bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
PERBANDINGAN METODE LATIHAN CONE DAN REACTION BALL TERHADAP KELINCAHAN ATLET PUTERI KLUB BOLA VOLI FORTIUS UNIVERSITAS NEGERI JAKARTA
Authors: Febriyanti Dwita , Dewanti Rina Ambar , Sujiono Bambang
Published: December 2017

ABSTRAK. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh metode latihan cone terhadap kelincahan, mengetahui pengaruh metode latihan reaction ball terhadap kelincahan, dan mengetahui perbandingan metode latihan cone dan reaction ball terhadap kelincahan Atlet puteri klub bola voli Fortius Universitas Negeri Jakarta.

            Penelitian ini dilakukan dari tanggal 6 maret sampai dengan 22 april 2017 sudah termasuk dengan tes awal dan tes akhir. Total pertemuan latihan berjumlah 16 kali pertemuan latihan. Metode penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode eksperimen. Populasi yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah atlet klub bola voli Fortius Universitas negeri Jakarta yang terdiri dari 45 orang atlet putera dan 27 orang atlet puteri. Teknik yang digunakan dalam pengambilan sampel adalah purposive sampling sehingga sampel yang digunakan berjumlah 20 orang atlet puteri yang memenuhi kriteria.

            Instrumen penelitian yang digunakan adalah dengan mengukur kelincahan Atlet puteri klub bola voli Fortius Universitas Negeri Jakarta menggunakan T-Run Agility Test. Teknik analisis data uji-t dengan menghitung nilai t-hitung dibanding dengan t-tabel pada taraf kepercayaan α = 0,05.

Data hasil tes awal dan tes akhir kelincahan pada metode latihan cone dengan uji-t pada taraf kepercayaan α = 0,05. Hasil dari metode latihan ini t-hitung 10,888 dan t-tabel 2,262. Sehingga metode latihan ini dapat meningkatkan kelincahan.

Data hasil tes awal dan tes akhir kelincahan pada metode latihan reaction ball dengan uji-t pada taraf kepercayaan α = 0,05. Hasil dari metode latihan ini t-hitung 9,647 dan t-tabel 2,262. Sehingga metode latihan ini dapat meningkatkan kelincahan.

Data yang diperoleh dari tes akhir di uji dengan uji-t pada taraf kepercayaan α = 0,05. Hasil tes akhir kedua kelompok adalah t-hitung 2,812 dan nilai t0tabel dengan derajat kebebasan (db b= n + n – 2) = 18 dan taraf kepercayaan α = 2,101. Dengan demikian t-hitung tes akhir metode latihan cone dan reaction ball dari nilai t-tabel yaitu t-hitung 2,812 > t-tabel 2,101, oleh karena itu Ho ditolak yang berarti ada perbedaanyang signifikan antara melakukan metode latihan metode latihan cone dan reaction ball.

            Kesimpulan akhir yang diperoleh melalui penelitian ini adalah metode latihan cone lebih efektif daripada metode latihan reaction ball terhadap kelincahan atlet puteri klub bola voli Fortius Universitas Negeri Jakarta.

 

Kata Kunci: Metode Latihan, Cone, Reaction Ball, Kelincahan, Bola Voli
HUBUNGAN ANTARA KEKUATAN OTOT LENGAN DAN PANJANG LENGAN TERHADAP KEMAMPUAN OVERHAND PASS PADA ANGGOTA EKSTRAKULIKULER BOLA TANGAN SMK NEGERI 26 JAKARTA
Authors: Pribadi Angga Rachmat , Apriyanto Tirto , Sujarwo Sujarwo
Published: December 2017

ABSTRAK. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memperoleh informasi tentang Hubungan Antara Kekuatan Otot Lengan dan Panjang Lengan Terhadap Kemampuan Overhand pass pada anggota ekstrakulikuler Bola Tangan SMK Negeri 26  Jakarta.

Pengambilan data dilakukan di lapangan bola tangan SMK Negeri 26 Jakarta pada tanggal 18 September 2014 sampai dengan tanggal 18 Desember 2014. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode deskriptif dengan teknik studi korelasi,sampel yang digunakan yaitu anggota ekstrakulikulerBola Tangan SMK Negeri 26 Jakarta sebanyak 20 orang, pengambilan sampel dengan menggunakan teknik total sampling (jenuh atau padat).Teknik pengujian hipotesis dilakukan dengan menggunakan teknik analisis statistika korelasi sederhana dan korelasi ganda yang dilanjutkan dengan uji-t pada taraf signifikasi  = 0,05.

            Hasil penelitian menunjukkan: pertama, terdapat hubungan yang berarti antara Kekuatan Otot Lengan dengan Overhand pass, dengan persamaan garis linier Ŷ = 20,44 + 0,59 X1, koefisien korelasi (ry1) = 0,59 dan koefisien determinasi (ry1²) = 0,3481, yang berarti variabel Kekuatan Otot Lengan memberikan sumbangan dengan Overhand pass sebesar 34.81%. Kedua,  terdapat hubungan yang berarti antara Panjang Lengandengan Overhand pass, dengan persamaan garis linier Ŷ = 11,77 + 0,76 X2, koefisien korelasi (ry2) = 0,76 dan koefisien determinasi (ry2²) = 0,5776, yang berarti variabel Panjang Lengan hanya memberikan sumbangan dengan Overhand pass sebesar 57,76%. Ketiga, terdapat hubungan yang berarti Antara Kekuatan Otot Lengan dan Panjang Lengan Dengan Overhand pass dengan persamaan garis linier Ŷ= 1,5 + 0,34X1 + 0,63X2 , koefisien korelasi Ry1-2 = 0,83dan koefisien determinasi (Ry1-2)² = 0,6889 yang berarti variabel Kekuatan Otot Lengan dan Panjang Lengan memberikan sumbangan dengan Overhand passs sebesar 68,89%.

