bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
PEMBUATAN RENGGINANG SINGKONG DENGAN PENAMBAHAN TEPUNG RUMPUT LAUT (Ulva Lactuca)
Authors: Panjaitan Pola S.T , Adi Catur Pramono , Aripudin Aripudin , Suratna Suratna , Romawati Ida
Published: March 2024

DalamÂ pembuatanÂ rengginang tidak ada penambahan zat gizi sehingga kandungan nutrisi di rengginang itu rendah, salahÂ satunya kandungan protein. Maka dari itu dengan adanya potensi rumput laut ulva lactuca dapatÂ dimanfaatkan sebagai upaya meningkatkan kandungan gizi protein rengginang singkong. Tujuan padaÂ penelitianÂ iniÂ yaitu:MengetahuiÂ caraÂ pembuatanÂ rengginangÂ singkongÂ denganÂ penambahanÂ tepungrumput laut ulva lactuca; Mengetahui pengaruh penambahan tepung rumput laut ulva lactuca terhadapÂ mutu hedonik rengginang singkong; dan Mengetahui pengaruh kandungan proksimat pada rengginangÂ singkongÂ dengan penambahan tepungÂ rumputÂ lautÂ ulvaÂ lactuca.F1 dengan penambahan tepung rumput lautÂ 10%, F2 dengan penambahan tepung rumput lautÂ 12,5%, dan F3 dengan penambahan tepung rumputÂ laut 15% pada parameter kenampakan, aroma, rasa dan tekstur. PadaÂ mutuÂ kimiaÂ perlakuan F1 dengan perlakuan F0 yang tidak ada penamabahan tepung rumput laut ulva lactucaÂ menunujukkan adanya penurunan kadar air sebesar 4,55% berarti pada perlakuan F1 telah memenuhiÂ StandarÂ mutuÂ BSNÂ 1999Â yaituÂ denganÂ kadarÂ airÂ maksimalÂ 11Â gÂ danÂ 1,47%Â kenaikanÂ kadarÂ proteinÂ padaÂ perlakuan F1. Dengan kadar air 10,14% dan kadar protein 1,47% pada perlakuan F1 yang berartiÂ perlakuanÂ F1Â telah memenuhiÂ standar BSN 1999Â yaitu denganÂ kadar proteinÂ maksimalÂ 6Â g.
Jenis dan Tutupan Lamun di Perairan Pulau Maginti, Kabupaten Muna Barat, Sulawesi Tenggara
Authors: Krisye Krisye , Rahman Rahman , Fendjalang Sophia N.M , Sirajuddin Nur Tasmiah
Published: March 2024

Lamun (Seagrass) merupakan satu-satunya tumbuhan berbunga yang dapat hidup terendam sempurna di perairan laut. Spesies lamun yang ditemukan hidup di perairan Indonesia sebanyak 14 spesies. Pulau Maginti merupakan salah satu pulau kecil yang terletak di kawasan perairan Selat Tiworo Kabupaten Muna Barat yang memiliki ekosistem lamun yang belum dieksplor, oleh karena itu perlu dilakukan penelitian tentang jenis dan tutupan lamun di kawasan tersebut. Penelitian ini dilakukan pada bulan Desember 2022 di Perairan Pulau Maginti. Stasiun penelitian terdiri atas dua yaitu wilayah utara untuk stasiun 1 dan wilayah selatan untuk stasiun 2. Pengambilan data lamun menggunakan metode transek garis dan transek kuadrat. Pengambilan data dilakukan pada 5 transek. Setiap transek memiliki panjang 90 m ke arah laut dengan jarak antar transek 50 m dan jarak masing-masing kuadrat dalam 1 transek sebesar 10 m. Pengamatan kondisi lamun menggunakan frame kuadrat dengan ukuran 50 cm x 50 cm. Penentuan awal transek berdasarkan lamun yang pertama kali ditemukan pada lokasi penelitian (0 m). Data selanjutnya dianalisa untuk memperoleh persentasi tutupan lamun pada masing-masing stasiun, persentase tutupan per jenis lamun, serta persentase frekuensi kehadiran per jenis lamun. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian ditemukan sebanyak 5 spesies yang terdiri dari Enhalus acoroides, Thalassia hemprichii, Halodule pinifolia, Halodule uninervis, Halophila minor. Pada kedua stasiun pengamatan ditemukan persentasi tutupan lamun pada stasiun 1 sebesar 57.50%, sedangkan persentasi tutupan pada stasiun 2 64,31%, sehingga total tutupan lamun pada Pulau Maginti sebesar 60,90%. Berdasarkan nilai total tutupan lamun, dapat disimpulkan bahwa tutupan lamun di Pulau Maginti termasuk dalam kategori padat.
Pengaruh Salinitas yang Berbeda terhadap Embriogenesis dan Daya Tetas Telur Ikan Nila Salin (Oreochromis niloticus) pada Bak Inkubator
Authors: Prihatini Endah Sih , Masâ€™ud Faisol , Shaleh Fuquh Rahmat , Saad, S.Pi.,M.Si Moch , Purnamasari Ika , Ali Mukti , Anam M. Khairul , Intasar Zahrul Arief
Published: March 2024

