bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
EL DESARROLLO SUSTENTABLE DESDE UNA MIRADA UNIVERSITARIA INTERCULTURAL
Authors:   UNICH CHIAPAS MÉXICO, Velázquez Jorge
Published: November 2020

El encuentro de conceptos, que suscitan mucho interés y grandes expecta-tivas suelen, también promover la reflexión y el análisis en la búsqueda de definiciones que contribuyan a entender mejor sus significados, como es el caso de los términos sustentabilidad, desarrollo, interculturalidad, y vinculación comunitaria, en particular en contextos interculturales, es decir, en espacios donde convergen comunidades que, se supone, son diferentes, como las indí-genas y mestizas, y que terminan por enriquecer el proceso reflexivo. Mucha intención ha corrido en torno al concepto Sustentabilidad, pero poco ha trans-currido si lo asociamos al concepto de Desarrollo e Interculturalidad, una comunión que permite echar una mirada al desarrollo de las comunidades desde una perspectiva diferente, de la mirada de la gente en torno a su diario vivir bajo un enfoque sustentable, de su percepción de cosas tan obvias del día a día como es el manejo de la basura en sus casas hasta problemas complejos como la contaminación de ríos y cuencas por las acciones humanas; es preguntarnos cómo quiere vivir la gente y cómo aplica la sustentabilidad en su entorno y de cómo se relaciona con otros grupos culturales diferentes, pero que comparten un mismo territorio. En este sentido, la Sustentabilidad, el Desarrollo y la Interculturalidad promueven la necesidad de la vinculación a las comunidades que proceden de culturas diferentes, y se convierten en las razones universitarias interculturales para movilizarse, son sus motivos de existir, cuyo propósito es descubrir sus pensamientos y sus acciones en torno a esta cuestión del Desarrollo Sustentable. La pretensión de este trabajo es precisamente contribuir a la reflexión y análisis acerca del concepto Desarrollo Sustentable en un contexto de Interculturalidad, cuya importancia está en que diversas universidades, en particular las interculturales, lo promueven como una carrera profesional ligada íntimamente a un eje pedagógico central que es reconocido como vinculación comunitaria, el cual es visto como un fundamento formativo de especial importancia para sus profesionales en formación en Desarrollo Sustentable, el cual facilita, entre otros atributos, el reconocer y explicar el impacto que en la calidad de vida de las comunidades humanas tiene el uso y preservación de los recursos (entendido como naturales, humanos, ecológicos, etc.), en la actualidad y predecir su efecto en el futuro.
Cannabis et cancer : à la veille de l’expérimentation française du cannabis thérapeutique, de quelles données disposons-nous sur ses propriétés thérapeutiques et ses dangers ?
Authors: Naoun N.
Published: November 2020

Régulièrement au coeur des débats politiques et de société, la dépénalisation du cannabis questionne de nombreux pays industrialisés. Les études évaluant les risques et les bénéfices potentiels des cannabinoïdes sont de plus en plus nombreuses mais souvent contradictoires. Pourtant, devant des données scientifiques publiées, l’Assemblée nationale et l’ANSM ont décidé le lancement d’une expérimentation des cannabinoïdes en thérapeutique pour une liste d’indications restreintes, certaines en oncologie. Cette revue vise à évaluer le bénéfice/risque d’une consommation de ces substances chez les patients de cancérologie. En outre, les bénéfices semblent multiples. Depuis la découverte du système endocannabinoïde, les travaux sur la pharmacologie des cannabinoïdes de synthèse se sont accélérés. Il existe des preuves scientifiques, cependant encore insuffisantes en raison de leur méthodologie imparfaite, pour l’utilisation de ces molécules dans les nausées et vomissements chimioinduits et les douleurs chroniques réfractaires aux traitements de première ligne. Si des expériences in vitro ont montré une potentielle action antitumorale des cannabinoïdes, il n’existe pas d’expérimentation in vivo en dehors d’une étude de cas de glioblastomes en rechute, dont le faible effectif ne permet de tirer aucune conclusion. À côté de ces bénéfices, il convient également de ne pas négliger les effets secondaires des cannabinoïdes, psychiatriques mais aussi somatiques. L’incidence des tumeurs germinales testiculaires, en particulier non séminomateuses, est favorisée par la consommation de cannabis chez les jeunes hommes. Le risque de survenue de cancers du poumon, de la tête, du cou et de la cavité buccale ne semble quant à lui pas modifié. En conclusion, peu de données à haut niveau de preuves scientifiques sont disponibles, mais il semble exister pour des patients sélectionnés une place pour les cannabinoïdes de synthèse en thérapeutique. Il est nécessaire d’organiser une recherche scientifique rigoureuse et standardisée afin de sécuriser l’accès à ces nouveaux médicaments en dehors de toute considération politique.
Resection of vestibular schwannomas after stereotactic radiosurgery: a systematic review
Authors: Whitmeyer Max , Brahimaj Bledi C. , Beer-Furlan André , Alvi Sameer , Epsten Madeline J. , Crawford Fred , Byrne Richard W. , Wiet R. Mark
Published: November 2020

OBJECTIVE

Multiple short series have evaluated the efficacy of salvage microsurgery (MS) after stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) for treatment of vestibular schwannomas (VSs); however, there is a lack of a large volume of patient data available for interpretation and clinical adaptation. The goal of this study was to provide a comprehensive review of tumor characteristics, management, and surgical outcomes of salvage of MS after SRS for VS.

METHODS

The Medline/PubMed, Scopus, CINAHL, Cochrane Library, and Google Scholar databases were queried according to PRISMA guidelines. All English-language and translated publications were included. Studies lacking adequate study characteristics and outcomes were excluded. Cases involving neurofibromatosis type 2, previous MS, or malignant transformation were excluded when possible.

