bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Patterns of Respiration Rate Reactivity in Response to a Cognitive Stressor Associate With Self-Reported Mental Health Outcomes
Authors: Kaplan Josh , Colgan Dana Dharmakaya , Klee Daniel , Hanes Douglas , Oken Barry S.
Published: April 2023

Many studies have examined physiological responses to acute stress in healthy and clinical populations. Some have documented exaggerated physiological stress reactivity in response to acute stress, while others have reported blunted physiological stress reactivity. Although the literature is conflicted, the relationship between abnormal physiological stress reactivity and negative outcomes is well-established. However, past research has neglected a critical aspect of physiological stress response – respiration – and it is unclear whether differences in respiration rate responses to acute stress are related to health outcomes. This secondary cross-sectional analysis explored differences in outcomes between three subgroups: blunted, moderate, and exaggerated respiration rate reactivity to an acute stress task. In a sample of at least mildly-stressed older adults ( n = 55), we found that perceived stress ( b = −7.63; p = .004) and depression ( b = −9.13; p = .007) were significantly lower in the moderate reactivity group compared to the high reactivity group, and that self-reported mindfulness ( b = 10.96; p = .008) was significantly lower in the moderate reactivity group as compared to the low reactivity group. Across outcomes, participants in the moderate range of physiological reactivity showed less negative and more positive psychological attributes and better health outcomes, while the blunted subgroup demonstrated more negative and less positive psychological attributes and worse health outcomes overall, when compared to the exaggerated and moderate groups. This study extends the literature by adding respiration to markers of acute physiological stress reactivity and demonstrating the effects of blunted respiration reactivity on negative psychological attributes and health outcomes.
Texture mapping-based virtual simulation of striped jacquard fabrics
Authors: Zheng Peixiao , Jiang Gaoming , Cong Honglian
Published: April 2023

Fabric computer-aided design has become a hot research topic in recent years. The main objective of this research is to innovate a method of design, simulation and virtual display for weft-knitted striped jacquard fabrics. Preferentially, the fabric design and simulation models were established and the virtual yarns are intermeshed by connecting each control point of the loops to generate the structural simulation. The simulated image was captured as the texture image. The virtual display method of the garment based on texture mapping was mainly studied and innovated. Texture matching was realized based on the two-dimensional garment piece models and the vertices texture coordinates of the three-dimensional garment models were reset, then the three-dimensional garment virtual display was realized according to the mapping relationship between the triangles. During this process, the position of the texture can be dynamically designed and adjusted to achieve the desired effect. This research introduced the design of four kinds of striped fabrics and illustrated the corresponding simulation and virtual display effect to verify the feasibility of the method. The analysis of simulation efficiency reveals that the method responds quickly and has favorable adaptability to diverse patterns and models. The research provides a new idea for the computer-aided design of knitted fabrics and promotes the development of personalized garment customization.
SYMMETRIC INTERESTS AND ATTENTION PATTERNS IN ASYMMETRY
Authors: Ameyaw-Brobbey Thomas , Amable Dennis Senam
Published: April 2023

This article uses the Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) to examine the asymmetric relationship between China and Kazakhstan under a proposed framework—symmetric interest. It breaks from the domination–submission, divergent stakes, interests, patterns, and misperception perspectives characterizing asymmetry to show how asymmetric relations in a non-external security context elucidate peaceful relations. Under what conditions do asymmetric relationships defy misperception and confrontation to produce peaceful cooperation? How is the BRI likely to manage China's asymmetric relationship with Kazakhstan? The study argues that asymmetric relations within domestic security and other non-external military security issue areas engender peaceful cooperation. This peaceful cooperation emerges because the stakes and interests of the parties become more symmetrical in absolute terms; thus managing misperceptions and associated confrontation. We propose a framework of symmetric interest and employ the cases of China and Kazakhstan to test the hypotheses and support the conclusion. Beyond providing an alternative perspective in the asymmetry literature, we lastly offer a discussion of the policy relevance.
Impact of Diagnosis-Related Groups on Inpatient Quality of Health Care: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Chen Ya-jing , Zhang Xin-yu , Yan Jia-qi , Xue-Tang  , Qian Meng-cen , Ying Xiao-hua
Published: April 2023

The aim of this meta-analysis was to comprehensively evaluate the effectiveness of Diagnosis-related group (DRG) based payment on inpatient quality of care. A comprehensive literature search was conducted in PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials and Web of Science from their inception to December 30, 2022. Included studies reported associations between DRGs-based payment and length of stay (LOS), re-admission within 30 days and mortality. Two reviewers screened the studies independently, extracted data of interest and assessed the risk of bias of eligible studies. Stata 13.0 was used in the meta-analysis. A total of 29 studies with 36 214 219 enrolled patients were analyzed. Meta-analysis showed that DRG-based payment was effective in LOS decrease (pooled effect: SMD = −0.25, 95% CI = −0.37 to −0.12, Z = 3.81, P < .001), but showed no significant overall effect in re-admission within 30 days (RR = 0.79, 95% CI = 0.62-1.01, Z = 1.89, P = .058) and mortality (RR = 0.91, 95% CI = 0.72-1.15, Z = 0.82, P = .411). DRG-based payment demonstrated statistically significant superiority over cost-based payment in terms of LOS reduction. However, owing to limitations in the quantity and quality of the included studies, an adequately powered study is necessary to consolidate these findings.
Facilitating Multicultural and Social Justice Development through Immersion and Study Abroad Experiences
Authors: Davis Jama , Brown David , Vuncannon and Jerry , Chamberlin Brandi , Frazier Charity
Published: April 2023

