bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Taeniasis
Authors: Oliveira Letícia Fadda Melo , Simões Larissa de Oliveira Mendes , Elias Amanda Luísa Motti de Oliveira , Alvarenga Janaina Sousa Campos , Alvarenga Ângela Cardoso de
Published: April 2024

Introduction: The chapter deals with taeniasis, an infection of the small intestine caused by two cestoids, Taenia solium and Taenia saginata, popularly known as tapeworms or solitaria. Belonging to the class Cestoda, these hermaphrodite parasites have dorsoventrally flattened bodies, devoid of a general cavity and digestive system. Objectives: The focus of the chapter is to provide an in-depth understanding of the clinical, epidemiological, and control strategies related to taeniasis. Etiologic Agent: In man, the definitive host, taeniasis is caused by the presence of the adult form of these parasites in the small intestine. Evolutionary forms: Throughout the biological cycle, both species go through three evolutionary forms: egg, cysticercus, and adult worm. The cysticercus, a larval form, reaches up to 12 mm in length after 4 months of infection. Form of contamination of human beings: Taeniasis, caused by Taenia solium and Taenia saginata is a parasitosis that exclusively impacts humans, and its transmission is associated with the consumption of meat contaminated with cysticerci, the larval forms of the parasite. Infection occurs when individuals ingest contaminated beef or pork, especially if eaten raw or undercooked. Biological cycle: The biological cycle is similar for both species, differing in intermediate hosts. Parasitized humans eliminate pregnant proglottids into the environment, releasing eggs that contaminate soil. Pigs and cattle ingest these eggs, developing cysticerci in the tissues. Human infection occurs through the consumption of contaminated meat. Clinical manifestations: Although the popular designation suggests a single tapeworm, individuals may be infected by more than one, including different species. Most are asymptomatic, but gastrointestinal symptoms, allergies, bleeding spots, and even parasitic appendicitis can occur. Diagnosis: Diagnosis requires laboratory tests, such as screening for proglottids and eggs in the stool. Treatment: The main treatment is Praziquantel, given orally as a single dose. Other medications, such as Mebendazole and Albendazole, are also options. Prophylaxis: Preventive measures include treatment of carriers, basic sanitation, care in raising animals for slaughter, health education, modernization of pig farming, and rigorous inspection of slaughterhouses. Specific strategies, such as avoiding coprophagic behavior in pigs, have been shown to be effective. Conclusion: The chapter provides a comprehensive overview of taeniasis, highlighting its clinical complexity, epidemiological factors, and control approaches. Understanding these aspects is crucial for the effective confrontation of this parasitosis, especially in regions where sanitary and socioeconomic conditions contribute to its dissemination.
Testing the tester
Authors: Lewis Siriol
Published: April 2024

Over the summer of 2022. I was tasked with testing the language proficiency of many potential students who were unable to access the International English Language Testing System (IELTS), either due to displacement or other adverse circumstances.  The largest cohort was that of Ukrainian students, following the Scottish government’s announcement that free education and living support would be available for those qualifying students. The second group was less homogenous.  It varied in nationality, age, background, circumstances and fell under the broad umbrella of refugees and asylum seekers. The Ukrainian students, on acceptance of academic and language qualifications would directly enter faculty as undergraduates. In contrast, the refugees and asylum seekers would join the last five weeks of a 34-week pre-sessional course and then proceed to a Widening Access Course. Completion of this, and successful settled status would then enable them to enter degree courses.  I use a reading-to-write integrated test based on an academic paper, followed by an interview of 20 – 30 minutes duration for all students who are unable to access IELTS or other recognized commercial language tests. Due to the urgency and sheer number of undergraduates needing to be tested over July/August 2022, I made the decision to use English for General Academic Purposes materials and conducted invigilated reading-to-write tests on Zoom, with individual interviews being conducted over the following days. While this format had been used successfully in the past with displaced PGT/PGR students, it quickly became apparent that it was unsuitable for the latter group of students. Here I reflect on my role and consider future test design.
Reflective writing as summative assessment in higher education: A systematic review
Authors: Ross Micky , Bohlmann Julia , Marren Aneta
Published: April 2024

Reflective Writing as summative assessment has gained popularity across a wide range of subjects in Higher Education. This systematic review searched three cross-disciplinary databases and analysed twenty-two primary research papers published between 2007 and 2022 to investigate (1) the reasons for setting reflective writing as summative assessment, (2) support offered to students engaging in this kind of assessment, (3) student and (4) staff experiences of reflective writing as summative assessment. Using descriptive coding methodology, the review found reflective writing to be used mainly as part of larger assessment tools in professional degree programmes to foster employability and encourage students to reflect on professional practice. Support was provided through specific frameworks, exemplars, feedback and workshops, and when used to foster the incremental development of reflective writing skills in students led to positive experiences. However, the review also highlights a number of issues relating to lacking assessment literacy among students and staff. Moreover, the personal nature of reflection and power dynamics between students and markers can lead to performative instead of genuine reflection and can call into question the validity of reflective writing as summative assessment.
Compendio en Temas de Imagenología Vol. 8
Authors: Peña Sotomayor Melissa Maritza , Terán Robayo Makarena , Rodríguez Suárez Carlos Omar , Obando Peña María Esther , Reyes Melo Christian Alexander , Segura Navarro Karolina Gabriela , Gallegos Herrera Neil José , Arellano Cobo Francisco Camilo , Jiménez Correa Dayana Elizabeth , Sánchez Escobar Denisse Alicia , Baque Valdiviezo Sugey Carolina , Cortez Illescas Milton Xavier , Morán López James Abraham , Mosquera Almeida Melany Nicole
Published: April 2024

