bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Lexicon acquisition in an interdisciplinary learning context
Authors: SANTOS SOARES DA SILVA LAGO MARIA PAULA
Published: January 2020

This paper presents the questions that led to the field research, the theoretical frame, the subsequent methodology, and some of the results and conclusions. One of these conclu-sions is the need of specific tasks aimed at lexicon acquisition and of interdisciplinary work within that acquisition. Some strategies of minimizing failure and e learning enhancement will also be discussed, as well as the learning results achieved in the strict area of lexicon acquisition.
The use of the modern technology in educational work: user study for digitization of cultural heritage
Authors: LAJBENŠPERGER MILICA , ŠEGAN MARIJA , RAJIĆ SANJA
Published: January 2020

In the Republic of Serbia the idea that the digitization of cultural heritage could be used to popularize and utilize modern technologies in education was  rst realized in 2012. One of the results of this project was a user study. In this paper we indicate some of project’s fragments and present some of the results of the conducted research.
Wide Scene on Halophytes
Authors: Taia Wafaa K.
Published: January 2020

This work dealt with the different types of halophytes; obligate, facultative, and habitat-indifferent halophytes with the indication of the main angiosperm families containing each category. In the same time it summarizes the most dominant halophyte species and their belonging families and their degree of adaptation to salt habitats. These genera and species, which are more than five hundred, were belonging to more than 70 Angiosperm families. These species can be further classified according to their life span into perennial herbs or shrubs and annuals and according to their ecological habitats and adaptations to salinity into: Halophytes, Hygrophytes, Phanerophytes, Xerophytes and Succulents. Genera belonging to the major angiosperm families containing the maximum number of taxa are the Chenopodiaceae and Amaranthaceae (34 taxa; 22.08%), Poaceae (21 taxa; 13.64%), Fabaceae (14 taxa; 9.09%), and Asteraceae (13 taxa; 8.44%). Meantime the main halophytic adaptations have been mentioned, with the indication to the mangrove plants which share some common characteristics based upon physiological, reproductive and morphological adaptations. Mangrove has approximately 54 species of plants belonging to about 20 genera in 16 families. This work high lighting the taxonomic revision of genus Salsola as one of the most important halophytic genus within the Chenopodiaceae. Hints on the pollen grains characters, anatomical features and chemical constituents of halophytes, in general, in Salsola specified were mentioned.
First stages towards the establishment of Brazilian neurology faculties
Authors: Meira Alex Tiburtino , Betini Beatriz Gioppo , Cardoso Francisco , Gomes Marleide da Mota , Barbosa Egberto Reis , Prado Roberto César Pereira do , Teive Hélio Afonso Ghizoni
Published: January 2020

ABSTRACT The establishment of modern medicine in Brazil was marked by the arrival of the Portuguese Court in 1808, when the Bahia and Rio de Janeiro Faculties of Medicine were founded. The French School of Medicine exerted a strong influence on Brazilian medicine and on the main pioneers of Brazilian neurology. The elite of “Parisian neurology” trained students and doctors from around the world, and were mentors to the pioneers of Brazilian neurology in the early 20th century. In this article, the authors review the origins of neurology faculties in Brazilian medicine and the main pioneers of Brazilian neurology. Neurology is certainly a continuously changing field and has always adapted to new advances and discoveries, and it is an honor for the authors to pay homage to their pioneers.
Prevalence of oropharyngeal dysphagia in hereditary spastic paraplegias
Authors: Jacinto-Scudeiro Laís Alves , Machado Gustavo Dariva , Ayres Annelise , Burguêz Daniela , Polese-Bonatto Marcia , González-Salazar Carelis , Siebert Marina , França Junior Marcondes Cavalcante , Olchik Maira Rozenfeld , Saute Jonas Alex Morales
Published: January 2020

ABSTRACT Hereditary spastic paraplegias (HSP) are a group of genetic diseases characterized by lower limb spasticity with or without additional neurological features. Swallowing dysfunction is poorly studied in HSP and its presence can lead to significant respiratory and nutritional complications. Objectives: The aim of this study was to evaluate the frequency and clinical characteristics of dysphagia in different types of HSP. Methods: A two-center cross-sectional prevalence study was performed. Genetically confirmed HSP patients were evaluated using the Northwestern Dysphagia Patient Check Sheet and the Functional Oral Intake Scale. In addition, self-perception of dysphagia was assessed by the Eat Assessment Tool-10 and the Swallowing Disturbance Questionnaire. Results: Thirty-six patients with spastic paraplegia type 4 (SPG4), five with SPG11, four with SPG5, four with cerebrotendinous xanthomatosis (CTX), three with SPG7, and two with SPG3A were evaluated. Mild to moderate oropharyngeal dysphagia was present in 3/5 (60%) of SPG11 and 2/4 (50%) of CTX patients. A single SPG4 (2%) and a single SPG7 (33%) patient had mild oropharyngeal dysphagia. All other evaluated patients presented with normal or functional swallowing. Conclusions: Clinically significant oropharyngeal dysphagia was only present in complicated forms of HSP Patients with SPG11 and CTX had the highest risks for dysphagia, suggesting that surveillance of swallowing function should be part of the management of patients with these disorders.
Vitamin D, vitamin D binding protein, vitamin D receptor levels and cardiac dysautonomia in patients with multiple sclerosis: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Aktürk Tülin , Turan Yaşar , Tanik Nermin , Karadağ Müjgan Ercan , Sacmaci Hikmet , Inan Levent Ertugrul
Published: January 2020

