bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The effects of different seed priming agents on improving emergence, growth, yield and essential oil percentage of purple coneflower (Echinacea angustifolia DC.) under field condition
Authors: Dapour Ahmed
Published: June 2022

Purple coneflower (Echinacea angustifolia DC. var. angustifolia) is an important medicinal plant in pharmacological industry. This plant is produced in commercial scale but their seeds exhibit low germination percentages under field conditions. Enhancing seed germination is thus crucial for improving the production of E. angustifolia. The influence of Ethephon, Gibberellic acid (GA3) and moringa leaf extract on emergence, growth attributes, yield attributing characteristics and essential oil percentage of purple coneflower (E. angustifolia) were investigated. Freshly harvested seeds of E. angustifolia were treated with 0.5, 1 and 2mM of ethephon, 2000 2500 and 3000mg/l of gibberellic acid (GA3) and 5, 10 and 15% of moringa leaf extract (MLE). Then, seeds were stratified at 4oC for 4 weeks in light. All the priming treatments were evaluated for the emergence, growth attributes, yield attributing characteristics and essential oil percentage. Among different treatments MLE-priming at 10% could be recommended, as it was the best in terms of final emergence percentage (96%), mean emergence time (4.78 days), α-amylase activity (52.15 IU/mg), total soluble sugars (61.41 mg/g), reducing sugars (54.19 mg/g), plant height (98.82 cm), number of branches (28.36), biological yield (14.08 ton/h) and root yield dry (8.88 ton/h) and essential oil percentage (0.62 %). Moringa leaf extract (10%) is recommended as a priming agent to overcome seed dormancy and improve the emergence, growth, yield and essential oil percentage of E. angustifolia.
Surgical training of residents in a COVID dedicated tertiary care teaching hospital: A questionnaire-based survey.
Authors: Jha Ashesh , Kumar Manoj , Paswan Anita , Kumar Sudeep , Raj Amit , Bharti Bhartendu
Published: June 2022

Background  An almost complete shutdown of routine clinical, surgical, and educational activities in a COVID dedicated facility can be detrimental to the training of surgical residents.
Method  In this study, we carried out anonymous online survey among study participants using structured questionaries to assess the impact of this pandemic on the training of surgical residents in a COVID-19-dedicated tertiary care teaching hospital.
Results  As per our findings, 68.96% of the respondents felt the prevailing situation affected their training. Moreover, 17.24% reported that their surgical training suffered, but it had given them more time to do research and study the theory of their specializations, whereas 13.79% felt that their training benefited from the pandemic.
Conclusion  Covid-19 pandemic has affected almost every aspect of our life. The training of surgical residents is but of no exception.
Sexual Patterns, Menstrual Health Status and Prevalence of Modern Contraceptive Use Among Reproductive Aged Females in Bosnia and Herzegovina During the Covid-19 Pandemic
Authors: Gavrankapetanovic Fatima , Sljivo Armin , Dadic Ilma , Kubat Alma
Published: June 2022

Background: Nowadays, most women of reproductive age utilize various methods of contraception to avoid undesired pregnancy and regualte menstrual cycles. Objective: The aim of this study is to evaluate current sexual patterns, menstrual health status and use of contraceptive methods in reproductive aged females in Bosnia and Herzegovina during the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted in the period between February 21st and March 5th 2022 via an online anonymous questionnaire which was distributed using social media platforms. Results: Menstrual periods were normally regular in 269 (85.7 %) of the females, whereas 45 (14.3 %) experienced irregular menstrual cycles. Females report having either one sexual partner 149 (47.5%) or no sexual partners 76 (24.2%) and typically no 92 (29.3%) or frequent (more than 8 sexual intercourses) sexual intercourses per month. The usage of contraceptive methods was reported among the majority 212 (67.5%) and mostly by using of male condom 104 (33.1%), followed by the withdrawal method 64 (20.4%), oral contraceptive pills 35 (11.1%), emergency contraceptive pills “after 24h” 2 (0.6%) and intrauterine device 7 (2.2%). The usage of contraceptive methods was higher among younger females (X2=18.07, p<0.001) and among those who were employed (X2=10.86, p<0.001). Those who used oral contraceptive pills used mostly pills that are combination of progesterone and oestrogen 32 (91.4%) and for the purpose of regulation of menstrual cycles 26 (74.2%) and to prevent unwanted pregnancies 9 (25.8%). Females who had no sexual intercourses per month (OR+0.27, 95% CI 0.09-0.79, p=0.018) were less likely, while those who had irregular menstrual cycles (OR=2.44, 95% CI 1.04-5.71, p=0.039) were more prone to use oral contraceptive pills. Conclusion: Bosnia and Herzegovina reproductive aged female had relatively regular menstrual cycles, the majority used modern contraceptive methods to prevent unwanted pregnancies or for the regulation of menstrual cycles during the COVID-19 pandemic.
Brixia Chest X-ray Severity Scoring System is in Relation with C-reactive Protein and D-dimer Values in Patients with COVID-19
Authors: Sofic Amela , Cizmic Midhat , Beslagic Eldina , Becirevic Muhidin , Mujakovic Aida , Selimovic Azra , Granov Lejla
Published: June 2022

