bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
EFFECTIVENESS OF THE DRUG SALMOGIR IN MONOGENEREOSIS AND ITS SAFETY FOR FISH
Authors:   Moscow State Academy of Veterinary Medicine and Biotechnology named after K.I. Scriabin, Moscow, Russian Federation, Sorokin P.A. , Engashev S.V. ,   Moscow State Academy of Veterinary Medicine and Biotechnology named after K.I. Scriabin, Moscow, Russian Federation,   LLC AVZ Animal Health, Moscow, Russian Federation, Goncharova M.N. ,   LLC AVZ Animal Health, Moscow, Russian Federation
Published: December 2024

Studies have been conducted to determine the effectiveness of Salmogir in the form of therapeutic baths for monogeneosis of trout and carp. Based on clinical studies, optimal doses and exposures of the drug were established: for gyrodactylosis of trout and carp – 0.1 ml / l for 30-60 minutes; for dactylogyrosis of carp – 0.2 ml / l for 24 hours. A dependence of the drug's effectiveness in dactylogyrosis on water temperature was revealed. Salmogir's safety for trout and carp was established during and after its use in therapeutic and increased doses and exposures.
THE EXPERIENCE OF INDUSTRIAL CULTIVATION OF AUSTRALIAN RED-CLAWED CRAYFISH IN THE SOUTH OF RUSSIA
Authors:   Astrakhan State Technical University, Astrakhan, Russian Federation, Kriuchkov V.N. , Egorova V.I. ,   Astrakhan State Technical University, Astrakhan, Russian Federation
Published: December 2024

The article presents the results of commercial cultivation of Australian red-clawed crayfish in the Astrakhan region in different years. The paper evaluates the productivity and mass of commercial crayfish. The differences in the results of cultivation in the same ponds when using feed and on a natural feed base are given.
THE ALGAE-MACROPHYTES IN THE SANITARY AQUACULTURE
Authors:   Murmansk Marine Biology Institute RAS, Murmansk, Russian Federation, Voskoboinikov G.M.
Published: December 2024

The problem of oil and oil products pollution of the coastal waters and the lack of technologies for preventive and final purification from these toxicants served as the reason for developing the technology of the sanitary algae plantation (the SAP), based on the symbiotic association of algae macrophyte and hydrocarbon-oxidizing bacteria. The SAP helps to clean the coastal waters from oil products both on the surface and in the water column. The main types of algae used in this technology in the Barents Sea are Fucus vesiculosus and Saccharina latissima, which have shown the greatest efficiency in processing oil toxicants. The Sanitary algae plantation has been successfully used in the Barents and the White Seas, and can be used in other seas, taking into account regional features.
USE OF COMPOUND FEEDS WITH VARIOUS PROTEIN SOURCES FOR RAINBOW TROUT REARED IN A RECIRCULATING AQUACULTURE SYSTEM
Authors:   Russian Federal Research Institute of Fisheries and Oceanography (VNIRO), Moscow, Russian Federation, Arnautov M.V. , Rodionova I.D. ,   Russian Federal Research Institute of Fisheries and Oceanography (VNIRO), Moscow, Russian Federation, Gershunskaya V.V. ,   Russian Federal Research Institute of Fisheries and Oceanography (VNIRO), Moscow, Russian Federation, Bindukov S.V. ,   Russian Federal Research Institute of Fisheries and Oceanography (VNIRO), Moscow, Russian Federation, Novoselova Yu.A. ,   Freshwater Fisheries Branch of VNIRO ("VNIIPRH"), Rybnoye settl., Russian Federation
Published: December 2024

The paper considers the issue of alternative protein sources inclusion in the composition of compound feeds for rainbow trout reared in a recirculating aquaculture system. Diets with full and partial replacement of fish meal with meat meal and soy protein concentrate have been developed and their nutritional value has been assessed. As a result of fish-breeding and biological tests, it was revealed that the replacement of up to 50% of fish meal with soy protein concentrate and meat meal did not have negative effect on the growth rates and morphophysiological parameters of rainbow trout.
AUTOMATION OF THE FEEDING PROCESS
Authors:   Don State Technical University, Rostov-on-Don, Russian Federation, Bozhko V.A. , Kuzmenko P.G. ,   Don State Technical University, Rostov-on-Don, Russian Federation, Kokhanov Yu.B. ,   Don State Technical University, Rostov-on-Don, Russian Federation
Published: December 2024

The article discusses modern approaches to automating the feeding of sturgeon fish in closed-loop water supply installations. The data on the importance of automation for increasing profitability and production efficiency are presented. Key aspects such as circadian rhythms, control of environmental parameters and integration of modern software solutions are analyzed.
METHODS OF BIOTESTING WATER AND ITS USE PERSPECTIVE IN AQUACULTURE
Authors:   Engineering and Technical Center LLC "Gazprom Extraction Astrakhan", Astrakhan, Russian Federation, Rylova N.E.
Published: December 2024

