bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
‘I Suppose I Think to Myself, That's the Best Way to Be a Mother’: How Ideologies of Parenthood Shape Women's Use of Social Egg Freezing Technology
Authors: Baldwin Kylie
Published: May 2017

The age distribution of women giving birth in England and Wales, as well as many other Western countries, has changed significantly in recent decades with growing numbers of women having children later in their reproductive lives. However, motherhood at an older age is positively associated with greater risks to mother and child including complications during pregnancy and birth as well as an increased risk of age-related infertility. In response to the increasing numbers of women attempting childbearing at an older age, a new form of technology has emerged, one which has the promissory potential to enable women to preserve a number of healthy young eggs for potential future use after the decline of their nature fertility. This technology is egg freezing, or as it is often referred, egg freezing for social reasons. This paper will examine the technology of egg freezing and its use for social reasons and will argue that current lay and media representations of this technology which infer a deliberative ‘choice’ on behalf of the user to delay motherhood, to pursue career advancement, does not adequately or accurately reflect the experiences of women engaging with this technology. Instead, and by drawing on data collected in 31 interviews with female users of this technology, this paper will suggest that women's decision to engage in egg freezing as well as their perceptions about the timing of motherhood can be seen as being shaped by contemporary parenting culture and ideologies of parenthood. Furthermore, this paper will examine how these ideologies and expectations about parenthood are shaped by the demographic profile of the users of this technology.
Just One? Solo Dining, Gender and Temporal Belonging in Public Spaces
Authors: Lahad Kinneret , May Vanessa
Published: May 2017

In recent years, various lifestyle websites have offered tips on eating out alone as well as lists of the best restaurants for solo dining in major cities of the world. Utilising the theoretical concepts of participation units, territories of the self (Goffman 1972[1971]) and belonging (May 2011, 2013), this paper explores the challenges that spatio-temporal conventions pose for women solo diners in particular. Through the lens of solo dining, we explore being alone and belonging in shared public spaces, and the gendered nature of aloneness and respectability. The paper contributes to existing theory by examining the influence that time has on a woman solo diner's ‘single’ participation unit, her ability to lay claim to public space and her relationship with the surrounding social environment. The paper concludes by exploring what the new trend of solo dining can offer and the consequences this has for how sociologists conceptualise sociality in public spaces.
Is Information Power? Comparing Anonymous and Open Egg Donation
Authors: Speier Amy
Published: May 2017

Both the Czech Republic and the United States are destinations for cross-border reproductive travellers. For North Americans, including Canadians, who opt to travel to the Czech Republic for IVF using an egg donor, they are entering a fertility industry that is anonymous. This makes the Czech Republic different from other European countries that necessitate open gamete donation, as in Austria, Germany and the United Kingdom. For reproductive travellers coming to the United States for fertility treatment, there is a wider menu of choices regarding egg donation given the vastly unregulated nature of the industry. More recently, professionals in the industry are pushing for ‘open’ egg donation.

For intended parents traveling to either location seeking in vitro fertilization using an egg donor, they must choose whether or not to pursue open or closed donation. As pre-conception parents, they navigate competing discourses of healthy parenting of donor-conceived offspring. They must be reflexive about their choices, and protective when weighing their options, always keeping their future child's mental, physical and genetic health in mind. Drawing from ethnographic data collected over the course of six years in the United States and the Czech Republic, this paper will explore both programs, paying special attention to the question of how gamete donation and global assisted reproductive technologies intersect with different notions about healthy pre-conception parenting.
The Body, Technology and Translation: Mapping the Complexity of Online Embodiment
Authors: Rudnicki Seweryn
Published: May 2017

This theoretical article considers the potential for a revival of sociological interest in online embodiment by developing a conceptual alternative to the predominant framework of self-presentation, and showing how social theory may benefit from exploration of this field. It starts by critically reviewing the discussion on online embodiment, pointing out its theoretical shortcomings, and arguing that they result from the difficulty that social theory has with accounting for the increased ontological complexity of embodiment induced by the pervasiveness of digital technologies. Treating a theory of practice as an inspiring perspective, it then adapts the notion of translation as a general term capable of grasping the complex relationships between physical bodies, digital technologies, reflexive selves and the social aspects of online embodiment. An important advantage of this concept is that it makes it possible to see the role of technology as constitutive without losing the sociological perspective, and encompasses a wide range of contemporary body-technology interactions. Furthermore, it also has the potential to foster a sociological understanding of the relationships between bodily, technological, mindful and social elements, and to do so without slipping into reductionism.
Marine cloud brightening – as effective without clouds
Authors: Ahlm Lars , Jones Andy , Stjern Camilla W. , Muri Helene , Kravitz Ben , Kristjánsson Jón Egill
Published: May 2017

