bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
ALTERNATIVE SCENARIOS OF HABITAT (ASH) - HOC EST VIVERE BIS, VITA POSSE PRIORE FRUI
Authors: Malakhov Sergey Alekseevich , Repina Evgenia Aleksandrovna
Published: April 2020

The article considers the authors concept of the architectural process based on the articulation of the conflict between the pragmatic attitudes of the system and the humanitarian values of architecture. Using the example of creative experiments of modernism masters and our own projects, we demonstrate the complex nature of the relationship between the aspirations of architects to express high meanings of culture and the concern of clients with the problem of survival and comfort. The authors feel justified consensus with the client when the architect still manages to maintain the draft the spirit to overcome the routine norms of the system and transform into a new form the ethos of dwelling in it. We are talking about the experience of creating such projects, which are based on the idea of changing insights, the shape of the house and, accordingly, the meaning of living in it. The author emphasizes the connection of this concept with the architectural experiments of two mutually integrated epochs: modernism and postmodernism, in the phenomenal history of which the task of architecture is reinterpreted, surpassing the current (and in General - profane) idea of architecture as the embodiment of the generally accepted. The design ideas of Le Corbusier, Mies van der Rohe, Theo van Dusburg, Gerrit Rietveld, Carlo Mollino, and other conceptual architects always show an attitude of opposition to self-evident standards, starting from the form and ending with the way of life. What we call alternative scenarios of habitation - ASH - can be considered as a unique reality that combines design developments and a special type of new gesamtkunstwerk that returns us to the idea of transforming reality by means of an artistic work, specifically, by means of an architectural form. In the proposed ASH concept, we rely on the theoretical research and design experiments of our joint workshop.
Application of a quasi-linear visco-elastic model for the creep of a non-heterogeneous geological media prediction
Authors: Maslov B. P.
Published: April 2020

The problem of computer modeling of physical and mechanical processes in geological environments whose properties change in time is considered. The theoretical substantiation of approaches to the method of constructing micromechanical geophysical models of a porous medium with a liquid is proposed. The analysis of the current state of the problem of construction of calculated nonlinear models of multiphase geological environments is carried out and the necessity of using nonlinear rheology approaches is indicated. The results obtained earlier within the elastic linear and nonlinear domains of the behavior of the medium are generalized to the case of visco-elastic quasilinear behavior. The method of identification of creep parameters and permeability of multiphase porous medium and forecasting algorithms is proposed on the basis of developed numerical-analytical modeling of effective physical and mechanical properties of fluid-saturated rocks. Considered variants of random or periodic microstructure. The model is based on the use of the fundamental relations of the mechanics of the viscoelastic continuous medium, integral Fourier transforms and Laplace-Carson using the corresponding numerical algorithms.
Determination of quasi-static thermoelastic state of layered thermosensitive plates
Authors: Protsiuk B. V.
Published: April 2020

The technique of determining the quasistatic thermoelastic state of the layered thermosensitive plates free of load is illustrated. Much attention is paid to finding analytical-numerical solutions of one-dimensional non-stationary heat conduction problems taking into account the temperature dependences of the thermal and temperature conductivity coefficients. Their finding involves use of the Kirchhoff transformation, generalized functions, Green's functions of the corresponding linear heat conduction problem, exact sums of the series, in particular those for which the Gibbs effect takes place, linear splines and solving the received recurrent systems of nonlinear algebraic equations relative to the values in the nodes of the spline of the Kirchhoff variable on the layer division surfaces and the derivative in time on inner flat-parallel surfaces of layers. The results of numerical calculations of temperature fields in two-layer plates with different thicknesses of layers and the external surface heated by a constant heat flux are presented. The accuracy of the found solution is investigated. The comparison of the temperature fields, which are determined assuming simple nonlinearity, stable thermophysical characteristics with the ones based on the exact solution of the corresponding nonlinear stationary heat conduction problem is fulfilled.
Integrated stratigraphy of the Guşteriţa clay pit: a key section for the early Pannonian (late Miocene) of the Transylvanian Basin (Romania)
Authors: Botka Dániel , Magyar Imre , Csoma Vivien , Tóth Emőke , Šujan Michal , Ruszkiczay-Rüdiger Zsófia , Chyba Andrej , Braucher Régis , Sant Karin , Ćorić Stjepan , Baranyi Viktória , Bakrač Koraljka , Krizmanić Krešimir , Bartha István Róbert , Szabó Márton , Silye Lóránd
Published: April 2020

