bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Analysis on the Special Prescriptions from the Book of Chengfang Qieyong
Authors: Jiang Kaiping , Jian Xiaoyun
Published: May 2021

The kinds of special prescriptions in the book of Chengfang Qieyong cover a wide range of subjects such as internal medicine, gynecology, pediatrics and surgery, etc. These prescriptions have gathered the original discussions of doctors of all ages, condensed the author's own in-depth insights, and displayed the profound connotation of traditional Chinese medicine prescriptions or clinical efficacy characteristics. Guided by the function and categories of the original monograph, 26 prescriptions were integrated into seven categories, i.e.treating Qi and regulating Blood, nourishing and eliminating, exterior dispersing and dispelling cold, compromising and purging fire, drying dampness and expelling phlegm, fetal birth and baby, and carbuncle. Based on the characteristics of clinical efficacy, the connotation of legislative prescriptions, the modification of prescriptions and medicines, and the degree of decoction and prescription, etc, this paper analyzes the connotation of traditional Chinese medicine of these special prescriptions, and provides important reference for the research of modern prescriptions, the expansion of clinical application and the development of new drugs of traditional Chinese medicine.
“An Optimistic Tragedy”: A. Kholminov’s Forgotten Opera
Authors: Kozovchinkaja Elena Anatolyevna
Published: May 2021

The purpose of the article is to provide an insight into a number of important issues concerning such general philosophical concepts as eventfulness, memory, truth in “An Optimistic Tragedy”, the first opera by A. Kholminov, the Russian composer of the second half of the XX century. Scientific novelty of the study lies in comparing the literary source, which is the play by Vs. Vishnevsky, productions of the play and the opera itself. As a result, it was found that the principles that are of fundamental importance in the artistic world of the first opera composed by Holminov are characteristic of his later works, which suggests a formation of the composer’s stylistic landmarks. In “An Optimistic Tragedy”, A. N. Kholminov articulated his creative experience and search for an individual dramatic solution, developed the vast world of images and, in doing so, revealed the most important themes of the era.
Religious Motives and Images in Works by Vasil Khannanov, a Member of “Genghis Khan” Art Group
Authors: Valeeva Zemfira Rizaevna , Vychuzhanova Lyalya Kamilyevna , Abdulnagimova Adel Irekovna
Published: May 2021

The paper aims to prove that spiritual-religious content of sacred texts can be transferred by means of abstract art. Scientific originality of the study lies in the fact that relying on an analysis of the Koranic texts, the researchers for the first time examine representation of religious motives and images in the Bashkir painter Vasil Khannanov’s works. As a result, it is shown that Vasil Khannanov’s creative approach involves free artistic-figurative visualization of sacred meanings, when abstract images express his personal understanding of deep spiritual-religious content, motivating a viewer to explore the Koranic images and motives.
Postmodernity Epoch - Artwork Directions
Authors: Demchenko Aleksandr Ivanovich
Published: May 2021

Editor-in-Chief’s Column continues publication of a large series of artistic-historical essays which consecutively consider the major epochs. These reviews aim to outline the humanity’s evolution panorama through the lens of all the art forms resulting in ontological generalisation. Ancient World, Antiquity, Middle Ages, Renaissance, Baroque Epoch, Enlightenment, Romanticism, Post-Romanticism Epoch, Modernity I (Early ХХ Century), Modernity II (Middle of the ХХ Century) and Modernity III were examined in previous essays.
1928 “Persons Case”: Place of “Famous Five” in Formation of Modern-Day Constitution of Canada
Authors: Sidorenko Viktoriya Arturovna , Lysachkova Mariya Gennad'evna
Published: May 2021

The research aims to determine influence of the 1928 “Persons Case” (“Edwards v. Attorney General for Canada”) and activity of the “Famous Five” that initiated it on formation of the modern-day Constitution of Canada. The paper is novel in that it is the first in the Russian historiography to study the impact that activity of the “Famous Five” and the “Persons Case”, initiated by them, had on change in interpretation of constitutional norms in Canada and adoption of principles of their evolutionary and broad interpretation. The research proves that the “Persons Case”, initiated by the feminist group the “Famous Five”, played a key role in history of how evolutionary and broad interpretation of the Canadian Constitution came to be.
Territorial Scope of International Commercial Customs (Lex Mercatoria) - Rolls of Oléron (XI-XIII) - and Their Impact on National Law of the Medieval European States: Systematic Review
Authors: Komnatnaya Yuliya Aleksandrovna , Chistyuhina Maria Viktorovna
Published: May 2021

The purpose of the systematic review is to fill the existing historiographical gap in the history of how the content of generally accepted rules (customs) for regulating relations in the field of international trade, such as Incoterms, the UNIDROIT Principles and others, was formulated. The authors place emphasis on identifying territorial scope of international commercial customs, in particular the Rolls of Oléron, in the period from the XI to the XIV century. Scientific novelty of the research lies in shaping a comprehensive view on history of the Russian commercial law formation in relation to the European commercial legislation development, as well as on figuring out the degree of commonality between the foreign and Russian commercial customs which served as a basis for generally recognised international rules for conducting world trade.
Fighting Corruption in Modern China
Authors: Prosekov Sergey Anatolievich , Golovlev Ruslan Vladimirovich
Published: May 2021

