bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Student nurses' perceptions of the nurse manager as a 'servant leader'
Authors: Jooste K , Joordan E
Published: March 2022

South Africa focuses on service delivery at primary health care (PHC) clinics. A 'servant leader' could guide student nurses towards service delivery at PHC clinics. The purpose of this study was to describe the role of nurse managers acting as servant leaders of student nurses at some PHC clinics in the Johannesburg, South Africa, area. A quantitative, exploratory and descriptive design was followed. The accessible population comprised 302 third- and fourth-year diploma and degree student nurses enrolled at a university in Johannesburg and its affiliated nursing college who were allocated to PHC clinics for learning experience. A survey was conducted by means of a structured questionnaire which was returned by 288 (95%) respondents. The findings indicated that student nurses perceived shortcomings in the nurse managers as 'servant leaders' regarding empowerment, compassion and role modelling. Nurse managers should be briefed with regard to empowering student nurses, showing compassion and role modelling during interaction with them as well as building relationships of trust between them and the student nurses.
Growth Performance and Biochemical Composition of Tetradesmus obliquus in Media with Different Phosphorus Concentrations
Authors: Akgül Rıza , Akgül Füsun
Published: March 2022

In this study, the effects of phosphorus on culture growth and biochemical composition of Tetradesmus obliquus were investigated. T. obliquus was cultivated in medium with different P concentrations. Cell number, optical density and dry weight values were measured every other day and total protein and lipid content, amino acid and fatty acids profiles were detected. The highest cell number (2905x104), optical density (1.07) and dry weight (0.04 mgL-1) were observed in 75% P+ medium. 50% P- medium has the highest (47.7% of dry weight) protein amount and the maximum of total lipid content (17.08% of dry weight) was determined in 75% P- medium. 75% P+ medium has the highest total amino acid value (64.37 mgg-1 dry weight) and 75% P- medium has the lowest (55.22 mgg-1dry weight). The highest saturated fatty acids (23.57%) and mono-unsaturated fatty acids (19.97%) were observed in 50% P- medium. The second highest percentages of polyunsaturated fatty acids values were in the 75% P- medium (48.63 %). These results show that phosphorus limitation increases the total protein, lipid and fatty acid methyl esters amounts and restricts the cell division and anabolic reaction. An excess in phosphorus has an enhancing effect on amino acid synthesis.
ГРИБНЫЕ БОЛЕЗНИ ХВОЙНЫХ КУЛЬТУР И МЕРЫ ЗАЩИТЫ ПОСАДОЧНОГО МАТЕРИАЛА
Authors: Холмурадов Э.А. , Хуррамов А.Г. , Камилов Ш.Г.
Published: March 2022

В статье обсуждаются вопрсы регулирования развития инфекционных болезней молодых растений хвойных культур при их выращивании в питомниках.В питомнике при выращивании сеянцев наиболее вредоносной болезнью является корневые гнили., а в школке на подросших растениях отмечались поражения хвои - усыхание хвои и побегов можжевельника, или некрозы. В работе изучалось протравливание семенного материала хвойных культур (можжевельника и сосны) и апробация современных фунгицидов против усыхания хвои и побегов молодых растений можжевельника.Из испытанных протравителей наиболее эффективным на можжевельнике является препарат Максим. При норме расхода 1,0 л/т этого препарата биологическая эффективность достигала 83,9%, а в норме 1,5 л/т- 85,9%. Биологическая эффективность применения протравителя на соснах также была высока и составляла 72,9 и 77,8% при нормах расхода 1,0 л/т и 1,5 л/т соответсвенно.При применении фунгицидов против некрозов наиболее высокая биологическая эффективность отмечалась у препарата Превикур SL, затем следует Байлетон 25% с.п., затем Сегра 80% с.п. Так, макисамальное значение приходилось на 15 день, когда она составляла у Превикура – 90,9%, Байлетона 86,5% и Сегра – 78,2%.
USING MACHINE LEARNING METHODS FOR PROCESSING SPECTRAL CHARACTERISTICS OF BIOLOGICAL OBJECTS IN DIAGNOSTIC PROBLEMS
Authors: Якупов Р.Р. , Билялов А.Р. , Ковтуненко А.С.
Published: March 2022

В статье предлагается подход к обработке данных спектрального анализа биоматериалов, основанный на технологии машинного обучения. Использование аппарата теории распознавания образов и искусственных нейронных сетей позволяет извлекать из данных спектроскопии информацию каче­ственного характера. Это дает возможность применять спектроскопию в диагностике как быстрый метод исследования тканей. Предложен алгоритм обработки спектров комбинационного рассеяния света, показана его эффективность на примере идентификации злокачественных новообразований.

The article proposes an approach to the processing of spectral analysis data of biomaterials based on machine learning technology. Using the apparatus of pattern recognition theory and artificial neural networks allows you to extract qualitative information from spectroscopic data. This allows the use of spectroscopy in diagnostics as a fast method for examining tissues. An algorithm for processing the spectra of Raman scattering of light is proposed, its efficiency is shown by the example of the identification of malignant tumors.
THE EFFECT OF ANTI-FRICTION COATINGS ON THE WEAR OF THE CUTTING TOOL IN MACHINING OF STEEL 40X
Authors: Власенков А.Н. , Пяткин Д.Б. , Михайлов А.В.
Published: March 2022

В статье приведены результаты исследования влияния твердого антифрикционного покрытия на износ сверла при обработке стали 40Х. Представлена зависимость интенсивности износа обработанного ин­струмента от времени его работы.

