bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
ASTRONOMIK VA KOSMOLOGIK SO‘ZLARNING KOMPARATIV-DISKURSIV TAHLILI
Authors: Ramazon BOBOKALONOV  , Feruza RUSTAMOVA
Published: June 2024

Maqolada zamonaviy astronomiya va kosmologiya fanlarining sohaviy terminlari, leksik birliklar, leksik chatishmalar, so‘z va iboralarning lingvomadaniy xususiyatlari hamda mikro va makrosistemasi bilan bog‘liq nazariy masalalar diskurs tahlilga tortilgan.
ATOQLI OT KOMPONENTLI FRAZEOLOGIK BIRLIKLARNING SEMANTIK MAQOMI
Authors: Gulchexra OBRUYEVA
Published: June 2024

Ushbu maqola frazeologik birliklar tarkibidagi atoqli otlarni oʻrganishga bagʻishlangan, shu bilan birga semantik belgilar va tarkibiy qismlarga ega boʻlgan ba’zi frazeologik birliklar batafsil bayon etilgan. Shuningdek, turli kontekstlarda koʻplab misollar keltirilgan.
ФОНЕТИЧЕСКИЙ АСПЕКТ В ПАРАЛИНГВИСТИКЕ
Authors: Malika SOLIYEVA
Published: June 2024

Статья посвящена вопросам звуковых явлений сегментного и суперсегментного харак­тера, которые не включаются в фонологическую систему в ка­честве основных единиц. Анализируя звуковые явления, автор относит их к явлениям ларингализации, фарингализации, глоттализации, которые придают речи парафонетический эффект. Рассматривая суперсегментные ларингальные признаки как шё­пот, нейтральный голос, скрипучий голос, расслабленный го­лос, придыхательный голос, дрожащий голос и жёсткий голос, а также как характеризаторы (смех, плач, шёпот и т.д.), квалификаторы (тип интенсивнос­ти, высота тона и т.д.) и разделители (неязыковые сочетания звуков; необычные звуки и т.д.) автор приводит вывод об отличительных признаках отличающихся в узбекском, русском и английском языках, имеющих социальную и национально-куль­турную специфику.
АНТИБИОТИК ЧУВСТВИТЕЛЬНОСТЬ И АНТИМИКРОБНЫЕ СВОЙСТВА МОЛОЧНОКИСЛЫХ БАКТЕРИЙ РОДА LACTOBACILLUS ВЫДЕЛЕННЫХ ИЗ МОЛОЧНЫХ ПРОДУКТОВ
Authors: Гулнора АБДУЛАХАДОВА  , Нигора ЗУХРИТДИНОВА  , Комола АЗИМОВА
Published: June 2024

Из молочных продуктов сузма, сыр, молоко выделены молочнокислые бактерии принадлежащие к видам L. brevis 6G, L. fermentum 10 G и L. plantarum 5G, P. acidilactici 1G. Отмечено, что штаммы L. brevis 4G и L. plantarum 3G чувствительны к антибиотикам группы Erythromycin и Rifampicin с зоной подавления роста от 30 мм 35 мм. Активное ингибирующее действие оказали штаммы L.fermentum 10G, L.brevis 4G по отношению к St.аureus, E.coli, Pr.mirabilis, C.albicans, C.krusei, C.tropicalis зоны отсутствия роста у которых варьировала от 28 до 40 мм.
OKSIDATIV STRESSDA KALAMUSH JIGARI MITOXONDRIYASI DISFUNKSIYASIGA AYRIM IZOXINOLIN ALKALOIDLARINING TA’SIRINI TAVSIFLASH
Authors: Малика ДЖУМАЕВА  , Иродахон МУХАМЕДИЕВА  , Зулайхо МАМАТОВА,  , Шерзод ЖУРАКУЛОВ  , Маъмуржон ПОЗИЛОВ
Published: June 2024

Ushbu maqolada oksidativ stress (OS) sharoitida kalamush jigari mitoxondriyasining bo‘kishiga va Fe2+/sitrat bilan indutsirlangan lipidlarning perekisli oksidlanishiga (LPO) 1-(4-dimetilaminofenil)-6,7-dimetoksi-1,2,3,4-tetragidroizoxinolin (F-24) va 1-(4-metoksilfenil)-6,7-dimetoksi-1,2,3,4-tetragidroizoxinolin (F-4) izoxinolin alkaloidlarining ta’siri o‘rganilgan. Kalamushlarda OS modeli PbCl2 tuzining sutkada bir marta 10 mg/kg miqdorda peroral yo‘l orqali yuborish bilan chaqirilgan. PbCl2 bilan chaqirilgan OSda kalamush jigari mitoxondriyasining bo‘kishiga va Fe2+/sitratga bog‘liq LPOga F-24 va F-4 izoxinolin alkaloidlari ingibirlovchi ta’sir etdi.
FERULA (FERULA L.) TURKUMINING DORIVOR TURLARI
Authors: Guzal MAJIDOVA
Published: June 2024

Dorivor xususiyatga ega o‘simliklar azal azaldan tabobotda asosiy axamiyat kasb etib kelgan.Iste’mol qilinayotgan xar qanday dori vositasi organizmga o‘z ta’sirini ko‘rsatishi xammamizga ma’lum. Aynan dori vositalarining zararli oqibatlaridan qochish maqsadida xozirgi kunda tabiiy preparatlarga nisbatan talab oshib bormoqda.. Ushbu maqolada Ferula turkumi o‘simliklarining dorivorlik xususiyatlri xaqida fikr yurgizilgan.
NO’XATNING (CICER ARIETINUM L.) MORFO-XO`JALIK BELGILARI VA FUZARIOZ KASALLIGI QO`ZG`ATUVCHISINI (FUSARIUM OXYSPORUM) AJRATIB OLISH
Authors: Sojida MURADOVA  , Ilham AYTENOV  , Tohir BOZOROV
Published: June 2024

