bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A CLINICAL STUDY ON SAFETY AND EFFICACY OF FORMOTEROL AND TIOTROPIUM COMBINATION COMPARED TO FORMOTEROL AND TIOTROPIUM WITH ROFLUMILAST COMBINATION IN TREATMENT OF MODERATE TO SEVERE CHRONIC OBSTRUCTIVE PULMONARY DISEASE PATIENTS
Authors: Devi M Kavitha , S Sarumathy , Lal Sasidharan Sarath , S Sarumathy , Shaik Mehanaz , Sandeep Gottimukkala , Lal Sasidharan Sarath , Rajasekhar Vunnam , Shaik Mehanaz , N Damodharan , Sandeep Gottimukkala , Rajasekhar Vunnam , N Damodharan
Published: March 2018

Objectives: The objective of this study is to assess the safety and efficacy of formoterol and tiotropium combination compared to formoterol and tiotropium with roflumilast combination in treatment of moderate-to-severe chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) patients on inhaled combination therapy. Methods: A comparative prospective interventional study was carried out in 61 COPD patients who were visiting the pulmonary medicine ward during 6 months (October 2016 to March 2017). The patients were randomized into two groups. Group A patients received a combination of formoterol and tiotropium, whereas Group B patients received roflumilast along with formoterol and tiotropium combination. Spirometry tests were done to both the study population. Forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1) and forced vital capacity (FVC) were noted at the initial visit and after the treatment. All the statistical analyses such as mean and p values were calculated using SPSS 14.0 version software. Results: The average age group of the study population was 57.63±8.3 years. Comorbid condition such as diabetes mellitus was higher in the study groups. Comparison of spirometry reports before and after drug administration in both groups was done. FEV1 and FVC were found to be statistically significant between the study group (0.001, p<0.05).The average mean change of FEV1 before and after treatment in Group B was found to be improved as compared to Group B (0.66). Conclusion: Tiotropium and formoterol with roflumilast combination were found to be safe and effective in moderate-to-severe COPD patients.
KNOWLEDGE OF SLUM COMMUNITY TOWARD LEPROSY: A CROSS-SECTIONAL SURVEY FROM KARAD URBAN BLOCK OF WESTERN MAHARASHTRA, INDIA
Authors: Mohite Rajsinh Vishwasrao
Published: March 2018

Objectives: The objectives of this study are to assess the knowledge of urban slum community toward leprosy and to determine the relationship between sociodemographic variables and knowledge about leprosy.Methods: The study was planned during September 2016 to October 2016, as a community-based cross-sectional survey conducted at Karad urban slum area of state Maharashtra, India. The sample size calculated was a total of 246 slum community members, aged 20–60 years, enrolled randomly and interviewed by utilizing pre-tested structured pro forma. Data collected were analyzed and presented in tabular form. Chi-square test was used to determine the association between study variables.Results: A total of 246 respondents were interviewed of which maximum 42.2% were in the age group 30–40 years. The problem of illiteracy was 25.6% and maximum 67.4% were engaged in daily wage labor force. The overall knowledge about leprosy was poor responded by more than half (55.6%) of the study participants. Maximum, 78% slum dwellers knew about leprosy disease, whereas their knowledge about the cause of disease, sign, and symptoms, infectivity and curability was around 50%. Maximum 68% of participants responded that disease is confined to poor people. The age, education, and occupational status of slum dwellers were significantly associated with knowledge about leprosy.Conclusion: The present study concluded that poor knowledge of slum community toward leprosy could be an important determinant of poor performance of the National Leprosy Eradication Programme at urban community.
AWARENESS AND ATTITUDE TOWARDS STROKE AND ITS PREVENTION AMONG HYPERTENSIVE AND NON-HYPERTENSIVE PEOPLE
Authors: Kp Sreejesh , Ks Athira , Ks Athira , Green M J Heydey , Green M J Heydey
Published: March 2018

Objectives: objectives of the study are to compare the awareness and and attitude towards stroke and its prevention among hypertensives and non-hypertensives and compare the awareness and attitude towards stroke and its prevention among hypertensives and Non-hypertensives (2) to find out the association between the awareness and attitude toward stroke and its prevention with selected demographic variables among hypertensives and non -hypertensives.Methods: Descriptive survey design was adopted for the study. Convenience sample technique was used to select 70 hypertensive and 70 non-hypertensive people at 1st and 2nd ward of Nayarambalam Panchayat, Ernakulam, Kerala. The data collection tool consists of a structured questionnaire to identify demographic data and awareness about stroke and prevention and five-point Likert scale to assess attitude toward stroke and its prevention. The datum was analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics.Results: Even though the mean awareness score of non hypertensives (11.9714) was relatively higher than the hypertensives (11.6286) there was no significant difference between them. Similarly, mean attitude score of hypertensive people (32.0286) was relatively higher than the non-hypertensive people (30.929) there was no significant difference between. There was significant association found between educational level of non-hypertensive people and awareness regarding stroke and its prevention and educational level of hypertensive people and attitude toward stroke and its prevention.Conclusion: In conclusion of this study result shows that awareness regarding stroke and its prevention was average even among hypertensives so intense educational need for high-risk group.
ANTIPYRETIC POTENTIAL OF AQUEOUS LEAF EXTRACT OF ANNONA MURICATA.L AND SPERMACOCE ARTICULARIS. L.F. ON YEAST-INDUCED PYREXIA IN RATS
Authors: K Maruvoor Arasi , C Krishnaveni
Published: March 2018

