bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Urea cycle disorder misdiagnosed as multiple sclerosis: a case report and review of the literature
Authors: Algahtani Hussein , Alameer Seham , Marzouk Yousef , Shirah Bader
Published: June 2017

Urea cycle disorders are a group of inborn errors of metabolism caused by dysfunction of any of the six enzymes or two transport proteins involved in urea biosynthesis. In this paper, we report a patient who presented with neurological dysfunction and coma in the immediate postpartum period. She was misdiagnosed for many years as a case of multiple sclerosis. The importance of reporting this case is to illustrate that the wrong diagnosis of patients as being affected with multiple sclerosis for many years due to magnetic resonance imaging abnormalities rather than the classic relapsing–remitting nature of the disease may lead to catastrophic consequences. The patient was treated with intravenous steroids several times, which is contraindicated in patients with urea cycle disorders as it may precipitate acute hyperammonemic attacks. In addition, the management of urea cycle disorder could have started earlier and avoided multiple admissions to the intensive care unit. We believe that the presence of symmetric hyperintense insular cortical changes are seen in multiple hyperammonemic processes, and in the context of the clinical presentation and high ammonia levels can be suggestive of a urea cycle disorder. For any patient presenting with atypical clinical features, images should be reviewed and discussed in detail with an experienced neuroradiologist. In addition, the ammonia levels should be checked if a urea cycle disorder is suspected.
Provoked Eagle syndrome after dental procedure: A review of the literature
Authors: Li Shuo , Blatt Neeraj , Jacob Jubin , Gupta Nishant , Kumar Yogesh , Smith Scott
Published: June 2017

Eagle syndrome is an uncommon condition caused by an elongated ossified styloid process. The majority of individuals with an elongated ossified styloid process are asymptomatic. Therefore, this condition is diagnosed based on clinical presentation, with radiologic imaging serving to confirm the diagnosis. The styloid process is considered elongated if measuring greater than 3 cm, but there is little correlation between length of the styloid process and severity of symptoms. This syndrome was originally described in post-tonsillectomy patients, but has since been seen in other clinical settings. We present a case of Eagle syndrome that became symptomatic after a dental procedure (wisdom teeth removal). A literature review performed with focus on various etiologies of Eagle syndrome diagnosis found a previously published case of Eagle syndrome presenting as pain of dental origin;1 however, no case reports of symptoms arising in a patient post-dental procedure were found in our search.
Optimization of direct anti‐viral agent treatment schedule: Focus on HCV genotype 3
Authors: Morisco Filomena , Granata Rocco , Camera Silvia , Ippolito Antonio , Milella Michele , Conti Fabio , Masetti Chiara , Smedile Antonella , Tundo Paolo , Santantonio Teresa , Valvano Maria Rosa , Termite Antonio , Gatti Pietro , Messina Vincenzo , Iacobellis Angelo , Librandi Marta , Caporaso Nicola , Andriulli Angelo ,   for the ITAL‐C consortium
Published: June 2017

Background and aim

Direct antiviral agents (DAAs) have led to high sustained virological responses (SVR) in hepatitis C virus (HCV) patients. However, genotype 3 patients respond to treatment in a suboptimal way. This study aims to identify which of the several treatment schedules recommended for genotype 3 would constitute the best option.

Methods

Twenty‐four Italian centers were involved in this real‐life study of HCV genotype 3 patients treated with DAAs. To expand the number of cases, we conducted a systematic review of the literature on the outcome of genotype 3 patients treated with DAAs.

Results

A total of 233 patients with HCV genotype 3 were enrolled. Cirrhotic patients accounted for 83.7%. Overall, the SVR12 rate was achieved by 205 patients (88.0%); the SVR rates were 78.8% after sofosbuvir/ribavirin, 92.5% after sofosbuvir/daclatasvir ± ribavirin, and 100% after sofosbuvir/ledipasvir (seven patients). No difference in rate of SVR was observed in cirrhotic and non‐cirrhotic patients (92.2 vs 94.4) using a combination regimen of NS5A and NS5B inhibitors.

The systematic review of the literature provided data of 3311 patients: The mean weighted SVR12 rate was 84.4% (CI: 80.4–87.8); the rates varied from 79.0% (CI: 70.9–85.3) with sofosbuvir/ribavirin, to 83.7% (CI: 66.2–93.1) with sofosbuvir/ledispavir, and to 88.2% (CI: 83.3–91.7) with sofosbuvir/daclatasvir.

Conclusions

Our results reinforce the concept that patients with HCV genotype 3 should no longer be considered difficult‐to‐treat individuals. The optimal therapeutic regimen for these patients appears to be the combination sofosbuvir/daclatasvir, administered for 12 weeks without the use of RBV in non‐cirrhotic patients. In cirrhotics the meta‐analytic approach suggests extending therapy to 24 weeks.
A Survey on Chemical Constituents and Indications of Aromatic Waters Soft Drinks (Hydrosols) Used in Persian Nutrition Culture and Folk Medicine for Neurological Disorders and Mental Health
Authors: Hamedi Azadeh , Pasdaran Ardalan , Zebarjad Zahra , Moein Mahmoodreza
Published: June 2017

