bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Research trend in latex harvesting of rubber tree (Hevea brasiliensis Muell. Arg.) based on bibliographic analysis
Authors: Junaidi Junaidi
Published: January 2023

The rubber plant (Hevea brasiliensis Muell. Arg.) is the main natural rubber-producing species. Researches on rubber has been carried out for more than a century. Researchers and academics should stay up to date with the current scientific issues including latex harvesting in H. brasiliensis Muell. Arg. This article presents a bibliometric analysis of scientific literature indexed by Scopus and published from 2018 to 2022. The literature was categorized into three sub-topics i.e., latex harvesting techniques (38 papers), physiological mechanisms (41 papers), and oxidative stress induced by latex harvesting practices (18 papers). Metadata validation was performed using Mendeley reference management software and bibliometric analysis was carried out using VOSviewer bibliometric network visualization software. The results on the latex harvesting technique showed that most of the articles were related to the development of automatic tapping machines. This indicates a trend that latex harvesting techniques are likely shifting from manual tapping to fully automated methods using machines and robots. In terms of physiological mechanisms related to latex production, the mechanism of rubber biosynthesis and ethylene response at the genomic, transcriptomic, and proteomic levels predominated the finding. Research on oxidative stress induced by tapping mainly focuses on the effects of mechanical wounding and ethylene stimulation, while research on antioxidants is still limited. In the past five years, biotechnology and molecular analysis are the main tools to study physiological mechanisms and oxidative stress. This can be a consideration for scientists and research institutions to develop laboratories and human resources to be able to conduct molecular-based research.
Current Status of Future Plan of Bookstore Revitalization Policy : Focusing on the Revision of the Publishing Culture Industry Promotion Act
Authors:   The Korean Publishing Science Society, Han Julie
Published: January 2023

After the enactment of the Local Bookstore Revitalization Ordinance, a revision to the Publishing Culture Industry Promotion Act was proposed in November 2020, and has been in effect since February 11, 2022 after the government promulgation on August 10, 2021. This study attempted to identify the core revisions of the Publishing Culture Industry Promotion Act and identify and analyze what follow-up tasks are to revitalize bookstores. To this end, the in-depth interview method was used to grasp the perception of publishing and bookstore officials on the revitalization of bookstores. As a result, self-rescue efforts to fulfill the role of bookstores in the region, cooperation with related parties, concerns to spread and promote the reading culture, securing statistics of bookstores, and finding ways to improve the structure of the publishing distribution system were suggested. This study provided basic data for future related research through various analyses, and presented limitations and suggestions for research.
Effects of the Basic Psychological Needs Factor of e-book Users on Use Intention through Perceived Usefulness and Perceived Ease of Use
Authors:   The Korean Publishing Science Society, Park Kyeong Eun , Kwon Do Soon , Park Dong Cheol , Kim Jae Ho
Published: January 2023

The e-book market has continued to grow as the supply of smart devices has expanded. This study verified the effect of basic psychological needs of e-book users on their use intention through perceived usefulness and perceived ease of use. As a result of the study, first, it was found that autonomy did not have a positive effect on perceived usefulness, but had a positive effect on perceived ease of use. Second, it was found that competence had a positive effect on perceived usefulness, but did not have a positive effect on perceived ease of use. Third, it was found that the relationship had a positive effect on perceived usefulness and perceived ease of use. Fourth, it was found that perceived usefulness had a positive effect on the use intention. Fifth, it was found that perceived ease of use had a positive effect on perceived usefulness. Sixth, it was found that perceived ease of use did not have a positive effect on the use intention. For the e-book market to continuously develop, it is necessary to look at the functional aspect of the service and the psychological aspect of users organizationally.
Biosensors - A Miraculous Detecting Tool in Combating the War against
COVID-19
Authors: Deshmukh Rohitas , Mishra Sakshi , Singh Rajesh
Published: January 2023

The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), commonly known
as COVID-19, created rack and ruin and erupted as a global epidemic. Nearly 482.3 million cases
and approximately 6.1 million deaths have been reported. The World Health Organization (WHO)
designated it an international medical emergency on January 30, 2020; shortly in March 2020, it
was declared a pandemic. To address this situation, governments and scientists around the globe
were urged to combat and prevent its spread, mainly when no treatment was available. Presently,
quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) is the most widely utilized technique
for diagnosing SARS-CoV-2. But this method is cumbersome, tedious, and might not be quickly
accessible in isolated areas with a circumscribed budget. Therefore, there is a quest for novel diagnostic
techniques which can diagnose the disease in a lesser time in an economical way. This paper
outlines the potential of biosensors in the diagnosis of SARS-CoV-2. This review highlights the
current state of presently available detection techniques, expected potential limits, and the benefits
of biosensor-implicated tests against SARS-Cov-2 diagnosis. CRISPR-Cas9 implanted paper strip,
field-effect transistor (FET) implanted sensor, nucleic-acid centric, aptamers-implanted biosensor,
antigen-Au/Ag nanoparticles-based electrochemical biosensor, surface-enhanced Raman scattering
(SERS)-based biosensor, Surface Plasmon Resonance, potential electrochemical biosensor, optical
biosensor, as well as artificial intelligence (AI) are some of the novel biosensing devices that are
being utilized in the prognosis of coronaviruses.
The Role of LncRNA XIST in Gynecologic Cancers
Authors: Farzaneh Maryam , Jafari Razieh Mohammad , Tahan Ali , Askari Mohammad Amin , Roshandel Hasti , Gharizadeh Seyed Mohammad Ali
Published: January 2023

Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are non-coding RNAs longer than 200 nucleotides
that act by targeting translational and post-translational modifications, epigenetic regulators, and
chromatin remodeling complexes. There has been increasing evidence that the lncRNA X-inactive
specific transcript (lncRNA Xist) via targeting miRNAs and transcription factors plays a critical role
in cell growth, proliferation, and differentiation. This lncRNA also has an important role in the progression
of tumors and other human diseases by acting as a competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA).
Accumulating evidence revealed that lncRNA Xist by targeting several signaling pathways is involved
in the pathogenesis of gynecologic cancers. In this review, we focused on the recent functions
of lncRNA Xist in breast, cervical, and ovarian cancers.
The Effects of Lamiaceae Plants on Sex Hormone Levels and Clinical
Signs in Women with Hirsutism: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Nourani Nasim , Sanaie Sarvin , Azami-Aghdash Saber , Shayanfar Ali , Hamedeyazdan Sanaz
Published: January 2023

Introduction:

The purpose of this systematic review was to reach a general conclusion regarding
the effects of Lamiaceae plants on hirsutism by performing a meta-analysis of the clinical
trials.

Method:

PubMed, Cochrane Library, Scopus Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials databases were searched and selected from the results of clinical studies to evaluate the effect of Lamiaceae plants on hirsutism.

Result:

Three clinical studies were selected for meta-analysis. In the performed meta-analysis,
changes in androgenic hormones levels were non-significant for total testosterone (TT) (SMD = -0.03;
95% CI [-0.68, 0.08]; P= 0.12) and significant for free testosterone (FT) (SMD = -0.85; 95% CI [-
1.45, -0.25]; P= 0.005). On the other hand, FSH level did not reduce (SMD = -0.39; 95% CI [-1.83,
1.06]; P= 0.60), while LH showed a marginally significant increase (SMD = 0.37; 95% CI [-0.007,
0.75]; P= 0.055). Ferriman – Gallway score did not show a remarkable change based on the metaanalysis
of two studies (SMD = 0.89; 95% CI [-0.73, 2.51]; P= 0.28).

Conclusion:

The results showed that the Lamiaceae family can reduce serum levels of some hormones
and signs of hirsutism. However, they do not change signs of hirsutism.
Persistent Sciatic Artery with Peripheral Arterial Disease: A Case Report
Authors: Cardona Ortegón José David , Yepes María Mónica , Rivero Rapalino Oscar Mauricio , Torres Cortes David Fernando , Montaño Rozo Gonzalo Andres , Muñoz Quiroga Luisa Maria
Published: January 2023

Background:

Persistent sciatic artery (PSA) is a congenital malformation due to incomplete
involution during the embryonic period. Its etiology is unknown, with an estimated incidence of 0.02 -
0.04% in the whole population and a mean age of 60-65 years. Its presentation can be bilateral. It is
asymptomatic in most cases and is usually detected accidentally; however, some symptoms may appear,
such as claudication, sciatic neuralgia, and pain in the affected limb. It can also manifest as an
aneurysmal dilatation or thrombosis that can generate distal embolism with ischemia.

Case Report:

In this case study, a patient in her 90s with a suspected peripheral arterial disease, which
required an angiotomography of the lower limb, showing a superficial femoral artery running to the
middle and distal third of the thigh and a vascular structure running in the sciatic neurovascular bundle
corresponding to a persistent sciatic artery presenting atherosclerotic changes and extensive occlusion,
was presented. The patient's treatment was clinical with dual antiplatelet therapy and prophylactic anticoagulation.
This was due to comorbidities and age. Moreover, the PSA occlusion was not critical and
did not significantly impact the patient's quality of life.

Conclusion:

Most patients with this anatomical variant are asymptomatic all their lives, but some of
them may present symptoms with serious consequences. It is important to suspect it by clinical presentation
and perform diagnostic confirmation by angiotomography. Treatment has yielded excellent results
with endovascular techniques. Certain patients only require conservative treatment with anticoagulants
and antiplatelet agents.
Flaxseed can Prevent Adverse Effects of Toluene on Human Ovarian Cell
Functions
Authors: Fabová Zuzana , Tarko Adam , Mlynček Miloš , Kotwica Jan , Sirotkin Alexander Vladimirovič
Published: January 2023

Background:

The aim of our study was to investigate the mechanisms of oil-related
product toluene and functional food flaxseed Linum usitatissimum L. on ovaries in humans and the
potential protective effect of flaxseed against adverse toluene action. We examined 1) the action of
toluene (at doses 0, 10, and 100 ng/ml), 2) flaxseed extract (10 μg/ml), and their combination on
cultured human ovarian granulosa cells.

Methods:

Viability, markers of proliferation (accumulation of PCNA) and apoptosis (accumulation
of bax), the release of steroid hormones, IGF-I, oxytocin, and prostaglandin F were analyzed by
Trypan blue exclusion test, quantitative immunocytochemistry, and EIA/ELISA.

Results:

Toluene suppressed all analyzed ovarian parameters. Flaxseed stimulated proliferation,
progesterone and IGF-I and reduced prostaglandin F output. The presence of flaxseed supported
toluene action on cell viability and apoptosis and inverted its effect on proliferation, progesterone,
testosterone, and IGF-I release.

