bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Characterization and Strength Quality of the Oryctolagus cuniculus Leather Compared to Oreochromis niloticus Leather
Authors: Oliveira Gislaine Gonçalves , Gasparino Eliane , Castilha Leandro Dalcin , Marengoni Nilton Garcia , Souza dos Reis Goes Elenice , Alves de Almeida Fernanda Losi , Matiucci Marcos Antonio , Feihrmann Andresa Carla , Granzoto Gabriela Hernandes , Casetta Jaisa , de Vargas Schons Sandro , Vieira Dantas Filho Jerônimo , Rodrigues de Souza Maria Luiza
Published: October 2022

This study aimed to compare the resistance of the Oryctolagus cuniculus L. (rabbit) and Oreochromis niloticus L. (Nile tilapia) skins, as well as to observe the design of the flower of these skins and the morphology of the dermis. Tilapia and rabbit skins were placed inside the same equipment (tannery machine) for the chromium salt tanning process. The flower design of the fish leather distinguishes it from the rabbit leather, the latter being constituted by the opening of the hair follicles and pores, while the fish leather is constituted by the presence of protective lamellae and insertion of the scales. The dermis of rabbit skin consists of thick bundles of collagen fibers arranged in all directions, which differs from the morphology observed in the dermis of fish skin. However, in the Nile tilapia skin dermis, overlapping and parallel layers of longitudinal collagen fiber bundles are observed, these layers are interspersed with fiber bundles crossing the sking surface (transversely), tying the fibers together and providing greater strength, which can be proven by the strength test. The fish leathers, despite having less thickness (1.0 mm), demonstrated significantly greater tensile strength (13.52 ± 1.86 N mm−2) and tear strength (53.85 ± 6.66 N mm−2) than rabbit leathers, that is, (8.98 ± 2.67 N mm−2) and (24.25 ± 4.34 N mm−2). However, rabbit leather demonstrated higher elasticity (109.97 ± 13.52%) compared to Nile tilapia leather (78.97 ± 8.40%). It can be concluded that although the rabbit leather is thicker due to the histological architecture of the dermis (thick bundles of collagen fibers arranged in all directions with no pattern of organization of collagen fibers), it shows less resistance than Nile tilapia leather, which demonstrates an organization of overlapping and parallel layers and intercalating collagen fiber bundles transversally to the surface, functioning as tendons for the swimming process. It is recommended to use a piece of fabric (lining) together with the fleshy side of the rabbit leather, to increase resistance when used in clothing and footwear, as these products require greater tensile strength. Thus, it minimizes this restriction for the use of rabbit leather in the aforementioned purposes.
A Sum of Squares-Based Approach to Robust Nonlinear Mixed H2/H∞ Output-Feedback Control for a Class of Uncertain Polynomial Systems
Authors: Bai Huihui , Wang Lijun , Jiao Qingchun
Published: October 2022

This paper considers the robust nonlinear mixed H2/H∞ output-feedback control problem for a class of uncertain polynomial systems. Generally, the solvable conditions of such nonlinear output-feedback control problems are nonconvex, whose computations are challenging. By using the semidefinite programming relaxation technique based on sum of squares (SOS) decomposition, the solvable conditions of above control problem are formulated in terms of state-dependent linear matrix equality (LMI), which can be effectively solved. This conversion effectively overcomes the computational difficulties caused by the non-convexity of output-feedback H∞ control design for nonlinear systems. Furthermore, the state-observer and the controller can be designed simultaneously through a single-step SOS condition and constructed in a simple analytical form, thus reducing the computational complexity in a certain degree. In the simulation, the nonlinear mass-spring-damper system is considered to illustrate the effectiveness and feasibility of the proposed approach. The results show that the proposed method not only guarantees the stability of the system, but also has good transient performance and robust performance.
Potential Probiotics Role in Excluding Antibiotic Resistance
Authors: Ahmed Irfan , Li Zhengtian , Shahzad Sharoon , Naveed Saima , Khan Ahmad Kamran , Ahmed Ayesha , Kamran Zahid , Yousaf Muhammad , Ahmad Shakeel , Afzal Gulnaz , Ahmad Hafiz Ishfaq , Yasin Nasim Ahmad , Jia Junjing , Hussain Mubashir , Munir Shahzad
Published: October 2022

Background. Antibiotic supplementation in feed has been continued for the previous 60 years as therapeutic use. They can improve the growth performance and feed efficiency in the chicken flock. A favorable production scenario could favor intestinal microbiota interacting with antibiotic growth promoters and alter the gut bacterial composition. Antibiotic growth promoters did not show any beneficial effect on intestinal microbes. Scope and Approach. Suitable and direct influence of growth promoters are owed to antimicrobial activities that reduce the conflict between host and intestinal microbes. Unnecessary use of antibiotics leads to resistance in microbes, and moreover, the genes can relocate to microbes including Campylobacter and Salmonella, resulting in a great risk of food poisoning. Key Findings and Conclusions. This is a reason to find alternative dietary supplements that can facilitate production, growth performance, favorable pH, and modulate gut microbial function. Therefore, this review focus on different nutritional components and immune genes used in the poultry industry to replace antibiotics, their influence on the intestinal microbiota, and how to facilitate intestinal immunity to overcome antibiotic resistance in chicken.
PROM1 and CTGF Expression in Childhood MLL-Rearrangement Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia
Authors: Wang Lu-lu , Tang Xue , Zhou Guichi , Liu Shilin , Wang Ying , Chen Fen , Li Tonghui , Wen Feiqiu , Liu Sixi , Mai Huirong
Published: October 2022

