bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Posthypoxic Changes in Rat Offspring under the Intestinal Wall Transformation
Authors: Karpova Irina Yuryevna , Bugrova Marina Leonidovna , Vasyagina Tayiana  Ivanovna , Karpeeva Daria Vasilyevna
Published: July 2022

The aim of research is to study posthypoxic transformation of the colon wall using light and electron microscopy in an experimental model of rat offspring.
Materials and methods. Chronic hypobaric hypoxia at different stages of pregnancy was simulated experimentally in 24 female white mongrel rats using a vacuum flow chamber with a rise to a height of 5000 m at a speed of 25 m/sec for 40 minutes. After delivery, the offspring were examined, subjected to hexenal anesthesia, and then removed from the experiment using decapitation. For light microscopy, resected sections of the small intestine and colon were stained with hematoxylin-eosin, and studied on Topic (Belgium, 2000) and Bio Blue (the Netherlands, 2013). Electron microscopic analysis was performed in a Morgagni 268D transmission electron microscope (FEI, USA).
Results. Chronic hypoxia, simulated in the first trimester of pregnancy, led to significant changes in the intestinal mucosa in combination with the growth of the connective tissue component in the muscle layer. The risk of developing dynamic intestinal obstruction occurred in the offspring of all groups, this was supported by an increase in the fibrous tissue of the intestinal wall. Pronounced changes in the microcirculatory bed were detected in animals of groups II and III, as they were predisposed to develop pre-ulcer and ulcerative defects in the wall of the small intestine. At the submicroscopic level, it was detected that both adaptive and destructive processes occurred in the wall ultrastructure of the descending colon of the rat offspring after hypoxic exposure in the prenatal period in animals of all experimental groups. In the microcirculatory bed, there was an increased venous congestion, with the most pronounced changes observed in the third trimester.
Conclusion. Thus, the study of hypoxia in the experiment allows investigating more about all the mechanisms of the pathological process and to translate theoretical knowledge into practical medicine.
Features of Diagnostics and Treatment of Acute Appendicitis in Patients
of Infectious Hospital
Authors: Zemlyanoy Vyacheslav Petrovich , Melnikov Vyacheslav Alexandrovich , Nakhumov Mikhail Mihailovich , Letina Yuliya Vladimirovna
Published: July 2022

Introduction. Acute appendicitis occupies one of the leading positions in terms of incidence among urgent surgical diseases of the abdominal organs in Russia and in the world. Despite the accumulated experience in the diagnosis and treatment of the disease, a number of challenges still remain, leading to delayed diagnosis and, as a consequence, the development of destructive and complicated forms and deterioration of treatment outcomes. One of these "stumbling blocks" is the differential diagnosis of acute appendicitis and infectious diseases. In addition, acute appendicitis frequently develops together with existing acute and chronic infectious diseases, and appears to be also their complication. In our opinion, the absence of a specific algorithm of actions when dealing with this category of patients may be one of the reasons for unsatisfactory results. In this regard, there is a need to develop such an algorithm.Aim. Improvement of the therapeutic and diagnostic algorithm in relation to patients with OA admitted to infectious diseases hospitals, as well as evaluation of the results of its application.Materials and methods. The article presents diagnostics and treatment results of patients with acute appendicitis hospitalized in an infectious disease hospital, and compares their outcomes before and after implementation of the developed diagnostic and treatment algorithm. The study included 102 patients. The retrospective group included 55 patients with acute appendicitis, which developed together with acute or chronic infectious diseases, treated before implementation of the algorithm. The prospective group consisted of 47 patients treated using the developed algorithm.Results. . Gangrenous forms developed in 25 (45,5%) patients of the retrospective group, and in 8 (17%) patients of the prospective group. Peritonitis complicated the course of acute appendicitis in 53 (96,4%) patients of the retrospective group, while in patients of the prospective group this complication was noted in 25 (53,5%) cases. Purulent forms of peritonitis were noted in 20 (36,4%) patients of the retrospective group, and only in 3 (6,4%) patients of the prospective group. There was also a significant difference in the incidence of appendicular infiltration / abscess. This complication was registered in 11 (20%) patients of the retrospective group, in the prospective group it was noted in 2 (4,3%) patients. Postoperative complications were recorded in 8 (14.5 %) patients of the retrospective group. There were no postoperative complications in patients of the prospective group.Conclusion. The data obtained allow assuming that use of the proposed treatment and diagnostic algorithm in patients with acute appendicitis admitted to an infectious diseases hospital can positively affect timeliness of diagnosis and treatment and, as a consequence, improve treatment outcomes for this category of patients.
Laparoscopic Surgery for Hernias of the Anterior Abdominal Wall
Authors: Teuvov Aslan Alekseevich , Baziev Arthur M. , Tlakadugova Madina Hagismelovna , Pshukova Elena Mukhadinovna , Sardiyanov Azamat Ibrahimovich
Published: July 2022

Introduction. Surgical interventions for hernias of the anterior abdominal wall are among the most common in pediatric surgical clinics. In newborns, especially premature infants, the frequency of hernias of the anterior abdominal wall is inversely proportional to gestational age and significantly exceeds the rates in older children.

The aim of the study is to compare outcomes of laparoscopic treatment using the Percutaneous Internal Ring Suturing (PIRS) method and conventional methods in newborns with hernias of the anterior abdominal wall.

