bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Findings of new phytoplankton species in the Barents Sea as a consequence of global climate changes
Authors: Makarevich Pavel , Larionov Viktor , Oleinik Anatoliy , Vashchenko Pavel
Published: June 2023

Over the past few decades, the Earth’s climate has been characterized by a stable increase in temperature, which in many regions leads to a change in the composition of flora and fauna. A striking manifestation of this process is the appearance in ecological communities of new, uncharacteristic for them, species of animals and plants. One of the most productive and at the same time the most vulnerable in this respect are the marine ecosystems of the Arctic. This article is devoted to the analysis of findings of vagrant phytoplankton species in the Barents Sea, a body of water experiencing especially rapid warming due to an increase in the volume and temperature of incoming Atlantic water. For the first time, fundamental questions are considered: how widely these species are distributed over the Barents Sea area, and in what seasons do they reach high levels of abundance. The material for the present work was planktonic collections made during expedition surveys of 2007–2019 in different seasons throughout the Barents Sea. The water samples were taken using a rosette Niskin bottle sampler. The plankton net with a 29 µm mesh size was applied for filtering. The obtained material was processed according to standard hydrobiological methods and followed by subsequent microscopy for taxonomic identification of organisms and cell counting. The results of our observations show that vagrant microplankton species do not create a stable population that persists throughout the annual development cycle. Their major presence is noted in the autumn-winter period, the smallest in the summer. The distribution of invaders is strictly tied to warm jets of currents, while the weakening of the inflow of Atlantic water masses deep into the Barents Sea from the west is a limiting factor for their penetration into its eastern part. The southwestern and western parts of the basin are characterized by the most significant number of floristic finds; from here, towards the north and east, their number decreases. It can be concluded that at present the proportion of vagrant species in the Barents Sea, both in species diversity and in the total biomass of the algocenosis, is insignificant. They do not change the structure of the community as a whole, and their presence does not have any negative impact on the ecosystem of the Barents Sea pelagic. However, at this stage of research, it is too early to predict the environmental consequences of the phenomenon under study. Given the growing number of recorded cases of finds of species uncharacteristic for the Arctic, there is a possibility that this process may disrupt the biological stability of the ecosystem and even lead to its destabilization.
Gestão de obras de reformas corporativas e comerciais: análise da influência das ocorrências não previstas sobre o desvio de custo
Authors: Braga Rafael Pongeluppe , De Oliveira Danielle Meireles , Junior Flavio Luis Braga , Bremer Cynara Fiedler , Ribeiro Sidnea Eliane Campos , Almeida Marys Lene Braga
Published: June 2023

A elevada demanda por estruturas prediais modernas em locais urbanizados e valorizados, com fins comerciais, acentua o mercado de reformas corporativas e comerciais. Estas atividades têm recebido incremento de complexidade visto a ampla aplicação de tecnologias e inovações, restrições técnicas e burocráticas, em empreendimentos cada vez maiores e prazos diminutos. Apesar da demanda vultuosa e da responsabilidade frente ao meio ambiente, sociedade e mercado, este nicho é majoritariamente composto por empresas com pouco desenvolvimento em gestão e em processos de Planejamento e Controle da Produção (PCP), quando comparado ao setor de construção. Dentro deste contexto, este trabalho busca analisar o impacto das principais causas de não cumprimento das tarefas planejadas, inclusive a variação de prazo, sobre o desvio de custo em obras de reforma predial coorporativa e comercial, contribuindo para o conhecimento na área e preenchendo lacunas relacionadas ao tema. O estudo compreende informações específicas teóricas e de mercado, baseado em revisão bibliográfica, pesquisas e análises de dados de planejamento e controle da produção de 40 (quarenta) obras, em uma das principais empresas do ramo em Belo Horizonte, com atuação inclusive em outros estados. Através de técnicas estatísticas, como correlação e regressão, os desvios de custo foram conectados às ocorrências apontadas. Finalmente, foram registradas as tipologias de obras que mais apresentaram desvios, a influência da maturidade da empresa nos resultados, as principais causas dos desvios e a relação prazo versus custo.
Cultura organizacional como elemento estratégico para inovação tecnológica: estudos comparativos empresariais
Authors: Message Eliane Regina Rodrigues , Vilha Anapatrícia Morales
Published: June 2023

O posicionamento vantajoso com relação à concorrência é dado no ambiente empresarial, pela gestão estratégica de inovação tecnológica, incluindo o fomento da cultura organizacional no desenvolvimento criativo de inovações e soluções, pelas experiências compartilhadas dos indivíduos, pela condução da liderança e pela sincronia das estratégias de inovação e das organizações (ISAKSEN; TIDD, 2006). Como de acordo com Bes e Kotler (2001) a inovação só exerce força sobre a competitividade, quando disseminada em todos os níveis da organização. Schein (2004) considera que a cultura organizacional é um complexo conjunto de pressupostos, e a base que envolve toda a organização e se subdivide em níveis. Da mesma forma, Balestro e Fernandes (2013) e Chevallier (1994) afirmam que o envolvimento de todos os funcionários no seguimento dos ritos e códigos presentes na cultura organizacional, proporciona um ambiente de motivações coletivas e ampliação do valor organizacional. Esta pesquisa buscou investigar as características, ações e implicações de culturas organizacionais pautadas na geração de inovações e suas implicações para competitividade das empresas, por meio dos resultados de inovação. Para tanto, foram realizados estudos de caso em profundidade nas empresas Festo Brasil, Natura, 3M do Brasil e Braskem e foi possível observar a relação direta dos resultados de inovação nos mercados de atuação das empresas, com as ações e fomento da cultura organizacional para a temática da inovação.
Patrulha rural georreferenciada como estratégia de gestão em segurança pública
Authors: Konzen Ione Grace do Nascimento Cidade , Pessoa Allison Souza , Da Silva Valdinei Teixeira
Published: June 2023

