bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A design of multiplier based on Radix_4 Booth algorithm and 4-2 Wallace compression tree
Authors: Liu Chenghao , Sun Jingyu , Tang Ruihong
Published: February 2024

In a multitude of computational and signal processing scenarios, the multiplier functions as a fundamental arithmetic component. Given the complex hardware arrangement of multipliers and their usual positioning within the crucial pathway of digital systems, their significance is substantial. Therefore, approximations of multipliers can greatly optimize system performance. This essay examines the fundamental ideas behind the Wallace tree, the Carry ahead adder, and the Radix-4 Booth algorithm. Additionally, instead of the more common 3-2 compressors, a Wallace tree structure with 4-2 compressors is used to compact these products for the manufacture of partial products. This reduction in compression stages to three significantly curtails delays along critical paths, thereby substantially improving overall performance. The compressed outcomes from the Wallace tree undergo processing via a 64 bit carry ahead adder, effectively addressing delays stemming from mutual carry propagation among sequentially connected regular full adders. Leveraging these principles and processes, a 32-bit signed multiplier is designed. Building upon this foundation, an approximate Booth multiplier is developed, enhancing both computational speed and reducing critical path delays. The functionality of the multiplier was validated using Vivado simulation, demonstrating its correctness. Additionally, the RTL-level circuitry of different segments of the multiplier was showcased.
Parallel programming: Driving the computational surge in AI
Authors: Ma Yumeng
Published: February 2024

With the meteoric ascent and ongoing advancements in the realm of Artificial Intelligence (AI), there's an escalating demand for potent computational capabilities. Meeting the exacting computational demands of burgeoning AI technologies has become a pivotal topic in contemporary research. This study is anchored on the theme: "Impact of Parallel Programming on AI." The objective is to delve into the potentialities and value that parallel programming technology might introduce to the AI sector. To deeply probe the integration of parallel programming in AI, we've employed a meticulous research methodology. This process disentangles and scrutinizes the prevalent parallel programming techniques and their tangible applications within the AI sphere. Such a method offers a nuanced grasp of the fusion of parallel programming with AI and the distinct advantages that ensue. Findings reveal a substantial enhancement in the efficacy of AI models when they leverage parallel programming techniques. This is especially salient in scenarios involving large-scale data training and intricate model architectures. Most notably, parallel programming dramatically slashes AI training durations. This swift training paves the way for rapid iterations and fine-tuning. In conclusion, parallel programming emerges as a game-changer in the AI domain. It doesn't merely amplify AI performance but also lays a robust technical bedrock for AI's sustained and swift evolution. This opens up a vista of novel prospects and avenues for forthcoming exploration and application in AI.
YOLO, Faster R-CNN, and SSD for cloud detection
Authors: Yu Fenglin
Published: February 2024

Object detection is an essential problem in computer vision. Many models perform well in different kinds of object detection problems. However, there needs to be more research on object detection for similar objects in traditional research fields. To study the performance of standard target detection models in similar target detection, this paper uses the cloud detection problem that requires higher accuracy than detection speed as an example. This paper trained and tested three models, YOLO, Faster R-CNN, and SSD, with our data set and obtained excellent detection results. On this basis, this paper puts forward some reasons that may cause the detection accuracy not to be high and puts forward the corresponding optimisation methods for these reasons, hoping to provide some ideas and help to solve this kind of problem.
An analysis of the applications of mechatronics in intelligent manufacturing
Authors: Chen Yihan
Published: February 2024

With the continuous development of the social economy, countries increasingly pay more attention to mechatronics and put forward various relevant policies for the actual situation of mechatronics to promote mechatronics and achieve sustainable development. However, from the current actual situation of mechatronics, due to the influence of various external factors, its degree of development cannot meet the requirements of modern social development; therefore, the application of advanced intelligent technology to mechatronics design is inevitable. Based on this, this paper expounds the intelligent manufacturing technology and mechatronics system overview as the basis for analysing the actual situation of the development of modern mechanical and electrical equipment digital design, then analyses the advantages of intelligent technology from different aspects and applies them to the daily mechatronics design to bring huge economic benefits to enterprises, and concludes that the development level of social productivity in the future is closely related to the integration level of mechatronics and intelligent manufacturing.
The rise of educational robots: A review of classroom applications
Authors: Huang Xixian
Published: February 2024

As critical mechanics and artificial intelligence have improved at a fast pace, the application of robots has become a trending research domain. Robot has a golden opportunity to be a game-changer in the education domain. A large group of studies have noted that robots can offer a promising learning design in the classroom to help students boost their studying. This article analysed papers published in the science database between 2012 and 2022 relating to robot settings and tried to conduct a review on robots used in the classroom. The review focuses on features in these studies, including the age of participants, duration of the study, field of discipline, interaction method, and studying strategies, identifying roles of robots and evaluating the performance of students. This study also indicates shortages in robot deployment and provides several suggestions for future research.
Application and challenges of informer model in financial time series prediction: A review
Authors: Zhao Zequan
Published: February 2024

