bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Ethics of the fiduciary relationship between patient and physician: the case of informed consent
Authors: Ludewigs Sophie , Narchi Jonas , Kiefer Lukas , Winkler Eva C
Published: December 2022

This paper serves two purposes: first, the proposition of an ethical fiduciary theory that substantiates the often-cited assertion that the patient–physician relationship is fiduciary in nature; and second, the application of this theory to the case of informed consent. Patients’ decision-making preferences vary significantly. While some seek fully autonomous decision-making, others prefer to delegate parts of their decision. Therefore, we propose an ethical fiduciary theory that allows physician and patient to jointly determine the physician’s role on a spectrum from fiduciary as advisor to fiduciary as agent. Drawing on legal concepts of the fiduciary relationship and on phenomenological accounts of obligation by Lévinas and Løgstrup, our theory relies on the key attributes of trust, vulnerability and otherness. Finally, practical implications of this theory for the informed consent process are developed: we propose a preassessment of patients’ risk and value profiles as well as a restructuring of the oral consent interview and the written consent materials.
Systematic review to evaluate algorithms for REBOA use in trauma and identify a consensus for patient selection
Authors: Maiga Amelia Walling , Kundi Rishi , Morrison Jonathan James , Spalding Chance , Duchesne Juan , Hunt John , Nguyen Jonathan , Benjamin Elizabeth , Moore Ernest E , Lawless Ryan , Beckett Andrew , Russo Rachel , Dennis Bradley M
Published: December 2022

Background

Patient selection for resuscitative endovascular balloon occlusion of the aorta (REBOA) has evolved during the last decade. A recent multicenter collaboration to implement the newest generation REBOA balloon catheter identified variability in patient selection criteria. The aims of this systematic review were to compare recent REBOA patient selection guidelines and to identify current areas of consensus and variability.

Methods

In accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines, we conducted a systematic review of clinical practice guidelines for REBOA patient selection in trauma. Published algorithms from 2015 to 2022 and institutional guidelines from a seven-center REBOA collaboration were compiled and synthesized.

Results

Ten published algorithms and seven institutional guidelines on REBOA patient selection were included. Broad consensus exists on REBOA deployment for blunt and penetrating trauma patients with non-compressible torso hemorrhage refractory to blood product resuscitation. Algorithms diverge on precise systolic blood pressure triggers for early common femoral artery access and REBOA deployment, as well as the use of REBOA for traumatic arrest and chest or extremity hemorrhage control.

Conclusion

Although our convenience sample of institutional guidelines likely underestimates patient selection variability, broad consensus exists in the published literature regarding REBOA deployment for blunt and penetrating trauma patients with hypotension not responsive to resuscitation. Several areas of patient selection variability reflect individual practice environments.

Level of evidence

Level 5, systematic review.
Complex network analysis of global forest products trade pattern
Authors: Wang Rui , Wu Hongmei , Zhe Ru , Zhang Yi᾿an
Published: December 2022

Forest products trade has a critical role to play in both global economic development and environmental protection. Based on the trade data of global forest products, raw forest products, and processed forest products from 2000 to 2020, this paper constructed a trade network and analyzed its pattern by using indicators such as density, average distance, out-strength, and in-strength. The results show that from 2000 to 2020, the global trade network of forest products has been increasingly connected. Compared with the trade of raw material forest products, the trade network of processed forest products is more closely connected and its transport efficiency is higher. Countries with high GDP such as USA, China, and Germany are leading trading countries in forest products. Countries with abundant forest resources are the major exporters of raw forest products, while labor- and capital-abundant countries are major exporters of processed forest products. Countries with abundant labor and capital and high GDP are the main importers of raw forest products.
A comparative study of inverse dynamics in a spatial redundantly actuated parallel mechanism constrained by two point-contact higher kinematic pairs
Authors: Cheng Chen , Yuan Xiaojing , Chen Yanjie
Published: December 2022

A life-sized spatial redundantly actuated parallel mechanism (RAPM) constrained by two point-contact higher kinematic pairs (HKPs) has been designed, inspired by the mastication in human beings. To facilitate its real-time control in practice, an accurate inverse dynamics model is built in this paper. Firstly, its constrained motions are described, thereafter three dynamics methods, i.e., Newton–Euler’s law, the Lagrangian equations, and the principle of virtual work, respectively, are used to explore its rigid-body inverse dynamics. Symbolic results show that model structures based on these approaches are quite different. The model via Newton–Euler’s law well reflects the nature of the mechanism in terms of the constraint forces at HKPs, while those from the latter two methods do not contain them. Despite this, the actuating torques from these three models are identical. The comparisons between the dynamics models of the RAPM and its counterpart free of HKPs clarify that the constraints at HKPs greatly alter the model structures and numerical results, and the computational difficulties are considerably larger in the models of the RAPM.
Anyonic defect branes and conformal blocks in twisted equivariant differential (TED) K-theory
Authors: Sati Hisham , Schreiber Urs
Published: December 2022

We demonstrate that twisted equivariant differential K-theory of transverse complex curves accommodates exotic charges of the form expected of codimension[Formula: see text]2 defect branes, such as of [Formula: see text]-branes in IIB/F-theory on [Formula: see text]-type orbifold singularities, but also of their dual 3-brane defects of class-S theories on M5-branes. These branes have been argued, within F-theory and the AGT correspondence, to carry special [Formula: see text]-monodromy charges not seen for other branes, at least partially reflected in conformal blocks of the [Formula: see text]-WZW model over their transverse punctured complex curve. Indeed, it has been argued that all “exotic” branes of string theory are defect branes carrying such U-duality monodromy charges — but none of these had previously been identified in the expected brane charge quantization law given by K-theory.

