bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A Reliable Way to Deal with the Coupled Fractional Korteweg-De Vries Equations within the Caputo Operator
Authors: Botmart Thongchai , Alotaibi Badriah , Shah Rasool , El-Sherif Lamiaa , El-Tantawy Samir
Published: November 2022

The development of numeric-analytic solutions and the construction of fractional order mathematical models for practical issues are of the highest concern in a variety of physics, applied mathematics, and engineering applications. The nonlinear Kersten–Krasil’shchik-coupled Korteweg–de Vries-modified Korteweg–de Vries (KdV-mKdV) system is treated analytically in this paper using a unique method, known as the Laplace residual power series (LRPS) approach to find some approximate solutions. The RPS methodology and the Laplace transform operator are combined in the LRPS method. We provide a detailed introduction to the proposed method for dealing with fractional Kersten–Krasil’shchik-linked KdV-mKdV models. When compared to exact solutions, the approach provides analytical solutions with good accuracy. We demonstrate the effectiveness of the current strategy compared to alternative methods for solving nonlinear equations using an illustrative example. The LRPS technique’s results show and highlight that the method may be used for a variety of time-fractional models of physical processes with simplicity and computing effectiveness.
Design, Synthesis, and In Vitro Antiproliferative Screening of New Hydrazone Derivatives Containing cis-(4-Chlorostyryl) Amide Moiety
Authors: Al-Warhi Tarfah , Alqahtani Leena S. , Abualnaja Matokah , Beigh Saba , Abu Ali Ola A. , Elsaid Fahmy G. , Shati Ali A. , Saleem Rasha Mohammed , Maghrabi Ali Hassan Ahmed , Alharthi Amani Abdulrahman , Alyamani Amal , Fayad Eman , Abu Almaaty Ali H. , Zaki Islam , Hamouda Shaimaa
Published: November 2022

Hydrazones are regarded as a distinctive category of organic compounds because of their tremendous characteristics and potential uses in analytical, chemical, and medicinal chemistry. In the present study, a new series of Hydrazone Derivatives bearing cis-(4-chlorostyryl) amide moiety were designed and synthesized. In vitro cytotoxicity screening showed that compounds 3i, 3l, 3m, and 3n revealed potent anticancer activity against MCF-7 cancer cell line with IC50 values between 2.19–4.37 μM compared with Staurosporin as a reference compound. The antiproliferative activity of these compounds appears to be correlated well with their ability to inhibit the VEGFR-2 kinase enzyme. Activation of the damage response pathway leads to cellular cycle arrest at the G1 phase. Fluorochrome Annexin V/PI staining indicated that cell death proceeds through the apoptotic pathway mechanism. The mechanistic pathway was confirmed by a significant increase in the level of active caspase 9 compared with control untreated MCF-7 cells.
Interpolating Scaling Functions Tau Method for Solving Space–Time Fractional Partial Differential Equations
Authors: Bin Jebreen Haifa , Cattani Carlo
Published: November 2022

This paper is devoted to an innovative and efficient technique for solving space–time fractional differential equations (STFPDEs). To this end, we apply the Tau method such that the bases used are interpolating scaling functions (ISFs). The operational metrics for the derivative operator and fractional integration operator are used to introduce the operational matrix for the Caputo fractional derivative. Due to some characteristics of ISFs, such as interpolation, computation costs can be significantly reduced. We investigate the convergence of the technique, and some numerical implementations show that the method is effective for solving such equations.
Editorial for the Special Issue−‘HIV Testing, Prevention, and Care Cascade’
Authors: Zhang Chen , Liu Yu
Published: November 2022

Since the early 1980s, HIV/AIDS has been an ongoing public health concern [...]
Real-World Effectiveness, Tolerability, and Safety of Dolutegravir/Lamivudine in Korea
Authors: Lee Ki Hyun , Kim Jinnam , Lee Jung Ah , Kim Chang Hyup , Ahn Jin Young , Jeong Su Jin , Ku Nam Su , Choi Jun Yong , Yeom Joon-Sup , Song Young Goo , Kim Jung Ho
Published: November 2022

Most studies on the real-world effectiveness and safety of dolutegravir/lamivudine (DTG/3TC) have been conducted in Western countries, and Asian reports are lacking. We evaluated the effectiveness and safety of DTG/3TC in Korean adult people living with HIV (PLWH). This retrospective study was conducted from July 2020 to July 2022 at a tertiary hospital in Korea. Those who were followed up for more than 12 months were included. We analyzed the baseline characteristics, effectiveness, resistant profiles, body weights, metabolic parameters, and safety of DTG/3TC treatment in 151 PLWH, dividing them into the treatment-naïve group and the switching group. The median DTG/3TC treatment durations in the treatment-naïve and switching groups were 507.5 and 525.0 days. In the treatment-naïve group, the viral RNA titer was undetectable at 6 and 12 months in 95% of patients. In the switching group, virologic suppression was well-maintained. Meanwhile, the creatinine levels were slightly elevated in both groups compared to baseline. Five participants complained of mild side effects, such as indigestion, constipation, diarrhea, and fatigue. However, no patient stopped treatment during the follow-up period. Since there was no virological failure or serious complications observed in this study, DTG/3TC may be a good treatment option for PLWH in Korea.
SARS-CoV-2 and West Nile Virus Prevalence Studies in Raccoons and Raccoon Dogs from Germany
Authors: Keller Markus , Peter Norbert , Holicki Cora M. , Schantz Anna V. , Ziegler Ute , Eiden Martin , Dörge Dorian D. , Vilcinskas Andreas , Groschup Martin H. , Klimpel Sven
Published: November 2022

