bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Apariencia y realidad en la responsabilidad patrimonial del estado Juez (limitada vigencia del artículo 121 CE)
Authors: Rodríguez Ramos Luís
Published: July 2018

El presente trabajo analiza la responsabilidad patrimonial del Estado juez establecida en el art. 121 CE. En él se describen los precedentes históricos de este artículo 121 de la CE, su posterior desarrollo legislativo, la interpretación jurisprudencial de dichas normas, que se considera reductora y palmariamente inconstitucional desde la perspectiva sistemática del conjunto que forman los artículos 17, 24 y los citados 106.2 y 121 de la CE; finalmente se comparan estos elementos con los de otros estados europeos y se termina con concretas propuestas interpretativas y de lege ferenda.This paper analyses the patrimonial responsibility of the Judicial Power established in art. 121 Spanish Constitution. The paper describes the historical precedents of article 121 CE, the legislative development, the jurisprudential interpretation of it, which it could be considered unconstitutionally from the systematic perspective of the articles 17, 24, 106.2 and 121 CE; finally, there are a comparative analysis with other European countries and some reform proposals.
Democracia, poder constituyente o reforma constitucional y sus implicancias jurídicas en el proceso político de cambio constitucional en Chile
Authors: Nogueira Alcalá Humberto
Published: July 2018

El presente artículo reflexiona sobre un enfoque teórico de un proceso constituyente originario o instituido en un marco institucional democrático, dentro del cual se analiza y describe el proceso constituyente iniciado en Chile, el cual tiene como característica inicial la participación ciudadana en encuentros locales, para luego avanzar el cabildos provinciales y regionales, cuyas ideas centrales serán las bases en virtud de las cuales la actual Presidenta de la República elaborará y presentará institucionalmente al Congreso Nacional su propuesta de reforma constitucional y de modificación del procedimiento constitucional que posibilite decidir al próximo Congreso Nacional, elegido a fines de 2017 y que entra en funciones el 11 de marzo de 2018, entre diversos mecanismos institucionales para procesar y aprobar una reforma o un cambio de Constitución, el que en cualquiera de sus alternativas deberá considerar la decisión definitiva de la ciudadanía a través de un referéndum.This paper analyses the constitutional reform process in Chile. This process is characterized by the civil participation in local meetings. This civil initiatives advance to provincial and regional organisms, whose central ideas will be the bases to elaborate and present institutionally to the National Congress the constitutional reform and the modification of the constitutional procedure. The next National Congress, elected at the end of 2017, will decide about the reform proposal given the definitive decision of the citizenship by a referendum.
Iniciativa legislativa del gobierno y técnica normativa en las nuevas leyes administrativas (leyes 39 y 40/2015)
Authors: García-Escudero Márquez Piedad
Published: July 2018

El artículo examina las novedades que las nuevas grandes leyes administrativas de procedimiento y régimen jurídico (Leyes 39 y 40/2015) introducen en la regulación de la iniciativa legislativa por el Gobierno, en concreto en la elaboración de los proyectos de ley, que incluye un trámite de consulta pública y participación ciudadana. Se analizan asimismo las nuevas medidas en favor de la calidad de las leyes y la coherencia del ordenamiento, como la planificación normativa, la aplicación de los principios de buena regulación y la evaluación ex ante y ex post que afectará no sólo a los reglamentos, sino también a los anteproyectos de ley.This essay analyses the new rules introduced by the recent Spanish administrative laws of procedure and organization (39 and 40/2015) in the proposal of bills by the Government, in particular in the elaboration of draft legislation, which includes a process of public consultation and citizen participation. Are also examined the new measures tending to improve the quality of laws, such as legislative agenda, application of the principles of Better Regulation and ex ante and ex post regulatory impact assessment.
La Revista Derecho Público (1932/1936): un oasis de libre expresión del derecho político entre dictaduras
Authors: Pérez-Serrano Jáuregui Nicolás
Published: July 2018

Este trabajo tiene por objeto analizar el papel que jugó la Revista de Derecho Político que se publicó en España entre 1932 y 1936 en el desarrollo del derecho constitucional y del pensamiento político en este país; para ello se revisa el origen de la revista, sus contenidos y el contexto en el que se publicó así como los efectos que produjo en el mismo.This paper focuses on the role of the Revista de Derecho Público, published in Spain between 1932 and 1936, in the field of Constitutional Law and of the Political Thought in this country; it analyses the origin of the review, its contents and the academic and political situation in which it was published.
Encuesta sobre la independencia del Poder Judicial
Authors: Teoría y Realidad Constitucional -
Published: July 2018

En esta encuesta un grupo de Catedráticos de Derecho Constitucional contestan un conjunto de preguntas sobre la independencia del Poder Judicial en el Estado de Derecho, relativas a las amenazas que existen a esa independencia; las preguntas abordan temas relativos al Consejo General del Poder Judicial, la figura del aforamiento, el régimen del Ministerio Fiscal y el derecho de gracia, entre otros.In this academic survey a group of Constitutional Law Professors answer some questions about the independence of the Judicial Power and the Rule of Law and about the threats to this independence; the questions approach topics relative to the Judicial Power government, the procedural privileges, the regime of the Attorney General’s office and judicial pardon or grant of clemency.
El valor de posición de la carta de derechos fundamentales en la comunión constitucional europea
Authors: Cruz Villalón Pedro
Published: July 2018