Here we observe that it is the subtle (and previously somewhat neglected) twisting of equivariant K-theory by flat complex line bundles appearing inside orbi-singularities (“inner local systems”) that makes the secondary Chern character on a punctured plane inside an [Formula: see text]-type singularity evaluate to the twisted holomorphic de Rham cohomology which Feigin, Schechtman and Varchenko showed realizes [Formula: see text]-conformal blocks, here in degree 1 — in fact it gives the direct sum of these over all admissible fractional levels [Formula: see text]. The remaining higher-degree [Formula: see text]-conformal blocks appear similarly if we assume our previously discussed “Hypothesis H” about brane charge quantization in M-theory. Since conformal blocks — and hence these twisted equivariant secondary Chern characters — solve the Knizhnik–Zamolodchikov equation and thus constitute representations of the braid group of motions of defect branes inside their transverse space, this provides a concrete first-principles realization of anyon statistics of — and hence of topological quantum computation on — defect branes in string/M-theory.
High-throughput sorting of two-color fluorescent-labeled zebrafish embryos
Authors: Tang Hongzhen , Wang Linbo , Chen Xiaohu , Chen Chong , Li Hui , Yang Guang
Published: December 2022

The zebrafish embryos were widely employed in genetics, development and drug discovery studies as miniatured animal models. Sorting of two-color fluorescent embryos is often required in large-scale experiments but it is challenging to manually sort with high efficiency. Here, we reported a high-throughput sorting system for two-color fluorescent zebrafish embryos. The embryos can be automatically loaded from a sample pool and sorted based on the average fluorescent intensity. The two-color fluorescent signals were split into two lines and detected by an area array camera. The system achieves the sorting of 100 embryos in less than 10[Formula: see text]min with an accuracy of greater than 95%.
Biogenic Synthesis, Characterization and Antimicrobial Activity of Silver Nanoparticles Mediated by Oil Extracted from Waste Seeds of Citrus Sinensis
Authors: Roquia Amatur , Mustafa Al-Lawati Wafa , Al-Hadrami Intisar Salim , Al-Abdali Safa Saleh , Rahman Al-Rabaani Mizna Abdul , Gopal Gopika
Published: December 2022

Nanoparticles have gained significant importance due to their small size and effective surface area. Green synthesis of nanoparticles has become a significant tool in material synthesis due to its eco-friendly, economical and less time-consuming aspects. Sweet lime (Citrus sinensis) peel has been used for extract preparation and synthesis of AgNPs. Such nanoparticles have been shown to have excellent anti-microbial and detoxification properties. Though a large number of studies have shown synthesis of AgNP from peel and other parts of C. sinensis, there are no reports of AgNP synthesis from oil extracted from seeds. In this study, oil was extracted from C. sinensis seeds by solvent extraction. The extracted oil was used for the synthesis of AgNPs by bottom-up path approach. The synthesized AgNPs were found to be spherical in shape with size ranging from 30[Formula: see text]nm and above. SEM and TEM showed that they are uniformly dispersed particles with no aggregation. Different concentrations of AgNO3 (1[Formula: see text]mM, 3[Formula: see text]mM and 10[Formula: see text]mM) showed distinct UV spectra with UV showing sharp peaks for 10[Formula: see text]mM. XRD characterization showed distinct peaks for AgNP when compared to oil extracted. The synthesized AgNPs in this study showed distinct antibacterial activity against E. coli and S. aureus. The AgNPs showed antifungal activity against Pencillium and Rhizopus. Thus, the synthesized AgNPs could be effective antimicrobial agents that could have potential application in food storage and water detoxification.
The Impact of Carpal Tunnel Release on Two-Point Discrimination, Quick Disabilities of Arm, Shoulder and Hand Score and Distal Motor Latency – A Multi-centre Prospective Study
Authors: KAMIYA Yukinobu , MINAMI Akio , TOJO Yasuaki , MIKAMI Yoji , IWASAKI Norimasa , SAKAI Akinori
Published: December 2022

Background: The authors conducted a prospective, multi-centre study to assess the impact of carpal tunnel release (CTR) on Two-Point Discrimination (2-PD), Quick Disabilities of Arm, Shoulder and Hand Score (Q-DASH), and Distal Motor Latency (DL). The primary aim was to determine the change in outcome measurements (2-PD, Q-DASH and DL) preoperatively and postoperatively at 6 months and 1 year. The secondary aims of the study were to determine whether the postoperative outcomes were different at the 6-month and 1-year follow-up and if there was difference in outcomes based on the preoperative severity of carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS).