The study aims to identify features of fight against corruption in modern China, its effectiveness and applicability of the experience to other countries. The article considers methods of fighting corruption in the People’s Republic of China. Scientific novelty of the work lies in the fact that the authors identify modern trends in development of fight against corruption that are unique to China, describe its unique mechanisms and influence of the ancient Chinese traditions on this issue. It is the authors’ opinion that further development of anti-bribery strategy in China is based on stricter party discipline and promotion of international cooperation. The article also points out that fight against corruption in the People’s Republic of China is reaching a new level despite the fact that there are many structural issues.
Mahammad Fuzuli’s Role in Ghazal Traditional Genre Formation in the Azerbaijani Literature
Authors: Bagirov Abuzar Musa ogly
Published: May 2021

The research objectives are as follows: to reveal the Azerbaijani poet Mahammad Fuzuli’s role in the ghazal canonical genre formation in the Azerbaijani poetry, to provide a comparative-contrastive analysis of Fuzuli’s and his predecessors’ poems. The article considers the following issues: ethno-genesis of the Azerbaijani amorous lyrics, its interrelation with the Arabic and Persian poetry, causes for the ghazal genre popularity in the Azerbaijani poetry. The research methodology includes literary critical methods, comparative analysis methods. Scientific originality of the study involves identifying specificity of Fuzuli’s creative manner. As a result, the researcher concludes that Fuzuli’s poems contributed to further development of the ghazal genre in the Azerbaijani poetry.
Features of C. Funke’s Individual Style (by the Material of the Novel “Dragon Rider”)
Authors: Vahrusheva Marina Ivanovna , Larkina Polina Yevgenyevna
Published: May 2021

The article considers the features peculiar to the modern German writer Cornelia Funke’s individual style, using the material of the novel “Dragon Rider”. The study aims to identify the main features of the writer’s individual style. Scientific novelty of the work lies in taking such an approach to studying the individual style in which its main characteristic is considered to be the genre chosen by the author, while language means are considered as markers dictated by specific features of the genre and the author’s creative vision. The attained results indicate that word coinage is the main marker for C. Funke, who writes in the fantasy genre; it is represented by various word-building patterns with significant predominance of compounding. Illustrations created for some parts of the work by the writer herself were noted among graphic markers.
“The Pillow Book” by Sei Shōnagon and “Hopscotch” by Julio Cortázar: Genre Peculiarities
Authors: Kurmaeva Irina Ildarovna , Khafizova Ilseyar Ilgamovna
Published: May 2021

The paper provides a comparative structural analysis of Sei Shōnagon’s zuihitsu “The Pillow Book” and Julio Cortázar’s novel “Hopscotch” through the lens of Umberto Eco’s “open text” conception. Scientific originality of the research lies in the fact that the structure of these literary works has not been previously investigated in this aspect. The conclusion is made that the works under study have a similar structure but belong to different “open text” types, which influences the choice of cohesive devices and an “author - reader” interaction model (“chorus” with Sei Shōnagon and “game” with Julio Cortázar).
S. N. Zeitlin’s “Dictionary of Children’s Derivational Innovations” as Lexicographical Information Resource
Authors: Smirnova Svetlana Anatolievna
Published: May 2021

The research objective is as follows: to describe the macro- and micro-structure of S. N. Zeitlin’s “Dictionary of Children’s Derivational Innovations”. The article provides a comparative-contrastive description of the printed and electronic editions of the dictionary. The paper considers the following issues: the dictionary structure, entry zones, types of explanations and types of contexts. Scientific originality of the study involves identifying specificity of lexicographical parametrization of children’s derivational innovations. As a result, it is shown that S. N. Zeitlin’s dictionary as an information resource introduces principles of lexicographical interpretation of children’s innovations from the viewpoint of the derivational-semantic approach, illustrates realization of well-grounded criteria.
Mother Figure in the Modern Swedish Literature about Migrants as Factor of Cultural Identity Formation
Authors: Morkina Marta Aleksandrovna
Published: May 2021

The study aims to shed light on how the Mother figure influences cultural identity formation in the Swedish novels “Can You Say Shibboleth?” (Sw. “Kan du säga schibbolet?”) by M. Bakhtiari and “Svenhammed’s Diaries” (Sw. “Svenhammeds journaler”) by Z. Bečević. The article examines characteristic features of hybrid identity and also defines women’s role in cultural experience transmission. Scientific novelty of the study lies in approaching the modern Swedish literature from the viewpoint of the postcolonial theory. For the first time, the researcher has identified a feature of the postcolonial discourse in the Swedish works, which is emphasis on deep connection between the Mother and cultural identity. As a result, it is determined that nature of communication with the mother and the older generation of women influences the protagonists’ cultural identity formation.
“We Long to Be Enthralled by Pensive Sonnets”: Sonnet in Creative Work of Poets Belonging to Harbin Literary and Artistic Association “Churaevka”
Authors: Koval'chuk Irina Yur'evna , Gorshunova Anna Sergeevna
Published: May 2021

The article aims to identify artistic and aesthetic originality of the sonnet genre in creative work of poets of the Russian Far Eastern emigre community belonging to the literary and artistic association “Churaevka”. Scientific novelty of the study lies in taking the systematic approach to the material under consideration. The researchers for the first time raise the issue of correlation between traditional and innovative elements in the body of sonnets created by the Churaevka poets. The study involves materials from the State Archives of Khabarovsk Krai and Primorsky Krai. The results of the study have shown that, despite the fact that the Harbin poets were abroad, far away from major centres of the Russian culture and literature, the sonnet in their poetry reveals deep continuity with the Russian poetic tradition, as well as a great potential for self-development.
PEMANFAATAN WASTAFEL PORTABLE SEMI-OTOMATIS DALAM UPAYA PENCEGAHAN PENYEBARAN COVID-19
Authors: Mustofa Mustofa , Antu Evi S , Botutihe Sjahril , Sinadia Bayu S
Published: May 2021

