bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Effect of a plant-based diet on oxidative stress biomarkers in male footballers
Authors: Zare Mahsa , Shoaei Niloofar , Karimian Jahangir , Nouri Mehran , Zare Sahar , Leilami Kimia , Shateri Zainab , Sarbakhsh Parvin , Eftekhari Mohammad Hasan , Pourghassem Gargari Bahram
Published: February 2024

Proper nutrition plays a vital role in modulating oxidative status. There is an increasing popularity of plant-based dietary patterns among athletes. Therefore, the present study aimed to determine the plant-based diet index (PDI) score among male footballers and their non-athlete controls, as well as its relationship with oxidative biomarkers by evaluating the urinary excretion of F2alpha-isoprostane (F2a-IP) and 8-hydroxy-2′-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG). A group of footballers (n = 45) and a healthy non-athlete group (n = 45) were selected. The two groups were matched based on body mass index (BMI) and age. The mean (standard deviation (SD)) age of the subjects was 22.88 (2.41) years, and their BMI was 22.08 (1.35) kg/m2. Anthropometric indices were evaluated, and fasting morning urine samples were analyzed to measure oxidative biomarkers. The PDI, unhealthy plant-based diet index (uPDI), and healthy plant-based diet index (hPDI) were calculated using valid food frequency questionnaire data. Generalized estimating equation models were used for all analyses. Compared to the non-athlete group, the PDI score was significantly greater in the footballer group (β = 9.8; P < 0.001), while the differences between the two groups in uPDI and hPDI scores were not significant. Overall, footballers consumed more plant-based foods. By examining the relationship between dietary indices and oxidative biomarkers, only a negative association was observed between PDI score and F2a-IP level (β = −1.25; P = 0.03). Based on the results, footballers were more adherent to a plant-based diet than non-athletes. In addition, it seems that following plant-based diets (the higher PDI) may exert beneficial effects on lowering F2a-IP levels due to improving the body's antioxidant status.
Correlational analysis of occupational accidents and the safety policies in the Chinese coal mining industry from 2008 to 2021
Authors: Zhu Anyu , Wang Qifei , Liu Haolin , Zhu Hongqing , Lei Yun
Published: February 2024

This study investigates the correlation between previous coal mine safety policies and accidents in China. Data on coal mine accidents and government regulatory information from 2008 to 2021 are collected. The characteristics of coal mine accidents are analyzed, and safety policy indexes are identified. An ordinary least squares (OLS) regression model is established to quantitatively analyze the correlation between accidents and safety policy. The study finds that safety policies have some impact on accident occurrence in coal mines. Although there has been a decrease in accidents and deaths over time, higher mortality rates are observed during periods of increased production intensity and on weekends. Gas accidents are the most common, followed by roof and flood accidents. The study concludes that national safety policies with wider coverage and a stronger system are effective in preventing accidents, but caution should be exercised to avoid reduced vigilance with decreasing death rates.
Cardiac autonomic profile, perceived stress and environmental comfort in healthy employees during remote and in-office work
Authors: Perego Francesca , De Maria Beatrice , Parati Monica , Cassetti Giuseppina , Gorini Alessandra , Bari Vlasta , Gelpi Francesca , Porta Alberto , Dalla Vecchia Laura Adelaide
Published: February 2024

Remote work (REMOTE) causes an overlap between working and domestic demands. The study of the cardiac autonomic profile (CAP) by means of heart rate variability (HRV) provides information about the impact of REMOTE on workers’ health. The primary aim was to determine whether CAP, self-perceived stress, environmental and workstation comfort are modified during REMOTE. The secondary aim was to explore how these indices are influenced by individual and environmental work-related factors. Fifty healthy office employees alternating REMOTE and in-office (OFFICE) working were enrolled, rated self-perceived stress, environmental and workstation comfort using a visual analogue scale and performed a 24-h electrocardiogram during REMOTE and OFFICE. Stress was lower (5.6 ± 2.2 vs. 6.4 ± 1.8), environmental comfort higher (7.7 ± 1.9 vs. 7.0 ± 1.5), and the workstation comfort poorer (6.2 ± 1.8 vs. 7.5 ± 1.2) during REMOTE. CAP was similar during REMOTE and OFFICE. CAP was influenced by some work-related factors, including the presence of offspring, absence of a dedicated workspace during REMOTE and number of working hours. All these variables determined a decreased vagal modulation. The working setting seems to impact the levels of perceived stress and comfort, but not the CAP. However, individual and environmental work-related factors reduce cardiac vagal modulation during REMOTE, potentially increasing the risk of developing cardiovascular diseases.
Effects of γ-polyglutamic acid on grassland sandy soil properties and plant functional traits exposed to drought stress
Authors: Skalski Tomasz , Zając Ewelina , Jędrszczyk Elżbieta , Papaj Katarzyna , Kohyt Joanna , Góra Artur , Kasprzycka Anna , Shytum Divine , Skowera Barbara , Ziernicka-Wojtaszek Agnieszka
Published: February 2024

