bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Incidence, Predictors, and Clinical Impact of Early Prasugrel Cessation in Patients With ST‐Elevation Myocardial Infarction
Authors: Koskinas Konstantinos C. , Zanchin Thomas , Klingenberg Roland , Gencer Baris , Temperli Fabrice , Baumbach Andreas , Roffi Marco , Moschovitis Aris , Muller Oliver , Tüller David , Stortecky Stefan , Mach Francois , Lüscher Thomas F. , Matter Christian M. , Pilgrim Thomas , Heg Dik , Windecker Stephan , Räber Lorenz
Published: April 2018

Background

Early withdrawal of recommended antiplatelet treatment with clopidogrel adversely affects prognosis following percutaneous coronary interventions. Optimal antiplatelet treatment is essential following
ST
‐segment elevation myocardial infarction (
STEMI
) given the increased risk of thrombotic complications. This study assessed the frequency, predictors, and clinical impact of early prasugrel cessation in patients with
STEMI
undergoing primary percutaneous coronary interventions.

Methods and Results

We pooled patients with
STEMI
discharged on prasugrel in 2 prospective registries (Bern
PCI
Registry [
NCT
02241291] and
SPUM
‐
ACS
(Inflammation and Acute Coronary Syndromes) [
NCT
01000701]) and 1
STEMI
trial (
COMFORTABLE
‐
AMI
(Comparison of Biomatrix Versus Gazelle in ST‐Elevation Myocardial Infarction) [
NCT
00962416]). Prasugrel treatment status at 1 year was categorized as no cessation; crossover to another P2Y
12
‐inhibitor; physician‐recommended discontinuation; and disruption because of bleeding, side effects, or patient noncompliance. In time‐dependent analyses, we assessed the impact of prasugrel cessation on the primary end point, a composite of cardiac death, myocardial infarction, and stroke. Of all 1830 included patients (17% women, mean age 59 years), 83% were treated with new‐generation drug‐eluting stents. At 1 year, any prasugrel cessation had occurred in 13.8% of patients including crossover (7.2%), discontinuation (3.7%), and disruption (2.9%). Independent predictors of any prasugrel cessation included female sex, age, and history of cerebrovascular event. The primary end point occurred in 5.2% of patients and was more frequent following disruption (hazard ratio 3.04, 95% confidence interval,1.34–6.91;
P
=0.008), without significant impact of crossover or discontinuation. Consistent findings were observed for all‐cause death, myocardial infarction, and stent thrombosis following prasugrel disruption.

Conclusions

In this contemporary study of patients with
STEMI
, early prasugrel cessation was not uncommon and primarily involved change to another P2Y
12
‐inhibitor. Disruption was the only type of early prasugrel cessation associated with statistically significant excess in ischemic risk within 1 year following primary percutaneous coronary interventions.
KÜLTÜREL DEĞERLERİN ÖRGÜTSEL ADALET ALGISINA ETKİSİ: OTEL ÇALIŞANLARI ÖRNEĞİ
Authors: ERTAŞ Çağdaş , UNUR Kamil
Published: April 2018

Bu araştırmanın temel amacı, otel çalışanlarının
kültürel değerleriyle (güç mesafesi, çoğulculuk, erillik, belirsizlikten
kaçınma, uzun dönem odaklılık) örgütsel adalet algısı (işlem adaleti, dağıtım
adaleti) arasındaki ilişkiyi inceleyerek, turizm ve davranış psikolojisi
yazınına katkıda bulunmaktır. Araştırmanın evreni; İstanbul, Ankara, İzmir ve
Antalya’da tüm yıl faaliyet gösteren 5 yıldızlı otellerde yönetici pozisyonu
dışındaki çalışanlardır. Anket yoluyla 481 katılımcıdan elde edilen verilerin
analizi için frekans dağılımları, faktör analizi ve basit doğrusal regresyon
analizi kullanılmıştır. Basit doğrusal regresyon analizi sonucunda, kültürel
değer boyutlarının örgütsel adalet boyutlarını anlamlı şekilde etkilediği
tespit edilmiştir. Nitekim iki değişken arasındaki ilişki, bu bulgunun teoriyle
örtüştüğünü göstermektedir. Ancak güç mesafesinin dağıtım adaletini, erilliğin
ise dağıtım ve işlem adaletini etkilemediği tespit edilmiştir. Bu araştırmanın
bu yönde öncü araştırmalardan biri olması, söz konusu etkiye dönük sağlıklı
yorumların yapılmasını engellemektedir. Dolayısıyla, ileride konuyla ilgili
araştırmalar yapılması, resmin bütününü görmek açısından fayda sağlayacaktır.
İSTATİSTİKSEL KALİTE KONTROL TEKNİKLERİ İLE OTOMOTİV SEKTÖRÜNDE BİR UYGULAMA
Authors: AYDIN Z. Berna , ARIKAN KARGI V. Sinem
Published: April 2018

Yoğun rekabetin yaşandığı günümüz koşullarında, firmaların
kaliteli ürünler üretmesi ve üretimlerini tüketicinin istekleri doğrultusunda
plânlaması önemlidir.  Firmaların,
günümüz rekabet ortamında varlığını sürdürebilmesi için kendilerini sürekli
geliştirmesi ve ürün kalitesini sürekli iyileştirmesi zorunludur. Ürün
kalitesinin iyileştirilmesi, uluslararası standartlara uygunluğu, üretilen
ürünlerin kalite düzeylerinin araştırılması istatistiksel kalite kontrol
teknikleri yardımıyla yapılır. Bir sürecin kontrol altında olup olmadığı
kontrol grafikleri yardımıyla belirlenir. Süreç yeterliliğinin ölçülmesinde de,
Cp ve Cpk süreç indeksleri hesaplanılarak sürecin
yeterliliği belirlenir.