In Persian nutrition culture, drinking aromatic waters (hydrosols, distillate) has a long history as functional beverages or therapeutic remedies. The co-distilled water with essential oils, which contains partial amounts of more water-soluble volatile compounds are diluted and used as beverages. Since the solubility of volatile components is different in water, the overall composition, and thus the biological activities of aromatic waters seem to be different from the essential oils they were co-distilled with. Despite the essential oils, chemical constituents of many aromatic waters have not been evaluated scientifically. This research investigated hydrosols used for mental and neurological health maintenance in Persian nutrition culture and their chemical constituents. Constitutions of these hydrosols were extracted by liquid/liquid extraction method and identified by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry. Furthermore, cluster analysis was used to evaluate the relevance of these hydrosols chemical constituents. About 93 compounds were identified from 20 aromatic waters. the major or second major constituents were thymol (azarol howthorn, frankincense, lemon balm, valerian, shadab), phenethyl alcohol (damask rose, dog-rose, starflower), carvacrol (basil, creeping buttercup, lemon balm); eugenol (shadab, dog-rose, starflower, basil), camphor (yarrow and wormwood), carvone (oriental plane), caryophyllene (cuminum), cinnamaldehyde (Chinese cinnamon), p-cymen-7-ol (musk willow), limonene (lemon verbena), linalool and α-terpineol (bitter orange), menthol (date palm) and methyl 5-vinylnicotinate (olive). Although, these hydrosols prepared from plants belong to different genus and families, but cluster analysis showed obvious similarities between their chemical constituents. Results of this investigation showed in many cases that the constituents of aromatic waters are different from the pure essential oil.
Early Graft Tunnel Healing After Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction With Intratunnel Injection of Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cells and Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor
Authors: Setiawati Rosy , Utomo Dwikora Novembri , Rantam Fedik Abdul , Ifran Nadia Nastassia , Budhiparama Nicolaas C.
Published: June 2017

Background:

Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BM-MSCs) are multipotent adult stem cells and have become an important source of cells for engineering tissue repair and cell therapy. Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) promotes angiogenesis and contributes fibrous integration between tendon and bone during the early postoperative stage. Both MSCs and VEGF can stimulate cell proliferation, differentiation, and matrix deposition by enhancing angiogenesis and osteogenesis of the graft in the tunnel.

Hypothesis:

Injection of intratunnel BM-MSCs and VEGF enhances the early healing process of a tendon graft.

Study Design:

Controlled laboratory study.

Methods:

In this controlled animal laboratory study, each of 4 groups of rabbits underwent unilateral anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction with use of the ipsilateral semitendinosus tendon. The rabbits received intratunnel injection of BM-MSCs and VEGF with a fibrin glue seal covering the distal tunnel at the articular site. Evaluation using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), collagen type III expression, and biomechanical analyses were performed at 3- and 6-week intervals.

Results:

All parameters using MRI, collagen type III expression, and biomechanical analysis of pullout strength of the graft showed that application of intratunnel BM-MSCs and VEGF enhanced tendon-to-bone healing after ACL reconstruction.

Conclusion:

Intratunnel injections of BM-MSCs and VEGF after ACL reconstruction enhanced graft tunnel healing. Overall, the femoral tunnel that received BM-MSCs and VEGF had better advanced healing with increased collagen type III fibers and better outcomes on MRI and biomechanical analysis. MRI is the most reliable tool for clinical use in evaluating stages of ACL healing after reconstruction, since biopsy is an invasive procedure.
Return to Play and Player Performance After Anterior Cruciate Ligament Injury in Elite Australian Rules Football Players
Authors: Liptak Matthew G. , Angel Kevin R.
Published: June 2017

Background:

Australian Rules football is a highly aerobic and anaerobic game that at times requires players to perform cutting or pivoting maneuvers, potentially exposing them to anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury. At present, there are limited data available addressing the impact of ACL injury on return to play and preinjury form after ACL reconstruction.

Purpose:

To determine the prevalence of ACL injury and the incidence of further ACL injury, and to consider player return to play and return to preinjury form after ACL reconstruction. It was hypothesized that elite-level Australian Football League (AFL) players do not return to preinjury form until, at minimum, 2 years after returning to play.

Study Design:

Case series; Level of evidence, 4.

Methods:

A retrospective analysis was undertaken on a cohort of elite AFL players who injured their ACL between 1990 and 2000. Return to play after ACL reconstruction was determined by the mean number of ball disposals, or release of the ball by the hand or foot, at 1, 2, and 3 years after return to play and compared with preinjury form. Associations between player and injury characteristics, method of reconstruction, and outcomes (return to play, preinjury form, and further ACL injury) were examined.

Results:

During the included seasons, a total of 2723 AFL players were listed. Of these, 131 (4.8%) sustained an ACL injury, with 115 players eligible for inclusion. Of 115 players, 26% did not return to elite competition, while 28% of those who did return experienced further ACL injury. The adjusted mean number of disposals (± standard error of the mean) was significantly lower at 1 year (12.21 ± 0.63; P = .003), 2 years (12.09 ± 0.65; P = .008), and 3 years (11.78 ± 0.77; P = .01) after return to play compared with preinjury (14.23 ± 0.67). On average, players did not return to preinjury form by 3 years ( P < .01). Players aged 30 years or older were less likely to return to play compared with younger players ( P = .0002), moderate-weight players were more likely to return to play compared with lighter-weight players ( P = .007), and there were significantly increased odds of not returning to play if the dominant side was injured (odds ratio, 0.10; 95% CI, 0.03-0.34; P = .0002).

