bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Pronunciation research in recent dissertations
Authors: Levis John M.
Published: September 2019

This editorial looks at L2 pronunciation dissertations from 2017 and 2018 to see what topics were of interest in
research, to examine trends, and to suggest ideas for the future. The largest group of dissertations reflect interest in
instruction and instructional interventions. These interventions look at a wide variety of features, types of instruction (e.g.,
implicit vs. explicit), different L1-L2 combinations, and the importance of materials in teacher training. The next most common
topic was perception, followed by prosody (including stress, intonation, tone and fluency) and acquisition. English and Spanish
were the most frequently studied L2s, indicating a need for L2 pronunciation in less commonly researched languages.
Foundational Issues Relating Spacetime, Matter, and Quantum Mechanics
Authors: Ellis G F R
Published: September 2019

This article proposes the following themes: 1. Space time must be discrete at the micro level. 2. Holonomy is central to any foundational approach to relating spacetime and quantum mechanics. 3. The gravitational field equations should be trace free: gravity is essentially a conformal theory. 4. Times passes; past, present, and future are fundamentally different. 5. Causation is not only bottom-up: contextual effects occur, associated with symmetry breaking 6. Theories must adequately take account of the quantum measurement issue 7. Penrose’s entropy issue is a real issue for cosmology that must be taken into account.
Testing spontaneous collapse models with mechanical experiments
Authors: Vinante Andrea
Published: September 2019

Spontaneous collapse models (CM) have been proposed as a possible solution of the quantum measurement problem. In CM the unitary evolution of the wave function is modified by stochastic corrections which lead to a dynamical reduction at macroscopic level. Unlike interpretations of quantum mechanics, CM predict departures from standard theory that can be experimentally tested. Here, we focus on one of these predictions, a universal force noise acting on any mechanical system. In particular, we discuss recent bounds on collapse models set by ultracold cantilevers experiments and gravitational wave detectors. First notable results are a partial exclusion of the CSL parameters proposed by Adler and a full exclusion of an early model based on quantum gravity ideas.
Effect of the resonance spectra in the propagation of two decaying entangled particles
Authors: García-Calderón Gastón , Romo Roberto , Terán Miguel Ángel
Published: September 2019

An exact analytical solution of the decaying wave function of two identical noninteracting particles, which are entangled by spatial symmetry, is used to analyze the effect of the resonance spectra in the propagation of the decaying probability density outside the interaction potential region. We find, using exactly solvable problems, that a usual approximation that considers the two resonance levels associated with the initial states, is affected substantially in the case of sharp high energy resonances by disrupting the pure exponential decaying regime exhibited by the two resonance level approximation, whereas for broad high energy resonances, we find that the probability density profile is well described by the two resonance approximation.
Entangling quantum fields via a classical gravitational interaction
Authors: Reginatto M , Hall M J W
Published: September 2019

We consider the coupling of quantum fields to classical gravity in the formalism of ensembles on configuration space, a model that allows a consistent formulation of interacting classical and quantum systems. Explicit calculations show that there are solutions for which two initially independent quantum fields evolve into an entangled state, even though their interaction occurs solely via a common classical gravitational field. Thus in contrast to recent suggestions, an observed generation of entanglement would not provide a definitive test of the nonclassical nature of gravity.
From Quantum Mechanics to running Λ cosmologies
Authors: Stachowski A. , Szydłowski M. , Urbanowski K.
Published: September 2019

The cosmological model with running dark energy is considered. We assume that the vacuum of the Universe is in a meta–stable state and decays into a true (bare) vacuum state with increasing time. We use quantum theory of decay processes to find energy of the system in the unstable state and apply obtained results to a description of the running dark energy identified with vacuum energy. We also estimate model parameters using astronomical data. From the astronomical point of view our model is in good agreement with data. Moreover, the framework of this model one can explain naturally, smallness of the cosmological constant parameter Λbare.
Reconciling reality, space and time: A graviton driven quantum mechanism of cosmic expansion and CMB radiation
Authors: Doyen G. , Drakova D.
Published: September 2019

The theory of emerging quantum mechanics (EQM) is a quantum field theory in flat 11 dimensional spacetime, quantizing gravity in the weak interaction limit. In EQM the quantum fields materialize (i.e., they become real) if they entangle with the gravonons, i.e. localized gravitons, thereby forming beables. If not entangled with gravonons, the quantum field is in a limbo state as e.g. exemplified by the state inbetween source and screen in the double slit experiment. Quantum diffusion proceeds via repeated limbo - beable transitions. This leads to the impression that particles having been measured at a certain separation in space suddenly disappear and reappear at a different separation. For any cosmological experiment this is consistent with the interpretation that space has expanded. The rate of cosmic expansion is then equal to the rate of beable - limbo transitions. This rate is calculated from first principles and equals the experimentally determined Hubble parameter. Explicit calculations on the generation of the cosmic microwave radiation (CMB) require to consider the beabling process of the electromagnetic quantum field. The beabling condition is fulfilled for light-atom-lattices (LAL). Temperature emerges in EQM by escape of the particle out of the warp resonance (beable). Without fitting any free model parameter the CMB radiation temperature is 2.2 K, which is to be compared to the experimental value of 2.7 K.
Some aspects of the canonical analysis of Reuter-Weyer RG improved Einstein-Hilbert action
Authors: Gionti Gabriele S. J.
Published: September 2019

