bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
TRADITIONAL METHODS KNOWN AND APPLIED BY WOMEN LIVING IN THE CITY CENTER OF BINGOL FOR MOTHER AND INFANT CARE
Authors: Bulut Aliye , Yiğitbaş Çağla , Demir Fatma
Published: February 2021

This study was conducted to determine the traditional methods known and applied by the women living in the city center of Bingöl for mother and infant care. The population of this study was composed of women aged 20 years old and over and the number of women meeting this definition is 88.265 according to 2018 data of Turkish Statistical Institute (TSI). The minimum number of people was determined as 596 that needed to be included in the sample with deviation of 4% [(n=Nt2pq/d2(N-1)+t2pq), (N=88,265, p=0.5, q=0.5, d=0.04), t=1.96)] and the study was completed with 600 women. A questionnaire consisting of 48 questions prepared by the researchers as a result of the literature review about the subject was applied to the women meeting the inclusion criteria. It was found that those who had a high educational level, were employed, had planned pregnancy, and had less than 3 pregnancies and live births considered traditional practices as insignificant. It is recommended to provide training to the women starting from the prenatal period about pregnancy, labor, puerperium, and baby care, to inform them about wrong traditional practices, and to conduct this training continuously and regularly.
BEBEK ÖLÜMLERİNİN İNCELENMESİ: KIRKLARELİ ÖRNEĞİ
Authors: Cerit Çiğdem , Porsuk Ahmet Önder
Published: February 2021

Bebeklerin doğumdan sonraki bir yıl içinde ölme oranı olarak tanımlanan bebek ölüm hızı, bir toplumun veya ülkenin genel refah seviyesinin ölçümü için bir barometreye benzetilmektedir. Çalışmanın amacı, Kırklareli İlinde beş yıllık periyotta kayıtlara geçen bebek ölümlerinin nedenlerinin belirlenmesi, alınacak önlemlere kaynak oluşturabilecek verilerin paylaşılması olarak belirlenmiştir. Bu tanımlayıcı çalışmada 2015 – 2019 yıları arasında Kırklareli İlinde görülen bebek ölüm vakaları örneklem seçimi yapılmadan incelenmiştir. Verilere Kırklareli İl Sağlık Müdürlüğü kayıtlarından ulaşılmıştır. Verilerin analizinde tanımlayıcı istatistikler ve analitik testler kullanılmış ve p≤0,05 anlamlı kabul edilmiştir. Çalışma döneminde Kırklareli İline kayıtlı toplam 109 bebeğin öldüğü görülmüştür. Bebek ölüm nedenleri arasında en sıklıkla kayda geçen üç neden sırasıyla %12,8 (n=14) ile yenidoğanın bakteriyel sepsisi, %11,0 (n=12) ile ileri derecede immaturite ve %5,5 (n=6) ile pnömoni olarak tespit edilmiştir. Ölen bebeklerin %43,1’inin erken neonatal dönemde kaybedildiği ve ölümlerin %6,4’ü için İl Bebek Ölüm Komisyonu’nca “önlenebilir” şeklinde karar verildiği saptanmıştır. Bebek ölümlerinin azaltılması için, gebelik ve bebeklik dönemlerinde izlemlere çok önem verilmesi gerekmektedir. Çocuk doğurma çağındaki tüm kadınlara, özellikle gebelere ve bebeklere, aile hekimliği birimlerinde ve üst basamak sağlık kurumlarında ayrılan süre artırılmalıdır. Sonuç olarak, yapılan bilgilendirme faaliyetleri ve izlemlerin sadece niceliğinin değil, niteliğinin de yükseltilmesine yönelik çalışmalar yapılması gerektiği kanaatine ulaşılmıştır.
AN ANALYSIS ON THE ANTI-VACCINATION MOVEMENT IN TURKISH DIGITAL PLATFORMS: EKŞİSÖZLÜK AND FACEBOOK
Authors: Tılıç Lütfi Doğan , Uz Özcan Hande
Published: February 2021

The anti-vaccination movement turned into a public health problem also in Turkey. This paper analyzes the vaccine-related posts of one of the anti-vaccination group on Facebook. The group was selected as a “purposive sample”. Also, vaccine-related entries from EkşiSözlük, one of Turkey’s most popular collaborative hypertext dictionaries, were analyzed. The study aimed to find out if digital social media in Turkey were the main hub for the anti-vaccination movement, as this is the case in several countries, while also aiming to find out the motivations of anti-vaxxers. The Thematic Content Analysis (TCA) of Facebook messages and EkşiSözlük entries showed that Facebook appeared as a platform used more by anti-vaccination, mostly religious anti vaccination groups for disseminating their ideas. In contrast, very few anti-vaxxer messages were seen on EkşiSözlük, used by more secular and usually educated people. It was seen that anti-vaxxers were motivated by postmodern allegedly “scientific” and religious arguments, both of which are often shaped by conspiracy thinking.
EFFECTS OF SOCIAL RESTRICTIONS ON THE OUTCOMES OF INPATIENTS WITH CORONAVIRUS DISEASE-19 (COVID-19) IN TURKEY
Authors: Yenibertiz Derya , Akıncı Özyürek Berna , Koç Filiz , Gökler Mehmet Enes , Şengezer Tijen
Published: February 2021