Methods: A total of 205 hands in 171 patients underwent CTR at five hospitals over a 2-year period. A total of 110 hands in 94 patients were followed-up and analysed. The 2-PD, Q-DASH and DL were measured for all patients preoperatively and at 6 months and 1 year postoperatively. Patients were divided into two groups ‘mild’ and ‘severe’ based on pre-operative DL score (mild ≤ 8.1 msec). The change in preoperative and postoperative 2-PD, Q-DASH and DL values were compared. The change in pre-operative and post-operative 2-PD and Q-DASH values were also compared between the ‘mild’ and ‘severe’ groups.

Results: The 2-PD, Q-DASH and DL showed significant improvement at 6-month and 1-year follow-ups compared to pre-operative values. However, there were no significant differences in all three parameters between the 6-month and 1-year measurements. There was significant improvement in preoperative and postoperative 2-PD and Q-DASH scores between the mild and severe groups.

Conclusions: CTR is an effective treatment for patients with CTS with significant improvement in all three outcome parameters (2-PD, Q-DASH and DL). The improvement in outcome plateaus at 6 months and additional follow-up may not be useful.

Level of Evidence: Level II (Therapeutic)
LocalRec 2021 Workshop Report: The Fifth ACM SIGSPATIAL Workshop on Location-Based Recommendations, Geosocial Networks and Geoadvertising
Authors: Bouros Panagiotis , Dasu Tamraparni , Kanza Yaron , Renz Matthias , Sacharidis Dimitris
Published: December 2022

The amount of publicly available geo-referenced data has seen a dramatic increase over the last years. Many user activities generate data that are annotated with location and contextual information. It has also become easier to collect and combine rich and diverse location information. In the context of geoadvertising, the use of geosocial data for targeted marketing is receiving significant attention from a wide spectrum of companies and organizations. With the advent of smartphones and online social networks, a multi-billion dollar industry that utilizes geosocial data for advertising and marketing has emerged. Geotagged social-media posts, GPS traces, data from cellular antennas and WiFi access points are used widely to directly access people for advertising, recommendations, marketing, and group purchases. Exploiting this torrent of geo-referenced data provides a tremendous potential to materially improve existing recommendation services and offer novel ones, with numerous applications in many domains, including social networks, marketing, and tourism.
GeoHumanities 2021 Workshop Report
Authors: Moncla Ludovic , Brando Carmen , McDonough Katherine
Published: December 2022

This article reports on the 5th ACM SIGSPATIAL Workshop on Geospatial Humanities, held in conjunction with the 29th ACM SIGSPATIAL International Conference on Advances in Geographic Information Systems. The article outlines the objectives of the workshop, and briefly describes the technical program.
Report from ACM IMX 2021
Authors: Li Lingyuan
Published: December 2022

Although the Covid-19 pandemic has forced international researchers and practitioners to share their research at virtual conferences, ACM Interactive Media Experiences (IMX) 2021 clearly invested significant time and effort to provide all attendees with an accessible, interactive, and vibrant online academic feast. Serving on the Organizing Committee of IMX 2021 as the Student Volunteer Chair as well as a Doctoral Consortium student, I was happy and honoured to take part in the conference, to help support it, and to see how attendees enjoyed and benefited from it.
COCO Annotator
Authors: Stefanics Daniela , Fox Markus
Published: December 2022

COCO Annotator is an image annotation tool that allows the labelling of images to create training data for object detection and localization. It provides many features, including the ability to label an image segment by drawing, label objects with disconnected visible parts, efficiently store and export annotations in the well-known COCO format as well as importing existing publicly available datasets in COCO format. Once installed, or started with Docker, the interface is web-based and customizable, and provides different tools for creating datasets. The exported annotations can be used for the training of modern deep learning algorithms (Mask R-CNN, YOLO, etc.). Import of the COCO format is supported by several machine learning frameworks. COCO Annotator is developed by Justin Brooks and is supported by a lively community on Github [1].
Students Report of ACM Multimedia System 2021
Authors: Nguyen Minh , A. Lucas Torrealba , Parastar Paniz , Cetinkaya Ekrem , Bartolec Ivan , Armijo Jesus Aguilar
Published: December 2022

The 12th ACM Multimedia Systems Conference (MMSys'21) happened from September 28th through October 1st, 2021. The MMSys conference is an important forum for researchers in multimedia systems. But, due to the ongoing pandemic, the event was held in a hybrid mode - onsite in Istanbul, Turkey, and online. Organizers and chairs (Özgü Alay, Cheng-Hsin Hsu, and Ali C. Begen) worked very hard to make sure the conference was successful, both for the on-site participants (around 50) and the online participants (with a peak of 330 concurrent viewers). For a small description of the event, take a look at the text written by Ali Begen, one of the general chairs.

