bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The learning continuum of living reproduction: Generating a curriculum grid based on students' cognitive levels
Authors: Trilipi Desi , Subali Bambang
Published: January 2021

One of the overlapping curriculum designs indicates the mismatch of teaching materials with the cognitive level process and student development, impacting the unstructured qualification of mastery of the material. On the other hand, the breadth and depth of teaching materials in the curriculum must be following students' mental development and level of cognitive processes. This study aims to collect the opinions of science teachers in junior high schools and biology teachers in high schools about the learning continuum design on reproducing living things. The method used is a survey. The study population is a hypothetical population with a convenience sample. The sample involved in this study were 111 teachers in Bantul Regency and Yogyakarta City. The data collection method used a questionnaire distributed through four subject teachers' conference (MGMP). The data obtained were analyzed using descriptive analysis. The results showed several sub-aspects of reproduction of living things that cannot be taught in elementary schools. The material for propagating fungi, protists, bacteria, and viruses starts in grade VII with a cognitive level of C1 (remembering), after previously students received material about types of animals and plants in grade VI (elementary school). Furthermore, the material on reproductive anatomy and physiology can only be given to class IX with cognitive level C2 (understanding) and continued in class X and XI with cognitive level C4 (analyzing). Especially for reproductive anatomy and physiology, fungi were introduced to class VII with C1 level cognitive processes (remembering). This teacher opinion generates a learning continuum grid that can help policymakers improve educational curriculum.
The Metapattern of General Evolutionary Dynamics and the Three Dynamical Realms of Big History
Authors:   Department of Biology and Environmental Studies, New York University, Volk Tyler
Published: January 2021

The goal of this paper is to formalize better the division of big history into three main stages (phases, eras). In my own work they are “dynamical realms,” 1. physical laws, 2. biological evolution, and 3. cultural evolution. I show a deep similarity in two mighty transitions; first, from dynamical realm 1 to 2, and then from 2 to 3. The common “metapattern” in these transitions is that of generalized evolutionary dynamics, which in both cases opened up vast new arenas of possibility space. I first present relevant conclu-sions from my book, Quarks to Culture. A “grand sequence” of twelve fundamental levels was forged through a repeated cycle of “combogenesis” spanning the dynamical realms as families of levels. Next, I provide examples of other scholars who have similarly weighed in on a three-fold arc; notably Christian, Spier, Chaisson, Rolston, Salk, and Voros (following Jansch). Like me, all have nominally recognized similarities between biological and cultural evolution as important in the dynamics of realms two and three. Generally, these scholars have not placed primary emphasis on general evolutionary dynamics as a multiply-instantiated process. The PVS metapattern for evolution (propagation, variation, and selection) is well established as overarching across many patterns in biology, following life’s origin. In culture the operation of general evolution-ary dynamics is, I suggest, dual-tier, consisting of cognitive PVS of individuals coupled to social PVS of groups. The emergence of realm-forming PVS-dynamics twice (biology, culture) created radically new ways to explore and stabilize patterns in expansive fields of diverse types within the respective dynamics. Thus, we can recognize a fundamental-ly similar reason (i.e., two emergent forms of evolutionary dynamics) for why so many scholars have correctly, in my opinion, discerned a threefold arc of big history. Im-portant as well in the flow of progress from quarks to culture were two only slightly less major instantiations of PVS-dynamics (though both crucial): an era of chemical evolution within the realm of physical laws, which led into the realm of biological evolution, and also the evolution of the animal cognitive learning PVS of trial, error, and success, which was essential to the path into cultural evolution. In concluding remarks, I note several outstanding issues: alternative proposals for five orders or four dimensions (i.e., divisions more than three in the arc of big history); the use of the word “evolution,” and three matrices (cosmosphere, biosphere, civisphere) that contain and are constituted by the varieties of patterns within the corresponding dynamical realms.
LA PARTICIPACIÓN PRIVADA EN LA GESTIÓN DE LA SALUD PÚBLICA
Authors: Flores Díaz Sebastián
Published: January 2021

El artículo analiza los contratos entre el sistema público de salud y proveedores privados. En específico; se estudia la participación del sector privado en el sistema público de salud y cómo se acude a mecanismos contractuales para incorporarlos en ellos; una tendencia que a nivel internacional cobra mayor fuerza. En el diseño contractual se presentan dos grandes tendencias. La primera de ellas se crear condiciones de mercado en la prestación de las atenciones de salud; en la que el privado compite con entes públicos por los mismos recursos. La segunda tendencia es plantear la participación de prestadores privados como colaboradores del sector público; caso en el que los contratos serán mecanismos articuladores de una red asistencial.  El artículo muestra que la segunda tendencia es la que se aplica en el caso chileno. Se argumenta que los convenios realizados por los servicios de salud y sus entes dependientes; han tendido a crear una suerte de cuasimercado de prestaciones de salud. A la vez; se analiza cómo los contratos celebrados por Fonasa; que han articulado una red público privada con resultados positivos.
El hambre y la paz: problema ético mundial.
Authors: Núñez Picado Dagoberto
Published: January 2021

