bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Urinary tract infection is associated with hypokalemia: a case control study
Authors: Shen Ai-Ling , Lin Hsiu-Li , Lin Hsiu-Chen , Tseng Yuan-Fu , Hsu Chien-Yeh , Chou Che-Yi
Published: March 2020

BackgroundHypokalemia is a common clinical problem. The association between urinary tract infection (UTI) and hypokalemia is not clear. Hypokalemia is common in patients with UTI in clinical observation. The aim of the study is to determine if UTI is associated with hypokalemia.Methods Patients hospitalized with UTI and the control group were retrieved from the Longitudinal Health Insurance Database 2005. The control group was patients hospitalized with other reasons and were matched for the confoundings of UTI and hypokalemia. We analyze the risk of hypokalemia using logistic regression and calculate the odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) of OR.ResultsWe analyzed 44952 UTI patients and 44952 matched control patients. The percentage (10.3%, n=4625) of hypokalemia was higher in UTI patients than that (5.2%, n=2342) in control patients (chi-square, p < 0.001). UTI was associated with hypokalemia (p < 0.001) and the OR was 2.04 (95% CI 1.94 - 2.16). Cerebrovascular accident, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, diabetes, hypertension, congestive heart failure, and medications including diuretics, beta-blockers, insulin, and laxatives were also associated with hypokalemia. Recurrent UTI was associated with hypokalemia in patients with UTI.ConclusionsHypokalemia is linked to urinary tract infection and potassium should be tested in UTI patients. The association of hypokalemia and UTI is independent of patients’ comorbidities and medications.
A Comparison Of Text Mining Versus Diagnostic Codes To Identify Opioid Use Problem: A Retrospective Study​
Authors: Alzeer Abdullah , Jones Josette F , Bair Matthew J , Liu Xiaowen , Alfantoukh Lina A , Patel Jay , Dixon Brian E
Published: March 2020

Background As opioid prescriptions have risen, there has also been a rise in opioid overdose deaths and substance use disorders. Public health systems have tried to improve their ability to detect and intervene in opioid use disorders to prevent death due to overdose. The objective of this study is to compare two approaches to identify opioid use problems (OUP) using electronic health record data- text mining versus diagnostic codes.Methods Our sample consisted of adults on long-term opioid therapy (LTOT), defined as at least ≥ 70 days of supply within 90 days, and who visited a large multi-hospital network within a two-year period, between 1 January 2013 and 31 December 2014. We excluded patients with active cancer or schizophrenia. Text mining results were validated by a semi-assisted human review process and positive predictive value and level of agreement was reported. Each algorithm sought to identify patients who visited a health care facility due to an opioid poisoning event, opioid abuse, or opioid dependence. Population characteristics for positive OUP identified by text mining and ICD cohorts were compared. Chi-square and Fishers exact test were used for categorical data analysis and independent t-test was used to compare means for continuous variables. We further compared the demographics of the cohorts identified by the two methods.Results We identified 14,298 eligible LTOT patients. Text mining of relevant electronic clinical notes yielded 127 positive OUP cases compared to 45 cases using International Classification of Disease (ICD)-9 codes for the same population. Just eight OUP patients were identified using both methods. The two cohorts differed significantly with respect to age, gender, and other characteristics.Conclusions Compared to diagnostic codes, text mining identified more OUP cases with distinct characteristics. Incorporating text-mining techniques into OUP surveillance methods may support better detection of OUP and more accurate estimates of prevalence.
Bone regeneration potential of human dental pulp stem cells derived from elderly patients and induced by a helioxanthin derivative
Authors: Sato Marika , KAWASE-KOGA YOKO , Yamakawa Daiki , Fujii Yasuyuki , Chikazu Daichi
Published: March 2020

Background: Human dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs) have the ability to differentiate into multiple lineage cell types including adipogenic, neurogenic, and osteogenic cells. Dental pulp stem cells can be easily collected from extracted teeth and are now considered to be a type of mesenchymal stem cell with higher clonogenic and proliferative potential than bone marrow stem cells. Previous studies have described the osteogenic ability of DPSCs that were isolated from only young patients. However, in fact, elderly patients more frequently require bone regenerative therapy—for example, in alveolar bone defects resulting from periodontal disease—than young patients. We previously reported that 4-(4-methoxyphenyl)pyrido[40,30:4,5]thieno[2,3-b]pyridine-2-carboxamide (TH), a helioxanthin derivative, induces osteogenic differentiation of DPSCs derived from young patients. However, the effect of TH on the osteogenic differentiation potential of DPSCs derived from elderly patients remains unknown. Therefore, the present study aimed to examine and compare the osteogenic differentiation potential of TH-induced DPSCs from elderly patients and young patients to explore the potential clinical use of DPSCs for elderly patients.Methods: Dental pulp stem cells were obtained from the dental pulp of teeth of healthy young patients (18-39 years old) and healthy elderly patients (40-67 years old) and cultured in regular medium and osteogenic medium with or without TH. We assessed the morphological characteristics, proliferation, and osteogenic differentiation of DPSCs from both young and elderly patients. Moreover, DPSC sheets were transplanted into mouse calvarial defects to investigate osteogenesis of TH-induced DPSCs in vivo.Results: We demonstrated that osteogenic conditions with TH induce the osteogenic differentiation and osteogenesis of DPSCs from elderly patients as well as young patients more than osteogenic conditions without TH. Conclusions: Our results suggested that the osteogenic differentiation potential of DPSCs from elderly patients is as high as that of DPSCs from young patients. Moreover, TH-induced DPSCs show increased osteogenic differentiation potential, and they can be a useful cell source for bone regenerative therapy for not only young patients but also elderly patients.
Spatial and temporal patterns of Ross River virus in South East Queensland, Australia: identification of hot spots at the rural-urban interface
Authors: Murphy Amanda K. , Clennon Julie A. , Vazquez-Prokopec Gonzalo , Jansen Cassie C. , Frentiu Francesca D. , Hafner Louise M. , Hu Wenbiao , Devine Gregor J.
Published: March 2020

