bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Simulation and analysis of open raceway pond system at Manit, Bhopal
Authors: Arora Soni Ruma , Sudhakar K , Rana R S
Published: June 2020

Microalgae can become completely faster than terrestrial plants and are a successful feedstock for viable appreciation including items that envelop pharmaceuticals, neutraceuticals, proteins and most significantly biofuels. Since the biomass productivity of microalgae absolutely depends emphatically on the temperature of development, point-by-point data on the temperature of the reactor as a component of time and topographic area is essential to assess the sincere capability of microalgae as a traditional feedstock. Microalgae is indeed a promising source of renewable biofuels, and techno-financial upgrades can be made by improving and controlling the stage of biomass development. This research explores the improved performance of a first-standard green growth development display that encompasses the effect of regular (and such) notions of climate in an open system related to creation. Thus, the simulation of the procedure is stochastic just as basic; it helps restore the dissemination of outcomes from normal changeability that speak to the daily acknowledgement. It also communicates variety day-to-night in the vitality based on cycling sunlight. The simulation is then used to optimize the design of the pond and the manages (growth time, depth of the raceway, pH control, etc.) to enhance protability. Because the simulation is stochastic, nonlinear, and with different optima, an optimization method for multiplayer direct inquiry is used with relentless state assembly criteria. Conclusions are that (1) representing common variety in optimization prompts detectable protability improvement, (2) model impact investigation uncovers where key science exploration is expected to support basic techno-monetary wonders, and (3) the stochastic optimization approach is broadly relevant.
Investigation on the nonlinear dynamic response of a mass-spring system
Authors: Bahari A R , Yunus M A , Abdul Rani M N , Aziz Shah M A S , Wan Iskandar Mirza W I I , Peter C
Published: June 2020

This paper investigates the nonlinear dynamic response of a single-degree-of-freedom mass-spring system. The experimental modal analysis is carried out by three typical types of spectral testing which are burst random, sine testing and periodic chirp excitation to achieve the objective of this study. The experimental data from the burst random excitation is used to identify the natural frequency of the system. The nonlinear dynamic response of the system is detected by means of using the sine testing and periodic chirp excitation. However, from the sine testing, the results showed that the variations of the maximum peak of the vibration acceleration based on the different levels of excitation voltage that were applied to the input shaker. It was also found that the displacement values obtained from the periodic chirp excitation showed an inconsistent linear increment with the excitation level that applied to the mass-spring system.
Development of temperature-insensitive fibre bragg grating pressure transducer
Authors: Hafizi Z M , Aizuddin A M , Vorathin E
Published: June 2020

In this work, the development of an aluminium diaphragm fibre Bragg grating (FBG) pressure transducer with temperature compensation strategy is presented. One of the big challenges for the applications of an FBG pressure transducer is the inconsistency in output wavelength due to temperature variations. This situation leads to huge uncertainties in pressure readings. The aim of this article is to present how to eliminate the effects of temperature variations to the pressure measurements. Two FBG sensors were used; namely as FBG 1 and FBG 2. These FBGs were bonded each one on the diaphragm and base surface of the pressure transducer. The strain readings by the FBG on the diaphragm was normalized by the FBG reference which was pasted on the transducer’s base. This temperature compensation strategy was successful and the FBG pressure transducer was proven to be suitable for pressure measurement of gas with an average error of 2.32%. Besides, the result also shows that, for pressure ranging from 0 to 0.5 MPa, the FBG pressure transduced has sensitivity of 2.8485 nm/MPa with linear fitting coefficient of 99.97%.
Qualitative investigations on the stability of Al2O3-SiO2 hybrid water-based nanofluids
Authors: Ismail H , Sulaiman M Z , Aizzat M A H
Published: June 2020

Qualitative experiments were carried out to investigate the stability of Al2O3-SiO2 hybrid water-based nanofluids. The main nanoparticles used in this work were Al2O3 and SiO2 since these types of nanoparticles has been widely used and proposed in many applications and information on their hybrid dispersion stability characteristic are still elusive. The present work demonstrated the stability of Al2O3-SiO2 hybrid nanofluids using various preparation techniques and successively elucidating the optimum preparation method for hybrid nanofluid. The hybrid water-based nanofluid were prepared by dispersing a 50:50 ratio of Al2O3-SiO2 nanoparticles into distilled water to achieve total volume concentration of C=0.001, 0.01 and 0.1 vol%. Successively, the hybrid nanofluids were prepared using magnetic stirrer and ultrasonic bath. The samples are categorised into five preparation method which are: (i) 1 hour sonication, (ii) 1 hour magnetic stirrer, (iii) 0.25 hour magnetic stirrer and 1 hour sonication, and (iv) 0.5 hour magnetic stirrer and 1 hour sonication and (v) without magnetic stirring and sonication. The height of sedimentation and colloidal stability of each preparation methods were observed in the duration of 2 weeks. In the present work, it was observed that the dispersion stability of hybrid nanofluids prepared by applying magnetic stirrer for 15 minutes with prior to 1 hour of sonication had demonstrated the highest stability indicated by the lowest height of sedimentation and high colloidal stability.
Experimental study on dynamic viscosity of aqueous-based nanofluids with an addition of ethylene glycol
Authors: Safiei W , Rahman M M , Musfirah A H , Maleque M A , Singh R
Published: June 2020

