Atenção à Saúde dos Servidores (SIASS)
Authors: Santos Maykon Donizete dos , Fürst Cristiane Vieira dos Santos , Fernandes Denise , Fuhr Josiane de Oliveria Medeiros , Selzler Ana Caroline
Published: January 2025

Este artigo aborda a evolução das políticas de Segurança e Saúde no Trabalho (SST) no serviço público federal. A Consolidação das Leis do Trabalho (CLT) regulamenta SST para trabalhadores celetistas, seguindo as Normas Regulamentadoras (NRs). Em contraste, os servidores públicos federais estatutários, regidos pela Lei 8.112/1990, não possuem regulamentação tão específica sobre SST. Através de uma pesquisa documental e bibliográfica, este estudo aborda a criação do Sistema Integrado de Saúde Ocupacional do Servidor Público Federal (SISOSP) e na implementação da Política de Atenção à Saúde e Segurança do Servidor Público Federal (PASS), juntamente com o Subsistema Integrado de Atenção à Saúde do Servidor Público Federal (SIASS), criados em resposta às necessidades de regulamentação. O aumento de doenças, afastamentos e aposentadorias por invalidez destacou a urgência de uma política de SST específica para o serviço público federal. Em 2006, o SISOSP foi instituído para coordenar ações de saúde ocupacional, mas sua limitação e falta de integração levaram à revogação do decreto em 2009. Assim o SIASS foi criado para superar essas lacunas. Nossas análises apontam que a implementação do SIASS indica a viabilidade da utilização de normas celetistas (NRs), conforme indica o artigo 12 da portaria 03 de 2010. Concluímos que, apesar dos avanços na SST no serviço público federal, ainda persistem desafios na implementação e a necessidade de melhorias nas diretrizes.. Esse estudo faz parte de uma pesquisa em andamento do programa de mestrado Profissional em Educação Profissional e Tecnológica (EPT), do Instituto Federal Catarinense da cidade de Blumenau, SC.
Database Query and Reasoning
Authors:   Presidency University, bangalore, Y Gowtham Naidu
Published: January 2025

The rapid evolution of data-driven decision-making has highlighted the need for systems capable of seamlessly bridging the gap between natural human language and structured query languages like SQL. Traditional database systems often demand a technical understanding of SQL syntax and database schemas, creating significant barriers for non-technical users. To address this challenge, the "Database Query and Reasoning" project introduces an intelligent system designed to interpret natural language inputs, convert them into accurate SQL queries, and deliver both query results and explanatory reasoning for the outputs. This approach empowers users, regardless of technical expertise, to interact with complex databases effectively and derive actionable insights.

Keywords: Natural Language Processing (NLP),AI Model Integration, CSV-to-Database Conversion, Reasoning Module,Query Result Visualization
Evaluation of Dithane Z-78 against Taphrina Maculans Butler Causing Leaf Spot of Turmeric.
Authors:   Dayanand Science College,Latur,Maharashtra, K.Gurme Manisha
Published: January 2025

In the present study,an attempt has been made to study the antifungal efficacy evaluation of Dithane Z-78 against the pathogen Taphrina maculans Butler causing leaf spot of turmeric by food poisoned technique.The linear growth of fungal mycelium was measured daily and the results were expressed in terms of Percent control efficacy(PCE) up to 8 days of incubation for Taphrina  maculans Butler.Different concentrations of Dithane Z-78 show variable effect on the linear growth of Taphrina maculans Butler.It was found that the mimimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) was found at 500ug/ml and PCE was 92.00 on 8thday of incubation.

Keywords:Taphrina maculans,Dithane Z-78
SOLAR TRACKING SYSTEM USING ARDUINO
Authors:   Department of Electronics & Communication Engineering   Institute of Aeronautical Engineering, Hyderabad, Telangana, India, Hymavathi P.
Published: January 2025

This research focuses on the development of a solar tracking system using an Arduino microcontroller to optimize the energy efficiency of photovoltaic solar panels. The conventional fixed solar panel setup often leads to suboptimal energy capture as the panel’s orientation remains static, resulting in reduced efficiency due to the sun’s changing position throughout the day. To address this, the proposed system employs a dual-axis solar tracker mechanism that automatically adjusts the solar panel's orientation to align with the sun's trajectory, maximizing solar energy absorption.

The system utilizes Light Dependent Resistors (LDRs) placed on either side of the solar panel to detect variations in light intensity. Based on the sensor readings, the Arduino microcontroller processes the information and drives servo motors to move the panel in real time, ensuring it faces the sun. The servo motors allow for precise angular adjustments, enabling both horizontal and vertical movement to track the sun across the sky.

The Arduino-based control system is simple, cost-effective, and easily programmable, offering an accessible solution for enhancing solar power efficiency. A comparative analysis between the solar tracker and a fixed-panel setup shows that the tracking system significantly improves energy capture by maintaining optimal sunlight exposure throughout the day.

The paper also discusses the challenges involved in system calibration, the reliability of sensor data, and the mechanical aspects of the tracking mechanism. Results demonstrate that the solar tracking system can increase energy output by up to 30% compared to static panels. The findings indicate that the proposed low-cost solar tracking system holds significant potential for large-scale solar applications, contributing to the increased adoption of renewable energy solutions and enhancing the overall performance of solar power systems.