Background: Ross River virus (RRV) is responsible for the most common vector-borne disease of humans reported in Australia. The virus circulates in enzootic cycles between multiple species of mosquitoes, wildlife reservoir hosts and humans. Despite regular outbreaks, ongoing morbidity and substantial economic costs, the underlying determinants of epidemics remain unclear. Public health concern about RRV has recently increased due to rising incidence rates in Australian urban centres, along with increased circulation in Pacific Island countries. Australia experienced its largest recorded outbreak of 9,544 cases in 2015, with the majority reported from South East Queensland (SEQ). We aimed to provide a detailed analysis of disease trends and explore potential links between disease patterns and transmission pathways of RRV.Methods: We assessed the spatial and temporal distribution of notified RRV cases, and associated epidemiological features in SEQ, from 2001-2016. This included fine-scale analysis of disease patterns across the suburbs of the capital city of Brisbane, and those of 8 adjacent Local Government Areas, and host spot analyses to identify locations with significantly high incidence.Results: The mean annual incidence rate for the region was 41/100,000 with a consistent seasonal peak in cases between February and May. The highest RRV incidence was in adults aged from 30-64 years (mean incidence rate: 59/100,000), and females had higher incidence rates than males (mean incidence rates: 44/100,000 and 34/100,000, respectively). Spatial patterns of disease were heterogeneous between years, and there was a wide distribution of disease across both urban and rural areas of SEQ. Overall, the highest incidence rates were reported from predominantly rural suburbs to the north of Brisbane City, with significant hot spots located in peri-urban suburbs where residential, agricultural and conserved natural land use types intersect.Conclusions: Although RRV is endemic across all of SEQ, transmission is most concentrated in areas where urban and peri-urban environments intersect. The drivers of RRV transmission across rural-urban landscapes should be prioritised for further investigation, including identification of specific vectors and hosts that mediate human spillover.
A broad-range survey of Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato infection in small mammals in Sino-Burmese border area, Yunnan Province, China
Authors: He Zhihai , Jiang Baogui , Gao Zihou , Shao Zongti , Zhang Yun , Liu Zhengxiang , Li Yuqiong , Pu Ennian , Tang Li , Yao Mingguo , Jia Na , Fricken Michael E. von , Jiang Jiafu , Cao Wuchun , Du Chunhong
Published: March 2020

Background: Lyme disease is caused by Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato which is usually found in wild and domestic mammals worldwide. In China, Human cases of B. burgdorferi infections have been identified in a wide distribution, but little direct surveillance of potential rodent reservoirs has been performed in Yunnan Province, the tropical region, Sino-Burmese border area, southwestern China. Here we report a thoroughly investigation of B. burgdorferi sensu lato in small mammals collected in 2011 to 2016 in the region.Methods: A nested PCR was done for the 5S-23S rRNA intergenic spacer gene of Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato. The PCR-positive amplicons were directly sequenced. Sequence analysis was carried out using a FASTA search on the Genbank database, with phylogenetic trees constructed using MEGA software, version 6.06. Statistical Analysis were conducted using SPSS.version 17.0.Results: Totally 57 species, 3659 mammals were captured at 159 sample sites located in 23 counties in Yunnan Province. Thirty species, 146 (3.99%) mammals were tested positive for B. bourgdorferi s.l . by nested PCR based on 5S-23S rRNA intergenic spacer gene. 20 species mammals were first reported infected with B. burgdorferi s.l. Sequence analysis revealed that five genotypes of B. burgdorferi s.l. were detected, including B. afzelii , B. burgdorferi sensu stricto, B. japonica , B. garinii and B. valaisiana.Conclusions: Significant differences in prevalence rates of B. bourgdorferi s.l were observed at varying landscape types and altitudes. Small mammals in forested areas had higher prevalence rates than other landscape types as did small mammals found at altitudes greater than 2500 meters. The 5S-23S rRNA intergenic spacer gene revealed that there were five genotypes of B. burgdorferi s.l. detected, indicating high genetic diversity within this province.
Prognostic value of neuron specific enolase in patients with advanced and metastatic non-neuroendocrine non-small cell lung cancer
Authors: Yan Peng , Han Yi-ming , Liu Chuan-yong , Liu Jie , Zuo Tai-yang , Wang Xin-yu
Published: March 2020

