bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Comparison of the Efficacy and Safety of Two Cryotherapy Protocols in the Treatment of Common Viral Warts: A Prospective Observational Study
Authors: Muhaidat Jihan M. , Al-qarqaz Firas A. , Alshiyab Diala M. , Alkofahi Hadeel S. , Khader Yousef , Ababneh Mawaddah Y.
Published: July 2020

Background. Cryotherapy (freezing by liquid nitrogen) is an effective and widely used method for treatment of common warts. Patients often need multiple sessions at variable intervals. Protocols used by different dermatologists vary in terms of freezing time, the number of cycles, and the intervals between sessions. Aim. To compare the efficacy (cure rates) and safety (complications, early and late) of two cryotherapy treatment protocols for common viral warts. Method. A prospective observational study was conducted; it involved 80 patients with common warts on the hands and feet who were treated with cryotherapy done by two dermatologists who use different protocols; group 1 (45 patients) were treated by a single cycle of 10 seconds of freezing at 2 weekly intervals, and group 2 (35 patients) received a single cycle of 20 seconds of freezing at 4-weeks intervals. The two protocols were compared in terms of cure rate and complications 1-2 months after the final treatment. Recurrence rate and late complications were assessed at 9–12 months after the final treatment. Results. Group 1 patients achieved higher cure rate than group 2, 77.8% and 54.3%, respectively (P=0.001). Early (blistering) and late complications (dyspigmentation and scarring) were comparable in both groups. Pain score associated with protocol 1 (5.2/10) was less than protocol 2 (6.4/10) (P=0.004). Recurrence rate (17%) was comparable in both groups. Association between cure rate and duration of warts (P=0.022) and also association between cure rate and the mean number of warts (P=0.001) were demonstrated. Conclusions. Cryotherapy is an effective and safe treatment for common viral warts of hands and feet. The impact of shorter intervals on cure rate was more significant than increasing freezing time with longer intervals between freezing sessions. The study was approved by the local IRB committee (285-2018).
Clinical Implications of Bifurcation Angles in Left Main Bifurcation Intervention Using a Two-Stent Technique
Authors: Ki You-Jeong , Jung Ji Hyun , Han Jung-Kyu , Hong Sukkeun , Cho Jang Hyun , Gwon Hyeon-Cheol , Lee Sung Yun , Rhew Jay Young , Chae Jei Keon , Chae In-Ho , Yang Han-Mo , Park Kyung Woo , Kang Hyun-Jae , Koo Bon-Kwon , Kim Hyo-Soo
Published: July 2020

Objectives. The aim of this study was to assess the clinical impact of 3 bifurcation angles in left main (LM) bifurcation treated with the 2-stent technique.Background. Data are limited regarding the impact of bifurcation angles after LM percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI).Methods. Using patient-level 4 multicenter registries in Korea, 462 patients undergoing LM bifurcation PCI with the 2-stent technique were identified (181 crush, 167 T-stenting; 63% 1stgeneration drug-eluting stent (DES), 37% 2ndgeneration DES). Three bifurcation angles, between the LM and left anterior descending (LAD), the LM and left circumflex (LCX), and the LAD and LCX, were measured. The primary outcome was target lesion failure (TLF), a composite of cardiac death, myocardial infarction, and target lesion revascularization (TLR).Results. In patients treated with the crush technique, the best cutoff value (BCV) to predict TLF was 152° of the LM-LAD angle. In the crush group, a significantly higher TLF rate, mostly driven by TLR, was observed in the LM-LAD angle ≥152° group compared with the <152° group (35.7% vs. 14.6%; adjusted hazard ratio 3.476; 95% confidence interval 1.612–7.492). An LM-LAD angle ≥152° was an independent predictor of TLF. In the T-stenting, no bifurcation angle affected the clinical outcomes.Conclusions. In LM bifurcation PCI using the 2-stent technique, wide LM-LAD angle (≥152°) was associated with a greater risk of TLF in the crush, whereas none of the bifurcation angles affected T-stenting outcomes.
Spectrum Efficiency Optimization for UAV-Based Cognitive Radio Network
Authors: Zhang Hongwei , Da Xinyu , Hu Hang , Ni Lei , Pan Yu
Published: July 2020

Unmanned aerial vehicle- (UAV-) assisted communication has great potential to provide on-demand wireless services and improve the outdoor link throughput. In this paper, a UAV-based cognitive radio network (CRN) is investigated in which the UAV works as a secondary user (SU). Considering the overlay spectrum sensing mode, the UAV can operate on the licensed spectrum bands of primary user (PU) only when PU is idle. In each working frame structure, both sensing time slot and transmission time slot are analysed in radians. Specifically, our objective is to maximize the spectrum efficiency (SE) of the UAV by jointly optimizing the sensing radian and the number of radians. For the single-radian and multiradian schemes, the dichotomy and alternative iterative optimization (AIO) algorithm are proposed to solve the SE optimization problem. Simulation results show that the proposed multiradian cooperative spectrum sensing (CSS) scheme can achieve better performance on ensuring the quality-of-service (QoS) of the PU, and it can significantly enhance the SE of the UAV especially in the severe channel environments.
Helicobacter pylori Oncogenicity: Mechanism, Prevention, and Risk Factors
Authors: Muzaheed
Published: July 2020

Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) is the most common cause of gastric ulcer; however, its association with gastric cancer has been proved through a variety of studies. Importantly, H. pylori infection affects around half of the world’s population leading to a variety of gastric problems and is mostly present in asymptomatic form. Although about 20% of people infected with H. pylori develop preneoplastic gastric lesions in later stages of their life, around 2% of infected individuals develop gastric cancer. Nevertheless, the outcome of H. pylori infection is determined by complex interaction between the host genetics, its environment, and virulence factors of infecting strain. There are several biomarkers/traits of H. pylori that have been linked with the onset of cancer. Among these, presence of certain major virulence factors including cytotoxin-associated gene A (CagA), vacuolating cytotoxin (VacA), and outer inflammatory protein A (OipA) plays a significant role in triggering gastric cancer. These factors of H. pylori make it a potent carcinogen. Therefore, eradication of H. pylori infection has shown positive effects on decreasing the risk of gastric cancer, but this has become a challenge due to the development of antibiotic resistance in H. pylori against the antibiotics of choice. Thus, the unmet need is to develop new and effective treatments for H. pylori infection, considering the antimicrobial resistance in different regions of the world. This review discusses the properties of H. pylori associated with increased risk of gastric cancer, antibiotic resistance pattern, and the possible role of eradication of H. pylori in preventing gastric cancer.
Theanine-Modified Graphene Oxide Composite Films for Neural Stem Cells Proliferation and Differentiation
Authors: Qi Zhiping , Chen Xue , Guo Wenlai , Fu Chuan , Pan Su
Published: July 2020

The central nervous system (CNS) injury has been a worldwide clinical problem for regenerative medicine. Nerve tissue engineering is a new strategy for CNS injury. Among kinds of biomaterials, graphene oxide (GO)-based degradable composite materials are considered to be promising in the field of neurogenesis. In this study, GO and L-theanine (TH) were combined by chemical grafting to prepare a new PLGA/GO-TH composite material. X-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscope (TEM), Fourier-transform infrared spectra (FTIR), contact angle testers, and mechanical testers were performed to obtain characterization of composite materials. The protein adsorption efficiency of the PLGA/GO-TH films was then evaluated. Next, the effect of the composite films on neural stem cell (NSC) survival, proliferation, and differentiation was investigated. Our results indicated that L-theanine was successfully grafted onto GO. PLGA/GO-TH composite film can significantly improve NSC survival, proliferation, and neuronal differentiation. Our results demonstrated that the neurogenesis function of a novel PLGA/GO-TH composite film and its potential as a carrier for the further application in the CNS injury.
Multiobjective Optimization for Pavement Network Maintenance and Rehabilitation Programming: A Case Study in Shanghai, China
Authors: Sun Yufeng , Hu Min , Zhou Wenbo , Xu Wei
Published: July 2020

This study investigates the pavement network maintenance and rehabilitation (M&R) programming problem, over a certain planning horizon and in the context of limited funding. We designed an integer programming model to fulfill three purposes, namely, optimize the road conditions, minimize user disturbance costs, and minimize agency costs. We present a case study in which this model is applied to the pavement network of Shanghai. We investigate the results through the use of five M&R strategies, to identify the Pareto-optimal trade-offs inherent in developing pavement network M&R planning. The results demonstrate that there is a positive relationship between PCI improvement and user disturbance costs and between PCI improvement and agency costs. Additionally, we conduct a comparative analysis between agency and government-oriented strategies to evaluate the effectiveness and equity consideration. The findings suggest that the government-oriented strategy improves the pavement condition effectively with low user disturbance costs, and the agency-oriented strategy accounts for more equity consideration. Finally, we formulate an extension model that considers multiple road types, for application to pavement network M&R programming. The results show that light rehabilitation and preventive maintenance are the most frequently implemented treatments on arterial roads and secondary trunk roads from the case network implementation. This study helps decision-makers identify the trade-offs made when developing a pavement network M&R program.
Deep Learning-Based Cryptanalysis of Lightweight Block Ciphers
Authors: So Jaewoo
Published: July 2020

Most of the traditional cryptanalytic technologies often require a great amount of time, known plaintexts, and memory. This paper proposes a generic cryptanalysis model based on deep learning (DL), where the model tries to find the key of block ciphers from known plaintext-ciphertext pairs. We show the feasibility of the DL-based cryptanalysis by attacking on lightweight block ciphers such as simplified DES, Simon, and Speck. The results show that the DL-based cryptanalysis can successfully recover the key bits when the keyspace is restricted to 64 ASCII characters. The traditional cryptanalysis is generally performed without the keyspace restriction, but only reduced-round variants of Simon and Speck are successfully attacked. Although a text-based key is applied, the proposed DL-based cryptanalysis can successfully break the full rounds of Simon32/64 and Speck32/64. The results indicate that the DL technology can be a useful tool for the cryptanalysis of block ciphers when the keyspace is restricted.
The Improvement of Bioethanol Production by Pentose-Fermenting Yeasts Isolated from Herbal Preparations, the Gut of Dung Beetles, and Marula Wine
Authors: Moremi Mahlatse Ellias , Jansen Van Rensburg Elbert Lukas , La Grange Daniël Coenrad
Published: July 2020

Efficient conversion of pentose sugars to ethanol is important for an economically viable lignocellulosic bioethanol process. Ten yeasts fermenting both D-xylose and L-arabinose were subjected to an adaptation process with L-arabinose as carbon source in a medium containing acetic acid. Four Meyerozyma caribbica-adapted strains were able to ferment L-arabinose to ethanol in the presence of 3 g/L acetic acid at 35°C. Meyerozyma caribbica Mu 2.2f fermented L-arabinose to produce 3.0 g/L ethanol compared to the parental strain with 1.0 g/L ethanol in the absence of acetic acid. The adapted M. caribbica Mu 2.2f strain produced 3.6 and 0.8 g/L ethanol on L-arabinose and D-xylose, respectively, in the presence of acetic acid while the parental strain failed to grow. In a bioreactor, the adapted M. caribbica Mu 2.2f strain produced 5.7 g/L ethanol in the presence of 3 g/L acetic acid with an ethanol yield and productivity of 0.338 g/g and 0.158 g/L/h, respectively, at a KLa value of 3.3 h−1. The adapted strain produced 26.7 g/L L-arabitol with a yield of 0.900 g/g at a KLa value of 4.9 h−1.
Sustainable Approach for Linz‐Donawitz Slag Waste as a Replacement of Cement in Concrete: Mechanical, Microstructural, and Durability Properties
Authors: Palod Richa , Deo S. V. , Ramtekkar G. D.
Published: July 2020

