bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A study on morbidity and nutritional status of deaf-mute children attending a special school of Hyderabad, Telangana
Authors: Snehika Allampally , Koteswaramma C. H. , Kumar M. Vijay , Madhuri V.
Published: June 2023

Background: Hearing is necessary for the development of language, speech, and cognitive skills. Hearing loss effects a child's ability to learn, communicate, and to socialize. Hearing impairment often goes unnoticed which compromises a child's ability to speak and express their needs. If no rehabilitation is done child develops physical and mental issues. Deaf-mute children are neglected in these aspects hence present study aimed to assess their nutritional and morbidity status among them. The objective of this study was to assess the morbidity profile among Deaf mute children attending organizations in Hyderabad and to determine their nutritional status among them.
Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted over for 2 months during May and June 2022 among 50 deaf-mute children attending a special school in Hyderabad. A pre-designed semi-structured questionnaire was used to interview subjects after taking permission from the principal and confidentiality was ensured. The collected data were analysed using MS Excel and Epi-Info software.
Results: The mean age was 13.4 years with the majority being female children (82%). The prevalence of undernutrition was 16% and the prevalence of overnutrition was 26%. The prevalence of undernutrition was more among boys and the prevalence of overnutrition was slightly more among girls. The morbidity pattern showed that 24 (47.5%) suffered from any disease during the past 3 months with the commonest morbidity being dental caries (74%).  
Conclusions: The study showed a high proportion of deaf-mute children developing nutritional deficiencies and morbidities; hence an effective collaboration and coordination between these organizations and ICDS anganwadi centres are needed for the improvement of nutritional status.
Determinants of depression and coping strategies among nursing students after the second wave of the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Chauhan Soni , Tiwari Surya Kant , Mishra Tannu , Maurya Gitanjali , Srivastava Saumya P.
Published: June 2023

Background: COVID-19 pandemic led to the emergence of mental health problems such as depression and the use of maladaptive coping strategies among nursing students. This study is planned to assess the prevalence of depression and coping strategies adopted by nursing students after the second wave of the COVID-19 pandemic.
Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional survey was carried out among 164 nursing students in a selected nursing institution in a rural area of Northern India. Depression was assessed using the patient health questionnaire-9, whereas coping was assessed by the brief-coping orientation of problem experienced scale.
Results: Mean age of the participants was 20.80±2.35 years. The mean depression score of nursing students was 6.43±4.28. Majority of the nursing students had mild depression (43.9%) and belonged to the non-depressed group (78.7%) with a PHQ-9 score <9. Maladaptive coping mechanisms were chiefly utilized by male nursing students. Coping mechanisms substance use (β=0.223, p<0.013) had more impact on depression, after controlling for sociodemographic variables and COVID-19-related information of nursing students.
Conclusions: Minimal or mild depression is common among nursing students after the second wave of the unprecedented pandemic with adaptive coping strategies more commonly used.
Risk factors for choledocholithiasis: a literature review
Authors: Martínez Glendy Alejandra
Published: June 2023

Choledocholithiasis is a disease characterized by the presence of stones in the common bile duct, which can lead to serious complications. This literature review aims to explore in detail the risk factors associated with choledocholithiasis, examining its epidemiology, clinical significance and aspects related to its diagnosis, surgical treatment and complications. An exhaustive search of the updated scientific literature was carried out, consulting various specialized databases, in order to provide a complete and updated vision on this relevant topic in the medical field.
Nutritional concepts of health promotion in sub urban community: focus on obesity and hypertension
Authors: Peter Malachy B. , Nwose Ezekiel U. , Ofili Charles , Peters Esegbue
Published: June 2023

Many obese and hypertensive individuals reside in suburban areas with poor health infrastructure and low levels of public awareness. The adult morbidity and mortality rates are currently being dominated by diet-related non-communicable diseases like obesity, hypertension, and metabolic syndrome in various countries. Applying both individualized and community-based health promotion strategies can result in the prevention and control of obesity and hypertension. This study examined the role of nutrition in promoting good health, preventing and treating obesity and hypertension in suburban areas. The prevalence of diet-related non-communicable diseases has been notably reduced as a result of health promotion programs. A diet high in dietary fiber, rich in fruits, vegetables, whole grains, lean meats, fish, legumes, non-tropical vegetable oils, and nuts (in moderation) has been promoted. This needs to be adjusted to take into consideration the required calorie intake, unique dietary preferences based on culture and individual, as well as nutrition therapy for various medical conditions.
A lead for integration of perinatal mental health in maternal and child health services
Authors: Pal Monalisha
Published: June 2023

Life altering moments like pregnancy, birth, and early parenthood can be stressful for women and their partners. As a result, women may undergo a period of poor mental health or witness a worsening of previous mental health or witness a worsening of previous mental health condition. Almost 1 in 5 women will experience a mental health condition during pregnancy or in the year after birth. Among women with perinatal mental health condition, 20% will experience suicidal thoughts or undertake acts of self-harm. Ignoring mental health not only risks women’s overall health and wellbeing, but also impacts infant’s physical and emotional development. This article is based on a comprehensive literature search conducted on 22 February 2023, in the Medline and Cochrane databases, utilizing the medical topic headings (MeSH) and a combination of all available related terms, according to the database. To prevent missing any possible research, a manual search for publications was conducted through Google Scholar, using the reference lists of the previously listed in papers as a starting point. I looked for valuable information in papers that discussed information about the classification, pathophysiology and principles of therapy of shock. There are no restrictions on date, language, participants, age, or type of publication.
Intraoperative local infiltration anesthesia effect on post-operative pain after total knee replacement
Authors: Jbarat Ashraf M. , Obeidat Mohammad M. , Alsarhan Hamed A. , Al-Oun Mohammad H. , Al-Tarawni Laith K.
Published: June 2023

