bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
“Now you know”: Reception of the religious studies scholar
Authors: King Rebekka
Published: April 2024

This article interrogates the premises of the question “Does the scholar of religion have a particular role in promoting public and political knowledge and understanding of religion(s)?” by first asking, “In what contexts is the scholar of religion asked to have a role in promoting public and political knowledge and understanding of religion(s)?” Rebekka King argues that there are two hidden assumptions underlying the question. First is the idea that somewhere buried in the request for scholarly input is a public perception of scholars as receptacles of knowledge (i.e. they are the ones who know). Second, this special issue’s larger question betrays assumptions about scholars’ abilities and (perhaps more interestingly) what scholars think about their colleagues’ abilities to promote public and political knowledge and understanding of religion(s). In both cases, it is possible to learn a lot about the role religious studies scholars might play by first considering the roles they are expected to play. In this vein, one might ask how the scholar of religion is classified and categorized in the minds of those who might invite them to play a role in public and political discourses, and how this classification resembles and departs from how scholars of religion classify themselves.
Structural improvement of 3D woven honeycomb composite liner for enhanced energy absorption and impact performance in aircrew helmet
Authors: Singh Omender , Behera BK
Published: April 2024

This study aims to enhance the performance of aircrew helmet liners made of 3D woven honeycomb composites through structural improvements. To achieve this, an optimization of the honeycomb design was carried out using a statistical tool by varying its geometrical parameters. A Box Behnken design was employed, using three independent factors: cell height, cell size, and cell wall thickness to assess its impact and their interactions on responses. The performance was evaluated using a multiobjective response to maximize impact energy absorption, achieve the target cushion factor, and balance relative density for lightweight design. Since the liner materials were subjected to flatwise compression and dynamic impact tests to assess the performance. Their behavior. The results revealed that the honeycomb core with a cell height of 15 mm, a cell size of 10 mm, and a cell wall thickness of 0.6 mm exhibited good behavior. The response surface analysis and contour plots were used to analyze the interactions and combined effects of variables on each response. It was observed that lesser cell size shows significant improvement in impact energy with higher wall thickness. However, the cushion factor implies inadequate energy mitigation. The analysis comparing desirability and confirmatory experiments highlighted the potential for the aircrew helmet liner to achieve its maximum performance. This study provides valuable insights into the structural design of 3D woven honeycomb composite liners for aircrew helmets and its findings signify the potential for applications in the aerospace and defense industries.
A Currency of Love: Illuminating Motherhood Across Immigrant, Cultural, and Socioeconomic Lines During COVID-19
Authors: Segel Marisa , Flavin Eunhye , Hubacz Haylea , Oliveira Gabrielle
Published: April 2024

The school closures due to the COVID-19 pandemic disrupted the work and home lives of families. Drawing on data from 19 interviews with Brazilian and non-Brazilian mothers in one urban elementary school, we explore how mothers negotiated their roles as caregivers, breadwinners, and teachers during this unprecedented time. Braiding Oliveira's concept of the currency of love with Yosso's concept of community cultural wealth, we argue that mothers across immigrant, cultural, and socioeconomic lines enacted similar care practices to sustain their children's learning. This study advances the literature by illuminating the sometimes invisible efforts of mothers to nurture their children's schooling.
Pathways to Biliteracy: Investigating the Implementation of the Seal of Biliteracy in Elementary and Secondary Schools in Chicago
Authors: Heineke Amy J. , Davin Kristin J.
Published: April 2024

The Seal of Biliteracy (SoBL) is a language education policy adopted by states to recognize students’ biliteracy. Originally implemented in high schools to recognize graduating seniors, the initiative also includes pathway awards, which can be implemented in earlier grades to promote lengthier language study and increase biliteracy attainment. This qualitative case study investigates the K-12 implementation of SoBL and pathway recognitions in the urban-intensive context of the Chicago Public Schools. Drawing from documentation and interviews with district- and school-level stakeholders, this research uncovers the nuanced policy work to promote, assess, and recognize biliteracy in a district with 322,000 students.
Acute Toxicity Assays with the Artemia salina Model: Assessment of Variables
Authors: Salay Gerson , Lucarelli Nádila , Gascón Thaís Moura , Carvalho Samantha Sanches de , Veiga Glaucia Raquel Luciano da , Reis Beatriz da Costa Aguiar Alves , Fonseca Fernando Luiz Affonso
Published: April 2024

The use of the brine shrimp Artemia salina (Leach) in acute toxicity assays has great potential due to its simplicity, low cost and reproducibility. In the current study, some of the variables that can influence the reliability of the assay in terms of test organism survival, were evaluated as part of its implementation in our laboratory. The quality and type of water used, the buffer components and other parameters (salinity, pH and dissolved oxygen level), were all evaluated for optimisation purposes. DMSO (dimethyl sulphoxide) was used as the test substance in the toxicity assay, to evaluate the concentration limits as a solvent in sample preparation. Regarding the buffer salinity, pH and dissolved oxygen level, we found that a 25% to 30% deviation from the standard values did not affect the survival of the nauplii (the first-instar larval stage) under assay conditions. In summary, we corroborate the potential use of this model for the prediction of the toxic potential of substances, to inform future testing strategies.
Place building: The contribution of art and artistic entrepreneurship
Authors: Thompson John , Day John
Published: April 2024

