bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Pengaruh Online Review Terhadap Keputusan Pembelian Kamar Pada Hotel Bintang Empat Dan Bintang Lima Di Kota Bandung
Authors: Hayati Ade Mardiah , Fitriani Fajar  , Tata Dibrata  , Marcelina Utami Ngesti  , Sunandie Eko Ginanjar
Published: December 2023

Perkembangan globalisasi yang terus berkembang dengan sangat pesat, menimbulkan berbagai pengaruh pada berbagai bidang kehidupan salah satunya adalah pariwisata. Hal ini menyebabkan pertumbuhan sarana komodasi seperti hotel, resort, villa maupun guesthouse juga terus bertambah. Kunjungan wisatawan yang meningkat menyebabkan para pelaku pariwisata khususnya hotel bintang 4 dan hotel bintang 5 mulai berlomba-lomba untuk meningkatkan hunian kamar hotel. Travel Agent Online menjadi salah satu referensi Pengunjung dalam menentukan pemesanan kamar hotel di Kota Bandung. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh Review Online terhadap Penentuan Pemesanan Kamar Hotel di Kota Bandung. Metode penelitian yaitu berupa kuantitatif kausal dengan 100 responden dan 50 hotel di Kota Bandung. Hasil penelitian akan dinyatakan melalui hasil hipotesis. Data penelitian menyatakan bahwa variabel Online Review berpengaruh signifikan atau positif terhadap Penentuan Pemesanan Kamar Hotel di Bandung dengan Indikator Location, Employee, Room Quality, dan Meal.
ADVANCED CYLINDRICAL STORAGE BIN FOR AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTS
Authors:   Voronezh State Agrarian University named after Emperor Peter the Great, Vasiliev Vladimir , Afonicheva Daria ,   Voronezh State Agrarian University named after Emperor Peter the Great, Aksenov Igor ,   Voronezh State Agrarian University named after Emperor Peter the Great
Published: December 2023

An improved cylindrical hopper for storing agricultural products is proposed, the distinctive feature of which is the nature of the arrangement of through additional channels with conveyors in the foundation below the floor, which are parallel to each other and necessarily cross the central channel with the central conveyor at right angles. This arrangement of through additional channels with conveyors allows you to evenly distribute additional funnels over the floor area, as a result, uniform unloading of the cylindrical hopper is ensured over its entire area with minimal agricultural product residues on the floor and the operation of the conveyors independently of each other, which allows for the maximum possible supply of raw materials to each conveyor. The most efficient unloading of the hopper is realized when the funnels and additional funnels are fully opened, when the maximum possible supply of agricultural products occurs to the central conveyor and to each conveyor installed in the through additional channel. The dependences for determining the technical performance of the unloading system of a cylindrical hopper are given, which made it possible to perform a comparative analysis of the technical performance of the improved hopper and its prototype. The performed analysis showed that, under equal conditions, the technical performance of the unloading system of the improved cylindrical hopper is 30...33% higher than the technical performance of the unloading system of the prototype. The technical performance of the cylindrical hopper unloading system depends on the location of the conveyors relative to each other and on the funnel feed, the higher the funnel feed, the greater the technical performance of the conveyors. A dependence is obtained for calculating the required power of the drive motor at a known value of the technical performance of the conveyor. The practical use of the improved design of a cylindrical hopper for storing agricultural products will make it possible to quickly unload products.
MODE PARAMETERS OF INFRARED ELECTRIC HEATERS BASED ON NANOMODIFIED ELASTOMERS FOR TECHNOLOGICAL PROCESSES IN AGRICULTURAL COMPLEX
Authors:   Tambov State Technical University, Shchegolkov Alexander , Zemtsova Natalia ,   Tambov State Technical University, Shchegolkov Alexey ,   Tambov State Technical University
Published: December 2023

Modernization of the agro-industrial complex can be based on the use of energy efficient technical approaches. One of the directions in the field of energy saving is the use of infrared (IR) heaters, for the creation of which it is most rational to use technological methods for obtaining composite materials based on dielectric matrices (elastomers) with the addition of conductive structures with nanosized geometric parameters (MСNTs - multilayer carbon nanotubes). Studies have shown that when the heater samples are turned on, a short-term current jump occurs, which is associated with heating of the elastomer with MСNT and the formation of an electric field in the composite structure. The inrush current ratio for sample No. 1 (Silagerm 8020, MCNT 3%, nickel 10%) is 3.56 A (setting time of the operating mode is 350 s), which is the highest value. The smallest inrush current ratio of 1.65 A (setting time of the operating mode 250 s) is typical for sample No. 2 (Silagerm 8030, MСNT 3%, bronze 10%). For sample No. 3 (Silagerm 8030, MCNT 3%, aluminum 10%) at alternating current, the shortest time to reach the operating mode (140 s) is typical. The operating modes of heaters on alternating and direct current are different, which is associated with the formation of morphological and structural properties in composites that affect the flow of electric current of various types. All samples are characterized by a mode in which the current decreases and after 140-360 s is set to the operating mode corresponding to the heat balance, in which this current is spent to create a heat flow to heat the plant material and compensate for heat losses to the environment. It has been established that the operating mode of heaters based on elastomers modified with MCNT is characterized by the time interval for reaching the operating mode from 140 to 350 s, which exceeds the value for ceramic heaters based on barium titanate (BaTiO3). But the operating temperature is more stable and does not change over time (under constant heat exchange conditions). The use of elastic matrices makes it possible to form effective IR heating systems for technological processes of processing plant materials.
ON THE ISSUE OF THE COURSE OF CORROSION PROCESSES ON MANURE HARVESTING EQUIPMENT
Authors:   Ulyanovsk State Agrarian University named after P.A. Stolypin, Ayugin Nikolaj , Molochnikov Denis ,   Ulyanovsk State Agrarian University named after P.A. Stolypin, Muhitov Asgat ,   Ulyanovsk State Agrarian University named after P.A. Stolypin, Morozov Aleksandr ,   Ulyanovsk State Agrarian University named after P.A. Stolypin, Yakovlev Sergej ,   Ulyanovsk State Agrarian University named after P.A. Stolypin
Published: December 2023