Conclusion:

On average, AFL players do not return to their preinjury form after ACL injury and reconstruction, a common injury in this sporting population. This along with the high occurrence of reinjury highlights the career-threatening nature of ACL injury for elite AFL players.
Thrombocytopenia in pregnancy
Authors: Cines Douglas B. , Levine Lisa D.
Published: June 2017

Thrombocytopenia develops in 5% to 10% of women during pregnancy or in the immediate postpartum period. A low platelet count is often an incidental feature, but it might also provide a biomarker of a coexisting systemic or gestational disorder and a potential reason for a maternal intervention or treatment that might pose harm to the fetus. This chapter reflects our approach to these issues with an emphasis on advances made over the past 5 to 10 years in understanding and managing the more common causes of thrombocytopenia in pregnancy. Recent trends in the management of immune thrombocytopenia translate into more women contemplating pregnancy while on treatment with thrombopoietin receptor agonists, rituximab, or mycophenylate, which pose known or unknown risks to the fetus. New criteria to diagnose preeclampsia, judicious reliance on measurement of ADAMTS13 to make management decisions in suspected thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura, new evidence supporting the efficacy and safety of anticomplement therapy for atypical hemolytic uremic syndrome during pregnancy, and implications of thrombotic microangiopathies for subsequent pregnancies are evolving rapidly. The goals of the chapter are to help the hematology consultant work through the differential diagnosis of thrombocytopenia in pregnancy based on trimester of presentation, severity of thrombocytopenia, and coincident clinical and laboratory manifestations, and to provide guidance for dealing with some of the more common and difficult diagnostic and management decisions.
The emergence of mesencephalic trigeminal neurons
Authors: Lipovsek Marcela , Ledderose Julia , Butts Thomas , Lafont Tanguy , Kiecker Clemens , Wizenmann Andrea , Graham Anthony
Published: June 2017

Background

The cells of the mesencephalic trigeminal nucleus (MTN) are the proprioceptive sensory neurons that innervate the jaw closing muscles. These cells differentiate close to the two key signalling centres that influence the dorsal midbrain, the isthmus, which mediates its effects via FGF and WNT signalling and the roof plate, which is a major source of BMP signalling as well as WNT signalling.

Methods

In this study, we have set out to analyse the importance of FGF, WNT and BMP signalling for the development of the MTN. We have employed pharmacological inhibitors of these pathways in explant cultures as well as utilising the electroporation of inhibitory constructs in vivo in the chick embryo.

Results

We find that interfering with either FGF or WNT signalling has pronounced effects on MTN development whilst abrogation of BMP signalling has no effect. We show that treatment of explants with either FGF or WNT antagonists results in the generation of fewer MTN neurons and affects MTN axon extension and that inhibition of both these pathways has an additive effect. To complement these studies, we have used in vivo electroporation to inhibit BMP, FGF and WNT signalling within dorsal midbrain cells prior to, and during, their differentiation as MTN neurons. Again, we find that inhibition of BMP signalling has no effect on the development of MTN neurons. We additionally find that cells electroporated with inhibitory constructs for either FGF or WNT signalling can differentiate as MTN neurons suggesting that these pathways are not required cell intrinsically for the emergence of these neurons. Indeed, we also show that explants of dorsal mesencephalon lacking both the isthmus and roof plate can generate MTN neurons. However, we did find that inhibiting FGF or WNT signalling had consequences for MTN differentiation.

Conclusions

Our results suggest that the emergence of MTN neurons is an intrinsic property of the dorsal mesencephalon of gnathostomes, and that this population undergoes expansion, and maturation, along with the rest of the dorsal midbrain under the influence of FGF and WNT signalling.
Arkas: Rapid reproducible RNAseq analysis
Authors: Colombo Anthony R. , J. Triche Jr Timothy , Ramsingh Giridharan
Published: June 2017

The recently introduced Kallisto pseudoaligner has radically simplified the quantification of transcripts in RNA-sequencing experiments.  We offer cloud-scale RNAseq pipelines Arkas-Quantification, and Arkas-Analysis available within Illumina’s BaseSpace cloud application platform which expedites Kallisto preparatory routines, reliably calculates differential expression, and performs gene-set enrichment of REACTOME pathways.  Due to inherit inefficiencies of scale, Illumina's BaseSpace computing platform offers a massively parallel distributive environment improving data management services and data importing.  Arkas-Quantification deploys Kallisto for parallel cloud computations and is conveniently integrated downstream from the BaseSpace Sequence Read Archive (SRA) import/conversion application titled SRA Import.  Arkas-Analysis annotates the Kallisto results by extracting structured information directly from source FASTA files with per-contig metadata, calculates the differential expression and gene-set enrichment analysis on both coding genes and transcripts. The Arkas cloud pipeline supports ENSEMBL transcriptomes and can be used downstream from the SRA Import facilitating raw sequencing importing, SRA FASTQ conversion, RNA quantification and analysis steps.
Massive open online courses in health sciences from Latin American institutions: A need for improvement?
Authors: Culquichicón Carlos , Helguero-Santin Luis M. , Labán-Seminario L. Max , Cardona-Ospina Jaime A. , Aboshady Omar A. , Correa Ricardo
Published: June 2017

Background: Massive open online courses (MOOCs) have undergone exponential growth over the past few years, offering free and worldwide access to high-quality education. We identified the characteristics of MOOCs in the health sciences offered by Latin American institutions (LAIs).

Methods: We screened the eight leading MOOCs platforms to gather their list of offerings. The MOOCs were classified by region and subject. Then, we obtained the following information: Scopus H-index for each institution and course instructor, QS World University Ranking® 2015/16 of LAI, and official language of the course.

Results: Our search identified 4170 MOOCs worldwide. From them, 205 MOOCs were offered by LAIs, and six MOOCs were health sciences related. Most of these courses (n = 115) were offered through Coursera. One health science MOOC was taught by three instructors, of which only one was registered in Scopus (H-index = 0). The remaining five health science MOOCs had solely one instructor (H-index = 4 [0–17]). The Latin American country with the highest participation was Brazil (n = 11).