A canonical analysis of RG improved action of the Einstein-Hilbert functional is performed. The gravitational and cosmological constants as function of the space-time coordinates are treated as external non-geometrical fields. Dirac’s constraint analysis is performed, in the general case, up to secondary constraints. The constraints are second class and, in general, the problem appears to be technically complicated. This fact suggests studying the Dirac’s constraint analysis of the related Brans-Dicke theory, which shows the Poisson Brackets between Hamiltonian-Hamiltonian constraints do not close.

A simplified FLRW minisuperspace model based on the RG improved Einstein Hilbert action contains Bouncing and Emergent Universes for values of K = –1, 0,1
Mathematics and physics of consistency of the Born rule with normal probability distribution
Authors: Kryukov Alexey A.
Published: September 2019

Newtonian and Scrödinger dynamics can be formulated in a physically meaningful way within the same Hilbert space framework. The resulting unexpected relation between classical and quantum motions goes beyond the results provided by the Ehrenfest theorem. The normal probability distribution and the Born rule turn out to be related. A dynamical mechanism responsible for the latter formula is proposed and applied to measurements of macroscopic and microscopic systems.
Physics in one dimension with perpendicular non-locality
Authors: Cerwen E
Published: September 2019

A single momentum-carrying dimension connected by Lorentz transformations to a perpendicular non-local dimension having time but lacking spatial measures is applied to electromagnetic radiation, thermal radiation, the Schrödinger equation, Kepler’s 3:rd law, the rotation curve of spiral galaxies, and the universe as a whole represented by the linear part of its apparent expansion. This is made possible by identifying and making local terms equal to non-local ones as prescribed by the geometry. For example, 1-D momentum, the oscillating orbited radius of a system and baryonic mass are local whereas field components, oscillation periods and the electron cloud of an atom are non-local. Accordingly, in thermal radiation the physical process of a single quantum transfer replaces field radiation intensity as a function value. The Schrödinger equation can be rearranged and split into factors of circulating current carried by electrons surrounding magnetic charge. The latter result derives from a suitable factorization of the Bohr atom. Based on the assumption that the geometrical framework is valid generally for the rest frame the so-called ‘dark matter’ of galaxies can be identified by analogy with black body radiation and with the electron cloud as being non-local as might be expected of a ‘massive field’. The basic theory yields a radius that is the inverse of a line increment per unit length and per unit time as in Hubble’s constant. A tentative numerical value of this line increment appears as a residue when the Bohr atom is factorized for the purpose of providing a circular current to the Schrödinger equation.
Localized gravitons as essence of dark energy: Implications for accelerated cosmic expansion
Authors: Drakova D. , Doyen G.
Published: September 2019

A theory of Emerging Quantum Mechanics (EQM) has been developed [1] con-tributing to the understanding of the measurement problem by assigning a quantum dynamical process to collapse within Schrödinger’s theory.

EQM treats cosmological problems in a quantum field theory in high dimensional spacetime (11D) including matter and the gravitational field. Gravity is quantized in the weak interaction limit. The EQM Lagrangian contains terms up to fourth order in the gravitational field. Second and fourth order terms are associated with repulsive dark energy and third order terms with attractive dark matter effects. Gravonon-gravonon repulsion, i.e. dark energy in EQM, modifies the structure of the gravitational field and leads to accelerated expansion of the universe.

Quantum diffusion of the matter particles in three dimensional space is suggested as the mechanism of the expansion of the universe. The rate of expansion is given by the frequency of the soft gravitational modes. A lower limit of the deceleration parameter for the expansion of the universe, derived in EQM, is in the range between -0.6 and -0.8, an observed value of -0.55 has been reported.
No-go theorems for ekpyrosis from ten-dimensional supergravity
Authors: Uzawa Kunihito
Published: September 2019

We study whether the new ekpyrotic scenario can be embedded into ten­dimensional supergravity. We use that the scalar potential obtained from flux compactifications of type II supergravity with sources has a universal scaling with respect to the dilaton and the volume mode. Similar to the investigation of inflationary models, we obtain very strong constraints ruling out ekpyrosis from analysing the fast-roll conditions. We conclude that flux compactifications tend to provide potentials that are neither too flat and positive (inflation) nor too steep and negative (ekpyrosis).
Dark matter in modified cosmologies
Authors: Lambiase G.
Published: September 2019

The IceCube experiment discovered a high-energy astrophysical neutrino flux with energies of the order of PeV. To explain this phenomenon one may consider the minimal 4-dimensional operator

∼

y

α
χ

L

L
α

¯

H
χ
.

