bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Recycled-Textile-Waste-Based Sustainable Bricks: A Mechanical, Thermal, and Qualitative Life Cycle Overview
Authors: Jamshaid Hafsa , Shah Ambar , Shoaib Muhammad , Mishra Rajesh Kumar
Published: May 2024

The textile industry, renowned for its comfort-providing role, is undergoing a significant transformation to address its environmental impact. The escalating environmental impact of the textile industry, characterised by substantial contributions to global carbon emissions, wastewater, and the burgeoning issue of textile waste, demands urgent attention. This study aims at identifying the feasibility of the future use of textile scraps in the construction and architecture industry by analysing the effect of different binders. In this study, synthetic knitted post-consumer-waste fabrics were taken from a waste market for use as a reinforcement, and different binders were used as the matrix. In the experiment phase, the waste fabrics were mixed with synthetic binders and hydraulic binders to form brick samples. The mechanical and thermal properties of these samples were tested and compared with those of clay bricks. In terms of mechanical properties, unsaturated polyester resin (UPR) samples showed the highest mechanical strength, while acrylic glue (GL) samples had the lowest mechanical strength. White cement (WC) samples showed moderate mechanical properties. Through several tests, it was observed that UPR samples showed the highest values of tensile, bending, and compressive strengths, i.e., 0.111 MPa, 0.134 MPa, and 3.114 MPa, respectively. For WC, the tensile, bending, and compressive strengths were 0.064 MPa, 0.106 MPa, and 2.670 MPa, respectively. For GL, the least favourable mechanical behaviour was observed, i.e., 0.0162 MPa, 0.0492 MPa, and 1.542 MPa, respectively. In terms of thermal conductivity, WC samples showed exceptional resistance to heat transfer. They showed a minimum temperature rise of 54.3 °C after 15 min, as compared to 57.3 °C for GL-based samples and 58.1 °C for UPR. When it comes to polymeric binders, UPR showed better thermal insulation properties, whereas GL allowed for faster heat transfer for up to 10 min of heating. This study explores a circular textile system by assessing the potential of using textile waste as a building material, contributing to greener interior design. This study demonstrated the usefulness of adding short, recycled PET fibres as a reinforcement in UPR composites. The use of the PET fibre avoids the need to use a surface treatment to improve interfacial adhesion to the UPR matrix because of the chemical affinity between the two polyesters, i.e., the PET fibre and the unsaturated polyester resin. This can find application in the construction field, such as in the reinforcement of wooden structural elements, infill walls, and partition walls, or in furniture or for decorative purposes.
A Review of Corporate Social Responsibility Decoupling and Its Impact: Evidence from China
Authors: Luan Tian
Published: May 2024

CSR decoupling refers to the misalignment between a company’s stated CSR policies and its actual practices, resulting in issues like diminished financial performance and heightened risk. While initially explored in developed economies such as the US, recent research has shifted focus towards developing nations like China. However, a comprehensive review of CSR decoupling literature in the Chinese market remains lacking. Previous research typically examines the decoupling phenomenon at the general level of CSR, without considering the distinct impacts of its three key components: environmental, social, and governance pillars. Our study seeks to address this gap by conducting a comprehensive review of CSR decoupling covering 82 related studies, specifically analyzing its environmental, social, and governance dimensions within the context of China. Our findings offer valuable insights for both future research on CSR decoupling in China and policymaking. Firstly, there is a pressing need to prioritize investigations into means–ends decoupling, given the constraints on policy–practice decoupling imposed by stringent regulations. Secondly, the role of government policies in shaping CSR practices is pivotal. Future research could delve into the impacts of policy shocks using quasi-experimental designs. Thirdly, emerging issues like workplace safety, the executive pay gap, and gender diversity are gaining prominence in China’s CSR landscape. Lastly, the dominance of state ownership presents significant challenges to corporate governance, warranting further exploration.
Long-Time Assessment of the Organic Farmer’s Market in Granada (Spain)
Authors: Peña Rodríguez Francisco Javier , Matarán Ruiz Alberto , Torres Rodríguez Adolfo José , de la Cruz Abarca César Eduardo , Sánchez Contreras Josefa , Ruiz Díez Alba , Visquert Bruguera Sergio , Morilla Moreno Juan Carlos
Published: May 2024

In recent years the world has seen an increase in the popularity of farmer’s markets, short food supply chains and local food systems. This growth can be attributed to the public’s growing consciousness of the impracticality of the global food system, globalization’s waste of fossil fuels, the fear of food chemicals, and small farmers’ desire to directly sell their products, among other things. Although there are a wealth of farmer’s market surveys and research on this topic that has been conducted over the past decades around the world, scant data have been collected about farmer’s markets in the south of Spain. This study focuses on the organic farmer’s market in Granada (Spain) and consists of five surveys developed in 8 years which are analyzed to help better understand this market that was first established in the Spring of 2013. It will also consider research on farmer’s markets in Europe and beyond in order to compare the situation of the Granada market as well as bringing in some new ideas of how it can be improved.
Kinetic Modeling of Co-Pyrogasification in Municipal Solid Waste (MSW) Management: Towards Sustainable Resource Recovery and Energy Generation
Authors: Fernandez Anabel , Zalazar-García Daniela , Lorenzo-Doncel Carla , Yepes Maya Diego Mauricio , Silva Lora Electo Eduardo , Rodriguez Rosa , Mazza Germán
Published: May 2024