Art is everywhere; we see it every day. Whilst much of it is created by artists and designers, some is natural. It might be art in a building, street art, sculptures or monuments, flowers in a garden or public landscaped space. These are often simply ‘there’ and free to see; but some people will pass by without really ‘seeing.’ Others might choose to visit a gallery or national park, knowing there is a charge. These encounters affect both their mood and feelings about that physical place. Because art adds value – economic, cultural (artistic and aesthetic), social, and enjoyment – it plays an important role in place attractiveness and place building. Art, though, can have both positive and negative influences; it can enhance a place and encourage visitors, whilst for others reducing the attractiveness. Some collectors pay significant sums for an original Banksy piece; others dismiss it as undesirable graffiti. Here: a taxonomy evaluating the contribution of art and value-creating artistic entrepreneurs in place building is offered and relevant themes are contextualised by 10 vignettes, two conceptual frameworks of the value-creation processes are presented; and opportunities available to those concerned with place building and place management are discussed.
The Aversive Musical Experience Scale (AMES): Measuring individual differences in the intensity of music-evoked aversion
Authors: Vuoskoski Jonna K. , Peltola Henna-Riikka
Published: April 2024

Strongly disliked music has the capacity to evoke strong negative emotions and physical sensations—at least in some listeners. Although previous (qualitative) studies on disliked music have provided valuable descriptions of listeners’ experiences, more generalizable approaches are needed for understanding individual differences in the intensity of music-evoked aversive experiences. This study set out to explore these individual differences by developing a standardized questionnaire to measure the intensity of aversive musical experiences, the Aversive Musical Experience Scale (AMES). Furthermore, we explored the hypothesized predictors and potential underlying mechanisms (such as emotional contagion and a general sensitivity to sounds) by measuring trait emotional contagion, misophonia, tendency to experience autonomous sensory meridian responses (ASMR) and frissons, and personality. Based on the results of exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses, a final 18-item version of AMES was constructed, comprising three subscales: Sensations, Social, and Features. Misophonia and emotional contagion emerged as the strongest predictors of global AMES and its subscales. Furthermore, the personality traits of neuroticism, agreeableness, and openness to experience, as well as age and musical expertise emerged as significant predictors of at least one of the scales. The implications and limitations of the findings are discussed with respect to sound-sensitivity, music-induced emotions, and personality theory.
Racist inferences and flawed data: drill rap lyrics as criminal evidence in group prosecutions
Authors: Quinn Eithne
Published: April 2024

Drill rap lyrics are used regularly by police and prosecutors as evidence against young Black working-class defendants in UK criminal cases. Though this practice is of mounting public concern, its discursive mechanisms remain poorly understood, shrouded by the police and courts. This article exposes and explains state interpretations of drill lyrics in the preparation of serious crime cases. It considers how the state uses violent rap lyrics to build secondary liability in group prosecutions by exploiting drill’s power to invoke stereotypes and mislead the court. The author focuses on a 2020 joint enterprise murder case in London, in which she served as a rap expert, to give a concrete illustration of how the state tries to use rap lyrics of little or no relevance to incriminate. This article contends that rap-facilitated group prosecutions encapsulate processes of racist carcerality – targeting young Black people through their expressive culture – which are in need of concerted challenge and transformational change.
Current Issues and Future Directions of Inclusive Education in Japan
Authors: Kaizu Akiko , Tamaki Munehisa
Published: April 2024

Inclusive education in Japan was developed on the foundation of special needs education (SNE), which began in the early 2000s. There are various arguments as to whether the current multi-track system of SNE extending from segregated special needs schools to general education classrooms will lead to inclusive education, which is the goal of the Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities. This study focuses on the movement for system reform of the SNE and examines its current status and challenges. It also discusses recent policy trends in general education classrooms that have affected the promotion of inclusive education. Furthermore, while making a global comparison using Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) data, this paper highlights Japan’s advantages and challenges in achieving inclusive education. Finally, it examines the conditions for realizing a new Japanese-style inclusive education.
Hierarchically porous surface of HA-sandblasted Ti implant screw using the plasma electrolytic oxidation: Physical characterization and biological responses
Authors: Choe YoungEun , Li Cheng Ji , Yeo Dong-Hyeon , Kim Yu-Jin , Lee Jung-Hwan , Lee Hae-Hyoung
Published: April 2024

