bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Breast Cancer Multi-classification from Histopathological Images with Structured Deep Learning Model
Authors: Han Zhongyi , Wei Benzheng , Zheng Yuanjie , Yin Yilong , Li Kejian , Li Shuo
Published: June 2017

Automated breast cancer multi-classification from histopathological images plays a key role in computer-aided breast cancer diagnosis or prognosis. Breast cancer multi-classification is to identify subordinate classes of breast cancer (Ductal carcinoma, Fibroadenoma, Lobular carcinoma, etc.). However, breast cancer multi-classification from histopathological images faces two main challenges from: (1) the great difficulties in breast cancer multi-classification methods contrasting with the classification of binary classes (benign and malignant), and (2) the subtle differences in multiple classes due to the broad variability of high-resolution image appearances, high coherency of cancerous cells, and extensive inhomogeneity of color distribution. Therefore, automated breast cancer multi-classification from histopathological images is of great clinical significance yet has never been explored. Existing works in literature only focus on the binary classification but do not support further breast cancer quantitative assessment. In this study, we propose a breast cancer multi-classification method using a newly proposed deep learning model. The structured deep learning model has achieved remarkable performance (average 93.2% accuracy) on a large-scale dataset, which demonstrates the strength of our method in providing an efficient tool for breast cancer multi-classification in clinical settings.
Homing of Cultured Endothelial Progenitor Cells and Their Effect on Traumatic Brain Injury in Rat Model
Authors: Guo Xin-bin , Deng Xin , Wei Ying
Published: June 2017

Transplanted endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) may play an important role in reestablishing the endothelial integrity of the vessels after brain injury, and contribute to neurogenesis. We, therefore, tested the homing of ex vivo cultured peripheral blood-derived EPCs and their effect on injured brain tissue after intravenous administration. To track the homing of implanted EPCs in injured brain tissues, EPCs were labeled with DAPI and BrdU in vitro before transplantation. EPCs were transplanted into the host animal through peripheral administration through the femoral vein, and homing of EPCs was evaluated. The integration of intravenously injected EPCs into the injured brain tissue was demonstrated. Immunohistochemical staining showed that microvessel density in the perifocal region of EPCs-transplanted rats was significantly increased, and the numbers of BrdU+ cells in the DG of subventricular zone were increased in EPCs-transplanted rats as compared to the control group. Transplanted EPCs may play an important role in reestablishing the endothelial integrity in the vessels after brain injury and further contribute to neurogenesis. EPCs enhanced recovery following brain injury in a rat model of TBI.
Upregulate KIF4A Enhances Proliferation, Invasion of Hepatocellular Carcinoma and Indicates poor prognosis Across Human Cancer Types
Authors: Hou Guojun , Dong Chuanpeng , Dong Zihui , Liu Gang , Xu Huilin , Chen Lei , Liu Lei , Wang Hongyang , Zhou Weiping
Published: June 2017

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most aggressive and heterogeneous cancers worldwide. Herein, we demonstrate KIF4A (Chromosome-associated kinesin KIF4A) as a potential biomarker, is up-regulated in most samples of HCC. The expression level of KIF4A in tumor tissue is significantly associated with the survival time, and a significant correlation between KIF4A expression and clinical information stage, metastasis and tumor dimension was observed. We further measured the proliferation and migration ability of two HCC cell lines, HCC-LM3 and PLC/PRF/5, following KIF4A-siRNA transfection. Knocking down of KIF4A significantly reduced migration and proliferation ability. Moreover, we also measured the proliferation and migration ability of two HCC cell lines through KIF4A overexpression, and found that KIF4A overexpression could enhance migration and proliferation ability, indicating that KIF4A exhibits oncogenic effects. Besides, study based on TCGA cohorts also reveals high KIF4A mRNA expression are significantly associated with shorter overall survival in multiple cancer types. Gene sets enrichment analysis exhibited that cell cycle related pathways and p53 signaling pathways to be top altered pathways of in KIF4A-high expression group in HCC, suggesting the potential role of KIF4A in mediating tumor initiation and progression. In summary, our work identified KIF4A as a potential predictive and prognostic marker for hepatocellular carcinoma.
Comparative NanoUPLC-MSE analysis between magainin I-susceptible and -resistant Escherichia coli strains
Authors: Cardoso Marlon H. , de Almeida Keyla C. , Cândido Elizabete de S. , Murad André M. , Dias Simoni C. , Franco Octávio L.
Published: June 2017

In recent years the antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) have been prospected and designed as new alternatives to conventional antibiotics. Indeed, AMPs have presented great potential toward pathogenic bacterial strains by means of complex mechanisms of action. However, reports have increasingly emerged regarding the mechanisms by which bacteria resist AMP administration. In this context, we performed a comparative proteomic study by using the total bacterial lysate of magainin I-susceptible and –resistant E. coli strains. After nanoUPLC-MSE analyses we identified 742 proteins distributed among the experimental groups, and 25 proteins were differentially expressed in the resistant strains. Among them 10 proteins involved in bacterial resistance, homeostasis, nutrition and protein transport were upregulated, while 15 proteins related to bacterial surface modifications, genetic information and β-lactams binding-protein were downregulated. Moreover, 60 exclusive proteins were identified in the resistant strains, among which biofilm and cell wall formation and multidrug efflux pump proteins could be observed. Thus, differentially from previous studies that could only associate single proteins to AMP bacterial resistance, data here reported show that several metabolic pathways may be related to E. coli resistance to AMPs, revealing the crucial role of multiple “omics” studies in order to elucidate the global molecular mechanisms involved in this resistance.
Effect of dietary advanced glycation end products on inflammation and cardiovascular risks in healthy overweight adults: a randomised crossover trial
Authors: Baye Estifanos , de Courten Maximilian PJ , Walker Karen , Ranasinha Sanjeeva , Earnest Arul , Forbes Josephine M , de Courten Barbora
Published: June 2017

