bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Manajemen Pembiayaan Pendidikan Sekolah di Indonesia
Authors: Rukimin
Published: May 2024

This article aims to comprehensively explore the management of education financing in schools across Indonesia. The research adopts a literature review approach, gathering data through meticulous source searches and synthesizing information from diverse references, including books, journals, and previous research. The findings of this study reveal that the education budget encompasses the allocation of funds used to facilitate educational services. Whether for public schools or governmental entities (at both central and regional levels), the authority for budget utilization is governed by legal frameworks. Nationally, the Ministry of Education and Culture (Kemendikbud) and the Ministry of Research, Technology, and Higher Education (Kemenristek Dikti) play pivotal roles in determining the education budget, specifying its sources and objectives. At the regional level, Provincial, District, and City governments, through the Education Service Unit (Satker Dinas Pendidikan), are accountable for planning and overseeing the utilization of education budgets in line with their respective jurisdictions and discretion. Simultaneously, at the school level, active involvement in planning and executing agreed-upon school programs funded by the budget is undertaken by the school principal in collaboration with the school community.
Peran Tradisi Wetonan dalam Menjaga Identitas Budaya Masyarakat Adat Jawa
Authors: Saffana Alzahra  , Desy Safitri  , Sujarwo
Published: May 2024

The wetonan tradition is a birth calculation system based on the Javanese calendar, a cultural heritage of the Javanese indigenous people that is rich in spiritual values and local wisdom. In this context, the wetonan tradition is not only a series of ceremonies or astrological calculations, but also a cultural heritage that includes local wisdom values and spiritual beliefs that have been passed down from generation to generation. In the current era of globalization, the wetonan tradition is faced with various challenges that threaten its survival. Changes in people’s attitudes and mindsets, urbanization, and doubts about traditional values are some of the main challenges. Shifting values and priorities in society, changes in value and belief systems, and doubts about the role of tradition in the era of globalization are some of the main challenges. However, preserving the wetonan tradition is crucial to maintaining a rich and diverse cultural identity and strengthening the solidarity of Javanese indigenous communities. To maintain and face the challenges of the wetonan tradition remaining relevant and valued by the community, concrete steps are needed. In facing this challenge, it is important to continue to educate the public about the cultural and spiritual values contained in the wetonan tradition, as well as to replant these values to strengthen the sustainability of the wetonan tradition amid the ongoing flow of modernization and globalization. Thus, the wetonan tradition can continue to live and develop as an integral part of the cultural identity of Javanese society. The preservation of this tradition not only ensures the continuity of a rich cultural heritage, but also strengthens solidarity and togetherness in Javanese indigenous communities. Therefore, measures to maintain and preserve the wetonan tradition need to be continuously strengthened to ensure that this cultural heritage remains alive and relevant for future generations.
Efficacy of Tribulus terrestris on diabetes and sexual disorders: A narrative review
Authors: Bouabdallah Salwa , Ben-Attia Mossadok , Eldahshan Omayma A
Published: May 2024

Tribulus terrestris L. (T. terrestris) is widely distributed worldwide (Australia, Europe, India, North Africa). It typically contains a substantial amount of active ingredients, especially saponins, alkaloids, flavonoids, tannins, terpenoids, and phenol carboxylic acids. Additionally, T. terrestris has been frequently used in folk medicine and as a food supplement, highlighting the importance of evaluating its phytopharmacological properties. Various hypotheses suggest that this species may have significant potential in preventing and improving various human conditions, including diabetes, inflammatory diseases, low sexual desire, and infertility. Phytochemical studies reveal a significant disparity in the content of active substances, with a notable gap in the concentrations of spirostanol saponins and furostanol, which are the predominant active ingredients associated with therapeutic effects. The objective of this present review is to evaluate T. terrestris -based formulations by exploring various potential mechanisms of action, aiming to determine whether the use of T. terrestris supplements is justified in the context of diabetes and its complications.
Hubungan riwayat sarapan pagi, tingkat kecukupan gizi makro dan status gizi dengan prestasi belajar anak di SD Inpres Lili Kabupaten Kupang
Authors: Natalia Kaho Devi , Picauly Intje , Sinaga Mindo
Published: May 2024

Breakfast is a very important mealtime, representing 15-25% of the total daily energy intake or 15-30% of the total daily nutrient intake to achieve a healthy, active, and intelligent life. Nutritional status has a significant influence on the level of intelligence and understanding of lessons in the classroom; if a child's nutritional status is insufficient or even poor, it affects the incompleteness of subject understanding and weakens learning outcomes. The purpose of this research is to analyze the history of breakfast, adequacy of macronutrients, and nutritional status with the academic achievement of children at Inpres Lili Elementary School, Kupang Regency. This type of research is an analytical observational study using a cross-sectional approach. The research sample was determined using purposive sampling method, which consisted of 137 students from Inpres Lili Elementary School, Kupang Regency. Statistical tests used were Chi-Square test and multiple logistic regression. Bivariate analysis results show a significant relationship between breakfast (p=0.000), level of macronutrient adequacy (p=0.000), and nutritional status (p=0.000) with academic achievement. Multivariate analysis results show that the history of breakfast, adequacy of macronutrients, and nutritional status are significantly related to academic achievement. Therefore, schools should implement routine nutritional and health monitoring programs and provide counseling or training on balanced nutritious food consumption.
COMMON BACTERIOLOGICAL PATHOGENS AND THEIR ANTIBIOTIC SENSITIVITY PATTERN IN BILE OF PATIENTS WITH CHOLELITHIASIS
Authors: Hameed Kanwal , Amir Ali Asif Ali , Parveen Sughra , Khan Imran , Ali Jehangir , Waheed Abdul
Published: May 2024