Quyidagi maqolada no`xat o`simligining (cicer arietinum l.) morfo-xo`jalik belgilari o`rganilgan, natijalarga ko`ra hosildorlik ko`rsatkichlari bir biriga bog`liq holda umumiy 96 ta o`simlik namunalari ichidan 28 tasi nisbatan yuqori ko`rsatkichga ega ekanligi aniqlandi. Shu bilan birga namunalarda fuzarioz kasallanish holatlari ham o`rganilib, kasallik darajasi baholandi, natijada 12 ta o`simlikda kasallanish belgilari aniqlandi va bu o`rtacha 1.7 ballni tashkil qildi. Dala sharoitida kasallangan o`simliklardan patogen zamburug`lar ajratib olindi, olingan patogen zamburug`lar sekvens natijalariga ko`ra 3 xil Fusarium solani, Fusarium oxysporum, Fusarium fabacearium shtammlari ekanligi aniqlandi.
SAMARQAND VILOYATI SHAROITIDA “RAVOT” VA “MAHSULDOR” LOVIYA NAVLARINING TRANSPIRATSIYA JADALLIGI
Authors: Maftuna NASIMOVA  , Akmal SANAKULOV,  , Zarifa ABDUSALOMOVA,
Published: June 2024

Oʻzbekistonda loviyaning moʻl hosil beruvchi navlari keng maydonlarga ekib kelinmoqda. Ammo bu navlarning koʻpchiligining suvga boʻlgan talabi toʻla oʻrganilgan emas. Shuning uchun ham ularning suv almashinuv xususiyatlarini aniq iqlim sharoitida oʻrganish va natijalardan foydalanish dolzarb muammo hisoblanadi.
ORGANIZMNING IMMUNOLOGIK KO’RSATKICHLARIGA TA’SIR QILUVCHI PROBIOTIK QO’SHIMCHALAR ISHLAB CHIQISHNING NAZARIY ASOSLARI
Authors: Munira TEMIROVA  , Nilufar ELOVA
Published: June 2024

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Bolaning urbanizatsiyalashgan yashash sharoitida mikroorganizmlar bilan aloqalasi kamayishi immun tolerantlikning shakllanishidagi noqisliklarga va allergik va autoimmun kasalliklar soni ortishiga olib keladi. Probiotiklar allergik kasalliklar, xususan, bolalar ekzemasining kechishiga va bronxial astma symptomlarining kamayishiga ijobiy ta`sir ko`rsatadi. Probiotiklardan foydalanish fiziologik bo`lib, ular immun tizimining funktsional yetilishini stimulyatsiyalash ta’siriga ega. Maqolada probiotiklar tug'ma va orttirilgan immunitet reaktsiyasini rag'batlantirishi, sekretor va tizimli IgA sekretsiyasini qo'zg'atishi, T hujayralari javoblarini o'zgartirish orqali fagotsitozni rag'batlantirishi, Th1 javoblarini kuchaytirish va Th2 javoblarini susaytirish orqali Th1 va Th2 faolligining gomeostazini saqlab turishini ko'rsatadigan ko'plab tadqiqotlar tahlili amalga oshirilgan.
«PROBIOKORM» UNIVERSAL OZUQABOP QO‘SHIMCHASI TA’SIRIDA QUYON BOLALARINING O‘SISH VA RIVOJLANISH DINAMIKASI
Authors: Latofat ERKINOVA  , Karim XIDIROV  , Gulbohor ABDULLAYEVA,
Published: June 2024

Ushbu maqolada «ProBioKorm»  universal ozuqabop qo‘shimchasining  quyon bolalarining o‘sish va rivojlanish dinamikasi ta’sirini o‘rganilgan. Tajribalar,  «Rrobiokorm» universal ozuqabop qo‘shimchasi quyon bolalarining tana vazni va rivojlanish dinamikasi barcha davrlarda  samarali ta’sir qilganligini ko‘rsatdi. Olingan natijalar, «ProBioKorm» universal ozuqabop qo‘shimchasi ta’sirida quyonlarning tana vazni, absalyut va kunlik rivojlanish dinamikasi intevsiv rivojlanganligini isbotlaydi.
ВЗАИМОСВЯЗЬ ТЕКТОНИЧЕСКИХ СТРУКТУР И РУДНЫХ ЗОН В ЛЯЙЛЯГУНСКАЯ МИНЕРАЛИЗОВАННАЯ ЗОНЕ МАЛЬГУЗАРСКИХ ГОР
Authors: Abror ABDULLAYEV  , Nizomiddin SOATOV,
Published: June 2024

В настоящее время легко открываемых месторождений Западного Узбекистана, в том числе, в пределах Ляйлягунская минерализованная зоне Мальгузарских гор практически исчерпан, поэтому усилия геологов и геохимиков направлены на поиски новых месторождений и рудопроявлений в отложениях эндогенного оруденение. При проведении поисковых работ большое значение имеет комплекс поисковых методов, подразумевающее минимальный набор методов прогноза и поисков, надежно и в минимальный срок обеспечивающих обнаружение полезного ископаемого. В связи с этим комплексное изучение территории на выявление новых рудопроявлений золота имеет первостепенное значение для укрепления минерально-сырьевой базы Узбекистана.
SHARQIY QALMOQQIR KONINING GEOLOGIK TUZILISHI VA RUDALI JINSLARI
Authors: Dilafro’z ABDUSAMATOVA  , Maftuna SAIDOVA  , Sherobod XUDAYQULOV
Published: June 2024

This article delves into the comprehensive study of the East Kalmakyr deposit, a significant geological and mineral exploration site in Uzbekistan. It outlines the geological structure, stratigraphy, magmatism, tectonics, and mineral composition of the deposit, highlighting its significance in the mining industry for its rich copper and associated metal ores. The research employs a variety of methods including drilling, geochemical analysis, and geostatistical modeling to understand the deposit's complex ore-bearing systems. Key findings reveal the deposit's potential for future exploration and exploitation, emphasizing the economic and strategic importance of the East Kalmakyr deposit in the context of global mineral resources. Recommendations for further research are aimed at enhancing the efficiency of mining operations and environmental management practices.
AMUDARYO HOZIRGI DELTASI TUPROQ QOPLAMI STRUKTURASINING RELYEF ELEMENTLARI BILAN O‘ZARO ALOQADORLIGINI O‘RGANISH
Authors: Otabek JONIYEV
Published: June 2024