Metafóricamente hablando la Carta de los Derechos Fundamentales de la Unión Europea es como el sistema venoso por el que actualmente circula la cultura de los derechos fundamentales en el espacio constitucional de la Unión. Esta condición estratégica emergente de la Carta no debe entenderse como consecuencia exclusiva y directa del Derecho de la Unión interpretado por el Tribunal de Justicia de la Unión. Los tribunales de los Estados miembros también desempeñan un papel crucial en la consolidación del valor de posición de la Carta. Este trabajo analiza la funcionalidad dual de la Carta, en el ordenamiento jurídico de la Unión y en el de los Estados miembros. Para ello se presta especial atención a la decisión del Tribunal Constitucional austriaco de 14 de marzo de 2012, más conocida como la «Decisión sobre la Carta», y a la jurisprudencia que deriva de ella.Metaphorically speaking the Charter of Fundamental Rights of the European Union (CFR) is the venous system through which the culture of fundamental rights circulate nowadays in the constitutional space of the Union. This emerging strategic condition of the CFR is not to be read as the sole and direct consequence of Union Law as interpreted by the ECJ. Member States apex courts are also playing a crucial role in consolidating the place value of the CFR. The present contribution examines the dual functionality of the CFR both in the legal order of the Union and that of the member States. Thereby it pays particular attention to the ruling of the Austrian Constitutional Court dated March 14th 2012, better known as “the Charter decision”, as well as the ensuing case law.
La justicia constitucional y el derecho de la UE en Austria
Authors: Merli Franz
Published: July 2018

Este trabajo analiza el papel de Tribunal Constitucional austriaco en relación con la aplicación del Derecho de la UE. Se centra en la dimensión europea de los principales pronunciamientos de la Corte Constitucional sobre asuntos relativos a la UE y muestra a la Corte Constitucional de Austria como un Tribunal de la Unión Europea.This paper analyses the role of the Austrian Constitutional Court in relation to the application of EU law. It focuses on the European dimension of the main Constitutional Court rulings on EU matters and shows the Constitutional Court of Austria as an European Union Court.
El Tribunal Constitucional Federal Alemán entre protección jurídica y exceso competencial. Sobre la eficacia de los controles constitucionales nacionales en tiempos de crisis europea
Authors: Wendel Mattias
Published: July 2018

La crisis sitúa al Derecho ante importantes pruebas de fuego. Precisamente, la crisis económica y financiera permite ser contada, desde todos los puntos de vista, como un tipo de relato sobre el nivel de tensión federal existente, que se va a ver reflejado en los pronunciamientos de los más altos portavoces judiciales, que juegan aquí un papel destacado. Un claro ejemplo de esta tensión se analiza en este trabajo, donde, teniendo como telón de fondo la controversia que surgió entre el Tribunal Constitucional Federal alemán y el Tribunal de Justicia de la Unión Europea al hilo de analizar la legitimidad de un Programa del Banco Central Europeo destinado a combatir la crisis, se plantean cuestiones relacionadas con la eficacia de los controles constitucionales nacionales en los tiempos de crisis europea.The crisis places the Law before litmus tests. Precisely, the economic and financial crisis can be counted from all points of view as a type of story about the existing federal level of tension, which will be reflected in the pronouncements of the highest judicial spokesmen, who play here a leading role. A clear example of this tension is analyzed in this paper, where, having as background the controversy that arose between the German Federal Constitutional Court and the Court of Justice of the European Union in the thread of analyzing the legitimacy of a Programm of the Central Bank of European Union to combat the crisis, questions are raised regarding the effectiveness of national constitutional checks in times of European crisis.
La interpretación del art. 47 CDFUE como expresión de la labor hermenéutica del Tribunal de Luxemburgo en la construcción de un estándar europeo de protección de los derechos
Authors: Milione Ciro
Published: July 2018

Desde la entrada en vigor del Tratado de Lisboa, la Carta de los Derechos Fundamentales de la Unión Europea (CDFUE) ha adquirido una relevancia incuestionable en su ámbito material. El Tribunal de Luxemburgo, en calidad de supremo intérprete de la Carta, interviene para definir el alcance de sus preceptos, construyendo con sus sentencias un verdadero estándar de protección de los derechos en seno a la Unión. Este estudio pone de manifiesto esta evolución a partir del análisis las resoluciones más relevantes del Tribunal de Luxemburgo en relación al art. 47 (CDFUE) por el que se consagra el derecho a la tutela judicial efectiva y a un juez imparcial.Since the entry into force of the Treaty of Lisbon, the Charter of Fundamental Rights of the European Union (CFREU) has acquired an unquestionable relevance in its material scope. The Luxembourg Court, as ultimate interpreter of the Charter, intervenes to define the extent of its precepts, establishing a European standard of protection of fundamental rights. This paper describes this evolution, taking into consideration the most relevant resolutions from the Luxembourg Court on the art. 47 CFREU, which establishes the right to an effective remedy and to a fair trial.
El TJUE como actor de la constitucionalidad en el espacio jurídico europeo: la importancia del diálogo judicial leal con los tribunales constitucionales y con el TEDH
Authors: Martín y Pérez de Nanclares José
Published: July 2018

