bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Separation Benzene and Toluene from BTX using Zeolite 13X
Authors: Abdul-Karim Mohammed Abdul-Halim , Kadir Baki Mohand
Published: May 2023

This work deals with the separation of benzene and toluene from a BTX fraction. The separation was carried out using adsorption by molecular sieve zeolite 13X in a fixed bed. The concentration of benzene and toluene in the influent streams was measured using gas chromatography. The effect of flow rate in the range 0.77 – 2.0 cm3/min on the benzene and toluene extraction from BTX fraction was studied. The flow rate increasing decreases the breakthrough and saturation times. The effect of bed height in the range 31.6 – 63.3 cm on benzene and toluene adsorption from BTX fraction was studied. The increase of bed height increasing increases the break point values. The effect of the concentration of benzene in the range 0.0559 – 0.2625g/cm3 and toluene in the range 0.144 – 0.21 g/cm3 was studied. The increasing of inlet solute concentration increases the slope of the breakthrough curve. The amount of toluene adsorbed in the packed bed at any time is higher than that of benzene while it decreases after the saturation time. The best operating conditions in this work for benzene and toluene adsorption are 0.77 cm3/min of feed and 31.6 cm bed height of zeolite 13X.
COMPUTATIONAL ANALYSIS OF THE MIXING ZONE IN THE COMBUSTION CHAMBER OF RAMJET
Authors: A. Al-Hemiri Adil , A. Fa’ek Sa’ad
Published: May 2023

A theoretical analysis of mixing in the secondary combustion chamber of ramjet is presented. Theoretical investigations were initiated to insight into the flow field of the mixing zone of the ramjet combustor and a computer program to calculate axisymmetric, reacting and inert flow was developed. The mathematical model of the mixing zone of ramjet comprises differential equations for: continuity, momentum, stagnation enthalpy, concentration, turbulence energy and its dissipation rate. The simultaneous solution of these equations by means of a finite-difference solution algorithm yields the values of the variable at all internal grid nodes.The results showed that increasing air mass flow (0.32 to 0.64 kg/s) increases the development of velocity profile due to the high turbulence generated resulting in very fast mixing and homogenous flow. And the occurrence of chemical reaction causes higher local temperature and composition resulting in faster development of the velocity profile
EFFECT OF TEMPERATURE ON CORROSION OF CARBON STEEL BOILER TUBES IN DILUTE SODUIM CHLORIDE SOLUTION
Authors: Rassoul G.A. , Rzaige D.R.
Published: May 2023

The corrosion behavior of carbon steel at different Temperatures and in water containing different sodium chlorideconcentrations under 3 bar pressure has been investigated using weight loss method . The carbon steel specimens wereimmersed in water containing (100,400,700,1000PPM) of NaCl solution and under temperature was increased from(90-120ºC) under pressures of 3 bar. The results of this investigation indicated that corrosion rate increased with NaClconcentrations and Temperature.
Optimization of Biochemical Treatment of Tannery Wastewater
Authors: K. IBRAHIM NERAN , H. ALWAN ALI , M. BARBOOTI MAHMOOD
Published: May 2023

The present work is concerned with the finding of the optimum conditions for biochemical wastewater treatment for a local tannery. The water samples were taken from outline areas (the wastewater of the chrome and vegetable tannery) in equal volumes and subjected to sedimentation, biological treatment, and chemical and natural sedimentation treatment.The Box-Wilson method of experimental design was adopted to find useful relationships between three operating variables that affect the treatment processes (temperature, aeration period and phosphate concentration) on the Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD5).The experimental data collected by this method were successfully fitted to a second order polynomial mathematical model. The most favorable operating conditions for the treatment are;Temperature 32.5oC,Aeration period 10 hours andphosphate concentration 16.8 mg/L.On using the optimum conditions a mathematical model simulating the operation for the treatment was obtained.
Electrocoagulation of phenol for wastewater treatment
Authors: A-Mohammed Ahmed
Published: May 2023

Electrocoagulation is an electrochemical process of treating polluted water where sacrificial anode corrodes to produce active coagulant (usually aluminum or iron cations) into solution. Accompanying electrolytic reactions evolve gas (usually as hydrogen bubbles). The present study investigates the removal of phenol from water by this method. A glass tank with 1 liter volume and two electrodes were used to perform the experiments. The electrode connected to a D.C. power supply. The effect of various factors on the removal of phenol (initial phenol concentration, electrode size, electrodes gab, current density, pH and treatment time) were studied. The results indicated that the removal efficiency decreased as initial phenol concentration increased, the highest removal obtained at pH in the range (6-8), the removal enhanced with increasing electrode size and decreasing the gab between the electrodes. The optimum current density obtained at 221 A/m2.
Viscosity Index Improvement of Lubricating Oil Fraction (SAE – 30)
Authors: Abdul-Karim Mohammed Abdul-Halim , Shehab Al – Rubai Amal Khalid
Published: May 2023

An investigation was conducted for the improvement of viscosity index of a lubricating oil fraction (SAE – 30) obtained from vacuum distillation unit of lube oil plant of Daura Refinery, using solvent extraction process. In this study two type of extraction solvents were used to extract the undesirable materials which reduce the viscosity index of raw lubricating oil fraction, the first solvent was furfural which is un use today in the Iraqi refineries and the second was NMP (N-methyl, 2, pyrrolidone) which is used for the first time in this work to extract the lubricating oil fraction produced from Iraqi crude oils. The studied effecting variables of extraction are extraction temperature range from 70 to 110 oC for furfural and NMP extraction, solvent to oil ratio range from 1:1 to 5:1 (wt/wt) for furfural extraction and from 0.5:1 to 2:1 (wt/wt) for NMP extraction. The results of this investigation show that the viscosity index of lubricating oil fraction increases with increasing extraction temperature and increasing the solvent to oil ratio and reaches 83 for NMP extraction at extraction temperature 110 oC and solvent to oil ratio 2:1, while the viscosity index reaches to 80 for furfural extraction at the same extraction temperature and solvent oil ratio. Higher viscosity index of lubricating oil fraction is obtained by using NMP instead of furfural under the same operating variables (extraction temperature and solvent to oil ratio). Further more, the results show that the viscosity, refractive index, and percentage yield of raffinate decreased as the extraction temperature or solvent to oil ratio increases for furfural and NMP extraction.
Separation of Hexane-Benzene Mixtures by Emulsion Liquid Membrane.
Authors: A. Al Hemiri Adil , D. Al Zaidi Muhammad
Published: May 2023

