bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Oil and Grease Pollution in the West Coast of Sabah and Water Quality Index for the Conservation of Marine Biota
Authors:   Sabah Marine Department, Kota Kinabalu, Sabah, Malaysia, Francis Phemela Koh , Estim Abentin ,   Borneo Marine Research Institute, Universiti Malaysia Sabah, Malaysia, Sidik Madihah Jafar ,   Borneo Marine Research Institute, Universiti Malaysia Sabah, Malaysia
Published: June 2024

Oil and grease (O&G) concentrations were determined on the West Coast of Sabah to identify pollution hotspots and to understand the extent of the issue. Triplicate seawater samples were collected at twenty-five stations during the northeast (November 2020 to February 2021) and southwest (July 2021 to September 2021) monsoons. QGIS software was used to create a map model, and water quality indexes were used to provide information on the status of the marine ecosystem and marine biota preservation. O&G concentrations were significantly higher (p<0.05) in certain areas of the West Coast of Sabah, ranging from 0.05±0.03 mg/L to 39.34±1.01 mg/L. According to the Malaysian Marine Water Quality Standards, O&G concentrations in the study area were categorized into Class 3, which is directly exposed to the discharge of effluent from anthropogenic activities. Hence, ecosystems in these areas were susceptible to some degree of deterioration. This suggests a potential source of pollution that requires further investigation and remediation efforts. However, the Water Quality Index revealed that the study areas were classified into moderate, acceptable, and medium status, which were still within the acceptable limit for the conservation of marine biota. The findings underscore the need for continued research and proactive measures to minimize O&G pollution and protect ecosystems in the study area. With increased awareness of oil spills, this favorable trend is projected to endure through effective management methods and effective actions to prevent O&G pollution along the West Coast of Sabah. Oil and grease pollution have the potential to endure in the environment for extended periods, ranging from years to even decades, resulting in enduring ecological harm, and hindering the restoration of ecological systems.
Theoretical Study of the Exciplex Formation in an m-MTDATA–BPHEN OLED
Authors:   Photochemistry Center, FSRC Crystallography and Photonics, Russian Academy of Sciences, ul. Novatorov 7A-1, Moscow, 119421 Russia, Dubinets N. O. ,   National Research Nuclear University MEPhI (Moscow Engineering Physics Institute), Kashirskoye shosse 31, Moscow, 115409 Russia,   Enikolopov Institute of Synthetic Polymeric Materials, Russian Academy of Sciences, ul. Profsoyuznaya 70, Moscow, 117393 Russia, Krysko I. D. ,   National Research Nuclear University MEPhI (Moscow Engineering Physics Institute), Kashirskoye shosse 31, Moscow, 115409 Russia, Freidzon A. Ya. ,   National Research Nuclear University MEPhI (Moscow Engineering Physics Institute), Kashirskoye shosse 31, Moscow, 115409 Russia,   Weizmann Institute of Science, 234 Herzl St., PO Box 26, Rehovot, 7610001 Israel
Published: June 2024

The formation of charge-transfer (CT) exciplexes in m-MTDATA–BPhen (4,4',4''-tris[(3-methylphenyl)phenylamino]-triphenylamine)–bathophenanthroline) donor-acceptor pair is studied using density functional theory (DFT) and multireference quantum chemistry. It is shown that the lowest excited singlet S1 and one of the low-lying triplets have the CT character, while the lowest triplet is localized on the BPhen molecule, which agrees with the experimental fluorescence and phosphorescence data. A multireference treatment agrees with the DFT calculations and shows that the CT character of the exciplex states in such donor-acceptor systems is not an artifact of the functional.
Características epidemiológicas en pacientes con eventos tromboembólicos postpandemia en una institución de salud en Colombia
Authors: Estrada Gonzalez Catalina , Villacrez Mayron , Zuluaga July Andrea , Londoño Juan José , Chávez Vivas Mónica , Lucumí Moreno Armando
Published: June 2024

Introducción: Los eventos tromboembólicos desarrollan enfermedades cardiovasculares siendo estas la principal causa de muerte y discapacidad a nivel mundial. Objetivo: Caracterizar el perfil epidemiológico de personas con eventos tromboembólicos post pandemia en una institución de salud de nivel III en Colombia. Método: estudio descriptivo, retrospectivo de corte transversal, con la revisión de 509 historias clínicas de pacientes diagnosticados con eventos tromboembólicos en una Institución de salud de nivel III entre enero de 2021 y diciembre de 2022. Se realizó análisis Univariado para comparar las variables sociodemográficas y clínicas, el análisis Bivariado y regresión logística multivariada determinaron la asociación entre los factores de riesgo y las comorbilidades. Resultados: El 57% de los eventos tromboembólicos se presentaron en el sexo Masculino, siendo más prevalente entre los 62 y 83 años, la comorbilidad más frecuente fue la hipertensión arterial con un 71%. Entre los factores de riesgo para la presencia de eventos tromboembólicos se encontró que el 9 % de la población presentó SRAS-CoV-2. Los eventos tromboembólicos más significativo encontrados en este estudio fueron de tipo arterial como el accidente cerebrovascular. Conclusión: Los eventos tromboembólicos representan una carga significativa en la salud global. La presencia de SRAS-CoV-2 es un factor de riesgo para desarrollar estos eventos.  La identificación temprana de los factores de riesgo, signos y síntomas, permiten el diagnóstico y la intervención oportuna para disminuir las complicaciones y reingresos hospitalarios.
Buenas prácticas en la gestión del patrimonio cultural subacuático de Andalucía
Authors: Alzaga García Milagros , Jiménez Melero Mili , Márquez Carmona Lourdes , Martí Solano Josefa , Rodríguez Mariscal Nuria Esther , Higueras-Milena Castellano Aurora , Fernández Tudela Elisa
Published: June 2024