Background: Increased serum NSE levels were found in a substantial proportion (30%-69%) of patients with NSCLC, but little is known about the clinical properties of neuron specific enolase (NSE). Objective: We aimed to access the level of serum NSE to predict the prognosis and treatment response in advanced or metastatic non-neuroendocrine non-small cell lung cancer. Methods: We retrospectively analyzed 363 patients with advanced and metastatic NSCLC (without neuroendocrine immunohistochemistry stain and brain metastasis) between January 2011 and October 2016. The serum NSE level was measured before initiation of treatment. Results: According to the X-tile program, the optimum cut-off value for NSE level was 26.1 ng/ml. Patients with elevated NSE level (≥26.1 ng/ml) showed significantly shorter progression-free survival (PFS) (median PFS, 4.31 months vs 9.93 months; P < 0.001) and significantly shorter overall survival (OS) (median OS, 8.13 months vs 17.11 months; P < 0.001). In subgroup analysis, patients with elevated NSE level (≥26.1 ng/ml) showed significantly shorter PFS than those with low NSE level (<26.1ng/ml) in EGFR mutations group and EGFR-wide type group (6.58 months vs 16.02 months, P = 0.0016; 3.42 months vs 7.46 months, P < 0.001, respectively). In terms of OS, the patients with elevated NSE was also significantly shorter than those with low NSE in EGFR mutations group and EGFR-wide type group (9.51 months vs 27.73 months, P < 0.001; 7.76 months vs 13.55 months, P < 0.001, respectively). Univariate and multivariate analysis demonstrated that elevated NSE level was independent prognostic factors for short PFS (hazard ratio [HR] = 2.40 (1.71-3.38), P < 0.001; HR = 1.81 (1.28-2.56), P = 0.001, respectively) and OS (HR, 2.40 (1.71-3.37), P < 0.001; HR, 1.76 (1.24-2.50), P = 0.002, respectively). Conclusion: The survival of NSCLC with elevated serum NSE level was shorter than that of NSCLC with low NSE level. Serum NSE level is a predictor of treatment and independent prognostic factor.
Meta-analysis based gene expressional profiling reveals functional genes in ovarian cancer
Authors: Zhao Lin , Li Yuhui , Zhang Zhen , Guo Hong , Li Jianfu , Wei Ran , Guo Qiang , Zhu Xiaoxiao , Chu Chu , Zhang Yunhong , Wang Bin , Yue Jinbo , Li Xia
Published: March 2020

Background Ovarian cancer causes high mortality rate worldwide, and despite numerous attempts, the outcome for patients with ovarian cancer are still not well improved. Microarray based gene expressional analysis provides with valuable information for discriminating functional genes in ovarian cancer development and progression. However, due to the differences in experimental design, the results varied significantly across individual datasets. Methods In the present study, the data of gene expression in ovarian cancer was downloaded from Gene Expression Omnibus and 16 studies were included. A meta-analysis based gene expression analysis was performed to identify differentially expressed genes (DEGs). The most differentially expressed genes in our meta-analysis were selected for gene expression and gene function validation. Results A total of 972 DEGs with P -value<0.001 were identified in ovarian cancer, including 541 up-regulated genes and 431 down-regulated genes, among which 92 additional DEGs were found as gained DEGs. Top five up-and down-regulated genes were selected for the validation of gene expressional profiling. Among these genes, up-regulated CD24 , SOX17 , WFDC2 , EPCAM , INAVA , and down-regulated AOX1 were revealed to be with consistent expressional patterns in clinical patient samples of ovarian cancer. Gene functional analysis demonstrated that up-regulated WFCD2 and INAVA promoted ovarian cancer cell migration, WFDC2 enhanced cell proliferation, while down-regulated AOX1 was functional in inducing cell apoptosis of ovarian cancer. Interestingly. Conclusion Our study shed light on the molecular mechanisms underlying the development of ovarian cancer, and facilitated the understanding of novel diagnostic and therapeutic targets in ovarian cancer.
Prognostic factors for the short-term mortality of patients with rheumatoid arthritis admitted to intensive care units
Authors: Fujiwara Toshifumi , Tokuda Kentaro , Momii Kenta , Tsushima Hidetoshi , Akasaki Yukio , Ikemura Satoshi , Fukushi Jun-ichi , Maki Jun , Kaku Noriyuki , Akahoshi Tomohiko , Taguchi Tomoaki , Nakashima Yasuharu
Published: March 2020

Background Patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) have high mortality risk and are frequently treated in intensive care units (ICUs).Materials and Methods This study included 67 patients (20 males, 47 females) with RA who were admitted at the ICU of our institution for ≥48 h between January 2008 and March 2018. We analyzed the 30-day mortality of these patients and the investigated prognostic factors in RA patients admitted to our ICU.Results Upon admission, the mean age was 68 years, and RA duration was 14 years. The 30-day, 90-day, and 1-year mortality rates were 22%, 27%, and 37%, respectively. The major reasons for ICU admission were cardiovascular complications (24%) and infection (40%) and the most common ICU treatments were mechanical ventilation (69%), renal replacement (25%), and vasopressor (78%). In the 30-day mortality group, infection led to a fatal outcome in most cases (67%), and nonsurvivors were associated with a significantly higher prednisone dose, Charlson’s comorbidity index, and acute physiology and chronic health evaluation (APACHE) II score. Blood data at ICU admission showed that lower platelet number and total protein and higher creatinine and prothrombin time international normalized ratio (PT-INR) indicated significantly poorer prognosis. Multivariate analysis revealed that dose of prednisone, high APACHE II score, and prolonged PT-INR indicated a higher risk of 30-day mortality.Conclusion Our study revealed that high prednisone dose, elevated APACHE II score, and coagulation abnormalities predicted poorer prognosis in RA patients admitted to the ICU.
The emergence of the national medical assistance scheme for the poorest in Mali
Authors: Touré Laurence , Ridde Valery
Published: March 2020

