bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Economía, ciencia, y “liberalismo”: Condicionamientos económicos de la institucionalidad científica liberal en Costa Rica. Una invitación al análisis. 1887- 1910
Authors: Goebel McDermott Anthony
Published: May 2018

El ensayo busca brindar elementos de análisis sobre la dinámica socioeconómica que subyace en la institucionalización del quehacer científico, así como el significado atribuido a la ciencia en el marco de las “reformas liberales” en las postrimerías del siglo XIX e inicios del XX. La principal hipótesis de trabajo tiene como premisa, la consideración de que las primeras instituciones científicas estatales fueron creadas en torno a dos intereses fundamentales, cuyo significado cambiante marcaría el desarrollo programático y organizativo de dichas instituciones.El primero se refiere al significado de la ciencia como componente básico en la conformación de la identidad nacional, y un medio de difusión y legitimación de la ideología liberal del “progreso”, y, al interior de esta visión, como un elemento vital en toda sociedad que se presume “civilizada”. La ciencia estaba dotada, en sí de un valor intrínseco, e inherente a su dimensión especulativa.El segundo, definitivamente dotado de una elevada dosis de pragmatismo, se basa en la “utilización práctica” de las instituciones científicas por parte del Estado como instrumentos concretos de desarrollo económico, mediante la investigación agrícola, la sistematización de la meteorología, y la búsqueda de mejoras infraestructurales que fomentaran, por un lado, la apertura de nuevas zonas de colonización así como la integración del mercado interno, y por el otro, el incremento de la producción de la agricultura comercial y los primeros intentos de diversificación de la misma, ante las primeras “desilusiones” del “espejismo cafetalero”.De esta manera, el presente ensayo busca dimensionar cómo en los primeros años de creación de las instituciones científicas, —analizando de manera específica al Museo Nacional (1887) y principalmente al Instituto Físico – Geográfico (1889)— se presentó una aparente coexistencia entre ambos intereses, seguido de un proceso de polarización del primero hacia el segundo. Este análisis institucional busca, así, aproximarse a establecer, al menos de manera provisional, en qué medida los períodos de auge y crisis de las principales actividades económicas, condicionaron la orientación programática y el contenido presupuestario destinado a las nacientes instituciones científicas estatales de finales del siglo XIX y principios del XX.
Nuevas tendencias en los estudios centroamericanos de la Revista Iberoamericana
Authors: Mackenbach Werner
Published: May 2018

Este dossier, hasta cierto punto, es una paradoja. Reúne trabajos de un campo de estudio que hasta ahora no ha existido como tal. De hecho, los estudios centroamericanos han sido tradicionalmente una parte integral y muchas veces no explícitamente distinguida de los estudios latinoamericanos. Sin embargo, en las dos décadas recién pasadas, desde algunos centros académicos en la región misma y en Norteamérica así como en Europa, se han fomentado y desarrollado estudios y proyectos de investigación sobre las realidades históricas, sociales, económicas, políticas y culturales del istmo, que se han destacado por sus enfoques regionales y comparados.
Sexual Dimorphism among the Kathmandu University Students Assessed by Anthropometric Studies
Authors: R Shakya , SC Bhattacharya , R Shrestha
Published: May 2018

Objectives: To observe the sexual dimorphism among the young adult age group ranging from 18-21 years, of Kathmandu University students by measuring craniofacial circumference and canthal distances.

Rationale of the study: These data could be useful for establishing the craniofacial standards and adds an implementation on plastic surgery, crime detection as well as in the industrial field.

Method: 300 clinically normal students of Kathmandu University aged between 18-21 years were examined for the study. Fronto-occipital circumference, outer and inner canthal distances were measured. All the parameters were compared between males and females.

Result: The cranial circumference as well as the inner and outer canthal distance in males was found to be significantly higher as compared to the females.

Conclusion: The results concluded that sexual dimorphism remarkably exists in young adults of Kathmandu University students.
The Development of Interactive Learning CD Based on Discovery Learning Science Subject on Animal and Plant Growth Materials Grade IV
Authors: Novia Devi , Astra I Made , . Nurjannah
Published: May 2018

This research aims at producing interactive learning CD which is used in Science subject on animal and plant growth material grade IV. The method of this research uses Research and Development. The research and development process is adapted from research and development model by the version of Borg & Gall. This interactive learning CD is tested to students of elementary school grade IV. The test has three steps; they are initial field test with 10 students as subject, primary field test with 10 students, and field implementation test with 50 students. The data are obtained through observation and direct surveillance at school. The data analysis uses descriptive quantitative analysis technique. The development result is in the form of the interactive CD which can be used as a media in Science learning grade IV of Elementary School. The result of the research shows that this learning CD after the materials expert testing, media expert testing, and design expert testing, the learning media produced in the final materials testing stage is categorized as decent, with the assessment average of  93,3. In the stage of final media expert and learning design expert, the learning CD is categorized as felicitous, with the assessment average of 92,6. Then the final result of field implementation is categorized as felicitous with the score of 90. Moreover, in the effectivity test also emerged that the use of learning CD impacts on student’s learning result.

It can be concluded that the interactive learning CD on animal and plant growth materials for Science subject grade IV of Elementary School is declared as feasible and can be used as one of the learning sources.
Compulsive sexual behavior: A twelve-step therapeutic approach
Authors: Efrati Yaniv , Gola Mateusz
Published: May 2018

Background and aims

Sexuality is natural to human life and inseparable from it, yet some individuals develop compulsive sexual behavior (CSB). Many individuals with CSB seek treatment in free self-support groups based on the twelve-step program. This program was extensively studied in substance abuse disorders (e.g., Alcoholics Anonymous), but little is known about its efficiency in CSB.