Unlike farm animals, wild animals are not subject to continuous health surveillance. Individual projects designed to screen wildlife populations for specific pathogens are, therefore, also of great importance for human health. In this context, the possible formation of a reservoir for highly pathogenic zoonotic pathogens is a focus of research. Two of these pathogens that have received particular attention during the last years are the novel severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus type 2 (SARS-CoV-2), due to its fast global spread and high impact to the human health, and, since its introduction into Germany, the flavivirus West Nile virus (WNV). Especially in combination with invasive vertebrate species (e.g., raccoons (Procyon lotor) and raccoon dogs (Nyctereutes procyonoides) in Germany), risk analysis must be done to enable health authorities to assess the potential for the establishment of new wild life reservoirs for pathogens. Therefore, samples were collected from raccoons and raccoon dogs and analyzed for the presence of SARS-CoV-2 and WNV infections in these populations. Molecular biological and serological data obtained imply that no SARS-CoV-2 nor WNV reservoir has been established in these two wild life species yet. Future investigations need to keep an eye on these invasive carnivore populations, especially since the close contact of these animals to humans, mainly in urban areas, would make animal–human transmission a challenge for human health.
New Insights into Avian Infectious Bronchitis Virus in Colombia from Whole-Genome Analysis
Authors: Ramirez-Nieto Gloria , Mir Daiana , Almansa-Villa Diego , Cordoba-Argotti Geovanna , Beltran-Leon Magda , Rodriguez-Osorio Nelida , Garai Jone , Zabaleta Jovanny , Gomez Arlen P.
Published: November 2022

Infectious Bronchitis (IB) is a respiratory disease caused by a highly variable Gammacoronavirus, which generates a negative impact on poultry health worldwide. GI-11 and GI-16 lineages have been identified in South America based on Infectious Bronchitis virus (IBV) partial S1 sequences. However, full genome sequence information is limited. In this study we report, for the first time, the whole-genome sequence of IBV from Colombia. Seven IBV isolates obtained during 2012 and 2013 from farms with respiratory disease compatible with IB were selected and the complete genome sequence was obtained by NGS. According to S1 sequence phylogenetic analysis, six isolates belong to lineage GI-1 and one to lineage GVI-1. When whole genome was analyzed, five isolates were related to the vaccine strain Ma5 2016 and two showed mosaic genomes. Results from complete S1 sequence analysis provides further support for the hypothesis that GVI-1, considered a geographically confined lineage in Asia, could have originated in Colombia. Complete genome information reported in this research allow a deeper understanding of the phylogenetic evolution of variants and the recombination events between strains that are circulating worldwide, contributing to the knowledge of coronavirus in Latin America and the world.
Cell Type Variability in the Incorporation of Lipids in the Dengue Virus Virion
Authors: Hitakarun Atitaya , Williamson Maia Kavanagh , Yimpring Nathamon , Sornjai Wannapa , Wikan Nitwara , Arthur Christopher J. , Pompon Julien , Davidson Andrew D. , Smith Duncan R.
Published: November 2022

A lipid bilayer produced from the host membrane makes up around 20% of the weight of the dengue virus (DENV) virion and is crucial for virus entry. Despite its significance, the virion’s lipid composition is still poorly understood. In tandem with lipid profiles of the cells utilised to generate the virions, this work determined a partial lipid profile of DENV virions derived from two cell lines (C6/36 and LLC-MK2). The results showed distinctive profiles between the two cell types. In the mammalian LLC-MK2 cells, 30.8% (73/237 identified lipid species; 31 upregulated, 42 downregulated) of lipid species were altered in response to infection, whilst in insect C6/36 cells only 12.0% (25/208; 19 upregulated, 6 downregulated) of lipid species showed alterations in response to infection. For virions from LLC-MK2 cells, 14 lipids were detected specifically in virions with a further seven lipids being enriched (over mock controls). For virions from C6/36 cells, 43 lipids were detected that were not seen in mock preparations, with a further 16 being specifically enriched (over mock control). These results provide the first lipid description of DENV virions produced in mammalian and mosquito cells, as well as the lipid changes in the corresponding infected cells.
Discovery, Genomic Sequence Characterization and Phylogenetic Analysis of Novel RNA Viruses in the Turfgrass Pathogenic Colletotrichum spp. in Japan
Authors: Hamim Islam , Urayama Syun-ichi , Netsu Osamu , Tanaka Akemi , Arie Tsutomu , Moriyama Hiromitsu , Komatsu Ken
Published: November 2022