RESULTS

Twenty studies containing 297 cases met inclusion criteria. Three additional cases from Rush University Medical Center were added for 300 total cases. Tumor growth with or without symptoms was the primary indication for salvage surgery (92.3% of cases), followed by worsening of symptoms without growth (4.6%) and cystic enlargement (3.1%). The average time to MS after SRS was 39.4 months. The average size and volume of tumor at surgery were 2.44 cm and 5.92 cm3, respectively. The surgical approach was retrosigmoid (42.8%) and translabyrinthine (57.2%); 59.5% of patients had a House-Brackmann (HB) grade of I or II. The facial nerve was preserved in 91.5% of cases. Facial nerve preservation and HB grades were lower for the translabyrinthine versus retrosigmoid approach (p = 0.31 and p = 0.18, respectively); however, fewer complications were noted in the translabyrinthine approach (p = 0.29). Gross-total resection (GTR) was completed in 55.7% of surgeries. Studies that predominantly used subtotal resection (STR) were associated with a lower rate of facial nerve injury (5.3% vs 11.3%, p = 0.07) and higher rate of HB grade I or II (72.9% vs 48.0%, p = 0.00003) versus those using predominantly GTR. However, majority STR was associated with a recurrence rate of 3.6% as compared to 1.4% for majority GTR (p = 0.29).

CONCLUSIONS

This study showed that the leading cause of MS after SRS was tumor growth at an average of 39.4 months after radiation. There were no significant differences in outcomes of facial nerve preservation, postoperative HB grade, or complication rate based on surgical approach. Patients who underwent STR showed statistically significant better HB outcomes compared with GTR. MS after SRS was considered by most authors to be more difficult than primary MS. These data support the notion that the surgical goals of salvage surgery are debulking of tumor mass, decreasing compression of the brainstem, and not necessarily pursuing GTR.
Art mediator as a participant of art communication
Authors:   Siberian Federal University, Shimanskaya K.I.
Published: November 2020

Artistic communication is the interaction between the viewer and the work of art. Its success is the highest goal of an art mediator, whose role is to establish and maintain a dialogue between the subjects of artistic communication. n this regard, art mediation is understood by the authors of the article as a participatory practice that teaches visitors of art museums and galleries the language of art and its interpretation. This view is confirmed by a review of the concept of artistic communication in scientific literature, as well as an analysis of the practice of art mediation, its basic principles (such as openness, polyphony and the use of an individual approach by an art mediator) are revealed on the example of the Krasnoyarsk Museum Biennale «Negotiators» in the Krasnoyarsk Museum Center.
Chain of lawsuits in the Russian volost court of the early 20th century: the case of a Siberian peasant woman Alexandra Borozdina, who obtained property from her husband, but not money
Authors:   Institute of History, SB RAS (Novosibirsk), Kirillov A.K.
Published: November 2020

For the first time in the history of the study of volost courts in pre-revolutionary Russia, a rare phenomenon is taken for study – a chain of interconnected claims considered by one court during the year. The use of a chain of claims makes it possible to solve the problem of excessive conciseness of the protocols of the volost courts, which arises during the transition from their mass processing to the study by the method of case study. Six investigated lawsuits, filed in 1914 in the Tulinsky volost court of the Tomsk province, were related to the departure of the peasant woman A. E. Borozdina, who complained about her husband’s abuse. The judges supported one part of her claims and ruled that the husband should give her the woman’s property and return the money for the cow he sold after his wife left. Another part of the claims related to the payment of money “for food” was rejected. As a result of studying these materials, it has been proved that Aleksandra Borozdina perceived the lawsuit as a tool in a multi-step game; each time adjusting the content of the claim to the needs of this struggle, taking into account rapidly changing circumstances. For their part, the volost court judges were pragmatic about the claims being filed, building the queue of their consideration not according to the chronology of filing, but according to the degree of their importance for the restoration of violated justice. In general, the above facts and the conclusions drawn work to reject the perception of the volost court of the early XX century as a relic of the past, which tried to put modern life in the mainstream of patriarchal customs. The peasants who came into contact with the volost court treated it in a businesslike manner, creatively using the opportunities given to them by law to fight for their interests (as long as we are talking about the plaintiffs) or (if we mean volost court judges) for adopting the correct (from their point of view) solutions.
Cooperation between the USSR and the PRC in the field of physical culture and sports in the 1950s.
Authors:   Siberian Federal University, Novoseltsev N.R. , Surzhko A.V. ,   Siberian Federal University
Published: November 2020

The article examines the main aspects of cooperation between the USSR and the PRC in the field of physical culture and sports in the «golden age» of Soviet-Chinese relations in the 1950s. Sport has become one of the factors that contributed to active bilateral cooperation between the two countries. The Soviet Union, as an “elder brother”, provided the young People’s Republic of China with comprehensive assistance in the development of national physical culture and sports, shared experience, and also sent and received numerous sports delegations. The beginning of the Soviet-Chinese split for a long time suspended cooperation between the two countries, including in the sports field, which was resumed only in the 1980s.
The big history of the small homeland (about the book of E. V. Elantsev «The village of Abat and Abat volost in the beginning of the XVIII – early XX centuries»)
Authors:   Omsk State Technical University, D.I. Petin
Published: November 2020

