bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Constrained overdamped Langevin dynamics for symmetric multimarginal optimal transportation
Authors: Alfonsi Aurélien , Coyaud Rafaël , Ehrlacher Virginie
Published: April 2022

The Strictly Correlated Electrons (SCE) limit of the Levy–Lieb functional in Density Functional Theory (DFT) gives rise to a symmetric multi-marginal optimal transport problem with Coulomb cost, where the number of marginal laws is equal to the number of electrons in the system, which can be very large in relevant applications. In this work, we design a numerical method, built upon constrained overdamped Langevin processes to solve Moment Constrained Optimal Transport (MCOT) relaxations (introduced in [A. Alfonsi, R. Coyaud, V. Ehrlacher and D. Lombardi, Approximation of optimal transport problems with marginal moments constraints, Math. Comp. 90 (2021) 689–737; C. Villani, Optimal Transport: Old and New (Springer Science & Business Media, 2008)]) of symmetric multi-marginal optimal transport problems with Coulomb cost. Some minimizers of such relaxations can be written as discrete measures charging a low number of points belonging to a space whose dimension, in the symmetrical case, scales linearly with the number of marginal laws. We leverage the sparsity of those minimizers in the design of the numerical method and prove that there is no strict local minimizer to the resulting problem. We illustrate the performance of the proposed method by numerical examples which solves MCOT relaxations of 3D systems with up to 100 electrons.
Prophecy Made Simple
Authors: Lamport Leslie , Merz Stephan
Published: April 2022

Prophecy variables were introduced in the article “The Existence of Refinement Mappings” by Abadi and Lamport. They were difficult to use in practice. We describe a new kind of prophecy variable that we find much easier to use. We also reformulate ideas from that article in a more mathematical way.
Evaluation of the Safety and Efficacy of Xiao Yao San as a Treatment for Anxiety: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Lin Jin , Ji Yue , Si Jinhua , Wang Guanran , Li Xinju , Shen Li
Published: April 2022

Objective. Xiaoyao San (XYS) is a medicinal preparation that is commonly employed in China for the treatment of anxiety disorders (AD). Despite suggestions that it may offer certain advantages in this context, there are no reliable evidence-based studies regarding its efficacy at present. The present study was developed to gauge the efficacy and safety of XYS for the treatment of AD in a systematic manner. Methods. PubMed, the Cochrane Library, EMBASE, Web of Science, China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), Wanfang database, Weipu database, and China Biomedical Documentation Service System (CBM) databases were systematically searched for all randomized control trials (RCTs) evaluating the use of XYS for the treatment of AD published as of November 2021. Two investigators independently screened all studies, extracted data, and assessed the risk of bias for included studies using RevMan5.3. Results. In total, 9 RCTs incorporating 809 patients were included in the present meta-analysis, of which 3 compared oral XYS to anxiolytic treatment and 6 compared oral XYS + anxiolytics to anxiolytic treatment alone. The resultant meta-analysis revealed that XYS alone or in combination with anxiolytic treatment was associated with better improvements in anxiety-related symptoms and reduced adverse drug-related reactions as compared to anxiolytic treatment alone. Conclusion. The available evidence suggests that oral XYS alone or in combination with anxiolytic agents is more effective and safer than anxiolytic treatment alone when used for the treatment of AD. However, owing to the limited number and quality of the studies included in this analysis, further high-quality research will be essential to validate these results.
Hypercalcemia, Acute Kidney Injury, and Metabolic Alkalosis
Authors: Aqeel Faten , Del Castillo Jennifer , Jaar Bernard G. , Hanouneh Mohamad
Published: April 2022

Calcium regulation is tightly controlled in the body. Multiple causes of hypercalcemia have been studied including primary hyperparathyroidism, hypercalcemia of malignancy, and chronic granulomatous disorders. Among the less studied causes is calcium-alkali syndrome. Here, we discuss a case of hypercalcemia secondary to calcium-alkali syndrome, presenting with hypercalcemia, metabolic alkalosis, and acute kidney injury as a result of ingestion of a large amount of calcium supplements. Hypercalcemia can result in impaired collecting duct system sensitivity to antidiuretic hormone, afferent arteriole constriction, and activation of calcium sensor receptors in multiple tissues. The net effect is an increase in calcium reabsorption with a salt and water diuresis which leads to volume depletion, acute kidney injury, and metabolic alkalosis.
Prediction and Influencing Factors of College Students' Career Planning Based on Big Data Mining
Authors: Cai Lingmei , Wang Xin
Published: April 2022

