bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Trends and Variability in Precipitable Water Vapor throughout North China from 1979 to 2015
Authors: Peng Wang , Tongchuan Xie , Jiageng Dai , Jingmin Sun , Yanling Wu , Qingli Song , Xin Dai , Hongliang Yuan , Dejun Song , Jinrong Zhao
Published: December 2017

This study analyzed the variability and trends in precipitable water vapor (PWV) in North China from 1979 to 2015. The spatial distribution of annual mean PWV was generally characterized by two high PWV centers in Eastern China and the Tarim Basin and two low PWV centers in Northern Tibet and Qinghai Province and in Inner Mongolia. The levels of seasonal mean PWV were highest in summer, followed by autumn and spring, and lowest in winter. The maximum monthly mean PWV occurred in July and August, while the minimum occurred in December to February. Increasing trends in PWV, with the trend magnitude ranging from 0.1 to 1.2 mm decade−1 over North China, were observed in the radiosonde, ERA-interim, and MERRA-2 PWV data from 1979 to 1999; but a slightly decreasing trend of −0.4 mm decade−1 from radiosonde was found in most regions of North China from 1979 to 2007. A monotonically increasing PWV trend was detected throughout North China between 1979 and 1999, with the maximum trend occurring in summer and the minimum occurring in winter. For the period of 1979–2007, a slightly but less marked decreasing trend was found at most stations in North China in all four seasons.
Biomarker-Based Therapy in Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma: An Emerging Reality?
Authors: Krantz Benjamin A. , O'Reilly Eileen M.
Published: December 2017

Over the last decade, many of the major solid organ cancers have seen improvements in survival due to development of novel therapeutics and corresponding biomarkers that predict treatment efficacy or resistance. In contrast, favorable outcomes remain challenging in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC), in part related to the lack of validated biomarkers for patient and treatment selection and thus optimal clinical decision-making. Increasingly, however, therapeutic development for PDAC is accompanied by bioassays to evaluate response and to study mechanism of actions with a corresponding increase in the number of trials in mid to late stage with integrated biomarkers. In addition, blood-based biomarkers that provide a measure of disease activity and allow for minimally invasive tumor analyses are emerging, including circulating tumor DNA, exosomes, and circulating tumor cells. In this article, we review potential biomarkers for currently approved therapies as well as emerging biomarkers for therapeutics under development. Clin Cancer Res; 24(10); 2241–50. ©2017 AACR.
Alteration of the Tumor Stroma Using a Consensus DNA Vaccine Targeting Fibroblast Activation Protein (FAP) Synergizes with Antitumor Vaccine Therapy in Mice
Authors: Duperret Elizabeth K. , Trautz Aspen , Ammons Dylan , Perales-Puchalt Alfredo , Wise Megan C. , Yan Jian , Reed Charles , Weiner David B.
Published: December 2017

Purpose: Fibroblast activation protein (FAP) is overexpressed in cancer-associated fibroblasts and is an interesting target for cancer immune therapy, with prior studies indicating a potential to affect the tumor stroma. Our aim was to extend this earlier work through the development of a novel FAP immunogen with improved capacity to break tolerance for use in combination with tumor antigen vaccines.

Experimental Design: We used a synthetic consensus (SynCon) sequence approach to provide MHC class II help to support breaking of tolerance. We evaluated immune responses and antitumor activity of this novel FAP vaccine in preclinical studies, and correlated these findings to patient data.

Results: This SynCon FAP DNA vaccine was capable of breaking tolerance and inducing both CD8+ and CD4+ immune responses. In genetically diverse, outbred mice, the SynCon FAP DNA vaccine was superior at breaking tolerance compared with a native mouse FAP immunogen. In several tumor models, the SynCon FAP DNA vaccine synergized with other tumor antigen–specific DNA vaccines to enhance antitumor immunity. Evaluation of the tumor microenvironment showed increased CD8+ T-cell infiltration and a decreased macrophage infiltration driven by FAP immunization. We extended this to patient data from The Cancer Genome Atlas, where we find high FAP expression correlates with high macrophage and low CD8+ T-cell infiltration.

Conclusions: These results suggest that immune therapy targeting tumor antigens in combination with a microconsensus FAP vaccine provides two-fisted punch-inducing responses that target both the tumor microenvironment and tumor cells directly. Clin Cancer Res; 24(5); 1190–201. ©2018 AACR.
Salix alexeii, a new name for the extant Salix elongata L.He & Z.X.Zhang (Salicaceae)
Authors: KOTTAIMUTHU RAMALINGAM
Published: December 2017

Salix Linnaeus (1753: 1015) is the most speciose genus in the family Salicaceae and comprises about 450 species (Argus et al. 2010). The genus is widely distributed in temperate and boreal regions of the Northern Hemisphere and a few species also occur in the Southern Hemisphere (Heywood et al. 2006). China is the centre of diversity for the genus Salix with 279 species (Wang et al. 2015) of these 189 species are endemics (Fang et al. 1999, He et al. 2016).
Evaluating and Improving NWP Forecast Models for the Future: How the Needs of Offshore Wind Energy Can Point the Way
Authors: Banta Robert M. , Pichugina Yelena L. , Brewer W. Alan , James Eric P. , Olson Joseph B. , Benjamin Stanley G. , Carley Jacob R. , Bianco Laura , Djalalova Irina V. , Wilczak James M. , Hardesty R. Michael , Cline Joel , Marquis Melinda C.
Published: December 2017

