bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
EFFECT OF R&D ON PRODUCT AND PROCESS INNOVATION IN THE TURKISH MANUFACTURING INDUSTRY
Authors: AKINCI Atakan , VERGİL Hasan
Published: December 2022

R&D activities are an indispensable driving force to increase the likelihood of occurrence of innovation and the growth rate of technology. Studies on the impact of R&D activities on sectors in Türkiye using micro data are still insufficient. To fill this gap, this study aims to analyze the effects of R&D on product and process innovation in the Turkish manufacturing industry by making sub-breakdowns of R&D variables. The research also presents policy recommendations to support R&D plans in Türkiye. To accomplish these objectives, panel data estimation methods are used. A panel data set was generated by merging four different microdata sets provided by TURKSTAT, which is classified by NACE Rev.2 and covers the years between 2009 and 2016. Probit model is used to estimate the effects of R&D expenditure, R&D intensity (as an indicator of R&D investment), R&D personnel ratio (as an indicator of know-how), and other determinants of innovation. Moreover, total R&D expenditure is separated into four breakdowns such as internal, external, external-domestic, and external-foreign. Key findings of the research show that the effects of R&D expenditure on product and process innovations vary by its sub-breakdowns. Total and internal R&D expenditure have positive effect on both product and process innovations while external and external-domestic R&D expenditure have positive effect only on product innovation, and external-foreign R&D expenditure only on process innovation. Only external, external-domestic, and external-foreign R&D intensity have positive effect on both product and process innovation.
Health insurance: Uptake, perception and its determinants among health care seekers at a tertiary care hospital in Lucknow, India
Authors: Saini Arunima , Agarwal Monika , Kumar Amit
Published: December 2022

Health Insurance has come to the forefront of Public Health Policy with the launch of Ayushman Bharat. Government spending on health is dismal compared to other countries, even within the same income bracket, and health insurance is being proposed as the way out. Although health insurance is not a new concept, people are still unfamiliar with it. Hence, the present study was conducted to assess the utilization, awareness and perception regarding health insurance policies in patients attending OPD at a Tertiary Care Hospital.

It was a cross-sectional study carried out among the patients attending the outpatient department of a Tertiary Care Hospital, Lucknow from October 2020 to January 2021. Study participants were interviewed using a semi-structured questionnaire. The data obtained were analyzed using SPSS version 26.

Though the majority (84.3%) of the participants had heard about the existence of health insurance policies, only one-third (33.6%) of the participants were covered under health insurance policy. Inadequate knowledge regarding benefits, low income, preference for other investments, and no felt need were some of the barriers to subscription.

Inadequate knowledge regarding health insurance among health care seekers is a major roadblock in the government's ambitious project of Ayushman Bharat and other health insurance schemes. Emphasis should be given to educating the people regarding their rights and the benefits of health insurance.
Effects on ring wear of bioethanol/diesel fuel blends used at long term endurance tests in a DI engine
Authors: TEMİZER İlker , ARI Ayşegül
Published: December 2022

In this study, the long-term endurance tests were carried out in a diesel engine that used diesel and 90% diesel + 10% bioethanol fuels. The spray and temperature distributions of two different fuels in the AVL FIRE program also were examined. Tribological and morphological analysis of piston rings were investigated in a single-cylinder direct injection diesel engine using two different fuel types. The test engine used two different fuel types and was operated for approximately 110 hours under part engine load. Renewed rings in each fuelled engine operation were analyzed at Energy Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy (EDX) and Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM). Results were also compared with the non-worked piston ring. Analysis results saw that abrasive wear was more intense on the first rings at both fuel types. Examining the effect of biofuels on engine wears, short wear lines were found at engine rings using diesel/bioethanol blend fuel compared to diesel fuel. It was being determined that this situation was a result of combustion parameters (such as pressure, and temperature) created with the different fuels used in diesel engines. As a result, that bioethanol has a content of low carbon (C) compared to diesel fuel, making a positive contribution to the reduction of ring wear.
A new approach for camera supported machine learning algorithms based dynamic headlight model's design
Authors: YAŞAR Şafak , ŞAHİN Mustafa , AKAR Onur
Published: December 2022

Traffic accidents continue to be a significant issue in modern society. Accidents usually happen on dark, mountainous, narrow, steep and curved roadways. One of the primary causes of such accidents is the drivers’ weak sight brought on by the headlights of moving vehicles. In this study, a dynamic headlight model was designed using camera supported machine learning algorithms to improve the drivers’ vision during night drive. In this design, the issues of enabling a lighting field supported by image processing programmed with machine learning, dynamic adjustment of the high beam headlights’ LED cells in response to the vehicle approaching from the opposite direction, traffic-sign recognition system, lane-keeping system, and automatic adjustment of headlight angles were addressed. In this direction, a novel dynamic headlight model that will reduce the risk of accidents caused by lighting was presented, and its analyses were performed.
Prospects for the Invasion of Turkey and Iran against the Kurds of Syria and Iraq (before the End of 2022)
Authors: Vedeneev Ilia
Published: December 2022

