bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Audiovisual Motivasi Berbasis Android pada Pasien Tuberkulosis di Puskesmas Kabupaten Banjar Kalimantan Selatan
Authors: Santoso Trias Budi , Kartinah Nani , Sari Okta Muthia
Published: May 2024

Tuberculosis is an infectious disease caused by the bacterium Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Many problems arise, including dropping out of therapy due to the long duration of treatment. The study's goal was to determine the percentage of motivation before-after using the Android application and the satisfaction of tuberculosis patients. The study used a pre-experimental design with one group pre-test and post-test. In May 2021, the study population consisted of tuberculosis patients at the Banjar Public Health Centre who satisfied the research criteria. Respondents used the programme for 7 days and completed a questionnaire on the last day. Twelve respondents met the research criteria. The results showed an average percentage of pretest motivation of 78.20% and a posttest percentage of 80.29%. The findings of the level of satisfaction of the respondents after using audiovisuals were 66.5%. In summary, the Android-based audiovisual for tuberculosis patients that has been developed increases patient motivation and satisfaction.
 
Keywords:          satisfaction, motivation, taking medications, smartphone
 
Abstrak
Tuberkulosis termasuk penyakit infeksi menular disebabkan oleh bakteri Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Permasalahan yang banyak terjadi yaitu putus berobat dikarenakan durasi pengobatan yang panjang sehingga memerlukan motivasi tinggi agar dapat menjalani pengobatan hingga selesai. Tujuan penelitian mengukur persentase motivasi sebelum dan sesudah penggunaan aplikasi android dan kepuasan pasien tuberkulosis terhadap aplikasi android. Penelitian merupakan pre-experimental designs dengan one group pre-test post-test design dan pengambilan data prospektif menggunakan kuesioner. Populasi penelitian yaitu pasien tuberkulosis di Puskesmas Kabupaten Banjar bulan Mei tahun 2021 dan memenuhi kriteria penelitian. Responden menggunakan aplikasi selama 7 hari dan pada hari terakhir diukur motivasi dan tingkat kepuasan menggunakan kuesioner. Sebanyak 12 responden memenuhi kriteria penelitian. Hasil penelitian memperoleh rerata persentase motivasi pre-test sebesar 78,20% dan post-test sebesar 80,29%. Hasil tingkat kepuasan responden setelah penggunaan audiovisual sebesar 66,5% yang termasuk kategori puas. Kesimpulan audiovisual berbasis android untuk pasien tuberkulosis yang telah dirancang membantu meningkatkan motivasi pasien dan memberikan kepuasan.
 
Kata Kunci:         kepuasan, motivasi, minum obat, smartphone
Studi In Silico Senyawa Bioaktif Daun Miana (Coleus scutellariodes (L). Benth) sebagai Inhibitor Enzim Asetikolineterase (Ache) pada Alzheimer
Authors: Vitadella Veronika , Bulan Catherine Putri , Sinurat Julius Alvin Novensius , Latief Madyawati , Yusnaidar Yusnaidar , Tarigan Indra Lasmana
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Alzheimer's contamination is a neurodegenerative sickness brought about by a decline in the blend of acetylcholine because of the breakdown of acetylcholine into choline and the determination of acidic corrosive by the compound Acetylcholinesterase (Hurt). Compounds known to have heartbeat restraining developments are promising medications for the treatment of these contaminations. In this investigation, in-silico studies were done on the blend found in Miana (Coleus) further to see whether this combination could be utilized as a remedial application in the treatment of Alzheimer's illness utilizing sub-nuclear docking procedures. From the consequences of the examination, it is realized that the Pyrazolopyridine compound is the best medication contender with a limiting energy and stable limitation benefit of - 6.96 kcal/mol and 7.95 µm separately, with hydrogen securities happening in the destructive development of amino SER 293.
 
Keywords:          Alzheimer’s; In Silico; Miana
 
Abstrak
Penyakit Alzheimer adalah infeksi neurodegenerative, dan terjadi karena menurunnya kombinasi asetilkolin dampak dari penguraian asetilkolin menjadi kolin dan derivasi asam asetat oleh senyawa Asetilkolinesterase (Hurt). Larutan yang diketahui memiliki gerakan penghambatan denyut merupakan obat yang menjanjikan untuk pengobatan infeksi ini. Dalam eksplorasi ini, studi in-silico dilakukan pada campuran yang ditemukan di Miana (Coleus) selanjutnya untuk melihat apakah campuran ini dapat digunakan sebagai aplikasi pengobatan dalam pengobatan penyakit Alzheimer dengan menggunakan strategi docking sub-atomik. Dari hasil penyelidikan diketahui bahwa senyawa Pyrazolopyridine adalah pesaing obat terbaik dengan energi ikatan dan keuntungan stabil pengekangan masing-masing - 6,96 kkal/mol dan 7,95 µm, dengan ikatan hidrogen terjadi pada penumpukan korosif amino SER 293.
 