Objective: The objective of this study is to evaluate the potential of in vivo antipyretic activity of the aqueous leaf extracts of Annona muricata L. and Spermacoce articularis. L.f.Methods: The acute oral toxicity was determined by the Organization of Economic and Cooperation Development-423 class methods, and the in vivo antipyretic activity was determined by brewer’s yeast induced pyrexia method.Results: The results showed that the aqueous leaf extract of A. muricata. L and S. articularis L.f plants is non-toxic and possessed significant antipyretic effect.Conclusion: This study provides evidence for the antipyretic activity of A. muricata. L and S. articularis L.f. The aqueous leaf extract of S. articularis L.f at a dose of 400 mg/kg showed a more significant effect (p<0.01) in lowering the hypothermia than the extract of A. muricata L but found to have a similar effect as the standard drug aspirin (100 mg/kg).
SOLID STATE COMPATIBILITY STUDIES BETWEEN MONTELUKAST SODIUM AND LEVOCETIRIZINE
Authors: Agha Duaa Shehadahe , El-zien Hind
Published: March 2018

Objective: The aim of this research is to evaluate montelukast (MNT)-levocetirizine (LVZ) incompatibility when they gather in one solid dosage form.Methods: Both drugs and their binary mixture (2:1) (MNT-LVZ) were subjected to the following condition: 25°C/60% RH and 40°C/75% RH for 14 weeks. Samples were withdrawn and analyzed using stability-indicating high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method at time intervals (0, 1, 4, 14 weeks). Further investigations were carried out using differential scanning calorimeter (DSC), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), and X-ray powder diffraction (XRPD)Result: On the basis of HPLC results, the degradation percentage of both drugs in binary mixtures was <10% indicating no chemical interaction; this was confirmed by all FTIR results except new band 668 cm−1 appeared in the spectrum of the mixture after storing 14 weeks at 40°C/75% RH, revealing possible hydrogen bond formed in the mixture. DSC and XRPD revealed possible physical interaction including phase transformation (release the acid form of montelukast and basic form of levocetirizine and sodium chloride in the medium); this may affect dissolution rate and bioavailability.Conclusion: The results obtained from this research gave an evidence to formulate MNT and LVZ in stable fixed-dose combination for the effective treatment of allergic diseases
ISOLATION AND IDENTIFICATION OF ANTIMICROBIAL PROTEINS FROM THE LEAVES OF VALERIANA HARDWICKII AND SENNA OBTUSIFOLIA
Authors: Harsha N Madhuri , Dulloo Piyushika , Dulloo Piyushika , S Rupachandra , S Rupachandra , S Jagadeeshwari , S Jagadeeshwari , Davina M Joann , Davina M Joann , S Porkodi , S Porkodi
Published: March 2018

Objective : The aim of this study was to screen the antimicrobial activity of trypsin-digested peptides isolated from the protein extracts of Valeriana hardwickii and Senna obtusifolia. Methods: The proteins were extracted from the leaves of V. hardwickii and S. obtusifolia which were analyzed using sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. The protein extracts were digested using trypsin which was identified using reverse-phase high-performance liquid chromatography analysis. Further, the antimicrobial efficacy of the digested peptides was investigated.Result: Peptide extracts of V. hardwickii exhibited potent antifungal and antibacterial activity at the maximum concentration of 1.5 mg/ml. Similarly, S. obtusifolia exhibited increased antifungal and antibacterial activity at the concentration of 1.44 mg/ml.Conclusion: The trypsinized extracts of V. hardwickii and S. obtusifolia were plated against Bacillus subtilis which is a promising antibacterial agent.
DEVELOPMENT OF RITONAVIR LOADED NANOPARTICLES: IN VITRO AND IN VIVO CHARACTERIZATION
Authors: Patil Pravin S , Dhawale Shashikant C
Published: March 2018

Objective: The purpose of the present investigation was to develop a nanosuspension to improve dissolution rate and oral bioavailability of ritonavir.Methods: Extended-release ritonavir loaded nanoparticles were prepared using the polymeric system by nanoprecipitation technique. Further, the effect of Eudragit RL100 (polymeric matrix) and polyvinyl alcohol (surfactant) was investigated on particle size and distribution, drug content, entrapment efficiency, and in vitro drug release from nanosuspension where a strong influence of polymeric contents was observed. Drug-excipient compatibility and amorphous nature of drug in prepared nanoparticles were confirmed by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, differential scanning calorimetry, and powder X-ray diffraction studies, respectively.Results: Hydrophobic portions of Eudragit RL100 could result in enhanced encapsulation efficiency. However, increase in polymer and surfactant contents lead to enlarged particle size proportionately as confirmed by transmission electron microscopy. Nanosuspension showed a significant rise in dissolution rate with complete in vitro drug release as well as higher bioavailability in rats compared to the pure drug.Conclusion: The nanoprecipitation technique used in present research could be further explored for the development of different antiretroviral drug carrier therapeutics.
OPTIMIZATION OF PRODUCT INCORPORATING INDIAN BLACKBERRY (SYZYGIUM CUMINI) SEED FLOUR: A DIABETIC STUDY
Authors: E Lakshmi
Published: March 2018

Objective: The objective of this study was to optimize recipes incorporating Indian blackberry (Syzygium cumini) seed flour (SCSF) in biscuits for its organoleptic feel and assess its impact on the anthropometric status of Type 2 diabetes mellitus.Method: The study was designed to include 20 Type 2 and 20 normoglycemic controls. Biscuits were prepared using four blends (10 g, 15 g, 20 g, and 25 g) of SCSF with a control. The diabetic subjects were supplemented with Indian blackberry SCSF (20 g) biscuits. Nutritional status was assessed such as body mass index (BMI) and waist-hip ratio (WHR). Results were analyzed statistically by two-way ANOVA and paired t-test.Results: Statistically, there was a significant difference (p<0.001) in flavor and taste perception between diabetics and normoglycemic. The mean fasting and postprandial glucose level decreased much (p<0.001). There was a significant (p<0.001) decrease in the BMI and WHR
THE EMERGING ROLE OF SERRATIOPEPTIDASE IN ORAL SURGERY: LITERATURE UPDATE
Authors: Kumar Mp Santhosh
Published: March 2018