During the Coronavirus Disease-19 (COVID-19) pandemic, many precautions have been taken in every field in Turkey. Curfews started for people aged 65 and over on March 21, and for people under the age of 20 on April 3 and also on April 23, short-term curfews were only introduced for everyone on weekends, and the normalization process began on June 1. The goal of this research was to evaluate the impact of the social restrictions and normalization applied in our country on the medical outcomes of 953 patients hospitalized with COVID-19 between 15 March and 21 June 2020. Patients' age, gender, symptoms, chest tomography, intensive care, and intubation status, mortality rates, laboratory parameters, and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) results were recorded. Patient results were compared in the period of 3 weeks before and 3 weeks after curfews applied to over the age of 65 and under the age of 20 years, curfews applied to everyone for weekends and the beginning of normalization. The sociodemographic characteristics in the 1st and 2nd periods were not different, but the number of female patients increased in the 3rd period. There were some changes in symptoms and laboratory values in all periods. Deaths, admission to intensive care unit, positive PCR, and at least one positive PCR or tomography compatible with COVID-19 increased for period 1 (p<0.05). While clinical and radiological characteristics didn’t vary in the 2nd period, deaths decreased in period 3 (p:0.015). Although the findings of our study don’t seem to be positively affected by the restrictions applied in the early phase of the pandemic, we think that these restrictions have a positive impact on the number and severity of patients in the long term and provide time for the management and improvement of the health system.
Participación y control ciudadano en la actualidad: ¿qué tipo de representación y de mandato para qué clase de democracia?
Authors: Eberhardt Maria Laura
Published: February 2021

Este artículo pretende enmarcar, en términos históricos y teóricos, el análisis de los nuevos movimientos sociales, junto con el de otras formas de participación y control ciudadano emergidas desde finales del siglo XX, tanto informales (las diversas modalidades de protesta social) como formales (canalizadas a través de mecanismos institucionales semidirectos).
Se trabajará sobre tres ejes. Primero, un análisis de qué se entiende por representación y qué significado e implicancia tiene hoy su “metamorfosis” o “crisis”. Segundo, una revisión de la modalidad y el sentido que adoptó el vínculo jurídico-político entre representantes y representados en el Medioevo y la Modernidad: el mandato imperativo y el mandato representativo respectivamente. Se propone que, en la actualidad, esta relación tomó la forma de un mandato “híbrido”. Finalmente, se hará un estudio sobre los modelos históricos de democracia y el lugar que ocupa la representación y/o la participación en cada de ellas hasta nuestros tiempos.
Animalismos en el Ecuador: historia política y horizontes de sentido en disputa
Authors: Ponce León Juan José
Published: February 2021

Este artículo aborda la trayectoria socio-política de los animalismos en el Ecuador, junto a sus diversos horizontes de sentido. La metodología utilizada es de corte cualitativo, se triangulan dos técnicas: la entrevista a profundidad y el análisis de archivo. El modelo analítico está compuesto por la sociología de la acción colectiva, especialmente la teoría de marcos, y los estudios críticos animales. La investigación permite ubicar tres etapas históricas de los animalismos con sus específicas y heterogéneas formaciones. En una primera etapa, se rastrea los orígenes de los animalismos ecuatorianos con dos expresiones: un marco proteccionista y un marco anti-colonialista. En una segunda etapa, se analiza la proliferación de los animalismos y un importante viraje institucional. En una tercera etapa, se ubica un naciente horizonte anti-especista de la cuestión animal que da lugar a diferentes veganismos.
WACANA SOLIDARITAS DAN KEMAJEMUKAN ISLAM INDONESIA DI TENGAH PANDEMI COVID-19
Authors: Hakim Luqman Al , Faiz Muhammad
Published: February 2021

Pandemi Covid-19 telak melumpuhkan banyak sisi kehidupan manusia. Dalam situasi ini umat Islam Indonesia turut diuji antara lain dalam aspek solidaritas dan kemajemukannya. Sebagai konsekuensinya terdapat dua pilihan bagi umat Islam Indonesia untuk menghadapi problem global ini, antara bersatu padu atau bercerai berai. Kemajemukan dan solidaritas sangat dibutuhkan bangsa Indonesia mengingat banyaknya elemen dalam tubuh umat Islam di Indonesia seperti beragamnya ormas. Di antara yang paling besar seperti Majelis Ulama Indonesia (MUI), Nahdlatul Ulama (NU) dan Muhammadiyah. Peran pemerintah dan ulama sangat dibutuhkan dalam mengatasi Covid-19. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat bagaimana perkembangan solidaritas dan kemajemukan Islam di tengah pandemi Covid-19 serta memetakan sejauh mana dampak solidaritas dan kemajemukan yang telah dihadirkan oleh umat Islam Indonesia. Metode penelitian yang digunakan ialah metode penelitian kualitatif, berbasis pengamatan sosial. Penelitian ini menegaskan bahwa wacana solidaritas Islam Indonesia semakin meningkat di masa pandemi yang dibuktikan dengan hadirnya bantuan sosial dan kegiatan kemanusiaan lainnya secara sukarelawan yang dilakukan umat Islam, utamanya dari ormas-ormas besar Islam di Indonesia. Meski tantangannya di sisi yang lain terdapat pula segolongan umat Islam yang mengendorkan solidaritas dan kemajemukan di masa pandemi Covid-19. Karenanya penting bagi umat Islam Indonesia untuk saling mendukung dan memberikan aksi nyata dalam menjunjung konsep solidaritas dan kemajemukan demi kemajuan bangsa bersama.

 

Abstract

Covid 19 pandemic has demolished human activities, in period Covid 19 Indonesian Moslems being testing to inside solidarity and plurality. Because that has two choices to  Indonesian Moslems united and separated. Plurality and solidarity are very constructing remember for many Indonesian elements Islam an example; MUI, NU, Muhammadiyah, etc. The role of government and preacher is big sake to loose Covid 19 misery. This research aims to looks how is development Moslems solidarity and plurality in the middle Covid 19, with mapping to what extent impact solidarity and plurality are presenting from Indonesian Moslems. The research method used is qualitative, have as base Social observation, the result of this research Islamic concept solidarity and voluntary did Moeslems activities from the big Indonesian Islamic organizations with from any Islamic insantion. But in other that have present Islam be deliberate solidarity and plurality in the time Covid 19. Importantly to Indonesia Moeslems for mutual supporting and giving real actions in support concept solidarity and plurality sake together benefit.
Carrier transport mechanism of diamond p+–n junction at low temperature using Schottky–pn junction structure
Authors: Karasawa Ayumu , Makino Toshiharu , Traore Aboulaye , Kato Hiromitsu , Ogura Masahiko , Kato Yukako , Takeuchi Daisuke , Yamasaki Satoshi , Sakurai Takeaki
Published: February 2021

