bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Do your eye movements reveal your performance on an IQ test? A study linking eye movements and socio-demographic information to fluid intelligence
Authors: Kasneci Enkelejda , Kasneci Gjergji , Trautwein Ulrich , Appel Tobias , Tibus Maike , Jaeggi Susanne M. , Gerjets Peter
Published: March 2022

Understanding the main factors contributing to individual differences in fluid intelligence is one of the main challenges of psychology. A vast body of research has evolved from the theoretical framework put forward by Cattell, who developed the Culture-Fair IQ Test (CFT 20-R) to assess fluid intelligence. In this work, we extend and complement the current state of research by analysing the differential and combined relationship between eye-movement patterns and socio-demographic information and the ability of a participant to correctly solve a CFT item. Our work shows that a participant’s eye movements while solving a CFT item contain discriminative information and can be used to predict whether the participant will succeed in solving the test item. Moreover, the information related to eye movements complements the information provided by socio-demographic data when it comes to success prediction. In combination, both types of information yield a significantly higher predictive performance than each information type individually. To better understand the contributions of features related to eye movements and socio-demographic information to predict a participant’s success in solving a CFT item, we employ state-of-the-art explainability techniques and show that, along with socio-demographic variables, eye-movement data. Especially the number of saccades and the mean pupil diameter, significantly increase the discriminating power. The eye-movement features are likely indicative of processing efficiency and invested mental effort. Beyond the specific contribution to research on how eye movements can serve as a means to uncover mechanisms underlying cognitive processes, the findings presented in this work pave the way for further in-depth investigations of factors predicting individual differences in fluid intelligence.
A community pharmacist-led smoking cessation intervention using a smartphone app (PharmQuit): A randomized controlled trial
Authors: Asayut Narong , Olson Phayom Sookaneknun , Kanjanasilp Juntip , Thanarat Preut , Senkraigul Bhattaraporn , Sittisarn Chuthathip , Suksawat Suratsawatee
Published: March 2022

WHO supports the harnessing of mobile technologies to improve access to smoking cessation services. As such, this study evaluated the effectiveness of smoking cessation services provided by community pharmacists using PharmQuit compared with standard care. The study was a prospective, multicenter, randomized controlled trial that included 156 participants who were 18 years or older and smoked at least one cigarette daily for a month, were ready to quit, willing to participate, and had a smartphone. The study was performed at seven community pharmacies in three provinces in Thailand. Participants were allocated to the intervention (n = 78) and control groups (n = 78). Both groups received the usual smoking cessation services with pharmacotherapy and counseling from community pharmacists for 6 months. The intervention group received PharmQuit as an additional service. Both groups were scheduled for follow-up visits on days 7, 14, 30, 60, 120, and 180. The primary outcome was continuous abstinence rate on day 180. The secondary outcomes included 7-day point abstinence rate, number of cigarettes smoked per day, exhaled carbon monoxide levels, adherence rate to the program, and satisfaction with PharmQuit. An analysis using the intent-to-treat principle was performed. Smoking cessation rates and the number of cigarettes smoked per day were significantly higher during the follow-up visits in both groups (p < 0.05). However, there were no statistically significant differences between the two groups. The adherence rate to the smoking cessation program was higher in the intervention group than in the control group (74 days vs. 60 days, p > 0.05). The results showed the benefits of the contribution of community pharmacists. Although the inclusion of PharmQuit did not yield better results than pharmacists’ counselling alone, it may help obtain better adherence to smoking cessation programs.

Trial registration: Thai Clinical Trials Registry: TCTR20200925004 on September 25, 2020 –retrospectively registered, http://www.clinicaltrials.in.th/index.php?tp=regtrials&menu=trialsearch&smenu=fulltext&task=search&task2=view1&id=6841.
Lessons learned about willingness to adopt various protective measures during the early COVID-19 pandemic in three countries
Authors: Santana Ana Paula , Korn Lars , Betsch Cornelia , Böhm Robert
Published: March 2022

Background

Regarding the COVID-19 pandemic, concerted efforts have been invested in research to investigate and communicate the importance of complying with protective behaviors, such as handwashing and mask wearing. Protective measures vary in how effective they are in protecting the individual against infection, how much experience people have with them, whether they provide individual or societal protection, and how they are perceived on these dimensions.

Methods

This study assessed the willingness to follow recommended measures, depending on these features, among participants from Germany (n= 333), Hong Kong (n= 367), and the U.S. (n= 495). From April 24thto May 1st, 2020, individuals completed an online survey that assessed the antecedents of interest.

Results

It was shown that assumed effectiveness, previous experience, and intended self- and other-protection positively predicted willingness to comply across countries. When measures were mainly perceived as protecting others (vs. the self), individuals were less prone to adopt them. When a measure’s effectiveness to protect the individual was perceived as lower, willingness to adopt the measure increased with higher levels of prior experience and collectivism. Moreover, protecting others was more strongly related to adoption when individuals had higher levels of collectivism and lower levels of individualism.