. An interesting possibility is to also explain the relic abundance of DM in the Universe. Assuming that the cosmological background evolves according to the standard cosmological model, this model fails since the rate of DM decay

Γ
χ

∼

|

y

α
χ

|

2

needed to get the correct DM relic abundance differs by many orders of magnitude with respect that one needed to explain the IceCube data. We show that such a discrepancy can be solved if the Universe evolution is governed by a modified cosmology.
Generalized uncertainty principle in graphene
Authors: Iorio Alfredo , Pais Pablo
Published: September 2019

We show that, by going beyond the low-energy approximation for which the dispersion relations of graphene are linear, the corresponding emergent field theory is a specific generalization a Dirac field theory. The generalized Dirac Hamiltonians one obtains are those compatible with specific generalizations of the uncertainty principle. We also briefly comment on the compatibility of the latter with noncommuting positions, [xi,xj
] ≠ 0, and on their possible physical realization.
On the time continuous evolution of the universe if time is discrete and irreversible in nature
Authors: Riek Roland
Published: September 2019

The time evolution of the universe is usually mathematically described under a continuous time and thus time reversible. Here, the consequences of studying the evolution of a homogenous isotropic universe by time continuous reversible physics are studied if time is actually discrete and irreversible in nature. The discrete dynamical time concept of Lee and its continuous time limit to the continuous time case is applied to the Newtonian limit of the general relativity theory. By doing so, the cosmic constant as well as the inflation of the universe arise and are predicted quantitatively well by assuming the smallest time step to be the Planck time and by using the current size of the universe.
Effects of gamma irradiation on lipid peroxidation, survival and growth of turmeric in vitro culture
Authors: Chusreeaeom K , Khamsuk O
Published: September 2019

Gamma radiation has been widely applied in agriculture for crop improvement; however, it can induce oxidative stress in plant cell. This research aims to study effects of acute and chronic gamma irradiation on lipid peroxidation, plantlets survival and growth rate in M1V1 generation of turmeric. Plantlets cultured on MS medium were exposed to acute gamma radiation from Cs-137 (dose rate 3.7 Gy/min) at 0, 20, 40, 60 and 80 Gy. For chronic irradiation with a Co-60 source (dose rate 0.0057 Gy/min), turmeric were exposed to gamma radiation at 0, 21, 41, 62 and 82 Gy. Results showed that the content of malondialdehyde (MDA) was gradually increased with radiation doses after chronic irradiation, whereas after acute irradiation, it significantly increased at the dose of 40 Gy compared to non-irradiated plantlets. Differences between acute and chronical exposure to gamma irradiation were observed for MDA at the highest dose. Chronic irradiation at 21, 41 and 62 Gy also influenced plant development, mainly due to the stimulation of seedling survival and growth, while 20 Gy acutely gamma irradiation maximally promoted and decreased afterward. The median lethal dose (LD50) and 50% growth reduction dose (GR50) after acutely irradiated were reported to 74 and 66 Gy, respectively.
Dye adsorbent prepared by radiation-induced graft polymerization of acrylic acid onto carboxymethyl cellulose
Authors: Lertsarawut P , Hemvichian K , Rattanawongwiboon T , Suwanmala P
Published: September 2019

Gamma radiation was used to prepare a natural polymer-based adsorbent via radiation-induced grafting polymerization of acrylic acid (AA) onto carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC). Optimization of the grafting process was done by varying a number of parameters from radiation dose to amount of AA and CMC. Characterization by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) confirmed a successful grafting of AA onto CMC, with a maximum grafting efficiency (GE) of 94%. The effectiveness of the graft copolymers for the removal of two standard dyes, malachite green and methyl green, was investigated. The prepared PAA-g-CMC adsorbents resulted in more than 80% of dye removal for malachite green and methyl green, displaying its great capacity to be utilized as an alternative material for wastewater treatment.
Development of EPID-based dosimetry for FFF-beam verification in radiation therapy
Authors: Thongsawad S , Chanton T , Saiyo N , Udee N
Published: September 2019

The purpose of this study was to develop Electronic Portal Imaging Devices (EPID)-based dosimetry for Flattening-Filter-Free (FFF) beam verification. All radiation measurements were performed with source to imager distances (SID) of 150 cm to reduce saturation effect. EPID images were converted to radiation absorbed dose with our algorithm including four parameters: linearity of dose response with Monitor Unit (MU), beam profile correction, collimator scatter, and scatter kernel. The Calibration Units (CU) of image were scaled to dose (Gy) by using linearity of dose response with MU. Off-axis response differences between EPID and water were reduced with beam profile correction. Scatter kernel was applied to EPID images to reduce the residual error. The algorithm accuracy was validated with 12 arcs of Volumetric Modulated Arc Therapy (VMAT) plans by using gamma analysis comparing between EPID-based dosimetry and a plane dose distribution of Treatment Planning Systems (TPS). Gamma Passing Rates (GPR) were used to determine the dose agreements with criteria of 2%, 2 mm and 3%, 3 mm. The mean of GPR was 97.91%, and 99.62% for criteria of 2%,2 mm and, 3%, 3 mm, respectively. Our EPID-based dosimetry showed good agreement with plane dose distribution in water. These results indicated that our EPID-based dosimetry can perform FFF-beam verification.
Environmental-friendly synthesis of reduced graphene oxide (rGO) using gamma irradiation
Authors: Tiamduangtawan P , Saenboonruang K
Published: September 2019