The article studies the influence of solid antifriction coating on the wear of a drill when processing steel 40X. Dependence of the wear rate of the treated tool on its working time is presented.
DECISION SUPPORT METHODOLOGY IN DETERMINING THE AGREED COST OF THE BASIC SET OF FIRE SAFETY ASSESSMENT SERVICES AT THE FUEL AND ENERGY COMPLEX FACILITIES USING STRATEGIC PLANNING METHODS TO CREATE AN AUTOMATED DECISION SUPPORT SUBSYSTEM
Authors: Бутузов С.Ю. , Самарин И.В. , Строгонов А.Ю.
Published: March 2022

Предложены методические подходы к основанной на методах стратегического планирования методике поддержки принятия решений по стоимости базового комплекта услуг оценки обеспечения пожарной безопасности на объектах топливно-энергетического комплекса между заказчиком и един­ственным поставщиком услуг в области обеспечения пожарной безопасности. Целью статья является проведение дальнейшей автоматизации поддержки принятий решений в рамках развития систем управ­ления предприятиями различных отраслей промышленности, где используются автоматизированные системы управления технологическими процессами и производствами и высок риск возникновения опасных ситуаций, связанных с пожарами, взрывами и подобными им техногенными чрезвычайными ситуациями.

Methodical approaches to the methods of strategic planning based on the methods of decision support methods for the cost of a basic set of services for fire safety assessment at the facilities of the fuel and energy complex between the customer and the only service provider in the field of fire safety are proposed. The article is aimed at further automation of decision support in the development of management systems of enterprises of various industries, which use automated control systems of technological processes and production and high risk of dangerous situations associated with fires, explosions and similar man-made emergencies.
INFLUENCE OF RADIOACTIVITY AND ENTROPY ON CONCENTRATION OF GOLD IN BREEDS AND ORES
Authors: Моисеенко В.Г. , Кузнецова И.В. , Моисеенко Н.В.
Published: March 2022

На примере крупных зарубежных и российских золото-урановых месторождений, показана тесная геохимическая связь радиоактивных и благородных элементов. Установлено, что в золотоносном Амуро-Зейском бассейне связь урана и золота в рудах месторождений прослеживается только на наноуровне. Показано, что в начале формирования главной, продуктивной на золото, стадии отлагались радиоактивные минералы (изотоп Калия-40) и при завершении – уран в гёссите. За счет энергии, выделяемой при распаде радиоактивных изотопов, активизируется образование и укрупнение самородного золота, а энтропия определяет его концентрацию в кварце.

By the example of the large-scale foreign and Russian gold-uranium deposits, close geochemical connection of radioactive and noble elements has been shown. It´s been established that in the gold-bearing Amur-Zeya basin gold-uranium correlation in ores of fields is traced only at the nanolevel. It has been shown that at the beginning of formation of the gold-productive main stage radioactive minerals (Potassium-40 isotope) deposited and at the completion – uranium in a hessite. Due to the energy, the nuclear disintegration native gold formation and coarsening becomes more active, and the entropy defines its concentration in quartz.
THE ALGORITHM OF MONITORING OF FIRE AND EXPLOSION SAFETY IN THE APCS AT OBJECTS OF FUEL AND ENERGY COMPLEX USING BY STRATEGIC PLANNING METHODS
Authors: Самарин И.В.
Published: March 2022

В исследовании описаны методы применения стратегического планирования при решении задач мониторинга выполнения мероприятий пожарной безопасности на объектах топливно-энергетического комплекса (ТЭК) в соответствии с текущими планами. Для проведения такого мониторинга представлен разработанный обратный метод решающих матриц, позволяющий оценить эффективность выполнения мероприятия пожарной безопасности в определённый момент по отношению к поставленной общей цели. С его помощью возможно также прогнозировать выполнение планов обеспечения пожарной безопасности объекта ТЭК. В работе приведена блок-схема алгоритма мониторинга в интересах лица, принимающего решения (ЛПР), по различным направлениям пожарной безопасности в автоматизированной системе управления технологическими процессами (АСУТП) по обратному методу решающих матриц. В качестве примера в статье решена задача определения достижимости целей, предусмотренных планом мероприятий пожарной безопасности. Для наиболее полного описания такого плана применена схема с шестью уровнями промежуточных целей. Описанный порядок расчета позволит ЛПР на объекте ТЭК определить ожидаемую степень выполнения мероприятий пожарной безопасности. Реализация предложенного алгоритма в виде подсистемы АСУТП может стать эффективным инструментом ЛПР в процессе оценки состояния оборудования в АСУТП.

The study describes the methods of strategic planning in solving the problems of monitoring the implementation of fire safety at facilities of the fuel and energy complex current planning. The developed inverse method of decision matrix is presented is presented to monitor. It allows to evaluate the effectiveness of fire safety at some point relative to the goals. With its help, it is also possible to forecast the implementation of fire safety plans at facilities of the fuel and energy complex. This paper presents the algorithm of monitoring in the interests of the decision maker (DM) in various areas of fire safety in the automated process control system (APCS) with use the inverse method of decision matrix. As an example, the problem of determining the achievability of the goals has been solved. These goals are included in the plan of the fire safety actions. A scheme with six levels of intermediate goals is applied for the complete description of such a plan. The described calculation procedure will allow the DM at the fuel and energy complex to determine the expected degree of implementation of fire safety actions. The implementation of the proposed algorithm in the form of a subsystem of the APCS can be an effective tool to process of evaluation of the state of the equipment in the APCS.
Reactivity of a Unique Si(I)-Si(I)-based η2-bis(silylene) Iron Complex
Authors: He Zhiyuan , Lingyu Liu , de Zwart Felix , Xue Xiaolian , Ehlers Andreas , Yan KaKing , Demeshko Serhiy , van der Vlugt Jarl Ivar , de Bruin Bas , Krogman Jeremy
Published: March 2022

