bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Axillary Ultrasound as Preoperative Staging in Clinical Negative Axillary Lymph Node Breast Cancer Patient
Authors: Javid M. S. , Barry M.
Published: July 2021

Objective: To determine the diagnostic accuracy of axillary US as a preoperative investigation by comparing it with the histology outcome of nodal status. Methods: This validation analysis was conducted in Mater Misericordia university hospital, Dublin Ireland form Feb 2007 to Feb 2015. All female patients with impalpable axillary lymph node and histology proven unifocal breast cancer between ages 18 to 75 years were included. Patients with the diagnosis of breast cancer were followed with Ultrasound imaging and results in Picture Archiving and communication system (PACS) and histology was confirmed using the patient center data base in both preoperative and postoperative course of breast cancer, including both sentinel lymph nodes and axillary lymph nodes. Results: A total of 625 patients had axillary ultrasound (US) to assess the preoperative axillary nodal status with mean age of 56±12 years. cN0 was diagnosed in 469 (75%) cases, cN1 in 136 (21.8%) cases and cN2 in 20 (3.2%) cases. After negative axillary ultrasound cN0 pathology shows positive pN2 and pN3 disease in 14 (2.9%) cases with the NPV of 97.01%. Axillary ultrasound had shown cN1 disease in 136 cases with the pathology outcome of pN2 and pN3 in 41 (30.14%) cases with the negative predictive value (NPV) of 69.85%. The overall sensitivity and specificity of the axillary US in detection of the positive node was 51.6% and 92.8% with PPV of 82.69% and NPV of 74.2%. Conclusion: Axillary US is a useful modality for screening of breast cancer patients. The negative US findings exclude the presence of advanced nodal disease. However, it cannot accurate distinguish between pN1 and pN2 or pN3 nodal disease. Keywords: Axillary ultrasound, Axillary lymph nodes, Breast cancer.
Requirements for paying attention and effectiveness to foreign criminal laws and sentences in the national territory: Developments, obstacles and solutions
Authors: Ghazani M. B.
Published: July 2021

The comprehensive application of the principle of sovereignty of territories in the territory by the instrument of criminal jurisdiction, despite the justifications for it, has changed, so that the effectiveness of foreign laws and rulings in recent years in the light of human rights concepts and fair trial standards have been adjusted. Many countries have relinquished their sovereignty by anticipating examples of foreign law enforcement and have preferred the interests of the accused. The impact of our country's criminal law on this process has gone through various stages, from absolute silence to It has a logical effectiveness and absolute denial and finally a slow move towards international standards in its record. The conditions of the appointed judge, the rule of denying the mustache and some unreasonable precautions of the legislator in this regard can be seen as an obstacle to the evolution of our country's criminal law to expand the spatial context. Keyword: Foreign Judgments, Effectiveness, Foreign Criminal Law
Exploring the experience of medical faculty members about the challenges of academic faculty promotion system in the Iranian context: a qualitative study
Authors: Didehban H. , Mirzazadeh A. , Khankeh H. R.
Published: July 2021

Background: Faculties' academic promotion process plays a significant role in career development and organizational change. Studies have indicated that this process is stressful and tense in the Iranian context. This study aimed to identify factors affecting medical faculty academic promotion at Tehran University of Medical Science. Methods: In this qualitative content analysis, 15 faculties at Tehran University of Medical Sciences were studied during 2016-2018. Purpose full sampling used for selecting participants. Data collection was performed using semi-structured interviews and demographic information. The collected data were analyzed through constant comparison analysis using grounded theory data analysis being recommended by Corbin and Strauss 2008. Results: Based on the experiences of participants, the factor affecting medical faculties academic promotion fit in two themes: problems in evaluation process and structural problems in promotion process. The first main theme consists of four main categories, i.e. “quantitative evaluation and objectivity "-'' necessity of differential evaluation "-'' lack of attention to the consequence" and other problems of evaluation area”. The other theme has the following main categories: “high research orientation in regulation "-" necessity of re-defining the promotion indicators"-"mandatory in promotion process" and " lack of attention to occupational problems of faculties”. Each category will have its subcategories. Conclusion: The results indicated that faculties are facing many problems in the field of academic promotion and need to improve the laws, evaluate qualitatively, pay more attention to education criteria, and redefine cultural and executive criteria. Keywords: Academic promotion, medical faculty, medical university, content analysis, challenge
Challenges of the Relative Value Unit Experience in Iran: A Qualitative Study
Authors: Forootan S. , Hajebrahimi S. , Najafi B. , Janati A.
Published: July 2021

Background: The Relative Value Unit (RVU) is a value scale and plays a key role in the physician reimbursement system. The health sector has faced challenges such as providers’ dissatisfaction, income disparities, and reduced service quality which is said to be due to improper RVUs. Always there are debates about it. This study aims to identify the challenges of the RVU experience in Iran from the perspective of the service providers, payers and, policymakers. Methods: This qualitative study was conducted in 2020. Data were collected from November 2019 to February 2020. Thirty experts participated in the study and were categorized into four groups: insurance organizations’ managers, surgeons, health economists, and health policymakers. Focus Group Discussions and semi-structured interviews were held to collect data. Content analysis was conducted to analyze data. Results: According to the expert, the challenges of RVU in Iran are classified into five scopes. Financial, payment, macro-organization, regulation, and persuasion scope. Each scope’s result was categorized into main themes and relevant sub-themes. Conclusions: The RVU has an important impact on the health system, provider behavior, and even patients. Paying attention to required infrastructures, decision- makers’ conflict of interests, decrease the Ministry of Health and Medical Education’s authority, and expanding the active role of involved organizations to increase their commitment to the successful implantation of RVU is necessary. Keywords: Relative Value Unit, Challenge, Expert opinion, Qualitative study, Iran.
Nursing Intervention in Decrease of Blood Cholesterol and Blood Pressure in The Lansia Group Provided Cupping Therapy in The Village of Wedomartani Sleman
Authors: . Suwarsi
Published: July 2021