Inkubator merupakan alat penetas telur ikan yang sudah sejak lama digunakan, aliran air yang dihasilkan di dalam inkubator terjadi upwelling air yang mengakibatkan telur ikan selalu bergerak dan terjadi oksigenasi.Â Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh salinitas berbeda terhadap embriogenesis, daya tetas dan survival rate ikan nila salin pada bak inkubator serta untuk mengetahui salinitas terbaik yang dapat menghasilkan daya tetas telur dan survival rate ikan nila. Teknik pengambilan data dilakukan dengan cara observasi secara langsung dan dokumentasi. Observasi dilakukan dengan mengamati objek secara langsung apabila terjadi gejala-gejala pada subjek yang diteliti, observasi yang dilakukan yaitu proses embriogenesis, hatching rate dan survival rate. Rancangan penelitian menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) yang terdiri dari 5 perlakuan 4 ulangan. Masing-masing perlakuan diulangi 4 kali sehingga jumlah percobaan sebanyak 20 unit. Penempatan hewan uji coba ke dalam 5 perlakuan secara acak. Perlakuan A: salinitas 0 pptÂ  Perlakuan B: salinitas 5 ppt, Perlakuan C : salinitas 10 ppt, Perlakuan D : salinitas 15 ppt, Perlakuan E : salinitas 20 ppt. Analisis data yang digunakan menggunakan analisis ANOVA atau uji F, dan dilanjutkan dengan Uji Jarak Berganda Duncan untuk mengetahui signifikansi pengaruh perlakuan. Perlakuan salinitas berbeda pada penetasan telur ikan nila salin memberikan pengaruh yang sangat nyata terhadap embriogenesis, daya tetas dan suvival rate telur ikan nila salin pada bak inkubator. Perlakuan dengan salinitas 0, 5 dan 10 ppt merupakan salinitas terbaik untuk menghasilkan daya tetas dan survival rate tertinggi telur ikan nila salin di bak inkubator.
Kolaborasi antara Pemerintah Provinsi Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta dan Kalurahan dalam Penggunaan Dana Keistimewaan
Authors: Giawa Analius , Rukoyah Rukoyah
Published: March 2024

Provilege fund is matter that attached to the Province of Yogyakarta Special District as a special autonomous region. The privilege fund has an objective to create prosperity for the socieites of the through the benefit optimalization of each activity done and relevant with the special authority. The Use of Privilege Fund cannot be separated from the synergic collaboration among stakeholders that in this analysis focuses on the Collaboration between Province Government Of the Special Region Of Yogyakarta And Kalurahan Government In in the use of privilege fund. This issue becomes a special attention because the high poverty condition level in DIY, which is based in the village areas. The intertwined collaboration between province. Government Of the Special Region Of Yogyakarta And Kalurahan Government In in the use of privilege fund generally becomes an instrument to increase the rate of economic growth and Yogyakarta societies’ welfare. This research utilized Qualitative Method with phenomenology approach. The data collection technique was performed through observation, interview and documentation. This analysis result indicates that the collaboration built between province and Kalurahan government (village) has not been holistically correlated so that the relation is more hierarchic (top down). Besides, there is an ambiguity tendency towards the spirit of villages to build that causes the low local initiatives and generally the authority possessed by the villages.
Hubungan antara persepsi kualitas hubungan romantis orang tua dan kualitas hubungan romantis mahasiswa di Malang
Authors: Rakhmah Trisna Aulia Nur , Tantiani Farah Farida
Published: March 2024

Dalam sebuah hubungan romantis, kualitas hubungan romantis merupakan salah satu faktor yang dapat mempertahankan sebuah hubungan, dimana individu mengevaluasi secara subjektif hubungan yang dilakukan bersama pasangannya. Kualitas hubungan romantis juga dapat dipengaruhi oleh keluarga terutama dalam hal berhubungan dengan orang lain karena orang tua dianggap penting dan merupakan model bagi anaknya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui ada atau tidaknya hubungan antara persepsi kualitas hubungan romantis orang tua dan kualitas hubungan romantis pada mahasiswa di Malang. Metode penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan metode kuantitatif korelasional pada 402 mahasiswa di Malang yang berusia 18-25 tahun. Instrumen pengumpulan data menggunakan instrumen The Parental Relationship Evaluation Questionnaire (PRE) dengan 34 item (α = 0,986) dan The Perceived Relationship Quality Component (PRQC) dengan 17 item valid (α = 0,944) yang telah diterjemahkan ke dalam bahasa Indonesia. Teknik pengambilan sampel menggunakan convenience sampling dengan teknik analisis uji korelasi Rank Spearman. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa ada hubungan yang signifikan dengan nilai sebesar 0,160 antara Persepsi Kualitas Hubungan Romantis Orang Tua dengan Kualitas Hubungan Romantis Mahasiswa di Malang dengan arah hubungan yang positif. Hal ini berarti semakin rendah kualitas hubungan romantis mahasiswa maka semakin rendah persepsi terhadap kualitas hubungan romantis orang tua dan sebaliknya.
Linguistic methods of explicating precedent phenomena: Preservation and transmission of cultural information (based on "Of Human Bondage" by the English-language author S. Maugham)
Authors: Davydova Anna Robertovna , Sarkisyan Mariana Robertovna
Published: March 2024

