bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Explore the Obstacles and Countermeasures of the Internationalization Development of Fujian Higher Vocational Colleges
Authors: Liang Minmin
Published: December 2024

The international development of higher vocational colleges is an important measure to promote the construction of a strong education country, serve the local economy and improve the quality of vocational education, which has important practical significance. Through the analysis of the current situation of higher vocational colleges in Zhejiang, Shandong, Jiangsu and Fujian provinces, it is found that Fujian province has deficiencies in the ability, vitality and motivation. Therefore, it is necessary to enhance the understanding of the strategy, theory and law of international development, strengthen the top-level design, establish an international policy system in line with local characteristics, and deeply explore the regional brand of "vocational education going overseas". These measures will help to break through the bottleneck of the international development of higher vocational colleges in Fujian Province.
Preface: 3rd International Conference on Economics, Mathematical Finance and Risk Management (EMFRM 2024)
Authors: Bennett Randolph , He Yong
Published: December 2024

The 2024 3rd International Conference on Economics, Mathematical Finance and Risk Management (EMFRM 2024) was successfully held during December 07-08, 2024 in Dubai, United Arab Emirates. This conference aims to bring together innovative scholars and experts in economic system, business statistics, mathematical finance, corporate governance, and risk management in a common forum. The main objective of EMFRM 2024 is to promote economic development research, another objective is to facilitate the exchange of scientific information among researchers, developers, engineers, students, and practitioners around the world.
We are confident that the participants benefited from the theoretical insights, practical knowledge, and personal contacts that will help them to build a long-term and sustainable communication among researchers and practitioners in related scientific areas. EMFRM 2024 invited scholars and experts from various universities to participate in the review and guidance of this conference. The conference focuses on the latest research fields, aims to provide an international cooperation and exchange platform for experts, scholars, and business managers to share their research achievements. This collection of proceedings compiles oral and paper presentations submitted by the authors and scrutinized by the special committee.
EMFRM Organizing Committees
Dubai, United Arab Emirates
Study on Scholarship Model of International Students in Developed Countries
Authors: Liu Jun
Published: December 2024

Through comparative analysis of scholarship characteristics, application conditions, application methods and main models of international students in major developed countries, the success of scholarship models of international students in major developed countries is summarized, which provides a certain degree of reference for the scholarship system of international students in other countries.
Etiology of Antisocial Personality Disorder: A Review of Brain Function and Childhood Experiences
Authors: Zhang Zining
Published: December 2024

Antisocial Personality Disorder (ASPD) is a psychological disorder in which an individual engages exclusively or significantly in the deliberate violating of, scamming, as well as violence against other people for their gain. This review aims to provide a comprehensive account of the recent developments regarding biological, neurocognitive, and neuropsychological factors and environmental risks related to ASPD. Neuroimaging studies have been conducted to assess brain function using voxel-based morphometry (VBM) and imaging of functional magnetic resonance (fMRI) to determine structural and functional changes that occur. Previous studies have recognized marked grey matter volume (GMV) disruptions in the prefrontal cortex, temporal lobes, parietal regions, and aberrant functional connectivity profiles — particularly between attention and default mode networks. Of the environmental factor, childhood trauma is crucial for leading to necessary support of ASPD phenotype with emotional or physical abuse during infancy, significantly contributing to risk-prediction capacity—the systematic review methodology involved six critical evaluations of the study on neurobiology and childhood ASPD risk factors. Consistent neuroimaging data on brain structure (grey matter volume reductions) and functional connectivity and the critical role of early life experiences in susceptibility to this disorder are shown throughout. In conclusion, ASPD's etiology is multifactorial, involving a complex interaction of biological and environmental factors. Understanding the neurological underpinnings and developmental experiences leading to ASPD can inform more targeted interventions and treatment strategies for at-risk individuals, highlighting the need for early detection and therapeutic approaches to address brain function deficits and childhood adversities.
Using Simplex Method to Maximize Profit for McDonald’s
Authors: Mao Zichen
Published: December 2024

Generally, the main purpose of a corporation or businessman is to maximize profit. Mathematically, a function of revenue, which consists of the prices and quantities of goods, is needed to achieve their goal. However, in reality, there are always some constraints or limitations that restricts production. For instance, the time needed to produce the goods, the number of raw materials prepared the space occupied by products and so on. In this article, an approach called the simplex method is introduced to solve this kind of problem. This method is straight and simple to understand and usually works when dealing with questions with inequalities and constraints. There are some drawbacks, though, such as the linearity and curvature of given functions and inequalities and the time required in a real situation. This essay will focus on problems that consist of only two variables and four constraints. The detailed explanations of introduction, detailed information of simplex method, and an application where an example of McDonald’s will be given. The limitations and conclusion are followed.
Students’ Flow-Experience in the College Physical Education Classroom
Authors: Liu Jingjing
Published: December 2024

