bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Mobile Virtual Reality to Enhance Subjective Well-Being
Authors: Pallavicini Federica , Morganti Luca , Diana Barbara , Realdon Olivia , Zurloni Valentino , Mantovani Fabrizia
Published: June 2017

Focusing on health-care, in the last few decades advanced technologies have become crucial keys in supporting subjective well-being. Among them, Virtual Reality has been proven to be effective for mental health promotion in several research studies. Although the dramatic development in the field of Virtual Reality system, there are still important problems related to the use of this technology. Within this perspective, the growing availability, low-cost and easy-to-use of Mobile Virtual Reality (i.e., the integration of Virtual Reality system on mobile devices such as smartphone and tablet) represents a meaningful opportunity to support mental health interventions. The present chapter will first briefly describe Mobile Virtual Reality. Then, a Mobile Virtual Reality design practice will be presented. Finally, the current application of Mobile Virtual Reality to enhance subjective well-being will be discussed, with the support of concrete examples and research studies-analysis.
Power Consumption in Wireless Access Networks
Authors: Mishra Vinod Kumar , Bisht Pankaja
Published: June 2017

Power consumption of mobile devices is a great concern in the current mobile communication systems. Recent analysis by manufacturers and network operators has shown that current wireless networks are not very energy efficient. Power consumption is directly related to the coverage area of the base station. So in this chapter, we will analyze and compare the total power consumption, power consumption per covered area and ranges of the macrocell, microcell and femtocell base stations for Mobile WiMAX, fixed WiMAX, UMTS, HSPA, LTE for 1x1 SISO systems and mobile WiMAX, HSPA and LTE will be consider for 2x2 MIMO system. The numerical example will be illustrated with help of simulation results. This chapter enables the reader for knowledge of power consumption in existing wireless access networks technology with detailed of current and future trend of research.
Learning With Mobile Devices
Authors: Crompton Helen , Traxler John
Published: June 2017

The concept of learning with small portable computers was developed by Alan Kay in 1972. Since that early conception, scholars, such as Traxler, Sharples, and Soloway are the pioneering scholars who paved the way to a better understanding of the philosophical, pedagogical, and conceptual underpinnings of mobile learning today. In this chapter, an overview is provided to explicate the initial foundations of the emerging field of mobile learning (mlearning). Next, current scientific knowledge is delineated with explicit references to the early scholars. This chapter concludes with a preview of the future research directions in mobile learning.
Mobile Game-Based Learning in STEM Subjects
Authors: Eichler Marcelo Leandro , Perry Gabriela Trindade , Lucchesi Ivana Lima , Melendez Thiago Troina
Published: June 2017

The acronym STEM – Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics has entered the agenda of educational policies. The development of mobile game-based learning has been seen as a new line of research and technological development in the field of educational technology, STEM education and game design. These fields are rather new and intrinsically multidisciplinary, making it even more exciting. There is a growing interest in Mobile Game related research, whether strictly technological or applied in social contexts. In this chapter, we thought a nice way to connect this data and depict the current scenario would be to break the subject into pieces: Game Design; Affection and Play; Mobile Learning; Games for Learning; Science and Mathematics Education; and lastly, summarizing it in the Games for STEM Education section. Our conclusions point to the fact that we are taking the first steps in a digital game development process for teaching mathematics in the school environment and the acceptance of Smartphones as tools that add value to education.
Distributed Methods for Multi-Sink Wireless Sensor Networks Formation
Authors: Carlos-Mancilla Miriam A. , Lopez-Mellado Ernesto , Siller Mario
Published: June 2017

Recent application development in the wireless sensor networks (WSNs) area makes arise problems regarding data aggregation and effective methods to collect data. For addressing these problems, effective procedures are required. A multi-sink sensor network application has been characterized by many-to-many communication, where multiple sources report their data to multiple sinks. This article presents recent techniques for distributed multi-sink environments. The reviewed proposals are classified according to the purpose of the application, such as routing, monitoring of a specific target, data aggregation applications, and others. Finally, we present a discussion on the analysed works.
Information-Centric Networking
Authors: Firdhous Mohamed Fazil Mohamed
Published: June 2017

Information centric networking is an emerging networking paradigm that envisages to solve the shortcomings of the host centric Internet. The usage of Internet has moved away from the initial host centric remote access one to predominantly an information serving one. In the new paradigm, information rather than the host takes the central place in serving the users. Hence the users will search for information and download it from the nearest device holding it. In order to serve the customers better while optimizing the use of network resources, in-network caching is enabled in ICN. In ICN, the intermediate routers will serve as cache repositories in addition to acting as data forwarding devices. There are several ICN architectures proposed in the literature each having its own merits and demerits. This chapter has taken an in depth look at the design principles of ICN along with a future open research areas that need the immediate attention of the researchers.
Artificial Neural Networks and Their Applications in Business
Authors: Bihl Trevor J. , Young II William A. , Weckman Gary R.
Published: June 2017

Despite the natural advantage humans have for recognizing and interpreting patterns, large and complex datasets, as in Big Data, preclude efficient human analysis. Artificial neural networks (ANNs) provide a family of pattern recognition approaches for prediction, clustering and classification applicable to KDD with ANN model complexity ranging from simple (for small problems) highly complex (for large issues). To provide a starting point for readers, this chapter first describes foundational concepts that relate to ANNs. A listing of commonly used ANN methods, heuristics, and criteria for initializing ANNs is then discussed. Common pre- and post- data processing methods for dimensionality reduction and data quality issues are then described. The authors then provide a tutorial example of ANN analysis. Finally, the authors list and describe applications of ANNs to specific business related endeavors for further reading.
The Nature of Research Methodologies
Authors: Tran Ben
Published: June 2017