Conclusion:

These observations a) confirm direct inhibitory/toxic action of toluene on ovarian
cells, b) demonstrate the ability of flaxseed to affect ovarian cell functions, c) show the ability of
flaxseed to prevent some toxic effect of toluene, and d) indicate the that flaxseed could be a biostimulator
of human reproduction and protector against the adverse influence of toluene on female
reproduction.
Essential Non-coding Genes: A New Playground of Bioinformatics
Authors: Du Pu-Feng , Zhang Ying-Ying
Published: January 2023

The essentiality of a gene can be defined at different levels and is context-dependent. Essential
protein-coding genes have been well studied. However, the essentiality of non-coding genes
is not well characterized. Although experimental technologies, like CRISPR-Cas9, can provide insights
into the essentiality of non-coding regions of the genome, scoring the essentiality of noncoding
genes in different contexts is still challenging. With machine learning algorithms, the essentiality
of protein-coding genes can be estimated well. But the development of these algorithms for
non-coding genes was very early. Based on several recent studies, we believe the essentiality of noncoding
genes will be a new and fertile ground in bioinformatics. We pointed out some possible research
topics in this perspective article.
Development and Experimental Investigation of Composite Structure
Heat Pipe
Authors: Parikh Hiral , Jadav Rivaan , Mehta Aashay , Bhatt Soham
Published: January 2023

Aim:

This study aimed at developing a composite structure heat pipe.

Background:

Conventionally, the heat pipe enclosure is made out of a single
continuous conductive material corresponding to minor heat losses to the surrounding
through the middle section, which ideally needs to be adiabatic in nature. The
insulating nature of the carbon fiber reduces the axial heat losses and improves the
latent heat of vaporization.

Objective:

The objective of this study is to develop a carbon fiber-reinforced
composite heat pipe and a test rig to check the performance of the heat pipe.

Methods:

The hand lay-up technique is used to develop a composite structure heat
pipe with a carbon fiber adiabatic section. A test rig is developed to check the
performance of the heat pipe. Moreover, the weight comparison is made for a
conventional and composite structure heat pipe.

Results:

The test results reveal that the composite structure heat pipe gives weight
reduction in the range of 25 to 30 percent than the conventional heat pipe for identical
dimensions and also shows a faster heat absorption rate.

Conclusion:

Conventional heat pipe may be replaced with the lightweight composite
structure heat pipe.
A Recent Update on SARS-CoV-2 Transmission and its Variants: Transmission,
Pathogenic Mechanism, and Treatment
Authors: Singh Veer , Jain Shreyans K. , Mishra Vishal
Published: January 2023

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by SARS-CoV-2 virus was first reported in
China. As of April 17, 2022, over 500 million confirmed cases and over 6 million deaths have been reported
worldwide. COVID-19 is transmitted through respiratory droplets and other contact routes in the
human community. Fine respiratory droplets and aerosol particles enter into the respiratory tract and
come in the contact with mucous membranes. The SARS-CoV-2-containing droplets spread into the environment
by quiet breathing, speaking, exercise, coughing, and sneezing of COVID-19-infected individuals.
World Health Organization (WHO) have been released several guidelines for controlling COVID-19
which include maintaining personal hygiene, social distance, and COVID-19 vaccination. A higher
transmission rate of SARS-CoV-2 has been reported and the transmission rate also depends on several
variants of SARS-CoV-2. SARS-CoV-2 genome is a single-stranded positive (+) sense RNA of about 26-
32 kb nucleotides and has 80% similarity to the bat SARS-CoV. SARS-CoV-2 enters the host cell
through the interaction between spike proteins of the virus and the host cell surface receptor. Acute Respiratory
Distress Syndrome and lung injury lead to the death of SARS-CoV-2-infected people. Several
vaccines for COVID-19 have been developed, giving protection from COVID-19 and reducing the transmission
rate. Developed vaccines are not 100% effective against SARS-CoV-2 due to variations in the
genetic makeup of SARS-CoV-2. Thereby, further research is the need of the hour. This review summarizes
SARS-CoV-2 and its several variants and their transmission, genomic characterization, pathogenhost
interaction mechanisms, diagnostic methods, and potential treatment approach for SARS-CoV-2.
Determination of the Antiprotozoal and Antibacterial Drug Metronidazole in Blood and Dosage Forms Using a Simple Spectrophotometric Method
Authors:   Department of Chemistry, College of Science, University of Mosul, Mosul, Iraq, Mahmood Ann H. , Mahmood Hana Sh.
Published: January 2023

A new, precise, and sensitive method for the determination of Metronidazole has been created. Metronidazole has been determined in both blood and dosage forms. The reaction is based on the reduction of the nitro group of metronidazole followed by coupling with the diazotized paminodiphenylamine to produce a soluble, colored complex measured at 515 nm. Beer-Lambert law is obeyed over the concentration range from 20 to 100 µg/mL, the molar absorptivity is 1397.88 L/mol.cm.The method has been used for the determination of metronidazole in the blood of the volunteer after 4, 6, 8, and 12 h from the administration of 500 mg tablet showing that the higher level of the drug was found after 6 h from swallowing the drug orally with excellent precision range (RSD% 0.0122-0.0387). The method has been also applied for the estimation of drug content in injection and tablet dosage forms with accuracy ranging from -4.1- to +4.0.
Heavy Metal Accumulation in Goosefoot (Chenopodium album L.) Irrigated With Wastewater
Authors:   Faculty of Education, Usak University, Usak, Turkey, Ugulu Ilker , Khan Zafar Iqbal , Rehman Sidrah , Ahmad Kafeel , Nawaz Khalid , Munir Mudasra , Bashir Humayun
Published: January 2023