Graphene has drawn much attentions in recent years, mainly due to its excellences in their strength and thermal/electrical conductivity with various possible applications. However, some common graphene synthesis methods involve in using/producing poisonous chemicals and other production drawbacks, leading to attempts to adopt more efficient and more environmental-friendly synthesis methods. This work reported preliminary results in developing a method for graphene synthesis using gamma irradiation on graphene oxide (GO) with the accumulated doses of 14, 21, 28, 35, and 42 kGy, respectively. The results showed that gamma irradiation could successfully initiate the reduction of GO in water-ethanol mixture to reduced graphene oxide (rGO) with different efficiencies, which were confirmed by using SEM, SEM-EDS, UV-Vis spectroscopy, and FT-IR spectroscopy. In particular, SEM-EDS showed that irradiating GO with 35-kGy gamma dose led to the highest reduction of oxygen in GO as seen by the highest ratios of carbon and oxygen (C:O) content in rGO that increased by ~20% compared with the value from GO.
Natural rubber block as gamma radiation shielding for medical applications
Authors: Onjun O , Buasuwan N , Rungseesumran T , Kamwang N , Channuie J , Sinkaew P
Published: September 2019

In this study, a prototype of commercialized-style radiation shielding blocks based on natural rubber mixed with radiation shielding substance (i.e. lead and tungsten compound) was developed. The gamma shielding test was carried out using 137 Cs (662 keV) source and 60Co (1173, 1332 keV) source. The results reveal that based on the gamma attenuation property and forming capability, the optimum formula was a shielding block with 60% lead oxide, which was able to completely shield gamma radiation (> 99%). In comparison with a radiation shielding block with lead oxide, a radiation shielding block with tungsten oxide showed similar characteristics. Due to the higher price of tungsten oxide, natural rubber block with lead oxide is preferred. However, with an environmental concern, natural rubber block with tungsten oxide is selected. Moreover, it was found that the mechanical properties of these radiation shielding blocks (including hardness, tensile strength and elongation at break) were reduced with increasing of the amount of radiation shielding substance mixed in the radiation shielding blocks. However, the reduction of these mechanical properties does not affect the actual utilization since these radiation shielding blocks are normally not subjected to any strong force or pressure. In addition, the SEM images showed the uniform dispersion of radiation shielding substances in the rubber block texture.
Optimization methods of the industrial robots’ trajectory
Authors: Ratiu M , Grebenisan G , Prichici M A , Bogdan S
Published: September 2019

In this paper, we present a part of our wider research regarding modeling, simulation and optimization of the trajectory of the industrial robots. After a short introduction on the importance of the industrial robots, the necessity and widely interest regarding the trajectory optimization, we present a classification of the optimization methods: numerical, computational and hybrid. Then, we make a brief presentation of the main optimization criteria approached in the last few years in several scientific papers, regarding the optimization of the industrial robots’ trajectory.
The study of the motion of a gyroscope without rotational symmetry
Authors: Ciornei F-C , Alaci S , Pentiuc R D , Bujoreanu C , Rusu O T
Published: September 2019

In rigid dynamics theory the gyroscope has a special role, as one of the bodies with the most complex motion, having three degrees of freedom. As consequence of the complexity of the motion is the fact that only for three situations, the equations of motion can be analytically integrated. For all the three situations, it is assumed that the principal moments of inertia (PMI) with respect to the principal axes that are normal to the rotation axes, are equal, condition fulfilled by the shape of body of revolution of the gyroscope. The paper analyses the case when the two principal moments of inertia are unequal. The equations of motion are numerically integrated for different values of the ratio between the two PMI. The effect of the disparity between the two PMI upon the motion of the gyroscope is proved by comparison with the motion of the axisymmetric gyroscope, both obtained by numerical integration.
8D complaint solving method in an automotive component processing company
Authors: Muncut E S , Culda L I , Erdodi G M , Sima G
Published: September 2019

