bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Outcome of Moderate and Severe Traumatic Brain Injury Amongst the Elderly in Singapore
Authors: Gan BK , Lim JHG , Ng IHB
Published: September 2023

Introduction: In line with other established protocols, our unit has instituted a standardised protocol for the management of moderate and severe traumatic brain injury since 1996 in our neurointensive care unit.

Materials and Methods: We reviewed the outcomes, at 6 months’ postinjury, in an elderly group aged >64 years (73.86 ± 8.0 years) and compared them to a younger group aged 20 to 40 years (29.2 ± 5.7 years) in a cohort of 324 patients. Outcome was dichotomised as favourable (mild and moderate disability but independent; Glasgow Outcome Score [GOS] 4 and 5), unfavourable (severe disability and persistent vegetative state; GOS 2 and 3) and death (GOS 1).

Results: In the elderly group, the mortality (55.4%) was slightly more than double that of the younger group (20.9%); 21.5% had an unfavourable outcome (14.2% in the younger group) and only 23% had a favourable outcome (compared to 64.9% in the younger group). The final outcomes were significantly worse in all levels in the elderly group. This was in spite of data showing that the mechanism of injury was of a higher impact in the younger group, with a higher incidence of polytrauma and cervical spine injury. On admission, the mean Glasgow Coma Score (GCS) was 8.3 ± 3.91 for the elderly group and 8.59 ± 4.05 for the younger group (P = 0.763). Computed tomography scan showed that the elderly had a higher incidence of mass lesions (extradural haematoma and subdural haematoma) and traumatic subarachnoid haemorrhage. A subgroup (29.2%) of elderly patients had no surgical intervention based on poor clinical/neurological status, premorbid functional status and pre-existing medical conditions, with their family’s consent. The GCS of <8, on admission, was significant (P <0.001) in predicting mortality in the elderly. In the elderly group, the female gender had a higher mortality rate (70.4%) than the males (44.7%) (P = 0.19).

Conclusion: Age must be considered an independent factor in outcome prediction in the elderly with moderate and severe traumatic brain injury. A more conservative approach in the management of an elderly patient with severe head injury may be reasonable given its dismal outcomes after careful dialogue with the relatives.
Ocular Shape and Myopia
Authors: Stone Richard , Flitcroft Ian
Published: September 2023

Introduction: To learn if eye shape might be a useful parameter in refractive research.
Materials and Methods: Laboratory research on eye growth mechanisms is summarised. The available clinical literature relating refraction to eye shape and peripheral refraction is critically assessed in the context of the laboratory research on refractive development.
Results: Almost all refraction research assesses optical and length parameters exclusively along the visual axis. Contemporary laboratory research demonstrates a remarkable phylogenic conservation of the neural mechanisms regulating refractive development. On-axis image quality regulates central refractive development in animals and probably, to some extent, in humans. Off-axis image quality at the retina depends on anterior segment geometry and optics, and on the 3-dimensional conformation of the retina. In chicks, eye shape is a predictable parameter linked to the underlying neural mechanisms modulating eye development. Based on the sparse clinical literature in human adults and children, the eye shapes induced in chicks are also seen in human subjects in patterns suggesting that eye shape may be a useful parameter in clinical studies.
Conclusion: The diverse findings suggest that incorporating the 3-dimensional conformation of the eye into future clinical studies may help resolve many of the ambiguities in contemporary refractive research.
Physical Principles and Technology of Clinical PET Imaging
Authors: Townsend DW
Published: September 2023

Molecular imaging with positron-emitting radionuclides is playing an increasingly important role in the diagnosis and staging of malignant disease and in monitoring response to therapy. To meet this challenge, significant improvements in the performance of the imaging technology have been achieved in recent years. Such developments are subject to the constraints imposed by the physics of positron emission tomography (PET) and the main objectives in designing or improving PET scanners are to achieve high spatial resolution and sensitivity while maximising the true coincidence count rate relative to contributions from noise processes. Noise contributions in PET include not only statistical effects associated with photon counting but also background processes such as scatter and random coincidences. The recent developments of new, faster scintillators and electronics for PET detectors, as well as statistically-based algorithms that reconstruct fully three-dimensional (3D) PET images in minutes, have dramatically reduced clinical imaging times while improving image quality. A recent advance, the combination of functional imaging and computed tomography (CT) in the PET/CT scanner has further reduced the study duration by eliminating the lengthy PET transmission scan and providing accurate anatomical localisation of functional abnormalities. PET imaging technology has now improved to where a combined anatomical and functional clinical study can be completed in less than 10 minutes – although taking advantage of such high throughput potential will challenge patient management in diagnostic imaging departments. This paper reviews the physical principles underlying PET and summarises the recent developments in PET scanner technology, from the introduction of new PET detectors to the development of the combined PET/CT scanner.
PET Tracers and Radiochemistry
Authors: Schyler DJ
Published: September 2023

This paper provides a brief review of the radiochemistry of radiopharmaceuticals used in positron emission tomography (PET). It includes some history of PET, the basic formation of radionuclides in a cyclotron target, the processing of the precursor molecules into a useful PET radiotracer and the clinical significance and outlook for PET radiotracers. This review is based on a series of recent books and articles outlining the fundamental goals of PET and how radiochemistry plays a part in achieving these goals. It is also drawn from the literature that has been developed in PET over the last 30 years since PET became a research and valuable clinical tool. PET is a growing field and the clinical applications of the chemistry and technology have just begun to be explored. There is a great deal left to do in order to explore the full potential of PET in the clinic.
Abnormal Liver Function Tests in the Symptomatic Pregnant Patient: The Local Experience in Singapore
Authors: Wong HY , Tan JYL , Lim CC
Published: September 2023

Introduction: The causes of abnormal liver function tests in pregnancy are varied and may or may not be pregnancy related. Often, the diagnosis can be difficult. This study looked at the causes of deranged liver function tests in obstetric patients with significant symptoms and signs.