In this study, "Flow" described the subjective psychological experience of college students during practice and exercise in physical education classes. So far, the term "flow" had been used to study the psychological state of athletes using Flow theory, making "flow" more suitable than terms like "fascinated" or "immersed," which is why it was employed in this paper. In this study, the "flow experience" related to the teaching of college physical education referred to the state of complete engagement of college students in the classroom, their enjoyment of course learning, and their internal motivation for learning.This study investigated the flow experiences of physical education majors, non-physical education students, and students involved in confrontational and non-confrontational sports courses at Bozhou University. It collected data on students' flow experiences, compared these across different groups, analyzed differences and correlations, and provided recommendations for enhancing flow experiences in physical education courses.
Exploration and Evaluation of Ctrip's Current Strategies Based on Strategic Decision Analysis Tools
Authors: Wang Yicheng
Published: December 2024

Tourism is one of today's focal research topics, primarily concentrating on an in-depth exploration of the multidimensional factors driving the development of the tourism industry, as well as new pathways towards high-quality growth. Meanwhile, Tourism as an important pillar of modern economy, its high-quality development path exploration is particularly important. Despite extensive academic research on tourism policies, market trends, and consumer behavior, there is still a significant lack of studies at the corporate level. This deficiency is particularly noticeable in areas such as operational model innovation, the implementation of sustainable development strategies, and the use of technology to enhance services. Consequently, this dissertation undertakes a study of Ctrip, analysing its current globalisation strategy, ESG sustainability strategy, and AI empowerment strategy using STP, PEST, and SWOT analysis theories. Through this analysis, Ctrip can clearly comprehend and deeply implement these three strategies, leverage their strengths, further promote corporate development, and contribute to the tourism industry.
Factors underlying anxiety and how self-control contributes to emotion regulation in adolescence
Authors: Zhang Jinzhi
Published: December 2024

Adolescence is a critical developmental stage marked by significant emotional and cognitive changes, often leading to increased anxiety. This study investigates the relationship between self-control, executive functions, and anxiety in adolescents through a series of experiments. First, a comprehensive questionnaire was administered to assess anxiety levels across various life domains, including family life, school environment, and academic pressure. Second, a Stroop task was used to measure selective attention and cognitive interference, key components of executive function. Third, an emotion-based memory task explored how emotional content affects memory performance, with a focus on the influence of anxiety on emotional memory processing. Results showed a strong correlation between self-control and anxiety, with higher anxiety levels leading to poorer performance in tasks requiring attention control and emotional memory. These findings suggest that training executive functions, particularly selective attention and emotional regulation, could be an effective intervention for reducing anxiety in adolescents. The study underscores the importance of self-control mechanisms in managing emotional challenges during adolescence.
Research on College Students’ Intercultural Communication Competence from the Perspective of Ecological Teaching
Authors: Li Xinmei
Published: December 2024

In light of the significance of fostering intercultural communicative competence (ICC) in the context of globalisation, this study presents an analysis of the current level of ICC among college students and its influencing factors by the findings of student interviews. Based on the ecological view of teaching, recommendations are put forth with the aim of enhancing teachers' pedagogical approaches and facilitating the transition of English teaching towards an ecological model. This will, in turn, contribute to the enhancement of college students' ICC. This study provides valuable guidance for the development of an ecological model of English teaching and its practical implementation, as well as for the enhancement of ICC among college students.
SWOT Analysis of the Strawberry Music Festival: Assessing Internal and External Market Environment in the Chinese Market
Authors: Hu Zheng , Yang Qianhui
Published: December 2024

Through an in-depth SWOT analysis of the Strawberry Music Festival, one of the most influential music festival brands in China, the typical characteristics of the main players in the domestic music festival market and the market environment faced by these market players are revealed. The diversity of music styles, the preferences of young consumers and the multi-regional coverage of music festivals are identified as the typical competitiveness of music festival brands, while the further application of electronic technology in live performances and the growing influence of overseas singers are new trends and opportunities in the music festival market. On the other hand, the analysis points out that the ability to control weather risks, the ability to control quality in different regions and the ability to control operating costs are shortcomings of Strawberry Music Festival, which deserves the attention of other market participants. At the same time, the growing concerns about personal and property safety in society and the participation of more competitors are becoming major market threats. While giving more support to the cultural industry, national policies have also put forward higher requirements for the approval, ticketing and on-site control of music performances, which promotes further competition in the market. Due to the singleness of the research object, future research should supplement the research on different types of music festival brands to obtain a more comprehensive insight into the Chinese music festival market.
Study on the Interactive Relationship Between Educational Equality and National Development: Educational Gender Differences as Examples
Authors: Song Yunfei
Published: December 2024

