bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Morphological characteristics and phylogenetic analyses reveal Scopuloides yunnanensis (Polyporales, Basidiomycota), a new wood-decaying fungus from China
Authors: GU ZIRUI , ZHOU HONGMIN , ZHAO CHANGLIN
Published: September 2024

Wood-decaying fungi, as crucial decomposers in forest ecosystems, have been the subject of meticulous research. In this study, a new wood-decaying fungal species, Scopuloides yunnanensis, found in Yunnan, China, is proposed. Scopuloides yunnanensis was identified based on a comprehensive analysis of its membranaceous basidiomata, generative hyphae, lamprocystidia, projecting cystidia, and allantoid basidiospores. In addition to the morphology, phylogenetic analyses of ITS and nLSU rRNA markers were performed with Maximum Likelihood, Maximum Parsimony, and Bayesian inference methods, ensuring the robustness of our findings. The phylogenetic analysis showed that S. yunnanensis is sister to S. hydnoides. The new species’ description, illustrations, and results of the phylogenetic analysis are provided. In addition, an identification key to all Scopuloides species worldwide is provided.
Notes on the Morphology, Anatomy, Palynology, and Karyology of Onobrychis argaea (Fabaceae), Endemic to Turkey
Authors: ATASAGUN BAYRAM , AKSOY AHMET , MARTİN ESRA
Published: September 2024

Onobrychis argaea belonging to the Fabaceae family, is an endangered plant species endemic to Turkey, distributed only in Kayseri Erciyes Mountain. This study represents the first comprehensive investigation into the morphology, anatomy, pollen and seed micromorphology, and chromosome characteristics of O. argaea. The previous description of the species has been expanded and modified. The pith of the root is covered with xylem tissue. In the stem cross-section, the protective tissue is periderm in the woody part and epiderm in the herbaceous part. The leaflets are amphistomatic and equifacial. The pollen grains are radially symmetric, isopolar, tricolpate, with prolate shape and reticulate-microreticulate ornamentation. The seeds are reniform, yellowish-brown, suboblate, and exhibit rugulate surface ornamentation. The number of somatic chromosomes in O. argaea is 2n = 14. The karyotype formula of this species consists of seven median chromosomes.
Erratum: XIN-JUN GAN, HUI-ZHE FENG, HUAN-JIN CHEN, PING-SHENG ZHONG & QIANG FAN (2024) Taxonomic studies on the genus Ophiopogon (Asparagaceae) I:—identity of O. albimarginatus and O. pseudotonkinensis, and a new species O. guangzhouensis from Guangdong, China. Phytotaxa 662 (2): 121–136.
Authors: GAN XIN-JUN , FENG HUI-ZHE , CHEN HUAN-JIN , ZHONG PING-SHENG , FAN QIANG
Published: September 2024

N/A
A new species of Dainty Frog (Anura: Pyxicephalidae: Cacosternum) and the first endemic anuran to the Cederberg region of South Africa
Authors: ANGUS OLIVER , TELFORD NICOLAS , PING TYRONE , CONRADIE WERNER
Published: September 2024

Within the genus Cacosternum, the species C. capense and C. namaquense form a clade defined by their robust morphology, large size, and distinct dorsolateral glands. In this study, we describe a third member of the group endemic to the Cederberg region of South Africa. Specimens from this area have historically been assigned to C. karooicum, but here we show that this population is genetically unrelated. Using a combination of molecular, morphological, and acoustic data, we provide evidence to show that the Cederberg population of C. karooicum represents an undescribed species within the C. capense group. The new species can be diagnosed from its closest phylogenetic relatives, C. capense and C. namaquense, by the absence of a dark streak running downwards from the pupil into the iris, the presence of large rictal glands that form an uninterrupted arc with the angle of the jaw, heart-shaped palmar tubercles, and an advertisement call with a dominant frequency below 2 kHz. We further discuss their natural history, distribution, and conservation.
METTL protein family: focusing on the occurrence, progression and treatment of cancer
Authors: Zhang Huhu , Sun Fulin , Jiang Shuyao , Yang Fanghao , Dong Xiaolei , Liu Guoxiang , Wang Mengjun , Li Ya , Su Mohan , Wen Ziyuan , Yu Chunjuan , Fan Chenkai , Li Xiaoxia , Zhang Zhe , Yang Lina , Li Bing
Published: September 2024

Methyltransferase-like protein is a ubiquitous enzyme-like protein in the human body, with binding domains for nucleic acids, proteins and other small molecules, and plays an important role in a variety of biological behaviours in normal organisms and diseases, characterised by the presence of a methyltransferase-like structural domain and a structurally conserved SAM-binding domain formed by the seven-stranded β-fold structure in the center of the protein. With the deepening of research, the METTL protein family has been found to be abnormally expressed in a variety of tumor diseases, and the clarification of its relationship with tumor diseases can be used as a molecular therapeutic target and has an important role in the prognosis of tumors. In this paper, we review the structure, biological process, immunotherapy, drug-targeted therapy, and markers of the METTL protein family to provide new ideas for the diagnosis and treatment of tumors.
Mysticism and the Postanarchist Symbolic
Authors: Lewis Keith
Published: September 2024

