bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Sporting Exemption of Broadcasting Rights: Why and How Does EU Law Exempt the Collective Sale of Broadcasting Rights by UEFA?
Authors: Iñiguez Sergio
Published: February 2025

There are two ways to sell broadcasting rights to a club competition. The first is individual selling, whereby clubs sell the rights to their home games to broadcasters and negotiate prices individually. The second is collective selling, meaning the rights are sold as one bundle to broadcasters and the revenue is then distributed among the clubs according to the criteria set in the relevant agreement. The Union of European Football Associations (UEFA) uses the latter, which in principle constitutes a restriction of competition under European Union (EU) law, as it forecloses the market for broadcasting rights. Yet the practice is exempted from ordinary competition law. This was decided by the European Commission more than 20 years ago in a decision that put forward the arguments of efficiency gains and solidarity redistribution. However, as has been made clear in the recent European Super League judgment, the arguments are of a theoretical nature and the decision is based on a poor and incomplete analysis. The benefits of the collective sale of broadcasting rights by UEFA may or may not outweigh the disadvantages caused, but the fact that the answer is still highly unclear represents a failure by EU law to respect its own competition law, and to justify any exemptions to it.
An Analysis of the Green Synthesis of Copper Nanoparticles using Plant Leaf Extracts
Authors: M D S V J P Koteswari
Published: February 2025

Activating research in the field of nanotechnology exists the intense focus on copper nanoparticles or CuNPs because of their numerous applications throughout medicine and catalysis and electronics and environmental clean-up operations. Plant leaf extract-based green synthesis has become an environmentally responsible and cost-efficient method for producing nanoparticles which replaces traditional chemical and physical synthesis techniques. This assessment explores plant leaf extract-based CuNPs synthesis which uses phytochemicals to act as both reduction agents and stability enhancers. The review discusses plant species, extract compositions, reaction conditions while describing how these affect nanoparticle characteristics including size, shape and stability. Biosynthesis mechanisms of CuNPs are determined while analyzing how phenolic compounds and flavonoids together with biomolecules affect nanoparticle formation. The paper examines both the economic and technical limitations of plant-based nanoparticle synthesis methods and evaluates them from a critical standpoint. The evaluation includes modern achievements in green CuNP synthesis and their probable uses in industry. Future research efforts will aim to improve synthesis methods and maximize production outputs and create multifunctional advanced CuNPs with enhanced capabilities. The research presents in-depth findings about plant-generated CuNP methods that promote the development of environmentally friendly nanotechnology applications.
Assessing cognitive decline for effective screening: evaluating the efficacy of mini-mental status examination and Addenbrooke’s cognitive examination in identifying minimal hepatic encephalopathy in patients with compensated liver cirrhosis
Authors: Singh Alok Kumar , Agarwal Saurabh , Kumar Vinay , Giri Richa , Shrivastava Shivam
Published: February 2025

Background: Liver cirrhosis is a progressive disease marked by significant liver scarring and functional impairment. Minimal hepatic encephalopathy (MHE), a common complication, has a global prevalence of 30-84%, and in India, up to 59.7% among cirrhosis patients. Despite its prevalence, routine MHE screenings are infrequent, highlighting a significant gap in cirrhosis management. This study aims to evaluate the efficacy of the mini-mental status examination (MMSE) and the Addenbrooke’s cognitive examination (ACE) in early detection of cognitive impairments in liver cirrhosis patients.
Methods: The study assessed cognitive function in 126 participants (63 males with compensated liver cirrhosis and 63 healthy male controls) using MMSE and ACE. Logistic regression analysis was employed to explore the relationship between cognitive impairment and MHE.
Results: MMSE scores were significantly lower in the cirrhosis group (M=23.73, SD=1.74) compared to controls (M=25.61, SD=1.07), indicating cognitive impairments, especially in orientation and language domains. ACE scores also showed a significant decline in the cirrhosis group (M=80.92, SD=2.66) compared to controls (M=84.98, SD=3.06), particularly in visuospatial abilities.
Conclusions: MHE significantly affects cognitive function in compensated liver cirrhosis patients. Both MMSE and ACE are effective in detecting cognitive impairments, with ACE showing greater sensitivity. Routine cognitive screening using ACE could improve early detection and intervention, enhancing cognitive function and quality of life for cirrhosis patients.
Navigating hemodynamic turbulence in penetrating liver injury: a case report
Authors: Prayogo Danniel Loogman , Sutrisna Wayan Wahyu
Published: February 2025