Conclusions

Emphasizing the benefit for others could be a means to lower the potential detrimental effects of low assumed effectiveness for individual protection.
Deletion of the scavenger receptor Scarb1 in osteoblast progenitors does not affect bone mass
Authors: Palmieri Michela , Joseph Teenamol E. , O’Brien Charles A. , Gomez-Acevedo Horacio , Manolagas Stavros C. , Ambrogini Elena
Published: March 2022

The scavenger receptor class B member 1 (SR-B1 or Scarb1) is a cell surface receptor for high density lipoproteins. It also binds oxidized low density lipoproteins and phosphocholine-containing oxidized phospholipids (PC-OxPL), which adversely affect bone homeostasis. Overexpression of a single chain form of the antigen-binding domain of E06 IgM–a natural antibody that recognizes PC-OxPL–increases trabecular and cortical bone mass in female and male mice by stimulating bone formation. We have previously reported that Scarb1 is the most abundant scavenger receptor for PC-OxPL in calvaria-derived osteoblastic cells. Additionally, bone marrow- and calvaria-derived osteoblasts from Scarb1 knockout mice (Scarb1 KO) are protected from the pro-apoptotic and anti-differentiating effects of OxPL. Previous skeletal analysis of Scarb1 KO mice has produced contradictory results, with some studies reporting elevated bone mass but another study reporting low bone mass. To clarify the role of Scarb1 in osteoblasts, we deleted Scarb1 specifically in cells of the osteoblast lineage using Osx1-Cre transgenic mice. We observed no difference in bone mineral density measured by DXA in either female or male Osx1-Cre;Scarb1fl/flmice compared to wild type (WT), Osx1-Cre, or Scarb1fl/fllittermate controls. Additionally, microCT analysis of 6-month-old females and 7-month-old males did not detect any difference in trabecular or cortical bone mass between genotypes. These results indicate that expression of Scarb1 in cells of the osteoblast lineage does not play an important role in bone homeostasis and, therefore, it is not essential for the effects of PC-OxPL on these cells.
Effect of differences in light source environment on transcriptome of leaf lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.) to optimize cultivation conditions
Authors: Nagano Soichiro , Mori Naoya , Tomari Yukiko , Mitsugi Noriko , Deguchi Ayumi , Kashima Makoto , Tezuka Ayumi , Nagano Atsushi J. , Usami Hitohide , Tanabata Takanari , Watanabe Hiroyuki
Published: March 2022

When used in closed-type plant factories, light-emitting diode (LED) illumination systems have the particular advantages of low heat emission and high luminous efficiency. The effects of illumination quality and intensity on the growth and morphogenesis of many plant species have been examined, but improvements are needed to optimize the illumination systems for better plant products with lower resource investments. In particular, new strategies are needed to reduce the wastage of plant products related to leaf senescence, and to better control the ingredients and appearance of leafy vegetables. Although the quality of light is often altered to change the characteristics of plant products, the transcriptional status underlying the physiological responses of plants to light has not been established. Herein, we performed a comprehensive gene expression analysis using RNA-sequencing to determine how red, blue, and red/blue LEDs and fluorescent light sources affect transcriptome involved in the leaf aging of leaf lettuce. The RNA-sequencing profiling revealed clear differences in the transcriptome between young and old leaves. Red LED light caused large variation between the two age classes, while a pure or mixed blue LED light spectrum induced fewer transcriptome differences between young and old leaves. Collectively, the expression levels of genes that showed homology with those of other model organisms provide a detailed physiological overview, incorporating such characteristics as the senescence, nutrient deficiency, and anthocyanin synthesis of the leaf lettuce plants. Our findings suggest that transcriptome profiles of leaf lettuce grown under different light sources provide helpful information to achieve better growth conditions for marketable and efficient green-vegetable production, with improved wastage control and efficient nutrient inputs.
A dual-process approach to prosocial behavior under COVID-19 uncertainty
Authors: Costa Daniela , Fernandes Nuno , Arantes Joana , Keating José
Published: March 2022

Uncertainty has been shown to reduce the willingness to cooperate in various social dilemmas and negatively affect prosocial behavior. However, some studies showed that uncertainty does not always decrease prosocial behavior, depending on the type of uncertainty. More specifically, recent research has shown that prosocial behavior tends to increase under impact uncertainty—uncertainty about the consequences for others if they become infected. In addition, researchers have argued that intuition favors prosocial behavior while deliberation leads to selfish behavior. Our study explored how intuitive (time pressure) or deliberate mental processing, under outcome, or impact uncertainty affect prosocial behavior in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic. Our sample consists of 496 participants, and we used a 4 (COVID-19 scenario: Control vs. Impact Uncertainty vs. Worst-Case vs. Indirect Transmission) by 2 (decision time: time delay vs. time pressure) between-subjects design. Results suggest that participants are more inclined to stay at home (prosocial intention) when forced to make their decisions intuitively rather than deliberately. Additionally, we found that uncertainty does not always decrease prosocial behavior. It seems that uncertainty does not affect the prosocial intention in a scenario with a real infectious disease. These findings suggest that the distinction between outcome and impact uncertainty may be due to the realism of experimental stimuli interventions.
Disparities in COVID-19 fatalities among working Californians
Authors: Cummings Kristin J. , Beckman John , Frederick Matthew , Harrison Robert , Nguyen Alyssa , Snyder Robert , Chan Elena , Gibb Kathryn , Rodriguez Andrea , Wong Jessie , Murray Erin L. , Jain Seema , Vergara Ximena
Published: March 2022

Background

Information on U.S. COVID-19 mortality rates by occupation is limited. We aimed to characterize 2020 COVID-19 fatalities among working Californians to inform preventive strategies.