Experimental evaluations were conducted to compare the energy output of the solar tracker against a fixed-panel setup. The results indicate a significant improvement in energy generation with the tracking system. The solar tracker’s ability to follow the sun maximizes light absorption and increases the efficiency of the photovoltaic panel by up to 30% compared to a fixed panel. The system demonstrates notable advantages, including higher energy yields, better adaptability to changing weather conditions, and the ability to capture sunlight at different times of the day.

Key Words: Solar Tracker, Light Detecting Resistor (LDR), Arduino, Servo Motor
A Comprehensive Review of Deep Learning Techniques for Image Forgery Detection
Authors:   Faculty of Computing ,Guru Kashi University, Singh Amrik
Published: January 2025

The rapid growth of multimedia content and advanced editing tools has led to widespread manipulation of digital images. While image editing serves artistic and legitimate purposes, it also presents significant risks, including misinformation, fraud and cybercrimes. As a result, image forgery detection has become a critical research area aimed at preserving the authenticity and reliability of visual content, especially in fields like journalism, law enforcement and digital forensics. Image forgery techniques have evolved from basic manipulations, such as splicing and copy-move, to more advanced methods like deepfakes, which use deep learning to generate hyper-realistic altered visuals. These challenges demand the development of sophisticated detection methods capable of adapting to these advanced forgeries.
Teleconsultations in Primary Healthcare Centres During COVID-19 Pandemic and Its Aftermath
Authors: Alubaidi Basem A. , AlShamma Ruqaya M. , Abdulla Sarah A. , Mubarak Jumana J , AlHallay Maryam S. , AlMahroos Omaima H. , Saleh Afif Bin , Shubbar Khatoon , Rahman M. Hafizur
Published: January 2025

BACKGROUND & OBJECTIVES: Teleconsultation (TC), accounting for approximately 25% of medical consultations, is becoming increasingly pivotal in healthcare delivery. Despite its growing importance, current medical training programs often insufficiently address telecommunication skills. This study aims to augment the knowledge and proficiency of primary care physicians in TC through specialized training at Primary Healthcare Centres (PHCs) in Bahrain.

METHODS: A cross-sectional study was employed to assess knowledge, practice, and training needs for TC among PHC physicians in Bahrain. Using total population sampling, data was collected via online Google survey questionnaires. The Teleconsultation Practices, Knowledge, and Training Needs Questionnaire (TPKTNQ) ensured reliability and validity, with statistical analysis performed using SPSS. Ethical approval was obtained, ensuring confidentiality and voluntary participation.

RESULTS: An analysis of 185 responses from 257 distributed online questionnaires resulted in a 71.9% response rate, with 85.3% female respondents. The survey revealed that 74.9% of physicians had fair to high knowledge of TC, 89.7% practiced it, but 69% lacked formal training. Despite this, 96.7% were willing to receive updated training. Significant associations were found between TC training and practice satisfaction, knowledge levels, and further training needs, highlighting the necessity for comprehensive TC training among PHC physicians in Bahrain.

IMPLICATIONS: Addressing the training gaps in TC can substantially enhance the effectiveness of telehealth services, thereby improving healthcare delivery and patient outcomes in Bahrain. Enhanced training programs can elevate care quality, optimize workload management, and increase physicians’ satisfaction, which is crucial for the retention of healthcare professionals.

CONCLUSION: A significant deficiency exists in TC training among PHC physicians in Bahrain. The overwhelming willingness of physicians to engage in future training workshops underscores the readiness for adaptating TC practices. It is recommended that comprehensive training programs be implemented to bolster TC services in PHCs, thereby advancing the overall quality of patient care.
Citizen Science and Sea Turtles: Using iNaturalist as a Tool to Study Chelonian Conservation Biology
Authors: Unger Shem D.
Published: January 2025

Sea turtles are among the most threatened group of marine animals, with all species at risk for an assortment of anthropogenic factors including pollution, over-fishing bycatch, and climate change. As the threats to these large aquatic reptiles continue to increase, populations may be facing declines in many areas of their native home ranges. Therefore, new techniques that allow for population monitoring alongside more traditional methods are needed to increase our understanding of these ocean-dwelling vertebrates. Due to their unique biology, sea turtles are often readily observed in near-shore waters and on beach habitats. I assessed the presence and general demography of sea turtles within the USA on the citizen science platform, iNaturalist and report on major findings related to mortalities, age classes, and states where observations are concentrated. iNaturalist observations in this publication represent 8,089 green, 1,171 loggerhead, 312 kemp’s ridley, 129 leatherback, 128 hawksbill, and 17 olive ridley sea turtles. Observations consisted primarily of adult age classes (85.9%), with moralities representing only 10.2%, and the majority of images showing beach habitat (55%) versus open water (44.8%). The number of observations increased annually indicating the potential for this citizen science application to provide valuable population trend data for conservation managers and future study of their nesting and behavioral biology worldwide.
Adaptation of the Military Organisation – An Essential Condition for Obtaining Success on the Battlefield
Authors:   Command and Staff Faculty, “Carol I” National Defence University, Bucharest, NISTORESCU Claudiu Valer
Published: January 2025

