bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A Novel Technology Stack for Automated Road Quality Assessment Framework using Deep Learning Techniques
Authors: Balasundaram Prabavathy , Pradeep Ganesh  , Pravinkrishnan K  , Rahul Kumar Mukesh
Published: June 2024

Road infrastructure plays a pivotal role in supporting societal, economic, and cultural progress. The capacity of a road refers to its ability to handle vehicular volume. Inadequate road capacity and the presence of defects like potholes and cracks result in suboptimal travel conditions and pose significant safety risks for drivers, cyclists, and pedestrians. The regular evaluation of these road quality aspects is essential for effective maintenance. However, current methods for assessing road capacity are time-consuming, subjective, and heavily reliant on manual labor. Moreover, existing deep learning-based approaches for detecting road defects often lack accuracy. To overcome these challenges, a fully automated and accurate system for evaluating road quality is imperative. Thus, the objective of this research work is to propose a novel technology stack for a comprehensive Automated Road Quality Assessment (ARQA) framework designed to assess road quality. The experimental findings demonstrate that the suggested vehicle detection and pothole detection methods work effectively and exhibit enhancements of 18% and 6%, respectively, in comparison to existing approaches.
The Effect of Individual Counseling on Assertive Training Techniques on Assertive Behavior Facing Student Bullying
Authors: Siregar Kiki Kusnita , Nur Arjani Nur Arjani
Published: June 2024

This research aims to determine the effect of individual counseling on assertive training techniques on assertive behavior in dealing with student bullying. The research method used in this research is a quantitative method quest eksperimen . The subjects of this research were 4 students in class X-10 who had high assertive behavior scores in the face of bullying. The instrument used is to measure the scale of assertive behavior in dealing with bullying, which consists of 45 valid and reliable question items. Instruments were given before and after the implementation of individual counseling services. The data analysis technique used in this research is the Wilcoxon analysis technique with α = 0.05. The results of this research show that before (pre-test) individual counseling was carried out, the assertive training technique was 110.5 and after individual counseling was carried out, the assertive training technique was 69.5. Based on the Wilcoxon test results, we get 𝐽ℎ𝑖𝑡𝑢𝑛g > 𝐽𝑡𝑎𝑏𝑒𝑙 where 5 > 0. So it can be said There is "the influence of individual counseling on assertive training techniques on assertive behavior in dealing with bullying in Class X Science at SMAN 12 Medan". This hypothesis can be accepted.
The Effect of Individual Counseling Self-Control Techniques on Narcissistic Students Using Tik-tok Social Media
Authors: Sitorus Clara Cindy C , Nur Arjani Nur Arjani
Published: June 2024

This research aims to determine the effect of individual counseling self-control techniques on the narcissism of students who use social media tik-tok. The research method used in this research is a quantitative method. The subjects of this research were 4 students in class The instrument used was the narcissistic personality scale for students using social media Tik-Tok, which consisted of 35 valid and reliable question items. The data analysis technique used in this research is the Wilcoxon analysis technique with α = 0.05. The results of this research show that before (pre-test) the individual counseling self-control technique was carried out it was 108.6 and after the individual counseling self-control technique was carried out it was 60.5. Based on the Wilcoxon test results, we get J_count > J_tabel where 5 > 0. So it can be said There is "the influence of individual counseling on self-control techniques on the narcissism of students who use social media Tik-Tok students.
Application of Group Counseling Stress Inoculation Training Techniques in Overcoming the Stress of Working on a Thesis Students
Authors: Harris Mayrisa Khadijah
Published: June 2024

This study aims to apply group counseling to the Stress Inoculation Training technique in dealing with the stress of working on a thesis on Counseling Guidance students. This type of research is quantitative research with a Pre-Experimental Design approach. The subjects in this research were 8 2019 Stambuk counseling students. This research consisted of 4 meetings. The results of the research showed that the average pre-test and post-test score for students' stress coping skills was 107.37 and after being provided with the service it decreased drastically. to 74.25. This means that the average value of overcoming student stress has decreased after being given service. Based on the results of the Wilcoxon test, the result is that 𝐽ℎ𝑖𝑡𝑢𝑛 𝑔 > 𝐽𝑡𝑎𝑏𝑒𝑙 where 6 > 4, which means the hypothesis in this research is accepted. Based on the data above, it can be concluded that the stress coping skills of 8 guidance and counseling students at Medan State University who were working on their thesis before being given the stress inoculation training technique group counseling service were found to be high, after being given the stress inoculation training technique group counseling service their stress coping skills were reduced.
Contribution of Career Guidance and Counseling Services to the Development of Student Career Commitment
Authors: Dewantara Muhammad Rafli , Lesmana Gusman
Published: June 2024

The researcher's aim is to determine the contribution of career counseling services to the development of career commitment of students at SMK Negeri 14 Medan. The sampling technique is Purposive Sampling technique. To obtain definite and relatively fast data in collecting data or information, researchers use instruments in the form of observations and questionnaires. Based on the data above regarding the contribution of career counseling services to the development of career commitment of students at SMK Negeri 14 Medan as many as 35 people with a total of 55 items. After being tested for validity and reliability, there are 38 valid items. So from the data analysis it has been proven that there is a significant relationship among the students of SMK Negeri 14 Medan. This is shown by the correlation obtained from the SPSS model summary display showing the magnitude of the product moment (Pearson) correlation of the lowest score = 65, the highest = 139, average mean = 108.28 and Standard Deviation (SD) = 15.63. If the guidance and counseling services in the career sector are able to develop career commitment as well and as maximally as possible, it can prevent student disengagement in choosing a future career.
The relevance of research and development of modernization of the hydrogenation process “Hydrocracking”
Authors: Tatzhikov Anton Dmitrievich , Belyakova Viktoria Alekseevna , Davydov Mikhail Vladimirovich , Rudnikova Elina Rashidovna
Published: June 2024