En el campo de la imagenología médica, donde la precisión diagnóstica y la interpretación adecuada de las imágenes son cruciales para la atención al paciente, la actualización constante es fundamental. En este contexto, el libro "Compendio en Temas de Imagenología Vol. 8" se presenta como una obra de referencia imprescindible que aborda una amplia gama de temas relevantes en este campo en constante evolución.
“In Therapy, We are Moving Towards the Permission for Recognition the Significance of Our Peculiarities and Our Uniqueness Before God”
Authors: Barsukova Svetlana A.
Published: April 2024

Interview with Anna Sergeevna Yarygina, a psychologist practicing in the modality of transactional analysis, and the wife of an Orthodox Christian priest. Anna Sergeevna grew up in a religious family and now mostly works with religious clients, Orthodox Christians, as she understands and shares their path, the specifics of their growing up and their beliefs. In this interview, Anna Sergeevna talks about her personal observations, about what life script processes and drivers are inherent in Orthodox clients, how a therapeutic alliance is built, and what difficulties may arise in such work.
”There are Support and Reassurance Here”
Authors: Pavlyukovich Natalya A.
Published: April 2024

A review on the book “Biohacking Parenthood: A Book for Caring Parents About the Physiology and Psychology of a Child at Every Stage of Growing up” by Ekaterina Antonova and Darya Balakhonova. In this review the author shares her experience of reading this book and impressions from it. She also gives the most interesting quotes, in her opinion, which reflect the duality of the book — it was written by an obstetrician-gynecologist and a psychologist.
Optimización del ciclo extractivo mediante la adecuación de los períodos de retirada estéril
Authors: Abascal Diego Yolanda
Published: April 2024

Optimización del ciclo extractivo mediante la adecuación de los períodos de retirada de estéril se centra en la optimización del ciclo extractivo en la Mina Cobre Las Cruces, ubicada en Gerena, Sevilla. El objetivo principal es mejorar la eficiencia del proceso mediante la adecuación de los periodos de retirada de estéril. Para ello, se realizó un estudio detallado del medio ambiente y se elaboró una memoria justificativa que respalda la propuesta de optimización. Durante el proyecto, la autora también redactó una memoria descriptiva y visitó diversos departamentos de la Mina, lo que le permitió adquirir una experiencia práctica valiosa. La colaboración con Cobre Las Cruces, S.A. fue fundamental para el desarrollo del trabajo, que busca contribuir a la mejora continua de las operaciones mineras. En resumen, el libro de Yolanda Abascal Diego combina aspectos teóricos y prácticos para proponer soluciones innovadoras que beneficien tanto a la empresa como al medio ambiente en el contexto minero de la Mina Cobre Las Cruces.
Privadome: Delivery Drones and Citizen Privacy
Authors: Pillai Gokulnath M. , Suresh Ajith , Gupta Eikansh , Ganapathy Vinod , Patra Arpita
Published: April 2024

E-commerce companies are actively considering the use of delivery drones for customer fulfillment, leading to growing concerns around citizen privacy. Drones are equipped with cameras, and the video feed from these cameras is often required as part of routine navigation, be it for semi-autonomous or fully-autonomous drones. Footage of ground-based citizens captured in these videos may lead to privacy concerns. This paper presents Privadome, a system that implements the vision of a virtual privacy dome centered around the citizen. Privadome is designed to be integrated with city-scale regulatory authorities that oversee delivery drone operations and realizes this vision through two components, PD-MPC and PD-ROS. PD-MPC allows citizens equipped with a mobile device to identify drones that have captured their footage. It uses secure two-party computation to achieve this goal without compromising the privacy of the citizen’s location. PD-ROS allows the citizen to communicate with such drones and obtain an audit trail showing how the drone uses their footage and determine if privacy-preserving steps are taken to sanitize the footage.
MixMatch: Flow Matching for Mixnet Traffic
Authors: Oldenburg Lennart , Juarez Marc , Argones Rúa Enrique , Diaz Claudia
Published: April 2024

