bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Hastanemizde Tıp Fakültesi Öğrencilerinin Tütün Kullanma Durumları
Authors: ÇİLEKAR Şule , DUMANLI Ahmet , ÖZ Gürhan , GUNAY Ersin
Published: November 2019

GİRİŞ: Günümüzde birçok tütün çeşidi kullanılmaktadır. Tütün kullanma oranı gençler arasında yaygınlaşmaktadır. Bizde üniversitemizde sağlık alanı ile ilgili olan ve topluma göre sağlık alanında daha bilinçli olan tıp fakültesi öğrencilerinde tütün kullanma oranını ve etkileyici faktörleri belirlemeyi amaçladık.  YÖNTEM: 516 kişiden oluşan tüm tıp fakültesi öğrencilerine, sessiz ortamda,16 sorudan oluşan anket uygulandı. Anket tütün bağımlılığını ve bağımlılık derecelerini ölçecek düzeydeydi. BULGULAR: Öğrencilerin yaş ortalaması 21'di (min 18, max 33). Öğrencilerin 281'i (%54.5) kadındı.141'i (%27.3) özel yurtta, 117'si (%21.3) devlet yurdunda, 146'sı (%28.3) öğrenci evinde, 107'si (%20.7) ailesi ile kaldığını belirtmişti. Öğrencilerin 446'sı çekirdek aileye sahipti. 500'ünün ekonomik durumu orta düzeydeydi. Öğrencilerin 88'i (%17.1) sigara bağımlısı olduğunu belirtti. 11'i (%2.1) sigarayı bıraktığını ve 265'i (%51.4) hiç denemediğini belirtti. Öğrencilerin 52'si nargile, 3'ü elektronik sigara kullandığını belirtti. Tütün ürünleri kullanan toplam 128 öğrenci vardı ve bunların 103' ü (%80) tütün ürününü bırakmak istediğini belirtmiştir. Öğrencilerin 83'ü (%67) kullandığı tütün ürününü bırakmayı denediğini belirtmiştir. Öğrencilerin sadece 7' si (%1.4) tütün ürününü bırakmak için sağlık çalışanı yardımı aldığını belirtmiştir ve sadece 10'u (%1.9) sağlık çalışanı yardımını şu anda istediğini belirten cevabı işaretleyerek iletişim adresi bırakmıştır. SONUÇ: Çalışmamızda öğrencilerin sigara içme oranı birçok literatüre göre daha düşük orandaydı. Toplumda birer rol model olmaya aday tıp fakültesi öğrencilerinin özellikle bu konuda bilinçlendirilmesi gerekmektedir.
Curriculum Decolonisation and Revisionist Pedagogy of African Customary Law
Authors: Diala Anthony Chima
Published: November 2019

Fees-related protests in South African universities have pushed the decolonisation of the law curriculum to the front burner of academic discourse. As part of the curriculum, African customary law was marginalised in the courts, distorted by policy makers, and largely labelled as unfriendly to women and younger male children in issues of marriage, property, and succession. However, this normative system is shaped by the manner in which people adapt norms with agrarian origins to the socio-economic changes caused by colonial rule. In this historical context, scholars focus more on conflict of laws than on people's adaptation of indigenous norms to socioeconomic changes. So, in what ways should universities handle the pedagogy of African customary law? This article argues that colonialism endowed Africans with a new socio-legal identity, which questions the mainstream conceptualisation of customary law into "official" and "living" versions. Accordingly, the law curriculum should reflect this new identity and acknowledge the self-sustaining legacy of colonialism as a reality check on decolonisation. As the article suggests, re-conceptualising African customary law offers a framework for legal integration, especially in South Africa.
Ethnocultural Identity in the Works of Krasnoyarsk Artists
Authors: Amosova Maria A. , Koptseva Natalia P. , Sitnikova Alexandra A. , Seredkina Natalia N. , Zamaraeva Yulia S. , Kistova Anastasia V. , Reznikova Ksenia V. , Kolesnik Maria A. , Pimenova Natalia N.
Published: November 2019

The article scrutinizes the problem of understanding and presenting the ethnocultural identity of the indigenous peoples in the works of art. The authors describe the features of the image visualization regarding the indigenous peoples of the North in the works of artists of the Krasnoyarsk Krai. For this purpose there was made a thorough analysis of the most representative works in painting and graphics, namely, Konstantin Voynov’s painting “The Madonna Beyond the Polar Circle” (2009), Andrei Lekarenko’s painting “The Girl from Taimyr” (1959) and Valery Kudrinsky’s picture “The Northgirl” (1985). The analysis was based on the constructivist approach to identity and the principles of the modern theory of the fine arts stated by V. I. Zhukovsky and N. P. Koptseva. As a result, the researchers identified 1) three key stages of the Krasnoyarsk artists’ interest in painting the indigenous peoples of the North (starting from the beginning of the 20th century and ending at the beginning of the 21st century); 2) two main approaches to depicting the lifestyle of the indigenous peoples of the North (documentary-ethnographic and philosophical ones)
Knowledge for teaching justifications and proofs for future Mathematics teachers
Authors: Amorim Marta Élid , Pietropaolo Ruy César , Powell Arthur Belford
Published: November 2019

This article presents part of the discussions and results of a doctoral research project that analyzed issues related to the initial education of future math teachers, concerning the selection, organization, and preparation of situations that promote students’ academic learning of fundamental ideas related to justifications and proofs. This study involves a group of ten pre-service teachers who attend the Federal University of Sergipe. The first phase of data collection involved the application of diagnostic instruments. The second phase, named the ‘training process’, was carried out following principles of the Design Experiments methodology and aimed to investigate how activity sequences exploring knowledge about proofs, from a didactic and curricular perspective, foster new meanings for learning concepts and attitudes. To consider theoretically the knowledge that a mathematics teacher should possess, we considered the categories by Ball, Thames and Phelps. The answers by future teachers to the diagnostic instruments revealed a certain cautiousness regarding the inclusion of proofs in school curricula. Discussions and reflections on learning situations, proposed during this phase, broadened the knowledge base necessary for mathematics teachers and gave new meaning to working with proofs.
The Inclusion of People with Disabilities in the Labor Market: an Experience with Active Methodologies
Authors: Geller Marlise , Silva Livia Ferreira Paim da
Published: November 2019