Serratiopeptidase, a proteolytic enzyme derived from Serratia E-15 species enterobacteria, is widely used in medical field for its anti-inflammatory, anti-edemic properties, and analgesic properties. It is being used commonly in various specialties such as orthopedics, otolaryngology, gynecology, surgery, pulmonology, ophthalmology, and dentistry. Research has shown that serratiopeptidase is the most effective anti-inflammatory agent compared to other enzyme preparations. This article reviews the efficacy, safety, and applications of serratiopeptidase in oral surgery. This article also discusses the mechanism of action of serratiopeptidase, its contraindications and complications. From the recently published literature, it is clear that the role of serratiopeptidase as a therapeutic agent in oral and maxillofacial surgery is expanding and they hold a promising future as a broad-spectrum anti-inflammatory drug with minimal side effects and complications. Further, research will broaden their applications in the field of medicine and dentistry.
EFFECT OF SILVER NANOPARTICLE-MEDIATED WOUND THERAPY ON BIOCHEMICAL, HEMATOLOGICAL, AND HISTOLOGICAL PARAMETERS
Authors: Chauhan Pallavi Singh , Shrivastava Vikas , Gbks Prasad , Tomar Rajesh Singh
Published: March 2018

Objective: Green synthesis of nanoparticles has been used as an alternative, efficient, less expensive, and ecofriendly method. Ancient approaches employed for nanoparticle fabrication were chemical and physical methods having various disadvantages as they are costly and potentially harmful to the environment, use of harsh chemicals and stringent protocol for synthesizing nanoparticles. The present study is focused on the synthesis of silver nanoparticles by bio-availed as well as chemical route and evaluation of their wound healing potential in Wistar rat model.Methods: Extraction of Syzygium cumini was done and was used for silver nanoparticle synthesis. The synthesized nanoparticles were characterized by ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and transmission electron microscopy, which confirms the availability of nanosilver particles with marginally spherical morphology. The particles were then carried forward for treating impaired diabetic wounds in Wistar rat models. Regular photography was done and wound healing parameters were monitored throughout the study along with analyzing other parameters such as biochemical, hematological, and histological parameters.Results: The study showed that the sizes of the synthesized nanoparticles are below 100 nm. The results obtained from in vivo studies showed efficient wound healing potential of silver nanoparticles as compared to pre-existing drug povidone-iodine, i.e., the percentage reduction in wound area after therapy is 96.09% in case of biosynthesized silver nanoparticle-treated group, 97.7% reduction in chemically synthesized silver nanoparticle-treated group, 64.28% reduction in case of pre-existing drug povidone-iodine-treated group, 37.5% reduction in case of diabetic control group (diabetic), and 97.5% reduction in normal control group (non-diabetic). Results showed that biosynthesized silver nanoparticles showed less toxicity with respect to liver and kidney functions. Skin histology results showed increased sign of wound healing in biosynthesized silver nanoparticles. Hematology results showed no such variation.Conclusion: The study will help to synthesize new economically viable potential biosynthesized nanoparticles along with providing the approach to develop the medication at nanoscale level.
FORMULATION DEVELOPMENT AND CHARACTERIZATION OF SNAKEHEAD FISH POWDER IN ORAL DOUBLE EMULSION
Authors: Tungadi Robert , Imran Arlan K.
Published: March 2018

Objective: Snakehead fish has been scientifically proven to increase levels of albumin and boost the immune system so that the formulation development is required. The objective of this study was to formulate and characterize snakehead fish powder (SFP) in the form of the oral double emulsion.Methods: The manufacture of snakehead fish powder used the conventional method with dry heating at 50 °C. Characterization of SFP utilized proximate analysis method per 3 g of SFP. The double emulsion preparation was carried out by mixing 30% of the primary emulsion (w/o) into 70% of the secondary emulsion (w) to form the w/o/w emulsion. This preparation was prepared in 4 formulas having variations in Tween 80 concentrations at the secondary emulsions of 0.7%, 3.5%, 7.0% and 10.5% w/v, respectively using the spontaneous emulsification method. After that, all formulations were doing some tests, i.e. organoleptic test, pH, viscosity, flow types, globular diameter test and stability tests.Results: The results of proximate analysis every 3 g of SFP have obtained the contents of protein, 16.89%, lipid 24.52%, water 1.73% and ash 1.05%. Based on the optimization of the formula, the preparation of F4 with the content of Tween 80 at 10.5% secondary emulsion is the best formula due to slow phase separation, pH 7, unchanged organoleptic properties, large internal and external globular diameter (6.35 μm and 8.9 μm), as well as having a high viscosity value (1569.84 p) which correspond to pseudo plastic flow.Conclusion: The novelty of SFP can be developed as double emulsion orally based on the results of characterization and evaluation of double emulsion.
CULTURAL DIFFERENCES IN SELF-PERCEPTIONS OF ABILITY, CONFIDENCE, AND PERCEPTIONS OF DIFFICULTY: PEDAGOGICAL IMPLICATIONS FOR THE LANGUAGE CLASSROOM
Authors: Sellick Anthony , Bury James
Published: March 2018

With the Japanese government aiming to increase the proportion of foreign students attending Japanese universities to 10 percent by 2020, it is important to understand the different perceptions students have. This paper reports on a comparison between students from Confucian heritage culture (CHC) countries and students from non-Confucian Heritage Culture countries. The study found significant differences in the non-CHC students’ self-assessments of English language ability and in their confidence in using English, while no differences were found in perceptions of course difficulty or in final grades. The report briefly discusses some of the pedagogical implications of teaching classes with mixed cultural traditions.
A CLOSER LOOK INTO AN ESP COURSE THROUGH STUDENTS’ END-OF-COURSE EVALUATIONS: A CASE STUDY
Authors: Çelik Handan
Published: March 2018