Turfgrass used in various areas of the golf course has been found to present anthracnose disease, which is caused by Colletotrichum spp. To obtain potential biological agents, we identified four novel RNA viruses and obtained full-length viral genomes from turfgrass pathogenic Colletotrichum spp. in Japan. We characterized two novel dsRNA partitiviruses: Colletotrichum associated partitivirus 1 (CaPV1) and Colletotrichum associated partitivirus 2 (CaPV2), as well as two negative single-stranded (ss) RNA viruses: Colletotrichum associated negative-stranded RNA virus 1 (CaNSRV1) and Colletotrichum associated negative-stranded RNA virus 2 (CaNSRV2). Using specific RT-PCR assays, we confirmed the presence of CaPV1, CaPV2 and CaNSRV1 in dsRNAs from original and sub-isolates of Colletotrichum sp. MBCT-264, as well as CaNSRV2 in dsRNAs from original and sub-isolates of Colletotrichum sp. MBCT-288. This is the first time mycoviruses have been discovered in turfgrass pathogenic Colletotrichum spp. in Japan. CaPV1 and CaPV2 are new members of the newly proposed genus “Zetapartitivirus” and genus Alphapartitivirus, respectively, in the family Partitiviridae, according to genomic characterization and phylogenetic analysis. Negative sense ssRNA viruses CaNSRV1 and CaNSRV2, on the other hand, are new members of the family Phenuiviridae and the proposed family “Mycoaspirividae”, respectively. These findings reveal previously unknown RNA virus diversity and evolution in turfgrass pathogenic Colletotrichum spp.
A Characterization and an Evolutionary and a Pathogenicity Analysis of Reassortment H3N2 Avian Influenza Virus in South China in 2019–2020
Authors: Liu Tengfei , Huang Yuhao , Xie Shumin , Xu Lingyu , Chen Junhong , Qi Wenbao , Liao Ming , Jia Weixin
Published: November 2022

Seasonal H3N2 influenza virus has always been a potential threat to public health. The reassortment of the human and avian H3N2 influenza viruses has resulted in major influenza outbreaks, which have seriously damaged human life and health. To assess the possible threat of the H3N2 avian influenza virus to human health, we performed whole-genome sequencing and genetic evolution analyses on 10 H3N2 field strains isolated from different hosts and regions in 2019–2020 and selected representative strains for pathogenicity tests on mice. According to the results, the internal gene cassettes of nine strains had not only undergone reassortment with the H1, H2, H4, H6, and H7 subtypes, which circulate in poultry and mammals, but also with H10N8, which circulates in wild birds in the natural environment. Three reassorted strains were found to be pathogenic to mice, of these one strain harboring MP from H10N8 showed a stronger virulence in mice. This study indicates that reassorted H3N2 AIVs may cross the host barrier to infect mammals and humans, thereby, necessitating persistent surveillance of H3N2 AIVs.
Immune-Mediated Pathogenesis in Dengue Virus Infection
Authors: Khanam Arshi , Gutiérrez-Barbosa Hector , Lyke Kirsten E. , Chua Joel V.
Published: November 2022

Dengue virus (DENV) infection is one of the major public health concerns around the globe, especially in the tropical regions of the world that contribute to 75% percent of dengue cases. While the majority of DENV infections are mild or asymptomatic, approximately 5% of the cases develop a severe form of the disease that is mainly attributed to sequential infection with different DENV serotypes. The severity of dengue depends on many immunopathogenic mechanisms involving both viral and host factors. Emerging evidence implicates an impaired immune response as contributing to disease progression and severity by restricting viral clearance and inducing severe inflammation, subsequently leading to dengue hemorrhagic fever and dengue shock syndrome. Moreover, the ability of DENV to infect a wide variety of immune cells, including monocytes, macrophages, dendritic cells, mast cells, and T and B cells, further dysregulates the antiviral functions of these cells, resulting in viral dissemination. Although several risk factors associated with disease progression have been proposed, gaps persist in the understanding of the disease pathogenesis and further investigations are warranted. In this review, we discuss known mechanisms of DENV-mediated immunopathogenesis and its association with disease progression and severity.
Application of Natural Coagulants in Water Treatment: A Sustainable Alternative to Chemicals
Authors: Koul Bhupendra , Bhat Nargis , Abubakar Mustapha , Mishra Meerambika , Arukha Ananta Prasad , Yadav Dhananjay
Published: November 2022

Water treatment (WT) is currently among the major areas of research due to the depletion of water resources and fearmongering regarding environmental pollution, which has compelled the upgrading of conventional WT technology towards recycling and reuse. This review aims to provide the current state of natural coagulants and their application in the purification of surface water as sufficient clean water is required for household needs, health security, and environmental safety. A thorough and systematic review of the existing literature was performed, and the information related to water treatment using natural coagulants was compiled from 237 articles under various sections using a computerized bibliographic search via PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, Google Scholar, CAB Abstracts, and several websites. The work provides explicit information related to natural coagulants and their merits and limitations, outlines methods to increase their coagulation performance, and highlights their coagulation mechanism, efficacy, valorization potential, and sustainability. From the information obtained, it can be concluded that although chemical coagulants are efficient in WT, they are usually expensive, toxic, associated with health issues, and thus non-sustainable. A sustainable alternative is the use of natural coagulants, which are readily available, economical, easy to use, biodegradable, non-toxic, eco-friendly, effective, and generate lower sludge volumes. They work via an adsorption process that involves polymeric bridging or neutralization of the charge. The WT efficiency of natural coagulants ranges from 50–500 nephelometric turbidity units (NTUs), which is similar to chemicals. Thus, they can be deployed in WT regimes and can contribute to the health security of rural populations in developing countries. It is unfortunate that, despite the known benefits of natural coagulants, their acceptance, commercialization, and widespread industrial application across the globe are still low. Therefore, there is a need for more exhaustive investigations regarding the mode of action, adoption, and commercialization of natural coagulants as a sustainable alternative to chemicals for a circular economy.
Study on the Application of Shell-Activated Carbon for the Adsorption of Dyes and Antibiotics
Authors: Wang Jinlong , Wang Rui , Ma Jingqian , Sun Yongjun
Published: November 2022

