bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A general spin-complete spin-flip configuration interaction method
Authors: Mato Joani , Gordon Mark S.
Published: January 2018

A new spin-complete spin-flip configuration interaction (SF-CI) method was developed using the ORMAS-CI algorithm, along with a perturbative correction for capturing dynamic and non-dynamic correlation.
The role of fullerenes in the environmental stability of polymer:fullerene solar cells
Authors: Lee Harrison Ka Hin , Telford Andrew M. , Röhr Jason A. , Wyatt Mark F. , Rice Beth , Wu Jiaying , de Castro Maciel Alexandre , Tuladhar Sachetan M. , Speller Emily , McGettrick James , Searle Justin R. , Pont Sebastian , Watson Trystan , Kirchartz Thomas , Durrant James R. , Tsoi Wing C. , Nelson Jenny , Li Zhe
Published: January 2018

Environmental stability is a common challenge for the commercialisation of low cost, encapsulation-free organic opto-electronic devices.
Comparative studies on the hypolipidemic, antioxidant and hepatoprotective activities of catechin-enriched green and oolong tea in a double-blind clinical trial
Authors: Venkatakrishnan Kamesh , Chiu Hui-Fang , Cheng Ju-Chun , Chang Ya-Hui , Lu Yan-Ying , Han Yi-Chun , Shen You-Cheng , Tsai Kun-Shun , Wang Chin-Kun
Published: January 2018

Comparative effect of catechin-enriched green tea and oolong tea on mildly hypercholesterolemic subjects.
Sono-transformation of tannic acid into biofunctional ellagic acid micro/nanocrystals with distinct morphologies
Authors: Bhangu Sukhvir Kaur , Singla Ritu , Colombo Enrico , Ashokkumar Muthupandian , Cavalieri Francesca
Published: January 2018

A sustainable, reagent-less and one-pot ultrasonic methodology has been developed to transform amorphous tannic acid into regularly shaped crystalline ellagic acid particles.
A ratiometric fluorescence probe for rapid detection of mitochondrial SO2 derivatives
Authors: Song Guang-Jie , Luo Jing , Xing Xu-jiao , Ma Han-Lin , Yang Di , Cao Xiao-Qun , Ge Yan-qing , Zhao Bao-Xiang
Published: January 2018

In this study, we report a fluorescent probe (CBT) for detecting SO2 derivatives in ratiometric fluorescence manner.
Reduced sintering of mass-selected Au clusters on SiO2by alloying with Ti: an aberration-corrected STEM and computational study
Authors: Niu Yubiao , Schlexer Philomena , Sebok Bela , Chorkendorff Ib , Pacchioni Gianfranco , Palmer Richard E.
Published: January 2018

Reduced sintering of mass-selected Au clusters on SiO2by alloying with Ti.
Modulating interactions between ligand-coated nanoparticles and phase-separated lipid bilayers by varying the ligand density and the surface charge
Authors: Chen Xiaojie , Tieleman D. Peter , Liang Qing
Published: January 2018

Interactions between ligand-coated nanoparticles and phase-separated lipid bilayers can be readily modulated by varying the ligand density and surface charge.
Controllable colloidal synthesis of anisotropic tin dichalcogenide nanocrystals for thin film thermoelectrics
Authors: Yin Deqiang , Liu Yang , Dun Chaochao , Carroll David L. , Swihart Mark T.
Published: January 2018

A colloidal synthesis strategy to produce tin dichalcogenide nanocrystals with controllable stoichiometry, vacancies, shape, and crystal structure is presented.
Enhanced adhesion of ZnO nanowires duringin situscanning electron microscope peeling
Authors: Mead J. L. , Xie H. , Wang S. , Huang H.
Published: January 2018

The adhesion behaviour of ZnO nanowires is influenced by electron beam induced chemical and electrostatic interactions.
A highly efficient nucleophilic substitution reaction between R2P(O)H and triarylmethanols to synthesize phosphorus-substituted triarylmethanes
Authors: Chen Long , Fang Xin-Yue , Zou Yun-Xiang
Published: January 2018

A highly efficient nucleophilic substitution reaction between R2P(O)H and triarylmethanols was reported, which provides phosphorus-substituted triarylmethanes in rich diversity with 40–96% yields.
Synthesis and properties of a twin donor molecule composed of cofacially stacked dihydrodiazapentacenes
Authors: Sakamaki Daisuke , Saeki Hidenori , Seki Shu
Published: January 2018

A clip-shaped donor–acceptor–donor (D–A–D) molecule has been prepared with 6,13-dihydro-6,13-diazapentacene (DHDAP) as a building unit.
Alkali metal impact on structural and phonon properties of Er3+ and Tm3+ co-doped MY(WO4)2 (M = Li, Na, K) nanocrystals
Authors: Ropuszyńska-Robak P. , Tomaszewski P. E. , Kępiński L. , Macalik L.
Published: January 2018

TEM images of NaY(WO4)2:Er, Tm nanocrystalline powders synthesized by the Pechini method after calcination at (a) 550 °C, (b) 600 °C and (c) 700 °C.
Adsorption of tetracycline antibiotics from an aqueous solution onto graphene oxide/calcium alginate composite fibers
Authors: Zhu Haotian , Chen Tao , Liu Jingquan , Li Da
Published: January 2018

In this study, we report the preparation of a novel environmentally friendly and highly efficient adsorbent, graphene oxide/calcium alginate (GO/CA) composite fibers, via a freeze-drying method using calcium chloride as a cross-linking reagent between graphene oxide and sodium alginate.
Long non-coding RNA PVT1 facilitates cell proliferation by epigenetically regulating FOXF1 in breast cancer
Authors: Guo Guangcheng , Wang Fang , Han Mingli , Gu Yuanting , Duan Xin , Li Lin
Published: January 2018

