bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Las competencias en investigación formativa en los programas de la Escuela Superior de Guerra
Authors: Martínez-García Inmaculada , Ardila-Castro Carlos Alberto
Published: September 2023

La formación por competencias es un modelo de aprendizaje basado en una perspectiva constructivista de la educación. Este enfoque resulta importante en los procesos de formación, especialmente en el área de investigación formativa. El presente estudio se desarrolló mediante la aplicación de una encuesta diseñada ad hoc de percepción de los alumnos que concluyeron su formación en el área de investigación. La muestra (N=278) está compuesta por civiles y militares de los programas de posgrado de la Escuela Superior de Guerra. Se concluye que las competencias de los estudiantes son esenciales para propiciar la generación de nuevo conocimiento. Resulta fundamental que las instituciones de educación superior realicen diagnósticos para identificar fortalezas y debilidades desde las apreciaciones de los estudiantes, quienes son actores esenciales del proceso de formación.
Impacto de la desigualdad de ingresos en la esperanza de vida y la salud en Colombia
Authors: Hincapié-Mesa Fabio Andrés , Londoño-Roldán Juan Carlos
Published: September 2023

Reducir las desigualdades de ingresos y salud, dentro de los países y entre ellos, es una prioridad global de la OMS. Este estudio busca examinar la desigualdad de ingresos como predictora de la esperanza de vida en Colombia. Para lograrlo, se desarrolló un modelo de datos de panel de corte transversal utilizando la Encuesta Calidad de Vida del DANE. Las variables predictoras de la esperanza de vida fueron el coeficiente de Gini, el PIB per cápita y, de manera novedosa, la pobreza monetaria, entre 2012 y 2019. Los resultados indican que estas variables tienen un impacto significativo en la esperanza de vida, mientras que no se encontró un impacto significativo en la movilidad social. Los hallazgos pueden orientar la política pública y la toma de decisiones gubernamentales en Colombia.
Association Between Metabolic Syndrome and Mortality: Prospective Cohort Study (Preprint)
Authors: Li Wenzhen , Chen Dajie , Peng Ying , Lu Zuxun , Kwan Mei-Po , Tse Lap Ah
Published: September 2023

BACKGROUND

Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a common metabolic disorder that results from the increasing prevalence of obesity, which has been an increasing concern in recent years. Previous evidence indicated that MetS was associated with mortality; however, different definitions of MetS were used. In 2005, the National Cholesterol Education Program (NCEP) Adult Treatment Panel (ATP) III updated the definition of MetS, which has since been widely adopted. Therefore, it is necessary to conduct a novel study among other populations and countries with a larger sample size using the updated definition of MetS and death code to examine the association of MetS with all-cause and cause-specific mortality.

OBJECTIVE

We aimed to examine the associations of MetS with all-cause and cause-specific mortality.

METHODS

A total of 36,414 adults were included in this study, using data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) III (1988-1994) and the continuous NHANES (1999-2014) in the United States. Death outcomes were ascertained by linkage to National Death Index records through December 31, 2015. MetS was defined by the NCEP ATP III-2005 criterion. Complex survey design factors including sample weights, clustering, and stratification were considered for all analyses with instructions for using NHANES data. Cox proportional hazards models were used to estimate hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% CIs for mortality from all causes, heart disease, diabetes, and cancer.

RESULTS

We observed 8494 deaths during the 16.71 years of follow-up. Compared with those without MetS, individuals with MetS were associated with a significantly elevated multiadjusted HR of 1.24 (95% CI 1.16-1.33), 1.44 (95% CI 1.25-1.66), and 5.15 (95% CI 3.15-8.43) for all cause, heart diseases, and diabetes mellitus, respectively, whereas no significant association was found for cancer mortality (HR 1.17, 95% CI 0.95-1.43).

CONCLUSIONS

Our study provides additional evidence that MetS and its components are significantly associated with all-cause, heart disease, and diabetes mortality, but not with cancer mortality. Health care professionals should pay more attention to MetS and its individual component.
A Call for a Health Data Informed Workforce (Preprint)
Authors: Doll Joy , Anzalone Jerrod , Clarke Martina , Cooper Kate , Polich Ann , Siedlik Jacob
Published: September 2023

UNSTRUCTURED

A momentous amount of health data has been and is being collected. Across all levels of healthcare, data is driving decision making and impacting patient care. A new knowledge and role for those in healthcare is emerging – the need for a health data informed workforce. In this commentary, the authors describe approaches needed to build a health data informed workforce, a new and critical skill for the healthcare ecosystem.
Artificial Intelligence in Dental Education: Opportunities and Challenges of Large Language Models (Preprint)
Authors: Claman Daniel , Sezgin Emre
Published: September 2023