We elucidate the carrier transport mechanism from the p+-layer (metallic-conduction) to the n-layer (band-conduction) in a diamond p+–n junction, which is the basic structure of diamond devices. We fabricate Schottky–pn diodes containing p+–n junctions and analyze the temperature dependence of electrical properties in the forward bias region. At temperatures higher than the cryogenic region, free holes transport from the p+-layer to the n-layer. In the cryogenic region, which is insufficient to excite holes to the valence band, the direct transport of holes from the effective carrier conduction level in the p+-layer to the n-layer by tunneling becomes dominant.
Effect of (AlGa)2O3 back barrier on device characteristics of β-Ga2O3 metal-oxide-semiconductor field-effect transistors with Si-implanted channel
Authors: Kamimura Takafumi , Nakata Yoshiaki , Higashiwaki Masataka
Published: February 2021

An (AlGa)2O3 back barrier was employed for Ga2O3 metal-oxide-semiconductor field-effect transistors (MOSFETs) with a Si-implanted n-Ga2O3 channel layer. The insertion of the back barrier led to strong confinement of electrons in the channel layer, and a shallower pinch-off characteristic with shifting a threshold gate voltage by +8 V was attained for the MOSFET with the back barrier compared to the conventional one without it. The excellent gate controllability represented by a subthreshold slope of 129 mV/decade was also achieved for the back-barrier MOSFET; whereas it was 337 mV/decade for the non-back-barrier one.
Investigation of capacitor-less integrate and fire neuron by using dual-gate a PN-body tied silicon on insulator field-effect transistor
Authors: Mori Takayuki , Ida Jiro
Published: February 2021

In this study, integrate and fire neuron by using a dual-gate (DG) PN-body tied (PNBT) silicon on insulator field-effect transistor (SOI-FET) was investigated. We found out that the DG PNBT SOI-FET has the integrate and fire function in a single device. The floating body and the positive feedback effect can perform the functions of the capacitor and comparator, respectively. The device can generate a continuous spike and also a single spike signal with the additional reset scheme. The reset action requires a recovery time, which can be controlled by voltage conditions. It has a chance of making a refractory period function. These characteristics mean that it is possible to realize the capacitor-less small footprint neuron circuit with the DG PNBT SOI-FET.
PENGARUH DUKUNGAN SOSIAL UNTUK MENURUNKAN KECEMASAN KARYAWAN AKIBAT COVID-19 PADA CV. CITRA JAYA BANJARBARU
Authors: Meiske Kristin Lumanauw
Published: February 2021

Abstrak : Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah: (1) Untuk menganalisis hubungan dukungan sosial untuk menurunkan kecemasan karyawan akibat Covid-19 pada CV. Citra Jaya Banjarbaru; dan (2) Untuk menganalisis pengaruh dukungan sosial untuk menurunkan kecemasan karyawan akibat Covid-19 pada CV. Citra Jaya Banjarbaru. Metode penelitian yang digunakan merupakan metode penelitian kuantitatif. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah seluruh karyawan CV. Citra Jaya Banjarbaru yang berjumlah 41 orang. Mengingat jumlah populasi relatif kecil, yaitu di bawah 100, maka seluruh anggota populasi diambil semua sebagai sampel penelitian. Teknik analisis data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini menggunakan analisis korelasi product moment pearson dan analisis regresi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa (1) Ada hubungan antara dukungan sosial dengan kecemasan menghadapi Covid-19; dan (2) Dukungan sosial perpengaruh negatif dan signifikan terhadap kecemasan menghadapi Covid-19. Berpengaruh negatif dan signifikan artinya jika dukungan sosial meningkat, maka akan menyebabkan kecemasan menghadapi Covid-19 akan menurun. Variabel kecemasan menghadapi Covid-19 dijelaskan oleh variabel dukungan sosial sebesar 43,7%, sedangkan sisanya 56,3% dijelaskan oleh sebab-sebab yang lain di luar model yang tidak diteliti.

 

Kata Kunci: Dukungan Sosial, Kecemasan, Covid-19.

 

Abstact : The objectives of this study were: (1) To analyze the relationship between social support to reduce employee anxiety due to Covid-19 at CV. Citra Jaya Banjarbaru; and (2) To analyze the effect of social support to reduce employee anxiety due to Covid-19 at CV. Citra Jaya Banjarbaru. The research method used is a quantitative research method. The population in this study were all employees of CV. Citra Jaya Banjarbaru, amounting to 41 people. Considering the relatively small population, which is below 100, all members of the population are taken as the research sample. The data analysis technique used in this study used Pearson product moment correlation analysis and regression analysis. The results showed that (1) there was a relationship between social support and anxiety in facing Covid-19; and (2) Social support has a negative and significant effect on anxiety in facing Covid-19. It has a negative and significant effect, meaning that if social support increases, it will cause anxiety to face Covid-19 to decrease. The variable of anxiety facing Covid-19 is explained by the social support variable of 43.7%, while the remaining 56.3% is explained by other causes outside the model that were not studied..