In this study, we prepared homemade fruit shell-activated carbon (SAC) with efficient adsorption of new pollutants and used it in the removal of methylene blue dye (MB) and ofloxacin antibiotic (OFL) in water. We fitted the experimental data for MB and OFL adsorption with isothermal and kinetic models and performed extensive characterization to study the properties of SAC. We also studied the effects of solution pH, dosage amount, initial concentration, and coexisting ions on the adsorption capacity. The results show that SAC has a rich pore structure, and electrostatic interactions are its main adsorption mechanism. Adjusting the solution pH by changing the SAC dosage and removing the K+, SO42−, and Cu2+ could increase the removal of MB and OFL to 99.9% and 97.6%, respectively. In addition, the adsorption capacity of SAC for MB remained at more than 50% of the initial state after three iterations of adsorption regeneration, showing a good regeneration ability. These results show the potential of SAC in replacing conventional activated carbon to remove new pollutants.
The Evaluation of Groundwater Carrying Capacity in Xi’an
Authors: Gao Jing , Zhou Weibo , Li Shuwu , Li Changhu , Chen Haiyun
Published: November 2022

With the development of the economy and society, the importance of water as a necessary resource has increased. The resource attribute capacity of groundwater is limited, and excessive consumption depletes groundwater resources. The extremely serious and highly integrated groundwater problem necessitates the determination of the carrying capacity of groundwater resources. Based on the research findings of the carrying capacity of groundwater resources in China and other parts of the world, in this study, we proposed a new method to determine the carrying capacity of groundwater resources. We evaluated the carrying capacity of groundwater resources in Xi’an by using the probabilistic neural network method based on the ‘W–F extension law’. The results showed that the extremely low and low bearing capacity areas of groundwater in Xi’an are located in the southern plain area of Zhouzhi county and Huyi district, the southern suburbs of Xi’an city, and the loess platform source area. Due to the constant supply from the riverside water source, the groundwater associated with the Bahe river, Fengzaohe river, and Weibin water sources have a higher bearing capacity than other evaluation areas. Compared to the traditional evaluation method, in this study, we redefined the evaluation index standard of the carrying capacity of groundwater. The groundwater carrying capacity is only related to groundwater and its storage medium. The pressure index of groundwater carrying, such as the population, economy, and environment in the traditional evaluation method, is considered overexploitation. The interaction between surface water and groundwater can be distinguished, and the level limit of the evaluation index can be determined more accurately. Additionally, the probabilistic neural network method of the ‘W–F extension law’ does not allocate weights but calculates the clustering center. Thus, to avoid subjectivity, parameter weighting is not required. This method does not have regional restrictions and can reflect the non-linear relationship of the groundwater system. It can reflect the sensitivity and recovery ability of groundwater under the same future exploitation load. The evaluation results of this method were consistent with the evaluation results of the third groundwater resources survey in Xi’an in 2019, and the evaluation results were very similar to the actual situation. The accuracy and practicability of the evaluation method were verified.
Preparation and Modification of Rape Straw Biochar and Its Adsorption Characteristics for Methylene Blue in Water
Authors: Chen Jiao , Tang Chenghan , Li Xiaoyuan , Sun Jieyu , Liu Yujie , Huang Wen , Wang Aojie , Lu Yixin
Published: November 2022

To solve the double problems of methylene blue (MB) pollution in water and waste of straw resources, rape straw biochar (RSB600) was made by thermal decomposition of discarded rape residues at 600 °C, and modified RSB600(M-RSB600) was prepared after treatment with NaOH for MB adsorption. The physicochemical properties, MB adsorption properties and mechanism of RSB600 and M-RSB600 were studied. According to the experimental findings, M-RSB600 has stronger aromaticity, higher hydrophilicity, and more polarity than RSB600. Under the same adsorption conditions, M-RSB600 obtained better MB adsorption effect with less dosage. The MB equilibrium adsorption capacity of M-RSB600 reached 268.46 mg/g, which was 65.6% higher than that of RSB600. The quasi-second-order kinetic model better described the adsorption kinetics of MB on RSB600 and M-RSB600 (R2 > 0.98), and the Freundlich and Temkin models better described the adsorption isotherms (R2 > 0.95). The adsorption process was spontaneous, internal heat and entropy driven multilayer adsorption, dominated by chemical adsorption, specifically involving multiple interaction mechanisms, including electrostatic adherence, hydrogen-bond, π-π bond and ion-exchange. The results demonstrated that NaOH modification obviously improved the structure of RSB and make it had better adsorption and regeneration performance. M-RSB600 can be utilized as the ideal substance for effectively removing MB from effluent.
Organic Matter and Heavy Metal Ions Removal from Surface Water in Processes of Oxidation with Ozone, UV Irradiation, Coagulation and Adsorption
Authors: Karwowska Beata , Sperczyńska Elżbieta
Published: November 2022

