bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Digital Literacy of Smallholder Farmers in Tanzania
Authors: Magesa Mawazo , Jonathan Joan , Urassa Justin
Published: September 2023

The objective of this study was to assess the digital literacy of smallholder farmers in their agricultural production activities. Based on six proposed factors, the researchers developed questions to guide studying and measuring digital literacy (DL) of smallholder farmers. On a 5-point Likert scale, 23 questions measured the ability of smallholders to access, manage, interpret, evaluate, create and communicate agriculture information online. Moreover, 257 smallholder farmers were involved in the study. To measure DL level, descriptive statistics and mean scores for the responses were calculated. A comparison of low and high levels of DL with demographic variables was conducted. The item-wise distribution of responses show that smallholders have high DL in accessing and communicating information, while they had low DL in managing, integrating, evaluating and creating information. The item’s mean score reveals that most of the responses were average. The overall mean score for the questionnaire was 75.17 + 5.79, and based on demographic characteristics, 58.0% of the smallholders reported high DL. Overall, smallholder farmers have an average level of DL. The study findings of this study may help governments and responsible institutions to develop strategies to ensure smallholders are digitally literate and use digital technologies in agricultural activities.
The Effects of Non-Uniformly-Aged Photovoltaic Array on Mismatch Power Loss: A Practical Investigation towards Novel Hybrid Array Configurations
Authors: Mansur Ahmed Al , Amin Md. Ruhul , Lipu Molla Shahadat Hossain , Islam Md. Imamul , Ashique Ratil H. , Shams Zubaeer Bin , Haq Mohammad Asif ul , Maruf Md. Hasan , Shihavuddin ASM
Published: September 2023

One of the most important causes of a reduction in power generation in PV panels is the non-uniform aging of photovoltaic (PV) modules. The increase in the current–voltage (I–V) mismatch among the array modules is the primary cause of this kind of degradation. There have been several array configurations investigated over the years to reduce mismatch power loss (MPL) caused by shadowing, but there have not been any experimental studies that have specifically examined the impact of various hybrid array topologies taking PV module aging into consideration. This research examines the influence of the non-uniform aging scenario on the performance of solar PV modules with various interconnection strategies. Experiments have been carried out on a 4 × 10, 400 W array with 12 possible configurations, including three proposed configurations (LD-TCT, SP-LD, and LD-SP), to detect the electrical characteristics of a PV system. Finally, the performances of different module configurations are analyzed where the newly proposed configurations (SP-LD and LD-SP) show 15.80% and 15.94% higher recoverable energy (RE), respectively, than the most-adopted configuration (SP). Moreover, among the twelve configurations, the SP configuration shows the highest percentage of MPL, which is about 17.96%, whereas LD-SP shows the lowest MPL at about 4.88%.
Soil Contaminants and Their Removal through Surfactant-Enhanced Soil Remediation: A Comprehensive Review
Authors: Tiwari Mehul , Tripathy Divya Bajpai
Published: September 2023

This review provides a comprehensive analysis of the effectiveness of surfactants in enhancing the remediation of contaminated soils. The study examines recent and older research on the use of effluent treatment techniques combined with synthetic surface-active agents, bio-surfactants, and various categories of surfactants for soil reclamation purposes. The main purpose of this review is to evaluate the effectiveness of surfactants in enhancing the remediation of contaminated soils. The research question is to explore the mechanisms through which surfactants enhance soil remediation and to assess the potential benefits and limitations of surfactant-based remediation methods. This review was conducted through an extensive literature search of relevant articles published in scientific databases. The articles were selected based on their relevance to the topic and their methodological rigor. Types of possible soil pollutants and the requirements of specific surfactants were discussed. Structural relationships between pollutant and surfactants were described thoroughly. Extensive study revealed that surfactants have shown great potential in enhancing the remediation of contaminated soils. Surfactants can improve the solubility and mobility of hydrophobic contaminants and facilitate their removal from soil. However, the effectiveness of surfactant-based remediation methods depends on several factors, including the type of contaminant, the soil properties, and the surfactant concentration and type. Surfactant-enhanced soil remediation can be an effective and sustainable method for addressing soil contamination. However, the optimal conditions for using surfactants depend on the specific site characteristics and contaminant properties, and further research is needed to optimize the use of surfactants in soil remediation.
Widespread Urban Regeneration of Existing Residential Areas in European Medium-Sized Cities—A Framework to Locate Redevelopment Interventions
Authors: Carra Martina , Caselli Barbara , Rossetti Silvia , Zazzi Michele
Published: September 2023

Within the scientific debate on urban regeneration, this paper intends to question possible planning techniques to address the implementation of widespread regeneration interventions in obsolete residential areas within medium-sized European cities, with particular attention to constructing a cognitive framework to locate redevelopment interventions. The widespread urban regeneration approach has yet to be sufficiently explored in the scientific literature, which focuses much more on replacing large derelict areas, though it seems particularly relevant for research and urban practice. This paper aims to illustrate a methodological framework for defining obsolete and degraded areas (at the block scale) suitable for redevelopment. Various criteria are considered, e.g., land use, buildings’ dating, state of preservation, population density, public spaces, and facility provision, and degree of accessibility. The methodological framework is then tested in the medium-sized Italian city of Parma. Data set parameters and threshold values to quantify the previously introduced criteria and perform GIS-based statistical and spatial analysis. The results show 96 areas potentially in need of regeneration, providing an opportunity to reflect on the criteria of suitability and priority for transformation and the framework of past and future planning scenarios.
Unveiling Ancestral Sustainability: A Comprehensive Study of Economic, Environmental, and Social Factors in Potato and Quinoa Cultivation in the Highland Aynokas of Puno, Peru
Authors: Calizaya Fredy , Gómez Luz , Zegarra Jorge , Pozo Melvin , Mindani Carmen , Caira Cirilo , Calizaya Elmer
Published: September 2023