The effect of operating parameters on the batch scale separation of hydrocarbon mixture (benzene and hexane) usingemulsion liquid membrane technique is reported. Sparkleen detergent was used as surfactant and heavy mineral oil assolvent to receive the permeates.From the experimental results, the parameters that influenced the permeation are, composition of feed, contact timewith solvent, ratio of volume of solvent to volume of hydrocarbon feed, ratio of volume of surfactant solution to volumeof hydrocarbon feed, surfactant concentration, mixing intensity and glycerol as polar additive in the surfactant solutionto eliminate drop breakup.The best conditions for the separation in this study were found to be: composition of feed (mole fraction ofbenzene=0.5245), contact time of 10min. , ratio of volumes of solvent to feed equal 3.5 , ratio of volumes of surfactantsolution to feed of 0.4, surfactant concentration of 1wt%, mixing intensity equal 1000rpm and 70% by weight of polaradditive. These conditions gave a separation factor of (8.0).
The Effect of TCE Addition on the Performance of Catalytic Isomerization of n-Hexane
Authors: A.K. Mohammed Abdul Halim , Al-Hassani Maha , Kareem Samar
Published: May 2023

n-Hexane conversion enhancement was studied by adding TCE (Trichloro-ethylene) on feed stream using 0.3%Pt/HY zeolite catalyst. All experiments were achieved at atmospheric pressure and on a continuous laboratory unit with a fixed bed reactor at a temperature range 240-270◦C, LHSV 1-3h-1, H2/nC6 mole ratio 1-4.By adding 435 ppm of TCE, 49.5 mole% conversion was achieved at LHSV 1h-1, temperature of 270ºC and H2/nC6 mole ratio of 4, while the conversion was 18.3 mol% on the same catalyst without adding TCE at the same conditions. The activation energy decreased from 98.18 for pure Pt/HY zeolite to 82.83 kJ/mole by adding TCE. Beside enhancement the activity, selectivity and product distribution enhanced by providing DMB (Dimethyl butane) which have higher octane number as compared with 0.3%Pt/HY zeolite. Indeed the increase of the 2.2-DMB/2,3DMB ratio with n-hexane conversion is more pronounced with TCE than with pure Pt/HY zeolite.
Adsorption of BTX Aromatic from Reformate by 13X Molecular Sieve
Authors: A.K. Mohammed Abdul Halim , Mehdi Abdul-Raheem Maisa
Published: May 2023

This work deals with separation of the aromatic hydrocarbons benzene, toluene, and xylene (BTX) from reformate. The separation was examined using adsorption by molecular sieve zeolite 13X in a fixed bed process. The concentration of aromatic hydrocarbons in the influent and effluent streams was measured using gas chromatography. The effect of flow rate and bed length of adsorbent on the adsorption of multicomponent hydrocarbons and adsorption capacity of molecular sieve was studied. The tendency of aromatic hydrocarbons adsorption from reformate is in the order: benzene >toluene>xylenes.
Effect of operation conditions on Catalytic Oxidation of Phenol in Aqueous Solution
Authors: T. Mohammed Wadood , A. Kadim Hisham
Published: May 2023

This work was conducted to study the oxidation of phenol in aqueous solution using copper based catalyst with zinc as promoter and different carrier, i.e. γ-Alumina and silica. These catalysts were prepared by impregnation method.The effect of catalyst composition, pH (5.6-9), phenol to catalyst concentration ratio (2-0.5), air feed rate (30-50) ml/s, stirring speed (400-800) rpm, and temperature (80-100) °C were examined in order to find the best conditions for phenol conversion.The best operating conditions which lead to maximum phenol conversion (73.1%) are : 7.5 pH, 4/6 phenol to catalyst concentration, 40 ml/s air feed rate, 600 rpm stirring speed, and 100 °C reaction temperature. The reaction involved an induction period and a steady state activity regime. Both of the regimes exhibiting first order behavior with respect to the phenol concentration. The rate constants k1 and k2 for the initial rate and steady state activity regime are represented by k1=1.9×10-3 ((cm3liq/gcat) 0.5s-1 and k2= 2.4×10-10 ((cm3liq/gcat) 2 s-1) respectively.
Study of the Performance of Batch Reactive Distillation Column
Authors: K. Haweel Cecilia , M.A. Hamza Taha
Published: May 2023

Batch reactive distillation was studied in packed bed column. Esterification of methanol with acetic acid to produce methyl acetate and water with homogenous sulfuric acid as a catalyst was considered. This system was chosen because the reaction is reversible and the boiling point of reactant and products are different.The reaction was carried out with and without distillation column and shows that the reactive distillation is more efficient from the conventional process (reactor and then separation). The conversion of acetic acid and concentration of methyl acetate increase by (30.43% and 75.14%) respectively at the best condition (reflux ratio 2, feed mole ratio 2 and batch time 90 minute).The influence of various parameters, such as batch time, reflux ratio, and feed mole ratio (methanol to acetic acid) on the performance of the batch reactive distillation column was studied, through the effect of the concentration of product and conversion of reactant.The results obtained for the non-ideal packed bed reactive batch distillation column show that the conversion of acetic acid is 90% at the best condition reflux ratio 2, feed mole ratio 2, and batch time 90 minute
Cathodic Protection of Copper Pipes Carrying Saline Water in the Presence of Aerobic Bacteria
Authors: S. Yaro Aprael. , A.K.Rasheed Hala , A.K. Rasheed Haider
Published: May 2023

