bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Peritoneal Inflammation after Twenty-Week Exposure to Dialysis Solution: Effect of Solution versus Catheter–Foreign Body Reaction
Authors: Flessner Michael F. , Credit Kimberly , Richardson Karla , Potter Rebecca , Li Xiaorong , He Zhi , Hoskins Glenn , Henegar Jeffrey
Published: February 2010

♦ Background

We hypothesized that both sterile solutions and foreign body reaction to the peritoneal dialysis catheter are associated with inflammatory changes in rats exposed to hypertonic solution.

♦ Methods

Four hypertonic solutions (30 – 40 mL) were injected daily via needle and syringe over 20 weeks in 4 groups of rats: 4.25% standard clinical solution (LAC), LAC plus pyridoxamine (PYR), LAC plus ethyl pyruvate (EP), and a biocompatible 4% dextrose solution (BIC). Two groups received catheters: a non-injected 4-week catheter group (C4) and a group injected for 20 weeks with the BIC solution (CI). Control animals (CON) were not injected. In the C4 group, adherent cells were separated from the catheter and examined by culture and electron microscopy to ensure that animals were bacteria free prior to exposure to solution. Animals underwent transport experiments to determine mass transfer coefficients of mannitol (MTCM) and albumin (MTCA), osmotic filtration flux (Josm), and hydrostatic pressure-driven flux (Jp). After euthanasia, tissues were examined for submesothelial thickness, vascular density, and immunohistochemistry for various cytokines.

♦ Results

The catheter cell layer was free of bacteria and consisted of macrophages, lymphocytes, mesothelial cells, and fibroblastic cells. Marked differences in angiogenesis and submesothelial thickening were noted for the catheter groups. Transport differences were mixed: MTCM was significantly less for the CI group and MTCA was variable among the groups. There were no differences among groups for Josm or Jp. Inflammatory markers in the catheter-adherent cells correlated with inflammatory changes in the tissue. These data demonstrate significant changes in submesothelial thickness, angiogenesis, transport function, and inflammatory markers between animals injected with sterile solutions over 20 weeks with and without catheters.

♦ Conclusions

An indwelling catheter amplifies peritoneal inflammation from dialysis solutions through a foreign body reaction. Our data also suggest that additives to existing solutions may have limited the effect on inflammatory response to non-biocompatible solutions.
Pharyngitis and Streptococcal Throat Infections
Authors: Martin Judith M.
Published: February 2010

CME EDUCATIONAL OBJECTIVES

1.

Identify the major clinical manifestations of group A streptococcal pharyngitis.

2.

Review the available clinical laboratory tests for diagnosis of group A streptococcal infections.

3.

Discuss the most appropriate treatment for group A streptococcal infections, including the drug(s) of choice, alternative therapies, duration of therapy, and ineffective agents.
Acute Sinusitis: Clinical Manifestations and Treatment Approaches
Authors: DeMuri Gregory P. , Wald Ellen R.
Published: February 2010

CME EDUCATIONAL OBJECTIVES

1.

Identify the clinical presentation of acute bacterial sinusitis in children.

2.

Review the pathogenesis of acute bacterial sinusitis in children and the typical bacterial pathogens found in this disease.

3.

Define a diagnostic and management plan for pediatric patients with acute bacterial sinusitis.
Trehalose and Protein Stability
Authors: Jain Nishant Kumar , Roy Ipsita
Published: February 2010

The role of osmolytes, and especially trehalose, in stabilizing proteins under stress conditions is now a widely accepted fact. The physical and chemical properties of trehalose, i.e., low chemical reactivity, nonreducing nature, high glass transition temperature, high affinity for water molecules, existence of a number of polymorphs, etc., make it uniquely suitable for stabilizing partially unfolded protein molecules and inhibiting protein aggregation. This article discusses the various adverse situations that protein molecules face, both within the cell and outside, leading to their aggregation and inactivation. The use of trehalose in stabilizing protein molecules and helping them retain their functionally active forms under such conditions is examined. The various theories and mechanisms used to explain the protective action of trehalose are briefly presented. The experimental tools that can be used to decipher the mechanism of aggregation and the role of trehalose are also discussed. Curr. Protoc. Protein Sci. 59:4.9.1‐4.9.12. © 2010 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Catalytic Asymmetric Hydrogenation of
C

N
Functions
Authors: Blaser Hans‐Ulrich , Spindler Felix
Published: February 2010

Chiral amines are important targets for synthetic chemists and attempts to prepare such compounds via enantioselective hydrogenation of an appropriate CN function date back to 1941. Originally, only heterogeneous hydrogenation catalysts such as Pt black, Pd/C, or Raney nickel were employed. Remarkable progress has been made since the 1990s and a variety of very selective catalysts are now available for the enantioselective reduction of different types of CN functions. The first industrial application was announced in 1996. Despite progress, the enantioselective hydrogenation of prochiral CN groups such as imines, oximes, or hydrozones is still a challenge.