Organic matter present in natural water is a serious problem during water treatment in terms of the possibility of creating disinfection by-products (DBP). The new materials and processes are still analyzed in order to improve the efficient removal of organic matter as well as other pollutants from water intended for human consumption. The aim of the presented study was to evaluate the efficiency of using various combined processes: (a) coagulation and adsorption, (b) oxidation with ozone and coagulation, (c) oxidation with ozone, coagulation and adsorption, and (d) oxidation with ozone, UV irradiation, coagulation and adsorption for treatment of the modified surface water. In the presented study, the changes in pH, turbidity, color, organic matter content (evaluated as oxidizability, total and dissolved organic carbon content, UV 254 and 272 absorbances), and Ni2+, Cd2+, and Pb2+ ions content were determined during modified surface water purification. Supporting the coagulation process by adsorption with additional ozonation and UV irradiation of the water sample improved the treatment processes of modified surface water. Processes associated with coagulation increased the efficiency of removing color by 4–16% and reduced the value of UV254 and UV272 absorbance by 10–20%. Using ozonation did not significantly change the content of total organic matter. Heavy metal ions were mostly removed by coagulation and adsorption processes (40–60%). Including ozone, oxidation resulted in insignificant changes in the concentration of metal ions in the purified water (less than 5%). During the treatment of the tested, modified surface water, the best efficiency was observed after the use of coagulation and adsorption processes enhanced with ozone oxidation. The additional involvement of UV irradiation did not have a significant effect on the removal of the analyzed pollutants.
Purification of Sewage Wastewater though Sand Column Filter for Lessening of Heavy Metals Accumulation in Lettuce, Carrot, and Cauliflower
Authors: Naz Safina , Anjum Muhammad Akbar , Sadiq Bushra , Ahmad Riaz , Altaf Muhammad Ahsan , El-Sheikh Mohamed A. , Shakoor Awais
Published: November 2022

Sewage wastewater is one of the richest sources of mineral nutrients contributing toward plant growth and yield. However, the accumulation of heavy metals in the edible parts of vegetables and fruits can be dangerous to life. The current research aimed to evaluate the performance of a sand column filter for the elimination of heavy metals from sewage wastewater applied to selected vegetables. The contents of heavy metals, i.e., Pb+2, Ni+2, Cu+2, and Fe+2, were estimated to be higher in untreated sewage wastewater than in treated water. The number of leaves, fresh and dry weights of leaves, roots, and total biomass of lettuce, carrot, and cauliflower were improved due to the irrigation of unfiltered sewage wastewater compared to sewage wastewater. The curd diameter, fresh and dry weights of curd, stem fresh weight of cauliflower, and the root length and diameter of carrot increased after irrigation with the unfiltered sewage wastewater in comparison to the treated sewage wastewater. The accumulation of heavy metals, i.e., Pb+2, Ni+2, Cu+2, and Fe+2, was higher in the roots, leaves, and edible parts of the selected vegetables. In the present study, the Cd+2 and Cr+2 concentrations were not affected by the filtration process through a sand column filter. Conclusively, filtration through a sand column filter is effective for the removal of heavy metals from sewage wastewater used to irrigate agricultural land.
Comparison between Conventional Treatment Processes and Advanced Oxidation Processes in Treating Slaughterhouse Wastewater: A Review
Authors: Yeoh Jen Xen , Md. Jamil Siti Nurul Ain , Syukri Fadhil , Koyama Mitsuhiko , Nourouzi Mobarekeh Mohsen
Published: November 2022

The blooming of the world’s human population and the transition of the human diet into a more westernized, high-protein diet has accelerated the production of slaughterhouse wastewater (SWW) as the number of meat processing plants (MPP) has increased in the past few decades. Conventional treatment processes (CTP) used in treating SWW, such as anaerobic processes, membrane processes, and electrocoagulation, have significant limitations, such as low treatment efficiency, tendency to foul, and high energy consumption, respectively. While advanced oxidation processes (AOPs) appear promising in replacing the former, they lack economic feasibility when used as a single process. In this paper, the limitations and disadvantages of the CTPs used in treating SWW influents are evaluated. The idea of utilising AOPs as a “complementary” step rather than a single process is also discussed. The review paper further explores the variability of different AOPs, such as Fenton, Electro-Fenton, Sono-Fenton, etc., and their respective strengths and weaknesses in counteracting the limitations of CTPs. The idea of incorporating resource recovery into wastewater treatment is also discussed towards the end of the paper as a means of generating additional revenue for the industry players to compensate for the high operation and maintenance costs of SWW treatment. The integration of a new-generation treatment process such as AOP into CTP while being able to carry out resource recovery is a future hurdle that must be overcome by scientists in order to produce a versatile, powerful, sustainable, yet financially feasible and operationally pragmatic treatment system.
Flood Analysis Using HEC-RAS and HEC-HMS: A Case Study of Khazir River (Middle East—Northern Iraq)
Authors: AL-Hussein Asaad A. M. , Khan Shuhab , Ncibi Kaouther , Hamdi Noureddine , Hamed Younes
Published: November 2022

Floods frequently threaten villages near the Khazir River’s floodplains, causing crop losses and threatening residential areas. We used flood-related hydrological software, including WMS and HEC-HMS, to study this issue and determine how to reduce the recurrence of flooding. The software can be used to calculate a hydrograph of torrential flows in a river drainage basin and estimate the volume of torrential water and its flow rates on the Earth’s surface. The depth of rain has been evaluated and calculated in the SCS Unit Hydrograph for different return periods of 2, 5, 10, 20, 50, and 100 years. According to our study’s findings, the volume of the river’s drainage basin floods ranged between 29,680 and 2,229,200 m3, and the maximum flow value ranged between 10.4 and 66.4 m3/sec during various reference periods. To analyze and model the flood risks of the Khazir River, the HEC-RAS model was combined with the HEC-GeoRAS extension in ArcGIS. The floods were the focus of two study periods, 2013 and 2018, and were based on the digital elevation model and river discharge during the floods. According to the classification map of the flood depths, the areas of flood risk varied from low to very low (80.31%), medium (16.03%), and high to very high (3.8%). The analysis of the results revealed that the villages closest to the river’s mouth were more affected by the floods than other villages further downstream. HEC-HMS and HEC-RAS have been shown to have a strong correlation in evaluating flood risks and reliably forecasting future floods in the study area.
Pengamanan User Account Data Belajar pada E-Task UCIC Menggunakan Algoritma Caesar Cipher Berbasis QR-Code
Authors: Nas C
Published: November 2022