The Neogene Transylvanian Basin (TB), enclosed between the eastern and southern Carpathians and the Apuseni Mountains in Romania, is a significant natural gas province with a long production history. In order to improve the (bio) stratigraphic resolution, correlations and dating in the several 100-m-thick upper Miocene (Pannonian) succession of the basin, the largest and most fossiliferous outcrop at Guşteriţa (northeastern part of Sibiu) was investigated and set as a reference section for the Congeria banatica zone in the entire TB. Grey, laminated and massive silty marl, deposited in the deep-water environment of Lake Pannon, was exposed in the ~55-m-high outcrop. The uppermost 25 m of the section was sampled in high resolution (sampling per metres) for macro- and microfossils, including palynology; for authigenic 10Be/9Be dating and for magnetostratigraphy; in addition, macrofossils and samples for authigenic 10Be/9Be isotopic measurements were collected from the lower part of the section as well. The studied sedimentary record belongs to the profundal C. banatica mollusc assemblage zone. The upper 25 m can be correlated to the Hemicytheria tenuistriata and Propontoniella candeo ostracod biozones, the uppermost part of the Spiniferites oblongus, the entire Pontiadinium pecsvaradense and the lowermost part of the Spiniferites hennersdorfensis organic-walled microplankton zones. All samples contained endemic Pannonian calcareous nannofossils, representing the Noelaerhabdus bozinovicae zone. Nine samples were analysed for authigenic 10Be/9Be isotopic measurements. The calculated age data of six samples provided a weighted mean value of 10.42 ± 0.39 Ma. However, three samples within the section exhibited higher isotopic ratios and yielded younger apparent ages. A nearly twofold change in the initial 10Be/9Be ratio is a possible reason for the higher measured isotopic ratios of these samples. Magnetostratigraphic samples showed normal polarity for the entire upper part of the outcrop and can be correlated with the C5n.2n polarity chron (11.056–9.984 Ma, ATNTS2012), which is in agreement with the biostratigraphic data. Based on these newly obtained data and correlation of the biozones with other parts of the Pannonian Basin System, the Guşteriţa section represents the ~ 11.0–10.5 Ma interval, and it is a key section for correlation of mollusc, ostracod, dinoflagellate and calcareous nannoplankton biostratigraphic records within this time interval.
Change of the Patient’s Life Style as a Target for Psychological Rehabilitation: Organization of Rehabilitation as an Interpersonal Activity on Personal and Interpersonal Levels
Authors: Rasskazova E.I. , Tkhostov A.S. , Kovyazina M.S. , Varako N.A.
Published: April 2020

Development of health behavior in patients is an important task of psychological rehabilitation. The models of behavior change and their application in psychological rehabilitation are analyzed. We discuss applications of the PROCEED–PROCEED model to the evaluation of rehabilitation. The value of the model is in the possibility to operationalize and formalize assessment of the effectiveness of the organization of rehabilitation. Based on interdependence theory the importance of achieving consistency of rehabilitation goals and the gradual transformation of expectations is discussed. The effectiveness of rehabilitation and the possibility of patient's behavior change at early stage are associated with the formation of interpersonal relationships that are consistent with the expectations of the patient and his family. The lifestyle changes and active participation of the patient in rehabilitation can only be provided by the transformation of one’s relations with specialists. Subsequently, this interaction has to be reconstructed in the direction of greater participation and responsibility of the patient.
Altered Perception of Age in Pedophilia and Pedophilic Disorder
Authors: Demidova L.Y. , Zobnina N.V. , Dvoryanchikov N.V. , Vvedensky G.E. , Kamenskov M. , Kuptsova D.M.
Published: April 2020

The article presents data from an empirical study of the features for age perception in pedophilia (ICD-10) / pedophilic disorder (ICD-11). We consider a phenomenon of individuals with pedophilia what often want to be like children or feel themselves like them. An analytical review of the literature on the subjective perception of age and age identity is provided. The question is discussed on how the chronological assessment of the live time is transformed into a subjective assessment of one's own age, as well as the mechanisms underlying such kind of transformation (in particular, successful or unsuccessful experience of socialization). Three groups of individuals are compared: persons accused of sexual crimes with diagnosis of pedophilia (21 examinees), without such a diagnosis (21 examinees) and 45 examinees of the control group. All of them completed the test on “Age Identity”, “Color Test of Affective Tones” and “Coding”. According to the results the actual and ideal self-image in pedophilia is more infantile and similar to the image of a child. Obtained data indicate the immaturity of sexual sphere in examinees with pedophilia, they perceive sexuality in communicative and playing context.
Relationship Between the Psychological Development of Preschool Children with Speech Pathology and the Level of Development of Emotional Intelligence
Authors: Koval O.A.
Published: April 2020

The article reveals the features of emotional and cognitive development of preschool children with speech pathology, and their relationship with the level of development of emotional intelligence of parents. The relevance is caused by a marked increase in the number of children with speech pathology and insufficient study of the problem. The study involved 79 child-parent pairs, of which 51 children aged 4-5 years have speech disorders, and 28 children of the same age range are characterized by normative speech development. Found that children of the experimental sample statistically significant differ from their peers in the control group in the development of both cognitive and emotional spheres. The connections between the development of cognitive and emotional spheres of preschool children and the level of development of emotional intelligence of parents, as well as the style of emotional education implemented by them, are revealed. Parents of children in the experimental group have significant differences in the level of development of such components of emotional intelligence as interpersonal and intrapersonal emotion management, control of external manifestations of emotions, integrative indicators of interpersonal emotional intelligence and emotion management. Parents of preschoolers with speech pathologies are more likely to implement a disapproving style of emotional education, do not show interest in forming a child's ideas about emotions.
Preschoolers Attachment to the Mother and its Impact on Mental Health
Authors: Kuftyak E.V. , Zadorova J.A.
Published: April 2020