UNSTRUCTURED

Instructional and clinical technologies have been transforming dental education. With the emergence of artificial intelligence (AI), the opportunities of utilizing AI in education has increased. With the recent advancement of generative AI, Large Language Models (LLMs) gained attention with their capabilities in natural language understanding and generation. A common example has been ChatGPT, which is based on a powerful LLM, generative pretrained transformer (GPT) model. This article discusses the potential benefits and challenges of incorporating LLMs in dental education, focusing on periodontal charting with a use case to outline capabilities of LLMs. LLMs can provide personalized feedback, generate case scenarios, and create educational content to contribute to the quality of dental education. However, challenges, limitations and risks exist, including bias and inaccuracy in the content created, privacy and security concerns, and the risk of overreliance. With the guidance and oversight, and by effectively and ethically integrating LLMs, dental education can incorporate engaging and personalized learning experiences for students towards readiness for real-life clinical practice.
Changes in global online public interest in multiple other infectious diseases due to the COVID-19 pandemic (Preprint)
Authors: Zhang Ning , Wan Xingyu , Yang Feixiang , Wu Zhengyang , Qiu Rong , Yuan Jing , Du Yinan , Xie Yinyin
Published: September 2023

UNSTRUCTURED

In this study, we examined the changes in global online public interest in various infectious diseases during the COVID-19 epidemic using Google Trends. To ensure research accuracy, we categorized infectious diseases into two groups: respiratory infections and sexually transmitted and blood-borne infections. The findings indicated a significant initial decline in the global population's search interest in other infectious diseases during the early stages of the COVID-19 pandemic. However, during the later phase of the pandemic wave, the global online public interest in most infectious diseases presented gradual or even exponential growth. To the best of our knowledge, this study represented the first investigation into the global online public interest in multiple significant infectious diseases during the COVID-19 pandemic. Our study highlighted the changes in global online public interest toward various other infectious diseases, emphasizing the importance for governments worldwide to remain vigilant in response to the outbreak of additional infectious diseases.
ChatGPT and Google Assistant as a Source of Patient Education for Patients With Amblyopia: Content Analysis (Preprint)
Authors: Wu Gloria , Lee David A , Zhao Weichen , Wong Adrial , Jhangiani Rohan , Kurniawan Sri
Published: September 2023

BACKGROUND

We queried ChatGPT (OpenAI) and Google Assistant about amblyopia and compared their answers with the keywords found on the American Association for Pediatric Ophthalmology and Strabismus (AAPOS) website, specifically the section on amblyopia. Out of the 26 keywords chosen from the website, ChatGPT included 11 (42%) in its responses, while Google included 8 (31%).

OBJECTIVE

Our study investigated the adherence of ChatGPT-3.5 and Google Assistant to the guidelines of the AAPOS for patient education on amblyopia.

METHODS

ChatGPT-3.5 was used. The four questions taken from the AAPOS website, specifically its glossary section for amblyopia, are as follows: (1) What is amblyopia? (2) What causes amblyopia? (3) How is amblyopia treated? (4) What happens if amblyopia is untreated? Approved and selected by ophthalmologists (GW and DL), the keywords from AAPOS were words or phrases that deemed significant for the education of patients with amblyopia. The “Flesch-Kincaid Grade Level” formula, approved by the US Department of Education, was used to evaluate the reading comprehension level for the responses from ChatGPT, Google Assistant, and AAPOS.

RESULTS

In their responses, ChatGPT did not mention the term “ophthalmologist,” whereas Google Assistant and AAPOS both mentioned the term once and twice, respectively. ChatGPT did, however, use the term “eye doctors” once. According to the Flesch-Kincaid test, the average reading level of AAPOS was 11.4 (SD 2.1; the lowest level) while that of Google was 13.1 (SD 4.8; the highest required reading level), also showing the greatest variation in grade level in its responses. ChatGPT’s answers, on average, scored 12.4 (SD 1.1) grade level. They were all similar in terms of difficulty level in reading. For the keywords, out of the 4 responses, ChatGPT used 42% (11/26) of the keywords, whereas Google Assistant used 31% (8/26).

CONCLUSIONS

ChatGPT trains on texts and phrases and generates new sentences, while Google Assistant automatically copies website links. As ophthalmologists, we should consider including “see an ophthalmologist” on our websites and journals. While ChatGPT is here to stay, we, as physicians, need to monitor its answers.
Efficient Machine Reading Comprehension for Health Care Applications: Algorithm Development and Validation of a Context Extraction Approach (Preprint)
Authors: Nguyen Duy-Anh , Li Minyi , Lambert Gavin , Kowalczyk Ryszard , McDonald Rachael , Vo Quoc Bao
Published: September 2023

BACKGROUND

Extractive methods for machine reading comprehension (MRC) tasks have achieved comparable or better accuracy than human performance on benchmark data sets. However, such models are not as successful when adapted to complex domains such as health care. One of the main reasons is that the context that the MRC model needs to process when operating in a complex domain can be much larger compared with an average open-domain context. This causes the MRC model to make less accurate and slower predictions. A potential solution to this problem is to reduce the input context of the MRC model by extracting only the necessary parts from the original context.

OBJECTIVE

This study aims to develop a method for extracting useful contexts from long articles as an additional component to the question answering task, enabling the MRC model to work more efficiently and accurately.

METHODS

Existing approaches to context extraction in MRC are based on sentence selection strategies, in which the models are trained to find the sentences containing the answer. We found that using only the sentences containing the answer was insufficient for the MRC model to predict correctly. We conducted a series of empirical studies and observed a strong relationship between the usefulness of the context and the confidence score output of the MRC model. Our investigation showed that a precise input context can boost the prediction correctness of the MRC and greatly reduce inference time. We proposed a method to estimate the utility of each sentence in a context in answering the question and then extract a new, shorter context according to these estimations. We generated a data set to train 2 models for estimating sentence utility, based on which we selected more precise contexts that improved the MRC model’s performance.

