bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Cluster Application with K-Means Algorithm on the Population of Trade and Accommodation Facilities in Indonesia
Authors: Munawar Aang , Gendalasari Gen Gen , Kurniawan I Made Gede Ariestova , Purnomo D , Ependi Nur Haris , Rulinawaty  , Indrawan Muhammad Isa , Sadri Muhammad
Published: June 2021

The aim of this study is to develop a grouping model in order to determine the means of trade and accommodation according to the regions in Indonesia. Research can be a reference for the government to increasing the income of each region in Indonesia equally. Research data were taken from a website that provides government statistical data, namely BPS (Badan Pusat Statistik)-www.bps.go.id The solution is to use data mining techniques with clustering methods. The data test process uses the Rapid Miner software. Three clusters of mapping labels are used, namely the high cluster (K1), the normal cluster (K2) and the low cluster (K3). The results of the rapidminer processing were obtained from the centroid data for high clusters, namely ((1527), (810.4), (5865), (6655.3), (323), (315.1); the medium cluster, namely ((286), (199.591), (1327), (2240.227), (93.227), (140.955)); and the low cluster, namely (139.25), (122.5), (508.833), (919.222), (64.417), (94.444)). The cluster results show that 5 provinces are classified as high in clusters; 13 provinces are classified as medium clusters; and 16 provinces are classified as low clusters. Out of the results of the study, some 47% of areas in Indonesia still have low trade and housing facilities. With this analysis, it is hoped that the government will be able to pay more attention to regions whose revenues are still below average.
Implementation of data mining with Apriori techniques to determine the pattern of purchasing of agricultural equipment (Case Study: XYZ Store)
Authors: Supriyono  , Ferine Kiki Farida , Puspitasari Diana , Rulinawaty  , Timotius Elkana
Published: June 2021

The aim of this research is to take advantage of data mining techniques using the Apriori sales data algorithm for agricultural equipment. This is due to the fact that the high potential agricultural sector in Indonesia has obstacles to the use of technology. Research was conducted in the district of Simalungun in a shop selling agricultural needs. Sales activities in the store continue and generate more and more data. In order to be of use to the resulting data, it is necessary to process these data with a certain algorithm that provides great benefits, in particular by maximizing the sales profits of agricultural products. Apriori Algorithm is one of the methods of data mining, the activities of which include data collection and the use of old data with the aim of finding regularities, patterns or relationships in data collection. The output of the algorithm can help future decision-makers, where one of the advantages is the rearrangement of the product layout, such as the most frequently sold products being assembled so that they are easily visible to consumers and can properly prepare stock items for the store.
Implementation of ML Rough Set in Determining Cases of Timely Graduation of Students
Authors: Kristanto Sepyan Purnama , Bahtiar Reza Syehma , Sembiring Meriksa , Himawan Hidayatulah , Samboteng Lukman , Hariyadi  , Suparya I Ketut
Published: June 2021

The Rough Set method is part of machine learning that analyzes the dataset’s uncertainty used to determine the attributes of important objects (classification). This study aimed to extract information from the rough set method using the Rough Set Exploration System (RSES) application in the case of determining student graduation on time. The attributes used are Student Status (A1), Gender (A2), Grade Point Average (A3) and Graduation Status (A4). Sources of data obtained from the International Journal of Information System & Technology (IJISTECH) paper. The results of the application of the Rough Set method in determining the predictions of students who will graduate on time produce new knowledge, namely the graduation status based on the Grade Point Average. There are 3 Reductions with the 41 Rule. But overall, the attributes that affect the level of determining students who graduate on time are Student status (A) and Grade Point Average (C).
AIC Algorithm for Engaging Commitment
Authors: Khoi Bui Huy , Cuong Dam Tri
Published: June 2021

The paper explores factors affecting the Engaging Commitment of employees. Data used in the study was collected by CJ CGV Vietnam Company Limited in Ho Chi Minh City in 2021 through a survey of 160 employees. The research results of this paper use the optimal choice by the AIC algorithm for Engaging Commitment (ECO) showed that 02 independent variables Promotion opportunity (PO) and Team Work (TW) have a positive impact on Engaging Commitment (ECO). The impact level of these 2 variables on the dependent variable Engaging Commitment (ECO) in descending orders as follows: Team Work (0.4754), Promotion opportunity (0.1231). We also give conclusions for this paper based the research results.
Implementation of Parallel Components of High Dynamic Range Images Algorithm Using FPGA
Authors: Mohammed Ali Salim A. , Al-Kadhimi Aymen M.
Published: June 2021

High Dynamic Range (HDR) images capturing, and reproduction have been an essential area to investigate by researchers, especially after the escalating acceleration in computers processing capabilities and the widespread of digital cameras. In this paper, parallel components of HDR algorithm are employed using field programmable gate array (FPGA) to produce HDR image. The implementation involves different pre-processing stages to separate images, color matrices, and then group the similar colors to perform a series of arithmetic operations. In consequence, the algorithm has inherited parallelism to exploit so that the FPGA provides parallel computational speed. The algorithm is implemented using Simulink and ModelSim-Altera MATLAB software to produce the response curve and HDR color components signals. After preforming the tone mapping, the results show that the HDR image provides much greater details and a truer color.
Implementation of PROMETHEE Method for Potential Suitability of Land Oil Palm Plant
Authors: Triyanto Yudi , Sepriani Yusmaidar , Mustamu Novilda Elizabeth , Siregar Raja Aminuddin , Rambe Bhakti Helvi
Published: June 2021

