bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Current attitudes of junior medical university students towards healthy lifestyle
Authors:   Prof. V.F. Voino-Yasenetsky Krasnoyarsk State Medical University of the Ministry of Healthcare of the Russian Federation, Sindeeva Lyudmila V. , Toropova Galina V. , Romanova Elena V.
Published: September 2023

The article presents the results of a study of the attitude of junior medical university students to the problems of a healthy lifestyle and the factors of its formation. The results of the survey showed that students put the right meaning into the concept of ‘health’, confirming the generally accepted formulation of the term healthy lifestyle. 62±8.68% of the surveyed students called their own health good, but 5±3.89% are constantly taking medications. As the survey showed, these are more often chronic diseases of the musculoskeletal system and gastrointestinal tract. 77±7.25% of medical students indicated the need to lead a healthy lifestyle, but lack of time and lack of necessary strong-willed qualities sometimes prevent them from leading a healthy lifestyle. The risk factors for their health include stressful situations, more often associated with academic activities and financial difficulties, a violation of the diet or diet. The majority of students surveyed answered that they do not smoke — 87±6.01%, and 93±4.56% of students have never tried narcotic or toxic substances. The interviewed students give a good assessment of the activities of the FGBOU VO KrasSMU n.a. Prof. Voino-Yasenetsky Ministry of Health of Russia to create favorable conditions for the formation of a healthy lifestyle.
Features of the social status of Russian nationalists (Based on publications by representatives of public associations of Russian nationalists)
Authors:   Academy of Management of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia, Kozyrev Maxim S.
Published: September 2023

The aim of the study of this article is to determine the social status and environment of Russian nationalists. The study is based on the relationship of social reality and ideology. The latter is not only a cover for or justification by certain social groups of their momentary interests (private ideology), but also a reflection of the social position that they occupy (total ideology). As a research method used a classical analysis of documents. The analysis was primarily carried out by publications of leaders of public associations, which, as it seems, are a marker of groups occupying counter-elite social and political positions. The social status and environment of representatives of Russian nationalist associations in the Russian Federation is determined. In particular, it was found that the only significant resource for nationalists is ideological, which they seek to convert into electoral support. In addition to the indicated, apparently, they have at their disposal a certain amount of educational and qualification resource. The economic resource available to Russian nationalists allows us not to think about “daily bread,” but it makes it possible to use it to increase our social status. It seems that nationalism is the lot of relatively closed social groups, mainly residents of large cities. Free ideological niche formed after the collapse of the USSR; loss of previous social status; the system of economic and socio-political relations of modern Russia, which provides little chance for those who intend to carry out an upward social movement other than by seizing political power, have become the reasons for the choice of the ideology of nationalism by the indicated social groups.
Teorías de la segmentación del mercado de trabajo
Authors: Neffa Julio César
Published: September 2023

El artículo se propone pasar en revista las principales versiones de las teorías de la segmentación de los mercados de trabajo gestadas en el siglo XX y que siguen teniendo vigencia. En su origen se enfocaron en mostrar las insuficiencias de las teorías neoclásicas según las cuales los agentes que operan en el mercado son homogéneos y las barreras a la movilidad provienen en parte de las limitaciones técnicas existentes para sustituir trabajo por capital y reemplazar a trabajadores con diferentes calificaciones profesionales. La segmentación seria producida entonces por la imperfección temporaria de los mercados, sin asignar responsabili-dades a los empresarios que generan la diferenciación entre mercados internos y externos, primarios y secundarios, para evitar que caigan las tasas de ganancia. Los autores de estas teorías escribieron cuando estaba vigente el modo de desarrollo keynesiano-fordista (1945-1974), pero hoy en día la precarización del empleo y la diversificación de las formas especificas o particulares de empleo le han dado actualidad. Entre las causas señaladas figura la importancia de las instituciones, de las políticas de empleo y de la legislación del trabajo flexibilizadora.
A Cross Sectional Analysis of Etiology of Anemia Among Elderly Patients
Authors: AKMAN Tuğçe , ARICA Deniz , HATİPOĞLU Buğra , ARSLANOĞLU Enes , KOCA Ebru , KARAKUŞ Sema , AKI Şahika Zeynep
Published: September 2023

The aim of this study is to evaluate the etiology and features of anemia in elderly patients from the perspective of hematology and to determine the rate of unexplained anemia. The medical records of elderly patients over the age of 65 who applied to the Hematology Department of Ankara Baskent University Hospital between January 2015 and January 2020 were retrospectively analyzed. According to WHO criteria, the threshold value accepted for anemia was Hb <12 g/dL for women and <13 g/dL for men. The prevalence of anemia was 18% among 3330 elderly patients. The ratio of women to men diagnosed with anemia was 1.5:1, and the mean age was 77.34±8.32. The mean Hb value was 9.79±1.75 g/dl and decreased significantly with advancing age (p<0.001). Polypharmacy was present in 68.3% of the patients. The etiological distribution of anemia was nutritional anemia in 339 (56.5%), hematologic malignancy in 127 (21.1%), anemia of chronic disease in 125 (20.8%), and unexplained anemia in 58 (9.7%) patients. 72% of the patients with indications for bone marrow biopsy had the procedure. Anemia in the elderly is a challenging issue due to comorbidity, polypharmacy, and problems in further examination. Hematological evaluation of anemia in elderly patients will reduce the rate of unexplained anemia. Patient selection for invasive procedures should be based on a risk-benefit ratio in frail elderly patients.
Comparing microsurgical breast reconstruction outcomes following postoperative monitoring techniques: a systematic review and meta-analysis of 2529 patients
Authors: Foppiani Jose A. , Valentine Lauren , Hernandez Alvarez Angelica , Weidman Allan , Stearns Stephen , Foster Lacey , Devi Karthika , Albakri Khaled , Lin Samuel J.
Published: September 2023