Centuries of cultivation in the Highland Aynoka of Puno, Peru, have endowed indigenous crops such as potato and quinoa with rich cultural and nutritional value deeply ingrained in local traditions. This study meticulously evaluates their economic viability, environmental implications, and cultural importance by employing a mixed-methods research approach involving surveys, interviews, and observations. The outcome reveals that while the Economic Sustainability Index (EKI) moderately supports potato and quinoa production sustainability, with a value of 2.98, it falls short of significant impact. Conversely, the Environmental Sustainability Index (ESI) and the Social Sustainability Index (SSI) exhibit moderate levels of sustainability, recording values of 4.04 and 3.38 for ESI and SSI, respectively. These crops demonstrate acceptable economic feasibility, marked by consistent sales, income generation, and manageable production expenses. The findings underscore the urgency of endorsing sustainable farming methods to safeguard cultural heritage, boost market prospects, and fortify regional ecological robustness. Rooted in ancestral sustainability, potato and quinoa cultivation is a cornerstone in local food systems. Recognizing the cultural, economic, and environmental significance inherent to these crops, efforts can be channeled towards nurturing sustainable agricultural systems that uphold community well-being, conserve biodiversity, and facilitate cultural resilience in Puno’s Highland Aynoka.
Risk Analysis in the Food Cold Chain Using Decomposed Fuzzy Set-Based FMEA Approach
Authors: Arslan Özlem , Karakurt Necip , Cem Ecem , Cebi Selcuk
Published: September 2023

Risk analysis is employed across various domains, including the increasingly vital food supply chain, particularly highlighted by the COVID-19 pandemic. This study focuses on applying decomposed fuzzy sets (DFS), a novel extension of intuitionistic fuzzy sets, within the context of the food cold chain. The objective is to develop “Decomposed Fuzzy Set-Based FMEA (DF FMEA)” by extending the well-known failure mode and effect analysis (FMEA) method to DFS, to assess risks in the food cold chain. The functional and dysfunctional questions related to the severity, occurrence, and detectability of the identified risks; they were addressed to three experts working on the food cold chain. The purpose is to prevent an inconsistent assignment considering the uncertainty and indecision of decision makers. Due to the implementation of the DF FMEA, the identified risks were prioritized as follows: “Financial Risks” held the highest priority, followed by “Delivery Risks”, “Technological Ability Risks”, “Environmental Risks”, “Quality Risks”, and “Social Risks” with the lowest priority. The study’s practical impact lies in the innovative risk assessment method. By considering decision makers’ preferences and uncertainties, the DF FMEA approach enhances informed decision making. This contributes to a robust framework for addressing risks in the food cold chain, aiding practitioners in more effective risk management.
Impact of Climate Conditions on Pollutant Concentrations in the Effluent from a One-Stage Constructed Wetland: A Case Study
Authors: Operacz Agnieszka , Jóźwiakowski Krzysztof , Rodziewicz Joanna , Janczukowicz Wojciech , Bugajski Piotr
Published: September 2023

This paper reports the results of an investigation into the influence of precipitation and air temperature on the efficiency of pollutant removal processes and effluent pollutant concentrations in a one-stage constructed wetland with subsurface vertical flow. We studied an on-site constructed wetland system that used Phragmites australis for the treatment of domestic wastewater. The system was located in central Europe, in the south-east of Poland, in a temperate climate zone with transitional features. Physico-chemical analyses of influent and effluent wastewater, as well as measurements of precipitation and air temperature were carried out in the years 2001–2010. It was shown that the pollutant removal efficiency of the treatment plant was significantly higher in the growing season than outside the growing season (the mean efficiency is usually a few percent higher but generally this parameter is highly varied). This indicated that temperature determined the efficiency of the wastewater treatment. We found that the amount of precipitation affected the concentration of pollutants in the effluent. The more rainfall there was, the lower the content of pollutants in the effluent from the treatment plant, which demonstrated that rainwater diluted the concentrations of pollutants in the treated wastewater—thus improving the efficiency of the wastewater treatment plant.
Fractional Orthotriple Fuzzy Dombi Power Partitioned Muirhead Mean Operators and Their Application for Evaluating the Government Information Disclosure on Public Health Emergencies
Authors: Zang Yuqi , Sun Yue , Wen Yating , Miao Junling
Published: September 2023

