bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Alzheimer’s disease: Prevention Strategy
Authors:   Triam Udom Suksa School, Pathum Wan, Bangkok, Thailand 10330, Kitisripanya Bongkod
Published: July 2022

Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is one of the age-related infections which can develop to Dementia and nowadays both pervasiveness and rate of dementia rise considerably with propelling age Aβ plaques are commonly found in Alzheimer’s patients. neurofibrillary tangles are irregular growth of protein in the brain. Paul Block and George Mannesco believe that Aβ plaques exist, after they discovered circular buildup. AD is eventually caused by neuronal malfunction and death. Aβ cellulose bodies are considered to be less poisonous than Aβ oligomers. A union of blood pressure in adulthood will increase their risk of dementia and Alzheimer’s disease. In the research they found out that old people with 75+ years and the following period are having more risk of dementia and AD. BMI has a bifacial association with dementia and AD has several studies. Due to the uncertain pathophysiological mechanism of Alzheimer’s disease, it is crucial for selecting a precise target population, need for a large sample size, and high cost of the prevention research, it has been a main issue to conduct primary prevention trials. Commonly, healthy seniors are a primary target demographic. Non-pharmacological treatments are helping the patient by enhancing a protective lifestyle like doing physical exercise and a healthy diet. Biomarkers have a priority role to design which group will get in preventative trials, a higher risk of progression of dementia will cut down the studies, however it will decrease the general public’s ability to find the entire community. Primary prevention will evade illness and accomplice pathologies before they arise. Additionally, secondary prevention contains screening to detect disease in its early stages. Tertiary prevention is treating an illness to avoid complex injuries and disability. In a research study, the use of drugs, vitamins, or lifestyle treatments can prevent Alzheimer’s disease, according to the natural definition term the outcome can be a lot of different paths. The possibility of clinical research of AD prevention is full of obstacles.
Effect of Cadmium Nitrate on Acute Toxicity of Fish Channa Punctatus at 24 Hr. by Dragstedt and Behren’s Method
Authors:   Department of zoology and zooloy and fishery science, Dayanand Science college, Latur., Jadhav S. B.
Published: July 2022

This study was carried out on fish channa punctatus to investigate the lethal concentration of cadmium nitrate on fish channa punctatus at 24 hr. Experiment procedure was repeated five times at the selected cadmium nitrate concentrations, noting the number of fish killed. The mean value was taken. These values were taken to determine LC50 value for 24 hr. Toxicity of heavy metals it may be depends upon the dose and time of exposure period.
Prediction of Financial Distress on Properties and Real Estate in Indonesia
Authors:   Accounting Department of Musamus University, Merauke Papua, Septarini Dina Fitri
Published: July 2022

Financial distress is a stage of decline in financial conditions which occurred before the onset of bankruptcy. This study was conducted with the aim of knowing the effect of Operating Capacity, Sales Growth, and Debt to Equity Ratio in predicting Financial Distress in property and real estate companies on Indonesian Stock Exchange in 2018-2020. The research method which is used is quantitative research. The sampling technique used purposive sampling method, namely the selection of samples with criteria that have been determined by the researcher. The data used is secondary data in the form of financial statements of property and real estate companies listed on the Indonesian Stock Exchange for the 2018-2020 period. The companies selected as the research sample were 38 companies so that the total observations were 114 observations. Financial distress is included as dummy variable, and it is categorized as 1 (one) for companies which experiencing financial distress and 0 (zero) for companies which is not experiencing in financial distress. The result of this study shows that operating capacity sales growth and debt to equity ratio do not affect the company’s probability of experiencing financial distress.
Developing a multidisciplinary pathway for functional neurological disorders in a UK National Health Service: The Exeter model
Authors:   Devon Partnership NHS Trust, UK, Russell Leo , Butler Lisa ,   Exeter Neuro Rehabilitation Services, UK, Lovegrove Chris ,   Royal Devon University Healthcare NHS Foundation Trust, UK, Owens Colm ,   Devon Partnership NHS Trust, UK, Roberts Lisa ,   Royal Devon University Healthcare Trust, UK, Yates Phil ,   Devon Partnership NHS Trust, UK, Carrick Rachael ,   Devon Partnership NHS Trust, UK, Amoako Annika ,   Devon Partnership NHS Trust, UK, Price Chris ,   Royal Devon University NHS Trust, UK
Published: July 2022

Functional neurological disorders remain common presentations to both outpatient and inpatient NHS services, but little consensus exists with respect to how such services and clinical pathways for patients should be structured and should function. This article sets out a model for an integrated multidisciplinary approach that takes full account of the number of specialties involved, constraint on resources and time involved, and that has functioned well in the NHS despite a pandemic.
Detection of Cadmium Genotoxicity on Fatty Acids Desaturase-2 Genes in Safflower (Carthamus tinctorius)
Authors: BÖLÜKBAŞI Ekrem , ARAS Sumer
Published: July 2022