The paper focuses on the consideration of the prospects for a direct military invasion by Turkey and Iran against the national movement of the Kurds of Iran and Syria represented by the Syrian Democratic Forces (Syria), and Komala, the Kurdistan Free Life Party and the Democratic Party of Iranian Kurdistan (Iran). The position and role of Russia in resolving the conflict between Turkey and the Syrian Kurds without the use of armed force is also considered. It is concluded that Russia is striving to maintain a balance in relations, on the one hand, with Turkey, and, on the other hand, with the central government of Syria in Damascus. The issue of US interests in Syria is indirectly touched upon. It seems that the interests of Russia and the United States may conflict, and Turkey can take advantage of this. It is concluded that at this stage, a Turkish military invasion of Syrian Kurdistan seems more likely than an Iranian military invasion of Iraqi Kurdistan.
Trash-art in China and Korea: Struggle for the Cultural Heritage — the Case of Porcelain
Authors: Kruglova Maria S.
Published: December 2022

The article discusses examples of trash art created by contemporary Chinese and Korean artists. In view of the environmental and social agenda, contemporary artists often use materials once used for completely different purposes. Chinese and Korean artists are no exception here. The author considers examples of the broken porcelain used to create new art objects created in China and Korea. Beijing-based artist Li Xiaofeng creates wearable dresses from broken porcelain from the Song, Ming, and Qing dynasties, and works with new broken porcelain to create designs with fashion houses such as Lacoste and Alexander McQueen. Korean ceramist Yee Soo Kyung takes broken porcelain to create oddly shaped vases and sculptures using the traditional Japanese kintsugi restoration method. Recycled China creates art panels and functional flowerpots from scrap Jingdezhen porcelain and aluminum. Lei Xue works in a different plane of trash art. The artist creates products from new materials, imitating garbage, for example, crumpled tin cans. At the same time, the author paints his products with patterns traditional for Chinese porcelain. Author concludes that, unlike Western artists concerned about environmental issues, Eastern ones are more often concentrated on the preservation of cultural heritage. They are trying to present old, crashed traditional art objects in a new, more attractive light for modern society needs, as well as to fit objects into the modern social agenda, more precisely, to make them “fashionable”.
Pluralism is not Enough for Tolerance. Philosophical and Psychological Reflections on Pluralism and Tolerance
Authors: Gasser Georg
Published: December 2022

The issue of religious tolerance is increasingly raised in a globalized world with societies becoming more and more religiously diverse and inhomogeneous. Religious tolerance can be defined as the practice of accepting others as acting in accordance with their religious belief system. Philosophers have recently begun to study more thoroughly the relationship between religious pluralism and religious (in)tolerance with a main focus on the epistemic question of whether the recognition of and reflection on religious pluralism might lead to greater religious tolerance. The major thrust of this idea is that any genuine reflection of a person about her epistemic peers adhering to other religions will weaken the person’s epistemic justificatory basis for believing that her own religious beliefs are better warranted than the religious beliefs of her peers.

The rational consequence of the recognition of this justificatory fact, in turn, should lead to more religious tolerance and to a weakened dismissive attitude towards adherents of other religions. The main aim of this paper is to investigate the plausibility of this account against the background of existing empirical, in particular psychological literature: Does increased contact with adherents of other religious traditions indeed lead to more tolerance? How are we able to show a deeper understanding for people with different religious beliefs and to take on—at least partially—their perspective? What are potential psychological obstacles to these achievements? Resources from research on intergroup toleration, social identity-theories, developmental psychology and personality traits will be used for tackling these questions. This shall help to broaden the so far rather narrow epistemic philosophical perspective on religious pluralism and (in)tolerance by embedding it into the larger context of constitutive traits of the human psyche.
A Criticism of Alasdair MacIntyre’s Account of Narrative Identity. A Neuro-philosophical Perspective
Authors: Abedi Renani Ali , Hasanzadeh Saleh , Sarparast Sadat Seyed Ebrahim
Published: December 2022

In MacIntyre’s view, the agent in order to have a consistent identity should be able to narrate a story about her life, which relates the different episodes of her life together. This story should explain the transition between these episodes. This story is based on the notion of the good of human beings. A notion of the good should be present in the agent’s life to give a direction to her life. This integrity forms an identity for the agent. We intend to challenge this narrative view of identity in this paper. We will argue in this paper that though identity is formed in the eye of others, it does not need to be constituted in a unified narrative form, i.e., the agent does not need to place all episodes of her life in narrative order and have a consistent and unified account of her life, which includes her life from birth to death. Rather, shorter-term episodes of time suffice for identity formation. We will appeal to some findings of empirical psychology and neuroscience to support our claim.
Budowa odporności na obecne i przyszłe zagrożenia o charakterze hybrydowym. Rekomendacje dla Polski
Authors: Nowak Tomasz
Published: December 2022

Treści artykułu koncentrują się wokół problemu budowy odporności, która jest istotnym elementem bezpieczeństwa państwa. Stanowi fundament odstraszania i obrony, przez co pozwala na skuteczne przeciwstawienie się zagrożeniom. Celem artykułu była identyfikacja obecnych i przyszłych zagrożeń hybrydowych kreowanych przez Rosję i Białoruś, a także przedstawienie zaleceń i rekomendacji dla Polski w zakresie wzmacniania odporności na te zagrożenia. W świetle zmiany architektury bezpieczeństwa w sąsiedztwie Polski wynikającej z neoimperialnej polityki Rosji i będącej pod jej wpływem Białorusi, podjęta problematyka stanowi wartość dodaną. W procesie badawczym zastosowano ogólne metody poznania naukowego, które opierały się głównie na analizie i krytyce literatury, wnioskowaniu i własnej ocenie faktów.
Wykorzystanie prywatnych przedsiębiorstw militarnych w konfliktach zbrojnych
Authors: Olszewski Piotr
Published: December 2022