Diets high in advanced glycation end products (AGEs) are thought to be detrimental to cardiovascular health. However, there remains uncertainty about the beneficial effect of a low AGE diet on cardiovascular risk factors and inflammatory markers in overweight individuals. We thus performed a randomised, double blind, crossover trial to determine whether consumption of low AGE diets reduce inflammation and cardiovascular risks in overweight and obese otherwise healthy adults. All participants (n = 20) consumed low and high AGE diets alternately for two weeks and separated by a four week washout period. Low AGE diets did not change systolic (p = 0.2) and diastolic blood pressure (p = 0.3), mean arterial pressure (p = 0.8) and pulse pressure (p = 0.2) compared to high AGE diets. Change in total cholesterol (p = 0.3), low-density lipoprotein (p = 0.7), high-density lipoprotein (p = 0.2), and triglycerides (p = 0.4) also did not differ and there was no difference in inflammatory markers: interleukin-6 (p = 0.6), monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (p = 0.9), tumour necrosis factor α (p = 0.2), C-reactive protein (p = 0.6) and nuclear factor kappa beta (p = 0.2). These findings indicate that consumption of low AGE diets for two weeks did not improve the inflammatory and cardiovascular profiles of overweight and obese adults.
Optical coherence microscopy as a novel, non-invasive method for the 4D live imaging of early mammalian embryos
Authors: Karnowski Karol , Ajduk Anna , Wieloch Bartosz , Tamborski Szymon , Krawiec Krzysztof , Wojtkowski Maciej , Szkulmowski Maciej
Published: June 2017

Imaging of living cells based on traditional fluorescence and confocal laser scanning microscopy has delivered an enormous amount of information critical for understanding biological processes in single cells. However, the requirement for a high numerical aperture and fluorescent markers still limits researchers’ ability to visualize the cellular architecture without causing short- and long-term photodamage. Optical coherence microscopy (OCM) is a promising alternative that circumvents the technical limitations of fluorescence imaging techniques and provides unique access to fundamental aspects of early embryonic development, without the requirement for sample pre-processing or labeling. In the present paper, we utilized the internal motion of cytoplasm, as well as custom scanning and signal processing protocols, to effectively reduce the speckle noise typical for standard OCM and enable high-resolution intracellular time-lapse imaging. To test our imaging system we used mouse and pig oocytes and embryos and visualized them through fertilization and the first embryonic division, as well as at selected stages of oogenesis and preimplantation development. Because all morphological and morphokinetic properties recorded by OCM are believed to be biomarkers of oocyte/embryo quality, OCM may represent a new chapter in imaging-based preimplantation embryo diagnostics.
Deformation pattern in vibrating microtubule: Structural mechanics study based on an atomistic approach
Authors: Havelka Daniel , Deriu Marco A. , Cifra Michal , Kučera Ondřej
Published: June 2017

The mechanical properties of microtubules are of great importance for understanding their biological function and for applications in artificial devices. Although microtubule mechanics has been extensively studied both theoretically and experimentally, the relation to its molecular structure is understood only partially. Here, we report on the structural analysis of microtubule vibration modes calculated by an atomistic approach. Molecular dynamics was applied to refine the atomic structure of a microtubule and a C
α
elastic network model was analyzed for its normal modes. We mapped fluctuations and local deformations up to the level of individual aminoacid residues. The deformation is mode-shape dependent and principally different in α-tubulins and β-tubulins. Parts of the tubulin dimer sequence responding specifically to longitudinal and radial stress are identified. We show that substantial strain within a microtubule is located both in the regions of contact between adjacent dimers and in the body of tubulins. Our results provide supportive evidence for the generally accepted assumption that the mechanics of microtubules, including its anisotropy, is determined by the bonds between tubulins.
Ribosome RNA Profiling to Quantify Ovarian Development and Identify Sex in Fish
Authors: Shen Zhi-Gang , Yao Hong , Guo Liang , Li Xiao-Xia , Wang Han-Ping
Published: June 2017

Terminologies of ovary development, by somewhat subjective describing and naming main changes of oocytes, have been criticized for confusing and inconsistency of terms and classifications, and the incurred consequences impede communication among researchers. In the present work, we developed regression between ovary development and three ribosome RNA (rRNA) indexes, namely 5S rRNA percent, 18S rRNA percent, and 5S–18S rRNA ratio, using close relationship between volume percent of primary growth stage oocytes or gonadosomatic index and rRNA content, demonstrating species-specific quantification of ovary development can be established in species with either synchronous and asynchronous oogenesis. This approach may be extended to any species with primary growth oocytes, e.g. anurans and reptiles, to predict maturity stages in females. We further confirmed that 5S rRNA percent and 5S/18S rRNA ratio can serve as markers to distinguish sexes unambiguously. A micro-invasive sampling method may be invented for non-lethal prediction of ovary development and sex because only a small amount of ovary sample (<50 mg) is needed for the approach established in the current work. Researchers who work with ovary RNA-seq in these taxa should realize that insufficient depletion of rRNA will probably lead to incorrect quantification of gene expression and inaccurate conclusions.
MicroRNA-148 as a negative regulator of the common TLR adaptor mediates inflammatory response in teleost fish
Authors: Chu Qing , Gao Yunhang , Bi Dekun , Xu Tianjun
Published: June 2017