Maqolada Amudaryo hozirgi deltasi tuproq qoplami strukturasining relyef elementlari bilan aloqadorligi ilk bor relyef plastikasi usuli asosida tahlil qilindi. Obyektning yirik masshtabli relyef plastikasi kartasi asosida sug‘orilmaydigan hududlar misolida tuproq qoplami strukturasining relyef elementlari bilan birikuvi dala sharoitida tadqiq qilindi. Shu bilan bir qatorda, obyektning relyef plastikasi kartasi asosida “Elementar landshaft” guruhlari ajratildi. So‘ng esa tuproq qoplami strukturasining kichik deltalar misolida (Ko‘hnadaryo-Qozoqdaryo, Oqboshli, Qipchoqdaryo) tartibli o‘zgarishi o‘rganildi. Ayniqsa kichik deltalarning yuqori qismida joylashgan tuproq qoplamining strukturasi asosan kuchsiz sho‘rlangan bo‘lsa, quyi qismida joylashgan tuproqlar kuchli sho‘rlangan bo‘ladi. Tuproq qoplami strukturasining relyef plastikasi usuli asosida tahlil qilish o‘z navbatida bu tuproqlarda ro‘y berayotgan cho‘llanish jarayonini prognoz qilishga ilmiy asos yaratadi.
СЕНИЕ И ЕГО ВОЗДЕЙСТВИЕ НА ИНФРАСТРУКТУРУ ГОРОДА
Authors: Бобур ЗИЁМОВ  , Мирали ТУРАПОВ  , Миршод ГАПУРОВ  , Фаёзиддин ЖЎРАЕВ
Published: June 2024

В работе изложены основные особенности землетрясений. На примере катастрофических землетрясений мира показано число жертв и их последствие. Приводятся данные о Ташкентском землетрясении 26 апреля 1966 года и его влияние на инфраструктуру (здания, дороги) города Ташкента.
ZARQAYNAR INTRUZIVINING BIOTITLI GRANITLARI: TARKIBI, MA’DANDORLIGI VA HOSIL BO‘LISH SHAROITI (JANUBIY NUROTA)
Authors: Xalbay ISHBAYEV  , Anvar SHUKUROV  , Sarvar QODIROV  , Quatbay KOSBERGENOV
Published: June 2024

Zarqaynar intruzivi plitalar to‘qnashuvi (kolliziya) natijasida cho‘kindi-metamorfik jinslar hisobiga hosil bo‘lgan S-turdagi granitoidlardan (kvarsli diorit, granodiorit, biotitli granit va b.) tashkil topgan. Uning aksariyat qismi biotitli granitdan tashkil topgan. Intruzivni o‘rganish natijasida gabbro-diorit, diorit va kvarsli diorit tanalarining murakkab bloklari, granodiorit-adamellitlar, tonalitlar, qo‘sh slyudali granitlar va tomir jinslar ajratilgan. Oxirgisi sinintruziv (granit-aplit, aplit-pegmatit, pegmatit va b.) va mustaqil shimoliy nurota daykali majmuasiga mansub ohak-ishqorloi seriyali dioritli porfirit va spessartit daykalaridan iborat. Spessarti daykalari NEEga boyigan (950 g/t gacha). Zarqaynar intruzivi granitoidlari monsodiorit, monsonit, normal granitlar ketma-ket (gomodrom) qatorini hosil qiladi.
RESPUBLIKA IQTISODIYOTINI RIVOJLANISHIDA KICHIK BIZNES VA XUSUSIY TADBIRKORLIKNI AHAMYATI
Authors: Azizjon QORABOYEV
Published: June 2024

Respublikamiz iqtisodiyotining muhim tarmog‘i bo‘lgan kichik biznesa va xususiy tadbirkorlikni rivojlanish xususiyatlarini o‘rganish va hududiy jihatlariga baho berish. Mavjud bo‘lgan hududiy muammolarni tahlil qilish va ularni bartaraf qilish yo‘llarini nazariy ishlab chiqish.
ШИРИНА ЗАПРЕЩЕННОЙ ЗОНЫ СКРЫТЫХ НАНОКРИСТАЛЛОВ NiSi2, СОЗДАННЫХ В ПРИПОВЕРХНОСТНОЙ ОБЛАСТИ Si
Authors: Алланазар ТАШАТОВ  , Ёкуб ЭРГАШОВ  , Нодира МУСТАФОЕВА
Published: June 2024

В работе имплантацией ионов Ni+ в Si сочетании с отжигом в приповерхностном слое Si на глубине 15-25 nm получены нанокристаллические фазы и слои NiSi2. При D=8∙1016 см-3 формировались нанопленочная гетероструктура типа Si/NiSi2/Si. Впервые оценены ширины запрещенных зон нанокристалических фаз и слоев NiSi2, созданных в приповерхностной области Si. Показано, что при толщинах h<150 Å формируются островковые пленки NiSi2. Ширина запрещенной зоны островков и пленок NiSi2 практически не отличаются друг от друга и составляла ~ 0,6 эВ, а значения r отличаются на несколько порядков.
О СУЩЕСТВОВАНИИ НЕКОТОРЫХ ЛОКАЛЬНЫХ ИНТЕГРАЛОВ В ЗВЕЗДНОЙ ДИНАМИКЕ
Authors: Fazliddin SHAMSHIYEV
Published: June 2024