El Tribunal de Justicia de la Unión Europea (TJUE) ha jugado un papel de primer orden como actor de la constitucionalidad en el espacio jurídico europeo. Ha contribuido de manera decisiva al diseño de un ordenamiento multinivel nuevo, basado en la supranacionalidad y con elementos de naturaleza inconfundiblemente federal que no tiene parangón en la comunidad internacional. Ha sido así el motor de un proceso de integración europea basado en el Derecho, que está conduciendo a un progresivo proceso de constitucionalización europea. En este nuevo escenario constitucional europeo se ha creado una suerte de triángulo judicial constitucional, integrado por el TJUE, los Tribunales Constitucionales nacionales y el Tribunal Europeo de Derechos Humanos (TEDH), en el que el diálogo judicial entre los tres vértices de este triángulo es condición sine qua non para el funcionamiento armónico del sistema. En la práctica, el diálogo entre el TJUE y los Tribunales Constitucionales ha sido razonablemente bien resuelto, si bien actualmente se plantea cierta problemática en relación con el posible control por los Tribunales constitucionales nacionales de actuaciones ultra vires de la Unión, así como en relación con la nada fácil concreción del concepto de ‘identidad constitucional’ como límite a la actuación de la Unión. Por otro lado, el diálogo entre el TJUE y el TEDH ha encontrado el obstáculo que plantea la criticable decisión del TJUE en relación con la adhesión de la UE al CEDH.The Court of Justice of the European Union (CJEU) has played a significant role as a constitutional actor in the European legal space. It has decisively contributed to outline a new multilevel legal order, based on supranationality and with unmistakably federal elements unparalleled in the international community. The CJEU has been, thus, the driving forcé behind the increasing process of European constitutionalisation. In this new European constitutional space a kind of constitutional judicial triangle has been created, which is integrated by the CJEU, the national Constitutional courts and the European Court of Human Rights (ECtHR). In this space, the judicial dialogue among the three vértex of this triangle is a sine qua non condition for a harmonic functioning of the system. In practice, the dialogue between the CJEU and the Constitutional courts has been reasonably solved, although nowadays certain problems pertaining to the control of ultra vires acts of the Union by the domestic Constitutional courts have emerged. The same can be said about the complicated realization of the notion of ‘constitutional identity’ as a limit to the actions of the Union. On the other hand, the dialogue between the CJEU and the ECtHR has been impacted by the objectionable decisión of the CJEU regarding the EU’s accession to the ECHR.
«La integración europea a través del derecho». La contribución del Tribunal Constitucional Federal (alemán)
Authors: Vosskuhle Andreas
Published: July 2018

Muchos actores están involucrados en la implementación de la idea de comunidad jurídica, entre ellos, los parlamentos nacionales, administraciones y tribunales internos que son responsables de la puesta en práctica del Derecho de la Unión Europea. En este estudio se aborda la labor del Tribunal Constitucional Federal Alemán en el desarrollo de la integración europea considerando diez impulsos centrales. Además, para finalizar, se aportarán algunas reflexiones realistas sobre las limitaciones del derecho en la solución de vicisitudes en el marco de la Unión Europea.Many stakeholders are involved in implementing the idea of legal community, including national parliaments, administrations and courts, which for their part are responsible for the implementation of European law. This study addresses the work of the German Federal Constitutional Court in the development of European integration by considering ten central impulses. In addition, to conclude, some realistic reflections on the limitations of the law in the solution of vicissitudes in the framework of the European Union will be provided.
La ejecución de sentencias del tribunal de justicia como responsabilidad constitucional compartida: luces y sombras
Authors: Tomás Mallén Beatriz
Published: July 2018

El presente trabajo aborda la ejecución de sentencias del Tribunal de Justicia como exponente más emblemático de la dimensión constitucional de la Unión Europea en coherencia con el principio de lealtad o cooperación sincera en el cumplimiento de las obligaciones europeas. Desde este punto de vista, la responsabilidad internacional estatal al implementar las sentencias del Tribunal de Justicia es analizada asimismo a través del principio de responsabilidad de todos los poderes públicos. En este sentido, el artículo analiza las virtudes y las complejidades de la práctica constitucional española relativa a la ejecución de sentencias del Tribunal de Luxemburgo llevada a cabo no sólo por los órganos jurisdiccionales nacionales, sino también por las demás autoridades públicas (ejecutivas y legislativas) a nivel estatal y regional. En conclusión, más allá del impacto mediático de algunas sentencias europeas, se pone el énfasis en su ejecución como factor de optimización del ordenamiento jurídico interno y, sobre todo, como elemento esencial de mejora del grado de europeísmo de la ciudadanía.This paper tackles the enforcement of judgments of the Court of Justice as the most emblematic aspect of the constitutional dimension of the European Union, in line with the principle of loyalty or sincere cooperation in the fulfillment of European obligations. From this point of view, the State’s international responsibility in implementing the judgments of the Court of Justice is also analyzed through the principle of responsibility of all public authorities. In this sense, the essay analyzes the virtues and complexities of the Spanish constitutional practice regarding the enforcement of judgments of the Luxembourg Court carried out not only by the national courts but also by other public authorities (executive and legislative ones) at both state and regional levels. In conclusion, beyond the media impact of some European judgments, the emphasis is placed on their actual enforcement as a factor to optimize the domestic legal order and, above all, as an essential element to improve the degree of Europeanism of citizenship.
El Reino Unido y la Unión Europea: inicio y fin de una relación atormentada
Authors: Bar Cendón Antonio
Published: July 2018