W artykule omówiono wykorzystanie Prywatnych Przedsiębiorstw Militarnych (PMC) we współczesnych konfliktach zbrojnych. Ukazano wzrost zapotrzebowania na firmy usługowe tego typu oraz zaprezentowano wzrost ich liczebności w okresie po zakończeniu zimnej wojny. Przedstawiono, kim są pracownicy tych przedsiębiorstw oraz jakie usługi świadczą te firmy. Opisano, dlaczego państwa korzystają z PMC w zastępstwie do klasycznego użycia żołnierzy w działaniach wojennych. Zaprezentowano wybrane przykłady prywatnych przedsiębiorstw militarnych, przedstawiono szeroki zakres świadczonych usług, możliwe specjalizacje wykonywanych działań oraz przytoczono przykłady sprzętu, jakim dysponują. Omówiono możliwe zalety oraz wady korzystania z usług świadczonych przez PMC. Podano także do rozważenia możliwość utworzenia i wykorzystania przedsiębiorstw tego typu w odniesieniu do sytuacji Rzeczypospolitej Polskiej.
Análise dos níveis de escolaridade nos casos de sífilis na gestação e sífilis congênita, no Brasil, 2010-2019
Authors: Correia Daniel Martins , Júnior José Nunes de Oliveira , Soares Maryanne Ferreira , Machado Michael Ferreira
Published: December 2022

Objetivo: Analisar a relação da escolaridade em casos de sífilis na gestação e congênita no Brasil. Métodos: Estudo observacional analítico retrospectivo, utilizando dados secundários do Sistema de Informação de Agravos de Notificação, coletados entre os meses de março e abril de 2021, referente ao período de 2010-2019, tabulados em planilhas do programa Microsoft Excel 2016. No tratamento estatístico, utilizou-se o software Join Point, analisando as tendências em Variações percentuais anuais (Annual Percentage Change) e em Variação percentual anual média (Average Annual Percentage Change). Resultados: No período analisado, as tendências de sífilis na gestação, em mulheres com escolaridade ? 8 anos, apresentou em âmbito nacional e regiões Norte e Nordeste, comportamento significativamente crescentes a partir do Fundamental completo. As regiões Centro-Oeste, Sudeste e Sul apresentaram tendência significativamente crescente nas categorias de escolaridade Médio incompleto e completo, Superior incompleto e completo. Quanto à análise acerca sífilis congênita, há tendências significativamente crescentes nas mães com de 8 anos ou mais de estudo formal no Brasil e nas regiões Nordeste, Centro-oeste, Sudeste e Sul. Acerca da sífilis congênita na região Norte análise estatística aponta às tendências crescentes das categorias de escolaridade Fundamental completo, Médio incompleto e completo, enquanto as categorias Superior incompleto e completo apresentam tendências estacionárias. Conclusões: Tradicionalmente, os casos de sífilis na gestação e sífilis congênita estão associados a baixa escolaridade. Entretanto, o aumento médio da escolaridade da população brasileira e a incidência elevadas dos casos, apontam para a necessidade a reorganização das estratégias de prevenção e controle dessa IST.
Itinerários terapêuticos produzidos por mulheres na busca pelo acesso ao diagnóstico e cuidado no câncer de mama
Authors: Souza Marcio Costa de , Trindade Kamila Freitas , Neves Bruna Pereira , Borges Juliana Costa dos Santos , Souza Jairrose Nascimento , Santos Milene Pereira de Souza
Published: December 2022

Objetivo: mapear o acesso ao diagnóstico e os impactos no cuidado em mulheres com câncer de mama em um serviço de referência estadual no nordeste do Brasil. Métodos: Abordagem qualitativa exploratória, com dados coletados por meio de entrevista a partir de um roteiro semiestruturado. O local escolhido para a coleta dos dados foi um Centro Estadual de Oncologia. A amostra foi composta por 11  participantes, embasando-se na saturação das respostas para a sua composição. A interpretação de dados foi realizada pelo método de análise de conteúdo. Resultados: As entrevistas revelam que a produção do diagnóstico em câncer de mama se inicia por diversos caminhos, um deles é por meio dos mutirões de mamografia, ou seja, através de campanhas focalizadas. Nesse percurso, as mulheres acessam diferentes pontos da rede de atenção, enfrentando as lacunas deixadas pelos serviços de saúde, como o déficit de comunicação e a fragmentação do cuidado. Portanto, é necessário que haja uma interlocução efetiva entre os serviços, visando minimizar os atrasos no diagnóstico e no início da terapêutica, possibilitando, assim, a continuidade da atenção. Conclusões:  O diagnóstico do câncer por muitas vezes ainda é realizado por campanhas de detecção, mas, para tanto, há ainda itinerários produzidos por estas mulheres com muitas barreiras que dificultam o acesso aos resultados. Uma dessas barreiras é a comunicação, a qual se estabelece um obstáculo importante para continuidade do cuidado e consequentemente a resolutividade precoce desta condição de saúde.
A pandemia da COVID-19 expõe crise de gestão no Sistema Único de Saúde?
Authors: Gleriano Josué Souza , Chaves Lucieli Dias Pedreschi , França Raimundo Nonato Cunha de , Ferreira Janise Braga Barros , Forster Aldaísa Cassanho
Published: December 2022