With no doubt, evaluation has a significant role to ensure continuous improvement of any course, and ESP course, which is included in language teaching programs to satisfy a particular need, is not an exception. However, ESP course evaluation studies are still rare. With this in mind, this study reports the tertiary level students’ end-of-course evaluations regarding the ESP course offered within Banking department at Applied Sciences School of a state university in Turkey. Adopting survey methodology to unearth instances of the case being examined within its natural context from the perspective of its participants i.e. the students, the study gathered quantitative data through a scale which the students (N=96) reflected back on; the ESP practitioner, course materials, and course, and also qualitative data via open-ended items to elicit the students’ evaluations regarding the strengths of the course and likely changes and improvements. While the analysis of the quantitative data broadly showed the students’ satisfaction with the ESP practitioner, course materials, and the course itself, the content analysis of the qualitative data revealed insights regarding such issues as content-specific instruction and language skills development as strengths of the course. However, the qualitative data also showed that the students’ evaluations upon likely changes and improvements such as use of L1, teacher talk, and assessment diverged, which indicate heterogeneity as a challenge along the way impeding the effectiveness of ESP courses.
Analisis Pemenuhan Hak Dasar Anak Pada Program “Kota Layak Anak” Di Kecamatan Gading Cempaka, Bengkulu
Authors: Himawati Ika Pasca , Nopianti Heni , Hartati Sri , Hanum Sri Handayani
Published: March 2018

The purpose of this research is to find and to analyzes the fulfillment of the basic rights on child based on the regulation of the state minister for women empowerment and child protection of the republic of Indonesia No. 12 of 2011 on indicators district of a city worthy of child. The research was done in 2 areas which is located in Gading Cempaka Subdistrict, they are in Cempaka Permai and Lingkar Baratvillage. Research conducted with qualitative approach and data was collected  throughout observation, interview , FGD and study document . The result is a). In the both of areas have not had children forum which can directly accommodate the aspirations of children and do not involve children (age category of teenagers) on the activities and deliberations or work programs that exist in the environment RT or RW. b). In the both of areas has not been in the region of the unavailability of two consulting agencies for parents/family and child welfare agencies. c). In the both of areas has not been in an optimum manner use of leisure time and cultural activities it was found problems yet the number of program activity level of RT and RW aimed at maximizing the potential of children, as well as the unavailability of Green Open Space (RTH) as playing area that is safe and comfortable for children. Tujuan penelitian ini ialah menemukenali serta menganalisis pemenuhan hak dasar pada anak yang didasarkan pada Peraturan Menteri Negara Pemberdayaan Perempuandan Perlindungan Anak Republik Indonesia No. 12 Tahun 2011 tentang Indikator Kabupaten Kota Layak Anak. Penelitian dilakukan di 2 kawasan yang berada di Kecamatan Gading Cempaka, yakni Kelurahan Cempaka Permai dan Kelurahan Lingkar Barat. Peneliti menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan teknik pengambilan informan melalui purposive dan snowball sampling. Adapun teknik pengambilan data dilakukan  melalui observasi, wawancara, FGD dan studi dokumen. Temua penelitian menunjukkan bahwa a). Kedua wilayah penelitian belum memiliki forum anak yang dapat mengakomodir aspirasi anak secara langsung serta belum melibatkan anak khususnya anak kategori usia remaja pada kegiatan dan musyawarah ataupun program kerja yang ada di lingkungan RT/RW maupun kelurahan, b). Di dua kawasan tersebut belum tersedia lembaga konsultasi bagi orang tua/keluarga dan lembaga kesejahteraan anak. c). Belum banyaknya program kegiatan di tingkat RT dan RW yang ditujukan untuk memaksimalkan potensi anak serta belum tersedianya kawasan Ruang terbuka Hijau (RTH) sebagai kawasan bermain yang amandan nyaman bagi anak.
Beginner Voter’s Behavior: Study of the Simultaneous Regional Elections at Karawang Regency, West Java
Authors: Supriatna Encup
Published: March 2018

The purpose of this study is to know: Beginner Voter Behavior, the extent to which parties influence the political party influence the behavior of voter’s beginners, and factors that can affect voter behavior in Pedes Regency in the Simultaneous Regional Elections in Karawang regency in 2015. This study uses phenomenological approach, analytical descriptive method, and various qualitative research. The qualitative data needed in this research is related to: Beginner Voter Behavior, the extent to which parties influence the political parties to influence the behavior of the beginning voters, and what factors may affect voter behavior in Pedes District in the Simultaneous Regional Elections in Karawang regency in 2015 that is appropriate data and considered it is necessary to solve the problems formulated in the study. The analysis involves Beginner Voter Behavior, the extent to which political parties influence the behavior of novice voters, and factors that may influence voter behavior in Pedes District in the Simultaneous Regional Elections in Karawang Regency in 2015.
Front Matter Jurnal Ilmu Sosial Mamangan
Authors: Admin Admin
Published: March 2018

...
Sampul Depan 35 2 2017
Authors: Puspitasari Santi
Published: March 2018

Sampul Depan 35 2 2017
Cultural Branding as a Key in Positioning Schools: A Conceptual Model
Authors: Hidayatun Hidayatun
Published: March 2018