Este artículo problematiza, desde la realidad centroamericana, la importancia de los temas de la paz y de la alimentación para todos, construyendo críticamente algunos parámetros éticos desde los cuales abordar estos temas. El artículo analiza los escritos de dos teólogos alemanes (Küng y Müller) que han abordado el tema, y plantea una propuesta para ubicar la discusión en términos que convengan a la realidad latinoamericana.
Lump at the back of my tongue. The lingual thyroid – a case report & narrative review of literature
Authors: Jabbour Joe , Agostinho Nelson , Bains Harinder , Earls Peter , Killen Louise , Perera Ruwan , Sirigiri Ranga , Ridha Hayder
Published: January 2021

A 68-year-old male presented with a difficult airway secondary to a firm
mass at the base of the tongue on intubation for an emergency general
surgical procedure. Further workup confirmed a lingual thyroid with
previous upper airway obstruction requiring a temporary tracheostomy.
The mass was excised using transoral robotic surgery.
Reference values of left ventricular diastolic function accessed by conventional and Doppler echocardiography in healthy Angolans: effect of age and gender
Authors: Morais Humberto , Feijão Ana , Pereira Savarino Victória
Published: January 2021

Introduction: Studies about the reference values of the conventional and
tissue Doppler echocardiography in African populations are limited.
Objectives: The aim of this study is to evaluate the effect of aging and
gender in left ventricular diastolic function assessed by conventional
and tissue Doppler echocardiography in healthy Angolans. Methods:
Cross-sectional study performed involving healthy participants aged
between 18 and 85 years, attending in a diagnostic center in Luanda,
Angola. Two-dimensional transthoracic echocardiography and Doppler study
were performed according to the Guidelines of the American Society of
Echocardiography and the European Association of Cardiovascular Imaging.
Results: A total of 103 men (47.5%) (mean age: 39,5±10,8) and 114 women
(52,5%) (mean age: 43,0±12,5 years) were included. Compared to men,
women were older (p=0,025) and showed significantly smaller body surface
area (p<0,001). Mitral E velocity, and E/e’ ratio were
significantly higher in women compared to men. While, DT of mitral E
velocity was longer in men compared to women (p=0,041), E wave velocity
and E/A ratio show a negative significant correlation with increasing
age (r -0,33; P ≤ 0.001 and r -0,48; P ≤ 0.001, respectively).
Conversely, A wave velocity shows a significant positive correlation
with age (r 0,47; P < 0.001). Average e′ wave velocity shows a
significant negative correlation with aging (r -0,40; P ≤ 0.0001).
Conclusions: In healthy Angolan adult population, the parameters of left
ventricular diastolic function deteriorated with age reflecting a normal
aging process. This must be taken into account when assessing diastolic
function at different age’s categories.
Managing feral pig threats on a tropical floodplain for fisheries values
Authors: Waltham Nathan , Schaffer Jason
Published: January 2021

Efforts to protect and restore tropical wetlands impacted by feral pigs
(Sus scrofa) in northern Australia have more recently included exclusion
fences, an abatement response proposing fences improve wetland condition
by protecting habitat for fish production and water quality. Here we
tested: 1) whether the fish assemblage are similar in wetlands with and
without fences; and 2) whether specific environmental processes
influence fish composition differently between fenced and unfenced
wetlands. Twenty-one floodplain and riverine wetlands in the Archer
River catchment (Queensland) were surveyed during post-wet (June-August)
and late-dry season (November-December) in 2016, 2017 and 2018, using a
fyke soaked overnight (~14-15hrs). A total of 6,353 fish
representing twenty-six species from 15 families were captured. There
were no multivariate differences in fish assemblages between seasons,
years and for fenced and unfenced wetlands (PERMANOVA, Pseudo-F
<0.58, P<0.68). Late-dry season fish were
considerably smaller compared to post-wet season: a strategy presumably
to maximise rapid disposal following rain. At each wetland a calibrated
Hydrolab was deployed (between 2-4 days, with 20min logging) in the
epilimnion (0.2m), and revealed distinct diel water quality cycling of
temperature, dissolved oxygen and pH (conductivity represented
freshwater wetlands) which was more obvious in the late-dry season
survey, because of extreme summer conditions. Water quality varied among
wetlands, in terms of the daily amplitude, and extent of daily
photosynthesis recovery, which highlights the need to consider local
site conditions rather than applying general assumptions around water
quality conditions for these types of wetlands examined here. Though
many fish access (fenced and unfenced) wetlands during wet season
connection, the seasonal effect of reduced water level conditions seems
to be more over-improvised compared to whether fences are installed or
not, as wetlands supported few, juvenile, or no fish species because
they had dried completed regardless of whether fences were present or
not.
Acciones de Responsabilidad Social Universitaria en la oferta educativa del Área Económico-Administrativa de la Universidad Veracruzana
Authors: Nieto Gassos Kislev Dennys , Gazca Herrera Luis Alejandro
Published: January 2021