В работе приводится исследования класс таких потенциалов, для которых движение звезды допускает некоторые локальные интегралы движения. Показано, что линейные или квадратичные по компонентам скорости интегралы, независимые от интеграла энергии, или при наличии вращения интеграла Якоби весьма шире чем истинные интегралы движения. Рассмотрен также специальные случаи существования локального интеграл в трехмерном гравитационном поле.
STUDY OF THE DISTRIBUTION PROFILE OF ION- IMPLANTED IN SILICON AND INFLUENCE THERMAL ANNEALING ON THE STRUCTYRE OF IRON SILICIDES
Authors: Bahrom EGAMBERDIEV  , Amin MALLAEV  , Shohruh SAYFULLOEV
Published: June 2024

The paper presents the results of studies of the distribution profiles of implanted iron atoms in silicon depending on the irradiation dose and annealing temperature by the RBS method. The obtained results confirm similar data obtained by SIMS. The influence of thermal annealing on the distribution of iron and other impurities, in particular oxygen, has been studied. The possibility of using the RBS method for the analysis of the concentration distribution and the interaction of impurities with each other is presented. At the same time, the crystal structure of the surface and the electrophysical properties of ion-doped layers were studied.
Prevalence and Antimicrobial Susceptibility Patterns of Escherichia coli, Salmonella spp. and Citrobacter freundii Isolated from Ready-to-Eat Fresh Vegetables
Authors: Nimmanee Panjaphorn , Paungmoung Porntip , Simarub Chatnapa , Phromrungsawat Nattiya , Yimnongpho Pojnicha , Phuttatate Marisa , Arnamwong Suthinan , Lumlong Patsaraphon , Boonchamchoo Chalinee , Sangchan Poochisa , Champong Thanapron , Teetong Tanpaporn
Published: June 2024

Thai farmers rely on manure-based fertilizers and irrigation water for plant cultivation, which poses a potential risk of bacterial contamination in their vegetables for sale. The objective of this study was to detect the contamination and antimicrobial susceptibility patterns of Escherichia coli, Salmonella spp. and Citrobacter freundii in 80 samples of ready-to-eat vegetables from various food vendors in Bang Phli district, Samut Prakan Province. E. coli was found in 5 (6.25%) of the vegetable samples and C. freundii was found in 15 (18.75%) of the samples, while Salmonella spp. was not detected in any of the vegetable samples. Most E. coli isolates were found in basil samples whereas most of C. freundii were isolated from sprouts. The results of antimicrobial susceptibility tests of both E. coli and C. freundii against 8 antimicrobial agents using the disk diffusion method revealed that the isolates were susceptible to all antimicrobial agents tested. This study highlights the presence of bacterial contamination in ready-to-eat fresh vegetables, which stems from the use of manure fertilizers. This practice could be a significant source of important enteric pathogens, posing substantial health risks to consumers.
Development of a Portable NIR Spectrometer for Detecting Pesticide Residues
Authors: Yaemsuk Natthasak , Yammen Suchart
Published: June 2024

The problem of pesticide residues found in fruits and vegetables that exceed the standard is something that all sectors are interested in solving. The main reason is that farmers, consumers, and relevant authorities do not know the real-time value of the residues. The detection of the pesticide residues is not immediately known since it must have been carried out at the central laboratory, where the received result will also take so long time. To solve this problem, our research team has designed and developed a portable near-infrared (NIR) spectrometer. The developed NIR spectrometer is designed to not only detect the reflected intensity of the residues in the wavelength range from 410 [nm] to 940 [nm] using the AS7265x chipset, but also collect and analyze the normalized spectral signal using the microprocessor ESP32-WROVER-B for detecting each type of the four pesticide residues: Carbendazim, Cypermethrin, Diazinon, and Imidacloprid. From experimental results on forty pesticide residues on basil leaves and chili from the local market in Phitsanulok province, it was conclusively demonstrated that the NIR spectrometer correctly identifies a tested type of the four pesticide residues on the twenty-eight basil leaves and twenty chili, and has more stable, consistent and accurate performance for detecting the pesticide type of the forty residues than the thin-layer chromatography method utilized at the central laboratory. Furthermore, the developed NIR spectrometer exhibits remarkable versatility and the best performance of detecting each type of the four pesticide residues on the twenty-eight basil leaves and twenty-eight chili or the total fifty-six samples as well as a test run repeated 100 times per sample and at seven concentration levels. At the pesticide concentration levels of 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 mg/l, the Accuracy, Precision and Recall values were perfect at 1.00 and standard deviation of zero in all cases. Also, the Accuracy value was greater than 0.98 and both the Precision and Recall values were greater than 0.97 with an overall standard deviation of less than 0.013 when detecting the two pesticide residue types at concentration levels of 0.05 and 0.1 mg/l. Overall, the results showed that the proposed NIR spectrometer  correctly detects pesticide residues in the concentration range from 1 [mg/l] to 5 [mg/l]. As well, the total cost of the tests with the portable NIR spectrometer was about 4,395 Baht. This cost is very reasonable particularly when the price of the proposed portable NIR spectrometer is nearly half that of devices with identical specifications that are sold on the commercial market.
Experimental Investigation of Silver Nanoparticles Dose Response for Larvicidal Activity Against Trichellnolosis In vitro
Authors: Jankong Jaruwan , Aroonrungsawasdi Suphasit , Songsumud Thanit
Published: June 2024

Trichinellosis is a parasitic disease caused by the nematode Trichinella spiralis that affects pigs globally, posing a risk to livestock and to human health. Trichinellosis is acquired by consuming undercooked or raw infected meat containing encysted larvae from pigs and other reservoir hosts. As the disease cannot be effectively treated with known medication, disinfection plays a crucial role in maintaining a healthy, and hygienic environment on farms. Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) have been proposed as an alternative approach due to their ability to inhibit microorganisms. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of AgNPs against T. spiralis larvae. AgNPs were applied at concentrations of 100,200, 300, and 400 ppm for 4, 8, 16, and 24 hr to 45 larvae. The number of deaths was recorded, and the morphology of larvae was examined using H&E staining. The results showed that AgNPs with a size of 132.9 nm were effective against T. spiralis at a concentration of 100 ppm resulting in the lowest number of deaths (5 larvae or 11.11%) at 16 hr, while a concentration of 400 ppm of AgNPs achieved the highest number of deaths (40 larvae or 88.88%) at 24 hr. Additionally, the study revealed degenerative changes affecting the cuticle of AgNPs-treated T. spiralis with the destruction of stichocyte cells in the esophagus and the genital primordium cells which are reproductive cells. The results demonstrate the effective anthelmintic activity of synthesized AgNPs against Trichinella in vitro model, offering a promising alternative treatment for the elimination of the parasite.
WAYS OF USING ORIGINAL MATERIALS IN ADVANCED COURSES OF LANGUAGE FACULTIES
Authors: Hajiyeva Goncha
Published: June 2024