Gender disparities in education persist in the 21st century despite significant economic and societal advancements, leading to a negative impact on general education and educational equity. This essay explores the intricate relationship between gender gaps in education and their broader economic and societal development implications. The analysis highlights how disparities in educational access and outcomes between genders influence workforce participation, income equality, and overall economic growth by examining various global contexts. Preserving educational equality also heavily depends on economic stability and national progress. It also considers the role of cultural norms and policies in shaping educational opportunities, demonstrating that equitable education for all genders fosters innovation, social cohesion, and sustainable development. Ultimately, the essay argues that addressing gender gaps in education is an issue of social justice, an important factor in societal advancement and economic prosperity, and a cause that should receive more national support as well as the creation and revision of pertinent policies.
Reform and Practice of Teaching Models for Financial Experiment Courses from the Perspective of Industry-University-Research Integration
Authors: Wu Shan , Wang Zaicheng , Zhou Yuqin
Published: December 2024

Under the background of industry-university-research integration, the teaching model of financial experiment courses in universities needs innovation and optimization to cultivate high-quality, multidisciplinary talents capable of meeting the demands of the modern financial industry. This study, adopting the perspective of industry-university-research integration, deeply analyzes the issues in teaching objectives, content design, teaching methods, and evaluation mechanisms of financial experiment courses. It proposes measures such as strengthening university-enterprise cooperation, introducing financial technology tools, optimizing teaching content, improving teachers' practical experience, and reforming assessment methods to construct a practice-oriented teaching model. Using a case study of financial experiment course reform in a university, the research explores specific implementation paths to incorporate real financial data, industry cases, simulated trading platforms, and innovative projects into teaching. It emphasizes the comprehensive development of students' practical abilities, innovative thinking, and overall qualities. The results show that the reform of the teaching model through deep integration of industry, academia, and research significantly enhances students' financial practice skills and innovation awareness while effectively bridging the gap between academic education and industry needs. This provides theoretical and practical support for the reform of experimental courses in financial disciplines.
Application of silicon nanotechnology in lithium-ion battery anodes
Authors: Wu Shangxi
Published: December 2024

The lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) are considered one of the significant parts of an electric vehicle and have become a hot research topic regarding how to improve the lifespan and energy capacity of lithium-ion batteries. Silicon, which has excellent electric conductivity and high specific capacity, could vastly improve performance and electric conductivity compared with graphite-based lithium-ion batteries. However, the issue of silicon volume expansion and the formation of solid electrolytes hinder the use of pure silicon as anodes. With the prevalence of nanotechnology, using silicon as a marvelous substitute for graphite anodes is possible again as silicon nanotechnology could dramatically alleviate the volume expansion issue and improve the performance on a large scale. As a result, the application of silicon nanotechnology in lithium-ion batteries seems promising in the next several years. In this paper, the working principle of LIBs is first summarized. Then, the shortcomings of current silicon-based materials as negative electrodes are presented. Finally, the application of nanotechnology in the negative electrode of silicon-based LIBs is discussed, highlighting the role of different dimensions of silicon nanomaterials in LIBs.
Regression Forecast of Hong Kong Passenger Flow Based on Baidu Index
Authors: Hua Tianhao
Published: December 2024

Accurate forecasting of tourist arrivals is crucial for rational planning and resource allocation in the urban tourism industry. In recent years, scholars have found that web search data is correlated with tourism demand, providing new opportunities for such forecasting. This study aims to improve the accuracy of forecasting Hong Kong tourist arrivals by utilizing web search data and advanced machine learning methods. First, this paper employs large-scale web crawling techniques to collect text data related to Hong Kong tourism and applies the Latent Dirichlet Allocation (LDA) model to extract 15 key keywords. Subsequently, based on the search popularity data of these keywords on the Baidu Index, the study employs the ARIMA model and the Elastic Net Regression algorithm respectively for tourist arrival forecasting and compares the performance of the two models. The results show that compared to the traditional ARIMA model, the Elastic Net Regression performs better on multiple key indicators: 1) The Mean Squared Error (MSE) and Root Mean Squared Error (RMSE) of forecasting total visitor arrivals and overnight visitors are significantly smaller for the Elastic Net Regression; 2) The coefficient of determination (R²) of the Elastic Net Regression is also substantially higher than the ARIMA model, indicating stronger data fitting capability; 3) The Elastic Net Regression maintains a small error gap between the training and test sets, suggesting good generalization performance without obvious overfitting. Overall, the method of using web search data to assist tourist arrival forecasting outperforms traditional time series analysis and can improve forecasting accuracy.
Study on the Permeation of Intercultural Communicative Competence in Secondary School English Reading Instruction
Authors: Xia Conghui
Published: December 2024

