bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Cakap Berbahasa Indonesia: Bahasa Kesehatan dalam Pembelajaran Bahasa Indonesia bagi Penutur Asing
Authors: Rizal Maulfi Syaiful , Setiawati Eti , Wahyuni Lilik , Tawandorloh Ku-Ares , Islahuddin I , Chapakia Fathiyah , Salamah S , Nazilah Halimah Milladunka , Salma Wakhidatus
Published: June 2024

Buku Cakap Berbahasa Indonesia: Bahasa Kesehatan dalam Pembelajaran Bahasa Indonesia bagi Penutur Asing berbeda dengan buku atau bahan ajar Bahasa Indonesia untuk penutur asing lainnya sehingga sangat direkomendasikan bagi mahasiswa asing yang ingin belajar Bahasa Indonesia. Buku ini hadir sebagai jembatan yang menghubungkan kekayaan budaya Indonesia termasuk di dalamnya kekayaan bahasa dengan pemahaman akan pentingnya kesehatan bagi setiap individu. Dalam perjalanan mempelajari bahasa Indonesia, memahami istilah-istilah kesehatan merupakan langkah penting dan strategis dalam integrasi dengan masyarakat yang ramah dan beragam ini. Bahasa merupakan cermin dari budaya. Dalam konteks bidang kesehatan, kata-kata memiliki kekuatan untuk membuka pengetahuan yang mendalam. Buku ini dirancang untuk memberikan pembaca, baik bagi pemelajar BIPA yang baru belajar bahasa Indonesia atau pemelajar BIPA yang ingin memperdalam pemahaman di bidang kesehatan, bahan bacaan atau bahan ajar yang berharga dan sesuai dengan kebutuhan. Dari konsep dan istilah kesehatan, struktur organisasi rumah sakit, alat-alat kesehatan, sampai pengobatan tradisional, kami berharap buku ini dapat menjadi panduan yang bermanfaat bagi pemelajar BIPA untuk memahami kesehatan dalam konteks bahasa dan budaya Indonesia. Buku ini juga membekali pemelajar BIPA tentang bahasa Indonesia dengan mempraktikkannya secara langsung melalui empat keterampilan berbahasa, yaitu membaca, menyimak, berbicara, dan menulis yang ada pada setiap bab dalam buku ini. Kami berharap buku ini menjadi bekal dalam dalam upaya pemelajar BIPA memahami bahasa Indonesia dengan fokus pada bidang kesehatan. Terima kasih telah menjelajahi bahasa dan budaya Indonesia melalui buku ini. Semoga pengetahuan yang diperoleh memberikan manfaat yang besar bagi proses pembelajaran BIPA bagi pemelajar BIPA.
Unveiling the genetic diversity of bicolored-spined porcupines (Rodentia: Erethizontidae): a novel karyotype, population structuring, and evolutionary insights
Authors: Cardoso Maria Julia Cunha , Lazar Ana , Povill Cintia , Bonvicino Cibele Rodrigues
Published: June 2024

New World porcupines are rodents belonging to the Erethizontidae family which is divided into two subfamilies: Chaetomyinae, represented by the genus Chaetomys, and Erethizontinae, which includes the genera Erethizon and Coendou. Within this family, the taxonomy of Coendou has proven to be particularly complex and challenging. It remains one of the most neglected among New World mammals, and the taxonomic status and phylogenetic relationships of some taxa are still controversial. In this study, we assessed the diversity of Coendou bicolor using the mitochondrial cytochrome b marker and described the chromosome complement of this species for the first time, increasing the knowledge about this taxon. Notably, the karyotype we described for C. bicolor differs from the six karyotypes reported for other species within this genus. Our findings align with previous research, confirming the separation of the three Coendou subgenera into distinct monophyletic clades. The median joining analysis supports these phylogenetic relationships and suggested a population structure in C. bicolor populations, apparently related to the rivers. Samples from northern Peru are separated from the remaining population by the Ucayali River (a tributary of the Amazonas River), while samples from southern Peru and Brazil are separated from Bolivian samples by the Madre de Dios/Beni rivers. These data highlight the potential role of these rivers as geographic barriers, contributing to the genetic differentiation of C. bicolor populations. Our study provides valuable insights into karyotype and genetic diversity of C. bicolor populations, enriching our understanding of this species.
Análise espaço-temporal da influência do relevo nas tendências das chuvas da região central do Estado de São Paulo
Authors: Santos Bruno César dos , Sanches Rafael Grecco , Bourscheidt Vandoir , Souza Paulo Henrique de
Published: June 2024

Understanding the temporal and spatial behavior of precipitation in tropical areas is of extreme relevance, considering its impact on urban and rural dynamics, and, consequently, on strategic planning. With this in mind, the study aimed to analyze the trends of daily rainfall through rainfall indices for the central region of the State of São Paulo, in order to understand its spatial distribution, as well as to evaluate possible trends for this location, which is part of the well-known tropical dynamics (seasonally rainy/dry). Forty years of daily rainfall data were analyzed at 31 rain gauge stations, using rainfall indices from the Rclimdex and the detection of outliers for extreme rainfall events (46mm), and the Laplace test for trends. The results indicate a reduction in annual rainfall accumulations and an increase in episodes of extreme rainfall. Thus, annual rainfall tends to concentrate, as annual volumes are decreasing while daily accumulations are increasing. It was also noted that in episodes of extreme rainfall, there is a marked presence of the orographic effect, which influences rainfall values, resulting in a distinct pluviometric behavior for mountainous areas, compared to other areas where the relief is flatter.
O futuro da pesquisa em inteligência artificial
Authors: Costa Anna Helena Reali , Cozman Fabio Gagliardi
Published: June 2024