Materials and methods. Laparoscopic interventions in children older than 2-3 years are gradually becoming the standard of treatment, while in newborns, conventional open methods are more often used to treat hernias of the anterior abdominal wall, which is associated with complexity of the surgical technique, presence of concomitant pathology and a high anesthetic risk. Timing (early or delayed) of hernia surgical correction of the anterior abdominal wall in these patients remains the issue under discussion.

Results. According to the study results, the duration of PIRS surgery was shorter than that of an open surgery. The long duration of laparoscopic surgery, which some surgeons note, is explained by the laparoscopic correction technique the imposition of an intracorporeal suture requires more time and experience of a surgeon. Furthermore, an inverse relationship was found between the weight of a child and the time of laparoscopic intervention.

Conclusion. Laparoscopic treatment of hernias of the anterior abdominal wall with PIRS method in newborns is not easier for the surgeon, but also safer for the patient.
Neural Network System for Diagnosing Liver Failure in Surgery
Authors: Solomakha Anatoly Anatolievich , Gorbachenko Vladimir Ivanovich
Published: July 2022

Clinical decision support systems are rapidly developing along with digital technologies nowadays. Neural network methods have become more common in solving practical problems in healthcare. Today, clinical decision support systems are significant medical tools. The authors have developed a neural network system to diagnose liver failure. The "Neurodiagnost" system was tested in 270 patients with liver failure due to viral hepatitis B or C. As a result, clinical testing of the "Neurodiagnost" system demonstrated coincidence of neural network and laboratory diagnostics with a probability equal 91.5 % (247 patients). The use of the "Neurodiagnost" program can help reduce the risk of developing liver failure in surgery.
Esophageal Stenting - a Modern Resource of Surgery for Various Perforations
Authors: Korymasov Evgenii Anatolievich , Benian Armen , Medvedchikov-Ardiia Mikhail , Zhdanov Alexey Viktorovich
Published: July 2022

Currently, stenting is an innovative part of the surgical treatment strategy of patients with various types of the esophagus damage and perforation. This article highlights historical aspects of the use of esophageal stents, main indications for their placement in various esophageal defects. The technology of esophageal stenting is described in detail. The analysis of literature data on the effectiveness of stent placement and complications was carried out. It is concluded that there is a need for wider introduction of the stenting technique into clinical practice as an alternative or additional method to the existing conventional surgical treatment of the esophagus damage and perforation, in case a medical facility is technically able to perform it.
Acute Issues of Lactation Mastitis Therapy
Authors: Yakovenko Olga Igorevna , Akimov Vladimir Pavlovich , Tkachenko Alexandr Nikolaevich , Yakovenko Taras Vasilievich
Published: July 2022

Introduction. Lactation mastitis can complicate the course of the postpartum period in every tenth case. Under lactation abscess, the tactic of performing wide incisions to drain the breast abscess and complete lactation by medications is common. International studies report that the treatment of lactational purulent mastitis complicated by an abscess is possible in a minimally invasive way - by puncture or drainage of an abscess under ultrasound navigation. The current trend in the treatment of lactational breast abscess also includes preservation of breastfeeding.The aim of the study was to develop a modern approach to the complex treatment of purulent lactation mastitis.Materials and methods. We treated 64 breast abscesses that were complications of lactation mastitis with minimally invasive methods in 2018-2020. Most of the patients preserved lactation.Results and discussion. The average age of patients was 24.9 years. In the first group of patients (puncture techniques for treating abscesses), the diameter was 24 mm on average, in the second group (drainage technique for treating abscesses) the diameter was 53 mm on average. All procedures were performed under local anesthesia. The average score of the severity of pain syndrome was 4.4 points on the day of surgery. The average duration of drainage was 4.4 days. None of patients had a relapse of the disease or formation of a chronic fistula within 2 months followed by the operation. No negative evaluation of satisfaction with the cosmetic result was received. Breastfeeding continued in 78-87.5% of patients after surgery.Conclusion. Minimally invasive surgical techniques in the treatment of breast abscesses (punctures and drainage under ultrasound navigation) are the operations of choice. The optimal treatment of lactation mastitis complicated by a breast abscess, in addition to surgical treatment, includes effective expression of breast milk, administration of antibacterial drugs, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, and preservation of breastfeeding.
Interleukin-2 in the Complex Treatment of Surgical Patients
Authors: Andreev Alexander Alekseevich , Donchenko Vitalii , Gluhov Alexander Anatolievich , Novomlinsky Vladislav  Valeryevich , Ostroushko Anton Petrovich , Laptiyova Anastasia  Yurievna
Published: July 2022