In this study, the effect of adding different nanoparticles in the mixture of deionised water and ethylene glycol on dynamic viscosity is investigated experimentally. In order to prepare for single nanofluids, the dry nanoparticles of SiO2, Al2O3 and ZrO2 were dispersed into 60% volume of deionised water and 40% volume of ethylene glycol as a base fluid using a two-step method. The experiments were performed in the temperature range of 30°C and 70°C and weight fraction ranging between 0.1wt.% and 1wt%. No surfactant used in preparing the nanofluids. The dynamic viscosity data were collected using DV-II+ Pro Brookfield viscometer. The single, dual-hybrid and tri-hybrid aqueous based nanofluids dynamic viscosity results are explicitly presented. From the results, it is exhibited that nanofluid viscosity decreases with increasing liquid temperature and increases with increasing of nanoparticles volume concentration. The viscosity decreases with increasing of deionised water volume percentage in the base fluid. Zirconia single nanofluid at 1wt.% recorded 2.5 times maximum enhancement of viscosity over the base fluid. The results display that single nanofluids have higher dynamic viscosity compared to hybrid nanofluids.
Effect of nanocellulose with ethylene glycol for automotive radiator application
Authors: Naiman I , Ramasamy D , Kadirgama K
Published: June 2020

One of the effort to increase the effectiveness of radiator is by adding nanocellulose in radiator coolant. Furthermore, the percentage of nanocelluose plays an important role to make sure that the amount of heat transfer can be increased by increasing the percentage of nanopcellulose. The nanocelluose is used in this experiment as the nanoparticles In addition, Nanofluids are suspensions of nanoparticles in base fluids, a new challenge for thermal sciences provided by nanotechnology. Nanofluids have unique features different from conventional solid-liquid mixtures in which mm or μm sized particles of metals and non-metals are dispersed. Due to their excellent characteristics, nanofluids find wide applications in enhancing heat transfer. Radiator was modelled using One-Dimensional simulation software to predict the performance characteristics and effectiveness of the radiator with addition of nanoparticles. Besides that, method of using micro channels and fins to extend the cooling rate of a radiator ended up being a traditional technology which already reached to its maximum limit. Moreover, heat transfer coefficient of cellulose nanofluids can be increased by increasing the size of the radiator. Increase in size of radiator may enhance better and help to increase the rate of heat transfer. In addition, it clearly states that when the flow rate of the coolant or working fluid in the radiator cooling system increase the rate of heat transfer also is increases.
Improvement of heat transfer for DC motor windings
Authors: Chong C H , Rasid M A H
Published: June 2020

Temperature rise due to energy losses in the windings can reduce the performance of a motor as well as its service life. High temperature will damage the insulation on the windings and can eventually cause a short circuit that will permanently destroy the motor. Two different modifications which are internal modification and external modification will be implemented on a DC motor in order to improve the heat dissipation rate. Internal modification is responsible to improve the heat transfer rate between the windings and the casing while on the other hand, external modification will improve the heat transfer rate between the casing and the ambient air. In order to come out with effective strategies to improve the rate of heat transfer of a DC motor, different components temperature in a DC motor will be studied thoroughly to understand which component in a DC motor is affected the most by the heat waste produced when current is allowed to flow through the windings. Three different designs for heat sink which is also the external modification will be analysed in this paper to understand the relationship of their respective geometry and their heat transfer performance. By allocating the same amount of material for each heat sink modification, we can identify which design can increase the natural heat convection of the DC motor by the largest margin. Furthermore, comparison between the internal modification and external modification are studied to determine which method is more effective in removing the heat waste generated by the windings.
Quasi steady state of nucleate boiling heat transfer in low concentration of single and hybrid Al2O3-SiO2 water-based nanofluids
Authors: Aizzat M A H , Sulaiman M Z , Okawa T
Published: June 2020