Andalucía, con su ubicación geográfica estratégica como puente entre continentes y océanos, ha desempeñado un papel crucial en la historia desde tiempos antiguos hasta la actualidad, convirtiéndola en un mosaico de culturas que han dejado su impronta, no sólo en su territorio sino también bajo las aguas marinas que bañan esta Comunidad Autónoma, así como en sus aguas continentales. La gestión de este patrimonio cultural subacuático en Andalucía requiere un enfoque integral que abarque desde la investigación y la conservación hasta la educación y el turismo sostenible. El establecimiento y puesta en marcha de buenas prácticas para su gestión garantizará que la información científica y la riqueza patrimonial existente estén a disposición de la sociedad a medio y largo plazo.
PEMBENTUKAN KELAS KATA VERBA PADA TEKS EKSPOSISI DALAM BUKU BUDI WALUYO: BAHASA DAN SASTRA INDONESIA KELAS VIII SMP DAN MTS
Authors: Hafzhaniyah Nur Alfi , Pertiwi Dora Hatika , Nuryani Nuryani
Published: June 2024

This study aims to determine the formation of verbs in the exposition text in the book Budi Waluyo Bahasa dan Sastra Indonesia Kelas VIII SMP dan MTS. This research was conducted with qualitative descriptive research. The data used in this study are verbs and the source of the data is in the book Budi Waluyo: Indonesian Language and Literature Class VIII SMP and MTS. The technique used in collecting data in this research is the analysis technique on the exposition text which contains a verb. The results of data analysis are presented using ordinary words. The forms found from the data source include the original verb and the derived verb. Derived verbs formed by affixation and verbs formed by reduplication. Affixes forming verbs include, meN-, meN-kan, meN-i, di-, ter- and ber-an. In addition, there are verbs related to nouns, namely active and passive verbs and verbs related to arguments, namely copulative verbs and equative verbs.
BUDAYA DAN TRADISI KERATON YOGYAKARTA DALAM ITINÉRAIRE D’UN VOYAGE À JAVA EN 1896
Authors: Mustofa Andi
Published: June 2024

Raja Chulalongkorn dari Kerajaan Siam (Thailand) berkunjung ke Keraton Yogyakarta pada tahun 1896 dalam rangka menguatkan hubungan diplomatik di antara dua kerajaan. Selama lawatan berlangsung, Raja Chulalongkorn menulis catatan perjalanan yang menarasikan budaya dan tradisi Jawa serta persepsinya sebagai penguasa Kerajaan Siam terhadap Keraton Yogyakarta. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan budaya dan tradisi Keraton Yogyakarta dari perspektif Raja Chulalongkorn. Data penelitian bersumber dari Itinéraire d’un voyage à Java en 1896. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa budaya dan tradisi yang disorot oleh Raja Chulalongkorn berkaitan erat dengan gaya berpakaian dan tradisi resepsi di lingkungan Keraton Yogyakarta. Perbedaan budaya dan tradisi yang dimiliki pada diri (self) dan liyan (other) menciptakan momentum untuk memperkuat eksistensi identitas masing-masing.
Pseudotumor Cerebri with Familial Mediterranean Fever in an Adult Patient
Authors: Yalçın Destina , Yılmaz Emine , Surmelı Reyhan , Evliyaoglu Ferhat
Published: June 2024

Familial Mediterranean fever is an autosomal recessive disease characterized by recurrent episodes of fever, peritonitis, pleuritis and arthritis. Neurological involvement in FMF is rare but serious. Headache, seizures, demyelinating lesions, stroke, posterior reversible leukoencephalopathy syndrome, aseptic meningitis and cranial neuropathy have been reported in the literature. In this paper, we present a combination of FMF and pseudotumor cerebri in an adult patient.
Salivary pH Changes and Biofilm Formation During Active Orthodontic Treatment with Clear Aligners and Fixed Appliances
Authors: Abu Ebaid Yousef Y. M. , Acar Yasemin Bahar
Published: June 2024

Objective: To examine salivary pH changes and the plaque formation in two different orthodontic treatments clinically.
Methods: The study sample included 40 patients, who were divided into two groups according to the type of orthodontic appliance: Group CA, (n=15) clear aligners; Group FT, (n=25) fixed appliances. Group FT received both metal (FT/SS) and elastic ligatures (FT/EM) for 2 weeks respectively to test the effect of ligature type also. Salivary pH values, plaque index, and plaque percentage were measured at T0 (after scaling and polishing) and T1 (after 2 weeks). pH was measured with a digital caliper (HI 2211 pH/ORP Meter) and plaque was identified by a discoloring agent (Tri Plaque ID Gel). The Paired t-test, Independent t-test, Anova test and Pearson Correlation tests were used in the statistical analysis.
Results: There was significant decrease in salivary pH values after two weeks of metal ligature in FT/SS. Plaque index and plaque percentage parameters showed significant incremental changes between groups with the least increase in CA, followed by FT/SS and FT/EM respectively.
Conclusion: Different types of orthodontic treatment and ligatures significantly effected salivary pH and the amount of plaque formation during orthodontic treatment. Aligners had the least effect on salivary pH and plaque formation while fixed treatment with elastic ligature affected the most. Therefore, aligner treatment may be more beneficial for patients with compromised oral hygiene.
The Relationship Between BMI, KIDMED Score, and Nutritional Habits of Female Adolescents: A Cross Sectional Study
Authors: Sarı-öz Sümeyye , Hızlı Güldemir Hilal
Published: June 2024

