bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Religion in the Folded City: Origami and the Boundaries of the Chronotope
Authors: Weller Robert P. , Wu Keping
Published: July 2023

In this article we rethink the chronotope approach by examining what happened to religious space-times in a Chinese urban development project that completely transformed what had once been five relatively rural townships. What happens to chronotopes when a place is so completely transformed? We focus on multiple chronotopic dimensions in the religious experience of those villagers whose families had long occupied this land, but who now live separated from their old neighbors, without their old livelihoods, having lost their old temples, and surrounded by new migrants who are generally wealthier and better educated. Building on recent anthropological work on chronotopes, coupled with insights taken from Maurice Merleau-Ponty and Gilles Deleuze, this article explores the complex interrelationships and workings of chronotopes through the idea of the fold. This approach reconsiders what the boundaries between chronotopes might look like—not necessarily straight lines that are difficult to cross, but more like the infinite inflections of curves as those curves intersect and interact with each other. Rather than thinking of chronotopes as structured wholes separated by clear boundaries—much as we also tend to think about “states,” “cultures,” or “ontologies”—folding allows us to reconceptualize the kinds of interactions that take place when one space-time touches another. We examine in particular three ways in which folding elucidates how chronotopic boundaries can work: they can make the distant near, separate inside from outside, and complicate the boundary by interdigitating.
Oil Lamps, Spearheads and Skulls: Possible Evidence of Necromancy during Late Antiquity in the Te’omim Cave, Judean Hills
Authors: Klein Eitan , Zissu Boaz
Published: July 2023

The Te’omim Cave is a large karst cave located in the Jerusalem Hills. Since 2009, the cave has been explored by our team as a joint project of the Martin (Szusz) Department of Land of Israel Studies and Archaeology at Bar-Ilan University and the Cave Research Center at the Hebrew University of Jerusalem. Over 120 intact oil lamps were collected in the 2010–2016 survey seasons from all sections of the cave; most of them were dated to the second to fourth centuries CE. All of these lamps had been deliberately inserted in narrow, deep crevices in the main chamber walls or beneath the rubble. Some crevices contained groups of oil lamps mixed with weapons and pottery vessels from earlier periods or placed with human skulls. This article discusses the possibility that the oil lamps, weapons, human skulls, and other artifacts were used as part of necromancy ceremonies that took place in the cave during the Late Roman period, and that the cave may have served as a local oracle (nekyomanteion).
Life-history traits variation of Lutjanus malabaricus (Bloch & Schneider, 1801) in the waters off Northern Vietnam
Authors: Dinh Y. H. T. , Lam N. H. , Lishchenko F. V.
Published: July 2023

Lutjanus malabaricus represents a widely distributed and intensively exploited snapper species. The present article is the first attempt to describe the life-history traits of L. malabaricus in Vietnamese waters and estimate their variability. The fish were collected at the landing sites of Nghe An and Ha Tinh provinces from June 2020 to May 2021. The standard length of fish ranged from 10 to 74 cm, weight varied between 18.53 and 8972.89 g, age ranged from 1 to 17 years and all three parameters were subjected to a significant seasonal variation. A similar seasonal pattern was observed in the variation of maturity and gonadosomatic index. We assume that the observed variation of the stock structure is the result of spawning migrations when large fish migrate inshore from the foraging grounds. Growth and weight gain of fish were described via the von Bertalanffy function, constants of the equations were as follows: L∞ = 76.2, K = −0.077, t0 = −2.26 in males and L∞ = 56.9, K = −0.176, t0 = −0.48 in females; W∞ = 6498, K = −0.100, t0 = −1.96 in males and W∞ = 8317, K = −0.100, t0 = −1.31 in females. The growth constants of the North Vietnamese stock of L. malabaricus are similar to the ones of the North-eastern Australian stock. A general tendency for the reduction of the growth rate and asymptotic size from equatorial waters to higher latitudes was observed.
Formative encounters: Colonial data collection on land and law in German Micronesia
Authors: Echterhölter Anna
Published: July 2023

Argument

Data collections are a hallmark of nineteenth-century administrative knowledge making, and they were by no means confined to Europe. All colonial empires transferred and translated these techniques of serialised and quantified information gathering to their dominions overseas. The colonial situation affected the encounters underlying vital statistics, enquête methods and land surveying. In this paper, two of those data collections will be investigated—a survey on land and a survey on indigenous law, both conducted around 1910 on the Micronesian island of Pohnpei, which had fallen under German colonial influence a decade earlier. Strikingly, there are no enumerators or envoys of the state visiting the doorsteps of Pohnpei. To facilitate the data collection on homesteads, the whole population of the island was called upon to measure their respective plots of land themselves, without resorting to certified land surveyors. The preserved cadastral lists and spreadsheets testify to a rather peculiar contact between the colonizing administration and the colonized peoples. I argue that the production of data made encounters necessary, which are best observed though a methodological focus on data practices. I argue, furthermore, that the Pohnpeians were prompted during the surveys to define their homestead in new terms. This did not only entail new two-dimensional plots but also a new regime of private property. The change in the legal concept can be seen as a continuation of colonial violence by other means, given that it happened in the aftermath of the defeated Pohnpei Rebellion. The argument of the paper is, therefore, that data collection can have formative effects on society, and that measurement and quantified information are often, as Witold Kula argued, a scene of conflict. At its core, the installation of these metric regimes signified a change in patterns of justification, resource management and the unwritten constitution of the Pacific island.
MORAVA K-THEORY AND FILTRATIONS BY POWERS
Authors: Barthel Tobias , Pstrągowski Piotr
Published: July 2023