The 8D Report is a method used by engineers and other specialists to solve product or process problems. The purpose of the report is to identify, correct and eliminate recurring problems. The 8D report sets out permanent corrective actions based on the statistical analysis of the problem as well as the origin of the problem. This type of report has been developed by Ford Motor Company and has become a standard in the automotive industry, especially used to solve customer complaints about non-compliant products. The name of the 8D report comes from “8 Disciplines”. These 8 disciplines are actually 8 points that delimit the steps you take if a problem or defect is observed in a process or product. Solution stages are: choice 8D team identification and responsibilities, problem description, defining of the control actions, cause analysis, defining the corrective actions and demonstration of efficacy, the implementation of corrective actions and demonstration of effectiveness, Prevention of recurrence of nonconformities and completion and signing the final report 8D.
Use of dual numbers in kinematical analysis of spatial mechanisms. Part I: principle of the method
Authors: Ciornei F C , Alaci S , Pentiuc R D , Doroftei I
Published: September 2019

The general methodology of solving a problem of kinematical analysis of a spatial mechanism is presented. The method is based on the system proposed by Hartenberg and Denavit, concerning the notations of the coordinate frames attached to the elements of the mechanism and on the closure matrix equation of a kinematical chain. Carrying out the closure equation for the case of spherical mechanisms and then applying the transfer principle of Kotelnikov, the equations which allow for finding the unknown parameters of the kinematical chain are obtained. Starting from the typical form of closure equation based on homogenous operators Hartenberg-Denavit, the closure matrix equation is obtained in dual format. By identifying two special matrices it is shown that the coefficient of the dual part from the closure equation is in fact a sum in which each term is attained from the real part of the closure equation by performing simple operations involving the special matrices, that reduce the calculus volume.
Numerical analysis of the influence of mechanical stress on the battery pack’s housing of an electric vehicle
Authors: Scurtu L , Szabo I , Mariasiu F , Moldovanu D , Mihali L , Jurco Ancuta
Published: September 2019

In this paper is presented a crash simulation analysis of the battery pack in order to increase the stiffness when the electric vehicle is involved in traffic accidents. In the first part is presented the state of the art, highlighting the advantages of using electric vehicles. The second part of the study presents the steps required to create the crash analysis of the battery pack. The CAD design of the assembly model is generated using advanced modelling techniques for two simulations battery pack models: the first model has a basic shape geometry and the second model has a shock absorber mounted on the external faces to reduce the crash impact. The crash analysis of the battery pack is determined for three velocity cases: 7 m/s, 14 m/s and 21 m/s. The final part of the paper presents the simulation results and different advantages of the battery pack geometry with the shock absorber.
Exploring the insights of a consignment stock program implementation in a leagile supply chain
Authors: Faur M , Bungau C
Published: September 2019

Supply chain performance, in terms of total cost, service level and delivery lead-time is an extremely important objective in an organization, being directly linked to inventory management. Therefore, well managed inventory is a main trigger to increasing profitability. In this regard, the present study attempts to explore the readiness of a leagile manufacturing company to embrace consignment stock model, in order to reduce inventory value for raw materials and packaging, as well as to avoid forecast accuracy problems and cash-flow issues. The methodology includes a brief analysis of different types of inventory models, focusing on consignment stock approach and proposes an exploratory case study, represented by a successful implementation of a consignment stock program in a multinational company, having already leagile prerequisites. Using as a basis the insights and learning from the real case, the aim of the study is to develop a business processes framework, accommodated with the IT support software, to serve as a guideline for future implementation of such programs.
An optimization approach by Finite Element Analysis, using Design of Experiments and Response Surfaces- a survey
Authors: Negrău D C , Grebenişan G , Gherghea C
Published: September 2019

The deformation of an aluminum plate, called in this paper, a support plate, which is part of a bending plastic deformation device, is studied in this paper using the Finite Elements Method, respectively design points of the design by optimization using features such as Design of Experiments and Response Surfaces. The start of the analysis was determined by a functional requirement in the design and construction of a sophisticated bending device controlled by steel plates for the production of exhausts for cars. To optimize the project, it was necessary to analyze the behavior of the active material and components of the device. The analysis of material and piece behavior, in working conditions, has been developed by addressing the facilities offered by Ansys software. Following FEA analysis, optimizing the active components of the device has provided proven results in practice through the execution and operation of the device, according to the technology required by the product designer.
Research about the quality of the surface after turning out of duralumin alloy
Authors: Pascu I , Popescu I , Gheorghe S , Geonea I. , Didu A
Published: September 2019

This paper describes a study concerning the inner turning of a piece of duralumin, using 6 values of the feed. The shapes and micro-geometry of the resulting chips have been observed experimentally and these are explained by the large deformations in the cutting area. The processed surfaces, both by enlarging them to a microscope and by measuring the roughness have been experimentally studied. Also, the sections of chips are analysed, giving the theoretical and real dimension values, also interpreted on the basis of the deformations in the cutting area. Also, values of roughness parameters are presented.
The calculus of the temperatures in the characteristic points of the gasoline direct injection engine cycle
Authors: Blaga V , Mitran T , Dragomir G , Făgădar D
Published: September 2019

