bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Decrease of CD38 expression is linked to increase of solitary plasmacytoma pathological grade: a single institution experience from China
Authors: Li Yueying , Guo Jianchun , Yang Chunxiu , Xu Jian , Meng Pei , Xiao Shu-Yuan
Published: January 2022

Introduction: Solitary plasmacytoma (SP) is a rare plasma cell disorder characterized by localized neoplastic proliferation of monoclonal plasma cell. Due to its rarity, further understanding of the spectrum of its clinicopathologic features is needed. Methods: A retrospective analysis of cases from a single institution was conducted. Clinical characteristics of the patients were collected; histopathological and semi-quantitative immunohistochemical analyses were performed. Results: Thirteen cases were identified from our pathology archives, including 4 cases of solitary plasmacytoma of bone (SPB) (30.8%) and 9 extraosseous plasmacytoma (EP) (69.2%). The mean age of EP is a decade older than SPB. There is no gender disparity. The most common sites involved are the vertebrae and nasopharynx. Histologically, the tumors can be classified into two grades based on degree of differentiation. Immunohistochemically the tumor cells express CD38, CD138, MUM-1, and exhibit light chain restriction. Ki-67 proliferation index is 30%. In situ hybridization for Epstein-Barr virus-encoded small RNAs (EBER) is negative in six cases tested. Semi-quantitative immunohistochemical analysis showed decreased integrated optical density (IOD) of CD38 in neoplastic cells. IgH gene rearrangement was identified in two cases. Conclusion: SP is a rare plasmacytoid neoplasm that occurs more frequently in older patients. Diagnosis requires a systematic clinical approach combined with the pathological characteristics of plasmacytoid morphology, immunophenotype and light chain restriction. There are more cases of EP than SPB in our series, which is in contrast to that reported in literature. Results from this study suggest that CD38 is a potential immunohistochemical marker associated with prognosis of SP. Further studies with more cases and longer term follow-up may provide more definitive information on risk of progression from SP to multiple myeloma (MM).
The association of vascular endothelial growth factor related SNPs and circulating iron levels might depend on body mass index
Authors: Chedid Pia , Salami Ali , Ibrahim Mariam , Visvikis-Siest Sophie , El Shamieh Said
Published: January 2022

Background and objectives: Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor (VEGF) is an essential regulator of vascular biology. In addition to the well-established role in angiogenesis, circulating VEGF levels were found elevated in severely anemic patients, pointing out that anemia might affect the progression of angiogenesis in malignant and benign diseases through the alteration of VEGF levels. Ten single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in VEGFA and other loci were shown to explain more than 50% of its circulating levels. This study investigated the association of those ten VEGF-related SNPs with serum iron levels in a general Lebanese population free of chronic diseases (N = 460). Result: We found that the rs10738760 and the body mass index (BMI) were associated with decreased Iron levels (p = 0.002, and p < 0.001, respectively). When taken together, both variables, rs10738760 and BMI, interacted to reduce iron levels (p < 0.001). According to obesity status, the stratification revealed that the effect of rs10738760 was more pronounced in obese than non-obese individuals (p = 0.025).Conclusion: The intergenic SNP rs10738760 is associated with circulating iron levels, and this association depends on BMI status.Although of interest, these results need replication in larger populations from different ancestries.
The utility of radiographic assessment of the internal mammary arteries in chest wall irradiated patients
Authors: Naraparaju Vamsidhar , Mosleh Wassim , Almnajam Mansour , Khaddr Mansour , Bagade Swapnil , Posteraro Anthony , Grew David , Wakefield Dorothy B. , Hur David J. , Vashist Aseem
Published: January 2022

Purpose: The internal mammary arteries (IMA’s) are historically recognized to be protected against atherosclerosis. Whether chest wall-irradiation for breast cancer leads to significant IMA damage remains unclear. The utility of computed tomography (CT) and mammography to detect radiation-induced damage to the IMA’s and its branches is not known. The objective of this study is to assess the susceptibility of IMA’s to radiation-induced atherosclerosis, and the utility of CT scan and mammography in the assessment of IMA and its branches. Methods: A retrospective analysis of breast cancer patients who received chest wall-radiotherapy was performed. Patients with CT scans and/or mammograms ≥5 years post-radiotherapy were included. Baseline characteristics, coronary artery calcification (CAC), the presence of IMA damage assessed by CT scan, and IMA branch calcifications by mammography were recorded. Results: None of the 66 patients with CT scans post-radiotherapy revealed IMA atherosclerosis. There were 28 (42.4%) patients with CAC, of which four (14.3% of CAC subgroup or 6.1% of the total cohort) had calcifications on either side on mammogram (Chi-square test, p = 0.74). Out of the 222 patients with mammograms, 36 (16.2%) had IMA branch calcifications. Two hundred and ten patients received unilateral radiotherapy, and 27 (12.9%) of these patients had calcifications on the irradiated side, and 26 patients (12.4%) had calcifications on the contralateral side (OR = 1.0). Conclusion: IMA’s do not exhibit signs of radiation-induced atherosclerosis when evaluated by CT scan. In addition, there is no association between radiotherapy for breast cancer and the presence of IMA branch calcification on mammograms.
Genetic variants in obesity-related genes and the risk of osteoporotic fracture. The Hortega Follow-up Study
Authors: Usategui-Martín Ricardo , Pérez-Castrillón Jose Luis , Briongos-Figuero Laisa , Abadía-Otero Jesica , Lara-Hernandez Francisco , García-Sorribes Soraya , Martín-Vallejo Javier , García-García Ana B. , Chaves Felipe J. , Martín-Escudero Juan Carlos
Published: January 2022