Este trabalho teve como objetivos demonstrar a importância do patrulhamento rural e apresentar uma proposta contendo a nova forma de policiamento orientado e georreferenciado para a zona rural da área de responsabilidade do 3º Batalhão da Polícia Militar – 3º BPM, localizado em Vilhena/Rondônia. O estudo pressupõe reduzir a incidência de ilícitos na área rural, bem como aumentar a proximidade do homem do campo com o estado através da presença efetiva da PMRO, resultando numa maior confiabilidade e conseguinte aumento da sensação de segurança da comunidade. Partiu da seguinte indagação: visto que em razão da localização geográfica do Estado, que faz fronteira com a Bolívia, não é raro as guarnições depararam-se com situações de ilícitos internacionais com participação de elementos de alta periculosidade e também outros delitos, que impõem mudança rápida e drástica no plano de patrulhamento estabelecido, a Polícia Militar dispõe de um preparo para atuar no patrulhamento rural e que considere tais fatores intervenientes? Para tanto, utilizou a metodologia de Revisão Integrativa de Literatura, onde foi utilizado publicações científicas junto as fontes indexadas ao SCIELO – Scientific Eletronic Library Online, buscando artigos pertinentes a temática estudada a partir dos descritores citados nas palavras-chave. De natureza aplicada, a pesquisa assumiu ainda o caráter qualitativo e teve um delineamento do tipo exploratório, que tem a função de aumentar o conhecimento sobre o fenômeno, o esclarecimento de conceitos, a definição de prioridades para futuras pesquisas, além de informações sobre a aplicabilidade prática em situações de vida real; e descritivo, com a função de apresentar características teóricas sobre política de gestão de pessoas e modelo de gestão por competência, a fim de, a partir dos resultados encontrados, possibilitar a produção de outros conhecimentos. A análise dos dados deu-se por meio da Análise de Conteúdo, identificada como adequado para esta pesquisa. Portanto, o trabalho apontou que, aliada ao preparo consistente da tropa, o contato com as pessoas de bem que moram na área rural, possibilitará que a Polícia Militar possa prestar um serviço de excelência que à comunidade.
Biyoloji Öğretmen Adaylarının Bitki Farkındalığının Belirlenmesi
Authors: YILMAZ Zeynep , SELVİ Meryem
Published: June 2023

Bitkiler, yeryüzündeki tüm yaşam formları için vazgeçilmez canlılar olup canlı yaşamının devamlılığı için kilit bir rol oynamaktadır. Bitkiler biyolojik çeşitlilik açısından da oldukça önemli bir rol oynamasına rağmen insanlar tarafından çoğu zaman göz ardı edilir. Bu araştırmada biyoloji öğretmen adaylarının bitki farkındalığının belirlenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Araştırmada tarama modeli kullanılmıştır. Araştırmanın örneklemi uygun örnekleme yöntemi ile seçilen Ankara ilindeki bir devlet üniversitesinde öğrenim gören 84 biyoloji öğretmen adayından oluşmaktadır. Bitki körlüğü fenomenini araştıran çalışmalar incelenerek bitki körlüğünü tespit etmeye yönelik sorular belirlenmiş ve iki bölümden oluşan bir anket hazırlanmıştır. Anketin birinci bölümünde öğretmen adaylarına ilk olarak bitki körlüğünü belirlemede kullanılan “Aklınıza ilk gelen 5 canlının adını yazınız” şeklindeki açık uçlu soru yöneltilmiştir. Bu bölümde ayrıca öğretmen adaylarının flora ve fauna tercihlerini ve tercihlerinin nedenlerini ortaya koymayı amaçlayan sorular yer almaktadır. Anketin ikinci bölümünde ise bitki körlüğü testi yer almaktadır. Verilerin analizinde betimsel analiz ve içerik analizi kullanılmıştır. Sonuçlar öğretmen adaylarının büyük çoğunluğunun canlı listelerinde hayvanlara daha çok yer verdiklerini, floraya kıyasla faunayı tercih ettiklerini ortaya koymuştur. Anketin ikinci bölümü olan bitki körlüğü testinde hayvan görsellerini bitkilere göre daha çok hatırladıkları, hayvan görsellerini daha ilgi çekici buldukları ve hayvan türlerini daha kolay isimlendirebildikleri görülmüştür. Araştırmanın sonuçları incelendiğinde biyoloji öğretmen adaylarının bitki körlüğünün olası özelliklerini gösterdikleri sonucuna varılmıştır.
Performance of Two Varieties of Tomato Solanum lycopersicum L as Affected by Two Concentration of Hydroponic Solution
Authors: Fisayo Kehinde-Fadare Abosede , Ayodele Adisa Rachael
Published: June 2023

The effects of two distinct nutrient solutions were evaluated on two tomato varieties in a hydroponic system enclosed within a screen house over the course of 12 weeks. At three weeks of age, tomato seedlings previously cultivated in a nursery were transplanted into a Kratky hydroponic system, which involves the placement of plants in a net pot, where the growing media is secured by a lid and hung above the water. All of these were held in a container containing dissolved nutrients at two solutions different in concentrations, including both major and trace elements diluted at varying levels. Growth parameters were observed and recorded over a five-week period at weekly intervals, starting from the week after transplantation. In addition, data on yield, including fruit weight, diameter, and number, were collected at harvest and documented that both concentrations (i.e. 100% and 75%) were observed to give substantial results in terms of yield. However, the 100% concentration gave a better performance in all the parameters taken.
Proximate Composition and Consumption Constraints of Edible Forest Insects in Three Local Government Areas of Cross River State, Nigeria
Authors: Alobi A. O. , Ovat O. I. , Ovat K. E.
Published: June 2023