A pandemia da COVID-19 expõe a necessidade de refletir sobre a resposta dos sistemas de saúde. Percebeu-se que em meio à crise sanitária, a gestão em saúde do Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS) recebeu críticas na perspectiva de articular atores e recursos para a garantia da assistência respaldada no direito à saúde. Esse ensaio objetivou refletir acerca de aspectos da gestão do SUS que repercutem no enfrentamento da crise sanitária pela COVID-19. Foi fundamentado na formulação discursiva, considerando referências, pensamentos e posicionamentos dos autores. Aborda-se a composição na formação da agenda de política de saúde, contextualiza aspectos históricos que acompanham a gestão do SUS, nesses mais de trinta anos, e a recente segregação pela gestão nacional das contribuições da academia. Reafirma a importância do planejamento governamental para a programação da organização dos serviços e necessidade de reconhecer os cenários epidemiológicos para a composição da rede de atenção. Explana a participação social na gestão do SUS como espaço legítimo, a luta das entidades da saúde coletiva e da sociedade civil, mas sinaliza aspectos que precisam ser considerados para exercer esse espaço. A pandemia oportuniza a retomada da discussão na possibilidade de fortalecer a pauta em defesa do direito à saúde como bem social.
Association Between Hemoglobin A1C and the Severity of Acute Ischemic Stroke in Sudanese Patients in Omdurman Military Hospital
Authors: Abdalla Elamin Abdelgadir Omer , Mahmoud Saeed Amal , Shadoul Mohamed Farah Abubaker , Elsebty Mohammed Alhassan Ahmed Mohanad , Ahmed Osman Farah Mogahid , Ahmed Abdelhadi Elsayed Abdelhadi , Abdalhafiz Altahir Ahmedelbasheir Awab , Saeed Saad Mahgoub Mahmoud , Khalafalla Mohamed Ahmed Ahmed
Published: December 2022

Background: Hemoglobin A1C (HbA1c) levels are known to be linked to a higher risk of stroke. However, no research data is available on the impact of HbA1C on the severity of acute ischemic stroke in Sudan. Methods: This study is a descriptive, cross-sectional hospital-based study of 40 cases of acute ischemic stroke. Ischemic stroke was confirmed using computed tomography (CT) scan at admission; all subjects’ blood HbA1C levels were also measured. Participants were divided into two subgroups based on HbA1C at admission, good glycemic control (GGC) (<7 HbA1C) and poor glycemic control (PGC) (>7 HbA1C), and neurological impairment was assessed using the National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS). Results: The age distribution of the participants was 45-85 years, with an average age of 63.5±9.2 years with the highest frequency (67.5%) in the age group of 55-75 years. PGC had a statistically significant high HbA1C value of 8.9±1.3 (P=0.000), when compared to GGC subgroups 5.1±0. The association between stroke severity and HbA1C levels on admission in this study was statistically significant (P value=0.005), on admission (78.6%) PGC had moderate to severe stroke (> 18.8 NIHSS) versus (33.3%) that of the GGC (>10.4NIHSS). The frequency of elevated HbA1C levels in patients with acute ischemic stroke was 70% in this study. Conclusion: PGC was shown to be linked to the occurrence of stroke and to its severity.
Women’s Awareness and Beliefs of Breast Cancer at Al-Baha, Saudi Arabia
Authors: SA Hakami Manal
Published: December 2022

Background: Women’s awareness and beliefs about breast cancer in Saudi Arabia were not fully investigated. The aim of this descriptive study was to assess women’s awareness and beliefs toward breast cancer in Al-Baha, Saudi Arabia. Methods: This is a descriptive cross-sectional study; it was conducted among women attending the Women and Child Care Center at Alawi Royal Mall in Alaqiq for mammogram screening of breast cancer. A convenient sampling technique was used; it included women who attended the center in the period from September 2021 to December 2021, and who agreed to participate. The data were collected using a questionnaire consisting of questions on awareness and beliefs toward breast cancer. The data were analyzed using SPSS software. Results: The current study showed that the level of awareness in women was high toward breast cancer general information (42.9%), the meaning of malignancy (54.3%), and ways for detecting breast cancer (42.9%), it was also shown that they had fair awareness on myths related to breast cancer (45.7%), and signs and symptoms of breast cancer (51.4%). The study also showed that the women have a high level of beliefs toward breast cancer health services (48.6%), the ability of breast cancer to be prevalent in some families (45.7%), the ways of breast cancer self-detection (34.3%), and mammogram role in early detection of breast cancer (34.3%). It was found that the occupation of women and women’s level of education significantly improved the awareness in women. It was shown that the occupation of women and their level of education were significantly related to the level of beliefs toward breast cancer (21.4%) compared to 16.7% for women working in the private sectors. Conclusion: Women in Al-Baha have a high level of awareness and beliefs about breast cancer. The occupation of women and women’s level of education are associated with a high level of awareness and beliefs toward breast cancer.
Histopathologic Pattern of Thyroid Disease in 1351 Thyroidectomy Patients
Authors: Hussein A. El Shallaly Gamal Eldin , A. B. Ibrahim Babiker , M. E. Salih Modather , M. I. Elhajahmed Mohamed , F. E. Mohammed Mohammed , O. M. Daffalla Reem , E. H. Yassin Ruaa , M. M. Ahmed Rayan
Published: December 2022

