bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A comparison of methods for determining field evapotranspiration: photosynthesis system, sap flow, and eddy covariance
Authors: Zhang Z. , Tian F. , Hu H. , Yang P.
Published: March 2014

Abstract. A multi-scale, multi-technique study was conducted to measure evapotranspiration and its components in a cotton field under mulched drip irrigation conditions in northwestern China. Three measurement techniques at different scales were used: a photosynthesis system (leaf scale), sap flow (plant scale), and eddy covariance (field scale). The experiment was conducted from July to September 2012. To upscale the evapotranspiration from the leaf to plant scale, an approach that incorporated the canopy structure and the relationships between sunlit and shaded leaves was proposed. To upscale the evapotranspiration from the plant to field scale, an approach based on the transpiration per unit leaf area was adopted and modified to incorporate the temporal variability in the relationship between leaf areas and stem diameter. At the plant scale, the estimate of the transpiration based on the photosynthesis system with upscaling was slightly higher (18%) than that obtained by sap flow. At the field scale, the estimates of transpiration derived from sap flow with upscaling and eddy covariance showed reasonable consistency during the cotton's open-boll growth stage, during which soil evaporation can be neglected. The results indicate that the proposed upscaling approaches are reasonable and valid. Based on the measurements and upscaling approaches, evapotranspiration components were analyzed for a cotton field under mulched drip irrigation. During the two analyzed sub-periods in July and August, evapotranspiration rates were 3.94 and 4.53 m day−1, respectively. The fraction of transpiration to evapotranspiration reached 87.1% before drip irrigation and 82.3% after irrigation. The high fraction of transpiration over evapotranspiration was principally due to the mulched film above the drip pipe, low soil water content in the inter-film zone, well-closed canopy, and high water requirement of the crop.
A hydro-sedimentary modeling system for flash flood propagation and hazard estimation under different agricultural practices
Authors: Kourgialas N. N. , Karatzas G. P.
Published: March 2014

Abstract. A modeling system for the estimation of flash flood flow velocity and sediment transport is developed in this study. The system comprises three components: (a) a modeling framework based on the hydrological model HSPF, (b) the hydrodynamic module of the hydraulic model MIKE 11 (quasi-2-D), and (c) the advection–dispersion module of MIKE 11 as a sediment transport model. An important parameter in hydraulic modeling is the Manning's coefficient, an indicator of the channel resistance which is directly dependent on riparian vegetation changes. Riparian vegetation's effect on flood propagation parameters such as water depth (inundation), discharge, flow velocity, and sediment transport load is investigated in this study. Based on the obtained results, when the weed-cutting percentage is increased, the flood wave depth decreases while flow discharge, velocity and sediment transport load increase. The proposed modeling system is used to evaluate and illustrate the flood hazard for different riparian vegetation cutting scenarios. For the estimation of flood hazard, a combination of the flood propagation characteristics of water depth, flow velocity and sediment load was used. Next, a well-balanced selection of the most appropriate agricultural cutting practices of riparian vegetation was performed. Ultimately, the model results obtained for different agricultural cutting practice scenarios can be employed to create flood protection measures for flood-prone areas. The proposed methodology was applied to the downstream part of a small Mediterranean river basin in Crete, Greece.
Brief communication "The magnitude 7.2 Bohol earthquake, Philippines"
Authors: Lagmay A. M. F. , Eco R.
Published: March 2014

Abstract. A devastating earthquake struck Bohol, Philippines on 15 October 2013. The earthquake originated at 12 km depth from an unmapped reverse fault, which manifested on the surface for several kilometers and with maximum vertical displacement of 3 m. The earthquake resulted in 222 fatalities with damage to infrastructure estimated at US52.06 million. Widespread landslides and sinkholes formed in the predominantly limestone region during the earthquake. These remain a significant threat to communities as destabilized hillside slopes, landslide-dammed rivers and incipient sinkholes are still vulnerable to collapse, triggered possibly by aftershocks and heavy rains in the upcoming months of November and December.
One plausible reason for the change in ENSO characteristics in the 2000s
Authors: Stepanov V. N.
Published: March 2014

Abstract. It is well known that El Niño Southern Oscillation (ENSO) causes floods, droughts in different regions of the Earth and the collapse of fisheries in the tropical Pacific, therefore forecasting of ENSO is an important task in climate researches. Variations in the equatorial warm water volume of the tropical Pacific and wind variability in the western equatorial Pacific has been considered to be a good ENSO predictor. However, in the 2000s, the interrelationship between these two characteristics and ENSO onsets became weak. This article attempts to find some plausible explanation for this. The results presented here demonstrate a possible link between the variability of atmospheric conditions over the Southern Ocean and their impact on the ocean circulation leading to the amplifying of ENSO events. It is shown that the variability of the atmospheric conditions upstream of Drake Passage can strongly influence ENSO events. The interrelationship between ENSO and variability in the equatorial warm water volume of the equatorial Pacific, together with wind variability in the western equatorial Pacific has recently weakened. It can be explained by the fact that the process occurred in the Southern Ocean recently became a major contributor amplifying ENSO events (in comparison with the processes of interaction between the atmosphere and the ocean in the tropics of the Pacific). Likely it is due to a warmer ocean state observed from the end of the 1990s that led to smaller atmospheric variability in the tropics and insignificant their changes in the Southern Ocean.
New combinations in Trichoderma (Hypocreaceae , Hypocreales)
Authors: Jaklitsch Walter M. , Voglmayr Hermann
Published: March 2014