Time series prediction has shown excellent performance in various fields in recent years, such as stock prices, weather changes, traffic flow, and other fields. Its application development is becoming increasingly mature, and long series time prediction area of research has gained significant prominence. The excellent performance of deep learning in many models has unleashed the potential and possibility of time series prediction to a certain extent. Based on the above reasons, applying deep learning to the field of time series prediction has become a meaningful research. Therefore, the purpose of this article is to analyze the Informer algorithm model in the area of financial time series prediction and provide a comprehensive literature review on the implementation of Informer models in financial time series. Attempting to investigate and analyze the problems and challenges that Informer models may encounter in the area of financial time series prediction, with the hope of providing innovative inspiration and motivating new forms of knowledge for future workers.
Extraction of roads from satellite images using MATLAB
Authors: Wu Zhengxi
Published: February 2024

Satellite imagery is increasingly being used in geographic information and urban planning, with road detection being one of its important tasks. However, traditional road detection methods have some limitations, such as poor handling of sharp turns and intersections. Therefore, the development of automatic road tracking methods based on morphological principles is of significant importance. This study addresses the urgent need for efficient and accurate road detection in satellite images. By combining morphological principles and convolutional operations, the proposed method can accurately identify road networks in complex environments. The advancement of this automatic road tracking technology holds great potential for improving navigation systems and urban planning, greatly enhancing the efficiency and accuracy of road information extraction. Additionally, this technology has far-reaching implications for urban planning. By more accurately capturing road layouts, urban planners can develop more reasonable road construction plans, optimize traffic flow, and improve the quality of life for city residents.
Navigating the Cyber Kill Chain: A modern approach to pentesting
Authors: Zhao Letao
Published: February 2024

The Cyber Kill Chain is a strategic model that outlines the stages of a cyberattack, from initial reconnaissance to achieving the final objective. This framework is often mirrored in penetration testing (pentest), a legal and authorized simulated attack on a computer system performed to evaluate its security. By understanding the steps in the Cyber Kill Chain, penetration testers can mimic the strategies of malicious attackers, exploring vulnerabilities at each stage of the chain. This approach allows organizations to evaluate their defensive measures across the full spectrum of an attack, identifying weaknesses and enhancing their security protocols accordingly. In essence, the Cyber Kill Chain provides a roadmap for pen-testers to systematically evaluate an organization's cyber defences. The research method of this article involves a systematic analysis of the Cyber Kill Chain model, examining how penetration testers can employ this strategic framework to emulate the tactics of malicious attackers and identify methodology at each stage of the chain.
Library management database design and application
Authors: Liang Jiahao
Published: February 2024

Under the data-centric business environment, efficient database design is pivotal for efficient data management across various sectors. For libraries and bookstores, a well-tailored database is essential to categorize, index, and swiftly retrieve vast amounts of data, ensuring efficient operations. MySQL is an open-source database management system which facilitates efficient data manipulation. Based on MySQL, this essay delves into the realm of library database design and application, addressing the need for streamlined systems. This research addresses the need for adaptation in the evolving technology landscape and offers practical insights for librarians and researchers aiming to optimize information management in modern libraries. Employing the basic steps for database design, we explore one methodology for designing a library management database based on the design of database requirement, modeling, backend implementation, efficiency optimization and testing using MySQL. Through this approach, the study provides a potential solution that meets the basic requirements of libraries and enhances information management practices.
Exploration of movie evaluation analysis and data preprocessing impact based on RNN technology
Authors: Ye Ruobing
Published: February 2024

In order to provide valuable models for the film and television industry, this study aims to introduce recurrent neural network (RNN) techniques for effective movie evaluation analysis. Semantic analysis using machine learning is a very important means of extracting and understanding the meaning behind the text. The study evaluates different RNN techniques to identify the optimal neural network model. Data preprocessing includes tokenization and embedding, including dataset partitioning, tokenization process and word embedding techniques. The comparative analysis involves the predictive performance of simple RNN, Long Short-Term Memory Network (LSTM) and LSTM with attention. This study also explores the impact of including emoji and punctuation analysis in the data preprocessing process on semantic analysis. The results of the study show that preprocessing emoticons and punctuation improves accuracy, and LSTM with attention shows excellent performance. Notably, the study concludes that LSTM with attention performs well in terms of runtime efficiency, convergence speed, and accuracy compared to other models. The effect of punctuation and emoticons is that it will improve the accuracy. This study helps to improve the quality of the movie by constructing an effective analytical model thus.
General Purpose and Focused Invention, Market Value, and Productivity
Authors: Dindaroğlu Burak
Published: February 2024

We study returns to general purpose and focused invention at the firm level for a panel of manufacturing firms in the U.S. for the period 1976-1995, by studying their relationships with market value and Total Factor Productivity. We construct stocks of patents that lie at the two relevant tails of the distribution of the generality index (Trajtenberg et al., 1997; Henderson et al, 1998) to measure general purpose and focused invention at the firm level. In line with expectations, there is a market value premium to focused invention, and a productivity premium to general purpose invention. Estimates for the value of focus indicate that moving a single patent from the upper tail of the generality distribution to the lower tail would increase market value by .24×q million 1992 dollars on average, where q is Tobin’s q. The firm with the average general patent stock would gain 6.7×q million in market value if all its patents at the highest quartile of the generality distribution were moved to the lowest. In terms of the value of general purposeness, moving all its focused patents to the general category increases Total Factor Productivity by 2.3% to 2.8%, and five-year productivity growth by 3.9% to 5.2%, for the average firm. A potential implication is that corporate basic research is associated with significant long-term benefits in terms of productivity growth.
Grammarly in Teaching Writing to EFL Learners at Low Levels: How Useful Is It?
Authors: Abu Guba Mohammed Nour , Awad Asmaa , Abu Qub’a Abdallah
Published: February 2024