Environmental pollution negatively affects the life activities of the living things of the environment and causes structural damages on the all living and inanimate things. The extent of the damage caused by human-made pollution to nature and the environment is increasing day by day. Heavy metal pollution is one of the most important causes of environmental pollution. Cadmium, which is one of the most important pollutants, is a highly toxic metal and is not used by living things, even in trace amounts. Cadmium is also a very toxic heavy metal for plants. As with other heavy metals, it triggers oxidative stress by increasing the production of reactive oxygen species in plant cells, causing DNA damage and abnormalities in DNA and RNA production. Safflower is a very important oil plant with high economic value and intensive use as a raw material in many sectors. In this study, in experimental groups prepared at different cadmium concentrations, the negative/genotoxic effects of cadmium on the mRNA expression levels of the FAD2 (FAD2-6, FAD2-7, FAD2-11) genes, which is responsible for the conversion of oleic acid to linoleic acid in different safflower varieties (Balci, Bdyas-04, Linas and Asol) has been determined by quantitative Real-Time PCR method. As a result, it has been detected that the decrease firstly in the expression of FAD2 genes at increasing cadmium concentrations in all cultivars. And also, re-increase at 160 and 320 mg L-1 which can be considered as critical points, have been accepted as an indication that the defense mechanism against stress is activated and FAD2 genes play a role in the defense against stress. In conclusion, the obtained data showed that FAD2 genes in safflower cultivars not only in the conversion of fatty acids but also play a critical role in defense against cadmium heavy metal stress.
Needs and Fears: The Response to Trees and Nature in the Inner City
Authors: Talbot Janet , Kaplan Rachel
Published: July 2022

Interviews were conducted with 97 Detroit residents living in primarily Black low- and moderate-income areas, in order to assess the preferences of inner city residents for different types of natural areas. The participants rated 26 photographs for preference, and also answered questions about the particular elements that made certain outdoor areas especially liked or disliked, and about the importance they placed on their own opportunities to enjoy the natural environment. The results indicated that well-maintained areas incorporating built features were preferred over more untouched and densely wooded areas, which were often associated with fears of physical danger. The participants' responses also indicated that these residents placed a very high value on their opportunities to enjoy the outdoors. Few differences in preferences or in value perceptions were found when stratifying the sample according to demographic characteristics. The results emphasize the importance of appropriate management of urban forestry resources, and suggest that outdoor spaces should be planned for ease of visibility as well as for pleasing arrangements of natural features.
Homo faber. Arquitectura preindustrial del Rincón de Ademuz
Authors:   Universitat Politècnica de València, Mileto Camilla
Published: July 2022

Este libro, que ha recibido el 1er Premio Europeo de Intervención en el Patrimonio Arquitectónico AADIPA en su 1ª edición,está prologado por la escritora Elvira Lindo y el experto en arquitectura tradicional Paul Oliver. Recoge un estudio arquitectónico y etnológico de la arquitectura vernácula relacionada con la vida, las costumbres, la producción y la elaboración de materiales y alimentos en un pasado que parece lejano, pero no lo es. Múltiples fotografías, mapas de localización, un centenar de edificios dibujados y más de doscientas ilustraciones sobre los procesos acompañan al texto que describe esta arquitectura preindustrial fundamental para la vida de nuestros antepasados.
Comparación de metodologías de localización óptima de tanques de tormenta considerando Cambio Climático. Casos de estudio: Bogotá y Medellín, Colombia
Authors: Enríquez Laura , Pulgarín Laura , Garzón Jorge A. , Velásquez Danna , Saldarriaga Juan
Published: July 2022

La impermeabilización del suelo debida al crecimiento urbano implica un cambio en las condiciones hidrológicas locales; adicionalmente, se espera que el Cambio Climático genere un incremento en la frecuencia de periodos intensos de lluvia en algunas regiones. Para evitar sobrecargas en los sistemas de drenaje urbano se ha propuesto el uso de tanques de tormenta para el almacenamiento temporal de agua. De esta forma, el presente trabajo busca evaluar y comparar el desempeño de dos metodologías de localización óptima de tanques de tormenta bajo escenarios de precipitación que consideran los efectos del Cambio Climático en dos ciudades de Colombia. Las metodologías usadas fueron OptSU y OptiTank, donde la primera incluye un control hidráulico y la segunda no. Así, se verificó que ambos métodos lograron reducciones mayores al 60% en las inundaciones. Asimismo, se encontró que OptSU presenta mejor desempeño en redes de alta pendiente, mientras que OptiTank tiene buenos resultados para cualquier pendiente.
Quantitative supply chain segmentation model for dynamic alignment
Authors: Alves Ferreira Rafael , A. S. Santos Lucas , Espôsto Kleber F.
Published: July 2022

Companies deal with different customer groups, requirements differ among them, which makes it important to define the service level precisely and improve customer service through different supply chain strategies for each group. An alternative to deal with imprecision related to the segmentation processes suggested by either the Leagile or the Dynamic Alignment Schools is the application of fuzzy set theory. The objective of this work is to develop a quantitative model that uses the fuzzy set theory and, based on sales data, assess the company’s supply chain(s). The model's aim is to facilitate managers' decision-making processes to achieve the dynamic alignment. It was possible to identify the supply chains that serve the client groups evaluated, providing answers faster than the analysis proposed by the models found in the literature. The application in two real situations validated the model since the results obtained were consistent with the reality pointed out by the experts of the companies assessed. The model indicates possible actions for the realignment of the supply chain by their managers. Results obtained should improve practice, preparing managers to cope with the organizations` multiple supply chains. This study is the first one that aims to segment quantitatively supply chains on a company applying fuzzy set theory, providing a novel approach to align operations and supply chain strategy dynamically.
Evaluation of supply chain risks by fuzzy DEMATEL method: a case study of iron and steel industry in Turkey
Authors: Üstündağ Asuman , Çıkmak Sinan , Çankaya Eyiol Merve , Ungan Mustafa Cahit
Published: July 2022