This article engages with Meister Eckhart's mystical theology and Lacanian psychoanalysis to explore the role that mysticism can play in the production of an alternative symbolic order that can form the basis for a reenchantment of the world as part of the postanarchist insurrection of the self and project of structural renewal. More specifically, it draws from Meister Eckhart's conceptualization of the Godhead to argue that the positioning of the Godhead as the primary master signifier for the political community can contribute toward the production of an alternative, mystical postanarchist Symbolic founded on a sovereignty of the Godhead oriented toward the deconstruction of the symbolic systems out of which contemporary forms of domination and control emerge. In doing so, it argues that this mystical approach to postanarchism can contribute toward the undoing of the symbolic law through which neoliberal sovereignty is exercised on a subjective level by orienting the political community toward the temporary annihilation of both the subject and the Symbolic in divine love. The article concludes by contending that the positioning of the Godhead as master signifier for the prefigurative postanarchist political community can contribute to the reenchantment of the world by forming part of a broader, nascent Symbolic, constituted through the production of a range of master signifiers reflective of a variety of largely heterogenous political communities configured around broadly nonhierarchical, spiritual values and connected via a logic of affinity.
Loss and the Production of Community Archives
Authors: Drummond Molly
Published: September 2024

This visual essay concerns the generative capacities of loss in the production and maintenance of community archives and archiving communities. In archival sites, the loss of space through the collection of items, as well as degradation and wear and tear, is a concern that traditional archival practice seeks to address, manage, and mitigate. However, through the discussion of two case studies—a participatory arts company in Stoke on Trent and zine archives and libraries in Manchester and Birmingham—loss can materialize as presence, through damp and clutter, evidence of community activity, and debate and discussion. Furthermore, the author argues that loss is generative of archives themselves by drawing from the ongoing work in the two sites, as well as the emergence of archival practice and debates specific to the communities themselves.
Digital Archives as Resisting Displacement
Authors: Giraud Eva Haifa , Wright Thomas
Published: September 2024

Amid wider concern about the emergence of vast data archives that document and instrumentalize everyday user activities for the purpose of marketing, research, and governance, this article turns to a series of creative and activist initiatives that preserve heterodox internet histories. Though a focus on three case studies—artistic engagements with GeoCities, traces left by Indymedia in contemporary activism, and emerging ethical frameworks for reusing social media data—the article examines the political and ethical significance of attempts to archive specific instances of participatory online cultures before these cultures disappear. Drawing from and advancing Jodi Dean's conception of displaced mediators, or entities that set in motion the forces that ultimately displace them, the article argues that the significance of these digital archives is in their capacity to resist linear, commercial logics of displacement that attempt to narrow user agency. Instead, the article argues, creative and activist engagements with digital archives generate questions about whether the infrastructures that govern everyday online interactions could be otherwise, through showing how they formerly have been otherwise.
Unfamiliar Archives
Authors: Drummond Molly , Oliver Catherine , Palmer Jack , Giraud Eva Haifa
Published: September 2024

This article documents the roundtable “Unfamiliar Archives,” which took place as part of a two-day event to mark twenty years of Cultural Politics. Drawing from a range of “archives in the making” related to activists, artists, social theorists, and digital media practices, the participants reflect on the political, ethical, and epistemological provocations offered by their specific archival encounters. In particular, the participants reflect on the way their experiences of negotiating archives were inflected by their own initial unfamiliarity with the norms and protocols of archival research. To conceptualize these experiences, the participants orient their discussion around three terms that, they suggest, are generative for evoking the cultural politics of contemporary archives: estrangement, secrets, and loss.
What Large Language Models Know
Authors: Alvarado Rafael C.
Published: September 2024

The strengths and weaknesses of generative applications built on large language models are by now well-known. They excel at the production of discourse in a variety of genres and styles, from poetry to programs, as well as the combination of these into novel forms. They perform well at high-level question answering, dialogue, and reasoning tasks, suggesting the possession of general intelligence. However, they frequently produce formally correct but factually or logically wrong statements. This essay argues that such failures—so-called hallucinations—are not accidental glitches but are instead a by-product of the design of the transformer architecture on which large language models are built, given its foundation on the distributional hypothesis, a nonreferential approach to meaning. Even when outputs are correct, they do not meet the basic epistemic criterion of justified true belief, suggesting the need to revisit the long neglected relationship between language and reference.
A Sociolinguist's Look at the “Language” in Large Language Models
Authors: Schneider Britta
Published: September 2024

Large language models (LLMs) work by training text-generating systems through the use of digitized corpora that make natural language available in datafied form for natural language processing. LLMs are rooted in these culture-specific, socio-historically conditioned understandings of language, inaugurated during the imperial age of national print cultures and further consolidated by computing culture itself. However, understanding languages as digital data sets whose patterns can be probabilistically reproduced is a simplistic reduction of an already reified linguistic epistemology. This article discusses the sociolinguistic implications of LLM design and implementation.
The Ethics of (Generative) AI
Authors: Kempt Hendrik , Heilinger Jan-Christoph
Published: September 2024

The clamor for AI-based applications involving generative models for text and images has fueled wild speculation about the risks and opportunities for society and humanity at large. The potential “existential” threat as a precursor to artificial general intelligence has provoked wide-ranging debates in the public, politics, and the corporate world involving technologists and ethicists from a range of academic disciplines. This thinkpiece proposes a metaperspective to reflect critically and constructively upon the current state of the field of AI ethics, arguing that scholars working in the domain of ethics should focalize conceptual, substantive, and procedural issues as integral elements of an ethical assessment of given technologies and their applications. It suggests that the ethics of generative AI is conceptually still underexplored and overly propagating technological fixes to problems of all kinds (technosolutionism). Procedurally, it needs to be clarified who can, who ought to, and who ultimately will be considered and heard as an expert on AI ethics, a question of relevance for the trust in, and reliance on, AI.
The Fumes of AI
Authors: Hogan Mél
Published: September 2024