Kata Kunci:         Alzheimer’s; In Silico; Miana
Mushroom Cultivators to Grow and Develop with Oyster Mushroom Cultivation Business in Perumnas Belimbing Kelurahan Kuranji Sub-District
Authors: Fiana Risa Meutia , Febjislami Shalati , Dewi Hayati PK , Pramana Putra Dian , Kurniadi Deri
Published: May 2024

The Belimbing Residential Area, which is densely populated and located near the market, has the potential to absorb the production of the Belimbing Youth Group's mushroom cultivation activities. However, since mushroom cultivation activities are still relatively new, the group needs help independently providing 100% mushroom-growing media (baglog) and seedling production.. The fresh oyster mushrooms they produce must be marketed immediately as they quickly spoil, and their quality decreases if stored for too long. Additionally, the need for knowledge in the post-harvest processing of oyster mushrooms is also a hurdle in developing the mushroom cultivation business of the Belimbing Youth Group. The primary objective of the community service activity is to enhance the abilities and experience of the Belimbing Youth Group in producing and processing mushroom cultivation products to create higher economic value. Initial outreach activities will focus on oyster mushroom seedling production and processing products, training on product processing and packaging techniques, entrepreneurial coaching, and further guidance, all forming part of technology transfer activities to the Belimbing Youth Group. In the first year, counselling and training on oyster mushroom seedling production, construction of a sterilization room, manufacture of baglog sterilization equipment, and repair of mushroom house (kumbung) were carried out. Training activities for producing F0 and F1 oyster mushroom seedlings and making baglog sterilization equipment with a capacity of 100 baglogs have impacted the independence of the Belimbing Youth Group in providing seedlings and baglog for oyster mushrooms. A sterilization room and repaired kumbung support the success of seeding and increasing the yield of oyster mushrooms. The success of the activities in the first year is likely to be sustainable and support the following year's activities, which will focus on post-harvest processing activities, packaging, and marketing of processed products.
Kajian Daya Dukung Tanah Lempung Distabilisasi dengan Abu Marmer
Authors: Waruwu Aazokhi , Celline Felicia , Sinaga Rionaldi , Gandawijaya Darryl Gregory
Published: May 2024

[ID] Tanah dasar memiliki peranan penting dalam menjaga keamanan dan kestabilan konstruksi yang dibangun di atasnya. Tanah dasar perlu dipastikan berada di dalam kondisi yang baik dan mampu memberikan dukungan terhadap beban yang bekerja. Salah satu jenis tanah bermasalah adalah tanah lempung lunak. Tanah ini memiliki daya dukung rendah, sehingga memerlukan perbaikan sebelum pembangunan konstruksi di atasnya. Salah satu metode perbaikan tanah adalah stabilisasi. Bahan stabilisasi yang dipertimbangkan pada penelitian adalah abu marmer dari limbah marmer. Karakterisitik tanah yang ditinjau di antaranya indeks plastisitas, kepadatan, dan kohesi undrained. Indeks plastisitas tanah dapat diperoleh dengan melakukan uji Atterberg, kepadatan tanah dari uji kompaksi, dan kohesi undrained dari unconfined compression test.  Kadar abu marmer yang digunaka adalah sebesar 3%, 6%, 9%, dan 12% dari berat kering tanah dengan variasi pemeraman 1 hari, 7 hari, 14 hari, dan 28 hari. Daya dukung tanah dapat dianalisis berdasarkan kohesi undrained pada setiap kadar abu marmer yang digunakan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan perbaikan nilai indeks plastisitas, kepadatan, dan kohesi undrained tanah untuk setiap penambahan abu marmer, namun peningkatan yang optimal didapatkan pada penambahan 6% abu marmer dengan masa pemeraman maksimum 7 hari. Daya dukung tanah didapatkan meningkat secara maksimum pada penambahan abu marmer sebanyak 6% dan pemeraman 7 hari.
[EN] Subgrade soil has an important role in maintaining the safety and stability of construction built on it. One type of problematic soil is soft clay. This land has a low bearing capacity, so it requires improvement before building on it. The aim of this research is to obtain changes in the bearing capacity of soil stabilized by marble ash. This research was carried out on soft clay soil with the addition of marble ash at 3%, 6%, 9%, and 12% of the dry weight of the soil with curing variations of 1 day, 7 days, 14 days, and 28 days. The soil characteristics reviewed include plasticity index, density, and undrained cohesion. Soil bearing capacity can be analyzed based on undrained cohesion at each level of marble ash used. The results showed an improvement in the plasticity index value from 33.82% dencreased to 7.69%; density with a dry unit weight of 1.50 gr/cm3 increased to 1.55 gr/cm3; and soil undrained cohesion increased from 0.134 kg/cm2 to 1.58 kg/cm2 due to the addition of marble ash. Optimal improvements in soil characteristics and bearing capacity were obtained by adding 6% marble ash with a maximum curing period of 7 days.
أثر استخدام وسائل الذكاء الاصطناعي على تحسين جودة خدمات التوريد في القطاع الحكومي: دراسة تطبيقية على وزارة الموارد البشرية والتنمية الاجتماعية بالمملكة العربية السعودية
Authors: الشهري وسام غريب , عبدالله سمية إبراهيم أحمد
Published: May 2024

هدفت الدراسة إلى تحديد أثر استخدام وسائل الذكاء الاصطناعي على تحسين جودة خـدمات التوريد في القطاع الحكومي، وتحديد الآليات المقترحة لتطوير استخدام الذكاء الاصطناعي في وزارة الموارد البشرية والتنمية الاجتماعية. اعتمدت الدراسة على المنهج الوصفي التحليلي؛ وتكون مجتمع الدراسة من الموظفين العاملين في وزارة الموارد البشرية والتنمية الاجتماعية، وقامت الباحثة بتوزيع أداة الدراسة إلكترونياً على أفراد مجتمع الدراسة حيث اعتمدت الباحثة على أداة الاستبيان، وقد استجاب لعملية التوزيع (100) موظف من العاملين في الوزارة. أظهرت نتائج الدراسة أن هناك موافقة بين أفراد العينة حول تأثير الذكاء الاصطناعي بتطبيقاته المختلفة على جودة خـدمات التوريد داخل الوزارة، وأن هناك موافقة بدرجة متوسطة بين أفراد العينة حول المعوقات التي تؤثر بشكل سلبي على جودة خـدمات التوريد داخل الوزارة، كما أظهرت نتائج الدراسة أن هناك موافقة بشدة بين العينة حول الآليات المقترحة لتطوير استخدام الذكاء الاصطناعي في الوزارة، كما بينت نتائج الدراسة وجود علاقة بين استخدام تطبيقات الذكاء الاصطناعي وتحسن خـدمات التوريد في الوزارة. في ضوء النتائج التي تم التوصل إليها، توصي الباحثة بما يلي: (ضرورة عقد ورش عمل بشكل مستمر لحل مشكلات العمل الطارئة ولزيادة التفاعل مع العاملين- العمل على تقديم حوافز مادية ومعنوية للعاملين في المنظمة تعمل على تشجعيهم نحو استخدام التطبيقات الحديثة والمبتكرة التي تساعدهم على إنجاز عملهم).
دور الإدارة الرشيقة في رفع الأداء الوظيفي: دراسة تطبيقية على وزارة الصحة في المملكة العربية السعودية
Authors: العتيبي منيرة مسلط فيحان
Published: May 2024

