bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Updated Surveillance Metrics and History of the COVID-19 Pandemic (2020-2023) in Sub-Saharan Africa: Longitudinal Trend Analysis
Authors: Lundberg Alexander L , Soetikno Alan G , Wu Scott A , Ozer Egon A , Welch Sarah B , Mason Maryann , Murphy Robert L , Hawkins Claudia , Liu Yingxuan , Moss Charles B , Havey Robert J , Achenbach Chad J , Post Lori A
Published: June 2024

Background

This study updates the initial COVID-19 pandemic surveillance in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) from 2020 by providing 2 additional years of data for the region.

Objective

First, we aimed to measure whether there was an expansion or contraction in the pandemic in SSA when the World Health Organization (WHO) declared an end to the public health emergency for the COVID-19 pandemic on May 5, 2023. Second, we used dynamic and genomic surveillance methods to describe the history of the pandemic in the region and situate the window of the WHO declaration within the broader history. Third, we aimed to provide historical context for the course of the pandemic in SSA.

Methods

In addition to updates of traditional surveillance data and dynamic panel estimates from the original study by Post et al (2021), this study used data on sequenced SARS-CoV-2 variants from the Global Initiative on Sharing All Influenza Data (GISAID) to identify the appearance and duration of variants of concern. We used Nextclade nomenclature to collect clade designations from sequences and used Pangolin nomenclature for lineage designations of SARS-CoV-2. Finally, we conducted a 1-sided t-test to assess whether regional weekly speed was greater than an outbreak threshold of 10. We ran the test iteratively with a rolling 6-month window of data across the sample period.

Results

Speed for the region remained well below the outbreak threshold before and after the WHO declaration. Acceleration and jerk were also low and stable. The 7-day persistence coefficient remained somewhat large (1.11) and statistically significant. However, both shift parameters for the weeks around the WHO declaration were negative, meaning the clustering effect of new COVID-19 cases had become recently smaller. From November 2021 onward, Omicron was the predominant variant of concern in sequenced viral samples. The rolling t-test of speed equal to 10 was insignificant for the entire sample period.

Conclusions

While COVID-19 continues to circulate in SSA, the region never reached outbreak status, and the weekly transmission rate remained below 1 case per 100,000 population for well over 1 year ahead of the WHO declaration. COVID-19 is endemic in the region and no longer reaches the threshold for its classification as a pandemic. Both standard and enhanced surveillance metrics confirm that the pandemic ended in SSA by the time the WHO made its declaration.
Гарантії в ендодонтичному лікуванні
Authors: Yunakova N.M.
Published: June 2024

На сьогодні лікар-стоматолог стикається з величезною проблемою вибору методик та матеріалів для проведення якісного ендодонтичного лікування. Одна з концепцій ендодонтичної допомоги — це підвищення її якості шляхом вибору оптимальних матеріалів і методик з урахуванням конкретних біологічних умов. Хоча ендодонтична терапія має високий відсоток клінічного успіху, вона є медичною процедурою і тому не може мати 100% гарантії на успіх. Країни пострадянського простору опинились в дуже складній ситуації, коли стоматологічне лікування віднесено у розділ сервісу та послуг. І лікарям потрібно надавати пацієнту гарантії, що є незаконним з точки зору світового підходу до медицини взагалі і до стоматології зокрема.
Тези науково-практичної конференції «Стоматологічне здоров’я та якість життя», симпозіуму молодих вчених «Інновації в практичну стоматологію»
Authors: Authors No
Published: June 2024

No abstract
Políticas de archivo, transparencia y acceso a la información en el marco de las leyes federales mexicanas
Authors: Torres Martínez Laura Cristina
Published: June 2024

El artículo surge de una investigación más amplia para explicar que las políticas de tipo jurídico federal en transparencia, es decir, el acceso a la información pública gubernamental en México, pueden darse cuando son acompañadas por las políticas de archivo con el fin de responder ante la necesidad de información. Los métodos empleados fueron de tipo cuantitativo y cualitativo: el primero ayudó a obtener datos, mientras que el segundo permitió recuperar las características de lo estudiado en diecisiete dependencias del Gobierno Federal Centralizado mexicano, que corresponden a las Secretarías de Estado. Las técnicas empleadas fueron encuesta en línea y entrevista a partir de una guía de preguntas, mientras que el envío y recepción de respuestas fue a través de la Plataforma Nacional de Transparencia (PNT). El periodo analizado fue de 2002 a 2015, el cual constituye un parteaguas en la política pública al visibilizar la actividad gubernamental a la ciudadanía. Tal suceso generó que las políticas en archivos se dedicaran a la elaboración del Cuadro General de Clasificación Archivística (CGCA) y del Catálogo de Disposición Documental (CADIDO) paulatinamente. Sin embargo, en los primeros años, la transparencia y el acceso a la información no fueron posibles debido al desconocimiento en torno al uso y la utilidad de estos instrumentos. Parte de la conclusión es que deben llevarse a cabo directrices de coordinación adecuadas con los actores involucrados.
Ancient Wisdom meets Artificial Intelligence: A Literature Survey
Authors: Ingle Ms. Mitali
Published: June 2024