A bstract — Unitary nomenclature demands the use of a single name for pleomorphic fungi determined according to priority. For this reason combinations in Trichoderma are here provided for 46 species for which such a combination is lacking. Although many more such species
are known, only those are included here that are dealt with in more recent papers and where some DNA data are available in GenBank, even if erroneous; for other species it is strongly recommended to consult databases like Index Fungorum or MycoBank. Information on types is provided for most
species, and representative cultures, GenBank accessions for tef1 and rpb2 , and important references are given for all species.
Hyphomycetes: Linodochium sinense sp. nov. and new records from fallen Sycopsis sinensis leaves in China
Authors: Li De-Wei , Chen Jingyuan , Wang Yixun
Published: March 2014

Among hyphomycetes collected from dead leaves of Sycopsis sinensis in Houhe National Nature Reserve, Wufeng, Hubei, China, a sporodochial fungus new to science, Linodochium sinense, is described and illustrated. It develops yellow conidiomata and 2-celled conidia that
are filiform, colorless, smooth, 34–40 × 1.1–1.5 μm. Candelabrum microsporum, Chalara affinis, Cylindrocladium madagascariense, and Subulispora britannica are new records from China, while Menisporopsis novae-zelandiae is newly reported
from mainland China.
Phytophthora virginiana sp. nov., a high-temperature tolerant species from irrigation water in Virginia
Authors: Yang Xiao , Hong Chuanxue
Published: March 2014

Isolates belonging to a previously unknown species of Phytophthora were recovered from irrigation reservoirs at several ornamental plant nurseries in Virginia. Morphological features of this species include abundant lateral chlamydospores in clarified V8 juice agar and carrot
agar and terminal, ovoid to obpyriform, nonpapillate and noncaducous sporangia in soil water extract. All tested isolates are silent A1 mating type. They did not produce any sexual structures but induced A2 mating type testers of P. cinnamomi and P. cryptogea
to produce gametangia. Sequence analysis of the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region confirmed that this species belongs to the high-temperature tolerant cluster within Phytophthora clade 9. Its ITS sequence differs from those of its two closest relatives, P. hydropathica
and P. parsiana, by >26 bp. Based on these morphological, physiological, and molecular characteristics, we recognise it as a new species, described here as Phytophthora virginiana.
New records of Puccinia on Poaceae from Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
Authors: Ishaq A. , Afshan N.S. , Khalid A.N.
Published: March 2014

Puccinia arthraxonis-ciliaris and P. pseudocesatii were collected from Khyber Pakhtunkhwa and are new records for Pakistan.
Colletotrichum fructicola, first record of bitter rot of apple in China
Authors: Fu Dan-Dan , Wang Wei , Qin Rui-Feng , Zhang Rong , Sunb Guang-Yu , Gleason Mark L.
Published: March 2014

Colletotrichum fructicola, isolated from diseased apple fruit with bitter rot symptoms collected in orchards of Henan Province, is a new record for China. It also represents a new pathogen species for apple bitter rot. Phylogeny inferred from combined data sets of the complete
rDNA ITS1-5.8S-ITS2 region, partial actin (ACT), β-tubulin-2 (TUB2) and glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GPDH) confirmed that the fungus should be included within C. fructicola, and this grouping was also congruent with morphology and culture characteristics.
Peniophora hallenbergii sp. nov. from India
Authors: Samita  , Dhingra G.S.
Published: March 2014

A new corticioid species, Peniophora hallenbergii, is described on a stick of Rosa indica from Uttarakhand state in India.
Buelliella, Codonmyces, and Polycoccum species new to Turkey
Authors: Yazıcı Kenan , Etayo Javier
Published: March 2014

Three species of lichenicolous fungi are reported as new to Turkey: Buelliella poetschii and Codonmyces lecanorae (both also new to Asia) and Polycoccum pulvinatum. Short descriptions are presented, including geographic distribution, host, and a comparison with
similar taxa.
Entocybe haastii from Watagans National Park, New South Wales, Australia
Authors: Bergemann Sarah E. , Largent David L. , Abell-Davis Sandra E.
Published: March 2014

Entocybe haastii comb. nov. (º Entoloma haastii) is distinguished by isodiametric minutely rounded pustulate-angular basidiospores, a dark blue black to nearly black pileus that lacks brown tones, dark blue grey lamellae, an appressed fibrillose blackish blue stipe,
intracellular pigment in the pileipellis and inflated hyphae in the outer pileal trama, and the faintly parietal pigment on narrow pileal tramal hyphae.
Você é o que você veste? A associação da autoidentidade do gay masculino ao vestuário de luxo
Authors: Altaf Joyce Gonçalves , Troccoli Irene Raguenet , Moreira Mara Bastos
Published: March 2014