هدفت الدراسة إلى التعرف على دور الإدارة الرشيقة في رفع الأداء الوظيفي في وزارة الصحة في المملكة العربية السعودية، واتبعت الدراسة استخدام المنهج الوصفي التحليلي، كما تم الاعتماد على الاستبانة كأداة لجمع المعلومات الأولية, وتكون مجتمع الدراسة من موظفي وزارة الصحة في المملكة العربية السعودية, حيث تم دراسة عينة عشوائية بسيطة بلغ حجمها (514) فرد، وقد خلصت نتائج البحث إلى مجموعة من النتائج الرئيسة منها: أن مستوى ممارسة الإدارة الرشيقة ومستوى الأداء الوظيفي في وزارة الصحة في المملكة العربية السعودية جاءا بدرجة مرتفعة, وأن الإدارة الرشيقة بأبعادها (التحسين المستمر، تنظيم العمل، العمل القياسي، الحيود السداسي) تؤثر تأثيراً إيجابياً في رفع الأداء الوظيفي إذ بلغت نسبة التأثير 79.6%, ماعدا بُعد (الموظفين متعددي الوظائف) لا يوجد له تأثير في رفع  الأداء الوظيفي في وزارة الصحة في المملكة العربية السعودية, وأوصت الدراسة بضرورة الاهتمام بأدوات الإدارة الرشيقة والتوسع في تطبيقها؛ لما لها من أثر في إيجاد الحلول الجذرية التي تقلل نسبة الهدر في المنظمة، كما أوصت بالعمل على تقليل الضغط على الموظفين والتشجيع على الابتكار وتوليد الأفكار الناجحة لتطوير العمل.
التنظيم الاداري وأثره على تحقيق التميز المؤسسي: دراسة تطبيقية على شركة عبداللطيف جميل
Authors: الحارثي بدر محمد
Published: May 2024

هدفت الدراسة إلى بيان أهمية التنظيم الاداري واهدافه ودوافع التميز المؤسسي وكيفية تحقيقه وتوضيح عدة نماذج للتنظيم الاداري وافترضت الدراسة ان هناك علاقة ذات دلاله إحصائية بين التنظيم الاداري وبين التميز المؤسسي وأن هناك علاقه ذات دلاله إحصائية بين عدم التخطيط السليم وبين تحقيق التميز المؤسسي واستخدمت الدراسة طريقة التحليل الإحصائي المتبعة وهي spss لإثبات صحة فرضيات الدراسة ومناقشتها وحساب صدق الاتساق الداخلي لأبعاد المقياس  لمحاوره وكذلك  مناقشة ثبات أداة الدراسة عن طريق معامل ألفا كرونباخ واستخدام أسلوب (SPSS) عن طريق استخدام اختبار تحليل التباين الأحادي الاتجاه One Way ANOVA على عينة عشوائية وقدرها (50) موظف من العاملين بشركة عبداللطيف جميل بمدينة جدة وتوصلت الدراسة إلى إنه ليست هناك علاقة ذات دلاله إحصائية بين التنظيم الاداري وبين التميز المؤسسي و ان هناك علاقه ذات دلاله إحصائية بين عدم التخطيط السليم وبين تحقيق التميز المؤسسي. كما أوصت الدراسة بضرورة إشراك جميع العاملين في شركة عبداللطيف جميل بدورات تدريبية لاستخدام الحاسوب في أعمالهم.
Covid-19 vaccination acceptance among visitors of Erbil primary health care centers
Authors:   College of Medicine, Hawler Medical University, Iraq, Hawez Sulaiman Karwan
Published: May 2024

Background: Vaccination is probably the most effective approach to prevent and control COVID-19. Studies assessing acceptance towards vaccination showed huge regional variations. Objective: To find out the rate of acceptance of Covid 19 vaccine and its associated factors as well as to explore out both the most frequent reasons behind acceptance or refusal of this vaccine and the most received and preferred type. Patients and Methods: In this cross-sectional study, a convenience sample of 1000 visitors to primary health care centers (PHCCs) in Erbil/Iraq, aged 18 years and older, were collected from December 2021 to December 2022. A structured questionnaire was used for data collection through a direct interview. Results: The study showed that 43.9% of the participants accepted the vaccine. The main reason behind refusal (53.8%) was not trusting its development, while the main reasons for receiving were to protect themselves (44.2%), majority of those vaccinated (76.5%) received Pfizer, which was the most preferred type (67.4%), 10.3% of them were not completing the recommended dose and the most common reasons behind this were neglect and shortage of time (31%), and afraid from side effects (31%). A significant association found between vaccination practice with gender, education, occupation, family income and socioeconomic status. Vaccinated persons were less likely to be infected with COVID19 (20.7%) than nonvaccinated ones (62.7%). Conclusion: Less than half of the participants were accepted the vaccine and the acceptance rate significantly associated with male gender, education, occupation, family income, and socioeconomic status. Keywords: COVID-19 vaccination acceptance, vaccine, primary health care centers .
Nanoparticles on pathogenic strains of Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli
Authors:   College of Medicine, University of Diyala, Diyala, Iraq, Abd Alrazaq Hassan Manar , Hassan N.A. , Khudhair Khalaf Shahad , hakiem tawfieq Ali
Published: May 2024