Immunotherapy for surgical diseases remains one of the urgent scientific and clinical issues. Immunodeficiency is manifested in patients with purulent wounds, pancreatic necrosis, osteomyelitis, oncological diseases, echinococcosis, gastroduodenal ulcers and other pathology. Drugs inducing interleukin-2 synthesis have shown high efficacy for the correction of immunodeficiency status. Clinical effects of rIL-2 are due to its ability to activate clonal proliferation of T- and B-lymphocytes, to enhance the effector potential of cytotoxic T-lymphocytes (CTL cells) and natural killer cells (NK cells), functional activity of mononuclear phagocytes and antigen-presenting cells, synthesis of specific immunoglobulins of most isotypes by plasma cells and to reduce apoptosis of mononuclears. This cytokine is a key link determining the development of cellular and humoral immunity. Interleukin-2 provides antitumor, antiviral, antibacterial and antifungal protection, being able to stimulate the processes of tissue regeneration and repair. The high clinical activity of the drug was revealed in the treatment of endotoxicosis, immunological insufficiency, inflammatory diseases in patients with surgical, oncological, traumatological, combustiological, resuscitation profiles, involving abdominal organs, pelvis and retroperitoneal space. It is rational to use recombinant interleukin-2 in case of previous inefficient conventional treatment and the process chronization. The drug has a number of positive aspects: rapid effect; reduced terms of treatment, frequency of infectious complications and sepsis; reduced mortality rate. The negative side of its administration is its high cost. Thus, immunosuppressive conditions are manifested in multiple surgical diseases. High clinical efficacy of recombinant interleukin 2, absence of complications, adverse reactions and undesirable effects, and favourable tolerability of the drug allow recommending it for wider use in surgical practice.
Clinical Laboratory Justification of Early Diagnosis and Prognosis on Surgical Sepsis Using Simple Laboratory Criteria in the Elderly
Authors: Yakovenko Taras Vasilievich , Movchan Konstantin Nikolaevich , Tkachenko Alexandr Nikolaevich , Yakovenko Olga Igorevna
Published: July 2022

Introduction. Clinical and laboratory criteria of the Sepsis-2 Consensus disregard organ dysfunction manifestations and compensatory anti-inflammatory response in septic complications. The aim of the study was to develop a laboratory parameter detecting sepsis at different periods of its course based on a detailed complete blood test considering the degree of pro-inflammatory response to infection, an anti-inflammatory component, presence of a particular sign of the multiple organ failure. Materials and methods. A statistical study included 152 patients with clinical and laboratory manifestations of surgical sepsis who underwent inpatient treatment at the surgical clinical base of the North-Western State Medical University. In the group of patients who had signs of endogenous intoxication, but the diagnosis of sepsis was not confirmed, frequency of verification of septicopyemia at autopsy was identified in every 4th case. Variants of sepsis scoring were determined in accordance with the parameters of the complete blood test.Results. The correlation between the procalcitonin level and the scoring system was noted at 0,5019309, the correlation between the blood lactate level and the scoring system did not exceed 0,542726115. Findings. With a score higher than 7, the diagnosis of severe sepsis is very likely. With a score lower than 4, the presence of severe sepsis, including the development of septicopyemia, is unlikely. Under the condition when a score is equal 5-6 and combined with long periods of the disease, the search for distant foci of septicopyemia and assessment of the prognosis for the secondary sepsis development are priority. Conclusion. The scoring assessment of a simple laboratory investigation (detailed complete blood test), in our opinion, indirectly reflects the presence and period of septic complications. The use of a score system in practical healthcare can improve screening of patients with surgical infection complicated by the development of sepsis at all stages of medical care.
Features of Drainage of the Implant Placement Area in Patients with Incisional Ventral Hernias
Authors: Korymasov Evgenii Anatol'evich , Krivoschekov Evgenii Petrovich , Khoroshilov Maksim Yurievich , Ivanov Sergey Anatol'evich , Kolesnikov Vladimir Vladimirovich , Rakhimov Bahtiar Madatovich
Published: July 2022

Introduction. There are different and sometimes conflicting points of view regarding the drainage of the implant placement area in patients with postoperative ventral hernias. This is due to the variability of drainage methods and the commitment of surgeons to one or another technique. In addition, the results of surgical treatment and features of the postoperative period differ in these patients. Current contradictions in the drainage techniques and management of patients with seromas after hernioplasty for PVH determine the relevance of this issue and the need to obtain additional data on benefits and drawbacks of one method or another.The aim of the study was to analyse clinical outcomes of patients with postoperative ventral hernias depending on the drainage technique of the implant placement area.Methods. The study included 392 patients diagnosed with postoperative ventral hernia, who were treated in GBUZ "Samara Regional Clinical Hospital named after V.D. Seredavin" in 2017-2020. Patients clinical outcomes were compared and analysed. Group I included 110 patients with passive drain of the surgical wound, group II included 282 patients with active drain. The groups were assessed based on major parameters of the drainage impact on the surgical treatment outcomes. Non-parametric values were compared by calculating the chi-square (2), parametric - by calculating the Student's t-score. Results. In group I, the average duration of hospitalization was 22,564,45 bed-days. The average terms of drainage were 2,020,69 days. Clinically significant seroma was diagnosed in 35 (32%) patients. The average number of US-guided puncture-drainage interventions was 1,870,89 procedures. Suppuration of the surgical wound was diagnosed in 16 (14,5%) patients. The postoperative mortality rate in the group was 3,6%, 4 patients died. In group II, the average duration of hospitalization was 13,572,92 bed-days. The average terms of drainage were 6,332,12 days. Clinically significant seroma was diagnosed in 42 (14,9%) patients. The average number of US-guided puncture-drainage interventions was 0,650,39 procedures. Suppuration of the surgical wound was diagnosed in 21 (7,4%) patients. The postoperative mortality rate was 2,1%, 6 patients died.Conclusion. Active drain of the implant placement area in patients with postoperative ventral hernias statistically significantly reduces the duration of patients stay in hospital (Student t-score = 11,51 p0,01), frequency of clinically diagnosed seromas (2 = 14,36, p0,01), frequency of suppuration of postoperative wounds (2 = 4,665, p0,05). When choosing the drainage option for the implant placement area, preference of choice should be given to active penetrating open drain or active penetrating closed drain.
Influence of the Distraction Cavity Size on the Choice of the Compression Technique in Thoracoplasty in Patients with Advanced Fibrous-Cavernous Tuberculosis
Authors: Belov Sergei Anatolievich
Published: July 2022

