bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The TRANSNephro-study examining a new transition model for post-kidney transplant adolescents - Results of a multicenter, randomized-controlled trial
Authors: Kreuzer Martin , Prüfe Jenny , Dierks Marie-Luise , Müther Silvia , Bethe Dirk , Büscher Anja , Heindl-Rusai Krisztina , Hollenbach Sabine , Hoppe Bernd , John-Kroegel Ulrike , Kanzelmeyer Nele , Klaus Günter , Kranz Birgitta , Oh Jun , Pohl Martin , Rieger Susanne , Ruckenbrodt Bettina , Sauerstein Katja , Staude Hagen , Taylan Christina , Thumfart Julia , Weitz Marcus , Ringlstetter Rieke , Großhennig Anika , Pape Lars
Published: June 2024

Allograft loss after pediatric kidney transplantation (KTx) is highest in adolescents and young adults. Non-adherence and Health Care Transition (HCT) are important factors, but others do also contribute.
Patients were randomized 1:1. The intervention group (IG) included a central case manager, a communication app, and joined transition rounds for one year before and one after transfer. Primary endpoint was the coefficient of variation (CoV) of the trough level of the calcineurin inhibitor as a surrogate marker for medication adherence associated with graft loss. Least square (LS) mean differences and corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were estimated using an ANCOVA model.
220 patients were assessed for eligibility. 49 patients were randomized to the intervention group and 53 to the control group (CG). We analyzed 84 patients in the modified intention-to-treat analysis (38IG,46CG) and 60 in the per protocol analysis (25IG,35CG) No difference in CoV was observed. We saw low numbers of graft-related events and observed no differences with respect to quality of life.
BTP did not improve adherence and other outcome parameters. Non-adherent patients may have decided not to take part, as adherence of participants was already good at study start. It thus is a future challenge to design multicenter trials on HCT that include multiple interventions.
Pancreatic Tuberculosis: Arterial Infusion of Isoniazid as an Adjunct to Oral Antituberculosis Medications Has Demonstrated Promising Therapeutic Efficacy
Authors: Li Yipan , He Sicheng , Ding Xun , Zhou Jun , Zhai Yan , Lu Wei
Published: June 2024

Background
Isolated pancreatic tuberculosis is a rare manifestation of Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection in the human body, presenting substantial challenges in clinical diagnosis and treatment. This report details a case characterized by a space-occupying lesion in the pancreas.
CASE presentation
A 35-year-old male presented at our medical center with upper abdominal distension and pain. Pre- and post-admission Computed Tomography (CT) and Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) scans revealed a pronounced ring-enhanced mass at the head of the pancreas, compressing the adjacent common bile duct. Additional findings included multiple enlarged lymph nodes near the lesion. Initially, the imaging department suggested a pancreatic neuroendocrine tumor. Despite no known tuberculosis exposure and negative laboratory and DNA tests for tuberculosis bacilli, except for a positive tuberculin skin test, the lesion was ultimately identified as a pancreatic tuberculous granuloma through endoscopic ultrasound-guided fine needle aspiration. Given the granuloma's rich arterial blood supply, we performed pancreaticoduodenal artery angiography and locally infused anti-tuberculosis drugs to reduce the patient's abdominal pain. The patient then began standard oral anti-tuberculosis therapy. Follow-up evaluations at 4 and 7 months showed continuous reduction in the size of the lesion, relieving pressure on nearby structures and causing no discomfort to the patient.
Conclusions
When imaging and laboratory tests cannot distinguish isolated pancreatic tuberculosis lesions from pancreatic cystic tumors, endoscopic ultrasound-guided fine needle aspiration should be considered. Local arterial infusion of isoniazid, while monitoring for hepatotoxicity, has proven highly effective in promptly reducing clinical symptoms in patients. Combined with conventional oral antituberculosis drug therapy, the long-term prognosis for patients appears favorable.
A case series study of the preauricular transmasseteric approach as novel option for mandibular condyle fractures
Authors: Ramos Guilherme Veloso , Coelho Luiza Vale , Parpinelli Bruno César , DDS Clarina Louis Silva Meira , Amaral Marcio Bruno Figueiredo , DDS Roger Lanes Silveira
Published: June 2024

Objective
The aim of this study was to describe the outcomes of the novel pre-auricular approach with transmasseteric dissection in patients submitted to surgical reduction and fixation of mandibular condyle fractures.
Method
The present study was conducted at a level 1 trauma center in Brazil, in which patients undergoing the pre-auricular approach with transmasseteric dissection for access and fixation of extracapsular mandibular condyle fractures, as well as complications rates. The patients were followed up for at least 180 days.
Results
Twenty patients diagnosed with extracapsular mandibular condyle fractures were included in the study. All patients were submitted to surgical reduction and internal fixation of the fractures through the pre-auricular approach with transmasseteric dissection. No Trans operative complications were observed. Temporary palsy of facial nerve branches was encountered in 25% of cases. Only one patient (5%) had permanent facial palsy, and one patient had (5%) salivary fistula. Following the procedure, majority of patients presented occlusal stability, and 95% showed restoration of mandibular movements.
Conclusion
The PATD surgical approach seems to be safe and reliable, with low complication rates. PATD can be an alternative surgical approach for management of neck condylar fractures. In the other hand, randomized clinical trials should be performed comparing different surgical approaches for the mandibular condyle fractures.
Twelve-year experience of pineal region meningiomas: Long-term outcomes of maximal safe resection
Authors: He Wenbo , Chen Zhouhaoran , Xu Chongxi , Hou Jingxuan , Chen Yuchen , Zheng Datong , Xu Jianguo , Hu Yu
Published: June 2024