Mixnets provide communication anonymity against network adversaries by routing packets independently via multiple hops, delaying them artificially at each hop, and introducing cover traffic. We show that these features (particularly the use of cover traffic) significantly diminish the effectiveness of state-of-the-art flow correlation techniques developed to link the two ends of a Tor connection. In this work, we propose novel methods to determine whether a set of endpoints exchanges packets via a mixnet and demonstrate their effectiveness by applying them to the Nym mixnet. We consider Nym in both an idealized lab setup and the official live network, and propose and compare three classifiers to conduct flow matching on it. Our statistical classifier tests whether egress packet timestamps are consistent with ingress timestamps and the (known) routing delay characteristic of the mixnet. In contrast, our two deep learning (DL) classifiers learn to distinguish matched from unmatched flow pairs from collected datasets directly, rather than relying on priors that describe the delay distribution. All three classifiers use our flow merging technique, which enables testing a match for sets of communicating endpoints of any cardinality. Considering a use case where two observed endpoints communicate exclusively to exchange a file through Nym, we find that flow matching is fast and accurate in the idealized lab setup. If flow pairs are aligned using all network observations in a download, we achieve a TPR of circa 0.6 (DL) and 0.47 (statistical) at an FPR of 10^-2 after only processing 100 observations. We evaluate classifier performance under key variations of this setup: the absence of loop cover traffic, an increased or decreased average per-mix delay, larger communicating sets (three endpoints) with faster responders, and the presence of realistic network effects (live network). The classifiers' matching performance diminishes on the live network where packet losses and variable propagation delays exist, reducing DL TPR to circa 0.26 and statistical TPR to circa 0.28 at an FPR of 10^-2. Informed by the insights of our analyses, we outline countermeasures that can be deployed in mixnets such as Nym to mitigate flow matching threats.
Security and Privacy with Second-Hand Storage Devices: A User-Centric Perspective from Switzerland
Authors: Salehzadeh Niksirat Kavous , Korka Diana , Jacquemin Quentin , Vanini Céline , Humbert Mathias , Cherubini Mauro , Métille Sylvain , Huguenin Kévin
Published: April 2024

Second-hand electronic devices are increasingly being sold online. Although more affordable and more environment-friendly than new products, second-hand devices, in particular those with storage capabilities, create security and privacy threats (e.g., malware or confidential data still stored on the device, aka remnant data). Previous work studied this issue from a technical point of view or only from the perspective of the sellers of the devices, but the perspective of the buyers has been largely overlooked. In this paper, we fill this gap and take a multi-disciplinary approach, focusing on the case of Switzerland. First, we conduct a brief legal analysis of the rights and obligations related to second-hand storage devices. Second, in order to understand the buyers' practices related to these devices and their beliefs about their legal rights and obligations, we deploy a survey in collaboration with a major online platform for transactions of second-hand goods. We demonstrate that the risks highlighted in prior research might not materialize, as many buyers do not inspect the content of the bought devices (e.g., they format it directly). We also found that none of the buyers uses forensic techniques. We identified that the buyers' decisions about remnant data depend on the type of data. For instance, for data with illegal content, they would keep the data to report it to the authorities, whereas for sensitive personal data they would either delete the data or contact the sellers. We identified several discrepancies between the actual legal rights/obligations and users' beliefs.
A Bilingual Longitudinal Analysis of Privacy Policies Measuring the Impacts of the GDPR and the CCPA/CPRA
Authors: Hosseini Henry , Utz Christine , Degeling Martin , Hupperich Thomas
Published: April 2024

Privacy policies are the main mechanism for websites to describe their practices in collecting and processing visitors' personal data. Their format and content are subject to legal requirements that have changed due to recent new privacy regulations including the General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR), California Consumer Privacy Act (CCPA), and California Privacy Rights Act (CPRA). Studying how privacy policies are adapted to such regulatory change can help identify shortcomings in implementing the law and inform future legislatory initiatives. Existing work in this area mostly studied effects of the GDPR on privacy policies or the "Do Not Sell My Personal Information" link mandated by the CCPA. Methodologically, insights were mainly drawn from English-language privacy policies using keyword-based analyses or machine learning classifiers. In this work, we address this research gap and conduct a bilingual study of privacy policies in English and German that investigates the effects of the GDPR and CCPA/CPRA on privacy policy content, using established methods from corpus linguistics that are language-independent and do not rely on keyword lists or classifiers that may date quickly. We find that, unlike for the GDPR, the CCPA's requirements were not yet widely implemented when it first became enforceable but only with its amendment, the CPRA. Before that, websites used more than 60 variants of the "Do Not Sell" link instead of the mandated wording and did not prominently reference individual rights granted by the CCPA/CPRA. While companies outside California and the US did adapt their disclosures to the CCPA/CPRA, this was limited to English-language policies and did not spill over to policies in German. For GDPR enforcement, we find websites to increasingly rely on legitimate interests to justify data collection, raising concerns whether individuals' interests in the privacy of their personal information are still sufficiently considered.
Blending Different Latency Traffic With Beta Mixing
Authors: Ben Guirat Iness , Das Debajyoti , Diaz Claudia
Published: April 2024