Çalışmamız Bursa ilinde otomotiv sektöründe yer alan bir fabrikada
üretilen otomobillerin ön kapı dinamik kapanma hız ölçümlerinin istatistiksel
olarak kontrol altında olup olmadığı X ortalama ve S kontrol grafikleri ile belirlenmeye
çalışılmıştır. Bu amaçla 2017 yılı ocak ayına ait ön kapı kapanma hız
ölçümlerine ilişkin veriler, SPSS 17 paket programı yardımıyla sürecin kontrol
altında olup olmadığı incelenerek,  süreç
ve makine yeterlilik indeksleri hesaplanmıştır. Çalışmanın sonucunda,  sürecin kontrol altında ve yeterli olduğu
görülmüştür. Sürecin makine yeterlilik indeksi hesaplandığında,
sol ön kapanma hızı yeterli iken, sağ ön kapanma hızlarına ilişkin değerlerin
yetersiz olduğu görülmüştür.
HEMŞİRELERİN İŞ YAŞAM KALİTESİ, İŞ MOTİVASYONU VE YAŞAM TATMİNİ ALGILARI ARASINDAKİ İLİŞKİLERİN İNCELENMESİ
Authors: ŞANTAŞ Fatih , IŞIK Oğuz , ÇİLHOROZ Yasin
Published: April 2018

Bu araştırma hemşirelerde iş yaşam
kalitesi, iş motivasyonu ve yaşam tatmini arasındaki ilişkilerin incelenmesi
amacıyla gerçekleştirilmiştir. Araştırmanın evrenini, Ankara’da faaliyet
gösteren bir üniversite hastanesinde Ağustos 2016-Eylül 2016 tarihleri arasında
fiili olarak çalışan hemşireler oluşturmaktadır. Araştırmada örneklem
seçilmeyip evrenin tamamına ulaşılmaya çalışılmış ve 450 çalışandan 275’ine
ulaşılmıştır. Çalışmada iş yaşam kalitesi algısı Çiçek (2005) tarafından, işe motivasyon
düzeyi Gagné ve arkadaşları (2010) tarafından ve yaşam tatmininin ölçümünde
ise, Diener ve arkadaşları (1985) tarafından geliştirilen ölçekler
kullanılmıştır. Çalışmada yapılan analizler, iş
yaşam kalitesinin iş motivasyonu ve yaşam tatminini ve iş motivasyonunun ise
yaşam tatminini anlamlı ve pozitif olarak etkilediğini göstermektedir.
Distributed Newton Methods for Deep Neural Networks
Authors: Wang Chien-Chih , Tan Kent Loong , Chen Chun-Ting , Lin Yu-Hsiang , Keerthi S. Sathiya , Mahajan Dhruv , Sundararajan S. , Lin Chih-Jen
Published: April 2018

Deep learning involves a difficult nonconvex optimization problem with a large number of weights between any two adjacent layers of a deep structure. To handle large data sets or complicated networks, distributed training is needed, but the calculation of function, gradient, and Hessian is expensive. In particular, the communication and the synchronization cost may become a bottleneck. In this letter, we focus on situations where the model is distributedly stored and propose a novel distributed Newton method for training deep neural networks. By variable and feature-wise data partitions and some careful designs, we are able to explicitly use the Jacobian matrix for matrix-vector products in the Newton method. Some techniques are incorporated to reduce the running time as well as memory consumption. First, to reduce the communication cost, we propose a diagonalization method such that an approximate Newton direction can be obtained without communication between machines. Second, we consider subsampled Gauss-Newton matrices for reducing the running time as well as the communication cost. Third, to reduce the synchronization cost, we terminate the process of finding an approximate Newton direction even though some nodes have not finished their tasks. Details of some implementation issues in distributed environments are thoroughly investigated. Experiments demonstrate that the proposed method is effective for the distributed training of deep neural networks. Compared with stochastic gradient methods, it is more robust and may give better test accuracy.
The Interpretation of the Sacrament of the Eucharist as Palingenesis According to Foix-Candale
Authors: Moreschini Claudio
Published: April 2018

By means of a dialogue between Hermes, also known as Mercury, and his son Tat, the thirteenth treatise of the Corpus Hermeticum explains how Hermes learned from God what is meant by “palingenesis,” usually translated as “rebirth,” and how, in the aftermath of this explanation, Tat’s soul was transformed. In his lengthy commentary on this treatise, the sixteenth-century Christian Hermetist François Foix-Candale interprets the Hermetic palingenesis as a foreshadowing of the Christian doctrine of rebirth by means of the sacrament of the Eucharist, and explains how this sacrament, which at the time had been rejected by the Lutherans among others, may contain the transformation of the body of Christ and the regeneration of those partaking of it through Communion.
Achnanthidium palmeti (Bacillariophyta, Achnanthidiaceae), a new freshwater species from Réunion Island
Authors: GASSIOLE GILLES , COHU RENÉ LE , COSTE MICHEL
Published: April 2018