Background : Universal health coverage (UHC) is now high up the international agenda. There are still major needs to be met in West Africa, particularly in Mali, where providing health care for the poorest remains a big challenge. The majority of the region’s countries are currently seeking to define the content of their compulsory, contribution-based medical insurance system. However, very few countries apart from Mali have decided to, in parallel, develop a solution for poorest that is not based on contributions. Methods : This qualitative research article examines the historical process that has permitted the emergence of this ground-breaking public policy. Results : The research shows that the process has been very long, chaotic and sometimes suspended for long periods. One of the biggest challenges has been that of intersectoriality and the social construction of the groups to be targeted by this public policy (the poorest), as institutional tensions have evolved in accordance with the political issues linked to social protection. Eventually, the medical assistance scheme for the poorest (RAMED) saw the light of day in 2011, funded entirely by the government. Conclusions : RAMED emergence would appear to be attributable not so much to any new concern for the poorest in society but rather to a desire to give the social protection policy engaged in a guarantee of universality. The RAMED nonetheless remains an innovation within French-speaking West Africa.
Adherence patterns among patients receiving healthcare services in the Muhimbili Sickle Cell Cohort, Tanzania
Authors: Masamu Upendo , Sangeda Raphael Zozimus , Kandoga Daniel , Ondego Jesca , Ndobho Florah , Mmbando Bruno , Nkya Siana , Msami Khadija , Makani Julie
Published: March 2020

Background: Monitoring of patient’s clinical attendance is one of the crucial means that is used to improve adherence to care and treatment among the Sickle Cell Disease (SCD) patients. Adherence to care has been shown to improve health outcomes in SCD patients. However, these benefits cannot be achieved when patients are lost to follow-up to care. Method : We analyzed data on loss to follow up to determine the patterns among sickle cell patients registered at Muhimbili Sickle Cell Cohort (MSC), in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania. Data was aggregated and analysed using R software and Microsoft Excel Spreadsheet. Survival analysis techniques, both non-parametric methods (Kaplan-Meier estimator and Log-rank test) and semi-parametric method (Cox’s proportional hazard model), were used. A p-value of 0.05 was considered significant to make a strong inference of the analysis. Results: 5476 SCD patients were registered at MSC from 2004 to 2016, 3350 (58.13%) were actively participating in clinics while, 2126 (41.87%) were inactive, out of which 35.19% were lost to follow-up. From the survival analysis results, patients who were between 5 to 17 years were more likely to be lost to follow-up than the rest with a hazard ratio of 2.65 times more than those who were above 18 years. Patients with mean cell volume above 77.73 fL and white blood cell above 15.73(10ˆ3/uL) were more likely to be loss to follow-up than those below average. Conclusion: Loss to follow-up is evident in a cohort of patients in long term comprehensive care follow-up. It is, therefore, necessary to design interventions that minimize its impacts. Suggested solutions might include training of the health care workers, more emphasis on newborn screening and advocacy to patients regarding the effect of loss to follow-up.
The agonist of JWA gene JAC1 suppresses proliferation of breast cancer through JWA/p38/SMURF1/HER2 signaling
Authors: Ren Yanlin , Chen Dongyin , Chen Junjie , Zhai Zurong , Li Aiping , Liang Yan , Yin Yongmei , Shu Yongqian , Zhou Jianwei
Published: March 2020

Background The HER2-positive breast cancer accounts for 20-30% of all breast cancers. The overexpression of HER2 is associated with malignant proliferation and invasiveness in several cancers. Some HER2 targeting drugs are widely used in clinic to block HER2 or its tyrosine kinase and improve the prognosis of patients. However, drug resistance and side effects are still a big challenge worldwide. Our previous studies have demonstrated that JWA down-regulates HER2 expression and inhibits cell proliferation and migration in gastric cancer cells. Methods The association of JWA with HER2 were analyzed by IHC in 90 tumor sample tissues and paired non-cancerous adjacent normal tissues. The impact of JAC1 on HER2-positive breast cancer cells was studied using colony formation assay. The effect of JAC1 on the localization of HER2 was detected by immunofluorescence microscopy assay. Western blotting, RT-PCR and immunoprecipitation assay were utilized to investigate the mechanisms of JWA regulating HER2. Finally, xenograft mouse models using BT474 cells were established to confirm the effect of JAC1 on tumor growth. Results In this study, we found that JAC1, a small molecule agonist of JWA gene, dose-dependently suppressed HER2-positive breast cancer proliferation in vitro and in vivo . Importantly, the inhibitory roles of JAC1 was due to the degradation of HER2 overexpression. The mechanistic evidences showed JAC1 increased the ubiquitination of HER2 at the K716 through the E3 ubiquitin ligase SMURF1; further, the activation of SMURF1 was due to reduced expression of NEDD4, an E3 ubiquitin ligase for SMURF1. Finally, we identified that the role of JAC1 on NEDD4 was realized through JWA-p38-GATA-1-NEDD4 axis. Conclusions These findings suggest that JAC1 may as a novel therapeutic agent to breast cancer through JWA/p38/GATA-1/NEDD4/SMURF1/HER2 signaling axis.
Proteogenomic analysis of Inhibitor of Differentiation 4 (ID4) in basal-like breast cancer
Authors: Baker Laura A. , Holliday Holly , Roden Daniel , Krisp Christoph , Wu Sunny Z. , Junankar Simon , Serandour Aurelien A. , Mohammed Hisham , Nair Radhika , Sankaranarayanan Geetha , Law Andrew M.K. , McFarland Andrea , Simpson Peter T. , Lakhani Sunil , Dodson Eoin , Selinger Christina , Anderson Lyndal , Samimi Goli , Hacker Neville F. , Lim Elgene , Ormandy Christopher J. , Naylor Matthew J. , Simpson Kaylene , Nikolic Iva , O’Toole Sandra , Kaplan Warren , Cowley Mark J. , Carroll Jason S. , Molloy Mark , Swarbrick Alexander
Published: March 2020