Abstract. Marine cloud brightening through sea spray injection has been proposed as a climate engineering method for avoiding the most severe consequences of global warming. A limitation of most of the previous modelling studies on marine cloud brightening is that they have either considered individual models, or only investigated the effects of a specific increase in the number of cloud droplets. Here we present results from coordinated simulations with three Earth system models (ESMs) participating in the Geoengineering Model Intercomparison Project (GeoMIP) G4sea-salt experiment. Injection rates of accumulation mode sea spray aerosol particles over ocean between 30° N and 30° S are set in each model to generate a global-mean effective radiative forcing (ERF) of −2.0 W m−2 at the top of atmosphere. We find that the injection increases the cloud droplet number concentration in lower layers, reduces the cloud-top effective droplet radius, and increases the cloud optical depth over the injection area. We also find, however, that the global-mean clear-sky ERF by the injected particles is as large as the corresponding total ERF in all three ESMs, indicating a large potential of the aerosol direct effect in regions of low cloudiness. The largest enhancement in ERF due to the presence of clouds occur as expected in the subtropical stratocumulus regions off the west coasts of the American and African continents. However, outside these regions, the ERF is in general equally large in cloudy and clear-sky conditions. These findings suggest a more important role of the aerosol direct effect in sea spray climate engineering than previously thought.
Fast heterogeneous N2O5 uptake and ClNO2 production in power
plant plumes observed in the nocturnal residual layer over the North
China Plain
Authors: Wang Zhe , Wang Weihao , Tham Yee Jun , Li Qinyi , Wang Hao , Wen Liang , Wang Xinfeng , Wang Tao
Published: May 2017

Abstract. Dinitrogen pentoxide (N2O5) and nitryl chloride (ClNO2) are key species in nocturnal tropospheric chemistry, and have significant effects on particulate nitrate formation and the following day’s photochemistry. To better understand the roles of N2O5 and ClNO2 in the high aerosol loading environment of northern China, an intensive field study was carried out at a high-altitude site (Mt. Tai, 1465 m a.s.l.) in the North China Plain (NCP) during the summer of 2014. Elevated ClNO2 plumes were frequently observed in the nocturnal residual layer with a maximum mixing ratio of 2.1 ppbv (1-min), whilst N2O5 was typically present at very low levels (<30 pptv), indicating fast heterogeneous N2O5 hydrolysis. Combined analyses of chemical characteristics and backward trajectories indicated that the ClNO2-laden air was caused by the transport of NOx-rich plumes from the coal-fired power plants in the NCP. The heterogeneous N2O5 uptake coefficient (γ) and ClNO2 yield (ϕ) during the campaign exhibited high variability, with means of 0.061 ± 0.025 and 0.27 ± 0.24, respectively. These derived values are higher than those derived from previous laboratory and field studies in other regions, and cannot be well characterized by model parameterizations. Fast heterogeneous N2O5 reactions dominated the nocturnal NOx loss in the residual layer over this region, and contributed to substantial nitrate formation of up to 17 μg m−3. The determined nocturnal nitrate formation rates ranged from 0.2 to 4.8 μg m−3 hr−1 in various plumes, with a mean of 2.2 ± 1.4 μg m−3 h−1. The results demonstrate the significance of heterogeneous N2O5 reactivity and chlorine activation in the NCP, and their unique and universal roles in fine aerosol formation and NOx transformation, and thus potential impacts on regional haze pollution in northern China.
Technical Note: A minimally invasive experimental system for pCO2 manipulation in plankton cultures using passive gas exchange (atmospheric carbon control simulator)
Authors: Love Brooke A. , Olson M. Brady , Wuori Tristen
Published: May 2017

Abstract. As research into the biotic effects of ocean acidification has increased, the methods for simulating these environmental changes in the laboratory have multiplied. Here we describe the atmospheric carbon control simulator (ACCS) for the maintenance of plankton under controlled pCO2 conditions, designed for species sensitive to the physical disturbance introduced by the bubbling of cultures and for studies involving trophic interaction. The system consists of gas mixing and equilibration components coupled with large-volume atmospheric simulation chambers. These chambers allow gas exchange to counteract the changes in carbonate chemistry induced by the metabolic activity of the organisms. The system is relatively low cost, very flexible, and when used in conjunction with semi-continuous culture methods, it increases the density of organisms kept under realistic conditions, increases the allowable time interval between dilutions, and/or decreases the metabolically driven change in carbonate chemistry during these intervals. It accommodates a large number of culture vessels, which facilitate multi-trophic level studies and allow the tracking of variable responses within and across plankton populations to ocean acidification. It also includes components that increase the reliability of gas mixing systems using mass flow controllers.
Minimum forest cover for sustainable water flow regulation in a watershed
under rapid expansion of oil palm and rubber plantations
Authors: Tarigan Suria , Wiegand Kerstin ,   Sunarti
Published: May 2017