Based on an own model, the authors have realized the analytical calculus of the temperatures in the characteristic points of the thermodynamic cycle for a GDI engine. These temperatures were calculated depending on the engine’s rotational speed and on the environmental temperature (considered to be equal to the one in the intake valve port) and for an excess air factor λ=1. The first step was the development of the mathematical model of the engine’s cycle. The model includes the presentation of the initial data for the thermal calculus and the correlation between the expressions of the parameters in order to develop the computing programs. The calculated data were compared with experimental data acquired at environmental temperature, at maximum power and at the rotational speed corresponding to the maximum power (full load). The results show that the proposed model is accurate enough to be a useful tool for the study of GDI engines.
Approaching the labor market from a generational perspective
Authors: Pop D , Pop M T
Published: September 2019

Generation research has grown even broader and has deeply extended in the last 30 years. It can be said that the use of research results related to generations in the human resources management is a certainty in to use the best recruitment, selection, and integration methods of employees, to implement the best methods and techniques of stimulating the employee’s creativity and innovation in organizations, communication, etc. An important phenomenon emerged as a result of the generational conflict, which has been highlighted in recent years, is that of the young people named “idlers”, i.e., those inactive on the labor market, called NEET.
Aspects of wear braking process on brake discs and brake pads in the construction of commercial vehicles
Authors: Popa M F , Capătă D M S , Burnete N
Published: September 2019

Economy and low pollution are essential requirements imposed on modern cars. The continuous increase in travel speeds, coupled with the massive increase in the number of vehicles worldwide, has led to the need for the development and use of braking systems to a very high standard. The exploitation of commercial vehicles has as a central factor the profit, which in turn is built on the highest availability of the vehicle and the lowest possible maintenance costs. Both aspects of profit are found in the process of wear of the elements in the braking system. For the owner of a truck, wear is measured in costs (parts and time for repairs). This study shows the result of analyzing multiple sets of data collected from trucks brake control unit in various stages of maintenance and highlights key factors influencing the braking process, also seeking solutions for increased braking performance, reduced wear, reduced maintenance costs for the braking system and increasing the availability of a truck. The processing of braking data and analysis of the braking process, based on the measured data, allowed the identification of some predominant influence factors in the wear of the disc brakes of the analyzed commercial vehicles.
Python-Based Data Analysis Tool for a 6-DoF Industrial Robot
Authors: Alsabbagh A , Nasser A N , Husi G
Published: September 2019

A newly developed tool for analysing and visualizing data based on python. The main aim of this tool is saving the data analysis time by automating the data analysis process and creating a Graphical User Interface (GUI) to facilitate the usage of this tool regardless how much they experience programming with Python. This paper describes the architecture of the developed software tool and provides a variety of examples to show the developed tool’s advanced features and functionalities. Moreover, in this paper, an industrial problem related to data analysis is discussed, and then a solution of this problem is presented. This tool is developed using open source libraries (Pandas, Matplotlib, Tkinter, and SciPy) to manage multi data files at once using one tool, as well as visualizing and storing these data in one file in a clean and organized way.
Design and development of a virtual model of an electric vehicle of category L7
Authors: Pappalardo C M , Lombardi N , Dašić P V , Guida D
Published: September 2019

This study is aimed at creating an accurate mathematical model, developed in Matlab-Simulink through the Simscape library, concerning an electric vehicle of class L7. To this end, a mechanical model with three degrees of freedom is used. The degrees of freedom are advancement, vertical displacement, and pitch. Two degrees of freedom are also added to this dynamical model in order to model the stiffness and the damping of the tires, whose behavior is described by the “Magic Formula”. The propulsion unit is modeled in a standard design configuration. The vehicle can be controlled by supplying the driver’s inputs, by controlling the cruising speed, or by ensuring that the vehicle has a driving cycle. The proposed model allows for identifying the critical aspects of the selected design solution, thereby reducing the time required in the design phases.
Modeling techniques for kinematic analysis of a six-axis robotic arm
Authors: Guida R , De Simone M C , Dašić P , Guida D
Published: September 2019

The purpose of this analysis is to evaluate the effectiveness of different modeling techniques for a COMAU six-axis robot arm. The robot manipulator represents one of the most used robots in the mechanical industry. For robots, with a high number of degrees of freedom, to obtain a kinematic model, Denavit-Hartemberg parameters allow representing geometric transformations in the Euclidean space through the minimum number of parameters. Furthermore, the use of detailed multibody models and the use of sophisticated tools like the Robotics Toolbox System, allow performing, in a very efficient way, inverse kinematic analysis and trajectory planning to control the robot move from one configuration to another.
Increase of operational properties of tools and machine parts nitriding the powder mixture
Authors: Kostyk V O , Kostyk K O , Kovalov V D , Turmanidze R , Dašić P
Published: September 2019