In today’s interconnected world, fostering intercultural communicative competence (ICC) has become a critical goal of English education, with reading instruction serving as a key medium to achieve this aim. However, secondary school English curricula often prioritize linguistic skills over cultural understanding, leaving students underprepared for global communication. This study explores the integration of ICC into secondary school English reading instruction, addressing theoretical frameworks, existing challenges, and practical strategies for embedding cultural learning into reading practices. The research highlights the necessity of selecting culturally diverse reading materials, designing interactive and reflective tasks, and employing multidimensional assessment systems to cultivate students’ cultural awareness alongside language proficiency. By analyzing gaps in current practices, such as limited cultural representation in materials and insufficient teacher training, the study proposes actionable approaches tailored to the needs of secondary education. These strategies not only enhance students’ reading comprehension but also equip them to navigate complex intercultural interactions. This study concludes by emphasizing the importance of expanding cultural content, conducting empirical research to validate proposed methods, and exploring interdisciplinary approaches to strengthen ICC integration. The findings aim to provide educators, curriculum developers, and policymakers with practical guidance to foster globally competent learners capable of engaging in meaningful intercultural communication.
The Risks of TikTok in the Context of Digital Sovereignty: A Case Study of the U.S. Ban on TikTok
Authors: Liu Yuquan
Published: December 2024

TikTok stands out as the top choice for digital social networking among the youth in the United States, despite being viewed by the U.S. authorities as a potential risk to the nation's security. Over the past few years, the concept of digital sovereignty has gained prominence, with growing global interest and scrutiny from the international community regarding this matter. This article organizes the relevant concepts of digital sovereignty, discusses geopolitics and digital boundaries, reviews the ban on TikTok in the United States, and combines the background of digital sovereignty with the ban on TikTok to draw a conclusion: TikTok poses a threat to the U.S. government and society in terms of data collection, algorithmic control, and political influence, and these threats are part of the background of digital sovereignty. Ultimately, this article calls for a joint effort from the international community to balance the relationship between data security, freedom of information, and technological innovation, and to strengthen the emphasis on the issue of digital sovereignty.
KNOWLEDGE ABOUT CERVICAL CANCER AND PAP SMEAR AND THE FACTORS INFLUENCING THE PAP TEST SCREENING AMONG SHAIKH ZAID WOMEN HOSPITAL
Authors: WAGAN S , NAWAZ A , ARIJO M , GHAZALA . , SHAIKH S , SHAIKH S
Published: December 2024

Cervical cancer remains one of the most preventable types of cancer, with a strong link to persistent infection by certain high-risk strains of the Human Papillomavirus (HPV). Objective: The main objective of the study is to find knowledge about cervical cancer and pap smears and the factors influencing Pap test screening at Shaikh Zaid Women's Hospital. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted at Sheikh Zayed Women's Hospital Larkana OPD from January 2024 to June 2024. A total sample size of 250 women was selected using a convenient sampling technique. Patients aged 18 years and above who were willing to participate in the study and provided informed consent. Women who had undergone a hysterectomy or had a known history of cervical cancer were excluded from the study. Results: Data were collected from 250 patients. The demographic analysis revealed that the majority of participants were between the ages of 18-29 years (45%), followed by those aged 30-39 years (32%). Most women had secondary education (55%), with a smaller proportion having higher education (35%) or primary education (10%). The majority of participants were married (80%), and a significant number had an income level below the national median (70%). The screening-related data revealed that while 65% of participants had heard of the Pap smear test, only 40% had actually undergone it. Among those who had undergone a Pap smear, 60% had done so within the past year, 30% in the last 2-3 years, and 10% had waited more than 3 years. Conclusion: It is concluded that the uptake of Pap smear screening among women at Sheikh Zayed Women Hospital in Larkana is influenced by factors such as awareness, education, income, and emotional barriers. Despite general awareness of cervical cancer, significant barriers like fear, stigma, and financial constraints hinder participation.
IODINE AND SELENIUM BIOFORTIFICATION OF MICROGREENS (SPINACH) TO ALLEVIATE MINERAL NUTRIENT DEFICIENCY
Authors: ABBAS T , ALTAF K , TASADAQ M , ANJUM S , HUSSAIN S , AHMAD W , KHAN AA , YOUNAS HS
Published: December 2024

Iodine (I) and Selenium (Se) are essential nutrients for the proper functioning of human and plant bodies. This study aimed to optimize the application method and dose/rate of nutrients for spinach biofortification to better serve human health and may prove more economical than adding these nutrients in supplements. The trial was conducted at the growth room, Department of Horticulture, University of Layyah, Layyah. Seed of spinach was procured from a certified agency and directly sown in the trays (2 inches deep). This study employed a total of three concentrations of two distinct nutrient treatments (I and Se) as well as a control, applied as basal and foliar spray methods. Each treatment was replicated thrice, each replication with a tray. The end product was analyzed for different attributes like morphological parameters, biochemical parameters (Total soluble solids, Vitamin C, acidity, carotenoids, chlorophyll contents, lipophilic antioxidant (LPA), starch contents, amino acids, carotenoids, flavonoids, and phenolic contents) and ionic contents (I and Se). Our results indicated that supplementation of I @ 2.5mg/L and Se @ 1mg/L concentration is optimal for maintaining the normal growth of plants and promoting the major I and Se concentration in the edible part of spinach. Thus, it could be proposed that the growth of spinach under I @ 2.5mg/L iodine can amount to 208µg and 238µg and Se ranged from 215.09µg and 186.51µg in shoots and roots, which can match the 150µg day-1 and 55 µg day-1 dietary iodine and selenium allowance recommended by WHO.
KNOWLEDGE ATTITUDE AND PRACTICES OF NURSES REGARDING NURSING DOCUMENTATION
Authors: HUSSAIN M , SADDIQUE H , JABEEN R
Published: December 2024

