bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Efeitos das terapias na menopausa: uma revisão narrativa da literatura
Authors: Manica Jucelia , Bellaver Emyr Hiago , Zancanaro Vilmair
Published: January 2019

Introdução: A menopausa é um evento que determina o final do período fértil da mulher, com efeitos, sobretudo, no bem-estar pode em alguns casos ser necessário a intervenção de terapias medicamentosas ou medidas alternativas. Objetivo: Consiste em uma revisão de informações relativas ao tratamento dos sintomas da menopausa, avaliando as terapias realizadas em mulheres. Método: Busca de informações em periódicos indexados nas principais bases científicas on-line, incluindo apenas estudos realizados nos anos de 2012 a 2017. Resultados: Atualmente, há terapias medicamentosas e alternativas, que têm sido eficazes para o tratamento nesta fase, sendo que, para a primeira, o Ministério da Saúde orienta que a dose administrada da terapia de reposição hormonal (TRH) deve ser a mínima eficaz para melhorar os sintomas indesejáveis, devendo ser interrompida assim que os benefícios tenham sido alcançados. Estima-se, ainda, que novas moléculas com efeitos máximos e riscos mínimos sejam descobertas e incluídas na TRH com uma avaliação dos seus reais riscos para o câncer de mama, tromboembolismo ou eventos cardiovasculares. É possível avaliar que existem vários métodos de tratamento. Conclusão: A decisão de adotar ou não uma terapia deve ser debatida entre médico e paciente individualmente, ressaltando as consequências da redução estrogênica climatérica, os efeitos colaterais e contraindicações dessas terapias, a fim de estabelecer seu custo benefício.
Internações por dorsopatias na população adulta no estado do Rio Grande do Sul de 2008 a 2016
Authors: Rodrigues Thayse Carolina Carvalho , Dias da Costa Juvenal Soares
Published: January 2019

Introdução: Dorsopatia é o termo utilizado para descrever disfunções da coluna vertebral. Em função da possibilidade de aumento da ocorrência de dorsopatias e da ausência de estudos sobre seus custos. Objetivos: descrever a tendência das internações por dorsopatias na população acima de 20 anos e seus custos financeiros no estado do Rio Grande do Sul de 2008-2016. Métodos: realizou-se análise de série histórica. Os dados foram coletados da base de dados DATASUS, e as informações populacionais obtidas por meio do Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística. Elaboraram-se coeficientes de internações por dorsopatias em cada ano por local de residência e seus custos. Padronizaram-se os coeficientes pelo método direto. Realizou-se análise de tendência pela Binomial Negativa. Resultados: identificaram-se 11.656 internações por dorsopatias, em que o maior coeficiente se observou em 2008. Na análise, a tendência manteve-se estável. No período, os maiores coeficientes de internação ocorreram no sexo feminino, em cinco anos estudados. Nos cinco anos estudados, encontrou-se predomínio e maior custo de internações hospitalares na faixa etária de 40 a 59 anos. O tempo médio de permanência hospitalar foi de 6,8 dias, a maior média observada foi na população acima de 60 anos. O custo médio das internações foi de R$ 2.128.400,00. Conclusão: as dorsopatias apresentaram baixa frequência de internações, porém geraram custos ao sistema de saúde. O investimento em tratamentos conservadores pode contribuir para evitar superlotação em hospitais e alto custo ao Estado. Logo, deve-se investir em programas de promoção, prevenção e reabilitação.
OFICINAS “RACISMO E EDUCAÇÃO”: EXPERIÊNCIAS DE ATUAÇÃO DE UMA PESQUISA-AÇÃO NA APLICAÇÃO DA LEI 10.639/03
Authors: Santos Renato Emerson dos , Corrêa Gabriel Siqueira , Santos Ronald Coutinho
Published: January 2019

A Lei 10.639/2003, conquista do Movimento Negro Brasileiro na  luta contra o racismo, traz desafios ao mundo da educação. A sua implementação nos diferentes ambientes (escolares, universitários, burocráticos, etc.) enfrenta resistências (sobretudo, calcadas no chamado “mito da democracia racial”) e constitui pactos entre aqueles que se propõem a tratar as temáticas da Lei. Reflete-se aqui sobre uma experiência, as oficinas “Racismo e Educação”. Realizadas pelo NEGRAM (Núcleo de Pesquisa e Estudos em Geografia, Relações Raciais e Movimentos Sociais) da FFP/UERJ entre 2009 e 2013, foram 41 atividades em escolas, eventos e na universidade, discutindo temas como racismo (na sociedade e no ambiente escolar em específico), o papel da escola na superação do racismo, entre outros. São debatidas as reações dos públicos (estudantes de escola, de universidade, professorado), a relação com as escolas, e os pactos e disputas políticas em torno do currículo que tais reações e relações evidenciam.
A GEOGRAFIA DO LUGAR EM UMA LINGUAGEM DO COTIDIANO
Authors: Silva Eunice Isaías da
Published: January 2019