One of the most significant challenges that military organisations must overcome is the ability to adapt during a conflict, regardless of its scale and intensity. This complex phenomenon begins and unfolds continuously from the period of peacetime, intensifying in wartime in order to recalibrate the possibilities of the military entity to the new requirements of the battlefield. It is frequently misunderstood and inadequately researched, which has resulted in a series of adverse consequences for the actions of the armed forces. Furthermore, the absence or inadequacy of adaptation has, on numerous occasions, led to the failure of armed forces in combat, ultimately resulting in the loss of the war. In this context, the objective of this approach is to ascertain the components of the military organisation’s adaptation process, its levels of achievement and the factors that contribute to its success or failure. In order to achieve the proposed objectives, a comprehensive documentary analysis has been conducted, enabling the identification of the underlying foundations of the adaptation process. Taking into account the latter, the analysis of various military conflicts from the perspective of the adaptation process has facilitated the achievement of the research results. These results, in the author’s opinion, represent a topic of interest for military leadership, particularly given that the topic addressed is not sufficiently treated by the existing literature.
Response of Sunflower to B5A (foliar fertilizer) at Gezira, Rahad and New Halfa, Sudan
Authors:   Agricultural Research Corporation, New Halfa, Sudan., Abdelgadir Eltayeb M. , Hamid Faiza M. ,   Agricultural Research Corporation, Rahad, Sudan., Osman Arafa A. M. ,   Agricultural Research Corporation, Wad Medani, Sudan., Salih Mohamed A. ,   Agricultural Research Corporation, Wad Medani, Sudan.
Published: January 2025

A field experiment was conducted in season 2018/2019 across the Agricultural Research Corporation (ARC) at three experimental sites: Gezira, New Halfa and Rahad to investigate the effect of B5A liquid on the yield and yield components of sunflower. Seven treatments were adopted: 1 – Control or check (Zero fertilizer), 2 – Application of the recommended fertilizer dozes (RFD) of 2N1P, 3 - RFD + soil application of the liquid fertilizer (SB5A) which equivalent to 2 liter of B5A/200 liter water/ha, 4 - RFD + 1B5A (foliar), which equivalent to 6 liters of B5A/200 liter water/ha as spited three times (2 liter each) at 2nd , 4th and 6th irrigation, 5 - RFD + 2B5A (foliar), which equivalent to 12 liters of B5A/200 liter water/ha as spited three times (4 liters each) at 2nd , 4th and 6th irrigation (foliar), 6 - RFD + SB5A + 1B5A (foliar) and 7 - RFD + SB5A + 2B5A (foliar). The treatments were arranged in RCBD with four replications. Application of B5A has significantly increased the seed yield at the three sites. The highest seed yield was obtained with the application of RFD + SB5A + 2B5A (foliar) which was 1744 kg/ha followed by the application of RFD +1B5A foliar (1741 kg/ha) at Gezira site. At both Rahad and New Halfa the highest seed yield obtained by addition of RFD + SB5A + 1B5A foliar (1750 kg/ha and 2877, respectively).
Penggunaan Media Visual Papan Jaring-Jaring untuk Meningkatkan Hasil Belajar Bangun Ruang Siswa Kelas 2
Authors: Febianti Priya , A'lim Muhammad Birrul , Aini Nuril , Wahyudi Achmad
Published: January 2025

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan hasil belajar peserta didik kelas 2 SDN Rangkah Kidul Sidoarjo pada materi bangun ruang dengan bantuan media visual papan jaring-jaring. Subjek peneliti ini adalah 18 peserta didik kelas 2 SDN Rangkah Kidul Sidoarjo. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian tindakan kelas. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa dengan bantuan media visual papan jaring-jaring.hasil belajar peserta didik mengalami peningkatan. Pada siklus I ketuntasan klasikal peserta didik masih belum maksimal, hanya mencapai 33%, kemudian meningkat pada siklus II yaitu 78%. Penggunaan media visual papan jaring-jaring efektif meningkatkan hasil belajar bangun ruang pada siswa kelas 2 SDN Rangkah Kidul Sidoarjo, dengan pengalaman visual yang menarik dan interaktif, memudahkan pemahaman konsep bangun ruang. Rekomendasi dari penelitian ini adalah agar pendidik mempertimbangkan penggunaan media visual papan jaring-jaring sebagai salah satu strategi pembelajaran yang efektif dalam mengajar materi bangun ruang.
This study aims to improve the learning outcomes of grade 2 students of SDN Rangkah Kidul Sidoarjo on spatial geometry material with the help of visual media of net boards. The subjects of this study were 18 grade 2 students of SDN Rangkah Kidul Sidoarjo. This study used a classroom action research method. The results of the study showed that with the help of visual media of net boards, students' learning outcomes increased. In cycle I, the classical completeness of students was still not optimal, only reaching 33%, then increasing in cycle II, namely 78%. The use of visual media of net boards effectively improved the learning outcomes of spatial geometry in grade 2 students of SDN Rangkah Kidul Sidoarjo, with an interesting and interactive visual experience, facilitating the understanding of spatial geometry concepts. The recommendation from this study is for educators to consider the use of visual media of net boards as one of the effective learning strategies in teaching spatial geometry material.
Pengembangan Media Pembelajaran Lingkungan Bersih Berbasis Android untuk Kelas 1 Pada Tema 6
Authors: Hamdan Achmad Rofi , Murni Arie Widya
Published: January 2025