Background: Pain following TKA renders rehabilitation difficult. Local infiltration anesthesia (LIA) could significantly decrease post-operative pain. Aim was to assess the effect of peri-articular intraoperative LIA during primary TKA on post-operative pain.
Methods: This prospective, randomized and double-blind study included 150 patients, aged 65-74 years, of both sexes with stage 4 knee osteoarthritis who were assigned for primary TKA at Queen Alia Military hospital, Amman-Jordan, during the period May 2022–December 2022. Patients were divided into two groups. LIA group (GI, n=75) received a single peri-articular LIA during surgery. The cocktail comprised 75 mg diclofenac sodium, 100 mg bupivacaine, and 0.5 mg adrenaline. The cocktail was diluted in 100 ml of normal saline and split into two syringes, 50 ml each. Patients in control group (GII, n=75) received only 100 ml of normal saline. When patients had pain postoperatively, 1 mg morphine was given intravenously at 15-minute intervals. Primary outcomes were verbal analog scale (VAS) pain score from day 1 to 6 after surgery and overall morphine administration.
Results: On day 1 after surgery, the average VAS was 4.19 in the LIA group vs. 6.08 in group II (p<0.002), while it was 4.01 versus 4.78 (p>0.05) on day 6. Overall morphine requirement and pain scores from day 1 to day 6 after surgery were less in the LIA group than in the other group, 13.06 mg versus 20.75 mg (p<0.004).
Conclusions: Peri-articular LIA during TKA significantly improve post-operative pain and decreases morphine use.
A decade of experience in tumors of femur from local resection to amputation
Authors: Shanmugam Subbiah , Balakrishnan Sathiyaseelan
Published: June 2023

Background: Femur is the most common site for long bone tumor especially in young adults. The main function of femur is weight bearing and it plays a vital role in stability of gait.
Methods: A total of 42 patients underwent surgery for tumors in femur between 2013 and 2022 in our institution. We analysed the demographic data, type of tumor, nature of treatment given, functional outcome, complication rate and nature, recurrence and readmission patterns in those patients.
Results: Of the 42 surgeries, 35 were performed for malignant femoral tumor while the remaining seven for benign femoral tumor. Among the 42 patients, 34 underwent treatment for distal femoral tumor and eight for proximal tumor of which 3 patients underwent total femoral resection with reconstruction. Osteosarcoma was the most common malignant tumor. In total, 30 patients underwent custom made endo prosthesis (CMP) reconstruction after bone resection. Nine patients underwent amputation. Among those 30 patients who underwent CMP reconstruction, three patients were salvaged with amputation for tumor recurrence. Considering the age of one patient we did local resection and cementing for a benign tumor. One patient underwent expandable prosthesis reconstruction and one underwent modular prosthesis.
Conclusions: Limb salvage surgery in the form of CMP reconstruction has been the standard of care in our institution with a good functional outcome and low morbidity rate. A combination of surgery with adequate clearance, prompt early physiotherapy and better prosthetic design help our patients to resume their day-to-day activities at the earliest.
A prospective study to estimate the outcome of patellar fracture fixation with suture material of high resistance properties
Authors: Sain Ajay , Mathur A. K. , Jangir Rajat , Saini Rajat , Thakan Somya
Published: June 2023

Background: Patella fractures make from 0.5% to 1.5% of all bone fractures.  The most common fracture type, transverse fracture, impairs knee extension mechanics due to fragment displacement. In the years that followed, newer procedures were pursued in order to alleviate the aforementioned difficulties. K-wires were successfully replaced with cannulated screws. Furthermore, cerclage wiring was replaced with alternative implants without jeopardising the figure-of-eight tension band build.
Methods: A prospective study was conducted over a period of 18 months to evaluate the outcome of patellar fractures fixation with newer techniques and sutures. The study had 35 participants.
Results: This study included patients in the age group of 21-77 years. Among the total of 35 patients in the study, Maximum number of patients in our study were in the age range of 41-60 years which comprised 42.86%.  In this study of 35 patients, 20 were male patients and 15 patients were female i.e. 57.14% of our study group comprised of male patients while 42.86% comprised of female patients.
Conclusions: The above study clearly demonstrates that the high resistance suture materials can be used as a potential alternative or may even be better to the existing prevalent fixation of patella fractures with stainless steel and wires. Fibertape fixation presents a lot of advantages over the traditional stainless steel and wire fixation. Biomechanically, fibertape has demonstrated tensile strength and stiffness equal to stainless steel and in certain specific parameters proved even more stronger than the stainless steel.
Clinical outcomes of primary Latarjet technique in recurrent shoulder dislocation using BioLatarjet® LCS cannulated flat head screws
Authors: N. Prashanth B.
Published: June 2023

