bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Long‐Term Variability of Soil Moisture in the Southern Sierra: Measurement and Prediction
Authors: Oroza Carlos A. , Bales Roger C. , Stacy Erin M. , Zheng Zeshi , Glaser Steven D.
Published: July 2018

Core Ideas

An algorithm for predicting soil‐water storage was evaluated for 6 yr.

Algorithm accuracy was high during wet‐up, snow cover, and early recession.

Accuracy declined during late recession and during dry periods.

Accuracy declined and relative independent‐variable rank changed in dry years.

Transient snow cover in dry periods altered soil‐water storage patterns.

Using 6 yr (Water Year [WY] 2009–WY 2014) of hourly in situ measurements from a spatially distributed water‐balance cluster, we quantified the long‐term accuracy of an algorithm used to predict spatial patterns of depth‐integrated soil‐water storage within the rain–snow transition zone of the southern Sierra Nevada. The algorithm—the multivariate, non‐parametric regression‐tree estimator Random Forest—was used to predict soil‐water storage based on a combination of attributes at each instrument cluster (soil texture, topographic wetness index, elevation, northness, and canopy cover). Out‐of‐bag R2 (similar to cross‐validation for Random Forest) was used to quantify the accuracy of the estimator for unobserved data. Accuracy was consistently high during the wet‐up, snow‐cover, and early recession periods of average and wet years. The accuracy declined at the end of a 3‐yr dry period, and the relative rank of the independent variables in the model shifted. Soil texture was the highest‐ranked independent variable across all years, followed by elevation and northness. Topographic wetness increased in importance during dry periods. Northness exhibited high importance during the wet‐up and early recession periods of most water years. During dry years, the importance of elevation declined. In dry years, notable differences in soil‐water storage at each depth include lower‐than‐average storage in the deeper regolith at the beginning of the water year and lower storage in near‐surface layers during the winter resulting from transient snow cover.
Methane Transport during a Controlled Release in the Vadose Zone
Authors: Felice Mark , de Sieyes Nick , Peng Juan , Schmidt Radomir , Buelow Maya , Jourabchi Parisa , Scow Kate , Mackay Douglas
Published: July 2018

Core Ideas

Vadose zone CH4 migration was densely monitored during a controlled‐release scenario.

Soil moisture strongly influenced vadose zone CH4 fate and CH4 oxidation.

Soil CH4 fate appears primarily controlled by biological CH4 oxidation.

Shallow, small‐rate releases of ethanol‐blended fuels from underground storage tanks (USTs) may be quite common and result in subsurface CH4 generation. However, vadose zone transport of CH4 generated from these fuel releases is poorly understood, despite the potential to promote vapor intrusion or create explosion hazards. In this study, we simulated shallow CH4 generation with a controlled subsurface CH4 release from July 2014 to February 2015 to characterize subsurface CH4 migration and surface emissions and to determine environmental controls on CH4 fate and transport. July 2014 through November 2014 was an extended period of drought followed by precipitation during December 2014. Throughout the experiment, under varied CH4 injection rates, CH4 formed a radially symmetrical plume around the injection point. Surface efflux during the drought period of the experiment was relatively high and stable, with approximately 10 to 11 and 34 to 52% of injected CH4 reaching the ground surface during the low‐ and high‐rate injections, respectively. Following the period of precipitation and increased soil moisture, efflux dropped and stabilized at approximately 1% of injected CH4, even as soil moisture began to decrease again. Tracer and inhibitor experiments and estimates of soil diffusivity suggest that microbial CH4 oxidation was responsible for the observed drop in efflux. The decrease in efflux only after soil moisture increased suggests a strong environmental control over the transport and oxidation of vadose zone CH4.
Strategically supplier-oriented management in the procurement process of JSC “Russian Railways”
Authors: Karpova Natalia , Noskov Sergey , Toymentseva Irina , Shvetsova Elena
Published: July 2018

JSC “Russian Railways” is one of the world’s largest companies in the railway market. It ensures the safety and accessibility of transport in Russia, reduces the transport load on its economy. JSC “Russian Railways” is a company founded by the Russian Federation. In the conditions of the global financial crisis and limited budget resources, the search for ways to reduce the costs of its operation comes to the forefront. In the supply, there is a significant potential for increasing the efficiency of any company’s activity by saving on purchases in the case of choosing a key supplier that meets all customer’s criteria. In turn, the growing relevance in modern conditions is acquired by strategically supplier-oriented management in the process of meeting the needs and requirements of companies. In this regard, the article substantiates the need for strategically supplier-oriented management of commodity and material values in supply chains, systematizes supplier management strategies. The experience of procurement and selection of suppliers of goods, works and services for the needs of JSC “Russian Railways” was studied, a methodology was proposed for ranking criteria for the selection of products and suppliers in order of the decreasing significance value, allowing to expand the method of rating the existing and potential sources of supply.
High Levels of Serum Uric Acid, Cystain C and Lipids Concentration and their Clinical Significance in Primary Gouty Arthritis Patients
Authors: Zhang Quan-Bo , Zhu Dan , Wen Zhong , Yi Ting , Li Qing , Qing Yu-Feng , Zhou Jing-Guo
Published: July 2018

Objective:

To investigate the changes of serum Uric Acid (sUA), lipids and Cystatin C
(CysC) in primary gout patients, and to explore the clinical significance in gout patients.