Objective: This study aims to investigate the relationship between the eating habits of adolescent girls and their KIDMED scores and BMIs.
Methods: This cross-sectional and descriptive study was conducted with the participation of 391 female adolescents studying in Istanbul. Descriptive information, the consumption frequency of some foods and dietary habits, and the Mediterranean Diet Quality Index (KIDMED) were asked through a face-to-face questionnaire.
Results: 19.4% of the adolescents were found overweight and obese, whereas 15.1% were underweight. It was determined that the BMIs of adolescents who think that they have an adequate and balanced diet and who consume salad or raw vegetables more than once a day are significantly lower (p
Evaluation of Traceability of Dietary Urine Biochemistry Changes with Commercial Urine Strips
Authors: Çebi Gizem , Caf Balım Bengisu , Kozan Esra , Derman Serap , Çelik Haluk , Tayfun Miray
Published: June 2024

Objective: This research aims to (i) examine the effects of nutrition on urine biochemistry and (ii) compare the two different measurement methods (laboratory and commercial strip). This means it is desired to bring a new direction to the literature.
Methods: The study involved 42 women aged 20-30 from Turkey and examined the urinary excretion of calcium, vitamin C (smoker and non-smoker), sodium, and magnesium based on nutritional status. The collected urine samples were applied onto commercial urine strips, and the resulting color changes were recorded by smartphone; at the same time, it was sent to the laboratory for comparative analysis. The obtained data were used in regression and correlation statistical analysis. All statistical analyzes were performed using IBM SPSS 28.0.
Results: While evaluating the regression analysis results in which the excretion due to nutrition was examined, each nutritional level was compared to the restricted intake. ANOVA sig values
The Relationship Between Premenstrual Syndrome and Dietary Habits and Nutrients Intake: Descriptive and Analytical Cross- Sectional Study
Authors: Erbil Nülüfer , Mataracı Değirmenci Duygu
Published: June 2024

Objective: This study aimed to examine the relationship between premenstrual syndrome (PMS) and nutrition in nursing students.
Methods: This is a descriptive and analytical cross-sectional study evaluating the relationship between premenstrual syndrome and nutrition in nursing students. In this descriptive and cross-sectional study, relationship between nutrient and PMS was examined by 219 nursing students using personal information form, 24-hour food consumption record and Premenstrual Syndrome Scale (PMSS). The macro and micronutrients consumed by the participants were determined through the analysis of their food consumption records in the Nutrition Information System (BEBIS) program. T test, chi-square test and Pearson correlation analysis test were used in analysis of data.
Results: It was determined that 53.4% of the students had PMS and dietary habits are important in the appearance of PMS symptoms. Breakfast and lunch consumption affected the presence of PMS, but there was no difference between the groups with and without PMS in terms of coffee, salt consumption and skipping meals. The total energy taken daily by the female students with PMS were higher, percentage of energy from protein was lower and difference was statistically significant (p
Might patients with cerebellar ataxia benefit from the Computer Assisted Rehabilitation ENvironment (CAREN)? A pilot study focusing on gait and balance
Authors: Bonanno Mirjam , De Pasquale Paolo , De Marchis Cristiano , Lombardo Facciale Antonino , Paladina Giuseppe , Fonti Bartolo , Quartarone Angelo , Calabrò Rocco Salvatore
Published: June 2024

Introduction: Ataxia is a neurological symptom that causes decreased balance, loss of coordination, and gait alterations. Innovative rehabilitation devices like virtual reality (VR) systems can provide task-oriented, repetitive and intensive training with multisensorial feedback, thus promoting neuroplastic processes. Among these VR technologies, the Computer Assisted Rehabilitation ENvironment (CAREN) associates a split belt treadmill on a 6-degrees of freedom platform with a 180° VR screen and a Vicon motion capture system to monitor patients’ movements during training sessions.

Methods: Eight patients affected by cerebellar ataxia were enrolled and received 20 sessions of CAREN training in addition to standard rehabilitation treatment. Each patient was evaluated at the beginning and at the end of the study with 3D gait analysis and clinical scales to assess balance, gait function and risk of falls.

Results: We found improvements in kinematic, kinetic, and electromyographic parameters (as per pre-post- CAREN training), as well as in clinical outcomes, such as balance and risk of falls in ataxic patients. In addition, we found that trunk rotation improved, after CAREN intervention, approximating to the normative values.