Background: Osteoporosis and obesity are major public health problems that are closely correlated, as they share various features, including a genetic predisposition. A genetic correlation between obesity and osteoporosis due to the biological common pathways of bone and fat metabolism, which implies pleiotropic genes regulating has been described. The objective of our study was to analyse whether polymorphisms in obesity-related genes modify the risk of osteoporotic bone fracture. Methods: We studied 575 subjects from the Hortega Study. The subjects were followed-up for 12–14 years. 202 subjects were overweight, 143 obese and 221 had bone fractures. The distribution of 39 genetic variants in 22 obesity-related genes were studied. Results: The results showed a relationship between polymorphisms in the FTO and NEGR1 genes and the susceptibility to osteoporotic fracture. The variant genotype of the rs2568958 NEGR1 polymorphism and the rs6499649, rs3751812, and rs8044769 genetic variants in FTO were associated with susceptibility to bone fracture. In the best of our knowledge, this is the first time that these variants in NEGR1 and FTO genes have been associated with the susceptibility to osteoporotic bone fracture, supporting the hypothesis that the NEGR1 and FTO genes might be candidates for osteoporosis and bone fracture. Conclusions: In conclusion, this study associates obesity-related polymorphisms in the NEGR1 and FTO genes with osteoporotic bone fracture, reinforcing the hypothesis that obesity and bone metabolism are closely correlated genetically.
Microarray analysis reveals an important role for dietary L-arginine in regulating global gene expression in porcine placentae during early gestation
Authors: Li Xilong , Johnson Gregory A. , Zhou Huaijun , Burghardt Robert C. , Bazer Fuller W. , Wu Guoyao
Published: January 2022

Background: Increasing the dietary provision of L-arginine to pregnant swine beginning at Day 14 of gestation enhances embryonic survival, but the underlying mechanisms are largely unknown. Objective: This study determined the effects of dietary supplementation with 0.8% L-arginine to gilts between Days 14 and 25 of gestation on the global expression of genes in their placentae. Methods: Between Days 14 and 24 of gestation, gilts were fed 2 kg of a corn- and soybean meal-based diet (containing 12.0% crude protein and 0.70% Arg) supplemented with 0.8% L-arginine or without L-arginine (0.0%; with 1.64% L-alanine as the isonitrogenous control). On Day 25 of gestation, 30 min after the consumption of their top dressing containing 8 g L-arginine or 16.4 g L-alanine, gilts underwent hysterectomy to obtain placentae, which were snap-frozen in liquid nitrogen. Total RNAs were extracted from the frozen tissues and used for microarray analysis based on the 44-K Agilent porcine gene platform. Results: L-Arginine supplementation affected placental expression of 575 genes, with 146 genes being up-regulated and 429 genes being down-regulated. These differentially expressed genes play important roles in nutrient metabolism, polyamine production, protein synthesis, proteolysis, angiogenesis, immune development, anti-oxidative responses, and adhesion force between the chorioallantoic membrane and the endometrial epithelium, as well as functions of insulin, transforming growth factor beta, and Notch signaling pathways. Conclusion: Dietary supplementation with L-arginine plays an important role in regulating placental gene expression in gilts. Our findings help to elucidate mechanisms responsible for the beneficial effect of L-arginine in improving placental growth and embryonic/fetal survival in swine.
Canonical WNT pathway inhibition reduces ATP synthesis rates in glioblastoma stem cells
Authors: Ouwens Dymphna Margriet , Hewera Michael , Li Guanzhang , Di Wang , Muhammad Sajjad , Hänggi Daniel , Steiger Hans-Jakob , Dumitru Claudia A. , Sandalcioglu Erol , Croner Roland S , Zhang Wei , Kakhlon Or , Kahlert Ulf D.
Published: January 2022