Palm oil has become the most widely used vegetable oil in the world. The first physical task of the planting area is the preparation of the oil palm plantation field. Oil palm plantations necessitate land suitability research to assess if the land is appropriate and profitable. Crop production more competitive when a future land potential is assessed. Farmers’ lack of understanding of the nature of the field and the varieties of fruit to be planted renders determining their land’s suitability difficult. This study aims to develop a decision-support system for oil palm land suitability based on multicriteria analysis using the Preference Rating Organization Method for Enrichment Assessment (PROMETHEE) method. This method works by performing calculations based on the properties of each criterion. Based on seven metrics, alternative eight was determined to be the best location, with a net flow of 0.2143, accompanied by alternatives 1 and 6. Alternative seven, with a net flow of - 0.1786, was the least suggested.
The Implementation of Inquiry by Using Local Potential to Improve Critical Thinking Skills in Bima
Authors: Agustinasari A , Susilawati E , Yulianci S , Fiqry R , Gunawan G
Published: June 2021

The Inquiry model supports physics learning in schools, especially in high school because it used the scientific method. The purpose of this study was to analyze the improvement of students’ critical thinking skills by implementing inquiry using Bima’s local potential. The Research method was a quasi-experimental with one-group-pretest-posttest control group design. The instruments used learning plan, student worksheets, and evaluation questions. All instruments had been validated by experts and practitioners. Students were invited to conduct physics investigations by understanding the local potential around. Some of Bima’s local potentials that became the topic of this research were making of salt from sea water, the traditional of Bima sarong (Tembe Nggoli), and theTimbucooking process. Through learning raised from everyday life, it was expected to be able to improve students’ critical thinking skills. The results showed an increase in students’ critical thinking skills through inquiry learning using Bima’s local potential. The improvement of students’ critical thinking skills was mostly in the low category, namely 52% (high category), 40% (medium category), and 8% (low category).
Interrater Reliability: Comparison of essay’s tests and scoring rubrics
Authors: Wahyuni Lussy Dwiutami , Gumela Gumgum , Maulana Herdiyan
Published: June 2021

This comparative study aimed to examine the difference of interrater reliability between two different methods of measurement: essay tests and rubrics scoring. Thirty students and thirty science teachers were participated in this study. The interrater reliability was estimated using Fleiss Kappa. While the hypotheses were tested using Mann-Witney U with Exact to increase data validity. The results of this study showed that interrater reliability of restricted response items was higher than context dependent tasks as well as applied to extended response items scored using the analytic rubric and the holistic rubric. While the interrater reliability of extended response items is higher if its compered to background dependent tasks which was scored using the analytic rubric and the holistic rubric.
Development of a Prototype Learning Model for the Hydroponic System based on Arduino Nano
Authors: Ramady Givy Devira , Lestari Ninik Sri , Herawati  , Hidayat Rahmad , Zulkifli Ridwan , Anisah Isni , Dzulkarnaen Rizal , Rakhman Arif
Published: June 2021

Technological developments have brought convenience to human life. Many things can be done today to solve human problems more efficiently without spending a lot of money, time, and energy. One of these technological developments can be found in agriculture. An automatic tool project based on the Arduino nano microcontroller will monitor hydroponic plants, assisted by sensors to detect water level, the temperature around the plant will be detected by a sensor DHT-22, the level of light intensity using the sensor BH1750 water level and room temperature will be displayed on nextion 3.5” as a human-machine interface. The purpose of designing this tool is to realize an automatic hydroponic system with LED light as a substitute for sunlight, a pH sensor to read the acidity level of a solution for plants, a ppm sensor to see the viscosity level of a solution for plants, and several motors to provide nutrition in a proper manner automatic and also to maintain water circulation, here is also provided a human machine interface to see the condition of the plant along with planting media and solutions. Based on the value of the test results, the entire hydroponic system is able to work well, all values that affect hydroponic plants are always in their proper condition. The temperature in this hydroponic environment is continuously monitored by using the DHT-22 sensor which aims to get a temperature that is always as stable as from a temperature range of 27°C to 35°C, the expected pH is in the range of 6.5 to 7.4, and the ppm required for hydroponic plants is ranging from 1050 ppm to 1400 ppm.
The Effectiveness of Livable Housing Program: A Case Study of Pidie District of Aceh Province
Authors: Suheri  , Saidi T , Sugiarto S
Published: June 2021