We prove the convergence of the Adams spectral sequence based on Morava K-theory and relate it to the filtration by powers of the maximal ideal in the Lubin–Tate ring through a Miller square. We use the filtration by powers to construct a spectral sequence relating the homology of the K-local sphere to derived functors of completion and express the latter as cohomology of the Morava stabiliser group. As an application, we compute the zeroth limit at all primes and heights.
The company-microstate: The Auckland Islands and corporate colonialism in global history, 1849-52
Authors: Howitt Rohan
Published: July 2023

The Auckland Islands, a subantarctic archipelago 465 kilometres south of New Zealand, were the setting for one of the stranger episodes in the global history of colonial expansion. From 1849–52, these remote, inhospitable islands were governed and settled by a chartered company. The project was driven by lofty ambitions to simultaneously create a flourishing settler colony and unlock vast new whaling grounds in the Southern Ocean; the reality was a commercial disaster plagued by bitter internal disputes and a speedy abandonment. Drawing on the methods of global microhistory, I argue that the colonization of the Auckland Islands was a pivotal moment in the integration of the Southern Ocean world into global processes of governance, mobility, and trade. This anomalous case contributes to recent scholarship on ‘company-states’ and the central role of such hybrid polities in processes of cross-regional interaction and globalization.
3D-printed wideband reflectarray antennas with mechanical beam-steering
Authors: Massaccesi Andrea , Beccaria Michele , Bertana Valentina , Marasso Simone Luigi , Cocuzza Matteo , Dassano Gianluca , Pirinoli Paola
Published: July 2023

This paper investigates the performance of 3D-printed dielectric reflectarray antennas (RAs) with wideband behavior and beam-steering capabilities. The designed unit cell consists of a single-layer dielectric element perforated with a square hole, whose side is used to control the local variation of the reflection coefficient. The numerical analysis of the unit cell and of first $52\times52$ reflectarray working in Ka-band, whose scanning capabilities are tested just moving the feed along an arc, confirms that the unit cell has a stable behavior with respect to both the frequency and the direction of arrival of the incident field. In view of these promising capabilities, the proposed unit cell is used to design a bifocal reflectarray with the same size and working in the same frequency band of the first one. Its numerical characterization and the measurements of a prototype prove that the RA is able to provide less than 0.8 dB of gain losses over a scanning range of ±40∘ in the vertical plane, while the bandwidth varies between 13.5% and 28%, depending on the pointing direction. The obtained results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed approach and highlight the potential of 3D-printing technology for producing high performance, cost-effective RAs with wideband behavior and excellent beam-steering features.
Sensitivity of Deep Convection and Cross‐Tropopause Water Transport to Microphysical Parameterizations in WRF
Authors: Pandey Apoorva , Lamraoui Fayçal , Smith Jessica B. , Clapp Corey E. , Sayres David S. , Kuang Zhiming
Published: July 2023

Deep convective storms can overshoot the tropopause, thus altering the composition of the stratosphere by vertically transporting tropospheric air. The transport of water vapor and ice particles into a sub‐saturated environment can hydrate the stratosphere, with implications for radiative forcing and ozone chemistry. Cloud‐resolved models, if employed at high spatial resolutions, are used to probe process‐level questions about cross‐tropopause deep convective hydration and its controls. There is considerable diversity in model representations of processes associated with water transport and transformation, and the choice of a microphysics scheme affects model skill in simulating deep convective events. This motivates our evaluation of state‐of‐the‐art, as well as widely used standard schemes, in a high spatial‐ and temporal‐resolution framework. Six bulk microphysics schemes were employed in a WRF‐LES setup, initialized with a sounding profile representative of a tropopause‐overshooting storm. We used an idealized framework to isolate the effect of microphysics on the dominant processes that control the reach of deep convection and stratospheric hydration. All schemes produced the highest reaching updrafts 8–12 hr into the simulation but the strength and persistence of updrafts varied across the schemes; maximum storm heights ranged 9.1–12.6 km across the schemes. Varying microphysics produced large differences in the vertical extent and horizontal aggregation of convection, and an order of magnitude spread in above‐tropopause water vapor concentrations.
Dust Deposition at Zhurong Landing Site From Multispectral Camera Observations
Authors: Zhang Qing , Liu Dawei , Ren Xin , Wang Xing , Guo Lin , Chen Zhaopeng , Liu Bin , Chen Wangli , Yan Wei , Liu Jianjun
Published: July 2023

Dust deposition is one of the most predominant processes occurring on Mars. Until now, just a few in situ observations have been conducted to investigate the Martian dust. The Multispectral Camera (MSCam) onboard the Zhurong rover with its calibration target can be used to monitor dust deposition, providing a new ground observation. In this work, we focused on the observations of the MSCam calibration target to retrieve atmospheric optical depth and dust deposition rate over the first 300 sols. The derived atmospheric optical depths are around 0.44, suggesting relatively low airborne dust. The estimated dust deposition rate reveals a distinctive deposition process compared with that of other rovers or landers. Notably, no evident dust is presented during the initial 110 sols, after which dust starts to accumulate. Combining in situ meteorological measurements and numerical modeling, wind speed could be a critical factor to control the dust deposition rate.
Bipolar disorder-iPSC derived neural progenitor cells exhibit dysregulation of store-operated Ca2+ entry and accelerated differentiation
Authors: Hewitt Tristen , Alural Begüm , Tilak Manali , Wang Jennifer , Becke Natalina , Chartley Ellis , Perreault Melissa , Haggarty Stephen J. , Sheridan Steven D. , Perlis Roy H. , Jones Nina , Mellios Nikolaos , Lalonde Jasmin
Published: July 2023