Materials and Methods: Data from 50 cases of abnormal liver function tests in pregnant patients, who presented from 1998 to 2001, were analysed. Their presenting symptoms included persistent vomiting (48%), pruritis (14%), jaundice (26%), upper abdominal discomfort (24%) and hypertension (46%).

Results: Pregnancy-related causes accounted for 84% of the abnormal liver function tests. Abnormal liver function tests occurred more frequently in the first (34%) and third (58%) trimesters than in the second trimester (8%). Hyperemesis gravidarum (94%) and partial haemolysis, elevated liver enzymes and low platelets (HELLP) syndrome (31%) were the commonest causes in the first and third trimesters respectively. Hepatitis B flare resulted in 2 maternal deaths. Seven patients with pre-eclampsia toxaemia, acute fatty liver of pregnancy or partial/complete HELLP syndrome had their liver function tests measured sequentially before and after delivery. All of them showed rapid improvement postpartum with their alanine aminotransferase (ALT) dropping 50% within 3 days.

Conclusions: The majority of patients with abnormal liver function tests had a cause related to pregnancy, and pregnancy-related causes in the third trimester improved rapidly postpartum. Hepatitis B flare was a significant non-obstetric cause leading to maternal mortality. This diagnosis must therefore be considered in ethnic groups where the incidence of chronic hepatitis B infection is high, especially in chronic hepatitis B carriers with suspected pregnancy-related disease who deteriorate postpartum.
Routine Microbiological Screening in Septic Patients in a Cardiac Surgical Intensive Care Unit
Authors: Meininger D , Byhahn C , Maeser D , Martens S , Westphal K
Published: September 2023

Introduction: Patients in a surgical intensive care unit (ICU) have a high incidence of nosocomial infections which often lead to septic shock and death. Since specific antibiotic treatment is often difficult, it is recommended that routine nose/throat swabs be obtained in order to have a better idea of the causative agent when a systemic inflammatory response occurs in a given patient.

Materials and Methods: In 1435 patients in a cardiac surgical ICU, routine nose/throat swabs were taken thrice a week and tested for microorganisms and systemic inflammation. Blood cultures were also obtained. Antibiotic treatment was given to cover the microbes from the nose/throat swabs. Alternatively, an empirical antibiotic therapy was given to patients whose swabs had tested negative.

Results: Of the 86 patients with systemic inflammation, 29 had blood cultures positive for microbes. Of these, 18 received a specific antibiotic therapy based on their positive nose/throat cultures prior to the return of the blood cultures from the laboratory. However, only 11 patients tested positive for the same microbes on routine swabs and blood cultures. While positive routine swabs are quite specific to sepsis when there is a systemic inflammatory response, routine swabs are not a suitable screening tool due to their low sensitivity.

Conclusion: Routine nose/throat swabs led to earlier specific antibiotic treatment in only 22% of patients with clinical signs of systemic inflammation. In 36% of cases, the organisms detected in the routine swabs and blood cultures were not identical. Hence, we believe that routine swabs are of limited value in instituting earlier, specific antibiotic therapy in septic patients.
Hand-assisted Laparoscopic Living Donor Nephrectomy
Authors: Chiong E , Yip SKH , Cheng WS , Vathsala A , Li MK
Published: September 2023

Introduction: Laparoscopic living donor nephrectomy (LDN) for renal transplantation is increasingly being performed to improve donor outcomes, by reducing perioperative morbidity without adversely impacting on allograft function in the recipient. We report our initial experience with hand-assisted LDN.

Materials and Methods: From March 2002 to January 2003, 10 hand-assisted LDNs were performed in 2 institutions. Potential donors were evaluated for suitability, which included a renal angiogram. Only donors with uncomplicated vascular arrangements of the left kidney were offered this technique. During surgery, dissection of the donor kidney was performed laparoscopically, aided by the surgeon’s non-dominant hand inserted into the abdominal cavity through a hand-assist device via a 7-cm abdominal incision. The graft was subsequently delivered through the incision.

Results: The mean operating time was 163.5 ± 32 minutes and the mean warm ischaemic time was 2.16 ± 0.72 minutes. There were no conversions to the open nephrectomy technique or requirement for perioperative transfusions. Postoperatively, patients returned to normal diet by 1.8 ± 0.8 days and needed opiate analgesia up to a maximum of 48 hours. On average, the patients started ambulation at 2.1 ± 0.9 days and were discharged 4 ± 1.5 days after surgery. There were no significant complications other than 3 superficial wound infections. All grafts had immediate graft function. Serum creatinine levels of all recipients fell within 24 hours and reached baseline at a mean of 5.7 ± 4.6 days.

