bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Standardization of Smart Manufacturing Change Management
Authors: Macke Nils  , Rulhoff Stefan  , Stjepandić Josip
Published: February 2025

Many manufacturers lack comprehensive and seamless management for the change processes occurring between planning and the shop floor – particularly when it comes to cross-location, cross-disciplinary, and cross-departmental planning. This paper describes the emergence of the PSI/VDA recommendation which addresses this challenge. It's Manufacturing Change Management (MCM) defines a reference sequence of steps for managing the changes between planning and the shop floor. To define this reference process, the recommendation first discusses how MCM fits into the business environment and identifies the main participants of the change processes. Next, the best possible structural steps involved in the processing of a change enquiry are detailed and the typical tasks and their extents are described. Leading on from the conceptual basis of the MCM process, its suitability for specific applications within companies is then discussed in reference to relevant use cases.
An Analytical Hierarchy Process Based Evaluation of Global Facility Location Methodologies
Authors: Ali Hafiz Muhammad Khurram  , Akhtar Khalid  , Jahanzaib Mirza
Published: February 2025

The decision makers normally have to face two types of scenarios while selecting a country for a global facility location (GFL): the factors affecting the location decisions and selection of an appropriate methodology. These methodologies have been addressed in this paper based on their effectiveness for GFL problem. The complex nature of GFL problem demands some non-conventional and hybrid combinations of methodologies which may inherently handle the broader spectrum of influencing factors necessary for the global analysis. In this study the shortlisted methodologies are considered as alternatives to be selected by the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP). The selected parameters are prioritized by a panel of experts. Sensitivity analysis is performed in respective software to check the response of methodologies for different hypothetical scenarios. The paper concludes with rankings of the methodologies and is a unique contribution for the global decision makers to reinforce their decisions on the basis of mathematically computed results.
Fabrication of Micro Components with MSZ Material Using Electrical-Field Activated Powder Sintering Technology
Authors: Hijji Hasan  , Qin Yi  , Huang Kunlan  , Yang Song  , Zulkipli Muhammad Bin  , Zhao Jie
Published: February 2025

The electrical Field Activated Sintering Technology (FAST) process uses low voltage and high current, pressure-assisted sintering and synthesis technique, which has been used recently in materials processing. This method can be used to densify materials and create compounds, and it is similar to hot pressing, but the mechanism of the heating and powder densification are different. In this paper an innovative methodology has been adapted from the FAST process that can decrease the volume of the components into micro scale and called (Micro-FAST). This process is a rapid powder consolidation technology and shows the possibility to produce solid parts from powder material. Using Magnesia-Stabilized Zirconia (MSZ) powder material, several processing parameters have been investigated, such as pressure, heating rate, heating temperature and holding time, which helped to gain optimum results. In this paper Ø4.00 mm×4.00 mm and Ø2.00 mm×2.00 mm cylinder solid samples were shaped. The SEM and EDS have been conducted and the relative density has been examined and the results showed a very good fabricated sample with 99.83% relative density.
Productisation Business Model in Non-OEM Aero-Engine MRO Service Providers
Authors: Wibowo Arie  , Tjahjono Benny  , Tomiyama Tetsuo
Published: February 2025

The combination of product and service to provide customer's satisfaction has been known since 1990s in the aerospace industry, particularly within MRO (Maintenance-Repair-Overhaul) service providers. Initially, the OEMs offered servitisation solutions by bundling the product with services. However, to remain competitive, the non-OEM MRO service providers also initiated bundling its service with products as offerings. This productisation business model is a reverse approach of a servitisation business model. This paper identifies and proposes five types of the productisation business model and each of these types will be shown with a descriptive analysis and illustrations to highlight the understanding of the evolution towards providing offers by bundling services with products. Through this study, non-OEM aero-engine MRO service providers will be able to assess the most suitable business model, based on the MRO service provider's strengths and challenges.
Operational Acceptance Testing of Manufacturing Process Innovation Initiatives
Authors: Javahernia Alireza  , Sunmola Funlade T.
Published: February 2025

For successful implementation of innovation initiatives it is important to have in place adequate deployment and test plans for the initiatives, pre-implementation. This paper presents an Operational Acceptance Testing (OAT) methodology for use in testing deployment readiness of innovation initiatives. The OAT methodology is centred on scenario-based simulation techniques, using test cases of innovation deployment plans and risks. The focus in this paper is on manufacturing process innovations (MPI). The proposed methodology enables testing of MPI initiatives with the aim of assessing the level of confidence offered by MPI deployment plans and the associated readiness to deploy. Using an illustrative example, it is shown that the OAT methodology helps determine whether there is enough statistical evidence in favour of a belief that a manufacturing process will operate as desired during innovation deployment whilst maintaining the required manufacturing capabilities and service levels.
A Methodology for Assessing the Feasibility of Producing Components by Flow Forming
Authors: Marini Daniele  , Cunningham David  , Corney Jonathan R.
Published: February 2025

