bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Network Analysis for A Community Based School- and Family-Based Obesity Prevention Program
Authors: Brauer Katharina , Wulff Hagen , Pawellek Sabine , Ziegeldorf Alexandra
Published: February 2022

Background Rising childhood obesity with its derimental health consequences is a multifactorial phenomenon and poses a challenge to the health care system. To tackle its complexity, community-based interventions with focus on the involvement of different settings and stakeholders are emerging as promising so far. The project 'Familie+ - Gesundes Zusammenleben in Familie und Schule’ (‘Family+ - Living healthily together in family and school‘) is a community-based intervention aiming to prevent obesity among primar school children in three German municipalities and is based on a multi-setting and participatory approach. This study applies network analysis to examine network relations between stakeholders potentially relevant to the project in two rural and one urban model region in Germany.MethodsTelephone surveys were conducted to assess several key variables including frequency of contact and intensity of collaboration. Community health promotion was established differently in all three model regions at the time of the survey. Process characteristics such as density, centrality, and connectedness were analyzed using UCINET 6.0 software and graphical representations of the networks were created using NetDraw. ResultsThe networks were mainly characterized by their different sizes as well as different distribution of network partners in terms of their subject matter and structure. Network partners interact with each other mostly on a quarterly basis and in the context of informal collaboration. ConclusionsBased on the results of the network analysis, it appears to be useful to initialize a community health facilitator provided with necessary resources and training at the health policy level in community health promotion projects, irrespective of the rural or urban structure of the region. The participatory involvement of relevant actors initiated by the facilitator can have a positive influence on the effective dissemination of information and networking with other stakeholders.
Salbutamol for analgesia in renal colic: A prospective, randomised, placebo-controlled Phase II trial (SARC)
Authors: Johnson Graham , Tabner Andrew , Fakis Apostolos , Sherman Rachelle , Chester Victoria , Jackson Richard , Ratan Hari , Bedford Liz , Mason Suzanne
Published: February 2022

Background: Renal colic is the pain experienced by a patient when a renal calculus (kidney stone) causes partial or complete obstruction of part of the renal outflow tract. The standard analgesic regimes for renal colic are often ineffective; in some studies less than half of patients achieve complete pain relief and a large proportion of patients require rescue analgesia within four hours. Current analgesic regimes are also associated with significant side effects including nausea, vomiting, drowsiness and respiratory depression. It has been hypothesised that beta adrenoreceptor agonists, such as Salbutamol, may reduce the pain of renal colic. They have been shown to impact on a number of factors that target the physiological causes of pain in renal colic (ureteric spasm and increased peristalsis, increased pressure at the renal pelvis and prostaglandin release with inflammation). There is biological plausibility and a body of evidence sufficient to suggest that this novel treatment for the pain of renal colic should be taken to a phase II clinical trial. The aim of this trial is to test whether salbutamol is an efficacious analgesic adjunct when added to the standard analgesic regime for patients presenting to the ED with subsequently confirmed renal colic.Methods: A Phase II, randomised, placebo-controlled trial will be performed in an acute NHS Trust in the East Midlands. Patients presenting to the Emergency Department with a pain requiring IV analgesia and working diagnosis of renal colic will be randomised to receive standard analgesia +/- a single intravenous injection of Salbutamol. Secondary study objectives will explore the feasibility of conducting a larger, Phase III trial. Discussion: The trial will provide important information about the efficacy of salbutamol as an analgesic adjunct in renal colic. It will also guide the development of a definitive phase III trial to test the cost and clinical effectiveness of salbutamol as an analgesic adjunct in renal colic. Salbutamol benefits from widespread use across the health service for multiple indications, extensive staff familiarity and a good side effect profile therefore its potential use for pain relief may have significant benefits for patient care. Trial registration: The trial was registered on 22nd July 2019 - ISRCTN14552440
Molecular Dynamics Study of Lithium Intercalation into -OH Functionalized Carbon Nanotube Bundle
Authors: Zheng Bin , Dong Huaze , Zhu Jinmiao , Wang Yanping
Published: February 2022

The influence of hydroxyl group (-OH) on carbon nanotube (CNT) interacting with lithium ions have been investigated via ab initio molecular dynamic (MD) simulations. Compared with the pure CNT, a higher efficiency has been observed for lithium ions intercalating into CNT-OH bundle. At lower lithium ions density and CNT bundle density, CNT-OH exhibits a higher intercalation efficiency than the pristine and ammonium functionalized CNTs. As the increasing of lithium ions densities and CNT bundle densities, lithium ions tend to intercalate into the interlayer between CNT-OH tubes instead of the interior of CNT-OH tubes. We also observe the destruction of hydroxyl groups during the intercalation of lithium ions into interlayer of CNT-OH bundle. It is therefore suggested that eliminating the intercalation of lithium ions into interlayer between tubes is important for the design of lithium ion batteries.
Combinatorial logic devices based on a multi-path active ring circuit
Authors: Khitun Alexander , Balinskiy Michael
Published: February 2022