Methods

We identified laboratory-confirmed COVID-19 fatalities with dates of death in 2020 by matching death certificates to the state’s COVID-19 case registry. Working status for decedents aged 18–64 years was determined from state employment records, death certificates, and case registry data and classified as “confirmed working,” “likely working,” or “not working.” We calculated age-adjusted overall and occupation-specific COVID-19 mortality rates using 2019 American Community Survey denominators.

Results

COVID-19 accounted for 8,050 (9.9%) of 81,468 fatalities among Californians 18–64 years old. Of these decedents, 2,486 (30.9%) were matched to state employment records and classified as “confirmed working.” The remainder were classified as “likely working” (n = 4,121 [51.2%]) or “not working” (n = 1,443 [17.9%]) using death certificate and case registry data. Confirmed and likely working COVID-19 decedents were predominantly male (76.3%), Latino (68.7%), and foreign-born (59.6%), with high school or less education (67.9%); 7.8% were Black. The overall age-adjusted COVID-19 mortality rate was 30.0 per 100,000 workers (95% confidence interval [CI], 29.3–30.8). Workers in nine occupational groups had age-adjusted mortality rates higher than this overall rate, including those in farming (78.0; 95% CI, 68.7–88.2); material moving (77.8; 95% CI, 70.2–85.9); construction (62.4; 95% CI, 57.7–67.4); production (60.2; 95% CI, 55.7–65.0); and transportation (57.2; 95% CI, 52.2–62.5) occupations. While occupational differences in mortality were evident across demographic groups, mortality rates were three-fold higher for male compared with female workers and three- to seven-fold higher for Latino and Black workers compared with Asian and White workers.

Conclusion

Californians in manual labor and in-person service occupations experienced disproportionate COVID-19 mortality, with the highest rates observed among male, Latino, and Black workers; these occupational group should be prioritized for prevention.
Residue analysis evidence for wine enriched with vanilla consumed in Jerusalem on the eve of the Babylonian destruction in 586 BCE
Authors: Amir Ayala , Finkelstein Israel , Shalev Yiftah , Uziel Joe , Chalaf Ortal , Freud Liora , Neumann Ronny , Gadot Yuval
Published: March 2022

The article presents results of residue analysis, based on Gas Chromatograph Mass Spectrometer (GC-MS) measurements, conducted on 13 ceramic storage jars unearthed in the Babylonian destruction layer (586 BCE) in Jerusalem. Five of the jars bear rosette stamp impressions on their handles, indicating that their content was related to the kingdom of Judah’s royal economy. The identification of the original contents remains is significant for the understanding of many aspects related to the nutrition, economy and international trade in the ancient Levant. The study shed light on the contents of the jars and the destruction process of the buildings in which they were found. The jars were used alternatively for storing wine and olive oil. The wine was flavored with vanilla. These results attest to the wine consumption habits of the Judahite elite and echo Jerusalem’s involvement in the trans-regional South Arabian trade of spices and other lucrative commodities on the eve of its destruction by Nebuchadnezzar.
Confirmative biophilic framework for heritage management
Authors: Tu Hung-Ming
Published: March 2022

Heritage managers often reuse heritage sites to attract tourists and conserve the sites. Not all adaptive heritage reuses achieve sustainable development. Biophilia is an innate, biological tendency to be close to natural and cultural elements, which may be a critical motivation for achieving sustainable heritage management. Past studies used qualitative and quantitative methods to extract participants’ pull and push motivations toward heritage tourism and captured the six motivations of the biophilia framework that should be confirmed: heritage architecture; art activity; wide nature; regional attraction; recreational benefits; and long-term values. The purpose of this study was to conduct a confirmatory factor analysis to test the biophilia framework for understanding biophilic heritage tourism. A questionnaire with 18 items of heritage tourism motivation was used to explore the purpose of this study. A total of 193 valid questionnaires were obtained. Confirmatory factor analysis was used to examine the six motivations of the biophilia framework. The results indicated that heritage tourism motivation consisted of a second-order six-factor structure with high validity and reliability. These six dimensions reflected the biophilic requirements and provided a biophilic planning principle to achieve sustainable heritage management to satisfy the needs of the participants.
Cognitive complaints mediate childhood parental bonding influence on presenteeism
Authors: Toyoshima Kuniyoshi , Inoue Takeshi , Shimura Akiyoshi , Masuya Jiro , Fujimura Yota , Higashi Shinji , Kusumi Ichiro
Published: March 2022

Background

Childhood parental bonding and cognitive complaints (CCs) affect a worker’s mental health (MH), and CCs affect presenteeism. However, the impact of childhood parental bonding on presenteeism and the mediating effect of CCs with respect to the association among childhood parental bonding and presenteeism remain poorly understood.

Aim

We aimed to investigate the mediating role of CCs on the relationship between childhood parental bonding and presenteeism to better understand the influence of childhood parental bonding on adulthood presenteeism.

Setting

A total of 440 Japanese adult workers recruited using convenience sampling were evaluated.