Recent survey of the epilithic diatoms in the running waters of Réunion Island led to the discovery of a new species of Achnanthidium. Achnanthidium palmeti sp. nov. belongs to the group of Achnanthidium taxa with terminal raphe fissures curved to the same side of the valve. The new species differs from other taxa in this group by a higher stria density and the areolae morphology along the axial area; moreover, apart from Achnanthidium latecephalum H. Kobayasi, A. palmeti sp. nov. is the only species having raphe vestiges. The new species was found in oligotrophic waters with very low conductivity and circumneutral pH.
Campyloneurum poloense (Polypodiaceae), a new combination and lectotypification for a Bolivian fern
Authors: Leon Blanca
Published: April 2018

During the revision of the fern genus Campyloneurum Presl (1836: 189) (Polypodiaceae) for Bolivia, a species previously described in Polypodium is recognized in the former, but requiring a new combination, which is done here, in addition to lectotypification and providing an updated description.
Brassica trichocarpa (Brassicaceae), a new species from Sicily
Authors: BRULLO CRISTIAN , BRULLO SALVATORE , GALDO GIANPIETRO GIUSSO DEL , ILARDI VINCENZO
Published: April 2018

A new species of Brassica from Sicily, namely B. trichocarpa, is described and illustrated. This suffrutex was found on a calcareous peak of a mount near Palermo, where it is represented by a single population occupying a really small surface. It is well differentiated from the other perennial species belonging to B. sect. Brassica mainly in having hairy ovary and very short, thickened, hairy, not torulose fruits. Its relationships and taxonomical position within this group are examined too. An analytical key of the current taxa belonging to the genus Brassica sect. Brassica is also provided.
Two new Peperomia (Piperaceae) species from Southern Bahia, Brazil
Authors: MONTEIRO DANIELE , LEITMAN PAULA , COELHO MACIELLE M.
Published: April 2018

Two new species of Peperomia of mountain forests from southern Bahia state, P. epipremnifolia and P. sulbahiensis, are described and illustrated. Information on their conservation status, habitat, distribution, phenology, and comments on how to differentiate them from closely related taxa is presented. In addition, an identification key to the species of Peperomia from southern Bahia mountain forests is given.
Measuring affective well-being at work using short-form scales: Implications for affective structures and participant instructions
Authors: Russell Emma , Daniels Kevin
Published: April 2018

Measuring affective well-being in organizational studies has become increasingly widespread, given its association with key work-performance and other markers of organizational functioning. As such, researchers and policy-makers need to be confident that well-being measures are valid, reliable and robust. To reduce the burden on participants in applied settings, short-form measures of affective well-being are proving popular. However, these scales are seldom validated as standalone, comprehensive measures in their own right. In this article, we used a short-form measure of affective well-being with 10 items: the Daniels five-factor measure of affective well-being (D-FAW). In Study 1, across six applied sample groups ( N = 2624), we found that the factor structure of the short-form D-FAW is robust when issued as a standalone measure, and that it should be scored differently depending on the participant instruction used. When participant instructions focus on now or today, then affect is best represented by five discrete emotion factors. When participant instructions focus on the past week, then affect is best represented by two or three mood-based factors. In Study 2 ( N = 39), we found good construct convergent validity of short-form D-FAW with another widely used scale (PANAS). Implications for the measurement and structure of affect are discussed.
Politicization and political contests in and around contemporary multinational corporations: An introduction
Authors: Clegg Stewart , Geppert Mike , Hollinshead Graham
Published: April 2018

This article looks at core arguments in international business, organization studies and surrounding academic fields that focus on the study of politicization and political contests in and around multinational corporations (MNCs). Two evident streams of debate are identified. Equally evident is that these streams hardly connect. One stream is mainly interested in studying politicization from the outside, whereas the other is mainly interested in politicization from within. As a way of connecting both streams, we introduce the circuits of power framework. Next, we introduce the contributions of our Special Issue, followed by concluding comments which distinguish five emergent themes. First, we show how the application of the circuits of power framework sheds new light on the study of political contests of MNCs. Second, we highlight that the role of nation states has not lost its significance as, for example, political corporate social responsibility (CSR) approaches would have us believe. Third, dominant ideologies play an important role in establishing and controlling circuits of power in and around MNCs. Fourth, it is vital to take labour issues into account in this field of study. Fifth, there is increasing evidence that asymmetric and hierarchical forms of organizing do not disappear in new MNC network forms.
Writing the village, becoming the nation: The work of Manoj Das
Authors: Ratti Manav
Published: April 2018

Manoj Das is a leading senior writer within Indian literature, with his novels, short stories, and poems centring on village and rural life, mingling realism and everyday experiences with elements of mystery, mysticism, and the supernatural as he explores the vicissitudes and aspirations of the human condition. As he describes here, Das has been “greatly influenced” by the transition and transformation of India from colonialism to postcolonialism. His writings — with dramatic suspense, magical realism, and a style that with a minimal touch can convey nuances of character, motivation, and emotion — evocatively capture some of the most distinctive aspects of Indian culture, spirituality, arts, and history. His work has been compared with other famed Indian authors, particularly those writing in English (Mulk Raj Anand, R. K. Narayan, Raja Rao). In this interview, Das reflects on his life work, including the role of translation (in an Indian context of “transcreation”). Das also shares his candid views on the poetics and politics of “regional language literature” (RLL) and “Indian writing in English” (IWE), an opposition relevant to postcolonial studies in the context of the (national and international) distribution and reception of literature and the wider politics of language. Conducted in the southern Indian city of Puducherry, home to the Sri Aurobindo Ashram, this interview presents the influence of philosopher and guru Sri Aurobindo on Das and his work, including Das’s most recent scholarship on Sri Aurobindo. Das also discusses the influences on him by the well-known Indian writers Bankim Chandra Chatterjee, Fakir Mohan Senapati, and Rabindranath Tagore. This is the first interview with Das published outside of India and in the West.
The Cultural Imaginary of “Middle Society” in Early Republican Shanghai
Authors: Mao Peijie
Published: April 2018

