bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Modeling and analysis of value added tax revenues: certain issues of application in Ukraine
Authors: Luchko M. , Ruska R.
Published: January 2021

The issues of modeling and analysis of revenues to the budget of value added tax using the mathematical ARIMA model by means of STATISTIKA package are investigated in this paper. Based on its application, recommendations for forecasting the revenues of this tax on the basis of current trends in its receipt are formed. On the basis of universal and non-universal argumentation and empiriсal data, the payment of this tax by business entities is considered. Value added tax (hereinafter – VAT) is an important indicator of the country's budget. The reliability and reality of the planned VAT indicator depend on the assessment of the state, forecast, seasonality and trends of economic and social development. Sustainable development, consistency of tax legislation, forms and methods of work with taxpayers, contribute to proper administration of taxes, efficient and complete receipt of payments to the budget, the level of financial and tax culture and other factors of socio – economic impact. This in turn leads to the confidence of entrepreneurs, investors to the state and the desire to work in it. The purpose of the article is to investigate the issues of analysis, modeling and forecasting of VAT payments for goods, works and services produced in the customs territory of Ukraine. At the macro level, special attention is paid to the projected amount of tax revenues to the budget. VAT should take an important place in tax planning and forecasting. Complete and adequate planning and forecasting, analysis of its revenues in practice is determined by the overall comprehensive and individual understanding of the nature, content and mechanism of administration. Insufficient theoretical development of forecasting and control of its payment, lack of a systematic approach to the investigation of this process, in practice makes it impossible to make effective management decisions on tax revenues, which the state can really rely on while implementing fiscal policy. The current practice requires the development of theoretical and methodological principles of modeling and tax forecasting of VAT, its analysis. These issues are investigated in this paper.
土木工程建筑结构设计优化
Authors: 姜 坤
Published: January 2021

随着社会发展日益进步，我国建筑行业的发展也产生了巨大的变化，为了促进现代城市化进程，提高土地使用利用率，土木工程建筑结构优化设计成为建筑行业关注的重点。为了进一步提高土木工程建筑结构的作用，必须充分结合当前社会实际需求和发展方向对当前土木工程建筑结构进行优化和调整，提高效率和预期效益。当前社会与市场对建筑的要求越来越高，侧面推动了建筑行业的发展，也越来越重视建筑结构设计的作用，通过建筑结构设计能够解决相当多的问题，同时也大大提高了建筑的质量和品质，但是由于发展时间短，土木工程建筑结构优化的未来还需要进一步发展。
工程设计对工程造价的影响
Authors: 程 健
Published: January 2021

很多管理人员在开展建筑工程造价管理过程中对设计阶段造价控制重要性往往没有深刻认识，殊不知如果设计阶段存在问题那么后续施工将产生严重资金浪费。为此，相关管理人员应当从设计阶段加强各个问题控制，合理的开展建筑工程造价管理，保证后期施工阶段能够按照设计方案要求顺利开展施工作业。
Annemarie Matzke, Ulf Otto & Jens Roselt (Hrsg.) Auftritte. Strategien des In-Erscheinung-Tretens in Künsten und Medien
Authors: Vaßen Florian
Published: January 2021

Die in Buchrezensionen vertretenen Ansichten und Meinungen sind die der jeweiligen Rezensentinnen und Rezensenten und reflektieren nicht notwendigerweise die Position von SCENARIO. Der Auftritt ist einer der wichtigsten Momente in einer Theateraufführung, eine Schwelle wird dabei überschritten, und es finden entscheidende Veränderungen statt. Dieser Wechsel von Nicht-Präsenz zur Präsenz, vom Off zum On wird in dem vorliegenden Sammelband in 12 Texten zum Theater und anderen „Künsten und Medien“ unter den verschiedensten Gesichtspunkten untersucht. Ausgehend vom „Harlekin-Prinzip“ – das „Auftreten“ selbst ist seine „Botschaft“ –, stellen die Herausgeber in ihrer Einleitung „K(l)eine Theorie des Auftritts“ drei Dimensionen des Auftritts als „Keimzelle von Theater“ (7) vor. Erstens: Auftritt als Ostentation „ist Ausnahmezustand und Gesellungsereignis“ und führt zur „Trennung von Handelnden und Schauenden“ (9). Zweitens: „Aus dem Auftritt geht eine Figur hervor […]: eine Gestalt“, bestimmt von „Sichtbarkeit“ und „Aufmerksamkeit“ (9f.); diese Figuration führt zu „Gemeinschaftsbildungen“, zugleich aber auch zu „Ausnahme“ und „Alleinstellung“ (9). Drittens: „Ein Auftritt erlangt seine Bedeutung erst mit seiner medialen Zirkulation.“ (11); dabei gibt es nicht „den Auftritt“, sondern eine große Vielfalt. Entsprechend ist eine klare Definition ebenso schwierig wie die entsprechende Theoriebildung komplex ist. „Nicht was ein Auftritt ist, ist eine sinnvolle Frage, sondern was man damit machen ...
Classics in Miniature
Authors: Beug Joachim
Published: January 2021

Die Faust-Idee. – Eine kleine Nähterin wird verführt und unglücklich gemacht; ein großer Gelehrter aller vier Fakultäten ist der Übeltäter. Das kann doch nicht mit rechten Dingen zugegangen sein? Nein, gewiß nicht! Ohne die Beihilfe des leibhaftigen Teufels hätte es der große Gelehrte nicht zustande gebracht. - Sollte dies wirklich der größte deutsche “tragische Gedanke” sein, wie man unter Deutschen sagen hört? Friedrich Nietzsche: Menschliches, allzu Menschliches The Faust-Idea. – A little seamstress is seduced and made wretched. A great scholar of all four disciplines is the culprit. Surely this could not have happened under ordinary circumstances? No, certainly not! Without the assistance of the devil incarnate the great scholar would never have pulled this off. – Could this really be the greatest German "tragic idea", as one can hear among Germans? Friedrich Nietzsche, Human all too Human
Testing the Waters: Drama in the Japanese University EFL Classroom
Authors: Donnery Eucharia
Published: January 2021