In the nature of research methodologies, quantitative research and quantitative research data are static through time, compared to qualitative research and qualitative research data. Across the globe, the Internet and mobile technologies are providing unprecedented access to markets and individuals. Such technologies ranges from high-definition video conferencing and instant communication around the world to the ability to reach participants on their mobile devices and access to demographics that are traditionally hard to reach, the Internet is providing technology based research methods like blogs, webinars, virtual intercepts, and virtual reality. The nature of the problem then plays the major role in determining what approaches are suitable. The purpose of this chapter is to cover the three types (trends) of research methodologies: the traditional (quantitative, qualitative), the universal (mixed-methods), and the trends (blogs, webinars, virtual intercepts, and virtual reality).
Scholarly Identity in an Increasingly Open and Digitally Connected World
Authors: Belikov Olga , Kimmons Royce M.
Published: June 2017

Scholarly practices are constantly evolving alongside the technological advances and social factors that support them. Modern advances of participatory technologies influence what it means to be a scholar in our time. This chapter explores emergent forms of technology-influenced scholarship, identifies broad categorizations of these practices (including digital scholarship, social scholarship, open scholarship, public scholarship, and networked participatory scholarship, and discusses common themes and implications within a larger framework of their effect on scholarly identity. Understanding the relationship between emergent forms of scholarship and the technologies with which they co-evolve may enable scholars to participate more meaningfully in the public sphere while still preserving their values and authentic identity.
Using Global Appearance Descriptors to Solve Topological Visual SLAM
Authors: Rojo Lorenzo Fernández , Paya Luis , Amoros Francisco , Reinoso Oscar
Published: June 2017

Nowadays, mobile robots have extended to many different environments, where they have to move autonomously to fulfill an assigned task. With this aim, it is necessary that the robot builds a model of the environment and estimates its position using this model. These two problems are often faced simultaneously. This process is known as SLAM (Simultaneous Localization and Mapping) and is very common since when a robot begins moving in a previously unknown environment it must start generating a model from the scratch while it estimates its position simultaneously. This work is focused on the use of computer vision to solve this problem. The main objective is to develop and test an algorithm to solve the SLAM problem using two sources of information: (a) the global appearance of omnidirectional images captured by a camera mounted on the mobile robot and (b) the robot internal odometry. A hybrid metric-topological approach is proposed to solve the SLAM problem.
Aspects of Various Community Detection Algorithms in Social Network Analysis
Authors: Dillen Nicole Belinda , Chakraborty Aruna
Published: June 2017

One of the most important aspects of social network analysis is community detection, which is used to categorize related individuals in a social network into groups or communities. The approach is quite similar to graph partitioning and, in fact, most detection algorithms rely on concepts from graph theory and sociology. The aim of this chapter is to aid a novice in the field of community detection by providing a wider perspective on some of the different detection algorithms available, including the more recent developments in this field. Five popular algorithms have been studied and explained, and a recent novel approach that was proposed by the authors has also been included. The chapter concludes by highlighting areas suitable for further research, specifically targeting overlapping community detection algorithms.
The NetLab Network
Authors: Dimitrova Dimitrina , Wellman Barry
Published: June 2017

We discuss the NetLab Network – an interdisciplinary network studying the intersection of social networks, communication networks, and computer networks. It has developed since 2000 from an informal network of collaborators into a far flung virtual laboratory with members from across Canada and the United States as well as from Chile, Hungary, Israel, Japan, Norway, Portugal, and the United Kingdom. Connecting them is a shared sensibility of interpreting behavior from a social network perspective rather than seeing the world as composed of bounded groups, tree-like hierarchies, or aggregates of disconnected individuals. NetLab's researchers focus on the interplay between social and technological links, social capital in job searches and business settings, new media and community, internet and personal relations, social media, households, networked organizations, and knowledge transfer. NetLab has had two main achievements: first, its researchers make substantive contributions to the issues they study, and second, they demonstrate that this model of scholarly collaboration works.
Online Prosocial Behaviors
Authors: Wright Michelle F. , Pendergrass William Stanley
Published: June 2017

Prosocial behaviors in the cyber context (i.e., the internet, text messages) can be traced back to when the internet was just a message board, used to share open source software. Following these early investigations of prosocial behaviors, clinicians recognized that the internet might remove barriers to help seeking. Recent investigations have provided support for the internet as a place to seek help among various populations. Prosocial behaviors in the cyber context also have benefits for the givers as well, including health benefits, personal satisfaction, and reputational increases. This chapter draws on multidisciplinary research to review prosocial behaviors in the cyber context.
Using Social Media to Increase the Recruitment of Clinical Research Participants
Authors: Akhtar Saliha
Published: June 2017

Research has shown that clinical research continues to have difficulty recruiting participants. This problem is expected to increase as the number of clinical trials increases and as there continues to be more focus on complex diseases and treatments. Researchers have typically relied on traditional recruitment methods to recruit participants, which revolve around the physicians and their support staff having the primary role to locate and recruit these participants. However, with individuals using online platforms such as social media to retrieve information, this creates an opportunity for research site personnel to use it as a way to relay information on clinical trial opportunities. Studies that have used social media as a way to recruit participants are discussed. Furthermore, pros and cons of social media for recruitment, along with recommendations that future researchers should consider when deciding whether to implement this type of strategy in their clinical trials will be shared. In general, clinical trial recruitment strategies need to shift to an approach that is not only more targeted, but also has a larger reach. By evaluating the success of studies that have used social recruitment strategies so far, it is evident that future researchers can also achieve recruitment success through social media. Moreover, social media could be a promising new avenue for clinical trial recruitment that allows for a more positive experience for both investigative site personnel and potential participants.
The Growing Impact of ICT on Development in Africa
Authors: Kamel Sherif H.
Published: June 2017