Business practices to strengthen competitiveness increase the vulnerability of supply chains to risks. Risks that can adversely affect the effectiveness and efficiency of supply chain activities are events that disrupt the flow of information, materials, money, and products. Therefore, supply chain risk management is vital for companies. It is necessary to identify the risks that threaten the supply chain and prioritize them. In addition, examining the effects of risks on each other will determine the success of supply chain risk management. This study evaluates Turkey’s leading iron and steel company’s supply chain risk groups and sub-risks. The fuzzy DEMATEL method was used to determine the relative importance of the risks and the effects of the risks on each other. Results show that the most critical risk group is business risks. Business risk is followed by customer risks, supplier risks, transportation risks, environmental risks, and, finally, security risks. This study provides originality by evaluating the supply chain risks from a broader perspective.
Implementation of a warning system against engine overheating in vehicles with multipoint injection
Authors: Paredes Cristian , Guayllas Pablo , Méndez Ricardo , Pozo Alexander
Published: July 2022

The temperature in a vehicle is a fundamental factor for its correct operation. When a failure occurs in the original temperature sensor, irreversible damage to engine components can occur due to overheating. In the present work, an auxiliary temperature system is implemented that alerts the driver before an eventual overheating of the engine by means of sound, visual and vibratory signals. The system compares the data provided by an LM35 temperature sensor and a Hall effect sensor in charge of counting the RPM in real time, using an Arduino, continuously processing the data and constantly informing the driver via an LCD screen. When a critical temperature is exceeded, an audible alarm will sound and a vehicle injector will be disabled. The system does not turn off the engine and is efficient in its purpose of alerting the driver, being suitable to implement in vehicles with multipoint injection due to its low cost of implementation.
Sustainable forest management: analysis of eco-innovation process in Amazon
Authors: Coelho Moises Andrade
Published: July 2022

Evaluation of eco-innovation practices in companies has been widely studied, however, there is a gap in the literature on the adoption of eco-innovative practices in companies located in the Amazon/Brazil. Therefore, the objective of this research is to analyze the eco-innovation process in an industry located in the Amazon related to sustainable forest management. The purpose of the research was to conduct an exploratory case study (in-depth case) in a logging company located in the Amazon/Brazil. The relevance of the study lies in the process of making the eco-innovations developed by the company clearer and being able to compare them with the existing literature through a form that allows the evaluation of eco-innovative activities within an organization.
Políticas públicas de gênero no brasil: até que ponto vale a pena punir?
Authors: Fernandez Brena Paula Magno , Bohn Liana
Published: July 2022

O objetivo deste artigo é, utilizando os instrumentais analíticos da economia feminista e da teoria dos jogos, analisar projetos de lei aos moldes do PLC 130/11. A originalidade do trabalho consiste em discutir os prós e os contras de políticas públicas de caráter punitivo no combate à discriminação por gênero no mercado de trabalho, bem como a eficácia e os limites da aplicabilidade prática de tais medidas com base na análise dos três cenários modelados sob a forma de jogos. Conclui-se que proposição de políticas públicas sem que efetivamente se debatam quais são os seus impactos e/ou quais seriam os caminhos mais adequados à promoção da equidade de gêneros é um equívoco que pode gerar efeitos sociais ainda mais nefastos do que aqueles que são atualmente vivenciados pelas mulheres.
Education Character Perspective of K.H Hasyim and Hafidz Hasan Al-Mas’udi
Authors: Bahri Moh Saiful , Mispani Mispani , Tukiran Tukiran
Published: July 2022

Karakter pendidik menurut K.H. Hayim Asy’ari sebagai guru adalah sebagai berikut; ihsan, taqwa, sakinah, wara’, tawadlu’, khusyu’, tawakal, tidak memuliakan para penghamba dunia, zuhud, memilih pekerjaan yang baik, menghindari tempat timbulnya prasangka buruk orang terhadapnya, istikomah, melestarikan sunnah, membasmi bid’ah, dan perhatian terhadap masalah agama kemaslahatan umat, menghiasi perbuatan dan pekerjaan dengan kesunnahan, berbudi pekerti yang baik, membersihkan jiwa dan raga dari akhlak yang tercela, antusias dalam menambah ilmu dan bersunggung-sungguh serta rajin membaca, belajar, mengulang-ulang ilmu, memberi komentar kitab, menghafal, berdiskusi, dan mengajarkan ilmu, bertanya sesuatu yang tidak diketahui, sibuk dalam mengarang, meringkas, dan menyusun. Sedangkan dalam mengajar beberapa bentuk karakternya adalah selalu bersuci, memakai wewangian, dan pakaian terbaik, duduk di tempat yang terlihat oleh para hadirin, sebelum memulai pelajaran membaca Al-Qur’an, mendahulukan pelajaran yang lebih mulia dan penting, memperhatikan suara saat mengajar, memilih tempat mengajar yang kondusif. Karakter pendidik terhadap murid yaitu bertujuan mendapat ridha Allah, menyebarkan ilmu, menghidupkan syari’at Islam, melanggengkan munculnya kebenaran dan terpendamnya kebatilan, menghindari sikap tidak mau mengajar murid yang tidak tulus niatnya, mendekatkan murid dengan sesuatu yang terpuji, metode terbaik, bahasa yang baik, semangat mengajar, meminta murid mengulang hafalan, bersikap ramah, merawat interaksi belajar, menjaga konsentrasi pikiran murid. Karakter pendidik menurut Hafidz Hasan Al-Mas’udi yaitu; Pendidik haruslah memiliki sifat terpuji dan mulia, bertakwa, rendah hati, ramah tamah, bijaksana, sopan santun, memiliki rasa kasih sayang, lemah lembut, hendaklah guru mengajarkan masalah yang sesuai dengan kemampuan murid.