Propinsi Gorontalo merupakan propinsi terakhir terkonfirmasi positif Covid-19 dengan jumlah kasus sebanyak  126  tertanggal 5 Juni 2020.  Pemerintah  daerah  melalui Gubernur, Walikota, dan Bupati telah bersama-sama berupaya dalam penanganan kasus Covid-19. Harapannya adalah tidak terjadi peningkatan kasus positif dan pasien yang dinyatakan positif agar segera ditangani dan sembuh. Program Studi Mesin dan Peralatan Pertanian Politeknik Gorontalo sebagai salah satu lembaga pendidikan yang tidak hanya bergerak di bidang pendidikan, melainkan juga bidang Tri Dharma Perguruan tinggi lainnya, termasuk Pengabdian kepada Masyarakat (PkM) tentu harus memiliki andil dalam upaya penanganan kasus covid-19, khususnya di Propinsi Gorontalo. Melalui kegiatan PkM diharapkan dapat membantu pemerintah dalam penangan kasus Covid-19. Kegiatan PkM yang ditawarkan oleh Program Studi Mesin dan Peralatan Pertanian Politeknik Gorontalo adalah berupa perlatan cuci tangan portable semi otomatis yang dapat digunakan oleh masyarakat Kabupaten Bone Bolango dalam pencegahan penularan virus corona (Covid-19).
Pemanfaatan Limbah Kulit Ikan Tuna Menjadi Kerupuk
Authors: Pade Satria Wati , Mutsyahidan Arif Murtaqi Akhmad , Irawan Fredy
Published: May 2021

Ikan tuna banyak disukai masyarakat dan memiliki nilai yang ekonomis. Ikan tuna (Thunus albacares) berpotensi cukup tinggi dengan kandungan protein tinggi ± 26 g/100g daging dan kadar lemak rendah yaitu ± 2,7 g/100 daging. Kandungan gizi lain : mineral yaitu fosfor, kalsium, zat besi, sodium, Vit. A dan Vit. B. Ikan tuna memiliki nilai ekonomis cukup tinggi karena dapat diolah menjadi berbagai macam produk : Fillet, bakso, siomay, nugget, sosis, empek-empek dan kerupuk. Pelatihan dalam pemanfaatan kulit ikan tuna ini memiliki tujuan untuk meningkatkan perekonomian ibu-ibu di daerah pantai di kelurahan Tanjung Kramat, Kota Gorontalo.
Towards a Sustainable Future: Promoting Sustainability, Sustainability Accounting and Reporting among Future Professional Accountants
Authors: Salcedo Arnold V. , Salcedo, CPA Shane S.
Published: May 2021

While most of the sustainability studies focused are on areas of engineering and architecture, sustainability accounting and reporting are concepts that need to be introduced among people nowadays, specifically accountancy students, with the belief that the students today, will become the workforce and leaders of tomorrow. The study focused on promoting the various concepts among ninety-six (n=96) accountancy students who are in their terminal year. The students were subjected to a pre-test & post-test experimental design group with viewing video presentations on triple bottom-line, sustainability reporting, true cost accounting and a sample of Global Reporting Initiative Report (GRI) as intervention activities, that aimed to provide an overview and a level of understanding on the targeted concepts. Results show a significant difference on the level of awareness before and after the three concepts were introduced. The participants were willing to learn more about sustainability accounting while half of them would consider to enroll in a graduate program that specializes on leadership in a sustainable enterprise along with management courses concentrating on sustainability. As a conclusion, sustainability accounting and reporting in the Philippines, still has a long way to go and currently at its infancy stage before becoming a distinguished program or a course that will be embedded in the academic curricula or be fully recognized by businesses and industries from both national and local levels. The study can be further enhanced to include the level of commitment and motivation of students to such concepts.
Moderated Mediation of Ethical Considerations between Individual Values and Values in the Actual Practice of the CPA Profession
Authors: Salcedo Arnold V.
Published: May 2021

CPA Baby Boomers, Generation X, Generation Y or Millennials and the latest addition, Generation Z, possess unique characteristics, workplace values and ethics. This study focused on how workplace values and ethical considerations directly and indirectly affect the values of CPAs. The participants are five hundred forty-one (n=541) Baby Boomers, Generation X, Generation Y and Generation Z Filipino professional accountants among four different sectors namely the academe or education, commerce & industry, government and public practice. A partial least square-structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) including mediation and moderation analysis were used to determine the direct and indirect effects. Using Schwartz motivational values, the study revealed that there is a positive and significant relationship between self-transcendence (benevolence and universalism) and openness to change (self-direction and stimulation) as workplace values to the values of practicing CPAs. There is a negative but significant relationship between workplace values of conservation (tradition and security) and self-enhancement values (power and achievement) with the CPA values. Also, workplace values significantly affect ethical considerations, while ethical considerations (or strict adherence to CPA’s code of ethics) significantly influence the CPA values while in practice. Lastly, the moderation analysis further revealed that workforce generation has moderating effect on the relationship between conservation values and the actual practice values. Ethical considerations have no mediating effect on the significant positive relationship between individual values and values in practice (benevolence and universalism), while workforce generations have moderating effect in the conservation values of CPAs
A Comparative Study on Women Perception and Condition In the Event of Natural Disaster and Migration: A Qualitative Study from Sindh – Pakistan Flood 2010
Authors: Memon Rizwan Ali
Published: May 2021