Background: Much alternative therapy such as cupping therapy in the community as one of the cheap treatment efforts without side effects makes the challenge and the goal for nursing staff improve nursing services. The unfinished scientific verification of cupping therapy's alternative therapy makes nurses need to prove decreased blood pressure and cholesterol levels in the elderly. Objective: Scientific proof of cholesterol and blood pressure decrease after Cupping Therapy in an elderly group in Wedomartani Village, Sleman Yogyakarta Indonesia. Method: quantitative type with pseudo experimental research design. Pre-test and Post-test nonequivalent control group. The treatment group was given wet cupping therapy, while the control group was given dry cupping. Respondents were selected using a purposive sampling technique. Blood pressure measurement uses a digital tensimeter and cholesterol measurement using a digital blood cholesterol level measuring device. Results: The elderly blood cholesterol levels after the average therapy decreased 42.89 mg/dl, whereas blood cholesterol levels in the control group decreased an average of 20.95 mg/dl. The blood pressure of the elderly systole in the intervention group after the average therapy decreased 10.74 mmHg, whereas the control group's systole blood pressure decreased an average of 1.58 mmHg. Diastole blood pressure in the treatment group decreased 3,48 mmHg, in the diastole blood pressure control group increased 5,26 mmHg. Conclusions: Wet and dry cupping are both significantly associated with decreased blood cholesterol and blood pressure levels, but wet cupping lowers blood cholesterol levels by a mean difference of 21.95 mg/dl and mean systole blood pressure of 3.74 mmHg and pressure diastole blood difference of mean 9.1 mmHg. Keyword: Blood Pressure. Cupping Therapy, Cholesterol, Elderly
Nutrition Education and Antioxidant Adequacy for People with HIV/ AIDS in Sardjito Hospital
Authors: Noviani N. E.
Published: July 2021

Background: Micronutrient is very important as an antioxidant for people with HIV/AIDS. It supports the immune system. Vitamin A, Vitamin C, and Zinc are micronutrients that work as antioxidants. People’s knowledge about nutrition influences the adequacy of antioxidant sources like vitamins and minerals. Objective: The research aims to define the correlation between nutrition education and antioxidant adequacies like zinc, vitamin A and vitamin C of people with HIV/AIDS in Sardjito Hospital. Method: This was an observational study with a cross-sectional design. Samples were HIV/AIDS outpatients registered in Polyclinic Edelweis in Sardjito Hospital in early 2011. The number of samples was 72 respondents selected purposively. A questionnaire about a balanced diet measured nutrition education. Antioxidant adequacy consisted of Zinc, Vitamin A, and vitamin C and was calculated by Semi-Quantitative Food Frequency Questionnaire (SQ-FFQ). Spearman correlation was used to analyze the connection between nutrition knowledge and nutrition adequacy. A focused group discussion (FGD) was used to complete nutrition knowledge and food habit in two groups (males and females) to support the data. Result: There was no connection among sex, age, education, occupation, marital status, and opportunistic infection with vitamin A, vitamin C, and zinc adequacy (p>0,05). Only one-quarter of the total respondents had good nutrition education in a balanced diet. 62,5% of respondents were fulfilled with vitamin A, but almost 70% of the respondents did not meet vitamin C, and 86,1% had low adequacy in Zinc. Based on Spearman correlation, there was no correlation between nutrition education and antioxidant adequacy. Conclusion: Nutrition knowledge has no relationship with antioxidant adequacy. Different individual nutrition knowledge was possibly influenced by dietary practice and nutrition adequacy. Keywords: antioxidant, vitamin A, Vitamin C, Zinc, nutrition education
The Correlation Between Coping Mechanisms and Stress Levels in Childbearing Women with Infertility
Authors: Putri S. W. , Dwihestie L. K.
Published: July 2021

Background: In Indonesia, in 2012, there were 39.8 million fertile age couples, 10-15% of whom were declared infertile. Infertility often develops into a social problem because the wife is considered to be the cause. Coping mechanisms are used in dealing with stress infertility. Aim: This study aims to determine the relationship between coping mechanisms and stress levels in childbearing women with infertility at PKU Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta Hospital. Method: Research design using cross-sectional. The sampling technique with total sampling found 38 female respondents of childbearing age with infertility—data collection with DASS 42 instrument and Brief Cope 28. Data analysis used Kendall's tau. Results: The results showed that the p-value was 0.002 <0.005, and the Correlation Coefficient value was 0.516. Conclusion: There is a relationship between coping mechanisms and stress levels in childbearing women with infertility at PKU Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta Hospital with moderate closeness. Keywords: coping mechanisms, infertility, stress level
The Correlation of Pregnant Women's Knowledge Regarding Cosmetics and the Use of Face Cream
Authors: Yubiah T. , Sulami N. , edah Nurha
Published: July 2021