ABSTRACT Vitamin D is a pleiotropic steroid hormone that modulates the autonomic balance. Its deficiency has been described as an environmental risk factor for multiple sclerosis (MS). The aim of this study was to investigate the serum levels of vitamin D, vitamin D binding protein (VDBP) and vitamin D receptors (VDR) and to evaluate cardiac dysautonomia in MS patients due to bidirectional interaction between vitamin D and the autonomic nervous system. Methods: The current cross-sectional study was conducted on 26 patients with relapsing-remitting MS and on 24 healthy controls. Twenty-four-hour ambulatory blood pressure variability (BPV) was calculated and the participants were evaluated for orthostatic hypotension and supine hypertension. Serum levels of vitamin D, VDBP and VDR were measured. Results: The mean serum vitamin D level was significantly lower in MS patients than in controls (p = 0.044); however there was no significant difference in terms of VDR and VDBP levels between the groups. Supine hypertension and orthostatic hypotension were significant and the 24-hour systolic BPV was significantly decreased in patients with MS (p < 0.05) compared to controls. No correlation was found between vitamin D, VDBP and VDR with supine hypertension, orthostatic hypotension and systolic BPV values (p > 0.05). Also, there was a negative correlation between VDBP and the EDSS (p = 0.039, r = −0.406). Conclusion: There was no correlation between orthostatic hypotension, supine hypertension and systolic BPV values and serum vitamin D, VDBP and VDR in MS patients. Future prospective studies with large number of patients may help us to better understand the relationship between vitamin D and the autonomic nervous system.
Home physical exercise program: analysis of the impact on the clinical evolution of patients with normal pressure hydrocephalus
Authors: Modesto Paulo Cesar , Pinto Fernando Campos Gomes
Published: January 2020

ABSTRACT Objective: To present a program of home physical exercises for patients with normal pressure hydrocephalus (NPH) and to evaluate adherence, acceptance and applicability; to verify possible changes in patients with NPH in the home physical exercise program, comparing patients with, and without, a ventriculoperitoneal shunt, regarding gait, quality of life, activities of daily living, static and dynamic balance and its impact on the risks of falling. Methods: This was a controlled clinical trial, with assessments in three moments (0, 10 and 18 weeks) at the home, from October 2015 to November 2017. Fifty-two patients (30 women and 22 men) participated in the study. Results: There was a statistically significant improvement with 10 weeks of home physical exercises for the groups with and without ventriculoperitoneal shunt, respectively, in the sub-items: activities of daily living p = 0.032*, p = 0.003*; static balance p < 0.001*, p < 0.001*; functional capacity p < 0.001*, p = 0.027*; and dynamic balance and gait p = 0.009*, p < 0.001*. There was no statistically significant difference for the subitems: quality of life p = 0.695, p = 1.000; and NPH grading scale p = 0.695, p = 1.000, respectively. Conclusion: The developed program of home physical exercise was easily applied and there was good acceptance by most patients with NPH included in the research. There was a statistically significant improvement with the 10 weeks of home physical exercises in the sub-items: activities of daily living, static balance and functional capacity, for both groups. In the sub-item dynamic balance and gait, there was a statistically significant improvement for both groups, but with a higher score for the group with a ventriculoperitoneal shunt. There was no statistically significant difference for the sub-items: quality of life, NPH grading scale and risk of falls, based on the Berg scale.
Comparison of cerebrospinal fluid lactate with physical, cytological, and other biochemical characteristics as prognostic factors in acute bacterial meningitis
Authors: De Almeida Sérgio Monteiro , Barros Nagyla C. , Petterle Ricardo , Nogueira Keite
Published: January 2020

ABSTRACT Bacterial meningitis (BM) is associated with a high morbidity and mortality. Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) lactate may be used as a prognostic marker of this condition. We hypothesized that CSF lactate levels would remain elevated in participants who died of acute BM compared with those who recovered from this disease. Objective: To evaluate the potential use of lactate and other CSF biomarkers as prognostic markers of acute BM outcome. Methods: This retrospective, longitudinal study evaluated dynamic CSF biomarkers in 223 CSF samples from 49 patients who fulfilled the inclusion criteria of acute BM, with bacteria identified by CSF culturing. The participants were grouped according to outcome: death (n = 9; 18.37%) and survival (n = 40; 81.63%). All participants received appropriate antibiotic treatment. Results: In the logistic regression model, lactate concentration in the final CSF sample, xanthochromia, and CSF glucose variation between the first and last CSF samples were predictors of a poor outcome (death). In contrast, decrease in CSF white blood cell count and CSF percentage of neutrophils, increase in the percentage of lymphocytes, and normalization of the CSF lactate concentration in the last CSF sample were predictors of a good prognosis. Conclusion: The study confirmed the initial hypothesis. The longitudinal analysis of CSF lactate is an important predictor of prognosis in acute BM.
Applications of the Dixon technique in the evaluation of the musculoskeletal system
Authors: Lins Carolina Freitas , Salmon Carlos Ernesto Garrido , Nogueira-Barbosa Marcello Henrique
Published: January 2020

Abstract The acquisition of images with suppression of the fat signal is very useful in clinical practice and can be achieved in a variety of sequences. The Dixon technique, unlike other fat suppression techniques, allows the signal of fat to be suppressed in the postprocessing rather than during acquisition, as well as allowing the visualization of maps showing the distribution of water and fat. This review of the Dixon technique aims to illustrate the basic physical principles, to compare the technique with other magnetic resonance imaging sequences for fat suppression or fat quantification, and to describe its applications in the study of diseases of the musculoskeletal system. Many variants of the Dixon technique have been developed, providing more consistent separation of the fat and water signals, as well as allowing correction for many confounding factors. It allows homogeneous fat suppression, being able to be acquired in combination with several other sequences, as well as with different weightings. The technique also makes it possible to obtain images with and without fat suppression from a single acquisition. In addition, the Dixon technique can be used as a quantitative method, allowing the proportion of tissue fat to be determined, and, in more updated versions, can quantify tissue iron.
Does Concern about Local Crime affect People’s Trust in the Police?
Authors: Sampaio Joelson Oliveira , Bueno Rodrigo De Losso da Silveira , Pieri Renan Gomes De , Cunha Luciana Gross
Published: January 2020

