bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Origine de la variabilité spatiale du recul des falaises crayeuses du nord-ouest du Bassin de Paris. L'exemple du littoral haut-normand (France)
Authors: Costa Stéphane , Lageat Yannick , Hénaff Alain , Delahaye Daniel , Plessis Emmanuelle
Published: January 2018

Le littoral à falaises crayeuses de Haute-Normandie est connu pour son recul rapide, recul qui est toutefois loin d'être uniforme. Ces abrupts, situés à la terminaison nord-occidentale du Bassin parisien, sont taillés dans les craies du Crétacé supérieur dont l'homogénéité n'est qu'apparente. En raison de déformations tectoniques perpendiculaires au trait de côte, ce sont, en effet, divers étages géologiques qui affleurent, depuis les craies à silex, parfois indurées, du Cénomanien jusqu'aux craies à silex du Campanien, en passant par les craies marneuses, pauvres en lits de silex, du Turonien. Ces caractéristiques lithostratigraphiques déterminent plusieurs types morphologiques de falaises dont les vitesses d'évolution sont contrastées. L'objectif de cet article est de mettre en évidence les relations entre les vitesses de retrait des abrupts crayeux, la répartition spatiale des affleurements, et les facteurs morphométriques influant sur les actions marines.
Volatiles from the tropical ascomycete Daldinia clavata (Hypoxylaceae, Xylariales)
Authors: Wang Tao , Mohr Kathrin I , Stadler Marc , Dickschat Jeroen S
Published: January 2018

The volatiles from the fungus Daldinia clavata were collected by use of a closed-loop stripping apparatus and analysed by GC–MS. A few compounds were readily identified by comparison of measured to library mass spectra and of retention indices to published data, while for other compounds a synthesis of references was required. For one of the main compounds, 5-hydroxy-4,6-dimethyloctan-3-one, the relative and absolute configuration was determined by synthesis of all eight stereoisomers and gas chromatographic analysis using a homochiral stationary phase. Another identified new natural product is 6-nonyl-2H-pyran-2-one. The antimicrobial and cytotoxic effects of the synthetic volatiles are also reported.
Subsequent Nonthermal Emission Due to the Kilonova Ejecta in GW170817
Authors: Asano Katsuaki , To Sho
Published: January 2018

The ejected material at the binary neutron star merger GW170817 was confirmed as a kilonova by UV, optical, and IR observations. This event provides a unique opportunity to investigate the particle acceleration at a mildly relativistic shock propagating in the circumbinary medium. In this paper, we simulate the nonthermal emission from electrons accelerated by the shock induced by the kilonova ejecta with a time-dependent method. The initial velocity and mass of the ejecta in the simulations are obtained from the kilonova observations in GW170817. If the ambient density is high enough (≥10−2 cm−3), radio, optical/IR, and X-ray signals will be detected in a few years, though the off-axis short gamma-ray burst models, accounting for the X-ray/radio counterpart detected at ∼10 days after the merger, imply low ambient density. We also demonstrate that the additional low-mass (∼10−5
M
⊙) component with a velocity of 0.5c–0.8c can reproduce the early X-ray/radio counterpart. This alternative model allows a favorably high density to detect the nonthermal emission due to the kilonova ejecta. Even for a low ambient density such as ∼10−3 cm−3, depending on the microscopic parameters for the electron acceleration, we can expect a growth of radio flux of ∼0.1 mJy in a few years.
The LAMOST Complete Spectroscopic Survey of Pointing Area (LaCoSSPAr) in the Southern Galactic Cap. I. The Spectroscopic Redshift Catalog
Authors: Yang 杨 Ming 明 , Wu 吴 Hong 宏 , Yang 杨 Fan 帆 , Lam 林敏 Man I 仪 , Cao 曹天 Tian-Wen 文 , Wu 武朝 Chao-Jian 剑 , Zhao 赵品 Pin-Song 松 , Zhang 张天 Tian-Meng 萌 , Zhou 周志 Zhi-Min 民 , Wu 吴学 Xue-Bing 兵 , Zhang 张彦 Yan-Xia 霞 , Shao 邵正 Zheng-Yi 义 , Jing 景益 Yi-Peng 鹏 , Shen 沈世 Shi-Yin 银 , Zhu 朱轶 Yi-Nan 楠 , Du 杜 Wei 薇 , Lei 雷凤 Feng-Jie 杰 , He 何 Min 敏 , Jin 金骏 Jun-Jie 杰 , Shi 施建 Jian-Rong 荣 , Zhang 张 Wei 伟 , Wang 王建 Jian-Ling 岭 , Wu 吴玉 Yu-Zhong 中 , Zhang 张昊 Hao-Tong 彤 , Luo 罗阿 A-Li 里 , Yuan 袁海 Hai-Long 龙 , Bai 白仲 Zhong-Rui 瑞 , Kong 孔 Xu 旭 , Gu 顾秋 Qiu-Sheng 生 , Zhou 周 Xu 旭 , Ma 马 Jun 骏 , Hu 邹 Zou 虎 , Nie 聂俊 Jun-Dan 丹 , Wang 王嘉 Jia-Li 力 , Zhang 张 Yong 勇 , Hou 侯永 Yong-Hui 辉 , Zhao 赵永 Yong-Heng 恒
Published: January 2018