The present research highlights the snippet of a master’s dissertation executed with people with disabilities inserted in the Young Apprentice Program. With the intent of investigating how participants (re)articulate mathematical knowledge in situations related to the labor market, a Learning Laboratory was used for the fulfillment of simulated and practical activities, opportuning learning and experience. The qualitative approach was chosen for the data collection because it allows greater proximity and particular details of the participants. Thus it was divided into 3 phases: the moment of investigation of the previous mathematical knowledge, the organization with the price setting, the exhibition, and sales strategies and the experience to accompany the work routine in the Learning Lab. With the interactions, the existence of mathematical knowledge conceptualized in different ways was identified, allowing greater autonomy and involvement of all with the proposed activities, in the same way, that the potential of each person was emphasized involving the different knowledge that can be articulated for the labor market.
A leitura por vir: travessias rizomáticas do texto-leitor
Authors: Costa Gilcilene Dias da , Campos Jessé Pinto
Published: November 2019

Resumo: A leitura e o por vir. Uma desterritorialização de sentidos usuais do texto-leitor. Um mergulho nos labirintos sensoriais da leitura. Leituras rizomáticas que se deslocam com Deleuze e Guattari, Blanchot, Nietzsche, Duras, Skliar, entre outras melodias. Uma poética por vir da literatura que se avizinha aos abismos da transfiguração e da imaginação criadora. Um rizoma tecido nos interstícios da filosofia-literatura-educação, em vertigens de fruição estética e deleite inquietante da palavra literária. O texto-andarilho caminha na direção informe de uma poética da leitura por vir enquanto multiplicidades de sentidos produzidas no limiar do texto-leitor, eu-outro, silêncio-palavra, pensar-existir-criar potências outras na educação. Palavras-chave: Leitura por vir. Travessias rizomáticas. Poética da leitura.
Pibid ciências e biologia: percepções sobre currículos, educação e projeto escola sem partido
Authors: Polizel Alexandre Luiz , Oliveira Moises Alves de , Passos Marinez Meneghello
Published: November 2019

Este trabalho tem por objetivo levantar considerações sobre a questão: “Quais são as percepções discursivas dos Pibidianos de Ciências e Biologia sobre o projeto Escola sem Partido – EsP e seus efeitos no que tocam os currículos, educação e o chão da escola?”. Foram questionários semiestruturados, aos Pibidianos do subprojeto Ciências e Biologia da Universidade Estadual de Maringá, situada em Maringá. As questões foram organizadas em dois blocos discursivos, referente: a) as compreensões dos Pibidianos sobre currículos, educação e ensino; e, b) as percepções sobre o projeto Escola sem Partido e seus efeitos. Utilizou-se da análise de discurso sob inspiração arqueológica Foucaultiana, para a análise das discursividades dos estudantes.
A concepção da discriminação como fator de violação aos direitos humanos e suas contribuições ao plano nacional de educação
Authors: Santos Adriana Regina de Jesus , Tivanello Allan  Tivanello Gusmão , Santos Lucas Henrique dos
Published: November 2019

O objetivo deste trabalho é compreender como a discriminação se constitui como fator de motivação de violação de direitos humanos, bem como, identificar como a discussão da discriminação presente nos relatórios podem contribuir para o pensar do Plano Nacional de Educação em Direitos Humanos (PNEDH). Para tanto a metodologia utilizada neste estudo tem como base a pesquisa bibliográfica e documental. Ao termino do estudo constatou-se que os relatórios tendem para uma perspectiva multicultural dos direitos humanos, já em relação ao Plano Nacional de Educação em Direitos Humanos esta abordagem não é contemplada.
Do Projeto de Lei 8.035/2010 à Lei 13.005/2014: a inviabilização da temática gênero
Authors: Ramalho Carla Chagas , Vieira José Jairo
Published: November 2019

Neste artigo investigamos a construção do Plano Nacional de Educação 2014-2024, mostrando as diferentes formas de tratar a temática sobre gênero na estruturação deste documento. Após a delimitação teórica (escolarização; políticas públicas educacionais; gênero), analisamos os documentos: Projeto de Lei 8.035/2010; Lei 13.005/2014; e documento suplementar desta Lei. Pudemos constatar que no Projeto de Lei já havia carências descritivas sobre as questões de gênero, o que foi acentuado na Lei. Concluímos que há a necessidade de mais pesquisas relacionadas às políticas educacionais direcionadas ao gênero para embasar, cada vez mais, a compreensão acerca do assunto, procurando atenuar as violências que o receio do desconhecido pode vir a trazer. Palavras chaves: Plano Nacional de Educação; Gênero; Escola.
Plano Municipal de Educação:a participação da sociedade no planejamento educacional local
Authors: Da Silva Luciene Amaral , Do Prado Edna Cristina , Dos Santos Inalda Maria
Published: November 2019