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengembangkan media pembelajaran lingkungan bersih berbasis Android pada tema 6 untuk kelas 1 Sekolah Dasar. Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian dan pengembangan. Obyek penelitian ini adalah mengembangkan media pembelajaran lingkungan bersih berbasis Android. Teknik pengumpulan data pada penelitian ini yaitu wawancara dan angket validasi. Peneliti menggunakan tahapan-tahapan penelitian pengembangan menurut model pengembangan ADDIE (Analyze, Design, Development, Implementation, Evaluation). Hasil validasi menunjukkan bahwa ahli materi memberikan nilai rata-rata 84% dan ahli media memberikan nilai rata-rata 85,7%, keduanya termasuk kategori "sangat layak". Media yang digunakan sudah sesuai dengan Kompetensi Inti, Kompetensi Dasar, dan indikator. Selain itu, siswa merasa nyaman dengan pembelajaran berbasis teknologi informasi dan lebih fokus serta kritis berkat adanya kuis dalam aplikasi belajar
This study aims to develop Android-based clean environment learning media on theme 6 for grade 1 of Elementary School. This type of research is research and development. The object of this research is to develop an Android-based clean environment learning media. Data collection techniques in this study were interviews and validation questionnaires. Researchers used the stages of development research according to the ADDIE development model (Analyze, Design, Development, Implementation, Evaluation). The validation results showed that material experts gave an average value of 84% and media experts gave an average value of 85.7%, both of which were included in the "very feasible" category. The media used were Core Competencies, Basic Competencies, and indicators. In addition, students felt comfortable with information technology-based learning and were more focused and critical thanks to the quizzes in the learning application.
The Effectiveness of Presentation Practice Production (PPP) Model in Teaching Speaking to 8th Graders
Authors: Shofiroh Nadziyah , Noviyanti Masyitah
Published: January 2025

This study uses a descriptive qualitative method, using observation and interview instruments. The results of the data analysis show that the implementation of the Presentation, Practice, Production (PPP) model has three stages. Each phase has different roles, activities, and models, in the presentation phase, the teacher introduces new language to students, done by using pictures or reading text. In the practice phase, students practice the new language in the control language. In the production phase, students are encouraged to use the new language in a freer way with communication tasks or creating paragraphs. The use of recount texts in learning is very useful, especially for training students' speaking skills. Although some students have difficulty in pronunciation, the Presentation, Practice, Production (PPP) model helps them be motivated to speak with teacher guidance, so that they can speak English better gradually.
Penelitian ini menggunakan metode deskriptif kualitatif dengan menggunakan instrumen observasi dan wawancara. Hasil dari analisis data menunjukkan bahwa implementasi model Presentation, Practice, Production (PPP) ada tiga tahap. Setiap fase memiliki peran, aktivitas, dan model yang berbeda, dalam fase presentasi, guru memperkenalkan bahasa baru kepada siswa, dilakukan dengan menggunakan gambar atau membaca teks. Pada fase latihan, siswa mempraktikkan bahasa baru dalam bahasa kontrol. Pada tahap produksi, siswa didorong untuk menggunakan bahasa baru dengan cara yang lebih bebas dilakukan dengan tugas komunikasi atau membuat paragraf. Penggunaan teks recount dalam pembelajaran sangat bermanfaat, terutama untuk melatih kemampuan berbicara siswa. Meskipun beberapa siswa kesulitan dalam pengucapan, model Presentation, Practice, Production (PPP) membantu mereka termotivasi berbicara dengan bimbingan guru, sehingga mereka dapat berbicara bahasa Inggris dengan lebih baik secara bertahap.
EMPOWERING BANKING THROUGH AI: ANALYZING CUSTOMER PERSPECTIVES AND ADOPTION DRIVERS IN INDIA
Authors: Roongta Jayshree , Roongta Jaivardhan
Published: January 2025

Background: The future of an economy is largely dependent on the functioning of its banking sector. Artificial Intelligence (AI) has turned up as a dynamic force exerting a significant influence over the banking industry functions. This research looks at the role of AI in banking from a customer perspective. Methods: Primary sources of data collection were used and data was gathered from 250 respondents using a well-structured questionnaire. Analysis was conducted deploying various statistical techniques like descriptive statistics and inferential statistics including correlation analysis, regression analysis and ANOVA. The study proposes a framework to measure the intention to adopt AI in Indian banking system and the factors influencing the adoption decisions. Results: The findings show that intention to adopt AI in banking is influenced by awareness, attitude towards AI, subjective norms, perceived risk, perceived usefulness, and knowledge of AI technology. It yields a positive perception and intention towards AI adoption with perceived usefulness and perceived risk having strong correlation with adoption intention. Recommendations are given to accelerate AI in banking by investing in AI integration, customer trust building and tailored marketing strategies. Concludingly, embracing AI can drive banking innovation, deliver better services, build deeper customer relationships and be competitive in the market.
THE CURRENT PROBLEMS OF GERMANIC PHILOLOGY
IN THE 21st CENTURY
(A Panel Discussion Commemorating
the 100th Birth Anniversary of Irina Alexandrovna Yershova)
Authors: Chekalina Elena
Published: January 2025

