bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
नेपाली लोकसाहित्यसँग लघुतम पद्य हाइकुको सम्बन्ध Nepali Lok Sahityasanga Laghuttam Paddya Haikuko Sambandha
Authors: भट्टराई Bhattarai रमेश Ramesh
Published: December 2020

साहित्यका कविता, आख्यान, नाटक र निबन्ध विधामध्ये हाइकु कवितात्मक विधाअन्तर्गत पर्दछ ।५–७–५ को अक्षर संरचनामा रहेर एउटा ऋतुबोधक शब्द पर्ने गरी लेखिने हाइकु कविता गजल, मुक्तक,सेलो, सवाईभन्दा छोटो भएको पाइन्छ । औपचारिक रूपमा जापानबाट विकसित भएको यस विधाकाकेही सूक्ष्म गुण प्राचीन नेपाली समाजमा विकसित लोकसाहित्यका विविध पद्य विधा, लोकगीत,बालगीतमा पनि पाउन सकिन्छ । अलिकति बिम्ब मिसिएर थोरैमा धेरै भन्न सकिने गुण भएकोहाइकुका बारेमा यहाँ संरचनागत विश्लेषण गरिएको छ । नेपालमा हाइकुको विकासक्रम, विद्वान्हरूलेहाइकुका बारेमा राखेका धारणा तथा अनुवादित हाइकुका केही उदाहरणलाई यहाँ समावेश गरिएकोछ । आजको व्यस्त समाजमा साहित्यप्रति झुकाव भएर पनि छोटो समयमा साहित्यको आनन्द लिनेचाहनालाई हाइकु जस्ता सूक्ष्म संरचना भएका विधाले सहयोग पु¥याउँछन् । छोटो समयमा व्यापकविचारको सूत्रात्मक प्रस्तुति दिन सक्ने गुण भएकैले वर्तमानका साहित्यप्रेमीहरू सामाजिक सञ्जालमाहाइकुलाई प्रस्तुत गर्ने गर्दछन् । मूलतः पुस्तकालयीय अध्ययनबाट गुणात्मक विश्लेषण विधिलाई प्रयोगगरेर यो अध्ययनलाई सम्पन्न गरिएको छ । हाइकु संरचनाका आधार, रचना शैली, प्रकार र नेपालमायसको प्रभावका आधारमा यसभित्र प्रयोग गरिने भाषाशैलीलाई हेर्दा विद्यालय तहदेखि उच्च शिक्षाकापाठ्यक्रममा यस विधालाई स्थान दिइनु सान्दर्भिक देखिन्छ ।
Practical Ways to Ensure Educational Justice for Subaltern Students of Nepal
Authors: Karki Mahendra Kumar
Published: December 2020

This article aims at sharing knowledge about educational justice for subaltern students of Nepal. The descriptive research design was used for the study. The secondary sources of data were educational document and online materials. The sample was limited to the only concept educational justice for subaltern students of Nepal and global perspectives. With few exceptions, students of the subaltern community obtain low score in school, college, and university. The article applies to some theories like as cultural, ethical, and pedagogical. Research also mentions theoretical, philosophical, and practical ways to ensure educational justice to the subaltern students of Nepal. Education plays a vital role to being a subaltern. Subaltern students have no access to achieve the facilities and opportunities provided by the government because of their different causes and unequal distribution of resources. They are being subaltern because they have no more representation in schooling system. The data used in study is qualitative which are collected from educational philosophical and related to Subaltern textbook, journal and National and international educational report. Likewise, various an educational document, Ministry of Education Nepal. Analytical and descriptive methods are applied in this study.
Teachers’ Skill and Motivation in Using Information and Communication Technology
Authors: Paudel Pitambar
Published: December 2020

Teaching and learning in the 21st century has been embedded with technology. Use of Information and Communication Technology (ICT) plays a crucial role in ameliorating knowledge acquisition in general and enhancing English Language mastering in particular. The government of Nepal has made provision of integrating ICTs in school education to enhance quality education and make both teachers and learners confident and competitive in the present global world. The teachers are the real implementers of the policy into practice. In this context, this research intended to investigate secondary level English teachers’ skill and motivation in using ICTs while teaching the English language. To achieve the objective, an explanatory sequential mixed research design was adopted. The survey questionnaire, unstructured interview and non-participant observation were used to determine the skills and motivation of forty secondary English teachers (20 from public and 20 from private schools). Two datasets, i.e. quantitative and qualitative were collected and analyzed sequentially. The findings of the research reveal that majority of the teachers have high motivation in using ICTs even though they are not skilful, knowledgeable and confident in handling and using new ICT tools and applications. The findings imply that teachers should be given opportunities for training on ICT use for building up their skill, motivation, knowledge and confidence.
Zakaz dyskryminacji a uchybienie godności studenta
Authors: Zima-Parjaszewska Monika
Published: December 2020

The article deals with the subject of disciplinary responsibility of female and male students from the perspective of discriminatory behaviour. Anti-discrimination legislation in Poland, apart from the employment sphere, does not provide protection against discrimination. The Act on the implementation of certain provisions of the European Union in the field of equal treatment introduces broad protection of only some legally protected features. Universities, in the sense of responsibility for the safety and protection of the academic community, introduce internal anti-discrimination regulations, emphasizing important values and principles that every male and female student should follow. Socio-political conditions may influence the disciplinary proceedings of male and female students. Assessment of the breach of the student’s dignity as one of the premises of disciplinary liability encounters many difficulties and more and more often may refer to the conflict of freedom of speech and the right to equal treatment.
Tetrahydrobiopterin deficiency in schizophrenia as a new target for personalized medicine
Authors: Semennov I. V. , Zagryazhskaya Y. S. , Piatoikina A. S. , Zhilyaeva T. V. , Manakova A. E. A. , Blagonravova A. S. , Verbitskaya E. V. , Mazo G. E.
Published: December 2020

Summary. Tetrahydrobiopterin (BH4) is an important cofactor, that involved in the synthesis of dopamine, norepinephrine, and serotonin, as well as affecting the production of nitric oxide (NO) and regulating the activity of the glutamatergic system. A few foreign studies have shown, that patients with schizophrenia had a markedly reduced level of BH4 compared to the healthy population.