This article analyzes various methods approved for the purposes of state sanitary-epidemiological control. The methods corresponding to the water quality criteria for aquaculture are noted.
THE EFFECT OF AN INCREASED CONCENTRATION OF SODIUM CHLORIDE ON THE DEVELOPMENT THE АRTEMIA SALINA CRUSTACEAN
Authors:   Don State Technical University, Rostov-on-Don, Russian Federation, Arzumanyan D.A. , Stasyuk E.A. ,   Don State Technical University, Rostov-on-Don, Russian Federation, Ivanchenko E.S. ,   Don State Technical University, Rostov-on-Don, Russian Federation, Bekbergenova V.M. ,   Don State Technical University, Rostov-on-Don, Russian Federation
Published: December 2024

The article presents the results of a four-day experiment conducted in the 8th building of the federal state budgetary educational institution of higher education of the Don State Technical University, the purpose of which was to find out whether there is a correlation between the concentration of table salt and the hatching rate of artemia crustacean, where the experiment gave a positive relationship towards a stronger concentration of sodium chloride.
BIOLOGICAL TREATMENT IN CLOSED WATER SUPPLY INSTALLATIONS
Authors:   Don State Technical University, Rostov–on–Don, Russian Federation, Zakutniaia D.V.
Published: December 2024

The article examines the structure of the ultrasound system, and biological purification, which includes nitrification and denitrification, is considered in more detail.
OTOLITH LABELING OF PACIFIC SALMON
Authors:   Russian Federal Research Institute of Fisheries and Oceanography (VNIRO), Moscow, Russian Federation, Mikhailov A.V. , Leman V.N. ,   Russian Federal Research Institute of Fisheries and Oceanography (VNIRO), Moscow, Russian Federation
Published: December 2024

General information about fish tagging is provided. The features of the formation of otolith marks by thermal and dry methods are indicated. The variety of label codes used by fish farming enterprises in the Asia-Pacific region is noted. Data on the number of labelled Pacific salmon in various countries are presented. The data on the release of labeled fish from fish hatcheries of the Russian Federation have been clarified.
The Human Sexual Rights and Family Value Act of Ghana: A Systemic Discrimination against the LGBTQ+ Community in Ghana
Authors: Boakye Anthony Kwaku
Published: December 2024

This paper dives into the intricate relationship between the Ghanaian community and the members of the LGBTQ+ community. It explores the history of the LGBTQ+ community in Ghana, the response of the Ghanaian community via the introduction of the anti-gay bill, some provisions of the bill the paper deems to be discriminatory, and the ethical implications of this bill on the human rights of LGBTQ+ persons. This paper seeks to show that the anti-gay bill, unlike what most of the engaged respondents think, is unethical and as such must not be passed into law. This is because life is not what one is made or called to be, rather life is what one chooses to become, bearing in mind one’s facticity goes with authenticity.
The Economic Potential Impact of Climate Change on The Gambia’s Agriculture Sector: A Multi-Market Model Analysis
Authors: Belford Christopher , Ceesay Lamin B. , Sanyang Lang , Badjie Gibriel
Published: December 2024

Given the global climate challenges, countries must comprehend how climate change will impact agricultural commodity prices, production and consumption, agricultural trade, and food security. The study used the General Algebraic Modelling System (GAMS), a multi-market model approach, with the base year of 2015, to assess the impact of climate change on the agriculture sector, given three scenarios—hydro-meteorological impact, agricultural productivity impact and their combined total effect. The results show a decline in demand for food across The Gambia. Seed demand will increase, whilst animal feed demand will decline over time. Crop yields for groundnuts (the main cash crop) and rice (the main staple crop) by 2040 will decline by 11.09% and 13.32%, respectively, given the combined total effect. The Gambia will continue to depend on the importation of basic necessities, given its food trade deficits over time. Average food prices will increase by 16.2%; consequently, The Gambia will not be able to attain food self-sufficiency; rather, food insecurity will continually be acute, leading to increased prices and decreased production and consumption. Thus, the government should increase investment in the agriculture sector, especially in crops and livestock that are resilient to adverse climate conditions.
Mindfulness-Based Cognitive Behavioral Interventions to Enhance Academic Buoyancy: A Meta-Analytic Study
Authors: Mawarni Anisa , Taufiq Agus , Ilfiandra Ilfiandra , Faizal Faizal , Makmun Fariza
Published: December 2024

This study explores the effectiveness of mindfulness-based cognitive behavioral interventions in developing academic buoyancy among students, defined as their capacity to overcome daily academic challenges such as stress, time pressure, and minor failures. Using a meta-analytic approach, the research synthesizes findings from 15 independent studies involving 4,509 participants across diverse educational contexts, including the United States, Canada, Iran, and the United Kingdom. The random effects model revealed a significant positive correlation between mindfulness interventions and academic buoyancy, with a high effect size. The findings underscore the potential of mindfulness integrated with cognitive behavioral therapy to enhance students' resilience by reducing stress and improving executive functions such as emotional regulation, attention, and decision-making. Despite its demonstrated effectiveness, heterogeneity in study designs, intervention durations, and measurement tools suggests the need for further research to refine and standardize these interventions. This study provides evidence-based insights for educators and counselors aiming to integrate mindfulness practices into academic settings, contributing to the broader discourse on mental health and educational resilience.
Enhancing Teachers' Teaching Performance Through Social and Personality Competencies
Authors: Sabilah Fardini , Andini Thathit Manon
Published: December 2024