In this work, we describe a logic device in which an act of computation is associated with finding a path connecting input and output ports. The device is based on an active ring circuit comprising electric and magnetic parts. The electric part includes an amplifier, a phase shifter, and an attenuator. The magnetic part is a multi-port magnetic matrix comprising delay lines and frequency filters. Signals propagating on different paths may accumulate different phase shifts. Auto-oscillations occur in the circuit when the magnetic and electric parts match each other to meet the resonance amplitude and phase conditions. The system naturally searches for a resonance path that depends on the position of the electric phase shifter and amplification level. The path is detected by the set of power sensors. The proposed logic device can be used for solving a variety of computational problems. We present the results of numerical modeling illustrating prime factorization and finding the shortest path connected selected points on the mesh. We also present experimental data on the proof-of-the-concept experiment for the two-path device. The magnetic part consists of two waveguides made of single-crystal yttrium iron garnet Y3Fe2(FeO4)3 (YIG) films. Different phase shifts per delay line are achieved by adjusting the magnitude and direction of the bias magnetic field. The auto-oscillation signal changes the propagation path in the magnetic matrix depending on the position of the outer electric phase shifter. The power difference between the active and passive paths exceeds 40 dBm at room temperature. The described logic devices are robust, deterministic, and operate at room temperature. The number of possible paths increases factorial with the size of the mesh. It may be possible to encode information in paths and retrieve it using the external phase shifters and attenuators. Potentially, combinatorial logic devices may compete with quantum computers in functional throughput. Physical limits and constraints are also discussed.
Discovery a novel hybrid with resveratrol and hans ester derivatives as activators induce autophagic cell death in tumoral NCI-H460 cells through production of ROS
Authors: Du yuting , Wang Hong-Liang , zhao San-Hu , zhang Xiao-Juan
Published: February 2022

Based on the integrated fragment-based drug design, synthesis, and in vivo evaluations, a series of novel resveratrol and hans ester (ReHa) derivatives are discovered as autophagic death inducer. Compound ReHa-2 is the most potent inducer with IC50 values as low as 9.9 mM compare with the molecule (NIP) in autophagic cell death. Compound ReHa-2 lead to autophagic cells death instead of necrosis or apoptosis in human NCI-H460 cells. Mechanistic study uncovers that ReHa-2 is capable of increasing protein LC3-II (a marker of autophagy) and reducing p62 in a time- and dose-dependent manner. Furthermore, ReHa-2 can activate MAPKs and Akt signal pathway. In addition, we identified that ReHa-2 triggered more ROS generation compare with NIP in NCI-H460 cells. Noticeably, the cytotoxicity induced by ReHa-2 against NCI-H460 cells can be significantly revised by pretreatment of the cells with the CAT (a specific scavenger of H2O2) and DTT (a sulfhydrylcontaining nucleophile for quenching ROS), suggesting that the ROS (mainly including H2O2) induced by ReHa-2 is responsible for its cytotoxicity against NCI-H460 cells. Our results suggest that ReHa-2 displays potent activators by inducing autophagic cell death through production of ROS.
Iron Isotopes Constrain Sub-Seafloor Hydrothermal Processes at the TAG Active Sulfide Mound, 26°N Mid-Atlantic Ridge
Authors: Sahlström Fredrik , Troll Valentin , Palinkaš Sabina Strmić , Kooijman Ellen , Zheng Xin-Yuan
Published: February 2022

Sub-seafloor hydrothermal processes along volcanically active plate boundaries are integral to the formation of seafloor massive sulfide (SMS) deposits and to oceanic Fe cycling, yet their nature is poorly understood. Here we apply Fe isotope analysis to sulfides from the TAG mound and underlying stockwork, 26°N Mid-Atlantic Ridge, to trace hydrothermal processes inside an actively-forming SMS deposit in a sediment-free mid-ocean ridge setting. We show that data for recently formed chalcopyrite imply fluid–mound interactions cause small negative shifts (< -0.1‰) to the δ56Fe signature of dissolved Fe released from TAG into the North Atlantic Ocean. Texturally resolved pyrite, in turn, preserves a δ56Fe range from − 1.27 to + 0.56‰ that reflects contrasting modes of formation (fluid–seawater mixing vs. fluid conductive cooling) and variable degrees of progressive hydrothermal maturation during the > 20 kyr evolution of the TAG complex. The identified processes may explain Fe isotope variations found in fossil onshore sulfide deposits.
COVID-19 Associated Rhino-Orbito-Cerebral Mucormycosis : A Single Tertiary Care Center Experience of Imaging Findings in COVID-19 Associated Mucormycosis with A Special Focus on the Intracranial Manifestations of Mucormycosis.
Authors: Nair Megha Gireesan , Susheelkumar Shilpa Sankhe , M Gayatri Autkar
Published: February 2022

Context: The current COVID-19 pandemic and mucormycosis epidemic in India has made research on radiological findings of COVID-19 associated mucormycosis imperative.Aim: To describe the imaging findings in COVID-19 associated mucormycosis with a special focus on the intracranial manifestations.Materials and methods: MRI scans of all patients with laboratory proven mucormycosis and post COVID-19 status, over a period of two months, at an Indian Tertiary Care Referral Centre, were retrospectively reviewed and descriptive statistical analysis was carried out.Results: 58 patients (47 men and 11 women) were evaluated. Deranged blood glucose levels were observed in 81% of cases. Intracranial invasion was detected in 31 patients (53.4%). The most common finding in cases with intracranial invasion was pachymeningeal enhancement (90.3% i.e., 28/31). This was followed by infarcts (17/31 i.e., 55%), cavernous sinus thrombosis (11/58 i.e., 18.9%), fungal abscesses (11/31 i.e., 35.4%), and intracranial hemorrhage (5/31 i.e., 16.1% cases). Perineural spread was observed in 21.6% (11/51) cases.Orbital findings included extraconal fat and muscle involvement, intraconal involvement, orbital apicitis, optic neuritis, panophthalmitis, and orbital abscess formation in decreasing order of frequency. Cohen’s kappa coefficient of inter-rater reliability for optic nerve involvement and cavernous sinus thrombosis was 0.7. Cohen’s coefficient value for all other findings was 0.8-0.9.Conclusions: COVID-19 associated Rhinocerebral mucormycosis has a plethora of orbital and intracranial manifestations. MRI, with its superior soft-tissue resolution, is the imaging modality of choice to expedite the initial diagnosis, accurately map out disease extent, and for prompt identification and scrupulous management of its complications.
Relationship Between Workplace Bullying, Spirituality And Job Burnout In Pediatric Nurses: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Fan Ying , Cao Mi , Zhou Yumei , Duan Peng , Xing Limin
Published: February 2022

