bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Situación Epidemiologica de la rabia. Cali, 1966-1992
Authors: Carvajal Ortiz Argemiro , Lozada Luz Stella
Published: July 2024

Se hace un analisis.......
Electrocirugia. Aplicaciones en la cavidad oral
Authors: Angel C. Jaime
Published: July 2024

El calor ha sido frecuentemente utilizado en la medicina como medida terapéutica. El advenimiento de la electricidad trajo como consecuencia el uso del electrocauterio, el cual vino a reemplazar los primitivos clavos y puntas candentes. En realidad éste instrumento no tiene nada que le puede relacionar con los modernos equipos electroquirúrgicos, pero la utilización que como instrumento terapéutico eléctrico ha tenido, trajo una inevitable confusión en perjuicio de la electrocirugía propiamente dicha.
Editorial
Authors: Guerrero Ramiro
Published: July 2024

Desde la cima de la sabiduría de sus setenta y más años de edad el maestro de la medicina norteamericana Tinsley Randolph Harrison, asociado a otro profesor de la universidad de Alabama, el Dr. T. Joseph Reeves, ha publicado recientemente un libro extraordinario titulado "principios y problemas de la enfermedad isquémica del corazón".
Oncocercosis en Colombia. Hallazgos parasitológicos en el primer foco observado.
Authors: Little M.D , Dalessandro Antonio
Published: July 2024

Se investigó el origen de la infección de un colombiano con oncocercosis ocular; como resultado se descubrió un foco aparentemente pequeño de oncocercosis en la región de la Costa del Pacífico de Colombia occidental, el primero que se encuentra en el país. Se hallaron infecciones por Onchocerca en 44 de 292 personas que vivían a lo largo del Río Micay o de uno de sus afluentes. La mayoría de las personas infectadas vivía en un radio de pocos kilómetros a partir del pequeño caserío llamado San Antonio. Se encontraron nódulos oncocercosos en solo 10 personas, principalmente en el tórax y las caderas. No se vieron más de dos nódulos por persona. También se encontraron microfilarias en números relativamente bajos en las biopsias de piel de los casos positivos. No hubo manifestaciones graves oculares ni cutáneas atribuibles a las infecciones por Onchocerca.
Oncocercosis en Colombia. Antecedentes históricos y observaciones ecológicas
Authors: Trapido H. , D´.Alessandro A. , Little M.D
Published: July 2024

Se revisan las evidencias históricas y ecológicas en un esfuerzo para explicar el origen y la existencia continuada de un foco de oncocercosis humana en San Antonio, sobre el río Micay, en Colombia occidental, el primer foco de esta naturaleza observado en ese país. De los datos obtenidos en un documento colonial español de principios del siglo XVIII, se puede establecer que algunos de los esclavos negros que trabajaban en ese entonces en operaciones mineras de lavado de oro en el río Micay habían sido traídos allí recientemente y que algunos de ellos tenían apellidos que se pueden identificar con áreas tribales de África occidental, donde hay oncocercosis en la actualidad. Se sugiere que la ausencia de caballos y vacas en San Antonio es un factor importante en la persistencia del foco en ese lugar, ya que el presunto vector, Simulium exiguum, ha demostrado ser eminente zoofílico en otras áreas del Occidente colombiano
Diferencias en el bloqueo producido por la fenoxibenzamina sobre las respuestas vasculares a estímulos simpáticos centrales a norepinefrina exógena
Authors: De Miranda Paulo
Published: July 2024

Resumen del trabajo: "Potentation by chronic methyldopa treatment of the vascular responses to central sympathetic stimulation and to exogenous norepinephrine". Pharmacol Res Comm 2 (4) 1971 (April).
Epitelioma odontogénico calcificante. (Tumor de Pindborg)
Authors: Tasama Mejía Carlos , Greene George
Published: July 2024

El paciente H.D es un hombre de raza blanca de 46 años quien consultó a su dentista particular debido a la aparición de una masa en el vestibulo del maxilar inferior, en el área de la fosa canina izquierda. La masa clínicamente era dura en consistencia y había sido completamente asintomática hasta hace cuatro meses, cuando la masticación empezó a traumatizar progresivamente el tumor.
Conferencia Clínico Patológica
Authors: De Gaiter. Mercedes
Published: July 2024

Paciente de 63 años de edad , de sexo masculino, de raza blanca, que fue remitido para estudio del Hospital San Juan de Dios donde había ingresado en febrero 22 de 1971, con historia de tos de dos años de evolución, que se intensificó durante la noche y se acompañaba de expectoración mucopurulenta, ocasionalmente hemoptoica. Sin embargo, su estado general no sufrió modificación y pudo trabajar en su profesión de vendedor ambulante hasta 15 días antes de su admisión, cuando súbitamente apareció dolor constante en la región posterior del hemitórax derecho que no se modificaban con los cambios de posicion ni cedia a los analgesicos. Se quejaba también de dolor abdominal difuso aunque más intenso en el hipocondrio derecho. Había notado cambios en la voz, disfagia, anorexia, y pérdida de peso. Además se quejaba de insomnio y cambios depresivos. Aquí relato que había sido fumador desde los 15 años (aproximadamente 1 cajetilla diaria), admitió ser bebedor crónico aunque no especificó ni el tipo de bebida, ni la cantidad diaria ingerida y anotó dos hospitalizaciones previas en el ICSS: una por herida cortante de cuello hace 15 años y otra por fractura del maxilar hace 10 años. Cómo antecedentes patológicos, una venerea hace 40 años.
Diazepam en el tratamiento de tétanos. Estudio comparativo en el Hospital Universitario del Valle, Cali.
Authors: Gutierrez Jaramillo Javier , Maldonado Hernán
Published: July 2024