With the emergence of generative artificial intelligence (GenAI), it is increasingly clear that the environmental impacts of these technologies are significant, and worth exposing to the public. This article discusses the environmental impacts of generative artificial intelligence and the political underpinnings of extractivist technologies such as cloud companies. It highlights the centralized system of power that demands subservience to its foundational values despite being touted as the most environmentally friendly cloud infrastructure globally.
Cranio-Orbital Approach and Decompression of the Optic Nerves: A 2-Stage, 4-by-4-Step Approach to Improve Vision in Sellar and Parasellar Lesions
Authors: Lasica Nebojsa , Parikh Kara A. , Arnautović Kenan I.
Published: September 2024

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES:

Despite advances in cranial base techniques, surgery of the sellar and parasellar regions remains challenging because of complex neurovascular relationships. Lesions within this region frequently present with progressive visual deterioration caused by distortion and compression of the optic chiasm and nerves. In addition to the direct mass effect from mechanical forces acting on the optic apparatus, these lesions alter blood supply and reduce vascular perfusion, prompting surgical treatment to remove the lesion, alleviate compression, and improve blood flow to the optic nerve. We sought to describe a 2-stage, 4-by-4-step approach, broken down and described as a “four-by-four” technique for optic apparatus decompression and a wide approach to different sellar and parasellar lesions.

METHODS:

We describe the operative nuances and key anatomic points in the microsurgical removal of sellar and parasellar lesions. The technique is illustrated with examples of different cases with pre- and follow-up MRI imaging and a brief overview of visual outcomes.

RESULTS:

The described technique has been demonstrated in various lesions in 5 patients. Patients presented with bilateral visual loss in 4 (80.0%) cases and with unilateral visual loss in 1 (20.0%) case. Improvement in visual function was noted in all cases, confirmed with visual acuity and visual field testing.

DISCUSSION:

The transcranial approach (“from above”) remains an important surgical option for patients with excellent exposure and visualization of the sellar and parasellar regions. It permits early access to the optic canal for careful microsurgical decompression and relaxation of the optic nerve to preserve and improve its microvascularization and ultimately vision.

CONCLUSION:

The authors augmented the 2-stage, 4-by-4-step technique of decompression with elaborate illustrations of diverse sellar and parasellar lesions to demonstrate the versatility of this approach.
Educação municipal como alavanca
Authors: Abrucio Fernando Luiz , Fernandes Gustavo Andrey de Almeida Lopes , Couto Cláudio Gonçalves
Published: September 2024

Objetivo: mostrar diagnóstico da Educação municipal e prognósticos de ação aos prefeitos.
Estado da arte: a literatura trata a política educacional prioritariamente pelo ângulo dos problemas de cada um dos ciclos, e analisa menos a questão pelo ângulo do papel dos municípios em si e em sua articulação federativa e multinível. Além disso, poucas vezes se apresenta de maneira sistêmica como cada etapa afeta as demais, deixando de constatar como os governos locais têm um efeito alavanca sobre o conjunto da Educação Básica.
Originalidade: três aspectos dão singularidade à argumentação do artigo. O primeiro é mostrar como a política de Educação dos municípios pode ser uma alavanca de todo o processo educacional. O segundo diz respeito ao peso da governança colaborativa como forma mais eficaz de atuação municipal. E o terceiro está presente em uma lista de propostas aos novos prefeitos, utilizando um modelo sistêmico de política educacional.
Impactos: o texto pode ajudar os novos prefeitos a terem uma agenda sistemática de atuação na política educacional, melhorando a vida de suas cidades e, por tabela, do País.
Πιθανές πολιτικές της πλατφόρμας
Authors: Μποτονάκη Ναταλία
Published: September 2024

Το άρθρο διερευνά πτυχές της χρήσης των Μέσων Κοινωνικής Δικτύωσης (μκδ) από τις οποίες αναδύονται πιθανότητες συλλογικής συσπείρωσης και πολιτικής δράσης. Τοποθετεί αυτή τη διερεύνηση στο ευρύτερο πλαίσιο της αισθητικής στροφής της πολιτικής θεωρίας, δηλαδή της αντίληψης της πολιτικής με αισθητικούς και αισθητηριακούς όρους. Μέσα από την κριτική ανάγνωση κειμένων που αναδιφούν φιλοσοφικά τις έννοιες της δημόσιας σφαίρας και της αισθητικής παρουσίας και εμφάνισης του εαυτού στον δημόσιο χώρο, αλλά και από τη θεωρία της φωτογραφίας και του κινηματογράφου, επιχειρείται η κατανόηση των πολιτικών δράσεων που λαμβάνουν χώρα στην πλατφόρμα του Ίνσταγκραμ. Σκοπός του παρόντος άρθρου είναι να συμμετάσχει σε έναν συνεχιζόμενο διάλογο, που λαμβάνει χώρα τόσο εντός των ακαδημαϊκών κλάδων όσο και των θεωριών της κινηματικής δράσης, ο οποίος αφορά τους ιδιαίτερους τρόπους αλληλεπίδρασης, ενημέρωσης, δημιουργίας συλλογικοτήτων και διαμόρφωσης συλλογικών δράσεων στις πλατφόρμες ειδικότερα, αλλά και ευρύτερα στα τεχνικά μέσα αναπαραγωγής.
The Xerias Window near Argos (Peloponnesus) - an example of a regional geological structure of interregional importance
Authors: Kunz Erwin
Published: September 2024