In this study, we want to compare previous and current perception and condition of migrant’s women after completing ten years of emigrant at their new residential. In province of Sindh, district Jamshoro tehsil Kotri our samples, the migrant’s families from Jacobabad, Shikarpur, Kashmore-Kandhkot, Qamber-Shahdadkot and Dadu districts were migrating to adjacent areas of Kotri during 2010 due to flood. Many of them returned back to their area when recovered but a significant number from them are permanently settled in adjacent areas of Kotri. Comparing their perception and condition, we use a new technique of comparative twin questions with conceded closed and open-ended characteristics, and a qualitatively 94 migrants’ women were interviewed. Results reveal high populated families are more motivated about their employment and health concerns and these facilities force them to settle permanently. Further study divulges that participation of migrants’ women in socio-eco and domestic decision-making process was recorded unchanged, due to resemblance of their previous and current life standards. Our results recommend that the state intervention for the purpose migrant’s processing of Passports, Computer National Identity Cards (CNICs), and issuance of Domicile and Permanent Residence Certificates (PRCs) from their current residential addresses. Their job of nature changed from agriculture to industrial that ultimately knocking the door of long-term opportunities. Hence, government should make friendly policies to facilitate migrants’ families, which is essential for development of any society.
Simulation Et Implémentation D’un Système PV sous l’Environnement Proteus Avec Nouvelle Commande MPPT
Authors: CHELLAKHI Abdelkhalek
Published: May 2021

Ce papier a pour objectif de valoriser une nouvelle technique MPPM (MPPT) pour extraire le maximum de puissance générer par le panneau photovoltaïque. L’environnement Proteus est utilisé pour implémenter et simuler la nouvelle approche MPPM grâce à la carte Arduino UNO et un afficheur LCD. Les résultats de simulation prouvent la meilleure performance de notre commande MPPM par rapport à les deux traditionnelles techniques P&O et INC de dépister le point de puissance maximale PPM sous des conditions de changement brusque de l’éclairement solaire.
Modernisasi Sejarah Eropa
Authors: Riduan M.
Published: May 2021

Sejarah tidak akan terlepas dari tiga dimensi sebagai titik fokus kajiannya yakni manusia (human), waktu (time), dan tempat (space). Dalam pandangan ini berarti sejarah dapat dipahami sebagai sebuah kajian yang berfokus pada perkembangan (secara lambat maupun secara cepat) manusia (masyarakat) dalam suatu wilayah tertentu (lokal, nasional, ataupun regional). Walaupun para sejarawan kadangkala memetakan kajian sejarah berdasarkan pendekatan tema-tema monistik seperti sejarah ekonomi ataupun sejarah agama yang hanya melihat satu aktivitas manusia pada periode waktu tertentu namun secara umum terdapat pula sebuah pemetaan yang menekankan pada aspek spasial seperti sejarah Eropa. Mendalami sejarah Eropa bukan hanya dimaksudkan untuk sekedar mengetahui bagaimana perkembangan masyarakat Eropa dalam seluruh aspek kehidupan namun pula harus dicari kebermaknaannya bagi masa kini dan terutama pada masa depan.
There are Higher Levels of Conspiracy Beliefs in More Corrupt Countries
Authors: Alper Sinan
Published: May 2021

In four studies, I found evidence that people living in countries with higher levels of corruption have a greater tendency for conspiracy ideation. In Study 1 (21 countries, N = 20,207), participants living in more corrupt countries reported having higher COVID-19 and generic conspiracy beliefs. Study 2 (25 countries, N = 4,935), Study 3 (25 countries, N = 24,424), and Study 4 (24 countries, N = 5,973) replicated the same finding. Internal meta-analysis suggested that this association remained significant after adjusting for other relevant cross-country differences. Studies 1 and 2, but not 3 and 4, also showed that corruption moderated the association between individuals’ gullibility (i.e., lack of education) and their conspiracy beliefs, and this association was significant only in low corruption countries. The findings suggest that country-level corruption breeds conspiracy beliefs and moderates the effect of individuals’ gullibility to conspiracy theories.
Bursting Balloons - Comparison of Risk Propensity Between Extreme Sports Esports and the General Public
Authors: Keller Lucas , Bieleke Maik , Wolff Wanja
Published: May 2021

Arguably, extreme sports athletes exhibit a more significant risk appetite than the general public. Are standard behavioral risk measures able to capture this? To answer this question, we assessed self-reports of risk taking and measured the risk-taking behavior of samples of snowboarders and climbers. Two groups of non-athletes, university students and crowdworkers, and athletes of a sport that does not include the potential of grave injury or death, esports athletes, serve as control conditions and complement our study. Across these five different groups, 1313 participants performed an online version of the Balloon Analogue Risk Task (BART) and gave self-reports of general risk-taking propensity and sports-specific risk taking. Extreme sports athletes exhibited greater risk propensity in the BART than non-athletes and esports athletes. Furthermore, BART-performance predicted sports-specific risk taking and its affective consequences. Our results speak to the BART’s ecological validity and the unique role of physical consequences on risk-taking behavior.
Boredom proneness, political orientation and adherence to social-distancing in the pandemic.
Authors: Brosowsky Nicholaus P. , van Tilburg Wijnand A. P. , Scholer Abigail , Boylan James , Seli Paul , Danckert James
Published: May 2021