The research shows influence of attachment to mother on psychological health of pre-school children. 163 preschoolers aged 5 to 7 years examined. The evaluation of different areas of attachment of child to mother was held using "Mother-child attachment style measure questionnaire" (E.V. Pupyreva, 2007), the psychological health of children was measured by "Strength and Difficulties Questionnaire"(E.R. Slobodskaya et al., 2005). It has been found that by the end of pre-school age the perception of mother in the capacity of support source is becoming noticeable for boys. Shown that in children who demonstrate insecure attachment, registered emotional symptoms and internal problems, meanwhile children with secure attachment type are following the prosociality in behavior. Concluded that the act of reliable attachment (acceptance of a child by mother, emotional sensibility of mother) is the important predictor of mental health. Insufficient support of children by mother and small need of mother presence increase possibility of the emotional disturbance and the behavioral problems.
Ethylene, 1-MCP and the Antitranspirant Effect of Active Compound-Film Forming Blend
Authors: Degif Amha Besufkad , Woltering Ernst
Published: April 2020

Pot plant production in greenhouse is most of the time under high relative humidity and frequent irrigation, whereas during shipment and retailing plants may be exposed to high temperature and infrequent irrigation. These unfavorable conditions often cause water loss, desiccation of plants and short shelf life. To reduce the deteriorating effect of water loss, application of antitranspirants is one of the integral measures to take. In the first experiment, we evaluated the antitranspirant effect of two physiologically active gaseous compounds Ethylene and 1-MCP (1-methylcyclopropane) and their interaction with the successful active compound ABA (Abscisic acid). In the second experiment, with the aim of discovering a more potent antitranspirant, we evaluated the efficacy of an active compound-film forming blend. Excised leaves of Spathiphyllum sweet checo were sprayed with different preparations. Weight loss (transpiration) as gram of water per gram of initial leaf weight and stomatal conductance were measured. In the first experiment, 10 ppm Ethylene and 500 ppb 1-MCP found to reduce water loss conspicuously and negatively interacted with 1.5 mM ABA. In the second experiment, a potent mixture of active compound-film forming antitranspirants: ABA 1.5 mM + Leaf Shine 1:20 followed by SA (Salicylic acid) 5 mM + Leaf Shine 1:20 and SNP (Sodium nitroprusside) 200 µM + Leaf Shine 1:20 were discovered. In both experiments, significant positive correlations were found between weight loss and stomatal conductance (R= 0.975, 0.987, P<0.05).
Bioactive Compounds from Aspergillus Terreus MP15, an Endophytic Fungus Isolated from Swietenia Macrophylla Leaf
Authors: Yin Olivia Chan Jade , Ibrahim Darah , Lee Chong Chai
Published: April 2020

Endophytes are important sources for the discovery of bioactive compounds. They are known as potential producers of novel compounds with antimicrobial activity. In this study, it aimed to study the bioactive metabolites present in the ethyl acetate extract from the endophytic fungus Aspergillus terreus MP15 of Swietenia macrophylla leaf. The ethyl acetate extract showed promising antibacterial activity against Gram-positive foodborne bacteria (Bacillus cereus, Bacillus spizizenii, Bacillus subtilis and Staphylococcus aureus) in disc diffusion assay. The extract was then subjected to thin layer chromatography (TLC) using dichloromethane: methanol (9:1) as a mobile solvent system and eleven spots with diverse polarities were obtained. The TLC chromatogram with bioactive spot was localized with bioautography assay and the result showed that the yellow spot with Rf value of 0.523 exhibited promising antibacterial activity against the four Gram-positive bacteria tested. Upon partial purification of the yellow bioactive fraction using column chromatography, the fraction 2a exhibited promising antibacterial activity. The GC-MS analysis of the yellow fraction 2a resulted in the detection of a major compound, di-n-octyl phthalate with 80% matching factor. Therefore, this compound may largely contribute to the antibacterial activity of the fraction and has potential to be food preservative and as a colorant. These results indicate that endophytic fungi isolated from medicinal plants could be a potential source for bioactive compounds.
Cancer Incidence in Nigeria and Border Countries
Authors: Baba Isa Abdullahi , Hincal Evren
Published: April 2020

Many inequalities in cancer incidence exist between Nigeria and border countries. This information is absent or largely unavailable.

Benin, Cameroun, Chad, Niger, and Nigeria cover a population of more than 224,922,000. Globocan data base supplied incidence for 132,939cases of cancer for these countries. The prevalence of Bladder, Colorectum, Kaposi sarcoma, Larynx, Leukaemia, Lip, oral cavity, Liver, Lungwas estimated for the year 2012.The prevalence of Nasopharynx, Non – Hodgkin, Lymphoma, Pancrease, Prostrate, Stomach combined was also estimated for the same year.

The most common male cancer found in Nigeria and border countries is Prostate cancer, seconded by Liver. In this study also we found Breast cancer to be the most common in females, followed by Cervical Cancer. Larynx and Kaposi sarcoma are found to be the least common cancer for both males and females in the population.