Se utilizó el Diazepam como única droga sedante y relajante muscular en un total de 65 pacientes con tétanos: 40 adultos y 25 neonatorum. Se comparó la mortalidad de ellos con dos grupos control en los cuales las drogas usadas fueron: Clorpromazina, fenobarbital y Metocarbamol. Los porcentajes de mortalidad fueron siempre menores en el grupo Diazepam, pero esta diferencia no fue estadísticamente significativa, sin embargo permiten concluir que el diazepam es, al menos, de igual efectividad. Por su fácil administración, mínimos efectos colaterales, y claro efecto relajante muscular creemos que el diazepam puede reemplazar a tratamientos combinados de Clorpromazina, Fenobarbital y Metocarbamol.
Uso del Furosemide en la oliguria de la falla renal aguda y crónica.
Authors: Sullivan. F. , Kreisberger. C.
Published: July 2024

La respuesta diurética a grandes dosis de Furosemide en casos de oliguria por falla renal crónica y la rápida respuesta diurética en algunos casos de oliguria por falla renal crónica y la rápida respuesta diurética en algunos casos de oliguria por falla renal aguda, han hecho del Furosemide el principal tipo de terapia. También debe utilizarse en aquellos casos que no han respondido a la terapia diurética osmótica standard.
Pasteurización de la leche. Comentarios a una solución
Authors: Albán Holguín Julio
Published: July 2024

La pasteurización puede ser definida como el proceso de hervir la leche a tales temperaturas y tantas veces cuantas sea requerido para destruir cualquier tipo de microórganismos presentes, causando el mínimo cambio en la composición, sabor y valor nutritivo. En el proceso clásico de pasteurización, la leche se retiene a una temperatura de 62.8°C - 56°C por no menos de media hora e inmediatamente es congelada a 10°C. La temperatura de uso casi universal es el llamado sistema "Altas temperaturas por corto tiempo" (HTST) en el cual la leche es retenida a temperaturas no menores  de 71.7°C por 15 segundos e inmediatamente congelada hasta 5°C. Existen otras variantes, pero esencialmente el proceso es el mismo.
La investigación en la practica clínica
Authors: Sin Autor Sin Autor
Published: July 2024

Trae el presente número de ACTA MEDICA, varios artículos que describen los resultados de algunas investigaciones realizadas en nuestro medio. Ellas son la mejor demostración de que se puede hacer investigación de alta calidad en la práctica diaria, si se conocen bien los diferentes tipos de estudios y, como consecuencia, sus peligros pueden evitarse.
Kangaroo Mother Program: results of follow-up at 40 weeks of postconceptional age.
Authors: Torres Javier , Palencia Diana , Sánchez Diana Margarita , García Jorge , Rey Humberto , Echandía Carlos Armando
Published: July 2024

Introduction: Low birth weight is a health problem in non-developed countries, with a neonatal mortality rate 35 times higher in Latin America than the expected one. At the neonatal care unit of the University Hospital in Cali, Colombia, 75% of all live newborn infants are < 2,500 g. Objectives: To evaluate the infants who were followed up until 40 weeks of postconceptional age in the kangaroo mother program. Methodology: A cohort study was performed in newborns infants < 2,001 g who were admitted to the neonatal unit of the Hospital Universitario del Valle, Cali, Colombia, if they had overcome all major adaption problems to extrauterine life and had a family willing to follow the instructions. Exclusion criteria were lethal or major malformations, early detected major conditions arising from perinatal problem (severe hypoxic-ischaemic encephalopaty, pulmonary hypertension and intracerebral hemorrage III or IV), and either abandoned children or those who were given for adoption. All patients were monitored in physical growth, length of breast-feeding, morbility, mortality, readmissions, hospital stay and bed turn. Measurement were made at discharge, at 40 weeks of postconceptional age. Results: A total of 66 infants reached term, 40 (61%) were girls and 26 (39%) were boys, with a mean birth gestational age of 32 weeks (27-38) and mean birth weight of 1,434 g (700-1,950). Infants were discharged with mean gestational age of 34 weeks (31-39), mean postconceptional age of 19 day (4-48) and mean weight of 1,552 g (1,359-2,239). During the following they had a mean weight-gain of 18 g/kg/day. A large proportion of infants received breast-feeding: 96% at discharge and 94% at term. Exclusive breast-feeding: 67% at discharge and 51% at term. Anemia and gastroesophageal reflux disease after discharge were the main causes of morbidity. Only three (4.5%) infants were readmissed before the 40 week, two for criotherapy and one for apnea, none died. The hospital stay at neonatal unit was 17.5 days and the bed turn was 1.37 patients/bed/month. Conclusions: Kangaroo mother program showed to be a safe alternative to the care of low birth weight infants, since it gives at least an early discharge, skin-to-skin contact and a good quality nutrition based initially on breast-feeding.
A comparative, cross-over, double blind, randomized study for bioequivalence assessment between two formulations of valsartan capsules vs. tablets.
Authors: Pérez Milena , Cárdenas William , Ramírez Gloria , Pérez Mauricio , Restrepo Piedad
Published: July 2024