O artigo apresenta o resultado de uma pesquisa que buscou analisar como se deu a presença da sociedade na elaboração do Plano Municipal de Educação do munícipio de Santana do Ipanema, no interior do estado de Alagoas. Foi utilizada a abordagem da pesquisa qualitativa a partir do estudo de caso, com aplicação de questionários e entrevistas aos representantes da sociedade que faziam parte do Fórum Municipal de Educação. Os dados foram analisados a partir da perspectiva de Bardin (1977). O referencial teórico que ancorou o estudo baseou-se em Gandin (2000), Calazans (2003), Azanha (1993), Saviani (2014), Cury (2009), Bordignon (2009), Patemam (1992). Os resultados identificaram que o modelo atual de participação privilegia o projeto das classes economicamente favorecida não existindo espaço na política educacional para as necessidades e anseios da sociedade.
O Plano Nacional de Educação e a formação do professor da Educação Básica na pós-graduação: uma possibilidade anunciada
Authors: Oliveira Dayse Kelly Barreiros de , Moura Ellen Michelle Barbosa de , Silva Kátia Augusta Curado Pinheiro Cordeiro da
Published: November 2019

O artigo tem como objetivo analisar o percurso histórico do Plano Nacional de Educação (PNE) e as metas relativas à formação continuada do professor da educação básica em nível de Pós-Graduação. Para isso, o caminho percorrido foi a pesquisa bibliográfica e a documental. Fez-se uma análise histórica do Plano e das metas relativas à formação e valorização de professores da educação básica Como considerações é possível inferir que o PNE contribui com a pauta da formação continuada de professores da educação básica em nível de pós-graduação, pois existem ações que materializam a articulação entre a pós-graduação e a educação básica via formação stricto sensu, mas as mesmas ainda são insuficientes para o alcance das metas.
A Strong Seismic Reflector within the Mantle Wedge above the Ryukyu Subduction of Northern Taiwan
Authors: Lin Cheng‐Horng , Shih Min‐Hung , Lai Ya‐Chuan
Published: November 2019

Major structures within the mantle wedge are often revealed from seismic velocity anomalies, such as low‐velocity zones at magma reservoirs, partial melting regions, or the upwelling asthenosphere. However, no significant seismic boundaries have been reported in the shallow mantle wedge beneath volcanic arcs. Here, we present evidence for a strong seismic reflector dipping in the opposite direction of the subducting slab in the mantle wedge beneath northern Taiwan in the western end of the Ryukyu subduction system. We find that two unambiguous P waves generated by a deep earthquake (ML 5.1) at a depth of 132.5 km were clearly recorded by the dense seismic array (Formosa Array), composed of 140 broadband seismic stations with a station spacing of approximately 5 km in northern Taiwan. Forward modeling using both raytracing and travel times shows that a seismic reflector exists beneath the Tatun volcano group (TVG) around depths of 80–110 km. The reflector dips in the opposite direction of the subducting slab and is unlikely to be associated with mantle wedge corner flow. Instead, it probably belonged to parts of possible structures such as the asthenospheric flow, the mantle diapir, or other undiscovered structures above the subducting slab. No matter what the seismic boundary is exactly, it might be associated with the active volcanism in the TVG. The detailed geometry and mechanism of the seismic boundary in the mantle wedge will be obtained as the Formosa Array collects more seismic data in the near future.
CSN-LAUSD Network: A Dense Accelerometer Network in Los Angeles Schools
Authors: Clayton Robert W. , Kohler Monica , Guy Richard , Bunn Julian , Heaton Thomas , Chandy Mani
Published: November 2019

The Community Seismic Network-Los Angeles Unified School District is a network of 300 low-cost microelectromechanical systems accelerometers located in schools in the Los Angeles, California, region. They are capable of accurately recording strong motion up to ±2g and are sufficiently spatially dense that they provide unaliased measurements of strong motions up to 1 Hz following a major earthquake. They are used to provide state-of-health monitoring for the schools and surrounding communities to guide the emergency response. As a research tool, they can be used to provide estimates of the site response at the schools and, therefore, provide a much denser set of site responses for ground-motion prediction than is currently available.
PENGEMBANGAN VARIASI PENYERANGAN PERMAINAN BOLAVOLI PADA EKSTRAKURIKULER DI SMP NEGERI 17 MALANG
Authors: Huda Alanse Taufiqul , Winarno M. E. , Tomi Agus
Published: November 2019

Abstract: The purpose of the volleyball game is dropping the ball as fast as possible inthe opposite field passes over the net using the entire limb. This product is valid andpractical to be used for volleyball game attacks variation training in extracurricularactivities in SMPN 17 Malang. Based on the results of the needs analysis showed thatthe strategy of attacking done very lacking, extracurricular participants had never beentaught the material about attacking strategy in volleyball small group of test data obtained88.37% and the results of the data analysis of a large group trial gained an averagepercentage of 81.32 %. The result of the product development strategy of attacking gameof volleyball for participants extracurricular volleyball high school students first, amongothers: (1) the strategy of attacking volleyball in the manual according to the needs ofextracurricular participants junior high students, (2) to see the strategy of attacking gameof volleyball made with color image and there is information which explain attackingprocess variation from the current position to receive smash.Keywords: attacking variation, volleyball, developmentAbstrak: Tujuan dari permainan bolavoli adalah menjatuhkan bola secepat mungkin dilapangan lawan melewati atas net menggunakan seluruh anggota badan. Produk ini validdan praktis digunakan untuk latihan variasi penyerangan permainan bolavoli padakegiatan ekstrakurikuler di SMPN 17 Malang. Berdasarkan hasil analisis kebutuhandiperoleh bahwa strategi menyerang yang dilakukan sangat kurang sekali, pesertaekstrakurikuler belum pernah diajarkan materi strategi menyerang bolavoli data uji cobakelompok kecil diperoleh hasil 88,37% dan dari data analisis uji coba kelompok besardiperoleh rata-rata persentase 81,32%. Hasil produk pengembangan strategi menyerangpermainan bolavoli untuk perserta ekstrakurikuler bolavoli siswa menengah pertamaantara lain: (1) variasi menyerang bolavoli dalam buku panduan sesuai dengankebutuhan peserta ekstrakurikuler siswa menengah pertama, (2) tampilan strategimenyerang permainan bolavoli dibuat dengan gambar yang berwarna dan terdapatketerangan yang menejelaskan proses variasi serangan mulai dari posisi receive sampaisaat smash.Kata Kunci: variasi menyerang, bolavoli, pengembangan
PENGEMBANGAN VARIASI LATIHAN TEKNIK DASAR RENANG GAYA BEBAS DAN GAYA DADA MELALUI VIDEO COMPACT DISK PADA KEGIATAN EKSTRAKURIKULER RENANG DI SMP NEGERI 8 MALANG
Authors: Anam Mohammad Syamsul , Sugiarto Tatok , Wahyudi Usman
Published: November 2019