Background Basal-like breast cancer (BLBC) is a poorly characterised, heterogeneous disease. Patients are diagnosed with aggressive, high-grade tumours and often relapse with chemotherapy resistance. Detailed understanding of the molecular underpinnings of this disease is essential to the development of personalised therapeutic strategies. Inhibitor of Differentiation 4 (ID4) is a helix-loop-helix transcriptional regulator required for mammary gland development. ID4 is overexpressed in a subset of BLBC patients, associating with a stem-like poor prognosis phenotype, and is necessary for the growth of cell line models of BLBC, through unknown mechanisms. Methods Here, we have defined unique molecular insights into the function of ID4 in BLBC and the related disease high-grade serous ovarian cancer (HGSOC), by combining RIME proteomic analysis, ChIP-seq mapping of genomic binding sites and RNA-seq. Results These studies reveal novel interactions with DNA damage response proteins, in particular, mediator of DNA damage checkpoint protein 1 (MDC1). Through MDC1, ID4 interacts with other DNA repair proteins (γH2AX and BRCA1) at fragile chromatin sites. ID4 does not affect transcription at these sites, instead binding to chromatin following DNA damage. Analysis of clinical samples demonstrates that ID4 is amplified and overexpressed at a higher frequency in BRCA1 -mutant BLBC compared with sporadic BLBC, providing genetic evidence for an interaction between ID4 and DNA damage repair deficiency. Conclusions These data link the interactions of ID4 with MDC1 to DNA damage repair in the aetiology of BLBC and HGSOC.
Identification of slip surfaces in shallow landslides at Aso volcano, Japan based on the fine fraction-plasticity index relationship
Authors: Istiyanti Mega Lia , Goto Satoshi
Published: March 2020

Shallow landslides have frequently occurred in the Aso volcano, Kyushu island, Japan. Yet, observations of the effects of the physical properties of the soil on the landslide stratigraphy have not been explained. In this study, we conducted field observations—at two landslide sites in the Takadake mountain (Aso volcano) area—to identify the slip surfaces. We found that slip surfaces (at both sites) were located in the lower part of the N3-4 Kuroboku soil layer. This was determined by characteristics of the physical properties of the soil, including particle size distribution and plasticity index. Furthermore, we identified the relationship between plasticity index and the fine fraction of the soil to help explain the identification of slip surfaces. Results showed that Kuroboku and Scoria layers have different characteristics according to the plasticity chart (liquid limit-plasticity index relationship) as well as plasticity index-fine fraction relationship.
Periodized resistance training for persistent non-specific low back pain: A mixed methods feasibility study
Authors: Tjøsvoll Svein O. , Mork Paul J. , Iversen Vegard M. , Rise Marit B. , Fimland Marius S.
Published: March 2020

Background We investigated the feasibility of a 16-week supervised heavy resistance training program with weekly undulating periodization for individuals with persistent non-specific low-back pain (LBP). Methods Twenty-five adults with persistent non-specific LBP participated in this mixed methods feasibility study. Participants trained a whole-body program consisting of squat, bench press, deadlift and pendlay row two times per week for 16 weeks. We assessed pain intensity, pain-related disability, pain self-efficacy and one-repetition maximum strength at baseline, 8 weeks and 16 weeks. Three focus group interviews were conducted at the end of the program. Linear mixed models were used to assess changes in outcomes, and the qualitative data was assessed using systematic text condensation. Results We observed clinically meaningful reductions in pain intensity after 8 and 16 weeks of training. The mean difference on the numeric pain rating scale (0-10) in the last two weeks from baseline to 8 weeks was 2.6 (95% CI: 1.8-3.6) and from baseline to 16 weeks 3.4 (95% CI: 2.5-4.4). In addition, there were improvements in pain-related disability (3.9, 95% CI: 2.3-5.5), pain self-efficacy (7.7, 95% CI: 5.4-10.1) and muscle strength. In the focus group interviews, participants talked about challenges regarding technique, the importance of supervision and the advantages of periodizing the training. Perceived benefits were improved pain, daily functioning, energy level and sleep, and changes in views on physical activity. Conclusion Periodized resistance training with weekly undulating periodization is a feasible training method for this group of individuals with persistent non-specific LBP. A randomized clinical trial should assess the efficacy of such an intervention.
An exploration of the protective mechanism of esmolol on the heart of septic rats based on the beta-adrenergic signaling pathway.
Authors: Li Pan , Liu Jingzhuo , Zhang Xintong , Zhen Lingling , Wang Yingzhen , Dong Xiaorong , Zhang Bei , Luo Shuhang , Ma Li
Published: March 2020