Background: The Latarjet technique is an effective procedure that reconstructs and augments the glenohumeral joint instability. It improves stability by increasing the glenoid width and using the sling effect. The aim of the study was to assess the functional outcomes of the primary Latarjet treatment with BioLatarjet® LCS cannulated flat head screws in cases of recurrent shoulder dislocation.
Methods: In this retrospective study, 30 patients were treated with the primary Latarjet technique. Rowe score, visual analog scale (VAS), Quebec back pain disability scale (QDS), and, American shoulder and elbow surgeon score (ASES), and range of motion (ROM) were evaluated in the selected population at the time point of 6-week, 3-month, and 6-month after surgery for the determination of the functional outcomes in them.
Results: The results showed that all patients had excellent or good functional outcomes with significant improvements in Rowe score, VAS score, QDS, and ASES scores (p<0.0001). The ROM in patients for forward elevation, cross body adduction, external rotation by side of body/neutral, and internal rotation by side of body/neutral were related to better clinical outcome and less movement of recurrent instability with optimal graft placement.
Conclusions: These findings have clinical significance in that they demonstrate the effectiveness of the Latarjet technique in improving stability without significantly increasing the risk of complications. The BioLatarjet® LCS cannulated flat head screws were found to be safe and efficient for primary Latarjet surgeries, providing appropriate graft healing and a low recurrence of instability, with a good return-to-sports rate.
Effect of iodine impregnated plastic adhesive drapes in preventing surgical site infection post spine surgeries
Authors: Kumar Krishan , Singh Harpal , Dattu Vijay , Khosla Vaibhav , Mittal Mandeep
Published: June 2023

Background: Surgical Site Infection (SSI) complicates roughly 1-3% of orthopaedic surgeries. This study aimed to assess the effect of iodine impregnated plastic adhesive drapes (PAD) in preventing surgical site infection post spine surgeries.
Methods: This non-randomized experimental study was conducted in the Department of Orthopedics, of a tertiary care hospital in Pathankot, Punjab, from January 1, 2022 till July 31, 2022, in which adult patients who underwent elective spine surgeries involving cervical, thoracic and lumbar spine and requiring post-operative care of at least 3 days were included. Every alternate patient received iodine impregnated surgical incise plastic adhesive drape (3M ioban 2) for draping before the skin incision. The patients were followed up on for six months after surgery.
Results: It was observed a significantly higher duration of surgery in the PAD group, as compared to those without PAD (140.4±45.6 vs 112.5±36.7 mins, p value <0.05). Furthermore, length of incision was not significantly different between the two patient groups (15.4±6.6 vs 17.3±8.5 cm, p value = 0.71). It was observed that overall infection rate in our study population was 3.85% (n=3). It was found to be 3% in the patients with iodine impregnated PAD and 5% in patients without iodine impregnated PAD, with no significant difference between them (p value = 0.88).
Conclusions: We found no data supporting or denying the use of iodine impregnated PAD for lowering the incidence of SSI in patients having elective spine surgery cases.
Chondrosarcoma of the anterior chest wall: surgical resection and reconstruction, our institutional experience
Authors: Shanmugam Subbiah , C. H. Radha Siva Bharath
Published: June 2023

Primary chest wall tumours are not very common. Chondrosarcomas is most common tumour arising from the chest wall. It occurs more often during the third and fourth decade of life. Chondrosarcomas are resistant to conventional chemotherapy and radiotherapy. Wide margin surgical excision remains the best available treatment approach. For chondrosarcomas involving the chest wall, surgical excision may result in chest wall defects that may require reconstruction to obliterate dead space, restore chest wall rigidity, preserve respiratory mechanics, maintain pulmonary function, protect intrathoracic organs, provide soft tissue coverage and minimize deformity. In this article we present a series of 3 cases of chondrosarcoma of anterior chest wall managed at government Royapettah hospital, Kilpauk medical college, Chennai. A 71-year-old male patient, a case of 22×20 cm giant chondrosarcoma arising from anterior left chest wall involving 2nd to 8th ribs. We did wide local excision and reconstruction of chest wall with a synthetic bone cement (methyl methacrylate) construct, sandwiched between two layers of polypropylene mesh.  A 38-year-old male patient, a case of 8×6 cm chondrosarcoma of left anterior chest wall involving 9th rib, we did wide excision of tumor along with 8th, 9th, 10th ribs and defect reconstructed with prolene mesh.  A 37-year-old male patient, a case of 5×4 cm chondrosarcoma arising from left 4th rib. We did wide excision along with 4th rib and primary closure. Patients with chondrosarcomas generally have a good prognosis when optimally diagnosed and treated. Our case series is interesting due to the different sizes of chondrosarcomas at presentation, which are managed differently. Complete resection with wide surgical margin remains the best available treatment, but post resection chest wall reconstruction is posing a great surgical challenge.
Functional outcome of type 4 Pipkin classification of femoral head fracture operated by open reduction internal fixation by ganz safe surgical dislocation approach management: a case report
Authors: Daruwala Siddharth H. , Patil Nitin S. , Kulkarni P. N. , Nadkarni Mohit
Published: June 2023