While most of the efforts to uncover mechanisms contributing to bipolar disorder (BD) focused on phenotypes at the mature neuron stage, little research has considered events that may occur during earlier timepoints of neurodevelopment. Further, although aberrant calcium (Ca2+) signaling has been implicated in the etiology of this condition, the possible contribution of store-operated Ca2+ entry (SOCE) is not well understood. Here, we report Ca2+ and developmental dysregulations related to SOCE in BD patient induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC)-derived neural progenitor cells (BD-NPCs) and cortical-like glutamatergic neurons. First, using a Ca2+ re-addition assay we found that BD-NPCs and neurons had attenuated SOCE. Intrigued by this finding, we then performed RNA-sequencing and uncovered a unique transcriptome profile in BD-NPCs suggesting accelerated neurodifferentiation. Consistent with these results, we measured a slower rate of proliferation, increased neurite outgrowth, and decreased size in neurosphere formations with BD-NPCs. Also, we observed decreased subventricular areas in developing BD cerebral organoids. Finally, BD NPCs demonstrated high expression of the let-7 family while BD neurons had increased miR-34a, both being microRNAs previously implicated in neurodevelopmental deviations and BD etiology. In summary, we present evidence supporting an accelerated transition towards the neuronal stage in BD-NPCs that may be indicative of early pathophysiological features of the disorder.
Inhibition of the localised corrosion of AA2024 in chloride solution by 2-mercaptobenzimidazole and octylphosphonic acid
Authors: Kozlica Dževad K. , Izquierdo Javier , Souto Ricardo M. , Milošev Ingrid
Published: July 2023

The scanning vibrating electrode technique was employed to monitor the in situ localised electrochemical activity on aluminium alloy 2024-T3 at the free corrosion potential in aggressive NaCl solutions with and without corrosion inhibitors 2-mercaptobenzimidazole (MBI) and octylphosphonic acid (OPA). MBI is a very effective inhibitor against pitting corrosion, even in a chloride environment without the reservoir of MBI. In contrast, localised corrosion was observed at several points at the early stage of immersion of AA2024 in NaCl solution containing OPA. Ex situ energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy analysis of the Al2CuMg particle at the cross-section revealed that MBI does not entirely prevent its dissolution but reduces the dissolution rate and the rate of oxygen reduction by forming an insoluble complex compound Cu–MBI on the partially dealloyed AlCu-based particles, i.e., on the porous copper remnants. The MBI’s action is an efficient option for mitigating the corrosion of Cu-based aluminium alloys.
Dynamic functional thalamocortical dysconnectivity in schizophrenia correlates to antipsychotics response
Authors: Yang Mi , Liu Liju , Cui Hongmei , Deng Chijun , Xiong Weisen , Zhao Guocheng , Du Shulin , Kosten Thomas R. , Chen Huafu , Li Zezhi , Zhang Xiangyang
Published: July 2023

Although many studies have showed abnormal thalamocortical networks in patients with schizophrenia (SCZ), the dynamic functional thalamocortical connectivity of individuals with SCZ and the effect of antipsychotics on this connectivity have not been investigated. Drug-naïve first-episode individuals with SCZ and healthy controls were recruited. Patients were treated with risperidone for 12 weeks. Resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging was acquired at baseline and week 12. We identified six functional thalamic subdivisions. The sliding window strategy was used to determine the dynamic functional connectivity (dFC) of each functional thalamic subdivision. Individuals with SCZ displayed decreased or increased dFC variance in different thalamic subdivisions. The baseline dFC between ventral posterior-lateral (VPL) portions and right dorsolateral superior frontal gyrus (rdSFG) correlated with psychotic symptoms. The dFC variance between VPL and right medial orbital superior frontal gyrus (rmoSFG) or rdSFG decreased after 12-week risperidone treatment. The decreased dFC variance between VPL and rmoSFG correlated with the reduction of PANSS scores. Interestingly, the dFC between VPL and rmoSFG or rdSFG decreased in responders. The dFC variance change of VPL and the averaged whole brain signal correlated with the risperidone efficacy. Our study demonstrates abnormal variability in thalamocortical dFC may be implicated in psychopathological symptoms and risperidone response in individuals with schizophrenia, suggesting that thalamocortical dFC variance may be correlated to the efficacy of antipsychotic treatment.

Registration: ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT00435370. https://www.clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT00435370?term=NCT00435370&draw=2&rank=1
UV polymerization fabrication method for polymer composite based optical fiber sensors
Authors: Ahmed Israr , Ali Murad , Elsherif Mohamed , Butt Haider
Published: July 2023