Aims: This paper aims to assess the existing evidence regarding oximetry and thermography by comparing postoperative rates of complications following microsurgical breast reconstruction.

Methods: A systematic review of PubMed, Web of Science, and Cochrane was completed. A qualitative and quantitative analysis of all included studies was then performed.

Results: Fourteen studies were included with a total population of 2,529 female patients who underwent microvascular breast reconstruction, ultimately totaling 3,289 flaps. The mean age for the cohorts included in this study ranged from 48.9 to 57 years of age. A total of 15 complete flap losses were reported. Furthermore, this meta-analysis of proportion showed that total flap loss experienced was 0% (95%CI 0%-100%) for patients monitored with thermography compared to 0% (95%CI 0%-1%) for those monitored with oximetry. Partial flap loss occurred at a frequency of 1% [95% confidence interval (CI) 0%-73%] for patients monitored with thermography compared to 1% (95%CI 0%-2%) for those monitored with oximetry. Furthermore, the results of this study showed that thermography prompted a return to the operating room (OR) in 1% (95%CI 0%-73%) of the patients compared to 5% (95%CI 3%-9%) for oximetry. Lastly, the overall complication rate was 12% (95%CI 1%-54%) for patients monitored with thermography compared to 10% (95%CI 4%-21%) for those monitored with oximetry.

Conclusion: Ultimately, this meta-analysis concludes that while oximetry monitoring currently has strong evidence for improving flap outcomes, trends in the current data indicate that further studies may demonstrate that thermography may be comparable to oximetry in achieving similar patient outcomes.
The medial plantar artery: anatomy and implications in local flaps of the foot
Authors: Masadeh Suhail B. , Liette Michael D.
Published: September 2023

The medial plantar artery (MPA), as a terminal branch of the posterior tibial artery, provides perfusion to the musculature of the medial compartment of the plantar foot as well as cutaneous branches to the skin. The artery and its perforators serve as the foundation for several flaps based on various soft tissue components for the coverage of small defects of the foot. Most noteworthy is the fasciocutaneous flap, which utilizes the skin and the unique properties of the plantar foot. Understanding the anatomical relationship of the terminal branches of the MPA, the superficial and deep branches, is necessary in determining the type of tissue and the flap design to be utilized for reconstruction.
Microplastics in the cryosphere - a potential time bomb?
Authors: Gaylarde Christine C. , Baptista Neto José Antônio , da Fonseca Estefan M.
Published: September 2023

Microplastics (MPs) have been detected in many parts of the world in snow, hail, sea ice, glaciers, and permafrost. The ubiquity of microplastic around the globe means that there is a need to focus on its circulation dynamics in the Earth's diverse ecosystems; the prominence of MP fibers, which has been indicated as of human clothing and activities, in high altitude frozen water is explained by their enhanced suspension in the air, allowing them to be transported over long distances from urban centers. The MP particles can act as nucleation centers for ice crystals and, once incorporated, reduce the albedo (reflective capacity) of the frozen mass, causing temperature increases. However, cores have indicated that ice in glaciers may remain frozen for thousands of years. This article reviews the quantities and types of MPs that have been detected in snow, hail, sea ice, and glaciers. The potential for release of these, as well as MPs in the permafrost, following global warming, is discussed. As the global warming process evolves, these sites will act as additional sources of MPs accumulated over the course of recent human history. It is important to be aware of the future entry of microplastic into the global environment from these sources, especially into the already fragile extreme ecosystems of the cryosphere.
Modeling Cooperation and Competition in Biological Communities
Authors:   Faculdade de Filosofia, Ciências e Letras de Ribeirão Preto (FFCLRP), Universidade de São Paulo (USP), Meloni F. , Nakamura G.M. ,   Instituto de Fisica de São Carlos (IFSC), Universidade de São Paulo (USP), Grammaticos B. ,   Université de Paris, Martinez A.S. ,   Faculdade de Filosofia, Ciências e Letras de Ribeirão Preto (FFCLRP), Universidade de São Paulo (USP), Badoual M. ,   Université de Paris
Published: September 2023