The aim of this work was to study the association of BH4 deficiency with the risk of schizophrenia among Russian patients by comparison with a group of healthy volunteers.

Materials and methods: 50 patients with schizophrenia and 36 healthy volunteerswere randomly selected and underwent a biochemical study of the BH4 level using the method of competitive enzyme immunoassay (ELISA) on a spectrophotometer (Sunrise, Tecan) with a set of CEG421Ge (CloudClone Corp).

Results: it was found that the BH4 level was significantly lower in patients than in the controlgroup (3684.75 [1283.00; 4815.00] versus 4260.60 [4057.40; 5236.85] pmol / l, respectively, p = 0 , 0016). The proportion of patients with a BH4 level below the lower limit of the interquartile range in healthy volunteers (4057.40 pmol / l) is 30/50 (60%), the proportion of healthy volunteers with a BH4 level below this border is 9/36 (25%), the difference is statistically significant, χ2 = 10.35; p = 0.002; OR = 4.5; 95% CI [1.75; 11.56](CI — confidence interval). The correlation of BH4 level with the duration of the disease, gender, age of the subjects is very weak and not statistically significant.

Conclusion: further interdisciplinary studies are required to identify the causes and molecular mechanisms for the development of BH4 deficiency in schizophrenia and to develop approaches to personalized pharmacological intervention.
Pengembangan Buku Suplemen Teks Fabel dalam Meningkatkan Pemahaman Nilai Antikorupsi Siswa SMP Kelas VII
Authors: Prastiyo Andi , Sudikan Setya Yuwana , Suyatno Suyatno
Published: December 2020

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menghasilkan deskripsi tentang 1) proses pengembangan buku suplemen teks fabel untuk pemahaman nilai antikorupsi siswa SMP kelas VII, 2) kualitas pengembangan buku suplemen teks fabel untuk pemahaman nilai antikorupsi siswa SMP kelas VII yang diukur berdasarkan kevalidan dan kepraktisan buku suplemen. Penelitian ini dirancang menggunakan metode penelitian pengembangan. Prosedur pengembangan buku suplemen menggunakan model pengembangan 4-D. Proses pengembangan buku suplemen model ini terdiri atas empat tahap, yaitu pendefinisian, perancangan, pengembangan, dan penyebaran. Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan berupa studi pustaka dan observasi. Studi pustaka digunakan untuk memperoleh dasar-dasar dan pendapat secara tertulis sehingga didapatkan data sekunder yang akan digunakan sebagai landasan perbandingan antara teori dengan praktiknya di lapangan. Observasi digunakan untuk melihat keterlaksanaan proses pengembangan meliputi pendefinisian, perancangan, dan pengembangan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa buku suplemen teks fabel layak digunakan karena dapat meningkatkan pemahaman nilai antikorupsi siswa. Hal ini dibuktikan dengan kualitas buku suplemen teks fabel sudah valid, praktis, dan efektif digunakan. Rincian kepraktisan, yaitu hasil keterlaksanaan rencana pelaksanaan pembelajaran sebesar 80,1% berkategori baik, hasil respons guru sebesar 81,3% berkategori baik, dan hasil respons siswa sebesar 85,7% berkategori sangat baik. Kemudian, tingkat keefektifan buku suplemen teks fabel berkategori sangat baik. Rincian keefektifan, yaitu hasil aktivitas guru sebesar 88,4% berkategori sangat baik, hasil aktivitas siswa sebesar 85,7% berkategori sangat baik, dan hasil ketuntasan belajar sebesar 99% berkategori sangat baik.
Population density of some species of basidiomycetes under conditions of radioactive contamination and pathogen damage in forest ecosystems
Authors:   National University of Life and Environmental Sciences of Ukraine, Boyko O.A. , Landin V.P. ,   Institute for Safety Problems of Nuclear Power Plants of NAS of Ukraine, Didenko P.V. ,   Polissya National University, Biletskyi A.V. ,   National University of Life and Environmental Sciences of Ukraine, Vashkevych P.Yu. ,   National University of Life and Environmental Sciences of Ukraine, Sus N.P. ,   Institute of Agroecology and Environmental management of NAAS, Boyko A.L. ,   Institute of Agroecology and Environmental management of NAAS
Published: December 2020

The radiologically, ecologically and biologically safe mushroom raw materials are necessary to create some environmentally friendly bioorganic stimulators of plant growth and development and many other products. Therefore, we researched the population density of Ganoderma lucidum (Curt.: Fr.) P. Karst., Agaricus bisporus (J.E.Lange) Imbach, Pleurotus ostreatus (Jacq. ex Fr.) P.Kumm, Armillariella mellea (Vah1. ex Fr.) Karst., whitch are often used to create plant growth stimulants, in their natural habitat under conditions of radioactive contamination and pathogen damage. The study was conducted in six biogeocenoses: Shatsk National Natural Park (Volyn Oblast, Ukraine), Regional Landscape Park «Islands of Izmail» (Odessa Oblast, Ukraine), around the urban-type settlement of Kornyn (Zhytomyr Oblast, Ukraine), around the village of Korolivka (Zhytomyr Oblast, Ukraine), around the village of Lysivka (Zhytomyr Oblast, Ukraine), around the city of Vyshhorod (Kyiv Oblast, Ukraine). Pathogens were identified by standard mycological, bacteriological and virological methods. Radiocesium contamination density of soil, as a parameter of radioactive contamination, was determined by spectrophotometric method. The highest population density of Ganoderma lucidum was in Regional Landscape Park «Islands of Izmail». In this biogeocenosis, G. lucidum was almost not affected by pathogens, and radiocesium contamination density of soil was 18.5 kBq/m2. Agaricus bisporus and Armillariella mellea grew in biotopes with high radiocesium contamination density of soil. For example, in forest ecosystems around the city of Vyshhorod, where the average radiocesium contamination density of soil was 111.0 kBq/m2, population density of A. mellea was 0,39 fruit bodies per m2. At the same time, 15% of A. mellea in this biogeocenosis were affected by various pathogens. Thus, the use of wild mushrooms as raw materials should be preceded by testing for biological and radiological contamination.
Contentof chlorophylls in the leaves of plants of the genus of Canna L. in conditions of Kryvyi Rih
Authors:   Institute of Evolutionary Ecology of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Mazura M.Yu.
Published: December 2020