Purpose The purpose of this research was to summarize the clinical and prognostic features of penial region meningiomas, evaluate treatment strategies and long-term prognoses, and improve the management of penial region meningiomas.
Methods We retrospectively studied the data of 37 patients who received surgical resection for penial region meningiomas at West China Hospital of Sichuan University from 2009 to 2021. Adjuvant gamma knife radiosurgery (GKRS) was conducted according to the extent of resection (EOR). Progression-free survival (PFS), Karnofsky performance status (KPS) scores and recovery of neurological function were adopted to assess a comprehensive management strategy for penial region meningiomas.
Results The most common symptom was intracranial hypertension associated with obstructive hydrocephalus (75.7%). The Poppen approach (40.5%) and Krause approach (29.7%) were performed in most cases. Gross total resection (GTR) was achieved in 27 patients (73.0%) and the remaining patients were treated with subtotal resection (STR) combined with postoperative GKRS. With a mean follow-up period of 87.0 months, the progression rate was 10%, the 5-year PFS rate was 92.9%, and the ΔKPS was 15.3. Multivariate analysis revealed that the STR+GKRS and Krause approach were beneficial to the recovery of quality of life of patients.
Conclusion Pineal region meningiomas are sporadic but challenging. It is necessary to select the most appropriate surgical approach, EOR, and hydrocephalus treatment strategy for patients with pineal region meningiomas. Maximal safe resection to protect neurovascular function combined with postoperative GKRS can significantly improve the quality of life of patients.
Potential neurological impact of Anterior Cerebral-Anterior Communicating Artery complex: A morphological study.
Authors: Saha Saha A Anubha , Bhattacharya Bhattacharya A Alipta , Ghosh Paul Ghosh S Satarupa Paul , Roy Roy S Sanchita
Published: June 2024

Purpose: Variations of circle of Willis are not rare. Study is done with an aim to assess the pattern of the component vessels of its anterior part with regard to Right- Left variations and compare with other studies.
Material and method: 56 formalin fixed cadavers were analyzed. The diameter, length and variations of the following vessels were measured: Anterior Cerebral Artery (proximal A1 segment to distal A2 segment), anterior communicating artery and photographed for documentation. Statistical analysis was done by statistica software.
Result: 53.57% had normal anterior cerebral artery- anterior communicating artery complex. Length and diameter were slightly more on left side. Unilateral hypoplasia, Azygos and Tripple Anterior Cerebral Artery was present in 21.43%, 3.57 and 1.78% respectively. In specimens, no aplasia of Anterior Cerebral Artery was present. Aplastic, double and fenestration type anterior communicating artery were present in 5.3%, 8.92% and 1.78% respectively.
Conclusion: Anatomical knowledge of variations should be updated regularly for neurosurgeons, radiologists and clinicians to avoid unexpected consequences.
Machine learning models based on dietary data to predict gallstones: NHANES 2017-2020
Authors: Shao Guanming , Ma Yonghui , Wang Lili , Qu Chao , Gao Ruiqian , Sun Peng , Cao Jingyu
Published: June 2024

The development of gallstones is closely related to diet. As the prevalence of gallstones increases, it is crucial to identify risk factors to predict the development of gallstones. Data from the 2017–2020 U.S. National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) were analyzed, and 5,150 participants were randomly divided into a training set and a validation set in a 7:3 ratio. Variables were screened via Least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) regression. Multilayer perceptron (MLP), support vector machines (SVM), K-nearest neighbor (KNN), eXtreme Gradient Boosting (XGBoost), decision tree (DT), logistic regression (LR), and random forest (RF) were used to construct the models. The performance of the model was evaluated through the area under the curve (AUC), receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve, calibration curves and decision curve analysis (DCA). The random forest model was selected as the best model, and the variables in the model were ranked in order of importance. A machine learning model based on dietary intake has a better ability to predict the risk of gallstones and can be used to guide participants in the development of healthy eating patterns.
Deep Learning Based Quantitative Cervical Vertebral Maturation Analysis
Authors: Fulin Jiang , abdulqader Abbas Ahmed , Yan Yan , Fangyuan Cheng , Jinghong Yu , Juan Li , Yong Qiu , Xin Chen
Published: June 2024