Keywords: Education Character, Pendidikan Hafidz Hasan Al-Mas’udi, Pendidikan K.H. Hayim Asy’ari
Comparison of the Performances of OECD Countries in the Perspective of Socio-Economic Global Indices: CRITIC-Based Cocoso Method
Authors: ACAR Eylem
Published: July 2022

Today, it has become a necessity for countries to adapt to the globalized and changing world in all areas. Developed countries, in particular, have realized the need for change and have updated their management philosophies based on performance measurement and effective/efficient use of resources. Therefore, countries that want to keep up with change, like developed countries, should monitor their performance in various areas and place in the world using various indicators. Global indices are one of the most important indicators that allow countries to compare their performance with other countries and identify their global weaknesses/strengths in many areas. In this study, using the CRITIC-based CoCoSo method, the performances of OECD countries between 2015 and 2019 were compared within the context of socio-economic global indices. First, weights for indices were determined in the study using the CRITIC method. According to the CRITIC method's findings, the GINI index has the most weight for all years. Subsequently, the performances of OECD countries were compared in the context of the global indices with the CoCoSo method using the weights determined according to the CRITIC method. The analysis showed that the best-performing country between 2015 and 2019 was Denmark and the worst-performing country was Mexico.
Sociologji Orientaliste: Koncepti i W. M. Watt-it për Historinë dhe Fenë
Authors: Pajaziti Ali
Published: July 2022

William Montgomery Watt-i (1909-2006), një historian skocez, orientalist i mirënjohur globalisht që ka ushtruar edhe detyrën e kryetarit të Shoqatës Angleze për Orientalistikë, ka bërë një punë të çmuar me analizat e tij të historisë dhe filozofisë sociale të Islamit, por edhe me diskursin sociologjik që ka përdorur në interpretimin e kësaj feje botërore. Ka studiuar në një mënyrë themelore Islamin dhe shoqëritë muslimane, marrëdhëniet muslimano-të krishtera, autor i njëzetenëntë librave dhe shumë artikujve, në të cilët shpreh vizionin dhe profilin e vet shkencor, ndër to edhe “Islam and the Integration of Society” (Islami dhe integrimi i shoqërisë, 1961) dhe “Religious Truth for Our Time” (E vërteta fetare për kohët tona, 1995). Ai është një nga ekspertët më të mëdhenj perëndimorë lidhur me Islamin; për të zbërthyer Lindjen, zhvillimin dhe pasqyrimet historike të Islamit, shfrytëzon disiplina të ndryshme si historia, teologjia, politika dhe sociologjia. Watt-i, në kuadër të logos-it shkencor perëndimor, është një nga shkencëtarët që në përgjithësi e pikturon Islamin me “ngjyra objektive”. Përveç qasjes rreth të kaluarës, ai arrin deri në ditët e sotme të Islamit, duke trajtuar marrëdhëniet e ngushta mes besimit fetar dhe doktrinave politike. Veprat e tij përfaqësojnë një shqyrtim të qartë dhe të gjerë të strukturës politike dhe fetare të ndërtuar nga Profeti dhe pasuesit e tij, të dimensionit politik të Islamit në botën bashkëkohore.Në këtë studim, ku janë shfrytëzuar metoda e dokumentacionit, ajo deskriptive, historike, komparative, analiza diskurzive dhe të tjera, flitet për filozofinë sociale të Watt-it, për konceptin e tij për historinë dhe fenë, për historinë e shenjtë, historinë laike, fundin e historisë etjç
Hasanaginica Adlı Boşnak Baladı Okumalarında Kısıtlama ve Teşvik Unsuru Olarak Kültür, Toplumsal Cinsiyet ve Edebî Tür
Authors: Spahić Vedad , Kunić Mirsad , Turanović Mirsad
Published: July 2022

Makalenin ilk bölümünde, Sevgili karısı ise hayâsı yüzünden gelememişti şeklindeki anahtar mısraya odaklanarak Hasanaginica baladının okumalarındaki kültürel kısıtlamalar ve teşvikler irdelenmektedir. Baladın ana kahramanının, sonraki olayların aslî motivasyonu ve trajedideki trajik suçla kıyaslanabilecek devindirici güç işlevi gören hayâsının mahiyetine ilişkin en önemli görüşler ele alınmıştır. Akabinde yazarlar, baladın alımlama kuramı, feminizm, toplumsal cinsiyet kuramı ile sosyo-kültürel okuma imkânlarını ve ulaştığı sonuçları gözden geçirdikten sonra edebî türün, baladın anlam katmanlarının anlaşılmasındaki rolüne dikkat çekmişlerdir
Low Labor Cost as a Determinant of Foreign Direct Investments in Albania, Kosovo and North Macedonia
Authors: Rexha Donjetë E.
Published: July 2022