MicroRNAs are small endogenous noncoding RNAs implicating in the regulation of diverse biological processes, including proliferation, differentiation, cancer, apoptosis, and viral infections. MicroRNAs regulate gene expression by either mRNA degradation or inhibition of protein translation. Although microRNAs have emerged as important controller involved in regulation of inflammatory response, the microRNA-mediated regulatory mechanism remains less clear in teleost. Here, we report that miR-148 targets MyD88 and down-regulates its expression by inhibition protein translation rather than degradation mRNA in miiuy croaker. Additionally, we found that miR-148 was significantly upregulated in miiuy croaker after treated with Vibro harveyi, as well as LPS. Overexpression of miR-148 inhibited LPS-induced inflammatory cytokines production, such as IL-6 and IL-1β, which then avoid excessive inflammation response. miR-148 has also been identified to suppress NF-κB pathway through targeting and repressing MyD88 expression. Taken together, our findings indicate that miR-148 participates in bacteria-induced inflammatory response and act as a negative regulator for MyD88-mediated NF-κB signaling, which may clarify the mechanism of microRNAs for avoiding excessive inflammation in teleost fish.
Comprehensive investigation of temporal and autism-associated cell type composition-dependent and independent gene expression changes in human brains
Authors: Yu Qianhui , He Zhisong
Published: June 2017

The functions of human brains highly depend on the precise temporal regulation of gene expression, and the temporal brain transcriptome profile across lifespan has been observed. The substantial transcriptome alteration in neural disorders like autism has also been observed and is thought to be important for the pathology. While the cell type composition is known to be variable in brains, it remains unclear how it contributes to the temporal and pathological transcriptome changes in brains. Here, we applied a transcriptome deconvolution procedure to an age series RNA-seq dataset of healthy and autism samples, to quantify the contribution of cell type composition in shaping the temporal and autism pathological transcriptome in human brains. We estimated that composition change was the primary factor of both types of transcriptome changes. On the other hand, genes with substantial composition-independent expression changes were also observed in both cases. Those temporal and autism pathological composition-independent changes, many of which are related to synaptic functions, indicate the important intracellular regulatory changes in human brains in both processes.
Surface bioactivation through the nanostructured layer on titanium modified by facile HPT treatment
Authors: Guo Zhijun , Jiang Nan , Chen Chen , Zhu Songsong , Zhang Li , Li Yubao
Published: June 2017

Facile fabrication of nanostructured surface is of great importance for the use of titanium (Ti) implants in biomedical field. In this study, a low-cost and easy-to-operate method called HPT (hydrothermal & pressure) here has been developed and used to fabricate the expected nanostructured surface on Ti substrates. The effects of experimental parameters on the morphology of Ti surface were investigated and characterized. The results indicated that by altering the hydrothermal pressure, NaOH concentration and treating time, surface nanostructure like nanopetals or nanoflakes could be formed on the surface of Ti substrates. The orthogonal experiments were conducted to demonstrate the optimized operation conditions. A formation mechanism of the nanostructured titanate layer was proposed, revealing that the nanostructured layer could be formed via a special upward and downward co-growth manner. In vitro cell culture showed that the HPT treated Ti substrates, especially the T-10 sample, could greatly enhance the cell-material interactions, i.e. the cell proliferation and differentiation, focal protein adhesion, and osteogenic factor expression. The HPT method paves a new way to modify the surface of Ti implants with better bioactivity and promising prospect for future biomedical applications.
Angiotensin II synergizes with BAFF to promote atheroprotective regulatory B cells
Authors: Ponnuswamy Padmapriya , Joffre Jeremie , Herbin Olivier , Esposito Bruno , Laurans Ludivine , Binder Christoph J. , Tedder Thomas F. , Zeboudj Lynda , Loyer Xavier , Giraud Andreas , Zhang Yujiao , Tedgui Alain , Mallat Ziad , Ait-Oufella Hafid
Published: June 2017

Angiotensin II (AngII) promotes hypertension, atherogenesis, vascular aneurysm and impairs post-ischemic cardiac remodeling through concerted roles on vascular cells, monocytes and T lymphocytes. However, the role of AngII in B lymphocyte responses is largely unexplored. Here, we show that chronic B cell depletion (Baffr deficiency) significantly reduces atherosclerosis in Apoe−/− mice infused with AngII. While adoptive transfer of B cells in Apoe−/−/Baffr−/− mice reversed atheroprotection in the absence of AngII, infusion of AngII in B cell replenished Apoe−/−/Baffr−/− mice unexpectedly prevented the progression of atherosclerosis. Atheroprotection observed in these mice was associated with a significant increase in regulatory CD1dhiCD5+ B cells, which produced high levels of interleukin (IL)-10 (B10 cells). Replenishment of Apoe−/−/Baffr−/− mice with Il10−/− B cells reversed AngII-induced B cell-dependent atheroprotection, thus highlighting a protective role of IL-10+ regulatory B cells in this setting. Transfer of AngII type 1A receptor deficient (Agtr1a−/−) B cells into Apoe−/−/Baffr−/− mice substantially reduced the production of IL-10 by B cells and prevented the AngII-dependent atheroprotective B cell phenotype. Consistent with the in vivo data, AngII synergized with BAFF to induce IL-10 production by B cells in vitro via AngII type 1A receptor. Our data demonstrate a previously unknown synergy between AngII and BAFF in inducing IL-10 production by B cells, resulting in atheroprotection.
Size Dependent Uptake and Hemolytic Effect of Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles on Erythrocytes and Biomedical Potential of ZnO-Ferulic acid Conjugates
Authors: Preedia Babu E. , Subastri A. , Suyavaran A. , Premkumar K. , Sujatha V. , Aristatile B. , Alshammari Ghedeir M. , Dharuman V. , Thirunavukkarasu C.
Published: June 2017