Conclusion: The contribution of LAI to MOOCs in the health sciences is low.
Continued Voluntary Participation Intention in Firm-Participating Open Source Software Projects
Authors: Ho Shuk Ying , Rai Arun
Published: June 2017

Firm participation in open source software (OSS) development is a noteworthy phenomenon and includes two types of firm-participating OSS projects: community founded (developed from an open project) and spinout (spun out from an information technology firm’s internal project). OSS project leaders implement quality controls to improve the quality of developed products. They may not be aware that their implementation of quality controls produces a side effect—quality controls signal unobservable project quality to volunteers and promote volunteers’ continued participation intentions (VCPI). We focus on two quality controls—accreditation and code acceptance, which, respectively, map to the input and output quality of an OSS project—and compare their respective effects on VCPI in community-founded and spinout projects. We propose that accreditation and code acceptance influence VCPI by signaling unobservable input and output quality to volunteers. As we focus on continued participation, we theorize as to how volunteers’ tenure in OSS projects moderates the relationships between the signaling effects of input and output quality controls and VCPI. Furthermore, we theorize as to how the OSS project type moderates the effects of quality controls on VCPI. We surveyed 304 volunteers from 40 OSS projects and constructed a two-level model of project and developer factors to explain VCPI. Our findings indicate that both accreditation and code acceptance enhance VCPI. The signaling effects on VCPI associated with accreditation decline with volunteer tenure, but those associated with code acceptance do not. Accreditation and code acceptance influence VCPI, with community-founded projects exhibiting weaker direct positive effects and spinout projects exhibiting stronger direct positive effects. We discuss the theoretical and practical implications of these findings.
Impact of Thoracic Endovascular Repair on Pulsatile Aortic Strain in Acute Type B Aortic Dissection
Authors: Nauta Foeke , van Bogerijen Guido , Conti Michele , Trentin Chiara , Moll Frans , Van Herwaarden Joost , Auricchio Ferdinando , Trimarchi Santi
Published: June 2017

Background:
The impact of thoracic endovascular aortic repair (TEVAR) on pulsatile aortic strain remains undetermined in patients with Type B aortic dissection (TBAD). Therefore, we quantified pulsatile aortic strain in TBAD patients and control subjects.

Methods:
We retrospectively analyzed two TBAD patients from our database with cardiac-gated computed tomography angiography imaging available before and after TEVAR and two control subjects (67- and 76-year-old males). Patient 1 (54-year-old female) presented with acute TBAD, and Patient 2 (55-year-old male) had Marfan syndrome and ruptured acute TBAD. Custom-developed software was used to compute aortic length, diameter, and area during the cardiac cycle. Pulsatile strain was calculated as systolic increments of length and circumference divided by corresponding diastolic values.

Results:
Before TEVAR, pulsatile longitudinal strain of the thoracic aorta was lower in TBAD patients (1.4–1.7%) than in control subjects (2.1–4.5%). After TEVAR, pulsatile longitudinal strain increased proximal to the stent-graft by 65% in the arch of Patient 1 and by 70% in the ascending aorta of Patient 2. Pulsatile circumferential strain was elevated in false lumen patency (4.4–6.2%) compared with thrombosed false lumen (1.4–2.1%) or control subjects (0.9–3.3%). Following TEVAR, circumferential measurements within stented segments were deemed unreliable due to artifacts.

Conclusions:
TEVAR led to a considerable increase of pulsatile longitudinal strain proximal to the stent-grafts, and TBAD was associated with longitudinally stiffer aortas, which may be part of the pathophysiology of TEVAR-related complications such as retrograde dissection and aneurysmal dilatation. These preliminary data call for larger prospective studies.
Trends of Manufacturing Systems with Distributed Computing
Authors: Issa Abedalhakeem
Published: June 2017

The industry developed dramatically in the second half of the 20th century, And with it developed and manufacturing systems ranging from manual to fully computerized systems employing information and communication technology (ICT). This fact has made the manufacturing systems to be totally dependent on ICT and therefore these systems have to keep pace with the advancement in ICT. Distributed computing has totally changed the computing paradigm in recent times resulting in rapid employment of these technologies in the manufacturing sector. An important variable in the equation determining the trend of manufacturing technologies is the purchaser choice and preference which has become active recently. To address these heterogeneous user demands, the Autonomous Decentralized System (ADS) concept was introduced five decades ago. The ADS has been a significant development incorporated in modern manufacturing systems and have been standardised as the de-facto standard for factory automation. These systems hold the assure for on-line system maintenance, timeliness and assurance, ensuring greater productivity and cost benefit emerging as the system of choice in automated manufacturing systems. This paper reviews the ADS, its application to a manufacturing system, assesses the state of the art and discusses the future trends.
Stem cell therapy for enhancement of bone consolidation in distraction osteogenesis
Authors: Yang Y. , Lin S. , Wang B. , Gu W. , Li G.
Published: June 2017

Objectives

Distraction osteogenesis (DO) mobilises bone regenerative potential and avoids the complications of other treatments such as bone graft. The major disadvantage of DO is the length of time required for bone consolidation. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have been used to promote bone formation with some good results.

Methods

We hereby review the published literature on the use of MSCs in promoting bone consolidation during DO.

Results

Studies differed in animal type (mice, rabbit, dog, sheep), bone type (femur, tibia, skull), DO protocols and cell transplantation methods.

Conclusion

The majority of studies reported that the transplantation of MSCs enhanced bone consolidation or formation in DO. Many questions relating to animal model, DO protocol and cell transplantation regime remain to be further investigated. Clinical trials are needed to test and confirm these findings from animal studies. Cite this article: Y. Yang, S. Lin, B. Wang, W. Gu, G. Li. Stem cell therapy for enhancement of bone consolidation in distraction osteogenesis: A contemporary review of experimental studies. Bone Joint Res 2017;6:385–390. DOI: 10.1302/2046-3758.66.BJR-2017-0023.
Pengaruh Euthyroid Sick Syndrome pada Mortalitas Anak Sakit Kritis
Authors: Pramana Ony Sapto , Martuti Sri , Soebagyo Bambang
Published: June 2017