Abstract. In many tropical regions, rapid expansion of monoculture plantations has led to a sharp decline of forest cover, which potentially degraded the water flow regulation function of watersheds. The flow regulation function of a watershed is defined as the ability of the watershed to store the rain water, therefore reducing the direct runoff and sustaining the baseflow during dry season. In the tropical region where rainfall is highly seasonal, water flow regulation is an important ecosystem function of a watershed. It determines the proportion of direct runoff of the rainfall and the proportion of the baseflow in the streamflow. The higher the proportion of the direct runoff of the rainfall the higher the probability that water resources problems occur such as flooding in the wet season and drought in the dry season. Therefore proper water flow regulation function of a watershed is a key factor for water resources management. It is generally known that forest land use improves the water flow regulation function of a watershed. The contribution of forest land use on water flow regulation function of a watershed depends primarily on its proportion in the entire watershed. In a watershed where expansion of agricultural plantations occurs rapidly, the spatial planner needs to know the minimum proportion of forest cover required to maintain proper water flow regulation function of a watershed. Research dealing with this issue is still rare, especially in the tropical area where oil palm expansion occurs at alarming rate. We employed the SWAT hydrological model to calculate two indicators of water regulation function of a watershed: the proportion of the direct runoff to the rainfall (C) and the proportion of the baseflow in the total streamflow (BFI). Using regression analysis, we show a strong correlation between indicators of water flow regulation (C and BFI values) with the proportion of forest cover and agricultural plantation cover in a watershed. To achieve the required C value of less than 0.35, the proportion of forest cover in the entire watershed should be greater than 30 % and the proportion of plantation cover should be less than 40 %. The results of this study are very useful as a guide for spatial planners to determine the minimum proportion of forest conservation area to maintain a sustainable ecosystem service of water flow regulation in a watershed.
A coupled human-natural system to assess the operational value of
weather and climate services for irrigated agriculture
Authors: Li Yu , Giuliani Matteo , Castelletti Andrea
Published: May 2017

Abstract. Recent advances in weather and climate services (WCSs) are showing increasing forecast skills over seasonal and longer time scales, potentially providing valuable support in informing decisions in a variety of economic sectors. Quantifying this value, however, might not be straightforward as better forecast quality does not necessarily imply better decisions by the end-users, especially when forecasts do not reach their final users, when the provider is not trusted, or when forecasts are not appropriately understood. In this study, we contribute an assessment framework to evaluate the operational value of WCSs for irrigated agriculture by complementing traditional forecast quality assessments with a Coupled Human-Natural System behavioral model which reproduces farmers’ decisions. This allows a more critical assessment of the forecast value mediated by the end-users’ perspective, including farmers’ risk attitudes and behavioral factors. Our results show that the quality of state- of-the-art WCSs is still limited in predicting the weather and the crop yield of the incoming agricultural season, with ECMWF annual products simulated by the IFS/HOPE model resulting the most skillful product. However, we also show that the accuracy of estimating crop yield and the probability of making optimal decisions are not necessarily linearly correlated, with the overall assessment procedure that is strongly impacted by the behavioral attitudes of the farmers, which can produce rank reversals in the quantification of the WCSs operational value depending on the different perceptions of risk and uncertainty.
Assessment of Evolution of Mountain Lakes and Risks of Glacier Lake Outbursts in the
Djungarskiy (Jetysu) Alatau, Central Asia, using Landsat Imagery and Glacier Bed Topography
Modelling
Authors: Kapitsa Vassiliy , Shahgedanova Maria , Machguth Horst , Severskiy Igor , Medeu Akhmetkal
Published: May 2017

Abstract. Changes in the abundance and area of mountain lakes in the Djungarskiy (Jetysu) Alatau between 2002 and 2014 were investigated using Landsat imagery. In 2002 and 2014, 599 lakes with a combined area of 16.26 ± 0.85 km2 and 636 lakes with a combined area of 17.35 ± 0.92 km2 respectively were identified. The number of lakes and their combined area increased by 6.2 % and 6.6 % representing growth rates of 0.51 % a−1 and 0.55 % a−1. Contact lakes exhibited the largest growth. Fifty lakes, whose potential outburst can damage existing infrastructure, were identified. The GlabTop2 model was applied to simulate ice thickness and subglacial topography using glacier outlines for 2000 and SRTM DEM as input data achieving realistic patterns of ice thickness. 513 overdeepening in the modelled glacier beds, presenting potential sites for the development of lakes, were identified with a combined area of 14.7 km2. Morphometric parameters of the modelled overdeepenings were close to those of the existing lakes. A comparison of locations of modelled overdeepenings and newly formed lakes in the areas de-glacierized in 2000–2014 showed that 67 % of the lakes developed at the sites of the modelled overdeepenings. The rates of increase in areas of new lakes correlated with areas of modelled overdeepenings. Locations where hazardous lakes may develop in the future were identified. The GlabTop2 approach is shown to be a useful tool in hazard management providing data on the potential evolution of future lakes.
Kinematic parameters of internal waves of the second mode in the South China Sea
Authors: Kurkina Oxana , Talipova Tatyana , Soomere Tarmo , Giniyatullin Ayrat , Kurkin Andrey
Published: May 2017

Abstract. Spatial distributions of the main properties of the mode function and kinematic and nonlinear parameters of internal waves of the second mode are derived for the South China Sea for typical summer conditions in July. The calculations are based on the Generalized Digital Environmental Model (GDEM) climatology of hydrological variables. The focus is on the phase speed of long internal waves and the coefficients at the dispersive, quadratic and cubic terms of the weakly nonlinear Gardner model. Spatial distributions of these parameters, except for the coefficient at the cubic term, are qualitatively similar for waves of both modes. The dispersive term of Gardner equation and phase speed for internal waves of the second mode are about a quarter and half, respectively, of those for waves of the first mode. Similarly to the waves of the first mode, the coefficients at the quadratic and cubic terms of Gardner equation are practically independent of water depth. In contrast to the waves of the first mode, for waves of the second mode the quadratic term is mostly negative. The results can serve as a basis for express estimates of the expected parameters of internal waves for the South China Sea.
Overview and Challenges of Chinese Folklore Photography
Authors: Zhou Ting
Published: May 2017