The Argolic-Arcadian border range is built up by rocks of the Tripolitza and the Pindos Zones. Its tectonic architecture is deeply exposed in the area of the Xerias Window. Key structures are worked out in this article. The nappe-shaped superposition of the Tripolitza Zone by the Pindos Zone is obvious in the frame of the Xerias Window. The vergence of the key structures of the latter varies everywhere between W and SW, which proves a relative transport of the Pindos Zone as a whole in that direction. After finishing the nappe transport both Pindos and Tripolitza Zone experienced further, collective deformations, which are brought in a probable chronological order.
 Round about since Upper Miocene, the compressive stress of the Hellenides was followed by young extensional tectonics, which continues until today. Its influence on the development of the window and on the forming of its frame is described. The most important faults that can be related to the spreading tectonics are called within this investigation as Xerias Faults. Finally, the impacts of the strong regressive erosion, of the numerous landslides, and of the widespread slope waste both on exposing and on covering the tectonic elements are regarded.
SAFETY ASSESSMENT OF A RANGE OF PLANT METABOLIC TOVES – ADVANCED GEROPROTECTORS IN VIVO RESEARCH
Authors: Frolova Anna S. , Milentyeva Irina S. , Fedorova Anastasia M. , Asyakina Lyudmila K. , Prosekov Aleksandr Yu.
Published: September 2024

Background. Ageing is associated with progressive impairment of physical functions and increased risk of age-related chronic diseases. Polyphenols such as mangiferin, quercetin and trans-cinnamic acid are also used for the treatment and prevention of chronic diseases. Toxicological research was important in biomedical research, as some high-dose extracted polyphenols could contribute to the development and progression of cancer and other diseases. This study is aimed at assessing toxicological safety of previously isolated phenolic compounds from plants of the Siberian Federal District.
Materials and methods. Rodents have been chosen as the model organism. The study of mutagenic and antimutagenic properties was carried out using a micronuclear test of bone marrow cell. Cytotoxicity in vitro was assessed using the MTT test.
Results. Polyphenols studied at doses of 50.0 and 100.0 mg/kg are not mutagenic. Mangiferri and quercetin at a dose of 50.0 mg/kg do not have anti-thagenic effects. In this case, trans-cinnamic acid in the same concentration has antimutagenic effect. Mangiferin in concentrates from 4.2 to 16.7 ug/ml has a cytotoxic effect. Trans-cinnamic acid is not cytotoxic (at 2.1-33.3 ug/ml). Quercetin has a cytotoxic effect in concentrations of 0.21 and 1.67 ug/ml, and at concentrations of 3.33 ug/ml increases the viability of splenocytes, presumably due to antioxidant properties.
Conclusion. Safety or low toxicity is a decisive advantage of the continued use of polyphenols as advanced heroic flow agents. Further study of biologically active substances (mangiferin, quercetin and trans-cinnamic acid) has been found to be ce-woody.
The work was carried out by the state task on the topic «Development of biologically active additives consisting of metabolites of plant objects in vitro to protect the population from premature aging» (project FZSR-2024-0008) using the equipment of Center of Collective Use «Instrumental methods of analysis in the field of applied biotechnology» on the basis of KemSU.
AN ENGINEERING APPROACH TO THE STUDY OF THE PROCESSES OF DOUGH FLOW IN THE PRODUCTION OF PASTA AT AGRO-INDUSTRIAL ENTERPRISES
Authors: Torgan Anna B. , Grudanov Vladimir Ya. , Barsukov Vladimir G. , Timakova Roza T.
Published: September 2024

Background. In modern conditions, the provision of domestic pasta produced from durum wheat varieties on modern technological equipment is becoming important. At the same time, the quality of the finished pasta is also determined by the rheological properties of the pasta dough when passing through the pasta press matrix, which determined the purpose of the study to develop a method of computational evaluation for calculating the relationship between the speed parameters of the flow of pasta dough in the cylindrical sections of the channels of the molding matrix with pressure drops to overcome viscous resistance, the dimensions of the structural elements of the channel, as well as with indicators of the rheological properties of pasta dough.
Materials and methods. To study the flow of pasta dough, baking flour of the highest grade M-54 28 was chosen as a raw material in stepped cylindrical channels. The applied rheological model is described and a technique for mathematical modeling of the flow parameters of pasta dough in cylindrical channels is given. Due to the small contribution of the pasta dough shear strength to the total pressure loss, a rheological model of a nonlinear-viscous medium is used, which is described by a power equation containing physically determined constants. Neglecting the elastic deformations of the dough due to their smallness, we assumed the condition of constancy of the volumetric productivity for each cross section of the channel.
Results. Analytical dependencies are presented that relate the change in velocity over the channel cross section to the pressure developed necessary to overcome the viscous resistance, as well as to the radii and length of the channel, and to the rheological properties of the pasta dough. These dependences formed the theoretical basis of the method for calculating the parameters of pasta dough flow in cylindrical channels.
Conclusion. On the example of an industrial matrix of a pasta press, made in the form of a system of cylindrical channels of a stepped-variable diameter in the preforming zone, calculations were made to determine the average and maximum flow rates of pasta dough in each section of the channel and the developed pressure. The results of the research can be used in engineering practice when designing new matrices for forming pasta dough and in the production processes of enterprises to calculate their production capacities.
VARIABILITY OF FLUCTUATING ASYMMETRY OF BETULA PENDULA ROTH LEAVES DEPENDING ON GROWING CONDITIONS
Authors: Adamovich Tatyana А. , Olkova Anna S.
Published: September 2024