Introduction: Bioequivalence or compared equivalence studies are used to demonstrate claims that the new product, named generic product, will have the same bioavailability as the reference product, named brand product. If two products are bioequivalent it means that they would expect to have the same efficacy and security. Bioequivalence is established by the statistical estimation of significant differences or not in the pharmacokinetics parameters of area under the curve (AUC) and maximum concentration (Cmax). In this case, bioequivalence will be evaluated and the bioavailability of valsartan will be compared. Valsartan is an agent antihypertensive and specific angiotensin II antagonist acting on the AT1 receptor subtype. Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the bioequivalence of two pharmaceutical products whose active principle is Valsartan, based on the comparison of the pharmacokinetic measures of rate and extent (in terms of required time) in which valsartan reaches the sanguineous circulation after a oral dose to 15 volunteers. Metodology: This was a randomized crossover double blind single-dose study on 15 male healthy volunteers aged between 19 and 28 years. The study was performed in two periods. Each treatment period consisted of a single-dose of 320 mg valsartan, with a wash-out time of 8 days between the first and second period. Plasma concentrations of valsartan were evaluated by HPLC/UV with method of addition of valsartan standard and losartan as internal standard. Results: Valsartan tablets formulation showed this pharmacokinetic parameters: AUC 44,893 µg/mlxh, Cmax 6,430.3 µg/ml and Tmax 2 h. Valsartan capsules formulation showed this pharmacokinetic parameters: AUC 44,963 µg/mlxh, Cmax 5,831.4 µg/ml and Tmax 2.5 h. Conclusion: The study showed no statistically significant differences in the plasma concentration levels after administration of the two formulations of valsartan: 80 mg tablets and 80 mg capsules. So, the design of the study and the application of the protocols chosen enabled the demonstration of bioequivalence between the products.
Nontyphoidal salmonellosis, transmission through the consumption of contaminated food of poultry origin.
Authors: Uribe Catalina , Suárez Martha Cecilia
Published: July 2024

Salmonella spp. infection is one of the most important causes of gastroenteritis in human beings. The principal reservoirs of these microorganisms are carrying asymptomatic animals and the sources of more frequent infection are the food or the products derived from these. The increase of the incidence of Salmonella is of great impact in public health and animal health and it has been related to an increase of the dissemination of the microorganisms across the productive animal chains (bovine, pigs, broilers and especially layers hens). The present paper has been designed to realize a systematical compilation of information referred to the gastroenteritis and others infections produced for nontyphoidal strains of Salmonella spp. with emphases on the importance of the food of poultry origin in its transmission. The microorganisms frequently can infect the poultry; the eggs can be contaminated for vertical transmission, during the lay, manipulation or storage. The infection in human beings is acquired by consumption of chicken, either raw or partially cooked egg, or food prepared with these. Nontyphoidal salmonellosis (gastroenteritis) can include diarrhea, headache, abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting, fever and dehydration especially in children and elders. Nontyphoidal strains of Salmonella spp. can cause bacteremia, carrying state or infections like meningitis, arthritis, septic arthritis, osteomyelitis, cholangitis, pneumonia, arteritis, endocarditis or urinary tract infections.
Family and neighborhood context for health of older adults in the Hispanic EPESE study.
Authors: Reyes Ortiz Carlos A. , Camacho María E. , Eschbach Karl , Markides Kyriakos S.
Published: July 2024

In this article, the roles of the family and the neighborhood on the health of Mexican American older people of the Hispanic EPESE (Established Populations for Epidemiologic Studies of the Elderly) are discussed. The epidemiologic paradox consists on, in despite of socioeconomic disadvantage; Hispanic older people have a relatively low mortality than white older people. This is especially true when the older people live in neighborhoods with high percentages of Mexican Americans. The family has also an important role in these older people for decreasing the risk of institutionalization or morbidity. On the other hand, stress from economic problems or family dependency among older Mexican immigrants can overcome capacity for coping stress, this may affect the health of Mexican American older people.
The patient with chronic cough: a challenge for the physician.
Authors: Arenas Carolina , Herrera Julián A.
Published: July 2024

For the family physician the handling of chronic illnesses or not well defined pathological processes, mean a daily challenge. The clinical case of a 47 year-old patient is presented with permanent cough two years old. Their life committed for labor desertion and dysfunction psicosocial, nevertheless its valuation for diverse specialists with multiple helps diagnoses and varied treatments. The family physicians based on their training and experience, with a systemic focus, designed a plan of good work to discern the cause of the patient’s chronic cough and to provide the handling for the permanent control of the symptom.
Preventive guides by individual vital cycle in Colombia.
Authors: Pineda Carlos Andrés
Published: July 2024

The preventive guides are condensations of the different interventions in health promotion and disease prevention that are made to take part of the population’s interventions. They contain council strategies, screening and specific measures of protection. It is mentioned the characteristics of screening test. It presents the preventive guides by each individual vital cycle as far as council measures, specific protection and screening. Thus, a concrete guide offers itself on the interventions to carry out preventive consultations with the patients in Colombia.
Comparison of methods in the diagnosis of Helicobacter pylori infection in Quindío, Colombia.
Authors: Moncayo José Ignacio , Santacruz Jorge Javier , Alvarez Ada Lucy , Franco Beatriz , López Manuel Alfonso , Angel Alberto , Gallego Martha Lucía , Serrano Herman
Published: July 2024