Conclusions: Hand-assisted LDN is safe, feasible and can be performed with minimal morbidity. It also allows for excellent allograft function.
Rising Trend of Anterior Cruciate Ligament Injuries in Females in a Regional Hospital
Authors: Chong RWW , Tan JL
Published: September 2023

Introduction: We see a rising trend in the number of anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injuries in females over the past 4 years (1999 to 2002). This article seeks to identify and examine the rising trend in the number of ACL injuries in females in our institution over this period.

Materials and Methods: Two hundred and fifty-nine patients with ACL reconstructions were identified and their casenotes were retrieved from the medical records office. Of these, 13 were females.

Results: The number of ACL reconstructions has increased from 9 cases to 144 cases a year from 1999 to 2002. Over this period, 13 female cases (3 in 2001 and 10 in 2002) with an age range of 13 to 38 years were performed in our institution. Their injuries were mainly sustained from a bad landing or during pivoting on 1 leg. There were 8 patients (61.5%) with prior conditioning and experience and 5 without (38.5%). The mean number of years of prior training was 4.4 years. Of these 8, 4 were netball players. All were competitive players either at the school or club level and they were all playing as goal attackers.

Conclusion: Linear regression analysis shows a significant increase in the number of ACL reconstructions performed for females in our institution over this time period. Netball was a common sport in our series. This suggests a likely relationship between netball and ACL injuries. All the patients were playing as goal attackers. The area of court covered and frequency of jump-stop and sudden deceleration activities could be a cause.
A Case of Metastatic Squamous Cell Carcinoma of the Hypopharynx Manifesting as Acute Abdomen
Authors: Wong ZW , Leong SS , Tan T , Mancer K
Published: September 2023

Introduction: Squamous cell head and neck cancers are usually confined to local and regional sites but occasionally, patients may present with rare manifestations of distant metastases.

Clinical Picture: A 23-year-old female was treated with concurrent chemo-radiotherapy for stage IVA post-cricoid squamous cell carcinoma. A month later, she presented with acute abdomen and was found to have extensive peritoneal nodules at laparotomy. Intestinal obstruction soon followed.

Treatment: She was managed conservatively for the intestinal obstruction and given weekly paclitaxel.

Outcome: She continued to deteriorate and succumbed shortly after the diagnosis of carcinomatosis peritoneii.

Conclusion: This rare and aggressive presentation reminds us to be cognizant of relapsed head and neck cancers manifesting atypically, and the need for more aggressive search of distant disease in at least some subgroups of head and neck cancer.
Conflict Management Styles of Faculty and Staff of a State University in Northern Philippines
Authors:   Philippine Normal University North Luzon, Alicia, Isabela, Philippines, Guiab Richard R. , Miguel Carlito G. ,   Philippine Normal University North Luzon, Alicia, Isabela, Philippines
Published: September 2023

The study explores the Conflict Management Styles (CMS) of faculty and staff and relationship of the CMS with their demographic profiles with an aim to develop a possible training program in Conflict Management. The participants were 26 faculty and 14 staff. Data were gathered using survey, interview and FGD. The instrument used is the Thomas-Killman CMS Inventory. The instrument yielded a CVI of 0.91 and a Cronbach Alpha of 0 .95 which show that the validity and reliability of the instrument is very high The data were analyzed by means of the descriptive statistics, the Z-test for independent sample means to determine the ratio of proportion of difference between the conflict management styles as perceived by the respondents; and the Chi square to determine any relationship between conflict management styles and demographic profiles of respondents. Results of the study reveal that the faculty and staff use different CMS. The dominant conflict management style for the faculty is avoiding and for the staff is compromising. It also shows that the faculty with administrative positions and some staff use combinations of the CMS like compromising-collaborating. The demographic profiles of the faculty and staff do not influence their conflict management styles. The study concludes that existing practices and strategies of faculty and staff in handling conflict needs enhancement on appropriate and effective conflict management styles. Thus, a possible training program on Conflict Management Styles was developed and proposed for implementation.
Surgical Management of the Hostile Abdomen: A Comprehensive Current Review of Literature
Authors:   Hospital Regional No.6 Ignacio García Téllez, cd Madero, Tamps, Martinez Montoya Blanca Isela
Published: September 2023