Experiment were carried out to clarify the steady state condition of heat transfer coefficient (HTC) for single and hybrid Al2O3-SiO2 water-based nanofluids in low concentration of nucleate pool boiling. Al2O3 and SiO2 were chosen and ultra-sonification for 1 hour after being diluted in distilled water. The total of 0.001 vol.% concentration was divided into composition ratio of 0:100, 25:72, 50:50, 75:25, 100:0 for hybrid nanofluids. Successively, all the HTC values were collected through experimental works. In the present work, it was found that the steady stated for single and hybrid nanofluids were achieved except for single SiO2 nanofluid where even after 5 hours, the value of its ΔTW keep on decreasing. The nanoparticles deposited on the surface heater were suspected as the main factor for the current experimental results.
Comparative study statically determined trusses with trapezoidal and parabolic shape with large span
Authors: Botiș M F , Doșa A
Published: June 2020

In this work the authors propose a parametric study for beams with the opening of 30 m and 60 m. The analysed structures are statically determined and the optimal height and the related weight were established based on strength and stability conditions of structure elements. The structure analysis was performed using a program developed in the Matlab environment based on the displacement method. The analysed beams are manufactured of S355 steel bars with annular section. The beams were analysed for loads applied both the upper and lower nodes of structures. Based on the obtained results a comparison was made concerning the efficient use of material used for the trusses in respect to their weight.
GIS-based landslide susceptibility for environment protection of Black Sea Romanian coast
Authors: Buta C , Maftei C , Dobrica G , Draghici G
Published: June 2020

In the last decades the landslide assessment plays a crucial role in land use development in order to minimize the negative effect of economic live and people’s health. This paper present a GIS based landslide susceptibility assessment. This model is applied on the Littoral Coast line from Constanta to 2 Mai village, which is about 50 km along the Black Sea coast, crossing the Danube – Black Sea Channel at Agigea and passing through several resorts – Eforie Nord, Eforie Sud, Techirghiol, Costinesti and Mangalia. The data used are: geological map (lithology per geologic group), topographic maps of relevant scale to define slope angle (β), and some geotechnical parameters per geological group. For each of them a GIS map was produced. Based on the research results, we could conclude that Landslide Susceptibility Area (LSA) maps represent a great tool used in the identification of areas predisposed to landslides and could be used as support in the decision-maker process in order to propose environmental work protection or county planning.
Adding a masonry floor on top of a reinforced concrete high building in a seismic area
Authors: Constantinescu S
Published: June 2020

The paper studies the influence of adding an aerated autoclaved concrete (AAC) masonry walls story above a reinforced concrete structure of a high building. This structure is situated in a high seismic area (0.30g, where g is the gravity acceleration) in Bucharest, Romania. The new story will be lightweight because of the AAC. It is necessary to establish if the existing structure can bare the new story gravity loads and to determine the new building’s seismic behaviour. It is also determined if the new AAC masonry walls can bare the seismic loads they are to be subjected to. Both elastic and plastic analysis are present in the study.
The thermal field analysis of the rotary kiln for the cement plants by means of the image processing techniques
Authors: Danila A , Tamas F L
Published: June 2020

The implementation of the image processing techniques for the analysis of the thermal field images captured with infrared scanners from the shield of the rotary kilns increase the quality of the information required for the optimization, monitoring and failure prevention of the kiln. In this work, authors presented a method that implement advanced algorithms such as the Radon transform, the segmentation and labeling of images for estimating the space-distributed, parametric model of the kiln’s thermal field. The aim of the investigation is analyzing the similarities/differences between the thermal profile of the kiln and the kiln’s maintenance events. The implementation of the proposed method proved that the correlations between the changes of the thermal profile and the renewal of the thermal coating of the kiln may be well emphasized. In this perspective, this method is suitable for building a thermal profile of the kiln during an entire maintenance time span.
Development of experimental designs of the integrated heater for the disposal of low-potential waste heat of ventilation emissions
Authors: Ezhov V S , Semicheva N S , Burtsev A P , Ermakov D A , Perepelitsa N S
Published: June 2020

The aim of the study is to develop an experimental design of a complex air heater, conduct and analysis of the experiments, as well as to determine the main characteristics of the thermo-electric generator during the utilization of low-potential heat-La exhaust gases. The experimental setup consists of two units – thermoelectric generator operating on the principle of cross-heat exchanger heat exchange for heat recovery with parallel warmed of the supply air, which is supplied in the form of a mixture in the burner boiler unit and adsorber unit, filled blast furnace slag for the purification of waste gases from nitrogen oxides, c and carbon.
The mechanical properties and the freeze-thaw resistance of an ecological micro concrete made with sunflower stalks
Authors: Gradinaru C M , Serbanoiu A A , Muntean R
Published: June 2020

The aim of this study was to analyze the density, compressive strength, tensile strength and the freeze-thaw resistance of a cement micro concrete made with sunflower stalks that replaced 20%, 35%, 50%, 60%, 80% and 100% of the sand from its composition. The results showed, in general, a decrease of the analyzed properties, but the use of 20% and 35% sunflower stalk aggregates led to the improvement of the splitting tensile strength. A significant advantage of this type of micro concrete was its density, being obtained a lightweight building material, with up to 822 kg/m3.
Design of flow measurement system based on LabVIEW
Authors: Hao H , Zhang H L
Published: June 2020