The surface topological features of bioimplants are among the key indicators for bone tissue replacement because they directly affect cell morphology, adhesion, proliferation, and differentiation. In this study, we investigated the physical, electrochemical, and biological responses of sandblasted titanium (SB-Ti) surfaces with pore geometries fabricated using a plasma electrolytic oxidation (PEO) process. The PEO treatment was conducted at an applied voltage of 280 V in a solution bath consisting of 0.15 mol L−1 calcium acetate monohydrate and 0.02 mol L−1 calcium glycerophosphate for 3 min. The surface chemistry, wettability, mechanical properties and corrosion behavior of PEO-treated sandblasted Ti implants using hydroxyapatite particles (PEO-SB-Ti) were improved with the distribution of calcium phosphorous porous oxide layers, and showed a homogeneous and hierarchically porous surface with clusters of nanopores in a bath containing calcium acetate monohydrate and calcium glycerophosphate. To demonstrate the efficacy of PEO-SB-Ti, we investigated whether the implant affects biological responses. The proposed PEO-SB-Ti were evaluated with the aim of obtaining a multifunctional bone replacement model that could efficiently induce osteogenic differentiation as well as antibacterial activities. These physical and biological responses suggest that the PEO-SB-Ti may have a great potential for use an artificial bone replacement compared to that of the controls.
Perspectives of Male Service Providers on Responding to Intimate Partner Violence in Rural Zimbabwe: Findings From Qualitative Interviews
Authors: Chadambuka Cyndirela , Warria Ajwang
Published: April 2024

Despite efforts made in Zimbabwe to address intimate partner violence (IPV), critical gaps still exist regarding the efficacy of IPV service provision in rural areas. This study examines male service providers’ perceptions of IPV in Chimanimani Rural District in Zimbabwe to provide guidance for policy and practice on IPV intervention in rural areas. A qualitative study was conducted with six male service providers using in-depth interviews and thematic analysis. Our findings revealed how the intersection of social norms and the geographical location of rural areas influence service providers’ perceptions of IPV and service provision. Most of the service providers interviewed had a general understanding of IPV and regarded it as unacceptable social behavior. However, constraints to service delivery typical in rural areas negatively impacted their IPV intervention, including having limited intervention resources, limited male participation, and conflicting identities (professional versus cultural identity). We conclude that service provision in rural areas is essential to respond to and prevent the occurrence of IPV, yet how service providers perceive IPV affects the quality of services rendered to victims.
Characterization and antibacterial of soybean protein isolate composite film with carvacrol and walnut peel extract
Authors: Qin Zhiyong , Zou Meiyi , Fan Kehao , Lu Yunlong
Published: April 2024

In order to alleviate plastic pollution and to substitute specific conventional polymer packaging, this research deployed biodegradable soy protein isolate (SPI) as a basis to create natural polymer composite films, integrating walnut peel extract (WPE) and carvacrol (CV) for their inherent antibacterial properties. The inhibition rates of the SPI/WPE5%/CV5% composite film on E.coli and S.aureus were 99.66% and 99.52%, the DPPH radical was 73.3% and ABTS radical was 95.5%. The SPI/WPE5%/CV5% composite film also exhibited excellent UV-visible barrier properties. Compared with the pure SPI film, the tensile strength of the SPI/WPE5%/CV5% composite film increased by 89.00%, the water solubility increased by 2.67%, and the water vapor permeability was reduced by 7.69%, While the water contact angle increased by 155.93%. Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy studies possibly indicate that the polyphenol-proteins in the SPI/WPE/CV composite film are bound together by hydrogen bonding. X-ray Diffraction study demonstrated that the crystallinity of the SWC films increased. Scanning Electron Microscope results revealed the surface level and internal molecular structure of the SWC films. Thermal weight analysis showed that after adding WPE and CV, the thermal properties of the SWC films improved. This study explored release of the film and found that the composite film can continuously release polyphenols, which play an antibacterial and antioxidant role.
Lack of awareness of systemic lupus erythematosus and its consequences in a cohort of moderate and severe patients in Spain: The LupusVoice study
Authors: Galindo Izquierdo Maria , Borrás Blasco Joaquín , Pérez Ortega Silvia , Salman-Monte Tarek Carlos , Vela-Casasempere Paloma , Rodríguez Almaraz Esther , Calvo-Alen Jaime , Álvaro-Gracia Álvaro José María , Barbado Ajo Mͣ Julia , Rubio Renau Raül , Galvez-Fernandez Marta , Bahamontes-Rosa Noemí , Sánchez-Covisa Hernández Joaquín , Solà Marsiñach Carlota
Published: April 2024

Background and objectives

Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is an autoimmune condition that can highly impact patients’ quality of life (QoL). However, there is a lack of knowledge about SLE, affecting the general population and health care professionals (HCPs) alike. This lack of knowledge has negative implications for patients and the healthcare system, worsening prognosis, negatively impacting QoL, and increasing healthcare utilization. The aim of this paper is to draw attention, according to the perspective of the participants of this study, to the lack of awareness of SLE and its consequences in Spain, and to suggest improvements.

Patients and methods

This qualitative, descriptive, observational, multicenter, and cross-sectional study included 40 patients with moderate or severe SLE, recruited during their routine visits in six university hospitals in Spain. The study also included 11 caregivers and 9 HCPs. All participants were individually interviewed. Data from the interviews were coded and analyzed thematically by two anthropologists following a phenomenological perspective.