Background: The knowledge of pregnant women about cosmetics' dangers is still shallow; this is because pregnant women mostly have never consulted a dermatologist regarding the cosmetic products they use. Aim: This study aimed to determine the relationship between pregnant women's knowledge about cosmetics and the use of facial cream. Method: This research applied an analytical survey with a cross-sectional approach. The study samples were 40 pregnant women taken from a population of 44 pregnant women who used facial cream with Slovin formula and a purposive sampling technique that met the inclusion criteria. The instrument used questionnaires. Results: Data analyzed by the Chi-Square test showed bivariate results (ρ = 0.001) <0.05 indicating that there were relationships between 2 variables. Conclusion: In conclusion, there was a relationship between maternal knowledge about cosmetics and the use of facial cream in the Bre Village of Palibelo Primary Health Center in 2017. Keywords: Knowledge, Pregnant women, Cosmetics
The Depiction of Sexual Function during Third Trimester of Pregnancy
Authors: Ratnasari R. , Putri N. P. V.
Published: July 2021

Background: Pregnant women often ask about sexual activity during pregnancy and the consequences curred during sexual activity. Sexual activity can occur during pregnancy, but the frequency is very varied, decreasing along with increasing gestational age. Aim: This study aims to know third-trimester pregnant woman's sexual function. This study was performed in“Siti Fauziah” Midwifery Health Care. Method: The study design used descriptive analysis in which researchers were eager to describe the sexual function of third-trimester pregnant women. Results: Results obtained 12 respondents (46.15%) in the category of low sexual function, nine respondents (34.61%) in the category of moderate sexual function, and five respondents (19.23%) had a useful sexual function. keywords: Function of Sexual activity, Pregnancy
Short Term Effectiveness of Intraarticular Injection of Methylprednisolone Acetate in Subacromial Impingement Syndrome in A Tertiary Care Hospital
Authors: Zardad M. S. , Awan A. S. , Khan A. , Bhattani M. A. E. , Shah S. A. , Hussain A.
Published: July 2021

Objective: To determine the effectiveness of intraarticular injection of methylprednisolone acetate in subacromial impingement syndrome. Study Design: Descriptive Case Series Place and Duration: Study was conducted in Orthopaedic Unit Ayub Medical Teaching Institute Abbottabad and MTI, Hayatabad Medical Complex Peshawar for one year duration from February 2020 to February 2021. Methods: Total 100 patients of newly diagnosed subacromial impingement syndrome were enrolled in this study. Patients were aged between 20-60 years. Patients details demographics age, sex and body mass index were recorded after taking informed written consent. Patients did not receive any treatment before were included. Effectiveness of intraarticular injection of methyl prednisolone acetate was measured by using visual analogue scale (VAS) for pain intensity from 0 to 10 by VAS score after 4 weeks.Completedata was analyzed by SPSS 22.0 version. Results: Mean age of the patients was 38.14±7.44 years with mean BMI 25.64±18.9kg/m2. Among 100 cases, 75 (75%) patients were males and 25 (25%) were females. Diabetic patients were 25 (25%) and 14 (14%) patients were gout among all cases. Mean VAS score before treatment was 6.14±4.84 and after treatment VAS score was reduced to 4.41± 3.64. After follow up of 4 weeks VAS score was decreased to 1.11±3.65. Satisfaction among patients were 90 (90%). Conclusion: We concluded in this study that for the treatment of subacromial impingement syndrome, intraarticularinjection of methylprednisolone acetate was effective and useful. It was also observed that VAS score among patients were reduced significantly with should pain. Keywords: Intra articular methylprednisolone injection, Subacromial impingement syndrome, Effectiveness, Visual analogue scale
Determine the Mean Duration of Union in Femoral Shaft Fracture in Children Treated with Elastic Intra-Medullary Nailing
Authors: Zardad M. S. , Younas M. , Shah S. A. , Muhammad I. , Ullah M. , Hussain A.
Published: July 2021

Objective: The aim of this study is to determine the functional outcomes and mean duration of union in femoral shaft fracture in children treated with elastic intra-medullary nailing. Study Design:Retrospective Place and Duration: Conducted at Orthopaedic Unit Ayub Medical Teaching Institute Abbottabad and District Headquarter Teaching Hospital Gomal Medical College Dera Ismail Khan for duration from May 2020 to January 2021 (09 months). Methods: Total sixty eight patients with age ranges between 5-12 years were presented in this study. Patients detailed demographics age, sex and BMI were calculated after taking informed written consent. Complete patients were treated with elastic intramedullary nailing. Radiological assessment was done. Mean union time and complications associated to procedure were examined. Functional outcomes were analyzed according to the Flyn’s criteria. Follow-up was taken at 8 months postoperatively. Complete data was analyzed by SPSS 22.0 version. Results: Out of 68 patients, there were 48 (68.6%) males and 20 (31.4%) females. Most of the patients 41 (60.35) were aged between 8-12 years and the rest 27 (39.65%) were between 5-8 years.34 (50%) fractures were caused because of road accidents, falling from height were 20 (29.41%), due to sports were 10 (14.70%) and 4 (5.9%) were due to simple fall. 32 (47.06%) patients had left side fracture and 36 (52.94%) had right side fracture. Mean union time among patients was 4.14±2.72 months and there was no any case of non union. According to Flyn’s criteria, 50 (73.53%) cases had excellent results, 14 (20.6%) patients had good and fair results were among 4 (5.9%) cases. Complications were observed bone stiffness, delayed union and varus deformity among all cases. Conclusion: We concluded in this study thatElastic intramedullary nailing for femoral shaft fractures in children is safe and effective treatment modality. Union of bone achieved all the patients and majority of patients had excellent functional outcomes. Keywords: Femoral shaft fractures, Children, Elastic intra-medullary nail
Sürdürülebilir Turizm Hareketi Olarak Slow Food: Germiyan Örneği
Authors: DEMİR Burcu
Published: July 2021