This study aims at identifying the extent to which Grammarly can improve low-level EFL learners’ writing and the types of errors that Grammarly can help learners avoid most. Two groups of low-level English as a foreign language learners (30 female students each) taught by the same teacher participated in this study. Errors made by the two groups in a pretest and a posttest were identified and compared. The results show that the experimental group performed better than the control group in the posttest, which suggests that Grammarly can generally help low-level students improve their writing skills. Findings also show that some errors were more amenable to correction and feedback whereas others, namely grammatical errors related to word forms and word usage, were resistant, and no noticeable improvement was attested.
Risk of Subsequent Fusion After Isolated Decompression of Lumbar Facet Cysts
Authors: Federico Vincent P. , Forlenza Enrico M. , Acuna Alexander J. , Vucicevic Rajko S. , Conaway William K. , Nie James W. , Butler Alexander J. , Gabriel Samy , Lopez Gregory D. , An Howard S. , Colman Matthew W. , Phillips Frank M.
Published: February 2024

Introduction:

Lumbar facet cysts represent a potential source of nerve root compression in elderly patients. Isolated decompression without fusion has proven to be a reasonable treatment option in properly indicated patients. However, the risk of lumbar fusion after isolated decompression and facet cyst excision has yet to be elucidated.

Methods:

The PearlDiver database was reviewed for patients undergoing isolated laminectomy for lumbar facet cyst from January 2015 to December 2018 using Current Procedural Terminology coding. Patients undergoing concomitant fusion or additional decompression, as well as those diagnosed with preexisting spondylolisthesis or without a minimum of 5-year follow-up, were excluded. Rates of subsequent lumbar fusion and potential risk factors for subsequent fusion were identified. Statistical analysis included descriptive statistics, chi square test, and multivariate logistic regression. Results were considered significant at P < 0.05.

Results:

In total, 10,707 patients were ultimately included for analysis. At 5-year follow-up, 727 (6.79%) of patients underwent subsequent lumbar fusion after initial isolated decompression. Of these, 301 (2.81% of total patients, 41.4% of fusion patients) underwent fusion within the first year after decompression. Multivariate analysis identified chronic kidney disease, hypertension, and osteoarthritis as risk factors for requiring subsequent lumbar fusion at 5 years following the index decompression procedure (P < 0.033; all).

Conclusion:

Patients undergoing isolated decompression for lumbar facet cysts undergo subsequent lumbar fusion at a 5-year rate of 6.79%. Risk factors for subsequent decompression include chronic kidney disease, hypertension, and osteoarthritis. This study will assist spine surgeons in appropriately counseling patients on expected postoperative course and potential risks of isolated decompression.
Peran Kepala Sekolah dalam Melaksanankan Supervisi Akademik Sebagai Upaya Peningkatkan Kompetensi Guru
Authors: Saman Asrina M. , Hasanah Enung
Published: February 2024

Tugas dan fungsi kepala sekolah sangat penting untuk menjalankan pencapaian tujuan sekolah. Untuk memenuhi tujuan pendidikan nasional, diperlukan kepalah sekolah dalam pengelolaan sekolah dan mampu menyusun kurikulum pelaksanaan serta menjalankan sekolah dengan manajemen yang kompeten. Idealnya Kepala sekolah adalah pimpinan lembaga sekaligus penanggung jawab pelaksanaan pembelajaran bermutu di lembaga tersebut. Oleh karena itu, kepala sekolah perlu meningkatkan profesionalisme dan ketenagakerjaan guru di lembaga tersebut. Penelitian ini betujuan untuk mendeskripsikan peran kepala sekolah dalam melaksanakan supervisi sebagai upaya peningkatan kompetensi guru di SMP Muhamadiyah 1 Weleri, Kabupaten Kendal. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan maksud untuk menemukan sekaligus mendeskripsikan secara menyeluruh dan utuh. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa kepala sekolah dalam melaksanakan tugas dan tanggungjawabnya sebagai supervisor akademik memberikan dampak positif terhadap peningkatan kompetensi guru. Sebagaimana ditemukan bahwa supervisi akdemik meningkatkan kompetensi guru yang ditunjukan dengan keterampilan dalam pengajaran, pengembagan kurikulum, dapat berkomunikasi dan berkolaborasi, pengelolaan kelas, penggunaan teknologi, dan yang paling penting ialah kemampuan leaderahip. Hal ini tentunya tidak lepas dari tahapan pelaksanaaan supervisi akademik yang dilakukan oleh kepala sekolah, teknik yang digunakan, dan yang paling penting ialah peran kepalah sekolah sebagai partner dalam mendukung kompetensi guru.
Dithiomalondiamides as versatile reagents for the synthesis of heterocycles and coordination compounds
Authors: Dotsenko V. V. , Sinotsko A. E.
Published: February 2024