RESULTS

We demonstrated our approach on the Question Answering Data Set for COVID-19 and Biomedical Semantic Indexing and Question Answering data sets and showed that the approach benefits the downstream MRC model. First, the method substantially reduced the inference time of the entire question answering system by 6 to 7 times. Second, our approach helped the MRC model predict the answer more correctly compared with using the original context (F1-score increased from 0.724 to 0.744 for the Question Answering Data Set for COVID-19 and from 0.651 to 0.704 for the Biomedical Semantic Indexing and Question Answering). We also found a potential problem where extractive transformer MRC models predict poorly despite being given a more precise context in some cases.

CONCLUSIONS

The proposed context extraction method allows the MRC model to achieve improved prediction correctness and a significantly reduced MRC inference time. This approach works technically with any MRC model and has potential in tasks involving processing long texts.
The Impacts of Village Fund Direct Cash Assistance Distribution Implementation during the COVID-19
Authors: Utami Rizki Mita , Indiahono Dwiyanto , Noviko Sendy
Published: September 2023

Direct cash assistance has often been criticized for its limited impact in the long-term community empowerment. However during the Covid-19 pandemic this method of assistance was deemed necessary to help the poor survive. This article discusses the implementation of the Village Fund Direct Cash Assistance (Bantuan Langsung Tunai-Dana Desa/BLT-DD) policy during COVID-19 pandemic in Sokawera Village, Banyumas Regency. The study aimed to determine the impacts of implementation of the BLT-DD policy in Sokawera Village. A descriptive qualitative method was selected for the study, and the research was conducted in Sokawera Village, Cilongok District, Banyumas Regency, Central Java. Study data were collected through interviews, observations, and documentation. The results showed that target groups felt appropriate benefits of the BLT-DD and are satisfied bottom-up decision making approach of the program. Based on the discussions attended by program implementers, namely village officials, village council (BPD), community unit heads (Ketua RW), neighborhood unit heads (Ketua RT) and community leaders, human resource capacity was deemed adequate to implement the policy and there was no influence of power or interests among implementers that affect policy implementation. The strategy adopted in implementing the policy is to conduct an awareness campaign and establish cooperation between the stakeholders. The study discovered several obstacles, namely the misuse of BLT-DD benefits, distribution delays, limited budget resulting in limited distribution, non-compliance of certain implementers, and the emergence of social envy among residents. The implication of this study is that the government can develop an application system that can help identify the target group correctly. In addition, the government must also ensure the availability of a budget for the poor, so that assistance can cover poor families as the overall target group.
The Composite Abstract Lexical Structure of Interlanguage and Its Implications for Second Language Acquisition
Authors: Wei Longxing
Published: September 2023

This paper explores the nature of interlanguage with a focus on its lexical structure in relation to second language acquisition. The lexical structure of any language is assumed to be ‘abstract’ in that the mental lexicon contains ‘lemmas’, which are pieces of information about individual lexemes at three abstract levels: lexical-conceptual structure, predicate-argument structure, and morphological realization patterns. The abstract lexical structure of IL is assumed to be ‘composite’ in that during the process of second language acquisition several linguistic systems are in contact, each of which contributes different amounts to interlanguage (i.e., the developing linguistic system). This study claims that lemmas are language-specific and the bilingual mental lexicon contains cross-linguistic lemmas at each of these abstract levels. It further claims that bilingual lemmas are in contact in interlanguage production, and it is cross-lemma variations in the composite abstract lexical structure of interlanguage which induce learner errors. Naturally occurring interlanguage production data for the study include several first and second language pairs. Based on the research findings, this study concludes that interlanguage variations are driven by an incompletely acquired abstract lexical structure of a target language and offers some implications for second language acquisition.
Innovation and its Role in Success of an Organizations
Authors: Khan Sara
Published: September 2023

In every organization, innovation stands as a paramount concern, with its indispensable role in driving market advancement and coordination. The application of innovation spans across all facets of human endeavor, encompassing product development, managerial methodologies, and operational approaches, among others. Within the various definitions attributed to innovation, a consistent theme emerges: the alteration or enhancement of processes or products. Innovation embarks on a journey commencing from the conception of an idea and progressing through planning, ultimately culminating in the emergence of a novel function. This process distinctly sets innovation apart from mere creation. It is pivotal to recognize that innovation and creativity are distinct entities. This document delves into the significance of innovation and its pivotal role in fostering the growth, viability, and triumph of organizations.
Несколько замечаний о монгольских переводах с тибетского языка
Authors:   National Research University Higher School of Economics (Bldg. 3, 21/4, Staraya Basmannaya St., 105066 Moscow, Russian Federation), Tsendina Anna D. ,   Kalmyk Scientific Center of the RAS (8, Ilishkin St., 358000 Elista, Russian Federation)
Published: September 2023