The article talks about the ways of using authentic materials in the upper courses of language faculties. The author of the article points out that the use of authentic materials in the language learning process in the upper courses of language faculties is of great benefit, and these authentic materials help students to familiarize themselves with the language and provide opportunities for students to use it naturally in real-world contexts, including idiomatic expressions, cultural references, and various notes and styles. serve. These functions related to authentic materials show that the inclusion of these materials in the target language classes in the upper courses of language faculties is an important factor in the formation of multicultural identity and one of the main goals of language teaching. The author comes to the conclusion that authentic materials mainly enrich students' vocabulary, develop verbal creativity, linguistic abilities, and improve listening, speaking and pronunciation skills.
FACTORS CHARACTERIZING THE FORMATION OF GENDER STEREOTYPES
Authors: Əliyeva Səxavət
Published: June 2024

The formation of gender stereotypes is a complex process shaped by various factors rooted in cultural, social, and historical contexts. These stereotypes, which encompass preconceived notions and expectations about the behaviors and roles of individuals based on their gender, are influenced by several key factors. Cultural traditions, societal norms, media portrayals, educational practices, and historical legacies all contribute to the creation and perpetuation of gender stereotypes. The interplay of these elements reinforces traditional gender roles, shaping perceptions and expectations about masculinity and femininity.
THE ROLE OF THE FAMILY IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF SELF-CONSCIOUSNESS IN ADOLESCENT CHILDREN
Authors: Əskərova Yeganə
Published: June 2024

If consciousness determines a person’s subjective acquaintance with the surrounding reality, then self-awareness is acquaintance with one’s personality, one’s inner world, in other words, first of all, it is an understanding of knowledge and impressions about oneself. Thanks to self-awareness, a person realizes himself as an individual reality, separate from nature and people. The main content of self-consciousness is reflected in our existence, in the area of our own “I”. The dynamics of the development of self-awareness in adolescence are so clearly noticeable that it is impossible not to mention its role in the formation of a teenager’s personality. The formation of a teenager’s self-awareness begins with his understanding of the moral qualities of his own behavior, character and abilities. As a teenager grows up, he begins to independently analyze and evaluate his personality. While maintaining the independence of their personality, adolescents, on the basis of reflection, form and develop “self-awareness”, “self-image”, “real and ideal self”.
ENTORNOS ALIMENTARIOS: AVANCES Y DESAFÍOS EN INVESTIGACIÓN
Authors: CORVALÁN AGUILAR CAMILA
Published: June 2024

Poor nutrition is currently the leading cause of death and disability in Chile and worldwide. Interventions based solely on behavioral changes have shown limited impact unless accom­panied by changes in individuals’ environments. Food environments are defined as the places and conditions where people access food and make decisions about their diet, including as­pects such as physical and economic availability, promotion, and nutritional content of food. Research on the role of food environments in population health is relatively recent and has primarily focused on developed countries. However, in Chile, relevant information has been generated in the last decade, enabling the formulation of public health promotion policies. In June 2019, the implementation of the Chilean Food Labeling Law was completed, inter­nationally recognized as an innovative policy that integrates improved information actions with restrictions on the promotion of unhealthy foods and measures favoring healthier school environments. Evaluations conducted so far show that the law was successfully implemented and has led to modifications in both consumer behaviors and the food industry, promoting healthier food environments, especially for children. Nevertheless, the mere implementation of this law is insufficient, and it is necessary to continue complementing these actions with others that promote healthier environments to advance in improving the nutrition and health of the entire population.
HUMANISMO MÉDICO. ¿FICCIÓN O PARADIGMA? EL ROL DEL HUMANISMO EN LA FORMACIÓN DEL MÉDICO
Authors: LAS HERAS BONETTO JORGE
Published: June 2024

There is still considerable resistance to accepting that the medical humanities could play an important role as core and integrated provision in an undergraduate medicine curriculum. Sceptics towards this curriculum innovation are usually strong proponents of “evidence-based medicine”, where what count as evidence is constrained by scientific paradigm. Arts practi­tioners and humanities scholars are not used to working within such a paradigm that appears constrictive and theoretical rationales for including the medical humanities in medical edu­cation are generally flimsy. The voiced skepticism of many basic science teachers towards the humanities may contribute to the “empathy decline” from the population to medical physicians around the world, the so called “inhumanity” of the medical doctors. Considering the value of humanities as important for the training of the new generation of professionals requires thinking medicine with the incorporation of arts and other areas of humanities. Supporters of the medical humanities point out that it is in the arena of patient-centered narrative based medicine, rather than population-centered evidence, that the medical humanities play a sig­nificant role. Rifts and tensions exist in the worlds of biomedical science and clinical practice as these apply to medical education. However,the question of impact of medical humanities interventions in medical education should be addressed and critically evaluated.
HOMEOSTASIS DEL OXÍGENO DESDE EL NIVEL DEL MAR A LAS GRANDES ALTITUDES
Authors: LLANOS MANSILLA ANÍBAL J.
Published: June 2024