La presente investigación destaca el tema de Responsabilidad Social Universitaria, como un elemento para desarrollar, establecer e implementar estructuras de gestión socialmente responsable. Es una investigación con alcance descriptivo basado en evidencia y en la experiencia, recopilando información de autores reconocidos del tema, destacándose a François Vallaeys. De igual modo, en función al compromiso social, se mencionan algunas de las múltiples acciones realizadas por la Universidad Veracruzana, en el cual, promueve la implementación de buenas prácticas dentro de una gestión responsable con calidad, contribuyendo así al desarrollo institucional de educación superior; posteriormente se describen elementos relacionados con el proceso de obtención al logro de distintivos de responsabilidad social universitaria, otorgados por la Asociación Nacional de Facultades y Escuelas de Contaduría y Administración, donde se destaca la participación de las facultades de negocios, adscritas a la dirección general del área académica económico administrativa de la Universidad Veracruzana, favoreciendo al fortalecimiento de la responsabilidad social, en el que a partir de este referente, se perciben indicadores de evaluación, crecimiento y gestión de buenas prácticas en las entidades académicas para la toma de decisiones, y con ello propiciar, promover y coordinar un plan de mejora a partir del autoconocimiento para un impacto social.
Variant vacation queueing system with Bernoulli feedback, balking and server's states-dependent reneging
Authors: Bouchentouf Amina , Boualem Mohamed , Cherfaoui Mouloud , Medjahri Latifa
Published: January 2021

We consider a single server Markovian feedback queue with variant of multiple
vacation policy, balking, server's states-dependent reneging, and retention
of reneged customers. We obtain the steady-state solution of the considered
queue based on the use of probability generating functions. Then, the
closed-form expressions of different system characteristics are derived.
Finally, we present some numerical results in order to show the impact of the
parameters of impatience timers on the performance measures of the system.
Investigation of dissimilar fiber laser welding of low carbon steel and stainless steel by numerical simulation
Authors: Ai Yuewei , Liu Xiaoying , Huang Yi , Yu Long
Published: January 2021

A three-dimensional numerical simulation model is developed in this paper to analyze the symmetry of weld geometry and the homogeneity of alloy distribution in the molten pool during the dissimilar fiber laser welding of low carbon steel and stainless steel during different welding conditions. The simulated results are compared with the experimental results and good agreement has been obtained. The characteristics of weld geometry, flow field and alloy distribution are analyzed based on the numerical calculation. The obtained results indicate that the weld morphology is asymmetric and the weld width is increasing gradually with the laser power increasing. The convection formed in the molten pool is enhanced under high laser power welding condition, which results in that the alloy distribution in the molten pool is more homogeneous and the difference between the upper and lower widths of the weld is decreasing. The weld morphology and alloy distribution in the dissimilar fiber laser welding can be predicted. It is clearly seen that the proposed model is effective for optimal welding process parameters selection to obtain the desired welded joints with excellent performance, which demonstrates guiding significance for improving the quality of dissimilar laser welding.
Comparative Antimicrobial Effect of Boswellia, Lichen, Coffea peel, Asafoetida, Saussurea Costus, Rhatany, Anise and Cumin Extracts on Some Animal Pathogens
Authors: Atta El-Desoukey Rehab Mohamed
Published: January 2021

Numerous plants have so far been utilized for the treatment and the executives of different illnesses since the start of human development. One of the regular issues in the clinical world, spreading of bacterial opposition against anti-infection agents, so one of the most significant strides in microbiological investigates is to locate another antimicrobial compound with insignificant reactions. Because of the nearness of organic dynamic mixes in plant and herbs and its utilization in conventional Objective medication and sustenance, it appears that this plants and herbs contain limit significant antimicrobial. So the aim of this study is to explore the antimicrobial action of Boswellia, Lichen, Coffea peel, Rhatany (Krameria triandra), Cuminum cyminum, Pimpinella anisum, Asafoetida, and Saussurea costus aqueous and solvent extracts on some therapeutically significant bacteria and fungi isolated from animals. Hot and cold aqueous extracts in addition to alcohol extracts of Boswellia, Lichen, Coffea peel, Rhatany (Krameria triandra), Cuminum cyminum, Pimpinella anisum , Asafoetida,and Saussurea costus were assessed for their antimicrobial effect against Streptococcus, Escherichia coli Salmonella, klebsiella and Candida albicans by agar well diffusion method. Every single examined plants and herbs indicated antibacterial impact against examined pathogenic microscopic organisms particularly Rhatany, Asafoetida, Lichen, and Pimpinella anisum. The lesser impact was for Coffea peel. Also the most antifungal action against Candida albican swas for Rhatany. For the most part the viable concentrate was the cold aqueous extract for all analyzed plants and herbs.
Endüstriyel Plantasyonlar ve Orman Ürünleri Endüstrisi
Authors: GÖRÜCÜ Özden , TOLUNAY Ahmet , GÜNEŞ Yıldız , TOPÇU Pınar
Published: January 2021

Endüstriyel plantasyonlar, birçok ülkede ekonomik kalkınma ve büyüme parametreleri açısından önemli rol oynamaktadır. Türkiye’de orman ürünleri ve özellikle odun hammaddesi üretimi açısından arz açığı bulunmaktadır. Odun ürünleri bakımından ortaya çıkan arz açığının kapatılmasının en önemli yollarından biri endüstriyel plantasyonlara ağırlık vererek uygun alanlarda yaygınlaşmasını sağlamaktır. Bu makalede, küresel ölçekteki endüstriyel plantasyonlar ve orman ürünleri endüstrisi incelenerek, Türkiye için değerlendirmelerde bulunulmuştur.
Epidemiology and Molecular Aspect of pediculosis among Primary School Children in Sulaimani Province Kurdistan-Iraq
Authors: A. Haama Abdullah
Published: January 2021