Information and communication technology for development has been evolving for almost four decades realizing business and socioeconomic development and growth and capitalizing on channels for information acquisition and knowledge dissemination allowing the creation of an emerging global knowledge-based society with innovative means of communication that can help increase competitiveness for individuals, organizations and societies. ICT tools and applications could be used as an effective platform to minimize the digital divide and promote social inclusion. The transformation process enabled through ICT is affecting different aspects of the economy and is forcing governments to rethink the way they handle their socioeconomic challenges as they move forward in their development paths. This article addresses some of the initiatives in Africa to minimize the intra and inter digital divide, and join actively the global knowledge society by capitalizing on emerging technologies but more importantly by focusing on human capital as the most invaluable element in the technology ecosystem.
New Faces of Digital Divide and How to Bridge It
Authors: Freiman Viktor , Martinovic Dragana , Robichaud Xavier
Published: June 2017

The chapter aims to explore, through the lenses of digital divide, what are challenges to alleviating socio-economic and intellectual limitations for prosperity of each individual. Cutting-edge research is reviewed to discuss in what way new technologies and access to them really help to develop citizens who are able to contribute in creative and democratic ways to society. While much effort has been done, in the past decade, to bridge the digital divide, by resolving access issues and usage issues, the recent studies seem to indicate that the gap at all levels, nation-wide, community-wide, special groups-wide still exists and even deepens, especially regarding digital inclusion and meeting needs of at-risk population. More systematic research and innovative practical solutions are needed to address all the aspects of digital divide: physical, financial cognitive, content and political access; also, we have to consider the technological and social resonances of digital technologies in terms of digital literacy and development of critical thinking.
Secure Software Development of Cyber-Physical and IoT Systems
Authors: Ramachandran Muthu
Published: June 2017

This real-world case study has been used to demonstrate the best practices on business process modelling and component based design for developing cloud services with Build Security In (BSI). BSI techniques, strategies, and processes presented in this article are general systems security principles and are applicable for both a cloud environment and traditional environment (non-cloud environment). The significant contribution of this research is to illustrate the application of the extended system security method known as SysSQUARE to elicit security requirements, identify security threats of data, as well as integrating build-in security techniques by modelling and simulating business processes upfront in the systems development life cycle.
A Study of Contemporary System Performance Testing Framework
Authors: Ng Alex , Chen Shiping
Published: June 2017

Performance testing is one of the vital activities spanning the whole life cycle of software engineering. As a result, there are a considerable number of performance testing products and open source tools available. It has been observed that most of the existing performance testing products and tools are either too expensive and complicated for small projects, or too specific and simple for diverse performance tests. In this chapter, we will present an overview of existing performance test products/tools, provide a summary of some of the contemporary system performance testing frameworks, and capture the key requirements for a general-purpose performance testing framework. Based on our previous works, we propose a system performance testing framework which is suitable for both simple and small, as well as complicated and large-scale performance testing projects. The core of our framework contains an abstraction to facilitate performance testing by separating the application logic from the common performance testing functionality, and a set of general-purpose data model.
Constructing Preservice Teachers' Knowledge of Technology Integration
Authors: Paciga Kathleen A. , Fowler Angela , Quest Mary
Published: June 2017

Technology can be an amazing tool for teachers and teaching, but only when used in developmentally appropriate ways. With nearly 300 new applications being created everyday, it seems like teachers are staring into a technology-filled abyss that grows deeper and wider each minute. Teacher education programs can help preservice teachers be better prepared to consume, create, and collaborate in developmentally appropriate ways with children by: 1) unpacking what developmentally appropriate practice looks, feels, and sounds like; 2) exploring ways experts like writers or musicians authentically utilize technologies in their areas of expertise; 3) providing hands-on experiences with a range of technologies across content areas to build up preservice teachers' levels of comfort just in the technology realm; and 4) requiring preservice teachers to utilize technology in developmentally appropriate ways as they work with children. This chapter provides a theoretical foundation and exemplars-in-practice for each of the aforementioned topics.
Effectiveness of Teacher Training in Using Latest Technologies
Authors: Viswanathan Revathi
Published: June 2017

In this chapter, the author would elaborately discuss the workshop, which she conducted for teachers (who represented various Indian states) and trained them in using the hand-held devices for teaching language skills. Further, she would throw light on the responses given by the participants, which reflected the effectiveness of the program.
Home UbiHealth
Authors: Sarivougioukas John , Vagelatos Aristides , Parsopoulos Konstantinos E. , Lagaris Isaac E.
Published: June 2017

At the third computing era, users interact with many computing devices surrounding or implanted in them, in a natural way, anytime and anywhere implementing the concept of ubiquitous computing. Moreover, the ubiquitous computing implementations provide the advantageous characteristics of awareness and personalization, which are precious in healthcare applications, i.e. the operating computing devices in the patient's environment can be aware about the evolving situations and actively participate in the provision of the medical treatment. In addition, the ubiquitously supported healthcare services can be provided anywhere and at any time allowing specific cases of the hospitalization model to be transferred to the home healthcare model. The adoption of the home healthcare model in a ubiquitous computing environment provides the prerequisites for the development of the Home UbiHealth model. Extending the formal provision of medical services at home provides the capability to cover the medical needs of all the population categories.
The Role of U-FADE in Selecting Persuasive System Features
Authors: Wiafe Isaac
Published: June 2017