Abstract: A revolutionary advancement is taking place in global healthcare, blending the ancient wisdom of Ayurveda with modern technology. Ayurveda is a science of life with a holistic approach to human health and personalised medicine. Ayurved is eternal and has no end. It is one of the oldest medical systems which consists of thousands of medical concepts and Formulations.
Train Crash Avoidance System
Authors: Telsang Supriya S. , Pendse Pranav M. , Dhanayate Pranav R. , Apsingekar Pranav V. , Prasad Sachin A. , Sawant Pratha P. , Katkar Pratyunsh D.
Published: June 2024

Abstract: This paper introduces a Train Crash Avoidance System (TCAS) designed to prevent catastrophic incidents by providing timely alerts. The system seamlessly integrates with existing railway infrastructure and emergency response systems, ensuring a coordinated reaction from all authorities involved. The system consists of an emitter, a receiver, and a signalling system. When the train derails, the signal emitted will be disturbed by the rail and hence the receiver will not get the signal. Consequently, the signalling system will alert the station masters of the nearby railway stations who will, in turn, inform the authorities so that they can take prompt action and the passengers can be evacuated as soon as possible.
Complete Characterization of Entanglement Embezzlement
Authors: Zanoni Elia , Theurer Thomas , Gour Gilad
Published: June 2024

Using local operations and classical communication (LOCC), entanglement can be manipulated but not created. However, entanglement can be embezzled. In this work, we completely characterize universal embezzling families and demonstrate how this singles out the original family introduced by van Dam and Hayden. To achieve this, we first give a full characterization of pure to mixed state LOCC-conversions. Then, we introduce a new conversion distance and derive a closed-form expression for it. These results might be of independent interest.
Pensar la infancia II. Tomo III. Textos escolares, saberes, agencia y emocionalidad
Authors: Carbone Graciela María , Córdoba Toro Natalia , Garcés Mosquera María Dulfari , Sánchez Caro Carmen María , Mápura Bueno Carlos Andrés , Gañan Betancur Diego Ferney , Pérez Pescador Diana Patricia , Montes Castañeda Leidy Beatriz , Pantoja Torres Erika Johana , Arenas Agudelo Aurora Alejandra , Franco Correa Melissa , Trujillo Mora Erika Julieth
Published: June 2024

Amable lector, como se habrá podido constatar en el transcurso de la lectura de los dos anteriores tomos de Pensar la infancia II, el ejercicio de publicación ha demarcado un esfuerzo significativo en la organización de sus capítulos. En esa dirección, cabe reiterar que, inicialmente, el presente tomo fue concebido para incluir, bajo el acápite «Infancia e investigación», los capítulos brindados en el segundo tomo y en este. Sin embargo, algunas decisiones editoriales llevaron a la actual presentación de apartados. Este último tomo se encuentra subdividido en tres secciones o partes. En su primera sección, denominada «Textos escolares, saberes y agencia», se ofrecen importantes reflexiones que van desde el panorama de las aproximaciones que ha surtido la manualística en Latinoamérica; hasta reflexiones investigativas acerca de los procesos formativos en diversos escenarios ancestrales y tradicionales (la escuela), los cuales se relacionan con el saber en la infancia. Asimismo, algunos de sus capítulos problematizan el concepto de agencia en dichos escenarios de cuidado y formación de la primera infancia, así como el contacto con una segunda lengua. Por su parte, el segundo apartado, denominado «Emociones y participación», contiene dos capítulos que abordan la configuración de las emociones primarias como la alegría, el miedo, la tristeza, la ira y la sorpresa, y cómo los niños y niñas acceden a ese plano de sí mismos. Para ello, si bien los dos capítulos que constituyen este apartado se acercan en su objeto de investigación, configuran dos senderos metodológicos con diversos resultados. Para finalizar, este último tomo de Pensar la infancia II incluye una reseña que brinda una aproximación a los trabajos de grado, los cuales han tenido lugar en la Maestría en Infancia desde su primera cohorte hasta la cuarta. Esta se ha desarrollado con el fin de visibilizar la tradición en construcción que se viene gestando desde el programa posgradual, la cual ha ayudado a repensar los estudios sobre la infancia desde multiplicidad de ángulos y métodos de investigación. A todos sus co-autores y co-autoras, infinita gratitud por su paciencia en el proceso editorial.
Pensar la infancia II. Tomo II. Representaciones, hábitos y memoria
Authors: Vega López Valentina , Gutiérrez Martínez Laura Stéfany , Rojas Guevara Blanca Sorangel , Tamayo Buitrago Gerardo , Ramos Gómez Daniela , Taramuel Taramuel Carmen del Pilar , Ascuntar Eliana , Mejía Ramírez Ximena , Moreno Olaya Carol Shirley , Gallo Ceballos Yuliana , Villegas Castaño Juan Pablo , Cuéllar Vélez Fabián Andrés
Published: June 2024