Background: The Brixia scoring system interpreted chest X-ray changes, serves as an indicator of the extent of changes in the lung parenchyma. Objective: To indicate the effect of D-dimer and C-reactive protein (CRP) on Brixia score in patients with positive polymerase chain reaction (PCR) test for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Methods: The research had prospective, descriptive and analytical character, and included patients (n=104) with Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) diagnosis. Chest X-ray, as well as calculation of Brixia score was done on admission, in the first week of hospitalization, on discharge, and 10 days after discharge (the patient was considered a post-COVID patient. Maximum CRP and D-dimer values ​​were taken into account, along with data about dependence of mechanical ventilation and oxygen therapy. Results: Initial Brixia score was significantly associated with the values of CRP (r = .23, p <.05). Higher level of CRP affected the higher result on the Brixia score after the initial X-ray. High CRP and D-dimer were significantly associated with oxygen use in patients, while high D-dimer was also statistically significantly associated with comorbidity. The mean value of Brixia score (during four time points) was significantly related to the values of CRP, D-dimer, the use of mechanical ventilation and oxygen therapy, but also with the existence of comorbidities. The largest statistically significant positive correlaton of Brixia scora is with the values of D-dimer (r = .45, p <.000), but also with the values of CRP (r = .36, p <.000). Conclusion: Values of CRP have an impact on Brixia score. Investigation of clinical characteristics and outcomes of severe clinical presentation of COVID-19 along with CXR scoring system will contribute to early prediction, accurate diagnosis and treatment as well as to improve the prognosis of patients with severe illness.
Predominant HPV Types From Cervical Swabs Determined by Molecular DNA Testing in a Period From 2018-2021 in Bosnia and Herzegovina
Authors: Pasic Nejla , Kahvic Mirela , Karup Selma , Pecar Dino , Kandic Enis , Salihefendic Lana , Konjhodzic Rijad
Published: June 2022

Background: Human papillomavirus is a sexually transmitted infection and it is estimated that 75% of all women have been exposed to HPV infection in a certain period of life. High-risk types of HPV are considered to be one of the major causes of cervical cancer and its precursor intraepithelial neoplasia. Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate the degree of HPV infections and to provide more data on HPV genotype distribution among women in Bosnia and Herzegovina (B and H). Methods: Number of 375 samples were collected from different polyclinics in Sarajevo and were analyzed by Alea Genetic Center using Genomed f-HPV typing™ multiplex Fluorescent PCR kit for human papillomavirus genotyping. DNA required for this method is extracted from cervical swabs and amplified using a multiplex PCR reaction containing a set of 16 fluorescently labeled primers that recognize 16 HPV types. 14 HPV types are classified as high-risk (16, 18, 31, 33, 35, 39, 45, 51, 52, 56, 58, 59, 66, 68) and two are low-risk (6 and 11) HPV types. Results: Results showed that in the years 2018, 2019, and 2021, HPV type 16 is predominant causing the high-risk factor for CIN1, CIN2, CIN3, and cervical cancer development. HPV 18 infection rates decreased during the last four years of study. HPV 6 infection rates increased during that period of time. Conclusion: HPV 16 and HPV 18 are almost completely preventable by vaccination implying that the number of diagnosed cervical cancers in B and H could be much lower in the next decades if the HPV vaccination routine immunization program starts soon.
Association of Inherited Genotype and Severity of Clinical Presentation in Subjects with Verified Pas III Disorder
Authors: Beslic Vanja , Burekovic Azra , Drace Zahida , Asimi Zelija , Bostandzic Amela
Published: June 2022

Background: Polyglandular autoimmune syndrome type III (PAS III) is combination two most common autoimmune disease: Diabetes mellytus type 1 (DM1) and autoimmune thyroid disease (AITD). Objectives: The aims of the study were a) to define conection between polymorphism of CTLA-4 gene, rs 231775 with PAS III; b) to establish the conection of inherited genotype with severity of clinical features; and c) to estimate the rate of risk for severe clinical presentation among subgroups in study population. Metods: This research included 50 subjects with diagnosed PAS III syndrome, wich are on treatment in clinic for Nuclear medicine and andocrinology KCUS. As methods of research has used: hystory of disesase AND clinical examination. As material is used blood sample. From blood sample DNA was isolated withn Qiamp- DNA- mini kit, with accopanied protocol. Results: In our study, 50 patients with polyglandular autoimmune syndrome type III (PAS III) were examined, and in the study population had 26 female subjects and 24 male subjects. The average age of the participants was 31.64 years, and in the subgroups: group GWT (G-wild type) the average age was 30.20 years, group GM (G-mutated) 32.40 years and group GH (G-heterozygote) 30 , 60 years. Using the Chi-square test, the association between the polymorphism rs231775 and PAS-III was demonstrated, χ2 (2.100) = 18.258, where p < 0.0001. Using the Chi-square test, the association between the rs231775 polymorphism and the severity of the clinical picture, χ2 (2.50) = 8.531, where p< 0.0140 was proved. The CTLA-4 rs231775 genotypes were also assessed for disease severity. Conclusion: This study suggests that CTLA-4 expression plays a key role in balancing the immune system as well as the response against one’s own tissues, and thus in the regulation of autoimmune diseases.
Efficacy of 5-HT1F agonist versus CGRP-antagonists for treatment of acute migraine: A systematic review and network meta-analysis
Authors: Hiremath Sharanabasayyaswamy , Lokikere Srinivas
Published: June 2022

Background: Two new classes of drugs approved by USFDA for the treatment of acute migraine are non-peptide Calcitonin Gene-Related Peptide (CGRP) receptor antagonists (rimegepant and ubrogepant) and 5-HT1F receptor agonist lasmiditan. There are no clinical trials comparing these two classes of newer drugs.