The article is devoted to the study of the rate of corrosion processes in steel parts in livestock and poultry buildings, primarily manure equipment, which is operated and interacts with a chemically aggressive environment. The issues of metal loss of parts in contact with the waste products of cattle, pigs and poultry are considered. It has been established that the maximum corrosive activity of the waste products of agricultural animals is observed at the following humidity: chicken droppings - 70 ... 72%, pig excrement - 66 ... 70%, cattle excrement - 70 ... 74%. The most aggressive environment is bird droppings, while during the year the corrosion rate can reach up to 600 g/m2, in pig excrement - up to 540 g/m2, cattle - 440 g/m2. At the same time, the maximum corrosion of metal in chicken droppings is observed at a moisture content of 71%, pig excrement - 68%, cattle excrement - 72%. The study of the effect of corrosion processes on the increase in torque when unscrewing the threaded joints of manure equipment of livestock and poultry farms showed that the oxidation of threaded joints in animal waste products during the year leads to an increase in the torque for unscrewing by an average of 2.1 times.
JUSTIFICATION OF THE PARAMETERS OF THE RIDGE AT POTATO CULTIVATION
Authors:   Kursk State Agricultural Academy named after I. I. Ivanov, Shershnev Nikolay
Published: December 2023

It is necessary to form such a ridge in volume using the ridge technology of soil cultivation, which would allow the development of the necessary potato root system, and it would be possible to obtain the planned harvest with a sufficient amount of moisture and nutrients. The purpose of the study is to substantiate the parameters of the ridge. Mathematical methods were used in the study. It has been established that during the growing season of potatoes, a change in the given shape of the ridge occurs, since under the influence of precipitation, watering, soil self-settling, and shedding, the trapezoidal shape transforms into a round one. The need to create a fine-clump soil structure in the ridge, to create a groove on the top of the ridge and its use in ridge technology for potato production was justified. The ridge section parameters were adopted based on these data. Analytical dependencies were obtained to determine the cross-sectional area of the trapezoidal ridge, both newly formed and with an additional groove required for irrigation during the potato growing season. The required volumes of soil in the formed ridge were determined. Observations and calculations carried out for planting potatoes with a row spacing of 75 cm show that the shape of the ridge by the time of harvesting undergoes significant changes from the original. The volume of soil in the ridge at the beginning of its formation and before harvesting differs by 4.18%.
EXPERIMENTAL INVESTIGATION OF FUNCTIONAL CHARACTERISTICS OF GEL-TYPE TRACTION BATTERIES
Authors:   Russian State Agrarian University – Moscow Timiryazev Agricultural Academy, Didmanidze Otari , Fedotkin Roman ,   Russian State Agrarian University – Moscow Timiryazev Agricultural Academy, Kryuchkov Vitaliy ,   Russian State Agrarian University – Moscow Timiryazev Agricultural Academy, Merkelova Tatyana ,   Russian State Agrarian University – Moscow Timiryazev Agricultural Academy
Published: December 2023

The results of an experimental assessment of the functional characteristics of gel-type traction batteries (AGBT) for small-sized transport and technological vehicles (TVT), depending on various load modes and temperature conditions, are presented. Experimental assessment of the battery life of AGBT in operation and their discharge type characteristics at various storage and operating temperatures. An assessment of changes in the voltage level of an AgBT sample of type RuTrike 6-EVF-32 at room temperature and in a freezer (from -7.8 to -20.2 °C) with a connected electrical load and in storage mode was carried out at the first stage. Temperature fluctuations were set randomly to simulate real operating conditions of the TTS in the cold season. At the second stage of testing, the continuous operation time of a set of five battery packs as part of a small-sized vehicle, the D4 1800 tricycle, was assessed. The tests were carried out in the early spring on the territory of the Federal National Research Center VIM. Both batteries were discharged by only 0.05 V during four days of studying self-discharge characteristics at different temperatures. After removing the load, the batteries are regenerated to a voltage of 12 V (50% charge). A cold battery discharges faster by 2-3 hours, but when the load is removed it is regenerated faster. The tricycle can travel 22.21 km at a speed of 13.3 km/h on a single AkBg charge. The voltage drop across the batteries has an almost linear dependence on the distance traveled and the test time. Timely charging of the battery, as well as the provision of design and technological measures for insulating the battery pack, is recommended for operation in the cold season. Tests with cycles of movement and stopping to assess the influence of the battery’s ability to self-recovery to increase the duration of movement needs to be continued, as well as testing for the duration of recovery after turning on/removing the load, depending on the magnitude of the residual stress.
MODERNIZATION OF THE COMB-FORMING MACHINE FOR POTATO CULTIVATION
Authors:   KUR State Agrarian University named after I.I.Ivanov, Bashkirev Anatoly , Semykin Vladimir ,   KUR State Agrarian University named after I.I.Ivanov, Shershnev Nikolay ,   KUR State Agrarian University named after I.I.Ivanov
Published: December 2023