A livable house construction program was implemented for the poor by the governments of Pidie district and Aceh province to improve the welfare of the people. These programs were, however, observed not to be effective in achieving the targeted objectives. Therefore, this research was conducted to determine the effectiveness of the decent housing assistant program implemented by the government of Aceh province and Pidie district in 2019 and 2020. This involved the application of the effectiveness analysis through four variables of input, output, outcome, and impact using modified Dantes formula with five achievement levels. Findings from this work is related to effectiveness of the livable house construction programs implemented in Pidie Regency were used to draw the following conclusions: (a) The Aceh provincial government program was analyzed using four variables and found to be effective. The input and output variables were recorded to be quite effective while the outcome and impact variables were less effective; (2) the Pidie regency government program was also analyzed using four variables and found to be less while the input was discovered to be quite effective while the output, outcome, and impact were less effective.
Mixed Pressure Control Innovation of Oxygen and Air Pressure in Ventilator with Safety Valve
Authors: Fajrin Hanifah Rahmi , Afifah Silmi Khasna , Wibowo Susilo Ari
Published: June 2021

The medical gas in the ventilator is very influential in maintaining patient survival so that the gas must be sterile, have high purity and have a stable pressure, with a value of no more than 5 bars. To maintain the stability of this pressure, a control device for oxygen and air pressure on the ventilator is designed with a safety valve. Pressure control on this ventilator mixing tube uses an ATMega328P microcontroller to drive the Pneumatic Valve as a safety device. Furthermore, the pressure will be read by the MPX 5700 AP sensor. After that, the results of a pressure reading of 1 to 5 bars are displayed on the seven-segment display. The comparison of the pressure difference between the pressure read by the sensor and displayed on the manometer resulted in the highest error of 4% and the lowest error of 2.37%. Whereas in the relay contact test, the safety valve worked well, and the error value was 3.29%. The difference in error values is considered completely safe to use.
Biosensor Interface Controller for Chronic Kidney Disease Monitoring Using Internet of Things (IoT)
Authors: Maniam Govind , Sampe Jahariah , Hamzah Azrul Azlan , Faseehuddin Mohammad , Noorhidayah
Published: June 2021

This paper describes the simulation done on a low-cost biosensor interface controller for Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) monitoring system using Internet of Things (IoT). Healthcare monitoring systems are devices that keep track of human activities and health conditions using biosensors. The developed monitoring system will aid in chronic disease patients for early detection of prevailing diseases. Early prevention can be done by monitoring the electrocardiogram (ECG). However, ECG signals typically contain contaminants that cause inaccuracy in the ECG signals produced and difficulty in diagnosing the heart’s activity. The objective is to design and simulate a system to perform pre-processing of ECG signals to prevent ECG measurements from signal contamination. Next, to calculate the heart rate using filtered ECG signals and the Pan-Tompkins algorithm. The simulation was done on MATLAB and Simulink by generating pre-recorded ECG signals that will be pre-processed to obtain viable results when compared to a normal ECG cycle wave. The results show that the filtered ECG produced has all the elements of a normal ECG cycle wave with less signal contamination within the range of 0.8 – 1.3mV. The filtered ECG signals were processed for QRS peak detection to obtain the heart rate. Results show that the heart rate displayed was within the range of the pre-recorded heart rate which is 79 – 82 beats per minute (BPM). The QRS peaks detected were also identical to the results from the Pan-Tompkins algorithm.
Communication Module for V2X Applications using Embedded Systems
Authors: Salim A. , Ali Mohammed , Al-Hemairy Emad H.
Published: June 2021

Smart cars are becoming the future of vehicle industry, most newly developed vehicles are equipped with communication modules that transmits and receive data for many purposes including insurance policy requirements, vehicle security, and for safety purposes. Cellular V2X requires all vehicles to have this module to transmit vehicle data and to receive feedback, so that V2X services can be implemented successfully. However, not all vehicles are equipped with such communication modules; therefore, the purpose of this paper is to design a communication module that enables all vehicles that has OBDII (On-Board Diagnostic module) standard to reliably transmit and receive related V2X data using Cellular networks, such as 3G, 4G, etc. through using affordable embedded system.
Crossword puzzle as a learning media during the covid-19 pandemic: HOTS, MOTS or LOTS?
Authors: Ritonga Apri Wardana , Ritonga Mahyudin , Septiana Vini Wela , Mahmud
Published: June 2021

Crossword Puzzle is a learning medium that is easy to use by everyone. Moreover, the era of the Covid-19 pandemic, which created its own challenges for the learning process of Arabic in schools as a driver for foreign language communication for students. Even in the era of the Covid-19 pandemic, learning must remain oriented to the life skills of the 21st century which are famously known as HOTS (Higher Order Thinking Skills). The learning media used must also lead to students’ HOTS skills. On this basis, this study wants to analyze the use of Crossword Puzzle media in learning maharah qira’ah during the Covid-19 pandemic era at SMA Islam Sabilillah Malang Boarding School and classify it in the LOTS, MOTS or HOTS categories. This research uses a qualitative approach with a case study method. Data collection techniques include observation, interviews and documentation with data analysis techniques using Miles & Huberman’s theory, namely reducing, presenting and concluding field data. The results showed that the use of Crossword Puzzle media in learning maharah qira’ah has met HOTS standards with an indication that learning is student-centered, the use of Crossword Puzzles requires student creation and innovation and improves critical and deep thinking skills when doing Crossword Puzzle that matches the qira’ah text being taught. This study recommends other researchers to test the effectiveness of learning Arabic at SMA Islam Sabilillah Malang Boarding School.
Experience in teaching analytical chemistry in a joint English-language educational project of Chinese and Ukrainian universities
Authors: Gryshchenko I M , Jin Liqiang , Derkach T M , Tang Shaoying
Published: June 2021