The increase of peopleâ€™s prosperity and education creates a change in their view about education and the need towards it. Consequently, their choice of educational institutions becomes more selective. On the other hand, the competition in this field becomes more viable due to the growth of the educational institutions. The management strategy should be evaluated. This paper discusses the interfaces between culture and school, especially those that refer to the branding. The study was carried out on a premise that creating a bond between the school and community is possible by adopting the culture in a formal education environment. This effort is expected to help schools to get a certain position in the community. Therefore, this study attempts to promote a conceptual model of cultural branding in schools and to reveal the reasons why the model becomes an effective marketing strategy in this era.Â KeywordsBranding, School culture, Positioning, Community bond
Tracing the origin of a new meaning of the term re‘āyā in the eighteenth-century ottoman Balkans
Authors: Fotic Aleksandar
Published: March 2018

Besides its usage with the primary meanings: 1) social status; 2)
subjectship, the term re??y? was used to denote, as many historians tend to
claim, ?only non-Muslim subjects? from ?sometime? in the second half of the
eighteenth and in the nineteenth century. The paper demonstrates that this
meaning of the term re??y? had already been in use since the first decades of
the eighteenth century, and not to the exclusion of but along with other
meanings. More frequent replacement of the neutral shari?a term zimm?(ler)
and the usual official term kefere with the word re??y? should be considered
a consequence of structural social change taking place in the same century.
Austria-Hungary’s “civilizing mission” in the Balkans a view from Belgrade (1903-1914)
Authors: Kovic Milos
Published: March 2018

The conflict between Serbia and Austria-Hungary in the years preceding the
First World War is looked at in the global context of the ?age of empire?.
The Balkans was to Austria-Hungary what Africa or Asia was to the other
colonial powers of the period. The usual ideological justification for the
Dual Monarchy?s imperialistic expansion was its ?civilizing mission? in the
?half-savage? Balkans. The paper shows that the leading Serbian intellectuals
of the time gathered round the Srpski knjizevni glasnik (Serbian Literary
Herald) were well aware of the colonial rationale and ?civilizing? ambitions
of the Habsburg Balkan policy, and responded in their public work, including
both scholarly and literary production, to the necessity of resistance to the
neighbouring empire?s ?cultural mission?.
An order of crime the criminal law of the Independent State of Croatia (NDH) 1941-1945
Authors: Vukovic Igor
Published: March 2018

The system of criminal law norms passed in the so-called Independent State of
Croatia (NDH) from its inception in 1941 was aimed at creating and
maintaining an atmosphere of terror implemented by the Ustasha government.
Although the framework of substantive and procedural rules of the Kingdom of
Yugoslavia was formally retained, immediately after the establishment of the
NDH regulations introducing many new crimes punishable by death were enacted.
Defining the ?honour and vital interests of the Croatian people? as an
appropriate object of criminal law protection enabled the creation of a
regime of legalized repression against non-Croat populations, with an
extensive jurisdiction of martial criminal justice. In addition to abuse of
the court martial mechanism, the criminal character of government was also
manifested in the wide application of administrative and punitive measures of
sending to concentration camps as well as collective punishment. In line with
Radbruch?s thought, the author denies the legal character of the system of
criminal law formally established in the territory of the NDH in the
circumstances of genocide.
The potential influence of interest groups on the us foreign policy: A case of Kosovo
Authors: Mitrovic Miroslav
Published: March 2018

Current developments in the world geopolitical arena indicate that the US
foreign policy has a strong impact on global and regional scene. At same
time, interest representation or lobbying is legally based and professionally
legitimized activity, which is under regulatory observation of authorities
and general public. In this paper, the author discusses organizational forms
of political interest representation, as well as the models of lobbying in
the US foreign policy. Moreover, the results of the organized influence on
the US foreign policy decisions through the participation of Albanian
interest groups in support of the implementation of the so-called ?Republic
of Kosovo? project are presented in the paper. The methodology of content
analysis and synthesis of conclusions induced the resultant indicators of the
effective implementation of the interest representation strategy. Conclusions
point to the potentials of organized and strategically planned lob?bying
activities toward the US institutions in support of achieving national
interest in foreign policy arena.
Some characteristics of the origin, migration and demographic processes at Sjenica-Pester plateau
Authors: Selimovic Salih
Published: March 2018

According to this paper it can be concluded that until the War of Candia, and
in particular the Battle of Vienna or the Great Turkish War, the
Sjenica-Pester plateau population was mainly Serbian Orthodox with special
separate groups such as Vlach shepherds. After the aforementioned wars, the
religious denomination and somewhat ethnic structure changed. The existing
Serbian population experienced a real exodus during the well-known migrations
in 1690 and 1737. The Malisors from Montenegro and highlanders settled in the
deserted Pester and Sjenica valley. That was the beginning of the process of
Islamization which was completed in the middle of the 19th century. Intense
emigration of Orthodox and Muslim population took place during the 19th and
20th centuries. There were multiple causes of dynamic migrations even after
the Great Migrations. The natural tendency of Dinaric highlanders to settle
in flatter and tamer areas, agrarian overpopulation, wars, rebellions,
uprisings, epidemics and religious and political reason were not negligible.
Until the breakup of Yugoslavia, internal migrations were the largest and
most dinamic, which along with a very low population growth led to
depopulation and migration from villages in which only the elderly population
remained.
Stress exposure as a mechanism of the impact of socio-economic status on health quality
Authors: Mentus Vladimir , Mentus Tatjana
Published: March 2018