Proximate composition and consumption constraints of edible forest insects was studied within ten months. Data on protein, lipid, carbohydrate, crude fibre and moisture contents was obtained by collecting insect’s samples from forest and households in Akamkpa, Obubra and Ogoja in Cross River State and taken to the laboratory and analyzed. The data generated was subjected to different vigorous processes in the laboratory using approved methods. Data on constraints to insect’s consumption was obtained through administration of questionnaire to respondents. Results reveal that protein content (19.8%) was highest in termites and lowest in yam beetles (16.5%). The carbohydrates content (17.6%) was highest in ground cricket and lowest in oil palm grub (6.3%). Lipid content (18.6%) was highest in oil palm grub and lowest in grasshopper (15.1%). Ash and moisture contents were highest (16.8 and 18.6%) in grasshopper and termites, respectively, and lowest in yam beetles (14.1%) and grasshopper (13.4%). Fibre content (17.6%) was highest in locust and lowest in termites (13.4%). Consumption of edible insects in the study area is however constrained by seasons as indicated in the three locations where the study was carried out. Therefore, due to their high protein and lipid content, termites, ground cricket and oil palm grubs should be considered as important delicacies for man’s basic nutritional challenges and encourage food sufficiency. Different cultures and traditions should encourage their subjects to consume these delicacies for healthier society.
Phototoxıc Maculopathy: Treatment by Areds 2 Formulatıon
Authors: Saraçoglu Fatma Sevil , Demir Selim
Published: June 2023

The aim of this study is to evaluate the efficacy of antioxidant and vitamin supplements for treatment of phototoxic maculopathy. The results of antioxidant and vitamin supplements treatment applied to a 51-year-old male patient due to phototoxic maculopathy in his right eye after uneventful phacoemulsification surgery was evaluated. Spectral domain optical coherence tomography image was showed the severe ellipsoid zone disruption. Oral antioxidant and vitamin supplements was started for the patient. At the end of one year, visual acuity was reached 1.0 and ellipsoid zone damage improved significantly. Antioxidant and vitamin supplements may be useful for recovery of phototoxic maculopathy.
The Kitulo National Park Transformation and the Implications on Sustainable Livelihoods to Adjacent Local Communities in Makete District, Tanzania
Authors: ’ong’o Henry George Mung , Kyando Samson Bosco , Mziray Laurent Filbert
Published: June 2023

Aims: The study investigates the process of change of the Kitulo plateau to Kitulo national park status and the implications on sustainable livelihoods to adjacent local communities in Makete District.

Study Design: The study adopted a mixed research design which allows for the triangulation of qualitative and quantitative methods to gain a better understanding of the studied subject matter.

Methodology: Simple random and purposive sampling was used to select respondents for the study. Household survey, in-depth interviews, observation and document review methods were used to collect data. The household survey included 114 heads of households. Qualitative data were subjected to content analysis and statistical analysis using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) used for quantitative data. Land use changes were captured and presented using Geographical Information System (GIS).

Results: The establishment of the Kitulo National Park from Kitulo plateau was not participatory as 82.5% of local communities were not involved in the process and even during the gazettement of the Kitulo National Park. The main actors in the process of change were government leaders and NGOs (87.7%), TANAPA (8.7%) and local communities (3.6%). These results implies that majority of the people were not involved which may affect in supporting conservation activities. Also, the justifications for the establishment of the park were to improve conservation of water catchment sources and high value of biodiversity. Furthermore, livelihoods benefits were constructing development projects and enhancing livelihoods of neighbouring communities.

Conclusion: The transformation of Kitulo plateau to the Kitulo national park was not bottom up participatory approach which made negative perception and attitude from local community towards the establishment of the park. Therefore, because the park has led to loss of major livelihoods activities to local communities, this paper thus seeks to recommend to increase more livelihood supports benefits and launching of sensitization programme for clear understanding on the purpose of the park and its benefits which will ensure the park sustainability.
Analysis of Genetic Diversity in Maize (Zea mays L.) Variety Using SSR Markers
Authors: Shete G. S. , Nikam S. D. , Surbhaiyya S. D. , Jadhav M. P. , Thakare T. N.
Published: June 2023

The study was carried out to analyze the genetic diversity of five maize varieties at K. K. Wagh collage of agricultural Biotechnology, Nashik during May to October 2022 Genomic DNA was isolated from maize varieties by using CTAB method. The PCR amplification obtains with set of five SSR primers. The dendrogram was constructed based UPGMA method from the Jaccard’s similarity coefficient and the varieties subjected to cluster analysis. Among the five SSR primer used only three found polymorphic with total 13 alleles. The PIC value 0.358 to 0.868 of Phi-085, ssr-08 and ssr-06 shows polymorphism 50%, 80% and 83.34% respectively. The cluster analysis indicates the varieties were divided into 3 clades and one Simplicifolicus. Interpreting the results P. madhu is divers among the all varieties. The cluster analysis indicates the P. madhu variety shows the diversity. The genetic diversity of maize will help the breeder to select the parents for different breeding programs.
Effect of Ta41 on Growth, Yield and Quality of Cucumber (Cucumis Sativus L.) Laxmi F1 Hybrid
Authors: Shekar Guglavath , Prasad V. M. , Bhadur Vijay , Sheering Arpan , Dawson Joy , Kerketta Anita
Published: June 2023