Linz‐Donawitz (LD) slag, solid waste produced during steel manufacture in basic oxygen furnace, is difficult when it comes to handling and disposal and has very limited utilization. To increase its reusability, the suitability of supplanting cement with LD slag in concrete was examined. To study the impact of partially replacing cement with LD slag on strength, microstructure, and durability of concrete, more than 150 samples were cast. The test results reveal that the highest compressive and flexural strengths were attained at 20% LD slag replacement and, beyond that, the strength decreased. The hydration products detected by X‐ray Diffraction (XRD) and Fourier‐transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) were calcium silicate hydrate (C‐S‐H), ettringite, and calcium aluminosilicate hydrate (C‐A‐S‐H). The scanning electron microscope (SEM) images of binary cement concrete showed denser microstructure and lesser voids. The sulphuric acid resistance, electrical resistivity, and carbonation resistance tests done reveal that acceptable durability could be achieved when cement is replaced by LD slag. It is deduced that LD slag can be utilized in partially replacing cement to achieve the desired strength. This research gives another comprehension of simultaneously managing steel industry waste for sustainable development and contributing added advantages to the economy.
Validation of the Combined Model Based on Platelet Count and Albumin to Rule out High‐Risk Varices in Liver Cirrhosis
Authors: Duan Zhihui , Li Li , Li Jinlong , Zhou Shengyun
Published: July 2020

Background. The Baveno VI criteria based on platelet count and liver stiffness, measured by transient elastography (TE), have been proposed to rule out high‐risk varices (HRV) defined as medium or large‐sized varices or the presence of high‐risk stigmata (cherry red spots and red wale marks). However, TE is not available in all hospitals. Recently, the Rete Sicilia Selezione Terapia hepatitis C virus (RESIST‐HCV) criteria recommended that cirrhotic patients with a platelet count > 120000/μL and serum albumin > 36 g/L could avoid esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD) screening for HRV. Aim. We aimed to validate the performance of the RESIST‐HCV criteria in two cohorts predominantly characterized with hepatitis B infection. Methods. Patients with compensated cirrhosis who had blood tests within three months of performing EGD and TE were enrolled retrospectively from two centers. RESIST‐HCV criteria were applied to identify patients who did not require EGD screening. Results. This study included 188 patients from the Xingtai cohort (28 (14.9%) with HRV) and 104 patients from the Beijing cohort (19 (18.3%) with HRV). Of the patients who met the RESIST‐HCV criteria (83 in the Xingtai cohort and 26 in the Beijing cohort), 0 and 1 had HRV, respectively, accounting for 44.1% (Xingtai cohort) and 25% (Beijing cohort) of endoscopies that were unnecessary. In the combined cohort, 109 (37.3%) patients met the RESIST‐HCV criteria, only 1 (0.9%) HRV was missed, and the negative predictive value was 99.1%. Baveno VI and Expanded Baveno VI criteria spared 15.6% and 23.3% of EGDs, respectively, while missing 0% and 4.8% of HRV, respectively. Conclusions. In our population, the combined criteria based on platelet count and serum albumin performed well, saving 30‐40% of EGDs and correctly identifying 99.1% of patients who could safely avoid screening endoscopies for high‐risk varices in compensated cirrhotic patients.
Prognostic Value of Thyroid Hormone FT3 in General Patients Admitted to the Intensive Care Unit
Authors: Guo Jianying , Hong Yanyan , Wang Zhiyong , Li Yukun
Published: July 2020

Low plasma triiodothyronine (T3) concentration indicates nonthyroidal illness syndrome (NTIS), which might be associated with a poor outcome in patients in the intensive care unit (ICU). This study evaluated the relationship between NTIS and prognostic indicators in patients admitted to the ICU and examined the fT3 cut‐off points that could be associated with 28‐day mortality. This prospective observational study included patients admitted to the ICU of The Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University from February to November 2018. The baseline variables and the occurrence of low free T3 (FT3) were collected. The patients were divided into the NTIS (FT3 < 3.28) and non‐NTIS groups. Among 305 patients, 118 (38.7%) were in the NTIS group. FT3 (P < 0.001) and FT4 (P = 0.001) were lower, while the 28‐day mortality rate (P < 0.001) and hospitalization expenses in ICU (P = 0.001) were higher in the NTIS group. The univariable analyses identified NTIS, FT3, free thyroxine/FT3, APACHEII, sequential organ failure score, duration of mechanical ventilation, creatinine, oxygenation index, white blood cells, albumin, age, and brain natriuretic peptide as being associated with 28‐day mortality (all P < 0.05). The cut‐off value of FT3 for 28‐day mortality was 2.88 pmol/L. The 28‐day mortality rate and hospitalization expenses in the ICU were higher in patients with NTIS. NTIS was independently associated with 28‐day mortality.
Coexpression Network Analysis of Genes Related to the Characteristics of Tumor Stemness in Triple‐Negative Breast Cancer
Authors: Suo Huan-dan , Tao Zuo , Zhang Lei , Jin Zi-ning , Li Xiao-ying , Ma Wei , Wang Zhen , Qiu Yue , Jin Feng , Chen Bo , Cao Yu
Published: July 2020