Introduction: Helicobacter pylori is a gramnegative bacterium that colonizes the gastric mucosa, and infects more than half of the worldwide population, causing gastritis and ulcer-peptic disease and being associated with gastric carcinoma and gastric lymphoma (MALT). Objective: To compare the performance index of techniques of routine diagnosis and PCR in order to establish by case definition the prevalence of infection by H. pylori in patients with gastroduodenal disease in Quindío. Methodology: In 73 patients were taken six biopsies. One antral for the PCR-ureC, three for culture (antral, body and fundus), other antral for rapid urease test (RUT). The previous were united to one of the body for histological examination. The performance index was established for each of the methods. For definitive diagnosis of the infection we used the case definition (positive H pylori) was used: A patient was classified as H. pylori positive with isolation of bacteria in culture or based on the agreement of at least two positive tests (histological examination, RUT and PCR). Results: The histological examination was positive 79.5% (58/73) in antral biopsy and in body 82.2% (60/73) and the combination of both biopsies was 94.5% (69/73). Culture assessment in the three biopsies showed identical results, 75.4% (55/73) and by combination all biopsies were 86.3% (63/73). The RUT in antral biopsy was 79.5% (58/73) and for PCR-ureC of antral biopsy was 86.3% (63/73). The prevalence for H pylori infection was 97.3% (71/ 73) in accordance with the case definition. The comparison of the results of each method in front of the result by case definition, the histological examination, culture, PCR and RUT presented 2, 8, 8, and 13 false negative in their order and none presented false positives. Performance indexes (PI) for each method were: Culture, 78.1% with sensibility, 88.7%, and identical results in three biopsies. The RUT, had 82.2% and 81.7% of sensibility. The histological examination was 87.0% with 86.6% of sensibility in antral biopsy and 89.9% in body biopsy with sensibility of 90.9%. And PCR-ureC had 89.0% with sensibility, 88.7% The combination of the results for the three biopsies for culture increased their PI to 89.0% with sensibility of 88.7%. The combination of results of the two biopsies in the histological examination also showed PI increased of 97.3% with sensibility of 97.2% and showed significant differences in front of the other methods. Conclusion: For the definitive diagnosis of H pylori infection it should use the case definition concept which allows establishing the real prevalence of the infection being higher than detected by the individual methods. Additionally, if it is not possible to utilize the case definition concept, is recommended the histological examination in two biopsies (antral and body).
Preliminary survey of antimicrobial susceptibility and genetic variability of Mycobacterium tuberculosis isolates from Colombian Caribbean.
Authors: Miranda Jorge , Ríos Rodrigo , Clavijo Andrea , Chacón Carlos , Mattar Salim
Published: July 2024

Objective: The aim of this preliminary study was to investigate the drug susceptibility and genetic variability of Mycobacterium tuberculosis isolated from patients of Montería. Methods: Patients with tuberculosis were included in the study. Socio-demographics and epidemiologic information was collected from each patient. Sputum samples were cultured on Lowenstein-Jensen medium. Antibiotic susceptibility testing was performed using the proportion method and rifoligotyping. The study of genetic variability was performed by RFLP. Results: 67 strains of M. tuberculosis isolated from patients with pulmonary tuberculosis were included; fifty-nine patients (88%) were smear positive, the patients ranged from 14 to 83 of age, mean 41.5 years. The initial resistance and multidrug-resistance was 29.2% (14/48) and 6.7% (3/48) respectively. The rifoligotyping detected 4 strains (4, 17, 21 and 45) with the mutation in the rpoB gen, hot spot region codon 531. The number of IS6110-bands varied from 3 to 13, 12 (48%) isolates had among 8 and 9 copies. RFLP revealed genetic diversity of isolates in 2 groups: group A and B. Group A included 20 (80%) strains and only one cluster constituted by the patients 17, 45, 54. Group B, had 5 (20%) strains with only one cluster conformed by two patients 31 and 32. Conclusions: The study demonstrated high levels of drug resistance and variability of strains of M. tuberculosis in Montería. Our results suggest establishing urgent measures of surveillance in epidemiology and public health for the control of the disease.
Maternal knowledge about children’s danger signs in acute diarrhoea in an IMCI’s frame.
Authors: Delgado Mario Francisco , Sierra Carlos Hernán , Calvache José Andrés , Ríos Ángela María , Mosquera Catalina , Salas Ingrid , Agredo Francisco , Meneses Rubiel
Published: July 2024

Background: IMCI ( Integrated Management Childhood Illness) is a sort of strategy for childhood attention that aims to reduce mortality by prevalent diseases in population below 5 years old. In acute diarrhoea the IMCI’s preventive activities are to promote the maternal knowledge about danger signs, to look for opportune care and to improve oral hydration therapy (ORT). Objectives: To establish maternal knowledge about children’s danger signs in acute diarrhoea below 5 years old. To determine hydration practices in acute diarrhoea. Methods: A descriptive study was carried out in Hospital del Norte of Popayán, Colombia, first level of attention health centre for establishing mother’s knowledge of danger signs in acute diarrhoea. A survey based of an instrument from IMCI to 204 mothers chosen consecutively was applied. Variables measured were: maternal age, sex, child age, region (urban-rural), socioeconomic status, bond to the Colombian Social Security National System, scholarship, number of sons, coexistence with partner, coexistence with child’s grandmother. The knowledge variable was determined from a dichotomy way. The mother’s knowledge was established if she knew 2 or more danger signs in acute diarrhoea. Results: Only 54% of mothers knew at least 2 danger signs in diarrhoea. Mothers used: Homemade liquids, 49%; commercial ORT, 49%; homemade serum, 23%. The fact of living with the grandmother was independent associated with an increase in maternal knowledge (p< 0.05). Conclusion: Since nearly half of the mothers don’t know a danger sign makes necessary an educational intervention in acute diarrhoea and to divulge IMCI’s recommendations. In this intervention grandmothers must be included.
Male hypogonadism: Causes, genetics, diagnosis and treatment.
Authors: Jubiz William , Cruz Eduardo Antonio
Published: July 2024