The conditions for watering potatoes when cultivating them on ridges have been tested and justified. The KG-2.8 ridge former cultivator was modernized to form a ridge of the specified parameters. In addition to the ridge-forming cultivator, a groove former was installed on each row to form a groove on the upper part of the ridge of a trapezoidal shape, capable of effectively retaining water during irrigation or rain and wetting the entire volume of the ridge. The groove maker has a trapezoidal roller, which is made with the ability to remove and install it on the ridge former body along the axis of the row of planted potatoes. It has been established that with the traditional shape of the ridge, when watering potatoes at an air temperature of more than 300C, intense drying of the soil occurs due to the fact that a significant part of the water simply flows into the aisle and does not have time to completely wet it. And after it begins to flow down the rows, watering is stopped. This drying leads to the fact that soil moisture after irrigation at a rate of 250 m3/ha in the area where the root system and potato tubers are located decreases in 4-5 days to a maximum humidity of 20%, at which the growth of tubers stops. It has been established that the use of a groove former together with a ridge former makes it possible to create conditions for the accumulation of water in a groove on the ridge and its subsequent filtration inside, to prevent the flow of water between rows and to create conditions for the exclusion of water runoff. Intensive wetting of the entire volume of soil in the ridge allows you to increase its drying time to 8 days, which will significantly reduce costs.
CALCULATION OF COMBINED DESIGN OF LIQUID RING VACUUM PUMP
Authors:   Tambov State Technical Universit, Nikitin Dmitry ,   Michurinsk State Agrarian University, Galkin Pavel ,   Tambov State Technical Universit, Rodionov Yuri ,   Tambov State Technical Universit,   Michurinsk State Agrarian University, Abramov Mikhail ,   Tambov State Technical Universit, Maistrenko Natalia ,   Tambov State Technical Universit, Glivenkova Olga ,   Tambov State Technical Universit
Published: December 2023

Liquid ring vacuum pumps are widely used in many areas of the agro-industrial complex, in particular for milking processes, storage of plant materials, their drying and extraction, as well as pneumatic transport. It has been revealed that one of the main disadvantages of liquid ring vacuum pumps - low efficiency (25-50%) is often caused by hydraulic losses during rotation of the liquid ring on a stationary body, as well as inaccurate physical prerequisites in the equations describing the movement of the liquid ring - a two-phase turbulent flow in the working pump cavity. As a consequence, the pump engineering calculation method leads to overestimated performance characteristics at the design stage. In this regard, a combined design of a liquid ring vacuum pump with a rotating casing has been proposed, in which rotation can be transmitted from the impeller blades to the casing blades (in the case of low and medium speed pump size), through involute engagement, or from the casing blades to the impeller blades (in in case of high and especially high speed of action). The basis for calculating the liquid ring is the continuity equation, the stability condition of the liquid ring and the threshold for the occurrence of cavitation phenomena, as well as a coefficient characterizing the drop in speed for turbulent motion in a bladeless space in areas (suction, maximum, compression, discharge). In this case, the mechanism of movement of the liquid ring in the working cavity of the pump is represented by physical processes in the form of the interaction of two power flows: the hydraulic flow of the working fluid and the thermodynamic flow of the gaseous medium. When calculating the main operating parameter of the pump - the actual speed of action - the evaporation of liquid droplets due to changes in the temperature of the liquid ring was taken into account. The forces acting on the rotating wheel and the rotating body of the combined design of a liquid ring vacuum pump are determined analytically.
STUDY OF AN INSTALLATION WITH INFRARED HEATING OF GRAIN
Authors:   Ulyanovsk State Agrarian University, Sutyagin Sergey , Ageev Pyotr ,   Ulyanovsk State Agrarian University, Karpenko Galina ,   Ulyanovsk State Agrarian University, Pavlushin Andrey ,   Ulyanovsk State Agrarian University, Kurdyumov Vladimir ,   Ulyanovsk State Agrarian University
Published: December 2023