This paper examines the future of research in artificial intelligence, arguing that, in the near future, symbol-based techniques will continue to receive some attention, while machine learning techniques based on data processing will continue to grow explosively. Models produced through deep learning, in particular language models, will be applied to many sectors and will be significantly enhanced (in efficiency, in interpretability, in performance). Still in the near future, the social debate about artificial intelligence will take a more concrete form, demanding research effort related to regulation, social impact and job markets. Looking into a more distant future, we believe that mixtures between symbol-based and data-based methods will get more attention, while some bets, such as quantum computing, may take us to new performance levels.
Inteligência artificial e mudanças climáticas
Authors: Artaxo Paulo , Rizzo Luciana Varanda , Machado Luiz Augusto Toledo
Published: June 2024

AI is increasingly essential for tackling climate change. Satellite images and sensors produce a huge amount of data every second. They are compiled and analyzed with AI tools. Forecast models, weather, and global climate models, with highly complex physical parameterization, are explicitly calculated with AI, which also optimizes energy sources, renewable energy, and electrical energy distribution networks. Despite these applications, challenges linked to ethics, data privacy, and the environmental impact of AI training require careful attention. The balance between technology and ethics is crucial for ensuring the responsible use of AI in the fight against climate change.
Molecular Changes Implicate Angiogenesis and Arterial Remodeling in Systemic Sclerosis–Associated and Idiopathic Pulmonary Hypertension
Authors: Zhou Yuechen , Tabib Tracy , Huang Mengqi , Yuan Ke , Kim Yunhye , Morse Christina , Sembrat John , Valenzi Eleanor , Lafyatis Robert
Published: June 2024

BACKGROUND:

Pulmonary hypertension (PH) is a common complication of systemic sclerosis (SSc) and a leading cause of mortality among patients with this disease. PH can also occur as an idiopathic condition (idiopathic pulmonary arterial hypertension). Investigation of transcriptomic alterations in vascular populations is critical to elucidating cellular mechanisms underlying pathobiology of SSc-associated and idiopathic PH.

METHODS:

We analyzed single-cell RNA sequencing profiles of endothelial and perivascular mesenchymal populations from explanted lung tissue of patients with SSc-associated PH (n=16), idiopathic pulmonary arterial hypertension (n=3), and healthy controls (n=15). Findings were validated by immunofluorescence staining of explanted human lung tissue.

RESULTS:

Three disease-associated endothelial populations emerged. Two angiogenic endothelial cell (EC) subtypes markedly expanded in SSc-associated PH lungs: tip ECs expressing canonical tip markers
PGF
and
APLN
and phalanx ECs expressing genes associated with vascular development, endothelial barrier integrity, and Notch signaling. Gene regulatory network analysis suggested enrichment of Smad1 (SMAD family member 1) and PPAR-γ (peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ) regulon activities in these 2 populations, respectively. Mapping of potential ligand-receptor interactions highlighted Notch, apelin-APJ (apelin receptor), and angiopoietin-Tie (tyrosine kinase with immunoglobulin-like and EGF-like domains 1) signaling pathways between angiogenic ECs and perivascular cells. Transitional cells, expressing both endothelial and pericyte/smooth muscle cell markers, provided evidence for the presence of endothelial-to-mesenchymal transition. Transcriptional programs associated with arterial endothelial dysfunction implicated VEGF-A (vascular endothelial growth factor-A), TGF-β1 (transforming growth factor beta-1), angiotensin, and TNFSF12 (tumor necrosis factor ligand superfamily member 12)/TWEAK (TNF-related weak inducer of apoptosis) in the injury/remodeling phenotype of PH arterial ECs.

CONCLUSIONS:

These data provide high-resolution insights into the complexity and plasticity of the pulmonary endothelium in SSc-associated PH and idiopathic pulmonary arterial hypertension and provide direct molecular insights into soluble mediators and transcription factors driving PH vasculopathy.
Comparing Management Strategies in Patients With Clot-in-Transit
Authors: Zhang Robert S. , Yuriditsky Eugene , Zhang Peter , Elbaum Lindsay , Bailey Eric , Maqsood Muhammad H. , Postelnicu Radu , Amoroso Nancy E. , Maldonado Thomas S. , Saric Muhamed , Alviar Carlos L. , Horowitz James M. , Bangalore Sripal
Published: June 2024

BACKGROUND:

Clot-in-transit is associated with high mortality, but optimal management strategies remain uncertain. The aim of this study was to compare the outcomes of different treatment strategies in patients with clot-in-transit.

METHODS:

This is a retrospective study of patients with documented clot-in-transit in the right heart on echocardiography across 2 institutions between January 2020 and October 2023. The primary outcome was a composite of in-hospital mortality, resuscitated cardiac arrest, or hemodynamic decompensation.