Background: Workplace bullying threatens public health as a serious social problem globally. The nursing field is one of the hardest hit areas where bullying is breeding. The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationships and pathways between workplace bullying, workplace spirituality and job burnout in Chinese pediatric nurses. Methods: The sample of this cross-sectional study consists of 402 pediatric nurses who worked at six hospitals in Hubei Province, China. The data were collected using a sociodemographic data questionnaire, Negative Acts Questionnaire-Revised, Maslach Burnout Inventory-General Survey and Workplace Spirituality Scale. The model was tested using path analysis techniques within structural equation modeling.Result: The research data supported the proposed model. Workplace bullying had positive and direct effects on the burnout of pediatric nurses. Workplace spirituality partially mediated the relationship between workplace bullying and burnout.Conclusions: Workplace spirituality plays an important role in correctly recognizing and evaluating work stressors. Workplace spirituality may reduce the incidence of bullying and burnout in pediatric nurses. Nursing managers should first acknowledge the existence of workplace bullying. Next, they need to consider and cultivate the workplace spirituality of pediatric nurses, with the aim of creating a healthy working environment and ensuring the stability of the nursing team.
Quantitative Analysis of Retained Austenite in Nb Added Fe-based Alloy
Authors: Ko Kwang Kyu , Jang Jin Ho , Tiwari Saurabh , Bae Hyo Ju , Sung Hyo Kyung , Kim Jung Gi , Seol Jae Bok
Published: February 2022

Use of Pipe lines for long-distance transportation of crude oil, natural gas etc., increasing and have pivotal importance in recent times. To improve transport efficiency through increased pressure and improved laying efficiency through reduced diameter and weight of line pipes, high specific strength plays a crucial role. TRIP-based high-strength and high-ductility alloys comprise a mixture of ferrite, bainite, and retained austenite that provide excellent mechanical properties such as dimensional stability, fatigue strength, and impact toughness. In this study, microstructure analysis performs using both Nital etching and LePera etching methods. At the time of Nital etching, it is difficult to distinctly observe second phase. However, using LePera etching conditions it is possible to distinctly measure M / A phase and ferrite matrix. The fraction measurement was done using OM and SEM images which gives similar results for the average volume fraction. Although it is possible to distinguish the M / A phase from the SEM image of the sample subjected to LePera etching, but using Nital etching it is impossible. Nital etching is good at specific phase analysis than LePera etching through the SEM images.
Are Hyperlipidemia and Lipid-Lowering Drugs Risk Factors for Diabetic Peripheral Neuropathy?
Authors: Chang Kuo-Cheng , Pai Yen-Wei , Lin Ching-Heng , Lee I-Te , Chang Ming-Hong
Published: February 2022

Aims
Previous studies showed conflicting relationship between hyperlipidemia, lipid-lowering therapy and diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN). As most of these works emerges from the Western and Australian countries, our study aims to investigate whether hyperlipidemia or lipid-lowering drugs is associated with the risk of DPN in Taiwanese patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D).
Methods
A cross-sectional, hospital-based observation study in adults with T2D was conducted from January to October 2013. DPN was screened using the Michigan Neuropathy Screening Instrument. Diagnosis of hyperlipidemia was based on serum levels of lipid profiles. Patients taking lipid-lowering drugs were identified at enrollment.
Results
2,448 participants were enrolled, 524 (21.4%) of whom had DPN. Patients with DPN had lower plasma total cholesterol (TC; 185.6 ± 38.6mg/dL vs 193.4 ± 42.3mg/dL, P < 0.001) and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels (LDL-C; 114.6 ± 32.7mg/dL vs 119 ± 30.8mg/dL, P = 0.019). Multivariate analysis demonstrated that neither hyperlipidemia nor lipid-lowering drugs was associated with a risk of DPN. Subgroup analysis revealed that high TC, LDL-C, and statin or fibrate use were not associated with DPN occurrence.
Conclusion
Our results suggests that neither hyperlipidemia nor lipid-lowering medication was associated with DPN in adults with T2D. DPN is a multifactorial disease, and our findings indicate that lipid metabolism may play a minor role in its pathogenesis.
Risk Factors for Recurrence in Elderly Patients with Stage II Colorectal Cancer: A Multicenter Retrospective Study
Authors: Yagyu Takuki , Yamamoto Manabu , Tanio Akimitsu , Hara Kazushi , Sugezawa Ken , Uejima Chihiro , Kihara Kyoichi , Tatebe Shigeru , Kurisu Yasuro , Shibata Shunsuke , Yamamoto Toshio , Nishie Hiroshi , Shiota Setsujo , Saito Hiroaki , Naka Takuji , Sugamura Kenji , Katano Kuniyuki , Fujiwara Yoshiyuki
Published: February 2022