Methods

We “assesed” questionnaire data on sociodemographical-, psychological-, and recovery-related factors from 97 male participants of Sexaholics Anonymous (SA) programs in Israel.

Results

Our results indicated that advancement in the SA program, measured as a current step of the program, is significantly related to lower levels of sexual-related overall sense of helplessness, avoidant help-seeking, self-control, overall CSB, and sexual suppression. It is also related to the higher well-being.

Discussion

This is the first study to examine psychological factors of CSB recovery process in twelve-step groups, and future research is needed to replicate our results within a longitudinal study.
Psoriasisban szenvedő betegek életminőségének vizsgálata Magyarországon
Authors: Poór Adrienn Katalin , Sárdy Miklós , Cserni Tamás , Brodszky Valentin , Holló Péter , Gulácsi László , Remenyik Éva , Szegedi Andrea , Rencz Fanni , Péntek Márta
Published: May 2018

Abstract:

Introduction: The health status and health-related quality of life (HRQoL) of patients with psoriasis in Hungary are understudied. Aim: To assess HRQoL in psoriasis patients, to compare HRQoL of psoriasis patients to that of the general public in Hungary and to identify predictors of HRQoL. Method: Between 2012 and 2016, two cross-sectional surveys were carried out among psoriasis patients at two academic dermatology departments. HRQoL was assessed by EQ-5D-3L, EQ Visual Analogue Scale (EQ VAS) and Dermatology Life Quality Index (DLQI). Predictors of HRQoL were analysed by multivariate linear regression. Results: 434 patients were enrolled (mean age 49 years, 65% male, 81% moderate-to-severe psoriasis, 43% treated with biologics). Mean EQ-5D-3L, EQ VAS and DLQI scores were 0.74 ± 0.28, 69.06 ± 20.98 and 6.78 ± 7.38, respectively. Overall, 54%, 43%, 40%, 32% and 15% of patients indicated at least some problems in pain/discomfort, anxiety/depression, mobility, usual activities and self-care. EQ-5D-3L index scores in patients were lower compared to the age- and gender-matched general population in Hungary. The difference was statistically significant for the age groups 25–34 and 45–64 in males, and 18–64 in females (p<0.05). Female gender (p = 0.042), psoriatic arthritis (p<0.001) and palmoplantar psoriasis (p = 0.031) were associated with lower EQ-5D-3L index scores. On the contrary, employed and highly educated patients reported higher EQ-5D-3L index scores (p<0.001). Conclusions: We were the first to assess HRQoL in psoriasis patients by using EQ-5D questionnaire in Hungary, and more broadly in Central and Eastern Europe. Our findings are useful for cost-effectiveness modelling of psoriasis treatments and decision-making in healthcare. Orv Hetil. 2018; 159(21): 837–846.
OPTIMIZATION OF THE METHOD OF OBTAINING PESTINE PP AND STUDYING ITS SPECIFIC ACTIVITY IN VITRO
Authors: Gostischeva S. E. , Abzaeva N. V. , Kovalev D. A. , Ponomarenko D. G. , Siritsa Yu. V. , Rakitina E. L. , Afanasyev E. N. , Kostuchenko M. V.
Published: May 2018

The formation of immunity against infectious diseases is accompanied by an immunoallergic alteration of the organism, while the intensity of the allergic reaction is associated with the presence of specific immunity. Skin allergotesting is often used to determine the intensity of sensitization of the body. When determining the immunity of vaccines against the plague, previously an allergen was suggested as a pestin PP — a polypeptide polysaccharide complex of a plague microbe. The authors optimized the technique for obtaining the preparation of pestin with preservation of its chemical composition, high specificity and allergenic activity. It is known that a lack of allergic test in vivo is a high risk of formation of adverse reactions. A method for estimating adaptive antiplague immunity with the allergen pestin in antigen-specific cellular tests in vitro is proposed. The preparation of the allergen by a modified procedure was carried out by hydrolysis of the biomass of the vaccine strain of the plague microbe Yersinia pestis EV of the NIIEG line, followed by filtration and lyophilization of the precipitate. In the preparation obtained, the pH and the protein concentration were determined. To check the specificity, the samples were subjected to spectrophotometric and chromatographic analysis. To assess specific activity, blood samples of 17 people immunized with the plague live vaccine from the Yersinia pestis EV strain of the NIIEG line were used for epidemic indications. As a comparative control, a sterile isotonic sodium chloride solution was used. The contingent was examined before vaccination on days 7, 21 and 3 months after immunization by evaluating the expression intensity of basophils CD63. Biochemical analysis of the obtained by the modified procedure of the pestin and derivatives allowed to judge the qualitative composition, to show the absence of impurities of the protein nature, as well as to determine the carbohydrate profile. The use of the drug as an allergen to assess the formation of antiplague immunity in the vaccinated contingent confirmed its specificity. The obtained data showed the possibility and prospect of using the Pestin PP as a test allergen for the establishment of the reaction of activation of basophils in vitro.
Seed Characteristics Diversity in Sponge Gourd (Luffa aegyptiaca Mill.) Germplasms from Hatay Region in Turkey
Authors: MAVİ Kazım , GÜNDÜZ Kazim , YILDIRIM Dilek , UZUNOĞLU Fulya
Published: May 2018