This paper explores the rationale for including drama-based pedagogy into the curriculum of the Department of English at Ritsumeikan Asia Pacific University (APU) in Japan. Traditional Japanese teaching practices are explained, followed by an outline of the parallels between drama-based pedagogy and teaching practices of the Japanese elementary school. Contrary to popular expectation, drama-based pedagogy is compatible with existing traditional and cultural systems of education in Japan. Therefore, drama-based pedagogy was included in the Fundamental English language course at APU to provide the students a bridge to move from teacher-led styles of junior high and senior high schools to return to the more learner-centered styles of education of the elementary educational system. This would seem a reasonable way in which to facilitate more cooperative, rather than competitive, styles of learning. Secondly, within the course subject matter of “Intercultural Communication”, drama-based pedagogy could be employed through role plays and self-reflection inside the classroom to allow the students to experience awareness of differing communicative styles when engaged in social interaction with the international students outside of the classroom. Likewise, the process of self-reflection in drama and theatre practices is a complex mix of introspective interrogation and affective engagement, which forms the catalyst for dramatic communication. The purpose of this paper is to present one specific case where drama-based pedagogy was incorporated into the English language curriculum of a rather unique Japanese university.
История тракайской караимской школы
Authors: Лавринович Инна
Published: January 2021

В конце 14 в. Великий князь литовский Витовт призвал караимов в Литву и поселил их в своей столице Тракай между двумя замками. Улица, соединявшая полуостровной замок с островным, издревле называлась караимской. В 15 в. эта жилая часть города получила право на самоуправление. Предположительно тогда же построены первые кенесса и школа.
Raduga Sabantuja, czyli Dostłar pojechał do Tatarstanu.
Authors: Kobecki Michał
Published: January 2021

W połowie czerwca bieżącego roku w rosyjskim mieście Nabierieżne Czełny w Tatarstanie odbył się Festiwal Twórczości Dziecięcej i Młodzieżowej Narodów Tureckojęzycznych – Raduga Sabantuja, w którym mieliśmy okazję i niewątpliwą przyjemność wziąć udział.
Karaimskie lato w Trokach
Authors: Twardauskas Aleksander , Pilecki Konstanty
Published: January 2021

To już siódmy rok, gdy wraz z nadejściem lata Karaimi ze wszystkich stron zjeżdżają do Trok, małego miasteczka z długą historią. Ulica Karaimska wypełnia się wówczas gwarem głosów, zapomnianych już przez ściany wiekowych domów – przyzwyczajonych teraz do obcej mowy licznej rzeszy turystów odwiedzających corocznie miasto.
Wieści z Krymu
Authors: Kale EKC , Abkowicz Mariola
Published: January 2021

Pierwszego sierpnia br. Asocjacja Krymskich Karaimów „Krymkarajłar” wraz z wchodzącym w jej skład Centrum Etniczno-Kulturalnym (EKC) „Kale” dokonały otwarcia kolejnego, trzynastego już, międzynarodowego obozu młodzieżowej pracy społecznej w Dżuft-Kale koło Bachczysaraju.
Co o pracy mówią stare karaimskie porzekadła
Authors: Stanek Kamila
Published: January 2021

Jeszcze raz sięgamy do skarbnicy ludowych mądrości, by poszukać odpowiedzi na pytanie: jak dawni Karaimi traktowali pracę, czy byli pracowici i jakie zajęcia cenili.
Wspomnienie o rodzinie babci Razi
Authors: Szpakowska Anna
Published: January 2021

W jednym z ostatnich numerów „Awazymyz” na ostatniej stronicy zamieszczono kilka zdjęć z prośbą o pomoc w rozpoznaniu osób na nich widniejących. Przyjrzeliśmy się im z Romkiem i na jednym rozpoznaliśmy trzy osoby, a mianowicie Ilję Jutkiewicza i jego dwie siostry: Zuzannę, żonę pułkownika Noja Robaczewskiego oraz Nadzieję Jutkiewicz-Lisochinę, II voto Chojską. To rodzeni brat i siostry babci mojego męża [Romka Szpakowskiego] – Raisy z Jutkiewiczów Ławrzeckiej (Ławreckiej). Obejrzeliśmy zdjęcie Jutkiewiczów opublikowane w „Awazymyz”, a także inne, które są w naszym domowym archiwum. Pragniemy się podzielić informacjami o tej dużej niegdyś rodzinie.
Fortuna kołem się toczy
Authors: Dubiński Adam J.
Published: January 2021

Od woreczka z cuchnącą machorką do fabryki najprzedniejszych tytoni, od pałaców w Teodozji do ubogiego mieszkanka w Paryżu. Losy rodziny Stamboli splatają się z historią carskiej Rosji i „białej emigracji”.
Polskie ślady na Dżuft Kale
Authors: Pawelec Mariusz
Published: January 2021

Odkrycia Abrahama Firkowicza rozbudziły zainteresowanie Karaimami. Dla odwiedzających Krym spotkanie z nimistało się obowiązkowym punktem programu.
Mieczek i Siunek
Authors: Sulimowicz Anna
Published: January 2021

Sto lat temu urodził się Józef Sulimowicz, turkolog, oficer, miłośnik książek. Dziesięć lat temu odszedł Edmund Sulimowicz, urzędnik, więzień łagru, równie mocno kochający przedwojenny Halicz, jak i powojenne Świnoujście.
Niech Kynysz będzie pomyślny!
Authors: Pawelec Mariusz
Published: January 2021