The article is an analysis and generalization of the language representation of precedent religious phenomena in the English language. The aim of the research is to identify the features of the linguistic-cultural explication of precedent phenomena based on artistic texts. The scientific novelty lies in the actualization of the valuable constants of precedent phenomena correlated with national culture. The work details the ways of representing precedent phenomena at the linguistic level using linguistic-cultural analysis of key verbalizers. The mechanisms of translating the value-semantic content of precedent phenomena are described, and the linguistic means of objectifying precedent phenomena with a religious orientation are identified. The analysis of examples confirms the pragmatic potential of metaphor, antonomasia, and allusion as effective means of explicating conceptual representations of spiritual concepts embedded in the semantic field of precedentiality. The conducted research was based on the artistic work "Of Human Bondage" by S. Maugham.
Polycode of English texts of medical education: Pragmatic and linguocultural aspects
Authors: Torubarova Irina Ivanovna , Stebletsova Anna Olegovna
Published: March 2024

The aim of the study is to identify the pragmatic and linguocultural features of polycode English texts of medical education. The article discusses the features of polycode medical education texts posted at the World Health Organization website in the section “Multimedia”. The scientific novelty of the study is determined by the fact that, for the first time, polycode texts of medical education are considered as an effective tool for pragmalinguistic impact in the context of communication aimed at a wide target audience with various receptive-cognitive skills. The results obtained demonstrate that polycode texts of medical education presented in the video section are common and possess the widest range of semiotic codes. These texts can be divided into several groups based on the following criteria: mode of presenting information – cinematic and animated polycode texts, and the topic criterion – texts about vaccination, about the fight against malaria, about science in the “WHO’s Science in 5” section, etc. The pragmatic function is supported by the auditory and visual channels and manifested by verbal and non-verbal sign systems. The information is aimed at various population groups and belongs to mass communication.
¿Es bueno ser Rey?
Authors: Mateo-Sagasta Alfonso
Published: March 2024

Con idea de poner en cuestión la mejor calidad de vida que disfrutaba la aristocracia en el pasado, nos asomamos a una enfermedad que parecía cebarse con especial inquina en los miembros de ese grupo: la gota. Para ello, seguimos el avance de la enfermedad hasta el mismo óbito de un personaje tan relevante como Felipe II, y en el proceso, aprovechamos para repasar las teorías médicas del momento, los métodos de diagnóstico y tratamiento, así como el papel que desempeñaron los galenos y su consideración en la sociedad.
La enseñanza de las matemáticas en el nivel preescolar en México y Brasil. ¿Hay cambios?
Authors: Solovieva Yulia , Quintanar Luis , Sidneva Anastasia
Published: March 2024

Se analiza el contenido de los programas oficiales más recientes de educación preescolar en México y Brasil. El análisis revela la ausencia de una postura determinante acerca de las matemáticas y carencia de una metodología clara para el nivel educativo preescolar, desde los aspectos psicológicos y pedagógicos. Las conclusiones sugieren que se requiere de una reorientación de los objetivos y de los métodos educativos para el nivel educativo preescolar. Al respecto, la enseñanza de las matemáticas es un tema de preocupación en la pedagogía y la psicología. Tanto en México como en Brasil, dos de los países más representativos de América Latina, se identifican dificultades en la adquisición de las matemáticas. Los resultados de la evaluación internacional PISA han mostrado resultados insatisfactorios.
Análisis teórico sobre la identidad del territorio como una estrategia para el desarrollo local
Authors: Santana Ramos Amisaday , Cruz Cabrera Blasa Celerina , Castillo Leal Maricela , Acevedo Martínez Jorge Antonio
Published: March 2024

Se reflexiona teóricamente sobre las estrategias de la identidad territorial que se llevan a cabo en algunas comunidades del estado de Oaxaca, las cuales colaboran con el desarrollo local. Para el objetivo del artículo, se detallan los elementos teóricos más simbólicos y se señala que pueden ser valorizados y generar capacidades para el crecimiento del desarrollo local destacando los elementos de cultura, organización comunitaria y riqueza biocultural para la identidad territorial, así como los elementos económicos, sociales y ambientales para el desarrollo local. Finalmente, los criterios emitidos en este trabajo se sustentan en un análisis documental mediante la sistematización y el estudio de los principales casos de éxito de las comunidades con estrategias locales en el estado de Oaxaca.
Examining teachers’ readiness and perception on distance EFL learning in Taiwanese secondary education
Authors: Chen Kate Tzu-Ching
Published: March 2024

This study assessed the readiness and perceptions of 215 secondary school teachers in Taiwan regarding distance English as a foreign language (EFL) learning. Data collection encompassed survey questionnaires, which were refined based on a pilot study. The responses underwent analysis using descriptive statistics, one-way ANOVA, and the Pearson correlation coefficient in the most recent iteration of SPSS. In addition, content analysis was conducted on follow-up interviews. The findings indicated a noteworthy degree of readiness among teachers for distance EFL learning, nonetheless the challenges arising from the abrupt transition to distance education during the COVID-19 pandemic. While teachers exhibited confidence in their ability to navigate EFL distance learning, they also accentuated the necessity for specialized training and institutional support to effectively manage its demands. Despite their preference for traditional in-person classes, teachers acknowledged the importance of ongoing support and training to enhance the quality of instruction in digital EFL learning contexts, emphasizing the need for continuous development in this newly developed teaching trend to align with evolving educational landscapes.
Interferon Regulatory Factor 4 (IRF4) Plays a Key Role in Osteoblast Differentiation of Postmenopausal Osteoporosis
Authors: Wu Xuan , Yang Cuicui , Chen Xiangxu , Shan Zhengming , Wu Xiaotao
Published: March 2024