This comprehensive review delves into the intricate landscape of surgical management in cases of a hostile abdomen. A hostile abdomen represents a formidable challenge characterized by factors such as severe adhesions, inflammation, abscesses, or the presence of foreign bodies, complicating surgical interventions. The preoperative phase is pivotal, requiring meticulous assessment and planning, often involving advanced imaging studies to anticipate potential complications. Surgeons must adapt to the unpredictable intraoperative challenges they encounter, such as dense adhesions and abscess drainage, employing skillful techniques to ensure patient safety. Minimally invasive approaches may be advantageous in select cases, minimizing surgical trauma and expediting recovery. Interdisciplinary collaboration among surgical specialties, anesthetists, radiologists, and nurses is essential to navigate these complex scenarios seamlessly. Potential complications, including prolonged operative times, increased blood loss, inadvertent injury, and postoperative infections, demand proactive management and comprehensive postoperative care. In conclusion, managing a hostile abdomen necessitates meticulous planning, adaptability, and interdisciplinary teamwork. Surgeons must navigate unpredictable intraoperative challenges while prioritizing patient safety and optimizing outcomes in this complex clinical entity.
Comprehensive Analysis of Scalded Skin Syndrome: Clinical Exploration, Underlying Pathophysiology and Advanced Therapeutic Approaches
Authors:   Hospital general de zona #1 Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social. Durango. Durango, México., Medrano María Erika Boza , Hernández Nancy Marysol Guevara ,   Hospital General de Zona No. 2 Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Dr. Efrén Correa Magallanes, Fresnillo, Zacatecas, México., Hernández-Lerma Esmeralda ,   Hospital General de Zona no. 1 Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social. Dr Emilio Varela Luján. Zacatecas, México., Ruiz-Gomez María Fernanda ,   Hospital General de Zona no. 1 Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social. Dr Emilio Varela Luján. Zacatecas, México., Lira-Zataraín Norma ,   Hospital General de Zona no. 1 Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social. Dr Emilio Varela Luján. Zacatecas, México., Caldera-Gonzalez Valeria Guadalupe ,   Hospital General de Zona no. 1 Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social. Dr Emilio Varela Luján. Zacatecas, México.
Published: September 2023

Scalded skin syndrome, a rare but potentially serious dermatologic entity, stands as a clinical and scientific challenge in the contemporary medical field. This article proposes a comprehensive evaluation of this entity, covering clinical aspects, pathophysiological mechanisms and state-of-the-art therapeutic perspectives. The skin, as the most extensive organ of the human body, is prone to a diversity of pathologies, among which scalded skin syndrome emerges as a condition characterized by significant epidermal exfoliation, commonly evoked by staphylococcal exfoliative toxins. Despite its dramatic clinical presentation, its accurate diagnosis may require meticulous differential evaluation to discern it from other skin conditions with similar manifestations. From a pathophysiological perspective, cutaneous de-adhesion in scalded skin syndrome originates in the specific unbinding of intracellular adhesion molecules, leading to intraepidermal separation and ultimately intraepidermal blistering. The constantly evolving understanding of the molecular processes involved has led to innovative therapeutic approaches that go beyond mere suppression of the causative infection. In this comprehensive review, current and emerging therapeutic options are addressed, including intravenous immunoglobulin, immune response modulating agents, and therapies targeting dysfunctional molecular signaling cascades. In addition, the importance of supportive care and prevention of life-threatening complications, such as sepsis, is discussed. In summary, this article is intended as an essential resource for clinicians, researchers, and healthcare professionals interested in furthering the comprehensive understanding of scalded skin syndrome. The convergence of clinical, basic research, and advanced therapies is crucial to improve early detection, effective management, and prognostic outcomes in this complex dermatologic entity.
Atlantoaxial Subluxation with Atlas and Hangman’s Fractures: A Case Report
Authors:   Department of Traumatology and Orthopedics, Universidad de la República, School of Medicine, Montevideo, Uruguay, Porcelli Daniel , Rodriguez Lisandro ,   Department of Traumatology, Medica Uruguaya Medical Corporation, Montevideo, Uruguay, Nin Fernando ,   Department of Traumatology, Medica Uruguaya Medical Corporation, Montevideo, Uruguay
Published: September 2023

Combined dislocation and fracture of the upper cervical spine in adults is a rare condition that may result in devastating consequences. With the increase in road traffic accidents and the improvement in prehospital emergency care, serious injuries of the upper cervical spine are more frequently diagnosed at tertiary care centers. We report a case of a 19-year-old adolescent with dislocation-fracture of the upper cervical spine following a moderate-energy trauma. With early diagnosis and treatment, the patient showed good progress without major complications and 24-month follow-up.
Shared Decision-Making: A Phenomenological Study of Student Service Learning
Authors:   University of St. Augustine for Health Sciences, 901 W. Walnut Hill Lane, Suite 210A, Irving, TX 75038, PT, MA, PhD Thomas P. Werner, , MEd, OTR Mary Zadnik, ScD, ,   University of St. Augustine for Health Sciences, 5401 La Crosse Ave, Austin, TX 78739, ScD Suzanne Trotter, PT, ,   Tufts University School of Medicine, 136 Harrison Avenue, Boston, MA 02111
Published: September 2023

The concept of collaborative shared decision-making began with the quality assurance and research efforts associated with the late 1970’s effort of the United States of America President Jimmy Carter. The value of service-learning has been well documented in medical and allied health education. Several studies have examined the cultural experiences and clinical reasoning abilities of persons involved in service-learning. What has not been well-examined is the concept of shared decision-making by those engaged in service-learning. The purpose of this phenomenological study was to identify how Occupational Therapy (OT) and Physical Therapy (PT) students defined shared decision-making while engaged in a weeklong international service-learning experience with an underserved population in Guatemala City, Guatemala. Through facilitated and recorded discussion, the researchers used qualitative methods to unearth the lived experience and shared decision-making of student participants during the daily service-learning activities. Concepts related to a shared decision-making definition evolved during the week of service-learning for these students. Thoughtful reflection identified processes whereby collective problem-solving contributed to both student experiential learning while addressing the broader needs of the client and the underserved population. Participants defined shared decision-making as a collaborative and interprofessional experience. The beliefs and values of team members, including the patient/client, were found to be influential and relevant to the definition.
Profile of School Quality Based on Quality Reports in Elementary Schools in Banten Province
Authors:   The University of Sultan Ageng Tirtayasa, Sudadio Prof. Dr. , Shabatini Dewi Nancy ,   The University of Sultan Ageng Tirtayasa, Firmansyah Fahmie ,   The University of Sultan Ageng Tirtayasa, Farleni Fenti ,   The University of Sultan Ageng Tirtayasa, Hidayatullah Hidayatullah ,   The University of Sultan Ageng Tirtayasa
Published: September 2023