The current study provides field experimental data that support the use of γ-polyglutamic acid (γ-PGA) in drought stress and proposes its application in grassland management. We hypothesized that water treatment combined with PGA application to sandy soil would reduce drought stress in grasslands more effectively than watering alone. A randomized block design was used, with three replicate watering blocks (no watering, weekly watering, and monthly watering) and PGA treatments at four different concentrations (0%, 0.3%, 1%, and 2% PGA). The results showed that PGA acts as a biostimulant, alleviating the effects of stress in plants by: (1) increasing the availability of ions, especially K+, Zn2+, Mn2+, Fe2+/3+, Ca2+, and Mg2+, as well as N-NH4+, and N-NO3−, (2) elongating plant roots, (3) increasing the aboveground biomass, (4) improving the resprouting capacity of the dominant grass Nardus stricta, and (5) improving the regeneration of dicotyledons. In the case of meadows on sandy soils, the use of low PGA concentrations (0.3% or 1%) was the most beneficial for the availability of macro- and microelements and improving the functional traits of plants. Irrigation had a greater effect than using PGA only for the dicotyledon to monocotyledon ratio.
Mapping of soil suitability for medicinal plants using machine learning methods
Authors: Roopashree S. , Anitha J. , Challa Suryateja , Mahesh T. R. , Venkatesan Vinoth Kumar , Guluwadi Suresh
Published: February 2024

Inadequate conservation of medicinal plants can affect their productivity. Traditional assessments and strategies are often time-consuming and linked with errors. Utilizing herbs has been an integral part of the traditional system of medicine for centuries. However, its sustainability and conservation are critical due to climate change, over-harvesting and habitat loss. The study reveals how machine learning algorithms, geographic information systems (GIS) being a powerful tool for mapping and spatial analysis, and soil information can contribute to a swift decision-making approach for actual forethought and intensify the productivity of vulnerable curative plants of specific regions to promote drug discovery. The data analysis based on machine learning and data mining techniques over the soil, medicinal plants and GIS information can predict quick and effective results on a map to nurture the growth of the herbs. The work incorporates the construction of a novel dataset by using the quantum geographic information system tool and recommends the vulnerable herbs by implementing different supervised algorithms such as extra tree classifier (EXTC), random forest, bagging classifier, extreme gradient boosting and k nearest neighbor. Two unique approaches suggested for the user by using EXTC, firstly, for a given subregion type, its suitable soil classes and secondly, for soil type from the user, its respective subregion labels are revealed, finally, potential medicinal herbs and their conservation status are visualised using the choropleth map for classified soil/subregion. The research concludes on EXTC as it showcases outstanding performance for both soil and subregion classifications compared to other models, with an accuracy rate of 99.01% and 98.76%, respectively. The approach focuses on serving as a comprehensive and swift reference for the general public, bioscience researchers, and conservationists interested in conserving medicinal herbs based on soil availability or specific regions through maps.
A spectroscopic test suggests that fragment ion structure annotations in MS/MS libraries are frequently incorrect
Authors: van Tetering Lara , Spies Sylvia , Wildeman Quirine D. K. , Houthuijs Kas J. , van Outersterp Rianne E. , Martens Jonathan , Wevers Ron A. , Wishart David S. , Berden Giel , Oomens Jos
Published: February 2024

Modern untargeted mass spectrometry (MS) analyses quickly detect and resolve thousands of molecular compounds. Although features are readily annotated with a molecular formula in high-resolution small-molecule MS applications, the large majority of them remains unidentified in terms of their full molecular structure. Collision-induced dissociation tandem mass spectrometry (CID-MS2) provides a diagnostic molecular fingerprint to resolve the molecular structure through a library search. However, for de novo identifications, one must often rely on in silico generated MS2 spectra as reference. The ability of different in silico algorithms to correctly predict MS2 spectra and thus to retrieve correct molecular structures is a topic of lively debate, for instance in the CASMI contest. Underlying the predicted MS2 spectra are the in silico generated product ion structures, which are normally not used in de novo identification, but which can serve to critically assess the fragmentation algorithms. Here we evaluate in silico generated MSn product ion structures by comparison with structures established experimentally by infrared ion spectroscopy (IRIS). For a set of three dozen product ion structures from five precursor molecules, we find that virtually all fragment ion structure annotations in three major in silico MS2 libraries (HMDB, METLIN, mzCloud) are incorrect and caution the reader against their use for structure annotation of MS/MS ions.
Revealing the significance of IL-2 and IL-5 in SARS-CoV-2-specific T-cell responses in kidney transplant recipients
Authors: den Hartog Yvette , Malahe S. Reshwan K. , Rietdijk Wim J. R. , Dieterich Marjolein , Gommers Lennert , van Baarle Debbie , Diavatopoulos Dimitri A. , Messchendorp A. Lianne , van der Molen Renate G. , Remmerswaal Ester B. M. , Bemelman Frederike J. , Kho Marcia M. L. , GeurtsvanKessel Corine H. , Koopmans Marion P. G. , Gansevoort Ron T. , Hilbrands Luuk B. , Sanders Jan-Stephan , Reinders Marlies E. J. , Baan Carla C. , de Vries Rory D. ,   on behalf of RECOVAC Consortium, Abrahams Alferso C. , Baas Marije C. , Bouwmans Pim , Hemmelder Marc H. , ten Dam Marc A. G. J. , Frölke Sophie C. , Standaar Dorien , van der Heiden Marieke , Imhof Celine , Vart Priya , Adema Yvonne M. R. , Boer-Verschragen Marieken J. , Mattheussens Wouter B. , Philipsen Ria , van Mourik Djenolan , Rots Nynke , den Hartog Gerco , van Binnendijk Rob
Published: February 2024