The paper was aimed to study the problems that may arise when Chinese students learn an analytical chemistry course in English, read by teachers from Ukraine. In particular, the reasons for the possible excessive increase in cognitive load were investigated. The comparative analysis of the existing learning styles was carried out to achieve the goal of the study. For this purpose, the indicators were compared for respondents studying in similar chemical specialities at the Kyiv College of the Qilu University of Technology in China and Kyiv National University of Technologies and Design in Ukraine. Some students from China demonstrate more pronounced reflective, verbal and intuitive learning styles. In contrast, a decisive advantage towards active, visual and sensing styles is characteristic of Ukraine students. The structure of the lecture course was analysed from the viewpoint of e-resources used. The optimal application of different electronic resources for students with varying learning preferences was established based on the results of experiments by the method of dual-task. The difference in educational priorities should be reflected in the various forms and methods used in the teaching of chemical disciplines. Recommendations for the development of appropriate learning resources are given.
Mobile technologies providing educational activity during classes
Authors: Malchenko S L , Tsarynnyk M S , Poliarenko V S , Berezovska-Savchuk N A , Liu S
Published: June 2021

Modern mobile technologies have become widespread in our lives. All of us use them every day. The use of mobile phones in education is a topical issue too. This paper presents the methodological features of the use of mobile technologies in the astronomy’s class. Modern methods offer a lot of techniques and innovative forms of teaching methods in order to improve students’ knowledge. These innovations are aimed to increase using activity-based and person-centered approaches to learning and also, they will help to intensify students’ training activities therefore. The including mobile technology in education process will be engage and productive. We used mobile technologies for the organization of practical tasks from astronomy, as well as the possibility of individualization of education is shown. The such tasks help to increase students’ cognitive activity. It is presented in the article, as an example for astronomy studying, there is example of mobile phone using for the Moon research.
Applying CDIO-approach at technical universities
Authors: Martseva L A , Movchan L H , Vakaliuk T A , Antoniuk D S
Published: June 2021

The article considers the issue of modern engineering training with the use of CDIO-approach (Conceiving, Designing, Implementing, and Operation) aimed to balance the training goals with the practice of teaching at higher technical institutions. Modern pedagogical technologies and innovative teaching methods enable to create such an education medium where the students will obtain profound knowledge, manage the process of designing and exploiting new items and systems, understand the impact of the scientific-technological process on the society. The article also considers various approaches to developing new practice-targeted programs and methods of creating a special education medium. The abilities of students’ engineering thinking are a link between university training and professional activity. Future specialists must not only be able to develop and produce engineering systems, but also combine the knowledge of natural and technical sciences to come up with innovative ideas, have a command of professional ethics and understand the principles of business.
Geomorphological-environmental potentials and their importance in establishing natural reserves in western Iraq using GIS.
Authors: Yasien Al-Gurairy Ahmad S. , Hamza Al-Omary Jameel A.
Published: June 2021

Iraq extends over an area estimated at (438,317 square kilometers), while the desert occupies its western part (Western & Southern Desert) with an area of more than 55% of the country’s area. With the diversity of its topography in the region, as well as its geographical isolation and its containment of important & different environmental patterns, this helped to provide natural habitats for the biodiversity conservation in it. This opens the way for the establishment of natural reserves, which must be in correlation with the area of the country on the one hand, and the international standards that most countries in the world follow, including neighboring Iraq, on the other hand.

Given the large area of the study area, geographic information systems (GIS) have been used to facilitate the study and obtain accurate data that contribute to determining the areas of natural reserves in it. The importance of using these applications also lies in the ease of calculating the precise areas of the natural reserve and determining the extensions that they must be on, and the ground forms and water resources that are important to the sustainability of the reserve. In addition to the possibility of using this data in proposing places to establish some earthen-concrete dams for reserving and storing rainwater and creating lakes, which also have importance using it in re-injecting freshwater into groundwater reservoirs in the region for their continuity, and thus permanence of life in them. Based on that, the study proposed the establishment of 5 large natural reserves, in addition to many small nature reserves, which represent about 25% of the area’s area, with an area of more than 55 thousand km2.