This paper describes a methodology for assessing the applicability of the flow forming process for the manufacture of specific components. The process starts by filtering potential candidates for flow forming from a component collection (e.g. company catalogue) and then carries out a detailed assessment of quantitative, technological and economic feasibility before determining a viable process plan. The process described uses analytical relationships and empirical criteria drawn from the literature. A process time model (based on an analogy with CNC turning) is used to develop a hybrid cost model in order to evaluate economic feasibility. The paper concluded with a brief summary of the results of applying the process to an industrial case study.
Additive and Hybrid Manufacturing Processes
Authors: Elvy Mark  , Carran Dean
Published: February 2025

Ecoegg a household products company, approached BEC Group to resolve difficulties with its five part ‘dryer-egg’. Difficulties included complex production processes creating poor consistency and quality. The brief included the enhancement of its proven and unique helix spiked design.
Control and Supervision in a Post-Modern Technological Society
Authors: Freitas Pedro Miguel  , Novais Paulo  , Julián Vicente
Published: February 2025

The intrinsic characteristics of modern society lead to an increasing surveillance both in the private sector and public sector. The emergence of new ubiquitous and pervasive technologies, although directed to the fulfillment of everyday's needs, allow, nevertheless, a greater control and supervision of all citizens, which reminds some of authors of the panopticon proposed by Jeremy Bentham and later developed by Michel Foucault. We discuss the fundamental ideas underpinning the model of panopticism and consider whether they are able to portray adequately the current state of affairs, in particular the tendencies observed after the exposure of NSA activities of global surveillance.
Personal Data and Surveillance: The Danger of the “Homo Conectus”
Authors: Coelho Moreira Teresa  , Pacheco Andrade Francisco
Published: February 2025

The use of electronic communications and open networks bring along serious risks for the fundamental rights of citizens. Cloud computing, RFIDs, ambient intelligence, software agents bring with them the danger of the “homo conectus”. As an example of the possibilities of control brought along by technologies, it must be analyzed the employment relationship. It must be enquired the existence of a right to disconnect.
Identifying Cultural Learning Preferences: Develop Effective Training for Chinese Learners
Authors: Wang Minjuan  , Zhang Yun  , Sanyk Wendy  , Velasco Marcus
Published: February 2025

This study, performed at the request of a multinational telecommunications company based in the Unites States, evaluated potential cross-cultural differences that could impact instructional design when developing training for a global audience, specifically Chinese engineers. The research team surveyed 66 participants from the target audience to identify their learning preferences for process and procedure-based tasks, as well as potential cultural influences that could impact training design. Longstanding cultural differences between the U.S. and China may impact the effectiveness of selected instructional design methods. However, some of the popular cultural models tend to stereotype learners by their geographical regions. This study discovers that these stereotypical generalizations about mainland Chinese learners may be called into question by the rapidly shifting social, cultural, and economic conditions in China. This study suggests the following guidelines when designing training for Chinese engineers: 1) Understand the complexity of the learning population; 2) Select instructional methods based on effectiveness for the task and the learning population's preferences; 3) Provide culturally sensitive options for resolving learner questions; and 4) Offer high quality translated materials when appropriate.
Data Similarity Based Dynamic Node Clustering Using Bio-Inspired Algorithm for Self-Organized Wireless Sensor Networks
Authors: Misbahuddin  , Sari Riri Fitri
Published: February 2025

Wireless sensor networks have been used by various environmental sensing applications as an interface between physical and computational environments. The wireless data gathering techniques commonly use the node clustering approaches to reduce energy consumption in the network. Moreover, it can also organize the network to be a stable network, improve the scalability, and prolong the lifetime of the cluster head through load balancing. However, few node clustering methods consider the data similarity based cluster formation referred on the spatial correlation to reduce the size of the large amounts of data and to detect the anomalous events. Furthermore, it can also manage the network through a self-organized approach to reduce the fault in the network. In this article, we propose an approach for data similarity based node clustering through a bio-inspired algorithm as a self-organizing mechanism. The simulation results show that the firefly-inspired synchronicity can synchronize the nodes on the network in order to perform together actions simultaneously. The clustering technique can establish the clusters based on the spatial similarity readings and can detect the anomalous data robustly.
A System Architecture for Assistance in Manual Tasks
Authors: Quint Fabian  , Loch Frieder  , Orfgen Marius  , Zuehlke Detlef
Published: February 2025