Cancer stem cells (CSCs) are subsets of cells with the ability of self‐renewal and differentiation in neoplasm, which are considered to be related to tumor heterogeneity. It has been reported that CSCs act on tumorigenesis and tumor biology of triple‐negative breast cancer (TNBC). However, the key genes that cause TNBC showing stem cell characteristics are still unclear. We combined the RNA sequencing (RNA‐seq) data from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database and mRNA expression‐based stemness index (mRNAsi) to further analyze mRNAsi with regard to molecular subtypes, tumor depth, and pathological staging characteristics of breast cancer (BC). Secondly, we extract the differential gene expression of tumor vs. normal group and TNBC vs. other subtypes of BC group, respectively, and intersect them to achieve precise results. We used a weighted gene coexpression network analysis (WGCNA) to screen significant gene modules and the functions of selected genes including BIRC5, CDC25A, KIF18B, KIF2C, ORC1, RAD54L, and TPX2 were carried out through gene ontology (GO) functional annotation. The Oncomine, bc‐GenExMiner v4.4, GeneMANIA, Kaplan‐Meier Plotter (KM‐plotter), and GEPIA were used to verify the expression level and functions of key genes. In this study, we found that TNBC had the highest stem cell characteristics in BC compared with other subtypes. The lower the mRNAsi score, the better the overall survival and treatment outcome. Seven key genes of TNBC were screened and functional annotation indicated that there were strong correlations between them, relating to nuclear division, organelle fission, mitotic nuclear division, and other events that determine cell fate. Among these genes, we found four genes that were highly associated with adverse survival events. Seven key genes identified in this study were found to be closely related to the maintenance of TNBC stemness, and the overexpression of four showed earlier recurrence. The overall survival (OS) curves of all key genes between differential expression level crossed at around nine‐year follow‐up, which was consistent with the trend of the OS curve related to mRNAsi. These findings may provide new ideas for screening therapeutic targets in order to depress TNBC stemness.
Fuzzy Modeling for the Dynamics of Alcohol-Related Health Risks with Changing Behaviors via Cultural Beliefs
Authors: Mayengo Maranya M. , Kgosimore Moatlhodi , Chakraverty Snehashish
Published: July 2020

In this paper, we propose and analyze a fuzzy model for the health risk challenges associated with alcoholism. The fuzziness gets into the system by assuming uncertainty condition in the measure of influence of the risky individual and the additional death rate. Specifically, the fuzzy numbers are defined functions of the degree of peer influence of a susceptible individual into drinking behavior. The fuzzy basic risk reproduction number R0f is computed by means of Next-Generation Matrix and analyzed. The analysis of R0f reveals that health risk associated with alcoholism can be effectively controlled by raising the resistance of susceptible individuals and consequently reducing their chances of initiation of drinking behavior. When perceived respectable individuals in the communities are involved in health education campaign, the public awareness about prevailing risks increases rapidly. Consequently, a large population proportion will gain protection from initiation of drinks which would accelerate their health condition into more risky states. In a situation where peer influence is low, the health risks are likely to be reduced by natural factors that provide virtual protection from alcoholism. However, when the perceived most influential people in the community engage in alcoholism behavior, it implies an increase in the force of influence, and as such, the system will be endemic.
Some Valid Generalizations of Boyd and Wong Inequality andψ,ϕ-Weak Contraction in Partially Orderedb−Metric Spaces
Authors: Jamal Noor , Abdeljawad Thabet , Sarwar Muhammad , Mlaiki Nabil , Sumati Kumari Panda
Published: July 2020

In this manuscript, we useψ,ϕ-weak contraction to generalize coincidence point results which are established in the context of partially orderedb-metric spaces. The presented work explicitly generalized some recent results from the existing literature. Examples are also provided to show the authenticity of the established work.
A Study on Common Fixed Point of Joint A;B Generalized Cyclic ϕ−abc Weak Nonexpansive Mappings and Generalized Cyclic abc;r Contractions in Quasi Metric Spaces
Authors: Bakr Sahar Mohamed Ali Abou
Published: July 2020

This manuscript proves the existence of a single common fixed point of two joint A,B generalized cyclic ϕ−abc weak nonexpansive mappings, where A and B are compact sets. The result in particular demonstrated a single fixed point of generalized cyclic ϕ−abc weak nonexpansive mappings, without the assumption of a single contracting point. Additionally, it introduces new types of generalized cyclic abc;r contraction mappings and describes the existence of a single fixed point of them in b-metric spaces. Finally, the presented results establish a simpler convergence theorem for a sequence of generalized cyclic abc;r contraction mappings, extend, and generalize some of the previous reported results.
Metabolomics Analysis of Aspirin's Effects in Human Colon Tissue and Associations with Adenoma Risk
Authors: Barry Elizabeth L. , Fedirko Veronika , Uppal Karan , Ma Chunyu , Liu Ken , Mott Leila A. , Peacock Janet L. , Passarelli Michael N. , Baron John A. , Jones Dean P.
Published: July 2020