The present experiment was carried out during 2021-22 in Central Horticulture Research Farm of Department of Horticulture, SHUATS, Prayagraj. The experiment was conducted in Randomized Block Design with 10 treatments replicated thrice. The treatments were T0 (Without TA41),T1 (soil drenching of TA41 @10ml/L),T2 (soil drenching of TA41 @ 10ml/L+ Foliar spray 20ml/spray tank),T3 (Soil drenching of TA41 @ 15ml/L),T4 (Soil drenching of TA41@ 15ml/+Foliar spray 30ml/Spray tank),T5 (Soil drenching of TA41@ 20ml/L),T6 (Soil drenching of TA41 @ 20ml /L + foliar spray 40ml / spray tank),T7 (Soil drenching of TA41 @ 25ml /L),T8 (Soil drenching of TA41 @ 25ml/l + foliar spray 50ml/spray tank) and T9 (Foliar spray of TA41 @ 30 ml/spray tank). On the basis of our findings it was concluded that the treatment T4 (Soil drenching of TA41@ 15ml/+Foliar spray 30ml/Spray tank) was found to be best in the terms of vegetative growth, yield and yield parameters, quality parameters, shelf life and benefit cost ratio.
Prevalence and Risk Factors of Trichomonas vaginalis Infection among Female Students of Prince Abubakar Audu University, Nigeria
Authors: Amana G. U. , Ozougwu J. C. , Nwachukwu I. , Imakwu C. A. , Okeke O. A.
Published: June 2023

Objective: This study aimed to determine the prevalence rate and associated risk factors of Trichomonas vaginalis infection among undergraduate female students at Prince Abubakar Audu University, Anyigba, Kogi State, Nigeria.

Methods: This cross-sectional and institutional-based study involved female students who consented to screening. A total of four hundred (400) high vaginal swab samples were randomly collected from consenting female students and analyzed by wet mount preparation. Demographic and clinical information about the participants was obtained using prepared questionnaires.

Results: It was observed that the overall prevalence of T. vaginalis infection among the 400 female participants was 170 (42.5%). The age ranges 14–18 and 24-28 had the highest prevalence of 50%, while the age range 19–23 had the least prevalence of 41.2%. The Ebira tribe had the highest prevalence of 60%, while the lowest prevalence was 0.0% among Hausa and others. Islam had the highest prevalence of 66.7%, while Christianity had the lowest prevalence of 40.5%. Students at the 100 level had the highest prevalence of 50%, and those at the 200 level had the least prevalence of 38.5%. There was no significant association between T. vaginalis infection and predisposing factors such as douching, sanitation, and sexual habits. However, the study did find that females who did not use sanitary pads were at a significantly higher risk of infection, while females who did not douche their vagina with antiseptic or deodorant products had a slightly higher risk of infection.

Conclusion: It is clear from the results of the present study that Prince Abubakar Audu University's undergraduate female students are at a high prevalence of 42.5% for Trichomonas vaginalis infection. The study offers crucial information about the incidence of T. vaginalis infection and the risk factors connected to it among female participants in the study area. The high prevalence of infection highlights the need for increased awareness and education about the infection and its prevention in the study area.
Treatments Used Among Adolescent Residential Addiction Treatment Facilities in the US, 2022
Authors: King Caroline , Beetham Tamara , Smith Natashia , Englander Honora , Hadland Scott E. , Bagley Sarah M. , Korthuis P. Todd
Published: June 2023

This study surveyed US adolescent residential addiction treatment facilities to assess treatments used for adolescents younger than 18 years seeking treatment for opioid use disorder.
Dowry, Greek
Authors: Harris Edward M.
Published: June 2023

From the sixth century onwards, families in many Greek city‐states appear to have practiced direct dowry, though some traces of indirect dowry remained. The value of a dowry varied according to the status and wealth of the woman's family and the number of her brothers and sisters. The dowry would include the wife's trousseau and money, slaves, buildings, or land given to the husband.
Tod
Authors: Gillam Robyn
Published: June 2023

Tod, 25 km south of Luxor, is the site of the ancient city ofDjerty(Greek, Tuphium) associated with the cult of Montu, a military and protective god. Established during the Old Kingdom (twenty‐sixth centurybce), with most temple construction dating to the Middle Kingdom (ca. 2050–1750bce) and Ptolemaic periods (220–120bce), it was connected with four other cult centers of the god, forming a protective zone around the Theban Nome. The temple was last added to in the second centuryceand remained in use for some time after that.
Cuneiform
Authors: Taylor Jon
Published: June 2023

Cuneiform was a writing system used in the ancient Middle East for about 3,500 years down to the first century
ce
. A huge number and variety of texts written in cuneiform survive, revealing rich details of historical, economic, social, religious, and intellectual life. Many languages were written in cuneiform: Akkadian, Sumerian, and Hittite were the most common.
Ekallatum
Authors: Villard† Pierre
Published: June 2023

Two cities in upper Mesopotamia bore the name Ekallatum. One of them, located in the Tigris valley, played a great role in the Old Babylonian period, as the capital of king Samsī‐Addu and his son Išme‐Dagan. The other was located on the right bank of the Euphrates, in present‐day northern Syria.
AITA: AI trustworthiness assessment
Authors: Mattioli Juliette , Braunschweig Bertrand
Published: June 2023

We report about the first ever symposium on the assessment of AI trustworthiness, leading to the birth of a new research community on the matter.
Fast finite‐time adaptive event‐triggered output‐feedback control for nonlinear uncertain systems
Authors: Zhang Yan , Wang Fang , Li Xueyi , Li Zheng , You Zhaoyang
Published: June 2023