Background: To determine the pattern of antibiotic susceptibility of common bacteriological pathogens of bile in patients with Cholelithiasis.
Material and Methods: A prospective cross-sectional study was conducted in the department of surgery, Jinnah Postgraduate Medical Center, from January 2020 to July 2020. All patients between the ages of 16 and 65, with symptomatic cholelithiasis operated by open or laparoscopic cholecystectomy were included in this study. Patients with acute cholecystitis, obstructive jaundice, and common bile duct stones were excluded from the study. Cultures and Sensitivity tests were performed for aerobes and anaerobes pathogens in JPMC laboratory. Socio-demographic variables and clinical parameters were recorded in a predefined proforma. Data was entered and analyzed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences version 26.
Results: Out of a total of 610 samples, 314 cultures were positive for bacteria. Bacteriological investigation revealed Escherichia coli was isolated in 97 (30.89%) patients, Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae in 66 (21.02%), Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, and Shigella sonnei in 18 (5.73%), Escherichia coli, Salmonella enterica in 18 (5.73%), only Klebsiella pneumoniae in 64 (20.38%), Salmonella enterica in 15 (4.78%), Salmonella enterica and Klebsiella pneumoniae in 32 (10.19%), and Shigella sonnei in 4 (1.27%) patients. The most susceptible antibiotic for microorganisms on the whole was Imipenem (66.7%). The highest resistance was shown against Cefradine (76.4%).
Conclusion: The current study concludes that the most common bacteria of symptomatic cholelithiasis are Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae followed by Salmonella enterica and Shigella sonnei. These bacteria showed an overall susceptibility to Imipenem.
Key Words: Bacteriological investigation, Symptomatic cholelithiasis, Culture, Sensitivity, Antibiotics
RESPONSE TO INTRADERMAL ROUTE OF HEPATITIS B VACCINATION IN CHILDREN ON MAINTENANCE HEMODIALYSIS: A SINGLE CENTER EXPERIENCE
Authors: Khan Kalimullah , Zubair Aasia , Madiha Aziz  , Agha Sanaullah , Kumar Pawan , Hashmi Seema
Published: May 2024

Background: To determine the response of intradermal route of hepatitis B vaccine (HBV) in pediatric dialysis patients.
Material and Methods: Prospective, observational study carried out in the Hemodialysis Unit, Sindh Institute of Urology and Transplantation (SIUT), Karachi, from October 2021 to September 2022.Patients younger than 18 years, Hepatitis B surface antigen negative irrespective of primary vaccination status, were tested for anti-Hepatitis B antibody titers. Those with levels less than 10IU/L were recruited for intradermal vaccination at 0,1 and 6 months and titers rechecked in the 2nd and 7th month of study.
Results: Of the 168 children screened, 81 (48%) patients were eligible for vaccination, however, 52 agreed to participate. Males were 27 (52%). Mean age was 12.18± 2.61 years. End-stage kidney disease due to unknown etiology was the most common cause in 27 (52%) patients with mean dialysis duration being 1.43±1 years. Most, 48 (92%) patients were hypertensive and majority, 47 (90%) patients tested negative for hepatitis C. Final analysis was done on 38 patients. Thirty-four (89.4%) patients responded; 25 (65.8%) being good and excellent responders. Mean antibody titers before intradermal vaccination of 2.87±3 IU/L improved to 383±397 IU/L.  Ages 11-15 years showed a statistically significant association with the development of anti-Hepatitis B antibody titers (p value: 0.02) while gender, dialysis duration, pre-vaccination HBs titers, hepatitis C status, hypertension and cause of end-stage kidney disease did not have any effect.
Conclusion: ID route of HBV is efficacious in producing seroprotective anti-HBs titers in pediatric ESKD patients. Children 11-15 years had more robust response.
Keywords: Children, Hemodialysis, Hepatitis B, Intradermal, Vaccination
SHIGELLEMIA IN A CHILD WITH GASTROENTERITIS: A CASE REPORT AND REVIEW OF MICROBIOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT
Authors: Khan Ejaz Ahmed , Ullah Inayat , Khan Ejaz Ahmed
Published: May 2024

Shigellemia is a rare entity of sepsis encountered in individuals having gastroenteritis caused by shigella spp. It is reported to be common in infants, immunocompromised, those having chronic illnesses and post-transplant patients on immunosuppressants. We present a case of a two and half year-old child who developed sepsis like illness during recovery from gastroenteritis. Shigella spp was isolated from blood culture and he responded well to oral antibiotics. This case illustrates the importance of blood and stool cultures that need to be sent in every febrile gastroenteritis case irrespective of immune status. Early detection and prompt treatment will likely improve outcome.
Keywords: Shigellemia, Gastroenteritis, Child
COMPARISON BETWEEN MINI-BAL AND BAL RESULTS AMONG ICU PATIENTS WITH PREDOMINANT RIGHT LOWER LOBE PNEUMONIA
Authors: Ahmad Anam , Ali Naqvi Syed Mazhar , Nazir Humaira , Sarwar Noma , Aslam Waqas , Tariq Rabia
Published: May 2024