Rates of zinc consumption during cathodic protection of a copper pipeline carrying saline water were measured by the loss in weight technique. The study of sacrificial anode cathodic protection of short copper tube using zinc strip extended axially in the pipe revealed that : (i) The increase of zinc consumption with time of exposure (1-3 h's) at different flow rates (turbulent flow) (300-600 l/hr) while the temperature , solution concentration and the pH were fixed at 20ºC, 3.5%wt NaCl, and pH=8 respectively in absence and presence of bacteria.(ii)Increase of zinc consumption with flow rates (300-600 l/hr) at different temperatures (10-40ºC) while solution concentration and time of exposure were fixed at 3.5 %wt NaCl and 3hr's respectively, in absence and presence of bacteria. (iii) Increase of zinc consumption with flow rates (300-600l/hr) at different solution concentrations (1-3.5 %wt NaCl) while the time of exposure and temperature were fixed at 3h's and 30ºC respectively in absence and presence of bacteria. Generally the Zn consumption during cathodic protection ranges from (2.424- 26.741 g/m2) and (5.352-27.296g/m2) in absence and presence of bacteria respectively.
Design Criteria of an Activated Carbon Bed for Dechlorination of Water
Authors: Y. Abdul – Ahad Muna
Published: May 2023

Granular carbon can be used after conventional filtration of suspended matter or, as a combination of filtration - adsorption medium. The choice of equipment depends on the severity of the organic removal problem, the availability of existing equipment, and the desired improvement of adsorption condition.Design calculations on dechlorination by granular - carbon filters considering the effects of flow rate, pH , contact time, head loss and bed expansion in backwashing , particle size, and physical characteristics were considered assuming the absence of bacteria or any organic interface .
البلاستيكية ABS الترسيب اللاكهربائي للنحاس على لدائن
Authors: Al-Saffar T. A. , Al-Mumayez A. N. , Muhsin A. H.
Published: May 2023

الترسيب اللاكهربائي للنحاس باستخدام الفورمالديهايد كعامل مختزل واستخدام الفضة كعامل مساعد في تفاعلات الترسيب على المواد غير الموصلة مثل لدائن ABS لغرض استعمالها بصورة رئيسية في لوحة الدوائر الكهربائية للاجهزة الالكترونية. تم دراسة تأثير تراكيز الفورمالديهايد (10-100) مل/لتر وتراكيز ملح روشيل (10-150) غم/لتر على معدل الطلاء. وجد ان الظروف المثلى لتحقيق الطلاء هي 70 مل/لتر للفورمالديهايد و 94 غم/لتر لملح روشيل.
Peran Program Usaha Peningkatan Pendapatan Keluarga (UP2K) Dalam Penguatan Ekonomi Keluarga Pada Era New Normal Di Kelurahan Tangkerang Utara Kota Pekanbaru
Authors: Nurmasari  , Eka Komalasari
Published: May 2023

Tujuan Penelitian ini untuk menganalisis dan mendeskripsikan  (1) Peran Program Usaha Peningkatan Pendapatan Keluarga (UP2K) Dalam Penguatan Ekonomi Keluarga Pada Era New Normal Di Kelurahan Tangkerang Utara Kota Pekanbaru. (2) Untuk mengetahui faktor penghambat Peran Program Usaha Peningkatan Pendapatan Keluarga (UP2K) Dalam Penguatan Ekonomi Keluarga Pada Era New Normal Di Kelurahan Tangkerang Utara Kota Pekanbaru. Adapun metode penelitian yang digunakan metode pendekatan kualitatif dengan jenis penelitian yaitu penelitian deskriptif. Penelitian ini dimaksudkan guna memperoleh data dan informasi yang mendalam mengenai Peran Program Usaha Peningkatan Pendapatan Keluarga (UP2K) Dalam Penguatan Ekonomi Keluarga Pada Era New Normal Di Kelurahan Tangkerang Utara Kota Pekanbaru. Dengan teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah berdasarkan hasil wawancara, observasi dan dokumentasi. Untuk wawancara dilakukan langsung kepada key informan yaitu Ketua UP2K, Sekretaris UP2K, dan informen dalam penelitian ini Ketua kelompok pelaksana di Kelurahan Tangkerang Pekanbaru yang berjumlah delapan kelompok. Hasil wawancara tersebut di analisis menggunakan teori peran dengan tiga indikator  yaitu  Fasilitator, Regulator, dan Katalisator yang peran ini berjalan cukup baik dalam penguatan ekonomi keluarga, hambatan ditemukan dilapangan dana program UP2K hanya digulirkan ke satu kelompok untuk kelompok yang lain tidak digulirkan kembali kemasyarakat. Harapan masyarakat penerima program UP2K pihak kecamatan dan kelurahan hendaknya memberikan perhatian yang lebih besar dalam menggalakkan usaha UP2K tersebut.
Menurunkan Angka Kemiskinan Melalui Program Bantuan Stimulan Perumahan Swadaya (BSPS) Di Kabupaten Pandeglang
Authors: Viyulia  , Arenawati  , Agus Sjafari
Published: May 2023

