bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Immune response to an adjuvanted recombinant zoster vaccine in Japanese patients with rheumatoid arthritis receiving upadacitinib (End Zoster-J study)
Authors: Watanabe Ryu , Fujii Hisako , Imai Takumi , Furusawa Yuki , Katsushima Masao , Fukumoto Kazuo , Yamada Yutaro , Mamoto Kenji , Okano Tadashi , Yamada Shinsuke , Hashimoto Motomu
Published: September 2024

Background Janus kinase (JAK) inhibitors have emerged as a new class of disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drugs in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). However, herpes zoster is one of the common adverse events of JAK inhibitors, including upadacitinib, which is especially high in Japanese patients with RA compared to those from Western countries. Recombinant zoster vaccine (Shingrix®) is an adjuvanted subunit vaccine containing varicella-zoster virus (VZV) glycoprotein E (gE) that is effective in adults over 50 years of age. Despite this, no studies have examined its immunogenicity in Japanese patients receiving upadacitinib. Therefore, this study aims to examine the effectiveness of the recombinant zoster vaccine in Japanese patients with RA receiving upadacitinib. Methods This is a single-center, exploratory, interventional, open-label, parallel triple-arm, prospective study. A total of 69 patients (23 in each group) aged 50 years or over and treated with a stable dose of methotrexate (MTX) monotherapy (6–12 mg/week), upadacitinib monotherapy (15 mg/day), or MTX (6–12 mg/week) + upadacitinib 15 mg/day (combination) for at least 1 month prior to study entry will be included. Moreover, all three groups will receive two intramuscular injections of the recombinant zoster vaccine at 8-week intervals. The primary endpoint is the proportion of positive anti-gE antibodies 4 weeks after the second injection. Secondary endpoints include RA disease activity, positive gE-specific CD4 + T-cells, and VZV-specific antibodies at indicated time points. Data on outcome measures will be collected at baseline and at 4, 8, 12, and 20 weeks. Endpoints will be summarized using descriptive statistics from baseline therapy, and results will be compared in an exploratory manner. Discussion Despite the limited generalizability due to its design as a single-center, single-ethnic study, small sample size, and short observation period, this study provides evidence on the effectiveness and tolerability of recombinant zoster vaccine in Japanese patients with RA receiving upadacitinib. Trial registration : This study was registered with the Japan Registry of Clinical Trials (jRCTs051220105) before enrolling the first participants (14 Oct 2022).
Heat impacts on school sports club activities in Japan under climate change and the effectiveness of countermeasures
Authors: Oyama Takahiro , Takakura Jun’ya , Hosokawa Yuri , Honda Yasushi , Fujii Minoru , Nakajima Kenichi , Hijioka Yasuaki
Published: September 2024

Millions of students in Japan participate in school sports club activities, where thousands of heat illness cases occur every year. With future climate change, there is concern about the increased health risks posed to students in sports club activities by the worsening heat environment. However, few quantitative evaluations of the impact of heat on sports club activities and countermeasures under climate change have been conducted. Here, we evaluated the impact of heat and effectiveness of countermeasures based on hourly wet-bulb globe temperature (WBGT) projections under multiple climate scenarios. For the 2060s to 2080s, even under the scenario with strict control of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions (SSP1-1.9), strenuous exercise will be restricted for one to four months in five out of eight WBGT categories defined in this study for Japan and for one to six months in six categories under the scenario with little control of GHG emissions (SSP5-8.5). In three of the four scenarios, unlike in the past, all physical activity should be stopped at least once a week in one or more categories. Countermeasures such as early morning exercise and reducing the frequency of outdoor activities are effective in reducing the risk of heat illness. However, under the most pessimistic scenario, there would be one to four months of restricted periods of strenuous exercise in the warmer regions of Japan, even with such countermeasures. Although heat illness countermeasures are still necessary for sports club activities at present, further countermeasures and behavioral changes are inevitable in the future.
Unraveling Complexity: Mycoplasma Pneumonia Complicated by Hemolytic Anemia, Renal Failure, and Venous Thromboembolism; A Case Report
Authors: Kalwar Asifa , Maqbool Hamza , Kukreja Sandhaya , Zafar Zainab , Ochani Sidhant , Faraz Muhammad
Published: September 2024

