bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Motivação e ginástica artística no contexto extracurricular
Authors: Carbinatto Michele Viviene , Tsukamoto Mariana , Lopes Priscila , Nunomura Myrian
Published: May 2018

As atividades extracurriculares nas escolas de ensino formal vêm crescendo progressivamente, principalmente, devido aos interesses econômicos e familiares, que desejam que as crianças e os jovens permaneçam, o maior tempo possível, inserida num ambiente que favoreça o cultivo de valores educativos, morais e de cidadania. O Colégio Salesiano Dom Bosco de Americana/SP oferece, desde 2003, diversas atividades, sendo nosso foco de interesse a ginástica artística (GA), pois o número de adeptos foi crescente nos últimos anos, o que instigou nossa curiosidade pelos motivos que levariam as crianças a optarem por esta. Para tanto, realizamos uma entrevista semi-estruturada com 54 alunos participantes dessas aulas sobre os motivos que os levaram a optar pela atividade em questão. Para analise dos dados foi utilizado a técnica da Análise de Conteúdo, proposta por Bardin. Como resultados, encontramos dois grandes grupos de motivos: os extrínsecos (aspectos sociais; mídia; família, ambiente físico; saúde; professor e treinamento de alto nível) e os intrínsecos (competência esportiva; prazer pela pratica; auto-superação; aspectos lúdicos). Quando atividades extracurriculares são propostas, ou seja, atividades opcionais em que o indivíduo se envolve por interesse próprio e diferentes motivos, é importante que o professor compreenda as razões do envolvimento para que possa intervir de forma pontual e efetiva. Assim, aumentam-se as chances de que os métodos e as atividades se aproximem aos interesses, necessidades e expectativas de cada um dos envolvidos.
A pedagogia do esporte aplicada às lutas
Authors: Lourenço Filho Armando
Published: May 2018

Pedagogia do esporte aplicada às lutas foi escrito a partir da monografia de graduação de 2006 do autor Mauro Breda, que é especialista em Ciências do Esporte pela UNICAMP, graduado em Educação Física pelo Centro Universitário Adventista de São Paulo, faixa preta, terceiro Dan em caratê de contato e ministra aulas da modalidade dentro e fora do Brasil. Os outros autores têm sua formação na área de Educação Física pela UNICAMP: Larissa Galatti é mestre, Alcides José Scaglia é doutor e Roberto Rodrigues Paes é doutor e professor livre-docente da graduação e pós-graduação na mesma instituição.
Formação de professores Guarani e Kaiowá: interculturalidade e decolonialidade no ensino de matemática
Authors: Oliveira Maria Aparecida Mendes , Mendes Jackeline Rodrigues
Published: May 2018

O presente artigo propõe uma reflexão sobre as relações entre saberes (matemáticos) de diferentes matizes/origens, provenientes das práticas culturais de um determinado grupo étnico e do mundo acadêmico e escolar, no processo de formação inicial de professores indígenas, bem como na formação continuada, a partir de sua inserção nos anos finais do Ensino Fundamental e no Ensino Médio em escolas indígenas de suas comunidades. A reflexão aqui apresentada é sustentada em estudos sobre interculturalidade e decolonialidade do saber. Partimos da fala de professores Guarani e Kaiowá, em Mato Grosso do Sul, egressos do curso de Licenciatura Intercultural Indígena da Universidade Federal da Grande Dourados-UFGD. As falas destes profissionais da educação revelam os tensionamentos produzidos nessas relações e coloca em questionamento a lógica de hierarquização entre os saberes presentes no modelo de colonialidade.  As relações entre saberes, estabelecidos no modelo imposto pelas estruturas, pelos sistemas de poder e pelos conhecimentos coloniais, mantidos e reproduzidos nos espaços institucionais, são colocadas em questão com a presença dos indígenas na universidade e nas escolas indígenas. E esta presença configura como processo de resistência a este modelo. Desta forma, interculturalidade e a decolonialidade são projetos que estão ligados à luta por uma escola indígena diferenciada, e sempre em construção, permeada por uma série de tensões.
Use of a Total Shoulder Arthroplasty in a Patient with Minimally Painful Severe Glenohumeral Arthritis and a Progressive Plexopathy
Authors: Triplet Jacob J. , Kurowicki Jennifer , Rosas Samuel , Levy Jonathan C.
Published: May 2018

Case:

A 70-year-old woman presented with severe but minimally painful right glenohumeral osteoarthritis (OA), with progressive weakness and numbness radiating to the right hand. Imaging revealed a large fluid collection extending from the joint to the subcoracoid space, with a mass effect on the brachial plexus. A total shoulder arthroplasty (TSA) and decompression of a ganglion cyst were performed. Follow-up with serial electromyography demonstrated resolution of the brachial plexopathy and restoration of function.

Conclusion:

Ganglion cysts may arise secondary to severe glenohumeral OA and may compress the surrounding structures, producing a progressive plexopathy. Treatment of the underlying pathology with a TSA may be effective.
New Tubular-Design Ellipse With Backup Pressure
Authors: Goodman Malcolm A. , Kalil Issa A. , McSpadden Albert R. , Coker Oliver D.
Published: May 2018

This paper proposes a tubular-design ellipse dependent on backup pressure (internal pressure for collapse and external pressure for burst), so that the latest American Petroleum Institute (API) collapse-resistance equations (API TR 5C32015) with dependence on internal pressure can be shown simultaneously on the same plot with the ellipse. Unlike the current ellipse used widely in the industry for casing-and-tubing design, which is approximate, the proposed ellipse is exact for collapse, burst, and axial loads. Without the proposed ellipse, use of the approximate ellipse will continue, requiring separate plots for the API collapse-resistance equations. Example cases demonstrate the advantages of the proposed ellipse, including increased accuracy. Results help clarify questions regarding the origin and use of the 2015 API collapse-resistance equations.
Silicon Accumulation and Distribution in Petunia and Sunflower Grown in a Rice Hull-amended Substrate
Authors: Boldt Jennifer K. , Locke James C. , Altland James E.
Published: May 2018