Kidney transplant recipients (KTRs) are at an increased risk of severe COVID-19 due to compromised immune responses. Although vaccination is critical in preventing severe disease, KTRs have attenuated vaccination-induced immune responses due to underlying kidney disease and immunosuppressive therapies. In this study, the effect of different COVID-19 booster strategies on SARS-CoV-2-specific T-cell responses was assessed in KTRs who showed a poor serological response after the first two mRNA-based primary vaccination doses. In these KTRs, a third vaccination dose led to an increase in antibody levels in the majority of patients. Production of IL-2 and IL-5 by SARS-CoV-2 specific T cells positively correlated with antibody levels, with stronger correlations compared to IFN-γ production, the ‘traditional’ cytokine to measure T-cell responses. Our study underscores the significance a balanced T-cell cytokine response to achieve robust antibody responses in KTRs. Furthermore, we show that multiple cytokines to assess T-cell responses should be explored to identify individuals in need of tailored vaccination strategies.
The development of early human lymphatic vessels as characterized by lymphatic endothelial markers
Authors: Yamaguchi Shoichiro , Minamide Natsuki , Imai Hiroshi , Ikeda Tomoaki , Watanabe Masatoshi , Imanaka-Yoshida Kyoko , Maruyama Kazuaki
Published: February 2024

Lymphatic vessel development studies in mice and zebrafish models have demonstrated that lymphatic endothelial cells (LECs) predominantly differentiate from venous endothelial cells via the expression of the transcription factor Prox1. However, LECs can also be generated from undifferentiated mesoderm, suggesting potential diversity in their precursor cell origins depending on the organ or anatomical location. Despite these advances, recapitulating human lymphatic malformations in animal models has been difficult, and considering lymphatic vasculature function varies widely between species, analysis of development directly in humans is needed. Here, we examined early lymphatic development in humans by analyzing the histology of 31 embryos and three 9-week-old fetuses. We found that human embryonic cardinal veins, which converged to form initial lymph sacs, produce Prox1-expressing LECs. Furthermore, we describe the lymphatic vessel development in various organs and observe organ-specific differences. These characterizations of the early development of human lymphatic vessels should help to better understand the evolution and phylogenetic relationships of lymphatic systems, and their roles in human disease.
Identification and validation of serum metabolite biomarkers for endometrial cancer diagnosis
Authors: Liu Wanshan , Ma Jinglan , Zhang Juxiang , Cao Jing , Hu Xiaoxiao , Huang Yida , Wang Ruimin , Wu Jiao , Di Wen , Qian Kun , Yin Xia
Published: February 2024

Endometrial cancer (EC) stands as the most prevalent gynecological tumor in women worldwide. Notably, differentiation diagnosis of abnormity detected by ultrasound findings (e.g., thickened endometrium or mass in the uterine cavity) is essential and remains challenging in clinical practice. Herein, we identified a metabolic biomarker panel for differentiation diagnosis of EC using machine learning of high-performance serum metabolic fingerprints (SMFs) and validated the biological function. We first recorded the high-performance SMFs of 191 EC and 204 Non-EC subjects via particle-enhanced laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry (PELDI-MS). Then, we achieved an area-under-the-curve (AUC) of 0.957–0.968 for EC diagnosis through machine learning of high-performance SMFs, outperforming the clinical biomarker of cancer antigen 125 (CA-125, AUC of 0.610–0.684, p < 0.05). Finally, we identified a metabolic biomarker panel of glutamine, glucose, and cholesterol linoleate with an AUC of 0.901–0.902 and validated the biological function in vitro. Therefore, our work would facilitate the development of novel diagnostic biomarkers for EC in clinics.
Coordinating the interaction of ZnO and ZrO2 for an efficient ethanol-to-butadiene process
Authors: Wang Peng , Hou Shaowen , Tu Pengxiang , Xue Bing , Guan Weixin , Wang Dong , Zhou Danfeng , He Yajun , Chen Xinhui , Wang Yixing , Fang Kegong , Li Xiaonian , Ni Jun
Published: February 2024

By finely coordinating the interaction of ZnO and ZrO2, the acidity and basicity of catalysts can be balanced and then the best butadiene productivity can be achieved in the ethanol-to-butadiene process.
Organometallic Ru(ii), Rh(iii) and Re(i) complexes of sterane-based bidentate ligands: synthesis, solution speciation, interaction with biomolecules and anticancer activity
Authors: Pivarcsik Tamás , Kiss Márton A. , Rapuš Uroš , Kljun Jakob , Spengler Gabriella , Frank Éva , Turel Iztok , Enyedy Éva A.
Published: February 2024

Synthesis, characterization, solution speciation, binding affinity towards biomolecules and anticancer activity of organometallic Ru(ii), Rh(iii) and Re(i) complexes of (N,N) donor 5α-dihydrotestosterone-based hybrid ligands.
An uneven distribution of strontium in the coccolithophore Scyphosphaera apsteinii revealed by nanoscale X-ray fluorescence tomography
Authors: Walker Jessica M. , Greene Hallam J. M. , Moazzam Yousef , Quinn Paul D. , Parker Julia E. , Langer Gerald
Published: February 2024

Coccolithophores are biogeochemically and ecologically important phytoplankton that produce calcium carbonate scales, or coccoliths. Here, we show that one species of coccolithophore grows coccoliths with uneven distribution of Sr, in contrast to current fractionation model theory.
The protective effect of l-theanine on the intestinal barrier in heat-stressed organisms
Authors: Wang Bin , Liu Sha , Lin Ling , Xu Wei , Gong Zhihua , Xiao Wenjun
Published: February 2024

l-Theanine (LTA) exerts a protective effect on the intestinal barrier of heat-stressed mice.
Structural characterisation of deer sinew peptides as calcium carriers, their promotion of MC3T3-E1 cell proliferation and their effect on bone deposition in mice
Authors: Sun Li , Liu Jinze , Pei Hongyan , Shi Meiling , Chen Weijia , Zong Ying , Zhao Yan , Li Jianming , Du Rui , He Zhongmei
Published: February 2024