Cuando estaba a punto de cumplirse el 45 aniversario de su ingreso en las Comunidades Europeas, el Reino Unido decidió salir de la Unión Europea mediante el referéndum de junio de 2016. Entre un momento y otro ha habido una relación difícil; relación que ha tenido una dimensión muy positiva para las dos partes, pero también una dimensión negativa. Este trabajo trata de describir y analizar cómo se ha producido este proceso de relación del RU con las CCEE y con la UE, desde la solicitud de adhesión del RU, en agosto 1961, hasta el comienzo de las negociaciones sobre la separación de la UE, en junio de 2017.Almost 45 years after joining the European Communities, the United Kingdom has decided to leave the European Union following the referendum of June 2016. Throughout its membership, the two have shared a difficult relationship and despite there having been a very positive dimension for both sides, it is impossible to ignore the negative dimension. This article intends to describe and analyse how this process has taken place and how the relationship of the U.K. with the EECC and the E.U., evolved since the U.K.’s first application to join the EECC was submitted, in 1961, until the starting of the negotiations for the withdrawal in June 2017.
Enrique Tierno Galván: un singular itinerario intelectual-político (I)
Authors: Morodo Leoncio Raul
Published: July 2018

Primera parte de la semblanza a Enrique Tierno Galván.The text is the first part of a biographical note about Enrique Tierno Galván
Edmund Burke ha vuelto a morir (Parlamento y descentralización política)
Authors: Caamaño Domínguez Francisco
Published: July 2018

Si el territorio es una creación de la política, ¿cómo representarlo? Este trabajo sostiene que no hay más representación territorial que la representación política, incluso en los Estados federales. La historia de las segundas cámaras así lo demuestra. La llamada representación territorial es la resultado de aplicar a la representación política el principio de la división del trabajo defendida, entre otros autores, por Enmanuel Sieyès. Pero el aspecto territorial de la política, en los Estados descentralizados, presenta nuevos desafíos que están cuestionando la idea de que la membresía de un parlamento lo es de la nación entera. La «cuestión inglesa» y el uso de cláusulas opting in/ opting out en los procedimientos para resolver problemas relativos a ciertas decisiones territoriales en parlamentos de tipo federal marcan el inicio de una nueva fase. Explorar estas vías alternativas puede ser más útil que continuar intentando dar sentido a las segundas cámaras.If the territory is creation of the policy: How to represent it? This paper argues that there is no territorial representation other than political representation, even in federal states. The history of the second federal cameras proves it. The so-called territorial representation is the result of applying to political representation the principle of division of labor defended, among other authors, by Enmanuel Sieyès. But the territorial background of policy is raising, in the decentralized states, new challenges that are questioning the idea that the membership of parliament is of the entire nation. The «West Lothian question» or the «english question» and the use of the clause opting in / opting out in some parliamentary procedures to solve territorial decision problems in federal-type parliaments is marking the beginning of a new stage. Exploring these alternative ways may be more useful than continuing to try to provide meaning to the second cameras.
Protección de la salud, atención primaria y derechos fundamentales
Authors: Rey Martínez Fernando
Published: July 2018

El artículo se plantea, sobre todo, el problema de la oportunidad de constitucionalizar el derecho a la protección jurídica de la salud como un derecho fundamental en sentido estricto, concluyendo afirmativamente. En el constitucionalismo español vigente, es un principio rector constitucional y un derecho legal. Se propone, pues, en una eventual reforma de la Constitución, convertirlo en un derecho fundamental de configuración legislativa. En segundo lugar, el trabajo se plantea la conveniencia de reconocer expresamente a la atención primaria de la salud en el texto constitucional.The article raises, above all, the problem of the opportunity to constitutionalize the right to legal protection of health as a fundamental right in the strict sense, concluding affirmatively. In current Spanish constitutionalism, it is a constitutional «principio rector» and a legal right. It is proposed, then, in a possible reform of the Constitution, to convert it into a fundamental right of legislative configuration. Second, the work raises the convenience of explicitly recognizing primary health care in the constitutional text.
¿Qué hacer con el control sobre las cuentas públicas?
Authors: Durán Alba Juan Fernando
Published: July 2018

A pesar del tiempo transcurrido desde la puesta en funcionamiento del modelo de fiscalización externa de las cuentas públicas, previsto por nuestra Constitución y normas de desarrollo, subsisten problemas —casi endémicos— que dificultan la correcta articulación de un sistema de control fuertemente descentralizado. Algunos elementos disfuncionales se encuentran, desde luego, en el régimen jurídico que disciplina la posición institucional, composición y marco funcional de estos órganos. Pero no pueden dejar de apuntarse las perniciosas prácticas a que ha conducido a veces el traslado de la lógica del estado de partidos al ámbito de control externo de las cuentas públicas. Por su parte, también se advierten en las resoluciones del Tribunal Constitucional algunos pronunciamientos que sería necesario modular.Our model of audit of public finances was established by the Constitution and inferior norms decades ago. However, the system presents some endemic problems which derive from its highly decentralized character. Some of these difficulties came from the norms which rule on the institutional position, compositions and functions of the several organs that exercise the control. However, other defects come from the adverse practices generated by the application of the logic of the “State of political parties” to the external control of public finances. Furthermore, the article stresses that some statements of the Constitutional Court should be reconsidered.
Dinamarca y el "Caso Ajos": lo que se perdió en Maastricht y Lisboa
Authors: Krunke Helle , Klinge Sune
Published: July 2018