Thermal post-harvest processing of grain currently intended to improve its quality is highly energy-intensive and expensive. The development of new means of mechanization with infrared heating of grain, capable of reducing specific energy costs for heat treatment processes, as well as ensuring resource conservation, is a pressing and important scientific and technical problem. To reduce the cost of drying, disinfection and micronization of grain, as well as improve the quality of its heat treatment, we have developed an experimental model of an installation with infrared heating. The study of the developed installation was carried out in grain drying mode. The technological process of drying wheat grain with an initial moisture content of 18...19% was chosen as the object of study. The total specific energy consumption for grain drying was taken as an optimization parameter. The rational values of the selected factors were determined as a result of a study of the developed installation with infrared heating of grain: grain drying time t1 = 1000C; the temperature created by the infrared heater inside the installation casing is tin = 650C. Next, a series of experiments was carried out on the developed installation in the above modes. In each experiment, measurements were taken of the heating temperature of the grain, the percentage of reduction in grain moisture content and the throughput of the installation were determined, and the total specific energy consumption was recorded. The heating temperature of the grain was in the range of 37 - 38.5 ºС, while the moisture content of the grain decreased by 2.56%. The developed installation provides the required quality of grain drying, maintaining a throughput of about 800 kg/h and a minimum total specific energy consumption, which amounted to 4342.3 kJ h/kg.
RESULTS OF STUDIES TO ASSESS CHANGES IN THE PROPERTIES OF MOTOR OIL WITHOUT AND WITH THE USE OF FLUSHING THE TRACTOR ENGINE LUBRICATION SYSTEM
Authors:   All-Russian Research Institute for the Use of Machinery and Petroleum Products in Agriculture, Koshelev Alexander , Ostrikov Valery ,   All-Russian Research Institute for the Use of Machinery and Petroleum Products in Agriculture, Zabrodskaya Alla ,   All-Russian Research Institute for the Use of Machinery and Petroleum Products in Agriculture, Vyazankin Viktor ,   All-Russian Research Institute for the Use of Machinery and Petroleum Products in Agriculture
Published: December 2023

The results of studies assessing the properties of oils for removing contaminants from the lubrication system during routine replacement of motor oils in tractor engines are presented. It has been established that when used motor oil is drained, some of the contaminants remain in the lubrication system and negatively affect both engine operation and the service life of freshly filled motor oil. Dependences of changes in the content of mechanical impurities, tar deposits, alkaline and acid numbers on operating time were obtained. It has been established that the alkaline number of the oil during the engine operating period can decrease from 8.7 mg KOH/g to 2.0 mg KOH/g and reach the rejection value by 250 hours of oil operation in the engine. The influence of the operation of flushing the lubrication system with Lukoil mineral-based flushing oil in MTZ-1221 tractor engines is considered. The flushing operation made it possible to reduce the accumulation of impurities by 20...30% over the same operating period and to reduce the accumulation of tar deposits in the engine oil from 9.8% to 0.7%. Removing contaminants from the lubrication system reduces the consumption of additives, their waste in motor oils, and precipitation along with contaminants. For an operating period of 250 hours, the alkaline number content was 4.9 mg KOH/g, while over the same operating period without flushing the lubrication system it approached the rejection value. Removing contaminants stabilizes the change in oil acid number. In general, it is noted that carrying out the operation of flushing the lubrication system of tractor engines can improve their performance and increase the service life of the engine oil before it is replaced.
Consistency and Convergence Analysis of an 𝐹(𝑥,𝑦) Functionally Derived Explicit Fifth-Stage Fourth-Order Runge-Kutta Method
Authors:   Department of Statistics, Federal Polytechnic, Auchi, Edo State, Nigeria., Christopher Dr. Esekhaigbe Aigbedion
Published: December 2023

The purpose of this paper is to analyze the consistency and convergence of an explicit fifth-stage fourth-order Runge-Kutta method derived using 𝒇(𝒙,𝒚) functional derivatives. The analysis revealed that the method is consistent and convergent. The implementation of this method on initial-value problems was done in a previous paper, and it revealed that the method compared favorably well with the existing classical fourth stage fourth order explicit Runge Kutta method.
TABOO WORDS ON ‘CIGARETTES AFTER SEX’ SONG LYRICS
Authors: Kumala Sonya Ayu , Marchella Agnes
Published: December 2023

This research aims to delve into the intricate realm of taboo words and shed light on their multifaceted nature, challenging the commonly held belief that they are solely confined to harsh or offensive language. The study adopts a semantic approach, considering the meanings, social context, and cultural norms associated with taboo words. The theoretical framework draws on linguistic semantics, which explores how languages organize and express meanings. The research references three articles that discuss taboo words in different contexts, employing qualitative methods and descriptive analysis. The analysis focuses on taboo words found in the lyrics of songs by the band Cigarettes After Sex, revealing a predominance of taboo words related to sexual themes. The findings of this investigation make noteworthy contributions to the understanding of semantic meaning within language. By uncovering the extensive presence of taboo words pertaining to sexuality, this research underscores the breadth and depth of taboo expressions, surpassing the conventional realm of mere profanity. It serves as a reminder that taboo words encompass a wide array of sensitive topics, including but not limited to swearing, and are integral to the complex tapestry of language. By shedding light on this often-overlooked aspect of communication, this research enriches our comprehension of language's intricacies and offers insights that have implications for linguistic analysis and sociocultural studies.
Totto Chan External Conflict in The Novel Tetsuko Kuroyanagi Totto Chan The Little Girl at The Window
Authors: Helmita Helmita , Farma Haqi
Published: December 2023