This study addresses the co-pyrogasification of municipal solid waste (MSW) from the Environmental Technology Park, San Juan, Argentina. This process involves heating waste at high temperatures in a low-oxygen or oxygen-free atmosphere as a sustainable strategy for waste management and energy generation. The principal objective is to focus on understanding the MSW co-pyrogasification kinetics to enhance performance in reactor design. A representative sample of MSW collected over a month was analyzed, focusing on the variation in mass proportions of plastic, organic matter, and paper. The empirical methodology included the deconvolution of macro-TGA curves and deep learning algorithms to predict and validate macro-TG data during co-pyrogasification. The findings reveal that MSW is a solid matrix more easily treated on thermochemical platforms, with kinetic and thermodynamic parameters favoring its processing. This approach suggests that MSW co-pyrogasification may represent a feasible alternative for resource recovery and bioenergy production, supporting the policies for the transition to a cleaner future and a circular economy.
Sustainable Application of Blast Furnace Slag in the Field of 3D Printing: Material Configuration and Machine Optimization
Authors: Li Dongsheng , Cui Xinyun , Jang Jung-sik , Wang Guoxian
Published: May 2024

Blast furnace slag is an industrial waste. Its disposition is generally by means of landfilling or stacking, which goes against the concept of sustainable development. In order to maximize its reuse and abate its adverse effects on the natural environment, this study innovated a solution of using blast furnace slag to produce 3D printing materials. Blast furnace slag was mixed with desulfurization gypsum to adapt to the operation of 3D printers. The mixture has fluidity, viscosity, and hydraulicity. Fluidity allows the mixture to smoothly pass through the transportation pipeline and nozzle of the machine; viscosity ensures that the extruded mixture is gradually stacked and settled; hydraulicity guarantees that the mixture solidifies and forms completely solid objects after dehydration and drying. Fully suitable 3D printers are rare in the market. Therefore, the printing nozzle and reserve device of the 3D printer were designed and improved in this study according to the material characteristics, enhancing the smoothness of the mixture during 3D printing. The sustainable application of blast furnace slag in the field of 3D printing not only favors diminishing environmental pollution and resource consumption but also provides a further sustainable production method for human beings.
Tourism as an Opportunity or the Danger of Saturation for the Historical Coastal Towns
Authors: Danilović Hristić Nataša , Pantić Marijana , Stefanović Nebojša
Published: May 2024

In the era of urbanization, small towns confront challenges in sustaining and preserving their essence and population. Historical towns have discovered their potential in tourism development, yet this opportunity often escalates into overtourism, particularly in renowned cruising destinations. This paper focuses on examples of coastal historical towns dependent on tourism revenue and faced with an excessive influx of tourists in the Mediterranean Region. The objective is to examine various cases across diverse geographical, cultural, and policy contexts to evaluate their success in achieving a balance between economic development and genius loci. This analysis seeks to identify the factors that contributed to the attainment of this equilibrium. Therefore, we selected case studies throughout the Mediterranean coast—from Saint Paul de Vence and Èze at the Azure Coast, Dubrovnik and Kotor in the Adriatic Sea, to Nafplio and Monemvasia in the Aegean Sea. The selected examples range from towns that are almost entirely depopulated to those that are suffocating from the influx of tourists. Observations on the spot and review of policies led us to the conclusion that the geography of the area and cultural values represent comparative (dis)advantages that can be influenced and shaped by policies from the time of the pre-tourist phase to the phase of overtourism. Even though the success of an early policy and the effects of investments aligned with it might be uncertain, pre-tourist policies turn out to be the most successful when it comes to balanced tourist-resident development. Determination of authorities to not only see economic benefit but also genius loci and quality of life of residents is crucial, too.
Optimizing Fleet Structure for Autonomous Electric Buses: A Route-Based Analysis in Aachen, Germany
Authors: Sistig Hubert Maximilian , Sinhuber Philipp , Rogge Matthias , Sauer Dirk Uwe
Published: May 2024

Intelligent transportation systems enhance the potential for sustainable, user-friendly, and efficient transport. By eliminating driver costs, autonomous buses facilitate the redesign of networks, timetables, and fleet structure in a cost-effective manner. The electrification of bus fleets offers the opportunity to further improve the environmental sustainability of transportation networks, but requires adjustments to vehicle schedules due to the limited range and charging requirements. This paper examines the intricate relationship between electrification and autonomous buses. To this end, timetables for autonomous electric buses of different sizes were developed for a real bus route in Aachen, Germany. The resulting electric vehicle scheduling problem was then solved using an adaptive large neighborhood search to determine the number of vehicles needed and the total cost of ownership. By eliminating driver costs, vehicles with lower passenger capacity become much more attractive, albeit at a slightly higher cost. In comparison, the incremental costs of electrification are low if the right approach is taken. Fluctuations in typical passenger numbers can be used to modify timetables and vehicle schedules to accommodate the charging needs of autonomous electric buses. In particular, electric bus concepts with fewer charging stations and lower charging power benefit from adapting the timetable to passenger numbers. The results demonstrate that the specific requirements of electric buses should be considered when adapting networks and timetables in order to design a sustainable transport network.
Influence of Spring Dust Storm on Atmospheric Particulate-Bound Mercury in a Typical Inland City of Northern China: Characteristics, Sources, and Risk Assessment
Authors: Li Xiaofei , Zhang Rui , Tripathee Lekhendra , Guo Jingning , Yang Wen , Guo Junming
Published: May 2024