We analyze the anonymity provided by continuous mixnets (e.g., Loopix) when messages with different latency requirements are sent through the same network. The anonymity provided by existing mixnets that offer bounded latency guarantees has only been studied considering that all the traffic in the network follows the same latency distribution. In this work we evaluate whether it is beneficial to aggregate different types of traffic in the same network or to keep them separate, when the latency distributions are exponential and the traffic arrivals are a poisson process --- as is the case in Loopix and related designs. We present a novel evaluation method to analyze the leakage to the adversary when multiple different types of traffic are sent through the same network of continuous mixes. We apply the method to empirically evaluate the end-to-end anonymity (in terms of entropy) for each type of traffic in the presence of a global passive adversary that may additionally compromise a constant fraction of mixes or may have knowledge about the type of traffic of network output messages. Finally we show via empirical evaluation using our analytical framework that it is beneficial for anonymity to blend different types of traffic in the same mixnet.
Malt Quality Characteristics of Selected Maize Varieties
Authors: Woldegiorgis Eressa , Bajo Wabi , Zerihun Mulate
Published: April 2024

In tropical and sub-tropical regions, the cultivation of barley is generally very limited and far less viable for brewing. This study was intended to investigate the potential of released maize varieties for malt purpose. Seventeen released maize varieties were collected from Bako, Ambo and Melkassa Agricultural Research Centers. The varieties were investigated for the most critical chemical compositions, germination test and malt quality. AMH-851 variety had the highest crude protein and ash contents. The highest moisture absorption (49.2%) and germination energy (82%) was noticed in MK-1 maize variety. Insignificant variation and less malting loss (0.7g) was noticed for MK-141 and BH-661 varieties. A significant increment in protein content was observed in maize malt compared to the un-malted grain. AMH-851had the highest (13.8%) and MK-2 showed the lowest (11.2%) malt protein content and the highest kolbach index. In its coarse and fine extract contents, BH-661 (69.93%) and BH-540 (69.29%) varieties had the highest and did not show a significant variation. A range of 6.8 to 29.07 wk enzymatic activity was observed among the selected maize malt with the highest for AMH-851 followed by BH-547 and the lowest for Limu variety. It was noticed that maize grains grown in intermediate agro-ecology could be used as potential malt for brewing purpose.
PANOPTIKON AGAMA SEBAGAI PENOLAKAN DAN KEKERASAN TERHADAP KAUM LGBT DI KOTA MAKASSAR
Authors: Agustang Andi Yosi Adiwisastra Pasca , Agustang Andi Dody May Putra , Syahrudin Darma Jaya , Fitriana Nurthasya
Published: April 2024

This research aims to analyse 1) The panopticon as a religion that discloses the minds and bodies of dominant actors who reject LGBT people. 2) Forms of violence against LGBT people in the name of religion. 3) The resistance of LGBT people to their rejection. To achieve these goals, this research uses Foucault's Panopticon theory, Lacan's Psychoanalysis theory, Galtung's violence theory and Bulter's Performativity theory. This research method is qualitative-descriptive. Data collection techniques include observation, interviews and documentation and are analysed using data reduction techniques, data presentation, and conclusion drawing. The results of this study show 1) Religion becomes panoptipkon because it is not in accordance with religious values based on Q.S 51:49, Q.S 49:13, Q.S 7:80, Q.S 2 7:54, Q.S 29:28 so that society and mass organisations reject the existence of LGBT people and religion also provides objects of enjoyment such as tranquility, protection, moral and ethical guidelines so that LGBT people are also required to follow religious teachings. 2) Forms of violence against LGBT people include physical and verbal violence, structural violence based on the violence of Indonesian religious culture which is the majority of religious people so that LGBT is considered to disrupt their order even though the act violates article 351 KHUP, 352 KHUP, 359 KHUP, 311 KHUP and human rights. 3) The resistance of LGBT people by performing acts of identity performativity such as wearing clothes according to their gender identification, deconstructing cultural norms such as deconstructing standardised gender language, stereotypes and binaries, collaborating with YLBHI and 23 organisations with the aim of protesting and denouncing the draft regional regulation (raperda) because it is not in accordance with the Universal Declaration of Human Rights.
PENGEMBANGAN MEDIA PEMBELAJARAN BERBASIS AUDIO VISUAL MENGGUNAKAN APLIKASI FILMORA PADA MATA PELAJARAN GEOGRAFI MATERI FLORA DAN FAUNA DI INDONESIA DAN DUNIA SMA NEGERI 1 DULUPI
Authors: Annisa Sitti , Lihawa Fitryane , Mohamad Nurdin
Published: April 2024

This research is research into the development of audio-visual based learning media using the Filmora application. This research aims to produce audio-visual based learning media using the Filmora application on flora and fauna material in Indonesia and the world. This research uses a development research method using the ADDIE model as an approach in compiling learning media. In this research there are 5 stages, namely the analysis stage, design stage, development stage, implementation stage and evaluation stage. The results of the development research were obtained from the validator assessment results which showed that this learning media was declared suitable for use and very valid. The assessment given to each statement is as follows: from product design expert validation it is declared very valid with a rating result of 84%, from material/content experts it is declared very valid with a rating result of 91.1% and the learning expert in this case is a geography teacher declared very valid with a rating result of 90.3% and the average student response to learning media was 89.1%, which means it was classified as very good media. The conclusion of this research is that audio-visual based learning media using the Filmora application developed by researchers is declared suitable for use in the learning process.
ANALISIS PENYEBAB ANAK PUTUS SEKOLAH (STUDI DI DESA LANTAGI KECAMATAN KULISUSU KABUPATEN BUTON UTARA)
Authors: Ibrahim Ibrahim , Ahmad M Ridwan Said , Agustang Andi Dody May Putra , Sadriani Andi
Published: April 2024