In the work, the relationship (FA) of the leaves of the hanging birch Betula pendula Roth with atmospheric pollution, climatic indicators and soil characteristics was determined. We analyzed data obtained from 10 sites located in the main geographical directions from the city of Ukhta (Komi Republic, Russia). FA was based on 5 morphological parameters (n=100). In the soil, we determined the pH (water and salt extracts), the content of organic matter and mobile forms of metals. Information on air pollution and climate parameters was obtained from open sources. We established high FA of B. pendula at all sites (0.064-0.076). It was shown that this is not related to the geographical location of the birch growing area. There was no excess of standards of pollutants in the air and soil at the sites. Correlation analysis showed that FA increases in response to a decrease in the proportion of organic matter in the soil and an increase in soil acidity (r is -0.49 and -0.42, respectively). Also, the increase in FA is associated with the content of mobile forms of Pb, Mn, Cu (r is 0.6, 0.36, 0.35, respectively). We found no effect of the content of mobile Zn, Fe, Cd in the soil on the FA level of the leaves. Thus, it is shown that soil characteristics affect the asymmetry of the bioindicator plant, including within environmental regulations. This fact should be taken into account when interpreting the results of the assessment of the ecological state of the territories.
EVALUATION OF THE EFFECT OF AUXINS ON GROWTH AND BIOCHEMICAL PARAMETERS OF CHAETOCEROS MUELLERI
Authors: Kovalev Nickolay N. , Leskova Svetlana Е. , Mikheev Evgeny V. , Barsova Ekaterina A.
Published: September 2024

Background. The study of microalgae cultivation process is not only related to obtaining a wide range of biologically active substances. With the development of mariculture, some species of microalgae (including Chaetoceros muelleri) are of interest as food for mollusks, arthropods and holothuria. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of auxin hormones on quantitative and qualitative parameters Chaetoceros muelleri accumulative cultivation.
Materials and methods. The object of research was the culture of microalgae Chaetoceros muelleri. The duration of the experiment was 7 days. Indole-3- butyric and indole-3-acetic acids were used for growth stimulation. The microalgae were cultured in monoculture, under constant conditions. 0.1; 0.2; 0.4; 0.6; 1.0 ×10-5mol phytohormones concentrations were added to the cultivation medium of the experimental groups. The control group was cultured without phytohormones addition.
Results. It was shown that indole-3-acetic acid in concentrations from 0.2 to 0.5×10-5 mol had a positive effect on the growth of algal culture. Auxins at optimum concentration had a positive effect on lipid accumulation in the algal culture. It was found that indole-3-butyric acid increased the carbohydrate content in the culture on the 3rd day of culturing Chaetoceros muelleri. At the same time, under the action of indole-3-butyric acid, the highest content of carbohydrates.
Conclusion. The obtained data showed that the studied auxins had a positive effect on Chaetoceros muelleri dynamics growth. The possibility of using auxin series phytohormones to stimulate the growth of the microalga Chaetoceros muelleri in an accumulative monoculture has been established by this study.
FOREST FOOD RESOURCES IN THE SAKHA REPUBLIC (YAKUTIA)
Authors: Isaev Alexandr P. , Gavrilyeva Tuyara N. , Mikhaleva Ludmila G. , Chikidov Ivan I.
Published: September 2024

According to the “Ecosystem Services of Russia” Prototype of National Report (2016), data on terrestrial ecosystem resources in Russia are fragmented. The purpose of this work is to fill the existing gaps in the knowledge of the biodiversity of plant species and the sustainability of traditional food systems across the economic zones of the Sakha Republic (Yakutia).
Materials and methods. Although the range of edible plants in Yakutia counts more than 100 species, only nine species of berries, eight species of mushrooms, and three species of other food plants were classified as resource-significant based on the consolidated archive materials of the IBPC at FRC YaSC SB RAS and the results of the field studies carried out in 2002-2019. This list of twenty species was tested via a socio-economic survey undertaken as part of the RISE project in 2021-2023. The study was conducted with the permission of the local biomedical ethics committee of the Medical Institute of the North-Eastern Federal University. Each participant signed an informed consent form to be surveyed, according to the World Medical Association’s Declaration of Helsinki, which regulates the research involving human subjects. The study embraced 400 rural households.
Results. The data on biological stocks of resource-significant food species of Yakutia’s forests were presented based on the consolidated archive materials and results of the field studies undertaken by the IBPC at FRC YaSC SB RAS. Coupled research methods of natural and social sciences were used to produce the estimates of the economic reserves of berries and mushrooms across economic zones of the Sakha Republic (Yakutia) and the volumes of their harvesting by rural households and the population of the region in general. 
Conclusion. Social methods have proven reliable for studying biodiversity in a large-sized region. They allow to fill the gaps in the databases built on the results of field studies, particularly in terms of popularity and, accordingly, the prevalence of certain food species. The higher productivity and diversity of flora in Southern Yakutia were confirmed compared to the Arctic and other economic zones.
Funding. The reported study was performed under the e-Asia Climate Call and funded by RFBR, project number 21-55-70104, and project VI.52.1.8.  “Theoretical and applied aspects of investigation the diversity of the vegetation of Northern and Central Yakutia (East Siberia)” 0376-2016-0001; registration number АААА-А17-117020110056-0.
SEASONAL CHANGES IN THE CONCENTRATION AND RATIOS OF PHOTOSYNTHETIC PIGMENTS IN THE THREE SPHAGNUM SPECIES
Authors: Shtang Anastasiya K. , Ponomareva Tamara I.
Published: September 2024

