bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN WNT (WINGLESS/INT) PATHWAYS REACTIVE OXYGEN SPECIES (ROS) AND CANCER
Authors: Zubaidi Fitriannisa F.
Published: April 2020

Reactive oxygen species has been known to play a role in the formation of cancer and determination of cellular death. Less known, however, is its more recently studied role in regulating cellular physiologic functions. The mechanism of how ROS switches between these roles involves detailed interactions with different pathways. The Wnt pathway, specifically the canonical Wnt/β-catenin pathway, seems to be one that has this role switching effect, depending on the amount of ROS present in the cellular microenvirent. This review aims to revisit the regulation of ROS levels, their relationship to cancer, and how the Wnt pathways influence the effect of ROS.
PENGARUH KADAR FERRITIN SERUM TRANSFUSI DARAH BERULANG TERHADAP GANGGUAN PERTUMBUHAN PADA ANAK THALASSEMIA β MAYOR
Authors: Nini Cheryl
Published: April 2020

Latar belakang. Kadar ferritin serum transfusi darah berulang merupakan petanda iron overload yang dapat menyebabkan hemokromatosis dan gangguan pertumbuhan. Sebagian besar pasien thalassemia ditemukan mengalami gangguan pertumbuhan yang signifikan.Tujuan. Mengetahui pengaruh kadar ferritin serum transfusi darah berulang terhadap gangguan pertumbuhan pada anak thalassemia mayorMetode. Penelitian berupa analitik observasional potong lintang, dilakukan pada bulan Agustus-Oktober 2017 pada pasien thalassemia β-mayor. Penelitian uji diagnostik pada pasien thalassemia mayor usia 3 tahun – prepubertas dilakukan pada semua subyek. Dilakukan analisis receiver operator curve (ROC).Hasil. Subyek thalassemia mayor yang transfusi berulang telah menjalani terapi kelasi besi deferioksamin namun kualitasnya tidak memadai, semua subyek mempunyai kecepatan tumbuh <5 cm/ tahun. Kadar ferritin serum di atas 3000 µg/ ml, dan semua subyek mempunyai perawakan pendek. Pada evaluasi radiologi manus sinistra anak memiliki usia tulang terlambat. Proprsi usia tulang terlambat pada kelompok subyek dengan gangguan pertumbuhan lebih besar meski perbedaannya secara statistic tidak bermakna.Kesimpulan. Kadar ferritin pada transfusi darah berulang tidak cukup akurat untuk memprediksi gangguan pertumbuhan pada anak thalassemia mayor.,
RAPID DIAGNOSTIC TEST (RDT) DALAM DETEKSI MALARIA (Literature Review)
Authors: Suarjana I Made Dwija , Nauval Muhammad
Published: April 2020

LATAR BELAKANG : Penyakit malaria merupakan infeksi yang disebabkan oleh parasit malaria, suatu protozoa darah genus plasmodium yang ditularkan oleh nyamuk anopheles betina yang terinfeksi. Tes diagnostik cepat untuk malaria berpotensi dapat digunakan di fasilitas ritel obat perifer swasta. Mereka sensitif dan dapat digunakan dengan pelatihan minimal. Di sektor publik formal, menggantikan ini untuk diagnosis klinis (non-tes) dalam pengaturan periferal tanpa akses ke laboratorium umumnya mengarah ke penargetan yang lebih baik. Surveilans epidemiologi terhadap penyakit dapat menentukan penilaian situasi suatu penyakit, di antaranya malaria. Pengamatan yang terus menerus atas distribusi dan kecenderungan penyakit malaria melalui pengumpulan data yang sistematis sangat diperlukan untuk penentuan penanggulangan yang terbaik dan tepat sasaran.

METODE : Pada artikel ini digunakan 2 jurnal Randomize Controll Trial mengenai Uji Rapid Diagnostic Test (RDT) malari untuk mengetahui spseifitas dan sensitivitas dari uji diagnostic tersebut. Penilaian spesifitasdan sensitivitas kami lakukan secara manual menggunakan table tradisional 2x2.

DISKUSI : penelitian uji diagnostic RDT jika dibandingakan dengan standart baku yaitu blood smear, menunjukkan sensitivitas dan spesifitas yang sangayt baik.
Predictive value of grade point average (GPA), Medical College Admission Test (MCAT), internal examinations (Block) and National Board of Medical Examiners (NBME) scores on Medical Council of Canada qualifying examination part I (MCCQE-1) scores
Authors: Roy Banibrata , Perry Kyle , Ripstein Ira , Cohen Barry
Published: April 2020

Background: To determine whether the pre-medical Grade Point Average (GPA), Medical College Admission Test (MCAT), Internal examinations (Block) and National Board of Medical Examiners (NBME) scores are correlated with and predict the Medical Council of Canada Qualifying Examination Part I (MCCQE-1) scores.Methods: Data from 392 admitted students in the graduating classes of 2010-2013 at University of Manitoba (UofM), College of Medicine was considered. Pearson’s correlation to assess the strength of the relationship, multiple linear regression to estimate MCCQE-1 score and stepwise linear regression to investigate the amount of variance were employed.Results: Complete data from 367 (94%) students were studied. The MCCQE-1 had a moderate-to-large positive correlation with NBME scores and Block scores but a low correlation with GPA and MCAT scores. The multiple linear regression model gives a good estimate of the MCCQE-1 (R2 =0.604). Stepwise regression analysis demonstrated that 59.2% of the variation in the MCCQE-1 was accounted for by the NBME, but only 1.9% by the Block exams, and negligible variation came from the GPA and the MCAT.Conclusions: Amongst all the examinations used at UofM, the NBME is most closely correlated with MCCQE-1.
Book Review: Making Thinking Visible
Authors: Royal Kenneth , Hardie Lizette
Published: April 2020