Methods

The Parental Bonding Instrument, Cognitive Complaints in Bipolar Disorder Rating Assessment and Work Limitations Questionnaire 8 were used to assess childhood parental bonding, CCs, and presenteeism, respectively. We performed Spearman’s correlation analysis and path analysis to investigate the relationship among the variables.

Results

Path analysis revealed that childhood parental bonding and CCs significantly affected presenteeism. More specifically, CCs fully and partially mediated the effect of paternal and maternal care on presenteeism, respectively. Moreover, CCs partially mediated the effects of both paternal and maternal overprotection on presenteeism.

Conclusion

The mediating role of CCs on the relationship between childhood parental bonding and presenteeism was shown in this study. In occupational MH, evaluating the mediating effect of CCs may be useful for addressing adulthood presenteeism associated with childhood parental bonding.
Ionizing radiation and chemical oxidant exposure impacts on Cryptococcus neoformans transfer RNAs
Authors: Kelley Melissa , Paulines Mellie June , Yoshida George , Myers Ryan , Jora Manasses , Levoy Joel P. , Addepalli Balasubrahmanyam , Benoit Joshua B. , Limbach Patrick A.
Published: March 2022

Cryptococcus neoformansis a fungus that is able to survive abnormally high levels of ionizing radiation (IR). The radiolysis of water by IR generates reactive oxygen species (ROS) such as H2O2and OH-.C.neoformanswithstands the damage caused by IR and ROS through antioxidant production and enzyme-catalyzed breakdown of ROS. Given these particular cellular protein needs, questions arise whether transfer ribonucleic acids molecules (tRNAs) undergo unique chemical modifications to maintain their structure, stability, and/or function under such environmental conditions. Here, we investigated the effects of IR and H2O2exposure on tRNAs inC.neoformans. We experimentally identified the modified nucleosides present inC.neoformanstRNAs and quantified changes in those modifications upon exposure to oxidative conditions. To better understand these modified nucleoside results, we also evaluated tRNA pool composition in response to the oxidative conditions. We found that regardless of environmental conditions, tRNA modifications and transcripts were minimally affected. A rationale for the stability of the tRNA pool and its concomitant profile of modified nucleosides is proposed based on the lack of codon bias throughout theC.neoformansgenome and in particular for oxidative response transcripts. Our findings suggest thatC.neoformanscan rapidly adapt to oxidative environments as mRNA translation/protein synthesis are minimally impacted by codon bias.
From the books to the screens, to the memes and beyond: Fans’ notions of Game of Thrones as an adaptation
Authors: García-Rapp Florencia
Published: March 2022

Parting from the awareness that not all consumers of US media are located within the geographical and linguistic context of the United States, this article contributes to media sociology with an approximation to the fandom of transnationally popular texts. Empirical findings presented here draw from a broader qualitative study on the reception of the series Game of Thrones (GoT) by 21 viewers from Argentina, Spain and Germany. Here I build on participants’ responses to both the original novels by George R.R. Martin and the series adaptation by HBO as distinctive media texts to explore notions of authorship, adaptation and cultural legitimacy. Given the polysemic, intertextual quality of contemporary’s memetic culture, I also discuss a case of digital re-appropriation of GoT’s characters within sociopolitical discourses in Argentina.
Gender tensions: The humorous character of Dilma Bolada
Authors: Carneiro Adriana , Jalalzai Farida
Published: March 2022

This article investigates tensions related to stereotypes of women in politics expressed in the fictional and humorous character Dilma Bolada on Facebook. We observe the personal traits associated with gender stereotypes related to this character that is inspired by the first female president of Brazil, Dilma Rousseff. We analyse posts during the period leading up her impeachment (2015–16), which would result in her eventual removal from office. By assuming behaviours culturally recognized as masculine, Dilma Bolada contradicts socially established stereotypes for women. Yet, she also displays traits that reinforce feminine stereotypes. This combination of masculine and feminine representations, permeated by humorous language, allowed Dilma Bolada to subvert traditional gender roles and become popular. We believe that the relaxation triggered by humour transformed Rousseff’s hard temper into a positive image.
#IBelieveHer: Representations of rape culture in Northern Ireland’s media surrounding the 2018 Ulster Rugby Rape Trial
Authors: McFalone Kim
Published: March 2022

This article studies how Northern Ireland’s media represented rape culture in relation to the 2018 Ulster Rugby Rape Trial. Thematic analysis was employed to analyse newspaper articles and social media posts to determine common themes surrounding the perpetuation of rape culture. While there were portrayals of perpetrator support and victim-blaming in the media, there was a surprising wealth of criticism surrounding the culture of misogyny, female subordination and sexual violence acceptance in Northern Ireland. This suggests Northern Irish society is becoming increasingly aware and intolerant of the damage rape culture acceptance can cause to all levels of society.
The Emergence and Revival of Charismatic Movements: Argentine Peronism and Venezuelan Chavismo, Caitilin Andrews-Lee (2021)
Authors: Gindin Irene
Published: March 2022

Review of: The Emergence and Revival of Charismatic Movements: Argentine Peronism and Venezuelan Chavismo, Caitilin Andrews-Lee (2021)

Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 251 pp.,

ISBN 978-1-10883-147-5, h/bk, £75.00
AUTONOMIA DECISÓRIA E RESPONSABILIDADE CIVIL DA ANVISANO EXERCÍCIO DA FUNÇÃO EXECUTIVA
Authors: Guerra Sérgio
Published: March 2022