Discussion: Our results suggested that CAREN might be useful to improve specific biomechanical parameters of gait in ataxic patients.
Assessment of inflammatory suppression and fibroblast infiltration in tissue remodelling by supercritical CO2 acellular dermal matrix (scADM) utilizing Sprague Dawley models
Authors: Ngan Giang Nguyen , Le Linh Thi Thuy , Ngoc Chien Pham , Trinh Thuy-Tien Thi , Thi Nga Pham , Zhang Xin Rui , Jin Yong Xun , Zhou Shu Yi , Han Jeonghun , Nam Sun Young , Heo Chan Yeong
Published: June 2024

Human skin-derived ECM aids cell functions but can trigger immune reactions; therefore it is addressed through decellularization. Acellular dermal matrices (ADMs), known for their regenerative properties, are used in tissue and organ regeneration. ADMs now play a key role in plastic and reconstructive surgery, enhancing aesthetics and reducing capsular contracture risk. Innovative decellularization with supercritical carbon dioxide preserves ECM quality for clinical use. The study investigated the cytotoxicity, biocompatibility, and anti-inflammatory properties of supercritical CO2 acellular dermal matrix (scADM) in vivo based on Sprague Dawley rat models. Initial experiments in vitro with fibroblast cells confirmed the non-toxic nature of scADM and demonstrated cell infiltration into scADMs after incubation. Subsequent tests in vitro revealed the ability of scADM to suppress inflammation induced by lipopolysaccharides (LPS) presenting by the reduction of pro-inflammatory cytokines TNF-α, IL-6, IL-1β, and MCP-1. In the in vivo model, histological assessment of implanted scADMs in 6 months revealed a decrease in inflammatory cells, confirmed further by the biomarkers of inflammation in immunofluorescence staining. Besides, an increase in fibroblast infiltration and collagen formation was observed in histological staining, which was supported by various biomarkers of fibroblasts. Moreover, the study demonstrated vascularization and macrophage polarization, depicting increased endothelial cell formation. Alteration of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) was analyzed by RT-PCR, indicating the reduction of MMP2, MMP3, and MMP9 levels over time. Simultaneously, an increase in collagen deposition of collagen I and collagen III was observed, verified in immunofluorescent staining, RT-PCR, and western blotting. Overall, the findings suggested that scADMs offer significant benefits in improving outcomes in implant-based procedures as well as soft tissue substitution.
A novel perspective of calvarial development: the cranial morphogenesis and differentiation regulated by dura mater
Authors: Li Danya , Jiang Xuxi , Xiao Jing , Liu Chao
Published: June 2024

There are lasting concerns on calvarial development because cranium not only accommodates the growing brain, but also safeguards it from exogenous strikes. In the past decades, most studies attributed the dynamic expansion and remodeling of cranium to the proliferation of osteoprecursors in cranial primordium, and the proliferation of osteoprogenitors at the osteogenic front of cranial suture mesenchyme. Further investigations identified series genes expressed in suture mesenchymal cells as the markers of the progenitors, precursors and postnatal stem cells in cranium. However, similar to many other organs, it is suggested that the reciprocal interactions among different tissues also play essential roles in calvarial development. Actually, there are increasing evidence indicating that dura mater (DM) is indispensable for the calvarial morphogenesis and osteogenesis by secreting multiple growth factors, cytokines and extracellular matrix (ECM). Thus, in this review, we first briefly introduce the development of cranium, suture and DM, and then, comprehensively summarize the latest studies exploring the involvement of ECM in DM and cranium development. Eventually, we discussed the reciprocal interactions between calvarium and DM in calvarial development. Actually, our review provides a novel perspective for cranium development by integrating previous classical researches with a spotlight on the mutual interplay between the developing DM and cranium.
Changes in plant-soil synergistic patterns along grassland degradation gradients in northern China
Authors: Zhao Feiyan , Meng Zhongju , Ren Xiaomeng , Dang Xiaohong , Shi Shiling , Li Peng , Ding Hailong , Guo Jingjie
Published: June 2024

Inner Mongolia’s grassland is one of the most complete natural grasslands for ecological diversity and biodiversity conservation in the world. However, its degradation has seriously affected the plateau’s sustainable development and grassland restoration and reconstruction. To reveal the response of soil-plant synergistic relationship to different degrees of degradation, we selected three degrees of degradation (total coverage of vegetation:20%–30%, LD), moderate degradation (total coverage of vegetation:10%–20%, MD) and severe degradation (total coverage of vegetation:<10%, SD) on typical grasslands in Inner Mongolia (3 transects per degraded plot, three replicates per transect, a total of 27 quadrats). Correspondence between vegetation and soil under different degrees of degradation was obtained by correlation analysis. Soil physical properties influence degradation degree much more than soil depth. Among them, the most obvious total nitrogen (TN) decreased by 251.63% and 125.81% under moderate degradation (MD) and severe degradation (SD) respectively, compared with light degradation (LD). When the degree of degradation increased, the number of species reduced, and when compared to light degradation, moderate degradation and severe degradation decreased by 52.38% and 66.67%, respectively. The declining trend in the number of species was also indicated by Simpson, Margalef, and Shannon-Winener in addition to the Pielou index. The synergy between plant diversity index and soil organic matter (SOM), available potassium (AK) and bacteria was relatively strong.
Balancing ethical norms and duties for the introduction of new medicines through conditional marketing authorization: a research agenda
Authors: Maksimova Mariia V. , van Thiel Ghislaine J. M. W. , Tromp Yke , Lechner Rosan , van Delden Johannes J. M. , Bloem Lourens T.
Published: June 2024