In the beginning there was no oxygen (O2) on planet Earth, today the atmosphere hosts 21%, after considerable oscillations of it through millions of years. Over time, living organisms evolved by mounting mechanisms to detect and respond to fluctuations in O2 concentration in their internal environment. Oxygen sensors in the carotid body, and the HIF system in all cells, play a crucial role in maintaining O2 homeostasis at the organism and cellular level. Therefore, in normoxia, HIFs are rapidly synthesized and destroyed, but in hypoxia, their degradation is inhibited. HIFs, regulate protein expression to compensate for hypoxia, increasing O2 delivery to tissues, and reducing O2 consumption. Millions of people live at high altitudes, such as in the Andean and Tibetan plateaus. Newborns in these regions weigh less than those in the lowlands, but this difference in Tibetans is smaller than in the Andeans. There is a greater increase in utero­placental blood flow in Andean and Tibetan women compared to pregnancies in Europeans, at the same altitude. These increases are due to synthesis in NO and PGI2, generated by HIFs. The Andean populations display Chronic Mountain Sickness (CMS), characterized by increase in hemoglobin concentration, diminution of PO2 and pulmonary hypertension. In contrast, the Tibetans do not have these conditions due to polymorphisms of two genes, the EPAS-1 that encodes for HIF-2a, expressing polymorphisms with loss-of-function and the EGLN-1 gene that encodes for prolyl hydroxylase-2, with gain-of-function polymorphisms, thus reducing HIFs tasks, decreasing hemoglobin concentration and pulmonary arterial hypertension.
Modernizing Intraday Liquidity Optimization for Commercial Banks
Authors: Feuillette Jérémie , Soramäki Kimmo , Towning Will
Published: June 2024

Commercial banks are facing a period of exceptionally difficult funding conditions amidst a challenging economic environment. To address this, banks need to optimize their liquidity flows and usage. But existing liquidity optimisation and management methods fall short of materially reducing liquidity costs and can generate large operational risks. This paper describes how advanced analytics and algorithms can be used to optimize liquidity flows and usage in a real-time environment through payment resequencing. This approach can enable banks to significantly and consistently reduce liquidity usage and costs, potentially turning more effective treasuries into profit centers. This paper also describes the fundamental requirements for embarking on a modern liquidity optimization project, as well as some recommendations for best practices in operational and technological infrastructure.
Projeto de metrópole da cidade de Adamantina
Authors: Martinelli Marcos
Published: June 2024

Este trabalho analisa as imagens celebrativas do progresso do município de Adamantina produzidas durante os anos de 1950 e 1960.
”Det er ikke en vaccine – det har været planlagt og organiseret længe”
Authors: Peters Rikke
Published: June 2024

Artiklen udforsker fænomenet anti-vaccinationskonspirationsteorier, som har dybe rødder, men som har fået fornyet aktualitet i kølvandet på coronapandemien. Ved hjælp af begreberne pseudovidenskab, stigmatiseret viden og denialism undersøger den argumenterne i disse teorier og argumenterer for, at traditionelle metoder som debunking har begrænset effekt. Artiklens hovedbudskab er, at troen på konspirationsteorier ikke blot skyldes manglende viden, men kræver en dybere forståelse af de bagvedliggende bevæggrunde. Artiklen analyserer online-netværkene bag spredningen af anti-vaccinekonspirationer under covid-19-pandemien og diskuterer potentielle samfunds- og sundhedsmæssige konsekvenser. Endelig præsenterer den en praksisrettet tilgang for sundhedsprofessionelle til at kommunikere med vaccinemodstandere. Der opfordres til en nuanceret tilgang til modvirkning af anti-vaccinationskonspirationer, der gennem en fordomsfri og åben dialog anerkender kompleksiteten bag troen og de sociale og psykologiske behov og dynamikker, der opretholder den.
Défis de la transition socioécologique pour les praticien·ne·s en intervention collective
Authors: Bourque Denis , Goglio Charlotte , Hamel Ariane , Le Dorze-Cloutier Geneviève , Morin Lucie
Published: June 2024

Au Québec, des travailleuses sociales pratiquent l’intervention collective (ou organisation communautaire) pour accompagner des processus variés d’action collective. Cet article rend compte des résultats préliminaires d’une recherche partenariale qui éclaire la contribution de l’intervention collective à des démarches de développement des communautés territoriales dans une volonté partagée de prendre en compte la question climatique et d’investir la transition socioécologique.
La construction de l’identité professionnelle en travail social : des rapports sociorelationnels et de la reconnaissance
Authors: Desmarais Danielle , Charlebois François-Xavier , Brünger Olivia , Dubé Myriam , Beauchemin Audrey , Dubé-Poitras Antoine , Lucas Romane
Published: June 2024

Prenant appui sur une dialectique de repères théoriques multidisciplinaires et une démarche autobiographique de petit groupe (DAPG) comprenant huit récits de vie d’apprenantes inscrites aux études supérieures en travail social, les connaissances présentées dans ce texte montrent que l’identité professionnelle en travail social se construit et évolue au cours de l’ensemble du parcours de vie. Elle est traversée par de multiples tensions, à plusieurs niveaux, notamment entre l’identité personnelle et l’identité professionnelle, entre sa propre histoire de vie et celle des destinataires de l’intervention, et, enfin, entre les organisations et les personnes qui y travaillent. L’identité professionnelle se construit de deux points de vue : celui du sujet-acteur et celui d’autrui. Ainsi, la construction de l’identité professionnelle en travail social évolue entre le désir, le besoin et l’exigence de reconnaissance. Un schéma de la nouvelle théorisation de la construction de l’identité professionnelle en travail social est proposé, lequel constitue l’aboutissement de la DAPG.
La persistance du pouvoir au-delà de la rupture : analyse des tactiques de contrôle post-séparation envers les femmes ayant un parcours d’itinérance
Authors: Flynn Catherine , Harvey Camille , Desrosiers Marie-Eve , Couturier Pénélope , Cribb Mélissa , Petrucci Gabrielle , Fernet Mylène , Lapierre Simon , Cousineau Marie-Marthe
Published: June 2024