Despite zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnONPs) being increasingly used as carriers in biomedical fields due to their multifaceted properties and therapeutic importance, better understanding of the mechanisms and cellular consequences resulting from their interaction with cells and cellular components has been warranted. In the present study, we investigate the size-dependent interaction of ZnONPs on RBCs, and its impact on cell viability, DNA damage, ROS generation and morphological changes, employing cellular and analytical methods. Size, charge, stability and solubility were confirmed by DLS, zeta potential, ICP-AES and TEM analysis. Further ICP-AES, TEM, spectroscopic observations and cell based assays showed that ZnONPs exhibited a size dependent impact on RBCs and haemoglobin (Hb), particularly size <50 nm. Conversely, ferulic acid (FA) conjugates and serum albumin significantly reduced the adverse effects exhibited by ZnONPs. The extent of DNA damage and ROS generation is comparatively low in ZnONPs-FA than in ZnONPs alone treated cells. Thus our study documents a novel conceptualization delineating the influence of size on the material properties and therapeutic potential of nanoparticle.
Regular exercise participation improves genomic stability in diabetic patients: an exploratory study to analyse telomere length and DNA damage
Authors: Dimauro Ivan , Sgura Antonella , Pittaluga Monica , Magi Fiorenza , Fantini Cristina , Mancinelli Rosa , Sgadari Antonio , Fulle Stefania , Caporossi Daniela
Published: June 2017

Physical activity has been demonstrated to be effective in the prevention and treatment of different chronic conditions, including type 2 diabetes (T2D). In particular, several studies highlighted how the beneficial effects of physical activity may be related to the stability of the DNA molecule, such as longer telomeric ends. Here we analyze the effect of exercise training on telomere length, spontaneous and H2O2-induced DNA damage, as well as the apoptosis level in leukocytes from untrained or trained T2D patients vs. age-matched control subjects (CS) (57–66 years). Moreover, expression analysis of selected genes belonging to DNA repair systems, cell cycle control, antioxidant and defence systems was performed. Subjects that participated in a regular exercise program showed a longer telomere sequence than untrained counterparts. Moreover, ex vivo treatment of leukocytes with H2O2 highlighted that: (1) oxidative DNA damage induced similar telomere attrition in all groups; (2) in T2D subjects, physical activity seemed to prevent a significant increase of genomic oxidative DNA damage induced by chronic exposure to pro-oxidant stimulus, and (3) decreased the sensitivity of leukocytes to apoptosis. Finally, the gene expression analysis in T2D subjects suggested an adaptive response to prolonged exercise training that improved the response of specific genes.
Universal framework for edge controllability of complex networks
Authors: Pang Shao-Peng , Wang Wen-Xu , Hao Fei , Lai Ying-Cheng
Published: June 2017

Dynamical processes occurring on the edges in complex networks are relevant to a variety of real-world situations. Despite recent advances, a framework for edge controllability is still required for complex networks of arbitrary structure and interaction strength. Generalizing a previously introduced class of processes for edge dynamics, the switchboard dynamics, and exploit- ing the exact controllability theory, we develop a universal framework in which the controllability of any node is exclusively determined by its local weighted structure. This framework enables us to identify a unique set of critical nodes for control, to derive analytic formulas and articulate efficient algorithms to determine the exact upper and lower controllability bounds, and to evaluate strongly structural controllability of any given network. Applying our framework to a large number of model and real-world networks, we find that the interaction strength plays a more significant role in edge controllability than the network structure does, due to a vast range between the bounds determined mainly by the interaction strength. Moreover, transcriptional regulatory networks and electronic circuits are much more strongly structurally controllable (SSC) than other types of real-world networks, directed networks are more SSC than undirected networks, and sparse networks are typically more SSC than dense networks.
Human Sialidase Neu3 is S-Acylated and Behaves Like an Integral Membrane Protein
Authors: Rodriguez-Walker Macarena , Daniotti Jose L.
Published: June 2017

Membrane-bound sialidase Neu3 is involved in the catabolism of glycoconjugates, and plays crucial roles in numerous biological processes. Since the mechanism of its association with membranes is still not completely understood, the aim of this work was to provide further information regarding this aspect. Human Neu3 was found to be associated with the plasma membrane and endomembranes, and it was not released from the lipid bilayer under conditions that typically release peripheral membrane proteins. By different experimental approaches, we demonstrated that its C-terminus is exposed to the cytosol while another portion of the protein is exposed to the extracellular space, suggesting that Neu3 possesses the features of a transmembrane protein. However, in silico analysis and homology modeling predicted that the sialidase does not contain any α-helical transmembrane segment and shares the same β-propeller fold typical of viral and bacterial sialidases. Additionally, we found that Neu3 is S-acylated. Since this post-translational modification is restricted to the cytosolic side of membranes, this finding strongly supports the idea that Neu3 may contain a cytosolic-exposed domain. Although it remains to be determined exactly how this sialidase crosses the lipid bilayer, this study provides new insights about membrane association and topology of Neu3.
Complete mitochondrial genome of Clistocoeloma sinensis (Brachyura: Grapsoidea): Gene rearrangements and higher-level phylogeny of the Brachyura
Authors: Xin Zhao-Zhe , Liu Yu , Zhang Dai-Zhen , Chai Xin-Yue , Wang Zheng-Fei , Zhang Hua-Bin , Zhou Chun-Lin , Tang Bo-Ping , Liu Qiu-Ning
Published: June 2017