In conclusion, the findings of this study gave lights to some guidelines to aid the design of cancer control programs in Nigeria and border countries.  The spectrum of the cancers is dominated by the breast & Cervix uteri for females, while Prostate & Liver for males.
Comparative Study of Absorbed Doses in Different Phantom Materials and Fabrication of a Suitable Phantom
Authors: Rahman M. A. , Bhuiyan Md. Tofajjol Hoseen , Rahman M. M. , Chowdhury M.N.
Published: April 2020

In Cancer treatment (radiotherapy) centers, Phantom is important in Quality Assurance routine check and absolute dosimetry conformation. Water is IAEA standard phantom material. But it has some technical difficulty in practical uses and other solid phantoms such as Polystyrene, PMMA is very expensive and locally not available. Hence, the purpose of this paper is to find out a phantom that will be technically very sound, cost effective and locally available. This study reveals that paraffin wax, which has some approximately similar properties (i.e. chemical composition, mass density and number of electrons/gram) to water, can be used as alternative of solid water phantom because of their proximity to the dose absorption property of water which is even better than some of the conventional solid phantoms used in radiation dosimetry. It is also found that paraffin wax phantom with air-bubble inside behaves differently to the radiation absorbing dose and therefore in dose absorption and dose conversion (scaling) factor.
Experiencing Our Town
Authors: Zoeller Aimee Nicole , George Towers  , Katherine Wills
Published: April 2020

The multifacted experiences of being a woman and an immigrant in Indiana was co-discovered and articulated through writing workshops supported by Indiana University Purdue University faculty and staff.  The writing workshop participants were photographed near community landmarks.  Their narratives, along with the photographs, were displayed in public spaces, including City Hall.
Community-Engaged Research (CER) as the Avenue to Promoting Well-being and Recovery in Drug Court
Authors: Gallagher John Robert , Nordberg Anne , Minasian Raychel , Szymanowski Sydney , Carlton Jesse , Fee Kristin , Woodward Miller Jane , Horsley John , Paiano Tara
Published: April 2020

Drug courts are an alternative to incarceration for individuals who have substance use disorders and have been arrested for drug-related crimes (e.g. possession of a controlled substance). The first drug court began in 1989 in Florida and it is estimated that there are over 3,000 drug courts now operating throughout the United States.  This community-engaged research (CER) evaluated the St. Joseph County (Indiana) drug court by identifying who was most likely to graduate, who was most likely to recidivate, and whether drug court or probation was more effective at reducing criminal recidivism.  Furthermore, although drug courts are found in many communities, research rarely describes the process used to develop and implement CER.  Therefore, this article also highlights the collaborative process used in this drug court evaluation.   The findings from this study suggest that the St. Joseph County (Indiana) drug court is an effective program at reducing criminal recidivism and a valuable resource for individuals who have substance use disorders, the community, and other stakeholders. Drug court participants were less likely to recidivate than probationers, and a lower recidivism rate clearly equates to many benefits to the community.  The article concludes with community-based implications, such as starting recovery support groups that are welcoming to individuals who receive medication-assisted treatment (MAT), marketing drug court to racial and ethnic minorities to increase their representation in drug court, and disseminating research findings throughout the community via local news stories and public lectures.
Lifelong Learning
Authors: Ellen Szarleta
Published: April 2020

The issues facing communities, particularly urban communities, often elicit demands for action and positive social change. These demands create challenges and opportunities for universitycommunity partnerships grounded in relationship-building processes. Addressing the immediate and pressing concerns of communities, while building mutually beneficial relationships requires more than modifying an existing process; it requires innovative solutions based on systems change.
Forecasting The Demand of Jernang Extract (Daemonorops spp) in The Export Market
Authors: Fitriandi Dedy , Mulyo Jangkung Handoyo , Darwanto Dwidjono Hadi
Published: April 2020

One indicator of a country’s progress is economic growth. In an economic growth, export is an important component in contributing to a positive trade and balance. Indonesia as one of the developing countries always looking for a various way to increase the number of export value. To achieve these goals, Indonesia started the exploitation of its forest to obtain more valuable commodities that are in demands by the global markets. One of the high-value forest plants that have the zero potential to the environment damage is the Jernang extract (Daemonorops sp) that has been used as a raw material in the manufacture of the traditional medicine in several countries, e.g. China, Taiwan, and Hong Kong. The opportunity to make Jernang extract as one of the major foreign commodities for the country’s development is relatively open. But in the current situation, the utilization of Jernang extract has not been fully used and the matter of fact that there is limited information about the world’s demand for the Jernang extract. The aim of this study is to find out the possibility of the needs of Jernang extract in the future. All the data regarding the Jernang extract will be processed using the methodology of Single Exponential Smoothing Techniques. The result of this study shows that the demand of jernang was fluctuated but still in the trend of large demand. This study recommends that the government need to encourage people to develop Jernang plantation.
Investigating Work-Family Conflict Status and Its Relationship with Teachers’ Demographic Features of Shahrekord: Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Etemadinezhad Siavash , Zafarian Leila , Yazdani Charati Jamshid , Ahmadi Mojtaba
Published: April 2020