This article explores the cultural imaginary of “middle society” in China through popular writings of the early twentieth century. It pays particular attention to popular print media in early Republican Shanghai, which played a central role in constructing a middle-class cultural identity by offering new sources for imagination and for the configuration of urban modernity. I suggest that the popular imagination of the Chinese middle class can be traced back to the discourse of “middle society,” “utopian stories,” and “industrial fiction” in the 1910s and 1920s. This imaginary of middle society was defined and supported by a broad range of cultural expressions in popular media. It revealed both the social anxiety and tensions brought about by the socioeconomic transformations in early twentieth-century China and the middle-class “cultural dreams” of Chinese society and modern life.
A Coin for China? The Monetary Standards Debate at the End of the Qing Dynasty, 1900–1912
Authors: Dean Austin
Published: April 2018

This article examines debates about monetary standards in the final years of the Qing dynasty. As silver depreciated on the world market, Qing statesmen discussed whether to adopt the gold-exchange standard or to stay on the silver standard. These debates took place on a conceptual and practical level: Should and could the Qing dynasty adopt the gold-exchange standard and what were the economic, political, and symbolic implications of doing so? The article contributes to the history of the late Qing dynasty by focusing on the monetary thought of figures more famous for their other roles: Zhang Zhidong, Liang Qichao, and Kang Youwei. It shows how the monetary standards debate had complex links to international finance, conceptions of sovereignty, central-provincial relations, and public finance. The article concludes by demonstrating how these debates continued in the next decades, becoming a central issue in modern Chinese history.
New mesh-type phantoms and their dosimetric applications, including emergencies
Authors: Kim C.H. , Yeom Y.S. , Nguyen T.T. , Han M.C. , Choi C. , Lee H. , Han H. , Shin B. , Lee J-K. , Kim H.S. , Zankl M. , Petoussi-Henss N. , Bolch W.E. , Lee C. , Chung B.S. , Qiu R. , Eckerman K.
Published: April 2018

Committee 2 of the International Commission on Radiological Protection (ICRP) has constructed mesh-type adult reference computational phantoms by converting the voxel-type ICRP Publication 110 adult reference computational phantoms to a high-quality mesh format, and adding those tissues that were below the image resolution of the voxel phantoms and therefore not included in the Publication 110 phantoms. The new mesh phantoms include all the necessary source and target tissues for effective dose calculations, including the 8–40-µm-thick target layers of the alimentary and respiratory tract organs, thereby obviating the need for supplemental organ-specific stylised models (e.g. respiratory airways, alimentary tract organ walls and stem cell layers, lens of the eye, and skin basal layer). To see the impact of the new mesh-type reference phantoms, dose coefficients for some selected external and internal exposures were calculated and compared with the current reference values in ICRP Publications 116 and 133, which were calculated by employing the Publication 110 phantoms and the supplemental stylised models. The new mesh phantoms were also used to calculate dose coefficients for industrial radiography sources near the body, which can be used to estimate the organ doses of the worker who is accidentally exposed by an industrial radiography source; in these calculations, the mesh phantoms were deformed to reflect the size of the worker, and also to evaluate the effect of posture on dose coefficients.
The intracerebral hemorrhage blood transcriptome in humans differs from the ischemic stroke and vascular risk factor control blood transcriptomes
Authors: Stamova Boryana , Ander Bradley P , Jickling Glen , Hamade Farah , Durocher Marc , Zhan Xinhua , Liu Da Zhi , Cheng Xiyuan , Hull Heather , Yee Alan , Ng Kwan , Shroff Natasha , Sharp Frank R
Published: April 2018

Understanding how the blood transcriptome of human intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) differs from ischemic stroke (IS) and matched controls (CTRL) will improve understanding of immune and coagulation pathways in both disorders. This study examined RNA from 99 human whole-blood samples using GeneChip® HTA 2.0 arrays to assess differentially expressed transcripts of alternatively spliced genes between ICH, IS and CTRL. We used a mixed regression model with FDR-corrected p(Dx) < 0.2 and p < 0.005 and |FC| > 1.2 for individual comparisons. For time-dependent analyses, subjects were divided into four time-points: 0(CTRL), <24 h, 24–48 h, >48 h; 489 transcripts were differentially expressed between ICH and CTRL, and 63 between IS and CTRL. ICH had differentially expressed T-cell receptor and CD36 genes, and iNOS, TLR, macrophage, and T-helper pathways. IS had more non-coding RNA. ICH and IS both had angiogenesis, CTLA4 in T lymphocytes, CD28 in T helper cells, NFAT regulation of immune response, and glucocorticoid receptor signaling pathways. Self-organizing maps revealed 4357 transcripts changing expression over time in ICH, and 1136 in IS. Understanding ICH and IS transcriptomes will be useful for biomarker development, treatment and prevention strategies, and for evaluating how well animal models recapitulate human ICH and IS.
Cerebral serotonin transporter measurements with [11C]DASB: A review on acquisition and preprocessing across 21 PET centres
Authors: Nørgaard Martin , Ganz Melanie , Svarer Claus , Feng Ling , Ichise Masanori , Lanzenberger Rupert , Lubberink Mark , Parsey Ramin V , Politis Marios , Rabiner Eugenii A , Slifstein Mark , Sossi Vesna , Suhara Tetsuya , Talbot Peter S , Turkheimer Federico , Strother Stephen C , Knudsen Gitte M
Published: April 2018