RESULTS:

Among 35 patients included in the study, 10 patients (28.6%) received anticoagulation alone and 2 patients (5.7%) received systemic thrombolysis, while 23 patients (65.7%) underwent catheter-based therapy (CBT; 22 mechanical thrombectomy and 1 catheter-directed thrombolysis). Over a median follow-up of 30 days, 9 patients (25.7%) experienced the primary composite outcome. Compared with anticoagulation alone, patients who received CBT or systemic thrombolysis had significantly lower rates of the primary composite outcome (12% versus 60%; log-rank
P
<0.001; hazard ratio, 0.13 [95% CI, 0.03–0.54];
P
=0.005) including a lower rate of death (8% versus 50%; hazard ratio, 0.10 [95% CI, 0.02–0.55];
P
=0.008), resuscitated cardiac arrest (4% versus 30%; hazard ratio, 0.12 [95% CI, 0.01–1.15];
P
=0.067), or hemodynamic deterioration (4% versus 30%; hazard ratio, 0.12 [95% CI, 0.01–1.15];
P
=0.067).

CONCLUSIONS:

In this study of CBT in patients with clot-in-transit, CBT or systemic thrombolysis was associated with a significantly lower rate of adverse clinical outcomes, including a lower rate of death compared with anticoagulation alone driven by the CBT group. CBT has the potential to improve outcomes. Further large-scale studies are needed to test these associations.
Overweight in Adolescence and Young Adulthood in Association With Adult Cerebrovascular Disease: The NFBC1966 Study
Authors: Mikkola Ursula , Rissanen Ina , Kivelä Milja , Rusanen Harri , Kajantie Eero , Miettunen Jouko , Paananen Markus
Published: June 2024

BACKGROUND:

Risk factors for cerebrovascular disease in adulthood are well known. However, research on individuals’ risk factors throughout their life span has been limited. This prospective cohort study aims to determine the effect of body mass index (BMI) and its changes in adolescence and young adulthood on early onset cerebrovascular disease.

METHODS:

This study includes 10 491 people (5185 women) from the Northern Finland Birth Cohort 1966. Height, weight, and BMI were measured at ages 14 and 31 years. Sex- and age-specific BMI ranges were used to define overweight and obesity. Data on ischemic and hemorrhagic cerebrovascular diseases between ages 14 and 54 years were extracted from national hospital and death registers. Cox proportion hazard models (95% CI) were used to estimate associations between BMI or its changes and cerebrovascular disease, while adjusting for sex, smoking, educational level, BMI at the other time point, and age at menarche for women. Additionally, sex-BMI interactions were calculated.

RESULTS:

A total of 452 individuals (4.7%) experienced cerebrovascular disease during the follow-up. The risk of ischemic cerebrovascular disease was increased for overweight women at ages 14 years (hazard ratio [HR], 2.49 [95% CI, 1.44–4.31]) and 31 years (HR, 2.13 [95% CI, 1.14–3.97]), as well as for obese women at ages 14 years (HR, 1.87 [95% CI, 0.76–4.58) and 31 years (HR, 2.67 [95% CI, 1.26–5.65]), with normal weight as the reference. These results were independent of earlier or later BMI. Similar associations were not found among men. The risk of hemorrhagic cerebrovascular disease was increased at age 31 years both among obese women (HR, 3.49 [95% CI, 1.13–10.7) and obese men (HR, 5.75 [95% CI, 1.43–23.1). The risk of any cerebrovascular disease related to overweight at age 14 years was 2.09× higher among girls than boys (95% CI, 1.06–4.15). The risk of ischemic cerebrovascular disease related to obesity at age 31 years was 6.96× higher among women than men (95% CI, 1.36–35.7).

CONCLUSIONS:

Among women, being overweight in adolescence or young adulthood increases the risk of cerebrovascular disease, especially ischemic, independent of their earlier or later BMI.
International Criminal Justice Data in Bangladesh: A Scoping Review
Authors: Hossain Mohammad Pizuar
Published: June 2024

Bangladesh gained its independence from Pakistan in 1971 after a nine-month long war. The Pakistani military and local collaborators carried out brutal operations on Bangladeshi civilians during the period of 25 March to 16 December 1971, which caused genocide, crimes against humanity, and war crimes. This scoping review synthesises the data related to laws, policies, institutions, and culture of Bangladesh surrounding victims, their families, and perpetrators of the aforesaid crimes. Bangladesh faced questions in prosecuting the local collaborators of the Pakistani military at the domestic tribunal, whilst Pakistani war criminals have not yet been tried, and there is still no international consensus on recognising the genocide. On the other hand, the lack of an internationalised judicial response further indicates that no sincere effort has been made to establish a global post-conflict resolution that transcends the regional parties involved in this matter.
Homeschooling among Urban Chinese Protestants: A Descriptive Study
Authors: Yang Shuqin
Published: June 2024

As individualized education increases in popularity, homeschooling likewise garners more attention from Chinese middle-class families. Over the past decade, the number of families choosing homeschooling has increased annually. However, most homeschooling Chinese Protestants wish to focus on the cultivation of beliefs, character, and values in the education of their children. In their eyes, homeschooling provides the best way to transmit cultural heritage.