Background: The conserved stem cell signaling network canonical Wingless (WNT) plays important roles in development and disease. Aberrant activation of this pathway has been linked to tumor progression and resistance to therapy. Industry and academia have substantially invested in developing substances, which can efficiently and specifically block the WNT signaling pathway. However, a clear clinical proof of the efficacy of this approach is still missing. Studies on the metabolomics dysregulation of cancer cells have led to innovations in oncological diagnostics. In addition, modulation of cancer cell metabolome is at the base of promising clinical oncology trials currently underway. While onco-protein activation can have profound metabolic outcomes, the involvement of stem cell signals, such as the WNT pathway, in tumor cell metabolomics is yet insufficiently characterized. Material and methods: We determined live cell metabolism and bioenergetics in pathophysiological relevant, WNT-dependent glioblastoma stem cell (GSC) models. We quantified those parameters in cells with canonical WNT activity and in isogenic cells where WNT activity had been inhibited by short hairpin RNA against β-catenin. Furthermore, we applied computational analysis of RNA sequencing to verify our functional findings in independent GSCs cohorts. Results: The investigated collection of disease models allows the separation in tumors with low, moderate and high base line metabolic activity. Suppression of canonical WNT signaling led to significant reduction of total, mitochondrial, and glycolytic ATP production rates. Elevated canonical WNT transcription signature in GSCs positively correlated with transcription levels of mitochondrial ATP synthesis, whereas non-canonical WNT gene expression signature did not. Conclusion: The applied disease modeling technology allows the recapitulation of inter-tumoral heterogeneous metabolic properties of glioblastoma. Our data show for the first time that inhibition of canonical WNT signaling in alive GSCs functionally correlates with energy inhibition and glucose homeostasis. As this correlation occurs in GSCs from different transcriptional or epigenetic transcriptional subtypes, our results suggest that developing therapies directed against glycolysis/ATP-synthesis may be a promising strategy to overcome therapy resistance due to inter-tumoral heterogeneity and offers starting point to impair downstream signal WNT.
Annotating whole genome variants and constructing a multi-classifier based on samples of ADNI
Authors: Zhou Juan , Qiu Yangping , Liu Xiangyu , Xie Ziruo , Lv Shanguo , Peng Yuanyuan , Li Xiong
Published: January 2022

Introduction: Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is the most common progressive neurodegenerative disorder in the elderly, which will eventually lead to dementia without an effective precaution and treatment. As a typical complex disease, the mechanism of AD’s occurrence and development still lacks sufficient understanding. Research design and methods: In this study, we aim to directly analyze the relationship between DNA variants and phenotypes based on the whole genome sequencing data. Firstly, to enhance the biological meanings of our study, we annotate the deleterious variants and mapped them to nearest protein coding genes. Then, to eliminate the redundant features and reduce the burden of downstream analysis, a multi-objective evaluation strategy based on entropy theory is applied for ranking all candidate genes. Finally, we use multi-classifier XGBoost for classifying unbalanced data composed with 46 AD samples, 483 mild cognitive impairment (MCI) samples and 279 cognitive normal (CN) samples. Results: The experimental results on real whole genome sequencing data from Alzheimer’s Disease Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI) show that our method not only has satisfactory classification performance but also finds significance correlation between AD and RIN3, a known susceptibility gene of AD. In addition, pathway enrichment analysis was carried out using the top 20 feature genes, and three pathways were confirmed to be significantly related to the formation of AD. Conclusions: From the experimental results, we demonstrated that the efficacy of our proposed method has practical significance.
First post-discharge heart rate and long-term prognosis in patients with acute myocardial infarction
Authors: Li Chuang , Zhang Qian , Feng Dejing , Wang Lefeng , Yang Xinchun , Su Pixiong , Li Kuibao , Chen Mulei
Published: January 2022

Background: Elevated heart rate (HR) is associated with cardiovascular mortality and other events associated with acute myocardial infarction (AMI). The heart rate after discharge is likely superior to reflect the deteriorating heart function, which negatively responds to normal physical activity. This study aimed to explore the effect of HR at the first outpatient visit on clinical outcomes. Methods: We retrospectively identified 605 patients with AMI. HRs at admission, discharge, and first outpatient visits were measured. The primary endpoint was defined as major adverse cardiovascular events (MACEs), including cardiovascular (CV) death, readmission for worsening heart failure, recurrent nonfatal myocardial infarction (MI), repeated coronary revascularization, and ischemic stroke. Results: During the follow-up period, 145 cases of MACE occurred, including 34 CV deaths, 31 recurrent MI, 89 revascularizations, 41 heart failures, and 4 strokes. The event group displayed an elevated HR at the first outpatient visit compared to the event-free group (p < 0.001). After adjustment for confounding risk factors, Cox models showed that the outpatient HR had the best correlation with MACE [Hazard ratio (HR) = 1.33, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 10.8–59.3, p < 0.01 for increments of 1 standard deviation (SD) in the outpatient HR) and CV mortality (HR = 1.18, 95% CI = 1.052–1.325, p < 0.01) compared with the other two HRs. The restricted spline model indicated that HR at the first post-discharge above 71 bpm was associated with CV mortality. Conclusions: Elevated HR at the first outpatient visit over a period of 2–4 weeks is related to the adverse outcomes of AMI and may identify AMI patients at higher risk of CV mortality.
A decade of insertable cardiac monitors with remote monitoring in pediatric patients
Authors: Silvetti Massimo S. , Tamburri Ilaria , Porco Luigina , Saputo Fabio A. , Di Mambro Corrado , Righi Daniela , Cazzoli Ilaria , Cicenia Marianna , Campisi Marta , Ravà Lucilla , Pizzicaroli Cecilia , Drago Fabrizio
Published: January 2022