Methods:

: sUA, CysC, high-sensitivity C-reactive Protein (hsCRP) and other biochemical parameters
were measured in 326 gout patient and 210 healthy control subjects, blood cell counts were
also detected. Clinical data were collected from gout patients.

Results:

sUA, CysC, hsCRP, Body Mass Index (BMI), White Blood Cell (WBC) counts, neutrophil
Granulocyte (GR), Monocyte (Mo), Triglycerides (TG), plasma Total Cholesterol (TC), Very Low
Density Lipoprotein (VLDL), apolipoprotein B100 (apoB100), Blood Glucose (GLU), serum
Creatinine (sCr) and Urea Nitrogen (BUN) were significantly increased in gout patients compared
with HC subjects (P<0.01, respectively), while lymphocyte counts and High Density Lipoprotein-
Cholesterol (HDL-C) were significantly decreased in gout patients compared with HC subjects
(P<0.01, respectively). Positive correlations were observed between concentration of sUA and age,
TG, VLDL, sCr and CysC (P<0.05, respectively). While negative correlations were observed between
the concentration of sUA and HDL-C(P<0.01). Besides, Positive correlations were observed
between concentration of CysC and WBC, GR, Mo, apoA1, GLU, sCr, BUN, sUA, hsCRP
(P<0.05, respectively). While negative correlations were observed between the concentration of
CysC and TC, LDL-C(P<0.01, respectively).

Conclusions:

Blood lipid profile changes in gout patients. Gout patients who suffer from lipid metabolism
disorder and vascular diseases might be associated with hyperuricemia, which leads to endothelial
cell damage and vascular smooth muscle cell proliferation. CysC might be a marker for
renal function damage and inflammation. Hyperuricemia is the risk factor of renal disorder in gout
patients.
Cyclic Voltammetry as an Electroanalytical Tool for Analysing the Reaction Mechanisms of Copper in Chloride Solution Containing Different Azole Compounds
Authors: Finšgar Matjaž , Xhanari Klodian , Ćurković Helena O.
Published: July 2018

Background:

Cyclic voltammetry is widely employed in electroanalytical studies because it provides fast information about the redox potentials of the electroactive species and the influence of the medium on the redox processes. Azole compounds have been found to be effective corrosion inhibitors for copper in chloride-containing solutions. The aim of this work was to investigate in detail the influence of the addition of various azole compounds on the oxidation mechanism of copper in chloride-containing solutions, using cyclic voltammetry.

Methods:

The influence of thirteen azole compounds, at three different concentrations on the electrochemical/ chemical reactions of pure copper immersed in 3 wt.% NaCl solution was studied using cyclic voltammetry at different scan rates. The change of the peak current and potential with the scan rate were investigated. The possible linearity was compared with the theoretically derived mechanism. The possible reaction mechanisms were discussed based on the linearity of these parameters (peak current and potential) with the scan rate compared to theoretically derived models.

Results:

Both the peak current and peak potential of the copper samples immersed in chloridecontaining solutions with additions of the majority of azole compounds showed linearity with the square root of the scan rate, suggesting that copper follows the Müller-Calandra passivation model. The same behavior was also found for copper in chloride-containing solutions without additions of azole compounds. A linear variation of the peak potential with the natural logarithm of the scan rate and linear variation of the peak potential with the square root of the scan rate was observed for the copper samples immersed in chloride-containing solutions with the addition of 10 mM of 2-mercapto-1- methylimidazole, imidazole, or 2-aminobenzimidazole. This suggests that copper follows irreversible redox reactions under a diffusion controlled process. No other linear relations of the peak current and peak potential with the scan rate were found.

Conclusion:

Copper oxidation in chloride-containing solutions is controlled by passivation (following the Müller-Calandra passivation model) upon the addition of the majority of the selected azoles. In the minority of cases, irreversible redox reactions that follow a diffusion-controlled process were identified. None of the systems followed an adsorption-controlled process. Moreover, none of the tested systems underwent reversible redox reactions that followed a diffusion controlled process.
Simultaneous HPTLC Densitometric Estimation of KBA and AKBA from Boswellia serrata
Authors: Mehta Meenu , Garg Munish , Dua Kamal , Satija Saurabh
Published: July 2018

Background:

Boswellic acids (BAs) are extracted from oleo gum of Boswellia serrata and
are utilized as potential anti-inflammatory, hypolipidemic, immunomodulatory and antitumor specialists.
The present examination was meant to assess KBA and AKBA in Boswellia serrata separate by
High-Performance Thin Layer Chromatography (HPTLC).

Methods:

The separation of bioactive compounds was performed utilizing mobile phase glacial acetic
acid, n-hexane, ethyl acetate and toluene (0.3: 1: 8: 2) (v/v/v/v) and distinguished at wavelength 254
nm. The technique was approved for linearity, precision, accuracy, limit of detection (LOD), limit of
quantification (LOQ), and so forth by International Conference on Harmonization guidelines.

Results:

The calibration range was observed to be 2- 14 μg/band for both the bioactive compounds.
KBA was isolated with an Rf estimation of 0.39 ± 0.02 and AKBA with an Rf estimation of
0.42 ± 0.02. The accuracy was seen to be as high as 99.17% and 97.42 for KBA and KBA, respectively.
The percentage RSD value for intra-day and between day varieties was under 2%. The system indicated
high affectability and specificity.