In this paper we report the synthesis of a unique silicon(I)-based metalla-disilirane and report on its reactivity towards TMS-azide and benzophenone. Metal complexes containing disilylenes ((bis)silylenes with a Si‒Si bond) are known, but direct ligation of the Si(I) centers to transition metals has thus far always resulted in formation of multinuclear species. To overcome this problem, we targeted the formation of a mononuclear iron(0)-silicon(I)-based disilylene complex via templated synthesis, starting with ligation of a Si(II)- source to iron(II), followed by a two-step reduction. The DFT structure of the resulting η2-disilylene-iron complex reveals metal-to-silicon -back donation and a delocalized three-center-two-electron (3c‒2e) aromatic system. The Si(I)‒Si(I) bond displays unusual but well-defined reactivity. With TMS-azide, both the azide adduct and the four-membered nitrene complex could be isolated. Reaction with benzophenone led to selective 1,4-addition into the SiSi bond. This work reveals that selective reactions of Si(I)‒Si(I) bonds are made possible by metal ligation.
La estructura organizacional, el agile mindset y el gobierno de TI para la transformación digital de las empresas
Authors: Fernández del Pomar Marco A.
Published: March 2022

El presente artículo describe los bloques fundamentales que las organizaciones deberían considerar para poder realizar, de forma exitosa, una transformación digital. Se describirá como una estructura organizacional adecuada, un cambio cultural hacia el agile mindset y una correcta implementación de un gobierno corporativo de TI pueden impulsar a las empresas a alcanzar los cinco dominios de la transformación digital y generar el cambio deseado.
Complex Questions of Qualification of Environmental Crimes Committed by Several Persons
Authors:   Irkutsk State University, Zabavko R. A. , Kukovyakin A. E. ,   Omsk Academy of the Ministry of the Interior of Russia
Published: March 2022

The complex issues of qualification of environmental crimes related to the legal assessment of persons who jointly commit environmental crimes are considered. It has been established that the issues of legal assessment of accomplices in practice cause difficulties in connection with the assessment of the special wrongfulness of the perpetrators, who, as a rule, seek to hide the presence of guilt by indicating ignorance of the illegality of the actions of their accomplices. Recommendations are given for introducing amendments and additions to the guiding resolutions of the Plenum of the Supreme Court of the Russian Federation, which can qualitatively improve the protection of public relations that ensure the safety of the environment and natural resources. It is noted that significant difficulties are associated with the legal assessment of accomplices of illegal hunting, the co-executors of which, by distributing responsibilities for the search, tracking, pursuit, extraction, primary processing and transportation of hunting resources, often hide their true intentions and evade responsibility. At the same time, excessive repressiveness is also noted, suggesting objective imputation in case of illegal hunting, which is unacceptable. Separately, the issues of joint co-infliction in the commission of careless environmental crimes are considered.
Use of Mathematical Modeling Methods for Prediction of Crimes of Corruption and Bribery
Authors:   Irkutsk Law Institute, Nikonov P. V.
Published: March 2022

Predicting changes in corruption-related crime is important for quality work to counter it. Identifying the main trends, establishing the probabilistic state of the development of these crimes makes it possible to create a real model to counter it, effectively use forces and means, plan organizational, technical and other measures, take into account the real risks for the economy and society. One of the best ways to predict corruption crimes and bribery is the use of mathematical modeling, in the implementation of which it is possible to reveal the hidden patterns of the dynamics of these types of crimes and use them to create reliable forecasts. In the arti-cle, on the basis of mathematical modeling methods, a forecast of the development of indicators of corruption-related crimes, as well as bribery, is carried out. The purpose of this article is to build a mathematically sound model for predicting changes in corrup-tion crime, which could make reliable short-term and medium-term forecasts. Therefore, the research tasks are as follows: the need to establish the factors that influence the development of corruption crimes, the characteristic of the approximation of trend models for statistical data on bribery, the preparation and verification of forecasts. As an instrumental conclusion, it was found that to pre-dict the indicators of giving, receiving bribery, a fifth-degree polynomial function is needed, but a second-degree polynomial is enough to describe the dynamics of crimes associated with mediation in their commission. As a result, a general conclusion was drawn that in the medium term there will be a slight decrease in the indicators of corruption crimes and a simultaneous increase in the number of mediation of their commission.
New general solution of a family higher order differential equations and its application to solve multipoint-integral problems
Authors: T Anar  Assanova , E Askarbek Imanchiyev
Published: March 2022

The family multipoint-integral problems of higher order differential equations is considered.An effective method for solving to family multipoint-integral problems for higher order differential equations is offered. A domain is divided into m parts, the values of a solution at the beginning lines of the subdomains are considered as functional parameters, and the family higher order differential equations are reduced to the family Cauchy problems on the subdomains forsystem of differential equations with functional parameters. Using the solutions to these family problems, new general solutions to family higher order differential equations are introduced and their properties are established. Based on the general solution, family multipoint-integral problems, and continuity conditions of a solution at the interior lines of the partition, the linear system of functional equations with respect to parameters is composed. Algorithms for finding solutions to families of multipoint-integral problems for higher order differential equations are constructed and conditions for unique solvability are established in the terms of initial data.
The Goal Problem in the 'Now What' Problem
Authors: Zhao Xinkan
Published: March 2022