Deer sinew peptides bearing calcium promote osteoblast proliferation and improve microstructures in mice with low calcium.
The structure and potential allergenicity of peanut allergen monomers after roasting
Authors: Zhang Ying , Geng Qin , Song Min , Li Xin , Yang Anshu , Tong Ping , Wu Zhihua , Chen Hongbing
Published: February 2024

Allergen monomers in roasted peanut showed changed structure and potential allergenicity compared with those in raw peanut, and that conformational structure plays a crucial role in potential allergenicity of allergen monomers.
Upconversion as a spear carrier for tuning photovoltaic efficiency
Authors: Chaudhary Nikita , Pahuja Mansi , Ghosh Kaushik
Published: February 2024

IR to visible light conversion via upconversion.
Deciphering the bridge oxygen vacancy-induced cascading charge effect for electrochemical ammonia synthesis
Authors: Biswas Ashmita , Barman Narad , Nambron Avinash , Thapa Ranjit , Sudarshan Kathi , Dey Ramendra Sundar
Published: February 2024

Annealing-assisted vacancy engineering in SnO2 produces bridge oxygen vacancies where Sn atoms (A, B) adjacent to the vacancy undergo end-on followed by side-on N2 adsorption owing to charge contortion and kinetically facilitate the NRR process.
Thermal properties of nanofluids using hydrophilic and hydrophobic LiYF4:Yb/Er upconverting nanoparticles
Authors: Gonçalves João M. , Bastos Ana R. N. , Ribeiro Sidney J. L. , Carlos L. D. , Longo Ricardo L. , Caiut José Maurício A. , Ferreira Rute A. S.
Published: February 2024

Luminescent nanoparticles have shown great potential for thermal sensing in bio-applications. The nanofluids thermal resistances were estimated, showing that the cysteine modification partially prevents heat transfer.
Nanotherapeutic approaches for delivery of long non-coding RNAs: an updated review with emphasis on cancer
Authors: Davodabadi Fatemeh , Mirinejad Shekoufeh , Malik Sumira , Dhasmana Archna , Ulucan-Karnak Fulden , Sargazi Sara , Sargazi Saman , Fathi-Karkan Sonia , Rahdar Abbas
Published: February 2024

The long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) comprise a wide range of RNA species whose length exceeds 200 nucleotides, which regulate the expression of genes and cellular functions in a wide range of organisms.
A computational model for a molecular chemical sensor
Authors: Li Mengxuan , Cucinotta Clotilde S. , Horsfield Andrew P.
Published: February 2024

In this study, we propose that a molecular junction with a sharp Negative Differential Resistance (NDR) current peak could improve the selectivity, thereby functioning as a potential molecular sensor for molecule recognition.
Recent trends in the synthesis and applications of β-iodovinyl sulfones: a decade of progress
Authors: Reddy Raju Jannapu , Kumar Jangam Jagadesh , Kumari Arram Haritha
Published: February 2024

Over the past decade, there has been exponential growth in the vicinal iodosulfonylation of alkynes using sulfonyl and iodide reactants. This review highlights the recent developments of β-iodovinyl sulfones and their applications in organic synthesis.
Alkene carboamination/oxidative denitrogenation of 3-allyl-3-hydrazinylindolin-2-ones: one-pot entry to spirocyclopropyloxindoles
Authors: Manenti Marco , Villa Tommaso , Macetti Giovanni , Silvani Alessandra
Published: February 2024

A mild one-pot protocol has been developed for the synthesis of diversely substituted spirocyclopropyloxindoles, in yields up to 73% and with diastereoselectivity close to 1 : 1.
Optimization strategies for key interfaces of LLZO-based solid-state lithium metal batteries
Authors: Chu Jiangwei , Li Ziwei , Wang Jin , Huang Gang , Zhang Xinbo
Published: February 2024

This review focus on the key interfaces of LLZO-based solid-state lithium metal batteries. The main challenges and corresponding strategies for interface optimization are thoroughly covered.
Biosynthesis and characterization of Ocimum sanctum green silver nanoparticles and unravelling their enhanced anti-filarial activity through a HRAMS proteomics approach
Authors: Mishra Ayushi , Kumar Sunil , Singh Anchal
Published: February 2024

The study aims to explore the anti-filarial potential of biosynthesized Ocimum sanctum silver nanoparticles and to understand their mechanism of action.
Synthesis and characterization of a rhodamine derivative as a selective switch-on fluorescent sensor for Cu2+ ions in aqueous PBS buffer and living cells
Authors: Prajapati Maheshkumar , Pandey Nidhi , Kalla Sarita , Bandaru Sateesh , Sivaiah Areti
Published: February 2024

A novel rhodamine-based receptor molecule (L1) was synthesized via the reaction between rhodamine hydrazide and acetylacetone.
A FokI-driven signal amplification platform for the simultaneous detection of multiple viral RNA pathogens
Authors: Tejedor Juan R. , Roberti Annalisa , Mangas Cristina , Álvarez-Argüelles Marta E. , Rojo-Alba Susana , Boga José A. , Fernández Agustín F. , Melón Santiago , Rodríguez Mercedes , Fraga Mario F.
Published: February 2024

The combination of a nucleic acid amplification method through multiplexed RCA, coupled with signal amplification mediated by FokI-assisted digestion of dumbbell-like oligonucleotides, enhances the detection of multiple human respiratory viruses.
Gradient-integrated bilayer solid polymer electrolyte enabling enhanced room-temperature cyclability for rechargeable lithium metal batteries
Authors: Yuan Yan , Liu Xuyi , Xue Kesi , Kong Yaxin , Wang Bin , Liu Huan , Li Cong , Li Zeyu , Ma Yitian , Lu Hai
Published: February 2024