This research aims to analyze the causes of children dropping out of school in Lantagi Village, Kulisusu District, North Buton Regency. The phenomenon of children dropping out of school is a common phenomenon that often occurs in both urban and rural communities. This research uses symbolic interaction theory from Hebert Blumer to examine more deeply the phenomenon of children dropping out of school. This research uses descriptive qualitative research methods. Data collection techniques in this research used observation, interview and documentation techniques. The research location is located in Lantagi Village, Kulisusu District, North Buton Regency. The data collection technique in this research used a purposive sampling technique with 12 informants. The data analysis technique in this research uses data reduction techniques, data presentation and drawing conclusions. The data validation technique in this research uses the Member Check technique, which is a data collection technique by re-interviewing informants so that it is said to be valid. The results of the research show that the cause of children dropping out of school in Lantagi Village, Kulisusu District, North Buton Regency is caused by several factors, namely economic factors, family factors, internal desire factors and children's mindset about school.
Assessing the influence of teacher leadership styles on motivation and academic outcomes among secondary school students
Authors: Khoudri Insaf
Published: April 2024

The quality of teaching, teacher leadership style, student satisfaction, and academic outcomes collectively serve as crucial predictors of the competence of graduates and the overall success of educational institutions. This study aimed to investigate the significance of classroom and teacher leadership in the context of enhancing students’ motivation and academic achievements. Employing a quantitative approach via a questionnaire, the study focused on Moroccan EFL students, specifically targeting first- and second-year baccalaureate students majoring in physics and first-year experimental sciences at Al Ahd Al Jadid Secondary School in the Taounat region. The study’s findings revealed that a substantial 97.9% of participants favored transformational leadership, with 61% opting for transactional leadership, and a modest 14.2% choosing laissez-faire leadership. These results suggest that effective teachers may employ a combination of transformational and transactional leadership styles, depending on the specific circumstances and needs of the classroom. This study highlights the importance of flexible and adaptive leadership in education and its potential impact on students’ motivation and academic success.
The Role of Creative Technologies and Innovation for Dynamic Sustainable Entrepreneurship of SMEs in China
Authors: Longgang Gao , Zihan Ye , Kunyu Liu
Published: April 2024

Despite two years of movement restrictions caused by an outbreak, China's economy has been operating at full capacity for several months. The COVID-19 tsunami had a huge impact on the growth of the digital economy in Southeast Asia. Since the reopening of borders, demand has been high, but the rising cost of raw materials, global economic insecurity, and most importantly, labour shortages have damaged businesses, particularly the expansion of small and medium-sized enterprises. In order to restore market share, the firm owners might consider making investments to meet customer demand. However, in the current business context, capital expenditures are rarely considered. The present study seeks to examine empirically the mediating role of creative technologies and the effect of innovation practices of Small Medium entrepreneur towards the dynamic sustainability of entrepreneurship by applying the conceptual theory of Dynamic Capabilities View and Diffusion of Innovation. The future respondents indicated as entrepreneur in the Small Medium industries in China focusing on service based. The study also evaluates the relationship between innovation practices towards dynamic sustainability of entrepreneurship mediates by creative technology. Four hypothesized relationships have been developed together with the conceptual framework.
Sodium Cromolyn Modulates Carrageenan-Induced Acute Inflammation Through the Interleukin-6 Levels
Authors: Hemmati Ali Asghar , Ghafourian Mehri , Khodayar Mohammad Javad , Zarin Hadi , Saberi Rounkian Masoumeh , Jalali Amir
Published: April 2024