The far-reaching consequences of ecological interactions in the dynamics of biological communities remain an intriguing subject. For decades, competition has been a cornerstone in ecological processes, but mounting evidence shows that cooperation does also contribute to the structure of biological communities. Here, we propose a simple deterministic model for the study of the effects of facilitation and competition in the dynamics of such systems. The simultaneous inclusion of both effects produces rich dynamics and captures the context dependence observed in the formation of ecological communities. Our findings reproduce relevant aspects in plant succession and highlight the role of facilitation mechanisms in species coexistence and conservation efforts.
Estado del conocimiento técnico y uso de la mampostería en Ecuador Deficiencia de los programas locales de educación superior en ciencias de la construcción = State of technical knowledge and use of masonry in Ecuador Shortcomings of local higher education programs in construction sciences
Authors: Cajamarca-Zúñiga David , Campos-Vivar Daniel
Published: September 2023

El territorio de la República del Ecuador presenta una alta sismicidad. En Ecuador el 95.9% de estructuras de vivienda son construidas con el uso de mamposterías. Se observa que entre los profesionales de la construcción en Ecuador existe un desconocimiento generalizado sobre las propiedades de los materiales constitutivos de las mamposterías y las normas para su diseño estructural. Tal desconocimiento ha generado la proliferación de construcciones que no cumplen con estándares técnicos de sismorresistencia y seguridad estructural, lo que puede generar considerables pérdidas económicas y sobre todo poner en riesgo la integridad física de las personas. El objetivo de esta investigación es determinar de manera cuantitativa la realidad local sobre el conocimiento técnico y uso de mamposterías en Ecuador. Los resultados evidencian principalmente que, el 82% de profesionales de la construcción son profesionales jóvenes; el 33.8% no supera los 30 años de edad; el 51.2% posee una experiencia profesional menor a 5 años; el 71% nunca o casi nunca realiza el diseño estructural incluyendo las mamposterías como elementos del sistema estructural; el 81% nunca recibió contenidos académicos sobre diseño estructural de mamposterías durante sus estudios superiores en Ecuador; existe un desconocimiento generalizado sobre las propiedades mecánicas de los materiales para mamposterías y la norma ecuatoriana para el diseño de mampostería estructural presenta importantes falencias.AbstractThe territory of the Republic of Ecuador has a high seismicity. In Ecuador, 95.9% of housing structures are built with the use of masonry. It is observed that among construction professionals in Ecuador there is a general lack of knowledge about the properties of the constituent materials of masonry and the standards for their structural design. This lack of knowledge has led to the proliferation of constructions that do not comply with technical standards of seismic resistance and structural safety, which can generate considerable economic losses and, above all, put the physical integrity of people at risk. The objective of this research is to quantitatively determine the local reality of the technical knowledge and use of masonry in Ecuador. The results show that 82% of construction professionals are young professionals; 33.8% are under 30 years of age; 51.2% have less than 5 years of professional experience; 71% never or almost never carry out structural design including masonry as elements of the structural system; 81% never received academic content on structural design of masonry during their higher education in Ecuador; there is a general lack of knowledge about the mechanical properties of masonry materials and the Ecuadorian standard for the design of structural masonry has significant shortcomings.
Pendampingan Manajemen Bisnis untuk Usaha Mikro Kecil dan Menengah Keripik Pisang Banana Bobs
Authors: Koesurya Aldo , Kang Ardyanto , Angelo Bill , Rahardja Clara Monica , Felicia  , Carissa Lisa , William Octavius , Pranoto Titin
Published: September 2023

This community service activity (PKM) is a business management mentorship that aims to increase efficiency and effectiveness in the productivity of the selected partner business, namely Banana Bobs. Banana Bobs' product is banana chips, and has great potential because it is in the tourist area. Business management mentoring consists of identifying problems and offering solutions to Banana Bobs in terms of operations, marketing, human resources and finance. The methods used in this activity include field observations, interviews, training, and practicing directly with Banana Bobs' partners. This PKM activity contributes to Banana Bobs to increase competitiveness in competition with other micro, small, and medium enterprises (MSMEs) so that it can grow rapidly and become a product that is well recognized by the public in Indonesia.
Modeling Social Equity in Energy Consumption Using Digital Twins
Authors: Kishore Aparna , Li Beatrice , Atweh Jad
Published: September 2023

This research examines the impact of social equity on energy consumption. We constructed a digital twin for residential energy consumption by enriching the synthetic population with real-world surveys and feeding them with other environmental and appliance data to the energy modeling framework. We analyzed household hourly energy consumption data from Albemarle County and Charlottesville City in Virginia, USA, for the year 2019. We used clustering analysis to identify patterns in social equity and energy consumption. The results demonstrated the impact of different residential attributes on energy poverty. Statistical analyses, including ANOVA and Chi-Squared tests, were conducted to test for significant differences between racial groups in quantitative and categorical variables. The study found that race is significant in determining the location and quality of housing. People of color often live in areas with higher pollution and less access to green spaces. Additionally, income levels and the age of the house are influential factors in determining energy efficiency. Future work should focus on collecting and analyzing data at the country level and using qualitative data collection methods to gain a more comprehensive understanding of social equity issues concerning energy consumption. Overall, this study provides valuable insights into the relationship between different residential attributes and energy consumption, which can inform policy development to promote more equitable and sustainable communities.
Excess Mortality and the Effect of the COVID-19 Vaccines Part 1: European Data
Authors: Hegarty Peter
Published: September 2023