Particulate-bound mercury (PBM) has a large dry-deposition rate and removal coefficient, both of which import mercury into terrestrial and marine ecosystems, causing global environmental problems. In order to illustrate the concentration characteristics, main sources, and health risk of PBM in the atmospheric environment during the spring dust storm period in Xi’an in 2022, PM2.5 samples were collected in Xi’an in March 2022. The concentration of PBM and the PM2.5 composition, including water-soluble ions and elements, were analyzed. The input of dust caused a significant increase in the concentration of PBM, Ca2+, Na+, Mg2+, SO42−, and metal elements in the aerosol. The research results revealed that the dust had a strong enrichment influence on the atmospheric PBM in Xi’an. Anthropogenic mercury emissions and long-distance migration in the sand source area promote the rise in PBM concentration and should be included in the mercury inventory. The values of the risk index for a certain metal (Eri) (572.78–1653.33) and the geo-accumulation index (Igeo) (2.47–4.78) are calculated during this study, showing that atmospheric PBM has a strong pollution level with respect to the ecological environment and that Hg mainly comes from anthropogenic mercury emissions. The non-carcinogenic health risk of atmospheric PBM in children (8.48 × 10−2) is greater than that in adults (1.01 × 10−2). The results show that we need to pay more attention to children’s health in the process of atmospheric mercury pollution control. This study discusses the distribution characteristics of PBM during spring sandstorms and the effects of atmospheric mercury on residents’ health, providing a basis for studying the sustainable development of environmental health and formulating effective strategies for mercury emission control.
Assessing the Need for and Environmental Acceptability of Infrastructural Facilities in Natural Areas with Special Management Status
Authors: Lubsanova Natalia , Li Zehong , Ayusheeva Svetlana , Mikheeva Anna , Ivanova Sembrika , Bardakhanova Taisiya , Maksanova Lyudmila , Bilgaev Alexey
Published: May 2024

(1) Background: The article discusses approaches to assessing the ecological acceptability of locating new facilities in areas with special natural resource management status. The presence of natural resources and environmental constraints determine the activity of such facilities. We selected the Central Ecological Zone of the Baikal Natural Territory as the object of study, where the fundamental principle of economic activity is ecological, namely through the prevention of the harmful impacts of production, population, and business on the Lake Baikal ecosystems and the surrounding environment, as well as the restriction of certain types of economic activities and more stringent environmental regulation. The study aims to develop a methodological approach for assessing the ecological acceptability of locating facilities in areas with environmental constraints. (2) Methods: We analyzed the possible risks of locating new facilities based on determining the environmental impact of economic activities and assessing the environmental and associated socio-economic consequences of this impact. We determined the ecological acceptability of existing types of economic activities within the proposed approach based on a multi-criteria analysis, including an assessment of the state and possible changes in pollution flows and natural potential of the territories, the anthropogenic state of natural complexes, external and internal costs, and compliance with the status of natural resource management and regulations. (3) Results: The research results indicate that in most of the Central Ecological Zone of the Baikal Natural Territory, the location of new facilities is acceptable in terms of the balance between ecological capacity, anthropogenic load, and economic damage from pollution. However, when locating, it is necessary to consider restrictions on pollutant and contaminant standards, hydrological risks in certain sections of the coast, and the limited labor resources in the Severo-Baykalsky district. (4) Conclusions: The obtained analytical results can be used to scientifically substantiate the location of new facilities in areas with special natural resource management status since the main criterion postulated is that the anthropogenic load on the territory should not exceed the self-recovery potential of the territory’s natural complex.
Hox Gene Collinearity with Pulling Physical Forces Creates a Hox Gene Clustering in Embryos of Vertebrates and Invertebrates: Complete or Split Clusters
Authors: Papageorgiou Spyros
Published: May 2024

Hox gene clusters are crucial in embryogenesis. It was observed that some Hox genes are located in order along the telomeric to centromeric direction of the DNA sequence: Hox1, Hox2, Hox3…. These genes are expressed in the same order in the ontogenetic units of the Drosophila embryo along the anterior–posterior axis. The two entities (genome and embryo) differ significantly in linear size and in-between distance. This strange phenomenon was named spatial collinearity (SP). Later, it was observed that, particularly in the vertebrates, a temporal collinearity (TC) coexists: first Hox1 is expressed, later Hox2, and later on Hox3…. According to a biophysical model (BM), pulling forces act at the anterior end of the cluster while a cluster fastening applies at the posterior end. Hox clusters are irreversibly elongated along the force direction. During evolution, the elongated Hox clusters are broken at variable lengths, thus split clusters may be created. An empirical rule was formulated, distinguishing development due to a complete Hox cluster from development due to split Hox clusters. BM can explain this empirical rule. In a spontaneous mutation, where the cluster fastening is dismantled, a weak pulling force automatically shifts the cluster inside the Hox activation domain. This cluster translocation can probably explain the absence of temporal collinearity in Drosophila.
Influence of Lipopolysaccharide-Interacting Peptides Fusion with Endolysin LysECD7 and Fatty Acid Derivatization on the Efficacy against Acinetobacter baumannii Infection In Vitro and In Vivo
Authors: Li Xiaowan , Shangguan Wenwen , Yang Xiaoqian , Hu Xiaoyue , Li Yanan , Zhao Wenjie , Feng Meiqing , Feng Jun
Published: May 2024