Contextualização do tema:Será analisada a competência da ANVISA no âmbito da sua autonomia decisória e da função regulatória executiva, de modo a perquirir pela juridicidade ou não da aplicação das regras gerais de responsabilidade civil extracontratual estatal.Objetivos:Este artigo tem por objetivo pesquisar o desenvolvimento da governança da vigilância sanitária nacional até a criação da ANVISA. Metodologia:  metodologia utilizada no desenvolvimento da pesquisa será hipotética-dedutiva, a partir do confronto com o ordenamento jurídico vigente e a literatura especializada.Resultados: Considerando que a primeira agência reguladora independente brasileira surgiu em 1996, estes entes estatais, nos quais se inclui a ANVISA, acabaram sendo rotulados por parte da doutrina como uma nova entidade de direito público. Contudo, e no que se refere à sua natureza jurídica, as agências reguladoras são criadas sob a forma de autarquias integrantes da administração pública indireta, que estão previstas em nosso ordenamento jurídico desde 1943.
A model for the sap yield of birches tapped by citizen scientists
Authors: Miina Jari , Kurttila Mikko
Published: March 2022

The sap yield of birches ( Roth and Ehrh.) was modelled as a function of tree diameter (girth) at breast height, as well as site and stand characteristics measured and reported by citizen scientists representing mainly non-industrial private forest owners in the South Savo, North Karelia, and Northern Ostrobothnia regions in Finland. Birches (tree species not recorded) growing on both mineral and peatland sites were tapped during the springs of 2019 and 2020. Citizen scientists were mainly voluntary forest owners who received the instructions and equipment (spouts, drop lines and buckets) for collecting sap from three birches of different diameters in the same birch stand. Citizen scientists were instructed to measure and report the sap yield and girth of the trees, as well as stand characteristics from the forest resource data, if available. Based on the linear mixed model fitted to the data, the sap yield increased with the increasing tree diameter and mean stand height, and varied between years, stands, and trees; between-region variation was not significant. In a birch stand, the simulated total sap yield haâ1 was depended on the average tree size and the stem number haâ1 and was at its highest just before the first commercial thinning and again before the second thinning. The sap model can be used to predict the necessary sap yield in profitability analyses for sap tapping.Betula pendulaB. pubescens
Individuals With Eosinophilic Esophagitis Are at Greater Risk of Later Psychiatric Disorder
Authors: Röjler Lovisa , Garber John J. , Butwicka Agnieszka , Roelstraete Bjorn , Ludvigsson Jonas F.
Published: March 2022

INTRODUCTION:

Several gastrointestinal and allergic diseases have been linked to psychiatric disease, but there are limited data on psychiatric disease in eosinophilic esophagitis (EoE). Our aim was to study the association between EoE and later psychiatric disorders.

METHODS:

This was a population-based nationwide cohort study. Individuals with EoE diagnosed during 1989–2017 in Sweden (n = 1,458) were identified through the ESPRESSO histopathology cohort that represents all gastrointestinal biopsy reports in Sweden's 28 pathology departments. Individuals with EoE were matched with up to 5 reference individuals on sex, age, county, and calendar year (n = 6,436). Cox proportional hazard modeling estimated adjusted hazard ratios (HRs). In a secondary analysis, we compared individuals with EoE with their siblings to adjust for intrafamilial confounding.

RESULTS:

The median age at EoE diagnosis was 39 years, and 76% of the enrolled individuals with EoE were male. During a median follow-up of 4 years, 106 individuals with EoE (15.96/1,000 person-years) developed a psychiatric disorder compared with 331 reference individuals (10.93/1,000 person-years), corresponding to an HR of 1.50 (95% confidence interval = 1.20–1.87). The increased risk was seen in the first 5 years of follow-up, but not thereafter. The highest relative risks were seen in individuals diagnosed with EoE in childhood. Compared with siblings, individuals with EoE were at an increased risk of psychiatric disease (HR = 1.62; 95% confidence interval = 1.14–2.31). EoE was linked to mood disorders, anxiety disorder, and attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder.

DISCUSSION:

Individuals with EoE may be at greater risk of psychiatric disease than their siblings and the general population. This risk needs to be considered in clinical care to detect, prevent, and treat comorbidity.
Evaluation of High Temperature Dry Sliding Wear Behaviour of Thermal Sprayed and Microwave Fused WC12Co and CeO2 Modified WC12Co Composite Coatings
Authors: Govindaswamy Pradeep Dyavappanakoppalu , Venkataramaiah Venkatesh Channarayapattana , Shivegowda Nithin Hiriyuru , Medabalimi Subba Rao
Published: March 2022