Background: Postmenopausal osteoporosis (PMOP) is a prevalent disease, which features decreased bone mass, bone weakness and deteriorated bone microstructure in postmenopausal women. Although many factors have been revealed to contribute to the occurrence of PMOP, its mechanism remains undefined. This work aimed to identify significant changes in gene expression during PMOP formation and to examine the most valuable differential genes in postmenopausal osteoporosis versus the control group. Methods: The GSE68303 dataset that contains 12 ovariectomize (OVX) experimental and 11 sham groups was downloaded and analyzed. The results indicated that interferon regulatory factor 4 (IRF4) might be a hub gene in the development of postmenopausal osteoporosis. Western blot and immunohistochemistry were carried out to evaluate IRF4 levels in thoracic vertebra extracts from OVX and Sham mice. To assess IRF4’s impact on osteogenic differentiation in postmenopausal bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BM-MSCs), IRF4 overexpression (OV-IRF4) and knockdown (Sh-IRF4) plasmids were constructed. Results: The results showed that comparing with the sham group, bone samples from the OVX group showed higher IRF4 expression. Alkaline phosphatase (ALP) staining revealed that IRF4 overexpression significantly inhibited ALP activity, while IRF4 knockdown promoted ALP activity in BM-MSCs. Simvastatin-treated OVX mice showed increased total bone volume/total tissue volume (BV/TV) and elevated Runx2 expression by immunohistochemical staining compared with the OVX group. Conclusions: This study demonstrated that IRF4 is associated with OVX induced osteoporosis, it can regulate bone stability by inhibiting the osteogenic differentiation BM-MSCs. This study may help enhance our understanding of the molecular mechanism of PMOP formation, providing new insights into estrogen defiance induced osteoporosis.
No Frequency-Specific Effect of Transcranial Random Noise Stimulation on Resting EEG
Authors: Ke Shih-Chiang , Lo Yu-Hui , Tseng Philip
Published: March 2024

Background: Transcranial random noise stimulation (tRNS) is a form of noninvasive transcranial electrical stimulation that applies alternating current in various randomized frequencies to the cortex, thereby improving cognitive functioning in multiple domains. However, the precise mechanism of tRNS, as well as its impact on human electroencephalography (EEG), remains unclear. This is partly because most studies have used tRNS in conjunction with a cognitive task, making it difficult to tease apart whether the observed changes in EEG are a result of tRNS, the cognitive task, or their interaction. Methods: Forty-nine healthy individuals participated in this study and were randomly assigned to active tRNS (n = 24) and sham (n = 25) groups. tRNS was delivered for 20 minutes over Fp1/Fp2 and Oz. Resting-state EEG data were collected before and after either tRNS or sham stimulation. Results: Cluster-based permutation tests using FieldTrip revealed no frequency-specific effect of tRNS on resting-state EEG data across four frequency bands (theta, alpha, beta, gamma). Conclusions: These observations suggest that tRNS itself does not target or alter specific EEG frequencies. Rather, tRNS most likely interacts with the cognitive task/activity at hand to produce an observable difference in post-tRNS EEG. Positive tRNS-EEG findings from previous studies are also likely to have resulted from the interactive and cognitive activity-dependent nature of tRNS.
Properties of the Caudal Pontine Reticular Nucleus Neurons Determine the Acoustic Startle Response in Cntnap2 KO Rats
Authors: Zheng Alice , Mann Rajkamalpreet S. , Solaja Dami , Allman Brian L. , Schmid Susanne
Published: March 2024

Background: Rats with a loss-of-function mutation in the contactin-associated protein-like 2 (Cntnap2) gene have been validated as an animal model of autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Similar to many autistic individuals, Cntnap2 knock-out rats (Cntnap2-⁣/-) are hyperreactive to sound as measured through the acoustic startle response. The brainstem region that mediates the acoustic startle response is the caudal pontine reticular nucleus (PnC), specifically giant neurons in the PnC. We previously reported a sex-dependent genotypic effect in the sound-evoked neuronal activity recorded from the PnC, whereby female Cntnap2-⁣/- rats had a dramatic increase in sound-evoked responses compared with wildtype counterparts, but male Cntnap2-⁣/- rats showed only a modest increase in PnC activity that cannot fully explain the largely increased startle in male Cntnap2-⁣/- rats. The present study therefore investigates activation and histological properties of PnC giant neurons in Cntnap2-⁣/- rats and wildtype littermates. Methods: The acoustic startle response was elicited by presenting rats with 95 dB startle pulses before rats were euthanized. PnC brain sections were stained and analyzed for the total number of PnC giant neurons and the percentage of giant neurons that expressed phosphorylated cAMP response element binding protein (pCREB) in response to startle stimuli. Additionally, in vitro electrophysiology was conducted to assess the resting state activity and intrinsic properties of PnC giant neurons. Results: Wildtype and Cntnap2-⁣/- rats had similar total numbers of PnC giant neurons and similar levels of baseline pCREB expression, as well as similar numbers of giant neurons that were firing at rest. Increased startle magnitudes in Cntnap2-⁣/- rats were associated with increased percentages of pCREB-expressing PnC giant neurons in response to startle stimuli. Male rats had increased pCREB-expressing PnC giant neurons compared with female rats, and the recruited giant neurons in males were also larger in soma size. Conclusions: Recruitment and size of PnC giant neurons are important factors for regulating the magnitude of the acoustic startle response in Cntnap2-⁣/- rats, particularly in males. These findings allow for a better understanding of increased reactivity to sound in Cntnap2-⁣/- rats and in CNTNAP2-associated disorders such as ASD.
PENERAPAN PAJAK WARISAN DI BEBERAPA NEGARA
Authors: Sabnita Nina
Published: March 2024