Introduction. Translations from Tibetan had been of great importance for the making of Mongolian literature. Translation as cultural phenomenon influenced the shaping of standard Mongolian, gave rise to terminological clusters in different spheres of written language, such as philosophy, medicine, astrology, etc. The principles of translation that had emerged in the period of Buddhism’s dissemination in Mongolia still remain instrumental enough in performing translations from other foreign languages. Translations from Tibetan of historical, hagiographical, narrative and other compositions constituted an essential part in the reading agenda of Mongols to further influence the latter’s culture at large. So, Mongolian literature entered the literary zone of northern Buddhism. Goals. The study seeks to raise a question on delineation — with certain frames and peculiarities — of Mongolian national literature. We should also keep in mind that some parts of literature stay beyond this zone and were only partially influenced by the examined phenomenon — historical literature, recorded (and published) epic narratives, folk ritual literature, etc. Results. Our insight into the complex of various traditions demarcates the originality of medieval literature of Mongols. So, translations from the Tibetan language can be considered as a fact of Mongolian culture, as a special feature in the development of Mongolian written traditions — but not as part of Mongolian literature proper.
О текстах Манджушри из Научного архива Калмыцкого научного центра РАН (по материалам коллекции Э. Б. Убушиева)
Authors:   Kalmyk Scientific Center of the RAS (8, Ilishkin St., 358000 Elista, Russian Federation), Muzraeva Deliash N.
Published: September 2023

Introduction. The study of the pantheon of deities — along with the corpus of related texts once used by Kalmyk Buddhists — is still an underdeveloped field of Oriental studies. The image of bodhisattva Manjushri is a most revered one among Kalmyk followers of Tibetan Buddhism. Goals. The article aims to describe, transliterate and translate a sample narrative reflecting the cult of veneration of the mentioned bodhisattva. Materials. The text is one of the many written sources once donated by E. B. Ubushiev (Agvan Tabdan). Results. The article provides a list of texts dedicated to Manjushri in the Kangyur, in translations authored by Ven. Zaya Pandita Namkhai Jamtso, and also briefly reviews some Manjushri-related texts currently included in Kalmykia’s collections. The completed translation of the Dhāraṇī Sworn by Manjushri, as well as another text to be mentioned (Instructions [Delivered] by Saint Manjushri), may serve as vivid evidence of the reverence this deity of the Buddhist pantheon is granted by the Kalmyks.
В «образе Другого»: буряты в русской массовой литературе XXI в.
Authors:   Institute for Mongolian, Buddhist and Tibetan Studies, Siberian Branch of the RAS (6, Sakhyanova St., 670047 Ulan-Ude, Russian Federation), Zhambalova Sesegma G. , Tsyrenova Marina Ts. ,   Moscow Pedagogical State University (1/1, Malaya Pirogovskaya St., 119991 Moscow, Russian Federation)
Published: September 2023

Introduction. Contemporary Russian popular literature shows a trend to depict non-Russian citizens as minor and negative characters, the malign features proper being often somewhat attributed to race and ethnicity. Goals. The study provides an insight into the image of Buryats in Russian popular literature of the twenty first century, since some of the identified narratives can artificially ignite xenophobia in Russian society. Materials and methods. The article examines a variety of literary and research material, published field data collected by S. Zhambalova and N. Igaue, online sources. The employed methods comprise those of historical imagology and theory of stigmatization. Results. The considered detective novel (Taxi for an Angel) by V. Platova depicts four Buryats and one German as ‘othered’ — secondary and negative characters. Body-related portrayals are adversely supplemented with elements of Buryat mythology, religion, and ethnography. As for the work by I. Stogoff, he articulates therein some negative impressions of his stay in Buryatia. And both the literary compositions are abundant in critical accounts of Buddhism, Buddhists, and Ivolginsky Datsan. Discussion. The examined narratives are distinguished by xenophobia towards Buryats and basically contradict the state of the art, Russia’s Constitution, current nationalities policies of the Government, and may threaten interethnic relations. The bulk of Buryats are Russian citizens successfully integrated into global contexts, and the negative public stigmatization of one indigenous people attests to rudiments of the post-Soviet self-stigmatization of Russia are still there. Conclusions. Both the books are products of early twenty-first-century literature characterized by identity crisis — and bear traces of nationalism and ethnocentrism. Images of the Other attributed to Buryats are toll opinion-based, questionable, and falsify the actual present-day interethnic agenda in Russia. Like other indigenous communities, Buryats are civilized members of the contemporary world, while the manifested stigmas may adversely influence intra-nation harmony. Such publications and nation-wide self-stigmatization in Russian popular literature are definitely inadmissible.
Благопожелание чаю в современной калмыцкой лирике: фольклорный аспект
Authors:   Kalmyk Scientific Center of the RAS (8, Ilishkin St., 358000 Elista, Russian Federation), Khaninova Rimma M.
Published: September 2023