Background: increasing the number of families with employed men and women leads to changes in families' structure during recent years that these structural changes have disrupted family and work-life balance and have caused family-work conflict. Work-family conflict is an inter-role conflict that has been created due to incompatible pressures in work and family domains. Therefore, the present study aims at investigating work-family conflict among the teachers' population of Shahrekord and its relationship with demographic features. Methods: the present study is descriptive-analytical research, which has been conducted among 346 teachers in Shahrekord in 2019. Carlson Work-Family Conflict Questionnaire used to measure work-family conflict in this study. SPSS v22 has analyzed collected data through Pearson correlation statistical tests, independent t-test, variance analysis, and multivariate analysis of variance. Results: there is a statistically meaningful relationship between conflict parameters (time, pressure, and behavior) and general conflict (P < 0.01). Time parameter has a more meaningful relationship with public conflict; also, there is no statistically significant relationship between demographic parameters of age, work experience, and income in different levels of conflict (P > 0.05). Conclusion: generally, the current study revealed that Shahrekord teachers had experienced work-family conflict, in which the main problem was related to the work-family conflict in a way that occupational status intervenes in family life. Also, the time factor has the most effect on the incidence of conflict that is the time which has to be assigned to a work or family field, intervenes in the necessary time for another domain. There was no meaningful relationship between work-family conflict and parameters of age, gender, marital status, work experience, and income, which have been considered in this study.
Treatment of Acute Lymphoid Leukemia Refractory to Classic First-Line and Rescue Protocols
Authors: Russo Flávia Tobaldini , Martins de Almeida Macedo Maria Cristina , Fernades1 Pedro Amoedo , Yukari Okada Larissa , Monetta da Silva Lucas Augusto , Simões Camila Menin , Cavalcante Jamilla Neves , Simões Aline de Almeida , Sampaio Almeida Manuella de Souza , Viol Ferreira Lopes Maricy Almeida , Luiz da Silva Roberto
Published: April 2020

Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia is a very aggressive malignant disorder of lymphoid cells in adults, with recurrence (30 to 60% of the cases) after the initial treatment. Until this moment, there is no gold standard therapy for the treatment of adult patients with acute relapsed/refractory lymphoblastic leukemia. In this case report, we describe two cases of relapsed leukemia: one of lymphocytic leukemia B and one of trilineage leukemia, which presented a satisfactory response to treatment with Bortezomib associated with Vincristine, Dexamethasone, and Bendamustine.
Molecular Identification of Leishmania Species in Phlebotomus alexandri (Diptera: Psychodidae) in Western Iran
Authors: Naghian Abdollah , Oshaghi Mohammad Ali , Moein-Vaziri Vahideh , Rassi Yavar , Sedaghat Mohammad Mehdi , Mostafavi Ehsan , Veysi Arshad , Soleimani Hassan , Dehghan Hossein , Zahraei-Ramazani Alireza , Mirhendi Hossein , Amini Mohammad Hassan , Yaghoobi-Ershadi Mohammad Reza , Akhavan Amir Ahmad
Published: April 2020

Background: Visceral and cutaneous leishmaniasis are common in some areas of Iran and consider as health problems. Phlebotomus alexandri has been incriminated as a suspected vector for the both form of leishmaniasis.
Methods: This study was carried out in 4 western provinces of Iran. Sand flies were collected using sticky traps and light traps from indoor and outdoor resting places. Nested PCR was employed to detect Leishmania parasites among collected sand flies.
Results: Seven hundred and twenty two P. alexandri females were collected and pooled in 179 batches. Results of nested PCR showed, out of 9 samples from East Azerbaijan Province, only one sample was infected by Leishmania infantum. Of 34 individual and pooled samples from Kermanshah Province, only one pooled sample was infected with Leishmania major and among 30 individual and pooled samples in Fars Province, five specimens were infected by L. major, L. infantum, Leishmania donovani and Leishmania tropica. Furthermore, out of 108 individual and pooled samples from Khuzestan Province, 10 samples showed infection with L. major and L. infantum.
Conclusion: The results of this study showed that P. alexandri is more active in hot zones than in moderate zones and this species may be considered as a permissive species.
Modeling Spatial Distribution of Sergentomyia minuta (Diptera: Psychodidae) and its Potential Implication in Leishmaniasis Transmission in Morocco
Authors: Daoudi Morocco Mohamed , Boussaa Samia , Boumezzough Ali
Published: April 2020

Background: Leishmaniases are parasitic diseases caused by Leishmania species and transmitted by the bite of sand flies. The genus Lutzomyia and Phlebotomus of sand flies are known to be the responsible vector for transmitting almost all Leishmania species to humans. The detection of Leishmania DNA in species of the genus Sergentomyia, in different regions, suggests their likely role in Leishmania transmission.
Methods: Our objective was to determine the potential geographical distribution of Sergentomyia minuta, the most dominant Sergentomyia species in Morocco, using ecological niche modeling.
Results: The results showed the widespread geographical distribution of S. minuta in Morocco, specifically in northern and central Morocco where visceral and cutaneous leishmaniasis foci occur. There were six abiotic factors affecting the distribution of S. minuta whose annual precipitation, precipitation seasonality and precipitation of driest month as the most important ecological variables of the model.
Conclusion: A positive statistical correlation between human leishmaniasis cases and S. minuta abundance was noted suggesting the potential involvement of S. minuta in local Leishmania transmission cycles.
Development of A Loop-Mediated Isothermal Amplification (LAMP) Assay for Detection of Relapsing Fever Borreliae
Authors: Houmansadr Faezeh , Soleimani Mohammad , Naddaf Saied Reza
Published: April 2020