O presente texto discute a ampla possibilidade da linguagem de quadrinhos, especialmente para o ensino-aprendizagem de conteúdos de Geografia. A partir de uma análise conceitual, aborda o seu potencial didático-pedagógico avaliado em quadrinhos selecionados e indicados para mediar ao estudo de lugar geográfico. A relevância dessa produção cultural é principalmente pela sua popularidade e fácil acessibilidade, além de permitir múltiplas interpretações e diálogos pela sutileza, ironia, perspicácia, crítica etc. associada à imagem, texto e subtexto.
O DIÁLOGO ENTRE AS DIRETRIZES DA EXTENSÃO UNIVERSITÁRIA E AÇÕES EXTENSIONISTAS NA ÁREA DE EDUCAÇÃO DE JOVENS E ADULTOS
Authors: Moura Ana Paula Abreu
Published: January 2019

Este artigo se constitui como uma produção reflexiva sobre a importância do papel desempenhado pela Extensão Universitária no processo de formação inicial de graduandos da Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro. Nele, buscamos construir um diálogo entre as Diretrizes da Extensão Universitária – Interdisciplinaridade e Interprofissionalidade; Indissociabilidade Ensino-Pesquisa-Extensão; Interação Dialógica; Impacto na Formação do Estudante; e Impacto e Transformação Social –, formuladas pelo Fórum de Pró-Reitores de Extensão das Instituições Públicas de Educação Superior Brasileiras (2012), e as experiências vividas nos espaços da Extensão Universitária. O artigo tem como objetivo problematizar três situações, sistematizadas a partir da fala de estudantes de graduação e do desenvolvimento de ações extensionistas.
SLAP lesions: current controversies
Authors: Familiari Filippo , Huri Gazi , Simonetta Roberto , McFarland Edward G.
Published: January 2019

Knowledge of the pertinent anatomy, pathogenesis, clinical presentation and treatment of the spectrum of injuries involving the superior glenoid labrum and biceps origin is required in treating the patient with a superior labrum anterior and posterior (SLAP) tear. Despite the plethora of literature regarding SLAP lesions, their clinical diagnosis remains challenging for a number of reasons. First, the diagnostic value of many of the available physical examination tests is inconsistent and ambiguous. Second, SLAP lesions most commonly occur concomitantly with other shoulder injuries. Third, SLAP lesions have no specific associated pain pattern. Outcomes following surgical treatment of SLAP tears vary depending on the method of treatment, associated pathology and patient characteristics. Biceps tenodesis has been receiving increasing attention as a possible treatment for SLAP tears.

Cite this article: EFORT Open Rev 2019;4:25-32. DOI: 10.1302/2058-5241.4.180033.
Barriers and Motivators for Tractor ROPS Retrofitting in Iowa
Authors: Schwab Charles V. , Arbuckle J. Gordon , Hanna H. Mark
Published: February 2019

Abstract.

Iowa State University Extension and Outreach conducted an assessment of Iowa farm operators’ perceptions of the barriers and motivators when considering retrofitting tractors with rollover protective structures (ROPS). A statewide sample of approximately 2,000 farm operators was surveyed in the 2017 Iowa Farm and Rural Life Poll. A series of questions was asked to evaluate the importance of potential barriers to decisions to not retrofit a tractor and potential motivators that could influence the decision to retrofit or purchase a tractor with ROPS. The survey received a 48% response rate (999 responses). Among the 76% of Iowa farm operators who reported at least one pre-1985 tractor, only 18.6% reported that all of those tractors had ROPS. The remaining 81.4% had at least one tractor that did not have ROPS. Iowa farm operators’ perceptions of the barriers and motivators when considering retrofitting tractors with ROPS are shared. The results of Iowa farm operators’ perceptions will be used as Iowa State University Extension and Outreach prepares to align efforts with the National Tractor Safety Coalition and participate in the National ROPS Rebate Program, with the goal of reducing tractor fatalities. Keywords: Agricultural fatalities, Farm safety, Farmer-attitudes, Retrofit, Rollover protective structures, Safety, Tractor overturns, Tractor safety.
Schiff Base Metal Complexes as Anticancer Agents
Authors: Sridevi G. , Antony S. Arul , Angayarkani R.
Published: February 2019

Cutting-edge practices in bioinorganic chemistry are pivotal for enhancing the layout of compounds to lessen poisonous facet effect and recognize their mechanism of action. A powerful anticancer agent should own inherent, inhibitory property and also delivery, dosage and residence time in vivo. Organic function and conformation of mutated gene may be altered by way of binding of metal ions. Upswing of activities counting on the structural data, intending in enhancing and growing different forms of metal based compounds, continuous seek of extra metal based compounds have been synthesized via revamping the prevailing chemical shape via ligand substitution. The prevailing paper addresses the trendy development in the design of novel antitumor agents primarily based on transition metal complex via highlighting the near dating among their structural alternatives and cytotoxic ability.
Notes from the Editors, February 2019
Authors: The Editors -
Published: February 2019

buy this issue

Climatologist James Hansen's 2018 "Climate Change in a Nutshell: The Gathering Storm," known as the Nutshell document, is the single most important analysis currently available for general readers seeking to stay abreast of the science and politics of global warming. Nevertheless, denial of the extent of the conflict between capitalism and the climate remains pervasive. Such views were subjected to a strong refutation by Enno Schröder and Servaas Storm in a November 2018 paper entitled "Economic Growth and Carbon Emissions: The Road to 'Hothouse Earth' Is Paved With Good Intentions."
COMPARATIVE STUDY OF ROTATIONAL STABILITY PARAMETERS OF TRANSPEDICULAR SPINAL FUSION IN EXPERIMENT
Authors: Afaunov Asker Alievich , Usikov Vladimir Dmitryevich , Afaunov Ali Ibragimovich , Dunaev Igor Mikhailovich , Gavryushenko Nikolay Sveridovich , Mishagin Aleksey Viktorovich , Takhmazyan Karapet Karapetovich
Published: January 2019