Deciphering the animal mitochondrial genome (mitogenome) is very important to understand their molecular evolution and phylogenetic relationships. In this study, the complete mitogenome of Clistocoeloma sinensis was determined. The mitogenome of C. sinensis was 15,706 bp long, and its A+T content was 75.7%. The A+T skew of the mitogenome of C. sinensis was slightly negative (−0.020). All the transfer RNA genes had the typical cloverleaf structure, except for the trnS1 gene, which lacked a dihydroxyuridine arm. The two ribosomal RNA genes had 80.2% A+T content. The A+T-rich region spanned 684 bp. The gene order within the complete mitogenome of C. sinensis was identical to the pancrustacean ground pattern except for the translocation of trnH. Additionally, the gene order of trnI-trnQ-trnM in the pancrustacean ground pattern becomes trnQ-trnI-trnM in C. sinensis. Our phylogenetic analysis showed that C. sinensis and Sesarmops sinensis cluster together with high nodal support values, indicating that C. sinensis and S. sinensis have a sister group relationship. The results support that C. sinensis belongs to Grapsoidea, Sesarmidae. Our findings also indicate that Varunidae and Sesarmidae species share close relationships. Thus, mitogenomes are likely to be valuable tools for systematics in other groups of Crustacea.
Hyperspectral Imaging for Presymptomatic Detection of Tobacco Disease with Successive Projections Algorithm and Machine-learning Classifiers
Authors: Zhu Hongyan , Chu Bingquan , Zhang Chu , Liu Fei , Jiang Linjun , He Yong
Published: June 2017

We investigated the feasibility and potentiality of presymptomatic detection of tobacco disease using hyperspectral imaging, combined with the variable selection method and machine-learning classifiers. Images from healthy and TMV-infected leaves with 2, 4, and 6 days post infection were acquired by a pushbroom hyperspectral reflectance imaging system covering the spectral range of 380–1023 nm. Successive projections algorithm was evaluated for effective wavelengths (EWs) selection. Four texture features, including contrast, correlation, entropy, and homogeneity were extracted according to grey-level co-occurrence matrix (GLCM). Additionally, different machine-learning algorithms were developed and compared to detect and classify disease stages with EWs, texture features and data fusion respectively. The performance of chemometric models with data fusion manifested better results with classification accuracies of calibration and prediction all above 80% than those only using EWs or texture features; the accuracies were up to 95% employing back propagation neural network (BPNN), extreme learning machine (ELM), and least squares support vector machine (LS-SVM) models. Hence, hyperspectral imaging has the potential as a fast and non-invasive method to identify infected leaves in a short period of time (i.e. 48 h) in comparison to the reference images (5 days for visible symptoms of infection, 11 days for typical symptoms).
The relation between residual stress, interfacial structure and the joint property in the SiO2f/SiO2-Nb joints
Authors: Ma Qiang , Li Zhuo Ran , Yang Lai Shan , Lin Jing Huang , Ba Jin , Wang Ze Yu , Qi Jun Lei , Feng Ji Cai
Published: June 2017

In order to achieve a high-quality joint between SiO2f/SiO2 and metals, it is necessary to address the poor wettability of SiO2f/SiO2 and the high residual stress in SiO2f/SiO2-Nb joint. Here, we simultaneously realize good wettability and low residual stress in SiO2f/SiO2-Nb joint by combined method of HF etching treatment and Finite Element Analysis (FEA). After etching treatment, the wettability of E-SiO2f/SiO2 was improved, and the residual stress in the joint was decreased. In order to better control the quality of joints, efforts were made to understand the relationship between surface structure of E-SiO2f/SiO2 and residual stress in joint using FEA. Based on the direction of FEA results, a relationship between residual stress, surface structure and joint property in the brazed joints were investigated by experiments. As well the FEA and the brazing test results both realized the high-quality joint of E-SiO2f/SiO2-Nb and the shear strength of the joint reached 61.9 MPa.
Herbal medicine Yinchenhaotang protects against α-naphthylisothiocyanate-induced cholestasis in rats
Authors: Yan Jingyu , Xie Guoxiang , Liang Chungeng , Hu Yiyang , Zhao Aihua , Huang Fengjie , Hu Ping , Liu Ping , Jia Wei , Wang Xiaoning
Published: June 2017

Cholestasis is a clinical disorder defined as an impairment of bile flow, and that leads to toxic bile acid (BA) accumulation in hepatocytes. Here, we investigated the hepatoprotective effect of Yinchenhaotang (YCHT), a well-known formulae for the treatment of jaundice and liver disorders, against the cholestasis using the α-naphthylisothiocyanate (ANIT)-induced cholestasis in male Wistar rats. ANIT feeding induced significant cholestasis with substantially increased intrahepatic retention of hydrophobic BAs. The dynamic changes of serum and liver BAs indicated that YCHT was able to attenuate ANIT-induced BA perturbation, which is consistent with the histopathological findings that YCHT significantly decreased the liver damage. YCHT treatment substantially reduced serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT), alkaline phosphatase (AST), total bilirubin (TBIL) and direct bilirubin (DBIL) with minimal bile duct damage in the ANIT treated rats. Elevated mRNA expression of liver IL-6, IL-17A, IL-17F, TGF-β1, α-SMA, TGR5, NTCP, OATP1a1, and ileum ASBT and decreased liver IL-10, FXR, CAR, VDR, BSEP, MRP2, MRP3, MRP4 was also observed in ANIT-induced cholestasis but were attenuated or normalized by YCHT. Our results demonstrated that the BA profiles were significantly altered with ANIT intervention and YCHT possesses the hepatoprotective potential against cholestatic liver injury induced by hepatotoxin such as ANIT.
Phylogenetic constrains on Polyporus umbellatus-Armillaria associations
Authors: Xing Xiaoke , Men Jinxin , Guo Shunxing
Published: June 2017