A novel bilayer solid polymer electrolyte was developed for room-temperature Li metal batteries, consisting of an oxidation-stable PVDF composite layer and a reduction-friendly PEO composite layer, characterized by gradient concentration integration.
Investigation of supramolecular structures in various aqueous solutions of an amyloid forming peptide using small-angle X-ray scattering
Authors: Brunzell Ellen , Sigfridsson Kalle , Gedda Lars , Edwards Katarina , Bergström L. Magnus
Published: February 2024

The peptide pramlintide forms oligomeric species in solution, which make up a supramolecular network characterised by fractal dimensions. The fractal dimension of the network depends on solvent additive.
Stationary shapes of axisymmetric vesicles beyond lowest-energy configurations
Authors: Reboucas Rodrigo B. , Faizi Hammad A. , Miksis Michael J. , Vlahovska Petia M.
Published: February 2024

We conduct a systematic exploration of the energy landscape of vesicle morphologies within the framework of the Helfrich model.
Sugar-plastic assisted fabrication of hollow PDMS wearable fabrics toward excellent sensory capabilities
Authors: Liu Mei , Song Shiqiang , Jiang Zhenlin , Xiong Yujie , Zhang Yong
Published: February 2024

By imitating the hierarchical structure of fingers, this lightweight and breathable pressure sensor exhibits excellent pressure-sensing performance and tactile perception.
Enhanced quantum efficiency and thermal stability by crystal-field engineering in a Y(Ga,Al)3(BO3)4:Cr3+,Yb3+ phosphor for diverse short-wave infrared applications
Authors: Wang Chenxue , Zhang Xibao , Zhong Chuansheng , Wu Xiudi , Xu Yonghui , Yin Shuwen , Yang Qingtao , Zhou Liang , You Hongpeng
Published: February 2024

In this work, a novel NIR phosphor YGa1.8Al1.2(BO3)4:Cr3+ was synthesized. By designing the Cr3+–Yb3+ energy transfer, efficient SWIR luminescence with simultaneously high IQE, thermal stability and output power was achieved.
Regulating the miscibility of donors/acceptors to manipulate the morphology and reduce non-radiative recombination energy loss enables efficient organic solar cells
Authors: Han Ziqi , Wang Ke , Chai Yongqiang , Zhang Rui , Zhang Jianqi , He Dan , Wang Chunru , Zhao Fuwen
Published: February 2024

The miscibility and crystallinity of fused ring electron acceptors is regulated to study the effects on the morphology and energy loss of organic solar cells (OSCs). BTP-C8 based OSCs juggle multiple impacts to gain the best efficiency.
Enrichment of phosphopeptides by arginine-functionalized magnetic chitosan nanoparticles
Authors: Yang Junwei , Zhou Si , Zheng Haijiao , Jia Qiong
Published: February 2024

Nanoparticles show excellent electrostatic affinity for chitosan and arginine, and serve as an ideal adsorbent for the enrichment of phosphopeptides.
Correction: The {Cu2I2} cluster bearing metal organic frameworks: crystal structures and fluorescence detecting performances towards cysteine and explosive molecules
Authors: Jiang Jiang , Li Zi-Wei , Zhang Zhi-Zhuan , Tan Bin , Teat Simon , Wu Zhao-Feng , Huang Xiao-Ying
Published: February 2024

Correction for ‘The {Cu2I2} cluster bearing metal organic frameworks: crystal structures and fluorescence detecting performances towards cysteine and explosive molecules’ by Jiang Jiang et al., Dalton Trans., 2024, 53, 706–714, https://doi.org/10.1039/d3dt03363e.
Co3O4 nanoparticle modified N, P co-doped carbon paper as sodium carrier to construct stable anodes for Na-metal batteries
Authors: Liu Zhaoqi , Zhang Qingwei , Li Lin , Guo Jinxue
Published: February 2024

N, P co-doped carbon paper modified with Co3O4 nanoparticles has excellent sodiophilicity as anode current collector of Na–CO2 batteries, which can stably operate for 165 cycles at current densities of 500 mA g−1 with capacity of 500 mA h g−1.
Differentiating aliphatic and aromatic alcohols using triazine-based supramolecular organogelators: end group-specific selective gelation with chain length of alcohols
Authors: Paul Priya , Saha Subhajit , Biradha Kumar
Published: February 2024

Studies on tripodal gelators containing triazine cores with different end groups in the presence of alcohols suggest that the same alcoholic functionality can be used for both gelation and degelation.
Effect of ferroelectric polarization on the oxygen evolution reaction: a theoretical study of MIrSn2S6 (M = Bi, Mn, and Sb)
Authors: Bai Haoyun , Ip Weng Fai , Feng Wenlin , Pan Hui
Published: February 2024

The roles of ferroelectric polarization in catalysis, which include affecting adsorption configuration, adsorption energy, bonding morphology, kinetics, etc., are systematically investigated based on MIrSn2S6.
Evaluating Real-World Benefits of Hearing Aids With Deep Neural Network–Based Noise Reduction: An Ecological Momentary Assessment Study
Authors: Christensen Jeppe Høy , Whiston Helen , Lough Melanie , Gil-Carvajal Juan Camilo , Rumley Johanne , Saunders Gabrielle H.
Published: February 2024

Purpose:

Noise reduction technologies in hearing aids provide benefits under controlled conditions. However, differences in their real-life effectiveness are not established. We propose that a deep neural network (DNN)–based noise reduction system trained on naturalistic sound environments will provide different real-life benefits compared to traditional systems.