The importance of using these computer technologies also lies in the possibility of linking spatial data on natural reserves with the WEBGIS system. This facilitates the process of accessing the data of that reserves and thus using it in developing the reserves in the rest of Iraq particularly, as well as contributing to the development of nature reserves worldwide in general.
Removal cadmium from Aqueous solutions using nanoparticle chitosan
Authors: Jasim Afrah Raheem , Walli Hazim A.
Published: June 2021

Removal and recuperation of Disc was concentrated from fluid arrangement. The boundaries for expulsion level of Album from watery arrangements were concentrated, for example, contact time, and centralization of Compact disc. The consequences of the current investigation showed that the chitosan nanomaterial has a powerful impact in eliminating cadmium from the arrangements utilized in the current examination. The proposed technique was utilized for the expulsion of Cadmium from faucet water and waterway water gathered from different territories of AL-Dwaniyah city as appeared. Standard expansion strategy was utilized in which 10 mL of the water test was taken, spiked with known measure of Disc, and after adsorption measure, percent evacuation of Cadmium was resolved. It very well may be seen that the expulsion effectiveness of Cadmium from the water tests by chitosan 10,20 and 30 at 2 time 18 and 22 hours is high and can be utilized effectively for the expulsion of Cadmium from genuine water test.
Water pollution Its causes and effects
Authors: Hassan Al-Taai Suaad Hadi
Published: June 2021

The topic of water contamination is one of the significant studies that, because of its great effect on the lives of humans, animals and plants alike, has attracted the attention of researchers and those interested in the environment. It is not less harmful than contamination of the air and soil, but more closely linked to them. The research centered on the study of the notion of pollution in general, then the notion of water pollution and its sources. In addition to groundwater contamination, there have been many pollution processes, the most important of which are biological, physical, and by dumping solid and liquid waste into waters of rivers, lakes and seas.
Modified nano particles method for fluorescent dye removal from aqueous samples
Authors: ALfarhani Bassam F. , Al-Mousawi Riyam R. , Aziz Raghad Shakeer , Shingar Fadha Kareem
Published: June 2021

This work reports the synthesis of iron oxide (Fe3O4) nanocomposites (NCs) such as, Fe3O4/GO using CO-sedimentation method. The synthesized NCs were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD),). Through experiments and measurements, it was found that the compound (Fe3o4-GO) achieved the highest extraction rates of cyclic hydrocarbons from aqueous solutions, with a percentage of pyrene extracting 96% and fluorine 94%. Then the detection limit (LOD) and The quantitative limit (LOQ) of The hydroxy PAHs were determined using room temperature fluorescence spectroscopy technique and it was found (95%Graphene oxide, 85%Tannic acid, 53%(hummic acid). Then The synthesized nanoparticle was used to extract cyclic PAHs from an aqueous solution and The removal percentage were (96% pyrene, 94% fluorene). The results obtained showed the high value of the removal ratio that indicates of the tremendous power of the synthesized nanoparticles on removal of PAH.
Noise Level in Textile Industries: Case Study Al-Hillah Textile Factory-Company for Textile Industries, Al-Hillah-Babylon-Iraq
Authors: Chabuk Ali , Hammood Zahraa Ali , Abed Salwan Ali , Kadhim Majid M.A. , Hashim Khalid , Al-Ansari Nadhir , Laue Jan
Published: June 2021

In this study, Al-Hillah Textile Factory, in Al-Hillah city-Iraq follows to State Company for Textile Industries was selected to study the intensity of noise in 2014. Measurements of the noise level were carried out in different workshops for each of the production stages including the spinning machinery workshop (parts 1 and 2), the rotating machinery room, the preparations room, and the textile machinery room (Roti model), weaving machines: Techmash model room Russian-made model room, Sheets’ machinery room, and operator machines room; using two noise meters (model 2237 Fulfici). Fifty samples were collected in each part of these rooms to give realistic results for the noise level. After recording the noise level data, the highest and lowest values and the average of noise intensity readings were calculated in each of the rooms and compared with the global standards permitted by the EPA for industrial facilities. The results of this study showed that the general rate of noise intensity in all rooms exceeded the permissible limits, which impose a noise level of 65-70dB for such industrial establishments according to EPA recommendations in 2008.
Effect of Adding the Biological Fertilizer, Fulzyme Plus, and Spraying CaC12 on Efficiency of the Rhizoctonia Fungus, and the Qualitative of the Potato (Solanum tuberosum L)
Authors: Almohammedi Omar H.M. , Kokaz Noor Mahmoud
Published: June 2021

A experiment was conducted to study in the spring of 2020 in Anbar – Heet to investigate the effect of adding the biological fertilizer, Fulzyme Plus, and spraying using CaC12 on the qualitative features of the Solanum Tuberosum L cv. of potatoes (Arizona) produced by Nahar Al-Awrad company for Potatoes Trading and Agricultural Equipment. The potato tubers were planted on 31/1/2020. The experiment was designed according to Randomized Complete Block Design (R.C.B.D). They were planted as treatments randomly in three replications. The results showed a significant superiority of the treatment T7 for iron of the product. Also, it showed 17.40 % superiority in the percentage of the dry composition in the tubers, 8.303% protein, 1.0666 g\cm3 qualitative density of the tubers, 11.50% starch, and 5.96.% T.S.S. The pathogenicity test showed the isolating Rhizoctonia fungus presented the lowest percentage, 3.57 of T7 treatment where a fertilizer and spraying were used in comparison with the comparison treatment that showed the highest percentage of pathogenicity (T2 = 29.52) where Rhizoctonia fungus was used.
The effect of salvia officinalis aqueous extract on generation number and time of leishmania tropica
Authors: Ahmed Neama Ali , Yusif Ban
Published: June 2021