Pandemi Covid-19 yang melanda Indonesia memiliki dampak pada proses pembelajaran mahasiswa Universitas Catur Insan Cendekia, dimana mahasiswa belajar secara daring menggunakan Learning Management System yaitu E-Task UCIC. Dalam penerapannya, E-Task UCIC berisikan materi pembelajaran, absensi kehadiran, tugas, dan ujian mahasiswa yang hanya dapat diakses dengan menggunakan Nomor Induk Mahasiswa (NIM). Penggunaan NIM berdampak tidak terjaganya keamanan data belajar mahasiswa, hal ini dikarenakan NIM bukan merupakan data rahasia, sehingga dapat diketahui oleh banyak orang. Maka untuk menjaga keamanan data belajar mahasiswa diperlukan metode Kriptografi pada user akun mahasiswa, dimana hanya mahasiswa yang dapat mengetahui kunci akses ke akun tersebut. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengamankan user akun pada data belajar mahasiswa dengan menggunakan metode kriptografi. Dalam penelitian ini, data yang digunakan adalah data link akses langsung ke akun mahasiswa, serta kunci akses ke dalam akun. Selanjutnya data tersebut akan dilakukan proses Kriptografi dengan menggunakan algoritma Caesar Cipher. Hasil dari enkripsi dan dekripsi algoritma dikonversikan kedalam bentuk QR-Code dengan menggunakan Python, agar dalam pengaksesan aplikasi lebih cepat dengan proses scanning. Maka pengamanan hak akses menggunakan metode Kriptografi dengan algoritma Caesar Cipher pada data belajar mahasiswa di E-Task UCIC, mampu melindungi data belajar mahasiswa untuk tidak dapat dimasuki tanpa menggunakan kunci akses dan QR-Code dari mahasiswa tersebut.
Analisis Kepuasan Pengguna Sistem Informasi Perpustakaan Menggunakan Metode End User Computing Satisfaction
Authors: Suwanti Suwanti , Yudhana A , Herman Herman
Published: November 2022

Sejak tahun 2017 sistem informasi perpustakaan IKIP Muhammadiyah digunakan, belum pernah dilakukan evaluasi sistem dari persepsi penggunanya. Faktor penting yang mendukung penerapan sistem informasi yaitu hardware, software dan branware. Pada penelitan ini akan mengukur kualitas penerapan sistem informasi perpustakaan melalui persepsi brainware atau pengguna. Kelancaran penggunaan sistem informasi perlunya dilakukan analisis kepuasan pengguna untuk melihat penggunaan sudah berjalan baik selama melakukan aktivitas pelayanan perpustakaan secara online. Objek pada penelitian ini adalah populasi dari IKIP Muhammadiyah Maumere yang terdiri dari dosen, mahasiswa, dan petugas perpustakaan. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode End User Computing Satisfaction atau yang biasa disebut EUCS.  Metode EUCS memiliki lima variabel yaitu isi, akurasi, bentuk, kemudahan pengguna, dan ketepatan waktu. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah menganalisis tingkat kepuasan sistem informasi perpustakaan IKIP Muhammadiyah Maumere menggunakan metode EUCS. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pada persentase variabel isi 77%, akurasi 76%, bentuk 77%, kemudahan pengguna 77%, dan ketepatan waktu 78%. Secara umum hasil persentase berada pada kriteria sangat puas. Kesimpulan yang diperoleh adalah pengguna sudah merasa puas pada penerapan sistem informasi perpustakaan IKIP Muhammadiyah Maumere. Maka dapat dikatakan sistem informasi perpustakaan sudah berjalan dengan baik.
O Lagrangiano de Mañé
Authors:   , Guillén Anthony José García
Published: November 2022

Apresentamos uma introdução às dinâmicas Hamiltoniana e Lagrangiana. Após, nos concentramos no estudo de Lagrangianos de Mañé em variedades compactas, para os quais nós apresentamos exemplos, algumas propriedades básicas, seu valor crítico de Mañé e o conjunto de Aubry projetado
Quem fala a língua de acolhimento? Um estudo sobre refúgio e decolonialidade
Authors:   , Haddad Maísa Rena
Published: November 2022

A presente pesquisa, por meio de abordagem qualitativa, discute a perspectiva linguística envolvida nos fenômenos sociais de refúgio e acolhimento de migrantes forçados, também denominados refugiados, no Brasil, buscando observar e analisar seu entendimento por parte de instituições acolhedoras. Sabe-se que o Brasil tem recebido grande quantidade de pessoas que se inserem nessa classificação, tendo, apenas em 2018, oficializado mais de mil solicitações de refúgio e autorizado vistos humanitários a migrantes oriundos de países em situações de grave crise econômica ou catástrofes ambientais. Esta pesquisa apresenta diferentes visões de acolhimento; repensa o conceito de língua e a relação entre língua e refúgio, problematizando possíveis rotulações e ações engessadas presentes na prática de acolhimento linguístico e social no Brasil. Buscam-se, com isso, novas possibilidades de proporcionar, aos deslocados forçados, maior opção de mobilidade social a partir da manifestação de um acolhimento que promova justiça social. Dessa maneira, intenciona-se propor uma abordagem decolonial ao refúgio, unindo-a aos conceitos de translingual practices, uma questão de justiça social e língua, e Spracherleben, a experiência vivida na língua. Este trabalho se divide em cinco capítulos, sendo eles: 1) Introdução; 2) Buscando teorias para embasar estudos linguísticos sobre refúgio; 3) Metodologia de pesquisa; 4) Análise de dados; e 5) Considerações finais. Buscando compreender o entendimento que o acolhedor tem do que preconiza como acolhimento, nosso corpus é formado por textos divulgados por um órgão oficial de acolhimento de refugiados no Brasil e reportagens de jornais online, investigando a manutenção ou não de práticas coloniais, bem como a compreensão do vínculo entre práticas linguísticas e acolhimento.
Senhores absolutos desta província: a família Monteiro de Barros e suas redes de poder em Minas Gerais na primeira metade do século XIX
Authors:   , Soares Pedro de Almeida Freitas
Published: November 2022