Optical fiber (OF) sensors are critical optical devices with excellent sensing capabilities and the capacity to operate in remote and hostile environments. However, integrating functional materials and micro/nanostructures into the optical fiber systems for specific sensing applications has limitations of compatibility, readiness, poor control, robustness, and cost-effectiveness. Herein, we have demonstrated the fabrication and integration of stimuli-responsive optical fiber probe sensors using a novel, low-cost, and facile 3D printing process. Thermal stimulus–response of thermochromic pigment micro-powders was integrated with optical fibers by incorporating them into ultraviolet-sensitive transparent polymer resins and then printed via a single droplet 3D printing process. Hence, the thermally active polymer composite fibers were grown (additively manufactured) on top of the commercial optical fiber tips. Then, the thermal response was studied within the temperature range of (25–35 °C) and (25–31 °C) for unicolor and dual color pigment powders-based fiber-tip sensors, respectively. The unicolor (with color to colorless transition) and dual color (with color to color transition) powders-based sensors exhibited substantial variations in transmission and reflection spectra by reversibly increasing and decreasing temperatures. The sensitivities were calculated from the transmission spectra where average change in transmission spectra was recorded as 3.5% with every 1 °C for blue, 3% for red and 1% for orange-yellow thermochromic powders based optical fiber tip sensors. Our fabricated sensors are cost-effective, reusable, and flexible in terms of materials and process parameters. Thus, the fabrication process can potentially develop transparent and tunable thermochromic sensors for remote sensing with a much simpler manufacturing process compared to conventional and other 3D printing processes for optical fiber sensors. Moreover, this process can integrate micro/nanostructures as patterns on the optical fiber tips to increase sensitivity. The developed sensors may be employed as remote temperature sensors in biomedical and healthcare applications.
Underwater wireless sensor network-based multihop data transmission using hybrid cat cheetah optimization algorithm
Authors: Vijay M. M. , Sunil J. , Vincy V. G. Anisha Gnana , IjazKhan M. , Abdullaev Sherzod Shukhratovich , Eldin Sayed M. , Govindan Vediyappan , Ahmad Hijaz , Askar Sameh
Published: July 2023

For the conservation and sustainable use of the oceanic environment, monitoring of underwater regions is ineluctable and is effectuated with the aid of an underwater wireless sensor network. It is accoutered with smart equipment, vehicles and sensors and utilized for the transmission of acquired data from the monitoring region and forwarded to the sink nodes (SN) where the data are retrieved. Moreover, data transmission from sensor nodes to SN is complicated by the aquatic environment's inherent complexities. To surpass those issues, the work in this article focusesto propose a Hybrid Cat Cheetah optimization algorithm (HC2OA) that purveys the energy efficient clustering based routing. The network is then partitioned into numerous clusters, each of which is led by a cluster head (CH) and comprised of many sub-clusters (CM). Based on the factors such as distance and residual energy the CH selection is optimized and collects data from the respective CMs and forwarded to the SN with a multi-hop transmission approach. The proposed HC2OA chooses the optimized multi-hop route from the CH to SN. Thus mitigates the complexities over multi-hop routing and CH selection. Simulations are effectuated in the NS2 simulator and analyzed the performance. The results of the study show that the proposed work has significant advantages over state-of-the-art works in terms of network lifetime, packet delivery ratio, and energy consumption. The energy consumption of the proposed work is 0.2 J with a packet delivery ratio is 95%.The network life time of proposed work, with respect to the coverage area around 14 km is approximately 60 h.
Bone mineral density loci specific to the skull portray potential pleiotropic effects on craniosynostosis
Authors: Medina-Gomez Carolina , Mullin Benjamin H. , Chesi Alessandra , Prijatelj Vid , Kemp John P. , Shochat-Carvalho Chen , Trajanoska Katerina , Wang Carol , Joro Raimo , Evans Tavia E. , Schraut Katharina E. , Li-Gao Ruifang , Ahluwalia Tarunveer S. , Zillikens M. Carola , Zhu Kun , Mook-Kanamori Dennis O. , Evans Daniel S. , Nethander Maria , Knol Maria J. , Thorleifsson Gudmar , Prokic Ivana , Zemel Babette , Broer Linda , McGuigan Fiona E. , van Schoor Natasja M. , Reppe Sjur , Pawlak Mikolaj A. , Ralston Stuart H. , van der Velde Nathalie , Lorentzon Mattias , Stefansson Kari , Adams Hieab H. H. , Wilson Scott G. , Ikram M. Arfan , Walsh John P. , Lakka Timo A. , Gautvik Kaare M. , Wilson James F. , Orwoll Eric S. , van Duijn Cornelia M. , Bønnelykke Klaus , Uitterlinden Andre G. , Styrkársdóttir Unnur , Akesson Kristina E. , Spector Timothy D. , Tobias Jonathan H. , Ohlsson Claes , Felix Janine F. , Bisgaard Hans , Grant Struan F. A. , Richards J. Brent , Evans David M. , van der Eerden Bram , van de Peppel Jeroen , Ackert-Bicknell Cheryl , Karasik David , Kague Erika , Rivadeneira Fernando
Published: July 2023

Skull bone mineral density (SK-BMD) provides a suitable trait for the discovery of key genes in bone biology, particularly to intramembranous ossification, not captured at other skeletal sites. We perform a genome-wide association meta-analysis (n ~ 43,800) of SK-BMD, identifying 59 loci, collectively explaining 12.5% of the trait variance. Association signals cluster within gene-sets involved in skeletal development and osteoporosis. Among the four novel loci (ZIC1,PRKAR1A,AZIN1/ATP6V1C1,GLRX3), there are factors implicated in intramembranous ossification and as we show, inherent to craniosynostosis processes. Functional follow-up in zebrafish confirms the importance ofZIC1on cranial suture patterning. Likewise, we observe abnormal cranial bone initiation that culminates in ectopic sutures and reduced BMD in mosaicatp6v1c1knockouts. Mosaicprkar1aknockouts present asymmetric bone growth and, conversely, elevated BMD. In light of this evidence linking SK-BMD loci to craniofacial abnormalities, our study provides new insight into the pathophysiology, diagnosis and treatment of skeletal diseases.
Competitive hierarchies in bryozoan assemblages mitigate network instability by keeping short and long feedback loops weak
Authors: Koch Franziska , Neutel Anje-Margriet , Barnes David K. A. , Tielbӧrger Katja , Zarfl Christiane , Allhoff Korinna T.
Published: July 2023