This research is motivated by the existence of Totto-chan's external conflict which is realized by the author in the work of Totto Chan the Little Girl at the Window by Tetsuko Kuroyanagi. The purpose of this study is to identify the external conflict experienced by Totto-chan, as well as the causes of the conflict in the novel Totto Chan the Little Girl at the Window by Tetsuko Kuroyanagi. In this research the researcher used Structural Analysis theory by Tzvetan Todorov. The method used in this research is descriptive qualitative. The data in this novel are quotes from words, sentences related to the external conflict experienced by the character Totto-Chan. Data collection techniques in this study were reading, marking data and recording data related to external conflicts in the novel Totto Chan the Little Girl at the Window by Tetsuko Kuroyanagi. The results of this study indicate that in the novel Totto Chan the Little Girl at the Window by Tetsuko Kuroyanagi, the external conflict experienced by Totto-chan is caused by Totto-chan's hyperactive nature which often causes a lot of problems because Totto can't stop moving, causing a lot of stress people are annoyed by it and also Totto's imagination is too high which makes it difficult for Totto to understand the circumstances around her and she always does the things she likes without thinking about the consequences of her actions.
THE MAJOR PROBLEMS OF ENGINEERING AND PLANNING SOLUTIONS FOR «THROUGHABOUT» TYPE INTERCHANGES AND WAYS TO ADDRESS THEM
Authors:   Kyiv National University of Construction and Architecture, Kyiv, Ukraine, Bespalov Dmytro , Ivanets Lev ,   Kyiv National University of Construction and Architecture, Kyiv, Ukraine, Sistuk Volodymyr ,   Kryvyi Rih National Univrsity, Kryvyi Rih, Ukraine, Tarasiuk Volodymyr ,   Kyiv National University of Construction and Architecture, Kyiv, Ukraine
Published: December 2023

Introduction. Interchange designs that provide specific benefits to road users will always be of interest. It is extremely interesting a type of interchange in the same level named in literary sources as a «hamburger roundabout» or «throughabout». Usually, two separate lanes run through the extended roundabout, crossing each other inside the interchange. Such intersections can be regulated by both road signs and traffic lights, depending on their size and the intensity of incoming traffic flows. Problem Statement. The analysis of the designs of the intersection at one level by the type of throughabout is insufficiently presented both in the normative documentation for the design of highways and in modern scientific periodicals. However, this type of intersection refers to alternative junctions used in road construction practice in European countries. Thus, an urgent task is to evaluate the operational efficiency indicators and surrogate traffic safety indicators of the throughabout, which can later serve as a basis for making decisions about the need to construct this type of intersection. Purpose – to identify the main problems of the interchange by the type of throughabout based on the analysis of traffic efficiency and safety indicators, carried out by the method of traffic microsimulation.
Possibilities of Increasing the Role of Railways in the Public Transport System of the Urban Functional Area of Olsztyn
Authors: Garbacz Marcin
Published: December 2023

The article presents the results of ageing tests with the use of laboratory light radiation tested according to the EN ISO 16474-2 standard for painting systems used in rolling stock. The influence of aging on such properties as gloss, colour and hardness, was determined using two different irradiance settings of the order of 60 W/m2 and 120 W/m2 for the wavelength 300÷400 nm and the same levels of radiant exposure. In addition, this study describes the most important information about laboratory aging tests with simulation of sunlight, temperature, moisture including rain, which are included in ISO standardised test methods. The influence of weather parameters has been described, in particular the influence of an increased dose of irradiance on the degradation of selected physicochemical properties of coatings and the possibility of the predicted ageing progress (changes in selected properties). The obtained results of laboratory tests allow to make certain assumptions regarding the increase of the dose of irradiance and thus the shortening of the laboratory testing time in the context of the assessment of the most desirable properties of the coating for a given application with the use of laboratory ageing tests.
Określanie długości ruchomej cięciwy do wyznaczania krzywizny eksploatowanego toru kolejowego
Authors: Koc Władysław
Published: December 2023

W artykule rozwinięto, niewyjaśnioną jeszcze do końca, kwestię doboru długości cięciwy, która będzie najbardziej korzystna podczas wyznaczania krzywizny poziomej toru kolejowego z wykorzystaniem metody ruchomej cięciwy. W torze kolejowym – przy niewłaściwym doborze długości cięciwy – występujące deformacje poziome toru i błąd pomiaru współrzędnych mogą powodować uzyskanie nieregularnych wykresów krzywizny, które będą trudne do interpretacji. W artykule przeanalizowano trzy testowe układy geometryczne dostosowane do prędkości 80 km/h, 120 km/h i 160 km/h (wyznaczone w wyniku przeprowadzonej estymacji krzywizny, promienie łuków kołowych wynosiły odpowiednio około 410 m, 880 m i 1480 m). Rozpatrywano długości ruchomej cięciwy w zakresie 10÷50 m. Na podstawie przeprowadzonych analiz jednoznacznie wy-kazano, że długość cięciwy, przyjmowana do wyznaczania krzywizny w torze kolejowym, powinna zależeć od wartości wy-stępującego promienia łuku kołowego. Zaproponowano orientacyjne długości lc w zależności od przedziału wartości pro-mienia RŁK. Przedstawione w artykule dostosowanie metody ruchomej cięciwy do przyjętej procedury pomiarowej oraz sposób wykorzystania uzyskanego wykresu krzywizny, stwarzają odpowiednie podstawy aplikacyjne.
Aerodynamic Phenomena Caused by the Passage of a Train. Part 4: Pressure Influence on People
Authors: Zbieć Andrzej
Published: December 2023