We present a spectroscopic redshift catalog from the LAMOST Complete Spectroscopic Survey of Pointing Area (LaCoSSPAr) in the Southern Galactic Cap (SGC), which is designed to observe all sources (Galactic and extragalactic) by using repeating observations with a limiting magnitude of

in two

fields. The project is mainly focusing on the completeness of LAMOST ExtraGAlactic Surveys (LEGAS) in the SGC, the deficiencies of source selection methods, and the basic performance parameters of the LAMOST telescope. In both fields, more than 95% of galaxies have been observed. A post-processing has been applied to the LAMOST 1D spectrum to remove the majority of remaining sky background residuals. More than 10,000 spectra have been visually inspected to measure the redshift by using combinations of different emission/absorption features with an uncertainty of

. In total, 1528 redshifts (623 absorption and 905 emission line galaxies) in Field A and 1570 redshifts (569 absorption and 1001 emission line galaxies) in Field B have been measured. The results show that it is possible to derive redshift from low S/N galaxies with our post-processing and visual inspection. Our analysis also indicates that up to one-fourth of the input targets for a typical extragalactic spectroscopic survey might be unreliable. The multi-wavelength data analysis shows that the majority of mid-infrared-detected absorption (91.3%) and emission line galaxies (93.3%) can be well separated by an empirical criterion of

. Meanwhile, a fainter sequence paralleled to the main population of galaxies has been witnessed both in M

r
/

and M
*/

diagrams, which could be the population of luminous dwarf galaxies but contaminated by the edge-on/highly inclined galaxies (

).
The Galaxy Cluster Merger Catalog: An Online Repository of Mock Observations from Simulated Galaxy Cluster Mergers
Authors: ZuHone J. A. , Kowalik K. , Öhman E. , Lau E. , Nagai D.
Published: January 2018

We present the “Galaxy Cluster Merger Catalog.” This catalog provides an extensive suite of mock observations and related data for N-body and hydrodynamical simulations of galaxy cluster mergers and clusters from cosmological simulations. These mock observations consist of projections of a number of important observable quantities in several different wavebands, as well as along different lines of sight through each simulation domain. The web interface to the catalog consists of easily browsable images over epoch and projection direction, as well as download links for the raw data and a JS9 interface for interactive data exploration. The data are presented within a consistent format so that comparison between simulations is straightforward. All of the data products are provided in the standard Flexible Image Transport System file format. The data are being stored on the yt Hub (http://hub.yt), which allows for remote access and analysis using a Jupyter notebook server. Future versions of the catalog will include simulations from a number of research groups and a variety of research topics related to the study of interactions of galaxy clusters with each other and with their member galaxies. The catalog is located at http://gcmc.hub.yt.
El arzobispado de Compostela, los obispados del noroeste de la península ibérica y el IV Concilio de Letrán de 1215
Authors: Domínguez Sánchez Santiago
Published: January 2018

En este artículo se estudia y analiza críticamente la participación de los obispos del noroeste de la península ibérica en el IV Concilio de Letrán del año 1215, cuyo octavo centenario se celebra ahora. Se hace un pequeño repaso a la aplicación paulatina en este territorio de seis decisiones conciliares: la primera, el problema de la primacía de la Iglesia hispana, especialmente con las luchas entre los arzobispos de Toledo y Compostela, así como la imposición de un mayor control en la disciplina eclesiástica, las diversas disposiciones para la mejora de la vida de piedad de los fieles, una nueva regulación del sacramento del matrimonio, las medidas tomadas en relación con los judíos y el llamamiento a la cruzada.
Un relato de traslación de reliquias en la Castilla del siglo XV: la obra de Alonso de Cartagena
Authors: Fernández Gallardo Luis
Published: January 2018

El relato de traslación de reliquias es un género de literatura religiosa que no tuvo amplio desarrollo en la Castilla medieval. Pero Alonso de Cartagena contribuyó a éste notablemente. En 1453, durante una visita pastoral, decidió trasladar las reliquias de santa Juliana a un lugar más honorable. Compuso un relato de los hechos que se ajusta con rigor a los rasgos del género. Escrito en castellano, contiene una exposición sobre la conveniencia del culto a los santos y sus reliquias de intensa inspiración tomista, que expone con rigor y claridad cuestiones teológicas. Las disposiciones sobre la decoración de la capilla de las reliquias ofrecen por su posición equidistante un interesante testimonio del debate sobre la imagen religiosa que se desarrollaba entonces en Castilla.
«Huyendo de los lobos carniceros de su patria». Las monjas irlandesas en Castilla, una aproximación social y discursiva (1652-1706)
Authors: Bravo Lozano Cristina
Published: January 2018

Las medidas políticas adoptadas por Oliver Cromwell en Irlanda generaron un movimiento migratorio de religiosas que, expulsas de sus conventos, fueron acogidas en congregaciones y conventos castellanos. Bajo el auspicio de Felipe IV y Carlos II, el establecimiento de un juro privativo para sus alimentos constituyó el origen fáctico de un nuevo patronato para irlandeses. La evolución de esta fórmula asistencial y la disposición regia para proteger a estas monjas expulsas reforzó la imagen piadosa de dichos monarcas, así como la continuidad de una praxis confesional de cierto alcance para los intereses de la monarquía de España en aquellos reinos del Norte.
La «ACN de JP» y sus primeras campañas de mítines sociales (1909-1910)
Authors: Sánchez Garrido Pablo
Published: January 2018