Acinetobacter baumannii has developed multiple drug resistances, posing a significant threat to antibiotic efficacy. LysECD7, an endolysin derived from phages, could be a promising therapeutic agent against multi-drug resistance A. baumannii. In this study, in order to further enhance the antibacterial efficiency of the engineered LysECD7, a few lipopolysaccharide-interacting peptides (Li5, MSI594 and Li5-MSI) were genetically fused with LysECD7. Based on in vitro antibacterial activity, the fusion protein Lys-Li5-MSI was selected for further modifications aimed at extending its half-life. A cysteine residue was introduced into Lys-Li5-MSI through mutation (Lys-Li5-MSIV12C), followed by conjugation with a C16 fatty acid chain via a protonation substitution reaction(V12C-C16). The pharmacokinetic profile of V12C-C16 exhibited a more favorable characteristic in comparison to Lys-Li5-MSI, thereby resulting in enhanced therapeutic efficacy against lethal A. baumannii infection in mice. The study provides valuable insights for the development of novel endolysin therapeutics and proposes an alternative therapeutic strategy for combating A. baumannii infections.
A Single-Step Method for Harvesting Influenza Viral Particles from MDCK Cell Culture Supernatant with High Yield and Effective Impurity Removal
Authors: Liu Sixu , Li Jingqi , Cheng Qingtian , Duan Kangyi , Wang Zhan , Yan Shuang , Tian Shuaishuai , Wang Hairui , Wu Shaobin , Lei Xinkui , Yang Yu , Ma Ningning
Published: May 2024

Influenza vaccines, which are recommended by the World Health Organization (WHO), are the most effective preventive measure against influenza virus infection. Madin–Darby canine kidney (MDCK) cell culture is an emerging technology used to produce influenza vaccines. One challenge when purifying influenza vaccines using this cell culture system is to efficiently remove impurities, especially host cell double-stranded DNA (dsDNA) and host cell proteins (HCPs), for safety assurance. In this study, we optimized ion-exchange chromatography methods to harvest influenza viruses from an MDCK cell culture broth, the first step in influenza vaccine purification. Bind/elute was chosen as the mode of operation for simplicity. The anion-exchange Q chromatography method was able to efficiently remove dsDNA and HCPs, but the recovery rate for influenza viruses was low. However, the cation-exchange SP process was able to simultaneously achieve high dsDNA and HCP removal and high influenza virus recovery. For the SP process to work, the clarified cell culture broth needed to be diluted to reduce its ionic strength, and the optimal dilution rate was determined to be 1:2 with purified water. The SP process yielded a virus recovery rate exceeding 90%, as measured using a hemagglutination units (HAUs) assay, with removal efficiencies over 97% for HCPs and over 99% for dsDNA. Furthermore, the general applicability of the SP chromatography method was demonstrated with seven strains of influenza viruses recommended for seasonal influenza vaccine production, including H1N1, H3N2, B (Victoria), and B (Yamagata) strains, indicating that the SP process could be utilized as a platform process. The SP process developed in this study showed four advantages: (1) simple operation, (2) a high recovery rate for influenza viruses, (3) a high removal rate for major impurities, and (4) general applicability.
Ecological Response of Enzyme Activities in Watershed Sediments to the Reintroduction of Antibiotics
Authors: Lu Yue , Chen Yongshan , Xu Jinghua , Feng Ying , Jiang Jinping
Published: May 2024

The impact of antibiotic residue on sediment ecology at the watershed level is not yet fully understood. In this investigation, varying concentrations of oxytetracycline (OTC) and sulfadiazine (SD) were added to the overlying water of both the upper (0–10 cm) and bottom sediment (20–30 cm) layers at the watershed scale to evaluate the ecological impact on sediment habitats through the analysis of the activities of enzymes, namely urease (UA), alkaline phosphatase (APA), peroxidase (POA), and dehydrogenase (DHA). Results showed that the levels of UA and APA in the bottom sediment layers exceeded those in the top sediment layer upon reintroduction of antibiotics. Conversely, the fluctuations in DHA were notably reduced across various types of antibiotics and exposure concentrations in the bottom sediment layers. Within the top sediment layers, as the concentration of OTC exposure increased, there was a corresponding elevation in POA levels. However, the response of POA initially ascended and subsequently descended with rising SD exposure concentration, although it consistently exceeded the control levels. In contrast, the response of DHA displayed an inverse correlation with OTC exposure concentration but a direct correlation with SD exposure concentration. At the watershed scale, under antibiotic exposure, UA and DHA exhibited significantly higher levels upstream compared to downstream. Conversely, APA and POA appeared relatively stable across the watershed following the reintroduction of antibiotics. Moreover, DHA demonstrated a noticeable decreasing trend with increasing concentrations of OTC exposure. Environmental factors had a predominant influence, exceeding 40%, on enzyme activities during antibiotic reintroduction. Specifically, particle size significantly inhibited enzyme activity, while sediment nutrient conditions, including total carbon, nitrogen, and sulfur content, significantly enhanced enzyme activities. The study suggests that enzyme activities associated with antibiotic reintroduction in watershed sediments are established during stable stages in the bottom sediment layer or downstream sediment environment as part of sedimentary and transport processes. More research is required to explore the maintenance and evolution of antibiotic resistance profiles in the presence of long-term antibiotic residues.
A Numerical Model of the Pollutant Transport in Rivers with Multi-Layer Rigid Vegetation
Authors: Xuan Weidong , Yang Chenggang , Wu Xiang , Shao Yiting , Bai Yu
Published: May 2024

