bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Implementing a ‘Lead [Apron]-Free’ Cardiac Catheterization: Current Status
Authors: Patel Akash H. , Patel Vishal , Tang Yicheng , Shah Sai , Tang George , Kern Morton J.
Published: July 2024

Purpose of Review

In this review, we discuss the status of novel radiation shielding and other methods to reduce radiation exposure and its associated health risks within the CCL.

Recent Findings

There are many devices on the market each with its unique advantages and inherent flaws. Several are available for widespread use with promising data, while others still in development.

The field of percutaneous transcatheter interventions includes complex procedures often involving significant radiation exposure. Increased radiation exposes the proceduralist and CCL staff to potential harm from both direct effects of radiation but also from the ergonomic consequences of daily use of heavy personal protective equipment. Here we discuss several innovative efforts to reduce both radiation exposure and orthopedic injury within the CCL that are available, leading to a safer daily routine in a “lead [apron]-free” environment.
Software Quality in an Automotive Project: Continuous Inspection
Authors: Ferreira Ana Margarida , Brito Miguel A. , de Lima José
Published: July 2024

Because of the volume of software created in the automotive sector, improving software quality has become a need, particularly in areas where safety is crucial, such as autonomous driving. So, continuous software inspection is critical, timely, and essential for ensuring software quality and avoiding worst-case situations in the automotive sector, particularly with autonomous driving. Nonetheless, our idea is inspired by the large number of failures associated with poor software quality. As a result, the primary goal of this research is to provide a solution for continuous software quality inspection in the context of the company Bosch Car Multimedia. A tool named CIAnalyzer Tool was created for this purpose and an architecture was built and deployed in which CIAnalyzer operates as the middleware between SonarQube and Jenkins, delivering an analysis of the software every time someone adds software to the repository. The software is analyzed and, if found to be suitable, is sent to the repository. After implementing this approach, there was a 77.7% reduction in bugs, a 64.6% reduction in code smells, and a 100% reduction in vulnerabilities.
A scientometric analysis of eggshell-based composite literature with research mapping knowledge
Authors: Wibowo Cahyo Hadi , Ubaidillah Ubaidillah , Ariawan Dody , Surojo Eko , Nugroho Kacuk Cikal , Sunardi Sunardi
Published: July 2024

Eggshell, a readily available natural material, possess remarkable properties that enhance the mechanical and tribological performance of composites, as evidenced by numerous studies. However, a scientometric analysis specifically examining the research landscape of eggshell-based composites has not been previously conducted. This study addresses this gap by employing a data processing, mining, analysis, presentation, and contemporary visualization approach to analyze bibliographic data on the effects of eggshell in composites. This analysis aims to inform researchers and guide future research directions in this promising field. Scopus data was utilized for the scientometric analysis, which encompassed publishing sources, leading authors, frequently used keywords, key publications, and the countries with the most significant contributions. The analysis revealed that “eggshell” is a prominent keyword within the field. Additionally, “Key Engineering Materials” emerged as a publication source with a high number of citations and articles. Notably, India was identified as the leading country in terms of research output. The graphical and quantitative representation of researchers and nations presented in this study facilitates knowledge sharing and fosters collaborative research efforts among academics. Furthermore, this study strengthens the evidence for eggshell potential to improve the mechanical and tribological properties of composites across diverse applications. However, it is crucial to acknowledge that the pre-treatment method and composite composition significantly influence the final material’s strength and durability.
Highly efficient TiO2-pillared smectite clay with Ni and Co doping for Rhodamine B removal: kinetics of adsorption and photodegradation
Authors: Darmawan Adi , Sulaksono Setyo , Arifin Muhamad Samsul , Muhtar Hasan , Sriyanti Sriyanti
Published: July 2024

Clay exhibits the capability to adsorb dyes such as Rhodamine B (RhB); practical application reveals its susceptibility to desorption, however, compromising its efficacy for RhB removal. To address this concern, modification of Natural Boyolali Region Clay (NBR Clay) was conducted by introducing TiO2 pillars and incorporating Co and Ni as dopants. This modification aimed to augment the clay’s photodegradation capability and its RhB removal capacity. The principal objective of this study was to assess the characteristics of TiO2-pillared clay doped with Co and Ni and to evaluate its effectiveness in RhB removal. The prepared samples were analyzed using Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), thermogravimetric analysis with differential scanning calorimetry (TGA-DSC), and gas sorption analysis (GSA). TGA results indicated stability for all samples up to 650°C, except for Co-Ti/NBR Clay. After 2.5 min, the adsorption capacity of both NBR Clay and NBR Clay+ethanol (EtOH) significantly surpassed that of Ti/NBR Clay, Ni-Ti/NBR Clay, and Co-Ti/NBR Clay. However, the adsorption energy of Ti/NBR Clay, Ni-Ti/NBR Clay, and Co-Ti/NBR Clay exceeded that of NBR Clay and NBR Clay+EtOH. Furthermore, all samples adhered to the Langmuir isotherm model, indicative of a physisorption mechanism. Notably, after 80 min, the percentage of photocatalytic degradation for plain clay reached 99.61%, and this value increased with the introduction of TiO2 and doping. The Co-Ti/NBR Clay sample exhibited the highest degradation rate at 99.97%. These findings underscore the favorable influence of TiO2 addition and doping on enhancing RhB removal efficiency.
A model for frequency scaling of flow oscillations in high-speed double cones
Authors: Kumar Gaurav , Sasidharan Vaisakh , Kumara Akshaya G. , Duvvuri Subrahmanyam
Published: July 2024

Coherent small-amplitude unsteadiness of the shock wave and the separation region over a canonical double cone flow, termed in literature as oscillation-type unsteadiness, is experimentally studied at Mach 6. The double cone model is defined by three non-dimensional geometric parameters: fore- and aft-cone angles (