Objectives. To estimate macroscopically the strength, rigidity and limit of elasticity in the “spinal segments – transpedicular fixator” system. versus similar characteristics of the intact spine under dislocating rotational loads. Material and Methods. Еxperiments with anatomic specimens of Th12–L2 segments were performed. Unstable damages of L1 and transpedicular fixation with 4 screw transpedicular spinal system were imitated. All specimens were exposed to the testing rotational load in universal test machine Zwick 1464. Results. It is established that under rotational load general strength of the injured Th12–L1–L2 spinal segments fused with transpedicular fixator is 20 % lower than that in a corresponding intact spine segment. Rigidity parameters of fused segments are 17.5 % lower than those of intact segments. Destabilization of «spinal segments – transpedicular fixator» system under rotational loads is caused by the compression of a bone substance in Th12 and L2 bodies with screws and a turn of screws around longitudinal rods due to a rod slip in anchoring elements. Conclusion. The performed study may serve a basis for following data analysis from a viewpoint of metal resistance and for development of optimal rehabilitation loads to the injured spine during postoperative period.
RADIOGRAPHIC ANALYSIS OF DE NOVO SCOLIOSIS
Authors: Ozerdemoglu Remzi Arif , Aydinli Ufuk , Ozturk Cagatay , Ersozlu Salim , Serifoglu Rasim
Published: January 2019

Objectives. To analyze the degenerative process in the lumbar spine in patients with and without scoliosis, in order to determine potential risk factors, which may be related to the development of de novo scoliosis. Material and Methods. In 121 adults (≥50 years), analyzed radiological parameters included: listhesis, wedging, and height of each lumbar vertebra, wedging and height of each disc, length of vertebral spurs, lumbar lordosis, lumbosacral, lumbo (L5) horizontal and sacro-horizontal angles, pelvic tilt on A-P X-ray, depth of L5 from the intercrest line, also – if present – pattern of curve, and level prsenting with the most obvious degenerative changes (MODC). Uni- and multi-variate statistical tests were used for analysis. Results. Degenerative changes were most obvious in the middle lumbar region. MODC at the L2 vertebra/L2–L3 disc and L4 vertebra/L4–L5 disc levels were more frequent in cases with scoliosis (p = 0.013; p = 0.022, respectively). Upon multivariate analysis the presence of scoliosis was closely related to the presence of lateral listhesis of L3, wedging of L3–L4disc, or pelvic tilt (p = 0.000; p = 0.000; p = 0.001, respectively). Cases with MODC at the L3–L4 disc level, or a more cranial apex of curve had a higher degree of scoliosis (p = 0.009; p = 0.017, respectively). Whereas, MODC at the L5–S1 level coexist with a low degree or no scoliosis (p = 0.009). Degenerative changes in the middle lumbar region, and pathologic conditions in the hip or lower extremities resulting in pelvic tilt, are frequent findings in cases with de novo scoliosis. Likewise, asymmetric degenerative changes at the L3–L4 disc level, and a more cranial apex of curve, were associated with an increased scoliotic curve. However, degenerative changes at the L5 vertebra/L5–S1 disc level carries lower risk in producing scoliosis. Conclusion. Degenerative changes in the lumbar spine are more intensive in its upper and middle parts, particularly at the level of L3 vertebral body and L3–L4 disc.
SPINE DEFORMITIES IN NEUROFIBROMATOSIS: REVIEW OF THE LITERATURE
Authors: Mikhailovsky Mikhail Vitalyevich
Published: January 2019

Recent literature review includes general statements on the origin, prevalence and conventional criteria for neurofibromatosis diagnosis. Peculiarities of spine, single vertebra, and rib deformities developing in neurofibromatosis are described in detail. Special attention is given to such complications of pathological process as vertebra dislocations and neurological disorders. Pathological changes in the cervical spine often associated with neurofibromatosis are described in detail. The review presents a large body of literature data on conservative and surgical treatment techniques of scoliosis and kyphoscoliosis, and on their efficacy.
TREATMENT OF SPONDYLOLISTHESIS WITH A DEVICE FOR EXTERNAL TRANSPEDICULAR SPINAL FIXATION
Authors: Shevtsov Vladimir Ivanovich , Khudyaev Aleksandr Timofeyevich , Lyulin Sergey Vladimirovich , Rossik Oleg Sergeyevich
Published: January 2019