İtalya’da 1986 yılında başlayan Slow Food Hareketi, 1989 yılında uluslararası boyuta ulaşmıştır. Dünyada 160 üye ülkesi bulunan bu hareket daha kaliteli bir yaşamı amaçlamaktadır. “Sürdürülebilirlik” kavramı 1980’lerde gündeme gelmiştir ve Slow Food Hareketi ile benzer amaç ve ilkelere sahiptir. Çalışmada Slow Food Hareketi ve sürdürülebilir turizm bir arada ele alınmıştır. Geleceği korumaya yönelik bu iki alanın birlikte sağladığı yararları araştırmak, Slow Food Hareketi’nin turizm ve günlük yaşam açısından Germiyan’da yarattığı etkiyi incelemek amaçlanmıştır. Araştırma alanı olarak Türkiye’nin ilk ve tek Slow Food Köyü Germiyan seçilmiştir, araştırma yöntemi olarak yarı yapılandırılmış görüşme ve yapılandırılmamış gözlem teknikleri kullanılmıştır. Çalışma grubu için seçilen kişiler amaçlı örneklem yöntemlerinden ölçüt örnekleme yöntemiyle belirlenmiştir. Germiyan’ın yerel halkından sekiz kişi ve Slow Food Hareketi’ne öncülük eden Çeşme Rotary Kulübü eski üyelerinden iki kişi ile görüşme gerçekleştirilmiştir. Görüşmeler iki haftalık zaman diliminde yürütülmüştür. Yapılandırılmamış gözlem tekniği Beşinci Germiyan Festivali ve görüşmeler esnasında kullanılmıştır. Yapılan gözlemlerin ana amacı festival süresince ve festival dışında köy sakinlerinin ziyaretçilere karşı sözlü ve sözlü olmayan tutumlarının, satış yapan ve işletme sahibi olan bireylerin davranışlarının incelenmesi ve karşılıklı iletişimlerinin gözlemlenmesidir. Elde edilen bulgular doğrultusunda Slow Food Hareketi’nin turizmde ve günlük yaşamda olumlu yönde değişiklikler gerçekleştirdiği, yerel halkın kendi içindeki iletişimini kuvvetlendirdiği, ekonomik katkı sağladığı sonucuna varılmıştır. Bunun yanı sıra ekonomik yönün ağır basmasıyla birlikte ürünlerin fiyatlarının yükseltilmesi, doğal olmayan ürünlerin satılması, kültürel dokunun bozulması gibi hareketin amaçlarına ters düşen etmenler olumsuz sonuçlar arasında yer almıştır.
Book reviews
Authors: Rasnic Carol Daugherty , McCutcheon J Paul , Kennedy T P , Walker Clive
Published: July 2021

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Reflections on the development in Britain of interdisciplinary approches to law: utility and disutility
Authors: Ogus Anthony
Published: July 2021

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Negligence in the public sphere: is clarity possible
Authors: Buckley R A
Published: July 2021

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Modernising the regulation of water pollution in Northern Ireland
Authors: Turner Sharon
Published: July 2021

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Waiver of rights and state paternalism under the European Convention on Human Rights
Authors: Schutter Oliver De
Published: July 2021

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Book reviews
Authors: Finlay John , Guelke Adrian , Dawson Norma , Stannard John E
Published: July 2021

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Equality issues
Authors: Beirne Maggie
Published: July 2021

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Not the way forward: some comments on the Northern Ireland Human Rights Commission's consultation document
Authors: McCrudden Christoper
Published: July 2021

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Matrimonial property and Irish law: a case for community?
Authors: Buckley Lucy-Ann
Published: July 2021

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The disqualification of unfit directors and the protection of the public interest
Authors: Griffin Stephen
Published: July 2021

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Paying the consequences
Authors: McCord Michael
Published: July 2021

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The Human Rights Act and local government: keeping the courts at bay
Authors: Leyland Peter
Published: July 2021

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Book review
Authors: Pavlakos George
Published: July 2021

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Sistem Pendukung Keputusan Pemilihan Siswa Berprestasi Pada Aliyah Aras Kabu Agung Tanjungbalai Menggunakan Metode AHP
Authors: Dahriansah Dahriansah , Nata Andri , Harahap Indra Ramadona
Published: July 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk merekomendasikan siswa berprestasi pada Aliyah Aras Kabu Tanjungbalai berdasarkan kriteria yang ditentukan dengan menggunakan teknik sistem pendukung keputusan.. Teknik pengambilan keputusan multi kriteria ini didasarkan pada teori bahwa setiap alternatif terdiri dari sejumlah kriteria yang memiliki nilai-nilai dan setiap kriteria memiliki bobot yang menggambarkan seberapa penting kriteria tersebut dengan kriteria lain. Hasil akhir yang diperoleh dari sistem pendukung keputusan ini akan memberikan suatu alternatif, untuk merekomendasikan siswa berprestasi pada Aliyah Aras Kabu Tanjungbalai. Adapun Nama siswa berprestasi pada Aliyah Aras Kabu Menurut Pehitungan Metode AHP Adalah Dari hasil perhitungan yang dilakukan oleh sistem, didapat bahwa ada 1 (satu) siswa yang bisa dijadikan rekomendasi dari 4 (empat) data penelitian yang dilakukan. Siswa tersebut berinisial A4 dengan nilai tertinggi 1,000.
PERANCANGAN JAM DIGITAL DAN SISTEM BEL OTOMATIS PADA SEKOLAH DENGAN TEKNIK COUNTER BERBASIS MIKROKONTROLER
Authors: Aswin Muhamamd , Setiawan Dedi , Anwar Badrul , Syahputra Guntur
Published: July 2021