This review presents the data on the general synthetic methods for dithiomalondiamides with the focus on the chemistry of dithiomalondianilide. This work is based on a conference paper “Active methylene thioamides and selenoamides as versatile building blocks in heterocyclic chemistry” presented at «New Emerging Trends in Chemistry» Conference (NewTrendsChem- 2023) (September 24-28, 2023, Yerevan, Armenia).
В обзоре представлены данные об общих методах синтеза дитиомалондиамидов с акцентом на химию дитиомалондианилида. Данная работа основана на докладе конференции «Активные метилентиоамиды и селеноамиды как универсальные строительные блоки в гетероциклической химии», представленном на конференции «Новые тенденции в химии» (NewTrendsChem-2023) (24-28 сентя- бря 2023 г., Ереван, Армения).
Ակնարկային հոդվածում ներկայացված են ընդհանուր դրույթներ դիթիոմալոնդիամիդների ստացման վերաբերյալ, մասնավորապես` դիթիոմալոնդիանիլիդների քիմիայի մասին: Սույն աշխատանքը հիմնված է «Ակտիվ մեթիլենթիոամիդները և սելենոամիդները որպես ունիվերսալ շինանյութեր հետերոցիկլիկ քիմիայում» զեկույցի վրա, որը ներկայացված է եղել Երևանում «NewTrendsChem-2023» միջազգային գիտաժողովին 2023 թ. սեպտեմբերի 24-ից 28-ը։
At the frontier of the metaverse: NFTs, artistic expression, and digital immersions
Authors: Numa Numa , Godoy Gustavo , Teixeira João
Published: February 2024

This paper explores the multifaceted landscape of Non-Fungible Tokens beyond their role in digitizing artworks. It delves into the intersection of art, utility, and cultural preservation within the NFT realm. The discussion revolves around the duality of “art for art’s sake” and functional utility, sparking ongoing debates about the essence of art in both the analog and digital realms. The convergence of contemporary aesthetics with practical token utility challenges conventional definitions, offering an alternative to narrative retrieval and contributing to cultural preservation in the virtual sphere. As one enters the NFT ecosystem, a utopian quest for autonomy in healthy production becomes evident, albeit not without formidable obstacles. The paper examines the promise of NFTs to liberate creators from intermediary control and the entwined complexities accompanying their evolution. It sheds light on the cautious and ethical approach required for the mass adoption of these technologies, contrasting this with the current global context characterized by rampant consumerism, individualism, and the relentless pursuit of easy financial gains.
PENGARUH BAURAN PEMASARAN TERHADAP PENINGKATAN VOLUME PENJUALAN PULPY ORANGE DI CV SIMPANG UTAMA
Authors: Febry Rosady
Published: February 2024

The purpose of the research conducted was to determine and analyze the increase in sales volume of orange pulpy at CV Simpang Utama. The study was conducted on 43 active outlets as respondents. The analytical tools used are: validity test, reliability test, multiple linear regression, correlation coefficient, coefficient of determination, t test, F test.

Based on the results of the study, it can be seen that the results of the T Test show that all variables, namely Product (X1), price (X2), Promotion (X3), Distribution (X4) have a partial and significant effect on increasing the sales volume of orange pulpy at CV Simpang Utama, and it is also known based on the results of the F test that all independent variables have a simultaneous effect on increasing the sales volume of orange pulpy with a calculated value of > Ftabel or 149.338 > 2.62
PENGARUH UKURAN PERUSAHAAN, PROFITABILITAS, STRUKTUR KEPEMILIKAN KELUARGA TERHADAP TRANSFER PRICING PADA PERUSAHAAN PERTAMBANGAN YANG TERDAFTAR DI BURSA EFEK INDONESIA TAHUN 2018-2020
Authors: Zulkarnaen Fatoni , Sutriyono Agus Eko , Nurina Lia
Published: February 2024

This research aims to find out how influential the variables of company size, profitability, family ownership structure are on transfer pricing.  This research using quantitative research is a study that emphasizes more on the aspect of objective measurement of transfer pricing. The sampling method used is nonprobability sampling, the overall sample used in this study is 75 annual financial report data from 25 companies. The analysis method used uses analsition regression of the research data.  The results of this study show that company size, profitability, family ownership structure have a significant positive effect on transfer pricing.