The emergence of the identity of the homosexual modern consumer, favored by the social, economic and psychological conditions produced by capitalism, allowed homosexuals to feel free to express their identity, among other ways through the use of products and services. Thus, understanding what stimulates the consumption of a specific product category by this market niche is no doubt of great importance for the companies that intend to serve this public, considering their attractive consumption profile. This stimulated this exploratory qualitative study, that seeked to identify the relationship between luxury clothing consumption by homosexual men and the development of their extended self, and well as their self image construction. The four steps of the research, done with 12 men, were   literature review,  in-depth interviews,  the filling of two forms (one with Likert scale and the other with a semantic scale), and the analysis of the results. The conclusion is that self concept directly influences the buying behavior of male homosexuals, and that most of the interviewees actually use luxury brands clothes to compose their extended selves.
Assédio moral no trabalho: um estudo sobre as práticas de prevenção e combate ao fenômeno em empresas do norte do Paraná
Authors: Teixeira Rubens De França , Reis Marcia Cristina dos , Santos Luís Miguel Luzio dos
Published: March 2014

Moral Harassment, besides being a great challenge for the field of people management, is considered a serious problem within organizations, because it indicates, in most cases, the structural failures resulting from deliberate action or omission from the responsible managers. The discussion of the matter is of great importance, since it allows for stimulating debate about the causes of the incidence of moral harassment in the workplace as well as possible strategies to prevent the problem. Accordingly, this study aimed to conduct a survey of companies operating in the north of Paraná, in order to have a parameter of how they are experiencing moral harassment and how they are trying to fight it. To examine the raised issues, we opted for a non-probabilistic intentional sample, composed of five major companies that received awards in recent years directed to their people management policies. This criterion was relevant as companies sought to possess Human Resources policies that have proven effective along with explicit concern for the quality of life of employees and their working environment. The results showed that these organizations have a range of policies that address the relationships among employees in the workplace and these are considered strong instruments for the prevention of moral harassment. However, they do not have specific policies to fight the discussed phenomenon.
Anotações teórico-metodológicas do trabalho com fontes visuais e audiovisuais em pesquisas com Histórias de Vida e Memoriais de Formação
Authors: Abrahão Maria Helena Menna Barreto
Published: March 2014

http://dx.doi.org/10.5902/1984644411341O texto explicita a reflexão teórica quefundamenta a utilização de fotografias, videofilmes e filmes em pesquisas com Histórias de Vida e Memoriais de Formação. Após referir pesquisas nas quais utilizamos esse suporte desde 1988, laboramos com dois pares complementares de dimensões teóricas da narratividade de fontes visuais e audiovisuais e seu emprego empírico nessas pesquisas, – Subjetividade/verdade e espaço/tempo. Essas dimensões são trabalhadas, com apoio em Barthes (1984), para propor um esforço interpretativo das referidas fontes nacompreensão daessência da fotografia segundo o fotografoe daessência da fotografia segundo o fotografado tramadas à essência da fotografia segundo o pesquisador. Os constructos barthesianos studium e punctum são aplicados à leitura das narrativas do material fotográfico e fílmico de que as pesquisas dispõem, alcançando no material de análise a expressão mais radical do puctum barthesiano: a morte real ou representacional do referente que serve às fotos e filmes. A discussão dessas dimensões para a análise de fontes (áudio)visuais é complementada com apoio de diversos autores.
Narrativas autobiográficas e representações: o entrelaçar de histórias docentes
Authors: Pacheco Cláudia Regina Costa
Published: March 2014

http://dx.doi.org/10.5902/1984644411342Este trabalho analisa os conceitos de autoridade e autoritarismo através de narrativas autobiográficas de professoras de escolas de educação básica do município de Santa Maria RS e das representações sociais. Fez-se uso de uma pesquisa de cunho bibliográfico. Utilizou-se da teoria das Representações Sociais e também da História Oral. O artigo divide-se em cinco partes. A primeira delas, aborda a História Oral como possibilidade de contar uma história do mundo contemporâneo. Na segunda, discute-se a Teoria das Representações Sociais como uma decodificação da vida cotidiana. Maffesoli (1998), na terceira parte, questiona o que seria melhor representar ou apresentar na construção da realidade. A quarta parte, reflete sobre as falas docentes e a bibliografia estudada. A última parte traz as falas dos professores sobre os conceitos de autoridade e autoritarismo docente.
Narrativas de crianças sobre as escolas da infância: cenários e desafios da pesquisa (auto)biográfica
Authors: Passeggi Maria da Conceição , Furlanetto Ecleide Cunico , Conti Luciane De , Chaves Iduina Edite Mont´Alverne , Gomes Marineide De Oliveira , Gabriel Gilvete Lima , Rocha Simone Maria Da
Published: March 2014

http://dx.doi.org/10.5902/1984644411345Este trabalho focaliza narrativas de crianças de 04 a 10 anos de idade e investiga como elas dão sentido às experiênciasvividas na escola. A reflexão resulta de um projeto de pesquisa interinstitucional, realizado em escolas de Natal, São Paulo, Recife, Niterói e Boa Vista. Para a recolha das fontes, optou-se por rodas de conversas com grupos de cinco crianças que dialogavam com um pequeno alienígena, em cujo planeta não tinha escolas. Das análises emergem consensos e tensões entre modos de ser criança e modos de ser aluno, que afetam suas relações com o brincar e o aprender; o fazer ou não fazer amigos; ser ou não ser criança. Ao narrar, elas ressignificamsuas experiências e contribuem para a compreensão das escolas da infância como lugar em que a criança se constitui (ou não) como sujeito de direito.
EDUCAÇÃO INTEGRAL E A PERSPECTIVA HISTÓRICO-CRÍTICA: APROXIMAÇÕES POSSÍVEIS
Authors: Pattaro Rita De Cássia Ventura , Machado Vera Lúcia De Carvalho
Published: March 2014

