bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Synthesis of cerium oxide nanoparticles using Vitex extract
Authors: Fesenko T. V. , Laguta I. V. , Stavynska O. M. , Oranska O. I.
Published: December 2020

The aim of this work was to study composition and antioxidant/reducing properties of Vitex cannabifolia leaves extract and to characterize it as a possible active agent for green synthesis of cerium oxide nanoparticles (CeO2-NPs). The aim of the study was also to prepare CeO2-NPs and to investigate the particles sizes, texture and morphology. Antioxidant/reducing properties of Vitex cannabifolia leaves extract were studied using Folin-Chiocalteu and 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) tests, composition of the extract was explored by means of laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry method. The extract was found to possess very high antioxidant/reducing capability, showing fast reduction of DPPH radicals even at 100-fold dilution. The main components of the extract were phenolic acids, flavonoids and terpenes; all these compounds are known to be active reducing and/ or stabilizing agents in green synthesis of various nanoparticles. Using the extract, CeO2-NPs were prepared by means of the procedure that included the reduction of cerium(IV) ammonium nitrate by extract components followed by annealing the precipitate at 600 °C under in air conditions. The particles synthesized were characterized by means of scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction and nitrogen adsorption methods. According to X-ray diffraction and electron microscopy data, CeO2-NPs had crystalline structure, spherical form and fairly uniform particles size distribution; surface area of the particles was estimated from nitrogen adsorption isotherms as about 30 m2 per 1 g. The average crystallite size determined from X-ray line broadening data was about 17 nm, the average particles diameter derived from surface area data was up to ~30 nm. Thus, one can conclude that the particles synthesized are small enough to be suitable for biomedical applications while Vitex cannabifolia extract is the effective reagent for green synthesis of cerium oxide nanoparticles
Development of the information system for semantic identification and documentation of the results of non-formal and informal education
Authors:   Tavriya State Agrotechnological University named after Dmitry Motorny, Pryima S.M. , Strokan' О.V. ,   Tavriya State Agrotechnological University named after Dmitry Motorny, Lubko D.V. ,   Poltava Regional Institute of Postgraduate Pedagogical Education named after MV Ostrogradsky, Lytvyn Yu.O. ,   Poltava Regional Institute of Postgraduate Pedagogical Education named after MV Ostrogradsky, Bilyk N.І. ,   Poltava Regional Institute of Postgraduate Pedagogical Education named after MV Ostrogradsky
Published: December 2020

We analyse modern approaches to the interaction of the educational services market with the labour market through recognition of non-formal and informal learning outcomes. The authors prove the expediency of semantic technologies used for information processing at the knowledge level. ESCO classifier that combines services of the labour market and the educational market is examined in detail. This classifier allows jobseekers and employers from different EU member states to handle information on learning outcomes more efficiently. The analyzes of practical ESCO classifier usage on example of the European Employment Service (EURES) demonstrates that this approach provides all necessary information for jobseekers abroad. The ontological analysis is an efficient way to model the ideas of various subject domains and it allows to represent formally their semantics. Hence, the research analyzes the ontological model for this information system and its components; in particular, the authors provide the described content of the ESCO ontological model which consists of three elements – occupations, skills and qualifications. The paper offers an information system for semantic identification and documentation of non-formal and informal learning outcomes based on the ESCO ontological model. The authors select and analyze the main stages of the system development: an ontology scheme in the Protege editor is created; the process of integrating the ontology in the RDF-repository is described; the architecture and user interface of the suggested information system are developed. Semantic graphs database GraphDB is used for ontology storage. To implement the addition and modification of data in GraphDB repository, connectors are used. Access to the RDF-repository is provided with SPARQL query language, whose outcomes are represented as result sets or RDF-graphs. In addition, the research justifies the use of React framework for development of the information system user interface. The architecture and user interface of information system proposed in this research work allow to carry out the semantic identification and documentation of non-formal and informal learning outcomes. Thus, they increase the efficiency of managing the information about these outcomes.
Model of information object for digital library and its verification
Authors:   Institute of Software Systems NAS of Ukraine, Novitsky A.V. , Reznichenko V.A. ,   Institute of Software Systems NAS of Ukraine
Published: December 2020

An approach for formal verification of UML 2.0 using mapping OWL-DL in UML 2.0 is proposed. As a result, an original approach for mapping OWL-DL to UML 2.0 through description logic has been proposed. The completeness of the mapping of UML-OWL through stereotypes and labeled UML 2.0 values at the level of M0, M1 of the MOF metamodel is provided. A model of the information object (IO) for the semantic electronic library, which is described by using the UML language, is proposed. The proposed IO model was also verified by mapping it into OWL and then validating the constructed ontology by using risoners.
Parallel algorithms optimization using Actor Model
Authors:   Institute of Software Systems NAS of Ukraine, Doroshenko А.Yu. , Tulika E.M. ,   Institute of Software Systems NAS of Ukraine
Published: December 2020