In this discussion note, I argue that the philosophers who propose solutions to the 'now what' problem for error theory typically face a goal problem. The problem has its root in the argument they back up their proposal with, which is one of instrumental reason, consisting of two premises. First, we as normal agents have a certain set of goals; second, agents with this set of goals instrumentally should accept their proposal. I argue that when we specify the set of goals with sufficient detail so that the second premise comes out true, the first premise will most likely come out false. These philosophers could retreat to a conditional solution, but that comes with the cost of the solution being less non-trivial; instead, they may try to establish the truth of the first premise, but that requires sufficient empirical investigation that no armchair speculation will suffice.
Why Paternalists Must Endorse Epistocracy
Authors: Brennan Jason , Freiman Christopher
Published: March 2022

Recent findings from psychology and behavioral economics suggest that we are “predictably irrational” in the pursuit of our interests. Paternalists from both the social sciences and philosophy use these findings to defend interfering with people's consumption choices for their own good. We should tax soda, ban cigarettes, and mandate retirement savings to make people healthier and wealthier than they’d be on their own. Our thesis is that the standard arguments offered in support of restricting people’s consumption choices for their own good also imply support for “epistocratic” restrictions on people’s voting choices for their own good. Indeed, the philosophical case for paternalistic restrictions on voting choices may be stronger than the case for restricting personal consumption choices. So, paternalists face a dilemma: either endorse less interference with consumption choices or more interference with voting choices.
15 anos! Uma trajetória construída coletivamente
Authors: Tessari Valéria Faria dos Santos , Bonadio Maria Claudia
Published: March 2022

Criada em 2007, a revista foi lançada no 2o Colóquio de Moda, realizado em Belo Horizonte (MG). Kathia Castilho e Tula Fiskatoris, as primeiras editoras da revista, encabeçaram o projeto e atuaram como agregadoras de uma vontade coletiva e compartilhada por amigxs, estudiosxs e profissionais da área, que discutiam e sonhavam com um periódico que funcionasse como espaço de encontros e trocas e, estrategicamente, como uma ação de construção do tema moda como área acadêmica no país. [...]
Fashion Desperados e a geração Sensation
Authors: Figueredo Henrique Grimaldi
Published: March 2022

Tomando as comunidades artísticas em Londres no final dos anos 1980 e início dos anos 1990 como foco, esse artigo pretende desnudar as condicionantes sociais, políticas e econômicas que permitiram a emergência das práticas do-it-yourself na arte e na moda. Identificando na remodelação curricular inglesa e no imaginário social do risco as conjunturas centrais dessas mudanças, demonstraremos como essa geração incorpora outra epistemologia da criação que irá reverberar em distintas ordens simbólicas e materiais, nomeadamente, (i) na reativação do East End; (ii) na criação de empreendedorismos criativos; e, (iii) no rejuvenescimento das energias capitalísticas da cultura, incorporando na primeira década do novo milênio uma conversão das práticas DIY em práticas mainstream. Metodologicamente, utilizaremos uma extensa revisão bibliográfica assim como a aplicação de uma etnografia visual, de modo a constituir os lastros materiais que nos permitem traçar tais concatenações.
What is the Relationship Between Sleep and Alzheimer’s Disease? A Narrative Review
Authors: Gobraeil Samuel , Rizq Gina
Published: March 2022

Introduction: Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is the most common neurodegenerative disorder, impacting 55 million people worldwide. With rates on the rise, research is continually being conducted to examine risk factors that are contributing to its growing prevalence. There is growing evidence showing a bidirectional relationship between sleep and AD, where poor sleep contributes to the development of AD, and conversely, AD pathology impairs patients’ sleep quality and quantity.
Methods: A narrative review was conducted in a systematic fashion using the databases PubMed, Embase and the Cochrane Library. After performing a literature search, high-quality relevant sources are selected, and data were extracted and analyzed to explore the relationship between AD and lack of sleep.
Results: A bi-directional relationship was suggested based off evidence which was gathered from longitudinal studies and cross-sectional studies. As well as experimental studies which was focused on the mechanisms of AD, including tau protein aggregation and beta-amyloid accumulation.
Discussion: Results showed that there could be a potential bi-directional relationship when discussing AD and sleep. In AD, metabolic waste known as beta-amyloid creates neurotoxic plaques which form in the spaces between neurons. Studies suggest that Aβ has an important role to play in sleep as increased sleep disturbances are present with Aβ accumulation. Conversely, after losing one night of sleep, there is an increase in beta-amyloid, highlighting the role of sleep in metabolite clearance. Another AD protein associated with sleep is tau. Poor sleep is associated with clumping of tau, forming toxic tangles inside neurons which injure tissues nearby and contributes to cognitive impairment. However, it still difficult to conclude the directionality of sleep and AD due to limitations on the current technologies used to detect amyloid-beta and tau.
Conclusion: This narrative review concludes that a bi-directional relationship may be present between sleep abnormalities and AD. Management of poor sleep quality should be further considered as a potential prophylactic intervention against AD.
An Updated Overview of the Treatment of Colorectal and Gastric Cancer Using Saffron
Authors: Darroudi Mahdieh , Nazari Elnaz , Khalili-Tanha Nima , Rezayi Majid , Khazaei Majid
Published: March 2022