Research recently showed that boredom proneness was associated with increased social distancing rule-breaking in a sample collected early in the COVID-19 pandemic. Here we explore data collected early in the pandemic to examine what factors might drive this relation. We focus on political affiliation. Given the functional account of boredom as a call to action, we hypothesized that this urge to act may drive individuals towards outlets replete with symbolic value (e.g., ideology, identity). In addition, given the politicization of some social distancing rules (e.g., mask wearing), we explored whether those who adhere to strong political ideologies—particularly conservative ideologies—would be more likely to rule-break. Moderation analyses indicated that boredom proneness and social (but not fiscal) conservatism were indeed predictive of rule-breaking. These results highlight the need for both clear messaging emphasizing the strength of communal identity and action (i.e., that “We are all in this together”) and for interventions that emphasize shared collective values in contexts that appeal directly to social conservatives.
Time perception in autistic adults: Interval and event timing judgements do not differ from non-autistics
Authors: Poole Daniel , Casassus Martin , Gowen Emma , Poliakoff Ellen , Jones Luke Anthony
Published: May 2021

It has previously been proposed that autistic people have problems with timing which underlie the behavioural and cognitive differences in the condition. However, the nature of this postulated timing issue has not been well specified and the existing experimental literature has generated mixed findings. In the current study, we attempted a systematic investigation of timing processes in autistic adults using Scalar Expectancy Theory as a theoretical framework. Autistic (n = 58) and non-autistic (n = 91) adults matched for age, sex and full-scale IQ completed a battery of auditory and visual timing tasks measuring basic sub-second duration perception (temporal discrimination thresholds), clock processes (verbal estimation), clock and memory processes (temporal generalisation), and event timing (temporal order judgements). Participants also completed supra-second retrospective duration estimates where the participant was not warned in advanced that they would be required to make a timing judgement, and questionnaires measuring self-reported timing behaviours in daily life. The groups reported differences on questionnaires, but measures of timing performance were comparable overall. In an exploratory analysis, we performed principal components analysis to investigate the relationship between timing judgements and participants’ self-reported social-communicative, sensory and motor traits. Measures of timing performance were not well correlated with these questionnaire scores. The current study, the largest conducted on time and autism to date, shows no clear evidence for reduced timing performance in autistic adults.
The Role of Family Process on Academic Educational Achievements in the United States: Evidence from a longitudinal study
Authors: Roghani Ali
Published: May 2021

This paper's main objective is to understand how thefamily process affects youth's educational outcomes in the U.S.Previous research does not have a conclusive understandingregarding parental influence and educational achievement.Some studies determine that some parental influence isconnected with positive academic achievement, while othersconclude that it is not associated with young adults' academicachievement. Using data from the National Longitudinal Surveyof Youth 1997, an event history analysis was conducted toaddress how family process measures (family routines andparental monitoring) during adolescence change the rates andtiming of the completion of a bachelor's degree. Althoughmothers' monitoring does not have a significant relationship withhaving an academic degree, higher father monitoring waspositively associated with having the degree. Family routinesprovide a complex result. Average family routines are associatedwith a higher likelihood of academic achievements, while low andhigh family routines have the same outcomes. The research'sfindings imply the role of fathers and the multidimensionalnature of the family process, suggesting that the family process isessential in determining rates and timing of academicachievements in the U.S.
Which treatments are most effective for common tendinopathies? A systematic review and network meta-analysis protocol.
Authors: Swinton Paul , Shim Joanna , Pavlova Anastasia , Moss Rachel , MacLean Colin , Brandie David , Mitchell Laura , Greig Leon , Parkinson Eva , Morrissey Dylan , alexander lyndsay , Cooper Kay
Published: May 2021

The purpose of the present systematic review and network meta-analysis is to compare the effectiveness of different treatment classes across a range of tendinopathies and outcomes to better establish a treatment hierarchy. Where sufficient data are obtained, the potential for covariates including patient demographics and condition specifics (e.g. symptom severity) to explain statistical heterogeneity will be explored.
Textproduktion von schwach schreibenden Jugendlichen. Eine empirische Studie zum Schreibprozess im Kontext des persuasiven Argumentierens
Authors: Lindauer Nadja
Published: May 2021

Obwohl bekannt ist, dass viele Jugendliche Texte von unzureichender Qualität produzieren und damit in unserer literalen Gesellschaft benachteiligt sind, ist ihr Schreiben bislang wenig untersucht. Das gilt insbesondere für ihren Schreibprozess, welcher die Grundlage der qualitativ schwachen Textprodukte bildet und an dem eine gezielte Förderung in erster Linie ansetzen sollte. Diese Studie zielte daher darauf, den Schreibprozess schwach schreibender Jugendlicher im Detail zu ergründen. Dazu wurde zunächst die Schreibleistung von 178 Achtklässlerinnen und Achtklässlern anhand einer argumentativ-persuasiven Schreibaufgabe sowie einer Lehrpersoneneinschätzung erhoben. Auf dieser Basis wurden kriteriengeleitet 14 Jugendliche ausgewählt und ihr Schreibprozess bei einer weiteren Schreibaufgabe mittels der Methode des lauten Denkens, der Aufzeichnung durch einen digitalen Stift und durch Videobeobachtung erfasst und inhaltsanalytisch auf die ausgeführten Aktivitäten hin ausgewertet. Die Ergebnisse zeigen, dass die Jugendlichen im Schreibprozess zahlreiche verschiedene Aktivitäten mitunter in hoher Häufigkeit und mit der theoretisch erwartbaren Verteilung einsetzen. Schwierigkeiten werden allerdings bei Betrachtung der Qualität der Ausführung der Aktivitäten erkennbar. Daraus ergeben sich verschiedene Implikationen für die Schreibförderung.
Blindflug beenden und stark aus der Krise kommen. Bildungschancen für Benachteiligte jetzt sichern!
Authors: Kuhn Hans-Jürgen , Voges Michael
Published: May 2021