Bel adalah alat yang dapat mengeluarkan bunyi dering karena bagiannya dapat digerakkan oleh listrik atau udara. Pada beberapa sekolah yang memanfaatkan bel sebagai tanda masuk sekolah, pergantian jam pelajaran, istirahat, dan pelajaran berakhir. Di SMK Indonesia Membangun 1 Medan bel yang digunakan masih manual. Bel tersebut berbunyi ketika tombol bel di tekan sehingga membutuhkan operator tersendiri untuk mengoprasiannya. Terpaut pada faktor manusiawi terkadang bel berbunyi tidak tepat waktu yang menyebabkan pergantian jam tidak tepat sehingga proses pembelajaran tidak efisien.Melihat permasalahan tersebut, pembuatan sistem jam digital dan bel otomatis dengan teknik pencacah (counter) akan membantu meringankan pekerjaan petugas piket pada sekolah, dengan sistem yang user friendly dapat diatur atau dikonfigurasi melalui personal komputer untuk penjadwalannya.Hasil dari penelitian ini mampu mengatasi permasalahan dalam ketidak tepatan waktu pergantian pelajaran serta memperjelas pendengar terhadap tanda atau peringatan yang diberikan. Kemudian agar tercipta proses pembelajaran lebih efisien dan petugas piket tidak terbebani lagi dengan pengoprasian bel sekolah tersebut
COMPORTAMENTO SILVICULTURAL E DANOS EM MOGNO-AFRICANO (Khaya ivorensis A. Chev.) EM SISTEMA SILVIPASTORIL
Authors: Rondon Neto Rubens Marques , Kruger Rhuan Pierri Pachinski , Rodrigues Ana Karolina Queiroz
Published: July 2021

O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar o comportamento silvicultural e os danos nas cascas das árvores de mogno-africano (Khaya ivorensis A. Chev.) causados por bovinos em sistema silvipastoril, em Paranaíta/MT. Os modelos de plantios avaliados foram: 1) Modelo 1: linhas simples de K. ivorensis, no espaçamento 6 x 35 m; e 2) Modelo 2: linhas simples de eucalipto urograndis (Eucalyptus uroplhylla x E. grandis) associado com K. ivorensis, na proporção 3:1, no espaçamento 4 x 35 m. Em três parcelas foram amostrados um total de 60 e 36 indivíduos no modelo de plantio 1 e 2, respectivamente, mas foram selecionados 30 indivíduos aleatoriamente para análises estatísticas. Foram avaliadas as taxas de sobrevivência, crescimento em altura e diâmetro e área de copa. Também foram avaliados os danos nas cascas do tronco das árvores causadas pelos bovinos. Tais dados foram analisados estatisticamente pelo teste não paramétrico de Kruskal-Wallis, posteriormente foi aplicado o teste de Dunn. As médias das taxas de sobrevivência de K. ivorensis no modelo de plantio 1 foi de 86,5%, enquanto no modelo de plantio 2 cerca de 95,0% dos indivíduos se encontravam vivos. Em ambos os modelos de plantios todos os indivíduos de K. ivorensis sofreram algum tipo de lesão na casca do tronco causada pelos bovinos. Os danos na casca do tronco das árvores de K. ivorensis foram intensos independente do modelo de plantio em sistema silvipastoril, o que comprometeu o crescimento das árvores.
Expanding the faculty capacity to help meet the increased national demand resulting from the addition of nursing informatics in the baccalaureate program: A Philippines experience
Authors: Pajarillo Edmund J.Y. , Bonito Sheila R. , Paguio Jenniffer T. , Cariaso Josephine E.
Published: July 2021

With the increasing use of technology in health care and the inclusion of nursing informatics in the revised baccalaureate nursing program in the Philippines, there is a need to increase the number of faculty who can competently and confidently teach the course. This paper reports on the planning, development, implementation and evaluation of a professional development program, entitled “Teaching Nursing Informatics”, an eight-week course offered via distance learning using synchronous and asynchronous modes. Topics included concepts and theories that influenced the rise of nursing informatics, its metastructures, classification systems, system planning and design, data mining, population health and precision medicine, decision support, electronic medical records, point of care technologies, and other related topics. The course was taught using problem-based learning to help critically analyze real system and process issues that can be mitigated by nursing informatics concepts and technologies. Using project management principles, educator-participants developed group projects to integrate and demonstrate lessons learned in the program. The pedagogical approaches used were deemed effective and appropriate that course participants gave it high marks and positive feedback. Some challenges and opportunities in terms of content, pedagogy, and technology were also highlighted as factors that influence program outcomes. Teaching Nursing Informatics, offered through open and distance learning, can be replicated locally and globally. It is a viable and practical model that increases faculty capacity, confidence, and competence in educating nurses and nursing students in the fundamentals and applications of nursing informatics to enhance their professional practice and ability to provide safe patient care.
An advanced wellhead device for shock-wave treatment of the bottomhole zone
Authors:   «OPTIMUM» Design Institute LLP, Aktau, Kazakhstan, Baspaev E.T.
Published: July 2021