 

Keywords: Social Support, Anxiety, Covid-19.
In Vitro and In Ovo Assessment of Betulinic Acid Antimelanoma Effect
Authors: Coricovac Dorina , Pînzaru Iulia , Avram Ștefana , Macașoi Ioana , Șoica Codruța , Dehelean Cristina
Published: February 2021

Although it recorded a breakthrough for the treatment of metastatic melanoma in the last decade, this disease remains a challenge in terms of finding an efficient treatment, reducing secondary resistance to treatment, and understanding the complexity of the molecular mechanisms involved in its development, progression and metastasis. This study aims to verify the multitarget effect of a natural compound, betulinic acid (BA), a pentacyclic triterpene, as antimelanoma agent by applying two experimental models: a human melanoma cell line—A375 and the chick chorioallantoic membrane model. The methods applied in this study were: MTT cell viability assay for cytotoxicity assessment and the chorioallantoic membrane assay (CAM) for antiangiogenic evaluation. The results indicated a significant decrease of A375 cells viability after a 72 h BA treatment even at the lowest concentration tested—1 µM (61.95% viable cells), with a calculated IC50 of 9.437 µM. In addition, BA inhibited not only the in ovo A375-induced tumor growth but also the angiogenesis on the primary site at 72 h post application. These data highlight the potential antimelanoma effect of BA by targeting the tumor cells via multiples pathways as inducing cell death and suppressing the angiogenic process, a must have for tumor development.
CELLULITE TREATMENT USING SUBCISION AND POLYMETHYL METHACRYLATE FILLING (GOLDINCISION®): CASE REPORT
Authors: Chacur Roberto , Menezes Honório Sampaio , Alves Danuza Dias , Chacur Nívea Maria Bordin da Silva , Bataiolli Renata D'Oliveira , Nardi Raíssa
Published: February 2021

Introduction: Cellulite is a multifactorial subcutaneous connective tissue disorder that compromises the structure of adipose tissue and can manifest in varying degrees. It causes both unsightly and health changes; thus, requiring specialist treatment.

Objective: This works aims at showing the effectiveness of treatments using subcision and polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) filling to treat and correct cellulite irregularities in grades three and four in the gluteal region.

Methodology: This is a retrospective study of patients who underwent two different techniques for the treatment of cellulite grades three and four. Four patients were subjected to treatment in the gluteal region to correct irregularities from cellulite in the most advanced grades, being used both the subcision and the PMMA filling techniques.

Report: Case report of four patients with follow-up treatment for cellulite grades three and four with subcision and polymethyl methacrylate filling.

Conclusion: Results were considered efficient due to satisfactorily correcting all cases of cellulite grades three and four.
SENSITIVITY AND SPECIFICITY OF MEDIAN NERVE ULTRASONOGRAPHY IN DIAGNOSIS OF CARPAL TUNNEL SYNDROME
Authors: Gnani Maripi , Naidu Sirisha , Madhavi Ch. , Kejriwal G.S.
Published: February 2021

Background: Although controversial, recent studies have demonstrated advantages of sonographic techniques in the diagnosis of carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS). The purpose of this study was to assess the utility of median nerve ultrasonography in the diagnosis of CTS in Indian patients.
Methods: Ninety patents with clinically suspected CTS were studied. Based on gold standard electromyography/nerve conduction ve-locity studies, wrists with CTS were divided into three groups on the basis of severity of CTS, ie, mild, moderate, and severe. In addition, both sides of the wrist were examined using sonography. Transverse images of the median nerve were obtained and median nerve cross-section areas were measured at three levels, ie, immediately proximal to the carpal tunnel inlet, at the carpal tunnel inlet, and at the carpal tunnel outlet. Furthermore, flexor retinaculum thickness was evaluated.
Results: The mean age of the studied patients was 48.52  12.17 years. Median values of the median nerve cross-section at the carpal tunnel in-let, carpal tunnel outlet, and proximal carpal tunnel significantly differed between the wrists with and without CTS (P < 0.05). Comparisons be-tween the CTS groups (mild, moderate, and severe) and non-CTS wrists demonstrated that the median cross-sections of median nerve at the carpal tunnel inlet, carpal tunnel outlet, and inlet proximal carpal tunnel were significantly greater in the severe CTS group than in the other three groups (P < 0.05). The results showed that the median nerve cross-section at the three levels of carpal tunnel could only fairly differentiate se-vere CTS from other cases.
Conclusion: The present study demonstrated that median nerve ultrasonography cannot replace the gold standard test (nerve conduction velocity) for the diagnosis of CTS because of low overall sensitivity and specificity, although it might provide useful information in some patients.
A REVIEW STUDY ON ORTHOGONAL FREQUENCY DIVISION MULTIPLEXING
Authors: Ghode Vishal , Gawande Suresh , Tiwari Satyarth
Published: February 2021

The advancement in the up-grading of technology and proliferation in data accessibility is changing the economics of digital communication; therefore, this enables the reexamining of the previous design and approach to network architectures. This research paper focused on advancements in technology in the past few years and concentrate on OFDM (Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing).
ROLE OF HYPERBILIRUBINEMIA, ELEVATED CREACTIVE PROTEIN AND LEUCOCYTE COUNT AS A PREDICTIVE FACTOR FOR APPENDICEAL PERFORATION IN ACUTE APPENDICITIS
Authors: Bhadauria Nagendra Singh , Kumar Pawan , Sharma Gunjan , Singh Amit
Published: February 2021