El texto analiza la sentencia recaida en el caso Ajos, resolución dictada por el TJUE y que se inserta en unalínea jurisprudencial anterior en la que destacan «Mangold» y «Kücükdeveci». Intentamos arrojar algo de luz sobre las implicaciones del mismo tanto desde la perspectiva del Derecho Danés como desde la perspectiva del Derecho de la Unión Europea, aportando algunos casos relevantes desde la óptica comparada.The text analyze the ajos judgment, dealing with the case-law line followed in Mangold and Kücükdeveci by the CJEU. We try to shed light on the implications of it within national danish- law and within the european union law, giving also further comparative arguments and cases.
La especial trascendencia constitucional del recurso de amparo como categoría constitucional: entre «morir de éxito» o «vivir en el fracaso»
Authors: Pérez Tremps Pablo
Published: July 2018

El trabajo aborda los riesgos que para la legitimidad el Tribunal Constitucional plantea una aplicación muy rígida de las causas de inadmisión del recurso de amparo y, en concreto, de la exigencia de la especial trascendencia constitucional de la demanda. Lo que se introdujo para evitar una crisis de la institución por el exceso de recursos (evitar que muriera de éxito), puede llevar a un fracaso de la institución (vivir en el fracaso) por esa aplicación excesivamente rígida de la causa de inadmisión; un Tribunal Constitucional se legitima en buena medida por su tarea de protección de los derechos fundamentales y una inadmisión sistemática de las demandas puede mermar gravemente esa legitimidad.This paper focused on the risks for Constitutional Court legitimacy if the need of special constitutional trascendence, on the Amparo appeals procedures, is rigidly applied. This need was introduced in order to avoid a crisis situation on the Amparo appeal procedure (to avoid that it will die of success), but extremely rigid applied can cause a failure of it (live in failure). The Constitutional Court legitimacy depends on its capacity to protect and guarantee the fundamental rights: a strong inadmissibility of the appeal could deeply shrink it.
RESEÑA de: Aragón Reyes, Manuel. "Uso y abuso del Decreto Ley: una propuesta de reinterpretación constitucional". Madrid: Iustel, 2016
Authors: Gómez Lugo Yolanda
Published: July 2018

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Diagnostic value of BRAFV600E mutation analysis in fine needle aspiration for evaluation of thyroid nodules
Authors: Lee Hae Won , Ock So Young , Kim Bu Kyoung , Kwon Su Kyoung , Choi Young Sik , Kim Jeong Hoon , Jung Sang Bong
Published: July 2018

Objectives Ultrasound-guided fine-needle aspiration (FNA) is routinely used in the evaluation of thyroid nodules. However, it has several pitfalls, as has been noted in nondiagnostic and indeterminate cases. This study aims to investigate the value of BRAF V600E mutation co-testing in FNA cytology. Method A total of 310 patients underwent BRAF V600E mutation co-testing in FNA cytology on thyroid nodules between June 2013 and June 2014. Of the 310 patients, 69 patients who had undergone a surgery for thyroid nodules were included in this study. The presence of the BRAF V600E mutation was determined by allele-specific polymerase chain reaction amplification of exon 15 of the BRAF gene. Results Of 69 cases, 33 (47.8%) were BRAF V600E mutation positive. The BRAF V600E mutation was not significantly associated with high-risk features such as tumor size, lymph node metastasis, and pathological stage. The respective diagnostic performance of FNA ( P = 0.02), BRAF V600E mutation ( P = 0.03), and ultrasonographic ( P = 0.00) findings was statistically significant. The sensitivity, specificity and positive predictive value of FNA was 64.9%, 83.3%, and 94.8%. The sensitivity, specificity and positive predictive value of BRAF V600E mutation was 56.1%, 91.7%, and 96.9% and the US features was 91.2%, 91.7%, and 98.1% respectively. However, sensitivity of FNA with BRAF V600E mutation (77.2%) was lower than FNA with US (92.9%) and combination all together (92.9%). Conclusion In this study, we found that US features were the most useful in preoperative differential diagnosis of thyroid nodules. BRAF V600E mutation co-testing in FNA cytology was also useful for diagnosis of thyroid tumors.
Clinical significance of serum neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin in the early diagnosis of renal function deterioration after radical nephrectomy
Authors: Kim Taek Sang , Kang Su Hwan , Kang Pil Moon , Ha Hongkoo , Kim Su Dong , Yoon Jangho , Hwang Hyunyong
Published: July 2018

Objectives The standard metrics used to monitor the progression of acute kidney injury (AKI) include markers such as serum creatinine, blood urea nitrogen, and estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR). Moreover, neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL) expression has been reported to modulate oxidative stress. Methods We aimed to evaluate the usefulness of serum NGAL levels for monitoring renal function after radical nephrectomy (RN). We prospectively collected data from 30 patients who underwent RN. We analyzed serum NGAL and creatinine at 6 time points: preoperative day 1, right after surgery, 6 hours after surgery, postoperative day (POD) 1, POD 3, and POD 5. We compared these measurements according to the eGFR values (classified as chronic kidney disease stage III; CKD III or not) using data obtained 3 months after surgery. Results The mean age was 65.5 years (range, 45–77 years), and the male-to-female ratio was 2:1. At the last follow-up examination, there were 12 patients (40%) with CKD III. Using receiver operating characteristic analysis, we found that serum creatinine on POD 5 (area under the curve [AUC], 0.887; P = 0.000) and NGAL at 6 hours after LRN (AUC, 0.743, P = 0.026) were significant predictors of CKD III. The development of CKD III after LRN was associated with the serum creatinine level on POD 5 and the NGAL at 6 hours after surgery. Conclusions Compared to serum creatinine, serum NGAL enabled earlier prediction of postoperative CKD III. Therefore, serum NGAL measured 6 hours after surgery could be a useful marker for managing patients after RN.
Expression of vascular endothelial growth factor is a clinically useful predictor for aggressive basal cell carcinoma
Authors: Choi Jong Soon , Lee Dong Chan , Chang Hee Kyung
Published: July 2018