River water pollution is a key environmental issue to human society. How to effectively simulate the flow velocity and pollution transport in a vegetated river can provide a theoretical basis for solving such problems. Based on previous experimental data, this article uses the lattice Boltzmann method and random displacement method to simulate the velocity distribution and nutrient transport in multi-layer rigid vegetated rivers. The simulation results indicate that incorporating the drag force of the vegetation into the model according to different vegetation layers can effectively simulate the velocity in a multi-layer vegetated river. Incorporating the turbulent diffusion and mechanical diffusion effects of nutrients caused by vegetation into the model can effectively simulate the effects of multi-layer vegetation on nutrient transport. This model can provide effective predictions of the flow velocity and pollution transport in multi-layer vegetation.
Risk factors for decreased quality of life in patients with permanent colostomy
Authors:   FSBI Ryzhikh National Medical Research Center of Coloproctology of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Khomyakov E. A. ,   FSBEI CPE Russian Medical Academy of Continuous Professional Education of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Bratsun A. D. ,   FSBI Ryzhikh National Medical Research Center of Coloproctology of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation; FSBEI CPE Russian Medical Academy of Continuous Professional Education of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Rybakov E. G. ,   FSBI Ryzhikh National Medical Research Center of Coloproctology of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Kalashnikova I. A. ,   FSBI Ryzhikh National Medical Research Center of Coloproctology of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Sushkov O. I. ,   FSBI Ryzhikh National Medical Research Center of Coloproctology of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation
Published: May 2024

The purpose of the study: to identify risk factors for decreased quality of life in patients with permanent colostomy. The results of a survey of 114 patients with permanent stoma after radical surgical treatment of stage I–III rectal cancer were analyzed. The quality of life was assessed with EORTC QLQ-C30 questionnaire.Severe impact on the global health status (less than 50 points) was observed in 21 (18.4 %) respondents. The significant risk factors of impaired quality of life include the absence of preoperative stoma site marking (OR = 6.5, 95 %CI = 2.0–20.4; p = 0.002) and the lack of specialized stoma care service in the region of residence (OR = 4.6, 95 %CI = 1.6–13.1; p = 0.005). The emergency nature of the primary operation also had a significant negative impact on subsequent quality of life (OR = 6.1, 95 %CI = 1.8–20.1; p = 0.004). The employment had a positive effect on the quality of life of patients (OR = 0.2, 95 %CI = 0.07–0.9; p = 0.024). Conclusion. The quality of life of patients with a permanent colostomy after radical surgery for rectal cancer depends on several factors. The absence of preoperative stoma site marking, inaccessibility of the rehabilitation service for colostomy patients in the region, and surgery emergency negatively affect the quality of life of this category of patients.
Gayb Âlemini Bilmenin İmkânı Üzerine Bir İnceleme
Authors: Gün Faruk
Published: May 2024

Kelâm ilmi, İslam düşüncesinde aklı, sağlam duyuları ve mütevâtir haberleri temel bilgi kaynakları olarak kabul eden ve gayb âlemi ile bilginin doğasını ele alan merkezi bir disiplindir. Bu ilim dalı, objektif ve evrensel bir bilgi anlayışını benimserken, gayb âlemi, sadece Allah'ın ilmiyle ve vahiy yoluyla erişilebilen bir konsept olarak kabul edilir. Çalışma, gayb âlemini bilmenin imkânları ve doğru bilgiye ulaşmanın yollarını incelerken, subjektif bilgi edinme yöntemleri ve kelâm ilmi açısından kabul edilebilir bilgi kaynakları üzerinde durur. Sağlam duyu organları, sahih haber ve akıl, sahih bilgi kaynakları olarak kabul edilirken, sihir ve büyü gibi gerçek dışı iddialar İslam'ın tevhid inancıyla çeliştiği için reddedilir. Çalışma, kelâm ilminin, İslam inancının temel kaynaklarına dayalı bir bilgi ve inanç sistemini nasıl kurduğunu gayb, gayb bilgisi, şehadet ve gayb alemi üzerinden ele alır.
Fatores associados ao estado nutricional de pacientes com Doença de Parkinson em um hospital de referência no Pará
Authors: Amaral Moraes Iolene , Pinto Natália , Campos Jamilie Suelen dos Prazeres , Pereira Cruz Thiago , Dias Fernandez Raissa , De Oliveira Carvalho Granado Santos Thaís
Published: May 2024

Introdução. A Doença de Parkinson (DP) é considerada a segunda doença neurodegenerativa mais prevalente, cursa com sintomas motores e não motores, dentre esses a disfagia, que compromete a deglutição, levando a hidratação e nutrição inadequadas. Objetivo. Identificar os fatores associados ao estado nutricional de pacientes com DP em um hospital de referência no Pará. Método. Estudo de abordagem quantitativa, de caráter descritivo e de corte transversal. Foram incluídos os pacientes diagnosticados com DP de ambos os sexos, na faixa etária ≥18 anos, e em atendimento no ambulatório do hospital Ophir Loyola em Belém-PA, e foram excluídos os pacientes diagnosticados com outras patologias neurológicas. A amostra foi calculada através de cálculo estatístico, os dados foram coletados através de um formulário eletrônico no google forms, e realizada análise estatística pelo teste de Correlação de Pearson e Teste G. Resultados. A pesquisa foi realizada com 60 participantes, sendo encontrada associação significante entre disfagia e os estágios de incapacidade da doença (p=0,0027), e correlação entre disfagia e idade (p=0,0005), a maioria dos pacientes possuíam estado nutricional de eutrofia (71,7%). Conclusão. Foi identificado que a disfagia possui alta relação com a DP, e quanto maior o estágio de incapacidade da doença, maior é o risco de disfagia, assim como o risco de disfagia é correlacionado com a idade, e quanto maior a idade, também é maior o risco de disfagia. Entretanto, não foram encontradas associações significativas destas variáveis com o estado nutricional.
SIMULATION OF THE COOLING PROCESS OF RAILWAYS UNDER NATURAL CONDITIONS
Authors: Neyman V. , Vorontsov D.
Published: May 2024