Thermal spray methods are used to increase the wear resistance of working surfaces. Microwave post-treatment is the advanced approach for enhancing the properties of thermal spray coatings. The current investigation focuses on the wear behavior of HVOF-sprayed and microwave-treated coatings. The WC12Co and CeO2 modified WC12Co composite coatings were successfully deposited on AISI4140 steel using the HVOF thermal spray technique. The coatings were tested in both as-sprayed and microwave post-treatment conditions. The dry sliding wear tests were carried out at temperatures of RT, 200, 400, and 600 ℃ with various loads. Vickers hardness tester, Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), and X-ray diffraction (XRD) equipments were used to investigate the microhardness, microstructure, and phases of coatings, respectively. In both compositions, the microwave-fused coating had a fine homogeneous structure and higher hardness than the as-sprayed depositions. For typical loads of 20 N and 40 N for both compositions, the friction coefficient decreased with increasing temperature in the as-sprayed and fused coatings. At all conditions, the microwave fused coating outperforms the as-sprayed coating in terms of wear resistance. During sliding action, the fused coatings exhibit tribo-oxide layers, which provide the best wear resistance of the microwave fused composite coatings. The wear resistance of the WC12Co coatings is improved as compared to CeO2 modified WC12Co coatings.
Does E-learning Trigger Epistemic Curiosity?
Authors: SARAC Seda , MEDE Enisa , AKGUN Ergun
Published: March 2022

This study aimed to explore the perceptions of tertiary level students about e-learning and determine whether it triggers their epistemic curiosity. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 78 undergraduate students enrolled in a foundation (non-profit, private) university in Turkey. Key thematic categories including the perceptions of motivation to seek new information in e-learning, desire to cope with challenging information in e-learning, desire to discover new, uncertain, and unpredictable information in learning, and barriers to e-learning were deduced. Digital and traditional tools emerged as motivating resources promoting curiosity in e-learning. E-learning experiences also fostered the curiosity to predict novel, risky, and uncertain information. Situational factors such as timing and workload were perceived as barriers to epistemic curiosity in e-learning. The gathered findings offered suggestions and pedagogical implications for triggering epistemic curiosity through e-learning in higher education.
The impact of Economic Freedom and Democracy on Income Inequality: Empirical Evidence from Sub-Saharan African Countries
Authors: Nazirou Sabi Couscous Mouhamadou
Published: March 2022

Throughout our study entitled the impact of economic freedom and democracy on Income Inequality: empirical evidence from Sub-Saharan African countries. We have demonstrated that the economic freedom which is defined as the elementary right of all humans to have control on his or her own labor and property and an important impact on the economic growth. Individuals have the freedom to work, to produce, to consume and to save or invest the way they want in an economically free society. We use the measure of Fraser Institute's economic freedom from the world summary index (EF). A composite of five major sub-indices: Access to sound money index (SM), Freedom to trade internationally index (FT), Government size index (GV), legal structure and security of property rights index (PR), and regulation of credit, labor and business index (RG). The results show that the Freedom to trade internationally index (FT), the Government size index (GV), the regulation of credit, labor and business index (RG) have negative impact on the income inequality. Concerning the Governance, Government Effectiveness, Rule of Law, and Regulatory Quality is negatively related to Income Inequality. Nevertheless, the Control of Corruption and the coefficient of Political Stability and Absence of Violence have a positive impact on Income Inequality. The stability promotes the income inequality and through the protest and demonstration by the least privileged leads the government to reconsider the system of ruling. Our control variables such as economic growth and population throughout the four estimations they show none significance with the Income Inequality. So basically the economic growth doesn’t affect the income inequality in Sub-Saharan Africa. As Africa financial institutions, the Banks have a clear mandate to support the Regional Communities, to strengthen strategies and to lower the income inequalities across countries and within countries. The inclusive growth plans and agenda of the Banks and their new Long Term Strategy will position the Bank as a leading institution to promote activities that foster economic growth in an inclusive
Financial Performance of Initial Public Offerings: Exploratory Study
Authors: Ait Jillali Sanae , Belkasseh Mohammed
Published: March 2022

The subject of prowess and relevance constantly represents an apprehension of the leaders which alerts the presence of the firm in its market notwithstanding their definitions and complicated measures emanating from the determination of the performance. The latter, as being a kaleidoscopic and multidimensional construct, can never illustrate a consensus of the authors.

The present study allows us to constitute a frame of reference to prepare the ground of an investigation concerning financial performance before and after Initial Public Offerings (IPOs) in companies listed on the Casablanca Stock Exchange in Morocco. The object of this paper is to offer a literature review that highlights the explanatory factors of an IPO decision and its impact on financial performance. Notably through theoretical foundations which underlie the decision to go public and its effect on performance, namely: the theory of the agency and the timing of the market theory (founded on the assumption of earnings management). As well, based on international empirical studies that demonstrated the behavior of listed companies (regardless of their structure or their line of business) in terms of performance in a period pre- and post-listing. By using different aggregates and performance indicators, the studies’ findings proved the phenomenon of higher financial performance that improves faster than normal during the year before but diminishes after the going public event in the long run. This article brings a more holistic and integrated view of the relationship between IPO and performance, as well as avenues for future research are offered in the conclusion.
El auge de Vox y el populismo en Youtube antes y durante la pandemia del Covid-19
Authors: Cerdán Martínez Víctor , Giménez Sarmiento Álvaro , Padilla Castillo Graciela
Published: March 2022