Plasmacytoma variant translocation 1 (PVT1) expression was elevated in breast cancer tissues and correlated to breast cancer progression and prognosis.
Corrosion behavior of 904L austenitic stainless steel in hydrofluoric acid
Authors: Zou Guobo , Shi Wei , Xiang Song , Ji Xuanming , Ma Guoqiang , Ballinger R. G.
Published: January 2018

An insoluble layer is deposited on 904L in HF due to a preferential reaction between [F−] and the [Ni] from the alloy. This insoluble deposit layer helps isolate the aggressive ions from the base metal, while inhibits the passivation of 904L in HF.
Luminescent biomimetic citrate-coated europium-doped carbonated apatite nanoparticles for use in bioimaging: physico-chemistry and cytocompatibility
Authors: Gómez-Morales Jaime , Verdugo-Escamilla Cristóbal , Fernández-Penas Raquel , Parra-Milla Carmen María , Drouet Christophe , Maube-Bosc Françoise , Oltolina Francesca , Prat Maria , Fernández-Sánchez Jorge Fernando
Published: January 2018

Biomimetic citrate-coated europium doped carbonated apatite nanoparticles show a high luminescence intensity and cytocompatibility for uses in cell/tissue imaging.
Mechanism studies of addition reactions between the pyrimidine type radicals and their 3′/5′ neighboring deoxyguanosines
Authors: Wang Shoushan , Zhang Min , Liu Peng , Xie Shilei , Cheng Faliang , Wang Lishi
Published: January 2018

For each radical, the 5′ G/C8 addition is a simple direct one-step reaction, while a structurally significant and thermodynamically markedly unfavorable conformational adjustment is indispensable for the 3′ G/C8 addition.
Maleimidation of dextran and the application in designing a dextran–camptothecin conjugate
Authors: Zhu Qiwen , Bao Bin , Zhang Qiumeng , Yu Jiahui , Lu Wei
Published: January 2018

In this study, we developed the maleimidiation of dextran and applied it in a camptothecin drug delivery system.
A simple fluorescent assay for cyromazine detection in raw milk by using CYR-stabilized G-quadruplex formation
Authors: Xing Haibo , Gu Wenchao , Xu Dang , Tian Fuxiang , Yao Linyun , Wang Zhenwei , Hu Xiaojun
Published: January 2018

A rapid biosensor for the detection of cyromazine in milk is reported based on a fluorescence quenching result.
Theoretical and experimental studies of the influence of gold ions and DMH on cyanide-free gold electrodeposition
Authors: Ren Xuefeng , An Maozhong
Published: January 2018

Au3+ is the appropriate gold source for the DMH-based gold electroplating electrolyte to get greater cathodic polarization.
Investigation on the enhanced catalytic activity of a Ni-promoted Pd/C catalyst for formic acid dehydrogenation: effects of preparation methods and Ni/Pd ratios
Authors: Kim Yongwoo , Kim Jonghyun , Kim Do Heui
Published: January 2018

In this present work, we studied the effects of preparation methods and Ni/Pd ratios on the catalytic activity of a Ni-promoted Pd/C catalyst for the formic acid dehydrogenation (FAD) reaction.
Total chemical synthesis of glycocin F and analogues: S-glycosylation confers improved antimicrobial activity
Authors: Amso Zaid , Bisset Sean W. , Yang Sung-Hyun , Harris Paul W. R. , Wright Tom H. , Navo Claudio D. , Patchett Mark L. , Norris Gillian E. , Brimble Margaret A.
Published: January 2018

Replacing the O-linked saccharide in the bacteriocin glycocin F with an S-linked version results in a peptidomimetic that increases the bacteriostatic effect.
A practical, organic-mediated, hybrid electrolyser that decouples hydrogen production at high current densities
Authors: Kirkaldy Niall , Chisholm Greig , Chen Jia-Jia , Cronin Leroy
Published: January 2018

A hybrid electrolyser utilising anthraquinone disulfonic acid allows H2 and O2 production to be decoupled at current densities of up to 3.71 A cm−2, and provides an inherently safer and more flexible approach to water splitting.
Liquid-assisted exfoliation of 2D hBN flakes and their dispersion in PEO to fabricate highly specific and stable linear humidity sensors
Authors: Sajid Memoon , Kim Hyun Bum , Lim Jong Hwan , Choi Kyung Hyun
Published: January 2018

A highly specific and sensitive linear humidity sensor has been fabricated using a dispersion of 2D hexagonal boron nitride (hBN) flakes in polyethylene oxide (PEO).
Influence of morphology in the magnetic properties of layered double hydroxides
Authors: Carrasco Jose A. , Abellán Gonzalo , Coronado Eugenio
Published: January 2018

We report the synthesis of magnetic CoAl and NiFe layered double hydroxides endowed with well-defined morphology (hexagonal and flower-like shapes) and how the distortion of the nanosheets influences their magnetic properties.
Gut microbiota in cardiovascular disease and heart failure
Authors: Kitai Takeshi , Tang W.H. Wilson
Published: January 2018

Accumulating evidence supports a relationship between the complexity and diversity of the gut microbiota and host diseases. In addition to alterations in the gut microbial composition, the metabolic potential of gut microbiota has been identified as a contributing factor in the development of diseases. Recent technological developments of molecular and biochemical analyses enable us to detect and characterize the gut microbiota via assessment and classification of its genomes and corresponding metabolites. These advances have provided emerging data supporting the role of gut microbiota in various physiological activities including host metabolism, neurological development, energy homeostasis, and immune regulation. Although few human studies have looked into the causative associations and underlying pathophysiology of the gut microbiota and host disease, a growing body of preclinical and clinical evidence supports the theory that the gut microbiota and its metabolites have the potential to be a novel therapeutic and preventative target for cardiovascular and metabolic diseases. In this review, we highlight the interplay between the gut microbiota and its metabolites, and the development and progression of hypertension, heart failure, and chronic kidney disease.
Multi‐objective robust dynamic VAR planning in power transmission girds for improving short‐term voltage stability under uncertainties
Authors: Han Tong , Chen Yanbo , Ma Jin
Published: January 2018