Competitive hierarchies in diverse ecological communities have long been thought to lead to instability and prevent coexistence. However, system stability has never been tested, and the relation between hierarchy and instability has never been explained in complex competition networks parameterised with data from direct observation. Here we test model stability of 30 multispecies bryozoan assemblages, using estimates of energy loss from observed interference competition to parameterise both the inter- and intraspecific interactions in the competition networks. We find that all competition networks are unstable. However, instability is mitigated considerably by asymmetries in the energy loss rates brought about by hierarchies of strong and weak competitors. This asymmetric organisation results in asymmetries in the interaction strengths, which reduces instability by keeping the weight of short (positive) and longer (positive and negative) feedback loops low. Our results support the idea that interference competition leads to instability and exclusion but demonstrate that this is not because of, but despite, competitive hierarchy.
Pressure-driven processes explain the decreasing magnetization of the subducting oceanic crust in the Japan Trench
Authors: Han Dongwoo , Park Yong-Hee , Lee Changyeol
Published: July 2023

Despite the decreases in temperature and permeability of oceanic plates with increasing age, hydrothermal circulation (HC) can be rejuvenated in the 130-Ma old Pacific plate in the vicinity of the Japan Trench, substantially affecting the thermal structure and remaining amount of magnetization (RAM). To decipher the roles of HC in the thermal structure and the RAM, the vigor and extent of HC in the vicinity of the Japan Trench should be quantitatively evaluated. Here we numerically show that HC is rejuvenated in the outer-rise zone but ceases after subduction owing to permeability evolution. The calculated thermal structure explains the measured heat flow evolution but negates the HC-driven thermal demagnetization, which was thought to decrease the RAM after subduction. Instead, we propose that the pressure-driven processes decrease the RAM after subduction through the demagnetizations of titanomaghemite and magnetite and the mineral phase transitions from maghemite to hematite.
Identifying protective factors for gender diverse adolescents’ mental health
Authors: Holt Melissa K. , Parodi Katharine B. , Elgar Frank J. , Vigna Abra , Moore L. B. , Koenig Brian
Published: July 2023

Few studies have disentangled differences in victimization exposures and mental health symptoms among gender diverse subgroups, nor considered the role of potential protective factors in ameliorating the impact of victimization on gender diverse youths’ mental health. Here we report findings from a secondary data analysis, in which we address this gap by analyzing cross-sectional survey data (N = 11,264 in the final analytic sample) from a population-based survey of youth in participating school districts in a large Midwestern U.S. county. Relative to cisgender youth with gender conforming expression, transgender youth and cisgender youth with nonconforming gender expression are more likely to experience victimization and severe mental health concerns. Additionally, school-connectedness moderates the association between bias-based harassment and depression for cisgender youth with gender nonconforming expression, and family support/monitoring buffers the association of peer victimization with suicide attempts among transgender youth. Findings highlight the need to better understand factors which may confer protection among gender diverse adolescents, so that in turn appropriate supports across key contexts can be implemented.
A combinatorial droplet microfluidic device integrated with mass spectrometry for enzyme screening
Authors: Ha Noel S. , Onley Jenny R. , Deng Kai , Andeer Peter , Bowen Benjamin P. , Gupta Kshitiz , Kim Peter W. , Kuch Nathaniel , Kutschke Mark , Parker Alex , Song Fangchao , Fox Brian , Adams Paul D. , de Raad Markus , Northen Trent R.
Published: July 2023

We describe Drop-NIMS, a novel combination of droplet microfluidics and the matrix-free nanostructure-initiator mass spectrometry (NIMS) technology, with applications in enzyme screening.
A fluorometric assay for high-throughput phosphite quantitation in biological and environmental matrices
Authors: Bailey Clara A. , Greene Brandon L.
Published: July 2023

A fluorometric assay was developed that can measure μM concentrations of phosphite (Phi) in a variety of biological matrices. The assay was used to evaluate Phi uptake in radishes with a Phi-oxidizing soil microbiome.
GPX4 inhibition synergistically boosts mitochondria targeting nanoartemisinin-induced apoptosis/ferroptosis combination cancer therapy
Authors: Yu Hui , Li Jia-Mi , Deng Kai , Zhou Wei , Li Kun-Heng , Wang Cai-Xia , Wang Qian , Wu Meng , Huang Shi-Wen
Published: July 2023

A redox-activated mitochondria-targeting nanoplatform is utilized to co-deliver artemisinin and the GPX4 inhibitor RSL3, and achieve synergistic apoptosis/ferroptosis cancer therapy.
Stable glycosylamines at the reducing ends of cellulose nanocrystals
Authors: Xia Jingwen , Koso Tetyana , Heise Katja , Fliri Lukas , Ressouche Emilie , Majoinen Johanna , Kostiainen Mauri A. , Hietala Sami , Hummel Michael , Aseyev Vladimir , Kilpeläinen Ilkka , King Alistair W.T.
Published: July 2023

Direct-dissolution solution-state NMR evidence for formation of stable glycosylamines at the ends of cellulose nanocrystals demonstrates a bottom-up design approach for reducing end chemistries, towards novel materials and biomedical applications.
Towards “homeopathic” palladium-catalysed alkoxycarbonylation of aliphatic and aromatic olefins
Authors: Huang Weiheng , Jackstell Ralf , Franke Robert , Beller Matthias
Published: July 2023