BackgroundThyroid disease poses a major clinical problem. Knowledge of the pattern and distribution of thyroid disease is important to establish prevention and treatment protocols. This is hampered by lack of data.MethodsThis is a retrospective descriptive study of histopathology reports on thyroid tissue surgically excised from patients over a 10-year-period (from 2009-2020) at a major teaching hospital. Demographic data on patients included the age, gender, geographical location and ethnic origin.Results A total of 1351 histopathological reports on thyroid patients were studied. Twenty one patients (1.6%) had thyroglossal cysts and 1330 patients (98.4%) had goiters. The mean age was 40.6 years (SD±13.25), (range 11-85years). The majority (88%) were females Most of our patients come from Khartoum (76.3%), followed by White Nile (6.4%), and El Gazira states (4.5%). The commonest ethnic groups affected were the Nuba (11.6%) and Jaalin (8%). The majority of patients (85%) had benign thyroid diseases, and only (15%) had neoplastic disease. Simple multinodular goiter (SMNG) accounted for (78.6%) of benign thyroid disease. Follicular adenoma was the commonest benign neoplasm (98%), whereas papillary carcinoma was the commonest malignant tumour (44.9%), followed by follicular carcinoma and Hurthle cell tumours (43.9%). Medullary and anaplastic carcinomas each accounted for (4.1%) of patients.Conclusions The study identified the histopathological pattern of thyroid disease. SMNG was the commonest benign disease. Follicular and Hurtle cell carcinoma combined were almost as frequent as papillary carcinoma. Prevention of SMNG by iodinization, early detection of thyroid neoplasms, and studies on goitrogens should be activated.
Nursing Students’ Satisfaction with Online Learning Experiences During Covid-19 Pandemic at Albaha University, Saudi Arabia
Authors: A. M. Ahmed Waled
Published: December 2022

Background: The teaching process in universities had faced several challenges during the COVID-19 pandemic. As most universities have shifted to online learning, this study aimed to assess nursing students’ satisfaction with online learning during the pandemic. Methods: This is a descriptive cross-sectional study; it was conducted among nursing students during the COVID-19 pandemic. The authors used an adopted online questionnaire to assess students’ satisfaction. The data were analyzed by SPSS software. Results: The study found that nursing students age was mainly between 22-24 years (78.9%), both male (46.1%) and female (53.9%) students. The nursing students’ satisfaction with online learning during COVID-19 was moderate (23.68%) to high (64.47%). A significant relationship was observed between students age and sex with satisfaction levels in online learning with a p-value less than 0.05. Conclusions: The study showed that the nursing students were satisfied with an online learning experience. Female students and those who are between 22-24 years have significantly higher levels of satisfaction.
Editorial – How To Avoid Plagiarism
Authors: Altayb Abduelbagi
Published: December 2022

This is an Editorial and does not have an abstract. Please download the PDF or view the article HTML.
Hryhorii Skovoroda’s Socratic Dialogue in the Context of Modern Philosophy
Authors: Yermolenko Anatolii
Published: December 2022

This article explores the creative work of Hryhorii Savych Skovoroda from the standpoint of the leading trends in contemporary philosophic thought: a communicative turn in philosophy, neo-Socratic dialogue, and ethics of discourse. Skovoroda’s philosophy is interpreted not only in line with the ‘know yourself’ principle as a method of cognition, but, first of all, within the Socratic dialogue dimension when the methods of maieutics and elentics are used for joint searching for truth and solving moral problems. Skovoroda did not reduce philosophy to life, but he raised life to philosophy; philosophy itself was his life and in the first place, it was the practical philosophy of dialogue. Socratic dialogue appears in the practices of communication with people, in particular in the wandering habitus of the thinker. Wandering is an important element of his philosophy, his life, and his habitus. The wandering nature of Skovoroda’s habitus takes his dialogues beyond epistemology bringing the dialogue into a practical, or rather moral and practical plane. As an educator, Skovoroda draws on the Ukrainian culture habitus and practices and transcends this habitus and thus elevating it to the habitus of reason. This paper asserts the idea of the need and necessity to develop and to practice the neo-Skovoroda’s dialogue as a component of the global trend of dialogic civilization development.
The Motive of Discrepancy in Hryhorii Skovoroda’s Works
Authors: Petrenko-Tseunova Olha
Published: December 2022

The article explores the discrepancy of the form and the content as a philosophical, moral and axiological problem in the works of Hryhorii Skovoroda. Using the phenomenological reading and structural analysis, the author investigates the interaction between the form and the content in treatises, soliloquies, poems, and letters of Skovoroda. The intellectual and aesthetic background of the Baroque epoch to a large extent explains why this motive of discrepancy occupies a prominent place among the writings of the Ukrainian philosopher. The article analyzes the main plots, in which the discrepancy is revealed: vocation against non-congenial work; a real friend and a flunkey; the truth and a false thing; and the heavenly and an earthly city. After considering all these aspects and other crucial issues, it is concluded what makes the problem of discrepancy an invariant motive in the works of Hryhorii Skovoroda.
Greek Content in the Work of Hryhorii Skovoroda: Intertextual Dimensions or Artistic Bilingualism of the Author?
Authors: Snigovska Oksana
Published: December 2022