Information disclosure is an important prerequisite and guarantee for the government to answer public health incidents in a timely manner, and is also a basic requirement for the management of emergencies. Evaluating the information disclosure on public health incidents is conducive to improving the quality of emergency information disclosure and comprehensively enhancing the emergency answer and treatment ability of public health incidents. In response to the complex uncertainties in the assessment of information disclosure on public health incidents, this paper proposes a new fuzzy multi-attribute evaluation method. First, a multi-attribute evaluation system for the assessment of information disclosure on public health emergencies is proposed. Then, a novel approach to information disclosure assessment is proposed on the basis of Dombi power divided Muirhead mean operators of fractional orthotriple fuzzy, which can fully consider the relationship between properties and the division of relationships within properties and reduce the distortion in the evaluation process. Meanwhile, it can avoid the impact of singular values on the overall evaluation outcomes of the government. In the end, the effectiveness and flexibility of the approach are validated through an empirical study of a real-life case with comparative analysis and sensitivity analysis.
The Protective Effect of Exogenous 17β-Estradiol against Experimentally Induced Oxidative Damage to Membrane Lipids Is Stronger in Male vs. Female Porcine Thyroids: Preliminary Results
Authors: Stępniak Jan , Koziróg Edward , Karbownik-Lewińska Małgorzata
Published: September 2023

It is well-known that thyroid diseases are more prevalent in women than in men. The contribution of sex hormones may explain such disparity. The aim of this study was to check if there are any differences between sexes concerning the effects of 17β-estradiol on oxidative damage to membrane lipids (lipid peroxidation) in porcine thyroid homogenates under basal conditions and in the presence of Fenton reaction (Fe2+ + H2O2→Fe3+ + •OH + OH−) substrates. We observed that 17β-estradiol did not change the basal level of lipid peroxidation (measured spectrophotometrically as concentrations of malondialdehyde + 4-hydroxyalkenals) in thyroid homogenates, and no differences were found between sexes. The lipid peroxidation level in response to Fe2+ + H2O2 plus 17β-estradiol was lower in male thyroids. In turn, in male thyroids, 17β-estradiol reduced experimentally induced lipid peroxidation in as low of a concentration as 0.1 μM, whereas in female thyroids the lowest effective concentration of 17β-estradiol was 10 μM, i.e., 100 times higher than in males. In conclusion, the protective effects of exogenous 17β-estradiol against experimentally induced oxidative damage to membrane lipids is stronger in male than in female thyroids. Our observation suggests that female tissue is less sensitive to the protective effects of exogenous 17β-estradiol. This sexual dimorphism of oxidative processes in the thyroid may constitute one of the mechanisms of the different prevalence of thyroid diseases in women and in men.
Introduction to the Toxins Special Issue on Botulinum Toxins: New Uses in the Treatment of Diseases
Authors: Luvisetto Siro
Published: September 2023

Studies on animals and humans have amply demonstrated the therapeutic efficacy of botulinum neurotoxins (BoNTs) in many pathologies [...]
Effectiveness of Mix-and-Match Vaccination in Preventing SARS-CoV-2 Omicron Variant Infection in Taiwan: A Test-Negative Control Study
Authors: Huang Yu-Tung , Chen Yi-Ching , Chuang Chih-Hsien , Chang Shang-Hung , Chiu Cheng-Hsun
Published: September 2023

This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness (VE) of mix-and-match vaccination against SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant infection and severe outcomes. An SARS-CoV-2 PCR-confirmed retrospective cohort from Chang Gung Medical System in Taiwan was constructed. Vaccination records were tracked from the National Immunization Information System and categorized by different regimens or unvaccinated status. The main outcomes are VE against PCR-confirmed infection and COVID-19-associated moderate to severe disease. Participants were observed during the Omicron wave from March to August 2022. Of 298,737 PCR testing results available, 162,219 were eligible for analysis. VE against infection was modest, ranging from 38.3% to 49.0%, while mRNA-based vaccine regimens revealed better protection against moderate to severe disease, ranging from 80.8% to 90.3%. Subgroup analysis revealed lower VE among persons with major illness in preventing moderate to severe disease. For young adults, the VE of protein-based vaccine regimens showed a comparable protection with other mixed vaccine regimens. The mix-and-match vaccination strategy provided modest clinical effectiveness in preventing Omicron variant infection. mRNA vaccine-based regimens were superior to other regimens against moderate to severe disease especially in older adults. The mix-and-match vaccination strategy could be an alternative to prevent COVID-19 in unstable vaccine supply regions.
Whole Genomic Characterization of Streptococcus iniae Isolates from Barramundi (Lates calcarifer) and Preliminary Evidence of Cross-Protective Immunization
Authors: Awate Sunita , Mubarka Salma , Huber Roland G.
Published: September 2023

Lates calcarifer, also known as Barramundi or Asian seabass, is a highly productive and fast-growing species that is well suited to large-scale aquaculture due to its attractive harvestable yields (premium fish). This fish has been envisioned as having the potential to be the “Salmon of Tropics”. Cultivating Lates calcarifer in aquaculture poses challenges, as the dense populations that make such aquaculture commercially viable facilitate the rapid spread of infectious diseases, which in turn significantly impact yield. Hence, the immunization of juveniles is necessary, and the development of new immunization agents enhances the efficiency of aquaculture and improves food security. In our study, we characterize seven novel strains of the bacterial pathogen Streptococcus iniae that were collected from commercial fish farms in Singapore and Australia. We find that the capsular operon in our strains is highly conserved and identify a number of major surface antigens previously described in Streptococcus. A genome analysis indicates that the present strains are closely related but form distinct strains within the S. iniae species. We then proceed to demonstrate that inoculation with the inactivated strain P3SAB cross-protects Lates calcarifer against S. iniae infections in vivo from a variety of strains found in both Singapore and Australia.
Does IPV Boost Intestinal Immunity among Children under Five Years of Age? An Experience from Pakistan
Authors: Habib Muhammad Atif , Soofi Sajid Bashir , Hussain Imtiaz , Ahmed Imran , Hussain Zamir , Tahir Rehman , Anwar Saeed , Cousens Simon , Bhutta Zulfiqar A.
Published: September 2023