Palladium-catalysed alkoxycarbonylation of alkenes allows for atom-efficient synthesis of esters from easily available alkenes in an industrially viable manner.
Additive controlled packing polymorphism in a series of halogen-substituted dithieno[3,2-a:2′,3′-c]phenazine derivatives
Authors: Averkiev Boris B. , Castañeda Raúl , Fonari Marina S. , Jucov Evgheni V. , Timofeeva Tatiana V.
Published: July 2023

For a series of substituted dithieno[3,2-a:2′,3′-c]phenazine derivatives X-ray diffraction studies have been carried out.
Supramolecular isomerism and structural flexibility in coordination networks sustained by cadmium rod building blocks
Authors: Andaloussi Yassin H. , Bezrukov Andrey A. , Sensharma Debobroto , Zaworotko Michael J.
Published: July 2023

Using the new bifunctional PyImPr linker and cadmium, two coordination networks, sustained by rod building blocks, form 2D or 3D supramolecular isomers that undergo open-to-closed phase transformations enabled by the flexible linker.
Spontaneous off-stoichiometry as the knob to control the dielectric properties of gapped metals
Authors: Khan Muhammad Rizwan , Gopidi Harshan Reddy , Darabian Hamid Reza , Pawlak Dorota A. , Malyi Oleksandr I.
Published: July 2023

Using first-principles calculations and La3Te4 as an example of an n-type gapped metal, we demonstrate that gapped metals can develop spontaneous defect formation resulting in off-stoichiometric compounds.
Schottky-barrier-free plasmonic photocatalysts
Authors: An Ke , Hu Jingtian , Wang Jianfang
Published: July 2023

Schottky-barrier-free plasmonic photocatalysts are proposed for high-performance photocatalysis. They are made of degenerately doped semiconductors, possess strong plasmon resonance, and exhibit broadband light absorption for solar energy harvesting.
High-intensity first near-infrared emission through energy migration in multilayered upconversion nanoparticles
Authors: Zheng Xuegang , Chen Ying , Liu Meijuan , Pan Shusheng , Liu Zhiyu , Xu Dekang , Lin Hao
Published: July 2023

The development of Tm3+807 nm first near-infrared (NIR-I, 700–1000 nm) emission with second near-infrared (NIR-II, 1000–1700 nm) excitation is urgently needed, due to its potential application in biomedicine.
MacroConf – dataset & workflows to assess cyclic peptide solution structures
Authors: Crusius Daniel , Schnell Jason R. , Cipcigan Flaviu , Biggin Philip C.
Published: July 2023

We introduce the MacroConf dataset, a collection of cyclic peptide solution structures. The dataset was used to benchmark the performance of molecular dynamics and cheminformatics-based conformer generators.
Effect of different storage conditions on the quality attributes of sweet lime juice subjected to pulsed light and thermal pasteurization
Authors: Shaik Lubna , Chakraborty Snehasis
Published: July 2023

Overview of all the experimental conditions and responses for the shelf-life study of sweet lime juice.
Electrolysed water (hypochlorous acid) generation and efficacy against food-borne pathogens
Authors: Saxena Juhi , Williams Tyler
Published: July 2023

The present study was conducted to investigate the efficacy of electrochemically generated hypochlorous acid (HOCl) againstSalmonella enterica,Pseudomonas aeruginosaandStaphylococcus aureusunder clean and soiled conditions.
Voltage losses in indoor light harvesting organic photovoltaic devices: a case study of green solvent processed PM6/IT-4Cl devices
Authors: Man Xuyan , Wang Jing , Qian Deping , Li Mengyang , Pan Hailin , Li Zheng , Wang Ming , Tang Zheng , Ma Zaifei
Published: July 2023

Three issues related to green solvent-processed indoor OPV devices, namely pinholes, traps, and charge transfer losses, have been identified. To address these challenges, a strategy involving the use of solvent and solid additives is proposed.
A “three-in-one” strategy based on an on-demand multifunctional fluorescent amphoteric polymer for ecological leather manufacturing: a disruptive wet-finishing technique
Authors: Wei Chao , Wang Xuechuan , Sun Siwei , Lu Qiangqiang , Zou Xiaoliang , Xie Long , Huo Peiyao , Hao Dongyan , Liu Xinhua
Published: July 2023

A disruptive “three-in-one” strategy is proposed based on the amphoteric polymer pADD-DMENA integrating retanning, fatliquoring and dyeing functions. Its superior fluorescence enables visual tracking in leather interiors and wastewater.
Defective nickel sulfide hierarchical structures for efficient electrochemical conversion of plastic waste to value-added chemicals and hydrogen fuel
Authors: Chen Zhijie , Wei Wei , Shen Yansong , Ni Bing-Jie
Published: July 2023

Hierarchical defective nickel sulfide catalysts enable efficient electro-upcycling of plastic waste to value-added chemicals and hydrogen fuel.
Phonon-driven transient bandgap renormalization in perovskite single crystals
Authors: Wang Lijie , Wang Hong , Nughays Razan , Ogieglo Wojciech , Yin Jun , Gutiérrez-Arzaluz Luis , Zhang Xinyuan , Wang Jian-Xin , Pinnau Ingo , Bakr Osman M. , Mohammed Omar F.
Published: July 2023