De antemano, cabe agradecer a los amables lectores que ahora se disponen a leer el segundo tomo de Pensar la infancia II. La distribución de este tomo, así como aquella del tercer tomo de este segundo volumen de la serie «Pensar la infancia», fue pensada de tal manera que compartiesen el acápite «Infancia e investigación», ya que en estos dos tomos finales se presentan trece capítulos y dos reseñas, cuyo rasgo en común consiste en diversos asedios temáticos por parte de profesores, estudiantes y egresados de la Maestría en Infancia, los cuales contemplan las siguientes categorías de análisis: (1) las representaciones sociales, los hábitos (rutinas) y la memoria; (2) los textos escolares, los saberes y la agencia; y (3) las emociones y la participación. A ese respecto, cabe mencionar que la agrupación de los diversos capítulos, más que responder a un criterio arbitrario, correspondió a la búsqueda de un tránsito afable para el lector entre las categorías de análisis que se presentan entre un capítulo y el siguiente. Sin embargo, como toda organización, no se encuentra exenta de cierta provisionalidad y siempre se hallará a merced de los amables lectores y sus inquietudes disciplinares específicas. En esa medida, este segundo tomo profundiza en la comprensión de las representaciones sociales, las reproducciones culturales, los hábitos y rutinas, y la memoria o el recuerdo como vías de acercamiento analítico a fenómenos y problemáticas complejas como la violencia (bipartidista y posterior) en diversas territorialidades, la cuarentena ocasionada por el COVID-19, la socio motricidad, y los estereotipos de género en relación con los videojuegos; todo lo anterior, direccionado por la preocupación sobre cómo los niños y las niñas agencian y/o perciben dichas problemáticas. Cabe añadir que este tomo cierra con una interesante reseña que ofrece una profundización a la trilogía del oficio, de Jorge Larrosa, en donde se ofrece una ventana a sus reflexiones; desde la filosofía de la educación; sobre el oficio de ser profesor, del estudiar, y de la escuela en sus formas y materialidades. Al amable lector que otea y surca por estas páginas buscando aproximarse a los temas que ocupan el presente tomo, infinitas gracias por su paciente lectura. Los presentes resultados de indagaciones y múltiples cuestionamientos que gravitan alrededor de los niños y las niñas son producto de la labor de profesores, estudiantes y especialistas en el estudio sobre la infancia, y vinculados a la Maestría en Infancia de la Universidad Tecnológica de Pereira. Esperamos que estos trabajos, ahora en consideración de lectores de índole nacional e internacional, sean de su agrado.
An ethnobotanical investigation into Ain Temouchent’s traditional therapeutic plant usage. (North-West Algeria)
Authors: BELHACINI Fatima
Published: June 2024

To research how the people of Ain Temouchent employ aromatic and
therapeutic plants in 2022-2023 in north-western Algeria, we interviewed
150 individuals, 95 (67%) of whom were women and 55 (37%) men, using a
semi-structured questionnaire. Informants were randomly selected and no
appointments were made. A list of sixty-six medicinal plants that are
used to heal various ailments was created. There are 62 genera and 29
families among them. At 29%, the foliage was the portion of the plant
that was used the most, followed by the fruit at 17%. The majority of
treatments were employed to address digestive disorders. (31%),
followed by respiratory diseases (24%) and genitourinary diseases
(11%). Medicinal plants that the locals frequently use for food or
medicine are Thymus vulgaris L., Mentha spicata L., Citrus limon (L)
Burm.f., Eucalyptus globulus Labill and Lavandula stoechas L.
Climate Change Adaptation Strategies: Empowering Plants to Thrive in Warming Environments
Authors: Ghorui Maunata , Chowdhury Shouvik , Burla Sashidhar
Published: June 2024

Greenhouse gas emissions from pollution contributes to global warming by
trapping heat in the atmosphere, leading to climate change that disrupts
traditional growing seasons, and intensifies extreme weather events by
elevating temperature, adversely affecting crop growth, development, and
yield. To mitigate these impacts, beneficial microorganisms like
Arbuscular Mycorrhiza Fungi (AMF) can be utilized to enhance
agricultural resilience and ensure food security amidst a changing
climate. This study aims to analyse the impact of high temperatures
induced by climate stress on plant morphology, soil properties and
phosphatase release, while also assessing the potential of AMF to
enhance crop resistance to such stressors. The pot experiment studies
conducted in an outdoor environment with a day/night temperature of
42/28°C and a mean temperature of 35°C and in greenhouse at a mean
temperature of 23°C. Higher temperature (35°C), extreme weather events
and shifting growing seasons were found to have a negative impact on
growth characteristics such as shoot height, root length, biomass and
flowering of Onion ( Allium cepa) plants. However, the growth
parameters improved when plants cultivated at 35°C were inoculated with
AMF (+) compared to AMF (−) Onion plants. The findings underscore the
importance of integrating microbial symbionts into climate-smart
agricultural practices to sustainably produce food amidst in the face of
environmental uncertainty.
Disk images of neutral temperature from the Global-scale Observations of the Limb and Disk (GOLD) mission
Authors: Evans Joseph Scott , Lumpe Jerry D. , Eastes Richard W , Correira John , Aryal Saurav , Laskar Fazlul I , Veibell Victoir , Krywonos Andrey , Plummer Timothy M , McClintock William E.
Published: June 2024