This publication is an analytical review of the popular science work of the Tyumen local historian Yevgeny Vladimirovich Elantsev «Abatskoye village and Abatskaya volost at the beginning of the 18th – beginning of the 20th centuries», published in the city of Ishim this year. The author of the review is one of the official reviewers of the book, which covers two hundred years of pre-revolutionary history using the example of a large administrative- territorial unit that was part of the Ishim district of the Tobolsk province (now the territory of the southeast of the Tyumen region). According to the author of the review, the publication makes a significant contribution to the study of the socio-economic development of Western Siberia in the 18th – early 20th centuries. The principles of the system and the determinism made it possible to analyze the publication, regarded as a phenomenon of science, having its own structure, at the same time, entering into the community of historical and local history knowledge. Based on the specifics of the topic, the main scientific method used to write this publication is problematic. Noting the relevance, novelty, as well as a number of other undoubted advantages of the book novelty, the review also contains subjective critical passages, which are regarded as possible ways for further information improvement of the publication and study of the topic. The author of the review concludes that Yevgeny Vladimirovich Elantsev presented to the scientific community a full-fledged, high-quality historical and local lore work, which has rich facts and is focused on a number of applied areas of the humanitarian sphere. The review is addressed to a wide circle of readers, including, first of all, researchers of the history of historical science, Russian historiography, the pre- revolutionary history of Russia and the local history of Siberia, and the practice of local history.
A Pengembangan Perangkat Pembelajaran Bangun Ruang Sisi Datar dengan Pendekatan Kontruktivisme berbasis Kemampuan Penalaran Matematis
Authors: Destiana Ovi
Published: November 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan mendeskripsikan proses pengembangan RPP dan LKS bangun ruang sisi datar dengan pendekatan kontruktivisme berbasis kemampuan penalaran matematis. Serta mendeskripsikan kevalidan dan kepraktisan RPP dan LKS yang telah dikembangkan tersebut. Model pengembangan yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah model ADDIE yang terdiri dari lima tahap yaitu analisis, desain, pengembangan, implementasi, dan evaluasi, namun dibatasi sampai tahap pengembangan. Adapun validator dalam penelitian pengembangan ini adalah dua orang dosen dan satu orang guru matematika. Instrumen penelitian terdiri dari lembar validasi RPP dan LKS untuk mengukur kevalidan dan kepraktisan RPP dan LKS yang dikembangkan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan kevalidan RPP dari pertemuan 1 hingga 4 rata-rata total validitas masing-masing sebesar 4,19; 4,19; 4,2 dan 4,2, dengan klasifikasi sangat valid. Artinya, RPP bangun ruang sisi datar dengan pendekatan kontruktivisme berbasis kemampuan penalaran matematis dari pertemuan 1 hingga 4 telah sesuai dengan perangkat pembelajaran berdasarkan Permendikbud no 22 tahun 2016. Sedangkan kevalidan LKS bangun ruang sisi datar dengan pendekatan kontruktivisme berbasis kemampuan penalaran matematis dari pertemuan 1 hingga 4 telah sesuai dengan komponen menurut Depdiknas. Berdasarkan pernyataan yang diberikan oleh tiga validator bahwa pada setiap pertemuan RPP dan LKS yang dikembangkan “dapat digunakan dengan sedikit revisi dan tanpa revisi” . Artinya telah memenuhi kriteria “praktis” jika digunakan di lapangan atau dalam pembelajaran.
Production and nutritional composition of juice powder from oyster mushroom Pleurotus ostreatus (Jacq.) Kummer
Authors: Ofodile Lauretta Nwanneka , Nicholas-Okpara Nwachukwu Viola A. , Ani Emmanuel , Ikegwu Emmanual Mmaduabuchi , Saanu Anjorin , Ezenwa Peace Chidinma , Osorinde Rafiat Titlope
Published: November 2020

Background: Mushrooms have been used as functional foods, nutraceuticals and medicines for decades in Asian countries. Because of their vital roles in human health, nutrition, and well-being, they are described as treasures in the wild and have served as food supplements. In regard to their nutritional composition, they are relatively low in total fat, vitamins, minerals, and ﬁber, but rich in high quality proteins and polyunsaturated fatty acids.Objective: To determine the nutritional value and proximate analysis of the oyster mushroom Pleurotus ostreatus, formulate mushroom juice powder, and determine its nutritional composition of the powderMethods: Optimization of the processing condition of the mushroom Pleurotus ostreatus (Jacq.) Kummer was first conducted using four different drying temperatures; 55oC, 60oC, 65oC and 70oC hourly for  3 hours to determine the best drying temperature. The temperatures at which the juice retained 5-10% moisture were selected for preparation of condensate and analysis because they had the best nutrient composition. Stevia (plant sugar) was used as a sweetener and ginger as the flavor for the formulation of the juice powder. A nutritional composition analysis of the juice powder was also carried out.Results: The nutritional composition of dried P. ostreatus at the chosen drying temperature (55 oC) were (8.71, 9.45, 7.07, 9.38, 51.81 and 13.3 mg/g) for iron, manganese, copper, zinc, magnesium and calcium respectively. Nutritional values Fe, Mn, Cu, Zn, Mg and Ca for the juice powder were 8.96 mg/g, 12.1mg/g, 7.94 mg/g, 11.88 mg/g, 59.0 mg/g and 42.0 mg/g respectively. The vitamin content of initial P. ostreatus raw material were Vitamin B1 (4.99) and B6 (0.74) while for the juice powder B1, B6 and C were 0.78mg/g, 0.035mg/g and 0.21mg/g respectively. Proximate analysis showed that the mushroom contained moisture (11.20±0.47%), fat (0.55±0.07%), protein (39.75±0.53%), fiber (3.30±1.04%), ash (8.65±0.52%) and carbohydrate (36.54±0.50%) while juice powder contained moisture (5.0%), fat (1.0%), protein(27.13%), fiber (16.00±2.52%), ash (2.83±0.12%) and carbohydrate(48.04±2.58%).Conclusion: This work demonstrated that the nutrient composition of the mushroom improved when formulated into juice powder. The quantity of Zn and Ca significantly increased in the juice powder at p<0.05 and reached the recommended daily dietary allowances and adequate intakes.Keywords: Pleurotus ostreatus, Juice powder, Nutritional value, formulation
Tumor Subtyping: Making Sense of Heterogeneity with a Goal Toward Treatment
Authors: Meeks Joshua J. , Sjödahl Gottfrid , Lerner Seth P. , Das Arighno , McConkey David J. , Black Peter C.
Published: November 2020