The content and dynamics of chlorophylls a and b of the photosynthetic organ (leaf) of representatives of the genus Canna L. were studied at different phases of plant growth and development: at the beginning of the growing season, in the generative phase, at the end of the growing season under conditions of Kryvyi Rih. A high content of chlorophylls in the leaves of most of the studied canna varieties was noted, compared with the species (with the exception of C. indica). A common trend for canna plants was an increase in the total number of chlorophylls in generative phase. Varieties of canna Capter, Vesolyye notki, Richard Wallis, which have litle leaf parameters, were characterized by a low total content of photopigments during the growing season and chlorophyll b in the generative phase, which indicates a significant sensitivity of plants to arid conditions in the region. Plants of the Fauervogel, Rosenkranzen and Krymskiye Zori varieties (with large leaf blades) were characterized by a high concentration of green pigments during the growing season, and chlorophyll b in the generative phase, this feature in the functioning of the photosynthetic apparatus is consistent with a high assessment of the level of adaptation of these plants in drought conditions. Therefore, indicators of the state of the assimilation apparatus of plants of the genus Canna L. can be used to determine their level of fitness for moisture deficiency during introduction studies.
Comparative assessment of drinking water quality of individual settlements of Mogils-Podilsky district of Vinnitsa region
Authors:   National University of Life and Environmental Sciences of Ukraine, Kravchenko О.О. , Galimova В.М. ,   National University of Life and Environmental Sciences of Ukraine, Kopilevich V.A. ,   National University of Life and Environmental Sciences of Ukraine, Churilov А.М. ,   National University of Life and Environmental Sciences of Ukraine, Chobotar V.V. ,   National University of Life and Environmental Sciences of Ukraine
Published: December 2020

The work is devoted to the actual problem of environmental safety and quality assessment of various water sources Mohyliv-Podilsky district of Vinnitsa region. It has been carried out hydrochemical analysis and calculated an index of pollution of natural waters, biological testing performed using a battery of test organisms, given recommendations to improve the water quality of the study area.It has been established that the most indicative parameters of pollution of water supply sources are hardness indicators, concentration of cadmium, lead, nitrates. None of the investigated sources have corresponded to the “clean water” indicator. Water samples that as a result of hydro-chemical analysis had been characterized by relatively safe, exhibited chronic toxicity for invertebrates. It has been found that water from a centralized source is characterized by the acute toxicity and leads to changes in living organisms at the cellular level. It is recommended to carry out quarterly water sampling in the indicated sources; minimization of the use of nitrogen fertilizers in settlements, in particular, near water supply sources.
Diversity of bird communities of the forest in the Boyarska experimental station at the gradient of anthropic load
Authors:   National University of Life and Environmental Sciences of Ukraine, Gaychenko V.A. , Shupova T.V. ,   Institute ofEvolutionary Ecology of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine
Published: December 2020

Bird communities was researched according to the transect method in the nesting period of 2013 and 2015. 4 model forest plots in the Boyarskaya Experimental Station were selected. All of them are culturelphytocenoses based onPinus sylvestris L., Quercus robur L., Q. rubra L. The species composition of birds, their abundance, α-diversity indices, synanthropization index of bird communities (to Jedryctkowski) were analyzed. The similarity of bird communities was determined using cluster analysis in "Origin Pro 9.0". 65 bird species of 11 orders were recorded. 35 species of them live in the species reserve. On model plots that not have conservation status, the number of species in bird communities is 20–27. In plots with a dominance of Q. robur, 42 species were recorded, with a dominance of P. sylvestris - 35 species of the birds. Dominants in bird communities Parus major L. and Fringilla coelebs L. The presence in the list of subdominants Anthus trivialis L. and Phylloscopus sibilatrix Bechstein is a positive characteristic of the forest. The synanthropic of bird communities increases according to the increase in anthropic load: the synanthropization index from 0.4 to 0.65, the relative abundance of synanthropic birds in communities from 0.66 to 0.81. There are no alien birds. The species diversity and the number of bird species in the communities decreases along the gradient of increasing anthropic load. The similarity of bird communities and their α-diversity depends by the anthropic load, and not by the ratio of the species composition of the forest trees. The distribution of relative abundance of species in bird communities, on the contrary, is associated with the ratio of the species composition of trees. In forest plots dominated by P. sylvestris, bird communities are balanced, in plots with a predominance of Q. robur, disturbances in the development of bird communities are noticeable.
Le contrôle citoyen sur les finances locales dans l’Union européenne
Authors: Chouvel Rudy
Published: December 2020

Dans une douzaine d’États de l’Union européenne ou dans certaines régions de ces États, les citoyens peuvent demander aux organes de contrôle externe de finances des collectivités locales de diligenter un audit sur certaines opérations ou procédures dont ils doutent de la régularité ou de la pertinence. Ces demandes peuvent être individuelles ou collectives, spontanées ou sollicitées par les organes de contrôle eux-mêmes qui restent toujours seuls juges des suites réservées à celles-ci.
To The Problem of Speech Attribution of the Performative Statement “I Recommend” in the Internet Review
Authors: Bylina E.E.
Published: December 2020