Silicon (Si) is a plant beneficial element associated with the mitigation of abiotic and biotic stresses. Most greenhouse-grown ornamentals are considered low Si accumulators based on foliar Si concentration. However, Si accumulates in all tissues, and there is little published data on the distribution of Si in plants. This knowledge may be critical to using Si to mitigate tissue-specific plant stresses, e.g., pathogens. Therefore, we quantified Si accumulation and distribution in petunia (Petunia ×hybrida Hort. Vilm.-Andr. ‘Dreams Pink’), a low Si accumulator, and sunflower (Helianthus annuus L. ‘Pacino Gold’), a high Si accumulator. Plants were grown in a sphagnum peat: perlite substrate amended with 0% (−Si) or 20% (+Si) parboiled rice hulls for 53 (petunia) or 72 days (sunflower). Aboveground dry weight was greater in nonamended petunia (13%) and sunflower (18%), compared with rice hull–amended plants, but days to flower was unaffected. Sunflowers grown in the rice hull–amended substrate had the greatest Si concentration in leaves (10,909 mg·kg−1), whereas roots (895 mg·kg−1), stems (303 mg·kg−1), and flowers (252 mg·kg−1) had lower, but similar Si concentrations. In petunia, Si concentration was greatest in leaves (2036 mg·kg−1), then roots (1237 mg·kg−1), followed by stems (301 mg·kg−1), and flowers (247 mg·kg−1). The addition of rice hulls to the substrate increased Si concentration in sunflower 414% in roots, 512% in flowers, 611% in stems, and 766% in leaves. By contrast, Si concentration in petunia increased only 7% in flowers, 105% in stems, and 115% in leaves, but increased 687% in roots. In rice hull–amended sunflowers, the distribution of Si was 91% in leaves, 3% in stems, 3% in roots, and 3% in flowers, and in petunia, it was 72% in leaves, 17% in stems, 6% in roots, and 5% in flowers.
Evaluation of Herbicide Programs in Florida Cabbage Production
Authors: Yu Jialin , Boyd Nathan S. , Dittmar Peter J.
Published: May 2018

In Florida, cabbage (Brassica oleracea L.) is typically grown without a plastic mulch and as a result, weeds are a significant problem in most fields. Experiments were conducted from Nov. 2015 to Apr. 2016 in Balm, Citra, and Parrish, FL, to evaluate weed control and ‘Bravo’ cabbage tolerance to multiple herbicide programs applied pretransplanting (PRE-T), posttransplanting (POST-T), PRE-T followed by (fb) a sequential application at 3 weeks after transplanting (WATP), and POST-T fb sequential application at 3 WATP. PRE-T herbicide treatments of 277 g a.i./ha clomazone, 280 g a.i./ha oxyfluorfen, and 798 g a.i./ha pendimethalin and POST-T herbicide treatments of 6715 g a.i./ha dimethyl tetrachloroterephthalate (DCPA) were ineffective, and weed control never exceeded 70% in Balm and provided <50% weed control in Citra and Parrish at 6 and 8 WATP, respectively. POST-T applications of napropamide + S-metolachlor at 2242 + 1770 g a.i./ha, DCPA + S-metolachlor at 6715 + 1170 g a.i./ha, and S-metolachlor POST-T fb clopyralid at 1170 g a.i./ha fb 210 g ae/ha were the most effective herbicide treatments and consistently provided >70% weed control. In addition, results showed that all of the herbicide treatments evaluated except the PRE application of clomazone at 277 g a.i./ha are safe for cabbage with no adverse effect on yield.
Key Factors Influencing Weed Infestation of Cool-season Turfgrass Festuca arundinacea Schreb. Areas during Early Spring in the Tianjin Region, China
Authors: Zhang Jin-wei , Liu Yi-xue , Yu Jin-ping , Zhang Wei , Xie Ya-qiong , Ge Ning-ning
Published: May 2018

In the early Spring of 2015 and 2016, weed infestation surveys were conducted in areas of cool-season turfgrass Festuca arundinacea Schreb. at 23 sites within Tianjin municipality in northern China. The weed community within turfgrass areas comprised 37 weed species belonging to 14 families. Perennial weeds accounted for 45.9% of the total community of weed species, whereas annual or biennial weeds accounted for 54.1%. Asteraceae was the dominant family (43.2%), and the percentage of broadleaved weeds was 94.6%. Statistical analyses of the weed dominance index (integrating weed relative height and relative coverage) and relative abundance (integrating weed relative density, frequency, and uniformity) showed that the 10 most common weed species during the early spring were Ixeris polycephala Cass., Taraxacum mongolicum Hand.-Mazz., Inula japonica Thunb., Hemistepta lyrata Bge., Trigonotis pedunclaris (Trev.) Benth., Calystegia hederacea Wall., Lepidium apetalum Willd., Plantago asiatica L., Cirsium segetum Bge., and Ixeris sonchifolia Hance. Ixeris polycephala Cass. and T. mongolicum Hand.-Mazz were the most dominant and harmful weed species. Partial correlation analysis (PACA) indicated that the deterioration rate (percentage of bare soil or coverage of plants other than turfgrass) of the turfgrass area was significantly and positively correlated with the total dominance index [(TDI), an index to evaluate the weed infestation severity)] and that the soil organic matter (SOM) and salinity factors were negatively correlated with the TDI. Factors such as soil nutrient conditions (the contents of N, P, and K and the total N), soil physical properties (density and clay content), soil moisture, soil temperature, and soil pH did not correlate significantly with the TDI. We conclude that the deterioration rate was the most important factor influencing weed infestation in the early spring and that SOM and soil salinity might also be important factors. The results of this study can help turfgrass researchers and managers identify the most harmful weed species and integrate management strategies in areas of cool-season turfgrass F. arundinacea Schreb. during early spring in the Tianjin region, China.
Greenhouse Gas Emissions from Pecan Orchards in Semiarid Southern New Mexico
Authors: Kellum Darby S. , Shukla Manoj K. , Mexal John , Deb Sanjit
Published: May 2018

Greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions are fueling global climate change, with methane and nitrous oxide being the primary agricultural gases emitted. It has been shown that N2O emissions correlate to moisture content fluctuations; however, emissions from agricultural fields in the semiarid regions of the Southwest where rewetting events occur regularly are not well established. The scope of this study was to quantify GHG emissions in correlation to soil moisture fluctuations and fertilizer application. The study was conducted continuously in two pecan [Carya illinoinensis (Wangenh.) K. Koch] orchards between Aug. 2010 and Aug. 2011 on a sandy loam soil (La Mancha) and a silty clay loam soil (Leyendecker), both under normal management practices. The small chamber technique was used to measure GHGs. Emissions varied greatly throughout the year. The largest flux of CO2 at La Mancha and Leyendecker both occurred during a drying event immediately following an irrigation event: 84,642.49 μg·m−2·h−1 and 30,338.24 μg·m−2·h−1, respectively. The net CH4 flux at Leyendecker and La Mancha was close to zero with the largest emissions occurring during wetting events. Results showed that N2O emissions were maintained near the baseline except for the few days following an irrigation event. The largest emission peak at La Mancha occurred after irrigation and nitrogen application: 322.06 μg·m−2·h−1. The largest emission peaks of 26.37 and 1.13 μg·m−2·h−1 at Leyendecker and La Mancha, respectively, occurred after irrigation, nitrogen application, and tillage. Nitrogen application was the driving factor affecting N2O emissions at La Mancha, whereas soil moisture content was the driving factor at Leyendecker. Emission factors (EFs) at La Mancha and Leyendecker were 0.49% and 0.05%, respectively. A thorough accounting of GHG emissions is necessary for budgeting and identifying mitigation policy.
Postharvest Dry Matter and Soluble Solids Content Prediction in d’Anjou and Bartlett Pear Using Near-infrared Spectroscopy
Authors: Goke Alex , Serra Sara , Musacchi Stefano
Published: May 2018

Dry matter (DM) has recently been proposed as a new quality index for apple, inspiring similar investigations in other tree fruit crops. Near-infrared spectroscopy (NIR) enables the nondestructive estimation of DM and other quality attributes, although the accuracy and reliability of this technology on North American pear varieties remain untested. In this study, predictive NIR regression models were developed for nondestructive determination of postharvest DM and soluble solids content (SSC) in d’Anjou and Bartlett pears (Pyrus communis L.) using a commercially available NIR spectrometer. At calibration, models performed reliably with coefficients of determination (R2) of 0.940 (DM) and 0.908 (SSC) for model trained on d’Anjou pears and 0.860 (DM) and 0.839 (SSC) for model trained on Bartlett pears. Application of the models to independent validation datasets demonstrated acceptable performance with R2 values ranging from 0.722–0.901 and 0.651–0.844 between measured and predicted DM and SSC values, respectively. Differences in performance can be attributed to the different DM and SSC values and maturity levels between the fruit used for model calibration and those in the validation datasets. Although not all models developed in this study were accurate enough for quantitative determinations, NIR devices may be useful for orchard management decisions and fruit sorting purposes.
Irrigation Requirements for Seed Production of Three Leguminous Wildflowers of the U.S. Intermountain West
Authors: Shock Clinton C. , Feibert Erik B.G. , Rivera Alicia , Saunders Lamont D. , Shaw Nancy , Kilkenny Francis F.
Published: May 2018

Increasing the supply of native wildflower seed is essential for restoring burned and degraded wildlands in the Intermountain West. Limitations to wildland seed collection necessitate development of effective cultural practices to improve reliability of seed production in agricultural fields. Irrigation trials were conducted over multiple years for three perennial species in the Fabaceae family [Dalea ornata (Douglas ex Hook.) Eaton & J. Wright, Dalea searlsiae (A. Gray) Barneby, and Astragalus filipes Torr. ex A. Gray]. Each of the three species was grown at the Oregon State University Malheur Experiment Station, Ontario, OR and received 0, 100, or 200 mm·year−1 of drip irrigation in four equal biweekly increments during bud formation and flowering. Seed yield responses to irrigation were evaluated by linear and quadratic regression against 1) applied water, 2) applied water plus spring precipitation, 3) applied water plus winter and spring precipitation, and 4) applied water plus fall, winter, and spring precipitation. In general, seed yields responded quadratically to irrigation. Adding fall, winter, and spring precipitation to applied water improved the accuracy of estimated water requirements for maximum seed production of D. ornata and D. searlsiae. For D. ornata, the highest yields averaged 396 kg·ha−1 and ranged from 146 to 545 kg·ha−1. Averaged over 6 years, seed yield of D. ornata was highest with applied water plus fall, winter, and spring precipitation totaling 393 mm. For D. searlsiae, the highest yields averaged 260 kg·ha−1 and ranged from 51 to 424 kg·ha−1. Averaged over 6 years, seed yield of D. searlsiae was highest with applied water plus fall, winter, and spring precipitation totaling 412 mm. Seed yields of A. filipes ranged from 7 to 110 kg·ha−1 depending on year and averaged 40 kg·ha1 over 6 years. Seed yields of A. filipes did not respond to irrigation in any of the 5 years of testing.
Nitrogen Fertilization in Soil Affects Physiological Characteristics and Quality of Green Tea Leaves
Authors: Xiao Fang , Yang Zaiqiang , Huang Haijing , Yang Fei , Zhu Liyun , Han Dong
Published: May 2018