A presente pesquisa visa a analisar a atuação da família Monteiro de Barros na política e na magistratura mineira na primeira metade do século XIX. Busca-se entender a formação e a consolidação de uma das famílias mais poderosas do período, tanto econômica quanto politicamente. A extensa rede familiar teve início no período colonial, com a vinda do patriarca Manuel José Monteiro de Barros. Nascido no Norte de Portugal, ele veio para o Brasil em função da exploração aurífera. Após contrair matrimônio, Manuel José foi o responsável por constituir uma enorme família que participou ativamente da vida política do Império. Para isso, pretende-se acompanhar a inserção de alguns membros desta família na administração pública, percebendo as redes de poder conformadas, bem como os conflitos gerados. Como um típico grupo de elite, eles frequentaram a Universidade de Coimbra e foram fazendeiros, políticos, juízes e ouvidores. Inserida no âmbito dos estudos de elites, a pesquisa tem por objetivo contribuir para o entendimento da dinâmica política mineira no âmbito do processo de construção do Estado Nacional brasileiro. Como metodologia de pesquisa, destaca-se o uso da Micro-História, sob a perspectiva teórica da História Social e da História Política.
Avaliação de ciclo de vida da produção de leite: um estudo de caso em Minas Gerais e no Paraná
Authors:   , Paula Vanessa Romário de
Published: November 2022

O setor agropecuário enfrenta desafios ambientais urgentes relacionados, principalmente, as mudanças climáticas, a degradação ambiental e o uso intensivo dos recursos naturais. Diferentes sistemas de produção podem apresentar fatores distintos em termos de emissão, produtividade e potenciais impactos ambientais. Neste sentido, os objetivos deste trabalho foram (i) estimar os potenciais impactos ambientais de três sistemas de produção de leite em semiconfinamento e confinamento e, a partir disso, (ii) identificar hotspots com foco em 5 categorias de impacto ambiental: mudança climática, eutrofização, acidificação, oxidação fotoquímica, depleção da camada de ozônio e (iii) apresentar estratégias para mitigação dos impactos ambientais causados pela atividade. Para isso, foi realizado um estudo de avaliação do ciclo de vida (ACV) da produção de leite nas regiões que concentram os maiores volumes produzidos no Brasil. Os dados primários foram coletados in loco e utilizados para a construção dos inventários do ciclo de vida (ICV) do leite em mesorregiões localizadas nos estados de Minas Gerais e Paraná. Os dados foram validados por revisores de terceira parte e utilizados dados secundários correspondentes a ICVs de produtos nacionais, que foram um diferencial deste estudo. A análise de sensibilidade foi realizada para identificação dos fluxos com maior percentual de contribuição para as categorias de impacto avaliadas. O fertilizante inorgânico aplicado na produção de alimentos foi o maior responsável para impactos potenciais nas categorias de acidificação, eutrofização. O metano biogênico teve maior representatividade para as categorias de mudança climática e oxidação fotoquímica. A produção de diesel e a etapa de transporte foram os maiores responsáveis pelo potencial impacto na depleção da camada de ozônio. Esses resultados poderão subsidiar a formulação de linhas de pesquisa e de estratégias de políticas públicas, voltadas para a melhoria do desempenho ambiental da produção de leite adequadas a condição das diferentes regiões do país.
Multivariable strategy for modeling and control design of voltage-sourced and back-to-back converters
Authors:   , Fernandes Marcelo de Castro
Published: November 2022

The world’s energy system is currently undergoing a major transition in which power eletronic converters gain more importance. In this context, voltage-sourced converters just like their association on Back-To-Back converters, are rather common and have gained more relevance. This master thesis then presents the mathematical modeling of both converters in a multivariable representation strategy. Two test systems are designed: one system composed of a voltage-sourced conveter connecting an AC grid to a DC bus, in which a DC current source is used to represent the power profile of a DC microgrid, and a system composed of a BTB converter that interconnects two AC systems. For the first system, two multivariable control strategies are presented: a linear quadratic regulator (LQR) and a robust controller which is based on pole placement via linear matrix inequalities. Both controllers are designed so the converter might deal with a bidirectional power flow. For the second test system, one single controller is designed and it is based on pole placement via linear matrix inequalities. In this case, the controller is designed so the BTB converter might deal with bidirectional power flow, while being resilient against uncertainties and disturbances in the parameters that compose the AC system connected to one of the converter’s terminals. Both systems are implemented in a digital simulation environment and their dynamic responses are assessed and compared
Hipotermia em recém-nascidos prematuros na admissão em uma unidade de terapia intensiva neonatal
Authors:   , Carvalho Janaina Otoni de
Published: November 2022