Although persuasive technology continues to impact behavioural and attitudinal interventions, research has demonstrated that existing design approaches are faced with limitations that impede their effective usage. Mostly, they become obsolete, as user needs change during the use of the persuasive application. This research therefore proposes the Unified Framework for Analysing, Designing and Evaluating of persuasive systems (U-FADE). The proposed framework integrates concepts from various existing models to provide a systematic approach that facilitates persuasive design. It addresses the issue of changing needs of users by considering external and internal activities that may promote or impede persuasion before and during implementation.
Need for Rethinking Modern Urban Planning Strategies Through Integration of ICTs
Authors: Basu Rounaq , Jana Arnab
Published: June 2017

Recent progresses in ICTs have paved the way for innovative services, and interactive models and tools. Citizen participation and open innovation have become essential tools for urban planners. These concepts can be implemented through the crowdsourcing model, which is a people-centric approach to solve societal problems using Web 2.0 technologies. This has led to the collection and sharing of geocoded data through GIS. The large amount of data required is one of the drawbacks of GIS. However, collecting such data within short durations at minimum cost has now become possible through development of web-based surveys coupled with use of DBMS. The effectiveness and importance of these three tools (Crowdsourcing, GIS, and DBMS) in modern and future urban planning strategies cannot be undermined. In conclusion, the authors argue that integration of urban policies, modern technologies and fundamental concepts of engineering will lead to discovery of new solutions to important age-old urban problems.
Teacher Presence
Authors: Crawford Caroline M.
Published: June 2017

Teacher presence refers to the fully engaged instructional facilitator within a learning environment. Within this specific discussion of teacher presence, the focus is upon distributed learning environments that includes not only online learning environments but also mobile learning engagement efforts. Teacher presence engages not merely an instructional design and evaluative assessment effort, but integrally engages the learners within the instructional environment through discourse, reflective practices and supporting the motivational needs of the learner. Further, teacher presence directly impacts the motivational and cognitive support needs of learners, through instructionally appropriate actions of the instructor as a facilitative guide, as a self-regulatory maven, within a cognitive load support system, as well as mentor-focused instructional efforts.
Anger and Internet in Japan
Authors: Endo Hiroko , Fuji Kei
Published: June 2017

People's anger has also given rise to controversy on the internet in Japan and is often linked with the issue of “flaming”. Thus, this chapter focuses on the expression and sharing of anger on the internet in Japan by providing examples. It also covers the results of large-scale studies that have been conducted in recent years and analyzes the traits of those who participate in flaming. We will cover the problems of expression of anger on the internet in terms of “Social sharing of emotion (Rimé, 2007)”. Through these arguments we will list the results of studies done in Japan that ask what should be done to control anger. In addition, we will also discuss what we should be focusing on when expressing emotions of anger and our experiences on the internet.
An Unconditionally Stable and High-Order Convergent Difference Scheme for Stokes’ First Problem for a Heated Generalized Second Grade Fluid with Fractional Derivative
Authors: Ji Cuicui , Sun Zhizhong
Published: June 2017

This article is intended to fill in the blank of the numerical schemes with second-order convergence accuracy in time for nonlinear Stokes’ first problem for a heated generalized second grade fluid with fractional derivative. A linearized difference scheme is proposed. The time fractional-order derivative is discretized by second-order shifted and weighted Gr¨unwald-Letnikov difference operator. The convergence accuracy in space is improved by performing the average operator. The presented numerical method is unconditionally stable with the global convergence order of in maximum norm, where τ and h are the step sizes in time and space, respectively. Finally, numerical examples are carried out to verify the theoretical results, showing that our scheme is efficient indeed.
A Full Multigrid Method for Distributed Control Problems Constrained by Stokes Equations
Authors: Butt M. M. , Yuan Y.
Published: June 2017

A full multigrid method with coarsening by a factor-of-three to distributed control problems constrained by Stokes equations is presented. An optimal control problem with cost functional of velocity and/or pressure tracking-type is considered with Dirichlet boundary conditions. The optimality system that results from a Lagrange multiplier framework, form a linear system connecting the state, adjoint, and control variables. We investigate multigrid methods with finite difference discretization on staggered grids. A coarsening by a factor-of-three is used on staggered grids that results nested hierarchy of staggered grids and simplified the inter-grid transfer operators. A distributive-Gauss-Seidel smoothing scheme is employed to update the state- and adjoint-variables and a gradient update step is used to update the control variables. Numerical experiments are presented to demonstrate the effectiveness and efficiency of the proposed multigrid framework to tracking-type optimal control problems.
Clasificación de usos del suelo a partir de imágenes Sentinel-2
Authors: Borràs J. , Delegido J. , Pezzola A. , Pereira M. , Morassi G. , Camps-Valls G.
Published: June 2017

Sentinel-2 (S2), a new ESA satellite for Earth observation, accounts with 13 bands which provide high-quality radiometric images with an excellent spatial resolution (10 and 20 m) ideal for classification purposes. In this paper, two objectives have been addressed: to determine the best classification method for S2, and to quantify its improvement with respect to the SPOT operational mission. To do so, four classifiers (LDA, RF, Decision Trees, K-NN) have been selected and applied to two different agricultural areas located in Valencia (Spain) and Buenos Aires (Argentina). All classifiers were tested using, on the one hand, all the S2 bands and, on the other hand, only selecting those bands from S2 closer to the four bands from SPOT. In all the cases, between 10%-50% of samples were used to train the classifier while remaining the rest for validation. As a result, a land use map was generated from the best classifier, according to the Kappa index, providing scientifically relevant information such as the area of each land use class.
Estimación de variables biofísicas del pastizal en un ecosistema de dehesa a partir de espectro-radiometría de campo e imágenes hiperespectrales aeroportadas
Authors: Melendo-Vega J. R. , Martín M. P. , Vilar del Hoyo L. , Pacheco-Labrador J. , Echavarría P. , Martínez-Vega J.
Published: June 2017