Wesoły śmiech rozbrzmiewający w zimowy wieczór zwiastował nadejście dwóch dni niefrasobliwej zabawy. Dbano, by i ubodzy mieli wtedy powody do radości.
Sukłanczy Halinaha = Pięknej Halince
Authors: Łobanos Józef , Sulimowicz Anna , Dubiński Adam
Published: January 2021

Zachowany w rękopisie, niepublikowany wcześniej wiersz dedykowany córce Michała Nowickiego i Sabiny z Eszwowiczów, Halinie Nowickiej (późniejszej Morawiec, 1931–1993).
Dostłarha - Do przyjaciół
Authors: Puszkin Aleksander , Słobodnik Włodzimierz , Firkowicz Szymon (Szemaja)
Published: January 2021

Na język polski przełożył Włodzimierz Słobodnik.Na język karaimski przełożył Szymon (Szemaja) Firkowicz.
Rok 2000
Authors: Abkowicz Mariola
Published: January 2021

Rok 2020 zaczął się spokojnie – nic nie zapowiadało tego, co wkrótce miało dotknąć nas wszystkich. W dalekim Wuhanie ludzie zapadali na nieznaną chorobę, a my planowaliśmy konferencję poświęconą pamięci prof. Ananiasza Zajączkowskiego – w tym roku minęło 50 lat od jego ostatniej podróży do Rzymu. W kwietniu mieliśmy się spotkać z tej okazji w Toruniu. Kto mógł przypuszczać, że paskudny wirus już dotarł do Europy i za chwilę zmieni nasz świat, rujnując większość planów. Niewidzialny przybysz z Chin zamknął nas w domach. Trzeba było uczyć się życia w nowej rzeczywistości, przyzwyczajać do maseczek, dezynfekcji, dystansu. W tych okolicznościach zaczęliśmy dłużej przebywać w wirtualnej przestrzeni, poznawać nowe technologie komunikacyjne. Tęskniąc przy tym coraz mocniej za swobodą poruszania się i bezpośrednimi kontaktami.

Projekt Fundacji Karaimskie Dziedzictwo poświęcony warszawskim Karaimom musiał nieco zmienić formułę i zamiast spotkań na żywo odbywał się w trybie on-line. Za to elektroniczne kwerendy biblioteczne okazały się nie tylko dużo łatwiejsze, ale i nader owocne – udało się odkryć nieznane fakty z życia Karaimów nad Wisłą przed I wojną światową. Na ich kanwie powstały interesujące opowieści, takie jak ta o Józefie Kapłanowskim, warszawskim kupcu i fabrykancie, którą przedstawia Adam Dubiński. W ramach projektu „Karaimi na dawnej mapie Warszawy” możemy wędrować nie tyle palcem po mapie, co myszką po ekranie komputera i na mapy.karaimi.eu odwiedzić miejsca, gdzie w drugiej połowie XIX i w początkach XX w. działały karaimskie składy tabaczne, sklep z tureckimi łakociami czy gabinet akuszerki.

„W czasie deszczu dzieci się nudzą” – mówi piosenka Kabaretu Starszych Panów. Nudzą sie jeszcze bardziej, gdy za oknem słońce, a obostrzenia wskutek pandemii nie pozwalają wyjść nawet na podwórko. Dla naszych najmłodszych czytelników z okazji Dnia Dziecka mamy propozycję wybrania się do… zoo. Zabierze Was tam Hanna Pilecka i jej wierszyki, które napisała dla wnuczki, Marianny.

Wyprawy w przeszłość to nasza specjalność. W tym numerze przeczytacie legendę o karaimskich mędrcach z Birż w przekładzie Jerzego Tulisowa, a głosem z minionych czasów Zarach Firkowicz opowiada o tym, skąd wzięła się nazwa jeden z dzielnic Trok.

Odejście przedstawicieli starszego pokolenia to dla naszej społeczności niezmiennie ogromna strata – wraz z nimi tracimy część przeszłości. Rok temu w Wilnie pożegnaliśmy Elżbietę z Robaczewskich Bezekowicz. Postać Cioci Eli, bo tak Ją nazywaliśmy, mamy i babci, wspomina Jej córka, Irena.

Wiele pytań pozostanie bez odpowiedzi. Jedyną szansą na odzyskanie wiedzy o tym, co było, są archiwa. O fotografiach upamietniających udział Karaimów w ważnej i wzruszajacej uroczystości opowiadają Mariola Abkowicz i Aleksander Babadżan. Zaś Wiaczesław Lebiediew w korespondencji z Eupatorii przybliża losy karaimskiej uczelni duchownej.

Przed nami lato i wakacje. Jak będą wyglądały, jak potoczą się losy świata, tego nikt nie wie. Zachowujmy więc na wszelki wypadek dystans społeczny, myjmy ręce i tochtahejbyz sawłar – pozostańmy zdrowi!
Wspominając naszą Mamę i Babcię
Authors: Babadżan Irena , Czachorowski Daniel
Published: January 2021

W pierwszą rocznicę Jej odejścia
ОРГАНІЗАЦІЯ УПРАВЛІНСЬКОГО ОБЛІКУ НА ВИРОБНИЧИХ ПІДПРИЄМСТВАХ ЧЕРНІГІВСЬКОЇ ОБЛАСТІ
Authors: Шушакова І. К. , Нікуліца Д. Р.
Published: January 2021

Стаття присвячена питанням організації управлінського обліку на виробничих підприємствах Чернігівської області. Досліджено сутність та тему управлінського обліку у діяльності виробничих підприємств. Наведено етапи організації управлінського обліку на підприємствах. Охарактеризовано етапи організації управлінського обліку на виробничих підприємствах. Розроблено рекомендації щодо організації управлінського обліку на виробничих підприємствах Чернігівської області з урахуванням міжнародного досвіду. Визначено вимоги до спеціалістів, що здійснюють управлінський облік на виробничих підприємствах Чернігівської області.
ЕКОНОМІКО-ПРАВОВИЙ АНАЛІЗ ПРАВ І ВІДНОСИН ВЛАСНОСТІ У ПРОЄКЦІЇ НА УПРАВЛІННЯ ТА ФІНАНСУВАННЯ ПРИВАТИЗОВАНОГО ЖИТЛА
Authors: Щербина А. А.
Published: January 2021