Recent trends in medical education emphasize the importance of producing well-rounded graduates who not only possess a sufficient fund of medical knowledge but who can think clearly and deeply. Unfortunately, many medical educators struggle with what exactly it means to “think” and do not know where to begin when asked to teach “thinking.” We believe the book Making Thinking Visible, though written for K-12, will be of great interest to medical educators. The book describes different types of thinking and presents more than 20 teaching routines that can help engage learners and improve learning to think.
Family medicine residency training and burnout: a qualitative study
Authors: Rutherford Kimberly , Oda Joanna
Published: April 2020

Background: Almost three-quarters of family practice residents in British Columbia (BC) meet criteria for burnout. We sought to understand how burnout is perceived and experienced by family medicine residents, and to identify both contributory and protective factors for resident burnout.Method: Two semi-structured focus groups were conducted with ten family practice residents from five distinct University of British Columbia training sites. Participants completed the Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI). The data were analyzed using a thematic analysis approach.Results: Seventy percent of the focus group participants met criteria for burnout using the MBI. The experience of burnout was described as physical and emotional exhaustion, loss of motivation, isolation from loved ones, and disillusionment with the medical profession. Contributory factors included high workload, burned-out colleagues, perceived undervaluing of family medicine, lack of autonomy, and inability to achieve work-life balance. Protective factors included strong role models in medicine, feeling that one’s work is valued and rotations in family medicine.Conclusions: The high level of burnout in family medicine residents in BC is a multifactorial and complex phenomenon. Training programs and faculty should be aware of burnout risk factors and strive to implement changes to reduce burnout, including allowing residents increased control over scheduling, access to counseling services and training for resident mentors.
КООРДИНИРОВАНИЕ НЕПОДВИЖНОГО ГЛУБОКОВОДНОГО ГИДРОАКУСТИЧЕСКОГО ОБОРУДОВАНИЯ МЕТОДОМ МУЛЬТИЛАТЕРАЦИИ
Authors: Vaulin Yu.V. , Dubrovin F.S. , Panin M.A. , Lvov O.Yu.
Published: April 2020

При решении многих задач в условиях глубокого моря возникает необходимость в координировании стационарно размещаемого на дне гидроакустического оборудования (маяков-ответчиков, донных станций ит.п.). К числу методов, обеспечивающих координирование подобных объектов, можно отнести метод мультилатерации. В ИПМТ ДВО РАН разработан программно-аппаратный комплекс, предназначенный для автоматизированного координирования донных маяков-ответчиков и глубоководных гидроакустических станций с использованием метода мультилатерации. Результаты натурных испытаний комплекса подтверждаютработоспособность, высокую эффективность и точность координирования стационарных донных объектов сиспользованием метода мультилатерации по сравнению с методом трилатерации за счёт большего количества измерений дистанций и применения вероятностного подхода к оценке положения объекта. На основеполученных результатов дается оценка преимуществ и недостатков данного способа координирования.

During the solving of multiple problems in deepsea conditions, its necessary to localize a stationary bottom-placed underwater acoustic equipment (beacons, bottom stations, etc.). The set of methods of such objects positioning may include the multilateration method. The research team of IMTP FEB RAS designed a softwarehardware complex for automated localization of bottomplaced beacons and deep-sea underwater acoustic stations using multilateration method. The results of the complex field tests confirm working capacity, high efficiency, and accuracy of localization of bottom-placed stationary objects using multilateration method compared to ones utilizing the trilateration method. That can be explained by a larger number of range measurements and applying the probabilistic approach for estimation of the object position. The gathered test results allow giving an appraisal of the benefits and drawbacks of the proposed localization method.
PENDIDIKAN ANAK BERWAWASAN KEWIRAUSAHAAN
Authors: Sinay Francisca R
Published: April 2020

Efforts to improve the quality of education in Indonesia have long been carried out. Improving the quality of education is one of the development priorities in the field of education. Seeing these conditions, the world of education must be able to play an active role in preparing educated human resources who are able to face the challenges of life both locally, regionally, nationally and internationally. It is not enough to master theories, but also be willing and able to apply them in social life. Not only able to apply knowledge in primary, secondary and tertiary education, but also able to solve various problems encountered in everyday life. Entrepreneurial education is education that applies principles and methodologies towards the formation of life skills for students through an integrated curriculum developed in schools. This paper tries to offer an entrepreneurial insight education model for pre-school level and primary school. With this model, if it is implemented, it is expected that the world of education will contribute significantly to improving the quality of human resources in Indonesia. The framework of entrepreneurship development among educators is felt to be very important. Because educators are 'agents of change' who are expected to be able to instill the characteristics, nature and character as well as the spirit of entrepreneurship or the soul of 'entrepreneur' for their students. Besides that the spirit of 'entrepreneur' is also very necessary for an educator, because through this soul, educators will have a work orientation that is more efficient, creative, innovative, productive and independent.

Keywords: Children's Education, Entrepreneurship.
PENGARUH PROFESIONALISME, KUALITAS AUDIT, DAN PENGALAMAN AUDITOR TERHADAP PERTIMBANGAN TINGKAT MATERIALITAS DALAM LAPORAN KEUANGAN
Authors: Sholikhah Mar’atus , Sari Mulya , Izzah Anisatul , Rokhman M. Taufiq Noor
Published: April 2020

The purpose of this study is first, providing empirical evidence of the effect of Auditor Professionalism on Materiality Level Considerations. Second, provide empirical evidence of the effect of audit quality on materiality level considerations. Third, provide empirical evidence of the Effects of Auditor Experience on Materiality Level Considerations. This study uses a quantitative approach with research respondents, namely auditors who work in public acconting office in Malang city. Data collection techniques using questionnarie instruments. The analytical tool used is multiple regression. The results of the study show that: 1) Auditor Professionalism (X1) has a significant effect on the Materiality Level Consideration, which is indicated by the sig value of 0.002; 2) Audit Quality (X2) has a significant influence on Level Considerations Materiality, which is indicated by a sig value of 0.026; 3) and Experience Auditors (X3) have a significant influence on consideration Materiality level, which is indicated by the sig value of 0.047.