Abstract: This research and development intended to develop basic technique exercisevariation on front crawl and breast stroke swimming through compact disk video inswimming extracurricular activity at State Junior High School 8 Malang. This researchand development used developing research method of Borg & Gall research anddevelopment, with research subjects 40 participants extracurricular activities pool. Theprocedures performed include: requirements analysis, product development and producttrials. Products produced in the form of variations in practice the basic techniques of frontcraw and breaststroke with a conclusion: (1) Variation practice basic techniques of frortcraw very valid means can be used, (2) Variations in practice the basic techniques ofswimming the breaststroke very valid means can be used, ( 3) Variations in basicengineering practice freestyle and breaststroke is very attractive, easy to understand,easy to do and very beneficial.Keywords: Exercise Variation, Swimming Basic Technique, Front Crawl, Breast Stroke,Extracurricular, VCDAbstrak: Penelitian ini dilaksanakan dengan tujuan untuk mengembangkan variasilatihan teknik dasar renang gaya bebas dan gaya dada melalui video compat disk padakegiatan ekstrakurikuler renang di SMP Negeri 8 Malang. Penelitian ini menggunakanmetode penelitian dan pengembangan research and development Borg dan Gall, dengansubjek penelitian 40 peserta kegiatan ekstrakurikuler renang. Prosedur yang dilakukanberupa: analisis kebutuhan, pengembangan produk dan uji coba produk. Produk yangdihasilkan berupa variasi latihan teknik dasar renang gaya bebas dan gaya dada dengankesimpulan: (1) Variasi latihan teknik dasar renang gaya bebas sangat valid artinya dapatdigunakan, (2) Variasi latihan teknik dasar renang gaya dada sangat valid artinya dapatdigunakan, (3) Variasi latihan teknik dasar renang gaya bebas dan gaya dada ini sangatmenarik, mudah dipahami, mudah dilakukan dan sangat bermanfaat.Kata Kunci: Variasi Latihan, Teknik Dasar Renang, Gaya Bebas, Gaya Dada,Ekstrakurikuler, VCD
PERBEDAAN PENGARUH GAYA MENGAJAR KOMANDO DENGAN GAYA MENGAJAR LATIHAN TERHADAP MINAT PESERTA DIDIK PADA PEMBELAJARAN PERMAINAN BOLA VOLI KELAS X MADRASAH
Authors: Putra Hendi Buwana , Asim Asim , Hariyanto Eko
Published: November 2019

Abstrak: Permainan bolavoli merupakan salah satu permainan bola besar yang menjadi materi ajar di sekolah dalam mata pelajaran pendidikan jasmani dan kesehatan. Tujuan dar penelitian ini untuk mengetahui perbedaan pengaruh gaya mengajar komando dengan gaya mengajar latihan terhadap minat belajar siswa kelas X MAN Batu. Penelitian ini adalah jenis penelitian eksperimental sungguhan dan pengumpulan data menggunakan teknik angket dan dokumentasi. Dari hasil analisis varian satu jalur (one way anava). Ditemukan bahwa gaya mengajar komando berpengaruh signifikan terhadap minat belajar peserta didik. Gaya mengajar latihan berpengaruh signifikan terhadap minat peserta didik. Terdapat perbedaan pengaruh gaya mengajar komando dan latihan. Disarankan agar memilih gaya mengajar latihan.Kata Kunci: gaya mengajar komando, gaya mengajar latihan, minat belajar siswa.
PENGARUH METODE BARRIERS HOP TERHADAP HASIL BELAJAR KETERAMPILAN LONG PASS SEPAKBOLA
Authors: Sulaiman Ahmad , Hariyoko Hariyoko , Wahyudi Usman
Published: November 2019

Abstract: The purpose of this research is to know the effect barriers hop methods through the learning outcomes of football long pass skills. The method used in this research was true-experimental and was used one way variance analysis. From this research result, it has been concluded that single leg and double leg barriers hop learning method gives effect to learning outcomes of footbaal ln pass skills. But there is no different mean between single leg and double leg barriers hop learning method.Keywords: Single leg barriers hop, double leg barriers hop, the learning result of long pass.Abstrak: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh metode pembelajaran barriers hop terhadap hasil belajar keterampilan long pass sepakbola di Sekolah Sepakbola Bima Putra Kabupaten Blitar. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah true-experimental dengan analisis data varian satu jalur. Dari hasil penelitian, disimpulkan bahwa metode pembelajaran single leg dan double leg barriers hop memengaruhi hasil belajar keterampilan long pass sepakbola. Namun, tidak ada perbedaan mean antara metode pembelajaran single leg barriers hop dengan double leg barriers hop.Kata kunci: single leg barriers hop, double leg barriers hop, hasil belajar long pass.
PENINGKATAN KETERAMPILAN SMASH KEDENG MENGGUNAKAN METODE DRILL BERVARIASI BAGI PESERTA EKSTRAKURIKULER SEPAKTAKRAW DI SMPN 6 MALANG
Authors: Suryadi Suryadi , Surendra Mulyani , Sugiyanto Sugiyanto
Published: November 2019