A newly designed wellhead device has been developed in order to reduce filtration resistance and restore the reservoir-to-well connectivity for shock-wave impact on the bottomhole formation zone. The device can be used for enhanced recovery of crude oil by reservoir stimulation through the well while well completion and well repairs. In this paper, the problem of increasing the frequency of closing and opening the wellhead device is solved through a reliable design and a constant and continuous lower pressure compressed air supply, which allows it to be used to create pressure and rarefaction shock waves in the well. The use of the developed device allows to put into production low-permeability and isolated zones, improving connectivity and thereby facilitating filtration in the «reservoir-well» system, which boosts enhanced oil recovery and reduces oil cost.
On the prospects for the use of CO2 to enhance oil recovery in the fields of Azerbaijan
Authors:   SOCAR Head Office, Baku, Azerbaijan, Valiyev N.A. , Jamalbayov M.А. ,   «OilGasScientificResearchProject» Institute, SOCAR, Baku, Azerbaijan, Ibrahimov Kh.M. ,   «OilGasScientificResearchProject» Institute, SOCAR, Baku, Azerbaijan, Hasanov I.R. ,   «OilGasScientificResearchProject» Institute, SOCAR, Baku, Azerbaijan
Published: July 2021

Studied modern scientific research and world practice of the use of carbon dioxide СО2 in order to intensify production and increase oil recovery. On its basis, taking into account the existing potential opportunities, the possibilities of using СО2 at most of the fields of Azerbaijan were studied, which were classified in terms of the use of СО2 technologies. Taking into account the presence of CO2 sources in Azerbaijan and its unique physicochemical features, great prospects for its application have been established in intensifying production and increasing oil recovery in the fields of Azerbaijan.
Conceptualizing a dual porosity occurrence in sandstones by utilizing various laboratory methods
Authors:   Ufa State Petroleum Technological University, Ufa, Russia, Urakov D.S. , Rahman S.S. ,   University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia, Tyson S. ,   University Teknologi Brunei, Jalan Tungku Link Gadong, Brunei Darussalam, Jami M. ,   University Teknologi Brunei, Jalan Tungku Link Gadong, Brunei Darussalam, Chudinova D.Yu. ,   Ufa State Petroleum Technological University, Ufa, Russia, Sultanov Sh.Kh. ,   Ufa State Petroleum Technological University, Ufa, Russia, Kotenev Y.A. ,   Ufa State Petroleum Technological University, Ufa, Russia
Published: July 2021

Dual porosity in sandstones is considered as a key parameter that controls hydrocarbon production. Understanding of distribution of secondary pores, might give some insights about the heterogeneity of the reservoir for a particular area and as a result can help to produce more oil applying more efficient well-planning and design techniques. The studied oilfield is located about 40 km offshore Brunei Darussalam. In order to find out mechanisms that could lead to the development of secondary pores number of studies was conducted including helium porosity measurements, Mercury Injection Capillary Pressure, Micro-CT images (µ-CT images), X-Ray Diffraction, Petrography analysis, Scanning Electron Microscopy with Energy Dispersive Spectroscopy and Focus Ion Beam Scanning Electron Microscopes. The results showed that effective porosity that was formed by secondary pores was caused by the erosion, fracturing, and dissolution of sedimentary grains, authigenic minerals that are a part of pore-filling cement, and authigenic replacive minerals.
Classification of residual oil reserves and methods of its recovery
Authors:   Ufa State Petroleum Technological University, Ufa, Russia, Chudinova D.Yu. , Atse Y.D.B. ,   Ufa State Petroleum Technological University, Ufa, Russia, Minniakhmetova R.M. ,   Ufa State Petroleum Technological University, Ufa, Russia, Kotenev M.Yu. ,   Ufa State Petroleum Technological University, Ufa, Russia
Published: July 2021

Many oil and gas fields are currently at a late stage of development, while most of them are being developed using flooding. These fields are characterized by the decreasing oil and liquid flow rates and accelerating water-cut. During the development process, the majority of oil reserves are extracted not using methods of production enhancement. Though, oil reserves within undeveloped areas are a valuable source for recovery. To involve residual reserves in active development, it is necessary to make a reasonable justification and a choice of the most effective geological and technical measures that take into account various geological field and well reservoir characteristics. Residual oil reserves at the late stage of development are classified as hard-to-recover and are mainly concentrated in areas not covered by flooding laterally and vertically. They belong to various categories that differ in the geological and technological characteristics. In this regard, it is necessary to plan various geological and technical measures taking into account the structure of residual reserves and patterns of their distribution. Studies of complex oil and gas fields were performed and a detailed analysis of the geological and physical characteristics, parameters of reservoir heterogeneity along with operational, geological and commercial assessment of reserves development were conducted.
Determination of well spacing volumetric factor for assessment of final oil recovery in reservoirs developed by horizontal wells
Authors:   «TatNIPIneft» PJSC «Tatneft» named after V.D.Shashin, Bugulma, Russia, Khakimzyanov I.N. ,   Ufa State Petroleum Technological University, Ufa, Russia, Mukhametshin V.Sh. ,   Ufa State Petroleum Technological University, Ufa, Russia, Bakhtizin R.N. ,   Ufa State Petroleum Technological University, Ufa, Russia, Sheshdirov R.I. ,   Ufa State Petroleum Technological University, Ufa, Russia
Published: July 2021