Introduced methods and instrumentation tools for actor model applied to block recursive algorithms optimization. Created formal model of distribution and coordination of the tasks in computation cluster as asynchronous reactive processes with message-passing represented with an actor model and choreography of actors. Created declarative definitions of algorithms which compiles to the system of actors. Proposed scheme of data placement in a cluster using prioritization of block-recursive operations to reduce idling time, data movement, with increased parallelism in situation of high-speed processors and reduced network bandwidth. Implemented adaptive adjustment of the data placement in a cluster at run time to account for current cluster load. Created autotuning of the actor placement in а cluster which uses statistics of previous runs for optimization. Usage of choreography of actors allows to remove central coordinating element and to avoid hard dependencies between cluster nodes, which provides flexible data placement, improves fault tolerance with no single point of failure and allows to use self-healing.
About using special data structures in coverage algorithms
Authors:   Odessa National Polytechnic University, Paulin O.N. , Komleva N.O. ,   Odessa National Polytechnic University
Published: December 2020

The aim of this work is to increase the efficiency of methods and algorithms for solving the problem of finding coverage. Efficiency is understood as the minimum delay of the procedure that implements this method. To increase the efficiency of the “Columnization” method, a characteristic vector (CV) is introduced into the decision tree construction procedure, obtained by summing the units in columns / rows of the coverage table (CT); it characterizes the current state of the coverage table. The idea of this method is to gradually decompose CT into sub-tables using their reduction according to certain rules. We consider 3 ways to reduce the original table / current sub-tables in the methods: 1) "Border search over a concave set"; 2) "Using the properties of the coverage table"; 3) "The minimum column is the maximum row." In the latter method, CV was used for the first time, which made it possible to accelerate the coating finding procedure up to one and a half times. The complexity estimates for the considered coating methods are calculated; we have: S1 = O (n ^ 3); S2 = O (2 ^ n); S3 = O (n ^ 2), where n is the determining parameter of the coverage problem (number of columns), and the applicability limits of these methods are determined. It is shown that the use of CV in methods 1 and 2 is impractical.
Models of concurrent program running in resource constrained environment
Authors:   Institute of Software Systems NAS of Ukraine, Rahozin D.V.
Published: December 2020

The paper considers concurrent program modeling using resource constrained automatons. Several software samples are considered: real time operational systems, video processing including object recognition, neural network inference, common linear systems solving methods for physical processes modeling. The source code annotating and automatic extraction of program resource constraints with the help of profiling software are considered, this enables the modeling for concurrent software behavior with minimal user assistance.
Static analysis of .NET programs using rewriting rules
Authors:   Institute of Software Systems NAS of Ukraine, Mamedov T.A. , Doroshenko A.Yu. ,   Institute of Software Systems NAS of Ukraine, Shevchenko R.S. ,   Institute of Software Systems NAS of Ukraine
Published: December 2020

A software tool that finds problems of resource consumption in case of work with files using rewriting rules was implemented. To reach the goal, the TermWare system, which could be embedded into those systems running on JVM, was used. In order to work with C#-programs, the special plugin for TermWare, which helps to generate appropriate terms from source code, was developed. The plugin uses the Roslyn compiler, which allows users to find syntax errors in programs and focus on the primary task of generating terms from source code. Also, a practical application based on TermWare system – a static analyzer that finds problems with open-close files, was described in the article.
Recognition of emotional expressions using the grouping crowdings of characteristic mimic states
Authors:   Khmelnytsky National University of the Ministry of Education and Science of Ukraine, Barmak O.V. , Manziuk E.A. ,   Khmelnytsky National University of the Ministry of Education and Science of Ukraine, Kalyta O.D. ,   Khmelnytsky National University of the Ministry of Education and Science of Ukraine, Krak Iu. ,   Glushkov Institute of Cybernetics NAS of Ukraine, Kuznetsov V.O. ,   Glushkov Institute of Cybernetics NAS of Ukraine, Kulias A.I. ,   Glushkov Institute of Cybernetics NAS of Ukraine
Published: December 2020

The characteristic forms of facial expressions of the emotional states of a person are typical of a rather large degree of generalization on the basis of common physiological structures and the location of the muscles that form the human face. This circumstance is one of the main reasons for the commonality of human manifestations of emotions that are reflected in the face. By the nature and form of facial expressions on the face with high probability, it is possible to determine the emotional state of a person with some correction on the part of the cultural characteristics and traditions of certain groups. In accordance with the existence of common mimic forms of emotional manifestations, an approach is proposed to create a model of recognition of emotional manifestations on the face of a person with relatively low requirements for the means of photo, video-fixation and acceptable speed in the video stream. The creation of the model is based on the implementation of the hyperplane classification of mimic manifestations of major emotional states. One of the main advantages of the proposed approach is the small computational complexity that allows realizing the recognition of the changes in people’s emotional state without any special equipment (for low-resolution or long-distance video cameras). In addition, the model developed on the basis of the proposed approach allows obtaining proper recognition accuracy with low requirements for quality image characteristics, which allows extending the scope of practical application to a great extent. One example of practical application is control over the drivers in the process of driving the vehicle, complex production operators, and other automated visual surveillance systems. The set of detected emotional states is formed in accordance with the set tasks and gives the opportunity to focus on the recognition of mimic forms and group characteristic structural manifestations based on the set of distinguished characteristic features.
Hybrid algorithm Newton method for solving systems of nonlinear equations with block Jacobi matrix
Authors:   Glushkov Institute of Cybernetics NAS of Ukraine, Khimich O.M. , Sydoruk V.A. ,   Glushkov Institute of Cybernetics NAS of Ukraine, Nesterenko A.N. ,   Glushkov Institute of Cybernetics NAS of Ukraine
Published: December 2020