To advance the understanding of meteorological processes in offshore coastal regions, the spatial variability of wind profiles must be characterized and uncertainties (errors) in NWP model wind forecasts quantified. These gaps are especially critical for the new offshore wind energy industry, where wind profile measurements in the marine atmospheric layer spanned by wind turbine rotor blades, generally 50–200 m above mean sea level (MSL), have been largely unavailable. Here, high-quality wind profile measurements were available every 15 min from the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration/Earth System Research Laboratory (NOAA/ESRL)’s high-resolution Doppler lidar (HRDL) during a monthlong research cruise in the Gulf of Maine for the 2004 New England Air Quality Study. These measurements were compared with retrospective NWP model wind forecasts over the area using two NOAA forecast-modeling systems [North American Mesoscale Forecast System (NAM) and Rapid Refresh (RAP)]. HRDL profile measurements quantified model errors, including their dependence on height above sea level, diurnal cycle, and forecast lead time. Typical model wind speed errors were ∼2.5 m s−1, and vector-wind errors were ∼4 m s−1. Short-term forecast errors were larger near the surface—30% larger below 100 m than above and largest for several hours after local midnight (biased low). Longer-term, 12-h forecasts had the largest errors after local sunset (biased high). At more than 3-h lead times, predictions from finer-resolution models exhibited larger errors. Horizontal variability of winds, measured as the ship traversed the Gulf of Maine, was significant and raised questions about whether modeled fields, which appeared smooth in comparison, were capturing this variability. If not, horizontal arrays of high-quality, vertical-profiling devices will be required for wind energy resource assessment offshore. Such measurement arrays are also needed to improve NWP models.
Advanced pulmonary arterial hypertension: mechanical support and lung transplantation
Authors: Bartolome Sonja , Hoeper Marius M. , Klepetko Walter
Published: December 2017

The development of targeted therapies has transformed the outlook for patients with pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH); however, some patients fail to achieve an adequate clinical response despite receiving maximal treatment. For these patients, lung transplantation remains an important therapeutic option, and recommendations for transplantation are included in the current European Society of Cardiology/European Respiratory Society guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of pulmonary hypertension. Although lung transplantation is not without risk, overall long-term survival rates are good and substantial improvements in quality of life have been reported for lung transplant recipients. In this review, we describe the important considerations prior to, during and after transplantation, including the role of mechanical support, in patients with advanced PAH.
Green light for quantitative live-cell imaging in plants
Authors: Grossmann Guido , Krebs Melanie , Maizel Alexis , Stahl Yvonne , Vermeer Joop E. M. , Ott Thomas
Published: December 2017

Plants exhibit an intriguing morphological and physiological plasticity that enables them to thrive in a wide range of environments. To understand the cell biological basis of this unparalleled competence, a number of methodologies have been adapted or developed over the last decades that allow minimal or non-invasive live-cell imaging in the context of tissues. Combined with the ease to generate transgenic reporter lines in specific genetic backgrounds or accessions, we are witnessing a blooming in plant cell biology. However, the imaging of plant cells entails a number of specific challenges, such as high levels of autofluorescence, light scattering that is caused by cell walls and their sensitivity to environmental conditions. Quantitative live-cell imaging in plants therefore requires adapting or developing imaging techniques, as well as mounting and incubation systems, such as micro-fluidics. Here, we discuss some of these obstacles, and review a number of selected state-of-the-art techniques, such as two-photon imaging, light sheet microscopy and variable angle epifluorescence microscopy that allow high performance and minimal invasive live-cell imaging in plants.
As dimensões dos direitos das águas
Authors: Carli Ana Alice De
Published: December 2017

The dimensions of the water rights Trata-se o presente texto de uma reflexão acerca da importância de se analisar o líquido vital, a água, a partir de três perspectivas jurídicas, quais sejam: a água como direito fundamental dos seres vivos; a água como titular de direitos; e a água como bem jurídico que necessita de um conjunto de regras e princípios para disciplinar a conduta antrópica, a fim de preservá-la e protegê-la. It is the present text a simple reflection about the importance of analyzing the vital liquid, water, from three legal perspectives, namely: water as a fundamental right of living beings; water as a holder of rights; and the legal water as well that requires a set of rules and principles to regulate the anthropic conduct in order to preserve it and protect it.
Contratos administrativos na União Europeia e no Brasil: uma questão contemporânea comum
Authors: Heinen Juliano
Published: December 2017

Administrative contracts in the European Union and Brazil: a common contemporary issue O trabalho expõe analiticamente a concepção jurídica e econômica dos contratos administrativos que, no cenário da União Europeia e do Brasil, tornam útil e necessária a construção de um modelo teórico capaz de responder a algumas dificuldades já identificadas. Entre essas dificuldades, pode-se citar a definição do âmbito de aplicação do regime jurídico de direito público e de direito privado, bem como a harmonização de divergências conceituais presentes em diversas modalidades de contratos públicos, promovidas por diferentes entes do poder público como um todo. Assim, a partir da perspectiva contemporânea, são estabelecidos os limites e as possibilidades jurídicas de uma maior ou menor autonomia contratual por parte da administração pública brasileira e europeia. Por fim, é relevante a análise da Diretiva europeia nº 2014/24 como modelo normativo ao desenvolvimento do tema no Brasil. This paper intent to analyze analytically the law and economic conceptions of administrative contracts which, in the context of the European Union and Brazil, make useful and necessary the construction of a theoretical model capable of responding to some difficulties already identified. Among these difficulties, we can cite the definition of the scope of the legal regime of public law and private law; And the harmonization of conceptual differences present in different modalities of public contracts, promoted by different entities of the state as a whole. Thus, from the contemporary perspective, it establishes the legal limits and possibilities of a greater or lesser contractual autonomy on the part of the Brazilian and European Public Administration. Finally, the analysis of European Directive 2014/24 as a normative model for the development of the subject in Brazil is relevant.
A inaplicabilidade parcial dos impedimentos à eleição de conselheiros fiscais em subsidiárias integrais de sociedades de economia mista: a Lei das S.A. e a Nova Lei das Estatais
Authors: Guandalini Junior Walter
Published: December 2017