Our study demonstrates the significant role of phonons in the transient band gap renormalization of MAPbBr3 single crystals following photoexcitation, in addition to the well-known contribution of photo-generated hot carriers.
Flexible In–Ga–Zn–N–O synaptic transistors for ultralow-power neuromorphic computing and EEG-based brain–computer interfaces
Authors: Fan Shuangqing , Wu Enxiu , Cao Minghui , Xu Ting , Liu Tong , Yang Lijun , Su Jie , Liu Jing
Published: July 2023

Developed are flexible synaptic transistors based on In–Ga–Zn–N–O that can simulate both essential and advanced biological neural functions, while achieving ultra-low power consumption.
Size-controlled liquid phase synthesis of colloidally stable Co3O4 nanoparticles
Authors: Kießling Johannes , Rosenfeldt Sabine , Schenk Anna S.
Published: July 2023

We introduce a synthetic strategy based on the decomposition of hydroxide precursors for the size-controlled preparation of Co3O4 nanoparticles with excellent colloidal stability and narrow size distributions adjustable in the range between 3–13 nm.
Oxidative Mizoroki–Heck reaction of unprotected cinnamylamines at ambient temperature under air
Authors: Farinde Olutayo N. , Satheesh Vanaparthi , Shrestha Kendra K. , Rhinehalt Carmen R. , Landge Vinod G. , Young Michael C.
Published: July 2023

Cinnamylamines make-up many important drugs that target G protein-coupled receptors.
Charting a path to catalytic upcycling of plastic micro/nano fiber pollution from textiles to produce carbon nanomaterials and turquoise hydrogen
Authors: Parrilla-Lahoz Silvia , Zambrano Marielis C. , Stolojan Vlad , Bance-Soualhi Rachida , Pawlak Joel J. , Venditti Richard A. , Reina Tomas Ramirez , Duyar Melis S.
Published: July 2023

This article demonstrates proof-of-concept for upcycling textile derived microfibers to structured solid carbon products of value using a representative well defined feedstock of real textile derived fibers of polyester and cotton.
Electrochemical biomass valorization of furfural to maleic acid by modulating selectivity with Bi-doped lead oxide
Authors: Lee Eunchong , Kim Jae Hyung , Choi Juhyung , Hong Yewon , Shin Dongwoo , Yun Hyewon , Kim Jimin , Bak Gwangsu , Hong Seongin , Hwang Yun Jeong
Published: July 2023

Bi-doped lead oxide improves selectivity for maleic acid production from electrochemical furfural oxidation by modulating the oxidation states of Pb and consequentially suppressing the over-oxidation reaction to CO2 compared to lead oxide.
A zincophilic ion-conductive layer with the desolvation effect and oriented deposition behavior achieving superior reversibility of Zn metal anodes
Authors: Sun Leilei , Wang Yang , Duan Guosheng , Luo Bin , Zheng Sinan , Huang Jingyun , Ye Zhizhen
Published: July 2023

The highly ion conductive ZnTe layer achieves multifunctional optimization including ion transport and induced Zn deposition. The ZnTe@Zn anode achieves 19 000 stable cycles at an ultra-high current of 40 mA cm−2.
Hydrophobic dispersion-derived Si/rGO nanocomposites in SiOC ceramic matrix as anode materials for high performance lithium-ion batteries
Authors: Ku Minkyeong , Park Dohyub , Kim Minjun , Choi Minsu , Choi Wonchang
Published: July 2023

A Si/rGO/SiOC composite is designed using hydrophobic rGO for uniform distribution of Si in SiOC matrix. rGO contributed to the improvement of electrical conductivity, and the volume expansion of Si was effectively alleviated by the SiOC material.
New superionic halide solid electrolytes enabled by aliovalent substitution in Li3−xY1−xHfxCl6 for all-solid-state lithium metal based batteries
Authors: Tuo Kaiyong , Sun Chunwen , López C. A. , Fernández-Díaz Maria Teresa , Alonso José Antonio
Published: July 2023

Novel mixed-metal Li3−xY1−xHfxCl6 has been subtly designed by doping engineering to achieve superionic halide conductors for all-solid-state lithium-metal based batteries.
Large-scalable, ultrastable thin films for electromagnetic interference shielding
Authors: Park Jae Seo , Park Ji Yong , Lee Kyunbae , Cho Young Shik , Shin Hyunji , Jung Yeonsu , Park Chong Rae , Kim Taehoon , Kim Jae Ho , Yang Seung Jae
Published: July 2023

Conductive MOF (cMOF)-filled ultrathin, freestanding films are demonstrated as a new class of EMI shielding materials with large-scalability and stable outstanding performances.
Speeding up the selective extraction of uranium through in situ formed nano-pockets
Authors: Pan Zhihao , Zhao Lin , Cai Lirong , Wang Shiyong , Lu Bing , Zhang Pingyu , Wang Gang
Published: July 2023

ECP gels provided an electronic-rich environment for uranium selective adsorption by in situ generated nano-pockets.
Understanding the role of non-fullerene acceptor crystallinity in the charge transport properties and performance of organic solar cells
Authors: Mondelli Pierluigi , Kaienburg Pascal , Silvestri Francesco , Scatena Rebecca , Welton Claire , Grandjean Martine , Lemaur Vincent , Solano Eduardo , Nyman Mathias , Horton Peter N. , Coles Simon J. , Barrena Esther , Riede Moritz , Radaelli Paolo , Beljonne David , Reddy G. N. Manjunatha , Morse Graham
Published: July 2023