TThe relevance of the topic is confirmed by the increasing needs due to increased research of railway tracks in terms defined in millions of tons-kilometers; this affects the need to maintain the upper structure of the track (UST) in working condition. And it, in turn, depends on the technology and its observance when laying the railway track. At the same time, there is practically no technology that allows to increase the productivity and quality of work performed in the summer period, provided that the rail is located in the temperature range outside the permissible range. The article is devoted to the creation of a methodology for calculating the cooling process of a rail lash, determining its cooling time from an initial temperature of
70 °C to an ambient temperature of 35 °C under natural conditions (in air, without exposure to cooling sources). A method for calculating the unsteady two-dimensional temperature field of rail lashes during cooling is presented. To calculate the finite difference method, a program was written in the Visual Basic programming language, which was subsequently compared with SolidWorks Simulation. As a result of calculations, it was found out that its own software is not inferior to its foreign counterpart in the quality of reliability of the results obtained. It has also been established that the process taking place under the set conditions has a certain inertia and for some sites begins after a certain period of time. The calculated data were compared with each other using a graphical method.
METHODS OF CONSTRUCTION AND MODELING OF AN IN-LINE ROBOTIC COMPLEX
Authors: Zatonsky A. , Kuchev D. , Brylyakov A.
Published: May 2024

The high accident rate of pipeline transport of thermal networks and the oil and gas industry poses a great danger to the environment due to the lack of timely control of the inner tube surface, including sections of complex geometry. These include bends, inclined-vertical sections, sections with variable diameter cross-section. The methods of moving in-line diagnostic equipment using robotic devices are given. The problem of the lack of methods for constructing in-line robotic devices that would allow to build a correct sequence of design stages is considered. The purpose of the study is to develop a methodology for constructing and modeling an in-tube robotic complex for diagnosing pipelines of complex geometry, followed by theoretical and experimental confirmation of its applicability. The object of research is the design of an in-tube robotic complex, the subject of research are methods, algorithms, three-dimensional models for diagnosing pipelines of complex geometry. As a result, a technique for constructing an in-tube robotic complex for diagnosing pipelines of complex geometry was developed. The results of geometric analysis were obtained, where the design parameters with a conical-cylindrical shape with dimensions L3=555 mm, Hmax=172 mm, Hmin=116 mm allow to achieve a working volume for the arrangement of elements 23.4–36 % higher, in comparison with the classic design of the body shape. The modeling of the design of an in-tube robotic complex using an automated system is presented. Modeling and experimental movement of the structure in various pipeline diameters is performed in a section of complex geometry with a rotation angle of 90° and 180°, a rotation radius of 1.5D and a diameter of 200 mm, as well as a vertical section, the stress-strain state of the structure of the support non-drive support leg is calculated.
Densities of Eurasian Three-toed Woodpecker Picoides tridactylus and sap trees correlate across a latitudinal gradient in Sweden
Authors: Ferry Björn , Ekenstedt Johan , Green Martin
Published: May 2024

Mapping of sap rows on trees has been proposed to detect the easily overlooked Eurasian Three-toed Woodpecker Picoides tridactylus in boreal forests. Sap rows have a distinct appearance that can be detected in the bark for many years. While it is well-established that Eurasian Three-toed Woodpeckers make sap rows on coniferous trees, it is uncertain whether they also make sap rows on deciduous trees, such as birches (Betula sp.), or if these are made by other woodpecker species. We collated data on woodpecker abundance from the Swedish Bird Survey’s fixed route monitoring scheme and correlated this with data on sap tree abundance from systematic searches in three different parts of Sweden. Assuming that species-specific woodpecker behaviours are similar across Sweden, we suggest that Eurasian Three-toed Woodpeckers are responsible for the majority of sap rows on birches in the central and northern parts of Sweden, while Great Spotted Woodpeckers Dendrocopos major made the few sap rows found in southern Sweden and likely some of those further north. With that caveat in mind, our findings might be used to develop a more efficient method of mapping Eurasian Three-toed Woodpecker abundance in Sweden.
Anurans and their contribution to agriculture: a review
Authors: Tripathi Prashant , Rathaur Shivanshu , Antil Jyoti , Kanaujia Amita , Shukla Sanjive
Published: May 2024