To encourage student authors to participate on-site, SIGMM has sponsored a group of students with Student Travel Grant Awards. Students who wanted to apply for this travel grant needed to submit an online form before the submission deadline. Then, the selection committee chose 7 travel grant winners. The selected students received either 1,000 or 2,000 USD to cover their airline tickets as well accommodation costs for this event. We asked the travel grant winners to share their unique experiences attending MMSys'21. The following are their comments.
Demonstration of SAR Improvement in Wireless Body Area Network Using Foldable Antenna having Metamaterial Architecture
Authors: Subhani Sheraz Arif
Published: December 2022

A Fork dual-band antenna is proposed with metamaterial structure for WBAN applications. The antenna is designed at 2.45 GHz and 5.8 GHz frequency. The metamaterial used is an EBG structure that reduces the SAR of the antenna on the body and makes it safe to use for wearable applications. The substrate used is polyimide that is a bendable substance. This provides the antenna to be bendable over different part of the body and makes it the best fit for wearable applications. The antenna could be used for medical applications. The gain of the antenna increases after adding the metamaterial from 2 dpi to 12 dpi.
Automated quantification and statistical assessment of proliferating cardiomyocyte rates in embryonic hearts
Authors: Bogomolovas Julius , Zhang Zengming , Wu Tongbin , Chen Ju
Published: December 2022

The use of digital image analysis and count regression models contributes to the reproducibility and rigor of histological studies in cardiovascular research. The use of formalized computer-based quantification strategies of histological images essentially removes potential researcher bias, allows for higher analysis throughput, and enables easy sharing of formalized quantification tools, contributing to research transparency, and data transferability. Moreover, the use of count regression models rather than ratios in statistical analysis of cell population data incorporates the extent of sampling into analysis and acknowledges the non-Gaussian nature of count distributions. Using quantification of proliferating cardiomyocytes in embryonic murine hearts as an example, we describe how these improvements can be implemented using open-source artificial intelligence-based image analysis tools and novel count regression models to efficiently analyze real-life data.
PD-1 Checkpoint Blockade in Patients for Acute Myeloid Leukemia after HSCT Relapse Resulted in Severe GVHD and sHLH
Authors: Du Zhi zhuo , Zhou Mi , Ling Jing , Cao Lan , Kong Lingjun , Cheng Shengqin , Xiao Peifang , Hu Shaoyan
Published: December 2022

Treatment with immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) such as carrizumab leads to immune-mediated adverse effects including severe acute graft versus host disease (aGVHD) and secondary hemophagocytic syndrome (sHLH). Herein, we present two cases where aGVHD and sHLH developed after ICI administration, which was treated using methylprednisolone (MP). They developed high-grade fever complicated with liver dysfunction and diarrhea 1 day after ICI administration. Treatment with MP does not alleviate symptoms because of steroid resistance. Hyperbilirubinemia, rash with blisters, and watery diarrhea showed severe aGVHD. Hyperferritinemia, hypertriglyceridemia, and cytopenias suggested the diagnosis of HLH and met the criteria for sHLH diagnosis. They were thus administered intravenous high-dose MP, methotrexate (MTX), basiliximab, ruxolitinib, etc, which resolved these symptoms.
Performance Analysis of Bloom Filter for Big Data Analytics
Authors: Alsuhibany Suliman A. , Alsuhaibani Mohammed , Khan Rehan Ullah , Qamar Ali Mustafa
Published: December 2022

The rapid rise of data value, such as social media and mobile applications, results in large volumes of data, which is what the term “big data” refers to. The increased rate of data growth makes handling big data very challenging. Despite a Bloom filter (BF) technique having previously been proposed as a space-and-time efficient probabilistic method, this proposal has not yet been evaluated in terms of big data. This study, thus, evaluates the BF technique by conducting an experimental study with a large amount of data. The results revealed that BF overcomes the efficiency not present in the space-and-time of indexing and examining big data. Moreover, to address the increase of false-positive rate in using BF with big data, a novel false-positive rate reduction approach is proposed in this paper. The initial experimental results of evaluating this method are very promising. The novel approach helped to reduce the false-positive rate by more than 70%.
Inversion of Rayleigh Wave Dispersion Curves via Long Short-Term Memory Combined with Particle Swarm Optimization
Authors: Fu Yu , Yang Angen , Yao Zhenan , Liu Yuchen , Li Hongxing , Chen Haonan , Wang Xiangteng
Published: December 2022

An essential step in surface wave exploration is the inversion of dispersion curves. By inverting dispersion curves, we can effectively establish the shear-wave velocity model and obtain reliable subsurface stratigraphic information. The inversion of dispersion curves is an inversion problem with multiple parameters and multiple poles, and obtaining a high precision solution is difficult. Among the methods of inversion of dispersion curves, local search methods are prone to fall into local extremes, and global search methods such as particle swarm optimization (PSO) and genetic algorithm (GA) present the disadvantages of slow convergence speed and low precision. Deep learning models with strong nonlinear mapping capability can effectively solve nonlinear problems. Therefore, we propose a method called PSO-optimized long short-term memory (LSTM) network (PSO-LSTM) to invert the dispersion curves in order to improve the effect of inversion of dispersion curves. The method is based on the LSTM network, and PSO is used to optimize the LSTM network structure and other parameters that need to be given manually to improve the prediction of the network. Two theoretical geological models are used in the paper: Model A and Model B to test the PSO-LSTM. The tests include the noisy data test and noise-free data test. Model A was tested without noise, and Model B was tested with noise. In addition, PSO and LSTM were tested on model A to compare the performance of PSO-LSTM. In Model A, the maximum relative errors of PSO and LSTM are 20.76% and 5.85%, respectively, and the maximum standard deviations of PSO and LSTM are 57.37 and 1.97, respectively. For PSO-LSTM, the maximum relative errors of Model A and Model B in the inverse results are 2.05% and 2.09%, and the maximum standard deviations of Model A and Model B in the inverse results are 1.23 and 3.87, respectively. The test results of Model A show that the inversion performance of PSO-LSTM is better than those of LSTM and PSO, and the performance of the network can be improved after PSO is used to optimize the network parameters. The inverse results from Model B show that the PSO-LSTM is robust and can invert the dispersion curves well even after adding noise to the model. Finally, the PSO-LSTM is used to invert the actual data from Wyoming, USA, which demonstrates that the PSO-LSTM can be used for the quantitative interpretation of Rayleigh wave dispersion curves.
Bioinformatics Analysis of miRNAs Targeting TRAF5 in DLBCL Involving in NF-κB Signaling Pathway and Affecting the Apoptosis and Signal Transduction
Authors: Li Chunyao , Huang Lanshan , Wen Yongqin , Yi Muhua , Gao Min
Published: December 2022