Mental health training programs are required to train students to become competent clinical professionals wherein they learn multicultural competencies, including social justice perspectives, and develop multicultural orientation. A growing trend in multicultural competence development and multicultural orientation understanding, embraced both by training programs and professional mental health organizations, is cultural immersion and study abroad experiences. These provide opportunities for personal growth, firsthand cultural learning, and exposure to global mental health matters from diverse perspectives. In addition, studying abroad allows for increased knowledge, emotional and empathic development, and spiritual formation which can lead to personal transformative development. Spirituality is a common element within study abroad, multicultural competency, and multicultural orientation, all of which are unique in all persons as a natural aspect of personal development. Through studying abroad, students can cultivate multicultural, spiritual, and values understanding, as well as encounter serendipitous learning opportunities that lead to transformative development and social justice advocacy opportunities.
Consensus tracking control for time-varying delayed linear multi-agent systems under relative state saturation constraints
Authors: Zanganeh Javad , Hosseini Sani Seyed Kamal , Pariz Naser
Published: April 2023

The consensus control with the leader of delayed linear multi-agent systems under the relative state saturations is investigated in this article. Using an incidence matrix, the consensus problem of delayed multi-agent systems (time-varying input delays) with relative state saturation is converted into the stability problem of edge dynamics on the closed sets. Then, a new linear control protocol is designed using a saturation function that guarantees stability for all agents under relative state saturation constraints. With the appropriate Lyapunov–Krasovskii functional definition, sufficient conditions are created for the consensus of the agents. Meanwhile, the relative state saturations do not happen. Also, the agents track the leader’s path well, while bounded delays can be time-varying and arbitrarily fast. This consensus and stability are achieved by maintaining graph connectivity. Finally, the correctness of the above content is confirmed by simulating a practical example.
Measurement performance evaluation and noise compensation for a Fourier transform infrared–based pyrometer
Authors: Zhang Yan , Lu Fucheng , Wu Long , Deng Tao , Zhang Yuzhong , Zhou Ruihong
Published: April 2023

The Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectrometer is widely used for spectrum analysis and radiation intensity measurement. In this work, a pyrometer with the temperature measurement range of 800°C to 1200°C is developed based on the FTIR spectrometer, and the calibration of the instrument coefficients using a standard radiation source is performed. On this basis, the readout noise and shot noise in the spectral signal are analyzed, and a detailed quantitative evaluation of the influences of two kinds of noise on the temperature measurement accuracy is also carried out in this work. Experimental results show that the temperature deviation caused by the two kinds of noise is less than 1°C when the wavelength is within the range of 2.0 to 5.4 μm. However, when the wavelength is greater than 5.4 μm, the maximum temperature deviation caused by the readout noise and shot noise can reach about 12°C and 18°C, respectively. In view of this, a Kalman filter method is introduced in this work to reduce temperature fluctuations caused by these noises, where the maximum fluctuation can be reduced from 83.9°C to 6.1°C with this filter method. These experimental results can provide a valuable guidance for the general-purpose calibration and assessment of the FTIR-based pyrometer.
Serum Levels of Oxidative Stress Indicators and Antioxidant Enzymes in Bell Palsy
Authors: Bozan Nazim , Kocak Ömer Faruk , Demir Canser Yılmaz , Dinc Mehmet Emre , Avcı Koray , Demir Halit , Kıroglu Ahmet Faruk
Published: April 2023

We conducted a prospective study to comparatively evaluate serum levels of malondialdehyde, an oxidative stress indicator, and the antioxidant enzymes glutathione, catalase, and superoxide dismutase in patients with Bell palsy. Our study population was made up of 30 patients with Bell palsy—15 men and 15 women, aged 25 to 68 years (mean: 50.4)—who were seen in the Department of Otorhinolaryngology at a tertiary care medical center. For comparison purposes, we recruited 26 healthy age- and sex-matched controls—16 men and 10 women, aged 40 to 67 years (mean: 54.3). Serum samples were obtained from all participants before the initiation of steroid treatment to the Bell palsy patients. A correlation was sought between demographic data and serum levels of malondialdehyde, glutathione, catalase, and superoxide dismutase. We found that the serum level of malondialdehyde was significantly higher in the Bell palsy group and that the levels of glutathione, catalase, and superoxide dismutase were all significantly lower (p < 0.001 for all comparisons). Correlation analysis revealed that only superoxide dismutase levels were positively correlated with age (r = 0.347, p = 0.009). We suggest that oxidative stress and antioxidant mechanisms may be involved in the pathogenesis of Bell palsy. In this context, serum levels of malondialdehyde, glutathione, catalase, and superoxide dismutase may serve as biomarkers in the diagnosis and follow-up of Bell palsy. Confirmation of the validity, reliability, and reproducibility of these findings necessitates further prospective, randomized clinical trials in larger populations.
Venous Outflow and Otosclerosis: An Unusual Case of Pulsatile Tinnitus
Authors: Motamedi Vida , Doyle Edward J. , Nickel Joseph C. , Monetti Alexandra Rose , Kraus Eric M.
Published: April 2023