Objectives: This study aims to enhance clinical diagnostics for quantitative cervical vertebral maturation (QCVM) staging with precise landmark localization. Existing methods are often subjective and time-consuming, while deep learning alternatives withstand the complex anatomical variations. To address these challenges, we introduce an advanced two-stage convolutional neural network customize for improved accuracy in cervical vertebrae analysis.
Methods: This study analyzed 2100 cephalometric images. The data distribution to an 8:1:1 for training, validation, and testing. The CVnet system is designed a two-step method with comprehensive evaluation of various ROI sizes was undertaken to locate 19 cervical vertebral landmarks and precision classifying maturation stages. The accuracy of the pinpointing landmarks was assessed by success detection rate and one way ANOVA test. The diagnostic accuracy test was conducted to evaluate system's performance and agreements with six examiners.
Results: Upon precise calibration with the optimal region of interest (ROI) size, the landmark localization, registering an average error of just 0.66±0.45 mm and a success detection rate of 98.51% within 2 mm. Additionally, in 210 test samples, the accuracy rate is 69.52% in identifying cervical vertebral maturation stages.
Conclusions: This study launched a two-stage neural network that effectively and reliably identifies landmarks and automates the calculation of cervical vertebral maturation stages. Through this approach, the neural network achieved an accuracy rate of approximately 69.52%, resulting in an enhancement of about 10.95% in the accuracy of primary orthodontists' staging.
Clinical relevance:The high accuracy and speed of this method in pinpointing cervical vertebrae landmarks are significant for automating skeletal age estimation with CVM techniques. This method could add a valuable information to clinician’s underdeveloped areas or inexperienced to make reliable treatment decision.
A Hybrid Cuckoo Search-K-means Model for Enhanced Intrusion Detection in Internet of Things
Authors: Hassan Mustafa Yahya , Najim Ali Hamza , Al-Sharhanee Kareem Ali , Kadhim Mustafa Noaman , Soliman Naglaa F. , Algarni Abeer D.
Published: June 2024

Integrating machine learning (ML) into intrusion detection systems (IDS) is considered an important topic for preventing the spread of cyber threats. However, when it comes to machine learning techniques, IDSs face challenges in accurately identifying various types of attacks within the complex structures of a network. This study addresses the lack of research on combining metaheuristic optimization techniques with unsupervised machine learning algorithms in IDS design. The proposed model uses the cuckoo search metaheuristic and the K-means method to improve IDS precision. Here, the cuckoo search algorithm is used to increase the efficiency of feature selection. Meanwhile, the k-means clustering methodology is used to discretize the data and reduce its dimensionality by using two clusters, C1 and C2. The proposed model, developed carefully, includes data preprocessing (handling missing values), data transformation (label encoding), and data normalization. A stochastic operator assesses the impact of the K-means operator. The model is evaluated using an accessible intrusion dataset and compared with other state-of-the-art models. From the research conclusions, the presented model also demonstrates better results compared to the rest, especially when it reaches accuracy (99. 79%), precision (99. 78%), recall (99. 51%), and the F1-score (99).
Significance of geriatric nutritional risk index and neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio as prognostic indicators in older patients with gastric cancer: A retrospective cohort study
Authors: Miyamoto Hironari , Toyokawa Takahiro , Ishidate Takemi , Kuroda Kenji , Miki Yuichiro , Yoshii Mami , Tamura Tatsuro , Lee Shigeru , Maeda Kiyoshi
Published: June 2024

Background: The number of older patients with cancer is increasing with the progression of aging societies. We aimed to clarify the prognostic values of the geriatric nutritional risk index (GNRI) as a nutritional index and the neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) as an inflammatory index in older patients with gastric cancer.
Methods: Between January 2007 and December 2016, a total of 197 consecutive gastric cancer patients aged ≥75 years who underwent radical gastrectomy were included in this study. We evaluated the prognostic values of preoperative GNRI and NLR using time-dependent receiver operating characteristic curveanalysis, log-rank tests and Cox regression analysis.
Results: The areas under the curve (AUCs) predicting 5-year OS were 0.668 for GNRI and 0.637 for NLR. The 5-year OS rates in the groups with low and high GNRI and NLR were 40.1% and 74.1% (p<0.001), 70.7% and 41.5% (p<0.001), respectively. Multivariate analysis showed that GNRI (Hazard ratio (HR): 0.584; 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.356–0.960; p=0.034) and NLR (HR: 2.470; 95% CI: 1.503–4.059; p<0.001) were independent predictors for OS. GNRI-NLR score constructed with GNRI and NLR had a higher AUC of 0.698 than those of either GNRI or NLR alone, and was an independent prognostic factor (HR, 0.486; 95% CI: 0.363–0.651; p<0.001).
Conclusions: GNRI and NLR are useful prognostic biomarkers in older gastric cancer patients aged ³75years, and the GNRI-NLR score could contribute to a more personalized and holistic approach to cancer treatment in older gastric cancer patients.
Exploring the link between Diabetes duration and cardiovascular disease in Diabetic patients
Authors: Poochanasri Methavee , Kookanok Chutawat , Rangsin Ram , Kaewput Wisit , Mungthin Mathirut , Samakkarnthai Parinya
Published: June 2024

Background
Type 2 Diabetes mellitus (T2DM) significantly impacts cardiovascular disease (CVD). This study investigates the role of diabetes duration in determining CVDs, including coronary artery disease (CAD), congestive heart failure (CHF), cerebrovascular disease (CVA), and peripheral arterial disease (PAD) in Asian individuals with T2DM, based on 2018 data from Thai adults.
Methods
Thai adult patients with T2DM were recruited, and the duration of diabetes was stratified. Logistic regression analysis was used to identify CVD risk factors, and the final model was performed using multivariable logistic regression analysis.
Result
The study comprised 34,131 participants. The final model revealed adjusted odds ratios for CAD (AOR 1.80, 95% CI: 1.38–2.34), CHF (AOR 1.81, 95% CI: 1.22–2.67), and PAD (AOR 6.47, 95% CI: 3.09–13.58) with diabetes durations exceeding 15 years. However, the association between diabetes duration and CVA showed less consistency.
Conclusion
The duration of DM is a significant determinant of cardiovascular risk, especially for conditions including CAD, CHF, and PAD, but not CVA.
A glycosylation-related signature can predict prognosis and immunotherapy response in patients with acute myeloid leukaemia
Authors: Yang Chunxia , Yang Ying , Zhang Fen-Li , Zhou Man , Zhou Ming-Xiang , Hu Yang , Yang Hong-lan , Wang Jian , Chen Mao-qiong , Yang Xiao-Yan
Published: June 2024