Using publicly available data for 28 EU/EES countries from Eurostat and Our World in Data, we investigate how the current rate of Covid vaccination in a country compares to its average rate of excess mortality (EM) in the pandemic to date. We find that, in the linear regression, the correlation between average EM and vaccination rate is strongly negative, a priori evidence to support the claim that the Covid vaccines have saved many lives. However, a closer analysis of the timeline suggests otherwise. The correlation was already strongly negative before the vaccines were rolled out and is only weakly negative thereafter. In theory, survivor bias could still explain this shift, especially since waves of EM closely align with Covid waves. However, we find in addition that about half of our 28 countries experienced higher EM in 2022 than in 2021, and all that did so have higher than average vaccination rates. This is something which survivor bias cannot explain and raises the real possibility that the vaccines have not just failed to save many lives, but may have already caused net harm. Moreover, any such harm may be ongoing since we find that EM and vaccination rates have been consistently positively correlated since April 2022. We show that all these findings are robust to several different ways of measuring EM and/or vaccination rates. Finally, using public data from Worldometers, we show that the correlation over time of official Covid mortality rates with current vaccination rates closely tracks that of EM rates, even as Covid mortality has waxed and waned and even in the post-omicron period.
Effect of THC, CBD, THCV, CBC and CBN Cannabinoids on β-Cells Exposed to High Glucose—High Lipids
Authors: Gojani Esmaeel Ghasemi , Wang Bo , Li Dong-Ping , Kovalchuk Olga , Kovalchuk Igor
Published: September 2023

Our findings indicate that all five phytocannabinoids reduce HG-HL-induced -cell loss likely through reducing apoptosis and pyroptosis. The protective effects of CBD, THCV, CBC, and CBN were seen in the GSIS impairment by HG-HL. Although all five phytocannabinoids tested in this research demonstrated the capability to inhibit β-cell dedifferentiation induced by HG-HL, CBD seems to be more effective compared to the other phytocannabinoids, as indicated by the specific biomarker responses of β-cells and progenitor cells to CBD.
Tunable Helmholtz Resonators using Multiple Necks
Authors: Papadakis Nikolaos M. , Stavroulakis Georgios E.
Published: September 2023

One of the uses of Helmholtz resonators is as sound absorbers for room acoustic applications, especially for the low frequency range. Their efficiency is centered around their resonance frequency which is mainly depended on elements of their geometry such as the resonator volume and neck dimensions. Incorporating additional necks on the body of a Helmholtz resonator (depending on whether they are open or closed) has been found to alter the resulted resonance frequency. For this study, tunable Helmholtz resonators to multiple resonance frequencies, are proposed and investigated utilizing additional necks. The resonance frequencies of various multi-neck Helmholtz resonators are first modeled with the use of finite element method (FEM), then calculated with the use of an analytical approach and the results of the two approaches are finally compared. Results of this study show that Helmholtz resonators with multiple resonances at desired frequencies are achievable with the use of additional necks, while FEM and analytical methods can be used for the estimation of the resonance frequencies. Analytical and FEM approach results show a good agreement in cases of small number of additional necks, while the increasing differences in cases of higher neck additions, were attributed to the change in effective length of the necks as demonstrated by FEM. The proposed approach can be useful for tunable sound absorbers for room acoustics applications according to the needs of a space. Also, this approach can be applied in cases of additional tunable air resonances of acoustic instruments (e.g. string instruments).
Improved Fault Classification and Localization in Power Transmission Networks using VAE-generated Synthetic Data and Machine Learning Algorithms
Authors: Khan Muhammad Amir , Asad Bilal , Vaimann Toomas , Kallaste Ants , Pomarnacki Raimondas , Hyunh Van Khang
Published: September 2023

Keywords: Electrical power systems, Support vector machines, Random Forest, Machine learning, Wavelet transform, Transmission lines fault, Electrical power quality, Short circuit, Classification of faults, Localization of faults, Decision trees, Ensemble learning, K-nearest neighbors.
Numerical Investigation of the Effect of Tip Clearance on the Cavitation Performance of the Centrifugal Pump Inducer
Authors: Andrew Sebastian , Dehghaniyan Sanaz
Published: September 2023

An inducer is one of the most important components of centrifugal pumps, whose presence will result in a significant increase in hydraulic performance and pump efficiency. The primary function of the inducer, however, is to delay the destructive phenomenon of cavitation, which has presented a considerable design challenge. Nevertheless, the amount of improvement and increase in inducer performance in both cavitation and non-cavitation modes depends critically on the radial laxity of the blade tip. As part of this study, the performance of the inducer in the cavitation state has been simulated and compared with the experimental data, which are in good agreement. This paper examines the effect of blade tip lagging on cavitation, and the results indicate that this will improve cavitation ­and delay this destructive phenomenon ­but will negatively affect the non-cavitation performance. With the increase in clearance, the range of the return current will increase at the tip of the inducer blade as well.
Radial Artery Deviation and Reimplantation (RADAR) to Accelerate the Maturation of Radial-Cephalic Fistulas for Hemodialysis
Authors: Gołębiowski Tomasz , Kusztal Mariusz , Konieczny Andrzej , Gołębiowski Maciej , Letachowicz Krzysztof , Janczak Dariusz , Krajewska Magdalena
Published: September 2023