Partial inapplicability of the impediments to the election of supervisory board members in subsidiaries wholly owned by mixed capital companies: the Law of Corporations and the New Law of State Companies Este artigo examina os impedimentos à eleição de conselheiros fiscais em sociedades anônimas, sustentando a parcial inaplicabilidade da vedação à eleição de empregados do mesmo grupo para o conselho fiscal de subsidiárias integrais de sociedades de economia mista. Argumenta que nesse modelo societário não há acionistas minoritários a serem protegidos e que não há risco à independência do conselho quando seus membros são empregados da acionista controladora. Conclui que as subsidiárias integrais de sociedades de economia mista não só podem como devem ter, entre os integrantes de seu conselho fiscal, ao menos um empregado público vinculado à sua acionista controladora, como medida de proteção do interesse público e de preservação dos interesses de seu único acionista em face dos órgãos de administração da companhia. This paper examines the impediments to the election of supervisory board members in corporations, advocating the partial inapplicability of the limitations to the election of employees in the same company group to the supervisory board of subsidiaries wholly owned by mixed capital companies. It argues that in this corporate model there are no minority shareholders requiring protection, hence there is no risk to board independence when its members are employees of the controlling shareholder. In conclusion, it demonstrates that subsidiaries wholly owned by mixed capital companies not only can, but also should have, among its supervisory board members, at least one public servant linked to its controlling shareholder, as a measure for protecting both public interest and the interests of its sole shareholder before the company’s management bodies.
RSEQREP: RNA-Seq Reports, an open-source cloud-enabled framework for reproducible RNA-Seq data processing, analysis, and result reporting
Authors: Jensen Travis L. , Frasketi Michael , Conway Kevin , Villarroel Leigh , Hill Heather , Krampis Konstantinos , Goll Johannes B.
Published: December 2017

RNA-Seq is increasingly being used to measure human RNA expression on a genome-wide scale. Expression profiles can be interrogated to identify and functionally characterize treatment-responsive genes. Ultimately, such controlled studies promise to reveal insights into molecular mechanisms of treatment effects, identify biomarkers, and realize personalized medicine. RNA-Seq Reports (RSEQREP) is a new open-source cloud-enabled framework that allows users to execute start-to-end gene-level RNA-Seq analysis on a preconfigured RSEQREP Amazon Virtual Machine Image (AMI) hosted by AWS or on their own Ubuntu Linux machine. The framework works with unstranded, stranded, and paired-end sequence FASTQ files stored locally, on Amazon Simple Storage Service (S3), or at the Sequence Read Archive (SRA). RSEQREP automatically executes a series of customizable steps including reference alignment, CRAM compression, reference alignment QC, data normalization, multivariate data visualization, identification of differentially expressed genes, heatmaps, co-expressed gene clusters, enriched pathways, and a series of custom visualizations. The framework outputs a file collection that includes a dynamically generated PDF report using R, knitr, and LaTeX, as well as publication-ready table and figure files. A user-friendly configuration file handles sample metadata entry, processing, analysis, and reporting options. The configuration supports time series RNA-Seq experimental designs with at least one pre- and one post-treatment sample for each subject, as well as multiple treatment groups and specimen types. All RSEQREP analyses components are built using open-source R code and R/Bioconductor packages allowing for further customization. As a use case, we provide RSEQREP results for a trivalent influenza vaccine (TIV) RNA-Seq study that collected 1 pre-TIV and 10 post-TIV vaccination samples (days 1-10) for 5 subjects and two specimen types (peripheral blood mononuclear cells and B-cells).
B cell, CD8 + T cell and gamma delta T cell infiltration alters alveolar immune cell homeostasis in HIV-infected Malawian adults
Authors: Mwale Andrew , Hummel Annemarie , Mvaya Leonard , Kamng'ona Raphael , Chimbayo Elizabeth , Phiri Joseph , Malamba Rose , Kankwatira Anstead , Mwandumba Henry C , Jambo Kondwani C
Published: December 2017

Background: HIV infection is associated with increased risk to lower respiratory tract infections (LRTI). However, the impact of HIV infection on immune cell populations in the lung is not well defined. We sought to comprehensively characterise the impact of HIV infection on immune cell populations in the lung.

Methods: Twenty HIV-uninfected controls and 17 HIV-1 infected ART-naïve adults were recruited from Queen Elizabeth Central Hospital, Malawi. Immunophenotyping of lymphocyte and myeloid cell populations was done on bronchoalveolar lavage fluid and peripheral blood cells.

Results: We found that the numbers of CD8+T cells, B cells and gamma delta T cells were higher in BAL fluid of HIV-infected adults compared to HIV-uninfected controls (all p<0.05). In contrast, there was no difference in the numbers of alveolar CD4+T cells in HIV-infected adults compared to HIV-uninfected controls (p=0.7065). Intermediate monocytes were the predominant monocyte subset in BAL fluid (HIV-, 63%; HIV+ 81%), while the numbers of classical monocytes was lower in HIV-infected individuals compared to HIV-uninfected adults (1 × 105vs. 2.8 × 105cells/100ml of BAL fluid, p=0.0001). The proportions of alveolar macrophages and myeloid dendritic cells was lower in HIV-infected adults compared to HIV-uninfected controls (all p<0.05).