In the series of articles describing the aerodynamic phenomena caused by the passage of a train, the effects of a train running at high speed on itself, on other trains, on objects on the track and on people are characterised. This impact can be of two types – generated pressure and slipstream. Apart from the literature analysis, the author’s research is also taken into account. The forth part presents the influence of pressure on people.
Zjawiska aerodynamiczne wywołane przejazdem pociągu. Część 4: Oddziaływanie ciśnienia na ludzi
Authors: Zbieć Andrzej
Published: December 2023

W cyklu artykułów opisujących zjawiska aerodynamiczne wywołane przejazdem pociągu, scharakteryzowano oddziaływania pociągu jadącego z dużą prędkością na sam jadący pociąg, na inne pociągi, na obiekty znajdujące się przy torze oraz na ludzi. Oddziaływanie to może być dwojakiego rodzaju: przez wytwarzane ciśnienie i przez podmuch. Oprócz analizy literatury, uwzględniono badania przeprowadzone przez autora. W czwartej części cyklu opisano oddziaływanie ciśnienia na ludzi.
Risk Assessment of Using a Contactless Method for Railway Surface Inspection as Alternative for Staff Inspection of Infrastructure
Authors: Batko Michał , Konieczny Jarosław , Butor Anna
Published: December 2023

Railway infrastructure managers are obliged to check technical condition of infrastructure in order to maintain safe traffic. Usually this is done using conventional methods and tools or directly through the inspections made by the technical staff. Technological development which is currently being experienced indicates the availability of new measurement methods that can be used to monitor the condition of railway infrastructure. However, the introduction of new methods for monitoring the infrastructure is usually a change affecting safety, which requires an assessment of the significance of the change for the maintenance of the required level of railway traffic safety. The authors assessed the significance of the change in the method of infrastructure monitoring and related risk assessment as a result of the use of the contactless method of checking the railway surface as an alternative method to staff inspections. Additional control measures or preventive measures for potential threats have also been indicated.
Szacowanie niepewności wyniku dla testów odporności na warunki środowiskowe na przykładzie metody odporności na działanie obojętnej mgły solnej według PN-EN ISO 9227 / ASTM B117
Authors: Garbacz Marcin
Published: December 2023

Badania laboratoryjne środowiskowe są jednymi z najczęściej wykonywanych badań stosowanych do oceny materiałów wykorzystywanych między innymi do konstrukcji pojazdów szynowych. Wymagania normy PN-EN ISO/IEC 17025 dla laboratoriów badawczych, szczególnie przy ocenie zgodności materiałów z wyspecyfikowanymi wymaganiami, nakładają na laboratoria konieczność rozpatrywania wyników końcowych pomiarów wraz z niepewnościami tych wyników. Ze względu na złożoność procesów fizyko-chemicznych zachodzących podczas testów środowiskowych, określenie źródeł niepewności wyniku pomiaru bywa bardzo skomplikowane. Artykuł prezentuje jeden ze sposobów szacowania niepewności złożonej dla badań środowiskowych na przykładzie badań korozyjnych za pomocą koncepcji szacowania niepewności NORDTEST TR 537. W artykule przedstawiono obliczenia niepewności oparte na zestawie danych empirycznych uzyskanych w akredytowanym Laboratorium Badań Materiałów i Elementów Konstrukcji Instytutu Kolejnictwa z wykorzystaniem odtwarzalności wewnątrzlaboratoryjnej oraz biasu metody. Przedstawiono również sposób podejścia szacowania niepewności w zależności od rodzaju badanych obiektów (detale metalowe i powłoki malarskie) i sposobu ich oceny po badaniach korozyjnych (metody ilościowe i jakościowe). W artykule zaprezentowano również możliwości interpretacji i przetwarzania uzyskanych danych podczas kontroli wewnątrz laboratorium na podstawie prostego narzędzia statystycznego jakim są karty kontrolne Shewarta. W artykule przedstawiono także diagram Ishikawy dla metody oznaczania korozyjności w komorach solnych, który identyfikuje istotne czynniki wpływające na niepewność pomiaru, a przy tym daje pełen obraz złożoności całego procesu badawczego.
Pregnancy Rate In Non-Azoospermia With Normal Or Suboptimal Semen Parameter Versus Azoospermic Male Treated By IVF-ICSI Cycle
Authors: Ali A. Abo-Alshaar  , Saaduldeen Ghali Al-Esawi  , Raghad Hussein Ahmed
Published: December 2023