This study aims to examine the standards for social and personality competencies, identify the most critical personality variables, determine the indicators of these variables influencing teacher performance, and explore teachers' perspectives on these issues. A cross-sectional survey involving 165 middle school teachers from various regions in Indonesia was conducted. The survey data were triangulated through interviews and focus group discussions (FGDs) for deeper insights. Data analysis was performed using Smart-PLS 3, with findings visualized through regression and composite models. The findings highlight key competency standards, including effective, empathetic, and polite communication with educators (impact value: 0.180) and a wise personality (impact value: 0.128). The most significant personality variable identified was a teacher's sense of true life calling, showing a negative relationship with teaching performance (-0.290). Indicators of personality variables that significantly influenced teaching performance included appropriate dress compatibility (impact value: 0.102), respected behavior (impact value: 0.122), decisive speech (impact value: 0.194), swift attire presentation (impact value: 0.251), and a fit appearance (impact value: 0.098). From the teachers' perspectives, critical aspects of social and personality competencies that enhance teaching performance were effective communication with students and parents, a wise personality, and a strong sense of true life calling. These traits enable teachers to navigate challenges and adversities effectively.
Comparison of Da Vinci XI and Da Vinci SI Surgical Systems in Robot-Assisted Radical Prostatectomy
Authors: Papoyan A. O. , Urmantsev M. F. , Pavlov V. N.
Published: December 2024

Introduction. Robot-assisted radical prostatectomy is considered to be the “gold standard” for the radical treatment of prostate cancer, achieving excellent oncological outcomes with a low incidence of complications.

Aim. To analyze and compare the efficiency of Da Vinci Xi and Da Vinci Si surgical systems applied in performing robot-assisted radical prostatectomy. Materials and methods. 165 patients were divided into two groups: Xi-group (n = 77) and Si-group (n = 88). The perioperative characteristics and oncological outcomes were analyzed and compared.

Results. The demographic, clinical, and oncological characteristics of the two patient groups appeared similar and comparable. Interventions involving the preservation of the neurovascular bundle, the pelvic fascia, and the puboprostatic ligament were performed using Xi system significantly more often. The surgery duration was significantly shorter in the Xi-group. The postoperative recovery time and the incidence of postoperative complications appeared to be identical across both groups. No differences were revealed in the rates of positive surgical margins or biochemical recurrence.

Discussion. Reasons behind the reduced operative time were considered as follows: first, the docking of the Xi system is more user-friendly, resulting in decreased docking time; second, the operational efficiency of the Xi system had been enhanced, thereby leading to reduced workflow times; third, a number of collisions between robotic arms was significantly lower during the procedure, which accelerates the surgical process.

Conclusion. A robot-assisted radical prostatectomy performed by an experienced professional, using the Da Vinci Xi or Da Vinci Si surgical systems, appears to be safe and feasible without an increased risk of serious complications. However, the Xi system ensures better perioperative outcomes with comparable oncological results.
Implantation Antimicrobial Prophylaxis In General and Military Field Surgery
Authors: Plechev V. V. , Timerbulatov M. V. , Sufiyarov I. F.
Published: December 2024

Introduction. Surgical site infections of the postoperative period are well recognized as one of the most pressing issues in modern surgery. Surgical site infections significantly complicate the postoperative course, necessitates costly treatment, and may require additional surgical interventions, thereby extending hospital stays and adversely impacting quality of life of the patients. The suture material can facilitate the adhesion of microorganisms to its surface; thus, it is considered as one of the important factors contributing to the development of surgical site infections.

Aim. To evaluate and compare the clinical experience of applying the Abaktolat suture material featuring an antimicrobial coating used during surgical interventions.

Materials and methods. A retrospective randomized study was conducted involving 49287 patients who were treated across five various medical institutions primarily for abdominal pathologies. The Abaktolat suture material was applied in 25749 patients, of whom 15626 (60.7%) underwent emergency surgeries, while 10123 (39.3%) underwent elective procedures. The second group included 23538 patients who received standard suture material.

Results and discussion. The study demonstrated a statistically significant reduction in the incidence of postoperative infectious complications during emergency surgeries by more than four times (RR 4.23, 95% CI (4.08–4.96), p < 0.0001), and almost by two times during elective surgeries (RR 1.96, 95% CI (1.62–2.37), p < 0.0001) in the group that received Abaktolat, compared to those receiving standard suture materials. In addition, the average length of hospital stay was reduced by 21.6% (2.6 days).