BACKGROUND:

Bladder cancers have high total mutation burdens resulting in genomic diversity and intra- and inter-tumor heterogeneity that may impact the diversity of gene expression, biologic aggressiveness, and potentially response to therapy. To compare bladder cancers among patients, an organizational structure is necessary that describes the tumor at the histologic and molecular level. These “molecular subtypes”, or “expression subtypes” of bladder cancer were originally described in 2010 and continue to evolve secondary to next generation sequencing (NGS) and an increasing public repository of well-annotated cohorts.

OBJECTIVE:

To review the history and methodology of expression-based subtyping of non-muscle invasive (NMIBC) and muscle invasive bladder cancer (MIBC).

METHODS:

A literature review was performed of primary papers from PubMed that described subtyping methods and their descriptive feature including search terms of “subtype”, and “bladder cancer”.

RESULTS:

21 papers were identified for review. Tumor subtyping developed from N = 2 to N = 6 subtyping schemes with most subtypes comprised of at least luminal and basal tumors. Most NMIBCs are luminal cancers and luminal MIBCs may be associated with less aggressive features, while one study of basal tumors identified a better clinical outcome with systemic chemotherapy. Tumors with a P53-like may have intrinsic resistance to chemotherapy. The heterogeneity of tumors, which is likely derived from stromal components and immune cell infiltration, affect subtype calls.

CONCLUSION:

Subtyping, while still evolving, is ready for testing in clinical trials. Improved patient selection with tumor subtyping may help with tumor classification and potentially match patient or tumor to therapy.
Utility of quantitative contrast-enhanced ultrasound for the prediction of lymph node metastasis in patients with papillary thyroid carcinoma
Authors: Luo Zhi-Yan , Hong Yu-Rong , Yan Cao-Xin , Wang Yong , Ye Qin , Huang Pintong
Published: November 2020

OBJECTIVES:

The aim of this study was to find the optimal parameters and cutoffs to differentiate metastatic lymph nodes (LNs) from benign LNs in the patients with papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) on the quantitative contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) features.

METHODS:

A total of 134 LNs in 105 patients with PTCs were retrospectively enrolled. All LNs were evaluated by conventional ultrasound (US) and CEUS before biopsy or surgery. The diagnostic efficacy of CEUS parameters was analyzed.

RESULTS:

Univariate analysis indicated that metastatic LNs more often manifested centripetal or asynchronous perfusion, hyper-enhancement, heterogeneous enhancement, ring-enhancing margins, higher PI, larger AUC, longer TTP and DT/2 than benign LNs at pre-operative CEUS ( p < 0.001, for all). Multivariate analysis showed that centripetal or asynchronous perfusion (OR = 3.163; 95% CI, 1.721–5.812), hyper-enhancement(OR = 0.371; 95% CI, 0.150–0.917), DT/2 (OR = 7.408; 95% confidence interval CI, 1.496–36.673), and AUC (OR = 8.340; 95% CI, 2.677–25.984) were predictive for the presence of metastatic LNs. The sensitivity and accuracy of the quantitative CEUS were higher than qualitative CEUS (75% vs 55 % and 83.6% vs 76.1 %, respectively).

CONCLUSIONS:

Quantitative CEUS parameters can provide more information to distinguish metastatic from benign LNs in PTC patients; In particular, DT/2 and AUC have a higher sensitivity and accuracy in predicting the presence of metastatic LNs and reduce unnecessary sampling of benign LNs.
The value of dynamic contrast enhanced ultrasound (DCE-US) in monitoring treatment effect of high-intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU) in locally advanced pancreatic cancer (LAPC)
Authors: Zuo Dan , Feng Yi , Zhang Qi , Qiu Yi-Jie , Tian Xiao-Fan , Shi Shuai-Nan , Dong Yi , Liu Tian-Shu , Wang Wen-Ping
Published: November 2020

PURPOSE: To evaluate the feasibility of dynamic contrast enhanced ultrasound (DCE-US) in predicting treatment response of high-intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU) in patients with locally advanced pancreatic cancer (LAPC) lesions. PATIENTS AND METHODS: In this prospective study, 10 patients with pathologically confirmed LAPC lesions (7 men, 3 women; average age, 61.13±5.80 years) were prospectively enrolled. All patients received HIFU treatment with peak intensity at 12000 W/cm2. Contrast enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) was performed with an ACUSON Oxana 2 ultrasound equipment and a 6 C-1 transducer (1–6 Hz). A dose of 2.4 ml SonoVue was injected for each examination. Time intensity curves (TICs) were generated and quantitative analyses were performed by SonoLiver software. B mode ultrasound (BMUS) features, CEUS enhancement patterns, TICs, CEUS quantitative parameters and serum carcinoma antigen 19-9 (CA19-9) levels were compared before and 4 weeks after HIFU treatment. Statistical analyses were performed with SPSS Version 20.0 and GraphPad Prism 5. RESULTS: While comparing before and after HIFU, no significant difference was obtained on mean size of lesion, BMUS or CEUS features. After HIFU treatment, TICs showed decreased and delayed enhancement. Among all CEUS quantitative parameters, significant decrease could be found in maximum intensity (MI) (60.66±23.95% vs 41.31±26.74%) and mean transit time (mTT) (76.66±47.61 s vs 38.42±28.35 s). CA19-9 level decreased significantly after HIFU (2747.92±4237.41 U/ml vs 715.08±1773.90 U/ml) (P = 0.05). CONCLUSION: DCE-US combining with quantitative analysis might be a useful imaging method for early treatment response evaluation of HIFU in LAPC lesions.
Accurate modeling and analysis of the winding inductances of a linear permanent-magnet actuator using an improved Fourier series expansion
Authors: Chen Jun-Wei
Published: November 2020