Modern power transmission grids are facing more and more critical short‐term voltage stability problems. This study proposes a novel robust dynamic VAR planning approach for improving the short‐term voltage stability level under uncertainties including the peak load level, the maximum proportion of dynamic load, fault clearing time and deviation of the actual capacity of dynamic VAR compensators from rated capacity when contingencies occur. The robust dynamic VAR planning problem is formulated as a multi‐objective optimisation model with objectives including the investment cost, the expectation and robustness of the short‐term voltage stability level. The complexity of the planning model is firstly reduced by selecting severe contingencies and potential buses, leading to a simplified multi‐objective optimisation model. Latin hypercube sampling is then used for the uncertainty quantification. The simplified multi‐objective optimisation model is then solved by the combination of a multi‐objective evolutionary algorithm called ‐NSGAII and extreme learning machine‐based surrogate modelling with adaptive training data sampling. This combination significantly reduces the unaffordable computing burden. Simulations are carried on the IEEE 39‐bus system, illustrating that the authors proposed methodology is reliable with high computational efficiency, and offering decision‐makers planning solutions with high mean performance and strong robustness with respect to the short‐term voltage stability level.
Hyperspectral image classification based on adaptive‐weighted LLE and clustering‐based FSVMs
Authors: Ge Haimiao , Wang Liguo , Liu Yanzhong , Li Cheng , Chen Ruixin
Published: January 2018

An improved version of supervised locally linear embedding is proposed. In this algorithm, the weight factors of the supervised method are adaptively achieved. This method can simplify the supervised feature extraction algorithm by reducing parameters. To improve classification accuracy, a clustering‐based fuzzy support vector machine (FSVM) is proposed. Different from traditional FSVMs, the proposed method constructs the fuzzy weights by inner‐class clusters. In the proposed method, loose density is defined to express the compactness of the inner‐class clusters. The proposed algorithm can restrain the noise and outliers by exploiting the method of endowing with smaller weight for big loose density and bigger weight for the small loose density of samples in the clusters. To inspect the performance of the proposed methods, we conduct experiments on two hyper‐spectral images. Results show that the two methods are competitive among the competitors.
Determination of optimal electroencephalography recording locations for detecting drowsy driving
Authors: Zhang Chaofei , Wang Wenjun , Chen Chaoyang , Zeng Chao , Anderson Dennis E. , Cheng Bo
Published: January 2018

Early detection of drowsy driving is an important issue for driving safety. Quantitative electroencephalography (EEG) is an attractive method for detecting brain activity changes. However, further study is still needed to evaluate the feasibility of wearable devices that can detect drowsy driving in real‐world settings. This study sought to determine whether convenient EEG recording locations are sensitive in detecting brain activity changes associated with drowsy driving and to characterise these EEG changes. Twenty‐two healthy adult subjects were recruited to participate in a car‐following task using a driving simulator. EEG data were recorded from four locations, two frontals (Fp1, Fp2) and two temporals (T3, T4) of the brain while driving. The results showed that the increase of δ activity, decrease of θ and α activity and a decrease of spectral edge frequency at 90% were found in the drowsy state compared to the alert state (paired t ‐tests, p  < 0.05). Effect sizes for EEG changes were larger at the temporal locations compared to frontal locations. This suggests temporal locations can be feasible recording locations for wearable monitoring devices to detect drowsy driving.
Simulation‐driven size‐reduction‐oriented design of multi‐band antennas by means of response features
Authors: Koziel Slawomir , Bekasiewicz Adrian
Published: January 2018

This study addresses the problem of explicit size reduction of multi‐band antennas by means of simulation‐driven optimisation. The principal difficulty of electromagnetic (EM)‐based miniaturisation of multi‐band antennas is that several resonances have to be controlled independently (both in terms of their frequency allocation and depth) while attempting to reduce physical dimensions of the structure at hand. The design method of choice in this work is feature‐based optimisation (FBO) framework. The methodology has been shown as appropriate for handling multi‐band antenna responses. The primary objective of the optimisation process is the footprint area of the antenna. At the same time, design requirements pertinent to reflection characteristics are handled by means of a penalty function approach. The properties of the FBO framework, namely ‘flattening’ of the functional landscape, allows to keep the design optimisation costs at acceptable levels of few dozens of evaluation of the EM simulation model of the antenna. For the sake of demonstration, two antenna structures are considered, a dual‐band patch antenna, and a triple‐band dipole antenna. Considerable size‐reduction ratios are achieved, over 50% and almost 30% for the first and the second structures, respectively. Numerical results are validated experimentally.
UPC strategy and implementation for buck–buck/boost PF correction converter
Authors: Memon Abdul Hakeem , Yao Kai
Published: January 2018

Nowadays, low power factor (PF) is a serious problem that has gained more importance in power electronics area. In this study, a unity PF control (UPC) strategy for boundary conduction mode (BCM) buck–buck/boost PF correction converter is proposed. The proposed control strategy can achieve high PF and low total harmonic distortion by utilising the input and output voltages to modulate the on‐time of both buck and buck/boost switches. The operating principles and comparative analysis of BCM buck–buck/boost converter with conventional non‐UPC and UPC are analysed. For verifying the effectiveness of the proposed control strategy, the experimental verifications are carried out from a 100 W universal input prototype.
Compressive sensing for localisation in wireless sensor networks: an approach for energy and error control
Authors: Alwan Nuha A.S. , Hussain Zahir M.
Published: January 2018