The objective of this study was to evaluate seed characteristics of sponge gourd, to establish a core collection of sponge gourd with the germplasm collected throughout the Hatay region. A mini-core collection was assessed for morphological performance and some seed traits. Substantial variations of seed characteristics: seed length, seed width, seed thickness (mm), seed index (length/width), seed size (length × width, mm2), seed colour, seed-coat surface, seed shape, seed wing, and 100-seed weight were investigated. Seed length, width and thickness were varied as 15.12-8.97 mm, 9.71-6.25 mm and 2.86-2.16 mm respectively. The seed sizes were determined from small (31 DÖ 06) to big (31 DE 04). Seed colours were ranged from black to white, even a brown colour like 07 MA 01. A hundred seed weights were observed as 16.43 g (31 AL 02) and 7.41 (31 DÖ 06). The results of dendrogram indicated that seed traits of the sponge gourd genotypes were separating in five groups. This collection of sponge gourds will be useful for the gene pools and a wide range of phenotypic variations to provide a good source of diversity for developing of sponge gourd cultivars in breeding programs.
Different Root Morphological Responses to Phosphorus Supplies in Grafted Pepper
Authors: PEREIRA-DIAS Leandro , LOPEZ-SERRANO Lidia , CASTELL-ZEISING Vicente , LOPEZ-GALARZA Salvador , SAN BAUTISTA Alberto , CALATAYUD Ángeles , FITA Ana
Published: May 2018

Grafting technique is increasing thanks to its potential to produce plants more efficient and tolerant to biotic and abiotic stresses. Likewise, there is a growing interest in reducing inputs of fertilizers. The development of rootstocks suitable for low input agriculture is conditioned to the understanding of the changes on the root when facing such stresses. Our aim was to evaluate the morphological root response to Phosphorus (P) starvation of a rootstock selected for its good performance under low P conditions. Adige was grafted onto the selected rootstock and grown hydroponically in two different P concentrations, the selft-graft was done as control. Plants were then collected and analysed. Results showed that despite the differences in terms of P concentration among treatment the stress was not enough to cause a great biomass loss. However, there is evidence that individuals showed different root adaptations, modifiying root length, mass and volume, etc, under stress conditions, having the selected rootstock higher root length and volume under low P nutrient solution
After-Ripening Increased Seed Germination in Commercial Aubergine Seed Lots
Authors: OZDEN Eren , DEMIR Ibrahim
Published: May 2018

This work tested the effect of after-ripening on seed germination of thirteen commercial seed lots from four open pollinated cultivars (Aydın Siyahı, Kemer, Pala and Topan) of aubergine (Solanum melongena L.). Seeds were stored (after-ripened) at 5 °C with at 9% seed moisture content over 14 days in the dark in hermetic conditions. After-ripened seeds were tested at 25 °C and 20/30 °C (16/8 h) together with a control at 20/30 °C for 14 days in petri dishes. Results indicated that after-ripening significantly (p < 0.05) increased total germination in six lots and normal germination in eight lots out of thirteen when germination was tested at 25 °C. Increases were also observed eleven lots in total and thirteen in normal germination percentages out of thirteen when seeds were tested at 20/30 °C. Cumulative germination showed that after-ripened seeds germinated faster than control either germinated at 25 or 20/30 °C. Results indicated that aubergine seed germination can be increased through after-ripening treatment which shows the presence of seed dormancy in this species.
Seed Germination and Physiological Response of Sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) Cultivars under Saline Conditions
Authors: BEINSAN Carmen , SUMALAN Renata , VELICEVICI Giancarla , CIULCA Adriana , SUMALAN Radu
Published: May 2018

The purpose of the experiment was to highlight the germination of sunflower seeds affected by the presence of saline stress and the identification of tolerant genotypes. The biological material was represented by sunflower cvs. (Helianthus annuus L.): Coril, Select, Santiago and Fundulea-206. To simulate the saline conditions, germination solutions of sodium chloride (NaCl) were used with concentrations corresponding to the osmotic pressures -6 and -10 atm and the control seed hydration was performed with distilled water. Determination of seed germination, growth of seedling, percentage of plumules dry matter, chlorophyll content and free proline were performed. The experimental data obtained suppose the existence in the assimilation apparatus of sunflowers seedling subjected to stress a competitive chlorophyll/free proline biosynthesis processes. The experimental results regarding the effect of salinity on seed germination and seedling growth revealed important differences between genotypes. The radicle growth in the germination process were strongly affected by saline excess, with significant differences between cultivars. Saline stress results in significant reductions in the amount of chlorophyll, and high levels of free proline. It can be observed that with the increase of the stress level the percentage of the dry matter increases, indicating an accentuated water deficit.
Yield Response and Competition Ability of Italian Ryegrass, Red Clover and Their Mixture to Different Technological Conditions�
Authors: IUGA Vasile , ROTAR Ioan , MĂLINAŞ Anamaria , TOTH Gheorghe
Published: May 2018

The effect of different technological conditions on forage yield, growth behavior and competition ability of ryegrass, red clover and their mixture was analyzed. The results showed that red clover makes better use of the nutrition space in the case of variants sown in mixture with Italian ryegrass than in the monoculture, independent of the density of the plants or fertilization regime. The highest DM production was obtained at the mixture formed by red clover and Italian ryegrass on the variants sown on 12.5 cm distance between rows, the increase of the nutrition space being directly proportional to the decrease of the DM production in the case of this forage mixture.
The Effect of Salicylic Acid and Polyetylene Glycol on Wheat Germination
Authors: SOARE Marin , IANCU Paula , BONCIU Elena , PĂNIȚĂ Ovidiu
Published: May 2018