The effect of diffusion layers and alloying elements on surface hardness, micro-coarseness, and wear resistance of hardened tool steels in a nitrogen-containing medium is Studied. The experiments showed that nitriding in the powder mixture strengthens the surface layers in 2–3.5 times without reducing the volume strength of the material in question, which contributes to the preservation of high structural strength of tools and machine parts. It was found that nitriding in the dispersed powder mixture provides increased wear resistance of 1.3–2.5 times of steel, which can significantly improve the reliability and durability of products. Mathematical models of wear resistance of the investigated steels after the proposed hardening technology of nitriding are obtained.
Industrial Cultural Heritage as an Alternative Tourism Model: Case study of the Wider Lavreotiki area in Southeastern Attica
Authors: Cheirchanteri Georgia
Published: September 2019

The cultural heritage of a country includes monuments and historical spots, landscapes and a structured environment, collections, old and on-going cultural practices, knowledge and live experiences. It records the long history and identity of each nation and the collective memory of a place. In modern societies, history and culture have been transformed from process to product, thus becoming an integral part and a powerful reference point of economic life. Modern monuments, from the late 19th to the early 20th century, constitute dynamic systems of cultural heritage; especially industrial buildings that can become part of cultural tourism. The aim of this study is to demonstrate the potential development of the country’s industrial cultural heritage for the diversification of the Greek “tourist product” and the complete promotion and renewal of the traditional touristic destinations in Greece. The development of the Greek “tourist product” beyond the coastal holiday, combining the monumental wealth of the country with the natural and historical, local and national environment where it is integrated, will create the necessary momentum for overcoming the structural problems of Greek tourism. Especially, the wider Lavreotiki area in Southeastern Attica, including the historic industrial complex, the French Mines Company of Lavrion, which was built in 1876, will be highlighted as an alternative touristic destination place.
The effectiveness of real estate management in the local government – an example of voivodship capitals in Poland
Authors: Cymerman Joanna , Cymerman Wojciech
Published: September 2019

The paper discusses the effectiveness of real estate management in voivodship capitals in Poland. The time frame of analyses: 2005-2016. The main research hypothesis was made, that voivodship cities located in voivodships with a higher level of economic development, conduct more effective real estate management. The analysis was carried out in four stages: identification and measurement of the effectiveness of real estate management, assessment of cities/ordering in terms of the degree of property management efficiency, evaluation of similarity of voivodship capitals in terms of the effectiveness of their property management, identification of the direction and strength of relations between the level of property management effectiveness in capitals and the level of economic development of the voivodships. The data came from the Local Data Bank of the Polish Central Statistical Office.
17 Is Phenotypical Prefrailty all the Same? A Longitudinal Investigation of Two Prefrailty Subtypes in a Population-Based Longitudinal Study of Ageing
Authors: Romero-Ortuno Roman , Scarlett Siobhan , Anne Kenny Rose
Published: September 2019

Background

Fried’s frailty phenotype is defined by five criteria: exhaustion, unexplained weight loss, weakness, slowness and low physical activity. Pre-frailty (PF) meets one or two criteria. PF is of interest as a target for preventative strategies, but it is not known if it is a homogenous syndrome. The objective of this study was to compare the longitudinal trajectories of two PF groups: one defined by exhaustion and/or unexplained weight loss (PF1) and one defined by one or two of the following: weakness, slowness, low physical activity (PF2).

Methods: Design and setting

 population-based longitudinal study of ageing.

Subjects

 1,660 PF participants aged ≥50 years from wave 1 of the study (2010), followed 2-yearly over 4 longitudinal waves (2012, 2014, 2016, 2018).

Methods

 Generalised Estimating Equations (GEE) were used to assess the effect of PF type across waves to predict cumulative mortality and disability in basic (ADL) and independent (IADL) activities of daily living, adjusting for baseline characteristics (age, sex, education, living alone, self-rated health, comorbidity, body mass index).

Results

In wave 1, there were 687 PF1 and 973 PF2 participants. By wave 5, 64 (9.3%) PF1 and 145 (14.9%) PF2 participants had died. In PF1 participants, mean numbers of ADL and IADL disabilities both increased from 0.2 to 0.3 from wave 1 to wave 5, whilst in PF2 increases were from 0.2 to 0.5. Adjusted GEE models suggested significantly divergent trajectories of IADL disability by wave 2, ADL disability by wave 3, and mortality by wave 4.

Conclusion

Prefrailty may not be a homogenous biological syndrome. This may have relevance for the design of interventions to delay or reverse frailty in populations.
30 Occupational Therapists Delivering Patient and Caregiver Home Safety Education in a Rehabilitation Setting
Authors: Webster Cara , Devine Monica , O'Connor Caoimhe , O'Brien Emma , O'Grady Edel , Murphy Joanne , O'Brien Claire , O'Gorman Eleanore
Published: September 2019

Background

The patient profile in a 160-bed rehabilitation hospital is evolving with increasing numbers of older adults admitted with falls and frailty. In 2018 a snapshot audit revealed over 60% of patients obtained scores indicative of cognitive impairment. Traditional falls prevention education delivered in a group format relies on attendees having an adequate level of sensory registration and cognitive abilities to comprehend and recall information given. The Occupational Therapists (OTs) proposed greater benefits from caregiver inclusion in such education to enhance understanding for both patients and caregivers on falls prevention and home environment modifications to facilitate safer home discharges.