Conclusion:

The developed HPTLC method was simple, precise, robust, specific, rapid, and costeffective
and could be used for quality control analysis and quantification of KBA and AKBA in different
herbal formulations containing the plant species.
A Simplified Approach to the Management of Hypercalcemia
Authors: Bajwa Ravneet , Amin Ami , Gandhi Bhavika , Mansur Sarmed , Amirpour Alireza , Karawadia Tejas , Patel Priya , Costanzo Eric J. , Hossain Mohammad A. , Cheng Jennifer , Patel Mayurkumar , Vachharajani Tushar , Asif Arif
Published: July 2018

Introduction:

While patients with hypercalcemia can be treated with various treatment options including volume expansion, loop diuretics, calcitonin, bisphosphonate, sensipar; hypercalcemia can be resistant to these measures.

Case Description:

In this report, we present two elderly patients with hypercalcemia resistant to traditional therapy. Both had parathyroid tumor. Early diagnosis could not be established. Both patients required hemodialysis. Hypercalcemia was controlled in the 74-year old who successfully underwent surgery with normalization of calcium level. The 79-year old was not considered a surgical candidate and was transitioned to hospice.

Discussion & Conclusion:

Primary hyperparathyroidism is an important cause of hypercalcemia. In order to reduce morbidity and mortality, its diagnosis must be established earlier on. These case reports prepared with residents/junior faculty will benefit other trainees with the diagnosis and management of refractory hypercalcemia and highlight a teaching point that prompt diagnosis of primary hyperparathyroidism can have a major positive impact on the overall management of hypercalcemia.
Effects of Deep Sea Water on Anti-Obesity Properties in Induction of Beige Adipocytes
Authors: Nani Samihah Z.M. , Jaafar Abubakar , Majid Fadzilah A.A. , Mahdzir Akbariah , Musa Md. Nor
Published: July 2018

Objective: Deep sea water (DSW) accumulates many scientific shreds of evidence in treating
obesity. Previous studies indicated that it reduces white adipose tissue (WAT) and body weight. WAT is
energy storage fat, while beige adipose tissue is energy supply fat. In this study, the effects of DSW in
the induction of beige adipocytes from mouse adipose tissue-derived stromal vascular fraction (SVF)
cells are determined.

Methods:

Adipose tissue-derived SVF cells were isolated from mice and used for induction of beige adipocytes
and treated with DSW at several concentrations.

Results:

During the course of beige adipocytes differentiation, DSW treatment increased lipid accumulation
and upregulated adipogenic genes markers expression such as peroxisome proliferator-activated
receptor-γ (PPAR-γ), CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein a (C/EBP-α), and fatty acid binding protein 4
(FABP4), and also upregulated thermogenic genes markers such as the uncoupling protein 1 (UCP-1),
peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator 1-alpha (PGC-1α), and cell deathinducing
DFFA-like effector A (Cidea) in beige adipocytes.

Conclusion:

DSW has the potential to promote browning of WAT and upregulates the thermogenic
genes that are responsible for energy expenditure.
PERBANDINGAN KUALITAS HIDUP PENDERITA KANKER OVARIUM EPITELIAL YANG DIBERIKAN KEMOTERAPI REGIMEN PACLITAXEL DAN CARBOPLATIN DENGAN REGIMEN CYCLOPHOSPAMIDE, ADRIAMICYN DAN CISPLATIN DI RSUP DR. SARDJITO
Authors: Ahyar Ibnu , Taufiqurrachman Irwan , Kusumanto Ardhanu
Published: July 2018

Background: Epithelial ovarian cancer is the dominant type of ovarian cancer. Platinum and Taxane regiment has been proved to increase the survival rate of ovarian cancer patientsObjective: To compare the quality of life of ovarian cancer patients who got Paclitaxel and Carboplatin regiments with Cyclophosphamide, Adriamycin and Cisplatin regiments and risk factors which influence themMethod: The design of the study was retrospective cohort. The total subjects were 156 ovarian cancer patients who consisted of 79 patients with paclitaxel and carboplatin regiments and dan 77 patients who got cyclophospamide, adriamicyn dan cisplatin regiments in DR. Sardjito hospital, Yogyakarta. The quality of life was measured with EORTC QLQ-C30. The data distribution were tested with KolmogorovSmirnov and analysed with D Chi-Squaretest for categorical data and Mann-Whitney for continuous data. Multivariable Analysis was done with logistic regression.Result and Discussion: The bivariable analysis of ovarian cancer stage and the quality of life showed that early stage of ovarian cancer patients had quality of life 19,068 times higher than advance stage of ovarian cancer patients (RR 19,068; 95% CI 2,590-140,362). There were signicant differences in quality of life in ovarian cancer patients with low body mass index <18,5 compared to normal body mass index as well as the titer of tumor marker Ca125. Multivariable analysis showed that there was no significant difference in quality of life between ovarian cancer patients who got Paclitaxel plus Carboplatin and ovarian cancer patients who got Cyclophospamide, Adriamicyn plus Cisplatin.Conclusion: there was no significant difference in quality of life between ovarian cancer patients who got Paclitaxel plus Carboplatin and ovarian cancer patients who got Cyclophospamide, Adriamicyn plus Cisplatin in DR. Sardjito Hospital, Yogyakarta.Keywords: Quality of life, ovarian cancer, paclitaxel plus carboplatin regiment, cyclophospamide, adriamicyn plus cisplatin regiment.
KARAKTERISTIK PASIEN PROLAPS UTERI DI RSUP Dr. SARDJITO YOGYAKARTA TAHUN 2013
Authors: Hamamah Jefi , Pangastuti Nuring
Published: July 2018