Penetrating liver injuries caused by knife wounds present significant challenges due to the potential for hemodynamic instability, which increases mortality risk. Early intervention and therapy for patients with hepatic trauma are crucial for effectively stabilizing the patient's clinical condition. A 37-year-old male patient arrived at our emergency department (ED) presenting with clinical signs of Grade III hemorrhagic shock following a stab wound on the right upper abdominal quadrant. Initial stabilization in the ED included administration of 2000 ml of crystalloids while waiting for the blood products; however, the patient’s present transient response hemodynamic exchange. He was emergently taken to the operating room, and we conducted an exploratory laparotomy. Intraoperation revealed a Grade 4 liver injury, affecting liver segments number five and six with a laceration size of around 12 cm. Immediate surgical interventions included the Pringle maneuver and Hepatorrhaphy. The intraoperative blood loss was approximately 3000 cc, resulting in a postoperative hemoglobin level of 3 g/dl. During both the intraoperative and postoperative periods, the patient was receiving a total of 8 units of blood in 48 hours. The patient's clinical condition improved significantly following all interventions. Patients with stab wounds, particularly those affecting the liver, face a significantly high mortality rate due to the potential for haemorrhagic shock. Immediate surgical intervention is crucial to controlling the bleeding in unstable hemodynamic patients. Additionally, blood transfusions play a vital role in stabilizing the patient's clinical condition. Early management of patients with stab wounds with hemodynamic instability needs effective initial interventions and surgical procedures.
A case report of successful thrombolytic therapy in stuck mechanical mitral valve in a case of post mitral valve replacement with severe left ventricular dysfunction
Authors: Sharma Munish , Pandit Anupam
Published: February 2025

Stuck mechanical heart valves had always been tricky to manage and there has been always a debate on how to proceed with management plan. There is uncertainty regarding the type of thrombolytic agent, its dose, and rate of administration. We are reporting a case of stuck mitral valve with extremely low left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) which was successfully thrombolyzed using slow thrombolytic regimen. 57 years old lady, an old case of rheumatic heart disease (RHD) with severe mitral stenosis (MS), post mitral valve replacement (mechanical SJM 29 mm) in 2013, has presented with breathlessness New York Heart Association (NYHA) class 3 since 15 days. She has history of drug default. Clinically she was in heart failure and heart sounds were muffled (no clicks). On suspicion of stuck mitral valve urgent 2D ECHO was done which confirmed stuck mitral valve leaflet, with a high mean pressure gradient across prosthetic mitral valve (MV) (18 mmHg). She had severe Pulmonary arterial hypertension with maximum gradient right ventricular systolic pressure (RVSP) of 60 mm. LVEF was 20%. Fluoroscopy is not available at our centre. She was urgently thrombolysed with 25 mg alteplase over 06 hours along with unfractionated heparin infusion @1000 u/hour for 24 hours. 2D ECHO was repeated after 24 hours which revealed leaflets of mitral valve moving freely, with MVA >2 cm2. Mean gradient was reduced to 4 mm Hg across mitral valve. Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) has reduced to 36 mm. LVEF has improved to 35%. Patient has been in follow up for more than a year with sustained results. Thrombolytic agents are a good alternative for stuck mechanical valves especially when cardiothoracic surgery is unavailable at remote centres.
A rare case of adult-onset Still’s disease with peripheral neuropathy
Authors: Buch Kathan Pankaj , Solanki Anshu Kishor , Gondaliya Shrey Rajesh
Published: February 2025

Adult onset stills disease is a rare multisystem inflammatory autoimmune disorder which is characterized by a triad of fever, joint pain, and a transient salmon-pink maculopapular rash. Here we present a rare case of 27-year-old female who presented with symptoms of fever, polyarthritis for 2 months, and ulceration of right foot and numbness of left hand for 20 days. The diagnosis of adult-onset Still’s disease (AOSD) was confirmed as patient fulfilled the Yamaguchi criteria. The presentation, diagnostic work up and management is discussed and the current literature pertaining to this interesting case is reviewed.
Vitamin D supplementation to reduce chronic obstructive pulmonary disease exacerbation: a scoping review
Authors: Kadir Yolanda , Indarta Povi P.
Published: February 2025

Acute exacerbations are prevalent in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and are associated with poor clinical outcomes. Deficiency of vitamin D, a nutrient well-known for its immunomodulatory and anti-inflammatory properties, is relatively common in patients with COPD. Yet, researches on the role of vitamin D in the management of COPD exacerbations have yielded conflicting results. This systematic review aims to thoroughly investigate the effectiveness of vitamin D supplementation in reducing COPD exacerbations. The PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane databases were searched from inception to 14 March 2024. All clinical trials comparing the efficacy of vitamin D supplementation versus placebo that reported incidence of acute exacerbations as their primary or secondary endpoints were included. Eight randomized controlled trials (RCTs) involving 1,254 COPD patients were included in the analysis. Study durations ranged from 6 months to 3.3 years. The dosage regimen of vitamin D supplementation varied widely, from 1,200 IU daily to 100,000 IU monthly. Five studies reported significant reduction in COPD exacerbations (p<0.05), with two of them noting significant reductions only in patients with severe vitamin D deficiency. Three studies found no significant difference in exacerbation rate. Vitamin D supplementation generally reduced COPD exacerbation rate, particularly in patients with severe vitamin D deficiency. Further clinical studies are required to determine the optimal and safe dosage regimen for this special population.
Magnitude of safe menstrual hygiene management practice and its associated factors among adolescents’ girls in secondary and preparatory schools in Dire Dawa city, Eastern Ethiopia, 2023
Authors: Hailu Mickiale , Abie Alemwork , Mehari Molla Getie , Dagnaw Tenagnework Eseyneh , Worku Nigus Kassie , Esubalew Dereje , Limenh Liknaw Workie , Delie Amare Mebrat , Melese Mihret , Fenta Eneyew Talie
Published: February 2025