Systems of nonlinear equations often arise when modeling processes of different nature. These can be both independent problems describing physical processes and also problems arising at the intermediate stage of solving more complex mathematical problems. Usually, these are high-order tasks with the big count of un-knows, that better take into account the local features of the process or the things that are modeled. In addition, more accurate discrete models allow for more accurate solutions. Usually, the matrices of such problems have a sparse structure. Often the structure of sparse matrices is one of next: band, profile, block-diagonal with bordering, etc. In many cases, the matrices of the discrete problems are symmetric and positively defined or half-defined. The solution of systems of nonlinear equations is performed mainly by iterative methods based on the Newton method, which has a high convergence rate (quadratic) near the solution, provided that the initial approximation lies in the area of gravity of the solution. In this case, the method requires, at each iteration, to calculates the Jacobi matrix and to further solving systems of linear algebraic equations. As a consequence, the complexity of one iteration is. Using the parallel computations in the step of the solving of systems of linear algebraic equations greatly accelerates the process of finding the solution of systems of nonlinear equations. In the paper, a new method for solving systems of nonlinear high-order equations with the Jacobi block matrix is proposed. The basis of the new method is to combine the classical algorithm of the Newton method with an efficient small-tile algorithm for solving systems of linear equations with sparse matrices. The times of solving the systems of nonlinear equations of different orders on the nodes of the SKIT supercomputer are given.
Decision support system for quality management in study process
Authors:   Odessa National Polytechnic University, Komleva N.O. , Liubchenko V.V. ,   Odessa National Polytechnic University, Zinovatna S.L. ,   Odessa National Polytechnic University
Published: December 2020

The authors describe the design of a decision support system, which allows automating the works on extracting information from the survey results. The generalization of modern publications had confirmed the relevance of the primary purpose of the paper. The domain analysis determined what tasks the decision support system should solve. The results of domain analysis became the base for the requirements specification. Logical and process views represent the system architecture design. A denormalized data structure, which accelerates the acquisition of aggregated data in different dimensions, is developed. The system design provides the work with various data sources as well as incremental development of the decision support system.
The impact of cloud services pricing on provider profit, consumer surplus, and social welfare
Authors:   Glushkov Institute of Cybernetics NAS of Ukraine, Gorbachuk V.M. , Gavrylenko S.O. ,   Glushkov Institute of Cybernetics NAS of Ukraine
Published: December 2020

The providers of cloud solutions create rentals for computing power and disk space by means of the protected Internet-connections while their consumers pay only for the resources chosen with options of flexible scaling, assuming rather adequate substitution and development for their digital infrastructure without legal property rights for hardware or software. As a result, the users of cloud products get ready services, and their providers obtain the resources necessary for further development of their products. The work is devoted to computing the total gain of all participants in such a market at various pricing models.
Knowledge bases and description logics applications to natural language texts analysis
Authors:   Kiev Taras Shevchenko National University, Hoherchak H.I.
Published: December 2020

The article describes some ways of knowledge bases application to natural language texts analysis and solving some of their processing tasks. The basic problems of natural language processing are considered, which are the basis for their semantic analysis: problems of tokenization, parts of speech tagging, dependency parsing, correference resolution. The basic concepts of knowledge bases theory are presented and the approach to their filling based on Universal Dependencies framework and the correference resolution problem is proposed. Examples of applications for knowledge bases filled with natural language texts in practical problems are given, including checking constructed syntactic and semantic models for consistency and question answering.
Method of information obtaining from ontology on the basis of a natural language phrase analysis
Authors:   Glushkov Institute of Cybernetics NAS of Ukraine, Litvin A.A. , Velychko V.Yu. ,   Glushkov Institute of Cybernetics NAS of Ukraine, Kaverynskyi V.V. ,   Institute of Problems of Materials Science. I.N. Frantsevich NAS of Ukraine
Published: December 2020