Background: Appendiceal perforation in patients with acute appendicitis may cause a variety of potentially life-threatening complications. Escherichia coli endotoxin has been shown to impact physiological bile flow in vivo. This had led to the theory that hyperbilirubinemia and elevated CRP in patients with appendicitis may have a predictive potential for the preoperative diagnosis of appendiceal perforation.
Objectives: The aim of this retrospective study was to investigate the diagnostic value of hyperbilirubinemia and elevated CRP as a preoperative laboratory marker for appendiceal perforation in patients with acute appendicitis. Thus a new marker for appendiceal perforation would be welcomed. Thus, the need for the study is to conclude whether the Serum Bilirubin or CRP can be considered as a new laboratory marker to aid in the diagnosis of Appendicular Perforation.
Materials and methods: All patients admitted with clinical diagnosis of "Acute Appendicitis" or "Appendicular Perforation" and undergoing surgery in General Surgery Dept in Tertiary Care Teaching Hospital were taken as Subjects for this study. The primary data for this study were the blood investigations of the patients. 200 patients with concerned consent and meeting the inclusion criteria were included in the study. The necessary clinical and lab details were obtained in a prewritten format. The intraoperative findings were noted and documented precisely. Upon completion of data collection the preoperative bilirubin levels of the perforated and uncomplicated groups wereOther clinical and lab parameters obtained during the study were compared between the two groups. All parameters were subjected to statistical analysis and evaluated critically.
Results: A total of 200 patients participated in the study. Of the 200 patients studied 132 patients were males and 68 patients were females. The youngest patient was 13 years old and the oldest 64 years. Among all the patients operated with a diagnosis of Acute Appendicitis 92 were found to have a perforated appendix, and 108 were found to have a non-perforated appendix. It was observed that among 92 patients with perforated appendix 86 patients showed a raised CRP levels and 58 patients had a raised Bilirubin levels. However in case of non-perforated cases it was found that among the 108 cases 82 patients had a raised CRP levels and 36 patients showed raised bilirubin levels.
Conclusion: Hence Logistic Regression technique revealed that the C- reactive protein and Hyperbilirubinemia can be used to predict the appendicular perforation preoperatively and that their roles are comparable and that there is no definitive advantage of one over the other for the same.
MENSTRUAL HYGIENE AND REPRODUCTIVE HEALTH KNOWLEGDE AMONG LATE ADOLESCENT GIRLS AT URBAN HEALTH TRAINING CENTRE IN UDAIPUR CITY,RAJASTHAN: A CROSS SECTIONAL STUDY
Authors: Fatima Anum , Kaushik Pratap Bhan
Published: February 2021

INTRODUCTION: INDIA HAS LARGEST ADOLESCENT POPULATION IN WORLD. ADOLESCENT IS CHARACTERIZED BY SIGNIFICANT PHYSIOLOGICAL AND PSYCHOLOGICAL CHANGES.OBJECTIVE: TO ASSESS KNOWLEDGE AND AWARENESS OF LATE-ADOLESCENT GIRLS REGARDING MENSTRUAL HYGIENE AND REPRODUCTIVE HEALTH INCLUDING CONTRACEPTION.METHODS: A CROSS SECTIONAL STUDY WAS CONDUCTED IN THE MONTH OF OCTOBER 2020 AMONG LATE-ADOLESCENT GIRLS WHO CAME TO OUTDOOR OF AN URBAN HEALTH TRAINING CENTRE, UDAIPUR.160 SUCH GIRLS WHO CAME WITH GUARDIAN AND GAVE CONSENT WERE INCLUDED.A PRETESTED, SEMI-STRUCTURED QUESTIONNAIRE WAS USED.DATA WAS ENTERED IN MS EXCEL2016 AND ANALYSED USING SPSS.RESULTS: AMONG 160 PARTICIPANTS, 43% BELONGED TO AGE GROUP 15-17 YEARS AND 57% TO 18-19 YEARS.5% WERE MARRIED, ALL WERE LITERATE.THE MAIN SOURCE OF INFORMATION FOR KNOWLEGDE ABOUT PUBERTY WERE TEACHERS(46.9%), ALTHOUGH THEY WISHED TO HAD KNOWLEDGE FROM DOCTORS(36.9%).THEY HAD GOOD KNOWLEDGE AND PRACTICES FOR MENSTRUAL HYGIENE.MOST OF THEM WERE FAMILIAR WITH HIV(79.4%) BUT LACKED INDEPTH KNOWLEDGE.MAJORITY DID NOT KNOW ABOUT ANY OTHER SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED DISEASES (67.5%).AMONG CONTRACEPTIVE METHODS, MAJORITY HAD KNOWLEDGE ABOUT CONDOMS (73%), AND LEAST ABOUT EMERGENCY CONTRACEPTIVE(26%).CONCLUSION: PARTICIPANTS HAD GOOD MENSTRUAL HABITS BUT LACK REPRODUCTIVE HEALTH KNOWLEDGE.ATTEMPTS TO INCREASE BASIC KNOWLEDGE ABOUT MENSTRUATION AND REPRODUCTIVE HEALTH THROUGH SCHOOL CURRICULUM OR COMPULSORY WORKSHOPS, COUNSELLING ,COMMUNITY AND PARENTERAL COMMUNICATION IS REQUIRED.
A STUDY TO VALIDATE RIPASA SCORE IN DIAGNOSIS OF ACUTE APPENDICITIS AMONG CLINICALLY SUSPECTED CASES.
Authors: Sarkar Sudhansu , Nandi Arpan
Published: February 2021

The aim of this study is to evaluate the validity of RIPASA score – a new scoring system for diagnosis of acute appendicitis – in our local population.The study was conducted from May 2019 to August 2020, for a period of 18 months in Bankura Sammilani Medical College and Hospital, Bankura. The study was conducted in a group of 87 patients who underwent appendicectomy in the Department of General surgery of this institution after satisfying inclusion and exclusion criteria. The study involved applying of RIPASA in all 87 patients and findings were correlated with that of intra-operative and HPE findings. RIPASA score had sensitivity of 96.6%, specificity of 72.4%, positive predictive value of 87.5% and negative predictive value of 91.3%.These findings have suggested that RIPASA score is a good diagnostic scoring system in predicting acute appendicitis when applied in our local population. In addition there has been prediction of significant reduction in the number of negative appendicectomies, which will lead to less morbidity to the patient and also help in reducing unnecessary expenditure of health resources.
PERAN ENTREPRENEURIAL COMMUNITY DAN DIGITAL ENTREPRENEURIAL ORIENTATION TERHADAP ENTREPRENEURAL PROCESS DALAM MENGHASILKAN ENTREPRENEURIAL PERFORMANCE
Authors: Nurjanah Siti , Wahyudi Triyono Arief
Published: February 2021

Purpose- This study aims to examine the role of the entrepreneurial community and digital entrepreneurial orientation towards the entrepreneurial process in producing entrepreneurial performance.

Design/methodology/approach- The quantitative research design was used through field research in Wonogiri District, Baturetno District, Watuagung Village, Sendang Hamlet. A total of 31 respondents were randomly selected through questionnaires.