Background: Bacterial pneumonia is one of the public health concerns with high ICU admissions, morbidity and mortality in individuals of all ages worldwide. The diagnosis in intensive care unit (ICU) settings poses challenges, primarily obtaining rapid and reliable microbiological confirmation. Objective of the present study is to compare the results of mini-BAL and BAL among ICU patients with predominant right lower lobe pneumonia.
Material and Methods:  This Prospective randomized comparative cross-sectional study as done Medical ICU, Services Hospital, Lahore – 1 year. The study was carried out after approval from the institute's ethics committee. Our study had 66 participants, 33 in each group. Each group of patients was assigned at random. The first group had the BAL procedure, whereas the second group received the mini-BAL procedure. Both groups' demographic, clinical, laboratory, bacteriological, and mycological data were obtained. SPSS version 23 was used to analyse the data collected. Mean, standard deviation, frequency, and percentages were utilised in descriptive statistics. The Chi square test was also used to compare groups. Cut off set to p<0.05.
Results: The BAL technique isolated bacteriological pathogens in 13(39.4%) patients and mini-BAL technique isolated bacteriological pathogens in 15(45.5%) patients. The BAL technique isolated mycological pathogens in 12(36.4%) patients and mini-BAL technique isolated mycological pathogens in 14(42.4%) patients. There was no statistically significant difference among the two procedures. (p>0.05)
Conclusion: In the mini-BAL group, the frequency of isolation of bacteria and mycological pathogens is slightly higher. Although there was no statistically significant difference, we propose that mini-BAL be used instead BAL because it is less invasive.
Key Words: Comparison, Mini-BAL, BAL ICU patients, Right lower lobe, Pneumonia
THE MUCORMYCOSIS CRISIS: AN EPIDEMIC WITHIN A PANDEMIC
Authors: Aamir Asma , Hanif Faisal
Published: May 2024

With the second wave of COVID-19 in the April of 2021, the deadly mucormycosis outbreak surfaced in South Asia. Mucormycosis infection is an uncommon yet perilous angio-invasive fungal infection with a fatality rate of 54% globally. Immunocompromised COVID-19 patients with underlying comorbidities like diabetes mellitus and who were on prolonged steroid medications were the most vulnerable to develop this infection. Regionally, a highly disproportionate increase in COVID-19 associated mucormycosis (CAM) was observed. While there has been vigorous attention on the pathological risk factors, little attention has been paid to the environmental factors specific to different regions which may explain the grotesque increase in CAM cases in some regions while ordinary increase in the other. Recognizing the interplay between the two factors will aid epidemiologists in understanding the spread of the disease and help prevent future epidemics. This review analyzes the current literature on CAM to update clinicians on circumstances that lead to outbreak.
Keywords: Covid-19 Associated Mucormycosis, Mucormycosis, South Asia.
The current spectrum of infections in cancer patients with chemotherapy related neutropenia
Authors: Ashfaq Maliha , Haider Ghulam , Ather Tooba , Ahsan Mahnoor , Khan Mohammad Ejaz , Seher Sana
Published: May 2024

Background: New cancer treatments have improved patient survival but also bring side effects like weakened immunity and higher infection risk. The present study aimed to assess the pattern of blood stream infections and antimicrobial resistance in blood isolates of neutropenic patients.
Material and Methods: This Cross-sectional, observational study was conducted at Department of Oncology, Jinnah Postgraduate Medical Centre, Karachi, Pakistan between August 2019 to August 2020. Malignant patients who underwent chemotherapy and presented with fever, neutropenia, and positive bacterial blood culture were enrolled in the study. Patients with a recent history of blood transfusion were excluded. The spectrum of bacterial infections and the antimicrobial resistance patterns of causative organisms isolated from blood were studied. The CLSI standard antimicrobial panel was used for each microorganism. Findings were presented in tabular form.
Results: During the study period 95 organisms were isolated from the blood cultures. Strains of E. Coli, Klebsiella, Pseudomonas, S. Aureus, S. Pneumoniae, were found in 27 (28.4%), 18 (18.9%), 13 (13.7%), 17 (17.9%), and 2 (2.1%) patients, respectively. 44.0% of E. coli, 68.8% of Klebsiella, and 38.5% of Pseudomonas were resistant to tazobactam. 92.6% of E. coli, 88.2% of Klebsiella, 100% of Pseudomonas were resistant to Co-amoxiclav. 52.9% of Staph aureus were resistant to methicillin. 23 (92.0%) strains of E. coli, 15 (83.3%) strains of Klebsiella, 6 (46.2%) strains of Pseudomonas, and 11 (68.8%) of Staph aureus were resistant to ciprofloxacin.
Conclusion: Resistance to the majority of the commonly used antimicrobial drugs was noted. Continuous antimicrobial resistance surveillance of the everchanging spectrum of causative organisms and their characterization is very important to treat the bloodstream infections (BSI) in cancer patients with chemotherapy induced neutropenia. 
Keywords: Neutropenia Infection, Fever, Antimicrobial resistance, Chemotherapy.
Combating misinformation, approached through media training initiatives
Authors:   HCMC University of Economics and Finance, Hoang Ha Hong Thi , Hoang Hoang Huy ,   University of Economics, Hue University
Published: May 2024