El objetivo de este artículo es el estudio de los primeros pasos de la ACN de JP durante los años fundacionales de 1909 y 1910. El artículo se centra en las grandes campañas de mítines públicos, desde las primeras de 1909 a la mayores de 1910. El texto también subraya la relación entre la ACN de JP y la Junta de Vizcaya, así como la decisiva relación con el nuncio español, Mons. Vico. La repercusión de estos actos públicos hizo posible que la ACN de JP emergiera pocos años después como líder del movimiento social y político católico y como germen de la futura democracia cristiana española.
Reinterpretación de la concepción artística y los tipos iconográficos paleocristianos, bizantinos y románicos en los mosaicos del Centro Aletti (Roma): el programa iconográfico de la capilla del Colegio Mayor San Pablo (Madrid, octubre de 2009)
Authors: Rodríguez Velasco María
Published: January 2018

La iconografía desarrollada en el ábside de la capilla del Colegio Mayor San Pablo es exponente de la obra del Centro Aletti, gran renovador del arte litúrgico actual. Su director, Marko Iván Rupnik, afirmando el valor del símbolo, reinterpreta las imágenes paleocristianas y medievales mediante el protagonismo del color y la materia como claves del lenguaje vanguardista. En esta capilla, estudiada en relación con otras obras del taller, se revela la unidad entre el mosaico y la arquitectura que decora.
Cutting Edge: Piezo1 Mechanosensors Optimize Human T Cell Activation
Authors: Liu Chinky Shiu Chen , Raychaudhuri Deblina , Paul Barnali , Chakrabarty Yogaditya , Ghosh Amrit Raj , Rahaman Oindrila , Talukdar Arindam , Ganguly Dipyaman
Published: January 2018

TCRs recognize peptides on MHC molecules and induce downstream signaling, leading to activation and clonal expansion. In addition to the strength of the interaction of TCRs with peptides on MHC molecules, mechanical forces contribute to optimal T cell activation, as reflected by the superior efficiency of immobilized TCR–cross-linking Abs compared with soluble Abs in TCR triggering, although a dedicated mechanotransduction module is not identified. We found that the professional mechanosensor protein Piezo1 is critically involved in human T cell activation. Although a deficiency in Piezo1 attenuates downstream events on ex vivo TCR triggering, a Piezo1 agonist can obviate the need to immobilize TCR–cross-linking Abs. Piezo1-driven Ca2+ influx, leading to calpain activation and organization of cortical actin scaffold, links this mechanosensor to optimal TCR signaling. Thus, we discovered a hitherto unknown regulatory mechanism for human T cell activation and provide the first evidence, to our knowledge, for the involvement of Piezo1 mechanosensors in immune regulation.
Effect of the riparian vegetation removal on the trophic network of Neotropical stream fish assemblage
Authors: Manoel Pedro Sartori , Uieda Virginia Sanches
Published: January 2018

The study of the diet of fish is an important tool to assess different levels of environmental degradation, since the availability of food in the environment is a key factor for the fish occurrence. The removal of riparian vegetation usually degrades environmental quality, as this vegetation has an important role in providing energy to the ecosystem. This study investigates the effects of the removal of riparian vegetation on the fish assemblage trophic network. The study was carried out in two stretches of a southeastern Brazilian stream, one in a forest fragment and another in a pasture, during the wet and dry seasons of 2014. We analyzed the items consumed by each fish species using the frequency of occurrence and area of each item, which were combined to calculate the alimentary index, which was used to determine the food niche overlap of the fish and the specialization index of the trophic network. Aquatic Hexapoda, vegetal debris and organic matter dominated the trophic network of the two stretches. We detected higher values of food niche overlap in the forested stretch and more complex trophic networks in the pasture stretch. We found few seasonal variations in the items consumed and calculated indices in both stretches studied. The presence of grass on the banks in the pasture stretch and the importation of food resources from the upstream area may have provided a higher diversity of resources and consequently showed a more complex trophic network when compared to the forested stretch.
Le rôle du laboratoire de diagnostic dans la maîtrise de l'élevage des animaux marins
Authors: Baudin-Laurencin Félix
Published: January 2018

Les particularités et la diversité des maladies affectant les pœcilo-thermes marins impliquent la compétence de pathologistes spécialisés disposant des moyens techniques d’un laboratoire de diagnostic. L’anamnèse, les symptômes et les lésions peuvent parfois permettre de suspecter le rôle de certains bio-agresseurs ou de facteurs liés à l’environnement ou à l’alimentation. Les étiologies bactériennes et parasitaires, parce qu’elles permettent souvent la mise en œuvre immédiate de thérapeutiques efficaces, seront cependant systématiquement recherchées.
Rôle épidémiologique des diverses espèces animales dans la contamination rabique de l’Homme en Europe
Authors: Blancou J. , Barrat J.
Published: January 2018

Après un rappel historique sur le développement et l’évolution des différents types de rage en Europe, les auteurs établissent les critères qui distinguent les espèces vectrices des espèces victimes dans l’épidémie.

Ils indiquent quel est le rôle joué dans la contamination de l’Homme par les espèces vectrices d’une part (ex. : Renard et Chien domestique dans l’Europe du Sud, mais aussi Chien viverrin et Chauve-souris) et par les espèces victimes de l’autre (ex. : Chien dans l’Europe du Nord, Chat, Herbivores).

Ces indications sont fondées sur des données biologiques précises concernant les espèces à l’origine de ces contaminations, la fréquence et le titre du virus réexcrété dans leurs glandes salivaires, etc.