Fracture of the femoral head is a severe, relatively uncommon injury; typically, it may have associated with traumatic posterior dislocation of the hip joint with or without acetabulum fracture. The Pipkin classification is the most commonly used classification system. Controversies include the preferred surgical approach (anterior versus posterior) versus ganz safe surgical dislocation approach and whether to perform femoral head fragment excision or internal fixation. Presenting a case report of 28 years old young male with a motor vehicle road traffic accident and suffered a head of femur fracture on right hip joint with posterior wall of right acetabulum fracture with Judet-Letournel type posterior wall and type 4 Pipkin’s classification of femoral head fracture. This patient was undergone for emergency surgical intervention of open reduction, internal fixation through Ganz approach and insertion of Herbert screws for femoral head and interfragmentary screw for trochanteric osteotomy. The patient was followed up for 1 year and have a complete range of motion at hip joint with painless daily lifestyle. Type 4 Pipkin classification of femoral head fracture managed timely and with surgical intervention by ganz safe surgical dislocation approach provides visualization to femoral head and whole acetabulum with internal fixation of femur head by herbert screw which preserves normal anatomic contour of femoral head shows appropriate reduction of fracture fragments and it may also avoid hemiarthroplasty surgeries. Fracture of the femoral head has been associated with a relatively poor functional outcome and requires timely management and surgical intervention. Specially type 4 Pipkin classification of femoral head fracture treated by ganz safe surgical dislocation approach with internal fixation of femur head by herbert screw shows better outcome and avoid risk of AVN of femoral head. Complications associated with fracture of the femoral head and subsequent treatment include osteonecrosis, post-traumatic osteoarthritis, heterotopic ossification and implant failure.
Orthopaedic surgeons and the legal tightrope: safeguarding patient welfare amidst rising litigation
Authors: Ganesh Arjun , Kumar M. Mohan
Published: June 2023

Medicolegal litigation is a critical aspect of orthopaedic practice. These disputes can arise due to a variety of reasons, including medical negligence, malpractice, and breach of duty. Orthopaedic surgeons are at risk of being involved in medicolegal cases due to the nature of their work, which involves complex surgical procedures and postoperative care. They are required to manage a wide range of cases, from minor fractures to complex spinal and joint surgeries. As with any medical field, orthopaedic surgery being a complex and dynamic medical specialty; carries with it a certain amount of legal responsibility, with litigation rates on the rise globally. This article aims to provide an overview of the areas in orthopaedics where medicolegal litigation is highest and highlight some of the strategies that can be employed to reduce the risk of litigation.
Reformulação do instrumento de avaliação docente em uma graduação em Farmácia
Authors: Cantano Márcia Mendes Ruiz , Gonçalves Ana Maria Rosa Freato , Campos Marília Silveira de Almeida , Pereira Leonardo Régis Leira
Published: June 2023

Este trabalho apresenta a elaboração de um questionário para avaliação continuada em um curso de Farmácia. Foram realizadas revisão da literatura e discussões envolvendo o Apoio Pedagógico e a Comissão de Graduação do curso, dando origem à primeira versão do questionário com 20 itens, analisados por especialistas e submetidos a um pré-teste com graduandos; após a etapa de adequação, foi aplicado o Questionário de Avaliação Continuada (QAC) com 21 itens e 383 questionários respondidos. O escore máximo foi atingido por 5,48% dos respondentes, sugerindo que o QAC apresenta evidências de validade de conteúdo e que o processo de reformulação da avaliação continuada descrito pode auxiliar outras instituições de ensino superior que estejam vivenciando cenários semelhantes.
Association of serum lipids and random plasma glucose levels with severity of diabetic retinopathy
Authors: Tiwari Mukta , Chander Ashish , Singh V K
Published: June 2023

Diabetic retinopathy is the most common vision-threatening chronic microvascular, microangiopathy complication of diabetes militias.

We have designed this cross sectional observational study to understand the role of serum lipids and random plasma glucose level with severity of diabetic retinopathy (DR). This study was accomplished with 210 patients that came to us in the diabetic clinic. There were two groups: Group A - All DM patients with no apparent sign of diabetic retinopathy (Grade I) and Group B - All DM Patients with any signs of diabetic retinopathy (Grade II - V). Diabetic retinopathy (DR) was graded according to The International Clinical Diabetic Retinopathy Disease Severity Scale on dilated fundus examination and fundus phtotograpgy. Serum lipids (Total, LDL, and HDL cholesterol and triglycerides) were then assessed according to NCEP ATP III guidlines. The correlation of the severity DR was then assessed with serum lipids and random plasm glucose.

We found that total cholesterol and triglycerides played a detrimental role in the severity of diabetic retinopathy and the likelihood of developing a more severe form of diabetic retinopathy was dependent on their levels (P<0.05). The Association of HDL and LDL with different grades of diabetic retinopathy was also found significant (P<0.05). However, the association of VLDL (P>0.05) was found insignificant. Similarly, the values of total cholesterol, triglycerides and HDL showed a significant rise with severity of diabetic macular edema (DME)

In this present study, the significant association of total cholesterol, triglycerides and HDL with DR thus concludes that along with strict glycemic monitoring and control, the of control of hyperlipidemia is also noteworthy to prevent the progression of DR and DME.
Comparative study of antibiotic sensitivity pattern of bacterial isolates from ocular infections among patients with and without diabetes mellitus
Authors: Chikkanayakanahalli Kavitha , Acharya Pavana , Javagal Akshatha
Published: June 2023

Antibiotic sensitivity pattern of bacterial isolates varies from place to place and time to time. This study is aimed at determining the sensitivity patterns in our setup. In the era of emerging resistance to antibiotics, there is a need to determine the antibiotic sensitivity pattern of bacterial isolates from ocular infections and to compare the antibiotic sensitivity pattern of bacterial isolates in ocular infections among patients with and without diabetes mellitus.