The article reflects the prospectivity of studying the hydrocracking process in order to intensify oil refining. The chemistry of the process is taken as a basis, which determines the advanced processing of raw materials, which oil refineries strive for. Introduction of hydrocracking process allows to get rid of heteroatoms from raw materials, which worsen oil refining and negatively affect the apparatuses of technological process and the environment. As a proof base for the technological process development, scientific researches of foreign colleagues were given as an example, in the course of which the hydrocracking process was studied and improved. All the results of the works showed positive dynamics. By processing residual feedstock and light oils, it was possible to achieve an increase in the yield of high quality motor petrol. Thus, there is a need to continue to study the hydrocracking process in order to implement and modernise it at oil refineries.
Some Lessons From the Medieval Reception of the Acts of Thecla in the Light of the Latin Manuscripts
Authors: ZAMFIR Korinna
Published: June 2024

The large number and wide geographic spread of the Latin manuscripts shows that the Acts of Thecla were widely known in the Middle Ages in spite of the negative views of Tertullian, Jerome and the Decretum Gelasianum. Included in liturgical books, among martyr passions and lives of saints, the story shaped the faith of monastic, clerical and church communities. This paper explores the extent to which the manuscript tradition preserves or modifies the difficult details of the writing: the encratic teaching of Paul, Thecla’s affection for the apostle, and in particular her baptism and teaching. The Latin manuscripts are essentially faithful to the narrative, including potentially difficult issues. However, some manuscripts tend to mitigate details and statements that seem problematic, to align Thecla’s deeds with conventional ecclesial teaching and practice.
Article history: Received 03.05.2024; Revised 05.05.2024; Accepted 15.05.2024
Available online: 07.06.2024. Available print: 30.06. 2024
The Appearance and Spread of Christianity in Antioch
Authors: DUȘE Călin Ioan
Published: June 2024

This study explores the origins and expansion of Christianity in Antioch, a major metropolis of the Roman Empire known for its cultural and religious diversity. The paper examines the initial introduction of Christianity by Judeo-Christians during the diaspora, highlighting the significant role of key figures such as the Holy Apostles Peter, Paul, and Barnabas. It delves into the establishment of the first Christian community in Antioch, the successful integration of Gentile converts, and the city’s role as a pivotal center for the spread of Christianity to the Gentile world. The study also discusses the Council of Jerusalem’s decisions on the inclusion of Gentiles and their implications for the Christian mission. Antioch is portrayed as a melting pot where new religious ideas, including Christianity, thrived, contributing to the city’s transformation into a hub for the dissemination of the Christian faith.
Article history: Received 03.05.2024; Revised 05.05.2024; Accepted 15.05.2024
Available online: 07.06.2024. Available print: 30.06. 2024
Estratégias municipais, serviços públicos e cidade digital estratégica, caso de Edimburgo, Escócia
Authors: Al Lahham Nour Allah , Rezende Denis Alcides , Almeida Giovana Goretti Feijó , Gallego Andres Ruiz , Bahmanfar Hanyeh
Published: June 2024

As estratégias municipais e as alternativas de tecnologias estão sendo elaboradas no mundo para promover o desenvolvimento econômico e social das cidades. O objetivo é analisar as estratégias municipais e os serviços públicos com tecnologia da informação ofertados aos cidadãos e suas relações com projeto de cidade digital estratégica. A metodologia da pesquisa adotada foi um estudo de caso na cidade de Edimburgo, Escócia, utilizando técnicas qualitativas e quantitativas. O protocolo da pesquisa tem 2 constructos e 6 variáveis. Os resultados auferidos mostram que Edimburgo possui estratégias e serviços municipais que visam promover o desenvolvimento sustentável da cidade e de seus cidadãos, abrangendo temáticas municipais como sustentabilidade, energia renovável, habitação, infraestrutura, cultura, saúde, meio ambiente, entre outras. A conclusão enfatiza a interconexão entre as estratégias municipais e os serviços públicos com tecnologia da informação no contexto de crescimento urbano e populacional nos subprojetos de cidade digital estratégica. A cidade de Edimburgo é um exemplo de como os recursos da tecnologia de informação podem melhorar os serviços públicos e o bem-estar dos cidadãos e a gestão da cidade. O uso de políticas públicas de inserção dos recursos da tecnologia de informação fortalece e solidifica os processos vitais para o desenvolvimento urbano e regional.
On $G$-$(n,d)$-rings and $n$-coherent rings
Authors: Li Weiqing
Published: June 2024

Let $n$ and $d$ be non-negative integers. We introduce the concept of $strongly$ $(n,d)$-$injective$ modules to characterize $n$-coherent rings. For a right perfect ring $R$, it is shown that $R$ is right $n$-coherent if and only if every right $R$-module has a strongly $(n,d)$-injective (pre)cover for some non-negative integer $d \leq n$. We also provide equivalent conditions for an $(n,d)$-ring being $n$-coherent. Then we investigate the so-called $right$ $G$-$(n,d)$-$rings$, over which every $n$-presented right module has Gorenstein projective dimension at most $d$. Finally, we prove a Gorenstein analogue of Costa's first conjecture.
AN UPDATED CLASSIFICATION OF PRIMARY LYMPHEDEMA BASED ON AGE OF ONSET, LYMPHATIC ANOMALIES, AND GENETICS
Authors: Liu N.F. , Gao M.Z. , Maltese P.E. , Bartelli M.
Published: June 2024

Primary lymphedema (PLE) is a chronic disease caused by lymphatic dysplasia and progresses to irreversible tissue edema and hypertrophy. Understanding of PLE has been hitherto limited. The aim of this study is to devise an updated classification system for PLE of 1013 patients with PLE of lower limb were enrolled. Sex, age of onset, location, family history and morbidity were documented. The lymphatic imaging findings of magnetic resonance lymphography (MRL), indocyanine green lymphography (ICGL) and lymphoscintigraphy (LSG), skin tissue immunohistochemical staining, whole exome sequencing and the correlation of genotype-phenotype were evaluated. Patients were divided into a congenital onset category and a late onset category. The late onset category was further divided according to developmental age. The ratio of congenital-onset to late-onset PLE was 1:4 and that the highest incidence was in adolescence. The sex ratio was 1.04:1 and 1.5:1 in congenital-onset and late-onset groups, respectively. Three major lymphatic anomalies were identified, in which segmental lymphatic dysfunction, characterized by delayed or partial demonstration of lymph vessels, is the most common and associated with FLT4, GJC2, CELSR1, and PTPN14 mutations. The next most common type is lymphatic hyperplasia, which is associated with FOXC2 and GATA2 variants, followed by initial lymphatic aplasia or dysfunction, which is more common in patients with congenital PLE and associated with FLT4 mutation. A functional and structural combined classification of lymphatic anomalies is proposed, which includes segmental lymphatic dysfunction, lymphatic hyperplasia and initial lymphatic aplasia or dysfunction.
Análise do Primeiro Precedente Doméstico que Reconhece a Possibilidade do Dano Moral Ambiental Coletivo Apelação Cível Nº 2001.001.14586 da Segunda Câmara do Tribunal de Justiça do Rio de Janeiro
Authors: Carvalho Laplace Guedes Alcoforado leite de , Cunha Fábio Leandro de Alencar , Pereira Fábio de Souza
Published: June 2024