Background: Remote monitoring-enabled insertable cardiac monitors (ICMs) are useful tools for arrhythmias and symptom management. This study sought to evaluate the outcome of ICM implantation in a large, heterogeneous cohort of pediatric and young adult patients. Methods: Single centre, retrospective analysis of patients who underwent ICM implantation in 2010–2019. Patients were analysed according to age, symptoms, arrhythmias and underlying heart disease. Results: A total of 200 consecutive patients (58% male), aged 11.5 ± 5.8 years at ICM implantation, were included. Follow-up was 31 ± 18 months. Electrophysiologic study (EPS) was initially performed in 123 patients and was negative in 85%. Patients had no heart disease (57.5%), congenital heart defects (21%), channelopathies (14.5%), cardiomyopathies/heart tumors (8%). The commonest symptoms were syncope/presyncope (45.5%) and palpitations (12.5%). A definite diagnosis was made in 63% of patients (positive diagnosis in 25%, negative in 38%) after 8 (2–19) months of monitoring. EPS results and the presence/absence of an arrhythmia before ICM implantation had no impact on the diagnostic yield. Symptomatic patients as well as patients without structural heart disease showed higher diagnostic yield. Patients with a positive diagnosis underwent pacemaker/implantable cardioverter-defibrillator implantation (13%), pharmacological treatment (10.5%), or catheter ablation (1.5%). Conclusions: In a large cohort of 200 children and young adults, ICMs with remote monitoring showed a high diagnostic yield (63%), especially in symptomatic patients and in patients without structural heart disease.
Comparison of media and academic attention of recently published positive and neutral or negative randomized cardiovascular clinical trials
Authors: Skelin Marko , Katić Josip , Šarčević David , Rahelić Dario , Lucijanić Marko , Rešić Arnes , Puljević Mislav , Javor Eugen
Published: January 2022

Background: Citations are used to assess the importance of authors, articles and journals in the scientific community, but do not examine how they affect general public journal readership. The Altmetric Attention Score (AAS) is a new metric for measuring media attention of the published paper. Methods: We examined cardiovascular (CV) randomized clinical trials (RCTs), published in the 3 highest Web of Science Impact Factor journals (Journal Citation Reports 2019: category “Medicine, General & Internal”) and in the 3 highest Web of Science Impact Factor CV journals (Journal Citation Reports 2019: category “Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems”), through the calendar year of 2017, 2018 and 2019. The primary outcomes were the assessment of the difference between number of citations and AAS among positive and negative CV RCTs. Results: Among the included 262 RCTs, more positive CV RCTs were published (p = 0.002). There was no significant statistical difference between the positive and negative trials, considering the number of citations (p = 0.61). Interestingly, positive trials had a tendency towards a higher AAS (p = 0.058). The correlation between the AAS and the number of citations was moderate positively correlated (ρ = 0.47, p < 0.001). Conclusion: We did not find any differences between CV RCTs with positive vs CV RCTs with negative results considering the number of their citations. A tendency towards a higher AAS among positive CV RCTs could indicate higher activity on social media regarding CV trials with positive results. A higher number of published positive CV RCTs among all published CV RCTs could indicate the presence of publication bias but further investigation of unpublished RCTs in trial registries (e.g., clinicaltrials.gov) is needed.
Coronary revascularization in patients with left ventricle systolic dysfunction, current challenges and clinical outcomes
Authors: Abdalwahab Ahmed , Al-atta Ayman , Egred Mohaned , Alkhalil Mohammad , Zaman Azfar
Published: January 2022

The effects of coronary revascularization in patients with left ventricle systolic dysfunction (LVSD) are not well studied. The decision about revascularization and its timing remain challenging, not only related to procedural risk, but also linked to other several limitations including assessment of ischemia, viability, and ability to predict LV recovery. The role of viability as a prognostic marker for patients with LVSD and its use as a therapeutic target remains debatable. In this article, we will review the role of LVSD in patients undergoing coronary revascularization alongside the role of ischemia and viability assessment. We will provide a review of the literature on the outcomes of coronary revascularization, both surgically and percutaneously, in patients with LVSD.
Periprocedural outcomes of protamine administration after catheter ablation of atrial fibrillation
Authors: Kewcharoen Jakrin , Shah Kuldeep , Bhardwaj Rahul , Contractor Tahmeed , Turagam Mohit K. , Mandapati Ravi , Lakkireddy Dhanunjaya , Garg Jalaj
Published: January 2022

Background: Perioperative anticoagulation management with uninterrupted or minimally interrupted anticoagulation during atrial fibrillation (AF) ablation is thought to be critical to minimize thromboembolic complications. Protamine is often administered to neutralize the effects of heparin and expedite vascular hemostasis post-procedure. Objective: We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis to determine the effectiveness of protamine to expedite vascular hemostasis and ambulation in patients undergoing AF ablation. Methods: Electronic searches on PubMed, The Cochrane Library, EMBASE, EBSCO, Web of Science, and CINAHL databases from the inception through August 7, 2021, were performed. The primary outcomes included—time to hemostasis (minutes) and time to ambulation (minutes). The secondary outcomes included - any vascular complications (excluding minor hematoma), minor hematoma, or cerebrovascular accidents (CVA). Results: A total of 5 eligible studies (3 retrospective cohort studies and two randomized trials) consisting of 1012 patients (515 patients received protamine group and 497 patients did not receive protamine group) were included in the meta-analysis. There was a significant reduction in time to ambulation [weighted mean difference (WMD) –176.6 minutes, 95% Confidence interval (CI) –266.9 to –86.3; p < 0.01] and time to hemostasis (WMD –13.72 minutes, 95% CI –22 to –5.4, p < 0.01) in the protamine group compared to the contrary. At a follow-up up to 3 months, there was no statistical difference between the two groups with regards to vascular complications (2.9% vs. 7.4%; Risk ratio (RR) 0.46 95% CI 0.17 to 1.24; p = 0.12), minor hematoma (2.1% vs. 5.8%; RR 0.43, 95% CI 0.16 to 1.2; p = 0.11) or CVA (0 vs. 0.3%; RR 0.62, 95% CI 0.08 to 4.98; p = 0.65). Conclusion: Protamine administration was associated with reduced time to ambulation (176 minutes reduction) and time to hemostasis (13 minutes reduction) without an increase in any adverse events.
Takotsubo cardiomyopathy
Authors: Matta Anthony , Delmas Clement , Campelo-Parada Francesco , Lhermusier Thibault , Bouisset Frederic , Elbaz Meyer , Nader Vanessa , Blanco Stephanie , Roncalli Jerôme , Carrié Didier
Published: January 2022