Можливості запобігання передчасному руйнуванню житлового фонду, приватизованого неефективними власниками, ускладнюється недосконалістю і негнучкістю чинного законодавства, яке визначає права власності взагалі і у багатоквартирному будинку зокрема. Це вимагає наукового дослідження як нових економічних явищ, які обґрунтовують необхідність зміни законодавства, так і дієвих правових конструкцій для результативних дій в управлінні житлом. Одним із можливих підходів, дослідженим у статті, є спроба міждисциплінарного аналізу і декомпозиції понять «власність», «права власності» і «відносини власності» для можливого розподілу прав і відповідних фінансових обов’язків між різними суб’єктами, потенційно спроможними щодо належного утримання житла в межах своїх правомочностей. Методами історичного і логічного аналізу на основі численних публікацій досліджується генезис економічного і юридичного понять «власність» у контексті об’єктивних соціально-економічних процесів. У перспективі пропонується шлях законодавчого зменшення тягаря утримання житла власниками з відповідним скороченням прав володіння і розпорядження та зі збереженням за ними прав користування.
ДО ПИТАННЯ ЗАПРОВАДЖЕННЯ В УКРАЇНІ ПОДАТКУ НА ВИВЕДЕНИЙ КАПІТАЛ
Authors: Мельничук Г. С.
Published: January 2021

У статті проведено аналіз законопроєктів щодо реформи податку на прибуток підприємств шляхом введення в Україні податку на виведений капітал. Окреслено ймовірні наслідки та загрози від впровадження податку на виведений капітал. Аргументовано, що лише шляхом трансформації діючої моделі податку на прибуток підприємств у механізм оподаткування виведеного капіталу не вдасться вирішити наявних проблем в оподаткуванні прибутку й запобігти відтоку капіталу за кордон, сприяти реінвестуванню прибутку у виробництво та забезпечити розвиток бізнесу.
Analysis of Credit and Investment Institutions for Smes
Authors: Koroleva E.A.
Published: January 2021

The article is devoted to a review of the main institutions operating in the market of credit and investment resources for Russian small and medium enterprises (SMEs). The work revealed disproportionality in providing Russian SMEs with financing: the largest share falls on own funds and usury, banks account for up to 20%, other sources are insignificant). Meanwhile, abroad, this structure is more diverse and balanced. The possibilities of individual credit and investment institutions for providing small enterprises with borrowed funds are analyzed using the example of collective financing institutions (business angels, crowdfunding and crowdinvesting sites); specialized (leasing, factoring and microfinance organizations) and state organizations (JSC “SME Corporation”, regional guarantee organizations, JSC “SME Bank”), as well as venture and banking companies. Actual tendencies occurring in various markets of financial resources for small firms are noted, taking into account the quarantine-isolation measures of 2020.
Power Factor in Different Types of Transactions
Authors: Yerznkyan B.H. , Fontana K.A.
Published: January 2021

The paper confirms that the factor of power matters, however differently in different types of – wholly or partly hierarchical – transactions. Such a factor is considered in connection to exchange transaction where traditionally matter bargaining power and market power: the first manifests itself in the process of transaction, the second relates to the market as an exchange medium; in both cases examples of mixing their effects are not unusual. In addition the factors of reputation and enforcement are considered: the first is associated with power of contragent, the second with the ability to enforce the contract.
Anemia of Chronic Disease in Rheumatoid Arthritis and its Relationship with Disease Activities
Authors: Islam Md Rofiqul , Islam Md Shafiqul , Sultana Mst Musarrat
Published: January 2021

Background: Rheumatoid arthritis is the most common form of inflammatory arthritis. Anemia is a common extra-articular manifestation and anemia of chronic disease (ACD) is the most common form of anemia in rheumatoid arthritis that reduces the quality of life.

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to find out the prevalence of anemia of chronic disease (ACD) in Rheumatoid arthritis and to determine the relationship between ACD and disease activity of rheumatoid arthritis patients and to Identify the relationship between ACD and disease activity of rheumatoid arthritis patients.

Methods: This was an observational cross-sectional study was conducted at the Department of Medicine, Rajshahi Medical College Hospital, Rajshahi. Consecutive 165 patients of rheumatoid arthritis with anemia who fulfilled the inclusion and exclusion criteria were enrolled in this study.

Results: In this study mean age of these patients was 43.2±13.5 years. Male were 27(16.4%) and female 135(83.6%) with male: female ratio was 1:5.1. Most of the patients (29.1%) were illiterate, maximum participants (81.8%) were married and housewife 73.3%. DAS- 28 score (p< 0.001), tender and swollen joint count (p<0.001 for both tender and swollen joint count), ESR (p< 0.001) and HAQ score (p< 0.001) were significantly higher in anemic group of patients as compared to non-anemic. But there was no significant difference in terms of disease duration, morning stiffness and RF positivity between mentioned groups (p> 0.05). Comparing disease activity related characteristics between pure ACD and ACD with co-existent IDA sub group of patients, DAS 28 (p< 0.001), tender joint count (p= 0.03), swollen joint count (p= 0.03) and HAQ score (p= 0.03) were significantly higher in pure ACD patients than ACD and concomitant IDA patients with RA. But no significant difference was observed between two subgroups in terms of disease duration, morning stiffness, ESR and RF positivity (p> 0.05).Comparison of disease activity indices at different cut off levels between two groups and subgroups. Higher DAS- 28 score, tender joint count, swollen joint count and HAQ score was significantly found in anemic group of patients as compared to non-anemic. No significant difference was found between two groups at differing levels of morning stiffness (p= 0.337).