Objectives. To analyze issues of surgical treatment of complicated spondylolisthesis in the lumbar spine. Materials and Methods. Forty-five patients at the age of 14 to 62 years were operated on with a device for external transpedicular fixation. All patients underwent clinical, radiological and physiologic examinations. To characterize the degree of spondylolisthesis the Meyerding classification was used. Grade I and II dislocations were treated by laminectomy of a displaced vertebra, excision of scars and mobilization of a dural sack, discectomy at a pathologic level involving both end plates of the adjacent vertebral bodies, impacting of 2 autografts (of the bone excised during laminectomy) into a disc space, and placement of a device for external transpedicular fixation. For Grade III and IV the second stage was performed after instrumentation and maximum possible reduction of dislocation. The procedure included anterior fusion of displaced and adjacent vertebrae in the achieved position either with autografts of the illiac crest or with porous nickel titanium implants through trans- or extraperitoneal approach. Results. Achieved results of application of the device for external transpedicular fixation in patients with spondylolisthesis enable to consider clinically justified a partial or total reduction of a displaced vertebra followed by neurologic status monitoring and radiological control during the post-operative period. Use of porous nickel titanium implant accelerates the formation of a bony block and decreases the time of surgery, as there is no need for autograft preparation.
Praetorianistic Behavior Forms: An Investigation of School Principals
Authors: BALTACI Ali
Published: January 2019

Praetorianism
is an administration system where the military takes an active role in
political decisions openly or covertly. Also,
praetorianism is the interference of a state or an individual with another
person, against their will, and defended or motivated by a claim that the person
interfered with will be better off or protected from harm. It involves a limitation on the freedom or autonomy of some
agent and it does so for a class of reasons. The
purpose of this study is to determine the levels of school principals'
praetorianistic behavior. This research was designed with a descriptive
scanning model. The target universe of the research is composed of 370 school
directors working in public and private secondary schools in 25 districts of
Ankara. In the research, the entire universe was reached and a "complete
counting" technique was used. Data of the study were obtained using the
praetorianism scale developed by the researcher. The data were reported using
descriptive statistical methods. According to the results of the study, the
most praetorianistic behavior of the school principals' is 'helpfulness'. It
was also identified as praetorianistic behaviors in which 'authoritarianism', '
sordidness ', 'compelling' and 'orientation' were dominated by school
principals, respectively. However, school principals also have some
praetorianistic behavior in terms of ‘negative criticism’ and
‘restrictiveness’. The praetorianistic behaviors of school principals differ
significantly according to the variables of gender, educational status, school
type, and sector. On the other hand, it
has been determined that professional tenure does not differentiate between
praetorianistic behaviors.
Ultrasound Assisted Esterification of Rubber Seed Oil for Biodiesel Production
Authors: Widayat Widayat , Fajar Tamtomo Kiono Berkah
Published: January 2019

Production of biodiesel is currently shifting from the first to the second generation inwhich the raw materials are mostly from non-edible type oils and fats. Biodiesel production iscommonly conducted under batch operation using mechanical agitation to accelerate masstransfers. The main drawback of oil esterification is the high content of free fatty acids (FFA) whichmay reduce the yield of biodiesel and prolong the production time (2-5 hours). Ultrasonificationhas been used in many applications such as component extraction due to its ability to producecavitation under certain frequency. This research is aimed to facilitate ultrasound system forimproving biodiesel production process particularly rubber seed oil. An ultrasound unit was usedunder constant temperature (40oC) and frequency of 40 Hz. The result showed that ultrasound canreduces the processing time and increases the biodiesel yield significantly. A model to describecorrelation of yield and its independent variables is yield (Y) = 43,4894 – 0,6926 X1 + 1,1807 X2 –7,1042 X3 + 2,6451 X1X2 – 1,6557 X1X3 + 5,7586 X2X3 - 10,5145 X1X2X3, where X1 is mesh sizes, X2ratio oil: methanol and X3 type of catalyst.
Implications of Charcoal Briquette Produced by Local Communities on Livelihoods and Environment in Nairobi- Kenya
Authors: Njenga M. , Yonemitsu A. , Karanja N. , Iiyama M. , Kithinji J. , Dubbeling M. , Sundberg C. , Jamnadass R.
Published: January 2019

The residents of Nairobi, Kenya, use 700 tonnes of charcoal per day, producing about88 tonnes of charcoal dust that is found in most of the charcoal retailing stalls that is disposed of inwater drainage systems or in black garbage heaps. The high costs of cooking fuel results in poorhouseholds using unhealthy materials such as plastic waste. Further, poor households are opting tocook foods that take a short time to prepare irrespective of their nutritional value. This articlepresents experiences with community self-help groups producing charcoal fuel briquettes fromcharcoal dust in poorer nieghbourhoods of Nairobi for home use and sale. Households thatproduced charcoal fuel briquettes for own use and those that bought them saved 70% and 30% ofmoney spent on cooking energy respectively. The charcoal fuel briquettes have been found to beenvironmentally beneficial since they produce less smoke and increase total cooking energy bymore than 15%, thereby saving an equivalent volume of trees that would be cut down for charcoal.Charcoal briquette production is a viable opportunity for good quality and affordable cooking fuel.Bioenergy and waste management initiatives should promote recovery of organic by-products forcharcoal briquette production.
ANALISIS PERUBAHAN STRUKTUR EKONOMI (ECONOMIC LANDSCAPE) JAWA TENGAH (ANALISIS INPUT-OUTPUT PERIODE 2000-2013)
Authors: Fatmawati Anisa , Iskandar Deden Dinar
Published: January 2019