Tujuan dari penelitian ini untuk mengetahui apa itu program BSPS serta bagaimana pengaruhnya terhadap pengentasan kemiskinan di kabupaten pandeglang. metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini yaitu deskriptif dengan pendekatan kualitatif, dimana dalam pengumpulan datanya menggunakan teknik pengumpulan data melalui observasi, wawancara dan kajian pustaka. lokasi penelitian ini yaitu pada Dinas Perumahan dan Kawasan Permukiman dan Pertanahan Kabupaten Pandeglang pada bidang perumahan permukiman, serta penelitian juga dilakukan dengan mengamati langsung ke lapangan melihat langsung lokasi rumah yang mendapatkan bantuan. informan dalam penelitian ini yaitu pegawai DPKPP bidang perumahan kawasan permukiman sebagai informan kunci, dan informan pendukung nya adalah penerima bantuan BSPS. hasil penelitian ini menunjukan bahwa program BSPS memberikan pengaruh yang baik terhadap penurunan angka kemiskinan di kabupaten pandeglang. program BSPS ini diperuntukan bagi masyarakat yang berpenghasilan rendah (MBR) dengan sumber pendanaannya dari tiga sumber yaitu APBN, APBD dan DAK. melalui program BSPS ini masyarakat sangat terbantu dalam mewujudkan keinginannya memiliki tempat tinggal yang layak huni.
Rencana Pemekaran Kelurahan Selat Panjang Timur Kecamatan Tebing Tinggi Kabupaten Kepulauan Meranti Dilihat Dari Prinsip Equity Theory
Authors: Fikri Rijalul , Amrillah Muhammad Faisal , Rosyadi M Irfan , Azam Syahrul , Asshiddiqy Fajar
Published: May 2023

Kebijakan pemekaran pada dasarnya merupakan hal yang dilematis, disatu sisi pemerintah dalam melakukan pemekaran wilayah pemerintah daerah harus memikirkan implikasi dari pemakaran tersebut. Seperti implikasi financial yang timbul dari pemekaran, implikasi adminstratif seperti batas wilayah yang memicu perdebatan dan implikasi – implikasi lainnya. Di lain sisi pemekaran juga merupakan hak ihwal masyarakat yang wajib dipenuhi pemerintah yakni mendapatkan pelayanan yang prima. Dengan adanya pemekaran masyarakat akan dapat dengan lebih mudah menjangkau pelayanan karena rentang kendali serta jarak yang jauh lebih dekat. Dilema ini juga diperparah dengan orientasi pemerintah dalam merumuskan kebijakan yang mengangap kebijakan “given” dari tingkat atas seihngga tidak ada ruang untuk pemenuhan hak masyarkat dalam pemekaran. Penelitian ini mencoba untuk melihat bagaimana prinsip equty theory dalam rencana program pemekaran Kelurahan Selat Panjang Timur, untuk memastikan pemekaran tidak hanya sebagai komoditas segelintir pihak namun bagi keseluruhan lapisan masyarakat yang ada di Kelurahan Selat Panjang Timur. Penelitian ini menggunakan masuk dalam metode kualitatif deskriptif. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa Proses pembuatan dan penetapan kebijakan pemekaran kecamatan/kelurahan di Kelurahan Selatpanjang timur merupakan upaya solutif untuk mengatasi masalah – masalah substantive masyarakat. Persoalan pemerataan pelayanan publik dapat dipecahkan dengan penetapan satu opsi strategi yaitu pemekaran kelurahan.
Determinant Dalam Meningkatkan Loyalitas Pasien: Peran Dari Kualitas Pelayanan Dan Kepuasan Pasien
Authors: Susniwati  , Kurniawati
Published: May 2023

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahu faktor-faktor yang dapat meningkatkan loyalitas pasien pada klinik Pratama Polkes Kesdam III Siliwangi dengan melihat peran dari kualitas pelayanan dan kepuasan pasien. Jenis dari penelitian ini adalah kuantitatif dengan menggunakan survey explanatory untuk menguji hipotesis yang diajukan. Sampel dalam penelitian ini adalah 97 orang yang dipilih secara random di klinik pratama polkes kesdam III siliwangi. Kemudian data diolah dengan menggunakan analisis regresi berganda dengan bantuan software SPSS 23 for windows. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kualitas pelayanan dan kepuasan pasien memiliki pengaruh yang signifikan terhadap loyalitas pasien. Hasil ini didasarkan pada perolehan nilai pada uji parsial ataupun simultan. Penelitian ini memberikan implikasi manajerial khususnya bagi perusahaan untuk selalu meningkatkan pelayanan yang diberikan, karena dalam industri layanan jasa, faktor pelayanan merupakan indikator dalam meningkatkan kepuasan dan loyalitas.
Partisipasi Masyarakat Dalam Program Keluarga Berencana Di Kecamatan Amuntai Utara
Authors: Irza Setiawan
Published: May 2023

There are 2,876 couples of childbearing age in North Amuntai sub-district and there are 2,219 active family planning users. The purpose of this study was to find out how community participation is in the family planning program in North Amuntai sub-district, the method uses a qualitative approach with secondary data analysis techniques, book literature and Combined with national journal data on population, couples of childbearing age and active family planning participants in North Amuntai District, it is known that community participation is more inclined to involve using pill and injection contraceptive programs, and only a few use long-term contraceptive methods
Penerapan Sanksi Terhadap Pemilik Warung Remang – Remang Di Kabupaten Rokan Hulu
Authors: Apri Irsandi  , Sudi Fahmi  , Ardiansah
Published: May 2023