: The publication contains a survey of the reports presented at the
panel held in commemoration of the 100th birth anniversary of the well known
Germanist I.A. Yershova, who taught at the Department of Germanic Philology since
1951. Among the panel were professors, teachers and postgraduate students of the
Department of Germanic and Celtic Philology, as well as scholars from the Donetsk
State University (L.N. Yagupova), the Samara National Research University (S.I. Dubinin) and the Institute of Linguistics of the Russian Academy of Sciences (N.S. Babenko, A.Y. Mankov). The memorial part was dedicated to I.A. Yershova’s pedagogical and academic achievements, and the Gothic seminar for postgraduate
students that was lead by her. A number of reports were devoted to the problems of
historical lexicology of Germanic languages. The comparison of Jan van Ruysbroek’s
treatises written in Middle Dutch with their translations into Middle High German
allowed to establish the reasons for choosing a synonym for the verb “stream” which
was etymologically different from the original. Evidence was produced for the grammatical marking of the “original speaker’s” utterance by the use of the synthetic form
of subjunctive I in modern literary German, particularly in the journalistic genre
and the mass media. Corpus material was used to analyze the use and compatibility of the Middle High German lexeme gebët(e) in religious texts. The changes in the
meaning of the Middle High German adjective heimlîch and its derivatives were
shown on Middle and early New High German texts of Tristan tradition. Analysis
was made of the equivalents for the Old Norse nouns describing landscapes in the
translation of the Eddaic song “Skirnir’s Journey” into modern Scandinavian languages. Examined were Old Norse names for unusual animals, also used for naming “a walrus” and “a hippopotamus”. A survey of unpublished archive sources on the
Swedish dialects of Estonia of the first half of the 20th century was presented. Examined were some of the development tendencies of the modern Scandinavian
languages. Danish modal particles were analyzed in imperative speech acts as used
in Danish translations from Russian. The phonomorphological potential of the final
-s in Swedish was scrutinized; the influence of extralinguistic factors on the formation of new words in the Swedish language of the early 21st century was examined;
the use of compounds in formal Swedish and the ways of translating them into
Russian were demonstrated; the changes in the system of Danish pronouns, connected with the loss of coordination, were revealed.
CHEKHOV CONTINUES…
Authors: Kataev Vladimir
Published: January 2025

Chekhovian studies at the Department of the History of Russian Literature has been defined as an independent research direction since the second half
of the 1960s. At that time, an academic edition of Chekhov’s complete works and
letters was being prepared, and a group of graduates and staff of the Department
took an active part in this. The connection between academic research and university teaching has been strengthened; by now, the Department has established an internationally recognized school of Chekhovian studies. The cancelling of Russian
culture that has unfolded in recent years in Western countries cannot prevent
the deeply rooted and diverse presence of Chekhov’s legacy in modern world culture.
DESEMPENHO DE COMBINAÇÕES VARIETAIS DE MILHOS CRIOULOS PROSPECTADOS NO NORTE E JEQUITINHONHA DE MINAS GERAIS, BRASIL
Authors: Sanglard Demerson Arruda , Silveira Ana Carolina Ataide , Magalhães Marcelo Mota , Santana Gustavo Henrique Cecilio , Santos Marcelo Augusto Vieira , Albuquerque Carlos Juliano Brant , Silva Gleidson Alves , Oliveira Gleidson Alves Silva Leandro Silva de , Nunes Claudinéia Ferreira , Fonseca Maria Betânia
Published: January 2025

O estudo abordou a implementação de um programa-piloto de melhoramento participativo do milho crioulo em mesorregiões de Minas Gerais. Prospecções em associações rurais permitiram a coleta de sementes tradicionais, considerando a divergência molecular superior a 20% para hibridações. O experimento, conduzido no inverno de 2022 na UFMG (Montes Claros), avaliou 18 combinações varietais S4 e três híbridos comerciais (testemunhas) em delineamento de blocos casualizados. O manejo incluiu adubação e irrigação, com produtividade expressa em kg.ha⁻¹. A análise de variância revelou diferenças significativas entre os tratamentos (combinações varietais S4 e testemunhas), que apresentaram médias de produtividade de 3.413,84 kg.ha⁻¹ e 5.056,03 kg.ha⁻¹, respectivamente. Foram também aferidas correlações entre caracteres como estande final, espigas com e sem grãos, alturas de plantas, alturas de espigas e produtividades de grãos. As análises de correlação demonstraram que altura de planta, altura de espiga e a relação altura de espiga sobre altura de planta possuem associações positivas com a produtividade de grãos, destacando-se como atributos importantes para seleção. Além disso, as combinações varietais S4 que apresentaram maiores relações entre alturas de espigas sobre alturas de plantas e, simultaneamente, maiores alturas de plantas; também exibiram maiores eficiências nos enchimentos de grãos. As produtividades das combinações vareietais S4 variaram de 2.622,90 e 4.040,16 kg.ha⁻¹, mostrando o potencial adaptativo das variedades crioulas, especialmente em sistemas agrícolas de subsistência. A utilização de marcadores moleculares previamente aos ensaios conduzidos nesta pesquisa destacou a importância de identificar genitores com alta divergência genética, promovendo a variabilidade e potencializando o vigor híbrido.
Positive Education : The Axiom of Contemporary Upbringing and Education
Authors: Hanuliaková Jana , Porubčanová Dáša
Published: January 2025

The integration of positive psychology into the educational process marks a significant shift in the approach of educators, emphasizing the development of students' best qualities. This approach focuses on fostering mental health in students of all ages by highlighting positive aspects of human life. Positive psychology, which has notably developed in the 21st century, encourages exploring the connections between its principles and education. Key themes include well-being, happiness, empathy, and optimism, which should be incorporated into teaching practices. The discipline does not ignore life's challenges but instead emphasizes the optimization of student and educational community functioning. Martin Seligman, a pioneer of positive psychology, advocates for a shift from focusing on negatives to enhancing life's positives, using existing psychological tools. Positive education prioritizes a supportive climate that fosters positive relationships and problem-solving skills among students. The book explores theoretical and practical aspects of integrating positive psychology into education, aiming to address societal needs. It presents positive education as a means to prepare students for future challenges through enhanced cognitive and emotional development.
A Region-Based Convolutional Neural Network Model for Quantitative Analysis of Carbohydrate Content in Foods
Authors: Oralhan Zeki , Hakkomaz Hüseyin
Published: January 2025

Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus (T1DM) is a globally prevalent autoimmune disease, increasing in incidence annually. The condition necessitates continuous monitoring and meticulous record-keeping of dietary intake, with a strong emphasis on accurate carbohydrate counting. Recent advancements in computer vision have facilitated the estimation of nutritional content and values of meals, enabling calculations through both 2D and 3D image analyses. Significant progress in artificial neural networks has further enhanced the accuracy and efficiency of food recognition and volume estimation. In this study, we propose a system that estimates the carbohydrate content of meals by analyzing their diameters as input. The system demonstrated an average error rate of approximately 7%, with individual error rates ranging from 1% to 15%. While these variations are influenced by the presentation style of the food, the system’s ability to achieve high accuracy from a single image highlights its effectiveness. Moreover, the system is adaptable for 3D volume estimation using multi-angle images, making it suitable for further development. With the integration of additional food categories and an expanded training dataset, the proposed system holds significant potential for practical application in dietary management and nutritional monitoring.
Deep Neck Infections. Review of 111 cases
Authors: Isankova Oksana , Safronovs Jegors , Berke Kristine , Taurmane Laura
Published: January 2025

Introduction: Deep neck infections (DNI) are potentially life-threatening conditions. The infections are commonly polymicrobial, and develop as a result of oral cavity infections, tonsilitis, laryngitis, trauma, or malignancy. Timely diagnostics and management are essential to prevent severe complications such as airway obstruction, sepsis or mediastinitis. Our study highlights the clinical characteristics of DNI etiology, complications, and treatment outcomes.Aim: This study aimed to provide a structured overview of a cohort of 111 patients with deep neck infection, comprising patient characteristics, etiology, clinical imaging, and complications along with the prognosis according to the used therapeutic strategy.Methods: This is a retrospective analysis of 111 patients who were hospitalized with DNI. We evaluated the demographics, clinical presentation, microbiological findings, and treatment outcomes. Statistical analyses including Pearson’s chi-square, Mann-Whitney U test, independent-samples Kruskal-Wallis test and binary logistic regression were used to asses our data.Results: There was a predominance of male patients (62.2%) in our cohort. We found an increased DNI incidence over life in the middle-to-older age groups. The median patient age was 53 for male patients and 55 for female patients. The median hospital stay in our study was 10 days. Odontogenic infections were the leading etiology (37.8%), followed by complications of tonsillitis (23.4%) and phlegmonous laryngitis (12.6%). As many as 38.7% of patients had the following complications: airway obstruction in 25.2%, mediastinitis 10.8%, and sepsis 5.4%. The most commonly used antibiotics were ceftriaxone + metronidazole (28.8%) and amoxiclav (13.5%). The most common bacterium found in swab cultures was Streptococcus constellatus, and complications were more common in patients with a positive culture for Acinetobacter baumannii. Antibacterial resistance was found in 28.8% of the specimens. There was a significant association between antibiotic resistance and complication rates (P<0.05).
Targeted Cellular Tracking of Pancreatic Cancer Cells via Magnetic Particle Spectroscopy (MPS)
Authors: Dinari Ali , Ashfaq Ahmad Hafiz , Bùi Minh Phú , Oh Seungjun , Kim Yun-Hee , Kim Dae-Hong , Yoon Jungwon
Published: January 2025

Objective: Pancreatic cancer is an asymptomatic disease and, based on statistical studies, it is the fourth leading cause of cancer-related death. Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC), which accounts for over 95% of pancreatic cancers, is typically detectable at advanced stages. Standard diagnostic methods include bloodbased tests and imaging. Standard diagnostic methods include blood-based tests and imaging. Biomarkers play a key role as indicators in blood tests, offering valuable insights into disease detection and monitoring. Mesothelin, a cell-surface glycoprotein, and vimentin, an intermediate filament protein, are promising biomarker candidates.
Methods: In this study, these biomarkers were conjugated with magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) and utilized for cellular tracking through magnetic particle spectroscopy (MPS). Capan-1 (a pancreatic cancer cell line) and bone marrow stem cells (BMSC) were treated with the targeted MNPs. Subsequently, MNP-labelled cells were evaluated with imaging modalities such as MPS and confocal microscopy.
Results: In the case of the MPS modality, a home-made MPS device with a detection limit of 1 ng of MNPs was used. The results showed that MPS can quantitatively trace MNPs signals and differentiate between various treatments.
Conclusions: Detection of labelled cells via MPS is a novel method with features such as sensitivity, non-invasiveness, and no background noise. This new technology can pave the way for imaging quantification of pancreatic cancer in its primary stages and for tracking cancer cell populations. populations.
Vagus nerve paragangliomas
Authors: Borowy Aleksandra , Suchcicka Wiktoria , Bruzgielewicz Antoni , Niemczyk Kazimierz
Published: January 2025