Energy efficiency is an important requirement in wireless sensor networks in order to achieve cost‐effectiveness and practical implementation. The present work deals with the problem of minimising node power consumption in the context of moving‐node localisation and tracking. Time‐of‐arrival measurements are sent from anchor nodes to a powerful, usually sophisticated, central node, called the fusion centre, where all computations are performed. Low data rates are desirable to economise on node energy but result in sub‐optimal localisation accuracy. It makes sense, therefore, to sample measurements at a low data rate while interpolating the data stream at the fusion centre to improve localisation. The localisation error is remarkably reduced and energy efficiency increased by using this conventional sample rate conversion technique. A further improvement in terms of localisation error is achieved using compressive sensing (via random sampling and interpolation), whereby the localisation error function is shown to decrease with higher‐average random sampling periods.
Facile one‐pot synthesis of silica‐based lipase nanocatalysts for improving stability
Authors: Zhou Yan , Sun Shanshan , Jiang Shuhui , Liang Hao
Published: January 2018

The inactivation of lipases caused by organic solvents, high temperature, extremely acidic and alkaline requires a high stability. In this work, a novel one‐pot synthesis for the lipase immobilisation on silica nanoparticles was reported. The optimal amounts of (3‐ammonia propyl) triethoxysilane (APTES) and ammonia were studied. The apparent Km value of the immobilised Candida rugosa lipase (CRL) was lower than that of free enzyme, showing affinity of the immobilised CRL to its substrate had increased. The results of stability test showed that the immobilised lipase was more stable than free enzyme at different temperatures and pH values. In particular, the immobilised CRL kept 96% activity at 90°C, while the free enzyme only remained 75% activity. Immobilised lipase had high catalytic efficiency, enhanced stability and recyclable usability compared to free enzymes, because of the cross‐linking between the protein and the rigid carrier. Therefore, the immobilised method would be beneficial to improving the activity and stability of enzyme universally.
Analysis of GaN nanoscale FinFET for low power circuit applications
Authors: Das Rajashree , Baishya Srimanta
Published: January 2018

This work introduces a structure of GaN FinFET at the nanoscale (channel length L = 5 nm) and characterises its performance in low power circuit applications. The simulated outcomes justify its application in circuits having , , and of the order of , , and , respectively, with quality factor Q = 1.11 × 10−5 S‐dec/mV computed at and VDS = 0.5 V. The measured observations are compared with other materials and we observed significant improvement, of the orders of 1 in the case of and 3 in the case of ; while the same for the Q witnesses a growth of 42%, especially with respect to silicon. The prospect of the proposed device architecture has also been investigated by implementing it in the digital circuits such as the inverter and universal logic gates (NAND and NOR gates), where it showed improved performance like high gain and absence of overshoot and undershoot in the switching characteristics.
PTF11mnb: First analog of supernova 2005bf
Authors: Taddia F. , Sollerman J. , Fremling C. , Karamehmetoglu E. , Quimby R. M. , Gal-Yam A. , Yaron O. , Kasliwal M. M. , Kulkarni S. R. , Nugent P. E. , Smadja G. , Tao C.
Published: January 2018

Aims. We study PTF11mnb, a He-poor supernova (SN) whose light curves resemble those of SN 2005bf, a peculiar double-peaked stripped-envelope (SE) SN, until the declining phase after the main peak. We investigate the mechanism powering its light curve and the nature of its progenitor star.

Methods. Optical photometry and spectroscopy of PTF11mnb are presented. We compared light curves, colors and spectral properties to those of SN 2005bf and normal SE SNe. We built a bolometric light curve and modeled this light curve with the SuperNova Explosion Code (SNEC) hydrodynamical code explosion of a MESA progenitor star and semi-analytic models.

Results. The light curve of PTF11mnb turns out to be similar to that of SN 2005bf until ~50 d when the main (secondary) peaks occur at −18.5 mag. The early peak occurs at ~20 d and is about 1.0 mag fainter. After the main peak, the decline rate of PTF11mnb is remarkably slower than what was observed in SN 2005bf, and it traces well the 56Co decay rate. The spectra of PTF11mnb reveal a SN Ic and have no traces of He unlike in the case of SN Ib 2005bf, although they have velocities comparable to those of SN 2005bf. The whole evolution of the bolometric light curve is well reproduced by the explosion of a massive (Mej = 7.8 M⊙), He-poor star characterized by a double-peaked 56Ni distribution, a total 56Ni mass of 0.59 M⊙, and an explosion energy of 2.2 × 1051 erg. Alternatively, a normal SN Ib/c explosion (M(56Ni) = 0.11 M⊙, EK = 0.2 × 1051 erg, Mej = 1 M⊙) can power the first peak while a magnetar, with a magnetic field characterized by B = 5.0 × 1014 G, and a rotation period of P = 18.1 ms, provides energy for the main peak. The early g-band light curve can be fit with a shock-breakout cooling tail or an extended envelope model from which a radius of at least 30 R⊙ is obtained.

Conclusions. We presented a scenario where PTF11mnb was the explosion of a massive, He-poor star, characterized by a double-peaked 56Ni distribution. In this case, the ejecta mass and the absence of He imply a large ZAMS mass (~85 M⊙) for the progenitor, which most likely was a Wolf-Rayet star, surrounded by an extended envelope formed either by a pre-SN eruption or due to a binary configuration. Alternatively, PTF11mnb could be powered by a SE SN with a less massive progenitor during the first peak and by a magnetar afterward.
Environmental impact of emissions from incineration plants in comparison to typical heating systems
Authors: Wielgosiński Grzegorz , Namiecińska Olga , Czerwińska Justyna
Published: January 2018