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Keywords: Company size, Profitability, Family Ownership Structure Towards Transfer Pricing.
PENGARUH MOTIVASI KERJA TERHADAP KINERJA PERANGKAT DESA DI KECAMATAN SUNGAI AMBAWANG
Authors: Neni Magdalena , Febrianti Sukma , Ishak Ishak
Published: February 2024

The government is an organization that has the authority to regulate its territory by mobilizing human resources effectively and efficiently to serve the community. The fifteen villages in Sungai Ambawang Sub-district must have village officials who can work according to the demands of the job and must complete each worker on time with perfectly completion of work. This study aimed to determine and analyze the effect of work motivation on the performance of village officials in the Sungai Ambawang District. The population in this study was village apparatus, amounting to 75 people. In taking the sample, the researcher used a purposive sampling technique, where the sampling technique was determined by determining certain criteria. So the respondents who meet the criteria and can be used as samples amounted to 33 people. Data analysis using SPSS version 26 software, validity test, and reliability test. Then the conclusion is drawn using a simple linear regression statistical test and partially analyze the effect t-testt). Based on the results of the partial regression, statistically tcount 0.741 < from ttable 1.69552 and sig. 0.464 < from 0,05. This means that the work motivation variable has no significant effect on the performance of village officials. The value of R Square is 0.017. This means that the influence of the work motivation of village officials in Sungai Ambawang District on performance is 1.7% and the remaining 98.3% is influenced by other factors not observed in this study.
KONTRIBUSI DAN PELUANG FINTECH LENDING SYARIAH DI INDONESIA
Authors: Sunaryono Sunaryono
Published: February 2024

Current technological developments have changed consumer behavior in transactions. In addition, it changed the development of several business sectors in the economic sector. One of these businesses is fintech. Fintech in Indonesia has increased since the start of the Covid-19 pandemic. Based on data from the Central Bureau of Statistics, the contribution of the financial services sector from 2019 to 2022 has increased. In 2019 financial services contributed 2.56% of the total gross domestic product (GDP). In 2022, the third quarter, the financial service rose to 2.68% with a total value of 82.19 billion of the total GDP.  The GDP amounted in 2022 is 14.525 trillion. Financial Technology is one of the business fields that has played a role in increasing this number and from several fintech categories, researchers are trying to analyze the fintech lending category. These are the following data on the development of fintech lending issued by OJK. In 2019 there were 88 fintech lending that already had permits to operate. These fintech lending consisted of 86 conventional fintech lending and 2 sharia fintech lending. In 2022, this number increased to 95 conventional fintech lending and 7 sharia fintech lending. in 2022, the value of total assets from conventional fintech is 4.99 trillion, in otwise, the value of assets of sharia fintech lending is 120 billion. This study attempts to analyze the contribution of sharia fintech lending and its opportunities in the future. This research method used is a quantitative method using secondary data from OJK and BPS from 2019 to the third quarter of 2022. The results of this study show the percentage of assets from sharia fintech lending businesses increased by more than 300% in 2022 compared to the total assets in 2019. Conclution,  The sharia fintech lending sector is still a promising business field for investors and entrepreneurs.
KEPATUHAN WAJIB PAJAK: PENGARUH TAX KNOWLEDGE DAN MEDIASI PERSEPSI KEADILAN PAJAK
Authors: Priyastiwi Priyastiwi , Dewi Mia Candra , Sutriyono Agus Eko
Published: February 2024

This study empirically examines the effect of tax knowledge and perceptions of tax justice on taxpayer compliance. The type of research used in this study is quantitative with data collection techniques using a questionnaire. The sample in this study were individual taxpayers registered at KPP Pratama Bantul. The number of samples used was 100 respondents with a convenience sampling technique. Data analysis techniques using multiple linear regression analysis and path analysis. The results showed that tax knowledge and perceptions of tax justice had an effect on taxpayer compliance. In addition, it was found that  tax knowledge through perceptions of tax justice has a significant effect on taxpayer compliance.
KONTRIBUSI QANUN LKS TERHADAP UMKM SEBAGAI UPAYA MENINGKATKAN KESEJAHTERAAN EKONOMI MASYARAKAT KOTA
Authors: Yusmalinda Yusmalinda
Published: February 2024

This study aims to analyze the existence or role of the qanun of Islamic financial institutions (LKS) in increasing the economic level of the people of Langsa City. The economic Sharia policy certainly has an impact on financial management and management, which in turn has an effect on the people's economy. This research is a type of explanatory descriptive research that is looking at the causal relationship that occurs between one factor and another by using qualitative data. Sources of data were obtained from secondary data in the form of journals and official websites of the Aceh government, to enrich the data this paper also uses the results of empirical research by researchers who focus on studying the Islamic economy in Aceh. The study results show that after the implementation of Islamic Financial Institutions in Aceh, all conventional banks do not operate in Aceh. The implementation of the LKS Qanun in Aceh has had an influence on the number of funds channeled to MSMEs. However, it has not been able to improve the welfare of the people of Aceh.
PENGARUH RETURN ON ASSET (ROA), RETURN 0N EQUITY (ROE), DAN EARNING PER SHARE (EPS) TERHADAP HARGA SAHAM PADA PT BANK NEGARA INDONESIA (PERSERO) Tbk PERIODE 2012-2021
Authors: Seri Wahyuni Eka , Febrianti Sukma
Published: February 2024