To study the effects of soil nitrogen (N) fertilization on tea growth, quality and yield, a controlled experiment with green tea [Camellia sinensis (L.) O. Ktze] was conducted. Five N fertilization treatments in soil were designed: 0, 0.97, 1.94, 3.88, and 5.82 g/kg/pot, which were subsequently recorded as N0, N1, N2, N3, and N4. The changes to young shoot biomass, total N and carbon (C), Soil and Plant Analyzer Development (SPAD) value, photosynthetic parameters, senescent characteristics, endogenous hormones, and the quality of green tea leaves were investigated. The results showed that with the increase in N fertilization level, the young shoot biomass, total N and C, SPAD value, net photosynthetic rate (PN), transpiration rate (Tr), stomatal conductance (gS), superoxide dismutase activity, indoleacetic acid, gibberellin, zeatin (ZT), caffeine, and amino acids increased at first and then decreased, the maximums appeared at 3.88 g/kg/pot; whereas the intercellular CO2 concentration (Ci), malondialdehvde contents, abscisic acid (ABA), polyphenol contents, and the ratio of polyphenols (PP) to free amino acid decreased at first and then increased, the minimums appeared at 3.88 g/kg/pot. The immediately significant change in all parameters appeared after 1 month of N treatments. The experiment showed that 3.88 g/kg/pot N fertilization level was the best for growth, quality, and yield of tea, which could provide a theoretical basis for short-term N fertilization management in tea tree.
Cytogenetics and Genome Size Evolution in Illicium L.
Authors: Ranney Thomas G. , Ryan Connor F. , Deans Lauren E. , Lynch Nathan P.
Published: May 2018

Illicium is an ancient genus and member of the earliest diverging angiosperms known as the Amborellales, Nymphaeales, and Austrobaileyales (ANA) grade. These adaptable, broadleaf evergreen shrubs, including ≈40 species distributed throughout Asia and North America, are valued for diverse culinary, medicinal, and ornamental applications. The study of cytogenetics of Illicium can clarify various discrepancies and further elucidate chromosome numbers, ploidy, and chromosome and genome size evolution in this basal angiosperm lineage and provide basic information to guide plant breeding and improvement programs. The objectives of this study were to use flow cytometry and traditional cytology to determine chromosome numbers, ploidy levels, and relative genome sizes of cultivated Illicium. Of the 29 taxa sampled, including ≈11 species and one hybrid, 2C DNA contents ranged from 24.5 pg for Illicium lanceolatum to 27.9 pg for Illicium aff. majus. The genome sizes of Illicium species are considerably higher than other ANA grade lineages indicating that Illicium went through considerable genome expansion compared with sister lineages. The New World sect. Cymbostemon had a slightly lower mean 2C genome size of 25.1 pg compared with the Old World sect. Illicium at 25.9 pg, providing further support for recognizing these taxonomic sections. All taxa appeared to be diploid and 2n = 2x = 28, except for Illicium floridanum and Illicium mexicanum which were found to be 2n = 2x = 26, most likely resulting from dysploid reduction after divergence into North America. The base chromosome number of x = 14 for most Illicium species suggests that Illicium are ancient paleotetraploids that underwent a whole genome duplication derived from an ancestral base of x = 7. Information on cytogenetics, coupled with phylogenetic analyses, identifies some limitations, but also considerable potential for the development of plant breeding and improvement programs with this genus.
Mapping the Preferences of Adult and Child Consumers for California-grown Navel Oranges
Authors: Simons Tyler , Sivertsen Hanne , Guinard Jean-Xavier
Published: May 2018

Citrus consumers from Northern California–235 adults (age 18+) and 106 children (ages 8–12)–rated their overall liking and liking for appearance, flavor, and texture, as well as adequacy of sweetness, sourness, firmness, and juiciness for 10 commercially available, California-grown navel oranges (Citrus sinensis). Descriptive analysis measures and sugar/acid values were also collected for the fruit. Four adult and two child preference clusters were identified. Adult positive drivers of liking consisted of sweetness, soluble solids content (SSC), overall flavor, orange flavor, and juiciness. A small adult cluster showed a significant preference for acidic fruit. Both segments of child consumers mirrored most of the adults’ preferences. This study shows the homogeneity of multiple cultivars of navel oranges grown in California that are currently available to consumers and confirms past studies that the main drivers of liking consist of sweetness, juiciness, and orange flavor, among others. Just-about-right (JAR) ratings acted to confirm multiple attributes that correlated to liking. The findings presented here have implications for future marketing.
Yield and Soluble Solids Content of Winter-grown Spinach in Unheated High Tunnels in New England
Authors: Orde Kaitlyn M. , Eaton Connor , Sideman Rebecca G.
Published: May 2018

Fall planting of spinach (Spinacia oleracea L.) into high tunnels for harvest from late fall through early spring is widely practiced in the northeastern United States, but replicated studies focusing on this production system are lacking. The objectives of our study were to understand the effect of fall planting date (PD) and cultivar on yield and soluble solids content (SSC) of spinach. Three cultivars (Regiment, Space, and Tyee) were transplanted in unheated high tunnels in Durham, NH, in 2014–15 (Year 1) and 2015–16 (Year 2) at six different fall dates: 20 Sept., 30 Sept., 9 Oct., 19 Oct., 30 Oct., and 9 Nov. Five additional cultivars (Carmel, Corvair, Gazelle, Emperor, and Renegade) were included at the third date (9 Oct.) to compare yield and SSC among cultivars during winter months. A randomized complete block design with four replications was used for all experiments. Year and fall transplant date had a significant effect on total yield. Total yield of Year 2 was nearly double that of Year 1 for all PDs and cultivars. In both years, total yield decreased with later planting, such that yield from the 20 Sept. date was greater than a minimum of three of five subsequent PDs, depending on year. Total yield in spring (January through April) did not differ among the first four PDs in Year 1 or among any dates in Year 2, suggesting that a wide range of PDs will work well for those primarily interested in spring harvests. Combined analyses of the data from both years showed no significant differences in total yield among the eight cultivars planted only on 9 Oct. However, of the three cultivars grown at all PDs, Regiment produced significantly higher yields than Tyee. Harvest date, cultivar, and harvest date × cultivar affected leaf and petiole sap SSC in both years. SSC was most strongly negatively correlated with air and soil temperatures at a 10-day interval in Year 1 (R2 = 0.61 and 0.64, respectively) and a 7-day interval in Year 2 (R2 = 0.78 and 0.69, respectively). ‘Gazelle’ and ‘Emperor’ contained among the highest SSC in both years. Our work demonstrates total yield is highly dependent on fall PD and the growing conditions of a given year.
Micropropagation of Buttonwood Tree (Conocarpus erectus) through Axillary Shoot Proliferation
Authors: Dewir Yaser Hassan , Aldubai Abdulhakim A. , El-Hendawy Salah , Alsadon Abdullah A. , Seliem Mayada Kadry , Naidoo Yougasphree
Published: May 2018