Positron Emission Tomography (PET) imaging has become a prominent tool to capture the spatiotemporal distribution of neurotransmitters and receptors in the brain. The outcome of a PET study can, however, potentially be obscured by suboptimal and/or inconsistent choices made in complex processing pipelines required to reach a quantitative estimate of radioligand binding. Variations in subject selection, experimental design, data acquisition, preprocessing, and statistical analysis may lead to different outcomes and neurobiological interpretations. We here review the approaches used in 105 original research articles published by 21 different PET centres, using the tracer [11C]DASB for quantification of cerebral serotonin transporter binding, as an exemplary case. We highlight and quantify the impact of the remarkable variety of ways in which researchers are currently conducting their studies, while implicitly expecting generalizable results across research groups. Our review provides evidence that the foundation for a given choice of a preprocessing pipeline seems to be an overlooked aspect in modern PET neuroscience. Furthermore, we believe that a thorough testing of pipeline performance is necessary to produce reproducible research outcomes, avoiding biased results and allowing for better understanding of human brain function.
Out of the Ivory Tower and into the Play Room
Authors: Kang S. Steve
Published: April 2018

This article seeks to demonstrate how the church can rediscover the task of doing theology for the life of the church. Taking a critical reflection on the bifurcation of theology and the consequential anthropocentric tendencies of theologizing as a point of departure, it proceeds to engage in a constructive theology of being parents as a case study, demonstrating how every theological endeavor should proceed from the Triune God and for the life of God’s household. Then the article explicates how this theocentric theology may be employed to serve Christian families in God’s household.
“No Facts Equals Unconvincing”: Fact and Opinion as Conceptual Tools in High School Students’ Written Arguments
Authors: Imbrenda Jon-Philip
Published: April 2018

In this study, I present a qualitative analysis of 11 writing portfolios drawn from a yearlong instructional program designed to apprentice students into the practices of argumentative writing typical of early-college coursework in the United States. The students’ formal and informal writings were parsed into utterances and coded along two developmental dimensions: reciprocity, or the extent to which each utterance answered to the immediate context in which it was generated; and indexicality, or the extent to which each utterance evidenced modes of reasoning that reflect the conventions of academic argumentation. My analysis found that although students’ writing evidenced a high degree of reciprocity, they frequently employed nonacademic modes of reasoning. Focusing on a subset of utterances, I show how their tacit orientations toward the concepts of fact and opinion limited the extent to which their reasoning satisfied the evidentiary expectations of formal academic discourse. This discovery suggests that students’ development as writers of academic arguments is closely linked to their formal instruction in argumentative writing as well as to their tacit understandings of concepts fundamental to argumentation. Moreover, these findings highlight important distinctions between formal and informal reasoning and how those distinctions may be implicated in both curriculum and instruction.
Growth Into Citizenship: Framework for Conceptualizing Learning in NGO Interventions in Sub-Saharan Africa
Authors: Holma Katariina , Kontinen Tiina , Blanken-Webb Jane
Published: April 2018

This article develops a theoretical framework for analyzing adult learning in projects aiming to strengthen citizenship implemented by nongovernmental organizations, especially in the contexts of sub-Saharan Africa. On the basis of a review of international development research, we suggest that a new framework should address the need for a conceptualization of learning as a gradual process and for capturing the gap between ideal models and everyday experiences of citizenship. We argue, building on John Dewey’s philosophy, for a framework of growth into citizenship, and introduce the notions of learning as reorganization of habits and the method of democracy as an avenue for learning as novel contributions to this field.
Abuse of Rural Elders in Mansoura Districts, Dakahlia, Egypt: Prevalence, Types, Risk Factors, and Lifestyle
Authors: El-Khawaga Ghada , Eladawi Noha , Abdel-Wahab Farida
Published: April 2018