Findings- The results of this study indicate that the entrepreneurial community does not affect the entrepreneurial process, digital entrepreneurial orientation influences the entrepreneurial process, entrepreneurial process influences entrepreneurial performance.

Implication- Related parties need to make efforts to improve entrepreneurial performance through mentoring members of the community in directing and developing their businesses; conduct interactive communication between management and members of the association; and forming SME groups in the context of operational and development cost efficiency (production training, managerial finance, marketing, and others)

Keywrods:  entrepreneurial community, digital entrepreneurial orientation, entrepreneurial process, entrepreneurial performance
Optically Steerable Phased Array Enabling Technology Based on Mesogenic Azobenzene Liquid Crystals for Starlink Towards 6G
Authors: Li Jinfeng
Published: February 2021

Published version is available on IEEE:

J. Li, "Optically Steerable Phased Array Enabling Technology Based on Mesogenic Azobenzene Liquid Crystals for Starlink Towards 6G," 2020 IEEE Asia-Pacific Microwave Conference (APMC), Hong Kong, Hong Kong, 2020, pp. 345-347, doi: 10.1109/APMC47863.2020.9331345.

Pioneering work:
J. Li, “All-optically Controlled Microwave Analog Phase Shifter with Insertion Losses Balancing,” Engineering Letters, vol. 28, no. 3, pp.663–667, 2020. Available at: http://www.engineeringletters.com/issues_v28/issue_3/EL_28_3_03.pdf
Low-SNR Asymptotics of Cross-Receiver Mutual Information in Gaussian Channels
Authors: Williamson Adam
Published: February 2021

In this paper, we analyze the low-SNR behavior of the cross-receiver mutual information (CMI) between two received signals corrupted by uncorrelated, additive Gaussian noise. This framework has use in distributed, passive sensor applications, such as passive radar and collaborative opportunistic navigation. For Gaussian and BPSK signaling, the CMI can be expressed in terms of the effective SNR between the receivers. On-off keying (OOK), while not optimal in terms of spectral efficiency for a single-receiver channel, is shown to have greater CMI than Gaussian or BPSK signaling. This is in spite of the fact that, given the same received SNRs, all three source distributions have the same linear correlation coefficient. This indicates that for OOK sources, effective SNR and correlation coefficient are not meaningful descriptors for passive receivers.

Full-length version of conference paper submission.
For a Fair(er) Global History
Authors: Ammermann Friedrich , Barrett Paul , Byrska Olga , Chazal Elisa , Evang Vigdis Andrea Baugstø , Hussey Eoghan Christopher , Domínguez Roberto Larrañaga , Martins Carlos Jorge , Mohamed Fartun , Mörsdorf Sven , Nugteren Bastiaan , Orinsky Anna , Orr Rebecca , Pantaleoni Cosimo , Riall Lucy , Riello Giorgio , Lopez Asensio Robles , Salamanca Rodríguez Alejandro , Shi Liu , Shimada Takuya , Simen Halit
Published: February 2021

This article is authored by a group of PhD researchers at the European University Institute (EUI) and two teachers as part of the PhD seminar in Global History held in the Fall of 2020 during the COVID-19 pandemic. We consider three topics: ‘The politics of global history’ thinking about global history as a form of activism; ‘Whose global history?’ considering issues of property and sharing; and ‘An open global history’ proposing a utopian future (for a troubled present). We believe that in order for global history to thrive, its practitioners need to be more inclusive and acknowledge imbalances of power across world areas, across genders, and across career stages.

Image Caption: Sekisui Nagakubo after Matteo Ricci, Sankai Yochi Zenzu (山海輿地全圖) (Naniwa, 1785). Library of Congress Geography and Map Division Washington, D.C.
The Pentecostal War Against Afro-Brazilian ‘Demons’ – Politics, Selfhood and Shared Experience of Spiritual Work in Southeast Brazil
Authors: Lundell Eleonora
Published: February 2021

This article discusses the religious conflict between Afro-Brazilian and Pentecostal groups shedding light on the complex relations between cross-religious experiences and the official acknowledgement of ‘religion’ in Brazil. The study analyses devotees and clients’ experiences in the rituals of Igreja Universal do Reino de Deus and Umbanda addressing fluid selfhoods and the multiple human and other-than-human agencies in the making of individual life trajectories through ritual participation. Thus, regarding religious conflict merely through bounded identities, institutions or dogma, the study shows that behind the fortifying religious conflict between Pentecostal and Afro-Brazilian religious groups relies a politically complex, colonially framed concept of ‘religion’ which leaves out of academic and political consideration a large part of effective ritual knowledge and agency, continuously re-producing the inferior position of ‘Afro-Brazilian religions’ within the Brazilian society. The analysis in this article is based on ethnographic field research carried out in Southeast Brazilian states of Rio de Janeiro and São Paulo during 2008-2015.
Cada jurema é uma jurema: Continuidade, rupturas e inovações em religiosidades no Brasil
Authors: Savoldi Robson , de Azeredo Grunewald Rodrigo
Published: February 2021

No Brasil, algumas plantas, bebidas e religiosidades são chamadas de jurema. Desde o período colonial, se registra o uso ritual da jurema entre indígenas do Nordeste do Brasil. Além disso, a jurema emerge com novas feições em uma religiosidade chamada catimbó, encadeada a partir daqueles ritos, e a qual foi alcançada pela umbanda em meados do século XX. A umbanda se reatualizou em contato com o catimbó, o qual garantiu um lugar para os juremeiros no seu interior ao ponto de encontrarmos na região uma religiosidade conhecida e praticada simplesmente como jurema. Em tais contextos, os fenômenos místicos são considerados relativos a forças misteriosas e elementos encantados. Contudo, cientes de que a jurema contém grande quantidade do alcaloide DMT, psiconautas no exterior do Brasil usaram esta planta misturada com outra oriunda do Oriente para elaborar uma bebida capaz de produzir significativos efeitos psicoativos. Chamada de juremahuasca, essa bebida passou a ser ritualizada no Brasil, onde ganhou contornos de religiosidades, inclusive institucionalizadas. Este artigo evoca essas correntes religiosas, sinalizando suas continuidades, rupturas e reformulações, mas focando mais enfaticamente na juremahuasca que faz parte religiosidades psiconáuticas enteogênicas próprias ao contexto de um misticismo alternativo no Brasil.
Yaô africano: the orixá in the voice of Patricio Teixeira
Authors: Moreira Vieira Caroline , Bahia Joana
Published: February 2021

