bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The method of determining the parameters of the soil prism formed in front of the dump during digging
Authors: Shevchenko Valerii , Olieinikova Oleksandra , Ragulin Vitaliy
Published: December 2023

Problem. The studied dynamic process of digging, taking into account the variable total moving mass of wheeled ZTM equipped with a dump, is not sufficient for the development of recommendations for selecting rational parameters for the performance of such a technological operation. The issue of determining and analyzing the parameters of the variable mass and volume of the material prism moved by the dumper has not been sufficiently investigated. There in no engineering technique that allows you to determine the parameters of the material prism that is gradually forming before dumping. Methodology. The measures are aimed at determining the parameters of the soil prism before the dump in the digging process using analytical dependencies. Results. For the processes of development and analysis of dynamic models of machines with a shovel working body for the stages of digging and transportation of material, it is necessary to take into account its mass in the form of mass attached to the mass of the machine itself. Originality. The obtained dependencies allow to take into account the variable mass of the attached material when performing the analysis of the bulldozer movement in the process of digging the environment being developed. Practical value. The obtained results can be recommended when studying the disciplines of industrial mechanical engineering
Energy aspects of automobile transport development
Authors: Borodenko Yuriy , Hnatov Andrii , Arhun Shchasiana , Sokhin Pavlo
Published: December 2023

Problem. Improving automobile transport means increasing fuel economy and environmental indicators. Fuel, in a broad sense, means energy used to activate the car's power plant. Potential energy is dispersed in the earth’s interior, on its surface, in the atmospheric air, and even in space. Moreover, some of them exist in different substances. On the one hand, the efficiency of an energy product use is assessed by its energy intensity; on the other hand, it is evaluated by the costs of its production (transportation) and the quality of its transformation into a consumer type of energy. Special attention is paid to renewable and unlimited kinds of energy sources. Goal. The purpose of the study is a qualitative analysis of the road transport development direction from the standpoint of the alternative energy sources use, taking into account the factors that comprehensively determine the economic and environmental indicators at the stages of production and processing of fossil raw materials, production of power plants and conversion, transformation, and transportation of energy in the field of transport technologies. Methodology. The first direction consists of the adaptation (conversion) of the design of thermal internal combustion engines for alternative liquid or gaseous fuel types. The advantage of this approach is minimal costs for engine conversion and fuel production. The second approach involves using hybrid power plants, consisting of a main and auxiliary engine, an energy source or accumulator, an energy converter, and a braking recuperation system. The third direction is the use of non-traditional energy sources. Results. The directions of the development of power plants for motor vehicles related to the increase in the energy density of hydrocarbon fuels, the use of hybrid power plants, and the use of alternative energy sources have been determined. A qualitative assessment of the considered approaches is given. Originality. A comprehensive approach to evaluating the effectiveness of using alternative types of energy in road transport is considered in terms of energy, economic, and environmental indicators. Practical value. The obtained results can be regarded as recommendations when drawing up plans for the evolution of industries of fossil extraction and transformation of other energy resources, the development of motor vehicles, and transport infrastructure technologies, taking into account the natural and industrial potential of the country
Erythrina Subumbrans Compress To Reduce Fever Of Children With Hyperthermia
Authors: Alfika Awatiszahro  , Betanuari Sabda Nirvana  , Khofidotur Rofiah  , Putri Riga Sefika  , Hidayatul Ulum
Published: December 2023

Fever is one of the side effects that occur in the body when getting an attack from outside such as infections due to viruses, bacteria and others and is not the main diagnosis. The content of spare dadap leaves is saponins, flavonoids, polyphenols, tannins, and alkaloids. One of the contents of spare dadap leaves that function as antipyretics is alkaloids and ethanol. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of spare dadap leaves on reducing body temperature in children with hyperthermy. This research design is Pre-Experimental with  a one group pre-test-post  test design which in this design allows researchers to test changes that occur after the treatment The number of samples in this study was 15 respondents.  This research was conducted from October to November 2022 at PMB Mrs. S Ngawi Regency in 2022.Statistical tests obtained p values of 0.001 < 0.05, meaning that there is an effect of spare dadap leaf compress on reducing body temperature of children with hyperthermy. Based on the results of the study, it can be concluded that spare dadap leaf compresses can be used as an alternative to reduce fever in children with hyperthermy.
Economic efficiency of smallholder okra (Abelmoschus species) production in Kaduna State, Nigeria: Implication for poverty alleviation
Authors: ALABI Olugbenga Omotayo , IHEGWUAGU Nnemeka , ISAH Hassan , ABİLORO Adeniyi , SİMPA James , HARUNA Ezekiel , ALUWONG Jeremiah
Published: December 2023