Results

Our study identified a lack of disease awareness among primary care physicians, emergency medicine doctors, and other specialists treating SLE symptomatology. This led to diagnostic delays, which had a clinical and emotional impact on patients. Furthermore, symptom awareness was found to be context dependent. Differences in symptom awareness between HCPs and patients led to a mismatch between the severity evaluation made by doctors and patients. Some HCPs did not consider the limitations of the current severity evaluation of SLE, and therefore attributed symptoms potentially caused by SLE to the unfavorable socioeconomic conditions patients lived in. Finally, a lack of social awareness among friends, family members, and romantic partners led to lower social support, increased isolation, and negative physical and emotional impact for patients. Gender differences in the provision of support were identified.

Conclusion

This study highlights the need to increase SLE awareness among patients, HCPs, and the broader public in order to improve patient QoL. Being aware of the clinical and emotional impact of such lack of awareness, as well as the role played by context on the patient experience of SLE, is a crucial step towards achieving this goal.
Interventions to improve ethical decision-making skills in nursing students: A systematic review
Authors: Kaşıkçı Mağfiret , Yıldırım Zeynep
Published: April 2024

Background

Interventions to improve ethical decision-making are available in nursing education. Evidence of its effectiveness is essential.

Objective

This review examined the effectiveness of interventions to improve nursing students’ ethical decision-making skills.

Methods

A structured search was performed in Google Scholar, Web of Science, Science Direct, Pubmed, Scopus, Cochrane Library, Elsevier, CINAHL EBSCO, and ULAKBIM. The Joanna Briggs Institute Meta-Analysis of Statistics Assessment and Review Instruments (JBI-MAStARI) was used to assess the quality of studies.

Ethical considerations

Ethical approval was not required for this systematic review.

Findings

The final review was composed of six studies of published between January 2013 and 2023. Nine different teaching methods applied to students. Although the importance of ethical decision-making skills in solving ethical problems that nurses may encounter at any time is known, it is thought that there is a lack of data in the literature in the last 10 years. The last 10 years were chosen as this aims to provide a review based on the most current, relevant and quality information. The review indicated that all of the teaching methods improved ethical decision-making.

Conclusion

Different teaching methods can be used in the nursing education curriculum to meet the learning needs of nursing students in ethical decision-making.
Multiple Cutaneous Infections Secondary to Inadvertent Use of Systemic Steroids
Authors: Rana Gurveer Singh , Gupta Sharang , Chopra Dimple
Published: April 2024

Introduction:

Steroids have a major role in the treatment of many dermatological disorders. This class of drugs is also one of the most frequently abused drugs, both by patients and doctors. Inadvertent use of steroids can cause a plethora of side effects.

Methods:

A 43-year-old male who presented to the dermatology outpatient department with complaints of generalized itching and hyperpigmented lesions on his glans was examined clinically. The patient was found to be a known case of pemphigus vulgaris who developed multiple cutaneous infections secondary to the inadvertent use of systemic steroids.

Results:

The case being presented shows multiple cutaneous infections, a side effect caused by systemic corticosteroids because of the immunosuppression they cause.

Conclusion:

The present case underscores the need to regulate the dispensing practices of not only corticosteroids but also all the drugs that are sold without the prescription of a registered medical practitioner.
Association of Maternal Height with Mode of Delivery and Perinatal Outcome
Authors: Gummadi Apoorva Anil , Sunkaraneni Sandhya , Kuchana Sai Kiran , Kode Rohith , Riyyan Muhammad
Published: April 2024

Background:

Maternal height has been for long a contributory anthropometric factor that can determine the obstetric outcome. There is always a need of a consistent, reliable, and simple risk indicator which is easy to use for preventing unnecessary complications in a country like India where often antenatal care is provided by dais in rural areas. The background of this research aims to ascertain the relationship between maternal height and mode of delivery based on other intrapartum factors which influence labor and consequent maternal and neonatal outcome.

Materials and Methods:

All primigravidae at term gestation (>37 weeks) with cephalic presentation on admission to labor suite with no other comorbidities were recruited in the study. Their mode of delivery, maternal outcome, along with neonatal outcome was documented.

Results:

Out of the 680 patients, 104 patients are considered for the short-stature group (15.29%) who were <150 cm in height. Other group comprised patients who were >150 cm in height, a total of 576 (84.71%). There was a higher incidence of induced labor in the study group (66.35%) and emergency lower-segment cesarean section done due to cephalopelvic disproportion (CPD) (60%) was also higher among the short-stature group. The incidence of normal labor (32.99%) was higher in the tall-stature group.