We report resolution of right-sided pulsatile tinnitus in a 44-year-old male who underwent stapedectomy for fenestral otosclerosis. Initial workup revealed a mixed hearing loss and absent stapedial reflexes consistent with ossicular fixation. CT angiography demonstrated near complete stenosis of the left-sided transverse and sigmoid sinuses and dominant contralateral venous outflow. We hypothesized that the dominant right cerebral venous outflow tract created turbulent flow that was conducted to cochlea. Successful stapedectomy was performed, and the pulsatile tinnitus resolved. This case report demonstrates evidence that the sound of turbulent blood flow can be conducted through bone and an instance where the perception of vascular tinnitus was eliminated with stapedectomy.
Does contemporary recognition theory rest on a mistake?
Authors: Giladi Paul
Published: April 2023

My aim in this paper is to argue, contra Axel Honneth, that ‘the summons’ ( Aufforderung), the central pillar of Fichte’s transcendentalist account of recognition, is best made sense of not as an ‘invitation’, but rather as a second-personal demand, whose illocutionary content draws attention to the demandingness of responsibilities towards vulnerable agents. Because of this, the summons has good explanatory force in terms of disclosing the phenomenological dynamics of psychosocially and politically significant reactive attitudes. Under my reading, then, Fichte’s position, contra Honneth’s ‘negative’ treatment of it, is anything but an empty formalism that ‘fails to refer to subjects of flesh and blood’.
Nerve Growth Factor in Psychiatric Disorders: A Scoping Review
Authors: Jaiswal Alankrit , Shreekantiah Umesh , Goyal Nishant
Published: April 2023

Background:

Neurotrophins have been implicated in multiple psychiatric disorders. Nerve Growth Factor (NGF) is one of the major neurotrophins that has attracted much research interest. Therefore, we undertook, to the best of our knowledge, the first scoping review encompassing all major psychiatric disorders and their relation to NGF. This review aimed to identify the current position of NGF in psychiatric research and to outline present gaps in knowledge, which can be answered with a more detailed systematic review in the future.

Methods:

Suitable studies were identified using PubMed. A total of 20 studies were included in the review: two on bipolar affective disorder (BPAD), three on schizophrenia, seven on depression, and eight on alcohol use disorder.

Results:

NGF levels are definitively reduced in BPAD and depression, while NGF levels in schizophrenia decreased further after treatment than in the drug-naïve state. The effect of treatment on NGF levels in depression varied based on treatment modalities and severity of depression. In patients with depression, raised NGF was a predictor of conversion to bipolar disorder (BD). NGF levels were raised in acute alcohol intoxication and withdrawal but normalized slowly as abstinence was maintained. NGF may play a protective role in preventing the toxic ill effect of acute alcohol intoxication on the central nervous system.

Conclusion:

Based on current knowledge, NGF levels may be a useful biomarker of a chronic mental stress condition. However, further research is needed before it can be used to identify a specific psychiatric illness or predict treatment response.
Factors Associated with Family Retention or Involvement in Treatment of Persons with Severe Mental Illness: A Scoping Review
Authors: Vasava Tejas , Majhi Gobinda , Muralidhar D. , Kumar Devvarta
Published: April 2023

Objective:

A scoping review was conducted to detect the factors that affect family retention (FR) or involvement (FI) in the treatment of persons with severe mental illness (PwSMI) and to understand the gaps in this research area.

Design:

We included studies that described factors associated with FR/FI in the treatment of persons with PwSMI. English language articles available in full text, published until June 2022, were included. The literature search was carried out in four major electronic databases, such as PubMed, Scopus, ProQuest, and EBSCOhost, for 6 months from January 2022 to June 2022, which yielded 5442 articles, of which six (four primary studies and two secondary studies) were considered for the final scoping review as per the inclusion criteria.

Results:

Five major categories of factors were identified: (a) family level, (b) professional level, (c) mental health system level, (d) related to characteristics of the patient and illness, and (e) related to the external environment. Most studies described barriers to FI, while only a few elaborated on facilitators for FI/FR. Systemic and family-level factors were the major contributors to the barrier to FI and FR in the treatment of people with PwSMI.