Background. Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) is an aggressive B-cell lymphoma with high heterogeneity. There is an unmet need to investigate valid indicators for the diagnosis and therapy of DLBCL. Methods. GEO database was utilized to screen for differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and differential miRNAs in DLBCL tissues. The Gene Ontology (GO) and the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) were applied to analyse DEGs. Then multiple databases were searched for related miRNAs within DLBCL, TNF receptor-associated factor 5 (TRAF5) and NF-kappa B (NF-κB) signaling pathways. The KOBAS database was used to assist in the screening of miRNAs of interest and construct the regulatory network of miRNA-mRNA. Finally, the expression level and diagnostic performance of miRNAs were analyzed with GEO datasets, and DEGs were identified from the GEPIA database. Results. DEGs were significantly concentrated in the NF-κB signaling pathway and cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction, and involved in the process of immune response and protein binding. MiR-15a-5p, miR-147a, miR-192-5p, miR-197-3p, miR-532-5p, and miR-650 were revealed to be targeting TRAF5 and participating in NF-κB signaling pathway and might impact the apoptosis and signal transduction of DLBCL. In the GEPIA database, TRAF5 was significantly overexpressed in DLBCL. The expression of miR-197-3p was upregulated within GEO datasets, while the rest of the miRNAs were downregulated in DLBCL. Conclusions. Subsets of miRNAs may participate in the NF-κB signaling pathway by co-targeting TRAF5 and could be prospective biomarkers exploring the pathogenesis of DLBCL.
Prevalence of Dental Trauma and Their Relationship to Risk Factors among 8–15-Year-Old School Children
Authors: Saikiran Kanamarlapudi Venkata , Gurunathan Deepa , Nuvvula Sivakumar , Jadadoddi Raghavendra Kumar , Kumar Raichurkar Hemanth , Birapu Uday Chowdary
Published: December 2022

Background. Tooth injuries lead to functional, aesthetic, and psychological disorders, accompanied by the great concern of the child, the parents, and the dentist. Aim. (a) To assess the prevalence of traumatic dental injury (TDI) and its relationship to risk variables among 8–15-year-old school children in Mahbubnagar, India. (b) To collect baseline data as there are limited reports of TDI studies in South India to date. Methods. A cross-sectional study was conducted among 6643 children from 78 schools in Mahbubnagar using a multilevel random sampling method. The permanent incisors were examined according to the WHO classification using a standard oral mirror and probe. Individuals with clinical evidence of trauma were asked about the details of the injury event using a structured questionnaire. The chi-square test analyzed the distribution of all measurements in this study with a statistical significance of 0.05. Results. Among the 6643 children from the 78 schools surveyed, 9.3% experienced TDI. TDI occurred in 68% of boys, which was about twice as high in girls at 32%. The most commonly affected teeth were the maxillary central incisors. A higher number of children with an incisal overjet more significant than 3 mm had TDI than the children less than 3 mm, although this difference was not statistically significant. The lip closure incompetence was more common in children with TDI. The most frequent causes of TDI were falls, and the site of occurrence was school. Type I fractures were the most prevalent and most went untreated. Conclusion. The high level of dental trauma and the low percentage of children with trauma seeking treatment emphasize the need for greater awareness among the Mahbubnagar children.
Two Logarithmically Improved Regularity Criteria for the 3D Nematic Liquid Crystal Flows
Authors: Wang Ruirui , Mu Qiang , Wang Yulei , Li Qiang
Published: December 2022

In this paper, we study the regularity criterion for the local smooth solution of the 3D nematic liquid crystal flows. More precisely, it is proved the smooth solution (u, d) can be extended beyond T provided that or .
Dynamic Pricing and Logistics Service Decisions for Crowd Logistics Platforms with Social Delivery Capacity
Authors: Wu Daqing , Cheng Junyang
Published: December 2022

With the development of sharing economy, more and more enterprises choose crowd logistics for distribution. Because the crowd logistics platform uses social freelancers, the service quality is difficult to guarantee. Considering the reward-penalty mechanism, dynamic differential game models are constructed to study the optimal pricing and quality of crowd logistics services under stochastic demand based on the optimal control theory and Pontryagin maximum principle. The numerical simulation results show that the optimal dynamic decisions change with the fluctuation of demand dynamically. Furthermore, the platform needs to adjust the value of the reward-penalty factor to ensure the level of service quality and revenue in different situations.
Patching of the Inferior Vena Cava Following Lateral Venorrhaphy in Penetrating Traumatic Injury
Authors: Keating Jane , Wade Jason , Dukleska Katerina , Healy James , Aitchinson Elizabeth , Gates Jonathan
Published: December 2022