Takotsubo cardiomyopathy (TTC) is a clinical condition of transient acute heart failure correlated to regional wall motion abnormalities extending beyond the distribution of a single epicardial coronary artery. It is classified into four major types: apical, basal, mid-ventricular and focal. Sympathetic nerve stimulation and catecholamine storm are the main players in the pathogenesis of TTC. The clinical course of disease is generally benign but it may end with life-threatening complications. Coronary angiography, left ventriculogram, transthoracic echocardiography and cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (CMR) are the main tools for making diagnosis. Except for critical cases with hemodynamic instability and/or complications, the overall management is limited to conventional heart failure therapy.
Dietary patterns, caloric restrictions for management of cardiovascular disease and cancer; a brief review
Authors: Bochenek Heidi , Krga Irena , Sergi Domenico , Kouvari Matina , Zec Manja , Naumovski Nenad
Published: January 2022

Cardiovascular disease (CVD) and cancers are overall still identified as the two most prevalent non-communicable diseases globally. Their prevention and potential reversal (in particular CVD risk) was seen effective with the modification of dietary intake that was applied in several different populations. Although the findings from epidemiological studies provide support that adhering to dietary patterns such as the Mediterranean diet can reduce incidence and prevalence of CVD and some forms of cancer, the mechanistic aspects of disease modulation associated with both diseases can be seen in dietary management. Several studies have already explored the potential modes of action of certain nutrients in well controlled large clinical trials. However, the clinical trials designed to determine the effects of adhering to a particular diet are relatively hard to conduct and these studies are faced with several obstacles particularly in the populations that are identified with a high risk of CVD or different cancers. Therefore, it is important to understand potential underlying and shared mechanisms of action and to explore how healthy dietary patterns may modulate the occurrence, initiation, and progression of such diseases. The aim of this review is to summarise and conceptualize the current understanding relating to healthy dietary patterns, and briefly discuss the opportunities that epigenetic research may bring and how it may assist to further interpret epidemiological and clinical evidence.
Asuhan Keperawatan Psikososial Dengan Masalah Harga Diri Rendah Pada Penderita Hipertensi: Studi Kasus
Authors: Surbakti Dian Indah Sari
Published: January 2022

Tuberkulosis atau TBC merupakan penyakit infeksi menular yang disebabkan oleh kuman jenis bakteri yang bernama Mycobacterium tuberculosa. Penyakit ini dapat menyerang semua tingkat usia mulai dari anak, remaja, dewasa hingga lansia. TBC lebih sering menyerang paru-paru daripada organ lain di dalam tubuh manusia seperti tulang, kulit dan ginjal. Penyakit ini merupakan penyakit pembunuh ketiga setelah penyakit kardiovaskuler dan penyakit pernafasan, serta merupakan penyakit menular nomor satu yang menjadi penyebab kematian di Indonesia
LITERATUR REVIEW: EFEKTIFITAS PEMBERIAN MADU TERHADAP LUKA ULKUS DIABETIKUM PADA PASIEN DIABETES MELLITUS
Authors: noor zarkasi
Published: January 2022