Background: Nanoparticles are increasingly being used as an alternative antibiotic to target microorganisms, particularly for treating bacterial infections. In current study it was recognized processes such as metal ion release, induction of oxidative stress, and non-oxidative mechanisms. Developing resistance to nanoparticles is challenging for bacterial cells due to the multiple simultaneous actions against microorganisms, and require several simultaneous gene alterations within the same bacterial cell. Objective: To determine the effect of the titanium dioxide nanoparticles (TiO2NPs) on the activity of the same bacteria that participate in dental caries (Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli). Patients and Methods: The study included 50 patients who attended the dental clinic and took the samples by the wooden swap from the molar area (cervical area of inflamed gingiva and same samples taken from occlusal surface of molar). The collected samples were cultured on “Mannitol salt agar, Blood agar, and MacConkey's agar plates” for separation of the needed bacteria (Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli) that showed wide spreading in the oral cavities and dental carries. TiO2NPs are then created using pulse laser ablation, followed by coating preparation the nanoparticles materials (using a hybrid sol-gel and organ silicate nanoparticles), and finally the prepared nanoparticles to the coating solution and local paint were used for antimicrobial activity of the separated bacteria using different concentrations of TiO2 in the cultures. Results: Characterization showed the phase of the TiO2NPs was spherical, with very few irregularly shaped particles, and had an average small size in millimeters. Antimicrobial activity results showed a strong bactericidal effect against Gram-positive bacteria and demonstrated greater sensitivity to TiO2 nanoparticles at lower concentrations when compared to Gram-negative bacteria. Conclusion: It was shown that nanotechnology promise in treating various infections caused by bacteria, including dental caries. Notably, nanoparticles have demonstrated broad-spectrum antibacterial effects against Gram-positive bacteria. Keywords: TiO2, nanoparticles, Staphylococcus aureus, and E. coli
Synthesis of Benzylpenicillin esters and evaluate the change in the anti-bacterial effects by Docking and bacteriological study
Authors:   Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Hawler Medical University, Erbil, Iraq, Abdulrahman alsheikhly Omar , R. Ganjo Aryan , Sardar Abdulrahman Hayman , Y. Issa Sanaa
Published: May 2024

Background: Benzylpenicillin is an antibiotic that possesses effectiveness mainly against gram-positive and some gram-negative bacteria. The carboxylic acid of beta-lactam is essential for its antibacterial activity. However, many prodrugs have been produced through the esterification of this carboxylic acid group, like Pivampicillin. Objective: To evaluate the antibacterial effects of Benzylpenicillin when the free carboxylic acid mask with different chemical groups of different polarity. Patients and Methods: Four Benzylpenicillin derivatives (compounds p1-p4) were chemically synthesized through the esterification of the carboxylic acid group with different groups of different polarity, and the antibacterial activities were examined by docking and bacteriological studies. Results: All the compounds showed different antibacterial results. The docking results showed that; the compound of the highest polarity (compound p1) has the best Binding energy. Also; The results of in vitro antibacterial activity showed that; compound p1 had the largest zones of inhibition and the highest antibacterial activity among all the other compounds. Conclusion: Masking the free carboxylic acid of benzylpenicillin with polar group will enhance the antibacterial activity. Keywords: Beta lactam antibiotics, Benzylpenicillin, anti-bacterial activities, docking, esterification.
Effect of hormonal therapy on bone mineral density of breast cancer women
Authors:   Baquba Teaching Hospital, Diyala Oncology Center, Diyala, Iraq, Hasan Mussttaf Alaa , Abid Ibreheem Hamid , Jabbar Hasan Yusra
Published: May 2024

Background: Aromatase inhibitor (AI) was received by breast cancer women with estrogen receptor-positive. The estrogen is the main stimulator for receptor-positive breast cancer cells development and growth, the adjuvant hormone ablation targeting estrogen can decrease the likelihood of cancer recurrence and prolong cancer-free survival. Objective: To determine the effect of this therapy on bone mineral density of women who received it. Patients and Methods: It was identified 100 women with local or regional breast cancer diagnosed and who received AI therapy in the January 2022 to February 2023 from Baqubah teaching hospital/Oncology Centre. It was used DEXA scan to determine the bone minerals density of 50 women after different years from receiving hormonal therapy and other 50 breast cancer women before receiving hormonal therapy. Results: It was shown that there is a significant difference (p<0.0001) in the spine and hip density of breast cancer women who received AIs compare with the bone density of other breast cancer women who did not receive it. Conclusion: It can conclude that Als plays an essential role for osteoporosis that reduce the quality of health and increase the risk of fraction in the breast cancer women. Keywords: Breast cancer, Hormonal therapy, Bone mineral, Osteoporosis.
Reliability and Validity of Visual Estimation in Determining Thorax Rotation Mobility using the Quadruped Lumbar-Locked Position
Authors: Whetstone Katelyn S , Matsel Kyle A , Patton Andrew S , Gehres Sarah E , Schwartzkopf-Phifer Kate
Published: May 2024

Background

Thoracic rotation mobility is crucial for athletes in rotational sports such as baseball, golf, and swimming to maintain the proper biomechanics associated with the sport. Accurate differentiation between normal mobility and active and passive physiological deficits in the thoracic region is critical for identifying the need for intervention to the thorax.