The oral poliovirus vaccine (OPV) has been the mainstay of polio eradication, especially in low-income countries, and its use has eliminated wild poliovirus type 2. However, the inactivated poliovirus vaccine (IPV) is safer than OPV, as IPV protects against paralytic poliomyelitis without producing adverse reactions. The present study compared mucosal and humoral responses to poliovirus vaccines administered to previously OPV-immunized children to assess the immunity gap in children in areas of high poliovirus transmission. A cluster-randomized trial was implemented in three high-risk districts of Pakistan—Karachi, Kashmore, and Bajaur—from June 2013 to May 2014. This trial was community-oriented and included three arms, focusing on healthy children below five years of age. The study involved the randomization of 387 clusters, of which 360 were included in the final analysis. The control arm (A) received the routine polio program bivalent poliovirus vaccine (bOPV). The second arm (B) received additional interventions, including health camps providing routine vaccinations and preventive maternal and child health services. In addition to the interventions in arm B, the third arm (C) was also provided with IPV. Blood and stool samples were gathered from children to evaluate humoral and intestinal immunity. The highest levels of poliovirus type 1 serum antibodies were observed in Group C (IPV + OPV). The titers for poliovirus type 2 (P2) and poliovirus type 3 (P3) were noticeably higher in those who had received a routine OPV dose than in those who had not across all study groups and visits. Providing an IPV booster after at least two OPV doses could potentially fill immunity gaps in regions where OPV does not show high efficacy. However, IPV only marginally enhances humoral immunity and fails to offer intestinal immunity, which is critical to stop the infection and spread of live poliovirus in populations that have not been exposed before.
Jan De Ploey (1937-1992)
Authors: Editorial Equipe
Published: September 2023

Nota editorial em homenagem ao pesquisador Jan De Ploey (1937-1992)
IDENTIFIKASI GARIS BATAS CITRA HILAL MENGGUNAKAN KERNEL MATRIKS
Authors: Andreansyah Agus
Published: September 2023

IDENTIFICATION OF HILAL IMAGE BOUNDARIES USING MATRIX KERNELDetermination of worship times, especially the months of Ramadan, Shawwal, and Dzulhijah based on the sighting of the new crescent (first crescent) after sunset. The sighting of the hilal is sometimes problematic because it is often invisible or the hilal has decreased in quality (degradation) as happened in the Bangka Belitung Islands Province during monitoring to determine the beginning of Ramadan 1443 Hijriah. Thus, it is necessary to have a process for improving the hilal image to make it easier to identify or detect the clear, strong, and thick hilal boundary line. The processing of the new moon image starts from the process of changing the RGB image to a grayscale image which will make it easier to determine the new moon boundary line using the matrix kernel operators, namely roberts, prewitt, sobel, and canny. After applying the four operators, then the image is processed by thresholding segmentation to sharpen the image boundaries and separate objects from the background in an image based on their brightness or darkness. The test results of the four matrix kernel operators that were applied to the visible hilal image and the degraded hilal image showed that the prewitt and sobel operators had the best level of performance in detecting or identifying clear boundary lines. Meanwhile, the operator roberts is also able to detect the boundary line of the new moon image, but it is a bit thin and blurry. Unlike the case with the canny operator, which cannot detect it properly and cannot directly separate the object from the background.
EXPERT SYSTEM FOR DIAGNOSIS OF KIDNEY DISEASE WITH DEMPSTER SHAFER METHOD AT MEDIKA PLAZA CLINIC
Authors: Gunadi Goldie , Nursami Adi
Published: September 2023

SISTEM PAKAR UNTUK MENDIAGNOSA PENYAKIT GINJAL DENGAN METODE DEMPSTER SHAFER PADA KLINIK MEDIKA PLAZACurrent technological advances have changed manual information processing to computerized, making it faster and more accurate. One of the applications of information technology in the health sector is implemented in the form of an expert system application for diagnosing various diseases as done by a doctor or expert. Kidney disease is difficult to detect (often there are no warning signs) but is very life threatening to a person. Kidney is an important organ in the body that performs an important function in the body as a filter for salt, water and acids. The use of expert system applications is expected to provide accurate analytical results in determining the diagnosis of a person's kidney condition. The research was conducted to develop an expert system application for diagnosing kidney disease using the Dempster Shafer method at the Medika Plaza clinic, South Jakarta. From the test results it was concluded that this application could speed up doctors diagnosing patients with symptoms of kidney disease.
EVALUASI SALURAN DRAINASE AKIBAT SEDIMENTASI DENGAN MENGGUNAKAN PROGRAM HEC-RAS (CASE STUDY ON JALAN DR. SUTOMO)
Authors: Umam Khotibul , Misbah M.Tsubutus Surur Al , Rohmanto Decky
Published: September 2023