Pediculosis is the term for head lice (Pediculus humanus capitis) and the other hairy parts infestation with any stages of lice. The lice is a human blood sucking ecto-parasite which can cause severe itching. Direct contact, Sharing of clothing and combs can be a way for lice transmission from infected person to another.This study had been done to determine the pediculosis infection rate and risk factors asociassion with head lice among primary schools children in Sulaimani Province, all cases were evaluated by physical examination (visual inspection) and detail structured questionnaire which was including education levels, family size, hair washing frequency, type and length of hair, mother occupation and education, father occupation, and education was used, the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) used for confirming the head lice clade. A total of 4087 students was inspected from 13 primary schools in Sulaimani city, with the overall prevalence of 8.3%, The participants were 2046 males and 2041 females with prevalence 2.20% and 6.1% respectively. The age of respondents was between 5-13 years. The prevalence was higher in large family members in comparing to those with small family members. The amplicons product from Polymarase chain Reaction was visualized on 1.5% agarose gel, and expected DNA band size of head lice's was approximately 486 bp which confirms that these lice's belong to the head lice group clade A . In conclusion the school aged children in Sulaimani province were suffering from peiculosis with high prevalence rate and it has a direct impact on children cognitive and school activity performance.
Effect of the Ground Slope and Soil Infiltration on the Water Nitrate Ion Concentrations
Authors: Herrera Ceferino Maura Melissa , Viviescas Restrepo Juan Camilo , Aguirre Ramírez Néstor Jaime
Published: January 2021

Soil characterization plays an essential role in the water flow and availability of nutrients. In accordance with the above, this research sought to find a relationship between the soil slope, soil particle grain size distribution, infiltration rate, and the nitrate ion movement through the soil profile and in the water table of the Quebrada La Nitrera, located in a Colombian tropical nature forest reserve. It was observed that the slope and the rate of infiltration explain the nitrate concentrations from one site to another. Additionally, in April 2018, where on average there is more precipitation for the study area, the highest groundwater nitrate ions concentration (18 mg / L) was reported according to the standard value for natural waters (10 mg / L). This suggests that hydrological events also influence the transport of these minerals.
Small business innovation activity: the financial aspect
Authors: Valishvili Mary A.
Published: January 2021

The solution to the problem of realizing the innovation potential of small companies is based on solving several critical problems: financial support, investment attractiveness, human resources potential. In this article, the author considers the specific features of financing small innovative companies as the most significant factor of innovative growth of the Russian economy.
An organic approach to identifying enterprise ability to compete and cooperate in the context of the implementation sustainable development concept and the business eco-systems development
Authors: Ormanova Z. B. , Isakunov A. M.
Published: January 2021

In the context of the realization of sustainable development and the introduction of a business model based on the principles of the eco-system, a modern enterprise has a number of tasks to determine its attitude to its own competitive position, in particular, and market behavior in general. It is therefore necessary to define the basic provisions used to describe the nature of the enterprise's market behaviour in terms of the biological (organic) approach
Keamanan Aplikasi Web Melalui Penerapan Cross Site Request Forgery(CSRF)
Authors: Firdaus Taufik Ramadan
Published: January 2021

Currently the Internet became one of the media that can not be separated, as well as a wide variety of applications supplied her. As the development of technologies, reliance on Web applications also increased. However, web applications have a wide range of threats, one of it is a CSRF (Cross-Site Request Forgery). This study uses CSRF (Cross-Site Request Forgery) Protection. CSRF (Cross-Site Request Forgery) Protection is a treatment method that has a variety of ways, one of which uses a token in the session when the user login. Token generated at login will be used as a user id that the system of web applications to identify where the request originated.  The results of this study are expected in order to increase web application defenses against CSRF (Cross-Site Request Forgery), so that web application users will be able to feel safe in using the Internet and its various feature. Reduced level of attacks on web applications. So that visitor traffic on the web application can be increased.
Development of Enterprise Architecture Model for Smart City
Authors: Saluky Saluky
Published: January 2021

Population development is so fast and half within the city that it creates social problems. In addition, the city also has future challenges such as population growth, poverty, health, safety, energy needs, and pollution levels. The problems and challenges of the city must get the solution through the use of the smart city concept in managing the city. Smart City is a city with a development concept using existing resources effectively and efficiently and can be used to maximize the benefits of citizens through the use of information and communication technology. To build a smart city It takes enterprise architecture as a medium of communication by all the intelligent city stakeholders that can be achieved in accordance with predetermined goals. This research aims to develop the enterprise architecture model by using TOGAF to be used and provide solutions to the problems and challenges of the city through the development of enterprise smart city architecture. The results show that Smart City Enterprise Architecture developed using TOGAF can be used as a reference for smart city development.
A Survey on Big Data in the Media and Entertainment Industry
Authors: Nurhayati Annisaa
Published: January 2021

Big Data has affected all industries, including the media dan entertainment industries. The popularity of using mobile devices and the internet has changed the way people enjoy entertainment. This popularity also generates data streams from many sources with various data formats and large volumes, known as big data. Carrying out big data analysis can help the media industry and entertainment achieve its goals, like providing content that makes users happy, provides user experience, and increases profits. Many researchers have conducted research on the use of big data in the media and entertainment industries. The purpose of this paper is to provide an overview of the problems, challenges and various technologies related to Big Data in the media and entertainment industries.
A Survey on Machine learning and IoT
Authors: Hardini Inkreswari Retno
Published: January 2021