Introduction. Extrapleural upper-posterior thoracoplasty is the most common non-resectable surgery in the treatment of patients with advanced fibrous-cavernous pulmonary tuberculosis. However, there is still no unified approach in choosing the thoracoplasty and compression options of the destruction cavity.The aim of the study was to assess clinical outcomes of various compression methods in extrapleural upper-posterior thoracoplasty considering the destruction cavity size.Materials and methods. The study included 233 cases of upper posterior thoracoplasty performed in 2012-2019. All cases were fibrous-cavernous pulmonary tuberculosis when the process extended beyond one lobe and was widespread. Group 1 (n=70) involved patients with hybrid thoracoplasty with polypropylene mesh; group 2 (n=60) involved patients with modified osteoplastic thoracoplasty; group 3 (n=103) involved patients with conventional selective extrapleural upper-posterior thoracoplasty. When analysed, attention was paid to elimination of the decay cavity and bacterial excretion.Results. The publications analysed demonstrate that the main criteria for choosing a plastic surgery option are traditions of the clinic and personal preferences of a surgeon. The study evidenced the best performance of hybrid compression over conventional and modified thoracoplasty (p0,05). Obviously, the choice of thoracoplasty option and the number of resected ribs should be based on the data including the total size of the destruction cavity and the compression technique.Conclusion. The proposed distribution of upper-posterior thoracoplasty depending on the compression technique allows individually selecting the most effective treatment options for patients with widespread fibrous-cavernous tuberculosis with destruction cavities up to 6 cm localized in the upper lung.
The Role of the Commensal Skin Microbiota in the Processes of Reparative Regeneration of Soft Tissue Wounds
Authors: Tulupov Alexander Andreevich , Beschastnov Vladimir Viktorovich , Pogodin Igor Evgenievich , Shirokova Irina Yuryevna , Dudareva Elena Vladimirovna , Andryukhin Kirill Valerievich , Badikov Emil Firdavisovich
Published: July 2022

The issues of soft tissue wound management and combating complications of the wound process caused by colonization of the wound bed by pathogenic microflora are constantly in the field of view of surgical specialists. The steady growth of injuries accompanied by soft tissue damage and spread of antibiotic-resistant microflora prompt clinicians to preserve the body's natural defenses in order to improve tissue repair processes, thereby reducing hospital stay and achieving rational use of the economic resources of a health care facility. The article presents generalized data of scientific research arguing the significant contribution of representatives of the commensal skin microbiota to the processes of reparative regeneration of soft tissue wounds.
The Quality of Life as a Criterion for the Effective Surgical Treatment of
the Gastric Cardia Disease
Authors: Ruchkin Dmitry Valerievich , Efimenko Nikolay Alexeyevich , Tishakova Viktoria Eduardovna
Published: July 2022

The aim of the study was to assess the quality of life (QoL) in patients exposed to proximal resection of the stomach in various modifications. Materials and methods. The study included 97 patients who underwent surgical treatment of the gastric cardia disease; of them, 87.6% having malignant neoplasms. The patients were exposed to proximal gastric resection using isoperistaltic jejunogastroplasty (Merendino-Dillard-modified) (50 patients, main group I) and conventional proximal gastric resection using direct esophagogastroanastomosis (47 patients, control group II). The Russian language versions of the Medical Outcomes Study 36-item Short-Form Health Survey (MOS SF-36 scale) (psychometric parameters) and Gastrointestinal Symptom-Rating Scale (GSRS) (gastrointestinal parameters) were used to assess health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in the patients before surgery and 12 and 24 months after it.Results. The results obtained demonstrated deterioration in the quality of life of patients both in physical (on average, by 36,51,8 scores or 31,4%) and psychological (on average, by 34,31,8 scores or 34,3%) health parameters according to MOS SF-36 scale before surgical treatment. In the postoperative period, in 12 and especially in 24 months, there was an improvement in physical and psychological health parameters above 70 scores; the patients of group I recovered faster and averaged 84,84,1 scores (significantly closer to the population norm - 86,52,7 scores), and in patients of group II this parameter was 75,33,1. As assessed using the GSRS questionnaire, there were the least disturbances in the digestive system functioning after proximal gastric resection with the Merendino-Dillard-modified gastroplasty (in 12,0% of cases), compared to esophago-gastrostomy (in 30,0% of cases); the results are relevant (rxy=0,6970,009; p0,01). Proximal gastric resection with the Merendino-Dilard-modified digestive tract reconstruction creates more optimal conditions for the rapid rehabilitation of functional parameters, which positively affects the quality of life of patients. Conclusion. The results obtained reflect the impact of the gastric cardia disease and its symptoms on the health and vital activity of patients before surgery and demonstrate how significant and effective the surgical treatment is.
China y su modelo de inserción dual en América Latina en el marco de la fragmentación productiva internacional
Authors: Rodil Marzábal Óscar , Sánchez Carreira María del Carmen
Published: July 2022