Aim and Objectives: The present network meta-analysis was conducted with the objective to compare the efficacy of orally administered lasmiditan versus CGRP-receptor antagonists (rimegepant and ubrogepant) in the treatment of acute migraine.

Materials and Methods: Electronic database search in PUBMED and Cochrane library was conducted using MeSH search terms “Lasmiditan” AND “Migraine” for articles on lasmiditan; while MeSH terms “Ubrogepant” AND “Migraine;” “Rimegeapnt” AND “Migraine” were used for articles on CGRP-antagonists. Randomized or cross-over studies comparing efficacy of oral lasmiditan and two FDA approved CGRP-antagonists (rimegepant, and ubrogepant) versus other active treatment or placebo in adults with acute attack of migraine were included in the analysis. Incidence of 2 h pain-free event was the primary outcome measure while the incidence of 24 h pain-free was the secondary outcome measure compared. Both frequent and Bayesian network meta-analysis were conducted by CRSU MetaInsight software.

Results: In 12 eligible studies, seven interventions were compared with total 13795 patients analyzed in the network. Higher treatment ranking for 2 h and 24 h pain-free events was observed for lasmiditan 200 mg and rimegepant 150 mg, respectively.

Conclusions: There is strong evidence to conclude that lasmiditan at 200 mg is better drug for immediate (2 h) headache freedom. There is limited evidence to support rimegepant for sustained effect (beyond 24 h).
A study of new drug approval pattern of a Southeast Asian developed country from 2017 to 2021
Authors: Chavda Nilesh , Patel Nirav , Dhanani Jatin , Solanky Priti
Published: June 2022

Background: The pattern of new drug approval is changing across the world as shown by the study using Center for Drug Evaluation and Research and European Medicines Agency data in US and UK with more drug approval for anti-cancer and immunomodulator drugs. There is a need to generate similar database for developed South East Asian countries too.

Aims and Objectives: This study was conducted for one such country- Singapore for the new drug approval pattern of last 5 years (2017–2021).

Materials and Methods: This was a pharmacoepidemiological study, in which government drug regulatory website data available in public domain was searched. The new drug approval data were classified according to active ingredient, drug approval date, new drug application category, indication of drugs, and World Health Organization Anatomic Thoracic Classification.

Results: In this study, 418 new drug approvals were found in last 5 years in Singapore. From this maximum, drug approvals were given to anti-neoplastic and immunomodulator category drugs. In anti-neoplastic category new drugs approval few examples were Trastuzumab deruxtecan and Tucatinib for breast cancer therapy and Tepotinib and Capmatinib for non-small cell lung cancer therapy.

Conclusion: This study shows that drug development in anti-cancer drug and immunomodulator is significant in Singapore. This trend is quite matching with other country such as US and UK.
Associations Between Longitudinal Teacher Ratings of Hyperactivity/ Inattention and Academic Achievement Over a Four Year Period
Authors: Oner Ozgur , Vatanartiran Sinem , Karadeniz Sirin
Published: June 2022

Aim of the present study was to investigate whether 4-years continuity of teacher rated hyperactivity and inattention symptoms were associated with lower academic performance in language, mathematics, and total grade average. Gender, age, fluid IQ, previous academic level, and teacher reported Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ) total problems score at the first assessment were controlled in an urban low-middle-income-country setting. The follow-up sample with full SDQ data consisted of 967 students (boys: 523, 54.1%; girls: 444, 45.9%) from fifth to eight grades. Using cut-off 7 for SDQ Hyperactivity score for each assessment, the students were categorized into four groups: continued group (CG) (4.4%); declining group (DG) (6.9%); increasing group (IG) (9.0%); and consistently low (LG) group (79.6%). In the follow-up assessment, CG and IG had significantly higher SDQ scores when compared with both DG and LG and DG had significantly higher SDQ Hyperactivity and Total problems than LG. CG had significantly lower Mathematics, Language and Total average when compared with all other groups. IG and DG had significantly lower Mathematics, Language and Total average than LG. In regression analysis, odds ratios for CG students were between 5,1 to 7,4 for being in the lowest 25 percentile in all courses. These results imply that teacher reports of hyperactivity and inattention are significant predictors of academic failure, even when the symptoms are below threshold. Therefore, screening students for hyperactivity and inattention early and starting interventions early may be an effective policy to prevent academic failure.
THE BOUNDEDNESS OF CALDERÓN-ZYGMUND OPERATORS OF TYPE THETA ON GENERALIZED WEIGHTED LORENTZ SPACES
Authors: Minh Thái Hoàng , Đạt Nguyễn Văn Tiến , Phương Hoàng Nam , Dũng Trần Trí
Published: June 2022