Latar belakang. Penelitian di Indonesia tentang pengaruh euthyroid sick syndrome (ESS) pada mortalitas anak memberikan hasil berbeda dan terbatas pada subjek anak dengan sepsis. Tujuan. Menilai pengaruh ESS pada mortalitas dan faktor risiko mortalitas pada anak sakit kritis.Metode. Penelitian kohort prospektif dilakukan pada bulan Mei hingga Juli 2016 di PICU dan HCU RS Dr. Moewardi Surakarta. Sampel 40 anak diambil secara konsekutif. Data dianalisis menggunakan statistik uji x2, uji t, dan regresi logistik dengan program SPSS 20.0.Hasil. Terdapat 40 subjek, 21 anak laki-laki, 25 anak dengan penyakit non bedah dan 27 anak gizi baik. Kejadian ESS terdapat pada 27 (67,5%) anak dan 8 (29,6%) di antaranya meninggal. Faktor risiko yang berhubungan dengan mortalitas adalah skor PELOD ≥20, sepsis dan penggunaan inotropik. Jenis kelamin, usia, status gizi, dan jenis penyakit tidak berhubungan dengan mortalitas. ESS tidak berpengaruh terhadap mortalitas (p=0,120; OR 5,05; IK95%: 0,56-45,64). Hasil analisis multivariat menunjukkan skor PELOD ≥20 merupakan faktor risiko utama mortalitas (p=0,042; OR 14,48; IK95%: 1,10-190,42). ESS tidak berpengaruh terhadap mortalitas (p=0,120; OR 5,05; IK95%: 0,56-45,64). Kesimpulan. Euthyroid sick syndrome tidak berpengaruh pada mortalitas anak sakit kritis, ESS terjadi pada 67,5% anak sakit kritis, dan skor PELOD ≥20 merupakan faktor risiko utama mortalitas.
Profil Kematian Neonatus di RSUD dr. Soetomo
Authors: Djajakusli Shanty , Harianto Agus , Etika Risa , TU Martono
Published: June 2017

Latar belakang. Upaya menurunkan angka kematian neonatus belum optimal sesuai dengan yang ditargetkan MDG’s 2015, yaitu menurunkan angka kematian neonatus menjadi 23/1000 kelahiran hidup. Tujuan. Mengetahui profil kematian neonatus berdasarkan faktor maternal, faktor neonatal, sosio-demografi, keadaan klinis neonatus lahir hidup, usia ≤ 7 hari, sampai 28 hari serta mengetahui penyebab kematian neonatus dini dan neonatus lanjut.Metode. Penelitian deskriptif dilakukan di ruang Intensif Instalasi Rawat Darurat, Gedung Bedah Pusat Terpadu dan ruang Intermediate Neonatal SMF Ilmu Kesehatan Anak RSUD dr. Soetomo. Penelitian dimulai 1 September 2014 sampai 28 Februari 2015. Pengumpulan data menggunakan Lembar Pengumpul Data Perinasia Pusat, setiap neonatus yang dirawat kemudian meninggal dimasukkan kematian neonatus dini maupun lanjut, dicatat keadaan klinis, serta faktor risiko dari ibu dan neonatus.Hasil. Dari 807 kelahiran neonatus didapatkan 101 (12,5%) kematian neonatus terdiri dari 63 (7,8%) kematian neonatus dini dan 38 (4,7%) kematian neonatus lanjut. Kematian neonatus dini dan lanjut ditemukan paling banyak pada neonatus BBL ≥2500 g (34,9% dan 50%) , laki-laki (61,9% dan 71,1%), tunggal (95,2% dan 199%) dan sesuai masa kehamilan (79,4% dan 84,2%) serta usia ibu 20-25 tahun (82,5% dan 71,1%). Sesak (95,2% dan 86,8%) dan sepsis (66,7% dan 63,2%) merupakan keadaaan klinis neonatus pada usia ≤ 7 hari sementara keadaan klinis kematian neonatus lanjut sampai usia 28 hari terutama sesak (100%), sepsis (84,2%), dan pneumonia (52,6%).Kesimpulan. Profil penyebab kematian neonatus yang sering ditemukan adalah sepsis, prematuritas, asfiksia, dan kelainan bawaan.
Hubungan antara Status Gizi dengan Prestasi Belajar Siswa SDN 03 Pondok Cina Depok Tahun 2015
Authors: Amany Tazkya , Sekartini Rini
Published: June 2017

Latar belakang. Di Indonesia, kondisi status gizi anak usia sekolah tergolong buruk sehingga menempatkan Indonesia sebagai negara dengan peringkat indeks pembangunan manusia yang rendah. Status gizi merupakan salah satu faktor yang dapat berpengaruh terhadap prestasi belajar.Tujuan. Mengetahui hubungan antara status gizi dengan prestasi belajar siswa SDN 03 Pondok Cina.Metode. Penelitian dilaksanakan bulan Oktober 2015 sampai dengan September 2016 dengan desain potong lintang analitik. Jumlah subjek penelitian 179 siswa. Pengambilan data dilakukan dengan pengukuran BB dan TB, pengisian kuesioner faktor sosiodemografi, dan pendataan nilai rapor. Data dianalisis dengan menggunakan uji chi square.Hasil. Berdasarkan indeks BB/TB, sebagian besar siswa memiliki status gizi normal (46,40%), obesitas (21,20%), gizi kurang (20,10%), dan gizi lebih (12,30%). Terdapat lebih banyak siswa dengan prestasi belajar yang rendah pada mata pelajaran Bahasa Indonesia (50,80%), Matematika (53,60%), dan IPA (50,30%). status gizi (dibagi menjadi normal dan tidak normal) menunjukkan hubungan yang bermakna secara statistik dengan prestasi belajar Bahasa Indonesia (p=0,019) dan IPA (p=0,029).Kesimpulan. Terdapat hubungan yang bermakna secara statistik antara status gizi dengan prestasi belajar Bahasa Indonesia dan IPA pada siswa SDN 03 Pondok Cina.
Hubungan Masalah Perilaku pada Remaja dengan Irritable Bowel Syndrome
Authors: Kesuma Yudianita
Published: June 2017