http://dx.doi.org/10.5902/198464444796  Considerando a importância da concepção e da prática de educação integral na história da educação brasileira, torna-se essencial entendê-la em sua plenitude para compreender suas proposições e de que maneira elas contribuem para a mudança social, brm como para uma formação completa das novas gerações. Por isso, este texto objetiva compreender as aproximações possíveis entre a concepção de educação integral e a perspectiva histórico-crítica, desenvolvida peloeducador Dermeval Saviani, correlacionando ambas com a jornada escolar ampliada. Foi utilizada a metodologia de pesquisa bibliográfica para a análise de uma teoria que é produto de reflexões e discussões com autores que se aproximam por terem o mesmo ideal de educação integral. Espera-se contribuir para as discussões sobre a implementação da política educacional de educação integral em tempo integral, balizadas pela perspectiva histórico-crítica.
O QUE PODE FAZER UM ESTAGIÁRIO DE PSICOLOGIA NA ESCOLA? PROBLEMATIZANDO PRATICA E A FORMAÇÃO PROFISSIONAL
Authors: Patias Naiana Dapieve , Abaid Josiane Lieberknecht Wathier
Published: March 2014

http://dx.doi.org/10.5902/198464444817A psicologia escolar é uma ênfase de trabalho do psicólogo dedicada a integrar ações que facilitem a aprendizagem e o desenvolvimento de todos os atores envolvidos no contexto educacional. O psicólogo tem a função de rever constantemente as concepções e práticas profissionais de modo que elas possam dar conta da complexidade dessa realidade, ampliando a concepção da queixa escolar para que se identifiquem os demais fatores associados a estas queixas. Este trabalho apresenta um relato de intervenções realizadas durante um estágio em psicologia escolar em uma Escola Municipal de Ensino Fundamental do interior do RS. Dentre as intervenções realizadas estão a orientação psicossocial a pais, professores e alunos; trabalho com grupos na escola; acompanhamento psicológico e intervenções nas turmas. A partir dessas ações, percebeu-se a necessidade inicial de conscientização em relação ao papel do psicólogo nesse contexto, e maior aceitação de um trabalho não exclusivamente clínico, por parte da comunidade escolar. Todos demonstraram interesse em atividades preventivas quanto às dificuldades escolares e emocionais. Discutem-se as práticas do psicólogo e do estagiário de Psicologia nesse contexto no que diz respeito à educação e à saúde em sentido amplo.
REPRESENTAÇÕES DE CRIANÇAS SOBRE A NATUREZA A PARTIR DE UMA PERSPECTIVA ECOLÓGICA - AFETIVAMENTE AMPLIADA - DA VIDA
Authors: Loos-Sant'Ana Helga , Lima Camila Silva de
Published: March 2014

http://dx.doi.org/10.5902/198464445470Parte-se de uma perspectiva sistêmica, que promulga que a educação ambiental não seja vista como um conjunto de atividades de caráter informativo relativas à “utilização racional dos recursos da Natureza” – mas, antes, que o ser humano volte a ser capaz de desenvolver um sentimento de pertencimento à Natureza, e, consequentemente, a cultivar relações de respeito e afeto para com todos os seres (sejam eles humanos ou não). Defende-se, assim, que a crise ambiental atual é, antes de tudo, uma crise relacional, portanto, do âmbito da afetividade, vista de maneira ampliada. O presente estudo, de caráter qualitativo, objetivou identificar representações e afetos relacionados à Natureza entre nove crianças de seis e sete anos, estudantes da 1ª e 2ª série do Ensino Fundamental, no município de Curitiba/PR. A coleta de dados compreendeu quatro atividades principais: Desenho da natureza; Dinâmica “Tesouro no bosque”; Todos dependem de todos (“Teia da Vida”); e Contando uma história. Nos desenhos, todas as crianças apresentaram uma visão naturalista da Natureza. Foi evidenciada, nas demais atividades, a ligação biofílica e topofílica das crianças com o bosque da escola, o que pode ter influenciado a inserção da própria imagem no desenho. Entretanto, notam-se conflitos relativos à questão do pertencimento do homem e de seus produtos à Natureza. Nas dinâmicas de grupo as crianças demonstraram sensibilidade à situação de dependência do humano em relação aos demais seres do mundo. Conclui-se que tais tipos de atividades são de inegável riqueza para o desenvolvimento de relações afetivas saudáveis com o meio ambiente.
GOLDEN5: UMA PROPOSTA DE CONSTRUÇÃO DE UM BOM AMBIENTE DE APRENDIZAGEM
Authors: Souza Rita De Cássia de , Rodriguez Maria Jose Lera
Published: March 2014