Keywords: Professionalism, Audit Quality, Auditor Experience, Materiality Level, Financial Report
Kualitas Soal Penilaian Akhir Semester (PAS) Buatan Guru Mata Pelajaran Kimia Kelas XI MIA SMA Di Kabupaten Kotawaringin Barat Pada Semester Ganjil Tahun Ajaran 2018/2019
Authors: Gasela Yesi , Sidauruk Suandi , Fatah Abdul Hadjranul
Published: April 2020

Soal yang digunakan pada Penilaian Akhir Semester (PAS)  merupakan soal-soal buatan guru. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui dan mendeskripsikan tingkat Kualitas Soal Penilaian Akhir Semester (PAS) Buatan Guru Mata Pelajaran Kimia Kelas XI MIA SMA di Kabupaten Kotawaringin Barat Pada Semester Ganjil Tahun Ajaran 2018/2019. Penelitian ini termasuk penelitian deskriptif. Objek dalam penelitian ini adalah soal buatan guru dan jawaban siswa hasil Penilaian Akhir Semester (PAS)  mata pelajaran Kimia kelas XI MIA SMA A, kelas XI MIA SMA B, kelas XI MIA SMA C, dan Kelas XI MIA SMA D, pada semester ganjil tahun ajaran 2018/2019. Teknik pengumpulan data penelitian ini adalah metode dokumentasi. Analisis data dilakukan secara logical review dan empirical review. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa hasil analisis logical review diperoleh tingkat kesesuaian soal dengan kompetensi dasar tergolong baik dengan persentase sebesar 86,67%. Ditinjau dari aspek materi, konstruksi, dan bahasa tingkat kesesuaian soal baik dengan persentase sebesar 85,63%. Distribusi jenjang ranah kognitif taksonomi Bloom adalah C1 sebesar 22,67%, C2 sebesar 43,33%, C3 sebesar 34%, C4 sebesar 0%, C5 sebesar 0%, dan C6 sebesar 0%. Kualitas soal PAS kimia kelas XI MIA buatan guru ditinjau dari empirical review diperoleh berdasarkan  indeks  daya  beda,  indeks  kesukaran  dan efektivitas distraktor. Secara empirical review, jumlah soal dengan kualitas sangat baik terdapat 35 (23,33%) soal, soal dengan kualitas baik terdapat 55 (36,67%) soal, soal dengan kualitas tidak baik terdapat 57 (38%) soal, dan soal dengan kualitas sangat tidak baik terdapat 3 (2%) soal.
Pengembangan Multimedia Pembelajaran Menggunakan Lectora Inspire Berbasis Multipel Representasi pada Materi Kesetimbangan Kimia
Authors: Widiyaningsih Utami , Fatah Abdul Hadjranul , Syarpin Syarpin
Published: April 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan isi dan kualitas multimedia pembelajaran lectora inspire berbasis multipel representasi materi Kesetimbangan Kimia. Penelitian pengembangan multimedia pembelajaran berbasis multipel representasi ini menggunakan model Four-D (4D) yang diadaptasi dari Thiagarajan. Penelitian ini dibatasi pada tahap define (pendefinisian), design (perancangan) dan develop (pengembangan). Data yang diperlukan yaitu kesesuaian label konsep dengan silabus kurikulum 2013, kesesuaian konten multimedia pembelajaran dengan label konsep, narasi dan tipologi serta hasil uji coba. Instrumen yang digunakan untuk memperoleh data tersebut adalah tabel identifikasi label konsep dengan silabus kurikulum 2013, tabel identifikasi label konsep, narasi dan tipologi, tabel ceklis kesesuaian label konsep, narasi dan tipologi, serta angket respon. Uji coba produk dilakukan pada mahasiswa kimia angkatan 2018 untuk mengetahui kelayakan mahasiswa terhadap multimedia yang telah dikembangkan. Multimedia pembelajaran berbasis multipel representasi menggunakan lectora inspire terdiri dari halaman beranda, petunjuk penggunaan multimedia, cara membaca navigasi konten serta materi kesetimbangan kimia. Konten materi kesetimbangan kimia terdiri dari empat belas label konsep. Multimedia pembelajaran berbasis multipel representasi menggunakan Lectora Inspire pada materi kesetimbangan kimia didominasi label konsep yang mencakup tipologi submikroskopik dan simbolik kesetimbangan kimia tentang proses reaksi secara mikroskopik. Rata-rata hasil uji coba perorangan sebesar 87,2% dan rata-rata hasil uji coba kelompok sebesar 88,5%.
Comparative Analysis of Current International Standards for Calculations Flanges Joint with Gasket Inside the Circle Location of the Bolt Holes
Authors: Roman (Urse) Georgeta
Published: April 2020