Introduction: Vagus nerve paragangliomas are slow-progressing tumors. Histopathologically, however, they are classified as malignancies. Vagus nerve paragangliomas are rare tumors accounting for 3–25 of all paragangliomas within the head and neck region and about 0.5% of all tumors of this type.Aim: Presentation of the clinical picture, diagnostic management and treatment strategies of vagus nerve paragangliomas.Materials and methods: The study presents a retrospective analysis of the clinical presentation, diagnosis, treatment and postoperative course of 11 patients treated for vagus nerve paraganglioma at the Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery at the Medical University of Warsaw between 2011 and 2020. The study sample included 7 female and 4 male patients aged 36 to 72 years.Results: The predominant symptom as observed in the study group was a neck mass. Foreign body sensation in the throat and dysphagia were also common. Preoperative diagnosis is based mainly on imaging studies due to the characteristic radiological features of vagus nerve paragangliomas and their location relative to neighboring anatomical structures. Surgical treatment was pursued in 10 patients. Three different surgical access routes, namely the cervico-parotid, cervical, and cervico-infratemporal access, were followed depending on the location of the tumor. Vagus nerve injuries occurred during tumor excision surgeries in 7 cases. Injuries to cranial nerves IX and XII occurred in 7 patients. Injuries to cranial nerves XI and VII occurred in 1 case each. As a part of the treatment for postoperative complications, 3 patients with vagus nerve paralysis underwent fat augmentation of the affected vocal fold. Reinnervation involving ansa cervicalis was performed in two patients. One patient with vocal fold paralysis, dysphagia, and tongue deviation was subjected to type I thyroplasty.Conclusions: Among the available options for the management of vagus nerve paragangliomas, surgical methods seem to provide the most effective solutions due to the wide range of access techniques and adaptability to individual cases. Due to the slow growth, a “wait and scan” approach can be applied. Surgical interventions, as a treatment of choice, are associated with damage to the vagus nerve necessitating either swallowing rehabilitation or reconstructive procedures within the larynx and pharynx.
From traditional to immersive: The impact of 3D technologies on medical student learning
Authors: Walecki Piotr , Dąbrowa Julianna , Więcławek Paulina , Gogól Klaudia , Proniewska Klaudia
Published: January 2025

Introduction: Three-dimensional (3D) technologies, including virtual reality (VR), augmented reality (AR), and mixed reality (MR), are transforming medical education by providing immersive learning experiences that may enhance spatial understanding, knowledge retention and practical skills. Despite promising benefits, these technologies also present unique challenges, including potential physical and mental health impacts, which remain underexplored.
 Objective: This study aimed to evaluate and compare VR, AR, MR and traditional teaching methods in medical education. The objectives were to assess each method’s effectiveness in enhancing student engagement and comprehension, identify associated health challenges and determine the potential of 3D technologies as complements or alternatives to traditional educational methods.
Methods: Eighty-four medical students participated in a structured 20-hour course, interacting sequentially with VR, AR, MR and traditional teaching modalities. Students’ experiences were documented through post-course evaluations, which assessed aspects such as immersion, engagement and health-related impacts.
Results: The study revealed that VR, AR and MR offered significant advantages over traditional methods in areas such as spatial understanding (VR, 64.29%; AR/MR; 67.86%) and visualization of 3D anatomical structures (VR, 57.14%; AR/MR, 69.05%). However, VR was associated with a high prevalence of health issues, including cybersickness (71.43%) and spatial disorientation (75.00%), highlighting the physical and psychological challenges of full immersion. AR/MR presented fewer adverse effects, though eye strain (63.10%) and sensory overload (50.00%) remained concerns. Traditional methods were generally safer but less effective in promoting interactive engagement and spatial comprehension.
Conclusions: 3D technologies provide valuable enhancements to medical education but require careful integration alongside traditional methods to mitigate health-related challenges. VR, AR and MR are best suited as complementary tools rather than direct replacements, supporting a hybrid educational model that maximizes learning outcomes while managing the physical and psychological impacts associated with immersive technologies. Further research on standardized implementation practices is needed to optimize these tools for broader educational use.
Análisis sociológico de las personas dedicadas al comercio informal en el cantón Huaquillas, año 2024
Authors: Rentería-Torres Livia Alexandra , Castillo-Ortega Yonimiler
Published: January 2025

La presente investigación tiene como objetivo determinar las características sociológicas de las personas dedicadas a la actividad del comercio informal en el cantón Huaquillas. Se utilizó como base, la teoría sociológica del estructural - funcionalismo de la escuela de Harvard, la cual permitió analizar, describir y explicar la actividad de la informalidad y caracterizar los rasgos de los sujetos que se dedican al comercio informal. El tipo de investigación que se utilizó en el estudio es de naturaleza mixta. El método utilizado es el deductivo – inductivo, de igual manera, se usó el enfoque analítico – sintético y la técnica empleada para el levantamiento de información fue el cuestionario con la utilización de preguntas etnográficas. Se obtuvo como resultados la identificación del perfil sociológico de los comerciantes informales, en donde la mayoría que se dedica a esta actividad son hombres, el nivel de instrucción mayoritario es el básico, y además existe una separación marcada entre las costumbres de alimentación con la identidad de origen; en la caracterización socioeconómica de los mismos, se concluyó que existe una correlación significativa entre el tipo de actividad y la contribución extraordinaria, siendo ambas variables dependientes. Finalmente, mediante la clusterización, se identificaron dos grupos de comerciantes informales tanto en perfil sociológico como en caracterización socioeconómica: comerciantes mesurados de Huaquillas y migrantes jóvenes con poca disposición de formalizar su situación laboral.
Efficacy of oral semaglutide on cardiovascular risk in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: A real-life study
Authors: Nicolì Francesca , Ongis Giulia , Villari Provvidenza , Meregalli Giancarla , Labate Antonio Maria
Published: January 2025