Observations of far-ultraviolet (FUV) dayglow by the Global-scale
Observations of Limb and Disk (GOLD) mission provide an opportunity for
quantifying the global-scale response of the thermosphere to solar
extreme-ultraviolet (EUV) variability and geomagnetic activity. Relative
temperature changes can be measured by monitoring changes in the
rotational structure observed in molecular nitrogen Lyman-Birge-Hopfield
(LBH) band emissions. We present a new technique for deriving neutral
temperatures from GOLD FUV observations using optimal estimation fits to
spectra containing LBH band emissions. We provide an overview of the
theoretical basis for the GOLD Level 2 neutral temperature algorithm.
Effects on derived neutral temperatures from instrument artifacts and
particle background are reviewed. We also discuss GOLD Level 1C DAY and
Level 2 TDISK data products and present representative examples of each.
We show that neutral temperatures vary with local time, exhibit a strong
seasonal dependence, and correlate strongly with geomagnetic and solar
activity. Finally, we present results from a preliminary data product
validation that show good agreement with coincident GOLD exospheric
temperatures and predictions from a global reference atmospheric model.
Convergent and transdisciplinary integration: On the future of integrated modeling of human-water systems
Authors: Razavi Saman , Duffy Ashleigh , Eamen Leila , Jakeman Anthony , Jardine Timothy , Wheater Howard , Hunt Randall J. , Maier Holger Robert , Abdelhamed Mohamed S. , Ghoreishi Mohammad , Gupta Hoshin V. , Doell Petra , Moallemi Enayat , Yassin Fuad , Strickert Graham , Nabavi Ehsan , Mai Juliane , Li Yanping , Thériault Julie M. , Wu Wenyan , Pomeroy John W , Clark Martyn P. , Ferguson Grant , Gober Patricia , Cai Ximing , Reed Maureen , Saltelli Andrea , Elshorbagy Amin , Sedighkia Mahdi , Terry Julie , Lindenschmidt Karl-Erich , Hannah David M. , li Kailong , Asadzadeh Masoud , Harvey Natasha , Moradkhani Hamid
Published: June 2024

The notion of convergent and transdisciplinary integration, which is
about braiding together different knowledge systems, is becoming the
mantra of numerous initiatives aimed at tackling pressing water
challenges. Yet, the transition from rhetoric to actual implementation
is impeded by incongruence in semantics, methodologies, and discourse
among disciplinary scientists and societal actors. This paper confronts
these disciplinary barriers by advocating a synthesis of existing and
missing links across the frontiers distinguishing hydrology from
engineering, the social sciences and economics, Indigenous and
place-based knowledge, and studies of other interconnected natural
systems such as the atmosphere, cryosphere, and ecosphere.

Specifically, we embrace ‘integrated modeling’, in both quantitative and
qualitative senses, as a vital exploratory instrument to advance such
integration, providing a means to navigate complexity and manage the
uncertainty associated with understanding, diagnosing, predicting, and
governing human-water systems. While there are, arguably, no bounds to
the pursuit of inclusivity in representing the spectrum of natural and
human processes around water resources, we advocate that integrated
modeling can provide a focused approach to delineating the scope of
integration, through the lens of three fundamental questions: a) What is
the modeling ‘purpose’? b) What constitutes a sound ‘boundary judgment’?
and c) What are the ‘critical uncertainties’ and how do they propagate
through interconnected subsystems? More broadly, we call for
investigating what constitutes warranted ‘systems complexity’, as
opposed to unjustified ‘computational complexity’ when representing
complex natural and human-natural systems, with particular attention to
interdependencies and feedbacks, nonlinear dynamics and thresholds,
hysteresis, time lags, and legacy effects.
Exploring the use of iron ore and pellet dusts in sinter production: A comprehensive evaluation
Authors: Bölükbaşı Ömer
Published: June 2024

Silico-ferrite of calcium and aluminum (SFCA), a significant equilibrium
crystalline phase in the Fe2O3-CaO-Al2O3-SiO2 ternary structure, is an
effective bonding form in the sintering process of fine iron ore. The
current study investigates the effects of using pellet dust instead of iron
ore in sinter blend in SFCA phases. Investigation of the internal structure
of the sinter is critical in terms of its physical and metallurgical
properties. In this study, the sinter pot experimental conditions were
simulated to the actual sinter mill situation. The chemical structure of
SFCA compounds was defined as both SFCA and SFCA-I phases in the
SiO2-CaO-Fe2O3 and Si-Ca-Fe ternary-phase system. The comparison of the
sinter samples with each other revealed that the sinter mixture with a
pellet dust fraction of 13.53% in the Sin-3 probably achieved the best
similarity in reaction rate and formed the larger ratios in SFCA and SFCA-I.
This approach ensures that all sintering parameters are controlled, thereby
enhancing the mechanical and technological quality of the sinter, which will
result in a more stable charge to the Blast Furnace.
Regulatory Role of NF-κB on HDAC2 and Tau Hyperphosphorylation in Diabetic Encephalopathy and the Therapeutic Potential of Luteolin
Authors: Fu Qian , Song Yilin , Ling Zhaoke , Liu Jie , Kong Qingqing , Hao. Xin , Xu Ting , Zhang Qiang , Liu Yi
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Diabetic encephalopathy (DE) is a severe complication of the central nervous system associated with diabetes. This research aims to investigate the regulatory role of mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) on nuclear factor kappa-B (NF-κB) in mice with DE, and the neuroprotective effect and therapeutic mechanisms of luteolin, a natural flavonoid compound with anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and neuroprotective properties. The results indicated that treatment with luteolin improved the degree of cognitive impairment in mice with DE. It also decreased the levels of p-mTOR, p-NF-κB and histone deacetylase 2 (HDAC2) and increased the expression of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and synaptic-related proteins. Furthermore, protein-protein interaction (PPI) and the Gene Ontology (GO) analysis revealed that luteolin was involved in the regulatory network of HDAC2 expression through the mTOR/NF-κB signaling cascade. Our bioinformatics and molecular docking results indicated that luteolin may also directly target HDAC2, as an HDAC2 inhibitors, to alleviate DE, complementing mTOR/NF-κB signaling inhibition. Analysis of luteolin's target genes and their interactions suggested effect on HDAC2 and cognition. In conclusion, HDAC2 and tau hyperphosphorylation are regulated by the mTOR/NF-κB signaling cascade in DE, and luteolin is found to reverse these effects, demonstrating its protective role in DE.