The present paper analyses the effect of pre-treatment with salicylic acid (SA) on germination and the growth of winter wheat seedlings in water stress conditions induced by polyetylene glycol (PEG). A two-factor experiment was conducted in a completely randomized projection. The first factor (A) included three levels: a1- distilled water - control; a2 - 0.25 mM SA; a3 - 0.75 mM SA and the second factor (B) included three levels: b1- distilled water; b2 - 15% PEG and b3 - 25% PEG. Biological material was represented by a DH winter wheat line. It were made observations on germination percentage (GP), root length (RL), cotyledons length (CL), seedling fresh weight (SFW) and vigor index (VI). After the analysis of the obtained results it can appreciate that the 25% PEG concentration played the main role for the significant decrease of the germination percentage (GP) and vigor index (VI). Also, seeds pre-treatment with 0.75 mM SA could be a way to improve germination characteristics in drought conditions.
Evaluation of the Behavior of Some Genotypes of Salix sp. in the Conditions of Sandy Soils
Authors: SOARE Marin , IANCU Paula , BONCIU Elena , NICOLAE Ion , BUSE DRAGOMIR Luminita , PANITA Ovidiu Florin
Published: May 2018

The aim of this study was to make a comparative analyse of nine willow genotypes (seven Romanian and two Swedish clones) in order to test them for short rotation coppice. Researches have been carried out in the sandy soils from Southern Romania, over a period of two years of vegetation. There were made determinations as concern plants growth and development and were referring to survival rate, stem height, number of shoots/plant and stem diameter at the base. Hydric stress is one of the main factors of limiting plant growth on this type of soil and the experimented willow genotypes have reacted differently. The obtained results have shown the fact that the largest vegetative growth was recorded in Pesred and Inger genotypes. It also emphasizes with good results in terms of the quantity of biomass RO 1077, Fragisal and Robisal genotypes. Based on the obtained results it can appreciate that Salix sp. represents a solution of utilize the sandy soils which have low fertile and obtaining considerable amounts of biomass, in the conditions of ensuring of water and nutritive resources.
Aspects of Chemical Composition and Somatic Cell count of Cow Milk Marketed at Dispensers
Authors: MUNTEAN Mircea Valentin , MARIAN Ovidiu Marius , COROIAN Aurelia , MARCHIS Zamfir Ioan , COROIAN Cristian Ovidiu , ONICA Bogdan , TERHES Sorin
Published: May 2018

Milk quality is influenced by many factors: lactation, fat, protein, lactose, number of somatic cells. In order to process raw milk and compare with criteria of quality and food safety the Regulation of European Parliament and the council no. 853/2004. Analysing the total number of somatic cells (SCC) in the period July-August 2017 it is noted that in case of samples collected from first automatic milk dispenser exceed 2 times the maximum admissible values and the samples collected from second automatic milk dispenser are up to the maximum allowable values which show that milking hygiene and animal health are at the European standards required. Analysis of fat content for both cases indicates that it is within the standard values for cow's milk and fat variations for DM1 samples are very low at temperatures above 30 degrees Celsius which shows that high temperatures do not influence these parameters. The biological material study was represented analysed by 30 samples of milk from only two cow milk dispensers functional located in this period in Cluj-Napoca city. These samples were collected at the same time period during July-August months. The aim of present study is to determine whether milk marketed through dispensers under the high temperature conditions specific to this period is affected in terms of qualitative parameter analysis.
Quality of Meat and Some Meat Products Manufactured at SC Ferma Zootehnica SRL Baia Mare
Authors: RĂDUCU Camelia , MIREŞAN Vioara , COROIAN Aurelia , PUSTA Dana , PAŞCALĂU Simona , COROIAN Cristian , MARCHIȘ Zamfir , ANDRONIE Luisa , COCAN Daniel
Published: May 2018

During a period of 6 months beginnings with October 2016 until March 2017, were analysed meat products such as: Haiducesc smoked chest, Premium jambon, as well as semi-smoked assortments: Pork salami, Pintea salami and Pancetta salami obtained at SC. “Ferma Zootehnică” SRL Baia Mare. The results are reported at 100 g of product and were as follow: Haiducesc smoked chest: 31.87% water, 3.2 g salt, 2.51 mg nitrites; Premium jambon: 32.16% water, 3.38 g salt, 2.78 mg nitrites; Pork salami: 53.2% water, 2.13 g salt, 2.32 mg nitrites; Pintea salami: 51.8% water, 2.21 g salt, 2.95 mg nitrites; Pancetta salami: 46.08% water, 2.21 g salt, 2.04 mg nitrites. The obtained values fit in the allowed limits of the European norms STAS 6352/1-88 and 6353-85, therefore the products obtained are very good quality.
Meat Quality of Rainbow Trout (Oncorhynchus Mykiss) from the Bistrișorii Valley Trout Farm, Alba County
Authors: IHUŢ Andrada , RĂDUCU Camelia , COCAN Daniel , LAȚIU Călin , UIUIU Paul , MIREŞAN Vioara
Published: May 2018