http://dx.doi.org/10.5902/198464446954O Programa de intervenção educativa Golden5 foi criado em 2004 por uma equipe internacional visando melhorar o clima escolar no ensino secundário que passava por dificuldades semelhantes em vários países.  Atualmente, seu uso tem se estendido para escolas infantis, primárias e atividades extraescolares para alunos com dificuldades escolares. Seu objetivo é melhorar o ambiente escolar a partir da intervenção docente. Para tanto, oferece aos professores um conjunto de ferramentas e habilidades que auxiliam a compreender o funcionamento do grupo e geri-lo de forma mais adequada. Vários estudos realizados acerca da aplicação do Golden5 em vários países, incluindo avaliações internas e externas ao Programa, mostraram resultados muito positivos. Apesar disso, é preciso considerar que sua aplicação depende da motivação e eficiência dos professores e isso certamente interfere nos resultados.
PERFIL DO ALUNO DE PSICOPEDAGOGIA
Authors: Peres Maria Regina
Published: March 2014

http://dx.doi.org/10.5902/198464448480Os cursos de pós-graduação lato sensu, dentre eles o de psicopedagogia, têm apresentado uma crescente demanda nos últimos anos. Pouco  se sabe  sobre quem são os profissionais que procuram esses cursos. Realizamos um estudo com 251 alunos ingressantes no curso de psicopedagogia  durante os anos de 2005 a 2012, pretendendo-se conhecer o perfil destes alunos e também os seus objetivos. Utilizamos um questionário de sondagem sobre a formação inicial do aluno, a sua atuação, experiência e  futuras intenções. Os resultados indicaram que a maioria dos alunos são pedagogos que atuam como professores  e  objetivam alcançar melhorias na prática profissional. Concluiu-se que estes profissionais estão em busca de metodologias alternativas de trabalho que possam se reverter em melhorias educacionais. Palavras-chave: educação,  prática profissional, metodologias.
Condições de trabalho docente: novas tessituras das políticas de avaliação para a qualidade
Authors: Nardi Elton Luiz , Schneider Marilda Pasqual
Published: March 2014

http://dx.doi.org/10.5902/198464449123O artigo tem por objetivo analisar ações que implicam o trabalho docente, nomeadamente as que se referem às condições objetivas de trabalho e de emprego, tendo em conta novas tessituras das políticas de avaliação para a qualidade da educação básica implicadas no Ideb. Examina dados de questionários e entrevistas com gestores escolares e docentes do ensino fundamental, destinados a levantar ações delineadas entre 2010 e 2012, com vistas à melhoria da qualidade educacional. Assinala que, embora muitas ações informadas impliquem as condições de trabalho, a maioria delas focaliza condições objetivas e foi traçada tendo o Ideb como fator mobilizador. Conclui que o protagonismo a que a escola é chamada a exercer concentra-se na produção de resultados visando metas nacionais que têm asseverado as já difíceis condições de trabalho dos docentes. Palavras-chave: políticas de avaliação, Ideb, condições de trabalho docente.
The Importance of SCADA in Improving Operations and Ensuring Better Public Health
Authors: Cairns Jim
Published: March 2014

SCADA's bottom‐line benefits can equal ‐ and exceed ‐ its scientific and technological advantages.
Use Existing Technology to Build a Smart Water Network
Authors: Simonsen Adam
Published: March 2014

The capabilities of a smart water network are within the grasp of most utilities, but they need to seize the opportunity.
Les classes moyennes dans l’espace urbain
Authors: Bacqué Marie-Hélène , Vermeersch Stéphanie
Published: March 2014

Cet article se propose de revenir sur les comportements urbains des classes moyennes à partir d’un travail empirique conduit dans la métropole parisienne. Essayant de dépasser la dichotomie ente l’ouverture sociale d’un côté et recherche de l’entre-soi de l’autre, il analyse les choix résidentiels et les pratiques de l’espace des ménages à différentes échelles. Si l’espace de résidence garde toute sa valeur sociale et de classement, les classes moyennes ont comme spécificité, tout en évoluant dans un univers de contrainte, de parvenir à utiliser les ressources d’un espace fortement diversifié, à ses différentes échelles, pour se construire un environnement résidentiel adéquat. A contrario, une des dimensions de la ségrégation pour les classes populaires est alors sans doute qu’elles sont beaucoup moins en capacité de jouer avec les échelles et les lieux et de mettre la contrainte à distance.
Sociologie des villes, sociologie du logement
Authors: Fijalkow Yankel
Published: March 2014

L’étude théorique des liens entre la sociologie urbaine et la sociologie du logement ne renvoie pas seulement à des échelles différentes d’investigation scientifique. En sociologie urbaine, la manière dont le logement est pris en compte dans l’étude du changement le réduit trop souvent à un élément de l’économie urbaine ou le dissout dans l’observation des territoires. Ainsi, les deux modèles explicatifs les plus classiques du changement urbain opposent d’une part un paradigme de causalité structurelle et d’autre part un modèle d’analyse territoriale s’appuyant sur des matériaux descriptifs des pratiques des groupes sociaux locaux. Après avoir montré l’importance et les limites des deux modèles, cet article montre comment pour l’étude de la gentrification d’un quartier parisien, la Goutte d’Or, l’histoire du peuplement du parc de logement s’avère un paramètre indispensable pour mieux comprendre les mutations sociales de la ville et leurs conséquences.
La solidarité métropolitaine à l’épreuve des politiques
Authors: Négrier Emmanuel , Tomàs Mariona
Published: March 2014