The aim of this paper is the estimation of biophysical vegetation parameters from its optical properties. The variables Fuel Moisture Content (FMC), Canopy Water Content (CWC), Leaf Area Index (LAI), dry matter (Cm) and AboveGround Biomass (AGB) were estimated in the laboratory from vegetation samples collected simultaneously with the acquisition of spectral data from the Compact Airborne Spectrographic Imager (CASI) sensor and the field spectroradiometer ASD FieldSpec® 3. Spectral vegetation indices found in the literature were computed from hyperspectral data. Their linear relationships with the biophysical variables measured in the field were analysed. Results show consistent relationships between analysed biophysical parameters and spectral indices, mainly those using SWIR and red-egde bands which reveal the importance of these spectral regions for the estimation of biophysical variables in herbaceous covers. Determination coefficients (R2) above 0.91 and RRMSE of 21.4% have been obtained for the spectral indexes calculated whit ASD data, and 0.91 R2 and RRMSE of 15.5% for the spectral indexes calculated whit CASI data.
POOPERACINIO SKAUSMO VALDYMO INTRAVENINIAIS
LORNOKSIKAMU IR ACETAMINOFENU PALYGINIMAS PO
RADIKALIŲ PROSTATEKTOMIJŲ
Authors: Lindžiūtė Ugnė , Zlatkutė Eglė , Urbonas Tadas , Bukauskas Tomas , Simonaitis Donatas , Macas Andrius
Published: June 2017

Nesteroidiniai vaistai nuo uždegimo yra skirti įvairaus
tipo ir lokalizacijos skausmui malšinti. Gera
pooperacinio skausmo kontrolė yra svarbi norint išvengti
skausmo potencijuojamo paciento būklės pablogėjimo,
pvz., tachikardijos, hipertenzijos, miokardo
išemijos, alveolių ventiliacijos sumažėjimo,
prasto žaizdų gijimo. Šiame tyrime lyginsime acetaminofeno
ir lornoksikamo efektyvumą pooperaciniam
skausmui malšinti.
Darbo tikslas: įvertinti lornoksikamo analgezijos
efektyvumo jėgą pooperaciniu laikotarpiu pacientams
po radikalių prostatektomijų.
Metodai. Įtraukti 35 pacientai, gydyti 2015-2016
metais LSMUL KK Urologijos skyriuje, kuriems
atlikta radikali prostatektomija. Gavus raštišką sutikimą,
atsitiktiniu būdu pacientams operacijos pabaigoje
sušvirkščiami intraveninio lornoksikamo 8 mg
arba acetaminofeno 1000mg. Pilvo skausmas vertinamas
prieš operaciją, po operacijos praėjus 3, 6,
12 ir 24 valandoms.
Rezultatai. Prieš operaciją pilvo skausmą lornoksikamo
(L) grupėje jautė 1 (6,25 proc.) pacientas, o
acetaminofeno (A) grupėje 1 (5,26 proc.) pacientas
jautė rankos skausmą. Po operacijos praėjus 3 valandoms
A grupėje 9 (47,37 proc.) pacientai skundėsi
vidutinio stiprumo skausmu ir 3 (15,79 proc.) – stipriu
skausmu. L grupėje po operacijos praėjus 3 valandoms
3 (18,75 proc.) pacientai jautė stiprų skausmą.
Tarp A ir L vaistų po operacijos praėjus 3, 6, 12
ir 24 val. statistiškai reikšmingo skirtumo nebuvo
(p=0,329; p=0,917; p=0,4; p=0,903, atitinkamai). Išvados. Intraveninis lornoksikamas ir acetaminofenas
efektyviai malšina skausmą po radikalių prostatektomijų.
Lornoksikamas i/v nuo skausmo toks pat
efektyvus kaip paracetamolis i/v pacientams po radikalių
prostatektomijų. Intraveninis lornoksikamas
ir paracetamolis yra tinkami vartoti vidutinio stiprumo
ir stipriam skausmui malšinti ankstyvuoju pooperaciniu
laikotarpiu.
PIKTYBINIAI ODOS NAVIKAI RECIPIENTAMS PO ORGANŲ TRANSPLANTACIJOS
Authors: Kievišienė Lina , Kievišas Mantas , Vaitiekūnas Egidijus , Vaičiūnienė Rūta , Kontautienė Silvija , Valiukevičienė Skaidra
Published: June 2017