$\theta _1$

and

$\theta _2$

), and ratio of the conical slant lengths (

$\varLambda$

). Previous studies of oscillations have been qualitative in nature, and mostly restricted to a special case of the cone model with fixed

$\theta _1 = 0^\circ$

and

$\theta _2 = 90^\circ$

(referred to as the spike-cylinder model), where

$\varLambda$

becomes the sole governing parameter. In the present effort we investigate the self-sustained flow oscillations in the

$\theta _1$

-

$\varLambda$

parameter space for fixed

$\theta _2 = 90^\circ$

using high-speed schlieren visualisation. The experiments reveal two distinct subtypes of oscillations, characterised by the motion (or lack thereof) of the separation point on the fore-cone surface. The global time scale associated with flow oscillation is extracted using spectral proper orthogonal decomposition. The non-dimensional frequency (Strouhal number) of oscillation is seen to exhibit distinct scaling for the two oscillation subtypes. The relationship observed between the local flow properties, instability of the shear layer, and geometric constraints on the flow suggests that an aeroacoustic feedback mechanism sustains the oscillations. Based on this understanding, a simple model with no empiricism is developed for the Strouhal number. The model predictions are found to match well with experimental measurements. The model provides helpful physical insight into the nature of the self-sustained flow oscillations over a double cone at high speeds.
Transient peripheral blood transcriptomic response to ketamine treatment in children with ADNP syndrome
Authors: Buxbaum Grice Ariela S. , Sloofman Laura , Levy Tess , Walker Hannah , Ganesh Gauri , Rodriguez de los Santos Miguel , Amini Pardis , Buxbaum Joseph D. , Kolevzon Alexander , Kostic Ana , Breen Michael S.
Published: July 2024

Activity-dependent neuroprotective protein (ADNP) syndrome is a rare neurodevelopmental disorder resulting in intellectual disability, developmental delay and autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and is due to mutations in the ADNP gene. Ketamine treatment has emerged as a promising therapeutic option for ADNP syndrome, showing safety and apparent behavioral improvements in a first open label study. However, the molecular perturbations induced by ketamine remain poorly understood. Here, we investigated the longitudinal effect of ketamine on the blood transcriptome of 10 individuals with ADNP syndrome. Transcriptomic profiling was performed before and at multiple time points after a single low-dose intravenous ketamine infusion (0.5 mg/kg). We show that ketamine triggers immediate and profound gene expression alterations, with specific enrichment of monocyte-related expression patterns. These acute alterations encompass diverse signaling pathways and co-expression networks, implicating upregulation of immune and inflammatory-related processes and down-regulation of RNA processing mechanisms and metabolism. Notably, these changes exhibit a transient nature, returning to baseline levels 24 hours to 1 week after treatment. These findings enhance our understanding of ketamine’s molecular effects and lay the groundwork for further research elucidating its specific cellular and molecular targets. Moreover, they contribute to the development of therapeutic strategies for ADNP syndrome and potentially, ASD more broadly.
Radical polymerization of alkenyl boronates and C–B bond transformation: polymer synthesis through side-chain replacement for overcoming synthetic limitations
Authors: Nishikawa Tsuyoshi
Published: July 2024

Vinyl polymers are typically synthesized through the addition polymerization of corresponding vinyl compounds. However, the polymerization ability significantly depends on the substituent on the vinyl moiety, resulting in various synthetic limitations in the molecular structure of vinyl polymers. Given the increasing societal demand for enhanced properties and functions of polymer materials, innovative synthetic technologies are required for developing next-generation polymers through flexible molecular design. The author has made considerable efforts to overcome these limitations in polymer synthesis by employing alkenyl boronates as monomers for radical polymerization. The resulting polymers bear boron on the main chain, allowing the replacement of boron side chains with other elements through the cleavage of carbon–boron bonds in postpolymerization transformations. This strategy, based on “side-chain replacement,” has enabled the synthesis of various polymers that were previously inaccessible.
Thermal sensitivity of soil microbial carbon use efficiency across forest biomes
Authors: Ren Chengjie , Zhou Zhenghu , Delgado-Baquerizo Manuel , Bastida Felipe , Zhao Fazhu , Yang Yuanhe , Zhang Shuohong , Wang Jieying , Zhang Chao , Han Xinhui , Wang Jun , Yang Gaihe , Wei Gehong
Published: July 2024

Understanding the large-scale pattern of soil microbial carbon use efficiency (CUE) and its temperature sensitivity (CUET) is critical for understanding soil carbon–climate feedback. We used the18O-H2O tracer method to quantify CUE and CUETalong a north-south forest transect. Climate was the primary factor that affected CUE and CUET, predominantly through direct pathways, then by altering soil properties, carbon fractions, microbial structure and functions. Negative CUET(CUE decreases with measuring temperature) in cold forests (mean annual temperature lower than 10 °C) and positive CUET(CUE increases with measuring temperature) in warm forests (mean annual temperature greater than 10 °C) suggest that microbial CUE optimally operates at their adapted temperature. Overall, the plasticity of microbial CUE and its temperature sensitivity alter the feedback of soil carbon to climate warming; that is, a climate-adaptive microbial community has the capacity to reduce carbon loss from soil matrices under corresponding favorable climate conditions.
Assisted tree migration can preserve the European forest carbon sink under climate change
Authors: Chakraborty Debojyoti , Ciceu Albert , Ballian Dalibor , Benito Garzón Marta , Bolte Andreas , Bozic Gregor , Buchacher Rafael , Čepl Jaroslav , Cremer Eva , Ducousso Alexis , Gaviria Julian , George Jan Peter , Hardtke André , Ivankovic Mladen , Klisz Marcin , Kowalczyk Jan , Kremer Antoine , Lstibůrek Milan , Longauer Roman , Mihai Georgeta , Nagy László , Petkova Krasimira , Popov Emil , Schirmer Randolf , Skrøppa Tore , Solvin Thomas Mørtvedt , Steffenrem Arne , Stejskal Jan , Stojnic Srdjan , Volmer Katharina , Schueler Silvio
Published: July 2024