This research aims to find changes of economic structure in Central Java from 2000 to 2013. This reasearch uses input-output analysis which widely used to analyze the interrelationship on the economic sector, leading sector and economic multiplier sector. The Changes in the economic which analysed by using multiplier product matrix (MPM) illustrate the landscape of an economy. The results of this reasearch shows that sector with the highest number of multipliers output are the food industry, the other industrial sectors, the building sector, the restaurant and hotel sector and electricity sector. Then the sector that have highest number of multiplier income are the government sector, services sector, mining sector, livestock sector and building sector.Meanwhile the MPM analysis shows that there has been a change in the economic structure of Central Java during the period 2000 to 2013.
“The Pure Teachings of Jesus”: On the Christian Language of Wilhelm Weitling’s Communism
Authors: Jansson Anton
Published: January 2019

Relacja komunizmu i religii stanowi obszerne i budzące spory zagadnienie. W artykule odnoszę się do tej kwestii, przywołując specyficznego myśliciela, mianowicie: Wilhelma Weitlinga (1808-1871). Badacze jego idei interpretowali religię w różny sposób, traktując ją jako to, co stanowiło sam fundament jego poglądów, lub, dla odmiany, jako nieznaczący dodatek do jego świeckich teorii. W niniejszym studium argumentuję, że prace Weitlinga powinny być rozumiane jako wyrażające chrześcijański język polityczny w sensie, jaki nadał temu terminowi historyk J.G.A. Pocock. Wychodząc z tego założenia, artykuł zmierza ku ujawnieniu sposobów wyrazu chrześcijańskiego języka Weitlinga i do wskazania, w jaki sposób manifestował się on w jego trzech najważniejszych pracach.
Clay Sealings from the Pyramid Complex of King Raneferef Kept in the Náprstek Museum: General Features of the Corpus and its Potential to the Study of the Administration of the Royal Funerary Cult
Authors: Jeřábek David
Published: January 2019

In the 1980s, the excavations of the Czechoslovak Institute of Egyptology headed by Miroslav Verner excavated large parts of the pyramid complex of King Raneferef (Neferefre)2 and uncovered evidence of the mortuary cult of the king, including ca. one thousand of clay sealings (or sealing fragments). Out of them, a corpus of over three hundred sealings was acquired by National Museum – Náprstek Museum of Asian, African and American Cultures. In most aspects, they make a representative sample of the whole corpus. This paper presents in summary properties of the corpus relevant to the interpretation of the temple administration as it is reflected in the sealing activity.3 After a brief introduction to the site and the organization of the excavated corpus, the attention will be focused particularly on the general patterns of the distribution of sealings with regard to space, type, and attested epigraphical features (titles, names of gods and institutions, other iconographical features), as these are the means to uncover potential correlations between the activity of holders of particular offices (or representatives of particular institutions), particular parts of the temple and particular types of sealings (i.e. particular kinds of sealed containers).
Summer Retreats, Travel, and Family in the Life of František Lexa (1876–1960), The First Czechoslovak Egyptologist
Authors: Macková Adéla Jůnová
Published: January 2019

The study will explore the family and the family milieu of the first Czechoslovak Egyptologist František Lexa, founder and first director of the Czechoslovak Institute of Egyptology, expert on Egyptian philology, especially demotic languages, and mentor of two important Egyptologists, Jaroslav Černý, professor at Oxford University, and Zbyněk Žába, professor at Charles University, Prague. The study will analyse the social status of Lexa’s family and the importance of his marriage in shaping his scientific life and consider the everyday routines of this scientist’s household, including the claims demanded by the requirements of bringing up three children. As a specific focus, we will try to introduce the everyday life of a travelling scientist, particularly during holidays spent with family abroad, and illuminate the significance of summer retreats in shaping a scientists’ familial travel experience.
Two English Chemists/Authors/Teachers: John Read and James Riddick Partington
Authors: Szydło Zbigniew A.
Published: January 2019

John Read and James Partington were both prominent and highly respected academics, chemists, authors and teachers during the middle decades of the 20th century. Their books were widely read throughout this period and played a major role in educating and raising the awareness of chemistry among young people and adults. Today their names are forgotten. The aim of the present article is to re-establish these two remarkable men and to bring them to the forefront of educational programs. An outline is given of their careers as chemists, set against the background of the times they lived in, giving an emphasis to their formidable literary output. Although they had widely contrasting personalities, and were specialists in three different fields of chemistry, Read: organic, Partington: physical and inorganic, they both recognized the great importance of setting chemistry in an historical context. Accordingly, they both wrote many works on the origins and development of chemistry and included much historical material in their textbooks. This added not only a great interest to the subject, but also set it in a broader cultural context, which is so clearly lacking in today’s chemistry teaching programs. A chronological list of their books is given and short contrasting fragments from four of them are analysed. Not only are these books of great interest, but they serve as an outstanding foundation for teaching the principles of chemistry today. A recommendation is made to incorporate one work of each author as compulsory reading material for students today, and in future years.
Assessing of Scientific Inquiry Skills Achieved by Future Biology Teachers
Authors: Čipková Elena , Karolčík Štefan
Published: January 2019