A method for phrases analyzing in natural languages of inflective type (Ukrainian and Russian) has been developed. The method allows one to outline main expressed ideas and groups of words in the text by which they are stated. The semantic trees of propositions formed in this way, each of which expresses one specific idea, are a convenient source material for constructing queries to the ontology in the SPARQL language. The analysis algorithm is based on the following sequence of basic steps: word tokenize, determining of marker words and phrases, identifying available type of proposition, identifying nouns groups, building a syntactic graph of a sentence, building semantic trees of propositions based on existing types of propositions, substituting parameters from semantic trees of propositions in the corresponding SPARQL query templates. The choice of an appropriate template depends on the type of proposition expressed by a given semantic tree of a proposition. The sets of concepts received as an answer are tied as corresponding answers to the previously defined semantic tree of proposition. In case of non-receipt of information from the ontology, the reduction of noun groups is carried out to express more general concepts and the building queries using them. This allows us to get some answer, although not as accurate as when we use the full noun group. The use of SPARQL query templates requires an a priori known ontology structure, which is also proposed in this paper. Such a system is applicable for dialogue using chat-bots or for automatically receiving answers to questions from the text.
Distributional semantic modeling: a revised technique to train term/word vector space models applying the ontology-related approach
Authors:   Glushkov Institute of Cybernetics NAS of Ukraine, Palagin O.V. , Velychko V.Yu. ,   Glushkov Institute of Cybernetics NAS of Ukraine, Malakhov K.S. ,   Glushkov Institute of Cybernetics NAS of Ukraine, Shchurov O.S. ,   Glushkov Institute of Cybernetics NAS of Ukraine
Published: December 2020

We design a new technique for the distributional semantic modeling with a neural network-based approach to learn distributed term representations (or term embeddings) – term vector space models as a result, inspired by the recent ontology-related approach (using different types of contextual knowledge such as syntactic knowledge, terminological knowledge, semantic knowledge, etc.) to the identification of terms (term extraction) and relations between them (relation extraction) called semantic pre-processing technology – SPT. Our method relies on automatic term extraction from the natural language texts and subsequent formation of the problem-oriented or application-oriented (also deeply annotated) text corpora where the fundamental entity is the term (includes non-compositional and compositional terms). This gives us an opportunity to changeover from distributed word representations (or word embeddings) to distributed term representations (or term embeddings). The main practical result of our work is the development kit (set of toolkits represented as web service APIs and web application), which provides all necessary routines for the basic linguistic pre-processing and the semantic pre-processing of the natural language texts in Ukrainian for future training of term vector space models.
Developing a semantic image model using machine learning based on convolutional neural networks
Authors:   Institute of Software Systems NAS of Ukraine, Andon P.I. , Glybovets A.M. ,   National University "Kyiv-Mohyla Academy", Kuryliak V.V. ,   National University "Kyiv-Mohyla Academy"
Published: December 2020

This paper describes the main areas of research in the field of developing computer models for the automatization of digital image recognition. The concept of the semantic image model is introduced and the implementation of the machine learning model for solving the problem of automatic construction of such a model is described. The semantic model consists of a list of objects represented in the image and their relationships. The developed model was compared to other solutions and showed better results in all but one case. The performance of the model is justified by the use of the latest achievements of machine learning, including ZNM, TL, Faster R-CNN, and VGG16. Much of the links represented in the image are spatial links, so for the model to work better, you need to use that fact in designing it, which was done.
Validation of correctness of autotuning code transformations with rewriting rules technique
Authors:   Institute of Software Systems NAS of Ukraine, Ivanenko P.A.
Published: December 2020

Article presents an approach to correctness validation of autotuning optimizational transformations. Autotuner is considered as dynamic discrete system and validation is reduced to verification of characteristic of equivalence by result of representation of initial and optimized program versions in autotuning formal model. In partial cases this validation can be done automatically using source code and rewriting rules technique.
Determination of Gamma-Ray Shielding Parameters for Concretes and Dosimeters Using MCNPX
Authors: Singh V. P. , Tekin Huseyin Ozan
Published: December 2020

Gamma-ray shielding parameter for some concretes and dosimeters having large scale applications in radiological protection are presented using MCNPX (version 2.4.0) at different energies. The MCNPX results are compared with experimental, MCNP and XCOM data, and good agreement is being noted. Present study indicates that MCNPX simulation method is suitable and reliable simulation tool to be used as an alternative method for the investigation of gamma-ray interaction. The present geometry can be used as standard geometry for MCNPX simulation for low- as well as high-Z materials.
Coping of Off-campus Class during the COVID-19 Crisis for the Architecture Pedagogy in Bangladesh
Authors: Rashid Masud Ur
Published: December 2020

Many of the private universities of Bangladesh have decided to continue their academic activities through online off-campus learning amid concerns that traditional classes could spread the COVID-19 virus. Teaching is moving online, on an untested and unprecedented scale. There are challenges and possibilities unveiling in the technical tertiary level education like Architecture. A Bachelor of Architecture (B.Arch) programme need to be comprising of both theory and sessional studio courses. The learning modes are not same for these two areas. Modification and new invention of teaching methods need to be introduced to coping of off-campus class. In this study, the first-hand experience of on-line teaching in B.Arch program of the author and the similar experience of faculties of the different universities of Bangladesh are triangulated to come up with a model of off-campus class. This article finds out the systematic process of teaching method to coping of off-campus class during the COVID-19 crisis for the Architecture pedagogy. The process has three domains and four major areas. The teacher’s domain and the student’s domain are connected through the domain of virtual classroom. The four major areas are live streaming, live discourse, prerecorded lecture and assignment and feedback. A well synchronization of these areas can establish the model of off-campus class for architecture pedagogy.
El espacio expectante. Un acercamiento al espacio litúrgico como lugar de presencia y de encuentro a través de la obra de Rupnik
Authors: Delgado-Martos Emilio
Published: December 2020