Climate change threatens the role of European forests as a long-term carbon sink. Assisted migration aims to increase the resilience of forest tree populations to climate change, using species-specific climatic limits and local adaptations through transferring seed provenances. We modelled assisted migration scenarios for seven main European tree species and analysed the effects of species and seed provenance selection, accounting for environmental and genetic variations, on the annual above-ground carbon sink of regrowing juvenile forests. To increase forest resilience, coniferous trees need to be replaced by deciduous species over large parts of their distribution. If local seed provenances are used, this would result in a decrease of the current carbon sink (40 TgC yr−1) by 34–41% by 2061–2080. However, if seed provenances adapted to future climates are used, current sinks could be maintained or even increased to 48–60 TgC yr−1.
Development of a bisphenol A based chemosensor for Al3+ and its application in cell imaging and plant root imaging
Authors: Bari Sibshankar , Maity Dinesh , Mridha Deepanjan , Roychowdhury Tarit , Ghosh Pritam , Roy Partha
Published: July 2024

A bisphenol A based chemosensor (Me-H4L) is developed for the detection of Al3+ in animal cells (HepG 2) and plant roots.
Correction: The nature of the electronic ground state of M2C (M = Ti, V, Cr, Zr, Nb, Mo, Hf, Ta, and W) MXenes
Authors: García-Romeral Néstor , Morales-García Ángel , Viñes Francesc , de P. R. Moreira Ibério , Illas Francesc
Published: July 2024

Correction for ‘The nature of the electronic ground state of M2C (M = Ti, V, Cr, Zr, Nb, Mo, Hf, Ta, and W) MXenes’ by Néstor García-Romeral et al., Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys., 2023, 25, 31153–31164, https://doi.org/10.1039/D3CP04402E.
Cancer phototherapy by CO releasing terpyridine-based Re(i) tricarbonyl complexes via ROS generation and NADH oxidation
Authors: Kushwaha Rajesh , Upadhyay Aarti , Saha Sukanta , Yadav Ashish Kumar , Bera Arpan , Dutta Arnab , Banerjee Samya
Published: July 2024

Under visible light exposure, mitochondria localizing Re(i) tricarbonyl complexes produced different cytotoxic reactive oxygen species and photo-oxidized NADH to NAD+ to alter the mitochondrial membrane potential and damage A549 cancer cells.
Facile synthesis of five-membered cyclic RE2P–H iron(0) complexes
Authors: Brehm Philipp C. , Schnakenburg Gregor , Streubel Rainer
Published: July 2024

Synthesis of five-membered P-heterocyclic iron(0) complexes possessing a P–H unit and two P-bound heteroatoms is described. The use of K[Fe(CO)4H] allowed the synthesis of sterically non-shielded ‘secondary’ heterocyclic phosphane complexes.
Copper(i) complexes bearing pyrrole-bridged S,N and N-donor ligands as catalysts for tandem hydroamination–alkynylation: effect of anions on product formation
Authors: Mondal Munmun , Mani Ganesan
Published: July 2024

The newly designed ligands provided a variation in the structure of copper(i) complexes, which are better catalysts for hydroamination–alkynylation reactions, in which the counter anion determines which product will be formed.
Er3+/Tm3+ co-doped Zr0.85Y0.15O1.925:Yb3+ phosphors: dual-mode ratiometric thermometry based on near infrared up-conversion/down-shifting photoluminescence
Authors: Hasegawa Takuya , Takahashi Yuki , Goto Tomoyo , Sato Yasushi , Okawa Ayahisa , Yin Shu
Published: July 2024

This study develops Er3+/Tm3+ co-doped Zr0.85Y0.15O1.925:Yb3+ phosphors for dual-mode ratiometric thermometry, highlighting significant temperature-dependent NIR luminescence variations and anti-thermal quenching.
In situ evolution of bulk-active γ-CoOOH with immobilized Gd dopants enabling efficient oxygen evolution electrocatalysis
Authors: Hou Tianjue , Yang Ruotao , Xu Jiaxin , He Xiaodie , Yang Hongyuan , Menezes Prashanth W. , Chen Ziliang
Published: July 2024

Immobilized Gd dopants induced deep reconstruction of α-Co(OH)2 during alkaline OER into γ-CoOOH with modified crystallinity and electronic structure. Thus, the bulk and intrinsic activity was enhanced, boosting the resulting OER performance.
Aggregation-induced emissive nanoarchitectures for luminescent solar concentrators
Authors: Tatsi Elisavet , Nitti Andrea , Pasini Dario , Griffini Gianmarco
Published: July 2024

Recent advances in aggregation-induced emitters for luminescent solar concentrators are discussed, focusing on molecular designs enabling operation in the deep-red/near-infrared regions, for prospective use in colourless spectral conversion devices.
Intracellular delivery strategies using membrane-interacting peptides and proteins
Authors: Mai Linh D. , Wimberley Sydney C. , Champion Julie A.
Published: July 2024

Cytosolic delivery of therapeutic cargo mediated by membrane interacting peptides and proteins. Created with BioRender.com.
Determination of the amino linkage of the d-Dab residue of the cyclic lipo-octapeptide occidiofungins A–D and the antifungal activity of their analogues
Authors: Kainuma Rin , Yano Shigekazu , Konno Hiroyuki
Published: July 2024

Structural reconfirmation of the cyclic lipo-octapeptide occidiofungins A–D and the antifungal activity of their analogues.
Strategies to decouple cell micro-scale and macro-scale environments for designing multifunctional biomimetic tissues
Authors: Ghasemzadeh-Hasankolaei Maryam , Pinheiro Diogo , Nadine Sara , Mano João F.
Published: July 2024