Conclusion. Thus, the use of the Abaktolat suture material is a justified method for the prevention of surgical site infections, particularly in emergency surgery settings. This approach significantly reduces the incidence of infectious complications during the postoperative period, enhances the overall quality of recovery, and leads to substantial financial savings in the treatment of surgical patients.
Immunotherapy for Malignant Gliomas: Overcoming Barriers and Defining Prospects for Integrated Approaches
Authors: Beylerli O. A. , Musaev E. R. , Bukhvostov A. A.
Published: December 2024

In recent years significant advancements have been made in immunotherapy and its application in various types of malignancies. However, standard treatment methods for malignant gliomas, including glioblastoma, have not undergone substantial transformations. The main barriers to the application of immunotherapy in these tumors are associated with the specific characteristics of the tumor microenvironment, immunosuppressive status of the central nervous system, protective function of the blood-brain barrier, and challenges in interpreting neuroimaging data. Additionally, gliomas are characterized by low PD-L1 expression, low mutational burden, and high heterogeneity, which limits the effectiveness of immunotherapy. Nevertheless, clinical studies demonstrate promising results with the use of immune checkpoint inhibitors, viral therapies, vaccination, and adoptive T-cell therapy. The integration of immunotherapy with radiation therapy to enhance the immune response obtains high potential for managing oncological issues. Further research in this area, including the development of glioblastoma-specific biomarkers and adaptation of immunotherapy to the characteristics of tumor microenvironment will significantly improve the treatment outcomes for malignant gliomas.
Multimodal Approach to Imaging and Staging of Bladder Cancer: Diagnostic Standards and Future Trends
Authors: Kagarmanova A. Sh. , Baikov D. E. , Itkulov A. F. , Khafizov M. M.
Published: December 2024

The most significant factors influencing the effectiveness of bladder cancer treatment include a tumor subtype, degree of cellular anaplasia, assessment of the invasion depth into the bladder wall, identification of carcinoma in situ, extent of renal function impairment, quality of diagnostic procedures, accurate interpretation of the obtained data, continuity of care among specialists, and the patient’s motivation for treatment. The advent of ultra-high-field magnetic resonance imaging, 640-slice computed tomography, development of new radiopharmaceuticals, and advancements in software technology shape a multimodal approach aimed at identifying optimal diagnostic methods for bladder cancer. The present paper reviews a potential of multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging for determining the degree of neoplastic invasion into the layers of the bladder wall, a value of computed tomography with intravenous contrast enhancement in diagnosing locally advanced forms of the disease, and capabilities of positron emission tomography as a promising method for non-invasive characterization of tumor physiology with sensitivity in the picomolar range. The paper discusses advantages and disadvantages of the imaging modalities used in the diagnosis of urothelial carcinoma. In addition, the study explores the perfusion computed tomography as an alternative imaging technology for evaluating the layers of the bladder wall to be utilized in cases of absolute contraindications to magnetic resonance imaging.
Role of TRAP1 Protein in the Development and Progression of Glioblastoma
Authors: Gareev I. F. , Yasinskaya A. S. , Roumiantsev S. A. , Bukhvostov A. A.
Published: December 2024

Glioblastoma is recognized as the most aggressive type of primary brain tumor. Despite recent advances in understanding the molecular mechanisms involved in the biology of glioblastoma, patient survival rates remain disappointing, primarily due to the lack of effective treatment options. Tumor necrosis factor receptor-associated protein 1 (TRAP1), a member of the heat shock protein 90 (Hsp90) family, refers to a protein predominantly localized in the mitochondria that regulates both cellular metabolic reprogramming and mitochondrial apoptosis. This protein is highly expressed in several types of tumors, including colorectal cancer, breast cancer, prostate cancer, and lung cancer, and is often associated with drug resistance. However, TRAP1 is also downregulated in certain cancers such as ovarian cancer, bladder cancer, and renal cancer, where its lower expression correlates with poorer prognoses and chemoresistance. The role of TRAP1 lies in enhancing or suppressing oxidative phosphorylation, with the impact of such regulation on tumor development and progression being a matter of ongoing debate. These observations prompt further investigation into the mechanisms responsible for the dual role of TRAP1 as both an oncogene and a tumor suppressor in specific types of tumors, particularly glioblastoma. The present study reviews the role of TRAP1 in the development and progression of glioblastoma and discusses the potential of targeting TRAP1 as a novel therapeutic approach against tumors.
Hyponatremia in Neurosurgical Patients
Authors: Beylerli О. A. , Bukhvostov A. A.
Published: December 2024

Hyponatremia refers to a common and potentially dangerous electrolyte imbalance observed in neurosurgical patients, particularly following traumatic brain injuries, subarachnoid hemorrhages, brain tumors, and pituitary surgeries. The paper discusses primary causes and pathophysiology of hyponatremia, including the syndrome of inappropriate secretion of antidiuretic hormone, central adrenal insufficiency, and cerebral salt wasting syndrome. The paper presents differential diagnostic approaches for accurately identifying the underlying causes of hyponatremia, as well as therapeutic strategies that include hypertonic sodium solution infusions, hydrocortisone replacement therapy, and the use of vasopressin receptor antagonists. The study delineates the potential complications associated with overly rapid correction of sodium levels, such as osmotic demyelination syndrome. It emphasizes the importance of accurate diagnosis and timely treatment to enhance patient outcomes and minimize the risk of complications.
Clinical Case of Posterior Reversible Encephalopathy Syndrome in a Female Patient Undergoing Surgery for Rectal Cancer
Authors: Geraskinа M. M. , Galitsynа A. B. , Shuvaev V. A. , Gosteva S. S.
Published: December 2024