Introduction. The article examines the genre of tea well-wishes in contemporary Kalmyk lyric poetry through the prism of folklore tradition. The fact that the theme has been somewhat understudied from the latter perspective makes the work relevant enough. Goals. The article aims to investigate the folklore aspect in Kalmyk poets’ narratives addressing Kalmyk tea. Materials and methods. The paper analyzes related Kalmyk- and Russian-language poems by contemporary Kalmyk poets representing different generations. The study shall examine a number of folklore genres, such as tea well-wishes, proverbs, sayings, and three-part (ternary) poems. The main methods employed are historical-literary, historical-functional, comparative analysis ones, and that of descriptive poetics. Results. In modern Kalmyk lyric poetry, the mentioned genre is represented by a number of poems dealing with ethnic foods. These are texts in Kalmyk and Russian created by poets of different generations — elderly and young ones. In terms of genre, literary tea well-wishes — like the latter’s folklore analogues — largely tend to synthesize different patterns: these often resemble yöräls (well-wishes) and magtals (praises), sometimes — tea well-wishes proper (Kalm. цәәд тәвх йөрәл) and farewell well-wishes (Kalm. хаалhин йөрәл). Conclusions. Tea well-wishes authored by Kalmyk poets describe offerings to ancestors, deities, as well as treats to guests, which reveals the primacy and undeniable significance of tea in rituals, rites, and hospitality. In the folklore tradition, representative texts addressing Kalmyk tea have been created mainly by elderly and middle-aged poets fluent in mother tongue, familiar with oral folklore, customs, rituals, and beliefs of ancestors.
An Implementation of The Method of Moments on Chemical Systems with Constant and Time-dependent Rates
Authors:   University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, Adara Emmanuel O. , Sidje Roger B. ,   University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa
Published: September 2023

Among numerical techniques used to facilitate the analysis of biochemical reactions, we can use the method of moments to directly approximate statistics such as the mean numbers of molecules. The method is computationally viable in time and memory, compared to solving the chemical master equation (CME) which is notoriously expensive. In this study, we apply the method of moments to a chemical system with a constant rate representing a vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) model, as well as another system with time-dependent propensities representing the susceptible, infected, and recovered (SIR) model with periodic contact rate. We assess the accuracy of the method using comparisons with approximations obtained by the stochastic simulation algorithm (SSA) and the chemical Langevin equation (CLE). The VEGF model is of interest because of the role of VEGF in the growth of cancer and other inflammatory diseases and the potential use of anti-VEGF therapies in the treatment of cancer. The SIR model is a popular epidemiological model used in studying the spread of various infectious diseases in a population.
Use of interpolation methods for modeling the stress-strain state of operated oil storage tanks
Authors: Konopatskiy Evgeniy V. , Krysko Alexandra A. , Shevchuk Oksana A.
Published: September 2023

The aim of the research is the comparison of two approaches for computer modeling of the stress-strain state of thin-walled shells of engineering structures, considering the imperfections of the geometric shapes arising due to their operation. The object of the study is the operated steel vertical cylindrical reservoir with imperfections of the geometric shape intended for storage of petroleum products. The first, so-called classical, approach provides geometric modeling of the surface of the tank's shell with the subsequent import of the geometric model into one of the systems of finite element analysis to calculate the stress-strain state of the structure and determine its technical condition, and the possibility of further operation. The geometric modeling of the shell surface with imperfections was performed using a two-dimensional interpolation method based on the 1st order smoothness outlines implemented in the point calculus. The calculation of the stress-strain state of the shell was carried out in the SCAD Office computer complex, taking into account geometric and structural non-linearity on the basis of the octahedral tangential stress theory. The second approach assumes modeling of an array of functions of vertical deflection of the tank wall by means of interpolation, solution of an array of differential equations of the elastic cylindrical shell under axisymmetric loading, improved by introduction of vertical deflection functions of the wall, followed by two-dimensional interpolation and analysis of the deformed state of the shell based on displacements arising in the tank wall from the hydrostatic load. As a result of the effective use of two-dimensional interpolation in the process of implementing the second approach, it was possible to achieve a significant increase in the speed of the numerical solution while maintaining sufficient accuracy for engineering calculations.
Theory of short-term and long-term resistance of structures based on the principle of plastic fracture
Authors: Beglov Alexander D. , Sanzharovskiy Rudolf S. , Ter-Emmanuilyan Tatyana N.
Published: September 2023

The authors analyze the theory used in many countries, containing two independent directions: 1) the theory of stability of rod systems, including flat frames; 2) the theory of calculation of structural elements from various materials. The main feature of these theories is the application of the principle of plastic fracture. The assumption about a plastic hinge, due to the inconsistency with the experimental data, is supplemented by the incorrect application of theories of infinite elastic deformations, as well as of infinite creep deformations, which are incompatible with this hinge. Using the rules of mathematics, the principles of mechanics and the results of reliable experiments, it has been revealed that the analyzed theory contains several theories for different applications that reject each other, including the erroneous ones.
Critical Success Factors of Building Materials Availability at Construction Sites Using a Qualitative Approach
Authors: M.H. Hanafi, , S. Abdullah, , R. Hasan, , H. Ahmad, , A. Rauzana,
Published: September 2023

One of the most important elements in carrying out construction activities is the maintenance of the status of availability of construction materials at the construction site. If it fails to be prepared and maintained, the workers will not be able to perform their tasks. In fact, the motivation to perform a task will be lost and it will take a long time to return. Therefore, the objective of this paper is to identify the critical success factors of material availability at the construction site. A qualitative study in the form of interviews was conducted to thirty-eight construction contractors, including fifteen suppliers who met the selection criteria of this study. The results of the study revealed six critical success factors of material availability on the construction site. These factors include the contractor's current financial status; relationship (tolerance) between contractor and supplier; work planning and scheduling; good communication between main contractors and sub-contractors, and suppliers; availability of building materials in supplier's storage; and the availability of machines, machinery and trucks. All these critical success factors that have been obtained support the findings of previous studies in the context of the availability of materials at the construction site.
PERSPECTIVE OF NIGERIAN BUILDING AND CIVIL ENGINEERING CONTRACTORS ON THE DETERMINANTS OF FIRM PROFITABILITY
Authors: Asuquo Christian , Ogbu Chukwuemeka
Published: September 2023