Background: This study aimed to develop a loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) assay for the rapid detec­tion of tick-borne relapsing fever in resource-limited areas.
Methods: A set of six primers were designed based on the conserved regions of the Glycerophosphodiester phos­phodiesterase (glpQ) gene of Borrelia species. For sensitivity assay, serial dilutions of a recombinant plasmid contain­ing a 219bp sequence of the glpQ were prepared and used as the template DNA. The LAMP reactions containing the six primers and the reagents required for amplification were incubated at 60–65 °C for 60min in a Loopamp real-time tur­bidimeter. For the specificity test, DNA from 14 other bacteria were included in the assays, and double-distilled water was used as the negative control. Also, DNA from dried blood spots (DBSs) of spirochetemic mice, and blood samples from relapsing fever-suspected patients were examined by the LAMP along a Borrelia-specific nested PCR that targets the rrs-rrl-IGS region.
Results: The LAMP detected as low as 90glpQ copies in reactions. The primers reacted with DNA from DBS of spi­rochetemic mice showing spirochete concentrations of ≤ one per a 1000X microscopic field. In clinical samples, the LAMP assay showed a higher sensitivity compared to nested-PCR. The LAMP specificity was 100%, as the primers did not react with other bacteria DNA.
Conclusion: The high sensitivity and specificity of the test, along with the simplicity of the DNA extraction procedure, make the LAMP a reliable and adaptable tool for the diagnosis of tick-borne relapsing fever in rural endemic areas.
Relationship between Some Environmental and Climatic Factors on Outbreak of Whiteflies, the Human Annoying Insects
Authors: Saghafipour Abedin , Zahraei-Ramazani Alireza , Vatandoost Hassan , Asadollahi Amin , Fouladi-Fard Reza , Hamta Amir , Hasanwand Ali
Published: April 2020

Background: The reports of numerous outbreaks of whiteflies from different parts of the world have increased its medical importance. The aim of this study was to determine relationship between environmental changes and climatic factors with the outbreak of the whitefly population in Tehran, the capital of Iran.
Methods: This study was carried out in urban areas of Tehran, where the increasing population of whiteflies was re­ported frequently during 2018. In order to entrap the whiteflies, 20 yellow sticky cards smeared with white refined grease were installed on the trunks of the trees at twice per month as trapping time intervals. The captured flies were transferred and conserved in cans containing 70% alcohol and were counted accurately under a stereomicroscope. To determine the relationship between air quality index, precipitation, air temperature and air humidity as environmental and climatic factors with the abundance of whiteflies, change point analysis and Generalized Estimating Equations (GEE) was used.
Results: The most density of white flies per trap was 256.6 and 155.6 in early October and late September respectively. The number moved closer to zero from November to April. The population of whiteflies was inversely correlated with the level of air quality index (p= 0.99) and precipitation (p= 0.95), and it had a direct correlation with the high temper­ature. Also, the population of whiteflies had a direct correlation with the level of air humidity in the first half of the year
Conclusion: According to these findings, during spring and summer from early May to early October.
Análisis de las muertes maternas por hemorragia en el departamento de Antioquia, Colombia. Años 2004 y 2005
Authors: Vélez-Álvarez Gladis Adriana , Gómez-Dávila Joaquín Guillermo , Zuleta-Tobón John Jairo
Published: April 2020

Objetivo: identiﬁcar los factores que predisponen a la mortalidad materna por hemorragia obstétrica en el departamento de Antioquia (Colombia) durante los años 2004-2005.Metodología: estudio descriptivo retrospectivo con componente cuantitativo y cualitativo. El análisis de los casos se realizó utilizando la metodología del “Camino para la supervivencia a la muerte materna” que identiﬁca tres retrasos, 1: de la comunidad para identiﬁcar la enfermedad o consultar, 2: diﬁcultades de acceso al servicio de salud y 3 deﬁciencias en la calidad o en la oportunidad de la atención.Resultados: la principal causa de hemorragia obstétrica fue la hemorragia posparto. Un 29% de las pacientes que fallecieron después de un parto vaginal tuvieron su parto en casa. El 100% de las muertes se consideraron evitables y los principales factores detectados estuvieron dentro de las categorías retraso 1 (43%) y 3 (88%). En el tipo 3, los principales fueron: la subvaloración de los cuadros clínicos, las conductas inoportunas y el tratamiento inadecuado de las pacientes: no se aplica el manejo activo del alumbramiento de manera universal, manejo inadecuado del shock y retraso en la administración de hemoderivados.Conclusiones: la hemorragia obstétrica es el principal problema en mortalidad materna en el departamento de Antioquia y los aspectos a mejorar tienen que ver con la implementación del manejo activo del alumbramiento, un diagnóstico temprano y un tratamiento agresivo del shock y la reanimación.
Target levels of blood pressure in patients with arterial hypertension and coronary heart disease
Authors: Cherniaeva M. S. , Ostroumova O. D.
Published: April 2020