Cet article présente une analyse de données secondaire réalisée à partir de 68 récits de vie de femmes ayant vécu des violences et des situations d’itinérance dans leur parcours de vie. Il se penche plus spécifiquement sur différentes tactiques de contrôle déployées par des partenaires intimes en contexte post-séparation, lesquelles ont eu pour effet de détériorer les conditions de vie de femmes. Les résultats illustrent : 1) les violences économiques perpétrées durant la relation intime et qui se sont poursuivies au-delà de la rupture pour maintenir le pouvoir sur les femmes, telles que les tactiques de contrôle des finances, des biens et des conditions de vie, 2) le harcèlement et les différentes stratégies pour priver les femmes de leur liberté en contexte post-séparation, 3) la manipulation exercée auprès des enfants et autour des enjeux liés à la garde de ces derniers et 4) la diffamation et les atteintes à la réputation des femmes afin d’étioler leur réseau de soutien, de réduire leurs possibilités d’emploi et de les disqualifier de certains rôles sociaux. Cet article offre différents repères afin de rendre visibles diverses stratégies coercitives et leurs effets sur les conditions de vie des femmes qui subissent des violences.
Enseigner la syntaxe en soutien à l’écriture en classe de FLS au secondaire : adaptation d’un dispositif didactique dans une perspective intégrée des langues
Authors: Quevillon Lacasse Claude
Published: June 2024

Construire des phrases efficaces à l’écrit, syntaxiquement exactes et d’une certaine complexité, est au coeur de la compétence à écrire (Hayes et Flower, 1980; Berninger et Swanson, 1994). Cependant, l’amélioration de la syntaxe à l’écrit en français langue seconde (FLS) chez les élèves du secondaire en milieu anglophone constitue un défi : l’enseignement grammatical habituel, souvent basé sur des exercices mécaniques, ne semble pas porter fruit, et les élèves ne semblent pas transférer les habiletés syntaxiques qu’ils ont développées pour écrire en anglais, leur langue d’enseignement et souvent leur langue dominante, lorsqu’ils écrivent en français. Dans l’optique de trouver un moyen efficace d’améliorer les habiletés syntaxiques des apprenants de FLS, nous avons testé un dispositif didactique connu des milieux scolaires et universitaires américains, la combinaison de phrases libre (Saddler, 2019). Dans le cadre de notre thèse doctorale, nous avons adapté ce dispositif pour la classe de FLS en y ajoutant une touche d’enseignement intégré des langues, de façon à faire des ponts avec la syntaxe de l’anglais. Dans le cadre de cet article à visée didactique, nous décrirons ce dispositif d’enseignement de la syntaxe tel qu’il a été adapté pendant notre expérimentation.
The role of state policy in the safeguarding and reproduction of the intangible cultural heritage of Russia
Authors: Sazonova Veronika Aleksandrovna
Published: June 2024

The subject of the study is the value-semantic roles and instrumental functions that were assigned to the intangible cultural heritage in Russia's conceptual and strategic documents affecting its preservation and use. The purpose of the work is to determine the current value-semantic and functional position of the intangible heritage in the structure of public administration in Russia, as well as to assess possible prospects for further development of this institution. The implementation of the Russian state approach to the preservation, actualization, popularization and use of intangible cultural heritage is interdisciplinary and interdepartmental. Therefore, in order to assess it more systematically and identify promising areas of development, it is necessary to expand the range of practical research to analyze the entire range of provisions of Russian state policy affecting these issues. The cultural approach seems to be the most heuristic way to achieve this goal. The research uses the method of content analysis, comparative and cultural-historical methods. The author identifies the importance and scope of the intangible cultural heritage at each stage of its institutionalization in Russia, proposes a periodization of the historical dynamics of this process, and substantiates the need to form a Russian national approach to the preservation and use of intangible heritage in comparison with the UNESCO discourse. The author concludes that the progressive institutionalization of the intangible heritage of Russian culture in domestic state policy has allowed us to take into account the creative aspects of scientific, professional and socio-political discourse, as well as harmoniously integrate this institution into a multi-level model of socio-cultural policy. Special attention is paid to the promising tasks of the Russian state policy in the field of intangible heritage in the context of the development of the existing system of its protection.
Spatially oriented correlated emission based on selective drive of diatomic superradiance states
Authors: Zhang Jie , Chen Ai-Xi , Peng Ze-An ,   School of Science, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, China
Published: June 2024

In recent years, the radiative properties of atomic systems have been a hot topic in the research fields of quantum optics and quantum information. With the continuous development of nanophotonics, quantum antennas have become an important model for studying atomic radiation. In order to investigate these phenomena in depth, we investigate a system composed of two two-level atoms, and study the two-photon emission phenomenon of diatomic system under conditions of driving directional tunable laser field, interatomic dipole-dipole interaction, and spontaneous emission coherence.

In this study, we diagonalize the atomic Hamiltonian to obtain the eigenvalues and entangled states of the system (symmetric and asymmetric states of two atoms), and use the rotating wave approximation to rotate the system into the laser frame. The evolution of the system is characterized mainly by the evolution of symmetric and asymmetric state, as well as the evolution of coherent terms. In our studies it is found that for identical atoms, certain laser directions and geometric configurations can exclusively drive the superradiant and subradiant states of atoms, which can enhance the first-order interference effect of the atoms and markedly increase the probability of two-photon emission in a specific detection direction. When the superradiant state of the atom is solely driven, there will be no coupling between the superradiant state and subradiant state, resulting in a correlation function angular distribution that is symmetric along the direction perpendicular to atomic axis. Further adjusting the laser direction causes the atomic interference patterns to shift, and the system will exhibit two-photon emission characteristics on one side or both sides.