Abstract: This research aims to improve the basic kedeng smash technique skills of sepaktakraw using drill methods varied. This research is a sports action research with a qualitative and quantitative descriptive approach. The subjects of this research are 20 sepaktakraw extracurricular participants at SMPN 6 Malang. The results of this research  are based on the data obtained, it can be concluded that after the action of cycle 1, cycle 2 and cycle 3, the results of each indicator have increased 90% from prefix indicator, 85% footstool, 85% body position and view of ball, 90% hand position, 87.5% ankle position, and 82.5% kick result. The conclusions of  this research  are varied drill methods can improve the basic kedeng smash technique skills on sepaktakraw extracurricular participants at SMPN 6 Malang.Keywords: Drill method, the basic technique of sepaktakraw, extracurricular. Abstrak: Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk meningkatkan keterampilan teknik dasar smash kedeng sepaktakraw menggunakan metode drill bervariasi. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian tindakan olahraga dengan pendekatan deskriptif kualitatif dan deskriptif kuantitatif. Subjek penelitian ini adalah 20 peserta  ekstrakurikuler sepaktakraw di SMPN 6 Malang. Hasil penelitian berdasarkan data yang diperoleh, dapat disimpulkan bahwa setelah diberikan tindakan dari siklus 1, siklus 2 dan siklus 3, hasil pada tiap-tiap indikator sudah terjadi peningkatan dari indikator awalan 90%, tumpuan kaki 85%, posisi badan dan pandangan bola 85%, posisi tangan 90%, posisi engkel 87,5%, dan hasil sepakan 82,5%.Kesimpulan penelitian ini adalah metode drill bervariasi dapat meningkatkan keterampilan teknik dasar smash kedeng pada peserta ekstrakurikuler sepaktakraw di SMPN 6 Malang. Kata Kunci: Metode Drill, teknik dasar sepaktakraw, ektrakurikuler.
Capitalismo y ética: una relación de tensiones
Authors: Gómez Cano Carlos Alberto , Sánchez Castillo Verenice , Millán Rojas Edwin Eduardo
Published: November 2019

La imponencia del sistema del modelo económico capita­lista y su constante búsqueda por la multiplicación del capital ha permeado varios escenarios sociales, generan­do desequilibrios en la relaciones humanas, todo justi­ficado en el quehacer económico. Sin embargo, la ética surge como un elemento de equilibrio y armonización de las tendencias salvajes de este modelo económico, la cual, busca consolidar un punto medio entre los intere­ses individuales y los colectivos. De esta manera, este escrito de corte cualitativo, buscó a través de los apar­tados: La ética en el sistema capitalista: una relación de tensiones; Economía Solidaria: un creciente hito de resistencia contra el Capitalismo Salvaje; y, Del egoísmo al pensamiento colectivo: una desafío de la ética al capi­talismo, fundamentado en la educación transformadora; propiciar algunas consideraciones en torno al rol de la ética como generadora de equilibrio en el sistema, en el marco de una sociedad que demanda modelos mas equi­tativos e incluyentes.
Emergency obstetric hysterectomy: a two-year observational study at tertiary care center in Berhampur, Odisha, India
Authors: Behera Ritanjali , Rath Bibekananda
Published: November 2019

Background: Emergency obstetric hysterectomy is an unequivocal marker of severe maternal morbidity and, in many respects, the treatment of last resort for rupture uterus, severe postpartum hemorrhage (PPH) and other such life-threatening conditions. In no other gynaecological or obstetrical surgery is the surgeon in as much a dilemma as when deciding to resort to an emergency hysterectomy. On one hand it is the last resort to save a mother’s life, and on the other hand, the mother’s reproductive capability is sacrificed. This study is conducted with an aim to determine the frequency, demographic characteristics, indications, and feto-maternal outcomes associated with emergency obstetric hysterectomy in a tertiary care centre.Methods: We conducted a prospective, observational, and analytical study over a period of two years, from September 2017 till September 2019. A total of 56 cases of emergency obstetric hysterectomy (EOH) were studied in the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, MKCG Medical College, Berhampur.Results: The incidence of EOH in our study was 12 following vaginal delivery and 44 following caesarean section. The overall incidence was 56 per 21,128 deliveries. Uterine rupture (37.5%) was the most common indication followed by atonic postpartum hemorrhage (25%) and placenta accrete spectrum (10.7%). The most frequent sequelae were febrile morbidity (25.7%) and disseminated intravascular coagulation (21.4%). Maternal mortality was 17.1% whereas perinatal mortality was 51.7%.Conclusions: A balanced approach to EOH can prove to be lifesaving at times when conservative surgical modalities fail and interventional radiology is not immediately available. Our study highlights the place of extirpative surgery in modern obstetrics in the face of rising rates of caesarean section and multiple pregnancies particularly in urban settings in developing countries.
Anemia frequency in children living at Andean high altitude in Ecuador, Peru, and Bolivia
Authors: Garrido-Salazar David Israel , Garrido-Salazar Santiago Moisés , Vivas-Armas Gina
Published: November 2019

OBJECTIVE: To establish the frequency of anemia among children living in the Andean region of Ecuador, Perú, and Bolivia.MATERIALS AND METHODS: A transversal descriptive study based on the risk association of anemia in children between 6 and 59 months living in the Andean region, through a secondary source published by institutions of health from Ecuador, Peru and Bolivia.RESULTS: A total of 155,007 children were included; 65,161 living in the Andean region. Anemia was observed in 46.69 to 60.59% in the Andes of Ecuador, Peru, and Bolivia. Opposing, in low-lying regions varied from 33.96 to 43.37%. Anemia was more prevalent in the high altitude, regarding to severe anemia, the risk association was significant in Andean Region of Ecuador during 2013 (OR:4.98; p<0.01) and 2014 (OR:5.32; p<0.01), Bolivia (OR:4.65; p<0.01), and Peru (OR:1.78; p<0.01).CONCLUSIONS: A higher frequency of anemia was evident in children residing in the Andean region of Ecuador, Peru, and Bolivia. However, although a significant risk association was demonstrated, this could be a multifactorial phenomenon that requires more detailed investigation.
Malformaciones urológicas y síndrome nefrótico: informe de un caso
Authors: Palacios-Legarda Alexandra , Gahona-Villegas Junior , Romero Alida , García-de la Puente Silvestre
Published: November 2019