Ilgalaikis gydymas imunosupresiniais vaistais yra susijęs su piktybinių navikų išsivystymu, iš kurių dažniausi yra odos navikai. Odos karcinomų dažnis recipientams po organų transplantacijos yra didesnis nei bendrojoje populiacijoje. Nemelanocitiniai odos navikai (plokščiųjų ląstelių karcinoma ir bazinių (pamatinių) ląstelių karcinoma) sudaro daugiau nei 90 proc. odos karcinomų, diagnozuojamų šiems pacientams. Ilgą laiką gydomiems imunosupresiniais vaistais taip pat dažniau vystosi ir kiti piktybiniai odos navikai: melanoma, Kapoši sarkoma, Merkelio ląstelių karcinoma, rečiau – odos T ir B ląstelių limfomos. Pastaruoju metu ilgėjant organų recipientų išgyvenamumui, didėja jų sergamumas ir mirštamumas nuo odos karcinomų. Nepaisant to, vis dar trūksta informacijos apie tinkamą šių pacientų stebėjimą ir gydymą. Šiame straipsnyje apžvelgiama piktybinių odos navikų organų recipientams epidemiologija, rizikos veiksniai, profilaktikos ir gydymo principai.
ŪMINĖ PLAUČIŲ ARTERIJOS TROMBINĖ EMBOLIJA: WELLS IR MODIFIKUOTOS GENEVA SKALIŲ BEI D-DIMERŲ KONCENTRACIJOS PROGNOSTINĖS VERTĖS SENYVO AMŽIAUS PACIENTAMS
Authors: Daškevičiūtė Aurelija , Navickaitė Aurelija , Šerpytis Rokas , Šerpytis Pranas
Published: June 2017

Įvadas: nėra būdingų klinikinių simptomų, fizinio ištyrimo ir laboratorinių tyrimų duomenų, kurie patikimai atmestų plaučių arterijos trombinę emboliją. Klinikinį ligonio, kuriam įtariama PATE, įvertinimą gali palengvinti klinikinės PATE tikimybės skalės. Tikslas: nustatyti ūminės plaučių arterijos trombinės embolijos (PATE) D-dimerų koncentracijos, Wells ir modifikuotos Geneva skalių bei jų kombinacijų su D-dimerų koncentracija prognostines vertes senyvo amžiaus (≥ 65 m.) pacientams. Metodika: retrospektyviai analizuotos 2013 m. – 2014 m. laikotarpiu Vilniaus universiteto ligoninės Santaros klinikų priėmimo skyriuje dėl įtariamos ūminės PATE hospitalizuotų pacientų ligos istorijos. Rinkti demografiniai, anamnezės, apžiūros, laboratoriniai ir KT angiografijos duomenys. Remiantis klinikine išraiška, apskaičiuotos Wells ir modifikuotos Geneva skalių teigiamos prognostinės vertės bei kiekvienos iš jų kombinacijos su D-dimerų koncentracija neigiamos prognostinės vertės < 65 m. ir ≥ 65 m. amžiaus pacientams. Duomenys apdoroti Microsoft Excel, SPSS V.22, MedCalc 11.5.0 programomis. Pasirinktas reikšmingumo lygmuo p < 0,05. Rezultatai: tyrimo imtis 516 pacientų: ≥ 65 m. amžiaus grupę sudarė 330 (61,4 proc.), < 65 m. amžiaus grupę – 186 (38,6 proc.) pacientai. KT angiografijos metu ūmi PATE patvirtinta 150 (45,5 proc.) ≥ 65 m. amžiaus ir 69 (37 proc.) < 65 m. amžiaus pacientams. ≥ 65 m. grupėje Wells skalės teigiama prognostinė vertė 74,3 proc. (95% CI: 65,06 – 82,20), modifikuotos Geneva skalės – 49,6 proc. (95% CI: 43,49 – 55,77), p < 0,001. < 65 m. amžiaus grupėje – 66,1 proc. (95% CI: 52,99 77,67) ir 50,5 proc. (95% CI: 40,36 – 60,60), p < 0,001. Neigiama prognostinė D-dimerų vertė ≥ 65 m. grupėje 96,30 proc. (95% CI: 81,03 – 99,91), < 65 m. grupėje 95,74 proc. (95% CI: 85,46 – 99,48). D-dimerų ir Wells bei D-dimerų ir modifikuotos Geneva testų kombinacijos neigiama prognostinė vertė ≥ 65 m. grupėje: 100,00 proc. (95% CI: 84,56 – 100,00) ir 100,00 proc. (95% CI: 59,04 – 100,00); < 65 m. amžiaus grupėje 100,00 proc. (95% CI: 91,40 – 100,00) ir 100,00 proc. (95% CI: 89,11 – 100,00). Išvados: Wells skalės teigiama prognostinė vertė aukštesnė nei modifikuotos Geneva skalės teigiama prognostinė vertė. Atmetant PATE diagnozę D-dimerų ir Wells bei D-dimerų ir modifikuotos Geneva skalių kombinacijos neigiama prognostinė vertė aukštesnė nei vien D-dimerų koncentracijos neigiama prognostinė vertė.
NEUROMARKERIŲ S100B IR NSE REIKŠMĖ VERTINANT PACIENTŲ,
PATYRUSIŲ GALVOS SMEGENŲ TRAUMĄ,
MIRTINGUMO IR BAIGČIŲ PROGNOZĘ
Authors: Vilkė Alina , Traškaitė Vilma , Bilskienė Diana , Jarutienė Indrė , Skaraitė Vaiva , Vilcinis Rimantas , Tamašauskas Arimantas , Macas Andrius
Published: June 2017

