bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Assessment of dyslipidemia and its association with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in Bangladeshi subjects
Authors: Ferdous Jannatul , Begum Nasreen , Yasmeen BH Nazma , Laila Runa , Ahmed Shamim
Published: September 2022

Background : Globally incidence of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) shows an upward trend which a challenge for physicians and public health specialists. Patients with T2DM have 2- 4-fold increased risk of coronary artery disease (CAD), the leading cause of death among people with T2DM. Dyslipidemia considered an important factor for cardiovascular complication of T2DM.
Objective : Assessment of dyslipidemia and its association with T2DM in Bangladeshi subjects.
Methods : A case control study was conducted in CARe Medical College Hospital, Dhaka, during the period of July 2018 to June 2019. A total 153 subjects were included in study of which 90 belonged to Group-I were T2DM and 63 subjects were healthy Controls in Group-II. The Fasting glucose, postprandial glucose. Serum Lipid Profile were assayed in patients and controls, using standardized assay methods. Data were analyzed by using SPSS version 21.
Results : Fasting plasma glucose levels [mmol/l, (Mean± SD)] of the study group were Control (4.96 ± 0.76) and T2DM (8.27±2.19) difference was statistically significant (p <0.001), 2 hours post prandial plasma glucose level [mmol/l, (Mean± SD)] of the study groups were Control (5.81±0.87) and T2DM (11.79 ± 2.69). A significant difference found between Control vs T2DM (p <0.001). Fasting Triglyceride [mg/dl, (Mean± SD) was higher in T2DM (189±82.06), compared to Control (142±80.14) and statistically significant p=0.001. Total Cholesterol [mg/dl, (Mean± SD), Control (172±45) and T2DM (189±50.76) p=0.029] was significantly higher in T2DM than healthy subjects. HDL cholesterol [mg/dl, (Mean± SD); Control (30.6±8.10) and T2DM (26±9.94), p<0.001] significantly increased in healthy Controls compared to T2DM subjects. LDL cholesterol [kg/m,2 (Mean± SD); Control (114±43.54) and T2DM (118±49.66), p=0.572] which was not significantly different among the study subjects.
Conclusion : The present study concludes that important parameter of dyslipidemia, Fasting Triglyceride, total Cholesterol, were higher in T2DM patients and statistically significant. LDL cholesterol higher and not significant on the other hand HDL cholesterol was lower but significant difference between T2DM and healthy control found. Therefore, T2DM is associated with higher incidence of dyslipidemia
Northern International Medical College Journal Vol. 12 No.1 July 2020, Page 507-510
Crigler Najjar Syndrome - A Rare case of Jaundice in Children
Authors: Naher Bodhrun , Mazumder Md Wahiduzzaman , Ghosal Sharmistha , Naher Bodhrun , Rahman AZM Raihanur , Karim ASM Bazlul
Published: September 2022

Crigler-Najjar syndrome (CNS) was first described in 1952 in Maryland, USA as congenital familial non-hemolytic jaundice with kernicterus by Crigler JF and Najjar VA.1 CNS is a rare genetic disorder characterized by abnormalities in bilirubin metabolism and evident by persistent increase of unconjugated bilirubin. During the first days of life, the syndrome clinically manifests as intense unconjugated hyperbilirubinemia without evidence of hemolysis. It consists of two types, type I and type II. Crigler-Najjar Syndrome is mostly autosomal recessive disorder, but variation may occur in the inheritance of CNS II.2 The key pathogenesis is defect in bilirubin conjugation due to complete or partial deficiency of uridine 5'-diphosphate-glucuronosyl transferase (UGT). This enzyme is required for the conjugation and further excretion of bilirubin from the body. In type I CNS the enzyme activity is completely absent and in type II there is partial absence of the enzyme. Therefore, Type I is more severe form and usually fatal with kernicterus at the age of 1-2 years.3-5 TypeII is less severe and has better prognosis. Patients with CN type II suffer from less jaundice, less neurological impairment, and show a fair response to phenobarbitone therapy (serum bilirubin levels decrease by at least 25%).6 Both males and females are equally affected by CNS. The incidence is approximately 1 in 750,000-1,000,000 in the general population.7 Here we report such a rare case.
Northern International Medical College Journal Vol. 12 No.1 July 2020, Page 515-517
El consumo de los tubérculos en el Ecuador y su decisión de compra
Authors: Guerra-Flores Cristian , Rodríguez-Ulcuango Olga , Slusarczyk-Antosz María , Ulcuango-Navas Jefferson
Published: September 2022