Abstract Trust in institutions is one of the central pillars of the stability of democracies. By exploring a unique database indicative of confidence on Brazilian institutions, this study investigates the effect of concern in local crime on confidence in the police. We explore data from the Confidence in Justice Survey conducted for the period from 2013 to 2014 at the state of Sao Paulo. Our identification strategy is the two-stage least square model, with an individual’s distance to police stations as the instrumental variable. We find that an increase in the total crimes registered reduces confidence in the police. Such results are particularly more apparent in crimes like drug dealing and rape. Exploring heterogeneities in the results, we find that black people are more sensitive to crime rate changes with respect to security, even while living in similar neighborhoods as white citizens. Results also show that those who had prior experience with the police are less sensitive, independent of the quality of police work at the time.
Novas Medidas de Educação e de Desigualdade Educacional para a Primeira Metade do Século XX no Brasil
Authors: Komatsu Bruno , Menezes-Filho Naercio , Oliveira Pedro Augusto Costa , Viotti Leonardo Teixeira
Published: January 2020

Resumo Este artigo descreve a trajetória do nível e da desigualdade educacional no Brasil desde a primeira metade do século XX. Combinamos diversas fontes de dados históricos, tais como os relatórios do Ministério de Negócios do Império, os Anuários Estatísticos do Brasil e os Censos Demográficos para construir novas medidas de escolaridade e calcular índices de Gini educacional entre 1900 e 2000 para cada região e para o Brasil como um todo. Nossos resultados mostram que entre 1900 e 1930, a proporção de pessoas com ensino primário completo na população permaneceu em torno de 5%, ao passo que a parcela com ensino secundário completo esteve sempre abaixo de 1% e que somente 0,3% tinham ensino superior completo. Assim, a desigualdade educacional permaneceu constante até 1920, declinou lentamente entre 1920 e 1950 e mais rapidamente somente a partir de então.
Tipificação do Comportamento dos Investidores no Mercado de Ações Brasileiro
Authors: Santos José Carlos de Souza
Published: January 2020

Resumo O presente trabalho investiga o comportamento de diversos tipos de investidores no âmbito de suas atividades de compra e venda de ativos no mercado de ações brasileiro. Para tanto, observa-se, de forma agregada, como o volume de compra e venda se relaciona com o retorno passado e o retorno futuro do mercado. Destacam-se os resultados para os investidores do grupo pessoa física e investidores estrangeiros. Para o grupo pessoa física, observam-se sinais de comportamento orientado por Efeito Disposição, dado que se encontra evidência de que o grupo de investidores tende a elevar suas vendas após altas elevadas do mercado, mas o mesmo não ocorre com a mesma intensidade após quedas passadas. Para investidores estrangeiros, nota-se que o mesmo é o único a indicar correlação positiva e significante com retornos passados e também futuros. O resultado indica que o comportamento do grupo de investidores é guiado por estratégias de Momentum e que existem sinais de maior habilidade no processamento das informações, tendo em vista que suas carteiras apresentam melhor desempenho.
A Importância da Criança Escravizada e seu Comércio no Oeste Paulista, 1861-1869
Authors: Rossini Gabriel Almeida Antunes
Published: January 2020

Resumo Neste artigo, lançamos luz sobre a importância da criança escrava no âmbito da expansão cafeeira paulista. Para tanto, além de resgatarmos parte da bibliografia relevante sobre o tema, mobilizamos dados secundários e ampla base de dados primários decorrente de escrituras de compra e venda de escravos compulsadas em importante centro cafeicultor do Oeste paulista, Rio Claro, entre 1861 e 1869. Por meio da bibliografia consultada e dos dados levantados, buscamos apreender a relevância da criança cativa e aspectos econômicos e demográficos atinentes à dinâmica do tráfico interno deste grupo, tais como: volume de transações de compra e venda ocorridas ao longo do recorte temporal eleito; dinâmica do preço de venda; a interação entre preços e sexo, idade, tipologia do comércio doméstico e experiência/ocupação; volume de crianças transacionadas individualmente ou no interior de grupos de escravos; a participação de famílias escravas no âmbito do conjunto das negociações que tivemos acesso.
Oral trichomoniasis in raptors in Southern Brazil
Authors: Echenique Joanna V.Z. , Soares Mauro P. , Bruni Mirian , Farias Nara Amélia , Moretti Valéria D. , Bandarra Paulo M. , Albano Ana Paula N. , Schild Ana Lucia
Published: January 2020

ABSTRACT: A retrospective study of oral trichomoniasis cases in raptors was carried out at “Laboratório Regional de Diagnóstico” of “Faculdade de Veterinária” of “Universidade Federal de Pelotas” (LRD-UFPel) from December 2014 to August 2017. Seven necropsy reports were reviewed. All raptors including Falconiformes and Strigiformes orders were from periurban zones. Four birds were adults, and there was no apparent sex predisposition. Clinical signs included dysphagia, regurgitation, and anorexia. Gross lesions were characterized by multifocal yellow to coalescent caseous nodules adhered to the oral cavity, which extended to the entrance of the esophagus. Microscopically, the lesions were characterized by severe focally extensive heterophilic granulomatous stomatitis. Trichomonas gallinae was isolated in modified Diamond medium of all samples collected from birds. It is believed the transmission occurred by the predation of domestic pigeons (Columbia livia domestica) contaminated with T. gallinae that agglomerate in patios of grain processing complexes.
Impact of high-energy diets on the rumen environment and digital cushion in confined cattle
Authors: Tavares Nicolas C. , Barbosa Antônio A. , Bermudes Rogério F. , Rechsteiner Sandra M.E.F. , Cruz Luis A.X. , Bruhn Fabio Raphael P. , Silva Paula M. , Martins Charles F.
Published: January 2020