The subject of this paper is stress exposure as one of the mechanisms through
which the socioeconomic status may affect the health. First of all, the
nature of the relationship between the socioeconomic status and the health
quality, as well as possible mechanisms of relationship between them in
general are presented. Then, an overview of the relationship between
socioeconomic status and stress exposure is provided, as well as previous
research results in this field. Finally, mechanisms by which stress exposure
may affect health quality are presented. The largest number of studies
indicates a positive correlation between socioeconomic position and health
quality and a negative correlation between status and stress exposure, as
well as health quality and stress exposure. The results regarding the
relationship between socioeconomic status and stress exposure are in this
respect the least consistent, mostly due to differences in the
conceptualizations and operationalizations, poor representativeness of
samples, and other methodological issues, as well as the characteristics of
the examined populations themselves. Further, behaviors relevant to health
quality, such as diet or physical activity, are to a great extent related to
socioeconomic status and stress exposure. Whatever the mechanisms by which
the interaction between these variables is explained may be, the
socioeconomic status is probably the key for prevention and overcoming
stressful situations, and thus, for health in general.
Economist Nikolai Voznesensky and his contributions to USSR victory in the second world war
Authors: Pajovic Ivan
Published: March 2018

The paper is a retrospective presentation of the work of Nikolai Alekseevich
Voznesensky - an economist, scientist and economic activist who was notable
for his work on the law of value, market and profit in socialism. This work
examines the significance of its impact on the economy of the Soviet Union
before and especially during the Second World War. The paper presents the
quantifiers of the development of the Soviet Union before the war, and data
that are significant for the course of the war and the Soviet victory.
Voznesensky as an economic expert and a state official was a key figure in
the evacuation of the Soviet economy and its reestablishment for the purpose
of national defense and the final victory over the German aggressors. His
great merit for the final victory of the Soviet Union is undeniable, perhaps
even crucial. Although undoubtedly meritorious, he underwent repression and
was executed under unclear circumstances circumstances. Although he was a
Marxist economist with socialist views of economic activity, Voznesensky is
unjustly neglected figure in the history of the world economy and economic
thought.
Example of historical content found in the fourth grade of Belgrade primary schools
Authors: Stepic Gordana
Published: March 2018

The research topic is rethinking the ways of improving the quality of
students? knowledge in the matters of nature and society. The aim was to
examine empirically and to evaluate the effect of the experimental model of
nature and society team teaching in a web environment on the quality of
knowledge of the fourth-grade primary school students. The experimental
method (experiment with parallel groups) was applied. Research techniques
used were testing and working on pedagogical documentation. The data were
collected by means of knowledge tests (initial and final) and protocols for
data collection. The study included one hundred and seventy students,
eighty-five students were in the control and eighty-five students were in
the experimental group. Vital part of the research is creating a stimulating
environment for learning where students are able to acquire knowledge
through individual, individualized or collaborative processes of thinking,
which are organized, maintained and evaluated by a team of teachers.
The Impact of Auditor Task Difficulty and Audit Quality Indicators on Jurors' Assessments of Audit Quality
Authors: Wright Arnold M. , Wu Yi-Jing
Published: March 2018

This study examines the effect of auditor task difficulty on jurors' overall assessment of audit quality following an alleged audit failure (i.e., a restatement) given audit quality indicators (AQIs). We focus on assurance of fair value estimates, a pervasive, difficult-to-audit area. Employing an experiment with prospective jurors, we manipulate auditor task difficulty (moderate or high), input AQI (high or low), and process AQI (high or low). Consistent with expectations from Attribution Theory, we find evidence, as reflected in jurors' assessments of audit quality, that higher task difficulty elicits the salience of external causes for the alleged negative audit outcome (i.e., factors beyond auditors' control) while lower task difficulty induces the salience of internal causes (i.e., factors within auditors' control). Together, our results suggest that jurors recognize the difficulty associated with auditing complex estimates, and in turn adjust their expectations regarding the level of auditor diligence that must be demonstrated, demanding a very high level of diligence (both AQI input and process) for the less difficult task while generally exhibiting lesser demands for the more difficult task. We also find that jurors' audit quality assessments are significantly linked to subsequent evaluations of auditor responsibility and to verdict decisions of auditor negligence.
Does IT Outsourcing Affect the Accuracy and Speed of Financial Disclosures? Evidence from Preparer-Side XBRL Filing Decisions
Authors: Cong Yu , Omar Ayishat , Sun Huey-Lian
Published: March 2018

In this paper, we examine the impact of preparer-side XBRL filing decisions on the accuracy and speed of financial disclosures. Specifically, we use the choice between in-house and outsourced preparation of XBRL filings to examine the impact of the decisions on financial disclosures. Using annual and quarterly SEC filings in XBRL format, we test the accuracy and speed of the filings by comparing the number of amendments and reporting delays of the filings that are prepared in-house relative to those prepared by a third party. Our results indicate that outsourcing XBRL filings increases reporting accuracy but does not affect speed. Additionally, several firm-specific characteristics, including the complexity of XBRL filings, have an impact on the accuracy and speed of XBRL filings.
Adipocyte Long-Noncoding RNA Transcriptome Analysis of Obese Mice Identified Lnc-Leptin, Which Regulates Leptin
Authors: Lo Kinyui Alice , Huang Shiqi , Walet Arcinas Camille Esther , Zhang Zhi-chun , Leow Melvin Khee-Shing , Liu Meihui , Sun Lei
Published: March 2018

Obesity induces profound transcriptome changes in adipocytes, and recent evidence suggests that long-noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) play key roles in this process. We performed a comprehensive transcriptome study by RNA sequencing in adipocytes isolated from interscapular brown, inguinal, and epididymal white adipose tissue in diet-induced obese mice. The analysis revealed a set of obesity-dysregulated lncRNAs, many of which exhibit dynamic changes in the fed versus fasted state, potentially serving as novel molecular markers of adipose energy status. Among the most prominent lncRNAs is Lnc-leptin, which is transcribed from an enhancer region upstream of leptin (Lep). Expression of Lnc-leptin is sensitive to insulin and closely correlates to Lep expression across diverse pathophysiological conditions. Functionally, induction of Lnc-leptin is essential for adipogenesis, and its presence is required for the maintenance of Lep expression in vitro and in vivo. Direct interaction was detected between DNA loci of Lnc-leptin and Lep in mature adipocytes, which diminished upon Lnc-leptin knockdown. Our study establishes Lnc-leptin as a new regulator of Lep.
O avô e a avó na visão dos netos
Authors: Azambuja Rosa Maria Da Motta , Rabinovich Elaine Pedreira
Published: March 2018