Background: In Africa, numerous adolescent girls miss school due to menstrual cramps, inadequate menstrual hygiene supplies, insufficient water and sanitation facilities in educational institutions, and anxiety regarding potential menstrual accidents. Therefore, the aim of this study is to evaluate the prevalence of safe menstrual hygiene management (MHM) practices in Dire Dawa City, Eastern Ethiopia, in 2023. 
Methods: A facility-based cross-sectional study design was carried out in Dire Dawa City, Eastern Ethiopia.  A Participants were chosen through a simple random sampling method. Data entry was performed using Epi Data version 4.1, and analysis was conducted using SPSS version 24. Both bivariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were utilized to explore the relationship between MHM and independent variables. An adjusted odds ratio (AOR), 95% confidence interval (CI), and a p value of less than 0.05 were deemed statistically significant. 
Results: The findings revealed that 62.6% of the students practiced safe MHM. Factors significantly associated with safe MHM included the residence of adolescent girls [AOR=2.58, 95% CI=1.37-4.83], the educational level of mothers [AOR=2.94, 95% CI=1.26-5.05], receiving regular pocket money from parents [AOR=1.9, 95% CI=1.2-2.98], and family size [AOR=5.5, 95% CI=3.12-9.89]. 
Conclusions: The study indicates that over half of the adolescent girls engaged in safe MHM practices. It is recommended that educational initiatives be implemented for rural teenage girls regarding safe menstrual hygiene practices, alongside fostering family support through resources and guidance.
Sociodemographic and clinical profile of patients attending a post-COVID-19 rehabilitation program: a multicenter cross-sectional study
Authors: Muniz Valéria B. , Macedo Roberta C. , Vasconcelos Ana Karla M. , Sant'anna Thayse Nayara F. V. , Maranhao Ana Claudia P. F. , Ida Fernando S. , Netto Elaine C. , Da Silva Alfredo C. , Da Silva Cruiff Emerson P. , Venturini Márcio R. , Barros Matheus F.
Published: February 2025

Background: Neurological and musculoskeletal manifestations related to COVID-19 are prevalent and can persist beyond 12 weeks, characterizing the “Long COVID”. This paper aims to describe the sociodemographic and clinical profile reporting the prevalence of cognitive, emotional and motor symptoms of patients seen at 2 Brazilian-Rehabilitation hospitals.
Methods: Multicentric, descriptive and observational, cross-sectional study, carried out by reviewing the electronic medical records of patients, from March to September 2021.
Results: 611 individuals participated in the study (mean age: 53.4 years), 58.4% were female. Three or more former comorbidities were reported by 38.6%. Three or more persistent symptoms were present in 77.3%. Neuropsychiatric (65.0%) and memory/attention impairments (55.6%); pain (53.7%) and fatigue (51.6%) were the most prevalent. The majority had the post COVID-19 functional status scale (PCSF) score to ≥2 (66.9%). There was no association between infection severity and reported functional status. Most of the participants did not show risk of fall at Timed Up and Go Test (TUG) (68.6%), and 93.9% presented an average walking speed of ≥ 0.80 m/s. Analyzing the COVID-19 severity and TUG test results, it was identified that severely or critical affected patients had moderate to high risk of fall (P=0,02). There were associations between functional status and gait speed (P=0,01) as well as with the presence of fatigue as a persistent symptom (p=0,03).
Conclusions: The study contributes to the knowledge of sociodemographic and clinical profile of patients who presented COVID-19, showing persistent symptoms and the impact of Long-COVID on the individual's function.
Sleep quality and its association with academic performance amongst students in colleges of health technology, Akure, Ondo State
Authors: Ajeigbe Sulaimon B.
Published: February 2025

Background: Sleep constitutes a fundamental physiological phenomenon characterized by its intricate nature, whereby both the corporeal and cognitive domains undergo restorative processes for approximately eight hours each day.
Methods: It was a cross-sectional descriptive study which employed a multistage sampling method to recruit the study participants. A semi constructed questionnaire was distributed to assess the research questions. Cumulative grade point average (CGPA) was used to measure the academic performance while Pittsburgh sleep quality index (PSQI) was used to assess the sleep quality.
Results: Less than half of the students reported having good sleep quality (47%), while over half experienced poor sleep quality (53%). A significant number of students (49.5%) had lower credit grades, which may be attributed to the fact that nearly half of them had two to four carried-over courses from the previous semester. Factors that were associated with sleep quality are smoking (p=0.006), snoozing during lecture hours (p=0.036), taking coffee (p=0.0026) and using mobile phone before sleep (p=0.009).
Conclusions: This study underscores the link between sleep quality and academic performance among students at colleges of health technology. Notably, mobile phone usage before sleep was identified as a significant factor affecting both sleep quality and academic performance. It is recommended that Implementation of practical measures such as counseling services or adjustments to academic schedules to enhance sleep quality among students.
Magnitude of test anxiety and its determinants among midwifery and nursing students in Eastern Ethiopia, 2023
Authors: Hassen Mawerdi Adem , Tadesse Daniel , Tefera Bereket , Abera Legesse , Hailu Mickiale
Published: February 2025