This chapter provides a comprehensive overview of the enantioselective hydrogenation and transfer hydrogenation of various CN functions using chiral catalysts. Because the net transformation is the same for both types, the results of various substrate types are summarized together. In many cases, different catalyst types are required. For example, if hydrogen is used, the metal must be able to activate the very strong HH bonds, In contrast, the activation seems to be more facile for the transfer of donor molecules such as formic acid and Hantzch esters, which form aromatic products. This review covers the literature up to September 2007.
Terrorist Threat Analysis
Authors: Williams Jack F.
Published: February 2010

This article will summarize methods that can be used for threat analysis with applications for modeling threats generated by non‐state adversaries. Traditionally, threat models focused on an adversary's capability to mount a specific attack and that adversary's intent to carry out such an attack. However, as explicated in this article, threat is best understood as the product of an adversary's capability, intent, and authority to engage a specific target by a particular attack mode. Furthermore, threat does not emerge from a clean room; rather, threat is strongly influenced by an adversary's culture and constituencies. Thus, any robust model of threat requires a cultural awareness of an adversary, and its intended audience. Examples of capability, intent, and authority will be provided in an effort to portray a robust threat profile. Specifically, this article will employ an al‐Qaeda WMD threat as an example of the application of the threat assessment suggested.
Technologies for Real‐Time Data Acquisition, Integration, and Transmission
Authors: Huyck Charles K. , Amyx Paul R.
Published: February 2010

Immediately after a disaster, decision‐makers need to know the magnitude, scope, and spatial distribution of damage in order to effectively assess impact and allocate resources. Without a clear view of the magnitude of an event, emergency managers may make misinformed decisions that exacerbate disaster conditions. Real‐time data feeds are available to plan for an impending event, assess impact directly after an event, and monitor an event as it unfolds. Real‐time data feeds are most effective for decision‐making purposes when combined with decision support systems (DSS) that can interpret highly technical data into anticipated effects for use by emergency managers and/or the general public. Software developers must work with scientists to integrate DSS results into Internet data portals providing information in clear and simple terms. This article provides sources of real‐time data and discusses promising examples of successful integration with software systems in the field of emergency management. Several areas for future research are identified.
Potential Contamination Agents of Interest
Authors: Clark Robert M.
Published: February 2010

Listings of chemical, biological or radiological agents that could be used in terror attacks have been presented elsewhere in this handbook. Not all such agents are of concern in water because they degrade, disperse or are otherwise ineffective. At the same time, some common chemicals and organisms, not ordinarily considered to be hazardous in water, could represent a potential problem in a water or wastewater context. This article will summarize information from open literature, on contaminants that have been identified as being of interest in water supply. It discusses the features of different classes of contaminants that are important and provides summary tables of contaminants along with their chemical, biological and toxicological properties.
Risk and Uncertainty for Food Safety and Animal Health
Authors: Zach Lorna , Bier Vicki
Published: February 2010

This article provides an introduction to the tools of uncertainty analysis as applied to food safety. In particular, we focus on the technique of two‐dimensional Monte Carlo simulation as a method of taking into account not only variability (which is already commonly addressed in simulation models), but also uncertainty about the inputs to the simulation. The potential uses and benefits of this technique are illustrated by several applications to food safety and animal disease; we also discuss how the technique can be applied to problems of concern with regard to homeland security, and provide some caveats.
Security of Web Application and Services and Service‐Oriented Architectures
Authors: Goodner Marc
Published: February 2010

Service Oriented Architecture, or SOA, can help organizations integrate heterogeneous systems, provide for increased reuse of software assets, provide multichannel access to common components, and describe ways to build distributed systems, while reducing complexity and increasing interoperability. Seen as a natural outgrowth of previous software design paradigms, the key distinguishing characteristic it has is facilitating interoperability between distributed software components. As an architectural style for designing software SOA does not mandate one implementation choice over another. While there are many realizations of these principles the most pervasive implementation choice for SOA is Web services.