The article aims to define a speech act (SA), for the explication of which the performative statement of “I recommend” in the Internet review is used. The following tasks are set: to carry out a semantic analysis of the dictionary definitions of the verb to recommend; to analyze the implementation of the values of the verb in the performative statement “I recommend” in the Internet review; to identify the means at different levels of the linguistic system (lexical, grammatical, phonetic) that affect the intensity of the illocutive force of the given expression in the Internet review. The research was based on about 150 English-language online reviews of Beauty and personal care products from Amazon.com. In the course of work on the article the following general scientific methods were used: generalization, systematization, classification, analysis and synthesis of material; linguistic methods: continuous sampling of fragments of discourse, vocabulary definition analysis, transformation analysis, contextual analysis, linguistic-statistical method. As a result of the analysis, the author comes to the conclusion about the hybrid nature of SA, for the explication of which the performative statement of “I recommend” in the Internet review is used and consists of advice and positive evaluation (approval). A number of means at different language levels are used for the effectiveness of these SAs.
To the issue of ash-leaved maple (Acer negundo L.) efficient use in the Moscow municipal forestry
Authors: Yasinskaya Oksana I. , Kostina Marina V. , Barabanshchikova Natalya S.
Published: December 2020

The North American ash-leaved maple is one of the most dangerous invasive species in Russia. However, due to the high seed production and the ability to grow in the environmentally unfriendly territories, it spread widely in Moscow, forming the tangle of tilted and curved trees, which are not much decorative. The rapid reduction of the ash-leaved maple population may exacerbate the adverse environmental situation in the city. The study of the species’ biomorphological features, as well as the consequences of the spontaneous pruning performed by the landscapers, makes it possible to issue recommendations on adjusting the crowns of curved and tilted trees, multi-stem trees, as well as on improving the appearance of tangles. Thanks to the dormant buds, Acer negundo easily tolerates the most radical variants of rejuvenating pruning, allowing to reduce the crown of trees to a height of 3–4 m, to form low-growing trees with a height of 1.5–2 m, as well as living thickets, to correct the crown of tilted and bent trees by shortening the trunk to a powerful shoot arising on the trunk from a dormant bud, and removing, in case of a bifurcation of the trunk, the most deflected trunk.
Groundwater Pumping Management in Controlling Seawater Up-Coning in The North Coastal Area of Makassar
Authors: Badaruddin Sugiarto , Azis Akhmad , Ashari Muhammad Fadhil , Jannah Miftahul , Ali Ilham , Ihsan Muhammad
Published: December 2020

In big cities, communities generally consume clean water from local water supply company which uses surface water sources. However, due to the limitations of the company in supplying water, particularly in the dry season, an alternative is required, such as using groundwater without causing over-exploitation. This study aims to determine the optimal rate of groundwater pumping in the coastal aquifer to avoid seawater up coning using SEAWAT V.4 numerical model. The research method was carried out using a GEO-7X GPS device to obtain coordinate's location, land elevation and observation well distance from the coastline. Secondary data in the form of aquifer thickness data and geological map of the site were obtained from previous studies. The salinity test results show that the average salinity value of the ten water samples from observation wells is 36.8 mg/l, which means that the water is categorized as non-saline water (freshwater). These data are in line with the groundwater utilization monitoring activity report of Makassar City Environment Office in 2018, which reported that Ujung Tanah and Wajo Districts were found to be free from seawater intrusion. Even so, the potential for seawater intrusion is still considered high because of the location of community groundwater wells are near from the coast. One of the efforts to prevent seawater up coning is by limiting groundwater pumping. From the numerical modeling results, it is found that the maximum groundwater discharge in the research site, namely P3 is 20% of total flow rate(0.3 m3/day), P5 is 20% (1.32 m3/day), P6 is 40% (0.52 m3/day) and P10 is 20%(0.63 m3/day).
RANCANG BANGUN PEMBANGKIT LISTRIK ALTERNATIFDENGAN BANTUAN PULLY DAN BELT MOTOR DC SEBAGAI PENGGERAK ALTERNATOR
Authors: Sofiah Sofiah , Hurairah Muhammad
Published: December 2020

ABSTRAC Electricity is a source of energy that is widely used for the needs of household electrical appliances that are needed within 24 hours of continuously supplying electricity. Most of the mains voltage is supplied from the state 220 volt. When the electricity goes out, the electrical equipment cannot function properly, therefore there must be an alternative source of electricity to replace it. The purpose of this research is to design an alternative power plant from the initial drive system of a dc motor with mechanical motion transfer using pully and van belt as the drive for the dc alternator. The research method used in this research has the following stages: 1). Designing a dc motor and a dc alternator as a producer of electrical energy, 2). Installing AS bearings, vanbelt and pully, 3). testing and measuring dc motors and dc alternators, 4). Calculate and analyze the design results. From this research, the direct current generated by the accumulator with a voltage of 12 Vdc with a current charge of 10 AH, so that it can be used to turn on the inverter as a means of converting the voltage of a direct power source into an alternating current with a voltage of 220 V to turn on household electrical appliances when supplied. from PLN experiencing a blackout. So that our daily work can run smoothly without any constraints on the flow of electricity.Keywords: MotorDC, PullyVanBelt, Alternator
Estuary Changes of Cipunagara and Cimanuk River Using Landsat Imagery Spatial Analysis
Authors: Nur Wawan Hendriawan , Hendrizan Marfasran , Nurhidayati Ayu Utami , Ismayanto Ahmad Fauzi
Published: December 2020