En pleno siglo XXI, el espacio litúrgico cristiano se halla inmerso en un nuevo proceso de inculturación. Las sugerencias postconciliares no han producido un cambio significativo en las propuestas arquitectónicas, si bien algunas iniciativas artísticas, como la obra de Rupnik, han desencadenado una reflexión profunda sobre el sentido estético y teológico de las artes que intervienen en el templo. Se propone un acercamiento metodológico para reformular el espacio litúrgico como espacio simbólicamente expectante. El espacio expectante, tomado como categoría, implica que la presencia del Misterio encarnado se manifieste de forma explícita a través de la arquitectura y el arte que la reviste, propiciando y acompañando el encuentro en el contexto de la celebración de la Liturgia.
La motivación básica de Husserl y el sentido de la fenomenología
Authors: San-Martín Javier
Published: December 2020

El objetivo del ensayo es defender la unidad de la obra de Husserl como reivindicación de una posición especial del ser humano, pues solo desde esa posición puede ejecutar las acciones tales como la ciencia y algunos productos culturales. En el primer apartado se conectan los primeros pasos fi losófi cos de Husserl, desde la oposición al Zeitgeist positivista, con los últimos. En el segundo se desmontan los prejuicios más pertinaces en su interpretación. En el tercero se procura exponer desde esa posición algunos de los conceptos básicos del método fenomenológico.
An estimation of Phi divergence and its application in testing normality
Authors: TAVAKOLİ Mahsa , ALİZADEH NOUGHABİ Hadi , MOHTASHAMİ BORZADARAN Gholam Reza
Published: December 2020

In this article, a new goodness of fit test for normality is introduced based on Phi divergence. The test statistic is estimated using spacing and the consistency of the test is proved. Then with replacing some special cases of Phi divergence, the efficiency of each test statistic is analyzed by Monte Carlo simulation against some competitors (based on Phi divergence using kernel density function and also some classical competitors). It is shown that each special case of Phi divergence based test is the most powerful in each group of alternatives (depending on symmetry or support).
Information Sources on Preservation of Fresh Vegetables in Kwara State, Nigeria
Authors: KOMOLAFE Sola Emmanuel , AWOYEMI Adeseye Olusikemi , ADESIJI Gbolagade Benjamin , OLUSEGUN Funmilayo Seun
Published: December 2020

This study assessed the sources of information on preservation of fresh vegetables among farmers in Ilorin, Kwara State. A total of 120 respondents were randomly selected. A questionnaire was developed to collect data. Data was analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics. Findings indicated that respondents cultivate average of 2 hectares of vegetable farms. All (100%) of the respondents produced water leaf, African spinach, Saluyot leaf and African Basil. Drying (99.2%) and refrigeration (17.5%) of fresh vegetables were the main preservation methods adopted by respondents. Fellow farmers (mean=3.75), radio (mean=3.40) and farmers’ group (mean=1.86) were the leading sources of information for preserving fresh vegetables. Education, farming experience and household size of the respondents were significantly related (p<0.05) to the sources of information used by respondents. This study recommends that extension organizations aimed at improving farmers’ capacity on preservation of fresh vegetables should disseminate their information through farmers’ groups and radio program.
The Effects of Seed Priming with L-glutamine and L-arginine Amino Acids in Pepper Seeds
Authors: BARCANU Elena , PASCHALIDIS Konstantinos , VÎNĂTORU Costel , DOBRE-AGAPIE Ovidia , GHERASE Ion , TĂNASE Bianca , NEGOȘANU Geanina , DRĂGHICI Elena
Published: December 2020

Seed-priming is a physiological technique of seed hydration and drying to enhance the germination. Seed priming treatments can be used to achieve even and earlier sprouts. A popular seed-priming practice which helps the seeds germinate faster is hydro-priming. Other studies have shown that seed priming with α-arginine promotes growth in sunflower. Pepper seeds germinate slowly and the aim of this study was to assess the effects of seed priming with α-glutamine and α-arginine amino acids in pepper seeds grown in different fertilization scheme. During the evaluation it can be concluded that seed-priming treatment with α-arginine and double distilled water speeds up the sprouting. At some variants, it was proven that α-glutamine seed-priming was inefficient. It was also found that fertilization schemes influence the germination and root growth in the following year.
Epidemiological Study of Hydatidosis in Sheep Slaughtered at M’Sila Abattoirs (Algeria)
Authors: HAFFAF Samia , RAGOUB Fatima Zahra , MAMMERI Adel , NOUARI Zouina , DJAALAB Imen , ZERNINE Abdessalam
Published: December 2020