ANTECEDENTES: El síndrome nefrótico supone una incidencia de 1-3 por cada 100,000 niños menores de 16 años. Más de 90% de estos casos se manifiesta entre el primero y los 10 años de edad. El síndrome nefrótico secundario a nefropatía por reflujo es una alteracion reportada en adultos; sin embargo, no se ha establecido claramente en niños.CASO CLÍNICO: Niña de 2 años y 5 meses, con diagnóstico previo de riñón izquierdo con doble sistema pieloureteral completo, uréter proveniente del polo superior ectópico y aparente reflujo. Ingresó al servicio de Nefrología pediátrica por un cuadro de 15 días de evolución, caracterizado por edema palpebral bilateral, que se irradiaba a los miembros inferiores, de predominio matutino, hipertensión y hematuria. Los estudios de laboratorio reportaron: dislipidemia, proteinuria en los límites nefróticos, hematuria, hipoalbuminemia, complemento normal y marcadores virales negativos. Se prescribieron corticosteroides a dosis plena (60 mg/m2/día), con lo que disminuyó el edema. Sin embargo, persistieron la proteinuria, hematuria e hipertensión. Se estableció el diagnóstico de corticorresistencia. La biopsia renal evidenció glomeruloesclerosis focal y segmentaria tipo celular. El estudio genético fue negativo para identificar algún gen relacionado con el síndrome nefrótico. Al momento, la paciente se encuentra en seguimiento en el servicio de Nefrología pediátrica. Con el reporte histopatológico se inició el tratamiento con un inhibidor de calcineurina y corticoides a dosis bajas, con mejoría en los estudios paraclínicos. Hoy día padece síndrome nefrótico con remisión parcial.CONCLUSIONES: Es importante continuar con el reporte de este tipo de casos, con la finalidad de establecer el tratamiento multidisciplinario e integral adecuado para niños.
Sectorial perturbation of vortex beams: Shannon entropy, orbital angular momentum and topological charge
Authors:   Physics and Technology Institute of V.I. Vernadsky Crimean Federal University, Volyar A.V. , Bretsko M.V. ,   Physics and Technology Institute of V.I. Vernadsky Crimean Federal University, Akimova Ya.E. ,   Physics and Technology Institute of V.I. Vernadsky Crimean Federal University, Egorov Yu.A. ,   Physics and Technology Institute of V.I. Vernadsky Crimean Federal University, Milyukov V.V. ,   Physics and Technology Institute of V.I. Vernadsky Crimean Federal University
Published: November 2019

Transformations of the vortex beams structure subjected to sectorial perturbation were theoretically and experimentally studied. The analysis was based on computing (measuring) the vortex spectrum that enables us to find the orbital angular momentum (OAM) and Shannon entropy (informational entropy). We have revealed that, in the general case, the number of vortices caused by an external perturbation is not related to the topological charge. For arbitrary perturbation, the topological charge remains equal to the initial topological charge of the unperturbed vortex beam. Growth of the vortex number induced by perturbations is associated with the optical uncertainty principle between the sectorial angle and the OAM. The computer simulation has shown that OAM does not depend on the number of vortices induced by perturbations. Moreover, two maxima are formed both in the positive and negative regions of the vortex spectrum. As a result, the OAM does not practically change in a wide range of perturbation angles from 0 to 90 °. However, at large perturbation angles, when the energy is almost equally redistributed between the vortex modes with opposite signs of the topological charge, the OAM rapidly decreases. At the same time, the Shannon entropy monotonically increases with growing perturbation angle. This is due to the fact that the entropy depends only on the number of vortex states caused by external perturbations.
Selective modification of dual phase steel DP 1000 by laser action using diffractive optical element
Authors:   Samara National Research University, Murzin S.P. ,   TU Wien, Institute of Production Engineering and Photonic Technologies, Blokhin M.V. ,   Samara National Research University
Published: November 2019

Experimental studies of shaping a CO2 laser beam with a reflective diffractive optical element have been performed. To increase the aperture of the initial beam, we used a collimator containing a system of two plane-convex spherical ZnSe lenses. For the focal line formed with the diffractive optical element in combination with the collimator, in addition to a 1.3-fold increase in the length, a decrease in the maximum beam power density was found to occur in the laser spot. It was demonstrated that under the laser action it is possible to generate in a two-phase steel sample regions of full hardening, selective hardening, and annealing, alongside the initial structure. The formation of such structures is due to the distribution pattern of temperature fields and a difference in the cooling rate across the volume of the heat affected zone.
Limiting capabilities of self-mixing interferometry upon sawtooth modulation of a semiconductor laser wavelength
Authors:   Saratov State University, Usanov D.A. , Skripal A.V. ,   Saratov State University, Dobdin S.Yu. ,   Saratov State University, Dzhafarov A.V. ,   Saratov State University, Sokolenko I.S. ,   Saratov State University
Published: November 2019

This paper discusses a self-mixing interferometry method for measuring distances upon sawtooth modulation of the wavelength of laser radiation. Conditions under which the distance obtained from the spectrum of the modeled autodyne signal coincides with the distance specified in computer simulation are determined. The limiting capabilities of the method are theoretically substantiated for the increased range of deviations of the laser wavelength. The estimation of the limiting capabilities of the distance measurement method on the spectrum of the autodyne signal gives 10 microns at a wavelength of 650 nm at a 5-nm deviation of laser radiation wavelength. We also discuss difficulties of attaining the limiting accuracy of distance measurements associated with the nonlinear dependence of the wavelength emitted by a laser diode on its supply current and the need to analyze the self-mixing signal at high frequencies.
The Effect of Gas Circulation on the High-Pressure Synthesis of Long-Chain С35+ Hydrocarbons from CO and H2
Authors: Yakovenko R. E. , Zubkov I. N. , Narochnyi G. B. , Savostyanov A. P.
Published: November 2019