The purpose of the article is to raise a question on reasons for the availability of Greek content in the work of the great Ukrainian thinker Hryhorii Skovoroda and on the functions of bi-/ multilingualism of his texts. The relevance of the study is based on the contradiction between the objective need to reveal the phenomenon of artistic bilingualism and the features of his polycode text caused by verbal and cogitative activity of his creative bilingual personality. The author of the article concludes that the emergence of texts of bi-/polylingual personalities is preceded by a change in their worldview and the formation of a new culture and language space. Thus, the implementation of the linguistic and worldview approaches of Hryhorii Skovoroda is based on the old Ukrainian literary and written tradition of the late 16th–18th centuries, guarded within the walls of the Kyiv-Mohyla Academy. Exploring the artistic models of the writer’s world, the researcher focuses on the definition of intertextual connections, in particular on the fact of intertextuality. In the article the phenomenon of bilingualism is discussed contextually and correlates with the problem of intercultural contacts and influences.
Retranslating Skovoroda’s Conversation on Happiness into English: Language and Cultural Challenges
Authors: Moiseyenko Olena , Mazin Dmytro
Published: December 2022

The article focuses on Hryhorii Skovoroda’s philosophical dialogue dedicated to the nature of human and happiness as a bright example of a harmonious fusion of philosophical ideas and individual style. A comparative analysis based on a hermeneutic approach helped to assess the equivalency in representing the lexical, syntactical, and emotional levels of the reconstructed Ukrainian version of Skovoroda’s dialogue via English translation, and thus contribute to clarifying the reliable strategies of translating a chronologically remote text of philosophical discourse. The research stresses the importance for a translator of philosophical works of Hryhorii Skovoroda to thoroughly consider the contextual meaning, inseparability of the concepts and style, and unique syntactic and emotive patterns of the source text conflating explicit and implicit semantics. In addition to deep understanding by translators of key philosophical terms, charged with contextual connotations, an equivalent translation of philosophic texts also demands sufficient knowledge of the related historical, cultural, and linguistic background to ensure a comprehensive perception of the intended senses and vectors of the mental activity by a reader.
The Influence of Financial Soundness on Financial Performance in the Banking Sector Listed on the IDX
Authors: UMUTONI Olive , Narayan Singh Satyendra
Published: December 2022

This research examined the effect of incentives to employee performance in private sectors in Rwanda, a case of SPEDAG Interfreight Rwanda Ltd. This research achieved the following objectives: To analyze practices of motivation factors at SPEDAG Interfreight Rwanda Ltd; To explore the employees’ performance at SPEDAG Interfreight Rwanda Ltd and To establish the relationship between incentives factors and employee performance in private sectors. The research also compared two variables which are independent and dependent variables. This study was designed as a case of SPEDAG Interfreight Rwanda Ltd using survey method; a case study was described as “examining the effect of incentives to employee performance in private sectors in Rwanda” assuming that the researcher acquired knowledge regarding the subject under review from in-depth exploration of the study. Qualitative analysis was used to carefully observe the whole situation. All the respondents from the population of SPEDAG Interfreight Rwanda Ltd responded to research questionnaires. The researcher used questionnaires to collect data, as far as this study was concerned, the population comprised employees of SPEDAG Interfreight Rwanda Ltd in different departments targeting 430 employees to describe target population of a study as the point of focus from which a generalization was made regarding the research findings. Thus, a sample size of 81 employees as respondents were considered from total population of 430 people. Researcher used primary and secondary data to get all information needed in this study, the quantitative data was analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics after running the data collected through the Statistical Package for Social Sciences. Based on the results from chapter four, the study concluded there is significant impact of motivation factors on employee performance at Spedag Interfreight Rwanda Ltd. From the result obtained, the study shows that compensation has an impact on employee
Derechos Humanos y protesta social: una relación compleja y necesaria. Introducción al monográfico
Authors: Aguirre Mariano
Published: December 2022

La protesta social ha estado presente en la vida política de más de un centenar de países  en los últimos 20 años. En este número monográfico del Deusto Journal of Human Rights se analizan las relaciones entre derechos humanos y protesta, con especial atención a los de segunda generación, derechos humanos y violencia, y los mecanismos con que cuentan estados y sociedades civiles para gestionar las demandas de cambio social.  Tomando en particular el caso de América Latina se analizan diversas formas de protesta y múltiples dilemas que generan. Así también, se presentan casos específicos de protestas de familiares de presos políticos en Egipto, la protesta ante el ascenso de la ultraderecha en Estados Unidos y la protesta transgeneracional en Argentina frente a los desaparecidos por la dictadura militar de 1976.
Hinton, Elizabeth. 2021. America on Fire. Police Violence, Black Rebellion and the Fracturing of a Nation. Londres: William Collins Books. 396 p.
Authors: González Bustelo Mabel
Published: December 2022

El movimiento actual por la justicia racial en Estados Unidos se construye sobre una larga tradición y sus prácticas de protesta militante y no violenta que incorporan elementos de la acción directa usada por el movimiento por los derechos civiles y de las críticas al racismo sistémico que se asocian a los movimientos del Poder Negro. Al frente de esta nueva generación está Black Lives Matter, creado en 2013.  El movimiento contra la desigualdad  y el supremacismo blanco es de resistencia y no solamente de igualdad de derechos.
The role of protests on the journey to a politics without violence
Authors: Pearce Jenny , Garzón Vallejo Iván
Published: December 2022