This paper presents the comparative analysis of the existing international normative calculation (EN 13445-3 European, ASME-Code, Section VIII, British Standard (PD 5500: 2009)) on the flange gasket joint situated inside the circle location of the bolt holes. The comparative analysis was performed for the same type of flange. The paper presents a comparative study of American and European standard, in terms of cost of production for the pressure equipment to assess the strengths and weaknesses of these regulations.
Aspects Regarding the Behaviour of Co-Cr-W Alloys Produced by Selective Laser Melting (SLM) to Electrochemical Corrosion
Authors: Murariu Alice , Baciu Elena-Raluca , Ioanid Nicoleta , Cioloca Catalina Holban , Checherita Laura Elisabeta , Toba Veronica , Stamatin Ovidiu , Vasluianu Roxana-Ionela
Published: April 2020

The goal of this study is to investigate the behaviour of Co-Cr-W dental alloys obtained by additive manufacturing/SLM to electrochemical corrosion in Fusayama�Meyer artificial saliva solution. The specimens processed by different techniques were analysed from the structural and chemical view point by using a scanning electron microscope fitted with an EDS electron detector. The different sand blasting of the surface of metal materials will determine their different behaviour in the electrolyte solution.
ESTUDIO TEÓRICO DEL PLASMÓN EN NANOESFERAS DE ORO
Authors: Osorio Anaya Ana María , Manrique Fajardo Joaquín J. , Cornejo Sánchez Óscar
Published: April 2020

En el presente trabajo se realizó la simulación del comportamiento plasmónico de nanoesferas de oro con diámetros de 10, 20, 30, 40, 50 y 60 nm en medio acuoso frente a la luz en el rango de longitudes de onda de 400 a 650 nm. Se observó una mayor contribución de la dispersión al espectro de extinción en función del tamaño de nanoesferas, el cual presentó un comportamiento exponencial.
Coding-Decoding Ternary Logic
Authors: Habeeb Rawnaq
Published: April 2020

In this paper ternary logic is encoded into binary and certain processes were conducted on binary logic after which the binary is decoded to ternary. General purpose digital devices were used and the circuit is designed back to front starting from ternary logic provided by transistor pairs at output side back to front end. This provided easier design technique in this particular paper. Practical and simulation results are recorded.
Genç Sürücülerde Sürücü Becerileri ve Sürücü Davranışları Arasındaki İlişki
Authors: Öztürk İbrahim , Özkan Türker
Published: April 2020

Karayolu
trafik kazaları dünya genelinde tüm yaş grupları, özellikle genç sürücüler, için
önde gelen halk sağlığı problemlerinden biridir. Sürücü davranışları ve sürücü
becerileri kazaya etki eden önemli insan faktörlerindendir. Özellikle sürücü
davranışları ve sürücü becerileri arasındaki ilişkinin incelenmesi trafik
ortamındaki insan faktörlerinin doğası ile ilgili detaylı bilgi sunmaktadır. Bu
çalışmada, genç sürücülerde sürücü davranışları ve sürücü becerileri arasındaki
ilişki incelenmiştir. Çalışma kapsamında sürücü becerileri özbildirim yöntemi
kullanılarak sürücü davranışları hem özbildirim hem de sürüş simülatörü
kullanılarak ölçülmüştür. Sonuçlar algısal-motor becerilerin, ihlaller ve sürüş
simülatöründeki farklı yollardaki hız davranışıyla pozitif ilişkili olduğunu
gösterirken; güvenlik becerilerinde bu ilişkinin negatif olduğunu göstermiştir.
Yapılan aşamalı regresyon analizlerine göre, güvenlik becerileri ihlalleri ve
hız davranışlarını negatif olarak yordamaktadır. Ayrıca, hem algısal-motor hem
de güvenlik becerileri olumlu sürücü davranışlarını pozitif olarak yordamıştır.
Çalışma kapsamında alanyazında ilk defa sürücü becerileri ve sürücü
davranışları arasındaki ilişki hem özbildirim hem de sürüş simülatörü
kullanılarak Türkiye’de genç sürücü örnekleminde çalışılmıştır. Sonuçlar genç
sürücülerde sürücü davranışları ve sürücü becerileri arasındaki ilişki
açısından detaylı bilgi sunmaktadır.
Electron-only Reconnection in Kinetic-Alfvén Turbulence
Authors: Vega Cristian , Roytershteyn Vadim , Delzanno Gian Luca , Boldyrev Stanislav
Published: April 2020

We study numerically small-scale reconnection events in kinetic, low-frequency, quasi-2D turbulence (termed kinetic-Alfvén turbulence). Using 2D particle-in-cell simulations, we demonstrate that such turbulence generates reconnection structures where the electron dynamics do not couple to the ions, similarly to the electron-only reconnection events recently detected in the Earth’s magnetosheath by Phan et al. Electron-only reconnection is thus an inherent property of kinetic-Alfvén turbulence, where the electron current sheets have limited anisotropy and, as a result, their sizes are smaller than the ion inertial scale. The reconnection rate of such electron-only events is found to be close to 0.1.
Une présence africaine invisibilisée au Maghreb et au Moyen-Orient
Authors: Bensaâd Ali
Published: April 2020

Cet article, en mettant en lumière les différents enjeux que représentent les migrations africaines dans les pays du Maghreb et du Moyen-Orient, introduit le présent dossier thématique. Ce faisant, cette contribution insiste plus globalement sur la nécessité d’étudier ces migrations transsahariennes, invisibilisées par la place prise par les migrations à destination du continent européen dans les discours politiques et médiatiques, mais aussi, de façon plus relative, dans les travaux scientifiques.
Les migrations africaines dans la Libye post-2014 : guerre, crise économique et politiques d’endiguement
Authors: Morone Antonio M. , Favier Olivier
Published: April 2020