The north coastal Java located in the West Java, especially in Cirebon, Indramayu, and Subang, occurs loss and forming new land by abrasion and accretion processes. Observation using satellite imagery can be used as an initial stage to determine the distribution of abrasion and accretion around the north coastal area. Observation of land changes was assigned using Landsat imagery from 1978 to 2020. The result shows that inland change was controlled by abrasion and accretion. It is occurred in Indramayu and Subang, especially in several areas around large rivers e.g. Cipunegara and Cimanuk Rivers. Estuary changes in the Cipunegara and Cimanuk Rivers were controlled by the high flux sediment deposition of the river mouths affecting the new land forming due to the accretion process. Monitoring through Landsat satellite imagery on the Cipunagara River from 1978 to 2020 shows that there was 205 Ha of new land. Remote sensing analysis in the Cimanuk River area shows that the estuary line from 1978 to 2020 experienced accretion or new land forming for 629 Ha.
Tra il pensiero e il realizzato: un caso di studio presso l’Università Federale di Amazonas
Authors: Pereira Ilton da Silva
Published: December 2020

Il testo fa parte della ricerca di dottorato condotta dall’Universidad Americana de Asunción/Paraguay che ha discusso della gestione dei materiali: una nuova logistica per una metodologia degli inventari e l’indirizzamento nel Dipartimento di Materiale dell’Università Federale di Amazonas – UFAM. Il suo problema è: le principali sfide incontrate dal Coordinamento del Magazzino Centrale dell’Università Federale di Amazonas; e come obiettivo fare un confronto tra i magazzini di UFMG / UEMG / UFAM. Per quanto riguarda l’approccio, si occupa di una ricerca bibliografica e sul campo. Si conclude che nel magazzino l’ubicazione dei materiali sta diventando sempre più complessa quando i volumi sono grandi e la loro tendenza è quella di crescere ancora di più.
Nationales Eisenpanorama zwischen 2010 und 2014
Authors: Rocha Karina Dias , Araújo Franciolli da Silva Dantas , Fecury Amanda Alves , Oliveira Euzébio , Dendasck Carla Viana , Dias Claudio Alberto Gellis de Mattos
Published: December 2020

Bergbau ist die Tätigkeit, die darauf abzielt, ein Mineralgut aus der Erdkruste zu entfernen, was etwa 5 % des brasilianischen BIP im Jahr 2014 entspricht. Eisen ist ein leicht oxidierbares, zweifelhaftes und magnetisches chemisches Element. Es ist die häufigste, billigste und wichtigste von Metallen. Hämatit (Fe2 O3) ist das Hauptmineral mit einem vorherrschenden Eisengehalt in seiner Zusammensetzung. Im Jahr 2010 machte Brasiliens Eisenproduktion etwa 15 % der Weltproduktion aus. Auf die Stahlindustrie entfallen 99 % des weltweiten Eisenverbrauchs. Die Seeroute ist das wichtigste Transportmittel für Denwaren zwischen Brasilien und dem Außenhandel. Die Forschung wurde durch den Zugriff auf die DNPM-Website durchgeführt, die gesammelten Daten waren von 2010 bis 2014. In dieser Zeit hatte Australien das größte Mineralreservat von Eisen und China die größte Produktion in der Welt. 2013 ging die brasilianische Eisenproduktion und der effektive Verbrauch zurück. Die nationale Wirtschaft und der Welthandel waren die Hauptfaktoren für die Instabilität des brasilianischen Mineralsektors zwischen 2010 und 2014. Der Rückgang des Eisenpreises auf dem Weltmarkt führte 2013 zum Rückgang der Eisenproduktion in Brasilien, als der Eisenverbrauch in Brasilien von der Wirtschaftskrise, von der das Land betroffen war, stark beeinträchtigt wurde. Chinas hohe Investitionen in den Mineralsektor haben die Beteiligung des Landes am Welthandel erhöht und sind zwischen 2010 und 2014 der weltweit führende Eisenproduzent geworden.
新时期如何提高办公室政工人员工作水平
Authors: 陈 银松
Published: December 2020

近年来，在多方面利好因素的影响下，使得我国社会综合国力得到了显著的提升，从而为各个领域的发展壮大带来了良好的机遇，促进了各个企业的健康发展。办公室是企业内部的重要办事机构，其最为重要的职责就是职工与企业之间沟通的纽带，在企业发展中的作用是十分重要的。在社会经济快速发展的形势下，办公室的重要作用越发的凸显出来，所以利用有效的方式方法对提升办公室政工人员的专业水平加以提升是促进办公室工作效率的重要基础。在办公室日常工作中，牵涉到多项业务工作，并且都与公司业务存在密切的关联。换句话说，办公室工作在企业发展中起到了至关重要的作用。如果政工工作人员专业水平和综合素养较差，那么必然会对办公室工作的开展造成一定的制约，甚至会引发巨大的经济损失。
企业政工管理的意义及其创新策略解析
Authors: 曾 晨
Published: December 2020

近年来，我国加大了改革开放的力度，从而为我国社会经济水平的不断提升打下了坚实的基础，在这种形势下也为各个领域的发展壮大带来了诸多的机遇，与此同时也使得企业之间的竞争越发的严峻。思想政治教育工作在推动企业稳定持续发展方面具有十分重要的影响作用，所以企业务必要重视思想教育工作的开展，充分结合实际情况，将思想教育工作渗透到日常工作各个细节之中，引导员工形成正确的人生观和价值观。
大数据思维在金融学研究中的运用分析
Authors: 吴 媛
Published: December 2020

在社会快速发展的带动下，使得我国科学技术水平得到了显著的提升，从而为各个领域的发展壮大带来了良好的机遇。就现如今实际情况来说，我国金融学研究思维模式还停留在老旧的模式上，所以已经无法满足社会发展的实际需要了。现下，大数据已经成为了各个领域发展的重要基础，合理的运用大数据来实施专业研究工作，能够有效的提升研究工作的效率和效果，对于金融学的良好发展能够起到积极的影响作用。鉴于此，这篇文章主要针对大数据思维在金融学研究方面的作用展开全面深入的研究分析，希望能够对我国金融学研究工作的良好发展有所帮助。
国有建筑企业人才流失原因及对策
Authors: 李 佳
Published: December 2020