Objectives Basal cell carcinoma (BCC) tumors are locally invasive but rarely metastatic. However, aggressive metastatic variants are being increasingly reported in elderly people. Here we investigated the clinical utility of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) as a predictive biomarker for aggressive BCC variants. Methods Thirty-five pathologically confirmed cases of BCC that underwent surgical removal in the Plastic Surgery Department between January 1, 2011 and December 31, 2012 were studied. VEGF expression was analyzed in formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tumor tissue by immunohistochemical staining. Positive staining was defined as more than 10% of the tumor cells showing immunoreactivity. The associations of VEGF expression with various clinicopathologic parameters were analyzed. Results The face was the most prevalent site (28/35), with 15 cases from the nose, 6 cases from the eyelid, and 5 cases from the cheek. The patients were aged between 41 and 86 years, with a mean age of 69.26 ± 173.903 years. The mean BCC size was 1.34 ± 3.853 cm, with a range of 0.3 cm to 12.0 cm. The mean tumor invasion depth from the basement epidermal membrane was 0.17 ± 0.035 cm, with a range of 0.03 cm to 1.10 cm. A mean of 5.66 ± 20.938 intraoperative frozen section slides were examined. VEGF was not expressed in 14 of the 35 patients (40.0%), whereas 42.9% of the patients had low expression and 17.1% of the patients had high expression. VEGF expression was significantly associated with age ( P = 0.022), size ( P = 0.030), site ( P = 0.013), tumor invasion depth ( P = 0.019), and number of intraoperatively frozen sections ( P = 0.003). Conclusions These results suggest that VEGF expression as assessed by immunohistochemistry can predict aggressive or poor prognosis in BCC.
Unilateral Horner's Syndrome following supraclavicular brachial plexus block
Authors: Oh Dawoon
Published: July 2018

Supraclavicular brachial plexus block, due to its wide range of indications, is the most widely practiced procedure in anesthesiology. We experienced the case of a 45-year-old female patient who developed unilateral Horner's Syndrome after the use of supraclavicular brachial plexus block. The patient recovered spontaneously from the Horner's syndrome after 2 hours. If Horner's syndrome should occur, its etiology will need to be assessed. It is also important to assure the patient they will recover from the complication within a year.
Roles y estereotipos de género en publicidad infantil: ¿Qué ha cambiado en las últimas décadas?
Authors: González-Anleo Juan M. , Cortés del Rosario María , Garcelán Vargas Deborah
Published: July 2018

The media and advertising act as agents of socialization exerting a strong influence on the audience, which leads them to assimilate, reinforce, reproduce and amplify attitudes, roles and stereotypes. The influence and assimilation of the audiovisual content is different according to the age of the public and, in the infantile stage, this assimilation process is more accentuated. The different messages and images that advertising transmits, leads them to create ideas that influence their perception of the world and to adopt certain roles and stereotypes according to gender. The content that the advertisements transmit are also related to the society and culture of each era, so it is logical to find changes as time passes, not only in the form but also in the message. This research focuses on showing the evolution of children»s advertising of toys in Spain in recent decades, with the aim of identifying the existence of sexism and what are the roles and gender stereotypes that reproduce the most. To this end, a bibliographic review has been carried out that includes different concepts and theories related to advertising, sexism and the influence of different socialization agents in the construction of gender from an early age. Based on the concepts, theories and previous research, quantitative research has been carried out using the methodology of «content analysis» for which four Spanish toy manufacturer and distributor brands have been chosen (Playmobil, Hasbro (MB), Famosa and Mattel) and its advertising has been analyzed from 1990 to 2017. The main tool used has been a table of indicators applicable to all advertisements and brands.
Inferring circuit mechanisms from sparse neural recording and global perturbation in grid cells
Authors: Widloski John , Marder Michael P , Fiete Ila R
Published: July 2018

A goal of systems neuroscience is to discover the circuit mechanisms underlying brain function. Despite experimental advances that enable circuit-wide neural recording, the problem remains open in part because solving the ‘inverse problem’ of inferring circuity and mechanism by merely observing activity is hard. In the grid cell system, we show through modeling that a technique based on global circuit perturbation and examination of a novel theoretical object called the distribution of relative phase shifts (DRPS) could reveal the mechanisms of a cortical circuit at unprecedented detail using extremely sparse neural recordings. We establish feasibility, showing that the method can discriminate between recurrent versus feedforward mechanisms and amongst various recurrent mechanisms using recordings from a handful of cells. The proposed strategy demonstrates that sparse recording coupled with simple perturbation can reveal more about circuit mechanism than can full knowledge of network activity or the synaptic connectivity matrix.
Vertex sliding drives intercalation by radial coupling of adhesion and actomyosin networks during Drosophila germband extension
Authors: Vanderleest Timothy E , Smits Celia M , Xie Yi , Jewett Cayla E , Blankenship J Todd , Loerke Dinah
Published: July 2018