Background: Test anxiety is referred to as the set of psychological and behavioral responses that accompany concern about likely negative consequences or failure of an exam or similar evaluation situations. Test anxiety has an effect on academic achievement and success of students. Thus, the aim of this study is to assess the magnitude of test anxiety among midwifery and nursing students in Eastern Ethiopia, 2023.
Methods: An institution-based cross-sectional study was conducted among midwifery and nursing students at Eastern Ethiopia universities. Study subjects were selected using a simple random sampling technique. The data were entered into Epi Data version 4.1, and the data was exported to SPSS version 24 for analysis. Bivariate and multivariable logistic regression analyses were performed to identify the association between test anxiety and independent variables. Finally, the AOR, 95% CI, and p-value < 0.05 were considered statistically significant.
Results: the overall magnitude of test anxiety among midwifery and nursing students was 53.5% (95% CI=42.49-58.83). Being female [AOR=2.03, 95% CI=1.40-2.94], poor time management [AOR=2.33, 95% CI=1.62-3.36], psychological distress [AOR=1.4, 95% CI=1.03-2.14], and lack of study plan [AOR=1.59, 95% CI=1.09-2.30] were significantly associated with test anxiety.
Conclusions: Magnitude of test anxiety among midwifery and nursing students is pressing concern that can adversely affect their academic performance and overall well-being. Data suggests that this anxiety is not only common but also influenced by identifiable factors such as gender, time management, psychological health, and study habits.
Hepaticojejunostomy for iatrogenic bile duct injuries
Authors: Agrawal Himanshu , Jain Radhika , Ahmad Usaid
Published: February 2025

Iatrogenic bile duct injuries (BDIs) are a serious complication of cholecystectomy, with an incidence ranging from 0.1% to 0.25% in open procedures and 0.3% to 2.6% in laparoscopic ones. Hepaticojejunostomy (HJ) is considered the gold standard for managing these injuries. This case series presents four patients with iatrogenic BDI, all managed with HJ at a low-volume center. The injuries occurred during laparoscopic or open cholecystectomy, and all were identified intraoperatively. The types of injuries varied, including complete transactions and cautery-related damage to the common bile duct, with one case requiring re-exploration and a side-to-side Roux-en-Y HJ due to postoperative obstructive jaundice. In all cases, the surgical team demonstrated the ability to manage these complex injuries effectively, despite limited experience in advanced hepatobiliary procedures. The cases emphasize the importance of early identification and intraoperative management of BDI, even in low-volume centers. Postoperative recovery was uneventful in most cases, with patients being discharged within 5 to 6 days. This series highlights that with proper surgical expertise, iatrogenic bile duct injuries can be successfully managed with HJ. However, patient safety should remain the top priority. If there is any doubt, referral to a higher center with specialized hepatobiliary expertise is advised.
Epinephrine nasal spray ‘Neffy’: a novel advancement in the treatment of anaphylaxis
Authors: Zafar Mahtab , Amir Suhaina , Saad Muhammad
Published: February 2025

Anaphylaxis is a severe, systemic allergic reaction characterized by rapid onset and potentially fatal outcomes if not treated immediately. It commonly results from exposure to allergens such as foods, insect stings, or medications. Recent studies indicate worldwide incidence to be approximately 46 cases per 100,000 population annually. Immediate administration of epinephrine is essential in preventing the escalation of symptoms, including hypotension, bronchoconstriction, and airway obstruction.
INNOVATIONS IN THE METHODS OF TEACHING PHYSICAL EDUCATION IN UKRAINIAN UNIVERSITIES
Authors: Lutsenko Iryna , Leshchenko Hennadii , Prots Tetiana , Gvozdetska Svitlana , Omok Hanna
Published: February 2025

In the modern educational space, innovations play an important role in optimising education. Accordingly, the aim of the study is to classify the chief innovative solutions in physical education and to describe their opportunities and challenges. For this purpose, the concept of descriptive research was used. The main research tools are questionnaires and observations. The participants of the study are students and teachers of higher education institutions (30 people in total). A purposive sample was used to involve them, which involved the deliberate selection of participants according to specific criteria (ability to understand modern technologies, experience of their use). Observation was conducted during lectures and practical classes. The data obtained were categorised and analysed comparatively. The results indicate that yoga, Nordic walks, pump aerobics, fitness aerobics, step aerobics and martial arts are important elements in modern digital learning. The integration of such areas improves the physical fitness of students. An important role is also played by the use of modern technologies: digital, multimedia, interactive, virtual and augmented reality, which contribute to the interest of students in the learning process. The conclusions summarise that despite their potential, the implementation of these technologies faces a number of difficulties: insufficient material and technical base, lack of qualifications, and the fact that some technologies are superficially used.
Optimization of Mutagenic Doses in Bitter Gourd (Momordica charantia L.) for EMS and Gamma (γ) Rays
Authors: Kunreddy Madhusudhan Reddy , Kumar Randhir , Bhardwaj Ajay , Chattopadhay Tirthartha
Published: February 2025