Background: Previous studies have indicated that sodium cromolyn does not negatively affect steroidal and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs). Objective: This study aimed to investigate the anti-inflammatory effects of sodium cromolyn on carrageenan-induced paw edema in rats and assess its impact on IL-6, an anti-inflammatory cytokine. Methods: The carrageenan-induced paw edema model is widely used for studying inflammatory mechanisms and evaluating anti-inflammatory drugs. The test groups received intraperitoneal injections of sodium cromolyn at doses of 25, 50, and 100 mg/kg alongside a positive control group (indomethacin at 5 mg/kg) and a negative control group (which received the solvent, saline). Thirty minutes after drug administration, carrageenan (1% w/v) was injected into the right hind paws of the rats. Changes in paw volume were measured using a plethysmometer at 0.5, 1, 2, and 3 hours post-carrageenan injection. Blood and paw tissue samples were collected three hours after carrageenan administration, and IL-6 levels were determined using the standard rat Interleukin-6 ELISA kit. Results: The plasma and tissue IL-6 levels in the group treated with cromolyn (25 mg/kg) were significantly higher than those in the positive control group (indomethacin 5 mg/kg). Sodium cromolyn at a dose of 25 mg/kg had a negligible effect on reducing paw edema and IL-6 levels in serum and paw tissues compared to indomethacin (5 mg/kg). The IL-6 levels in plasma and tissues for the group receiving 50 mg/kg of cromolyn were not significantly different from those in the indomethacin group (5 mg/kg). However, IL-6 levels in the group treated with 100 mg/kg of cromolyn were significantly lower than those in the indomethacin group. Among the groups treated with sodium cromolyn, the highest and lowest IL-6 levels were observed in the groups receiving 25 mg/kg and 100 mg/kg of sodium cromolyn, respectively. The anti-inflammatory effects of sodium cromolyn at doses of 25 mg/kg, 50 mg/kg, and 100 mg/kg were analyzed, revealing that 25 mg/kg of cromolyn sodium was not significantly effective at any time point (P < 0.05). Additionally, no significant differences (P < 0.05) were observed between the 50 mg/kg and 100 mg/kg doses at any study hour. Sodium cromolyn at a 50 mg/kg dose was as effective as indomethacin (5 mg/kg) in significantly reducing paw edema. Conclusions: Sodium cromolyn, at doses of 50 and 100 mg/kg, effectively reduced paw edema and the concentration of serum and paw tissue IL-6 (P < 0.05), demonstrating significant anti-inflammatory activity. Sodium cromolyn at a 50 mg/kg dose is recommended as the anti-inflammatory dose of this drug.
El acercamiento al léxico cántabro del noventayochista Gabriel María Vergara Martín
Authors: Peña Arce Jaime
Published: April 2024

El objetivo de este artículo -que ha podido realizarse gracias a las facilidades que para el acceso a textos filológicos marginales ofrece la Biblioteca Virtual de la Filología Española (BVFE)- es analizar el valor y la relevancia lexicográfica posterior de la aproximación que Gabriel María Vergara Martín realizó al léxico de Cantabria durante el segundo decenio del siglo xx. A la vez, trata de reivindicar el valor filológico general de la obra de un autor que todavía no ha despertado el interés de la comunidad investigadora. Las conclusiones subrayan la calidad de su trabajo de descripción del léxico cántabro, basado en estudios de campo realizados en soledad, y las limitadas repercusiones que este tuvo en los diccionarios generales del español. Una conclusión que parece poder extrapolarse al resto de su producción lingüística, que pese a su calidad apenas ha sido atendida.
Correlation Analysis of Household Food Consumption Expenditure with PPH (Standard Dietary Pattern) in Sembawa District, Banyuasin Regency
Authors: Tri Yuliani Maulidia , Mulyana Andy , Lifianthi Lifianthi
Published: April 2024

Introduction: This study analyzes the correlation of food consumption expenditure on the achievement of PPH scores which is influenced by several factors such as the number of household members, non-food expenditures, and length of education. Methods: This research method is using quantitativemethods. The method of determining the number of samples used is disproportionate stratified random sampling. The data analysis method regarding the correlation of food consumption expenditure to the value of PPH uses Spearman Rank correlation analysis and the method of analyzing factors that affect household food consumption expenditure using multiple linear regression analysis methods. Result: From the results of the study, it was found that the correlation value between food consumption expenditure and the achievement of the PPH score was 0.665, which means that it is strongly correlated and simultaneously the factors that affect food consumption expenditure affect because of the significant value of f is less than 0.005 which is worth 0.00 and partially which was tested with the T-test, the results were significant only on the high-income dummy variable, which was worth 0.23 which could be interpreted that households with high incomes had higher household consumption expenditures as much as 393,336,718 compared to food consumption expenditures of medium and low-income households. Conclusion: To formulate recommendations for efforts that can be made to achieve the optimal outcome for postpartum hemorrhage, participants are expected to be able to eat well-balanced nutritious foods of good nutritional value, focusing not only on quantity but also nutritional quality and nutrition. food content.
The Role of Environmental and Geographical Factors in the Education Process
Authors: Gul Mazloum Yar Fayaz , Ishaq Shaheedzooy Mohammad
Published: April 2024

Throughout history, humans have learned and acquired knowledge from their surroundings. The importance of a suitable and standardized educational environment for effective learning and teaching is widely acknowledged. The educational environment significantly affects students' learning processes, necessitating a thorough understanding of the environmental and geographical factors that impact it. This Research aims to investigate the role of environmental and geographical factors in the educational process. It seeks to explore how these factors influence learning outcomes and analyze the factors contributing to the creation of optimal educational spaces. The research employs a comprehensive methodology to examine the impact of environmental and geographical factors on the educational process. It focuses on studying children's behavioral patterns in educational environments, with particular attention to elements such as classroom size and lighting. The research findings highlight the significance of environmental and geographical factors in shaping the learning process. Specifically, factors like classroom size and lighting have been identified as crucial elements that enhance learning outcomes. The study emphasizes the importance of creating educational environments that cater to learners' needs. By considering environmental and geographical factors, such as classroom size and lighting, educators can design optimal learning spaces. The findings underscore the necessity of improving the structure of education to foster the physical, mental, emotional, and social development of students.
Influence of Ethno-Religious Identity on Voting Behaviour in 2023 Gubernatorial Election in Lagos State, Nigeria
Authors: Orunbon Nurudeen Olalekan , Babatunde Moshood Abdul-Wasi
Published: April 2024