Introduction:
Mycoplasma pneumoniae, a common respiratory pathogen, is a leading cause of atypical pneumonia, often presenting with a nonproductive cough, fever, and malaise. While typically causing mild upper respiratory symptoms, M. pneumoniae can lead to severe complications, including hemolytic anemia, acute renal failure, and venous thromboembolism. These complications are relatively uncommon but highlight the pathogen's capacity to affect multiple organ systems. Here, we present a rare and complex case of M. pneumoniae infection complicated by hemolytic anemia, renal failure, and venous thromboembolism in an adult patient.
Case Presentation:
A 58-year-old man with no prior comorbidities presented to the emergency department (ED) with complaints of fever for 12 days, cough, shortness of breath, and generalized fatigue for 10 days. On examination, he was icteric and exhibited coarse breath sounds, and his urine was dark in colour. Despite an initial treatment regimen consisting of ceftriaxone, doxycycline, and methylprednisolone, the patient's condition deteriorated. Investigations revealed pneumonia, hemolytic anemia, and acute renal failure. A respiratory panel identified mycoplasma pneumoniae leading to a diagnosis of complicated mycoplasma pneumonia; his antibiotic regimen was subsequently to azithromycin. The patient was discharged after a week but returned the same day with symptoms indicative of venous thromboembolism. Further evaluation revealed bilateral venous thrombosis and bilateral acute pulmonary embolism, necessitating heparin anticoagulation and a subsequent transition to oral apixaban therapy. The patient was stabilized and discharged, with no complications noted at follow-up.
Discussion
This case underscores the rare but potentially severe extrapulmonary manifestations of M. pneumoniae infection. Hemolytic anemia associated with this pathogen is believed to be due to cold agglutinin antibodies targeting erythrocyte antigens, while renal failure may result from acute tubular injury secondary to hemolysis. Venous thromboembolism, although rare, is increasingly recognized as a complication of M. pneumoniae, particularly in cases where vascular endothelium is directly affected or systemic hypercoagulability is induced.
Conclusion
This case illustrates the complexity of diagnosing and managing severe complications of M. pneumoniae infection, including hemolytic anemia, renal failure, and venous thromboembolism. Early recognition and appropriate management of these complications are crucial to improving patient outcomes and avoiding fatal sequelae.
7aaRGD - a novel SPP1/integrin signaling-blocking peptide reverses immunosuppression and improves anti-PD-1 immunotherapy outcomes in experimental gliomas
Authors: Ellert-Miklaszewska Aleksandra , Pilanc Paulina , Poleszak Katarzyna , Roura Adria-Jaume , Cyranowski Salwador , Ghosh Mitrajit , Baluszek Szymon , Pasierbinska Maria , Gielniewski Bartlomiej , Swatler Julian , Hovorova Yuliana , Wojnicki Kamil , Kaminska Bozena
Published: September 2024

Background
Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) present clinical benefits in many cancer patients but invariably fail in glioblastoma (GBM), the most common and deadly primary brain tumor. The lack of ICIs efficacy in GBM is attributed to the accumulation of tumor-reprogrammed myeloid cells (GAMs) that create the “cold” immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment (TME), impeding the infiltration and activation of effector T cells. GBM-derived αvβ3/αvβ5-integrin ligands, including SPP1, were shown to mediate the emergence of GAMs. We hypothesized that a combination strategy aiming to block the reprogramming of GAMs using a developed 7aaRGD peptide that targets SPP1/integrin signaling might overcome resistance to ICIs and reinvigorate anti-tumor immunity.
Methods
Matrigel invasion assay was used to test the efficacy of 7aaRGD in glioma-microglia co-cultures. We determined the impact of 7aaRGD, administered as a monotherapy or combined with PD-1 blockade, on tumor growth, GAMs accumulation and phenotypes, arginase-1 levels and neovasculature in experimental gliomas. The effects of treatments on the tumor immune landscape were dissected using multiparameter flow cytometry, immunocytochemistry, cytokine profiling and RNA-seq analysis of sorted GAMs followed by CITE-seq based data deconvolution.
Results
7aaRGD efficiently blocked microglia-dependent invasion of human and mouse glioma cells in vitro. Intratumorally delivered 7aaRGD alone did not reduce tumor growth in orthotopic gliomas but prevented the emergence of immunosuppressive GAMs and led to normalization of peritumoral blood vessels. Combining 7aaRGD with anti-PD-1 antibody resulted in reduced tumor growth, with an increase in the number of proliferating, interferon-ɣ producing CD8+T cells and depletion of regulatory T cells. Transcriptomic profiles of myeloid cells were altered by the combined treatment, reflecting the restored “hot” inflammatory TME and boosted immunotherapy responses. Intratumoral administration of 7aaRGD similarly modified the phenotypes of GAMs in human U87MG gliomas in immunocompromised mice. Exploration of transcriptomic datasets revealed that high expression of integrin receptor coding genes in pre-treatment biopsies was associated with a poorer response to immune check-point blockade in patients with several types of cancers.
Conclusions
We demonstrate that combining the blockade of SPP1/integrin signaling with ICIs modifies innate immunity and reinvigorates adaptive antitumor responses, which paves the way to improve immunotherapy outcomes in GBM.
ICAM-1/CD18-mediated sequestration of parasitized phagocytes in cortical capillaries promotes neuronal colonization by Toxoplasma gondii
Authors: Barragan Antonio , Rodriguez Matias , Hassan Ali , Hoeve Arne ten
Published: September 2024

Microbial translocation across the blood-brain barrier (BBB) is a prerequisite for colonization of the central nervous system. The obligate intracellular parasite Toxoplasma gondii chronically infects the brain parenchyma of humans and animals, in a remarkably stealthy fashion. Here, we addressed the mechanisms of BBB crossing by intracarotid delivery of parasites and parasite-infected leukocytes into the cerebral circulation of mice. Unexpectedly, parasitized dendritic cells (DCs) and other peripheral blood mononuclear cells persistently sequestered in cortical capillaries. Post-replicative egress of T. gondii from sequestered DCs was followed by rapid parasite localization within cortical neurons. Infection-induced microvascular inflammation dramatically elevated the sequestration of parasitized DCs while treatments targeting the ICAM-1/CD18 leukocyte adhesion axis with blocking antibodies strongly reverted sequestration. Secreted parasite effectors TgWIP and GRA15, implicated in leukocyte hypermigration and inflammatory activation, strain genotype-dependently elevated numbers of sequestered parasitized DCs in capillaries and cerebral parasite loads. The data unveil that sequestration of parasitized leukocytes in cortical capillaries, with posterior parasite transmigration across the BBB upon egress, constitutes a mechanism for the rapid reach of T. gondii to cortical neurons during primary infection.
Assessment of microplastic pollution on soil health and crop responses: Insights from dose-dependent pot experiments
Authors: Saha Ankita , Baruah Parishmrita , Handique Sumi
Published: September 2024