Background Cardiac dysfunction caused by sepsis is a serious challenge for ICU doctors. Previous studies showed that the beta adrenergic receptor (β- AR) signaling pathway system can cause abnormal heart function. Studies have also shown that esmolol, a type of beta blocker, participates in the beta receptor desensitization that occurs. This study intends to further explore the specific mechanism of esmolol in the protection of cardiac function.Method In this study, rats were randomly divided into three groups: Sham (sham operation group), CLP (cecal ligations and function group) and ES (esmolol group). The three groups were divided into two subgroups: A and B. Group A was used to observe the number of survival days. Group B was divided into 6 hours,12 hours and 24 hours according to the time after the operation to take samples, and the rats were sacrificed after the corresponding intervention. The inflammatory factors and the factor of β receptor pathway were measured by different methods. And the hypothesis was verified by statistical methods.Results ELISA tests demonstrated that the levels of inflammatory factors CA,TNF-α, and IL-6, as well as G protein pathway factors AC, CAMP and PKA in the CLP group were significantly higher than those in the Sham group, while those factors in the ES group were significantly lower than those in the CLP group, cardiac function factor cTnI is the opposite. Western blotting showed that, compared with the CLP group, the inflammatory proteins MYD88 and NF-KB in the myocardial tissue of the ES group were significantly decreased, while the levels of the beta receptor pathway proteins β1-AR, β2-AR, β-arrestin-1 and β-arrestin-2 were significantly increased, and the result of β-ARK was the opposite. Pathological results and immunofluorescence results indicated that the degree of myocardial cell injury in the ES group was significantly improved compared with that in the CLP group.Conclusion Esmolol has a protective effect on the heart by selectively preventing the pathologic signaling pathway mediated by overactivation of beta receptors while retaining the normal signaling pathway.
Exploring the impact of Artificial Intelligence and Digital Marketing on Intention to Use Online Transportation: a Lesson Learned from Indonesian Millenials
Authors: Pangkey Franycia Maria , Furkan Lalu M. , Herman Lalu Edy , Agusdin Agusdin
Published: March 2020

This paper aims to investigate the influence of artificial intelligence and digital marketing on consumer buying intention. Artificial intelligence development has revolutionized digital marketing and changed consumer buying intention that boosts sales. Artificial intelligence and digital marketing combine the rapidly developing technologies so that everything is reachable in a simple touch that brings best practice to consumers. This paper uses quantitative approach that was stipulated from previous research on artificial intelligence, digital marketing and consumer buying intention. The analysis was carried out using structural equation modeling (SEM) based on partial least square (PLS), with 74 respondents. The novelty of this paper is that it examines the use in online transportation (Gojek) among the millenials. The results showed that artificial intelligence and digital marketing have positively effects on the buying intention. Practical contributions of this research is to inform service organizations and their management in their business development.
LncRNAs and their regulatory networks in breast muscle tissue of Chinese Gushi chicken during postnatal late development
Authors: Li Yuanfang , Chen Yi , Jin Wenjiao , Zhai Bin , Li Guoxi , Zhang Yanhua , Guo Yujie , Sun Guirong , Han Ruili , Li Zhuanjian , Li Hong , Tian Yadong , Liu Xiaojun , Kang Xiangtao
Published: March 2020

Background: Chicken skeletal muscle is an important economic product. Late stages of chicken development are the main period that affects meat production. LncRNAs play important roles in controlling the epigenetic process of growth and development. However, studies on the role of lncRNAs in the late stages of chicken breast muscle development are still lacking. In this study, in order to study the expression characteristics of lncRNAs during chicken muscle development, 12 cDNA libraries were constructed from Gushi chicken breast muscle samples from 6-, 14-, 22-, and 30-week-old chickens. Results: Therefore, a total of 1,252 new lncRNAs and 1,376 annotated lncRNAs were identified. Furthermore, 53, 61, 50, 153, 117, and 78 DE-lncRNAs were found in the W14 vs. W6, W22 vs. W14, W22 vs. W6, W30 vs. W6, W30 vs. W14 , and W30 vs. W22 comparison groups, respectively. After GO enrichment analysis of the DE-lncRNAs, several muscle development-related GO terms were found in the W22 vs. W14 comparison group. Furthermore, it was found that the MAPK signaling pathway was one of the most frequently enriched pathways in the different comparison groups. In addition, 12 common target DE-miRNAs of DE-lncRNAs were found in different comparison groups, some of which were muscle-specific miRNAs, such as gga-miR-206, gga-miR-1a-3p, and miR-133a-3p. Interestingly, the precursors of four newly identified miRNAs were found to be homologous to lncRNAs. Furthermore, we found some ceRNA networks associated with muscle development-related GO terms. For example, the ceRNA networks containing the DYNLL2 gene with 12 lncRNAs that targeted 2 miRNAs. In addition, we also constructed PPI networks, such as IGF-I - EGF and FZD6 - WNT11 , etc. Conclusions: This study for the first time revealed the dynamic changes of lncRNA expression in Gushi chicken breast muscle at different periods, and reveal the MAPK signaling pathway play a vital role in muscle development. Furthermore, MEF2C and its target lncRNA may be involved in muscle regulation through the MAPK signaling pathway. This research provided valuable resources for elucidating post-transcriptional regulatory mechanisms for postpartum development of chicken breast muscle.
The Age Factor Influencing Long Term Physical Functionality in Stroke Patients Undergoing Intra-arterial Thrombectomy Treatment
Authors: Lu Henry Horng-Shing , Kao Chi-Ling , Lin Chih-Ming , Chang Shu-Wei , Liu Chi-Kuang , Ou Yang-Hao
Published: March 2020