A method for micropropagation of Conocarpus erectus through axillary shoot proliferation is presented. Shoot tips were excised from adult donor tree and cultured for 4 weeks on Murashige and Skoog’s (MS) medium supplemented with 3 mg·L−1 gibberellic acid (GA3) to induce sprouting of shoots and formation of axillary shoots. Conocarpus erectus shoots were cultured for 6 weeks on MS medium supplemented with different concentrations and combinations of plant growth regulators (PGRs) and proliferation of the shoots was monitored. The type and concentration of cytokinins applied had a significant influence on shoot proliferation responses. Supplementation with 6-benzylaminopurine (BAP) increased the rate of shoot proliferation compared with other cytokinins. The use of BAP in combination with auxins such as indole-3-butyric acid (IBA) and naphthalene acetic acid (NAA) resulted in an increased number of shoots per explant compared with treatment with BAP alone. A combination of 2 mg·L−1 BAP and 0.5 mg·L−1 IBA produced the highest number of axillary shoots (7.8 shoots/explant). The best rooting medium was full-strength MS medium supplemented with 1 mg·L−1 IBA; this treatment yielded 80% rooting with an average of 3.5 roots per plantlet. All regenerated plantlets were successfully acclimatized to greenhouse conditions.
New Insights into Soybean Biological Nitrogen Fixation
Authors: Ciampitti Ignacio A. , Salvagiotti Fernando
Published: May 2018

Core Ideas

As N2 fixation (%) increased, seed production per N2 fixation decreased.

The N‐gap between crop N uptake and N supplied by N2 fixation rose when contribution from biological N2 fixation increased.

The partial N balance revealed negative values across all N derived from the atmosphere levels.

Yield was negatively related to partial N balance when N derived from the atmosphere was below 42%.

Soybean biological N2 fixation (BNF) relationships with fertilizer N and yield response have been comprehensively reviewed in the scientific literature. However, the study of the N‐gap between N uptake and N supplied by N2 fixation, and the partial N balance (fixed N in aboveground biomass – N seeds) needs further investigation. Therefore, the goals of this synthesis–analysis were to (i) quantify seed production per unit of fixed N under different amounts of N derived from the atmosphere (NDFA, %), (ii) study the N‐gap and explore limitations of N2 fixation (kg ha−1) for satisfying plant N demand, and (iii) calculate a partial N balance for soybean and determine its relationship with the N2 fixation process. Data was gathered from 1955 through 2016 using studies reporting BNF, seed yield, and plant N uptake (n = 733 data points). The main outcomes of this review were (i) as NDFA increased, seed production per N2 fixation decreased (from 0.033 to 0.017 Mg yield kg−1 N from low, 28%, to high, 80%, NDFA); (ii) N‐gap increased faster when NDFA values were above 80% and after plant N content was above 370 kg N ha−1 suggesting that the crop needs additional N for coping yield potential; and (iii) when excluding roots, the partial N balance calculation revealed negative values across all NDFA levels. Future studies should consider a holistic approach to quantify the contribution of BNF in overall N cycling, including N contribution from roots, and to better understand the soil × plant × rhizobia interactions.
Política dos 3 R's aplicada à gestão de resíduos de televisores no Município de Franca (Estado de São Paulo, Brasil)
Authors: Viana Eliezer Pessoni , Dandaro Fernando
Published: May 2018

A logística reversa é um importante instrumento para o atual panorama competitivo das empresas. Nesse trabalho, o foco foi descrever a logística reversa como forma de gestão dos resíduos de produtos de pós-consumo. Assim, o objetivo deste trabalho, realizado em empresas de reparos, vendas, manutenção de televisores e componentes eletrônicos utilizados nesses aparelhos no Município de Franca, foi identificar os principais componentes eletrônicos e aplicar a política dos 3R's como forma de gerenciamento desses resíduos nessas empresas. Para tanto, como procedimentos metodológicos, utilizou-se o levantamento bibliográfico exploratório e a pesquisa de campo de caráter descritivo, com a utilização de questionários e uma entrevista aplicada em empresas de componentes eletrônicos de Franca, obtendo dados para uma análise quantitativa. Como resultado, verificou-se através da pesquisa de campo, a confirmação de que há a falta de gerenciamento na Logística Reversa e aplicação da política dos 3R's quanto à redução, reutilização e reciclagem dos materiais em todas as empresas pesquisadas. Constatou-se que 50% das empresas pesquisadas praticam a reutilização, 25% das empresas praticam reutilização e reciclagem e 25% das empresas não praticam nenhum processo, contribuindo então para que esses resíduos sejam levados ao aterro sanitário da cidade. Sendo assim, foi visto que é necessária a aplicação da Política Nacional dos Resíduos Sólidos (PNRS), políticas dos 3R's e a Logística Reversa, porém de forma adequada.
Análise florística e fitossociológica de quatro áreas de caatinga sob diferentes densidades de caprinos no Cariri Paraibano, Brasil
Authors: Luna Rômulo Gil de , Andrade Albericio Pereira de , Souto Jacob Silva , Luna João Gil de
Published: May 2018