Fish meat represents a great energy source in human nutrition, due to its content in high biological value protein, lipids which contain omega acids and minerals. The chemical composition of fish meat can be influenced by several factors such as: species, administered feed, environment, age and spawning period. The aim of this research was to analyse the chemical composition of the rainbow trout meat reared in the fishery Valea Bistrişorii, in a classical system. The determination of water (W %), minerals (M %) and dry matter (DM %) content was performed by calcination. The crude fat (CF %) was determined by Soxhlet method and crude protein (CP %) by the Kjeldahl method. Analysing the chemical composition of the rainbow trout meat, the following values were obtained: W = 73.60 ± 0.23%; DM = 26.40 ± 0.14%; CP = 18.21 ± 0.14%; CF = 6.87%; M = 1.32%.The obtained data offers useful information of meat chemical composition for selection of future breeders and improving the rainbow troutraised in the Bistrişorii Valley.
Long Distance Migration of Beluga (Huso huso) and Stellate Sturgeon (Acipenser stellatus) in Lower Danube River in Relation with Iron Gate II Dam
Authors: HONŢ Ștefan , PARASCHIV Marian , IANI Marian Ion , STEFANOV Tihomir , LENHARDT Mirjana , OPREA Lucian
Published: May 2018

Construction of the dams in Lower Danube River (LDR- rkm 0 Sulina – rkm 1075 Baziasi) without fish passages, as well as illegal fishery and river bottom modification due to navigation had negative impact on sturgeon’s populations. Beluga Sturgeon, Stellate Sturgeon and Russian Sturgeon still migrate to spawn in LDR but there is lack of information relating to sturgeons long distance migration in this area. Tagging with Vemco V16 TP acoustic tags, equipped with temperature and depth sensors involved 36 adult Beluga and 44 Stellate Sturgeons provide new data about sturgeon migration. Their migrations are monitored by VR2W receivers, deployed on between rkm 71 and rkm 864. Analysis of data showed that 17% of Beluga and 30% of Stellate Sturgeon never recorded and 30% and 11% of Beluga and Stellate Sturgeon recorded in period more than 30 days after tagging. Only 5% of Beluga and 7% of Stellate Sturgeon have been recorded after a period of more than 1 year. During 2013-2016 4 adult Beluga and 1 adult Stellate Sturgeon were recorded in the IGII Dam area. Results of this investigation showed that sturgeons still approached the IG2 dam and construction of fish passage on this dam is needed.
The Public Household Waste Bins – Potential Source of Contamination
Authors: GAŞPAR Cristina , ŢIBRU Ioan
Published: May 2018

The aim of our study was to investigate for the presence of total and fecal coliforms on the hand contact surface of the public household waste bins placed near the blocks of flats. The samples were taken from five different areas of the city of Timişoara. According to the Order no. 119/2014, for the aproval of Hygiene and public health standards regarding the population’s living environment, this waste bins should be maintained clean by periodically washing and, concidering that they serve for the temporary storage of household and food wastes, fecal coliforms are supposed to be absent from these surfaces.From a total of 100 analyzed samples, 27% were positive for total coliforms and 6% for fecal coliforms. Only the samples taken from a single area were all negative for fecal coliforms. In the other three areas, we found 16% and twice 4% positive samples.Analyzing the results, it can be assumed that the contact surface of these household waste bins might be a possible source of contamination with intestinal pathogens, for the people handling them.
Intraspecific Differences Regarding Granular Polymorphism in Granular Ducts’ Cells in Rats’ Mandibular Gland
Authors: MATOSZ Bianca , RUXANDA Flavia , GAL Adrian Florin , LUCA Vlad Emil , MICLĂUȘ Viorel
Published: May 2018

Mandibular gland ducts’ system in rodents consist of intralobular ducts (intercalated, granular, striated) and interlobular one (main excretory duct). Granular ducts are located between intercalated and striated ducts, being present only in mandibular gland of the mouse, rat, hamster and gerbil. The biological material used for this study was represented by two strains from the same species, three Wistar rats and three Brown Norway rats. After the animals were euthanized, the mandibular glands were harvested and then processed for histological investigations. The tissue fragments were sectioned at 5μm thickness and then stained the sections using Tricrom-Goldners method. Our results emphasize that the granular ducts are well developed; regarding the shape, they are convoluted in both Wistar and Brown Norway rats, without any significant differences between the two strains. In Wistar rat, the granules in granular ducts cells are small to medium in size, with discrete polymorphism. In Brown Norway rat, the cytoplasm is loaded with granules as in Wistar rat, but these are several times larger and more polymorphic.
Microscopic Structure of the Epithelium Lining the Epiglottis in Wistar Rats
Authors: RUS Vasile , PARDI Aura Ștefania , MATOSZ Bianca , RUXANDA Flavia
Published: May 2018

The aim of this study was to investigate the type of the epithelium present on the epiglottis surface, through histological examination. The epithelium lining the pharyngeal side of epiglottis is keratinized stratified squamous. The thickness of the keratin layer is different from one subject to another. Usually the keratin layer extends to the apex of the epiglottis, but in some of the animals taken into study, the keratin layer extends to the apical third of the laryngeal side of epiglottis. The epithelium lining the laryngeal side is different. In most of the epiglottises examined, the surface is lined by non-keratinized stratified squamous epithelium in the apical third. The rest of the laryngeal side of the epiglottis is lined by respiratory epithelium type. In one subject, the entire laryngeal surface is lined by a non-keratinized stratified squamous epithelium. Our study highlights that the pharyngeal side of epiglottis is lined by a keratinized stratified squamous epithelium, whereas on the laryngeal side, the epithelium in the apical third is non-keratinized stratified squamous and at the rest of the surface the epithelium is pseudostratified.
Radiological Aspects of BRONJ after Dental Extractions in Ovariectomized Female Wistar Rats
Authors: LAZĂR Adela Cristina , LĂCĂTUȘ Radu , PURDOIU Robert , BEL Lucia , SARPATAKI Orsolya , PĂCURAR Mariana , CÂMPIAN Radu Septimiu
Published: May 2018