Introduction. Posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome (PRES) refers to a relatively obscure syndrome with unclear pathogenesis, leading to patient disability, occurring in 58% of cases against a background of arterial hypertension. Clinical manifestations include cephalalgia, epileptic seizures, and visual disturbances, potentially culminating in complete blindness. The clinical case represents a rare life-threatening condition that may pose challenges for an attending physician regarding the appropriate therapeutic strategy.

Aim. To demonstrate the occurrence of posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome during an anterior resection of the rectum, as well as to discuss the correct therapeutic strategy.

Materials and methods. A 63-year-old female patient with a history of chronic arterial hypertension was admitted for surgical intervention due to rectal cancer. The operation was performed under general anesthesia and marked by unstable hemodynamics, with blood pressure rising to 160/100 mmHg. After awakening, the patient exhibited loss of vision and coordination disturbances, accompanied by uncontrolled arterial hypertension, with blood pressure rising to 182/130 mmHg. Magnetic resonance imaging revealed areas of hyperintense signal bilaterally in the occipital lobes without signs of diffusion restriction. The neurological deficits were managed through a comprehensive therapeutic regimen, utilizing nootropics, antioxidants, and antihypoxic agents, in conjunction with appropriate antihypertensive treatment. Vision was restored within two weeks.

Results and discussion. The management of posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome following a hypertensive crisis during surgical intervention should encompass etiological treatment, alongside correction of neurological symptoms utilizing relevant pharmacological agents. An appropriate and timely treatment obtains high potential to resolve the syndrome.

Conclusion. Posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome may develop in patients with a history of arterial hypertension and manifest as a sudden onset of hemodynamic instability during and after surgical intervention, potentially leading to cortical blindness. In such cases, antihypertensive therapy, in conjunction with corrective medications, is advisable.
Acute Pancreatitis (A Clinical Case)
Authors: Khripun A. I. , Alimov A. N. , Orlov S. Yu. , Chelyapina T. P.
Published: December 2024

ntroduction. The diagnosis of acute pancreatitis poses no significant difficulties. Nonetheless, accurately predicting the potential severity of the disease during its early stages remains a challenge with existing diagnostic methods. Delayed diagnosis of pancreatic necrosis and the late initiation of intensive therapy contribute to a more severe disease course.

Materials and methods. The paper presents a case of recurrent choledocholithiasis as a complicating factor in acute biliary pancreatitis in a 58-year-old woman. A standardized technique of endoscopic ultrasound allowed for the timely identification of signs indicative of developing pancreatic necrosis, enabling the prevention of its progression through papillary sphincterotomy, choledocholithotripsy, and pancreatic stenting.

Results and discussion. Endosonographic features of pancreatic necrosis are visualizable in the early stages of acute pancreatitis. Changes such as Wirsung duct dilation and hypoechoic lesions in the pancreatic parenchyma provide grounds for pancreatic duct stenting with an expected clinical efficacy. The performance of endoscopic retrograde interventions in acute pancreatitis, including pancreatic stenting in particular, can halt the progression of pancreatic necrosis and contribute to a more rapid clinical and laboratory recovery.

Conclusion. The presented case demonstrates the high informativeness and effectiveness of endoscopic methods in the early diagnosis and treatment of acute biliary pancreatitis.
COMPARATIVE EVALUATION OF SURGICAL OUTCOMES IN NEONATES WITH CONGENITAL DIAPHRAGMATIC HERNIA TREATED BY LAPAROTOMY OR THORACOTOMY
Authors: Kryvchenya D. , Rudenko Y. , Shulzhyk I.
Published: December 2024