Vor einem Jahr wurden Kitas und Schulen in Deutschland pandemiebedingt geschlossen. Nur in einigen Wochen im Sommer fand regelhafter Präsenzunterricht statt. Der stattdessen angebotene Fern-, Hybrid- und Wechselunterricht hat erhebliche Auswirkungen für Schüler*innen, Lehrkräfte, Eltern und Familien mit sich gebracht und hat zu Lernrückständen geführt; soziale Kontakte wurden reduziert und psychische und gesundheitliche Belastungen der an Schule direkt oder indirekt Beteiligten haben zugenommen. Die schon vor den coronabedingten Schulschließungen bestehenden Bildungsungerechtigkeiten haben sich pandemiebedingt weiter vergrößert. Damit sie nicht noch größer werden und sich auf lange Sicht weiter verfestigen, ist zügiges Handeln erforderlich. Im vorliegenden Beitrag werden zum einen gesicherte Erkenntnisse über die kognitiven, sozialen und psychischen Auswirkungen der pandemiebedingten Schulschließungen und zum anderen diagnosebasierte und wissenschaftlich fundierte Förderkonzepte sowie ein umfassendes Förderprogramm gefordert und zur Diskussion gestellt, um gestärkt die Pandemie überwinden zu können.
Rekonstruowanie żydowskiego miasta. Nils Roemer: German City, Jewish Memory. The Story of Worms. Waltham, Brandeis University Press, 2010, pp. 316. Michael Meng: Shattered Spaces. Encountering Jewish Ruins in Postwar Germany and Poland
Authors: Wolski Paweł
Published: May 2021

Reconstructing a Jewish town. Nils Roemer: German City, Jewish Memory. The Story of Worms. Waltham, Brandeis University Press, 2010, pp. 316. Michael Meng: Shattered Spaces. Encountering Jewish Ruins in Postwar Germany and Poland. Cambridge, Harvard University Press, 2011, pp. 351.

The text briefly compares two books: Nils Roemer’s German City, Jewish Memory. The Story of Worms and Michael Meng’s Shattered Spaces. Encountering Jewish Ruins in Postwar Germany and Poland. Both represent fascinating approaches to the process of the reconstruction of the Jewish identity as an important part of the European urban culture destroyed during WWII. By discussing these issues on the examples of Worms (Roemer) and Warsaw, Wrocław, Potsdam, Berlin (Meng) both, albeit in different ways, restore the Jewish identity of these cities not only by approaching the history of historical or architectural landmarks, but also by discussing some less material, discoursive memory markers such as mythology, tourism, politics etc.
Мова протистояння в побутовому дискурсі: інтенція знецінення
Authors: Kotsur Vitalii , Vilchynska Iryna , Nykonenko Liudmila , Kisse Anton
Published: May 2021

Мета статті – представити результати аналізу автентичних діалогів та інтерпретації інтенцій лінгвістичних прийомів і засобів, у тому числі суспільно-політичних новотворів, які використовуються суб’єктами комунікації на рівні побутового дискурсу (зокрема, в соціальних мережах) з метою знецінення співрозмовника.Методи і методика. У процесі дослідження використовувався комплекс загальнонаукових та психолінгвістичних методів: запис діалогів і висловлювань, змістовний контент-аналіз, категоризація, типологізація, узагальнення, експертне оцінювання, інтерпретація отриманих результатів, а також лінгвістичний, якісний та інтент-аналіз.Результати дослідження. У результаті дослідження конфліктної суспільно-політичної лексики у побутовому дискурсі виокремлено такі типи знецінення: (1) пониження статусу особи/групового суб’єкта; (2) знецінення особи/групового суб’єкта до статусу тварини або рослини; (3) знецінення особи/групового суб’єкта до статусу неживого предмета. Аналіз висловлювань щодо певної спільноти або особи за цією типологією також дає змогу ідентифікувати інтенсивність знецінення: висловлюванням притаманне порушення симетричності комунікації, яке варіюється від зневаги до надання співкомунікатору статусу неживого предмета. Особливістю всіх типів знецінення є творення нових слів та використання суфіксів для посилення або пом’якшення негативного навантаження висловлювання.

Висновки. Мова протистояння є проявом інтраперсональних та групових психодинамічних процесів, а в її артикуляції актуалізується комплекс захисних механізмів, який сприяє відновленню психологічного комфорту в складних суспільно-політичних умовах. Загалом досліджувану конфліктну лексику можна визначити як усно-писемну комунікацію, спрямовану на знецінення особи або групового суб’єкта задля досягнення або фіксації індивідуальними та/чи груповими суб’єктами домінуючих позицій у спілкуванні. Аутоагресивний характер використання мови конфлікту руйнує згуртованість у суспільстві, але водночас має позитивні функціональні наслідки: її інтенсифікація почасти сприяє психологічній розрядці на індивідуальному рівні та зниженню соціально-психологічної напруги – на колективному.
Effect of Electrospinning Parameters on the Fiber Diameter and Morphology of PLGA Nanofibers
Authors: Duan Yuanyuan , Kalluri Lohitha , Satpathy Megha , Duan Yuanyuan
Published: May 2021