El objetivo de este trabajo es analizar los cambios en las relaciones de China con siete países de América Latina desde las perspectivas comercial y productiva, a partir del estudio de los flujos comerciales en valor agregado. El estudio se completa con un análisis de los flujos intraindustriales y de intensidad tecnológica entre dichas economías. Se presentan nuevas evidencias del papel de América Latina en la estrategia global de China, que se corresponde con las características de un modelo de inserción periférica dual, con matices diferenciados por países.
¿Dónde surgen los independientes? Sesgo de participación en las elecciones mexicanas
Authors: Solís Delgadillo Diego , Borjas García Hugo Alejandro , Santibañez Emilio Palomino
Published: July 2022

Las candidaturas independientes son instrumentos que pueden ampliar los intereses representados, pero conllevan costos que pudieran sesgar esta figura en favor de ciudadanos capaces de asumirlos. Este trabajo analiza el surgimiento de aspirantes a candidaturas independientes en los 300 distritos electorales federales y en la Zona Metropolitana de Guadalajara en ocasión de las elecciones de 2018 en México. El argumento es que los distritos con mayor ingreso con patrones de competencia inestables y actitudes progresistas tienen mayor probabilidad de presentar este tipo de candidaturas. Los hallazgos apuntan a que los independientes son más probables en distritos con mayor nivel educativo y volatilidad.
Confianza electoral y la opinión acerca del candidato ganador
Authors: Gutiérrez Sánchez Héctor
Published: July 2022

México tiene un sistema electoral mayormente robusto, aun así, la población suele sospechar fraudes. Este artículo propone que la desconfianza electoral podría también relacionarse con una mala opinión acerca del candidato ganador. Con modelos de regresión múltiple se muestra que la opinión que se tiene de él se relaciona con la confianza en la elección, independientemente de si se votó por quien ganó o perdió. Además, la evaluación del presidente parece relacionarse con la confianza en el instituto electoral. Estos análisis apoyan la idea de que cuando la ciudadanía ve ganar a un mal candidato o que lo juzga como tal, podría creer que el sistema electoral está fallando.
Julio Schwartz: secuestro y desaparición en el paraíso. El Bolsón, Patagonia argentina, 1978
Authors: Mereb Marina Ayelén
Published: July 2022

La figura del desaparecido como símbolo del terrorismo de Estado en Argentina ha sido profusamente abordada desde el retorno de la democracia a la actualidad. No obstante, aún existen problemas que requieren ser profundizados, tales como las actitudes sociales y la relación con el silencio en tramas locales. A partir del caso de Julio Schwartz, secuestrado en 1978 en la localidad patagónica cordillerana de El Bolsón, y valiéndome de fuentes orales y documentales diversas, este artículo expone el entramado en el que la desaparición tuvo lugar, demostrando los alcances de la dinámica represiva nacional, aun en esos rincones pretendidamente aislados.
ON THE IMPOSSIBILITY OF A STABLE NEGATIVE CAPACITANCE REALIZATION IN MOSFET TRANSISTORS WITH INSULATORS BASED ON THIN LAYERS OF DIELECTRIC AND FERROELECTRIC
Authors: Strikha M. V. , Morozovska A. M.
Published: July 2022

We consider a silicon MOSFET, in which the gate insulator is formed from thin layersof a dielectric SiO2 and a weak ferroelectric HfO2. We study the possibility of implementing a stablenegative capacitance of the insulator in such a system, which would open the principal possibility toreduce the subthreshold swing to the values below the threshold, 60 mV/decade at room temperature,and supply voltage to the values below the fundamental Boltzmann limit, 0.5 V, which would bean important step towards further miniaturization of MOSFETs. It is shown theoretically that it ispossible to achieve a transient negative capacitance of a ferroelectric in the situation when the chargeat the capacitor plates increases more slowly than the ferroelectric polarization. Note that the negativecapacity is fundamentally transient. Its temporal stabilization in thin dielectric and ferroelectric layersrequires stable positive free energy and capacity of the whole system. Therefore, the effect of thenegative capacitance of a ferroelectric itself cannot be manifested “outside” the ferroelectric, includingthe transistor applications.
Decaimento de temperatura em tubulações de PPR PN 25 para condução de água quente
Authors: Uehara Takashi , Nascimento César Henrique Britto , Ferreira Armando Traini
Published: July 2022