In this paper, the winding inductances of a linear ironless permanent-magnet synchronous actuator for high-precision applications is discussed. Different from rotary motors for conventional applications, high-order harmonics and the end effect due to discontinuous structure are considered. From such considerations, an improved Fourier series expansion is applied to the proposed distributed-parameter model of the linear winding. The calculated inductance matrix is of high accuracy, and presents a new non-uniform form. New features of the inductance matrix are analyzed, and the decoupling scheme is implemented via variable transformation and real-time updating inductances.
Adventitious rooting in stem and rhizome cuttings of Tuscan (Italy) Vaccinium myrtillus L. under different environmental conditions
Authors: Nin Stefania , Petrucci William Antonio , Turchi Adelaide , Giordani Edgardo
Published: November 2020

BACKGROUND: There is no mention in the literature of vegetative propagation of Vaccinium myrtillus. OBJECTIVE: The aim of the study was to evaluate the rooting potential of bilberry rhizome and stem cuttings. METHODS: Rhizome and stem cuttings collected in early Autumn were dipped in different IBA solutions (0 – 2000 – 4000 mgL–1) and rooted in non-sterilized V. myrtillus soil and expanded perlite under controlled growth chamber environment or under mist with basal heating in a greenhouse for 12 weeks. RESULTS: Rhizome cuttings showed high rooting potential in plant growth regulator (PGR) free substrates. Conversely, stem cuttings took advantage from IBA treatments; this positive effect on rooting percentage was synergistically increased when rooted in agriperlite. A higher rooting capacity was achieved when rhizome and stem cuttings were placed in agriperlite, however number of developed roots and shoots were much higher when V. myrtillus turf was used as substrate. Mist and bottom heating did not improve rooting significantly. CONCLUSIONS: V. myrtillus can be successfully propagated both by rhizome and stem cuttings. With an overall rooting success of 56–68% and with a reasonably good growth rate, production of planting material from stem cuttings of V. myrtillus offers opportunities for a cheaper, practically feasible and technically less demanding alternative means of propagation.
Diagnostic criteria for asthenic accommodative asthenopia in patients with computer vision syndrome
Authors:   Academy of Postgraduate Education of the Federal Scientific and Clinical Center  of the Federal Medical Biological Agency of Russian Federation, Moscow, Russian Federation, Ovechkin I.G. , Gadzhiev I.S. ,   Stavropol State Medical University, Stavropol, Russian Federation, Kozhukhov A.A. ,   Academy of Postgraduate Education of the Federal Scientific and Clinical Center  of the Federal Medical Biological Agency of Russian Federation, Moscow, Russian Federation, Belikova E.I. ,   Academy of Postgraduate Education of the Federal Scientific and Clinical Center  of the Federal Medical Biological Agency of Russian Federation, Moscow, Russian Federation
Published: November 2020

Aim: to assess the prevalence and clinical functional features of asthenic accommodative asthenopia in patients with computer vision syndrome.Patients and Methods: 86 men (172 eyes) aged 24–36 years (mean age 28.6±1.4 years) were examined. Major inclusion criteria were occupational daily activities (at least 2 years) regarded as a visually intensive work related to electronic chart displays (at least 8 hours daily) with a high level of responsibility for a final result; complaints which are typical of accommodative asthenopia and evident of its subcompensation or decompensation; low myopia (SE <3.0 diopters) or emmetropia; no ocular disorders (excepting refractive errors).Results: the analysis of basic diagnostic criteria demonstrated that habitually excessive accommodation strain (HEAS) was diagnosed in 51 patients (59.3%) and asthenic accommodative asthenopia in 19 patients (22.1%). In 16 patients (18.6%), the parameters did not meet the criteria of the investigated types of asthenopia. The most typical accommodative disorders in asthenic accommodative asthenopia are the significant reduction of accomodogram growth parameters and the high-frequency component of accommodative microfluctuations. The reasons for these phenomena are asthenization and weak ciliary muscle. Additionally, patients with asthenic accommodative asthenopia were characterized by the lowest score of the quality of visual life and subjective psychophysiological status compared to HEAS patients and controls. Conclusion: asthenic accommodative asthenopia is characterized by specific clinical functional and diagnostic criteria identified by both conventional and modern methods of the examination of visual accommodative system. These criteria can be recommended to assess the efficacy of preventive and therapeutic measures.Keywords: asthenopia, computer vision syndrome, accommodation, objective accommodography.For citation: Ovechkin I.G., Gadzhiev I.S., Kozhukhov A.A., Belikova E.I. Diagnostic criteria for asthenic accommodative asthenopia in patients with computer vision syndrome. Russian Journal of Clinical Ophthalmology. 2020;20(4):169–174. DOI: 10.32364/2311-7729-2020-20-4-169-174.
Transpalpebral tonometry after penetrating keratoplasty
Authors:   T.I. Eroshevskiy Samara Regional Clinical Ophthalmological Hospital, Samara, Russian Federation, Karlova E.V. , Zolotarev A.V. ,   T.I. Eroshevskiy Samara Regional Clinical Ophthalmological Hospital, Samara, Russian Federation,   Samara State Medical University, Samara, Russian Federation, Milyudin E.S. ,   T.I. Eroshevskiy Samara Regional Clinical Ophthalmological Hospital, Samara, Russian Federation, Pershakova A.E. ,   T.I. Eroshevskiy Samara Regional Clinical Ophthalmological Hospital, Samara, Russian Federation
Published: November 2020