This study was carried out to explore the prevalence of elderly abuse, identify its types, associated risk factors and determine quality of their life in Rural Mansoura districts, Egypt. A cross-section study was conducted on a sample of 272 elders recruited from outpatient clinicsFamily Health Centers in Shawa & Berkin villages from May 1 to September 3, 2016. 200 (73.5%) elders accepted participation. A previously designed and validated questionnaires were used to collect data from participants. 46% of the studied elders were abused. The most frequent forms of abuse were negligence (40%) followed by psychological abuse (30.5%). Abuse was significantly higher among females (56.5%), farmers (67.2%), illiterates (55.5%) and living alone elders (68.5%). Elders with chronic diseases were significantly more abused (54.9%) especially diabetic and hypertensive elders (71.4%). Concerning lifestyle of the studied elders, 21% of them had bad health perception generally. The study showed that dependent elders exposed significantly to higher rates of abuse than independents with highly statistical significant.Logistic regression analysis revealed that being a female and previously working as farmer are 2.5 and 4.6 times more likely to be abused. On the other hand, sharing house with other partner or offspring and absence of chronic diseases are protective predictors against elder abuse. Governmental and NGOS support to elders in rural areas especially females and famers is highly recommended. Health insurance is necessary for health promotion, reduction of chronic disease and or disability to decrease dependency is crucial.
Prior Exposure to Intimate Partner Violence Associated With Less HIV Testing Among Young Women
Authors: Washio Yukiko , Novack Wright Elizabeth , Davis-Vogel Annet , Chittams Jesse , Anagnostopulos Claire , Kilby Linda M. , Teitelman Anne M.
Published: April 2018

Low-income minority women are disproportionately represented among those living with HIV in the United States. They are also at risk for the SAVA (substance abuse, violence, and HIV/AIDS) syndemic issues. Women who have recently given birth are at high risk for substance use and intimate partner violence (IPV), and HIV testing is not routinely administered during the postpartum visit. We explored the relationship between substance use, IPV, and HIV testing among low-income young adult women attending Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants, and Children (WIC), a federally supported nutrition program. A survey assessed substance use, relationships in particular with violence exposure, and HIV testing behavior in the past 6 months among a convenience sample of 100 women aged 18 to 30. The survey was conducted at several WIC offices in an urban setting in the Mid-Atlantic region between June and December 2015. Physical violence was the only IPV variable significantly associated ( p = .022) with not being tested for HIV in the past 6 months, remaining significant even after adjusting for demographic and other significant variables (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] = 0.02; 95% confidence interval [CI] = [0.00, 0.41]). Women exposed to physical IPV or psychological IPV in the past year were significantly more likely to have ever used an illicit drug (physical IPV: 34% vs. 59%, p = .052; psychological IPV: 22% vs. 53%. p = .002). These findings between physical IPV and HIV testing history highlight the need to further understand how the context of violence affects HIV testing behaviors. Providing convenient, safe, and accessible HIV testing sites in spaces like WIC may increase HIV testing rates overall and specifically among women experiencing IPV.
The Impact of Overweight/Obesity Duration and Physical Activity on Medical Multimorbidity: Examining the WATCH Paradigm
Authors: Dankel Scott J. , Loenneke Jeremy P. , Loprinzi Paul D.
Published: April 2018

Purpose:

The “fat-but-fit” paradigm has been evaluated. However, the duration of overweight/obesity within the “fat-but-fit” paradigm (ie, assessing body mass at more than 1 time point) has not been extensively evaluated, which was this study’s purpose.

Design:

Cross-sectional.

Setting:

National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2003 to 2006.

Participants:

Ages 36 to 85; N = 3621.

Measures:

Physical activity assessed via accelerometry. Medical multimorbidity was assessed via physician diagnosis of 13 chronic diseases. Height and body mass were directly measured for current body mass index (BMI), and 10-year prior BMI was calculated using current height and self-reported weight 10 years prior. Six mutually exclusive groups were created: (1) active, normal weight now and 10 years ago; (2) inactive, normal weight now and 10 years ago; (3) active, overweight/obese now but not 10 years ago; (4) active, overweight/obese now and 10 years ago; (5) inactive, overweight/obese now but not 10 years ago; and (6) inactive, overweight/obese now and 10 years ago.

Analysis:

Logistic regression.

Results:

Compared to group 1, adjusted odds ratios (ORs) were as follows: group 2: OR = 2.0 ( P = .004), group 3: OR = 1.7 ( P = .004), group 4: OR = 2.5 ( P < .001), group 5: OR = 2.9 ( P < .001), and group 6: OR = 4.8 ( P < .001).

Conclusions:

All patterns of weight change/duration and activity level altered the odds of medical multimorbidity, suggesting that the duration of overweight/obesity should also be taken into consideration when assessing the “fat-but-fit” paradigm.
Barriers to cervical screening and interest in self-sampling among women who actively decline screening
Authors: Bennett Kirsty F , Waller Jo , Chorley Amanda J , Ferrer Rebecca A , Haddrell Jessica B , Marlow Laura AV
Published: April 2018

Objectives

Understanding why some women actively decline cervical screening could contribute to tailored intervention development. We explored reasons for non-participation in cervical screening among women who had made an active decision not to attend in the future. We also explored interest in human papillomavirus self-sampling.

Methods

In a population-based survey of women in Great Britain, home-based computer-assisted interviews were carried out with screening eligible women. Women reported their intention to attend for screening when next invited. They endorsed predefined barriers to screening and indicated their interest in human papillomavirus self-sampling.

Results

Women who had actively declined screening and those who intended to go but were currently overdue (n=543) were included in this analysis. Women who had made an active decision not to be screened in the future were more likely to endorse the barriers ‘I have other more important things to worry about’ and to perceive screening to be of low relevance based on their sexual behaviour. Most participants (70%) indicated that they would be interested in human papillomavirus self-sampling. Interest in self-sampling was greater among those who reported having had a bad experience of screening in the past, were too busy or embarrassed to attend, or would not want a man to carry out the test.