The prognosis of over 90% of infant acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) remains poor because of harboring the mixed-lineage leukemia gene (MLL) fusion. To give insight into the critical coexpressed genes related to the MLL-rearrangement (MLL-R) gene in childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia, we integrated different bioinformatic methods. First, the gene expression data of MLL-R ALL and normal samples from GSE13159 and GSE13164 were analyzed using “compare” function in the Oncomine database. The top 150 overexpressed and 150 underexpressed genes were identified by the Oncomine website. Then, we employed the Search Tool for the Retrieval of Interacting Genes/Proteins (STRING) to define functional genes for the 300 DEGs. The Cytoscape identified two important networks for overexpressed genes, including 35 functional genes, among which PROM1, FLT3, CTGF, LGALS1, IGFBP7, ZNRF1, and RUNX2 were considered as the key genes because of their high expression in MLL-R ALL compared to the expression in other subclassification of leukemia in the MILE dataset. Further analysis of GSE68720, GSE19475, and Therapeutically Applicable Research to Generate Effective Treatments (TARGET) ALL (phase I) database confirmed the robust expression of 7 key genes in MLL-R compared to MLL-germline (MLL-G) childhood ALL. Kaplan-Meier analysis indicated that childhood ALL patients with high PROM1 and CTGF expression had significantly poor overall survival. These findings suggest that PROM1 and CTGF represent two potential therapeutic targets for childhood MLL-R ALL.
Recurrence Rate and Exploration of Clinical Factors after Pituitary Adenoma Surgery: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis based on Computer Artificial Intelligence System
Authors: Zhang Xianghe , Yang Fan , Han Nianchen
Published: October 2022

Background. The first-line treatment for patients with any type of pituitary adenoma is trans-sphenoidal surgery. Considering the prevalence of the condition globally, the treatment is quite common. The recurrence of pituitary adenoma is a recognized occurrence in the medical field; however, there is limited comprehensive research and analysis of the predictive factors of recurrence rates and the clinical factors impacting relapse rates. Identifying the recurrence rates of pituitary adenomas and the clinical factors associated with them could help increase the remission rate by increasing focus on the specific aspects for early diagnosis and improved treatment. Objective. The objective of the current systematic review and meta-analysis is to assess the recurrent rates based on previous studies and to explore the clinical factors after pituitary surgery. Methods. A search was performed on PubMed, APA PsycINFO, Scopus, CENTRAL, and Google Scholar databases for English articles published from 1st January 2010 to 1st August 2022. Systematic reviews, meta-analysis, evidence syntheses, editorials, commentaries, preclinical studies, abstracts, theses, and preprints were excluded. Meta XL statistical software was used to conduct a prevalence meta-analysis. Results. PubMed, PsycINFO, and Medline databases were searched. All of the articles were written between 2012 and 2022. In the beginning, 612 items were recognized. After removing duplicates and analyzing the remaining articles in terms of inclusion and exclusion criteria, 31 articles remained. Conclusion. There is a relationship between recurrence rates and the follow-up period. There were conflicting results about the clinical factors after pituitary adenoma surgery, specifically age and tumor size. Some included studies that there was an association between macroadenomas and high recurrence rates. No study reported that gender was a clinical factor affecting pituitary adenoma surgery outcomes or the recurrence rate. Studies also reported that there was a correlation between the remnant tumor factor and the recurrence rates; adenoma remnants after surgery increased the risk of recurrence rates for patients.
Nanoplastics as an Invisible Threat to Humans and the Environment
Authors: Joksimovic Nenad , Selakovic Dragica , Jovicic Nemanja , Jankovic Nenad , Pradeepkumar Periyakaruppan , Eftekhari Aziz , Rosic Gvozden
Published: October 2022

The consequence of the unstoppable growth of plastic production and inadequate waste disposal is plastic pollution, which is becoming a global challenge. Large quantities of discarded plastics in the environment are under the direct influence of biotic and abiotic factors, leading to the fragmentation of particles and the formation of tiny particles of plastics or nanoplastics. Nanoplastics are a fast‐growing pollutant that, due to ubiquity in the environment, causes great public concern. It also attracts the attention of scientists in detecting harmful effects on health and the environment. This review is aimed at summarizing all adverse effects of nanoplastics on human health and the environment. Due to their toxic effects, it is necessary to reduce the disposal of plastics in the environment, develop or improve existing methods, and implement legislation that would reduce the release of nanoplastics into the environment. A possible ban or reasonable regulation of nanoplastics in cosmetics or food can be expected only after a critical mass of scientific objections has been created.
Molecular Mechanisms of Antifungal Resistance in Mucormycosis
Authors: Ganesan Priya , Ganapathy Dhanraj , Sekaran Saravanan , Murthykumar Karthikeyan , Sundramoorthy Ashok K. , Pitchiah Sivaperumal , Shanmugam Rajeshkumar
Published: October 2022