Male hypogonadism represents an altered testicular function with infertility and decreased testosterone production. It can be caused by an intrinsic testicular damage, hypothalamic-pituitary dysfunction, or decreased end organ response to testosterone. Signs include hair loss, decreased sexual function, voice changes, eunuchoidal habitus and gynecomastia. The testes are small and osteoporosis may be present. The diagnosis is suspected clinically and is confirmed with decreased circulating testosterone concentrations. FSH and LH are increased in patients with testicular damage (primary hypogonadism) and decreased in those with hypothalamic–pituitary dysfunction. Testosterone is available for intramuscular injection, transdermic patches, gel or pellets and by absorption by the oral mucosa.
Digestive and respiratory symptoms and parameters of 24 hours pHmetry in children with pediatric gastroesophageal reflux disease.
Authors: Velasco Carlos Alberto , Valencia Ángelo Giovanni , Sánchez Maira Patricia
Published: July 2024

Introduction: Pediatric gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), has a high morbidity-mortality. The gold standard is the 24 hours pHmetry (pH24h). The objective is to determine the relationship between symptoms and parameters of pH24h. Methods: This is a comparative, descriptive, and retrospective study. N=35 children 5%) according to tables from the NCHS. From pH24h were taken: reflux index (RI), number of acid episodes, number of episodes >5 min and duration of the longest episode and association with symptoms. The statistical analysis was the Student’s test t, having p5 min 1.30±3.67 and the duration of the longest episode 9.36±20.06 min. There were no significant differences between the parameters of pH24h and the study groups (p>0.05). The respiratory group showed pH24h parameters more involved: IR 4.75±5.17%, number of acid episodes 79.17±79.76, number of acid episodes >5 min 2.29±4.97 and duration of the longest episode 15.0±27.04 min; the same as their nutritional status (p=0.003). Conclusion: There was no significant association between pH24h parameters and symptoms; however, respiratory symptoms group had a higher compromise of the pH24h parameters and nutritional status.
Persistent diarrhea.
Authors: Sagaró Eduardo
Published: July 2024

In the world’s developing countries, the cycle of malnutrition, malabsorption, and persistent diarrhea is one of the leading causes of death in children. It is most often caused by an enteric infection. Evaluation of the patient with persistent diarrhea should start with certain screening studies. The prognosis for persistent diarrhea has been markedly improved through the use of enteral diets and parenteral nutrition.
Health and public policy determinants: selection of indicators for health problems.
Authors: Pradilla Alberto , Rueda Álvaro , De Salazar Ligia , Vélez Jenny Andrea , Muñoz Elsa Patricia
Published: July 2024

Introduction: Health planning requires information from all sectors, usually available, but not used frequently. Information systems in Health appeared more than 3 decades ago but decisions are usually taken on considerations directed to the solution of a manifestation without modification of causal factors. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the usefulness of available data to identify population groups with similar characteristics associated to health problems and to identify simple markers to serve as a basis for decisions directed to solve them. Methods: Ecological study. Data were identified, collected and collated from public institutions and from recent studies for analysis. Association and correlation among the different variables identified those with the capacity to discriminate population groups. Household socio economic stratum had a significant association with most variables and was used to divide «Barrios» in four conglomerates. Results: Lower conglomerates presented deficiencies in household and education, larger proportion of young population, lower mean death age, higher mortality caused by accidents and violence, and lower stature. Middle and higher income conglomerates had better household conditions and the principal cause of death was tumors and chronic diseases. Public services were similar for all except telephone. Weighed household stratum by neighborhood «barrio» explained more that 80% of variance for most variables. It is proposed that this marker, available and easy to obtain, the instrument to define local development plans with periodic validations to evaluate its capacity.
Impact of moderating model of the risk in the chronic renal disease. IPS COMFANDI, Cali, 2006.
Authors: Otero Luis Mariano , Muñoz Alvaro , Figueroa Lunevar
Published: July 2024

Objective: To assess if a health care model implemented at the basic level of the IPS COMFANDI and based on an early intervention in cardiovascular risk factors and its application to patients with different levels of chronic renal disease, produces significant changes in lab and clinical parameters to be translated into stabilization or regression of the disease. Materials and methods: From the cardiovascular risk program 362 patients were randomly selected with different stages of renal disease, diabetes mellitus (DM), and arterial hypertension, (AHT). Two measurements were made: one before and another after the intervention, with an interval of six months. Wilcoxon hypotheses were tested to compare means of clinical interest and lab variables as well as dynamics of change in the number of patients according to KDOQUI stage, for both periods. Results: A total of 8 factors were evaluated: 4 clinical and 4 lab parameters, as well as patients’ proportion according to nephropathy stage (KADOQUI) found in the two periods. Clinical variables were measured for 24 hours such as systolic, diastolic and mean blood pressure and proteinuria which showed differences before and after the intervention that were statistically significant. BMI (body mass index), glycemia and microalbuminuria did not present statistically significant differences for the two measurements. Conclusion: Implementation of a basic level health care model focused on risk reduction for renal chronic disease, by means of an intensive therapy, has also an affirmative incidence on diseases such as diabetes and hypertension. Results are favorable when measuring key variables in renal chronic disease and suggest a positive impact regarding this important public health problem in Colombia.
Dendritic cells during the HIV-1 infection.
Authors: Montoya Carlos Julio , Piedrahita Leidy Diana
Published: July 2024