Of the three extant amphibian orders, Anurans commonly known as frogs and toads are by far the most specious, diversified, and ubiquitous. Anurans are one of the most endangered groups of creatures on earth and perform a critical function in the ecology. The preservation of biodiversity, sustainable development and food security are all major goals of agroforestry. In dispersed agricultural environments, agricultural activities like paddy and rice fields may offer frogs a habitat and aid in their preservation. The long-term impacts of introducing frogs in rice yield and soil Phosphorus availability are largely underestimated and undervalued. Currently, the cultivation of rice paddy creates 11% of the anthropogenic CH4 (Methane) in the atmosphere, which can be regulated through the use of frogs. The frogs and toads are the bio-indicators of the environment. They consume bugs, weeds, and other harmful insects to keep their numbers in check. They also operate as a biological pest management and supply food for other creatures including birds, reptiles, and small mammals. The frog's waste increases the rice crops' access to nutrients and also has a fertilising effect. However, excessive pesticide usage and public ignorance about these species are causing the anuran population to decline rapidly.
Avaliação histopatológica do tecido cardíaco de ratas Wistar alcoólatras e/ou tabagistas crônicas
Authors: Reis Cleisla Caroline Maria , Santos Júnior Carlos Paulino dos , Pereira Matheus Lima , Rosa Rodrigo César , Etchebehere Renata Margarida , Moura Camilla Christian Gomes , Pereira Sanivia Aparecida de Lima
Published: May 2024

O etanol e o tabaco são drogas legalizadas, amplamente distribuídas e utilizadas na sociedade, mas provocam danos ao organismo, incluindo alterações cardíacas. Realizar avaliação histopatológica no coração de ratas Wistar submetidas à inalação passiva do tabaco e ao alcoolismo. Os animais foram distribuídos aleatoriamente em 4 grupos: Grupo C: grupo controle (n=8); Grupo T: grupo de ratas tabagistas (n=11); Grupo A: grupo de ratas alcoólatras (n=8); Grupo AT: grupo de ratas alcoólatras e tabagistas (n=10). Após indução do alcoolismo e tabagismo os animais foram eutanasiados e os corações foram processados histologicamente a fim de investigar processos patológicos como necrose, inflamação, fibrose e poliploidia. Para análise estatística foi utilizado o teste exato de Fisher (p<0,05). Não foram observados inflamação, congestão, degeneração, necrose, trombose ou infarto em nenhum dos folhetos cardíacos analisados. Foram observados fibrose e poliploidia, porém sem diferença estatística entre os grupos. Não foram observadas diferenças significativas com relação aos aspectos histopatológicos do coração no alcoolismo e/ou tabagismo provavelmente devido ao pouco tempo de exposição ao etanol e ao tabaco. Portanto, diante dos variados efeitos negativos à saúde cardiovascular do etanol e do tabaco, sugerimos que sejam realizados novos estudos, utilizando protocolos com maior tempo de exposição e/ou técnicas mais sensíveis às alterações cardíacas, a fim de se compreender melhor os mecanismos deletérios do etilismo e do tabagismo, bem como sugerir protocolos eficientes tanto para triagem das populações expostas, quanto para intervenções precoces, a fim possibilitar maior longevidade e qualidade de vida aos pacientes.
Desvendando a enxaqueca: explorando os complexos fatores por trás da dor
Authors: Cavalcante Thiago Arruda Prado , Silva Filho Daniel Rodrigues , Santos Daniel Carlos dos , Miranda Ana Laura Santana de , Macedo Alícia Giovana Barreto de , Cavalcante Neto Aroldo Arruda , Bonfim Daniel José Pimentel , Novato Raissa Lafaiete de Godoi Barbosa
Published: May 2024

A enxaqueca é uma condição neurológica crônica caracterizada por dores de cabeça recorrentes e debilitantes, frequentemente acompanhadas por sintomas como náuseas, sensibilidade à luz e ao som. Apesar de sua prevalência e impacto significativos na qualidade de vida, os mecanismos subjacentes à enxaqueca ainda não são completamente compreendidos. O objetivo deste estudo é investigar os diversos fatores que contribuem para a enxaqueca, incluindo aspectos genéticos, neurobiológicos, ambientais, psicológicos e comportamentais. Além disso, pretende-se discutir as implicações práticas desses achados para a prevenção, diagnóstico e tratamento da enxaqueca, bem como identificar lacunas no conhecimento existente que possam orientar futuras pesquisas. Este estudo trata-se de uma revisão narrativa da literatura. A pesquisa foi conduzida em bases de dados acadêmicas, como PubMed e Google Acadêmico, utilizando termos de busca relevantes para identificar estudos importantes. Os resultados destacam a complexidade da enxaqueca e a interação de múltiplos fatores na sua etiologia e expressão clínica. Evidências sugerem uma contribuição significativa de fatores genéticos, disfunções neurobiológicas, influências ambientais, estresse emocional e hábitos de vida na predisposição e desencadeamento de crises de enxaqueca. Além disso, esta revisão destaca a importância de uma abordagem multidisciplinar no manejo da enxaqueca, que integre estratégias farmacológicas, comportamentais e de estilo de vida. Em conclusão, a enxaqueca é uma condição complexa influenciada por uma variedade de fatores inter-relacionados. Uma compreensão abrangente desses fatores é essencial para melhorar o diagnóstico, tratamento e prevenção da enxaqueca, visando melhorar a qualidade de vida dos pacientes afetados por essa condição incapacitante.
A involução dos terceiros molares humanos: uma revisão integrativa
Authors: Leal Beatriz da Silva , Soares Helena Maria Coimbra , Cruz Maria Eduarda de Freitas Sampaio , Almeida Matheus Santana de , Santana Ivone Lima
Published: May 2024