In this review, we overview recent advancements in decoupling the cellular microenvironment from the surrounding macroenvironment in the development of biomimetic engineered tissues.
Morphology of poly-3-hexyl-thiophene blends with styrene–isoprene–styrene block-copolymer elastomers from X-ray and neutron scattering
Authors: Scheiwiller Sage C. , Mata Jitendra P. , Pozzo Lilo D.
Published: July 2024

This work focuses on complex tri-block copolymer conjugated polymer blends, providing structural understanding for this category of blend-based flexible electronics.
The response of charge transfer properties to electric fields in organic semiconductors: a comprehensive theoretical investigation
Authors: Zhang Hengyue , Zhu Jie , Niu Xinxin , Zhang Qian , Sun Yajing , Zhu Weigang
Published: July 2024

External electric fields could affect the charge mobility properties of organic semiconductors at a great level. Such influence is realized by changing the geometry and packing structure.
Wasted rose-derived porous carbons with unique hierarchical heteroatom-enriched structures as a high-performance supercapacitor electrode
Authors: Homayounfard Amir Mahdi , Maleki Mahdi , Banna Motejadded Emrooz Hosein , Ghanbari Hajar , Mohammadi Samira , Shokrieh Ahmad
Published: July 2024

High-quality and low-cost activated carbons (ACs) are highly considered as high-performance electrode materials for next-generation supercapacitors.
22.43%-Efficiency flexible modification-free perovskite solar cells with a uniform and anti-reflective ITO/SiO2/PET/SiO2 substrate
Authors: Chen Jiwen , Fan Xi , Li Jia , Wang Jinzhao , Zeng Jixi , Zhu Wenqing , Song Weijie
Published: July 2024

A modification-free flexible perovskite solar cell (PSC) fabricated on uniform and anti-reflective ITO/SiO2/PET/SiO2 substrates is demonstrated. The modification-free flexible PSCs yielded a high power conversion of 22.43% with increased stability.
Reusable polymer-based fluorescent sensor nanoprobe for selective detection of Cd2+ ions in real water sources
Authors: Karabıyık Merve , Ebil Özgenç
Published: July 2024

Fabrication of a polymer based QD–4AT fluorescence sensor nanoprobe for the detection of target heavy metal ions (Cd2+) in real water sources.
Dengue virus: pathogenesis and potential for small molecule inhibitors
Authors: Chauhan Navya , Gaur Kishan Kumar , Asuru Tejeswara Rao , Guchhait Prasenjit
Published: July 2024

Dengue, caused by dengue virus (DENV), is now endemic in nearly 100 countries and infection incidence is reported in another 30 countries. Yearly an estimated 400 million cases and 2200 deaths are reported. Effective vaccines against DENV are limited and there has been significant focus on the development of effective antiviral against the disease. The World Health Organization has initiated research programs to prioritize the development and optimization of antiviral agents against several viruses including Flaviviridae. A significant effort has been taken by the researchers to develop effective antivirals against DENV. Several potential small-molecule inhibitors like efavirenz, tipranavir and dasabuvir have been tested against envelope and non-structural proteins of DENV, and are in clinical trials around the world. We recently developed one small molecule, namely 7D, targeting the host PF4-CXCR3 axis. 7D inhibited all 4 serotypes of DENV in vitro and specifically DENV2 infection in two different mice models. Although the development of dengue vaccines remains a high priority, antibody cross reactivity among the serotypes and resulting antibody-dependent enhancement (ADE) of infection are major concerns that have limited the development of effective vaccine against DENV. Therefore, there has been a significant emphasis on the development of antiviral drugs against dengue. This review article describes the rescue effects of some of the small molecule inhibitors to viral/host factors associated with DENV pathogenesis.
Experimental and model analysis of the thermoelectric characteristics of serial arc in prismatic lithium‐ion batteries
Authors: Xu Wenqiang , Lu Languang , Zhou Kai , Li Yalun , Gao Bin
Published: July 2024

Aiming at the electrical safety problems of lithium‐ion battery system due to series arc fault, a finite element simulation model of square battery under series arc fault is established based on the magnetohydro‐dynamic equations. The arc voltages at different electrode spacings are analysed, and the electric field distribution, magnetic field distribution, arc temperature and flow velocity around the arc are investigated to determine the maximum values and locations of the electric field strength, magnetic density, arc temperature and flow velocity at the time of the arc fault. Then, on the basis of the series arc experimental platform, determine the value of the arc starting voltage and the critical power supply voltage that produces a stable arc, analyse the evolution of the arc burning time with different loop currents, the evolution of the arc of the separation gap, and then summarise the effect of the disaster on the battery. Finally, the errors of simulation and experimental arc voltage and battery surface temperature are analysed to verify the accuracy of the model.
Digging deeper into the dense Galactic globular cluster Terzan 5 with electron-multiplying CCDs
Authors: Figuera Jaimes R. , Catelan M. , Horne K. , Skottfelt J. , Snodgrass C. , Dominik M. , Jørgensen U. G. , Southworth J. , Hundertmark M. , Longa-Peña P. , Sajadian S. , Tregolan-Reed J. , Hinse T. C. , Andersen M. I. , Bonavita M. , Bozza V. , Burgdorf M. J. , Haikala L. , Khalouei E. , Korhonen H. , Peixinho N. , Rabus M. , Rahvar S.
Published: July 2024

Context. High frame-rate imaging was employed to mitigate the effects of atmospheric turbulence (seeing) in observations of globular cluster Terzan 5.

Aims. High-precision time-series photometry with the highest angular resolution so far has been obtained for the crowded central region of Terzan 5. Observations were carried out using ground-based telescopes, implementing ways to avoid saturation of the brightest stars in the field observed.