This narrative will discuss the various technical specifications and standards that have been developed to help secure web services. It will also discuss security concerns and potential vulnerabilities associated with SOAs, including possible lack of information about what lies behind SOA interfaces, identity and authentication issues, federated trust management, end‐to‐end security needs, policy specification and policy enforcement issues, and interoperability related to security issues.
Guidelines for the Prevention of Contamination of Drinking Water in Buildings and Large Venues
Authors: Samuels William B. , Bahadur Rakesh , Grayman Walter M. , Borja Ricardo P.
Published: February 2010

The purpose of this article is to provide summary guidance regarding potential drinking water vulnerabilities in buildings and large venues. The following issues are discussed: (i) building and plumbing assessment of typical domestic water distribution systems in large venues such as in low‐rise and in high‐rise commercial buildings where components of these systems include typical water service connections, associated piping, valves, tanks, pumps, water flow and pressure characteristics and (ii) identification of potential primary routes for releasing chemical or biological agents that are likely to be used to contaminate the drinking water supply via internal plumbing and methods for protecting these sites.
Processing and Packaging that Protects the Food Supply Against Intentional Contamination
Authors: Morris Scott A.
Published: February 2010

This article discusses the state of the current food processing and packaging system in terms of its current and prospective capacity to prevent, detect and remediate an asymmetric attack at various points in the larger context of the food processing, packaging and distribution chain. Examples of failure in the current food safety system point to a supply system that is extremely vulnerable at many points, with contamination prevention methods that are only minimally effective and lax enforcement by inspectors. Balancing this is the fact that the food processing system is intrinsically a hazard‐reduction system that seeks to minimize hazards, risk and liabilities. Packaging is designed to be inexpensive, easy to manufacture and fill, and carry both marketing and information functions, but tamper prevention is often not designed into packages. Tamper evidence often relies on stock systems and components that are easily bypassed. Examples are taken from the more stringent pharmaceutical manufacturing and distribution system. Recommendations for systemic improvement in contamination prevention include improvements in responsiveness, resilience and transparency in the food safety system, design method improvements for packages, and continued work on inexpensive, rapid and accurate pathogen and toxin detection methods. The overlap of malicious manufacturing and malicious tampering or contamination is discussed.
Training for Individual Differences in Lie Detection Accuracy
Authors: Sullivan Maureen O’ , Frank Mark G. , Hurley Carolyn M.
Published: February 2010

Although technology has a vital role to play in the detection of potential terrorists, human lie detectors are also important in follow‐up interviews and in situations where technology is not useable. Over the last ten years, researchers have become more sophisticated in designing experimental scenarios for use in lie detection research. In addition, more nuanced and specific descriptions of the behavioral clues to deception have been reported. Using more rigorous experimental protocols to examine the effectiveness of training programs to increase lie detection accuracy has resulted in several encouraging results. The importance of various protocol considerations in designing such training studies, and the importance of individual difference variables such as variation in lie detection accuracy at the start of the training, motivation to improve in lie detection, and the role of personal values in accurate lie detection are reviewed. Constraints in applying this information in the security context are also discussed.
Safety of tumor necrosis factor α blockers in hepatitis B virus occult carriers (hepatitis B surface antigen negative/anti–hepatitis B core antigen positive) with rheumatic diseases
Authors: Caporali R. , Bobbio‐Pallavicini F. , Atzeni F. , Sakellariou G. , Caprioli M. , Montecucco C. , Sarzi‐Puttini P.
Published: February 2010

Objective

To assess the safety of anti–tumor necrosis factor α (anti‐TNFα) therapy on the course of hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection in carriers of antibodies to hepatitis B core antigen (anti‐HBc) affected by chronic inflammatory arthropathies.

Methods

From January 2001 to December 2008, HBV markers were determined before the first administration of anti‐TNFα agents in all 732 patients affected by inflammatory arthropathies treated with anti‐TNFα at 2 outpatient rheumatologic clinics in Northern Italy. Anti‐HBc–positive patients were prospectively evaluated and HBV markers and HBV DNA were assessed every 6 months, in case of aminotransferase elevation, and at the end of the study.