Trong bài báo này, chúng tôi xét các toán tử Calderón-Zygmund loại  (xem Định nghĩa 1.3 và Định nghĩa 1.4 trong Phần 1) trên không gian Lorentz có trọng tổng quát , trong đó là một hàm thuộc lớp hàm trọng Muckenhoupt trên  và  là một hàm thuộc lớp hàm trọng Ariño-Muckenhoupt  trên  (xem Phần 1). Trong cấu hình này, chúng tôi thiết lập đánh giá từng điểm cho toán tử cực đại Hardy-Littlewood và toán tử cực đại nhọn (xem Bổ đề 2.3 trong Phần 2) bằng cách sử dụng bất đẳng thức Kolmogorov, bất đẳng thức Holder và các điều kiện của nhân chuẩn trong định nghĩa các toán tử Calderón-Zygmund loại . Nhờ vào đánh giá từng điểm quan trọng này, từ đó chúng tôi chứng minh rằng các toán tử Calderón-Zygmund loại  bị chặn trên không gian Lorentz có trọng tổng quát  (xem Định lí 2.4) bằng cách vận dụng các ý tưởng và kĩ thuật liên quan đến toán tử cực đại trong công trình của Carro và cộng sự (2021). Các kết quả chính nêu trên của chúng tôi mở rộng các kết quả tương ứng trong bài báo của Carro và cộng sự (2021).
Situational and Psychological Approach to the Personal Security of Endangered Judges, Prosecutors, and Investigators
Authors: Hadzhiyski Svetoslav
Published: June 2022

This article focuses on the situational and psychological approach that can enhance the effectiveness of the protection of endangered judges, prosecutors, and investigators. The idea was raised that risk assessment and the implementation of security would be more effective if the situation is viewed in a different way from the ordinary approach. The phenomenological view allows for a larger interpretation, which includes personal and external factors.
Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on the Development of Life Insurance Related to Investment Funds
Authors: Stoyanova Galina
Published: June 2022

The COVID-19 pandemic has launched a rethink and rearrangement of people’s priorities related to the protection of life, health, and body integrity, as well as responsible actions towards savings and investing funds for quality planning of the financial future. Fear of mortality, forced virtualization and blocked spending channels, such as savings, have aligned the role and importance of life insurance. The pandemic triggered a growth in life insurance related to investment funds.
The Importance of Safety in Contemporary Consumer Behaviour in the Tourism Market
Authors: Kurzeja Monika
Published: June 2022

Until recently, the tourism industry was treated as the most dynamically developing sector of the economy. Tourism affects the national economies of many countries in the world by creating new jobs and stimulating GDP. However, the tourism sector has been hit hard by restrictions on the movement of tourists in the wake of the COVID-19 health crisis. The coronavirus outbreak has negatively impacted the travel industry around the world. Another phenomenon that weakens the tourism industry, mainly in the region of Central and Eastern Europe, is Russia’s invasion of Ukraine, which causes concern among consumers of the tourism market. Already in the first days of Russia’s aggression against Ukraine, tourists from Western Europe and the USA were looking for information on security in Poland. In addition, the war in Ukraine may also lead to a decline in demand for tourism services in the country. Fear wins, and the tourism industry is threatened with a crisis, now when it was just beginning to recover from its COVID debts. The aim of the article is to analyze the role of safety in contemporary consumer behaviour in the tourism market. The work is both theoretical and practical.
GENETIC AND PHYSIOLOGICAL ASPECTS OF SILIQUE SHATTERING IN RAPESEED AND MUSTARD
Authors: MUSTAFA H.S.B. , MAHMOOD T. , BASHIR H. , HASAN E. , DIN A.M. , HABIB S. , ALTAF M. , QAMAR R. , GHIAS M. , BASHIR M.R. , ANWAR M. , ZAFAR S.A. , AHMAD I. , YAQOOB M.U. , RASHID F. , MAND G.A. , NAWAZ A. , SALIM J.
Published: June 2022

Rapeseed (Brassica napus L.) and mustard (Brassica juncea L.) are two important oilseed crops grown worldwide for edible oil and meal production, as well as, a source of renewable energy. Silique shattering at the maturity stage is the major cause of seed yield reduction in brassica. Losses in seed yield are more in developing countries due to poor management and the non-availability of combine harvesters. Silique shattering resistance is essential for achieving good seed yield especially in Brassica napus. The silique on plants of rapeseed and mustard mature in different phases due to indeterminate growth habit, which is also a reason for shattering losses. Silique shattering is linked with the creation of a dehiscence zone in a brassica pod. When the siliqua wall loses its hydration, along the length of the siliqua, a few cell layers separate the replum from the pericarp tip of the two silique valves. In the dehiscence zone, it involves the collapse of cell walls and cell separation, as well as, the destruction of the middle lamella and enhanced hydrolytic enzyme activity. To avoid seed yield losses, resistance against silique shattering is essential in rapeseed and mustard cultivars. There are multiple QTLs discovered that control variance in silique shattering. Previous studies validated the shattering process in the model plant Arabidopsis thaliana was controlled by eight different genes. However, their role in controlling silique shattering in rapeseed and mustard is unknown. Modern tools of mutation breeding and genetic engineering, especially CRISPR/Cas9 technology, can be utilized to identify the genetic source for shattering resistance in rapeseed and mustard, which will be helpful for the development of silique-shattering
EXOTIC WHEAT GENOTYPES RESPONSE TO WATER-STRESS CONDITIONS
Authors: SIAL N.Y. , FAHEEM M. , SIAL M.A. , ROONJHO A.R. , MUHAMMAD F. , KEERIO A.A. , ADEEL M. , ULLAH S. , HABIB Q. , AFZAL M.
Published: June 2022