This study aims to determine the effect of Return On Asset (ROA), Return On Equity (ROE), and earnings per Share (EPS) on Stock Price. The data used in this study are associative Quantitative data. The type of data used in this study is secondary data obtained from financial statements published in the financial statements and annual reports of banking companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange through the official website of PT Bank Negara Indonesia Persero Tbk for the 2012-2021 period, and www.idx.co.id, www.idn.financial.com. Data collection techniques in this study used documentation techniques. Data analysis techniques use descriptive statistical tests, classical assumption tests, multiple linear regression and hypothesis tests, namely f test, t test and coefficient of determination test (R2) with Eviews 10 tools. The results showed that simultaneously (F test) all variables ROA, ROE and EPS had a significant effect on stock prices as evidenced by the prob (F-statistical) value of 0.000031 < 0.05. And the partial sacra (t test) of the ROA variable has a significant effect on the stock price as evidenced by a significance value smaller than 0.05, namely 0.0004 < 0.05 and the ROE variable has a significant effect on the stock price with a significance value of 0.0002 < 0.05 as well as the EPS variable showing a significant effect on the stock price with a significance result of 0.0189 < 0.05.
The Difficulties of EFL Students in Speaking English at Sar-e-Pul Higher Education Institute
Authors: Muradi Ainuddin , Amarkhil Abdul Malik
Published: February 2024

Today, many students face with the English speaking difficulties during conversations, because of these problems most of EFL (English as Foreign Language) students deny to speak in English and have a preference to use their mother language. So, the research tried to do a study based on the “The difficulties of EFL students in speaking English at Sar-e-Pul Higher Education Institute.” This research aims to find out the difficulties, and factors caused problems while students speaking English. This research was conducted at Sar-e-Pul Higher Education Institute. It helps the students to know the factors which caused problems in speaking. The participants were 20 male students from third class of English language and literature department of Sar-e-Higher Education Institute. The data was collected through a questionnaire that is consisted of 12 questions. An instrument consisting of twelve questions was used to gather the data. The SPSS application was used to examine the gathered data. The majority of pupils, the study discovered, struggle with a variety of aspects of speaking English, including vocabulary, pronunciation, grammar, and confidence issues.
Awareness of medical students about the role of artificial intelligence in health care: A survey-based cross-sectional study
Authors: R Srvani , S Bharat , Avula Naveen , J Naresh
Published: February 2024

Background: Artificial intelligence (AI) refers to the simulation of human intelligence processes by machines, especially by computers. In the recent past, the utility of AI has been tested and proven in many fields like health care, education, finance, defense, etc. AI has received so much attention these days and is described as the new electricity and the fourth industrial revolution. It is anticipated that AI’s role will be crucial and imminent soon in different fields, including the health sector. The medical graduates need to update their knowledge and keep pace with the new developments in technology. Given this, our study was designed to evaluate the awareness and perception of medical students regarding the basic concepts of AI and its implications in health care.

Aim and Objective: The aim and objective of the study are to assess the knowledge and perceptions of medical students about AI at a tertiary care teaching hospital.

Materials and Methods: The study was a questionnaire-based, cross-sectional study. A prevalidated, self-made questionnaire was distributed to 264 medical students of all professional years through Google Forms. The student’s knowledge, opinions, and perceptions of AI were evaluated. The analysis of the collected data was done with an Excel sheet and using descriptive statistical measures such as mean and percentages.

Results: Our study revealed that the majority of the students (79.16%) were under the impression that AI decreases errors in clinical practice. 86% of participants agreed that AI aids doctors in making accurate decisions in the diagnosis and treatment of different conditions. Around 72% of the students said that AI guides the patient to choose the right medical care. Onethird of the participants thought that AI hampers the relationship between patient and doctor by breaking trust between them. A few subsets of participants expressed concerns over ethical issues, confidentiality, empathy, and sympathy, which are considered to be the pillars of medical practice.

Conclusions: Our study concluded that medical students at Mamatha Academy of Medical Sciences, Hyderabad, have positive perceptions and good awareness about AI and its use in health-care practice, but they still need a better understanding of AI.
Ameliorative effect of BIO-MOS® as a dietary supplementation on growth performance, physiological response, oxidative status, and immunity linked gene expression in Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) fingerlings challenged with Aeromonas hydrophila
Authors: Moustafa Eman , Farrag Foad , Shukry Mostafa , Din Haguer , Omar Amira
Published: February 2024