In the context of digital communication and the Internet, fakenews propagates rapidly, across multiple platforms and with a wide reach, causing profound damage and eroding societal trust. However, fakenews is not an entirely novel issue. The concept encompasses and unavoidably intertwines with long-standing biases inherent in communication. Fakenews essentially represents an age-old narrative bolstered by new technology and flourishing within the online environment. Media organizations and individuals have endeavored to counter fakenews through various means, encompassing both technical and human-centric approaches. Developing communication programs ought to be designed to shape and cultivate anti-disinformation skills, establishing a robust foundation for the future career development of communication professionals. These programs aim to equip individuals within the field with the tools necessary to combat disinformation, thereby fortifying a resilient groundwork for the future of the communication industry.
Experience in developing green banking activities
Authors:   UEH University, Nguyen Anh Quoc , Tang Sang My ,   HCMC University of Economics and Finance
Published: May 2024

This article aims to explore green banking activities being implemented in other countries and propose solutions for Vietnamese commercial banks. To accomplish this goal, the author presented models of India, Malaysia, Indonesia, China, and Bangladesh. The study employed a qualitative approach. The results show that for effective implementation, there needs to be synchronized policies from the central bank or governing body and commercial banks. The results also show that there are two groups of activities that banks can deploy depending on the bank’s capacity. Two groups of activities include direct activities and indirect activities.
Exploring the customer experience of Vietnam airlines via sentiment analysis
Authors:   Van Lang University, Ton Hien Trong Nguyen
Published: May 2024

The sentiment analysis of social media has gained much attention due to the succinct nature of comments, enabling access to public opinions. Using this technique, the present study aimed to explore customer sentiments regarding their experiences with Vietnam Airlines, the national carrier. According to the Skytrax evaluation, Vietnam Airlines achieved a 4-star rating out of 5, indicating the need for service improvements to attain perfection. The significance of this research lies in providing a comprehensive perspective on customer experience evaluations. To achieve this, we utilized the Valence Aware Dictionary for Reasoner (VADER) to classify sentiments expressed in social networking forum data. The dataset comprised 670 reviews from the Skytrax forum, which underwent a data pre-processing phase. The results exhibited favorable accuracy in detecting ternary and multiple sentiment classes. The comparative analysis between visual customer ratings and their corresponding comments yielded similar outcomes. Additionally, the results highlighted the need for a re-evaluation of the in-flight entertainment system.
Developing a Toolkit to Measure the Impact of Programme Assessment Result on Improving the Teaching Quality
Authors: Nguyen Thi Bich Ngoc , Le Huy Tung
Published: May 2024

This study aimed to develop a valid and reliable toolkit to measure the impact of external assessment results and improve teaching activities in engineering majors at Vietnamese universities. The study comprised two stages: development and testing of the questionaire. In addition to desk research, expert interviews were conducted with six education quality assurance specialists to assess the content and construct validity of a several items intended to gauge the impact of external assessment results on improving  teaching activities in the questionaire. Simultaneously, SPSS 26.0 software was employed to ensure the validity and reliability of the scale following the testing phase involving sample 439 lecturers teaching engineering majors. The research findings indicated that Cronbach's alpha coefficients were above 0.7,  and 38 out of 40 questions  exhibited a total variable correlation of over 0.03, thereby ensuring the reliability of the scale. Furthermore, the development of this scale is poised to furnish valuable data for improving  teaching activities at the higher education institutions.
Partial Endorsement in Commercial Paper: Reasons for Rejection and Justifications for Acceptance (Critical Study)
Authors: Rjoub Abdelsalaam Mohammad
Published: May 2024

This research paper strives to demonstrate how commercial paper trades through endorsement and for this trading to be correct and effective for its impact, the endorsement must meet the necessary objectives and formal conditions for that. One of the special objective conditions for endorsement is that it should be on the full immutable right in the commercial paper, but opinions have emerged from jurisprudence and the judiciary considered that partial endorsement is valid and effective to raise, so this study is done to elaborate the reasons for the endorsement invalidity in general and to study partial endorsement in specific, to find out the motives adhered to by jurisprudence to consider partial endorsement invalid, as well as provided a response by balancing between acceptance of endorsement and the reasons for rejection.  In conclusion, the introduction of a new exception to the rules of endorsement will not be unusual.
PERINATAL STROKE IN CHILDREN WITH INTRAUTERINE HERPES VIRUS INFECTIONS
Authors: Ayupova D.Sh. , Madjidova Yo.N.
Published: May 2024

The present paper is devoted to the study of perinatal stroke in children with herpes virus infection. We show the actuality of virus infection during pregnancy and its effect on cerebral hemodynamics on fetus during intrauterine development. In this paper we discuss the clinical-neurological and neuropsychological outcomes of not only herpes virus but also concominant CMV induced hemorrhagic and ischemic stroke in children after birth.
COMMUNICATION OF RISK OF MORTALITY OF THE POPULATION WITH METEOROLOGICAL CONDITIONS IN THE CITY OF GANJA
Authors: Mamedbayli A.K. , Aliyev R.R. , Sadikhova Z.M.
Published: May 2024