Les auteurs concluent au moindre danger direct présenté pour l’Homme par les espèces sauvages mais au rôle important de relais joué par les espèces domestiques notamment les chiens et les herbivores.
Vaccinologie et vaccinovigilance
Authors: Joubert L. , Léry L. , Léry Nicole
Published: January 2018

Le concept actuel de la Vaccinologie recouvre un champ d’étude vaste et complexe relatif à l’application individuelle et collective des vaccins dans ses implications techniques, immunologiques, épidémiologiques, sociales, juridiques, déontologiques et éthiques, et dans la mise en jeu des responsabilités du vaccinateur, de l’institut producteur et de l’Administration.

Il assure l’émergence de la vaccinovigilance, qui concerne les rares événements inattendus ou indésirables observés dans les conditions habituelles d’emploi des vaccins.

Ainsi se trouve justifiée la proposition d’un comité spécialisé, sous l’égide des quatre Académies (Médecine, Pharmacie, Vétérinaire et Agriculture), composé d’experts et de praticiens, qui permettrait la permanente actualisation des règles générales et spéciales de la Vaccinologie.
Recherche de la neurotoxine (verotoxine) à partir de souches d' Escherichia coli isolées de diarrhée colibacillaire du porcelet sevré.
Authors: Dobrescu Lucia , Renault Lucien
Published: January 2018

Detection of neurotoxin (verotoxin) among escherichia coli porcine isolates from post-weaning diarrhoea.

Of 45 isolates of E. coli from pigs with post-weaning diarrhoea, mainly belonged to serogroup 0141 : K85, 66 per cent produce neurotoxin (NT ou VT) and 60 per cent both neurotoxin and heat-labile enterotoxin (LT). These data confirmed the existence Of mixed strains in weaned pigs with enteric disease and offered an opportunity for a new study of a medical prevention with ST, LT and VT vaccines.
L'ingénierie des protéines, ses techniques et ses objectifs
Authors: Morre M.
Published: January 2018

Protein engineering techniques and objectives.

Through the use of site directed mutagenesis, cell or gene fusion, chemical modification, it is now possible to have access to second generation proteins. This allow us to improve their function, their affinity, their half life, etc. One of the main concern and urgent need will also be to modify their immunogenicity.
La réinnervation d’un muscle squelettique par des fibres vagales centripètes peut-elle être utilisée comme méthode d’étude des récepteurs vagaux ?
Authors: Rousseau Jean-Paul
Published: January 2018

Can the reinnervation of a skeletal muscle by centripetal vagal fibres be used as study method for vagal receptors.

Fibres of the stemo-cleido-mastoid muscle (so called mastoïdo-humeral in sheep) normally innervated by effects of the accessory nerve have been reinnervated by centripetal fibres of the vagus nerve after supranodose vagal-accessory nerve anastomoses. Evidence that there was reinnervation of the muscle by centripetal vagal fibres was provided from the observations that 1) electrical stimulations of the anastomosed cervical vagus nerve elicited potentials in the reinnervated muscle, 2) discharges recorded as bursts of electromyographic potentials occurred during spantaneous movements of larynx, respiratory tract, oesophagus and stomach, 3) electri-
La découverte par Cuillé et Chelle des «maladies virales lentes» à l’Ecole Vétérinaire de Toulouse dans les années 30 : un témoignage à l’ombre des «inventeurs» !
Authors: Barrairon Émile
Published: January 2018

Dans les années trente J. Cuillé et P.-L. Chelle, tous deux professeurs à l’Ecole Vétérinaire de Toulouse (France) démontrent que la tremblante du mouton est transmissible et que la période d'incubation est très longue, deux ans parfois. L’auteur qui a été témoin de leurs recherches dans le Service de Pathologie du Bétail en décrit l’ambiance, retrace la carrière de ces deux excellents enseignants et brillants chercheurs, rappelle le déroulement des expériences décisives et la publication des résultats dans le scepticisme puis l’oubli.

Avec le recul du temps Cuillé et Chelle apparaissent comme les «inventeurs de la notion de maladies virales à évolution lente ». Ces dernières qui présentent un très grand et très actuel intérêt en pathologie comparée suscitent de nombreuses recherches dans le monde et ont valu en 1976 au médecin américain D.C. Gajdusek le prix Nobel de médecine. (44 références).
Les infections virales à évolution lente. Historique et actualité
Authors: Savey Marc
Published: January 2018

L'auteur retrace l'évolution des connaissances concernant la tremblante et les autres maladies à virus lents de la fin du XIXe siècle à nos jours en insistant tout particulièrement sur les encéphalopathies spongiformes de l'homme et des animaux. Il distingue trois périodes. La période initiale est marquée par les travaux de Cuillé et Chelle et ceux de Sigurds-son. La deuxième période est caractérisée par la prise en considération des maladies à virus lents en médecine humaine grâce au rapprochement : effectué entre la tremblante, le kuru et la maladie de Creutzfeldt-Jakob au sein du groupe des encéphalopathies spongiformes subaiguës. La troisième période est dominée par l’apport des techniques les plus modernes de la biologie qui permettent d'aboutir au concept unificateur de prion, alors qu’apparaît une nouvelle affection chez les bovins, l’encéphalopathie spongiforme bovine.
The WeIzmann Supercooled Droplets Observation on a Microarray (WISDOM) and application for ambient dust
Authors: Reicher Naama , Segev Lior , Rudich Yinon
Published: January 2018