Expanding activities abroad to exploit existing advantages, to seek economies of scale or to finalize a production phase in an economy other than that of the home country is common for multinational enterprises (MNE), whilst seeking new locations where higher intensity of labor is required is a characteristic especially for the vertical foreign direct investment (FDI) and export-oriented firms. Low labor cost is considered one of the primary comparative advantages for the countries of South-Eastern Europe in terms of attracting FDI. Our paper contributes to the literature by examining how low labor cost impacts the level of FDI inflows in three countries of Western Balkans: Kosovo, Albania and North Macedonia. Our analysis reveals that low labor cost is not positively related and significant in these countries with regard to the attraction of FDI inflows
Understanding the cellular pathogenesis of COVID-19 symptoms using organoid technology
Authors: Che Young Hyun , Kim Yong Jun
Published: July 2022

Patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), which has recently caused a pandemic, have reported symptoms of coronavirus infection that are not well understood by the medical community in general. After severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection, several symptoms, including acute clinical signs and possible sequelae, manifest in multiple organs. It is necessary to precisely identify the cells susceptible to SARS-CoV-2 infection in order to comprehend the mechanism of symptom occurrence, identify molecular targets for therapeutic development, and prevent current or future threats. Following the use of cell lines, animal models, and stem cell-derived symptom-relevant cells, recent research on the pathophysiology of human diseases has utilized organoid models. This article provides a summary of recent research on the tissue- or organ-specific cellular targets of SARS-CoV-2 aiming to understand the pathophysiology of COVID-19.
Febrero-marzo-abril
Authors: El Editor
Published: July 2022

No hay resúmenes disponibles.

ECA Estudios Centroamericanos, Vol. 49, No. 545-546, 1994: 321-334.
Survival probability of atmospheric new particles: closure between theory and measurements from 1.4 to 100 nm
Authors: Cai Runlong , Deng Chenjuan , Stolzenburg Dominik , Li Chenxi , Guo Junchen , Kerminen Veli-Matti , Jiang Jingkun , Kulmala Markku , Kangasluoma Juha
Published: July 2022

Abstract. The survival probability of freshly nucleated particles governs the influences of new particle formation (NPF) on atmospheric environments and the climate. It characterizes the probability of a particle to avoid being scavenged by the coagulation with pre-existing particles and other scavenging processes before the particle successfully grows up to a certain diameter. Despite its importance, measuring the survival probability has been challenging, which limits the knowledge of particle survival in the atmosphere and results in large uncertainties in predicting the influences of NPF. Here we report the proper methods to retrieve particle survival probability of the measured aerosol size distributions at different particle sizes. Using diverse aerosol size distributions from urban Beijing, the Finnish boreal forest, a chamber experiment, and aerosol kinetic simulations, we demonstrate that each method is valid for a different type of aerosol size distributions whereas misapplying the conventional methods to banana-type NPF events may underestimate the survival probability. Using these methods, we investigate the consistency between the measured survival probability of new particles and the theoretical survival probability against coagulation scavenging predicted using the measured growth rate and coagulation sink. With case-by-case and time- and size-resolved analysis of long-term measurement data from urban Beijing, we find that although both the measured and theoretical survival probabilities are sensitive to uncertainties and variations, they are, on average, consistent with each other for new particles growing from 1.4 nm (the cluster size) to 100 nm.
Measurement report: An exploratory study of fluorescence and cloud condensation nuclei activity of urban aerosols in San Juan, Puerto Rico
Authors: Sarangi Bighnaraj , Baumgardner Darrel , Bolaños-Rosero Benjamin , Mayol-Bracero Olga L.
Published: July 2022

Abstract. Many atmospheric aerosols are cloud condensation nuclei (CCN), capable of
activating as cloud droplets when the relative humidity exceeds 100 %.
Some primary biological aerosol particles (PBAPs), such as plant spores,
pollen, or bacteria, have been identified as such CCN. Urban environments
are a source of these bioaerosols, some of which are naturally produced by the
local flora or are transported from surrounding regions and others of which
are a result of human activities. In the latter case, open sewage, uncovered
garbage, mold or other products of such activities can be a source of PBAPs.
There have been relatively few studies, especially in the tropics, where
PBAPs and CCN have been simultaneously studied to establish a causal link
between the two. The metropolis of San Juan, Puerto Rico, is one such urban
area with a population of 2 448 000 people (as of 2020). To better
understand the fluorescent characteristics and cloud-forming efficiency of
aerosols in this region, measurements with a wideband integrated bioaerosol
spectrometer (WIBS), a condensation nuclei (CN) counter and a CCN
spectrometer were made at the University of Puerto Rico – Río Piedras
Campus. Results show that the CCN / CN activation ratio and the fraction of
fluorescing aerosol particles (FAPs) have repetitive daily trends when the
FAP fraction is positively correlated with relative humidity and negatively
correlated with wind speed, consistent with previous studies of fungi spores
collected on substrates. The results from this pilot study highlight the capabilities of
ultraviolet-induced fluorescence (UV-IF) measurements for characterizing the
properties of FAPs as they relate to the daily evolution of PBAPs. The use of
multiple excitation and emission wavelengths, along with shape detection,
allows the differentiation of different PBAP types. These measurements,
evaluated with respect to previous, substrate-based analysis of the local
fungal and pollen spores, have established a preliminary database of
measurements that future, longer-term studies will build upon.
Aridec: an open database of litter mass loss from aridlands worldwide with recommendations on suitable model applications
Authors: Sarquis Agustín , Siebenhart Ignacio Andrés , Austin Amy Theresa , Sierra Carlos A.
Published: July 2022