Background: Intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) opens the gate for many cases of male factor infertility to be the biological fathers of their sibling since 1992. Most of cases were non-obstructive azoospermia and different levels of oligoastheno-teratozoospermia. Nowadays many cases of reduced semen parameter or female factor infertility are treated by IVF-ICSI Cycle for better pregnancy rate, biochemical and clinical, and live birth rate.
Aim of the study: The study aims to compare biochemical, clinical pregnancy rate and outcome of pregnancies in the group with ejaculated sperm with normal or suboptimal semen parameter and group with non-obstructive azoospermia in whom sperm retrieved by TESE, using ICSI.
Method: A retrospective cohort study was conducted between January, 2016 and February, 2023 in the fertility center of Al-Sader Medical City, a total of 372 couple, 90 of the males gave semen sample by masturbation and 282 of the males were non-obstructive azoospermia and their sperms were retrieved by TESE; all are treated by ICSI, all of their female partner were under age of 37 year, the maternal medical condition and obstetric history were not included in this study. Simple random sampling was depended, SPSS version 26 was used to perform the statistical analysis processes.
Results: There was a highly significant difference in pregnancy rate by β.HCG between ejaculate group (43.3 %) and azoospermia (26.6 %) with p. value =0.003. A significant difference in clinical pregnancy rate by ultrasound between the ejaculate group (31.1%) and azoospermia (20.9%) with p. value =0.047. There was no statistically significant difference in live birth rate between ejaculate group as (24.4 %) and azoospermia as (17.4 %) with p.value=0.137.
Conclusion: Freshly ejaculated sperm with normal or suboptimal semen parameter gave a better biochemical and clinical pregnancy rate than obtained from NOA by TESE, while live birth rate was not largely different in both groups
Serum levels of Interleukin-6 in patients with Idiopathic Carpal Tunnel Syndrome: A case control study in Najaf Province
Authors: Al-shareefi Shahad mohammed , Shareef Fouad
Published: December 2023

Background: Carpal Tunnel Syndrome (CTS) is a disease caused by a compression of the median nerve at the wrist within carpal canal that lead to multiple symptoms as paraesthesia, numbness and pain sensation in the median distribution fingers. If untreated, it leads to sensation loss, thenar muscle weakness and atrophy. It is most frequent peripheral neuropathy of upper limbs and is most predominant in female gender. The pathogenesis of CTS is yet unknown, and the majority of conditions are idiopathic.
Interleukin 6 is a cytokine that has multiple functions including pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory or regenerative actions. The impact of serum inflammatory cytokines on incidence and severity of CTS is still unclear.
Aim of the study: this study aims to correlate the clinical severity of CTS and the serum interleukin 6 concentrations.
Patients and methods: This is a case control study which involved 140 participants who were categorized into 70 patients with CTS and 70 healthy persons according to clinical assessment and nerve conduction study results. After that, the participants were divided to normal, mild, moderate and severe groups according to Boston carpal tunnel questionnaire (BCTQ). Then, a blood sample was taken from each participant to assess serum interleukin 6 levels. A statistical analysis by SPSS was done for the collected data.
Results: The study has shown that there was no significant correlation between serum interleukin 6 levels and the clinical severity score of CTS (P value >0.05).
Conclusion: It has been concluded that serum interleukin 6 levels did not have an impact on incidence and clinical severity of CTS and that its role in CTS is yet unclear.
MAIN ACTIVITIES AND SPECIFICITY OF THE CONCERT REPERTOIRE OF MODERN RUSSIAN MILITARY BANDS
Authors: Zubarev Sergey A.
Published: December 2023

The article examines the main trends in the development of the concert repertoire of modern Russian military bands. At the beginning of the 21st century, the complexity and multidimensionality of military band art is obvious. Modern bands perform the task of providing music for military rituals, state, political, public, cultural and sports events, and take part in concerts and festivals. In this aspect, the issues of adapting music of various genres and directions for a brass band performance are of particular relevance. In the post-Soviet period, military bands retained their value guidelines. At the same time, they not only preserve traditions but also develop them in new conditions. In Russia, military bands are the most widespread musical embodiment of military culture, as well as an important element of military infrastructure which helps maintain morale. Currently, as before, they are widely used as a propaganda tool, including during public events.
The article notes the variety of directions in the development of military band repertoire. In this context, it is important for the author to consider the main factors in the formation of the repertoire of the Central Military Band of the Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation. The band’s repertoire range is extremely wide — from works of Russian and foreign classics to music by contemporary composers. The recognized reference sound recording of the Russian National Anthem was made by this band. Moreover, the study of the repertoire of educational groups seems significant. The band of the Valery Khalilov Moscow Suvorov Military Music College consists of young Suvorov students; nevertheless, despite the age of the musicians, it is a highly professional group that has demonstrated its performing skills not only in Russia but throughout the world.
In conclusion, the significance of directions for actualizing the creative activity of modern military bands and the importance of studying the art of arrangement, which makes it possible to create adaptive forms of presenting historical memory, are noted. The preservation of the traditions of performing academic music is a crucial role of military bands. The concert activity of modern military bands, as a tool for adapting music of various styles to traditional for military culture performance conditions, seems to be an important way of transfering musical culture values in situations of social change.
TRENDS IN THE FINE ARTS OF TATARSTAN IN THE 1970-1990S ON THE EXAMPLE OF NARKIS PONOMAREV’S CREATIVITY
Authors: Ilyasova Razilya I.
Published: December 2023