Background: The efficacy of glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1 RAs) in glycemic control and cardiovascular risk reduction in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is well established. Real-world, non-interventional studies are increasingly essential to gather information from routine clinical practice. Objective of the Study: This multicenter, observational, retrospective, single-arm study aims to assess the effect of oral semaglutide on surrogate markers of cardio-metabolic risk (such as Visceral Adiposity Index, triglyceride-glucose index, Lipid Accumulation Product), as well as on glycemic control, renal function markers (creatinine, eGFR, microalbuminuria), and lipid profile, in adult patients with T2DM who are naive to GLP-1 RA therapy. Materials and Methods: A total of 154 adult diabetic patients (106 male, 48 female; mean age 64.4±10.5 years) with an average disease duration of 10 years (10.1±8.4) were evaluated. Patients initiated oral semaglutide treatment according to AIFA note 100 guidelines and were followed at diabetes outpatient clinics in ASST Bergamo Ovest, Garda, and Mantova. Clinical, biochemical, and anthropometric data for each patient were collected at the beginning of treatment (T0) and after 12 months (T12). Results: The main results are presented in the table below: Variables T0 T12 P-value BMI, Kg/m2 (mean±SD) 31.2±5.2 29.6±5.1 <0.001 Waist circumference, cm (mean±SD) 105.9±10.3 99.9±9.9 <0.001 Fasting glucose, mg/dL (mean±SD) 154.7±43.1 124.8±30.5 <0.001 HbA1c, % (mean±SD) 7.8±1.2 6.7±0.9 <0.001 Total cholesterol, mg/dL (mean±SD) 171.9±40.0 154±34.7 <0.001 HDL cholesterol, mg/dL (mean±SD) 47.7±11.9 52.0±12.2 <0.001 LDL cholesterol, mg/dL (mean±SD) 93.8±36.1 81.5±80.8 0.05 Triglycerides, mg/dL (mean±SD) 157.2±74.2 132.9±57.0 <0.001 eGFR, ml/min/1.73m² (mean±SD) 62.8±17.2 67.7±20.6 <0.001 Urinary albumin/creatinine ratio, mg/g [median (IQR)] 38.5 (14.3-81.8) 12 (5.6-34.3) <0.001 Systolic blood pressure, mmHg (mean±SD) 134.8±14.6 131.4±15.2 0.015 Diastolic blood pressure, mmHg (mean±SD) 78.3±8.7 75.8±8.5 0.003 Visceral Adiposity Index [median (IQR)] 2.4 (1.6-3.4) 1.7 (1.0-2.6) <0.001 Triglyceride-glucose index [median (IQR)] 5.9 (4.8-5.2) 4.8 (4.7-4.9) <0.001 Lipid Accumulation Product [median (IQR)] 77.0 (52.8-111.6) 56.1 (35.2-80.9) <0.001 Conclusions: Exposure to oral semaglutide for 12 months in T2DM patients resulted in significant improvements in glycemic control, renal function parameters, and surrogate markers of cardiovascular risk.
Peran Strategic HR Analytics dalam Meningkatkan Efektivitas Pengelolaan Sumber Daya Manusia
Authors: Yanuarty Rika
Published: January 2025

Strategic HR Analytics (SHRA) merupakan pendekatan berbasis data yang menjadi salah satu elemen penting dalam meningkatkan efektivitas pengelolaan sumber daya manusia (SDM). Dengan memanfaatkan teknologi analitik dan data yang terintegrasi, SHRA memungkinkan organisasi untuk mengambil keputusan strategis yang didasarkan pada informasi yang akurat dan relevan. Penelitian ini mengeksplorasi peran SHRA dalam mendukung proses pengelolaan SDM, termasuk perencanaan tenaga kerja, pengembangan kompetensi, manajemen kinerja, dan retensi karyawan. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa implementasi SHRA yang efektif dapat membantu organisasi mengidentifikasi kebutuhan SDM secara proaktif, mengukur efektivitas program pelatihan, dan meningkatkan keterlibatan karyawan melalui strategi berbasis data. Selain itu, SHRA berkontribusi pada peningkatan transparansi dan akuntabilitas dalam pengambilan keputusan, sehingga memperkuat daya saing organisasi. Penelitian ini juga mengidentifikasi tantangan dalam implementasi SHRA, seperti keterbatasan akses data berkualitas, kebutuhan akan keahlian analitik, dan resistensi terhadap perubahan di tingkat organisasi. Oleh karena itu, rekomendasi utama yang diajukan meliputi pengembangan kapasitas analitik SDM, peningkatan investasi dalam teknologi analitik, dan penanaman budaya organisasi yang berorientasi pada data. Dengan memanfaatkan potensi SHRA secara optimal, organisasi dapat meningkatkan efektivitas pengelolaan SDM dan mendukung pencapaian tujuan strategis jangka panjang.
New tools to analyse the complement system
Authors:   Philipps University Marburg, Pauly Diana
Published: January 2025

The complement system is an important part of the body’s defence against pathogens, and malfunctions can leave people more susceptible to disease. The SciFiMed project team are developing new tools to analyse the FH family of proteins and build a deeper picture of diseases associated with dysregulation of the complement system, as Professor Diana Pauly explains.
Using brain organoids to uncover the role of sialic acids
Authors:   University of Southern Denmark, Larsen Martin Røssel
Published: January 2025

Brain organoids provide a means for researchers to study different mechanisms in the developing brain, and to investigate how they function at the molecular level. We spoke to Professor Martin Røssel Larsen about how he is using organoids to investigate the role of sialic acids in early brain development, and the long-term consequences of any malformations.