Įvadas. Galvos smegenų trauma (GST) ‒ tai heterogeninė
patologinė būklė, pasireiškianti plačiu klinikinių
simptomų spektru. Pacientų, patyrusių GST,
prognozės vertinimas tampa neatsiejama klinikinės
priežiūros dalimi, dėl didelės tokių pacientų baigčių
įvairovės. Klinikinėje praktikoje žinomi keli
smegenims specifiški biocheminiai žymenys, tačiau
daugiausia naudojami ir ištirti žymenys S100B
baltymas ir NSE (neuronų specifinė enolazė), kurie
ir pasirinkti nustatyti pacientų, patyrusių GST, mirtingumo
ir baigčių prognozę. Pagrindinis šio tyrimo
tikslas buvo įvertinti žymenų S100B ir NSE prognostines
galimybes, vertinant mirtingumą ir ilgalaikį
išgyvenamumą pacientams po GST.
Metodika. Prospektyvinis stebėjimo tyrimas atliktas
Lietuvos sveikatos mokslų universiteto ligoninėje
Kauno klinikose, Anesteziologijos klinikoje, tiriant
Neurochirurgijos klinikos pacientus, kurie pateko į
ligoninę dėl galvos smegenų traumos nuo 2013 iki
2017 metų. Tiriamųjų grupę sudarė 183 suaugę pacientai,
kuriems reikėjo atlikti skubią operaciją dėl
GST. Neuromarkerių ištyrimui pacientų kraujo mėginiai
buvo imami keturis kartus: iš karto pacientui
patekus į ligoninę (N1), po stacionarizavimo praėjus
24 val. (N2), 48 val. (N3) ir 72 val. (N4). Visos
p reikšmės < 0,05 laikomos statistiškai reikšmingomis.
Rezultatai. Kiekvieno tiriamosios grupės paciento kraujo mėginiuose buvo matuojamos ir lyginamos
tarpusavyje abiejų neuromarkerių S100B baltymo ir
NSE vidutinės koncentracijos. Taip pat abiejų neuromarkerių
koncentracijos visuose keturiuose kraujo
mėginiuose buvo lyginamos tarp išgyvenusiųjų
po GST ir mirusiųjų ligoninėje pacientų. Išmatavus
neuromarkerių NSE ir S100B koncentracijas N3
(praėjus 48 val. po stacionarizavimo) ir N4 (praėjus
72 val. po stacionarizavimo) gauti statistiškai reikšmingi
abiejų neuromarkerių skirtumai, o N2 (praėjus
24 val. po stacionarizavimo) mėginiuose statistiškai
reikšmingas skirtumas gautas tik S100B.
Abiejų neuromarkerių koncentracijos visuose keturiuose
mėginiuose statistiškai reikšmingai skyrėsi
tarp išgyvenusiųjų ir tiriamųjų, kurie mirė, grupėse.
ROC kreivės analizė buvo naudojama išskirti tam
tikras neuromarkerių koncentracijos ribas kiekvieno
matavimo atveju. Neuromarkerių koncentracijos
buvo lyginamos tarp mirusiųjų ligoninėje ir išgyvenusiųjų
po GST pacientų.
Išvada. S100B ir NSE žymenys yra patikimi ilgalaikio
išgyvenamumo prognostiniai veiksniai pacientams,
patyrusiems GST, nors žymuo S100B yra
patikimesnis vertinant pacientų mirtingumo ligoninėje
prognozę.
Poesia e prosa porosas: um manifesto de Alberto Pucheu em favor da criação
Authors: Monteiro André , Neto Edmon
Published: June 2017

O presente trabalho faz uma leitura da obra de Alberto Pucheu, trazendo à luz a discussão sobre o fazer poético e crítico, vistos como uma atitude primordialmente criadora. Para o autor, existe uma indistinção entre poesia e crítica, que são saberes que se encontram em um “desguarnecimento de fronteiras”, cujo encontro se dá no interior da própria criação. Nessa perspectiva híbrida, buscar-se-á compreender a maneira pela qual ocorre a fusão entre esses campos, privilegiando o pensamento de pós-estruturalistas, como Roland Barthes, Gilles Deleuze e Giorgio Agamben.
Reflexões comunitárias e administração das diferenças
Authors: Abdala Júnior Benjamin
Published: June 2017

O presente artigo faz uma análise da ascensão do comunitarismo cultural, tal como ele se coloca supranacionalmente diante da repactualização política internacional originária do crack financeiro de 2008. A partir do lócus enunciativo, colocam-se dois enlaces principais, do ponto de vista literário e cultural, para os países de língua portuguesa e ibero-americanos. Tais formulações não restringem políticas de cooperação e de solidariedade, pois que, de acordo com o autor, o mundo configura-se cada vez mais como de fronteiras múltiplas e identidades plurais. O texto, a partir dessas configurações, centra-se no comunitarismo cultural dos países de língua portuguesa, oriundo do hibridismo cultural das várias margens da Bacia Cultural Mediterrânica. Levanta ainda questões de ordem política no sentido de problematizar a atual assimetria dos fluxos culturais e as estratégias de administração da diferença para a preservação de hegemonias estabelecidas.
Helicopter EMS and rapid transport for ST-elevation myocardial infarction: The HEARTS study
Authors: Pathan Sameer A. , Soulek Jason , Qureshi Isma , Werman Howard , Reimer Andrew , Brunko Michael W. , Alinier Guillaume , Irfan Furqan B. , Thomas Stephen H.
Published: June 2017