Background:
Mannanoligosaccharides (MOS) usage in fish production has drawn more attention because of its positive benefits on disease resistance and fish performance.
Aim:
The ongoing research was executed to assess the potential advantages of Bio-Mos® dietary supplementation regarding the growth outcomes, physiological response, oxidative biomarkers and immunity linked gene expression in Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) fingerlings exposed to bacterial infection with Aeromonas hydrophila.
Methods:
Four experimental diets were developed using 30% protein baseline diet, with Bio-Mos® added at variable levels; 0.0, 0.5, 1 and 2 g/kg, respectively. 240 healthy Nile tilapia fingerlings were split into four groups at random and assigned into 12 glass aquarium (three replicates of 20 fish/ treatment). Diets were admitted at 3% rate of fish biomass/aquarium for 8 weeks. Following the feeding trial, fish from every treatment were intraperitoneally injected with pathogenic Aeromonas hydrophila, and then observed for 15 days to record the survival rate post challenge.
Results:
Results revealed significant improvement in growth performance, physiological response, immunological parameters (Phagocytic index, Phagocytic activity, lysozyme) and antioxidant parameters (catalase, malondialdehyde, glutathione peroxidase and superoxide dismutase) among Bio-Mos® treated groups. Moreover, Bio-Mos® increased the expression of TNF-α and IL-1β, genes linked to the liver immune system. growth related genes (GHr), antioxidant related genes (SOD and GSH-Px). In fish subjected to pathogens, dietary MOS supplementation could significantly lower oxidative stress, showing promise as a preventative supplement for Nile tilapia in place of antibiotics. On the other hand, Bio-Mos®considerably improved each of the three intestinal morphological measures (villus width, villus length and crypt depth), showing the best overall intestinal structure-improving impact. The challenge with A. hydrophila caused marked degenerative alterations in the intestine, hepatopancreas, spleen and posterior kidney of Nile tilapia, in the control group. However, lesion severity was greatly decreased and showed marked amelioration with increased concentration of Bio-Mos®. The A. hydrophila challenged groups revealed 100% survival rate mainly among the Bio-Mos®supplemented groups.
Conclusion:
It is recommended to enrich the Nile tilapia fingerlings diets with 2 g.kg−1 of MOS for better results on growth rate, physiological response, immunological response and intestinal absorptive capacity.
O ALIENISTA, FROM MACHADO DE ASSIS: FROM TALE TO COMIC BOOK IN THE FORMATION OF YOUNGER READERS
Authors: Metzdorf Carlos Sander , Aquino Ivânia Campigotto
Published: February 2024

Comic books were, for a long time, marginalized and framed as an empty, contentless form of entertainment. However, they are currently read by people of all ages and all over the world. As a consequence of this, comics began to gain prominence, marking their presence in schools and being used to encourage the practice and taste for reading on the part of children and adolescents, showing themselves not only in works originally created in this format, but also in adaptations of literary classics, such as The Alienist, by Machado de Assis. The research, therefore, aims to address adaptations of classic titles, with the aim of showing how they, when used together with the original works, can instigate and encourage reading, with comparative elements as the analysis composition. At the end of the research, the main result of the investigation will consist of demonstrating the use of these texts to encourage literary reading, making use of previous strategies, involving pre-reading, reading and post-reading.
Peran Manajer Dalam Meningkatkan Kinerja Keuangan Bank OCBC Tbk
Authors: Yulfiswandi  , Candy  , Alzi  , Miftachul Choiri  , Brahmantya Chriswardhana  , Jimmy Tjong
Published: February 2024

Tujuan utama dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menginvestigasi serta menganalisis peran yang dimainkan oleh manajer dalam pengelolaan laporan keuangan di sektor perbankan. Pendekatan penelitian yang digunakan adalah penelitian deskriptif kuantitatif, dan objek penelitiannya adalah PT. Bank Oversea-Chinese Banking Corporation NISP atau PT. Bank OCBC NISP Tbk. Laporan keuangan dari tahun 2018 hingga 2022 digunakan sebagai sampel dalam penelitian ini. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa PT. Bank OCBC NISP Tbk. termasuk dalam kategori perusahaan perbankan yang dianggap "sehat" berdasarkan ROA, ROE, dan NIM, tetapi memiliki peringkat "tidak sehat" dalam hal BOPO. Rekomendasi yang dihasilkan dari penelitian ini adalah perlunya peningkatan pengawasan operasional dan pengurangan beban operasional yang dikeluarkan oleh direksi dan manajemen untuk menjaga agar rasio BOPO sesuai dengan standar "sehat" yang ditetapkan oleh Badan Statistik Perbankan Indonesia.
UPAYA MENINGKATKAN BRAND AWARENESS PRODUK SARIAYU MELALUI MACS STRATEGIC
Authors: Yuli Setiawan
Published: February 2024

Industri kosmetik di Indonesia mengalami pertumbuhan hingga 20,6%. Pada Juli 2022, industri kosmetik meningkat dari 819 menjadi 913; UKM mendominasi peningkatan ini sebesar 83%. Potensi pasar produk perawatan tubuh (skincare) di Indonesia salah satunya disebabkan oleh semakin banyaknya generasi muda atau generasi milenial. Total pasar di Indonesia mencapai 267 juta orang, dengan populasi demografi perempuan mencapai 130 juta orang, dan sekitar 68% diantaranya adalah perempuan usia produktif. Karena besarnya potensi produk perawatan kulit di pasar Indonesia, bermunculanlah para pengusaha kosmetik dengan menghadirkan merek-merek baru dan menawarkan berbagai keunggulan serta strategi pemasaran yang modern. Kondisi ini menjadi tantangan besar, khususnya bagi para pengusaha skincare lama yang mereknya sudah lama dikenal masyarakat Indonesia, salah satunya Sariayu dari Martha Tilaar. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif yang mengacu pada pengumpulan data jurnal, pendapat ahli dan wawancara untuk memperoleh rumusan strategi pengembangan bisnis Sariayu. Strategi MACS dapat menjadi rekomendasi solusi untuk meningkatkan branding produk Sariayu.
Cognitive dissonance and mindset perturbations during crisis: “eco-socio-psycho-somatic” perspectives
Authors: Tretter Felix , Löffler-Stastka Henriette
Published: February 2024