Results

At the time of recruitment, 72 patients were anti‐HBc carriers, 5 of whom were positive for hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) and not included in the study. The ratio of men:women was 26:41 and the mean ± SD followup was 42.52 ± 21.33 months. Of the patients, 25 were treated with infliximab, 23 with etanercept, and 19 with adalimumab. Fifty‐one patients were treated also with methotrexate, 52 with nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs, and 43 with prednisone (3 with a dosage >7.5 mg/day). All anti‐HBc patients were HBV DNA negative at the first observation. During followup, no patient presented HBV reactivation with viral load increase and no patient became HBsAg positive.

Conclusion

Anti‐HBc positivity in HBsAg‐negative patients is a sign of previous HBV infection and does not indicate chronic hepatitis. In these patients, anti‐TNFα therapy appears to be quite safe, as no HBV reactivation was found in our study. Nevertheless, careful monitoring is necessary.
Thresholds of patient‐reported outcomes that define the patient acceptable symptom state in ankylosing spondylitis vary over time and by treatment and patient characteristics
Authors: Maksymowych Walter P. , Gooch Katherine , Dougados Maxime , Wong Robert L. , Chen Naijun , Kupper Hartmut , van der Heijde Désirée
Published: February 2010

Objective

The patient acceptable symptom state (PASS) is a single‐question outcome tool to assess the level of symptoms at which patients with rheumatic diseases consider themselves well. We evaluated whether ankylosing spondylitis (AS) patient characteristics were associated with attaining the PASS and whether these characteristics influenced PASS thresholds for patient‐reported outcome (PRO) tools.

Methods

The Adalimumab Trial Evaluating Long‐term Efficacy and Safety for Ankylosing Spondylitis was a randomized, placebo‐controlled study that evaluated the efficacy and safety of adalimumab in treating AS. The PASS and PROs were assessed over 24 weeks. PASS thresholds for PROs were set as either the 25th or 75th percentiles of the PRO response score. Logistic regression analyses were conducted to determine the associations of particular patient characteristics with the PASS and other response outcomes at 12 weeks (ASessment in Ankylosing Spondylitis International Working Group criteria for 20% improvement [ASAS20], ASAS40, ASAS5/6, ASAS partial remission, and Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis Disease Activity Index 50% improvement).

Results

Age >40 years, disease duration >10 years, female sex, placebo treatment, and English‐speaking site were consistently associated with greater PASS thresholds for PROs. Age, male sex, disease duration, and treatment were each independently associated with attainment of the PASS at 12 weeks. Only age and treatment were independently associated with other response outcomes. PASS thresholds also decreased over 24 weeks.

Conclusion

PASS thresholds for PROs changed over time. These thresholds, as well as the attainment of the PASS, were affected by covariates unrelated to treatment. If confirmed in other studies, these results cast doubt on using the PASS to assess absolute health status in clinical research.
Patient‐physician discordance in assessments of global disease severity in rheumatoid arthritis
Authors: Barton Jennifer L. , Imboden John , Graf Jonathan , Glidden David , Yelin Edward H. , Schillinger Dean
Published: February 2010

Objective

To determine the degree of discordance between patient and physician assessment of disease severity in a multiethnic cohort of adults with rheumatoid arthritis (RA), to explore predictors of discordance, and to examine the impact of discordance on the Disease Activity Score in 28 joints (DAS28).

Methods

Adults with RA (n = 223) and their rheumatologists completed a visual analog scale (VAS) for global disease severity independently. Patient demographics, the 9‐item Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ‐9) depression scale score, the Health Assessment Questionnaire score, and the DAS28 were also collected. Logistic regression analyses were used to identify predictors of positive discordance, defined as a patient rating minus physician rating of >25 mm on a 100‐mm VAS (considered clinically relevant). DAS28 scores stratified by level of discordance were compared using a paired t‐test.

Results

Positive discordance was found in 30% of cases, with a mean ± SD difference of 46 ± 15. The strongest independent predictor of discordance was a 5‐point increase in PHQ‐9 score (adjusted odds ratio 1.61, 95% confidence interval 1.02–2.55). Higher swollen joint count and Cantonese/Mandarin language were associated with lower odds of discordance. DAS28 scores were most divergent among subjects with discordance.