L’enjeu de cette contribution est d’analyser, dans le contexte de la Libye post-2011, l’évolution du cadre migratoire, et plus précisément la situation des migrants africains résidant dans le pays. Nous montrerons que la crise économique et la guerre que connaît la Libye, couplées aux politiques d’endiguement mises en place par l’Union européenne et certains de ses États membres comme l’Italie, ont impacté le projet migratoire de ces individus. Alors que la plupart d’entre eux avaient fait de ce pays leur destination finale dans l’espoir d’obtenir un meilleur niveau de vie, ces différents facteurs, que nous allons détailler et analyser, ont reconfiguré leur projet et les ont poussés à poursuivre leur migration. Si certains ont réussi à atteindre le continent européen, d’autres, après avoir échoué, se sont redirigés vers la Tunisie voisine, comme solution provisoire.
Les conséquences des politiques de l'Union européenne sur les trajets migratoires au Soudan et au Tchad
Authors: Warin Clotilde
Published: April 2020

Les politiques de maîtrise des flux migratoires mises en place par l’Union européenne ( ue ) sont devenues une priorité pour Bruxelles et les États membres, notamment après la « crise des réfugiés » de l’été 2015. Pour s’assurer que les migrants n’atteignent pas les côtes européennes, l’ ue signe des accords avec les pays d’origine et de transit des migrants afin qu’ils assurent à leurs frontières le blocage des migrants. Ce prisme sécuritaire de la gestion des migrations a des conséquences sur le terrain : le Soudan est désormais devenu un interlocuteur autorisé de l’Union européenne et le Tchad espère bénéficier du même traitement.
Primeri nekaj sklanjatev in spregatev v Megiserjevem Dictionarium quatuor linguarum 1592 – druga slovnica slovenskega jezika
Authors: Ahačič Kozma
Published: April 2020

Megiserjevo malo slovnico (oziroma zbirko paradigem) iz leta 1592 lahko utemeljeno označujemo kot drugo slovnico slovenskega jezika in prvo večjezično slovnico, ki vsebuje tudi slovenski jezik. Prispevek prikazuje probleme, s katerimi se je spopadal Megiser, in opozarja na njegove izvirne rešitve.
Izpridevniški krščanski termini v knjižni normi do srede 19. stoletja
Authors: Legan Ravnikar Andreja
Published: April 2020

V prispevku analiziramo tvorbene postopke samostalniških krščanskih terminov z besedotvorno podstavo iz pridevnika. Terminološke tvorjenke, izpričane v nabožnem slovstvu od srede 16. do druge polovice 19. stoletja, smo znotraj besedotvornopomenskih kategorij razvrščali po enakofunkcijskih obrazilnih morfemih. Pri evidentiranju smo upoštevali produktivnost tvorbe in pogostnost rabe tvorjenk v besedilih.
Makedonsko‑slovenske toponimične paralele
Authors: Stankovska Ljubica
Published: April 2020

Med makedonskim in slovenskim toponimskim sistemom obstajajo identične relacije v najrazličnejših pomenskih skupinah zemljepisnih imen. V članku se dotikamo samo nekaj zemljepisnih imen s slovenskega in makedonskega jezikovnega območja, ki so motivirana z osebnimi imeni. Obravnavani toponimi kažejo skupne lastnosti tako glede na besedotvorno zgradbo kot na izvor.
O slovenskih parih tipa kost : koščica ali o nastanku razmerja -st- : -šč-i- (K identifikaciji zgodnjepraslovanske akrostatične deklinacije ijevskih samostalnikov)
Authors: Furlan Metka
Published: April 2020

V slovanskih razmerjih tipa *kostь : kost’ica/kost’ina/ kost’-ěnъ ... je glasovno zaporedje *st’ posredni znak za prvotno akrostatično deklinacijo ijevskih samostalnikov, ki jo je že v zgodnji praslovanščini proterokinetična deklinacija tipa *kostь (f.), gen. *kosti popolnoma izpodrinila.
Trubar ali Trobar? Prispevek k etimologiji in razvoju priimka Primoža Trubarja
Authors: Golec Boris
Published: April 2020

Razprava obravnava priimek začetnika slovenske književnosti Primoža .

Trubarja (1508–1586). Sistematično so obravnavani vsi zapisi priimka, ki se v Trubarjevem rodnem okolju pojavljajo od leta 1482 do malo pred 1614. Avtor postavlja tezo, da pisanje prvega samoglasnika kot u namesto prvotnega o ni samovoljno uvedel Primož Trubar, ampak je v govoru njegove rodne vasi Rášica zanj obstajala glasovna podlaga. Po izključitvi več hipotez o etimologiji priimka ostaja kot najverjetnejša možnost izvor iz glagola trobiti, ki ga kot uveljavljeno razlago srečujemo v literaturi, vendar avtor zavrača možnost, da bi bil Trobar/Trubar poklicni priimek s pomenom graščinskega trobca. Kognomen se veliko prej nanaša na kakšno telesno ali značajsko lastnost, glede na to, da je bil prvi znani nosilec priimka mlinar, pa bi šlo lahko tudi za onomatopejo, povezano z zvoki iz njegovega mlina.
Osnove oblikovanja kratkega novinarskega besedila za potrebe informativnih oddaj javnega radia
Authors: Pivec Polona
Published: April 2020

Umestitev kratkega informativnega radijskega besedila v nabor stalnih oblik novinarskega poročanja je pokazala, da sta v praksi najpogosteje uporabljani obliki, ki ju novinarska stroka imenuje vest in poročilo. Gre za informativni obliki radijskega govora (za razliko od interpretativnih), ki sta povezani na poseben način. Zunanja struktura poročila (sestavljata jo napoved in telo besedila) se prekriva z notranjo tako, da je uvod praviloma napoved, telo besedila pa sta jedro in zaključek besedila.
Govor vasi Topole
Authors: Jemec Tomazin Mateja
Published: April 2020