Latar belakang: Diabetes mellitus merupakan salah satu penyakit yang prevalensinya terus meningkat setiap tahunnya. Ulkus diabetikum adalah salah satu komplikasi yang disebabkan oleh diabetes mellitus. Banyak efek yang ditimbulkan oleh ulkus diabetik diantaranya meningkatnya risiko amputasi, menurunkan kualitas hidup pasien dan risiko harga diri rendah pun rentan terjadi. Banyak metode yang telah digunakan untuk menyelesaikan masalah ulkus diabetik, diantaranya menggunakan madu. Beberapa penelitian telah dilakukan untuk melihat manfaat madu terhadap kesehatan. Madu memiliki sifat seperti anti-bakterial, anti-viral, anti-fungal, anti-oksidan, dan anti-inflamasi dan madu juga sangat dipercaya oleh masyarakat untuk berbagai jenis pengobatan termasuk luka, madu juga mudah didapat selain itu efektif dalam proses penyembuhan luka. Tujuan: mengetahui pengaruh pemberian madu untuk meningkatkan penyembuhan luka ulkus diabetikum pada diabetes mellitus. Metode: jenis penelitian ini menggunakan metode literatur review dengan cara menguraikan teori, temuan, dan bahan penelitian dari beberapa penelitian yang dijadikan sebagai landasan dalam melakukan studi letaratur review. Penelusuran artikel dilakukan dengan google scholar atau google cendekia yang dipublikasikan sejak tahun 2016 sampai dengan 2021 yang diakses fulltext dalam format pdf. Hasil: berdasarkan kelima artikel penelitian yang telah disajikan oleh penulis, menunjukan bahwa pemberian madu berpengaruh terhadap proses penyembuhan luka ulkus diabetikum dengan mempercepat tumbuhnya jaringan granulasi dalam waktu dua minggu pada pasien ulkus diabetikum dengan teknik diberikan 2-3 tetes madu di atas luka. Kesimpulan: pemberian madu berpengaruh terhadap proses penyembuhan ulkus diabetikum pada pasien diabetes mellitus.
Bayesian differential moment tensor inversion: theory and application to the North Korea nuclear tests
Authors: Jia Zhe , Zhan Zhongwen , Helmberger Don
Published: January 2022

Moment tensors are key to seismic discrimination but often require accurate Green’s functions for estimation. This limits the regions, frequency bands, and wave types in moment tensor inversions. In this study, we propose a differential moment tensor inversion (diffMT) method that uses relative measurements to remove the path effects shared by clustered events, thereby improving the accuracy of source parameters. Using results from regular inversions as a priori distribution, we apply Bayesian Markov Chain Monte Carlo to invert the body- and surface-wave amplitude ratios of an event pair for refined moment tensors of both events. Applications to three North Korea nuclear tests from 2013 to 2016 demonstrate that diffMT reduces the uncertainties substantially compared with the traditional waveform-based moment tensor inversion. Our results suggest high percentages of explosive components with similar double-couple components for the North Korea nuclear tests.
From ‘gut feelings’ to first impressions: Phase dependent cardio-visual signals bias the perceived trustworthiness of faces
Authors: Azevedo Ruben , Von Mohr Mariana , Tsakiris Manos
Published: January 2022

When we see new people we rapidly form first impressions. While past research has mostly focused on the role of morphological or emotional cues, we here ask whether the visceral states of the perceiver bias first impressions. Across 3 studies we investigated how “gut feelings”, driven by the interoceptive impact of cardiac signals, may influence the perceived trustworthiness of faces. Faces presented in synchrony with the participants’ cardiac systole were chosen less often as more trustworthy than those presented out-of-synchrony. Faces presented in synchrony cardiac systole were also explicitly judged as less trustworthy. Finally, the presentation of faces in synchrony with the participants’ cardiac diastole did not modulate perceived trustworthiness, suggesting that the systolic phase is necessary for such ‘gut feelings’. These findings highlight the role of phasic interoceptive information in the processing of social information and provide a mechanistic account of the role of visceroception for social perception.
Increased affective reactivity to daily social stressors is associated with more severe psychotic symptoms in youth with 22q11.2 deletion syndrome
Authors: Ilen Laura , Feller Clémence Mathilde , Eliez Stephan , Schneider Maude
Published: January 2022

Objective. Increased reactivity to minor stressors is considered as a risk factor for psychosis, especially in vulnerable individuals. In the present study, we investigated affective and psychotic stress reactivity as well as its link with psychotic symptoms and psychopathology in youth with 22q11.2 deletion syndrome (22q11DS), a neurogenetic condition associated with a high risk for psychosis. Methods. A 6-day Ecological Momentary Assessment (EMA) protocol was used to assess perceived daily-life stress as well as affective and psychotic reactivity to stress in participants with 22q11DS (n = 38, age = 18.4) and healthy controls (HC; n = 53, age = 19.1). Psychotic symptoms, general psychopathology, and coping strategies were also assessed through clinical interviews and questionnaires.Results. Participants with 22q11DS reported higher levels of perceived social stress (b = 0.21, p = 0.036) but lower levels of activity-related stress (b = -0.31, p = 0.003) in their daily lives compared to HC. The groups did not differ in affective or psychotic reactivity to stress, but individuals with 22q11DS who reported increased affective reactivity to social stressors showed more severe positive psychotic symptoms (rs = 0.505, p = 0.008). Finally, avoidance coping strategies moderated the association between stress and negative affects.Conclusions. Our results suggest an increased vulnerability for daily social stress in youth with 22q11DS, and link elevated social stress reactivity to heightened psychotic symptom severity. Given the high risk for psychosis in 22q11DS, interventions should focus on reducing social stress and developing adaptive coping strategies.
Color: The Spirit of Painting
Authors: Shah Krishna Prakash
Published: January 2022