Aim: to assess the efficacy and safety of EASYTON transpalpebral intraocular pressure (IOP) tonometer in the early postoperative period after penetrating keratoplasty (PK).Patients and Methods: 43 patients after unilateral PK were enrolled. IOP measurements with palpation and EASYTON transpalpebral IOP tonometer in the operated eye were performed daily for 7 days. In addition, IOP measurements with palpation, EASYTON, and the Goldmann applanation tonometer (GAT) in the fellow (non-operated) eye were performed.Results: Bland-Altman plots demonstrated a rather high degree of the similarity of IOP measurements with palpation, GAT, and EASYTON in the non-operated eyes. Therefore, IOP measurement by palpation is a rather informative technique and can be used to compare the accuracy of EASYTON in the operated eyes of the same patients. During the second step, a high degree of the similarity of IOP measurements with palpation and EASYTON was demonstrated in the operated eyes after PK. Mean IOP spread (as demonstrated by three consecutive IOP measurements with EASYTON) was 1.32 mm Hg thus showing a high degree of repeatability. The lack of the negative effects of IOP measurements with EASYTON supports its safety.Conclusion: EASYTON transpalpebral IOP tonometer prevents the subjectivity of IOP measurements after PK and makes tonometry available to the general public. The lack of the contact with the cornea, a rather high accuracy, a high repeatability, and the lack of negative effects allow for using this device after PK.Keywords: transpalpebral IOP tonometer, intraocular pressure, penetrating keratoplasty, instrumental tonometry, EASYTON, non-contact tonometry.For citation: Karlova E.V., Zolotarev A.V., Milyudin E.S., Pershakova A.E. Transpalpebral tonometry after penetrating keratoplasty. Russian Journal of Clinical Ophthalmology. 2020;20(4):175–179. DOI: 10.32364/2311-7729-2020-20-4-175-179.
Ocular surface treatment in dry eye patients before corneal refractive surgery
Authors:   Krasnodar Branch of the S.N. Fedorov NMRC “MNTK “Eye Microsurgery”, Krasnodar, Russian Federation, Klokova O.A. , Damashauskas R.O. ,   Krasnodar Branch of the S.N. Fedorov NMRC “MNTK “Eye Microsurgery”, Krasnodar, Russian Federation, Geidenrich M.S. ,   Krasnodar Branch of the S.N. Fedorov NMRC “MNTK “Eye Microsurgery”, Krasnodar, Russian Federation
Published: November 2020

Aim: to analyze the prevalence of dry eye disease (DED) among adult patients with ametropias and the efficacy of its complex treatment when preparing the ocular surface for corneal refractive surgery.Patients and Methods: 1,762 patients with ametropias were examined. In addition to all of the standard eye checks, vital conjunctival and corneal staining, Scheimpflug corneal topography, and anterior segment OCT as well as patient survey were performed. Standard preservative-free tear substitutes with or without a short course of steroids, lubricants, 0.05% anionic cyclosporine emulsion (twice daily), and long-term punctal plugs were prescribed for DED.Results: mild DED was diagnosed in 1,021 patients (57.9%). Of them, corneal lesion was reported in 362 patients (35.4%) and asymptomatic DED in 250 patients (25.5%). Corneal topographic indices of one or both eyes were abnormal (as a result of DED) in 147 patients (14.4%). Significant (p≤0.05) increase in corneal epithelial thickness of one or both eyes was reported in 564 patients (55.2%). Ocular surface treatment in DED patients allowed for uncomplicated corneal refractive procedures while target refraction was achieved in 1,006 patients (98.5%). Conclusion: a complex diagnostic approach to DED involving specific tests, patient survey, corneal topography, and OCT provides the diagnosis of both manifest and latent DED. Combined treatment for conjunctival and corneal xerosis that includes tear substitutes, topical cyclosporine, and punctal plugs, improves ocular surface health in DED thus enlarging the list of indications and the safety of laser eye surgery in these patients.Keywords: dry eye disease, laser eye surgery, corneal refractive procedures, anionic cyclosporine emulsion, punctal plugs, corneal epithelium.For citation: Klokova O.A., Damashauskas R.O., Geidenrich M.S. Ocular surface treatment in dry eye patients before corneal refractive surgery. Russian Journal of Clinical Ophthalmology. 2020;20(4):180–186. DOI: 10.32364/2311-7729-2020-20-4-180-186.
Effectiveness and tolerability of the combined use of anti-VEGF agents in clinical practice
Authors:   P.V. Mandryka Military Clinical Hospital, Moscow, Russian Federation, Kuroyedov A.V. ,   Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow, Russian Federation, Gapon’ko O.V. ,   P.V. Mandryka Military Clinical Hospital, Moscow, Russian Federation,   Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow, Russian Federation, Gorodnichiy V.V. ,   P.V. Mandryka Military Clinical Hospital, Moscow, Russian Federation, Kondrakova I.V. ,   P.V. Mandryka Military Clinical Hospital, Moscow, Russian Federation, Sol’nov N.M. ,   P.V. Mandryka Military Clinical Hospital, Moscow, Russian Federation, Fomin N.E. ,   P.V. Mandryka Military Clinical Hospital, Moscow, Russian Federation,   Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow, Russian Federation
Published: November 2020