Background: Uterine prolaps suffer by nearly half population of women. Many factors related to the causes of prolaps. The pattern varies in different country and ages.Objective: To evaluate the characteristic of uterine prolaps patient in Sardjito Hospital in the period January – December 2013.Method: This is an analytic descriptive study that reviewed medical record of Sardjito Hospital within January - December 2013. Data was reported, tabulated dan presented in the form of risk factors, chief complains, grade of uterine prolaps and treatment, finally analysed.Result and Discussion: There were 30 cases of uterine prolaps from Obstetrics and Gynecology Sardjito Hospital within January-December 2013. Most of the patient age were 45-64 year (48.4%), parity more than 2 (73.3%), menopause (73%), vaginal delivery more than 2 (73%). Symptoms that mostly revealed was lump on the delivery passage (73.3%). Patient were mostly suffered from grade 4 uterine prolaps (43%). There were two types of treatment i.e. conservative and operative. Conservative treatment used Kegel exercises and pessarium. Operative treatment used total vaginal hysterectomy, colpocleisis, anterior and posterior colporaphy.Conclusion: The risk factors for uterine prolaps were older age, menopause, multiparity, vaginal delivery. The treatment mostly used total vaginal hysterectomy.Keywords: uterine prolaps, risk factors, vaginal hysterectomy
Peran Intervensi Grup Psikoterapi Suportif untuk Memperbaiki Keadaan Depresi pada Wanita Infertil di Klinik Permata Hati RSUP Dr. Sardjito Yogyakarta
Authors: Dhestiana Mega , Marchira Carla , Siswishanto Rukmono , Widad Shofwal
Published: July 2018

Background: Infertility is a worldwide problem, relates to a devastating condition that can destroy couples striving to have children. It can affect both men and women, and cause psychological related distress, depression, and low self- -esteem. Most interventions using directional, complete, and integrated approach have been focused on improving the quality of life of infertile men or women. Supportive psychotherapy is an example of such interventions.Objective: The study aimed to measure the effectiveness of supportive psychotherapy intervention in treating depression among infertile women.Method: A quasi experiment design using a pre and post- -test with a control group was employed in this study. Subjects were women (n=80) with infertility cases who sought for treatment at PermataHati Clinic Dr. Sardjito hospital. during the period from April to September 2014. A modified short supportive psychotherapywas to groups of patients over the course of four sessions. The sessions were managed by trained facilitatorscomprising psychiatrist and psychologist. Personal data and Beck Depression Inventory (BDI)were then used to assess the patients depression state.Result and Discussion: Findings indicated that 59.37% of the study subjects were found to have mild depression, whereas the other 40.63% had moderate depression. A significant change in BDI scores within the treatment group was found after intervention.Conclusion:Modified short supportive psychotherapy intervention can effectivelly reduce depression on infertile women. Keywords: modified short supportive psychotherapy, depression, infertile women
Hubungan Pemakaian Antibiotik dengan Kejadian Infeksi Sectio Caesarea pada Pasien di RSUD Abepura Jayapura Papua
Authors: Emma Nani , Emilia Ova , Prawitasari Shinta
Published: July 2018

Background: The number of caesarean section (CS) operations in the world has increased sharply within the last 20 years. Increase of the need for CS operations also increases the problem related to surgical process. Infection happens about 2% to 16% after CS operation. The incidence of post CS is associated with some factors such as supplementation of prophylaxis antibiotics, duration of childbirth, width of membrane wound, duration of surgical nursing monitoring and number of CS. CS infection associated with antibiotic use occurs before or after CS operation. The incidence increases 3 times in patients that do not use antibiotics before CS operation. Use of prophylaxis antibiotics in CS operation significantly minimizes the incidence of infection.Objective: To identify antibiotic use according to standard operational procedure to the incidence of infection in CS mothers.Method: The study was analytical with cross sectional design, undertaken at Abepura Local Hospital. Population were all mothers who gave birth through CS at the hospital. Samples were taken using systematic random sampling technique as many as 44 samples. Data were obtained through questionnaire, interview and document studies  and analyzed using chi square and logistic regression test, risk prevalence at confidence interval (CI) 95% and significance p<0.05.Result: The majority of subject (56.82%) had no infection; 59.09% used antibiotics according to the procedure; 52.27% had good nutrition status; 54.55% had emergency operation; 50% had anemia. Average length of CS operation was 2.26 +1.38 hours. There was significant association between antibiotic use, nutrition status, Hb level, and types of operation and the incidence of CS infection (p<0.05). The result of multivariate analysis showed there was significant association between antibiotic use, nutrition status, types of operation and the incidence of infection. Use of antibiotic brought dominant risk for the incidence of CS infection (PR=2.36; 95% CI=1.45-3.38) whereby antibiotic use, nutrition status and types of operation could predict the incidence of CS infection as much as 10.7%.Conclusion: The majority of subject had no infection and used antibiotic according to the procedure. The probability for the incidence of CS infection was greater in antibiotic use irrelevant with the procedure. Factor most dominantly affecting the incidence of CS infection was antibiotic use irrelevant with the procedure. Keywords: antibiotic use, caesarean section, incidence of infection
Caimanes del mismo pozo. Populismo y representaciones de los medios y la prensa en la estabilización hegemónica del chavismo
Authors: Kitzberger Philip
Published: July 2018

Los populismos contemporáneos, de izquierda y de derecha, se han caracterizado por confrontarse con instituciones mediático-periodísticas establecidas. En la comunicación política de los liderazgos populistas, esto se refleja en cuestionamientos públicos sostenidos, a través de dispositivos de comunicación directa, a medios y/o periodismo, como parte o expresión de una elite opuesta al pueblo.