Despite the increasing number of drugs and treatments available for cancer patients, the effect of cancer on the quality of life of patients and their life expectancy is significant. Moreover, many new therapeutic options have shown to have adverse effects without improving outcomes. These days, natural plants and chemopreventive drugs are commonly used. Chemoprevention is a new form of therapy that targets specific premalignant-malignant transformations. Plant-derived substances, such as polyphenols, flavonoids, carotenoids, alkaloids, etc., have a range of biological effects. Despite extensive studies on the anti-inflammatory effect of saffron carotenoids, they are also bioactive in some other ways, including the inhibition of tumor growth and the induction of cell death. In addition to interfering with a wide array of signaling molecules, this substance has pleiotropic effects: it inhibits pro-inflammatory molecules, transcription factors, enzymes, protein kinases, protein transport proteins, proteins that are crucial for cell survival, growth factors, proteins that regulate the cell cycle, and chemokines. Saffron has high oral bioavailability and is, therefore, suitable for treating gastrointestinal diseases. This antioxidant and anti-proliferative property of saffron makes it a promising chemopreventive agent for colorectal cancer. In contrast with in vitro studies devoted to saffron and in vivo studies on animal models, saffron has rarely been assessed in clinical studies dealing with gastrointestinal oncology. However, several clinical trials are in progress in this domain, although saffron has no approved medical indication as of yet.
Pemberdayaan Kader dalam Pencegahan Stroke Berulang Di Wilayah RW 10 Kelurahan Kebun Sirih Kecamatan Menteng
Authors: Anwar Syamsul , Jumayah Wati , Kurwiyah Neneng , Setiyono Erwan , Ratna Diajeng , Juwita Dila , Jihan Siti
Published: March 2022

Penyakit stroke merupakan masalah kesehatan yang utama bagi masyarakat modern saat ini. dalam peningkatan kasus stoke maka diperlukan partisipasi aktif kader dalam program posyandu sebagai ujung tombak dari keberhasilan dari prioritas kampung sehat di wilayah RW 10 Kelurahan Kebun Sirih. Kegiatan deteksi dini adalah upaya penemuan Case Finding (penemuan kasus) pada pasien stroke di wilayah RW 10 Kelurahan Kebun Sirih. solusi dari permasalahan tersebut dengan terbentuknya Kampung sehat, kegiatan penemuan pasien Stroke secara aktif  terintegrasi dengan Gerakan Masyarakat dan pendekatan Keluarga Sehat, melalui pelatihan Kader. Metode yang digunakn menggunakan kegiatan gerakan pemberdayaan dengan  proses pemberian informasi secara terus menerus dan berkesinambungan. Pelaksanaan dengan partisipasi pihak mitra yang diharapkan dalam kegiatan ini adalah sebagai berikut: 1) Menyediakan tempat khusus untuk Kegiatan yang dilakukan oleh Kader 2) Mengikuti seluruh kegiatan dari identifikasi, penyuluhan/pelatihan, serta kegiatan monitoring dan pembimbingan 3) Berkomitmen tinggi untuk meneruskan dan melanjutkan penerapan teknik SFT. Hasil kegiatan dilakukan kegiatan pemberdayaan kader, bina suasana, monitoring dan pendampingan. kesimpulan Pengetahuan kader dalam pencegahan stroke berulang meningkat, dengan hal tersebut terbentuklah tim kader kampung bebas Stroke Berulang. Dimana kader ini bertugas untuk menemukan penderita, menyarankan untuk segera periksa dan mendampingi dalam pengobatan. Saran Diperlukannya Monitoring dan Pendampingan: Monitoring dilakukan oleh tim pengabdian masyarakat dalam upaya pengamatan pelaksanaan kegiatan guna menjamin bahwa rangkaian kegiatan tersebut sesuai dengan rencana yang telah ditetapkan sebelumnya.
Parents’ Education Level and Children’s BMI Explain Caries Distribution Among Kindergarten Students: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Fadel Hani T. , Alamray Shooq F. , Alsayed Shayma S. , Zolaly Ghayda Y. , Alsisi Layan H. , Bahammam Sarah A.
Published: March 2022

Background: Dental caries is a common but preventable, multifactorial disease in children. Among several others, it is influenced by child-and parent-related factors. Aims: To describe knowledge, attitude and practices about oral health among parents of kindergarten children and assess factors influencing caries distribution among the children. Methods: Parents of 290 kindergarten children in AlMadinah, Saudi Arabia, answered questions concerning their oral health knowledge, attitudes and practices. The children underwent an oral clinical examination. Data were collected between February and April 2018. Comparison between groups was done using the Kruskal–Wallis test. Results: All parents agreed on the importance of fluoride to strengthen teeth, while 91.7% thought that sweets have a negative impact on teeth. Almost all children ate sweets and candies (99%), while most of them used toothbrushes and fluoride to clean their teeth (98%). Only 66% of parents took their children to the dentist. The 2-step cluster analysis revealed that clusters of children with high body mass index (BMI) and those whose parents had only primary education had the highest caries prevalence compared to clusters of children with lower BMI and parents with higher education (P < 0.05). Conclusions: Within the study limits, parents demonstrated good oral health knowledge, attitudes and practices. Kindergarten children had high caries, especially those with high BMI and whose parents had low educational levels.
Clinical and epidemiological characteristics of the first 150 patients with COVID-19 in Lebanon: a prospective descriptive study
Authors: Hassoun Mahmoud , Alaywan Layal , Jaafouri Habib , Feghali Rita , Al-Mulki Jida , Radi Faraj , Ramadan Mohamad , Hanna Pierre
Published: March 2022