Background
Acute myeloid leukaemia (AML) are a bunch of malignant tumors derived from hematopoietic stem cells, characterized by high morbidity, high relapse rate and high lethality. Recent years have demonstrated the association between aberrant glycosylation and tumors, but how aberrant glycosylation affects the heterogeneity and prognosis of AML patients remains to be explored.
Methods
Comprehensive single-cell sequencing analyses (scRNA-seq) and transcriptome expression analyses were conducted on the GSE235857 and GSE37642 datasets, with pertinent data on acute myeloid leukemia (AML) acquired from the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) databases. Twelve genes were identified with abnormal glycosylation modifications using the Cox regression, Stepwise regression and LASSO regression analyses for construction of a prognostic model for patients with AML. In addition, the tumor immune escape was stronger in patients with highly glycosylated subgroups, and expression levels of key genes were verified through single-cell sequencing.
Results
Through scRNA-seq analysis, we identified 12 glycosylation-related genes associated with AML prognosis in patients. Risk profiles were then established for these 12 genes, revealing a primary association with both glycosylation and EMT. Furthermore, patients exhibiting high glycosylation modifications displayed a stronger tendency towards immune escape and poorer immunotherapy outcomes. Drug target screening subsequently identified several candidate agents for therapeutic intervention of hyper-glycosylation modifications. Finally, Identification and validation of the presence of 12 core genes related to glycosylation in AML patients by scRNA-seq.
Conclusions
The constructed risk models based on abnormal glycosylation modifications can effectively predict the prognosis of AML. In-depth study of abnormal glycosylation modifications in AML is advocated to further explore the response of AML to immunotherapy andprovides new insights into the diagnosis and management of AML.
Optimizing the extreme gradient boosting algorithm through the use of metaheuristic algorithms in sales forecasting
Authors: Gulsun Bahadir , Aydin Muhammed Resul
Published: June 2024

Accurate forecasting of future demand is essential for decision-makers and institutions in order to utilize the sources effectively and gain competitive advantages. Machine learning algorithms play a significant role in this mission. In machine learning algorithms, tuning hyperparameters could dramatically enhance the performance of the algorithm. This paper presents a novel methodology for optimizing the hyperparameters of Extreme Gradient Boosting (XGBoost), a prominent machine learning algorithm, by leveraging Artificial Rabbits Optimization (ARO), a recent metaheuristic algorithm, in order to construct a robust and generalizable forecasting model. Additionally, the study conducts an experimental comparison of ARO with two widely utilized metaheuristic algorithms, Genetic Algorithm (GA) and Artificial Bee Colony (ABC), by optimizing the eight different hyperparameters of XGBoost. For this experiment, 68,949 samples were collected. Furthermore, variables that have a significant effect on sales were investigated to enhance the reliability of the model. Ten independent variables, comprising a mixture of internal and external features including display size, financial indicators, and weather conditions, were identified. The experimental findings showcased that the implemented ARO-XGBoost model surpassed other implemented models, including the XGBoost model, Genetic Algorithm (GA) optimized XGBoost, and Artificial Bee Colony (ABC) optimized XGBoost models, across various evaluation metrics such as mean absolute percentage error. In summary, the use of artificial rabbits optimization, a recent metaheuristic algorithm, yielded satisfactory results for hyperparameter optimization of XGBoost. Furthermore, our proposed forecasting model is comprehensive and holds potential for serving as a valuable model for future studies.
Role and importance of quality control in improving compliance of Enhanced Recovery After Surgery ; how dose high compliance overcome postoperative complication?
Authors: Kim In Kyeong , Bae Jung Hoon , Park Soo Ji , Lee Yoon Suk , Lee In Kyu
Published: June 2024

ERAS has already been proven to reduce postoperative complication and length of hospital stay. However, in real practice, application may vary from center to center and not all can be applied equally. Accordingly, we sought to evaluate the role and importance of ERAS compliance through quality rather than the appropriateness of each individual item. In addition, the association between high compliance and postoperative complication was analyzed according to severity. Patients who underwent colon cancer surgery were divided into Phase I (before November 2019) and Phase II (from November 2019 to December 2022). Phase II included high risk patients over 65 years of age and with an ASA score more than 3, but there was no significant difference in compliance with Phase I (78.12 ± 11.70 vs. 76.92 ± 12.25%, P = 0.112). Total and minor complications significantly decreased, but major complications did not (25 [5.8%] vs. 26 [5.4%], P = 0.764). High compliance and Phase II were associated with lower complications and significantly reduced lengths of stay in all patients with complications; surgical stress-related inflammatory markers were significantly reduced. Although ERAS protocol compliance cannot prevent major surgery-related complications, high compliance enables earlier recovery and shorter hospital stays for patients with major complications by reducing surgical stress-related inflammatory responses.
Effect of sleep in the third trimester of gestational diabetes mellitus on maternal and infant outcomes
Authors: Xintong Li , Rongrong Bai , Ruimin Cao , Yingying Ge , Yide Hao , Lingling Cui , Dongmei Xu
Published: June 2024