Mucormycosis is one among the life‐threatening fungal infections with high morbidity and mortality. It is an uncommon and rare infection targeting people with altered immunity. This lethal infection induced by fungi belonging to the Mucorales family is very progressive in nature. The incidence has increased in recent decades owing to the rise in immunocompromised patients. Disease management involves a multimodal strategy including early administration of drugs and surgical removal of infected tissues. Among the antifungals, azoles and amphotericin B remain the gold standard drugs of choice for initial treatment. The order Mucorales are developing a high level of resistance to the available systemic antifungal drugs, and the efficacy still remains below par. Deciphering the molecular mechanisms behind the antifungal resistance in Mucormycosis would add vital information to our available antifungal armamentarium and design novel therapies. Therefore, in this review, we have discussed the mechanisms behind Mucormycosis antifungal resistance. Moreover, this review also highlights the basic mechanisms of action of antifungal drugs and the resistance landscape which is expected to augment future treatment strategies.
Mechanisms and Drug Intervention for Doxorubicin-Induced Cardiotoxicity Based on Mitochondrial Bioenergetics
Authors: Ling Guanjing , Wang Xiaoping , Tan Nannan , Cao Jing , Li Weili , Zhang Yawen , Jiang Jinchi , Sun Qianbin , Jiang Yanyan , Wang Wei , Wang Yong
Published: October 2022

Doxorubicin (DOX) is an anthracycline chemotherapy drug, which is indispensable in antitumor therapy. However, its subsequent induction of cardiovascular disease (CVD) has become the primary cause of mortality in cancer survivors. Accumulating evidence has demonstrated that cardiac mitochondrial bioenergetics changes have become a significant marker for doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity (DIC). Here, we mainly summarize the related mechanisms of DOX-induced cardiac mitochondrial bioenergetics disorders reported in recent years, including mitochondrial substrate metabolism, the mitochondrial respiratory chain, myocardial ATP storage and utilization, and other mechanisms affecting mitochondrial bioenergetics. In addition, intervention for DOX-induced cardiac mitochondrial bioenergetics disorders using chemical drugs and traditional herbal medicine is also summarized, which will provide a comprehensive process to study and develop more appropriate therapeutic strategies for DIC.
LCTree-Based Approach for Mining Frequent Items in Real-Time
Authors: Chen Jiashun , Chen Jianjing , Zhong Zhaoman , Zhang Hao , Kantardzic Mehmed
Published: October 2022

With the increase of real-time stream data, knowledge discovery from stream data becomes more and more important, which requires an efficient data structure to store transactions and scan sliding windows once to discover frequent itemsets. We present a new method named Linking Compact Tree (LCTree). We designed an algorithm by using an improved data structure to create objective tree, which can find frequent itemsets with linear complexity. Secondly, we can merge items in sliding windows by one scan with Head Linking List data structure. Third, by implementing data structure of Tail Linking List, we can locate the obsolete nodes and remove them easily. Finally, LCTree is able to find all exact frequent items in data stream with reduced time and space complexity by using such a linear data structure. Experiments on datasets with different sizes and types were conducted to compare the proposed LCTree technique with well-known frequent item mining methods including Cantree, FP-tree, DSTree, CPSTree, and Gtree. The results of experiments show presented algorithm has better performance than other methods, and also confirm that it is a promising solution for detecting frequent item sets in real time applications.
A Social Force Evacuation Model with Guides Based on Fuzzy Clustering and a Two-Layer Fuzzy Inference
Authors: Xiao Qian , Li Jiayang
Published: October 2022

Current emergency management research mainly specifies the positions of evacuation guides from a knowledge base of experience, disregarding the subjective perceived decision-making of pedestrians caught in an emergency situation. Therefore, in this paper, a fuzzy inference system for pedestrians to select guides is designed from the perspective of pedestrians, and a crowd evacuation model with guides under limited vision is constructed. First, selecting the indoor evacuation of people with limited vision as the context, the number and optimal initial positions of guides are determined by a Gaussian fuzzy clustering algorithm. Next, a two-layer fuzzy inference system based on a multifactor pedestrian selection guide is established. Then, from the comprehensive perspective of managers and pedestrians, an improved social force evacuation model with guides is constructed. A comparison of the evacuation times and evacuation processes of known methods with different scene population distributions is analyzed through simulations. The results show that the guide setting scheme of the improved model is more conducive to reducing evacuation times and balancing exit utilizations. The model can provide a basis for emergency management decision-making departments to formulate more flexible guidance strategies.
miR-193a-5p Enhances the Radioresistance of Pancreatic Cancer Cells by Targeting ZFP57 and Activating the Wnt Pathway
Authors: Tan Lulu , Chen Zhihua
Published: October 2022

This study was to investigate whether miR-193a-5p and ZFP57 are involved in the radioresistance of pancreatic cancer and to explore its working mechanism. Pancreatic cancer tissues were harvested from patients who achieved CR (complete remission) and PR (partial remission) and those who achieved PD (progressive disease) and SD (stable disease). The mRNA and protein expressions of ZFP57 and miR-193a-5p were determined by RT-qPCR and WB (Western blot), respectively. For in vitro experiments, the parental BxPC-3 cell line was irradiated by X-ray at a total dose of 40 Gy to induce the irradiation-resistant subtype BxPC-3-RR. ZFP57 was downregulated in radioresistant pancreatic cancer cells. The results of dual-luciferase reporter gene assay, RNA pull-down assay, RT-qPCR, and WB confirmed that miR-193a-5p targeted ZFP57 and inhibited ZFP57 expression. The MTT assay and the colony formation assay showed that the radioresistant pancreatic cancer cells had higher viability and survival fraction. The results of WB indicated that in the radioresistant pancreatic cancer cells, the cyclin D1, Bax, CDk4, cleaved caspase-3, Bcl-2, and γ-H2AX proteins were upregulated to varying degrees. The results of the in vitro nude mouse experiment were consistent with those of in vivo experiments. According to the cell transfection and salvage experiments, miR-193a-5p down regulated ZFP57 after radiotherapy. As a result, the Wnt pathway was activated, which further induced radioresistance of pancreatic cancer cells. Our experiments showed that the miR-193a-5p/ZFP57/Wnt pathway mediated the radioresistance of pancreatic cancer cells, providing novel clues for the treatment of pancreatic cancer.
The Construction and Analysis of a ceRNA Network Related to Salt‐Sensitivity Hypertensives
Authors: Liu Xiu-Juan , Yin Hong-Lin , Li Yan , Hao Hao , Liu Yang , Zhao Quan-Lin
Published: October 2022