This article explores the relationship between protest, violence and the possibility of a politics without violence. It argues that protest is not only a valid but also a necessary vehicle for the journey towards a politics without violence. Nevertheless, violence can emerge within protests as well as in response to them. The article will propose a thinking tool for understanding violence as a phenomenon with multiple expressions. It discusses movements to de-sanction violence and the research that has highlighted the role of non-violent protest, constructive nonviolent action and civil resistance in the history of social change. It will reflect on recent data bases which record the rise in protests in recent years and the role of violence within them. Finally, it will take the social protests in Chile and Colombia in 2019 and 2021, where although violence erupted mainly as vandalism and looting, with severe violent police responses, both protests, we argue, contributed to delineating a politics without violence through generating intermediation channels between the demands of the street and the institutional mechanisms for processing social change.

Received: 07 August 2022 Accepted: 28 November 2022
Abuelas de Plaza de Mayo y la búsqueda de los niños apropiados: repertorios de acción y estrategias políticas en dictadura y democracia
Authors: Laino Sanchis Fabricio
Published: December 2022

En este artículo nos proponemos abordar los orígenes y el desarrollo histórico del activismo de Abuelas de Plaza de Mayo, organización argentina de defensa de los derechos humanos que brega por la localización, identificación y restitución a sus familias biológicas de los niños y las niñas apropiadas por las Fuerzas Armadas y de Seguridad durante la última dictadura en ese país. Nos detendremos en la conformación histórica de la organización, primero como un grupo dentro de Madres de Plaza de Mayo y luego como una asociación independiente. Analizaremos las tácticas y el repertorio de acción que sus integrantes desplegaron durante la vigencia del régimen militar para buscar a sus nietos y nietas e instalar la denuncia de su desaparición, a nivel nacional e internacional. Por último, abordaremos cómo fue cambiando el repertorio de acción y discursivo de la organización desde la posdictadura hasta los años 2000.

Recibido: 05 septiembre 2022 Aceptado: 12 noviembre 2022
La influencia de la competición geopolítica internacional en la formación del capitalismo
Authors: Vidal Pérez Esteban
Published: December 2022

Este artículo aborda la formación del capitalismo desde un punto de vista geopolítico. A este respecto comienza con la discusión de las aportaciones más notables en diferentes disciplinas y las diversas teorías sobre los orígenes del capitalismo. El estudio pone de manifiesto la ausencia de un enfoque espacial de esta cuestión y propone una explicación geopolítica. A continuación, el artículo combina diferentes elementos analíticos tomados de la ciencia política, las relaciones internacionales y la historia para examinar el nacimiento del capitalismo. El marco teórico adoptado se basa en el realismo neoclásico para analizar las interacciones entre el sistema internacional y las condiciones internas de las unidades políticas. Este marco se combina con la geopolítica, definida como un conjunto de prácticas presentes en la guerra, la política (nacional e internacional) y la diplomacia. De este modo recurrimos a la geopolítica para explorar cómo las presiones de la estructura de poder internacional alteraron la esfera doméstica con una nueva organización del espacio para movilizar y extraer más recursos para afrontar con éxito los desafíos externos. La guerra fue la actividad que impulsó este proceso y facilitó la formación del capitalismo que aumentó la riqueza disponible y permitió al Estado apuntalar su poder militar en la política mundial.
Pertinencia de la observancia en investigación social
Authors: Davila Legerén Andrés
Published: December 2022

Cuentos y cuentas. A través de la elección de estos términos quizá no se trasluzca cuál pueda ser el grado de pertinencia de la observancia para una investigación social hoy en día. Al fin y al cabo, los cuentos se identifican con el acto y resultado de referir un suceso verdadero o fabuloso (en forma de relato), mientras que las cuentas se asocian con el de numerar cosas considerándolas en cuanto unidades homogéneas (como las de un ábaco o collar).
Qualidade do ar interno em veículo não climatizado do transporte coletivo de Cuiabá – MT
Authors: Souza Roberta Daniela de , Zangeski Novais Jonathan Willian , Moura Santos Flávia Maria de , Souza Marcelo Dias de , Souza Pacheco Hoki Vanusa de
Published: December 2022

O estudo acerca da qualidade do ar no interior de ambientes tem se intensificado nas últimas décadas frente a preocupação da exposição humana à agentes físicos, químicos ou biológicos presentes nos ambientes, além dos possíveis efeitos deletérios a saúde de seus ocupantes.  Assim, este estudo teve como objetivo avaliar a qualidade do ar no interior do ônibus, não climatizado, do transporte coletivo de Cuiabá capital do estado de Mato Grosso. Para tanto, monitorou-se as concentrações de dióxido de carbono (CO2) em três pontos predefinidos nos horários matutino, vespertino e noturno em três dias úteis consecutivos no mês de agosto (seco) de 2018 e no mês de fevereiro (chuvoso) de 2019. Os resultados foram comparados aos valores de referência descritos na Resolução ANVISA  n°09/2003. Nos resultados, de um total de 18 (dezoito) coletas, o limite máximo normatizado de 1000 ppm para as concentrações de CO2, foi ultrapassado uma vez e registrado no P1 (1082 ppm) horário matutino do período seco, porém, em outras três coletas foram identificadas altas concentrações, sendo no P2 (989 ppm) horário noturno período seco, os demais registros foram no período chuvoso, P3 (906 ppm) horário vespertino e P2 (950 ppm) no horário noturno. É possível inferir que as concentrações CO2 apesar de estarem em consonância ao limite normatizado pela RE/ ANVISA  n°09/2003, em três amostragens foram registrados valores superiores a 900 ppm, não descartando indícios da ineficiência do sistema de ventilação em relação a diluição das concentrações de poluentes no interior do veículo.
SLI czy DLD? Zmiany w terminologii zaburzeń mowy o niejednoznacznej etiologii w kontekście polskiego prawa oświatowego
Authors: Gacka Ewa
Published: December 2022