Dendritic cells are components of the innate immunity crucial for activating naïve T cells. They are one of the target cells for HIV-1 infection, but their ability to replicate HIV-1 is much more limited than that exhibited by CD4+ T cells. However, they have the capacity to store the virus for long periods of time which are able to infect susceptible cells later on. Therefore, dendritic cells are considered as one of the most important reservoirs for the HIV-1. At early stages of this infection, dendritic cells also contribute with the anti-HIV-1 immune response, but then they exhibit quantitative and functional alterations enhancing the severe immunodeficiency characteristic of this infection. The important role of dendritic cells in inducing innate and adaptive immune responses indicates that these cells have a promising therapeutic potential for the development of vaccines and immunotherapy for HIV-1 infection.
Cultural care observation from Leininger’s perspective.
Authors: Muñoz de Rodríguez Lucy , Vásquez Marta Lucía
Published: July 2024

Introduction: Understanding care from Leininger’s perspective implies learning about people’s living ways, their environments, their feelings, their worries, their beliefs, their practices as well as their values in different events, such as motherhood, fatherhood, birth, adolescence, adultness, elderliness, diseases and death, with the main objective of offering a care agreeable and compatible to their culture. Research and practice in transcultural nursing: This learning related to the care that persons have by themselves, necessarily indicates or suggests an interaction with them. However, an interaction requires preparation, sensitiveness and a critical thought in order to discover and to grasp all of the different meanings that people give to their lives and their own care. Reflection: This investigation has been configured as an entry door to get those points of view and as a bridge to approximate the professional nursing towards quotidian people’s lives in order to obtain knowledge from them.
Role of four polymorphisms of the β-2 adrenergic receptor gen in patients with preterm delivery.
Authors: Ríos Juan Carlos , McEwen Juan Guillermo , Cuartas Adriana , Cuesta Fanny , Parra Sergio
Published: July 2024

Objective: To determine whether single nucleotide polymorphisms found in the sequence of the β-2 (β2AR) adrenergic receptor are associated with spontaneous preterm delivery. Method: A case-control study in which the allelic, genotype, and haplotype frequencies of four polymorphisms, -47 C/T, -20 C/T, Arg16Gly, and Gln27Glu of the β2AR gene, were determined and compared between 35 women with preterm delivery (cases) and 105 women with term delivery (controls). The study was performed with patients of three hospitals in the city of Medellín, Colombia. The genomic DNA of peripheral blood was isolated, the segment of the gene was amplified by means of the chain reaction of polymerase (PCR), and the polymorphisms were determined by direct sequence method. Results: No significant differences for the allelic frequencies were found for polymorphic loci -47 C/T, -20 C/T, Arg16Gly, and Gln27Glu between the cases group (21.5%, 21.5%, 51.5% and 21.5%, respectively) and controls (21.5%, 21.5%, 57% and 21.5%, respectively; p>0.05). The genotype frequencies were also similar between patients with preterm delivery and those with term delivery (p>0.05 for all the genotypes). Only three of the 16 possible haplotypes (CCGG, TTGC, and TTAC), from the combination between the different alleles, appeared in the participants of this study. The haplotype frequencies were not significantly different between the compared groups either (p>0.05). Conclusion: No association was observed between preterm delivery and any of the polymorphisms or its haplotypes. These results do not support a role of the polymorphisms of the β2AR in spontaneous preterm delivery for these patients.
Trichosporon mucoides infection in an immunocompetent host.
Authors: García Lucy , Osorio Guiovana Fernanda
Published: July 2024

A forty-year-old woman, hairdresser, presented a month history of progressive necrosis of the left fourth finger nailbed, accompanied by intense pain, without pathological antecedents and no trauma. Histologic examination showed extensive surface necrosis with abundant cell detritus and erythrocytes, within the necrotic tissue displacing the collagen. There were hyaline, birrefringent structures compatible with arthroconidia Tissue culture for aerobic as well as anaerobic bacteria and mycobacteria were negative. In tissue culture for fungus grew Trichosporon mucoides. A fluconazole therapy was initiated with 400 mg per week dosage, with clinical improvement. This fungus also normal soil inhabitant, is characterized by the presence of true hyphae, other members of the genus have pseudohyphae, arthroconidia y blastoconidia. T. mucoides can also be an opportunistic pathogen producing potentially fatal systemic infections in immunocompromised hosts. Cases of onychomycoses with this fungus as causative organism have been reported, but their symptomatology has not been as severe as in this case.
Carrier detection of Duchenne muscular dystrophy in Colombian families by microsatellite analysis.
Authors: Fonseca Dora , Silva Claudia Tamar , Mateus Heidi
Published: July 2024

Introduction: The muscular dystrophies of Duchenne and Becker are X-linked recessive neuromuscular disorders; the carrier testing protocols include mutation detection or linkage analysis. Objective: The aim of this investigation was to use the segregation analysis of STR loci to determine the carrier status in 37 families with DMD/DMB. Methods: From 37 families 174 individuals were studied through segregation of 10 intra and extragenic short tandem repeats (STR) in the members of the family. Results: The carrier status of 89.2% women of the tested group could be assigned by linkage analysis, 65.7% carriers and 23.5% non-carriers Conclusions: Linkage analysis was proven to be a powerful tool for the carrier detection in DMD/BMD and should be taken into account in genetic counselling practice.
Description of the air quality in the Navarro Dumpsite area of influence, in Cali, Colombia.
Authors: Gómez Rosa María , Filigrana Paola Andrea , Méndez Fabián
Published: July 2024