Microplastics (MPs) are increasingly recognized as environmental contaminants with complex impacts on soil health and crop productivity. This study investigates the effects of MP contamination in soil through field investigation and pot experiments. Field analysis revealed the presence of polyethylene terephthalate (PET) and high-density polyethylene in soil and plant roots, with visible pollution concentrated in the upper layers. In controlled pot experiments, Brassica juncea (mustard) and Lycopersicum solanaceae (tomato) plants were exposed to PET, polystyrene (PS) and nylon (NL) at different concentrations. The plants exhibited dose-dependent responses, with the treatments of 5% and 10% MPs showing the most detrimental effects (p < 0.05) on soil properties, particularly pH and available nitrogen levels. Both species displayed significantly different responses to treatments (p<0.05). Specifically, PS at a 5% concentration notably suppressed leaf area index while 10% NL resulted in reduced root length and chlorophyll content. PET posed the most significant hindrance to root growth. Interestingly, 10% NL with a high Potential Hazard Index score and a rating of hazard category IV, emerged as the most hazardous polymer at concentrations of 1% and 10%, while at 5%, PS had the most significant impact on plant properties. NL had an overall detrimental effect on mustard plants, whereas PS was more harmful to tomato plants. PET affected both species similarly. The results add to the growing information on the potential risks of MP pollution in the terrestrial environment which supports soil health and dependent organisms.
Stroke Presentations in Emergency Care of Nepal: A Mixed-Methods Study Exploring Epidemiological Characteristics and Delays in Acute Treatment
Authors: Rajbhandari Bibek , Shakya Yogendra Man , Maharjan Ramesh Kumar , Aryal Shiva Sharma , Shah Newton Ashish , Yadav Manish , Bhandari Pratiksha , Regmi Sushant , Bastola Santosh , Luitel Shreekrishna , Shah Sujay , Roy Niraj , Satyal  , Joshi Rupesh , Thapa Paras , Regmi Prakash
Published: September 2024

Introduction: Stroke is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide, and timely intervention is crucial for improving outcomes. In Nepal, where stroke care is evolving, understanding the epidemiological characteristics and treatment delays is essential for improving emergency care strategies.
Aim: The study aimed to determine the epidemiological profile of stroke cases and explore the reasons for delays in stroke treatment.
Methods: This explanatory sequential mixed-methods study was conducted in the General Practice and Emergency Department (GPED) of Tribhuvan University Teaching Hospital (TUTH) to investigate stroke presentations and treatment delays. Quantitative data collection involved analyzing medical records from August 2022 to September 2023 to establish the epidemiological profile of stroke cases. In addition, 18 in-depth interviews were conducted between February 2024 and March 2024, including 10 stroke patients and 8 family members, to investigate factors contributing to treatment delays. Data analysis included descriptive statistics for quantitative data using STATA version 17 and rapid analysis for qualitative data using MS Excel.
Results: The prevalence of stroke among patients was 2.96% [95% CI: 2.86-3.10], with ischemic stroke being the most common type at 76.34% [95% CI: 73.52-79.06]. The average age of stroke patients was 61.79 years, and 60% of the patients were male. The qualitative findings revealed several important factors that contributed to delays in treatment, such as a lack of awareness of symptoms, limited access to thrombolysis services, delayed diagnosis due to atypical presentation by healthcare professionals, and financial obstacles to accessing treatment.
Conclusions: These findings highlight the importance of enhancing stroke symptom recognition, improving access to thrombolysis services, and addressing financial barriers to treatment. Policy interventions to promote stroke awareness and enhance healthcare infrastructure are warranted to reduce treatment delays and improve patient outcomes.
Subcortical imaging-derived phenotypes are associated with the risk of Parkinson’s disease: A Mendelian Randomization Study
Authors: Chen Zhichun , Liu Jun , You Yong
Published: September 2024

Background
The abnormalities of subcortical structures, such as putamen and caudate, play a key role in the occurrence of Parkinson’s disease (PD); however, whether and how imaging-derived phenotypes (IDPs) in subcortical structures are causally associated with the risk of PD remain poorly understood.
Methods
The causal associations between subcortical IDPs from UK biobank and risk of PD were evaluated with bidirectional two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) studies.
Results
Totally five subcortical IDPs were found to be causally associated with the risk of PD. Among these IDPs, IDP 168 (Global volume of subcortical gray matter, OR = 1.38 [1.16, 1.63], P = 1.82 x 10− 4), IDP 214 (Right putamen volume, OR = 1.31 [1.15, 1.50], P = 7.71 x 10− 5) and IDP 1441 (T2* signal in right caudate, OR = 1.21 [1.09, 1.35], P = 5.23 x 10− 4) were found to be associated with increased risk of PD. In contrast, IDP 1358 (Mean intensity in right caudate, OR = 0.72 [0.62, 0.85), P = 6.77 x 10− 5) and IDP 1344 (Mean intensity in left caudate, OR = 0.76 [0.65, 0.88], P = 3.23 x 10− 4) were associated with reduced risk of PD.
Conclusions
The specific imaging features of the caudate and putamen are causally associated with altered risk of developing PD, thereby providing new insights into the development of novel predictive imaging biomarkers and therapies for PD patients.
Perceptions of Police among Juvenile Probationers in Sargodha, Pakistan: Influencing Factors and Implications
Authors: Ali Zeeshan
Published: September 2024