The European Medicines Agency’s conditional marketing authorization (CMA) aims to expedite patient access to medicines for unmet medical needs by shifting a part of the drug development process post-authorization. We highlight ethical issues surrounding CMA, comprising (i) the complexity of defining unmet medical need; (ii) poor understanding of CMA and its impact on informed consent; (iii) hope versus unrealistic optimism; (iv) implications of prolonged post-authorization studies and potential patient harm; (v) rights and duties of patients surrounding participation in post-authorization studies; (vi) access to previously authorized CMA medicines; and (vii) the “benefit slippage” phenomenon, defined as the gradual shift of strict criteria to less strict criteria. We propose a comprehensive research agenda to address these ethical issues, and stress the need for multi-stakeholder engagement to ensure patient-centered use of CMA.
Reduced-Order Modeling of Steady and Unsteady Flows with Deep Neural Networks
Authors: Barraza Bryan , Gross Andreas
Published: June 2024

Large-eddy and direct numerical simulations generate vast data sets that are challenging to interpret, even for simple geometries at low Reynolds numbers. This has increased the importance of automatic methods for extracting significant features to understand physical phenomena. Traditional techniques like the proper orthogonal decomposition (POD) have been widely used for this purpose. However, recent advancements in computational power have allowed for the development of data-driven modal reduction approaches. This paper discusses four applications of deep neural networks for aerodynamic applications, including a convolutional neural network autoencoder, to analyze unsteady flow fields around a circular cylinder at Re = 100 and a supersonic boundary layer with Tollmien–Schlichting waves. The autoencoder results are comparable to those obtained with POD and spectral POD. Additionally, it is demonstrated that the autoencoder can compress steady hypersonic boundary-layer profiles into a low-dimensional vector space that is spanned by the pressure gradient and wall-temperature ratio. This paper also proposes a convolutional neural network model to estimate velocity and temperature profiles across different hypersonic flow conditions.
A Flexible Topology Control Strategy for Mega-Constellations via Inter-Satellite Links Based on Dynamic Link Optimization
Authors: Li Yueyi , Wu Junfeng , Kang Guohua , Chen Luyu , Qiu Yuhuan , Zhou Wenwen
Published: June 2024

In large-scale satellite constellations, the efficiency of inter-satellite communication is paramount. Traditional topology control strategies, such as the Manhattan configuration, provide stable links but can result in indirect communication paths, affecting the efficiency of information transfer. This paper addresses this issue by proposing an innovative “3 + 1” dynamic topology control scheme. The scheme retains three static links determined by the relative angular velocity and acceleration while introducing a dynamic link based on distance and angular velocity constraints to optimize the link duration and overall network communication efficiency. To address the complexity of matching dynamic links, this paper introduces an elite strategy-based maximum weighted matching algorithm for general graphs. Compared to traditional greedy algorithms, our proposed algorithm significantly improves the link duration and topological stability. Through simulation experiments comparing communication delays between Xiamen and Los Angeles, our results show that the proposed dynamic link scheme substantially reduces the average delay, enhancing the efficiency and flexibility of inter-satellite communication. This research not only extends the duration of inter-satellite links but also provides new perspectives and methodologies for further studies on inter-satellite topology control strategies.
Enhanced Dendrite Resistance in Reversible Electrochemical Pneumatic Batteries with Nanoimprinted Nanowire Anodes for Jamming Robots
Authors: Ge Junyu , Zhao Yuchen , Wang Yifan , Li Hong
Published: June 2024

Traditional electric robots often rely on heavy gear units or expensive force–torque sensors, whereas pneumatic robots offer a cost-effective and simple alternative. However, their dependence on noisy and bulky pneumatic systems, such as compressed air technology, limits their portability and adaptability. To overcome these challenges, we have developed a reversible electrochemical pneumatic battery (REPB) that is compact, noise-free, energy-efficient, and portable. This innovative REPB, principled by the electrochemical redox reactions of zinc–air batteries, can simultaneously supply both electric and pneumatic power, either positive or negative pressure. Its modular, multi-stack structure allows for the easy customization of power output and capacity to suit various applications. We demonstrate the utility of REPB through its application in jamming robots, such as a novel soft yet robust gripper that merges the strengths of hard and soft grippers, enabling universal robotic gripping. This work presents a groundbreaking approach to powering devices that require pneumatic support.
Exploring the Potentials of Wearable Technologies in Managing Vestibular Hypofunction
Authors: Mohammed Ameer , Li Shutong , Liu Xiao
Published: June 2024

The vestibular system is dedicated to gaze stabilization, postural balance, and spatial orientation; this makes vestibular function crucial for our ability to interact effectively with our environment. Vestibular hypofunction (VH) progresses over time, and it presents differently in its early and advanced stages. In the initial stages of VH, the effects of VH are mitigated using vestibular rehabilitation therapy (VRT), which can be facilitated with the aid of technology. At more advanced stages of VH, novel techniques that use wearable technologies for sensory augmentation and sensory substitution have been applied to manage VH. Despite this, the potential of assistive technologies for VH management remains underexplored over the past decades. Hence, in this review article, we present the state-of-the-art technologies for facilitating early-stage VRT and for managing advanced-stage VH. Also, challenges and strategies on how these technologies can be improved to enable long-term ambulatory and home use are presented.
RNA Sequencing Reveals Candidate Genes and Pathways Associated with Resistance to MDM2 Antagonist Idasanutlin in TP53 Wild-Type Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia
Authors: Aptullahoglu Erhan , Nakjang Sirintra , Wallis Jonathan P. , Marr Helen , Marshall Scott , Willmore Elaine , Lunec John
Published: June 2024

Chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) is a genetically and clinically diverse hematological cancer affecting middle-aged and elderly individuals. Novel targeted therapy options are needed for patients who relapse following initial responses or who are intrinsically resistant to current treatments. There is a growing body of investigation currently underway on MDM2 inhibitors in clinical trials, reflecting the increasing interest in including these drugs in cancer treatment regimens. One of the developed compounds, idasanutlin (RG7388), has shown promise in early-stage clinical trials. It is a second-generation MDM2–p53-binding antagonist with enhanced potency, selectivity, and bioavailability. In addition to the TP53 status, which is an important determinant of the response, we have shown in our previous studies that the SF3B1 mutational status is also an independent predictive biomarker of the ex vivo CLL patient sample treatment response to RG7388. The objective of this study was to identify novel biomarkers associated with resistance to RG7388. Gene set enrichment analysis of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between RG7388-sensitive and -resistant CLL samples showed that the increased p53 activity led to upregulation of pro-apoptosis pathway genes while DNA damage response pathway genes were additionally upregulated in resistant samples. Furthermore, differential expression of certain genes was detected, which could serve as the backbone for novel combination treatment approaches. This research provides preclinical data to guide the exploration of drug combination strategies with MDM2 inhibitors, leading to future clinical trials and associated biomarkers that may improve outcomes for CLL patients.
Brain–Bone Crosstalk in a Murine Polytrauma Model Promotes Bone Remodeling but Impairs Neuromotor Recovery and Anxiety-Related Behavior
Authors: Ritter Katharina , Baalmann Markus , Dolderer Christopher , Ritz Ulrike , Schäfer Michael K. E.
Published: June 2024

Traumatic brain injury (TBI) and long bone fractures are a common injury pattern in polytrauma patients and modulate each other’s healing process. As only a limited number of studies have investigated both traumatic sites, we tested the hypothesis that brain–bone polytrauma mutually impacts neuro- and osteopathological outcomes. Adult female C57BL/6N mice were subjected to controlled cortical impact (CCI), and/or osteosynthetic stabilized femoral fracture (FF), or sham surgery. Neuromotor and behavioral impairments were assessed by neurological severity score, open field test, rotarod test, and elevated plus maze test. Brain and bone tissues were processed 42 days after trauma. CCI+FF polytrauma mice had increased bone formation as compared to FF mice and increased mRNA expression of bone sialoprotein (BSP). Bone fractures did not aggravate neuropathology or neuroinflammation assessed by cerebral lesion size, hippocampal integrity, astrocyte and microglia activation, and gene expression. Behavioral assessments demonstrated an overall impaired recovery of neuromotor function and persistent abnormalities in anxiety-related behavior in polytrauma mice. This study shows enhanced bone healing, impaired neuromotor recovery and anxiety-like behavior in a brain–bone polytrauma model. However, bone fractures did not aggravate TBI-evoked neuropathology, suggesting the existence of outcome-relevant mechanisms independent of the extent of brain structural damage and neuroinflammation.
Seroprevalence and Association of Toxoplasma gondii with Bone Health in a Cohort of Osteopenia and Osteoporosis Patients
Authors: Karunakaran Indulekha , Surendar Jayagopi , Ransmann Pia , Brühl Marius , Kowalski Silvia , Frische Victoria , Hmida Jamil , Nachtsheim Sabine , Hoerauf Achim , Wirtz Dieter C. , Hübner Marc P. , Strauss Andreas C. , Schildberg Frank A.
Published: June 2024

Considering the fact that Toxoplasma is a common parasite of humans and Toxoplasma bradyzoites can reside in skeletal muscle, T. gondii-mediated immune responses may modulate the progression and pathophysiology of another musculoskeletal disorder, osteoporosis. In the current study, we investigated the association of bone health and Toxoplasma gondii infection status. A total of 138 patients living in Germany with either osteopenia or osteoporosis were included in the study, and they were categorized into two groups, T. gondii uninfected (n = 74) and infected (n = 64), based on the presence of T. gondii-specific IgG antibodies. The demographic and clinical details of the study subjects were collected from the medical records. Logistic regression analysis was performed to delineate the association of bone health parameters with the infection status. The prevalence of toxoplasmosis was 46.4% in the study participants. The infected individuals with osteopenia and osteoporosis showed higher levels of mean spine and femoral T score, Z score, and bone mineral density (BMD), indicating improved bone health compared to the uninfected group. Logistic regression analysis showed that subjects with T. gondii infection displayed increased odds of having a higher mean femur T score, femur BMD, and femur Z score even after adjusting for age, creatinine, and urea levels. However, when the duration of drug intake for osteoporosis was taken into account, the association lost statistical significance. In summary, in this study, an improvement in osteopenia and osteoporosis was observed in Toxoplasma-infected patients, which may be partly due to the longer duration of drug intake for osteoporosis in the infected patient group.
Trend Conformity Behavior of Luxury Fashion Products for Chinese Consumers in the Social Media Age: Drivers and Underlying Mechanisms
Authors: Chen Ye , Zhuang Jingyi
Published: June 2024