Experimental study in animal model - female Wistar rats – using two types of bisphosphonates (ibandronic acid and denosumab) for treating osteoporosis induced by ovariectomy, performing extractions in the maxillary central incisors and occurance of bisphosphonates related osteonecrosis of the jaw (BRONJ) after the dental extractions. The appearance of BRONJ in female Wistar rats which had undergone ovariectomy in advance and received two types of bisphosphonates and a comparison between 3 groups show that BRONJ it is first diagnosticated radiological, before it is first signs in oral cavity. Therefore, careful monitoring of patients undergoing bisphosphonate therapy is essential in the clear and accurate diagnosis of BRONJ. According to the experiment conducted by us, the administration of this class of bisphosphonates has antibacterial effects, decrease osteoclasts activity and thus decrease the bone resorption, but as a secondary main effect it induces BRONJ after performing routine dental surgeries.
Imported Canine leishmaniasis in Romania: a Case Report
Authors: TOMA Gina Corina , TAULESCU Marian , MIRCEAN Viorica , IONICĂ Angela Monica , CORA Roxana , CĂTOI Cornel , DUMITRACHE Mirabela Oana
Published: May 2018

Canine leishmaniasis (CanL) is a zoonotic disease considered endemic in the Mediterranean region. Romania is traditionally regarded as a non-endemic country.Considering the zoonotic character of the disease, this study aims to increase the knowledge on diagnostic aspects of CanL.A 2-year-old, mix breed male dog, recently returned from Italy had a history of progressive weight loss and skin lesions. The clinical examination was followed by hematology and serum biochemistry, fine-needle aspiration of lymph nodes, impression smears, VetExpert® rapid test Leishmania Ab, and PCR. The clinical examination revealed muscle atrophy, non-pruritic crusting dermatitis, ulcers, and lymphadenopathy. Hematology showed severe anemia. The serum biochemistry revealed hyperproteinaemia, hypoalbuminemia, hyperglobulinemia. Cytological exams evidenced the intracellular amastigotes in macrophages, confirmed by rapid test and PCR.In Romania, under the light of the new case reports, leishmaniasis should be reconsidered from both veterinary and public health perspective.
Origin, Traject and Distribution of Renal Arteries (Arteriae renalis) in Chinchilla lanigera
Authors: MARTONOS Cristian , DEZDROBITU Cristian , STAN Florin , DAMIAN Aurel , GUDEA Alexandru
Published: May 2018

For the present study a number of 5 female chinchilla carcasses were used. The animals were slaughtered for commercial purpuses (fur). The anatomical dissection started with the identification of the aorta (Aorta abdominalis). The next step was the intra-arterial injection of a colouring substance. The carcasses was fixed in the formaldehyde solution and subsequently the renal arteries were dissected. The first renal artery was the right renal artery (Arteria renalis dextra) and, at 0,5 cm caudally, the left renal artery (Arteria renalis sinister) arose . The origin of those arteries were disposed on the lateral part of the abdominal aorta.The origin, traject and distribution of renal arteries on the studied species have a high degree of similarity with the literature dates described for leporids.
Comparative Study of the Liver Anatomy in the Rat, Rabbit, Guinea Pig and Chinchilla
Authors: STAN Florin Gheorghe
Published: May 2018

In liver surgical and histological research, small rodents are the most used experimental models. Although the small animals liver is typically lobulated and its macroscopic appearance do not resemble that of the compact human liver, a high degree of lobulation equivalence, allow the use of small rodents in biomedical research. The macroscopic anatomy of the liver of the rat, rabbit, guinea pig and chinchilla was studied from a comparative standpoint. The topography, lobulation and the connection elements of the liver were examined by detailed in situ observation and explanted liver of forty specimens.The rat liver (Hepar) consists of four distinct lobes of different size: the left lateral lobe - LLL (Lobus hepatis sinister lateralis), the median lobe - ML, the right lobe – RL (Lobus hepatis dexter) and the caudate lobe CL (Lobus caudatus). The largest lobe was the median lobe. The rabbit liver consists of five lobes: left lateral lobe - LLL, left medial lobe - LML (Lobus hepatis sinister medialis), right lobe - RL, quadrate lobe – QL (Lobus quadratus) and caudate lobe - CL. The most developed lobe was the left lateral lobe. The caudate lobe had a very narrow attachment on the hilar region. The guinea pig liver show six lobes: left lateral lobe - LLL, left medial lobe - LML, right lateral lobe – RLL (Lobus hepatis dexter lateralis), right medial lobe – RML (Lobus hepatis dexter medialis), quadrate lobe - QL and caudate lobe - CL. The largest lobe of this specie was the left lateral lobe. In chinchilla liver showed four lobes like in the rat. In the rats the most developed hepatic ligament was the falciform ligament (Lig. Falciforme hepatis) which spans from xyphoid process of the sternum and diaphragm to the liver, beginning at the interlobular fissure. The coronary ligament (Lig. Coronarium hepatis) was well developed in all rats. Interlobular ligaments connect the left lateral lobe with the upper caudate lobe. In rabbits, guinea pigs and chinchillas the connection elements were represented by the falciform ligament, coronary ligament, right (Lig.triangulare dextrum) and left triangular ligaments (Lig. Triangulare sinistrum), hepatorenal ligament (Lig.hepatorenale) and hepatoduodenal ligament (Lig. hepatoduodenale) with varying degrees of development.Based on detailed study of the macroscopic anatomy of rat, rabbit, guinea pig and chinchilla a proper experimental model in liver research, could be assessed. In this regard, the vascular anatomy of the liver in the mentioned species is of a great importance and it is subject of another report.
A Comparison Between the Macroscopic Anatomy of the Cecum in Laboratory Rat and Guinea Pig
Authors: STAN Florin Gheorghe
Published: May 2018