YouTube es una de las plataformas más empleadas por los jóvenes para el visionado de contenido audiovisual en Internet. Aunque varios estudios recientes analizan las tendencias de las búsquedas de vídeos políticos en YouTube no hay ningún estudio que analice la evolución de la popularidad de los partidos políticos españoles en dicha red social. Para esta investigación emplearemos una metodología cuantitativa y cualitativa basada en datos de la plataforma Google Trends con el objetivo de averiguar la evolución de la popularidad de estos partidos en YouTube antes y durante la pandemia. Los resultados sitúan a Vox (7,6) como el partido más buscado en YouTube durante los últimos diez años, seguido de Unidas Podemos (6,3), PSOE (4,4) y PP (3,5). En el periodo de la pandemia, Vox aumenta su popularidad (15,3) y Partido Popular queda en segundo lugar (4,2). Realizamos un análisis estadístico para comparar el partido más buscado en YouTube con el resto de los partidos en ambos periodos. El análisis de regresión de las búsquedas entre “Vox” y “PP” durante la última década fue de R² = 0,51 y durante el periodo de la pandemia de R² = 0,15. La correlación de “Vox” con los demás partidos en fue de R <0,06 ambos periodos. Concluimos que Vox se ha convertido en el partido más buscado en YouTube durante la pandemia del Covid-19, una red social usada principalmente por jóvenes. Factor que determina el reciente éxito de un partido que algunos autores relacionan con un discurso populista.
La construcción del hábitat de los sujetos de Andalgalá ¿En los bordes o más allá del Estado y el capital?
Authors: Valiente Silvia Carina
Published: March 2022

Este artículo tiene por objetivo reflexionar en qué medida ciertas acciones/estrategias desplegadas, y por desplegar, por parte de los sujetos de Andalgalá podrían recrearlos como sujetos autónomos en tanto que estaría implicada otra forma de construir su hábitat, de asumir la salud y la enfermedad, la alimentación, entendiéndolas como experiencias auto-gestionadas situadas más en los márgenes que más allá del Estado y el capital.
Tras la diáspora andina. Una construcción epistémica para fortalecer el proceso intercultural de la ciudad de Cali, Colombia
Authors: Pérez Rengifo Juan Manuel
Published: March 2022

La ciudad de Cali se ha caracterizado por ser un reflejo potente del desarrollo pluriétnico y multicultural, donde la historia y las diferentes migraciones han dinamizado las prácticas culturales y sus formas de ver el mundo. En esa medida surge un mundo andino producto de la diáspora andina que conlleva una carga de la memoria y la adaptación para una ciudad que se abre al diálogo intercultural. Durante muchos años la pregunta sobre una Cali andina va rondado a sus pobladores y gestores culturales, motivo que ha propiciado el presente articulo producto de una investigación para optar por el titulo de Magister en Estudios Interculturales. Lo andino es entonces la consecuencia culminante de relaciones sociales gestadas por migrantes y caleños raizales que dieron apertura a mezclas culturales que hemos denominado interculturales sustentadas en un proceso diaspórico.
Geoprospectiva, herramienta para la formulación de un modelo de inteligencia Territorial (soberanía alimentaria y el desarrollo sostenible): Experiencia de construcción participativa en el resguardo indígena La Victoria de la Etnia Piapoco
Authors: Cordoba Guatavita Angee Rowena , Ospina Sogamoso José Vicente
Published: March 2022

El territorio es producto de las constantes interacciones entre quienes habitan y los espacios a partir de las percepciones, concepciones y vivencias con este mismo. Así se define en gran parte, la identidad de las comunidades que lo significan, modifican y administran (Soja, 1996, p. 74). Frente a estas interacciones se pueden encontrar, frustraciones o posibilidades en el desarrollo de las comunidades y su calidad de vida. En el presente artículo, se reconoce cómo en el ejercicio geoprospectivo desarrollado por la comunidad indígena Piapoco a partir de la Investigación Acción Participativa (IAP), se estructura la propuesta de un Modelo de Inteligencia Territorial en el marco del desarrollo sostenible y la soberanía alimentaria en el resguardo La Victoria. En atención a las necesidades reales y cosmovisión de la misma, como apoyo para la toma de decisiones y participación colectiva en el desarrollo de su plan de vida
Apropiación de las redes sociodigitales por los movimientos sociales. El caso del #MatrimonioIgualitario en México
Authors: Olmedo Neri Raul Anthony , Martínez Carmona Carlos
Published: March 2022

Este artículo propone y pone en práctica una aproximación para entender la apropiación de las redes sociodigitales por los movimientos sociales. Se emplea el Análisis de Redes Sociales (ARS) para destacar las implicaciones que este método tiene en la materia, observando que la preocupación es primordialmente metodológica. Por medio del estudio de caso #MatrimonioIgualitario en México se aplica el ARS para identificar algunas de las consecuencias alrededor de la apropiación. Se reconoce que a pesar de su novedad existe un progresivo y vertiginoso avance en la materia, no obstante, la fascinación de la instrumentación y los resultados de la aplicación del método han obnubilado la concreción de hallazgos más abigarrados. Mediante su instrumentación, y en el diálogo y discusión metodológica, se destaca que el Análisis de Redes Sociales permite dar cuenta de al menos tres procesos clave: estructura; significación y reapropiación simbólica. De este modo se contribuye a repensar las aproximaciones a las implicaciones de la apropiación, y en términos generales contribuir al entendimiento de articulación entre movimientos y las plataformas sociodigitales
Luchas por la construcción de territorios interculturales: procesos de resistencia de las mujeres afrodescendientes del municipio de Bello, Antioquia
Authors: Córdoba Patiño Estefanía , Velásquez López Karina , Jiménez Ortiz Eliana Andrea
Published: March 2022

En el municipio de Bello (Antioquia) se presentan situaciones a nivel cultural, político y social que afectan el tejido y los procesos de construcción social del territorio, desde allí se reivindican las resistencias de mujeres pertenecientes a la comunidad afrocolombiana, quienes participan en proyectos de la Casa Multiactiva Afrobellanita y generan apuestas por la transformación del territorio. Estas se dan a través de sus condición específica de organización social y la manera en que, a partir de su cosmovisión, se fortalece la identidad étnica y resisten por el reconocimiento de sus derechos.