High blood pressure (BP) is a leading risk factor for premature death and one of the important risk factors for coronary heart disease (CHD). A significant increase in risk is observed starting from the level of systolic BP of about 140 mm Hg. Tactics of antihypertensive therapy in patients with co-existent hypertension (HTN) and CHD are reviewed in the European and Russian recommendations for HTN. In spite of this, some uncertainty remains regarding the optimal target BP level in patients with HTN and clinically manifest CHD mainly due to the lack of convincing evidence arising from large and specially designed randomized clinical trials (RCTs) dedicated to this issue. Some observational studies, meta-analysis, special analysis of subgroups of patients with HTN and CHD from the large RCTs, showed a J-shaped relation between the achieved BP and an increased cardiovascular risk. Our paper reviews up-to-date literature in relation to the target BP level in patients with HTN and CHD, including patients with high cardiovascular risk and patients undergoing revascularization. We review data from large studies and meta-analysis, evaluating the impact of more intensive vs. less intensive control of BP on the risk of major cardiovascular events or mortality. The analysis of the literature confirmed a lack of evidence of benefits of lower target BP values in senile patients with co-existent HTN and CHD, thus indicating the need for well-planned RCTs.
NR2 antibodies as diagnostic and prognostic stroke biomarker
Authors: Topuzova M. P. , Alekseeva T. M. , Panina E. B. , Vavilova T. V. , Pospelova M. L. , Ivanova N. E.
Published: April 2020

Given the high percentage of disability and mortality resulting from a stroke, search of new ways to improve early diagnosis and optimize therapeutic approaches is highly relevant. The article reviews the studies of NR2 antibodies to glutamate N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptors as a biomarker in acute stroke. The review shows that this biomarker is suitable for determining the presence of ischemic process in the brain and the degree of destruction of brain tissue, both in the first hours of stroke and at follow-up. In addition, the analysis of NR2 antibodies can be informative to predict the worsening, the increase in the locus size, which can contribute to the timely correction of treatment and will improve the effectiveness of the therapy. The prognostic potential of NR2 antibodies can be used for personalized therapeutic approach. However, currently the lack of studies of NR2 antibodies in acute stroke requires further study of this biomarker.
Cost-effective programs for the noncommunicable diseases prevention. Part 1: level of legislation, media and environment
Authors: Kobyakova O. S. , Malykh R. D. , Kulikov E. S. , Deev I. A. , Starovoytova E. A. , Kirillova N. A. , Balaganskaya M. A. , Zagromova T. A.
Published: April 2020

Achievements of modern medicine and a number of other factors have led to an increase in the life expectancy and aging of the population. Together with an unhealthy lifestyle it has contributed to the growth in the number of noncommunicable diseases (NCDs). The priority area is the reduction of the burden of NCDs on a global scale and for each individual country in order to improve the quality of life and the welfare of the population. However, various programs for the prevention and management of NCDs make an unequal contribution to their effectiveness and cost. In 2017, World Нealth Оrganization (WHO) published cost-effective solutions and other recommended interventions for the prevention and control of noncommunicable diseases. For each behavioral risk factor and disease category, measures were listed with an assessment of their cost-effectiveness. In this review, the cost-effective and other measures presented by WHO are analyzed in terms of their application at three out of the six levels identified by the authors: legislation, the media, and the environment. In addition, examples of preventive programs aimed at combating smoking and drinking sugar-sweetened beverages, as well as increasing the physical activity of the population are given.
Impact of aggressive blood pressure reduction on kidney function after renal denervation: long-term outcome
Authors: Panarina S. A. , Yudina Yu. S. , Ionov M. V. , Avdonina N. G. , Emelyanov I. V. , Vasileva E. U. , Kitaeva E. A. , Zverev D. A. , Zvartau N. E. , Konradi A. O.
Published: April 2020

Objective. To investigate the dynamics of renal function in patients with resistant arterial hypertension after renal denervation depending on the degree of central and peripheral blood pressure (BP) reduction and the baseline state of the kidneys.

Design and methods. A total of 22 patients (mean age 56,1 ± 10,2 years, 9 males) with treated resistant hypertension undergoing bilateral renal denervation (RDN) (Symplicity RDN System, Medtronic, USA) were included. Office BP measuring, 24-hour ambulatory BP monitoring (ABPM) (SpaceLabs 90207, USA), applanation tonometry (SphygmoCor, AtCor Medical, Australia) with the calculation of central aortic blood pressure (CAP), Doppler ultrasonography (Vivid 7 dimension) were obtained at baseline and at 1, 3, 6, 12, 18 and 24 months after RDN. Urine levels of NGAL (neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin), KIM-1 (kidney injury molecule 1), L-FABP (Liver-type fatty acid binding protein), albuminuria and serum levels of сystatin C (sCysC) and creatinine (sCr) were measured by quantitative enzyme immunoassay at baseline and at 1, 3, 6, 12, 18 and 24 months after RDN. Glomerular filtration rate was estimated by the level of sCr and sCysC by CKD-EPI formula.

Results. All patients were divided into 3 groups according BP reduction: 1 — BP increase above 0 mm Hg; 2 — BP reduction from 0 to –30 mm Hg; 3 — BP reduction by > 31 mm Hg. An increased sCysС was registered in a group with decreased 24-hour systolic BP (1,06 ± 0,41; 0,93 ± 0,18 and 1,22 ± 0,23 ng/mL; F = 2,882; р = 0,04) and increased urine KIM-1 level — in a group with decreased office diastolic BP (2,18 ± 1,94; 1,53 ± 1,02 and 4,41 ± 0,97 pg/mL; F = 3,663; р = 0,03) at 3-month follow-up. An increased sCr level was registered in a group with decreased 24-hour systolic BP (78,3 ± 3,7; 88,2 ± 6,8 and 142,00 ± 8,8 μmol/L; F = 61,987; p = 0,004) and diastolic CAP (83,4 ± 8,2; 82,0 ± 8,0 and 142,0 ± 9,4 μmol/L; F = 23,476; p = 0,01), also an increased urine L-FABP level — in a group with decreased office diastolic BP (3531,3 ± 1795,0; 997,5 ± 1096,8 and 7351,7 ± 3297,0 pg/mL; F = 12,103; p = 0,002) at 6-month follow up.