The choice of surgical approach often depends on the experience of the surgeon and the specific clinical situation. The lack of consensus makes it difficult to compare outcomes between centers and hinders the establishment of a standard for high-risk CDH patients.
Objective: to describe the structure and comparison of reoperation rates in children with congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH) based on surgical approach, to identify the major risk factors for reoperation, and to provide pathophysiologic rationale for the optimal surgical approach.
Materials and Methods: This single-center prospective cohort study compares the outcomes of surgical correction of CDH by laparotomy (n=53) and thoracotomy (n=41). The study included a neonatal group of children with high-risk left-sided CDH who underwent surgery at Ohmatdyt Hospital between 2000 and 2024. Follow-up was at least one year.
Clinical data were analyzed statistically. The mean (M) and standard deviation (SD), and the median (Me) and interquartile range (IQR) for metric data were calculated. Comparisons were made using the independent samples t-test with calculation of critical value (t) and statistical significance (p). For nominal data, the 2 criterion was used. The calculation of mortality risk included the assessment of absolute risks, their ratio (RR) with the determination of the error and 95% confidence interval. The analysis was performed with MS Excel and IBM SPSS Statistic 19.
The study was conducted in accordance with the tenets of the Declaration of Helsinki. The study protocol was approved by the Local Ethics Committee (LEC) of all institutions mentioned in the paper. Informed consent for the study was obtained from the parents (or guardians) of the children.
Results: The overall rate of surgical complications was higher in the laparotomy group (39.6% vs. 29.3%, p = 0.39), including the rate of reoperations (30.1% vs. 19.5%, p = 0.32) during the observation period. Complications such as adhesive and strangulation bowel obstruction and ventral hernia formation were more common in the laparotomy group. Recurrence and surgical treatment of GERD were almost equal (7.3% vs. 1.9%, p = 0.196). Early postoperative mortality was higher in the laparotomy group (32% vs. 17%, p=0.09).
Conclusions: Postnatal treatment of CDH by laparotomy is associated with a higher incidence of surgical complications such as bowel obstruction and ventral hernia formation. Mortality was also more common in the laparotomy group.
The use of thoracotomy as a surgical approach allows a pathogenetically justified correction of CDH by applying the developed concept of thoracalization of the abdominal cavity. This creates conditions for reducing the incidence of complications and improving the results of CDH repair.
PLACENTA ACCRETA SPECTRUM: MODERN APPROACH TO ORGAN-PRESERVATION
Authors: Lakatosh V. , Lakatosh P. , Bondarenko N. , Kupchik V. , Antonyuk M. , Dola O.
Published: December 2024

Pathologically invasive placenta has been a problem in obstetrics for several centuries. Recently, its importance has increased due to the growing number of women with a previously operated or compromised uterus, which is a direct risk factor for placenta accreta. In addition to the unpleasant development of events during childbirth for the obstetrician-gynecologist, this pathology is a danger to the mother's health. And this is not surprising, because even with quick action of the surgeon and prevention of massive blood loss after hysterectomy - a classic surgical procedure for implantation of the placenta - such women lose their reproductive organ, which can cause social and psychological discomfort. That is why organ-preserving operations are being developed today, the results of the evaluation of the effectiveness of one of them are given in this work.
Aim: to compare the effectiveness of the proposed organ-preserving CLAP technique in women with placenta accreta spectrum compared to classic hysterectomy.
Materials and methods: Women with placenta accreta spectrum underwent cesarean section and CLAP in the main group (n=19) and classical hysterectomy in the control group (n=18). Blood loss, neonatal outcome, and length of hospital stay were compared. Statistical analysis was performed using MedStat and Microsoft Excel software. Patients' rights were respected in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki and the Universal Declaration of Bioethics and Human Rights (UNESCO). All pregnant women signed an informed consent form to participate in the study.
Results: The two groups did not differ in terms of age, medical history and comorbidities. Statistically less blood loss was found in the main group (2377±322 ml vs. 3339±358 ml in the control group, p<0.001), while there was no difference in the condition of newborns, postpartum women, and length of hospital stay.
Conclusions: The use of the CLAP technique in comparison with hysterectomy allows, in addition to the preservation of the female reproductive organ, to achieve less blood loss during surgical delivery of a pathologically invasive placenta, without changing the condition of the newborn, the postpartum woman, or the length of hospital stay. At the same time, in comparison with other organ-preserving techniques, CLAP does not require the use of special additional equipment and can be performed in any medical institution with sufficient qualifications of the surgeon.
EFFECTIVENESS OF DISTRACTION AND ORTHOGNATHIC INTERVENTION IN THE TREATMENT OF MESIAL OCCLUSION IN PATIENTS WITH MAXILLARY UNDERDEVELOPMENT
Authors: Skrypnyk I. , Schnaider S. , Dienha O. , Novikova Z. , Rachynskyi S. , Demyd O.
Published: December 2024