BackgroundAdjuvant chemotherapy for stageII colorectal cancer (CRC)is considered appropriate for patients with risk factorsfor recurrence, rather than for all patients uniformly. However, the risk factors for recurrence remain controversial, and there is limited information, especially for elderly patients.The Geriatric Nutritional Risk Index (GNRI) is widely used as a simple nutritional screening tool in the elderly and is associated with cancer prognosis and recurrence. This study aimed to investigate the risk factors for recurrence in the elderly with stageII CRC, focusing on the GNRI.MethodsWe enrolled 348elderly patients (≥ 75 years) with stageII CRC who underwent curative resection at the Department of Surgery, Tottori University and our 10 affiliated institutions.The patients were divided into GNRIhigh (≥93.465) and GNRIlow (<93.465) groups.ResultsThe GNRIlow group showed a significantly worse overall survival (OS), cancer-specific survival (CSS), and relapse-free survival (RFS) (P<0.001, P<0.001, and P<0.001, respectively).In a multivariate analysis, GNRIlow (hazard ratio [HR]:2.543, P<0.001), pathologic T4 stage (HR:2.380, P=0.001), and moderate to severe lymphatic or venous invasion (HR:2.194, P=0.001) were independent factors affecting RFS. By using these three factors to score the risk of recurrence from 0 to 3 points, the prognosis was significantly stratified in terms of OS, CSS, and RFS (P<0.001, P<0.001, and P<0.001, respectively). The recurrence rate for each score was as follows: 0 points,9.8%; 1 point, 22.0%; 2 points, 37.3%; and 3 points,61.9%.ConclusionsGNRIlow, pathologic T4 stage, and moderate to severe lymphatic or venous invasion are high-risk factors for recurrence in the elderly with stageII CRC. The scoring system using these three factors appropriately predicted their recurrence and outcome.
Surveillance of SARS-CoV-2 in the environment and animal samples of the Huanan Seafood Market
Authors: Gao George , Liu William , Liu Peipei , Lei Wenwen , Jia Zhiyuan , He Xiaozhou , Liu Lin-Lin , Shi Weifeng , Tan Yun , Zou Shumei , Zhao Xiang , Wong Gary , Wang Ji , Wang Feng , Wang Gang , Qin Kun , Gao Rongbao , Zhang Jie , Li Min , Xiao Wenling , Guo Yuanyuan , Xu Ziqian , Zhao Yingze , Song Jingdong , Zhang JIng , Zhen Wei , Zhou Wenting , Ye Beiwei , Song Juan , Yang Mengjie , Zhou Weimin , Bi Yuhai , Cai Kun , Wang Dayan , Tan Wenjie , Han Jun , Xu Wenbo , Wu Guizhen
Published: February 2022

Emerging in December 2019, coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) eventually became a pandemic and has posed a tremendous threat to global public health. However, the origins of SARS-CoV-2, the causative agent of COVID-19, remain to be determined. It has reported that a certain number of the early case clusters had a contact history with Huanan Seafood Market. Therefore, surveillance of SARS-CoV-2 within the market is of vital importance. Herein, we presented the SARS-CoV-2 detection results of 1380 samples collected from the environment and the animals within the market in early 2020. By SARS-CoV-2-specific RT-qPCR, 73 environmental samples tested positive for SARS-CoV-2 and three live viruses were successfully isolated. The viruses from the market shared nucleotide identity of 99.980% to 99.993% with the human isolate HCoV/Wuhan/IVDC-HB-01. In contrast, no virus was detected in the animal swabs covering 18 species of animals in the market. The SARS-COV-2 nucleic acids in the positive environmental samples showed significant correlation of abundance of Homo sapiens with SARS-CoV-2. In summary, this study provided convincing evidence of the prevalence of SARS-CoV-2 in the Huanan Seafood Market during the early stage of COVID-19 outbreak.
Immunological Characteristics of MAV/06 strain of Varicella-Zoster Virus Vaccine in an Animal model
Authors: Shin Duckhyang , Shin Younchul , Kim Eunmi , Nam Hyojung , Nan Haiyan , Lee Jaewoo
Published: February 2022

Background: Varicella-zoster virus (VZV) is a pathogen that causes chickenpox and shingles in humans. Different types of the varicella vaccines derived from the Oka and MAV/06 strains are commercially available worldwide. Although the MAV/06 vaccine was introduced in 1990s, little was known about immunological characteristics. Results: Here, we evaluated B and T cell immune response in animals inoculated with the Oka and MAV/06 vaccines as well as a new formulation of the MAV/06 vaccine. A variety of test methods were applied to evaluate T and B cell immune response. Plaque reduction neutralization test (PRNT) and fluorescent antibody to membrane antigen (FAMA) assay were conducted to measure the MAV/06 vaccine-induced antibody activity against various VZVs. Glycoprotein enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (gpELISA) was used to compare the degree of the antibody responses induced by the two available commercial VZV vaccines and the MAV/06 vaccine. Interferon-gamma enzyme-linked immunosorbent spot (IFN-γ ELISpot) assays and cytokine bead array (CBA) assays were conducted to investigate T cell immune responses. Antibodies induced by MAV/06 vaccination showed immunogenicity against a variety of varicella-zoster virus and cross-reactivity among the virus clades. Conclusions: It is indicating the similarity of the antibody responses induced by commercial varicella vaccines and the MAV/06 vaccine. Moreover, VZV-specific T cell immune response from MAV/06 vaccination was increased via Th1 cell response. MAV/06 varicella vaccine induced both humoral and cellular immune response via Th1 cell mediated response.
Identification of molecular pathways and prognostic biomarkers with survival analysis associated with UV-mediated skin cancer by bioinformatics approaches
Authors: Rahman Md Habibur , Hossain Arju , Ahsan Asif , Hasan Imran , Sohel Md , Khan Arif , Miah Md Sipon
Published: February 2022