Purpose

To establish the reliability and discriminant validity of visual estimation of thorax rotation range of motion across clinicians of differing experience levels in determining normal mobility and active or passive physiological deficits when utilizing the quadruped lumbar-locked position.

Study Design

Cross-sectional

Methods

Thirty-eight subjects (21 female, 17 male) with a mean age of 27 years ± 6.67 were assessed with the quadruped lumbar-locked thorax rotation test by three examiners with various clinical experience in real-time and again one week later. Bilateral active and passive lumbar-locked thorax rotation mobility was assessed by all raters and categorized as “Unrestricted” (≥50°) or “Restricted” (<50°) while a research assistant simultaneously measured the motion with a digital inclinometer. All raters were blinded to the results. All results were analyzed for intra-rater reliability and agreement.

Results

Test-retest intra-rater reliability ranged from 0.55-0.72 and percent absolute agreement ranged from 0.82-0.89. Inter-rater reliability ranged from 0.45-0.59 while percent absolute agreement between raters ranged from 0.74-0.84. There was a significant difference in range of motion between “Unrestricted” and “Restricted” categories for both active (Unrestricted=54.6-58.9; Restricted=40.4-44.4; p<0.001) and passive motion (Unrestricted=61.3-63.5; Restricted=39.2-39.7; p<0.001). The only interaction effect was for passive left rotation [Rater A Restricted x ̅ =34.3(30.4-38.2); Rater C Restricted (x ) ̅=43.8(41.3-46.4); p=.000].

Conclusion

The quadruped lumbar-locked thorax rotation test demonstrates moderate to substantial test-retest intra-rater and inter-rater reliability regardless of clinical experience. The quadruped lumbar-locked thorax rotation test can accurately discriminate between individuals with active and passive physiological deficits regardless of rater experience using visual estimation.

Level of Evidence

3b
Interpersonal Coordination between Female Soccer Players: Leader-Follower Roles within a Collision-Avoidance Task
Authors: Fernandes Courtney A , Norte Grant E , Schwab Sarah M , Gokeler Alli , Murray Amanda , Bazett-Jones David M , Sherman David A
Published: May 2024

Background/Purpose

Return to sport decision-making may be improved by assessing an athlete’s ability to coordinate movement with opponents in sport. The purpose was to investigate whether previous injuries associated with female soccer players’ interpersonal coordination during a collision avoidance task. The authors hypothesized that external perturbations would disrupt the strength and stability of coordinated movement, and that individuals with a history of injury would be less likely to recover coordinated movement.

Study Design

Cross-Sectional

Methods

Nine female athletes with a history of lower extremity injuries and nine without injuries were paired into dyads. Each dyad completed twenty trials of an externally paced collision-avoidance agility task with an unanticipated perturbation. Participant trajectories were digitized and analyzed using cross-recurrence quantification analysis (CRQA) to determine the strength and stability of interpersonal coordination dynamics. Trials in which participants with injury history assumed leader or follower roles within each dyad were then used to study how dyadic coordination varied across task stages (early, perturbation, and late) using linear mixed effect models. Cohen’s d effect sizes were calculated to demonstrate magnitude of differences. In exploratory analysis, psychological readiness (i.e., self-reported knee functioning, fear of injury, and risk-taking propensity) was evaluated for their association with leader-follower status.

Results

Perturbation disrupted the strength (R2=0.65, p<0.001, early=49.7±1.7, perturbation=41.1±1.7, d=0.39) and stability (R2=0.71, p < 0.001, early=65.0±1.6, perturbation=58.0±1.7, d=0.38) of interpersonal coordination regardless of leader-follower status. Individuals with injury history failed to restore coordination after the perturbation compared to control participants (injury=44.2.0±2.1, control=50.8±2.6, d=0.39). Neither demographic nor psychological measures were associated with leader-follower roles (B=0.039, p=0.224).

Conclusion

Individuals with a history of lower extremity injury may have a diminished ability to adapt interpersonal coordination to perturbations, possibly contributing to a higher risk of re-injury.

Level of Evidence

3
Risk Factors Associated with First Time and Recurrent Shoulder Instability: A Systematic Review
Authors: Wright Alexis , Ness Brandon , Spontelli-Gisselman Angela , Gosselin Dora , Cleland Joshua , Wassinger Craig
Published: May 2024

Background

Shoulder instabilities constitute a large proportion of shoulder injuries and have a wide range of presentations. While evidence regarding glenohumeral dislocations and associated risk factors has been reported, less is known regarding the full spectrum of instabilities and their risk factors.

Purpose

The purpose of this systematic review was to identify modifiable risk factors to guide patient management decisions with regards to implementation of interventions to prevent or reduce the risk of shoulder instability.

Study Design

Systematic Review

Methods

A systematic, computerized search of electronic databases (CINAHL, Cochrane, Embase, PubMed, SportDiscus, and Web of Science) was performed. Inclusion criteria were: (1) a diagnosis of shoulder instability (2) the statistical association of at least one risk factor was reported, (3) study designs appropriate for risk factors, (4) written in English, and (5) used an acceptable reference standard for diagnosed shoulder instability. Titles and abstracts were independently screened by at least two reviewers. All reviewers examined the quality studies using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS). At least two reviewers independently extracted information and data regarding author, year, study population, study design, criterion standard, and strength of association statistics with risk factors.

Results

Male sex, participation in sport, hypermobility in males, and glenoid index demonstrated moderate to large risk associated with first time shoulder instability. Male sex, age <30 years, and history of glenohumeral instability with concomitant injury demonstrated moderate to large risk associated with recurrent shoulder instability.