Tulisan ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis penerapan sanksi terhadap pemilik warung remang – remang di Kabupaten Rokan Hulu berdasarkan Peraturan Daerah Kabupaten Rokan Hulu Nomor 2 Tahun 2019 tentang Ketertiban Umum. Tulisan ini merujuk pada Teori Negara Hukum, Teori Penegakan Hukum dan Teori Efektivitas Hukum. Populasi dan sampel berasal dari  narasumber–narasumber yang relevan dengan penelitian. Sumber data yang digunakan adalah primer, sekunder dan tersier; teknik pengumpulan data: observasi, wawancara terstruktur dan studi dokumen (kepustakaan). Hasil penelitian diketahui bahwa penerapan sanksi terhadap pemilik warung remang – remang berdasarkan regulasi tersebut belum berjalan dengan sebagaimana mestinya. Hal tersebut ditunjukkan dengan 7 warung remang – remang yang masih tetap beroperasional di Kabupaten Rokan Hulu tahun 2020 sampai 2022 disertai dengan penerapan sanksi yang belum dilaksanakan dengan sebagaimana mestinya, yang diberikan hanya sanksi peringatan lisan saja
Implementasi Pemberhentian PNS Terpidana Kasus Korupsi Berdasarkan Undang-Undang Nomor 5 Tahun 2014 tentang Aparatur Sipil Negara di Kabupaten Rokan Hilir
Authors: Markoni  , Ardiansah  , Bagio Kadaryanto
Published: May 2023

Tulisan ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis implementasi pemberhentian PNS  terpidana kasus korupsi berdasarkan Undang - Undang Nomor 5 Tahun 2014 tentang Pegawai Negeri Sipil di Kabupaten Rokan Hilir. Tulisan ini merujuk pada Teori Negara Hukum, Teori Pertanggungjawaban Hukum dan Teori Kepastian Hukum. Populasi dan sampel berasal dari  narasumber–narasumber yang relevan dengan penelitian. Sumber data yang digunakan adalah primer, sekunder dan tersier; teknik pengumpulan data: observasi, wawancara terstruktur dan studi dokumen (kepustakaan). Hasil penelitian diketahui bahwa implementasi pemberhentian PNS  terpidana kasus korupsi berdasarkan Undang - Undang Nomor 5 Tahun 2014 tentang Pegawai Negeri Sipil di Kabupaten Rokan Hilir belum berjalan sebagaimana mestinya. Hal tersebut ditunjukkan dengan masih adanya 2 Pegawai Negeri Sipil di lingkungan  pemerintahan daerah Kabupaten Rokan Hilir terpidana tindak pidana korupsi berdasarkan putusan Pengadilan Negeri Pekanbaru berkekuatan hukum tetap yang belum diberikan sanksi Pemberhentian Tidak Dengan Hormat
Strategi Dinas Pemberdayaan Perempuan Dan Perlindungan Anak (DP3A) Dalam Mencegah Pernikahan Anak Usia Dini Di Kota Pekanbaru
Authors: Silvia Waliddra  , Harapan Tua Ricky Freddy Simanjuntak
Published: May 2023

Early marriage in Indonesia is increasing from year to year. This problem has an impact on the quality of children, family, family harmony and divorce. This is also the reason why children drop out of school. In addition, in Pekanbaru City, early marriage is also rife, even though Law No. 16 of 2019 has been enacted, that the minimum age limit for marriage for both men and women is 19 years. It was from this background that this research was conducted. The purpose of writing a thesis is to find out what is behind the occurrence of early marriage in Pekanbaru City. The theory put forward by Hunger and Wheleen (2003:11) is Environmental Observation, Strategy Formulation, Strategy Implementation, Evaluation and Control. This study used the method documentation, data analysis and interviews. Secondary data obtained from related government agencies, books, journals or data from the internet which contains related theories or research results. The results of this study explain that the strategy of the Pekanbaru City Women's Empowerment and Child Protection Service has not been successful because the early marriages that occur are motivated by the community environment and family environment. The lack of control of the surrounding community has resulted in changing norms and the emergence of a free culture as well as a lack of cooperation between the Pekanbaru City Women's Empowerment and Child Protection Service and PATBM
Implementasi Penggunaan Lindung Nilai (Hedging) Syariah untuk Menghadapi Ketidakpastian di Indonesia
Authors: Muhtadi  , Ahmad Rodoni  , Erika Amelia
Published: May 2023

Artikel ini membahas produk lindung nilai (hedging) perbankan syariah mendapatkan dukungan dari Bank Indonesia (BI) dan Majelis Ulama Indonesia (MUI) melalui aturan dan/atau regulasi dalam pelaksanaannya di Indonesia. Namun, pemilihan produk lindung nilai (hedging) sebagai salah satu alternatif pilihan produk derivatif yang ditawarkan oleh perbankan syariah dinilai masih sangat rendah. Penyebab rendahnya penggunaan produk lindung nilai (hedging) perbankan syariah dikarenakan minimnya eksposur yang diberikan kepada produk lindung nilai (hedging) syariah.

Dengan memperhatikan beberapa fatwa terkait yang dikeluarkan oleh Majelis Ulama Indonesia dan peraturan Bank Indonesia yang mengatur tentang Lindung Nilai Syariah, penulis melakukan studi literatur dan analisa kualitatif deskriptif atas produk pada tiap-tiap bank di Indonesia yang memasarkan produk lindung nilai syariah. Hal ini sangat krusial dalam melayani kebutuhan publik terhadap produk-produk perbankan syariah.