ABSTRACT: This study aimed to identify gross and microscopic changes, caused by high-energy diets, in the rumen environment and hoof of confined beef cattle. The study sample comprised 40 confined heifers (Bos taurus) with no disease history divided into four experimental groups using different diets: Group 1 (D1, control), 48:52 forage:concentrate ratio; Group 2 (D2), 30:70 forage:concentrate ratio; Group 3 (D3), 30:70 forage:concentrate ratio + sucrose; Group 4 (D4), 100% concentrate. All animals underwent clinical examination, assessment of ruminal fluid pH and lameness, and sample collection after slaughter for histopathology of the hoof laminae and digital cushion and ruminal tissue. All dependent variables of the study were compared using the SPSS 20.0 statistical software. The variables that did not show normality (HR, RM, ST, and CRT) were compared with application of the Kruskal-Wallis test followed by the Dunnet’s multiple comparison test. All other variables were submitted to analysis of variance (ANOVA) followed by Tukey’s test. The different diets had an impact on the rumen environment (p<0.05) of the heifers assessed, with momentary general depression in the first 12 h after sucrose induction (D3), as well as mild clinical signs in D4. The animals in D3 and D4 presented lower motility (p<0.05) and ruminal pH (p<0.01) than those in D1. Of the 40 heifers, 27.5% (n=11) showed gross lesions in the epithelium of ruminal pillars, whereas 22.5% (n=9) of those in D3 and D4 presented these lesions. Sole corium thickness varied between heifers in D3 compared with those in D1 and D2 (p<0.05). Therefore, high-energy diets, as used in this study, alter some clinical parameters and the rumen environment, causing lesions in the rumen mucosa, and of lesser intensity, in the hoof corium and laminae, suggestive of laminitis.
Chemical and structural composition of black pigmented supragingival biofilm of bovines with periodontitis
Authors: Saraiva Júlia Rebecca , Ramos Marcelle Marie B. , Borsanelli Ana Carolina , Schweitzer Christiane M. , Gaetti-Jardim Júnior Elerson , Höfling José Francisco , Ramos Thamiris Naiasha M. , Dutra Iveraldo S.
Published: January 2020

ABSTRACT: Bovine periodontitis is a multifactorial disease primarily associated with a potentially pathogenic microbiota housed in the oral biofilm of animals. Biofilms are organized structures, in which the constituents coexist in symbiosis, already described as a predisposing factor to periodontitis in other species. The objective of the present study was to characterize the structure and chemical aspects of the bovine black pigmented supragingival biofilm using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), respectively, and determine its relationship with bovine periodontitis. Eleven premolar teeth from different animals were evaluated; five non-pigmented samples and six samples with black pigmented biofilms were initially submitted to SEM, and three areas of these samples were selected for EDS. The structure of the pigmented biofilm was more complex and irregular because of a higher content of mineral elements. The semi-quantitative EDS data indicated an association of iron (p<0.014) and magnesium (p<0.001) with the occurrence of periodontitis, whereas carbon, phosphorus, calcium, manganese, sodium, and potassium were not associated with the disease. Carbon (p<0.039), manganese (p<0.007), and iron (p<0.015) were associated with pigmentation, whereas phosphorus, calcium, and magnesium were not associated with it. Spearman correlation test showed the relationships between calcium and phosphorus, and iron and silicon. The strong association of iron in the pigmented supragingival biofilm and with the occurrence of periodontitis suggests the presence of microorganisms that use this element in their metabolism and that are also associated with bovine periodontitis. This study suggests that the pigmented deposits in the crown of the teeth of cattle are an true biofilm with the deposition of iron, and it indicates that the presence of iron and magnesium in these formations may be involved in the metabolism of some microorganisms associated with the etiology of bovine periodontitis.
Spontaneous poisoning by Talisia esculenta in cattle
Authors: Melo Jaianne K.A. , Soares Gliére S.L. , Ramos Taciana R.R. , Almeida Valdir M. , Nascimento Ana L.O. , Silva Filho Givaldo B. , Chaves Hisadora A.S. , Mendonça Fábio S.
Published: January 2020

ABSTRACT: Talisia esculenta, commonly known as pitombeira, is a tree which fruits are widely consumed by human beings in northeastern Brazil. The aim of this work is to describe the epidemiological, clinical and pathological aspects of two outbreaks of spontaneous poisoning by T. esculenta in cattle in the dry region of Pernambuco, northeastern Brazil. The cases occurred in the municipalities of São Bento do Una and Belo Jardim. From a total of 25 adult cattle, eight become sick after ingest T. esculenta leaves and fruits. Four cattle died until 72 hours after the first clinical signs; which consisted in ataxia, reluctance to walk, tottering, head tremors muscle spasms in the limbs, rigidity of the pelvic limbs with wide base stance position, ruminal atony and, when stressed, presented falls and remained in abnormal positions. Two cattle were necropsied; the only significant finding was the presence of partially digested leaves, barks and seeds of T. esculenta in ruminal contents. Microscopically no lesions were observed. There is no specific therapy for poisoning by T. esculenta leaves. Prophylaxis consists in preventing cattle from gaining access to pasture areas containing the plant.
Audiological profile of professional disc jockeys
Authors: Costa Roseany Alves da , Araújo Dannyelly Torres , Souza Darlene Cardoso de , Novanta Gabriela Guenther Ribeiro
Published: January 2020