Skin cancer (SC) referred to as cutaneous carcinoma is a serious public health concern on a global scale particularly for those with fair skin. Ultraviolet (UV) radiation causes skin cancer, but the exact mechanism by which occurs and the most effective methods of intervention to prevent it are yet unknown. Using bioinformatic approaches several biomarkers have been identified to determine the severity of skin cancer. This study will use bioinformatics and pharmacology approaches to discover potential biomarkers of SC for early diagnosis, prevention of disease, and therapeutic target identification.
This study compared gene expression and protein levels in UV-mediated cultured keratinocytes and adjacent normal skin tissue using RNA sequencing data from the NCBI-GEO database. Then we employed GO and signalling pathway database, selection of hub genes from protein-protein interaction (PPI) network, survival and expression profile, and gene regulatory network analysis to screen potential clinical biomarkers.
In the study, we identified 32 shared differentially expressed genes (DEGs) including 19 upregulated genes and 13 downregulated genes by analyzing three different subsets of the GSE85443 dataset. Skin cancer development is related to control of several DEGs through cyclin-dependent protein serine/threonine kinase activity, cell cycle regulation and activation of the NIMA kinase pathways. The cytohubba plugin in Cytoscape identified twelve hub genes from PPI; among these three DEGs namely, AURKA, CDK4, and PLK1 were shown to be significantly associated with survival (p $<$ 0.05) and highly expressed in SC tissues. Transcriptional, post-transcriptional, and protein-chemical also indicates the hub genes bound to several molecules.

Further investigation and clinical experiments will be needed to evaluate the expression of these identified biomarkers regarding the prognosis of SC patients.
Association of metabolic syndrome with TyG index and TyG-related parameters in an urban Chinese population: a 15-year prospective study
Authors: Zhang Xin , Jia Shanshan , zhang zhipeng , ye runyu , yang xiangyu , chen xiaoping
Published: February 2022

Background: The metabolic syndrome(Mets) is a multiplex risk factor for atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases．The aims of the study were to assess the association of the Mets with TyG index and TyG-related parameters in an urban Chinese population.Methods and Results: The data were collected in 1992 and then again in 2007 from the same group of 590 individuals (363 males and 227 females ) without Mets in 1992. During 15 years’ follow-up, TyG-waist to height ratio (TyG-WHtR) shows the largest AUC for MS detection (0.686) followed by TyG-waist circumference (TyG-WC) (0.660), TyG-waist-to-hip ratio (TyG-WHpR) (0.564), and TyG index (0.556) in all participants. Gender analysis revealed that TyG-WHtR and TyG-WC have the largest AUC in both genders. TyG-WHtR significantly predicted Mets in all participants, with an unadjusted odds ratio of 5.63 (95% CI: 3.23-9.83 P＜0.001). Associations remained significant after adjustment for smoking, drinking, physical exercise and components of Mets. Conclusions: TyG-WHtR might be a strong and independent predictor for Mets in all participants in an urban Chinese population. TyG-related markers that combine obesity markers with TyG index are superior to other parameters in identifying Mets in both genders.
Enhanced Structural, Optical, And Photocatalytic Activities Of Cuo/Tio2:Zro2 Catalysts For Degrading Methyl Orange (MO) Dye Under UV–Visible Irradiation.
Authors: BENSOUYAD Hanene , Bensaha Rabah
Published: February 2022

On latest years, an emergency requirement for clean methods to improvement of environment worth has attracted attention in several researches’ fields. The use of films on photocatalysis process is one of the most interesting alternatives due to its easily on separation of residual water and recovery of photocatalyst. In this study, CuO/TiO2:ZrO2 catalysts with various molar ratios of CuO were synthesized by sol-gel dip-coating process. The dip-coated thin films have been examined at different annealing temperatures 500, 800 and 1000 °C. The crystalline structures, morphology, constituent contents, optical and photocatalytic properties of the as-prepared catalysts were analyzed by X–ray diffraction (XRD), Raman spectroscopy, FT-IR spectra, UV-VIS, Photoluminescence spectroscopy (PL) techniques. X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Raman results indicated that an increase in annealing temperature from 500°C to 1000°C caused a transformation of crystallinity from anatase and brookite at 500°C to rutile and monoclinic CuO phases at 1000°C, accompanied by an increase in the particle sizes. The optical transmittance of the films, increased to over 90% in the visible region, indicate that copper loading decreases the band gap from 3.53 to 3.39eV. The PL experiments revealed that the recombination of photoinduced electrons and holes is hindered by copper adding effectively, which is favorable for photocatalytic performance. 5%CuO/TiO2:ZrO2 exhibits the highest photocatalytic activity and the degradation degree of methyl orange (MO) reaches more than 99% after 3h. Photocatalytic experiments confirmed that our catalysts displayed highly efficient and durable activity for the photodegradation of methyl orange under visible light.
Noise self-cancelling metrology using twisted light
Authors: Munjal Pooja , Chaudhary Komal , Singh Kamal
Published: February 2022