Background: This study evaluated emissions from the municipal open dump in Cali, the Navarro dump (ND), and their effects in air quality of an area defined as exposed (< 3 km distance and downwind) as compared with a control zone (>3 km and upwind). Methods: Sample collection was carried out with semiautomatic equipments following approved international procedures accepted by local environmental laws. Sampling was carried out simultaneously in the study zones during three climatologic periods: dry, rainy and inter-season periods. Ten samples were taken during each period, for a total of 30 samples per zone. Particulate matter below 10 micras, SO2, methane and volatile organic compounds: benzene, toluene and xilene were measured in each sample. Results: Results showed sources of methane and benzene are mainly inside the ND and are carried by wind dispersion to the exposed zone of the study. There is evidence of a gradient in benzene concentrations starting in the ND (p< 0.01). Benzene concentrations were high in the exposed zone (median=2.92 µg/m3) and 48% of samples collected there were above the maximum level of air quality norm. These measurements were higher that those made in the control zone (median=1.54 µg/m3) where only 22% of the samples were above the maximum levels. Methane also showed decreasing concentrations from exposed to control zone, and there was also a higher concentration of particle matter < 5 micras in the exposed area. Conclusions: Our study gives evidence of environmental effects in areas < 3 km distant of a dump site. This distance should be considered when defining the perimeter of a non inhabited area around municipal solid waste disposals.
Pancreatitis Aguda
Authors: Tuffi García Fernando
Published: July 2024

La patogenesis de la pancreatitis aguda contínua oscura a pesar de la extensa investigación que se ha realizado y de las recientes y nuevas teorías que se han lanzado en la última década. Probablemente la confusión sea debida al concepto general de que la obstrucción del conducto pancreático es la causa principal de la pancreatitis, a pesar de que existe abundante evidencia experimental y patológica en contra de esta etiología. Por otra parte la confusión es mayor por la dificultad que existe para distinguir entre los factores etiológicos y los diversos mecanismos por los cuales aquellos producen pancreatitis.
Cáncer de cérvix uterino y migración a Cali, Colombia
Authors: Guzmán C. Ney
Published: July 2024

Se analizan los datos del Registro del Cáncer de Cali para carcinoma en cérvix uterino durante cinco años (1963-1967). En este período se presentaron 693 casos nuevos de la enfermedad, con una incidencia anual de 66.4 por 100.000 mujeres y una mortalidad casi igual a la mitad de la incidencia. Estas cifras ocupan el primer lugar en comparaciones internacionales, siendo la incidencia dos veces mayor que en Puerto Rico y cuatro veces más alta que en el Estado de New York, lugares conocidos por tener una de las tasas más elevadas para esta neoplasia. Sin embargo, esta sorprendente alta frecuencia se debe más a la población inmigrante que a la nacida en Cali. La tasa de incidencia fue 2.5 veces más frecuente en inmigrantes. Los migrantes convergen de diferentes áreas geográficas del país, especialmente de regiones circunvecinas que han venido por razones económicas predominantes. Se discute la importancia de los estudios en inmigrantes, llamando la atención al hecho de que la incidencia alta de una enfermedad crónica puede ser consecuencia de un efecto adictivo a la incidencia local, ocasionada por la migración de grupos con características socioculturales conocidas para tener una mayor prevalencia de la enfermedad en cuestión.
Síndrome del túnel carpiano informe sobre 20 casos
Authors: Tellez Henry , Levy Arnoldo
Published: July 2024

Se informa sobre el estudio de veinte pacientes con el diagnóstico de Síndrome del Túnel Carpiano. Se hace énfasis en las dificultades que se presentaron en el diagnóstico de esta entidad, que con frecuencia se confunde con problemas de columna cervical, artritis reumatoide y problemas vasculares. El cuadro clínico se caracteriza por parestesias diurnas y nocturnas en las manos, frecuentemente irradiados al antebrazo. Los hallazgos al examen generalmente se reducen a parestesias al percutir el nervio. La mayoría de los pacientes son mujeres de mediana edad. Los tratamientos utilizados en nuestros pacientes fueron el reposo, la infiltración local con esteroides y la sección quirúrgica del ligamento anular.Los resultados con el reposo y las infiltraciones fueron, en general pasajeros. La sección del ligamento produjo resultados excelentes.
Fibroma Osificante
Authors: Ulloa Iragorri Gustavo , Ramírez Benítez Raúl
Published: July 2024

Se presenta al servicio de Cirugía Bucal del Hospital San Juan de Dios la señora S. de E., de 60 años de edad y natural de San Lorenzo del departamento de Nariño por tumoración del maxilar superior  izquierdo cuyo tamaño ocupa la casi totalidad de la cavidad bucal que impide la función masticatoria, deforma el vestíbulo izquierdo; está recubierto por una mucosa lisa de color normal; no presenta dolor; al traumatizarlo sangra; no existen adenopatías ; a la palpación es renitente y su base es pedunculada. La cavidad bucal, especialmente  los pocos dientes en pésimas condiciones higiénicas, estando la mayoría de ellos en estado de raiz. Los pocos dientes anteriores están rechazados por el tumor. Los exámenes de rigor son normales. Presenta además tumor en cuello lado izquierdo diagnosticado como bocio. Se decide tratar primero el tumor bucal.
Cordotomía percutánea para el dolor intratable
Authors: Reyes Carlos A. , Levy Arnoldo , Zúñiga Arcesio , Montoya Antonio
Published: July 2024