Keterbukaan informasi menjadi faktor penting dalam pemasaran berbagai produk dan layanan ekonomi perbankan syariah, kurangnya keterbukaan informasi mengakibatkan antusiasme konsumen perbankan syariah masih belum terlalu tinggi. Padahal, dengan manfaat yang ditawarkan tentu lindung nilai dapat menjadi daya tarik tersendiri bagi pelanggan perbankan syariah
Analisis Faktor Yang Mempengaruhi Tingkat Adopsi Teknologi Budidaya Bawang Merah Dari Biji
Authors: Hanif Gusrianto  , Zulvera  , Sri Wahyuni
Published: May 2023

Research objectives for 1). Knowing the Adoption Rate of Shallot Technology from Seeds in Lamposi Tigo Nagori District, Payakumbuh City. 2). Analyze the factors influencing the adoption rate of Shallot Cultivation Technology from Seeds in Lamposi Tigo Nagori District, Payakumbuh City. This study was conducted with a correlative descriptive survey method, namely collecting information from a selected sample representing a population of 95 respondents using the Likert Scale questionnaire as a data collection tool. The analysis tool uses multiple regression. The results of the research in the first objective showed that the adoption rate of onion cultivation technology from seeds in Lamposi Tigo Nagari district, Payakumbuh City, was in the moderate category with an interval of 50-77 percentage of respondents 62.1%. The results of the study on the second objective showed that the constant value (α) of 69,860 explained that if the variable Internal Characteristics of Farmers for the Social Dimension (X1), the characteristics of Innovation (X3) and Extension Support (X4) are assumed to be zero, then the Adoption Rate of TSS technology (Y) is worth a constant of 69,860 units. Thus, the four research variables have a positive effect on the adoption rate of onion cultivation technology from seeds in Lamposi Tigo Nagori District, Payakumbuh City
Efektifitas Program Bantuan Ternak Sapi Potong Sebagai Salah Satu Strategi Penganggulangan Kemiskinan Di Kabupaten Padang Pariaman
Authors: Devi Yanti  , Asdi Agustar  , Rusda Khairati
Published: May 2023

The purpose of this study was to determine the benefits of the beef cattle assistance program from the aspect of employment, the addition of cash and non-cash values ​​and to determine the effectiveness of the beef cattle assistance program in improving the economy of the Padang Pariaman district community. This research used survey method and analyzed with descriptive statistics. From the research, it was found that the Beef Cattle Assistance Program was able to absorb family labor as follows: assistance for 1-2 cows absorbs labor Male 0.32 HKP, female 0.27 HKP, for assistance 3-4 beef cattle absorb labor male 0.69 HKP and female 0.28 HKP, while for the assistance of cows above 5 heads, male labor is 0.57 HKP, female is 0.35 HKP and child labor is 0.21 HKP. Assistance for 1 cow that is raised for 7 years, the total cash and non-cash value is Rp. 431.174/month. For those raised for 5 years, the total value of cash and non-cash is Rp. 781,981/month. while cows raised for 3 years total added value of Rp 277,778/month. Assistance with 2 cows that were reared for 7 years, the total added value obtained was Rp. 713,245/month and those raised for 5 years, the total value of steadfastness was Rp. 1120,000/month. for bulls of 3 or more cows with a maintenance period of 7 years, the total added value obtained is Rp. 682.589 / month. The beef cattle assistance program has not been effective in improving the economy of the community in Padang Pariaman distric
Kajian Kepuasan Pelanggan Air Minum (PDAM) Dengan Menggunakan Konsep Service Quality (SERVQUAL) Di Komplek Perumahan Kota Solok
Authors: Ferya Askal  , Melinda Noer  , Denny Helard
Published: May 2023

This study aims to measure the level of user satisfaction of PDAM Solok City drinking water services and measure the variables that significantly affect customer satisfaction on the quality of service by PDAM in the provision of drinking water in the housing complex of Solok City. This study used a quantitative and inferential descriptive statistical analysis approach, the data was analyzed inferentially with the Structural Equation Model/SEM. Based on the results of the research that has been done, it was found that the research respondents answered that they were satisfied with the drinking water service of PDAM Kota Solok, then based on the results of data processing using SmartPLS, the dimensions of empathy and assurance play a significant role in influencing the level of customer satisfaction. Both of these aspects must be considered by company management so that service performance can be continuously improved
Analisis Partisipasi Anggota Kelompok Tani Hutan Pada Kegiatan KTH Di Kota Padang
Authors: Mekar Sari Eka Putri  , Hery Bachrizal Tanjung  , Zul Irfan
Published: May 2023

Management  Forestry  Social  conducted by Group  farmer  Forest (KTH) in  shape  activity KTH covers  manage  institutional, manage  area, and manage  effort. In  reach  purpose  activity KTH  this  needed  participation from member KTH. In Padang city area there is 2 (two) location  Forestry  Social  with  scheme  Forest  societal ( HKm ), however  participation  member  second  KTH this  still  low. For  that, need  study  deep  for  answer  how  participation  member  KTH on activity KTH at KTH Sikayan  Balumuik, KTH Padang Janiah, and Padang City, as well as  factors  what which influence  participation. Study  this  is  study  explanatory ( survey ) and quantitative. Next  in  analysis data used  regression linear double which processed  use  application  IBM SPSS Statistics 20.  Level participation  member KTH on activity KTH Sikayan  Balumuik  in  category  tall. Factor which affect it  is  level  education formal, role  companion  as  advocate, and Support market. Level participation  member KTH on activity KTH Padang Janiah in  category  low. Factor which affect it  is  Support  government, and Support market. Next  for  level  participation  member KTH on activity KTH in Padang City in  category  tall which influenced by level  education formal Support  government, Support  stake holders  other, and Support market
Keberlanjutan Usaha Peternakan Sapi Potong Program Bantuan Pemerintah Di Kabupaten Padang Pariaman
Authors: Tommy Fadillah  , Ira Wahyuni Syarfi  , Asdi Agustar
Published: May 2023

This study aims to determine the sustainability of the government-assisted beef cattle business in Padang Pariaman Regency and the factors that influence it. The study was conducted using a survey method with respondents of 82 beneficiaries in 2013 to 2017. Data collection using questionnaires. Data analysis using descriptive statistics and multiple linear regression correlation analysis. The results of the study found that the sustainability of the government-assisted beef cattle business in Padang Pariaman Regency was seen physically and economically as showing a low level of sustainability. This is due to the weakness in planning, implementing and supervising the assistance provided to the community by paying attention to variables that are very sensitive to the sustainability of the beef cattle farming business so that the expected goals have not been achieved properly
Eksistensi Badan Usaha Milik Nagari (BUMNag) Dalam Mengembangkan Usaha Dan Ekonomi Nagari
Authors: Sutri Dahlena  , Asdi Agustar  , Ira Wahyuni Syarfi
Published: May 2023