Background: Clinical features of confirmed COVID-19 cases cover a wide spectrum. Aims: To study the clinical, radiological and virological features of the first 150 patients with COVID-19 in Lebanon. Methods: Our university hospital was designated as the primary COVID-19 care centre in Lebanon. Between 21 February 2020, the date of the first confirmed case of COVID-19 in Lebanon, and 3 April 2020, our team treated 150 patients diagnosed with COVID-19. In this prospective descriptive study, we present our experience in treating these patients, specifically the diagnostic criteria, outcome, and demographic, clinical, radiological and biological characteristics. Results: Ninety-five (63.33%) of the patients were male and 55 (36.67%) were female. Most patients (58%) were aged >50 years, and 8 (5.33%) were healthcare workers. Diagnosis was based on reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction, and patients were classified as mild, moderate or critical. Fifteen (10%) patients had a critical presentation and fever was the most prominent symptom at presentation. One hundred and thirty-eight (92%) patients underwent radiological evaluation. The most common laboratory findings were lymphocytopenia (34.38%), followed by neutropenia (28.13%), but leukocytosis was not prevalent (1.56%). Old age and comorbidity were significant indicators in patient risk stratification. Chest computed tomography was an invaluable method of diagnosis and management. Our radiological findings were consistent with the published literature. Conclusion: Our study underlines the variable presentation of COVID-19, the difference in severity, and the diverse methods of diagnosis. This suggests the need for a tailored approach, taking into consideration the wide spectrum of presentation.
Simko's Political and Military Movements from the Beginning Till the end of World War 1 (1909-1918)
Authors: Khdir Kwestan Ahmad , Shareef Hewa Hamed
Published: March 2022

This research is an attempt to concentrate on the Simko’s political and military movements from his initial revealing as a regional leader until the end of the First World War (1918). Simko, the son of Ali Agha, was an indigenous people belonging to the Ps Agha tribes from Abdo Congregation in the Shkak Tribe. After his father was died, he officially has been elected as the leader of Shkak tribes in 1909 due to a having a predominant power of his family and good historical relationship of his ancestors in the region. The aforementioned leader has developed the movement on the basis of the military proficiency and retaliation principle during the preliminary stages and he has been in a continuous conflict with the Iranian authority during that time. Whereas, Iran in general and the Eastern Kurdistan in particular, were passing in the worst and the most deteriorating circumstances due to existence of the western forces in the region and initiating the conditional revolution which had a long and varied history from ideological and political perspective. Moreover, this stage was an important phase for Simko Shkak so as to reveal him and his followers as outstanding revolutionary forces in the region as he could understand from his militants, mitigated the congregational ideology and increased his requirements. Undoubtedly, his authority (Simko Shkak’s Power) has been gradually empowered due to having a cluster of expectation and variation in the initial stages of the movement; however, he had no clear situation and perspective for the Ottoman Empire and the Russian forces during the different stages of the war in the region. According to the historical documents despite of starting as an oppositional forces to the Iranian, Russian and Ottoman Empire, Simko has also faced to conflict with Benjamin Marshamoon, who was an Assyrian leader from Hakary region in 1915 who has been supported by the Russian forces and settled under the Simko’s authoritative districts in the East of Kurdistan. This situation has increased the disagreements of Simko’s forces and had bad consequences on the unity of the Kurdish forces at that time and resulted in the killing of the Benjamin Marshamoon by Simko, and this was led to declining the Kurdish revolution in the East and empowered the Iranian governmental systems.
Women in the Perspective of The Haqqah Movement
Authors: Mohammed Qaraman Nadir
Published: March 2022

The Haqqah movement that emerged from the Naqshbandi order gave women a position they had not previously enjoyed in Kurdish society, as it worked to give them a completely different social and religious role than what was present in the prevailing social milieu. The status of women increased even more when the leaders of the movement allowed them to attend religious and social meetings and express their opinion on the various issues raised in these meetings. Then they reconsidered how girls are married off and women are treated as commodities to be bought and sold. Not only that, but they also gave women a place in the movement's religious affairs department. The movement worked to redefine some social values, helping to create a kind of gender equality and giving women belonging to the movement a stronger personality than their counterparts in traditional Kurdish society. On the other hand, social and religious actors in the Kurdish social milieu have criticized the movement and downplayed its social reforms, as a stark departure from the prevailing social traditions.
توندوتیژی زمانی له‌ زمانی كوردیدا
Authors: Karim Nariman Abdulla
Published: March 2022