he article is devoted to the late Soviet period of fine arts in Tatarstan — a republic with rich avantgarde traditions, which was characterised by extraordinary intensity of artists’ creative life during the 1970–1990s. Today, this period of art, as a regional version of the second wave of the avant-garde, still remains insufficiently studied and requires more detailed and scrupulous study and understanding.
The topic is considered on the example of one of the most original painters of Kazan of the second half of the 20th century — Narkis Ponomarev (1946–1996), who is considered by the author to be among the unofficial circle of artists.
The study introduces the personality of Ponomarev as a self-taught artist and autodidact into the scientific context for the first time. It is argued that, despite the lack of the master’s professional art education and the resulting difficulties (lack of recognition in the artistic community, criticism from official art critics and officials, inability to exhibit, and so on), he managed to form and develop a self-sufficient and original art. Avant-garde tendencies in the artist’s work are identified and substantiated based on an analysis of more than 60 Ponomarev’s works mainly from private collections. Turning to the heritage of Matisse, Picasso, Chagall, German expressionists, etc., without copying, only focusing on them, Ponomarev developed his own artistic concept. Using a variety of bright colours, free volumetric strokes, turning to marginal subjects or lyrical landscapes and fantastic images, he imbued his works with simplicity and primitiveness, in the good sense of the word, of the image itself.
It is noted that creativity, which gained its fame and recognition only in the post-Soviet period, was necessary for Ponomarev as a way of understanding the world around and oneself, as a therapeutic impulse for one’s own alienation. The purpose of this article is to trace the evolution of the artist, to reveal the role and significance of Ponomarev’s creative activity in the artistic life of Tatarstan in the 1970–1990s. The presentation of new trends and the introduction of new names into scientific circulation will help to identify paradoxes and facets in the history of the second wave of avant-garde in the era of the USSR.
The Effect of Problem Solving Skills Training on Moral Distress of Neonatal Intensive Care Unit Nurses
Authors: Aghayan Hajar , Haghani Shima , Joolaee Soodabeh , Borimnejad Leili
Published: December 2023

Introduction: Moral distress is one of the ethical challenges in the nursing profession. Nurses in the neonatal ward are at risk of moral distress most commonly results from disproportionate interventions perceived to not be in the child’s best interests. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of problem-solving skills training on the moral distress of neonatal intensive care unit nurses. Methods: This quasi-experimental study performed on70 nurses working in neonatal intensive care units at Pediatric Medical Center affiliated Tehran University of Medical Sciences from December 2019-June 2020. They were assigned randomly in two equal groups. Corley Ethical Distress Scale Corley was completed before and four weeks after the intervention in two groups. Problem-solving skills training was conducted in (6 sessions of 1.5 hours (2 sessions per week) as a group for the intervention group. Data were analyzed using the software SPSS 22 and tests, chi-square, Fisher's exact, t-test, and paired t-test with significance. 0.5% . Results: The results of comparing the moral distress of nurses working in the neonatal intensive care unit showed that before the intervention, the score of moral distress in the intervention group (150.07 ± 6.87) and in the control group (146.05±6.36) Although before the intervention, the moral distress score of the nurses in the test group was significantly higher than the intervention group P=0.013, but 4 months after the intervention, this score decreased significantly (P <0 01). Conclusion: According to the findings of this study, problem-solving skills improve moral distress in nurses. Therefore, due to the destructive effects of moral distress on the quality of nurses' work, it is suggested that nursing managers develop programs to improve problem solving skills in nurses.
Factors Associated with Pediatric Constipation- A Single Center Study
Authors: Karim Md. Rezaul , Samir Shoyaib , Musa Abu Saleh
Published: December 2023

Introduction: Constipation or difficulty in bowel movement is a common problem in children. It is often results from without any previous illness or previous painful bowel movements. Dietary influences such as low fiber intake and inadequate hydration play a role too. Many factors have been associated with the occurrence of constipation. Aim of the study: The aim of this study was to investigate the factors associated with pediatric constipation and its management. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted in out-patient Department of Pediatrics surgery in Enam Medical College and Hospital, Savar, Dhaka, Bangladesh, during the period from July to December 2022. Total 180 patients with constipation were included in this study. Result: Our study of 180 children, average age was 2.4 years and slightly more in females, investigated factors relating to constipation. Most of the children had constipation for 6-12 months and more; and some children had constipation for 3-4 years, with symptoms such as large hard stool (95.0%), painful defecation (88.3%), and abdominal pain or crying (71.1%). Some children had per rectal bleeding and perianal mass or growth that is sentinel piles. A large number of clinical and therapeutic factors were associated with chronic constipation. Conclusion: The findings of this study highlighted the prominence of symptoms like large, hard, and painful defecation of children. With notable findings such as inadequate fluid and fiber intake and change in dietary habit during weaning period and lack of toilet training play an important role in producing constipation.