Objective: The objective of this study is to examine the judgment handed down in Civil Appeal No. 14586/2001, with the aim of investigating the evolution of environmental concerns and the nature of regulations designed to protect the environment.
 
Theoretical Framework: Theoretically, we highlight the Collective Rights and Constitutional Principles that support the Environment, from the theoretical perspective of Lima (2006). An understanding of the three phases in the evolution of recognizing the normativity of principles: jusnaturalism, juspositivism and post-positivism, based on Magalhães Filho (2004). The role of principles in environmental legislation, based on Lima (2006) and Magalhães Filho. The evolution of fundamental rights, based on Garcia (2006), Bonavides (2017) and Magalhães Filho (2004). Collective actions, based on Lima (2006) and Garcia (2006). It deals with environmental protection and the framework of environmental moral damage, taking Ferreira Filho (2004) and Lima (2006) as references. And finally, it deals with collective environmental moral damage, based on Garcia (2006), Ferreira Filho (2004), Lima (2006) and Magalhães Filho (2006).
 
Method: The methodology used in this work was based mainly on bibliographical research, focusing on the study of the related ruling, in addition to consulting books, articles, magazines and other specialized publications in search of answers to the problem presented, with the aim of deepening knowledge on the subject.
 
Results and Discussion: The analysis of the evolution of environmental damage and the approaches to liability, as documented in the unanimous decision in Civil Appeal No. 14586/2001, revealed significant progress. The existence of collective environmental moral damage, supported by constitutional principles, is evident, as is the acceptance of this concept by national legislation and case law. Finally, the article pointed out the ways of repairing collective environmental moral damage, highlighting the importance of promoting efforts to solve this problem.
Research Implications: The practical and theoretical implications of this research are discussed, providing insights into how the results can be applied or influence practices in the field of study of Environmental Law. These implications may cover Environmental Civil Liability, Environmental Damage, Collective Moral Damage, as well as Environmental Reparation.
 
Originality/Value: This study contributes to the literature by pointing out ways of repairing collective environmental moral damage, highlighting the importance of promoting efforts to solve this problem.
Stroke during cardiac and non-cardiac procedures (review)
Authors: Lomivorotova L. V.
Published: June 2024

Annually, more than 300 millions surgical procedures are performed worldwide. Aging population and an increase in number of patients with comorbidities increase the risk of various complications. Perioperative stroke is not very common, but very serious complication in cardiac and non-cardiac surgery, which adversely influence mortality and disability at long-term follow-up. The etiology of stroke is multifactrorial and far from being understood. Main factors, responsible for development of this complication, include hypoperfusion, microembolization of brain vessels, and systemic inflammatory response syndrome. However, to date, there is no convincing evidence of the benefits of certain methods of preventing perioperative stroke during cardiac and non-cardiac surgery.
Breathing reserve as a predictor of postoperative pulmonary complications in patients with lung cancer
Authors: Kochoyan I. Sh. , Nikitina E. K. , Obukhova A. A. , Zaripova Z. A.
Published: June 2024

The objective was to assess the possibility of using breathing reserve (BR) to evaluate the individual risk of postoperative pulmonary complications (PPC) in patients who underwent open surgery for lung cancer.

Materials and methods. The study involved 185 patients who underwent open surgery for lung cancer in the clinic of the Pavlov University in 2018–2020. All patients underwent cardiopulmonary exercise testing (CPET) in the preoperative period to determine the BR. All patients were retrospectively divided into 2 groups depending on the presence of PPC during 7 days after the surgery. To assess the information content of BR for predicting PPC and their outcome, the data were statistically processed: the Mann–Whitney U-test, Fisher’s exact test, Youden index and linear regression method were used.

Results. PPC developed in 7 patients (3.8%), in 3 of them (42.9% of the group with PC and 1.6% of the total group) they were accompanied by acute respiratory failure (ARF), requiring reintubation and mechanical ventilation; these patients died. At the anaerobic threshold (AT), there were significant differences in BR (p = 0.003). A direct correlation was found between BR at the AT not only at the peak load but also during the unloaded cycling (UC) (closeness of connection on the Chaddock scale BR (AT) – BR (peak) ρ = 0.724, BR (AT) – BR (UC) ρ = 0.734, p < 0.001). The chances to develop PC changed as follows: in the group of patients with BR (UC) < 72.025% were 21.4 times higher (95% CI: 2.499 – 182.958); with BR (AT) < 44.136% were 27.2 times higher (95% CI: 4.850 – 152.167); with BR (peak) < 36.677% were 7.6 times higher (95% CI: 1.426 – 40.640).

Conclusions. Dynamic measurement of the BR is informative at all stages of CPET. The risk of PPC and their unfavorable outcome increases when the BR is below 72.025% at the unloaded cycling, below 44.136% at the anaerobic threshold and below 36.377% at the peak load. BR can be used as a marker of the development of PPC in patients undergoing lung cancer surgery.
Comparative assessment of the effect of anesthetics (propofol, sevoflurane, desflurane) on hemodynamics and gas exchange in the lungs during operations for acute pulmonary embolism
Authors: Taranov E. V. , Pastukhova N. K. , Pichugin V. V. , Fedorov S. A. , Brichkin Yu. D. , Nezabudkin S. N. , ZhIlyaev S. A. , Nikitin K. I.
Published: June 2024

Introduction. To date, single studies have been published on the anesthesiological support of operations for acute pulmonary embolism. The issues of the influence of basic anesthetics on central hemodynamics and the functional state of lung tissue are not covered.