پوخته

ناونیشانی لێكۆڵینه‌وه‌كه‌مان بریتییه‌ له‌ (توندوتیژی زمانی له‌ زمانی كوردیدا)یه‌، له‌م لێكۆڵینه‌وه‌یه‌دا ڕێبازی (وه‌سفیی شیكاری)مان هه‌ڵبژاردووه‌، ئه‌م توێژینه‌وه‌یه‌ له‌ پێشه‌كییه‌ك و سێ به‌ش پێكدێت، كه‌ ئه‌مانه‌ن: به‌شی یه‌كه‌م: كه‌ به‌ ناونیشانی (توندوتیژی و توندوتيژی زمانی)یه‌، ئه‌م ته‌وه‌رانه‌ له‌خۆده‌گرێت:(زمانه‌وانی و ده‌روونناسی، چه‌مكی توندوتیژی زمانی، ڕه‌وشته‌كانی زمانی كوردى). به‌شی دووه‌م: شوێنه‌واری ده‌روونی و جه‌سته‌یی توندوتیژی زمانی له‌سه‌ر تاك و كۆمه‌ڵگه‌. به‌شی سێیه‌م: كه‌ به‌ ناونیشانی (شێوه‌ و هۆكاره‌كانی توندوتیژی زمانی)یه‌، ئه‌م ته‌وه‌رانه‌ له‌خۆده‌گرێت: 1ـ شێوه‌كانی توندوتیژی زمانی، 2ـ هۆكاره‌كانی توندوتیژی زمانی(هۆكاره‌ ئه‌لكترۆنییه‌كان، هۆكاره‌ ده‌روونییه‌كان، هۆكاره‌ سیاسییه‌كان، هۆكاره‌ ئاینییه‌كان، هۆكاره‌ كۆمه‌ڵایه‌تییه‌كان) ).له‌ كۆتایی توێژینه‌وه‌كه‌دا ئه‌نجام و سه‌رچاوه‌كان و كورته‌ی باسه‌كه‌ به‌ زمانه‌كانی عه‌ره‌بی و ئینگلیزی خراونه‌ته‌ڕوو.
The Impacts of Filtering in Social Media Facebook on Users in the Kurdistan Region
Authors: Kheder Awara Haji , Mawlood Saman Jalal
Published: March 2022

Social media has prevailed over conventional media and it has impacted the society enormously.  This research investigates the impacts of filtering in social media platform of Facebook. Filtering is argued to have positive influences on the quality of media productions. The main objective of the research is to scrutinize the effects of filtering in Facebook. The problem of this research is that Facebook users are overwhelmed by a flood of false and perilous information that come to them through unfiltered social media platforms. The significance of the work lies in its attempt to eradicate all the messages that get disseminated irresponsibly in social media. Methodologically, the study employed a descriptive method by conducting an online survey in the four governorates of the Kurdistan Region. Furthermore, a three-point Correct spelling scale is used in the research. A sample of (N 284) journalists from Erbil, Sulaimani, Duhok and Halabja was selected for the empirical data collection process. Findings indicate that majority of journalists believe that filtering is a necessity in Facebook and filtering is an effective tool to end humiliation and disrespect in social media in the Kurdistan Region.
RESULTS OF PLACEBO-CONTROLLED EVALUATION OF EFFICACY MILDRONAT PREPARATION BY FUNCTIONAL READINESS PARAMETERS
Authors: E.V Goloborodko , S.M. Razinkin
Published: March 2022

In 2015 a study to evaluate the effectiveness of the drug "Mildronate" was carried out in the Federal State Budgetary Institution at the A.I. Burnazyan Federal Medical and Biological Center of the Russian Federal Medical and Biological Agency. The study involved 20 representatives of skiing sports (biathlon, cross-country skiing, cross-country skiing) (10 men, 10 women), mean age 20.1 ± 0.6 years. The level of sportsmanship was not lower than the first adult grade. Five men and five women took placebo, and five men and five women received Mildronate. Allocation into groups was carried out according to the maximum time of the exercise test in the ergospirometric study (ski-treadmill traverse). The study was built from the position of activity approach, reflecting the basic characteristics of the athlete's activity: physical and psychological readiness to achieve the best result (imitation of competitive activity). Specific load testing on skis and objective diagnostics of the psycho-emotional state was carried out. Comparative assessment of the indicators was carried out on the 7th and 15th days of the study in relation to the background. According to the subjective evaluation of the drug's effect, the greatest number of positive changes in the state were noted by participants who took placebo. For 7 out of 10 people positive dynamics in the subjective state was observed (mood, sleep and general well-being improved, physical performance increased, training results increased). The placebo effect of taking the drug on the psychophysiological state of the persons professionally engaged in sports was detected. This can be explained by the formation of a stable notion that the level of professional skill depends on the use of pharmacological agents. Received materials indicate a pronounced psychotherapeutic effect of "Mildronat" on the functional and adaptive reserves of healthy athletes, ensuring the preservation of high-performance capacity. Expert evaluation of new technologies of sports medicine and drugs, affecting physical performance should necessarily include determination of functional readiness dynamics, including placebo-controlled comparative studies and objective diagnostics of psycho-emotional state.
ROLE OF GSK-3 IN THE PATHOGENESIS OF CORONARY HEART DISEASE
Authors: I.A. Snimschikova , M.O. Plotnikova
Published: March 2022

Cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. A strategy for early diagnosis of cardiovascular disease can help reduce the number of complications and deaths in patients. Research by the world's leading scientists is aimed at studying the pathogenetic links underlying the development of heart disease. The study of the molecular signaling pathways responsible for the induction of cardiac hypertrophy is of great clinical interest, and the potential therapeutic use of these molecules could prevent or slow down pathological myocardial remodeling and heart failure leading to cardiomyocyte death or dysfunction. The article discusses the influence of the components of the immune system on the pathogenesis of cardiovascular diseases. The role of GSK-3 kinase, which plays an important role in the regulation of proliferation, differentiation, apoptosis, and metabolic processes in the cell, as well as participates in the regulation of various signaling pathways, including Wnt / β-catenin and TGF-β-signaling, has been evaluated. Serum levels of GSK-3α and GSK-3β, as well as pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines (IL-1β, IL-10 and TNF-α) were assessed in patients with coronary artery disease (myocardial infarction and unstable angina pectoris) and relatively healthy persons. The relationship of these indicators with clinical and laboratory data has been analyzed. The results obtained indicate the important role of immune processes in the pathogenesis of coronary heart disease. The performed combinatorial analysis of glycogen synthase kinase 3, serum cytokines with laboratory data (leukocyte and LDL levels) can help assess the severity of coronary heart disease and can help in determining risk stratification in patients with angina pectoris.
Lehen mailako unibertsitateikasleen berrikuntzarako joera
Authors: Álvarez-Huerta Paula , Larrea Iñaki , Muela Aparicio Alexander
Published: March 2022