The traditional flow meter is installed in the pipeline, not only to increase initial investment and cause stress loss to the system, but also to use a large amount of manpower and material resources in the data recording. In some areas that are not easily measured, such as buried in the ground, it can be difficult to measure. In order to solve these problems, based on the LabVIEW2013 as platforms and the hardware of sensor and data acquisition card, combined with the serial communication program to design the flow measurement system, getting traffic through the information collected data and the data acquisition card to convey in the program, get traffic after processing, according to flow to calculate the hydraulic balance, judging by the imbalance rate and the degree of hydraulic balance pipeline system is in a state of hydraulic balance. At last, through the actual test analysis, it is concluded that the flow measurement system for the conclusion of practical application, it not only can be used for pipe flow measurement and equilibrium state judgment, and also to have certain security on accuracy.
Computer modeling and simulation - tool for design of buildings and its systems
Authors: Horneț M , Todor R D , Cîrstolovean I L , Năstac D C , Mizgan P
Published: June 2020

This paper presents a real example of optimizing the design of buildings and the systems they serve, through computer modeling and simulation. It highlights the capabilities of the DesignBuilder simulation software used as a design tool for buildings and systems for heating, ventilation and air conditioning. The paper also includes discussions and conclusions about how simulation results can provide important information for building design. The building for which the research presented here were done is the Transilvana University of Brasov Development Research Institute (Romania).
Research on hysteretic behavior of external T-stiffener box-column I-beam space connections
Authors: Jin L , Chen L P , Zhang Y
Published: June 2020

The bearing capacity and deformation performance of external T-stiffener box-column to I-beam space connections were analyzed in this paper. A great deal of full-path analysis of space connections has been carried out by using finite element program ABAQUS with different parameters, which are box-column section width, I-beam flange width, section height of I-beam, flange width and web length of T-stiffener. FEM is proposed for numerical simulation under cycling loading based on the mechanical properties of materials. The result show that the hysteresis curve is the spindle shape and relatively full of T-stiffener box-column I-beam space connections. The ductility coefficient μ is larger than 4.0 and equivalent viscous damping coefficient h

e
is larger than 0.2 of the space connections, which have been met the limitation of the specification requirements. The bearing capacity and deformation performance of external T-stiffener box-column I-beam space connections can be improved with the increasing of T-stiffener flange width and web length effectively. Due to the fine performance of ductility, energy dissipation and seismic performance, the external T-stiffener box-column I-beam space connections can be proposed used in multi-layer steel structure engineering widely.
Tool wear analysis of multi-layer diamond coated tools for cutting white marble
Authors: Lu F , Li H X , Gabor C , Wang Y Y , Zhao J B
Published: June 2020

Study on the tool wear of cutting white marble by multi-layer diamond coated tool, and discussion of the wear characteristics and failure mechanism of the tool are presented in this paper. Multi-layer diamond coating was prepared by hot filament chemical vapor deposition (HFCVD). It was deposited on the surface of cemented carbide ball-end milling tool. The surface appearance of the tool was analyzed by an optical microscope. The grain state was analyzed by scanning electron microscopy. Comparing the surface morphology of the cutting for 1h, the area where the coating peeled off became larger when the cutting tool was cut for 2 hours, and the falling range was expanded along the cutting-edge direction while the flank surface was expanded, and the tool joint wear was severe. The composition of diamond grains was investigated by Raman spectroscopy. Comparing the surface morphology of the cutting for 1h, the area where the coating peeled off became larger when the cutting tool was cut for 2 hours, and the falling range was expanded along the cutting-edge direction while the flank surface was expanded, and the tool joint wear was severe.
Optimized design of air inlet devices based on environmental analysis of a broiler house model
Authors: Ma Y X , Zou H F
Published: June 2020

A typical broiler house in the cold region of northern China was selected as the research object of this study. The environment of the broiler house was studied in depth by using the Airpak software. Then, an optimized design of air inlet devices for this typical broiler house in the cold region, under the condition of transverse ventilation, was made on basis of two influence factors: the length of the flow guiding device, and the direction of airflow. The optimized air inlet devices helped to improve the airflow in the broiler house, hence changing environmental factors such as internal temperature distribution, wind speed distribution, and carbon dioxide distribution. The length of the ideal flow guiding device should be approximately 1 m and not more than 2 m. Influence by the direction of the air inlet devices was affected by length of the guided airflow. Increase in the direction of the air inlet device led to rise of the body plane temperature of the chickens and the overall wind speed, while carbon dioxide distribution remained basically unchanged. The best direction of airflow (3) should be 30°∼45°.
Friendly environment solution for a suffusion case
Authors: Măntulescu M
Published: June 2020