Conclusions

Women who had made an active decision not to attend screening felt it was of low relevance to them and that they had more important things to worry about. Shifting the perceived cost–benefit ratio for these women by offering human papillomavirus self-sampling might increase screening participation in this group.
Allopathic Doctors in India
Authors: Zodpey Sanjay , Sharma Anjali , Zahiruddin Quazi Syed , Gaidhane Abhay , Shrikhande Sunanda
Published: April 2018

India is a country of 1.32 billion. The World Health Organization recommends, one doctor to serve 1,000 people, across all levels of care. This implies, we need a total of 1.2 million doctors to serve our population. India plans to establish 200 new medical colleges in the next 10 years to meet a projected shortage of 600,000 doctors. However, the information available on allopathic doctors have largely been fragmented and unreliable. A comprehensive search was undertaken to find out the estimates, norms and projections for allopathic doctors provided by the various health committees and experts in India. The Bhore, Sokhey & Mudaliar Committees, Five-year Planning Commission Reports, MCI Vision 2015 document and High-Level Expert Group (HLEG) report on Universal Health Coverage in have yielded estimates, norms and projections for allopathic doctors. The targeted doctor population ratio of 1:1000 could be achieved by 2027 as per HLEG and by 2031 as per MCI Vision 2015. This study emphasizes the estimates and norms of doctors as reported by the Government and allied agencies need strengthening for comprehensiveness and reliability to report information on the allopathic doctors. An important recommendation for the state professional councils is to maintain a live register of health workers.
Understanding the Need for a Non-invasive Wearable Real-time Database Device for Diabetic Patients
Authors: Ataide Elmer Jeto Gomes , Sinha Rajesh Kumar , Maiya G. Arun
Published: April 2018

Diabetes occurs when the pancreas in the human body does not secrete sufficient insulin. It is a disease that is growing rapidly and affecting many lives. Hence, it needs constant monitoring. Wearable devices are those devices that are present on your person at all times. If the monitoring of this disease could be paired with wearable devices along with enabling real-time documentation in the patients’ medical records, it would benefit both the caregivers and the patients by saving time, money, effort and the amount of work put in by both during the health care process, hence, aiding in the delivery of quality health care. This article deals with identifying the existing wearable devices in detecting diabetes or risk of diabetes non-invasively and further scope of research in the respective area.
Business Cycles in a Three-sector Growth Model with Portfolio Equilibrium between Land, Gold and Capital
Authors: Zhang Wei-Bin
Published: April 2018

This study generalises a growth model proposed by Zhang (2016) through allowing all the time-dependent variables to be time-dependent. Zhang’s model deals with dynamic interdependence between capital accumulation and environmental change, with portfolio equilibrium among land, gold and physical wealth in a multi-sector general equilibrium framework. The model explains the dynamics of prices, rents and distribution of land, gold, physical wealth and environmental change on the basis of micro-economic foundation. This article generalises the model to explain business cycles due to different exogenous shocks. We simulate the motion of the economy and conduct comparative dynamic analysis to demonstrate business cycles due to periodic oscillations in the propensity to use gold, the propensity to consume housing, the propensity to consume industrial goods, the propensity to consume agricultural goods, the propensity to save, and the tax rate on the consumption of industrial goods.

JEL Classification: O41, D41, E32
Role of Geographic Information System in Assessing Determinants of Cardiovascular Disease: An Experience From a Low- and Middle-Income Country
Authors: Valamparampil Mathew Joseph , Mohan Ananth , Jose Chinu , Sadheesan Deepthi Kottassery , Aby Jemin Jose , Vasudevakaimal Prasannakumar , Varghese Sara , Surendrannair Anish Tekkumkara , Ashokan Achu Laila , Madhusoodhanan Resmi Santhakumari , Ilyas Insija Selene , Rajeevan Amjith , Karthikeyan Sreekanth Balakrishnan , Devadhas Krishna Sulochana , Raghunath Rajesh , Surendran Sethulekshmi , Muraleedharanpillai Harikrishnan , Nujum Zinia Thajudeen
Published: April 2018

Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of morbidity and mortality in the world. The determinants of CVD in an urban population using conventional and geographic information system techniques were attempted as a community-based census-type cross-sectional study in Kerala, India, among 1649 individuals residing in 452 households. Sociodemographic details, risk factor exposures, and self-reported disease prevalence were determined. Location of houses, wells from which subjects drew drinking water, and distances of the house from the outer road (proxy for air pollution) were mapped using differential global positioning system and pH of water samples determined. Prevalence of CVD was 5.8%. Significant predictors of CVD were male gender, diabetes mellitus, hypertension, and hypothyroidism. Statistically significant spatial association was found between CVD and groundwater pH. Geographic information system technology is useful in identification of spatial clustering and disease hotspots for designing preventive strategies targeting CVD.
Industrial policy for renewable energy: The innovation impact of European policy instruments and their interactions
Authors: Pitelis Alkis Theonas
Published: April 2018

This paper examines the impact of renewable energy policies as well as three renewable energy policy instruments (demand pull, technology push and systemic) and their interactions on renewable energy innovation in 15 European Union member states for the period 1995–2014. We first develop a conceptual framework and hypotheses, and then we test these by employing a unique and comprehensive data set. We find that renewable energy policies as a whole as well as demand pull and technology-push instruments affect renewable energy innovation positively and significantly. The impact of interactions between instruments on renewable energy innovation is also positive and significant, but that of specific pairs of instrument interaction is contingent on the specification used. We discuss reasons for these findings, implications for public policy, as well as limitations and opportunities for further research.
Maxillary Growth in Cleft Lip and Palate Patients, With and Without Vomerine Flap Closure of the Hard Palate at the Time of Lip Repair
Authors: Hay Norman , Patel Brijesh , Haria Priya , Sommerlad Brian
Published: April 2018

Objective:

To assess the midterm effect on maxillary growth of vomerine flap (VF) closure of the hard palate, at the time of lip repair.