ABSTRACT Purpose: to describe the audiological profile of professional disc jockeys acting in cities of the Brazilian Federal District. Methods: audiometry, tympanometry, transient evoked emissions, and distortion product evoked emissions exams were conducted, as well as interviews, in order to identify auditory symptoms. Appropriate statistical tests were applied, adopting a significance level lower than 0.05. Results: a total of 21 disc jockeys, aged between 20 and 45 years, were evaluated. The most cited auditory complaints were feeling of ear fullness (86%) and tinnitus (57%). Auditory thresholds remained predominantly within normal range (90%), but thresholds were increased in frequencies from 3 KHz to 6 KHz (38%). Only 42% of the sample presented a pass response in transient evoked emissions, and 81% in distortion product evoked emissions, in both ears. Conclusion: the research identified auditory thresholds predominantly within standards of normality, though with increased high frequencies, that may be associated with noise exposure. The otoacoustic emissions presented alterations both in the transient ones and in the distortion product.
Hierarquia das Necessidades de Maslow: Validação de um Instrumento
Authors: Cavalcanti Thiago Medeiros , Gouveia Valdiney Veloso , Medeiros Emerson Diógenes de , Mariano Tailson Evangelista , Moura Hysla Magalhães de , Moizeís Heloísa Bárbara Cunha
Published: January 2020

Resumo Este estudo teve como objetivo adaptar ao contexto brasileiro o Inventário de Satisfação das Necessidades Básicas (ISNB), reunindo evidências de sua validade (fatorial e convergente) e consistência interna. Realizaram-se dois estudos [Estudo 1 (n = 200) e Estudo 2 (n = 199)], contando com a participação de estudantes universitários, que responderam o ISNB e perguntas demográficas; no Estudo 1 eles também responderam a Escala de Satisfação com a Vida. Os resultados da análise fatorial exploratória (Estudo 1) indicaram um modelo com cinco ou seis fatores, porém se optou pelo primeiro por ser mais parcimonioso e coerente com a teoria. Os cinco fatores se correlacionaram positivamente com a satisfação com a vida. Posteriormente, realizou-se uma análise fatorial confirmatória (Estudo 2) em que se compararam os modelos uni, penta e hexafatorial, tendo o de cinco fatores se revelado mais adequado. Em ambos os estudos os alfas de Cronbach dos cinco fatores se mostraram adequados para fins de pesquisa (α > 0,60). Concluiu-se que o ISNB é uma medida psicometricamente adequada, podendo ser empregada em contexto brasileiro para conhecer a satisfação das necessidades das pessoas e seus correlatos.
Alasdair MacIntyre’s writings on medicine and medical ethics
Authors: Pastura Patricia Souza Valle Cardoso , Land Marcelo Gerardin Poirot
Published: January 2020

Abstract Alasdair MacIntyre is a contemporary philosopher of Ethics and Politics best known for his book “After virtue”, 1981. The originality and relevance of this work lie in the presentation of his articles from the 1970’s about medicine and medical ethics, which are unexplored in Bioethics. In these articles, MacIntyre criticizes changes in society transforming the physician-patient relationship: fragmentary moral views, individualism, misunderstanding of scientism and fallibility of the practice, as well as the lost background of common values and medical authority. From a teleological perspective, MacIntyre describes internal goods of medicine and physician’s virtues: reliability, fairness, courage, humility and even, friendship.
Reforma curricular e intenção profissional de especialização médica
Authors: Chehuen Neto José Antonio , Ferreira Renato Erothildes , Andrade Andressa Carvalho Quinet de , Oliveira Jonas Munck de , Bresser Matheus , Apolinário Matheus Magalhães , Barros Pedro Murari de
Published: January 2020

Resumo A reforma determinada pelas Diretrizes Curriculares Nacionais do curso de graduação em medicina estabeleceu como eixo do modelo didático-assistencial a atenção primária à saúde. Contudo, a escolha pela especialização pode ser influenciada por fatores individuais, culturais e socioeconômicos. O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar os aspectos que motivam estudantes na escolha da carreira e o impacto da reforma curricular nesta decisão. Trata-se de pesquisa transversal, descritiva e quantitativa, com aplicação de questionários pela internet a 1.006 alunos de medicina das cinco regiões do Brasil. Concluiu-se que houve pouco interesse por medicina de família e comunidade (1,5%; n=15), ginecologia e obstetrícia (3,1%; n=31) e pediatria (4,7%; n=47). A afinidade pela área foi o principal fator nessa escolha, sendo considerada “muito importante” por 91,1% (n=916) dos discentes, seguida pelo estilo de vida pretendido (56,8% n=571).
Percepção de coerção de pacientes submetidos a procedimento médico invasivo
Authors: Wittmann-Vieira Rosmari , Goldim José Roberto
Published: January 2020

Resumo Este estudo objetiva avaliar a percepção de coerção em adultos e idosos internados submetidos a procedimento médico invasivo. Utilizou-se método transversal quantitativo, com 300 pacientes internados após cirurgia, com escala de percepção de coerção. Compararam-se proporções e possíveis associações entre grupos, gêneros, procedimentos eletivos, de urgência e grau de complexidade. Foram realizadas análises estatísticas descritivas e inferenciais. Os resultados apontam que a maioria dos pacientes (82,7%) tem baixa percepção de coerção, independente do grau de complexidade das operações. Porém, a percepção aumenta nos procedimentos de urgência, quando comparados aos eletivos, independentemente da idade ( p <0,0001). A percepção de coerção, de modo geral, foi baixa, pois a maioria dos participantes sentiu-se envolvida na decisão de realizar o procedimento. Verificou-se respeito à autonomia dos pacientes, já que a equipe médica compartilhou com eles e a família a decisão de operar, resultado adequado do ponto de vista bioético.
Situação epidemiológica da coqueluche no Distrito Federal entre 2007 e 2016
Authors: Ribeiro Rosangela Maria Magalhães , Mendes Vanessa Avelar
Published: January 2020