Methods. The Electron-Multiplying Charge Coupled Device (EMCCD) camera installed at the Danish 1.54 m telescope at the ESO La Silla Observatory was used to produce thousands of short-exposure time images (ten images per second), which were stacked to produce the normal-exposure-time images (minutes). We employed difference image analysis in the stacked images to produce high-precision photometry using the DanDIA pipeline.

Results. We analyzed the light curves of 1670 stars with 242 epochs in the crowded central region of Terzan 5 in order to statistically detect variable stars in the field observed. We present a possible visual counterpart outburst at the position of the pulsar J1748-2446N, and the visual counterpart light curve of the low-mass X-ray binary CX 3. Additionally, we present the discovery of four semiregular variables. We also present updated ephemerides and properties of the only RR Lyrae star previously known in the field covered by our observations in Terzan 5. Finally, we report a significant displacement of two sources by ~0.62 and 0.59 arcsec with respect to their positions in previous images available in the literature.
The true nature of HE 0057-5959, the most metal-poor, Li-rich star
Authors: Mucciarelli A. , Bonifacio P. , Monaco L. , Salaris M. , Matteuzzi M.
Published: July 2024

The Li-rich stars are a class of rare objects with a surface lithium abundance, A(Li), that exceeds that of other stars in the same evolutionary stage. The origin of these stars is still debated, and valuable routes to look at include the Cameron-Fowler mechanism, a mass-transfer process in a binary system, or the engulfment of rocky planets or brown dwarfs. Metal-poor ([Fe/H]<−1 dex) stars are only a small fraction of the entire population of Li-rich stars. We observed the metal-poor ([Fe/H]=−3.95±0.11 dex) giant star HE 0057–5959 with MIKE at the Magellan Telescope, deriving A(Li)NLTE=+2.09±0.07 dex. Such an Li abundance is significantly higher, by about 1 dex, than that of other stars at the same evolutionary stage. A previous analysis of the same target suggested that its high A(Li) reflects an ongoing first-dredge-up process. We revised the nature of HE 0057-5959 by comparing its stellar parameters and A(Li) with appropriate stellar evolution models describing Li depletion due to the deepening of the convective envelope. This comparison rules out that HE 0057-5959 is caught during its first dredge-up, the latter having already ended according to the parameters of this star. Its A(Li), remarkably higher than the typical lithium plateau drawn by similar giant stars, demonstrates that HE 0057-5959 joins the class of the rare metal-poor, Li-rich stars. HE 0057-5959 is the most metal-poor, Li-rich star discovered so far. We considered different scenarios to explain this star also comparing it with the other metal-poor, Li-rich stars. No internal mixing able to activate the Cameron-Fowler mechanism is known for metal-poor stars at this evolutionary stage. The engulfment of planets is also disfavoured because such metal-poor stars should not host planets. Finally, HE 0057-5959 is one of the most Na-rich among the Li-rich stars, and we found that a strong excess of Na abundance is common to all three Li-rich stars with [Fe/H]<–3 dex. This finding could support the scenario of mass transfer from a massive companion star (able to simultaneously produce large amounts of both elements) in a binary system, even if we found no evidence of radial velocity variations.
Chandra Survey in the AKARI deep field at the North Ecliptic Pole
Authors: Miyaji T. , Bravo-Navarro B. A. , Díaz Tello J. , Krumpe M. , Herrera-Endoqui M. , Ikeda H. , Takagi T. , Oi N. , Shogaki A. , Matsuura S. , Kim H. , Malkan M. A. , Hwang H. S. , Kim T. , Ishigaki T. , Hanami H. , Kim S. J. , Ohyama Y. , Goto T. , Matsuhara H.
Published: July 2024

Aims. We present a catalog of optical and infrared (NIR) identifications (ID) of X-ray sources in the AKARI North Ecliptic Pole (NEP) deep field detected with Chandra, covering ~0.34 deg2 and with 0.5–2 keV flux limits ranging between ~2–20 × 10−16 erg s−1 cm−2.

Methods. The optical/NIR counterparts of the X-ray sources were taken from our Hyper Suprime Cam (HSC)/Subaru and Wide-Field InfraRed Camera (WIRCam)/Canada–France–Hawaii Telescope (CFHT) data because these have much more accurate source positions due to their spatial resolution than those of Chandra and longer wavelength IR data. We concentrate our identifications in the HSC g band and WIRCam Ks band-based catalogs. To select the best counterpart, we utilized a novel extension of the likelihood-ratio (LR) analysis, where we used the X-ray flux as well as g-Ks colors to calculate the likelihood ratio. The spectroscopic and photometric redshifts of the counterparts are summarized in this work. In addition, simple X-ray spectroscopy was carried out on the sources with sufficient source counts.

Results. We present the resulting catalog in an electronic form. The main ID catalog contains 403 X-ray sources and includes X-ray fluxes, luminosities, g and Ks band magnitudes, redshifts and their sources, and optical spectroscopic properties, as well as intrinsic absorption column densities and power-law indices from simple X-ray spectroscopy. The X-ray sources identified in this work include 27 Milky-Way objects, 57 type I AGNs, 131 other AGNs, and 15 galaxies. The catalog serves as a basis for further investigations of the properties of the X-ray and NIR sources in this field.

Conclusions. We present a catalog of optical (g band) and NIR (Ks band) identifications of Chandra X-ray sources in the AKARI NEP Deep field with available optical/NIR spectroscopic features and redshifts as well as the results of simple X-ray spectroscopy. In the process, we developed a novel X-ray flux-dependent likelihood-ratio analysis for selecting the most likely counterparts among candidates.
Large-scale structure around the Fornax-Eridanus complex
Authors: Raj M. A. , Awad P. , Peletier R. F. , Smith R. , Kuchner U. , van de Weygaert R. , Libeskind N. I. , Canducci M. , Tiňo P. , Bunte K.
Published: July 2024

Aims.Our objectives are to map the filamentary network around the Fornax-Eridanus complex and probe the influence of the local environment on galaxy morphology.