Inheritance tax is still a controversial discussion. For the state, its objective is more on income redistribution than revenue collection. This research collects information on how inheritance tax is implemented in several developed countries. Japan, Korea, and the UK are countries that still impose inheritance taxes at quite high rates. As with other taxes, the calculation of inheritance tax also has aspects of reduction and exemption. Tax revenue from inheritance tax is indeed very small, on average it is still below 2% of total tax revenue. On the other hand, there is Sweden which has had an inheritance tax for centuries, but then abolished it. In addition to a small portion of revenue, inheritance tax in Sweden can hamper the economy and demotivate people in doing business.
PENURUNAN TINGKAT HUNIAN INDEKOS DI MEDAN PADA TAHUN 2020
Authors: Prasetyo Kristian Agung , Vierce Purba Merry
Published: March 2024

Hasil penelitian yang dilaporkan di dalam paper ini ditujukan untuk mempelajari keterkaitan antara infeksi Covid-19 dengan tingkat kekosongan kamar indekos di beberapa daerah di Medan. Infeksi Covid-19 diketahui membawa banyak konsekuensi yang tidak diinginkan khususnya terhadap kondisi perekonomian. Dalam konteks pendidikan tinggi, banyak lembaga yang harus menyesuaikan diri dengan menggunakan pembelajaran jarak jauh. Seharusnya, sesuai teori, hal ini akan berkaitan erat dengan peningkatan tingkat kekosongan kamar indekos. Namun demikian penelitian ini memperoleh bukti bahwa ternyata tingkat penularan Vocid-19 justru tidak mempunyai pengaruh signifikan atas naiknya tingkat kekosongan. Justru yang lebih mempunyai kaitan erat adalah harga sewa, terutama pada masa ketika penghasilan menurun karena pengaruh pandemi. Ini berimplikasi pada strategi pemilik kamar untuk mengurangi jumlah kamar indekos yang tidak terhuni.
ScholarOne - Emerging Technology: Empowering Maritime Education and Sustainable Shipping Industry
Authors: Ma Mingfei , Lang Zhanfeng
Published: March 2024

The conference hosted at Dalian Maritime University concerning maritime
education and sus-tainable shipping industry discussed the future of
Maritime Education and Training (MET). With the emergence of new
technologies and enforcement of Ⅳ Amendments of the IMO MARPOL
Convention in 2023 1st January, the future of MET has gained more
inspection. Lectures are con-ducted by scholars from 42 different
institutions under three paralleled sessions. The conference has
witnessed a trend of increasing awareness of society and corporation
collaboration. The consensus of curriculum modification was also
stressed by many speakers. The multi-ple-dimensional application of
technology could be an effective assistance to both the MET and the
future of the industry.
ScholarOne - TEST-RETEST RELIABILITY OF THE PICTORIAL SCALE OF WATER COMPETENCE AND ITS RELATIONSHIP WITH ACTUAL WATER COMPETENCE
Authors: Jidovtseff Boris , Morgado Liliane , Sääkslahti Arja , Howells Kristy , Barnett Lisa , D'Hondt Eva , Costa Aldo , Martelaer Kristine De
Published: March 2024

The Pictorial Scale of Perceived Water Competence (PSPWC) has been
recently de-veloped and the first psychometric studies confirmed good
face and construct validi-ty. Additional research is needed for the
ongoing validation, including test-retest reliability and the
relationship with actual water competence. For that aim the PSPWC was
administered to 124 children, aged from 5 to 8 years. A subtotal of 55
children repeated the PSPWC procedure one week later for test-retest
reliability, while the other 69 children performed the fully aligned
Actual Aquatic Skills Test (AAST) in an indoor swimming pool in order to
investigate the relationship with actual water competence. The results
revealed good test-retest reliability, both at the global level (ICC =
0.81, n = 55) and at individual skill level (Weighted kappa
coef-ficients from 0.58 to 0.90 ), without any significant difference
between the two test occasions. The relationship between PSPWC and AAST
total scores was moder-ate (r = 64, n = 69) and there was no significant
difference between total scores of actual and perceived water
competencies. However, children overestimated their competence in three
specific skills: the back star, swimming on the front and diving in deep
water. These results underline specific situations in which a higher
self-perception of one’s actual water competence level is a risk factor
which could have consequences on children’s water safety. These results
confirm that the PSPWC is reliable and opens new research perspectives
for aquatic education and drowning prevention.
Designations of Origin as Brand for Agro-Food Market: The Case of Spanish Wine Producers
Authors: Garcia-Galan Mar
Published: March 2024

Vine culture is one of the most important farming activities in countries from Southern Europe. In particular, Spain is one of the main wine producing countries in the world. Designations of origin have become important brands in the agro-food market to sell products. In the Spanish agro-food market, designations of origin have been established during the last three decades and wine products have been adapted to these protection forms. Spain can represent a good example of analysis of how PDO`s have been established and how wine products (as the main agro food product) have been adapted to these protection forms. The winemakers have been strongly engaged towards their designations of origin showing a clear commitment to this form of protection of agro-food products, promoting and strengthening their brands, aware that the consumer perceives the product's quality. The presence in the markets of PDO wine is consolidated upon time. Also, during the last three decades Spanish winemakers have faced critical situations. Besides the problems arising, the wine designations of origin maintain a solid presence in the agro-food market, giving a solid base to firms.
Scientific Machine Learning (SciML) Surrogates for Industry, Part 1: The Guiding Questions
Authors: Rackauckas Christopher Vincent , Abdelrehim Anas
Published: March 2024