The formula for determination of volumetric factor of well spacing for assessment of final oil recovery in reservoirs developed by horizontal wells is offered. For the purpose of comparison of well spacing calculated using conventional and volumetric techniques, twelve development options of the pilot area of the Yamashinskoye field with variousplacement of vertical and horizontal wells were considered. By results of calculations, marked difference in values of well spacing was observed testifying that the conventional formula used to calculate well spacing does not consider the volume nature of fluid inflow to wells with one or more horizontal laterals. The offered technique of volumetric determination of well spacing through the inclination angle, the radius of well drainage area, and the length of a lateral considers the volumetric nature of inflow to horizontal multilateral wells.
Hydrodynamic model application to create a reverse oil cone in water-oil zones
Authors:   Ufa State Petroleum Technological University, Ufa, Russia, Yakupov R.F. , Khakimzyanov I.N. ,   Ufa State Petroleum Technological University, Ufa, Russia, Mukhametshin V.V. ,   Ufa State Petroleum Technological University, Ufa, Russia, Kuleshova L.S. ,   Ufa State Petroleum Technological University, Ufa, Russia
Published: July 2021

For the conditions of the development of bottom water-drive reservoirs in terrigenous deposits with low permeability of oil-saturated rocks in the dome of the formation, we propose a technology of reverse oil cone creating for effective residual oil reserves development. To visualize the oil recovery process, we created a hydrodynamic model, which makes it possible to increase the efficiency of the proposed technology, as well as to regulate the technology parameters. We considered the issues of the following models creating: the water cone formation during the near-roof part of the formation perforation; the a cone of oil formation in the process of water withdrawing from reservoirs with cutoff water saturation; erosion of the oil cone during its production from the interlayers with the highest oil saturation. The parameters influencing the efficiency of proposed reverse cone technology application are determined.
Quantitative assessment of hydraulic tortuosity of oil and gas reservoirs in Western Siberia based on capillarimetric studies
Authors:   Ufa State Petroleum Technological University, Ufa, Russia, Akhmetov R.T. , Malyarenko A.M. ,   Ufa State Petroleum Technological University, Ufa, Russia, Kuleshova L.S. ,   Ufa State Petroleum Technological University, Ufa, Russia, Mukhametshin V.V. ,   Ufa State Petroleum Technological University, Ufa, Russia, Safiullina A.R. ,   Ufa State Petroleum Technological University, Ufa, Russia
Published: July 2021

It is known that a capillary model with a given size pore channels distribution does not allow estimating the absolute reservoir permeability with sufficient accuracy. In this case, it is necessary to introduce a certain correction factor into the formula, which is called either the lithological factor or hydraulic tortuosity. The paper shows that the need for a correction factor appears mainly due to the capillary model inconsistency to the real geometry of the reservoir void space. In this regard, we propose to use the dumbbell model when calculating the absolute permeability, in which the filtering channels are represented by alternating pores and interporous narrowings. This paper presents a methodology for calculating the hydraulic tortuosity for reservoirs of Western Siberia based on the results of capillary studies, as well as based on the data from the capacitive properties study. Hydraulic tortuosity is explained by the process of expansion of current lines in the pores and their contraction in the interporous tubules of the rock. It is noted that the residual water leads to a narrowing of the pores’ open area and, accordingly, to a certain decrease in the hydraulic tortuosity.
Improving the procurement activities efficiency of oil companies based on benchmarking
Authors:   Ufa State Petroleum Technological University, Ufa, Russia, Musina D.R. , Burenina I.V. ,   Ufa State Petroleum Technological University, Ufa, Russia, Kazykhanov R.R. ,   Ufa State Petroleum Technological University, Ufa, Russia, Nafikova L.S. ,   Ufa State Petroleum Technological University, Ufa, Russia
Published: July 2021

The article presents the results of the authors' scientific work aimed at developing a methodology for internal and external benchmarking of procurement activities for companies in the oil and gas industry. The categorization of the types of benchmarking is carried out and those that are applicable for the development of benchmarking methods in the procurement of oil companies are highlighted. In order to develop a methodology for benchmarking procurement activities, the general concept of benchmarking was transformed for industry conditions and functional features of procurement in an oil company. The process for the implementation of external benchmarking of procurement activities has been developed. The key indicators of operational efficiency and labor productivity are proposed for the stage of selection of industry competitors. At the stage of comparison, it was proposed to compare the elements, tools and indicators of the procurement logistics for oil companies. The internal functional benchmarking is recommended for large oil companies and vertically integrated oil companies. In contrast to the external one, this is partner benchmarking, benchmarking for experience exchange. The process of implementation of internal benchmarking of procurement activities is proposed. For the stage named «Selection of subsidiaries-benchmarks», its own set of indicators is proposed. Unlike external benchmarking, the internal benchmarking is focused on borrowing the experience of improving procurement business processes in reference subsidiaries.
Development of technogenic soil based on drill sludge formed in the process of well construction in the Vinno-Bannovsky oil field of the Samara region
Authors:   LCC «SamaraNIPIneft», Samara, Russia, Guba A.S. , Bakhtizin R.N. ,   Ufa State Petroleum Technological University, Ufa, Russia, Ableev R.I. ,   Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Bashkortostan, Ufa, Russia, Fakhreeva A.V. ,   Ufa Institute of Chemistry UFRC RAS, Ufa, Russia, Musin F.F. ,   Ufa Institute of Chemistry UFRC RAS, Ufa, Russia, Dokichev V.A. ,   Ufa State Aviation Technical University, Ufa, Russia
Published: July 2021