Penetrating injury to the inferior vena cava (IVC) is associated with high morbidity and mortality. Luminal narrowing can occur following lateral venorrhaphy and can lead to future morbidity. This case report discusses the success of patch repair following lateral venorrhaphy in two trauma patients. We describe the use of patch repair to eliminate stenosis of the IVC resulting from primary repair in the setting of traumatic injury. Furthermore, trauma patients are known to be at high risk for venous thromboembolism, and we describe the use of low molecular weight heparin as chemical prophylaxis for prevention of this complication following patch repair.
DIA‐PRM Proteomic Analysis of Phlegm‐Dampness Constitution with Glucolipid Metabolic Disorders by the Intervention of Hua Tan Qu Shi Recipe
Authors: Li Yuanyuan , Ma Jiayi , Sun Shuxian , Li Lingru , Song Huirong , Xia Jing , Li Houqin , Hu Dandan , Ni Cheng
Published: December 2022

Background. Phlegm‐dampness constitution as one of nine constitutions in traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) has been a high risk factor for glucolipid metabolic disorders (GLMD). Based on our previous findings, Hua Tan Qu Shi recipe (HTQSR) could effectively improve metabolic indicators of GLMD by targeting on phlegm‐dampness constitution. However, the proteomic mechanisms of GLMD with the treatment of HTQSR targeting on phlegm‐dampness constitution remain unknown. Methods. Clinical participants from phlegm‐dampness constitution with the prediabetic state (T), phlegm‐dampness constitution with marginally elevated blood lipids (Z), and phlegm‐dampness constitution before sickness (W) were included in this study, who orally took HTQSR for 12 weeks and, respectively, marked AT, AZ, and AW. Data‐independent acquisition (DIA) and parallel reaction monitoring (PRM) were performed to identify the differential proteins; then, Venn analysis was used to investigate coexpressed and coregulated proteins. In addition, ingenuity pathway analysis (IPA) software was utilized to explore the related pathways and diseases and biofunctions. Results. LXR/RXR activation, acute phase response signaling, and production of nitric oxide and reactive oxygen species in macrophages were obviously activated between the T and AT groups, as well as the Z and AZ groups. In contrast, these three pathways were inhibited between the W and AW groups. Importantly, one coexpressed and coregulated differential protein, B2MG, was validated by PRM among all groups. Conclusions. This work firstly reported the underlying proteomic mechanisms of GLMD with the treatment of HTQSR targeting on phlegm‐dampness constitution, indicating that intervention of phlegm‐dampness constitution might be a novel strategy for the preventive treatment of GLMD.
Graves’ Disease Presenting as a Unilateral Breast Mass
Authors: Akhavan Neeka N. , Maska Edlira
Published: December 2022

Introduction. Graves’ disease is an autoimmune thyroid disorder that is the most common cause of hyperthyroidism. Common manifestations of Graves’ disease include weight loss, palpitations, heat intolerance, fatigue, tremors, and exophthalmos, occurring in more than 50% of patients. In rare cases, findings may predominate in one organ system; isolated findings of diarrhea, anxiety, or gynecomastia (as in our case) may occur, distracting from the correct diagnosis. Case Report. We report on a 37-year-old male who presented to the primary care clinic with the chief complaint of a tender right-sided breast mass and with an associated loss of appetite and forty-pound weight loss. Laboratory evaluation revealed suppressed TSH and elevated free T4. A bilateral diagnostic mammogram revealed bilateral gynecomastia. A nuclear medicine thyroid uptake scan was subsequently ordered, which showed the diffusely enlarged thyroid gland with homogenous increased uptake throughout, consistent with Graves’ disease. Conclusion. It is important to keep a high index of suspicion for thyroid disease as hyperthyroid states may be deceiving in presenting with single organ system involvement. Although it is rare, gynecomastia is a known finding in Graves’ disease and can be the presenting sign. Patients with unexplained gynecomastia or breast masses should be screened for thyrotoxicosis.
Trajectory Optimization for High-Speed and Long-Range Interceptor Based on Improved Adaptive hp Pseudospectral Method
Authors: Luo Changxin , Zhou Chijun , Li Jiong , Lei Humin
Published: December 2022

The trajectory optimization design of interceptor is very important in the defense combat against a class of high-speed and strong-maneuvering aircraft. At present, an important idea is to use hp pseudospectral method to offline optimizes the trajectory of interceptor, but the solving efficiency of this method needs to be further improved. Aiming at this issue, an improved adaptive hp pseudospectral method is proposed in this paper. In order to shorten the solving time of the algorithm, the proposed method has two main improvements on the basis of the traditional hp pseudospectral method: on one hand, by judging the positions of the control sudden change points, prerefine the mesh around them according to certain rules. On the other hand, the curvature of the system state curve is used as the criterion to segment the original mesh nonuniformly so that more mesh points can be allocated where the curvature is large. These two points together ensure that the collocation point resources can be used more efficiently in the mesh refinement process. The simulation results show that the proposed method can solve the optimized trajectory of interceptor effectively, and it also proves that this method has higher solving efficiency than the traditional adaptive hp method.
Effect of the Wall‐Back Inclination Angle on the Inertial Loading Distribution along Gravity‐Retaining Walls: An Experimental Study on the Shaking Table Test
Authors: Ma Shuzhi , Jia Hongbiao , Liu Xiaolang
Published: December 2022