 

Kata Kunci : Bola Tangan, Overhand pass, Kekuatan Otot Lengan
PERBANDINGAN METODE LATIHAN PIRAMIDA DAN METODE LATIHAN MULTIPLE SET TERHADAP PENINGKATAN KEKUATAN OTOT TUNGKAI PADA TIM PUTERA HOKI UNIVERSITAS NEGERI JAKARTA
Authors: Santoso Nugroho , Matakupan Octavianus , Marison Roy Widyonarto
Published: December 2017

ABSTRAK. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui beberapa hal yaitu 1) Metode latihan piramida meningkatkan kekuatan otot tungkai tim putera hoki Universitas Negeri Jakarta. 2) metode latihan multiple set meningkatkan kekuatan otot tungkai tim putera hoki Universitas Negeri Jakarta. 3) Efektivitas metode latihan piramida lebih efektif dibanding dengan metode latihan multiple set terhadap peningkatan kekuatan otot tungkai pada tim putera hoki Universitas Negeri Jakarta. Proses penelitian sampai tahap akhir yaitu pengolahan data, dilakukan mulai dari bulan Januari sampai bulan Juni 2016 di kampus b Universitas Negeri Jakarta.

 Menggunakan metode eksperimen, dengan jumlah pertemuan sebanyak 16 kali pertemuan. Populasi dan sampel yang diteliti ialah 30 orang atlet putera hoki Universitas Negeri Jakarta, penelitian ini menerapkan latihan single leg press menggunakan dua metode piramida dan metode multiple set.

Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, 1) perbandingan data awal dan akhir pada metode latihan piramida, nilai standar deviasi dari difference 26,71, nilai standar error dari mean of difference 7,14, kemudian diperoleh nilai (thitung) 15,35 dan (t tabel) sebesar 2,14. Berarti terjadi peningkatan yang signifikan hasil metode piramida terhadap kekuatan otot tungkai tim putera hoki UNJ. 2) perbandingan data awal dan akhir pada metode latihan multiple set, nilai standar deviasi dari difference 17,76 , nilai standar error dari meanof difference 5,65, kemudian diperoleh nilai (t hitung) 15,84 dan (t tabel) sebesar 2,14. Berarti terjadi peningkatan yang signifikan hasil latihan single leg press menggunakan metode multiple set terhadap kekuatan otot tungkai tim putera hoki UNJ. 3) perbandingan data tes akhir antara metode metode piramida dan multiple set terhadap peningkatan kekuatan otot tungkai tim putera hoki UNJ, rata-rata variabel x (piramida) sebesar 506,73 standar deviasi 38,57 dan varian 1487,92. Rata-rata variabel y (multiple set) sebesar 481,46, standar deviasi 44,80 dan varian 2007,71. kemudian diperoleh nilai t-hitung 1,6. Sedangkan nilai t-tabel sebesar 2,05. Jadi t-hitung t-tabel. Sehingga dapat disimpulkan, metode piramida lebih efektif dibanding metode multiple set terhadap peningkatan kekuatan otot tungkai tim putera hoki Universitas Negeri Jakarta, hanya saja perbedaan hasil peningkatan kekuatan otot tungkai pada kedua metode tidak signifikan.

 

 

Kata Kunci; Latihan Piramida, Latihan Multiple Set, Kekuatan Otot Tungkai, Hockey
TINGKAT PENGETAHUAN KESELAMATAN PENGUNJUNG ARUNG JERAM DI WISATA SUNGAI CISADANE BOGOR, JAWA BARAT
Authors: Bachtiar Faris , Budiningsih Marlinda , Kholik Abdul
Published: December 2017

ABSTRAK. Pengetahuan keselamatan penting bagi para pengunjung arung jeram karena dalam aktifitas ini rentan akan cedera dan kecelakaan. Penelitian deskriptif ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui tingkat pengetahuan keselamatan pengunjung. Sampel yang digunakan pada penelitian ini yaitu sejumlah 60 pengunjung pada tanggal 1 November sampai dengan 1 Januari 2017. Angket yang terdiri dari 4 dimensi yaitu kenyamanan diri, kenyamanan fisik, kenyamanan psikologi dan kenyamanan pengalaman yang berjumlah 20 soal yang disebar kepengunjung arung jeram wisata sungai Cisadane.

            Hasil penelitian menunjukkan tingkat pengetahuan keselamatan pengunjung arung jeram sungai Cisadane, Bogor, Jawa Barat adalah sedang, dengan nilai setiap dimensi hampir menyentuh 60%. Range valliditas memiliki nilai (r hitung = 0.08) dan nilai reabilitas sebesar 0,73.

            Kesimpulan akhir yang dapat diperoleh melalui penelitian ini adalah tingkat pengetahuan keselamatan pengunjung arung jeram di wisata sungai Cisadane, Bogor, Jawa Barat adalah sedang.

 

Kata Kunci : Pengetahuan, Keselamatan, Arum Jeram
MENINGKATKAN KETERAMPILAN PASSING ATAS BOLA VOLI MELALUI MODEL PEMBELAJARAN TEAMS GAMES TOURNAMENT
Authors: Riezky Giefary , Yusmawati Yusmawati
Published: December 2017