Conclusions: Chronic HIV infection is associated with broad alteration of immune cell populations in the lung, but does not lead to massive depletion of alveolar CD4+T cells. Disruption of alveolar immune cell homeostasis likely explains in part the susceptibility for LRTIs in HIV-infected adults.
ACESSIBILIDADE DE GESTANTES AO PRÉ-NATAL DE ALTO RISCO
Authors: Vitoria Tayara de Oliveira , Moreira Rita de Cassia Rocha
Published: December 2017

No atendimento em pré-natal, a acessibilidade às unidades de referência deve ser eficiente para atender as singularidades de mulheres que desenvolvem gestação de alto risco. O objetivo deste estudo foi compreender a acessibilidade de mulheres com diagnóstico de gestação de alto risco, atendidas em unidade de referência especializada em um município da Bahia. Trata-se de um estudo qualitativo e quantitativo,exploratório e descritivo. Participaram 24 mulheres, com idade igual ou acima de 18 anos, com diagnóstico de gestação de alto risco registrado no prontuário e acompanhadas em unidades de referência especializada. Os resultados apontaram que a acessibilidade se apresenta fragmentada devido ao desencontro de informações, desconhecimento da rotina de encaminhamentos pelos profissionais de saúde, falta de estrutura física e localização adequada, burocracia para iniciar o acompanhamento no pré-natal de alto risco e fragilidade no sistema de referência e contrarreferência das gestantes de alto risco. Portanto, há de se enfrentar o desafio de reconhecer a fragilidade do sistema de referência e contra-referência para o pré-natal de alto risco socializando e divulgando pesquisas em defesa da garantia da acessibilidade e qualidade no atendimento em pré-natal.
Os Filhos Únicos na Transição para a Idade Adulta: Análise do seu Percurso Escolar e Profissional
Authors: Fonseca António Castro , Oliveira Marta , Silva José Tomás da
Published: December 2017

O objetivo principal deste artigo é examinar o desempenho académico e profissional dos filhos únicos no início da idade adulta. Os dados utilizados para esse efeito provêm de um estudo em que várias centenas de rapazes e raparigas da comunidade foram seguidos desde o ensino básico até ao fim da vintena. Os resultados mostraram que os filhos únicos tinham completado, em média, mais anos de escolaridade do que os seus pares; mas análises mais detalhadas por nível de escolaridade revelaram que a superioridade dos primeiros se circunscrevia ao segmento do ensino obrigatório. Por sua vez, no que diz respeito à transição da escola para o mundo do trabalho verificou-se que os filhos únicos começam a trabalhar mais tarde e têm menos empregos do que os seus pares com irmãos. Nenhuma diferença estatisticamente significativa foi encontrada nas outras medidas de desempenho académico e profissional. Por fim, discutem-se possíveis implicações destes resultados para a educação dos filhos únicos na escola, em casa e na família.
¿La educación cambia? Repensando el sentido y finalidad de una escuela para todos
Authors: Sanz Ponce Roberto , Serrano Sarmiento Ángela
Published: December 2017

Este artículo reflexiona sobre la función y sentido de la escuela actual. Analiza algunos enfoques aportados por instituciones y pedagogos importantes –UNESCO, Nussbaum, Perrenoud, Robinsson, Morin y Gardner–, abordando temas como la actual crisis educativa o cómo educar hoy. Desde el enfoque de capacidades enfatiza la necesidad de educar a la persona desde su contexto, dando un enfoque al currículo inclusivo. Además, plantea la importancia de una educación humanizadora, centrada en la realidad del alumnado, con un modelo que responda a lo que es capaz de desarrollar la escuela. Una educación basada en un modelo que da importancia a formar y no solo a instruir. El artículo presenta conclusiones sobre la práctica educativa que giran sobre: el rol docente, la relación maestro-alumno, el clima de aula, la atención a la diversidad o las metodologías; temas trasversales a tratar cuando se necesita dar un nuevo sentido al acto de educar.
El diálogo como apuesta ética en las escuelas pluralistas
Authors: Ortiz López Juan Eduardo
Published: December 2017

El siguiente artículo tiene por objetivo conceptualizar el diálogo como estrategia enseñable que permite generar procesos de escucha activa, de resolución de problemas, de formación ética y aceptación del otro dentro del contexto de las escuelas pluralistas. Se identifica el diálogo como un espacio clave para la reflexión y para la comunicación, comprendiendo que éste conlleva particularidades como la resistencia o la asimetría en términos de poder. Por otro lado, las escuelas pluralistas basan su estructura en la convivencia de diversas culturas, que se ven beneficiadas por el diálogo entre ellas. No obstante, es necesario comprender que la validación y aceptación de la cultura del otro también transita por la perspectiva ética desde la cual se origina la comunicación entre los actores. En suma, el diálogo constituye una estrategia crucial para la diversidad y la convivencia en las escuelas democráticas y pluralistas.
Os múltiplos domínios da tradução
Authors: Da Costa Daniel Padilha Pacheco , Jesus Silvana Maria de
Published: December 2017

Texto de apresentação do número especial (2017/5) da Domínios de Lingu@gem, intitulado "Estudos da Tradução: Tradição e Inovação".
Tradução Oral à Prima Vista na formação do intérprete
Authors: Loreto Sampaio Gloria Regina
Published: December 2017

A Tradução Oral à Prima Vista (TrPV) é um elemento de relevância para a formação do intérprete e um componente essencial para o desempenho do futuro profissional em muitos ambientes de atuação. Consequentemente, a prática da TrPV se faz presente em cursos de formação bem estruturados. Neste escrito, após uma breve referência à natureza, complexidade e desafios impostos pela TrPV, e tendo como base uma vivência docente extensa da autora, será apresentada uma possível abordagem pedagógica, voltada à aquisição da competência em TrPV e a um desempenho de qualidade nessa modalidade híbrida, situada no espaço fronteiriço tradução escrita e tradução oral.
Tradução juramentada, segurança jurídica e formação do tradutor público
Authors: Pietroluongo Marcia Atalla , Carneiro Teresa Dias
Published: December 2017