This paper presents an architecture for a system that assists workers in manual tasks. The system integrates different assistance modalities applicable for assembly and maintenance. It supports several operational environments and assists the worker by providing instructions for sequential processes. The system is not limited to specific assistance modalities and currently integrates augmented reality on multiple devices like smart glasses or tablets and enhanced sensor technologies to adapt assistance to the context. The instructions are formalized using entity-relationship diagrams and an information model focusing on AR-based assistance is developed. Finally, the system architecture used to integrate the different modalities in a modular manner is shown.
Internet of Things for Energy Efficiency and Personalization
Authors: Ferreira Joao C.
Published: February 2025

The present work presents a home energy management system (HEMS) that based on an Internet of Things will allow appliances to be turned on or off by remote commands. This approach is essential for a sustainable planet with the fast growing implementation of intermittent renewable energy sources, like wind and solar. This renewable energy sources have an intermittent behavior, so one solution to this problem is an EMS that tries to fit production to energy consumption. In this research work we propose a solution based on the standard OpenADR and a network of sensors to handle this problem, creating a platform based on internet-of-things capable to turn-on or off electrical devices based on a central decision process that meets the requirements of energy producers and consumers. Producers can provide energy according to the consumer's requirements and take part of energy production and costs fluctuations. Based on an OpenADR standard for energy data exchange and a central cloud server, a list of services are provided to handle these transactions, with georeferenced information to minimize energy losses in the distribution process. Furthermore, mobile devices can passive collect user mobility data to optimize energy efficiency, heating or cooling the house before users return home, thus, generating energy personalized services.
A Framework for the Development of Smart Ubiquitous Real-Time Systems Based on the Internet of Agents and Internet of Services Approaches
Authors: Pico-Valencia Pablo  , Holgado-Terriza Juan A.
Published: February 2025

The current proliferation of electronic things and smart devices are the main cause of arising of the Internet of Things, Internet of Services, and Internet of Agents approaches. This paper presents a framework for the development of soft real-time applications based on the Service Oriented Computing and Computer-Based Agents currently known as Internet of Services and Internet of Agents, respectively. The framework includes six dimensions—agent, interaction, environment, planning, organization, and normative—which are organized in order to accomplish the new current challenges of the Internet of Things. In addition, the framework also allows designing real-time agents through the inclusion of real-time restrictions in agent goals and plans in order to build real-time applications of Internet of Things.
Critical Infrastructure Protection: Smart Grids
Authors: Cavallaro Francesco  , Chiappetta Andrea  , De Santis Massimiliano  , Pinnarelli Anna
Published: February 2025

The Smart Grids combine and integrate the now ubiquitous computational capabilities with the traditional power grid. This integration will lead to a considerable increase of efficiency and reliability of energy distribution among the consumers (domestic or industrial environment). This objective is achieved by distributing thousands (and/or millions) of interconnected sensors and smart electronic devices on the network. This feature is the strength and the weakness of the Smart Grids, in fact every single device connected to the Smart Grids will be a potential entry point to further attacks on the entire network.
Building Resilience Through Social Media After an Attack on Critical Infrastructure
Authors: Niglia Alessandro  , Veraza Carlos
Published: February 2025

Social Media has become a terrorist's best ally and worst enemy. In the aftermath of an attack on critical infrastructure, terrorist organizations take credit and celebrate the attacks, an effect that becomes raw and powerful to all social media users. In response to an attack, the majority of social media users give their sympathy, prayers and support to victims of an attack. This report analyzes the potential power that social media can have with resilience building by showing ways governments can educate and disseminate information in a cost-effective and timely manner to all parts of the world. This report uses real case studies and data compiled from different events to better support its thesis.
Bridging the Gap Between Functions and Physical Components Through a Structured Functional Mapping Chart
Authors: Raudberget Dag  , Landahl Jonas  , Levandowski Christoffer  , Müller Jakob
Published: February 2025

Functional modelling can be challenging to integrate with physical CAD-modelling, since the natures of these representations are quite different. This paper presents a methodology seeking to bridge these representations in a product platform context. The contribution of this work is a pragmatic way to improve the connections between Functional Requirements and CAD models. It does so by structuring functions, features and components and by linking these through tags in CAD-models. The methodology thereby associates the CAD models to the functional knowledge used when creating them. The result is the functional mapping chart, which is illustrated by an example from the automotive industry.
Performance Measures to Humanitarian Logistics: The Perspective of the Humanitarian Assistance Chain
Authors: Fernandes Christiane Wenck Nogueira  , Taglialenha Silvia Lopes de Sena  , Silva Vanina Macowski Durski
Published: February 2025