Abstract. The WeIzmann Supercooled Droplets Observation on Microarray (WISDOM)
is a new setup for studying ice nucleation in an array of
monodisperse droplets for atmospheric implications. WISDOM combines
microfluidics techniques for droplets production and a cryo-optic
stage for observation and characterization of freezing events of
individual droplets. This setup is designed to explore
heterogeneous ice nucleation in the immersion freezing mode, down to
the homogeneous freezing of water (235 K) in various cooling
rates (typically 0.1–10 K min−1). It can also be used
for studying homogeneous freezing of aqueous solutions in colder
temperatures. Frozen fraction, ice nucleation active surface site
densities and freezing kinetics can be obtained from WISDOM
measurements for hundreds of individual droplets in a single
freezing experiment. Calibration experiments using eutectic
solutions and previously studied materials are described. WISDOM
also allows repeatable cycles of cooling and heating
for the same array of droplets. This paper describes the WISDOM
setup, its temperature calibration, validation experiments and
measurement uncertainties. Finally, application of WISDOM to study
the ice nucleating particle (INP) properties of size-selected ambient Saharan dust particles
is presented.
Multi-scale analysis of compressible fluctuations in the solar wind
Authors: Roberts Owen W. , Narita Yasuhito , Escoubet C.-Philippe
Published: January 2018

Abstract. Compressible plasma turbulence is investigated in the
fast solar wind at proton kinetic scales by the combined use of electron
density and magnetic field measurements. Both the scale-dependent
cross-correlation (CC) and the reduced magnetic helicity
(σm) are used in tandem to determine the properties of the
compressible fluctuations at proton kinetic scales. At inertial scales the
turbulence is hypothesised to contain a mixture of Alfvénic and slow waves,
characterised by weak magnetic helicity and anti-correlation between magnetic
field strength B and electron density ne. At proton kinetic scales the
observations suggest that the fluctuations have stronger positive magnetic
helicities as well as strong anti-correlations within the frequency range
studied. These results are interpreted as being characteristic of either
counter-propagating kinetic Alfvén wave packets or a mixture of
anti-sunward kinetic Alfvén waves along with a component of kinetic slow
waves. Keywords. Interplanetary physics (MHD waves and turbulence)
Computerized versus hand-scored health literacy tools: a comparison of Simple Measure of Gobbledygook (SMOG) and Flesch-Kincaid in printed patient education materials
Authors: Leonard Grabeel Kelsey , Russomanno Jennifer , Oelschlegel Sandy , Tester Emily , Heidel Robert Eric
Published: January 2018

Objective: The research compared and contrasted hand-scoring and computerized methods of evaluating the grade level of patient education materials that are distributed at an academic medical center in east Tennessee and sought to determine if these materials adhered to the American Medical Association’s (AMA’s) recommended reading level of sixth grade.Methods: Librarians at an academic medical center located in the heart of Appalachian Tennessee initiated the assessment of 150 of the most used printed patient education materials. Based on the Flesch-Kincaid (F-K) scoring rubric, 2 of the 150 documents were excluded from statistical comparisons due to the absence of text (images only). Researchers assessed the remaining 148 documents using the hand-scored Simple Measure of Gobbledygook (SMOG) method and the computerized F-K grade level method. For SMOG, 3 independent reviewers hand-scored each of the 150 documents. For F-K, documents were analyzed using Microsoft Word. Reading grade levels scores were entered into a database for statistical analysis. Inter-rater reliability was calculated using intra-class correlation coefficients (ICC). Paired t-tests were used to compare readability means.Results: Acceptable inter-rater reliability was found for SMOG (ICC=0.95). For the 148 documents assessed, SMOG produced a significantly higher mean reading grade level (M=9.6, SD=1.3) than F-K (M=6.5, SD=1.3; p<0.001). Additionally, when using the SMOG method of assessment, 147 of the 148 documents (99.3%) scored above the AMA’s recommended reading level of sixth grade.Conclusions: Computerized health literacy assessment tools, used by many national patient education material providers, might not be representative of the actual reading grade levels of patient education materials. This is problematic in regions like Appalachia because materials may not be comprehensible to the area’s low-literacy patients. Medical librarians have the potential to advance their role in patient education to better serve their patient populations.
Dietetic interns’ perceptions and use of evidence-based practice: an exploratory study
Authors: Hinrichs Rachel J.
Published: January 2018

Objective: This study explored dietetic interns’ perceptions and knowledge of evidence-based practice (EBP), their use and observation of EBP principles during their clinical rotations, and their intentions to use EBP in their careers.Methods: A mixed methods design combining a survey and focus group was employed. Dietetic interns (n=16) from a large Midwestern university were recruited in person and via email to participate in the survey, focus group, or both. Perceptions and experiences of EBP were analyzed through the focus group (qualitative), and EBP knowledge and clinical practice behaviors were analyzed through the survey (quantitative). The focus group discussion was recorded, transcribed, and analyzed using thematic analysis.Results: Four major themes emerged from the focus group data: (1) observations of EBP in clinical practice, (2) use of EBP during clinical rotations, (3) barriers to EBP, and (4) perceived use of EBP as future registered dietitians. Interns considered EBP important for their profession and future careers. They struggled, however, with the discrepancies between current research and practice, and highlighted differences that they observed and barriers that they experienced across different clinical settings.Conclusions: This exploratory study is the first to examine dietetic interns’ perceptions of and experiences with EBP in the clinical setting. Future research is needed to identify how dietetics educators, librarians, and preceptors can address the barriers that interns perceive in applying EBP in their internships.
Slack
Authors: Johnson Heather A
Published: January 2018