Methods.We employed the novel machine-learning tool, named, 1-Dimensional, Recovery, Extraction, and Analysis of Manifolds (1-DREAM) to detect and model filaments around the Fornax cluster. We then used the morphology-density relation of galaxies to examine the variation in the galaxies’ morphology with respect to their distance from the central axis of the detected filaments.

Results.We detected 27 filaments that vary in length and galaxy-number density around the Fornax-Eridanus complex. We find that 81% of galaxies in our catalogue belong to filaments and 19% of galaxies are located outside filaments. The filaments around the Fornax-Eridanus complex showcase a variety of environments: some filaments encompass groups and clusters, while others are only inhabited by galaxies in pristine filamentary environments. In this context, we reveal a well-known structure, namely: the Fornax Wall, which passes through the Dorado group, Fornax cluster, and Eridanus supergroup. With regard to the morphology of galaxies, we find that early-type galaxies (ETGs) populate high-density filaments and high-density regions of the Fornax Wall. Furthermore, the fraction of the ETG-population decreases as the distance to the central axis of the filament increases. The fraction of late-type galaxies (LTGs; 8%) is lower than that of ETGs (12%) at 0.5 Mpc/hfrom the filament spine. Of the total galaxy population in filaments around the Fornax-Eridanus complex, ∼7% are ETGs and ∼24% are LTGs located in pristine environments of filaments, while ∼27% are ETGs and ∼42% are LTGs in groups and clusters within filaments. Among the galaxies in the filamentary network around the Fornax-Eridanus complex, 44% of them belong to the Fornax Wall.

Conclusions.This study reveals the cosmic web around the Fornax cluster, which exhibits a variety of filamentary environments. With this, our research asserts that filamentary environments are heterogeneous in nature. When investigating the role of the environment on galaxy morphology, it is essential to consider both the local number-density and a galaxy’s proximity to the filament spine (i.e. the filament core). Within this framework, we ascribe the observed morphological segregation in the Fornax Wall to the pre-processing of galaxies among groups embedded in it.
Intérêt de l’échographie thoracique pour la prise en charge
des bronchopneumonies des jeunes bovins
Authors: Berman Julie , Francoz David , Buczinski Sébastien
Published: July 2024

Les bronchopneumonies des jeunes bovins sont une des maladies la plus prévalente dans les élevages bovins et dont le diagnostic reste encore trop souvent erroné.
L’échographie thoracique est une technique facile à réaliser à la ferme, rapide et accessible à tous les vétérinaires bovins.
Parmi les différentes lésions visibles, la profondeur de consolidation pulmonaire est la lésion la plus facile à détecter et à interpréter.

L’ajout de l’échographie thoracique lors d’une suspicion clinique de bronchopneumonie ou l’évaluation d’une problématique de troupeau permet d’augmenter indéniablement les performances diagnostiques.
L’agalactie contagieuse à Mycoplasma agalactiae
chez les petits ruminants :
bilan des plans collectifs volontaires et situation nationale
Authors: Bergonier Dominique , Blaziot Julie , Tardy Florence , Poumarat François
Published: July 2024

L’Agalactie contagieuse (AC) désigne la principale mycoplasmose caprine et ovine sévissant en France. Ce terme ancien cache un syndrome plus complexe regroupant des mammites, des arthrites, des pneumopathies et des kérato-conjonctivites diversement associées. Quatre espèces de mycoplasmes peuvent en être responsables.

En France, l’AC due à M. agalactiae se différencie des formes dues aux autres mycoplasmes, pour des raisons historique et réglementaire. Elle est présente sur le territoire sous trois schémas épidémiologiques :
- une forme enzootique historiquement présente au nord des Alpes et ne touchant aujourd’hui que les ovins du Pays Basque ;
- une forme sporadique pouvant affecter les caprins sur l’ensemble du territoire ;
- et une forme particulière touchant les bouquetins (Alpes).

Grâce au réseau de surveillance VIGIMYC et à l’analyse moléculaire comparative des souches, l’épidémiologie nationale de ces diverses formes et l’antibiorésistance de M. agalactiae sont désormais mieux connues.

Des plans de lutte collectifs volontaires ont été instaurés dans les zones d’enzootie. Ils ont varié dans leur nature, mais leur principe a montré une efficacité certaine dans des conditions d’élevage propices à la diffusion des maladies contagieuses (assainissement des Savoies, incidence maîtrisée au Pays Basque).

Chez les caprins, les formes cliniquement exprimées sont très rares, ne représentant que 4 p. cent des cas d’AC caprine confirmée ; l’infection subclinique est en revanche beaucoup plus large.
Intérêt d’une analgésie multimodale pour réduire la douleur
lors de la castration chez l’ovin :
mise en évidence par une approche originale
Authors: Faure Marion , Durand Denys , Thomas Agnès , Bage Anne-Sophie , Andanson Stéphane , Ravel Christine , Chandeze Hervé , Delval Eric , de la Foye Anne , de Boyer des Roches Alice
Published: July 2024

L’objectif était de suivre la douleur induite par la castration chez des ovins et d’évaluer l'efficacité de différentes stratégies analgésiques. Vingt-quatre moutons Texel mâles âgés de 12 mois ont été castrés par pince burdizzo sans anesthésie (Cast), après une anesthésie locale (Cast + AL) ou après une anesthésie locale associée des AINS (Cast +AL +AINS).