Wastewater sources contain enormous amounts of nutrients for plant growth. This study aimed to define the metal accumulation in the goosefoot plant (Chenopodium album L.) of wastewater use in agricultural irrigation and to evaluate the risks of this accumulation to human health. The present research was performed in field conditions in Khushab, Pakistan. The Cd, Cu, Cr, Fe, Zn, Ni, and Mn concentrations were determined with the analysis performed using Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer-AAS. Heavy metal concentrations in goosefoot samples irrigated with groundwater (GWI), canal water (CWI) and sugar mill water (MWI) ranged from 0.84 to 1.08, 0.55 to 0.78, 0.23 to 0.70, 2.09 to 5.56, 2.84 to 13.53, 0.53 to 1.13 and 0.32 to 0.39 mg/kg for Cd, Cr, Cu, Fe, Ni, Zn, and Mn, respectively. According to the statistical analyses, wastewater applications had a non-significant effect on Cr, Cu, and Zn concentrations in C. album samples collected from three sites, and a significant effect on Cd, Fe, Mn, and Ni concentrations (p>0.05). The results also showed that the health risk index value of cadmium was higher than 1. According to these results, long-term consumption of C. album samples grown in the study area may cause an accumulation of Cd in the human body and diseases in many tissues and organs.
Groundwater Contamination Study of Faisalabad and Sargodha Metropolitan Cities
Authors:   PCSIR Laboratories, Islamabad, Pakistan, - Abdullah , Uddin Islam , Rashid Uzma , Panhwar Aijaz , Aslam Tahseen , Hussain Fozia , Kulsoom Razia , Afzal Muhammad
Published: January 2023

The groundwater is one of the most important sources for fulfilling daily needs. Groundwater for drinking purposes is the biggest source in Pakistan, but due to population explosion, the rapid development of industrialization, deforestation, urbanization and unplanned housing schemes on agricultural lands are the major reasons for groundwater contamination and deterioration. The work emphasized evaluating the physicochemical characteristics of the groundwater of the two cities of Punjab, Faisalabad and Sargodha for drinking purposes. Overall thirty samples were collected in triplicate, fifteen from each city, Faisalabad and Sargodha, respectively. Physicochemical parameters, trace elements and microbiological analysis were conducted. The results revealed that the quantities of Magnesium (Mg), Calcium (Ca), Sodium (Na), Chloride (Cl), and TDS were significantly higher than the permissible limits of WHO in the majority of the samples from Sargodha, while TDS, TH, were higher in most samples of Faisalabad. The studied trace elements Aluminum (Al), Chromium (Cr), Arsenic (As), Manganese (Mn), Iron (Fe), Cobalt (Co), Nickel (Ni), Copper (Cu), Zinc (Zn), Selenium (Se), Cadmium (Cd), and Lead (Pb) were found under safe limits of WHO except Cr, Cd, Se and Mn in Sargodha city and in Faisalabad Se and Cd were found to be crossing WHO levels in few locations. The samples from Faisalabad were found microbiologically unsafe as compared to Sargodha. Principal component analysis (PCA) revealed that the area's most dominant anion was chloride. Many processes are involved in changing water chemistry, and the water quality was controlled by rock water interaction and evaporation procedures. The study concluded that the area's water was brackish; due to this, the water was found unsuitable for drinking purposes. Therefore, the supply of safe water and water treatment plant installations are highly recommended in these areas.
Valuation of Groundwater Contaminated with Nitrates and Human Health Risks (HHR) Between Villages of Sinjar and Tal Afar Districts, Iraq
Authors:   College of Education for Pure Sciences, University of Mosul, Mosul, Iraq, Al-Mashhadany Moha mmed Hazim Sabry
Published: January 2023

Nitrates are one of the most common pollutants in groundwater. To assess the risk of exposure to nitrates in drinking water for age groups, we monitored the concentration of nitrates in the drinking water of the Al-Jazeera region. The climate of this region is characterized between dry and semi-arid, and its inhabitants depended on the water in the aquifers as a source of drinking for many years, without monitoring, treatment, or filtration system, as there is no public drinking water network. A model was also used to assess the risks of nitrate pollution in groundwater to human health. Samples were taken from 30 wells distributed equally over the three villages to collect water samples and measure the concentration of nitrate ions in groundwater. The concentration of nitrate ions in well water is less than 50 mg. L-1 and ranged between (4.2 – 48.1) mg. L-1 . The mathematical model results showed that the ages under 11 years and pregnant women have a higher hazard quotient of nitrate value (HQ) than one Except for wells No. 2 and 9, which are higher than the permissible limits for drinking. As for age groups above 11, well water was suitable for drinking, and the HQ value was mainly less than one. The reason for this age group's lower chronic daily intake (CDI). In other words, the groundwater was suitable for adults and not for children under 11 years and pregnant women.
PERANCANGAN TEKANAN UDARA POSITIF PADA KABIN MOBIL MSSC (MOBILE SWAB SAMPLING CHAMBER)
Authors: Rais Fahmi , Krinsnaputra Radhian , Sugiyanto Sugiyanto , Sukidjo F.X. , Kurniawan Stephanus Danny , Djati Isworo
Published: January 2023

MSSC (Mobile Swab Sampling Chamber) car should have a fulfilling requirement as a protective isolation room or positive pressure room. A positive pressure room is needed so the virus or bacteria that is carried by the patient outside the car could not enter and contaminate the medical officer inside the car. Based on that need, the MSSC car is designed so that it can be used as a swab test sampling and having a positive pressure. The designing process was started by assembling each part of the car cabin that was used as an examination tool and positive pressure maker. This design was then simulated using the CFD method to find out whether the car cabin design produces positive pressure. The velocity of the AC blower and the percentage of exhaust openings were varied so that suitable air pressure was obtained. Based on the analysis of the simulation results, it was known that the design of the car cabin that had been done could produce positive air pressure. This positive air pressure was obtained when the blower speed was low and the exhaust opening was 100%. The value of air pressure under these conditions was 101019 Pa or +19 Pa from the ambient air that have 101000 Pa in Yogyakarta.
SIFAT TERMAL, ELEKTROKIMIA DAN STRUKTUR MIKRO OKSIDA PEROVSKIT GANDA SEBAGAI MATERIAL KATODA SOFC BEROPERASI PADA SUHU MENENGAH
Authors: Adi Subardi
Published: January 2023