Conclusion:

There is a dearth of literature in the field of FR/FI in the treatment of people with schizophrenia. More research is required so that holistic interventions can be designed and provided.
Price Discovery in Agricultural Commodities Markets for India: A Case of Cotton
Authors: Kabi Rishita , Panda Pradiptarathi , Chari Latha
Published: April 2023

This study applies vector autoregression to capture the relationships among inflation, cotton spot and futures price. Further, the autoregressive distributed lag model has been applied to capture the impact of rainfall on the cotton spot and futures price. The result of this study reveals that cotton spot price positively impacts cotton futures, while rainfall negatively impacts the price of cotton futures. There is no impact of inflation on cotton spot and futures markets. Due to the sensitivity of crops to rainfall, the monsoon plays a vital role in price discovery in the agricultural market. Similarly, inflation is another significant issue linked to agricultural prices. Further, any movement in futures prices driven by the speculative activity of traders in the commodity derivatives does not contribute to changes in the spot prices.
Early aseptic loosening of a press-fit radial head prosthesis – A case series of 6 patients
Authors: Corbaz J , Barimani B , Vauclair F
Published: April 2023

Objective

Radial head arthroplasty (RHA) is the principal treatment option for comminuted radial head (RH) fractures. Here, we present six cases of failed RHA using a modular monopolar press-fit RHA that was subsequently withdrawn from the market because it was associated with a high incidence of loosening.

Methods

We retrospectively collected data from six patients who had received Radial Head Prothesis SystemTM at our centre between July 2015 and June 2016. The average follow-up was 40 months.

Results

Aseptic loosening of the stem affected five (83%) of the six RHA. Four of these were symptomatic and RHA removal was performed. For these patients, the pain subsided and their elbow range of motion (ROM) improved.

Conclusion

While the ideal design for an RHA is still debatable, RHA is an efficient treatment option that restores elbow stability and function after a comminuted RH fracture. Importantly, removal of the prosthesis is an effective remedy following RHA associated elbow pain and decreased ROM.
The New Labor Activism, a New Labor Sociology
Authors: Cornfield Daniel B.
Published: April 2023

This symposium issue of Work and Occupations on “The New Labor Activism” develops a new generation of labor sociology research for comprehending and sustaining the contemporary labor mobilization in the U.S., the largest labor mobilization since the 1930s. The symposium responds to the question raised in the June, 2022 report of the Worker Empowerment Research Network about the sustainability of the new labor activism. The symposium essays focus on the themes of “history,” “intersectionality,” “worker agency,” and “hierarchy” and continue the post-World War II transition of the field from a union-centered toward a worker-centered labor sociology.
The American Public’s Views about Legal Immigration: The Case of the Diversity Visa Lottery Program
Authors: Pryce Daniel K. , Chenane Joselyne L.
Published: April 2023

This study assesses contemporary attitudes toward the Diversity Visa Lottery program. Specifically, we examine the public’s views about the Diversity Visa Lottery, an immigrant visa program that was criticized by former President Donald Trump. Using a data set that approximates a nationally representative sample of U.S. residents, we found evidence that those who voted for Donald Trump in 2016, those who did not vote for president in 2016, those who identified as conservative/very conservative, and older citizens favor eliminating the Diversity Visa Lottery program. On the contrary, Blacks, the more highly educated, and those who identified as very liberal/liberal oppose eliminating the Diversity Visa Lottery program. The implications of our findings for group relations, policy, and future research are discussed.
Dynamic grasping of manipulator based on realtime smooth trajectory generation
Authors: Liu Bo , Wei Shimin , Yao Mingfeng , Yu Xiuli , Tang Ling
Published: April 2023

For safe and effective grasping in a dynamic environment, planning algorithms need real-time to deal with changing the target’s movement and obstacles. This paper proposes a new sequential Sense-Plan-Act (SeqSPA) dynamic grasping framework to generate a robot’s real-time and smooth grasping trajectory. Specifically, we cluster all stable grasps of the target, transform the clustering centers into pregrasps, and predict the future motion of the moving objects by using the observed values. The trajectory optimization algorithm constructing the approximative joint space gradient field can generate a smooth trajectory for a 6-DOF industrial robot arm within 2 ms. Our method generates trajectories for multiple pregrasps and selects the time-optimal trajectory for execution. Simulation comparison and actual experiments verify that our framework can immediately respond to environmental changes and efficiently find a grasping trajectory of the near-optimal time. The trajectory optimization algorithm in the framework can also be used alone to generate a real-time grasping trajectory when the prediction module cannot accurately predict the target motion.
The islamogauchisme discourse, or the power to create the inner enemy
Authors: Zia-Ebrahimi Reza
Published: April 2023

This article aims to examine the genealogy of the discourse of islamogauchisme (sometimes translated as ‘Islamo-leftism’), provide a socio-historical analysis of its political functions in the French culture wars and highlight its relevance to an understanding of transnational, particularly transatlantic, opposition to antiracist and pro-Palestinian politics. The article will also place the islamogauchisme discourse within a deeper history of racialised conspiracy thinking.
The Roaring 20s for Social Europe. The European Pillar of Social Rights and burgeoning EU legislation
Authors: Kilpatrick Claire
Published: April 2023