A successful application of scientific research in science education requires adequate professional training of teachers. The study presents the results of research focused on the level of scientific inquiry skills of future biology teachers. The results showed that students with a success rate of over 80 % solved tasks focused on applying numerical methods, determining relationships between variables and evaluating the uses and misuses of scientific information with a more than 80 % success rate. On the other side, the students had considerable problems associated with planning and implementing of the experiment. The results indicated that there is no significant difference in the level of scientific inquiry skills between students who study biology teaching in combination with other science subject, and students who study biology teaching in combination with a non-science subject.
Propylene Oxide Polymerization in the Presence of Layered Double Hydroxides
Authors: Dan Olena , Butenko Eleonora , Kapustin Alexey
Published: January 2019

Propylene oxide polymerization in the presence of layered double hydroxides with different concentration of basic sites on their surface has been studied. It is shown that the polymerization can be catalyzed by both basic and acidic sites. On the basis of kinetic experiments the mechanisms of reaction undergoing were proposed.
Social Transformation of Gender Role in the Area of Sebangau National Park
Authors: Nurleni Evi
Published: January 2019

This study aims to describe the role of reproductive, productive and community working of the society of KerengBangkirai and to know the requirement of woman practice and strategic needs in KerengBangkirai. It used qualitative approach with humans as study object. The object of study is the KerengBangkirai society. The result showed that the role of reproductive role became women’s responsibility, either wife/mother or daughter. The role of gender within the community showed the lack of access and women’s control in making important decision. In fact, women are usually missed from village officers’ attention. The women’s practical needs include skills of using fishing gear, child care provider, child room building and others. Then, women’s strategic needs include authority alteration in term of decision-making involvement, equalling job division in domestic sector, women’s involvement in paid toilets as their productive workspace, violence awareness of gender-based and achieving fair access and control.
In-situ U–Th–Pb geochronometry with submicron-scale resolution: low-voltage electron-beam dating of complexly zoned polygenetic uraninite microcrystals
Authors: Waitzinger Michael , Finger Fritz
Published: January 2019

Complexly zoned microcrystals of uraninite were encountered in orthogneiss from the central Tauern Window in Austria (K1 gneiss, Felbertal scheelite mine) and analysed in-situ for U, Th and Pb with state-of-the-art FE-SEM/EDX techniques. A three times finer spatial resolution was achieved using an acceleration voltage of 8 kV, compared to the classic 15–20 kV set-up of U–Th–total Pb electron microprobe dating. The lower voltage allows a spheroid of material with a diameter of only 0.3 µm to be selectively analysed. Careful tests on three uraninite reference materials show that the low-voltage method yields sufficient precision and accuracy for U–Th–total Pb uraninite dating, with errors on individual spot ages in the order of 10–30 Ma. By means of this innovative analysis technique, small-scale age zoning patterns could be resolved and dated in the uraninite microcrystals from the orthogneiss. Based on microstructures observed in backscattered electron images we interpret that an older uraninite generation in the rock, with a late Permian formation age (~260 Ma), was recycled two times through a coupled dissolution–reprecipitation process at ~210 Ma and at ~30 Ma. The younger dissolution–reprecipitation phase at ~30 Ma coincides with the Alpine regional metamorphism (lower amphibolite facies). The two older ages (~210 Ma and ~260 Ma) have been previously recognized in rocks from the Tauern Window by uraninite dating, but it is the first time here that both are recorded in the same rock and even the same uraninite grain. The present study shows that recrystallized accessory uraninite can provide a sensitive geological “hard disk” where several discrete thermal events of an area are stored. In addition, our work attests that the mineral uraninite has an unexpected geochronological robustness, even on the microcrystal scale.
The Therapeutic Alliance Over 10 Sessions of Therapy for Borderline Personality Disorder: Agreement and Congruence Analysis and Relation to Outcome
Authors: Kivity Yogev , Levy Kenneth N. , Kolly Stéphane , Kramer Ueli
Published: January 2019

The authors examined whether alliance dynamics are affected by tailoring the therapeutic relationship to the individual patient in brief psychotherapy of borderline personality disorder. Sixty patients were randomized to 10-session Good Psychiatric Management (GPM-BV) or GPM combined with Motive-Oriented Therapeutic Relationship techniques (MOTR+GPM-BV). Patient- and therapist-rated alliance was assessed weekly. Self-reported symptomatic distress was assessed pre-, mid-, and posttreatment. In MOTR+GPM-BV, stronger therapist-rated alliance predicted lower symptomatic distress in the same timepoint, but not in a lag, whereas symptomatic distress predicted therapist-rated alliance in a lag. Therapist-rated alliance was lower than patient-rated alliance in GPM-BV but not in MOTR+GPM-BV. In MOTR+GPM-BV, higher agreement on strong alliance tended to predict lower symptomatic distress. Patient- and therapist-rated alliances were temporally congruent, but congruence did not predict outcome. Addressing the relationship needs of patients may partly exert its salutary effect by increasing agreement between patients' and therapists' experience of the alliance.
Developmental Axon Degeneration Requires TRPV1-Dependent Ca2+Influx
Authors: Johnstone Aaron D. , de Léon Andrés , Unsain Nicolás , Gibon Julien , Barker Philip A.
Published: February 2019