EVALUATION OF DRAINAGE CHANNEL DUE TO SEDIMENTATION USING THE HEC-RAS PROGRAM (CASE STUDY ON ROAD DR. SUTOMO)Flooding is one of the natural events that can be detrimental to humans. The flood that occurs is in the form of an overflow of water and will inundate lowlands or basins. Floods can also occur as a result of rainwater being trapped in a basin that becomes a puddle or as a result of a water storage container that can no longer accommodate the amount of water that enters it. This study aims to determine: (1). To find out the results of the evaluation of drainage canals on Road Dr. Sutomo, Jepara Regency (2). To find out the results of the evaluation of drainage canals on Road Dr. Sutomo, Jepara Regency, in the existing conditions with the HEC-RAS program (3). To provide solutions to overcome flooding on Road Dr. Sutomo, Jepara Regency. The data collection method used is (1). Field survey (2) Collection of primary data and secondary data (3). Checking data completeness (4). Analyze and evaluate data using HEC-RAS Software. The results showed that the drainage capacity on Road Dr. Sutomo has a discharge of 0.52 m3/s, or the equivalent of 52 liters/s. Shows that with this future drainage condition, it cannot accommodate the incoming water discharge. Because the maximum water discharge from the HEC-RAS calculation is 11.86 m3/sec, or 11860 liters/sec.
ANALISIS PENERAPAN KESEHATAN DAN KESELAMATAN KERJA MENGGUNAKAN METODE HAZARD IDENTIFICATION AND RISK ASSESSMENT (HIRA) (STUDI KASUS: UKM ATHAYA DRUMBAND)
Authors: Apsari Ayudyah Eka , Hadyanawati Anindya Agripina
Published: September 2023

ANALYSIS OF OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH AND SAFETY USING HAZARD IDENTIFICATION AND RISK ASSESSMENT (HIRA)(CASE STUUDY: SME’s ATHAYA DRUMBAND)DIY Province is a province that has a large number of SMEs. The number of SMEs in Yogyakarta in 2019 reached 42,155 units. One sector that is very influential on the economy is an industry engaged in the manufacturing sector. One of the products in the manufacturing sector is drumband equipment. This research was conducted to reduce work accidents by identifying the risks of hazards in the workplace. Identification of work accidents using the Hazard Identification and Risk Assessment (HIRA) method. HIRA aims to identify the potential hazards that exist in a company to assess the magnitude of the chance of an accident or loss. The results of this study state that there are 6 potential hazards in UKM Athaya Drumband. Being exposed to wood chips from cutting results, tired due to work attitudes, being exposed to chemicals, getting burns and impaired vision due to welding activities, and being injured due to exposure to leftover production materials that are scattered. The biggest risk is the welding process, namely the dangerous end of the weld and work attitude with a percentage of 28.57%. The potential hazard in the form of chemicals in paint also has a high presentation of 19.05%.
Application Marketing Strategy Using Social Media in the Technology Industry: A Case Study of Gojek, Medan City
Authors: Nasution Wirayuda , Sumanti Solihah Titin
Published: September 2023

This study aims to analyze application marketing strategies using social media in the technology industry: a case study of Gojek, Medan City. Gojek has been operating in the city of Medan, which is the capital of North Sumatra Province, Indonesia. With the presence of Gojek in Medan, people can enjoy the various services offered by this company. It's just that Gojek's success in the city of Medan cannot be obtained without a marketing strategy using social media. Therefore, to analyze it using descriptive qualitative research methods. Data collection is done by means of observation, interviews, document analysis, literature study. The results of the study show that advertisements issued by Gojek in the city of Medan utilize social media such as Instagram, Youtube, Twitter, TikTok, Facebook and others. Big ideas that are unique and innovative, then able to be broken down in more detail. There are five strategies for Gojek in Medan City in utilizing social media, namely: 1) Visual and storytelling with an attractive composition; 2) Using continuity in everyday life; 3) The right location for ad placement (both offline and online media); 4) Demographic analysis of specific target markets.
A Comparison of Reduplication Between Patani Malay (Southern Thailand) and Indonesian
Authors: Safina Nila , Rita Rita , Soraya Ratna , Kartika Rika , Topake Affan
Published: September 2023

This research is entitled "Comparison of Indonesian Language Reduplication and Patani Malay (South Thailand)". The research problem is whether there are similarities and differences in the form of reduplication of Indonesian and Patani Malay words. The collected data will be described, analyzed and interpreted in detail in order to obtain a correct picture of the similarities and differences between Indonesian and Patani Malay reduplications. The research method used is descriptive method which is used to record and describe the reduplication of Indonesian words with Patani Malay. If language data is used without comparison with previous data and this method is used to check reduplication at a glance, then it is refined by selecting and grouping according to the form of reduplication used as a reference in comparison. The conclusion in this study is that in the form of reduplication, Indonesian and Patani Malay have similarities and differences, the differences come from phonemics and pronunciation. The similarities and differences of each form are: 1. Basic reword 2. Reword based on meaning and takes the form 3. Rewords are based on phoneme forms.
Airline Responsibility for Loss and Damage to Passeger Goods From the Perspective of Wahbah Az-Zuhaili
Authors: Siregar Ummi Kalsum , Tarigan Tetty Marlina
Published: September 2023