Background. Salt‐sensitivity hypertensives (SSH) are an independent risk factor for cardiovascular disease. However, the mechanism of SSH is not clear. This study is aimed at constructing a competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) network related to SSH. Methods. Data sets were collected from the Gene Expression Omnibus database (GEO) to extract data on salt sensitivity RNA of patients with or without hypertensives in GSE135111. Firstly, we analyzed differentially expressed genes (DEGs, log2FC ≥ 0.5 and P < 0.05) and differentially expressed lncRNAs (DELs, log2FC ≥1 and P<0.05) between SSH and salt‐sensitive normotension (SSN). Then, the gene ontology (GO), KEGG pathway enrichment analysis, and PPI network construction of DEGs were performed, and the hub genes in the PPI network by cytoHubba (12 methods) were screened out. Finally, a ceRNA network was constructed based on lncRNA‐miRNA‐mRNA pairs and hub genes. Results. 163 DEGs and 65 DELs were screened out. The GO and KEGG pathway analyses of DEGs were mainly enriched in metabolism (e.g., insulin secretion and cellular response to glucagon stimulus and peptidyl‐tyrosine dephosphorylation,) and plasma membrane signaling (e.g., cell adhesion and chemical synaptic transmission and integral component of membrane). Additionally, a ceRNA network, including 1 mRNA (EGLN3), 2 miRNAs (hsa‐miR‐17‐5p and hsa‐miR‐20b‐5p), and 1 lncRNA (C1orf143) was successfully constructed. Conclusions. In conclusion, the proposed ceRNA network may help elucidate the regulatory mechanism by which lncRNAs function as ceRNAs and contribute to the pathogenesis of SSH. Importantly, candidate lncRNAs, miRNAs, and mRNAs can be further evaluated as a potential therapeutic targets for SSH.
Intelligent Strategy of Internet of Things Computing in Badminton Sports Activities
Authors: Xiong Shengyao , Li Xinwei
Published: October 2022

One of the most popular sports in Asia is badminton. Asia has the most talented players in badminton. The players in the conventional badminton teaching are totally reliant on the coach and the fitness instructor. But in today’s technologically advanced world, the educational system has caught up with technology in intelligence. By using the smart technology, the gamers may train on their own. These technologies range from mobile scheduling apps to fitness apps. In this study, a unique intelligent K-Nearest Neighbor algorithm is used, and the outcomes are assessed. Additionally, all conversation is recorded and made available in the database using the Deep K-Nearest Neighbor (DKNN) method. This DKNN model will perform the analysis of neighbor points about the badminton sports activities for training the players with the utilization of Internet of Things (IoT). Results indicate that the suggested DKNN algorithm performed 89% accurately, which is 6.5 percent better than the current sport motion segmentation technique. People may be able to accomplish enough while introducing this method as a real-time application to prepare for subsequent sports and its computing techniques.
High-Temperature Performance Enhancement of Bitumen by Waste PET-Derived Polyurethane
Authors: Mersha Desalegn A. , Sendekie Zenamarkos B.
Published: October 2022

Bitumen performance enhancement through modification by reactive polymers gained significant attention in the road construction industry. Polymeric bitumen additives, such as polyurethane, improve bitumen properties at low and high in-service temperatures. This research aimed to increase the polymer content (polyurethane) from 3% to 5%wt of bitumen by introducing cross-linking agent, sulfur. Synthesis of polyurethane was via in situ polymerization of bis (2-hydroxyethyl) terephthalamide (BHETA) in the presence of bitumen with sulfur as a cross-linking agent. BHETA was produced from polyethylene terephthalate (PET) by an aminolysis reaction. Penetration and softening point, frequency sweep test, performance grade (PG) and multiple stress creep recovery (MSCR) were evaluated to compare base and modified bitumen. Results show that the penetration and softening point of modified binders were reduced and increased, respectively, the frequency sweep test indicated improvement in viscoelastic properties of modified bitumen, PG of base bitumen was enhanced by two grades, i.e., from 58°C to 70°C, and the nonrecoverable creep compliance was increased by 81.82% at polymer content of 4% and sulfur content of 0.2%. The FTIR spectra of modified bitumen confirmed the formation of urethane linkages. Therefore, aminolysis of waste PET and in-situ polymerization to produce polyurethane can be applied to improve the performance of bitumen at high temperatures.
Efficacy of Acupoint Application on In Vitro Fertilization Outcome in Patients with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: A UHPLC-MS-Based Metabolomic Study
Authors: Yu Lingyu , Xia Qingchang , Sun Zhengao , Song Jingyan
Published: October 2022