College students' career planning refers to the process of establishing their own career development goals based on the analysis of their own subjective and objective factors, searching for a career, and taking necessary actions to achieve their career goals. Career planning is an important aspect of human resource management, and it is a new trend in recent research to use the theory and method of psychology to study it. This project understands the current situation of contemporary college students' career planning through investigation and finds the common problems in career planning among college graduates. Systematic analysis of these problems can be used as the research premise to study college students' career planning, help college students to make correct self-assessment and career orientation, improve their self-awareness and evaluation ability, and form a good career self. In the research, the author found that, in the guidance of college students' career development direction, it is necessary to predict the future career development direction of college students. Effective prediction methods can provide objective and simple data support and theoretical basis for educators to help them implement education guidance smoothly. Therefore, this paper has carried out a series of research work. The author firstly analyzes the problems existing in the process of college career education, then analyzes the relevant theories and common methods of educational data mining and the dimension analysis of the influencing factors of college students' career development direction, so as to determine the research dimension of this paper, and then carries out the relevant research such as the modeling of prediction model, the implementation of algorithm, and the case test of prediction method. According to the above research, the author draws the following conclusions: the grey prediction algorithm has better performance in small- and medium-sized data prediction. Based on the comprehensive quality evaluation data, the prediction conclusion is more objective and accurate. However, there are still some shortcomings in the algorithm design in this study. In the future research, we can try to adjust the relevant parameters through more data and more experimental verification, so as to further optimize the algorithm.
Characteristics of Patent Foramen Ovale: Analysis from a Single Center
Authors: Zhang Bin , Li Dong , Song Anjian , Ren Qiang , Cai Shangan , Wang Peng , Tan Wenfeng , Zhang Gaoxing , Guo Jun
Published: April 2022

Objective. To collect and analyze data of patent foramen ovale (PFO). Methods. This study included a total of 260 patients diagnosed with PFO. We analyzed basic clinical data such as sex, age, transesophageal echocardiography as well as other symptoms. Results. Our data showed that females accounted for the highest proportion of PFO (166 females, 64%), with the highest number of patients (65 patients) having between 45 and 55 years. Transesophageal echocardiography examination demonstrated frequent occurrence of tunnel-like anatomical structures. In addition, PFO was associated with symptoms such as migraine, stroke or TIA, syncope, chest tightness, and palpitations, with dizziness being the most common symptom in the patients with PFO. Conclusion. Our data demonstrated that females accounted for the highest proportion of PFO patients, with those aged between 45 and 55 years being most affected. The most frequently encountered clinical symptom was dizziness. Taken together, these findings may help doctors to better understand and screen for PFO patients.
Research on Hybrid Real-Time Picking Routing Optimization Based on Multiple Picking Stations
Authors: Wang Deyao , Jiang Jun , Ma Ran , Shen Guicheng
Published: April 2022

In the order picking process of the warehouse center, considering the rapid increase in the volume of orders arriving at the picking center at the time of the promotional festival, a hybrid operation mode with multiple picking tables is used to meet the picking requirements of the huge number of real-time orders. Therefore, in this paper, a hybrid picking mode is proposed, taking into account both the idle degree of picking stations and their order item centers of gravity, and a new reinforcement learning algorithm embedding mechanism (PRL) with placeholder control is designed to solve the problem of a huge number of real-time item orders arriving at the picking center system on promotional holidays and in inconsistent quantities, and numerical simulations are performed for this algorithm. The experimental results show that the PRL algorithm in hybrid picking mode can handle a huge number of orders simultaneously and improve picking efficiency effectively.
Construction of a Smart Library Subject Precise Service Platform Based on User Needs
Authors: Bai Yiying
Published: April 2022

Under the development and support of digital, networked and intelligent technologies (IT), university wisdom libraries adopt superb IT, sophisticated big data resource allocation, fine supervised wisdom RFD management system and exquisite supervised wisdom service system to provide a wisdom environment to meet users’ personalized needs and promote the transformation of libraries to a new form of wisdom. University intelligent libraries are still in their infancy and development stages in today’s world; the infrastructure has not been fully developed, the number of intelligent devices, the types of intelligent services, and the level of intelligence have all been developed but are still in their infancy and development stages, and the level of intelligence has not yet reached a significant level, and the level of intelligence has not yet reached a significant level. This paper develops the construction of a precise service platform for wisdom library disciplines based on users’ needs. In this paper, we propose a hybrid continuous ant colony optimization (BACO) method, and further propose a BACO-based multidoor image segmentation bun type for facial image segmentation. The experiments show that the proposed method has good performance and can lay the foundation for the next step of facial recognition and even the construction of smart library to ensure the accurate service of university smart library.
Computational Intelligence-Based Model for Exploring Individual Perception on SARS-CoV-2 Vaccine in Saudi Arabia
Authors: Khan Irfan Ullah , Aslam Nida , Chrouf Sara , Atef Israa , Merah Ikram , AlMulhim Latifah , AlShuaifan Raghad
Published: April 2022

Countries around the world are facing so many challenges to slow down the spread of the current SARS-CoV-2 virus. Vaccination is an effective way to combat this virus and prevent its spreading among individuals. Currently, there are more than 50 SARS-CoV-2 vaccine candidates in trials; only a few of them are already in use. The primary objective of this study is to analyse the public awareness and opinion toward the vaccination process and to develop a model that predicts the awareness and acceptability of SARS-CoV-2 vaccines in Saudi Arabia by analysing a dataset of Arabic tweets related to vaccination. Therefore, several machine learning models such as Support Vector Machine (SVM), Naïve Bayes (NB), and Logistic Regression (LR), sideways with the N-gram and Term Frequency-Inverse Document Frequency (TF-IDF) techniques for feature extraction and Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) model used with word embedding. LR with unigram feature extraction has achieved the best accuracy, recall, and F1 score with scores of 0.76, 0.69, and 0.72, respectively. However, the best precision value of 0.80 was achieved using SVM with unigram and NB with bigram TF-IDF. However, the Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) model outperformed the other models with an accuracy of 0.95, a precision of 0.96, a recall of 0.95, and an F1 score of 0.95. This model will help in gaining a complete idea of how receptive people are to the vaccine. Thus, the government will be able to find new ways and run more campaigns to raise awareness of the importance of the vaccine.
Evaluation Method of English Learning Engagement Based on Wireless Communication Network and Big Data
Authors: Hu Baohui
Published: April 2022