Hydatidosis is a parasitic disease caused by Echinococcus granulosus. It is also among the most prevalent zoonotic diseases with special importance for public health that causes drastic financial losses in both developed and developing countries. Among Algerian governorates, M’Sila region includes an important number of sheep flocks. Thus, an epidemiological survey was conducted on sheep hydatidosis during 5 months between December 2017 and April 2018 at three slaughterhouses of M’sila governorate, situated in municipalities of M’Sila, Boussaâda and Sidi Aissa. In parallel, an epidemiological investigation via interviews and questionnaire was conducted from March to April, 2018 on a sample of 46 sheep breeders located in M’Sila region. The questionnaire treated several risk factors (presence and deworming of dogs, informal slaughtering practices, fiability of preventive measures…etc.). Results showed a general prevalence of 24.80% among 9048 slaughtered sheep, and a seasonal prevalence higher in spring (42.02%) than in winter (21.65%) (p>0.05). Sheep of five to six years old and more are the most parasitized (p<0.0001). The lungs (38. 24%) and the livers (30.39%) were the most affected organs, while 31.24% of sheep were affected simultaneously in both organs (liver and lungs). Furthermore, females are more affected (97.99%) than males (2.01%) (p<0.0001).
Destino dos Afetos no Rorschach de Mulheres Vítimas de Incesto
Authors: Mazoyer Anne Valérie , Roques Marjorie , Amparo Deise Matos do , Taunay Camila
Published: December 2020

Resumo Este estudo tem como objetivo analisar o destino e a dinâmica dos afetos em mulheres adultas que sofreram incesto paterno na infância e adolescência. Apoiando-nos nos conceitos de afeto e trauma da psicanálise, levantamos a hipótese de que o incesto desorganiza as capacidades psíquicas das vítimas e suas vivências afetivas. Realizamos um estudo descritivo-exploratório de casos múltiplos com mulheres francesas utilizando entrevistas e o Método Projetivo de Rorschach (Escola de Paris). Essas mulheres apresentam um modo particular de expressar afetos, nem sempre sintônico com a representação devido à gravidade da clivagem. Assim, há uma distorção do afeto com perda da sua qualidade psíquica. Concluímos pela necessidade de acompanhamento terapêutico baseado nas capacidades de identificar, reconhecer e manejar os afetos.
Adesão ao Tratamento, Resiliência e Percepção de Doença em Pessoas com HIV,
Authors: Seidl Eliane Maria Fleury , Remor Eduardo
Published: December 2020

Resumo O objetivo deste estudo foi investigar variáveis preditoras da adesão ao tratamento antirretroviral entre aspectos sociodemográficos, clínicos e psicológicos (resiliência e percepção de doença) em pessoas com o vírus da imunodeficiência humana (HIV). Participaram 155 pacientes, sendo 72,9% homens. Roteiros de entrevista sobre aspectos sociodemográficos e clínicos e instrumentos validados para a população brasileira foram aplicados. Três variáveis foram preditoras da adesão: resiliência, percepção de doença como preditor negativo, e idade, totalizando 29% de variância explicada. O estudo tem implicações para a prática de psicólogos e de equipes de saúde que atuam na área, com base na implementação de intervenções visando à adesão e ao autocuidado, bem como à adaptação e à resiliência em pessoas que vivem com HIV.
“Desde que começa a ação da justiça, cessa a ação da polícia”: as reformas da justiça criminal no Brasil do século XIX
Authors: Corrêa Thiago Pinheiro , Cordeiro Nefi
Published: December 2020

Resumo O trabalho resgata o contexto histórico das reformas judiciárias no Brasil ao longo do século XIX, com enfoque no processo de gradual separação funcional e especialização das atividades judiciárias e policiais. Investiga as razões que levaram às sucessivas reformas por meio de revisão bibliográfica e consulta aos debates parlamentares da época. Defende, nesse contexto, que, para além do estabelecimento de procedimentos judiciários, as reformas veicularam concepções de justiça criminal distintas, e analisa como, e em que medida, o Código de Processo Criminal de 1832, a Lei de 3 de dezembro de 1841 e a Lei n. 2.033 de 1871 regularam as relações recíprocas entre a polícia e o Poder Judiciário, com especial destaque para a criação do inquérito policial e das consequências processuais advindas desse instrumento.
Rapid determination of saline soil in the Xinjiang region in China
Authors: Feng Liqun , Liu Wenjing
Published: December 2020