Controlled food and maintenance conditions cause both functional and anatomical adaptations of digestive system. The rat and guinea pig, used both as experimental models and as pets, shared common controlled environmental conditions. The two species were exposed during the generation to artificial conditions rather that natural ones. The effects of these conditions on the macroscopic anatomy of the cecum have been documented.
First Description of Tricuspid Valve Dysplasia in a Basset Hound
Authors: SCURTU Iuliu
Published: May 2018

This report represents the first description of tricuspid valve dysplasia in a Basset hound. We evaluated clinical signs, ECG abnormalities and echocardiographic findings related to tricuspid valve dysplasia in a 6 month Basset Hound. A specific protocol of cardiologic examination was performed every time the patient was evaluated. This protocol included: clinical exam, ECG and echocardiographic investigation. The clinical examination identified over the entire period of surveillance a dog with good body condition score (2.5-3/5), alert, bright, being able to take moderate exercise. A 4/6 left heart base systolic murmur was identified at every examination. ECG revealed a sinus rhythm. Echocardiography identified right heart abnormality, with malposition of tricuspid annulus, one leaflet being short and thick and other extremely long with abnormal motion. Due to abnormal morphology of tricuspid valve apparatus a tricuspid regurgitant jet was noted with Color Doppler. The left heart seemed to have normal morphology. An atrial septal defect was also noticed. Further studies need be performed in order to establish if tricuspid valve dysplasia in Basset hound is a congenital or genetic defect.
Advanced Techniques of Bovine Semen Analysis
Authors: CENARIU Mihai , PALL Emoke , BORZAN Mihai , BOGDAN Liviu , GROZA Ioan
Published: May 2018

The aim of the study was to assess bull semen fertility parameters using the classical techniques of sperm quality evaluation (density, motility, viability, and morphology, evaluated by light microscopy, in addition to concentration, evaluated via the hemocytometer and microspermatocrit), as well as advanced techniques, like computer assisted sperm analysis (CASA) and flow cytometry. Results obtained for classical techniques were comparable to those obtained by automated methods, without significant differences between parameters. The classical methods were inexpensive but required more time and attention, while the operator’s experience was a key element for accurate assessment of sperm parameters. The advanced techniques were fast and objective, but required expensive equipment and dedicated personnel, with proper training in the field. Therefore, classical techniques are suitable for clinics where occasional evaluation of bulls’ fertility parameters is performed, while the advanced methods should be implemented in semen companies, as well as in fertility clinics and research laboratories.
The Efficiency of Rectal Fluid Therapy in Moderately Dehydrated Horses
Authors: AȘTELEAN Patricia , DIUGAN Eva , MOLNAR Cristian , SÁRPATAKI Orsolya , CODEA Răzvan , BLIDARU Alexandra I. , POTARNICHE Adrian , MARCUS Ioan , SEVASTRE Bogdan
Published: May 2018

Dehydration and hydro-electrolytic imbalances are relatively common and life threatening conditions in many animal species including horses. In the present study, we highlighted the efficacy of rectal rehydration in horses, nowadays less commonly used. The study was performed on eight non-pregnant mares (Romanian semigreus and Lipiţan breeds), from Beclean horse stud farm, affected by mild dehydration. The method consists in rectal administration in the form of a high enema of a balanced polyionic solution by using an esophageal tube; the solution contains water, sodium chloride and potassium chloride. Blood samples were collected on EDTA and procoagulant vacutainers, before and after fluid therapy. Laboratory investigations include complete blood count and electrolytes measurement, total protein, albumin, and creatinine. Expectedly, dehydrated animals shown borderline elevated hematocrit associated with mild relative hyperproteinemia and hypernatremia, and elevated uremia levels. In all cases, the parameters were restored in response to therapy, and no side effects were recorded.
Microbiological Assessment of Raw Meat Used in Fast-Food Products Sold for Public Consumption
Authors: ILE Gheorghe , TABARAN Alexandra , DAN Sorin Daniel , MIHAIU Romolica , REGET Oana , MIHAIU Marian
Published: May 2018