Conclusion

Nearly one‐third of RA patients differed from their physicians to a meaningful degree in assessment of global disease severity. Higher depressive symptoms were associated with discordance. Further investigation of the relationships between mood, disease activity, and discordance may guide interventions to improve care for adults with RA.
Relationship of asymmetric dimethylarginine and homocysteine to vascular aging in systemic lupus erythematosus patients
Authors: Perna Michelle , Roman Mary J. , Alpert Deborah R. , Crow Mary K. , Lockshin Michael D. , Sammaritano Lisa , Devereux Richard B. , Cooke John P. , Salmon Jane E.
Published: February 2010

Objective

Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is independently associated with accelerated atherosclerosis and premature arterial stiffening. Asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA) and homocysteine are mechanistically interrelated mediators of endothelial dysfunction and correlates of atherosclerosis in the general population. The aim of this study was to assess the relationship of ADMA and homocysteine to subclinical vascular disease in patients with SLE.

Methods

One hundred twenty‐five patients with SLE who were participating in a study of cardiovascular disease underwent clinical and laboratory assessment, carotid artery ultrasonography to detect atherosclerosis, and radial artery applanation tonometry to measure arterial stiffness.

Results

Neither ADMA nor homocysteine correlated with the presence or extent of carotid atherosclerosis. In contrast, ADMA was significantly related to the arterial stiffness index. Independent correlates of arterial stiffening included the ADMA concentration, the presence of diabetes mellitus, older age at the time of diagnosis, longer disease duration, and the absence of anti‐Sm or anti‐RNP antibodies. A secondary multivariable analysis substituting homocysteine for ADMA demonstrated comparable relationships with arterial stiffness (r2 = 0.616 for homocysteine and r2 = 0.595 for ADMA).

Conclusion

ADMA and homocysteine are biomarkers for and may be mediators of premature arterial stiffening in patients with SLE. Because arterial stiffness has independent prognostic value for cardiovascular morbidity and mortality, its predictors may identify patients who are at increased risk of cardiovascular disease.
Antiinflammatory effects of tumor necrosis factor on hematopoietic cells in a murine model of erosive arthritis
Authors: Blüml Stephan , Binder Nikolaus B. , Niederreiter Birgit , Polzer Karin , Hayer Silvia , Tauber Stefanie , Schett Georg , Scheinecker Clemens , Kollias George , Selzer Edgar , Bilban Martin , Smolen Josef S. , Superti‐Furga Giulio , Redlich Kurt
Published: February 2010

Objective

To investigate the mechanisms leading to the influx of inflammatory hematopoietic cells into the synovial membrane and the role of tumor necrosis factor receptor I (TNFRI) and TNFRII in this process in an animal model of rheumatoid arthritis (RA).

Methods

We performed bone marrow transplantations in human TNF–transgenic mice using hematopoietic cells from wild‐type, TNFRI−/−, TNFRII−/−, and TNFRI/II−/− mice as donors and assessed the severity of arthritis histologically. Generation of osteoclasts from the different genotypes was analyzed in vitro and in vivo. Apoptosis was analyzed using annexin V staining as well as TUNEL assays.

Results

Despite lacking responsiveness to TNF in their hematopoietic compartment, mice not only developed full‐blown erosive arthritis but even showed increased joint destruction when compared with mice with a TNF‐responsive hematopoietic compartment. We demonstrated different roles of the 2 different TNFRs in the regulation of these processes. The absence of TNFRI on hematopoietic cells did not affect joint inflammation but markedly attenuated erosive bone destruction via reduced synovial accumulation of osteoclast precursors. In contrast, the absence of TNFRII on hematopoietic cells increased joint inflammation as well as erosive bone destruction via the regulation of osteoclast precursor apoptosis.

Conclusion

Our findings indicate that selective blockade of TNFRI, leaving the antiinflammatory effects of TNFRII unaltered instead of unselectively blocking TNF, might be advantageous in patients with RA.
Incidence and mortality of interstitial lung disease in rheumatoid arthritis: A population‐based study
Authors: Bongartz Tim , Nannini Carlotta , Medina‐Velasquez Yimy F. , Achenbach Sara J. , Crowson Cynthia S. , Ryu Jay H. , Vassallo Robert , Gabriel Sherine E. , Matteson Eric L.
Published: February 2010

Objective

Interstitial lung disease (ILD) has been recognized as an important comorbidity in rheumatoid arthritis (RA). We undertook the current study to assess incidence, predictors, and mortality of RA‐associated ILD.