Ikerlan honen helburua da lehen mailako unibertsitate-ikasleen berrikuntzarako joera aztertzea, generoaren eta izena emandako ikasketaren jakintza-arloaren arabera. Horretarako, proposatu da autoeraginkortasun sortzailea, autoeraginkortasun ekintzailea eta pertseberantzia aintzat hartzen dituen berrikuntzarako joeraren eredu teoriko berri bat. Ikerketan, 2.369 ikaslek hartu zuten parte, horietatik % 50,11 emakumezkoak (adinaren B=18.50, DT = 2.16) eta % 49,89 gizonezkoak (adinaren B= 18.33, DT= 2.31). Ingeniaritza eta Arkitektura jakintza-arloko ikasleek erakutsi zuten Gizarte eta Lege Zientzietakoek baino berrikuntzarako joera handiagoa. Zehazki, ikasle horiek puntuazio handiagoak izan zituzten pertseberantziari lotutako esfortzuaren iraunkortasunean eta helburuen trinkotasunean. Aitzitik, ez zen ezberdintasunik aurkitu gizonezkoen eta emakumezkoen berrikuntzarako joeren artean. Ikasleen berrikuntzarako joera sustatzeko, proposatzen da horretarako eskuhartzeak abiaraztea unibertsitate-eremuan.
Testing of macro- and micronutrient nanoparticles on grain crops
Authors: Timofeev V. N. , Vyushina O. A.
Published: March 2022

The studies were conducted in the northern forest-steppe of the Tyumen region. Under laboratory and field conditions, different forms and dosages of macro- and micronutrient nanoparticles and associated substances were tested in the treatment of seeds and plants of spring triticale and wheat. The preparations had a positive effect on seed germination, while higher rates reduced energy and germination. The germination energy and germination of triticale seeds increased by 4-10% with the application of preparations containing nanoparticles of copper, manganese, molybdenum, biogenic iron, Titan M. Treatment of daily seedlings with manganese, calcium, molybdenum, Titan M, biogenic iron, boron, potassium increased sprout length by 7.8-25% and sprout weight by 6-8% by day 7. Only already developing sprouts responded to the application of potassium. It was noted that the application of biogenic iron causes a 4-10% decrease in laboratory germination of seeds, but promotes the development of the main root. Its increase was 9-12% compared to the control. The inclusion of biogenic iron and silicon in the mixture to the chemical dressing reduced the effectiveness against root rot from 18% at the beginning of the growing season to 30% by the harvesting period. The application of biogenic iron increased the yield by 0,5-0,6 t/ha or 23% in the system of complex crop protection compared to the control and by 0,16-0,23 t/ha with the standard scheme of crop protection. A positive effect of biogenic iron in the treatment of plants during the earing phase as a separate element of the technology and in a tank mixture with fungicides was noted.
Evaluation and selection of machine-tractor units during cultivation by energy costs
Authors: Nazarov N. N. , Nekrasova I. V.
Published: March 2022

The materials on evaluation and selection of machine-tractor units by the criteria of minimization of their production and operation costs (total specific energy intensity of MTU for its production and operation) and maximum productivity in carrying out the technological process of soil cultivation are presented. It has been established that the range of technological machines for carrying out the technological process "cultivation" with the power of mobile power plants up to 110 hp is determined by cultivators such as KPS-4, KBM-4.2 type using tractors JD5620, AGCO MF3640, UMZ-6, LTZ 95B, JD6020, MTZ-80/82, MTZ-920, Belarus 900, Belarus-921, Belarus-923, Deutz Agrofarm 430 and MTZ-1025. They have the total specific energy intensity of use with the designated technological machines at the minimum level, and the productivity at the maximum. In the power range of tractors from 110 to 145 hp it is advisable to use cultivators KSHU-5, KSHU-6, KPS-8P with mobile power tools New Holland T6050 Delta, CASE IH Maxxum 125, JD 6130D, JD 6135, MTZ-1221, Belarus 1220, LTZ-155 and MTZ-1222, which also have the maximum productivity at the minimum level of the total specific energy consumption for their production and operation. It has been found that when using cultivators of the type KSHU-12, KBM-7.2P, KBM-10.8P, Leader-6N, APC-7,2, RTS1831, KPO-7.2, KORUND 8/900 (power of the energy means up to 150-210 hp), according to the indicated efficiency criteria, it is advisable to use tractors T–150K, MTZ-1523, HTZ-121, HTA 200- 10, Belarus 1525, HTZ 17221, Terrion ATM 3180, Deutz Fahr Agrotron 165.7, JD 7030, ATM 4200 Terrion, MTZ-2022. It has been established that for the use of cultivators Leader-7.2N, Leader-8, according to the indicated criteria for minimizing energy consumption and maximum productivity, tractors with a power of up to 210-240 hp like JD 7830, JD 7930, New Holland 7060, Deutz Fahr Agrotron L720 DCR, Claas Axion 850 are required.