This study evaluated economic efficiency of smallholder okra (Abelmoschus species) production in Kaduna State, Nigeria: Implication for poverty alleviation. A multi-stage sampling technique was used to select 120 smallholder okra farmers. Primary sources of data were used. Data were analyzed using farm budgetary technique, financial analysis, stochastic production frontier model, allocative efficiency model, economic efficiency model, Tobit dichotomous regression model, and principal component model. The results show that the mean age of smallholder okra farmers was 43 years. Averagely, okra farmers had 1.8 hectares of farm land. The gross margin and net farm income of okra production per hectare was estimated at 619,325.77 Naira and 559, 194.76 Naira respectively. This signifies that the smallholder okra production was profitable. The mean technical, economic, and allocative efficiency scores were 0.7918, 0.5338, and 0.8345 respectively. The socio-economic factors influencing economic efficiency of smallholder okra production include: age (P<0.01), educational level (P< 0.10), marital status (P< 0.01), household size (P <0.01), farm size (P<0.01), and member of cooperative organization (P<0.05). The major constraints encountered by okra producers were lack of farm inputs, lack of credit facilities, and high cost of labour. The study recommended that farmers should be provided with improved variety of seeds, chemicals, credit facilities, and fertilizer inputs in order to increase their productivity and efficiency.
Determination of the growth and survival characteristics of the kids of damascus goat x kilis goat F1 under breeding conditions
Authors: ŞİRELİ Halit Deniz , KURTAY Tuba , TURAN Murat
Published: December 2023

This study aimed to investigate the survival rate and growth performance of the kids of Damascus x Kilis goat F1 bred under intensive conditions. 37 male and 33 female kids of 54 dams (Damascus x Kilis F1 goats) in an enterprise of intensive dairy goat breeding in the Bismil district of Diyarbakır province were used in the study. The birth weight of kids and their monthly weights up to 7 months of age were determined. In the study analyzing the growth and development characteristics of kids of Damascus x Kilis F1 goats up to 210 days of age, it was determined that their mean live weights on the 0th (birth), 30th, 60th, 90th, 120th, 150th, 180th, and 210th days were 3.96±0.124, 7.47±0.306, 10.99±0.506, 13.71±0.592, 15.54±0.643, 24.08±1.019, 22.22±1.033, and 27.51±1.168 kg for males, respectively; whereas, the mean live weights of females were 3.40±0.128, 6.46±0.312, 9.61±0.490, 12.29±0.584, 15.79±0.772, 22.40±0.856, 22.60±0.809, and 24.11±0.937 kg, respectively. Given the type of birth, the mean live weights were found to be 4.12±0.124, 7.42±0.338, 11.29±0.549, 13.89±0.691, 16.51±0.764, 24.08±1.132, 24. 31±1.146 and 26.92±1.269 kg in singleton kids, and 3.28±0.103, 6.58±0.289, 9.42±0.418, 12.20±0.459, 14.83±0.608, 22.51±0.745, 22.74±0.753, and 24.90±0.915 kg in twins, respectively. Also, in the study the effect of sex and birth type on various period weights was analyzed and it was found that birth type had a significant effect (P<0.005) on birth weight, and live weights on the 60th and 90th days, while the effect of sex was insignificant. When the survival capacity of the kids was analyzed, the kids were observed to die at the time of birth, but there was no death in the later periods and the survival capacity was found to be 100% from birth until the 210th day.
Family Planning Programs and Food Security in Nigeria: A Quantitative Approach
Authors: Adaki Andeskebtso Yohanna
Published: December 2023

The issue of food security remains a pressing global concern, particularly in emerging nations facing the challenges of rapid population expansion, constrained agricultural resources, and inadequate infrastructure. Amidst Nigeria's persistent struggles with food security aggravated by a swiftly growing population, this study undertook an examination of the efficacy of family planning interventions in ensuring sustainable food provision. A cohort of 120 participants from diverse Nigerian states participated in the study, responding to structured questionnaires. The collected data underwent SPSS software analysis, leading to tabulated data and percentages reflecting respondents' viewpoints. Through regression analysis, the study found a statistically significant relationship between the implementation of family planning programs and food security. Findings revealed that for every unit increase in the effectiveness of family planning initiatives, there was a consequential increase of 0.315 units in food security, showcasing a notably positive impact. This association, reflected by a Beta coefficient of 0.531, underscores the substantial influence of these programs on improving food security. These results highlight the potential efficacy of strategic implementation of family planning interventions as a crucial mechanism in alleviating Nigeria's food security concerns amidst rapid population growth. In response to these identified challenges, the research articulated recommendations aimed at addressing these issues. They encompassed measures like improved educational initiatives, enhanced accessibility to services, heightened public awareness campaigns, bolstered support for women, and the reinforcement of healthcare infrastructure.
LockBit Black Ransomware On Reverse Shell: Analysis of Infection
Authors: Eliando Eliando , Warsito Ary Budi
Published: December 2023