Surrogates are rapidly growing in importance as a technique from scientific machine learning for accelerating modeling and simulation. However, much of the current work on surrogate modeling has kept to the domain of academic literature and many techniques have not broadly been adopted in standard industrial practices. What is required for surrogates to become commonplace or standard in industrial design and control? In this position paper we discuss the various challenges associated with translating surrogate techniques of scientific machine learning into a method for industrial usage. We highlight the issues which academic oriented research overlooks that prevent these techniques from scaling to real world applications that are maintained by engineers with no machine learning background. We then motivate a series of requirements that address these issues which allow these techniques to be reliable and usable in those very same environments. This then then become the design basis of a new surrogates-enabled component-based modeling software, JuliaSim which democratizes the process of generating surrogates by engineers without requiring machine learning expertise.
教育施設へのアクセシビリティ：背景・状況・構造を考究する
Authors: Watanabe Naoto
Published: March 2024

教育・子育てに関して様々な課題が指摘される昨今、子育て支援の必要性が高まっている。そのような中で、子育て・教育に関連する施設のアクセス性を高めることが求められてきている。本研究では、アクセス性向上のための一資料として、教育施設へのアクセスにつながる背景要因を考究した。方法は、「教育施設親近感尺度」及び「生活状況尺度」の二尺度を作成し、乳幼児を子育て中の保護者を対象にアンケート調査を行った。基本統計量を算出後、因子分析を行い、その結果を基準に共分散構造分析を行った。分析の結果、因子分析では二尺度それぞれ二因子が確認された。共分散構造分析では、子育て・教育に関する情報への興味・関心が、アクセス促進につながることが認められた。
A fragmented field: Construct and measure proliferation in psychology
Authors: Anvari Farid , Alsalti Taym , Oehler Lorenz , Hussey Ian , Elson Malte , Arslan Ruben C.
Published: March 2024

We examined the extent to which constructs and measures have proliferated in psychological science. We integrated two large databases obtained from the American Psychology Association (APA) that they have used to keep track of constructs, measures, and research in the psychological science literature for the past 30 years. Our descriptive analyses finds that (i) thousands of new constructs and measures are published each year, (ii) most measures are used very few times, and (iii) there is no trend towards consensus or standardization in the use of constructs and measures; in fact, there is a slight trend towards even greater fragmentation over time. That is, constructs and measures are proliferating. We conclude that measurement in the psychological science literature is fragmented, creating problems such as redundancy and confusion, and stifling cumulative scientific progress. We conclude by providing suggestions for what researchers can do about this problem.
Reading a graph is like reading a paragraph
Authors: Boger Tal , Franconeri Steven
Published: March 2024

Vision provides rapid processing for some tasks, but encounters strong constraints for others. Although many tasks encounter a capacity limit of processing 4 visual objects at once, some evidence suggests far lower limits for processing relationships among objects. What is our capacity limit for relational processing? If it is in- deed limited, then people may miss important relationships between data values in a graph. To test this question, we asked people to explore graphs of trivially simple 2x2 datasets, and found that half of viewers missed surprising and improbable relation- ships (e.g., a child’s height decreasing over time). These relationships were spotted easily in a control condition, which implicitly directed viewers to prioritize inspect- ing the key relationships. Thus, a severe limit on relational processing, combined with a cascade of other capacity-limited operations (e.g., linking values to semantic content), makes understanding a graph more like slowly reading a paragraph than immediately recognizing an image. These results also highlight the practical impor- tance of ‘data storytelling’ techniques, where communicators design graphs that help their audience prioritize the most important relationships in data.
Competitiveness versus cooperativeness linked to leisure activities in young university students in Spain
Authors: Garcia-Galan Mar , Merino Jaime M. , Roman Angel
Published: March 2024

Leisure activities promote the interaction of people, improving relationships. Young people live in a process of psychological and physiological development, and competitiveness and cooperativeness, two elements of analysis in social relations, are important among young people who are shaping their social development. To explore the relationship among leisure interest and self consideration of competitive and cooperativeness of young university students, we have performed a survey. The data were statistically processed using ad hoc scripts. We found that the interest in board games, videogames, sport, and music listening is high for the majority of the students, in contrast with the interest of reading. Students interested in board games have some interest in video games and reading, without any correlation with sports and a negative correlation with music. Students who have a high interest in video games show a high interest in sports, obtaining the maximum correlation. Students who show interest in sports have no other preference besides the video games analyzed, with low correlation with reading and music. The high interest shown correlates well with a high consideration of being a competitive person and a cooperative person but with a distinguishable concentration on higher values for cooperativeness than for competitiveness.
Impact of Job Environment on Performance of Private School Teachers in Birendranagar
Authors: Khanal Rishi
Published: March 2024