Homeschooling brings with it many challenges and difficulties in the daily lives of Chinese Protestants: cross-pressure from traditional Chinese culture systems, opposition from parents and other family members, conflicts with mainstream educational institutions, and power struggles with Chinese secular authorities. Moreover, educational resources, guides, and materials for Chinese homeschooling families are scarce, thus leaving homeschooling families to grope in the dark. The biggest deterrent to them is the disqualification of their children from taking college entrance examinations because homeschooled children lack the requisite status to enroll as official students. Thus, the role conflicts among Chinese, Christian, pariah, and legal deviant statuses pose considerable tensions for parents and children.

This paper offers insight into these issues through qualitative analysis of in-depth interviews with 50 respondents from urban Chinese Protestant families that had previously been screened through a brief survey instrument.
A new species of the Asian lanternfly genus Saiva Distant, 1906 from Thailand (Hemiptera: Fulgoromorpha: Fulgoridae) with notes on S. virescens (Westwood, 1842) and Pyrops cultellatus (Walker, 1857)
Authors: JIARANAISAKUL KAWIN , WEBB MICK , PINKAEW NANTASAK
Published: June 2024

A new species of the Asian lanternfly genus Saiva Distant, 1906, S. constanti Jiaranaisakul sp. nov., is described from Thailand with illustrations and distribution map. Saiva virescens (Westwood, 1842) is proposed as a senior synonym of Saiva phesamensis Ollenbach, 1928 syn. nov. and Fulgora pyrrhochlora Butler, 1874 syn. nov. is now considered as junior synonym of Pyrops cultellatus (Walker, 1857).
Application of the Rox Index as a Predictor of Respiratory Failure in Pediatric Patients Receiving High-Flow Oxygen Therapy Support at the Roberto Gilbert Elizalde Hospital
Authors: Calderón-Salavarría Karla , Barreiro-Casanova Jimmy
Published: June 2024

Background: High-flow oxygen therapy is an ideal treatment for managing respiratory failure. It avoids orotracheal intubation; however, some patients are refractory to this treatment. The ROX Index aims to detect early failure in high-flow oxygen therapy; nevertheless, its use has been poorly studied in pediatrics. Objective: To evaluate the applicability of the ROX Index as a tool to determine the failure of high-flow oxygen therapy in pediatric patients admitted to the Roberto Gilbert Hospital. Methodology: Observational, prospective, longitudinal cohort study with a descriptive approach including 209 patients between 1 month and 17 years old who required high-flow oxygen therapy within the first 24 hours. ROX Index measurements were taken at 2, 4, 6, 12, and 24 hours with follow-up to determine the outcome. Result: A total of 209 patients meeting the inclusion criteria were obtained; 27 (12.9%) required endotracheal intubation (ETI), and 182 (87%) received high-flow oxygen therapy (HFNC). A higher frequency of younger infants was observed among patients who required ETI, with a median age of 12 months. A significant difference in the ROX index was found from two hours onwards with cutoff points on the AUROC curve above 0.5. Conclusion: It was determined that the ROX Index can be used as a complementary tool to strengthen decision-making in pediatrics.
Design of a LabVIEW-Based Virtual Instrument for the Disabled
Authors: Rathnayake Chamod , Dhanushka Eranda , Thilakarathne Sanjaya , Mallikarathne Thushani , Perera Madhushani
Published: June 2024

The eye is a prominent organ with complex functions that play a crucial role in our daily lives. The ability to perceive objects from varying distances and angles is vital for navigation, interaction, and understanding the world around us. The coordination of multiple muscles to move the eye allows us to focus on specific points of interest and gather visual information effectively. The concept of using the electrical signals generated by eye movements, known as the electrooculogram (EOG), has been studied in this research. EOG signals can be captured by placing electrodes around the eyes and measuring the potential differences generated as the eyes move. It was noted that a limited number of studies were carried out on EOG-based designs. However, continued research and development in this area have the potential to enhance the quality of life for individuals with disabilities and contribute to our understanding of both the visual system and human-computer interaction. This paper focuses on addressing the relatively underexplored areas of vertical and horizontal eye movements, as well as eye blinking, in the context of electrooculogram (EOG)-based designs. In this research, sharp EOG signals were observed in different eye movement patterns, and those signals were utilized to control assistive devices for individuals with mobility impairments with the LabVIEW software interface.
A Lefebvrean Analysis of the Lived Experiences of the On-Campus Students at the University of Zululand
Authors: Ndimande Nothile P.
Published: June 2024

Henri Lefebvre’s spatial triad is used to investigate the lived experiences of on-campus students at the University of Zululand. The study argues that campus students appropriated and disrupted campus spaces to create new ones. This is reflected, among other things, in relationships, living arrangements and campus cultures. This is a qualitative study in which data were gathered through semi-structured interviews. According to the study, campus students’ daily activities have played a role in rearranging and building relationships, but the students themselves are impotent and unable to influence the change in campus living conditions, making campus residences spaces of power and powerlessness.
A Focus Group Study of Equine-Assisted Activities and Therapy for Military Veterans Reintegrating Into Civilian Life
Authors: Highfill M. Christine , Cassidy Jessica , Lee Kathy , Pollio E. Whitney , Kotamarti Vinay S. , O’Brien Justin M. , Sharky Rie , McDonald Katy , Pollio David , North Carol S.
Published: June 2024