The objective was to conduct a comparative assessment of the effect of anesthesia based on propofol, sevoflurane and desflurane on the parameters of central hemodynamics, myocardial contractility and functional state of the lungs during operations for acute pulmonary embolism.

Materials and methods. The study included 75 patients (42 men and 33 women) aged 42.3 ± 14.3 years. All patients were operated for massive pulmonary embolism under cardiopulmonary bypass. The patients were randomized into three groups: in the first group (25 patients), propofol was used as the main anesthetic; in the secondgroup (25 patients) - sevoflurane; in the third group (25 patients) - desflurane. The indicators of central hemodynamics, myocardial contractile function and the functional state of the lungs during the operation were studied.

Results. The comparative analysis of the anesthesia revealed that propofol had a more pronounced depressive effect on hemodynamics (a statistically significant decrease in blood pressure and EF LV), and desflurane had a moderate hyperdynamic effect (a statistically significant increase in heart rate). Anesthesia with propofol caused a statistically significant increase in the AAPO2 index (by 32.1%), a decrease in the PaO2/FiO2 index (by 24.1%) before cardiopulmonary bypass. After CPB, the oxygenation index decreased, intrapulmonary blood shunting increased, and pulmonary compliance decreased statistically significantly. The use of inhalation anesthetics (sevoflurane, desflurane) effectively preserved the functional parameters of the lungs: there were no statistically significant changes in the studied parameters.

Conclusion. The inclusion of inhaled anesthetics (sevoflurane and desflurane) in the anesthesia regimen during surgery for acute pulmonary embolism ensures the stability of hemodynamic parameters and contractile function of the myocardium. The use of inhaled anesthetics maintains high lung function during surgery.
Cerebral edema in an adolescent patient with diabetic ketoacidosis: a case report with a review of literature
Authors: Bykov Yu. V. , Obedin A. N. , Vorobyova A. P. , Kushkhova J. A.
Published: June 2024

The objective was to describe a case of cerebral edema (CE) in an adolescent patient with type 1 diabetes mellitus (DM) complicated with diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA), and to perform an analysis and review of publications devoted to this topic.

Materials and methods. We describe the rare clinical case of CE complicated with DKA in the 14-year-old adolescent patient, including the dynamics of the patient’s clinical condition and laboratory test results. The topic of interest was researched through analysis of publications found in the Cochrane Library, PubMed, eLibrary.ru and Medscape databases using the following search terms: diabetic ketoacidosis, children and adolescents, cerebral edema, intensive therapy. A total of 38 publications in Russian and English were selected for being fully compliant with the purpose of this work. The features of the reported clinical case were analyzed and compared with information obtained from the current scientific literature.

Results: This case demonstrates specific features presenting in the course of CE and describes aspects of the intensive treatment provided to the patient. Manifestations of severe hypokalemia and hypernatremia have been recorded as rare electrolyte disturbances in CE in the adolescent with DKA. The report demonstrates that the steps and specific parameters of the provided intensive treatment are unlikely to have triggered the development of CE in the clinic in this particular clinical case. It cannot be ruled out that the development of this complication was triggered by the delayed initiation of treatment (caused by the patient) at the prehospital stage, including the patient’s rude noncompliance with the prescribed insulin treatment scheme.

Conclusions. CE is the rare but severe (with a high fatality rate) complication of DKA in patients with type 1 DM. Timely initiation of emergency care for CE may reduce risks associated with this complication and improve treatment outcomes and patient prognosis.
Proportion and risk factors of low birth weight among neonates delivered at Omdurman Maternity Hospital, Sudan
Authors: Mahmoud Ahmed , Shaaban Kamil , Noureddin Ahmed , Mohamed Sagad , Abdalhameed Mohammed , Elzubeir Khalefa , Mohammednoor Mohammed , Mirghani Elsara
Published: June 2024

Background: Low birth weight is a major predictor of child mortality and morbidity. The objectives of this study were to determine the proportion and risk factors of low birth weight.
Methods: A matched case control study was conducted in Omdurman maternity hospital in Sudan. The study population was all babies delivered in August 2016 excluding stillbirths, multiple births and babies with insufficient data. All low-birth-weight neonates were selected using total coverage sampling as cases and matched on babies' sex with randomly selected normal birth weight controls. The sample size was 350 babies; 175 cases and 175 controls. Data was collected from hospital records and six risk factors were tested; mother age, parity, gravidity, mode of delivery, hypertensive disorders and diabetes mellitus.
Results: The proportion of low birth weight was 10.8%. Bivariate analysis identified that younger mother age (p = .03) and hypertension (p = .02) were significantly associated with low birth weight while other factors were found statistically insignificant. Multivariable conditional logistic regression revealed that hypertensive disorders in pregnancy increases the risk for low birth weight almost three times (Adjusted OR = 2.98 [95%CI: 1.23 - 7.22], p = .02).
Conclusion: We found that the proportion of low birth weight is 10.8% and hypertension is an independent risk factor for low birth weight. The proportion of low birth weight can be reduced if hypertension is controlled by providing simple measures like proper antenatal care and health education for pregnant women.
Nuestra portada- VOL 17 NÚM 1
Authors: Manzana de la Discordia Gestor
Published: June 2024

En el año 2012, en la ciudad de Bogotá, Colombia, fue asesinada Rosa Elvira Cely (1977-2012). Laindignación por su asesinato movilizó a gran parte de la ciudadanía, a tal punto que este hecho fueuna pieza fundamental para que en Colombia se tipificara el delito de feminicidio.
التوكيد في سورة الحشر وأثره في توجيه المعنى
Authors: علاوي عادل صالح
Published: June 2024