It has been well established that some Armillaria species are symbionts of Polyporus umbellatus, However, little is known about the evolutionary history of P. umbellatus-Armillaria associations. In this research, we used an analysis based on the strength of the phylogenetic signal to investigate P. umbellatus-Armillaria associations in 57 sclerotial samples across 11 provinces of China. We isolated Armillaria strains from the invasion cavity inside the sclerotia of P. umbellatus and then phylogenetically analyzed these Armillaria isolates. We also tested the effect of P. umbellatus and Armillaria phylogenies on the P. umbellatus-Armillaria associations. We isolated forty-seven Armillaria strains from 26 P. umbellatus sclerotial samples. All Armillaria isolates were classified into the 5 phylogenetic lineages found in China except for one singleton. Among the 5 phylogenetic lineages, one lineage (lineage 8) was recognized by delimitation of an uncertain phylogenetic lineage in previous study. Results of simple Mantel test implied that phylogenetically related P. umbellatus populations tend to interact with phylogenetically related Armillaria species. Phylogenetic network analyses revealed that the interaction between P. umbellatus and Armillaria is significantly influenced by the phylogenetic relationships between the Armillaria species.
Fabrication of nitrogen-doped nano-onions and their electrocatalytic activity toward the oxygen reduction reaction
Authors: Choi E. Y. , Kim C. K.
Published: June 2017

Nitrogen-doped nano-onions (NNO) were prepared as electrocatalytic materials for the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR). The nano-onions (NO), spherical graphitic material particles, were prepared by pyrolysis of nanodiamonds (ND). Oxidized NO (ONO) was prepared from NO by a modified Hummers’ method, and this was mixed with urea, followed by pyrolysis, resulting in the formation of NNO. The nitrogen content and molar ratio of nitrogen-containing groups in the NNOs were varied by controlling the oxygen content of ONO to explore the effect of nitrogen content on the ORR activity. The formation of NO was confirmed by Raman spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction analysis, and high-resolution transmission electron microscopy. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy analyses were conducted to confirm the formation of the NNO and the structures of the nitrogen-containing groups in the NNOs. The ORR activities of the NNOs were investigated using a rotating disk electrode. The NNOs showed a higher onset potential than that of NO, and the ORR activity of the NNO could be improved by increasing the number of active sites (nitrogen-containing groups) in the NNO. In addition, the NNO exhibited better long-term stability and resistance toward methanol crossover in the ORR than the platinum-based catalysts.
Correction: Corrigendum: A proteinaceous organic matrix regulates carbonate mineral production in the marine teleost intestine
Authors: Schauer Kevin L. , LeMoine Christophe M. R. , Pelin Adrian , Corradi Nicolas , McDonald M. Danielle , Warren Wesley C. , Grosell Martin
Published: June 2017

Scientific Reports 6: Article number: 34494; published online: 03 October 2016; updated: 19 June 2017 M. Danielle McDonald was omitted from the author list in the original version of this Article. This has been corrected in the PDF and HTML versions of the Article, as well as the Supplementary Information file that accompanies the Article.
Discriminating forchlorfenuron-treated kiwifruits using a portable spectrometer and Vis/NIR diffuse transmittance spectroscopy technology
Authors: Liu Dayang , Li Qianqian , Li Weiqiang , Yang Biao , Guo Wenchuan
Published: June 2017

To explore the feasibility of low-cost miniaturized spectrometers in discriminating forchlorfenuron treated kiwifruits, a visible and near infrared (Vis/NIR) diffuse transmittance spectroscopy system was constructed by using a miniaturized charge coupled device (CCD) spectrometer in the wavelength range of 400–1100 nm and a self-developed optical fiber probe.
Rapid pre-filtering of amphetamine and derivatives by direct analysis in real time (DART)-differential mobility spectrometry (DMS)
Authors: Ayodeji Ifeoluwa , Vazquez Timothy , Bailey Ronelle , Evans-Nguyen Theresa
Published: June 2017

Herein, DART ionization was coupled to DMS to demonstrate their combined utility and compatibility for rapid separation and characterization of new psychoactive substances.
Recent build outs in electroanalytical biosensors based on carbon-nanomaterial modified screen printed electrode platforms
Authors: Jaiswal Nandita , Tiwari Ida
Published: June 2017

The incorporation of carbon-based nanomaterials in screen-printed electrode sensors has overtaken traditional techniques in biological and environmental sample analysis where immediate on-site monitoring is required. Our review focuses on 1D and 2D biosensor materials.
Novel chemical probes for the investigation of nonribosomal peptide assembly
Authors: Ho Y. T. Candace , Leng Daniel J. , Ghiringhelli Francesca , Wilkening Ina , Bushell Dexter P. , Köstner Otto , Riva Elena , Havemann Judith , Passarella Daniele , Tosin Manuela
Published: June 2017

Newly devised chemical probes capture biosynthetic intermediates in the bio-assembly of the nonribosomal peptide echinomycin.
Immobilization of catalytic virus-like particles in a flow reactor
Authors: Liu A. , Yang L. , Traulsen C. H.-H. , Cornelissen J. J. L. M.
Published: June 2017

A functional microfluidic reactor is constructed by the immobilization of gold containing virus-based protein cages that catalyze the reduction of nitro-arenes with high efficiency.
A co-expression strategy to achieve labeling of individual subunits within a dimeric protein for single molecule analysis
Authors: Lou Fei , Yang Jie , Wu Si , Perrett Sarah
Published: June 2017

Site-specific incorporation of donor–acceptor pair into a dimeric protein for single-molecule FRET analysis is realized based on a co-expression strategy.
Versatility and remarkable hypergolicity of exo-6, exo-9 imidazole-substituted nido-decaborane
Authors: Rachiero Giovanni P. , Titi Hatem M. , Rogers Robin D.
Published: June 2017