ABSTRAK. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan keterampilan passing atas bola voli pada siswa kelas VII SMP PGRI 2 Kota Tangerang Selatan. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah penelitian tindakan (Action research) dari kemmis and taggart. Subjek penelitian dalam penelitian ini adalah siswa kelas VII SMP PGRI 2 Kota Tangerang Selatan yang berjumlah 40 orang siswa. Instrumen penelitian menggunakan instrumen tes passing atas bola voli yang menilai proses rangkaian gerakanya. Teknik analisis data yang digunakan adalah deskriptif kualitatif dan kuantitatif dengan bentuk persentase. Tindakan untuk meningkatkan keterampilan passing atas bola voli melalui model pembelajaran team games tournament. Peningkatan ditandai dengan nilai rata-rata siswa. Nilai rata-rata siswa data awal sebesar 68 dengan persentase ketuntasan sebesar 20%. Kondisi tersebut mengalami peningkatan pada siklus I yaitu nilai rata-rata menjadi 74 dan persentase ketuntasan sebesar 65%. Namun, peningkatan tersebut masih belum mencapai target yang ditetapkan oleh peneliti yaitu sebesar 80%. Kemudian peneliti melanjutkan tindakan kepada siklus II. Setelah melanjutkan ke siklus II kembali mengalami peningkatan nailai rata-rata sebesar 80 dengan persentase ketuntasan sebesar 90%. Hal tersebut menunjukkan bahwa target yang telah ditetapkan sebelumnya sudah tercapai sehingga penelitian dihentikan pada siklus II. Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini adalah model pembelajaran team games tournament dapat meningkatkan keterampilang passing atas bola voli pada siswa kelas VII SMP PGRI 2 Kota Tangerang Selatan.

 

Kata Kunci: Penelitian Tindakan, Passing Atas Bola Voli, Team Games Tournamen
Pemahaman Penanganan dan Pemberian Pertolongan Pertama dala Cedera Olahraga pada Anggota PMR SMP Negeri 20 Jakarta
Authors: Kusuma Muhamad Reza , Junaedi Junaedi , Setiakarnawijaya Yasep
Published: December 2017

Abstrak: Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui bagaimana tingkat pemahaman penanganan dan pemberian pertolongan pertama dalam cedera olahraga pada anggota PMR SMP Negeri 20 Jakarta Timur. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di sekolah SMP Negeri 20 Jakarta yang berlokasi di Jalan Rantai Mas, KPAD Bulak Rantai Kramat Jati, Jakarta Timur. Pada tanggal 9 Juni 2016.

            Metode penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode survey. Sampel yang digunakan adalah anggota PMR SMP Negeri 20 Jakarta Timur yang berjumlah 25 orang. Teknik pengambilan sampel dengan mengunakan total sampling menggunakan kuisioner yang digunakan dalam berbentuk pernyataan dengan menggunakan Skala Guttman.

            Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, diperoleh hasil penelitian sebagai berikut : sebanyak 23 anggota PMR SMP Negeri 20 Jakarta Timur (92%) memiliki pemahaman penanganan dan pemberian pertolongan pertama dalam cedera olahraga yang baik, sebanyak 2 anggota PMR SMP Negeri 20 Jakarta Timur (8%) memiliki pemahaman yang cukup serta tidak ada anggota PMR SMP Negeri 20 Jakarta Timur (0%) yang memiliki pemahaman yang kurang dan tidak baik.

Kata Kunci:Pemahaman, Penanganan,Pertolongan Pertama, Cedera Olahraga
Kualitas Pembelajaran PENJASORKES (IMT, Kebugaran dan Keefektifan Pembelajaran) di Kota Jayapura
Authors: Mandosir Yohanis Manfred , Prima Putra Miftah Fariz
Published: December 2017

Abstrak. Penelitian ini diarahkan untuk mengungkap IMT siswa, tingkat kebugaran siswa, dan keefektifan pembelajaran penjasorkes di SMA se-Wilayah Kota Jayapura serta untuk mengetahui hubungan antara IMT dan tingkat kebugaran dengan keefektifan pembelajaran penjasorkes.

Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah SMA di wilayah Kota Jayapura. Dengan teknik samplingMultistages Random Sampling(MRS)diperoleh4 SMA yang sesuai dengan tujuan peneltian, yaitu: SMA Negeri 1 Jayapura, SMK Negeri 5 Jayapura, SMA Muhammadiyah Jayapura, SMA YPPK Teruna Bhakti Jayapura. Sampel guru sebanyak 4 orang sedangkan sampel siswa sebanyak 155 siswa.

Untuk pengumpulan data digunakan tiga instrumen, yaitu dokumentasi, tes, dan Formative Class Evaluation (FCE). Dokumentasi digunakan untuk mendapatkan data tentang gambaran visual siswa serta proses pembelajaran penjasorkes. Tes digunakan untuk mendapatkan data tentang IMT dan tingkat kebugaran siswa. Untuk mengetahui keefektifan pembelajaran penjasorkes akan digunakan FCE. Teknik analisis data yang digunakan ada dua, yaitu deskriptif dan regresi linier sederhana yang dikerjakan dengan bantuan program SPSS versi 21.

Hasil penelitian menemukan (1). 70% IMT siswa SMA di wilayah Kota Jayapura berkategori normal, (2). 54,74%tingkat kebugaran siswa SMA di wilayah Kota Jayapura berkategori kurang, (3) Keefektifan pembelajaran penjasorkes di sekolah SMA di wilayah Kota Jayapura menunjukkan hasil yang sangat baik, (4) Ada hubungan antara IMT, tingkat kebugaran dengan keefektifan pembelajaran penjasorkes.

Kata Kunci: IMT, tingkat kebugaran, keefektifan pembelajaran penjasorkes
Markov process reliability model for photovoltaic module failures
Authors: Cristaldi Loredana , Khalil Mohamed , Faifer Marco
Published: December 2017

This paper presents a Markov process reliability model for a photovoltaic module. This model includes all the possible failures associated to the operation of a Photovoltaic (PV) module. Failure modes are identified in detail, afterwards all the possible failure states of the PV module during the service are considered. Finally, a complete Markov process is attained to assess the probability of each failure mode occurrence and estimate the mean time to failure, probability density function of the time to module failure, hazard and survival functions of a PV module.
Frequency Domain Identification of Data Loss Models
Authors: Sujbert László , Orosz György
Published: December 2017