Dans cet article, notre propos est de cerner l’influence de la variable politique dans la production d’une solidarité métropolitaine. Nous l’abordons selon une double comparaison entre la France et l’Espagne qui ont connu des phases de centralisation et de décentralisation de la question métropolitaine. Une première comparaison nationale nous fait cerner les ambivalences politiques de l’État sur la question métropolitaine. Une deuxième comparaison, entre deux récits métropolitains distincts (Montpellier et Barcelone), nous permet d’identifier le poids de cette variable politique lorsqu’on observe, dans le temps et dans la pluralité des échelles de pouvoir, les conditions de la solidarité métropolitaine. Si la variable politique ne doit pas être surestimée — au sens où tout serait politique dans les métropoles, et où l’économie en serait le simple jouet —, elle ne doit pas non plus être sous-évaluée. Nous proposons, en quelque sorte, de remettre la politique à sa place.
Partir à Londres… pour favoriser l’insertion professionnelle en France
Authors: Santelli Emmanuelle
Published: March 2014

Dans un contexte d’accroissement des migrations des Français vers Londres, cet article s’attache à comprendre les motivations de jeunes adultes français d’origine maghrébine qui entreprennent cette mobilité dans l’objectif de favoriser leur insertion professionnelle. Une partie de ces jeunes bénéficient en France d’un dispositif d’encouragement à la mobilité internationale. Initié par une mission locale qui accompagne ces jeunes tout au long de leur mobilité, ils sont accueillis par une structure française basée à Londres qui leur propose des annonces d’emploi et de logement. A partir de leur base de données, la première partie de l’article traite des caractéristiques des jeunes selon qu’ils partent dans le cadre d’un dispositif d’accompagnement à la mobilité, ou non. Les premiers subissent plus encore que les seconds une situation à l’égard de l’emploi marquée par la précarité. Ils ne se situent pas non plus au même stade de leur cycle de vie. Ensemble de résultats qui sont confortés et approfondis par l’analyse des entretiens biographiques réalisés avec des jeunes partis quelques mois à Londres. La seconde partie de l’article comporte trois sections reposant sur l’analyse du matériau qualitatif et permet d’aborder leurs motivations à partir, comment à travers cette expérience ils découvrent leur francité et un nouveau mode de vie. Procurant de nouvelles références, c’est tout le processus d’entrée dans la vie adulte qui s’en trouve affecté. Toutefois, cette mobilité est le plus souvent accomplie dans l’idée de favoriser leur insertion professionnelle en France. Loin d’engager une mobilité signe d’une prise de distance, elle marque au contraire leur souhait de partir « pour mieux revenir », car ils sont profondément attachés à leur région d’origine et aux liens familiaux.
Vivre loin de ses parents quand on est un jeune adulte : quel effet sur le lien de confidence?
Authors: Viry Gil , Nada Éva
Published: March 2014

Dans cet article, nous analysons dans quelle mesure les jeunes adultes mentionnent moins leurs parents comme des partenaires importants de discussion lorsqu’ils vivent éloignés d’eux. À partir d’un échantillon représentatif des jeunes de 18 à 34 ans vivant en Suisse, nous montrons que, d’une manière générale, les jeunes vivant à distance de leurs parents ne sont pas moins nombreux à partager un lien de confidence avec eux. Toutefois, le lien avec les parents est particulièrement sensible à la distance dans le cas des jeunes femmes ayant elles-mêmes des enfants. Pour une jeune femme, avoir un enfant augmente les chances de citer sa mère ou son père comme confidents en situation de proximité géographique et les diminue en cas d’éloignement. De plus, les jeunes mères éloignées de leur milieu d’origine ne trouvent pas ailleurs le soutien affectif qu’elles trouvent habituellement dans la proximité spatiale avec leurs parents. Associée à certains évènements familiaux, la distance géographique contribue dès lors à reconfigurer les dynamiques relationnelles et à renforcer les inégalités de genre au sein des familles. Plus généralement, ces résultats soulignent l’importance d’accorder davantage d’attention à la mobilité et à la distance géographique dans les recherches sur la famille et les relations intergénérationnelles.
‘Carven stone and blazoned pane’: The Design and Construction of the John Rylands Library
Authors: Hodgson John
Published: March 2014

The John Rylands Library is an outstanding example of neo-Gothic architecture,
and is without parallel in Britain as a memorial library. This article situates
the Library‘s foundation at the close of the nineteenth century within the
economic and cultural development of Manchester, the worlds first industrial
city, and within wider trends in library history. Enriqueta Rylands‘s aims in
establishing the Library are analysed, as well as her influence on the design
and construction of the building. The article includes a detailed examination of
the iconography of the building and the innovative use of building services
technology designed to protect the remarkable collections that were amassed by
Mrs Rylands. Later developments are also treated, including the most recent
‘Unlocking the Rylands’ project, 2000-07.
‘Here, by experiment’: Edgar Wood in Middleton
Authors: Morris David
Published: March 2014