Slack is a cloud-based digital workspace and information management system used to manage productivity and improve team efficiency
Building a body of knowledge: sickle cell and libraries
Authors: Nollan Richard H.
Published: January 2018

Lemuel Whitley Diggs spent his career seeking a cure for sickle cell anemia. As with many successful researchers, his work was informed by the publications that he found in the medical library. This article describes Diggs’s relationship to the library as an integral part of his research methodology.
Roles for librarians in systematic reviews: a scoping review
Authors: Spencer Angela J. , Eldredge Jonathan D.
Published: January 2018

Objective: What roles do librarians and information professionals play in conducting systematic reviews? Librarians are increasingly called upon to be involved in systematic reviews, but no study has considered all the roles that librarians can perform. This inventory of existing and emerging roles aids in defining librarians’ systematic reviews services.Methods: For this scoping review, the authors conducted controlled vocabulary and text-word searches in the PubMed; Library, Information Science & Technology Abstracts; and CINAHL databases. We separately searched for articles published in the Journal of the European Association for Health Information and Libraries, Evidence Based Library and Information Practice, the Journal of the Canadian Heath Libraries Association, and Hypothesis. We also text-word searched Medical Library Association annual meeting poster and paper abstracts.Results: We identified 18 different roles filled by librarians and other information professionals in conducting systematic reviews from 310 different articles, book chapters, and presented papers and posters. Some roles were well known such as searching, source selection, and teaching. Other less documented roles included planning, question formulation, and peer review. We summarize these different roles and provide an accompanying bibliography of references for in-depth descriptions of these roles.Conclusion: Librarians play central roles in systematic review teams, including roles that go beyond searching. This scoping review should encourage librarians who are fulfilling roles that are not captured here to document their roles in journal articles and poster and paper presentations. This article has been approved for the Medical Library Association’s Independent Reading Program.
Subject Clitics: New Evidence from Old Nubian
Authors: van Gerven Oei Vincent W.J.
Published: January 2018

This article treats a set of subject cross-referencing morphemes in the medieval Nilo-Saharan language Old Nubian, traditionally called “personal endings.” Based on an analysis of their syntactic distribution and morphology, I argue that this set can be best described as a set of subject clitics, originally deriving from phonologically reduced pronominals. This set of subject clitics interacts with both topic and focus makers in the clause. Finally, by inspecting the historical development of Old Nubian subject clitics into full-fledged agreement suffixes modern Nile Nubian languages Nobiin and Mattokki (Kenzi) I argue that a purely syntactical approach to this development is impracticable, but that any morpho-phonological approach should be able to account for the diachronic data.
Generación de biogás mediante el proceso de digestión anaerobia, a partir del aprovechamiento de sustratos orgánicos
Authors: Reyes Aguilera Edwin Antonio
Published: January 2018

El presente artículo tuvo como propósito la conveniencia de abordar una revisión bibliográfica e identificar si existe una o varias teorías con abundante y buen nivel de evidencia aplicable al tema del biogás generado por diferentes sustratos orgánicos. Para la localización de los documentos bibliográficos se utilizaron varias fuentes documentales, se realizó búsqueda en “google académico”. Se seleccionaron aquellos documentos que informasen sobre los aspectos formales que debía contener el tema en mención, artículos científicos, tesis doctorales, metodologías utilizadas por diferentes autores, para determinar la selección de la bibliografía encontrada se hizo respecto a la calidad metodológica y si cumplen con los criterios de calidad científica buscada. Se elaboró una estructura lógica que va introduciendo de forma secuencial y razonable la información, de tal manera que el articulo está mejor redactado y permite una fácil lectura y comprensión. Como resultado, se puede decir, que existe diversidad de literatura sobre el tema de estudio sobre el cual se ha recogido información y se puede afirmar que existe información de todo tipo y con diferente nivel científico por lo cual se considera no haber inconvenientes respecto a la literatura existente para el abordaje de una tesis doctoral.
Interrelations of Characters and Multivariate Analysis in Corn
Authors: Szareski Vinícius Jardel , Carvalho Ivan Ricardo , Kehl Kassiana , Pelegrin Alan Junior de , Nardino Maicon , Demari Gustavo Henrique , Barbosa Mauricio Horbach , Lautenchleger Francine , Smaniotto Djonimar , Aumonde Tiago Zanatta , Pedó Tiago , Souza Velci Queiróz de
Published: January 2018

The objective of this work was to evaluate the agronomic performance of corn hybrids, the interrelations of the characters with the grain yield, and to genetically discriminate the corn hybrids by means of the dispersion analysis of the canonical variables. The experiment was conducted in the agricultural crop of 2013/2014, in an area belonging to the Federal University of Santa Maria, Campus of Frederico Westphalen, RS. The experimental design was a randomized block design, with four replications. The treatments were composed of seven maize hybrids with different genetic bases and maturation cycles. The LG 6304 modified simple hybrid has higher grain yield than the others. The characters plant height, spike insertion height and number of grains per row of spike have positive interrelations with grain yield of corn hybrids. Hybrids are not grouped according to the genetic basis and maturation cycle. The canonical variables explain 94.62% of the existing genetic variation, and allows the formation of five groups of maize hybrids.
Antagonistic Effects of Java against Plant Parasitic Nematodes
Authors: Miamoto Angelica , Dias-Arieira Cláudia Regina , Puerari Heriksen Higashi , Mioranza Thaísa Muriel , Pereira Carolina Bertuzzi
Published: January 2018