Social Europe is not only back but, we aim to show, bigger and bolder than ever before. Through historical comparison we make the case that, rather than being a false dawn, legislative developments linked to the 2017 European Pillar of Social Rights (Pillar or EPSR) beckon such a significant and broad-based burgeoning of Social Europe that it can be characterised as the ‘Roaring 20s’ for Social Europe. This is quite a surprise based on recent Social Europe history, the Pillar itself and established EU competence limits and practices. How Social Europe has defied these justifiably low expectations is the primary focus of this analysis. It aims to characterise and illustrate what we see as a new and quite dramatic turn for Social Europe.
Barriers and Facilitators in the Creation of a Surveillance System for Solar Radiation-Induced Skin Cancers
Authors: Slot Nicole , Tenkate Thomas , Forsman-Phillips Lindsay , Arrandale Victoria H , Kalia Sunil , Holness D Linn , Peters Cheryl E
Published: April 2023

Outdoor workers are exposed to many hazards, including solar ultraviolet radiation (UVR). Identifying, reporting, analyzing and tracking the exposures or health outcomes of outdoor workers have not generally been formally considered. This article aims to summarize the best practices/strategies for creating an occupational sun exposure or skin cancer surveillance system for outdoor workers and to understand the key barriers and facilitators to the development of such a system. For the design of a successful occupational safety and health (OSH) surveillance system five occupational surveillance strategies are summarized: exposure registry, disease registry, disease screening/medical surveillance, sentinel event surveillance, and disease surveillance via data linkage. Ten key considerations are identified, including identifying a clear goal, a defined target population and stakeholder involvement, five critical barriers are highlighted including underreporting and funding, and five vital facilitators are recognized including communication/collaboration and a simple reporting process.
Support Decent Work for All as a Public Health Goal in the United States. (APHA Policy Statement Number 20223, Adopted November 2022)
Authors:   American Public Health Association
Published: April 2023

This policy promotes decent work as a U.S. public health goal through a comprehensive approach that builds upon existing APHA policy statements and addresses statement gaps. The International Labour Organization defines decent work as work that is “productive, delivers a fair income, provides security in the workplace and social protection for workers and their families, offers prospects for personal development and encourages social interaction, gives people the freedom to express their concerns and organize and participate in the decisions affecting their lives and guarantees equal opportunities and equal treatment for all across the entire lifespan.” The World Health Organization has emphasized that “health and employment are inextricably linked” and “health inequities attributable to employment can be reduced by promoting safe, healthy and secure work.” Here evidence is presented linking decent work and health and action steps are proposed to help achieve decent work for all and, thus, improve public health. In the United States, inadequacies in labor laws, structural racism, failed immigration policies, ageism, and other factors have increased income inequality and stressful and hazardous working conditions and reduced opportunities for decent work, adversely affecting workers’ health and ability to sustain themselves and their families. The COVID-19 pandemic highlighted these failures through higher mortality rates among essential and low-wage workers, who were disproportionately people of color. This policy statement provides a strategic umbrella of tactics for just, equitable, and healthy economic development of decent work and proposes research partnerships to develop, implement, measure, and evaluate decent work in the United States.
Falling Prey to Bias? The Influence of Advisors on the Manifestation of Cognitive Biases in the Pre-M&A Phase of Organizations
Authors: Aschbacher Julia , Kroon David P.
Published: April 2023

Our study demonstrates that the pre-M&A phase provides breeding ground for irrational behavior in the form of cognitive biases. These biases not only arise within acquiring and acquired firms, but M&A advisors themselves are also prone to effort-saving techniques and subconscious biases, which may be reflected in the client’s M&A decision-making process. Cognitive biases stem from the contractual client–advisor relationship that elicits time pressure, standardization, and emotionality—that is, circumstances that favor the employment of effort-saving techniques. These biases lead to complex decisions based on the selective collection, framing and evaluation of data, the overestimation of one’s rationality, ability and deal likelihood, the illusion of control, and one-sided views. Such a biased evaluation of information is likely to induce the selection of a non-optimal target or acquirer or simply forcing a deal that should not be made in the first place. Hence, these cognitive biases can be seen as a source for consequent M&A failure. With the identification of cognitive biases and bias-fostering circumstances, our study allows for awareness and consequent mitigation of such blind spots, thereby improving decision-making processes in the pre-M&A phase via the introduction of “debiasing” strategies and the creation of favorable conditions for rational reasoning.
Category Switching Test: A Brief Amyloid-β-Sensitive Assessment Tool for Mild Cognitive Impairment
Authors: Cui Liang , Zhang Zhen , Guo Yihan , Li Yuehua , Xie Fang , Guo Qihao
Published: April 2023