Background: Poly lactic-co-glycolic acid (PLGA) has been widely investigated for various biomedical applications, such as craniofacial bone regeneration, wound dressing and tissue engineering. Electrospinning is a versatile technology used to produce micro/nanoscale fibers with large specific surface area and high porosity.
Purpose: The aim of the current study is to prepare PLGA nanofibers using electrospinning for guided tissue regeneration/guided bone regeneration applications. The objective of this study is to determine the appropriate electrospinning parameters such as applied voltage, flow rate, spinneret-collector distance and polymer solution concentration for preparation of PLGA fibrous membrane and their effect on the mean fiber diameter of the electrospun fibers.
Method: PLGA pellets were dissolved in Hexafluoroisopropanol (HFIP) in various concentrations overnight using a bench rocker. The resulting PLGA solution was then loaded into a syringe and electrospinning was done by maintaining the other parameters constant. Similarly, various fibrous mats were collected by altering the specific electrospinning parameter inputs such as applied voltage, flow rate and spinneret-collector distance. The morphology of the fibrous mats was characterized using Scanning Electron Microscope. The mean fiber diameter was assessed using ImageJ software and the results were compared using one-way ANOVA.
Results: We obtained bead-free uniform fibers with various tested solution concentrations. One-way ANOVA analysis demonstrated significant variation in mean fiber diameter of the electrospun fibers with altering applied voltage, solution concentration, flow rate and spinneret-collector distance.
Conclusion: The above-mentioned electrospinning parameters and solution concentration influence the mean fiber diameter of electrospun PLGA nanofibers.
Aplicação do método de reconhecimento de padrões em um experimento linguístico com classificação supervisionada
Authors: Issmael Junior Ali Kamel , Manhães Aline Gesualdi , Calvano José Vicente
Published: May 2021

Potenciais Relacionados a Eventos (ERP) são sinais elétricos biológicos sincronizados com estímulos sensoriais, cognitivos ou motores e medidos por eletroencefalógrafos (EEG). A técnica ERP permite a análise não invasiva das funções cerebrais. Com base nos resultados obtidos em um experimento linguístico de Soto (2014), este trabalho buscou a obtenção de cenários de classificação supervisionados para as classes propostas no trabalho mencionado, bem como o estudo comparativo e a discussão dos resultados de classificação encontrados, utilizando a metodologia proposta por Webb (2012).
Aquisição do plural irregular no Português Brasileiro: uma abordagem baseada em exemplares
Authors: Guimarães Daniela Mara Lima Oliveira , Silva Thais Cristófaro , Gomes Christina Abreu
Published: May 2021

Este artigo apresenta resultados de estudo sobre a aquisição do plural irregular no português brasileiro, especificamente, substantivos terminados em ão e substantivos terminados em ditongo oral decrescente, como em chapéu e lençol. Os dados foram coletados transversalmente, em grupos de participantes de 3 a 12 anos, em escolas públicas e privadas de Belo Horizonte, e analisados sob a perspectiva teórica da Teoria de Exemplares. Os resultados indicaram a relevância de fatores estruturais atrelados aos fatores de uso e relativos à frequência de padrões específicos. Apontaram também a importância da idade, associada ao tipo de escola, no uso do plural.
Furando as ondas: a contribuição de falantes à margem da estrutura social para a discussão sobre o significado social da variação
Authors: Lopes de Melo Marcelo Alexandre Silva
Published: May 2021

Este trabalho aborda a questão do estudo da avaliação social da variação a partir de resultados de estudos (produção e percepção) de uma variável sociolinguística junto a adolescentes socialmente marginalizados. A abordagem adotada difere da posição teórica assumida pelo modelo de ondas (ECKERT, 2012), em que se estabelece uma visão cindida de abordagens teóricas e metodologias usadas ao longo do tempo nos estudos sociolinguísticos. Assume-se que compreender o comportamento de indivíduos que estão à margem da estrutura social exige que se observe também o lugar que esses indivíduos ocupam na hierarquia social e a quais possibilidades formativas eles tiveram acesso.
Partículas associativas e argumentativas na língua wari’ (txapakura): o papel dos traços gramaticais de gênero e número
Authors: Calindro Ana , Oro Waram Xiyein Marcelina , Camargos Quesler Fagundes , Apontes Selmo Azevedo
Published: May 2021

Neste artigo, analisamos a estrutura argumental dos sintagmas verbais em duas variantes linguísticas da língua Wari’ (Pakaa Nova/Txapakura), Oro Waram e Oro Waram Xiyein (Rondônia – Brasil). Em termos metodológicos, os dados foram extraídos de narrativas tradicionais e obtidos a partir de elicitação de sentenças, por meio dos quais foram realizados testes sintáticos e semânticos. Como resultado, foram identificados dois conjuntos de partículas: as associativas, que têm a função de coordenar sintagmas nominais, e as argumentativas, que introduzem um novo argumento não nuclear na estrutura. Estas partículas variam em termos de número e gênero, o que reforça a existência de um sistema de concordância sensível a essas propriedades gramaticais, que nessa língua se realiza com o núcleo do sintagma nominal mais próximo. Logo, espera-se que este artigo contribua para o conhecimento das línguas naturais, uma vez que o Wari’ figura entre aquelas em que os traços gramaticais de gênero e número são relevantes para a realização das partículas associativas e argumentativas.
Confronting fact and theory in the discovery of Brazilian Portuguese grammar
Authors: Kato Mary
Published: May 2021