الحمد لله رب العالمين وصلى الله على نبينا محمد وعلى آله وصبه وسلم ، أما بعد:
   فقد جعل الله تعالى لكل نبي معجزات  ، وخص نبينا محمدا (صلى الله عليه وسلم) بمعجزات خالدة الى يوم القيامة, وأعظمها القرآن الكريم الذي أبهر العقول بأسلوبه ونظمه, وتحدى به عالمي الجن والأنَّس معا على أن يأتوا بمثله فما استطاعوا الى ذلك سبيلاً , قال تعالى: ﭽ ﭜ   ﭝ  ﭞ  ﭟ  ﭠ  ﭡ  ﭢ  ﭣ  ﭤ  ﭥ  ﭦ   ﭧ  ﭨ  ﭩ  ﭪ  ﭫ     ﭬ  ﭭ  ﭮ  ﭯ  ﭼ  
  وقد خصه الله تعالى بأن جعله معجزا دون غيره من الكتب السماوية, فلم يصفها بما وصف القرآن, جاء في الاتقان: ((قال القاضي: فإن قيل : هل تقولون أنّ غير القرآن من كلام معجز, كالتوراة والإنجيل؟ قلنا: ليس شيء من ذلك بمعجز في النظم والتأليف, وان كان معجزا كالقرﺁن فيما يتضمن من الإخبار بالغيوب, وانما لم يكن معجزا لأنَّه الله لم يصفه بما وصف القرﺁن, ولأنَّ قد علمنا أنه لم يقع التحدي اليه كما وقع في القرﺁن, ولأنَّ ذلك اللسان لا يتأتى فيه من وجوه الفصاحة ما يقع به التفاضل الذي ينتهى الى حد الاعجاز))
العلامة السردية في قصة (( جوار قصر شاهق)) لنجمان ياسين
Authors: نبو صلاح جاسم
Published: June 2024

إن العلامة السردية تنتمي إلى الدراسات السيميائية، التي حاولت باتجاهاتها المختلقة أن تتعامل مع مفهوم العلامة وتبتعد عن البعد التحريري به في قلب الدراسات التطبيقية، إذا كان كل من بيرس وسويسر قد شارك في بناء الجهازي النظري حول مفهوم العلامة وعلاقتها بالحياة الاجتماعية، وإلا أن الأمر لم يتوقف عندهما نحو تيارات ومدارس تعاملت مع العلامة وفقا لرؤى مختلفة ومتغيرة.
وتبرز العلامة الأدبية و(السردية على وجه الخصوص) بأنها تتوافر على شروط ياكوبسن وتحديداً الوظيفة الشعرية التي تجعل من الأدب أدباً.
     إن عملية التقطيع النصي للقصة أو الرواية تتمثَّل في تقسيم النص إلى مجموعة من المقاطع والوحدات والبنيات والمتواليات في ضوء مجموعة من المعايير الدلالية والشكلية والتداولية التي من أهمها؛ المعيار البصري والمعيار التركيبي والمعيار الفضائي والمعيار العاملي والمعيار الدلالي.
اما قصة جوار قصر شاهق للقاص العراقي (نجمان ياسين) وهي تنتهي إلى المجموعة القصصية ( ذلك النهر الغريب) وتتميز هذه القصة بأجواء الطفولة والبراءة وتراكم الخوف فضلاً عن التوظيف الفني للموروث الشعبي لمدينة الموصل. ويتداخل في قصص هذه المجموعة السِّيَرِي والسردي إلى حد بعيد فضلاً عن سيطرة أجواء الموصل (الفولكلورية).
التّحليل السيِّميائي للتّوابع
Authors: الخامس يوخنّا ميرزا , حمزة صدّام حمّو
Published: June 2024

يقوم البحث على قسمين : الأوّل : نظري بيّنا فيه معنى مصطلح ( التّكلس النّحوي) ؛الذي نعني به تقارب الموضوعات النحوية فيما بينها  إلى درجة أنّ المعربين يخلطون بين الموضوعات النّحوية الذي سمّيناه تكلسا ، مثل الخلط بين أنواع الاستثناء ،وبين الحال والتمييز ، وبين عطف البيان وبدل الكلّ من الكلّ   .
      وهذا التكلس أبعدنا عن معرفة الفرق الحقيقي بين تلك الموضوعات ،ولكن بواسطة العناصر الثلاثة المذكورة آنفا في التحليل النحوي نتوصل  إلى الفرق بين الموضوعات النحوية ، وتقلل في الوقت عينه الخلاف بين المعربين في الموضوعات المتكلسة .
والقسم الاخر من بحثنا، هو دراسة على صفات التوابع من خلل حدودها ، وبيان مواطن التكلّس النّحوي فيها .
تقدير خطر السيول في حوض وادي شال باستخدام نموذج سنايدر
Authors: شده جمعه أشجان غائب , حميد دلي خلف
Published: June 2024

تهدف الدراسة الى تقدير حجم تصريف موجات السيول المطرية ونتيجة لصعوبة تقدير موجات السيول في حوض وادي شال لابد من تطوير الطرائق المستخدمة في تقدير كمية السيول وتحديداً في الأحواض غير المرصودة وبسبب ذلك تم استخدام نموذج سنايدر (Snyder model) لمعرفة ذلك من خلال النماذج الرياضية لتقدير حجم السيول في الاحواض المائية بشكل يتم فيه محاكاة اسلوب النظام الهايدرولوجي في الحوض, نلحظ ان القيمة المحسوبة لفترة استجابة الحوض المائي لهطول الامطار (TP) مقدرة بالساعة لمنطقة الدراسة, حيث سجلت ادنى فترة زمنية ممكن تتساقط فيها الامطار بلغت (1.1) ساعة في حوض (W21,W24,W27) على التوالي ويبدأ بعدها الجريان السطحي, بينما اقصى فترة زمنية ممكن تتساقط فيها الامطار (1.8) ساعة كأقصى مدة زمنية في حوض (W1,W31) ساعة كما نلحظ اقصى كمية لتدفق السيول تصل (47.8) م3/ثا وذلك في حوض (W9 ) وتصل ادنى كمية لتدفق السيول الى (8.2) م3/ثا في حوض(W12).
"التوزيع الجغرافي لمناطق السياحة الطبيعية وتحليلاتها الإحصائية في محافظة صلاح الدين*"
Authors: عبدالله ثلج صفاء محمود , طه العزاوي ظافر ابراهيم
Published: June 2024