1. To determine the antibiotic sensitivity pattern of bacterial isolates in ocular infections. 2. To compare the antibiotic sensitivity pattern of bacterial isolates from ocular infections among patients with and without diabetes mellitus. 3. To study the predisposing factors for development of the multidrug resistant bacteria in ocular infections.

: It was a hospital based cross-sectional study carried out among the patients presenting to Outpatient department of Hassan Institute of Medical Sciences, Hassan, Karnataka from January 2022 to June 2022. The aims and objectives of the intended study were explained to the subjects and informed written consent was taken. Institutional ethical clearance was obtained. Data was collected as per the proforma sheet.

110 samples were divided into two groups- Diabetics (Group A) & Non diabetics (Group B). Majority70(63.6%) of samples sent were from ocular pathology Chronic dacryocystitis. Positivity rate of cultures was 31.8%. Most common isolate in both groups was Staphylococcus aureus. 89% of positive culture patients had history of antibiotic abuse. Highest sensitivity was seen with aminoglycosides and resistance was seen with macrolide like azithromycin and fluroquinolone like ciprofloxacin.

Antibiotic sensitivity and resistance patterns of bacterial isolates in ocular infections was similar in both Diabetics (Group A) and Non diabetics (Group B). Highest sensitivity was seen for Amikacin, Gentamicin and Tobramycin in both groups. Highest resistance was seen for Azithromycin, Amoxicillin clavulanic acid, Ciprofloxacin in both groups.

Multidrug resistance was due to previous history of use of antibiotics, injudicious use of antibiotics for viral, allergic and other conditions, incomplete treatment for ocular infections and extended duration of antibiotic usage.
Awareness of diabectic retinopathy among diabetics in urban population of Hyderabad, South India
Authors: Damarla Nirupama , Tadisina Sanjay Reddy , Bommisetti Hymavathi , Geedipally Satyanarayana Reddy , Chevuturu Madhavi
Published: June 2023

Diabetes Mellitus (DM) is a significant public health burden in India. Focus on Diabetes and its complications is important to prevent mortality and morbidity due to this disease. Lack of awareness is one of the main barrier for detection of DM and its complications. Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is one of the most common complication of DM which causes of blindness and visual impairment. The purpose of this study was to assess knowledge and attitude of diabetic patients towards eye care and DR in urban south Indian population.

Cross-sectional study was done on 537 patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. All patients underwent complete ocular examination including visual acuity, anterior segment and fundus examination using slit-lamp biomicroscope by attending Ophthalmologist. They were administered questionnaire to test their knowledge and attitude. Their answers were documented. Statistical analysis was done using SPSS software (IBM).

Out of 537 patients (50.9%) patients knew that there was relationship between Diabetes and Retinopathy while (49.1%) patients were not aware of. 60.4% of patients were of the opinion that there was no need of regular screening if vision in both eyes are good and 39.6% of patients were of the opinion that they should undergo a routine ophthalmology screening every year despite of good vision in both the eyes. 69.6% of patients said that good control of DM might prevent DR. The level of knowledge of DR was found to be significantly associated with patients’ educational level (p=0.038). Patients with relatively higher educational level were more aware of DR occurring as a consequence of diabetes. Patients with longer duration of Diabetes had more knowledge on DR (p=0.001).

In our study there was an association between educational qualification and knowledge regarding Diabetic retinopathy. (p value=0.04). This stresses on the importance of health education amongst rural and illiterate population.
Early detection and descemetopexy boon for visual outcome in Descemet’s membrane detachment following cataract surgery
Authors: Ramraika Divya , Singh Rahul , Agrawal Saket , Ramraika Moon
Published: June 2023

To compare results of early intra-operative versus post-operative Descemet’s membrane detachment (DMD) detection and descemetopexy.

Data was collected retrospectively for patients who developed DMD from December 2018 to March 2020 and underwent air descemetopexy.

: The study comprised of 85 eyes of 85 patients. (which 4 were excluded.) There were 41 males and 39 females. Mean age was 66.93 years (SD ± 12.21). 4 eyes had mild DMD which were excluded from final analysis. 55 eyes had moderate & 26 had severe DMD. 68 eyes had intraoperative descemetopexy (Group 1) and 13 had late detection of DMD with late post-operative descemetopexy (Group 2). Median final BCVA in group 1 was 0.17 logMAR(IQR 0.13) & in group 2 was 0.60 logMAR(IQR 0.22).

Air descemetopexy gives acceptable results in cases of DMD. However early detection of DM detachment during primary surgery with early descemetopexy yields better results in visual outcome of patients. Hence, carefulness in detection of intra-operative complications should be kept and early descemetopexy should be considered to prevent severe visual loss due to DMD.
Study of comparison of surgically induced astigmatism after small incision cataract surgery and phacoemulsification surgery
Authors: Pandey Ashish , Vyas Vimal J , Bhalodia Hiral J
Published: June 2023

To compare surgically induced astigmatism after manual small incision cataract surgery and phacoemulsification surgery. 2) To know the prevalence of pre-existing astigmatism, it’s magnitude and type and patients with cataract. 3) To calculate the average astigmatism induced after manual small incision cataract surgery and also to know the type of astigmatism and change in it in first month of surgery. 4) To calculate the average astigmatism induced after phacoemulsification surgery and also to know the type of astigmatism and change in its first month of surgery. 5) To study changes in astigmatism and its effect on vision after cataract surgery. 6) To compare astigmatism induced by straight and frown incision after operation.