Folklore is an important component of a national culture. With the advance of human society, old traditions exude more lasting charm. This is not just out of nostalgia but from a national cultural identity. Folklore photography is an image-based visual embodiment of the historical value of folklore and contributes to cultural recording and inheritance. It displays an unparalleled power of expression in all forms of art. In China, a multi-ethnic country with one of the world’s greatest ancient civilizations, folklore photography shows rich and varied cultural connotations and forms of expression. This paper first introduces the value and significance of Chinese folklore photography, then reviews the important stages of its development and analyzes the difficulties and challenges therein, and finally looks into the future of Chinese folklore photography.
Second Language Writing and Assessment: Voices from Within the Saudi EFL Context
Authors: Obeid Rana
Published: May 2017

This small scale, quantitatively based, research study aimed at exploring one of the most debated areas in the field of Teaching English to Speakers of Other Languages (TESOL); and that is, the perceptions and attitudes of English as a Foreign Language (EFL) teachers as well as EFL learners at an English Language Institute (ELI) at a major university in the Western region of Saudi Arabia, King Abdulaziz University, towards second language writing assessment. The research study involved, randomly selected twenty-two EFL teachers and seventy-eight EFL students between the period of September 2016 and December 2016. Two, purposefully designed, twenty-item, Likert scale questionnaires were distributed amongst the teachers and students. One for the participating EFL teachers and one for the participating EFL students. Data analysis using descriptive statistical methods indicated several concerns which EFL teachers and students have with regards to the writing assessment in general and to the obstacles EFL teachers face when teaching and assessing writing. In addition, there was an indication of general resentments and strong feelings amongst the EFL students where the majority indicated that they are sometimes graded unfairly and writing assessment should take another, more holistic approach rather a narrow one. The study makes recommendations for future research.
Unifying Mechanism for Nutrients as Anticancer Agents: Electron Transfer, Reactive Oxygen Species and Oxidative Stress
Authors: Kovacic Peter , Somanathan Ratnasamy
Published: May 2017

A recent article deals with various nutrients in relation to bactericidal action. The present article focuses on a unifying mode of action for the nutrients, namely, resveratrol, epigallocatechin, polyene-ß-carotene, polyene lycopene, piperine, curcumin, genistein, luteolin, sulforaphane and pomegranate extract. The mechanism is based on electron transfer, reactive oxygen species and oxidative stress, which comprises an extension of earlier reports involving agents. Most of the compounds are precursors of electron transfer quinones, whereas others fit into the polyene category. The nutrients are better known as antioxidants. The dichotomy is addressed.
Reviewer Acknowledgements for International Business Research, Vol. 10, No. 6
Authors: Duran Kevin
Published: May 2017

International Business Research wishes to acknowledge the following individuals for their assistance with peer review of manuscripts for this issue. Their help and contributions in maintaining the quality of the journal are greatly appreciated.International Business Research is recruiting reviewers for the journal. If you are interested in becoming a reviewer, we welcome you to join us. Please find the application form and details at http://recruitment.ccsenet.org and e-mail the completed application form to ibr@ccsenet.org.Reviewers for Volume 10, Number 6 Ahmad Mahmoud Ahmad Zamil, King Saud University RCC, JordanAlina Badulescu, University of Oradea, RomaniaNasim Saadati, Panjab University, IndiaAmran Awang, Head of Entrepreneurship Center, MalaysiaAlireza Athari, Eastern Mediterranean University, IranSerhii Kozlovskiy, Donetsk National University, UkraineMaria Teresa Bianchi, University of Rome “LA SAPIENZA”, ItalyMongi Arfaoui, University of Monastir, TunisiaAurelija Burinskiene, Vilnius Gediminas Technical University, LithuaniaHung-Che Wu, Nanfang College of Sun Yat-sen University, ChinaGiuseppe Granata, University of Cassino and Southen Lazio, ItalyVincent Grèzes, University of Applied Sciences Western Switzerland (HES-SO Valais-Wallis), SwitzerlandGianluca Ginesti, University of Naples “FEDERICO II”, ItalyAbedalqader Rababah, Arab Open University, OmanMuath Eleswed, American University of Kuwait, USAFrancesco Ciampi, Florence University, ItalyGeorgeta Dragomir, “Danubius” University of Galati, RomaniaFabio De Felice, University of Cassino and Southern Lazio, ItalyLadislav Mura, University of Ss. Cyril and Methodius in Trnava, SlovakiaMalgorzata Koszewska, Lodz University of Technology, PolandManlio Del Giudice, University of Rome "Link Campus", ItalyManuela Rozalia Gabor, “Petru Maior” University of Tîrgu Mureş, RomaniaMaria do Céu Gaspar Alves, University of Beira Interior, PortugalMihaela Simionescu, Institute for Economic Forecasting of the Romanian Academy, RomaniaModar Abdullatif, Middle East University, JordanJorge Mongay-Hurtado, ESIC Business and Marketing School, SpainRadoslav Jankal, University of Zilina, SlovakiaRafiuddin Ahmed, James Cook University, AustraliaTerrill Frantz, Peking University HSBC Business School, USAVassili JOANNIDES de LAUTOUR, Grenoble École de Management (France) and Queensland University of Technology School of Accountancy (Australia), FranceMohsen Malekalketab Khiabani, University Technology Malaysia, MalaysiaMaria J. Sanchez-Bueno, Universidad Carlos III se Madrid, SpainCheng Jing, eBay, Inc. / University of Rochester, USAArash Riasi, University of Delaware, USASumathisri Bhoopalan, Sastra University, IndiaFevzi Esen, Istanbul Medeniyet University, TurkeyAshford C Chea, Benedict College, USA
Why Do We Make Sport: The Importance of Psycho-Social Motivations in Adult Sports Participation
Authors: Jular Jansanem , Tari Kasnakoglu Berna
Published: May 2017