Recently measurement data loss has been of greater interest, due to the spread of sensor networks and the idea of Internet of things. A procedure is proposed that is able to identify the most frequently employed data loss models. It is assumed that the communication protocol provides information about data loss, i.e. the so-called data availability indicator function is known. The power spectral density (PSD) of the indicator function is representative for the model, and can be used for identification. Spectral estimation is carried out by Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) based techniques. The paper introduces the identification procedure for random independent, random block-based and general Markov model-based data loss patterns. The efficiencyof the proposed method is demonstrated by simulation and measurement results.
Bandwidth Limits in Hall Effect-based Current Sensors
Authors: Crescentini Marco , Marchesi Marco , Romani Aldo , Tartagni Marco , Traverso Pier Andrea
Published: December 2017

Modern power applications are demanding for small and broadband current sensors. Hall sensors are a good solution, but practical implementations are limited to a few hundred kHz. The literature offers a theoretical knowledge about the dynamic effects acting on the Hall probe but does neither define nor experimentally assess the bandwidth fundamental upper limit, since many parasitic dynamic effects perturb the inherent time response of the Hall sensor. This paper experimentally investigates the bandwidth upper limits in CMOS Hall effect-based current sensors. Based on the physics-based description of the Hall probe, the paper defines a novel, special-purpose, measurement technique, which is able to experimentally evaluate the inherent response time of the Hall probe without triggering the main parasitic effects. The paper also propose an equivalent electrical model describing the dynamic response of the Hall probe so as to better explain and understood the measurement results. Specifically, the paper identifies two bandwidth upper limits: a fundamental limit set by the intrinsic capacitance, which models the transversal charge accumulation due to the Hall effect, and a more practical limit set by the capacitive input of the electronic readout interface. Some main parasitic effects are then assess and added in the proposed model.
Hardware and Software Implementation Aspects for Low-cost Multi-Channel Interface for Passive Resistive Sensors
Authors: Kokolanski Zivko , Dimcev Vladimir , Taskovski Dimitar
Published: December 2017

The paper elaborates the hardware and software design and implementation aspects of a low-cost multichannel interface for passive resistive sensors. The interface is based on a multivibrator in a monostabile configuration and is suitable for direct interface to a programmable devices (e.g. microcontrollers, field programmable gate arrays, etc.). In the paper, details concerning the sensor interface are presented, and different calibration techniques are described. The theoretical analysis is supported by a practical realization of a prototype multichannel resistive sensor interface and software implementation in a LabVIEW environment.
Pengaruh Model Pembelajaran Kooperatif Tipe Group Investigation Terhadap Kreativitas Mahasiswa Semester I PGSD UM Surabaya pada Mata Kuliah Pengantar Manajemen Pendidikan
Authors: Mirnawati Lilik Binti
Published: December 2017

The indicators of creativity consists of fluent, flexible, and original thinking in which the score or value totaled and analyzed by using t-test two independent samples. On the validity of the test, it is obtained that the counting of  ≥ r r-critical (0.334), which is item 1= 0.937 and item 2 = 0.885 then the instrument is said to be valid and can be used. In the test of reliableility, the counting of r > r critical (0.60), namely Alpha value of 0.781 means greater than 0.60. Thus the entire item instrument is reliable. The results of hypothesis testing can be seen from the data that has been analyzed by t 5.222> t-table 2.00 (α = 0.05). it can be concluded that the problability of error in this research still below 0,05. Hypothesis testingbcan be decided that with the high price of 5.564 t-test has a significant level of 0.000 which turned the position which is still far below the value of α = 0.05. Therefore, this research successfully rejects the significant level of 5%. Furthermore, it can be concluded that  was proved right. Mean posttest in the experimental group was 85.63. The mean post-test control group was 75.45. It can be concluded that the creativity or creative thinking ability of students in the experimental group was higher than the control group. It is mean that model of cooperative learning type group investigation positive effect on creativity or creative thinking students’ ability.
Hubungan antara, Self Esteem dengan Self Disclosure pada Saat Chatting di Facebook
Authors: Santi Novi Nitya , Damariswara Rian
Published: December 2017

Facebook is an internet based social media that were populer at the moment. The use of sosial media is very populer no exception student. Students communicatem confide and seek information through facebook. Of the activities, appears a phenomenon experienced by students of the symptoms of self esteem and self disclosure. This research aims to determine the relationship between self esteem and self disclosure. The relationship between the level of self esteem with self disclosure while chatting on facebook worth 0,766. Meaning that the reletionship between the level of self esteem with self disclosure is very strong and direct. Where a person who has high self esteem will be able to able to demonstrate self-disclosure are effective in communicating that is: be open, able to empathize, to be positive in the communication process and feel similar to the communication partner. Conversely a low self esteem are less able to express himself well, fear of failure in social relations
Peningkatan Karakter Mahasiswa Program Studi PGSD pada Mata Kuliah Pengembangan Pembelajaran IPA SD di Universitas Muhammadiyah Sidoarjo
Authors: Setiyawati Enik , Rocmah Luluk Iffatur
Published: December 2017

PGSD student's character can be seen from various aspects of the attitude that must be owned by an educator, especially educators in primary school. Some of these aspects are honesty, cooperation, discipline, responsibility, and independence. Aspects of honesty student still low category, the aspect of cooperation, discipline, responsibility, and independence are being categorized. The purpose of this research is to describe the increase in student character study program PGSD On Learning Course Development IPA SD At the University of Muhammadiyah Sidoarjo. In conducting the study, researchers used a classroom action research (Classroom Action Research). Based on the results of the study in the first cycle and the second cycle, it can be seen that there is a rise in the value of the character of students in primary school teaching courses Learning Development IPA SD from the first cycle to the second cycle. Value of character in the first cycle of 71.4, while the value of the character in the second cycle of 98.5. This shows that there is an increase of 27.1 of all indicators of character shown by students of primary school teaching course on development of Elementary Science Lesson.
Efektivitas Model Pembelajaran Quantum Learning dengan Media Aplikasi Bamboomedia Bmgames Apps Terhadap Keterampilan Membaca Permulaan Pada Siswa Kelas I MI Se-Kecamatan Kedungadem
Authors: Hasanudin Cahyo , Asror Abdul Ghoni
Published: December 2017