Earthquakes, hurricanes, floods, tsunamis and other emergency situations have demanded a special logistic treatment named Humanitarian Logistics, has currently been studied in several countries around the world. The goal of this article is to compare the performance measurement in the humanitarian supply chain to the traditional performance measurement in the commercial supply chain, to develop performance indicators in the humanitarian supply chain and present a structure that can be used as a basis for the development of a performance measurement system for the humanitarian logistics.
Exergetic Analysis Applied to Recycling Processes: A Literature Review
Authors: de Almeida Sergio Tadeu  , Borsato Milton
Published: February 2025

The increase of waste presents a challenge for organizations and societies pursuing sustainable development. In this context, recycling is widely recognized for being a friendly strategy to the environment and the proper approach to effectively manage waste and minimize the negative impact on the environment and the economy. However, since the available recycling technology requires both raw materials and energy, it ultimately contributes to the depletion of natural resources. Therefore, it is vital to assess the energy efficiency of recycling processes to determine their real benefit. The scientific literature suggests a series of approaches, requirements and practices, which may be, at first sight, confusing. The present study focuses on efficiency evaluation of recycling processes by means of exergetic analyses. It performs a systematic review, based on nine significant factors in recycling processes, of the relevant literature concerning the evaluation of recycling processes through the exergetic approach. The review makes two important contributions. First, it presents an approach for assessing such diverse literature by means of a single structure. In addition, it allows the identification of improvement opportunities and reveals future research opportunities.
Design of a Smart Microgrid Laboratory Platform for University Campus
Authors: Crisis Josmela Shantal  , Van Els Rudi Henri
Published: February 2025

The smart microgrid platform project has been initiated to integrate a renewable energy laboratory on the campus with real-time data monitoring capacity. This expected smart micro grid will complement the construction process of the campus, as it is planned to be deployed in stages. The overall design of this microgrid laboratory platform is based on the methodologies of system design development processes, where the design goes through different stages such as the informational design stage, the conceptual design stage, the preliminary design stage and finally the detail design stage. All these mentioned stages have their own steps to be followed to get to the desired design of the smart microgrid laboratory system. From the literature research is concluded that there has not yet been made an attempt to design an electrical energy system with the design methods of product or system development process. These design methodologies are actually developed for the design of mechanical and mechatronic systems. The mechatronics are defined at R&D (research and development) level as complex systems which can be organized into ten technical areas: Motion Control, Robotics, Automotive Systems, Intelligent Control, Actuators and Sensors, Modeling and Design, System Integration, Manufacturing, Micro Devices and Optoelectronics, and Vibration and Noise control. Nowadays the application area of mechatronics is remarkably broad. This technology is firmly used in the automation of machines, biomedical systems, energy and power systems, vehicular systems, data communication systems and computer aided design. Since smart microgrids are also complex systems with various integrated elements, the approach of a modified design method of a modular system design was utilized for this laboratory platform. In this context the paper aims to present the initial stages of a modular system design for the smart microgrid lab platform, where the target technical specifications of the smart microgrid system are the key characteristics for the deployment of the modular design as required by the customer. Along the roadmap of this design the main aspects will be presented in this paper, such as the identifications of the stakeholders and clients, the necessities of the customers, the identification of the requirements of the customer and the product/system requirements and the categorization of these requirements with the QFD (Quality Function Deployment or “House of Quality”). All the followed steps to be presented in this article will contribute to a structured and analyzed process of the modular design of the smart microgrid laboratory platform to start with the conceptual design stage of this system.
Analysis of Curitiba's Public Transport System as a Complex Network
Authors: da Silva Emerson Luiz Chiesse  , Fonseca Keiko Verônica Ono  , Rosa Marcelo de Oliveira  , Munaretto Anelise
Published: February 2025

A public transport system (PTS) can be modeled as a complex network, composed by a large number of vehicles stations (for buses, trains, and so on) as nodes and their connections as edges. The complex network model allows the adoption of metrics and tools based on them aimed to analyzing the public transport system. In this work, the Curitiba's Public Transport Network was analyzed as a complex network, whereas crowded areas of bus lines and locations with deficient number of bus lines could be identified. The usefulness and effectiveness of numeric methods based on complex network analysis are demonstrated through the simulation of adding and removing categories of bus lines to verify their influence in the city transportation system.
Complex Project Management
Authors: Nakamura Paulo Edy
Published: February 2025