Les réponses comportementales et physiologiques des moutons ont été enregistrées durant quatre périodes : P0 (-24h à -1 h), P1 (0 à +2 h), P2 (+3 h à +32 h) et P3 (+36 h à +78 h). Les périodes en fonction des traitements ont pu être parfaitement différenciées grâce aux 23 indicateurs de l’approche multiparamétrique.

Les lots Cast en P0, Cast + AL en P0 et Cast + AL + AINS en P0, P1 et P2 ont présenté les valeurs les plus faibles pour tous les indicateurs, reflétant probablement l'absence de douleur et d’inconfort.

Les moutons des lots Cast en P1 et P2, et Cast + AL en P2 ont montré des signes cliniques et une attention réduite, un rapport LF/HF élevé et des taux de cortisol élevés, reflétant une douleur aiguë.

Les lots Cast et Cast + AL en P3 ont une température élevée et des concentrations en haptoglobine, glucose et SAA élevées. Ainsi, les signes comportementaux de douleur ont été présents pendant les 32 premières heures suivant la castration ; l'anesthésie locale a été efficace, mais seulement pendant son temps d'action (2 h) ; l'analgésie multimodale (AL+AINS) a été efficace jusqu'à 3 jours après la castration.

Ces résultats, notamment ceux liés au comportement des moutons, peuvent aider les vétérinaires et les éleveurs à mieux détecter la douleur et ainsi, à mieux prendre en charge le soulagement de la douleur.
Impact des maladies transmises par les tiques dans les avortements bovins
Authors: Saada Chloé , Maillard Renaud , Berthelot Xavier , Nouvel Xavier
Published: July 2024

Les séries abortives d’origine infectieuse sont généralement élucidées dans 40 p. cent des cas en France [18]. Parmi les agents mis en cause, Coxiella burnetii demeure fréquemment suspectée mais probablement surestimée du fait du portage asymptomatique qui complique le diagnostic de certitude.

Si la Fièvre Q est une MTT, l’importance épidémiologique dans les transmissions entre ruminants domestiques est faible.

Parmi les autres MTT associées à des avortements, Anaplasma phagocytophilum est de plus en plus incriminée.

Le rôle de A. marginale et de Babesia spp. semble mineur et l’implication de Borrelia burgdorferi est très peu documentée à ce jour chez les bovins.

Mal caractérisée, l’implication de ces trois derniers agents dans les avortements bovins peut-être sous-évaluée.
Comment mettre en place et entretenir des prairies performantes
Authors: Bessière Mathieu
Published: July 2024

Lorsqu’elles ont conservé leur état d’équilibre, les prairies naturelles, par leurs diversités floristiques, sont plus productives et plus résilientes que les prairies plus récemment implantées.

Pour autant, il n’est pas recommandé de chercher à recopier cette diversité lors de l’implantation de nouvelles pâtures car nos approximations inévitables conduisent à des prairies déséquilibrées et difficiles à conduire. Il est préférable de choisir des associations de plantes qui respectent les mêmes appétences, les mêmes précocités et mêmes vitesses de pousse. Par exemple, il n’est pas opportun de mélanger le Dactyle ou les fétuques à feuilles dures avec du Ray-Grass Anglais.

Au delà des mélanges prairiaux, ce qui fait la force d’une prairie est le niveau de fertilité des sols. Nous devons l’apprécier sous deux aspects, l’activité biologique et la quantité de matière organique stable.

Ces deux éléments déterminent respectivement la vigueur et la robustesse des prairies. S’il est relativement simple de relancer l’activité biologique en supprimant le surpâturage, il est plus complexe et plus long de rétablir le stock de matière organique stable. Pour cela, il est nécessaire d’avoir recours à des sursemis de légumineuses annuelles, à l’épandage maximum de fumier et plus structurellement, à l’agro-foresterie.

Pour évaluer les pratiques des éleveurs, à défaut d’un bilan humique plus précis, nous pouvons comparer la ration laissée au sol à une ration de vache laitière. Cette dernière doit être en quantité élevée et présenter un bon équilibre alimentaire (sucres et fibres).
Réussite à l’insémination artificielle
et concentration des corps cétoniques dans le lait
Authors: Raboisson Didier , Jattiot Manon , Manciaux Luc , Saille Stéphane , Julien Clément , Albaaj Ahmad , Foucras Gilles
Published: July 2024

La prévalence de la cétose subclinique est estimée à 25-35% en Europe. Elle représente à ce titre une affection majeure du troupeau bovin laitier. Les liens entre cétose subclinique et troubles de la reproduction sont bien décrits d’un point de vue physiopathologie, mais leur quantification épidémiologique reste imprécise.

Le développement de la spectrophotométrie MIR sur le lait conduit à des évaluations indirectes du statut énergétique de la vache laitière en début de lactation qui peuvent être mises à profit pour améliorer la gestion de la reproduction en élevage.

L’objectif de l’étude est d’évaluer l’association entre une augmentation des corps cétoniques du lait (hypercétolactie) en début de lactation et l’aptitude à la conception des vaches laitières. Les résultats montrent de manière originale que la réussite à l’IA1 est fortement dégradée en présence d’hypercétolactie avant mais aussi après l’IA1, que cela soit pour le bétahydroxybutyrate (BHBA) ou l’acétone. Comparativement à une vache sans hypercétolactie avant et après IA1, une vache avec une hypercétolactie après (et uniquement après) l’IA1 a une chance de conception réduite de 10 à 33 % pour l’acétone et de 4 à 9 % pour le BHBA.

Ces résultats montrent que la dégradation de la fertilité pourrait, dans certaines circonstances, être attribuée à une hypercétolactie tardive et d’intensité modérée (140 jours en lait en moyenne). L’origine de cette hypercétolactie (très probablement associées à une hypercétonémie) tardive n’a pas été investiguée dans cet essai.
Prévention du stress thermique chez la vache laitière
Authors: Verdoolaege Philippe
Published: July 2024

L’évolution des conditions climatiques renforce le risque de stress thermique en période estivale dans les élevages laitiers.