Con la investigación se realizó un estudio del comportamiento del consumidor y su decisión de compra con respecto a tubérculos y sus derivados, esto a fin de promover estrategias de producción y comercialización que fortalezcan el sector agrícola y su proyección en el mercado. Así mismo dentro del diseño metodológico se utilizó un enfoque de investigación cualitativo y cuantitativo, un nivel de investigación exploratorio y descriptivo. Para el análisis de las fases del proceso de decisión de compra se aplicó una encuesta, basado en el modelo de la toma de decisiones del consumidor, que está orientado al campo psicológico del individuo. De la misma manera se efectuó un análisis exploratorio en los supermercados de la ciudad, con la finalidad de calificar y mejorar los diferentes aspectos para mejorar el escenario de compra para el consumidor. Se han interpretado los datos evidenciando como factores más relevantes en la decisión de compra los siguientes: calidad, confianza y precio, además, se observó la necesidad de mejorar la metodología para informar de los beneficios de consumir los tubérculos con el fin de motivar la producción. Por tal motivo el estudio está orientado a incrementar en los clientes finales el consumo de tubérculos y sus derivados, también a mejorar el ambiente interno de los supermercados para elevar el nivel de satisfacción y la toma de decisiones de compra generando datos que sean de uso para el productor; debiéndose tomar en consideración las variables de este trabajo para incrementar la producción y el consumo de tubérculos en la ciudad y el país.
Gestión administrativa en el desempeño laboral de las empresas de Delivery-Cantón Machala
Authors: Parra-Ganchosa Carlos , Márquez-Abarca Borys , Sánchez-Cabrera Liana , Mora-Sanchez Norman
Published: September 2022

En las diferentes empresas que se manejan tanto a nivel nacional como regional y se puede hasta referir desde una perspectiva global la gestión que se lleva a cabo debe ser tomada como liderazgo, es decir, se debe siempre buscar el trabajo en equipo, el aprender y crecer entre todos, no existir individualidad dentro de la organización, aunque en forma jerárquica sea necesario el que se cuente con diferentes áreas en el que haya un grupo de trabajo o departamentos. La principal herramienta que tiene una compañía es el talento humano, porque es el conocimiento vital, no un simple recolector de datos, sino que ayudará a crear valor dentro de la organización y así lucrarse ante otras empresas. Para que una empresa mejore, debe modernizarse o contratar empleados más eficientes, el departamento de RRHH también se encarga de buscar y atraer nuevos empleados. La gestión del talento en relación con la gestión de recursos humanos conduce a la construcción de métricas normativas que pueden mejorar el proceso de selección, implementación, evaluación y capacitación de los empleados, lo que se traduce en mejoras significativas en la motivación, el bienestar de los empleados y la compensación y los beneficios.
El efecto financiero del gasto publicitario: ¿existió crecimiento económico en el sector florícola durante la pandemia del COVID19?
Authors: Tenelema-Moposita Lizandro , Zumbana-Sumbana Zonia , Córdova-Aldás Víctor
Published: September 2022

La presente investigación tiene como objetivo analizar si existió crecimiento económico en el sector florícola durante la crisis sanitaria del COVID-19, en la provincia de Cotopaxi. Por ello, se aplicó el modelo de regresión lineal simple, con la finalidad de relacionar los gastos publicitarios y su impacto en los ingresos (ventas). El estudio posee un enfoque cuantitativo de alcance correlacional. Una vez que, se obtuvieron las cifras monetarias de las ventas y los gastos publicitarios extraídos de los estados financieros que presenta la Superintendencia de Compañías de Valores y Seguros correspondientes a los periodos del 2016 al 2020, se obtuvo una muestra por conveniencia de ocho empresas florícolas. Dicha muestra se manejó bajo un parámetro de reflejar una cantidad monetaria anual sin excepción, en las variables de estudio. Los resultados obtenidos muestran que, no existe relación de dependencia de los gastos publicitarios sobre las ventas por un nivel bajo de significancia. Finalmente se concluye que, no existió crecimiento del sector florícola durante la pandemia COVID-19 y en comparación a otros estudios la situación económica se deriva en pérdidas.
PENINGKATAN KEMAMPUAN MENULIS DAFTAR PUSTAKA PADA MAHASISWA PRODI KPN POLIMARIN SEMARANG
Authors: Diyah Alimatussa
Published: September 2022

Virus Covid-19 di dunia membuat sistem pendidikan mengalami perubahan utamanya pada proses kegiatan belajar mengajar. Ditambah dengan adanya Surat Edaran no. 4 tahun 2020 dari Menteri Pendidikan dan kebudayaan yang menganjurkan seluruh kegiatan di institusi pendidikan harus disampaikan di rumah masing-masing. akibatnya seluruh proses kegiatan belajar menjadi pembelajaran jarak jauh. pada pembelajaran jarak jauh ini, diperlukan inovasi pembelajaran yang tetap kondusif meski dilakukan secara terpisah ruang antara dosen dan mahasiswa. Penelitian ini dilakukan pada mahasiswa Polimarin pada Prodi Ketatalaksaan Pelayaran Niaga dan Kepelabuhan yang mengikuti mata kuliah bahasa Indonesia. Penelitian ini memiliki dua tujuan. Pertama, untuk meningkatkan kemampuan mahasiswa dalam menulis daftar pustaka pada pembelajaran jarak jauh. Kedua, untuk mengetahui penggunaan media Kahoot! Dalam upaya peningkatan kemampuan menulis daftar pustaka pada pembelajaran jarak jauh. Dalam penelitian ini, media Kahoot! akan digunakan untuk membantu meningkatkan kemampuan menulis mahasiswa utamanya pada penulisan daftar pustaka. Desain  peneltian ini adalah penelitian tindakan kelas dimana terdapat dua siklus untuk melihat penerapan aplikasi Kahoot! dalam pembelajaran. Masing-masing siklus  terdiri atas empat tahap penelitian. Keempat tahapan tersebut yaitu perencanaan, pelaksanaan, pengamatan, dan refleksi. Metode penelitian ini menggunakan tiga teknik dalam pengambilan data yakni observasi, wawancara, dan dokumentasi
How E-Service Quality And E-Trust Affect Reuse Decision on Aplikasi PrivyID
Authors: Handayani Yulia , Winadi Prasetyoning Tyas Ari Anggarani , Ummanah Ummanah
Published: September 2022