No transporte de água quente ocorre um decaimento de temperatura entre o montante e a jusante de um trecho de tubulação, ocasionando perda de energia em forma de calor para o ambiente. Assim sendo, o tubo de Polipropileno Copolímero Random (PPR) é uma das soluções existentes para sistemas prediais de água quente, uma vez que, por possuir baixa condutividade térmica, o decaimento de temperatura do fluido transportado por este tubo também é baixo. No entanto, há poucas informações sobre a perda de temperatura nesse tubo disponíveis nos manuais de fabricantes. Dessa forma, o objetivo do presente trabalho é determinar o decaimento de temperatura no transporte de água quente nos tubos de PPR da classe de pressão PN 25 para diferentes valores de vazão e para todos os diâmetros normativos. Para tanto, foram realizados estudos com um modelo teórico e simulações computacionais, com o intuito de comparar os resultados dos dois métodos. Os cálculos com o modelo teórico foram feitos no software Microsoft Excel, enquanto as simulações foram feitas na versão estudantil do software Ansys Fluent, que utiliza o método dos volumes finitos. Os resultados de ambos os métodos mostraram que o decaimento de temperatura foi menor para os tubos de diâmetros pequenos e para vazões mais altas. Os dois métodos apresentaram diferenças menores que 0,1%, dessa forma, considerou-se que a simulação valida o modelo teórico. Portanto, este modelo pode ser utilizado no dimensionamento de sistemas de água quente, podendo ser alterados diversos parâmetros dos cálculos, de acordo com as condições de operação do sistema.
Worsening of a progressive interstitial lung disease in a patient with adult Still's disease after a novel coronavirus infection
Authors: Strutynskaya Anastasia D. , Karnaushkina Maria A. , Ovsyannikov Dmitriy Y. , Filippov Sergey A. , Tyurin Igor E.
Published: July 2022

Adult Still's disease is a rare systemic disorder of unknown etiology. Its course is often complicated by interstitial pneumonia and fulminant hepatitis. Published data have indicated some common mechanisms of systemic inflammation in patients with autoimmune disorders and SARS-COV-19. We present a clinical case of a 74-year old female patient with a long standing, slowly progressive Stills disease, who developed honeycomb lung and severe liver injury as major syndromes after a novel coronavirus infection. Within 10 months, she developed increasing dyspnea, progressive fibrous pulmonary abnormalities with formation of a "honeycomb lung" and signs of liver failure. Due to late medical referral, these symptoms have led to the patients death. According to the literature, lung tissue abnormalities that persist after a new coronavirus infection in patients with autoimmune disorders can be both a manifestation of residual post-covid injury and a systemic disease-associated lung injury with COVID-19-triggered progression. By this clinical example, we intended to illustrate that the key to a correct diagnosis is multiple organ damage persisting after a novel coronavirus infection irrespective of the severity of the coronavirus lung injury. Such symptoms indicate the need to assess immunological markers to exclude an autoimmune disease exacerbation or onset. Clinicians should aim at rapid diagnosis and timely initiation of specific therapy.
Financial Literacy, Financial Advice, and Stock Market Participation: Evidence From Malaysia
Authors: Hii Ivy S.H. , Ho Poh Ling , Yap Ching Seng , Philip Abey P.
Published: July 2022

The study examined the influence of financial literacy and financial advice on individuals’ stock market participation in Malaysia. Using survey data from 216 individuals aged 18 years old and above, this study revealed that both financial literacy and financial advice were positively associated with the likelihood of participating in the stock market. Individuals with higher financial literacy, especially advanced financial literacy, were more likely to participate in the stock market. Those who sought advice from financial advisors were also more likely to invest in the stock market. The findings underscore intervention opportunities for regulators, educators and financial advisors in promoting stock market participation in emerging countries.
A Comparison of the Financial, Emotional, and Physical Consequences of Identity Theft Victimization Among Familial and Non-Familial Victims
Authors: Betz-Hamilton Axton
Published: July 2022

Identity theft victims often experience negative financial, emotional, and physical consequences. Many cases of identity theft are perpetrated by family members, yet little is known about consequences familial identity theft victims experience and how they may differ from those who were victimized by a non-relative. The purpose of this study was to examine potential differences in consequences of identity theft victimization among familial and non-familial identity theft victims. Findings indicate younger identity theft victims are more likely to experience feelings of worry and anxiousness due to victimization, relative to older identity theft victims. No differences were found among familial and non-familial identity theft victims regarding physical consequences of victimization, nor were any differences found in the amount of financial losses incurred.
Developments in acoustic techniques to assess livestock health
Authors:   SoundTalks NV, Belgium, Vranken Erik ,   KU Leuven M3-BIORES – Measure, Model & Manage Bioresponses, Belgium, Berckmans Daniel ,   KU Leuven M3-BIORES - Measure, Model & Manage Bioresponses, Belgium,   BioRICS NV, Belgium, Buyens Wim ,   SoundTalks NV, Belgium, Berckmans Dries ,   SoundTalks NV, Belgium
Published: July 2022

n this chapter we give an overview of sound monitoring and the applications for different livestock applications (pigs, poultry, cattle) and perform a critical review on the status of the current technological developments.
Developments in data analysis for decision-making in precision livestock farming systems
Authors:   HAS University of Applied Sciences, The Netherlands, van Erp-van der Kooij Elaine
Published: July 2022

This chapter focuses on supervised learning techniques such as decision trees and linear prediction models, as well as unsupervised learning techniques such as clustering. Fitting the model to data and the phenomenon of overfitting are described. For each technique, an example has been added for livestock data.
Developments in monitoring grazing behaviour and automated grazing management in extensive systems
Authors:   CSIRO, Australia, Campbell Dana L. M. , Bishop-Hurley Gregory J. ,   CSIRO, Australia, Lee Caroline ,   CSIRO, Australia, Charmley Ed ,   CSIRO, Australia
Published: July 2022