The existing English learning engagement assessment methods still have some deficiencies, which cannot predict students’ interest in English learning, and the teaching effect is not good enough, resulting in the improvement of students’ performance which is not obvious. Therefore, an English learning engagement assessment method based on wireless communication network and big data is proposed. Firstly, build a mobile wireless communication network model, analyze the metaphor processing and evaluation methods adopted by English learners according to big data, and realize the acquisition and interpretation of metaphor meaning through three steps: the establishment of metaphor knowledge base, the analysis and description of metaphor language, and the classification and recognition of metaphor; build an evaluation framework based on wireless communication network and big data, propose a Java application platform for English learning engagement evaluation, and realize the English learning engagement evaluation method. The experimental research shows that the evaluation method has good stability, short evaluation time, and high efficiency and has practical application effect.
Improving Catalytic Activity and Thermal Stability of Methyl-Parathion Hydrolase for Degrading the Pesticide of Methyl-Parathion
Authors: Shi Cheng , Liu Song , Du Guocheng
Published: April 2022

Pesticides are indispensable in today’s agriculture. Methyl-parathion hydrolase (MPH, E.C.3.1.8.1) could hydrolyze organophosphorus pesticides, including methyl-parathion. MPH could rehabilitate soil and water resources contaminated by organophosphorus pesticides. However, natural MPHs generally exhibited a low tolerance to high temperatures and low catalytic efficiency. In this study, we improved the catalytic efficiency toward methyl-parathion and the thermal stability of the MPH from Pseudomonas sp. WBC-3 through saturation mutagenesis and fusion with self-assembling amphipathic peptides (SAP). The experimental characterization showed that compared to the wild-type enzyme, the kcat/Km of the mutant T271S yielded by saturation mutagenesis was increased by 224.3% compared to the wild-type MPH. T50 and Tm of SAP3-MPH with an SAP fused at the N-terminus were increased by 6.2°C and 6.0°C, respectively. Compared to the wild-type enzyme, T271S fused with SAP3 at the N-terminus (SAP3-T271S) exhibited a 2.1-fold increase in kcat/Km without significantly affecting the thermal stability. The simultaneous improvement of the catalytic efficiency and thermal stability of MPH would be beneficial for its application in the degradation and detection of organophosphorus pesticides. Furthermore, our study provides a potential combination strategy for the design of the other enzyme preparations of pollutant degradation.
Identifying and Classifying Enhancers by Dinucleotide-Based Auto-Cross Covariance and Attention-Based Bi-LSTM
Authors: Zhao Shulin , Pan Qingfeng , Zou Quan , Ju Ying , Shi Lei , Su Xi
Published: April 2022

Enhancers are a class of noncoding DNA elements located near structural genes. In recent years, their identification and classification have been the focus of research in the field of bioinformatics. However, due to their high free scattering and position variability, although the performance of the prediction model has been continuously improved, there is still a lot of room for progress. In this paper, density-based spatial clustering of applications with noise (DBSCAN) was used to screen the physicochemical properties of dinucleotides to extract dinucleotide-based auto-cross covariance (DACC) features; then, the features are reduced by feature selection Python toolkit MRMD 2.0. The reduced features are input into the random forest to identify enhancers. The enhancer classification model was built by word2vec and attention-based Bi-LSTM. Finally, the accuracies of our enhancer identification and classification models were 77.25% and 73.50%, respectively, and the Matthews’ correlation coefficients (MCCs) were 0.5470 and 0.4881, respectively, which were better than the performance of most predictors.
Deep Q-Learning for Intelligent Band Coordination in 5G Heterogeneous Network Supporting V2X Communication
Authors: Chen Hua-Min , Wang Shou-Feng , Wang Peng , Lin Shaofu , Fang Chao
Published: April 2022

A heterogeneous or hybrid 5G network is required to support connected vehicles to implement the full range of cooperative ITS (intelligent transport system) services in diverse scenarios. In order to enhance data rate or reduce latency by increasing transmission bandwidth, 5G utilizes frequency bands below and above 6 GHz. The challenge is that multiple band coordination in 5G will be essential to mobile network operators. Even worse, traditional strategies could not meet the demand. Most current 5G research is focused in 5G network optimization. However, frequency coordination in 5G, as one of the most important requirements from operators, is left untouched. In this paper, a multi-agent deep Q-learning network (DQN) is developed as coordination solution. Transfer learning is introduced in DQN to decrease the deployment complexity of the proposed solution on 5G gNB (next-generation NodeB). By deploying the proposed solution in the system level simulation, the simulation shows an average 10% throughput enhancement, an about 24% accessed user number increasing, and around 70% training time saving, compared with normal Q-learning solution, and it enables the operators to optimally utilize all the valuable frequency resources to the best commercial value.
Radiotherapy-Related Neurologic Complications in Patients with Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma: A Multicenter Epidemiologic Study in Southern China
Authors: Pan Tong , Li Xiangping , Zhao Bin , Zhang Chengguo , Rong Xiaoming , Qin Chao , Wen Guoqiang , Wu Wenjun , Wang Hongxuan , Lu Kui , Zhou Haihong , Peng Ying
Published: April 2022

Background:

We aim at describing the incidence, potential predisposing factors, and progression of major radiotherapy-related neurologic complications (RRNC) in nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC)-endemic regions, especially southern China.