Background. There is reason suppose that the concentration of photosynthetic pigments in sphagnum mosses, as in vascular plants, changes throughout the year and varies from species to species. Moreover, hollow sphagnum species have a higher growth and photosynthesis rate than ridge sphagnum species, which suggests the presence of differences in the pigment complex of species from different habitats.
Purpose. Evaluation of quantitative changes in the pigment complex of the sphagnum mosses growing in different microclimatic conditions within oligotrophic bogs during the growing season at high latitudes.
Materials and methods. The content of photosynthetic pigments in the three Sphagnum species growing in oligotrophic conditions was determined using the photometric method in an acetone extract once a month from May to October. The study was carried out for S. fuscum and S. lindbergii in 2021-2022, and for S. angustifolium only in 2022. Statistical data processing was carried out in Microsoft Excel 2010 and SPSS Statistics 11.
Results. Seasonal and interannual variability in the content of chlorophylls, carotenoids, and their ratios was revealed for the studied sphagnum species. The pigment complex of S. lindbergii and S. angustifolium during the growing season is influenced by the bog water level and air temperature. Changes in the pigment complex of S. fuscum are associated with the amount of precipitation.
Conclusion. Apparently, the seasonal and interannual dynamics of the pigment complex of sphagnum mosses is species-specific, but to further verify this statement it is necessary to study other species of sphagnum mosses from the same habitats, since the dynamics may be associated not so much with a peculiar species, but with the ecological conditions of the habitat.
FORECASTING THE MICRONUTRIENT CONTENTS IN FETUSES OF DOWN CALVERS
Authors: Safonov Vladimir A. , Ermilova Tatiana S. , Chernitskiy Anton E. , Salimzade Emil A.O.
Published: September 2024

It is believed that the level of nutrition and maternal tissue depots determine the intrauterine supply of micronutrients necessary for the normal formation and development of fetuses in large cattle. Disturbances in micronutrient nutrition negatively affect the fetus's health and, after birth, limit its growth and predispose it to a range of somatic diseases. Therefore, forecasting and timely correction of micronutrient deficiencies in the fetuses of large cattle is important in veterinary science. In this study, the authors attempted for the first time to forecast the accumulation levels of Se, Cu, Zn, Fe, Cr, Sr, Mo, Co, Ni, As, and Mn in a fetus's body based on these micronutrient contents in the mother's hair 60 days before the expected calving. Thirty-five clinically healthy Simmental cows with singleton pregnancies were examined, and calves were obtained from them (18 males and 17 females). Hair samples obtained from the calves shortly after birth were analyzed for a retrospective assessment of the fetal micronutrient status. Micronutrients (Se, Cu, Zn, Fe, Cr, Sr, Mo, Co, Ni, As, and Mn) were quantitatively deter-mined in the hair samples using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (Nexion 300D, Perkin Elmer, USA). The distribution patterns of micronutrients in the "mother–fetus" system in large cattle were not related to the newborn’s gender. Dependencies be-tween the micronutrient contents in the mother's hair and in the newborn were described by first-order (for Sr), second-order (for Co and Mn), and third-order (for Se, Cu, Zn, Fe, and As) polynomials. For four micronutrients (Se, Cu, Fe, and Co), graphs and analytical expressions were prepared, allowing the prediction of their contents in the fetus's body based on maternal indicators with a level of statistical significance of P = 0.05. For the other four micronutrients (Zn, Sr, As, and Mn), this was achieved with a level of P = 0.10–0.15. No statistically significant dependencies were found between the contents in the mother's hair and the newborn for Mo, Cr, and Ni. Based on the predictions, optimal content ranges were determined for 8 of 11 investigated micronutrients (Se, Cu, Fe, Co, Zn, Sr, As, and Mn) in the cow's hair 60 days before the expected calving, ensuring an optimal level of their accumulation in the fetus's body.
Impact of Nutrition and Exercise on Kidney Health: How to Prevent Kidney Stones?
Authors: Łojewska Julia Natalia , Rosińska Kamila , Bochenek Oliwia , Koper Mateusz , Janicka Ewelina Justyna , Perko Agnieszka , Rosiński Mateusz , Niedźwiedzka Monika
Published: September 2024