One of the main phytonematode control alternatives is the use of antagonistic plants in crop rotation or succession systems. Although java legume shows antagonist potential to control Meloidogyne javanica, its reaction to other nematodes was not investigated so far. Thus, the aim of the current study is to assess the penetration and reproduction factor (RF) of M. incognita, Rotylenchulus reniformis and Pratylenchus brachyurus in java, using soybean as control. Plants individually inoculated with 1000 specimens from each nematode were assessed 5, 10, 15, 20, 25 and 30 days after inoculation (DAI) for nematode penetration and development. The RF was assessed under two inoculum levels of each nematode (1000 and 700 specimens) 60 days after inoculation, for M. incognita and R. reniformis; and 80 days after inoculation, for P. brachyurus. Meloidogyne incognita and R. reniformis showed lower penetration and reproduction in java (RF < 1), whereas P. brachyurus showed higher penetration and RF > 1. Thus, the java legume can be considered resistant to M. incognita and R. reniformis, as well as susceptible to P. brachyurus.
Percepción del Tamaño Corporal e Insatisfacción en Niños de 3 a 6 Años: Una Revisión Sistemática
Authors: León María-Pilar , González-Martí Irene , Fernández-Bustos Juan-Gregorio , Contreras Onofre
Published: January 2018

perception and dissatisfaction.  Though most research studies focus on adolescence and adulthood, dissatisfaction problems are manifesting themselves at increasingly early ages.  The aim of this study was, therefore, to analyse the most significant findings on body dissatisfaction and body-size perception among children aged 3 to 6 (second cycle of pre-school education).  To this end the Medline, SportDiscus, Scopus, ScienceDirect, Dialnet, ProQuest and EBSCO databases were used, and from which a total of 22 studies were selected in accordance with exclusion criteria such as language, peer review and the objective measurement of the body mass index (BMI) of children.  In terms of levels of dissatisfaction, results vary widely, making it impossible to draw sound conclusions on the nature and prevalence of this variable at these ages.  The main reasons for this include the type of instrument used and the difficulties children had in perceiving their bodies correctly.
Implicación de la memoria visoespacial y fonológica en la heterogeneidad clínica del Trastorno por Déficit de Atención con Hiperactividad (TDAH)
Authors: Gallego Martínez Ana , Fenollar Cortés Javier , García Sevilla Julia
Published: January 2018

Introduction: The interest in studying the neuropsychological deficits that lie behind ADHD, among which the Working Memory (WM) stands out in its visuospatial and phonological dimensions, has been on increase. The aim of the current study was to explore the performance differences concerning the short-term memory and the visuospatial and phonological working memory among control and clinical groups acknowledging the clinical heterogeneity of the disorder.

Method: A group of 76 children with a prior diagnosis of ADHD was divided by the clinical subtype of the disorder: ADHD predominantly inattentive (n = 26, age M = 10,9, SD = 1,8; 66% male), and combined ADHD (n = 50, age M = 10.8, DT = 1.9; 61.5% male). Additionally, a control group of typically developing children was formed (n = 40, age M = 10.2, SD = 1.9; 57.5% male). Both groups completed a task battery to aimed to measure the short-term memory, as well as the visuospatial and phonological working memory.

Results: The ADHD group showed a decreased performance at visuospatial (Corsi Block Task), as well as phonological (WISC Letter-Number Sequencing) working memory tasks. The decreased performance was consistent among the clinical subtypes. The dimensions of ADHD and the performance output in the neuropsychological tasks used in the study were not related.

Discussion: This study offers empirical evidence to the hypothesis that suggests that children with ADHD show a poor performance than controls at Working Memory tasks, including both visuospatial and phonological WM. In addition, the results of the study suggested that there is no correlation between the dimensions of the ADHD and the performance output in the Working Memory tasks.
DISTINCTION AND DIFFERENCE: REVISITING THE QUESTION OF TASTE
Authors: Rebentisch Juliane
Published: January 2018

The essay discusses the logic of distinction under the sign of the contemporary culture of difference and proposes a discussion of the relationship between taste and contemporary art. The recent trend toward greater individualization might have rendered social codes more permeable. But this state of affairs is neither the opposite of the standardization nor does it imply that the social logic of distinction has been suspended. It has merely undergone further differentiation, but without abolishing the signifiers of status. On the one hand art as a commodity partakes in the respective developments, on the other, certain strands in contemporary art can also be read as opposing the subject of aesthetic experience to the subject of consumerist taste.
Comportamiento de las correlaciones producto-momento y tetracórica-policórica en escalas ordinales: un estudio de simulación
Authors: Martínez-Abad Fernando , Rodríguez-Conde María José
Published: January 2018