Methods:

We performed a multicenter longitudinal retrospective study with clinical follow-ups in 22,302 patients with post-radiotherapy NPC between January 2003 and June 2017 covering three major residential areas. Epidemiology, potential predisposing/protective factors, clinicopathologic progression, and survival conditions of each RRNC were separately recorded and analyzed on the basis of their related clinical, radiologic, and laboratory parameters.

Results:

949 new cases of RRNCs occurred among the 22,302 patients with post-radiotherapy NPC during 101,714 person years’ follow-up, which is equal to an incidence density rate of 9.3 new cases per 1000 person year. Radiation-induced cranial nerve palsy showed the highest incidence (2.68%, 597/22,302) with the earliest onset (median latency, 4.45 years) as well. Patients benefited from intensity-modulated radiotherapy (IMRT) over conventional radiotherapy (CRT) in both overall survival (median survival 13.2 years for IMRT vs. 8.3 years for CRT) and RRNC-free survival (except for epilepsy and cranial nerve palsy). Causes of death varied substantially between patients with or without RRNCs.

Conclusions:

Our study indicates a non-negligible incidence of RRNC spectrum in southern China in the past ten years. IMRT is one of the most significant protectors against development and progression of RRNCs.

Impact:

Our findings support the hypothesis that patients with NPC with preexisting predispositions would receive long-term benefits from IMRT and other dose-related modulations (like hyperfractionation and dose conformation).
Intravascular Renal Denervation Reduces Ambulatory and Office Blood Pressure in Patients with Essential Hypertension: A Meta-Analysis of Randomized Sham-Controlled Trials
Authors: Yang Xiaoxv , Liu Hui , Chen Shifang , Dong Pingshuan , Zhao Di
Published: April 2022

Background: This meta-analysis was designed to evaluate the antihypertensive efficacy of intravascular renal denervation (RDN) in patients with essential hypertension, especially to determine the magnitude of blood pressure (BP) reduction with RDN therapy using second-generation catheters. Methods: PubMed was searched to identify randomized sham-controlled trials from inception through August 2021. The endpoints were changes in 24-h ambulatory BP or office BP. This meta-analysis was performed by calculating the weighted mean difference (WMD) with 95% confidence interval (CI) using the random-effects model when the I2 index was <50%. A fixed-effects model was used when the I2 index was ≥50%. Results: A total of 1,297 patients were included in 8 randomized, sham-controlled trials in this meta-analysis. Intravascular RDN reduced 24-h ambulatory systolic BP (SBP) −3.02 (WMD, 95% CI: −4.95, −1.10, p < 0.01) and diastolic BP (DBP) −1.66 (WMD, 95% CI: −2.44, −0.88, p < 0.001) mm Hg, respectively. In the studies using first-generation catheters, the WMDs of 24-h ambulatory SBP and DBP changes between intravascular RDN and sham control were −2.67 (95% CI: −5.08, −0.27; p < 0.05; I2 = 0%, p = 0.53) and −0.82 (95% CI: −2.19, 0.56; p > 0.05; I2 = 0%, p = 0.64) mm Hg. In the studies using second-generation catheters, the WMDs of 24-h ambulatory SBP and DBP changes between intravascular RDN and sham control were −3.14 (95% CI: −5.94, −0.33, p < 0.05; I2 = 71%, p = 0.008) and −2.06 (95% CI: −3.02, −1.11, p < 0.001; I2 = 50%, p = 0.09) mm Hg. Intravascular RDN using second-generation catheters reduced office SBP −6.30 (WMD, 95% CI: −7.67, −4.93, p < 0.001; I2 = 43%, p = 0.14) and DBP −3.88 (WMD, 95% CI: −4.44, −3.33, p < 0.001; I2 = 42%, p = 0.14) mm Hg, respectively. Conclusions: Intravascular RDN using second-generation catheters reduces ambulatory and office BP in patients with essential hypertension. The selection of appropriate hypertensive patients may be the major challenge for the performance of intravascular RDN in routine clinical practice.
Soluble Urokinase Receptor Levels Are Not Affected by the Systemic Inflammatory Response to Anesthesia and Operative Trauma
Authors: Laou Eleni , Papagiannakis Nikolaos , Tsiaka Aikaterini , Tsapournioti Stamatina , Chatzikallinikidis Konstantinos , Mantzaflaras Georgios , Karadontas Ioannis , Eugen-Olsen Jesper , Chalkias Athanasios
Published: April 2022