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Um estudo dos direcionadores da distribuição de dividendos das empresas não financeiras participantes da B3
Authors:   , Chain Diego Reis
Published: November 2022

O propósito do presente estudo foi identificar os direcionadores da política de dividendos das empresas brasileiras listadas na B3 através dos indicadores Dividend Yield e Dividend Payout, considerando também essas relações dada a divisão de setores da B3. Levou-se em conta como abordagem teórica as teorias da relevância dos dividendos, da irrelevância dos dividendos, informação assimétrica, agência, hipótese do ciclo de vida, efeitos fiscais e tributários, efeito clientela e os aspectos específicos da legislação brasileira. Através de uma revisão teórica que abarcou diversos autores e estudos para diferentes mercados, variáveis como tamanho, endividamento, concentração acionária, governança corporativa, rentabilidade, liquidez, entre outras, foram mapeadas como possíveis direcionadores da política de dividendos. A amostra utilizada contou com 537 empresas com dados anuais entre 1996 e 2020. A análise inicial do estudo aponta que os setores de Utilidade Pública e Comunicações são os que mais distribuem proventos, enquanto o setor Outros pode ser caracterizado como o pior distribuidor. Para estimar os direcionadores da política de dividendos, foi utilizado um modelo com dados em painel e o método econométrico da Regressão Quantílica com os quantis .25, .5, .75 e .9 utilizados como parâmetros de estimação. Para as estimações com toda a amostra, sem divisão de setor, os resultados apontam que: i) o tamanho do ativo é significativo, positivo e crescente para todos os quantis de ambas as variáveis; ii) o lucro por ação é positivo e significativo para todos os quantis de Dividend Yield; iii) PIB, câmbio e CDI são significativas para explicar a política de dividendos das empresas; iv) o pertencimento aos níveis diferenciados de governança corporativa impactam positivamente as empresas que distribuem menos dividendos e negativamente as empresas que distribuem mais dividendos; e v) as variáveis relacionadas a rentabilidade e endividamento não apresentaram bom desempenho para explicar a política de dividendos das empresas. Já quando olhamos para cada setor de atuação, os resultados apontam que: i) em geral, o tamanho do ativo é positivo, crescente e significativo para a maioria dos quantis considerando ambas as variáveis dependentes; ii) PIB, CDI e Câmbio apresentam bom desempenho para explicar a política de dividendos das empresas; iii) as características de controle relacionadas ao endividamento, liquidez, risco e rentabilidade apresentam relações diferentes para cada setor; iv) características relacionadas ao controle acionário e pertencimento aos segmentos diferenciados de governança corporativa indicam a presença de efeito clientela e de sinalização na política de dividendos das empresas a depender do setor de atuação.
Sobrevida dos pacientes com câncer de laringe tratados no Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS), 2002-2010
Authors:   , Cândido Tarssius Capelo
Published: November 2022

O câncer de laringe (CL) ocupa a terceira posição dentre os tumores de cabeça e pescoço mais recorrentes e apresenta prognóstico geralmente desfavorável. No Brasil, são escassas as informações sobre a magnitude e a sobrevida da doença, o que dificulta a adoção de estratégias para seu controle e manejo. Este estudo teve como objetivo analisar a sobrevida de cinco anos e os fatores prognósticos em pacientes com CL tratados no Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS) do Brasil, em grandes regiões e estados brasileiros, entre janeiro de 2002 e junho de 2010. Os dados foram obtidos a partir de uma coorte retrospectiva procedente da Base Nacional em Oncologia (Base Onco). Foram analisadas duas subpopulações: a população inicial de estudo, denominada População 1, na qual foi avaliada sobrevida por CL segundo sexo, idade e distribuição geográfica; e a parcela da população sobre a qual havia informação sobre estadiamento, denominada População 2, o que possibilitou a avaliação de fatores prognósticos para o CL. Assim, estimou-se a sobrevida específica para o CL e, além de aspectos sociodemográficos e do estadiamento, foram consideradas outras variáveis como potenciais fatores prognósticos, tais como número de internações, combinações de tratamento e presença de comorbidades. As probabilidades de sobrevida foram estimadas através do método de Kaplan-Meier, sendo realizado o teste log-rank para comparar as diferenças observadas, considerando-se um nível de significância de 5%. Por sua vez, a análise de fatores prognósticos foi efetuada por meio do modelo de riscos proporcionais de Cox. Na População 1, observou-se maioria dos pacientes do sexo masculino (22.163; 84,54%), relação de 5 homens: 1 mulher. A probabilidade de sobrevida no Brasil em 5 anos foi estimada em 50,8% (IC95%: 49,9-51,8), sendo pior em pacientes do sexo masculino (49,1; IC95%: 48,10-50,16), com idade entre 50 e 60 anos (48,4; IC95%: 46,7-50,0), e aqueles moradores da Região Norte (45,5; IC95%: 39,5-51,3). Na População 2, verificou-se que a sobrevida foi maior em pacientes com estádio I (68,50; IC95%: 65,32–71,45), com internação única (49,84; IC95%: 47,36–52,27) e que realizaram como tratamento combinado cirurgia e radioterapia (57,15; IC95%: 35,72–40,65). Os fatores associados aos piores prognósticos foram semelhantes aos apontado na literatura científica. A variação na sobrevida para CL em relação aos diferentes estados e regiões do país aponta disparidades, com resultados menores para Região Norte, o que pode estar vinculado à desigualdade regional de acesso ao diagnóstico e/ou tratamento, que em geral estão associadas a disparidades socioeconômicas .