Background: The most common form of vascular access for hemodialysis is a native arteriovenous fistula, which connects site of the artery to the end of the vein. The maturation process of the fistula plays a crucial role in the establishment of a functional vascular access. Radial artery stenosis is among others a potential cause of maturation failure. In these cases, improving the fistula's blood flow may be difficult, as traditional surgical reanastomosis and endovascular intervention frequently fail. Radial artery deviation and reimplantation (RADAR) is a novel, effective technique for creating primary fistulas with a high patency rate. The main disadvantage of this procedure is the ligation of the radial artery and the subsequent known consequences. Methods: In order to accelerate maturation, we used RADAR as a secondary fistula in three patients with radial artery stenosis and maturation failure. In all patients after surgery we observed significant increase in fistula blood flow. Two patients used fistula for hemodialysis after surgery. We describe the image diagnosis, procedure, and benefits of this method based on a single case. Conclusion: The RADAR technique may be successfully used as a secondary access in patients with maturation failure, due to RA stenosis to accelerate fistula maturation.
Dynamic Models Identification for Kinematics and Energy Consumption of Rotary-Wing UAV during Different Flight States
Authors: Falkowski Krzysztof , Duda Michał
Published: September 2023

The article presents the method of identification of dynamic models for different flight states of a rotary-wing UAV. Experimental flights were conducted to obtain data necessary for the identification process. Such models can later be implemented in simulations to represent the behavior of real-life objects. Simulation of UAV swarms is the first stage of developing a swarm system, where prototyping with physical models is problematic. Therefore, obtaining accurate models is crucial for the simulation process to be reliable. Also, verification of obtained models was performed to make sure that they were identified correctly. In particular, the presented method was proven effective and successfully used in some applications.
Developing Models to Predict BRAFV600E and RAS Mutational Status in Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma
Authors: Harahap Agnes Stephanie , Subekti Imam , Panigoro Sonar Soni , Asmarinah Asmarinah , Lisnawati Lisnawati , Werdhani Retno Asti , Agustina Hasrayati , Khoirunnisa Dina , Mutmainnah Mutiah , Gultom Fajar Lamhot , Assadyk Abdillah Hasbi , Ham Maria Francisca
Published: September 2023

The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) has classified papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) into indolent RAS-like and aggressive BRAF-like based on its distinct driver gene mutations. This study aimed to assess clinicopathology and pERK1/2 expression variations between BRAF-like and RAS-like PTCs and establish predictive models for BRAFV600E and RAS-mutated PTCs. A total of 222 PTCs underwent immunohistochemistry staining to assess pERK1/2 expression and Sanger sequencing to analyze the BRAF and RAS genes. Multivariate logistic regression was employed to develop prediction model. Independent predictors for the BRAFV600E mutation include a nuclear score of 3, the absence of capsules, an aggressive histology variant, and pERK1/2 levels exceeding 10% (X2=0.128, P>0.05, AUC=0.734, P<0.001). RAS mutation predictive model includes follicular histology variant and pERK1/2 expression >10% (X2=0.174, P>0.05, AUC=0.8, P<0.001). We proposed using the prediction model concurrently with four potential combination group outcomes. PTC cases included in combination of low BRAFV600E-scoring group and high RAS-scoring group are categorized as RAS-like (adjOR=4.857, P=0.01, 95% CI=1.470-16.049). PTCs included in combination of high BRAFV600E-scoring group and low RAS-scoring group are categorized as BRAF-like PTCs (adjOR=3.091, P=0.001, 95% CI=1.594-5.995). The different prediction models indicate variations in biological behaviour between BRAF-like and RAS-like PTCs, necessitating adjustments in treatment approaches.
Temporal and Spatial Propagation Characteristics of the Meteorological, Agricultural and Hydrological Drought System in Different Climatic Conditions within the Framework of the Watershed Water Cycle
Authors: Li Yunyun , Huang Yi , Li Yanchun , Zhang Hongxue , Fan Jingjing , Wang Xuemei , Deng Qian
Published: September 2023