The paper describes about solving the phenomenon of suffusion in the foundation ground of a building. The soil was investigated with direct and indirect methods (drilling and dynamic penetration, electric tomography, seismic refraction). The filling of the cavity was made with a low permeability or practically impermeable material, homogeneous in granularity, with approximately the same stiffness as the surrounding soil.
Environmental impact evaluation associated to road traffic. A case study for Iasi city
Authors: Nicuță A M , Condurat M
Published: June 2020

Development means a strong transportation network. Still, it comes associated with negative consequences, among them climate change and environmental disruptions. The pollution effects associated with road transportation are determined by a serial of factors like atmospheric conditions, topography, climate, traffic, fuel type, vehicle age but also improper maintenance of vehicles. All these components lead to atmospheric emissions caused by fuel leakage on rolling surface, dust and noise, accidental leakage of toxic chemical products. The present paper brings its contribution to the issue of sustainable development, approaching the problem of environmental impact associated with road traffic, quantifying pollutant emissions and comparing values. The evaluation is based on statistics for the most crowded road in Iasi City, namely Independence Boulevard, consisting of traffic data for the last 3 years obtained from the local Office of Traffic Management.
Analysis of factors affecting the performance of reinforced concrete structures of engineering constructions under the influence of aggressive environment
Authors: Pakhomova E G , Emelyanov S G , Bredikhina N V , Semicheva N E
Published: June 2020

The work is devoted to the study of the performance of reinforced concrete structures of engineering structures operating under the synergetic influence of aggressive environment with damage to concrete and main reinforcement.
Road embankment for bridge accessing rural area
Authors: Pohrib D-M , Platică D , Turcanu P , Pleșcan C
Published: June 2020

The article aims to show the construction on soft soil of a road embankment for access to a bridge which passes over a stream. To strengthen, consolidating and draining the embankment near the stream a combined geosynthetic and gabions solutions it was use.
The analysis of influencing factors over the computerised designing process of deep excavations near roads in urban environment
Authors: Pohrib D-M , Turcanu P
Published: June 2020

The article aims to show the errors that a user can make in the use of inappropriate computing programs for the calculation of support structures and / or inadequate use of geotechnical data when designing support for deep excavations near roads in urban areas, and to indicate the software that offers plausible and reality-related results. Comparisons were made between the displacements and the efforts of ground support elements from numerical computational models in which was varied the coefficient of bedding for horizontal actions and between geotechnical calculation models.
Critical SCADA applications to parallel operation of transformers in railway electrical traction
Authors: Popov A , Fratu M
Published: June 2020

The article describes the parallel operation of medium voltage (MV) transformers utilized in electric traction substations (ETS), their connection to the national power system (NPS), and the conditions required for the parallel operation of the ETS transformers. Solutions for the optimization of the parallel operation the MV transformers that power the electric railway traction system (ERTS) are discussed. In the case of multiple failure (fault transformers that serve a section) or load increase over the rated power provided by an electric traction substation (ETS), connection to the respective section of the adjacent ETS transformers is required. The parallel coupling of ETS is possible if High Power Transformers ERTS meet all the conditions for parallel operation. This mode of operation ensures the stability of the electricity distribution system for the consumer. SCADA systems can be used for monitoring critical situations and general optimization of electrical power supply of the railway electric traction system.
A study into prevention of antibiotics resistance through enhanced building infrastructure design and management strategies
Authors: Rolfsen C N , Rønning P O , Bull J L , Chițonu G C
Published: June 2020

This study is part of a larger research project, which looks at how modern hospitals are built in Norway, and what can be done to make hospitals more user friendly and purpose built. It looks at how medical facilities can be made to encourage a quicker improvement in the patient’s recovery, and what effect the way modern hospitals are being built and operated, has on the patients, the employees and to the visitors to the health facilities. A key focus of the research is to look at nosocomial infections (hospital-acquired infections) from medical care and to study the prevalence of antibiotic resistance at these facilities. The project aims to find conclusions and areas of improvement along larger parts of the hospital and patient chain. The greater research project aims to look at this scientific field through studies in 3 countries, in Northern Europe, Eastern Europe and Central Europe, to get an idea of the inter-European challenges in a very complicated scientific field, with different financial resources, cultures, focuses, and approaches to the frequency of use of antibiotics.
Numerical study on the effect of confinement on thermal spallation drilling of hard rock
Authors: Saksala T
Published: June 2020