Background: Optimizing mutagen doses is a critical step in mutagenesis studies, as it allows researchers to balance the induction of genetic variations with the overall health and viability of the treated plants. The specific optimal doses may vary depending on the species and desired traits to be improved in bitter gourd. Methods: Present research was conducted to create various attributes for selection like macro mutants and micro mutants. In the present study, bitter gourd cultivar Kahalgaon Local was treated with four concentrations of EMS viz., 0.1, 0.2, 0.3 and 0.4% and three doses of gamma rays irradiation viz., 0.25, 0.50 and 0.75 kGy. The germination percentage, survival rate and LD50 value were estimated. Result: Through induced mutagenesis and based on seed germination (%) and plant survival of treated material; it is concluded that, LD50 dose of EMS and gamma rays were 0.2% and 0.25 kGy, respectively. The increase in the treatment dose of EMS and gamma rays, resulted in reduced germination and survival percentage. Among various EMS treatments tested, highest lethality was recorded at 0.4% EMS treatment and lowest lethality was recorded at 0.1% EMS treatment. Similarly, among various gamma irradiation treatments tested, highest lethality was recorded at 0.75 kGy of seed treatment and lowest lethality was recorded at 0.25 kGy of seed treatment.
Detection and Molecular Analysis of Picobirnavirus and Rotavirus from Animal Faecal Samples
Authors: Reddy Mareddy Vineetha , Gupta Vandana , Nayak Anju , Rajput Nidhi , Gupta Bhavana , Warke Shubhangi , Kumar Gulshan , Tiwari Sita Prasad
Published: February 2025

Background: Picobirnavirus (PBV) is an enteric virus with potential for interspecies transmission, affecting various animal species and possibly humans. This study aimed to investigate the prevalence and molecular characterization of PBV in faecal samples from various animal species in Jabalpur, Madhya Pradesh, India. Diarrhoeic and non-diarrhoeic samples from calves (cattle and buffalo), goats, pigs, dogs and poultry were collected for analysis. Methods: A total of 150 faecal samples, including diarrhoeic and non-diarrhoeic samples, were collected from calves (cattle and buffalo), goats, pigs, dogs and poultry. Faecal suspensions were prepared and RNA extraction was performed. Both RNA-PAGE (Polyacrylamide Gel Electrophoresis) and PCR techniques were employed to detect PBV, with PCR also used for Rotavirus detection. Various primer sets targeting the RdRp gene of segment 2 were utilized for PBV detection, while specific primers were applied for Rotavirus detection. Sequencing and phylogenetic analysis were conducted on selected samples to characterize viral genetic similarity. Result: Among the 150 faecal samples, 4.0% (6/150) were positive for PBV by RNA-PAGE, with three buffalo and three dog samples displaying a three-band pattern. RT-PCR using different primer sets revealed a 7.33% (11/150) prevalence of PBV, with buffalo and goats showing the highest rates. Co-infection of PBV and Rotavirus was observed in some samples, suggesting possible interactions between these viruses. Nucleotide identities of the goat isolate S14 (GenBank OP866965) with other PBV sequences in GenBank ranged from 93.40% to 95.73%.
Biological Control of Tomato Root Rot Disease by Indigenous Rhizobacteria in Greenhouse Setting
Authors: Hussein Safaa N. , Safaie Naser , Shamsbakhsh Masoud , Al-Juboory Hurria H.
Published: February 2025

Background: Rhizobacteria are essential for plant health by offering natural antagonism to soil-borne fungi. Rhizobacteria are regarded as an alternative to chemical agents for the integrated control of plant diseases and for enhancing yield in an ecologically sustainable way. Nonetheless, there is a limited comprehension of the precise processes via which rhizobacteria suppress these diseases and the variety of rhizobacterial species implicated. Methods: Through experiments conducted in 2022-2024,the efficiency of 12 rhizobacterial isolates of Alloiococcus otitis BRE6, Aneurinibacillus thermoaerophilus SDV1, Aeribacillus pallidus ECC4, A. thermoaerophilus ECL1, Bacillus megaterium SKE2, Staphylococcus lentus BZD2, Enterobacter cloacae complex BZD3, B. megaterium TNK1, Leclercia adecarboxylata DKS3, B. halotolerans DMC8, B. subtilis NAS1 and Paenibacillus polymyxa TRS4, in controlling soilborne pathogenic fungi of Rhizoctonia solani, Macrophomina phaseolina and Pythium aphanidermatum, the causal agents of tomato root rot disease was evaluated under greenhouse conditions and plant growth parameters were evaluated. Result: The results indicated that the combination treatment of 12 rhizobacterial isolates (COR12) achieved the highest germination rate of tomato seeds in the presence of pathogenic fungi, reaching 100% and the lowest rate of disease incidence and severity, reached 5% and 1%, respectively, compared to the positive control treatment, which reached 82% and 53%, respectively. Representing control disease value of 98% compared to the single bacteria treatments. The COR12 treatment achieved a significant increase in the growth parameters represented by plant height and fresh and dry weight of the shoot and root system in the presence of pathogenic fungi compared to the individual bacterial treatments.
The Effect of Inorganic and Microbial Fertilizer Applications on the Grain Yield and Some Agronomic Characters of the bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.)##
Authors: ERDİN Fatih , KULAZ Haluk
Published: February 2025