The study was carried out in Department of Ophthalmology, P.D.U government Medical College, Rajkot under guidance of operating surgeons and patients operated in the duration of 24 months from September 2020 to October 2022.Informed consent was obtained from all the patients undergoing study. It was a prospective study and all the patients were randomly selected over the above mentioned period that had cataract with normal anterior and posterior segments. To have a more homogeneous study population all the patients underwent a similar Preoperative, Intra operative, Postoperative Surgical protocols. All eyes were operated under peribulbar anaesthesia with 2% lignocaine+bupivacain+hyalronidase. Superior sclero corneal pocket tunnel with external incision of frown configuration in manual SICS and straight incision in phacoemulsification was made. All the cases with 3.2 mm of incision in phacoemulsification and 6.5 mm incision in manual SICS were taken. Surgically induced astigmatism was then calculated by the subtraction method and vector analysis.

Average SIA in SICS was 1.32 SD and in Phacoemulsification was 0.60 SD which means that larger incision size increases SIA. SIA was maximum on first post-operative day and it regressed with time as noted on first post-operative month in both the groups. It decreased from 1.66 D on first postoperative day to 1.32 D on first postoperative month in SICS Patients and from 0.63 D to 0.60 D in Phacoemulsification patient.
A meta-analysis on pre-eclampsia and ocular fundus changes associated during pregnancy
Authors: Jana Anindita , Halder Abhijit , Mazumdar Arabinda , Biswas Nirmay , Majumder Anindita
Published: June 2023

: Pre-eclampsia is a severe life threatening complications of pregnancy and it is characterized by hypertension and significant amount of protein in urine usually occurring during the second half of pregnancy which is mostly after 20 weeks of pregnancy.

A systemic meta analysis was planned to analyze and study the recorded pre-eclampsia cases and their fundus changes associated during pregnancy. This systemic self-study have reviewed the facts which were published earlier to determine the current scenario by vast study of statistics and derivation of facts. Vast meta-analysis were conducted with proper examination of data were made to evaluate with final conclusion.

Based on our meta-analysis & systematic evaluation on pre-eclampsia and ocular fundus manifestation during pregnancy we observed, studied and derived into several facts and results. We also inferred that ocular examination in patients with pregnancy induced hypertension should be considered as an important tool of clinical evaluation to asses, predict and diagnose the safety of fetal outcomes and the complication and future risk of mother’s life.

We conclude that well-being of both mother and fetus is very crucial during pregnancy. This well-being mostly depends upon the placental circulation. Ophthalmic examination of mother’s fundus could be very important tool to assess the health and well-being of both mother and fetus which might indicate to similar microcirculatory changes in placenta and indirectly to fetal well-being.
Clinio-pathological study of recurrent basal cell carcinoma in periocular region
Authors: Tyagi Manoj , Pandey Achyut N , Sharma Shweta
Published: June 2023

To evaluate the prevalence, topographical location and histological type of recurrent basal cell carcinoma in periocular region at tertiary care centre.

Clinical and histological data was collected from the patients treated for recurrent basal cell carcinoma (BCC) in periocular region during Jan 2019 to Dec 2021 was analyzed for prevalence, topography, histological type in recurrent cases.

280 cases were managed during Jan 2019 to Dec 2021. Out of these 44 were recurrent BCC. In recurrent cases 30 were male and 14 were female. Majority of recurrences about 80% occurred within 3 years of primary excision.

Ocular adenexa is most common anatomical site for recurrent basal cell carcinoma. Histologically also more than 80% cases were having of recurrence. Recurrence after incomplete excision is reported to be 20% with 5-9 years of follow-up. Thus, we suggest that all patients who had undergone BCC surgical excision should be re-examined regularly even if surgical margins were negative on histopathology or tumor was indolent in nature.
Bergmeister papilla: A unilateral case report
Authors: Dubey Gaurav , Pradhan Nitesh , Majumdar Atanu , Pal Shamit , Sharma Amisha , Devi Varsha
Published: June 2023

To described enhanced imaging for visualization of anatomic features and microstructures of Bergmeister papilla within the optic nerve in asymptomatic patient.

Primary measure is to see any change in the morphological characteristic in asymptomatic patient with Bergmeister papillae.

Secondary outcome measures is to see any effect on parameters of OCT in asymptomatic patient with Bergmeister papillae.

Carl Zeiss Cirrus HD 21 Line Raster OCT Model 5000 scanning protocol of the optic nerve and the optic disc cube 200×200 program obtains ONH images through a 3.46-mm diameter circle, and the algorithm automatically detects the circle and positions around the ONH and in the macular region were obtained in the both Eye. Fundus photo performed with Zeiss Fundus visucam 500.

Clinical examination was carried out with Carl Zeiss Cirrus HD 21 Line Raster OCT Model 5000 scanning protocol of the optic nerve and the optic disc cube 200×200 program obtains ONH images through a 3.46-mm diameter circle was obtained in the both eye.