This article investigates an adaptive fast finite‐time control problem for a class of nonlinear uncertain systems. First, to reduce the transmission load, an event‐triggering mechanism is introduced into the channel from the controller to the actuator. Second, the observer is employed to estimate the unmeasurable state variables. Third, considering that the nonlinear functions of systems are completely unknown, neural networks are introduced to overcome the obstacles caused by unknown nonlinearities. Finally, an event‐triggered adaptive fast finite‐time output‐feedback control strategy is proposed by means of the fast finite‐time stability criterion and backstepping technique. The theoretical analysis illustrates that under the proposed control strategy, all signals in the closed‐loop systems converge to a bounded domain within a finite time. Furthermore, the Zeno phenomenon can be avoided effectively. The main innovation is to design the adaptive controller from a new perspective. The validity of results is elaborated by numerical simulation.
Joule Heating Activation of Template‐Mediated Carbon Fibers with Significantly Enhanced Capacitive Performance
Authors: Li Shulin , Zhao Yixin , Shi Pengfei , Zhou Jie , Long Jiale , Cao Na , Liu Jiehua , Meng Fancheng
Published: June 2023

Carbon fibers (CFs) have been innovated in the application of fiber‐shaped and wearable energy storage devices recently. However, time‐ and energy‐consuming activation process under harsh conditions is generally required to modify the surface structure of the CF. Herein, a fast and effective Joule heating activation method is proposed with the nickel–cobalt layered double hydroxide‐derived nanometal particles as the template. The resultant Joule heating‐activated CF (JACF) demonstrates excellent capacitive performance with an electrode capacitance of 268 F g−1. After assembling into a solid‐state fiber‐shaped supercapacitor (FSC), the device shows both enhanced specific capacitance and energy/power densities, as well as the long cycling stability of over 5000 cycles. The Joule heating method reported in this work is time and energy saving for CF activation compared with the traditional chemical etching or high‐temperature annealing processes, and it is promising for the large‐scale production of high‐performance fiber‐shaped and wearable energy devices.
Bio‐Inspired Adhesive with Reset‐On Demand, Reuse‐Many (RORM) Modes
Authors: Wang Siqian , Hu Wei Hsun , Nakamura Yasuyuki , Fujisawa Nanami , Herlyng Ane Eline , Ebara Mitsuhiro , Naito Masanobu
Published: June 2023

Development of tough, reusable adhesives is important, but remains a major challenge, especially in water. A tough reusable adhesive that resets entirely to its virgin condition when needed is reported using caffeic acid. Here, caffeic acid is employed as adhesive moiety to achieve such the functions due to its dual characteristics: an adhesive moiety from mussel‐inspired catechol and a photo‐reversible crosslink from cinnamic acid. Adhesion involves a two‐step process. First, the caffeic acid‐functionalized polymer is applied to the adherend, followed by UV irradiation (peak wavelength of light‐emitting diode, λP: 365 nm) to form a durable pre‐applied adhesive (PAA) layer through crosslinking among the caffeic acid moieties. Second, thermal activation of the PAA layer ensures repeated adhesion to a variety of adherends (Reuse‐Many mode). The cyclic dimer of the caffeic acid moiety is de‐crosslinked by UV irradiation at λP: 254 nm. This allows the complete removal of the adhesive residues from the adherends when the adhesive is no longer needed (Reset‐On demand mode). Furthermore, using magnetic nanoparticles, the caffeic acid‐functionalized polymer can be activated remotely under water by magnetic induction heating. This study paves the way for the rational design of bio‐inspired adhesives that outperform nature using plant‐derived raw materials.
Synergistic Photochemo Effects Based on Light‐Activatable Dual Prodrug Nanoparticles for Effective Cancer Therapy
Authors: Liu Zhi‐Yong , Chen Guobo , Wang Xiang , Xu Ru-Chen , Wang Fu , Qi Zhuo‐Ran , Sun Jia‐Lei , Zhang Guang‐Cong , Miao Yuqing , Shen Xi‐Zhong , Zhu Ji‐Min , Weng Shu‐Qiang , Chen Hong , Li Yuhao
Published: June 2023

Ferroptosis is identified as a novel type of cell death with distinct properties involved in physical conditions and various diseases, including cancers. It is considered that ferroptosis provides a promising therapeutic strategy for optimizing oncotherapy. Although erastin is an effective ferroptosis trigger, the potential of its clinical application is largely restricted by its poor water solubility and concomitant limitations. To address this issue, an innovative nanoplatform (PE@PTGA) that integrated protoporphyrin IX (PpIX) and erastin coated with amphiphilic polymers (PTGA) to evoke ferroptosis and apoptosis is constructed and exemplified using an orthotopic hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) xenograft mouse model as a paradigm. The self‐assembled nanoparticles can enter HCC cells and release PpIX and erastin. With light stimulation, PpIX exerts hyperthermia and reactive oxygen species to inhibit the proliferation of HCC cells. Besides, the accumulated reactive oxygen species (ROS) can further promote erastin‐induced ferroptosis in HCC cells. In vitro and in vivo studies reveal that PE@PTGA synergistically inhibits tumor development by stimulating both ferroptosis‐ and apoptosis‐related pathways. Moreover, PE@PTGA has low toxicity and satisfactory biocompatibility, suggesting its promising clinical benefit in cancer treatments.
Fibrous Zr‐MOF Nanozyme Aerogels with Macro‐Nanoporous Structure for Enhanced Catalytic Hydrolysis of Organophosphate Toxins
Authors: Ma Kaikai , Cheung Yuk Ha , Kirlikovali Kent O. , Xie Haomiao , Idrees Karam B. , Wang Xiaoliang , Islamoglu Timur , Xin John H. , Farha Omar K.
Published: June 2023

Metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) with Lewis acid catalytic sites, such as zirconium‐based MOFs (Zr‐MOFs), comprise a growing class of phosphatase‐like nanozymes that can degrade toxic organophosphate pesticides and nerve agents. Rationally engineering and shaping MOFs from as‐synthesized powders into hierarchically porous monoliths is essential for their use in emerging applications, such as filters for air and water purification and personal protection gear. However, several challenges still limit the production of practical MOF composites, including the need for sophisticated reaction conditions, low MOF catalyst loadings in the resulting composites, and poor accessibility to MOF‐based active sites. To overcome these limitations, a rapid synthesis method is developed to introduce Zr‐MOF nanozyme coating into cellulose nanofibers, resulting in the formation of processable monolithic aerogel composites with high MOF loadings. These composites contain Zr‐MOF nanozymes embedded in the structure, and hierarchical macro‐micro porosity enables excellent accessibility to catalytic active sites. This multifaceted rational design strategy, including the selection of a MOF with many catalytic sites, fine‐tuning the coating morphology, and the fabrication of a hierarchically structured monolithic aerogel, renders synergistic effects toward the efficient continuous hydrolytic detoxification of organophosphorus‐based nerve agent simulants and pesticides from contaminated water.
Mechanoresponsive Drug Release from a Flexible, Tissue‐Adherent, Hybrid Hydrogel Actuator
Authors: Mendez Keegan , Whyte William , Freedman Benjamin R. , Fan Yiling , Varela Claudia E. , Singh Manisha , Cintron-Cruz Juan C. , Rothenbücher Sandra E. , Li Jianyu , Mooney David J. , Roche Ellen T.
Published: June 2023

Soft robotic technologies for therapeutic biomedical applications require conformal and atraumatic tissue coupling that is amenable to dynamic loading for effective drug delivery or tissue stimulation. This intimate and sustained contact offers vast therapeutic opportunities for localized drug release. Herein, a new class of hybrid hydrogel actuator (HHA) that facilitates enhanced drug delivery is introduced. The multi‐material soft actuator can elicit a tunable mechanoresponsive release of charged drug from its alginate/acrylamide hydrogel layer with temporal control. Dosing control parameters include actuation magnitude, frequency, and duration. The actuator can safely adhere to tissue via a flexible, drug‐permeable adhesive bond that can withstand dynamic device actuation. Conformal adhesion of the hybrid hydrogel actuator to tissue leads to improved mechanoresponsive spatial delivery of the drug. Future integration of this hybrid hydrogel actuator with other soft robotic assistive technologies can enable a synergistic, multi‐pronged treatment approach for the treatment of disease.
A Direct Silver‐Catalyzed Three‐Component Approach to Trifluoromethylated Cyanopyrazoles and Cyanopyrazolines
Authors: Kumar Anuj , Mathew Shintu , Jamali Muhammad Fahad , Ahamad Shakir , Kant Ruchir , Mohanan Kishor
Published: June 2023

A three‐component strategy for the synthesis of an important class of trifluoromethylated cyanopyrazoles from aldehydes, malononitrile and trifluorodiazoethane is reported. This approach involves a domino Knoevenagel condensation/1,3‐dipolar cycloaddition/dehydrocyanation process. Surprisingly, the use of cyanoacetate in place of malononitrile resulted in the formation of trifluoromethylated cyanopyrazolines. The protocol provides access to a wide variety of trisubstituted pyrazoles and pyrazolines thus expanding the chemical space for these structural units.
Self‐Illuminating NIR‐II Chemiluminescence Nanosensor for In Vivo Tracking H2O2 Fluctuation
Authors: Zhang Shiyi , Yuan Hao , Sun Shengchun , Qin Chunlian , Qiu Qiming , Feng Yuyan , Liu Yongjie , Li Yang , Xu Lizhou , Ying Yibin , Qi Ji , Wang Yixian
Published: June 2023

Chemiluminescence (CL) imaging, as an excitation‐free technique, exhibits a markedly improved signal‐to‐noise ratio (SNR) owing to the absence of an excitation light source and autofluorescence interference. However, conventional chemiluminescence imaging generally focuses on the visible and first near‐infrared (NIR‐I) regions, which hinders high‐performance biological imaging due to strong tissue scattering and absorption. To address the issue, self‐luminescent NIR‐II CL nanoprobes with a second near‐infrared (NIR‐II) luminescence in the presence of hydrogen peroxide are rationally designed. A cascade energy transfer, including chemiluminescence resonance energy transfer (CRET) from the chemiluminescent substrate to NIR‐I organic molecules and Förster resonance energy transfer (FRET) from NIR‐I organic molecules to NIR‐II organic molecules, occurs in the nanoprobes, contributing to NIR‐II light with great efficiency and good tissue penetration depth. Based on excellent selectivity, high sensitivity to hydrogen peroxide, and long‐lasting luminescence performance, the NIR‐II CL nanoprobes are applied to detect inflammation in mice, showing a 7.4‐fold enhancement in SNR compared with that of fluorescence.
NNaTaO3@Ta3N5 Core‐Shell Heterojunction with Controlled Interface Boosts Photocatalytic Overall Water Splitting
Authors: Lu Kejian , Xue Fei , Liu Feng , Li Mengfan , Fu Wenlong , Peng Hao , Zhang Chunyang , Huang Jie , Gao Ze , Huang Hongwen , Liu Maochang
Published: June 2023