This study is swayed by the idea of how people might be motivated to engage in different types of sports, and how enduring these motivations might be. The importance of the research question stems from an observable trend among people who are willing to experience different sports for the sake of fun and pleasure, as well as an academic need to develop a better understanding of the physical, psychological, and social factors that shape people’ sports choices. With this purpose, this study summarizes the results of a questionnaire asking 242 respondents the extent to which they are motivated by each single motive listed. General descriptive results do not explain much of sport behavior; however multinomial regression, exploring a causal link between motivation types and sports types reveals more informative conclusions. Results emphasize the importance of a psycho-social account of sports participation since health is found to be an insignificant motivator.
Causes and Effects of Cost Overrun on Construction Project in Bahrain: Part 2 (PLS-SEM Path Modelling)
Authors: Abusafiya Hedaya A. M. , Suliman Saad A. M.
Published: May 2017

In part 1 of the paper, cost overrun factors associated with the construction industry in Bahrain were identified, and risk maps were developed based on a survey and actual construction projects records. This part of the paper adopted structural equation modelling (SEM) approach to assess the effects of cost overrun factors on project cost in Bahrain. SEM is the graphical equivalent of a mathematical representation to study relationship between dependent variable to explanatory variable. SEM is regarded as extension of standardized regression modelling and is important tool to estimate the causal relationship between factors. The collected data from the questionnaire and actual projects of part 1 were modelled and analyzed using SmartPLS v3.0 software. Results showed that approximately 60% of cost overrun was influenced with the factors identified in part 1. The Global fit index (GoF) value of the developed model was 0.591, indicating that the model has enough power in explaining the relationship between identified factors and cost overrun.
The Impact of Electronic Journals on Use of Print in Geology
Authors: Borrelli Steve , Galbraith Betty , Brady Eileen E.
Published: May 2017

This study examines the use of geology journals at Washington State University (WSU), before and after electronic access was provided, to determine if the use of the print collection increased as in the previous studies at WSU of three other science disciplines. The number and source of articles cited by WSU geologists from 1998 to 2004 is also examined to determine the impact of electronic access on citation patterns. In light of inflation and package deals, librarians need to understand how faculty use journals. This analysis will assist librarians in better understanding journal usage to inform future serial purchasing decisions.
Job Satisfaction among Academic Cataloger Librarians
Authors: Leysen Joan M. , Boydston Jeanne M. K.
Published: May 2017

This article details the results of a May 2007 study of job satisfaction of cataloger librarians at ARL member libraries in the United States. Eighty-eight percent of the cataloger librarians studied were satisfied with their current job and the majority would make the same career choice again. Job facets that cataloger librarians found most important were the benefits package, relationships with coworkers, and opportunities to learn new skills. Catalogers wanted to be treated fairly, be consulted about issues directly related to their work, be informed about current activities in their department, have their opinions respected and considered, and have an administration that supports catalogers. Topics for future research are suggested.
Undergraduate Perceptions of Information Literacy: Defining, Attaining, and Self-Assessing Skills
Authors: Gross Melissa , Latham Don
Published: May 2017

This investigation uses interview data on student conceptions of and experiences with interacting with information. In addition, student scores on the Information Literacy Test (ILT) provide data that allow for comparison of student perceptions to their level of information literacy as measured by a standardized test. A relational approach, informed by competency theory and the imposed query model, provide the framework for the study design and interpretation of the data. Findings reveal a general view of information literacy focused on product rather than process, a perception of achieving information skills on their own, a preference for people over other information sources, and an emphasis on personal interest as key to successful information seeking.
Does Interface Design Influence Catalog Use? A Case Study
Authors: Knievel Jennifer E. , Wakimoto Jina Choi , Holladay Sara
Published: May 2017

A recent OPAC redesign and implementation of a link resolver at the University of Colorado at Boulder prompted the researchers to question whether the redesign influenced catalog use. Authors evaluated transactional log data between fall of 2005 and spring of 2008. Searches for keyword, title, author, subject, LC call number, and ISSN/ISBN were tracked for each semester during weeks two and three of the semester, a mid-semester sampling period, and finals week. The data show that keyword searches increased slightly following the redesign, and ISSN/ ISBN searches increased dramatically following implementation of the link resolver. Total searches held steady over the course of the study.
Assessing the Potential for a National Print Repository: Results of an Australian Overlap Study
Authors: Genoni Paul , Varga Eva
Published: May 2017