Profile quality school covers various aspects, including academic students' performance, management schools, facilities, infrastructure, and stakeholder participation and involvement. Report card quality is used to collect data about students' performance, teaching effectiveness, and school management. This data is then analyzed To evaluate the performance of schools in achieving learning targets and improving the quality of education. Study This aim To know the quality of educational services provided to schools. Profile quality school-based report card quality can be used for repair sustainability. With a view of the data and analysis contained in report card quality, the schools can identify areas that need to be improved and develop a plan of appropriate action. Steps repair can cover curriculum enhancement, teacher competence, or support program development For students. The research method is quantitative, collecting data through instrument surveys of respondent-related management schools and reporting quality education. Data analysis was performed with the use of technique statistics certain. Research results show that profile quality school-based report card quality education to quality education has an average achievement of 6,67 categories, significant achievement of NES 4 quality high. The acquisition of elementary school quality report cards in Banten province is 6,16. The quality report card profile score in Banten Province is 3,85. Based on Statistical calculation, obtained Sig value. (2-tailed) of 0,034 <0,05, which means category score report quality relates significantly to report quality education. Value contributions received in the study This is 0,034, which means contributions earned by 0,204%.
STUDY OF THE EXISTING FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF AN E-COMMERCE MANAGEMENT SYSTEM
Authors:   A research team in Computer Science and University Pedagogical Engineering (S2IPU) Normal School of Tetouan, Abdel Malek Essaadi University – Morocco., OUARIACH SOUFIANE , SOUFIANE OUARIACH ,   A research team in Computer Science and University Pedagogical Engineering (S2IPU) Normal School of Tetouan, Abdel Malek Essaadi University – Morocco., MOHAMED KHALDI ,   A research team in Computer Science and University Pedagogical Engineering (S2IPU) Normal School of Tetouan, Abdel Malek Essaadi University – Morocco.
Published: September 2023

We are interested in this work in the relations of exchanges and in particular the emailing. Our objective is to propose a study concerning the analysis of the situation and in particular the study of the existing in the market of the tools which treat the emailing to define the nature of the tools which already exist on the market and especially to identify the various functionalities of these tools to propose a list of functionalities which a tool emailing can integrate for a good management of a tool emailing and at the same time, that will help us to define our needs for the design and the development of our system of management e-commerce being based on the emailing.
An Empirical Evidence of The Impact of Inventory Management on The Profitability of Manufacturing Companies
Authors: Bah Abdullah , Duramany-Lakkoh Ezekiel K. , Daboh Foday
Published: September 2023

Abstract

This study examined the impact of inventory management on the profitability of a manufacturing company. A case study research design was applied on the inventory system of a reputable manufacturing company. The secondary data employed in this study was collected from the financial statement the company for the period 2015-2020, in which the data were analysed using the Multiple linear regression model. The result shows that Raw Material Cost and Storage Cost are having negative and insignificant relationship on the profitability of a manufacturing company. On the other hand, Inventory Conversion Period is having a positive and significant relationship on the Returns on Assets. The study therefore recommended that the management of manufacturing companies need to adopt proper inventory management systems in order to control raw materials costs, reduced the working capital cycle, and minimize storage cost such as holding costs, ordering costs among others hence increasing company profitability.

Keywords: Inventory Management, Manufacturing companies, Inventories, Storage costs.
Hormonal (sGRnH) Doses Optimization with the Ages of Brood Fish in Induced Breeding of Mystus tengara (Hamilton, 1822)
Authors:   Department of Aquaculture, Faculty of Fisheries, Chattogram Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Rahman Mohammad Redwanur , Jesmine Saleha ,   Department of Fisheries, Faculty of Agriculture, Rajshahi University, Rajshahi, Bangladesh
Published: September 2023