Drought is the most devastating abiotic stress which has significantly threatened global wheat production. The recent study was designed to evaluate the performance of eight exotic wheat lines through the Drought Spring Bread Wheat Yield Trial (DSBWYT), along with a local drought-tolerant check cultivar, Khirman, under water-stressed conditions based on agronomic and yield-related traits. The experiment was conducted during cropping season 2019–2020 in a randomized complete block design with three replications at the Nuclear Institute of Agriculture (NIA), Tando Jam, Pakistan. The analysis of variance revealed that there was a significant difference among the genotypes for all studied traits. The genotype DSBWYT-8 possessed better agronomic traits and growth features like early growth vigor and early ground cover. On the other hand, the genotype DSBWYT-4 performed better in yield and yield-related traits like main spike yield, grains per spike, and 1000-grains weight. Both genotype revealed excellent plot grain yield and harvest index and were not significantly different from each other. The cluster analysis grouped all the genotypes into three clades. The drought-tolerant local check cultivar Khirman clustered with genotypes DSBWYT-2, DSBWYT-4, and DSBWYT-8 thus, this clade can be regarded as drought tolerant. The second cluster comprised of two genotypes, i.e., DSBWYT-1 and DSBWYT-5, which performed relatively low as compared to genotypes present in the drought-tolerant cluster, whereas the genotypes DSBWYT-3, DSBWYT-6, and DSBWYT-7 clustered together to represent low yielding genotypes under drought condition as compared with the check cultivar Khirman. Based on these results, the genotypes DSBWYT-2, DSBWYT-4, and DSBWYT-8 can be recommended as the drought-tolerant genotypes.
Factors Associated With The Choice Of Place For Delivery Assistance To Pregnant Women In The Third Trimester
Authors: Susanti Maria , Kristianingsih Ani , Nurhickmah Neng , Lestari Maya Dwi , Haning Fitraluki , Lestari Indah , Safitri Eka , Wahyuni Dwi
Published: June 2022

Background: The low coverage of deliveries in health facilities is 64.66% of the 100% target in 2020, one of which is caused by the lack of knowledge of pregnant women about the importance of giving birth in health facilities. This study aimed to determine the factors associated with the choice of place for delivery assistance to pregnant women in the third trimester in the working area of the Public Health Center  Bengkunat Belimbing In 2021.
Method: This research design is a descriptive non-experimental, correlational research with a cross-sectional method. The population in this study were all third-trimester pregnancies in November 2021, with 32 pregnant women. The sample amounted to 32 respondents, third trimester of pregnant women taken from the population using the Total Sampling technique. Bivariate analysis in this study used the chi-square test with an alpha value (α) of 0.01.
Result: The research result obtained values for each research variable, including mother's knowledge with a p-value of 0.000, mother's behavior with a p-value of 0.000, and distance to health care facilities with a p-value of 0.006.
Conclusion: From the results of this study, the researchers suggest optimizing the intervention of problems related to factors related to the choice of place for delivery assistance, namely increasing health education about the importance of giving birth in health facilities to mothers and families, optimizing the use of the Birth Waiting House (RTK) and proposing to the village or local governments in the construction of health service facilities, especially in remote areas.
AJARAN AGAMA HINDU DALAM SATUA SANG KARNA
Authors: Sudiarta I Wayan
Published: June 2022

Traditional Balinese literary works, especially stories/satua are no stranger to Balinese people, because the author's creations are not only a means of entertainment but more than that, there are teachings that are implied in them, so that literary works are said to have the function of entertaining and providing education to the students. the reader. The story as a work of Balinese literature has a very important role in fostering and developing Balinese art. Through these literary works, artists are inspired to create new creations in various forms of art. Balinese people, especially those who study literature, are still making efforts to preserve these literary works, both written and oral. Stories have very valuable positions and values, especially those related to the teachings of Hinduism. Research on the results of Balinese literary works in the form of stories has been widely carried out, however in reality there are still many stories that have not been studied, so a story of Sang Karna is taken. Satua Bali in its current development seems to have faded in the midst of Balinese society. One of them is Satua Sang Karna, this is inseparable from the development of science and technology which tends to make the younger generation prefer stories that exist in cyberspace. Based on this, it is deemed necessary to conduct research on Satua Sang Karna, the results of which can be donated as a source of scientific information for the community, so that later it can be used as guidelines in life. Keywords: Hindu religious teachings and the story of Sang KarnaSekolah Tinggi
Pendekatan Analisis Vector Error Correction Model (VECM) Dalam Hubungan Kondisi Makro Ekonomi Dengan Non Performing Financing Berdasarkan Pengelompokan Modal Inti Bank Umum Syariah di Indonesia
Authors: Was'an Guruh Herman
Published: June 2022