Artykuł poświęcono zaburzeniom mowy o niejasnej/niejednoznacznej przyczynie. W lite­raturze przedmiotu funkcjonuje wiele określeń tego typu zaburzeń komunikacji językowej. Jednym z nich jest SLI (specyficzne zaburzenie rozwoju językowego). Zgodnie z ustaleniami międzynarodowych ekspertów zaleca się odejście od terminu SLI na rzecz DLD (rozwojowe zaburzenie językowe/języka). W artykule zaprezentowano przesłanki leżące u podstaw ta­kiego rozwiązania. Jednocześnie omówiono konsekwencje braku w polskim prawie oświa­towym terminów określających zaburzenia mowy występujące bez wyraźnej przyczyny.
DLD (SLI) a ASD w kontekście logopedycznej diagnozy różnicowej
Authors: Sadowska Elżbieta
Published: December 2022

Zmiany w terminologii ujęte w największych systemach klasyfikacyjnych oraz najnowsze wyniki badań dotyczących językowego funkcjonowania osób z DLD (SLI) oraz ASD wska­zują na konieczność rewizji logopedycznej diagnozy różnicowej oraz terminologii używanej do opisu tych zaburzeń. W prezentowanym artykule przedstawiono zarówno historyczne spojrzenia na SLI i autyzm, jak i współczesne ujęcia oraz nowe terminy (DLD i ASD). Wska­zano również, jakie zmiany zaistniały w sposobie definiowania tych zaburzeń w ostatnich latach.
75th Anniversary of the Department for Socio-Economic Geography of the North Caucasian Federal University
Authors: Belozerov Vitaliy
Published: December 2022

In 2022, the Department of Socio-Economic Geography of the North Caucasus Federal University (NCFU) celebrated its 75th anniversary. For 75 years, the Department of Socio-Economic Geography has gone through a unique path of development which was accompanied by repeated changes in its name, expansion of the range of educational tasks, updating the topics of scientific research, steady growth of the scientific potential of the staff and expansion of scientific ties with Russian and foreign scientific centers. Such a trend in development is aimed at forming a team capable of performing important functions and tasks of the university department.
The Impact of COVID-19 on Tajik Migrants in the Russian Labour Market
Authors: Ryazantsev Sergey , Kasymov Osim , Vazirov Zafar , Garibova Farzona
Published: December 2022

The article examines the plight of Tajik labour migrants stranded during the COVID-19 pandemic in the Russian Federation. The study is based on statistical data and two opinion polls conducted by a research team from the Institute for Demographic Research FCTAS RAS in April 2020 and January 2021. The results of the study showed the key problems faced by Tajik migrants in Russia during the COVID-19 pandemic. According to the survey, Tajik temporary labor migrants faced social and economic difficulties during the pandemic in Russia. The restrictive measures have significantly complicated the situation for them. Many were unable to leave Russia before the borders were closed. During the lockdown they lost their jobs and livelihhods. The loss of a job led to problems both for the migrants who remained in Russia, and for their families in Tajikistan, who could not receive remittances. Also, many labor migrants faced additional health risks due to poor hygiene facilities in their dwellings. A significant part of migrants reported difficulties when trying to get medical health, make a COVID test or get a vaccine. However, labor migrants from Tajikistan, who initially lost income during the lockdown in April – May 2020, were gradually able to adapt to the new socio-economic conditions and restore their monetary income, continuing to provide assistance to their families in their homeland. In conclusion, recommendations on rendering assistance to Tajik migrants who have found themselves in a difficult situation abroad are offered. In the authors’ opinion, the assistance should be provided both in political, socio-economic and medical spheres.
Obraz cholery v české populární literatuře počátku 20. století
Authors: Tichý Martin , Cindlerová Jana
Published: December 2022

This paper focuses on the refl ection of the cholera outbreak in Eastern and Central Europe after 1907, as observable in Czech media, especially popular literature. The discourse of cholera is a discourse of panic. The newspapers described the disease and its symptoms in great detail, but at the same time aimed to calm the readers down. The panic caused by the outbreak was also a prominent motif in humorous and satirical works. This theme, of course, brought no innovations to the genre, but that does not proclude its impact on readers. The cholera panic was generally ridiculed in such works as it is seen as a disruption of the status quo. Their authors perceived a glaring contrast between an exaggerated fear of disease and the principles of common sense. This common sense should guarantee a rudimental, self-explanatory understanding of the world, and therefore safety amid dangerous threats. The motif of disease serves, predictably, as a means of confirmation of certain stereotypes about the proper ways of living.