This research was conducted due to the widespread occurrence of ransomware attacks, especially in Indonesia, against data that is at the endpoint and has even reached the banking sector. to estimate the likelihood of future ransomware infections. LockBit 3 ransomware aka LockBit Black is ransomware that has penetrated one of the banks in Indonesia, along with a reverse shell which is an infection method that cannot be recognized by every protection so that when combined it can penetrate all sides of protection. The method used to research the combination of ransomware and reverse shell is a hybrid analysis with a combination of static and dynamic analysis, to see every capability that can be carried out by the LockBit Black ransomware and channeled through the reverse shell. In this research, we can see the real impact of the attack and estimate protection in the future from the results of this analysis so that variant ransomware attacks from LockBit can be overcome.
Analysis of Classification Algorithm Performance on User Review Sentiment of the Muamalat DIN Application
Authors: Baihaqi Wiga Maulana , Yunita Ika Romadoni , Damayanti Aulia Shafira Tri , Akhaerunnisa Luthfi
Published: December 2023

Banking applications have become an integral part of modern society. One such application is Muamalat DIN, launched by Bank Muamalat Indonesia with the aim of facilitating customers in conducting various transactions and activities. User reviews of this application vary widely, ranging from positive to negative comments. The purpose of this study is to evaluate user attitude on reviews of Bank Muamalat Indonesia's digital banking product, the Muamalat DIN application. This research offers insights into the efficacy of the SMOTE balancing technique compared to undersampling by utilizing a methodology that includes data collection via scrapping techniques, data preprocessing, and the application of Multi Layer Perceptron (MLP), XGBoost, and LightGBM classification algorithms. The results show that SMOTE-paired XGBoost works better for sentiment categorization. The study's conclusion emphasizes the significance of choosing the right data balancing method to increase sentiment analysis's accuracy in Islamic banking applications, which can be used as a foundation for strategies aimed at enhancing customer service and making decisions.
Exploration of the Project Risk Management Framework for Information Technology Companies
Authors: Ghozali Isnen Hadi Al , Samidi Samidi , Handoko Andy Rio
Published: December 2023

Based on CHAOS 2020: Beyond Infinity Overview, reported by the Standish Group, only 31% of  IT projects were successfully implemented, while 50% of projects were challenged and 19% of projects failed. Many project managers less awareness about SRM and have a partial understanding of risk. The purpose of this study is to develop a project risk management framework for listing companies in the information technology sector. The sample for this study is 35 annual reports of technology companies listed on IDX. This study identified 122 types of project risks from 33 companies' annual reports. This study uses an exploratory study approach. The proposed framework includes three stages, namely the root cause, risk assessment, and performance stages. At the root cause stage, the identification of risks from elements of the business environment becomes the basis for measuring risk treatment. In the next stage, the identified risk treatment is measured through identify, analysis, and verification activities with the support of communication, documentation, and evaluation. The measurement results are classified into three major dimensions, namely cost, time, and quality. The final stage of the framework is in the form of residual performance risk and a risk mitigation action plan.
METHODS FOR PRODUCING LACTIC ACID USING YEAST STRAINS CONSTRUCTED BY CUTTING-EDGE METHODS OF GENETIC ENGINEERING
Authors:   Department of biodegradable polymer materials, Reshetnev Siberian state university, Krasnoyarsk, Russia, Ertiletskaya N.L. , Sukhanova A.A. ,   Department of biodegradable polymer materials, Reshetnev Siberian state university, Krasnoyarsk, Russia
Published: December 2023

Methods for producing lactic acid using yeast strains constructed by cutting-edge methods of genetic engineering are discussed in the review. Some of the latest studies and patents on increasing the productivity of yeast strains producing lactic acid and improving their characteristics using genome editing methods, as well as imparting the ability to synthesize lactic acid to new yeast strains that have not previously been used for this purpose are presented. New yeast strains producing lactic acid are obtained by transforming the original strains with plasmid vectors carrying a foreign lactate dehydrogenase gene or an existing enhanced one. To introduce a foreign gene into a plasmid, homologous recombination is mainly used, which underlies the modern method of genome editing by CRISPR-Cas9. To enhance an existing gene, plasmids in which genes encoding enzymes of competing metabolic pathways are knocked out, or plasmids with increased copies of the LDH gene and an enhanced corresponding promoter are developed. In addition, by editing the genome of yeast cells, it is possible to increase their acid tolerance, reduce the synthesis of by-products, and impart the ability to use new substrates for the synthesis of lactic acid.
MODELING OF THE EPIGENETIC MEMORY SYSTEM WITH TRANSCRIPTIONAL REPRESSION AND DNA METHYLATION
Authors:   Ufa Institute of Biology of the Ufa Federal Research Centre of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Ufa, Russia, Galimzyanov A.V.
Published: December 2023