Latar belakang.  Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) merupakan nyeri perut berulang pada remaja yang paling banyak terjadi. Pada remaja, IBS akan menimbulkan gangguan perilaku yang serius.Tujuan.  Menganalisis hubungan antara masalah perilaku dengan IBS pada remaja.Metode. Penelitian potong lintang semua siswa SMA Nurul Iman. Pencatatan dilakukan meliputi karakteristik umum dan pemeriksaan fisis. Selanjutnya dilakukan uji Rome III (irritable bowel syndrome) dan PSC-17 (masalah perilaku). Analisis statistik digunakan analisis bivariat dengan uji chi-square.Hasil. Dari semua siswa SMA Nurul Iman didapatkan 180 subyek yang memenuhi kriteria inklusi dan tidak memenuhi kriteria eksklusi. Prevalensi  IBS 58 (32,2%) subyek, terdiri atas 22 subtipe konstipasi, 23 subtipe diare, dan 13 subtipe campuran. Prevalensi  masalah perilaku 40,6%, terdiri atas 28,9% masalah perilaku internalisasi, 2,8% masalah eksternalisasi, 0,6% masalah perilaku perhatian, dan 8,4% variasi dari 3 gangguan. Faktor risiko terjadinya IBS, antara lain, mengonsumsi daging olahan, teh, makan terburu-buru, serta di-bully. Terdapat hubungan yang bermakna antara IBS dengan masalah perilaku (p=0,001). Nilai Odds Ratio yang diberikan 3,015 (IK95%=1,580-5,754).Kesimpulan. Remaja yang mengalami IBS mempunyai risiko yang meningkat untuk terjadinya masalah perilaku.
Transfusi Albumin dan Furosemid pada Pasien Sindrom Nefrotik Anak dengan Edema
Authors: Utami Meita Dwi , Tambunan Taralan
Published: June 2017

Latar belakang : Pemberian albumin pada anak dengan Sindroma Nefrotik (SN) serta edema  dapat meningkatkan tekanan osmotik dan menarik cairan ekstraselular kembali ke dalam kompartemen vaskular sehingga mengurangi edema. Namun beberapa penelitian terhadap pasien dewasa mendapatkan bahwa mekanisme intrarenal bertanggung jawab terhadap retensi air, sehingga pemberian albumin hanya akan memberikan efek minimal pada pasien SN dengan edema, selain itu dapat berpotensi menyebabkan kelebihan (overload) cairanTujuan : Mengetahui penggunaan albumin bersama loop diuretik (furosemid) dapat menurunkan risiko terjadinya edema dibandingkan dengan penggunaan tunggal loop diuretik pada anak dengan sindroma nefrotikMetode : Penelusuran pustaka database elektronik, yaitu Pubmed, Cochrane, ProquestHasil : Terdapat 4 penelitian yaitu 1 kohort prospektif, 2 penelitian uji klinis, serta 1 telaah sistematik mendapatkan  pemberian diuretik saja aman dan efektif meningkatkan diuresis dibandingkan dengan kombinasi albumin-diuretik. Pemberian furosemid dan albumin pada pasien SN dengan edema harus sesuai kondisi klinis per pasien,  pemberian terapi kombinasi dapat dipertimbangkan pada pasien yang resisten diuretik.Kesimpulan : Pemberian albumin dan furosemid bukan merupakan prosedur rutin pada setiap pasien SN dengan edema dan hipoalbuminemia. Secara statistik, efek diuretik dan natriuretik terapi kombinasi ini masih dianggap tidak bermakna.
Adipokines, myokines and cytokines in endometrial cancer patients: relations to obesity phenotype of excessive body mass and features of the tumor
Authors: Berstein Lev M. , Poroshina Tatyana E. , Vasilyev Dmitry A.
Published: June 2017

Aim. To study serum content of a number of known adipokines, myokines and cytokines and compare obtained data with overweight phenotype and characteristics of tumor in untreated patients with endometrial cancer (EC)
Materials and methods. The study included 88 patients with a mean age 60.080.67 years and a mean body mass index (BMI) 32.900.83. Patients were subjected to anthropometry and analysis of laboratory parameters, including serum level of leptin, adiponectin, omentin, prefilin (Pref-1), myostatin, irisin, IL-6 as well as insulinemia and insulin resistance index (HOMA-IR). On the basis of combination of anthropometric and laboratory data patients with overweight (BMI 25.0) were subdivided into the groups with "standard" (S) and conditionally "metabolically healthy" (MH) phenotype.
Results. Levels of leptin, insulin and adiponectin in the serum of patients with EC are associated with BMI value and demonstrate significant differences between S and MH groups. Levels of prefilin, myostatin, and IL-6 are not associated with an increase in BMI, but are also different in patients with S and MH phenotype of overweight.For levels oа irisin, omentin, and TNF-alphathere is no peculiar dependence both, the BMI, and of belonging to a group with S or MH phenotype. Omentin level in the serum is associated with less favorable tumor differentiation (MH group), while IL-6 level with a more advanced stage of the tumor (all patients and group S).
Conclusion. Adipokines, myokines and cytokines circulating in blood of EC patients vary in their connections with BMI or with "standard" or "metabolically healthy" phenotype of its excess. They vary also in relation to EC features, which in sum may have practical importance.
Redes de poder, deslocalización y cambios en los usos productivos rurales pampeanos. El caso de Tandil // Power networks, delocalisation and changes in the Pampa ´s productive uses of rural. The case of Tandil
Authors: Nogar Ada Graciela , Jacinto Guillermina , Nogar Maria L.
Published: June 2017