This study aims to examine the effect of e-service quality on the reuse decision of PrivyID on apps through e-trust as an intervening variable. The analytical method used is SEM and PLS, with 150 respondents for application users in South Jakarta. The sample in this study used the non-probability sampling method. This study has several problems, such as difficulty accessing personal to enterprise accounts, the absence of a direct document repair feature, the lack of customer service responsiveness to customer inquiries, weak validity of digitally signed documents using manual stamps, and user difficulties when verifying data.

This study indicates that e-service quality has a significant effect on reuse decisions. Meanwhile, e-trust has a substantial impact on reuse decisions, and e-service quality considerably impacts e-trust. Finally, this study shows that e-service quality indirectly affects reuse decision e-trust.

Keywords: E-Service Quality, Reuse Decision, E-Trust

 

Abstrak

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh e-service quality  aplikasi PrivyID terhadap reuse decision melalui e-trust sebagai variabel intervening. Metode analisis yang digunakan adalah Struktural Equation Model (SEM) dan Partial Least Square (PLS), sebanyak 150 responden pada pengguna aplikasi yang berada di Wilayah Jakarta Selatan. Sampel dalam penelitian ini menggunakan teknik non probability sampling. Penelitian ini memiliki beberapa masalah seperti kesulitannya akses dari akun personal ke akun enterprise, tidak adanya fitur perbaikan dokumen secara langsung, kurang responsifnya customer service terhadap pertanyaan pelanggan, lemahnya keabsahan dokumen yang ditandatangan digital dengan penggunaan materai manual, dan terdapat kesulitan pengguna saat melakukan verifikasi data (swafoto). Hasil penelitian dalam penelitian ini menunjukan bahwa e-service quality berpengaruh signifikan terhadap reuse decision. Sementara itu e-trust berpengaruh signifikan terhadap reuse decision dan e-service quality berpengaruh signifikan terhadap e-trust. Terakhir e-service quality berpengaruh secara tidak langsung terhadap reuse decision melalui e-trust.

Kata kunci: E-Service Quality, Reuse Decision, E-Trust
Pengaruh Kompetensi dan Motivasi terhadap Kinerja Pegawai pada Badan Pengelola Keuangan dan Aset Daerah Kabupaten Banyuasin
Authors: Amellya Amellya , Fitriasuri Fitriasuri , Elpanso Efan
Published: September 2022

This research is a quantitative descriptive study where the population is all civil servants at the Regional Financial and Asset Management Agency of Banyuasin Regency. After determining the stratified random sampling technique, we collected 51 respondents' data using a data collection instrument in the form of a questionnaire. We apply the instrument validity test using the calculated R-value or the corrected item-total correlation value on each and testing the reliability with Cronbach (Alpha). Hypothesis testing using multiple linear regression, T-test, F Test and Determinants Test. The results show that the effect of competence and motivation on performance simultaneously is significant. In this case, the null hypothesis is rejected or accepted as an alternative. Furthermore, based on the value of the regression coefficient, the influence between competence and performance is positive and significant.

Keywords: competence, motivation, and performance

Abstrak

Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif kuantitatif dimana populasinya adalah seluruh pegawai negeri sipil pada Badan Pengelola Keuangan dan Aset Daerah Kabupaten Banyuasin. Setelah menentukan teknik stratified random sampling, kami mengumpulkan 51 data responden dengan menggunakan instrumen pengumpulan data berupa kuesioner. Kami menerapkan uji validitas instrumen menggunakan nilai R-hitung atau nilai korelasi item-total terkoreksi pada masing-masing item instrument dan menguji reliabilitas dengan Cronbach (Alpha). Pengujian hipotesis menggunakan regresi linier berganda, uji T, Uji F dan Uji Determinasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pengaruh kompetensi dan motivasi terhadap kinerja secara simultan adalah signifikan. Dalam hal ini, hipotesis nol ditolak atau diterima sebagai alternatif. Selanjutnya berdasarkan nilai koefisien regresi, pengaruh antara kompetensi dan kinerja adalah positif dan signifikan.