The age of brood fish is an inevitable factor in induced breeding technology worldwide. This study aimed to determine the optimal age for M. tengara for induced breeding and identify the most suitable age based on hormonal doses. Three age groups (1, 1.5, and 2-year-old) of brood fishes were used as three different treatments (T1, T2, and T3), with 0.8 ml kg-1, 1 ml.kg-1, and 1.2 ml kg-1 body doses of Ovasis (sGRnH) as the replications (R1, R2, and R3) of each treatment. Results showed that the highest mean fertilization rate (77.5 ± 1.73 %) was achieved in T1R2 for 1-year-old fish, while 1 ml kg-1 dose was ideal for them. For 1.5-year-old M. tengara, the highest mean fertilization rate was observed in T2R1 (79.25 ± 2.99 %) with 0.8 ml kg-1 dose being the most suitable. Two-year-old fish had the highest mean fertilization rate in T3R1 and T3R2 (76.25 ± 5.5 %) in June. Based on the fertilization rate and hatching rate, 1 ml kg-1 dose was identified as ideal for 1-year-old, and 0.8 ml kg-1 was suitable for 1.5-year-old M. tengara. Among all the treatments, T2R1 (1.5 year age, 0.8 ml kg-1) showed the highest hatching rate (78.25 ± 2.36 %) and most successful breeding performance over the study period, and June was identified as the best time for induced breeding. This scientific evidence provides valuable insight into the optimal age and hormonal doses for M. tengara in induced breeding technology
BLOCKADE OF THE ACE2-RECEPTOR IN THE HIPPOCAMPAL CULTURE OF 5XFAD MICE AS A POTENTIAL MODEL OF THE EFFECTS OF SARS-COV-2 ON THE BRAINS OF ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE PATIENTS
Authors:   Institute of Cell Biophysics of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Bobkova N.V. , Zhdanova D.Y. ,   Institute of Cell Biophysics of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Kovalev V.I. ,   Institute of Cell Biophysics of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Chaplygina A.V. ,   Institute of Cell Biophysics of the Russian Academy of Sciences
Published: September 2023

This article discusses the use of a direct ACE-2-receptor inhibitor as a model for the condi-tions that occur in the brains of Alzheimer's disease patients when infected with SARS-CoV-2. Original experimental data on the use of ACE-2-receptor blockade in primary hippocam-pal cell culture of 5xFAD mice are presented.
SYNAPTOSOMAL PREPARATION FOR MITOCHONDRIAL DELIVERY AS A POTENTIAL AGENT FOR ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE THERAPY
Authors:   Lomonosov Moscow State Univercity Faculty of Biotechnology, Dashkova A.S. , Kovalev V.I. ,   Institute of Cell Biophysics of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Chaplygina A.V. ,   Institute of Cell Biophysics of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Zhdanova D.Y. ,   Institute of Cell Biophysics of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Bobkova N.V. ,   Institute of Cell Biophysics of the Russian Academy of Sciences
Published: September 2023

In the article, the application of synaptosomes isolated from the brain as a means for mitochondrial delivery and restoration of mitobiogenesis for the therapy of Alzheimer's disease is discussed. Exper-imental data on the application of synaptosomes in mice with the 5XFAD model of Alzheimer's dis-ease are presented for the first time.
CHANGE IN LIPOFUSCIN LEVELS IN AN ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE MODEL WITH AGE
Authors:   Institute of Cell Biophysics of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Zhdanova D.Yu. , Kovalev V.I. ,   Institute of Cell Biophysics of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Chaplygina A.V. ,   Institute of Cell Biophysics of the Russian Academy of Sciences
Published: September 2023

The article discusses the change in the level of lipofuscin in 5xFAD mice, a model of Alzhei-mer's disease (AD), as well as in non-transgenic animals in the heart in different age groups. The results obtained showed that the accumulation of beta-amyloid (1-42) in the AD model contributes to an increase in the content of lipofuscin in the heart, which can cause further development of complications and pathological processes.
PARALLEL DEVELOPMENT OF BIOLOGY AND PHYSICS IN SCIENCE HISTORY
Authors:   Bach Institute of Biochemistry, Federal Research Center of Biotechnology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Topunov A.F. , Kosmachevskaya O.V. ,   Bach Institute of Biochemistry, Federal Research Center of Biotechnology, Russian Academy of Sciences
Published: September 2023

When considering the history of biology and physics, one can see parallelism in the main stages of their development, up to the proximity of dates of the most important discoveries. Therefore, the widespread opinion that almost all the time it was physics that was the science leader is not entirely true. Interestingly, the early stages of biology development were often preceded by corresponding stages of medicine, and the stages of physics – by astronomy.
MUTANTS OF CYANOBACTERIA TRICHORMUS VARIABILIS ATCC29413 TOLERANT TO ELEVATED TEMPERATURE OF CULTIVATION
Authors:   Lomonosov Moscow State University, Emets E. V. , Mikheeva L. E. ,   Lomonosov Moscow State University
Published: September 2023

The article discusses the comparative characterization of the new mutant strains of nitrogen-fixing cyanobacterium Trihormus variabilis selected at elevated temperature under hetero-trophic cultivation conditions.
USING MC TOPAS FOR DESIGNING SYSTEMS FOR THE FORMATION OF DOSE DISTRIBUTIONS FOR PROTON RADIATION THERAPY COMPLEXES
Authors:   National Research Centre ", Chernykh А.N. ,   Kurchatov Institute", Kostjuchenko V. I. ,   National Research Centre "Kurchatov Institute", Zhidkov D.A. ,   National Research Centre "Kurchatov Institute", Krasilshchikov K.S. ,   National Research Centre "Kurchatov Institute"
Published: September 2023