Nursing documentation is a critical component of patient care, yet gaps in knowledge and practices can compromise its effectiveness. This study aimed to assess the knowledge, attitudes, and practices of nurses regarding nursing documentation in a tertiary care hospital in Lahore, Pakistan. Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted among 155 nurses. Data were collected using a structured questionnaire covering demographic characteristics, knowledge, attitudes, and practices related to nursing documentation. Descriptive and inferential analyses were performed using SPSS version 26. Results: While nurses exhibited positive attitudes toward the importance of nursing documentation, significant gaps were identified in knowledge and practices. Only 25.8% recognized the risks associated with non-standard abbreviations, and 54.2% failed to document significant communications with patients’ families. Nurses with higher qualifications and more years of experience demonstrated better knowledge and adherence to documentation protocols. Conclusion: The findings underscore the need for targeted training programs, institutional support, and standardized guidelines to address gaps in nursing documentation practices. These interventions are crucial for enhancing documentation quality, ensuring continuity of care, and improving patient safety.
NURSES’ KNOWLEDGE, ATTITUDE AND PRACTICE TOWARDS THE ADMINISTRATION OF OXYGEN THERAPYTHE CRITICALLY ILL PATIENTS
Authors: SADIQULLAH . , SADDIQUE H , JABEEN R
Published: December 2024

Oxygen therapy is a vital intervention in critical care, but its administration requires adequate knowledge and adherence to protocols to ensure patient safety. This study aimed to assess the knowledge, attitudes, and practices of nurses regarding oxygen therapy in a tertiary care hospital in Pakistan. Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted among 124 nurses. Data were collected using a structured questionnaire and analyzed using SPSS version 26. Descriptive statistics were used to summarize the data, and associations between demographic factors and knowledge or practices were examined. Results: The findings revealed that while nurses demonstrated positive attitudes toward oxygen therapy, significant gaps in knowledge and inconsistent practices were observed. Only a portion of the participants exhibited an adequate understanding of advanced concepts such as oxygen titration and hyperoxia risks. Nurses with higher qualifications and greater clinical experience were more likely to adhere to best practices. Barriers such as limited resources, high patient loads, and lack of training programs were identified. Conclusion: There are critical gaps in the knowledge and practices of nurses regarding oxygen therapy in critical care. Targeted educational interventions, standardized guidelines, and improved access to resources are essential to enhance nurses’ competency and ensure optimal patient outcomes.
Evaluación y caracterización fisicoquímica, nutracéutica, microbiológica y sensorial de una bebida formulada a partir de subproductos agroindustriales
Authors: Torres Alvarez Cynthia , Gutiérrez Soto Juanita Guadalupe , Almaraz Juárez Marco Antonio , Niño Medina Guillermo , Castillo Hernández Sandra , RODRIGUEZ SALINAS PABLO ALAN
Published: December 2024

En la actualidad, la agroindustria del queso y juguera producen subproductos como el lactosuero y bagazo de naranja que son desechados y desperdiciados ocasionando contaminación ambiental. Debido a lo anterior, el objetivo de esta investigación fue desarrollar una bebida, a partir del lactosuero y bagazo de naranja. Se evaluaron parámetros fisicoquímicos (pH, acidez, densidad y °Brix), la calidad nutracéutica (compuestos fenólicos totales, flavonoides totales, DPPH y ABTS), composición química (proteína, grasa, fibra), calidad microbiológica (mesófilos aerobios, coliformes, bacterias acidolácticas, bacterias psicrófilas, hongos y levaduras), propiedades reológicas y calidad sensorial durante su almacenamiento. Los resultados obtenidos de densidad (1.05 g mL-1), °Brix (13.6), pH (4.8) y acidez (0.79 g L-1), microbiológicos y viscosidad se mantuvieron constantes. Los valores obtenidos en la composición química se mostraron en porcentajes bajos; el contenido promedio de compuestos fenólicos totales (2611.46 mg EAG L-1), capacidad antioxidante DPPH (573.59 µmol ET L-1) y ABTS (5288.78 µmol ET L-1) disminuyeron durante el almacenamiento. Asimismo, la bebida en cuanto a color, sabor, olor, textura y apariencia obtuvo una aceptabilidad sensorial media. El suero dulce de leche y el subproducto del jugo de naranja pueden ser aprovechados como materias primas económicas para desarrollar nuevos productos alimenticios.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.54167/tch.v18i4.1678
Deployment of Hybrid Chaotic Hashes for Blockchain Driven Internet 4.0 applications
Authors:   Assistant Professor and Research Scholar, Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Anurag University, Hyderabad, Telangana 500088, India, P. P. ,   Associate Professor and Head, Department of Artificial Intelligence, Anurag University, Hyderabad, Telangana 500088, India, Reddy A. Mallikarjuna
Published: December 2024