Abstract. Plant litter decomposition in terrestrial ecosystems involves the
physical and chemical breakdown of organic matter. Development of databases
is a promising tool for achieving a predictive understanding of organic
matter degradation at regional and global scales. In this paper, we present
aridec, a comprehensive open database containing litter mass loss data from
aridlands across the world. We describe in detail the structure of the
database and discuss general patterns in the data. Then, we explore what are
the most appropriate model structures to integrate with data on litter
decomposition from the database by conducting a collinearity analysis. The
database includes 184 entries from aridlands across the world, representing
a wide range of climates. For the majority of the data gathered in aridec, it is
possible to fit models of litter decomposition that consider initial organic
matter as a homogenous reservoir (one pool models), as well as models with
two distinct types of organic compounds that decompose at different speeds
(two pool models). Moreover, these two carbon pools can either decompose
without interaction (parallel models) or with matter transfer from a labile
pool to a slowly decomposing pool after transformation (series models).
Although most entries in the database can be used to fit these models, we
suggest that potential users of this database test identifiability for each
individual case as well as the number of degrees of freedom. Other model
applications that are not discussed in this publication might also be
suitable for use with this database. Lastly, we give some recommendations
for future decomposition studies to be potentially added to this database.
The extent of the information included in aridec in addition to its open-science
approach makes it a great platform for future collaborative efforts in the
field of aridland biogeochemistry. The aridec version 1.0.2 is archived and
publicly available at https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6600345
(Sarquis et al., 2022), and the database is managed under
a version-controlled system and centrally stored in GitHub
(https://github.com/AgustinSarquis/aridec, last access: 31 May 2022).
Assessment of the Paris urban heat island in ERA5 and offline SURFEX-TEB (v8.1) simulations using the METEOSAT land surface temperature product
Authors: Nogueira Miguel , Hurduc Alexandra , Ermida Sofia , Lima Daniela C. A. , Soares Pedro M. M. , Johannsen Frederico , Dutra Emanuel
Published: July 2022

Abstract. Cities concentrate people, wealth, emissions, and infrastructure, thus representing a challenge and an opportunity for
climate change mitigation and adaptation. This urgently demands for accurate urban climate projections to help organizations and individuals to make climate-smart decisions. However, most of the large ensembles of global and regional climate model simulations do not include sophisticated urban parameterizations (e.g., EURO-CORDEX; CMIP5/6). Here, we explore this
shortcoming in ERA5 (the latest generation reanalysis from the European
Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts) and in a simulation with the
SURFEX (Surface Externalisée) land surface model employing the widely used bulk bare rock approach. The city of Paris is considered as a case study. Subsequently, we apply a more complex urban scheme – SURFEX coupled to the Town Energy Balance (TEB) urban canopy model to assess its benefits on characterizing the Paris urban climate. Both simulations and ERA5 were compared to the LSA SAF (Satellite Application Facility on Land Surface Analysis) land surface
temperature product to evaluate the simulation of Parisian surface urban
heat island (SUHI). Our results show a significant added value of SURFEX-TEB in reproducing the SUHI during the daytime and the UHI during both the daytime and nighttime (with overall reductions in the bias and root mean square error and improvements in the representation of the statistics of the SUHI/UHI displayed by the Perkins skill score or S score). The improvement in the simulated SUHI is lower during the nighttime due to the lack of land–atmosphere feedbacks in the proposed offline framework. Nonetheless, the offline SURFEX-TEB framework applied here clearly demonstrates the added value of using more comprehensive parameterization schemes to simulate the urban climate and, therefore, allowing the improvement of urban climate projections.
High-resolution satellite products improve hydrological modeling in northern Italy
Authors: Alfieri Lorenzo , Avanzi Francesco , Delogu Fabio , Gabellani Simone , Bruno Giulia , Campo Lorenzo , Libertino Andrea , Massari Christian , Tarpanelli Angelica , Rains Dominik , Miralles Diego G. , Quast Raphael , Vreugdenhil Mariette , Wu Huan , Brocca Luca
Published: July 2022