Internet of Things is an intelligence devices that can connect to any other devices. Based on that ability to connect and its intelligence, it makes people to create an intelligence device and capable to learn like human brain. To accomplish that goal, machine learning is the solution. Combination between machine learning and IoT generate a revolution in human life and application industry. The combination also generate new trend in market. Therefore, in this paper will be discuss about machine learning including machine learning technique and algorithm and also discuss about IoT including architecture and elements. Then in this paper will discuss about some researches that have already done that combine IoT with machine learning approach, including issue and challenge in those researches.
Decision Making in Internet of Things (IoT) : A Systematic Literature Review
Authors: Yomeldi Hespri
Published: January 2021

Today’s internet technologies support everything that human do. By using integrated technologies the things that connected to internet can provide data. The Internet of Things (IoT) is the new paradigm in provide the data without human communicated. The IoT system support machine to machine communication that can be used to develop smart services that can generate a lot of data. This exponential data can support a decision making. The decision making system depend on availability and reliability of data. This study focus to how the Internet of Thing support decision making system. With a survey of literature to understand the trends, models and factors of decision making in IoT based on previous research. This survey following step by conduct the research question (RQ), then search and observation the previous research from database journal. Based on reviewing 26 articles, this study conclude that the trends of decision making in IoT are implemented on Manufacturing and Industry, Healthcare, Agriculture and Transportation. Besides that the decision model that can support by IoT used Fog Computing,  Fuzzy, Game Theoritic, Clustering Based on Multimodal Data Correlation, etc. Meanwhile the decision making factors that influenced by IoT like Latency, data-driven, security, data reliability and accurate.  The integrated of model and point of interest on decision making in IoT should be improved.  It will be the opportunities and challenge in IoT to support decision making in future.
Diagnostic utility of abdominal ultrasonography for evaluation of dogs with nontraumatic hemoabdomen: 94 cases (2014–2017)
Authors: Cudney Sarah E. , Wayne Annie S. , Rozanski Elizabeth A.
Published: January 2021

OBJECTIVE

To evaluate the utility of abdominal ultrasonography (AUS) to detect grossly evident masses in dogs with nontraumatic hemoabdomen.

ANIMALS

94 client-owned dogs.

PROCEDURES

Electronic medical records from 2014 to 2017 were searched to identify dogs with nontraumatic hemoabdomen that had an AUS performed by a radiologist and subsequently underwent gross evaluation by surgery or necropsy. Ultrasonography, surgery, and histology reports were reviewed, and descriptive statistics were performed. Sensitivity of ultrasonography to detect grossly identifiable masses was calculated.

RESULTS

Differences were identified between AUS and surgical or necropsy findings for 51 of 94 (54%) dogs. Splenic masses were most commonly identified as the cause of hemoabdomen. Sensitivity of AUS was 87.4%, 37.3%, and 31.3% for masses in the spleen, liver, and mesentery, respectively. Five dogs had more lesions identified with AUS than were found on gross evaluation; 0 of 6 dogs with peritoneal diffuse nodular metastasis had lesions detected by AUS.

CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE

In this sample of dogs, the utility of AUS to detect grossly identifiable lesions in dogs with nontraumatic hemoabdomen was limited, with the highest and lowest sensitivity found for splenic masses and diffuse nodular metastasis, respectively.
LSM3, NDUFB3, and PTGS2 may be potential biomarkers for BRCA1-mutation positive breast cancer
Authors: Hu Kang , Gan Fengjiao , Wang Xue , Xu Lin , Wu Qiaoyuan , Jiang Ni , Sun Suhong
Published: January 2021

Purpose: We aimed to find critical biomakers associated with BRCA1-mutation positive breast cancer.

Methods: The data set E-MTAB-982 was downloaded from ArrayExpress database and the data were preprocessed using R package Oligo. Differential expression analysis between BRCA1-mutation positive breast cancer patients and BRCA1-mutation positive healthy subjects were performed using limma package. Then, gene set enrichment analysis was conducted. We constructed the network for BRCA1, its related differentially expressed genes (DEGs), and the enriched Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathways. After that, survival analysis was performed based on the clinical data of breast cancer in TCGA database. Finally, box diagram for key genes was drawn.

Results: The network showed that LSM3, NDUFB3, GNPDA2, and PTGS2 were BRCA1 related DEGs. Furthermore, LSM3 was mainly enriched in RNA degradation pathway and spliceosome pathway. PTGS2 was enriched in arachidonic acid metabolism and VEGF signaling pathway. Survival analysis indicated that high expression of LSM3 indicated a poor prognosis of BRCA1-mutant breast cancer. Besides, box diagram showed that LSM3 was down-regulated in BRCA1-mutation positive breast cancer patients compared with that in BRCA1-mutation positive healthy subjects.

