bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
OS JOGOS REDUZIDOS COMO FERRAMENTA METODOLÓGICA PARA O ENSINO E APRENDIZAGEM DO TREINAMENTO (EAT) DO FUTEBOL
Authors: Santos Alfredo Fagner Gonçalves , E Souza Fabiano Tadeu de Costa
Published: July 2021

O futebol, modalidade esportiva coletiva, apresenta em seu desenvolvimento de prática um  ambiente cheio de incertezas: variabilidades, aleatoriedades e imprevisibilidades. Os procedimentos metodológicos utilizados para o seu ensino-aprendizagem-treinamento  precisam contemplar a exigência de seu desenvolvimento e entre eles, os jogos em campos  reduzidos (JCR) tem se constituído como uma ferramenta metodológica bastante adequada  para essas demandas, podendo gerar influências em vários fatores de preparação dos  futebolistas (Condicionantes Técnicos e Táticos). Objetivo: A partir disso, o presente artigo  teve como objetivo geral descrever as contribuições dos jogos em campos reduzidos como  procedimento metodológico no ensino-aprendizagem - treinamento do futebol bem com na   preparação de futebolistas. Método: Foi realizado uma revisão de literatura a partir de  publicações nas bases medline e lilacs, entre os anos de 2000 a 2017 e livros no período de  1994 e 2015, onde foram descritas as variáveis estruturais do jogo: quantidade de jogadores,  campo de jogo, regras e tarefas. Conclusão: observou-se com o estudo que os  JCR promovem melhoras no condicionamento físico, tático e técnico dos futebolistas, proporcionando um melhor rendimento aos atletas durante os jogos.
OS JOGOS LÚDICOS NA INICIAÇÃO DO VOLEIBOL PARA CRIANÇAS DE 8 A 10 ANOS LUDICIDADE E VOLEIBOL
Authors: Rodrigues Marcelo Francisco , Colla Anderson , Do Prado Leandro André Rodrigues , De Lazar Rosana Domingues dos Reis , Miguel Henrique
Published: July 2021

O voleibol é um esporte de alta complexidade e imprevisibilidade, contendo habilidadesmotoras peculiares. No início da aprendizagem do voleibol, o professor deve propor aos alunos, brincadeiras lúdicas direcionadas para prática esportiva, respeitando o  esenvolvimento motor da criança, seus limites, de acordo com a sua faixa etária. Objetivo: O  bjetivo desse estudo foi avaliar os benefícios encontrados nos jogos lúdicos na iniciação do  oleibol para crianças de 8 a 10 anos. Método: Este trabalho foi realizado a partir de uma revisão de literatura, utilizando as  eguintes bases de dados: Scielo, Lilacs, Bireme, SBU, Sportdiscus e livros publicados, com as  eguintes palavras chave: voleibol, pedagogia do esporte e iniciação esportiva. Resultados   discussão: Dentre os estudos analisados, podemos destacar a sistematização  o  oleibol a partir de suas determinantes técnicas para a execução do jogo, permeando os  métodos de ensino a partir da repetição do  ovimento/fundamento. Conclusão: Conclui-se que   aprendizagem do voleibol a partir do jogo mostra-se uma saída importante como possibilidade metodológica, pois, proporciona ao aluno as sensações contidas no jogo formal,  para criança que inicia neste esporte é imprescindível.
LESÕES NOS ESPORTES COLETIVOS DE QUADRA. TIPOS, OCORRÊNCIA E TRATAMENTO: UMA BREVE REVISÃO
Authors: Coutinho Santhiago De Oliveira , Leão Iberê Caldas Souza
Published: July 2021

Atletas sempre estarão suscetíveis ao risco de lesões. Profissionais de saúde devem estar preparados para apresentar métodos que ajudem a prevenir  lesões, auxiliar no tratamento e oferecer ambientes de apoio para facilitar a  recuperação das mesmas. Objetivo: Identificar quais os principais tipos,  ocorrência e tratamento específicos para as lesões nos esportes coletivos.
EFEITOS DA INTENSIDADE, NO TREINAMENTO RESISTIDO, SOBRE APERCEPÇÃO DE AFETO EM IDOSOS: UMA REVISÃO SISTEMÁTICA
Authors: Silva David Barbosa da , Sobral José Samuel de Vasconcelos , Silva Tays Kettyman Alves Galdino da , Oliveira Luciano Machado Ferreira Tenório de , Pirauá André Luiz Torres
Published: July 2021