Many veterans returning to civilian life face medical and mental health issues. As there is a stigma of using mental health services, equine-assisted activities and therapy (EAAT) has been considered a nonconventional intervention to support the mental health and well-being of veterans. In this qualitative study, 14 focus groups with 67 participants and program volunteers and staff of a veteran-led EAAT program were conducted to explore perspectives among current and past participants in the program. Five themes emerged: (a) benefits of EAAT, (b) connections with horses, (c) program engagement, (d) equestrian experience related to military experience, and (e) recommendations for the program. In spite of emotional and physical challenges, they indicated that they felt stronger, confident, and fulfilled. The participants developed meaningful relationships with the horses and developed horsemanship skills. Some participants connected their involvement in the program to their past military experience based on interactions with peers in a group setting. Recommendations made by the participants included efforts to increase community awareness and expand the program by including families and adding therapeutic and aftercare components. Findings from this study suggest relevance for care of veterans reintegrating to civilian life from the point of view of individuals participating in EAAT.
Comparing the Efficacy of Fixed-Effects and MAIHDA Models in Predicting Outcomes for Intersectional Social Strata
Authors: Van Dusen Ben , Cian Heidi , Nissen Jayson , Arellano Lucy , Woods Adrienne D.
Published: June 2024

This investigation examines the efficacy of multilevel analysis of individual heterogeneity and discriminatory accuracy (MAIHDA) over fixed-effects models when performing intersectional studies. The research questions are as follows: (1) What are typical strata representation rates and outcomes on physics research-based assessments? (2) To what extent do MAIHDA models create more accurate predicted strata outcomes than fixed-effects models? and (3) To what extent do MAIHDA models allow the modeling of smaller strata sample sizes? We simulated 3,000 data sets based on real-world data from 5,955 students on the LASSO platform. We found that MAIHDA created more accurate and precise predictions than fixed-effects models. We also found that using MAIHDA could allow researchers to disaggregate their data further, creating smaller group sample sizes while maintaining more accurate findings than fixed-effects models. We recommend using MAIHDA over fixed-effects models for intersectional investigations.
Exploring Facilitator and Student Conversations Within Check-In/Check-Out Intervention: A Systematic Review With Links to Trauma-Informed Conversations
Authors: Hackney Aimee J. , Sanders Sara , Jolivette Kristine , Swoszowski Nicole C. , Ennis Robin P.
Published: June 2024

The purpose of this systematic review is to examine the current check-in, check-out (CICO) literature base for inclusions of trauma-informed adaptations, specifically within the conversations occurring between CICO facilitators and students. Published studies and dissertations incorporating at least four of the five steps in the CICO intervention and where the same adult served as CICO facilitator in both the check-in and check-out conversations were included. The PRISMA search protocols were followed to identify 36 studies meeting inclusion criteria. Each of the 36 included studies was analyzed to identify study characteristics and settings, intervention adaptations, CICO facilitator nomination and training, and method for selecting daily goals. Micro-coding was used to analyze consistent features and trauma-informed aspects of check-in and check-out conversations across studies. After analyses, findings included lack of specificity on facilitator conversation aspects and no consensus of what such conversations should look like. Future directions for researchers are provided including strengthening CICO conversations to include trauma-informed and relationship-building practices to address specificity and quality of the conversations.
Adsorption of Copper (II) by magnesium hydroxide modified Prunus mira Koehne shell activated carbon
Authors: Jin-tao Kan , Zheng-chang Tan , Yu-feng Zhang
Published: June 2024

Magnesium hydroxide modified activated carbon (Mg-HAAC) was obtained from the raw material of activated carbon of Prunus mira Koehne shell prepared by phosphoric acid chemical activation method (HAAC). And the physicochemical properties, Copper (II) adsorption capacity and mechanism between them were investigated. Results showed that the maximum loading rate of HAAC on magnesium hydroxide was up to 3.77%, and the Mg-HAAC has the highest adsorption capacity on Copper (II) of 23.88 mg/g when the concentration of magnesium chloride used during modification was 2.0 mol/L. The small photoelectron peak of Mg1 s at the binding energy of 1304.08 eV in X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) plot, the strong diffraction peak at the ϴ value of 19°, 38°, and 51° in the X-ray diffraction (XRD) plot, and the irregular small particles on the surface of sample in the scanning electron microscope (SEM) image all indicated HAAC had been successfully modified to Mg-HAAC. pH would affect the adsorption capacity of HAAC and Mg-HAAC on Copper (II), and the maximum adsorption capacity occurred at pH value of 7.0. The specific surface area increased from 1551.3 m2/g of HAAC to 1617.5 m2/g of Mg-HAAC. Under the optimal adsorption conditions, the maximum Copper (II) adsorption capacities of HAAC and Mg-HAAC reached up to be 41.92 and 58.03 mg/g, respectively. The analysis results of adsorption isotherm model, adsorption kinetics model, and thermodynamic indicate that the adsorption of Copper (II) by both HAAC and Mg-HAAC was monolayer chemical adsorption with an exothermic spontaneous process. These indicated magnesium hydroxide modification could significantly improve the adsorption capacity of HAAC on Copper (II), and the modified Mg-HAAC could be developed and utilized as an effective adsorbent for Copper (II) containing wastewater.
Antithrombin restriction in extracorporeal membrane oxygenation support (ARES): A multidisciplinary approach
Authors: Lam Jade C , Lam Erwin H , Pidathala Sai , Padiyar Josna P
Published: June 2024

Background: Antithrombin (AT) replacement is occasionally utilized in the setting of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO)-associated heparin resistance. Although past studies emphasized the high costs and limited clinical benefit of AT supplementation,  guidance on strategies to prevent unnecessary use remain lacking.