El análisis estadístico multivariante de escalas de respuesta tipo Likert, dado su empleo generalizado, resulta un tema controvertido en la comunidad científica, principalmente desde la especificación del problema de la medida. Este trabajo tiene como objeto estudiar cómo afectan diversas condiciones de estas escalas ordinales al cálculo de los coeficientes de correlación producto-momento y tetracórico-policórico. Para ello, se aplica un estudio de simulación en el que se generaron 90 bases de datos con 10 ítems cada una, controlando las siguientes variables: número de categorías de respuesta, distribución simétrica o asimétrica de los datos, tamaño de la muestra y nivel de relación entre los ítems. Así, se obtuvieron 90 matrices (10x10) que incluyeron la diferencia entre la correlación producto-momento y tetracórica-policórica. El análisis gráfico y de varianza muestran cómo el coeficiente de correlación producto-momento infravalora la relación entre las variables de manera importante principalmente cuando el número de opciones de respuesta de la escala ordinal es pequeño y la relación entre las variables grande. Por su parte, las estimaciones de ambos coeficientes son muy similares cuando la relación de partida entre las parejas de variables es pequeña y/o cuando el número de opciones de respuesta de las variables es mayor que 5. Se concluye realizando una recomendación al investigador aplicado sobre el coeficiente de correlación más apropiado en función del tipo de datos disponibles, y se discuten los resultados con estudios previos que alcanzan algunas conclusiones similares.
Luther‘s Legacy and the Origins of Kenotic Christology
Authors: Law David R.
Published: January 2018

The theological energies released by Martin Luther in 1517 created a set of
theological insights and problems that eventually led to the development of
kenotic Christology (i. e., the view that in order for the Son of God to become
incarnate and live a genuinely human life, he emptied himself of his divine
prerogatives or attributes). This article traces how kenotic Christology
originated in the Eucharistic Controversy between Luther and Zwingli, before
receiving its first extensive treatment in the debate between the Lutheran
theologians of Tübingen and Giessen in,the early seventeenth century. Attention
then turns to the nine-teenth century, when doctrinal tensions resulting from
the enforced union of the Prussian Lutheran and Reformed churches created the
conditions for a new flowering of kenotic Christology in the theologies of Ernst
Sartorius and, subsequently, Gottfried Thomasius. Kenotic Christology ultimately
originates with Luther, however, for it owes its existence to the creative
theological energies he unleashed and which remain his lasting legacy.
Forensic analysis of video steganography tools
Authors: Sloan Thomas , Hernandez-Castro Julio
Published: January 2018

Steganography is the art and science of concealing information in such a way that only the sender and intended recipient of a message should be aware of its presence. Digital steganography has been used in the past on a variety of media including executable files, audio, text, games and, notably, images. There is increasing research interest towards the use of video as a media for steganography. This is, at least in part, due to its pervasive nature and good embedding capabilities. In this article, we examine the embedding algorithms and security characteristics of several video steganography tools. We conclude that many feature basic and severe weaknesses. This constitutes a serious threat to those using these applications, some of which have perfectly legal or ethical reasons to do so, such as those whose freedom of speech is superseded by oppressive regimes, whistle-blowers, journalists, etc. As a result of our findings, we strongly recommend to cease any use of these tools, and to remove any contents that may have been hidden, exchanged and/or uploaded online. For many of these tools, carrier files will be trivial to detect, potentially compromising any hidden data. We finish this work by presenting our steganalytic results, that highlight a very poor state of the art in practical video steganography tools. As there is a complete lack of secure and publicly available tools, both free and commercial, we therefore encourage the steganography community to work towards the development of more secure and accessible video steganography tools for the general public. The results presented in this work can also be seen as a useful resource for forensic examiners to determine the existence of any video steganography materials over the course of a computer forensic investigation.
Evolutionary ecology of microorganisms: from the tamed to the wild
Authors: Lennon Jay T , Denef Vincent J
Published: January 2018

An overarching goal of biology is to understand how evolutionary and ecological processes generate and maintain biodiversity. While evolutionary biologists interested in biodiversity tend to focus on the mechanisms controlling rates of evolution and how this influences the phylogenetic relationship among species, ecologists attempt to explain the distribution and abundance of taxa based upon interactions among species and their environment. Recently, a more concerted effort has been made to integrate some of the theoretical and empirical approaches from the fields of ecology and evolutionary biology. This integration has been motivated in part by the growing evidence that evolution can happen on “rapid” or contemporary time scales, suggesting that eco-evolutionary feedbacks can alter system dynamics in ways that cannot be predicted based on ecological principles alone. As such, it may be inappropriate to ignore evolutionary processes when attempting to understand ecological phenomena in natural and managed ecosystems. In this chapter, we highlight why it is particularly important to consider eco-evolutionary feedbacks for microbial populations. We emphasize some of the major processes that are thought to influence the strength of eco-evolutionary dynamics, provide an overview of methods used to quantify the relative importance of ecology and evolution, and showcase the importance of considering evolution in a community context and how this may influence the dynamics and stability of microbial systems under novel environmental conditions.
Workload assessment for mental arithmetic tasks using the task-evoked pupillary response
Authors: Marquart Gerhard , de Winter Joost
Published: January 2018

Pupillometry is a promising method for assessing mental workload and could be helpful in the optimization of systems that involve human-computer interaction. The present study focuses on replicating the pupil diameter study by Ahern (1978) for mental multiplications of varying difficulty, using an automatic remote eye tracker. Our results showed that the findings of Ahern were replicated and that the mean pupil diameter and mean pupil diameter change (MPDC) discriminated just as well between the three difficulty levels as did a self-report questionnaire of mental workload (NASA-TLX). A higher mean blink rate was observed during the multiplication period for the highest level of difficulty in comparison with the other two levels. Moderate to strong correlations were found between the MPDC and the proportion of incorrect responses, indicating that the MPDC was higher for participants with a lower performance. For practical applications, validity could be improved by combining pupillometry with other physiological techniques.