Mesial occlusion is a complex orthodontic pathology that adversely affects facial aesthetics, masticatory function, and patient quality of life, making timely treatment critical. One of the modern methods of correction is distraction osteogenesis, which allows gradual expansion of bone structures while minimizing the risk of relapse. The choice of treatment is based on the patient's clinical presentation, with distraction being a priority in cases where traditional surgery is contraindicated.
Aim of the study was a detailed analysis of the effectiveness and safety of various treatment methods for mesial occlusion in adult patients with maxillary underdevelopment.
Material and methods. The study included 15 adolescent patients between the ages of 19 and 23 with skeletal mesial occlusion. Baseline diagnostic data were obtained for each patient, and the volume of bone tissue in the vestibulo-oral direction at the site of planned implant placement was assessed during preparation for implant placement. Statistically significant differences between alternative quantitative characteristics with normal distributions were evaluated using Student's t-test. A difference was considered statistically significant at p<0.01. The study was carried out in compliance with the main provisions of the Council of Europe Convention on Human Rights and Biomedicine (4 April 1997), the World Medical Association Declaration of Helsinki on the Ethical Principles for Scientific Medical Research Involving Human Subjects (1964-2013), ICH GCP (1996), orders of the Ministry of Health of Ukraine No. 690 of 23.09.2009, No. 944 of 14.12.2009, No. 616 of 03.08.2012. The work is a fragment of the research project “Correction of violations of osteogenesis processes in the treatment and prevention of complications of dental diseases wartime” state registration No. 0123U103247.
Results. The results of the study showed that in adult patients, orthognathic surgery ensures favorable skeletal outcomes for maxillary mesialization. However, when the replacement of lateral incisors with canines is feasible, this treatment approach may reduce the number of rehabilitation stages while achieving dentoalveolar relationships that conform to normal standards. The use of distraction osteogenesis in adult patients has yielded good results and may be justified in cases of critical reduction of maxillary body dimensions or contraindications to conventional orthognathic surgery.
Conclusion. Distraction osteogenesis and orthognathic procedures effectively correct mesial occlusion, ensuring a stable increase in the sagittal dimension of the maxilla and improving occlusion. Replacement of lateral incisors with canines minimizes the need for additional surgery in cases of agenesis. The choice of treatment method should be based on individual clinical indications and risk assessment for each patient.
PHARMACOLOGICAL SAFETY OF ANTIEPILEPTIC DRUGS IN PREGNANT AND LACTATING WOMEN
Authors: Semeniv D. , Kalko K. , Kopyova N. , Khomenko V. , Kovalenko P. , Berezhnyi Ye. , Sadovnyk O.
Published: December 2024

The number of people of reproductive age with epilepsy is increasing worldwide, leading to an increase in the prevalence of epilepsy during pregnancy [1]. Pregnant women with epilepsy are at increased risk of adverse obstetric and fetal outcomes, including increased risk of birth defects and delayed neurocognitive development, compared with women without epilepsy [2, 3]. Seizures during pregnancy can be harmful to both the mother and fetus, increasing the risk of physical injury and metabolic stress, slowed fetal heart rate, hypoxia, preterm birth, and low birth weight [4].
The aim of this study was to analyze the safety profile of commonly used antiepileptic drugs in terms of efficacy and safety and to summarize possible changes in their pharmacokinetics during pregnancy.
Materials and methods. The analysis of efficacy, safety, and pharmacokinetic characteristics of antiepileptic drugs was performed on the PubMed platform. The literature search included the following keywords: antiepileptic drugs, anticonvulsants, pregnancy, lactation. The chronological characteristics of the search included information sources from 2003 to 2024, including 88% (37 of 42 literature references) dated in the last 5 years, i.e. from 2019 to 2024. Information sources in English, German, French, Spanish and Japanese were used for the analysis.
Results and discussion. The analysis showed that valproate is the most potent teratogenic drug, with a dose-dependent risk of major congenital malformations (up to 10%) in the population. Lamotrigine and levetiracetam are considered relatively safe for use during pregnancy and lactation, but recent studies suggest that levetiracetam is associated with an increased risk of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder and anxiety, whereas lamotrigine is considered safer with respect to postnatal neurodevelopment. Lacosamide and oxcarbazepine are characterized by relative safety during pregnancy, although data are inconclusive in assessing the risk of perinatal mortality with oxcarbazepine monotherapy. Pregabalin is not teratogenic; however, abnormalities of the central nervous system, eyes, genitourinary system, and facial clefts have been observed in newborns exposed to pregabalin. With gabapentin, atypical and/or difficult-to-control signs and symptoms of withdrawal have been observed in newborns, suggesting in utero exposure. Zonisamide administration was associated with a risk of teratogenesis that was directly related to the dose of the drug used by the pregnant woman, at least during the first half of pregnancy.
TELEREHABILITATION. CURRENT OPPORTUNITIES AND PROBLEMS OF REMOTE PATIENT MONITORING
Authors: Romanchuk O. , Polianska O. , Polianskyi I. , Yasinska O.
Published: December 2024

In the last five years, against the background of the appearance of COVID-19 in the world, the direction of remote telerehabilitation is intensively developing, which requires the improvement and implementation of new approaches to the patients conditions` synchronous monitoring with the involvement of the latest technical developments.
The purpose of the study. To explore the latest publications on the possibilities of remote monitoring of patients during rehabilitation examinations and synchronous telerehabilitation procedures.
Research material and methods. Publications of foreign scientists in the fields of clinical, physical and rehabilitation medicine, biometrics, digital technologies on the implementation of synchronous monitoring technologies for the condition of patients with various pathologies
The results. Research of modern publications has shown that conducting synchronous sessions of remote examination of patients allows with a high degree of probability to conduct a general examination of the patient, conduct anthropometric and some functional studies. Among the latest –studies of changes in heart rate, blood pressure, respiratory rate, oxygen saturation, ECG and EEG data. Their results can be transmitted for direct evaluation by a doctor. There are certain problems during synchronous performance of tests with physical load to failure due to the impossibility of observing safety conditions. Technical solutions have been found for the transmission of bimetric signals during the telerehabilitation procedure. Thus, the combination of virtual reality or augmented reality with devices such as robots, sensors and wearables can be used for remote monitoring, assessment and diagnosis. These advanced methods pave the way for the transition from traditional to personalized rehabilitation by identifying the needs of each patient and tailoring the rehabilitation process to their individual characteristics.
Conclusions. The development of modern technologies and digital medicine has led to the emergence of the remote provision of services in the rehabilitation system, which on the one hand significantly increases the possibilities of access to the rehabilitation system, and on the other hand significantly increases the requirements for their implementation. First of all, this concerns the safety of telerehabilitation procedures. Adherence to basic safety requirements should be given due attention, which can be achieved, first of all, with the use of remote synchronous monitoring of the patient's condition, when the PhRM doctor can objectify changes in the patient's body under the direct influence of telerehabilitation tools.
FUNCTIONS AND INDIVIDUAL MECHANISMS OF INFLUENCE OF BIFIDOBACTERIA ON THE STATE OF HEALTH OF INFANTS (Literary review)
Authors: Znamenska T. , Vorobiova O.
Published: December 2024