Conclusions: LSM3, NDUFB3, and PTGS2 may be biomarkers in BRCA1-mutant breast cancer, and high expression of LSM3 may indicate a poor prognosis of BRCA1-mutant breast cancer.
TUGAS POKOK DAN FUNGSI (TUPOKSI) APOTEKER DI PUSKESMAS DALAM PELAYANAN OBAT MENURUT PERATURAN PERUNDANG-UNDANGAN
Authors: Satvika Devi Ni Nyoman Adhi
Published: January 2021

Puskesmas is a health service facility that aims to improve public health, which is related to the role of pharmacists in providing good pharmaceutical services. Pharmaceutical services are direct services that are responsible for pharmaceutical preparations in order to achieve quality improvement in patient life. The main duties and functions of pharmacists in health centers include pharmaceutical services regarding drug services and have been regulated in laws and regulations. In practice, it is not yet fully implemented because it is not considered a priority. Various cases of inappropriate drug use have emerged. For this reason, it is necessary to carry out a study on the functions of pharmacists in health centers based on statutory regulations. The method of writing this article is based on literature study through legal rules and regulations which are then linked to cases that occur in society. Various laws have been made by the government to regulate the responsibilities of a pharmacist in carrying out their duties and functions in matters related to pharmaceutical services such as drug services so that they are expected to be able to minimize drug-related cases that occur in the community. The duties and functions of pharmacists which are regulated by law include prescription services, counseling, dispensing, PTO, MESO, and PIO.
SKETCHING THE SEMANTIC CHANGE OF JAHANAM AND HIJRAH: A CORPUS BASED APPROACH TO MANUSCRIPTS OF ARABIC-INDONESIAN LEXICON
Authors: Puspita Dewi , Yusuf Kamal
Published: January 2021

There are a significant number of lexical borrowings from Arabic language to Indonesian language. Among of them are the words jahanam and hijrah. These words are diachronically can be traced and found in literatures and religious texts. This paper seeks to scrutinize the semantic change of jahanam and hijrah. This paper analyses jahanam and hijrah as they are used in both old manuscripts and modern texts. To see their semantic change behaviour, collocation and concordance of their contexts were analysed. The manuscripts employed as the source of research data were taken from the Malay Concordance Project (MCP) which comprises of 165 classical Malay literatures containing some Islamic texts, Corpora Collection Leipzig University, and WebCorp Live Birmingham City University. Using the corpus linguistics method, this research manages to demonstrate how words change semantically through time. The results of this study can be used as material for the preparation of the Indonesian-Arabic etymology dictionary.
TA'TSIR AL-BI'AH AL-LUGHAWIYAH 'ALA TA'LIM AL-LUGHAH AL-'ARABIYAH WA TA'ALLUMIHA LI AL-NATHIQIN BI GHAIRIHA
Authors: Taufiq Mirwan Akhmad
Published: January 2021

This study aims to discover the effect of language environment on learning the Arabic language held in Indonesia and Sudan and also to identify the patterns of influence in the acquisition of the Arabic language. In this study, the researcher used the analytical and comparative descriptive method by using various tools: oral and written test for Southeast Asian students who are learning the Arabic language in the Center for Language Development in Indonesia and the Institute of Arabic Language in Sudan. The interview was held to some experts in Arabic teaching who had academic experience in both environments. From this research, it is found that the difference between both environments in the effect is very low; the Indonesian environment may affect students more active than average students in the Sudanese environment. Active learning and active acquisition may remove these environmental boundaries and enables them to improve their Arabic language skills.
AL-TA'BIR AL-ISTHILAHI WA ISTI'MALATUHU FI KITAB SILSILAH TA'LIM AL-LUGHAH AL-'ARABIYAH
Authors: Rahman Faridah , Abd. Safa Najmuddin
Published: January 2021

This article aims to discuss Arabic idioms and their use in Book “Silsilat Ta’lim al-Lughah al-‘Arabiyyah” with semantic analysis. The urgency of this study is to help Arabic learners and enthusiasts in analyzing the meaning of Arabic sentences and language style so that they can avoid mistakes in understanding and translating various kinds of Arabic idioms. This study was a literature review using a qualitative approach. Data collection was carried out using the scrutinized method and note-taking technique, which recorded several Arabic idioms contained in the book Silsilat Ta’lim al-Lughah al-‘Arabiyyah level three, then analyzed using semantic analysis. Based on our study, it was concluded that the forms of Arabic idioms in the book ‘Silsilah Ta’lim al-Lughah al-Arabiyyah’ level three contained 46 idioms. They consist of two types: First, Arabic idioms are composed of fi'l (verbs) and harf (letters); secondly, Arabic idioms are arranged of ism (noun) and ism (noun).
PROBLEMATIKA PENERAPAN PEMBELAJARAN MAHFÛZHAT BAHASA ARAB BAGI MAHASISWA
Authors: Abdurrahman Maman , Masor Masor , Maulani Hikmah , Kartini Ade
Published: January 2021

Characteristic of mahfuzhat is using of high register and contain cultural content and norms. That is bring  own problems into student from memorizing procces, understanding a meaning and practicing. The goals of this study aims to describe and to provide a solution problematic that it has related with mahfuzhat learning. This research uses a case study approach, by observing field phenomena. As for the research subjects, namely students of the 1st semester of the Arabic Language Education Department. The data were collected using observation, interviews, and documentation, then the data analysis used was data display, data reduction and triangulation. The research findings show that the problem of competency aspects is due to aspects of vocabulary, rules and differences in several elements and characteristics between Arabic and Indonesian, the lack of time for practice, non-linguistic problems due to internal and external factors of the learners. The solutions include increasing the components and implementing learning as well as strengthening the motivation and self-confidence of learner.
THE DISCREPANCY OF SOCIAL IDENTITY WITH ARABIC COMPETENCE AND THE STUDENTS’ RELIGIOUS ATTITUDE
Authors: Muhajir Muhajir , Jainudin Cecep
Published: January 2021