Se presenta la casuística de pacientes intervenidos por cordotomía percutánea en la Sección de Neurocirugía del Hospital Universitario del Valle, se describe la técnica y se analizan los casos.
Creemos que la cordotomía percutánea presenta en nuestro medio un avance para el tratamiento del dolor especialmente cuando es unilateral y que su técnica es recomendada para los pacientes con cáncer, en malas condiciones y que no toleran procedimientos abiertos.
Mecanismo farmacológico de la acción antihelmíntica de la piperazina
Authors: Hernández Libardo , Guerra G. Antonio
Published: July 2024

En el presente trabajo se discuten los posibles mecanismos por los cuales piperazina podría ejercer su efecto antihelmíntico.
a) Alterando el flujo de iones en el parásito.
b) Actuando como un análogo de una hormona inhibitoria.
c) Alterando la síntesis de acetilcolina.
Se demuestra la acción espasmogénica de piperazina sobre el músculo liso de mamífero (Íleon de conejo) y se discuten varios mecanismos que podrían hallarse implicados en esta acción.
Patrones epidemiológicos de Enfermedad de Hodgkin
Authors: Correa Pelayo , O'Conor Gregory T
Published: July 2024

Se estudia epidemiología e histología de la enfermedad de Hodgkin en Cali, Colombia, en base a los datos del registro de cáncer y a la revisión histológica del material de varios Departamentos de patología de la ciudad. La comparación de los resultados, que incluyen los datos de incidencia publicados por UICC y de otros informes en relación con subclasificación histológica, ha llevado a la identificación de varios patrones epidemiológicos. El patrón I se caracteriza por tasas de incidencia altas en nños y predominio de los subtipos histológicos asociados con mal pronóstico. El patrón III se caracteriza por tasas altas en adultos jóvenes y predominio de subtipos histológicos asociados con mejor pronóstico. El patrón II presenta un aspecto intermedio. Estos patrones están relacionados con la estractificación económica de las comunidades estudiadas. Se sugiere que muchos de los matices epidemiológicos de la enfermedad de Hodgkin podrían ser explicados en base a la interrelación entre el ambiente, huésped y los factores etiológicos.
Consideraciones psiquiátricas sobre el tratamiento quirúrgico del transexualismo masculino
Authors: Climent Carlos E
Published: July 2024

Artículo sin abstract disponible
Sindrome de mala absorción en ascarisis
Authors: Tripathy Kshetrabasi , Duque Édgar , Bolaños Óscar , Lotero Hernán , Mayoral Luis Guillermo
Published: July 2024

Se investigó el efecto de la infección por Ascaris lumbricoides sobre la absorción intestinal en 5 niños hospitalizados en la Unidad Metabólica del Hospital Universitario del Valle, en quienes se llevaron a cabo estudios de absorción y biopsias del yeyuno por vía oral antes e inmediatamente después de la desinfestación. Además, en otros dos niños que recibieron tratamiento antiparasitario en sus casas, también se tomaron muestras y biopsias de yeyuno antes y después de recibir la droga. En 4 de los 5 niños, hubo una excreción reducida de nitrógeno fecal; la reducción promedio representó el 6,5% del nitrógenos de la dieta. Se observó esteatorrea en 4 niños; la desinfestación tuvo como resultado una reducción del promedio en la grasa fecal de 9.9% a 2.3% de la grasa de la alimentación. En 3 niños se demotró una anomalía en la excreción de d-xilosa, pero solamente en 1 volvió a la normal después del tratamiento contra parásitos. Se encontró que la morfología del yeyuno era anormal en todos los 7 niños. En todos los casos hubo una mejoría notoria inmediatamente después del tratamiento antiparasitario.Los resultados de este estudio sugieren que hay una relación causa efecto entre la infección por Ascaros y las lesiones intestinales en los niños.
Desnutrición y enfermedad
Authors: Mayoral L G
Published: July 2024

Artículo sin abstract disponible
Conferencia Clínico - Patológica
Authors: De Gaiter Mercedes
Published: July 2024

Artículo sin abstract disponible
Ascaris lumbricoides en verduras
Authors: Guerrero Stella , Aango María Cecilia , Zamorano Doris , Varela Carmen Elena
Published: July 2024

Artículo sin abstract disponible
¿Examen parasitológico de heces?
Authors: D'Alessandro Antonio
Published: July 2024

Artículo sin abstract disponible
Trypanosoma rangeli
Authors: D'Alessandro A
Published: July 2024

Artículo sin abstract disponible
Conferencia de Patología Clínica
Authors: De Gaiter Mercedes
Published: July 2024

Artículo sin abstract disponible
El tratamiento de las emergencias hipertensivas
Authors: Gutiérrez Óscar
Published: July 2024

Se presentan cinco ejemplos de emergencias hipertensivas: un caso de aneurisma disecante de la aorta, tres casos de encefalopatía hipertensivas y uno de epistaxis rebelde. Al aplicar de 5 a 10 mg de verapamil vía intravenosa, se obtiene descenso inmediato de la tensión arterial, el cual dura alrededor de 20 minutos.
Para sostener el efecto, se aplica una infusión intravenosa de verapamil en solución dextrosada. A fin de controlar la hipertensión en forma permanente, se debe aplicar furosemia intravenosa y resepina intramuscular, a los cuales es necesario agregar, en ocasiones, otros agentes antihipertensivos, como metildopa o betabloqueadores. Se revisan los mecanismos de acción de estos diferentes agentes.