IntroductionKidney stone disease, characterized by the formation of calculi in the kidneys, is becoming an increasingly common urinary tract disorder in developed countries. Although kidney stone disease may be caused by metabolic disorders, anatomical, functional, and genetic factors, diet plays a crucial role in its formation. Changing dietary habits has become a primary tool in the treatment and prevention of kidney stone disease.
ObjectiveThe aim of this study is to present research on the impact of diet and its individual components on the risk of kidney stone formation. Special attention is given to the role of vitamins, minerals, and dietary habits in the pathogenesis and prevention of this condition.
Materials and MethodsThe study involves a review of the scientific literature, considering research published in reputable medical and scientific journals regarding the impact of diet on the risk of kidney stones, focusing on key dietary components such as calcium, magnesium, sodium, vitamins C and D, as well as the role of physical activity and proper hydration.
ConclusionsA balanced diet, proper hydration and maintaining a healthy body weight are fundamental elements in preventing of kidney stone disease.  Adequate hydration is crucial; high fluid intake, especially water, dilutes urine and reduces the concentration of lithogenic substances.Calcium and magnesium intake are particularly important as they influence the absorption and excretion of oxalates, and excessive supplementation with vitamins C and D should be avoided. A diet rich in fruits and vegetables, and the limitation of animal protein and salt, can significantly reduce the risk of kidney stone formation. Ultimately, dietary changes and lifestyle modifications, including weight control and physical activity, play a crucial role in preventing kidney stone disease. However, further research is needed to develop effective dietary guidelines tailored to the individual needs of patients.
Metabolic and Inflammatory Aspects of Iron Deficiency in Obese
Authors: Perko Agnieszka , Niedźwiedzka Monika , Rosińska Kamila , Łojewska Julia Natalia , Janicka Ewelina Justyna , Bochenek Oliwia , Koper Mateusz , Rosiński Mateusz
Published: September 2024

Obesity is a chronic disease with a complex etiology, characterized by a persistent inflammatory state induced by various pro-inflammatory cytokines, including interleukin-6. This condition leads to increased production of hepcidin, a protein hormone responsible for regulating iron homeostasis. Hepcidin's primary function is to inhibit iron absorption by enterocytes, the cells lining the small intestine. Symptoms of iron deficiency, which is crucial for oxygen transport, energy production, and immune system support, can be varied and often nonspecific, such as general weakness, pallor, or concentration difficulties, potentially prolonging the diagnostic process. This article aims to analyze the relationship between obesity and iron deficiency in the metabolic context. Obesity, being one of the most prevalent health issues of the modern world, is associated with numerous complications, including disturbances in iron metabolism. Iron deficiency in obese individuals can lead to anemia, reduced physical performance, and cognitive impairments. Traditional treatment methods for this micronutrient deficiency involve supplementation. However, supplementation shows reduced efficacy in overweight and obese individuals, likely due to elevated hepcidin levels. A more effective approach should include interventions targeting not only the supplementation of the missing micronutrient but also weight reduction.
New-onset diabetes mellitus type 2 treated with metformin - is it possible to slow the development of pancreatic cancer?- case report
Authors: Pochodowicz Katarzyna , Rogowska Karolina , Zawistowska Julia , Rutkowska-Kawalec Weronika , Kawalec Jakub , Lęgas Angelina , Smalira Joanna , Rogala Weronika , Przybysz Bartosz , Urbańska Karolina
Published: September 2024

In this article, we present the case of an 87-year-old patient whose initial symptom of developing pancreatic cancer was newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes mellitus. She was treated with metformin, which, on the one hand, could slow the development of pancreatic cancer and, on the other hand, delayed a key cancer diagnosis. However, before the definitive diagnosis, the patient's symptoms were considered merely as side effects of metformin treatment, delaying the proper diagnosis. We consider that early diagnosis of pancreatic cancer remains a significant challenge. Often, the first symptom is newly diagnosed diabetes mellitus type 2. In this article, we aim to demonstrate the importance of being vigilant when diagnosing and treating diabetes mellitus with metformin. We also present the impact of metformin on the course of pancreatic cancer. Additionally, we emphasize the need to be attentive when patients complain of side effects of this medication, as they may often mask the development of pancreatic cancer.
Influence of physical activity on the values of hemorheological parameters
Authors: Szpernalowska Anna , Marcinkowska-Gapińska Anna
Published: September 2024

Physical activity is a major factor contributing to maintaining overall health and properly functioning circulatory system. One of the underlying mechanisms is modifying blood flow by influencing hemorheological parameters, the most important of which are: hematocrit, plasma viscosity, whole blood viscosity, the ability of red blood cells to aggregate, deform and orient. We conducted a literature review to investigate how different types, intensities and phases of physical activity affect rheological properties of blood. The results show that short-term effects of exercise differ from the long-term consequences and rheology of blood varies depending on strength/endurance type of the training as good as on its regularity and intensity. Findings from this research may be applicable in improving sport’s performance and health maintenance in athletes.
preferability of internal fixation in comparison to external fixation in geriatric patients after distal radial fracture in terms of functional and clinical outcomes – a systematic review
Authors: Kupniewski Kuba , Krawczyk Kornelia , Majka Karolina , Perenc Helena , Pasieka Karolina , Korzonek Urszula , Kosiorowska Paulina , Kosar Michał , Pędras Marek
Published: September 2024