Background: In the century we live in, due to the environmental problems caused by the use of synthetic fertilizers, sustainable solutions are being sought. The use of beneficial microorganisms as biological fertilizers, which are directed in line with these searches, is remarkable. has become a phenomenon. This study aimed to investigate the effect of microbial fertilizer comparing them with synthetic fertilizer in Van ecological conditions. Methods: This research was conducted in summer seasons of 2020 and 2022 to investigate the effects of microbial (Bacillus atrophaeus, Bacillus-GC group and Rhizobium gallicum) and chemical (Control: No fertilizer, NP100: 40 kg N/ ha-1, 60 kg/ ha-1 P2O5 and NP50: 20 kg N / ha-1, 30 kg/ ha-1 P2O5) fertilizer applications on the yield and nutrient content of beans. The experiment was conducted in split plot design and replicated thrice. Result: Experimental results revealed that the use of microbial fertilizers led to a significant improvement in the morphological characteristics of bean plants in comparison to those treated with inorganic fertilizers. Besides, the utilization of microbial fertilizers, particularly when arranged in a consortium, exhibited performance that was nearly indistinguishable from that of synthetic fertilization. The highest grain yield was obtained with NP100 (40 kg N/ ha-1, 60 kg/ ha-1 P2O5) + NR (Bacillus atrophaeus + Rhizobium gallicum) application. Apart from this effect, other microbial applications also played a positive role in plant growth and production. It was therefore concluded that microbial fertilizers can be employed as a suitable alternative to chemical fertilizers in order to establish a sustainable agricultural system in bean cultivation, to enhance productivity, to safeguard and to improve soil properties.
Acquiring Arabic As A Second Language Among Senior High School Students
Authors: Saleh Zeiburhanus , Murtadlo Nurul , Rosyidi Abdul Wahab , Huda Mokhammad Miftakhul , Hidayah Eni Zulfa
Published: February 2025

Arabic language learning is widespread across schools, institutes, and universities. However, understanding the motivations and methods for learning Arabic as a second language is essential for effective language education. This study aims to explore Arabic language acquisition as a second language, specifically focusing on motivations and teaching methods. This research seeks to provide insights into enhancing Arabic language learning experiences by examining the support structures and instructional approaches. This study employs a qualitative research methodology, utilizing a case study approach. The study aims to uncover patterns and themes regarding Arabic language learning motivations and instructional strategies through systematic review and analysis of these materials. The research findings shed light on the significance of Arabic language acquisition as a second language in the context of support from school leaders and teachers and diverse teaching methods contributing to the effectiveness of Arabic language instruction. Additionally, initiatives such as language revitalization committees and language programs play a crucial role in promoting Arabic language learning. This study underscores the importance of understanding motivations and employing effective teaching methods to enhance Arabic language acquisition in educational settings.
Analyzing Grammar in Collocations Al Jazeera News Channel Texts and Its Influence on the Lexicon of Non-Arabic Speaking Learners/ تحليل المتلازمات اللفظية في نصوص قناة الجزيرة الإخبارية نحويًّا وأثرها في معجم المتعلّمين من غير الناطقين بالعربية
Authors: Abu Ghalyoun Safaa Mohammad , Sapar Ahmad Arifin , Seman Haji Mohammad Bin
Published: February 2025

This research seeks to address some of the most common verbal collocations that appear in the texts of Al Jazeera News Channel by studying linguistic and rhetorical analysis, exploring their composition and grammatical structure, and knowing the extent of their stability or transformation based on whether they are open or closed collocations, that is, knowing the extent to which they can accompany a limited or unlimited number of syllables. This study uses an analytical approach to the implications of news texts and their associations, describing them, and exploring their depth according to the grammatical basis of Al Jazeera News Channel. Data collection techniques use observation and interviews. There are idiomatic expressions that cannot be changed, which refer to sayings, proverbs, and verses of the Qur'an. They have complex rhetorical shifts, and it is impossible for a student who does not speak Arabic to understand the social and semantic meanings behind Arabic proverbs, sayings, stories, and history without the teacher's explanation or the presence of a dictionary that translates these stories into an intermediary language, which is not available in a large number of dictionaries that translate collocations. Because verbal collocations This is one of the most important requirements for understanding, learning, and practicing the language, because language lessons for each target group of students are related to knowledge of the semantic and social contexts behind various expressions and structures. A dictionary is needed to help understand and use collocations in the appropriate context, and explain the underlying cultural and metaphorical dimensions. Non-Arabic speakers find it difficult to explain or because of the complexity of their use and the inability of students to include the real context, so it must be taken into account when preparing various linguistic curricula and dictionaries.
Development Of E-Book For Learning Arabic Reading Skills Based On A Genre Based Approach For Senior High School Students
Authors: Ishak Dina Mustika , Asrori Imam , Nurhidayati Nurhidayati
Published: February 2025

This research aims to describe the development of an e-book for learning Arabic reading skills based on a genre-based approach and the feasibility/validity of the developed e-book product. The research method used is research and development with the ADDIE model, which consists of five development steps, namely: 1) analysis, 2) design, 3) development, 4) implementation, and 5) evaluation. Data collection instruments include interviews and questionnaires (validation sheet). The data analysis techniques used are qualitative and quantitative. This e-book contains a collection of Islamic stories with different text genres containing text, images, audio, and hyperlinks to increase students' reading interest, facilitate their understanding of the texts presented, and support students' reading skills training. The product validation results from material experts obtained a score of 89% in the very good category. Meanwhile, validation from media experts obtained a score of 96% in the very good category. Based on the validation results, the e-book product for learning Arabic reading skills based on a genre-based approach is valid and can be implemented with students.
Legitimizing an Evil Teaching: Deguchi Onisaburō and “Superstition” in Modern Japan
Authors: Miura Takashi
Published: February 2025