In recent years, five modern municipal waste incineration plants have been built in Poland. Next ones are being constructed and at the same time building of several others is being considered. Despite positive experience with the operation of the existing installations, each project of building a new incinerator raises a lot of emotions and social protests. The main argument against construction of an incineration plant is the emission of pollutants. The work compares emissions from municipal waste incineration plants with those from typical heating plants: in the first part, for comparison large heating plants equipped with pulverized coal-fired boilers (OP-140), stoker-fired boilers (three OR-32 boilers) or gas blocks with heat output of about 100 MW have been selected, while the second part compares WR-10 and WR-25 stoker-fired boilers most popular in our heating industry with thermal treatment systems for municipal waste or refuse-derived-fuel (RDF) with similar heat output. Both absolute emission and impact - immission of pollutants in vicinity of the plant were analyzed.
The intensive DT neutron generator of TU Dresden
Authors: Klix Axel , DÖring Toralf , Domula Alexander , Zuber Kai
Published: January 2018

TU Dresden operates an accelerator-based intensive DT neutron generator. Experimental activities comprise investigation into material activation and decay, neutron and photon transport in matter and R&D work on radiation detectors for harsh environments. The intense DT neutron generator is capable to produce a maximum of 1012n/s. The neutron source is a solid-type water-cooled tritium target based on a titanium matrix on a copper carrier. The neutron yield at a typical deuteron beam current of 1 mA is of the order of 1011n/s in 4Π. A pneumatic sample transport system is available for short-time irradiations and connected to wo high-purity germanium detector spectrometers for the measurement of induced activities. The overall design of the experimental hall with the neutron generator allows a flexible setup of experiments including the possibility of investigating larger structures and cooled samples or samples at high temperatures.
Characterization and localization of partial-discharge-induced pulses in fission chambers designed for sodium-cooled fast reactors
Authors: Galli G. , Hamrita H. , Jammes C. , Kirkpatrick M.J. , Odic E. , Dessante Ph. , Molinie Ph. , Cantonnet B. , Nappé J-C.
Published: January 2018

During the operation of the Superphenix and Phenix reactors, an aberrant electrical signal was detected from the fission chambers used for neutron flux monitoring. This signal, thought to be due to partial electrical discharge (PD) is similar to the signal resulting from neutron interactions, and is generated in fission chambers at temperatures above 400 °C. This paper reports work on the characterization and localization of the source of this electrical signal in a High Temperature Fission Chamber (HTFC).

The relation between the shape of the PD signal and various parameters (nature and pressure of the chamber filling gas, electrode gap distance, and fission chamber geometry) are first described. Next, experiments designed to identify the location within the chambers where the PD are being generated are presented. After verification and refinement of the results of these localization studies, it should be possible to propose changes to the fission chamber in order to reduce or eliminate the PD signal.
A large area diamond-based beam tagging hodoscope for ion therapy monitoring
Authors: Gallin-Martel M.-L. , Abbassi L. , Bes A. , Bosson G. , Collot J. , Crozes T. , Curtoni S. , Dauvergne D. , De Nolf W. , Fontana M. , Gallin-Martel L. , Hostachy J.-Y. , Krimmer J. , Lacoste A. , Marcatili S. , Morse J. , Motte J.-F. , Muraz J.-F. , Rarbi F. E. , Rossetto O. , Salomé M. , Testa É. , Vuiart R. , Yamouni M.
Published: January 2018

The MoniDiam project is part of the French national collaboration CLaRyS (Contrôle en Ligne de l’hAdronthérapie par RaYonnements Secondaires) for on-line monitoring of hadron therapy. It relies on the imaging of nuclear reaction products that is related to the ion range. The goal here is to provide large area beam detectors with a high detection efficiency for carbon or proton beams giving time and position measurement at 100 MHz count rates (beam tagging hodoscope). High radiation hardness and intrinsic electronic properties make diamonds reliable and very fast detectors with a good signal to noise ratio. Commercial Chemical Vapor Deposited (CVD) poly-crystalline, heteroepitaxial and monocrystalline diamonds were studied. Their applicability as a particle detector was investigated using α and β radioactive sources, 95 MeV/u carbon ion beams at GANIL and 8.5 keV X-ray photon bunches from ESRF. This facility offers the unique capability of providing a focused (~1 μm) beam in bunches of 100 ps duration, with an almost uniform energy deposition in the irradiated detector volume, therefore mimicking the interaction of single ions. A signal rise time resolution ranging from 20 to 90 ps rms and an energy resolution of 7 to 9% were measured using diamonds with aluminum disk shaped surface metallization. This enabled us to conclude that polycrystalline CVD diamond detectors are good candidates for our beam tagging hodoscope development. Recently, double-side stripped metallized diamonds were tested using the XBIC (X Rays Beam Induced Current) set-up of the ID21 beamline at ESRF which permits us to evaluate the capability of diamond to be used as position sensitive detector. The final detector will consist in a mosaic arrangement of double-side stripped diamond sensors read out by a dedicated fast-integrated electronics of several hundreds of channels.
Uso da técnica de tubulização para o reparo de lesões do sistema nervoso periférico
Authors: Silva Freitas Thiago da , Flores Leandro Pretto
Published: January 2018

As primeiras cirurgias de nervos periféricos começaram a ser realizadas há mais de 150 anos e precocemente se observou que as suturas término-terminais, quando feitas sob tensão, resultavam em limitados resultados funcionais. A utilização de algum tipo de tecido interposto entre os cotos do nervo traumatizado foi logo idealizada como alternativa e, atualmente, o uso de enxertos neurais autólogos permanece como o “padrão-ouro” para o tratamento de lesões extensas do sistema nervoso periférico. Porém, a técnica apresenta algumas limitações, que resultam em morbidade para o paciente. Esses fatos motivaram o desenvolvimento de materiais alternativos para servir como condutor de enxertos, dando início às pesquisas das técnicas de tubulização. Os tubos biológicos, como veias ou de veias enriquecidas com músculo esquelético, demonstraram resultados favoráveis tanto em estudos clínicos quanto em experimentais. O uso de materiais sintéticos também foi alvo de avaliação, apresentando resultados animadores com os tubos de silicone e de ácido poliglicólico.