V prispevku je predstavljen govor vasi Topole, ki leži ob cesti Mengeš–Brnik. V njem se odražajo glasoslovne in oblikoslovne značilnosti tipičnega gorenjskega narečja. Po Ramovševi klasifikaciji spada topolska govorica v osrednji gorenjski govor, ki se govori v trikotniku Ljubljana–Kamnik–Kranj. Poleg glasovnega opisa so v razpravi predstavljeni tudi lokalno zelo razširjeni frazemi, temu pa sledi še topolsko-knjižnoslovenski slovarček.
Idiomi v književnih delih slovenskega pisatelja Draga Jančarja
Authors: Rojs Jurij
Published: April 2020

V prispevku je predstavljena struktura idiomov v nekaterih izbranih delih pisatelja Draga Jančarja. Največ je takih s strukturo pridevnik + samostalnik, sledijo pa taki s strukturo glagol + samostalnik in glagol + predlog + samostalnik. Precej je avtorskih idiomov in citatov iz različnih jezikih, večinoma iz latinščine, manj pa je folklorizmov, elips, kletvic, fonetičnih besed ter medmetnih in transformacijskih stalnih besednih zvez.
Vezljivostni slovar slovenskih glagolov Andreje Žele
Authors: Vičar Branislava
Published: April 2020

Enojezični razlagalni slovar Vezljivostni slovar slovenskih glagolov Andreje Žele je normativno leksikografsko delo moderne slovenske vezljivosti. Avtorica z izbranim gradivnim pomenskoskladenjskim izhodiščem in natančno izdelano tipologijo glagolske vezljivosti zajame tipično vezljivost slovenskih glagolov. Različne ravni vsebinskopredstavitvene zasnove slovarskega sestavka izpolnjujejo zahteve različnih uporabniških skupin, tako jezikovno specializiranih bralcev kot širšega kroga uporabnikov.
Choronyms in the Villages of Dolnje Mraševo and Gorenje Mraševo
Authors: Mirtič Tanja
Published: April 2020

This article examines choronyms in the villages of Dolnje Mraševo and Gorenje Mraševo. They are presented in both standard and dialect form, and the origin and original meaning of the choronyms are also provided. The explanation deals with the common or proper noun that the choronym arose from. For inherited vocabulary, the Proto-Slavic reconstruction is also cited, and for borrowed vocabulary the foreign-language source. For some choronyms, popular explanations of their origins provided by field informants are also given.
Dialect derivatives with the suffix -ica from the semantic field ‘man’
Authors: Horvat Mojca
Published: April 2020

This article shows a possible secondary interpretation of the dialect material in volume 1 of Slovenski lingvistični atlas (Slovenian Linguistic Atlas, SLA 1), published in 2011. It focuses on derivatives with the suffix -ica that were classified according to the morpheme structure of the suffix and the part-of-speech category of the motivated word. The frequency and geographical distribution of the expressions analyzed are determined using a word-formation map.
Projects for collecting oeconmys and microtoponyms in Upper Carniola
Authors: Klinar Klemen
Published: April 2020

Several projects collecting oeconyms and microtyponyms have been carried out in Upper Carniola in recent years. The Northwest Upper Carniolan Development Agency plays a vital role in this research. The main purpose of these projects is to preserve disappearing intangible cultural heritage and create an extensive collection of dialectology material. This article presents collection methods and the results to date, the attitude of the local people, and a sample database of the material collected.
Predpreteklik v Dalmatinovi Bibliji
Authors: Merše Majda
Published: April 2020

Predpreteklik je bil trdna sestavina Dalmatinovega časovnega sistema, kar dokazujejo 3004 zapisi v DB 1584. Izkazuje funkcionalno bolj raznoliko rabo, kot so jo uspele odkriti in prikazati slovnice slovenskega jezika do srede 20. stoletja. Oblike ni mogoče razlagati s kalki-ranostjo iz nemščine, saj je primerjava DB 1584 in LB 1545 odkrila komaj polovično ujemanje glede njene rabe.
Nekaj opomb k Slovenskim vodnim imenom F. Bezlaj
Authors: Torkar Silvo
Published: April 2020

Nekaj opomb k Slovenskim vodnim imenom F. Bezlaj
Adstratni in superstratni vplivi na slovensko imensko leksiko
Authors: Snoj Marko
Published: April 2020

V članku so enciklopedično, po časovnih in zemljepisnih plasteh prikazani adstratni in superstratni vplivi na slovensko imensko besedje. Ugotovljene plasti so osvetljene s povednimi primeri.
Slovensko imenoslovje v Italiji
Authors: Merkù Pavle
Published: April 2020

V prispevku je na kratko prikazano slovensko imenoslovje v Italiji s poudarkom na času po naselitvi naših prednikov v tem prostoru. Pri tem so upoštevana predvsem krajevna in osebna imena.
IFRS, Foreign Investment, and Prevailing Institutional Structure in Africa
Authors: Uchenna Efobi , Iyoha Francis
Published: April 2020

We revisit the effectiveness of IFRS adoption for FDI attractiveness by considering the adopting country's institutional structure. Attention was on the extent of corruption control (as a measure of institutional structure). Data was tested on 42 African countries for the period 2001-2012. Using the Panel Corrected Standard Error (PSCE) estimation technique, our result suggest that the effect of IFRS adoption on foreign investment differs based on the level of corruption control instituted in the sample countries. When the variable – IFRS adoption, was tested for the sample with corruption control below the median value, the coefficient was either negative or insignificant. However, the opposite was seen for the category of countries with corruption control above the median value. This result was robust to the inclusion of alternative measures of corruption, foreign investment, and control of global financial crisis and legal origin of the country.
Tourism Migration in South Africa
Authors: Henama Unathi Sonwabile , Sifolo Portia Pearl Siyanda
Published: April 2020