تعد السياحة اليوم واحدة من أكثر الصناعات نموا في العالم، وتعد الإمكانات الطبيعية من أهم عوامل الجذب السياحي وهو ما يعرف بالسياحة الطبيعية، ومن هنا تبرز أهمية  دراسة التوزيع الجغرافي لمناطق السياحة الطبيعية وتحليلاتها الإحصائية في محافظة صلاح الدين وتتمثل هذه المناطق بالجزر النهرية، بحيرات وأنهار(رياضة مائية)، صيد بري وصيد أسماك، استكشاف المناطق المرتفعة، اقامة المخيمات الصحراوية، النباتات الطبيعية. وتبين من خلال تحليل البيانات أن الجزر النهرية تعد من بين أكثر المناطق الطبيعية الأخرى تفضيلا في استغلالها للأغراض الترفيهية والسياحية وذلك بسبب توفر العديد من المقومات الطبيعية في الجزر النهري ومنها الموارد المائية وما تتضمنها من أنشطة سياحية كالرياضة المائي وصيد الأسماك وكذلك كثافة النبات الطبيعي على الجزر النهرية ، وتعد جميع مناطق السياحة الطبيعية الأخرى هي ملائمة لممارسة الانشطة السياحية المتعلقة بها.
التمثيل الخرائطي الإحصائي المكاني للكثافة السكانية لسكان محافظة صلاح الدين
Authors: حسن احمد عبدالسلام , جاسم صديق مصطفى
Published: June 2024

تهدف الدراسة إلى التوصل إلى تمثيل خرائطي فعال يتسم بالشمولية والدقة والموضوعية في تمثيل البيانات السكانية (الكثافة السكانية), ومعرفة قوة التبصير الخرائطي لخرائط منطقة الدراسة باستخدام طرائق التمثيل الإحصائي المكاني, لذلك انطلقت الدراسة من الفرضيات والاهداف التي يمكن تحقيقها باستخدام تقنيات التمثيل الخرائطي الإحصائي المكاني وتوصلت الدراسة إلى مجموعة استنتاجات منها: إن استخدام التقنيات الحديثة والمتمثلة بطرائق التمثيل الخرائطي الإحصائي المكاني لها دور كبير في رسم وانتاج خرائط السكان بمستوى تبصير خرائطي عالٍ, كذلك لها القدرة على إعطاء صورة واضحة وقريبة من الواقع لمعرفة طبيعة التوزيع المكاني للبيانات السكانية, وتميزت طرائق التمثيل الخرائطي الإحصائي المكاني بإدراك بصري عالٍ في إعداد خرائط السكان, إذ ان الهدف من استخدام اكثر من طريقة من طرائق التمثيل الإحصائي هو لاختيار الطريقة الأفضل والأنسب في تمثيل وإعداد خرائط السكان, وضرورة استكشاف البيانات من خلال المدرج التكراري واتجاه التوزيع والارتباط الذاتي المكاني قبل التمثيل الخرائطي بطرائق التمثيل الإحصائي المكاني من اجل معرفة طبيعة توزيع البيانات واتجاهاتها المكانية وارتباطاتها, أثبتت الدراسة ان للتبصير الخرائطي دور مهماَ في فهم وإدراك خرائط الكثافة السكانية بطرائق التمثيل الإحصائي المكاني, وذلك باعتبار التبصير الخرائطي وسيلة مهمة لإيصال المعلومة إلى قارئها ومستخدمها بصورة مدركة ومفهومة.
تطبيق التقنيات الرقمية الحديثة لمعالجة خرائط العراق التاريخية القديمة وتحليلها ( دراسة في الفكر الجغرافي المعاصر)
Authors: عبيد العزاوي محمد فزع
Published: June 2024

تبرز أهمية هذه الدراسة في مراجعة المصادر التي تناولت الخرائط التاريخية المستوردة من المواقع الالكترونية الموثوقة، بهدف اجراء التحسينات المثالية عليها وزيادة الوضوح وجودة الصورة لغرض تحليلها ،لاسيما في مجال تقييم دقتها الهندسية بعد إدخالها في بيئات برمجية مختصة، باستخدام الذكاء الاصطناعي في برنامج نظم المعلومات الجغرافية والاستفادة منها في معالجة الخرائط التاريخية المدروسة.
      ومن هنا ظهرت اهمية البحث بهدف زيادة الدقة والوضوح  من خلال مضاعفة اعداد البكسلات وتحسين جودتها، وتوصلت الدراسة الى أن الدقة المثالية لوضوح صور الخرائط التاريخية لغرض تحليلها تقع ما بين (300 - 1200) بيكسل في البوصة.
اثر استراتيجية الدعائم التعليمية في تنمية المحاكمة العقلية لدي طلاب الصف السابع الاساس في مادة الاجتماعيات
Authors: احمد شيرزاد علي , سعيد نارين كمال , محمد رةوا صالح
Published: June 2024

هدف البحث الى التعرف على استراتيجية اثر استراتيجية الدعائم التعليمية في تنمية المحاكمة العقلية لدي طلاب الصف السابع الاساس في مادة الاجتماعيات، استخدم الباحثون المنهج التجريبي بالتصميم مجموعتين (التجريبية–الضابطة) ذات المقياس المحاكمة العقلية (القبلي و البعدي).
ومن حيث اختار الباحثون عينة البحث: تم اختيار مدرسة (خواكورك الأساس للبنين) من المدارس النهارية التابعة لمديرية تربية أربيل، بلغ عدد طلاب لشعبتين (60) طلابا بواقع (30) طلابا مجموعة التجريبية (30) طلابا في المجموعة الضابطة وهناك  حالة استبعاد ستة طلاب، تعدل بشكل مختصر بلغ طلاب المجموعة التجريبية (27 ) طالبا وبلغ طلاب المجموعة الضابطة (27) طالبا، اعداد مقياس المحاكمة العقلية الباحثون اعتمد من ( 30) فقرة.
بعد الانتهاء من التجربة وجمع البيانات أجرى الباحثون اختبارات وتحليلات إحصائية على البيانات التي تم الحصول عليها من خلال استعمال الحزمة الإحصائية (Spss).
اثر استراتيجيه التعلم التعاوني في تحصيل طلاب الصف الخامس الأدبي في مادة الفلسفة وعلم النفس وتنمية استطلاعهم العلمي
Authors: صالح الجبوري راحل عجم
Published: June 2024