Background
Sleep is a controllable way of daily life, which has a non-negligible impact on the pathogenesis and prevention of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM).
Methods
The study recruited pregnant females who were diagnosed with GDM by OGTT and underwent MNT until delivery. We collected the basic information of the pregnant females and recorded the maternal and infant outcomes; the PSQI questionnaire was completed within 3 days after delivery according to the sleep condition in the month before delivery.
Results
PSQI questionnaire was found 217 pregnant females with GDM had PSQI ≤ 5 and 331 pregnant females with GDM had PSQI > 5. The scores of pregnant females with PSQI > 5 were greater than those of pregnant females with PSQI ≤ 5 in different dimensions, and pregnant females had the most pronounced time to sleep. GDM pregnant females with PSQI >5 had higher rates of cesarean section, incidence of obstructed labor/cephalopelvic disproportion, higher rates of assisted delivery, and higher levels of intrapartum hemorrhage than GDM pregnant females with PSQI ≤5. PSQI >5 and poor subjective sleep quality had an increased risk of pregnancy complications and adverse pregnancy outcomes; very poor subjective sleep quality had the highest risk of pregnancy complications and adverse pregnancy outcomes.
Conclusion
PSQI >5 and poor subjective sleep quality have an increased risk of pregnancy complications and adverse pregnancy outcomes, and pregnant females with very poor self-perceived sleep quality have the highest risk of pregnancy complications and adverse pregnancy outcomes.
The Impact of Remnant Cholesterol on Cardiovascular Fitness in Young Adults: Insights from NHANES
Authors: Qin Shiwei , Chen Junlong , Sun Min , Zhang Dongying
Published: June 2024

Background
Remnant cholesterol (RC) is associated with the occurrence, progression, and prognosis of cardiovascular diseases (CVD) in elderly populations. However, the relation between RC and cardiovascular fitness (CVF) in young populations remains inconclusive. This research aimed to analyze the correlation between RC levels and cardiovascular fitness (CVF) impairment among United States youth individuals.
Method
A cross-sectional analysis was performed utilizing datasets from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 1999–2004, including 3,097 participants who underwent CVF testing and provided fasting blood sample. RC was considered total cholesterol (TC)-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C)-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C). Weighted multivariate logistic regression analyses were used to assess the relationship between RC levels and CVF impairment.
Results
The analysis revealed a significant association between higher RC levels and an increased risk of CVF impairment. After adjusting for confounding factors, with each unit (1mmol/L) increase in remnant cholesterol, the risk of impaired cardiovascular fitness increases by 65%. The restricted cubic spline (RCS) curves demonstrate a linear relationship between RC and the risk of impaired CVF. Interaction terms showed that the positive correlation between RC and the likelihood of impaired CVF was consistent across different population statuses and could be applicable in various demographic settings.
Conclusions
Elevated RC levels were associated with an increased risk of impaired CVF among young individuals. The finding emphasized the importance of monitoring RC levels in cardiovascular risk assessment for young populations, potentially guiding early prevention strategies.
Identification and validation of qRT-PCR reference genes for analyzing grape infection with gray mold
Authors: Tan Lina , Lu Lijuan , Sun Wen , Zhang Xinyuan , Liu Yanglin , Xiang Yan , Yan Hanwei
Published: June 2024

Background Grapes are highly valued for their nutritional and economic benefits, and have been widely studied for their biological attributes such as fruit development, quality formation, and stress resistance. One significant threat to grape quality is gray mold, caused by Botrytis cinerea, which can infect the flowers, fruits, leaves, and stems. The quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR), known for its high sensitivity and quantitative accuracy, is an essential tool for analyzing gene expression related to the pathogenesis of gray mold, thereby providing deeper insights into the disease.
Result In this study, we aim to identify stable internal reference genes crucial for accurate gene expression analysis via qRT-PCR. Utilizing transcriptome data from grapes under various disease stresses, we identified twelve candidate reference genes with consistently high expression levels. The stability of these genes was assessed through delta-CT, geNorm, NormFinder, BestKeeper, and RefFinder analyses after establishing the cycling thresholds (Ct) in different grape varieties treated with Botrytis cinerea.
Conclusions Our findings reveal that VIT-17s0000g02750 and VIT-06s0004g04280 exhibit stable expression and are suitable as new reference genes. This foundational work supports further research into the molecular mechanisms of grape biological processes.
Pattern of recurrence after fractionated stereotactic reirradiation in adult glioblastoma
Authors: Margulies Agathe , Sahki Nassim , Rech Fabien , Vogin Guillaume , Blonski Marie , Peiffert Didier , Taillandier Luc , Lesanne Grégory , Demogeot Nicolas
Published: June 2024