Although substantial evidence supports aspirin's efficacy in colorectal cancer chemoprevention, key molecular mechanisms are uncertain. An untargeted metabolomics approach with high-resolution mass spectrometry was used to elucidate metabolic effects of aspirin treatment in human colon tissue. We measured 10,269 metabolic features in normal mucosal biopsies collected at colonoscopy after approximately 3 years of randomized treatment with placebo, 81 or 325 mg/day aspirin from 325 participants in the Aspirin/Folate Polyp Prevention Study. Linear regression was used to identify aspirin-associated metabolic features and network analysis was used to identify pathways and predict metabolite identities. Poisson regression was used to examine metabolic features associations with colorectal adenoma risk. We detected 471 aspirin-associated metabolic features. Aside from the carnitine shuttle, aspirin-associated metabolic pathways were largely distinct for 81 mg aspirin (e.g., pyrimidine metabolism) and 325 mg (e.g., arachidonic acid metabolism). Among aspirin-associated metabolic features, we discovered three that were associated with adenoma risk and could contribute to the chemopreventive effect of aspirin treatment, and which have also previously been associated with colorectal cancer: creatinine, glycerol 3-phosphate, and linoleate. The last two of these are in the glycerophospholipid metabolism pathway, which was associated with 81 mg aspirin treatment and provides precursors for the synthesis of eicosanoids from arachidonic acid upstream of cyclooxygenase inhibition by aspirin. Conversely, carnitine shuttle metabolites were increased with aspirin treatment and associated with increased adenoma risk. Thus, our untargeted metabolomics approach has identified novel metabolites and pathways that may underlie the effects of aspirin during early colorectal carcinogenesis.
Loss of Chromosome Y and Its Potential Applications as Biomarker in Health and Forensic Sciences
Authors: Barros Bela , Morais Mariana , Teixeira Ana Luísa , Medeiros Rui
Published: July 2020

Loss of chromosome Y (LOY) is a mosaic aneuploidy that can be detected mainly in blood samples of male individuals. Usually, LOY occurrence increases with chronological age in healthy men. Moreover, recently LOY has been reported in association with several diseases, such as cancer, where its frequency is even higher. The Y chromosome is one of the shortest chromosomes of the human karyotype, and it is crucial for correct male development. This chromosome has functions beyond the male reproductive system, and loss of its genes or even LOY can have consequences for the male body that are yet to be elucidated. Analyses of the Y chromosome are largely applied in forensic contexts such as paternity testing, ancestry studies, and sexual assault cases, among others. Thus, LOY can be a disadvantage, limiting laboratory methods and result interpretation. However, as an advantage, LOY detection could be used as a biological age biomarker due to its association with the aging process. The potential application of LOY as biomarker highlights the necessity to clarify the molecular mechanism behind its occurrence and its possible applications in both health and forensic studies.
Glucomannan Inhibits Rice Gruel-Induced Increases in Plasma Glucose and Insulin Levels
Authors: Yoshida Akihiro , Kimura Takao , Tsunekawa Katsuhiko , Araki Osamu , Ushiki Kazumi , Ishigaki Hirotaka , Shoho Yoshifumi , Suda Itsumi , Hiramoto Suguru , Murakami Masami
Published: July 2020

Objective: Given the association between diabetes suppression and inhibition of diet-induced elevation in glucose and insulin, we investigated the effects of adding glucomannan to rice gruel on pre- and postprandial glucose and insulin concentrations. Methods: A total of 25 Japanese subjects without a history of diabetes or gastrointestinal disease (all males; aged 37–60 years; body mass index 20.4–31.6) participated in this study. Subjects received a 75-g oral glucose tolerance test (75gOGTT) and rice gruel containing 0, 0.4, or 0.8% of glucomannan. Blood samples were then obtained at preload and at 30, 60, and 120 min after receiving 75 g of glucose or rice gruel with or without glucomannan. Results: After the 75gOGTT, 8 subjects had normal glucose tolerance (NGT), whereas 17 showed a borderline pattern. Moreover, our data showed that greater amounts of glucomannan promoted lesser 30-min postload plasma glucose and insulin levels, with differences being larger in the borderline group than in the NGT group. Conclusions: Glucomannan dose-dependently inhibited the rice gruel-induced increase in 30-min postprandial plasma glucose and insulin levels. Furthermore, greater inhibitory effects on glucose and insulin elevation were observed in the borderline group than in the NGT group.
Sentidos e significados da participação de torcedores violentos de futebol do Rio de Janeiro
Authors: Moura Diego Luz , Santos Marcelo Dos , Antunes Marcelo Moreira , Chan-Vianna Alexandre Jackson , Mélo Roberta Luz , Abrahão Bruno Otávio Lacerda de
Published: July 2020

O tema do artigo é a violência no futebol. A ideia central é compreender as razões e significados que os torcedores violentos atribuem às suas ações dentro e fora dos estádios. Os dados foram produzidos a partir de entrevistas com os próprios torcedores violentos. Foram postos em questão os conceitos de processo civilizatório e o esporte como espaço de reserva da violência controlada. Os resultados apontam para um perfil de torcedores e suas razões de serem violentos que contrariam o senso comum. A participação em uma rede de relacionamentos e a busca da excitação nas brigas ao invés de no jogo de futebol regem a motivação desses torcedores.
Venezuela: entre la ayuda humanitaria y el interés político
Authors: Cavazotti Aires Diogo
Published: July 2020

A través del análisis de fuentes primarias y secundarias, el artículo analiza cómo la influencia política y económica puede interferir en las decisiones de contribuir de manera humanitaria a un país. Aquí analizamos la situación reciente en Venezuela, con millones de ciudadanos que emigran en busca de mejores condiciones de supervivencia. El apoyo económico y político de los aliados, así como el discurso alarmante de los opositores, no resuelven efectivamente la situación de los inmigrantes o refugiados. La situación del país también se aborda en disputas electorales de otras naciones, con un intento de vincular los problemas de la República Bolivariana con los partidos políticos. El estudio analiza la corriente política de Venezuela y el pasado institucional de la república y se aborda cómo la interferencia política define si la ayuda humanitaria se llevará a cabo o no.
Perspectivas desde o Sul Global
Authors: Paula Patrícia Hehs Spencer de
Published: July 2020