A Caatinga é o bioma que cobre o semiárido brasileiro e sua heterogeneidade ambiental clama por mais estudos que possibilitem melhor conhecer sua biodiversidade ainda subestimada. Objetivou-se neste estudo contribuir para o conhecimento deste bioma a partir de análises florística e fitossociológica em áreas contíguas de caatinga, sob diferentes densidades de caprinos, visando à utilização de alguns parâmetros como indicadores de desertificação. O estudo foi realizado na Fazenda Experimental Bacia Escola (7o 24' S; 36o 32' W), no Município de São João do Cariri, Estado da Paraíba. A densidade de caprinos foi de 3 animais/ha e 1,5 animais/ha, nas áreas I e II, respectivamente; e sem animais nas áreas III e IV. Foram plotadas 30 parcelas de 10 m x 10 m em cada área experimental, distribuídas ao longo de três linhas de faixas paralelas. Em cada parcela foram incluídos apenas indivíduos vivos de porte arbóreo-arbustivo que apresentaram CNS (circunferência ao nível do solo) maior que 9,5 cm e At (altura total) maior que 1,0 m. Foram registrados nas quatro áreas 1.275 indivíduos, distribuídos em 413 indivíduos, seis famílias e nove espécies; 332 indivíduos, sete famílias e nove espécies; 315 indivíduos, seis famílias e nove espécies e 215 indivíduos, quatro famílias e sete espécies entre as áreas I, II, III e IV, respectivamente. As Famílias Fabaceae, Euphorbiaceae, Apocynaceae e Cactacea foram as que exibiram os maiores números de indivíduos, e as espécies Poyncianella pyramidalis, Aspidosperma pyrifolium, Pilosocereus gounellei e Croton sonderianus exibiram os maiores valores para todos os parâmetros fitossociológico analisados. A área III apresentou o maior índice de diversidade florística de Shannon e Weaver. Houve maior grau de similaridade florística entre as comunidades I e III, e menor entre II e IV. A taxa de mortalidade das plantas nos últimos quatro anos foi de 77,7%, 66% e 71%, respectivamente nas áreas I, II e III. Nas áreas I e II predominaram indivíduos com altura entre 100 e 200 cm, e diâmetro entre 3 e 43 cm, nas áreas I e II. A diversidade florística e a densidade de indivíduos foram consideradas baixas e vêm diminuindo nos últimos quatro anos. O pastejo imputado nas áreas, aliado aos rigores dos fatores físicos e químicos limitantes e ao histórico de degradação por elas sofridas, parece estarem contribuindo para o processo de desertificação daquelas fitocenoses, refletido sobretudo na perda da diversidade florística e do número de indivíduos que as constituem.
Levantamento e avaliação dos casos de leishmaniose visceral (calazar) no Município de Formosa do Rio Preto, Bahia, Brasil
Authors: Costa Edineuza Azevedo , Silva Marcília Martins da , Costa Tancio Gutier Ailan
Published: May 2018

As últimas décadas foram marcadas por grandes surtos de doenças vinculadas às más condições de vida em espaços urbanos, na maioria dos casos decorrentes da transmissão por mosquitos vetores, apontados como os principais causadores de doenças urbanas, como é o caso da leishmaniose visceral. Esta é uma doença infecto-parasitária, popularmente conhecida como calazar, que pode acometer tanto humanos quanto animais, principalmente os canídeos. Além disso, apresenta elevado potencial de mortalidade e ampla distribuição geográfica. Neste sentido, o presente estudo teve como objetivo quantificar a ocorrência de casos notificados de leishmaniose visceral em humanos e animais no Município de Formosa do Rio Preto (Estado da Bahia), através da obtenção de dados de ocorrência no período de 2010 a 2016, junto à Secretaria Municipal de Saúde, levantamento bibliográfico, em nível nacional, estadual e municipal. A partir dos dados obtidos, calculou-se as taxas de incidência para os casos notificados em humanos. O estudo constatou que no período avaliado o município apresentou um total de oito casos de leishmaniose, notificados para humanos, e 360 para cães. Assim, a distribuição dos casos entre 2010 e 2016 apontou que o Município de Formosa do Rio Preto apresenta um pequeno histórico de casos confirmados da doença, sendo os maiores registros entre 2014 e 2015.
Safety Evaluation of Oil Samples Collected from Different Food Points of Multan City of Pakistan
Authors: Akhtar Saeed , Tanveer Mamoona , Ismail Amir , Ismail Tariq , Hussain Majid
Published: May 2018

Cooking oil has become a part and parcel of modern food system and therefore its safety is of prime significance for health agencies around the globe to ensure good health among the community. Current study was designed to investigate the physicochemical properties including free fatty acids, peroxide value and conjugated dienes; minerals (nickel & cobalt) and heavy metals (lead and cadmium) in oil samples collected from different areas of Multan city of Pakistan. The findings of this study revealed that free fatty acid percentages, conjugated dienes, cobalt and nickel concentrations were in normal ranges while the peroxide values, lead and cadmium concentrations were recorded above the norms. Strict regulatory measures need to be adopted to ensure good quality oil supply and to protect the people from health implications of physicochemical and metallic hazards prevailing in fried oils and fried foods.
Screening of marigold (Tagetes erecta L.) cultivars for drought stress based on vegetative and physiological characteristics
Authors: Younis Adnan , Riaz Atif , Qasim Muhammad , Mansoor Farakh , Zulfiqar Faisal , Tariq Usman , Ahsan Muhammad , Naseem M. Kaleem , Bhatti Zahid Mukhtar
Published: May 2018