Methods

We examined a population‐based incidence cohort of patients with RA and a matched cohort of individuals without RA. All subjects were followed up longitudinally. The lifetime risk of ILD was estimated. Cox proportional hazards models were used to compare the incidence of ILD between cohorts, to investigate predictors, and to explore the impact of ILD on survival.

Results

Patients with RA (n = 582) and subjects without RA (n = 603) were followed up for a mean of 16.4 and 19.3 years, respectively. The lifetime risk of developing ILD was 7.7% for RA patients and 0.9% for non‐RA subjects. This difference translated into a hazard ratio (HR) of 8.96 (95% confidence interval [95% CI] 4.02–19.94). The risk of developing ILD was higher in RA patients who were older at the time of disease onset, in male patients, and in individuals with more severe RA. The risk of death for RA patients with ILD was 3 times higher than in RA patients without ILD (HR 2.86 [95% CI 1.98–4.12]). Median survival after ILD diagnosis was only 2.6 years. ILD contributed ∼13% to the excess mortality of RA patients when compared with the general population.

Conclusion

Our results emphasize the increased risk of ILD in patients with RA. The devastating impact of ILD on survival provides evidence that development of better strategies for the treatment of ILD could significantly lower the excess mortality among individuals with RA.
Meta-analysis of small randomized controlled trials in surgery may be unreliable
Authors: Rerkasem K , Rothwell P M
Published: February 2010

Background

Meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) should provide reliable evidence about the effects of interventions. This may be less reliable when only small trials are available.

Methods

The sample size was determined for all surgical RCTs included in Cochrane Collaboration systematic reviews. The difficulty in interpreting meta-analysis of small trials is illustrated using two specific reviews.

Results

The typical sample size for surgical RCTs was small with a median of only 87 participants. Only 39·8 per cent had adequate prerandomization treatment allocation concealment. In both systematic reviews that were assessed in detail, statistically significant early results from meta-analysis of several small RCTs did not reliably predict the results of subsequent RCTs.

Conclusion

Surgical RCTs tend to be small and underpowered. Meta-analysis of such trials does not necessarily produce reliable results.
Studies of Amyloid‐Like Fibrillogenesis through β‐Sheet‐Mediated Self‐Assembly of Short Synthetic Peptides
Authors: Dutt Anita , Spencer Elinor C. , Howard Judith A. K. , Pramanik Animesh
Published: February 2010

Three structurally different types of small peptides, namely, i) Boc‐Ile‐Aib‐Ile‐OMe (Aib=α‐aminoisobutyric acid), ii) Boc‐Xx‐m‐aminobenzoic acid (Xx=β‐Ala and γ‐aminobutyric acid), and iii) Boc‐Xx‐m‐nitroaniline, were found to exhibit β‐sheet‐mediated fibrillogenesis in the solid state, revealed by FT‐IR, single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction, and FE‐SEM studies. Interestingly, the fibrils grown from peptides 2 and 3 were found to bind with the physiological dye Congo red, a characteristic feature of amyloid fibrils.
Volatile Compounds from Melicope obscura
Authors: Smadja Jacqueline , Strasberg Dominique , Legoff Géraldine , Gauvin‐Bialecki Anne
Published: February 2010