For nonidentical atomic systems, due to detuning between the two atoms, the laser cannot drive the superradiant state or subradiant state individually, and the influence of changing the laser direction on the coupling strength diminishes with the increase of detuning between the atoms. When the laser is in resonance with one of the atoms, due to the atomic interactions, the other atom can achieve the strongest coherent effect without resonating with the laser. This research reveals that atomic detuning is crucial for the correlation values and angular distribution of the correlation function. By adjusting the atomic detuning and laser direction, the system can display highly directed one-sided two-photon emission characteristics. However, different dissipation rates will lead the probability of two-photon emission to decrease. Our studies can achieve highly directional two-photon emission on one side or both sides, which provides a theoretical basis for studying the two-photon emission of nanoantennas.
Firing rate adaptation affords place cell theta sweeps, phase precession and procession
Authors: Chu Tianhao , Ji Zilong , Zuo Junfeng , Mi Yuanyuan , Zhang Wen-hao , Huang Tiejun , Bush Daniel , Burgess Neil , Wu Si
Published: June 2024

Hippocampal place cells in freely moving rodents display both theta phase precession and procession, which is thought to play important roles in cognition, but the neural mechanism for producing theta phase shift remains largely unknown. Here we show that firing rate adaptation within a continuous attractor neural network causes the neural activity bump to oscillate around the external input, resembling theta sweeps of decoded position during locomotion. These forward and backward sweeps naturally account for theta phase precession and procession of individual neurons, respectively. By tuning the adaptation strength, our model explains the difference between “bimodal cells” showing interleaved phase precession and procession, and “unimodal cells” in which phase precession predominates. Our model also explains the constant cycling of theta sweeps along different arms in a T-maze environment, the speed modulation of place cells’ firing frequency, and the continued phase shift after transient silencing of the hippocampus. We hope that this study will aid an understanding of the neural mechanism supporting theta phase coding in the brain.
An allocentric human odometer for perceiving distances on the ground plane
Authors: Zhou Liu , Wei Wei , Ooi Teng Leng , He Zijiang J.
Published: June 2024

We reliably judge locations of static objects when we walk despite the retinal images of these objects moving with every step we take. Here, we showed our brains solve this optical illusion by adopting an allocentric spatial reference frame. We measured perceived target location after the observer walked a short distance from the home base. Supporting the allocentric coding scheme, we found the intrinsic bias
1, 2
, which acts as a spatial reference frame for perceiving location of a dimly lit target in the dark, remained grounded at the home base rather than traveled along with the observer. The path-integration mechanism responsible for this can utilize both active and passive (vestibular) translational motion signals, but only along the horizontal direction. This anisotropic path-integration finding in human visual space perception is reminiscent of the anisotropic spatial memory finding in desert ants
3
, pointing to nature’s wondrous and logically simple design for terrestrial creatures.
A cryo-ET study of ciliary rootlet organization
Authors: van Hoorn Chris , Carter Andrew P.
Published: June 2024

Ciliary rootlets are striated bundles of filaments that connect the base of cilia to internal cellular structures. Rootlets are critical for the sensory and motile functions of cilia. However, the mechanisms underlying these functions remain unknown, in part due to a lack of structural information of rootlet organization. In this study, we obtain 3D reconstructions of membrane-associated and purified rootlets using cryo-electron tomography (cryo-ET). We show that flexible protrusions on the rootlet surface, which emanate from the cross-striations, connect to intracellular membranes. In purified rootlets, the striations were classified into amorphous (A)-bands, associated with accumulations on the rootlet surface, and discrete (D)-bands corresponding to punctate lines of density that run through the rootlet. These striations connect a flexible network of longitudinal filaments. Subtomogram averaging suggests the filaments consist of two intertwined coiled coils. The rootlet’s filamentous architecture, with frequent membrane-connecting cross-striations, lends itself well for anchoring large membranes in the cell.
G protein subunit Gγ13-mediated signaling pathway is critical to the inflammation resolution and functional recovery of severely injured lungs
Authors: Li Yi-Hong , Yang Yi-Sen , Xue Yan-Bo , Lei Hao , Zhang Sai-Sai , Qian Junbin , Yao Yushi , Zhou Ruhong , Huang Liquan
Published: June 2024

Tuft cells are a group of rare epithelial cells that can detect pathogenic microbes and parasites. Many of these cells express signaling proteins initially found in taste buds. It is, however, not well understood how these taste signaling proteins contribute to the response to the invading pathogens or to the recovery of injured tissues. In this study, we conditionally nullified the signaling G protein subunit Gγ13 and found that the number of ectopic tuft cells in the injured lung was reduced following the infection of the influenza virus H1N1. Furthermore, the infected mutant mice exhibited significantly larger areas of lung injury, increased macrophage infiltration, severer pulmonary epithelial leakage, augmented pyroptosis and cell death, greater bodyweight loss, slower recovery, worsened fibrosis and increased fatality. Our data demonstrate that the Gγ13-mediated signal transduction pathway is critical to tuft cells-mediated inflammation resolution and functional repair of the damaged lungs.To our best knowledge, it is the first report indicating subtype-specific contributions of tuft cells to the resolution and recovery.
Sex-specific resilience of neocortex to food restriction
Authors: Padamsey Zahid , Katsanevaki Danai , Maeso Patricia , Rizzi Manuela , Osterweil Emily , Rochefort Nathalie L.
Published: June 2024

Mammals have evolved sex-specific adaptations to reduce energy usage in times of food scarcity. These adaptations are well described for peripheral tissue, though much less is known about how the energy-expensive brain adapts to food restriction, and how such adaptations differ across the sexes. Here, we examined how food restriction impacts energy usage and function in the primary visual cortex (V1) of adult male and female mice. Molecular analysis and RNA sequencing in V1 revealed that in males, but not in females, food restriction significantly modulated canonical, energy-regulating pathways, including pathways associated with AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK), peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha (PPARα), mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR), and oxidative phosphorylation. Moreover, we found that in contrast to males, food restriction in females did not significantly affect V1 ATP usage or visual coding precision (assessed by orientation selectivity). Decreased serum leptin is known to be necessary for triggering energy-saving changes in V1 during food restriction. Consistent with this, we found significantly decreased serum leptin in food-restricted males but no significant change in food-restricted females. Collectively, our findings demonstrate that cortical function and energy usage in female mice are more resilient to food restriction than in males. The neocortex, therefore, contributes to sex-specific, energy-saving adaptations in response to metabolic challenge.