This paper reports on research assessing the potential space savings that can be made if Australian academic libraries implement a national repository for the storage of legacy print collections. The paper includes data derived from a collection overlap study based on members of the CARM (CAVAL Archival and Research Materials) Centre to estimate the impact of a fully implemented national repository. It includes a calculation of the shelf and floor space that libraries might potentially retrieve for other purposes.
Engaging Conversation: Evaluating the Contribution of Library Instruction to the Quality of Student Research
Authors: Emmons Mark , Martin Wanda
Published: May 2017

The study discussed in this article compared research papers before and after implementation of an inquiry-based library instruction program to assess the program’s effectiveness and consider its future development. The new program appears to have made a small difference in the types of materials students chose and how they found them. Little change was seen in how students used their sources. The evaluation has fostered increased collaboration between the library and the English department, and suggests that the programs can be further improved by providing more training for instructors and placing greater emphasis on the rhetorical approach to research.
Implications of differentiated care for successful ART scale‐up in a concentrated HIV epidemic in Yangon, Myanmar
Authors: Mesic Anita , Fontaine Julie , Aye Theingy , Greig Jane , Thwe Thin Thin , Moretó‐Planas Laura , Kliesckova Jarmila , Khin Khin , Zarkua Nana , Gonzalez Lucia , Guillergan Erwin Lloyd , O’Brien Daniel P.
Published: May 2017

Introduction: National AIDS Programme in Myanmar has made significant progress in scaling up antiretroviral treatment (ART) services and recognizes the importance of differentiated care for people living with HIV. Indeed, long centred around the hospital and reliant on physicians, the country's HIV response is undergoing a process of successful decentralization with HIV care increasingly being integrated into other health services as part of a systematic effort to expand access to HIV treatment. This study describes implementation of differentiated care in Médecins Sans Frontières (MSF)‐supported programmes and reports its outcomes.

Methods: A descriptive cohort analysis of adult patients on antiretroviral treatment was performed. We assessed stability of patients as of 31 December 2014 and introduced an intervention of reduced frequency of physicians’ consultations for stable patients, and fast tract ART refills. We measured a number of saved physician's visits as the result of this intervention. Main outcomes, remained under care, death, lost to follow up, treatment failure, were assessed on 31 December 2015 and reported as rates for different stable groups.

Results: On 31 December 2014, our programme counted 16, 272 adult patients enrolled in HIV care, of whom 80.34% were stable. The model allowed for an increase in the average number of patients one medical team could care for – from 745 patients in 2011 to 1, 627 in 2014 – and, thus, a reduction in the number of teams needed. An assessment of stable patients enrolled on ART one year after the implementation of the new model revealed excellent outcomes, aggregated for stable patients as 98.7% remaining in care, 0.4% dead, 0.8% lost to follow‐up, 0.8% clinical treatment failure and 5.8% with immunological treatment failure.

Conclusions: Implementation of a differentiated model reduced the number of visits between stable clients and physicians, reduced the medical resources required for treatment and enabled integrated treatment of the main co‐morbidities. We hope that these findings will encourage other stakeholders to implement innovative models of HIV care in Myanmar, further expediting the scale up of ART services, the decentralization of treatment and the integration of care for the main HIV co‐morbidities in this context.
Erythropoietin signaling regulates heme biosynthesis
Authors: Chung Jacky , Wittig Johannes G , Ghamari Alireza , Maeda Manami , Dailey Tamara A , Bergonia Hector , Kafina Martin D , Coughlin Emma E , Minogue Catherine E , Hebert Alexander S , Li Liangtao , Kaplan Jerry , Lodish Harvey F , Bauer Daniel E , Orkin Stuart H , Cantor Alan B , Maeda Takahiro , Phillips John D , Coon Joshua J , Pagliarini David J , Dailey Harry A , Paw Barry H
Published: May 2017

Heme is required for survival of all cells, and in most eukaryotes, is produced through a series of eight enzymatic reactions. Although heme production is critical for many cellular processes, how it is coupled to cellular differentiation is unknown. Here, using zebrafish, murine, and human models, we show that erythropoietin (EPO) signaling, together with the GATA1 transcriptional target,AKAP10, regulates heme biosynthesis during erythropoiesis at the outer mitochondrial membrane. This integrated pathway culminates with the direct phosphorylation of the crucial heme biosynthetic enzyme, ferrochelatase (FECH) by protein kinase A (PKA). Biochemical, pharmacological, and genetic inhibition of this signaling pathway result in a block in hemoglobin production and concomitant intracellular accumulation of protoporphyrin intermediates. Broadly, our results implicate aberrant PKA signaling in the pathogenesis of hematologic diseases. We propose a unifying model in which the erythroid transcriptional program works in concert with post-translational mechanisms to regulate heme metabolism during normal development.
Characterizing transient radio‐frequency interference
Authors: Czech Daniel , Mishra Amit , Inggs Michael
Published: May 2017