Esta revisão objetiva descrever a evolução histórica e os resultados dos ensaios clínicos e experimentais obtidos com as técnicas de tubulização para o tratamento das lesões traumáticas do sistema nervoso periférico.
Análise de metaloproteases de matriz extracelular como indicador prognóstico nos gliomas malignos
Authors: da Fonseca Clovis Orlando , Masini Marcos , Schwartsmann Gilberto , Simão Marcela , Futuro Débora , Caetano Regina , Gattass Cerli Rocha , Oliveira Elen de , Quirico-Santos Thereza
Published: January 2018

Introdução: Metaloproteases de matriz extracelular (MMP) são enzimas proteolíticas sintetizadas na fase de fenótipo mais agressivo dos gliomas malignos, degradando proteínas da matriz extracelular, ocasionando ruptura da barreira hematoencefálica e contribuindo para a resposta neuroinflamatória, angiogênese e migração. Estudos mostram expressão de gelatinase A (MMP-2) proeminentemente nas células gliais tumorais, com pouca expressão na microvasculatura, enquanto expressão de gelatinase B (MMP-9) é proeminente na microvasculatura, com pouco sinal nas células tumorais. Objetivo: Neste estudo analisamos amostras de soro de 34 pacientes com gliomas malignos recidivos, antes e durante o tratamento com álcool perílico por via inalatória para determinar se a expressão de MMP poderia ser usada como indicador prognóstico. Métodos: A atividade gelatinase (MMP-2, MMP-9) nas amostras de soro foi determinada por zimografia e a atividade enzimática relativa foi determinada utilizando-se programa de análise densitométrica. Os valores foram correlacionados com exames de imagem e sobrevida dos pacientes. Resultados: Os resultados obtidos em nosso estudo evidenciaram que os pacientes com gliomas malignos apresentaram aumento da expressão de MMP-2 e MMP-9 quando comparados com pacientes saudáveis. Expressão aumentada de MMP-2 foi proporcional à progressão tumoral, sobrevida desfavorável e área de edema peritumoral. Conclusão: Esses resultados indicam proporcionalidade entre a expressão de MMP-2 e a malignidade dos gliomas, sugerindo seu emprego como indicador prognóstico para recorrência tumoral pós-operatória e sobrevida desfavorável dos pacientes.
Xantoastrocitoma pleomórfico na infância: Relato de dois casos
Authors: Tude Melo José Roberto , Bastos de Souza André Luiz Pitanga , Barbosa Pereira Júlio Leonardo , Reis Rodolfo Casimiro , Cardoso de Almeida Marco Antônio
Published: January 2018

O xantoastrocitoma pleomórfico é uma neoplasia rara, classificada como grau II ou III pela Organização Mundial da Saúde, a depender do aspecto histopatológico. Descrevemos dois casos de portadores de xantoastrocitoma pleomórfico, cujo tratamento escolhido foi cirúrgico. A associação com quimioterapia foi realizada em um dos pacientes. Haja vista a baixa freqüência desse tipo de neoplasia, torna-se fundamental a realização de novos estudos para o desenvolvimento de protocolos de tratamento que vislumbrem a diminuição da taxa de recidivas.
Meningioma angiomatoso selar tratado por radiocirurgia: Relato de caso
Authors: de Oliveira Brito José Nazareno Pearce , Monti Carlos Roberto , Montemor José Paulo , Ibiapina Jerúsia Oliveira , Gonçalves Aguiar Anna Luyza N. , Batista Burlamaqui Ana Karoline
Published: January 2018

Os meningiomas são os tumores cerebrais mesodermais, ocorrendo em 13% a 19% de todos os tumores cerebrais. Cerca de 40% deles ocorrem na base do crânio, na região selar, e 10% nas regiões parasselares, incluindo a região da asa do esfenoide, bulbo olfatório, tubérculo e diafragma selares. É relatado o caso de paciente com meningioma angiomatoso selar, submetido previamente à cirurgia transesfenoidal e, posteriormente, tratado por radiocirurgia estereotáxica. A evolução foi satisfatória, com remissão completa das crises de cefaleia e da ptose preexistente.
Anomalias dos nervos lombossacrais em natimortos a termo. Estudo anatômico
Authors: Carvalho Max Franco de , Rocha Roberta Teixeira , Silva Monteiro João Tiago , Pereira Carlos Umberto , Carvalho Alex Franco de , Prado Reis Francisco do
Published: January 2018

Contexto: Existe controvérsia entre autores quanto à incidência de variações anatômicas dos nervos espinhais lombossacros. A incidência dessas anomalias nervosas varia de 0% a 30% como verificado em estudos anatômicos em cadáveres adultos de diferentes nacionalidades, de 2,0% a 4,0% em estudos de imagem diagnóstica e de 0,34% a 10% em séries cirúrgicas. Objetivo: Determinar a incidência de anomalias anatômicas nos nervos espinhais lombossacros em 40 natimortos a termo de nacionalidade brasileira. Métodos: O segmento lombossacro da coluna vertebral de 40 natimortos, provenientes do laboratório de patologia clínica do Hospital Universitário da Universidade Federal de Sergipe (UFS), foi estudado no Laboratório de Neuroanatomia do Departamento de Morfologia da UFS. Foram excluídos aqueles casos que possuíam síndromes ou qualquer defeito orgânico associado. Os espécimes anatômicos foram fixados com solução de formaldeído a 10%, infundida por meio da veia umbilical. As peças foram preparadas com a ressecção em bloco das partes moles dorsais, processos espinhosos e lâminas da décima vértebra torácica até o sacro. Resultado: Neste estudo, foram encontradas seis variações anatômicas dos nervos espinhais lombossacros, em seis diferentes espécimes, de quatro tipos, totalizando 15% das peças. As variações anatômicas dos nervos espinhais lombossacros foram classificadas em oito tipos, sendo a anastomose intradural a mais presente. O quinto nervo lombar foi o mais frequentemente comprometido Não foi observada diferença significativa quanto ao sexo e lado envolvido. Conclusão: O presente estudo enfatiza a importância do conhecimento dessas anomalias anatômicas durante os procedimentos cirúrgicos na região lombossacral, pois não se trata de evento muito raro.
Impacto da utilização do rFVIIa nas hemorragias intracranianas: Revisão da literatura
Authors: Damiani Daniel , Laudanna Natalia , Godoy Roberto
Published: January 2018