The purpose of the study was to investigate the attitudes, beliefs, and feelings that juveniles hold towards law enforcement officers and to identify the factors that shape juveniles' perceptions of the police, including personal experiences, interactions with law enforcement, community environment, and socio-cultural factors in Sargodha city. To achieve the intended objectives of the study, data were collected, analyzed and interpreted. Questionnaire was prepared for respondents. Accordingly, 40 juveniles were approached for the study, which were at probation under probation and parole department of Sargodha. Participants were selected using simple random Convenience sampling technique. The quantitative approach has been used in order to analyze the data using statistical data analysis procedures The findings and results obtained from the questionnaire of this study mostly showed that juvenile probationer perceptions towards law enforcement, reflecting a mixture of trust, skepticism, biasness of police and varying experiences. Understanding these perceptions is crucial for fostering positive police-community relationships and addressing areas of concern to build a safer and more inclusive society. In conclusion, addressing the findings of the survey requires a multifaceted approach that focuses on improving police-community relations, enhancing communication and transparency, strengthening accountability mechanisms, promoting fair and unbiased treatment, investing in infrastructure and resources, promoting positive messaging, and ensuring personal safety and trust. By implementing these recommendations, law enforcement agencies can work towards building stronger, more resilient relationships with the communities they serve.
Improvement of the Ecological Efficiency of Synthetic Motor Fuel Production in Ukraine
Authors: Shulga Ihor , Kyzym Mykola , Kotliarov Yevhen , Khaustova Viktoriia
Published: September 2024

Solving the problem of improving energy security is one of Ukraine’s challenges in modern conditions. One of the ways to solve this problem is to organize the production of synthetic motor fuel from the available domestic carbon-containing raw materials. The relevance of developing the production of synthetic motor fuel in Ukraine from non-oil raw materials is associated with the shortage of deposits of traditional crude hydrocarbon and the destruction of the last processing capacities due to russian aggression. The article aims to substantiate the possibility of efficiently producing synthetic motor fuels from the available mineral hydrocarbon raw materials. Analyzing the existing deposits of hydrocarbons allowed for determining low-metamorphosed coal as the most expedient raw material base. A comparative analysis of various technologies made it possible to suggest the organization of the production of synthetic motor fuel through indirect hydrogenation, followed by fuel synthesis in the Fischer–Tropsch process. Calculations performed for low-metamorphosed Ukrainian coal showed the technical and environmental efficiency of the hydrogen enrichment of synthesis gas. To enrich synthesis gas with hydrogen, it was proposed to cooperate with producing synthetic motor fuel with coal mines (suppliers of raw materials, including methane for the production of additional hydrogen) or coke ovens and by-product enterprises that produce hydrogen-rich coke oven gas.
Specialty Melons Grown under High Tunnel Conditions Yield Good to Excellent Internal Quality
Authors: Bilenky Moriah T. , Perry Rachel , Nair Ajay
Published: September 2024

Interest in local foods, especially locally grown fruit, is increasing. High tunnel vegetable growers are strategically poised to meet this demand by growing specialty melons (Cucumis melo). Although specialty melons are commonly grown in high tunnels in other parts of the world, it is an uncommon practice in the midwestern United States. The objectives of this study were to evaluate 10 specialty melon cultivars for high tunnel production and measure fruit yield and internal quality. Fruit of the cultivar Eden’s Gem yielded the greatest number of marketable fruits per plant; however, these melons are small and have a loose cavity. Fruit of the cultivars Honey Orange and Divergent yielded the largest marketable fruit per plant with tighter cavities; however, the cavities were large. All cultivars had good to excellent internal quality in terms of sugar content. The production of specialty melons in the high tunnel was successful, resulting in the production of melons with good to excellent internal quality, and several yielded three to four marketable fruit per plant. Implementing a strong pest management plan for cucumber beetle (Diabrotica undecimpunctata howardi) and powdery mildew (Erysiphe cichoracearum, Sphaerotheca fuliginea) is recommended to prevent yield loss, especially in locations such as the Midwest, where cucumber beetles often vector bacterial wilt (Erwinia tracheiphila).
Yeni Çağın Dengeleyicisi? Gelir Eşitsizliği ve Dijitalleşme Arasındaki İlişkiyi Keşfetmek
Authors: Çalışır Yusuf Can , Gülen Kerem
Published: September 2024