Methods: In this retrospective study, we evaluated the cost, efficacy, and safety outcomes three years pre- and post-implementation of an AT restriction protocol in adult ECMO patients. The primary endpoint was the cost spent on anticoagulation and AT normalized to ECMO duration. Secondary endpoints included thromboembolic and bleeding outcomes.

Results: 175 patients were included for analysis (pre-restriction protocol n = 87; post-restriction protocol n = 88). Implementation of the restriction resulted in complete elimination of AT use and significantly reduced the primary cost endpoint from $1009.20 to $42.99 per ECMO day ( p < .001). There was no significant change in occurrence of new Venous Thromboembolism (VTE) ( p = .099). Those in the pre-implementation group had significantly higher rates of transfusions ( p < .001) and ISTH major bleeding ( p < .001). Outcomes remained significant after exclusion of patients with coronavirus infections.

Conclusion: Results of this study exemplify how AT restriction can be successfully implemented to decrease anticoagulation-associated costs without jeopardizing the risk of bleeding and thrombosis in ECMO patients.
‘We’re not right-wing or racist but…’: Far-right myth and distributive conflict in asylum seeker related protest in the Republic of Ireland, November 2022–July 2023
Authors: Cannon Barry , Murphy Shane
Published: June 2024

The Republic of Ireland has seen numerous protests around asylum seeker accommodation since the Russian invasion of Ukraine in February 2022, with noted involvement of the far right. But what are protestors actually demanding? And how do they feel about far-right involvement in such protests? This article is based on quotes found in 144 media articles, published between November 2022 and July 2023, from people protesting in support of and against asylum seeker accommodation in the State. It finds that among those protesting against such accommodation, complaints about security, access to services and lack of consultation predominate. Nevertheless, many such protestors repeat common far-right racist and xenophobic tropes while simultaneously distancing themselves from the far right. Similarly, those supporting asylum seeker accommodation reject the far right while recognising the validity of many of the structural and political complaints of those who protest against asylum seekers. Based on this analysis, we suggest that such apparently dichotomous thinking among protestors deserves further research scrutiny, particularly, with regard to difficulties in disentangling far-right-inspired racist and xenophobic tropes from legitimate grievances around structural and resource issues.
Building Three-dimensional Virtual Historic Fashion Museum Exhibitions: From the Perspective of Technology Affordances
Authors: Kang Ju-Young M. , Lin Shu Hwa
Published: June 2024

Museums are currently undertaking the task of digital transformation. Transformational technology generates revitalization of the curatorship, cultural heritage presentation, management model, and traditional roles of museums. The creation of three-dimensional (3D) virtual museum exhibitions is important to fulfill the revolutionary operational requirements and projections of recent museums through digital transformation. The objectives of this project were to (1) create realistic 3D virtual museum exhibitions accessible from the web, focusing on historic fashions, and (2) provide an analysis of the process and resources for creating 3D virtual museum exhibitions featuring object-focused exhibits. As a theoretical background of this project, the theory of technology affordances and the affordance actualization process were applied in the creation of 3D virtual museum exhibitions. The results of this project provide cultural heritage museums and institutions with useful precedents for the development of 3D virtual historic fashion museum exhibitions.
Social Life of Zines and Other DIY Micro-Media Constituting American DIY Communities and Scenes
Authors: Verbuč David
Published: June 2024

The primary function of zines is often considered to be creative and expressive, and the function of other types of DIY (“do-it-yourself”) micro-media as utilitarian (e.g., flyers as promotion), but all of these media also perform important social roles. DIY micro-media (e.g., zines, flyers, Internet pages, graffiti, wall signs, and “thank you” notes) are in this way embroiled in social lives of their makers and help them constitute themselves culturally and socially. DIY micro-media in this way also acquire their own social lives. Inspired by my ethnographic observations of the social lives of DIY micro-media within particular American DIY houses and music scenes, I examine in this article not only the content of DIY zines and micro-media (i.e., to study them as texts), but primarily the social role of zines and other DIY micro-media in the material, social, and affective constitution of DIY and music communities and scenes (i.e., to study them as social agents). Therefore, I show how these micro-media operate as material and media objects that are simultaneously shaped by and shaping human and social relations. By combining zine and micro-media studies with anthropology and material culture studies, I offer in this article a nuanced micro perspective, both ethnographic and emic, of the social processes implicated in the social and economic mutual constitution between media objects and music/art communities and scenes.
Willy Haas in Bombay
Authors: Mukherjee Debashree , Holt Xan
Published: June 2024

This archival piece presents an excerpted translation from the memoirs of Willy Haas, Die Literarische Welt (1958). Haas was a Czech-German writer and scenarist who migrated to Bombay during the Nazi purge of European Jews. The translation, by Xan Holt, offers rich atmospheric and technical details about an underdocumented period in Indian film history. The framing commentary by Debashree Mukherjee goes deeper into the histories coded in the excerpt: of Bhavnani Productions, a studio founded by film director Mohan Bhavnani, and the first film that Haas wrote for him, a controversial adaptation of Ibsen’s Ghosts, released in India as Jhoothi Sharm (1940).
Dr Bhagwan Din Chaurasia: A Guiding Light and a Pillar of Anatomy Education in India
Authors: Vaishya Raju
Published: June 2024

Introduction:

Dr Bhagwan Din Chaurasia is a legend in Indian Anatomy education. Being his student in 1977–78, I saw him closely and was inspired immensely to write his biography to pay my homage and tribute to this great ‘guru’.