Kata kunci: kompetensi, motivasi, dan kinerja
Literature Review: Masalah Psikologis pada Ibu Hamil selama Masa Pandemi Covid-19
Authors: Meiranny Arum , Nurrokhmah Alivia , Yumna Jihan Diya , Zulaekhah Siti
Published: September 2022

Angka Kejadian terinfeksi COVID-19 setiap hari semakin meningkat di dunia. Pada tahun 2021 tercatat oleh World Health Organization kasus tersebut mencapai 209,876,613 jiwa. Salah satu orang yang beresiko tinggi terpapar COVID-19 secara cepat adalah ibu hamil. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui masalah psikologis ibu hamil di masa COVID-19 dengan menggunakan metode penelitian studi literatur review. Pencarian dilakukan pada Google Scholar, NCBI, Elsevier dan PubMed dengan menggunakan kata kunci masalah psikologis, ibu hamil, dan COVID-19 dan kriteria pencarian pada tahun penerbitan 2020. Pencarian data dilakukan dengan bahasa Inggris dan bahasa Indonesia. Dari semua artikel, 6 artikel memenuhi kriteria yang diinginkan. Berdasarkan studi literatur yang sudah dilakukan, peneliti menyimpulkan bahwa masalah psikologis ibu hamil di masa pandemi COVID-19 berupa peningkatan kecemasan dan depresi.
Faktor Determinan yang Mempengaruhi terjadinya Postpartum Blues pada Ibu Nifas
Authors: Marwiyah Nila , Suwardiman Deni , Mutia Hanna Kurnia , Alkarimah Nida Ayu , Rahayu Resti , Nuraeni Nuraeni , Uzzakiyyah Ita
Published: September 2022

Postpartum blues merupakan periode depresi sementara yang terjadi selama beberapa hari pertama masa nifas. Kondisi ini jika tidak teratasi dapat menyebabkan depresi pada ibu dan mengganggu pertumbuhan dan perkembangan bayi yang telah dilahirkan. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui faktor dominan kejadian postpartum blues pada ibu nifas. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain korelasi dengan pendekatan cross sectional. Jumlah sampel 68 responden dengan teknik pengambilan sampel menggunakan consecutive sampling.  Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EDPS) digunakan untuk menentukan kejadian post partum, Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support (MSPSS) untuk mengukur dukungan sosial, dan Breaf COPE scale untuk mengukur koping. Data dianalisis dengan menggunakan multiple Regression. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan rerata skor pospartum blues adalah 8,09 (SD=4,78). Faktor yang berhubungan adalah usia, pendapatan, jenis persalinan, kesiapan persalinan, dan dukungan sosial. Usia memiliki kekuatan hubungan yang paling kuat dan signifikan berkontribusi terhadap kejadian postpartum blues (Beta=0,347, p <0,01). Upaya untuk meningkatkan program deteksi postpartum blues, pendidikan kesehatan, dan dukungan sosial bagi ibu postpartum blues diperlukan.
Grown Together: Local Food System Policy Tool Typologies and Bundling
Authors: Wassel Kathryn
Published: September 2022

This paper aims to identify the ways local food system policy tools are used and if they align with the needs of constituents. I begin by looking at policy tools and tool bundles; categorization of local food system policy tools in the literature; and how the typology used in local food system literature compares to more mainstream policy tools literature. The comparison of the tool typologies lays the foundation for analyses of individual tool use and use by category. It also provides the basis for my analysis of sustainability policy tool bundles and it’s applicability for studying local food and local food systems’ governance.
Abelian Group on the Binomial Coefficients of Combinatorial Geometric Series
Authors: Annamalai Chinnaraji
Published: September 2022

This paper discusses an abelian group, also called a commutative group, under addition and multiplication of the binomial coefficients of combinatorial geometric series. The coefficient for each term in combinatorial geometric series refers to a binomial coefficient. This idea can enable the scientific researchers to solve the real life problems.
Using Police As Mechanism of Self-Harm: Suicide by Cop and Psychological Autopsy
Authors: Hough Richard M.
Published: September 2022

This topic review paper provides a brief overview of factors considered in the determination of so-called ‘suicide by cop’ (SbC), including potential contextual signs of such an event. The summarization and analysis of the suicide by cop extant literature indicates a gap, and subsequent need, in commentary on content and viability of police training in this area. Within the United States, this phenomenon is often either unrecognized, or unremarkable in official reports subsequent to an officer involved shooting. It is important for law enforcement officers to be trained to recognize, when possible, the signs of an individual seeking self-harm by attempting to elicit the action from officers. While it is important to note that such potential recognition of self-harm-seeking behavior may inform responding personnel in fashioning an approach to the individual, this does not obviate the need to consider the safety of officers and bystanders first, as such incidents may rapidly unfold. Agency training, driven by written policy and prevailing law, should be based on empirical evidence, where available, and when utilization of such research does not seek to supersede other safety considerations. While law enforcement recruit academy curriculums in the United States have increased significantly in hours of classroom study, there is a limit to the practicality of training blocks on sundry topics. Additionally, within the U.S. context, laws and court decisions impose expectations regarding training requirements and limits of liability. The use of psychological autopsy investigation holds the potential to fill knowledge gaps about an event and provide a more complete contextual picture to many fatal force usage situation involving police. Future research is needed to examine behavior motivations, potentially using the psychological autopsy investigation method, and how results can enhance police training.
Microarray meta-analysis reveals IL6 and p38β/MAPK11 as potential targets of hsa-miR-124 in endothelial progenitor cells: Implications for stent re-endothelization in diabetic patients
Authors: Arencibia Alberto , Salazar Luis A.
Published: September 2022