Introduction: Soluble urokinase plasminogen activator receptor (suPAR) is an emerging biomarker of the level of chronic systemic inflammation and the general condition of the patient. We aimed to investigate the impact of general anesthesia and major surgery on perioperative suPAR and C-reactive protein (CRP) levels. Methods: This study included patients undergoing elective major noncardiac surgery with an expected duration of ≥2 h under general anesthesia. Inclusion criteria were age ≥18 years and American Society of Anesthesiologists’ physical status I–IV. Blood was drawn 30 min prior to induction of anesthesia (preoperatively), as well as 30 min after emergence from anesthesia (postoperatively). Plasma suPAR levels were determined using the suPARnostic® Quick Triage lateral flow assay. CRP measurements were performed by particle-enhanced immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: The difference in preoperative and postoperative suPAR levels was not statistically significant (7.7 [5.28–10.4] ng/mL vs. 7.15 [5.68–9.8] ng/mL, p = 0.462). CRP levels increased significantly during surgery (0.81 [0.24–2.1] mg/dL vs. 5.76 [2.2–8.75] mg/dL, p < 0.001). No correlation was observed between CRP and suPAR levels, both preoperatively (rho = 0.127; p = 0.208) and postoperatively (rho = 0.017; p = 0.87). A statistically significant increase was also observed in postoperative white blood cell count (7.576 vs. 10.711, p < 0.001). Conclusion: General anesthesia and operative trauma did not affect perioperative suPAR levels despite the activation of systemic inflammatory response.
Evaluating the Feasibility of Screening Relatives of Patients Affected by Nonsyndromic Thoracic Aortic Diseases: The REST Study
Authors: Abbasciano Riccardo Giuseppe , Mariscalco Giovanni , Barwell Julian , Owens Gareth , Zakkar Mustafa , Joel‐David Lathishia , Pathak Suraj , Adebayo Adewale , Shannon Nora , Haines Rebecca Louise , Aujla Hardeep , Eagle‐Hemming Bryony , Kumar Tracy , Lai Florence , Wozniak Marcin , Murphy Gavin
Published: April 2022

Background

Diseases of the thoracic aorta are characterized by a familial etiology in up to 30% of the cases. Nonsyndromic thoracic aorta diseases (NS‐TADs) lack overt clinical signs and systemic features, which hinder early detection and prompt surgical intervention. We hypothesize that tailored genetic testing and imaging of first‐degree and second‐degree relatives of patients affected by NS‐TADs may enable early diagnosis and allow appropriate surveillance or intervention.

Methods and Results

We conducted a feasibility study involving probands affected by familial or sporadic NS‐TADs who had undergone surgery, which also offered screening to their relatives. Each participant underwent a combined imaging (echocardiogram and magnetic resonance imaging) and genetic (whole exome sequencing) evaluation, together with physical examination and psychological assessment. The study population included 16 probands (8 sporadic, 8 familial) and 54 relatives (41 first‐degree and 13 second‐degree relatives) with median age 48 years (range: 18–85 years). No syndromic physical features were observed. Imaging revealed mild‐to‐moderate aortic dilation in 24% of relatives. A genetic variant of uncertain significance was identified in 3 families. Imaging, further phenotyping, or a form of secondary prevention was indicated in 68% of the relatives in the familial group and 54% in the sporadic group. No participants fulfilled criteria for aortic surgery. No differences between baseline and 3‐month follow‐up scores for depression, anxiety, and self‐reported quality of life were observed.

Conclusions

In NS‐TADs, imaging tests, genetic counseling, and family screening yielded positive results in up to 1 out of 4 screened relatives, including those in the sporadic NS‐TAD group.

Registration

URL:
https://www.clinicaltrials.gov
; Unique identifier: NCT03861741.
First records of the genus Phrurotimpus Chamberlin & Ivie, 1935 from China, with two new species and one new combination (Araneae: Phrurolithidae)
Authors: MU YANNAN , LIN XUANYU , ZHANG FENG
Published: April 2022

The genus Phrurotimpus Chamberlin & Ivie, 1935, previously known only from the Nearctic, is found in Asia for the first time, with species recorded from the Yunnan Province of China. Two new species are described from both sexes, P. daliensis sp. n. and P. baoshanensis sp. n., and one new combination, P. lasiolepis (Fu, Chen & Zhang, 2016) comb. n., are reported in this study.
Cladocalon, a new genus of net-winged beetles from Central America and Mexico (Coleoptera: Lycidae)
Authors: NASCIMENTO ELYNTON ALVES DO , BOCAKOVA MILADA
Published: April 2022

Cladocalon gen. nov. is proposed within the tribe Eurrhacini in the subfamily Lycinae including five species: C. chiriquense (Gorham, 1884) comb. nov. and C. histrionicum (Gorham, 1884) comb. nov. (transferred from Calocladon), C. bugabense sp. nov., C. mexicanus sp. nov. and C. guatemalense sp. nov. Lectotypes and paralectotypes of the two previously described species are designated. A key to species is provided and illustrations of diagnostic features are given.
Immature stages and new host plant records for four satyrine species feeding on herbaceous bamboos in southeastern Peru (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae: Satyrinae: Satyrini)
Authors: CORAHUA-ESPINOZA THALIA , NAKAHARA SHINICHI , KABIR JAMAL , SHELLMAN BROOKE , TEJEIRA RAFAEL , CCAHUANA RODRIGO , GALLICE GEOFFREY
Published: April 2022