Oriented cell intercalation is an essential developmental process that shapes tissue morphologies through the directional insertion of cells between their neighbors. Previous research has focused on properties of cell–cell interfaces, while the function of tricellular vertices has remained unaddressed. Here, we identify a highly novel mechanism in which vertices demonstrate independent sliding behaviors along cell peripheries to produce the topological deformations responsible for intercalation. Through systematic analysis, we find that the motion of vertices connected by contracting interfaces is not physically coupled, but instead possess strong radial coupling. E-cadherin and Myosin II exist in previously unstudied populations at cell vertices and undergo oscillatory cycles of accumulation and dispersion that are coordinated with changes in cell area. Additionally, peak enrichment of vertex E-cadherin/Myosin II coincides with interface length stabilization. Our results suggest a model in which asymmetric radial force balance directs the progressive, ratcheted motion of individual vertices to drive intercalation.
Engineering ER-stress dependent non-conventional mRNA splicing
Authors: Li Weihan , Okreglak Voytek , Peschek Jirka , Kimmig Philipp , Zubradt Meghan , Weissman Jonathan S , Walter Peter
Published: July 2018

The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) protein folding capacity is balanced with the protein folding burden to prevent accumulation of un- or misfolded proteins. The ER membrane-resident kinase/RNase Ire1 maintains ER protein homeostasis through two fundamentally distinct processes. First, Ire1 can initiate a transcriptional response through a non-conventional mRNA splicing reaction to increase the ER folding capacity. Second, Ire1 can decrease the ER folding burden through selective mRNA decay. In Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Schizosaccharomyces pombe, the two Ire1 functions have been evolutionarily separated. Here, we show that the respective Ire1 orthologs have become specialized for their functional outputs by divergence of their RNase specificities. In addition, RNA structural features separate the splicing substrates from the decay substrates. Using these insights, we engineered an S. pombe Ire1 cleavage substrate into a splicing substrate, which confers S. pombe with both Ire1 functional outputs.
JNK signaling triggers spermatogonial dedifferentiation during chronic stress to maintain the germline stem cell pool in the Drosophila testis
Authors: Herrera Salvador C , Bach Erika A
Published: July 2018

Exhaustion of stem cells is a hallmark of aging. In the Drosophila testis, dedifferentiated germline stem cells (GSCs) derived from spermatogonia increase during lifespan, leading to the model that dedifferentiation counteracts the decline of GSCs in aged males. To test this, we blocked dedifferentiation by mis-expressing the differentiation factor bag of marbles (bam) in spermatogonia while lineage-labeling these cells. Strikingly, blocking bam-lineage dedifferentiation under normal conditions in virgin males has no impact on the GSC pool. However, in mated males or challenging conditions, inhibiting bam-lineage dedifferentiation markedly reduces the number of GSCs and their ability to proliferate and differentiate. We find that bam-lineage derived GSCs have significantly higher proliferation rates than sibling GSCs in the same testis. We determined that Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) activity is autonomously required for bam-lineage dedifferentiation. Overall, we show that dedifferentiation provides a mechanism to maintain the germline and ensure fertility under chronically stressful conditions.
PARP1-dependent recruitment of the FBXL10-RNF68-RNF2 ubiquitin ligase to sites of DNA damage controls H2A.Z loading
Authors: Rona Gergely , Roberti Domenico , Yin Yandong , Pagan Julia K , Homer Harrison , Sassani Elizabeth , Zeke Andras , Busino Luca , Rothenberg Eli , Pagano Michele
Published: July 2018

The mammalian FBXL10-RNF68-RNF2 ubiquitin ligase complex (FRRUC) mono-ubiquitylates H2A at Lys119 to repress transcription in unstressed cells. We found that the FRRUC is rapidly and transiently recruited to sites of DNA damage in a PARP1- and TIMELESS-dependent manner to promote mono-ubiquitylation of H2A at Lys119, a local decrease of H2A levels, and an increase of H2A.Z incorporation. Both the FRRUC and H2A.Z promote transcriptional repression, double strand break signaling, and homologous recombination repair (HRR). All these events require both the presence and activity of the FRRUC. Moreover, the FRRUC and its activity are required for the proper recruitment of BMI1-RNF2 and MEL18-RNF2, two other ubiquitin ligases that mono-ubiquitylate Lys119 in H2A upon genotoxic stress. Notably, whereas H2A.Z is not required for H2A mono-ubiquitylation, impairment of the latter results in the inhibition of H2A.Z incorporation. We propose that the recruitment of the FRRUC represents an early and critical regulatory step in HRR.
Análise dos domínios biotecnológicos empregados em patentes para combate ao mosquito Aedes aegypti, sob enfoque patentário
Authors: Santos Janio Rodrigo , Rocha Angela Machado
Published: July 2018

Objetivo: analisar as contribuições biotecnológicas empregadas ao combate do mosquito Aedes aegypti sob enfoque patentário.   Metodologia: O software Questel-Orbit foi utilizado como banco de dados para prospecção das patentes empregando o termo “Aedes aegypti” como palavra-chave, a Classificação Internacional de Patentes (IPC) como filtro e biotecnologia como tecnologia dominante. Resultados e discussão: mostraram que o número de patentes biotecnológicas cresceu de forma significativa nos últimos vinte anos, sendo a grande maioria protegidas nos Estados unidos (US) e na Organização Mundial de Propriedade Intelectual (WO) pelo PCT.  As seções mais frequentes no portfólio de patentes estão relacionadas às áreas de Química e Necessidades Humanas. Conclusão: Biotecnologia foi a principal tecnologia dominante empregada em todas as patentes. O crescimento significativo do número de depósitos de patentes evidenciados nos resultados acima demonstra o interesse das empresas e centros de pesquisa.