Research objective was to estimate possibilities of forecasting of mortality risk of the population on materials of meteorological supervision on the example of the city of Ganja. In 2012 the base of me-teorological reports and the statistician of mortality was developed, communication between them was studied by means of analyses of dispersion, correlation, regression and the table Excel. It was established that in days, when average daily air temperature was lower than the 10th centile (0.5-2.6ºC), the risk of mortality increases. For an assessment of communication of mortality risk and me-teorological factors, it is specified that regression analyses have to be more reliable. It was estab-lished that the average daily temperature and average monthly duration of sunshine are in the return proportionality with mortality risk; their communication can be expressed by more reliable polynom-inal regression equation. In climatic conditions of the city of Ganja at an average daily temperature 0.5-2.6 ºC, the average monthly duration of sunshine in range of 86-100 and 268-304 high mortality is expected. The optimum average daily temperature associating with reduction of mortality risk is in the range of18-25 ºC.
NEUROLOGICAL COMPLICATIONS AT OPERATIONS AT CHILDREN WITH CONGENITAL HEART DISEASE
Authors: Ibragimova N.A. , Nurmuhamedova M.A.
Published: May 2024

This article presents a literature review of current issues in neurology and cardiac surgery in children with congenital heart disease. During the surgery the patient's brain is exposed to prolonged hypoxia, toxic influences of narcotic drugs, which in turn exacerbate the neurological complications in the postoperative period, are superimposed on existing neurological symptoms. The urgency of the problem of diagnosis of neurological disorders in children with congenital heart disease, due to anatomical and physiological characteristics of the child, as well as the severity of the general condition, as the neurological symptoms are often masked the symptoms of the underlying disease of the central nervous system. Timely diagnosis related neurological disorders in children in this category is also necessary for the proper conduct of preoperative preparation, adequate surgery, as well as a choice of tactics of treatment in the postoperative period.
RISK FACTORS AND COMORBIDITY IN HEREDITARY DISEASES IN CHILDREN
Authors: Okilzhonova N.A. , Ziyahodzhaeva L.U.
Published: May 2024

This article presents the results of a study of 26 children with hereditary diseases. As a result, an integrated clinical and anamnestic survey found that the increase in the number of pregnancy risk of developing hereditary diseases in children is increased, and the analysis of obstetric and gynecological history indicates the presence of family history. All children with hereditary diseases recorded comorbidity, which is based on disorders of the cardiovascular and neurological system.
AGE STRUCTURE OF PATIENTS WITH STROKE
Authors: Shiraliyeva R.K. , Aliyev R.R. , Sadikhova Z.M. , Hasanov R.L. , Mammadova M.N. , Guliyeva A.I.
Published: May 2024

The ame of this study was exploring age as risk factor for stroke among 173 stroke cases which registered during 3 years (01.01.2007-31.12.2009) in Siyazan region of Azerbaijan. Mean age of stroke cases during investigated years was 65.2±0.9. Males had stroke at a younger age - 62.2±1.3 than females - 68.2±1.2 (p<0.001). Patients residing in rural areas had stroke at older age than urban population, which was at a statistically significant level. Most of the stroke patients fell into the age groups of 50-59 and 70-79. In first age group men, in second women. Mean age for ischaemic and hemorrhagic stroke cases was 65.8±0.9 and 57.6±3.4, respectively.
ANTIHYPERTENSIVE THERAPY AS PREVENTION OF STROKE AND OTHER CEREBROVASCULAR COMPLICATIONS
Authors: Sultanova S.S. , Gasimova F.N.
Published: May 2024

This article presents the results of many randomized trials demonstrating the need for early diagnosis, rational treatment, the competent control and optimization of arterial hypertension. All these measures will prevent the development of stroke and other cerebrovascular complications, occupying one of the first places among causes of death and permanent disability.
ELECTRONEUROMYOGRAPHYCAL FEATURES OF POLYNEUROPATHY IN CHILDREN
Authors: Mirdjuraev E.M. , Ismailov Z.N. , Mirzaeva M.I.
Published: May 2024

According to experts, by 2015 the number of newborns with congenital disorders will account for 18-20% of the total number of births. The purpose of this study is to investigate the clinical and electroneuromyographic features of polyneuropathy in children. We examined 42 children of both sexes with an established diagnosis of polyneuropathy at the age from 7 to 18 years, the average age of 7.19±0.72 years. Summary of NIS-LL scale among the examined children was 6.74±0.6 points; mainly changes were symmetrical on the right and on the left side. By electroneuromyography ENMG studies significant differences were found in the amplitudes of the M-response in the distal peroneal nerve at 1.56±0.15 mV (P<0.01), tibial nerve 9.13±0.68 mV (P<0.05), The speed of spread of excitation on the motor fibers of the tibial nerve 52.0±1.64 m/s (P<0.05). Received changes of ENMG results testifies about the injuries of axonal factors of sensor and motor nerve fibers and the possible accession of secondary demyelination in children with polyneuropathy.
THE CHARACTERISTIC AND USE OF THE PADDING FIXING EQUIPMENT AT CERVICAL DISCECTOMY
Authors: Etibarlı S.A. , Qarayev I.J. , Novruzov E.H. , Nabizade R.Z.
Published: May 2024

The history of discectomy at the cervical level of a backbone has rather recent term. High mobility of this level, and also heavy gradient of a difference concerning the sizes of bodies of vertebrae and intervertebral space induced neurosurgeons to padding fixing of vertebrae of a neck during operation. The purpose of this work is to give the characteristic and to prove use of padding methods of fixing at a discogenic compression of nervous elements of cervical level of a spine. In the modern spinal neurosurgery broad application, when carrying out operations for hernias of intervertebral disks of cervical level of a spine, received placement using of cages Besides, anterior plates and back fixing of structures of spine are used. The parts of the fixing system made from a titanium, differ in the reliability in resistance to corrosion, not ability to formation of artefacts at CT and MPI inspection.
CLINICAL, NEUROPHYSIOLOGIC, AND NEUROPSYCHOLOGIC ASPECTS OF DEVELOPMENT OF NEUROLOGIC DISORDERS IN PRETERM INFANTS. PREMATURITY AND DISABILITY: NEUROLOGIC REHABILITATION ISSUES (LITERATURE REVIEW)
Authors: Vigovskaya L.E. , Gaynutdinov A.R.
Published: May 2024