Bu çalışma, 2005-2020 yılları arasında farklı gelir düzeylerine sahip ülkeler için öne çıkan dijitalleşme göstergeleri aracılığıyla dijitalleşme ve gelir eşitsizliği arasındaki ilişkinin anlaşılmasını geliştirmeyi amaçlamaktadır. Dijitalleşme, modern ekonomilerin ve toplumların önemli bir bileşeni haline gelmiş olup, bilgiye erişimi kolaylaştırmakta, verimliliği artırmakta ve ekonomik büyümeyi desteklemektedir. Ancak, dijitalleşmenin gelir eşitsizliği üzerindeki etkileri hakkında daha derinlemesine bilgi sahibi olmak gerekmektedir. Çalışma kapsamında 39 yüksek gelirli ve 26 orta gelirli ülke için çeşitli panel regresyon tahmincileri üzerinden analizler gerçekleştirilmiştir. Dijitalleşmeyi temsilen kullanılan değişkenlerin etkileri örneklemlere göre farklılık göstermektedir. Her 100 kişi başına internet kullanımında yaşanan artış, tüm düzeylerde daha düşük Gini katsayısı değerleriyle ilişkilidir. Ayrıca her 100 kişi başına mobil abonelik kullanımı, küresel düzeyde ve yüksek gelirli ülkeler grubunda gelir eşitsizliğini azaltmaktadır. Ulaşılan sonuçlar, dijitalleşmenin gelir eşitsizliği üzerinde negatif bir etkiye sahip olduğunu göstermektedir.
Toward a novel Sustainability Transparency Index for improved governance in agri-food value chains: A comparative study of Finnish and Ukrainian companies
Authors: Makarenko Inna , Steiner Bodo , Yuhai Kateryna
Published: September 2024

The paper addresses ESG-based disclosure and transparency measurement in the context of a comparative analysis of Finnish and Ukrainian agri-food businesses based on the Sustainability Transparency Index (STI) and Sustainable Development Goals (SDG). Based on the normalization method, SDG-related text mining, and qualitative text analytics, the sustainability information of the largest agri-food companies was traced. Among GRI, ISSB, and ESRS disclosure standards, only GRI 13 has clearly established SDG alignment with most material stakeholders’ requests. The results of the study give a snapshot of sustainability transparency in the agri-food business in 2023, where the indices of Finnish companies are higher than those of Ukrainian ones, with clear SDG 12, waste and water management priority compared to SDG 2 and sustainable agriculture in Ukraine. Regulatory recommendations based on a comparative analysis of sustainability disclosure in both countries include better alignment with EU (Finnish) benchmarks, reporting and assurance practices for Ukrainian companies, and the incorporation of recent EU sustainability disclosure approaches for Finnish companies.
Acknowledgment Inna Makarenko gratefully acknowledges the support of the Academy of Finland (Decision 353888).
 
Impact of customer satisfaction on commercial banks in Nepal: Insights from a survey-based study
Authors: Mani Upadhyaya Yadav , Raj Ghimire Shiva , Agarwal Nirdosh , Raj Kharel Khom
Published: September 2024

This study investigates how various service quality dimensions affect customer satisfaction in commercial banks across Nepal. The objective of this study is to examine the impact of key service quality dimensions (responsiveness, empathy, assurance, communication, and overall service quality) on customer satisfaction in commercial banks in Nepal. A survey-based quantitative approach was employed, collecting data from 399 customers in Nepal. The study utilizes multiple linear regression analysis and hypothesis testing to determine the relationship between these factors and customer satisfaction. The results indicate that communication, assurance, and service quality positively influence customer satisfaction, with a moderate mean score of 2.317949 out of 5 and moderate variability (SD = 0.479612). These three factors are key contributors, accounting for 41.5% of the variation in satisfaction, whereas empathy and responsiveness have weaker or insignificant impacts. The study concludes that enhancing communication and service quality is crucial for improving customer satisfaction, which is essential for sustainable growth in Nepal’s financial sector.
The effect and mechanism of subsidies on green total factor productivity of enterprises
Authors: Qian Jiali , Zhou Yinxiang
Published: September 2024

Improving green total factor production is crucial to addressing the issue of environmental pollution and global climate change. Government subsidy policy is the key institutional arrangement to improve green total factor productivity. It is of great significance to explore the impact of government subsidy policy on green total factor productivity. Based on A-share listed companies from 2007 to 2022, this study empirically tested the impact of government subsidy policies on enterprises’ improvement of green total factor productivity and its mechanism, as well as conducting an in-depth study on the nature of enterprise property rights, regional, industrial, and firm heterogeneity. The findings are as follows: First, government subsidies have a significant promoting effect on the green total factor productivity of enterprises, and the conclusion is still valid after sensitivity analysis and robustness test. Second, the mechanism test discovered that the resource and signal attributes of government subsidies can boost green total factor productivity by alleviating enterprises financing limitations. Third, further research finds that the promotion effect of government subsidies on green total factor productivity of enterprises is more significant in nonstate-owned enterprises, enterprises in the eastern and western regions, high-tech enterprises and nonhigh-polluting enterprises.
1,2,3-Triazole Linked 7-Chloroquinoline Hybrids: A Promising Pharmacophore for Biological Applications
Authors: Chand Garima , Joshi Penny , Kholia Deepa , Joshi Rini , Kumari Amrita , Upadhyay Santosh K.
Published: September 2024