O presente artigo versará sobre o ofício do Tradutor Público e Intérprete Comercial (TPIC), regido desde 1943 pelo Decreto-Lei nº 13.609, e sobre o teor do novo Projeto de Lei nº 4625/2016, em trâmite, que pretende alterar significativamente a carreira do TPIC, podendo acarretar graves riscos à segurança jurídica do país. Também será apresentada uma proposta de formação universitária pertinente para todos aqueles que ingressem no ofício, com o intuito de promover o aperfeiçoamento contínuo e desejável para os profissionais em exercício nesse difícil segmento do mercado de trabalho da tradução.
Tradução Automática
Authors: Caseli Helena de Medeiros
Published: December 2017

A Tradução Automática é uma das principais subáreas e aplicações do Processamento Automático de Línguas Naturais (PLN). Em um sistema de tradução automática, a informação em uma língua fonte, fornecida como entrada para o sistema, é transformada em uma versão equivalente na língua alvo. Apesar de mais de 70 anos de pesquisas em tradução automática, as principais estratégias propostas apresentam limitações. Neste artigo, são discutidas três dessas estratégias: a tradução automática baseada em regras, a tradução automática estatística e a tradução automática neural. Neste artigo, apresentamos uma breve descrição de cada estratégia, acompanhada de exemplos que ajudam a compreender as limitações citadas.
influência da segmentação linguística na recepção de legendas para surdos e ensurdecidos (LSE) em documentários televisivos
Authors: Vieira Patrícia Araújo , Santiago Araujo Vera Lúcia
Published: December 2017

Este artigo tem por objetivo apresentar os resultados de uma pesquisa que investigou a influência da segmentação linguística em legendas de velocidade lenta (145 palavras por minuto) e rápida (180 palavras por minuto). Para abordar esta questão, foi realizado um estudo, em duas fases, tendo como corpus trechos de documentários televisivos. A primeira fase verificou o custo do processamento na movimentação ocular em legendas de duas linhas nas duas velocidades com e sem problemas de segmentação linguística. A segunda procurou observar se as respostas dos participantes a relatos e questionários indicavam a influência da segmentação linguística durante a recepção. A pesquisa contou com 16 participantes, sendo 8 surdos e 8 ouvintes, assistindo a quatro trechos diferentes de documentários com a LSE manipulada em quatro condições experimentais: lenta e bem segmentada (LBS), lenta e mal segmentada (LMS), rápida e bem segmentada (RBS) e rápida e mal segmentada (RMS). Os dados estatísticos revelaram que a condição RBS é a mais confortável para surdos e ouvintes na recepção de documentários televisivos. Os resultados sugerem que problemas de segmentação linguística na LSE influenciam tanto no processamento da leitura de legendas quanto no conforto durante a recepção de documentários televisivos.
História Visual da Tradução
Authors: Silva-Reis Dennys
Published: December 2017

A noção dos documentos escritos como única fonte histórica válida é questionada e brotam novos métodos de apreensão da História. É neste contexto que nasce a Iconografia tanto como ramo historiográfico quanto método analítico da escrita histórica. A imagem é considerada um dos artefatos culturais e pode ser utilizada como fonte histórica porque tem o poder de representar, reproduzir ou fazer analogia ao imaginário coletivo ou à história das mentalidades de determinada época ou sociedade. No Brasil oitocentista, muitas foram as expedições que trouxeram os mais diversos artistas e cientistas a fim de catalogarem as inéditas descobertas da terra visitada. Coube aos pintores, desenhistas, litógrafos, retratistas e paisagistas a missão de arquivar visualmente a memória brasileira desta época em que a fotografia ainda não era popular. Tanto pintores oitocentistas como pintores pós-oitocentistas, estrangeiros – como Johann Moritz Rugendas (1802-1858) – ou brasileiros – por exemplo, Benedito Calixto (1853-1927) – deixaram algumas pinturas em que se reconhecem atos de tradução, obras traduzidas e tradutores. O presente trabalho visa estabelecer os artefatos visuais do século XIX que têm por tema a tradução, bem como desvendar o discurso sobre a tradução que tais imagens veiculam.
Guirlandas, antologias, florilégios
Authors: Rimoli Esteves Lenita Maria
Published: December 2017

Vários princípios organizadores podem ser adotados quando se compõe uma antologia, e entre os mais comuns estão os cronológicos e os temáticos. Depois de investigar as origens do conceito de antologia, este trabalho analisa antologias de prosa brasileira traduzida para o inglês de um ponto de vista incomum: o do direito autoral.
Traduzir o Finnegans Wake, paradoxos e liberdades
Authors: Galindo Caetano Waldrigues
Published: December 2017

Este texto pretende apresentar uma visão das possibilidades de tradução do último romance de James Joyce a partir de uma visada que o considera como obra (e concepção linguística) que ultrapassa a distinção entre prosa e poesia e, consequentemente, entre a tradução de uma e de outra.
Mallarmé
Authors: Stroparo Sandra Mara
Published: December 2017