Many researchers claim that competencies and thus performance of teachers depend upon their attitude towards job related factors experienced by them. However, this relationship is unknown in out context. This study thus explores if the attitudes and satisfaction of the teachers working in private schools of Birendranagar toward salary, work policy, social environment, career development opportunity and work life balance have any relationship with job performance. This research uses multiple regression analysis to arrive at the conclusion based on the data collected from 104 samples of teachers from thirteen private schools who were selected using convenient sampling method. Survey was done using a questionnaire developed after review of the literature in national and international contexts. Performances of the samples were established based on the rating by the principals of the respective schools on different relevant dimensions. We found that salary had significant impact on the performance whereas the other independent variables–work policy, social environment, career development opportunities and work life balance were not found having significant relationship on job performance. This study helps the school principals and administrators understand a roadmap for good performance management and build performance oriented culture by ensuring positive workplace experience in employees. If the guidelines has word limitation, do accordingly. If not around 200 words is okay.
Changing Trends of Migration in Nepal
Authors: Shrestha Lumanti
Published: March 2024

This paper aims at analyzing the changing trends of migration that have turned the world into a global village. The study focuses on how migration has affected all aspects of life including social, economic and demographic; and how it is affected by different factors like spatial variation in labour supply and demand, determined by economic concepts guided by wage differences, geographical opportunities and constraints. In the past, migration was limited to Tibet for trade and India for labour and trade. Later, as Lahure and British Gorkhali, they moved to Pakistan and India to serve as army. The major findings of this study shows that the top destination for the migrants who aspire for better survival are Malaysia, GCC countries remained the destination for economic reasons with moderate education level and the developed countries became the destination for high economic class step there for accomplishing their further study. The ratio of Male and female migrants has not only vast differences but also their prioritized destination also differs due to the kind of work they chose. Nepalese labour migration was badly affected by the COVID-19 pandemic due to restriction despite having labour approvals. Later many new destinations have been opened with options of work type. This article is mainly based on secondary data collected from different articles published in journals related to migration, regular reports published by CBS, NLMR, IOM and others.
Qualification and Experience on A 617 and C 263 Boiler Tubes
Authors: Schraven Patrik
Published: March 2024

SMST is producing Ni alloy Boiler tubes since more than 10 years with application in several test loops and R&D programs. This paper will give an overview about the experience with the common grades A617 as well as C263 plus some additional information on the new developed austenitic material “Power Austenite MoW”.
Development and Trial Manufacturing of Ni-Base Alloys for Coal Fired Power Plant with Temperature Capability 800°C
Authors: Imano Shinya , Sato Naoya , Kamoshida Hironori
Published: March 2024

Large scale components of the conventional 600°C class steam turbine were made of the ferritic steel, but the steam turbine plants with main steam temperatures of 700°C or above (A-USC) using the Ni-base superalloys are now being developed in order to further improve the thermal efficiency. The weight of the turbine rotor for the A-USC exceeds 10ton. A lot of high strength superalloys for aircraft engines or industrial gas turbines have been developed up to now. But it is difficult to manufacture the large-scale parts for the steam turbine plants using these conventional high strength superalloys because of their poor manufacturability. To improve high temperature strength without losing manufacturability of the large scale components for the A-USC steam turbine plants, we developed Ni-base superalloy USC800(Ni-23Co-18Cr-8W-4Al-0.1C [mass %]) which has temperature capability of 800°C with high manufacturability achieved by controlling microstructure stability and segregation property. The 700°C class A-USC materials are the mainstream of current development, and trial production of 10 ton-class forged parts has been reported. However, there have been no reports on the development and trial manufacturing of the A-USC materials with temperature capability of 800°C. In this report, results of trial manufacturing and its microstructure of the developed superalloy which has both temperature capability 800°C and good manufacturability are presented. The trial manufacturing of the large forging, boiler tubes and turbine blades using developed material were successfully achieved. According to short term creep tests of the large forging and the tube approximate 100,000h creep strength of developed material was estimated to be 270MPa at 700 °C and 100MPa at 800°C.
Microstructural Change after Long-Term Creep Exposure in High Cr Steel Forgings for Ultrasupercritical Steam Turbine Rotors
Authors: Mikami Masato , Sawada Kota , Kobayashi Satoru , Hara Toru , Kimura Kazuhiro
Published: March 2024

Microstructural change of 10 % Cr steel trial forgings subjected to different heat treatment conditions which aim to improve the creep rupture strength and microstructural stability during creep was investigated. Creep rupture strength of the forging subjected to the quality heat treatment with the austenitizing temperature of 1090° C is higher than that of the forging solution treated at 1050°C, however, the difference of creep rupture strength is reduced in the long-term region around 40,000 h. Decrease in creep rupture ductility of the forging until 43,300 h is not observed. Progress of the martensite lath recovery in the forging solution-treated at 1090°C is slower than that in the forging austenitized at 1050°C. Higher temperature solution treatment suppresses the recovery of lath structures. Formations of Z-phase are found in the specimens creep-ruptured at 37,300 h in the forging solution-treated at 1050°C and at 43,400 h in the forging austenitized at 1090°C. Z-phase precipitation behavior in this steel is delayed in comparison with the boiler materials, regardless of austenitizing temperature.
Rotor Forgings for Steam Turbines with High Efficiency
Authors: Blaes N. , Donth B. , Diwo A. , Bokelmann D.
Published: March 2024

The European Cost programmes have led to the development of improved creep resistant 9%-Cr-steels alloyed with boron, which are designed for turbine shafts subjected to steam temperatures up to 620°C. The production of forgings in steel Cost FB2 for application in power plants has commenced. Production experience and results are presented in the paper. Beyond that, Saarschmiede participates in projects targeting at steam temperatures above 700°C. In the frame of a Japanese development programme the worldwide largest trial shaft in a modified Alloy 617 Ni-Base material has been manufactured successfully from a 31 t- ESR ingot. Manufacturing route and results are presented. Contributing to the European NextGenPower project Saarschmiede has started activities to produce a large rotor forging in Alloy 263. Simulations of main manufacturing steps have been performed and a large trial forging has been produced from a triple melt ingot. First results are presented.
Potential Effects of HAZ Hardness on Use of T24 Tubing for Waterwall Applications
Authors: Moody P. , Barnard P.
Published: March 2024