Background:Helicopter emergency medical services (HEMS) and ground EMS (GEMS) are both integral parts of out-of-hospital transport systems for patients with ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) undergoing emergency transport for primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PPCI). There are firm data linking time savings for PPCI transports with improved outcome. A previous pilot analysis generated preliminary estimates for potential HEMS-associated time savings for PPCI transports.Methods:This non-interventional multicenter study conducted over the period 2012–2014 at six centers in the USA and in the State of Qatar assessed a consecutive series of HEMS transports for PPCI; at one center consecutive GEMS transports of at least 15 miles were also assessed if they came from sites that also used HEMS (dual-mode referring hospitals). The study assessed time from ground or air EMS dispatch to transport a patient to a cardiac center, through to the time of patient arrival at the receiving cardiac unit, to determine proportions of patients arriving within accepted 90- and 120-minute time windows for PPCI. Actual times were compared to “route-mapping” GEMS times generated using geographical information software. HEMS' potential time savings were calculated using program-specific aircraft characteristics, and the potential time savings for HEMS was translated into estimated mortality benefit.Results:The study included 257 HEMS and 27 GEMS cases. HEMS cases had a high rate of overall transport time (from dispatch to receiving cardiac unit arrival) that fell within the predefined windows of 90 minutes (67.7% of HEMS cases) and 120 minutes (91.1% of HEMS cases). As compared to the calculated GEMS times, HEMS was estimated to accrue a median time saving of 32 minutes (interquartile range, 17–46). The number needed to transport for HEMS to get one additional case to PPCI within 90 minutes was 3. In the varied contexts of this multicenter study, the number of lives saved by HEMS, solely through time savings, was calculated as 1.34 per 100 HEMS PPCI transports.Conclusions:In this multicenter study, HEMS PPCI transport was found to be appropriate as defined by meeting predefined time windows. The overall estimate for lives saved through time savings alone was consistent with previous pilot data and was also generally consistent with favorable cost-effectiveness. Further research is necessary to confirm these findings, but judicious HEMS deployment for PPCI transports is justified by these data.
Contexto de la Educación en Honduras
Authors: Raudales García Nelson Roberto
Published: June 2017

La educación constituye el medio para lograr el desarrollo de vida de la población, la que permite migrar socialmente de un estadio a otro. Asimismo la adquisición de mejores niveles educativos contribuye al desarrollo comunitario, al poner en éste la transferencia de conocimientos aplicativos con el fin de lograr trascender a nivel regional y nacional y por ende al mejoramiento a nivel global de la economía del país.Sin embargo, a pesar de existir grandes avances en cuanto la aplicación de políticas educativas para el mejoramiento de los niveles escolásticos de la población, aún persisten indicadores muy bajos, para el año 2010 se observa un analfabetismo alrededor del 15%, además a nivel rural dicha tasa oscila en un 22% mientras que en el área urbana apenas llega al 8% aproximadamente. Cuando se desagrega dicho indicador por edades es preocupante describir que hasta los 24 años de edad dicha tasa llega al 10% (INE, 2010). Cuando se observan y describen las tasas de asistencia escolar a nivel longitudinal, es preocupante considerar que a partir de la década del 1990 hasta 2010 dichas tasas siguen siendo aun bajas para el periodo en mención.
Marco Contextual Demográfico de la Educación Superior en Honduras
Authors: Flores Fonseca Manuel Antonio
Published: June 2017

Este trabajo tiene por objetivo brindar un panorama general del comportamiento de la dinámica demográfica, tanto al pasado, presente y el futuro. Describe los cambios generales de la población enmarcados en la teoría de la transición demográfica y su impacto en la estructura por edades de la población, lo que llevará a cambios espectaculares que se magnifican en el umbral del bono demográfico. Este fenómeno es un elemento de vital importancia que se convierte en la contribución de la demografía a la economía. En los próximos años provocará un aumento en el flujo de personas en edad de trabajar como nunca en la historia del país y al mismo tiempo que hará que las tasas de dependencia demográfica desciendan a valores muy bajos, y aprovechando esa situación con acciones anticipadas de política pública, se pueden producir beneficios económicos.Qué decir de los cambios demográficos que también se producen en grupos especiales, tanto de la salud y la educación, que llevará a cambiar el flujo de recursos financieros a grupos prioritarios, que no necesariamente son los mismos que se priorizan actualmente. Dentro de los grupos especiales en educación, está la población en edad de educación terciaria que alcanzará números efectivos teóricos elevados en las próximas décadas que demandarán los servicios de educación.
La investigación de las Ciencias Económicas, Administrativas y Contables en la Educación Superior de Honduras
Authors: Flores Fonseca Manuel Antonio
Published: June 2017

La investigación de la educación superior en el país está concentrada en las instituciones públicas. La Universidad Nacional Autónoma de Honduras (UNAH), pública, de mayor data y presencia nacional, cuenta con 6 institutos de investigación (económicas, jurídicas, ciencias de la tierra, microbiología, paz y democracia, derechos humanos), 86 investigadores y 14 unidades de investigación. La Universidad Pedagógica Nacional Francisco Morazán (UPNFM) cuenta con un Instituto de Investigación y Evaluación Educativa. Otras instituciones públicas como la Universidad Nacional de Agricultura (UNA) y la Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Forestales (ESNACIFOR) han fomentado la investigación agrícola y forestal respectivamente. En los centros privados, la Universidad El Zamorano, ha desarrollado una vasta carrera investigativa en el campo agrícola. En el ranking iberoamericano de la actividad investigadora solo 7 de 20 Instituciones de Educación Superior hondureña aparecen.El objetivo de este trabajo es presentar el estado de la investigación de las ciencias económicas, administrativas y contables en las instituciones de educación superior del país. Detallar la oferta de centros, las líneas o programas, proyectos, investigadores, publicaciones a través de libros, manuales y documentos, artículos científicos en revistas indexadas, la enseñanza de la investigación en los pensum de los grados académicos, programas o proyectos de investigación vinculados con la empresa y gobierno. La metodología de este trabajo incluye una revisión bibliográfica documental de información de la educación superior, específicamente de la relativa a las ciencias económicas, administrativas y contables. Una recopilación y revisión de información de las líneas y proyectos de investigación, publicaciones, investigadores, programas de estudio, proyectos de vinculación en las facultades, escuelas e institutos del área específica.