Resumo A vigilância da coqueluche intensificou-se no Brasil com o aumento de casos a partir de 2012. Em 2015, a quantidade de notificações no Distrito Federal diminuiu, possivelmente devido à introdução da vacina adsorvida difteria, tétano e pertussis acelular para gestantes em novembro de 2014 no país. Trata-se de estudo descritivo, baseado na revisão das notificações compulsórias de coqueluche no Sistema de Notificação Nacional entre 2007 e 2016. Constatou-se que a doença atinge principalmente crianças menores de 1 ano com esquemas vacinais incompletos. A administração dessa vacina para gestantes mostrou-se importante ferramenta para proteger bebês menores de 6 meses.
Perception of elderly related to the risk of falls and their associated factors
Authors: Blaz Bruna Soares Vasques , Azevedo Rosemeiry Capriata de Souza , Agulhó Daniela Luzia Zagoto , Reiners Annelita Almeida Oliveira , Segri Neuber José , Pinheiro Tiago Antônio Borges
Published: January 2020

ABSTRACT Objective: To analyze the association of the perception of the elderly on the risk factors for falls. Methods: An Analytical cross-sectional study with 190 elderly from the Healthy Longevity Program of a public university in Mato Grosso, from May to August 2016. The collection wasdone through a structured interview and vignettes. Performed descriptive and bivariate analyzes - Pearson chi-square test (x2) significance level of 5%. The crude and adjusted prevalence ratios (PR), with confidence intervals (95%), were also estimated, followed by Poisson multiple regression. Results: Of the participants, 64.2% had a satisfactory perception about the risk factors for falls. The prevalence of unsatisfactory risk perception was 105% higher in those with income from 1 to 3 minimum wages, 75% higher in those with low risk of falls and 46% higher in those who did not attend another social group. Conclusion and implications for the practice: A significant proportion of the elderly have an unsatisfactory risk perception for the risk factors for falls associated with low income, not attending another social group and the low risk of falls. Knowledge about the risk perception of falls in the elderly helps nurses to plan and implement fall prevention programs for this population.
Sob a máscara de Dioniso: a recepção de Nietzsche pela poesia de Augusto dos Anjos
Authors: Casemiro Fábio Martinelli
Published: January 2020

Resumo Este artigo demonstra a recepção do pensamento de Friedrich Nietzsche pela poesia de Augusto dos Anjos (1884 - 1914), poeta brasileiro que, em vida, publica sua única obra intitulada Eu (1912). A tragicidade com que o poeta opera, ironicamente, as máscaras que veste e despe ao longo de sua obra (que organicamente funciona como grande peça trágica); a força apolínea com que desenha as imagens que carregam uma musicalidade tão dilaceratória e incandescente (e , por isso , dionisíaca) são estratégias essenciais da poesia angelina que, certamente dialogam com a filosofia poética de Nietzsche.
Ser “bons Europeus” - sem a Europa
Authors: Boffi Guido
Published: January 2020

Resumo: Este artigo tem como objetivo mostrar como Nietzsche modela o conceito de “bom Europeu” em estreita referência ao seu conceito de síntese. Para entender o processo de síntese, devemos estudar o funcionamento do corpo como sistema de conflitos e de domínio. Os bons europeus de Nietzsche são homens capazes de uma síntese superior. Supranacionalistas e supraeuropeus são defensores do desenvolvimento da civilização após a libertação completa da moral cristã.
Quando a ciência é ídolo: um comentário crítico sobre a psicologia moral nietzschiana de Leiter
Authors: Backendorf Jonas
Published: January 2020

Resumo: A finalidade deste artigo é bastante pontual e específica: evidenciar os problemas do tratamento acrítico dado à psicologia por Brian Leiter em seu recente Moral Psychology with Nietzsche (2019). O autor inclui, sem se empenhar em qualquer discussão metodológica, a psicologia no rol do que chama de “ciências bem-sucedidas”, tomadas como i) certificadoras do m-naturalismo nietzschiano; ii) dotadas de primazia sobre a própria filosofia na determinação do que é um “raciocínio filosófico” significativo; iii) fornecedoras de um amplo e inconteste corpo de evidências de que a psicologia moral de Nietzsche “está certa” em relação a teses profundamente complexas. Minha exposição consiste em mapear a construção conceitual desse m-naturalismo, e, posteriormente, evidenciar que não há, na psicologia empírica contemporânea, nada próximo da caracterização pretendida por Leiter.
“Diante da Lei” A “moralidade do costume” entre Nietzsche e Kant
Authors: Lupo Luca
Published: January 2020

Resumo: A expressão “moralidade do costume” aparece pela primeira vez em Aurora e é significativamente reproduzida em Para a genealogia da moral. Uma pesquisa dos textos nos quais tal expressão é utilizada revela sua centralidade no estudo genealógico nietzschiano, e como ela está ligada a uma decisiva comparação com a filosofia prática de Kant.
O encontro com o mal. O jovem Nietzsche diante da doença (1844-1862)
Authors: Zacchini Simone
Published: January 2020