Heterocyclic compounds are fundamental in natural products and pharmaceuticals. The
triazole nucleus, in particular, is a versatile structure present in numerous bioactive molecules. 7-
Chloroquinoline is historically significant for its antimalarial properties and exhibits a broad spectrum
of biological activities, including antiviral, anticancer, antibacterial, and anti-inflammatory
effects. This mini-review aimed to compile and discuss 69 biologically active 1,2,3-triazole hybrids
derived from 7-chloroquinoline, highlighting their enhanced bioactivity when combined
with 4,7-dichloroquinoline. A comprehensive review of the literature was conducted to identify
and analyze the synthesis and biological activities of triazole hybrids originating from 4,7-
dichloroquinoline and 7-chloroquinoline. It was found that the 4,7-dichloroquinoline scaffold,
when coupled with triazole derivatives, exhibited enhanced bioactivity, including antimicrobial,
antimalarial, and anticancer effects. This synergy between the two structures underscores their
potential therapeutic applications. The insights provided in this review will serve as a valuable
resource for medicinal chemists exploring triazoles derived from 4,7-dichloroquinoline and 7-
chloroquinoline. The enhanced bioactivity of these hybrids highlights their significance in the
development of new therapeutic agents.
In silico Discovery of Leptukalins, The New Potassium Channel Blockers from the Iranian Scorpion, Hemiscorpius Lepturus
Authors: Khalili-Salmasi Maryam , Nazarian Ahmad , Amirkhani Amir , Mirzahoseini Hasan , Bagheri Kamran Pooshang
Published: September 2024

Background:

Blocking Kv 1.2 and Kv 1.3 potassium channels using scorpion venom-
derived toxins holds potential therapeutic value. These channels are implicated in autoimmune
diseases such as neurodegenerative diseases, multiple sclerosis, rheumatoid arthritis, and
type 1 diabetes.

Objective:

The present work aims at the discovery and in silico activity analysis of potassium
channel blockers (KTxs) from the cDNA library derived from the venom gland of Iranian scorpion
Hemiscorpius lepturus (H. lepturus).

Methods:

The sequence regarding potassium channel blockers were extracted based on Gene
Ontology for H. lepturus venom gland. Homology analyses, superfamily, family, and evolutionary
signatures of H. lepturus KTxs (H.L KTxs) were determined by using BLASTP, COBALT,
PROSITE, and InterPro servers. The predicted 3D structures of H.L KTxs were superimposed
against their homologs to predict structure activity relationship. Molecular docking analysis was
also performed to predict the binding affinity of H.L KTxs to Kv 1.2 and Kv 1.3 channels. Finally,
the toxicity was predicted.

Results:

Seven H.L KTxs, designated as Leptukalin, were extracted from the cDNA library of
H. lepturus venom gland. Homology analyses proved that they can act as potassium channel
blockers and they belong to the superfamily and family of Scorpion Toxin-like and Short-chain
scorpion toxins, respectively. Structural alignment results confirmed the activity of H.L KTxs.
Binding affinity of all H.L KTxs to Kv 1.2 and Kv 1.3 channels ranged from -4.4 to -5.5 and -4
to -5.7 Kcal/mol, respectively. In silico toxicity assay showed that Leptukalin 3, Leptukalin 5,
and Leptukalin 7 were non-toxic.

Conclusion:

Three non-toxic KTxs, Leptukalin 3, 5, and 7, were successfully discovered from
the cDNA library of H. lepturus venom gland. Gathering all data together, the discovered peptides
are promising potassium channel blockers. Accordingly, Leptukalin 3, 5, and 7 could be
suggested for complementary in vitro studies and mouse model of autoimmune diseases.
A Review of Electrochemical Synthesis and Transformations of Small Organic Molecules: Sulfoximines, Isoxazolines, and Benzimidazoles
Authors: Madurkar Sanjay M. , Singh Girdhar Pal , Sharma Siddharth , Tomar Ritu , Rathore Renu
Published: September 2024

In the realm of synthetic organic chemistry, the environmentally friendly manipulation of
small organic molecules has gained prominence. One particularly promising approach is electrochemical
synthesis, which offers a green and sustainable alternative to using hazardous and toxic
redox reagents. By harnessing electric current from renewable sources like sunlight or wind, electrochemical
synthesis emerges as a viable replacement for conventional methods. This review article
provides a comprehensive exploration of the electrochemical method, delving into its background
and applications in synthesizing and transforming various small organic molecules, including sulfoximines,
isoxazolines, benzimidazoles, and more. This review aims to shed light on the potential of
electrochemical synthesis as a greener and more sustainable way of conducting organic transformations.
Optimizing Brain Drug Delivery: The Role of Nanosuspension in Enhancing Therapeutic Efficacy and Bioavailability
Authors: Ghosh Kanchan , Afrose Naureen , Chakraborty Rideb , Hazra Ahana , Bhowmick Pratibha , Bhowmick Mithun
Published: September 2024

In today’s molecular medicine, delivering therapeutics through the blood-brain barrier
to manage neurological disorders remains a challenge. This is one of the barriers, which could be
potentially solved by nanotechnology; specifically, nanosuspensions are cited to be one of the
most versatile and effective ways. Nanosuspensions of submicron size are a new approach for enhancing
drug solubility, permeability through the blood-brain barrier, and the aspect that contributes
to bioavailability. This work reveals the problems connected with penetration to the blood-
-brain barrier and the notion of therapeutic application utilizing enhanced concepts, outlining the
novelty of nanosuspension. It also provides extensive coverage of formulation methods, stabilizers,
and particle size. Besides, the work also shows the kind of therapeutic agents that are supplied
by nanosuspensions, such as small molecules, nucleic acids, and peptides, as a way of showing the
versatility of the methodology. The focus is especially on the investigations performed in the last
few years with the purpose of improving the therapeutic outcome and the delivery of drug carrier
systems. Compared to other strategies, the work effectively evaluates the bioavailability of several
brain-targeted drugs by means of nanosuspension technology. Therefore, this review suggests the
possibility of using nanosuspensions for therapeutic brain targeting in view of unfulfilled demands
of treating brain tumors, neurodegenerative diseases, and neurological disorders, which marks the
beginning of a new period in the development of pharmaceutical science.
Stability Analysis of l-Power Reciprocal Functional Equation in Intuitionistic Fuzzy Banach Spaces
Authors: Sadani Idir
Published: September 2024