Este artigo objetivou descrever a visão dos netos de suas relações com seu avô e sua avó, com base na dimensão pessoa da teoria bio-ecológica, de Bronfenbrenner. O estudo, de abordagem qualitativa, contou com a participação de seis avós e seus netos em idade escolar. Para a coleta de dados, foram utilizados instrumentos da perspectiva educacional (roda de conversa e álbum de imagens). Os principais resultados apontam que há diferença nas relações intergeracionais em função de gênero.
POLITIK HUKUM DI BIDANG KESEHATAN DALAM HUBUNGANNYA DENGAN PENGADAAN BARANG DAN JASA PEMERINTAH DI BIDANG KESEHATAN
Authors: Sugiati Taty , Perwira Indra
Published: March 2018

Salah satu tujuan negara adalah terwujudnya kesejahteraan umum. Salah satu unsur dari kesejahteraan umum adalah kesehatan. Guna mewujudkan kesejahteraan dibidang kesehatan, pemerintah menyelenggarakan pembangunan dengan berbagai kegiatan atau upaya kesehatan dan fasilitas pelayanan kesehatan, dengan menggunakan metode pengadaan barang dan jasa pemerintah di bidang kesehatan. Permasalahan yang timbul yaitu bagaimana upaya yang dilakukan pemerintah dalam peningkatan pelayanan kesehatan pada masyarakat berkaitan dengan Pengadaan Barang dan Jasa Pemerintah dibidang kesehatan. Penelitian ini merupakan tipe penelitian yuridis normatif dan penelitian ini bersifat deskriptif analitis. Pengadaan barang dan jasa pemerintah dibidang kesehatan memiliki karakteristik khusus, yang seringkali dihadapkan pada kondisi yang tidak normal yang membutuhkan respon secara cepat untuk kepentingan pemenuhan pelayanan kesehatan berupa alat–alat kesehatan, obat–obatan dan lain sebagainya, bahkan tidak jarang ditujukan untuk kepentingan keselamatan jiwa manusia. Penunjukan langsung menjadi satu–satunya pilihan yang harus diambil untuk memenuhi kebutuhan dibidang kesehatan. Dalam kondisi yang demikian itu, acapkali pejabat yang bertanggungjawab dalam pengadaan barang/jasa dibidang kesehatan mengesampingkan norma dan prosedur yang ada dengan menitikberatkan pada tujuan yaitu keselamatan jiwa manusia. Akan tetapi kebijakan yang terkait dengan penunjukan langsung dalam pengadaan barang/jasa dibidang kesehatan seringkali berujung pada tuntutan pidana yang menimbulkan dampak pada pelayanan kesehatan.

Kata kunci : Pembangunan bidang kesehatan, pengadaan barang.
PENDAFTARAN TANAH UNTUK MEMINIMALKAN KONFLIK ATAS TANAH
Authors: Yamin Muhammad , Zaidar Zaidar
Published: March 2018

Mengamati banyak konflik tanah di Indonesia yang terus meningkat, dan diikuti oleh populasi yang tumbuh cepat sehingga permintaan lahan juga akan meningkat secara otomatis. Sedangkan jumlah lahan yang tersedia terbatas. Kondisi ini tentunya akan menimbulkan masalah dalam pengendalian dan pemilikan lahan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui faktor-faktor penyebab konflik tanah, dengan melakukan inventarisasi ke lahan yang dimiliki oleh masyarakat (baik yang terdaftar maupun tidak terdaftar).Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah penelitian hukum normatif empiris, dengan menggunakan data sekunder dan data primer. Data sekunder diperoleh melalui studi literatur, sedangkan data primer diperoleh langsung dari responden, dengan menggunakan pedoman wawancara dan kuesioner. Lokasi penelitian berada di Deli Serdang, dari 23 kecamatan di Deli Serdang, 7 kabupaten diambil dan dibuat dalam sampel dari masing-masing kabupaten diberi 100 responden.Dari hasil penelitian ini, diketahui bahwa, pelaksanaan pendaftaran tanah di Kabupaten Deli Serdang belum terjadi seperti yang diharapkan. Bisa dilihat dari jumlah lahan yang belum terdaftar, kondisi ini tentu akan memicu konflik atau perselisihan di masyarakat, baik perselisihan batas kepemilikan, pengendalian lahan ilegal, perselisihan warisan, kepemilikan sertifikat, kurangnya ketertarikan masyarakat untuk mengikuti pendaftaran tanah adalah karena berbagai alasan, yaitu: masyarakat tidak mengetahui tujuan pendaftaran tanah, biayanya mahal, pengelolaannya berbelit-belit, masyarakat merasa bahwa tidak perlu melakukannya,  lahan subur. 

Kata kunci: Registrasi Tanah, Kepastian Hukum, Konflik.
Työtapaturmaisten olka- ja polvivammojen hoitotoimenpiteet ja -kustannukset sekä hoidon ja sairauslomien kesto vakuutusyhtiön rekisteriaineistoon perustuen
Authors: Pietilä Julia , Tolonen Johanna , Helander Elina
Published: March 2018

Polven ja olan alueen vammat ovat tyypillisiä työtapaturmavammoja ja aiheuttavat merkittävän osan työtapaturmavammojen hoitokustannuksista. Tutkimusaineistona käytettiin suomalaisen vakuutusyhtiön keräämää rekisteriaineistoa korvattujen työtapaturmavammojenhoidosta yksityisissä lääkärikeskuksissa vuosilta 2010-2015. Yhteensä 555 (miehiä: 57 %, ikä: 40,9±11,8 vuotta) ICD-10-tautiluokituksen pääluokkaan S83 kuuluvaa polven ja 377 (miehiä: 56 %, ikä: 42,4±12,1 vuotta) pääluokkaan S43 tai S46 kuuluvaa olan alueen vammaa tarkasteltiin tehtyjen hoitotoimenpiteiden, hoitokustannusten, hoidon keston sekä sairauslomien pituuksien suhteen. Lisäksi leikattujen ja/tai kuntoutettujen potilaiden osalta tarkasteltiin suomalaisten hoitosuositusten toteutumista ensisijaisen hoitomuodon sekä leikkausajankohdan suhteen.