Article Highlights

• Luteolin's neuroprotective effect on diabetic encephalopathy, targeting mTOR/NF-κB signaling.

• Demonstrating decreases in p-mTOR, p-NF-κB, and HDAC2, and increases in BDNF and synaptic proteins.

• Highlighting Luteolin's potential direct targeting to HDAC2, in order to provide a new approach for DE treatment.
Diabetic wound keratinocytes induce macrophage JMJD3-mediated Nlrp3 expression via IL-1R signaling
Authors: J Wolf Sonya , O Audu Christopher , Y. Moon Jadie , D Joshi Amrita , J Melvin William , C Barrett Emily , Mangum Kevin , Saldana de Jimenez Gabriela , Rocco Sabrina , Buckley Sam , Ahmed Zara , Wasikowski Rachael , Michelle Kahlenberg J. , C Tsoi Lam
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Macrophage (Mφ) plasticity is critical for normal wound repair; however, in type 2 diabetic wounds, Mφs persist in a low-grade inflammatory state that prevents the resolution of wound inflammation. Increased NLRP3 inflammasome activity has been shown in diabetic wound Mφs; however, the molecular mechanisms regulating NLRP3 expression and activity are unclear. Here, we identified that diabetic wound keratinocytes induce Nlrp3 gene expression in wound Mφs through IL-1 receptor-mediated signaling, resulting in enhanced inflammasome activation in the presence of PAMPs and DAMPs. We found that IL-1 alpha is increased in human and murine wound diabetic keratinocytes compared to non-diabetic controls and directly induces Mφ Nlrp3 expression through IL-1 receptor signaling. Mechanistically, we report that the histone demethylase, JMJD3, is increased in wound Mφs late post-injury and is induced by IL-1 alpha from diabetic wound keratinocytes, resulting in Nlrp3 transcriptional activation through an H3K27me3-mediated mechanism. Using genetically engineered mice deficient in JMJD3 in myeloid cells (Jmjd3fl/fl lyz2cre+), we demonstrate that JMJD3 controls Mφ-mediated Nlrp3 expression during diabetic wound healing. Thus, our data suggest a role for keratinocyte-mediated IL-1 alpha/IL-1R signaling in driving enhanced NLRP3 inflammasome activity in wound Mφs. These data also highlight the importance of cell crosstalk in wound tissues and identify JMJD3 and the ILR signaling cascade as important upstream therapeutic targets for Mφ NLRP3 inflammasome hyperactivity in nonhealing diabetic wounds.

Article Highlights

· The molecular mechanism regulating macrophage NLRP3 inflammasome activity in diabetic wounds remains unclear.

· Diabetic wound keratinocytes induce Nlrp3 gene expression and enhance inflammasome activation in wound Mφs through IL-1 receptor mediated signaling.

· IL-1 alpha is increased in human and murine wound diabetic keratinocytes compared to non-diabetic controls and directly induces Mφ Nlrp3 expression via histone demethylase, JMJD3.

· JMJD3 controls Mφ-mediated Nlrp3 expression during wound healing.
Training on Making Creative Thinking Rubrics for Junior High School Teachers in Sarolangun Jambi
Authors: Silvia Fitriani  , Rofii Afif
Published: June 2024

Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat ini bertujuan untuk   mengembangkan   kompetensi   guru  SMP. Pelatihan dilakukan dalam bentuk workshop. Kegiatan pelatihan ini diikuti oleh 25 orang guru SMP di Sarolangun Jambi   Kegiatan   pengabdian   ini   terdiri   dari   tiga tahapan  yang  terdiri  dari  tahapan  pengantar materi, tahap kedua pelatihan dan evaluasi pembuatan rubrik penilaian berpikir kreatif. Hasil   pelatihan menunjukkan bahwa guru SMP yang mengikuti kegiatan ini memiliki peningkatan pengetahuan dalam membuat rubrik penilaian berpikir kreatif.
Í járngreipum hefðarinnar: Áhrif tæknibreytinga á lögmæti banka á Íslandi
Authors: Lárusson Rafnar , Sigurðardóttir Margrét Sigrún
Published: June 2024