Introdução: O envelhecimento humano é um processo natural e gradual. Uma das formas de minimizar esse processo se dá através do exercício físico, alcançando melhorias físicas, cognitivas e psicológicas. O Treinamento Resistido (TR) tem sido recomendado para população idosa, pois ele é capaz de produzir respostas físicas positivas além da qualidade de vida, humor e melhora da ansiedade. Objetivo: Este artigo teve como objetivo investigar os efeitos da intensidade, no treinamento resistido (TR) sobre a percepção de afeto em idosos. Método: Trata-se de uma revisão sistemática em que as bases de dados utilizadas para a pesquisa foram: Pubmed, Scorpus e Science Direct. A busca e seleção dos artigos ocorreram mediante descritores consultados na base de dados Medical Subject Headings (MeSH). O período de busca e seleção dos artigos compreendeu os meses de abril e maio de 2018, conduzido por pesquisadores de forma independente, em três estágios: análise dos títulos, leitura dos resumos e análise dos artigos completos. Resultados e Discussão: Foram identificados 8 estudos que obtiveram respostas afetivas nas variações de intensidade do TR. Observou-se que o resultado afetivo foi positivo levando em consideração a intensidade de moderada a alta, na grande maioria dos artigos. Conclusão: O presente estudo demonstrou que a intensidade deve ser prescrita levando em consideração não apenas as respostas fisiológicas como também as afetivas, para que haja uma maior aderência ao TR em idosos.Palavras-Chave: Idoso, Treinamento Resistido. Intensidade, Percepção de Afeto.
CONCEPÇÕES PARA O ENSINO DA TÁTICA E DA TÉCNICA DAS MODALIDADES COLETIVAS NA ESCOLA
Authors: Lins Romulo José Cesar , Sousa Fabiano
Published: July 2021

O trabalho surge a partir da apreensão acerca do ensino do esporte, em  especial os coletivos de invasão, nas aulas de Educação Física Escolar.
PRÁTICA ESPORTIVA + BOA ALIMENTAÇÃO = BENEFÍCIOS PARA A SAÚDE
Authors: Santos Bruno Freitas
Published: July 2021

Introdução: O referido estudo apresenta-se como uma revisão de literatura. O mesmo trata da importância da alimentação e das atividades físicas, como um importante recurso para uma vida saudável e um aprendizado muito mais significativo, influenciando positivamente na saúde física e mental do sujeito. Objetivo: Buscou-se verificar que alimentação e as atividades físicas são ingredientes indispensáveis para um bom desempenho na saúde humana. Método: Este estudo está baseado em trabalhos teóricos (artigos e livros) de autores que discutem a temática, mostrando que as práticas físicas, seguida de uma boa alimentação podem e devem ser um recurso importante para a construção de uma vida ativa e saudável. Resultados e Discussão: Por meio da busca realizada, foi possível verificar que sem uma boa alimentação e sem atividades físicas, impossibilita-se a obtenção de uma saúde plena. Conclusão: Conclui-se que novas políticas públicas na área da alimentação e das práticas esportivas são imprescindíveis para a manutenção e obtenção da saúde pública.
METHODOLOGICAL ASPECTS OF SOCCER INITIATION IN ANDERLECHT - BELGIUM
Authors: Figueira Sergio Augusto Leite
Published: July 2021

Introduction: RSC Anderlecht, a Belgian club, was founded in 1908 and headquartered in Anderlecht, a municipality in the Brussels region (Capital of Belgium) and is the most successful football club in that country. In its formation, Anderlecht became a legend far beyond the Belgian borders. Objective: To describe and disseminate the methodological paths used in the practice of soccer, in grassroots categories in RSC Anderlecht - Belgium. Method: This study was a descriptive experience report. Discussion: At Anderlecht, the training process for young athletes comes close to an active methodology, where physical, technical and tactical activities are always linked to cognitive issues, always seeking to develop the intelligence and creativity of these individuals. Conclusion: It is concluded that there is a dynamic and transversal methodology within the RSC Anderlecht, which seeks at the end of each cycle an evaluation, re-planning and redirection of all methodology that follows in an institution that values the initiation and development process of the individual in soccer. This means always seeking to update based on the evolution of methodological and pedagogical theories, finding answers and seeking new questions.
Prescrição do Exercício Físico em tempos de Pandemia!
Authors: Silva André Luiz Lopes da
Published: July 2021