El artículo analiza las transformaciones de los espacios rurales del Partido de Tandil, a través de indagaciones centradas en el avance de la intensificación productiva de las acciones (sojización - pools de siembra – feed lots) y sus resultantes: deterioro de recursos naturales, desplazamientos de sistemas productivos, principalmente ganadero, hegemonía del monocultivo y expulsión de actores. El mismo se sostiene en una visión de la ruralidad construida desde los vínculos urbano-rurales, para comprender los cambios e interpretar los escenarios futuros. La metodología se estructuró alrededor de la triangulación para lo cual se relevaron datos cuantitativos y cualitativos, a través de entrevistas no estructuradas y el análisis comparativo de dos momentos a partir de imágenes satelitales. El universo de análisis es el Partido de Tandil, localizado al Sudeste de la provincia de Buenos Aires, Argentina
Urea treatment of rice straw at elevated temperature and pressure: Effects on fiber content, rumen fermentation and digestibility
Authors: Jayanegara A. , Ayinda R. S. K. , Laconi E. B.
Published: June 2017

The objective of this study was to apply urea treatment of rice straw at elevated temperature and pressure (121oC; 1.4 atm) and at short treatment period (30 or 60 min) in comparison to conventional urea treatment (4 weeks incubation). Rice straw was subjected to the following treatments: RS1: untreated rice straw (control), RS2: RS1+1% urea (no incubation), RS3:RS1+1% urea (4 weeks incubation), RS4: RS2+autoclave 30 min, RS5: RS3+autoclave 30 min, RS6: RS2+autoclave 60 min, RS7: RS3+autoclave 60 min. The samples were analyzed for fiber contents and incubated in vitro. Data were analyzed using analysis of variance and Duncan’s post-hoc test. Results showed that urea treatments (RS3-RS7) did not change NDF and ADF contents of rice straw in comparison to control. Urea treatment in autoclave for 30 min (RS4) increased rice straw IVDMD and IVOMD by 23.3% and 25.6% as compared to control, respectively (P<0.05). Extension of the incubation period to 60 min (RS6) did not improve further the IVDMD and IVOMD. Treatments did not change pH values and NH3 concentrations. Urea treatment (RS3-RS7) increased total VFA concentration in comparison to control (P<0.05). It was concluded that urea treatment using autoclave for 30 min may replace conventional urea treatment to improve nutritional value of rice straw.
Effect of Sauropus androgynus leaf extract, fish oil and vitamin E on performance, egg quality and composition in laying hens
Authors: Santoso U. , Fenita Y. , Sulistyowati E.
Published: June 2017

The objective of this study was to obtain enriched eggs with low cholesterol content. Forty-eight laying hens (strain Dekalb Warren) aged 72 weeks were distributed into six treatment groups as follows: 1) Laying hens fed diet without Sauropus androgynus leaf extracts (SALE), fish oil and vitamin E (P0) as the control; 2) Laying hens were fed diet with 27 g SALE/kg diet, but without fish oil (P1); 3) Laying hens were fed diet with 27 g SALE/kg diet, 1.5% fish oil (P2); 4) Laying hens were fed diet with 27 g SALE/kg diet, 1.5% fish oil and 60 mg vitamin E/kg diet (P3); 5) Laying hens were fed diet with 27 g SALE/kg diet, 3% fish oil (P4); 6) Laying hens were fed diet with 27 g SALE/kg 3% fish oil and 60 mg vitamin E/kg diet (P5). Experimental results showed that the treatments affected (P <0.05) egg production, thick eggshell, egg white height, yolk color, the odor of eggs after the split (P <0.05). It was shown that the treatments had no effect on the contents of protein, fat, β-carotene of eggs but affected the contents of cholesterol and vitamin E of eggs. In conclusion, the treatments improved egg quality and increased egg Vitamin E but reduced egg cholesterol.
Pengaruh Gelombang Ultrasonik Pada Karakteristik Membran Ultrafiltrasi
Authors: Kaseno Kaseno , Kokugan T.
Published: June 2017

Untuk mengetahui pengaruh gelombang atau daya ultrasonik (Ultrasonic force, USF) terhadap karakteristik membrane ultrafiltrasi (UF) yang terbuat dari keramik (alumina, Al2O3), maka dilakukan percobaan permeasi pada skala laboratorium untuk  3 jenis larutan yaitu : larutan ovalbumin, larutan dextran, dan larutan polyvinyl alcohol (PVA). USF dipancarkan pada 1/8 bagian dari batang membran keramik pada saat percobaan permeasi dilaksanakan. Hasil percobaan membuktikan bahwa USF menghambat pembentukan lapisan gel pada  permukaan membrane dan polarisasi konsentrasi di dekat permukaan membrane. Hal ini disimpulkan dari penurunan rejeksi dan peningkatan fluk membrane UF, serta meningkatnya koefisien transfer massa (mass transfer coefficient) 1,4 kali jika dibandingkan dengan tanpa pengukuran USF.Kata kunci : Gelombang ultrasonic, membrane ultrafiltrasi, dan koefisien transfer masa.
Studi Awal Esterifikasi Etanol Dan Asam Asetat Dengan Katalisator Zeolite Yang Disusun “Fixed Bed”
Authors: Retnowati D. S.
Published: June 2017