Salah satu tantangan perbankan syariah yang ada adalah perubahan kondisi makroekonomi yang berpengaruh terhadap pembiayaan macet atau Non Performing Financing (NPF). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisa respon variable NPF pada masing-masing kelompok modal inti (BUKU) bank umum syariah akibat perubahan kondisi makroekonomi. Metode analisis pada penelitian ini menggunakan metode kuantitatif dengan pendekatan ekonometrika dan menggunakan model Vector Autoregression (VAR)/ Vector Error Correction Model (VECM). Berdasarkan hasil uji impulse response diketahui bahwa guncangan inflasi, nilai tukar, dan pertumbuhan ekonomi atau output direspon negatif  terhadap seluruh NPF pada masing-masing BUKU bank umum syariah. Dari hasil uji variance decomposition diiketahui variabel nilai tukar merupakan inovasi terkecil dalam jangka pendek ataupun jangka panjang. Dapat disimpulkan bahwa perubahan variabel makroekonomi berpengaruh terhadap NPF dari dua BUKU yaitu BUKU 1 dan BUKU 2, baik dalam jangka pendek ataupun dalam jangka panjang.
Pengaruh Current Ratio dan Debt To Equity Ratio Terhadap Return on Asset Yang Berdampak pada Dividen Payout Ratio pada PT. Gudang Garam Tbk
Authors: Kusmawati Yeti
Published: June 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh current ratio dan debt to equity ratio terhadap return on asset yang berdampak pada dividen pay out ratio pada PT Gudang Garam Tbk Periode Tahun 2011-2021. Metode yang digunakan adalah sampling jenuh dengan sampel laporan keuangan 11 tahun yang sudah dibuat data panel. Teknik analisis menggunakan analisis statistik dengan pengujian regresi, korelasi, determinasi dan uji hipotesis. Hasil penelitian ini Current ratio berpengaruh signifikan terhadap Return on Asset sebesar 22,6%, uji hipotesis diperoleh signifikansi 0,039 < 0,05. Debt to Equity Ratio berpengaruh signifikan terhadap Return on Asset sebesar 24,9%, uji  hipotesis diperoleh signifikansi 0,009 < 0,05. Current ratio dan Debt to Equity Ratio secara simultan berpengaruh signifikan terhadap Return on Asset sebesar 59,4%, uji hipotesis diperoleh signifikansi 0,027 < 0,05. Return on Asset berpengaruh signifikan terhadap Dividen Pay Out Ratio sebesar 54,7%, uji  hipotesis diperoleh signifikansi 0,018 < 0,05.
TEACHERS AND PARENTS STANDPOINTS ON KNOWLEDGE AND CHALLENGES IN INCLUSIVE EDUCATION
Authors: MADARANG HULITA , MARTIN MATRONILLO
Published: June 2022

This study aimed at determining the knowledge and challenges in inclusive education as perceived by the teachers and parents at Diffun District, Diffun Quirino. Mixed Methods of Research (MMR) was employed in this study. Mean was used to determine the extent of knowledge of the respondents while thematic analysis was utilized to explore the challenges in inclusive education. The teachers were fully knowledgeable on inclusive education as compared to the parents who have only negligible knowledge about the nature of inclusive education. There is a significant difference on the extent of knowledge on inclusive education between teachers and parents. Teachers are more knowledgeable about inclusive education. The challenges affecting the inclusive education were the occurrence of bullying, lack of teachers’ training and attitudes, inadequate school facilities, and poor parents’ support. The teachers handling inclusive classes must undergo training to be fully prepared for the job. Schools must initiate orientation in the community particularly among parents about the nature and guidelines in the implementation of inclusive education. The Child Protection Program must be strengthened specially in the inclusive education to avoid discrimination among the students with learning disabilities. Facilities, learning materials and other support needs must be provided in order to realize the goal of inclusive education.
PROFICIENCY AND APPROACHES IN TEACHING CHILDREN WITH LEARNING DISABILITIES AMONG FILIPINO TEACHERS
Authors: SULIO MIKE , MARTIN MATRONILLO
Published: June 2022

The main purpose of the study is to determine the approaches and proficiency of teachers in teaching children with learning disabilities in public elementary schools in San Mateo North and South District, Division of Isabela for the School Year 2019-2020. Descriptive survey was employed. The school heads and SpEd teachers served as respondents. Mean, t-test and Spearman rank were used to analyze data. The results showed that the teachers teaching students with learning disabilities are proficient and often used different approaches. The teachers are knowledgeable about the applicable teaching approaches to be employed in teaching students with learning disabilities. Likewise, as to the extent of employing of approaches, these were evident as practiced by the teachers and as confirmed and observed by the school heads. School Heads and teachers have the same level of assessment in terms of the extent of approaches in teaching students with disabilities. The teachers are proficient in handling students with learning difficulties. In terms of teachers’ proficiency, both teachers and school heads assessed the teachers as proficient. Therefore, they have the same level of assessment. Teachers frequently used the approaches as manifested by their level of proficiency except for content knowledge. Thus, proficiency of teacher in content knowledge do not depend on approaches being used. The teachers and school administrators shall attend trainings, workshops and conferences related to the varied teaching approaches applicable to the students with learning disabilities. The administrators and focal person of SPED in the district shall engage more related activities and trainings about the nature of content knowledge to be included in the curriculum of the special education to update the content and competencies.
GROWTH RESPONSE OF Heritiera simplicifolia (Mast.) Kosterm. AND Scaphium macropodum (Miq.) Beumée ex Heyne DUE TO ABIOTIC FACTORS IN THE NURSERY
Authors: NOH NUR AFIQAH IZZATI , WAN AHMAD WAN JULIANA , ABD RAZAK SITI NURFAEIZA , YONG JEAN WAN HONG , MD NOR SHUKOR , MOHD ASRI  , NIZAM SHARIL , MODHUSIN SHAHRIL
Published: June 2022