T24 tube material (7CrMoVTiB10-10), with its combination of high creep strength and potential to be welded without using preheat, is regarded as a candidate waterwall material for Ultra Supercritical (USC) boilers. However, its reputed sensitivity to hydrogen and potential for secondary hardening may have adverse impacts on construction of waterwall panels. Doosan Babcock Ltd have investigated the response of welds made in T24 tubing to secondary hardening via changing hardness in a series of ageing heat treatment trials. Also, the response of the material to hydrogen infusion has been investigated
Misorientation Change Caused by the Precipitation Strengthening through Several MX Type Precipitates in High Cr Ferritic Creep Resistant Steels
Authors: Yamagata Ryosuke , Hasegawa Yasushi
Published: March 2024

In order to study the effect of precipitation strengthening by MX precipitates on the restriction of microstructure degradation in 9 mass% Cr ferritic heat-resistant steels, V, Nb additioned model steels were evaluated by microstructure analysis through TEM and EBSD with reference to the creep test and creep interrupting test. VN precipitation increased the creep strength if the content was higher than 0.02%. Simultaneous addition of Nb and V in the specimen resulted in the complex NbC-VN precipitates even in the as-heat-treated specimens. The coherent and fine-needle-type VN was also detected in the steel. These precipitates are expected to increase the creep strength according to the creep strain curves. V variation up to 0.02% did not affect the crystallographic character of the grain boundary in the as-heat-treated specimens. Nb variation affected the crystallographic character of the grain boundary significantly because of the grain refinement effect of NbC. VN precipitation during the creep test restricted the crystallographic misorientation-angle-profile degradation. Integrating all intragranular precipitates, VN, restricts the crystallographic degradation significantly. The long-term creep test results and the precise precipitation analysis will be disclosed by the presentation.
Effects of Cr and W Content in High Cr Ferritic Heat-Resistant Steels on Long-Term Creep Rupture Strength
Authors: Mito Yusuke , Miki Kazuhiro , Azuma Tsukasa , Ishiguro Tohru , Tamura Osamu , Murata Yoshinori , Morinaga Masahiko
Published: March 2024

The effects of Cr and W on the creep rupture life of 8.5-11.5Cr steels at 650°C were evaluated. Throughout this paper the specimen composition is expressed in mass percent. The creep rupture life of 8.5Cr steel is the longest in 8.5-11.5Cr steels at 650°C under the stress of 78MPa. The creep rupture life of 9Cr steel at 650°C was extended with increasing W content. The creep strength of the modified steel, 9Cr-4W-3Co-0.2V-NbBN steel, at 650°C did not decrease sharply up to 32000h. The 105h creep rupture temperature of this steel under the stress of 100MPa was estimated to be approximately 635°C using Larson-Miller parameter. M23C6 type carbides and VX type carbonitrides were observed on the lath boundary of the modified steel. The stability of these precipitates in the modified steel is likely to suppress the degradation of the long term creep strength at 650°C.
Verification of Long Term Creep Rupture Strength and Component Fabricability of Candidate Ni-Based Materials for A-USC Boilers
Authors: Tokairin T. , Sato T. , Shimada A. , Nakagawa R. , Kitamura M.
Published: March 2024

In recent years continuous and extensive research and development activities have been being done worldwide on 700°C A-USC (Advanced Ultra Super Critical) power plants to achieve higher efficiency and reduce the CO2 emission. Increasing steam temperature and pressure of such A-USC boilers under consideration require the adoption of Ni based alloys. In the Japanese national project launched in 2008, Ni based alloy HR6W (45Ni-23Cr-7W-Ti, ASME Code Case 2684) is one of the candidate materials for boiler tube and pipe as well as Alloy617, Alloy263 and Alloy740H. The most important issues in A-USC boiler fabrication are the establishment of proper welding process for thick wall components of these alloys and verification of the long term reliability of their weldments. In our previous study, the weldability of HR6W was investigated and the welding process for Ni based thick wall pipe was established with the narrow gap HST (Hot wire Switching TIG) welding procedure originally developed by Babcock-Hitachi K.K. In this paper, creep rupture strengths of HR6W weldment were verified by the long term test up to 60,000 hours for tube and 40,000 hours for pipe. In Japanese national project, narrow gap HST welding process was also applied to the welding test for the other Ni based candidate pipe materials. Furthermore, as the practical A-USC boiler manufacturing trials, header mockup test was conducted and qualified for HR6W.
Modeling a Stress Relaxation Cracking Test for Advanced Ultra Supercritical Alloys
Authors: Tung David C. , Lippold John C.
Published: March 2024

Finite element (FE) modeling has been applied to a stress relaxation cracking (SRC) test in order to evaluate the effects of changing sample geometry and material type. This SRC test uses compressive pre-straining to create a tensile residual stress in modified compact-tension specimens and has been used to test 316H stainless steel. The FE model is first used to verify that sample integrity will not be compromised by modifying the geometry. The FE model is then applied to candidate Advanced Ultra Supercritical nickel-base alloys 617, 740H, and 800. It is determined that this stress relaxation test will be appropriate for these alloys.