Responsibility can be defined as acondition of being obliged to bear something if there is something that can be claimed, dusputed, allowed, and so on, in the context of legal of legal rwlations between one person and another with more emphasis on individual interests, privat in nature. this paper aims to find out how airlines are responsible for damage and loss of passeger goods. In order to approach this problem, a reference to qualiltative theory is used. data data was collected through secondary and primary data sources and analyzed qualitatively. This study councludes that even the students who damage the goods are caused by general workers, so the one who guarantees it is the instructor because he is the one who is basically resposible, so it is as if he himself did the damage
Legal Liability of Business Actors Who Advertise Defective Products to Consumers
Authors: Cristina Maria
Published: September 2023

This research aims to discuss consumer protection in the relationship between business actors and consumers, specifically focusing on the legal liability of businesses that advertise defective products to consumers. The research method used is the normative doctrinal method with an analytical descriptive approach. Primary and secondary data are obtained through literature study and analysis of applicable laws and regulations. The results show that consumers have an important role as end users of products and services offered by businesses. However, consumers' negotiating power is limited due to product complexity, false information, and power imbalances. Legal protection is needed to safeguard consumers who are in a vulnerable position. Consumer protection laws in Indonesia, such as the Consumer Protection Law (UUPK), aim to increase consumers' understanding and awareness of their rights. Therefore, consumer protection needs to be strengthened through education, training, and the implementation of clear regulations.
Dampak Sosial Ekonomi Perusahaan Batu-Bara Terhadap Kehidupan Masyarakat Di Desa Bhuana Jaya Kabupaten Kutai Kartanegara
Authors: Anwar Yaskinul , Adiannur Adiannur , Komariyah Laili
Published: September 2023

Desa Bhuana Jaya merupakan desa yang berada di Kabupaten Kutai Kartanegara yang wilayahnya terdapat pertambangan yang telah beroperasi sejak tahun 1995. Perusahaan memberikan dampak sosial akibat adanya pendatang yang bekerja di perusahaan maupun perubahan perekonomian masyarakat dengan dibukanya pertambangan di desa ini. Maka dari itu fokus penelitian ini untuk mengidentifikasi dampak sosial dan ekonomi keberadaan perusahaan tambang batu bara terhdap kehidupan masyarakat di Desa Bhuana Jaya, Kecamatan Tenggarong Seberang, kabupaten Kutai Kartanegara. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif dengan pendekatan kualitatif terkait dampak sosial dan ekonomi yang dirasakan masyarakat dari keberadaan pertambangan batu bara. Data dikumpulkan melalui wawancara kepada masyarakat secara random dengan kriteria sampel masyarakat asli dan berusia diatas 20 tahun. Guna validasi data dilakukan triangulasi data hasil wawancara dengan masyarakat dengan hasil wawancara dengan tokoh – tokoh masyarakat serta hasil observasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa dampak sosial yang dirasakan masyarakat selama adanya perusahaan adalah terjadinya konflik lahan dan kecemburuan sosial, perubahan mata pencaharian, serta pergeseran budaya masyarakat.  Sedangkan dampak ekonomi yang dirasakan masyarakat selama adanya perusahaan batu-bara seperti terbukanya lapangan pekerjaan bagi masyarakat lokal, serta peningkatan pendapatan masyarakat, menciptakan lapangan pekerjaan dan usaha baru. Dampak inilah yang dirasakan masyarakat secara langsung maupun tidak langsung yang membuat pergeseran sosial dan ekonomi.
Analisis Kredibilitas Dan Tanggung Jawab Auditor Pemerintah Dalam Pendeteksian Fraud Pada Laporan Keuangan Provinsi Sumatera Utara
Authors: Marpaung Linda Wahyu , Astuty Widia , Sari Eka Nurmala
Published: September 2023

The purpose of this study is to analyze and test the effect of auditor credibility on the process of detecting fraud in financial statements and the effect of auditor responsibility on the process of detecting fraud in the financial statements of North Sumatra Province. The research method used is explorative qualitative with inductive data analysis and the research results emphasize meaning rather than generalization. This research is explorative qualitative in nature because the research that the researchers conducted aims to provide an overview of the audit process at the inspectorate of North Sumatra Province so that a narrative is obtained to reach a conclusion. The results of the study are that the inspectorate auditor has sufficient credibility and experience in examinations, the data found and recommended for North Sumatra Province for the 2013 to 2017 period there were 1,423 findings and 1,709 recommendations. With details of cases completed as many as 1,197. In the process as many as 142 recommendations and 344 have not been followed up. Then for Regencies/Cities 1,668 findings and 2,040 recommendations. Examination The auditor carries out his responsibility to detect fraud, conducts inspections in accordance with procedures and after carrying out the inspection, provides feedback by conducting formal correspondence procedures soliciting responses from the object being examined.
Analisis Framing Caleg Selebritis di Media Online pada Pemilu 2024
Authors: Sugiarto Sugiarto
Published: September 2023