We here document the immature stages of three euptychiine butterflies, Nhambikuara mima (Butler, 1867), Splendeuptychia furina (Hewitson, 1862), and Paryphthimoides brixius (Godart, [1824]), all found feeding on a species of herbaceous bamboo, Taquara micrantha (Kunth) I.L.C.Oliveira & R.P.Oliveira (Poaceae: Bambusoideae: Olyreae) in Madre de Dios, Peru. This study is the first to report the life history of these three taxa with their natural host plant. We provide illustrations of immatures, head capsules, and the host plant for each of these three species. The immature morphology of these taxa supports recent generic arrangements of these three species in comparison with their close relatives, namely Splendeuptychia furina to Nhambikuara mima and Paryphthimoides brixius to Paryphthimoides terrestris (Butler, 1867), a species documented in our successive study. Thus, the present study includes taxonomic implications based on immature stages by discovering putative synapomorphic characters of larvae and pupae. These pairs of closely related species occur in micro-sympatry at the study site in southeastern Peru, and our observations possibly suggest niche partitioning between sibling species. Additionally, we report two herbaceous bamboo species, Olyra latifolia L. and Taquara micrantha (Kunth) I.L.C.Oliveira & R.P.Oliveira as the first known natural host plants for Magneuptychia harpyia (C. Felder & R. Felder, 1867).
Therapeutic Effect of Nano-Biomaterials After Sports Rupture of Anterior Cruciate Ligament
Authors: Yu Xiu-Tao , Ghonaem Eman. , Abdelhameed Wael.
Published: April 2022

Nano-biomaterials can assist in the repair and reconstruction of anterior cruciate ligament rupture caused by exercise. Based on this research background, 24 rats were selected for surgery to form anterior cruciate ligament rupture injury, and silk fibroin/polylactic acid-polycaprolactone
nanofiber scaffold was used for ligament reconstruction. After recovery treatment, we use computed tomography to diagnose the fracture and use histological staining to check. The results showed that there was a new bone formation in the rat’s ligament break. For this reason, we can conclude
that silk fibroin/polylactic acid-polycaprolactone nanofiber scaffold can assist in the repair and reconstruction of cruciate ligament rupture caused by sports. Therefore, this method is worthy of clinical promotion.
Application of Zirconia Ceramic Biomaterial Implants in the Restoration of Tooth Loss Caused by Periodontal Disease
Authors: Wei Zhili , Wei Li
Published: April 2022

Zirconia ceramics (ZiC) has become a biomaterial with good clinical application prospects due to its good biocompatibility, stability, and excellent mechanical properties. In this study, bioactive glass (BioS) was undertaken as the modifier, and the ZiC precursor solution was penetrated
on the surface of the ZiC body or the ZiC particles were coated with the BioS precursor solution, so as to obtain the ZiC with biological activity by introducing the BioS phase. While the material was characterized, its mechanical properties and biological activity were analyzed by simulating
the mineralization of the body fluid, including the cell adhesion, proliferation, and differentiation of the material. The ZiC was applied as an implant for restoration of patients with teeth loss caused by periodontal disease. In the test, after surface infiltration of BioS sol or coating
of ZiC particles, a very thin BioS phase can be formed on the surface of ZiC after high temperature sintering. The in vitro mineralization test showed that the activation of the grain boundary promoted the deposition of calcium and phosphorus layers on the surface of the sample. The
mechanical test revealed that the relative density, flexural strength, and fracture toughness of the material decreased with the infiltration and coating of BioS. However, under proper preparation conditions, the modified ZiC still showed good mechanical properties and can promote the spreading,
adhesion, and differentiation of mouse bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (mBMSCs). Clinical trials proved that after the modified ZiC implant material was implanted in patients with teeth loss, the structure was not loose or broken, and the intraoral prosthesis could function normally. After
treatment, the level of IL-1β in the gingival crevicular fluid of the patient decreased obviously (P <0.05). In addition, the probing depth (PD), clinical attachment loss (CAL), and other indicators decreased greatly (P <0.05).
Exploratory Mixed-Methods Study of a Primary Care–Based Intervention Promoting Shared Reading During Infancy
Authors: Crosh Clare C. , Barsella Adam , Van Slambrouck Leah , Notario Patricia M. , Li Yi , Parsons Allison A. , Hutton John S.
Published: April 2022

Parent-child “shared” reading can be a rich source of language exposure. Clinic-based programs, notably Reach Out and Read (ROR), are intended to enhance this. However, ROR has been traditionally introduced at 6 months and only recently expanded to younger ages. This study explored efficacy of an intervention delivered during pediatric well visits promoting shared reading prior to 6 months old, in terms of home reading attitudes and routines. The intervention group received children’s books and anticipatory guidance about benefits of shared reading, whereas the control group received general age-related anticipatory guidance. Surveys were administered at the child’s newborn (pre-intervention) and 6-month (post-intervention) well visits. Significant findings at 6 months included more frequent shared reading ( P = .03), greater comfort reading at this age ( P = .01), and greater importance attributed to shared reading ( P = .04) in the intervention group relative to controls. These support the expansion of early literacy interventions such as ROR into early infancy.
Does the Application of International Classification of Disease Codes for the Cause of Death on Death Certificates Reduce Garbage Codes?
Authors: Park Soobeom , Kim Sun Hyu
Published: April 2022

Introduction

This study aimed to determine if applying International Classification of Diseases (ICD) disease codes directly as the cause of death (COD) on death certificates (DCs) instead of writing or typing the COD could reduce the use of garbage codes.

Methods

Beginning in April of 2016, a documentation process change was made, retiring the process of hand-writing or typing the COD onto DCs to directly applying ICD disease codes that were registered during the patient’s course of treatment. The DCs issued at the emergency department (ED) 1 year before (Pre-code group) and after (Code group) applying ICD disease codes directly on DCs was instituted were retrospectively analyzed. The occurrence of garbage codes along with other major and minor errors was compared between the two groups. The investigation and judgment of errors were performed by four emergency physicians.