To evaluate the interpopulation variability of volatile compounds in Melicope obscura, four samples representing four populations were collected all over the distribution area of the species in Reunion Island (Indian Ocean). The samples were extracted by hydrodistillation, and analyzed using GC/FID and GC/MS techniques. The study revealed that, in the four essential oils obtained, oxygenated sesquiterpenes were one of the major chemical classes (9.2–35.2%), mainly consisting of a new compound, (+)‐6‐ethenyl‐2‐hydroxy‐6,10‐dimethylundeca‐2,9‐dien‐4‐one (1), called melicopenol (8.6–30.1%). The compound was isolated by column chromatography and identified by spectral analyses including 1D‐ and 2D‐NMR.
ChemInform Abstract: Bonding Elucidation of the Three Common Acids H2SO4, HNO3, and HClO4.
Authors: Kalemos Apostolos , Mavridis Aristides
Published: February 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Crystal Structure and Magnetic Properties of Li,Cr‐Containing Molybdates Li3Cr(MoO4)3, LiCr(MoO4)2 and Li1.8Cr1.2(MoO4)3.
Authors: Sarapulova A. , Mikhailova D. , Senyshyn A. , Ehrenberg H.
Published: February 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Isothermal Section of the Er—Fe—Al Ternary System at 800 °C.
Authors: Jemmali M. , Walha S. , Pasturel M. , Tougait O. , Ben Hassen R. , Noel H.
Published: February 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Possible Explanation for the Efficiency of Al‐Based Coatings on LiCoO2: Surface Properties of LiCo1‐xAlxO2 Solid Solution.
Authors: Daheron L. , Dedryvere R. , Martinez H. , Flahaut D. , Menetrier M. , Delmas C. , Gonbeau D.
Published: February 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Ternary Rare Earth Rhodium Antimonides Ln6Rh30Sb19 with Ln: La—Nd, Sm, and Eu.
Authors: Jeitschko Wolfgang , Altmeyer Rainer O. , Rodewald Ute Ch.
Published: February 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis and Solid State Structures of the Hydrogen‐Bonded Hexamolybdoplatinate(IV) Tetramer [(PtMo6O24)4H23]9‐ and the Hexamolybdoplatinate(IV) Trimers [(PtMo6O24)3H16]8‐ and [(PtMo6O24)3H14]10‐.
Authors: Day Victor W. , Goloboy James C. , Klemperer Walter G.
Published: February 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: tert‐Alcohol‐Functionalized Imidazolium Ionic Liquid: Catalyst for Mild Nucleophilic Substitution Reactions at Room Temperature.
Authors: Shinde Sandip S. , Chi Hyung Min , Lee Byoung Se , Chi Dae Yoon
Published: February 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: An Unprecedented Oxidative Wagner—Meerwein Transposition.
Authors: Guerard Kimiaka C. , Chapelle Clement , Giroux Marc‐Andre , Sabot Cyrille , Beaulieu Marc‐Andre , Achache Nabil , Canesi Sylvain
Published: February 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Manganese‐Catalyzed Cross‐Coupling Reactions of Nitrogen Nucleophiles with Aryl Halides in Water.
Authors: Teo Yong‐Chua , Yong Fui‐Fong , Poh Chai‐Yun , Yan Yaw‐Kai , Chua Guan‐Leong
Published: February 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: A Versatile Synthesis of Various Substituted Taurines from Vicinal Amino Alcohols and Aziridines.
Authors: Chen Ning , Jia Weiyi , Xu Jiaxi
Published: February 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Cyclopropylation of Arylamines at the 2‐Position with Cyclopropylmagnesium Carbenoids.
Authors: Yamada Yukie , Mizuno Mirai , Nagamoto Shinobu , Satoh Tsuyoshi
Published: February 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Enantioselective Synthesis of Quaternary Stereogenic Centers Through Catalytic Asymmetric Addition of Dimethylzinc to α‐Ketoesters with Chiral cis‐Cyclopropane‐Based Amide Alcohol as Ligand.
Authors: Zheng Bing , Hou Shicong , Li Zhiyuan , Guo Hongchao , Zhong Jiangchun , Wang Min
Published: February 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of 4‐Substituted Styrene Compounds via Palladium Catalyzed Suzuki—Miyaura Reaciton Using Bidentate Schiff Base Ligands.
Authors: Liu Yan , Wang Jinqu
Published: February 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: PdCl2‐Promoted Electrophilic Annulation of 2‐Alkynylphenol Derivatives with Disulfides or Diselenides in the Presence of Iodine.
Authors: Du Hui‐Ai , Zhang Xing‐Guo , Tang Ri‐Yuan , Li Jin‐Heng
Published: February 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of a New Spiro‐BOX Ligand and Its Application in Enantioselective Allylic Cyclization Based on Carbopalladation of Allenyl Hydrazines.
Authors: Shu Wei , Ma Shengming
Published: February 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Microwave‐Assisted Organocatalytic Multicomponent Knoevenagel/Hetero Diels—Alder Reaction for the Synthesis of 2,3‐Dihydropyran[2,3‐c]pyrazoles.