Bifidobacteria are members of the human intestinal microbiota, and some strains may have health-promoting effects. The genus Bifidobacterium belongs to the phylum Actinobacteria. Firmicutes, Bacteroidetes, and Actinobacteria are the most abundant phyla in the human gut microbiota, with Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes predominating in adults and Actinobacteria in breast-fed infants, where Bifidobacteria can reach levels exceeding 90% of the total bacterial population. They are among the first microbial colonizers of the newborn gut and play a key role in the development of its physiology, including the maturation of the immune system and the utilization of food components. In fact, some nutrients, such as human milk oligosaccharides, are important factors in the development of bifidobacteria. There is now well-documented scientific evidence of the efficacy of bifidobacteria-containing products in some intestinal and extraintestinal pathologies. In this review, we will focus on the role of bifidobacteria as members of the human intestinal microbiota and their use as probiotics for disease prevention and treatment.
ASTROCYTOMA OF THE CERVICAL SPINAL CORD IN AN INFANT WITH TORTICOLLIS
Authors: Aryaev M. , Kaplina L. , Usenko D. , Vykhodchenko L. , Streltsov M. , Klimanova O.
Published: December 2024

The relevance of the problem is determined by the rather high prevalence of central nervous system (CNS) tumors in children and the need for oncologic vigilance. The presentation of the clinical case illustrates the need for careful analysis of the initial clinical signs, which are usually nonspecific and may resemble symptoms of other diseases. A case from practice describes the timely diagnosis of pilocytic astrocytoma in a child of the first year of life with torticollis as the debut of the disease. The diagnosis was made on the basis of a thorough clinical, neurological, and immunohistochemical examination and the use of neuroimaging techniques with the goal of further surgical, medical, and radiation treatment.
The aim of the work. Description of a clinical case of astrocytoma of the cervical spinal cord, which manifested itself as torticollis in a child in the first year of life.
Material and methods of the research. Clinical, biochemical, immunohistochemical, and imaging examination of a child of toddler age.
Results of the research. A child with manifestations of torticollis at the age of eleven months was studied. Variants of congenital and acquired torticollis and inflammatory diseases of the central nervous system were excluded. According to clinical, neurological, and neuroimaging examinations, the diagnosis was made: benign intramedullary neoplasm of the spinal cord, pilocytic astrocytoma C5-Th2. Surgical intervention was performed with partial removal of the tumor with histochemical examination, followed by restorative therapy and observation in the distant postoperative period.
Conclusions. Sudden appearance of symptoms of torticollis in a child in the first year of life may indicate the presence of a CM tumor. Early diagnosis allows to provide the child with highly specialized care, perform surgical intervention, and contribute to the improvement of the general condition and quality of life.
ENTERAL NUTRITION OF PRETERM INFANTS (2022): A POSITION PAPER FROM THE EUROPEAN SOCIETY FOR PAEDIATRIC GASTROENTEROLOGY, HEPATOLOGY AND NUTRITION AND INVITED EXPERTS
Authors: Konchakovska T. , Shunko E.
Published: December 2024

A professional translation into Ukrainian of the updated ESPGHAN Nutrition Committee consensus statements and recommendations on nutrient intake and nutritional management for preterm infants with birth weight <1800 g. These recommendations can be used in clinical practice, but highlight the lack of convincing evidence in several topic areas and the need for further high quality research, especially studies that assess long-term functional outcomes.
The article is accompanied by additional digital content that provides a more complete explanation of the literature and relevant physiology: introduction and overview; background on human milk; intake of water, protein, energy, fat, carbohydrate, electrolytes, minerals, trace elements, water-soluble vitamins and fat-soluble vitamins; feeding regimen, including minimum enteral feeding, rate of increase in feeding volume, management of gastric residues, gastric tube placement and bolus or continuous feeding Growth; breast milk, oral colostrum, donor breast milk and risk of cytomegalovirus infection; hydrolysed protein and osmolality; supplemental bionutrients and use of breast milk fortification.