This paper presents a numerical study on the effect of confining pressure (down-to-hole pressure) on the performance of the thermal jet drilling on rock. For this end, a numerical method including a viscoplastic-damage model for rock and an explicit scheme for solving the governing thermo-mechanical problem, which is assumed uncoupled. Moreover, rock heterogeneity, which facilitates the thermal spallation phenomenon, is taken into account. Numerical simulations under axisymmetric conditions demonstrate that the efficiency of thermal spallation based drilling is reduces drastically due to confinement.
Comparative application of two methods in the second order elastic analysis of the steel structures
Authors: Țepeş-Onea F , Dimofte R
Published: June 2020

In most situations, in the case of metal structures, the loss of stability occurs before plastic elements enter the structure. The present paper aims to compare the response of a metallic structure obtained by an elastic analysis of the 2nd order developed with the two methods provided in SR-EN 1993-1-1:1) global analysis that takes full account of geometrical and material imperfections and second-order effects; 2)-individual stability check of the equivalent bars using buckling lengths corresponding to the overall instability mode. Obviously the first method is the most complex because it takes into account both global and local imperfections. The second method is the simplest and most used method. In this case, the verification relationships take account of the imperfections of the elements. For global analysis, the global imperfections and local bar imperfections will be considered. These imperfections will be taken into account in the worst form and sense. The check for global analysis will be done using finite element meshing, while using the geometric nonlinearity option so that the stiffness matrix is calculated at each loading step. The individual check of the elements shall be performed according to SR EN1993-1-1 according to the type of request.
Laboratory testing of static and dynamic deformation characteristics of small scale model of pavement subgrade
Authors: Valaskova V , Vlcek J
Published: June 2020

Interaction system vehicle-pavement represents actual problem in terms of structural, life service and environmental requirements. Experimental measurements with real vehicles and pavements are time consuming and bring high complexity of the inputs, relations and other boundary conditions which need to be identified to achieve reliable outputs. Inevitable uncertainties related to the real structure can be controlled when scale models with identified boundary conditions are prepared. Determination of the characteristics of the individual components of the vehicle-pavement interaction system at controlled conditions is then possible. The subgrade is an important part of the pavement structure. A laboratory and numerical simulations based on the static and dynamic testing methods were used to determine the deformation parameters of the subgrade. A viscoelastic mass was selected as a subgrade for the small scale model of the pavement. Its characteristic allows the simulation of the dynamic effects of the vehicle on pavement structure. A short-time dynamic loading of the subgrade occurs when the vehicle moves on the pavement. Therefore, the response of the subgrade should be also characterized with the dynamic parameters. The results obtained by the experimental observations in-lab will be used for the evaluation of the traffic effect on the pavement structure and surrounding objects such as buildings.
Review of damage-tolerant solutions for improved seismic performance of buildings
Authors: Voica T F , Stratan A
Published: June 2020

Building structures have been designed for more than 40 years to protect life in the event of a major seismic event. In order to achieve this goal with a minimal initial investment, structures are designed, using the ductility principle, as sacrificial systems, undergoing significant plastic deformations in the main structural elements, which progressively deteriorate. If in the design codes the structural damage is to some extent explicitly accepted and quantifiable, problems related to non-structural damage are addressed much more vaguely. This no longer meets market and society requirements. New structural systems are needed, which are not only efficient in reducing structural and non-structural damage, but also offer good re-centring capability, durability, reparability and affordability, accompanied by accessible design methods. This paper reviews the principal solutions that can be used to achieve these goals. Their advantages and limitations are analysed, as well as their potential as damage tolerant structural systems.
Study on concrete damaged plasticity model for simulating the hysteretic behavior of RC shear wall
Authors: Wang Q , Hou K K , Lu J , Dong Q H , Yao D P , Lu Z
Published: June 2020

Abaqus is often used to analyze the dynamic elasto-plastic response of tall buildings under strong earthquake. However, the analysis results of the hysteretic behavior of RC shear wall are not very satisfactory. In this paper, the residual strain is proposed to determine the damage parameters in the concrete damaged plasticity model in Abaqus, which include the damage factor and compression stiffness recovery factor. The method can greatly reduce the lagging or exceeding of strain in the compression reloading path. The confinement effect of distributed bars on concrete of RC shear walls is also considered. In addition, a secondary-developed uniaxial constitutive model of steel is adopted to present the Baushinger effect under the reciprocating loading. Simulation results are in good agreement with the test results. It shows that the methods purposed in this paper can effectively realize the simulation of the hysteretic behavior of RC shear wall under the low cyclic reciprocating loading.
Experimental study on static behavior for assembled monolithic reverse-rib slab
Authors: Yan X , Li J X , Zhou B , Liu M
Published: June 2020