Conclusions: ACD is frequently encountered with high frequency of iron deficiency anemia among rheumatoid arthritis patients and RA patients with anemic tend to have more severe disease than non-anemic RA patients.

TAJ 2020; 33(2): 85-93
Identificação do paciente em pronto-socorro de hospitais universitários: estudo transversal
Authors: Bernal Suelen Cristina Zandonadi , Raimondi Daiane Cortez , Westphal Greice , Nardo Junior Nelson , Fernandes Carlos Alexandre Molena , Matsuda Laura Misue
Published: January 2021

Objetivos: Determinar a prevalência de identificação do paciente em unidades de pronto-socorro, e verificar a adesão da equipe multiprofissional de unidades de pronto-socorro à conferência de dados de identificação do paciente. Métodos: Pesquisa descritiva, observacional, de abordagem quantitativa e delineamento transversal, realizada em prontos-socorros de três hospitais universitários, públicos, entre julho e setembro/2017. A população constituiu-se de 240 pacientes que permaneceram mais de 24 horas nessa unidade. Resultados: Constatou-se identificação com pulseira em 87,1% dos pacientes e prevalência de 48,3% na adesão da equipe de saúde à conferência dos dados de identificação do paciente. Quando comparados os hospitais, a adesão à conferência de dados foi de: HA = 27,1%; HB = 40,3% e; HC = 77,3%. Conclusão: Nos serviços investigados, a identificação do paciente não era realizada de forma sistemática, especialmente na etapa de checagem dos dados antes da realização de procedimentos.
Adenosine A1, A2a, A2b, and A3 Receptors in Hematopoiesis.
1. Expression of Receptor mRNA in Four Mouse Hematopoietic
Precursor Cells
Authors: Štreitová D , Šefc L , Savvulidi F , Pospíšil M , Holá J , Hofer M
Published: January 2021

Four mouse bone marrow or thymus cell populations, namely
granulopoietic/monocytopoietic, erythropoietic, B-lymphopoietic,
and T-lymphopoietic precursor cells have been assayed by RTPCR technique for the presence and relative amounts of
adenosine A1, A2a, A2b, and A3 receptor mRNA. It has been found
that (i) all four populations studied express all four adenosine
receptor subtypes, (ii) the A1 receptor is the least expressed in all
populations studied, (iii) the A3 receptor is markedly expressed in
the populations of granulopoietic/monocytopoietic and
erythropoietic cells, (iv) the A2a receptor is markedly expressed in
the populations of B-lymphopoietic and T-lymphopoietic cells,
and v) the A2b receptor does not predominate in any of the
precursor cells studied. Our data offer a new possibility for the
assessment of the readiness of these cells to respond, by
receptor-mediated mechanisms, to adenosine or its analogs
present in the tissues as a result of endogenous processes and/or
following their administration.
Seed propagation of Juniperus foetidissima Willd. in Absheron
Authors: Rzaeva A.
Published: January 2021

The bioecological characteristics of the genus Juniperus L. on the Absheron Peninsula and its resistance to environmental factors are considered. The juniper, which occupies a very important place in the forests of Azerbaijan, is less demanding on environmental factors. At the Institute of Dendrology of Azerbaijan NAS, research on seed reproduction was carried out. Despite the fact that seed propagation is the only way to create new hybrid forms, the structure of the seeds and the growth characteristics of conifers make it difficult to use this propagation method. In the presented work, the influence of various factors on seed reproduction is considered and a model for the complex application of stratification and scarification for seed germination is proposed.
Gender in Context: A Multilevel Examination of the Effects of Structural Factors on Individual-Level Sentencing Decisions
Authors: Freiburger Tina L.
Published: January 2021

The extant research has failed to consider how community factors affect women’s sentences. Drawing from the focal concerns perspective and feminist perspectives, the current study examines the possible influence that variations in gender equality at the community level have on the individual treatment of women in the court system. Using data from the Pennsylvania Sentencing Commission and United States Census Bureau, the results indicate that women are less likely to be incarcerated than men. This disparity was found to be smaller in areas with larger disparities in men and women income levels. Gender was not found to be significant for the sentence length decision, but a significant interaction between rate of married women in a community and gender was found, with women receiving longer sentences in areas with higher rates of married women. Theoretical and future research implications are further discussed. One of the most prevalent findings in the sentencing literature is that gender is significantly related to sentence outcome [1,2]. This research has found that women are less likely to be incarcerated than men [2-9], and when incarcerated, typically receive sentences that are significantly shorter than their male counterparts [3-14]. Although gender disparity has received a great deal of attention at the individual level, prior research has not considered the possibility that the effects of gender could vary by community structure. Research on community structure and sentencing has largely focused on racial and ethnic disparities that exist across communities. Although the findings of these studies are mixed, these inquiries indicate that in communities where racial minorities appear to be a greater threat, defendants are sentenced more severely (e.g., [15-17]. Despite the fact that women continue to experience gender discrimination and continue to be under represented in positions of power and influence, for example, women consist of half the population but makeup less than 20 percent of Congress, the extant research has failed to consider how community factors affect women’s sentences. The current study examines community structure and the possible influence that variations in gender equality at the community level have on the individual treatment of women in the court system.
Skin Cyst: A Pathological Dead-End With a New Twist of Morphogenetic Potentials in Organoid Cultures
Authors: Qiu Weiming , Gu Pei-Rong , Chuong Cheng-Ming , Lei Mingxing
Published: January 2021