The organization of Indonesian Muslim Student Action Union (KAMMI) of UIN Mataram is one of the student organizations that often use some Arabic vocabularies in its communication. The research would see the existence of Arabic language in this organization including competence, transformation of social identity and the relationship of the religious attitude of its members. The study used the social identity theory and the models of religious attitudes. The result showed that the Arabic competence of KAMMI members was not very high. The Arabic language frequently used by KAMMI members becomes their social identity even though it is only at a limited level of communication. Their religious attitude was categorized as an exclusive category with accompanying attributes such as code switching of Arabic language in daily dialogue, wearing labelled syar‘i clothes and make themselves feel to be more Islamic with these attributes.
PEMANFAATAN CITRA PENGINDERAN JAUH MULTI-TEMPORAL UNTUK DETEKSI URBAN HEAT ISLAND (UHI) TERHADAP PERUBAHAN PENGGUNAAN LAHAN DI KABUPATEN BULELENG
Authors: Adi Nugraha A Sediyo , Atmaja Dewa Made
Published: January 2021

Fenomena Urban Heat Island (UHI) sering dipengaruhi oleh kepadatan penduduk dan perubahan penggunaan lahan. Perubahan tesebut memiliki hubungan dengan peningkatan suhu permukaan (Land Surface Temperature/LST) sebagai awal terjadinya UHI. Deteksi perubahan penggunaan lahan dan suhu permukaan dilakukan dari tahun 2000, 2010, dan 2018 pada daerah Kabupaten Buleleng dan berfokus pada Kecamatan Buleleng karena memiliki perubahan lahan terbangun lebih cepat dibandingkan kecamatan lain. Tujuannya untuk mengetahuii bagaimana fenomena UHI itu terjadi akibat dari perubahan penggunaan lahan. Selain itu, seberapa besar peningkatan suhu permukaan selama 18 tahun khususnya di Kecamatan Buleleng dengan mengetahui kondisi ditribusi dan intensitas UHI. Metode yang digunakan dalam deteksi UHI menggunakan citra penginderaan jauh multi-temporal yaitu citra Landsat 7 ETM+ dan citra Landsat 8 OLI/TIRS (The Operational Land Imager and the Thermal Infrared Scanner) sebagai data primer. Pengolahan data akan berfokus pada ekstraksi suhu permukaan dengan metode Split-Windows Algorithm Sobrino (SWA-S) untuk Landsat 8 dan metode Brightness Temperature Emissivity Correction untuk Landsat 7, kemudian Maximum Likelihood sebagai metode penggunaan lahan. Hasil pengolahan menunjukkan bahwa penggunaan metode yang berbeda memberikan dampak terhadap fenomena UHI. Perbedaan suhu selama 18 tahun sebesar sebesar ±5°C hal itu dipengaruhi dari kondisi awan dan bayangan. Perubahan penggunaan lahan dari tahun 2000 hingga 2018 terdapat peningkatan lahan terbangun di Kecamatan Buleleng dan peningkatan suhu permukan sebesar 2°-7°C dari lahan terbangun. Fenomena UHI untuk distribusi dan instensitas UHI terjadi di daerah pusat perkotaan dan kenaikan intensitas UHI sebesar 1.75°C. kesimpulannya bahwa perubahan lahan terbangun memberikan dampak kenaikan suhu permukaan dan menyebabkan fenomena UHI.
ANALISIS PENGARUH GELOMBANG LAUT TERHADAP PENGGUNAAN BIAYA DAN JENISKAPAL PATROLI UNTUK OPERASI PENGAMANANLAUT NATUNA UTARA
Authors: Purwanto Bambang Rudi , Lazuardi Rudi , Pranowo Widodo Setyo
Published: January 2021

Kapal patroli merupakan salah satu unsur utama dalam penegakan kedaulatan di laut. Kekuatan kapal patroli saat ini sudah mengalami kemajuan yang signifikan. Kemajuan tersebut jauh dari yang diharapkan baik kuantitas maupun kualitas dihadapkan dengan luasnya daerah operasi seperti di daerah Laut Natuna Utara. Kondisi wilayah operasi di perairan Laut Natuna Utara yang sering mengalami cuaca yang tidak bersahabat terutama pada bulan Desember sampai dengan bulan Maret. Kondisi cuaca dan luasnya daerah operasi tersebut menunjukkan bahwa perlunya dilaksanakan pemilihan kapal patroliyang sesuai dan dapat dipertanggungjawabkan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memilih alternatif jenis kapal patroli yang sesuai untuk melaksanakan operasi di Laut Natuna Utara. Metode Benefit Cost Ratio(BCR) dan teori gelombang laut menjadi metode yang digunakan untuk memecahkan permasalahan yang terjadi di Laut Natuna Utara. Berdasarkan penggunaan metode dan teori diperoleh prioritas alternatif kapal patroli yang terpilih yaitu kapal patroli jenis “C” dengan nilai bobot 1,5dan aman untuk melaksanakan operasi berdasarkan analisis gelombang laut.
Differentiation between drug-type, fibre-type and intermediate-type in cannabis samples: HPLC-UV versus GC-FID
Authors:   Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Graz, Graz, Austria, Kadkhodaei Kian , Biei Nina ,   Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Graz, Graz, Austria, Vidiella Esther Caelles ,   Departamento de Farmacia y Tecnolog´ıa Farmac´eutica, y Fisicoqu´ımica, Facultat de Farmacia, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain, Osmenaj Pamela ,   Dipartimento di Scienze della Vita, Facolt`a di Farmacia, Universit`a degli studi di Modena Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy, Cannazza Giuseppe ,   Dipartimento di Scienze della Vita, Facolt`a di Farmacia, Universit`a degli studi di Modena Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy, Schmid Martin G. ,   Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Graz, Graz, Austria
Published: January 2021