Abstract. Satellite-based Earth observations (EO) are an accurate and
reliable data source for atmospheric and environmental science. Their
increasing spatial and temporal resolutions, as well as the seamless
availability over ungauged regions, make them appealing for hydrological
modeling. This work shows recent advances in the use of high-resolution
satellite-based EO data in hydrological modeling. In a set of six
experiments, the distributed hydrological model Continuum is set up for the
Po River basin (Italy) and forced, in turn, by satellite precipitation and
evaporation, while satellite-derived soil moisture (SM) and snow depths are
ingested into the model structure through a data-assimilation scheme.
Further, satellite-based estimates of precipitation, evaporation, and river
discharge are used for hydrological model calibration, and results are
compared with those based on ground observations. Despite the high density
of conventional ground measurements and the strong human influence in the
focus region, all satellite products show strong potential for operational
hydrological applications, with skillful estimates of river discharge
throughout the model domain. Satellite-based evaporation and snow depths
marginally improve (by 2 % and 4 %) the mean Kling–Gupta efficiency
(KGE) at 27 river gauges, compared to a baseline simulation
(KGEmean= 0.51) forced by high-quality conventional data. Precipitation
has the largest impact on the model output, though the satellite data on
average shows poorer skills compared to conventional data. Interestingly, a
model calibration heavily relying on satellite data, as opposed to
conventional data, provides a skillful reconstruction of river discharges,
paving the way to fully satellite-driven hydrological applications.
Magnetic expression in kerogen reveals impact on fluid transport
Authors: Nicot Benjamin , Korb Jean-Pierre , Jolivet Isabelle , Vezin Hervé , Gourier Didier , Rollet Anne-Laure
Published: July 2022

Abstract. How can the transport of fluids in a confined and complex
mixed organic/inorganic matrix be far below the expected value from a
topological aspect? A good example of this situation is oil shales. Oil and
gas shales are source rocks in which organic matter has matured to form
hydrocarbons. They exhibit a dual porous network formed by the intertwining
of mineral and organic pores that leads to very low permeability. Still, the exact origin of this extremely low permeability remains somehow unclear. The present communication addresses this important question and provides novel insights on the mechanisms that strongly hinder fluid diffusion in such materials. By combining nuclear and electronic magnetic resonance techniques with SEM imaging, we show evidence that magnetic interaction occurs in kerogen. This results from a magnetic coupling between vanadyl present in porphyrins and the organic matrix. We demonstrate that such coupling retards
fluid diffusion and is reversible. This key dynamical feature explains the
extremely low mobility of oil in shale rocks. This phenomenon may be a more
general feature occurring in several systems where fluids are confined in a
complex hierarchical matrix that embeds both organic and inorganic radicals
resulting from the aging process.
An open Soil Structure Library based on X-ray CT data
Authors: Weller Ulrich , Albrecht Lukas , Schlüter Steffen , Vogel Hans-Jörg
Published: July 2022

Abstract. Soil structure in terms of the spatial arrangement of pores and solids is highly relevant for most physical and biochemical processes in soil. While this was known for a long time, a scientific approach to quantify soil structural characteristics was also missing for a long time. This was due to its buried nature but also due to the three-dimensional complexity. During the last two decades, tools to acquire full 3D images of undisturbed soil became more and more available and a number of powerful software tools were developed to reduce the complexity to a set of meaningful numbers. However, the standardization of soil structure analysis for a better comparability of the results is not well developed and the accessibility of required computing facilities and software is still limited. At this stage, we introduce an open-access Soil Structure Library (https://structurelib.ufz.de/, last access: 22 July 2022) which offers well-defined soil structure analyses for X-ray CT (computed tomography) data sets uploaded by interested scientists. At the same time, the aim of this library is to serve as an open data source for real pore structures as developed in a wide spectrum of different soil types under different site conditions all over the globe, by making accessible the uploaded binarized 3D images. By combining pore structure metrics with essential soil information requested during upload (e.g., bulk density, texture, organic carbon content), this Soil Structure Library can be harnessed towards data mining and development of soil-structure-based pedotransfer functions. In this paper, we describe the architecture of the Soil Structure Library and the provided metrics. This is complemented by an example of how the database can be used to address new research questions.
The tropical route of quasi-biennial oscillation (QBO) teleconnections in a climate model
Authors: García-Franco Jorge L. , Gray Lesley J. , Osprey Scott , Chadwick Robin , Martin Zane
Published: July 2022

Abstract. The influence of the quasi-biennial oscillation (QBO) on tropical climate is demonstrated using 500-year pre-industrial control simulations from the Met Office Hadley Centre model.
Robust precipitation responses to the phase of the QBO are diagnosed in the model, which show zonally asymmetric patterns that resemble the El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO) impacts. These patterns are found because the frequency of ENSO events for each QBO phase is significantly different in these simulations, with more El Niño events found under the westerly phase of the QBO (QBOW) and more La Niña events for the easterly phase (QBOE). The QBO–ENSO relationship is non-stationary and subject to decadal variability in both models and observations. In addition, regression analysis shows that there is a QBO signal in precipitation that is independent of ENSO.
No evidence is found to suggest that these QBO–ENSO relationships are caused by ENSO modulating the QBO in the simulations.
A relationship between the QBO and a dipole of precipitation in the Indian Ocean is also found in models and observations in boreal fall, characterised by a wetter western Indian Ocean and drier conditions in the eastern part for QBOW and the opposite under QBOE conditions.
The Walker circulation is significantly weaker during QBOW compared to QBOE, which could explain the observed and simulated zonally asymmetric precipitation responses at equatorial latitudes, as well as the more frequent El Niño events during QBOW. Further work, including targeted model experiments, is required to better understand the mechanisms causing these relationships between the QBO and tropical convection.
Determinant factor structure of sexual abortive surfer
Authors: García Lirios Cruz
Published: July 2022