Edgar Wood and Middleton are closely entwined. Until his fifties, Wood engaged in
the life of his native town, while his architecture gradually enriched its
heritage. The paper begins with Woods character and gives an insight into his
wider modus operandi with regard to fellow practitioners. A stylistic appraisal
of his surviving Middleton area buildings draws attention to his individual
development of Arts and Crafts architecture, a pinnacle of which was Long Street
Methodist Church and Schools. The impact of J. Henry Sellers is examined, and
the emergence of their subsequent modernism is traced through a number of
pioneering designs. Stylistic connections with Charles Rennie Mackintosh of
Glasgow and the Viennese architect Josef Hoffmann imply that Woods experiments
were sometimes part of a wider stylistic development. Finally, a small cluster
of Middleton houses summarizes Woods architectural journey, illustrating his
incremental transition from Arts and Crafts to early Modern Movement
architecture.
John Cassidy, Manchester Sculptor, and his Patrons: Their Contribution to Manchester Life and Landscape
Authors: Hulme Charles
Published: March 2014

John Cassidy, born in Ireland and trained as a sculptor at the Manchester School
of Art, was a popular figure in the Manchester area during his long career. From
1887, when he spent the summer modelling for visitors at the Royal Jubilee
Exhibition, to the 1930s he was a frequent choice for portrait busts, statues
and relief medallions. Elected to the Manchester Academy of Fine Arts, he also
created imaginative works in all sorts of materials, many of which appeared at
the Academys annual exhibitions. He gained public commissions from other towns
and cities around Britain, and after World War I created several war memorials.
This essay examines his life and work in Manchester, with particular reference
to two major patrons, Mrs Enriqueta Rylands and James Gresham. A list of public
works still to be seen in Greater Manchester is included.
The Mystery of the Wray Castle Library Panelling and Manchester Central Library
Authors: Woodcock Sarah
Published: March 2014

A quest for information concerning one of the missing room interiors of Wray
Castle, a Gothic villa near Windermere in Cumbria, built for a Liverpool surgeon
in the 1840s, curiously led the National Trust to the wonderfully contrasting
neo-classical Manchester Central Library, designed by E. Vincent Harris and
completed in 1934. A trawl through the records revealed a keen donor but a
reluctant architect. Sixteenth-and seventeenth-century carved oak panels from
the library of Wray Castle were removed and donated for use in the new Central
Library by the Lord Mayor of Manchester, Sir Robert Noton Barclay, before he
gave the castle to the National Trust. Archive material held at Manchester shows
that Harris was reluctant to accept the panels, stating his reasons firmly, but
that he was prevailed upon to do so and finally incorporated them some years
later.
The Methodist Diaconate: Profiling a Distinctive Order of Ministry
Authors: Burton Lewis
Published: March 2014

There are now two orders of ministry in the Methodist Church, the Order of
Presbyters and the Order of Deacons. The latter developed out of the previously
existing Deaconess Order but now enjoys the same status and privileges as the
former. A study of the Order of Presbyters was completed in 2007, but it was
thought that a similar study of the Order of Deacons would be of value in
shedding light on the present task they are asked to do, their work experience
in the circuits, and the various stresses and demands to which they are subject.
The data for this survey was collected by a questionnaire put to the 119 deacons
of the Order then active in the circuits. Evidence from analysis showed that
their congregations did not fully understand the nature of a deacons ministry,
complicated by the fact that, unfortunately, deacons were often employed to ease
a shortage of presbyters in the circuits.
A Breath of Freedom: The Open-Air Anthologies of E.V. Lucas and Francis Meynell
Authors: Rogerson Ian
Published: March 2014

Edward Verrall Lucas (1868-1938) and Francis Meynell (1891-1975) were men of
letters in the old-fashioned sense. They were indefatigable both in creating
text and bringing like matter together in new and meaningful forms. Lucas was a
journalist, anthologist and publisher. Meynell was a printer, anthologist and
publisher, and also a poet of considerable sensitivity and charm. Lucas did not
write much poetry but was passionate about its merits, and sought, through his
collections, to bring children into contact with the best of verse. Today, the
significant contributions that these men made to publishing in Britain are in
danger of becoming forgotten, relegated to the minor byways of publishing
history. This article examines the origins and connections between two hugely
successful anthologies that were inspired by a growing public interest in, and
engagement with, the English countryside.
‘Less Mudslinging and More Facts’: A New Look at an Old Debate about Public Health in Late Medieval English Towns
Authors: Rawcliffe Carole
Published: March 2014

Many current assumptions about health provision in medieval English cities derive
not from the surviving archival or archaeological evidence but from the
pronouncements of Victorian sanitary reformers whose belief in scientific
progress made them dismissive of earlier attempts to ameliorate the quality of
urban life. Our own tendency to judge historical responses to disease by the
exacting standards of modern biomedicine reflects the same anachronistic
attitude, while a widespread conviction that England lagged centuries behind
Italy in matters of health and hygiene seems to reinforce presumptions of
‘backwardness’ and ‘ignorance’. By contrast, this paper argues that a systematic
exploration of primary source material reveals a very different approach to
collective health, marked by direct intervention on the part of the crown and
central government and the active involvement of urban communities, especially
after the Black Death of 1348-49. A plethora of regulations for the elimination
of recognized hazards was then accompanied by major schemes for environmental
improvement, such as the introduction of piped water systems and arrangements
for refuse collection.
Introduction: Ancient Medical and Healing Systems: Their Legacy to Western Medicine
Authors: David Rosalie
Published: March 2014