Conclusion:

Short height (<150 cm) is an independent risk factor for cesarean delivery due to CPD. Statistical correlation was found between mothers of short stature and babies being born with low birth weight. As labor is influenced by multiple factors, it is fair enough to give a trial of labor for short primigravidae except in uncommon circumstances.
Collaborative Planning in the Context of Deindustrialization: A Qualitative Evaluation of Comparative Cases in Northeast Ohio
Authors: Hilde Thomas W. , Ganning Joanna P. , Kellogg Wendy A. , Rubado Meghan E.
Published: April 2024

This article investigates whether and how the contexts of the Rust Belt decline extend collaborative planning theory. We evaluate two collaborative planning projects in Northeast Ohio: (1) the Cuyahoga Greenways (CG), a regional trails project and (2) the Mahoning River Corridor Initiative (MRCI), a postindustrial river restoration project. Based on participant interviews and document analysis, we find that the projects are distinct in their contextual conditions and collaborative processes, with CG better aligning with common expectations found in the literature. MRCI deviates from normative theory pertaining to collaborative planning; we discuss how this might relate to processes of institutional change. Our results suggest that the collaborative planning literature is insufficiently tailored to assess collaborative projects in the context of decline—particularly where there is controversy around the project and where collaborative institutions and networks are weak.
Nurse Practitioner Certification Examination Development: From Reflecting Clinical Practice to Ensuring Lifelong Learning
Authors: Myers Tara , Chappell Kathy , Godwin Cherith , Krissel Jeanna , Ramirez Jeffery , Smith Justin
Published: April 2024

OBJECTIVE:

Certifications in psychiatric-mental health nursing promote safe practice by psychiatric-mental health nurse practitioners (PMHNPs) and nurses (PMHNs) and help protect the public from harm. This protection begins with the development of an examination that meets rigorous national education, practice, and accreditation standards and reflects PMHNPs’ or PMHNs’ clinical practice. Achievement and maintenance of a certification is a journey that involves a commitment to lifelong learning and the improvement of the field of psychiatric-mental health nursing through involvement in the examination process.

METHODS:

This discussion paper outlines the role nurses can play in the development of certification examinations. It describes the process of developing an effective certification examination, including the role of standards, accrediting bodies, and content experts; determining necessary tasks, knowledge, and skills; surveying practitioners to validate information; writing test questions; and ongoing analysis of examination content. The Psychiatric-Mental Health Nurse Practitioner (across the lifespan) Certification (PMHNP-BC) is presented as an example of the process.

RESULTS:

This discussion paper raises awareness of how certification exams are developed, PMHNPs participate in certification development, and volunteering promotes career development.

CONCLUSION:

The PMHNP-BC examination is based on education, practice, and certification accreditation standards and reflects current clinical practice. PMHNPs can (a) point to the rigor of certification as an indication of the quality of care they deliver, (b) volunteer to participate in the examination process to ensure examination rigor, and (c) advance their careers through the development and application of a valuable skill set.
Stillbirth Associated With Anomalous Origin and Course of the Left Coronary Artery: A Report of 2 Cases
Authors: Price Erica , Thomas Kristen M. , Ernst Linda M.
Published: April 2024

Coronary artery anomalies and their potential sequelae are not well studied in association with stillbirth. Herein, we report the autopsy findings in two term stillborn fetuses with coronary artery anomalies. Both fetuses showed identical findings consisting of an abnormal origin of the left coronary artery from the right sinus of Valsalva and an interarterial course of the left coronary artery. Histologic vascular and myocardial changes were also present. These coronary artery findings are associated with sudden death in adults and neonates, and therefore, their potential to be a cause and/or contributor to fetal death is suspected.
‘Alright my lovely’: The use of terms of endearment as a mitigation device in the care of people living with dementia in the acute hospital environment
Authors: Bridgstock Lauren , Pilnick Alison , Goldberg Sarah , Harwood Rowan H
Published: April 2024

This paper examines how terms of endearment (ToE) are used as a mitigation device in interactions between staff and people living with dementia (PLWD) in the acute hospital environment. ToE are often discouraged in training for healthcare staff. However, this research demonstrates that they are still commonly used in practice. Using conversation analysis, video and audio data were examined to identify the interactional functions of ToE. Analysis showed that ToE play an important role in mitigating potentially face-threatening actions such as when patients are asked to repeat hard-to-interpret talk, or when patient agency is compromised through instruction sequences or having necessary healthcare tasks undertaken. The success of this mitigation is sensitive to the specific interactional circumstances, as well as the responsiveness of the HCP to the patient’s voiced concerns. These findings have implications for healthcare practice, training and wider care of PLWD.
Depictions of social workers and other caring professionals on television
Authors: Leedham Maria
Published: April 2024

Social workers, alongside many professionals in “caring” domains, often feel they are poorly represented in television dramas. This study draws on a 172-million-word database to consider how social workers and seven other professional groups (cop, doctor, nanny, nurse, priest, teacher, and therapist) are portrayed in English-medium TV programs in the period 2010–2017. IMDb plot summaries are analyzed, and 200 examples per profession (n = 1,600) are classified as negative, positive, or neutral. Employing the methodology of corpus linguistics, the study contrasts with previous research as the focus is on the language surrounding mentions of professionals rather than on visual depictions or characters’ actions.