Objetivo: Revisão sobre as doenças cerebrovasculares hemorrágicas (DEVH), com ênfase em sua fisiopatologia, avaliando a utilização de um agente hemostático de ação localizada — fator VII recombinante ativado (rFVIIa) — no contexto de agente neuroprotetor. Método: Como ferramenta de busca, utilizamos Medline, Scielo e Cochraine cruzando os termos: “rFVIIa intracranial hemorrhage”; “penumbra zone”; “intracranial trauma rFVIIa”; “hemorrhagic stroke rFVIIa”, selecionados do período de 1995-2008. Avaliamos trabalhos que mostraram a utilização do rFVIIa em situações neurológicas críticas, incluindo traumatismo craniencefálico, hemorragia subaracnóidea, hematomas sub e extradural e hemorragia intraventricular, tendo como parâmetros valores referentes ao tempo de protrombina, tempo de tromboplastina parcial ativada e índice de normalização internacional antes e após a utilização desse agente hemostático.
Técnica de microincisão na cirurgia do túnel do carpo
Authors: de Holanda Luciano Ferreira , Holanda Rafael Rodrigues , Silva Filho Amauri Pereira da , Leão Segundo José da Costa , Holanda Vanessa Milanezi , Araújo Pereira Benedito Jamilson
Published: January 2018

Contexto: O tratamento proposto para síndrome do túnel do carpo é dividido em conservador e cirúrgico. O tratamento conservador versa em fisioterapia e uso de medicamentos. A cirurgia para liberação do túnel do carpo é um assunto corrente na literatura, motivo de diversas publicações, principalmente a partir dos anos 1950. Na liberação tradicional, o cirurgião faz uma incisão de 5 cm a 6 cm, estendida longitudinalmente em relação à prega formada pelo punho, e realiza a liberação do ligamento transverso do carpo sob visualização direta. Objetivo: Apresentar a técnica cirúrgica desenvolvida por nós, que consiste em uma microincisão de 1 cm na linha média da prega do punho e recortar os bordos do retináculo dos flexores, e demonstrar as vantagens dessa técnica, perante a vigente. Casuística: A técnica foi utilizada em 40 pacientes de ambos os gêneros, das mais variadas faixas etárias, atendidos e acompanhados no Hospital Antônio Targino e na Clínica de Neurologia e Neurocirurgia Domício Holanda, (ambos situados na cidade de Campina Grande, PB) com síndrome do túnel do carpo no período de janeiro de 1993 a dezembro de 2008. Resultados: Verificou-se que houve diminuição da dor, a técnica proporcionou melhor efeito estético, uma vez que, pela microincisão na linha da prega palmar, pouco tempo após o procedimento a cicatriz perdia-se entre as pregas palmares; em nenhum dos pacientes acompanhados após a cirurgia houve recidiva, constituindo uma vantagem sobre a técnica vigente; quanto à cicatrização, não houve formação de queloides em nenhum dos pacientes, ratificando-se melhor reposta cicatrizante; melhor exequibilidade ao cirurgião e menor tempo cirúrgico. Conclusão: A técnica apresentada oferece resultados extraordinários, diminuindo a chance de recidivas, trazendo melhor exequibilidade ao cirurgião e levando maior satisfação aos pacientes.
Fasciite craniana em paciente jovem
Authors: de Alencar Francisco José , Medina Prado Gerson Luis , dos Santos Lina Gomes , Martins Guerra Maria Tereza Paraguassú , Pinto Carneiro Maximiliano Ramos , Falcão Pinheiro Camila Brito , Jesus Lima Márcia Beatriz de
Published: January 2018

Fasciite craniana é uma lesão benigna rara do crânio, semelhante à fasciite nodular que ocorre mais frequentemente na infância. Embora seja rara, essa lesão pode mimetizar entidades mais agressivas. Clinicamente, apresenta-se como uma massa indolor e que raramente produz sintomas neurológicos. Objetiva-se, aqui, relatar um caso de fasciite craniana em adolescente de 14 anos, descrevendo os seus achados clínicos, de neuroimagem e anatomopatológicos, além de uma breve revisão da literatura.
Astrocitoma anaplásico do cerebelo: relato de caso
Authors: Tizziani Márcia Raquel , Castro Velasco Alfonso Ramos de , Sobrido Rodrigo Pedrosa , Verdelho António José
Published: January 2018

Astrocitomas de alto grau são tumores de apresentação rara na fossa posterior, especialmente na idade adulta. A sobrevida média descrita na literatura é de cerca de 14 a 32 meses. A apresentação clínica mais frequente é na forma de síndrome de hipertensão intracraniana. Tende a evoluir com disseminação leptomeníngea e também pode estender-se ao tronco cerebral e à medula. Apresentamos um caso de astrocitoma anaplásico (grau III) da fossa posterior numa mulher de 62 anos, o único observado num adulto no nosso hospital num período de 10 anos. O diagnóstico foi confirmado com biópsia estereotáxica da lesão. A apresentação clínica está de acordo com o descrito na literatura, contudo a sobrevida observada foi significativamente mais curta.
Mucopiocele fronto-orbitária e transtorno comportamental: relato de caso
Authors: Welling Leonardo C. , Lynch José Carlos , Pereira Celestino E. , Ferreira Leandro A.
Published: January 2018