Cannabis sativa is known to be the most abused illegal drug worldwide. To date it is not only used as a medicine but has been established as a lifestyle product. The most relevant phytocannabinoids represent the ingredients delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (9-THC) and cannabidiol (CBD), whereby only 9-THC shows a psychoactive effect. Since 2017, the so-called CBD-hemp containing CBD as main ingredient is distributed in many countries as a legal alternative. In these products, 9-THC must not exceed a certain percentage. It is hardly possible to differentiate between THC-hemp and CBD-hemp presenting a major challenge for authorities. Therefore, there is the need to develop fast and efficient analysis methods to distinguish between fibre-type, drug-type and intermediate-type cannabis products. The aim of this study was to compare two simple and inexpensive HPLC-UV and GC-FID methods for their ability to quantify phytocannabinoids in dried cannabis plant material. For this purpose, a set of 37 fresh and dried cannabis samples randomly chosen from seizures of Austrian police was subject to complementary quantification of 9-THC and CBD. After having taken into account decomposition of certain phytocannabinoids, the result of this quantitative study showed good correlation between HPLC-UV and GC-FID regardless of quantifying cannabis leaves or buds.
PELATIHAN INTERNET SEHAT: KEPEDULIAN DIRI AKAN KEAMANAN INFORMASI
Authors: Sediyono Agung , Mardianto Is , Najih Muhammad , Budi Santoso Gatot , Rochman Abdul
Published: January 2021

Internet and social media usage in daily activities is continuously increasing. UKM gets the benefit of information technology to increase its sale through scale up the marketing target in order to increase its revenue. However, most of UKM are worry about the risk in using information technology in their daily activities, such as cyber fraud and stealing their private data and their identities. To overcome these problems, it needs to design training materials that can reduce theirs worry in using information technology. Designed training material based on problem faced by training participants can satisfy and give a benefit to participants even though the instructor delivery and response is not good.
PENYULUHAN MENJAGA KESEHATAN MATA ANAK SELAMA PEMBELAJARAN DARING DI MASA PANDEMIK COVID-19
Authors: Kartini Kartini , H Amalia , A Zaina N , Yenny Yenny , C Angraeni
Published: January 2021

The Covid-19 pandemic that hit Indonesia affects almost all aspects of our lives including in education where learning patterns turn into online learning. Strain on the eyes can cause discomfort and may lead to decreased productivity. The purpose of this counseling is to improve the understanding of maintaining the health of children's eyes in this period of online learning by applying the pattern of use of gadgets properly and correctly.  The results of this activity showed that there was an increasing the knowledge of participants. Before counseling, only 4.5% of participants had good knowledge about how to maintain eye health. After being given counseling, the level of good knowledge of the participants increased to 60%. Pay attention to ergonomic sitting positions such as computers/laptops are placed in line with the eye view and optimal room lighting settings are performed as good lighting supports eye health. Get used to giving enough time for the body to rest periodically for example resting the eyes every 2 hours after the use of the gadget. The frequency of rest after using a computer is proven to increase comfort and relax the power of eye accommodation. When resting your eyes it is recommended to do physical activity outdoors to be exposed to sunlight. In addition, it is necessary to maintain the health of the eyes from the inside by eating nutritious and vitamints, such as vegetables and colored fruits
PEMBUATAN PIRANTI “URUP-URIP” PENYINARAN UV BERTENAGA SURYA: UPAYA STERILISASI BAKTERI PADA HASIL PANEN TANAMAN SAYUR DI CIANJUR, JAWA BARAT
Authors: Murwonugroho Wegig , Gunawan Setia , Rinanti Astri
Published: January 2021

The problems generally faced by farmers are that vegetables easily rotting due to delayed selling time and higher hygienic standard of vegetables. Based on an interview, we acknowledge that the farmers are unable to understand the utilization of ultraviolet irradiation technology. UV irradiation facilities - which help kills various types of bacteria, spores, protozoan viruses and algae - should be placed near vegetable harvest location. The physical part of vegetables requires special attention and they should not be moved on a regular basis to prevent damages. However, the harvest location is quite distant from electricity sources. As a solution to overcome this problem, a solar powered UV irrayer facility equipped with a portable bag is required. Besides that, the tool should be fitted with branded plastic casings to hold the vegetable to improve selling value, safety, and readiness of the vegetables. The objective of the utilization of this appropriate technology is to improve the quality of the harvested crops. Vegetables will be free from bacteria and risks of Covid-19 exposures. The target of this program is to improve vegetable selling sales rate and to improve the prosperity of the farmers better, or at least as high as pre-pandemic era. The method used to procure this appropriate technology is a design thinking method that covers empathy, define, ideate, prototype, and testing. The implementation of the counseling and training activities were conducted on-line and off-line whilst also applying a strict health protocol. The activity was conducted for 4 months.