Managing complex projects is always a challenge. During a project's life cycle, technical, cost, schedule and political complexities can arise. These challenges may include design requirement changes, resource shortages, changes in government regulations, problems with subcontractors, delays in other interdependent projects, which require detailed project plans, particular skill sets, flexibility and constant adaptability. More importantly, organizations need methods to to help managers address complex situations. System Dynamics is a method that can be applied to different areas of knowledge, especially when the system is relatively complex and the behavior of key variables is difficult to predict. This paper describes the use of System Dynamics to help project managers conduct the management process and face uncertainties and complexities. Lessons learned from a Brazilian Air Force Project Management Office – PMO are presented to illustrate insights and key lessons for decision makers.
3i Engineer: An Approach Based on a Brazilian-French Collaboration
Authors: Cziulik Carlos  , do Nascimento Décio Estevão  , Resende Luís Maurício  , Schaegger Maximillian  , Schoefs Olivier
Published: February 2025

The globalization era is setting new challenges in several areas such as: manufacturing processes, design offices procedures, educational organizations, amongst others. In this volatile world, the importance of engineers role is becoming more evident, since they are the drivers for delivering to the market all those demanded innovations. With the advances in technology, engineering education has been requested to change. Traditional approaches are not able to fulfil the expectancies of both, the students and the market. In this scenario, Engineering Schools around the world have been developing several initiatives (e.g. CDIO, Olin College, Insper Institute), making more investments in labs and equipment, devising new ways of lecturing, promoting more interactions. Compiègne University of Technology (UTC)-France and Federal University of Technology-Parana (UTFPR)-Brazil have a strong partnership since early 1990. Considering the above context, this work discusses the scope and preliminary results of a joint initiative from both universities, named 3i Engineer. It aims at structuring a joint innovative engineering course, beyond simple students exchanges, double-degree and internships in companies abroad, based on the tripod: innovation, industry and interculturality. A preparation work was conducted at both universities. A Seminar, held at UTC-Compiègne, on February 03rd-05th, 2016, involving 15 faculty members started the process of defining a feasible framework for the aimed approach. Intercultural issues emerged as a major subject to be addressed. At the end of the seminar, three scenarios were identified. Additionally, the next stages were also discussed and planned. At the end of September 2016, it is expected to select a scenario and establish the guidelines for its implementation.
A Comparative Between the Design Thinking Approach and the New Product Development Process Early Stages
Authors: da Rocha de Pádua Carolina Munhoz  , Kampa Josmael Roberto
Published: February 2025

With the large increase in competitiveness and new technologies, greater speed in the development of new products is required. As the traditional development models can fail to foster innovative products, new approaches are needed. Thus, companies seek new alternatives mirrored in successful cases, such as IDEO. Their process of innovation, called Design Thinking (DT), is mainly focused on the human being. Thus, the objective of this work is to develop a qualitative comparative study between a traditional New Product Development Process (PDP) reference model and the DT approach, with focus in its early stages. Through eight comparison criteria, one can easily see the two different proposals which share the same goal, to be well accepted in the market. Also, there were developed two mental maps of the topics that can be obtained by contacting the authors.
Aerodynamic Features Optimization of Front Wheels Surroundings for Energy Efficient Car
Authors: Wąsik Mateusz  , Skarka Wojciech
Published: February 2025

Constant development of the vehicles energy efficiency, the fuel prices and the requirements for greenhouse gas emissions force designers to find new solutions to achieve the goals by minimising the movement resistances. As it was calculated basing on the research carried out at the Silesian University of Technology, the Institute of Fundamentals of Machinery Design on energy efficient cars designed for the Shell Eco-marathon race, the main component of the total resistance of a moving car is the aerodynamic drag which is equal, in such a type of car, to about 70% of the total movement resistance. The idea of the research is to optimize the shape of aerodynamic features of the front wheels surroundings. By the front wheel surroundings aerodynamic features, the front wheel arch and front bumper shapes are understood. The air drag depends on the elements of the drag coefficient cxwhich is strongly connected with its shape and its area. Front wheel in motion rotates and generates air turbulences which have negative influence on the car aerodynamics. In majority of the cars the front wheels are swivel, which makes it difficult or impossible to close the front wheel arch. For reduction of the air drag generated by the open wheel arch, three types of solutions are designed and optimized. The first solution is the main shape of the analysed car parts which are shaped so that they generate minimal aerodynamic drag and lead the air stream to bypass the wheel niche. The second analysed solution is passive system consisting of respectively shaped holes in the front bumper. The holes lead the air stream into the wheel niche, equalize pressure in the wheel niche and reduce the air turbulences generated by the rotating wheel. The last solution is a set of overlays which lead the air stream in such a way to avoid its disruption to the wheel arch niche and achieve the best air stream distribution around the vehicle.
An Investigation into Conflict Resolution and Trajectory Prediction Aids for Future Air Traffic Control
Authors: Trapsilawati Fitri  , Chen Chun-Hsien  , Khoo Li Pheng
Published: February 2025