Method:

Real-life listening experiences collected with Ecological Momentary Assessments (EMAs) of participants who used two premium models of hearing aid are compared. One hearing aid model (HA1) used traditional noise reduction; the other hearing aid model (HA2) used DNN-based noise reduction. Participants reported listening experiences several times a day while ambient SPL, SNR, and hearing aid volume adjustments were recorded. Forty experienced hearing aid users completed a total of 3,614 EMAs and recorded 6,812 hr of sound data across two 14-day wear periods.

Results:

Linear mixed-effects analysis document that participants' assessments of ambient noisiness were positively associated with SPL and negatively associated with SNR but are not otherwise affected by hearing aid model. Likewise, mean satisfaction with the two models did not differ. However, individual satisfaction ratings for HA1 were dependent on ambient SNR, which was not the case for HA2.

Conclusions:

Hearing aids with DNN-based noise reduction resulted in consistent sound satisfaction regardless of the level of background noise compared to hearing aids implementing noise reduction based on traditional statistical models. While the two hearing aid models also differed on other parameters (e.g., shape), these differences are unlikely to explain the difference in how background noise impacts sound satisfaction with the aids.

Supplemental Material:

https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.25114526
Auditory Category Learning in Children With Dyslexia
Authors: Roark Casey L. , Thakkar Vishal , Chandrasekaran Bharath , Centanni Tracy M.
Published: February 2024

Purpose:

Developmental dyslexia is proposed to involve selective procedural memory deficits with intact declarative memory. Recent research in the domain of category learning has demonstrated that adults with dyslexia have selective deficits in Information–Integration (II) category learning that is proposed to rely on procedural learning mechanisms and unaffected Rule-Based (RB) category learning that is proposed to rely on declarative, hypothesis testing mechanisms. Importantly, learning mechanisms also change across development, with distinct developmental trajectories in both procedural and declarative learning mechanisms. It is unclear how dyslexia in childhood should influence auditory category learning, a critical skill for speech perception and reading development.

Method:

We examined auditory category learning performance and strategies in 7- to 12-year-old children with dyslexia (
n
= 25; nine females, 16 males) and typically developing controls (
n
= 25; 13 females, 12 males). Participants learned nonspeech auditory categories of spectrotemporal ripples that could be optimally learned with either RB selective attention to the temporal modulation dimension or procedural integration of information across spectral and temporal dimensions. We statistically compared performance using mixed-model analyses of variance and identified strategies using decision-bound computational models.

Results:

We found that children with dyslexia have an apparent selective RB category learning deficit, rather than a selective II learning deficit observed in prior work in adults with dyslexia.

Conclusion:

These results suggest that the important skill of auditory category learning is impacted in children with dyslexia and throughout development, individuals with dyslexia may develop compensatory strategies that preserve declarative learning while developing difficulties in procedural learning.

Supplemental Material:

https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.25148519
English Prosodic Focus Marking by Cantonese Trilingual Children With and Without Autism Spectrum Disorder
Authors: Wang Bruce Xiao , Chen Si , Zhou Fang , Liu Jiang , Xiao Cheng , Chan Angel , Tang Tempo
Published: February 2024

Purpose:

The current study investigated English prosodic focus marking by autistic and typically developing (TD) Cantonese trilingual children, and examined the potential differences in this regard compared to native English-speaking children.

Method:

Forty-eight participants were recruited with 16 speakers for each of the three groups (Cantonese-speaking autistic [CASD], Cantonese-speaking TD [CTD], and English-speaking TD [ETD] children), and prompt questions were designed to elicit desired focus type (i.e., broad, narrow, and contrastive focus). Mean duration, mean fundamental frequency (
F
0),
F
0 range, mean intensity, and
F
0 curves were used as the acoustic correlates for linear mixed-effects model fitting and functional data analyses in relation to groups and focus conditions (i.e., broad, narrow, and contrastive pre-, on-, and post-focus).

Results:

The CTD group had post-focus compression (PFC) patterns via reducing mean duration, narrowing
F
0 range, and lowering mean
F
0,
F
0 curve, and mean intensity for words under both narrow and contrastive post-focus conditions, while the CASD group only had shortened mean duration and lowered
F
0 curves. However, neither the CTD group nor CASD group showed much of on-focus expansion (OFE) patterns. The ETD group marked OFE by increasing mean duration, mean
F
0, mean intensity, and higher
F
0 curve for words under on-focus conditions.

Conclusions:

The CTD group utilized more acoustic cues than the CASD group when it comes to PFC. The ETD group differed from the CASD and CTD groups in the use of OFE. Furthermore, both the CASD and CTD groups showed positive first language transfer in the use of duration and intensity and, potentially, successful acquisition in the use of
F
0 for prosodic focus marking. Meanwhile, the differences in the use of OFE between the Cantonese-speaking and English-speaking groups, not PFC, might indicate that Cantonese-speaking children acquire PFC prior to OFE.
A leader‐follower communication protocol for motion planning in partially known environments under temporal logic specifications
Authors: Yan Xiaohong , Liu Yingying , Chen Renwen , Duan Wei
Published: February 2024

This paper considers the problem of communication protocols between leaders and its followers for motion planning in an initially partially known environment. In this setting, the leader observes the environment information to satisfy its own local objective and and the follower completes its own local objective by estimating the states of the leader and communicating with the leader to update its knowledge about the environment when it is necessary, where the local objectives can be expressed in temporal logic. A verifier construction is built first to contain all possible communication protocols between the leaders and the followers. Then, a two‐step synthesis procedure is proposed to capture all feasible communication protocol that satisfy the local objectives for the leader and follower, respectively. In the first step, a sub‐verifier is synthesized to satisfy the objective of the follower. In the second step, based on the obtained sub‐verifier, an iterative algorithm is proposed to extract communication protocols such that the objectives of the leader and follower are satisfied, respectively. A running example is provided to illustrate the proposed procedures.
Estimation of maximum non‐synchronous generation of renewable energy in the South Korea power system based on the minimum level of inertia
Authors: Im Seunghyuk , Lee Kyungsang , Lee Byongjun
Published: February 2024