Background The treatment of acute ischemic stroke is heavily time-dependent, and even though, with the most efficient treatment, the long-term functional outcome is still highly variable. In this current study, the authors selected acute ischemic stroke patients who were qualified for intravenous thrombolysis with recombinant tissue plasminogen activator and followed by intra-arterial thrombectomy. With primary outcome defined by the functional level in a one-year follow-up, we hypothesize that patients with older age are at a disadvantage in post-stroke recovery. However, an age-threshold should be determined to help clinicians in selection of patients to undergo such therapy. Methods This is a retrospective chart review study that include 92 stroke patients in Changhua Christian hospital with a total of 68 evaluation indexes recorded. The current study utilized the forward stepwise regression model whose Adj-R2 and p-value in search of important variables for outcome prediction. The chngpt package in R indicated the threshold point of the age factor directing the better future functionality of the stroke patients. Results Datasets revealed the threshold of the age set at 79 the most appropriate. Admission Barthel Index, Age, Ipsi ICA RI, Ipsi VA PI, Contra MCA stenosis, Contra ECA RI, and in-hospital pneumonia are the significant predicting variables. The higher the age, in-hospital pneumonia, Contra MCA stenosis, Ipsi ICA RI and Ipsi VA PI, the less likely patient to recover from functional deficits as the result of acute ischemic stroke; the higher the value of Contra ECA RI and Admission Barthel Index, the better chance to recover at one-year follow up. Conclusions Parameters of pre-intervention datasets could provide important information to aid first-line clinicians in decision making. Especially, in patients whose age is above seventy-nine receives diminish return in the benefit to undergo such intervention and should be considered seriously by both the patients and the physicians.
Chitosan capping enzyme-responsive hollow mesoporous silica nanoplatforms for colon specific drug delivery
Authors: Cai Defu , Han Cuiyan , Liu Chang , Ma Xiaoxing , Qian Jiayi , Zhou Jianwen , Li Yue , Sun Yiming , Zhang Changting , Zhu Wenquan
Published: March 2020

In summary, an enzyme-responsive colon specific drug delivery system was developed based on hollow mesoporous silica sphere (HMSS), in which the biodegradable chitosan (CS) was gated on the openings of HMSS through cleavable azo bonds (HMSS-N=N-CS). Doxorubicin (DOX) was encapsulated into the hollow cavity and mesopores of HMSS, and HMSS-N=N-CS/DOX showed a high loading amount of 35.2%. X-ray diffraction (XRD) experiment proved that the DOX loaded in the HMSS-N=N-CS was in a non–crystalline state. In vitro drug release experiments proved that HMSS-N=N-CS/DOX showed an enzyme-responsive drug release property. The grafted CS could increase the biocompatibility and stability of HMSS, and reduce the protein adsorption on the surface of HMSS. The gastrointestinal mucosa irritation and cell cytotoxicity results indicated the good biocompatibility of HMSS and HMSS-N=N-CS. The confocal laser scanning microscope (CLSM) and flow cytometry technique (FCM) results indicated that the cellular uptake of DOX was obviously increased after the HMSS-N=N-CS/DOX was preincubated with colonic enzyme mixture. Cell viability result indicated that HMSS-N=N-CS/DOX incubated with colon enzyme showed an increased cytotoxicity and the IC50 value was three time less than that of HMSS-N=N-CS/DOX group. The present work will lay the foundation for subsequent research on mesoporous carriers for oral colon-specific drug delivery.
The Relationship between Clinical Dishonesty and Perceived Clinical Stress among Nursing Students in Southeast of Iran
Authors: Rafati Foozieh , Bagherian Behnaz , Mangolian Parvin , Imani-Goghary Zahra
Published: March 2020

Background Clinical dishonesty is a complex problem that threatens the health and safety of patients. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between clinical dishonesty and perceived clinical stress in nursing students. Method This cross sectional correlational study was performed on 395 nursing students from 4 nursing colleges. Data were collected using a demographic information questionnaire, Nursing Student's Perception of Clinical Stressors, and a 12-item researcher-made questionnaire to evaluate the frequency of clinical dishonesty in the past semester, the frequency of witnessing dishonest behavior among peers, and the perceived severity of behavior as unethical behavior. Results In this study, 89.1% of the students had at least one dishonest clinical behavior in the last semester. Frequency of clinical dishonesty was correlated with gender, interest in the field of study, academic year, frequency of observing dishonesty among peers, perceived severity of behaviors as unethical behavior, and perceived stress of students in the clinical setting. Conclusion The frequency of clinical dishonesty among nursing students is high and needs attention. Also, considering the positive relationship between dishonesty and perceived clinical stress, it is essential to teach effective strategies to nursing students to empower them to cope with clinical stress.
Strategies to improve the implementation of nurse-initiated management of antiretroviral therapy (NIMART) training: a systematic review
Authors: Mboweni Sheillah Hlamalani , MAKHADO LUFUNO
Published: March 2020