The Category Switching Test (CaST) is a verbal fluency test with active semantic category switching. This study aimed to explore the association between CaST performance and brain amyloid-β (Aβ) burden in patients with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and the neurofunctional mechanisms. A total of 112 participants with MCI underwent Florbetapir positron emission tomography, resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging, and a neuropsychological test battery. The high Aβ burden group had worse CaST performance than the low-burden group. CaST score and left middle temporal gyrus fractional amplitude of low-frequency fluctuations (fALFF) related inversely to the global Florbetapir standardized uptake value rate. Functional connectivity between the left middle temporal gyrus and frontal lobe decreased widely and correlated with CaST score in the high Aβ burden group. Thus, CaST score and left middle temporal gyrus fALFF were valuable in discriminating high Aβ burden. CaST might be useful in screening for MCI with high Aβ burden.
Interventions to Support Children’s Recovery From Neglect—A Systematic Review
Authors: Jackson A. L. , Frederico M. , Cleak H. , Perry B. D.
Published: April 2023

Earlier reviews to discover research on interventions for children after neglect have concluded little was available, despite the well-documented prevalence and harmful effects of neglect on children. We revisited this question through a systematic literature review to discover the state of research on interventions for children who have experienced neglect. We searched MEDLINE, PsycINFO, ERIC, Sociological Abstracts and EMBASE for studies published between 2003 and 2021. Studies were included if neglect could be distinguished, and child outcomes reported. Eight reports describing six studies about six interventions were identified. These studies differed in interventions, age-groups, definitions of neglect, and outcomes. Four studies reported positive child outcomes though with varying degree of quality. More research is needed to inform a coherent theory of change following neglect. There remains an urgent need for research on interventions to help children recover from neglect.
Where Do They Go? The Destinations of Residents Moving from Gentrifying Neighborhoods
Authors: Freeman Lance , Hwang Jackelyn , Haupert Tyler , Zhang Iris
Published: April 2023

The fate of residents living in gentrifying neighborhoods remains an important yet little understood outcome of the gentrification process. In this study, we assess the effects of gentrification on mobility patterns using the geocoded version of the panel study of income dynamics (PSID), a nationally representative longitudinal survey of households. While many studies examine whether residents move from gentrifying neighborhoods, few study their destinations. We utilize PSID data from 2001 to 2017 to identify each respondent's census tract and characteristics of the tract to which they moved. We find little difference in the socioeconomic status or access to the urban core of the destination neighborhoods of residents originating in gentrifying neighborhoods compared to the destination neighborhoods of residents originating in nongentrifying neighborhoods. Our findings inform debates on whether residents of gentrifying neighborhoods are pushed out of central cities and into worse neighborhoods than residents of other low-income neighborhoods.
Stability to the finite disturbance of the critical equilibrium for three struts
Authors: Jin M
Published: April 2023

In this paper, sufficient conditions of stability for the critical equilibrium of Euler struts with three typical rigid boundaries, that is, one end fixed and the other clamped in rotation, fixed-free, pinned-pinned, are studied. A construction of a double orthonormal Fourier series for angle is presented for the three struts, respectively. By the double orthonormal series, the second variation of potential energy can be expressed in a diagonal quadratic form. The second variation of potential energy is proved to be semi-positive-definite. Sum of higher order variations than the second-order variation of potential energy is identically positive. The critical equilibrium is stable to disturbance with finite value, which is called “stable in the large” in the sense of Lagrange-Dirichlet stability criterion. Stability to disturbance with finite value includes the stability to disturbance with infinitesimal value in Koiter’s theory. In addition, there is a constraint on the angle for the pinned-pinned strut, which is not included in Koiter’s theory.
Synoptic Reporting in Clinical Placental Pathology: A Preliminary Investigation Into Report Findings and Interobserver Agreement
Authors: Dancey Sonia R. , Benton Samantha J. , Lafreniere Anthea J. , Leckie Michal , McLeod Benjamin , Sim Jordan , El-Demellawy Dina , Grynspan David , Bainbridge Shannon A.
Published: April 2023

Introduction:

Placental pathology is key for investigating adverse pregnancy outcomes, however, lack of standardization in reporting has limited clinical utility. We evaluated a novel placental pathology synoptic report, comparing its robustness to narrative reports, and assessed interobserver agreement.

Methods:

100 singleton placentas were included. Histology slides were examined by 2 senior perinatal pathologists and 2 pathology residents using a synoptic report (32 lesions). Historical narrative reports were compared to synoptic reports. Kappa scores were calculated for interobserver agreement between senior, resident, and senior vs resident pathologists.

Results:

Synoptic reporting detected 169 (51.4%) lesion instances initially not included in historical reports. Amongst senior pathologists, 64% of all lesions examined demonstrated fair-to-excellent agreement (Kappa ≥0.41), with only 26% of Kappas ≥0.41 amongst those examined by resident pathologists. Well-characterized lesions (e.g., chorioamnionitis) demonstrated higher agreement, with lower agreement for uncommon lesions and those previously shown to have poor consensus.