The present study examined the toxic effect of aqueous extracts, ethanol and petroleum ether, Salvia Officinalis, on the promastigote of L. tropica parasites growing in Tobies medium with human blood added (15%). The results showed that the aqueous and alcoholic extract and petroleum ether at different concentrations used concentrations (0.05, 0.1, 0.15, 0.2) mg/cm3 clear toxic effect on these parasites through a gradual decrease in their number with an increase in the concentration of each extract for an inverse relationship during growth periods (96, 72, 48, and 24 hours. It also showed that the high concentration of extracts (0.2) mg/cm3 led to an activation of the anterior flagellar growth with rates (80.6, 84.5, 71.9%) of the aqueous extract, ethanol alcohol and petroleum ether respectively. Exposing the frontal flagellum of L. tropica to ICSO concentration of both aqueous, alcoholic and petroleum extract of sage and nettle plants during the 96-hour period led to a decrease in DNA by (49.5, 55.2, 13.6), respectively, and also to RNA by (74.7, 73.9, 23.3).
Assessment of heavy metal concentration of two species of birds in Hor Al-Dalmaj, Southern Iraq
Authors: Kandoh Ahmed Alaa , Abed Salwan Ali , Salim Mudhafat A.
Published: June 2021

The study was carried out on Hor Al-Dalmaj in Al-Diwaniyah Governorate, this study included assessing the concentration of heavy elements (lead, cadmium and copper) in two types of birds. swamphens and moorhen (Gallinula chloropus and Porphyrio alleni). The results of measurement of the concentration of heavy elements are shown, the highest average concentration of elemental Lead. in the bird samples it was 233.8 ppm in Liver samples of Gallinula chloropus during the summer season. For Cadmium concentrations, the highest concentration for bird samples the highest concentration reached 2.316 ppm in the muscles of a bird Porphyrio alleni during the winter season. The concentration of the copper element reached the highest significant concentration in birds reached 37.7 ppm in the muscles Porphyrio alleni during the summer season.
Local Community Perceptions of the KHDTK Mungku Baru Management, Palangka Raya, Central Kalimantan
Authors: Afitah Ise , Purnama Ardiyansyah
Published: June 2021

Mungku Baru Forest Area with Special Purpose (KHDTK) was forest located in the city of Palangka Raya. This KHDTK functions as an area that provides very high economic and ecological value to improve the quality of life of the local community from the economic value of the area as a producing area for fish, resin, rubber latex, and other non-timber forest products. This study aims to determine the local community’s perception of the management activities of the KHDTK Mungku Baru. From the research results, it was known that the level of local community perception were included in the low category with an average score of 18.8. Factors on the number of family members, education, and counseling influence the formation of local community perceptions. The low level of local community perception were generally caused by not being involved in planning activities, the level of education that is still inadequate and the level of local community knowledge of the Mungku Baru KHDTK which is still lacking.
Tiger Barb (Puntiustetrazona) Spawning Using Different Substrates
Authors: Rumondang  , Fansyah Suhardi Indra , Batubara Juliwati P , Laila Khairani
Published: June 2021

Availability of quality and effective tiger barb seeds is highly limited and leads to unfulfilled market demand. This study was conducted from April - May 2018 in the Laboratory of Aquaculture, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Asahan. Result of analysis of variance (ANOVA) shows that Fstatistic≫Ftable (636,097≫0,17), thus H0 is rejected and H1 is accepted, hence treatment of different substrates significantly affected egg number of tiger barb. Similarly, the value of fecundity, hatching rate, and survival rate obtained in this study resulted in Fstatistic≫Ftable (353.676≫0,17) or H0 is rejected and H1 is accepted, hence significant effect on hatching rate was obtained due to substrate treatment and Fstatistic≫Ftable (38,741≫0,17) H0 is rejected and H1 is accepted which reflected significant influence on tiger barb survival by reason of different substrate treatment. Hatching Rate is obtained by calculating the number of eggs hatched by tiger barbs (Puntiustetrazona). The highest hatching rate of tiger barb in this study was observed in treatment of Hydrillasp (88,14%) followed by palm fiber (72,89%) and water hyacinth (72,75%), while the lowest percentage was obtained by treatment of twigs and raffia rope.
Determining symmetry groups ongeometric builds using reflection and rotation tests
Authors: Rangkuti Rizki Kurniawan , Ayu Ramadhana Raden Sri , Ritonga Wahyu Azhar , Romadhon Marpaung Muhammad Fauzi , Munthe Syabrina Rasyid , Watrianthos Ronal
Published: June 2021