Conclusion

There may be an opportunity for patient education in particular populations as to their increased risk for suffering shoulder instability, particularly in young males who appear to be at increased risk for recurrent shoulder instability.

Level of Evidence

Level III
Přirozenost u porodu – příklady provázanosti kultury a biologie pohledem porodní asistentky
Authors: Škvorová Anna
Published: May 2024

Porod je významnou událostí na počátku života každého z nás. Období kolem porodu je kritickým obdobím pro budoucí zdraví ženy i dítěte, i celých dalších generací. Porod, a především jeho citlivá poporodní fáze, zároveň byl a je terčem různých kulturních zásahů a ustálených rituálních úkonů. Výrazné proměny v porodní péči nastaly s rozvojem chirurgie a oboru porodnictví a s následnou institucionalizací, technologizací a medicinalizací porodu. „Mužské“ porodnictví převzalo dominantní roli nad původní porodní asistencí, a to i u nekomplikovaných porodů. V reakci na tyto změny vzniklo hnutí za přirozený porod. Také mezinárodní odborné organizace upozorňují na nebezpečí epidemie nadbytečných zásahů do porodu, které přináší fatální komplikace v současnosti i rizika pro budoucnost lidstva. Z globálního pohledu je nejvýraznějším faktem, že jen mizivé množství porodů proběhne za použití vlastního neurohormonálního řízení, s vlastním koktejlem „hormonů lásky“. Nadbytečné zásahy mohou vést k rychlému ovlivnění dalších generací prostřednictvím epigenetických změn (např. přímý vliv na plod ženského pohlaví in utero) a mezigenerační přenos mikrobiomu. Díky modernějším poznatkům nemůžeme zanedbat ani vliv stresových hormonů atp. umožňující mezigenerační přenos traumatu. Jsme schopni návratu či moderního vývoje k upřednostňování tzv. přirozeného porodu? Co vlastně znamená přirozený porod a kde jsou hranice mezi instinktivním chováním a kulturním podmíněním?
USE OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE TECHNOLOGIES IN THE EDUCATIONAL PROCESS OF PROFESSIONAL DESIGNER TRAINING
Authors: Shevchenko Liudmyla , Umanets Volodymyr , Rozputnia Bohdan
Published: May 2024

The article explores the potential role of artificial intelligence (AI) technologies in training design professionals. The article emphasizes the significance of developing digital competencies in future designers in line with current trends in digitalization and innovation. Success and competitiveness in the labor market are increasingly determined by the ability to work effectively with digital technologies, including AI.

The essence of the concept of 'artificial intelligence' and its relationship with the concept of 'Education 4.0' in Ukraine are examined. The text emphasizes the importance of modernizing education and introducing innovative teaching technologies, such as AI, to train highly qualified personnel capable of creating innovative design solutions based on AI technologies. The text analyzes the problem of insufficient use of such technologies in the training of future designers in Ukraine, which leads to a shortage of specialists with the necessary digital skills in the labor market.

The benefits of incorporating AI technologies into the training of designers are numerous. These include personalized learning, optimized distribution of teaching resources and methods, automated assessment and quality control of competencies, and an effective combination of independent and distance learning. It is important to note that these advantages are objective and supported by evidence. The article discusses the potential of AI in developing fundamental knowledge, practical design skills, 3D modeling, visualization, big data analysis, and interactive modeling of design solutions. It is important to avoid making claims about AI's capabilities that are not supported by evidence.

The authors propose various methods for implementing AI technologies in designer training. These include creating adaptive interactive courses on design and 3D modeling based on neural networks, developing systems for automated evaluation of creative works using machine learning, using Data Science to optimize the learning process based on big data analysis, and creating virtual 3D laboratories for simulating and modeling design processes using AI.

The article highlights the potential of artificial intelligence technologies to modernize and improve the efficiency of training future designers in the context of the digital transformation of society and the economy. The authors suggest the active implementation of AI technologies in the educational process to form highly professional and competitive design professionals who are ready for innovation.
WHAT SHOULD BE THE DIGITAL COMPETENCE OF TEACHERS IN THE FIELD OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE?
Authors: Morze Nataliia , Boiko Mariia , Strutynska Oksana , Smyrnova-Trybulska Eugenia
Published: May 2024

In today's world, where artificial intelligence (AI) is finding more and more applications in various fields of human activity, its role in education is becoming extremely relevant. The paper focuses on teachers' digital competence in the field of AI, highlighting both theoretical aspects and practical opportunities and challenges. The main focus of the study is to analyse teachers' attitudes towards AI, their understanding of its potential for the educational process, and to identify the main obstacles and challenges they face in implementing it. The authors emphasise that despite the recognition of the great potential of AI for personalising learning and optimising the educational process, many teachers still experience significant difficulties with its use due to the insufficient level of digital competence. This paper describes the digital AI tools that can be useful in professional pedagogical activities and classifies them according to the teachers' needs.

A survey conducted among teachers has shown that most respondents have a limited understanding of AI, its potential uses, and potential risks. Based on the results of the study, the authors developed recommendations for the development of teachers' digital competence in the field of AI, emphasising the need to clarify the concept of digital competence and adapt existing educational programmes. The authors believe that teacher training for the use of AI in professional activities should include not only technical aspects, but also ethical, social, and psychological components to ensure responsible and effective implementation of these technologies in the educational process.