Results

The overall garbage code occurrence in the Code group (25%) was significantly lower than that in the Pre-code group (49%). Fewer garbage codes were used in the Code group with an average of .5 in the Pre-code group and .3 in the Code group. No significant difference was identified in major error occurrences except for in the garbage codes. Minor errors were more common in the Pre-code group than in the Code group.

Conclusion

The overall use of garbage codes on DCs could be reduced by changing the process by which physicians complete DCs, that is, the application of documenting ICD disease codes directly as the COD on DCs.
A comparative assessment of e-cigarette aerosol extracts and tobacco cigarette smoke extracts on in vitro endothelial cell inflammation response
Authors: Su Le , Zhao Minghan , Ma Feifan , An Zaiyong , Yue Qiulin , Zhao Chen , Sun Xin , Zhang Song , Xu Jing , Jiang Xingtao , Li Kunlun , Zhao Lin
Published: April 2022

With the development of the times, electronic cigarettes (e-cigarettes) are being received by more and more people. We compared the different effects of e-cigarettes and tobacco cigarettes on human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) treated with the typical e-cigarette aerosol extracts (ECA) and cigarette smoking extracts (CS) sourced from commercial retail stores. HUVECs were treated with different kinds of ECA or CS with different nicotinic concentrations (0.03125, 0.125, 0.5, 2, 8, or 32 μg/mL). Cell viability was examined by the MTT assay. The cell apoptosis was investigated by acridine orange (AO) and Hoechst 33258 staining. The RT-PCR and western blot assays were used to analyze the adhesion molecules and inflammation cytokines released by HUVECs. Furthermore, the intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) was observed by fluorescence microscopy. Our data showed that the CS (nicotine concentration at 0.125 μg/mL could decrease the viability of HUVECs by 71%, but not the four kinds of ECA. The apoptotic ratio was about 32.5% in the CS group. No matter the levels of adhesion molecules, inflammation cytokines or ROS, they were higher in CS groups than in ECA groups. Overall, the four kinds of e-cigarettes induced significantly less cytotoxicity than the commercially available tobacco cigarettes in HUVECs. The CS showed the most severe impact on HUVECs. ECA might provide a harm reduction measure, especially in cardiovascular risk, after people switch from tobacco cigarettes to e-cigarettes.
Improving human rights in mental health takes more than just changing the law: An audit of medical assessments in regional community patients in Queensland
Authors: Bateren Verere , Callaghan Sascha , Lan Xinning , Nagra Navjot , Rana Ashish
Published: April 2022

Objective:

To evaluate the medical assessments of involuntary community patients in a regional mental health service, determine the compliance with requirements under Queensland’s Mental Health Act 2016 (the Act) to regularly review orders and assess patients’ mental capacity.

Method:

We audited 183 patient records on community treatment authorities (CTAs) to determine whether medical assessments undertaken under the Act included consideration of the person’s capacity, and regular reviews by an authorised doctor as required1s205.

Results:

The audit revealed that 51% of the CTA patients did not comply with legal requirements either to complete a capacity assessment and/or be medically assessed within three months of the last review.

Conclusions:

Over 50% of medical assessments did not comply with the legislative requirements to record capacity assessments and review involuntary treatment on at least a three-month basis. However, when the treatment criteria were met, it did not appear to be a basis for CTA revocation. Further research may help determine whether the Mental Health Review Tribunal (Tribunal) could play a greater role in overseeing compliance with the new legislative requirements or if other clinical oversight mechanisms would be appropriate to improve the assessment process.
Timing of Spheno-Occipital Synchondrosis Closure in Cleft Lip and Palate Patients in Iranian Population
Authors: Hasani Mahvash , Mokhberi Marzieh , Karandish Maryam , Boroumand Rabieh
Published: April 2022

This study aimed to evaluate the chronological age range associated with each stage of spheno-occipital synchondrosis (SOS) fusion in patients with cleft lip and palate compared to the noncleft group, using cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) images.

In this study, the degree of SOS fusion was assessed using a 4-stage scoring system on CBCT images of 190 individuals (92 patients with cleft lip and palate, 98 noncleft individuals). A χ2 test was performed to assess the correlation between age and fusion stage. The independent sample t tests were used to evaluate the differences in the mean values of the samples of each group and each sex, as well as the mean value of each stage ( P < .05).

The results showed that there was no significant difference in the timing of the SOS fusion stages between the patients with cleft palate and the noncleft group. Although the fusion process of SOS begins about one year earlier in females, the complete ossification occurs at the mean age of 18.5 for both sexes in the experimental group and the mean age of 19.0 in the noncleft group.