The purpose of this study is to obtain facts about the performance of Nagari-Owned Enterprises, to determine the relationship between BUMNag businesses and the economy of the community in each nagari, and to determine the factors that influence the development of BUMNag in West Pasaman Regency. The data collected are primary data and secondary data. The secondary data sources used are from the BUMNag annual report. While the primary data comes from key informants consisting of the Nagari Wali and BUMNag administrators. Data analysis was carried out with descriptive statistics in the form of percentages, averages to describe. The results of the research show that (1) BUMNag has been formally established administratively but not all of them have activities that can become the economic institutions of the respective nagari. The type of business that has been carried out is relevant to the economic mode of the nagari community, but its existence has not been seen as significant. (2) After four (4) years of existence, it turns out that the development of turnover, capital and the scope of activities has not seen any significant development. (3) The development of BUMNag is closely related to the management and performance of its management
Alan eğitiminde Web 2.0 uygulamalarının coğrafya dersi bağlamında değerlendirilmesi
Authors: YILDIRIM Salih
Published: May 2023

Bu çalışma, alan eğitiminde kullanılabilecek Web 2.0 uygulamalarının özelliklerini karşılaştırarak coğrafya dersi bağlamında değerlendirmeyi amaçlamaktadır. Bu hedef doğrultusunda, Web 2.0 uygulamalarını ziyaret edenlerin sayısı, ziyaret eden tekil kişi sayısı ve uygulamalarda ortalama geçirilen sürelere ait ortalamalar, uygulamaların işlevleri ve diğer önemli özellikleri tablolar halinde sunulmuş ve incelenmiştir. Araştırmanın verileri, Şubat 2023-Nisan 2023 tarih aralığını kapsayan dönemde pro.similarweb.com adresinden alınan ikincil veri setinden ve uygulamaların bazı özelliklerinin inclenmesiyle elde edilmiştir. Araştırmanın bulgularına göre, alan eğitimi kategorisinde Canva, Quizlet, Miro, Vimeo, Tumblr, Storyboardthat ve Youtube uygulamalarının Web 2.0 kategorileri arasında popüler olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Doğrudan coğrafi öğelerle tasarlanan Google Earth, ArcGIS Online, Geoguessr, Inkarnate, Worldatlas, World Geography Games, Seterra, Lizardpoint, Worldmapblank, Geographyquiz ve TrueSize uygulamalarının ise coğrafya öğretme ve öğrenme sürecinde yer alan tüm bireyleri olumlu yönde etkileyebileceği düşünülmektedir.
Projection of structure and compositions of resistance to burning polymer composite materials with flame retardants based on magnesium hydroxide
Authors: Brekhova K. A. , Simonov-Emel'yanov I. D. , Pykhtin A. A.
Published: May 2023

Objectives. To identify general principles for the design of dispersed-filled polymer composite materials (DFPCMs) with different generalized and reduced parameters, as well as types of disperse structure with high fire resistance; to develop an algorithm for the creation of non-combustible polymer composites with flame-retardant fillers.

Methods. Scanning electron microscopy and laser diffraction were used to assess the shape, size, and particle size distribution of flame retardants. According to the presented classification of DFPCMs by structural principle, standard bar samples were obtained to determine the oxygen index (OI) and the fire resistance category.

Results. For the MFS-2 (medium filled system) and HFS (high filled system) structure types, the maximum resistance to burning (category V-0) is achieved with a generalized parameter of ® ≤ 0.40 volume fractions; the OI value increases in 2 times (up to ~40%) in relation to the polymer matrix.

Conclusions. In order to obtain a flame retardant DFPCMs (OI = 40%, category V-0) based on ethylene vinyl acetate with OI = 20% and magnesium hydroxide (brucite), the amount of water vapor released during the decomposition of the flame-retardant filler should be at least ~250 mL/g with a coke residue ~32%. A developed algorithm for calculating compositions and generalized parameters for the creation of DFPCMs having a predetermined type of disperse structure and high resistance to burning is presented.
Biocomposite materials based on polyethylene and amphiphilic polymer-iron metal complex
Authors: Vasilyev I. Yu.
Published: May 2023

Objectives. To obtain and study the properties including degradability of polymer composite materials (PCM) based on low-density polyethylene (LDPE) obtained by introducing an environmentally friendly additive comprising an oxo-decomposing additive (ODA) based on an amphiphilic polymer-iron metal complex, which accelerates the process of polymer degradation.

Methods. PCMs based on LDPE and ODA were produced by processing in laboratory extruders in the form of strands, granules, and films. Thermodynamic properties were determined by differential scanning calorimetry in the temperature range 20-130 °C. In order to assess the performance characteristics (physical and mechanical properties) of the PCM, tensile strength and elongation at break were determined. The biodegradability of PCM was evaluated by Sturm's method, with the biodegradation index being determined by the amount of CO2 gas released as a result of microorganism activity, as well as composting by placing the PCMs for six months in biohumus. Changes in physical and mechanical properties and water absorption of the films during storage were evaluated. The photochemical degradability of the PCM was determined by exposing it to ultraviolet radiation for 100 h (equivalent to approximately one year of exposure of the films under natural conditions). The appearance of the composite samples following removal from the biohumus was determined using an optical microscope with ×50 magnification in transmitted and reflected light.