Profitability is crucial to the success, growth and survival of construction firms. This study investigated the factors affecting the profitability of construction contractors in Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria. It also determined if there are differences in the perspectives of building and civil engineering contractors on the important factors affecting profitability. Data were collected with the aid of a well-structured questionnaire and were analysed using mean score and Mann-Whitney U test. A total of 173 adequately completed questionnaires were analysed. Turnover or volume of sale of the contracting firm is considered as the most important factor influencing contractors’ profitability, while other key factors include low profit margin of projects, contractor’s productivity and shortage of working capital or liquidity issue. Findings also revealed that there is a difference in the perception of building and civil engineering construction contractors on most of the factors affecting profitability of contracting firms. It is recommended that that construction contractor should create a work bank or increase the amount of construction work at hand in order to keep turnover flowing steady. In addition, the distinction between building and civil engineering contracts should be recognised when considering the factors affecting contractors’ profitability.
Revivir el patrimonio extinto a partir de la contigüidad de lo virtual
Authors: Villa-Carrero Juan Manuel
Published: September 2023

Este estudio plantea interrogantes acerca de la idea de considerar un bien de interés cultural como perdido, únicamente debido a la desaparición de su componente material del plano sensible. Sostiene que, a través de la preservación de fragmentos de memoria (información-engramas), es posible lograr su reintegración en un formato digital. En consecuencia, se contempla la posibilidad de sumergirse y extenderse en el mundo natural. En este contexto, se propone mantener la narrativa del patrimonio inmueble en el ámbito virtual como estrategia de preservación, conservación e investigación, aprovechando las tecnologías digitales contemporáneas. Siguiendo esta línea de pensamiento, el estudio busca observar, experimentar y analizar, en consonancia con el enfoque aristotélico, los cambios sustanciales y accidentales experimentados por la esencia o forma de estos BIC_i durante el proceso de movimiento de esta información de una realidad a otra, sin que por esto pierda su capacidad de revestir materia con capacidad de reemplazo. Esta capacidad se fundamenta en la existencia continua y ubicación del bien. En otras palabras, un bien material deja de ser el mismo cuando pierde su continuidad narrativa o se desvincula del sujeto o de las coordenadas espaciales que lo albergaban. En resumen, se establece la posibilidad de revivir un BIC_i desaparecido mediante el uso de dispositivos de memoria y tecnologías digitales. Esto permite materializar recuerdos en el mundo real sin perder su identidad, lo que se logra a través de una técnica de relevo narrativo. Por lo tanto, un BIC_i perdido puede ser reemplazado o reconstruido según sea necesario, de manera similar a evocar un recuerdo.
O legado de Paulo Freire: uma análise da obra pedagogia da autonomia
Authors: Buriti Erinaldo
Published: September 2023

Paulo Freire nasceu em Recife, Pernambuco, no dia 19 de setembro de 1921. Formou-se em Direito na Faculdade de Direito do Recife. Tinha preocupação com o grande número de adultos analfabetos. Por seu empenho em ensinar os mais pobres, criou um método baseado no vocabulário de cada região. Tornou-se uma inspiração para gerações de professores, especialmente na América Latina e na África.
Em questão a alfabetização no Brasil: Entrevista a João Batista Oliveira
Authors: Vanzig Alceu
Published: September 2023

João Batista Oliveira, presidente do Instituto Alfa e Beto, dedica-se há muito tempo em entender o cenário de fracassos por que passa a alfabetização no Brasil e, ainda, em propor um ensino eficaz, baseado em evidências. Sua atuação no meio educacional foi reconhecido, no segundo semestre de 2006, com o Prêmio Darcy Ribeiro de Educação. Esse prêmio foi criado em 1988 com o objetivo de reconhecer pessoas e entidades cujos trabalhos mereceram destaque especial  na defesa e na promoção da educação brasileira. Em meio a intensos compromissos profissionais, João Batista respondeu à equipe da Língua Nostra a intrigantes e prementes questões relativas à alfabetização. No cenário preocupante por que passa o ensino inicial da leitura e da escrita, os leitores da Língua Nostra poderão conhecer o que pensa esse renomado pesquisador.
Uma importante introdução sobre linguística
Authors: De Oliveira Maria Elizete Melo
Published: September 2023

O livro O que é Linguística, de Eni Puccinelli Orland, fala da linguagem de um modo geral e de sua importância para cada pessoa, e para a sociedade visando aprofundamento linguístico para uma melhor compreensão sobre tudo que envolve este vasto campo de comunicação. As principais teses desenvolvida na obra da autora é a importância do saber e o poder para o homem, o conhecimento do que é e o que não é linguística, as duas obras de Saussure e nenhuma publicação, a variedade de funções, a teoria científica explicativa de Chomsky, a contribuição e valor social e cultural para a linguística, a análise do discurso e as tecnologias da linguagem. Todas estas teses formam em pouco volume uma grande quantidade de informações sobre a linguística
ORIENTAÇÕES NO TRABALHO DE PARTO: PERCEPÇÃO DAS PARTURIENTES
Authors: Araújo Carolina Mendes Cruz , Lima Bruna Nunes Costa , Falcão Emanuela Gomes , Belchior Roberta Vitorino , Pinho Cleiton Machado , Oliveira Samira Gomes , Albuquerque Conceição de Maria de
Published: September 2023