The aim of this study is to know whether applying quantum learning through Bamboomedia BMGames Apps or direct instruction using the book as a media which able to increase early reading skill. This study is under quasi experimental design that involves the first grade students of sixteen Madrasah Ibtidaiah in Kedungadem Residence. In deciding the sample the researcher used simple random sampling technique. The sample of the schools in this study were the first grade student of Madrasah Ibtidaiyah Muhammadiyah 1 Kedungadem as experimental class and the first grade of Madrasah Ibtidaiyah Muhammadiyah 27 Geger as control class. Data collection technique used were documentation and test. The result reveals that both of the group have a homogeneity variance (Fhitung = 0,0556 < 2,0879  = Ftabel) than using t test with significant level 0,05 reveals 7,0573 with t0,05;40 = 1,6838. From the t table DK = . tobs  DK.   Based on the data above, H0 is rejected. It can be concluded that the students taught using quantum learning collaborated with bamboomedia application have skill to read verb, and simple sentence better than the students taught using direct instruction using the book as media.
Enhancing fish productivity through pen culture: a case study in Sareni wetland of Uttar Pradesh
Authors: Alam A. , Joshi K. D. , Das S. C. S. , Jha D. N. , Srivastava K. , Kumar V. , Bhattacharjya B. K.
Published: December 2017

Pen culture for in situ raising of stocking material was conducted in Sareni Jheel, located in the Rae Bareli District of Uttar Pradesh. Sareni Jheel, being rich in organic carbon (4.5%) and nutrients, higher values of silt (29%) and clay (15%) were recorded. Rich oxygen levels, alkaline pH, high organic matter, moderate to high chemical parameters suggested moderately productive nature of this wetland. Pen with high-density polyethylene (HDPE) net was installed in an area of 0.1378 ha and stocked with advanced fry of the Indian major carps, rohu Labeo rohita and catla Catla catla in the ratio of 1:1 @ 25 nos. m-2. No significant changes in water quality parameters were noticed within and outside the installed pen. Mean weight at stocking of rohu and catla was 2.88±1.41 g and 2.1±1.16 g, which increased to 57.2±13.84 g and 67.38±25.79 g respectively, in 120 days. The average feed conversion ratio (FCR) recorded was 1.08 with overall survivability of 69.52% in rohu and 74.74% in catla. Benefit-cost ratio and return on investment were calculated as 1.69 and 0.69, respectively. Intervention through pen culture resulted in the increase in fish productivity of Sareni Jheel from 310 to 833 kg ha-1.
Cyclic feeding of low and high protein diets reduces production cost of Labeo rohita (Hamilton, 1822)
Authors: Xavier Biji , Jain K. K. , Sahu N. P. , Pal A. K. , Maheswarudu G.
Published: December 2017

Eighty four days feeding trial (3 feeding cycle ; each cycle of 28 days comprising 21 days with low protein and 7 days with normal or high protein diets) was conducted with Labeo rohita fingerlings to investigate the growth performance. Four diets; D1 (10% CP); D2 (30% CP); D3 (35% CP) and D4 (40% CP) were prepared. A total of 225 fingerlings were distributed randomly into five treatments in triplicates. T1 and T2 groups were fed with D1 and D2 diets respectively throughout the experimental period. The feeding cycle of 28 days consisted of 21 days feeding with D1 and 7 days with D2 (T3); D3 (T4) or D4 (T5). Higher growth rate in terms of specific growth rate, feed conversion ratio and apparent net protein utilisation were found in T2 and T3 group compared to T4 and T5. However, protein efficiency ratio of T3 group was significantly higher than the T2 group (p<0.05). Highest and lowest content of protein and lipid was observed in T2 group, whereas, the ash content was highest in T1 group. Feeding cost wasconsiderably reduced with T3 group of low protein intake (43.63%) registering 20.17% saving in production cost. The results indicate that fish fed with cyclic feeding schedule of 21 days with D1 (10% CP) followed by 7 days with a normal diet, D2 (30% CP) could reduce the production cost with considerable savings in feed cost.
Proximate composition and micronutrient profile of different size groups of hilsa Tenualosa ilisha (Hamilton, 1822) from river Ganga
Authors: Ganguly S. , Mahanty A. , Mitra T. , Mohanty B. P.
Published: December 2017

The Indian shad hilsa, Tenualosa ilisha (Hamilton, 1822) is an important food fish in South-east Asian countries. The fish is rich in oil and known for its high omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) content; however information available on the micronutrient profile of this commercially important food fish is limited. The present study investigated the detailed micronutrient profile (mineral and fat soluble vitamins) of different size groups of hilsa. Proximate composition analysis revealed that besides being rich in crude fat (7.91-14.61%), the protein content of this fish is also very high (19.44-21.86%). The macro-minerals potassium, calcium and micro-minerals iron, zinc and the fat soluble vitamins A and E are the dominant micronutrients in different size groups of hilsa. Comparative nutritional evaluation of different size groups of hilsa showed that medium size fish is nutritionally superior to both small and large size groups.
A new epithelial cell line, SSK from kidney of striped snakehead Channa striatus (Bloch 1793)
Authors: Chaudhary D. K. , Sood N. , Verma D. K. , Swaminathan T. R. , Kushwaha B. , Abidi R. , Pradhan P. K.
Published: December 2017