Celebrities have taken part in Indonesian elections since 1971. They were employed in populist political party recruitment operations. They frequently serve as canvassers for political parties with an interest in reaching the minimal threshold. The artist is convinced that he will be able to pass being elected as a member of the legislature because of his popularity. This study examines how celebrity candidates for the 2024 election are framed in online media. The Entman framing analysis model is employed for the analysis. Republika.co.id, Kompas.id, and Tribunnews.com are the web publications used in this study. Based on Problem Identification, even though celebrity candidates do not have the ideal qualities and capabilities to become members of the legislature, there are still many celebrity candidates in every election. Causal Interpretation, from this phenomenon is that the process of regeneration and regeneration in all political parties is not going well, on the other hand political parties need a machine to gain votes to pass the threshold of sufficient votes. So that the Moral Judgment of this problem is that political parties are more focused on improving the performance of their members and celebrity candidates with good quality and capability can become the choice of political parties. The Treatment Recommendation that can be offered is to provide celebrity candidates with political education by political parties, bearing in mind that the functions, duties and position of the legislature are one of the strategic pillars of power for a country.
Kajian Terhadap Common Errors dalam Penerapan Aturan Subject-Verb Agreement Bahasa Inggris
Authors: Ekayati Rini
Published: September 2023

English as a foreign language that is widely used in the world provides a challenge to every learner. Grammar rules in English are one of the challenges faced by learners, especially in Subject-verb Agreement rules. This article aims to analyze the types of common errors made by students and determine the types of common errors with the highest percentage of common errors found. With a qualitative and quantitative descriptive design, this study chose students in the English Education Study Program, FKIP UMSU as the research sample. Based on the results of the analysis, it was found that there were three types of common errors found in the use of subject-verb agreement rules in English by students at the English Education Study Program, errors between singular/plural subjects, errors in tense selection, and types of errors in the form 'to' form of verb/split of verb. Furthermore, it can be obtained that the highest percentage of errors obtained is in the type of 'to' form of verb/split of verb in question no. 20 where there were 82 students who answered incorrectly with a percentage of 66.12%.
Synthesis of Environmentally Friendly Carbon Nano Fibers with Methanol by Using Chemical Vapor Deposition Technique
Authors: CUMBUL ALTAY Melek
Published: September 2023

This study aims to investigate the suitability of methanol as a carbon source for the synthesis of carbon nanofibres (CNFs), currently used in wastewater, water, and air purification systems, by chemical vapor deposition (CVD) in the presence of NiO catalyst. Experimental studies were carried out in a tube furnace under isothermal conditions. Catalyst particles were loaded onto silicon wafers with orientation by dip coating to grow CNFs. The reduction behavior of nickel oxide powder at 1000 K under non-isothermal and isothermal conditions was investigated before CNF synthesis studies. The percentage reduction of nickel oxide powder under non-isothermal conditions was 82.03%. The percentage reduction under isothermal conditions for 30 min was 78.03%. The experimental result obtained is very close to the theoretical value (78.57%). During CNF synthesis experiments, it was observed that CNF formation was not achieved at temperatures of 1000 - 1100 K due to the poor thermal decomposition of methanol. Pyrolysis of methanol increased with increasing synthesis temperature (1200 K), which promoted the synthesis of CNFs. SEM analysis revealed morphologically dense CNF formation under isothermal conditions for 20 min at 1300K synthesis temperature.
Assessment of the impact of Curcumin on cell cultures derived from the primary intervertebral disc tissue in humans
Authors: Albayrak Mehmet , Yilmaz Ibrahim , Yuzbasi Muharrem Furkan , Akalan Hande , Sirin Duygu Yasar , Karaarslan Numan , Ozbek Hanefi , Ates Ozkan
Published: September 2023

ÖZET
Amaç: Lomber omurga bölgesinde dejeneratif disk hastalığı yaygın
olarak gözlemlenmektedir. Dejeneratif disk hastalıkları, yaşlılıkta
bel ağrısının nedenlerinden biridir. Modern ilaç keşfi çalışmaları,
daha güvenli bir profille dejenerasyona karşı çoklu yolları
hedefleyebilen potansiyel molekülleri tanımlamayı amaçlamıştır.
Bu çalışmanın amacı, doğal bir fenolik bileşik olan kurkuminin,
lomber disk herniasyonu olan hastaların cerrahileri sırasında
çıkarılan intervertebral disk (IVD) dokuları kullanılarak hazırlanan
primer hücre kültürleri üzerindeki etkilerini değerlendirmektir.
Materyal ve Metotlar: Sekiz hastanın insan IVD dokuları
kullanılarak primer hücre kültürleri hazırlandı. Tedavi edilmemiş
gruplar kontrol grubu olarak hizmet etti, kurkumin tedavisi
uygulanan gruplar ise çalışma örneği olarak kullanıldı. Tüm
gruplarda in-vitro sitotoksisite analizleri yapıldı. Hücre yüzey
morfolojilerini değerlendirmek için Akrin Orange (AO)/
Propidyum İodür (PI) ve Janus Green B boyaması yapıldı. Elde
edilen verileri değerlendirmek için tek yönlü varyans analizi ve
çoklu karşılaştırma testi olarak Tukey HSD kullanıldı.
Bulgular: Kurkumin tedavisi uygulanan örneklerde 24 saat sonra
hafif bir şekilde çoğalma görülürken, 48 ve 72 saatlik kurkumin
tedavisi uygulanan örneklerde kontrol örneklerine kıyasla azaldı.
Elde edilen sonuçlar istatistiksel olarak anlamlıydı (p<0.05). Ayrıca
morfolojik değerlendirmelere göre sitotoksisite gözlenmedi.
Sonuç: Bu araştırma in-vitro deneysel bir çalışmadır. Ancak, bu
doğal ve toksik olmayan çok yönlü ajan uygun ilaç taşıma sistemleri
aracılığıyla hücre hasarlı bölgelere yönlendirilebilir. Bu nedenle
gelecekte dejeneratif lomber IVD hücrelerinin rejenerasyonu için
güvenli bir tedavi seçeneği olabilir.
DISCRIMINATION OF CERASUS HUMILIS FRUIT MATURITY BASED ON HYPERSPECTRAL IMAGING TECHNOLOGY
Authors: WANG Bin , YANG Hua , LI Lily
Published: September 2023