Discussion:

Synoptic reporting is one proposed method to address issues in placenta pathology reporting. The synoptic report generally identifies more lesions compared to the narrative report, however clinical significance remains unclear. Interobserver agreement is likely related to differential in experience. Further efforts to improve overall standardization of placenta pathology reporting are needed.
Implementation of the Good Life with osteoArthritis in Denmark (GLA:D®) program via telehealth in Australia: A mixed-methods program evaluation
Authors: M Ezzat Allison , Kemp Joanne L , J Heerey Joshua , F Pazzinatto Marcella , De Oliveira Silva Danilo , Dundules Karen , Francis Matthew , J Barton Christian
Published: April 2023

Introduction

We aimed to evaluate the implementation of the Good Life with osteoArthritis in Denmark (GLA:D®) program via telehealth in Australia using Reach, Effectiveness, Adoption, Implementation, and Maintenance Qualitative Evaluation for Systematic Translation framework.

Methods

Using a convergent mixed-methods design, semi-structured one-on-one interviews with physiotherapist adopters and nonadopters of GLA:D® via telehealth were analyzed thematically alongside the examination of registry data (1 March 2020–10 February 2022) from patients with hip or knee osteoarthritis completing GLA:D® via telehealth (telehealth-only) or combined with in-person care (hybrid). Effectiveness was determined as changes from baseline to 3-month follow-up (mean differences, 95% confidence intervals, effect size) for Knee injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS-12)/Hip disability and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score-12 (HOOS-12), and chair stand test. Group- and individual-level changes were compared to published minimally clinically important change scores.

Results

Twenty-three interviews (12 adopters, 11 nonadopters) found key barriers/facilitators to reach and adoption, high perceived effectiveness, and strategies to support sustainability. Of 2612 registered patients, 85 (3%) and 115 (4%) completed GLA:D® via telehealth-only or hybrid model, respectively. Most effectiveness outcomes were associated with moderate-large improvements. Group-level changes exceeded minimally clinically important change values for KOOS/HOOS-quality of life and chair stand test. Nearly two out of three patients reached a minimally clinically important change for KOOS/HOOS-quality of life. With telehealth-only and hybrid delivery, 99% ( n = 82) and 85% ( n = 97) were satisfied/very satisfied. Physiotherapist adoption was limited ( n = 128, 6%).

Discussion

GLA:D® delivered via telehealth is effective, had high patient satisfaction, and was perceived positively by physiotherapist adopters. Addressing low reach and adoption requires further implementation strategies to facilitate greater telehealth opportunities for patients and physiotherapists.
Fred Harvey and the Santa Fe Railroad’s Brand extension strategy to develop Southwestern tourism in the USA in the early 1900s
Authors: Ford Robert , Kwun David J , Van Fleet David
Published: April 2023

This study employed an abductive inference approach to review and assess the critical influences in a brand extension strategy execution based on a historical example. It reveals the drivers of and impediments to success in executing a brand extension through an in-depth observation. The strategy was executed in a joined brand extension into tourism by USA’s Fred Harvey Company and the Santa Fe railroad (AT&SF) in the early 20th Century. The strategy was a success until an unforeseen economic crisis crippled the tourism market. Following the abductive approach, this historical example reveals the importance of extending current theoretical models to include the environmental context in the critical success factors for executing a brand extension strategy. This robust historical example adds new insights into the development and execution of a brand extension strategy over time-based on actual events. Equally important, this historical assessment reveals the previously under-discussed significance of innovation champions in forming and executing an extension strategy.
Potential Sources of Moral Injury for Healthcare Workers in Forensic and Psychiatric Settings: A Systematic Review and Meta-ethnography
Authors: Webb Elanor Lucy , Ireland Jane L. , Lewis Michael , Morris Deborah
Published: April 2023

The current research examines potentially morally injurious events (PMIEs) faced by healthcare professionals working in forensic and psychiatric environments. A systematic literature review was conducted to identify peer-reviewed articles reporting on sources of moral injury or similar concepts (e.g., moral distress) for healthcare workers in such settings. Thirty articles were included and analyzed using a meta-ethnographic approach. Synthesis yielded three third-order factors, each reflecting a moral dichotomy: (a) “between profession and system,” (b) “between relations with patients and relations with others,” and (c) “between principles and practices.” Findings illustrated the hierarchical relationships between dichotomies, with discordance between values of the healthcare profession and features of the healthcare system providing the conditions for PMIEs to occur. The review advances conceptual understandings of PMIEs in forensic and psychiatric settings, illustrating the multilayered dimensions within which morally injurious events are experienced. Theoretical and practical implications are offered that may support the early detection and prevention of moral injury in healthcare professionals.
Left Inferior Vena Cava With Infrahepatic Disruption, Azygos Continuation, and Retroaortic Left Renal Vein – A Complex, Symptomatic Caval Anomaly Managed With Endovascular Intervention
Authors: Samoyedny Andrew , Cobb Ryan
Published: April 2023