Background: Distal radial fractures (DRFs) are common in the elderly, particularly among those over 65, due to factors such as osteoporosis, falls, and comorbidities. Treatment options, including external fixation (ExFix) and internal fixation (IF) with volar locking plates (VLPs), offer different benefits and drawbacks, making the optimal approach for elderly patients a topic of ongoing debate.
Objective: This systematic review aims to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of different treatment modalities for DRFs in elderly patients, focusing on functional outcomes, radiographic parameters, and complication rates.
Methods: A comprehensive search was conducted on PubMed, focusing on studies comparing ExFix and IF in elderly patients. Studies were screened based on predefined inclusion criteria, and data on functional outcomes, radiographic alignment, and complications were extracted and analyzed.
Results: Two studies met the inclusion criteria. Huang et al. demonstrated that VLPs offered better functional outcomes, with improved supination and fewer complications, compared to ExFix. In contrast, the systematic review by Diaz-Garcia et al. suggested that while VLPs generally provided good outcomes, Non-Bridging External Fixation (Non-BrEF) showed superior grip strength in some analyses. Radiographic outcomes varied, with VLPs typically providing better volar tilt and radial inclination, though the clinical significance of these differences remains uncertain. Complication rates were lower with VLPs in Huang et al.'s study, but Diaz-Garcia et al. noted a higher incidence of major complications requiring surgery with VLPs.
Conclusion: The findings suggest that VLPs may offer superior functional outcomes and lower complication rates compared to ExFix in elderly patients with DRFs. However, further research is needed to clarify the clinical significance of these differences and optimize treatment strategies for this vulnerable population.
Poza lekturą. O materialności rzeczy pisanych w sytuacjach ekstremalnych
Authors: Rodak Paweł
Published: September 2024

W artykule autor zwraca uwagę, że zapisy dokonywane w czasie wojny i Zagłady, w sytuacjach ekstremalnych – takich jak obóz koncentracyjny, obóz zagłady, łagier, getto, bunkier czy okopy – charakteryzują się specyficzną materialnością, która powinna być brana pod uwagę przy analizie tych zapisów. Zapisy te (np. dzienniki czy listy) nie powinny być analizowane i interpretowane jedynie w wyniku procesu lektury, a ich materialność nie powinna być „czytana” tak jak tekst. Autor pokazuje znaczenie elementów materialności zapisów, takich jak: materiał, nośnik, narzędzie pisania, wygląd pisma, zniszczenia, struktura materialna. Podkreśla także materialny, a zarazem performatywny aspekt różnego rodzaju działań związanych ze sposobem istnienia rzeczy pisanych w sytuacjach ekstremalnych, tworzących dynamiczną sieć praktyk, na którą składają się m.in. pisanie, ukrywanie, przepisywanie, przekazywanie, poszukiwanie i odnajdywanie, konserwowanie, archiwizowanie, wreszcie publikowanie oraz prezentowanie rzeczy pisanych w sytuacjach ekstremalnych na wystawach. Właśnie wystawy, obok publikacji książkowych i materiałów archiwalnych, stanowią zasób przykładów wykorzystywanych w artykule.
Reprezentacje niepamięci. Pamiętniki kobiet ze zbioru „Wieś polska 1939–1948” wobec zapisków archiwalnych
Authors: Tosiek Antonina
Published: September 2024

Artykuł przedstawia analizę porównawczą archiwalnych rękopisów pamiętnikarek chłopskich nadsyłanych na konkurs „Opis mojej wsi” w 1948 roku oraz publikowanych na ich podstawie regestów w czterech tomach monografii pokonkursowych Wieś polska 1939–1948 (1967–1971). Analizie zostają poddane strategie redakcyjne, na które zdecydowali się twórcy opracowania nadesłanych zapisków: Krystyna Kersten i Tomasz Szarota. Różnice w kreowaniu opowieści oraz uznawaniu istotności zapisków autorstwa mieszkanek wsi w rękopisach i tekstach opublikowanych stanowią pretekst do rozważań nad systemowym wytwarzaniem polityki pamięci, która świadectwom kobiet nadaje status mniej znaczących i wiarygodnych. Proces edycji oraz cenzurowania znaczącej większości zapisków chłopek nadsyłanych na pierwszy powojenny konkurs pamiętnikarski jest rozpatrywany jako przykład „epistemicznej niesprawiedliwości” (A. Reading) w procesach kolektywnego konstruowania pamięci oraz dowód na funkcjonowanie równoległych zasobów dziedzictwa społecznego: pamięci zmaskulinizowanej (oficjalnej) i pamięci kobiecej (klasyfikowanej jako pamięć prywatna, niezyskująca statusu faktów historycznych).
Dziennik „niemiecki” Janiny z Kramsztyków Hartmanowej
Authors: Mitzner Piotr
Published: September 2024

Publikacja z rękopisów przekładów poezji niemieckiej. Dokonała ich Janina z Kramsztyków Hartmanowa (1888–1960), której żydowskie pochodzenie zmusiło ją do ukrywania się w latach 1940–1945 w Milanówku. Była doświadczoną tłumaczką poetów francuskich, niemieckich, rosyjskich i Horacego. Z okresu wojny zachowały się jej liczne, precyzyjnie datowane na wzór zapisów dziennikowych, tłumaczenia poezji klasycznej, jak i współczesnej, od Goethego do antyfaszysty Franza Werfla.
Zdrowy rozsądek jest ważniejszy niż konsekwencja. Rozmowa Wojciecha Kruszewskiego i Dariusza Pachockiego z Beatą Utkowską
Authors: Utkowska Beata , Kruszewski Wojciech , Pachocki Dariusz
Published: September 2024

Wywiad Dariusza Pachockiego i Wojciecha Kruszewskiego z Beatą Utkowską
Profesor Hutnikiewicz – legenda toruńskiej polonistyki
Authors: Kalinowska Maria
Published: September 2024

Rec. J. Kłosiński, Mistrz – profesor Artur Hutnikiewicz, Towarzystwo Naukowe w Toruniu, Toruń 2023.
Listy Artura Hutnikiewicza do Lucyny Żbikowskiej
Authors: Śliwińska Milena M.
Published: September 2024

Rec. L. Żbikowska, Listy Artura Hutnikiewicza, Rzeszów 2023.