Los objetivos de este trabajo son: primero, avanzar en la caracterización sistemática de las representaciones sobre la naturaleza, papel (rol) y funciones de medios y periodismo contenidas en los discursos públicos de los gobernantes que optan por antagonizar con estas instituciones; segundo, establecer factores explicativos de las inflexiones particulares y de las variaciones particulares de cada caso; tercero, explorar las conexiones entre discurso y estrategia políticas frente las instituciones mediático-periodísticas.

A través de un análisis del contenido de discursos e intervenciones públicas de Hugo Chávez enunciados entre 1999 y 2004, el artículo reconstruye la variación en presencia e intensidad de encuadres populistas sobre los medios en relación con las fases del conflicto político. Muestra, además, cómo factores, tales como los ideológicos, los patrones históricos de la relación Estado-medios en el petroestado venezolano y la dinámica particular del conflicto político, explican algunas de las representaciones sobre los medios y las orientaciones prácticas frente a ellos.   
Multidimensional analysis of the state of Russian studies on the education issues over 1993–2016
Authors: Рубвальтер Дмитрий , Rubvalter Dmitry , Либкинд Александр , Libkind Alexander , Маркусова Валентина , Markusova Valentina , Либкинд Илья , Libkind Ilya
Published: July 2018

A multidimensional analysis of the state of Russian studies on the education issues over 1993–2016 was carried out based on the materials of the data contained in the Web of Science (SSCI, A & HCI and SCI-E databases). There were determined the dynamics and trends of a number of relevant indicators, such as the number of Russian publications by year, the share of these publications in the global flow of publications on education issues, the dynamics of the share of publications made in co-authorship with foreign colleagues, etc. A number of distributions of Russian publications on educational issues was compiled and analyzed: by journals, by Russian regions and cities, by organizations and authors of the publications. It was found that most of these distributions were characterized by a high level of non-uniformity. A list of journals (125 titles) in which Russian works on education issues had been published was compiled. Russian organizations (308) and domestic researchers (about two thousand) engaged in studying the issues of education were identified. It was discovered that more than 200 organizations and about 400 academicians from 60 foreign countries had participated in Russian studies on the education issues.
Impact of the divorce experience on the marital and family mindsets
Authors: Лактюхина Елена , Laktyukhina Elena , Антонов Георгий , Antonov Georgy
Published: July 2018

The article presents a comparative analysis of marital and family mindsets of two categories of the demographically active population of modern Russia: (1) individuals that have no experience of a divorce and (2) those who have already experienced one or more official termination of a marriage. The empirical base of the analysis is the data of the author’s questionnaire survey conducted by representative sampling in Volgograd and Volgograd Region in 2015–2016. The analysis was made on the following basic empiric indicators: optimal (from the viewpoint of the respondents) age for the first marriage, frequency of mentioning marital and family statuses as the respondents describe their own social and demographic “portrait”, legitimate causes of a divorce and a number of others.

It is found that, in the case of sufficiently strong traditional marital and family mindsets, perception of marital norms is adjusted, if an “abnormal” event (such as a divorce) occurs in the individual’s life course. At the same time, perception of the marriage stability is less variable and does not depend on the social and demographic characteristics of the respondents, including the presence/absence of a marriage termination experience. The “strongest” factor that affects the change of the marital and family mindsets is age. With age (and, consequently, experience accumulation), importance of the majority of main factors capable of preventing the individual from a divorce decreases and, therefore, the risk of such event increases.
Genotipificación de cagA y de la región intermedia de vacA en cepas de Helicobacter pylori aisladas de pacientes adultos colombianos y asociación con enfermedades gástricas
Authors: Melo-Narváez María Camila , Rojas-Rengifo Diana Fabiola , Jimenéz-Soto Luisa Fernanda , Delgado Perafán María Del Pilar , Mendoza de Molano Belén Elvira , Vera-Chamorro José Fernando , Jaramillo Carlos Alberto
Published: July 2018

Objetivo: este estudio caracteriza la diversidad de los genes de virulencia cagA (gen asociado con la citotoxina A) y vacA (citotoxina vacuolizante) en pacientes colombianos para determinar posibles asociaciones entre estos 2 genes y la severidad de los hallazgos endoscópicos teniendo en cuenta todos los genotipos reportados para el gen vacA (s, m e i).Materiales y métodos: Helicobacter pylori fue detectado por cultivo y por métodos moleculares en biopsias de 62 pacientes. Los genotipos de cagA y vacA (m/i/s) se determinaron por reacción en cadena de la polimerasa (PCR) y secuenciación. Resultados: se aislaron 124 cepas de 62 pacientes; de estas, el 48,5% (n = 48) fueron vacA s2/m2/i2-cagA (-) presente en su mayoría en pacientes con gastritis folicular; mientras el 32,3% (n = 32) fueron vacA s1/m1/i1-cagA (+) presentes mayormente en pacientes con gastritis folicular, gastritis crónica y posible metaplasia. Se encontró una asociación significativa entre la presencia de cagA y el genotipo vacA s1/m1/i1 y la ausencia de cagA y el genotipo vacA s2/m2/i2 (p <0,001). No se encontró una asociación significativa entre la severidad de los hallazgos endoscópicos y el estatus cagA-vacA de las cepas.Conclusión: se encontró una baja prevalencia de cepas cagA (+), el estatus cagA-vacA no es un predictor de riesgo en la población estudiada y la presencia de infecciones heterogéneas sin tropismo sugieren la necesidad de tomar biopsias tanto del cuerpo como del antro del estómago en la práctica clínica rutinaria.
Manejo endoscópico de quiste de duplicación esofágico: descripción de un caso
Authors: Ricardo Ramírez Andrés Mauricio , Ferreira Bohórquez Edgar Julián , Arango Molano Lázaro Antonio , Sánchez Gil Andrés
Published: July 2018