In the earliest stage of development, non-dipterocarp wildlings require specific environmental conditions; they are only able to acclimate to harsher environmental conditions after this stage. As such, the environment acts as a limiting factor of early-stage development in non-dipterocarp shade-tolerant species. We examined the survival rates and growth rates of Heritiera simplicifolia and Scaphium macropodum from the family Malvaceae in the different sets of abiotic conditions. Three abiotic environmental factors medium type, greenhouse technique, and light intensity were varied. The experiment was conducted for six months in an area near Hulu Terengganu Hydroelectric Dam, at the edge of the Tembat Forest Reserve. Height, diameter, leaves numbers, and leaf area was recorded. Our results indicate that the wildlings preferred higher daytime relative humidity and natural air ventilation at night, and they grew more quickly under SN50 (358.74 Photosynthetically Active Radiation; PAR) than under SN70 (101.41 PAR). Subsoil supplemented with vermicompost improved willing growth more consistently than subsoil supplemented with compost or burned mesocarp. The wildling’s height relative growth rate (HRGR) and survival were affected by all treatments. These results indicate that restoration efforts using young indigenous tree species at degraded sites, supply better growth environments and organic nutrients to the rhizosphere.
EFFICACY OF Nigella sativa OIL TO RELIEVE EFFECTS OF THE LEAD MONOXIDE TOXICITY ON TESTICULAR EFFICIENCY AND SEXUAL BEHAVIOUR DISORDERS IN ALBINO RATS
Authors: CHABUK HALLA , AWADH SURA
Published: June 2022

The prevalence of testicular toxicity induced via contamination with heavy metals is increasing worldwide, and a close connection between testicular toxicity and lead has recently been identified. The present study demonstrated the possible therapeutic and protection properties of Nigella sativa oil (NSO) against dangerous testicular toxicity and sexual behaviour disorders in rat models induced by lead monoxide (PbO) food poisoning. A total of 24 male rats were used and divided into four groups, consisting of Group 1: Control (1 mL of distilled water); Group 2: PbO (80 mg/kg); Group 3: NSO (0.5 mL/rat); and Group 4: (NSO+PbO) 0.5 mL/rat of NSO, followed by PbO (80 mg/kg/day) respectively for 60 days. The testosterone, follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), luteinizing hormone (LH), 17 beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase activity (17β-HSD), sperm parameters, and sexual behaviour (copulation behaviour test) were measured. The results showed that sex hormone levels were significantly decreased (p<0.05) in rats exposed to PbO, while the levels of these hormones were significantly higher in rats exposed to NSO and NSO+PbO. The sperm parameters (numbers, concentrations, motilities, and abnormality) were lower in rats exposed to PbO compared to those in the control, NSO, and NSO+PbO groups that showed significant increases. Sperm abnormality and 17β-HSD activity showed a significant increase at p<0.05 in the group exposed to the PbO compared to those of the control, NSO, and NSO+PbO groups. The results also significantly suppressed sexual behaviour in rats exposed to PbO compared to those in the control, NSO, and NSO+PbO groups, rats were administered NSO+PbO showed improvement in sexual behaviour parameters compared to PbO groups. PbO toxicity was obvious in the reproductive tract through severe histopathological changes. The impact of lead on tissues was partially mitigated by NSO. The study showed protective effects of N. sativa oil against changes in sex hormones, sperm characteristics, and sexual behaviour in male rats exposed to lead monoxide-induced testicular toxicity.
THE PROXIMATE COMPOSITION AND METABOLITE PROFILING OF SUGARCANE (Saccharum officinarum) MOLASSES
Authors: MOHD KHAIRUL SHAFIQA-ATIQAH , MAHYUDIN NOR AINY , ABAS FARIDAH , JAMALUDIN NUR-SYIFA' , MAHMUD AB RASHID NOR KHAIZURA
Published: June 2022

The transformation of organic by-products into valuable materials has become a necessity and a common practice in the food industry. By-products oftentimes offer low economic value and conferred numerous health benefits. Sugarcane molasses is a waste from the sugar manufacturing process with many valuable compounds. It is known to be rich in nutrients, and the various processing stages might be the cause of the complex nature of sugarcane molasses. Therefore, this study aimed to analyze the proximate composition of sugarcane molasses and to ascertain the sugars and amino acid profile. The result of this study showed that sugarcane molasses is composed of high carbohydrates (75.10±0.7%) and has high sucrose content (38.10±2.4 g). Besides, it comprises several amino acids, namely tyrosine, glysine, proline, glutamic acid, and valine. As the large scale of proximate composition revealed plenty of metabolites present in sugarcane molasses, it can be concluded that this by-product has great nutritional benefits.
IMPACT OF TRAINING AND DEVELOPMENT PROGRAM ON EMPLOYEE PERFORMANCE: A STUDY ON STATE OWN COMMERCIAL BANKS OF BANGLADESH.
Authors: Chowdhury Husne Jahan , Uddin Kamal
Published: June 2022

Employees are the most important asset of any organization. In competitive business market every organization necessary to trained employees to perform their job properly. The success of the bank depends on the service providing to the client of the bank. Training and development program is the continuous process of the organizations that helps to improves their skills, knowledge, and abilities. Training and development helps to the better performance of employees. Basically the success of the organizations depends on employee performance where these abilities gather from the well trained and effective development procedure. The purpose of this survey is to find out the influence of training and development on employees’ productivity. The study found out that banks are always aware of training and development programs for the reason of productivity. Under this survey, it has been found that every state-owned bank provides more than 40 types of training to their employees. The study suggests that there is need for continuous training and development for improving skill, upgrading knowledge, to retain to talent, increase job satisfaction, enhance productivity, well communicate abilities with their employees and earn more profit. Finally, this study has found that the services of training and development have significant influence on employee performance. In today’s modern banking era, innovation of various types of training and development program method practices is increasing the efficiency of employees. As a result, it is putting a bank at the beginning of the race for success.
Identifying and assessing the main categories of key performance indicators for nature-based solutions project monitoring
Authors: Krisan Eszter
Published: June 2022