Este artigo tem como objetivo realizar um estudo do currículo do Ciclo Comum de Estudos da Universidade Federal da Integração Latino-Americana (UNILA), à luz de uma perspectiva crítico-emancipatória. Ao tomar como base a proposta da Universidade em se voltar para uma integração latino-americana e caribenha, bem como em oferecer uma proposta pedagógica fomentada pela enunciação de conhecimentos que foram historicamente marginalizados pela cultura eurocêntrica, a pesquisa se orienta por articular essa ideia a uma proposta de internacionalização da educação superior, a partir de uma visão contra-hegemônica e descolonial desse processo. A análise curricular do Ciclo Comum de Estudos visa demonstrar e discutir de que maneira esse currículo foi pensado, considerando tanto a questão identitária latino-americana, assim como a internacionalização universitária calcada nos termos da cooperação, da integração e da solidariedade.
Influência da redução da força muscular em idosos nos parâmetros biomecânicos da marcha
Authors: Spinoso Deborah Hebling , Hallal Camilla Zamfollini , Marques Nise Ribeiro , Karuka Aline Harumi , Milanezi Fernanda Cristina , Gonçalves Mauro
Published: July 2020

O objetivo do estudo foi analisar como a diminuição da força muscular dos extensores de joelho afeta o comportamento de variáveis biomecânicas durante a marcha simples e com dupla tarefa. Participaram do estudo 15 jovens (GJ), 14 idosas com força normal (GIN) e 13 idosas com força reduzida (GIR). O nível de força foi determinado pelo torque extensor de joelho, considerando o limiar de 1.5NKg-1. A avaliação biomecânica da marcha foi feita utilizando um sistema de análise 3D com uma plataforma de força. As condições analisadas foram marcha em velocidade de preferência (I), marcha em velocidade de preferência com carga (II), marcha em velocidade de preferência falando ao telefone (III), marcha em velocidade de preferência com obstrução da visão dos pés (IV) e marcha em velocidade de preferência máxima (V). Os resultados mostraram que GIR e GIN apresentaram alterações cinéticas e cinemáticas durante as condições de marcha com dupla tarefa motora e cognitiva em relação ao GJ. Entretanto apenas as variáveis taxa de propulsão e força de reação do solo vertical (p < 0.05) durante as condições de marcha com dupla tarefa foram capazes de diferenciar os grupos de idosos. Dessa maneira podemos concluir que a avaliação da marcha com dupla tarefa é capaz de diferenciar idosos com comprometimento de força muscular. Além disso, a força dos extensores de joelho é determinante dos parâmetros velocidade de marcha e força de reação do solo, sendo assim a fraqueza desse grupo muscular associado às alterações cinemáticas da marcha pode comprometer a execução de um padrão de marcha eficiente e seguro, tanto em condições simples como durante dupla-tarefa, resultando em maior risco de quedas e incapacidade funcional.
Prevalência de baixos níveis de força muscular e fatores associados em adolescentes de uma cidade do sul do Brasil
Authors: Lima Tiago Rodrigues de , Sousa Gabriel Renaldo de , Castro João Antônio Chula de , Silva Diego Augusto Santos
Published: July 2020

A força muscular é necessária para realização de atividades diárias, sendo considerada marcador de saúde global. O objetivo deste estudo foi estimar a prevalência de baixos níveis de força de preensão manual (FPM) em adolescentes e verificar fatores (sociodemográficos, estilo de vida e status de peso) correlatos. A população de escolares da cidade de São José, SC, Brasil, era formada por 5.182 estudantes. Para o presente estudode base escolar e delineamento transversal, 923 adolescentes de 14 a 19 anos de idade foram avaliados. Analisou-se a FPM por meio de dinamometria manual e protocolo proposto pela Sociedade Canadense de Fisiologia do Exercício cujo ponto de corte para baixos níveis de força é ≤ 53,0 kgf para meninas e ≤ 83,0 kgf para meninos. As variáveis independentes analisadas foram idade, escolaridade paterna e materna, rendafamiliar, atividade física, tabagismo, hábitos alimentares e status de peso. Utilizou-se teste T de Student, U de Mann-Whitney e regressão logística binária para estimar as razões de chances e intervalos de confiança de 95%. A prevalência de baixos níveis de FPM foi de 59,7% nas meninas e 66,3% nos meninos. As meninas que não faziam ingestão de bebidas alcoólicas em excesso e eutróficas, e os meninos cujas mães estudaramaté oito anos e de renda baixa foram os subgrupos com maiores chances de baixos níveis de força de FPM. Esforços para aumentar os níveis de FPM devem ser focados nas meninas com status do peso normal e meninos cujas mães têm menor escolaridade e renda. Futuros inquéritos com delineamento longitudinal devem ser propostos para identificar preditores dos baixos níveis de força muscular em adolescentes.
Lúdico e danças circulares
Authors: Farias Jéssica Dimon , Marinho Alcyane
Published: July 2020