A cyst is a closed sac-like structure in which cyst walls wrap certain contents typically including air, fluid, lipid, mucous, or keratin. Cyst cells can retain multipotency to regenerate complex tissue architectures, or to differentiate. Cysts can form in and outside the skin due to genetic problems, errors in embryonic development, cellular defects, chronic inflammation, infections, blockages of ducts, parasites, and injuries. Multiple types of skin cysts have been identified with different cellular origins, with a common structure including the outside cyst wall engulfs differentiated suprabasal layers and keratins. The skin cyst is usually used as a sign in pathological diagnosis. Large or surfaced skin cysts affect patients’ appearance and may cause the dysfunction or accompanying diseases of adjacent tissues. Skin cysts form as a result of the degradation of skin epithelium and appendages, retaining certain characteristics of multipotency. Surprisingly, recent organoid cultures show the formation of cyst configuration as a transient state toward more morphogenetic possibility. These results suggest, if we can learn more about the molecular circuits controlling upstream and downstream cellular events in cyst formation, we may be able to engineer stem cell cultures toward the phenotypes we wish to achieve. For pathological conditions in patients, we speculate it may also be possible to guide the cyst to differentiate or de-differentiate to generate structures more akin to normal architecture and compatible with skin homeostasis.
Trustworthy Predictive Algorithms for Complex Forest System Decision-Making
Authors: Rana Pushpendra , Varshney Lav R.
Published: January 2021

Advances in predictive algorithms are revolutionizing how we understand and design effective decision support systems in many sectors. The expanding role of predictive algorithms is part of a broader movement toward using data-driven machine learning (ML) for modalities including images, natural language, speech. This article reviews whether and to what extent predictive algorithms can assist decision-making in forest conservation and management. Although state-of-the-art ML algorithms provide new opportunities, adoption has been slow in forest decision-making. This review shows how domain-specific characteristics, such as system complexity, impose limits on using predictive algorithms in forest conservation and management. We conclude with possible directions for developing new predictive tools and approaches to support meaningful forest decisions through easily interpretable and explainable recommendations.
Integrated Analysis of RNA-Binding Proteins Associated With the Prognosis and Immunosuppression in Squamous Cell Carcinoma of Head and Neck
Authors: Hu Guangsheng , Jiang Qingshan , Liu Lijun , Peng Hong , Wang Yaya , Li Shuyan , Tang Yanhua , Yu Jing , Yang Jing , Liu Zhifeng
Published: January 2021

RNA-binding proteins (RBPs) interacting with target RNAs play essential roles in RNA metabolism at the post-transcription level. Perturbations of RBPs can accelerate cancer development and cause dysregulation of the immune cell function and activity leading to evade immune destruction of cancer cells. However, few studies have systematically analyzed the potential prognostic value and functions of RBPs in squamous cell carcinoma of head and neck (SCCHN). Here, for the first time, we comprehensively identified 92 differentially expressed RBPs from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database. In the training set, a prognosis risk model was constructed with six RBPs, including NCBP2, MKRN3, MRPL47, AZGP1, IGF2BP2, and EZH2, and validated by the TCGA test set, the TCGA all set, and the GEO data set. In addition, the risk score was related to the clinical stage, T classification, and N classification. Furthermore, the high-risk score was significantly correlated with immunosuppression, and low expression of EZH2 and AZGP1 and high expression of IGF2BP2 were the main factors. Thus, the risk model may serve as a prognostic signature and offer highlights for individualized immunotherapy in SCCHN patients.
Identification of Hub Genes Associated With Immune Infiltration and Predict Prognosis in Hepatocellular Carcinoma via Bioinformatics Approaches
Authors: Chen Huaping , Wu Junrong , Lu Liuyi , Hu Zuojian , Li Xi , Huang Li , Zhang Xiaolian , Chen Mingxing , Qin Xue , Xie Li
Published: January 2021

Aims

In the cancer-related research field, there is currently a major need for a greater number of valuable biomarkers to predict the prognosis of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). In this study, we aimed to screen hub genes related to immune cell infiltration and explore their prognostic value for HCC.

Methods

We analyzed five datasets (GSE46408, GSE57957, GSE74656, GSE76427, and GSE87630) from the Gene Expression Omnibus database to screen the differentially expressed genes (DEGs). A protein–protein interaction network of the DEGs was constructed using the Search Tool for the Retrieval of Interacting Genes; then, the hub genes were identified. Functional enrichment of the genes was performed on the Metascape website. Next, the expression of these hub genes was validated in several databases, including Oncomine, Gene Expression Profiling Interactive Analysis 2 (GEPIA2), and Human Protein Atlas. We explored the correlations between the hub genes and infiltrated immune cells in the TIMER2.0 database. The survival curves were generated in GEPIA2, and the univariate and multivariate Cox regression analyses were performed using TIMER2.0.

Results

The top ten hub genes [DNA topoisomerase II alpha (TOP2A), cyclin B2 (CCNB2), protein regulator of cytokinesis 1 (PRC1), Rac GTPase-activating protein 1 (RACGAP1), aurora kinase A (AURKA), cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 3 (CDKN3), nucleolar and spindle-associated protein 1 (NUSAP1), cell division cycle-associated 5 (CDCA5), abnormal spindle microtubule assembly (ASPM), and non-SMC condensin I complex subunit G (NCAPG)] were identified in subsequent analysis. These genes are most markedly enriched in cell division, suggesting their close association with tumorigenesis. Multi-database analyses validated that the hub genes were upregulated in HCC tissues. All hub genes positively correlated with several types of immune infiltration, including B cells, CD4+ T cells, macrophages, and dendritic cells. Furthermore, these hub genes served as independent prognostic factors, and the expression of these hub genes combing with the macrophage levels could help predict an unfavorable prognosis of HCC.