A cell line was established from striped snakehead Channa striatus kidney. The cell line, named as SSK, has been passaged for over 62 times. Growth studies at different temperatures and foetal bovine serum (FBS) concentrations revealed that SSK cells show optimum growth at 28°C in L-15 medium containing 20% FBS. The chromosome number of SSK cells was 2n=40. Partial sequencing of mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase 1 gene of the cells confirmed that the cell line originated from C. striatus. The SSK cells were primarily epithelial, as determined using immunophenotyping. The cells from SSK cell line were transfected with phrGFP II-N mammalian expression vector. The SSK cell line was stored in liquid nitrogen (-196οC) at different passages and was successfully revived after four months of storage. The cell line could be successfullyemployed for cytotoxicity studies, as revealed by neutral red assay. The cell line can be a valuable surrogate to the whole fish studies.
Economic performance of motorised and non-mechanised fishing methods during and after-ban period in Ramanathapuram District of Tamil Nadu
Authors: Johnson B. , Narayanakumar R. , Swathilekshmi P. S. , Geetha R. , Ramachandran C.
Published: December 2017

Ramanathapuram is an important coastal district significantly contributing to the marine fish production of Tamil Nadu State. The coastal length, number of fishing villages and fishing activities is more in Ramanathapuram District in comparison to other coastal districts in Tamil Nadu. The present study analysed the economic performance of motorised and non-mechanised craft-gear combinations during and after-ban period in Ramanathapuram District. In motorised single day craft-gear combinations, the capital productivity was higher during ban period in comparison with after-ban period, with a lower operating ratio ranging from 0.55 for gillnetter to 0.58 for bottom-set gillnetter. In motorised multi-day craft-gear combinations, the capital productivity during ban, was more in comparison with after-ban period with a lower operating ratio of 0.64 for trawler and gillnetter. In non-mechanised craft-gear combinations, during ban, the capital productivity was higher in comparison with after-ban period with a lower operating ratio ranging from 0.49 for gillnetter to 0.52 for bottom-set gillnetter. It was found that during ban period, capital productivity was high in non-mechanised gillnetter and bottom set gillnetter, while the catch, labour productivity and income were high in multi-day (2-4 days) trawler and gillnetter.
Characteristics of ornamental fish enterprise in Ratnagiri District in Maharashtra State, India
Authors: Bhatkar H. R. , Yadav B. M. , Shirdhankar M. M. , Chaudhari K. J. , Wasave S. M. , Patil S. V.
Published: December 2017

The present study was carried out to document the characteristics and to analyse the present status of ornamental fish enterprise in the Ratnagiri District of Maharashtra State. A total of 71 ornamental fish enterprises were surveyed. Ornamental fish industry of Ratnagiri District was dominated by men and majority of them belong to one religion. The ornamental fish enterprises was found to be the primary source of livelihood for these people. Maximum units were established in less than 0.01 ha land. The retail shops were small with an area of 10-20 sq. m. The major items of non-recurring expenditure were tanks, water supply and electrical items, water treatment equipments, building for housing the tanks, water quality parameter analysis equipments, aerators, blowers and hosing for aquarium tanks. Major items of recurring expenditure were dry feed, electricity charges and communication charges. Goldfish and angelfish were the most preferred groups due to the demand in market. Monsoon crops were mostly taken by ornamental breeding and rearing units. Dry feed was commonly used by the enterprise for feeding and salt as chemical for treating fish while oxytetracycline was the common antibiotic used by ornamental fish entrepreneurs. The maximum breeding and rearing unit holders were those who got trained as beneficiaries of the Rainbow Revolution Scheme (RRS) of the Marine Products Export Development Authority (MPEDA).
Effect of dietary protein levels on the growth of Carnatic carp Barbodes carnaticus (Jerdon, 1849) fingerlings
Authors: Sridhar N. , Gangadhar B. , Latha Uma , Raghavendra C.H. , Giri S. S. , Jayasankar P.
Published: December 2017

Fingerlings of Barbodes carnaticus (Jerdon 1849) (6.40±0.267 cm, 2.46±0.39 g) were reared in aerated plastic tubs (40 l) with five iso-energetic diets formulated to contain crude protein levels ranging from 25 to 45% using pure ingredients. Initially, the diet was fed at @5% of the biomass and gradually adjusted based on daily feed consumption. The fish were allowed to feed for 6 h and thereafter the unconsumed feeds were siphoned out. The following day, faecal matter was collected from each tank by filtering the water with a fine meshed nylon cloth (15 μm), dried, pooled and stored for proximate analysis. Water from eachtub was replaced with 50% freshwater every day after faecal matter collection. The feeding trial was conducted for a period of 60 days. Proximate composition of feed and faecal matter was analysed. Acid insoluble ash was used as the reference marker for dry matter, protein and fat digestibility determination. The growth parameters and protein efficiency ratio (PER) were higher (p<0.05) in fish fed 35% protein diet compared to other diets. The feed conversion ratio (FCR) was lower (p<0.05) in 35, 40 and 45% protein diets compared to the lower protein diets. The carcass proximate composition revealed the lowest moisture (p<0.05) and highest protein (p>0.05) and fat content (p<0.05) in fish fed 35% protein diet compared to other diets. The digestibility ofdry matter and nutrients was higher (p<0.05) with 35% protein diet. The study revealed crude protein requirement of 35% by the fingerlings of B. carnaticus.
Immunisation of Labeo rohita with Antigenic preparation of Aphanomyces invadans
Authors: Yadav M. K. , Pradhan P. K. , Sood N. , Chaudhari D. K. , Verma D. K. , Chauhan U. K. , Punia P. , Jena J. K.
Published: December 2017