This article examines the writings of Deguchi Onisaburō, the cofounder of Omoto, and argues that he actively utilized the discourse of “superstition” to criticize a variety of contemporaneous religious movements and by doing so, legitimize Omoto as the only “true” religion destined to save Japan. Scholars of modern Japanese religions have highlighted the ways in which intellectuals, journalists, and proponents of mainstream religions condemned new religions as “superstitious and evil teachings” in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries. Yet, an analysis of how new religions themselves responded to the charge of superstition has been neglected. Onisaburō was one of the most prominent religious figures in the early 1900s and possibly the public face of “superstition.” However, this article demonstrates that Onisaburō himself appropriated the language of superstition in his own writings, instead of rejecting it. More specifically, he used it to characterize established religions represented by Shinto and Buddhist institutions as backward and vilify other contemporaneous religious practices as worthless delusions. According to him, the teachings of Omoto alone represented the path forward for modern Japan. This article thus reverses the prevailing understanding of the discourse of superstition in modern Japan as simply targeting and demeaning new religions. Representatives of new religions also internalized it and invoked it to further their goals.
From Faith-Healing Group to New Religion: The Discursive Formulation of Tenrikyo in Meiji
Authors: Steffen Franziska
Published: February 2025

Tenrikyo is a popular religious movement founded in the nineteenth century based on the revelation of Nakayama Miki. The group become a Shinto sect in 1908 only after reforms in response to charges of “superstitious” faith healing and heterodoxy. These reform efforts are often presented as a part of a victim narrative of a new, universal but magical “revealed religion” struggling to persevere against the modern Shinto-centric establishment through compromise. I propose that this narrative has it backwards: the negotiation between “religion” and its supposed opposite, “superstition,” affected Miki’s healing group in its efforts to construct its self-image as the original revealed “new religion” Tenrikyo. Contrasting publications from the 1890s shows that both critics and proponents operated within the same discursive field to delegitimize or legitimize Tenrikyo, respectively. This entailed negotiating the meaning of religious salvation and healing by strategically relating their arguments to the paradigm of science and the Christian-occidental exclusivistic concept of “revealed religion.” This article gives legitimate agency back to proponents of new religious movements, showing how they strove to provide scientifically legitimate interpretations of their faith in modern times.
The Influence of Group Guidance Services Based on Problem Based Learning Approach on Improving Students' Critical Thinking Skills
Authors: Ghina Rachmawati  , Ardimen  , Masril  , Rahmad Hidayat
Published: February 2025

Seseorang yang sukses tidak hanya ditentukan oleh kecerdasan intelektualnya saja, tetapi juga sangat ditentukan oleh kemampuan berpikir kritis. Sedangkan kondisi di lapangan ditemukan siswa memiliki kemampuan berpikir kritis yang rendah. Untuk itu, kemampuan berpikir kritis siswa perlu ditingkatkan. Salah satu upaya untuk meningkatkan kemampuan berpikir kritis adalah melalui bimbingan kelompok pendekatan problem based learning. Jenis penelitian ini menggunakan metode eksperimenkuantitatif dengan desain one group pree-test-post-test design. Penentuan sampel menggunakan simpel random sampling dengan jumlah sampel 10 siswa. teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan adalah teknik nontes dengan menggunakan skala likertyaitu skala kemampuan berpikir kritis. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa bimbingan kelompok pendekatan problem based learning berpengaruh signifikan terhadap peningkatan kemampuan berpikir kritis siswa dilihat dari mampu mengklarifikasi, mampu melakukan penilaian, mampu membuat kesimpulan, mampu memilih strategi.
Exploration of the Relationship between Optimism, Resilience, and Psychological Well-Being in Guidance and Counseling Students
Authors: Harum Akhmad Harum , Suciani Latif  , Muzayyinah Al Uzrah
Published: February 2025

The purpose of this study was to examine the relations of optimism, resilience, and psychological well-being in guidance and counseling students. The method used in this research is descriptive quantitative. Data were collected through questionnaires, using 3 scales, namely the optimism scale (Revised Life Orientation Test/LOT-R), resilience scale (Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale/CD-RISC), and psychological well-being scale (Psychological well-being Ryff's Scale). A total of 246 guidance and counseling students participated in this study. The research data were analyzed using descriptive analysis techniques and multiple regression analysis. The results of this study indicate that there is a significant relationship between optimism and resilience variables on students' psychological well-being. The optimism variable has a positive influence on psychological well-being, while the resilience variable has an opposite (negative) influence on the psychological well-being of guidance and counseling students. Thus, it can be concluded that although guidance and counseling students have a high level of resilience, students may also experience greater stress, pressure, or demands so that resilience negatively affects the psychological well-being felt by students. In addition, students who have a high sense of optimism will tend to improve psychological well-being.
Post-Divorce Adjustment in Divorced Madurese Women
Authors: Muqoddam Faqihul , Ishlakhatus Sa'idah
Published: February 2025