The oxides SmBa0.8Sr0.2Co2O5+δ (SBSC) have been explored as cathode materials for IT-SOFCs using SDC as the electrolyte. XRD was used to determine the structure of SBSC powder, and SEM was used to observe the morphology of the microstructure. Thermogravimetric Analysis (TGA) is used to measure the change in amount and rate in weight of SBSC cathode powder as a function of temperature in a controlled atmosphere. Symmetrical cells were tested using a potentiostat Voltalab PGZ 301. The weight loss of SBSC oxide during the heating temperature range between room temperature and 800 oC was 0.003%. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), low field (LF), and high field (HF) approaches are used to obtain activation energy (Ea) values of 99.77 kJ mol-1, 70.26 kJ mol-1, and 73.10 kJ mol-1. The Ea of polarization resistance (Rp) for the SBSC cathode reaches 104.59 kJ mol-1. The well-connected cathode-electrolyte contact determines the low resistance, and the SBSC cathode particle size is consistently dispersed in the interval of 1-1.5 µm.
KAJIAN EFISIENSI PANAS KOLEKTOR PEMANAS AIR SURYA PADA MOBILE MINI BIODIESEL PLANT
Authors: Rakasiwi Rinjani , Syaifurrahman Syaifurrahman , I Wivina Diah , Gani Usman A
Published: January 2023

Integration of solar water heating system and biodiesel unit process has resulted a prototype called Mini Biodiesel Plant. The key of that unit is the effectiveness of heat transfer that occured in the solar collector. The purpose of this research is to analyze the performance of the collector from the solar water heating system. The solar collector used is a flat plate type with a surface area of 0.7m2. It consists of a glass cover, alummunium absorber, styrofoam insulator and woof frame. Based on the research result for 5 times for 5 hours each day, the highest of intensity of solar radiation (I) was 859 W/m2 can produce  maximum hot water (Ta) of 62oC. The average of real heat has been absorbes by teh collector (Qu) was 271 Watt while the maximum of heat loss (Qloss) was 144.6 Watt therefore the average of collector efficiency (ƞ) was 45.1%.
PENGARUH PERLAKUAN ALKALI TERHADAP SIFAT FISIS DAN MEKANIS SERAT LANTUNG (ARTOCARPUS ELASTICUS)
Authors: Hestiawan Hendri , Ariawan Dody , Amri Khairul , Nuramal Agus , Afrizal Aditya , Sudibyo Sudibyo
Published: January 2023

Alkali treatment of natural fibers is one of the chemical treatments used to increase the exposed cellulose content through the removal of hemicellulose and lignin on the fiber surface. This study aims to investigate the effect of alkali treatment on the physical and mechanical properties of lantung fibers. The materials used in this          research consist of: lantung fiber (Artocarpus elasticus) with an alkali treatment process using 4% and 6% natrium hydroxide (NaOH) solutions and immersion time of 1 and 2 hours, at room temperature. The fiber neutralization process includes washing the fibers using fresh water and drying them at room temperature for 48 hours. Tests carried out include XRD test, SEM photo observations conducted at Balai Penelitian Teknologi Mineral, Lembaga Ilmu Pengetahuan Indonesia and fiber tensile test based on ASTM D 3379 standard. The results of XRD and fiber tensile test showed that alkali treated lantung fibers were effective in increasing the crystallization index (CI) value and fiber tensile strength. The highest CI values and fiber tensile strength were obtained at alkali treatment of 4% NaOH for 2 hours, respectively 85.42% and 228.5 MPa. The results of SEM photo observations showed that alkali treatment on the fiber surface could remove impurities based on the concentration of sodium hydroxide (NaOH) solution and soaking time. This shows that proper alkali treatment can increase the strength of lantung fibers.
Physicochemical characteristics of pulsed electrical field–sterilized sugarcane (Saccharum officinarum L.) juice with added ginger extract
Authors: Febrianto Mulyadi Arie , Sucipto Sucipto , Hadi Sumarlan Sumardi , Wahyu Indriani Dina , Arofatul Lama’ah Rafika
Published: January 2023

This study aimed to investigate the effect of the voltage of the pulsed electric field (PEF) and ginger extract concentration on sugar cane juice's physicochemical and organoleptic quality. The experiments were carried out at voltages of 20 kV and 40 kV, and ginger extract concentrations of 2, 4, and 6%. The PEF with 40 kV and 6% ginger extract concentration resulted in the most efficient microbial reduction by 99.54%. Sugarcane juice has a total number of microbes of 3.7x103 CFU/ml, antibacterial activity 1.48, pH of 6.26, total solids dissolved of 20.5 °Brix, a viscosity of 4.67 Cp, reducing sugar of 2.17%, brightness of 24.4, redness of 7.17, and yellowness of 8.1. The combination of pulsed electric field and ginger extract addition can preserve the shelf life and maintain sugarcane juice quality. The higher the PEF voltage and ginger extract concentration, the longer the quality of the sugarcane juice can be preserved.
Carcass And Wholesalecut Production Of Brahman Cross (BX) Heifer
Authors: Kuswati Kuswati , Muhaimin Abdul , Septian Wike Andre , Susilawati Trinil
Published: January 2023