Zeiss Cirrus HD 21 Line Raster OCT showed hyperreflectivity overlying traction on the right optic nerve with normal Foveal Contour while in the left eye (OS) optic nerve and macula were normal. Fundoscopic examination showed in the right eye(OD), a overlying traction was identified in the optic nerve supero-nasal region, while in the left eye(OS), the fundus was normal.

Optical coherence tomography helps in identification of Bergmeister papilla with peripapillary vitreous thickening is beneficial in monitoring vitreo-retinal alterations that may cause future vision impairment.
A case of diabetic retinopathy with blurred vision healed successfully using Yoga Prana Vidya (YPV) healing protocols
Authors: Nanduri Venkata Satyanarayana , Nathani Parul
Published: June 2023

: Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is a consequence of diabetes in patients and causes impairment in vision. Despite advances in science the treatment of DR is challenging. This paper presents a case of diabetic retinopathy treated successfully using Yoga Prana Vidya healing protocols.

: Case study method is used in this study going through patient medical records, YPV healer’s records and patient feedback.

: Within 8 weeks of YPV healing intervention, blurriness in vision fully reduced, normal vision restored, and the patient could work longer on computer without feeling strain. Eye drop usage reduced upon medical advice to just once or twice daily. Also, the patient’s diabetes condition was very stable and under control, and stress levels reduced greatly as a result of sustained YPV practices. A follow up after 10 months revealed that the patient was able to sustain the changes, stable and happy.

: The integrated and holistic system of Yoga Prana Vidya Protocols have enabled the diabetic retinopathy patient to regain normal vision and stable controlled diabetes with lower stress levels. Further research with appropriate methodology and sample is recommended. It will be helpful for frontline health workers to learn and practice YPV protocols to complement their specialties for holistic treatment of patients.
Bilateral retinitis as the initial presentation of subacute sclerosing panencephilitis
Authors: Yadav Mahipal Singh , Jain Anu , Jain Apoorva , Sen Snigdha , Maurya Rajendra Prakash
Published: June 2023

Subacute sclerosing panencephalitis (SSPE) is a ravaging disease of the central nervous system caused by persistent mutant measles virus. The diagnosis of SSPE is based on characteristic clinical and EEG findings and demonstration of elevated antibody titres against measles in cerebrospinal fluid. SSPE may have atypical clinical features at the onset. Herein, we report an atypical case of SSPE in an adolescent with bilateral retinitis as the initial presenting feature. The disease progressed with an appearance of cognitive worsening, myoclonic jerks, periodic high amplitude generalized complexes on EEG, and elevated titers of measles antibodies in cerebrospinal fluid leading to the final diagnosis of SSPE. The case warrants a high degree of suspicion on ophthalmologist’s part to clinch the definitive diagnosis of not so common deadly disease.
Globalization and Inequality in Latin America
Authors: Dix-Carneiro Rafael , Kovak Brian K.
Published: June 2023

We survey the recent literature studying the effects of globalization on inequality in Latin America. Our focus is on research emerging from the late 2000s onward, with an emphasis on empirical work considering new mechanisms, studying new dimensions of inequality, and developing new methodologies to capture the many facets of globalizations relationship to inequality. After summarizing both design-based and quantitative work in this area, we propose directions for future work. Our overarching recommendation is that researchers develop unifying frameworks to help synthesize the results of individual studies that focus on distinct aspects of globalizations relationship to inequality.
Agent-based modeling of the sleep-wake cycle
Authors: Melnikov Alexey
Published: June 2023

This study presents a circadian rhythm model. Specificity of such model is in consideration of the dynamic of two hormones and a neuromediator. Such an approach was taken due to the fact that circadian rhythms dynamics are largely expressed by cyclic quantity alteration of adenosine, cortisole and melatonin throughout the day. External factors effects were explored and their influence was imitated in the model. External factors influence on hormone's dynamic was analysed. Decision making assistance algorithm of external factors usage in correcting quantities of adenosine,cortisole and melatonin, was developed.
Influence of Relationships Between Budget Functions and Business Analytics on Satisfaction with Budget Process
Authors: Bastos Karina Vidal , Soares Thiago Coelho
Published: June 2023

O objetivo desta pesquisa foi identificar qual a influência da relação entre funções do orçamento e business analytics na satisfação com o processo orçamentário. Para o cumprimento dos objetivos deste estudo, utilizou-se como instrumento de coleta de dados, questionários, aplicados a empresas no estado de Santa Catarina, Brasil, direcionados para os contadores e/ou contadores da empresa. Foi aplicada a técnica de modelagem de equações estruturais para análise dos pressupostos da pesquisa, os quais foram suportados. Os resultados apontam a influência positiva da função do planejamento no uso do business analytics durante o processo orçamentário. Constatou-se que o uso do business analytics durante o processo orçamentário está associado positivamente à satisfação com o processo de orçamento.
Utilização dos princípios da Lean Construction em obras de uma empresa tradicional de Goiânia
Authors: Marchiori Raissa Seichi
Published: June 2023