As the number of people living in urban areas is firmly increasing, more innovative solutions are needed to tackle the accompanying effects of climate change there, such as heatwaves, stormwater concerns or pollution. As these projects are continually developed and their effects are yet to be fully tapped, there is a lack of a coherent monitoring system. This study presents a systematic and comprehensive overview of three of the most recent studies of Sari et al. (2021), Connop (2020) and Elagiry et al. (2019), which list key-performance indicators (KPIs) for nature-based solutions. These indicators are grouped into six major categories, which are further divided into sub-categories. The results of the paper highlight the importance of a general and widely implementable monitoring tool system which is scalable and localizable for different urban settings, making it possible for individual nature-based projects as well as complex urban ecological systems to be well-monitored.
Reviewer Acknowledgements for Asian Social Science, Vol. 18, No. 7
Authors: Zhang Jenny
Published: June 2022

Reviewer Acknowledgements for Asian Social Science, Vol. 18, No. 7 2022.
Whiteness and Anti-Muslim Racism in Finland
Authors: Hyökki Linda
Published: June 2022

This article argues that the anti-Muslim experiences of Finnish converts should be analysed as racial, and that they have not emerged from a historical vacuum, but are rather embedded in a trajectory of racism in Finland. The article demonstrates this through the racialisation of the country’s national minorities, the Sámi and Roma peoples. Drawing on this, the article explains how the Finnish convert experience can be understood as a continuum of the racialisation of minorities in Finland, within the more extensive construction of Whiteness and normative Finnishness.
Deconstructing the Myth of Immutability
Authors: Sarajkić Mirza
Published: June 2022

Context: Journal of Interdisciplinary Studies is a peer-reviewed scholarly journal committed to the advancement of interdisciplinary research in exploration of the most pressing and emerging key social and political issues of the 21st century. These include the implications of accelerated globalization, pluralism and diversity, human rights and freedoms, sustainable development, and inter-religious encounters. Researchers in the humanities and social sciences are invited to contribute to a better understanding of major moral and ethical issues through creative cross-pollination of ideas, perspectives, and methodologies. In an effort to bridge different cultures, the journal will also publish translations of significant articles. Context welcomes articles, essays and book reviews in all areas of interdisciplinary studies.
A Case Control Study on Risk Factors of Obesity Among Adolescents
Authors: Grace G Angeline , Edward Shanthi , S Gopalakrishnan
Published: June 2022

Background: Adolescence is the transition period from childhood to adulthood and adolescent obesity can lead to systemic complications affecting the quality of life in later stages. This study aimed to assess the risk factors of obesity among school children of adolescent age.

Methods: This Case control study included 110 obese and 110 non-obese adolescents between 10 and 17 years of age. Children with Body Mass Index (BMI) >+2 SD of WHO growth reference median for their age and sex were included as cases. Children with BMI between -2SD and +1SD were included as controls. Data was collected using a structured questionnaire and analyzed with SPSS software.

Results: The risk factors which showed a statistically significant association with adolescent obesity were less educated father and mother, being a single child in the family, adolescents from nuclear type of family, having an obese parent, increased waist hip ratio and lack of exclusive breastfeeding during infancy.

Conclusion: Educating children and parents on the importance of preventing obesity and harmful effects of adolescent obesity is the need of the hour. This can be done through intensive health education campaigns in community and schools, and regular reinforcement on primary preventive measures.
Is A Journal indexed? Here's How to Find it
Authors: Chodvadiya Kalpesh , Patel Prakash
Published: June 2022

This article describes simple method to check indexing status of any journal on the internet. Author can use this method to check indexing status of the journal before submission of their article.
Impact Of Communication Skills Training in Postgraduate Medical Education
Authors: KK Shyamala  , Kulkarni Vasudha , Shenoy Vasanth , Bidhata Khatri  , Thapashwi  , TA Lakshmi , Joseph Mary
Published: June 2022

Background: Effective communication is a key feature of optimal doctor-patient relationship.  As the postgraduate curriculum lacks standardized teaching and assessment, this study aimed   to assess effectiveness of training program on communication skills of postgraduate medical students.
Materials and methods: A prospective interventional study was conducted among first year postgraduate medical students from different clinical specialty. Training program included introduction to principles of communication with basics of doctor-patient relationship, administering informed consent, breaking bad news and counselling patients with HIV/cancer. Pre-test and post-test skill assessment by Faculty and postgraduate (PG) self-rating was carried out using KEECC-A Assessment tool for seven core communication competencies. Perception of students on training program was collected via feedback questionnaire.
Results: Forty-three postgraduate medical students participated. Statistically significant increase in communication skills scores post training was observed with mean post-test assessment scores of 24.26±2.94, p<0.001(faculty rating), 25.19±3.76, p<0.001(PG self-rating) and high degree of internal consistency was found. Students perceived the training program as valuable and highlighted its importance as a part of curriculum.
Conclusion: Training program significantly enhanced communication skills of postgraduate medical students. Integration of standardized teaching and assessment of communication skills is essential for better healthcare practice and optimal doctor-patient relationship.