Background: Complex congenital anomalies of the inferior vena cava (IVC) are rare sequelae of inappropriate persistence or regression of embryological precursor veins. These anomalies are typically asymptomatic and generally do not warrant intervention. Case Presentation: Here we present a case of severely symptomatic left IVC with infrahepatic disruption, azygos continuation, and retroaortic left renal vein causing symptoms of severe pelvic congestion and recurrent miscarriages (8 total) in a 41 year old female. The patient was treated with stenting of the compressed retroaortic portion of the IVC/left renal vein. Four months post-procedure, the stent remained patent and the patient reported considerable improvement in their venous congestion symptoms. Most notably, as of the writing of this report, the patient is 38 weeks pregnant. Conclusions: The case is notable for its severe symptomatology of pelvic venous disease including recurrent miscarriage. More importantly, it represents the first documented case of successful retroaortic endovascular management of such a venous anomaly, in which the entirety of the typical IVC drainage occurred via a compressed left-to-right retroaortic crossover.
Managing Mental Health in Cultural Heritage Emergency Response: Occupational Safety and Operational Resilience
Authors: Kennedy Rebecca , Lockshin Nora
Published: April 2023

The period following an emergency that has negatively affected a cultural institution can cause adverse mental health consequences, ranging from shame to grief regarding the status of the collection or how the response was handled. A continuous high stress environment, anxiety from overwork in an uncertain situation, and inability to detach or rest can lead to behavioral health issues. Response to pressure can lead to taking shortcuts or non-compliance with personal safety and lead to further harm to collections. Any of these reactions can be overwhelming and can lead to further neglect of health, safety, and security on the work site, in a demotivating spiral that can affect recovery and successful outcomes for all concerned. This paper covers concepts such as the psychosocial Phases of Disaster, terms used to identify experiences, validate emotional responses, and for incorporating behavioral mental health into collections emergencies training and operations. Case studies and resources for managing mental health including skills and tools to recognize the early signs of stress, encourage communication, avoid or handle triggers, and defuse situations, to help mitigate these problems and lay a foundation for positive outcomes are provided.
Crisis leadership: Principals’ metaphors during COVID-19
Authors: Da’as Rima’a , Qadach Mowafaq , Schechter Chen
Published: April 2023

The roles of school principals changed during the Covid-19 pandemic, alongside all changes in the school system and society. Exploring the metaphors they used, the current qualitative research is an exploration of 42 Israeli Arab and Jewish middle-school principals’ interpretations of their leadership role in the time of crisis. Analysis of semistructured interviews yielded three themes: the organizational role, the professional role, and the emotional role. The metaphors expressed the principals’ perceptions of what was required from them during the pandemic. Metaphors can simplify complexities and break down that which is abstract and incomprehensible into understandable images, thus illuminating school principals’ reflection on their role during the pandemic crisis. This study expands the currently limited knowledge on how principals interpret their role during crisis times and provides implications and further research avenues.
An astro-green criminological examination of orbital space debris
Authors: Lampkin Jack A , Wyatt Tanya
Published: April 2023

The aims of this study were to (1) highlight the importance of orbital debris as an environmental and green criminological issue, (2) build on recent work in astro-green criminology and (3) analyse orbital debris from an astro-green perspective with a focus on social and ecological harms consistent with green-critical criminologies. Human-made active and defunct debris continues to accumulate in Earth orbit littering near-Earth orbital space. There are a small number of key drivers, including accidental collisions between objects, in-orbit explosions and anti-satellite missile testing. Such activities pollute Earth orbit causing problems for astronomy, space travel and human and non-human populations on Earth. This is a theoretical, literature-based analysis of orbital debris from an astro-green criminological perspective. Criminology has had little to say about space debris because its creation is not a criminal offence. This article makes a unique contribution to criminological literature by applying the emerging perspective of astro-green criminology to orbital debris.
War on frames: Text mining of conflict in Russian and Ukrainian news agency coverage on Telegram during the Russian invasion of Ukraine in 2022
Authors: Ptaszek Grzegorz , Yuskiv Bohdan , Khomych Sergii
Published: April 2023

This article discusses the results of verbal framing analysis of the conflict in news published on Telegram channels by the Russian news agency RIA Novosti (RIAN) and the Ukrainian news agency (UNIAN) during the Russian invasion of Ukraine in 2022. The analysis, using the text mining method, shows differences between how a more authoritarian and more competitive regime uses social media to construct strategic narratives. RIAN benefits from a technical frame that has not changed throughout the war although the reality on the ground has been evolving dramatically. It focuses on military issues and international rivalry (e.g. sanctions) because the Kremlin focuses on it. UNIAN, on the other hand, uses the moralizing frame of conflict which is more flexible and has been developed in response to changes on the ground – from discussions about the possibility of the invasion to humanitarian tragedy to war crimes, and to creating a more essentialized image of the enemy (‘rashists’).