La investigación es cualitativa, el paradigma es interpretativo comprensivo y el método es fenomenológico, con el propósito de conocer cómo se generan procesos de construcción social del territorio. A partir de ello, se reconocen las resistencias de las mujeres afrobellanitas, sus procesos participativos en los que reivindican su estética como afrodescendientes, sus luchas históricas y su liderazgo colectivo desde la juntanza; de este modo, se comprenden sus resistencias en dinámicas de construcción comunitaria y de reflexión constante por el fortalecimiento de la identidad étnica y de la preservación de la memoria ancestral.
Le roman de la mémoire sur le conflit armé au Pérou depuis une perspective de genre
Authors: Cárdenas Moreno Mónica
Published: March 2022

En 1980 un conflit armé interne a débuté entre le Parti Communiste Péruvien Sentier lumineux (PCP-SL) et les forces armées de l’Etat péruvien. Cet article s’intéresse à la fonction du discours littéraire durant la période post-conflit et plus précisément aux stratégies littéraires de la représentation de la violence, au rapport entre la production littéraire, en tant que production culturelle d’élite, et les groupes subalternes affectés pendant et après le conflit. C’est sous cet angle que sont analysés les romans : La voluntad del molle (2006), de Karina Pacheco, et La sangre de la aurora (2013), de Claudia Salazar. Dans ces deux fictions, leurs personnages féminins explorent différents rôles qui nous font réévaluer les catégories de « victime » et de « coupable » dans la logique de la mémoire des vaincus. Ces romans traversent deux frontières : la frontière de la nation encerclée et celle qui sépare les « victimes » des « coupables ».
Análisis de la expresión oral, fluidez y comprensión lectora en un estudiante con discapacidad intelectual: estudio de caso
Authors: Vásquez Diego Rocío Anahí , Moreno Luna Flor de María , Hernández Díaz Reynaldo
Published: March 2022

El presente artículo tiene como propósito analizar el proceso y alcance de los factores sobre la lectura como: la expresión oral, la fluidez y comprensión lectora en un estudiante con discapacidad intelectual de sexto grado de primaria con atención en el servicio de USAER. La estrategia implementada de intervención pedagógica se realizó en la ciudad de Oaxaca,  a través de los instructivos con visión cognitiva, al considerar que la comprensión y fluidez de un texto requiere el desarrollo del pensamiento en vertientes ópticas, perceptuales, sintácticas y de significado. La estructura metodológica fue retomada desde la perspectiva del estudio de caso propuesta por Stake (1999), al compaginar todos los elementos observables en la amplitud del caso y retomar una investigación cualitativa en la recogida de datos mediante la aplicación de instrumentos de campo. Para la amplitud y profundidad del caso se retomaron los pilares de la observación, reflexión, planificación, acción y evaluación al cohesionar estos elementos y comprender la particularidad del caso-estudio. Los resultados obtenidos fueron mediante la triangulación de las directrices aportadas por los maestros involucrados para el desglose de los objetivos logrados.
Water, culture and identity. The recovery of former Cagliari’s racecourse area, Italia
Authors: Borea Francesca
Published: March 2022

The former racecourse of Cagliari, inaugurated in 1929, occupies an area of about 24 hectares and is located between the Poetto beach and the Molentargius-Saline Regional Natural Park (one of the most important wetlands in Europe). Although the racetrack has been inactive since 2004, the intended use of this site remains linked to equestrian activity, a discipline deeply alive and rooted in Sardinian culture. The research called "Inhabited Ruin”, the starting point of this article, examines a place immersed in the heart of a natural context and aims to promote and reveal the original function of the site, leveraging its strategic position within the park. Currently the beach and the park, although limiting, are still two distinct realities given the scarcity of paths and infrastructures that allow these sites to be connected to each other. Re-evaluating this structure and integrating it into the surrounding context, in architectural and program terms, would allow the enhancement of the entire area with a more cohesive and integrated system (beach area, park and horse racing activities). 

This project interprets the culture of the game of horse racing in a contemporary key, involving the element of water - so faithful to the site - for its restorative power, studying and taking as a model different places that in history have hosted similar events (for example Italian squares such as Piazza del Campo in Siena, Piazza dell'Anfiteatro in Lucca and Piazza Navona in Rome. The charm and success of these places, demonstrate how the private sphere of residential complexes can be actively involved in public life and entertainment venues become the example and inspiration to recover the existing site and transform it into a new environment that adequately integrates natural elements and built to give a unique character to this area of Cagliari.