This article explores the tourism migration within the South African context, thereby focusing on the current dynamics, challenges and future prospects. Tourism and migration are significant towards globalisation. Almost all countries have jumped on the tourism bandwagon as a result of the positive economic benefits that include improving the balance of payments, attracting foreign exchange, and increasing state coffers through the taxation of non-residents. South Africa has also adopted tourism into the developmental policies. Although Africa's share of the global tourism market remains less than 10%, the continental bodies such as the African Union under the wing NEPAD recognises that tourism and migration as an important factor to societies. This paper adopts the content analysis to address the tourism migration, dynamics, challenges and future prospects as a critical phenomenon. Tourism has deep characteristics of a plantation economy that does not benefit the majority of the societies, particularly in South Africa. Despite being a geographical dispersed country, the tourism industry in South Africa faces numerous challenges such as the integration of Black South Africans as product owners; reported high rates of crimes, lack of integration of locals in the tourism industry, the lack of aviation competition, paucity of ports of entry, and most recently the cyber-crime and the visa regulations etc. However, South African tourism remains resilient as a major destination due to its fauna and flora and increasing market niches are developing such as adventure tourism, health tourism and volunteer tourism. South Africa plans to be one of the top 20 destinations by 2020; steps are in place to ensure that South Africa achieves this objective.
Return to The Source?
Authors: Matolino Bernard
Published: April 2020

Every human society has a history that it takes pride in. In times of despair there could be invocation or calls to return to that history either as an informant of correct practice or as an inspiration of what current practice should be. Hence some African scholars and politicians have made calls that seek to return to that source. At least three problems pose some significant threat to the project of the return to the source. Firstly, there is a problem of interpreting what the exact nature of that traditional set up was, secondly there is a problem of working out how the traditional mode can fit into the modern, and thirdly there is the problem of the possibility that different sources existed in that pristine past. Without an adequate response to these threats, the return may not be as smooth as its advocates have thought it to be.
Moving against the Current
Authors: Thonje Admire
Published: April 2020

International student migration in the southern African context is a scantily researched area. While research abounds on aspects of migration such as human rights, remittances, development efficacy of migration and transnationalism, the concerns, experiences and encounters of student migrants remains neglected. While in South Africa some migrants are exposed to xenophobic sentiments, little is known about experiences in places such as Zimbabwe. Employing Zimbabwe as a case, the author discusses context, experiences and the policy framework around international students from within the southern African region. It reveals the causes for migration, socio-economic experiences as well as exposure to life in Zimbabwe predominantly during the difficult decade at the turn of the millennium in 2000. In bringing up experiences and challenges, it highlights transformation in the enrollment patterns as well as areas for policy improvement.
Hand Hygiene Behavior in a Pediatric Emergency Department and a Pediatric Intensive Care Unit: Comparison of Use of 2 Dispenser Systems
Authors: Larson Elaine L. , Albrecht Sandra , O’Keefe Mary
Published: April 2020

• Background Adherence to hand hygiene standards is poor. Approaches and systems to improve hand hygiene practices warrant testing.

• Objective To compare the frequency of use of manually operated and touch-free dispensers of sanitizer for hand hygiene.

• Methods Manual and touch-free dispensers of alcohol sanitizer were placed in the emergency department and an intensive care unit of a large pediatric hospital for two 2-month periods for each type of dispenser. Counting devices installed in each dispenser and direct observations were used to determine actual frequency of and indications for hand hygiene.

• Results The touch-free dispensers were used significantly more often than were the manual dispensers. The means for the number of episodes of hand hygiene per hour were 4.42 for the touch-free dispensers and 3.33 for the manual dispensers (P = .04); the means for the number of episodes per patient per hour were 2.22 and 1.79, respectively (P = .004); and the means for the number of uses of the dispenser per day were 41.2 and 25.6, respectively (P = .02). However, the overall compliance rate was 38.4% (2136 episodes of hand hygiene per 5568 indications for hand hygiene).

• Conclusions The type of dispensing system influenced hand hygiene behavior. Nevertheless, overall hand hygiene compliance remained low. In order for interventions to have a major effect on hand hygiene, multiple factors must be considered.
Avanços na manufatura aditiva em metais: técnicas, materiais e máquinas
Authors: Gomes João Francisco Bueno , Wiltgen Filipe
Published: April 2020

Com o advento de novas técnicas de Manufatura Aditiva foi possível à introdução de diversos metais como matéria prima e isso tem sido uma revolução para indústria, pois permite muitas possibilidades. Neste artigo serão apresentadas técnicas de impressão 3D em metais, as matérias primas metálicas mais utilizadas, os custos da manufatura aditiva comparando com a manufatura subtrativa. A utilização desta técnica na área aeronáutica e automotiva, além das dificuldades enfrentadas por esta técnica na fabricação de componentes que necessitam de grande resistência estrutural, e por fim, serão apresentadas possíveis aplicações no futuro próximo.
Abundance and viability of particle-attached and free-floating bacteria in dusty and nondust air
Authors: Hu Wei , Murata Kotaro , Fan Chunlan , Huang Shu , Matsusaki Hiromi , Fu Pingqing , Zhang Daizhou
Published: April 2020