Aim: to assess the effectiveness and tolerability of anti-VEGF agents, aflibercept (2.0 mg) and ranibizumab (0.5 mg), in the combined treat-ment for wet age-related macular degeneration (AMD) in routine clinical practice.Patients and Methods: 55 patients (65 eyes) with the late stage of wet AMD were divided into two groups. Group 1 included 32 eyes with classic choroidal neovascularization (CNV) and group 2 included 33 eyes with occult CNV. Best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA), intraocular pressure, and retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) thickness were measured. These parameters were compared at different time points during the treatment.Results: overall AMD duration (January 2019) was 36 (19; 47) months being 30 (12; 44) months in group 1 and 36 (23; 48) months in group 2 (р>0.05). The first intravitreal administration of an anti-VEGF drug was performed 7.5 (3.5; 9.5) months after AMD diagnosis in group 1 and 7 (3; 11) months after AMD diagnosis in group 2. Significant differences in intragroup intervals were revealed between various follow-up periods. More differences were identified for the intervals between intravitreal administrations in group 2. Baseline and final BCVA during the entire follow-up which was 29.5 (19.5; 38) months in group 1 and 28 (25; 44) months in group 2 demonstrated neither intragroup nor intergroup differences (р>0.05). Conclusion: our management strategy for wet AMD is somewhat different from conventional guidelines. However, it has no significant impact on visual acuity during the follow-up.Keywords: age-related macular degeneration, anti-VEGF drugs, intravitreal administration, IOP level, aflibercept, ranibizumab.For citation: Kuroyedov A.V., Gapon’ko O.V., Gorodnichiy V.V. et al. Effectiveness and tolerability of the combined use of anti-VEGF agents in clinical practice. Russian Journal of Clinical Ophthalmology. 2020;20(4):209–215. DOI: 10.32364/2311-7729-2020-20-4-209-215.
Vascular endothelial growth factor inhibitors for retinopathy of prematurity
Authors:   Samara State Medical University, Samara, Russian Federation, Zhukova O.V. , Mal’tseva I.A. ,   T.I. Eroshevskiy Samara Regional Clinical Ophthalmological Hospital, Samara, Russian Federation, Zolotarev A.V. ,   Samara State Medical University, Samara, Russian Federation,   T.I. Eroshevskiy Samara Regional Clinical Ophthalmological Hospital, Samara, Russian Federation
Published: November 2020

The article addresses current treatment modalities for threshold retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) and aggressive posterior retinopathy of prematurity (APROP), in particular, intravitreal administration of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) inhibitors. The results of multicenter clinical trials evaluating pegaptanib, bevacizumab, and ranibizumab are discussed. The clinical effect of intravitreal anti-VEGF drugs was compared to the efficacy of laser retinal photocoagulation. In children with ROP, anti-VEGF drugs are equal or even superior to the conventional laser retinal photocoagulation in terms of clinical efficacy. No negative effects of anti-VEGF drugs on ocular tissues or vasculature development in premature children were demonstrated. Moreover, several studies show the potential efficacy of intravitreal anti-VEGF drugs plus avascular zone photocoagulation for APROP. Finally, our experience with intravitreal ranibizumab for threshold ROP and plus disease in a patient who was followed-up for subsequent 9 years is described.Keywords: retinopathy of prematurity, plus disease, aggressive posterior retinopathy of prematurity, anti-VEGF drugs, ranibizumab.For citation: Zhukova O.V., Mal’tseva I.A., Zolotarev A.V. Vascular endothelial growth factor inhibitors for retinopathy of prematurity. Russian Journal of Clinical Ophthalmology. 2020;20(4):216–220. DOI: 10.32364/2311-7729-2020-20-4-216-220.
Isolation and Molecular Characterization of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbon Degrading Bacteria from Effluent Water from Weras River Park, Sri Lanka
Authors:   Centre for Water Quality and Algae Research, Department of Zoology, Faculty of Applied Sciences,  University of Sri Jayewardenepura, Sri Lanka, Prathiba A.A. , Idroos F. Sumaiya ,   Centre for Water Quality and Algae Research, Department of Zoology, Faculty of Applied Sciences,  University of Sri Jayewardenepura, Sri Lanka, Manage Pathmalal M. ,   Centre for Water Quality and Algae Research, Department of Zoology, Faculty of Applied Sciences,  University of Sri Jayewardenepura, Sri Lanka
Published: November 2020

The present study records the detection of PAHs such as naphthalene and anthracene and isolation of PAHs degrading bacteria from a restaurant site, Weras River Park, in Boralesgamuwa, Sri Lanka. Water samples were collected in seven locations of the study area. Water temperature (oC), pH, and electric conductivity (EC) were measured at the site itself using standard meters. Nitrogen nitrate (N-NO3-) and total phosphate (TP) were measured at the laboratory following the standard methods. Following the extraction of PAHs in collected water samples, detection was carried out using the PDA-HPLC diode array method. PAH degrading bacteria were identified using microplate assay. The selected bacteria strains were subjected to degradation kinetic studies following molecular identification by 16S rRNA analysis. Phylogenetic analysis identified Achromobacter spanius as potential naphthalene degrading bacteria, where Alcaligens faecalis was recorded as an anthracene degrader. Degradation study confirmed that A. spanius efficiently degraded naphthalene at the rate of 0.145±0.002 ppm/day, whereas A. faecalis degraded anthracene at the rate of 0.181±0.036 ppm/day, respectively. Degradation of structures of the Naphthalene and Anthracene by A. spanius and A. faecalis was further analyzed by Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR). This is the first record on naphthalene degradation by the bacterium A. spanius.
Pengaruh Terapi Massage Counterpressure Terhadap Nyeri Kala I Pada Ibu Inpartu Di BPS Desa Durjan, Bangkalan
Authors: Budiarti Astrida
Published: November 2020