Aphanomyces invadans is an important fungal pathogen infecting freshwater and brackishwater fishes. In the present study, an attempt has been made to determine the effect of immunisation in Labeo rohita advanced fingerlings against A. invadans infection. The efficacy of the immunisation was evaluated by challenge with A. invadans as well as quantification of antibody level by ELISA. Following an initial immunisation in conjunction with adjuvant, the fish were given a booster dose after 35 days. After 14 and 28 days of the booster injection, blood was collected from the immunised rohu for monitoring the antibody level. The fish were also challenged with A. invadans zoospores to determine the relative percent survival. The immunised fish had significantly higher antibody level after 14 days of booster injection as compared to the control fish. However, the antibody level after 28 days of booster injection was not significantly different from the control fish. More importantly, similar to control fish, 100% mortality was observed in the immunised fish challenged after 14 and 28 days of booster immunisation. Therefore, it can be concluded that it may not be suitable to induce protective immunity following immunisation with conventional antigenic preparations.
Evaluation of different media for cell proliferation in mantle tissue culture of the green mussel, Perna viridis (Linnaeus, 1758)
Authors: Suja C. P. , Raghavan V. Srinivasa , Jayasankar VIDYA , Divipala I. , Mohamed M. Bareen , Mary B. Koncies , Vijayan K. K.
Published: December 2017

The aim of the present study was to establish a suitable culture system for tissue explants from the mantle of the green mussel, Perna viridis. The experiments were conducted using healthy, live green mussels in the size range of 75 to 110 g collected from Pulicat Lake, Tamil Nadu. Three different culture media namely M199, Leibovitz L-15 and sterile seawater were used to assess the most suitable medium for growth, proliferation and viability of mantle epithelial cells. The effect of the addition of two supplements viz., 10% foetal calf serum (FCS) and 0.1% yeast extract to the culture media was also evaluated. After carefully isolating the pallial layer from the mantle tissue, 1-2 mm2 size explants were successfully cultured in 12-well plates at 25°C for up to 14 days. Cultures were monitored under light and phase contrast objectives in an inverted microscope. Cell counts were made and cell size was measured for each treatment. Cells were observed to migrate from the periphery of the explant within 24 h after initiation of cultures. The liberated cells were mostly round and were either granulocytes or hyalinocytes. Fibroblast-like cells were also observed. Our results showed that proliferation of epithelial cells from mantle tissue was maximum in seawater medium (7.4x104 cells ml-1), followed by L-15 medium (2.55x104 cells ml-1). Average cell size in seawater medium was 10.72 μm and that in L-15 and M199 media was 8.56 and 6.39 μm, respectively. Adherent cells were also more prominent and higher in number in seawater medium. Supplementation of culture media with 10% FCS and 0.1% yeast extract improved both cell proliferation and cell size in all the three culture media. Four concentrations of 0.1% yeast extract (@ 50 μl, 75 μl, 100 μl, 150 μl ml-1 medium) were tested in the present study and best results were obtained with 100 μl ml-1, with respect to both cell counts and size.
Screening of Penaeus vannamei Boone, 1931 collected from east coast of India for monodon baculovirus (MBV) and hepatopancreatic parvovirus (HPV)
Authors: Jagadeesan V. , Ezhil Praveena P. , Bhuvaneswari T. , Jithendran K. P. , Otta S. K.
Published: December 2017

Aquaculture is one of the fastest growing sectors yielding more than 10% growth rate per annum over the past 10 years, with a contribution of about 16% of animal protein production globally. Aquaculture production has surpassed that of the other meat producing sectors. Diseases, especially of viral etiology, remains a stumbling block for the growth of this sector posing great threat. The major viruses affecting shrimps in India are white spot syndrome virus (WSSV) and infectious hypodermal hematopoietic necrosis virus (IHHNV). Besides this, monodon baculovirus (MBV) and hepatopancreatic parvovirus (HPV) also cause considerable loss to the shrimp farmers. MBV outbreaks can cause mass mortalities when combined with other viral diseases. Moreover, MBV and HPV infections can lead to slow growth in cultured penaeid shrimps, thereby affecting the production. Although studies pertaining to the prevalence of these two viruses in the tiger shrimp Penaeus monodon have been reported extensively, similar information on Penaeus vannamei farming is scanty. Hence a pilot study was undertaken to screen P. vannamei samples collected from various farms of Tamil Nadu, Andhra Pradesh and West Bengal. Shrimp samples (n=20) from six farms during 35-75 days of culture (DOC) were collected for screening by PCR. It was found that all the samples were negative for MBV and HPV. It could be concluded that the prevalence of both these viruses in P. vannamei are either absent or very low.
Live table fish transportation - a means of innovative value addition in the fish retail markets of Ludhiana, Punjab
Authors: Muzaddadi A. U. , Ahmad T. , Monika Monika , Nanda S. K.
Published: December 2017

In the present study, different means of transportation of live table fish in Sherpur Fish Market, Ludhiana District in Punjab were investigated. Two methods, one for short distance (travel time <2h) and the other for long distance transportation (travel time 2-6 h), were studied. The transportation method for short distance was with tricycle-rickshaw either pulled by humans or by a moped, wherein, a wooden cuboid (1.5x1.0x1.0 m) with internal polythene lining was used with a carrying capacity of 50-100 kg fish. In the long distance transportation method, polythene lined truck-pool of 3.1x1.83x0.75 m was used and about 600-700 kg fish per truck-pool was transported. About 50 to 100% fish mortality was observed in the long-distancecarriage or truck-pool method, whereas, only 10- 20% mortality was recorded in short-distance-carriage or cart method. The fish transported were primarily carps weighing 300-1500 g each and comprised catla (catla catla ), rohu (Labeo rohita), mrigal (Cirrhinus mrigala), common carp (Cyprinus carpio), big-head carp (Hypophthalmichthys nobilis) and silver carp (Hypophthalmichthys molitrix). The live fish packaging and transportation were used as a means of value addition to ensure fresh quality and added market price per unit fish. The retail price of live table carps ranged from `120-200 kg-1 based on species of fish and its size, whereas, the dead and iced fish was priced below `100 kg-1. The major problems faced in live fish transportation were lack of aeration of water during transportation, inconvenient and cumbersome nature of existing method and accident proneness. The study suggested the need for scientific intervention in mainly two aspects such as: 1) to develop a handy method of live table fish transportation compatible to truck-pools and 2) to develop an aerator appropriate for the live-fish transportation containers in order to overcome the existing problems.
Estimating Reserves and Success for a Prospect with Geologically Dependent Layers
Authors: Murtha J. A.
Published: December 2017