The evolution of Internet 4.0 demands robust, secure, and scalable solutions to meet the growing needs of digital transactions and interconnectivity, and blockchain technology has emerged as a foundational enabler for these applications. However, blockchain's reliance on traditional cryptographic methods presents vulnerabilities that can be exploited in increasingly sophisticated cyber landscapes. This paper introduces the deployment of Hybrid Chaotic Hashes for enhanced security and efficiency in blockchain-driven Internet 4.0 applications. By integrating chaotic systems with hash functions, hybrid chaotic hashes provide a more unpredictable, complex cryptographic layer that enhances data integrity, confidentiality, and resistance to attacks. The unique properties of chaotic functions—nonlinearity, ergodicity, and sensitivity to initial conditions—make them advantageous for hashing in blockchain environments. This study highlights the practical applicability and resilience of hybrid chaotic hashes which is nonlinear technique in Internet 4.0.
Automated validated tool for epileptic seizure detection using deep learning
Authors:   Computer Teacher Department, Faculty of Specific Education, Mansoura, Egypt, Mahy Mahy ,   Computer Teacher Department, Faculty of Specific Education, Mansoura, Egypt,   NeurologyDepartment, Faculty of medicine, Mansoura, Egypt,   Computer Teacher Department, Faculty of Specific Education, Mansoura, Egypt, Elgamal A. F. , Elmenshawi I. , Abdelkader Hanan E.
Published: December 2024

This paper explores an innovative approach for the automatic detection of epileptic seizures from audio recordings and Heart Rate Variability (HRV) using Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs). In medical settings, accurately labeling seizure events is critical for patient monitoring. However, manual annotation by experts is not only time-intensive but also highly repetitive. To address this challenge, we developed a structured questionnaire for patients and eyewitnesses, concentrating on observable characteristics during typical seizure events. This questionnaire was used to prospectively study 198 consecutive adult patients with either Psychogenic Non-Epileptic Seizures (PNES) or Epileptic Seizures (ES). For each question, specific signs, symptoms, and risk factors were extracted as variables. The results showed a sensitivity of 95.10% and a specificity of 97.06%, confirming the reliability of the questionnaire. Also, the method proposed in the study categorizes all seizure vocalizations into a singular target event class, modeling the detection task as a binary classification problem target (seizure event) vs. non-target (non-seizure event). The CNN is trained to detect seizure events in short time frames. Experimental results indicate that the method achieves over 92.5% detection accuracy. Furthermore, the research leverages the correlation between pre-ictal epileptic states and HRV features. By addressing the noise interference commonly present during seizures, the proposed model can robustly train the CNN to identify pre-ictal states. The model's performance is promising, yielding an accuracy of over 91.5% for both positive and negative predictions. The proposed system underwent a human evaluation by a group of physicians at Mansoura University Hospital. The results were highly satisfactory, with the doctors expressing strong approval of the system's performance.
Optimized KNN Algorithm for Diabetic Retinopathy Classification with PCA-Based Data Fusion and Cuckoo Search Optimization
Authors:   University Headquarter, Department of Human Resources, University Of Anbar, Anbar, Iraq, Ali Ali ,   College of Computer Science and Information Technology, University Of Anbar, Anbar, Iraq,   Department of Artificial Intelligence, College of Computer Science and Information Technology, University of Anbar, Anbar, Iraq, Abdalkafor Ahmed Subhi , Nafea Ahmed Adil
Published: December 2024