随着知识经济时代的高速发展，企业之间竞争愈发激烈，企业的竞争实际上是人才的竞争。由于外企与国内民营企业的发展，使得本来具备优势的国有建筑施工企业出现大量的人才流失，因此，如何留住人才，值得国企不断努力和探索。通过对近年来国有建筑施工企业人才流失的分析，探讨了国有建筑企业人才流失的原因，并提出了留住人才的对策进行分析。
MATHEMATICAL MODELING OF THE HEAT TRANSFER PROCESS IN THE SYSTEM OF MULTILAYER CYLINDRICAL SOLID BODIES CONSIDERING INTERNAL SOURCES OF HEAT
Authors: Pazen O , Tatsiy R
Published: December 2020

The article is devoted to the application of the direct method to the study of heat transfer processes in the "continuous cylinder inside a multilayer cylindrical shell" system. To solve the initial problem, an auxiliary problem is posed with a “remote” cylinder of sufficiently small radius. The solution is based on the reduction method, the concept of quasiderivatives, the Fourier scheme using the modified eigenfunctions method. The solution to the original problem was obtained by following the radius of the remote cylinder to zero.
Determination of Nutrient Accumulation Pattern of New Aromatic Rice (Oryza sativa L.) as Influenced by Different Applied Fertilizers and Plant Spacing
Authors: Chowdhury AKM Alauddin , Mamun Md Nurul Huda Al , Islam Md Khairul , Farazi Md Mohashin
Published: December 2020

Field and laboratory experiments were conducted at the Bangabandhu Sheikh MujiburRahman Agricultural University, Gazipur, during boro season of 2015-2016 to determine the response of rice crop (BU Dhan 2) to different plant densities under different fertilizer levels. The variety was grown with three fertilizer levels viz. recommended (57-10-8-7-0.9 kg NPKSZn ha-1), 50% higher (114-20- 16-14-1.8 kg NPKSZn ha-1) and 50% lower (28.5-5-4-3.5-0.45 kg NPKSZn ha-1) than recommended level and three plant spacing (20 cm x 25 cm, 20 cm x 20 cm and 20 cm x 15 cm) representing wider, standard and closer plant densities. Nutrient uptake of the variety was higher at higher level of fertilizer and closer plant spacing. The highest grain yield 5.18 t ha-1 of the variety was associated with the highest nutrient uptake under higher dose of fertilizer at closer plant spacing. This treatment combination also showed the highest nitrogen (86.53 kg ha-1), phosphorus (9.85 kg ha-1), potassium (103.9 kg ha-1), sulphur (12.27 kg ha-1) and zinc uptake (265.76 g ha-1) of the variety, although nutrient use efficiency was higher at lower fertilizer level under wider plant density.

The Agriculturists 2020; 18(1) 31-41
A Limb Hypothermia Wearable for Chemotherapy-Induced Peripheral Neuropathy: A Mixed-Methods Approach in Medical Product Development
Authors: Binder Jonathan , Unver Ertu , Clayton Jane , Burke Patrick , Paxman Richard , Sundar Raghav , Bandla Aishwarya
Published: December 2020

Chemotherapy-Induced Peripheral Neuropathy (CIPN) is a common dose-limiting side-effect of taxane-based chemotherapy, causing progressive and often irreversible pain/sensitivity in the hands and feet. Prevention/treatments for CIPN are not well-developed and urgently needed. Limb cryocompression during chemotherapy has demonstrated promising early data of preventing/reducing CIPN severity. Currently there are no medical devices available that are dedicated to the specific requirements of CIPN prevention. As part of our ongoing development of a dedicated CIPN-prevention limb cryocompression system, this study documents the design & development of the wearable arm wrap, a central component of the system, from initial concept to a trial-ready prototype. A collaborative and multidisciplinary approach was adopted to address the complex and high-risk nature of this SME (Small Medium Enterprise)-centered medical device design & development process. The complementary collaboration unites multidisciplinary expertise spanning the scope of the project. Alongside the clinical, academic, and design & development expertise, the integration of commercial expertise is imperative to promote the market viability, and ultimate success, of the development. As the global leading experts in scalp cooling specializing in the prevention of chemotherapy-induced alopecia, UK-based SME Paxman Coolers Ltd is optimally positioned to support the commercial and regulatory dimensions. Development and adoption of a novel mixed-methodology (HudPAX) facilitated the integration of evidence-based and user-centered techniques to optimize the design & development approach and ensure integration of all critical design inputs. Alpha prototypes were designed through evidence-based approaches, with data from existing clinical trials utilized to determine the preliminary design inputs, alongside 3D ergonomic data. Investigations utilized computer-aided design, rapid prototyping, additive manufacturing, sketch modeling, and fast ideation. User-based approaches facilitated stakeholder-feedback through expert focus groups, informing further design & development and projecting the design into the next stage, Beta prototyping, for use in large-scale efficacy trials and upscaling manufacturing. This paper demonstrates a novel mixed-methods approach, which promotes cross-sector multidisciplinary collaboration, to address the complex multi-layered challenges posed by an early-stage medical device design & development process.
Next-Generation Sequencing Combined With Conventional Sanger Sequencing Reveals High Molecular Diversity in Actinidia Virus 1 Populations From Kiwifruit Grown in China
Authors: Wen Shaohua , Wang Guoping , Yang Zuokun , Wang Yanxiang , Rao Min , Lu Qian , Hong Ni
Published: December 2020