Circulating endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) play an important role in the repair processes of damaged vessels, favoring re-endothelization of stented vessels to minimize restenosis. EPCs number and function is diminished in patients with type 2 diabetes, a known risk factor for restenosis. Considering the impact of EPCs in vascular injury repair, we conducted a meta-analysis of microarray to assess the transcriptomic profile and determine target genes during the differentiation process of EPCs into mature ECs. Five microarray datasets, including 13 EPC and 12 EC samples were analyzed, using the online tool ExpressAnalyst. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) analysis was done by Limma method, with an | log2FC| > 1 and FDR < 0.05. Combined p-value by Fisher exact method was computed for the intersection of datasets. There were 3,267 DEGs, 1,539 up-regulated and 1,728 down-regulated in EPCs, with 407 common DEGs in at least four datasets. Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analysis showed enrichment for terms related to “AGE-RAGE signaling pathway in diabetic complications.” Intersection of common DEGs, KEGG pathways genes and genes in protein-protein interaction network (PPI) identified four key genes, two up-regulated (IL1B and STAT5A) and two down-regulated (IL6 and MAPK11). MicroRNA enrichment analysis of common DEGs depicted five hub microRNA targeting 175 DEGs, including STAT5A, IL6 and MAPK11, with hsa-miR-124 as common regulator. This group of genes and microRNAs could serve as biomarkers of EPCs differentiation during coronary stenting as well as potential therapeutic targets to improve stent re-endothelization, especially in diabetic patients.
Numerical simulation on spatial steering rule of directional perforation hydraulic fractures in low-permeability reservoir
Authors: Lu Weiyong , Bai Erhu , Wei Le , He Changchun , Sun Yaohui , Shi Lei
Published: September 2022

For purpose of clearing the spatial pattern of hydraulic fracture during directional perforation in low-permeability unconventional reservoirs, RFPA2D-Flow software is used to numerically calculate their spatial steering trajectory and deflection distance. The accuracy of numerical calculation results is verified by theoretical and experimental results. Then the influences of horizontal principal stress difference, perforation length, and azimuth on the hydraulic fractures’ spatial steering trajectory are studied. It is shown by the results that 1) the software can accurately predict the space steering trajectory and deflection distance of directional perforation hydraulic fractures, 2) both deflection distance and spatial steering trajectory of hydraulic fractures are quantitatively evaluation indexes, which are used to evaluate the hydraulic fractures’ spatial steering effects, and 3) under different horizontal principal stress differences, perforation azimuths, and lengths, the same hydraulic fracture’s propagation trajectories are presented. They initiate from the perforation end and gradually deflect along the maximum horizontal principal stress direction and finally represent curved fractures like both wings. With the increase in horizontal principal stress difference, the fractures’ deflection distance decreases. However, it increases with the increase in perforation azimuth and length. Their deflection amplitude increases first and then decreases. Initiation pressure of hydraulic fracture rises with the decrease in perforation length and increase in perforation azimuth and horizontal principal stress difference.
High-precision downward continuation of the potential field based on the D-Unet network
Authors: Ye Zhihu , Zhang Zhihou , Wünnemann Bernd , Liu Weixin , Li Hanwen , Shi Zeyu , Li Jinglun
Published: September 2022

Potential field data are of great significance to the study of geological characteristics. Downward continuation of the potential field converts potential field data from a high plane to a low plane. Since this method is mathematically an inverse problem solution, it is unstable. The Tikhonov regularization strategy is an effective means of the downward continuation of the potential field. However, achieving high-precision requirements in the stage of precise geophysical exploration is still challenging. Deep learning can effectively solve unstable problems with excellent nonlinear mapping capabilities. Inspired by this, for the downward continuation of the potential field, we propose a new neural network architecture for downward continuation named D-Unet. This study uses the potential field data of a high horizontal plane and the initial model as the network’s input, with the corresponding low-level data serving as the output for supervised learning. Moreover, we add noise to 10% of the data in the training dataset. Model testing shows that our D-Unet has higher accuracy, validity, and stability. In addition, adding noise to the training data can further improve the robustness of the model. Finally, we use the actual potential data of a particular place in northeast China to test our model and satisfactory results have been obtained.
Influence of the matrix of the soil-rock mixture on deformation and failure behaviors of the slope based on material point method
Authors: Li Xia , Tang Shanyanqin , Zheng Yong , Liu Jie , Wang Liejian , He Kaiyuan , Jiang Tao
Published: September 2022

In this paper, the material point method (MPM) is used to explore the influence of matrix (namely soil) in the soil-rock mixture (SRM) on the stability of SRM slope. Firstly, a typical slope model is established, and a series of circular stone blocks with different sizes are generated inside the slope, then the SRM slope model is established. Next, the gravity is linearly loaded. When it is completed, the kinetic damping is applied, and the kinetic energy of the SRM slope is set to 0 to obtain the initial state of the slope. Then, the stability of the SRM slope under different soil cohesions and internal friction angles is simulated by MPM. The simulation results show that the stability of the SRM slope is more affected by cohesion than the internal friction angle. When the SRM slope enters the large deformation stage, there are both translational sliding and rotational sliding modes in the slope. The translational sliding is mainly the soil above the slope surface, and the SRM under the slope occurs rotational sliding.
How is entrepreneurship as generic and professional competences diverse? Some reflections on the evaluations of university students' generic competences (students of education and bioeconomics)
Authors: Slišāne Agnese , Lāma Gatis , Rubene Zanda
Published: September 2022