Mandatory and restrictive health regulations during the corona pandemic caused psychic disorders in many people, which even led to clinically relevant mental disorders. At the same time, there was gradually a polarization of opinions among the population. In order to improve future pandemic management, an integrative understanding of these psychosocial processes therefore seems useful. Here we start theoretically with the mental effects of inconsistencies of the information environment by referring to concepts such as the theory of cognitive dissonance. In a next step, we use the psychodynamic theory to understand the affective-motivational defense mechanisms underlying these cognitive states and processes. However, a broader theoretical framework of psychoanalysis seems to make sense, because self-referential processing also influences the style of thinking. For this reason, we use a more comprehensive psychological systems theoretical framework model to integrate these different perspectives. This integrative view refers in part to basic knowledge of health psychology regarding the resistance of unhealthy ways of thinking and behaviors and the possibilities for interventions for change. We then extend this model to a broader picture that also covers the relationship between men and their environment. This results in the perspective of a multidimensional socioecological theoretical framework, which as a heuristic reference model and related to other ecological approaches could also be helpful for various theoretical questions for public health, and could provide a better public understanding of health issues. In line with this perspective, we hypothesize that with regard to the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic, the acceptance of public health narratives could be increased if a more consistent picture of the scientific descriptions and explanations of the pandemic - similar to the model proposed - could be provided, which would enable the understanding of the origin, course and countermeasures, and thus could have positive collective psycho-hygienic effects.
Automatic recognition of depression based on audio and video: A review
Authors: Han Meng-Meng , Li Xing-Yun , Yi Xin-Yu , Zheng Yun-Shao , Xia Wei-Li , Liu Ya-Fei , Wang Qing-Xiang
Published: February 2024

Depression is a common mental health disorder. With current depression detection methods, specialized physicians often engage in conversations and physiological examinations based on standardized scales as auxiliary measures for depression assessment. Non-biological markers-typically classified as verbal or non-verbal and deemed crucial evaluation criteria for depression-have not been effectively utilized. Specialized physicians usually require extensive training and experience to capture changes in these features. Advancements in deep learning technology have provided technical support for capturing non-biological markers. Several researchers have proposed automatic depression estimation (ADE) systems based on sounds and videos to assist physicians in capturing these features and conducting depression screening. This article summarizes commonly used public datasets and recent research on audio- and video-based ADE based on three perspectives: Datasets, deficiencies in existing research, and future development directions.
Analysis of risk factors leading to anxiety and depression in patients with prostate cancer after castration and the construction of a risk prediction model
Authors: Li Rui-Xiao , Li Xue-Lian , Wu Guo-Jun , Lei Yong-Hua , Li Xiao-Shun , Li Bo , Ni Jian-Xin
Published: February 2024

BACKGROUND

Cancer patients often suffer from severe stress reactions psychologically, such as anxiety and depression. Prostate cancer (PC) is one of the common cancer types, with most patients diagnosed at advanced stages that cannot be treated by radical surgery and which are accompanied by complications such as bodily pain and bone metastasis. Therefore, attention should be given to the mental health status of PC patients as well as physical adverse events in the course of clinical treatment.

AIM

To analyze the risk factors leading to anxiety and depression in PC patients after castration and build a risk prediction model.

METHODS

A retrospective analysis was performed on the data of 120 PC cases treated in Xi'an People's Hospital between January 2019 and January 2022. The patient cohort was divided into a training group (n = 84) and a validation group (n = 36) at a ratio of 7:3. The patients’ anxiety symptoms and depression levels were assessed 2 wk after surgery with the Self-Rating Anxiety Scale (SAS) and the Self-rating Depression Scale (SDS), respectively. Logistic regression was used to analyze the risk factors affecting negative mood, and a risk prediction model was constructed.

RESULTS

In the training group, 35 patients and 37 patients had an SAS score and an SDS score greater than or equal to 50, respectively. Based on the scores, we further subclassified patients into two groups: a bad mood group (n = 35) and an emotional stability group (n = 49). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that marital status, castration scheme, and postoperative Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) score were independent risk factors affecting a patient's bad mood (P < 0.05). In the training and validation groups, patients with adverse emotions exhibited significantly higher risk scores than emotionally stable patients (P < 0.0001). The area under the curve (AUC) of the risk prediction model for predicting bad mood in the training group was 0.743, the specificity was 70.96%, and the sensitivity was 66.03%, while in the validation group, the AUC, specificity, and sensitivity were 0.755, 66.67%, and 76.19%, respectively. The Hosmer-Lemeshow test showed a χ 2 of 4.2856, a P value of 0.830, and a C-index of 0.773 (0.692-0.854). The calibration curve revealed that the predicted curve was basically consistent with the actual curve, and the calibration curve showed that the prediction model had good discrimination and accuracy. Decision curve analysis showed that the model had a high net profit.

CONCLUSION

In PC patients, marital status, castration scheme, and postoperative pain (VAS) score are important factors affecting postoperative anxiety and depression. The logistic regression model can be used to successfully predict the risk of adverse psychological emotions.