Development of the nervous system relies on a balance between axon and dendrite growth and subsequent pruning and degeneration. The developmental degeneration of dorsal root ganglion (DRG) sensory axons has been well studied in part because it can be readily modeled by removing the trophic support by nerve growth factor (NGF)in vitro. We have recently reported that axonal fragmentation induced by NGF withdrawal is dependent on Ca2+, and here, we address the mechanism of Ca2+entry required for developmental axon degeneration of mouse embryonic DRG neurons. Our results show that the transient receptor potential vanilloid family member 1 (TRPV1) cation channel plays a critical role mediating Ca2+influx in DRG axons withdrawn from NGF. We further demonstrate that TRPV1 activation is dependent on reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation that is driven through protein kinase C (PKC) and NADPH oxidase (NOX)-dependent pathways that become active upon NGF withdrawal. These findings demonstrate novel mechanistic links between NGF deprivation, PKC activation, ROS generation, and TRPV1-dependent Ca2+influx in sensory axon degeneration.
1957
Authors: Dawson Alexander S.
Published: January 2019

After several decades in which scientists produced a slow trickle of scholarship on the potential uses of peyote/mescaline for mental health afflictions, in the 1950s this genre of psychiatric research into hallucinogens expanded significantly. Mexico remained a relative backwater for this type of work until 1957, when Dr. José Rodríguez at the Sanatorio Psiquiatrico Santiago Ramírez Moreno in Mexico City initiated a mescaline study, in which a young Mexican doctor named Salvador Roquet participated. Though terrified and initially incapacitated by his experience, over time, Roquet came to believe that the psychedelics he took in this session offered profoundly powerful tools for psychiatry. Over the course of a decade, he sought to learn as much as he could about these drugs from their traditional users, the shamans of the Mazatec and Huichol communities, and to build a medical practice in Mexico City that translated that knowledge into something that would be useful for his urban, ladino, and generally well-educated patients. His Clínica de Psicosíntesis operated in Mexico City from 1967 to 1974.
Cardiomyocyte transcription is controlled by combined mineralocorticoid receptor and circadian clock signalling
Authors: Fletcher Elizabeth K , Kanki Monica , Morgan James , Ray David W , Delbridge Lea M , Fuller Peter J , Clyne Colin D , Young Morag J
Published: January 2019

We previously identified a critical pathogenic role for mineralocorticoid receptor (MR) activation in cardiomyocytes that included a potential interaction between the MR and the molecular circadian clock. While glucocorticoid regulation of the circadian clock is undisputed, studies on MR interactions with circadian clock signalling are limited. We hypothesised that the MR influences cardiac circadian clock signalling, and vice versa. Aldosterone or corticosterone (10 nM) regulated Cry1, Per1, Per2 and ReverbA (Nr1d1) gene expression patterns in H9c2 cells over 24 h. MR-dependent regulation of circadian gene promoters containing GREs and E-box sequences was established for CLOCK, Bmal, CRY1 and CRY2, PER1 and PER2 and transcriptional activators CLOCK and Bmal modulated MR-dependent transcription of a subset of these promoters. We also demonstrated differential regulation of MR target gene expression in hearts of mice 4 h after administration of aldosterone at 08:00 h vs 20:00 h. Our data support MR regulation of a subset of circadian genes, with endogenous circadian transcription factors CLOCK and BMAL modulating the response. This unsuspected relationship links MR in the heart to circadian rhythmicity at the molecular level and has important implications for the biology of MR signalling in response to aldosterone as well as cortisol. These data are consistent with MR signalling in the brain where, like the heart, it preferentially responds to cortisol. Given the undisputed requirement for diurnal cortisol release in the entrainment of peripheral clocks, the present study highlights the MR as an important mechanism for transducing the circadian actions of cortisol in addition to glucocorticoid receptor (GR) in the heart.
Strategic Analysis of the Development of Renewable Energetics in the World and in Ukraine
Authors: Yakubiv Valentyna , Boryshkevych Iryna
Published: January 2019

The article analyses tendencies in changes in power supply volumes in world countries for the last years. We identified tendencies in changes of power supply volumes in the context of different sources of its production. We studied the tendencies of development of renewable energetics in the world and in Ukraine. We based the potential of the development of renewable energetics in the world and in Ukraine. We conducted complex analysis of strategic perspectives of the development of renewable energetics in Ukraine on the basis of PEST-analysis. We also based the main trends of strategic changes in the industry in the framework of the most powerful external factors of influence the development of renewable energetics. We offered the complex of strategic measures within the limits of the most influential environmental factors within PEST-analysis
The Status of Northern Ireland after Brexit: Probable Models
Authors: Rudko Serhii
Published: January 2019

The article highlights one of the main issues related to the UK's withdrawal from the European Union, Northern Ireland’s new status, in particular, the status of the border between NI and the Republic of Ireland. It has been an ‘apple of discord’ from the first stage and during the last stage of the Brexit negotiations. The future ‘hard’ or ‘soft’ Irish-British border is not a problem in the negotiations between the United Kingdom and the European Union only, but is also a serious domestic political challenge for Theresa May’s government. The article explains possible models of the future status of Northern Ireland. The most probable solutions are: a ‘reverse Greenland’, a ‘reverse Cyprus’ and a ‘German version’.