This research is motivated by the researcher’s desire to see the folding and rotational symmetry in geometric shapes whether they meet the symmetries for certain aspects and form a group. The method used in testing the symmetry of a group in geometric shapes is by testing reflection and rotation with a combination of linear and abstract algebra using an ordered matrix, where the geometric shapes are traced on each particular aspect until they meet the symmetry. From the results of the method used, it is found that the triangles to the octagon groups are symmetrical through the test of rotation and reflection of the geometric shapes. Thus, it can be concluded that group symmetry occurs up to the order of eight in geometric shapes. Based on the pattern, starting from the pentagon it is not a symmetry group, the hexagon includes the symmetry group, the heptagon is not a symmetry group, the octagon includes a symmetry group, then the nonagon is not a symmetry group and the decagon belongs to the symmetry group
Analysis of The Heavy Metal Content of Pb, Cu and Hg in Leachate at Final Waste Disposal Batu Bola Padangsidimpuan City
Authors: Harahap Fatma Suryani , Syahputra Adi , Ginting Nurmaini , Sah Nasir , Fajri Muharram
Published: June 2021

Safe and proper disposal of waste is an important component in integrated waste management. The method of accumulating garbage in landfills (TPA) can result in a decrease in environmental quality due to air pollution due to solid waste burning, groundwater pollution due to leaching, and an increasing number of disease vectors that can endanger the health of waste collectors and residents. around the landfill. The purpose of this study was to determine the metal content of Lead (Pb), Mercury (Hg) and Copper (Cu) in the leachate of TPA BatuBola. This research method uses descriptive exploratory method by conducting a survey first. Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer is a tool used in this study. Data analysis was carried out by comparing the test result data with the quality standards by Permen LHK P.59 / 2016 and Permen LHK No.5 / 2014. The data shows that the concentration of Hg metal is <0.0004 mg / L. Meanwhile, the threshold set by the government is 0.005 mg / L. The concentration of lead metal (Pb) also shows a value that is below the quality standard threshold, namely <0.003 mg / L, while the set limit is 0.1 mg / L. As well, the measurement of copper metal (Cu) is still below the quality standard threshold, namely <0.006 mg / L, while the limit set by the government is 2.0 mg / L. However, caution must be exercised because if it is accumulated in large quantities it can still be dangerous.
Biogas : Renewable Energy
Authors: Hilda Lelya , Lubis Rosimah , Replita
Published: June 2021

Biogas has several advantages comparing on the use of fossils fuels such as gasoline and natural gas. Biogas can be produced continuously because it grows from the organic raw materials to create a clean and healthy environment and free pollution. Utilization of animal waste as an energy source of biogas will not reduce the amount of organic fertilizer produced, but will produce methane (CH4) as an energy source. The research was done by mixing cow dung, rumen and water with various comparing materials and time to produce the highest biodiesel. The result of research by mixing cow dung (rumen) and water produced the highest biogas in a 1: 2 mixture. From the 3rd day, it has produced biogas but cannot be used because the CO and CO2 contents are very high. The result on the 10th day, it can be already used. The highest biogas production was resulted on 15th – 16th day in which producing 5 liters biogas from 110 kg cow waste with 220 kg water contents. The results are getting smaller but it still produces until the 30th day. The highest result to produce renewable energy was by utilizing without reducing the function of organic fertilizer.
Effect of variations in Composition and Sintering Temprature on Mechanical Properties Ceramic Membrane with Bentonite, Sinabung Volcanic Ash and Carbon Active
Authors: Hasanah Moraida , Sembiring Timbangen , Sebayang Kerista , Humaidi Syahrul , Rahmadsyah  , Fynnisa Z
Published: June 2021

All articles must contain an abstract. The abstract text should be formatted using 10 point Times or Times New Roman and indented 25 mm from the left margin. Leave 10 mm space after the abstract before you begin the main text of your article, starting on the same page as the abstract. The abstract should give readers concise information about the content of the article and indicate the main results obtained and conclusions drawn. The abstract is not part of the text and should be complete in itself; no table numbers, figure numbers, references or displayed mathematical expressions should be included. It should be suitable for direct inclusion in abstracting services and should not normally exceed 200 words in a single paragraph. Since contemporary information-retrieval systems rely heavily on the content of titles and abstracts to identify relevant articles in literature searches, great care should be taken in constructing both.
Water Quality Parameters of Tofu Wastewater: A Review
Authors: Laksono Putro Primadi Gayuh , Hadiyanto H. , Amirudin
Published: June 2021

The tofu industry’s existence is quite potential in recruiting labors, which can improve the economy of the surrounding community. On the other hand, it can also have a negative impact due to the wastewater produced from the tofu making process, which can damage the environment. Water is widely used as material for washing and boiling soybeans; due to the large use of water in making tofu and tempeh, fermented soybeans. The resulting waste is also quite large. This research presents a literature review with primary data on articles, magazines, reports, and theories. The purpose of this research is to provide an overview of the water quality parameters of tofu waste. The liquid waste produced by the tofu-making industry is a thick liquid that is separated from the clumps of tofu, which is called whey. This liquid contains high levels of protein and can quickly break down. This waste is often disposed of directly without prior treatment, resulting in a bad smell and polluting the environment. There are several parameters used to measure water quality, including physical, chemical, and biological properties.
Towards an adaptable quality monitoring process for self-piercing riveting
Authors: Noller Vanessa , Walther Ulrich , Meschut Gerson , Bäck Thomas
Published: June 2021