Introdução: A orientação a parturiente em trabalho de parto visa uma segurança e
tranquilidade durante o processo de parturição, diminuindo o medo, e os riscos para o binômio
mãe e filho, no qual devem ser advindos a parturiente durante o período que antecede ao parto,
acarretando um maior domínio da mulher sobre si mesma e todo o processo de trabalho de parto. O
desempenho da enfermeira obstétrica é de grande importância, pois são responsáveis pela
orientação e informação durante o trabalho de parto, respeitando sempre as decisões escolhidas
pela mulher. Objetivo: Conhecer a percepção das parturientes no tocante às orientações recebidas
na sala de parto e investigar a necessidade de informação sobre o trabalho de parto pelas
parturientes; Metodologia: Estudo descritivo com abordagem qualitativa realizado com vinte e
cinco parturientes na Classificação de Risco e Sala de Parto do Hospital Distrital Gonzaga Mota
de Messejana. Realizouse a coleta de dados mediante a observação não participante e a aplicação
de uma entrevista semiestruturada. Para a análise dos dados elegeu-se a categorização.
Resultado: Após a validação dos dados, mediante a descrição das entrevistas sobre o entendimento
das parturientes sobre o trabalho de parto e sinais, identificou-se por categorias: Redução da
Tensão da Hospitalização, Aperfeiçoamento das Informações, Orientações quanto ao pródromo de
trabalho de parto, Identificação do Trabalho de Parto, Profissionais Desmotivando o Interesse
por informação e as parturientes em busca de informações. Considerações finais: Percebe-se a
relevância da comunicação entre as parturientes e os profissionais de saúde para melhor
conhecimento acerca dos sinais e sintomas do trabalho de parto e como todo o processo de
parturição acontece para que elas possam se sentir seguras e informadas para passar por todo o
processo de parturição.
EXPERIÊNCIA DE ATENDIMENTO COM AURICULOTERAPIA EM PACIENTES COM DOR: POSSIBILIDADES DE
CUIDADO DE ENFERMAGEM EM UNIDADE DE TERAPIA INTENSIVA
Authors: Carvalho Cláutenis Rios Da Mota De , Vieira Daniele Vasconcelos Fernandes , Costa Marcélid Berto da , Freitas Gislene Holanda de , Barbieri Fábio Henrique do Amaral , Reis Camila Santos , Oliveira Jeania Lima
Published: September 2023

Objetivo: Relatar a experiência da aplicação da auriculoterapia em pacientes com dor.
Metodologia: Trata-se de um relato de experiência o qual tem o desígnio de relatar a atividade
prática de auriculoterapia com 10 pacientes vivenciada pelas autoras em um hospital público de
Fortaleza. O instrumento utilizado para os atendimentos se caracterizou como questionário e foi
elaborado pelos autores para avaliar o perfil sociodemográficos dos pacientes e aspectos
relacionados a auriculoterapia (nível de conhecimento, aplicabilidade da técnica, queixas
principais, efeitos imediatos, recentes e tardios da auriculoterapia dentre outros). Resultados:
Foi possível aplicar a auriculoterapia nos pacientes que chegavam na demanda do setor, cumprindo
corretamente o passo a passo desde a escuta a punção com as agulhas de acupuntura podendo-se
observar durante suas miríades de alívio e ouvir seus relatos de bem-estar. Observou-se que
todos os pacientes que referiram quadros álgicos relataram melhoras de seus quadros, os que
relataram cansaço mental e estresse tal prática demonstrou-se eficaz por seus relatos e ao
paciente que não tinha nenhuma queixa e desconhecimento quanto a prática relatou bem-estar.
Conclusão: De forma geral, a auriculoterapia exprimiu sua eficácia em todos os pacientes, uma
terapia não onerosa e idônea podendo ser aplicada em várias situações no âmbito da saúde,
podendo ser de bastante relevância sua aplicabilidade em acompanhantes de pacientes internados
na unidade de terapia intensiva.
O ENFERMEIRO E SUA ATUAÇÃO NA GESTÃO EM SAÚDE
Authors: Noronha Edgleusson Coelho , Lima Reângela Cíntia Rodrigues de Oliveira
Published: September 2023