Kiwifruit (Actinidia spp.) is native to China. Viral disease–like symptoms are common on kiwifruit plants. In this study, six libraries prepared from total RNA of leaf samples from 69 kiwifruit plants were subjected to next-generation sequencing (NGS). Actinidia virus 1 (AcV-1), a tentative species in the family Closteroviridae, was discovered in the six libraries. Two full-length and two near-full genome sequences of AcV-1 variants were determined by Sanger sequencing. The genome structure of these Chinese AcV-1 variants was identical to that of isolate K75 and consisted of 12 open reading frames (ORFs). Analyses of these sequences together with the NGS-derived contig sequences revealed high molecular diversity in AcV-1 populations, with the highest sequence variation occurring at ORF1a, ORF2, and ORF3, and the available variants clustered into three phylogenetic clades. For the first time, our study revealed different domain compositions in the viral ORF1a and molecular recombination events among AcV-1 variants. Specific reverse transcriptase–polymerase chain reaction assays disclosed the presence of AcV-1 in plants of four kiwifruit species and unknown Actinidia spp. in seven provinces and one city.
Structural Characterization of SARS-CoV-2: Where We Are, and Where We Need to Be
Authors: Mariano Giuseppina , Farthing Rebecca J. , Lale-Farjat Shamar L. M. , Bergeron Julien R. C.
Published: December 2020

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has rapidly spread in humans in almost every country, causing the disease COVID-19. Since the start of the COVID-19 pandemic, research efforts have been strongly directed towards obtaining a full understanding of the biology of the viral infection, in order to develop a vaccine and therapeutic approaches. In particular, structural studies have allowed to comprehend the molecular basis underlying the role of many of the SARS-CoV-2 proteins, and to make rapid progress towards treatment and preventive therapeutics. Despite the great advances that have been provided by these studies, many knowledge gaps on the biology and molecular basis of SARS-CoV-2 infection still remain. Filling these gaps will be the key to tackle this pandemic, through development of effective treatments and specific vaccination strategies.
TSPO Ligands PK11195 and Midazolam Reduce NLRP3 Inflammasome Activation and Proinflammatory Cytokine Release in BV-2 Cells
Authors: Feng Hao , Liu Yongxin , Zhang Rui , Liang Yingxia , Sun Lina , Lan Nannan , Ma Baoyu
Published: December 2020

Neuroinflammation related to microglial activation plays an important role in neurodegenerative diseases. Translocator protein 18 kDa (TSPO), a biomarker of reactive gliosis, its ligands can reduce neuroinflammation and can be used to treat neurodegenerative diseases. Therefore, we explored whether TSPO ligands exert an anti-inflammatory effect by affecting the nucleotide-binding domain-like receptor protein 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome, thereby inhibiting the release of inflammatory cytokines in microglial cells. In the present study, BV-2 cells were exposed to lipopolysaccharide (LPS) for 6 h to induce an inflammatory response. We found that the levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS), NLRP3 inflammasome, interleukin-1β (IL-1β), and interleukin-18 (IL-18) were significantly increased. However, pretreatment with TSPO ligands inhibited BV-2 microglial and NLRP3 inflammasome activation and significantly reduced the levels of ROS, IL-1β, and IL-18. Furthermore, a combination of LPS and ATP was used to activate the NLRP3 inflammasome. Both pretreatment and post-treatment with TSPO ligand can downregulate the activation of NLRP3 inflammasome and IL-1β expression. Finally, we found that TSPO was involved in the regulation of NLRP3 inflammasome with TSPO ligands treatment in TSPO knockdown BV2 cells. Collectively, these results indicate that TSPO ligands are promising targets to control microglial reactivity and neuroinflammatory diseases.
Long Noncoding RNA MIR210HG Promotes the Warburg Effect and Tumor Growth by Enhancing HIF-1α Translation in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer
Authors: Du Ye , Wei Na , Ma Ruolin , Jiang Shu-Heng , Song Dong
Published: December 2020

Background

Hypoxia is an important environmental factor and has been correlated with tumor progression, treatment resistance and poor prognosis in many solid tumors, including triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC). Emerging evidence suggests that long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) functions as a critical regulator in tumor biology. However, little is known about the link between hypoxia and lncRNAs in TNBC.

Methods

TNBC molecular profiles from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) were leveraged to identify hypoxia-related molecular alterations. Loss-of-function studies were performed to determine the regulatory role of MIR210HG in tumor glycolysis. The potential functions and mechanisms of hypoxia-MIR210HG axis were explored using qPCR, Western blotting, luciferase reporter assay, and polysome profiling.

Results

We found that MIR210HG is a hypoxia-induced lncRNA in TNBC. Loss-of-function studies revealed that MIR210HG promoted the Warburg effect as demonstrated by glucose uptake, lactate production and expression of glycolytic components. Mechanistically, MIR210HG potentiated the metabolic transcription factor hypoxia-inducible factor 1α (HIF-1α) translation via directly binding to the 5’-UTR of HIF-1α mRNA, leading to increased HIF-1a protein level, thereby upregulating expression of glycolytic enzymes. MIR210HG knockdown in TNBC cells reduced their glycolytic metabolism and abolished their tumorigenic potential, indicating the glycolysis-dependent oncogenic activity of MIR210HG in TNBC. Moreover, MIR210HG was highly expressed in breast cancer and predicted poor clinical outcome.