The tunability of azoles combined with boranes provides a platform for controlling the physicochemical properties of new energetic materials.
Superacid-promoted synthesis of highly porous hypercrosslinked polycarbazoles for efficient CO2 capture
Authors: Zhu Xiang , Ding Shunmin , Abney Carter W. , Browning Katie L. , Sacci Robert L. , Veith Gabriel M. , Tian Chengcheng , Dai Sheng
Published: June 2017

A superacid-promoted “knitting” strategy has been developed for the generation of hypercrosslinked nanoporous polycarbazoles for efficient CO2 capture.
Controllable porosity conversion of metal-organic frameworks composed of natural ingredients for drug delivery
Authors: Liu Jiang , Bao Tian-Yi , Yang Xi-Ya , Zhu Pei-Pei , Wu Lian-He , Sha Jing-Quan , Zhang Lei , Dong Long-Zhang , Cao Xue-Li , Lan Ya-Qian
Published: June 2017

Two extremely rare β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) supported metal-organic frameworks (MOFs), CD-MOF-1 and CD-MOF-2, were induced to crystallize for the first time through a template-induced approach.
A large pyrene-fused N-heteroacene: fifteen aromatic six-membered rings annulated in one row
Authors: Wang Zilong , Gu Peiyang , Liu Guangfeng , Yao Huiying , Wu Yishi , Li Yongxin , Rakesh Ganguly , Zhu Jia , Fu Hongbing , Zhang Qichun
Published: June 2017

A novel nitrogen-rich N-heteroacene with 15 linearly-fused aromatic six-membered rings has been synthesized and fully characterized.
Oxidative dual C–H thiolation of imidazopyridines with ethers or alkanes using elemental sulphur
Authors: Zhang Jun-Rong , Liao Yan-Yan , Deng Jian-Chao , Feng Kai-Ying , Zhang Min , Ning Yun-Yun , Lin Zi-Wei , Tang Ri-Yuan
Published: June 2017

Dual C–H thiolation reactions using elemental sulphur remain a challenge.
Syntheses of potent teixobactin analogues against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) through the replacement of l-allo-enduracididine with its isosteres
Authors: Parmar Anish , Iyer Abhishek , Lloyd Daniel G. , Vincent Charlotte S. , Prior Stephen H. , Madder Annemieke , Taylor Edward J. , Singh Ishwar
Published: June 2017

We have synthesised 8 simplified, potent teixobactin analogues by replacing l-allo-enduracididine with its isosteres.
Reversible crystal-to-crystal transformation from a trinuclear cluster to a 1D chain and the corresponding spin crossover (SCO) behaviour change
Authors: Chen Wen-Bin , Leng Ji-Dong , Wang Zi-Zhou , Chen Yan-Cong , Miao Yu , Tong Ming-Liang , Dong Wen
Published: June 2017

Reversible crystal-to-crystal transformation between a linear trinuclear Fe(ii) complex and a 1D chain, and the SCO behaviour change are reported.
Cationic silyldiazenido complexes of the Fe(diphosphine)2(N2) platform: structural and electronic models for an elusive first intermediate in N2fixation
Authors: Piascik Adam D. , Hill Peter J. , Crawford Andrew D. , Doyle Laurence R. , Green Jennifer C. , Ashley Andrew E.
Published: June 2017

Functionalisation of Fe-bound dinitrogen affords novel cationic silyldiazenido complexes, which are structural surrogates for unstable protonated intermediates in N2fixation.
Insight into thiophene hydrodesulfurization on clean and S-modified MoP(010): a periodic density functional theory study
Authors: Li Guixia , Zhao Lianming , Zhu Houyu , Liu Xiuping , Ma Huifang , Yu Yanchen , Guo Wenyue
Published: June 2017

Surface S shows a promotion effect on the HDS catalytic activity of MoP(010) by lowering the C–S bond scission energy barrier.
Interaction of molecular nitrogen with free-electron-laser radiation
Authors: Banks H. I. B. , Little D. A. , Tennyson J. , Emmanouilidou A.
Published: June 2017

Molecular double core hole contribution to the final atomic ion fragments of N2 when driven by an FEL pulse.
Effects of sodium cationization versus protonation on the conformations and N-glycosidic bond stabilities of sodium cationized Urd and dUrd: solution conformation of [Urd+Na]+is preserved upon ESI
Authors: Zhu Y. , Roy H. A. , Cunningham N. A. , Strobehn S. F. , Gao J. , Munshi M. U. , Berden G. , Oomens J. , Rodgers M. T.
Published: June 2017

The conformations of sodium cationized uridine and 2′-deoxyuridine are sensitive to the presence (or absence) of the 2′-hydroxyl substituent. IRMPD action spectroscopy studies suggest that the solution conformation of [Urd+Na]+is preserved upon ESI.
Exciton dynamics in tungsten dichalcogenide monolayers
Authors: Liu Hongwei , Lu Junpeng
Published: June 2017

Our article provides deep insights into the fundamentals of exciton dynamics in TMD monolayers.
Elucidating sequence and solvent specific design targets to protect and stabilize enzymes for biocatalysis in ionic liquids
Authors: Sprenger K. G. , Plaks J. G. , Kaar J. L. , Pfaendtner J.
Published: June 2017

For many different frameworks, the structure, function, and dynamics of an enzyme is largely determined by the nature of its interactions with the surrounding host environment, thus a molecular level understanding of enzyme/host interactions is essential to the design of new processes and applications.
Balanced work function as a driver for facile hydrogen evolution reaction – comprehension and experimental assessment of interfacial catalytic descriptor
Authors: Zeradjanin Aleksandar R. , Vimalanandan Ashokanand , Polymeros George , Topalov Angel A. , Mayrhofer Karl J. J. , Rohwerder Michael
Published: June 2017