Background
Glioblastomas all eventually relapse after initial treatment, and an option to treat these recurrences is fractionated stereotactic reirradiation (fSRT). The location of recurrences following reirradiation has not been studied for fSRT delivered by a dedicated stereotactic device. We aimed to analyze these locations to better elucidate safety margins, dose and fractionation regimens.
Methods
We retrospectively analyzed the data of patients with glioblastoma recurrence that had been reirradiated by fSRT in October 2010-December 2020, in 25 Gy in 5 fractions delivered by a CyberKnife® at Institut de Cancérologie de Lorraine. We matched the images of the relapse post-fSRT relapse with the stereotactic radiation treatment planning scan to determine the relapse location.
Results
The location of recurrences after fSRT was “out-field” in 43.5%, “marginal” in 40.3%, and “in-field” in 16.1% of patients (N = 62). A GTV-PTV margin of 1 mm (versus 2 or 3 mm, HR = 0.38 [0.15–0.95], p = 0.037) and a PTV volume of ≥ 36cc (HR = 5.18 [1.06–25.3], p = 0.042) were significantly associated with the “marginal” recurrences. Being ≥ 60 years old at initial treatment (HR = 3.06 [1.17–8.01], p = 0.023) and having one or more previous recurrences (HR = 5.29 [1.70–16.5], p = 0.004) were significantly associated with “out-field” recurrences. The median PFS from fSRT was 3.4 months, and OS from diagnosis and from fSRT were 25.7 and 10.8 months respectively.
Conclusion
Reirradiation of glioblastoma recurrence by fSRT with 25 Gy in 5 fractions provides good local control.
An exploration of the effect of Belt and Road Initiative on the Export-Embodied Carbon Emissions in China’s Manufacturing Industry
Authors: Jiang Wenhui , Mukhopadhaya Pundarik , Zhang Hai
Published: June 2024

This study evaluates the impact of China’s Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) on direct and indirect carbon emissions from China’s manufacturing goods production and trade processes with 64 countries along the belt and road (B&R). The analysis is based on China’s 189 trading partners (countries and regions) and 26 industrial sectors using the Eora Global Multi-Regional Input-Output Database for 2001–2016 and the difference-in-differences (DID) method. The results indicate that to most countries along the B&R, the export-embodied carbon emissions in China's manufacturing industry exceed import-carbon emissions. Energy and heavy industries are the main net exporters of carbon emissions. It is noted that the contribution of the BRI is significant in the increase in the embodied carbon emissions of China’s manufacturing exports. The BRI’s effect is more obvious in energy and heavy manufacturing, in Maritime Silk Road countries and in developing countries along the B&R. While the BRI fosters embodied carbon emissions in China's manufacturing exports by promoting these exports, and reduces them by promoting low-carbon technological innovation, improving China’s relative position in the global value chain in the region does not affect manufacturing export carbon emissions. Our findings lead to several important policy implications at a time when the region is experiencing enormous challenges in reducing CO2 emissions.
The safety and economic evaluation of bevacizumab and PD-1 inhibitors for advanced non- squamous NSCLC: a multicenter observational study in China
Authors: Hu Min , Diao Changdong , Liu Jinmei , Wang Xiong , Yuan Qi , Li Shijun , Di Guojie , Ke Hongqin , Zhang Ge , Xu Zhuoran , Lou Chaoxuan , Xue Yanli , Zhang Yu , Shi Chen
Published: June 2024

Background
With the increasing number of indications approved for bevacizumab, evaluating its safety after marketing is essential. Besides, for patients with advanced non-squamous non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC), adding bevacizumab or PD-1 inhibitors to first-line doublet chemotherapy is routine. However, the optimal targeted therapy has yet to be defined. It is essential to discuss which scheme is safer, more effective, and more economical based on a comprehensive clinical evaluation.
Methods
The study utilized drug-based, non-invasive, observational, and uncontrolled methods to evaluate the safety of bevacizumab and was performed at six sites in China. By univariate and multivariate analysis, bevacizumab administration to inpatients with malignant tumors was studied for incidence and risk factors of adverse events (AEs). Moreover, the economic evaluation was conducted by comparing bevacizumab with PD-1 inhibitors through cost-effectiveness analysis.
Results
During a safety evaluation study of bevacizumab, a target population of 533 patients was assessed and it was found that AEs occurred in 86.26% of clinical cases. Anemia was the most common AE, accounting for 28.33% of cases. 26.45% of AEs were grade 3 or higher. The blood and lymphatic system had the highest incidence of severe AEs, followed by the cardiovascular system. Hypertension was the most common severe AE, occurring in 3.75% of patients. The study identified certain risk factors for AEs induced by bevacizumab through multivariate analysis in clinical practice. In pharmacoeconomic evaluation, each one percentage point increase in 1-year disease control rate (DCR) associated with bevacizumab relative to PD-1 inhibitors was associated with an additional cost of ¥164.16 per treatment cycle in the first-line treatment of common mutation-negative advanced non-squamous NSCLC.
Conclusions
The safety profile of bevacizumab is well-established and manageable. PD-1 inhibitors offer more pharmacoeconomic advantages over bevacizumab in treating advanced non-squamous NSCLC without common mutations.
The effect of a mixed circuit training on muscle synthesis’s indices, neurotrophic factors, and physical fitness in elderly women: A randomized controlled trial
Authors: Baharavar Fatemeh , Vakili Javad , Sari-Sarraf Vahid , Pourmanaf Hadi
Published: June 2024