Design:

A retrospective analysis of prospectively collected nonrandomized data.

Interventions:

Consecutive participants with a unilateral cleft lip and palate (UCLP) were operated on, at 3 months of age, by the same surgeon. They were divided into 2 groups, those who had a VF and those who did not (non-VF).

Setting:

Participants were treated at 2 hospitals in the United Kingdom.

Participants:

Twenty-eight participants in the VF group and 24 participants in the non-VF group attended follow-up at 10 years of age.

Main Outcome Measures:

Standardized lateral cephalometric radiographs were taken at 10 years. Following tracing and digitization, parameters to assess the maxillary growth were analyzed.

Results:

No statistically significant differences were found in the anterior–posterior or vertical skeletal cephalometric parameters.

Conclusions:

The results of this study support the statement that VF repair does not significantly affect maxillary growth in patients with a UCLP, when assessed cephalometrically at 10 years of age. It should be noted that at this age, growth is not yet complete.
22q11.2 Deletion Syndrome in Colombian Patients With Syndromic Cleft Lip and/or Palate
Authors: Carpeta Suleima , Pineda Tatiana , Martínez Maria Claudia , Osorio Gloria , Porras-Hurtado Gloria Liliana , Rojas Jorge , Zarante Ignacio , Moreno-Niño Olga María
Published: April 2018

The objective of this work was to identify 22q11.2 chromosomal deletion in patients with cleft lip and/or cleft palate and suggestive syndromic phenotype in Colombian patients. We studied 49 patients with cleft lip and/or cleft palate, exhibiting additional clinical findings linked to 22q11.2 deletion syndrome. All patients underwent high-resolution G-banded karyotyping, multiplex ligation-dependent probe amplification, and clinical evaluation by a geneticist. Seven patients presented 22q11.2 deletion and 2 patients had other chromosomal abnormalities. In conclusion, this study contributes with new data for genetic etiology in syndromic conditions of oral fissures.
Critical research on populism: Nine rules of engagement
Authors: De Cleen Benjamin , Glynos Jason , Mondon Aurelien
Published: April 2018

This article formulates precise questions and ‘rules of engagement’ designed to advance our understanding of the role populism can and should play in the present political conjuncture, with potentially significant implications for critical management and organization studies and beyond. Drawing on the work of Ernesto Laclau and others working within the post-Marxist discourse-theory tradition, we defend a concept of populism understood as a form of reason that centres around a claim to represent ‘the people’, discursively constructed as an underdog in opposition to an illegitimate ‘elite’. A formal discursive approach to populism brings with it important advantages. For example, it establishes that a populist logic can be invoked to further very different political goals, from radical left to right, or from progressive to regressive. It sharpens too our grasp of important issues that are otherwise conflated and obfuscated. For instance, it helps us separate out the nativist and populist dimensions in the discourses of the United Kingdom Independence Party (UKIP), Trump or the Front National (FN). Our approach to populism, however, also points to the need to engage with the rhetoric about populism, a largely ignored area of critical research. In approaching populism as a signifier, not only as a concept, we stress the added need to focus on the uses of the term ‘populism’ itself: how it is invoked, by whom and to what purpose and effect. This, we argue, requires that we pay more systematic attention to anti-populism and ‘populist hype’, and reflect upon academia’s own relation to populism and anti-populism.
Some uses of subject-side assessments
Authors: Edwards Derek , Potter Jonathan
Published: April 2018

We focus on assessments in conversation, paying particular attention to a distinction between object-side (O-side) and subject-side (S-side) assessments. O-side assessments are predicated of an object (that it is good, awful, nice, bad, etc.), whereas S-side assessments formulate a disposition of the speaker toward that object (that they like it, love it, hate it, cannot stand it, etc.). Despite looking somewhat interchangeable, logically, these different ways of making assessments serve different interactional functions. In particular, S-side assessments allow for contrasting assessments of the same object by different persons. They are therefore useful in the management and avoidance of conflict and misalignment in the performance of actions such as compliment receipts, avoiding giving offense and disagreeing. We link the analysis to conversation analytic work on assessments and to discursive psychology’s focus on the everyday management of relations between mental states and an external world.
The role of laughter in cognitive-behavioral therapy: Case studies
Authors: Dionigi Alberto , Canestrari Carla
Published: April 2018

This study reports an analysis using the conversation analytical (CA) approach of the use of laughter within a corpus of cognitive therapy sessions. The results relating to eight first encounter sessions reveal that a client’s laughter may accompany disagreement as well as agreement with the therapist. In both cases, the therapist does not reciprocate the client’s laughter and replies by investigating the client in question’s condition, and this approach to the client’s laughter produces significant results in therapeutic work. This article focuses on the asymmetry that characterizes the roles of the psychotherapist and the client in psychotherapy sessions and, in particular, on the part that laughter plays in this type of scenario.