Resumo Este artigo examina um período muito breve da juventude de Nietsche, de seu nascimento a 1862. Durante estes anos Nietzsche descobre progressivamente que o mundo encantado ao interno do qual ele nascera, protegido e seguro, não é imune ao mal e às doenças. Neste estudo examina-se todas as doenças que Nietzsche viu entrar em casa, através do pai, dos parentes e dos amigos. Antes mesmo que sua biografia registrasse patologias que ele carregará consigo até o fim (dores de cabeça, nos olhos, no estômago etc.), Nietzsche encontrará as feições do mal nas formas históricas que a sua época registrou (cólera, escarlatina, tifo) deixando marcas indeléveis no seu imaginário.
Influence of graded glass fibres on strain hardening and strain softening behaviour of CGGF under uniaxial stress
Authors: Kasagani Hanuma , Teja Prathipati Sri Ram Ravi , Rao Chittem Butchi Kamiswara
Published: January 2020

In this investigation, four different lengths of glass fibres were blended together in a graded glass fibre form – that is, short graded glass fibre (SGGF: 3 + 6 mm), long graded glass fibre (LGGF: 12 + 20 mm) and combined graded glass fibre (CGGF: 3 + 6 + 12 + 20 mm) – and added to the concrete. The uniaxial tension and compression behaviour of M50 grade concrete with graded glass fibres at three different volume fractions – that is, 0·3, 0·4 and 0·5% – for five different fibre volume combinations were studied. It was observed that adding SGGF to the concrete results in higher peak strength and adding LGGF to the concrete resulted in higher post-peak deformation. The best performance was exhibited by the combination of SGGF  and  LGGF (CGGF) for the same volume fraction of fibres, and this was attributed to the grading of the different fibre lengths, which can control the different scales of cracking and thus contribute to the increase in pre-peak strength and post-peak deformations. Finally, from this study it was concluded that the strain softening behaviour in compression was influenced by the strain hardening behaviour in the tension of graded-glass-fibre-reinforced concrete.
Aggregation of a pyrrolidinium surfactant in the presence of polymers and hydrotropes
Authors: Vasilieva Elmira A , Vasileva Leysan A , Valeeva Farida G , Karimova Taliya R , Zakharov Sergey V , Lukashenko Svetlana S , Kuryashov Dmitry A , Gaynanova Gulnara A , Bashkirtseva Natalia Yu , Zakharova Lucia Ya
Published: January 2020

The functional properties (aggregation, solubilization, rheological) of a pyrrolidinium surfactant with a hexadecyl hydrocarbon tail and a hydroxyethyl moiety at the nitrogen (N) atom in the presence of polymers (poly(acrylic acid), poly(ethylene glycol) and poly(vinylpyrrolidone)) and hydrotropes (sodium salicylate, sodium benzoate and sodium tosylate) were investigated. It was established that the addition of sodium salicylate to an aqueous solution of a cationic surfactant leads to a sevenfold decrease in the critical micelle concentration and a four-order increase in solution viscosity. It was shown that the formation of mixed polymer–colloidal systems of the pyrrolidinium surfactant with uncharged polymers is expressed very weakly. In the case of poly(acrylic acid), it is determined by the value of its molecular mass: the greatest synergetic effect (the highest aggregating and solubilizing ability) is observed in the presence of a low-molecular-mass poly(acrylic acid).
FSGS-Causing INF2 Mutation Impairs Cleaved INF2 N-Fragment Functions in Podocytes
Authors: Subramanian Balajikarthick , Chun Justin , Perez-Gill Chandra , Yan Paul , Stillman Isaac E. , Higgs Henry N. , Alper Seth L. , Schlöndorff Johannes S. , Pollak Martin R.
Published: January 2020

Background

Mutations in the gene encoding inverted formin-2 (INF2), a member of the formin family of actin regulatory proteins, are among the most common causes of autosomal dominant FSGS. INF2 is regulated by interaction between its N-terminal diaphanous inhibitory domain (DID) and its C-terminal diaphanous autoregulatory domain (DAD). INF2 also modulates activity of other formins, such as the mDIA subfamily, and promotes stable microtubule assembly. Why the disease-causing mutations are restricted to the N terminus and how they cause human disease has been unclear.

Methods

We examined INF2 isoforms present in podocytes and evaluated INF2 cleavage as an explanation for immunoblot findings. We evaluated the expression of INF2 N- and C-terminal fragments in human kidney disease conditions. We also investigated the localization and functions of the DID-containing N-terminal fragment in podocytes and assessed whether the FSGS-associated R218Q mutation impairs INF2 cleavage or the function of the N-fragment.

Results

The INF2-CAAX isoform is the predominant isoform in podocytes. INF2 is proteolytically cleaved, a process mediated by cathepsin proteases, liberating the N-terminal DID to function independently. Although the N-terminal region normally localizes to podocyte foot processes, it does not do so in the presence of FSGS-associated INF2 mutations. The C-terminal fragment localizes to the cell body irrespective of INF2 mutations. In podocytes, the N-fragment localizes to the plasma membrane, binds mDIA1, and promotes cell spreading in a cleavage-dependent way. The disease-associated R218Q mutation impairs these N-fragment functions but not INF2 cleavage.

Conclusions

INF2 is cleaved into an N-terminal DID–containing fragment and a C-terminal DAD–containing fragment. Cleavage allows the N-terminal fragment to function independently and helps explain the clustering of FSGS-associated mutations.
Wenlock and Ludlow (Silurian) rugose corals from the type section of the Jack Formation, Broken River Provence, northeast Queensland
Authors: Munson T J , Jell J S
Published: January 2020