This paper shows interesting questions and results that one can obtain when we combine the variationist methodology with the generative theories in the analysis of data. We believe that, while the Principles and Parameters theory could provide us with predictions as to what kinds of correlation to find in real data, a well conducted empirical analysis could reveal new facts unaccounted for and correlated phenomena. Methodologically, formal grammars help the researcher to constrain the universe of formal factors to be considered and to formulate more explicit questions. The variationist methodology, in its turn, allows us to use not only syntactic variables, but also constraints of other modules of the language faculty. It can also distinguish results due to either innate principles or environmentally conditioned factors. This paper presents some of the interesting findings on Brazilian Portuguese regarding the Null Subject Parameter (NSP), a topic that has been dealt with from both diachronic and synchronic perspectives.---------------------------------------------------------------------------------CONFRONTANDO FATO E TEORIA NA DESCOBERTA DA GRAMÁTICA DO PORTUGUÊS DO BRASILEste trabalho mostra as interessantes questões e resultados que se obtém quando combinamos uma metodologia variacionista com a teoria gerativa na análise de dados linguísticos.  Nossa convicção é de que, enquanto a teoria dos Princípios e Parâmetros podia nos fornecer teorias sobre que tipos de correlações encontrar nos dados, uma análise empírica bem conduzida poderia nos revelar fatos novos e correlações não preditas. Do ponto de vista metodológico, enquanto os formalistas ajudam o pesquisador a restringir o universo de fatores a considerar, e a formular questões de pesquisa mais explícitas, a metodologia variacionista nos permite usar, não apenas fatores morfossintáticos, mas também fatores de outra natureza, Esta combinação também permite distinguir resultados devidos a princípios inatos, mas também a fatores socioambientais. Este trabalho nos apresenta alguns dos resultados de um tópico de investigação, o Parâmetro do Sujeito Nulo, que perpassa tanto o projeto diacrônico, quanto os sincrônicos.---Original em inglês.
Penalidade do Nome Repetido: um efeito multifatorial
Authors: Gondim Eva Vilma Aires Cabral , Leitão Marcio Martins , Barbosa Matheus De Almeida
Published: May 2021

Este artigo investigou o processamento anafórico de nomes repetidos e pronomes plenos em Português Brasileiro (PB), focando aspectos teóricos e metodológicos relacionados ao efeito da Penalidade do Nome Repetido (PNR), que consiste em um aumento de custo de processamento de nomes repetidos quando comparados com pronomes no estabelecimento da correferência.  Neste estudo, apresentaremos dois experimentos que conduzimos com a técnica de leitura automonitorada manipulando os fatores: tipo de retomada (nome repetido, pronome pleno); quantidade de antecedentes humanos (um ou dois antecedentes), e controlando a forma de segmentação/aferição do tempo de leitura (aferição do tempo de leitura apenas da retomada, aferição do tempo de leitura da sentença inteira que continha a anáfora). Os resultados encontrados apontaram para uma possível interação entre esses fatores influenciando a ocorrência ou não da PNR, fortalecendo a nossa hipótese geral de que essa penalidade é um efeito multifatorial, o que pode explicar os resultados divergentes encontrados na literatura sobre a PNR em PB.
Sintagmas nominais complexos: critérios formais e funcionais de identificação, com reflexos na construção do gênero acadêmico
Authors: Silva Vera Lucia Paredes Pereira da
Published: May 2021

O Sintagma Nominal contribui para a construção da referência e para a identificação do tópico discursivo. O SN complexo é um traço do uso formal da língua. Aqui foram analisados trinta Abstracts de pós-graduandos brasileiros nas áreas de Letras e Medicina. Os critérios de complexidade do SN foram o número de itens lexicais, a quantidade e o tipo de encaixes, o estatuto informacional e a ordem na oração. Uma análise comparativa de frequência de uso mostrou que neste gênero SNs complexos prevalecem, ocupando posições à esquerda e à direita do verbo. Isso torna o texto mais formal e dificulta sua produção/compreensão.
O remoto no ensino de língua na pandemia da Covid-19- Experimentação in vitro, experimentação in vivo
Authors: Mollica Maria Cecilia , Ribeiro Hadinei , Quadrio Andreia Cardozo
Published: May 2021

Neste estudo, demonstram-se mitos e verdades do ensino à distância, comprovando-se a complexidade na implementação do ensino remoto durante a pandemia da COVID 19. A investigação também discute e considera relevante a precisão dos métodos científicos da Ciência da Linguagem até atingir o ‘remédio’ certo para a construção do conhecimento, tal como as experimentações dos cientistas da saúde para chegar ao fármaco e à vacina que atenuem ou mesmo curem os quadros patogênicos. Na investigação, defende-se que a competência comunicativa, indispensável à interação entre os homens, é comprometida no remoto justamente por limitações das tecnologias, ainda que se propaguem suas funções positivas. Os dados da pesquisa se valem de mensagens trocadas entre mestres e alunos em várias séries do nível fundamental e médio, cujas classes são heterogêneas do ponto de vista de origem social, de conhecimento acumulado, de usos dinâmicos da linguagem. A análise das amostras recolhidas aleatoriamente é de cunho qualitativo e quantitativo e colocam a nu: (1) a enorme lacuna de construções sintáticas na interlocução ente professor e aluno; (2) a impossibilidade de identificação dos traços identitários e a singularidade dos discentes; (3)a natureza exclusiva do remoto na proposta de escola inclusiva com sujeitos portadores de diversas síndromes; (4) o remoto como mero repositório de atividades quase sempre não desenvolvidas. O artigo atesta mais verdades que mitos no remoto, que já estavam presentes na educação do país.  A intervenção orientada pela pesquisa básica é o remédio exitoso, se bem sucedida a experimentação in vivo, à boa performance dos ‘grupos com instrução’.