Background: Regular physical activity can improve muscle synthesis, cognitive function, and physical fitness and consequently delay the side effects of aging. However, the effect of circuit training which is a combination of resistance and aerobic exercise is still unknown. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the effect of 8 weeks of a mixed circuit of aerobic and resistance training on serum levels of muscle synthesis indices, neurotrophic factors, and physical fitness in elderly women.
Methods: A total of 24 healthy elderly females (age 65±3 years) were recruited and randomly divided into two groups as follows: Mixed Circuit Training (MCT, n=12) and Control (C, n=12). Participants in the MCT group performed circuit training (three times a week at an intensity of 40-60% of 1 repetition maximum) for 8 weeks. Participants in the C group did not received any intervention. Serum levels of growth hormone (GH), Insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF_1), brain derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), nerve growth factor (NGF), and physical fitness (cardiovascular fitness, muscular endurance, and balance) were measured before and after the eight weeks of intervention.
Results: Serum levels of GH, IGF-1, BDNF, and, NGF were increased in the MCT group after eight weeks (p ˂0.001). Cardiovascular fitness, muscular endurance, and balance were also improved in the MCT group after eight weeks of intervention (p ˂0.001).
Conclusions: A mixed circuit training could improve muscle synthesis, neurotrophic factors, and physical fitness in elderly women. To confirm these results, further studies are recommended.
Trial registration
Retrospectively registered. IRCT20240108060648N1. Registration date: 2024/02/12. URL: https://irct.behdasht.gov.ir/search/result?query=IRCT20240108060648N1
Is the use of topical 25% magnesium sulfate (Epsom salt) effective in relieving perineal pain during immediate postpartum care: A randomized controlled trial
Authors: Desranleau Jacinthe , Flamand Audrey , Leclerc Vanessa , Lajeunesse Judith , Lefebvre Aizhen Jade , Prévost Anne-Patricia , Chen Lois , Deng Elizabeth , Rouillard Jean-Sébastien Di Fruscia , Doyer Elysa , El-Hawli Rim , Harvey-Lavoie Simonne , Pagliarulo-Fréchette Léah , Piché Jacqueline , Pigeon Camille , Bujold Stéphanie , Fredette Jessica Hardy , Pellerin Mélissa , Rajotte Elisabeth , Séguin Valérie , Stassiouk Alicia , Lambert Ariane , Roger Antoine
Published: June 2024

Background
Despite the high frequency of perineal trauma in obstetrics, management of perineal care and pain is highly variable, relying on very few studies, if any. Treatment of the perineum with compresses soaked in a magnesium sulfate (Epsom salt) solution has not previously been studied but is routinely used in some hospitals in Quebec, Canada.
Objectives
This study aims to determine whether compresses soaked in 25% magnesium sulfate in sterile water can alleviate perineal pain in women immediately after childbirth. Population and intervention: Women who have just given birth vaginally and report perineal or vulvar pain of 3/10 or more will be recruited and randomized into an intervention group receiving the treatment (compresses soaked in 25% magnesium sulfate) or a control group receiving a placebo (compresses soaked in water).
Methods
This multi-centric, double-blinded randomized clinical trial will be conducted in four hospitals in the province of Quebec, Canada. We plan to recruit a total of 104 participants. Participants will be instructed to apply the compresses on the vulva and perineum for 15 minutes, four times per day, if needed. They will be asked to score their pain before and after using the compresses for the length of their hospital stay, typically between 24 and 48 hours. Secondary outcomes include analgesic use, incidence of complications, participant satisfaction, opinions on feasibility, and any adverse effects caused by the compresses.
Discussion
This randomized controlled trial will assess whether the treatment is more effective in relieving pain than the placebo. The study will also determine the safety and feasibility of this method for routine postnatal care. This study could contribute in the long term to the standardization of evidence-based practices for the management of postpartum perineal pain in Canadian hospitals. Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT06393608. Registered 26 april 2024. https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT06393608
Cybersickness risk management for a Virtual training tool dedicated to Airline pilots
Authors: Collet Anne-Claire , Drouot Stéphane , Aujeu Eric , Nemmi Federico , Buratto Florence , Bach Cédric
Published: June 2024

In the professional training field, virtual reality (VR) has received growing interest due to the advantages it provides over traditional means such as simulators: it is immersive but portable. However, the unpleasant side-effects of virtual reality, grouped under the term of cybersickness have hindered or slowed its widespread adoption. In the present study, we investigated the impact of a VR procedure trainer, dedicated to airline pilots, on their vision and well-being. The airline pilots’ license is subject to medical criteria, particularly regarding eyesight. It is thus mandatory to check that VR use will not impact their vision. Moreover, most laboratory studies exploring cybersickness and/or impacts on vision are based on young subjects (< 40 years old). Since the training tool targeted a broader age ranged population (20–60 y.o.), only pilots in the underrepresented age-range were included (i.e. 40-60y.o). 26 professional pilots took part to the experiment, included in 2 successive waves (14 pilots in the 1st group, 12 in the second). They performed three VR sessions on three consecutive days of increasing duration from 20 to 60 minutes. Their cybersickness symptoms were tracked, and accommodation and convergence parameters were measured before and after exposure. We did not find any deleterious impact on vision, and observed mild cybersickness symptoms in the first group, that led the team to suppress a short part of a lesson that was designated as problematic by all pilots. We did not observe any cybersickness symptoms in the second group following this modification. By systematically assessing the well-being of pilots during and after VR exposure, we managed the cybersickness risk.
miR-6760-5p suppresses neoangiogenesis by targeting Yes-associated protein 1 in patients with moyamoya disease undergoing indirect revascularization
Authors: wen Yunyu , chen junda , Long Tinghan , Chen Fangzhou , Wang Zhibin , Chen Siyuan , Zhang Guozhong , Li Mingzhou , Zhang Shichao , Kang Huibin , Feng Wenfeng , Wang Gang
Published: June 2024