Com a implantação da Política Nacional de Humanização, o lúdico tem sido utilizado para possibilitar o desenvolvimento das características defendidas pela mesma. Dentre suas manifestações, estão as danças circulares. Assim, este estudo objetivou investigar as formas de manifestação do lúdico em um Grupo de Danças Circulares em um centro de saúde de Florianópolis (SC), com a reflexão sobre o atendimento ea concepção humanizada de saúde. Trata-se de uma pesquisa descritivo-exploratória que consistiu em três meses de observação sistemática do grupo, registrada por meio de um diário de campo, tendo sido entrevistados três responsáveis pelo mesmo, três integrantes e dois familiares. As entrevistas e as observações foram transcritas na íntegra para o Word e organizadas no software NVivo 11.0, após isso, utilizou-se a técnica de análise de conteúdo para a verificação dos resultados coletados. Os resultados consistiram na significativa melhora de aspectos que compõem à saúde das participantes de forma integral, ou seja, relacionados às questões espirituais, mentais, psicológicas, sociais e físicas, proporcionados pelas danças circulares e pela manifestação do lúdico, presente não somente nas danças, mas também nas atitudes das responsáveis. Os objetivos do grupo foram atingidos, considerando-se um recurso de contribuição singular para ser agregado por profissionais responsáveis pelo cuidado à vida das pessoas.
Da diversão entre amigos ao sonho de carreira no futebol
Authors: Caregnato André Felipe , Souza Doralice Lange de , Gonçalves Carlos Eduardo , Silva Camile , Silva Marcelo Moraes e , Cavichiolli Fernando Renato
Published: July 2020

O artigo procurou investigar a adesão de jovens do sexo masculino da categoria sub-13 no futsal de uma escola da rede particular de ensino e em um clube esportivo da cidade de Curitiba. Os dados foram coletados através de entrevistas com 17 participantes: pais, professor/técnico e alunos/atletas e, também realizadas observações assistemáticas por seis meses nos locais de treinos e jogos das equipes. Nossas principais conclusões são que os alunos da escola jogam futsal porque o jogo acontece entre amigos. No clube, o principal fator de adesão é a expectativa de profissionalização no futebol de campo do mesmo clube, visando recompensa financeira.
Humanised soccer as a pedagogical project for teaching values in school
Authors: Varnier Thaise Ramos , Tavares Otávio , Dos Santos Wagner
Published: July 2020

A review of the academic debate concerning teaching values through physical education provides thoughts to consider regarding the educational potential of sport to promote the attitudinal dimension, with Olympic education as a reference. In addition to this trajectory, we attempt to understand the following question: How are studies pedagogically valuable for the pedagogical practices of physical education, with sportsas their content? The aim of this paper is to analyse pedagogical practices in the school environment, directed towards teaching values through sports, specifically soccer, by physical education teachers. This is a research-training type of descriptive study, which uses two semi-structured interviews and the creation of an autobiographical narrative as sources. By adapting the rules of soccer, the teacher created the “humanisedsport” method. It is concluded that the “humanised sport” method surpasses the limits of a classical Olympic education to meet socio-cultural needs.
Adaptação e propriedades psicométricas da escala da paixão para docentes
Authors: Prates Maria Eloiza Fiorese , Vieira Lenamar Fiorese , Rinaldi Ieda Parra Barbosa
Published: July 2020

Este artigo realiza o processo de adaptação e análise das propriedades psicométricas da versão portuguesa do instrumento Scale of Passion de Vallerand et al.1, para docentes do contexto paranaense, obtida a partir do método de tradução cross-cultural, com base na Teoria do Modelo Dualista da Paixão. Dividindo-se em três fases: (1) adaptação transcultural e validade de conteúdo (N = 27); (2) confiabilidade e validade deconstructo (N = 441); (3) fidedignidade (N = 87) aplicada a docentes de ensino médio e superior de diferentes áreas que lecionam nas regiões norte central e centro ocidental do estado do Paraná. Concluímos que a sua versão com 14 itens mostrou ser uma medida com qualidades psicométricas, indicando ser aplicável aos docentes do contexto paranaense, como um instrumento de avaliação da paixão pela atividade docente.
Validação de construto e consistência interna do IMPRAFE-54 em atletas de basquetebol infantojuvenis
Authors: Saldanha Ricardo Pedrozo , Gonçalves Gabriel Henrique Treter , Barbosa Marcus Levi Lopes , Arsego Nígia Ramalho , Balbinotti Marcos Alencar Abaide , Balbinotti Carlos Adelar Abaide
Published: July 2020

O presente estudo teve por objetivo apresentar novas evidências de validade e precisão do Inventário de Motivos à Prática Regular de Atividades Físicas e/ou Esportivas (IMPRAFE-54) com atletas de basquetebol infanto-juvenis. Participaram do estudo 438 jovens atletas de basquetebol de ambos os sexos, com idades entre 13 e 16 anos, vinculados a instituições esportivas. Foram respondidos dois instrumentos: o Questionário de Identificação e Controle de Variável (QICV) e o Inventário de Motivos à Prática Regular de Atividades Físicas e/ou Esportivas (IMPRAFE-54). Foi realizada uma estimação da estrutura interna do construto segundo os dados disponíveis a título de verificação prévia do modelo segundo os pressupostos teóricos, a qual confirmou o modelo hexadimensional. As seis dimensões apresentaram índices Alpha de Cronbach superiores a 0,86, tratando-se, portanto, de um inventário válido e fidedigno. Para testar se o modelo exploratório se confirma foi calculada a análise fatorial confirmatória ULS (Unweighted Least Squares) e seus resultados (x2 = 4723,807; gl = 1362; p < 0,001; x2/gl = 3,468; GFI = 0,970; AGFI = 0,967; SRMR = 0,0574; NFI = 0,962) se mostraram aceitáveis. Este estudo, portanto, indica que o IMPRAFE-54 é aplicável a uma população específica, no caso jovens atletas de basquetebol participantes de competições institucionalizadas. Estes resultados podem ser particularmente úteis para treinadores e psicólogos do esporte, visto que a partir da análise dos motivos que levam estes indivíduos à prática do basquete, podem planejar de forma mais adequada seus treinamentos e intervenções.
Coordenação do nado borboleta e estágio maturacional de jovens nadadores
Authors: Tosta Joanna De Souza , Ribeiro Aline , Silveira Ricardo Peterson , Franken Marcos , Barroso Renato , Portella Daniel Leite , Barbosa Augusto Carvalho , Castro Flávio Antônio de Souza
Published: July 2020