In order to realize the rapid and accurate identification of different maturity of Cerasus humilis fruit, this study explored the nondestructive testing method of Cerasus Humilis fruit maturity based on hyperspectral imaging technology. The hyperspectral data of 320 samples of Cerasus humilis fruit were collected by using a hyperspectral imaging system in the range of 895~1700 nm. By comparing the prediction accuracy of the partial least squares (PLS) model established by four preprocessing methods, the competitive adaptive reweighted algorithm (CARS), successive projection algorithm (SPA), and random frog (RF) were used to extract characteristic wavelengths, and partial least squares-discriminant analysis (PLS-DA) and least squares-support vector machine (LS-SVM) discriminant models were established. The results showed that the SPA-LS-SVM model had the highest discrimination accuracy for the four types of maturity samples, and the discrimination accuracy of the correction set and prediction set were 85.00% and 87.50%, respectively. This study provides a theoretical reference for the rapid and nondestructive testing of the maturity of Cerasus Humilis fruit by hyperspectral imaging technology.
STUDY ON THE VARIATION OF THERMAL ENVIRONMENT AND PHOTOSYNTHESIS CHARACTERISTICS OF STRAWBERRY IN A SOLAR GREENHOUSE
Authors: CHENG Weiwei , WANG Yu , WANG Changchao , WANG Tao , HE Junlin , LIU Zhouhua
Published: September 2023

The sunken solar greenhouse is suitable for the development of vertical planting, which results in higher yield. In order to investigate the effect of temperature on photosynthesis of plants, an experimental study was conducted on the temperature and photosynthesis of strawberry plants at different heights in the sunken solar greenhouse. The study showed that when the indoor temperature was higher than 25.5℃, the photosynthesis of plants was inhibited; the transpiration rate decreased by 3.89 and photosynthesis rate decreased by 3.95 when the air temperature increased from 25.5℃ to 33.3℃ and then decreased to 25.4℃ at a height of 1.8m from the indoor floor; there were temperature differences in the vertical direction between the indoor temperatures of the sunken heliostat. The maximum temperatures at 0 m, 0.6 m, 1.0 m, 1.4 m, and 1.8 m height were 20.6°C, 24.1°C, 25.4°C, 25.4°C, 33, and 3°C, respectively, and different temperatures would have different photosynthetic characteristics of plants. This study can provide basic support for greenhouse regulation.
«ce matin je (.) mangE une banane». L’expression du passé dans des interactions avec des apprenants débutants du français L3
Authors:   , Zürn Clément
Published: September 2023

The thesis presents a qualitative analysis of the linguistical und interactive tools used by seven lower sec-ondary school students (10th degree HARMOS) when it comes to narrating what they have been doing in the past. The longitudinal study is based on a corpus of approximately seven hours of video recording, collected over one school year (2017-2018) in three secondary schools of Canton Zurich. The interactions took place outside the classroom, with the aim of creating a situation with some characteristics of an au-thentic conversation. The interpretation of the data was made according to the method of conversational analysis. It focuses on the use of past morphology and conversational strategies aimed at overcoming pro-duction or communication difficulties. The study has a dual objective: (i) analyse the ability to produce accounts of past events by elementary school learners, from a holistic perspective that considers both lin-guistic and interactive dimensions; (ii) identify the interactive verbal and mimogestural processes used by the L1 speaker to support the production of stories. With (i), the thesis contributes to a better knowledge of both the development of verbal morphology and the development of interactive competences of begin-ner learners in a school environment. With (ii) it broadens our knowledge of the complexity of supporting interactional processes and more generally of strategies aimed at overcoming communicative obstacles, by paying attention to the interface between the participants' verbal and mimogestural behaviour.
Study of the Mechanical Strength of Epoxy as an E-glass Composite Adhesive for Unmanned Aircraft
Authors: Muzayadah Nurul Lailatul , Satrio Nurtiasto Taufiq
Published: September 2023

An unmanned aircraft (UAV) is an aircraft that does not require a crew on board in its operation. This type of aircraft is widely used as a remote monitoring tool such as monitoring disaster sites, monitoring plantation areas, monitoring forests to monitoring enemy areas carried out by the military. For this reason, a study of the adhesive strength required in the connection of unmanned aircraft is needed, such as ribs, spars, skins. From the results of this study, it was found that the mechanical strength of epoxy adhesives depends on several factors such as manufacturer, epoxy content, and operating temperature. The hypothesis of the strength of the epoxy experiment results used by Pustekbang LAPAN ranged from 2,400.4 + 190.6 to 9,664.2 + 1,769.6 psi at room temperature.