Authors: Radi Marco , Bernardo Vincenzo , Bechi Beatrice , Castagnolo Daniele , Pagano Mafalda , Botta Maurizio
Published: February 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: A One‐Pot Synthesis of 2‐Aryl‐4,5‐anti‐diphenyloxazolines.
Authors: Clayden Jonathan , Clayton James , Harvey Rebecca A. , Karlubikova Ol'ga
Published: February 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Copper‐Catalyzed Efficient Multicomponent Reaction: Synthesis of Benzoxazoline‐Amidine Derivatives.
Authors: Shang Yongjia , He Xinwei , Hu Jinsong , Wu Jianwei , Zhang Min , Yu Shuyan , Zhang Qianqian
Published: February 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Microwave Assisted Synthesis and Antimicrobial Activity of Some 2‐(Benzofuran‐2‐yl)‐7‐(substituted)imidazo[2,1‐b]benzothiazoles.
Authors: Rani Rekha , Makrandi J. K.
Published: February 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Electron Transfer‐Induced Aromatization of 1,4‐Dihydropyridines.
Authors: Memarian Hamid R. , Ghazaie Marieh , Mehneh Somayeh Kakhki
Published: February 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Formal Alkyne Aza‐Prins Cyclization: Gold(I)‐Catalyzed Cycloisomerization of Mixed N,O‐Acetals Generated from Homopropargylic Amines to Highly Substituted Piperidines.
Authors: Kim Cheoljae , Bae Hyo Jin , Lee Ji Hyung , Jeong Wook , Kim Haejin , Sampath Vasu , Rhee Young Ho
Published: February 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Quinolines from Morita—Baylis—Hillman Acetates of 2‐Azidobenzaldehydes.
Authors: Han Eun‐Gu , Kim Hea Jung , Lee Kee‐Jung
Published: February 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Heteroaromatic Sulfonates and Phosphates as Electrophiles in Iron‐Catalyzed Cross‐Couplings.
Authors: Goegsig Thomas M. , Lindhardt Anders T. , Skrydstrup Troels
Published: February 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Rh(II)‐Catalyzed Reactions of 2H‐Azirines with Ethyl 2‐Acyl‐2‐diazoacetates. Synthesis of Novel Photochromic Oxazines.
Authors: Khlebnikov Vsevolod A. , Novikov Mikhail S. , Khlebnikov Alexander F. , Rostovskii Nikolai V.
Published: February 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Efficient Synthesis of Nevirapine Analogues to Study Its Metabolic Profile by Click Fishing.
Authors: Bernard Sylvain , Defoy Daniel , Dory Yves L. , Klarskov Klaus
Published: February 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: The Soft Nucleophilicity of Organotellurolates Driving the SN2‐Type Lactone Ring‐Opening Reaction.
Authors: Silva Marcio S. , Dos Santos Alcindo A. , Comasseto Joao V.
Published: February 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: A One‐Pot Reaction for Biorefinery: Combination of Solid Acid and Base Catalysts for Direct Production of 5‐Hydroxymethylfurfural from Saccharides.
Authors: Takagaki Atsushi , Ohara Mika , Nishimura Shun , Ebitani Kohki
Published: February 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Solid‐State Synthesis of Magnesium‐Based Functional Alloys and Compounds
Authors: Aizawa T.
Published: February 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Stepwise Formation of Organometallic Macrocycles, Prisms and Boxes from Ir, Rh and Ru‐Based Half‐Sandwich Units
Authors: Han Ying‐Feng , Jia Wei‐Guo , Yu Wei‐Bin , Jin Guo‐Xin
Published: February 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis via Other Synthetic Solutions
Authors: Meneghetti Mario Roberto
Published: February 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Oxidative Addition and Transmetallation
Authors: Urriolabeitia Esteban P.
Published: February 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Introduction of Palladacycles
Authors: Morales‐Morales David
Published: February 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: The Long‐Overlooked Enzymology of a Nonribosomal Peptide Synthetase‐Independent Pathway for Virulence‐Conferring Siderophore Biosynthesis
Authors: Oves‐Costales Daniel , Kadi Nadia , Challis Gregory L.
Published: February 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Azobenzenes — Synthesis and Carbohydrate Applications
Authors: Hamon Florian , Djedaini‐Pilard Florence , Barbot Francis , Len Christophe
Published: February 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: The Renaissance of α‐Methylene‐γ‐butyrolactones: New Synthetic Approaches
Authors: Kitson Russell R. A. , Millemaggi Alessia , Taylor Richard J. K.
Published: February 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Hot Topics in Polysaccharide Chemistry — Selected Examples
Authors: Heinze Thomas
Published: February 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.