Transient radio‐frequency interference (RFI) events can be generated as unintended by‐products of the normal operation of devices such as mechanical relays or electric motors. In the radio astronomy reserve in South Africa, several new radio telescopes such as MeerKAT, the Square Kilometre Array, and the Hydrogen Epoch of Reionization Array are planned or under construction. Some will begin observations before others are complete. The associated construction equipment and infrastructure could include transient RFI sources with the potential to degrade astronomical observations. In this paper we present an analysis of RFI events in the time domain, for which we have recorded a data set of nine common sources of transient RFI. We statistically characterize these RFI signals and investigate the effectiveness of analyzing them using components analysis methods such as principal components analysis (PCA) and kernel PCA. Several interesting insights are presented on the statistical properties of this type of RFI in the time domain. The procedure we propose for analyzing transient RFI is expected to be useful for real‐time analysis and identification of RFI events.
The Kühtai data set: 25 years of lysimetric, snow pillow, and meteorological measurements
Authors: Krajči P. , Kirnbauer R. , Parajka J. , Schöber J. , Blöschl G.
Published: May 2017

Snow measurements at the Kühtai station in Tirol, Austria, (1920 m.a.s.l.) are described. The data set includes snow water equivalent from a 10 m2 snow pillow, snow melt outflow from a 10 m2 snow lysimeter placed at the same location as the pillow, meteorological data (precipitation, incoming shortwave radiation, reflected shortwave radiation, air temperature, relative air humidity, and wind speed), and other data (snow depths, snow temperatures at seven heights) from the period October 1990 to May 2015. All data have been quality checked, and gaps in the meteorological data have been filled in. The data set is unique in that all data are available at a temporal resolution of 15 min over a period of 25 years with minimal changes in the experimental setup. The data set can therefore be used to analyze snow pack processes over a long‐time period, including their extremes and long‐term changes, in an Alpine climate. Analyses may benefit from the combined measurement of snow water equivalent, lysimeter outflow, and precipitation at a wind‐sheltered alpine site. An example use of data shows the temporal variability of daily and 1 April snow water equivalent observed at the Kühtai site. The results indicate that the snow water equivalent maximum varies between 200 and more than 500 mm w.e., but there is no statistically significant temporal trend in the period 1990–2015.
Transketolase–Aldolase Symbiosis for the Stereoselective Preparation of Aldoses and Ketoses of Biological Interest
Authors: Guérard‐Hélaine Christine , De Sousa Lopes Moreira Maxime , Touisni Nadia , Hecquet Laurence , Lemaire Marielle , Hélaine Virgil
Published: May 2017

Transketolase (TK) was used as biocatalyst to produce useful aldoses that serve as aldolase electrophiles to prepare monosaccharides of biological interest. Unconventionally, TK was implemented in a synthetic pathway, as in metabolism, i.e., without using a specially designed nucleophile such as hydroxypyruvate to shift the equilibrium. Unusually, formaldehyde was taken as the general TK acceptor substrate to generate aldehydes. Here it was demonstrated that this method can be generalized: the substrates and the aldolase were successfully varied, coupled with other enzymes in a one‐pot, one‐step green cascade reaction process involving four enzymes with atom economy. In addition, new assays were developed for both monitoring the progress of the reactions and assessing the purity of the synthesized products.

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Regio‐ and Stereoselective Oxidation of Styrene Derivatives to Arylalkanoic Acids via One‐Pot Cascade Biotransformations
Authors: Wu Shuke , Zhou Yi , Seet Daniel , Li Zhi
Published: May 2017

Green and selective oxidation methods are highly desired in chemical synthesis and manufacturing. In this work, we have developed a biocatalytic method for the regio‐ and stereoselective oxidation of styrene derivatives into arylacetic and (S)‐2‐arylpropionic acids via a one‐pot epoxidation–isomerization–oxidation sequence. This was done via the engineering of Escherichia coli (StyABC‐EcALDH) coexpressing styrene monooxygenase (SMO), styrene oxide isomerase (SOI) and aldehyde dehydrogenase (EcALDH) as an active and easily available whole‐cell catalyst. Regioselective oxidation of styrene and 11 substituted styrenes using the E. coli cells was performed in a one‐pot set‐up, producing 12 phenylacetic acids in both high conversion and high yield. Engineering of E. coli (StyABC‐ADH9v1) coexpressing SMO, SOI and ADH9v1 (a mutated alcohol dehydrogenase) led to biocatalysts capable of regio‐ and stereoselective oxidation of α‐methylstyrene derivatives to the corresponding chiral acids. One‐pot asymmetric synthesis of 4 (S)‐2‐arylpropionic acids was achieved in good conversion and excellent ee with the E. coli cells. This is a new type of asymmetric alkene oxidation to give chiral acids with no chemical counterpart thus far. The cascade bio‐oxidation operates under mild conditions, uses molecular oxygen, exhibits very high regio‐ and enantioselectivity, and gives high conversion, thus providing a green and efficient method for the synthesis of arylacetic acids and (S)‐2‐arylpropionic acids directly from easily available styrenes.