Conclusion

In sum, these hub genes (TOP2A, CCNB2, PRC1, RACGAP1, AURKA, CDKN3, NUSAP1, CDCA5, ASPM, and NCAPG) may be pivotal markers for prognostic prediction as well as potentially work as targets for immune-based intervention strategies in HCC.
Genome-Wide Association Study of Tan Spot Resistance in a Hexaploid Wheat Collection From Kazakhstan
Authors: Kokhmetova Alma , Sehgal Deepmala , Ali Shaukat , Atishova Makpal , Kumarbayeva Madina , Leonova Irina , Dreisigacker Susanne
Published: January 2021

Tan spot, caused byPyrenophora tritici-repentis, is a serious foliar disease of wheat in Kazakhstan with reported yield losses as high as 50% during epidemic years. Here, we report the evaluation of a collection of 191 hexaploid spring and winter wheat lines for tan spot resistance and its underlying genetic architecture using genome-wide association study (GWAS). Our wheat collection comprised candidate varieties from Kazakhstan, Russia, and CIMMYT. It was genotyped using the DArTseq technology and phenotyped for resistance to tan spot at seedling and adult plant stages in Kazakhstan. DArTseq SNPs revealed high genetic diversity (average polymorphic information content = 0.33) in the panel and genome-wide linkage disequilibrium decay at 22 Mb (thresholdr2= 0.1). Principal component analysis revealed a clear separation of Eurasian germplasm from CIMMYT and IWWIP lines. GWAS identified 34 marker-trait associations (MTA) for resistance to tan spot and the amount of phenotypic variation explained by these MTA ranged from 4% to 13.7%. Our results suggest the existence of novel valuable resistant alleles on chromosomes 3BS, and 5DL and 6AL for resistance to Race 1 and Race 5, respectively, in addition to known genestsn1andtsc2.On chromosome 6AL, a genomic region spanning 3 Mb was identified conferring resistance to both Race 1 and Race 5. Epistatic interaction of associated loci was revealed on chromosomes 1B, 5B, 7B, 5A, and 6A contributing to additional variation of 3.2–11.7%. Twenty-five lines with the best allele combinations of SNPs associated with resistance to both races have been identified as candidates for future variety release and breeding. The results of the present study will be further validated in other independent genetic backgrounds to be able to use markers in breeding.
YTHDF2 Inhibits Gastric Cancer Cell Growth by Regulating FOXC2 Signaling Pathway
Authors: Shen Xudong , Zhao Kui , Xu Liming , Cheng Guilian , Zhu Jianhong , Gan Lei , Wu Yongyou , Zhuang Zhixiang
Published: January 2021

Background

Gastric cancer (GC) is one of the most common malignancies in the world, and the fourth most frequent malignancy worldwide. YTHDF2 (YTH domain family 2, YTHDF2) binds to mRNA containing m6A, thereby regulating the localization and stability of the bound mRNA. YTHDF2 was shown to be associated with some cancer patient prognosis. However, the effect of YTHDF2 on gastric cancer and the molecular mechanism of this effect have not been documented.

Methods

To conduct this research, YTHDF2 expression levels in public databases and gastric cancer patient samples were analyzed. The effects of YTHDF2 on the growth of gastric cancer cells were detectedin vivoandin vitro.RNA-seq was used to analyze the signal pathways regulated by YTHDF2, and experiments were carried out for verification.

Results

In our study, we found that YTHDF2 has lower expression in GC tissues and GC cells, and inhibits the growth of GC cells. In addition, the analysis of clinical data found that the expression level of YTHDF2 is closely related to the stage of GC and the survival of patients with GC. RNA sequencing results showed that overexpression of YTHDF2 significantly reduced protein expression in the FOXC2 (Forkhead box protein C2, FOXC2) signaling pathway. Finally, we found that knockout of FOXC2 reversed the inhibitory effect of YTHDF2 on GC cells.

Conclusion

In summary, YTHDF2 inhibits the growth of GC cells by negatively regulating FOXC2 and may serve as a prognostic marker in GC.
Male-Dominated Migration and Massive Assimilation of Indigenous East Asians in the Formation of Muslim Hui People in Southwest China
Authors: Wang Qiyan , Zhao Jing , Ren Zheng , Sun Jin , He Guanglin , Guo Jianxin , Zhang Hongling , Ji Jingyan , Liu Yubo , Yang Meiqing , Yang Xiaomin , Chen Jinwen , Zhu Kongyang , Wang Rui , Li Yingxiang , Chen Gang , Huang Jiang , Wang Chuan-Chao
Published: January 2021

The origin and diversification of Muslim Hui people in China via demic or simple cultural diffusion is a long-going debate. We here generated genome-wide data at nearly 700,000 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) from 45 Hui and 14 Han Chinese individuals collected from Guizhou province in southwest China. We applied principal component analysis (PCA), ADMIXTURE, f-statistics, qpWave, and qpAdm analysis to infer the population genetic structure and admixture history. Our results revealed the Guizhou Hui people have a limited amount of West Eurasian related ancestry at a proportion of 6%, but show massive genetic assimilation with indigenous southern Han Chinese and Tibetan or Tungusic/Mongolic related northern East Asians. We also detected a high frequency of North Asia or Central Asia related paternal Y-chromosome but not maternal mtDNA lineages in Guizhou Hui. Our observation supports the cultural diffusion has played a vital role in the formation of Hui people and the migration of Hui people to southwest China was probably a sex-biased male-driven process.
Unveiling Interindividual Variability of Human Fibroblast Innate Immune Response Using Robust Cell-Based Protocols
Authors: Chansard Audrey , Dubrulle Nelly , Poujol de Molliens Mathilde , Falanga Pierre B. , Stephen Tharshana , Hasan Milena , van Zandbergen Ger , Aulner Nathalie , Shorte Spencer L. , David-Watine Brigitte
Published: January 2021