Managing the output of renewable energy sources considering their uncertainty and variability is crucial for resilience in power system operation. In addition, analyzing stability issues that may arise at the maximum output is important to ensure power system stability. Therefore, the authors propose a method for estimating the maximum non‐synchronous generation (Max NSG) of renewable energy based on the minimum inertia of the power system. The minimum inertia is determined through the correlation between the available and required quantity of inertia and governor resources, satisfying the frequency standards in a South Korean power system. The Max NSG of renewable energy sources at that system inertia level is estimated based on the derived minimum inertia. The proposed method was applied to 22,612 operation data extracted from the Korea energy management system (K‐EMS). The authors estimated a linear relationship between demand levels and Max NSG, ranging from 52.6 to 3.83 GW. The study shows that Max NSG, which is difficult to estimate in many power system operating conditions, can be estimated based on minimum inertia considering the frequency stability in South Korean power systems.
Full L- and M-band high resolution spectroscopy of the S CrA binary disks with VLT-CRIRES+
Authors: Grant Sierra L. , Bettoni Giulio , Banzatti Andrea , van Dishoeck Ewine F. , Brittain Sean , Fedele Davide , Henning Thomas , Manara Carlo F. , Semenov Dmitry , Whelan Emma
Published: February 2024

Context. The Cryogenic IR echelle Spectrometer (CRIRES) instrument at the Very Large Telescope (VLT) was in operation from 2006 to 2014. Great strides in characterizing the inner regions of protoplanetary disks were made using CRIRES observations in the L- and M-band at this time. The upgraded instrument, CRIRES+, became available in 2021 and covers a larger wavelength range simultaneously.

Aims. Here, we present new CRIRES+ Science Verification data of the binary system S Coronae Australis (S CrA). We aim to characterize the upgraded CRIRES+ instrument for disk studies and provide new insight into the gas in the inner disk of the S CrA N and S systems.

Methods. We analyze the CRIRES+ data taken in all available L- and M-band settings, providing spectral coverage from 2.9 to 5.5 μm.

Results. We detect emission from 12CO (v = 1−0, v = 2−1, and v = 3−2), 13CO (v = 1−0), hydrogen recombination lines, OH, and H2O in the S CrA N disk. In the fainter S CrA S system, only the12 CO v = 1−0 and the hydrogen recombination lines are detected. The 12CO v = 1−0 emission in S CrA N and S shows two velocity components, a broad component coming from ~0.1 au in S CrA N and ~0.03 au in S CrA S and a narrow component coming from ~3 au in S CrA N and ~5 au in S CrA S. We fit local thermodynamic equilibrium slab models to the rotation diagrams of the two S CrA N velocity components and find that they have similar column densities (~8×1016−4×1017 cm−2), but that the broad component is coming from a hotter and narrower region.

Conclusions. Two filter settings, M4211 and M4368, provide sufficient wavelength coverage for characterizing CO and H2O at ~5 μm, in particular covering low- and high-J lines. CRIRES+ provides spectral coverage and resolution that are crucial complements to low-resolution observations, such as those with JWST, where multiple velocity components cannot be distinguished.
Uranus’s complex internal structure
Authors: Neuenschwander Benno A. , Müller Simon , Helled Ravit
Published: February 2024

Context. Uranus’s bulk composition remains unknown. Although there are clear indications that Uranus’s interior is not fully convec-tive, and therefore has a non-adiabatic temperature profile, many interior models continue to assume an adiabatic interior.

Aims. In this paper we present a new method for interpreting empirical structure models in terms of composition and for identifying non-convective regions. We also explore how the uncertainty in Uranus’s rotation period and winds affects the inferred composition and temperature profile.

Methods. We used Uranus’s density profiles from previous work in which the density is represented by up to three polytropes.

Results. Using our new method, we find that these empirical models imply that Uranus’s interior includes non-adiabatic regions. This leads to significantly hotter internal temperatures, which can reach several tens of thousands of kelvins, and higher bulk heavy-element abundances (up to 1 M⊕) compared to standard adiabatic models. We find that the assumed rotation period strongly affects the inferred composition, while the winds have a negligible effect. Although solutions with only H–He and rock are possible, we find that the maximum water-to-rock ratio in Uranus for our models ranges between 2.6 and 21. This is significantly lower compared to standard adiabatic models.

Conclusions. We conclude that it is important to include non-adiabatic regions in Uranus structure models as they significantly affect the inferred temperature profile and, therefore, the inferred bulk heavy-element abundance. In addition, we suggest that to decrease the uncertainty in Uranus’s bulk composition, it is of great value to measure Uranus’s gravitational field and determine its rotation period.
Multiband reflectance and shadowing of the protoplanetary disk RX J1604.3-2130 in scattered light
Authors: Zhong Huisheng , Ren Bin B. , Ma Bo , Xie Chen , Ma Jie , Wallack Nicole L. , Mawet Dimitri , Ruane Garreth
Published: February 2024

Context. A spatially resoved circumstellar disk spectrum and composition can provide valuable insights into the bulk composition of forming planets and into the mineralogical signatures that emerge during and after planet formation.

Aims. We systemically extracted the RX J1604.3-213010 (J1604 hereafter) protoplanetary disk in high-contrast imaging observations and obtained its multi-band reflectance in the visible to near-infrared wavelengths.