هدف البحث الى التعرف على اثر استراتيجية التعلم التعاوني في تحصيل طلاب الخامس الادبي وتنمية استطلاعهم العلمي. وتحقيقا لأهداف البحث اعتمد الباحث التصميم شبة التجريبي ذو الضبط الجزئي وهو تصميم المجموعتين التجريبية والضابطة ذو الاختبارين القبلي والبعدي ووضعت فرضيتين للبحث. تم تحديد مجتمع البحث الذي يمثل المدارس الاعدادية ضمن المديرية العامة لتربية صلاح الدين- قسم تربية العلم, اختيرت عينة البحث والتي تكونت من (70) طالبا من طلاب المرحلة الاعدادية من مدرسة ابن الاثير قصديا, وقسمت العينة على مجموعتين تجريبية ومجموعة ضابطة: - المجموعة التجريبية(35) طالبا درست وفق استراتيجية التعلم التعاوني. والمجموعة الضابطة والتي شملت (35) طالبا تم اجراء التكافؤ بين المجموعتين في بعض المتغيرات مثل(العمر الزمني، التحصيل السابق، مستوى الذكاء, تحصيل الوالدين الدراسي) والتي يرى الباحث بأنها يمكن ان تؤثر في المتغيرات التابعة مع المتغيرات المستقلة.
أثر الملخصات السبورية في تنمــية اتجاه طــلاب الصف الرابع العلمي نحـو مادة الفيزياء
Authors: عزيز الحيالي عصمت أحمد
Published: June 2024

يهدف البحث الحـــالي الى معرفة أثر الملخصات السبورية في تنمــية اتجاه طــلاب الصف الرابع العلمي نحـو مادة الفيزياء.   
       تكونت عينة البحث من (80) طالباً من طلاب الصف الرابع العلمي فــــي اعدادية الرسالة الإسلامية للبنين تمّ اختيارها قصدياً, تـــم توزيعــهم عشوائيـــا الـــى مجموعتيــــن متكافئتيــــــن في عدد من المتغيرات: ( درجات مــادة الفيزيــاء للصف الثالث المتوسط  ،الاتجاه القبلي نحو مادة الفيزياء، الأعمار بالشهور , حاصل الذكاء , المستوى التعليمي للوالدين) , إذ تــــكوّنت المجموعة التجريبية من (40) طالبا ، والضابطة من ((40 طالبا ، ولتحقيـــــق هـــــدف البحــــث اعتمد الباحث أداة البحث وهي مقياس الاتجاه نحو مادة الفيزياء ، واتّسم المقـــيـــــاس بالصدق بعـــــد أن تـــمّ عرضه علـــــى مجموعـــــة مــــن الخبراء والمحكمين واستخــرج ثبــــاته بطـــريقــــة اعــــــــادة الاختبــــار وقـــــــد بلــــغ معامـــل ثباتـــه (0.83) بعد ذلك طبقـــت التجـــربة من قبل الباحث نفسه ابتداءً مـن الأحد 3/ 11/ 2019 ولغايــــــــة الأربعاء 15 /1/ 2020 ، وبعد تطبيقه الأداة بعدياً وجمع البيانات وتحليلها احصائيا باستعمال الاختبار التائي لعينتين مستقلتين تــــوصل .الباحــث الى النتيــجة الآتية:"يوجد فـرق ذو دلالة احصائية بين متوسطي

أصالةً عني أنا الباحث أعبر عن شكري وامتناني لمكتبة جامعة تكريت لرفدها لبحثي وكل ما هو جديد ومعتمد في الحقل المعرفي الخاص بالبحوث , فلكم مني كل التقدير.

 
تنمـــــــية الاتجـــــاه نحــــو مــــــادة الفيـــزيــــــــــاء لـــدى أفـــــــراد مجموعتـي البحـــــــــث التجريبيـــة      والضابطــــة، ولصالـح المجموعة التجريبيـــة" وبناءً عليه استنتج الباحث عدداً من الاستنتاجات                      منها إمكانيـة تطبيــق استراتيجـية الملخصات السبورية فـي تـدريــس مـادة الفيـزيـاء مـع طـــــلاب الصـف الرابــع العلمي وأن هــنــــــــــاك تجــــاوب وتـفـــــاعــل ايجابــــي لـــــدى طـلاب الصف الرابــــع العلمـــــي مــــــع خطــــــــوات الاستراتيجية وقدّم عددا من التوصيات والمقترحات.
شيوخ ابي القاسم الجرجاني وتلاميذه من خلال كتابه (تاريخ جرجان) وما ذكرته مصادر ترجمته
Authors: زيدان العبيدي ريم محمود , حسين الزيدي مها عبد الرحمن
Published: June 2024

يدرس البحث مشايخ الامام الحافظ المحدث ابا القاسم الجرجاني، وكذلك تلاميذه، اذ صنف كتابا خاصا في تراجم شيوخه والقى الضوء عليهم وهم كُثر، وقد كان اولئك الشيوخ من جرجان نفسها وهي مسقط راسه، كما اخذه وسمع من الكثير من شيوخ الامصار الاخرى، مثل اصبهان ونيسابور والاهواز وبغداد وغيرها، حيث اخذ عنهم الحديث والفقه والاصول، وصرح بأسمائهم في كتابه تاريخ جرجان عندما نقل منهم رواياتهم وبعض اخبارهم، ومنهم من ترجم لهم وذكر انه سمع منهم معبرا عن ذلك بألفاظ تدل على السماع والإجازة مثل: سمعت، حدثني، اخبرنا، وغيرها من الالفاظ والصيغة الاخرى.
مثلما اخذ ابو القاسم الجرجاني عن عدد كبير من الشيوخ، فقد اخذ عنه ايضا عدد من طلبه العلم في عصره، وهذا دليل على منزلته وعلو مكانته.
Chinese Anti-Republicans Propaganda during COVID-19 Outbreak
Authors: Mohammed Zainab Saad , Al Shamiri Sadiq Mahdi
Published: June 2024