Los quistes de duplicación esofágica son una anomalía congénita poco frecuente. La mayoría de los casos son asintomáticos y su diagnóstico frecuentemente es un hallazgo incidental. La posibilidad de que se desarrollen complicaciones (hemorragia, infección, etc.) y el temor a la posibilidad de transformación maligna, hace que el tratamiento de de estas lesiones haya sido considerado quirúrgico en el pasado. Sin embargo, la extremadamente baja taza de malignizacion, y la posibilidad de un desenlace inadecuado asociado a la cirugía, hace precisa la consideración de otras alternativas, teniendo en cuenta el riesgo vs. el beneficio del procedimiento quirúrgico. Reportamos el caso de una paciente de 56 años con diagnostico endosonográfico de quiste de duplicación esofágica, que fue sometida a marsupialización endoscópica del quiste con una resolución completa de sus síntomas, sin complicaciones  y con una reintegración inmediata a la vida diaria.La endosonografia (EUS) ha sido ampliamente utilizada como una herramienta para la evaluación y el diagnóstico de los quistes de duplicación.  Es el método diagnóstico de elección para investigar esta patología ya que puede distinguir entre lesiones sólidas y quísticas. La cuestión de si se debe realizar o no la aspiración con aguja EUS-FNA en una lesión sospechosa,  en el caso de un quiste de duplicación, es controvertida ya que estas lesiones pueden infectarse con consecuencias significativas, aunque a menudo se requiere que la punción obtenga un diagnóstico definitivo que descarte  lesiones ominosas.
T1-REDEEM: A Randomized Controlled Trial to Reduce Diabetes Distress Among Adults With Type 1 Diabetes
Authors: Fisher Lawrence , Hessler Danielle , Polonsky William H. , Masharani Umesh , Guzman Susan , Bowyer Vicky , Strycker Lisa , Ahmann Andrew , Basina Marina , Blumer Ian , Chloe Charles , Kim Sarah , Peters Anne L. , Shumway Martha , Weihs Karen , Wu Patricia
Published: July 2018

OBJECTIVE

To compare the effectiveness of two interventions to reduce diabetes distress (DD) and improve glycemic control among adults with type 1 diabetes (T1D).

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS

Individuals with T1D (n = 301) with elevated DD and HbA1c were recruited from multiple settings and randomly assigned to OnTrack, an emotion-focused intervention, or to KnowIt, an educational/behavioral intervention. Each group attended a full-day workshop plus four online meetings over 3 months. Assessments occurred at baseline and 3 and 9 months. Primary and secondary outcomes were change in DD and change in HbA1c, respectively.

RESULTS

With 12% attrition, both groups demonstrated dramatic reductions in DD (effect size d = 1.06; 78.4% demonstrated a reduction of at least one minimal clinically important difference). There were, however, no significant differences in DD reduction between OnTrack and KnowIt. Moderator analyses indicated that OnTrack provided greater DD reduction to those with initially poorer cognitive or emotion regulation skills, higher baseline DD, or greater initial diabetes knowledge than those in KnowIt. Significant but modest reductions in HbA1c occurred with no between-group differences. Change in DD was modestly associated with change in HbA1c (r = 0.14, P = 0.01), with no significant between-group differences.

CONCLUSIONS

DD can be successfully reduced among distressed individuals with T1D with elevated HbA1c using both education/behavioral and emotion-focused approaches. Reductions in DD are only modestly associated with reductions in HbA1c. These findings point to the importance of tailoring interventions to address affective, knowledge, and cognitive skills when intervening to reduce DD and improve glycemic control.
Ny publikation: Den pedagogiska skickligheten och akademins väktare
Authors: Levander Sara
Published: July 2018

Sara Levander (2017). Den pedagogiska skickligheten och akademins väktare. Kollegial bedömning vid rekrytering av universitetslärare. Doktorsavhandling, Uppsala universitet. https://uu.diva-portal.org/smash/get/diva2:1153291/FULLTEXT01.pdf
INNOVATION OF ISLAMIC BANKING INDUSTRY AS AN ALTERNATIVE ISLAMIC ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT IN INDONESIA
Authors: FITHRIAH NURHANI
Published: July 2018