Abstract. Widespread bacteria are a major proportion of bioaerosols and their coexistence with dust enables both types of aerosols more active in ice cloud formation and harmful to public health. However, the abundance and viability of particle-attached and free-floating bacteria in dusty air have not been quantitatively investigated. We researched this subject based on the fact that airborne bacterial cells are approximately 1 μm or smaller; therefore, particle-attached bacteria should occur in aerosol samples of particles larger than 1 μm, and free-floating bacteria should occur among particles smaller than 1 μm. Our observations at a coastal site in Japan in spring, when the westerlies frequently blew dust there from the Asian continent, revealed that particle-attached bacteria in dust episodes, at the concentration of 3.2 ± 2.1 × 105 cells m−3, occupied 72 ± 9 % in the total bacteria. In contrast, the fraction was 56 ± 17 % during nondust periods and the concentration was 1.1 ± 0.7 × 105 cells m−3. The viability, defined as the ratio of viable cells to total cells, of particle-attached bacteria was 69 ± 19 % in dust episodes and 60 ± 22 % during nondust periods, both of which were considerably lower than the viabilities of free-floating bacteria (about 87 %) under either dusty or nondust conditions. The present cases suggest that dust particles carried substantial bacteria on their surfaces, more than half of which were viable, and spread these bacteria in the atmosphere. This implies that dust and bacteria have nonnegligible roles as internally mixed assemblages in various atmospheric processes and in linking geographically isolated microbial communities, as well as have synergistic effect on human health.
Frictional slip weakening and shear-enhanced crystallinity in simulated coal fault gouges at subseismic slip rates
Authors: Fan Caiyuan , Liu Jinfeng , Hunfeld Luuk B. , Spiers Christopher J.
Published: April 2020

Abstract. Previous studies show that organic-rich fault patches may play an important role in promoting unstable fault slip. However, the frictional properties of rock materials with near 100 % organic content, e.g. coal, and the controlling microscale mechanisms, remain unclear. Here, we report seven velocity stepping (VS) and one slide-hold-slide (SHS) friction experiments performed on simulated fault gouges prepared from bituminous coal, collected from the upper Silesian Basin of Poland. These experiments were performed at 25–45 MPa effective normal stress and 100 °C, employing sliding velocities of 0.1–100 μm s−1, using a conventional triaxial apparatus plus direct shear assembly. All samples showed marked slip weakening behaviour at shear displacements beyond ~ 1–2 mm, from a peak friction coefficient approaching ~ 0.5 to (near) steady state values of ~ 0.3, regardless of effective normal stress or whether vacuum dry flooded with distilled (DI) water at 15 MPa pore fluid pressure. Analysis of both unsheared and sheared samples by means of microstructural observation, micro-area X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Raman spectroscopy suggests that the marked slip weakening behaviour can be attributed to the development of R-, B- and Y- shear bands, with internal shear-enhanced coal crystallinity development. The SHS experiment performed showed a transient peak healing (restrengthening) effect that increased with the logarithm of hold time at a linearized rate of ~ 0.006. We also determined the rate-dependence of steady state friction for all VS samples using a full rate and state friction approach. This showed a transition from velocity strengthening to velocity weakening at slip velocities > 1 μm s−1 in the coal sample under vacuum dry conditions, but at > 10 μm s−1 in coal samples exposed to DI water at 15 MPa pore pressure. This may be controlled by competition between dilatant granular flow and compaction enhanced by presence of water. Together with our previous work on frictional properties of coal-shale mixtures, our results imply that the presence of a weak, coal-dominated patch on faults that cut or smear-out coal seams may promote unstable, seismogenic slip behaviour, though the importance of this in enhancing either induced or natural seismicity depends on local conditions.
CONTAMINAÇÃO AMBIENTAL POR GEO-HELMINTOS EM PRAÇAS DO MUNICÍPIO DE BOTUCATU,SÃO PAULO.
Authors: Providelo Gilson Avelino , Oliveira Raphaela Moreira , Santarém Vamilton Alvares , Victoria Cassiano , Pantoja José Carlos Figueiredo , Schmidt Elizabeth Moreira dos Santos
Published: April 2020

As espécies geo-hemínticas têm grande relevância em saúde pública, devido à resistência das suas formas infectantes (ovos e larvas) no ambiente. As infecções por geo-helmintos apresentam capacidade relevante de causar morbidade, mas com baixa mortalidade em seres humanos. Desta forma, o objetivo deste trabalho foi investigar a contaminação do solo por geo-helmintos em praças do município de Botucatu-SP, identificando a prevalência dos principais gêneros e sua ocorrência em praças de diferentes áreas do município. As praças foram catalogadas e distribuídas entre as regiões administrativas. As coletas de amostras de solo foram realizadas em dois momentos: momento I (de outubro a dezembro de 2017) e momento II (de fevereiro a março de 2018). No presente trabalho foram coletadas amostras de solo e avaliadas por meio das técnicas de centrífugo-sedimentação, centrífugo-flutuação com sulfato de zinco e o método de Baermann-Moraes na busca por ovos e larvas de geo-helmintos. A partir das análises das amostras do solo, a ocorrência de ovos de Toxocara sp. foi observada em 17,7% e 23,3%, respectivamente nos momentos I e II. A contaminação por ovos de ancilostomídeos foi observada em 6,6% das amostras, sendo encontrados somente nas coletas do momento II. Os resultados obtidos no presente estudo demonstraram que o risco de contaminação de seres humanos por ovos de Toxocara spp. existe, pois foi o geo-helminto mais prevalente e o principal fator de risco observado e relacionado à presença de ovos de Toxocara spp. nos locais investigados. Diante desse cenário, políticas de saúde pública são necessárias para evitar a contaminação da população humana que frequenta esses locais, combinando abordagens para prevenir a contaminação do solo e o controle das geohelmintíases na população.