The effect of gas recirculation on the production of long-chain C35+  hydrocarbons over supported Co-Al2O3/SiO2 catalyst at a pressure of 6.0 MPa, temperature 225 °C and gas hourly space velocity 1000 h–1 was studied. It was shown that the circulation mode provides isothermicity of the catalyst bed and increases the selectivity to C35+ hydrocarbons and their output. The study revealed that the catalyst deactivation rate decreases by a factor of 8 when the circulation ratio is raised from 2.2 to 6; therewith, the content of unsaturated hydrocarbons in the synthesis products increases twofold.
Siostrzeństwo i jego dyskursywne użycia
Authors: Sikorska Karolina
Published: November 2019

Artykuł stanowi analizę kategorii siostrzeństwa i sposobów jej funkcjonowania w polskim dyskursie feministycznym. Została ona przeprowadzona w oparciu o artykuły publikowane w mediach, powstałe po X Kongresie Kobiet (Łódź, 16–17.06.2018). Jeden z nich przedstawia sprawę pracownicy ochrony i zaniedbań ze strony organizatorek Kongresu, jakie zaistniały w związku z jej pracą. Historia ta stała się ważnym punktem odniesienia dla kolejnych tekstów. Unaoczniła różne stanowiska i systemy wartości organizujące współczesne myślenie o siostrzeństwie, które przedstawiam w artykule poprzez trzy rodzaje narracji, jakie wyłoniły się z analizy wskazanych tekstów: narrację różnicy, narrację solidarności ponad podziałami oraz narrację o siostrzeństwie jako walce.
Po co kobiecie walka z bykiem? Rola kobiet-matadorek w hiszpańskiej tradycji corrida de toros
Authors: Ziółkowska-Kuflińska Magdalena
Published: November 2019

Tradycyjna corrida de toros, należąca do szerokiej kategorii widowisk tauromachicznych, kojarzy się najczęściej z domeną mężczyzn. W istocie dane statystyczne potwierdzają, że większość zatrudnionych w branży osób to mężczyźni. Kobiety stanowią zaledwie kilka procent. Od samego początku istnienia corrida de toros kobiety aspirowały do zawodu matadora. Matador ma prawo, a wręcz obowiązek zabić byka podczas widowiska. Zadanie to jest postrzegane jako niebezpieczne i bardzo trudne. Historia tauromachii pokazuje, że zawsze istniały kobiety, które próbowały przeciwstawiać się obowiązującym stereotypom. Zazwyczaj były to jednostki. Kobiety nie uczyły się tego zawodu masowo. Współcześnie nastroje społeczne są w większości przypadków im przychylne, jednak nadal w porównaniu z mężczyznami kobiet-matadorek jest bardzo mało. Część społeczeństwa uważa nadal, że kobieta nie powinna zabierać życia, bowiem stworzona jest do jego dawania.
Biofloc technology on the intensive aquaculture of bronze corydoras ornamental fish Corydoras aeneus with different stocking densities
Authors: Diatin Iis , Suprayudi Muhammad Agus , Budiardi Tatag , Harris Enang , Widanarni Widanarni
Published: November 2019

ABSTRACT Ornamental fish is non consumption fish which is an important source of Indonesian foreign exchange. The objective of this study is to analyze the productivity of bronze corydoras Corydoras aeneus ornamental fish through increased stocking density with biofloc technology. The average weight of the experimental corydoras was 0.61 ‒0.72 g with 2.32‒2.40 cm standard length. This study used a randomized design method with biofloc technology treatment in 3000, 4500, and 6000 fish/m2 stocking densities. The results showed that the daily length and weight-growth rate among treatments were not significantly different (P>0.05), while survival rate and the number of fish production on all treatments were significantly different (P<0.05). The water quality during the rearing period, such as temperature, pH, alkalinity, ammonia, nitrite, and nitrate, were in a tolerable range for corydoras culture. The total suspended solids tended to be higher due to higher stocking density. The best productivity using biofloc technology obtained from 6000 fish/m2 stocking density. Keywords: Biofloc technology, Corydoras aeneus, growth rate, stocking density, survival rate. ABSTRAK Ikan hias merupakan produk perikanan non konsumsi yang menjadi sumber devisa Indonesia yang cukup penting. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis produktivitas ikan hias koridoras melalui peningkatan padat tebar dengan teknologi bioflok. Ikan yang digunakan adalah ikan hias koridoras (Corydoras aeneus) berbobot 0,61‒0,72 g dan panjang baku 2,32‒2,40 cm. Penelitian ini menggunakan rancangan acak lengkap dengan perlakuan teknologi bioflok pada padat tebar 3000, 4500, dan 6000 ekor/m2. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa laju pertumbuhan harian panjang dan bobot antar perlakuan tidak berbeda nyata (P>0,05), sedangkan kelangsungan hidup dan jumlah produksi ikan pada semua perlakuan berbeda nyata (P<0,05). Nilai kualitas air selama pemeliharaan yakni suhu, pH, alkalinitas, amonia, nitrit, dan nitrat yang berada pada kisaran yang cukup baik untuk budidaya ikan. Total padatan tersuspensi cenderung tinggi akibat dari semakin tinggi padat tebar. Produktivitas terbaik pada budidaya ikan koridoras dengan teknologi bioflok adalah pada padat tebar 6000 ekor/m2. Kata kunci:  Corydoras aeneus, kelangsungan hidup, padat tebar, pertumbuhan, teknologi bioflok
Explorações sobre padrões de indexação e classificação nominal de argumentos em línguas indígenas da América do Sul
Authors: Chacon Thiago Costa , Sateles Rodrigo do Prado
Published: November 2019