The investigation of the spatiotemporal propagation characteristics of the "meteorological-agricultural-hydrological" drought system, under diverse climatic conditions, is crucial for the development of a robust drought warning system and the effective implementation of proactive drought prevention and resilience strategies. To achieve this, the current study utilizes the Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) model to simulate key components of the watershed water cycle, such as evaporation, surface water, soil water, and groundwater. Specifically, the Standardized Precipitation Evapotranspiration Index (SPEI), the Standardized Soil Moisture Index (SSMI), and the Nonlinear Joint Hydrological Drought Index (NJHDI) are employed to characterize meteorological drought, agricultural drought, and hydrological drought, respectively. By analyzing the correlation between these types of drought, the propagation characteristics of the "meteorological-agricultural-hydrological" drought system are elucidated using the rigorous strongest correlation coefficient method. The Yellow River Basin (YRB) is chosen as the case study for this research. Results showed that (1) The propagation time from meteorological to agricultural drought exhibited distinct seasonal characteristics, with durations of 5-6 months in spring, 2-3 months in summer, 3-5 months in autumn, and 6-8 months in winter. Compared to 1961-1990, the propagation time increased in spring and summer but decreased in autumn and winter during 1991-2010 for most YRB regions. (2) The agricultural to hydrological drought propagation showed no clear seasonal differences but increased over time. Specifically, zone C (arid/semi-arid with moderate temperatures) had shorter propagation time of 1-5 months, while zones B (transitional plateau to mid-latitude) and E (semi-arid/semi-humid temperate continental climate) experienced longer propagation time of 7-12 months. (3) Despite the extended timescales, agricultural-hydrological drought correlation was weaker than meteorological-agricultural linkage. This is because meteorological deficits directly reduce soil moisture, rapidly inducing agricultural drought. However, groundwater sustaining baseflow during agricultural drought delays streamflow deficits, prolonging the agricultural-hydrological propagation time.
Culture, Gender, and Business
Authors: ADEYEMI EMMANUEL
Published: September 2023

ABSTRACT: This paper provides an overview of the complex relationship between culture, gender, and business. It highlights the importance of understanding how these factors intersect and influence various aspects of the business world, including organizational practices, leadership styles, workplace dynamics, and economic outcomes. It also explores how cultural factors shape gender roles, expectations, and opportunities within the business context. Additionally, it discusses the implications of cultural influences on women's participation, advancement, and overall experiences in the business world. Understanding the interplay between culture, gender, and business is essential for fostering inclusive and diverse workplaces. Organizations that embrace cultural diversity and gender equality tend to exhibit greater creativity, innovation, and adaptability. They also benefit from increased employee satisfaction, improved decision-making processes, and enhanced financial performance. The work also examined how the values, beliefs, socialization, and team spirit of some distinct ethnic groups such as Japanese, Chinese, Jews, Igbo, and Indians have helped in the economic growth of not the groups alone but the countries where they reside. By examining these dynamics and cultures, scholars, practitioners, and policymakers can gain insights to develop effective strategies that promote gender equality, cultural sensitivity, and inclusive practices in the business world, ultimately leading to more equitable and prosperous societies.
A Two-Sample Mendelian Randomization Analysis Investigates Associations Between Gut Microbiota and Dyslipidemia
Authors: Zhou Xuyi , Lian Peiqi , Liu Hui , Wang Yinghui , Zhou Meijuan , Feng Zhijun
Published: September 2023

The determination of a causal relationship between gut microbiota and a range of dyslipidemia remains uncertain. To clarify these associations, we employed a two-sample mendelian randomization (MR) analysis utilizing the inverse-variance weighted (IVW) method. This comprehensive analysis investigated the genetic variants that exhibited a significant association (p<1e-5) with 129 distinct gut microbiota genera, and their potential link to diverse forms of dyslipidemia. The results indicated a potential causal relationship between 22 gut microbiota genera and dyslipidemia in humans. Furthermore, these findings suggested that the impact of gut microbiota on dyslipidemia regulation is dependent on the specific phylum, family, and genus. Bacillota phylum demonstrated the greatest diversity, with 15 distinct genera distributed among 8 families. Notably, gut microbiota derived from the Lachnospiraceae and Lactobacillaceae families exhibit statistically significant associations with lipid levels that contribute to overall health (p<0.05). The sensitivity analysis indicated that our findings possess robustness (p>0.05). The findings of our investigation provide compelling evidence that supports a causal relationship between the gut microbiota and dyslipidemia in the human body. It is noteworthy to highlight the significant influence of the Bacillota phylum as a pivotal regulator of lipid levels, and the families Lachnospiraceae and Lactobacillaceae should be acknowledged as probiotics that make substantial contributions to this metabolic process.
Whether Foreign Investment Contributes to China's Domestic Carbon Performance: Empirical Evidence from Provincial Panel Data
Authors: Zhang yu
Published: September 2023

As the world's environmental problems continue to worsen, this is no longer an issue that can be solved by any one country or region alone. As an important member of the international community, China needs to contribute to the resolution of global environmental issues. In 2020, China proposed the goal of "carbon neutrality and carbon emissions" at the United Nations General Assembly, marking a new stage in global environmental protection. Our empirical analysis is based on provincial panel data from 2004 to 2017. To identify practical approaches to carbon emission reduction, we employ various models, such as the benchmark return, threshold effect, and intermediary effect, to provide a more comprehensive understanding of FDI's role in shaping carbon emissions. Empirical results show that: There is a significant correlation between Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) and carbon emissions, with factors such as technological advancements and pollution spillover playing relatively weaker indirect roles. Additionally, the utility of FDI in promoting regional development varies according to local characteristics. Thus, we propose emission reduction measures and industry restructuring strategies from both 'inbound' and 'outbound' perspectives to promote green and sustainable development.
Phytovirus Vectors, Detection Techniques, and Future Directions
Authors: Wendimu Gebissa Yigezu
Published: September 2023