This chapter provides an overview of the development and use of information technology to improve the management and welfare of grazing livestock under extensive systems. It discusses the evolution of grazing management through the animal/pasture interface, and the development and application of grazing management technologies, including, on-animal managements though virtual fencing technology and on-animal monitoring of pasture intake, location, health and activity. Technological examples will focus on the Australian beef industry as a potential early adopter of PLF solutions. A case-study is also presented on the commercial implementation of the eShepherd® virtual fencing system for protection of an environmentally sensitive area. The chapter concludes with a summary of developments to date, discussion of future research trends, and where to look for additional information.
A Hybrid Harmony Search and Particle Swarm Optimization Algorithm (HSPSO) for Testing Non-functional Properties in Software System
Authors: Bala Nurudeen Muhammad , Bin Safei Suhailan
Published: July 2022

An important aspect of improving software system is testing. However, it is time demanding and sometimeslabour intensive if done manually. In this paper, we developed an automatic search-based approach for testing the nonfunctional properties of a software system using hybrid harmony search and particle swarm optimization algorithms. The approach birthed a new algorithm named HSPSO, which is proposed based on the strength of HS over Genetic algorithm (GA) in terms of less adjustable parameters, quick convergence and smooth implementation. On the other hand, we propose the PSO to complement the drawback of HS in terms of time consumption problem. Besides, we used four programs for the comparative efficiency analysis of the proposed algorithm in relation to competing algorithms based on average branch coverage and execution time. The results from the analysis showed that the HSPSO algorithm was able to achieve 100% average coverage with a fewer number of generated test cases and under limited execution time.
Bayesian Disease Mapping: A Literature Review With an Application, Using WinBugs Software
Authors: Raubenheimer Lizanne , Southey Richard , Sarah E. Radlof
Published: July 2022

In this paper we review the improper and proper conditional autoregressive (CAR) models. A set of spatially correlated Gaussian random effects are assumed. The CAR model which contains components from both the uncorrelated heterogeneity (UH) and correlated heterogeneity (CH) models, have been applied to the South African acute pericarditis 2014 data set, where a Poisson model is used. Acute pericarditis is caused by an inflammation of the pericardium in the heart. The data set has been used to examine whether there is a significant difference between the proper conditional autoregressive prior and the intrinsic conditional autoregressive prior for the correlated heterogeneity component in a convolution model. Both the hyperpriors of the precision for the uncorrelated heterogeneity components were modelled by using the Jeffreys’ prior. The sensitivity of the hyperprior has also been investigated. The deaths from this disease in 2014 in South Africa have been considered, where disease maps and the relative risk of acquiring and dying from acute pericarditis have been investigated, as well as the standardised mortality ratio (SMR). The convergence and burn-in period of the models were assessed by the Brook-Gelman-Rubin (BGR) diagnostic. The deviance information criterion (DIC) was used to assess the models.
The Functional Regression With Reconstructed Functions From Hybrid Principal Components Analysis: With EEG-fMRI Application
Authors: Fayaz Mohammad , Abadi Alireza , Khodakarim Soheila
Published: July 2022

Objective: In this article, we reconstruct the hybrid data with hybrid principal component analysis (HPCA) as a feature extraction step and model them with functional regression as a modeling step, and comparing models and choose the best number of HPCA based on the prediction accuracy as an evaluation step. Method: We decompose the hybrid data to the eigencomponents with HPCA. The reconstructed data from HPCA were divided into the training and testing dataset. The function-on-function signal compression and scalar-on-function regressions were used.  Three simulation scenarios and their applications in the neuroimaging datasets (EEG-fMRI) were studied. The number of HPCA was selected with the mean squared prediction error (MSPE). Result: The simulation shows that the raw data, reconstructed from the first and all HPCAs for the training dataset has median MSPE 0.1001, 0.0028, and 0.0174 respectively, and for the testing, the dataset has 0.3207, 0.1118, and 0.2484 respectively. The EEG-fMRI suggests that in both auditory and visual tasks and standard and target stimuli for different regions of the brain the first HPCA has the smallest MSPE. Conclusions: We conclude this method improves the prediction accuracy of the experiments with the EEG datasets. And we recommend that instead of using the functional PCA on the desired dimension, reconstruct the data with HPCA and average it on the other two dimensions for functional regression models.
On Accelerated Failure Time Models Performance Under Progressive Type-II Censoring
Authors: Helu Amal , Samawi Hani , Alslman Majd
Published: July 2022

Accelerated failure time (AFT) models have intensive applications in many research areas, including but not limited to behavioral, chronic (e.g., cancer), and infectious diseases (e.g., HIV) research. In this paper, we investigate the performance of the AFT models when Progressive Type-II censoring schemes are performed. We demonstrate the usefulness of using these schemes. We discuss their testing procedure power, $Bias$, and $MSE$ of the hazard ratio estimates compared to the same sample size of the uncensored data. Theoretically, we derive the models, the $MLE$ scores, and the Fisher information matrix. A comparison between these estimators is provided by using extensive simulation. A real-life data example is provided to illustrate our proposed estimators.
Bootstrap Confidence Intervals for Common Signal-to-noise Ratio of Two-parameter Exponential Distributions
Authors: Thangjai Warisa , Niwitpong Suparat
Published: July 2022

Signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) is a reciprocal of coefffficient of variation. The SNR is a measure of mean relative to the variability. Confidence procedures for common SNR of two-parameter exponential distributions were developed using generalized confidence interval (GCI) approach, large sample (LS) approach, adjusted method of variance estimates recovery (Adjusted MOVER) approach, and bootstrap approaches based on standard bootstrap (SB) and parametric bootstrap (PB). The performances of all approaches are measured by coverage probability and average length. Simulation studies show that all approaches have the coverage probabilities below the nominal confidence level of 0.95 when the common SNR is negative value. However, the coverage probabilities of all approaches are greater than the nominal confidence level of 0.95 when the common SNR is positive value. Moreover, the LS and AM approaches are the conservative confidence intervals. In addition, the GCI and PB approaches provide the confidence intervals with coverage probabilities close to the nominal confidence level of 0.95 when the sample sizes are large and the common SNR is positive value. The GCI and PB approaches are recommended to estimate the confidence intervals for the common SNR of two-parameter exponential distributions. Finally, all proposed approaches are employed in the data of the survival days of lung cancer patients for a demonstration.
ANALISIS KARAKTERISTIK DIELEKTRIK BERBAGAI MINYAK NABATI SEBAGAI ALTERNATIF ISOLASI CAIR UNTUK TRANSFORMATOR TENAGA
Authors: Anggara Gustio Riki Kartiko , Prasetyono Suprihadi , Gozali RB. Moch.
Published: July 2022

This article discusses the analysis of the dielectric characteristics of various vegetable oils as an alternative to liquid insulation for power transformers. Vegetable oil in this study focused on three kinds of vegetable oil, namely kemiri sunan oil, castor oil, and palm oil. This study reviews the dialectical characteristics of the three oils with respect to temperature changes. This vegetable oil will be compared with transformer oil, namely Shell Diala B, to determine the feasibility of vegetable insulating oil. This article uses literature study and data collection methods, using the basic theory of transformers, namely when alternating electric current flows around an iron core, the iron core will turn into a magnet. The results of this study indicate that these three vegetable oils have the same breakdown voltage characteristics to temperature changes, namely at a temperature voltage of 30°C. Furthermore, these three types of oil are still below the standard SPLN 49-1: 1982 which is 30 kV and still do not have the feasibility of transformer insulation oil. When palm oil is increased to 70°C, the breakdown voltage increases quite drastically, which is 48.58 kV. This has met the standard when compared to Sell diala B oil which when the temperature changes 70°C the breakdown voltage is 47.09 kV.
RANCANG BANGUN MOTOR BRSUHLESS DIRECT CURRENT THREE PHASE AXIAL FLUX NYLON CARBON FIBER PADA UNMANNED AERAL VEHICLE (UAV)
Authors: Rahardi Gamma Aditya , Putranto Adi , Hadi Widyono
Published: July 2022

Abstrak

Pesawat tanpa awak atau Pesawat nirawak (Unmanned Aerial Vehicle atau UAV), adalah sebuah mesin terbang yang berfungsi dengan kendali jarak jauh oleh pilot. drone telah diterapkan dalam berbagai layanan seperti pengawasan Infrastruktur, pemetaan daerah pertanian, dan pemetaan daerah industry. Perancangan motor BLDC Axial Flux Nylon Carbon Fiber pada Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) ini menggunakan bahan nylon carbon fiber pada penampang stator dan rotornya karena memiliki berat yang ringan dan kuat. Pengujian pertama mengetahui kinerja dari empat motor BLDC Axial Flux Nylon Carbon Fiber dengan variasi sinyal dari throttle yang diberikan menghasilkan arus , daya  dan kecepatan  motor yang berbeda, untuk daya didapatkan dari hasil perhitungan akar tiga dikalikan dengan tegangan dikali arus. Setelah data terkumpul selanjutnya yaitu membandingkan motor pertama kedua ketiga dan keempat apakah ke empat motor yang di buat dengan konstruksi yang sama memiliki perbedaan arus, daya, gaya angkat maupun kecepatannya. Hasil pengujian menghasilkan motor BLDC Axial Flux Nylon Carbon Fiber tersebut mempunyai beberapa kelebihan yaitu berat dari motor menggunakan bahan Nylon Carbon Fiber.

Kata Kunci :Unmanned Aerial Vehicle, motor BLDC, Axial flux, Nylon Carbon Fiber.

Abstract

Unmanned aircraft or Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV), is a flying machine that functions with remote control by the pilot. drones have been applied in various services such as infrastructure surveillance, mapping of agricultural areas, and mapping of industrial areas. The design of the Axial Flux Nylon Carbon Fiber BLDC motor on this Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) uses nylon carbon fiber material on the stator and rotor cross sections because it has lightweight and is strong. The first test was to determine the performance of the four BLDC Axial Flux Nylon Carbon Fiber motors with the variation of the signal from the given throttle resulting in different current, power, and motor speed, for power, obtained from the calculation of the root of three multiplied by the voltage times the current. After the data has been collected, the next step is to compare the first, second, third, and fourth motors, whether the four motors made with the same construction have different currents, power, lift, and speed. The test results produce a BLDC Axial Flux Nylon Carbon Fiber motor that has several advantages, namely the weight of the motor using Nylon Carbon Fiber material.

Keywords : Unmanned Aerial Vehicle, motor BLDC, Axial flux, Nylon Carbon Fiber.