This research aims to determine the quantitative characteristics of Brahman cross heifer cattle's carcass and wholesale cut at different age levels. The number of heifer cattle taken as samples was 104 heifer. The research method used is a case study with the selection of locations by purpose sampling. Direct observation is used to obtain information on age, slaughter weight, carcass weight, wholesale cut weight, and parts thereof (primary, secondary, and manufacturing cut). The data obtained were then analyzed by analysis of variance (ANOVA). If there was a significant difference, it is followed by a further test of the Least Significant Difference (LSD). The results showed that the age levels in slaughter had a significant effect (P<0.05) on the slaughter weight, fresh carcass weight and wilted carcass weight, but had no effect on the percentage of carcass and wholesale cut. The older the age of cattle and the longer the cattle are raised, the higher their body weight will affect the slaughter weight produced, and the higher the slaughter weight, the higher the carcass weight made. Average slaughter weight at different age by Permanent Incisor (PI): PI0 (<18 months), PI2 (18-24 months) and PI4 (24- 36 months). While the average percentage of heifer carcass at different age levels was relatively the same (52,71% : 53,04% : 53.10%). The weight and rate of wholesale cut and its parts are also somewhat the same. The research results show that the slaughter age affects the slaughter weight and carcass weight but not dressing percentage and wholesale cut weight. Brahman cross heifer cattle at PI4 produced optimal carcass weight and wholesale cut.
IDENTIFIKASI BENTUK BUAH ALPUKAT (Persea americana Mill.) DENGAN ANALISIS CITRA DIGITAL
Authors: Ifmalinda Ifmalinda , Andasuryani Andasuryani , Shaufana Lii
Published: January 2023

Kualitas buah sangat berpengaruh pada tingkat daya tarik konsumen, salah satunya pada bentuk buah. Umumnya proses pengelompokan mutu buah menggunakan pengamatan secara visual. Cara ini kurang efisien dan membutuhkan waktu lama. Metode untuk mengatasi masalah tersebut adalah dengan analisis citra digital, yang merupakan ruang lingkup suatu sistem mengenai teknik mengolah dan menganalisa citra atau gambar dengan meggunakan komputer. Tujuan penelitian ini yaitu mengidentifikasi bentuk fisik dari buah alpukat yang normal dan kurang normal dengan analisis citra digital. Pengelompokkannya sesuai dengan standar mutu I dan II buah alpukat, yaitu normal dan kurang normal. Agar terlihat perbedaannya dilakukan menggunakan beberapa parameter bentuk meliputi roundness, sphericity, dan nilai K. Perhitungan tiga parameter ini dilakukan dalam dua kondisi yaitu perhitungan manual dan analisis citra. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan roundness manual normal diperoleh nilai 0,850 sampai 0,893 dan kurang normal diperoleh nilai 0,851 sampai 0,905. Roundness citra normal diperoleh nilai 0,856 sampai 0,895 dan kurang normal diperoleh nilai 0,856 sampai 0,897. Sphericity manual normal diperoleh nilai 0,810 sampai 0,941 dan kurang normal diperoleh nilai 0,807 sampai 0,953. Sphericity citra normal diperoleh nilai 0,826 sampai 0,945 dan kurang normal diperoleh nilai 0,837 sampai 0,972. Nilai K manual normal diperoleh nilai 1,616 sampai 2,485 dan kurang normal diperoleh nilai 1,843 sampai 2,394. Sedangkan nilai K citra normal diperoleh nilai 0,925 sampai 0,948 dan kurang normal diperoleh nilai 0,923 sampai 0,951. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian disimpulkan bahwa bentuk normal dan kurang normal bisa dibedakan dengan analisis citra melalui bentuk roundness. Namun tidak bisa dibedakan dengan bentuk sphericity dan nilai K.
PENGARUH PEMBERIAN BUBUR INSTAN GEMBILI (Dioscorea esculenta) CAMPURAN ISOLAT PROTEIN KORO PEDANG (Canavalia ensiformis) TERHADAP PROFIL LIPID TIKUS SPRAGUE-DAWLEY HIPERKOLESTEROLEMIA
Authors: Widiastuti Theresia , Slamet Agus , Kanetro Bayu
Published: January 2023

Umbi gembili adalah sejenis umbi-umbian inferior yang saat ini konsumsinya berkurang bahkan mengalami penurunan, masyarakat belum mengetahui bahwa umbi gembili (Dioscorea esculenta) memiliki kandungan inulin bersifat hipolipidemia. Pembuatan bubur instan gembili dengan penambahan isolat protein koro pedang (Canavalia ensiformis) diharapkan dapat menurunkan kadar kolesterol dengan cara memperbaiki inulin. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh pemberian bubur instan terhadap profil lipid (kolesterol, trigliserida, HDL, dan LDL) tikus Sprague-Dawley. Induksi hiperkolesterolemia dilakukan dengan pemberian lemak babi, kolesterol, pakan ayam broiler dan asam folat pada tikus putih jantan. Rancangan penelitian ini adalah penelitian eksperimental menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) dengan pre-post test yang diterapkan pada 30 tikus putih jantan hiperkolesterolemia yang dibagi menjadi 5 kelompok perlakuan yaitu 2 kelompok kontrol dan 3 kelompok dengan pemberiankan bubur instan sebanyak 40,5 mg, 81,0 mg, dan 121,5 mg/200 g BB tikus selama 28 hari. Penentuan kadar kolesterol total, dan trigliserida melalui metode CHOD-PAP dan GPO-PAP. Analisis data menggunakan paired test dan One Way ANOVA yang dilanjutkan dengan uji DMRT pada tingkat kepercayaan 95%. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bubur instan terbaik adalah bubur instan dengan variasi tepung gembili 90% dan isolat protein koro pedang 10% pemberian bubur instan dosis 40,5 mg/200 g BB, 81 mg/200 g BB dan 121,5 mg/200 g BB selama 28 hari dapat menurunkan kadar kolesterol total, trigliserida, LDL, dan meningkatkan kadar HDL tikus hiperkolesterolemia secara signifikan. Pada penelitian ini dapat disimpulkan bahwa bubur instan gembili dengan penambahan isolat protein koro pedang 10% berpotensi sebagai pangan fungsional untuk mencegah hiperkolesterolemia dengan nilai kesukaan terbaik.
Pemetaan Geospasial Risiko Banjir di Sub-DAS Gunting, Jombang Jawa Timur
Authors:   Universitas Jember, Kuswardhana Arbi Tri , Hidayah Entin ,   Universitas Jember, Wahyono Retno Utami Agung ,   Universitas Jember
Published: January 2023