In this paper, the static loading test of two assembled monolithic reverse-rib slabs is carried out, and the cracking process, mechanical mechanism and performance under different load combinations are emphatically studied. The test results show that the development of cracks of the assembled monolithic reverse-rib slab is fitted with the characteristics of the two-way plate. The rib beam and the floor slab between the rib beams can work well together, which can meet the requirements of normal use limit and bearing capacity limit.
The weaken technique of bending moment for support beam of internal climb tower
Authors: Zhu C X , Wang N , Gu S Q , Ma W B
Published: June 2020

This paper develops a new analysis method to weaken bending moment at the end of support beam of the inner climbing tower crane. Firstly, the equivalent length of the variable cross-section beam is calculated according to the principle which the angular displacement of the variable cross-section beam is equal to that of the equal cross-section beam under the action of the unit bending moment. Then, the deformation of the variable cross-section can be calculated by using the calculation formula of the equal cross-section beam. Finally, Graphic multiplication is used to solve the stepped variable cross-section statically determinate beam and the function relation between bending moment and inertia moment ratio and variable cross-section length ratio is obtained by MATLAB. It is of great significance to the thin-walled supporting and protection by using the function between the bending moment and the parameter to determine the optimal supporting main beam.
A Kind of Triple-negative Elastic Metamaterial
Authors: Wang X , Wan S
Published: June 2020

In this paper, a kind of triple-negative elastic metamaterial (EMM) is proposed, which means it possesses negative equivalent mass density, negative equivalent bulk modulus, negative equivalent shear modulus in the same frequency range simultaneously, and can realize negative refraction of both transverse and longitudinal waves. Furthermore, the influence of rectangular oscillators and semi elliptical oscillators on the band structure is analysed, and we find that the unit cell with semi elliptical oscillators has a much wider band gap, which has a potential in supressing vibration at a wide frequency range.
Research on Design and Application of Automatic Production Line for Mechanical Components
Authors: Bin Wu
Published: June 2020

In order to meet the requirements of automatic processing for mechanical components manufacturing enterprises, the paper describes a design method of automatic production line. Firstly, the paper made the overall design of the automatic production line, takt time is calculated according to the annual production demand, and the analysis of device configuration and position layout of the production line was carried out based on the annual production requirement. Secondly, the paper selects types of CNC machines and industrial robots, and design structural of the silo, the temporary storage platform, the conveyor belt, the fuel injection and water removal. 3D model of each component and space layout of the production line are drawn by Solidworks software. Thirdly, the process flow of automatic production line was designed, and the CNC intelligent management system was developed to meet the requirements, which can monitor the process information such as takt time. Test is carried out after establishment of automatic production line, the test run finally shows that the automatic production line works stably and can meet the requirements of enterprise.
Fractional Sliding Mode Control for Nonlinear Aerospace Systems
Authors: Zheng Shiqi , Liang Bingyun
Published: June 2020

This paper focuses on the study of fractional order terminal sliding mode control for nonlinear aerospace systems. Firstly, a novel fractional order integral terminal sliding mode control (FO-I-TSMC) method is proposed for the control of first order nonlinear system. FO-I-TSMC has three attractive advantages: i) Non-singular control law; ii) Elimination of the reaching phase; iii) Calculable finite convergence time. Furthermore, theory analysis is presented to reveal the potential advantages of the FO-I-TSMC method over its integer order counterparts. Secondly, a novel fractional order derivative integral-TSMC (FO-DI-TSMC) method is presented to deal with second order nonlinear system. Finally, FO-DI-TSMC is extended to deal with a general class of higher order control system. Simulation results are given to verify the effectiveness of the proposed methods.
Research on Development and Key Technologies of Intelligent Bed-jig System for Ship Sectional Construction
Authors: Shen Yubo , Wang Rui , Liu Mingzhi , Wang Yueting , Chen Mingshan , Zhao Yaorong , Zhou Honggen
Published: June 2020

Nowadays, the existing bed-jig is difficult to meet the requirements of modern ship intelligent manufacturing. This is mainly due to the following three problems: one is the redundancy of location arrangement, the other is the difficulty of moving, and the third is the discontinuity of height adjustment. For the segmental construction of ships, this paper puts forward the research and development of intelligent bed-jig system. Breakthroughs have been made in key technologies, including dynamic placement of jig and dynamic adjustment of support height. It also realizes the intelligent decision-making of process data in ship sectional construction. In general, it provides a technical basis for intelligent manufacturing of ship segments.
Conceptualising an Inspection Robot for Tunnel Drainage Pipes
Authors: Ecker G , Zagar B G , Schwab C , Saliger F , Schachinger T , Stur M
Published: June 2020