Stéphane Mallarmé tradutor nasce praticamente ao mesmo tempo que o poeta. Aprende inglês apenas para ler e traduzir Edgar Allan Poe, descoberto inicialmente nas traduções de Charles Baudelaire. A relação com a língua se tornará importante em sua vida, definindo até mesmo sua profissão como professor de inglês, e embora também tenha traduzido alguns outros poetas, é à poesia de Poe que dedicará seu grande trabalho. A publicação de sua tradução de The Raven, ilustrada por Manet, marcou época na tradição do livro ilustrado e é bastante mais precoce: 1875. Mallarmé deixou três versões da tradução desse poema e elas nos permitem perceber certo caminho em torno de sua própria compreensão do poema bem como de suas escolhas poéticas. Das primeiras tentativas de tradução, mais formalizantes e literais, até a fluente prosa poética da versão definitiva, as estratégias tradutórias escolhidas pelo autor revelam, como um Beckett avant la lettre, uma ligação direta entre sua reflexão e concepção de poesia, demonstrando um caminho de amadurecimento e busca de efeitos específicos pelo poeta, o início de seu interesse pela língua inglesa assim como as influências definitivas de Baudelaire e Poe em sua obra.
Structure, electronic properties, NBO, NLO and chemi-cal reactivity of bis (1, 4-dithiafulvalene) derivatives: functional density theory study
Authors: Abbaz Tahar , Bendjeddou Amel , Villemin Didier
Published: December 2017

In this work, through computational study based on density functional theory (DFT/B3LYP) using basis set 6-31G (d,p) a number of global and local reactivity descriptors for a series of molecules containing a TTF function which are bis (1,4-dithiafulvalene) derivatives. They were computed to predict the reactivity and the reactive sites on the molecules. The molecular geometry and the electronic properties in the ground state such as frontier molecular orbital (HOMO and LUMO), ionization potential (I) and electron affinity (A) were investigated to get a better insight of the molecular properties. Molecular electrostatic potential (MEP) for all compounds were determined to check their electrophilic or nucleophilic reactivity. Fukui index, polarizability, hyperpolarizability, second order NLO property and natural bond orbital (NBO) analyses have also employed to determine the reactivity of bis (1,4-dithiafulvalene) derivatives.
La Nueva Ruta de la Seda y la diplomacia internacional de negocios
Authors: Lemus Delgado Daniel , Valderrey Villar Francisco
Published: December 2017

En el presente trabajo se analiza la diplomacia internacional de negocios en el contexto de la Nueva Ruta de la Seda, la iniciativa geoeconómica más importante del gobierno chino. Se parte del supuesto teórico de la Interdependencia Compleja de Kohane y Nye, para señalar la magnitud de los obstáculos que se deberán solventar. Asimismo, se plantea como mecanismo complementario la participación directa de actores no estatales en la resolución de los conflictos y se sugiere que las empresas chinas con una participación en los proyectos de la Nueva Ruta de la Seda intervengan directamente en defensa de sus propios intereses comerciales, sin depender de su gobierno o de la diplomacia tradicional. Se debe recurrir a la diplomacia internacional de negocios para acercar las posiciones de las partes involucradas y aumentar las probabilidades de éxito del proyecto.
Umweltwissenschaften an der Universität Heidelberg und der ETH Zürich - zwei unterschiedliche Modelle
Authors: Aeschbach Nicole , Frischknecht Peter , Stauffacher Michael
Published: December 2017

Wie betreibt man Umweltforschung und wie bildet man Umweltwissenschaftler(innen) aus? Die Universität Heidelberg setzt auf ein breites Netzwerk mit vielfältigem Lehrangebot in diversen Fakultäten und in interdisziplinären Formaten für Studierende aller Fächer;
die ETH Zürich hat ein eigenständiges Departement mit eigenen Studiengängen für Umweltnatur- und Agrarwissenschaften. Beide Ansätze haben ihre Stärken und Schwächen.
Effect of somatic cell count on milk fat and protein in different parities and stages of lactation in Holstein cows
Authors: CHEGINI Arash , GHAVI HOSSEIN-ZADEH Navid , HOSSEINI-MOGHADAM Hossein , SHADPARVAR Abdol Ahad
Published: December 2017

The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of somatic cell score (SCS) on milk fat and protein in different parities and stages of lactation in Iranian Holstein cows. Records between June 2003 and January 2014 from 208,478 cows in lactations one to nine in 845 herds, comprising 2,456,303 monthly test-day (TD) records were used. The MIXED procedure of the SAS software with repeated measurements was used. The fixed effects of the model were herd, year-season of calving, month of TD, weeks of lactation, previous dry period length and somatic cell score (SCS) and covariate was calving age. Lactations were divided into six stages and analyses were performed within each stage. Also, different lactations were analyzed separately. Increase of SCS led to increase of milk fat and protein percentage and the increase of milk fat and protein associated with SCS was higher in early stages of lactation relative to later stages of lactation. Also, increase of milk fat and protein associated with SCS was higher in the first lactation rather than later lactations and decreased with increase of parity.
Thermal adaptation in a marine-derived tropical strain of Fusarium equiseti and polar strains of Pseudogymnoascus spp. under different nutrient sources
Authors: Tajuddin Natasha , Rizman-Idid Mohammed , Convey Peter , Alias Siti Aisyah
Published: December 2017

We documented relative growth rates (RGRs) and activities of extracellular hydrolytic enzymes (EHEs) of one marine-derived tropical strain of Fusarium equiseti originally isolated from Malaysia and two polar strains of Pseudogymnoascus spp. from the Arctic and Antarctic under various temperatures and different nutrient conditions. RGRs and relative enzyme activities (RAs) of protease, amylase and cellulase were screened in seawater nutrient assay plates augmented with either skim milk, soluble starch or carboxymethylcellulose with trypan blue, respectively, across culture temperatures between 5°C and 40°C. Measures of RGR were fitted into third-degree polynomial and Brière-2 temperature-dependent models to estimate optimum temperatures for growth (T
opt) and maximum growth rates (RGR
max), and were used to calculate temperature coefficients (Q
10) and activation energies (Ea
) for growth. All studied strains showed highest RGR and RA when grown using a skim milk nutrient assay. T
opt for growth was 25°C in F. equiseti and 20°C in Pseudogymnoascus spp. Only F. equiseti showed cellulase activity. These data suggest a preference for protein-based substrates over plant-derived substrates for metabolism in these fungal strains. The tropical F. equiseti could utilise higher levels of thermal energy for growth than the polar strains of Pseudogymnoascus spp., implying adaptation of these fungi to different bioclimatic regions.
A Kalman filtering approach to code positioning for GNSS using Cayley-Menger determinants in distance geometry
Authors: Tabatabaee Mohammad Hadi , Ravani Bahram
Published: December 2017