At present, the conventional method of detecting the soluble salt ion content of soil takes approximately 2 days in China. Moreover, the method has complicated steps and can only be carried out indoors. The aforementioned drawbacks will delay on-site construction management and affect the construction progress in severe cases. In this study, portable equipment is proposed to detect the content of soluble salt ions of the soil. The proposed method is compared with conventional methods and analysed to develop a construction method for rapid on-site detection of soluble salts. The subgrade soil of the Bariku-to-Mulei section of the Beijing–Xinjiang expressway is tested and studied. Following the electrical conductivity principle of salt solution, the salt content of the soil is measured using a conductivity meter. On the basis of spectrophotometry, the chloride (Cl−)/sulfate (SO4 2−) value of the soil is determined using a portable water quality analyser. The experimental results show that electrical conductivity can characterise the degree of soil salinisation, and a water quality analyser can determine the type of saline soil. These measurement methods are simple and easy to master, and the detection accuracy is high. The equipment is light and portable, can be used outdoors and has the advantage of being low in price.
The analysis of psychophysiological features of football players and water sports athletes
Authors: Podrigalo Olga , Borisova Olga , Podrigalo Leonid , Iermakov Sergii , Romanenko Vyacheslav , Bodrenkova Inna
Published: December 2020

Introduction: The purpose of the study was to analyze the psychophysiological characteristics of football players and water sports athletes as factors of professional selection. Materials and methods: The study involved students of a specialized sports school (n = 31, age: 16-17 years). The participants were divided into two groups: group 1 – 20 football players, group 2 – 11 water sports athletes (swimming). The level of sportsmanship is 1 category, Candidates and Masters of Sports. Tests applied: determination of the duration of an individual minute (IM), measuring of a 10 cm segment (SM), determination of simple hand-eye coordination (SHEyC), and simple hand-ear coordination (SHEaC), the technique of “Figures memorizing”, solution of 10 sums. Results: The results of the IM test reflect the prevalence of the earlier test completion. All participants indicated a lower value in 9th test of a segment measuring. The results of the SHEyC and SHEaC of the participants were similar. The results of all tests were less than 10 in the test of “Figures memorizing”. Football players revealed link between coordination and psychophysiological tests results, while swimmers revealed link between coordination and sensory type of tests. Conclusions: The carried out psychophysiological analysis of athletes’ condition of team sports and water sports confirmed the possibility of applying these tests for selection. The results obtained reflect the specific influence of the sport on the athletes’ bodies. These indicators demonstrate the increased requirements for spatial orientation, the importance of reaction to auditory stimuli and the increased ability of football players to control the surrounding space and control the game situation.
Rooibos Tea and Health: A Systematic Review of the Evidence from the Last Two Decades
Authors: TJ Bond , EJ Derbyshire
Published: December 2020

An expanse of research has investigated the effects of black and green teas in relation to aspects of health. Rooibos tea, also known as Red bush is derived from the South African Cape fynbos plant, Aspalathus linearis, and is caffeine free, naturally sweet and abundant in polyphenols. Evidence related to the health aspects of drinking Rooibos tea is advancing, but does not appear to have been collated. Therefore, we aimed to examine the health effects of Rooibos tea through a systematic review of the literature. A PUBMED search was undertaken (2000 up to June 2020) for human and laboratory studies investigating the efficacy of Rooibos in relation to health. Seven human studies and 49 laboratory studies were identified. Overall Rooibos tea consumption seems to benefit the lipid and redox profiles of those at risk of cardiovascular disease. It also appears to possess other promising ‘general’ effects on glycaemic control, bone, liver, cognitive and respiratory health. Ongoing research using standardised interventions is now needed to help formulate congruent conclusions that are relevant to public health.
The Location of U.S. Currency: How Much Is Abroad?
Authors: Porter Richard D. , Judson Ruth A.
Published: December 2020

Federal Reserve bank notes are widely used outside the United States. Knowledge of how much U.S. currency is abroad is important for a variety of reasons, but currency movements are notoriously difficult to measure, and estimates of the foreign component of currency stocks and flows have been subject to a great deal of speculation and uncertainty. This article brings together several new methods and data sources to narrow the range of that uncertainty. The authors estimate that about $200 billion-$250 billion of U.S. currency was abroad at the end of 1995, or more than half the roughly $375 billion then in circulation outside of banks. Moreover, growth in foreign demand for U.S. currency--especially for hundred-dollar bills ($100s)--has been far stronger than growth in U.S. demand. On average, over the 1990s, the currency stock abroad has been growing at about three times the rate of growth of the domestic stock.
New Summary Measures of the Foreign Exchange Value of the Dollar
Authors: Leahy Michael P.
Published: December 2020

The multilateral trade-weighted index of the foreign exchange value of the U.S. dollar against the currencies of the other countries in the Group of Ten (G-10), developed at the Federal Reserve Board in 1971, has played an important role in staff analysis of foreign influences on the U.S. economy for more than twenty-five years. However, changes in international trading relationships and in the structure of international financial markets have led to increased interest in the currencies of U.S. trading partners outside the G-10 countries. Furthermore, the establishment of the European Economic and Monetary Union (EMU) is bringing about significant changes inside the G-10 countries, with the euro, which will be introduced in January 1999, ultimately replacing five of the G-10 currencies. As a result, members of the Board's staff have developed several new indexes of the dollar's overall foreign exchange value.
Industrial Production and Capacity Utilization: 1998 Annual Revision
Authors: Gilbert Charles , Raddock Richard D.
Published: December 2020