Contribuições biotecnológicas empregadas no combate do mosquito Aedes aegypti, sob enfoque patentário
Triagem das hepatites B e C em profissionais da saúde no município de Santa Luzia, PB
Authors: Santos Paulo César dos , Morais Alanna Michely Batista de , Almeida Maria Margareth Câmara , Ferreira Niedja Alves de Araújo
Published: July 2018

Introdução: A hepatites virais causadas pelos vírus HBV e HCV são endêmicas em diversas regiões com distribuição entre grupos populacionais e profissionais variáveis, sendo então um grave problema de saúde publica em diferentes partes do mundo e inclusive no Brasil, porque se associam a um elevado grau de cronificação podendo evoluir para cirrose hepática ou carcinoma hepatocelular. Objetivo: Investigar por meio de um teste rápido a prevalência das Hepatites B e C em profissionais de saúde que atuam no município de Santa Luzia- PB. Metodologia: Realizou-se uma punção venosa periférica de todos os profissionais de saúde para obtenção das amostras sanguíneas que foram testadas para marcadores sorológicos, através de kits comerciais de metodologia imunocromatografica. Resultados: 100% dos testes sorológicos das hepatites B e C apresentaram resultados negativos diante das amostras analisadas. Conclusão: Com os resultados mostrando-se negativos, sabe-se que os profissionais encontram-se na área de risco de contaminação constantemente, desse modo para ampliar os conhecimentos sobre as formas de transmissão das hepatites é importante que haja intensificação na difusão das informações e aumento nas campanhas direcionadas ao público alvo visando educar todos os demais profissionais de saúde.
Diferenças nas medidas cefalométricas esqueléticas, dentárias e tegumentares de melanodermas e leucodermas – uma revisão da literatura
Authors: Zanco Kerber Priscila , Oliveira Dias Macêdo Erika , Bandeira Berthold Telmo
Published: July 2018

Introdução: As principais análises cefalométricas utilizadas para o planejamento do tratamento ortodôntico são baseadas nas características da população de raça branca, no entanto as características morfológicas parecem diferir entre os diferentes grupos étnicos. Assim, não parece lógico que os planos de tratamento de pacientes melanodermas sejam baseados em análises cefalométricas com valores de normalidade para leucodermas. Objetivos: Avaliar se há diferenças nas medidas cefalométricas entre leucodermas e melanodermas e quais os valores de normalidade para os melanodermas. Metodologia: revisão de publicações científicas que apresentem as características esqueléticas, dentárias e tegumentares de indivíduos melanodermas e leucodermas até o presente momento através de descritores específicos. Resultados: os melanodermas apresentam medidas cefalométricas que indicam a maxila e mandíbula avançadas em relação à base do crânio, um plano mandibular mais inclinado, terço inferior da face aumentado, maior convexidade facial, incisivos superiores protruídos e levemente proclinados, incisivos inferiores acentuadamente protruídos e proclinados, lábios superior e inferior mais proeminentes, quando comparados aos leucodermas. Conclusão: existem diferenças entre as medidas cefalométricas de leucodermas e melanodermas e isso deve ser levado em consideração nos tratamentos ortodônticos no momento do planejamento e da análise dos resultados.RESUMO

 

 
Análise de perfil e de qualidade do sono: estudo com acadêmicos de medicina do método de aprendizagem baseada em problemas
Authors: Campos Silva Samuel , Ferreira Romão Mariluce
Published: July 2018

Na sociedade moderna os distúrbios do sono são considerados um dos maiores problemas de saúde pública, e os acadêmicos de medicina apresentam uma suscetibilidade elevada para o seu desenvolvimento. O objetivo deste estudo foi investigar e avaliar a qualidade do sono (QS), bem como a existência e a inter-relação com a Sonolência Diurna Excessiva (SDE), dos acadêmicos de medicina do método de aprendizagem baseada em problemas, através do Índice de Qualidade do Sono de Pittsburgh e da Escala de Sonolência de Epworth. Os resultados foram obtidos com a participação de 218 acadêmicos, evidenciando que 36,2% da amostra apresentaram má QS e 65,6% possuem indícios de SDE, ambos com prevalência no sexo feminino. Contudo, a análise concomitante destas variáveis verificou que não há significância. Constatou-se uma média de 6h20min de sono por noite e 37,1% dos alunos considerando o sono como ruim ou muito ruim. Identificou-se ainda que a latência e a duração do sono refletem de forma significante em sua eficiência habitual. Conclui-se que parte dos estudantes apresentam QS alterada e SDE, sem relação concomitante, mas com significância estatística quanto à diferença entre os sexos. É sabido que a privação de horas de sono para estudo, apesar de rotineiramente praticada por muitos acadêmicos, não é mais visto socialmente como um sinal de esforço e dedicação.