Floods are the most recurring natural disasters and impact human life, causing a severe economic downturn. The level of flood risk is a function of hazard and vulnerability. Flood risk-prone areas need to be identified to reduce the flood risk level. This study aims to assess flood risk based on spatial analysis results with Geographic Information Systems (GIS). The flood hazard map is built from remote sensing-based data in the form of a digital elevation model (DEM) applied using the frequency ratio weighting (FR) technique. Vulnerability maps are generated from social, economic, physical, and environmental data applied through techniques overlays weighted using the analytical hierarchy process (AHP). The resulting risk map shows that 21.93% and 6.40% of the total area are at a very high and high level of flood risk. This map is very useful for planning the flood management.
Assessment of the prevalence of overweight and obesity among school-age children in Samara
Authors: Skvortsova O. V. , Migacheva N. B. , Mikhaylova E. G. , Katkova L. I.
Published: January 2023

Purpose: Assessment of the prevalence of overweight and obesity among school-age children in Samara. Material and methods. Medical checkup of 1503 schoolchildren aged from 7 to 14 years old was performed. The authors assessed anthropometric indicators, calculated body mass index, and standard deviation score. Diagnosis of overweight or obesity was based on the analysis of the indicators according to the criteria of the World Health Organization. Results. The prevalence of overweight among schoolchildren in Samara made up 20.9% and obesity was observed in 13.5%. The prevalence of obesity among boys was significantly higher than in girls (63.58% vs 39.48%, respectively). The peak debut of obesity occurs at an early school age. In the study group, obesity of 1st degree was most common (67.2% of obese children). A comparison of the obtained data with previous studies revealed that the prevalence of obesity increased dramatically over the past fifteen years (from 3.6% to 13.5%). The prevalence of overweight has also increased from 10.6% to 20.9%. Conclusion. Considering the increasing prevalence of overweight and obesity among school-age children, this problem should remain one of the priorities for the Samara region.
Spirometry and respiratory disease risk factors in firefighters in Almaty
Authors: Vinnikov D. V. , Tulekov Z. D. , Strizhakov L. A. , Babanov S. A. , Lavrentyeva N. E.
Published: January 2023

Objective: to ascertain respiratory symptoms, lung function and selected respiratory disease risk factors in firefighters of the city of Almaty. Materials and methods: N=1379, 91% males, firefighters working in Almaty were recruited at the annual screening, where CAT (COPD Assessment Test) and mMRC (Modified Medical Research Council) questionnaires were offered to quantify the severity of respiratory symptoms. We also assessed respiratory risk factors, including cigarette smoking, exposure to environmental tobacco smoke, fossil fuel use for heating and cooking, and regular physical activity, followed by spirometry. Vital capacity (VC), forced VC (FVC) and forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1) were measured. Results: Median age was 28 (interquartile range (IQR) 25-35) years, years in service median 5 (IQR 3-13) years. 41% of employees were daily cigarette smokers (significantly more among males, 43 vs. 16%), whereas 93% were exposed to environmental tobacco smoke and only 57% were engaged in regular leisure physical activity. With the overall low score of respiratory symptoms, the prevalence of postbronchodilator FEV1/FVC reduction below lower limit of normality in males was 2%, whereas the diagnosis of chronic bronchitis in the past was found in 2% of participants. Conclusions: healthy worker effect in firefighters of Almaty can explain very low prevalence of bronchoobstructive syndrome among those enrolled in this analysis, even despite high smoking prevalence.
Endometrial hyperplasia features in conditions of organic solvents exposure
Authors: Marinkin I. O. , Shpagina L. A. , Lisova E. S. , Shpagin I. S. , Kotova O. S. , Kuznetsova G. V. , Loktin E. M. , Karmanovskaya S. A.
Published: January 2023