Diabetes is a disease that occurs when the body is unable to use the insulin it produces effectively or the body fails to produce enough insulin. One of the most important complications of this disease is diabetic retinopathy (DR), which is considered the main cause of severe visual impairment and blindness. Previous studies have proven that the KNN algorithm is an effective algorithm for solving classification and prediction problems, as the performance of this algorithm rely on determining the value of the K parameter because the inappropriate choice of this value can negatively affect the accuracy of classification. On the other hand, adjusting this value manually is very difficult because this value depends on the state of determining the solution to the problem each time. Therefore, there is still an urgent need to use smart algorithms to adjust this value and obtain an ideal value that ultimately leads to obtaining a very high classification accuracy. In this paper, the Cuckoo Search algorithm was used, which is considered one of the smart and modern algorithms in the field of diagnosis, in addition to applying more than one technique and algorithm to build an integrated system to enhance the accuracy of diagnosis and obtain competitive diagnostic accuracy. The proposed work was implemented using the Debrecen diabetic retinopathy dataset and competitive results were obtained for recall, sensitivity, precision, F1 score, accuracy and specificity (98.05%), (97.30%), (99.01%), (98.70%), (99.70%), and (99.08%), respectively. Our results demonstrate that the Cuckoo Search algorithm is an effective and suitable choice for optimizing the parameters in the KNN algorithm, in addition to enhancing this algorithm to diagnose the disease early and support direct intervention and treatment, and this method lays the foundation for diagnosing other diseases and thus improving patient care in most related fields.
Deep Learning for Multi-Label Facial Attribute Classification on Large-Scale Image Datasets (CelebA)
Authors:   Ministry of Education, Wasit Education Directorate, Iraq, Oday Oday ,   Ministry of Education, Wasit Education Directorate, Iraq,   Ministry of Education, Wasit Education Directorate, Iraq,   Ministry of Education, Wasit Education Directorate, Iraq, Muter Bushra Majeed , Shnan Fatima Hameed , Hassen Oday Ali
Published: December 2024

The exponential growth of data in recent years has led to an increasing demand for advanced techniques, especially those that work on large and complex data. This has given deep learning a significant advance in dealing with the tasks of analyzing, improving, and distinguishing big data. Our research focused on CNNs from this data and applying deep learning algorithms and their analysis to a large-scale image dataset. More specifically, our research focused on a dataset called CelebA, which contains more than 200,000 face images annotated with 40 binary facial features. It is a multi-label classification model based on the ResNet-50 architecture that has been fine-tuned to predict different facial features and hair color such as age, gender, and facial expressions. It was also trained using data augmentation, taking into account pose differences and background clutter to reduce imbalance between classes. These results reflect very strong predictive performance, with an average mean accuracy of 0.86 and an overall F1 score of 0.81 across all features. Attributes identified by clear visual cues—for example, “smiling,” “male ”and“ wearing lipstick”—were highly accurate, while less obvious attributes such as “big lips” and “narrow eyes” were more difficult to classify. We would like to point out that the results demonstrate the high efficiency of using deep learning models for multi-label classification on big data while solving problems associated with class imbalance and overfitting models. This research leads to the larger general field of big data analytics; in particular, it demonstrates how deep learning can be efficiently applied to large image datasets for automatic attribute recognition. It also opens up potential applications in areas such as biometric identification, surveillance, and human-computer interaction.
Транснациональный характер преступности в киберпространстве
Authors: Саркисян А.Ж.
Published: December 2024

В статье рассматривается транснациональный характер преступности в киберпространстве, который связан с формированием глобального информационного пространства. Описываются основные угрозы национальной и международной безопасности, вызванные киберпреступностью. Даётся определение транснациональной киберпреступности, и выделяются её особенности. Проводится сравнительная оценка уровня киберугроз в России и других странах, а также анализируется экономический ущерб от киберпреступлений. Рассматриваются основные источники киберугроз, критические проблемы и технологии, используемые киберпреступниками. Прогнозируются возможные угрозы в свете внедрения систем искусственного интеллекта. Проводится анализ действующих уголовно-правовых норм в России, Германии и Франции, запрещающих противоправную деятельность в сети Интернет.

The article examines the transnational nature of cybercrime, which is associated with the formation of a global information space. The main threats to national and international security caused by cybercrime are described. The definition of transnational cybercrime is given, and its features are highlighted. A comparative assessment of the level of cyber threats in Russia and other countries is carried out, as well as an analysis of the economic damage from cybercrimes. The main sources of cyber threats, critical problems and technologies used by cybercriminals are considered. Possible threats in the light of the introduction of artificial intelligence systems are forecasted. The analysis of the current criminal law norms in Russia, Germany and France prohibiting illegal activities on the Internet is conducted.
Современные тенденции преступности мигрантов
Authors: Гончарова М.В. , Шиян В.И.
Published: December 2024

В современную эпоху геополитической нестабильности, разрушения однополярного мира и перехода к многополярности, угроз военно-политического характера, использования новейших информационно-коммуникационных, энергетических, биологических технологий и нанотехнологий во всех сферах общественной жизни, в том числе и криминальной, не утрачивает своей актуальности противодействие преступности мигрантов. Несмотря на общую тенденцию снижения, для исследуемого вида преступности характерны рост числа особо тяжких преступлений, преступлений против половой неприкосновенности и половой свободы личности, экономической направленности, в сфере незаконного оборота наркотиков, экстремистского характера, а также совершенных с использованием информационно-телекоммуникационных технологий. Цель исследования: на основе анализа доктринальных положений науки криминологии, норм уголовного законодательства и ведомственной статистической отчетности ФКУ «ГИАЦ МВД России» (формы № 491, 492 и 494 за период с 2019 по 2023 годы) оценить современные тенденции преступности мигрантов. Методы. Исследование базируется на использовании общенаучных (наблюдение, анализ, синтез, индукция, дедукция, гипотеза, обобщение, системный подход) и частнонаучных методов познания (статистический, математический, формально-юридический, сравнительно-правовой, контент-анализ документов). Результаты. Выявлены современные тенденции преступности мигрантов. Обоснована актуальность противодействия преступности мигрантов. Обращено внимание на повышение эффективности мер предупреждения. Сделан краткосрочный прогноз.