The gravity‐retaining wall is a common retaining structure in geotechnical engineering. The inertial load acting on the retaining wall itself (the horizontal seismic action) under earthquake conditions is one of the major loadings to be elaborately considered for the design of gravity‐retaining walls. The horizontal seismic action of the retaining walls under seismic loading is dominated by the combination of the mass distribution of the wall body and the acceleration distribution along wall height. The mass distribution can be calculated by the wall geometry and density of the wall body. By contrast, due to the whipping effect, horizontal seismic acceleration along wall height often shows obvious amplification in relation to ground acceleration. Such a distribution of acceleration amplification is of great importance to comprehend the safe design of retaining walls. Nonvertical retaining walls, such as inclined and reclined retaining walls, are often used in practical engineering, and their dynamic responses under seismic actions will be different from those of vertical walls. This paper focused on the examination of the influence of the wall‐back inclination angle of retaining walls on the dynamic acceleration distribution along wall height due to seismic actions. Dynamic responses of vertical, inclined, and reclined gravity retaining walls under various earthquake loads were tested on a shaking table system. Seismic acceleration time‐history curves were recorded under different seismic waves and intensities. The influence of the wall‐back inclination angle of retaining walls on the seismic effect was thus analyzed. The tested results showed that the wall‐back inclination angle of retaining walls has a significant influence on the seismic dynamic response. The amplification coefficients of peak acceleration of the gravity retaining wall follow the order of the reclined type > the vertical type > the inclined type. Based on the experimental results, the amplification coefficient of peak acceleration was statistically analyzed under the commonly used risk level in engineering seismic design. A formula for the calculation of the horizontal earthquake action distribution coefficient along wall height was proposed involving the effect of the wall‐back inclination angle, which might improve the existing calculation method of retaining wall design. The results of this work would guide the earthquake resistance dynamic design of retaining walls.
Inhibition of PFKFB Preserves Intestinal Barrier Function in Sepsis by Inhibiting NLRP3/GSDMD
Authors: Zhang Yongsheng , Liu Yukun , Xie Zhenxing , Liu Qinxin , Zhuang Yangfan , Xie Weiming , Wang Xiang , Gao Wei , Yang Fan , Li Zhanfei , Bai Xiangjun , Wang Yuchang
Published: December 2022

Intestinal barrier dysfunction is associated with the occurrence and development of sepsis. Further, aerobic glycolysis plays an essential role in inflammation and cell death. This study is aimed at investigating the protective effect and mechanism of PFKFB3 inhibition on intestinal barrier dysfunction in sepsis mice. Sepsis mouse models were established by cecal ligation and puncture (CLP) in wild-type mice and Gsdmd-/- mice. The results showed that the expression of 6-phosphofructo-2-kinase/fructose-2,6-biphosphatase 3 (PFKFB3) in the small intestines was significantly upregulated in sepsis. 3-(3-Pyridinyl)-1-(4-pyridinyl)-2-propen-1-one (3PO), the specific inhibitor of PFKFB3, and Gsdmd gene knockout significantly inhibited the inflammatory response and cell death caused by sepsis, thus alleviating intestinal damage and barrier dysfunction. 3PO was also shown to significantly inhibit oxidative stress and NLRP3/caspase-1/GSDMD-dependent cell pyroptosis in the small intestines. The in vitro studies revealed that 3PO reduced NLRP3/caspase-1/GSDMD-dependent cell pyroptosis by inhibiting ROS. Taken together, our results suggest that PFKFB3 is involved in inflammation, oxidative stress, and pyroptosis during sepsis and enhances intestinal damage, which may provide important clues about the potential targets to be exploited in this highly lethal disease.
Sequential Treatment with Activin and Hepatocyte Growth Factor Induces FOXM1 to Promote Colorectal Cancer Liver Metastasis
Authors: Peng Hong , Ye Ting , Deng Lei , Yang Xiaofang , Jiang Zheng , Guo Jinjun
Published: December 2022

Background. Cancer stem cells (CSCs) are involved in liver metastasis in colorectal cancer (CRC). Activin and hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) are important regulators of stem cell properties. This study was performed to explore the effect of activin and HGF on CRC invasion and metastasis. The key genes involved in the action of activin and HGF in CRC were identified. Methods. HCT116 CRC cells were sequentially treated with activin and HGF and examined for migration and invasion in vitro and liver metastasis in vivo. RNA sequencing was performed to identify differentially expressed genes in response to activin and HGF. Results. Sequential treatment with activin and HGF-enhanced CRC cell migration, invasion, and metastasis. CXCR4 and AFP expressions were increased by activin and HGF treatment. Knockdown of FOXM1 blocked liver metastasis from HCT116 cells pretreated with activin and HGF and suppressed CXCR4 and AFP expression. Activin alone increased the mRNA and protein expression of FOXM1. In contrast, HGF alone enhanced the phosphorylation of FOXM1, without altering the total protein level of FOXM1. SMAD2 was required for activin-mediated FOXM1 induction. FOXM1 transactivated CXCR4 by directly binding to the promoter of CXCR4. Additionally, CXCR4 regulated AFP expression through the NF-κB pathway. Conclusions. Sequential treatment with activin and HGF accelerates CRC invasion and liver metastasis, which involves the upregulation and activation of FOXM1 and induction of CXCR4 and AFP.
Flexural Reinforcement of Over-Reinforced Beam by Ultrahigh Performance Concrete Layer
Authors: Song Yang , Yao Shuwen , Liu Long
Published: December 2022