Color exists in the presence of light. Light not only brings forth the existence of color but also helps to perceive its reality. Color is a powerful medium to express our feelings, and that also evokes emotional responses which attract and keep the attention of a beholder. Color combination in painting is concerned with aesthetic aspects. The color beauty sustains the undivided attention to the beholder. Color amplifies the degree of emotion that touches and influences the human body, mind and soul directly which leads towards contemplation. The contemplation opens up the way to the journey of eternity. All this is possible through the combination of harmonious and contrastive colors that awakens a corresponding sensation, which directly works upon the soul. Therefore, color is the spirit of painting that makes the work of painting lively by putting breath into it. This article, thus, attempts to trace how color becomes the spirit of painting. Color as the spirit of painting will be the center of research focusing on the influence of color upon human beings. The main objective of this article is to study the role of color in painting. The study explains the impact and aesthetic value of color in painting. It is relevant to explore the strength of color application in painting. The qualitative model of research is adopted to analyze and interpret the artworks.
Nursing students’ perception toward their learning environment
Authors: Samson Priscilla , Pun Khagi Maya , Poudel Ambika , Panthee Bimala
Published: January 2022

Introduction: The quality of the learning environment is indicative of the effectiveness of an educational program on student learning, motivation, and learning outcomes. Students' perception of their learning environment may act as a basis for making necessary modifications for ensuring quality assurance. This study aimed to assess the perception of nursing students towards their learning environment.
Method: An analytical cross-sectional study was conducted in May 2020 among nursing students from Patan Academy of Health Sciences, Lalitpur, Nepal.  Dundee Ready Education Environment Measure (DREEM) inventory was used for an online survey via Google form. Descriptive analysis was used to calculate students' learning perception; a one-way ANOVA was used to analyze the difference across four programs. The difference between first and final-year students' perceptions was tested using a t-test.
Result: Out of 289 participants, 200(69.2%) perceived their learning environment as more positive than negative. The mean score was 142.64 on the DREEM global score of 200. There was a significant difference in the perceptions in all the subscales across four nursing programs (p<0.05) except in the learning subscale (p=0.24). There was a significant difference in perception between first and final-year students across five subscales (p<0.05) except for social self-perception (p=0.85).
Conclusion: The study revealed that more than half of the nursing students perceived their learning environment as more positive than negative. There was a statistically significant difference in perception across all the nursing programs and between first and final-year students.
Imaging of vein of Galen malformation in late trimester
Authors: Regmi Pradeep Raj , Amatya Isha
Published: January 2022

Vein of Galen malformation is a rare congenital vascular malformation due to the maldevelopment of the embryonic precursor median vein of Markowski. It results in significant morbidity and mortality in a fetus and neonate. Fetal ultrasound plays an important role in prenatal screening of fetuses to rule out development anomalies. Fetal Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) plays a dual role both in diagnosis and periodical follow-up with identification of prognostically important complications of vein of Galen malformation. The combination of fetal ultrasound and fetal MRI provides a definite diagnosis during pregnancy thereby providing an opportunity to plan the delivery of the fetus and subsequent postnatal treatment. We are presenting a case of a 34 y female presented at 35 w period of gestation to the ultrasound unit of our hospital.
Supplement to "COVID-19 is associated with a high prevalence of liver damage: a systematic review and meta-analysis"
Authors: Yadav Dipesh , Tingbo Liang
Published: January 2022

Supplementary files
Autoethnography of Bouncing Forward: Adaptation or Resilience?
Authors: Syeda Madiha Mohsin
Published: January 2022

I write my own story of bouncing forward as a graduate teaching assistant highlighting the fact that adaptation is not resilience. As a Brown, Muslim, female teaching assistant, Iam permanently discriminated against while teaching Undergraduate students. I have received poor semester feedback and discouraging comments through all the semesters I taught. I was feeling fine with all that until after a sordid incident shook my soul. I feel I should share what it feels like to pretend you are resilient as a doctoral student whereas you are permanently struggling to adapt yourself to be competent enough to teach your American students. My autoethnographic reflections reflect the modern survival of minoritized graduate students in the United States.
Authors: Prasetyani Henny , Kurniawati Kurniawati
Published: January 2022

The purpose of this study was to see the effectiveness of the use of e-learning in collaboration with video conferencing applications in algorithms and data structures courses during the COVID-19 pandemic because lectures were conducted online. E-learning-based learning that has been provided by the university which is located at www.siswa.ivet.ac.id and a video conference application, namely Zoom Meeting. The methodology used in this study is a quantitative research using e-learning media (www.kuliah.ivet.ac.id) in collaboration with Zoom and teaching materials for algorithms and data structure courses. The results obtained are: (1) the effectiveness of learning using e-learning media (kuliah.ivet.ac.id) in collaboration with Zoom on algorithms and data structure courses shows that there are differences between groups of regular class students and employee class students; (2) the effectiveness of learning with e-learning in collaboration with Zoom is higher for those who have longer internet access; (3) there is an effect on the effectiveness of the use of e-learning in collaboration with Zoom in learning with learning outcomes so that its application is suitable to be carried out during the covid 19 pandemic.
Research Attitude of Prospective Teachers: An Analysis of Universities of Rawalpindi and Islamabad
Authors: Shah Nazir Haider , Kausar Robina , Younas Sidra
Published: January 2022