Ancient medical and healing systems are currently attracting considerable
interest. This issue includes interdisciplinary studies which focus on new
perceptions of some ancient and medieval medical systems, exploring how they
related to each other, and assessing their contribution to modern society. It is
shown that pre-Greek medicine included some rational elements, and that Egyptian
and Babylonian medical systems contributed to a tradition which led from
classical antiquity through the Middle Ages and beyond. The reliability of
sources of evidence is considered, as well as the legacy of the ancient healing
environments (temples and healing sanctuaries) and disease treatments (including
surgical procedures and pharmaceutical preparations). Finally, where
documentation survives, the legacy of social attitudes to health and disease is
considered. Overarching principles directed policies of social medicine and
healthcare in antiquity and the Middle Ages: for example, the causes and
transmission routes of infectious diseases, as well as the basic principles of
sterilization, were unknown, but nevertheless attempts were made to improve
sanitation, provide clean water, and ensure access to trained physicians. In
some cases, the need to limit the size of the population prompted the use of
contraceptive measures, and surviving information also illuminates attitudes to
deformity, disability and the treatment of the terminally ill.
The Cult of Asclepius: Its Origins and Early Development
Authors: Curnow Trevor
Published: March 2014

This article explores the origins and early development of the cult of Asclepius.
Most of the relevant materials are found in classical literature, although
archaeology can also help to shine some light on certain areas. Unsurprisingly,
the origins of the cult are quite obscure. A number,of places in ancient Greece
competed for the honour of being his birthplace, and there is no conclusive
reason for deciding in favour of any of them. One thing that is constant in the
stories told about him is that Apollo was usually his father. Another constant
in the history of the cult is the practice of incubation. It seems likely that
the cult brought together and combined elements of several healing cults that
were originally quite separate. The cult emerged at the same time that
Hippocratic medicine was developing. A new understanding of the nature of the
soul, and the relationship between it and the body was also taking root. It is
reasonable to believe that these facts are related, although harder to say
exactly how.
Truth at Stake? The Posthumous Reputation of Archbishop Cranmer
Authors: Atkins Gareth
Published: March 2014

Ever since his violent death in 1556, Archbishop Thomas Cranmer had been used by
rival groups to justify their views about the Church of England. Thanks chiefly
to John Foxe his burning, in particular, became central to Protestant
narratives. In the nineteenth century, however, confessional stories became
hotly contested, and amid the ‘rage of history’ erstwhile heroes and martyrs
were placed under intense scrutiny. This article uses Cranmers fluctuating
reputation as a lens through which to explore changing understandings of the
English past. As will become clear, uncertainties over how to place Cranmer
bespoke a crisis of Anglican identity, one driven both by divisions within the
Church of England and challenges to its political, cultural and intellectual
authority from without. Despite and perhaps because of shifts in how he was
seen, Cranmers liturgical writings - the Book of Common Prayer - came to be seen
as his chief legacy.
Defaming and Defining ‘Bloody Mary’ in Nineteenth-Century England
Authors: Richards Judith
Published: March 2014

Although the reputation of Englands first queen regnant, Mary Tudor (died 1558)
had remained substantially unchanged in the intervening centuries, there were
always some defenders of that Catholic queen among the historians of Victorian
England. It is worth noting, however, that such revisionism made little if any
impact on the schoolroom history textbooks, where Marys reputation remained much
as John Foxe had defined it. Such anxiety as there was about attempts to restore
something of Marys reputation were made more problematic by the increasing
number and increasingly visible presence of a comprehensive Catholic hierarchy
in the nineteenth century, and by high-profile converts to the Catholic faith
and papal authority. The pre-eminent historians of the later Victorian era
consistently remained more favourable to the reign of Elizabeth, seen as the
destroyer,of an effective Catholic church in England.
High or Low? Writing the Irish Reformation in the Early Nineteenth Century
Authors: Ford Alan
Published: March 2014

The Irish Reformation is a contentious issue, not just between Catholic and
Protestant, but also within the Protestant churches, as competing Presbyterian
and Anglican claims are made over the history of the Irish reformation. This
chapter looks at the way in which James Seaton Reid, (1798–1851), laid claim to
the Reformation for Irish Dissent in his History of the Presbyterian
Church in Ireland. It then examines the rival Anglican histories by two
High Churchmen: Richard Mant (1775–1848), Bishop of Down and Connor; and Charles
Elrington, (1787–1850), the Regius Professor of Divinity in Trinity College,
Dublin. It is clear that, in each case, theological and denominational
conviction decisively shaped their history writing. Equally, however,
significant advances were made by all three scholars in unearthing important new
primary sources, and in identifying key points of controversy and debate which
still represent a challenge to eccleciastical historians, of whatever
denomination or none, today.
‘Some of the Grandest and Most Illustrious Beauties of the Reformation’: John Elias and the Battle over Calvinism in Early-Nineteenth-Century Welsh Methodism
Authors: Jones David Ceri
Published: March 2014

This article seeks to re-examine the arguments among early nineteenth-century
Welsh Calvinistic Methodists about Calvinist beliefs. In particular, it uses the
example of John Elias to explore the appropriation and re-appropriation of
aspects of the theological heritage of the sixteenth-century Reformation in
Wales. Examining the tensions between Calvinism‘s tendency to ever stricter
interpretation and pressure in the late eighteenth and early nineteenth
centuries to liberalize Calvinistic Methodisms position under the influence of
evangelicalism, it argues that Elias emerged as a defender of the moderate
Calvinism that had been forged by Howel Harris and Daniel Rowland in the
previous century.