Patricio Teixeira was an important voice in Brazilian music, particularly during the 1920s and 1930s. His career in radio broadcasting extended into the mid-1950s. Teixeira’s work gave visibility to black subjects and their cultural identities. This article analyzes the sacred elements that overflow into the musical and recreational universe of Rio through some of the songs recorded by Teixeira. With varied appropriations, these recordings of chants for orixá, Afro-Brazilian practices, and rituals mark the presence of the Afro-Brazilian sacred in Brazilian popular song.
Evangelical coaching: New Age elements in Brazilian Charismatic Christianity
Authors: Stern Fábio , Guerriero Silas
Published: February 2021

rom the 1990s on, the New Age ceased to be visible only among the exclusivist groups of salvific character, typical of the 1970s. Its values began to be disseminated among the broader culture through what was called the New Age ethos. This article seeks to show how these values are seen even among Brazilian Pentecostal Denominations. To this end, we adopt life coaching as an object. We briefly return to the history of life coaching and its relation to the New Age. We then explain how the spread of the New Age ethos into the broader society led to the incorporation of some of the New Age values and practices into even institutionalized forms of religion. Finally, we discuss how life coaching became incorporated into the plethora of religious goods also offered by Brazilian Charismatic Christians, and how Evangelical coaching maintains much of the religious logic of the New Age itself.
Isolation and Identification of Bacteria Responsible for the Spoilage of Fluted Pumpkin (Telfaria occidentalis) and Bitter Leaf (Vernonia amygdalina) in Sokoto Metropolis
Authors: A.S. Muhammad  , S.A.  Ani  , A.M. Nasiru
Published: February 2021

The research was conducted in 2016 at the Microbiology Laboratory in the Department of Microbiology in Usmanu Danfodiyo University Sokoto. The main objective was to isolate and identify those bacteria responsible for the spoilage of bitter leaf (Vernonia amygdalina) and fluted pumpkin (Telfairia occidentalis). This approach presented extracting these bacteria form the vegetables and then culture then on agar plates, colonies were formed and subcultures on different plates, pure cultures were obtained and cultured in slant bottles containing nutrient agar for identification through biochemical test bacterial utilization of substrates which include Triple sugar ion, Methyl red and Vogues prosturer test, starch hydrolysis, Indole, citrate, catalase, urease test and recorded. Gram stain was carried out to identify the gram reaction and viewed under microscope for cell morphology. Bacteria species of the stock culture were identified using Atlas Book of Bacteria using the biochemical test results and gram stain reactions, the bacteria isolated were identified as gram negative rod bacteria. Percentage distribution of occurrence showed that E. coli had had the highest frequency of occurrence with percentage distribution of 42.8% in bitter leaf, followed by Proteus mirabilis, and B. cereus both having 28.6% respectively. Proteus mirabilis had 50% in fluted pumpkin, Klebsiella 33.3%, E. coli 16.7%. From the result, it was concluded that E. coli and Proteus had the highest occurrence of bacterial contamination of spoilt bitter leaf and fluted pumpkin sold in Sokoto metropolis and recommended sensitization proper hygienic measure during post-harvest handling of these vegetables.

KEYWORDS: Isolation, Identification, Bacteria, Vegetables, Food Spoilage, Hygiene
IMPLEMENTASI KEBIJAKAN PEMERINTAH DESA TENTANG PEMBENTUKAN BADAN USAHA MILIK DESA DI DESA TANJUNGSARI KECAMATAN SUKALUYU KABUPATEN CIANJUR
Authors: Lestari Annisa Dwi , Kurnia Dadan , Setiawan Agustina
Published: February 2021

Penelitian ini membahas terkait dengan Implementasi Kebijakan Pemerintah Desa Tentang Pembentukan Badan Usaha Milik Desa Di Desa Tanjungsari Kecamatan Sukaluyu Kabupaten Cianjur. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mendeskripsikan dan menganalisis Implementasi Kebijakan Pemerintah Desa Tentang Pembentukan Badan Usaha Milik Desa, Di Desa. Tanjungsari Kecamatan Sukaluyu Kabupaten Cianjur. Metode penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini yaitu menggunakan metode deskriptif kualitatif yakni untuk memberikan gambaran secara jelas mengenai masalah yang diteliti. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Implementasi Kebijakan Pemerintah Desa Tentang Badan Usaha Milik Desa Di Desa Tanjungsari Kecamatan Sukaluyu Kabupaten Cianjur dapat dikatakan belum optimal. Hal tersebut dikarenakan antara lain (1) tujuan kebijakan tersebut bahwa BUMDes Desa Tanjungsari belum mampu memberdayakan seluruh masyarakat desa, (2) Pengurus BUMDes yang ada pada saat ini kurang dari segi kuantitas dan kualitas lalu cenderung sibuk dengan pekerjaannya masing-masing sehingga dalam mengimplementasikan kebijakan Pemerintah Desa tentang pembentukan badan usaha milik desa ini tidak diikuti dengan pengembangan jenis usaha yang baik, (3) Sumberdaya finansial yang tidak bisa mengembangkan seluruh jenis usaha, (4) Karakteristik dari agen pelaksana BUMdes berbeda-beda, (5) adanya sikap ketidaktegasan dan ketidakpatuhan dari para pelaksana kebijakan (6) kurangnya komunikasi antar Organisasi dan Aktivitas Pelaksana (7) lingkungan eksternal yang terdiri dari lingkungan politik, sosial dan ekonomi di desa tanjungsari berjalan dengan kondusif.