When a bandwagon consumption trend of luxury fashion products appears, potential consumers tend to conform to the trend. The conformity behavior is enhanced by social media because it makes bandwagon trends more visible. However, no research has explored the drivers of fashion trend conformity in the social media age and the underlying mechanisms. Our empirical research demonstrates that fashion trend conformity is a socially directed type of behavior driven by trend perception and reference group pressure, which represent the informational and normative social influence stimuli, respectively. In addition to the direct impact, we also examine the mediating roles of demand amplification and the urge to buy impulsively (UBI). Demand amplification and UBI, respectively, reflect the rational cognitive reaction and irrational emotional reaction to stimuli of fashion bandwagon consumption. However, our results show that only the cognitive reaction path works, but the emotional reaction path does not. Put simply, trend conformity behavior is largely the result of consumers’ rational reactions rather than irrational reactions to the social influence stimuli of bandwagon consumption. Our study contributes to the research on luxury fashion consumption by introducing three new concepts, i.e., fashion trend conformity, trend perception, and demand amplification, to describe and theorize the characteristics of consumer behavioral patterns for luxury fashion products and new drivers and novel underlying mechanisms of consumer behaviors in the social media age. Our findings offer practical insights for retailers and manufacturers to promote fashion trend conformity behavior.
Multichannel Sensor for Detection of Molybdenum Ions Based on Nitrogen-Doped Carbon Quantum Dot Ensembles
Authors: Cruz Antônio A. C. , Souza Natália D. G. , de Souza João P. B. , Carneiro Samuel V. , Clemente Claudenilson S. , Sousa Jeanlex S. , Fechine Lillian M. U. D. , Michea Sebastián , Fechine Pierre B. A. , Freire Rafael M.
Published: June 2024

Trace elements such as cobalt (Co), molybdenum (Mo), and zinc (Zn) play necessary roles in different biological functions. Co is a microelement that influences the vascular system. Mo works as an enzymatic cofactor of three enzymes (aldehyde oxidase, sulfite oxidase, and xanthine oxidase dehydrogenase). However, these elements are difficult to detect, since the analytical methods developed have a high cost, which restrict their applicability. In this sense, fluorescent sensors are an alternative for detecting trace elements, such as Mo4+ ions. Herein, a new multichannel trace elements sensor has been proposed to detect Mo entities. In this sense, two different N-CQDs were synthesized and fully characterized. The N-CQDs presented quantum yield values of 25.93% and 6.02% and excellent solubility in water. Also, a mixture of these two carbon-based nanoparticles was used to identify and to quantify Mo in water between seven different trace elements. The method was found to reach 1.28 and 3.88 ppm for limit of detection (LOD) and quantification (LOQ), respectively. To further verify the potential of the detection platform, the multichannel sensor was applied to identify the different concentrations of metal ions (Fe2+, Co2+, Mn2+, Cu2+, Zn2+, Mg2+, and Mo4+) in water. The data matrix was treated using different algorithms, such as K-Means and Discriminant Analysis (DA). The detection strategy has successfully identified the molybdenum ions at 5 ppm. This result shows the potential application of a multichannel sensor toward the detection of Mo entities, since it is comparable with the molybdenum test already available on the market.
Amenable Mortality in Children under 5: An Indicator for Identifying Inequalities in Healthcare Delivery: A Review
Authors: Navarro-Jimenez Eduardo , Saturno-Hernández Pedro , Jaramillo-Mejía Marta , Clemente-Suárez Vicente Javier
Published: June 2024

Universal health coverage has been proposed as a strategy to improve health in low- and middle-income countries, but this depends on a good provision of health services. Under-5 mortality (U5M) reflects the quality of health services, and its reduction has been a milestone in modern society, reducing global mortality rates by more than two-thirds between 1990 and 2020. However, despite these impressive achievements, they are still insufficient, and most deaths in children under 5 can be prevented with the provision of timely and high-quality health services. The aim of this paper is to conduct a literature review on amenable (treatable) mortality in children under 5. This indicator is based on the concept that deaths from certain causes should not occur in the presence of timely and effective medical care. A systematic and exhaustive review of available literature on amenable mortality in children under 5 was conducted using MEDLINE/PubMed, Cochrane CENTRAL, OVID medline, Scielo, Epistemonikos, ScienceDirect, and Google Scholar in both English and Spanish. Both primary sources, such as scientific articles, and secondary sources, such as bibliographic indices, websites, and databases, were used. Results: The main cause of amenable mortality in children under 5 was respiratory disease, and the highest proportion of deaths occurred in the perinatal period. Approximately 65% of avoidable deaths in children under 5 were due to amenable mortality, that is, due to insufficient quality in the provision of health services. Most deaths in all countries and around the world are preventable, primarily through effective and timely access to healthcare (amenable mortality) and the management of public health programs focused on mothers and children (preventable mortality).
The Evolving Role of Calcium Channel Blockers in Hypertension Management: Pharmacological and Clinical Considerations
Authors: Jones Kamryn E. , Hayden Shaun L. , Meyer Hannah R. , Sandoz Jillian L. , Arata William H. , Dufrene Kylie , Ballaera Corrado , Lopez Torres Yair , Griffin Patricia , Kaye Adam M. , Shekoohi Sahar , Kaye Alan D.
Published: June 2024