One of potential exploration and manifestation of the community's contribution to the national economy, is the development of an economic system based on the value of Islamic (Sharia) by lifting its principles into the National Legal System. Shariah principles based on the values of fairness, expediency, balance, and universality (rahmatan lil 'alamin). Those values are applied in banking regulation that is based on the so-called Sharia Islamic Banking. Principles of Islamic Banking is part of Islamic teachings related to the economy. In addition, to provide assurance to the people who still doubt shariah Islamic Banking operations during this time also set of business activities that do not conflict with Sharia Principles include business activities that do not contain elements of riba, maisir gharar, haram, and zalim. A separate regulation for Islamic Banking is an urgent thing to do, to ensure compliance with Shariah principles, the principles of the Bank for Islamic Bank, and no less important is expected to mobilize funds from other countries that requires the regulation of the Islamic Bank. Problems faced, how the strategy and the constraints faced in Islamic Banking Industry Product Innovation in developing the economy in Indonesia by Islamic Banking Act. This study aims to look for and find in the practice of the ways and forms of Islamic banking product innovation, as well as the constraints that it faces.This research, analytical, descriptive and normative juridical approach, and aims to provide a complete picture of the facts and the systematic application of Sharing in Islamic banks. Furthermore, the data were analyzed through statutory provisions in force, which among one another should not be contradictory, pay attention to the hierarchy with the aim to achieve legal certainty, by searching and digging law who live in the community, whether it is written or unwritten (Islamic law).The results showed that the strategy which remove products of Islamic banking industry innovation, improve human resources SDI), and marketing of products strategically. Constraints faced in Islamic Banking Industry Product Innovation in developing the economy in Indonesia, it is very difficult to do because fixated on Islamic principles. Suggestions put forward, should disseminate innovative products to the public and the effectiveness of supervision of Islamic banks (Internal & ekstenal).
Copyright Protection for Digital Certificate using Blind Watermarking Technique
Authors: Hasan Harith Raad
Published: July 2018

This paper proposes a copyright protection system for digital certificate image using blind watermarking technique by applying discrete wavelet transform algorithm (DWT). The proposed technique utilizes three interrelated watermarks namely, Red watermark (RW), Green-watermark (GW) and Blue-watermark (BW). Firstly, RGB cover and RGB watermark image are divided for three color space R,G,B. Then the R component is chosen for embedding (RW), the B component is selected for embedding the (BW) and the G component is selected for embedding the (GW), R,G and B of the cover image are converted into the transform domain using DWT, and is subsequently decomposed into three levels viz.  LH1, LL2 and LL3 sub-bands. RW, GW and BW are then embedded onto LL3. Experimental results show that the performance of the proposed technique is very encouraging with average PSNR of 44 db, and NCC value of more than 0.99 for extracted watermarks after performing several types of attacks.
Kompetensi Guru Matematika Dalam Mengembangkan Kompetensi Matematis Siswa
Authors: Dirgantoro Kurnia Putri Sepdikasari
Published: July 2018

Education can not be separated from two main factors; teacher and student. In the absence of either of these two factors, it is essentially not education. In Indonesia, education is still far from what is expected. This can be seen from the fact that there are difficulties of the graduates achieving decent work result in accordance with the level of education they are in. One of the causes of the low quality of education in Indonesia is because the competence of teachers as educators is still considered low when compared with the standards that have been prepared. This article will discuss the influence of teacher competence on student competence, especially in Mathematics learning.
Pengaruh Metode Pembelajaran Karya Kelompok Terhadap Keterampilan Proses Sains Dengan Kovariabel Kemampuan Berpikir Kreatif Siswa Pada Mata Pelajaran Biologi
Authors: Manu Theodora Sarlotha Nirmala , Nomleni Fransina Th.
Published: July 2018

The purpose of this research is to determine: (1) the difference of the science process skills of students learning using group workshop method with students using the discussion method; (2) differences in the condition above, after the ability of creative thinking covariable is controlled; and (3) the contribution of creative thinking covariable towards the science process skills of students. This experimental research used the post-test only control group design, with the population of 210 students of grade XI SMA Negeri 7 Kota Kupang. The total samples were 140 students, distributed in 2 experimental classes and 2 control classes. The data was collected by observing the science process skills using creative thinking skill test. The data were analyzed in descriptive and inferential statistics using one-way covariance analysis (Anacova). The result indicated that: (1) there was a significant difference of science process skills between the students learning using the group workshop method with students learning using the discussion method with an F value of 50,964; p ≤ 0.05.; (2) Having controlled the student’s creative thinking ability, there was a significant difference between student’s science process skills among students who enrolled in group workshop method with the students enrolled in the discussion method; where F=17.822; p ≤ 0,05. (3) Creative thinking ability contributed to the science process skills with the coefficient of determination equals to r2=(0,430)2 = 0,185 or 18,5%. The results indicate that the application of group workshop methods has positive effect on improving students' science process skills and creative thinking skills.
BEM JURÍDICO E NORMA PENAL: A FUNÇÃO DA ANTINORMATIVIDADE NA TEORIA DO CRIME
Authors: Brandão Cláudio
Published: July 2018

A norma penal é o imperativo que nasce da síntese entre o tipo e o bem jurídico. Este imperativo, criado na época do idealismo alemão, é fundamental para o método penal, pois está na estrutura dos elementos do crime. A investigação da norma e do seu valor correspondente é o objeto da presente pesquisa.
EM NOME DA HONRA: A TUTELA DA DIGNIDADE PESSOAL E O DIREITO PENAL
Authors: Freitas Ricardo
Published: July 2018

texto aborda o problema da proteção da honra pelo direito com base no exame das variadas alternativas empregadas na defesa da dignidade pessoal na história. Argumenta-se que a resposta penal às ofensas que causam um dano à respeitabilidade da pessoa ajusta-se às exigências de uma moral aristocrática tradicional e, por conseguinte, não se compatibiliza com as demandas da sociedade brasileira contemporânea nem com o direito penal liberal.
Language to Action: Towards Interactive Task Learning with Physical Agents
Authors: Chai Joyce Y. , Gao Qiaozi , She Lanbo , Yang Shaohua , Saba-Sadiya Sari , Xu Guangyue
Published: July 2018