This research investigate the influence of ethno-religious identity on voting behaviour in 2023 gubernatorial election in Lagos State. Survey research design was used in conducting the research as such questionnaire was administered in collecting information from the respondents. The study population consists of all residents in Lagos East Senatorial District, Lagos State. A sample of 200 respondents was selected. Data were analyzed using Pearson Product Moment Correlation (PPMC) statistical method to analyse the formulated hypotheses. Findings from this study revealed  that there is significant relationship between ethnic identity and voting behaviour in 2023 gubernatorial election in Lagos State, (r = .783; N=200; p< .05) and also there is significant relationship between religious identity and voting behaviour in 2023 gubernatorial election in Lagos State, (r = .719; N=200; p< .05) In conclusion, the study has shown that ethnicity and religion do influence the voting behaviours in the 2023 gubernatorial election in Lagos state and analysis of the vote showed that there was variation in the voting patterns of the people as is tilted towards ethnic and religious inclination. Finally, the study recommended, The winner of 2023 governorship election should form all ethnic inclusive government and ensures that no ethnic group would complain of marginalization and also the government should sustain unity among ethnic group in Lagos State and discourage disunity.
The Effect of Procurement of Goods and Services on Budget Absorption of Regional Apparatus Units in Simeulue Regency
Authors: Junaidi Novan , Aliamin Aliamin , Abdullah Syukriy
Published: April 2024

The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of planning for the procurement of goods/services, the competence of the manager of the procurement of goods/services and the application of e-procurement of the procurement of goods/services simultaneously on the absorption of the SKPK budget in Simeulue Regency. The entity that manages the procurement of goods/services within the local government of Simeulue Regency, which amounts to 43 SKPD. The sample in this study was determined by the Slovin equation as many as 77 people. The results of the study indicate that planning for procurement of goods and services, competence of managers of goods and services and the application of e-procurement affect budget absorption, planning for procurement of goods and services has a positive effect on budget absorption. increase budget absorption, the competence of goods/service managers has a positive effect on budget absorption, the better the competence of goods/services managers will increase budget absorption decisions, and the implementation of e-Procurement has an effect on budget absorption, the better the implementation of e-procurement will increase budget absorption. So that the results of this study can provide input for improving the procurement policy of goods/services at SKPK in Simeulue Regency.
The Relevance of Islamic Law to Criminal Sanctions for Narcotics Users in Indonesia
Authors: Muhibban Muhibban , Misbakul Munir Muhammad
Published: April 2024

The increasing number of drug users netted in Indonesia has made prisons and detention centres over capacity. The high number of narcotics cases has filled prisons and detention centres, mainly with those who stumble on narcotics cases. This study aims to describe Islamic punishments for cases of drug users that are relevant, based on benefit and does not cause new polemics. This type of research is library research using a descriptive-analytic method by looking for primary and secondary references related to this study. Based on the results of the analysis, it is stated that sanctions against drug users have so far not yielded good results and have even created several new polemics. Meanwhile, Islamic punishment, ta'zir, is more appropriate and relevant to narcotics users. Ta'zir punishment is preventive, which can prevent a person from getting away from drugs; repressive, which makes offenders deterrent; curative, which can provide changes in the perpetrators; and educative, both for drug offenders and other people. The implementation of Law No. 35 of 2009 on narcotics is still unable to overcome the problem of drug abuse properly, even causing new problems such as exceeded prison capacity, increased state budget burden, and punishments that do not have a positive impact on perpetrators. Islamic punishment, with a more humane and effective approach, can be a viable alternative to address this problem.
Analysis of Novelty Elements as a Requirement for Patent Registration in Law Number 13 of 2016 Concerning Patents
Authors: Ira Kusuma Wardani Putu Ayu , Putu Dewi Kasih Desak , Arya Utama I Made
Published: April 2024

This study delves into the elements of patent rights and dispute resolution strategies in cases of patent infringement. The background of the research stems from the necessity to understand the legal framework surrounding patent protection and the mechanisms available for resolving disputes in the event of infringement. The primary objective is to identify the crucial components of patent rights and the various methods employed to address disputes arising from alleged patent violations. Employing a normative legal research approach, with both conceptual and statutory analyses, this study aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the subject matter. The findings underscore the significance of novelty as a fundamental criterion for patent acceptance, as defined by Law Number 13 of 2016 concerning Patents. Novelty, characterized by the absence of prior public disclosure, usage, or inclusion in existing knowledge standards, is essential for patent registration. The study reveals that patent disputes concerning novelty can be addressed through diverse legal avenues, including patent removal suits, trial proceedings, mediation, patent reexamination, out-of-court settlements, and appellate processes. Furthermore, alternative mechanisms such as arbitration offer additional pathways for resolving disputes. The implications of this research highlight the importance of adhering to novelty requirements during patent registration and understanding the array of dispute resolution mechanisms available to safeguard intellectual property rights.
Attitude of Vocational and Technical Education Lecturers Towards Utilization of Open Educational Resources for Effective Teaching and Learning in Nigerian Universities in Northeast Nigeria
Authors: Umoru Mohammed Lawal , Ibanga Isaac John , Sunday Philip
Published: April 2024