The continuously increasing air traffic density has become a major challenge in air traffic control (ATC) due to the current ATC systems are approaching maximum capacity. To deal with the problem, an automated conflict resolution aid (CRA) and a trajectory prediction aid (TPA) have been proposed to serve as additional safety layers in the ATC systems. However, whether the proposed automation aids are worth to be applied in the current ATC workplace and could better support air traffic controllers (ATCOs) remain unknown. This study aims to investigate the effects of the proposed automations on ATCOs' workload and situation awareness (SA). To do so, twenty-four participants were evenly divided into two groups corresponding to the presence and absence of the TPA. In each condition, participants were instructed to perform simulated ATC tasks with the double of current air traffic load under the presence and absence of the CRA. The results showed that the CRA benefits ATCOs' workload and SA. The application of the CRA alone could benefit ATCOs while the presence of the TPA alone did not offer valuable benefits for ATCOs. Importantly, the CRA could lower the workload substantially when it was integrated with the TPA. The automation design aspect and its application in enhancing safety of future ATC are also highlighted.
Decision Analysis of Stakeholder Views in the Design of Steel Structures in Fire
Authors: Akaa Obinna  , Abu Anthony  , Spearpoint Michael  , Giovinazzi Sonia
Published: February 2025

This paper demonstrates how decision-making techniques can be used to balance diverse stakeholder views, especially engineers from multiple disciplines, toward approaching suitable fire engineered solutions for steel structures. Forty-two fire design stakeholders were interviewed for their opinions on selecting a suitable fire protection for structural steel buildings. The stakeholders compared and rated decision attributes. Their views were assessed using the Group-Analytic Network Process (G-ANP). The results show the priority trends from aggregated fire design stakeholder views and systematic ranking of the fire protection options toward suitable decision-making thereby highlighting the viability of the decision analysis techniques for transdisciplinary collaboration in structural fire design.
A Distance-Based Spectral Clustering Approach with Applications to Network Community Detection
Authors: Shen Gang  , Ye Dongmei
Published: February 2025

Object clustering is a fundamental task in many data analysis and pattern understanding applications by providing insights into detecting the underlying structures of a large collection of samples. In this paper, we present our work on a novel spectral clustering algorithm that partitions a collection of objects using the spectrum of adistance matrix. If the nodes in a metric space can be associated with a well defined distance, the distance matrix is almost negative definite, implying that the eigenvector for the smallest eigenvalues of this matrix can be used as an approximation of the solution to a quadratic form partition problem. It is proved that this smallest eigenvalue is equivalent to the second largest singular value. Therefore Lanczos iterative algorithm can be applied to findingthe eigenvalues efficiently. We adapted this algorithm to the distributed network community detection problem using a decentralized multi-agent framework, and tested the effectiveness of the proposed approach with simulations.
Active Vibration Control Applying Fuzzy Logic in a Flexible Rotor Using Electromagnetic Actuators
Authors: Correa Renan Franco  , Taketa Erik  , Colombo Daniel Almeida  , Lara-Molina Fabian Andres  , Koroishi Edson Hideki
Published: February 2025

In the last few years, new methods to perform active vibration control were proposed and developed with the purpose of handling with several dynamic problems. These researches are motivated by the necessity of a safer and more efficient performance in the operation of mechanical systems (industrial applications). There are several types of actuators available for the active vibration control, the current work is dedicated on the Electromagnetic Actuator. This actuator uses electromagnetic forces to control the rotor without mechanical contact. And it is represented by a non-linear model, which justifies the control by Fuzzy Logic. In this work, the aim is to attenuate rotor system vibration by Fuzzy Logic based in Takagi-Sugeno model, the control is achieved using the linear quadratic regulator. Finally, the simulation results demonstrate efficiency of the methodology, which can be seen in the reduction of vibration amplitude.
Indirect 3D Scanning of the Foot Plant – Comparison Between a Medium and Low-Cost Tools
Authors: Weigert Mateus Collares  , Poier Paloma Hohmann  , Rosenmann Gabriel Chemin  , Foggiatto José Aguiomar  , Volpato Neri  , Okimoto Maria Lucia Leite Ribeiro
Published: February 2025