The LabEx Milieu Interieur (MI) project is a clinical study centered on the detailed characterization of the baseline and induced immune responses in blood samples from 1,000 healthy donors. Analyses of these samples has lay ground for seminal studies on the genetic and environmental determinants of immunologic variance in a healthy cohort population. In the current study we developed in vitro methods enabling standardized quantification of MI-cohort-derived primary fibroblasts responses. Our results show that in vitro human donor cohort fibroblast responses to stimulation by different MAMPs analogs allows to characterize individual donor immune-phenotype variability. The results provide proof-of-concept foundation to a new experimental framework for such studies. A bio-bank of primary fibroblast lines was generated from 323 out of 1,000 healthy individuals selected from the MI-study cohort. To study inter-donor variability of innate immune response in primary human dermal fibroblasts we chose to measure the TLR3 and TLR4 response pathways, both receptors being expressed and previously studied in fibroblasts. We established high-throughput automation compatible methods for standardized primary fibroblast cell activation, using purified MAMPS analogs, poly I:C and LPS that stimulate TLR3 and TLR4 pathways respectively. These results were in turn compared with a stimulation method using infection by HSV-1 virus. Our “Add-only” protocol minimizes high-throughput automation system variability facilitating whole process automation from cell plating through stimulation to recovery of cell supernatants, and fluorescent labeling. Images were acquired automatically by high-throughput acquisition on an automated high-content imaging microscope. Under these methodological conditions standardized image acquisition provided for quantification of cellular responses allowing biological variability to be measured with low system noise and high biological signal fidelity. Optimal for automated analysis of immuno-phenotype of primary human cell responses our method and experimental framework as reported here is highly compatible to high-throughput screening protocols like those necessary for chemo-genomic screening. In context of primary fibroblasts derived from donors enrolled to the MI-clinical-study our results open the way to assert the utility of studying immune-phenotype characteristics relevant to a human clinical cohort.
A Reproducible and Scalable Process for Manufacturing a Pfs48/45 Based Plasmodium falciparum Transmission-Blocking Vaccine
Authors: Singh Susheel K. , Plieskatt Jordan , Chourasia Bishwanath K. , Fabra-García Amanda , Garcia-Senosiain Asier , Singh Vandana , Bengtsson Karin Lövgren , Reimer Jenny M. , Sauerwein Robert , Jore Matthijs M. , Theisen Michael
Published: January 2021

The cysteine-rich Pfs48/45 protein, a Plasmodium falciparum sexual stage surface protein, has been advancing as a candidate antigen for a transmission-blocking vaccine (TBV) for malaria. However, Pfs48/45 contains multiple disulfide bonds, that are critical for proper folding and induction of transmission-blocking (TB) antibodies. We have previously shown that R0.6C, a fusion of the 6C domain of Pfs48/45 and a fragment of PfGLURP (R0), expressed in Lactococcus lactis, was properly folded and induced transmission-blocking antibodies. Here we describe the process development and technology transfer of a scalable and reproducible process suitable for R0.6C manufacturing under current Good Manufacturing Practices (cGMP). This process resulted in a final purified yield of 25 mg/L, sufficient for clinical evaluation. A panel of analytical assays for release and stability assessment of R0.6C were developed including HPLC, SDS-PAGE, and immunoblotting with the conformation-dependent TB mAb45.1. Intact mass analysis of R0.6C confirmed the identity of the product including the three disulfide bonds and the absence of post-translational modifications. Multi-Angle Light Scattering (MALS) coupled to size exclusion chromatography (SEC-MALS), further confirmed that R0.6C was monomeric (~70 kDa) in solution. Lastly, preclinical studies demonstrated that the R0.6C Drug Product (adsorbed to Alhydrogel®) elicited functional antibodies in small rodents and that adding Matrix-M™ adjuvant further increased the functional response. Here, building upon our past work, we filled the gap between laboratory and manufacturing to ready R0.6C for production under cGMP and eventual clinical evaluation as a malaria TB vaccine.
Status and Exploitation of 74 Un-Assessed Demersal Fish and Invertebrate Stocks in the Aegean Sea (Greece) Using Abundance and Resilience
Authors: Tsikliras Athanassios C. , Touloumis Konstantinos , Pardalou Androniki , Adamidou Angeliki , Keramidas Ioannis , Orfanidis Georgios A. , Dimarchopoulou Donna , Koutrakis Manos
Published: January 2021

Stocks with low market value are rarely included in stock assessments because their catch records are generally lacking, thus adding to the already large number of un-assessed fisheries at a global scale. T his deficiency is more evident in the Mediterranean Sea where stock assessments are relatively fewer. A new method (AMSY) has been recently developed to assess stocks for which only abundance trends from scientific surveys are available. The AMSY method was used in the Aegean Sea to assess the status of 74 fish and invertebrate stocks (50 actinopterygians, 4 sharks, 5 rays, 12 cephalopods, and 3 crustaceans) for which catch data are lacking; 20 of them have medium or high market value and are being targeted by fishing fleets, while the remaining 54 are either not targeted, but by-caught and often discarded, or are not exploited at all. Overall, 31 of the 54 non-targeted stocks (57%) were healthy in terms of biomass (B/Bmsy > 1), whereas only 6 of the 20 targeted stocks (30%) were healthy. Of the 23 unhealthy non-targeted stocks, 12 were near healthy (B/Bmsy > 0.75), compared to only 1 of the targeted stocks, whereas 10 non-targeted stocks (19%) and 10 targeted ones (50%) were outside safe biological limits (B < 0.5Bmsy). Cephalopods and crustaceans were generally in a better status compared to fishes. The results confirm that fishing does not only affect commercial stocks, but it may also affect by-catch stocks. In general, stocks that are targeted by fishing fleets are in a worse status in terms of biomass compared to those that are only occasionally collected as by-catch or those that inhabit environments that are not accessible to fishing fleets.