Findings

The study evidences the prevalence of negative societal discourses around social workers as either judgmental bureaucrats or uncaring “childcatchers,” contextualizing the findings through comparison with other professionals. The analysis also suggests that social work characters on TV—in common with those from other female-dominated professions such as nanny or nurse—are frequently referred to in terms of their sexual availability or physical appearance.

Applications

Findings will have practical relevance for those interested in the recruitment, job satisfaction, and retention of practitioners, and in reducing the stigmatization of social workers and their clients. The innovative methodology employed in the study offers particular insights for social work researchers and also scriptwriters. The study evidences the ongoing need to support media professionals and the general public to better understand the challenges facing the profession and thereby reduce the tendency toward a culture of blaming individuals for society's failings.
The College-Going Experiences of Mexican American Participants Who Graduated from a College Preparatory Program
Authors: Trujillo Miguel A. , Anyon Yolanda (Yoli)
Published: April 2024

Despite educational levels improving in the Latinx community overall, Latinx adults continue to fall behind other racial and ethnic groups. The increases in educational attainment we have seen fall along gender lines, with Latinas graduating from college at a higher rate than Latinos. Despite these disparities, there is still a lack of knowledge about the intersectional education journey of Latinx students. This phenomenological study explores the gendered experiences of first-generation, documented, higher education students of Mexican origin who participated in a college preparatory program created for Latinx students and families. Utilizing the theory of community cultural wealth, students’ strengths are highlighted to demonstrate how their skills apply to higher education experiences. Findings indicate that long-term, holistic, mentoring from trusted adults was key to bolstering the educational success of students. The gendered analysis suggests Latinas may have increased opportunities to engage in on-campus programming than Latinos.
The Strategies Used to Balance Health and Work Across the Solid Organ Transplantation Trajectory
Authors: Gaudet Keira , Corbiere Marc , Chen Tianyan , Cardinal Heloise , Achille Marie
Published: April 2024

Introduction: Workers who undergo solid organ transplantation report frequent conflicts between the unpredictable demands of their health condition and the rigid requirements of their employer and of health services. The present study aimed to describe the self-management strategies adopted by workers while staying at work before transplantation and during sustainable return-to-work posttransplantation. Methods: Fifteen employed kidney, liver, and lung transplant recipients were recruited from 2 large urban university health centers in Montreal, Canada. Three focus groups were held, and thematic analysis was performed. Findings: Seven strategies were identified: responding promptly and consistently to fatigue-related needs, planning ahead with immediate supervisors while remaining strategic about when to disclose transplantation, requesting work accommodations, requesting flexibility in healthcare provision, consulting physicians about work-related issues, informing co-workers about work limitations and immunosuppression and asking not to be treated differently in the workplace. Conclusion: Access to work accommodations, support from physicians and flexibility in treatment and appointment schedules supported workers’ ability to manage their health while staying at work before and after undergoing solid organ transplantation. In light of findings, it may be useful for healthcare professionals to address workers’ concerns about work limitations and work accommodation implementation, especially when the illness-management burden increases before transplantation and during posttransplantation sick leave. Future studies could describe the strategies used by other important stakeholders when attempting to provide support to workers.
A Regulatory Perspective: Have We Done Enough on Grasping Automation Failure?
Authors: Xing Jing , Hughes Green Niav
Published: April 2024

This paper responds to Skraaning and Jamieson’s target paper “The Failure to Grasp Automation Failure.” We acknowledge that the target paper made important contributions to automation research in the human factors community. It analyzed automation failure events in complex operational systems in contrast to the vast majority of laboratory research on human-automation interaction. The paper presented a taxonomy of automation failure. The analysis and taxonomy demonstrate the integration of approaches to grasping automation failures from system instrumentation and controls, human factors engineering, and human reliability analysis. We reviewed the regulatory framework related to use of automation in nuclear power plants and examined whether the framework elements adequately address “Failure to Grasp Automation Failure” using the taxonomy in the target paper. Overall, we believe that the target paper could enhance the consideration for potential automation failures in the design and regulatory review process of automation technologies.
Accelerating Understanding of Human Response to Automation Failure
Authors: Loft Shayne
Published: April 2024

Firstly, I comment on the lack of support for the predictions of the lumberjack model to professionally qualified operators in high-fidelity work simulations (Jamieson & Skraaning, 2020a). I highlight the advantages that Bayesian statistics provide for qualifying the degree of evidence for the null hypotheses, issues concerning situation awareness measurement, and the alternative techniques available to study experts. Secondly, I comment on the innovative taxonomy of automation failure presented by Skraaning and Jamieson (2024), pointing out some issues with overlapping definitions and lack of cause-effect relationships. I then discuss the substantial opportunity this taxonomy presents to guide future research, such as the design of transparent automation. To conclude, I identify some other key problems regarding how we currently study human-automation teaming (e.g. presenting randomized automation failure unlinked to task context) and invite discussion from the research community on the relevance of computational modelling to this field of research.
Costotransverse joint ankylosis and their association with syndesmophyte progression in patients with radiographic axial spondyloarthritis
Authors: Min Hong Ki , Kim Se Hee , Lee Sang-Heon , Kim Hae-Rim , Lee Sang-Hoon
Published: April 2024

Background:

Abnormal new bone formation can occur not only in the vertebral body but also can occur in facet, costovertebral, and costotransverse joints in radiographic axial spondyloarthritis (r-axSpA) patients. Little is known about the association between syndesmophyte progression and paravertebral joint ankylosis in r-axSpA.