One of the main conclusions of the study is that the active implementation of AI tools into the educational process requires not only updating the content of education, but also the development of new pedagogical strategies that would take into account the peculiarities of the digital learning environment. The authors emphasise the importance of developing teachers' readiness for continuous professional development in the context of rapid technological change, as well as creating effective mechanisms to support and stimulate their interest in using innovative technologies in the educational process.
ACADEMIC RESILIENCE OF STUDENTS. VERIFICATION OF THE ADAPTATION OF THE UKRAINIAN VERSION OF THE ACADEMIC RESILIENCE SCALE (ARS-30ukr ) AMONG FIRST-YEAR STUDENTS OF BORYS GRINCHENKO KYIV METROPOLITAN UNIVERSITY
Authors: Yurii Voloshchenko
Published: May 2024

Introduction. When studying the academic resilience of students, well-known scientists mainly use the Academic Resilience Scale, ARS-30. A review of available Internet sources shows that such a study is taking place in Ukraine for the first time.

The aim of the study is to check the reliability of the Ukrainian version of the Academic Resilience Scale (ARS-30ukr) for students of higher educational institutions and to compare it with other studies regarding its validity.

Material and methods. With their consent, 400 students who studied in the first year of Borys Grinchenko Kyiv Metropolitan University were examined. The age of the examinees is 17-18 years, 80.3% are women, 19.7% are men. The survey was conducted according to the Ukrainian version of the Academic Resilience Scale (ARS-30ukr), the translation and previous research on its adequacy for the Ukrainian-speaking environment are our own. IBM SPSS Statistics software was used for statistical data processing.

Results. The connections of the elements of the correlation matrix with high statistical significance (Determinant = 2.187E-11) were studied. Additional tests indicate sufficient adequacy (Kaiser-Meier-Olkin test = 0.972) and high sphericity (Barlett's test = 9527.9, p ˂ 0.001) of the sample.

Cronbach's alpha, which is a reliability coefficient and a measure of the internal consistency of the items, for the subscale "perseverance" is excellent and is 0.95, for the subscales "reflecting and adaptive help-seeking" and "negative affect and emotional response" is good and is 0.90 and 0.85, respectively.

Conclusions. The established values of the criteria of reliability and structural validity of the Ukrainian version of the Academic Resilience Scale (ARS-30ukr) testify to its good psychometric properties for the case study of students. The Ukrainian-language version of the ARS-30ukr questionnaire can be recommended for use in a Ukrainian-speaking social environment to study the academic resilience of higher education applicants.
Manifestações de Sexismo em Aulas de Ciências em Decorrência do Humor Como Estratégia Pedagógica
Authors: Luz Bárbara Elisa Santos Carvalho , Nascimento Silvania Sousa do
Published: May 2024

O objetivo deste artigo é compreender como as relações de poder se constituem na emergência do sexismo em aulas de Ciências do Ensino Fundamental a partir do uso do humor como estratégia pedagógica. A metodologia consistiu em uma bricolagem engendrada por elementos da etnografia educacional e da análise de discurso. As ferramentas da etnografia utilizadas foram a observação imersiva, a descrição densa e a entrevista semiestruturada. Uma turma de oitavo ano foi acompanhada por dez meses e, em dezoito aulas, o/a docente lançou mão do humor como estratégia pedagógica reverberando em acontecimentos marcados pelo sexismo. A descrição densa dessas aulas passou por uma leitura frisada por princípios da análise do discurso de inspiração foucaultiana. Observou-se que, uma vez instaurado nas aulas, o sexismo promove uma série de afetações sobre os sujeitos e relações de poder marcadas pelo dimorfismo sexual, a rivalidade entre o feminino e masculino e a superioridade do masculino sobre o feminino. As condições inerentes a manifestações do sexismo estão atrelados à ação docente e os efeitos produzidos nos sujeitos escapam do controle do/ professor/a, podendo produzir, por exemplo, constrangimentos. Desse modo, o artigo contribui para o debate sobre a desnaturalização das questões de gênero na presença do humor como estratégia pedagógica em aulas de Ciências.
Ethical issues in organ transplantation
Authors: Javed Safdar Hassan , Iqbal Zahid
Published: May 2024

Pakistan’s image as civilized society has been tarnished in recent years because of several factors. One of the factor had been human organ (“Kidneys”) trade which has shifted from India to Pakistan. Media, in particular had gone to the extent of labeling it as shifting of “Kidney Bazar”, “Bombay Bazar” from India to Lahore and Islamabad. We as a nation have failed to promulgate cadaveric law. Even the medical community is not aware of the curse of non-related renal Transplantation in Pakistan. You discuss the dilemma of Kidney trade even with medical students and young doctors, they may have opposite opinion and perceive it as a “life saving” procedure. They may not be able to differentiate between “Altruistic” and “Commercial interests” involved in the “trade” of renal transplantation. This review will highlight some of the ethical aspects of this important topic concerning our nation at this time of actual implementation of Cadaveric Law
Frequently Associated Problems of Cerebral Palsy
Authors: Malik Bushra Abdul , Zafar Sadia , Razzaq Abdul , Butt Muhammad Asghar , Khan Muhammad Sagheer , Mughal Surriya
Published: May 2024

Objective To identify the frequently associated problems of cerebral palsy in our setup. Study Design:  Descriptive case series. Setting:Department of Pediatrics, Allied Hospital Faisalabad during the period of 2005-2006, Patients and Method: Two hundred children from 1 to 12 years of age of either sex who were diagnosed as cerebral palsy on the basis of history and clinical examination were included and associated problems were identified. Results: Out of 200 cases of CP, the most commonly identified problem was nutritional disorder and growth failure followed by mental retardation, constipation, seizures, contractures, aspiration pneumonia, urinary tract infection, oromotor dysfunctions, visual abnormalities, dental anomalies, hearing abnormalities, scoliosis and behaviour disturbances in that order.
Angiofibroma - a study of 22 cases at Allied Hospital Punjab Medical College, Faisalabad.
Authors: Tirmizey Muhammad Ali , Ahmad Imtiaz , Khan Babar Rafiq , Hanif Muhammad , Saleem Muhammad , Ibrahim Ehsaan
Published: May 2024