The in silico model of the epigenetic memory system synthesized in Escherichia coli [Maier et al., 2017, Nat. Comm., 8:15336] was developed. The system includes an artificial memory operon with DNA methyltransferase CcrM from Caulobacter crescentus methylating the promoter of this operon, and an engineered transcriptional repressor gene ZnF that blocks the same promoter in an unmethylated state. The memory operon, which is located on the maintenance plasmid, is controlled by a trigger plasmid carrying a specific arabinose-inducible operon. The artificial trigger operon functions as part of an expanded arabinose regulon. An additional model is used to describe the operation of the latter. The unified model of the memory control system takes into account positive and negative control by the regulatory protein araC, negative feedback self-regulation and negative direct, methylation-sensitive regulation by the ZnF protein, and DNA methylation. The models are built in the language of the formalism of the dynamic theory of molecular genetic control systems. The models were calculated in the SETIES software package to analyze the dynamics of control gene networks, dynamic epigenes and cell ensembles. Computer experiments have shown that the switch has two alternative functional modes, each of which is stable in a series of successive cell divisions. Both modes are characterized in terms of the molecular component dynamics of the artificial memory operon, the trigger operon, and the natural L-arabinose catabolism operon.
Synthesis, Characterization and Antimicrobial Study of Polyacetal-Co complex/Nano Chitosan polymer blend
Authors: Maha A. Younus  , Sumayha Muhammed Abass
Published: December 2023

Polycyclicacetal was prepared by the reaction of PEG with 4-nitrobenzaldehyde. Cobalt was used for producing a polymer metal complex and solution casting was used to produce a polymer blend including nano chitosan. All produced compounds have been characterized by FT-IR, DSC/ TGA, and SEM techniques as well as biological activity. The production of polyacetal is illustrated by the FT-IR analysis. The DSC/TGA results indicate the prepared polymer blends' thermal stability. Staphylococcus aureas, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Bacillus subtilis, and Escherichia coli were the four types of bacteria selected to study and evaluate the antibacterial activity of produced polyacetal, its metal complex, and polymer blend. Results indicates that there is a greater potential to kill bacteria by increasing the amount of polyacetal-Co complex.
Using Chemerin and Inflammation Markers to Predict Coronary Ar-tery Disease in Metabolic Syndrome Patients
Authors: Hanoush Noor , Fahad Salahaldin Mohammed , Abdulmageed Lara
Published: December 2023

The systemic inflammation plays a role in both metabolic syndrome (MetS) and coronary artery disease (CAD). This study was undertaken to determine chemerin's role and inflammation indicators in the emergence of CAD in MetS patients.  The study was conducted on 120 subjects (male and female), whose ages (35 to 65)years. The study subjects divided into three groups which are 45  MetS patients with CAD and 40 MetS patients without CAD, and 25 control, who underwent coronary angiography for the evaluation of CAD. The chemerin level, as well as the levels of inflammatory markers such as interleukin-6 (IL-6), high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), leptin, and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELIZA). The results show that the concentrations of chemerin, TNF-α, leptin, and Il-6 were significantly elevated in MetS patients with CAD compared with control group. Triglycerides, cholesterol, and LDL-C were significantly increased, while HDL-C was significantly decreased in MetS patients compared with control. The present study show that chemerin is associated with markers of inflammation and predictors such as IL-6, hs-CRP and TNF-alpha, which important risk factors determining CAD in Iraqi subjects with MetS. Adipokines might also be seen as crucial clinical biomarkers and pharmacological targets for lowering the mortality and incidence of CAD in MetS patients.
Enhancing Alzheimer's Disease Diagnosis: Leveraging Convolutional Neural Networks for Feature Extraction and KNN Classification
Authors: Alhachami Marwa
Published: December 2023

Detecting Alzheimer's disease (AD) accurately is crucial for early patient management, allowing for proactive steps to minimize irreversible brain damage. AD-related cognitive decline varies in severity, from mild cognitive impairment to mild, moderate, and severe dementia. Early AD detection serves various purposes, such as reducing healthcare costs, slowing brain degeneration, and enhancing treatment outcomes. Machine learning techniques, especially in MRI image analysis, have gained significance in AD diagnosis. In our research, we've employed a deep learning model with convolutional layers for extracting essential information from MRI scans. Additionally, we've utilized the gray wolf meta-heuristic algorithm to identify optimal features. These features are then used in a K-nearest neighbors (KNN) classifier to categorize AD into three distinct types (very mild, mild, and moderate) while distinguishing normal and healthy cases. Our approach achieved an impressive accuracy rate of 95.6% when tested.
Assessment of Tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-1 and many biochemical parameters in patients with chronic hepatitis B in Tikrit city
Authors: Abdulla Iman Ahmed
Published: December 2023

Abstract— The main objective of this cross-sectional investigation was to assess biomarkers associated with liver fibrosis, namely Tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase 1 TIMP-1, Glutamate-pyruvic transaminase GPT, glutamic-oxaloacetic transaminase GOT, and Alkaline phosphatase ALP. which conduct in Tikrit University, College of Science /Biology Department the study samples collected from  patients in Dialysis Unit in Tikrit Teaching Hospital, ninty subjects where sub-divided to 60 patients of age (20– 68) years, the Ages of Patients Chronic hepatitis B Ranged From (20-67) years( 19 males and 11 females ) And The Ages Of Patients with chronic hepatitis B  suffered of chronic kidney diseases  (24-68) Years ( 18males and 12 females) and 30 as control group aged (20-67) years, in this investigation Enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kites were employed to assess serum concentrations of (TIMP-1), Whereas used Monarch-240 to detect the activity of enzymes such as GPT, GOT and ALP.