Objectives:

Costotransverse joint ankylosis in r-axSpA patients was measured. Furthermore, the association between syndesmophyte progression for 2 years assessed by computed tomography syndesmophyte score (CTSS) and facet, costovertebral, and costotransverse joints ankylosis were evaluated.

Design:

Single-center, prospective, cohort study.

Methods:

Whole spine CT images taken at baseline and 2-year follow-up were used to calculate the CTSS of the vertebral body. In addition, ankylosis of the facet/costovertebral/costotransverse joints was scored. CTSS (range, 0–552) and facet joint ankylosis (range, 0–46) were assessed at 23 vertebral units. Costovertebral joints at T1–T12 (range, 0–48) and costotransverse joints at T1–T10 (range, 0–20) were also assessed by independent two readers. Intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC) were calculated to determine inter-reader reliability. Odds ratios (OR) were calculated to identify the associations between syndesmophyte progression and the baseline status of facet, costovertebral, and costotransverse joints.

Results:

In all, 50 patients with r-axSpA were included. Readers 1 and 2 identified C7–T3 (facet joints), T5–T7 and T12 (costovertebral joints), and T8–T9 (costotransverse joints), as common sites of ankylosis at baseline and at 2-year follow-up. The ICCs for the facet, costovertebral, and costotransverse joints at baseline were 0.876, 0.952, and 0.753, respectively. OR of baseline costovertebral and costotransverse joint ankylosis for predicting syndesmophyte progression of the vertebral body was 4.644 [95% confidence interval (CI), 2.295–9.398] and 1.524 (95% CI, 1.036–2.244), respectively.

Conclusion:

Costotransverse joint ankylosis in r-axSpA patients can be measured semi-quantitatively on whole spine CT, and ankylosis of the costotransverse and costovertebral joints predicts the progression of syndesmophytes. Trial registration: Not applicable.
Critical Qualitative Inquiry: An Optimistic Counter in/to a Conservative Backslide
Authors: Wolgemuth Jennifer R. , Jordan Lorien S.
Published: April 2024

In this conceptual paper, we theorize possibilities for critical qualitative inquirers who work in the face of and in response to escalating authoritarian threats to democracy, academic freedom, and belonging. We explore seemingly failed methodological, pedagogical, and activist resistances that arose from our experiences as critical qualitative methodologists in states marked by oppressive conservative driven democratic backsliding. Drawing inspiration from Manning’s account of the minor, Malabou’s plasticity, and Butler’s radical interdependence, we share how new collective, creative, and clever countermoves emerged from the failure of planned resistances. Our examples exist in the space of radical hope, offering provocations for critical qualitative researchers as we (re)conceptualize and (re)enact movements toward justice amid a conservative backslide.
A Plasmacytoma of the Lateral Pharyngeal Wall: A Diagnostic Enigma
Authors: Bathobakae Lefika , Hasan Shayee , Shahid Aneeqa , Wilkinson Tyler , Ajas Shajla , Kumar Mehandar , Qayyum Sohail , Akmal Amer
Published: April 2024

Plasmacytoma is a rare plasma cell dyscrasia that grows in bones or soft tissues such as the pharynx. Soft tissue plasmacytomas are rare, and a higher burden has been reported in the upper aero-digestive tract, often manifesting as hoarseness, dysphagia, or odynophagia. Due to their rarity, extramedullary plasmacytomas (EMPs) have unknown prognostic factors, and guidelines for optimal management are still lacking. However, radiation therapy and surgery have been used with positive outcomes. Herein, we describe a unique case of plasmacytoma of the pharyngeal tissue in a male patient with a history of HIV disease. The patient completed 28 sessions of radiation therapy, resulting in an improvement in his throat pain and hoarseness. Given the patient’s age and lack of traditional risk factors for head and neck cancers, his hoarseness and odynophagia proved to be a diagnostic conundrum. Although infrequent, soft tissue plasmacytomas should be considered in the differential diagnosis of head and neck tumors.
Preventable Emergency Department Visits of Patients with Alzheimer’s Disease and Related Dementias During the COVID-19 Pandemic by Hospital-Based Health Information Exchange
Authors: Wang Nianyang , Maguire Teagan Knapp , Chen Jie
Published: April 2024