Conclusion

Our results decipher a positive feedback loop between hypoxia and MIR210HG that drive the Warburg effect and suggest that MIR210HG may be a good prognostic marker and therapeutic target for TNBC patients.
MicroRNA-18a-5p Suppresses Tumor Growth via Targeting Matrix Metalloproteinase-3 in Cisplatin-Resistant Ovarian Cancer
Authors: Quiñones-Díaz Blanca I. , Reyes-González Jeyshka M. , Sánchez-Guzmán Victoria , Conde-Del Moral Isabel , Valiyeva Fatma , Santiago-Sánchez Ginette S. , Vivas-Mejía Pablo E.
Published: December 2020

Cumulating evidence indicates that dysregulation of microRNAs (miRNAs) plays a central role in the initiation, progression, and drug resistance of cancer cells. However, the specific miRNAs contributing to drug resistance in ovarian cancer cells have not been fully elucidated. Aimed to identify potential miRNAs involved in platinum resistance, we performed a miRNA expression profile in cisplatin-sensitive and cisplatin-resistant ovarian cancer cells, and we found several differentially abundant miRNAs in the pair of cell lines. Notably, miR-18a-5p (miR-18a), a member of the oncogenic associated miR-17-92 cluster, was decreased in cisplatin-resistant as compared with cisplatin-sensitive cells. Real-time PCR analysis confirmed these findings. We then studied the biological, molecular, and therapeutic consequences of increasing the miR-18a levels with oligonucleotide microRNA mimics (OMM). Compared with a negative control OMM, transient transfection of a miR-18a-OMM reduced cell growth, cell proliferation, and cell invasion. Intraperitoneal injections of miR-18a-OMM-loaded folate-conjugated liposomes significantly reduced the tumor weight and the number of nodules in ovarian cancer-bearing mice when compared with a control-OMM group. Survival analysis using the Kaplan-Meier plotter database showed that ovarian cancer patients with high miR-18a levels live longer in comparison to patients with lower miR-18a levels. Bioinformatic analyses, real-time-PCR, Western blots, and luciferase reporter assays revealed that Matrix Metalloproteinase-3 (MMP-3) is a direct target of miR-18a. Small-interfering RNA (siRNA)-mediated silencing of MMP-3 reduced cell viability, cell growth, and the invasiveness potential of cisplatin-resistant ovarian cancer cells. Our study suggests that targeting miR-18a is a plausible therapeutic strategy for cisplatin-resistant ovarian cancer.
Adipose Tissue SIRT1 Regulates Insulin Sensitizing and Anti-Inflammatory Effects of Berberine
Authors: Shan Yun , Zhang Shuchen , Gao Bin , Liang Shu , Zhang Hao , Yu Xizhong , Zhao Juan , Ye Lifang , Yang Qin , Shang Wenbin
Published: December 2020

Berberine (BBR), which is an active component of Coptis chinensis Franch, has been reported to improve glucose metabolism and insulin resistance in animal and human studies, predominantly via activation of the 5′-adenosine monophosphate kinase (AMPK) pathway and suppression of the inflammation response. However, the mechanisms underlying the effects of BBR on AMPK and inflammation remain unclear. In this present study, we found that BBR upregulated SIRT1 expression in 3T3L-1 adipocytes and adipose tissue. Inhibition of SIRT1 blunted the BBR-induced increase in glucose consumption and uptake in adipocytes. The BBR-induced activation of the AMPK pathway and AKT phosphorylation in adipocytes and adipose tissue were also attenuated by inhibition or knockout of Sirt1. The BBR-induced improvement of systemic insulin sensitivity was impaired by Sirt1 knockout in HFD-induced obese mice. The suppressing effects of BBR on systemic and local inflammatory responses, such as serum concentrations and expression of inflammatory cytokines, phosphorylation of c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) and IKKβ, and the accumulation of F4/80-positive macrophages in adipose tissue were also attenuated in Sirt1 knockout mice. The BBR-induced decrease in PGC-1α acetylation was reversed by inhibition or knockout of Sirt1 in adipocytes and adipose tissue. Together, these results indicate that adipose tissue SIRT1 is a key regulator of the insulin sensitizing and anti-inflammatory effects of BBR, which contributes to the improvement of metabolic dysregulation.
What Is Recovery Like After Traumatic Brain Injury?
Authors: Morrow Emily L. , Duff Melissa C.
Published: December 2020

In the movies, many characters heal very quickly after getting hurt. Some, like Wolverine or Rapunzel, even have special healing powers. However, when a person gets hurt in real life, it may take a lot of patience and hard work to get better. People who are recovering from an injury may also need support from the community and care from healthcare and educational professionals. In particular, it takes time and hard work to recover after a traumatic brain injury (TBI). People with TBI work with a special group of professionals, called a rehabilitation team, to get better. In this article, we will learn about a boy named Dante, who had a TBI after falling off his bicycle. We will learn what happened in Dante’s brain after he got hurt and how his rehabilitation team helped him after his TBI. We will finish up by talking about how you can help people with TBI in your community.
Microclimate-Based Pest and Disease Management through a Forewarning System for Sustainable Cotton Production
Authors: Madasamy Bhuvaneswari , Balasubramaniam Paramasivan , Dutta Ritaban
Published: December 2020

Cotton is an essential commercial crop. Unfortunately, this crop is affected by many pests and diseases, which can cause considerable loss in yield. Climate has a strong correlation with the occurrence of pests and diseases in crops. Currently, weather forecasting services are available to the farmers, which help with weather-based planning of farm operations. Still, weather-based pest and disease forewarning services are not available to all the farmers. Unfortunately, cotton cultivation consumes about one-third of total pesticide consumption, which increases the cost of production apart from polluting the environment. An information and communication technology (ICT) based intelligent pest and disease forewarning system for cotton is an innovative system for providing forewarning on pests and diseases. It aims at improving farm productivity through better crop management. In this paper, the proposed method aims to predict the occurrence of pests and diseases based on microclimatic parameters. This pest and disease forewarning information and appropriate crop management practices will be disseminated to the farmers using electronic media through short message service (SMS), the Internet, etc. In this way, both livelihood security and environmental security are achieved. The proposed model shows a higher optimal performance then the two related works in terms of the average root mean square error rate, average accuracy rate, average percentage error rate, and prediction accuracy.