Drought tolerance is an important genotypic character to be exploited for the plant cultivar selection under water deficit conditions. In the recent study, we examined the response of two marigold cultivars (Inca and Bonanza) under different regimes of drought stress. The aim was to determine the best performing cultivar under water/drought stress. Three irrigation treatments include; 4 days (T1), 6 days (T2) and 8 days (T3) in comparison to control 1 day (T0) interval were imposed. Response characters under study were morphological, physiological and anatomical. Complete Randomized Design (CRD) with four replications in two factorial arrangements was followed for experiment layout. The results revealed that increasing water stress adversely affect plant height, in both cultivars. Both cultivars showed a decreasing trend to the number of flowers under water stress. Total chlorophyll contents including a, b were also showed reduction under prolonged drought treatment in both cultivars from (2.7 mg g-1 FW) to (1 mg g-1 FW). Overall, the performance of cultivar (cv.) Inca was satisfactory under water stress regimes. These results are helpful for selecting drought tolerant marigold cultivars in water scarce areas.   
Entregas tardías o incorrectas en el autotransporte de carga y su relación con las condiciones laborales de los choferes: Un modelo de regresión logística
Authors: Berrones Sanz Luis David , Cano-Olivos Patricia , Sánchez-Partida Diana , Martínez Flores José Luis
Published: May 2018

Introducción: Los conductores del autotransporte de carga son un factor clave para satisfacer la eficiencia y la competitividad de las cadenas de suministro, por lo que están sometidos a exigencias que propician fuertes presiones derivadas de sus condiciones de trabajo. Sin embargo, no se tiene claramente identificado en qué medida, sus condiciones laborales, afectan la eficiencia de sus actividades. Este trabajo, busca identificar en qué medida las condiciones laborales de los conductores influyen en el incumplimiento de las entregas a tiempo y, por lo tanto, repercuten en la competitividad de las cadenas de suministro.Método: Se analizaron datos relacionados a 26,312 embarques que, en dos años, realizó una empresa de manufactura, que domina 80% de las ventas del mercado de sistemas de construcción ligera en México y que, por causas atribuidas al transportista, fueron calificados como entrega correcta o incorrecta. Debido a la naturaleza binaria de esta variable, se aplicó una regresión logística a los datos relacionados con el cumplimiento de embarques, para examinar la contribución de las condiciones laborales a los incumplimientos en las entregas a tiempo.Resultados: El modelo generado a través de la regresión logística ofrece una precisión global de la muestra de 96.3% en la predicción del evento incumplimiento de entrega en los embarques. De once variables independientes obtenidas de los embarques realizados, cinco -la insatisfacción, el nivel de estrés, el tiempo de tránsito, el tipo de vehículo y el tener seguridad social- se encontraron significativamente asociadas con el incumplimiento en las entregas a tiempo.Discusión o Conclusión: Los resultados muestran una herramienta prometedora para proporcionar interpretaciones significativas que pueden utilizarse para futuras mejoras en el desempeño de las empresas del autotransporte de carga. Asimismo, se demuestra la importancia de las condiciones laborales y la forma en que influyen en los incumplimientos de las entregas a tiempo.
Efecto de tres dietas energético-proteicas en la población y producción de miel de colonias de abejas melíferas (Apis mellifera)
Authors: Medina-Flores Carlos Aurelio , Guzmán-Novoa Ernesto , Saldivar frausto Sergio , Aguilera Soto Jairo Ivan
Published: May 2018

El objetivo del presente trabajo fue comparar el desarrollo poblacional, peso y la producción de miel de colonias de abejas (Apis mellifera) alimentadas con tres dietas energético-proteicas a base de un sustituto elaborado con levadura de cerveza y polen, en combinación con jarabe de maíz de alta fructosa al 55% (JMAF), o jarabe de sacarosa (JA), o jarabe de sacarosa invertido (JAI). Se utilizaron 90 colonias homogeneizadas en cuanto a tamaño poblacional, reservas de alimento y origen de las reinas, todas alimentadas con el suplemento proteico, pero además, 30 de ellas recibieron JMAF, 30 JA y 30 JAI. La población de abejas adultas, área de cría operculada, peso y producción de miel de las colonias se determinó a los 27, 49 y 76 días después de haber sido establecidas. Las colonias alimentadas con JMAF fueron significativamente más pesadas que las alimentadas con JA y JAI entre las cuales no hubo diferencias. Las colonias alimentadas con JMAF produjeron significativamente más miel (35.8±3.35 kg) que las alimentadas con JA (28.2±2.65) y con JAI (24.8±2.70 kg), entre las cuales no hubo diferencias. Los resultados sugieren que el uso de JMAF en combinación con un suplemento proteico en la alimentación de estímulo de colonias de abejas melíferas representa una opción más eficiente que el uso de JA y JAI con suplemento proteico.
Perspectiva sistémica en los procesos de capital humano en PyMEs orientadas al servicio de hospedaje
Authors: Núñez Ríos Juan Enrique , Sánchez Garcí Jacqueline Yvette , Tejeida Padilla Ricardo , Coria Páez Ana Lilia
Published: May 2018

Introducción: Las PyMEs de hospedaje operan en un entorno complejo cuyas restricciones minan su capacidad de adaptación ante perturbaciones. En dicho contexto, la gestión del capital humano se ve afectada vulnerando las operaciones y permanencia de estas organizaciones. Se considera que el capital humano es nodal para el equilibrio del sistema total, sin embargo, son pocos los modelos sistémicos específicos para PyMEs.Método: Se empleó el Método Sistémico para generar un diagnóstico sobre la situación percibida como problema, comprender la estructura del sistema y detectar las interrelaciones conflictivas, proponer un modelo conceptual para esbozar una solución. Dicho modelo se contrastó con la realidad para proponer nuevas interrelaciones que mejoren la dinámica organizacional encaminada al equilibrio viable de estas con su entorno.Resultados: Los sistemas relevantes que conforman el modelo conceptual fueron procesados mediante el Proceso de Jerarquización Analítica (AHP) y para cada uno se obtuvo 90% de consistencia. Esto significa que el modelo propuesto representa la realidad en la que opera el sistema objeto de estudio.Conclusión: El Método Sistémico permitió identificar actores relevantes, ubicarlos en un nivel de recursión y reconocer las relaciones conflictivas. El modelo conceptual no persigue el rediseño del organigrama de la organización, sino replantear las relaciones actuales para reducir obstáculos y apoyar a la adaptación continua de las organizaciones en cuestión. Lo anterior, contrasta con otros enfoques que se aplican para la gestión del capital humano dentro de empresas del sector turístico pues poseen una esencia lineal.
Efecto del subproducto industrial CaCO3 en los atributos de calidad, contenido fenólico y capacidad antioxidante de manzana cvs Golden Delicious y Top Red
Authors: Flores Córdova María Antonia , Soto Parra Juan Manuel , Salas Salazar Nora Aide , Sánchez Chávez Esteban , Piña Ramírez Francisco Javier
Published: May 2018