Background: This study examined the relationship between hospital-based electronic health information exchange (HIE) and the likelihood of having a preventable emergency department (ED) visit during the COVID-19 pandemic for US patients with Alzheimer’s Disease and Related Dementias (ADRD). Methods: We used multi-level data from six states. The linked data sets included the 2020 State Emergency Department Databases (SEDD), the Area Health Resources File, the American Hospital Association (AHA) Annual Survey, and the AHA Information Technology Supplement to study 85,261 hospital discharges from patients with ADRD. Logistic regression models were produced to determine the odds of having a preventable ED visit among patients with ADRD. Results: Our final sample included 85,261 hospital discharges from patients with ADRD. Patients treated in hospitals that received more types of clinical information for treating patients with COVID-19 from outside providers ( OR = 0.961, p < .05) and/or hospitals that received COVID-19 test results from more outside entities were significantly less likely to encounter preventable EDs ( OR = 0.964, p < .05), especially among patients who also had multiple chronic conditions (MCC) ( OR = 0.89, p = .001; OR = 0.856, p < .001). Conclusion: Our results suggest that electronic HIE may be useful for reducing preventable ED visits during the COVID-19 pandemic for people with ADRD and ADRD alongside MCC.
Visualizing the Emergence of Political Homophobia: Anti-LGBTQ+ and Anti-Ukrainian Sentiment in Russian Public Opinion
Authors: Tsaturyan Asya
Published: April 2024

On February 24, 2022, Russia invaded Ukraine, escalating a conflict that began in 2014 with the annexation of Crimea. Before the annexation, Russia’s anti-gay propaganda legislation set a precedent for homophobic laws worldwide. Over the past decade, Russia implemented numerous anti-LGBTQ+ laws, including the recent ban on gender reassignment. Through state-controlled media, Russian leadership portrayed both of these efforts as defending the nation against Western influence. So, I ask: Did it work? In this visualization, we see that before the introduction of anti-gay propaganda legislation and the Ukrainian conflict, public opinion data showed no statistically significant correlation between attitudes on the two issues. However, following these events, a positive association emerged between support for anti-gay views and anti-Ukrainian sentiment. These findings shed light on the growth of political homophobia within the Russian context, where gender and sexuality issues have become intertwined with a national security narrative.
Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome: a study of 577 patients defines the genotype as a biomarker for disease severity and survival
Authors: Vallée Tanja C. , Glasmacher Jannik S. , Buchner Hannes , Arkwright Peter D. , Behrends Uta , Bondarenko Anastasia , Browning Michael J. , Buchbinder David , Cattoni Alessandro , Chernyshova Liudmyla , Ciznar Peter , Cole Theresa , Czogała Wojciech , Dueckers Gregor , Edgar John David M. , Erbey Fatih , Fasth Anders , Ferrua Francesca , Formankova Renata , Gambineri Eleonora , Gennery Andrew R. , Goldman Frederick D. , Gonzalez-Granado Luis I. , Heilmann Carsten , Heiskanen-Kosma Tarja , Juntti Hanna , Kainulainen Leena , Kanegane Hirokazu , Karaca Neslihan E. , Kilic Sara S. , Klein Christoph , Kołtan Sylwia , Kondratenko Irina , Meyts Isabelle , Nasrullayeva Gulnara M. , Notarangelo Lucia D. , Pasic Srdjan , Pellier Isabelle , Pignata Claudio , Misbah Siraj , Schulz Ansgar , Segundo Gesmar R. , Shcherbina Anna , Slatter Mary , Sokolic Robert , Soler-Palacin Pere , Stepensky Polina , van Montfrans Joris M. , Ryhänen Samppa , Wolska-Kuśnierz Beata , Ziegler John B. , Zhao Xiaodong , Aiuti Alessandro , Ochs Hans D. , Albert Michael H.
Published: April 2024

Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome (WAS) is a multifaceted monogenic disorder with a broad disease spectrum and variable disease severity and a variety of treatment options including allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) and gene therapy (GT). No reliable biomarker exists to predict disease course and outcome for individual patients. A total of 577 patients with a WAS variant from 26 countries and a median follow-up of 8.9 years (range, 0.3-71.1), totaling 6118 patient-years, were included in this international retrospective study. Overall survival (OS) of the cohort (censored at HSCT or GT) was 82% (95% confidence interval, 78-87) at age 15 years and 70% (61-80) at 30 years. The type of variant was predictive of outcome: patients with a missense variant in exons 1 or 2 or with the intronic hot spot variant c.559+5G>A (class I variants) had a 15-year OS of 93% (89-98) and a 30-year OS of 91% (86-97), compared with 71% (62-81) and 48% (34-68) in patients with any other variant (class II; P < .0001). The cumulative incidence rates of disease-related complications such as severe bleeding (P = .007), life-threatening infection (P < .0001), and autoimmunity (P = .004) occurred significantly later in patients with a class I variant. The cumulative incidence of malignancy (P = .6) was not different between classes I and II. It confirms the spectrum of disease severity and quantifies the risk for specific disease-related complications. The class of the variant is a biomarker to predict the outcome for patients with WAS.