Ta3N5 is a promising material for photocatalytic hydrogen production from water because of its suitable band structure for both solar energy collection and overall water splitting, while its application is restricted by severe charge recombination as well as non‐equilibrium redox capabilities. Herein, atomic‐scale N‐doped NaTaO3@Ta3N5 (NNaTaO3@Ta3N5) core‐shell cubes prepared by nitridation of cubic NaTaO3 are reported. The core‐shell heterojunction cubes present efficient and stoichiometric evolution of H2 and O2 from photocatalytic overall water splitting, with a quantum efficiency of 2.18% at 550 nm without any cocatalyst. The success relies on the Ta3N5 shell having a thickness of only ≈5 nm which enables increased lifetimes of the photogenerated charges. Moreover, the core‐shell heterojunction shows a type‐I band alignment that can steer smooth charge flow from NNaTaO3 to Ta3N5, particularly with the assistance of the shared communal Ta atoms at the interface. This efficiency can be further improved to 6.28% by in situ deposition of a Rh@Cr2O3 core‐shell cocatalyst, which is among the highest reported values over Ta3N5‐based photocatalyst. This study offers a promising pathway for the construction of well‐defined heterojunctions with manipulated charge transfer behavior for photocatalytic overall water splitting.
Inferring the population history of Kyrgyz in Xinjiang, Northwest China from genome‐wide array genotyping
Authors: Halili Bubibatima , Yang Xiaomin , Wang Rui , Zhu Kongyang , Hai Xiangjun , Wang Chuan‐Chao
Published: June 2023

Objectives

Xinjiang plays a vital role in the trans‐Eurasian population migration, language diffusion, and culture and technology exchange. However, the underrepresentation of Xinjiang's genomes has hindered a more comprehensive understanding of Xinjiang's genetic structure and population history.

Materials and Methods

We collected and genotyped 70 southern Xinjiang's Kyrgyz (SXJK) individuals and combined the data with modern and ancient Eurasians published. We used allele‐frequency methods, including PCA, ADMIXTURE, f‐statistics, qpWave/qpAdm, ALDER, Treemix, and haplotype‐shared methods including shared‐IBD segments, fineSTRUCTURE, and GLOBETROTTER to unveil the fine‐scale population structure and reconstruct admixture history.

Results

We identified genetic substructure within the SXJK population with subgroups showing different genetic affinities to West and East Eurasians. All SXJK subgroups were suggested to have close genetic relationships with surrounding Turkic‐speaking groups that is, Uyghur, Kyrgyz from north Xinjiang and Tajikistan, and Chinese Kazakh, suggesting a shared ancestry among those populations. Outgroup‐f3 and symmetrical f4 statistics showed a high genetic affinity of SXJK to present‐day Tungusic, Mongolic‐speaking populations and Ancient Northeast Asian (ANA) related groups. Allele sharing and haplotype sharing profiles revealed the east–west admixture pattern of SXJK. The qpAdm‐based admixture models showed that SXJK derived ancestry from East Eurasian (ANA and East Asian, 42.7%–83.3%) and West Eurasian (Western Steppe herders and Central Asian, 16.7%–57.3%), the recent east–west admixture event could be traced to 1000 years ago based on ALDER and GLOBETROTTER analysis.

Discussion

The high genetic affinity of SXJK to present‐day Tungusic and Mongolic‐speaking populations and short‐shared IBD segments indicated their shared common ancestry. SXJK harbored a close genetic affinity to ANA‐related populations, indicating the Northeast Asian origin of SXJK. The West and East Eurasian admixture models observed in SXJK further provided evidence of the dynamic admixture history in Xinjiang. The east–west admixture pattern and the identified ancestral makeup of SXJK suggested a genetic continuity from some Iron Age Xinjiang populations to present‐day SXJK.
Synthesis and Optoelectronic Applications of dπ–pπ Conjugated Polymers with a Di‐metallaaromatic Acceptor
Authors: Chen Shiyan , Feng Lingwei , Peng Lixia , Gao Xiang , Zhu Yongfa , Yang Liulin , Chen Dafa , Zhang Kai , Guo Xugang , Huang Fei , Xia Haiping
Published: June 2023

The development of conjugated polymers especially n‐type polymer semiconductors is powered by the design and synthesis of electron‐deficient building blocks. Herein, a strong acceptor building block with di‐metallaaromatic structure was designed and synthesized by connecting two electron‐deficient metallaaromatic units through a π‐conjugated bridge. Then, a double‐monomer polymerization methodology was developed for inserting it into conjugated polymer scaffolds to yield metallopolymers. The isolated well‐defined model oligomers indicated polymer structures. Kinetic studies based on nuclear magnetic resonance and ultraviolet–visible spectroscopies shed light on the polymerization process. Interestingly, the resulted metallopolymers with dπ–pπ conjugations are very promising electron transport layer materials which can boost photovoltaic performance of an organic solar cell, with power conversion efficiency up to 18.28 % based on the PM6 : EH‐HD‐4F non‐fullerene system. This work not only provides a facile route to construct metallaaromatic conjugated polymers with various functional groups, but also discovers their potential applications for the first time.
Nascent Proteomics: Chemical Tools for Monitoring Newly Synthesized Proteins
Authors: Tang Qi , Chen Xing
Published: June 2023

Cellular proteins are dynamically regulated in response to environmental stimuli. Conventional proteomics compares the entire proteome in different cellular states to identify differentially expressed proteins, which suffers from limited sensitivity for analyzing acute and subtle changes. To address this challenge, nascent proteomics has been developed, which selectively analyzes the newly synthesized proteins, thus offering a more sensitive and timely insight into the dynamic changes of the proteome. In this Minireview, we discuss recent advancements in nascent proteomics, with an emphasis on methodological developments. Also, we delve into the current challenges and provide an outlook on the future prospects of this exciting field.
Combining Carbazole Building Blocks and ν‐DABNA Heteroatom Alignment for a Double Boron‐Embedded MR‐TADF Emitter with Improved Performance
Authors: Huang Feng , Fan Xiao‐Chun , Cheng Ying‐Chun , Wu Hao , Xiong Xin , Yu Jia , Wang Kai , Zhang Xiao‐Hong
Published: June 2023