O ser humano moderno está em constante evolução em suas estruturas biológicas, as quais são selecionadas as mais vantajosas para a espécie, todavia, os terceiros molares humanos (TMHs) se apresentam como possíveis estruturas orgânicas que estão regredindo em função e presença ao longo do tempo, mediante impactações e agenesias, respectivamente. O objetivo desta revisão foi demonstrar se a evolução regressiva ou involução dos TMHs é uma realidade, ao apresentar possíveis causas e efeitos desse fenômeno. Trata-se de uma revisão integrativa da literatura. A pergunta norteadora adotada neste artigo foi: A involução dos terceiros molares humanos é uma realidade? A busca na literatura iniciou no mês de janeiro de 2024 nas bases de dados BVS, PUBMED e de Periódicos com corte temporal de 2014 a 2024. Os descritores foram extraídos das plataformas DECS e MESH, sendo incluídos artigos científicos nos idiomas português Brasil e inglês, trabalhos disponíveis na íntegra, e de acordo com o objetivo proposto, foram excluídos relatos de caso patológico ou estudos de contribuição cirúrgica. Os 5 artigos verificaram que o número, tamanho dos TMHs e das arcadas estão em descendência mediante o padrão alimentar e prioridade de desenvolvimento craniofacial, ao refletir-se na falha eruptiva associada a cistos, pericoronarites recorrentes, cáries, reabsorção do segundo molar e dor; além da ausência de calcificação. Conclui-se que a evolução regressiva dos TMHs é uma realidade que se potencializa e se evidencia por meio da agenesia e da impactação crescentes, desde estudos arqueológicos até estudos de prevalência modernos, com variadas origens e efeitos humanos.
Avaliação da correlação entre a saúde bucal e o estado nutricional de idosos institucionalizados e da comunidade
Authors: Silva Beatriz Hilário da , Rezende Bianca Lima , Oliveira Marcela Pereira , Condé Simone Aparecida Probst
Published: May 2024

O envelhecimento faz com que ocorra alterações ambientais, biológicas e sociais no perfil nutricional da população idosa, interferindo na ingestão alimentar e tendo como consequências, alteração da mastigação, déficit nutricional e prejuízo na socialização do indivíduo. O presente estudo tem por objetivo avaliar a correlação entre a saúde bucal e o risco nutricional de indivíduos em ambiente ambulatorial e institucionalizados. Foi realizado um estudo transversal com delineamento da amostra por conveniência não probabilístico, com 80 indivíduos, realizado na Clínica Integrada do Idoso, do curso de Odontologia do UNIFAA e indivíduos moradores do Asilo dos Idosos, uma instituição de longa permanência na cidade de Valença/RJ. Foi aplicado o instrumento de Avaliação da Saúde Bucal para Triagem Odontológica (ASBTO) e, para avaliação do estado nutricional dos indivíduos, foi aplicado a versão reduzida da Avaliação Nutricional (MNA). Tanto na instituição, quanto na comunidade, o sexo feminino prevaleceu entre os grupos e houve diferenças nas médias do IMC médio, estado nutricional e, principalmente, do escore de saúde bucal. Para análise estatística dos dados, foi utilizado o teste Qui-quadrado independente. Os idosos institucionalizados apresentaram um risco de desnutrição maior e estado de saúde bucal deficiente comparados aos indivíduos da comunidade. Os resultados sugerem que a saúde bucal e o estado nutricional não estão intrinsicamente associados, apesar de uma taxa elevada de sobrepeso nessa faixa etária, sendo indicativo de uma má nutrição.
Hipotermia associada à anestesia geral e fatores de risco envolvidos: uma revisão integrativa
Authors: Gondra Raphael Santovito , Oliveira Italo Yago Cardoso de , Pereira Larissa Brito , Mendes Pedro Candido Pereira , Carneiro Livia Caroline de Oliveira , Meira Othon Trevisan , Simão Murilo Marques , Miarelli Maria Eduarda , Godoi Mateus Luiz de , Hosokawa Giovana Mayumi de Arruda , Silva Julierme Aparecido da , Santos Bruna Bastiani dos , Adolfo Yuri Nakano
Published: May 2024

INTRODUÇÃO:A hipotermia intraoperatória é definida como a temperatura central menor que 36°C, em pacientes com anestesia geral. Essa situação frequentemente está associada com fatores adversos como infecção pós-operatória, eventos cardiovasculares, hemorragia perioperatória e necessidade de transfusão. OBJETIVOS: Avaliar a hipotermia pós anestesia geral e elucidar os fatores de risco associados. METODOLOGIA: Trata-se de uma revisão integrativa na base de dados PUBMED utilizando os descritores “RISK AND HYPOTHERMIA AND ANESTHESIA AND GENERAL’’ para artigos publicados entre 2019 e 2024. RESULTADOS: A hipotermia intraoperatória (HI) possui uma prevalência de 39,8%, os neonatos e lactentes são estatisticamente mais associados à HI. Fatores como a temperatura ambiente do centro cirúrgico inferior a 26°C e a administração de mais de 1 litro de líquido ao paciente durante a cirurgia são fatores preditivos à hipotermia. Por outro lado, pacientes que possuem idade mais avançada (>66 anos) apresentam baixo limiar de vasoconstrição, facilitando diretamente a instalação do quadro hipotérmico nessa faixa etária. Além disso, o grau da cirurgia e complicações prévias como baixa temperatura corporal pré-operatória e combinação de anestesias locais e regionais também possuem grande significância na HI. CONCLUSÃO: A hipotermia apresenta alta prevalência nas cirurgias com anestesia geral, sendo os neonatos e lactantes os mais afetados. Cuidados pré-operatórios são fundamentais na prevenção.