The main purpose of this study was to determine the attitude of vocational and technical education lecturers towards the utilization of Open Educational Resources for effective teaching and learning in Nigerian universities in northeast Nigeria. The study adopted a survey research design and was carried out in northeast Nigeria. The population of the study was 782 Vocational and Technical Education lecturers from 5 universities that offered Vocational and Technical Education in northeast, Nigeria. The study adopted Simple random sampling to select a sample size of 254 respondents using Krejcie and Morgan (1970) sample size table. Attitude of Teachers Towards Utilization of Open Educational Resources Questionnaire, (ATTUOER-Q) was used as a data collection instrument. The questionnaire was subjected to face validation and a reliability index of 0.91 was obtained using Cronbach Alpha. The data for the study was analyzed using mean and standard deviation to answer the research questions. The findings of the study revealed that the factors that influence VTE lecturers’ attitudes towards the utilization of OERs include technological infrastructure and readiness, educator capacity and awareness, and content quality and relevance among others; the study further revealed that to a high extent, lecturers in Nigerian universities are aware of OERs available for teaching and learning. The study recommended that Institutions should develop and implement comprehensive training programs specially tailored to the needs and conditions of vocational and technical education lecturers in Northeast Nigerian universities. And The National Council of Universities should recommend increased institutional support and resources to facilitate the integration of OER into vocational and technical education programs
A Review on Bibliometric Application Software
Authors: Maliha Hasna
Published: April 2024

Bibliometrics was originally introduced by Pritchard and Nalimov and Mulchencko in 1969. Pritchard said bibliometrics is a method that uses mathematics and statistics on books and other communication media. Nalimov and Mulchenko define scientometrics as a qualitative method that deals with the analysis of science as an information process. The next development of bibliometrics is informatics related to electronic media so that it uses statistical analysis of text or hypertex systems, as well as information measurement from electronic libraries. Currently, there are several software for conducting bibliometric studies. Some of them are: VosViewer, Histcite, CiteSpace, CitNetExplorer, Bibliometrix R Package, PoP (Publish or Perish), BibExcel. This study aims to determine the development map and trend of Bibliometric Software published by well-known journals in the field of journal publishing. The data analyzed were more than 501 publications of research publications indexed Scopus. The export data was then processed and analyzed using the R Biblioshiny application program to find out the bibliometric map of Bibliometric Software development. The results showed that the number of publications on the development of the role of bibliometric research continues to increase.
PENGARUH BRAND TRUST DAN MARKETING PUBLIC RELATION TERHADAP KEPUTUSAN NASABAH MENGGUNAKAN PRODUK TABUNGAN BATARA HAJI DAN UMRAH BTN iB
Authors: Agustina Mia Septiani , Fiandi Mufti , Ramayanti Tariza Putri
Published: April 2024

Penelitian ini menggunakan metode deskriptif kuantitatif, total sampelnya sejumlah 98 orang, adapun responden yang dipakai yakni nasabah tabungan batara haji dan umrah BTN iB. Teknik untuk mengumpulkan data yaitu melalui wawancara pihak bank serta memberikan kuesioner pada responden. Dalam menganalisis dan membuktikan hal tersebut, maka digunakan uji asumsi klasik meliputi : uji validitas, uji reliabilitas, normalitas, multikolinieritas, heteroskedastisitas selanjutnya pengujian hipotesis mencakup : uji T, R2 , F kemudian regresi linier berganda dan regresi linier sederhana.
PENGARUH KOMPENSASI DAN PROMOSI JABATAN TERHADAP KINERJA KARYAWAN PT. BANK SULSELBAR
Authors: Arifuddin Arifuddin , Anugrah Ilahi Andi Alfianto
Published: April 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menjelaskan Pengaruh Kompensasi dan Promosi Jabatan secara Parsial Terhadap Kinerja Karyawan pada PT.Bank Sulselbar Parepare dan menjelaskan Pengaruh Kompensasi dan Promosi Jabatan secara simultan Terhadap Kinerja Karyawan pada PT.Bank Sulselbar Parepare. Metode analisis data yang digunakan yaitu analisis deskriftif, uji validitas, uji reliabilitas, analisis linear berganda, uji t (Parsial), uji F (Simultan), dan uji detrerminasi (R2). Jenis penelitian ini menggunakan 2 metode penelitian yaitu data kualitatif dan kuantitafif. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa (1) Kompensasi berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap kinerja karyawan diperoleh nilai t hitung > t tabel yaitu sebesar 3.052 > 2.019, (2)Promosi jabatan berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap kinerja karyawan diperoleh nilai t hitung  >  t tabel yaitu sebesar 3.954 > 2.019 dan (3)Kompensasi dan Promosi jabatan berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap kinerja karyawan diperoleh nilai F hitung > F tabel yaitu sebesar 29.944 > 3.23.