The attitude of prospective teachers regarding educational research is one of the challenges that is linked with education.It's not commonly known that why teachers do not use research to solve instructional problems, but probably it is in connection with the attitude of teachers regarding educational research. A group of prospective teachers was administered by the updated scale. In the final scale, exploratory factor analysis had a significant relationship. The main factors that have an effect on the attitudes of teachers regarding educational research were; teachers' individual interest in conducting research, educational research's value, and benefits of research skills for teachers. The study concluded that teachers' attitude was connected to and in the influence with frequency and intensity of their experience to education research. Those teachers have a more positive attitude towards educational research and have just done a professional development course that has a focus on education research.
Evaluating diversity in neurosurgery through the use of a multidimensional statistical model: a pilot study
Authors: Borden Jonathan H. , Mahajan Uma V. , Eyasu Lud , Holden William , Shaw Brian , Callas Peter , Benzil Deborah L.
Published: January 2022

OBJECTIVE

There is a growing body of evidence demonstrating the benefits of diversity across many domains. However, neurosurgery consistently lags most of medicine in many aspects of diversity. Any inability to make progress in this arena is likely due to the multifactorial and complex nature of the issue, which makes it difficult to meaningfully measure and track diversity within the workforce. The goal of this pilot study was to assess the utilization of a multidimensional statistical model to quantify and assess diversity within neurosurgery. The authors sought to 1) assess the diversity of neurosurgery residents using Simpson’s Diversity Index and Sullivan’s Composite Diversity Index (CDI) and 2) determine if a medical school’s intrinsic academic opportunities and resources, indicated by US News & World Report’s (USNWR’s) best research medical schools ranking, are related to the number of neurosurgery residents produced per medical school.

METHODS

A cross-sectional study of all neurosurgery residents (projected graduation years 2020–2026) and 1st-year medical students (matriculating years 2016–2019) was undertaken. Biographical diversity data (gender and matriculation data) were collected from institutional websites between December 2019 and June 2020. The CDI expresses the diversity of a given population by representing the effective proportion of categories present across all diversity attributes and was calculated for neurosurgery residents and medical students. Statistical results are reported as the median and interquartile range.

RESULTS

Neurosurgery residency program CDI (0.21, IQR 0.16–0.25) was significantly less (p < 0.001) than medical school CDI (0.42, 0.37–0.48). There was no significant difference in CDI between top-40 and non–top 40 Doximity ranked research output neurosurgery residency programs (p = 0.35) or between top-40 and non–top 40 USNWR ranked research medical schools (p = 0.11). Over a 7-year period, top-40 ranked research medical schools produced significantly more (p < 0.001) neurosurgery residents (11.9, IQR 7.1–18.9) than the non–top 40 ranked research medical schools (5.6, IQR 2.6–8.5).

CONCLUSIONS

The authors demonstrated the feasibility of using a multidimensional statistical model as a measure to understand the complex issues of diversity. Their preliminary data suggested that neurosurgery’s challenge in achieving the desired diversity relates to uneven attraction and/or recruitment across an increasingly diverse medical student body. In recent years, neurosurgery has made great progress in the arena of diversity and has shown a strong desire to do more. Utilization of these diversity measures will help the neurosurgery field to monitor progress along this valuable journey.
Stability of unruptured intracranial aneurysms in the anterior circulation: nomogram models for risk assessment
Authors: Liu Qingyuan , Leng Xinyi , Yang Junhua , Yang Yi , Jiang Pengjun , Li Maogui , Mo Shaohua , Yang Shuzhe , Wu Jun , He Hongwei , Wang Shuo
Published: January 2022

OBJECTIVE

The probable stability of the lesion is critical in guiding treatment decisions in unruptured intracranial aneurysms (IAs). The authors aimed to develop multidimensional predictive models for the stability of unruptured IAs.

METHODS

Patients with unruptured IAs in the anterior circulation were prospectively enrolled and regularly followed up. Clinical data were collected, IA morphological features were assessed, and adjacent hemodynamic features were quantified with patient-specific computational fluid dynamics modeling. Based on multivariate logistic regression analyses, nomograms incorporating these factors were developed in a primary cohort (patients enrolled between January 2017 and February 2018) to predict aneurysm rupture or growth within 2 years. The predictive accuracies of the nomograms were compared with the population, hypertension, age, size, earlier rupture, and site (PHASES) and earlier subarachnoid hemorrhage, location, age, population, size, and shape (ELAPSS) scores and validated in the validation cohort (patients enrolled between March and October 2018).

RESULTS

Among 231 patients with 272 unruptured IAs in the primary cohort, hypertension, aneurysm location, irregular shape, size ratio, normalized wall shear stress average, and relative resident time were independently related to the 2-year stability of unruptured IAs. The nomogram including clinical, morphological, and hemodynamic features (C+M+H nomogram) had the highest predictive accuracy (c-statistic 0.94), followed by the nomogram including clinical and morphological features (C+M nomogram; c-statistic 0.89), PHASES score (c-statistic 0.68), and ELAPSS score (c-statistic 0.58). Similarly, the C+M+H nomogram had the highest predictive accuracy (c-statistic 0.94) in the validation cohort (85 patients with 97 unruptured IAs).

CONCLUSIONS

Hemodynamics have predictive values for 2-year stability of unruptured IAs treated conservatively. Multidimensional nomograms have significantly higher predictive accuracies than conventional risk prediction scores.