The common approach for code-based point positioning using GNSS involves linearizing the observation equations about an estimated position and solving the equations iteratively in a least squares fashion. The solution provides estimates for the receiver coordinates and clock error. In this paper, a method based on distance geometry and Kalman filtering is presented. Distance geometry is used to provide a closed form solution for the receiver clock bias which is then used to correct the pseudorange observations before proceeding to locate the receiver coordinates. This two step method guarantees a solution for when a minimum of four satellites are available and facilitates direct utilization of a simple Kalman filter without any need for linearization. Results indicate that the method presented can provide improved estimates under poor satellite coverage as compared to the conventional iterative methods while performing similar to the conventional methods when there is good coverage.
Correlation Before Auschwitz
Authors: Stevens William F.
Published: December 2017

Theodore Adorno entitled the final section of his book Negative Dialektic “After Auschwitz”. For Adorno, this horror rendered metaphysical speculation incapable of speaking in universal terms. Paul Tillich’s early correlative method led him to speak against the Nazi regime and its persecution of the Jewish race. The practice of this correlative method brought Tillich to critique both the political and the social structure. His method of correlation stands above “metaphysics in its downfall” as he was aware of the negative results long before Auschwitz. This essay contends that Tillich’s methodology called for a new praxis of emancipation.
Using Life History Data to Examine Trade-Offs in Body Size and Reproductive Ability
Authors: Heard Matthew J.
Published: December 2017

Life history trade-offs provide an opportunity for students to learn about concepts in ecology, evolutionary biology, and natural history. Here I present a simple activity that I created to help students use data from museums and online life history databases to explore the relationship between body size and reproductive ability in birds. This activity, which guides students in hypothesis development and testing, data collection, and statistical analysis, is applicable to students at the high school and undergraduate levels. In addition, although I focused on birds, this activity can also be applied to other taxa where life history data are available.
KİŞİ-İŞ UYUMUNUN PERFORMANS DEĞERLEMEYE ETKİSİ: KONYA TEKSTİL İŞLETMELERİ ARAŞTIRMASI
Authors: ÇETİNKAYA Ali Şükrü , KURNAZ Gazi
Published: December 2017

İşletmede çalışanlarda işe devamsızlık, kaytarma, çalışan devir hızı artışı, ayrılma niyeti, bezginlik, stres belirtileri söz konusu ise bunun muhtemel nedenlerinden biri de kişi – iş uyumunun eksikliği olabilir. İş görenin sahip olduğu bilgi, yetenek ve özellikleri ile yaptığı işin uyumlu olması, onun işinden tatmin olması, etkinlik ve verimliliğini artması ve yüksek performans sergilemesinde belirleyici olmaktadır. İşletmelerde performans değerleme uygulaması kişi-iş uyum düzeyinin farkına varılmasını sağlamaktadır. Bu çalışmada, işletmelerde kişi-iş uyumunun performans değerlemeye etkisi ampirik bir araştırma deseninde belirlenmeye çalışılmıştır. Anket tekniği ile Konya İl merkezinde faaliyet gösteren tekstil işletmelerinden 223 geçerli geri dönüş elde edilmiştir. Çoklu regresyon analizi neticesinde işletmelerde kişi-iş uyumu yapısının kişi uyumu ve iş uyumu bileşenlerinin her ikisinin de performans değerleme üzerinde pozitif yönde ve anlamlı etkisi olduğu tespit edilmiştir.
KNOWLEDGE MANAGEMENT: AN OVERVIEW OF RESEARCH TRENDS
Authors: KÖR Burcu , MUTLUTÜRK Meltem
Published: December 2017

As a young and interdisciplinary field, Knowledge Management (KM) holds a crucial role in scientific research and development of knowledge-intensive economies.  This study elaborates on the methods used in previous studies regarding the research trends of KM and their contribution to the discipline by examining the KM literature. The purpose of the study is to determine the current research trends of KM by analysing KM citation classics and examining their characteristics as well as presenting a holistic framework of KM publications from the results of citation analysis. A total of 152 articles published in peer review journals between the years 2010-2014 were analysed. As a result of the analysis, a holistic KM framework was developed in order to contribute to a consensus of KM field. The results of the study reveals that the coverage of KM articles expanded into a broad spectrum of concepts, disciplines and environment.
KADINLARIN YÖNETİCİ POZİSYONLARINDA YAŞADIKLARI ZORLUKLAR VE LİDER ÜYE ETKİLEŞİMİNDE CİNSİYETİN ROLÜ
Authors: AKDÖL Buket , MENTEŞ Süleyman Ahmet
Published: December 2017

Bu çalışmada cam tavan ve kraliçe arı sendromunun astlarla yüksek nitelikli etkileşim kurmada olası etkileri irdelenmektedir. Çalışmada yönetici cinsiyetinin çalışanın yöneticiyle etkileşimi açısından anlamlı farklılık yaratıp yaratmadığı da analiz edilmiştir. Araştırmanın sonuçlarına göre, Türk iş hayatında beyaz yakalı çalışanlar arasında, yöneticinin cinsiyetinin yöneticilerinden etkilenme, katkı sağlamaya istekli olma, sadakat ile bağlı olma ve profesyonel olarak saygı duyma ile şekillenen etkileşim düzeyleri açısından anlamlı fark yaratmadığı ortaya konmuştur.  Ayrıca çalışanın cinsiyetinin hem kadın hem de erkek yönetici ile etkileşim düzeyi açısından anlamlı fark oluşturmadığı tespit edilmiştir.
TÜRK BANKALARININ LİKİDİTE VE KREDİ RİSK DEĞERLENDİRMESİ: DİNAMİK PANEL VERİ ANALİZİ
Authors: FİRUZAN Esin , FİRUZAN Ali Rıza
Published: December 2017