Este trabalho apresenta os primeiros resultados de uma pesquisa tipológica sobre padrões de classificação nominal em línguas indígenas da América do Sul, Mais especificamente analisamos os padrões pelos quais argumentos de uma oração podem ser indexados por morfemas que os categorizam para além de dimensões semânticas dêiticas (como pessoa) e quantitativas (como número), focando em sistemas como gênero, classes nominais e classificadores. A partir de uma amostragem geográfica e filogeneticamente diversificada de línguas do continente, e uma discussão teórica sobre o que é classificação nominal e indexação de argumentos, domo objetivos principais, procuramos explorar as diferentes maneiras formais e semânticas como argumentos podem ser indexados, buscando generalizações entre tipos de sistemas de classificação nominal e sua correlação com outras categorias nominais expressas por verbos ou predicados. Também exploramos algumas generalizações greenberguianas entre padrões de classificação nominal nos verbos, no sintagma nominal e na palavra nominal. Como resultado, encontramos um conjunto de propriedades que servem para distinguir em um plano tipológico sistemas de gênero, classes nominais e classificadores. Argumentamos que essas diferenças tipológicas foram moldadas por forças diacrônicas distintas, a começar pela fonte dos sistemas de gênero, que são morfemas dêiticos como pronomes livres e demonstrativos, em contraste com compostos nominais que são a fonte dos sistemas de classificadores e classes nominais.
Comparison of Treatment Outcomes of Arthrodesis and Two Generations of Ankle Replacement Implants
Authors: Benich Marisa R. , Ledoux William R. , Orendurff Michael S. , Shofer Jane B. , Hansen Sigvard T. , Davitt James , Anderson John G. , Bohay Donald , Coetzee J. Chris , Maskill John , Brage Michael , Houghton Michael , Sangeorzan Bruce J.
Published: November 2019

Background:

We analyzed self-reported outcomes in a prospective cohort of patients treated with ankle arthrodesis or total ankle replacement (TAR) during a time of transition from older to newer-generation TAR implants.

Methods:

We performed a prospective cohort study comparing outcomes in 273 consecutive patients treated for ankle arthritis with arthrodesis or TAR between 2005 and 2011. Adult patients with end-stage ankle arthritis who were able to walk and willing and able to respond to surveys were included in the study. Patients were excluded when they had another lower-limb problem that might affect walking. At baseline and at 6, 12, 24, and 36-month follow-up visits, participants completed a pain score, a Musculoskeletal Function Assessment (MFA), and a Short Form-36 (SF-36) survey.

Results:

There was significant mean improvement in most outcomes after surgery regardless of procedure. In general, the greatest improvement occurred during the first 6 months of follow-up. Linear mixed-effects regression adjusted for differences at baseline in age, body mass index (BMI), and surgery type showed that at 6 months the scores were improved by a mean (and standard error) of 12.6 ± 0.7 (33%) on the MFA, 22.0 ± 1.4 (56%) on the SF-36 Physical Functioning (PF) scale, 32.4 ± 1.6 (93%) on the SF-36 Bodily Pain (BP) scale, and 4.0 ± 0.2 (63%) on the pain rating scale. The mean improvements in the MFA and SF-36 PF scores over the 3-year follow-up period were significantly better after the TARs than after the arthrodeses, with differences between the 2 groups of 3.6 ± 1.6 (p = 0.023) and 7.5 ± 2.9 (p = 0.0098), respectively. The differences between the 2 groups were slightly greater when only the newer TAR devices were compared with the arthrodeses (MFA = 3.8 ± 1.8 [p = 0.031], SF-36 PF = 8.8 ± 3.3 [p = 0.0074], SF-36 BP = 7.3 ± 3.6 [p = 0.045], and pain score = 0.8 ± 0.4 [p = 0.038]).

Conclusions:

Patients reported improved comfort and function after both surgical treatments. The average improvement in the MFA and SF-36 PF scores was better after TAR than after arthrodesis, particularly when the TAR had been done with later-generation implants. Younger patients had greater functional improvements than older patients.

Level of Evidence:

Therapeutic Level II. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.
Leading the Way to Solutions to the Opioid Epidemic
Authors: Seymour Rachel B. , Ring David , Higgins Thomas , Hsu Joseph R.
Published: November 2019

Background:

In the past 2 decades, overdoses and deaths from prescription opioids have reached epidemic proportions in the United States. The widespread use of opioids complicates management of the orthopaedic surgery patient in the acute and chronic settings. Orthopaedic surgeons are some of the top prescribers of opioids in the complex setting of chronic use, abuse, and diversion.

Methods:

The literature regarding the basic science of pharmacologic options for pain management (e.g., opioids and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs), the impact of strategies on bone and soft-tissue healing, and pain relief are summarized as they relate to the management of orthopaedic injuries and conditions. Additionally, a section on designing solutions to address the current opioid crisis is presented.

Results:

The mechanism of action of different classes of analgesic medications is discussed, as well as the basic scientific evidence regarding the impact of narcotic and nonnarcotic analgesic medications on bone-healing and on other organ systems. Differences between pain and nociception, various treatment strategies, and clinical comparisons of the effectiveness of various analgesics compared with opioids are summarized. Finally, options for addressing the opioid crisis, including the description of a large system-wide intervention to impact prescriber behavior at the point of care using health-information solutions, are presented.

Conclusions:

Orthopaedic leaders, armed with information and strategies, can help lead the way to solutions to the opioid epidemic in their respective communities, institutions, and subspecialty societies. Through leadership and education, orthopaedic surgeons can help shape the solution for this critical public health issue.