Methods:

Apart from my first-hand information and experience with Dr Chaurasia, I did extensive research on PubMed, Scopus and Google Scholar databases to extract his research publications. I also extracted his personal information from his old students at Gajra Raja Medical College, Gwalior (India), some of the main ones have been acknowledged in this paper.

Results:

Despite a shortened life, Dr Chaurasia’s influence on the field remains immense. His book, Human Anatomy has been an essential guide for countless medical students around the world. He was not only a gifted teacher but also, a dedicated researcher, actively publishing in prestigious journals.

Conclusion:

Dr Chaurasia’s legacy is a testament to the power of clear explanations, innovative teaching methods, and unwavering passion for Anatomy. The name Dr B. D. Chaurasia is synonymous with excellence in Anatomy education. His work will continue to inspire generations of medical professionals to come.
Clostridium spiroforme–associated enteric disease in domestic rabbits: a retrospective study of 32 cases in California, 1992–2019, and literature review
Authors: Tuomisto Laura , Navarro Mauricio A. , Mendonça Fábio S. , Oliver-Guimerá Arturo , Casanova M. Isabel , Keel Kevin , Asin Javier , Imai Denise , Stoute Simone , Mete Aslı , Uzal Francisco A.
Published: June 2024

Clostridium spiroforme has been associated with spontaneous and antibiotic-associated enteric disease ( C. spiroforme–associated enteric disease, CSAED) in rabbits, which is clinically characterized by anorexia, diarrhea, or sudden death. Diagnosis is usually based on gross and microscopic lesions, coupled with finding the characteristic coiled bacteria in intestinal smears. Isolation of C. spiroforme is often challenging, and a PCR protocol has been developed. We reviewed 32 cases of CSAED submitted for autopsy to the Davis, Tulare, and Turlock laboratories of CAHFS between 1992 and 2019. The reported gross findings were soiling of the perineum, tail, and/or hind legs with diarrhea (16 of 32); gastric (16 of 32), small intestinal (6 of 32), cecal (15 of 32), and/or colonic (4 of 32) distention with brown-to-green, watery content; and serosal hemorrhages in the cecum (15 of 32). The most common microscopic finding was necrotizing enteritis (19 of 32), followed by cecal mucosal or submucosal edema (8 of 32), necrotizing or pleocellular typhlitis (6 of 32), necrotizing or heterophilic typhlocolitis (6 of 32), and cecal transmural hemorrhages (5 of 32). In all 32 rabbits, typical helically coiled, gram-positive bacilli were observed in fecal or intestinal smears. C. spiroforme was isolated from the intestinal content of 2 of 24 rabbits and detected by PCR assay in 8 of 8 rabbits.
The Odd Year: Experiences of Care Leavers in the First Year of the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Yliruka Laura E. , Hirschovits-Gerz Tanja , Utriainen Siiri I. , Weckroth Niina H. , Westlund Onni V.
Published: June 2024

The purpose of the study is to describe how young care leavers conceptualize their subjective sense of wellbeing, as a lived experience during the “Odd Year” which refers to the first year of the COVID-19 Pandemic—from 2020 to 2021. Qualitative data from seven young people's open discussions by using the Time Out Method and essays. Principles of Joint Research were used. Fattorés theory of children and young people's subjective well-being as well as Eskelineńs (2020) themes of social philosophy during a disaster were employed in the analysis. The Odd Year's effect was to restrict agency relating to study and employment but simultaneously highlight moral agency. The downscaling of services created a sense of uncertainty. Background in Foster Care strengthened the sense of resilience and agency for some. The transformative resilience of society can be strengthened by peer support and by utilizing digital services in social work.
Endurance and Evolution: Exploring Levels of Resilience Among Indian Breast Cancer Survivors
Authors: Alexander Annie , Kuruveettissery Sreenath , Ramesh Rakesh S. , Srinath B. S , Appachu Sandhya , Thippeswamy Ravi
Published: June 2024

Resilience for Indian women with breast cancer involves maintaining positivity and adaptability amid the complex challenges affecting their physical, emotional, and social well-being. However, research focused on resilience amongst this population in Indian settings is limited. Therefore, the aim of the study is to explore the experience of levels, patterns, and processes of resilience in Indian women living with breast cancer. A qualitative phenomenological approach was used to study resilience. Thirty-three participants from two hospitals underwent semistructured interviews, including survivors, women in cancer therapy, and family members. Data collected via audio recordings were analyzed using reflective thematic analysis techniques. The finding describes four themes of experience of resilience in women living with breast cancer. (a) Cancer diagnosis is a life-changing experience. Breast cancer diagnosis and therapy cause existential crisis, psychological distress, and social stigma. (b) Restoring healthy perception in an adverse event. Navigating challenges and achieving a balance between internal and external factors. (c) Types of support—the pathway to resilience. Enhanced their resilience through internal support including attributes, past experiences, sociodemographic factors, and brain fitness. External support includes family, friends, religious or spiritual advisors, medical care, role models, other cancer survivors, and comfortable environments. (d) Learning and growing from the experience. Gained a better perspective on life, ultimately resulting in a new normal and finding meaning in the experience. Data show breast cancer survivors experience dynamic resilience, highlighting the need for culturally tailored interventions and supportive avenues within cancer care by healthcare providers and policymakers.
Development and Validation of the Five-Factor Borderline Inventory–Super Short Form and Screener
Authors: DeShong Hilary L. , Mason Courtney K. , Porter Ben , Kelley Kren , Mullins-Sweatt Stephanie N. , Lynam Donald R. , Miller Joshua D. , Widiger Thomas
Published: June 2024