Results. Following biodegradation by composting, the physical and mechanical properties of PCMs decrease by an average of 40.6%. This is related to the structural changes that occur in composites during storage in biohumus, i.e., the formation of a looser structure due to the development of large clusters of microorganisms that affect the formation of microcracks. It leads to the stage of fragmentation of the polyethylene matrix and indicates the progress of biological degradation of composites. In this case, the water absorption of the composite samples was 63% after 96 h of exposure. The biodegradability index determined by the Sturm method after 28 days of bubbling had changed by 82%, indicating an intensive biodegradation process. Exposure to ultraviolet radiation for 96 h resulted in the complete destruction of the PCMs, which turned into small “flakes.” This method is the most effective for the degradation of LDPE- and ODA-based PCMs.

Conclusions. According to the results of the study of ODA-containing PCMs based on an amphiphilic polymer-iron metal complex, the tested filler-modifier can be recommended for the production of PCMs offering an accelerated degradation period.
Analysis of nanoparticles and nanomaterials using X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy
Authors: Ischenko A. A. , Lazov M. A. , Mironova E. V. , Putin A. Yu. , Ionov A. M. , Storozhenko P. A.
Published: May 2023

Objectives. The main aim of this review is to summarize the existing knowledge on the use of X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) for the characterization of nanoparticles and nanomaterials.

Results. XPS or electron spectroscopy for chemical analysis can provide information on the qualitative and quantitative composition, valence states of the elements of the samples under study, the chemical composition of the surface and interfaces that determine the properties of nanoparticles and nanostructured materials. The review describes the role of several different methods for the characterization of nanomaterials, highlights their advantages and limitations, and the possibilities of an effective combination. The main characteristics of XPS are described. Various examples of its use for the analysis of nanoparticles and nanomaterials are given in conjunction with additional methods to obtain complementary information about the object under study.

Conclusions. XPS provides depth information comparable to the size of nanoparticles (up to 10 nm depth from the surface) and does not cause significant damage to the samples. Two disadvantages of XPS analysis are sample preparation requiring a dry solid form without contaminations and data interpretation. XPS provides information not only on the chemical identity, but also on the dielectric properties of nanomaterials, recording their charging/discharging behavior. Chemical information from the surface of nanoparticles analyzed by XPS can be used to estimate the thickness of nanoparticle coatings. XPS has a high selectivity, since the resolution of the method makes it possible to distinguish a characteristic set of lines in the photoelectron spectrum at kinetic energies determined by the photon energy and the corresponding binding energies in elements. The intensity of the lines depends on the concentration of the respective element. Obtaining a sufficiently complete picture of the properties of nanomaterials requires the use of a group of complementary instrumental methods of analysis.
Application of diabatic extractive distillation schemes with preliminary separation of azeotropic components for separation of acetone-toluene-n-butanol mixture
Authors: Klauzner P. S. , Rudakov D. G. , Anokhina E. A. , Timoshenko A. V.
Published: May 2023

Objectives. The study aims to investigate the effectiveness of the use of various options for organizing the process of diabatic distillation in the separation of a mixture of acetone-toluene-n-butanol by extractive distillation using dimethylformamide as an entrainer in a scheme with preliminary separation of azeotropic components.

Methods. As the main research method, mathematical modeling in the Aspen Plus V. 12 software package was used. As a model for describing vapor-liquid equilibrium, the local composition Non-Random Two Liquid equation model was used. Parametric optimization of diabatic schemes was carried out according to the criterion of reduced energy costs.

Results. Based on the scheme for extractive distillation of an acetone-toluene-n-butanol mixture with preliminary separation of azeotropic components, five options for organizing diabatic distillation schemes were considered, both with and without use of a compressor to reach a required flows temperature.

Conclusion. It is shown that the use of diabatic schemes in the extractive distillation of a acetone-toluene-n-butanol mixture with dimethylformamide makes it possible to diminish the reduced energy costs by 8.9-43.5%. Meanwhile the maximum reduction in energy consumption is achieved in a scheme where upper vapor flows of two other columns are used to heat the azeotropic components separating column.
Quantum chemical research of the molecular structure of 3,4-dicyanofuroxan
Authors: Kolesnikova I. N. , Lobanov N. V. , Lobanov V. N. , Shishkov I. F.
Published: May 2023

Objectives. The study set out to determine the equilibrium parameters of the 3,4-dicyanofuroxan molecule by means of molecule geometry optimization by quantum chemistry methods, verify the adequacy of the methods used, and compare the obtained results with X-ray diffraction analysis (XRD) and gas electron diffraction (GED) data.

Methods. Quantum chemical calculations were carried out using B3LYP, MP2, and CCSD(T) methods with 6-31G(d,p), cc-pVTZ, and aug-cc-pVTZ basis sets.

Results. The equilibrium molecular structure of 3,4-dicyanofuroxan was refined by means of quantum chemical calculations using the Gaussian09 program. The geometrical parameters were compared with the structure of this compound in the solid phase and a number of related compounds in gas and solid phases. It was theoretically established that the planar equilibrium structure of the dicyanofuroxan molecule has CS symmetry. The structure of the free dicyanofuroxan molecule was found to differ depending on the phase. The B3LYP and CCSD(T) methods describe the molecular structure of dicyanofuroxan more accurately than the MP2 method. A regularity was revealed, according to which an increase in the basis, as a rule, leads to a better agreement of the geometry, regardless of the functional.

Conclusions. The calculations performed are in good agreement with the literature data and results of joint analysis by GED and XRD. The effect of cyano substituents on the ring geometry is observed in comparison with the literature data for the dicyanofuroxan molecule. For the molecule in question, it is better to use the B3LYP/aug-cc-pVTZ method. The values of geometric parameters obtained by this method are in better agreement with the structure in the gas phase. The discrepancies with the experimental XRD results may be due to interactions in the crystal structure. Differences in the geometric parameters obtained on the basis of different functionals and bases make this molecule interesting for experimental structural studies using GED or microwave spectroscopy, which will permit the identification of optimal methods and bases for obtaining the geometric parameters of furoxan class molecules.