Raw meat contains sufficient nutrients to support microbial growth and because of that the proper surveillance of the meat products destined for public consumption is mandatory. The purpose of this study was to conduct a microbiological risk assessment regarding the safety of pork, chicken and beef meat products found in fast –food units from Transylvania area. One hundred and seventy samples of raw meat(n=35) and fried foods made of pork(n=39), chicken(n=45)and beef products(n=51) were purchased randomly from 5 different fast-food units located in the study area.The determination performed in order to assess the safety was the total number of Enterobacteriaceae, evaluation of toxigenic E. coli and Salmonella spp. presence, which is also the parameter requested by the current regulation. The levels of contamination with Enterobacteriaceae that exceeded the current legislation limit were 6/39 (15%), 6/45 (13%) and 5/51 (9%) in cooked pork, chicken and respectively beef meat. Given the similar rate of contaminations among these three categories of food there were no statistical differences noticed (p>0.05). Results showed that in 35 of 170 (20%) collected food samples were found total Enterobacteriaceae count over 3 log CFU/g and 12 of 170 (7%) were found with coliform bacteria. Raw meat destined for fast-food industry can represent a risk for public health if hygiene and refrigerating conditions are not properly monitored.
Carcass Characteristics of Purebred Tsurcana Lambs and F1 Crossbreds (Tsurcana X Vendeen)
Authors: PAȘCA Ioan , CÎMPEAN Adrian , PUSTA Dana , BOGDAN Liviu , PALL Emoke , TĂBĂRAN Alexandra , BOTA Cristina Laura , BORZAN Mihai Marian
Published: May 2018

The data presented in this article is included in a larger research regarding the improvement of the Romanian lamb towards the meat production. The study has been carried out from 2015 to 2016. The lambs included in this study were obtained following a protocol of estrus synchronization in Tsurcana ewes and the grouped lambing. The research is a pilot study conducted on a representative sample for the selected groups of animals and further research is needed to complete the research. The research aims to compare carcass characteristics of purebred Tsurcana lambs and Tsurcana crossed with Vendeen lambs. The criteria assessed were: the chemical composition of purebred and crossbred meat, the live body weight, the slaughtering performance and the weight of different carcass cuts. For almost all criteria chosen the crossbred individuals recorded better results.
The Influence of Solar Radiation on the Antioxidant Systems in Blood of Dairy Cows and Their Correlations with Milk Quality and Quantity
Authors: PUSTA Dana , SOBOLU Rodica , ANDREI Sanda , RADUCU Camelia , POP Ioana , TĂBĂRAN Alexandra , REGET Oana , BORZAN Mihai , PAŞCA Ioan
Published: May 2018

The purpose of this paper is to observe if in cattle, exposed to the solar radiation, could be noticed a certain reaction of the organism related to the oxidative stress and its influence on milk quantity and quality. During the hot summer days, when the values of THI exceed 72, the oxidative stress is produced in dairy cows, which is mainly manifested till the cellular level, by the increasing of the antioxidant enzymes activity. There was recorded a direct corelation between the increasing of the antioxidant enzymes level and the increasing of the THI.
The Incidence of Aflatoxin M1 in Milk Produced in a Regional Surveillance System Between 2013 and 2017
Authors: FĂT Alina , DAN Sorin Daniel , TĂBĂRAN Alexandra , REGET Oana , MIKLE Daiana , MIHAIU Romolica , MIHAIU Marian
Published: May 2018

Aflatoxins are toxic metabolites, generally produced by Aspergillus flavus, A. parasiticus and A. Nomius. They can have immunosuppressive, mutagenic, teratogenic and carcinogenic effects, especially on the liver. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the frequency of AFM1 contamination in milk in an established surveillance area of Romania, during 2013-2017 period. The material was represented by 150 raw milk samples obtained from milk collecting units and breeding units in Cluj county. The samples were analyzed by ELISA method. Measurable levels of AFM1 were present in 28% of the milk samples examined. The level of AFM1 in the positive samples ranged between 0,010 and 0,089 μg/kg. Of the total samples, only two were found non-compliant with the EU regulatory limit (0.05 μg/kg). All the positive samples were detected in 2013. In the 2014-2017 period, the level of aflatoxin M1 in milk was undetectable. The contamination risk of AFM1 in milk may increase with feeds being stored in improper conditions of humidity and temperature. This risk can be significantly reduced by using aflatoxin uncontaminated feeds.
Retrospective study of 16 Cavalier King Charles Spaniel dogs diagnosed with Chiari-Like Malformation and Syringomyelia. Magnetic Resonance Imaging and Surgical Management
Authors: CUCOS Catalina Anca , BARUT Ates , IONAȘCU Iuliana , CONSTANTINESCU Radu , VLAGIOIU Constantin
Published: May 2018

Chiari-like malformation (CM) and Syringomyelia (SM) are complex neurological disorders, that affects the brain and respectively the spinal cord. These conditions affect certain toy breed dogs, among which the Cavalier King Charles Spaniel breed is overrepresented, causing numerous clinical signs, of which the neurological pain is commonly observed.The purpose of this research was to describe the CM/SM magnetic resonance images, to discuss the medical management and to track the outcome of the patients. All of the 16 Cavalier King Charles Spaniel dogs underwent surgical treatment, consisting of cranio-cervical decompression, combined with drug therapy.Thirteen of the 16 cases presented good results with clinical improvement of the symptomatology, escpecially decreasing the neuropathic pain, and increasing the quality of life. The other 3 cases presented no improvement of the symptomatology.
Decriminalisation of Drug Use – The Outlook for Reform in Norway
Authors: Marthinussen Hans Fredrik
Published: May 2018

The article gives an overview on the outlook for a Norwegian drug policy reform. It discusses whether a statement by a majority group in the Parliament might lead to full decriminalisation of drug use and possession of small quantities for own use. It also looks at the moral and sociological background for the drive for a change of the current legal regulation of drug use.