Proses persalinan dimulai pada saat terjadi kontraksi uterus yang teratur dan progresif serta akan diakhiri dengan keluarnya janin. Massage counterpressure merupakan salah satu terapi non farmakologi, massage counterpressure dapat menimbulkan efek relaksasi dan menurunkan nyeri. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisa pengaruh terapi massage counterpressure terhadap nyeri kala I pada ibu inpartu.Desain penelitian ini adalah quasy eksperiment dengan pendekatan the static group comparism. Sampel dalam penelitian ini adalah 23 responden yang dipilih secara accidental sampling. Instrumen penelitian menggunakan lembar kuisioner dan lembar observasi. Data analisa dengan uji Mann Whitney U-Test.Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa massage counterpressure  berpengaruh terhadap penurunan nyeri kala I pada ibu inpartu. Melalui uji statistik Man Whitney U-Test menunjukkan ada pengaruh yang signifikan ρ = 0,000 (α <0,05). Disimpulkan terapi masssage counterpressure berpengaruh terhadap nyeri kala I pada ibu inpartu.Implikasi penelitian ini adalah massage counterpressure berpengaruh terhadap nyeri kala I, sehingga BPS Desa Durjan, Bangkalan dapat memanfaatkan massage counterpressure dalam ngontrol nyeri kala I.
Application of biochemical typing in veterinary medicine in bee enterobacterioses to determine Klebsiella Pneumoniae
Authors: Galatiuk O. Ye. , Romanishina T. A. , Lakhman A. R. , Behas V. L. , Andriichuk A. M. , Solodka L. О.
Published: November 2020

The article presents laboratory diagnostics (in vitro), namely, identification of pure culture of pathogenic bacteria of Klebsiella Pneumoniae species in case of enterobacteriosis in bees in winter-spring and summer-autumn times. The purpose of the study was the biochemical typification of bacteria of the species Klebsiella Pneumoniae with humane medicine methods, that isolated in the case of dysbacteriosis of bees which have a characteristic symptomatic complex of a decrease in the strength of bee families, which leads to a decrease in the resistance of the bee family, their diarrhea, crawling, and then swarming or death of bees. Contamination of beehive frames and walls of beehive by fecation leads to sharp deterioration of the apiary's veterinary and sanitary condition and significant economic damage for beekeepers. Pure culture of pathogenic bacteria served as an object for experiment. The Family of the bacteria was established earlier – Enterobacteriaceae, and was confirmed by “Zhytomyr Regional State Laboratory of the State Service of Ukraine for Food Safety and Consumer Protection”. Laboratory diagnostics of dysbiosis in bees caused by enterobacteria was performed in such a sequence: 1. Sowing of pathological material taken from sick bees on selective nutrient media for enterobacteria and extraction of pure culture; 2. Microscopy of typical colonies; 3. Determination of bacteria genus; 4. Determination of bacteria motor activity: 5. Urease test; 6. Indole test; 7. Phenyalaalanine test; 8. Study of basic enzymatic properties of bacteria. In a series of laboratory biochemical studies of pure culture microorganisms isolated from mixed culture from diseased bees the isolated bacterial strain belongs to the Family Enterobacteriaceae, Genus Klebsiella, Species Klebsiella pneumoniae. The novelty of the application of the algorithm for determining the species of Klebsiella pneumoniae enterobacteriae allows to diagnose dysbacterioses in winter-spring and summer-autumn times clearly and economically. The isolated Klebsiella pneumoniae bacteria serve as experimental cultures for testing drugs of various directions and actions in laboratory conditions and are kept at the Department of Microbiology, Pharmacology and Epizootology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine of Polissya National University (formerly Zhytomyr National Agroecological University). Further application of complex diagnostics of enterobacteriosis of bees, including methods of biochemical typification, will allow to expand etiological factors of bee family collapse.
Cytology of smears of prints with symptomatic forms of infertility in cows
Authors: Revunets A. S. , Zarembliuk S. B.
Published: November 2020

Many works of domestic and foreign scientists are devoted to the study of etiological factors, pathogenesis, as well as the development of effective methods of diagnosis and therapy for symptomatic infertility of cows, however, insufficient attention is paid to cytological examination of the genital organs.So the goal of our work was to study the cytology of vaginal mucus at the symptomatic form of infertility of cows. The article presents the cytological composition of vaginal mucus from the mucous membrane of the caudal section of the cervix, the lateral surface of the vagina and the dorsal wall of the vaginal vestibule. Research was carried out with 5 groups of cows 4–5 years old cows 6 animals in each, weighing 500–600 kg, with an average productivity of 7500 kg of milk per lactation. The tests were cows were on the 18–24 day after insemination and during the sexual cycle braking, research of the joint course of uterus and hypotension of the ovarian, the presence of persistent corpus luteum and subclinical chronic endometritis, cysts and persistent corpus luteum of the ovarian body. For sub-clinical chronic endometritis, basal cells (32–41 %) are found in wet prep with vaginal mucosa, which are arranged in layers, parabasal (22–6 %) and superficial (5–21 %), but more interstitial (37–66 %), and bare neutrophil nuclei. According to hypofunction of ovaries in vaginal smears, neutrophils, vacuoles in interstitial cell nuclei (44–56 %), basophilic cells (30–43 %), superficial cells (20–21 %), parabasal cells (3–6 %). Basal cell hypofusions were (3–43%), parabasal (3–6 %), interstitial (44–56 %), superficial (20–21 %), and bilateral (12–26 %) (4–5 %) (36–55 %) and (30–33 %). It should be noted that for the functional state of the body, the cells from the cervix are flat. In addition, the drug contains single white blood cells with light cytoplasm without signs of phagocytosis. They are structurally similar to cells of vaginal smear. During the esrtus, the smear is dominated by interstitial and surface cells and white cells, and in the follicular proliferative phase, the number of surface cells increases, while the ovulator phase is characterized by the pronounced maturation of the cells, they are flat and spaced apart.