Polven ja olan alueen vammoista kaksi kolmasosaa aiheutui työpaikkatapaturmissa henkilön kaatuessa, pudotessa tai fyysisesti kuormittuessa ja loput työmatkatapaturmissa jalankulkijan tai pyöräilijän kaatuessa, liukastuessa tai kompastuessa. Suurin osa vammoista oli lieviä: 84 % potilaista hoidettiin tavanomaisilla lääkärinvastaanottokäynneillä ja 54 %:lla potilaista sairausloma oli korkeintaan viikon. Vain 16 % potilaista hoidettiin kuntouttamalla ja/tai leikkauksella, mutta nämä hoidot aiheuttivat 61 % kaikista hoitokustannuksista ja puolilla (51 %) näistä potilaista sairausloma kesti yli 3 kuukautta. Toteutuneessa hoidossa fysioterapeuttista kuntoutusta annettiin ennen leikkaushoitoa neljäsosalle polven ja kolmasosalle olan alueen vammoista. Hoitosuositusten mukaiset leikkausajankohdat toteutuivat aineistossa, kun leikkausajankohdan suositus oli yli 2 kuukautta vammautumisesta. Esimerkiksi 80 % kiertäjäkalvosinvammoista leikattiin hoitosuositusten mukaisesti noin 4 kuukauden kuluessa vammautumisesta, mutta nivelkierukkavammoista vain 5 % leikattiin hoitosuositusten mukaisesti 1-2 viikon kuluessa vammautumisesta.

Työtapaturmista aiheutuu vain vähän vakavia polven ja olan alueen vammoja, mutta niiden hoitoon keskittyminen on tärkeää, koska ne aiheuttavat sekä suuria kustannuksia että pitkiä sairauslomia. Ylimääräisten hoitokustannusten ja sairauslomapäivien ehkäisy työtapaturmavammoissa vaatii toisaalta lääketieteellisesti oikeita ja varhaisia diagnooseja sekä optimaalisia hoitokäytäntöjä, mutta myös joustavia ja tapauskohtaisia toimia vakuutusyhtiöltä.
Terveydenhuollon hallinnan muutosajureista
Authors: Lappalainen Kari
Published: March 2018

Hyvinvointiyhteiskuntien kansallisiin terveydenhuoltojärjestelmiin kohdistuu taloudellisia, yhteiskunnallisia sekä teknologisia muutospaineita, jotka korostavat terveydenhuollon asemaa yhteiskunnissa. Samalla kuin siilomaisesta toimintamallista siirrytään asteittain integroidumpaan ja verkostomaisempaan ekosysteemiin, tiedostetaan toimijoiden välinen tiedonkulku ja läpinäkyvyys innovaatioita synnyttäväksi tuottavuustekijäksi.

Euroopan Unionin maiden terveydenhuollossa kansalaiset koetaan enenevässä määrin kuluttajiksi, jolla on sekä oikeuksia, mutta myös velvollisuuksia. Julkisen sektorin perinteisiä hallinnan (governance) malleja joudutaan jatkuvasti uudelleen arvioimaan ja muutoksesta onkin tullut pysyvä olotila, jota enenevässä määrin ohjaavat myös kansainväliset vaikutukset. Terveydenhuollossa luovuutta ja itseohjautuvuutta edistävät mekanismit nähdäänkin organisaatioiden keskeisiksi menestystekijöiksi. Tarve uudenlaiselle johtamisen kulttuurille on tunnistettu. Johtamisjärjestelmiä tukevat teoriat pyrkivät selittämään ja tarjoamaan viitekehyksiä, joihin tukeutumalla jatkuvaan kehittämiseen orientoituvat organisaatiot pyrkivät sopeutumaan alati uudistuviin olosuhteisiin, joissa julkisen ja yksityisen sektorin hybridit edustavat uudenlaista hallintamallia. Artikkelin tehtävänä on kuvata terveydenhuollon keskeisiä muutosajureita kansainvälisen kirjallisuuskatsauksen avulla. Tutkimuksen teoreettisena viitekehyksenä toimii luovan hallinnan teoria (Creative Governance). Tutkimus syventää ymmärrystämme terveydenhuollon keskeistä muutosajureista, kuten tehokkuusvaatimusten seurauksena integroituvista arvoverkoista, valinnanvapauden kautta lisääntyvästä kilpailusta sekä informaatioteknologian uusista mahdollisuuksista. Yhteistä muutosajureille näyttää olevan, että ne saavat voimansa terveydenhuollon toimialan kasvavasta taloudellisesta painoarvosta sekä sen seurauksena syntyvästä tarpeesta uudistaa henkilöstöintensiivisen toimialan johtamista. Tutkimus vahvisti osaltaan teoreettisen viitekehyksen oletuksia terveydenhuollon strategisesta, operatiivisesta sekä innovaatiojohtamisesta ja vahvisti näkemystä, että eri maiden lainsäädäntöjen ja käytäntöjen yhtenäistyessä luovan hallinnan teoria on sovellettavissa kansainvälisesti.