Generic competences have an interdisciplinary nature, which indicates their usability in different disciplines, situations, and contexts in the performance of different tasks. Generic competencies are thus considered from two perspectives, daily life and professional activity, that are equally important, implying that generic competences are necessary for individuals to successfully adapt to change and live meaningful and productive lives. Entrepreneurship competences can be observed from two perspectives: generic competencies viewed from the perspective of the individual's personal experience and professional competencies viewed from the perspective of the individual's professional experience. In this article, it will be observed from both perspectives to see its performance in diverse contexts and to clarify distinctions between these contexts. The present study aimed to shed light on how specific university study disciplines with a professional focus (educational sciences and bioeconomics) support the development of a specific generic competence (entrepreneurship competencies). The Specific Research Questions of This Article Are: (1) What Entrepreneurship Competences Emerge Among Latvian Bioeconomics and Educational Science Students? (2) How Do Entrepreneurship Competences Differ Between Bioeconomics and Educational Science Students? (3) How Are Entrepreneurship Competences Correlated With Each Other? Data for the study were gathered by using the online survey platform QuestionPro. The questionnaire was filled in by 135 students, of whom 82 were from the field of educational sciences and 53 from the field of bioeconomics. The study presents a comparison of entrepreneurship competence's self-assessments of bachelor's, master's, and doctoral students of bioeconomics and educational sciences. Despite the fact that entrepreneurship is more linked to economics, the results show that, in two out of three main areas of entrepreneurship competences, students of educational sciences self-assessed their entrepreneurship competences as higher than students of bioeconomics.
Potential lipolytic regulators derived from natural products as effective approaches to treat obesity
Authors: Yang Xi-Ding , Ge Xing-Cheng , Jiang Si-Yi , Yang Yong-Yu
Published: September 2022

Epidemic obesity is contributing to increases in the prevalence of obesity-related metabolic diseases and has, therefore, become an important public health problem. Adipose tissue is a vital energy storage organ that regulates whole-body energy metabolism. Triglyceride degradation in adipocytes is called lipolysis. It is closely tied to obesity and the metabolic disorders associated with it. Various natural products such as flavonoids, alkaloids, and terpenoids regulate lipolysis and can promote weight loss or improve obesity-related metabolic conditions. It is important to identify the specific secondary metabolites that are most effective at reducing weight and the health risks associated with obesity and lipolysis regulation. The aims of this review were to identify, categorize, and clarify the modes of action of a wide diversity of plant secondary metabolites that have demonstrated prophylactic and therapeutic efficacy against obesity by regulating lipolysis. The present review explores the regulatory mechanisms of lipolysis and summarizes the effects and modes of action of various natural products on this process. We propose that the discovery and development of natural product-based lipolysis regulators could diminish the risks associated with obesity and certain metabolic conditions.
The acromegaly lipodystrophy
Authors: Freda Pamela U.
Published: September 2022

Growth hormone (GH) and insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) are essential to normal growth, metabolism, and body composition, but in acromegaly, excesses of these hormones strikingly alter them. In recent years, the use of modern methodologies to assess body composition in patients with acromegaly has revealed novel aspects of the acromegaly phenotype. In particular, acromegaly presents a unique pattern of body composition changes in the setting of insulin resistance that we propose herein to be considered an acromegaly-specific lipodystrophy. The lipodystrophy, initiated by a distinctive GH-driven adipose tissue dysregulation, features insulin resistance in the setting of reduced visceral adipose tissue (VAT) mass and intra-hepatic lipid (IHL) but with lipid redistribution, resulting in ectopic lipid deposition in muscle. With recovery of the lipodystrophy, adipose tissue mass, especially that of VAT and IHL, rises, but insulin resistance is lessened. Abnormalities of adipose tissue adipokines may play a role in the disordered adipose tissue metabolism and insulin resistance of the lipodystrophy. The orexigenic hormone ghrelin and peptide Agouti-related peptide may also be affected by active acromegaly as well as variably by acromegaly therapies, which may contribute to the lipodystrophy. Understanding the pathophysiology of the lipodystrophy and how acromegaly therapies differentially reverse its features may be important to optimizing the long-term outcome for patients with this disease. This perspective describes evidence in support of this acromegaly lipodystrophy model and its relevance to acromegaly pathophysiology and the treatment of patients with acromegaly.
Gut microbiota is a potential goalkeeper of dyslipidemia
Authors: Lei Lirong , Zhao Ning , Zhang Lei , Chen Jiamei , Liu Xiaomin , Piao Shenghua
Published: September 2022