Objective
The aim of this research was to investigate the specific regulatory role of miR-6760-5p in angiogenesis in moyamoya disease.
Methods
HUVECs were transfected with miR-6760-5p inhibitor and mimics fragments, then subjected to assays for cell proliferation, migration, and tube formation. Subsequently, downstream target genes of miR-6760-5p were predicted and the protein expression levels of these genes were evaluated. The presence of miR-6760-5p and YAP1 was verified by a dual luciferase reporter gene test, followed by an assessment of the effects of YAP1 and miR-6760-5p on the HUVECs.
Results
Comparatively to the control group, increased expression of miR-6760-5p decreased cell growth, movement, and tube formation. YAP1 gene was discovered as a target controlled by miR-6760-5p, with subsequent investigation confirming YAP1 as a gene regulated by miR-6760-5p. Additionally, miR-6760-5p was found to counteract the angiogenesis-promoting effect of YAP1.
Conclusion
The results of this research suggest a possible link between the miR-6760-5p gene found in the cerebrospinal fluid of individuals with moyamoya disease and the process of vascularization in this particular condition. The findings indicate that miR-6760-5p may be a new molecular indicator and potential target for the diagnosis of moyamoya disease.
Vitamin D Deficiency in Patients with Retinal Vein Occlusion: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
Authors: Daneshvar Kimia , Akhlaghi Mohammadreza , Iranpour Shila , Irajpour Matin , Pourazizi Mohsen
Published: June 2024

Background: This review aims to substantiate the correlation between vitamin D and retinal vein occlusion (RVO) within the medical literature.
Method: A systematic review and meta-analysis were conducted in PubMed, SCOPUS, Web of Science, and Embase until December 10th , 2023. A meticulous literature search was undertaken to identify and analyze all observational-analytical papers reporting vitamin D levels in RVO patients. The principal outcome measures centered on the comparative assessment of vitamin D levels between patients with RVO (cases) and those devoid of RVO (controls). The protocol was registered in PROSPERO (code: CRD42024499853).
Results: A total of six relevant studies consisting of 589 participants were included in this meta-analysis. The results indicated a significant association between vitamin D deficiency and increased risk of RVO (Odds ratio=14.51; 95% CI: [1.71, 122.59], P=0.014); and patients with RVO exhibited a significant decrease in serum vitamin D levels by 1.91ng/mL (95% CI: [-2.29, -1.54], P<0.001). Moreover, there was no significant difference observed in vitamin D levels between central RVO (CRVO) and branch RVO (BRVO) subtypes (P=0.63).
Conclusion: RVO patients have more vitamin D deficiency than healthy controls. These results contribute to the growing body of evidence highlighting the intricate role of vitamin D supplementation as both a prophylactic and a treatment strategy in RVO.
PROSPERO registration identifier: CRD42024499853
Tea Consumption and Health Disparities among Chinese Oldest Old: Evidence from Multiple Waves of CLHLS, 1998-2018
Authors: ZHANG LI , GU RONGXING
Published: June 2024

Tea consumption has been documented to be influential on Asian older adults’ health. Nonetheless, few studies have investigated period and cohort changes in the linkage of tea consumption and older adults’ health. This study intended to fill the voids of prior literature by studying Chinese oldest old through analyzing data from eight (1998, 2000, 2002, 2005, 2008, 2011-12, 2014 and 2018) waves of the Chinese Longitudinal Healthy Longevity Survey (CLHLS). Health outcomes were measured by self-rated health (SRH), cognitive function, chronic diseases and subjective wellbeing. The results showed percentages of frequent and occasional tea consumers among Chinese oldest old were declining over time. The drop in such percentages were more apparent among younger birth cohorts. Frequent tea consumers showed better health outcomes in all health dimensions, followed by occasional tea consumers. Over time, the predicted SRH, cognitive function, chronic diseases and subjective wellbeing showed an increasing trend. The period effect was also shown in crossovers of positive feeling scores in year 2008 among oldest old with different tea consumption patterns. It implied that impacts of major social events can overweight those of behavioral factors, such as tea drinking, on oldest old’s subjective feelings. Cohort effects were not as apparent as period effects. The study corroborated the beneficial effects of tea drinking on older adults’ health. It also emphasized the importance of taking period and cohort effects into consideration when linking health life styles to older adults’ health.
Polybia occidentalis (Hymenoptera: Vespidae) nesting on a Lafoensia glyptocarpa (Lythraceae) plant in the Cerrado biome
Authors: Teixeira David Lopes , Souza Marcos Magalhães , Boscardin Jardel , Serrão José Eduardo , Silva Eldair Santos , Zanuncio José Cola , Wilcken Carlos Frederico , Zanetti Ronald
Published: June 2024

Polybia occidentalis (Olivier) (Hymenoptera: Vespidae) is an important predator of soft-bodied arthropods, and its association with plant species can provide information about the preference of this wasp for plant substrate and the mechanisms for this choice. The objective was to report the first occurrence of P. occidentalis nesting on a Lafoensia glyptocarpa (Koehne) (Lythraceae) plant in the Cerrado biome of Brazil. Individuals of the Vespidae were collected and identified using a dichotomous key and by comparison with individuals deposited in the Biological Collection of Social Vespas (CBVS) of the Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciências e Tecnologia do Sul de Minas Gerais (IFSULDEMINAS), Campus Inconfidentes, Minas Gerais state, Brazil. The foliage density and perennially of the plant L. glyotocarpa can reduce temperature and increase humidity within its canopy, and the shade of the branches can contribute to camouflage, which can favor the choice of this plant as a nesting site for P. occidentalis. Due to the climatic conditions of the region, the plant species can be important to conserve this Vespidae species.