Noise fundamentally limits the ultimate optical precision. Here, we unveil a real-time noise self-cancelling metrology by exploiting the unique spiral phase of light possessing orbital angular momentum (OAM). With a compact twisted interferometer and a novel measurement scheme exploiting an ensemble of N phase-orthogonal single-pixel intensity pairs on petals of the daisy flower-like interference pattern, we cancel various noises (intensity noise, interferometer noise, and detector noise) by three orders of magnitude, enabling detection of a weak input signal, in excellent agreement with our theoretical analysis. Remarkably, our approach allows detection of an aperiodic, non-repetitive dynamic event masked by 100x larger noise background faithfully with picoscale resolution, which is otherwise undetectable. Because no upper limit on the quantum numbers of OAM state exists, in principle, the noise cancellation scales up indefinitely. These results open promising ways to enhance precision metrology, secure communication, and develop analogous ideas for twisted acoustic waves, electron beams, and matter waves.
Multi-satellite Online scheduling Method Based on Proximal Policy
Authors: Li Xuefei , Chen Jia , Cai Xiantao , Cui Ningbo , Wan Shaohua
Published: February 2022

Under the background of the rapid development of network communication and satellite technology, multi-satellite online scheduling has brought many problems such as high labour costs, slow response speed, low task execution efficiency and low solution efficiency. How to effectively develop a real-time satellite scheduling scheme that can maximize the scheduling revenue is an important issue. In this paper, the multi-satellite online scheduling process is regarded as a Markov sequential decision process. When the task arrives, the scheduling decision can be made according to the current scheduling situation and the task information. Since the number and resources of satellites are fixed, but the information of the task itself such as the number of available time windows are unpredictable, this problem can be proved as an NP-Hard problem. There is no specific effective solution yet. As reinforcement learning algorithm has achieved good application results in decision-making optimization problems such as optimization decision, automatic control and production line scheduling, it is feasible to apply reinforcement learning method to multi-satellite online scheduling. Therefore, this paper studies the multi-satellite scheduling method based on reinforcement learning. This paper analyses the Markov property of the basic scheduling process of the multi-satellite online scheduling problem and establishes the corresponding Markov decision pro-cess. Considering the influence of the periodic schedule in the online scheduling on the scheduling strategy of the algorithm-decision network, an improved multi-satellite online scheduling model is proposed. Finally, the model is trained by the proximal policy optimization algorithm (PPO), and by comparing the simulation results with the existing multi-satellite online scheduling model, we verified the validity of our model.
Primary Tumor Location and Survival Among Metastatic Colorectal Cancer Patients treated with systemic chemotherapy, and biologic therapies: Retrospective Analysis (2013-2016)
Authors: Ramadan Majed , Alfayea Turki , Alsofyani Abeer , Alzahrani Mohammed , Alyabsi Mesnad , Alhusseini Noara , Algarni Alanood
Published: February 2022

Purpose: In a sample of Middle Eastern population, we sought to evaluate whether survival outcomes for mCRC patients treated with systemic chemotherapy (SC) and, with and without biologic therapies (bevacizumab and cetuximab) are different between left and right-sided tumors. Methods: Ministry of National Guard- Health Affairs (MNG-HA) Cancer registry data was utilized to identify patients diagnosed with CRC between 2013 and 2016. Kaplan-Meier method and porosity score adjusted Cox proportional hazard models were used to assess survival for right and left-sided mCRC with and with BT. Results: A total of 196 mCRC patients with mean age of 64 years old, 57.65% male diagnosed from January 1, 2013, through December 31, 2016. The overall median survival for left-sided was significantly higher than right-sided mCRC tumors (P 0.03). mCRC patients treated with SC+BT were associated with decreased mortality only among patients with left-sided mCRC compared to right-sided mCRC (HR, 0.21; 95% CI, 0.05-0.92; P .03). mCRC with no primary-tumor resection and CS+TB left-sided mCRC was significantly associated with decreased mortality compared to right-sided mCRC (HR, 0.15; 95% CI, 0.03-0.72; P .02).Conclusions: In a sample of Middle Eastern population, a significant decrease in mortality for left-sided mCRC treated with SC plus BT compared with right-sided mCRC was observed. mCRC patients with unresectable metastases demonstrated survival benefit from left-sided SC plus BT treatment. Randomized controlled trials are needed to determine the optimal treatment for mCRC patients.
How a beetle catches fog
Authors: King Hunter , Shahrokhian Aida , Chan Fan Kiat , Feng Jiansheng , Gazzola Mattia
Published: February 2022

In the face of humanity's increasing problems of water insecurity, useful lessons in moisture management may be learned from organisms living in extreme climates. The Namib desert beetle uses its own body to extract water, in the form of fog, from the wind, and its dorsal features have inspired designs based on controlled wettability. Here, we revisit the beetle's physical adaptations from the fluid dynamics perspective of aerosol impaction. Coupled experiments and simulations show that subtle modulations in shape and texture create large gains in water harvesting performance by encouraging droplets to `slip' toward targets at the millimetric scale, and by disrupting boundary and lubrication layers effects at the microscopic scale. Our results offer a lesson in biological fog collection, and design principles for controlling particle separation in a variety of contexts.
Engineering Disulphide-Free Autonomous Antibody VH Domains to modulate intracellular pathways
Authors: Frosi Yuri , Lin Yen-Chu , Jiang Shimin , Ramlan Siti Radhiah , Hew Kelly Hew , Engman Alf Henrik , Pillai Anil , Cheng Yue Xiang , Cornvik Tobias , Nordlund Pär , Goh Megan , Lama Dilraj , Verma Chandra S , Thean Dawn Thean , Lane David P , Asial Ignacio , Brown Christopher
Published: February 2022