The majority of the well-known genera of plant viruses, such as Caulimovirus, Reovirus, Tospovirus, Crinivirus, Luteovirus, Geminiviridae, and Tenuivirus, are vectored, spread, and transmitted by phytophagous insects. Most of the time, they are vectored by the orders Hemiptera and Thysanoptera, and by some species of Coleoptera, Orthoptera, and Dermaptera. The occurrence of a single species of these phytophagous insect orders resulted in one or more plant viruses in general, and the Hemipteran order in particular vectored a lot of plant virus species. This review manuscript is focused on vectors of plant viruses, techniques for their detection, and future directions. It will play a vital role in exploring scientific information concerning the interactions of phytoviruses and vector insects, the effect of phytoviruses on host behavior, mediators of phytovirus transmission, persistent phytoviruses, some other insect vectors of the phytopathogen, mechanisms of host plant resistance against phytoviruses, and techniques of phytovirus detection, as well as some important points to be considered in the future sustainably.
Virtual Reality for Decreasing Procedural Pain during Botulinum Toxin Injection Related to Spasticity Treatment in Adults: A Pilot Study
Authors: David Romain , Dumas Alexis , Ojardias Etienne , Duval Solene , Gilquin Valentine , Mainini Laura , Cabirol Remi , Amauger Emmanuel , Jossart Anne , Ounajim Amine , Perrochon Anaick , Luque-Moreno Carlos , Moens Maarten , Goudman Lisa , Rigoard Philippe , Billot Maxime
Published: September 2023

Background and Objectives: Botulinum toxin injections are commonly used for the treatment of spasticity. However, injection procedures are associated with pain and procedural anxiety. While pharmacological approaches are commonly used to reduce these, inno-vative technology might be considered as a potential non-pharmacological alternative. Given this context, immersive virtual reality (VR) has shown effectiveness in the man-agement of procedural pain[1]. Our retrospective pilot study aimed to assess the potential added value of virtual reality in the management of pain and anxiety during intra-muscular injections of botulinum toxin. Materials and Methods: Twenty-one adult patients receiving botulinum toxin injections were included. A numerical rating scale was used to assess pain and anxiety during the injection procedure. The patient reported the pain experienced during previous injections without VR before injection and the pain expe-rienced in the current procedure with VR after the end of the procedure. Level of satis-faction of VR experience, if they agreed to reuse VR for the subsequent toxin botulinum injection, and if they would recommend VR to other patients were assessed. Results: The use of virtual reality showed a decrease of 1.8 pain-related points compared to without technology. No significant improvement in the level of anxiety was reported. Patients were very satisfied by their VR experience (7.9 out of 10) and would agree to reuse VR in their next injection procedure (88%) and to recommend the use of VR in other patients (100%). Conclusion: VR was useful for managing procedural pain related to botulinum toxin injection in adults, with a high level of satisfaction reported by the patient. VR should be considered as a valuable alternative to pharmacological approach to manage procedural pain during Botulinum toxin injection in adults.
Empirical Investigation of the Impact of Traditional Medicine on Life Expectancy in Nasarawa State, Nigeria
Authors: TANKO KURE Patience , Nwachukwu Victoria , Nanbol DANJUMA , Inchikida Beatrice , Adebisi Jacob
Published: September 2023

The study investigated the impact of traditional medicine on life expectancy in Nasarawa State, Nigeria. The study adopted a quantitative research approach. Purposive or judgmental sampling was used to elucidate the data set used for the study. Cross-sectional data were gathered with the help of a well-designed questionnaire from a total of three hundred and fifty-seven (357) respondents who were available for the survey. The data set collected was analysed using descriptive and linear regression using Ordinary Least Squares (OLS). From the results, 53%, 87%, and 56% were male, below 50 years old, and in the low-income class, respectively, suggesting that the bulk of the respondents under investigation were male, young, and had rather modest incomes. Also, 53% were married, and all had one form of formal education. 67% of respondents acknowledge using traditional medicine; however, the majority of respondents preferred Orthodox medical care over alternative kinds of care. Traditional medicine (TM) and factors that contribute to the advancement of traditional medicine (FITM) have a negative impact on life expectancy, according to the regression analysis. On the other hand, TM has no statistically significant impact on life expectancy, despite FITM having a statistically significant effect at the 5% level. All available data, however, indicates that TM and FITM have an impact on life expectancy, either directly or indirectly. Based on the results, this study concluded that traditional medicine has the potential to significantly increase life expectancy in Nasarawa State and throughout Nigeria. The study recommends that traditional health professionals, stakeholders, and concerned government agencies should put efforts in place to improve and promote modern traditional medicine among the people, especially its effectiveness and medicinal quality, increase its accessibility to people, and efficiently regulate its prices to increase its affordability for low-income earners
Numerical Simulation of a Thixotropic-Viscoelastic Model in Contraction Geometries
Authors: Castillo-Sánchez Hugo A. , Araújo Manoel S. B. de , Bertoco Juliana , Fernandes Célio , Ferrás Luís L. , Castelo Antonio
Published: September 2023