Discusses the possibilities of using the MC TOPAS and GEANT4 libraries for design of dose dis-tribution generation systems. It is shown that both passive and dynamic elements can be modeled. Variants of various device that can be used for irradiation in oncophthalmological targets are pre-sented
PROTOPLAN: A DOSIMETRIC PLANNING SYSTEM
Authors:   Petersburg nuclear physics institute of the NRC “Kurchatov insti-tute”, Vaganyan L.G. , Verbenko V.N. ,   Petersburg nuclear physics institute of the NRC “Kurchatov insti-tute”, Kuzora N.A. ,   Petersburg nuclear physics institute of the NRC “Kurchatov insti-tute”, Maksimov V.I. ,   Petersburg nuclear physics institute of the NRC “Kurchatov insti-tute”, Pak F.A. ,   Petersburg nuclear physics institute of the NRC “Kurchatov insti-tute”, Khalikov A.I. ,   Petersburg nuclear physics institute of the NRC “Kurchatov insti-tute”
Published: September 2023

The article presents the main capabilities and characteristic features of a digital system for dose-anatomical planning of stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) by the on through-method with a narrow proton beam of SC-1000 having an energy of 1 GeV. The development overcomes the shortcomings of technical solutions that existed in the PNPI and determines the vector of further development of SRS.
MEASURING THE PRESSURE OF THE TONGUE ON THE PALATE USING A FIBER-OPTIC MICROSENSOR
Authors:   Penza State University, Murashkina T.I. , Badeeva E.A. ,   Penza State University, Vasiliev Yu.A. ,   Kuban State Medical University, Parshikova T.V. ,   Penza State University, Plotnikova E.Y. ,   Kuban State Medical University, Istomina Tatiana Viktorovna ,   Moscow Power Engineering Institute
Published: September 2023

A technique for measuring the pressure of the tongue on the palate in maxillofacial patholo-gies using a fiber-optic pressure microsensor is proposed, providing high accuracy, repro-ducibility and reliability of measurement results. The method takes into account the age, gender of patients. It is proposed to measure pressure at different positions of the tongue in the oral cavity.
LIPOFUSCIN ACCUMULATION IN THE LIVER OF 5XFAD MICE AS A PERIPHYRIC BIOMARKER OF ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE
Authors:   Institute of Cell Biophysics of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Chaplygina A.V. , Kovalev V.I. ,   Institute of Cell Biophysics of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Zhdanova D.Y. ,   Institute of Cell Biophysics of the Russian Academy of Sciences
Published: September 2023

This article discusses the age-related accumulation of hepatic lipofuscin in animals with a model of Alzheimer's disease. We present original experimental data showing a difference in the age-related accumulation of lipofuscin in the liver of 5xFAD mice and healthy mice.
GENETIC DEMOGRAPHIC APPROACH FOR CREATING FORENSIC DATA BASES FOR POPULATION OF MEGALOPOLIS
Authors:   N.I. Vavilov Institute of General Genetics, Russian academy of sciences, Udina I.G , Gacheva A.S ,   N.I. Vavilov Institute of General Genetics, Russian academy of sciences,   V.A. Negovskii Research Institute of general resuscitation, Vasiliev Yu.А. ,   Kubanskii State Medical University, Gulenko O. V. ,   Kubanskii State Medical University, Kurbatova O.L ,   N.I. Vavilov Institute of General Genetics, Russian academy of sciences
Published: September 2023

Genetic demographic approach for creating forensic reference data base on an example of three generations of male population of Moscow by haplogroups of Y-chromosome was demonstrated. Obtained results demonstrate necessity of genetic demographic questionnaire data collection for creating reference data bases for population of megalopolis and im-portance of age factor.
EFFECT OF DEUTERIUM REDUCTION IN BODY CONTENT ON CONCENTRATION OF HEMOGLOBIN IN ERYTHROCYTES
Authors:   A.P. Avtsyn Research Institute of Human Morphology of Federal State Budg-etary Scientific Institution “Petrovsky National Research Centre of Surgery”, Timokhina E.P. , Yaglova N.V. ,   A.P. Avtsyn Research Institute of Human Morphology of Federal State Budg-etary Scientific Institution “Petrovsky National Research Centre of Surgery”, Obernikhin S.S. ,   A.P. Avtsyn Research Institute of Human Morphology of Federal State Budg-etary Scientific Institution “Petrovsky National Research Centre of Surgery”
Published: September 2023

The article represents novel data on effects of deuterium reduction in body content on syn-thesis of hemoglobin in erythrocytes. Consumption of deuterated water during 1.5 months re-sulted in increased concentration of hemoglobin and mean concentration of hemoglobin in erythrocytes.
DEUTERIUM: REGULATOR OR DISRUPTOR OF THYROID FUNCTION?
Authors:   A.P. Avtsyn Research Institute of Human Morphology of Federal State Budg-etary Scientific Institution “Petrovsky National Research Centre of Surgery”, Yaglova N.V. , Obernikhin S.S. ,   A.P. Avtsyn Research Institute of Human Morphology of Federal State Budg-etary Scientific Institution “Petrovsky National Research Centre of Surgery”, Yaglov V.V. ,   A.P. Avtsyn Research Institute of Human Morphology of Federal State Budg-etary Scientific Institution “Petrovsky National Research Centre of Surgery”
Published: September 2023

The article discusses novel data on impact of altered deuterium body content on endocrine function. The paper represents the results of investigation of thyroid hormones and pituitary thyroid stimulating hormone production during gradual increase of deuterium body content. The research revealed sensitivity of the endocrine glands to changes in deuterium content. The revealed findings are considered from the point of view of the regulatory and dysregula-tory aspects of action of the hydrogen isotope on hormone genesis.
ON THE ISSUE OF THE FORMATION OF IRON DEFICIENCY ANEMIA IN PATIENTS WHO HAVE UNDERGONE COVID-19
Authors:   Kuban State University, Zolotavina M. L. , Gaidabura E.A. ,   Kuban State University
Published: September 2023