A drilling prospect with several potential pay zones is modeled. Analytical arguments involving conditional probabilities reveal that geological dependence has no bearing on either the expected number of successful layers or the expected combined reserves. Monte Carlo simulation sheds light on the dispersion of the reserve distribution. A case study using an offshore Louisiana prospect with three layers illustrates the principles described. The general approach outlined in this model of layered pay zones can be applied to other types of prospects having multiple components that may be related.
Business and Marketing Practices of U.S. Landscape Firms
Authors: Torres Ariana , Barton Susan S. , Behe Bridget K.
Published: December 2017

Little information has been published on the business and marketing practices of landscape firms, an important sector of the green industry. We sought to profile the product mix, advertising, marketing, and other business practices of United States landscape firms and compare them by business type (landscape only, landscape/retail, and landscape/retail/grower) as well as by firm size. We sent the 2014 Trade Flows and Marketing survey to a wide selection of green industry businesses across the country and for the first time included landscape businesses. Herbaceous perennials, shade trees, deciduous shrubs, and flowering bedding plants together accounted for half of all landscape sales; 3/4 of all products were sold in containers. However, landscape only firms sold a higher percentage of deciduous shrubs compared with landscape/retail/grower firms. Landscape businesses diversified their sales methods as they diversified their businesses to include production and retail functions. Landscape businesses spent, on average, 5.6% of sales on advertising, yet large landscape companies spent two to three times the percentage of sales on advertising compared with small- and medium-sized firms. Advertising as a percent of sales was three to four times higher for landscape/retail/grower compared with landscape only or landscape/retail firms; most respondents used Internet advertising as their primary method of advertising. The top three factors influencing price establishment in landscape businesses were plant grade, market demand, and uniqueness of plants, whereas inflation was ranked as the least important of the nine factors provided. A higher percentage of small and medium-sized firms perceived last year’s prices as more important in price establishment compared with large firms. A high percentage of large landscape companies said the ability to hire competent hourly employees was an important factor in business growth and management, but this was true only for about half of the small and medium-sized landscape companies.
Effects of Fertilizer Type and Rate on the Quality and Nutrient Content of Four Species of Trees Growing in Sandy South Florida Soils
Authors: Broschat Timothy K.
Published: December 2017

Broadleaf ornamental trees are known to vary widely in their responses to fertilization, depending on the species and soil and other environmental factors. Thus, it is important to study the responses of a wide range of tree species to fertilization, especially on nutrient-poor soils. Four species of temperate to tropical trees, live oak (Quercus virginiana), west indian mahogany (Swietenia mahagoni), black olive (Bucida buceras ‘Shady Lady’), and beautyleaf (Calophyllum brasiliense), planted into a sandy native soil in south Florida were fertilized with a 24N–0P–9.3K turf fertilizer or an 8N–0P–10K–4Mg plus micronutrients palm fertilizer at rates of 10 or 20 g of nitrogen per tree four times per year. Tree height, width, caliper, and nutrient deficiency rating scores for nitrogen, potassium, and magnesium were determined at 1 year after planting (establishment period) and at 3 years after planting (maintenance phase). Data from these measured variables were subjected to principal component analysis to obtain a single measure of overall quality, namely, the scores for each tree on the first principal component. West Indian mahogany showed no response to fertilization during or following establishment. Either fertilizer type or rate improved live oak, black olive, and beautyleaf quality over that of unfertilized controls during both establishment and maintenance phases, but the high rate of the palm fertilizer was superior to either rate of the turf fertilizer for beautyleaf both during establishment and afterward. Leaf nutrient concentrations generally were poorly correlated with overall tree quality, but manganese concentrations differed significantly among treatments for all four species. Based on these results, fertilization of West Indian mahogany is not recommended, but live oak, black olive, and beautyleaf will benefit from fertilizer applied at the time of planting and after establishment.
Environment Affects White Drupelet Disorder Expression on Three Blackberry Cultivars in South Mississippi
Authors: Stafne Eric T. , Rezazadeh Amir , Miller-Butler Melinda , Smith Barbara J.
Published: December 2017

White drupelet disorder (WDD) is a problem that occurs during the ripening stage in some blackberry (Rubus subgenus Rubus) cultivars. Although berries affected with a few white drupelets may taste fine, they are unpleasant aesthetically, and this may lead to negative consumer perceptions and economic ramifications. During 2 years of observational studies and field trials (2016 and 2017), we evaluated changes in three susceptible cultivars in Mississippi affected by WDD. ‘Chickasaw’, ‘Kiowa’, and ‘Sweetie Pie’ berries were harvested twice per week and assessed for WDD. Weather conditions differed substantially during harvest in 2016 and 2017, with 2017 being cooler and rainier which resulted in a lower incidence of WDD. Compared with 2016, in 2017, the overall percentage of berries exhibiting WDD dropped from 22% to 12% for ‘Sweetie Pie’, 6% to 3% for ‘Chickasaw’, and 8% to 3% for ‘Kiowa’. The soluble solids concentration was highest in ‘Sweetie Pie’, 11.9% and 9.5% for 2016 and 2017, respectively. For all cultivars examined, the soluble solids concentration of extracted white drupelets was substantially lower than regular drupelets. The value for skin break force for white drupelets was higher than that for black drupelets, 0.99 N vs. 0.29 N, respectively. In 2017, an about 30% shadecloth treatment had a significantly positive impact by decreasing WDD symptoms in all cultivars by 63% when compared with non-shaded plants, but soluble solids concentration was lower. Our results indicate that rain and shadecloth decrease symptoms of WDD. Therefore, growers may be able to use overhead irrigation and shade to reduce WDD symptoms.