The mineralogical, chemical and gravimetric composition of drill cuttings formed during the construction of wells in the Vinno-Bannovskoye oil field in the Samara region has been studied. It was found that the cuttings included in the drill cuttings consist of the following rock-forming minerals - calcite, quartz, dolomite, wollastonite, iron-bearing ankermanite and ankerite. The excess of the gross content of the maximum permissible concentration (MPC) of heavy metals in drill cuttings is observed for lead, arsenic and mercury. The content of oil products is within 0.64 ± 0.27 g/kg and does not exceed the MPC for oil. A method is proposed for producing environmentally safe permeable technogenic soil by mechanical mixing of drill cuttings with natural sand, phosphogypsum and sorbent in a ratio of 53: 40: 2: 1, leading to a decrease in the toxic effect of pollutants by reducing their concentration and sorption on the sorbent. According to its physical and chemical characteristics, the soil obtained during the disposal of drill cuttings is technogenic dispersed soil in accordance with GOST 25100 - 2020 «Soils. Classification» and can be used in the construction of soil foundations of production, auxiliary sites.
Research of the kinetics of thickness of the boundary layers of lubricating materials applied to drilling technology
Authors:   Ufa State Petroleum Technological University, Ufa, Russia, Ismakov R.A. , Konesev V.G. ,   «Gazpromneft-STC» LLC, Saint Petersburg, Russia, Yangirov F.N. ,   Ufa State Petroleum Technological University, Ufa, Russia, Gaymaletdinova G.L. ,   Ufa State Petroleum Technological University, Ufa, Russia, Yahin A.R. ,   Ufa State Petroleum Technological University, Ufa, Russia
Published: July 2021

Improving the operational properties of lubricants increases the service life of the mechanisms and increase the durability of rubbing joints, which has a positive effect on the indicators of technical and economic efficiency and equipment safety. Therefore, great attention in tribology is paid to the analysis of the state of friction units in technology and the assessment of their resource characteristics, which makes it possible to increase their service life. The research aim is to study the general provisions on lubricants and lubricants, as well as the features of the boundary layers formation on friction surfaces and the observed patterns. Calculations of the boundary layers thickness using lubricating reagents at different energetic loading of the friction pair were carried out as applied to the roller bearing of a roller cone bit in the medium of cylinder oil 52 and DPS grease. The proposed research methodology made it possible to in-crease the efficiency and effectiveness of the means development for improving the tribotech-nical properties of drilling lubricants.
Preparation of cyclic acetals and gem-dichlorocyclopropanes based on 1,2-dichloromethylbenzol
Authors:   Ufa State Petroleum Technological University, Ufa, Russia, Dzhumaev Sh.Sh. , Borisova Y.G. ,   Ufa State Petroleum Technological University, Ufa, Russia, Raskil’dina G.Z. ,   Ufa State Petroleum Technological University, Ufa, Russia, Daminev R.R. ,   fa State Petroleum Technological University, Branch in Sterlitamak, Russia, Zlotskii S.S. ,   Ufa State Petroleum Technological University, Ufa, Russia
Published: July 2021

Using 2,2-dimethyl-4-hydroxymethyl-1,3-dioxolane (sol-ketal) and 1,2-dichlomethylbenzene under the conditions of phase transfer catalysis, mono- and diesters containing cycloacetal fragments were synthesized. Also, with the help of dichloride, in the presence of benzene, mono- and diesters of allyl alcohol were obtained. Dichlorocyclopropanation of unsaturated ethers using chloroform, alkali and catamine AB catalyst made it possible to obtain compounds containing gem-dichlorocyclopropane fragments. O-alkylation of the sol-ketal with 1-[(alloxy)methyl]-2-(chloromethyl)benzene (mono-derivative of allyl alcohol) was used to synthesize an ether combining in its structure 1,3-dioxolane and gem-dichlorocyclopropane fragments simultaneously. The obtained substances were analyzed and confirmed by mass spectrometry («Chromatek-Kristall» instrument with Nist research database) and NMR spectroscopy («Bruker instrument»). It was found that among a number of compounds obtained, only 4-{[(2-{[(2,2-dichlorocyclopropyl) methoxy]methyl}-benzyl)oxy] methyl}-2,2-dimethyl-1,3-dioxolane exhibits cytological activity against the cell lines HEK293, SH-SY5Y, MCF-7 and A549.
The Efficiency of Motorcycle Use in Illegal Bushmeat Transportation in Western Serengeti, Tanzania
Authors: Nyahongo Julius William , Richard Upendo , Røskaft Eivin
Published: July 2021

Bushmeat is an important source of protein, as well as economic income for communities in sub-Saharan Africa and Latin America. This study was conducted in north-western Serengeti, Tanzania, from July to September of 2019. Two villages were sampled for distance calculation: Kowak and Robanda. The snowballing technique was the sampling design adopted. Trained assistants identified at least one bushmeat vendor in each village to be interviewed, who was thereafter asked to identify another vendor known to him/her. The number of days spent delivering bushmeat packages to the illegal market (an average of 200 km) from the bushmeat source was 16.8 days when using donkeys, 6.8 days when using bicycles, and 2.0 days when using motorcycles. Motorcycles were 8.4 and 3.4 times more efficient than donkeys and bicycles, respectively. Bicycles were 2.5 times more efficient than donkeys. The mean weights of bushmeat packages delivered by donkeys were 188.4 kg and 109.0 kg when using bicycles. Motorcycles delivered 185.0 kg of bushmeat per trip. The mean weights carried by donkeys and motorcycles were 1.7 times higher than those of bicycles. The mean depletion rates of motorcycles were 92.5 kg of bushmeat per day for a distance of 200 km. Bicycles depleted 16.0 kg, while donkeys only depleted 11.2 kg per day to the market. The use of motorcycles in bushmeat transportation increased the efficiency in delivering illegal bushmeat to predetermined illegal markets, and thus resulted in a high depletion rate. Wildlife authorities should introduce patrol systems that include the control of motorcycles close to protected areas. There should be day and night checkpoints in various places, such as large bridges that cannot be avoided and along rural pathways.