Objetivo: Descrever uma patologia rara, de crescimento lento, com bom prognóstico se adequadamente tratada. Método: Análise e descrição de um caso de mucopiocele fronto-orbitária e transtorno comportamental, submetido ao tratamento cirúrgico no Hospital dos Servidores do Estado do Rio de Janeiro. Resultados: O paciente evoluiu com regressão completa dos sintomas prévios. Conclusão: Nas mucopioceles, os objetivos da cirurgia são: a confirmação do diagnóstico, a drenagem do conteúdo de muco e pus e a excisão ou marsupialização das paredes do cisto e da mucosa do seio comprometido. O diagnóstico correto dessa lesão leva à diminuição da morbidade e mortalidade, em virtude de o tratamento cirúrgico associado à antibioticoterapia venosa ser curativo.
Uso do parafuso transfacetário para estabilização da coluna cervical: nota técnica
Authors: Botelho Ricardo Vieira , Zandonadi Ferreira Edson Denner , Santos Bezerra Helton Portela , Carneiro Rodolfo de Moura , França Fontoura Emilio Afonso
Published: January 2018

A utilização do parafuso para fixação da coluna cervical substituiu as técnicas de estabilização com amarrilhas sublaminares, que agora estão destinadas a raros casos em que há impossibilidade de ancoramento ósseo vertebral. Os sistemas de fixação com parafusos ganharam uso disseminado. As técnicas de fixação na massa lateral cervical, no pedículo e na lâmina tiveram seu uso disseminado. Embora a descrição da fixação com parafuso transfacetário cervical date da década de 1970, há muito pouca quantidade de literatura relacionada à técnica. Os autores descrevem a técnica de colocação do parafuso transarticular, ilustrando com a descrição do tratamento de um paciente vítima de fratura-luxação com bloqueio facetário, estabilizado pelo método.
Microsurgical anatomy of the anterior approach to the mesial temporal region
Authors: Figueiredo Eberval Gadelha , Teixeira Manoel Jacobsen
Published: January 2018

Anterior approaches to the mesial temporal lobe are favored by its anatomy limited medially by the cerebral peduncle and laterally by the lateral temporal lobe. We have routinely used an anterior subfrontal approach to operate on mesial temporal lesions. In this paper, we describe its microsurgical anatomy and detail its clinical application. Surgical positioning, removal of the orbital rim, and drilling the sphenoid ridge are the main principles of this technique. Adequate positioning is crucial to displace the temporal lobe from the middle fossa to improve exposure. Removing the orbital rim ensures an ample range of movement for the surgical microscope, augments visualization, and improves surgical versatility. Finally, drilling the sphenoid ridge amplifies exposure near the area of interest, permitting increased visualization and manipulation.
Resultados da lesão do trato de Lissauer e do corno posterior da medula espinal para o tratamento da dor neuropática central após lesão medular traumática
Authors: Mathias Júnior Luis Roberto , Fonoff Erich Talamoni , Teixeira Manoel Jocobsen
Published: January 2018

Realizar uma revisão sobre a eficácia e a segurança da lesão do trato de Lissauer e do corno posterior da medula no tratamento da dor neuropática pós-lesão traumática da medula espinhal. A dor neuropática central tem um grande impacto sobre a qualidade de vida de muitos pacientes com lesão medular traumática. A lesão na zona de entrada da raiz dorsal tornou-se uma das várias opções de tratamento. Apenas estudos primários de pacientes com mais de 13 anos que apresentassem lesão traumática da medula espinhal e dor neuropática central, submetidos à lesão da zona de entrada da raiz dorsal, foram incluídos. Dentre os estudos incluídos, todos eram de série de casos de 5 a 54 pacientes. De acordo com os resultados, pelo menos 50% dos pacientes atingiram mais de 50% de alívio da dor ou passaram a apresentar nenhuma limitação dolorosa às atividades diárias habituais, sem a necessidade de opioides. No entanto, todos os estudos analisados apresentavam critérios mal definidos de elegibilidade, ausência de grupo controle e descrição inadequada de efeitos adversos e complicações. Os estudos revisados indicam resultados promissores com a lesão da zona de entrada da raiz dorsal para o tratamento da dor neuropática central em pacientes selecionados com lesão medular traumática. No entanto, o nível de evidências fornecido pelos estudos ainda é baixo, sobretudo em termos do desenho do estudo, avaliação e análise dos resultados, descrição sobre a gravidade dos efeitos adversos e critérios de seleção de pacientes. Por essas razões, apesar dos estudos com resultados favoráveis a essa técnica cirúrgica, o nível de evidência científica permanece fraco.
Gliomas: marcadores tumorais e prognóstico
Authors: Trindade Vinícius , Picarelli Helder , Figueiredo Eberval Gadelha , Teixeira Manoel Jacobsen
Published: January 2018

Os gliomas representam 30%-40% de todas as neoplasias intracranianas e aproximadamente 50% são glioblastomas. São classificados em graus pela OMS, de acordo com sua patologia. Apresentam altas taxas de mortalidade. Existem marcadores tumorais que podem auxiliar na detecção precoce e avaliar prognóstico. Realizada revisão sobre o tema marcadores tumorais por meio do site PubMed. MGMT é uma proteína que restaura o DNA, impedindo a sua alquilação. A metilação do MGMT por meio de fenômeno epigenético impede sua transcrição inibindo sua ação, tornando o tumor suscetível a fármacos. IDH e codeleção cromossômica 1p19q são marcadores tumorais e estão associados a melhor prognóstico. As neoplasias intracranianas apresentam altas taxas de mortalidade e sua detecção precoce por meio de marcadores e o conhecimento de alterações que conferem bom prognóstico podem auxiliar no tratamento dessa doença. A análise molecular auxilia na detecção e no tratamento de tumores.