Conclusions. Renal function worsening in patients during the period of maximum BP lowering may be associated with an excessive BP reduction. Therefore, we can suggest the occurrence of the J-curve phenomenon in relation to the kidneys.
Bombesin-like peptides are able to affect central histamine-induced resuscitating effect in haemorrhage-shocked rats
Authors: Jasikowska Karolina , Rybus-Kalinowska Barbara , Klose Aleksandra , Nowak Damian , Jochem Jerzy
Published: April 2020

Wstęp:

Pobudzenie ośrodkowego układu histaminergicznego wywołuje działanie resuscytacyjne u szczurów we wstrząsie krwotocznym. Skoro podawana dożylnie bombezyna wykazuje podobne działanie, a receptory bombezynowe są obecne w strukturach ośrodkowego układu nerwowego, odpowiedzialnych za regulację czynności układu krążenia, celem pracy było zbadanie wpływu zablokowania receptorów bombezynowych na efekty krążeniowe wynikające z podania do komory bocznej mózgu (icv) histaminy we wstrząsie krwotocznym u szczurów.

Materiał i metody:

Badania przeprowadzono u szczurów, samców szczepu Wistar w znieczuleniu ogólnym (ketamina 100 mg/kg + ksylazyna 10 mg/kg, dootrzewnowo). Zastosowano model odwracalnego wstrząsu krwotocznego ze średnim ciśnieniem tętniczym (MAP) 30–35 mmHg. Niezwłocznie po zakończeniu krwawienia podawano icv antagonistów receptorów bombezynowych/0,9% roztwór NaCl, a 5 min później tą samą drogą histaminę (50 nmol) bądź 0,9% roztwór NaCl.

Wyniki:

Utrata krwi prowadziła do obniżenia ciśnienia tętna (PP), częstości rytmu serca (HR) i przepływu krezkowego krwi (MBF). Histamina wywoływała działanie presyjne ze wzrostem PP i MBF. Efekty działania histaminy były częściowo hamowane przez [D-Phe12,Leu14]-bombezynę i BIM 23042, odpowiednio nieselektywnego antagonistę receptorów bombezynowych oraz selektywnego blokera receptorów bombezynowych typu 1 (BB1). W grupach kontrolnych nie stwierdzono wpływu antagonistów receptorów bombezynowych na mierzone parametry układu krążenia.

Wnioski:

Endogenne peptydy bombezynopodobne, działając poprzez receptory BB1, mogą wpływać na wywoływane przez ośrodkowo działającą histaminę działanie resuscytacyjne we wstrząsie krwotocznym u szczurów.
Information and Communications Technology and Education Customized for Fathers of Preterm Infants
Authors: Kim Hyung Nam
Published: April 2020

Purpose

Although various educational technology interventions have been introduced to support parents of preterm infants, the interventions tend to focus on mothers over fathers. This study aims to advance understanding of the concerns and needs of fathers and seek opportunities of information technology to support them.

Design and Sample

A convenience sampling method recruited 18 parents (i.e., ten mothers and eight fathers of preterm infants) for interviews. The interview transcripts were analyzed by the inductive content analysis method.

Main Outcome Variable

The analysis identified two main themes (i.e., customized education, learning styles and tools preferred by fathers) and five subthemes (i.e., infant care, self-care, self-regulated online learning, adaptive user interfaces of online education modules, and hands-on learning with multimedia).

Results

The interviewed parents emphasized the importance of education customized for the fathers of preterm infants, and argued that an e-learning system has the potential to fulfill the fathers' educational needs.
Preliminary Psychometrics of the Knowledge and Attitudes Toward SBAR Instrument (KA-SBAR)
Authors: Cooper Denise , Clark Patricia C.
Published: April 2020

Background

When measuring new practice approaches for improving patient safety in the clinical setting, researchers need instruments with evidence of reliability and validity.

Objective

The purpose of this analysis was to examine the reliability and validity of an instrument to assess knowledge and attitudes toward communication using situation-background-assessment-recommendation (SBAR; KA-SBAR).

Methods

This psychometric analysis was conducted with data from an interprofessional simulation-based learning experience with doctor of nursing practice students (n = 19) and physical therapy students (n = 52). Internal consistency reliability and construct validity tests including factor analysis for the KA-SBAR were conducted.

Results

The KA-SBAR instrument had adequate internal consistency reliability and evidence of construct validity, including identification of two factors that explained 70% of the instrument's variance. However, there may be a ceiling effect of scores, making it difficult to show change.

Conclusions

The KA-SBAR instrument may be useful in assessing clinicians' perceptions of SBAR communication in education and practice settings.

Implications for Nursing

When selecting data collection measures, nurses need to carefully consider the purpose of the measure and evidence of the instrument's reliability and validity. Educators need to consider the clinical expertise of the students in designing challenging simulations to advance learning.