In the modern era of geopolitical instability, the destruction of the unipolar world and the transition to multipolarity, threats of a military-political nature, the use of the latest information and communication, energy, biological technologies and nanotechnologies in all spheres of public life, including criminal, countering the crime of migrants does not lose its relevance. Despite the general downward trend, the type of crime under study is characterized by an increase in the number of especially serious crimes, crimes against sexual inviolability and sexual freedom of the individual, economic ones, in the field of drug trafficking, extremist nature, as well as those committed with the use of information and telecommunication technologies. The purpose of the study: based on the analysis of the doctrinal provisions of the science of criminology, the norms of criminal law and departmental statistical reporting, to assess current trends in migrant crime. Methods. The research is based on the use of general scientific (observation, analysis, synthesis, induction, deduction, hypothesis, generalization, systematic approach) and private scientific methods of cognition (statistical, mathematical, formal legal, comparative legal, content analysis of documents). Outcomes. Current trends in migrant crime are revealed. The relevance of countering migrant crime is substantiated. Attention was paid to improving the effectiveness of preventive measures. A short-term forecast has been made.
Conservation Problems of Wall Paintings Within the Architectural Heritage
Authors:   Independent researcher, Zarian Ara
Published: December 2024

The Armenian legislation is currently protecting and preserving architectural monuments, archaeological sites, and minors’ artistic forms of art like xač‘k‘ars. Unfortunately, there are several cases of precious wall paintings preserved inside religious buildings (Tat‘ev, Lmbatavank‘, K‘obayr, Mastarà) being damaged during architectural monument restoration. In recent years, there has been a lot of interest in study, conservation, and restoration of wall paintings in Armenian churches; however, there is one terrible reality to report: the neglect and abandonment of the protection and safeguarding of visible wall paintings for many bureaucratic and logistical reasons, as well as reasons for complete indifference for the destiny of the frescoes. A significant illustration of this negative attitude is the chapel of the Armenian monastery of K‘obayr. After many years of abandonment, the Armenian Ministry of Education, Science, Culture and Sport made a move and began a campaign of studies and restorations in collaboration with the Polytechnic of Milan, to restore the buildings and wall paintings. Restoration work on the K‘obayr chapel has been put on hold since 2013 due to inadequate administrative administration. As a result, the chapel's single nave's double-pitched roof, which is incomplete has remained exposed for the past 10 years, and rainwater infiltration formed a lovely part of the wall paintings. Our four years of endless reports and reminders have yielded nothing. The purpose of this article is to show once again, that the wall paintings in Armenian churches are historical monuments that must be safeguarded and are an inseparable key component of each existing church's monumental architectural heritage; consequently, they must be protected.
Transformative Effects of Salinity on Sebkha Soil Properties: Unveiling Strength, Structure, and Stability through Advanced Remediation Strategies
Authors:   University of Ferhat Abbas Setif 1, Benrebouh Imed , Douadi Abdellah , Hafhouf Ilyas , Merdas Abdelghani , Meguellati Abderrahim
Published: December 2024

This study investigates the effects of varying salinity levels on sebkha soils, focusing on their physical, mechanical, and chemical properties. Soil samples were collected from Tin silt sebkha in Ain M'lila across three different seasons, resulting in high salinity soil (HSS), medium salinity soil (MSS), and low salinity soil (LSS). The grain size distribution curves reveal that 70% of grains in both HSS and LSS have diameters less than 60 µm, with LSS containing 19% more particles smaller than 20 µm compared to HSS. Unconfined compressive strength (UCS) measurements show a significant decrease from 1100 kPa in LSS to 200 kPa in HSS, with corresponding peak strains increasing from 2.3% to 4.7%. Chemical analysis indicates that pH decreases from 8.17 in LSS to 6.79 in HSS, reflecting increased soil acidity with higher salinity. SEM images demonstrate that higher salinity results in a denser soil structure due to salt cementation, whereas lower salinity soils exhibit more micropores. The study highlights the need for comprehensive models integrating these properties to enhance predictive capabilities and inform effective soil management. Future research should explore remediation strategies using additives to improve soil strength and stability, addressing the challenges posed by salt dissolution and soil degradation.