Pathogenesis of cell apoptosis with development of neurotoxic reactions on various levels of Central Nervous System in premature babies is presented here. Also, predictive characterization of various neurologic disorders in premature patients is described. Analysis of vegetative regulation allows selection of rehabilitation measures in born at gestational ages.
HIDDEN SPINAL DYSRAPHISM IN THE STRUCTURE OF OSTEONEURAL SPINE ANOMALIES IN CHILDREN
Authors: Madzhidova Y.N. , Ergasheva N.N. , Ergasheva N.N.
Published: May 2024

Despite the long-term study of the problem of spinal dysraphism, its relevance is associated with a high frequency of children born with this disease and long-term effects that have medical-social value. In verified materials there are 144 sick children with osteoneural myelopathy assessed the frequency and characteristics of existing neurological disorders in hidden spinal dysraphism. Found that a combination of high MICs with urogenital and anorectal anomalies contribute aggravation of their flow.
ASSESSMENT OF THE DEVELOPMENTAL FEATURES IN CHILDREN WITH DYSPHASIA (ALALIA)
Authors: Zavadenko N.N. , Shchederkina I.O. , Zavadenko A.N. , Kozlova E.V.
Published: May 2024

The developmental dysphasia (alalia) represents a severe speech and language disorder in children due to the brain cortex language areas underdevelopment or damage in the preverbal period. 120 patients with developmental dysphasia were studied aged from 3 to 4,5 years (89 males and 31 females). The assessment with DP–3 tool (Developmental Profile 3, Alpern G.D., 2009) revealed the developmental delay not only in communication skills, but also in physical/motor, adaptive behavior, social-emotional and cognitive areas. Thus, early diagnosis and treatment of the disorders in speech and language development are very important.
POSSIBILITY OF MR TRACTOGRAPHY IN EVALUATION OF PATHWAYS AT MODERATE-COGNITIVE DISORDERS WITH CHRONIC CEREBRAL ISCHEMIA
Authors: Majidova E.N. , Khodjaeva D.T. , Khaydarovа D.K. , Khaydarov N.K.
Published: May 2024

A significant decline in the fractional anisotropy in patients with chronic cerebral ischemia with mild cognitive disorders, especially in the white matter of the frontal lobes is proof starting neurodegenerative process in the brain, which can later be transformed into one or another form of dementia. The latter may indicate a need for MR tractography in all patients with cognitive impairment, which in turn will improve the early diagnosis of various forms of dementia.
STURGE-WEBER SYNDROME
Authors: Sadikhova Z.M. , Mammadova M.N. , Aliyev R.R. , Babayeva B.A. , Huseynova N.M. , Guliyeva A.I. , Gasimov M.A.
Published: May 2024

Sturge-Weber syndrome (SWS) refers to phakomatoses. In the classic form of SWS there are the triad of symptoms such as skin angioma, pathology of the eye and neurological disorders. In our clinical case on one half of the face are observed reddish, bluish tint cutaneous nevi "port wine stains" - angiomatosis, on the same side in the gyrus of the occipital-temporal-parietal lobes calcifications vertically up to 60mm (on computer tomography), generalized seizures which resistant to the treatment and sharp-slowly wave complex on electroencephalography, headaches, eye disorders as impaired vision and pain in the eyeball. The diagnosis was based on cutaneous angiomatosis, calcifications in the brain and seizures. Such patients recommended medical supervision, in case of increase of clinical symptoms providing preventive measures with the use of surgical methods.
TIC HYPERKINESIAS IN CHILDREN AND THEIR COMORBIDITY
Authors: Azimovа N.M. , Achilova K.T.
Published: May 2024

This article analyzes the literature over the past decade on the issue of tic hyperkinesias at children, and methods of their correction. The development of child neurology was marked by significant progress in the study of etiology, pathogenesis, clinical manifestations and treatment of tic hyperkinesias interest of scientists justified the high incidence of this disease in the pediatric population of the world and a great social importance. In the last decade, much attention is paid to the attendant ticks cognitive and behavioral disorders. The results of evaluation of cognition, not confirmed by the objective functional methods are different, and often contradictory. In this regard, great importance attaches to the neurophysiological studies that help to reveal the relation of subcortical structures and cortical responses imbalance of excitation and inhibition, to objectify clinical data to assess the state of cognitive functions and the effectiveness of treatment.
COMPARISON BETWEEN NEBULISATION OF MGSO4 20 MG/KGBW WITH KETAMINE 0.5 MG/KGBW ON THE INCIDENT OF POST-OPERATIVE SORE THROAT DUE TO ENDOTRACHEAL INTUBATION IN PATIENTS UNDERGOING GENERAL ANESTHESIA IN DR. HASAN SADIKIN HOSPITALS BANDUNG
Authors: Widianto Sudjud Reza , Erias Erlangga Muchammad , Akbar Diki
Published: May 2024