In the automotive industry self-piercing riveting (SPR) is a standard joining technology, especially for vehicles with a high mix of materials. The applied quality control system and the underlying quality decisions have hardly changed in the recent years. The commonly used combination of process monitoring and rework strategies leads to a large number of false positives and a high amount of manual work. The collected process data is not used comprehensively and misses the potential to improve the SPR process. This article introduces a quality monitoring method for SPR to show a proof of concept by using machine learning to predict faulty joining points. Based on numerous technical and statistical features extracted from the force-displacement curve of SPR, the trained model categorizes the observations in two rivet head height (RHH) classes. An evolutionary algorithm is used for the feature selection and a random forest model for classification. The resulting accuracy scores up to 84.4% and shows the potential of the developed random forest model. The potential application of this approach in the context of serial body-shop production improves the prediction of joining quality and the process availability significantly. This enables the adaptable rework of non-critical joining points depending on the classified RHH.
Joining suitability of cast aluminium for self-piercing riveting
Authors: Neuser M , Kappe F , Busch M , Grydin O , Bobbert M , Schaper M , Meschut G , Hausotte T
Published: June 2021

Due to the increasing importance of reducing CO2 emissions, lightweight construction strategies are highly emphasized in the automotive industry. One of these strategies is lightweight moulding, which is used, for example, in the space frame design. Here, lightweight materials are joined with castings to form a structure that is well adapted to the application of force. Especially for multi-material joints, self-piercing riveting is frequently used as joining technology due to the wide range of joining possibilities and the high load-bearing capacities. However, the susceptibility of cast aluminium alloys to cracking due to the brittle microstructure causes great challenges for mechanical joining by self-piercing riveting. Therefore, this study investigates the suitability of the cast aluminium alloy AlSi9Mn for self-piercing riveting. Various improvement strategies are utilized to increase suitability considering of joining as well as material parameters. An evaluation of the joint and its damage characteristics is provided by metallographic analysis and industrial X-ray computed tomography (XCT). Metallographic analysis is used to determine the quality relevant characteristics of the joint, while XCT provides volumetric and non-destructive testing of the joint for internal cracks.
The influence of coating porosity on friction and wear during hot stamping of AlSi coated ultra-high strength steel
Authors: Venema J , Beentjes P C J
Published: June 2021

Hot stamping is a forming process widely used in the automotive industry. Severe adhesive tool wear occurs in the hot stamping process. Hot friction draw tests are performed to investigate the influence of the coating porosity on friction and wear. No relationship is observed between the amount of coating porosity and friction. The results indicate that higher coating porosity leads to a higher amount of wear. However, the type and distribution of the intermetallics in the coating seems to be a more important factor regarding wear. A coating with very high porosity can have relatively low amount of adhesive tool wear if another distribution of phases is present.
Bending behavior of a hot stamped complex phase steel with tailored properties by local carburization
Authors: Horn A , Merklein M
Published: June 2021

Concerning lightweight design, hot stamping of boron-manganese steels has developed to a state-of-the-art process for manufacturing safety-relevant car body parts in the last two decades. To further improve passenger safety, the idea of components with tailored properties has become even more important. Normally, these process variants aim to bring in so-called soft zones, where a fully martensitic microstructure is prevented to significantly improve ductility. The growing importance of battery electric vehicles and their special requirements call for alternative processes. Especially the battery and its housing are often referred to as a no deformation zone. Concerning this matter, the new process of tailored carburization can be advantageous, since it aims to locally improve strength rather than ductility. Regarding the field of application as a safety-relevant component, the crash behavior is of high interest. In recent years, the three-point bending test has prevailed as a suitable comparative test to estimate crash performance. Within this work, the influence of various carburization parameters on the bending behavior is analyzed. The results reveal that the additional carburization improves punch force at the cost of the bending angle. By analyzing locally carburized samples it is shown, that especially the carburization of the tensile loaded side within the deformation zone is crucial for local strengthening under bending load.
Parameter study on press hardened components with tailored properties
Authors: Nestler M , Schönherr J , Haase R , Albert A , Stoll A , Kräusel V
Published: June 2021

In automotive industry, crash relevant parts are mainly manufactured by press hardening. An innovative process variant aims at producing components with tailored properties. For this purpose, the microstructural transformation is locally influenced to produce areas with lower strength. Hence, the forming tool is locally equipped with heating elements. Due to the non-uniform temperature distribution, the final part geometry results from a complex interaction of localized spring back, shrinkage and microstructure evolution. To achieve high geometric accuracy, a strong focus lies on the implementation of appropriate process parameters. A parameter study is performed in order to identify those process parameters, which mainly influence component distortion of a top hat profile. An automated test setup with a locally heated press hardening tool is used. As a result, the achieved hardness values and the geometric deviations are presented in dependence of the main influencing parameters.