Karlılık hedefiyle faaliyet gösteren Türk bankacılık sektörü, Türkiye’nin bulunduğu coğrafi ve siyasi konjonktür, gelişmekte olan ülke konumunda olması ve sınırlı öz sermaye olanaklarına sahip bir ülke olması nedeniyle, hem iç hem de dış dinamiklerinde oluşan baskı ile bazı risklerle karşılaşırlar. Bu çalışmada bankanın istikrarını ve varlığının göstergesi olan iki riskten bahsedilmiştir: Likidite ve kredi riski. Bu riskleri etkileyen içsel ve dışsal değişkenler ele alınarak, bankalara erken uyarı niteliğinde gösterilebilecek değişkenler ortaya çıkarılmıştır. Çalışmada 2009-2016 yılları arasında faaliyet gösteren 16 bankanın içsel ve dışsal değişkenlerinin bu iki risk değişkenleri üzerindeki etkileri, Dinamik Panel Veri Modeli- Arellano-Bond GMM kestirici yöntemi ile ölçülmüştür. Yapılan analizde, likidite riski değişkeninin daha çok makroekonomik değişkenlerdeki hızlı değişimlerden etkilendiği, kredi riski değişkeninin ise içsel değişkenlerdeki değişimden daha hızlı etkilendiği görülmüştür.
ÖRGÜTSEL DEĞİŞİMİN DEĞERLENDİRİLMESİNDE POSTMODERN EPİSTEMOLOJİNİN ÖNEMİ
Authors: KESİCİ Evla Eda
Published: December 2017

Örgütsel değişim, çalışanların bilişsel süreçlerindeki farklılıkların doğal bir sonucu olarak, keskin sınırlarla tanımlanamayan, soyut ve somut unsurları yapısında barındıran bir fenomendir. Yazındaki mevcut sınıflandırmaların ve modellerin, çoğunlukla farklı işletmeleri temsil edebilir ve genellenebilir özellikte kurgulandığı bilinmektedir. Modern yaklaşımın bu genellemeci bakış açısına karşıt olarak, postmodern yaklaşım genellenebilir modellerin temsil gücünü sorgulayarak, gerçekliğin çoklu olduğunu önermektedir. Bu bakış açısıyla, postmodern epistemolojiden faydalanarak, örgütsel değişimin ne şekilde incelenebileceği ve yorumlanabileceğine yönelik öneriler getiren bu çalışma, genel anlamıyla yazındaki örgütsel değişim çalışmalarına farklı bir bakış açısı sunmaktadır.
Formación docente inicial y acción socioeducativa: Construyendo una propuesta de implementación del Programa Maestros Comunitarios (PMC)
Authors: Barberousse-Alfonso Paulette , Vargas-Dengo Marie Claire , Corrales-Bastos Pamela
Published: December 2017

From a critical and transformative approach, this essay presents inputs and relevant conclusions obtained during the first stage of the project Construyendo una propuesta de implementación del Programa Maestros Comunitarios (PMC), Code number 0166-15 DEB-UNA (UNA, DEB, s. f.), conducted in 2016. Considering our perspective as researchers and professors at División de Educación Básica, the paper addresses a current topic within the socio-educative field to face challenges of contemporary educational models in formal and non-formal areas of elementary education in the Costa Rican context. Our purpose is that students and teachers of the career program Pedagogía con énfasis en I y II ciclos de la Educación General Básica have an overview of the national, social, and educational reality in an attempt to involve them in applying pedagogical actions towards finding a solution to school dropouts at Escuela Finca Guararí, Heredia, Costa Rica. The essay describes the experience of teaching education students and their socio-educational action with the focus on the systematization of the experience in the initial stage of the project. Furthermore, the paper connects with emerging strategic knowledge areas at División de Educación Básica (DEB), such as social and community pedagogy in the context of the National University (UNA) of Costa Rica. It takes over a route already traced at DEB, which proposes more flexible and alternative pedagogic formats to promote educational equity and diversity issues. The paper describes the project background and a theoretical framework, as well as aspects that have been shared by the protagonist actors along the process: students-teachers, host teachers, supervisor professors, school children, and their parents at Escuela Finca Guararí. Conclusions address main results and facts during 2016 in order to show the viability of the project, which is conducted from a public university. Finally, the article also includes an overview of the project’s future in terms of its implementation in the Costa Rican context.
Currículo y desarrollo turístico en Guanacaste, Costa Rica: Un análisis de los niveles de educación técnico y superior
Authors: Barboza-Núñez Esteban
Published: December 2017

This paper studies the curricular orientation of technical and higher education focused on tourism in technical and public universities in the province of Guanacaste, Costa Rica. It also contrasts this orientation with the types of tourism development existing in that province. In addition, the article analyzes the existing relationship between the training, the teaching of tourism, the curricular contents at a technical and higher level, and the job possibilities of young people aged 16-25 in the labor market. Moreover, the paper contrasts the contents of tourism programs at a technical and higher level with the social needs of the region. This paper is based on the critical approaches to tourism development in Latin America and the sociocultural consequences on local people. Finally, it suggests some changes in the teaching of tourism in Guanacaste so that more critical and encompassing approaches to the study of the field can become possible.