Language communication plays an important role in human learning and knowledge acquisition. With the emergence of a new generation of cognitive robots, empowering these robots to learn directly from human partners becomes increasingly important. This paper gives a brief introduction to interactive task learning where humans can teach physical agents new tasks through natural language communication and action demonstration. It discusses research challenges and opportunities in language and communication grounding that are critical in this process. It further highlights the importance of commonsense knowledge, particularly the very basic physical causality knowledge, in grounding language to perception and action.
StackDRL: Stacked Deep Reinforcement Learning for Fine-grained Visual Categorization
Authors: He Xiangteng , Peng Yuxin , Zhao Junjie
Published: July 2018

Fine-grained visual categorization (FGVC) is the discrimination of similar subcategories, whose main challenge is to localize the quite subtle visual distinctions between similar subcategories. There are two pivotal problems: discovering which region is discriminative and representative, and determining how many discriminative regions are necessary to achieve the best performance. Existing methods generally solve these two problems relying on the prior knowledge or experimental validation, which extremely restricts the usability and scalability of FGVC. To address the "which" and "how many" problems adaptively and intelligently, this paper proposes a stacked deep reinforcement learning approach (StackDRL). It adopts a two-stage learning architecture, which is driven by the semantic reward function. Two-stage learning localizes the object and its parts in sequence ("which"), and determines the number of discriminative regions adaptively ("how many"), which is quite appealing in FGVC. Semantic reward function drives StackDRL to fully learn the discriminative and conceptual visual information, via jointly combining the attention-based reward and category-based reward. Furthermore, unsupervised discriminative localization avoids the heavy labor consumption of labeling, and extremely strengthens the usability and scalability of our StackDRL approach. Comparing with ten state-of-the-art methods on CUB-200-2011 dataset, our StackDRL approach achieves the best categorization accuracy.
Deep CNN Denoiser and Multi-layer Neighbor Component Embedding for Face Hallucination
Authors: Jiang Junjun , Yu Yi , Hu Jinhui , Tang Suhua , Ma Jiayi
Published: July 2018

Most of the current face hallucination methods, whether they are shallow learning-based or deep learning-based, all try to learn a relationship model between Low-Resolution (LR) and High-Resolution (HR) spaces with the help of a training set. They mainly focus on modeling image prior through either model-based optimization or discriminative inference learning. However, when the input LR face is tiny, the learned prior knowledge is no longer effective and their performance will drop sharply. To solve this problem, in this paper we propose a general face hallucination method that can integrate model-based optimization and discriminative inference. In particular, to exploit the model based prior, the Deep Convolutional Neural Networks (CNN) denoiser prior is plugged into the super-resolution optimization model with the aid of image-adaptive Laplacian regularization. Additionally, we further develop a high-frequency details compensation method by dividing the face image to facial components and performing face hallucination in a multi-layer neighbor embedding manner. Experiments demonstrate that the proposed method can achieve promising super-resolution results for tiny input LR faces.
Managing Communication Costs under Temporal Uncertainty
Authors: Bhargava Nikhil , Muise Christian , Vaquero Tiago , Williams Brian
Published: July 2018

In multi-agent temporal planning, individual agents cannot know a priori when other agents will execute their actions and so treat those actions as uncertain. Only when others communicate the results of their actions is that uncertainty resolved. If a full communication protocol is specified ahead of time, then delay controllability can be used to assess the feasibility of the temporal plan. However, agents often have flexibility in choosing when to communicate the results of their action. In this paper, we address the question of how to choose communication protocols that guarantee the feasibility of the original temporal plan subject to some cost associated with that communication. To do so, we introduce a means of extracting delay controllability conflicts and show how we can use these conflicts to more efficiently guide our search. We then present three conflict-directed search algorithms and explore the theoretical and empirical trade-offs between the different approaches.
From Pixels to Objects: Cubic Visual Attention for Visual Question Answering
Authors: Song Jingkuan , Zeng Pengpeng , Gao Lianli , Shen Heng Tao
Published: July 2018

Recently, attention-based Visual Question Answering (VQA) has achieved great success by utilizing question to selectively target different visual areas that are related to the answer. Existing visual attention models are generally planar, i.e., different channels of the last conv-layer feature map of an image share the same weight. This conflicts with the attention mechanism because CNN features are naturally spatial and channel-wise. Also, visual attention models are usually conducted on pixel-level, which may cause region discontinuous problem. In this paper we propose a Cubic Visual Attention (CVA) model by successfully applying a novel channel and spatial attention on object regions to improve VQA task. Specifically, instead of attending to pixels, we first take advantage of the object proposal networks to generate a set of object candidates and extract their associated conv features. Then, we utilize the question to guide channel attention and spatial attention calculation based on the con-layer feature map. Finally, the attended visual features and the question are combined to infer the answer. We assess the performance of our proposed CVA on three public image QA datasets, including COCO-QA, VQA and Visual7W. Experimental results show that our proposed method significantly outperforms the state-of-the-arts.