O objetivo deste estudo foi comparar a coordenação do nado borboleta de jovens nadadores em diferentes estágios maturacionais. Vinte e um nadadores entre 10 e 12 anos de idade divididos em dois grupos, de acordo com o estágio de maturação biológica em que se encontravam (EM2 - n=11 e EM3 - n=10) foram avaliados durante 25 m no nado  borboleta em máxima intensidade. Os indicadores de coordenação entre as ações de braços e pernas, e o desempenho foram obtidos por meio de videogrametria e cronometragem, respectivamente. Resultados: Nadadores do grupo EM3 apresentaram melhores indicadores de coordenação e maior duração relativa das fases propulsivas da pernada. Os resultados apresentados indicam que jovens nadadores deveriam receber especial atenção com relação a indicadores coordenativos do nado borboleta, visando, especificamente, o sincronismo propulsivo entre o início da fase de empurrada da braçada e o início da fase descendente da segunda pernada.
Atividade física no lazer
Authors: Bertuol Cecília , Silva Kelly Samara da , Rech Cassiano Ricardo , Del Duca Giovâni Firpo , Lopes Adair Da Silva , Nahas Markus Vinicius
Published: July 2020

Os objetivos do estudo foram analisar os fatores sociodemográficos e psicossociais associados à prática de atividade física no tempo de lazer (AFTL), e testar a interação entre o gosto e a preferência por atividade física (AF) sobre a prática de AFTL, de acordo com o sexo. Trata-se de um estudo transversal (projeto CompAC 2011) e representativo dos estudantes (15 a 19 anos de idade) do ensino médio das escolas estaduais de Santa Catarina, Brasil (n= 6.529). A variável desfecho foi a realização de alguma AFTL, definida por autorrelato (sim/não). As variáveis de exposição foram fatores sociodemográficos (idade, área de residência, arranjo familiar, turno de estudo, situação ocupacional, renda familiar e escolaridade materna) e psicossociais (gosto e preferência pela prática de AF). Regressão logística binária e o teste de interação de fatores foram realizados. A AFTL esteve associada com o turno de estudo (ORnoturno= 0,59) e a escolaridade materna nos rapazes (ORensino médio= 1,64; ORensino superior= 1,55) e, nas moças, com a idade (OR17 anos= 0,70; OR18 anos= 0,42), o turno de estudo (ORnoturno= 0,57) e a renda familiar (OR≥ 6 salários mínimos= 1,42). O gosto e a preferência também influenciam positivamente a realização da AF em ambos os sexos (rapazes: ORgosta= 4,46; ORprefere= 5,70 e moças: ORgosta= 4,04; ORprefere= 3,10). Por fim, observou-se um efeito sinergista entre os fatores psicossociais, indicando que aumentar essas percepções pode promover maior engajamento em AFTL nessa população. Pode-se concluir que alguns fatores sociodemográficos parecem ter maior relação com a prática de AFTL que outros, e que o gosto e a preferência por AF apresentam associação e interação positiva com a AFTL.
Comparação antropométrica e somatotípica de jovens tenistas a partir da lateralidade
Authors: Krüger Geovane , Lemos Elisa Cristina , Ferreira Lucas Garcia , Lucas Ricardo Dantas de
Published: July 2020

Este estudo teve como objetivo determinar e comparar o perfil antropométrico e somatotípico de jovens tenistas classificados em dois grupos maturacionais. Também foi objetivo comparar as variáveis antropométricas entre os lados dominante e não-dominante, e comparar o perfil somatotípico calculado a partir de medidas obtidas nos lados dominante e não-dominante. A amostra foi composta por 23 jogadores de tênis do sexo masculino com idades entre 11-17 anos. Os participantes foram classificados em dois grupos a partir do cálculo da distância do pico de velocidade de crescimento em estatura (PVE). Os jogadores que apresentaram valor do PVE inferior a 0 foram incluídos ao grupo denominado PRÉPVE (n=9), enquanto os sujeitos com valor maior ou igual à 0 foram classificados como PÓSPVE (n=14). As variáveis antropométricas e os componentes do somatotipo foram calculadas a partir de medidas obtidas em ambos os lados do corpo. Foram observadas assimetrias (diferença significante entre os lados) de diâmetro ósseo de punho e dobra cutânea tricipital no grupo PÓSPVE, assimetrias de diâmetro ósseo de úmero e perímetro de braço contraído em ambos os grupos. O somatotipo médio calculado para o lado dominante do grupo PRÉPVE foi 2,9 – 4,5 – 3,7 e para o lado não-dominante 3,0 – 4,3 – 3,7, ambos classificados como ectomesomorfo. O grupo PÓSPVE para o lado dominante foi classificado como ectomesomorfo (2,8 – 4,4 – 3,5), e o lado não-dominante como mesomorfo-ectomorfo (2,9 – 4,0 – 3,5). Em esportes com predominância unilateral deve-se ter cautela no cálculo do somatotipo a partir dolado direito, como é proposto originalmente, podendo levar a uma interpretação equivocada do perfil somatotípico do atleta, especialmente para aqueles com maturação somática avançada.