The findings of the present investigation demonstrated in chronic hepatitis patients there were significant increased (P≤0.05) in the levels of TIMP-1, and activity of GPT and ALP whereas no significant rise (P≥0.05) for activity of GOT when compared with control.   In patients with chronic hepatitis B (CHB) suffered of chronic kidney diseases(CKD) there were significant raised (P<0.05) in the levelsTIMP-1, ALT and ALP while no significant rised (P≥0.05) in levels of AST when compared with control.

Current data suggest that TIMP-1 can be a promising biomarker of active fibrogenesis, after HBV chronic infection.
Closed-Small Submodules and Closed-hollow Modules.
Authors: Hashim Esraa
Published: December 2023

The aim of this study is to present the concept of closed-small submodule and closed-hollow module as generalization of small and hollow concepts respectively. As evidence, attributes of these ideas. Moreover, we study the concept of the closed-Radical of   as a generalization of Radical module .
A Review of Afamin A Metabolic Novel Marker of Many Diseases
Authors: Layla
Published: December 2023

Human plasma vitamin E-binding glycoprotein afamin is mostly produced in the liver and released into the circulation. The review in this study related to a glycoprotein afamin marker that is important in many disease(Type 2 diabetes mellitus,cancer,obesity , Gestational diabetes mellitus,oxidative stress,and metabolic syndrome. Although ovarian follicles and human cerebrospinal fluid also contain sizable amounts of AFM, the liver is the main organ that generates it. Though there are minor AFM manifestations have been also reported in the human heart, testis, brain, kidney, and ovary. Afamin is promising metabolic novel marker for gestational diabetes,type 2 diabetes mellitus  cancer,metabolic syndrome,and related disease.
On Particle Swarm Optimization Algorithm
Authors: Abdul Hamza Hanan
Published: December 2023

The swarm particle optimization algorithm is among the most important tools in finding the optimal solution to nonlinear optimization problems. The main goal of this research is an expanded study by developing an effective algorithm to find the optimal solution based on the speed of convergence. The study also included comparing the results with an algorithm with the same orientation. The results showed the superiority of the developed algorithm based on the results obtained
Enhancement of E-Banking System in Iraq by web application-based authentication system using face recognition
Authors: Jameel Mareim Mahmoud
Published: December 2023

Enabling customers to access their bank accounts electronically brings many benefits, facilitating interaction between customers and banks, and saving time and effort. Customers no longer need to visit physical bank branches or exchange manual transactions. This transformation can be achieved through a strong electronic authentication system that allows customers to access their bank accounts without visiting a bank branch. The foundation of this system is a powerful and unique biometric authentication feature – facial recognition. Have developed a web application that uses real-time facial recognition for electronic banking systems. Iraqi banks previously lacked such advanced methods of electronic authentication, and research seeks to fill this gap. Implementing this system increases customer confidence regarding the security of their accounts. By using a real-time web application that processes real data, the system can accurately identify and tag individuals, and grant or deny them access as appropriate.  Two web applications were created, the first using Olivette's global database for image matching and recognition. The second real-time application allows users to access their bank accounts by taking instant photos of them, and detecting, processing, and identifying the people in the photos. If an unauthorized person gains access, access will be denied. Using the Principal Component Analysis (PCA) algorithm in conjunction with the Eigenface technique and the Support Vector Machine (SVM) classifier, it is possible to achieve high accuracy in face recognition in both web programs. Specifically, able to achieve an accuracy of up to 92% and then improve it to 94%.
Effects of Betaine and Kaempferol On some criteria related to glucose homeostasis in Methionine Over Load Rats -part 2
Authors: Ali Faisal
Published: December 2023

This study was designed to evaluate the role of Kaempferol(KPF) and Betaine (BET) in attenuating deleterious effects of methionine overload on some parameters related to diabetes in rats. Thirty (30) adult rats were randomly selected and divided equally into five experimental groups and treated for 45 days as the follows: G1:Rats in this group served as control, Rats in all other groups (G2,G3,G4 and G5 were received 100mg/kg B.W of D-L methionine in drinking water, and received orally as follows:  Rats in group G3 were given 150 mg/kg b.w. of KPF, rats in group G4were given 250 mg/kg b.w. BET, rats in group G5 were given 150 mg/kg b.w. of KPF , 250 mg/kg b.w. BET. Fasting blood sample were collected by cardiac puncture technique at the end of the experiments and serum were collected for estimation glycemic indices,. C-peptide and B12 concentration. The results of the experiment that showed given D-L methionine for 45 days(G2group) caused disturbance in glycemic indices as detected by elevation in serum glucose and decrease in serum insulin hormone concentration) and decrease in serum C-peptide and B12 concentration. While oral intubation of KPF and BET or their combination caused correction of all recorded parameters.
Construction Of an Ideal Topological Space From Undirected Graphs
Authors: Aljeafry Noor noaman alown
Published: December 2023