In this work, we incorporate a thixotropic-viscoelastic model into the widely used Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) software OpenFOAM, along with the rheoTool library. The model we implement is known as the Modified-Bautista-Manero (MBM), and effectively describes the rheological behavior of worm-like micellar solutions in extensional flows. We provide a detailed explanation of the numerical implementation of the model, specifically using the log-conformation tensor approach. Unlike previous works focused on this kind of fluids, we simulate inertial flows while considering convective terms in the governing equations, thus obtaining a more realistic behavior on the calculated results. The MBM model implementation is validated through numerical simulations on two different industrial-relevant geometries: the planar 4:1 contraction and the 4:1:4 contraction-expansion configurations. Furthermore, we investigate the influence of inertial, viscoelastic, and thixotropic effects on various flow field variables. These variables include velocity, viscosity, normal stresses, and corner vortex size. Our analysis encompasses both transient and steady solutions of corner vortexes across a range of Deborah and Reynolds numbers. Our results are also directly compared with simulations obtained using the non-thixotropic rubber network-based exponential Phan-Thien-Tanner (EPTT) model. From our planar 4:1 contraction results, we found that vortex-enhancement is seen when high elasticity is coupled with quick structural reformation and very low inertial effects. From our planar 4:1:4 contraction-expansion simulations, we show that an increase in inertia leads both to vortex-inhibition in the upstream channel and slight vortex-enhancement in the downstream channel. Lastly, we show the strong effect of the convection of fluidity into the fluidity profiles and into the upstream/downstream corner vortex sizes.
An Increase in HSF1 Expression Directs Human Mammary Epithelial Cells toward a Mesenchymal Phenotype
Authors: Vydra Natalia , Toma-Jonik Agnieszka , Janus Patryk , Mrowiec Katarzyna , Stokowy Tomasz , Głowala-Kosińska Magdalena , Sojka Damian Robert , Olbryt Magdalena , Widłak Wiesława
Published: September 2023

HSF1 is a well-known Heat Shock Protein expression regulator in response to stress. It also regulates processes important for growth, development, or tumorigenesis. Here, we studied the HSF1 influence on the phenotype of non-tumorigenic human mammary epithelial (MCF10A and MCF12A) and several triple-negative breast cancer cell lines. MCF10A and MCF12A differ by HSF1 levels, morphology, growth in the matrigel, expression of epithelial (CDH1) and mesenchymal (VIM) markers (MCF10A are epithelial cells, MCF12A resemble mesenchymal cells). HSF1 down-regulation led to reduced proliferation rate and spheroid formation in matrigel by MCF10A cells, while it did not affect the MCF12A proliferation but led to CDH1 up-regulation and the formation of better-organized spheroids. HSF1 overexpression in MCF10A resulted in reduced CDH1 and increased VIM expression, and the acquisition of elongated fibroblast-like morphology. The above results suggest that elevated levels of HSF1 may direct mammary epithelial cells toward a mesenchymal phenotype while lowering HSF1 could reverse the mesenchymal phenotype to an epithelial one. Therefore, HSF1 may be involved in the remodeling of mammary gland architecture over the female lifetime. Moreover, HSF1 levels positively correlated with the invasive phenotype of triple-negative breast cancer cells, and their growth was inhibited by the HSF1 inhibitor, DTHIB.
In vitro Efficacy of Isobutyl-Cyanoacrylate Nanoparticles Against Fish Bacterial Pathogens and Selection Preference by Rainbow Trout (Onchorhyncus mykiss)
Authors: Ahiable Gabriel Mawuko , Matsunaga Kouki , Hokin Mao , Iida Kazuhiro , Befu Fumiaki , Oshima Syun-Ichirou
Published: September 2023

The upsurge in and havoc being wrecked by antibiotic resistant bacteria makes urgent the need for efficacious alternatives to antibiotics. This study assessed the antibacterial efficacy of two isobutyl-cyanoacrylate nanoparticles (iBCA-NPs), D6O and NP30, against major bacterial pathogens of fish. In vivo tests on rainbow trout were preceded by tests of in vitro minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC). NP30 exhibited higher efficacy, but both iBCA-NPs demonstrated dose-dependent and species-specific in vitro antibacterial properties against the bacterial isolates. Generally, Gram-negative bacteria were more resistant to the iBCA-NPs. Streptococcus iniae, Tenacibaculum maritimum, and Photobacterium damselae were particularly sensitive to both iBCA-NPs. Orally administered to rainbow trout, the iBCA-NPs produced relative gain rate and survival rates comparable to the control (P > 0.05). Condition factor, hepatosomatic and viscerosomatic indices of fish were indifferentiable (P > 0.05) between the iBCA-NP groups and the control. The iBCA-NPs caused no alteration in stress, oxidative stress (superoxide dismutase, SOD), plasma complement titre, and lysozyme activity. The results of this study suggest that D60 and NP30 may contribute to reducing the amount of antibiotics and chemotherapeutic agents being used in aquaculture.