Methods. We obtained coronagraphic observations of J1604 from the Keck Observatory NIRC2 instrument and archival data from the Very Large Telescope SPHERE instrument. Using archival images to remove star light and speckles, we recovered the J1604 disk and obtained its surface brightness using forward modeling. Together with polarization data, we obtained the relative reflectance of the disk in R, J, H (H2 and H3), K (K1 and K2), and L′ bands spanning 2 yr.

Results. Relative to the J1604 star, the resolved disk has a reflectance of ~10−1 arcsec−2 in R through H bands and ~10−2 arcsec−2 in K and L′ bands, showing a blue color. Together with other systems, we summarized the multiband reflectance for nine systems. We also identified a varying disk geometry structure, and a shadow that vanished between June and August in 2015.

Conclusions. Motivated by broadband observations, the deployment of the latest technologies could yield higher-resolution reflection spectra, thereby informing the dust composition of disks in scattered light in the future. With multi-epoch observations, variable shadows have the potential to deepen our insight into the dynamic characteristics of inner disk regions.
Variable stars in galactic globular clusters
Authors: Cruz Reyes Mauricio , Anderson Richard I. , Johansson Lucas , Netzel Henryka , Medaric Zoé
Published: February 2024

We present a comprehensive catalog of 2824 RR Lyrae stars (RRLs) residing in 115 Galactic globular clusters (GCs). Our catalog includes 1594 fundamental-mode (RRab), 824 first-overtone (RRc), and 28 double-mode (RRd) RRLs, as well as 378 RRLs of an unknown pulsation mode. We cross-matched 481 349 RRLs reported in the third Data Release (DR3) of the ESA mission Gaia and the literature to 170 known GCs. Membership probabilities were computed as the products of a position and shape-dependent prior and a likelihood was computed using parallaxes, proper motions, and, where available, radial velocities from Gaia. Membership likelihoods of RRLs were computed by comparing cluster average parameters based on known member stars and the cross-matched RRLs. We determined empirical RRL instability strip (IS) boundaries based on our catalog and detected three new cluster RRLs inside this region via their excess Gaia G-band photometric uncertainties. We find that 77% of RRLs in GCs are included in the Gaia DR3 Specific Object Study, and 82% were classified as RRLs by the Gaia DR3 classifier, with the majority of the missing sources being located at the crowded GC centers. Surprisingly, we find that 25% of cluster member stars located within the empirical IS are not RRLs and appear to be non-variable. Additionally, we find that 80% of RRab, 84% of RRc, and 100% of the RRd stars are located within theoretical IS boundaries predicted using MESA models with Z = 0.0003, M = 0.7 M⊙, and Y = 0.290. Unexpectedly, a higher Y = 0.357 is required to fully match the location of RRc stars, and lower Y = 0.220 is needed to match the location of RRab stars. Lastly, our catalog does not exhibit an Oosterhoff dichotomy, with at least 22 GCs located inside the Oosterhoff “gap”, which is close to the mode of the distribution of mean RRL periods in GCs.
Vapor equilibrium models of accreting rocky planets demonstrate direct core growth by pebble accretion
Authors: Steinmeyer Marie-Luise , Johansen Anders
Published: February 2024

The gaseous envelope of an accreting rocky planet becomes hot enough to sublimate silicates and other refractory minerals. For this work, we studied the effect of the resulting envelope enrichment with a heavy vapor species on the composition and temperature of the envelope. For simplification, we used the gas-phase molecule SiO to represent the sublimation of silicate material. We solved the equilibrium structure equations in 1D for planets in the mass range of 0.1 to 3 M⊕. The convective stability criterion was extended to take the stabilizing effect of the condensation of SiO clouds into account. We assumed that the envelope is both in hydrostatic equilibrium and in vapor equilibrium with the underlying magma ocean. This means that pebbles do not undergo sublimation in the envelope and therefore survive until they plunge into the magma ocean. We find that the emergence of an inner radiative region, where SiO condensation suppresses convection, increases the pressure and temperature in the inner envelope compared to pure H2/He envelopes once Mpl ≳ 0.3 M⊕. For Mpl > 0.75 M⊕, the temperature and pressure close to the surface reach the supercritical point of SiO. The amount of SiO stored in the envelope is lower than the total planet mass for low mass planets. However, for Mpl > 2.0 M⊕, all accreted pebble material must contribute to maintain the vapor equilibrium in the envelope. Therefore, the non-vapor mass of the planet ceases to increase beyond this threshold. Overall, our vapor equilibrium model of the planetary envelope allows for direct core growth by pebble accretion up to much higher masses than previously thought.
Low-carbon Design Principles and Operational Strategies for Concrete Substation Buildings
Authors: Hu Yashan , Li Yinling , Wu Jingyun , Huang Zheng
Published: February 2024

As the economy continues to advance, and the populace's demand for material well-being grows, urban areas are witnessing an increasing need for electricity supply. Substations, playing a pivotal role in the power industry, are proliferating in terms of both quantity and construction scale. Reinforced concrete substation buildings are a common infrastructure that provides a suitable physical environment for the operation of power equipment. A thorough examination and analysis conducted through on-site investigations have unveiled deficiencies in the low-carbon design and operation of substation buildings, resulting in energy wastage and extra carbon emissions. Consequently, this study endeavors to introduce a method for calculating carbon emissions during the operational phase of reinforced concrete structure substations. It also presents corresponding strategies for low-carbon design and operation. These strategies encompass low-carbon design principles for the building envelope structure, the utilization of renewable energy, low-carbon design considerations for artificial lighting, and the implementation of intelligent environmental control systems. The strategies proposed in this research provide valuable ideas for making the power and construction industries more environmentally friendly and energy-efficient.