Objetiva-se descrever a atuação do enfermeiro na gestão em saúde. Trata-se de uma pesquisa
bibliográfica, de natureza qualitativa e teórica abordando aspectos históricos, conceituais e
organizativos. A busca bibliográfica para composição desta pesquisa foi realizada através de
estudos disponíveis na Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações (BDTD) e Biblioteca Virtual em
Saúde (BVS) nas bases Banco de Dados Medical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System Online
(MEDLINE), Literatura Latino Americana e do Caribe em Ciências da Saúde (LILACS) e Base de Dados
da Enfermagem (BDENF) em março de 2022. Para agregação do presente estudo foram considerados
também como materiais de suporte, livros que contemplassem o objetivo proposto. Para a seleção
dos artigos foram seguidas as etapas: leitura dos títulos na íntegra e seleção daqueles que
tinham relação com o objetivo proposto; posteriormente, realizou-se a leitura dos resumos
selecionando os mais pertinentes à temática em estudo e, por último, leitura dos artigos
completos. A amostra que respondeu ao problema da pesquisa totalizou 107 artigos na BVS, 40
teses e dissertações, dos quais 27 foram lidos por completo e selecionados como suporte
eletrônico. A partir dos critérios de inclusão e exclusão os estudos foram separados e
discutidos em categorias: Desafios e Limitações na Gestão em Saúde; Importância do enfermeiro
gestor nas instâncias de saúde; Papel do enfermeiro como gestor e líder e Políticas e
tecnologias de gestão nos serviços de saúde. Segundo análise dos dados obtidos nas categorias, o
enfermeiro deve ser capaz de traçar e desenvolver estratégias e ações que favoreçam a qualidade
da assistência, mantendo-se uma boa relação interpessoal e que saiba executar com mais
competência as questões burocráticas que exigem um maior entendimento do profissional em gestão.
Entende-se que as políticas e tecnologias de gestão nos serviços de saúde são importantes para
identificação dos desafios e limitações. Destaca-se a construção de novos conhecimentos em
gestão, por ser favorável à melhoria na prestação de serviços.
Firm value: Competitive position and corporate governance during the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Setiany Erna , Utami Wiwik , Zamzami Annisa Hakim
Published: September 2023

This study aims to investigate the impact of competitive positions and corporate governance on firm values. Corporate governance is proxied by the board of commissioner’s size, the board of commissioner’s independence, institutional ownership, and foreign ownership. The company’s competitive position is determined by its market share. Tobin’s Q is utilized to determine a firm value. In addition, firm size, leverage, and profitability served as control factors. A total of 100 manufacturing companies in Indonesia for the 2019–2021 period were selected as samples using a random sampling technique. Multiple linear regression is utilized for data analysis. The finding shows competition and foreign ownership have no effect on the firm value. While the board size and independence of the board and institutional ownership can impact the firm’s value. The results of this study reveal that during the COVID-19 outbreak, the competitive position cannot aid enterprises in attaining their objective of increasing firm value. This result indicates the anomalous condition affecting the competitive standing during the COVID-19 era. In this period, severe competition poses a challenge to a company’s ability to generate a sustainable income, despite the fact that market conditions and competitive strategy might provide a competitive edge and better performance.
Molecular profiling of chemical signals enhancing plant invasion by shaping mutualistic associations
Authors: Tian Baoliang , Pei Yingchun , Li Weiqiang , Zhang Junli , Zhang Shulin , Ding Jianqing , Zhang Xuebin , Siemann Evan
Published: September 2023

Chemical signals are crucial in mediating ecological and evolutionary
adaptation of plants to their environments. Invasive plants can release
distinct secondary metabolite mixtures in their new ranges, enhancing
their mutualistic interactions and improving their performance, but
genetic mechanisms of such adaptations are unexplored. We used
Triadica sebifera plants to investigate evolutionary changes in
chemical signals (flavonoids and strigolactones) that enhance arbuscular
mycorrhizal (AM) fungal associations. We found plants from invasive
populations produced higher concentrations of the flavonoid quercetin
and the strigolactone 5-deoxystrigol, and had higher AM fungal
colonization rates and biomass, relative to those from native
populations. Also, applications of either chemical increased AM fungal
colonization. Higher expression of genes in flavonoid (FLS) and
strigolactone (CCD8) biosynthesis pathways that increased levels
of quercetin and 5-deoxystrigol, respectively, were confirmed. These
results provide insights into genetic mechanisms that contribute to
higher AM fungal colonization and plant invasion success.
Characteristics associated with objective gustatory dysfunction in patients with subjective chemosensory dysfunction
Authors: Min Hyun Jin , Kim Kyung Soo , Kwak Il-Youp
Published: September 2023

Intro: Evaluation of gustatory dysfunction is important in
patients with subjective chemosensory dysfunction, especially for
geriatrics. This study investigated the clinical characteristics
associated with objective gustatory dysfunction in patients with
chemosensory dysfunction. Methods: The Medical records of
patients who visited the smell and taste center in a tertiary medical
center were reviewed. Patients who underwent all the psychophysical
olfactory and chemical gustatory function tests and the subjective
questionnaire about chemosensory function were enrolled in this study.
The clinical characteristics associated with the objective diagnosis of
gustatory dysfunction were statistically analyzed. Results: A
total of 219 patients were enrolled; 180 were objectively diagnosed as
having normal gustatory function, and 39 were objectively diagnosed as
having gustatory dysfunction. Subjective recognition of gustatory
function was not associated with objective gustatory function. Age, sex,
objective olfactory function, and the threshold and discrimination
scores for the olfactory function test were significant factors in the
multivariate analysis. When the patients were further divided according
to age, the threshold test scores rather than other subsets in the
olfactory function test were significantly associated with objective
gustatory dysfunction in patients 60 and older. Conclusion: In
older adult male patients with olfactory dysfunction, gustatory function
should be considered regardless of subjective gustatory dysfunction.