Objective. To explore the clinical effect of acupoint application on the outcome of in vitro fertilization-embryo transfer (IVF-ET) in patients with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) of the phlegm-dampness type and elucidate its possible mechanism of action from the perspective of follicular fluid metabolomics. Methods. A total of 90 patients undergoing IVF-ET due to infertility were selected and divided into three groups: the treatment group (PCOS with acupoint application, n = 30), the control group (PCOS without acupoint application, n = 30), and the normal group (non-PCOS, n = 30). All patients received a gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonist (GnRH-a) long protocol for controlled ovarian hyperstimulation (COH). Among them, the treatment group was also given the acupoint application from the day of pituitary downregulation to the day of the human chorionic gonadotrophin (hCG) trigger. Ultrahigh-performance liquid chromatography connected with quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UHPLC-MS) was adopted for untargeted metabolomic analysis of follicular fluid collected from the three groups of patients on the day of oocyte pick-up (OPU). The significantly differential metabolites were screened using univariate and multivariate statistical analysis, and the related metabolic pathways were identified by the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway analysis. Results. Metabolomic analysis showed that the treatment group’s follicular fluid samples were aggregated with the normal group and separated from the control group. A total of 34 significantly differential metabolites were found in the follicular fluid of patients with phlegm-dampness PCOS and normal people. With the intervention of acupoint application, seven metabolites (pseudouridine, phenol, 2-oxoadipic acid, 9R,10S-EpOME, DL-lactate, nicotinamide, and DL-indole-3-lactic acid) were all downregulated, mainly involving the pathways of pyruvate metabolism, nicotinate and nicotinamide metabolism, protein digestion and absorption, biosynthesis of amino acids, and pyrimidine metabolism. Conclusions. Acupoint application can effectively improve the clinical symptoms and the outcome of IVF-ET treatment in patients with PCOS of the phlegm-dampness type, and its mechanism of action may be related to the regulation of the pathways of pyruvate metabolism, nicotinate and nicotinamide metabolism, protein digestion and absorption, biosynthesis of amino acids, and pyrimidine metabolism.
A Spatio-Temporal Attention Mechanism Based Approach for Remaining Useful Life Prediction of Turbofan Engine
Authors: Peng Cheng , Wu Jiaqi , Tang Zhaohui , Yuan Xinpan , Li Changyun
Published: October 2022

The time-series data generated by turbofan engines has a great degree of complexity and dynamics. At present, recurrent neural networks are commonly used to model and forecast the remaining useful life (RUL). The relationship of the sample data is not taken into account, and there are issues such as gradient explosion. In view of this, a spatio-temporal attention model is proposed, which comprehensively relates to the temporal association of data features and the hidden state of data features in space. At the same time, position coding is performed on the temporal relationship, avoiding the use of recurrent neural networks. Experimental results show that by combining the two dimensions, the predictive performance of the model is significantly improved. Compared with different methods on the four data sets of the commercial modular aerospace propulsion system simulation (C-MAPSS), the stability and prediction accuracy of the spatio-temporal attention model are better than that of alternative methods.
Prevalence, Antimicrobial Resistance, and Molecular Description of Pseudomonas aeruginosa Isolated from Meat and Meat Products
Authors: Rezaloo Manizhe , Motalebi Abbasali , Mashak Zohreh , Anvar Amirali
Published: October 2022

Resistant and virulent Pseudomonas aeruginosa (P. aeruginosa) bacteria are measured as the major cause of food spoilage and food-borne diseases. This survey assesses the prevalence, antibiotic resistance properties, and virulence factors distribution in P. aeruginosa bacteria isolated from meat and meat products. A total of 370 raw, frozen, and imported bovine meat samples and diverse types of meat product samples were collected from Alborz province, Iran. P. aeruginosa bacteria were identified by culture. Disk diffusion was used to assess the antibiotic resistance of bacteria. Furthermore, the PCR was used to assess the virulence and antibiotic resistance genes. Twenty nine out of 370 (7.83%) samples were contaminated with P. aeruginosa. Imported frozen bovine meat (20%) harbored the highest distribution, while sausage (2%) harbored the lowest. High resistance rates were observed toward ampicillin (89.65%), penicillin (86.20%), tetracycline (82.75%), cefoxitin (37.93%), gentamicin (34.48%), and clindamycin (31.03%). The most commonly detected antibiotic resistance genes were blaDHA (93.10%), blaCTX-M (83.65%), and blaSHV (48.27%). BlaDHA (93.10%), blaCTX-M (83.65%), and blaSHV (48.27%) were the most frequently detected resistance genes. The most commonly detected virulence genes were exoS (75.86%), lasA (68.96%), exoU (58.62%), lasB (51.72%), plcH (48.27%), and algD (44.82%). Meat and meat product samples may be sources of P. aeruginosa, which show an important threat to their consumption. Nevertheless, additional inquiries are obligatory to find supplementary epidemiological properties of P. aeruginosa in meat and meat product samples.
Safety and Efficacy of Intraventricular Immunovirotherapy with Oncolytic HSV-1 for CNS Cancers
Authors: Kang Kyung-Don , Bernstock Joshua D. , Totsch Stacie K. , Gary Sam E. , Rocco Abbey , Nan Li , Li Rong , Etminan Tina , Han Xiaosi , Beierle Elizabeth A. , Eisemann Tanja , Wechsler-Reya Robert J. , Bae Sejong , Whitley Richard , Gillespie G. Yancey , Markert James M. , Friedman Gregory K.
Published: October 2022

Purpose:

Oncolytic virotherapy with herpes simplex virus-1 (HSV) has shown promise for the treatment of pediatric and adult brain tumors; however, completed and ongoing clinical trials have utilized intratumoral/peritumoral oncolytic HSV (oHSV) inoculation due to intraventricular/intrathecal toxicity concerns. Intratumoral delivery requires an invasive neurosurgical procedure, limits repeat injections, and precludes direct targeting of metastatic and leptomeningeal disease. To address these limitations, we determined causes of toxicity from intraventricular oHSV and established methods for mitigating toxicity to treat disseminated brain tumors in mice.