Plusieurs stratégies permettent d’en atténuer l’impact. Les stratégies environnementales visent à refroidir l’air autour des animaux ou d’optimiser le transfert de chaleur de l’animal vers l’environnement. Il convient pour cela de protéger les animaux des radiations solaires ou de mettre en place des dispositifs de brumisation. La mise en place de ventilateurs est également une option. Ceux-ci peuvent être rapides à petit ou volume ou lents à grand volume. Le couloir d’alimentation est alors à équiper en priorité.

Les stratégies nutritionnelles reposent sur la distribution de l’eau ainsi que sur la composition et le mode de distribution de la ration. L’accessibilité de l’eau est en effet une priorité. La ration mérite d’être distribuée plus fréquemment de manière à éviter les gros repas tout en veillant à éviter l’échauffement.

La part de fourrages dans la ration peut être une piste à envisager. Le métabolisme de l’acétate produit plus de chaleur que la voie du propionate. Un seuil de 28 p. cent de NDF serait cependant à respecter.

La gestion de la BACA est un autre levier à notre disposition. À ce niveau, l’objectif est d’avoir une valeur de BACA autour de 300-400 mEq/kg MS. Les apports d’amidon et de matière grasse sont également des stratégies visant à compenser la baisse d’ingestion.

La niacine ou les anti-oxydants présentent également un intérêt. Les stratégies génétiques consistent en du croisement avec des races plus adaptées à ces conditions climatiques.
Échecs de traitements anthelminthiques
à base d’éprinomectine sur des petits ruminants :
résistance ou voie d’administration inappropriée ?
Authors: Bouy Michel , Fito-Boncompte Laurène , Harinck Elina , Lukkes Sanne , Heckendorn Félix
Published: July 2024

Face à une suspicion de résistance des strongles gastro-intestinaux à l’éprinomectine dans deux troupeaux (chèvres et brebis laitières) de la Drôme, des tests de résistance ont été mis en place.

Dix animaux dans l’élevage ovin et 23 animaux dans l’élevage caprin ont reçu une dose d’éprinomectine injectable par voie sous-cutanée après pesées individuelles. Des coproscopies individuelles ont été réalisées avant le traitement et 14 à 17 jours après le traitement.

Le test a mis en évidence une résistance réelle à l’éprinomectine dans l’élevage de chèvre (FECRT=23%) tandis que dans l’élevage ovin, le traitement montre une efficacité normale (FECRT=99%). Dans l’élevage caprin, l’éprinomectine a été utilisée depuis 2016 deux fois par an sur l’intégralité du troupeau puis, à partir de 2018 en traitement sélectif. On constate donc l’apparition d’une résistance 5 ans après le début d’utilisation de cette molécule.

Dans l’élevage ovin, c’est plutôt la voie d’administration (voie topique) qui semble responsable d’une faible efficacité du traitement initial.

En élevage laitier de petits ruminants, l’éprinomectine étant aujourd’hui la seule molécule utilisable avec un temps d’attente lait nul, il est impératif de prévenir l’apparition de résistances et de contrôler le maintien d’activité de cette molécule.
No evidence of pathogenicity of Dientamoeba fragilis following detection in stools: A case-control study
Authors: Tchamwa Bamini Germain , Charpentier Eléna , Guemas Emilie , Chauvin Pamela , Fillaux Judith , Valentin Alexis , Cassaing Sophie , Ménard Sandie , Berry Antoine , Iriart Xavier
Published: July 2024

Dientamoeba fragilis is a ubiquitous intestinal parasite with detection in the stools that has become increasingly frequent following the advent of PCR as a routine screening tool. However, the pathogenicity of this parasite is still much debated. In order to assess the potentially pathogenic nature of this protozoan, a retrospective case-control study was carried out between January and December 2020 on patients from Toulouse University Hospital, with the aim of evaluating the potential clinical effects and changes in laboratory parameters linked to the presence and load of D. fragilis in stools. After matching age, sex and mode of care (consultation or hospitalisation), no significant difference was observed in the frequency of clinical signs between the 36 patients who tested positive for Dientamoeba fragilis PCR in their stools and the 72 control patients who were PCR negative for this protozoan. The presence of D. fragilis in the faeces was not associated with changes in laboratory parameters. Furthermore, a high digestive load of D. fragilis had no identifiable impact on clinical and laboratory parameters. Only the concomitant presence of Blastocystis sp. in stools was significantly more frequent in the D. fragilis group (uni- and multivariate analysis). Finally, this study showed no significant difference in clinical or laboratory signs between patients carrying Dientamoeba fragilis and the control group, regardless of the intestinal parasite load, suggesting that D. fragilis could be considered a commensal of the digestive tract.
Wie körpernah darf Pflege in der Psychiatrie sein?
Authors: Köckritz Alexandra
Published: July 2024

Die „angemessene“ Nähe und Distanz wird im psychiatrischen Pflegealltag immer wieder thematisiert oder gar eingefordert. Doch welche Vorstellungen und Konzepte stecken hinter diesen vagen Begriffen und wie nah darf oder sollte psychiatrische Pflege sein?
Drei Jahre generalistische Pflegeausbildung – reichen die Kompetenzen der Absolvent*innen für die Tätigkeit in der Psychiatrie?
Authors: Kramer Jennifer , Wellensiek Stefan
Published: July 2024

Für ihre Tätigkeit in der Psychiatrie benötigen Pflegekräfte zahlreiche Kompetenzen. Sind Absolvent*innen der generalistischen Ausbildung ausreichend qualifiziert, um die pflegerischen Aufgaben in der Psychiatrie bewältigen zu können – oder sind sie unzureichend auf das Arbeitsfeld vorbereitet?