In this study, we explore the generalized Hyers-Ulam-Rassias stability of a l-power reciprocal functional equation in Intuitionistic Fuzzy Banach Spaces.
PENERAPAN MODEL PEMBELAJARAN COOPERATIVE SCRIPT UNTUK MENINGKATKAN KEAKTIFAN SISWA DALAM PEMBELAJARAN PPKn DI MTSN 4 GUNUNGKIDUL
Authors: Susilawati Ani
Published: September 2024

Abstract (Title: Application of Cooperative Script Learning Model to Improve the Activities of Students in PPKn Learning in MTsN 4 Gunungkidul). This study aims to describe the application of cooperative script learning models to increase the activity of students in learning PPKn material position and function of the Pancasila class VIIIA MTsN 4 Gunungkidul. The population of this study was all students of class VIII A MTsN 4 Gunungkidul in Gunungkidul Regency with a total of 34 children. All members of the population are used as research samples. Data collection is done by observation. This observation is carried out to monitor the process and impact of learning needed to organize corrective measures to be more effective and efficient. Observation is focused on the process and results of the learning action along with the events that surround it. The results of the study showed that students' activities in learning had shown high participation, students were able to build cooperation in groups to solve problems faced. Students are able to solve problems, answer questions, present work results well. This shows the activity of students towards subjects is quite high with an average of 55% before the action becomes 76% in the first cycle and becomes 87% in the second cycle. Students' responses to the subjects of Education Authority turned out to be influenced by the learning model used by the teacher. This can be seen from the results which show an increase from the first cycle of 76.9% to 92.3% in the second cycle.Keywords: activity, cooperatif script, participation, Pancasila
COMPROMISING BETWEEN THE GENERAL AND SPECIFIC IN EAP SYLLABUS DEVELOPMENT IN INDONESIAN CONTEXT
Authors: Jamilah Jamilah
Published: September 2024

Abstract(Title: Compromising Between the General and Specific in EAP Syllabus Development in Indonesian Context). The quality of a language program is reflected in the syllabus used from which the aim, contents and belief about language instruction are revealed. Syllabuses for English for Academic Purposes in Indonesian universities have been developed, yet they are not quite satisfactory. This article is to explain how to develop a sound syllabus for EAP in Indonesian context, following the steps: context and needs analysis and syllabus planning. Data were collected through triangulated survey employing questionnaires, observation, document study and discussion. Research participants were students, English teachers, and management staff of Yogyakarta State University. Integrated, theme-based syllabus is proposed that includes study skills in higher education as the general theme, which is completed with specific themes related to students’ disciplines. This way enables both general and specific skills of EAP to be included in a single syllabus. Keyword: syllabus, language program, English for academic purposes, instruction.
KEEFEKTIFAN PEMBELAJARAN CIRC DAN MODEL SINEKTIK PADA KETERAMPILAN MENULIS TEKS DESKRIPSI SISWA KELAS VII SMP NEGERI 12 KOTA MAGELANG
Authors: Suratiah Siti , Suroso Suroso
Published: September 2024

(Title: The Effectiveness of CIRC Learning and Sinectic Models on Description Text Writing Skills  Class VII Students of SMPN 12 Magelang).  The purpose of this study was to identify comparison of the effectiveness between: (1) the use of CIRC; (2) the use of synectics; and (3) the use of CIRC and synectics methods in the teaching of descriptive text writing skill to junior secondary school students. The experimental design that is used is the pretest-post test control group design with two experimental groups, where treatments of CIRC and synectics methods were applied to each group, and one control group got the conventional learning method. The sample of this study was all  of grade 7 students of Junior Secondary School 12 of Magelang Municipality.. The data were collec­ted through assessment rubrics of descriptive text writing skills. The instrument was validated through the content validity with expert judgement. The data were analysed by Anova followed by Scheffe test. The research findings showed that: (1) CIRC method was more effective than conventional  teaching method; (2) the synectics method was more effective than conventional learning method; and (3) the CIRC method was  more effective than synectics method.Keywords: effectiveness, learning, circ, synectics, descriptive text writing.
Effects of a Digital Therapeutic Adjunct to Eating Disorder Treatment on Health Care Service Utilization and Clinical Outcomes: Retrospective Observational Study Using Electronic Health Records
Authors: Palacios Jorge E , Erickson-Ridout Kathryn K , Paik Kim Jane , Buttlaire Stuart , Ridout Samuel , Argue Stuart , Tregarthen Jenna
Published: September 2024

Background

The need for scalable solutions facilitating access to eating disorder (ED) treatment services that are efficient, effective, and inclusive is a major public health priority. Remote access to synchronous and asynchronous support delivered via health apps has shown promise, but results are so far mixed, and there are limited data on whether apps can enhance health care utilization.

Objective

This study aims to examine the effects of app-augmented treatment on clinical outcomes and health care utilization for patients receiving treatment for an ED in outpatient and intensive outpatient levels of care.