This structural characterisation shows how non-fullerene acceptor packing largely track from single crystals to solar cells. The crystal packing impacts electron mobility, while the domain purity drives the bimolecular recombination and performance.
A nanoscale inorganic coating strategy for stabilizing hydrogel neural probes in vivo
Authors: Huang Sizhe , Villafranca Sabrina Urbina , Mehta Iyanah , Yosfan Omri , Hong Eunji , Wang Anyang , Wu Nianqiang , Wang Qianbin , Rao Siyuan
Published: July 2023

Hydrogels with adaptable optical and mechanical characteristics show considerable promise for light delivery in vivo with neuroengineering applications.
Blocking tau transmission by biomimetic graphene nanoparticles
Authors: Zhu Runyao , Makwana Kamlesh M. , Zhang Youwen , Rajewski Benjamin H. , Del Valle Juan R. , Wang Yichun
Published: July 2023

Graphene quantum dots with engineered properties are able to block the seeding activity of tau fibrils by inhibiting the fibrillization of monomeric tau and triggering the disaggregation of tau filaments.
Metal regulation of Mycobacterium tuberculosis SufB intein splicing at the host–pathogen crossroad
Authors: Panda Sunita , Nanda Ananya , Nasker Sourya Subhra , Mehra Ashwaria , Ojha Deepak Kumar , Mohanty Priti Sundar , Nayak Sasmita
Published: July 2023

Intein sequences self-excise from precursor proteins to generate functional proteins in various organisms. Thus, regulation of intein splicing at the host–pathogen interface can determine the fate of infection by controlling generation of essential proteins in microbes. For instance, Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtu) SufB intein splicing is crucial for the functionality of SUF complex. This multiprotein system is the sole pathway for [Fe-S] cluster biogenesis in mycobacteria during oxidative stress and Fe starvation. Although metal toxicity and metal starvation are components of host immunity, correlation of metal stress to Mtu SufB intein splicing is missing till date. Current study examines the splicing and N-terminal cleavage reactions of Mtu SufB precursor protein in presence of micronutrient metal ions like Zn+2, Cu+2, and Fe+3/+2. A known intein splicing inhibitor Pt+4 was also tested to support its proposed role as an anti-TB agent. Mtu SufB precursor protein exhibited significant attenuation of splicing and N-terminal cleavage reactions across different concentration ranges for Pt+4, Cu+2, Zn+2, while Fe+3 interaction resulted in precursor accumulation. UV–Vis spectroscopy, inductively coupled plasma-optical emission spectroscopy (ICP-OES), Tryptophan fluorescence assay, and dynamic light scattering (DLS) techniques analyzed metal–protein interaction. Mutagenesis experiments and Ellman’s assay identified plausible metal co-ordination sites within Mtu SufB protein. Analyzing the metal effect on Mtu SufB splicing may provide elemental information about the fate of mycobacterial infection, and a probable mechanism to attenuate intracellular survival of Mtu. Current research hints at the host regulatory mechanism on SufB splicing in its native environment and a likely target for developing next-generation anti-TB drugs.
The edge-on protoplanetary disk HH 48 NE
Authors: Sturm J. A. , McClure M. K. , Law C. J. , Harsono D. , Bergner J. B. , Dartois E. , Drozdovskaya M. N. , Ioppolo S. , Öberg K. I. , Palumbo M. E. , Pendleton Y. J. , Rocha W. R. M. , Terada H. , Urso R. G.
Published: July 2023

Context. Observations of edge-on disks are an important tool for constraining general protoplanetary disk properties that cannot be determined in any other way. However, most radiative transfer models cannot simultaneously reproduce the spectral energy distributions (SEDs) and resolved scattered light and submillimeter observations of these systems because the geometry and dust properties are different at different wavelengths.

Aims. We simultaneously constrain the geometry of the edge-on protoplanetary disk HH 48 NE and the characteristics of the host star. HH 48 NE is part of the JWST early-release science program Ice Age. This work serves as a stepping stone toward a better understanding of the physical structure of the disk and of the icy chemistry in this particular source. This type of modeling lays the groundwork for studying other edge-on sources that are to be observed with the JWST.

Methods. We fit a parameterized dust model to HH 48 NE by coupling the radiative transfer codeRADMC-3Dand a Markov chain Monte Carlo framework. The dust structure was fit independently to a compiled SED, a scattered light image at 0.8 µm, and an ALMA dust continuum observation at 890 µm.

Results. We find that 90% of the dust mass in HH 48 NE is settled to the disk midplane. This is less than in average disks. The atmospheric layers of the disk also exclusively contain large grains (0.3–10 µm). The exclusion of small grains in the upper atmosphere likely has important consequences for the chemistry because high-energy photons can penetrate very deeply. The addition of a relatively large cavity (~50 au in radius) is necessary to explain the strong mid-infrared emission and to fit the scattered light and continuum observations simultaneously.
Exploring Snippets as a Dataset to Overcome Challenges in CLIR
Authors: Asthana Amit , Dwivedi Sanjay K.
Published: July 2023

Cross-lingual information retrieval (CLIR) is a challenging task that requires overcoming linguistic barriers to match user queries with relevant documents in different languages. One of the major challenges in CLIR is the lack of parallel corpora, which hinders the development of effective translation models. This challenge can be addressed using snippets as a dataset to train CLIR models. Snippets can be automatically extracted from various sources, such as search engine result pages and can provide a rich and diverse set of collections for cross-lingual information retrieval. This paper initially discusses the challenges in CLIR and then explores the use of snippets as a dataset which can lead towards the development or improvements in the techniques to improve the retrieval effectiveness and further discusses the advantages and limitations of using snippets dataset in CLIR.