In order to improve the failure state of over-reinforced beams and enhance their ductility, an innovative reinforcement method was proposed by adding an ultrahigh performance concrete (UHPC) layer on the top surface of the over-reinforced beam to take advantage of the high compressive strength of UHPC. The numerical simulation method was used to carry out the research. The validity of the finite element model was verified by comparing it with the experimental results, and the effectiveness of the new reinforcement method was verified by comparing it with the calculation results after adding the UHPC layer. Then, a detailed parameter study was carried out, including the thickness of the UHPC layer, the cross-section area of longitudinal tension rebar, and concrete strength. The load-deflection curve, flexural bearing capacity, and deflection ductility coefficient were studied. The results show that the bearing capacity of the UHPC-reinforced over-reinforced beams is significantly increased by 88.1%. And the stiffness and ductility of the beams are also significantly increased, with the ductility coefficient reaching 23.85. In addition, flexural bearing capacity increases with the thickness of the UHPC layer and sectional area of longitudinal tension rebar. Finally, a prediction model for the flexural bearing capacity of UHPC layer-reinforced over-reinforced beams is proposed, which further verifies the effectiveness of this method.
Energy Consumption Optimization of Inland Sea Ships Based on Operation Data and Ensemble Learning
Authors: Gao Jianjie , Chi Mingli , Hu Zhihui
Published: December 2022

Global warming, environmental pollution, and the soaring cost of energy consumption for ships have drawn the attention of the International Maritime Organization and the shipping industry. By reducing the energy consumption of ships, the greenhouse gas emissions and operating costs of ships can be effectively reduced simultaneously. However, current research on the ship energy consumption optimization based on operating mode is mainly focused on route and speed optimization and less on trim optimization, but ship trim is also an important factor affecting energy consumption. Therefore, this study proposed a ship trim optimization method based on operational data and ensemble learning to achieve energy savings and emission reductions for inland sea ships. First, data processing and feature selection of operational data from an inland ro-ro passenger ship were undertaken. Second, the energy consumption prediction models were established based on ensemble learning. Finally, the trim optimization model was developed by combining the energy consumption model with the best prediction performance and enumeration method. Experimental results show that compared with linear regression, neural networks, and support vector machines, ensemble learning methods have better prediction performance in energy consumption modeling, and the extra tree (ET) model has the best prediction performance. With the trim optimization, the energy consumption and carbon emissions of a ro-ro passenger ship can be reduced by 1.4641%, which is conducive to the green and low-carbon navigation of ships.
Luteolin Isolated from Polygonum cuspidatum Is a Potential Compound against Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma
Authors: Xiong Yu , Zhong Wenliang , Liu Jie , Cheng Bo , Fan Jingying , Zhou Fangliang , He Lan , Tian Daofa , He Yingchun
Published: December 2022

Introduction. To reveal the mechanisms by which luteolin, the major bioactive component of the Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) Polygonum cuspidatum, inhibits proliferation and promotes apoptosis in nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) CNE2 cells. Methods. Based on the Traditional Chinese Medicine Systems Pharmacology Database and Analysis Platform (TCMSP), bioactive compounds of P. cuspidatum, potential target genes and NPC disease targets of TCMSP were screened, relationship networks were constructed using these potential targets of NPC, and Gene Ontology (GO) analysis and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway analyses were performed. The predicted compounds, targets and pathways were corroborated using in vitro experiments, such as MTT, Cytation™ 5 real‐time cell monitoring, cell cycle detection, Annexin V‐FITC/PI double staining, Hoechst 33342 staining, and mitochondrial membrane potential (ΔΨm) detection. Results. The results showed that 10 bioactive compounds (OB ≥30% and DL ≥0.18), 157 potential target genes from P. cuspidatum, and 56 common targets related to NPC were found. These included important bioactive compounds such as luteolin, quercetin, and beta‐sitosterol. Key common targets included EGFR, MYC, AKT1, CASP3, CCND1, ERBB2, and common targets were enriched for the PI3K‐AKT, JAK/STAT, MAPK, and C‐type lectin receptor signaling pathways. The binding energy of luteolin for six common targets was less than ‐5.0 kcal·mol-1. After luteolin (20 μM, and 40 μM) treatment to CNE2 cells for 36 h, cell survival rates decreased, accompanied by cell morphology changes, inhibition of the cell cycle at G2/M phase, and an induction of apoptosis. The expression of the cell proliferation related protein PCNA, the antiapoptosis protein XIAP, and the PI3K‐AKT pathway diagram related proteins p‐ERK1/2, ERK1/2, AKT, and PI3K, all decreased. Conclusion. Luteolin derived from P. cuspidatum inhibited the proliferation of NPC CNE2 cells and promoted cell apoptosis through the PI3K‐AKT signal pathway.