Graph theory, which is used effectively in many field from science to liberal arts, has very important place in our lives. As a result of this , the ideal topological structure of the graphs is studied by many researchers. In this paper ,investigate the topological spaces generated by cycle graph. The ideal topological space is obtained by deleting one of the edges of the cycle graph, then we take the largest tree graph through its vertices , we get the ideal topological space.
A Review of Modern Methods of Synthesis 1, 3, 4-Oxadiazole as a Bioactive Compounds
Authors: Adeeb Hajar
Published: December 2023

ABSTRACT: Oxadiazole ring is a heterocyclic molecule with an oxygen and two nitrogen atoms spread throughout its five-membered structure. There are four different isomers that have been discovered, Because of their wide applications in a range of sectors, including medications . Some of these biological activity are; anticonvulsant capacity, anticancer as well, antibacterial, antiviral, antifungal,  antimalarial, antitubercular, anti-asthmatic, antidepressant, antidiabetic, antioxidant, antiparkinsonian, analgesic and  anti-inflammatory, are just some of the therapeutic uses that have drawn attention to drug candidates containing an oxadiazole moiety. This review, we will examine the various methods of oxadiazole synthesis. The molecular docking of some oxadiazole compounds has been studied to investigate the active derivatives and to evaluate their activity. The synthesis of the oxadiazole ring has sparked a lot of attention since then. A large number of oxadiazole derivatives, as well and methods, were reported New antimicrobial drugs have been developed from a number of different areas in recent years in an effort to reduce the prevalence of drug-resistant bacteria. Furthermore, this review touches upon the importance of structural modification in fine-tuning the biological activities of 1,3,4-oxadiazole derivatives. By altering the substituents and the position of functional groups, researchers can tailor the pharmacological properties to target specific diseases or conditions, making them highly versatile and attractive in drug discovery.
Inhibitory Activity of 4-(Dimethyl amino) benzaldehyde Schiff Bases: Synthesis and Characterization
Authors: Hamid Sura
Published: December 2023

The schiff bases were prepared by reacting 4-(dimethyl amino)benzaldehyde with different amino derivatives. These compounds were characterize by FT-IR, 1H-NMR, and 13C-NMR. Biological activity of all of the synthesis compounds were studied at three different concentrations against two types of positive and negative bacteria and compared with the drug azithromycin.
Comprehensive on Exploring Advanced Ciphering for Enhanced Data Protection: Review
Authors: G.mohammed Sajaa
Published: December 2023

Stage cipher. data protection; encryption; Cyber security ; open encryption; hidden communications; saving information; Encryption algorithms. Hidden Markov models; convolutional neural networks; e-learning; hide pictures; acoustic masking; Video data masking; Hide texts; electronic watermarks; Cryptanalysis. Data and information theory; Measures of the quality of information hiding
investigation of the physiology effects of amikacin and the protective role of L- carnittine and vitamin C in adult male rats
Authors: Habeeb Akmam
Published: December 2023

the aim of this study is to show the powerful role  of amikacin without or with L-carnitine or vitamin C in some bodily criteria  this can give more insight on how to use amikacin with or without additives the animals were divided into four groups 12 for each group the first group as a countrol group was injected with amikacin 30mg/kgb.w for 28 days.the third group was dosed with vitamin C500 mg/kgb.w and amikacin injection 30mg/kgb.w for 28 days the fourth group was administered .the blood samples taken from the animals were slaughtered when the experment was completed as a result of exposure to amikacin we notice an increase significantly in the level of cholesterole T.G.,LDL,VLDL,ALT,AST,CPK,MDA compared with control group and other groups in contrast with HDL while noted nearly no-significantly (p>_0.05)level of cholesterol ,T.G, LDL,VLDL,HDL,ALT,AST,CPK,MDA in male rats of the third and  fourth groups compared with control group the studys conclusion indicates that amikacin has a wide range of physiological adverse effects as a result antioxidants such as L-carnitine and vitamin C are recommended as a protective measure against amikacin.
Honeywords Generation Technique based on Meerkat Clan Algorithm and WordNet
Authors: A.Ahmed Maher
Published: December 2023

The efficiency of the Honeywords approach has been proven to be a significant tool for boosting password security. The suggested system utilizes the Meerkat Clan Algorithm (MCA) in conjunction with WordNet to produce honeywords, thereby enhancing the level of password security. The technique of generating honeywords involves data sources from WordNet, which contributes to the improvement of authenticity and diversity in the honeywords. The method encompasses a series of consecutive stages, which include the tokenization of passwords, the formation of alphabet tokens using the Meerkat Clan Algorithm (MCA), the handling of digit tokens, the creation of unique character tokens, and the consolidation of honeywords. The optimization of the performance of the Meerkat Clan Algorithm (MCA) involves the careful selection of parameters. The experimental findings have exhibited noteworthy levels of precision and optimum efficacy, particularly in tasks such as proposing words with similar meanings, forecasting numerical values, and producing distinctive symbols. The attainment of this achievement is facilitated by a confluence of factors, encompassing the caliber of data, the judicious use of algorithms or models, and the ongoing process of iterative improvement to consistently enhance outcomes. In order to achieve the appropriate levels of accuracy and functionality, it is crucial to engage in the process of conducting experiments, thoroughly testing the system, and making necessary improvements. The empirical findings provide confirmation of the effectiveness of the MCA in producing a varied and protected collection of honeywords. This is especially evident in the case of alphabet tokens, which are distinguished by their autonomous creation and strong security characteristics. The analysis of correction rates, specifically in relation to the password "Lion1999*," demonstrates the aforementioned results. This study reveals an average accuracy of honeyword production up to 0.729847632111541. In the same manner, the accuracy of the password "house2000" is determined to be 0.761325846711256. Additionally, when considering a sample of 100 passwords, the mean accuracy of honeyword creation is calculated to be 0.7073897168887518. The findings collectively highlight the effectiveness of the MCA in generating honeywords that possess improved security characteristics.
Epidemiological and diagnosis study of Entamoeba histolytica in diabetic patients at Kut city
Authors: Challoop Aula A.Challoop
Published: December 2023