O presente artigo promove um estudo para as construtoras aplicarem inovações tecnológicas na construção civil, utilizando-se os conceitos e princípios da técnica Lean Construction, indicando maneiras de executar uma obra de forma mais rápida, enxuta e econômica otimizando a mão de obra, tempo e materiais, buscando a economia e diminuição de gastos para a empresa. Para início de estudo avaliou-se a ocorrência de estouros orçamentários, comparando o valor orçado com o realmente gasto na execução, em uma empresa tradicional da cidade de Goiânia. Tem-se como objetivo, identificar a utilização dos princípios da técnica Lean Construction nas obras, observando se esta acarreta melhoria, constatando sua viabilidade. Através deste estudo consegue-se verificar a constante aplicação destes princípios em todas as etapas da construção na empresa analisada, buscando uma melhoria contínua.
Impacto da pandemia da COVID-19 nas empresas de materiais de construção civil: estudo de caso em São Luís/MA
Authors: Pimentel Lysla Ravenna Santos
Published: June 2023

A pandemia da COVID-19 afetou drasticamente a economia brasileira, principalmente as empresas de materiais de construção civil pela necessidade de distanciamento social para a não propagação do vírus. Através do desenvolvimento dessa pesquisa pode-se avaliar os impactos da pandemia da COVID-19 nas lojas de materiais de construção civil na cidade de São Luís/MA. Essa avaliação foi feita através da aplicação de um questionário em nove empresas de materiais de construção civil. Os resultados encontrados mostraram que, apesar da recessão na economia nacional, no mercado da construção civil da cidade de São Luís/MA, a pandemia promoveu efeitos positivos, chegando a aumentar o faturamento das empresas de materiais de construção civil, levando a escassez de produtos, principalmente, os hidráulicos, o aço e as peças cerâmicas.
Uma Proposta de Ensino de Estatística em Aulas Remotas na Educação de Jovens e Adultos na Pandemia
Authors: Brasil Lais Santos , Silva Karina Paulino da , Vianna Márcio de Albuquerque
Published: June 2023

Este trabalho aborda uma experiência na Educação de Jovens e Adultos no período da pandemia de Covid-19. Optou-se pelo ensino remoto para a aplicação de uma atividade proposta para o ensino de Estatística e do tratamento de informações. A análise teve como principal objetivo o desenvolvimento de atividades com o uso de tecnologias digitais, através da plataforma Mentimeter. A metodologia utilizada caracteriza-se como uma pesquisa aplicada e exploratória, pois foi desenvolvida em sala de aula e houve um levantamento bibliográfico. A pesquisa justifica-se pela necessidade de inserção de aulas de Matemática de forma crítica em ambiente on-line, que contextualizem conteúdos estatísticos com a realidade em salas de aula do público da EJA (Educação de Jovens e Adultos). Além disso, a pesquisa traz informações sobre como usar plataformas digitais não convencionais em ambientes virtuais de aprendizagem, possibilitando a interação entre alunos e a construção de novos conhecimentos a partir do tratamento da informação e inclusão digital. Como referencial teórico desta pesquisa, foram utilizados documentos como leis e currículos nacionais, a fim de tratar da necessidade da educação matemática crítica nas salas de aula de EJA. Assim, foi possível concluir que o uso de práticas pedagógicas que incluam a tecnologia em atividades voltadas para a Educação de Jovens e Adultos é importante para que haja a participação ampla e crítica dos alunos.
Palavras-chave: Educação a distância. Aulas remotas. Plataforma on-line. Estatística. Educação matemática crítica.
Mediação Pedagógica em Aulas Online no 1º Ano do Ensino Fundamental
Authors: Negrão Manoel Maria Silva , Neuenfeldt Derli Juliano
Published: June 2023

Este estudo apresenta a utilização do aparelho celular como recurso didático-pedagógico na escola. Tem como cenário o contexto da pandemia do coronavírus da COVID-19, ano de 2021, onde professores se desafiaram em aulas online, via aplicativos de mensagens instantâneas, com destaque para o uso do WhatsApp. A partir da utilização do aplicativo, desenvolveram-se práticas pedagógicas com a finalidade de reestabelecer a relação professor-aluno, impossibilitada pelo isolamento social e o fechamento das escolas. Esta pesquisa, de abordagem qualitativa, desenvolvida nesse período, teve por objetivo, investigar como ocorreu a mediação pedagógica nas aulas online desenvolvidas pelo aplicativo WhatsApp. O estudo desenvolveu-se em uma turma do 1º Ano do Ensino Fundamental, de uma escola da rede municipal de Santana, no estado do Amapá. Adotou-se para coleta de informações, junto à professora, a entrevista semiestruturada e a observação sistematizada das aulas remotas, nos meses de agosto e setembro de 2021, via grupo da turma do WhatsApp. Com os alunos, realizou-se uma Roda de Conversa. Nos resultados, constatou-se que o aluno necessita de um acompanhante familiar nas aulas remotas, de forma a auxiliá-lo nas atividades propostas pela professora, visto que, sem isso, os objetivos educacionais ficam comprometidos; além disso, a mediação pedagógica mostrou-se insatisfatória nas práticas docentes no 1º Ano do Ensino Fundamental, dada as condições diversas tanto do professor como dos alunos. Entretanto, conclui-se que há possibilidades para a utilização do WhatsApp no 1º Ano do Ensino Fundamental para favorecer o desenvolvimento de novas estratégias de ensino, contribuindo para o ensino e a expansão da sala de aula. 
Palavras-chave: Ensino. Práticas pedagógicas. Tecnologias digitais. WhatsApp. Mediação pedagógica.