Experimental Design:

HSV-sensitive CBA/J mice received intraventricular vehicle, inactivated oHSV, or treatment doses (1×107 plaque-forming units) of oHSV, and toxicity was assessed by weight loss and IHC. Protective strategies to reduce oHSV toxicity, including intraventricular low-dose oHSV or interferon inducer polyinosinic-polycytidylic acid (poly I:C) prior to oHSV treatment dose, were evaluated and then utilized to assess intraventricular oHSV treatment of multiple models of disseminated CNS disease.

Results:

A standard treatment dose of intraventricular oHSV damaged ependymal cells via virus replication and induction of CD8+ T cells, whereas vehicle or inactivated virus resulted in no toxicity. Subsequent doses of intraventricular oHSV caused little additional toxicity. Interferon induction with phosphorylation of eukaryotic initiation factor-2α (eIF2α) via intraventricular pretreatment with low-dose oHSV or poly I:C mitigated ependyma toxicity. This approach enabled the safe delivery of multiple treatment doses of clinically relevant oHSV G207 and prolonged survival in disseminated brain tumor models.

Conclusions:

Toxicity from intraventricular oHSV can be mitigated, resulting in therapeutic benefit. These data support the clinical translation of intraventricular G207.
Colorectal Cancer Metastases in the Liver Establish Immunosuppressive Spatial Networking between Tumor-Associated SPP1+ Macrophages and Fibroblasts
Authors: Sathe Anuja , Mason Kaishu , Grimes Susan M. , Zhou Zilu , Lau Billy T. , Bai Xiangqi , Su Andrew , Tan Xiao , Lee HoJoon , Suarez Carlos J. , Nguyen Quan , Poultsides George , Zhang Nancy R. , Ji Hanlee P.
Published: October 2022

Purpose:

The liver is the most frequent metastatic site for colorectal cancer. Its microenvironment is modified to provide a niche that is conducive for colorectal cancer cell growth. This study focused on characterizing the cellular changes in the metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC) liver tumor microenvironment (TME).

Experimental Design:

We analyzed a series of microsatellite stable (MSS) mCRCs to the liver, paired normal liver tissue, and peripheral blood mononuclear cells using single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq). We validated our findings using multiplexed spatial imaging and bulk gene expression with cell deconvolution.

Results:

We identified TME-specific SPP1-expressing macrophages with altered metabolism features, foam cell characteristics, and increased activity in extracellular matrix (ECM) organization. SPP1+ macrophages and fibroblasts expressed complementary ligand–receptor pairs with the potential to mutually influence their gene-expression programs. TME lacked dysfunctional CD8 T cells and contained regulatory T cells, indicative of immunosuppression. Spatial imaging validated these cell states in the TME. Moreover, TME macrophages and fibroblasts had close spatial proximity, which is a requirement for intercellular communication and networking. In an independent cohort of mCRCs in the liver, we confirmed the presence of SPP1+ macrophages and fibroblasts using gene-expression data. An increased proportion of TME fibroblasts was associated with the worst prognosis in these patients.

Conclusions:

We demonstrated that mCRC in the liver is characterized by transcriptional alterations of macrophages in the TME. Intercellular networking between macrophages and fibroblasts supports colorectal cancer growth in the immunosuppressed metastatic niche in the liver. These features can be used to target immune-checkpoint–resistant MSS tumors.
Effect of Prenatal Omega-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid Supplementation on Childhood Eczema: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Jia Yin , Huang Yafang , Wang Huili , Jiang Haili
Published: October 2022

It is uncertain about the effect of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid (ω-3 PUFA) supplementation during pregnancy on the incidence of eczema among children. The aim of this review was to test if there is an effect of ω-3 PUFA supplementation during pregnancy on the risk of eczema among children of different ages. Two authors independently carried out the selection of published works, data extraction, and evaluation of the likelihood of bias. The PubMed, Medline, the Cochrane Library, Web of Science, and Embase databases updated to the date of March 2021 have been researched thoroughly for literature review. Quality Assessment of studies was evaluated using the updated tool (Rob2) provided by the Cochrane collaboration group. Six unique randomized controlled trials from 7 studies including 1,646 mother-infant pairs were contained in this review. Pooled data showed no pronounced decline in the incidence of eczema (RR = 1.09, 95% CI = 0.82~1.46, p = 0.54) or IgE-associated eczema (RR = 0.67; 95% CI = 0.29~1.57; p = 0.34). However, the subgroup analyses on “IgE-associated eczema” showed a significant decrease among the “≤3-year-old children” (RR = 0.70; 95% CI = 0.50~0.96; p = 0.03) in the ω-3 PUFAs group compared with the placebo. Supplementing the maternal diet with ω-3 PUFAs during pregnancy cannot reduce the danger of eczema or IgE-associated eczema among all children; however, there may be a subgroup-specific effect on 3-year-old or even younger children in reducing the incidence of IgE-associated eczema.
Effectiveness of Low-Frequency Electrical Stimulation for Radical Hysterectomy Women: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Liu Ye , Li Mei-Fei , Li Meng-Yuan , Chen Innie , Xie Ri-Hua , Yan Xiao-Ying
Published: October 2022