Post Operative Sore Throat (POST) is a Symptoms often experienced by patients after surgery under general anesthesia and endotracheal intubation. The incidence of POST is between 21-71.8. POST causes discomfort to patients which can prolong hospital stay. In this study, a comparison was made between MgSO4 nebulization 20 mg/ KgBW and ketamine nebulization 0.5 mg/ KgBW on the incidence of POST after general anesthesia at RSUP Dr. Hasan Sadikin Bandung . This study used a double blind randomized controlled trial design. 72 elective surgery patients were randomly divided into 2 groups. Group M was given MgSO4 nebulization while group K was given ketamine nebulization. Nebulization was performed 15 minutes before induction of general anesthesia. POST monitoring was performed at 1, 4 and 24 hours after extubation using POST scoring. In this study, it was found that the incidence of POST in group M, namely the 1st hour of 13.5, the 4th hour of 10.8 and the 24th hour of 0 was lower than that in group K, namely the 1st hour of 28.5, the 4th hour of 32.5 and the 24th hour of 0. Statistical test results p0.033 showed a significant difference in group M better than group K at the 4th hour in reducing the incidence of POST. MgSO4 and ketamine have antinociceptive and anti-inflammatory effects with the mechanism of action of blocking NMDA receptors that inhibit calcium influx that avoids central sensitization. MgSO4 also has a muscle relaxing effect and reduces airway mucus secretion, thus reducing the risk of trauma during endotracheal intubation. The conclusion of this study is that MgSO4 nebulization shows a lower incidence of POST than ketamine nebulization.
Some Fixed Point Theorems For Mappings Satisfying Contractive Conditions Of Integral Type
Authors: Jha Naveen
Published: May 2024

In this paper, we establish some common fixed-point theorems for two pairs of weakly compatible mappings satisfying integral type contractive conditions integral type in dislocated metric spaces by using E.A. which improves and extends similar known results in the literature.
 
2010 AMS Mathematics Subject Classification: 54H25, 47H10
Deep Learning in Autonomous Vehicles: A Review
Authors: Patra Bhupesh , Mahalwar Abha
Published: May 2024

Autonomous vehicles (AVs) represent a transformative technology that has the potential to revolutionize transportation systems worldwide. Deep learning, a subset of machine learning, plays a crucial role in the development and operation of AVs by enabling perception, decision-making, and control. This paper provides a comprehensive review of the role of deep learning in AVs, covering topics such as object detection, lane detection, traffic sign recognition, localization, mapping, behaviour planning, and control systems. The paper also discusses the challenges and limitations of deep learning in AVs, including data quality and quantity, safety and security concerns, environmental factors, and regulatory and legal challenges. Furthermore, the paper examines recent advancements in deep learning models for AVs, integration with other technologies, potential impacts on society and industry, and future research directions. By providing a detailed overview of deep learning applications in AVs, this review aims to contribute to the ongoing discourse surrounding the development and deployment of autonomous vehicles.
ABOUT NORWEGIAN TRADITIONAL FOLK MUSIC
Authors: Умхольт П.А. , Орлов С.В.
Published: May 2024

В основу статьи легла лекция-презентация, представленная доцентом Университета Юго-Восточной Норвегии Пером Асмундтом Умхольтом 3 мая 2018 года в Петрозаводской государственной консерватории имени А. К. Глазунова. По пожеланию и с согласия господина Умхольта преподаватель Петрозаводской консерватории С. В. Орлов перевёл выступление на русский язык и внёс необходимые изменения при подготовке материала к публикации. Предлагаемая работа имеет ознакомительный характер. В первой части статьи обрисовывается исторический контекст, в котором формировалась норвежская народная музыка, во второй – приводятся примеры фольклорных жанров и народных инструментов.

The article is based on a presentation lecture delivered by Per Åsmund Omholt, Associate Professor at the University of South-Eastern Norway, on May 3, 2018, at the Petrozavodsk State Glazunov Conservatoire. Upon Mr. Omholt's request, Senior Instructor at the State Glazunov Conservatoire Serge V. Orlov translated the presentation lecture into Russian and made necessary changes while preparing the material for publishing. This paper is of introductory nature. The first part of it describes the historical context in which Norwegian folk music was formed. The second part presents genres and instruments of Norwegian folk music.
THE ISSUE OF THE MUSICAL TEXT PRONUNCIATION IN THE LIGHT OF THE RHETORICAL TRADITIONS
Authors: Художникова С.И.
Published: May 2024

Современное исполнение западноевропейской музыки XVII–XVIII веков заметно отличается от принципов, изложенных в трактатах эпохи барокко. Важнейшим средством выражения барочного текста является артикуляция и акцентуация, которые были подчинены риторическим традициям. Музыкальная риторика – это не только свод правил и набор готовых клише. Трактаты прошлых веков представляют музыканта как искусного ритора, который должен владеть интонацией, ясной артикуляцией, уметь расставить эмфатические акценты и овладеть сердцами слушателей.