In late 1998, the Federal Reserve published the results of an annual revision of its measures of industrial production, capacity, and capacity utilization, which cover the nation's manufacturing, mining, and electric and gas utilities industries. The revision involved both the incorporation of newly available and more comprehensive source data and, for some series, the introduction of modified methods for compiling the series. The revised figures show stronger growth of both production and capacity since 1996; however, the overall capacity utilization rate was little changed from the previous data.
U.S. International Transactions in 1999
Authors: Warnock Francis E.
Published: December 2020

The U.S. current account deficit increased substantially in 1999 as the balances on goods and services, investment income, and unilateral transfers all became more negative. The remarkable strength of the U.S. economy contributed significantly to a marked decrease in the balance on goods and services: to a lesser extent, previous declines in U.S. price competitiveness also played a role. The balance on investment income decreased because of the additional net income payments on the growing U.S. external indebtedness. In 2000, domestic spending may well continue to outstrip domestic production and increase the current account deficit. But adjustments that should slow the process are also at work.
Profits and Balance Sheet Developments at U.S. Commercial Banks in 1999
Authors: Bassett William F. , Zakrajšek Egon
Published: December 2020

The U.S. commercial banking industry posted record earnings in 1999. The industry&#x27;s return on assets and return on equity both rose above the already high level of recent years. Profitability was concentrated at large banks--particularly among the 100 largest--and was driven upward by a surge in noninterest income and a significant slowdown in the growth of noninterest expense. Other sources of improved profitability were a stabilization of net interest income, which had been weakening in recent years, and lower loan loss provisioning permitted by generally good asset quality. The growth of total bank assets slowed slightly relative to 1998, but loans expanded at about the same brisk pace as last year.
The U.S. System for Measuring Cross-Border Investment in Securities: A Primer with a Discussion of Recent Developments
Authors: Griever William L. , Lee Gary A. , Warnock Francis E.
Published: December 2020

The tremendous growth in cross-border securities investment in recent years has called attention to the systems used by the United States and other countries to measure international securities flows and holdings. Ideally, the data gathered by the United States could tell us the extent to which foreign investors hold U.S. securities, the types of securities held, and the countries in which the securities are held, for example, and could identify trends in investment. This article looks at how well the data shed light on these topics. Special attention is given to the system's design and the implications of the design for data analysis. Also discussed are anticipated changes to the system and international efforts to improve data collection systems worldwide.
Retail Fees of Depository Institutions, 1997-2001
Authors: Hannan Timothy H.
Published: December 2020

Since 1990, the Federal Reserve Board has reported annually on changes in the availability of retail banking services and in the level of the associated fees. The most recent report, covering the Board's survey conducted in 2001, was released in June 2002. Information on selected fees for each of the years from 1997 through 2001 is presented in this article. Analysis of the data for the 1997-1 period shows that for the various types of checking and savings accounts tracked, monthly fees tended to rise by statistically significant amounts, as did the minimum balances that depositors had to maintain to avoid the fees. Fees associated with special actions, such as those imposed on checks returned for insufficient funds, also exhibited increases that were statistically significant. Fees imposed for withdrawals by an institution's depositors from other institutions' automated teller machines (ATMs) and for the use of the institution's ATMs by nondepositors became much more common by the end of the period, and average levels increased by statistically significant amounts. Finally, comparisons of the fees charged by institutions of different sizes in 2001 indicate that, in general, the incidence and level of fees were higher at larger institutions.
Global Integration in the Banking Industry
Authors: Berger Allen N. , Smith David C.
Published: December 2020

Lowered regulatory barriers and advances in technology have reduced the cost of supplying banking services across borders. At the same time, growth in activity by multinational corporations has increased the demand for international financial services. As a result, many observers believe that global integration is under way in the banking industry, that banks are expanding their reach across borders, and that many banking markets will therefore develop large foreign components.
An Overview of Consumer Data and Credit Reporting
Authors: Avery Robert B. , Calem Paul S. , Canner Glenn B. , Bostic Raphael W.
Published: December 2020

For some time, the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System has sought to obtain more detailed and timely information on the debt status, loan payment behavior, and overall credit quality of U.S. consumers. For decades, information of this type has been gathered by credit reporting companies primarily to assist creditors in evaluating the credit quality of current and prospective customers. To evaluate the potential usefulness of these data, the Federal Reserve Board engaged one of the three national consumer reporting companies to supply the credit records, without personal identifying information, of a nationally representative sample of individuals. This article describes the way the credit reporting companies compile and report their data and gives background on the regulatory structure governing these activities. This description is followed by a detailed look at the information collected in credit reports. Key aspects of the data that may be incomplete, duplicative, or ambiguous as they apply to credit evaluation are highlighted in the analysis. The article concludes with a discussion of steps that might be taken to address some of the issues identified.