The Five-Factor Borderline Inventory (FFBI) and FFBI-Short Form (FFBI-SF) are 120-item and 48-item measures that assess the underlying maladaptive personality traits of borderline personality disorder (BPD). The purpose of this study was to develop a super short form (FFBI-SSF) and an FFBI-Screener to facilitate the use of dimensional trait measures for BPD. Using item response theory analyses, the 48-item measure was reduced to 22 items using a large undergraduate sample ( N = 1300) and then retested using a Mechanical Turk sample ( N = 602), demonstrating strong replicability. IRT was again used to further reduce the measure from 22 items to four items to provide a brief screening tool. Correlations of the FFBI-SSF and Screener with measures of BPD-related variables were compared across five samples ( N = 919, 204, 580, 281, and 488). Overall, the FFBI-SSF showed similar relations to the FFBI-SF at the full scale and domain-level scales, while the FFBI-screener demonstrated similar relations at the full scale level. This super short form and screener may best be used in large-scale research studies or as part of a screening tool in clinical settings.
Predictive control based on LSTM for suspension operation of maglev vehicle
Authors: Liu Mengjuan , Fu Shanqiang , Wu Han , Liang Xin , Zhang Weiwei , Zeng Xiaohui
Published: June 2024

To maintain the stable suspension of high-speed maglev vehicles, a predictive control algorithm based on neural networks is proposed. Initially, the vehicle dynamic response prediction model is built using the long short-term memory neural network considering its’ time-varying and nonlinear characteristics. This predictive model achieves precise online prediction of the electromagnetic suspension gap. Then, the prediction model is utilized to construct the predictive control algorithm. Finally, the effectiveness of this algorithm is verified by simulations and experiments. The results demonstrate that the prediction model can accurately and continuously predict the maglev vehicle’s future dynamic responses. Predictive control algorithms can predict fluctuations in the suspension gap before they occur and provide feedforward compensation. Experimental results prove that the predictive control algorithm can effectively suppress electromagnet fluctuations to achieve better stable suspension.
Parenting, Child Maltreatment, and Social Disadvantage: A Population-Based Implementation and Evaluation of the Triple P System of Evidence-Based Parenting Support
Authors: Sanders Matthew R. , Clague Denise , Zając Tomasz , Baxter Janeen , Western Mark , Chainey Carys , Morawska Alina , Tomaszewski Wojtek , Prinz Ronald J. , Burke Kylie
Published: June 2024

Child Maltreatment (CM) is a widespread public health problem, with adverse outcomes for children, families, and communities. Evidence-based parenting support delivered via a public health approach may be an effective means to prevent CM. The Every Family 2 population trial applied a public health approach to delivering evidence-based parenting support to prevent CM in disadvantaged communities. Using a quasi-experimental design, 64 matched low socioeconomic communities in the Australian states of Queensland and New South Wales received either the full multi-level Triple P system (TPS) of parenting support, or Care as Usual (CAU). Two population indicators of CM, the number of substantiated cases of CM, and the number of notifications of CM to protective services were compared using Welch’s t-test to evaluate intervention effectiveness. After two years of intervention, medium to large effect sizes favoring TPS communities were found for substantiations (d = 0.57, p < .05) and notifications (d = 1.86, p < .001). These findings show the value of the TPS, deployed using a public health approach, in efforts to prevent CM in socially disadvantaged communities. A number of uncontrolled contextual factors are described that may have contributed to some of the differences detected between TPS and CAU communities.
Atypical work and residence in cross-border situations: The coordination of unemployment benefits
Authors: Mišič Luka , Strban Grega
Published: June 2024

This article analyses the potential challenges related to the coordination of unemployment benefits under European Union law for persons whose employment or other economic activities and living arrangements are, in one way or another, dispersed across the territories of several EU Member States. Starting from the traditional cases of frontier workers and other cross-border (or mobile) workers, on the one hand, and remote work or telework, on the other, the article looks at the potential future of free movement in the EU under Regulation (EC) No. 883/2004 and its implementing regulation, Regulation (EC) No. 987/2009. New forms of work and work organisation, alongside new mobility and residency patterns, challenge the basic rules of lex loci laboris (the country of employment is competent) and lex loci domicilii (the country of residence is competent), especially when they collide in a single case. At the same time, unemployment benefits, which are at the heart of this debate, still remain subject to specific coordination (e.g. competence) rules that depart from the general legislation, possibly making effective provision in such cases even more difficult. The article gives a diverse collection of theoretical examples in which cross-border situations are either in themselves atypical and complex, or accompanied and made possible by new forms of work or work organisation, causing specific problems for the adequate and appropriate provision of unemployment benefits.