Following the Good Friday Agreement of 1998, the EU invested heavily in supporting border communities for the development of small business and industry, which improved the economic situation in the area of the former conflict and facilitated border dialogue. However, it led to the fact that many enterprises were oriented towards the EU market or border trade. The article concludes that the ‘reverse Greenland’ model would enable Northern Ireland to remain in the single market and customs union apart from the rest of Great Britain, which would prevent the establishment of a tight boundary between both Irelands. The author outlined the possible implications of the ‘reverse Cyprus’ model, which suggests that the United Kingdom would technically remain a part of the EU, and that the EU’s legislation would be suspended only on its separate parts (that is, Wales and England). The researcher emphasizes that the ‘German version’ could be applied in the case of future reunification of both Irelands, then Northern Ireland would remain a part of the EU until its new status on the referendum have been resolved.

The article summarized that no examples above provide a precise analogy, since Brexit is unprecedented event. The most likely models of the Northern Ireland’s future are the ‘reverse Greenland’ and the ‘reverse Cyprus’
Influence of the surface moraine on the state of Djankuat Glacier (Central Caucasus) by 2025
Authors: Rezepkin A. A. , Popovnin V. V.
Published: January 2019

Current glaciation of the Central Caucasus is in the regressive stage of evolution. Observed long rising of the air temperature in the ablation seasons (almost 1 °C since 1968 on the Djankuat Glacier) together with insignificant growth of winter precipitation caused a long period of the glacier degradation: since 1871 the mass balance of the glacier, with rare exceptions, remained negative. During this time, the glacier has lost about 60 m w.e. mainly by areas of the smallest ice thickness, i.e. the steep slopes of the rocky framing of the fi n basin which become exposing from ice due to conditions of extreme instability. In parallel with the processes of freezing and thawing in cracks, this leads to a signifi ant increase in the frequency of rockfalls. In 2001–2003, huge rockfalls occurred on the glacier from the slopes, which had recently undergone deglaciation. The last one covered 4% of the glacier surface with about 70 000 m3of clastic products. The marine cover differs significantly from the open ice surface in its thermal characteristics, which affect the structure of the thermal balance and the absolute values of ablation. The temperature inside the moraine is positive throughout the ablation season, even at a depth of 60 cm, but the absolute values of daily maximum melting are five times lower than those on open ice. The influence of the moraine material layer on the ablation is determined not only by its thickness, but also by the structure. The fi ld experiment conducted in 2011 demonstrated that melting under a layer of coarse-grained material (particle diameter 16–17 cm) is four times faster than under a layer of fi e-grained (7–8 cm) material equal in thickness. The study of the influence of the surface moraine and the account of its further growth in thickness and area made it possible to predict changes in the surface of the glacier by 2025. The climatic forecast was made using the HadCM3 model (A2 climate change scenario). Data on air temperature and precipitation were used to construct a predictive fi ld of the mass balance of the Djankuat Glacier for each year until 2025. Th s became possible by the use of a quantitative parameterized relationship between the mass balance of the entire glacier and each of its points, identifi d in the study of the total mass transfer of the glacier, as well as parameterized linear regression equations. The forecast of hypsometry of the Djankuat Glacier made it possible to determine that by 2025 the depression of the tongue areas covered by the moraine will be 7–15 m (or 42–45%) smaller than areas of the open ice. Th s means that at the present stage of the glaciation development the surface moraine plays a role in the evolution of the glacier, commensurable with the climate factor.
Formation of glacier runoff on the northern slope of Tavan Bogd mountain massif based on stable isotopes data
Authors: Bantsev D. V. , Ganyushkin D. A. , Chistyakov K. V. , Ekaykin A. A. , Tokarev I. V. , Volkov I. V.
Published: January 2019

This investigation is based on measurements of stable isotopes concentrations (δD and δ18О) in water, snow and ice samples. Glaciers are composed of ice, snow, and fi n of atmospheric origin. The isotopic composition of these components is different, so when melting they form the melted glacial water with different isotope characteristics. Summer precipitation contains the heaviest isotopes, but only a small part of them remains on the glacier. The average isotopic composition of glacier ice represents the average composition of precipitation that accumulates on it. However, snow and fi n of different seasons can occur on the glacier surface, the isotopic composition of which differs from the isotopic composition of glacier ice. At different times of the ablation season different parts of the glacier melt, therefore the isotopic composition of melt waters will be different. Differences in the isotopic composition of the major runoff-forming components on the Northern slopes of the massif Tabyn-Bogdo-Ola had been identified. A part of melting ice in the formation of the runoff on this massif is determined by estimation of the isotopic composition of snow, ice, and fi n on different glaciers of this region. The average δ18О of snow on the glacier surface is −11.9‰, and this snow can be attributed to the precipitation fallen in late spring or early summer. Measured average isotopic composition of precipitation (δ18О = −11.9‰) was compared with the online calculator of the isotope content in precipitation (OIPC). The isotopic composition of glacial melt waters on the Northern macro-slope in the middle of July 2015 (δ18О = −15.3‰) differs from the isotopic composition of the territory of the Mongolian part of the massif (δ18О = −17.4‰) obtained from results of the analysis of eight samples taken at different edges of the glaciers at the beginning of August 2013. Isotopic separation shows important role of summer snow in feeding the glacial rivers of the massif even in the middle of the ablation season, especially for glaciers in the central part of the massif. The role of seasonal snow in feeding the glacier streams depends on the morphological type of glacier. It is maximum for corrie glaciers and minimum for the valley ones.