An attractive approach to target intracellular macromolecular interfaces is to design small high affinity proteins. In this manuscript a stable, autonomous, human derived non-immunogenic, disulphide-free VH domain, has been engineered for intracellular expression studies. VH domains can be designed to possess a large dynamic repertoire of binders, as opposed to other scaffolds types that are highly rigid and possess fewer sites of random variation. Picomolar inhibitors were identified using phage display against the eIF4F complex, which is commonly hyper-activated in many cancers. These molecules were also shown to impair cellular proliferation and to reduce the expression of malignancy related proteins. Structural characterization elucidated that these VH domains bound eIF4E at the eIF4G interaction interface via a novel binding pose. Molecules able to mimic this pose and interfere with the eIF4F complex are potentially important for wide-ranging tumour therapy applications.
Pendulum and gravimeter tests misled by remote man-made EM waves in solar eclipse days over years (false Allais effect)
Authors: Iovane Antonio
Published: February 2022

We report misleading effects of human-origin signals on very distant gravityexperiments in solar eclipse days. Despite Newton's well-established gravity,some research has been underway for some years on alleged gravitationalanomalies in the days of solar eclipses, as per still considered reports inmainstream peer-reviewed journals. In solar eclipse days some instruments,notably pendulums and gravimeters, had provided anomalies that wereinterpreted as unknown features of gravity. French physicist Maurice Allais iscredited with first reporting pendulum anomalies during a solar eclipse in 1954.NASA researchers also wanted to investigate the matter, also because they werelooking for an explanation for the so-called Pioneer anomaly (explained later),and promoted a worldwide test for the solar eclipse of August 11, 1999. We wererecruited for that experiment in July 1999 following our proposal for an innovativeexperiment. We have since conducted two experiments with stationarypendulums and recorded surprisingly structured anomalies which after years ofstudy proved unnatural. We report these tests with extensive control data, and alimited number of similar anomalies observed by others, some already publishedbut still not as unnatural. In summary we analyze: our stationary pendulum teston Aug 11 1999 in South Italy (unpublished); our stationary pendulum test onMay 31 2003 in South Italy (unpublished); a gravimeter test by University ofTrieste (Italy) on Aug 11 1999 (unpublished); a report from Reading (UK) for theAug 11 1999 eclipse (published); a report from Manavgat (Turkey) for the March29 2006 eclipse (published); a report from Kiev (Ukraine) for the Sept 11 2007eclipse (published). In the above experiments we found abnormal instrumentalbehaviors (sudden sharp micro-deviations) that obey a precise structure ofequally spaced time markers. The timing scheme was always the same in all ofthe above experiments. Subsequent research revealed that the scheme matchedthe one used by a very distant source of high-power, man-made, controlled radiosignals. We conclude that the measuring instruments tracked by chance acampaign of RF-based eclipse experiments over the years, not gravitationalphenomena. We report in more detail our two pendulum experiments and thegravimetric test of University of Trieste, spending fewer words on the other testsalready described in their respective articles.
Tobacco use among School-going Adolescents in Comoros: A Secondary Analysis of the 2015 Comoros Global Youth Tobacco Survey.
Authors: James Peter Bai , Kassim Said Abasse , Kabba John Alimamy , Kitchen Chenai
Published: February 2022

Background: Tobacco use among adolescents has long-term adverse health consequences, especially during adulthood. Currently, little is known about tobacco use behaviour among adolescents in Comoros. Our study aims to estimate the prevalence and identify key factors associated with tobacco use among adolescents in Comoros using the 2015 Comoros Global Youth Tobacco Survey data.Methods: A national cross-sectional survey secondary data of 2,810 eligible school-going adolescents aged between 11-17 years was analysed. Complex sample logistic regression analyses to determine the correlates of current cigarette smoking and current use of non-cigarette tobacco products.Results: The overall prevalence of current cigarette smoking was 14.3% [males (18.5%), females (9.9%)]. The prevalence of current use of non-cigarette tobacco products was 5.8% [males (6.7%), females (4.9%)]. Being male (AOR=2.24;95%CI:1.39-3.63), exposure to secondhand smoke inside (AOR=3.88;95%CI:2.84-5.31) and outside (AOR= 1.49; 95%CI: 1.08-2.03) their home and exposure to tobacco industry promotion (AOR=2.90; 95%CI:2.21-3.80) were associated with current cigarette use among school-going adolescents. However, parental smoke (AOR=1.20; 95%CI:0.78-1.87) and not exposed to anti-smoking education in schools (AOR= 0.97;95%CI:0.76-1.22) were not associated with current cigarette use. On the other hand, being male (AOR=1.24;95%CI:0.82-1.86) was not associated with the current use of noncigarette tobacco products. Adolescents who were exposed to tobacco industry promotion (AOR=.2.58;95%CI:1.54-4.32) and not exposed to anti-smoking education in school (AOR=0.52;95%CI:0.32-0.85) were more and less likely associated with non-cigarette tobacco use. Conclusion: One in seven school-going adolescents smoke cigarettes, and approximately one in 20 school-going adolescents use non-cigarette tobacco products in Comoros. Exposure to secondhand smoke within and outside the home and exposure to tobacco industry promotion were associated with tobacco use in school-going adolescents in Comoros. Our findings suggest the need for adolescent-friendly gender-sensitive tobacco interventions, including strengthening existing tobacco control laws to prevent and reduce tobacco use among school-going adolescents in Comoros.
Prediction of Productivity Costs Related to Cervical Cancer Mortality in Indonesia 2018
Authors:   Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia, Kristina Susi Ari , Endarti Dwi ,   Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia, Aditama Hardika ,   Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
Published: February 2022