The current study was conducted on patients with diabetes mellitus and those infected with Entamoeba histolytica who were attended to Al-karamah Teaching Hospital and some private laboratories in the city of Kut-Iraq for the period from August to September, 2023 at the ages ranging from 20-70 years. A total of 50 feces samples were collected; 30 male and 20 female. Only 15 samples (30%) were given positive results to E.histolytica; male 9 (18%) and female 6(12%). Samples were examined microscopically by direct smear then stained with iodine. The prevalence of E.histolytica infection in patients from urban areas was more than rural areas and in male more than female.
"Integrating Entanglement and Causal Processes in Human Sciences: The Applications of CMM and MPI"
Authors: Borges Flores Ana
Published: December 2023

Some fields in science, particularly in the study of macroscopic entanglement (ME), the concept of independent experiments is crucial for validating findings and theories. The replication studies conducted by Flores in 2016, 2017, and 2018, 2023, serve as pivotal examples in this context. These studies, utilizing the Correlation Matrix Method (CMM), as instrumental in examining the effects of the Non-Transmission (NT) axiom and the phenomenon of decoherence within ME (Macroscopic Entanglement).
Using Whiteboards as Active Responding to Make Higher Education More Inclusive
Authors: Clavijo-Alvarez Alvaro Arturo , Urbano Mejia Cristian Yesid , Molano-Gallardo Juan Pablo , Suárez Laura , Villalba Julián Zanguña
Published: December 2023

Active responding strategies improve learning and increase students' engagement. This study evaluated the effect of whiteboards, an effective and low-cost active responding strategy, on the students' perception of inclusion and frequency of their participation in class. All the 54 undergraduate students enrolled in a course on motivation went through the two conditions that comprised this study. In one section of each class, the students actively responded to their professor questions by writing on whiteboards; during the other section, they didn’t use boards but voluntarily raised their hands. Students reported a higher perception of inclusion during sections with whiteboards than in the sections without them. The frequency of their voluntary responses was higher in the sections without whiteboards.
A history of the Institute for Advanced Studies (IHS) in Vienna based on its key figures
Authors: Huber Andreas , König Thomas
Published: December 2023

The IHS was established in Austria with funds from an American foundation. With the intention to introduce modern empirical social and economic sciences to Austria (and Central Europe). After initial resistance, the institute was embraced by national political elites: in addition to providing postgraduate education for emerging scholars, it also functioned as a scientific think tank conducting applied, policy-relevant empirical research. This text provides a narrative account of the Institute's development and transformation, relying on specific metrics systematically evaluated from accessible sources, particularly annual budgets and staff composition. It portrays an organization consistently challenged by diverse expectations and grappling with the organizational and strategic limitations of deriving concrete objectives from this.
Animal bones with impact holes from the Upper Paleolithic sites of Byki
Authors:   Kurchatov Museum of Local Lore, Akhmetgaleeva Natalya , Burova Natalya ,   Institute for the History of Material Culture of the Russian Academy of Sciences
Published: December 2023

The work is focused on the analysis of two holes of impact origin on the tubular bones of ungulates from the Upper Paleolithic sites of Byki on the Seim River. The materials of the sites belong to the Bykovskaya archaeological culture of hunters on ungulates and small fur animals. The dating of the sites is about 20-19 kur BP. A detailed description of the features of the identified holes is given. Assumptions based on traceological analysis of the edges of the pits, the nature of the damage and the possible causes of their occurrence are considered. The first hole was recorded on the humerus of a horse from the Byki-1 site. It has elliptical shape and is located near the epiphysis on the lateral side of the diaphysis. It can be characterized as a perforated-depressed fracture of bone tissue. The nature of the damage to the bone indicates that the hole was caused by a close-range blow to soft tissue as a result of hunting activity. The second hole of impact origin is located on a fragment of a metatarsal bone of a reindeer from the Byki-7 (Ia) site. This is a figure-of-eight shape hole, located near the epiphysis. The bone is broken off along a similar hole located on the reverse side opposite the first hole. Presumably, this fragment of bone was part of some kind of item, and the holes were needed for fastening. However, the primary throwing origin of the holes cannot be ruled out.
FORENSIC PSYCHIATRIC STUDY OF PERSONS HAVING COMMITTED THEIR CRIMES ON SEXUAL BACKGROUND
Authors:   Chief forensic psychiatric expert of the department of forensic psychiatric examination of State institution ", Kozeratska О.А ,   Institute of Forensic Psychiatry of the Ministry of Health of Ukraine",   Doctor of Medical Sciences by specialty “Psychiatry”
Published: December 2023