Rate of electrocatalytic reaction cannot be explained by individual property of the material; necessity of interfacial catalytic descriptor.
Ultrafast structural dynamics of photoexcited adenine
Authors: Mondal Sayan , Puranik Mrinalini
Published: June 2017

Ultraviolet Resonance Raman (UVRR) spectroscopy derives distinct electronic properties of adenine in the La (260 nm) and Bb (210 nm) excited states.
Effect of mixed anions on the physicochemical properties of a sodium containing alkoxyammonium ionic liquid electrolyte
Authors: Hilder Matthias , Gras Matthieu , Pope Cameron R. , Kar Mega , MacFarlane Douglas R. , Forsyth Maria , O’Dell Luke A.
Published: June 2017

We study the beneficial effects of multiple anionic species on the ion dynamics in a sodium-containing ionic liquid electrolyte.
Ionic liquids containing tricyanomethanide anions: physicochemical characterisation and performance as electrochemical double-layer capacitor electrolytes
Authors: Martins Vitor L. , Rennie Anthony J. R. , Torresi Roberto M. , Hall Peter J.
Published: June 2017

Fluorine free ionic liquids with low density and high ionic conductivity for high energy electrochemical double-layer capacitors.
Phospholipid stabilized gold nanorods: towards improved colloidal stability and biocompatibility
Authors: Santhosh Poornima Budime , Thomas Neethu , Sudhakar Swathi , Chadha Anju , Mani Ethayaraja
Published: June 2017

Biocompatible and colloidally stable gold nanorods (GNRs) with well-defined plasmonic properties are essential for biomedical and theranostic applications.
Microwave-assisted one-pot synthesis of new ionic iridium complexes of [Ir(bzq)2(N^N)]+A− type and their selected electroluminescent properties
Authors: Orwat B. , Witkowska E. , Kownacki I. , Oh M.-J. , Hoffmann M. , Kubicki M. , Grzelak I. , Marciniec B. , Glowacki I. , Luszczynska B. , Wiosna-Salyga G. , Ulanski J. , Ledwon P. , Lapkowski M.
Published: June 2017

The synthesis of new cationic iridium(III) compounds of the type [Ir(C^N)2(N^N)]+A− is presented.
Cationic 2,2′-bipyridine complexes of germanium(ii) and tin(ii)
Authors: Gray Paul A. , Krause Katherine D. , Burford Neil , Patrick Brian O.
Published: June 2017

Tetrel analogues of transition metal complexes.
Synthesis, structure and dispersion interactions in bis(1,8-naphthalendiyl)distibine
Authors: Ganesamoorthy C. , Heimann S. , Hölscher S. , Haack R. , Wölper C. , Jansen G. , Schulz S.
Published: June 2017

Naph2Sb21shows intermolecular interactions in the solid state. Quantum chemical calculations of1and the lighter (P, As) and heavier (Bi) congeners showed that intermolecular E⋯E interactions (E = P, As, Sb, Bi) are dispersion dominated, while E⋯π interactions additionally contained a significant electrostatic contribution.
Partial indium solubility induces chemical stability and colossal thermoelectric figure of merit in Cu2Se
Authors: Olvera A. A. , Moroz N. A. , Sahoo P. , Ren P. , Bailey T. P. , Page A. A. , Uher C. , Poudeu P. F. P.
Published: June 2017

Thermoelectric figure of merit, ZT, exceeding 2.6 at 850 K and copper electromigration inhibition have been demonstrated in indium modified Cu2Se.
Phenanthroline-based metal–organic frameworks for Fe-catalyzed Csp3–H amination
Authors: Thacker Nathan C. , Ji Pengfei , Lin Zekai , Urban Ania , Lin Wenbin
Published: June 2017

We report here the synthesis of a robust and highly porous Fe-phenanthroline-based metal–organic framework (MOF) and its application in catalyzing challenging inter- and intramolecular C–H amination reactions. For the intermolecular amination reactions, a FeBr2-metalated MOF selectively functionalized secondary benzylic and allylic C–H bonds. The intramolecular amination reactions utilizing organic azides as the nitrene source required the reduction of the FeBr2-metalated MOF with NaBHEt3 to generate the active catalyst. For both reactions, Fe or Zr leaching was less than 0.1%, and MOFs could be recycled and reused with no loss in catalytic activity. Furthermore, MOF catalysts were significantly more active than the corresponding homogeneous analogs. This work demonstrates the great potential of MOFs in generating highly active, recyclable, and reusable earth abundant metal catalysts for challenging organic transformations.
An inhibition mechanism of dihydromyricetin on tyrosinase and the joint effects of vitamins B6, D3 or E
Authors: Fan Meihui , Zhang Guowen , Pan Junhui , Gong Deming
Published: June 2017

Dihydromyricetin occupies the active site of tyrosinase to avoid the entrance of the substrate and causes the inhibition of tyrosinase activity.
Atmospheric pressure plasma assisted reaction chemical ionization for analysis of chlorinated compounds separated by liquid chromatography
Authors: Lesniewski Joseph E. , McMahon William P. , Zheng Kunyu , Wang Haopeng , Badiei Hamid , Jorabchi Kaveh
Published: June 2017

We report development of an atmospheric pressure plasma assisted reaction chemical ionization (PARCI) source with liquid sample introduction, enabling high sensitivity detection of chlorine in LC-separated compounds.
Correlation of molecular, atomic emissions with detonation parameters in femtosecond and nanosecond LIBS plasma of high energy materials
Authors: Kalam S. Abdul , Murthy N. Linga , Mathi P. , Kommu N. , Singh Ajay K. , Rao S. Venugopal
Published: June 2017

In the present work, six novel high energy materials (HEMs) were investigated by femtosecond and nanosecond LIBS techniques with an intention to comprehend the influence of different functional groups as well as their positions on the LIBS emission.