Background: Cervical cancer is the second leading cause of death in Indonesia, causing a significant societal burden. This study aims to quantify the burden of cervical cancer in terms of years of life lost (YLL) and productivity cost to support the idea that cervical cancer has substantial economic implications. Methods: Using an epidemiological approach on the prevalence data of 2018, the productivity cost and YLL were estimated by calculating the number of cervical cancer deaths, life expectancy, annual earnings and employment participation rate. Cervical cancer mortality data were obtained from the Global Cancer Observatory (GLOBOCAN) 2018, life expectancy for Indonesia from the WHO Life Tables (2019), and the annual earnings and participation rate of Indonesia were retrieved from the National Statistics Bureau (2018). Results: In 2018, there were 17,253 deaths due to cervical cancer in Indonesia, resulting in 246,350 YLL with a total productivity cost of Indonesian Rupiah (IDR)23,174 trillion. The age group of 50 years old–64 years old experienced the greatest loss of earnings (IDR12,149 trillion), followed by the 35 years old–49 years old (IDR8,944 trillion) and 20 years old–34 years old (IDR8,944 trillion) age groups. Conclusion: The productivity impact of loss of earning due to cervical cancer mortality is significant. This information may assist decision makers in allocating scarce resources among competing priorities.
Revisiting Handwriting Fundamentals Through an Interdisciplinary Framework
Authors:   School of Educational Studies, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Pulau Pinang, Malaysia, Ann Lee Ann Lee , Lay Wah Lee ,   School of Educational Studies, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Pulau Pinang, Malaysia, Hui Min Low ,   School of Educational Studies, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Pulau Pinang, Malaysia, Siew Chen Ooi ,   Department of Occupational Therapy, Penang General Hospital, Pulau Pinang, Malaysia
Published: February 2022

Handwriting research lies mostly within discipline-specific boundaries, hindering knowledge transfer across disciplines into academic skills instruction in schools. This paper attempts to review the literature on handwriting across the occupational therapy and education disciplines to propose an interdisciplinary conceptual framework to guide research and intervention on handwriting in the Malay language. This cross-disciplinary review revealed four major factors that may influence Malay language handwriting: i) neuromotor development; ii) ergonomic; iii) orthographic and iv) cognitive factors. The sub-factors under these four major factors also are identified. Many of the neuromotor development and ergonomic factors are derived from the occupational therapy discipline, while the education discipline provides most of the information on orthographic and cognitive factors. As orthography influences handwriting, it is necessary to revisit handwriting from the perspective of languages other than English. In conclusion, an interdisciplinary framework of handwriting synthesised from this crossdisciplinary review will stimulate more coordinated and coherent research on handwriting. The Malay language serves as a future case study for research into orthographies in handwriting.
Comparison between the Transcutaneous and Total Serum Bilirubin Measurement in Malay Neonates with Neonatal Jaundice
Authors:   Department of Paediatrics, School of Medical Sciences Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian, Kelantan, Malaysia, Mohamed Mazrah , Nor Rosidah Nor Rosidah ,   Department of Paediatrics, School of Medical Sciences Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian, Kelantan, Malaysia,   Hospital Universiti Sains Malaysia, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian, Kelantan, Malaysia, Ramli Noraida ,   Department of Paediatrics, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian, Kelantan, Malaysia,   Hospital Universiti Sains Malaysia, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian, Kelantan, Malaysia, Abdul Majid Noorizan ,   Department of Paediatrics, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian, Kelantan, Malaysia,   Hospital Universiti Sains Malaysia, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian, Kelantan, Malaysia, Yacob Najib Majdi ,   Biostatistic and Research Methodology Unit, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian, Kelantan, Malaysia, Nasir Ariffin ,   Department of Paediatrics, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian, Kelantan, Malaysia,   Hospital Universiti Sains Malaysia, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian, Kelantan, Malaysia
Published: February 2022

Background: This study aims to investigate the reliability of the Dräger Jaundice Meter JM-105 for the screening of neonatal jaundice in Malay neonates. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in a university hospital involving 130 jaundiced neonates requiring serum bilirubin determination from day 2 to day 7 of life. Results: The mean total serum bilirubin (TSB) was 232 µmol/L, whereas the mean transcutaneous bilirubin (TcB) measured at the forehead and sternum were 222 µmol/L and 223 µmol/L, respectively. Further, TcB underestimates TSB with a mean difference of 10.10 µmol/L at the forehead and 9.27 µmol/L at the sternum. A positive linear relationship was observed between TSB with TcB forehead (r = 0.82) and TcB sternum (r = 0.80). A good discriminations ability was observed for both the TcB forehead (receiver operating characteristics [ROC] curve = 89.8%) and sternum (ROC curve = 89.7%) at a TSB level of 205 µmol/L. The sensitivity ranges from 84.4% to 85.3%, while the specificity ranges from 77.4% to 76.4%. Conclusion: Our study demonstrates a strong linear relationship and good diagnostic accuracy of TcB values compared to TSB values. To conclude, TcB measured at the forehead or sternum is a good alternative as a non-invasive screening tool for non-severe hyperbilirubinemia in Malay neonates.