This work presents the results of a scientific study having been carried out according to the plan of the thesis “Forensic psychiatric study of persons having committed their crimes on sexual background”. To achieve such a goal, the author has analyzed 287 sub-expert persons having committed their offenses on sexual basis and being under forensic psychiatric examination (FPE) at the Kyiv-City FPE in 2000-2015. During this FPE period, 70 injured persons were also examined to understand their possible victim behavior, their character traits as well as their social and demographic characteristics. The practical value of this study is due to the algorithm perfection for any forensic psychiatric investigation improving its quality and expert conclusion evidence. Such a fact is an additional guarantee for human rights protection permitting to avoid unreasonable appointment of the second examination and to reduce the period of expert study.
Reflections on My Editorial Praxis
Authors: Md. Mahmudul Hasan
Published: December 2023

University academics have teaching and research responsibilities and are expected to contribute to the corpus of knowledge. The respect and recognition they receive from the public are contingent upon their intellectual contributions. However, there are academics who do not put much effort into research and writing, or they produce written works of subpar standards. They may have impressive educational qualifications or research degrees but are often encumbered by insufficient diligence (if not insufficient talent) in academic activities. Such scholars lack competitive edge and do not fare well in publishing in top-tier journals. In this essay, I reflect on my editorial experience and discuss the discrepancy between the standing of a section of university academics and the quality of writing they produce.
Flippin’: Contemporary Filipino-American Stand-up Comedy and Abjection as a Tactic of In/exclusion
Authors: Maria Rhodora G. Ancheta
Published: December 2023

The rise of new, multicultural stand-up comics in the United States appears to have created new spaces for the presentation of long-peripheralised ethnic groups in the country. Deploying the observational humour, a signal contribution of American stand-up comedy, the stand-up comedy acts of contemporary Filipino- American comic artists provide a refocusing on Filipinos, on the Philippines, on Filipino migration to the United States, and on Filipino-American hybrid practices. Thus, they grant force and leverage to Filipino-Americans as a potent American ethnic group, especially as we consider the fact that they constitute the second-largest Asian-American group in the US. Based on this background, this paper aims to interrogate the re/de/constructions of the Philippines and Filipino- ness as transnational ideations that are sifted through the performance of these Filipino-American experiences in stand-up comedy across multimedia streams. It will focus on the contemporary stand-up comic act by Jo Koy, currently one of the most ubiquitous and famous of Filipino-American stand-up comics. Thus, to examine the Filipino/Philippines as transnational originary, and Filipino- American-ness as a nexus of these transnational traffics, the paper will use Julia Kristeva’s theory of abjection, supported by John Limon’s adoption and critique of this concept in his reference to stand-up comedy and humour.
A Cultural and Spiritual Cityscape: Manila Chinatown in Charlson Ong’s Blue Angel, White Shadow
Authors: Lily Rose Tope
Published: December 2023

Binondo, Manila’s Chinatown, is a sanctuary of the immigrant Chinese. It is a place where members of the Chinese community find things more familiar and comforting to them. As a commercial centre in Manila, its role in the economic life of Filipinos has often been highlighted. Charlson Ong’s novel, Blue Angel, White Shadows (2010), however, has painted it as the strange other, ominous and deadly. Ong’s contemporary Binondo is a place where identities have becomeintractable and Chineseness has become liminal. It has become an undesirable, frightening place where community disintegrates and humanity becomes a burden. The novel revolves around the mysterious death of a Filipino woman in Binondo. This article examines the existential and cultural questions that her death generates. Looking at Binondo as a dystopia, it will explore resulting ethnic anxieties and moral dilemma in the context of a Chinatown that has become more porous and therefore vulnerable to the unwanted socio-political osmosis from the external Filipino world.
Rabindranath Tagore’s Views on Camera, Cinema, and Film Adaptation
Authors: Shah Ahmed
Published: December 2023

From his first exposure to cinema to his engagement in film direction, Rabindranath Tagore progressively formulated his own ideas of celluloid art and expressed them during the burgeoning of cinema. Although he is regarded highly in adaptation studies, his views on camera, cinema and the cinematic adaptation of literature are not adequately discussed in adaptation/film discourses. Contrary to a general assumption that Indian cinema does not have a film theory of its own, some of his ideas can be connected with the theoretical erudition of cinema studies. However, as most of his pronouncements lie scattered in literary works, it is perhaps important to collate those piecemeal ideas and theorise them in an academic way. Given this background, this paper seeks to study Tagore’s views of cinema and literary adaptation as an instance of early discourse on filmmaking and literary adaptation.