For inspection purposes first ideas of an in-pipe robot are presented. The idea of a rover with respect to the environmental conditions, as well as details of structure, actuation, measurement and control concepts is discussed in this document. It should be able to navigate through rather narrow and buckled drainage pipes with diameters not much larger than the robot itself, so the design is aiming for a most compact and potentially self-disassembling solution necessary for cases of stuck robots.
Product Life Cycle Analysis of Automotive Products on Multi-Purpose Vehicle’s (MPV) Segment
Authors: Suzianti A , Putra D R , Sibuea C P
Published: June 2020

Since 1990, the ever-increasing sales trend of automobiles in Indonesia has made the competition atmosphere much fiercer, particularly for Multi-Purpose Vehicle, the car segment with the highest sales in Indonesia’s automobile market. Therefore, a product life cycle management of automobiles is demanded to secure current position in market or further, to lead the market. This research uses MPV Model A and MPV Model B as a study case for Multi-Purpose Vehicle. Methods deployed are the computation of product line extension, the computation of product line innovation, t-test, Person Index Test, and Importance-Performance Analysis. Results are used to formulate product life cycle management strategies for automobiles of Multi-Purpose Vehicle aimed secure current position in market or further, to lead the market.
Assessment of Worker Exposure to Occupational Organic Dust in a Hemp Processing Facility
Authors: Gardner Melinda , Reed Sue , Davidson Maggie
Published: June 2020

The cultivation and processing of industrial hemp, Cannabis sativa L., is a developing industry in Australia. Exposure to hemp dust is demonstrated as producing reactive and respiratory health effects, potentially causing permanent lung disease or damage. The aim of this study was to assess the airborne organic dust concentrations generated in an Australian hemp processing facility. Personal sampling, in the breathing zone of exposed workers was undertaken for exposure to respirable dust, along with parallel static sampling for airborne concentrations of inhalable and respirable dust fractions. Both static and personal sampling showed that respirable dust concentrations (mg m−3) exceeded the Australian Institute of Occupational Hygienists (AIOH) recommended maximum exposure limit of 1 mg m−3 (respirable fraction) for dusts not otherwise specified, with mean exposures (mg m−3) of M = 1.33, standard deviation (SD) = 1.09 (range 0.07–3.67 mg m−3) and M = 4.49, SD = 4.49 (range 0.77–11.08 mg m−3). The results of the investigation indicate that workers in the hemp processing industry are at risk of developing permanent and disabling respiratory disease due to high dust exposure. There is no Australian occupational exposure limit specifically for hemp dust. It is recommended further research is needed and industry-specific guidance material or model code of practice developed to effectively control exposures.
The Role of Tranexamic Acid in Aesthetic Plastic Surgery: A Survey of the British Association of Aesthetic Plastic Surgeons
Authors: Wokes James E T , Erdmann Matthias W H , McLean Neil R
Published: June 2020

Background

Tranexamic acid (TXA) can reduce intra- and postoperative bleeding as well as minimizing postoperative swelling and ecchymosis. It can be administered both intravenously and topically during surgery with minimal side effects.

Objectives

To assess the evidence of TXA use in aesthetic surgery and to complete a survey of current practice of full British Association of Aesthetic Plastic Surgeons members.

Methods

The authors performed a literature review and online survey of full British Association of Aesthetic Plastic Surgeons members.

Results

There is an increased indication of TXA utilization in aesthetic surgery. It provides multiple surgeon and patient benefits.

Conclusions

TXA is a useful adjunct in aesthetic surgery.
Network mediation of pathology pattern in sporadic Creutzfeldt–Jakob disease
Authors: Freeze Benjamin , Maia Pedro , Pandya Sneha , Raj Ashish
Published: June 2020

Sporadic Creutzfeldt–Jakob disease is a rare fatal rapidly progressive dementia caused by the accumulation and spread of pathologically misfolded prions. Evidence from animal models and in vitro experiments suggests that prion pathology propagates along neural connectivity pathways, with the transmission of misfolded prions initiating a corruptive templating process in newly encountered brain regions. Although particular regional patterns of disease have been recognized in humans, the underlying mechanistic basis of these patterns remains poorly understood. Here, we demonstrate that the spatial pattern of disease derived from publicly available human diffusion-weighted MRI data demonstrates stereotypical features across patient cohorts and can be largely explained by intrinsic connectivity properties of the human structural brain network. Regional diffusion-weighted MRI signal abnormalities are predicted by graph theoretical measures of centrality, with highly affected regions such as cingulate gyrus demonstrating strong structural connectivity to other brain regions. We employ network diffusion modelling to demonstrate that the spatial pattern of disease can be predicted by a diffusion process originating from a single regional pathology seed and operating on the structural connectome. The most likely seeds correspond to the most highly affected brain regions, suggesting that pathological prions could originate in a single brain region and spread throughout the brain to produce the regional distribution of pathology observed on MRI. Further investigation of top seed regions and associated connectivity pathways may be a useful strategy for developing therapeutic approaches.