Background Nurse-Initiated Management of Antiretroviral Therapy ( NIMART) training was introduced with the purpose of improving the knowledge, skills and competence of nurses in providing comprehensive quality care to people living with HIV (PLWH) and facilitating World Health Organisation task-shifting where nurses initiate antiretroviral therapy (ART) rather than doctors to meet the increasing demand of ART drugs. The aim of this review was to identify evidence of training strategies that can improve the implementation and deals with challenges that hinder quality. Methods A measurement tool to assess systematic reviews methodological systematic review tool was used to critically assess selected studies. Studies were sought using multiple databases including CINAHL (EBSCO), Google Scholar, ProQuest, academic journals, SA publications, electronic resources and OAISTER published from January 2012 to February 2017. The initial review of studies yielded 535 results excluding duplications. The screening of full-text articles was conducted, and 33 articles met the eligibility criteria and were included for quality assessment. The rest were excluded. The quality assessment research instrument was used to analyse and synthesise selected full-text articles (n=33). Results The studies indicate that NIMART or HIV training is used interchangeably and has the potential to empower nurses with knowledge and skills. It also has a positive impact on increasing ART uptake; however, nurses still lack confidence and competence to provide comprehensive quality patient-centred care. Studies suggest that a shift from the traditional didactics of lectures or slide presentation methods during training to the use of interactive training strategies that stimulate critical thinking in making decisions about HIV care, followed by mentoring and continuous professional development. Conclusion and recommendation This study reveals that the use of effective training techniques during NIMART training has a positive impact on the learning outcomes, implementation and performance of HIV programmes. The health care system should focus on dealing with barriers that negatively influence NIMART implementation. Given the lack of a framework or model related to NIMART or HIV training, the study recommends the development of a conceptual framework to strengthens the implementation of NIMART training.
Gut microbiome is associated with thyroid nodule and functions
Authors: Ding Suying , Li Ang , Li Tiantian , Gao Xinxin , Yan Hang , Wang Yu , Chen Jingfeng , Jiao Mengfan , Ren Zhigang , Shi Qingmiao , Huang Meng , Wang Lin , Li Jingmei , Dong Yihan , Jia Zhuqing , Zhang Lihua , Feng Qing , Han Huandi , Yang Xiang , Li Yang , Rao Benchen , Yin Detao , Li Hongqiang , Ma Runsheng , Zeng Qiang , Yu Zujiang
Published: March 2020

Background: Thyroid nodule affects nearly half of the adult population. Accumulating evidence suggests that gut microbiota plays an important role in the thyroid disorders and functions, yet the association between gut microbiota capacity and thyroid nodule and function have not been studied comprehensively.Methods: We performed a gut microbiota whole-genome wide association study in 537 thyroid nodule participants and 725 controls from the general Chinese population. Thyroid nodules were with the Thyroid Imaging Reporting and Data System assessment.Results: Participants with the highest grade thyroid nodule had decreased gut microbial species and functional richness compared with controls and thyroid nodule with lower grade. Microbiota composition of the low-grade thyroid nodule was similar to that in controls rather than high-grade thyroid nodule. We found significant alternations of overall microbial functional composition in high-grade thyroid nodule but not the species composition, only a small portion of microbioal species were associated with high-grade thyroid nodule. The high-grade thyroid nodule gut microbiome was characterized by greater amino acid degradation and glycolysis, also with fewer Butyrivibrio and lower butyric acid production. Thyroid functions were positively associated with L-histidine and L-tyrosine related biosynthesis pathways, which are essential components of thyrotropin-releasing hormone and thyroxine, also corelated with broad nutrition metabolism pathways including fatty acids, B family vitamins and nucleotides. High-grade thyroid nodule discrimination models based on the gut microbiome and demography were validated using 294 independent samples and showed stable classification power.Conclusion: Our study comprehensively described the gut microbiome characteristics in thyroid nodule and suggested potiental role of the key gut microbiota-driven functional pathways in thyroid nodule and functions metabolism.
Seed and Seedling Nursery Characteristics for 10 USDA Citrus Rootstocks
Authors: Bisi Rayane Barcelos , Albrecht Ute , Bowman Kim D.
Published: March 2020

Six new hybrid rootstocks, ‘US-1279’, ‘US-1281’, ‘US-1282’, ‘US-1283’, ‘US-1284’, and ‘US-1516’, were released from the U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) citrus breeding program to provide improved tree tolerance to huanglongbing (HLB), the most destructive disease facing the citrus industry in the United States and many other parts of the world. Five of these new rootstocks were released based on field performance in trials with the rootstocks propagated by stem cuttings, rather than the traditional propagation using nucellar seedlings. In this study, we evaluated the fruit, seed, and seedling characteristics of these new rootstocks, along with four other USDA rootstocks of commercial importance. The study included a determination of the percentage of true-to-type and off-type seedlings by both plant morphology and simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers. All 10 rootstocks produced an acceptable number of seeds and good seedling emergence from those seeds. The rootstocks ‘Swingle’, ‘US-802’, ‘US-812’, ‘US-1283’, ‘US-1284’, and ‘US-1516’ had a high percentage of true-to-type seedlings and correspondingly good potential to be propagated by seeds. However, no true-to-type plants were observed among seedlings from the rootstocks ‘US-1279’, ‘US-1281’, and ‘US-1282’, indicating that economical seed propagation will be impossible for these cultivars. The 10 SSR marker sets used in this study were observed to easily differentiate the 10 rootstocks studied, and readily distinguished true-to-type and off-type seedlings among progeny from all 10 rootstock clones. This study presents information of significant value for commercial nurseries involved in propagation of citrus rootstocks, and those involved in citrus rootstock breeding and development around the world. We propose the use of these 10 SSR marker sets as readily applicable for accurate identification of most citrus rootstock cultivars and their true-to-type seedlings.