The Jack Formation forms part of the Silurian Graveyard Creek Group within the Graveyard Creek Subprovince in northeast Queensland. The formation comprises alternating intervals of carbonate and siliciclastic rocks deposited in a shallow-marine setting. It is very fossiliferous at a number of levels, and contains numerous species of conodonts, rugose and tabulate corals, stromatoporoids, trilobites, brachiopods, crinoids, low-spired gastropods, molluscs, other invertebrates, microvertebrates, and algae. Conodont data indicate that the succession is Wenlock to Ludlow in age at the type section along the Broken River in the Jack Hills Gorge area. Fourteen rugose coral species and one subspecies, referable to eleven genera, are described from the type section of the Jack Formation. New taxa described are Aphyllum pachystele sp. nov., Pycnostylus polyphyllodus sp. nov., Multicarinophyllum vepreculatum sp. nov., Dokophyllum hillae sp. nov., Vesicospina julli gen. et sp. nov. and Ptychophyllum variatum sp. nov. The rugose coral fauna shows a high degree of endemism with only four species recorded outside the Broken River Province. Within eastern Australia, it is comparable with a Gorstian to early Ludfordian fauna of the Yass district, New South Wales (3 species in common), and 1–2 species are also shared with coral faunas from other Silurian localities in New South Wales, Victoria and Tasmania. At the species level, there is very little in common with overseas faunas.
A PROCESS MODEL OF MANAGEMENT ACCOUNTING CHANGE BASED ON THE INSTITUIONAL THEORY CONTRIBUTIONS
Authors: Wanderley Cláudio de Araújo
Published: January 2020

This paper aims to theorise the complexities of the process of management accounting change from an institutional perspective. Institutional theory has been widely used to study management accounting change. However, the institutional literature on management accounting change is fragmented and disjointed, providing an unstructured picture of dynamics and outcomes of the process of management accounting change. This situation makes the task of explaining the complexity of management accounting change extremely difficult. In this paper we argue that the complexity of management accounting change comprises four key elements: (1) the internal and external pressures for change and the interplay between them; (2) the role of agency; (3) the idiosyncratic internal elements; and (4) the process of institutionalisation. Drawing on institutional theory and these four elements of management accounting change, we developed an integrated framework that is able to capture and examine the macro and micro level dynamics in management accounting change.
Uma abordagem para avaliação da qualidade do processo de pesquisa em Contabilidade
Authors: Oliveira José Renato Sena , De Andrade Martins Gilberto
Published: January 2020

Objetivo: analisar o processo de construção da produção científica em Contabilidade ao associar atributos de qualidade de uma boa pesquisa descritos na literatura com aqueles percebidos nas práticas de pesquisadores da área.

Método: foi utilizada a Técnica Delphi Modificada, em duas rodadas, com questionários online e acesso personalizado. O painel foi composto por 41 docentes de 19 Programas de Pós-Graduação em Contabilidade brasileiros. Foi elaborada uma matriz de orientação com 53 atributos/relações vinculados a critérios gerais de qualidade e a nove características-chave, avaliados pelos respondentes de acordo com a aderência às suas práticas de pesquisa.

Resultados: aproximadamente 3/4 das proposições receberam nível forte de concordância. Entretanto, atributos que atingiram níveis baixo ou moderado incluem itens que podem comprometer a qualidade e integridade da pesquisa, como os relacionados aos princípios éticos, aos erros e vieses e aos impactos da participação da equipe sobre os resultados.

Contribuições: a avaliação da produção científica, concentrada nos resultados, é limitada para evidenciar aos pesquisadores da área suas possíveis falhas no processo de pesquisa. O estudo pode impactar o campo, ao ajudar pesquisadores a autoavaliarem suas pesquisas, identificarem deficiências e limitações, resultando em maior aceitação e encurtamento do processo de submissão aos periódicos.
Akıllı Cep Telefonu Bağımlılığı: Kişilik Özellikleri ve Kullanım Örüntülerinin Etkinliği Üzerine Bir İnceleme
Authors: BAL Enes , BALCI Şükrü
Published: January 2020

Günümüzde dünyasında akıllı cep telefonları; önemli bilgi ve iletişim teknolojileri olarak
kullanılmaktadır. Önceleri sadece aramalar ve yazılı/resimli mesaj gönderme kabiliyetine
sahip olan cep telefonları; artık e-posta ve Internet erişimi, kısa mesafeli kablosuz
iletişim, oyun ve eğlence, müzik dinleme, iş, sosyal ağ, TV izleme, fotoğrafçılık, video
çekme veya yol tarifi alma ve GPS kullanma dâhil birçok işlevi yerine getirmektedir. Bu
haliyle cep telefonları, insanlık tarihinde en çok kullanılan teknolojilerden biri haline
gelmiş durumdadır. Halen, dünya genelinde 4,5 milyardan fazla insan cep telefonu
kullanmaktadır (www.trthaber.com). Birçok yönden insanların hayatını kolaylaştıran bu
teknoloji harikaları; aşırı kullanım sonunda bağımlılık oluşturabilmektedir. Özellikle diğer
iletişim araçlarıyla kıyaslandığında cep telefonu taşıma ve bağlantı kurmadaki kolaylık;
bağımlılığı daha güçlü yapabilmektedir. İşte bu araştırma üniversite öğrencisi gibi
toplumun genç ve dinamik kesiminin cep telefonu bağımlılık düzeyini, bağımlılık ile kişilik
özellikleri ve kullanım örüntüsü arasındaki ilişkiyi ortaya koymayı amaçlamaktadır. Saha
araştırması yönteminin kullanıldığı çalışmada; veriler 415 katılımcıdan yüz yüze anket
tekniğiyle toplanmıştır. Araştırmada sonucunda üniversite öğrencilerinin orta düzey
bağımlılığa sahip olduğu ortaya çıkmıştır. Kadınların bağımlılık düzeyleri, erkeklerden
daha yüksektir. Günlük cep telefonu kullanım süresi arttıkça, bağımlılık düzeyinde bir
artış yaşanmaktadır. Kişilik özellikleri içinde Nörotiklik ve Özdenetimlilik; cep telefonu
bağımlılığının negatif anlamlı belirleyicisi konumundadır.