The article is devoted to the study of the dynamics of changes in biochemical parameters of blood serum against the background of the formation of anemia associated with COVID-19. These studies help to determine the mechanism of anemia formation after COVID-19 and prescribe therapy for its further treatment.
MORPHOLOGICAL FEATURES OF THE REGENERATE OF ISCHEMIC SKIN DEFECT ON DAY 23 AFTER TRANSPLANTATION OF DERMAL FIBROBLASTS AND SURFACTANT
Authors:   The Institute “Medical Academy named after S.I. Georgievsky” “V.I. Vernadsky Crimean Federal University”, Shapovalova E.Y. , Dyishlevaya L.M. ,   The Institute “Medical Academy named after S.I. Georgievsky” “V.I. Vernadsky Crimean Federal University”, Boyko T.A. ,   The Institute “Medical Academy named after S.I. Georgievsky” “V.I. Vernadsky Crimean Federal University”, Baranjvskiy Yu.G. ,   The Institute “Medical Academy named after S.I. Georgievsky” “V.I. Vernadsky Crimean Federal University”, Harchenko S.V. ,   The Institute “Medical Academy named after S.I. Georgievsky” “V.I. Vernadsky Crimean Federal University”, Demyanenko I.A. ,   The Institute “Medical Academy named after S.I. Georgievsky” “V.I. Vernadsky Crimean Federal University”, Lugin I.A. ,   The Institute “Medical Academy named after S.I. Georgievsky” “V.I. Vernadsky Crimean Federal University”
Published: September 2023

The paper discusses the effect of a tissue-engineered construct consisting of pulmonary sur-factant and dermal allofibroblasts on the regeneration of a model ischemic skin defect. Orig-inal morphological studies of biopsy specimens of a healing wound on the 23rd day of repar-ative regeneration are presented. The study of the thickness of the epidermis, collagen for-mation and vascularization of biopsy specimens from the control and experimental groups using morphological and statistical methods showed that the tissue engineering structure ac-celerates the reparative histogenesis of skin tissues, partially restores the coat and the archi-tectonics of collagen fibers in the dermal layers of the biopsy specimens.
SPASTIC CONDITIONS OF THE SPINE MUSCLES. CAUSES AND PREVENTION
Authors:   Candidate of Biological Sciences, Senior Researcher, Research Institute of General Pathology and Pathophysiology, Cherkasov A.D. , Petrova E.N. ,   Institute for Information Transmission Problems (Kharkevich Institute),  Russian Academy of Sciences
Published: September 2023

The article discusses the causes of spastic conditions of the intervertebral muscles. We be-lieve that spastic conditions of the intervertebral muscles and osteochondrosis of the spine are caused by an unknown neurotoxin produced by the intestinal microflora. Spastic condi-tions of the muscles of the spine and the resulting osteochondrosis of the spine can be pre-vented by changing the intestinal microflora.
POSSIBLE ROLE OF NO2 IN DEATH OF NEURONS DURING GANGLIA TRANSPLANTATION
Authors:   Institute of Higher Nervous Activity and Neurophysiol-ogy of Russian Academy of Sciences, Reutov V.P. , Davydova L.A. ,   Belarusian State Medical University, Sorokina E.G. ,   National Medical Research Center for Children’s Health of the Ministry of Health of the  Russian Federation
Published: September 2023

During ganglion transplantation, some neurons undergo pathological changes under the in-fluence of ischemia, decentralization, and damage of axons, up to and including their death. The purpose of this article is to analyze the existing problem in order to prevent or reduce the death of neurons, which can lead to the death of animals in the experiment and patients in the clinic.
Application of library database management systems in university libraries in Southeastern Nigeria
Authors: Obiano Doris Chinyere , Ekere Justina Ngozi , Chima-James Ngozi , Nwosu Judith Chioma , Nworie Josiah Chukwumaobi , Okoro Okee
Published: September 2023

This study assessed the applications of library database management systems in academic libraries in Southeastern Nigeria. Two research questions bordering on the objectives of the study and two hypotheses drawn from the study research questions were formulated to guide the study. The study employed survey research design of the inferential type. The area of the study is the Southeastern Nigeria. The population and sample of the study comprises thirty-nine (39) academic libraries, consisting of 17 federal and 22 state owned university libraries. The sampling technique employed is census enumeration method due to the population size. The instrument used for data collection is a researcher-made rating scale entitled “Application of Database Management System Rating Scale (DBMSRS)”. The instrument was validated by three experts and found to have face validity. The internal consistency coefficient of 0.84 was computed for DBMSRS using Kuder-Richardson formula twenty. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics (frequency count and proportion) and t-test statistics. The finding of the study revealed among others that the proportion of university libraries that adopt library database management systems is low and less encouraging and that academic libraries in federal universities make use of library database management systems more than academic libraries in state universities. Based on the findings it was recommended that academic libraries both federal and state should be funded properly, and staff trained to adhere to global services obtained in academic libraries by adopting library database management systems, in order to shift away from the traditional print materials.