Objective: to establish clinical and molecular features of endometrial hyperplasia in conditions of organic solvents exposure in patients with obesity. Materials and methods: postmenopausal women with endometrial hyperplasia (morphological criteria) were included to observational cross-sectional study. The main group included 140 subjects with occupational organic solvents exposure, aged 57,5 (46;64) years, of whom 70 had obesity and 70 had normal weight. Comparison group — 140 women without of occupational health risks, aged 56,5 (46;65) years, 68 with and 72 without obesity. Investigated workers were painters in machine building industry with length of service above 10 years, in post-contact period lasted for 1-5 years were 29 (20.7%) of participants. Organic solvents concentrations at the workplace’s areas were 1.5-5.5 times above occupational exposure limits. Linear and logistic regression were used to explore relationships. Level of significance p<0.05. Results: workers exposed to organic solvents had maximal percent of atypical endometrial hyperplasia: 34.3% in obesity subjects and 18.6% in those without obesity, in the comparison group 10.3% in subjects with and 6.9% in those without obesity, p=0.004. Subgroup with toxicant exposure with obesity characterized by maximal expression of Ki-67 (55,9±2,51, 51,4±4,95, 41,5±3,29 and 30,1±2,18 scores respectively), higher rate of uterine bleeding, M-echo thickness, blood interleukin 1β concentration. Atypical endometrial hyperplasia was associated with length of service (OR 1.80), maximal short-term exposure concentration of toluene (OR 2.51), waist circumference (OR 1.68), Ki-67 (OR 2,01), estrogen receptors on epithelium (OR 1.92). Conclusions: organic solvents exposure in postmenopausal women with endometrial hyperplasia contributes to development of atypical hyperplasia, systemic inflammation, Ki-67 expression, higher grades in subjects with obesity.
On Net Zero Energy Building Design Methodology: A Case Study Examining Learning as Measured by Interdisciplinary Knowledge Acquisition
Authors: Martínez Luis A. , Rodríguez Lizeth , Flores Carlos M. , Cisneros Carlos A. , Chávez Mario W. , Lemus Idis A. , Ariza René I.
Published: January 2023

Net zero energy building design methodologies include integrative approaches and numerical tools to provide optimal performance and cost-effective results. Team integration, characterized by knowledge transfer between disciplines, has yet to be quantified for the design processes of these buildings. This article proposes a specific methodology for designing net zero energy buildings, tested through a case study design process conducted in an academic setting at Universidad Centroamericana in El Salvador, with the participation of students and faculty members. Through a survey, interdisciplinary knowledge transfer between team members was measured. We found that, without additional instruction, team participants outperformed a control group without project involvement by 16.4% (P < 0.002, t-test) in terms of interdisciplinary knowledge. This result implies that designers acquire new knowledge from other disciplines by interacting and solving design problems, although such acquisition is not uniform between disciplines. Remarkably, results show that the disciplinary groups that acquired the most knowledge about each other are Mechanical Engineering students and Architecture students. These results help us understand how to improve the design process, limit boundaries for disciplinary interactions, and determine which specific knowledge gaps to target per discipline in engineering and architecture education.
The Evaluation of Web-Based Communication Interventions to Support Decisions About COVID-19 Vaccination Among Patients With Underlying Medical Conditions: Protocol for a Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Lee Minjung , Oh Bumjo , Yoon Nan-He , Kim Shinkyeong , Jung Young-Il
Published: January 2023

Background

The timeliness of raising vaccine acceptance and uptake among the public is essential to overcoming COVID-19; however, the decision-making process among patients with underlying medical conditions is complex, leading individuals to vaccine hesitancy because of their health status. Although vaccine implementation is more effective when deployed as soon as possible, vaccine hesitancy is a significant threat to the success of vaccination programs.

Objective

This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of a communication tool for patients with underlying medical conditions who should decide whether to receive a COVID-19 vaccine.

Methods

This 3-arm prospective randomized controlled trial will test the effect of the developed communication intervention, which is fully automated, patient decision aid (SMART-DA), and user-centered information (SMART-DA-α). The web-based intervention was developed to help decision-making regarding COVID-19 vaccination among patients with underlying medical conditions. Over 450 patients will be enrolled on the web from a closed panel access website and randomly assigned to 1 of 3 equal groups stratified by their underlying disease, sex, age, and willingness to receive a COVID-19 vaccine. SMART-DA-α provides additional information targeted at helping patients’ decision-making regarding COVID-19 vaccination. Implementation outcomes are COVID-19 vaccination intention, vaccine knowledge, decisional conflict, stress related to decision-making, and attitudes toward vaccination, and was self-assessed through questionnaires.

Results

This study was funded in 2020 and approved by the Clinical Research Information Service, Republic of Korea. Data were collected from December 2021 to January 2022. This paper was initially submitted before data analysis. The results are expected to be published in the winter of 2023.

Conclusions

We believe that the outcomes of this study will provide valuable new insights into the potential of decision aids for supporting informed decision-making regarding COVID-19 vaccination and discovering the barriers to making informed decisions regarding COVID-19 vaccination, especially among patients with underlying medical conditions. This study will provide knowledge about the common needs, fears, and perceptions concerning vaccines among patients, which can help tailor information for individuals and develop policies to support them.

Trial Registration

Korea Clinical Information Service KCT0006945; https://cris.nih.go.kr/cris/search/detailSearch.do/20965

International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID)

DERR1-10.2196/42837
Spatial Analysis of Startup User Locations and Its Accuracy Values Using Spatial Data Modeling, Palembang City, Indonesia
Authors: Monanisa Monanisa , Aryaningrum Kiki , Kurniawan Andri , Pitoyo Agus Joko , Sukmaniar Sukmaniar , Saputra Wahyu
Published: January 2023

Increasingly thriving businesses that utilize existing startups are a form of disruptive innovation. Today, these startup users can multiply the number of their customers online to include a broader population in downtown areas. This research aimed to analyze the locations of startup users in Palembang City, Indonesia, spatially using the Accuracy Values of Spatial Data Modeling. Frequency, a descriptive quantitative approach, and spatial data modeling analysis were the two methods applied to 364 sampling points distributed in Palembang City. The results indicated that single women with an average of high school or equivalent education dominated the demographics of the startup users. Also, on average, the startup users were 20–29 years of age. The spatial analysis revealed that their business locations formed a dispersed pattern, with an even density in the downtown area. Based on the sensitivity and specificity values on the ROC curve (receiver operating characteristic) and the accuracy level obtained from AUC (area under the ROC curve), the Spatial Data Modeling (SDM) of the density distribution showed very high-accuracy results, 98.8%.