Fjórðu iðnbyltingunni hafa fylgt miklar tækniframfarir m.a. í formi bjálkakeðja, gervigreindar og stafrænna lausna. Þeim fylgir aukin krafa um innleiðingu bæði vegna samkeppni og skilvirkni. Því fylgja áskoranir fyrir skipulagsheildir sem háðar eru lögmæti og stöðugleika. Stofnanakenningarnar hafa sýnt fram á að skipulagsheildir eru í sífelldri togstreitu á milli skilvirkni og lögmæti, sem verður síst minni þegar ný skoðanakerfi ógna lögmæti ríkjandi skoðanakerfis. Bankar byggja tilveru sína á lögmæti, jafnvel í enn ríkara mæli en skipulagsheildir almennt. Í þessari grein er sjónum beint að íslenskum bönkum og hvernig þeir bregðast við áskorunum stafrænnar byltingar. Markmið rannsóknarinnar var að kanna hvort ríkjandi skoðanakerfi hamli tækniþróun innan bankakerfisins á Íslandi. Eigindleg aðferðafræði var notuð og voru hálfstöðluð viðtöl tekin við 11 einstaklinga frá fimm bönkum, bæði eldri hefðbundnum bönkum og nýrri sem styðjast meira við stafrænar lausnir. Viðmælendur voru valdir með tilgangsúrtaki og komu hvoru tveggja frá viðskipta og upplýsingatækni sviðum bankanna. Gögnin voru greind með aðferðum grundaðrar kenningar. Niðurstöður leiddu í ljós að ríkjandi skoðanakerfi hafa hamlandi áhrif á tækniþróun innan bankakerfisins. Banka skoðanakerfið, stutt upplýsingatækni skoðanakerfinu, rekst á við hið nýja stafræna skoðanakerfi, en áhersla fyrrnefndu skoðanakerfanna á stöðugleika og lögmæti dregur úr möguleikum á að tileinka sér nýja tækni hratt og örugglega. Eldri bankar standa einnig frammi fyrir áskorunum vegna hamlandi eldri upplýsingatæknikerfa. Á meðan nýrri bankar aðgreina sig með stafrænni nálgun verða einnig fyrir þrýstingi að aðlagast hefðbundnara banka skoðanakerfi. Rannsóknin varpar ljósi á flókið samspil skoðanakerfa, einsleitnikrafta og lögmætis í tækniþróun banka. Mikilvægt er fyrir banka að vera meðvitaðir um þessar hindranir og leita leiða til að samþætta ólík skoðanakerfi, með þeim hætti að innleiðing nýrrar tækni leiði ekki til ágjafar á lögmæti. Frekari rannsóknir eru nauðsynlegar til að öðlast dýpri skilning á myndun og viðhaldi lögmætis innan bankakerfisins í takt við tæknibreytingar.
Innleiðing lagaskyldu um sjálfbærniupplýsingar: Reynslan af löggjöfinni, helstu drifkraftar sjálfbærniupplýsinga og áhrif þeirra á starfsemi og rekstur fyrirtækja
Authors: Poulsen Ingi , Sigurjónsson Þröstur Olaf
Published: June 2024

Á árinu 2016 var ákvæði 66. gr. d. bætt við lög um ársreikninga nr. 3/2006 en með ákvæðinu var fyrirtækjum af ákveðinni gerð og stærð gert skylt að greina frá umfangsmiklum ófjárhagslegum upplýsingum í ársreikningum sínum. Með ákvæðinu var innleidd tilskipun Evrópusambandsins um ófjárhagslegar upplýsingar og upplýsingar um fjölbreytileika nr. 2014/95/EB. Markmið þessarar rannsóknar er að varpa ljósi á þá reynslu sem hlotist hefur af lagasetningunni. Þá leitast rannsóknin við að greina þau áhrif sem löggjöfin hefur haft á íslensk fyrirtæki í samhengi við aðra áhrifaþætti sem gegna hlutverki í sjálfbærnivegferð fyrirtækja. Með því er leitast við að varpa ljósi á helstu þætti sem kunna að hafa þýðingu fyrir gæði og umfang sjálfbærniupplýsinga enda veitir löggjöfin fyrirtækjum umtalsvert sigrúm í upplýsingagerðinni. Á grundvelli þessa markmiðs leitast rannsóknin við að svara eftirfarandi rannsóknarspurningu: Hver er upplifun sérfræðinga sem vinna að gerð og miðlun sjálfbærniupplýsinga af innleiðingu tilskipunar Evrópusambandsins um ófjárhagslega upplýsingagjöf, hvaða áhrif hefur hún haft á starfsemi íslenskra fyrirtækja og hvaða aðrir áhrifaþættir og hvatar hafa þýðingu gagnvart umfangi og gæðum sjálfbærniupplýsinga þeirra? Niðurstöður rannsóknarinnar gefa til kynna að íslensk fyrirtæki séu aftarlega á merinni í alþjóðlegum samanburði. Lög hafa hjálpað til að setja sjálfbærni á dagskrá en hafa ekki lykilþýðingu við ferli upplýsingagjafar í dag. Margvíslegir hvatar og áhrifaþættir hafa áhrif á sjálfbærniupplýsingar fyrirtækja, umfram annað þrýstingur frá haghöfum. Miðlun sjálfbærniupplýsinga hefur þó margvísleg bein og óbein áhrif á rekstur og starfsemi fyrirtækja.
The Influence of Motivation and Training Entrepreneurship on The Performance of SME Entrepreneurs Modulated by Organizational Culture
Authors: Hairunisya Nanis , Arifin Syaiful , Endayani Fatmasari , Puspasari Meinar
Published: June 2024