Introduction: The aim of the study was to explore the effects of low-frequency electrical stimulation (LFES) in preventing urinary retention after radical hysterectomy (RH) in women with cervical cancer. Methods: Seven electronic bibliographic databases were searched from inception to December 25, 2021. The mean difference (MD) or risk ratio (RR) with its corresponding 95% CI was selected as effect size. The meta-analysis of all data was conducted using RevMan 5.4 and the evidence was summarized according to GRADE (the grading of recommendation, assessment, development, and evaluation). Results: Twelve randomized control trials consisting of 1,033 women with cervical cancer who had undergone RH were included. Compared with women in the control group, women receiving LFES had improved therapeutic effect (RR = 0.22, 95% CI: 0.16–0.29) and reduced residual urine volume (MD = −32.27, 95% CI: −34.10 to −30.43) and catheter retention time (MD = −4.46, 95% CI: −5.17 to −3.76) following treatment. Muscle strength scores of pelvic floor type I and type II muscle fibers in the LFES group were also higher than in the control group (MD = 1.07, 95% CI: 0.91–1.24). Conclusion: LFES may be an effective auxiliary treatment for women with cervical cancer after hysterectomy, which can help reduce the duration of indwelling urethral catheter and residual urine volume.
Getting in a Spin over the Therapeutic Process: QBism and a Gyroscopic Model of the Vital Force
Authors: Milgrom Lionel R.
Published: October 2022

Background: In the previous paper, a relatively new interpretation of quantum theory called quantum Bayesianism or QBism was introduced as an alternative quantum metaphor for the therapeutic process (TP). This is because previous metaphors have been based on conventional quantum theory (CQT) and its notion that quantum states belong to a strongly objective shared reality. QBism says no: quantum states are subjective degrees of belief made by the individual agents assigning those states. This suggests QBism’s explicit subjectivity is more in line with practitioners’ (Pr) and patient’s (Px) implicitly subjective TP experience. Objective: The objective was to investigate the impact on this suggestion of a gyroscopic model of the vital force, Vf. Method: Based on an original starting wavefunction for the Vf, a sequence of equations and transformations between them are generated and then interpreted as the Vf interacting with and moving into and out of disease (Dx) states, in essence, a physics of health. Results and Conclusion: These equations and their transformations manage to predict (a) homeopathic aggravation from the curative remedy (Rx), and (b) the logic behind Hahnemann’s development of the LM potencies. Further, displaying these equations and their interactions pictorially and geometrically (as a stellated octahedron) suggests that the recently developed gyroscopic model for the Vf supports a metaphor for the TP (based on the subjectivity explicit in QBism) that is indeed viable and potentially superior to previous metaphors based on the strong objectivity of CQT.
Primary Malignant Brain Tumors following Systemic Malignancies: A Population-Based Analysis
Authors: Wang Yubo , Wang Ziqian , Hua Cong , Xu Ying , Li Yunqian , Zhao Gang
Published: October 2022

Background: Several reports have described glioma following different cancers. We assessed the prevalence of primary malignant brain tumors afterward systemic malignancies in patients in the USA based on Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) program data. Methods: The detailed data of patients with primary malignant brain tumors following an initial malignant tumor outside the central nervous system were extracted from SEER. Descriptive statistics were used to analyze patient demographic and clinical characteristics. We also extracted standardized incidence ratios (SIRs) stratified by age, race, sex, history of radiation or chemotherapy, histology findings, and primary cancer site. Results: We identified 5,212 patients diagnosed with primary malignant brain tumors following systemic malignancies. Most patients had prostate cancer, breast cancer, and skin melanoma as the primary cancer. The median duration between the first diagnosis of cancer and that of the subsequent malignant brain tumor was 53 months. Glioblastoma was the most common subsequent malignant brain tumor type. The prognosis after subsequent malignant brain tumor diagnosis was poor. The SIRs differed most by race, cancer site, and cancer type. Patients with acute lymphocytic leukemia had the highest risk of developing primary malignant brain tumors. Conclusion: Our study provides a comprehensive analysis of clinical data and the SIRs of patients with primary malignant brain tumors afterward other systemic malignancies. Genetic relationships might play a key role in subsequent malignant brain tumor origin. Our data provide directions for future studies exploring the hidden associations between systemic malignancies and primary malignant brain tumors.
In Silico Analysis and 3D Structure Prediction of Putative UDP-Glycosyltransferase 76G1 Protein in Stevia rebaudiana MS007
Authors:   Department of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, The National University of Malaysia 43600, Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia, Mokhtar Nor , Samsulrizal Muhammad ,   Department of Plant Science, Kulliyyah of Science, International Islamic University of Malaysia, Bandar Indera Mahkota, 25200, Kuantan, Pahang, Malaysia, Khan Afiqah ,   Department of Plant Science, Kulliyyah of Science, International Islamic University of Malaysia, Bandar Indera Mahkota, 25200, Kuantan, Pahang, Malaysia, Zainuddin Zarina ,   Plant Productivity and Sustainable Resource Unit, Kuliyyah of Science, International Islamic University Malaysia, Bandar Indera Mahkota, 25200, Kuantan, Pahang, Malaysia, Sundram Tamil ,   Department of Plant Science, Kulliyyah of Science, International Islamic University of Malaysia, Bandar Indera Mahkota, 25200, Kuantan, Pahang, Malaysia, Yusof Nik ,   Institute for Research in Molecular Medicine (INFORMM), Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian, 15200 Kota Bharu, Kelantan, Malaysia, Samsulrizal Nurul ,   Department of Plant Science, Kulliyyah of Science, International Islamic University of Malaysia, Bandar Indera Mahkota, 25200, Kuantan, Pahang, Malaysia
Published: October 2022