Kata Kunci: Implementasi Kebijakan, BUMDes
KEPEMIMPINAN KEPALA DESA DALAM MEWUJUDKAN DESA MANDIRI DI DESA BOJONGMALAKA KECAMATAN BALEENDAH KABUPATEN BANDUNG
Authors: Purnama Chintiya Citra , Kurnia Dadan , Siddha Arlan
Published: February 2021

The research entitled "Village Head Leadership in Creating Independent Villages in Bojongmalaka Village, Baleendah District, Bandung Regency" This research is motivated by looking at the condition of Bojongmalaka Village which was chosen as the best in Baleendah District, Bandung Regency so that this village will create an independent village.The research methodology used is descriptive research method with a qualitative approach, with the intention of focusing on the phenomena and problems that occur at the time the research was conducted. Data obtained from observations, documentation and interviews with key informants as primary data. Key informants were determined based on several criteria, at least 3 sources were used as research objects, namely the Village Head, Village Secretary, and the Head of the Village Consultative Body (BPD). The data is processed by means of data reduction, data categorization, synthesization and formulation of working hypotheses as the last step in the data compilation process.The results showed that the leadership of the village head in realizing an independent village in the village of Bojongmalaka, Baleendah District, Bandung Regency has been achieved well and optimally. However, the program being carried out is still in the process of turning the village into an independent village. The village head and village officials are working on the concept and program of the village in order to get maximum results so that this village can be said to be an independent village.

Keywords: leadership, village head, independent village
PERANAN PEMERINTAH DESA DALAM MENINGKATKAN PARTISIPASI MASYARAKAT DI BIDANG PEMBANGUNAN EKONOMI DI DESA RANCAPANGGUNG KECAMATAN CILILIN KABUPATEN BANDUNG BARAT
Authors: Nopiansyah Paisal , Setiawan Agustina , Kurnia Dadan
Published: February 2021

This research entitled "The role of Village Government in Increasing Public Participation in Economic Development Village Rancapanggung Cililin District West Bandung Regency". The problem in this research is not optimal the Village Head in monitoring the development of society so that it can cause the lack of society in participating in planning, execution, utilization and also supervision and evaluation of economic development in Rancapanggung Village. As well as, concerning the low level of public awareness and lack of socialization of agencies that will carry out development activities to the community resulting in lack of ownership of the results of development and lack of coordination between agencies. The purpose of this study is to describe and analyze the Role of Village Government in Increasing Public Participation in Village Economic Development. The research method used is descriptive qualitative. Data collection techniques conducted by researchers is to learn to study books as reference materials, field observations, and interviews. In sampling the researcher using technique Purposive Sampling. Informants in this research are Village Head, Village Community Empowerment Institution, and Community Leader. From the research results found that the role of village government in improving community participation in the field of village economic development is still not optimal. There are several weak points such as (1) lack of village heads in monitoring the development of the community, (2) lack of community in participating in planning, implementation, utilization and monitoring and evaluation of economic development in Rancapanggung Village, (3) lack of socialization from agencies that will carry out development activities to the community, (4) lack of ownership of the development result and lack of coordination between agencies.

Keywords: Role of Village Government, Community Participation, Development, Village Economy
LA « JUSTICE PRÉDICTIVE » À L’ÉPREUVE DU CONTENTIEUX DE LA DISCRIMINATION
Authors: SWEENEY MORGAN
Published: February 2021

L’algorithme est-il plus performant que l’Homme ? Les logiciels dénommés, avec un peu trop d’emphase, de « justice prédictive » permettent aux professionnels du droit d’effectuer une analyse et un traitement statistique des décisions de justice dans un contexte ou devant une juridiction donnée, de connaître le montant moyen alloué, etc. Ces informations peuvent par exemple servir un avocat dans le conseil prodigué à un client ou à un assureur pour évaluer le préjudice d’un assuré. Sans nul doute les applications de « justice prédictive » permettent de compulser et d’exploiter un très grand nombre de décisions de justice. Elles permettent en quelques secondes de donner une « photographie » raisonnée et ordonnée du contentieux sur toute la France, ce qui prendrait des années à un humain pour obtenir le même résultat.
Post-Soviet Russia in the “society of trauma” modality: critical aspects
Authors:   Dubna State University, Korol M.P.
Published: February 2021

The socio-cultural reality of modern Russia is considered through the lens of the complex of characteristics of the “society of trauma”. The search for ways to get out of the “society of trauma” leads to an understanding of the phenomenon of the social state, which is intended to regulate social distances, to find a balance of justice, shape a person’s space as worthy of life. This reveals the humanistic essence of the social state.
Lexeme finger in English phraseological units
Authors:   Dubna State University, Volkova S.B.
Published: February 2021

The English idioms with a lexeme “finger” are considered in the present article and their classification is suggested to make the process of their studying and memorizing more effective. The phraseological units with a component “finger”are analyzed taking into account the peculiarities of perception of this body part and its main functions prevailing in English culture. The author demonstrates how various associations connected with fingers have led to the appearance of so many diverse idioms.
English borrowings in a socio-political context and their meaning in Russian
Authors:   Dubna State University, Sokolova A.V. , Volkova S.B. ,   Dubna State University
Published: February 2021

English borrowings continue to penetrate actively into the Russian language. However, they are not always borrowed in all the meanings they have in the original language. Thus, the question of their usage in Russian is of great importance. The article presents a linguistic analysis of some words which are frequently used in a socio-political sphere: националист / nationalist, оккупант / occupant, сепаратист / separatist and террорист / terrorist. In each of these pairs, the Russian word was borrowed from the English language using calque. As a result, the conclusion had been drawn that such words may have different connotations in the language which is the source of borrowing and the recipient-language.