Purpose: This research aims to determine the relationship between motivation, entrepreneurship training and performance, as well as organizational culture as a moderator variable.
Method: Respondents numbered 113 SMEs, former TKI who had received entrepreneurship training from the Manpower Service. Primary data was collected using a questionnaire and processed using PLS model path analysis assisted by the SmartPLS 3.0 program.
Result: The research results are as follows: (1) Motivation has no effect on performance; (2) Entrepreneurship training influences performance; (3) organizational culture influences performance; (4) organizational culture as a moderating predictor variable has a significant effect on performance but is unable to moderate the influence of motivation and entrepreneurship training on the performance of SME entrepreneurs. The impact of entrepreneurship motivation and training may vary depending on other factors, such as stakeholder interests and local culture. These last two variables could be opportunities for further research.
Influence of The Role of Government, Travel Barriers and Social Media Influencers on Visiting Interests With Destination Image as A Mediating Variable Study on Murung Batu Laba Tourism Visitors, Banjar Regency
Authors: Azizah Fathia , Said Laila Refiana
Published: June 2024

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the impact of government role, travel barriers, and social media influencers on tourists' desire to visit Murung Batu Laba via the medium of destination image.
Method: This study used quantitative research methods. A number of statistically significant connections were found between the dependent variables (destination image, social media influencers, government participation, and travel barriers) and the independent variables (interest in visiting the site). Both the destination's reputation and the attention of prospective tourists were directly impacted by social media influencers, according to the data. In contrast, travel limitations have the reverse impact on tourism and the destination's reputation, whereas government participation boosts both.
Result: The results showed that destination image mediates the relationship between social media influencers and interest in visiting, as well as between travel hurdles and desire in visiting. This highlights the significance of the destination's image in attracting prospective tourists by mediating the attention of other elements.
Peculiarities of legal regulation of annual leave during martial law
Authors: Meniv L. D.
Published: June 2024

The article is devoted to the study of the legal regulation of annual vacations during the period of martial law in Ukraine. The relevance of the research topic is due to new approaches in the legal regulation of annual leave in connection with the introduction of martial law. An analysis of the current legislation on the granting of annual leave was carried out, taking into account the norms of the Law of Ukraine «On the organization of labor relations in the conditions of martial law».
The limitation of the term of the annual leave of employees is characterized and their inexpediency in the period of wartime is determined, because the war continues for the third year and business adaptation to activities in the period of martial law. Conclusions were made that the legal regulation of labor relations during the period of martial law at the level of the norms of the law of Ukraine «On the organization of labor relations under martial law» is in some cases discriminatory towards employees. The disadvantage of limiting the term of annual vacations is also the fact that the implementation of this rule of law in practice quite often raises many questions due to the lack of details and explanations. Employees are faced with such problems, which gives rise to labor disputes between the parties to the employment relationship.
Fixing at the legislative level restrictions on annual leave during the wartime regime does not demonstrate a balance of interests of the employee and the employer. However, the restriction on the provision of annual leave for employees working in the field of critical infrastructure, work on the production of defense goods or before the fulfillment of a mobilization task (order) is considered fully justified in view of the situation that is developing in the country and requires complex solutions.
As of today, it would be appropriate to change the legal regulation and provide for a list of employees to whom the employer cannot refuse to grant annual leave and it must necessarily include, for example, persons with disabilities, minor workers, persons of retirement age, single mothers or fathers .
The employer must take all possible measures to provide his employees with annual vacations without any restrictions and their payment, because the legislation only provides for the possibility to limit the granting of annual vacations, and this cannot be abused in any way.
Application of the components of the principle of proportionality to protect the rights and legitimate interests of taxpayers
Authors: Totskyi B. A.
Published: June 2024

The article examines the essence of the principle of proportionality in the field of taxation, analyzes the components of the principle and the specifics of their application with regard to protection of rights and legitimate interests of taxpayers. The author establishes that the essence of the principle of proportionality in the field of taxation is that taxes and fees established with the aim of financial support of the State’s activities should be consistent with the possibility of taxpayers to exercise their fundamental rights and freedoms. According to the principle of proportionality, the actions of the state must be strictly adapted to the legitimate goals and objectives to be achieved, and the measures applied must not go beyond what is necessary to achieve the established goals and objectives.
It is established that the principle of proportionality in the field of taxation is characterized by several key components: 1. Access to rights and freedoms should not depend on: payment or non-payment of taxes and fees by a person; the amount of taxes and fees paid; 2. The tax burden should not be excessive, and the taxes themselves should not be too burdensome. The application of the principle of proportionality in the field of taxation is one of the key aspects of protecting human and civil rights and freedoms. It requires that the tax burden be distributed fairly, transferred to the taxpayer in an economically justified manner, and reflect their capabilities. Failure to comply with proportionality can lead not only to violations of fundamental human and civil rights and freedoms, but also to the de-shadowing of the economy, thus undermining the economic foundations of the state, leading to economic decline and destabilization of the country, contributing to the growth of crime, etc. 3. Tax restrictions and measures relating to taxpayer rights should not be excessive, and sanctions should not be too burdensome. In this context, it is important to assess not only the immediate consequences of sanctions for achieving the goals of the legal provision and protecting public order, but also possible long-term effects on the offender, including his economic condition, social status and the possibility of correction. Such an approach requires a balance between the need for effective law enforcement and prevention of repeated violations, on the one hand, and the prevention of excessive punishment, which may lead to disproportionate infringement of individual rights and freedoms, on the other.
Agreement on the results of mediation and settlement agreement in the field of land disputes
Authors: Valianska T. P.
Published: June 2024