Methods

Recovery Record was implemented in outpatient and intensive outpatient services in a California-based health maintenance organization. We examined outcomes for eligible patients with ED by comparing clinical and service utilization medical record data over a 6-month period after implementation with analogous data for the control group in the year prior. We used a logistic regression model and inverse-weighted estimates of the probability of treatment to adjust for treatment selection bias.

Results

App-augmented treatment was associated with a significant decrease in emergency department visits (P<.001) and a significant increase in outpatient treatment utilization (P<.001). There was a significantly larger weight gain for patients in low-weight categories (ie, underweight, those with anorexia, or those with severe anorexia) with app-augmented treatment (treatment effect: 0.74, 0.25, and 0.35, respectively; P=.02), with a greater percentage of patients moving into a higher BMI class (P=.01).

Conclusions

Integrating remote patient engagement apps into ED treatment plans can have beneficial effects on both clinical outcomes and service utilization. More research should be undertaken on long-term efficacy and cost-effectiveness to further explore the impact of digital health interventions in ED care.
Dickinson’s Transcendentalist Vision in Verse, Non-Heteronormativity, & the Saga of a Timeless Literary ‘Couple’
Authors: Ghosh Atrija
Published: September 2024

Emily Dickinson (1830-1886) was born to Edward Dickinson and Emily Norcross Dickinson in Amherst, Massachusetts. The following study intends to critically locate Dickinson’s non-heteronormative stance, adopted in selected love-poems, while also focusing on her personal letters addressed to her sister-in-law, Susan Gilbert. Dickinson, while detesting the submissive docility of a wife, often accepted the burden of acquiescence as a woman of a conservative household and a constrictive era. Nevertheless, prompted by her resentment against that anaemic passivity, she ceaselessly attempted to amend her ‘prescribed’ role – one that goes against the grain of her prized individuality. However, with her final compromise of staying within the periphery of a sequestered existence – she vented her rebellion in the words, expressions, and language that drive her ‘radical’ and often ‘esoteric’ poetry. Dickinson’s verse is markedly bold. In fact, Dickinson’s “God” is nothing short of a patriarch, trying to fortify the male-female binary. Besides examining her feminism, we readers cannot ignore her erotic voice too. Therefore, we must probe into Dickinson’s experiences of ‘otherness’ within the politics of 19th century’s heterosexual culture. Anticipating the late-twentieth-century Sapphic poems and the ‘Lesbian Existence’ as we know it today, Dickinson was already way ahead of her times. The paper explores her treatment of the ‘body’ as a metaphor of transcendence from obligatory heterosexuality, and a quest for alternative gender ideologies. Dickinson’s poetry indeed emerges as a faithful mirror of her turbulent mind, and accordingly follows an uneven trajectory – seeking to sabotage, overturn, and demolish the very notions that it willingly, at times capriciously, erects.
Meat Animal Biologics Discovery Opportunities from the Gut Microbiome: Application of Metabolomics
Authors: Chatman Chamia C. , Olson Elena G. , Mantovani Hilario C. , Majumder Erica L.-W. , Ricke Steven C.
Published: September 2024

Metabolomics is a high-throughput technology that is widely used across disciplines to identify and quantify metabolites in biological samples; however, its use has been limited in meat and animal science. The use of metabolomics, especially in these fields, is often curtailed by challenges with data processing and analysis. Improvements in data analysis platforms have broadened metabolomics applications and offer promise for determining metabolic pathways that directly influence animal health and livestock production. This review will present an overview of metabolomics concepts and current applications of metabolomics techniques in meat and animal science. Furthermore, we present evidence of the need to incorporate metabolomics in a systems biology context for the improvement of livestock production with an emphasis on animal health and production efficiency.
Technological Scheme for Utilizing Exhaust Gas Heat from a Self-Propelled Machine
Authors: Ivanov N. M. , Ivannikov A. B. , Dusantaev A. I. , Krochta G. M. , Krum V. A.
Published: September 2024

The paper shows that the efficiency of the machine and tractor fleet is significantly influenced by operating conditions. It is known that the harsher the operating conditions, particularly those related to climate, the higher the frequency of failures, which, in turn, results in the reduced durability and efficiency of the equipment. One way to mitigate failures and power losses in the motor-transmission unit, as well as improve fuel efficiency, is by utilizing the waste heat from the internal combustion engine. This approach ensures an optimal temperature in the main units of the machinery at negative ambient temperatures. (Research purpose) The research aims to develop a technological scheme for utilizing waste heat from the internal combustion engine, specifically the heat from exhaust gases, to maintain the optimal temperature in the main units of the machine and tractor unit. (Materials and methods) The potential for using exhaust gas heat in the proposed scheme was studied and assessed using an experimental setup. The results were processed using the exergy research method. (Results and discussion) It is found that the power of the exhaust gas heat fl w at various engine operating modes provides favorable conditions for its utilization in the proposed scheme. Based on the research results, a system for maintaining a set temperature regime in the main units and trailer unit of a self-propelled machine was developed and patented. (Conclusions) The presence of significant kinetic and thermal energy in the exhaust gases enables its secondary use. A technological scheme for utilizing the heat of exhaust gases from internal combustion engines has been developed as a system for maintaining a set temperature regime in the main units and trailer unit of a self-propelled machine. The application of the developed system will maximize the utilization coefficient of the heat released during fuel combustion in the engine.