Worldwide, hypertension is the leading risk factor for cardiovascular disease and death. An estimated 122 million people, per the American Heart Association in 2023, have been diagnosed with this common condition. It is generally agreed that the primary goal in the treatment of hypertension is to reduce overall blood pressure to below 140/90 mmHg, with a more optimal goal of 130/80 mmHg. Common medications for treating hypertension include calcium channel blockers (CCBs), angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors, angiotensin receptor blockers, beta-blockers, and diuretics. CCBs are one of the most widely studied agents and are generally recommended as first-line therapy alone and in combination therapies. This is largely based on the vast knowledge of CCB mechanisms and their minimal side effect profile. CCBs can be separated into two classes: dihydropyridine and non-dihydropyridine. Non-dihydropyridine CCBs act on voltage-dependent L-type calcium channels of cardiac and smooth muscle to decrease muscle contractility. Dihydropyridine CCBs act by vasodilating the peripheral vasculature. For many patients with only mild increases in systolic and diastolic blood pressure (e.g., stage 1 hypertension), the medical literature indicates that CCB monotherapy can be sufficient to control hypertension. In this regard, CCB monotherapy in those with stage 1 hypertension reduced renal and cardiovascular complications compared to other drug classes. Combination therapy with CCBs and angiotensin receptor blockers or angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors has been shown to be an effective dual therapy based on recent meta-analyses. This article is a review of calcium channel blockers and their use in treating hypertension with some updated and recent information on studies that have re-examined their use. As for new information, we tried to include some information from recent studies on hypertensive treatment involving calcium channel blockers.
Effect of SNPs on Litter Size in Swine
Authors: Guo Zhenhua , Lv Lei , Liu Di , Ma Hong , Radović Čedomir
Published: June 2024

Although sows do not directly enter the market, they play an important role in piglet breeding on farms. They consume large amounts of feed, resulting in a significant environmental burden. Pig farms can increase their income and reduce environmental pollution by increasing the litter size (LS) of swine. PCR-RFLP/SSCP and GWAS are common methods to evaluate single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in candidate genes. We conducted a systematic meta-analysis of the effect of SNPs on pig LS. We collected and analysed data published over the past 30 years using traditional and network meta-analyses. Trial sequential analysis (TSA) was used to analyse population data. Gene set enrichment analysis and protein–protein interaction network analysis were used to analyse the GWAS dataset. The results showed that the candidate genes were positively correlated with LS, and defects in PCR-RFLP/SSCP affected the reliability of candidate gene results. However, the genotypes with high and low LSs did not have a significant advantage. Current breeding and management practices for sows should consider increasing the LS while reducing lactation length and minimizing the sows’ non-pregnancy period as much as possible.
Climate Change and Human Health in the Arctic: A Review
Authors: Grigorieva Elena A.
Published: June 2024

Over recent decades, the Arctic has begun facing a range of climate-related challenges, from rising temperatures to melting ice caps and permafrost thaw, with significant implications for ecosystems and human well-being. Addressing the health impacts of these issues requires a comprehensive approach, integrating scientific research, community engagement, and policy interventions. This study conducts a literature review to assess the effects of climate change on human health in northern latitudes and to compile adaptation strategies from the Arctic countries. A literature search was performed between January and April 2024 for papers published after 2000, using the electronic databases Web of Science, Pubmed, Science Direct, Scopus, Google Scholar, and eLibrary.RU, with specific questions formulated to direct the search: (i) What are the climate changes? (ii) How does climate change affect human health? (iii) What adaptation measures and policies are required? The key phrases “climate change”, “human health”, “adaptation practices”, and “Arctic” were employed for searching. Ultimately, 56 relevant studies were identified, reviewing health risks such as infectious diseases, mental health issues, and diseases connected with extreme weather events; wildfires and their associated pollution; permafrost degradation; pure water; and food quality. The paper also examines mitigation and adaptation strategies at all levels of governance, emphasizing the need for international cooperation and policy action to combat negative health outcomes, investments in healthcare infrastructure, emergency preparedness, and public health education. Incorporating diverse perspectives, including Indigenous knowledge, Community-Based Adaptation, EcoHealth and One Health approaches, is crucial for effectively addressing the health risks associated with climate change. In conclusion, the paper proposes adaptation strategies to mitigate the health impacts of climate change in the Arctic.
Use of Electropolishing in Orthodontic Appliances: An Option to Reduce the Risk of Metal Hypersensitivity
Authors: Lara-Carrillo Edith , Velázquez-Enríquez Ulises , Ramírez-García Brenda Andrea , Lara-Fonseca María Fernanda , Morales-Luckie Raúl A. , Santillán-Reyes Ana Miriam , Toral-Rizo Victor Hugo , Salmerón-Valdés Elias Nahúm , Morales-Valenzuela Adriana Alejandra
Published: June 2024

Electropolishing is a common treatment in the industry; however, how it behaves in the mouth and what benefits it can bring over metal dental attachments have not yet been established. Thus, the aim of this study was to determine the levels of corrosion, the released metal ions, and the changes in structural composition in metallic orthodontic appliances following electropolishing treatment. This study included 56 orthodontic brackets and 28 archwires. The samples were subjected to a pH cycle to simulate an oral environment. Using UV–Vis spectrophotometry, the release of metallic particles was evaluated, and using scanning electron microscopy, the structural and composition changes were evaluated. Groups were compared using Student’s t-tests with a value of p ≤ 0.05. The cyclical pH solutions showed variations between groups and days (1, 3, 5, 7 and 15), reaching the highest acidification in the self-ligating brackets; the absorbance between solutions did not differ significantly. As seen from the SEM results, the experimental group showed minor irregularities compared with the control groups. The experimental brackets decreased in iron and increased in chromium after electropolishing, while for the NiTi archwires, they decreased in nickel. Therefore, electropolishing treatments in metallic orthodontic attachments improve their surface structure and corrosion resistance could reduce the risk of metal hypersensitivity, mainly from nickel.