The direct or indirect 3D scanning of the foot's plantar region can be used to manufacture customized insoles, orthosis and orthopedic shoes. The equipments that enable an efficient direct scanning are, in most cases, expensive and inaccessible to professionals. The inability to use such equipment, leads to recourse to indirect scanning with low-cost tools to generate the digital model. In this context, the aim of this study is to compare dimensionally the physical model with two virtual 3D models, one generated by a medium-cost equipment (MDX-40) and the other generated by a low-cost (Memento). To accomplish this goal a model in plaster of the plantar region of a healthy subject was made and later scanned by both methods. Five (5) regions or features of the plaster model were identified and measured. The dimensions were also virtually measured in a 3D CAD environment, in both scanned models. The methodology allowed to conclude that the 3D scanning made by MDX-40 presented a relative error of 0.72% compared to plaster model, while the Memento showed a relative error of 2.85%. In addition, the 3D scanning made by MDX-40 lasted 48 times longer than the Memento process. In view of the difference in cost and time for 3D scanning, the Memento can be considered more viable and interesting than the MDX-40, however, one study is necessary to evaluate the influence of the relative error in the quality of customized insoles.
Design for Autonomy: An Integrated Product Development Tool for Reengineering of Complex Products for the Brazilian Space Sector
Authors: Wekerle Timo  , Loures da Costa Luís E.V.  , Trabasso Luís Gonzaga
Published: February 2025

This paper presents the integrated product development tool Design for Autonomy for reengineering of foreign complex products. Design for Autonomy is a new member of the Design for X family, which aims at integrating the requirements from the X area, in this case autonomy, into the conceptual phase of the product development process. This tool regards to decision making activities and their outcomes: decisions about the interrelations with the design of products. The objective of Design for Autonomy is to assure that the product can be designed, produced and operated in Brazil for a defined period of time at a minimum risk of being dependent on export bans or unavailability of components. This can be accomplished by the Design for Autonomy model comprising four steps: (1) An analysis to identify critical elements and means for achieving their technological domain; (2) Preparation of nationalization; (3) Reverse engineering of the original product in order to obtain the technological know-how; and (4) Forward engineering including the adaptation for the new environment in Brazil, stimulating improvements and added value. In a pilot project, the Design for Autonomy tool is being successfully applied to the development of a Brazilian thrust vector control system, a subsystem used for attitude control of satellite launch vehicles. The technology originates from the German Aerospace Center (DLR) and is transferred to the Brazilian Institute of Aeronautics and Space (DCTA/IAE).
Manufacturability Analysis for Welding – A Case Study Using Howtomation
Authors: Pabolu Venkata Krishna Rao  , Stolt Roland  , Johansson Joel
Published: February 2025

This paper is a summary of master thesis written in the fall of 2015 in the department of Product Development in Jonkoping University in Sweden as a part of a research project with focus on the implementation and management of systems for design automation and design for manufacturing. It includes an implementation with the aim of enhancing a system currently in operation at an aerospace supplier. The system is used for multi-objective design analysis in the early phases of product development. The analysis involves both the performance of the jet engines components as well as their manufacturability. The work is focused on the weldability assessment, based on available weld methods and the weld capabilities of the company. A number of rules for analysing the weldability are proposed. To keep this knowledge transparent, traceable and updatable it is managed by a novel software called Howtomation©Suite which is a forward chaining inferencing engine. The proposed framework enables a weldability index and welding cost guide to be derived, helping the designers choose appropriate weld method in early design stages.
Project of Automation and Cost Reduction at Spark Plugs Pressing System
Authors: Campos Luiz Fernando R.  , da Luz Gabriel Augusto  , Rivabem Marcos  , Mocelin Matheus
Published: February 2025

This study deals with the gain in quality and cost reduction in the pressing of the spark plug wires from the need to ensure a standard, eliminate quality defects such as poor contact of the cables generating low power failures and unexpected problems. The objective was to study the best practices in the automotive industry, showing potential gains from the analysis of split costs by reducing the time of labor and applying the results on the production line. To understand this work some key points were studied such as: the system World Class Manufacturing (WCM), quality tools like PDCA cycle and Kaizen. These were applied in the pressing process of the spark plug wires, highlighting their advantages and disadvantages. The results show the implementation of automation press the spark plug wires in a positive manner towards the operation performed by the operator. Automation has been accepted and is planning to run the company in 2014. Referring to the layout of the production area there was a reduction in the cycle time of the post. In addition to that, it was observed the shortening of the cycle operator, with consequent reduction of costs and improvement in operator ergonomic point was observed.
Adaptive Control Applied to the Performance Management Function of Organizations
Authors: de Oliveira Alisson Antonio  , Deschamps Fernando  , Pinheiro de Lima Edson
Published: February 2025