Modern performance of Western European music of the 17th–18th centuries differs dramatically from the principles stated in the tractates of the Baroque era. The most important means of expression of the Baroque text are the articulation and the accentuation that have been subordinate to rhetorical traditions. Musical rhetoric is not a set of rules and clichés only. The tractates of the last centuries describe a musician as a skillful rhetor who has to have control over intonation, clear articulation, the one who is able to place emphatic accents and seize the hearts of the listeners.
Investigating the Impact of Instagram Travel Influencers on the Travel Intentions of Chinese Students Studying in the UK
Authors: Lin Hongyu
Published: May 2024

Social media influencers (SMIs) marketing has proven to be a successful strategy in the travel industry, engaging with specific consumer target groups in a trustworthy and approachable manner. Of the many social media platforms, Instagram is the most popular with Generation Y and Z. The majority of Chinese students in the UK for higher education are Gen Z and Chinese students spend the most on travel in the UK. Therefore, the aim of this study is to investigate the impact of Instagram travel influencers on the travel intentions of Chinese students studying in the UK. This study proposed hypotheses based on the Stimulus-Organism-Response model that the quality of information generated by Instagram travel influencers, their credibility and popularity & engagement have a positive effect on the generation of follower trust, and that trust has a positive effect on travel intention. To test the hypotheses, this study collected data from Chinese Gen Y and Z students studying in the UK by means of a questionnaire. The results showed that the credibility and popularity & engagement of Instagram travel influencers had a positive effect on followers generating trust and trust had a positive effect on travel intention, while the quality of information generated by Instagram travel influencers had no effect on trust. This study contributes to the existing literature for the impacts of SMIs on international students’ travel intention and provides practical implications for travel agencies in the UK to choose propriate SMIs to promote the destinations and for travel influencers to reap benefits from the travel industry.
Effect of Filters in Photoplethysmography Analog Signals Using Open-Source LTspice Software
Authors: Pandi  , Abuzairi Tomy
Published: May 2024

Analog signal processing plays a crucial role in the realm of biomedical signal analysis. This study investigates the application of analog signal processing techniques in the domain of biomedical signals, focusing on enhancing the quality and reliability of recorded physiological data. The primary emphasis is on the implementation of analog filters and amplifiers to address challenges such as noise reduction, signal conditioning, and overall signal improvement. The processing of physiological signals, such as photoplethysmography (PPG), necessitates the use of amplifiers and filters within a range of 0.4 to 5Hz. Signal noise can stem from various sources, including the test subject’s muscle movement, respiration, humming, power line interference, or even from the device itself. The research methodology involves a comparison of 3 different order of Butterworth filter circuits and their impact on the signal. The test input signal is derived from an SpO$_2$ simulator, read by a standard PPG sensor, and processed by the internal 12-bit ADC of Nucleo-F429ZI. The resulting data is stored in CSV format for subsequent use in filter design simulations with SPICE. For analog circuit designers, the utilization of SPICE in the form of LTspice proves invaluable. This open software, LTspice, boasts a simple yet powerful interface, facilitating a focus on the conceptualization and performance of the design
Design of NB-IoT Based Household Light Electric Energy Monitoring System
Authors: Pasaribu Stevan Togar , Muhamad asvial Muhamad asvial
Published: May 2024

Energy is a vital part of human life, especially in the digital era that requires a lot of energy. Monitoring energy use, especially electricity, is an alternative step to improve energy efficiency. This research aims to develop and implement an NB-IoT-based electrical energy monitoring. The proposed system allows users to monitor, analyze their electrical energy consumption efficiently. Then the Quality-of-Service test results at 500 m get very good results, with the results: average RSSI of -62.8 dBm, average latency of 3.0667 seconds, and PDR ratio of 100%. Quality of Service testing at 1 km gets pretty good results, with the results: average RSSI of -68.933 dBm, average-latency 3.24138 seconds, and PDR ratio of 90%. Quality of Service testing at 1.5 km gets fewer good results, especially on RSSI and PDR parameters, with the results: average RSSI of -84.80 dBm, average-latency 3.4667 seconds, and PDR ratio of 83.33%. The NB-IoT network is suitable for on-grid electricity meters in urban areas with an optimal distance of 500 to 1 km, while at more than 1.5 km it is better used for household scale.
IMPLEMENTASI PROBLEM TREE ANALYSIS TERHADAP PROGRAM SIDOARJO REVITALISASI FUNGSI KALI DALAM UPAYA REVITALISASI SUNGAI DI DESA GEMPOL SARI
Authors: Nur Laily Zumrotul Khasana  , Monalisa Trio Wibowo  , Muhammad Noer Falaq Al-Amin
Published: May 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis masalah pencemaran sungai di Desa Gempol Sari, Kabupaten Sidoarjo, Jawa Timur, Indonesia, sebagai bagian dari upaya revitalisasi fungsi kali. Pencemaran sungai yang disebabkan oleh berbagai sumber termasuk pembuangan limbah industri dan rumah tangga, pembuangan sampah, penggunaan bahan peledak, dan kurangnya penanaman pohon, menjadi tantangan utama yang dihadapi dalam upaya revitalisasi. Analisis pohon masalah atau problem tree analysis menunjukkan bahwa pencemaran air dapat memunculkan berbagai akibat negatif, seperti penurunan kualitas air, gangguan ekosistem, kelangkaan air bersih, dan erosi tanah dan sungai. Revitalisasi sungai yang mencakup pengelolaan air, irigasi, dan pengendalian banjir menjadi kunci untuk mengatasi masalah ini. Penelitian menunjukkan bahwa komunikasi lingkungan dan partisipasi masyarakat sangat penting dalam peningkatan kesadaran dan dukungan untuk program revitalisasi. Program ini juga menekankan pentingnya pembentukkan karakter masyarakat yang peduli terhadap lingkungan dan kesadaran akan pentingnya menjaga dan melestarikan sungai. Hasil dari program revitalisasi diharapkan dapat memberikan dampak yang positif bagi masyarakat sekitar sungai, termasuk Desa Gempol Sari