The present study found no differences in the fusion stages of the spheno-occipital synchondrosis between patients with cleft lip and palate and healthy individuals.
Individual Religiosity and Career Choice: Does Cultural Religiosity Moderate the Relationship?
Authors: Ayob Abu H. , Mohd Nor Shifa
Published: April 2022

Although research on the influence of religion on entrepreneurial entry has progressed substantially, the conceptual and empirical approaches are still far from being conclusive. To advance, we utilize the big our religious dimensions to examine how internal (believing and behaving) and external (bonding and belonging) religiosity may affect the propensity of individuals to be self-employed rather than paid employees. Together, we test if the country’s level of religiosity moderates the relationship. Drawing on the recent World Values Survey Wave 7 (2017–2021), we analyzed data from a sample of 39,606 working adults in 49 countries. In general, we found that the self-employed consistently exhibit stronger religiosity of behaving, bonding, and belonging than paid workers. However, the moderating effects suggest that religiosity at the country level prevails over individual religiosity—consistent with the idea that social environment is a more dominant factor even in individual decision making.
Modeling the art historical canon
Authors: Bertens Laura M F
Published: April 2022

Although the art historical canon has been the subject of fierce debate, it remains an essential construct, shaping textbooks and survey courses. Visual representations of the canon often illustrate these narratives. Students encounter diagrams in their studies and it is important to make them aware of the illusion of scientific objectivity. This paper proposes the use of the computer ontology, as a modeling tool with which students can make translations of existing diagrams. This forces them to reconsider the modeling decisions underlying traditional representations. The article takes as its case study the translation of Alfred Barr’s diagram of Modern Art, using the free tool Protégé. An analysis of this process allows us to consider the ambiguous meanings of nodes, relationships and dimensions of the model. Asking students to actively recreate this network of information is shown to be a valuable addition to traditional survey courses on Modern Art.
Characterizing the Health and Safety Concerns of U.S. Rideshare Drivers: A Qualitative Pilot Study
Authors: Louzado-Feliciano Paola , Santiago Katerina M. , Ogunsina Kemi , Kling Hannah E. , Murphy Lauren A. , Schaefer Solle Natasha , Caban-Martinez Alberto J.
Published: April 2022

Background:

Despite the growth and popularity of gig work, limited information exists about the occupational health and safety concerns faced by individuals who are employed through ridesharing online applications. In this qualitative study, we characterized the perceived health and safety concerns of drivers employed by rideshare companies.

Methods:

During September–October 2019, we requested car rides, using digital rideshare platforms. During the ride, drivers responded verbally to a brief closed-end sociodemographic and work characteristics survey. A semi-structured interview script was used to collect rideshare driver perceptions on health and safety risks.

Findings:

A total of 35 rideshare drivers of group mean age of 43.1 ± 11.2 years were interviewed, of whom 77.1% were male and 82.9% identified as Latino. Sixty percent of participants reported rideshare as their primary job, working an average of 47.9 ± 19.6 hours weekly (minimum = 6 hours, maximum = 84 hours). Drivers enjoyed job autonomy yet faced stressors such as passenger risky behavior, car accidents, and lack of policies that protect the driver. Rideshare drivers also raised concerns about their current health status, economic pressures, and worker safety.

Conclusion/Application to Practice:

Drivers are forced to extend work hours to support themselves financially, exacerbating their current health concerns and safety risks as it means more time spent working in their sedentary job, compromising their mental and physical health as well as their safety. Occupational health and safety programs geared toward workers in the gig economy are needed.
Partial Bone Necrosis Following Sagittal Split Ramus Osteotomy: Report of a Complicated Orthognathic Jaw Surgery
Authors: Alalawy Haider , Kadhum Ammar S. , Abdulnabi Hussein A.
Published: April 2022

Study Design

Case Report.

Objective

To present a case of a previous complicated mandibular orthognathic surgery that aimed to setback the mandible in a female cleft lip and palate (CLP) patient, which led to bone necrosis on one side with subsequent severe mandibular deviation and facial asymmetry. We additionally reviewed the previous reports of similar complications, the pathophysiology and the factors that could lead to this dreadful result.

Method

A 27-year-old female patient presented with a severe dentofacial deformity secondary to a complicated bilateral sagittal split ramus osteotomy performed five years earlier, which resulted in aseptic bone necrosis on the right side. The patient had marked mandibular deviation, chin and midface retrusion and a pronounced occlusal discrepancy. Imaging demonstrated a bony defect at the right mandibular angle with a superiorly displaced proximal segment. Deviation of the mandible was corrected first by performing vertical ramus subsigmoid osteotomy (RSO) on the left side. The right bone defect was then reconstructed with a reconstruction plate and bone grafting. Maxillary and chin advancement was performed at a second stage.

Results

On follow-up, the patient shows a significant improvement in facial esthetics and mandibular symmetry and is currently under orthodontic management to enhance the occlusal relationship.

Conclusion

Bone necrosis is a rare but dreaded problem in orthognathic surgery. Minimizing the musculo-periosteal dissection and competent execution of the bone osteotomy is substantially effective in reducing the risk of bone ischemia and necrosis.
Compassion in the Time of COVID-19: Responding to Suffering in Organizations
Authors: Chen Angela , Köhler Tine
Published: April 2022

This article develops a taxonomy to capture how the COVID-19 pandemic has created particular forms of employee suffering. During the pandemic, employee suffering is initiated by personal or work conditions (or both) that trigger pain and concurrently lead the employee to question their self-worth, identity, and personhood. The article introduces readers to three dimensions of suffering that helps to categorize and distinguish between different forms of suffering: the source of the suffering, the location of the suffering, and employees’ perceived control over the suffering. Building on this taxonomy, we develop suggestions for ways in which managers can use compassion to alleviate employee suffering. We further discuss how organizational structures can enhance or impede compassionate responses. Overall, this article provides managers with a useful theory-based tool to facilitate appropriate responses to employee suffering during the pandemic.