The relevance of the declared topic of scientific research is determined by the specifics of the agreement based on the results of mediation and settlement agreement. Land disputes are complex categories of cases that require significant financial costs and long-term consideration. Therefore, the use of conciliation procedures aimed at a quick settlement of the land conflict is relevant. Effective forms of reconciliation in land disputes are mediation and conciliation.
The article is aimed at determining the specifics of the agreement based on the results of mediation and its correlation with the settlement agreement. The leading methods of research are dialectical and systemic methods that allow considering the legal nature of contractual forms of reconciliation. The system method makes it possible to determine the specifics of the agreement based on the results of mediation and settlement agreement.
In this scientific study, the content of the agreement was determined based on the results of mediation and the procedure for recognizing the settlement agreement was characterized. The necessity of distinguishing these procedures taking place at any stage of court proceedings and reflecting such differences in the court’s decision regarding the recognition of agreements between the parties is substantiated.
The theoretical significance of this article consists in the analysis and systematization of the main legal aspects of distinguishing between a settlement agreement and an agreement based on the results of mediation, defining the differences between these two legal constructions, and revealing their legal nature.
The practical significance of the article lies in the recommendations for legal registration and resolution of conflicts through mediation or the conclusion of a settlement agreement. It can be useful for lawyers, judges, mediators and all interested parties involved in dispute resolution who wish to understand the differences between these two legal remedies.
Criminal characteristics of criminal offenses related to infection with a venereal disease
Authors: Kuzmenko O. V.
Published: June 2024

The article is devoted to the forensic characteristics of criminal offenses related to venereal disease infection. It has been established that venereal diseases are infectious diseases, united in one group by the way of their transmission - mainly sexual. WHO includes more than 20 nosological forms among them, including classic venereal diseases, a number of viral infections, a large group of urogenital infections and many other diseases. The transmission of these diseases is possible not only during sexual contact, but also during the passage of the fetus through the birth canal of a sick mother, contact- household, transplacental, hemotransfusion ways. The source of infection can be a healthy carrier, a sick person, a sick (infected) mother, infected toilet objects.
It is noted that the investigation method cannot provide an exhaustive list of all circumstances that must be clarified during the investigation of a specific criminal offense. The task of the investigator should be to specify and supplement the typical list in accordance with the specifics of this particular case. It must be remembered that the forensic characterization of a criminal offense is a scientific abstraction containing only probable knowledge. The data contained in it are indicative only and make it easier to put forward versions and determine the directions of the investigation.
The author concluded that the elements of the forensic characteristics of criminal offenses related to infection with a venereal disease include: the method and traces of the crime, as well as the object of the criminal offense, the identity of the victim and the identity of the criminal.
In addition, it was established that the most widespread way of committing this category of criminal offenses is, of course, sexual relations. In second place is infection by “household” means. At the same time, venereal diseases can be transmitted in two ways: direct (for example, through direct contact of the skin or mucous membranes) and indirectly (for example, when the virus enters an open wound or mucous membrane through contact with household items on which the virus can remain).
In addition, infection with venereal diseases can occur due to the negligent performance of professional duties by a person, despite the fact that medical institutions use all possible measures to prevent such diseases. For example, there are cases of infection during medical procedures such as blood transfusions, organ transplants, artificial insemination and other medical manipulations.
Determination of the amount of pre-trial compensation for damage caused by a criminal offense
Authors: Lyubeznikov D. O.
Published: June 2024

The article is devoted to the problems of determining the amount of damage in criminal proceedings in Ukraine and their solution. An analysis of the reasons for the ineffectiveness of the existing mechanism in the criminal process, establishing the amount of damage to victims of criminal offenses is carried out. The problems of real compensation for damage caused by a criminal offense are considered. The creation of certain conditions that will contribute to real compensation (compensation) of damage is being discussed, starting directly from the stage of the pre-trial investigation, precisely from the moment of entering information into the EDPR. It is noted that in order to protect the rights and legitimate interests of a person who has been harmed by a criminal offense, the victim status should be granted as soon as possible, namely at the initial stage of the pre-trial investigation. The conducted study of the materials of criminal proceedings, in which it was established that the use in part 2 of Art. 55 of the Criminal Procedure Code of Ukraine of the wording «The rights and responsibilities of the victim arise in a person from the moment of submitting an application to involve him in the proceedings as a victim» is not quite effective, because it allows investigators, inquirers to establish a certain time interval between entering information into the ERDR and issuing a resolution on recognizing a person as a victim. It is noted that when studying the application and establishing the grounds for the qualification of a criminal offense, the authorized person engaged in pre-trial investigation has the duty to collect, systematize and analyze all the information contained in the notification of the criminal offense. The specified information includes information on the nature and extent of damage caused by a criminal offense. It is proven that untimely taking measures to compensate for the damage caused only increases the troubles that already fall on the shoulders of the injured person. It was established that at the moment, officials at the stage of entering information into the EDRD have been given more opportunities to carry out effective activities to establish the nature and extent of damage, and in the future - to take a set of measures aimed at compensating victims of criminal acts.