The exploration of the determinant factor structure of abortive sexuality is the aim of this work. A non-experimental study was carried out with a non-probabilistic selection of 215 students from a public university, considering their participation in sexuality workshops, internships and professional service. Ac transferability, selectivity, compatibility, responsibility, entrepreneurship and innovation whose composition explained 80% of the total variance, but the research design merely finds the stage of research, suggesting the inclusion: a structure of six factors observed of other factors that the literature identifies as pathologies: Stalking, Trolling, Stashing and Bullying.
Una lucha diaria: análisis de la participación de las jóvenes universitarias en el Día de la Mujer
Authors: Simón-Astudillo Iris
Published: July 2022

Este trabajo tiene como objetivo estudiar el activismo que practican las jóvenes universitarias durante el 8M y descubrir si esta nueva ola sigue la estela offline de las generaciones anteriores o si ha abierto el abanico de posibilidades que brindan las nuevas tecnologías. La importancia de definir cómo afecta Internet a los movimientos sociales es vital para los repertorios de acción actuales. Esta investigación trata además de aportar nuevos datos empíricos al debate sobre el denominado slacktivismo o activismo de sofá, para lo que realiza un método mixto de encuesta y grupos de discusión. Así, se concluye que las estudiantes realizan un repertorio de acción híbrido en torno al feminismo durante todo el año, además de que aprueban las prácticas slacktivistas para la inclusión de más personas en el movimiento.
El diario de Hirohachi (1866-1869): el primer registro historiográfico de una visita japonesa a España
Authors: Taranco David
Published: July 2022

El objetivo del presente estudio es dar a conocer en el ámbito hispanohablante El diario de Hirohachi, un dietario de viaje que Hirohachi Takano, como supervisor de la Compañía Imperial Japonesa, fue redactando a lo largo de la gira mundial de dicha agrupación circense, entre finales de 1866 y principios de 1869. El recuento que hace Hirohachi de la estancia del grupo en la península ibérica, en 1868, puede considerarse el primer registro escrito de una visita japonesa a España después del periodo de aislamiento de Japón o sakoku. Este hecho pone de manifiesto por sí solo el valor historiográfico del texto, así como la relevancia y la pertinencia de su traducción. Esta está basada en las ediciones de 1977 y 2005, que a su vez reproducen con fidelidad el diario tal como fue hallado en 1975.
Lugares antiguos, lugares modernos. El papel del género meisho-e en la configuración de la identidad nacional japonesa a través del estudio de caso de la serie Souvenir de Ilustraciones de Lugares Famosos de Keihan (1895)
Authors: Valera-Paterna Salvador
Published: July 2022

En este artículo estudiaremos el papel del género meisho-e en la estampa del período Meiji como un instrumento de configuración y transmisión de imágenes visuales sobre la identidad nacional japonesa. Para ello, acudiremos al estudio de caso de la serie de litografías ‘Souvenir de Ilustraciones de Lugares Famosos de Keihan’ ( Keihan miyage meisho zuga) (1895), de Hayashi Motoharu (1858-1903), en el contexto de la Cuarta Exposición Nacional de Industria (1895). Esta serie ofreció un conjunto de ilustraciones sobre ‘lugares famosos’ (meisho) de Kioto y Osaka, cargados de referencias y significados que reivindicaban estos escenarios como símbolos de la modernidad y la tradición de Japón, así como de sus respectivas regiones. Gracias a su coste asequible y su fácil difusión, la serie contribuyó a promocionar entre el público una imagen de Japón y sus regiones a través de paisajes culturales, y a fijarla, así, en la memoria colectiva.
Adaptaciones metodológicas en Estudios Japoneses. Una perspectiva nacional e internacional
Authors: López-Aranguren Juan Luis
Published: July 2022

A la hora de diseñar e implementar una investigación en Estudios Japoneses, puede ser necesario adoptar cambios en la metodología que se va a emplear para adaptar las herramientas investigadoras a las particularidades de la sociedad, la política y el sistema legal de Japón. Este artículo realiza una reaproximación al estudio de caso del proyecto de investigación postdoctoral realizado por el autor bajo la Japanese Studies Japan Foundation Fellow 2016/2017 “Communication, Democracy and Policy-Making in Japan” para identificar, describir y analizar las adaptaciones metodológicas que pueden ser necesarias a la hora de abordar una investigación sobre la sociedad, la política y el sistema legal de Japón. En esta investigación se buscó identificar y cuantificar las correlaciones existentes entre el consumo de información en Japón, la opinión pública japonesa respecto a varias cuestiones y el respaldo social a la acción gubernamental tanto a nivel internacional como doméstico, con especial foco en la propuesta de reforma del Artículo 9 de la Constitución Japonesa. Este estudio de caso permitió aplicar estas adaptaciones metodológicas para adaptar la investigación al trabajo de campo. Por ello, en este artículo se ofrece una reaproximación a este estudio de caso, profundizando en el marco teórico empleado, los obstáculos que se pueden encontrar a la hora de ejecutar la investigación, las adaptaciones metodológicas llevadas a cabo y las posibilidades de que estos desafíos y adaptaciones puedan ser extensivos a otras investigaciones en Estudios Japoneses.