Industry banyak melibatkan reaksi yang reaksi overallnya ditentukan laju perpindahan massa reaktan dan produk antara “bulk fluid” dan permukaan katalis. Kisaran peubah proses dengan tahanan difusi yang mengontrol dipelajari pada esterifikasi etanol dengan asam asetat menggunakan zeolite yang disusun secara “fixed bed”, proses bekerja “batch”. Dengan cara ini, tidak diperlukan pemisahan katalis dari larutan, baik secara fisik maupun secara kimia.Dari metode factorial design dua level dengan 3 peubah, yaitu suhu, laju alir dan diameter katalisator, yang paling berpengaruh adalah laju alir fluida. Suhu naik dari 40 0C menjadi 60 0C tetapan laju reaksi naik kurang dari 1,5 kalinya. Pada kisaran laju alir 108 ml/men sampai 180 ml/men, suhu 40 0C – 60 0C, dan diameter katalisator 0,725 cm – 1,015 cm laju reaksi overallnya ditentukan oleh laju perpindahan massa atau berada pada regim dinamik.Kata kunci : regim, esterifikasi, etanol, asam asetat, zeolite, fixed bed
EFFECTS OF ADMIXTURES ON THE CRYSTALLISATION RATE OF GYPSUM A BATCH CRYSTALLISATION STUDY
Authors: Muryanto S. , Ang H. M.
Published: June 2017

This paper descripbes a study on the effects of admixtures on the crystallization rate of gypsum. Two different types of biodegradable admixtures commonly used as flotation agent in copper/zinc concentrate production, namely, sodium isopropyl xanthate (=SIPX) and isopropyl thionocarbamate were investigated in this study. A laboratory batch crystallizer was used in this study, and the experiments were run using seeded method. The rate of desupersaturation or the time required to reach the equilibrium concentration was  compared for varying admixture oncentrations. It was discovered that the added seed crystals started growing imediately upon addition into the supersaturated solution, i.e. there  was no induction time.Results of this batch crystallizationstudy suggest that addition of admixtures individually or in combination, significantly affects the crystallization kinetics and in particular, reduces the rate of crystallization of gypsum. Activation energies were determined using three different temperatures, and the values obtained  mostly agreed with other published values, i.e. 60.00 ± 3.00, 57.39 ± 2.87, and 37.65 ±1.88 kj/mol, for pure gypsum, isopropyl yhionocarbamate, and SIPX, respectively.Keywords : activation energy; admixtures; CaSO4.2H2O; crystallization, gypsum; reaction rate
Role of Optical Coherence Tomography in Diagnosis and Treatment of Patients with Acute Coronary Syndrome
Authors: Afolabi Abigail , Hu Sining , Wang Chao , Zhu Yinchun , Mustafina Irina , Lin Lin , Zheng Gonghui , Zhe Chunyang , Jia Haibo , Hou Jingbo , Yu Bo
Published: June 2017

Acute coronary syndrome (ACS) is the main cause of death worldwide and the leading cause of disease burden in high-income countries. ACS refers to a constellation of clinical symptoms that are compatible with acute myocardial ischemia. It describes a spectrum of clinical manifestations that result from a common pathophysiological process. The most common cause of ACS are rupture of an atherosclerotic lesion containing a large necrotic core and a thin fibrous cap followed by acute luminal thrombosis. It was thought that a high-resolution imaging modality would be ideal to detect high-risk plaques before their disruption and the formation of an occlusive thrombus. Optical coherence tomography has proven to be an invaluable tool in early detection of high-risk plaques and particularly in the understanding of ACS. This review focuses on the current evidence for the role of optical coherence tomography in the diagnosis and treatment of patients with ACS.
Inherited Cardiomyopathies: Genetics and Clinical Genetic Testing
Authors: Wang Guoliang , Ji Ruirui , Zou Wenxin , Penny Daniel J. , Fan Yuxin
Published: June 2017

Inherited cardiomyopathies are major causes of morbidity and mortality and include a group of cardiac disorders such as hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM), dilated cardiomyopathy, arrhythmogenic right ventricular dysplasia/cardiomyopathy (ARVD/C), left ventricular noncompaction (LVNC), and restrictive cardiomyopathy (RCM). These diseases have a substantial genetic component and predispose to sudden cardiac death. Since the first gene was identified as a disease-causing gene for HCM over two decades ago, more than eighty genes have been identified to be associated with inherited cardiomyopathies and genetic testing has become prevalent in making clinical diagnosis. With the advent of next-generation sequencing technology, genetic panel testing of inherited cardiomyopathies has become feasible and cost efficient. In this review, we summarize the individual cardiomyopathies with the emphasis on cardiomyopathy genetics and genetic testing.
A Role for the Nonsense-Mediated mRNA Decay Pathway in Maintaining Genome Stability in Caenorhabditis elegans
Authors: González-Huici Víctor , Wang Bin , Gartner Anton
Published: June 2017

Ionizing radiation (IR) is commonly used in cancer therapy and is a main source of DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs), one of the most toxic forms of DNA damage. We have used Caenorhabditis elegans as an invertebrate model to identify novel factors required for repair of DNA damage inflicted by IR. We have performed an unbiased genetic screen, finding that smg-1 mutations confer strong hyper-sensitivity to IR. SMG-1 is a phosphoinositide-3 kinase (PI3K) involved in mediating nonsense-mediated mRNA decay (NMD) of transcripts containing premature stop codons and related to the ATM and ATR kinases which are at the apex of DNA damage signaling pathways. Hyper-sensitivity to IR also occurs when other genes mediating NMD are mutated. The hyper-sensitivity to bleomycin, a drug known to induce DSBs, further supports that NMD pathway mutants are defective in DSB repair. Hyper-sensitivity was not observed upon treatment with alkylating agents or UV irradiation. We show that SMG-1 mainly acts in mitotically dividing germ cells, and during late embryonic and larval development. Based on epistasis experiments, SMG-1 does not appear to act in any of the three major pathways known to mend DNA DSBs, namely homologous recombination (HR), nonhomologous end-joining (NHEJ), and microhomology-mediated end-joining (MMEJ). We speculate that SMG-1 kinase activity could be activated following DNA damage to phosphorylate specific DNA repair proteins and/or that NMD inactivation may lead to aberrant mRNAs leading to synthesis of malfunctioning DNA repair proteins.