Dyslipidemia, as a common metabolic disease, could cause atherosclerosis, coronary heart disease, stroke and other cardio-cerebrovascular diseases. It is mainly caused by the interaction of genetic and environmental factors and its incidence has increased for several years. A large number of studies have shown that gut microbiota disorder is related to the development of dyslipidemia closely. Especially its metabolites such as short-chain fatty acids, bile acids and trimethylamine N-oxide affect dyslipidemia by regulating cholesterol balance. In this paper, we systematically reviewed the literature and used knowledge graphs to analyze the research trends and characteristics of dyslipidemia mediated by gut microbiota, revealing that the interaction between diet and gut microbiota leads to dyslipidemia as one of the main factors. In addition, starting from the destruction of the dynamic balance between gut microbiota and host caused by dyslipidemia, we systematically summarize the molecular mechanism of gut microbiota regulating dyslipidemia and provide a theoretical basis for the treatment of dyslipidemia by targeting the gut microbiota.
Deep learning for screening primary osteopenia and osteoporosis using spine radiographs and patient clinical covariates in a Chinese population
Authors: Mao Liting , Xia Ziqiang , Pan Liang , Chen Jun , Liu Xian , Li Zhiqiang , Yan Zhaoxian , Lin Gengbin , Wen Huisen , Liu Bo
Published: September 2022

Purpose

Many high-risk osteopenia and osteoporosis patients remain undiagnosed. We proposed to construct a convolutional neural network model for screening primary osteopenia and osteoporosis based on the lumbar radiographs, and to compare the diagnostic performance of the CNN model adding the clinical covariates with the image model alone.

Methods

A total of 6,908 participants were collected for analysis, including postmenopausal women and men aged 50–95 years, who performed conventional lumbar x-ray examinations and dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry (DXA) examinations within 3 months. All participants were divided into a training set, a validation set, test set 1, and test set 2 at a ratio of 8:1:1:1. The bone mineral density (BMD) values derived from DXA were applied as the reference standard. A three-class CNN model was developed to classify the patients into normal BMD, osteopenia, and osteoporosis. Moreover, we developed the models integrating the images with clinical covariates (age, gender, and BMI), and explored whether adding clinical data improves diagnostic performance over the image mode alone. The receiver operating characteristic curve analysis was performed for assessing the model performance.

Results

As for classifying osteoporosis, the model based on the anteroposterior+lateral channel performed best, with the area under the curve (AUC) range from 0.909 to 0.937 in three test cohorts. The models with images alone achieved moderate sensitivity in classifying osteopenia, in which the highest AUC achieved 0.785. The performance of models integrating images with clinical data shows a slight improvement over models with anteroposterior or lateral images input alone for diagnosing osteoporosis, in which the AUC increased about 2%–4%. Regarding categorizing osteopenia and the normal BMD, the proposed models integrating images with clinical data also outperformed the models with images solely.

Conclusion

The deep learning-based approach could screen osteoporosis and osteopenia based on lumbar radiographs.
Review of in silico studies dedicated to the nuclear receptor family: Therapeutic prospects and toxicological concerns
Authors: Sellami Asma , Réau Manon , Montes Matthieu , Lagarde Nathalie
Published: September 2022

Being in the center of both therapeutic and toxicological concerns, NRs are widely studied for drug discovery application but also to unravel the potential toxicity of environmental compounds such as pesticides, cosmetics or additives. High throughput screening campaigns (HTS) are largely used to detect compounds able to interact with this protein family for both therapeutic and toxicological purposes. These methods lead to a large amount of data requiring the use of computational approaches for a robust and correct analysis and interpretation. The output data can be used to build predictive models to forecast the behavior of new chemicals based on their in vitro activities. This atrticle is a review of the studies published in the last decade and dedicated to NR ligands in silico prediction for both therapeutic and toxicological purposes. Over 100 articles concerning 14 NR subfamilies were carefully read and analyzed in order to retrieve the most commonly used computational methods to develop predictive models, to retrieve the databases deployed in the model building process and to pinpoint some of the limitations they faced.
A genome-wide association study identified one variant associated with static spatial working memory in Chinese population
Authors: Zhang Liming , Zhu Zijian , Yang Qing , Zhao Jingjing
Published: September 2022

Spatial working memory (SWM) is a kind of memory that temporarily preserves spatial information (the location or order of objects, etc.). Individuals with mental disorders tend to show worse performance in SWM task. This study investigated the genetic basis of two subtypes of SWM, static spatial working memory (SSWM) and dynamic spatial working memory (DSWM) in humans, using quantitative genomic analyses. A total of 451 Chinese students were tested on their magnitudes of SSWM and DSWM. A genome-wide association study (GWAS) was performed. Two SNPs (top SNP: rs80263879, p = 1.6 × 10−9, gene: epoxide hydrolase 2, EPHX2) reaching genome-wide significance for SSWM were identified. There is a high linkage disequilibrium between these two SNPs. The data of expression quantitative trait locus (eQTL) showed that different genotypes of rs80263879 and rs72478903 made significant differences in the expression of EPHX2 gene in the spinal cord (p = 0.022, p = 0.048). Enrichment analysis identified a gene set significantly associated with DSWM. Overall, our study discovered a candidate genetic locus and gene set for the genetics of the SWM.
Genotype-phenotype correlations of marfan syndrome and related fibrillinopathies: Phenomenon and molecular relevance
Authors: Chen Ze-Xu , Jia Wan-Nan , Jiang Yong-Xiang
Published: September 2022