Objective: The Primary objective of the study was to study the presentation of Angiofibroma of Nasopharynx in Faisalabad and to compare the results of various treatment modalities.  DESIGN: Prospective comparative study: SETTINGS: The study was carried out at the department of ENT & Head & Neck Surgery Allied Hospital Faisalabad, a tertiary care hospital. PERIOD: June 2001 – June 2006. PATIENTS AND METHODS: A study of 22 cases of Angiofibroma including all cases during the 5 years was carried out. All the patients were admitted. Detailed history, physical examinations, and investigations were done. CT Scan with contrast was done in all cases and in some selected cases, MRI was also done in some cases.RESULTS: All the patients were male between 10 – 25   years of age.  All the presented with epistaxis  (100%).    Other features included, nasal Obstruction, nasal discharge, orbital patients proptosis, mass in the nose and obvious deformity. All the patients underwent surgical excision except two, which were found inoperable. In 3 patients, the tumour was excised by transpalatal approach. In 3 patients, Transnasal – Maxillary approach using Weber Fergusson,s incision was done and in 14 patients, Lateral Rhinotomy was used. CONCLUSIONS: Angiofibroma is a difficult condition to deal with. Any patient with the slightest suspicion must be thoroughly investigated, as early diagnosis makes huge difference in outcome. Surgical excision is the treatment of choice.
Determinants of outcome of primary repair of colonic trauma
Authors: Chaudhri Khalid Mehmood , Naeem Muhammad , Khan Muhammad Ajmal , Iqbal Javed , Hameed Fakhar
Published: May 2024

OBJECTIVES:  To search of parameters for the selection of the group cases of colonic injuries getting maximum benefit of primary repair. STUDY DESIGN:  A prospective non-randomized study. SETTING:  Surgical Unit IV, DHQ Hospital, Faisalabad. SUBJECTS:  Patients with colonic trauma due to penetrating and non-penetrating injuries. MAIN OUTCOME DETERMINANTS: The main outcome determinants found significant were age, proper prompt treatment, severity of injury, haemodynamic status at the time of operation and gross faecal contamination. RESULTS: Thirty patients colonic trauma who the basis of history, clinical examination and investigations. Patients were closely observed for sign and symptoms of anastomotic leak, and intra- record of these patients was maintained on preformed proforma. All risk factors were made measurable on abdominal sepsis, wound infection. Out of 30 patients, presented to Emergency Ward during one year, underwent  exploratory   laparotomy.   The   complete 24 patients were managed by primary repair and six patients were managed by staged procedure. All the 24 patients developed no infective complications. One out of six patients of staged procedure group died on 3rd post-operative day due to sudden myocardial infarction and three out of six patients developed infective complications. CONCLUSIONS: Age, proper prompt treatment, severity of injury, haemodynamic status at the time of operation and gross faecal contamination are determinants of outcome of primary repair of colonic trauma.
Blunt liver trauma: selective conservative approach
Authors: Akram Muhammad , Jqbal Javed , Khan Muhammad Ajmal , Hameed Fakhar
Published: May 2024

Objective: to highlight the scope of conservatism in the selective blunt liver injuries in patients who are hemodynamically stable. Study design: prospective non-interventional descriptive study. Place and duration of study: the study was conducted in Surgical Unit-I and IV of Allied and DHQ Hospitals, PMC, Faisalabad, during three years from August 2004 to august 2007. Patients and Methods: out of 45 patients received during this period, 28 were hemodynamically unstable and were immediately explored, the remaining 17 were enrolled in the study who were managed conservatively. After resuscitation all the patients underwent Ultrasound and then followed up with serial Hb% estimation and repeat ultrasound scanning in the High Dependency Unit of the wards. The patients were discharged on 7th day, if the hematology and check Ultrasound scan was normal with the advice to restrict physical activity and the regular follow-up in the OPD. Results: out of the 17 patients treated conservatively, 14 were male and only 3 were females.the SGPT levels were elevated in 84%. More than one liter of hemoperitoneum was detected in two cases who were given 4 units of blood and 11 of the 17 patients needed blood transfusion.. there was no missed intraabdominal injury in our series. The mean length of hospital stay was 10.2 days. The two patients(11.76%)developed perihepatic abscess and were treated by subcutaneous drainage. Conclusion: Selective non-operative approach is a valid policy for patients with blunt liver trauma who are hemodynamically stable.
Female urethral diverticula with multiple stones. A rare presentation.
Authors: Malik Muhammad Akram , Javed Safdar Hassan , Jafari Ashraf Ali , Gulzar Rehman , Ali Muhammad , Iqbal Zahid
Published: May 2024

Female urethral diverticula is a localized out pouching of urethra into anteriorvaginal wall. Most often it is present in the middle urethra. Obstruction of periurethral glands is considered to be the cause of diverticula [1,2]. Urethral diverticula is often difficult to diagnose, however with the increasing awareness of the condition by the physician it is being diagnosed with increasing frequency. The traditional presentation is three “Ds” dysuria, dribbling and dysprneuria with palpable vaginal mass [3,4]. However a significant number of patients present with urinary frequency urgency, dysuria. Very rarely calculi and urethral carcinoma may be present [5,6,7]. Common methods of evaluation include ultrasonography cystourethroscopy, voiding cystourethrography and MRI [8,9]. Treatment of urethral diverticula usually is surgical excision or marsupialization of distal diverticula [10]. Asymptomatic or minimally symptomatic diverticula can be managed conservatively with observation, prophylactic antibiotics and post voidal digital decompression.