The history of the Sino-US relationship has been marked by its turbulence. It moves up and down in accordance with the desires of both sides. This relationship was initially solid under Trump's presidency, but after the outbreak of COVID-19 it became exceedingly challenging. As a result, media sources generally and newspaper articles specifically reflect this erratic relationship.
The purpose of this research is to reveal the conspiratorial agendas promoted by Chinese media against republicans in general and Donald Trump in particular, as it is hypothesized to occur in the selected data. Propaganda is to be used to disclose these agendas. Two articles from the Global Times and China Daily, two Chinese newspapers, are chosen for the analysis of this study.
             In terms of analysis, the research is intended to be both qualitative and quantitative. The Institute for Propaganda Analysis' suggested propaganda techniques are the foundation of the qualitative analysis. The frequencies, percentages, and Chi-square are the foundation of the quantitative analysis. The data shows that the most common form of propaganda is card stacking. It serves to disparage Trump and other republicans. The next technique is name-calling, which is mostly employed to disparage the republicans' action of demonizing China. Besides, different agendas are revealed including: Republicans mounted a rumor offensive and started spreading false conspiracy theories in order to harm China's reputation abroad, America is significantly dependent on Chinese manufacturing and if republicans maintain their stigmatizing actions, China will respond in a way that will bring catastrophe in the stock market.
Human development in China: cultural and value aspect
Authors: Dugarova Svetlana Bazarzhapovna , Kuchinskaya Tatiana Nikolaevna
Published: June 2024

Anthropologism as a universal characteristic of modern philosophical knowledge puts man at the center of multilateral socio-cultural transformations as their goal, driving force and primary condition. The modern anthropological crisis calls for the search for new value foundations for human potential development and actualizes the study of cultural regional and country specifics of its implementation practices. The successes of the People's Republic of China largely determine a new vision of the place and role of man in socio-cultural transformations. Human potential forms a dynamic, rapidly changing image of the socio-cultural environment in China, determining the speed and direction of internal and external modernization processes. The development of human potential in China is becoming a priority. It is associated with the main goal – to achieve the level of "average prosperity" (小康), and it logically fits into the cultural and value paradigm of the "Chinese dream" (中国梦). Acting as a key component of the "scientific concept of development" (科学观) in the form of a value setting "man is at the core" (以人为本), human potential is becoming one of the leading factors in the socio-cultural modernization of the People's Republic of China. A systematic approach in the research contributed to the analysis of the human potential development strategy of the People's Republic of China as an integral system of conceptual provisions and practices; an axiological approach helped to identify the value content of the strategy of the "power of human potential" of the People's Republic of China; the method of hermeneutic reconstruction contributed to the construction of a value model of a "comprehensive harmonious person" within the framework of the implementation of this strategy. The scientific novelty of this work consists in identifying the cultural and value components of the formation and development of human potential in China. The following results were developed by the author of the article : 1.The ideas of Chinese scientists about human development were made within the framework of cultural philosophy, social philosophy, economic theory, modernization and transnationalization theory. 2.The cultural and value component in the structure of human potential is revealed in the article , the characteristics of its individual elements are presented. 3.Based on the analysis of authentic sources, a hermeneutic reconstruction of the innovative axiological model of the "all-round harmonious person" in the context of building a "power of human potential" in the People's Republic of China was carried out. 4.The regional socio-cultural practices of the implementation of the concept of human development of the People's Republic of China, including comprehensive multi-level programs implemented at the national and supranational levels, are analyzed.
The correlation between existential fulfillment and emotional burnout: a theoretical and empirical review.
Authors: Dubinina Sofiya Igorevna
Published: June 2024

The article considers the main approaches to the understanding of emotional burnout and existential fulfillment and studies their interrelation. The relevance of the work is reflected in the increase of scientific and practical interest to the problem of emotional burnout and existential fulfillment. Modern instability generates a wave of anxiety, distress and experience of uncertainty of the people. Therefore, it is crucial to expand the understanding of the phenomena generating mental and physical exhaustion. The object of the study is mental burnout and existential fulfillment. The subject of the study is the relationship between emotional burnout and existential fulfillment of the lawyers. The purpose of the study is to describe and determine the empirical relationship between the aspects of emotional burnout and existential fulfillment the lawyers. Research methodology: the methods of system analysis of data, generalization, comparison and hypothetico-deductive method were used. Empirical methods of the research: Mental Burnout Inventory (MBI) by K. Maslach, S. Jackson, "Existence Scale" (ESK) test by A. Lengle and K. Orgler. Scientific innovation of the research consists in the study of interrelations of emotional burnout and existential fulfillment the lawyers. Practical significance of the research lies in the fact that the obtained results of the study can be useful for scientific research and practical activity of psychologists in order to develop measures aimed at preventing the development of symptoms of emotional burnout. In the conducted empirical study, the hypothesis about the relationship between the phenomena in the sample of legal professionals was confirmed.
Synchronized Initiation of Two Cylindrical Rotating Detonation Engines
Authors: Sakata Rinpei , Inada Masahiro , Itouyama Noboru , Matsuoka Ken , Kasahara Jiro , Kawasaki Akira , Matsuo Akiko , Funaki Ikkoh
Published: June 2024

A coupled cylindrical rotating detonation engine (RDE) with two cylindrical RDEs (both combustors had a combustor inner diameter of 23 mm and an axial length of 30 mm) placed next to each other was tested for rocket clustering application. The objective of the experiment was to achieve two-engine synchronized initiation with a single igniter. Experiments were conducted on the inner wall of the combustors with different connecting-hole diameters and wall heights to evaluate the ignition delay time, combustion mode, and propulsion performance. The propellants were gaseous ethylene and oxygen, and experiments were conducted under constant conditions of mass flow rate ([Formula: see text]), equivalence ratio ([Formula: see text]), and backpressure (approximately 10 kPa). When the two combustion chambers were completely separated by a wall, ignition occurred with a time delay of 260 ms in the chamber without an igniter. However, when a large hole ([Formula: see text] diameter) was placed in the wall separating the two combustion chambers, synchronous initiation was successful. Synchronous initiation was also successful when the wall height was lowered (7-mm height). Under both conditions, the same level of specific impulse was achieved as for RDEs operating at the same mass flux.