Marfan syndrome (MFS, OMIM: 154700) is a heritable multisystemic disease characterized by a wide range of clinical manifestations. The underlying molecular defect is caused by variants in the FBN1. Meanwhile, FBN1 variants are also detected in a spectrum of connective tissue disorders collectively termed as ‘type I fibrillinopathies’. A multitude of FBN1 variants is reported and most of them are unique in each pedigree. Although MFS is being considered a monogenic disorder, it is speculated that the allelic heterogeneity of FBN1 variants contributes to various manifestations, distinct prognoses, and differential responses to the therapies in affected patients. Significant progress in the genotype–phenotype correlations of MFS have emerged in the last 20 years, though, some of the associations were still in debate. This review aims to update the recent advances in the genotype-phenotype correlations of MFS and related fibrillinopathies. The molecular bases and pathological mechanisms are summarized for better support of the observed correlations. Other factors contributing to the phenotype heterogeneity and future research directions were also discussed. Dissecting the genotype-phenotype correlation of FBN1 variants and related disorders will provide valuable information in risk stratification, prognosis, and choice of therapy.
Epidemiology of pre-pregnancy body mass index (BMI) among mothers in Abu Dhabi, the United Arab Emirates
Authors: Taha Zainab , Hassan Ahmed Ali , Papandreou Dimitrios
Published: September 2022

Pre-pregnancy obesity is a risk factor for several health problems such as gestational diabetes, preeclampsia, labor induction, postpartum hemorrhage, and neonatal hypoglycemia. Being underweight is a risk factor for fetal growth restriction. Despite the negative impact of abnormal pre-pregnancy body mass index (BMI) (over and underweight) on pregnancy outcomes, a limited amount of studies has been conducted on the prevalence of pre-pregnancy over and underweight and associated factors in the United Arab Emirates (UAE). Thus, the aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence and factors associated with underweight, overweight, and obesity among mothers with children under the age of 2 years in Abu Dhabi, the UAE. A cross-sectional multicenter study was conducted in 2017 and included data from seven government health care centers in Abu Dhabi. Maternal pre-pregnancy BMI was calculated as the weight in kilograms (kg) divided by the square of the height in meters (m), (kg/m2). A total of 1,622 mother–child pairs were included in this study. Out of the 1,622 mothers, 43 (2.7%) were underweight, 1,068 (65.8%) were normal weight, 412 (25.4%) were overweight, and 99 (6.1%) were obese. Mothers with advanced maternal age (AMA) (≥35 years) were more likely to be overweight, odds ratio [OR] = 1.93, (95% confidence interval [CI] 1.52–2.3), p ≤ 0.001, and obese OR = 2.15 (95% CI 1.32–3.39), p = 0.001. Mothers with lower family income were more likely to be obese OR = 2.72 (95% CI 1.44–5.93), p = 0.002. Mothers with high parity (≥2) were more likely to be overweight OR = 1.91 (95% CI 1.49–2.50), p ≤ 0.001; obese OR = 1.76 (95% CI 1.06–2.92), p = 0.024; and less likely to be underweight OR = 0.52 (95% CI 0.27–0.94), p = 0.037. Obese mothers were more likely to deliver via cesarean section (CS) OR = 1.95 (95% CI 1.27–2.96), p = 0.002. This study provides valuable baseline information on the epidemiology of pre-pregnancy BMI in the UAE. The sociodemographic factors identified in the study can be used to target at-risk women. The study findings can also be used to develop contextualized strategies to prevent and manage complications associated with abnormal pre-pregnancy BMI in Emirati women.
Contraceptive method use trajectories among young women in Kenya: A qualitative study
Authors: Calhoun Lisa M. , Mandal Mahua , Onyango Bernard , Waga Erick , McGuire Courtney , Zulu Eliya M. , van den Akker Thomas , Benova Lenka , Delvaux Thérèse , Speizer Ilene S.
Published: September 2022

Background

Many young women experience important key life transitions during adolescence and early adulthood, such as initiation of sexual activity, first use of contraceptives, marriage, and childbirth. For young women to be able to plan and manage their lives, it is critical to understand how these life events intersect and shape their contraceptive decision-making. This study aims to explore young women's contraceptive method use trajectories, including the factors that influence contraceptive decision-making throughout adolescence and youth.

Methodology

In 2019, the Full Access, Full Choice project (FAFC), implemented by the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill and the African Institute for Development Policy, conducted 30 in-depth interviews with young women aged 18–24 years in three counties in Kenya (Nairobi, Mombasa and Migori). Eligible respondents had used two or more modern contraceptive methods. Interview guides utilized a modified life history approach to capture details about respondents' contraceptive use and life experiences from the time they first used contraception until the time of interview.

Results

We identified five separate contraceptive use trajectories based on the occurrence and timing of marriage, childbirth, and contraceptive method choice as well as various influences on contraceptive decision-making. The majority of respondents began their contraceptive journey by using male condoms or emergency contraception, but subsequent contraceptive decisions were varied across trajectories and influenced by different factors. For many women, the initiation of a non-coitally dependent method occurred after the birth of a child; for some, this was the first method used. Once women transitioned to using a non-coitally dependent method such as injectables or implants, many cycled through different methods to find one that had fewer side effects or provided the desired duration of protection.

Discussion

This study highlights the nuanced needs of young women throughout their adolescent and youth years in Kenya. This suggests that programs and policies need to encompass young women's diversity of experiences and motivations to best serve them.