The adaptive systems theory is commonly applied to the control of complex technical systems such as autonomous vehicles. In such cases, the environment of the system is in constant change and the system needs to transparently respond to these changes in order to timely fulfill its objectives. Organizations, considered socio-technical systems, also operate in a dynamic environment. Organizational theory, however, usually regards change as a process and not as an inherent characteristic of the system, addressing the need for change instead of transparently embedding it into system design. This work addresses this issue in the performance management function of an organization by proposing an architecture for information systems based on the adaptive systems theory that intrinsically treats change. In particular, this is accomplished in the metrics and assessment procedures of the performance management function. Metrics and procedures, in this sense, may change over time and are not the result of a deliberate change process, but of the way that the performance management function is implemented through this architecture using an enterprise engineering approach. A proposal for the application of this architecture is presented in the service sector, more specifically related to the Brazilian public education, and the extension of this architecture to encompass other types of organizations and functions is discussed.
Template for Supporting Welding Design on Aluminum Vessels
Authors: de Moraes André A.  , Kramel Diogo  , Ferreira Cristiano V.  , da Cunha Tiago V.
Published: February 2025

The use of aluminium hulls has advantages such as versatility in achieving complex shapes, lightness, strength, durability and it doesn't present corrosion issues nor embrittlement by temperature. When designing aluminium hulls the designer prioritizes welding as a major joining method. However, the aluminium welding process is complex, therefore the requirements involved in the manufacturing are critical. Furthermore, it is noted that when the design is performed on small and medium-sized vessels, these requirements are not adequately considered early in the design process. This fact is made worse when considering the product life cycle, generating problems such as redesign of the product, increasing manufacturing time and material waste. This paper proposes a design Template to assist obtaining the design specifications of aluminium vessels in the early stages of product development. The Template is based on the product life cycle and takes into account the general and specific attributes in order to generate a list of design rules, recommendations, best practices and solution-solving principles, which were established based on the literature and on professional experience. The outcome of the Template is a set of information which are available throughout the matrix. In order to improve the result, surveys and interviews were conducted with experts in the field. The main advantages of the use of this tool in designing a vessel are: i) to enhance knowledge management since new information (knowledge) can be added in the matrix cells, as the shipyard acquires knowledge; ii) to facilitate the integration of designers with different technical areas of a shipyard; iii) to reduce the design and manufacturing time of the vessel; and iv) to reduce product development costs, since waste is reduced.
Introduction of a Goals and Characteristics Model for Implementing the Product Line Concepts: An Application in Civil Engineering
Authors: Urrego-Giraldo Germán  , Giraldo Gloria-Lucía  , Urrego-Giraldo Olga-Eugenia
Published: February 2025

The introduction of new products is a critical aspect for the survival, growth, and rentability of enterprises. Mass customization has aided to decreasing the production costs and the time to reach the final consummator. But, the rapid change in technology and in social and individual expectative, as well as, the explosion of the concurrence demand new and efficient methods for products development. In order to assume these challenges, products lines approach looks for the reuse of common characteristics of products and the harnessing of the variability of other characteristics useful to satisfy exigencies of customers. The features model, widely used in the development of products lines, has limitations to treat the complexity of domains, to adopt standard guides to construction and segmentation of domain models. In our research, domain knowledge is organized in different ways, in order to represent tangible and intangible realities using mathematical, conceptual, and physical models. Traditional engineering, as mechanical, civil, materials, and hydraulic has important applications in automotive, and aerospace industry, and in the construction of ships, buildings, railways, roads, among others. There, it is easy to appreciate the common use of ideal, conceptual, and physical models in projects development. In civil engineering, for example, new structural elements, their conceptual representations, mathematical models, software systems for analysis and design, and physical models use concepts of a domain model, which depict common and variable characteristics of a products line. In this work, we model domain in terms of goals and characteristics, highlighting the reusable part of products and the variability. This domain model allows the application of products line concepts to the analysis, design and construction of structural elements in civil engineering. We apply proposed products lines models in the analysis and design of coupled structural walls.
Toward Systematic Software Reuse: From Concept to Modular Software Implementation
Authors: Souza Eric C.  , Takase Fabio K.  , Costa Rafael L.  , Aguchiku Fabio S.
Published: February 2025

A considerable part of the development effort of systems nowadays is related to the design and implementation tasks of the software components of the system. The main motivation for this work is the expected benefits from a successful implementation of systematic software reuse by the organization, as described in IEEE 1517 - 2010: Increase software productivity; Shorten software development and maintenance time; Reduce duplication of effort; Move personnel, tools, and methods more easily among projects; Reduce software development and maintenance costs; Produce higher quality software products. This work will focus attention on what is needed for an organization to establish systematic software reuse from a process and standards point of view, to repeatedly exploit reuse opportunities in multiple software projects or products, and on how this can be implemented and harnessed on real world projects. To accomplish this, some development cases were selected from the available literature and effective approaches to the execution of tasks from processes of the Atech product life cycle model were exercised in two case studies. The application of effective approaches to development proved to be challenging, as whole new set of tools and processes are being demanded to adress the complexity of modern systems.