Stevia rebaudiana is a plant of the Asteraceae family that is used as a natural sweetener. Stevia has been shown to be safe for human consumption and has been utilised as a sweetener substitute for diabetic and obese people. In this study, the structure and gene content involved in the synthesis of putative UDP-glycosyltransferase 76G1 (UGT76G1) protein in S. rebaudiana MS007 were analysed using an in-silico method. Homologous search using BlastP revealed the highest percentage of identity, score, and E-value for UDP-glycosyltransferase 76G1-like of Helianthus annuus (ID: XP_021973845.1). The presence of IPR002213 UDP-glucuronosyl/UDP-glucosyltransferase entry, which is available at locations 89bp to 246 bp, was also verified by the protein family search using InterPro. MEGA-X software was used to construct a molecular phylogeny study, revealing that this protein belongs to the Asteraceae family. To predict the primary, secondary, and tertiary protein structures of the putative UGT76G1 protein, the ProtParam, ExPasy, PSIPRED, and Phyre2 programmes were implemented. The putative UGT76G1 protein’s tertiary structure prediction was given a score of 100.0% confidence by the single highest scoring template and a coverage of 98%, with the dimension of the model being (Å) of X: 52.453, Y: 61.270, and Z: 48.102. The UGT76G1 model fulfilled the quality standards and was approved for further analysis after validation performed by PROCHECK, VERIFY3D, and ERRAT. Thus, the findings of this work have contributed to a better knowledge of putative UDP-glycosyltransferase 76G1 features and target recognition processes, which will lead to better information on protein-protein interaction in S. rebaudiana MS007. Keywords: Phylogenetic, Stevia rebaudiana, UGT76G1, 3D Structure Prediction
The Evaluation of Biochemical Parameters of Ethanolic Extract of Lepidium meyenii in Male Wistar Rats
Authors:   Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Life Sciences, P.M.B. 1515, University of Ilorin, Ilorin, Kwara State, Nigeria, Muritala Hamdalat , Oyewusi Habeebat ,   Enzyme Technology and Green Synthesis Group, Faculty of Science, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310 UTM Johor, Malaysia, Ogunlana Tobiloba ,   Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Life Sciences, P.M.B. 1515, University of Ilorin, Ilorin, Kwara State, Nigeria, Ajakaiye Loveth ,   Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Life Sciences, P.M.B. 1515, University of Ilorin, Ilorin, Kwara State, Nigeria, Aina Kahinde ,   Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Life Sciences, P.M.B. 1515, University of Ilorin, Ilorin, Kwara State, Nigeria, Ibrahim Waleed ,   Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Life Sciences, P.M.B. 1515, University of Ilorin, Ilorin, Kwara State, Nigeria, Ogunyinka Fiyinfoluwa ,   Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Life Sciences, P.M.B. 1515, University of Ilorin, Ilorin, Kwara State, Nigeria, Aliyu Halimat ,   Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Life Sciences, P.M.B. 1515, University of Ilorin, Ilorin, Kwara State, Nigeria, Bewaji Clement ,   Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Life Sciences, P.M.B. 1515, University of Ilorin, Ilorin, Kwara State, Nigeria
Published: October 2022

he effects of ethanolic extract of Lepidium meyenii on some biochemical parameters were investigated with the purpose of in vivo safety evaluation of the extract. Forty male Wistar rats were grouped into five groups of eight animals each. Group A served as the control and received distilled water throughout the period of administration while groups B, C, D, and E received 25, 50, 75, and 100 mg/kg body weight of ethanolic extract of L. meyenii respectively for seven and fourteen days. After seven days of the administration, four animals from each of the groups were sacrificed and the rest were sacrificed after fourteen days, and biochemical alterations were monitored. The effects after the seven-day administration revealed that there was no significant (p > 0.05) difference in organ-body weight percentage, liver functional indices, kidney functional indices and the activity of some cytosolic and membrane-bound enzymes studied but following the fourteen-day administration, a significant difference (p < 0.05) were observed with increase in organ-body weight percentage of selected organs, increase in serum activity of the enzymes: ALT, AST, ALP; and aberrant variation in the kidney functional indices studied at the 50, 75 and 100 mg/kg body weight showing selective toxicity of the extract. Inconclusive results were obtained in the analysis of the seminal parameters for both the seven- and fourteen-day administration while similar effects on hematological parameters were observed for both the sevenand fourteen-day administration. This study showed that the extract may be hepatotoxic and nephrotoxic when administered beyond seven days in male Wistar rats especially at 100 mg/kg body weight. Keywords: Cytosolic, Haematology, Hepatotoxic, Membrane, Nephrotoxic