Introducción:   El calcio, es un nutriente importante para aumentar la calidad y rendimiento en los cultivos hortofrutícolas, ya que es considerado como el mineral más importante para la calidad de las manzanas, algunas investigaciones han demostrado su incidencia en la reducción de ciertas alteraciones fisiológicas (bitter pit, corazón acuoso y la descomposición interna), conseración de la firmeza de la pulpa y prevenir la incidencia de podredumbres fúngicas. El objetivo del presente estudio fue evaluar el efecto del subproducto industrial carbonato de calcio (CaCO3) en los atributos de calidad, contenido fenólico y capacidad antioxidante de manzanas cvs Golden Delicious y Top Red.Método: Se utilizaron árboles de 21 años de edad cultivados en la región de Cuauhtémoc, Chihuahua. México, los tratamientos fueron Kg ha-1 de CaCO3 (y su equivalente en Ca por ha): Testigo sin aplicación T1, 282.70 (100) T2;565.30 (200) T3; 847.90 (300) T4; 1130.60 (400) T5;1413.20 (500) T6; 1695.90 (600) T7; 1978.50 (700) T8; 2261.20 (800) T9;2543.80 (900) T10; 2826.50 (1000) T11; 3957.00 (1400) T12 respectivamente. Las variables evaluadas fueron: contenido de Ca, rendimiento, diámetro, peso, color, firmeza, sólidos solubles, acidez titulable, relación SST/acidez titulable, fenoles totales y capacidad antioxidante por el metódo de DPPH.                       Resultados: Los resultados mostraron diferencias estadísticas (p ≤ 0.05) entre cultivares, los tratamientos incrementaron el contenido de Ca, la firmeza fue significativamente más alta,  el cultivar Top Red presentó los valores más altos de compuestos fenólicos con 3.587 mg g-1  de ácido gálico, mientras que el cultivar Golden Delicious presentó la mayor capacidad antioxidante con 2.27 mg g-1 de Trolox.                      Discusión o Conclusión: Se concluye que la aplicación de CaCO3 influyó en los parámetros de calidad, contenido de compuestos fenólicos y capacidad antioxidante en las cultivares Top Red y Golden Delicious.
Effect of aluminum precursor on physicochemical properties of Al2O3 by hydrolysis/precipitation method
Authors: Romero Toledo Rafael , Ruiz Santoyo Víctor , Moncada Sánchez Cristina D. , Martínes Rosales Merced
Published: May 2018

This study reports the synthesis of mesoporous nano-fibrillar alumina prepared by hydrolysis-precipitation route from aqueous solution of aluminum sulfate analytical reagent (AR) compared to aluminum sulfate technical grade (TG) of low purity under similar conditions using ammonia as the precipitating agent. The phisicochemical properties of these samples was studied with the assistance of characterization techniques such as Thermogravimetric and differential thermal analysis (TG/DTGA–DTA), X-ray diffraction (XRD), N2 adsorption-desorption isotherms, Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, particles size and Transmission electron microscopy with energy-dispersive X-ray analysis (TEM/EDAX). The TG-DTA and XRD results show greater stability and a slightly greater crystallinity in Al2O3-TG sample than Al2O3-AR. N2 adsorption-desorption results show for both materials greatly surface area of 311 m2/g for Al2O3-TG and 272 m2/g for Al2O3-AR exhibiting characteristics of mesoporous materials. The FTIR results show a lower percentage of surface OH groups for Al2O3-TG showing a lower acidity due to the lower concentration of Al-OH species (AlIV). TEM measurements confirmed fibers size ranged from 20 to 100 nm for Al2O3-TG and 20-80 nm for Al2O3-AR. EDAX shows the presence of 0.20 % atomic of Mg as an impurity in Al2O3-TG, is attributed that this amount is sufficient to generate structural defects and decrease slightly acidity, likewise, extended the fibrillar chain of the alumina.
Análisis de transferencia de masa en modelos doble-continuos para biofiltración de compuestos orgánicos volátiles (COV)
Authors: Calderón Alvarado Martha Patricia , Oliveros Muñoz Juan Manuel , González Brambila Margarita Mercedes , Martinez González Gloria María , Jiménez Islas Hugo
Published: May 2018

El presente trabajo explora y discute la deducción y aplicación de un modelo matemático genérico (Modelo de Interacción de Múltiples Continuos, MIMC) en la predicción del comportamiento dinámico de la eficiencia de un biofiltro de lecho fijo tratando tolueno. Se presenta una estrategia de solución numérica, incluyendo un caso de estudio de validación. Posteriormente se presentan estudios de variación de dos números adimensionales (Péclet y Sherwood) y su efecto sobre el comportamiento de la eficiencia del biofiltro. Para dos fases interactuando (Modelos Doble Continuos, MDC), tres niveles de sofisticación son contrastados, concluyendo que el fenómeno de crecimiento (comprendiendo desde el proceso de inoculación hasta la saturación del lecho) es crucial para realizar el diseño y modelamiento en sistemas de biofiltración al emplear MIMC’s. Con MDC 2 se logró un ER<8% siendo el enfoque que más se acerca a los datos experimentales reportados en literatura.