Building blocks and heteroatom alignments are two determining factors in designing multiple resonance (MR)‐type thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF) emitters. Carbazole‐fused MR emitters, represented by CzBN derivatives, and the heteroatom alignments of ν‐DABNA are two star series of MR‐TADF emitters that show impressive performances from the aspects of building blocks and heteroatom alignments, respectively. Herein, a novel CzBN analog, Π‐CzBN, featuring ν‐DABNA heteroatom alignment is developed via facile one‐shot lithium‐free borylation. Π‐CzBN exhibits superior photophysical properties with a photoluminescence quantum yield close to 100 % and narrowband sky blue emission with a full width at half maximum (FWHM) of 16 nm/85 meV. It also gives efficient TADF properties with a small singlet‐triplet energy offset of 40 meV and a fast reverse intersystem crossing rate of 2.9×105 s−1. The optimized OLED using Π‐CzBN as the emitter achieves an exceptional external quantum efficiency of 39.3 % with a low efficiency roll‐off of 20 % at 1000 cd m−2 and a narrowband emission at 495 nm with FWHM of 21 nm/106 meV, making it one of the best reported devices based on MR emitters with comprehensive performance.
Group 14 Elements Hetero‐Difunctionalizations via Nickel‐Catalyzed Electroreductive Cross‐Coupling
Authors: Chen Haifeng , Zhu Chen , Yue Huifeng , Rueping Magnus
Published: June 2023

The difunctionalization of unsaturated bonds plays a vital role in the enrichment of molecular complexity. While various catalytic methods for alkene and alkyne difunctionalization have been developed in recent years, hetero‐functionalization the introduction of two different atoms has been less explored. This is mainly due to the challenges associated with achieving high chemo‐, regio‐, and stereoselectivity, especially when adding two similar atoms from the same group across unsaturated bonds. In this study, we describe a nickel‐catalyzed, three‐component reductive protocol for group 14 element hetero‐difunctionalization of 1,3‐enynes using electrochemistry. This new method is mild, selective, and general, allowing for the silyl‐, germanyl‐, and stannyl‐alkylation of enynes. Various chlorosilanes as well as chlorogermans, and chlorostannanes can be successfully used in combination with aryl/alkyl‐substituted 1,3‐enynes and primary, secondary, and tertiary alkyl bromides in the electroreductive coupling.
Anti‐inflammatory Glycocalyx‐Mimicking Nanoparticles for Colitis Treatment: Construction and In Vivo Evaluation
Authors: Yoo Dohyun , Whang Chang‐Hee , Hong Jungwoo , Kim Dohyeon , Prayogo Monica Celine , Son Youngju , Jung Wonsik , Lee Seojung , Lee Hee‐Seung , Jon Sangyong
Published: June 2023

Common medications for treating inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) have limited therapeutic efficacy and severe adverse effects. This underscores the urgent need for novel therapeutic approaches that can effectively target inflamed sites in the gastrointestinal tract upon oral administration, exerting potent therapeutic efficacy while minimizing systemic effects. Here, we report the construction and in vivo therapeutic evaluation of a library of anti‐inflammatory glycocalyx‐mimicking nanoparticles (designated GlyNPs) in a mouse model of IBD. The anti‐inflammatory GlyNP library was created by attaching bilirubin (BR) to a library of glycopolymers composed of random combinations of the five most naturally abundant sugars. Direct in vivo screening of 31 BR‐attached anti‐inflammatory GlyNPs via oral administration into mice with acute colitis led to identification of a candidate GlyNP capable of targeting macrophages in the inflamed colon and effectively alleviating colitis symptoms. These findings suggest that the BR‐attached GlyNP library can be used as a platform to identify anti‐inflammatory nanomedicines for various inflammatory diseases.
Covalent Organic Framework Based Crosslinked Porous Microcapsules for Enzymatic Catalysis
Authors: Feng Mengchu , Niu Ziru , Xing Chunyan , Jin Yehao , Feng Xiao , Zhang Yuanyuan , Wang Bo
Published: June 2023

The design of porous microcapsules with selective mass transfer and mechanical robustness for enzyme encapsulation is highly desired for biocatalysis, yet the construction remains challenging. Herein, we report the facile fabrication of porous microcapsules by assembling covalent organic framework (COF) spheres at the interfaces of emulsion droplets followed by interparticle crosslinking. The COF microcapsules could offer an enclosed aqueous environment for enzymes, with size‐selective porous shells that allow for the fast diffusion of substrates and products while excluding larger molecules such as protease. Crosslinking of COF spheres not only enhances the structural stability of capsules but also imparts enrichment effects. The enzymes encased in the COF microcapsules show enhanced activity and durability in organic media as verified in both batch reaction and continuous‐flow reaction. The COF microcapsules offer a promising platform for the encapsulation of biomacromolecules.
Gas barrier properties of polyurethane nanocomposites
Authors: Pandey Shruti , Maiti Pralay , Jana Karun K. , Rana Dipak , Aswal Vinod K.
Published: June 2023

Polyurethane nanocomposites with varying concentration of different fillers are produced through hot melt extrusion by using nanotalc and Cloisite 30B as fillers. The TEM images show good dispersion of 30B while moderate agglomeration in nanotalc composite. The result is supported by the respective nanostructures (exfoliated in 30B vs. intercalated in nanotalc composites). A slight decrease in degradation temperature is observed but the nanocomposites are thermally stable upto 300°C. Permeability significantly decreases for nanocomposites. Young's modulus increases with increasing filler concentration while the toughness improvement exhibits a maximum at 4 and 6 wt% of 30B and nanotalc, respectively. Halpin–Tsai model is employed to predict the mechanical properties of the composites. The mechanical, thermal and gas barrier properties are better in 30B as compared to nanotalc nanocomposites, due to greater interaction in 30B nanocomposites evident from the large shift of peak position in UV–vis and FTIR measurements along with its good dispersion.