Methods

A mixed-methods design was used. Quantitative data was gathered using a pre and post education 10-point Likert scale to assess attendees’ perceived knowledge in four domains: (1) Falls risk factors(2) Modifiable environmental factors(3) Managing falls(4) Accessing support/information to reduce risk of falls

Qualitative data was gathered through written feedback.

Referrals were generated by OTs. Evening sessions facilitated increased caregiver attendance. OTs delivered a 45 minute PowerPoint presentation, demonstrated adaptive equipment and engaged in discussion with attendees. Information packs were provided to caregivers including a Home Safety Assessment Tool to aid with home environment modification.

Results

Data from April 2018-2019 was analysed using Microsoft Excel. 21 groups were facilitated with 385 attendees overall.

Average percentage increase in knowledge in each of the four domains was 30%.

Overall knowledge increased by 32%.

Conclusion

Increased knowledge of modifiable falls risk factors and supporting persons at risk of falls in the home was demonstrated.

OTs reported reduced caregiver concerns regarding home environment modification. Home assessments completed after group attendance found caregivers had implemented recommendations made in the presentation.

Further data could be collected to measure the degree of environmental modification completed prior to OT home assessments. Additional qualitative data is required to fully assess benefits to both patients and caregivers.
33 “Striking Back Against Stroke”
Authors: Donaghy Lisa , Morrison Laura , Prendergast Julie , Dolan Eamon , O'Connor Marie
Published: September 2019

Background

2 million brain cells die every minute increasing the risk of permanent brain damage, disability or death. Despite the fact that IV Thrombolysis and Thrombectomy are now the standard of care, optimal rates of door to needle times and door to decision times have not been managed to be achieved throughout Ireland. There is a gap between what we know and what we do.

Treatment within a shorter time frame improves patient outcomes.

Aim: To reduce door to decision time for Thrombectomy to <30minutes in conjunction with the National Thrombectomy Quality Improvement Programme.

Methods

A Stroke Committee was set up consisting of a wider group of Stakeholders involved in FAST positive calls. A pre-audit of baseline times was conducted. Each step was mapped out in a process map and areas of delays were identified to reduce the overall KPI times.

Delays and areas for change:

Results

Door to CT times reduced from 37minutes to 22 minutes (↓ 15minutes) Door to CTA time reduced from 35 minutes to 28 minutes (↓ 7minutes) Door to Thrombolysis reduced from 65 minutes to 30 minutes (↓ 35 minutes) CTA to time of contact Beaumont (↓ 5minutes) Door to decision re: Thrombectomy or not reduced from 166 minutes to 24.5 minutes (↓ 141.5 minutes)

Conclusion

This is an ongoing process which continues to ultimately improve patient outcomes.

“Time is Brain”
62 Engaging Older Adults in Co-Creating a Virtual Coaching Assistant (CAPTAIN) to Support Independent Living at Home
Authors: Carroll Joanne , Hopper Louise
Published: September 2019

Background

As population age increases (CSO, 2016), the CAPTAIN project aims to prevent premature or unnecessary transfer to long-term residential care by offering a safe environment where older adults can retain their autonomy, dignity and independence. CAPTAIN (Coach Assistant via Projected and Tangible Interface) will develop a virtual eCoaching assistant to facilitate independence in the home using augmented reality projections, voice and speech recognition, artificial intelligence and a user interface designed by older adults with their peers in mind.

Methods

Using Design Thinking and participatory research principles, older adults (n=10), caregivers (n=3) and healthcare professionals (HCPs) (n=2) co-create the CAPTAIN system with the research team. Co-creation occurs in cycles. Two co-design cycles use participatory workshops to identify older adults’ needs through discussion of typical older adult ‘personas’, examine how technology can support these needs and translate these outputs into system requirements. Four co-production cycles will evaluate CAPTAIN prototypes (hardware and software) to determine the effectiveness of personalised recommendations, usability and acceptability. The evaluation (involves additional caregivers, HCPs and stakeholder groups) combines observed CAPTAIN use, system-generated data, self-report measures, participatory group workshops and one-to-one interviews.

Results

Participants found the personas helpful in terms of generating conversation in the co-design sessions. They confidently described older adult needs, suggested where technology could provide useful support, and features they thought CAPTAIN should offer. Requirements across seven thematic areas (health, nutrition, physical and cognitive activity, accessibility, social interaction, education and safety) have now been sent to technical developers. Data from each cycle will continue to inform the development of CAPTAIN until system completion.

Conclusion

Participant contributions have ensured the continued development of an accessible, easy-to-use assistive technology system that will facilitate independent living and support older adults “…to do the things they want to do, when they want to do them”.