The prevalence of divorce in Madurese society has increased in recent years, and the party that feels the most impact of divorce is women. This study aims to explain the adjustment of Madurese women after divorce. This study uses a qualitative method with a Phenomenological approach. Data collection used in-depth interview techniques involving 13 Madurese women who had divorced. Data were analyzed using the Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis (IPA) technique which involved eight stages of data analysis. Data credibility was carried out using the member check technique. The results of the study showed two themes, namely emotional dynamics and post-divorce adjustment in Madurese women. The emotional dynamics of divorced Madurese women include loneliness, sadness, hopeless, disappointment, regret, pessimism, and relief. Meanwhile, the post-divorce adjustment process that they do includes seeking social support, busying themselves with various activities, getting closer to God through prayer and worship, trying to divert memories, regulating emotions, and rebuilding self-confidence. This study is useful for Madurese women as a basis or guideline in making adjustments after divorce. It is also important to understand that the role of close people can contribute greatly to helping divorced women adjust.
Revisiting the advance of age-dependent α-synuclein propagation and aggregation
Authors: Song Dong-Yan , Li Jia-Yi
Published: February 2025

Aging is a major risk factor for different neurodegenerative diseases (NDDs), including Parkinson’s disease (PD). In PD, one of the key neuropathological features is cytoplasmic protein aggregation, named Lewy bodies (LBs) in the cell body, and Lewy neurites (LNs) in neuronal processes and terminals. The protein α-synuclein (α-syn) has been found to be a major component of LBs and LNs, and is considered to play a central role in their formation. α-Syn also increases in healthy aging and in different disease conditions. Evidence has shown that aging promotes α-syn pathological aggregation and propagation and, therefore, may induce and aggravate PD pathogenesis. Here, we aim to highlight recent advances in age-related α-syn aggregation and prion-like propagation and discuss the subsequent consequences to neuronal functions.
Photothermal-driven water-gliding microrobots based on fully integrated flexible sensors with heterogeneous wettability
Authors: Zhang Zhixing , Gao Neng , Zhang Fei , Liu Lanlan , Chen and Ying
Published: February 2025

Bionic water strider robots (BWSRs) have been a hot spot in research due to their unique biological inspiration and versatile applications in environmental monitoring. However, creating aquatic micro-robots with combined structure and function that can walk freely and perceive environmental information on water surfaces remains a challenge. Herein, self-propelled and integrated aquatic microrobots that can be remotely controlled by light and wireless environment detection are designed and fabricated by combining the actuating polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS)/carbon nanotube (CNT) substrate with heterogeneous wettability and the fully integrated wireless sensors. The substrate generates thrust on water through the photothermal Marangoni effect, serving as the propulsion system for this water-gliding microrobot. The heterogeneous wettability design features the robot with a hydrophobic body and four hydrophilic footpads. The hydrophobic body creates an air gap between the device and water, providing waterproof protection for electronics, making the robot move faster with smaller power and enabling greater load-carrying capacity. The hydrophilic footpads help the robot stand firmly on water, resisting overturn by waves and also enable modular assembly between robots. The load ability of a typical robot is 1,089% of its weight, resulting in the manufacture of microrobots with fully integrated visible light sensors and Bluetooth (BT) chips that can be steered by near-infrared laser. Hopefully, this strategy shall help to develop untethered aquatic robots with sophisticated actuation and wireless sensing for complex aquatic environments.
O CORDEL DE CEARÁ DO PARÁ (FRANCISCO GOMES) E AS PELEJAS CAMPONESAS NA ENCRUZA DESENVOLVIMENTISTA AMAZÔNICA
Authors: Almeida Rogerio Henrique , Silva Bianca Emanuelle Bezerra da , Corrêa Yasmin de Souza
Published: February 2025

O artigo analisa dois livretos de cordel produzidos por Francisco Gomes, conhecido como Ceará do Pará, onde ele reflete, a partir da perspectiva dos sujeitos colocados em condições de subordinação, ou seja, a contrapelo, as políticas de desenvolvimento impostas à Amazônia e os impactos que elas provocam junto às populações locais.
Improved treatment of colorectal liver metastases by early response evaluation and regimen adjustment: a prospective study of clinical functional MR-based modeling
Authors: Li Wenhua , Zhang Huan , Gong Zhe , Li Yue , Chen Zhiyu , Zhu Xiaodong , Huang Mingzhu , Zhang Zhe , Wang Chenchen , Qiu Lixin , Geng Qirong , Chang Jinjia , Zhao Xiaoying , Sheng Xuedan , Zhang Wen , Tong Tong , Guo Weijian
Published: February 2025

Objective: The aim of the study was to evaluate the feasibility of functional MR in predicting the clinical response to chemotherapy in patients with colorectal liver metastases (CLM). Methods: A total of 196 eligible patients were enrolled in the study between August 2016 and January 2023. Functional MR was performed at baseline and after one cycle of chemotherapy. The diffusion kurtosis radiomic texture features were extracted and a signature model was built using the R package. The initial 100 cases were designated as the training set, the following 48 cases were designated as the validation set, and the final 48 cases were designated as the intervention validation set. Results: Good performance for the response prediction (AUC = 0.818 in the training set and 0.755 in the validation set) was demonstrated. The objective response rates (ORRs) in the high-risk subgroup were significantly lower than the low-risk subgroup in the training and validation sets. Worse progression-free survival and overall survival rates were noted in the high-risk population. In the intervention set 22.9% (11/48) of the chemotherapy regimens for patients were changed in response to the model-predicted results and the ORR reached 77.1% (37/48), which was significantly higher than the training and validation sets [47.97% (71/148); P = 0.000]. Conclusions: A functional MR signature effectively predicted the chemotherapy response and long-term survival. The adjustment of the regimen guided by the model significantly improved the ORR.