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Hydrodynamics of gas–liquid flow in micropacked beds: Pressure drop, liquid holdup, and two‐phase model
Authors: Zhang Jisong , Teixeira Andrew R. , Kögl Lars Thilo , Yang Lu , Jensen Klavs F.
Published: May 2017

Hydrodynamics of gas–liquid two‐phase flow in micropacked beds are studied with a new experimental setup. The pressure drop, residence time distribution, and liquid holdup are measured with gas and liquid flow rates varying from 4 to 14 sccm and 0.1 to 1 mL/min, respectively. Key parameters are identified to control the experimentally observed hydrodynamics, including transient start‐up procedure, gas and liquid superficial velocities, particle and packed bed diameters, and physical properties of the liquids. Contrary to conventional large packed beds, our results demonstrate that in these microsystems, capillary forces have a large effect on pressure drop and liquid holdup, while gravity can be neglected. A mathematical model describes the hydrodynamics in the micropacked beds by considering the contribution of capillary forces, and its predictions are in good agreement with experimental data. © 2017 American Institute of Chemical Engineers AIChE J, 63: 4694–4704, 2017
Factors associated with risk of central nervous system relapse in patients with non‐core binding factor acute myeloid leukemia
Authors: Jabbour Elias , Guastad Daver Naval , Short Nicholas James , Huang Xuelin , Chen Hsiang‐Chun , Maiti Abhishek , Ravandi Farhad , Cortes Jorge , Abi Aad Simon , Garcia‐Manero Guillermo , Estrov Zeev , Kadia Tapan , O'Brien Susan , Dabaja Bouthaina , Bueso‐Ramos Carlos , Strati Paolo , Bivins Carol , Pierce Sherry , Kantarjian Hagop
Published: May 2017

Central nervous system (CNS) relapse is uncommon in patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) with the use of high‐dose cytarabine containing chemotherapy regimens. The clinical and molecular features associated with a higher risk of CNS relapse are not well defined. We assessed the incidence and outcome of CNS relapses among 1245 patients with relapsed/refractory AML referred to our institution between 2000 and 2014. CNS leukemia relapse was observed in 51 patients (4.1%). Using a multivariate regression model and after adjusting for age, FLT3‐ITD mutation (OR = 2.33; P = .02) and elevated LDH (>1000 IU/L, OR = 1.99; P = .04) were independent predictive factors for CNS relapse. Patients under 64 years of age with 0, 1, or 2 baseline adverse features had a probability of 3.8%, 7.0%‐8.0%, and 13.9% for developing CNS disease, respectively. Our study identifies patients with AML at higher risk for CNS relapse in whom prophylactic CNS therapy may be warranted.
Metal‐Free C−C Bond Cleavage: One‐Pot Access to 1,4‐Benzoquinone‐linked N‐Formyl Amides/Sulfonamides/Carbamates using Oxone
Authors: Ramya P. V. Sri , Angapelly Srinivas , Babu Bathini Nagendra , Digwal Chander Singh , Nagarsenkar Atulya , Gannoju Srinivasulu , Prasanth B. , Arifuddin Mohammed , Kanneboina Kumar , Rangan Krishnan , Kamal Ahmed
Published: May 2017

An efficient and versatile protocol for the synthesis of 1,4‐benzoquinone‐linked N‐formyl amides/sulfonamides/carbamates using oxone has been described. The striking element of this protocol is the unprecedented one‐pot cascade involving oxidation, followed by dearomatization and C−C bond cleavage of N‐substituted 6,7‐dimethoxy tetrahydroisoquinoline to form various 1,4‐benzoquinone‐linked N‐formyl derivatives. Moreover, the antioxidant activity and fluorescent properties of some of the representative compounds have been studied.
Problematising Australia's Nanny Pilot Program as evidence‐based policy: A reconstruction of the problem of childcare
Authors: Fenech Marianne , Sweller Naomi
Published: May 2017

In a notable departure from long‐standing childcare policy in Australia, in January 2016 fee relief was extended to nannies providing in‐home care in a 2‐year pilot program. This policy is significant as fee relief is not tied to the meeting of regulatory requirements designed to ensure quality early learning and care for young children. Drawing on Carol Bacchi's approach to policy analysis, this paper extends previous problematising of evidence‐based policy by highlighting the value of first considering how a policy ‘problem’ has been constructed. We propose that the nanny pilot is an ideologically driven policy that has emanated from a construction of childcare that is adult (parent)‐centred and marginalises the needs and interests of young children. Accordingly, certain evidence is privileged while other evidence is ignored, with the ensuing policy focused on economic imperatives rather than quality early learning and care experiences for young children. We draw on an analysis of parent, peak body and researcher submissions to the Productivity Commission's 2013–2014 childcare inquiry, nanny‐focused research, and data from three national surveys to explore the limitations of such a policy approach. The utility of problem reconstruction as a means of disrupting policy‐informed evidence and the legitimisation of purported evidence‐based policy is considered.
Phenobarbital and midazolam increase neonatal seizure‐associated neuronal injury
Authors: Torolira Daniel , Suchomelova Lucie , Wasterlain Claude G. , Niquet Jerome
Published: May 2017

Status epilepticus is common in neonates and infants, and is associated with neuronal injury and adverse developmental outcomes. γ‐Aminobutyric acidergic (GABAergic) drugs, the standard treatment for neonatal seizures, can have excitatory effects in the neonatal brain, which may worsen the seizures and their effects. Using a recently developed model of status epilepticus in postnatal day 7 rat pups that results in widespread neuronal injury, we found that the GABAA agonists phenobarbital and midazolam significantly increased status epilepticus–associated neuronal injury in various brain regions. Our results suggest that more research is needed into the possible deleterious effects of GABAergic drugs on neonatal seizures and on excitotoxic neuronal injury in the immature brain. Ann Neurol 2017;82:115–120