A prescrição do Exercício Físico vem sendo utilizada de várias formas em tempos de pandemia, vamos fazer algumas reflexões ao longo desse texto buscando entender criticamente essas necessidades. Faz-se necessário compreender que a atividade física é conceituada como qualquer movimento corporal produzida pelos músculos esqueléticos que resulta no gasto energético maior que os níveis de repouso, e o exercício físico é entendido como toda atividade física planejada, estruturada e repetitiva que tem por objetivo a melhoria e a manutenção de um ou mais componentes da aptidão física. Dessa forma entende-se que essa prescrição deve ser realizada por um profissional de Educação Física qualificado com conhecimento em avaliar, prescrever, orientar, supervisionar e reavaliar programas de exercícios para a aptidão física relacionada à saúde e ao desempenho físico de forma individualizada.
PENGELOLAAN BANK PLASTIK DALAM UPAYA PENINGKATAN EKONOMI DAN KEBERSIHAN DI DESA WISATA CEPAKA
Authors: Ni Nyoman Sri Rahayu Trisna Dewi  , Tiara Kusuma Dewi
Published: July 2021

Garbage is a major problem in the community which can cause environmental pollution, the daily life of the village community is more about processing the final waste by burning it at a certain time, therefore with the existence of a waste bank there will be an increase in environmental awareness and perhaps economic awareness. The Garbage Bank is a business entity engaged in inorganic waste management. People can sort and save waste at the Garbage Bank, so that it can generate economic value. The Garbage Bank serves customers in saving waste, but most of the Garbage Bank still uses conventional transaction facilities, which causes the transaction data to be lost, damaged, or inaccurate calculation of transaction data. The Garbage Bank also serves garbage collection to customer locations around the Garbage Bank. This research has the main objective to provide assistance in the making and provision of administrative bookkeeping to the Management of the Cepaka Harum Plastic Bank.
PENDAMPINGAN MANAJEMEN PENGELOLAAN WISATA TRACKING DI DESA CEPAKA KEDIRI TABANAN
Authors: I Made Hedy Wartana  , AA. Ketut Sri Asih  , NLK.Julyanti Paramita
Published: July 2021

The condition of Cepaka Village is that it is strategically located and surrounded by large expanses of rice fields which have been developed into a tourist village. Because in Cepaka village, several villas have been established which are usually inhabited by foreign guests who want a rural atmosphere and have close access to the coastal area. The existing traking routes have not been optimally utilized so that economically, the existence of the traking routes is not yet visible. This traking route is a potential that requires serious management so that the route can be worked on optimally so that later there will be an economic contribution. Of the problems faced, the solution that can be given is to rearrange the traking properly so that it is more comfortable and beautiful so that the route is more attractive. to be visited and can be offered as a package in traking tours. Another solution offered is traking route management, which can be done by recording the number of tourist accommodations in Cepaka village because the restaurants and villas in Cepaka village can later be invited to collaborate to take advantage of the traking route's facilities which are used as mutually supportive packages. agreement with tourism actors regarding rights and obligations so that the contributions obtained are mutually beneficial, determine the entrance of a centralized trekking so that it can invite the attention of the community for their curiosity, involve the participation of the Cepaka Village community in order to maintain environmental cleanliness for the realization of a beautiful atmosphere in Cepaka village
Biological traits of a data deficient species in the Asi River: Barbus lorteti (Sauvage, 1882)
Authors: DEMİRCİ Sevil , YALÇIN OZDİLEK Sukran
Published: July 2021

This study was conducted using 201 Barbus lorteti (Sauvage, 1882) individuals, obtained in 1997 from Asi River. In this study, the length-weight and age-weight parameters were estimated using the von Bertalanffy growth equation. The total length for the individuals was varied between 7.4 and 31.0 cm with an average of 18.37 cm. The distribution of weight was fixed as 3.8 and 274.9 g and 82.57±4.3 g in average. The length-weight relationship was estimated as W= 0.013*L2.97. In the age based scale readings-of the individuals in the sampling the age classes were ranging between I-IV. For this species, von Bertalanffy equation in length growth were estimated as Lt=28.45 [1–e-0.43(t+(-0.23))], and the equation in weight growth was estimated as Wt= 382.76*[1–e-0.34(t+(-0.19)]2.97. The growth performance index (Φ) and Condition factor was estimated as 2.56 and 1.11, respectively.
Development of soil and land cover databases for use in the Soil Water Assessment Tool from Irish National Soil Maps and CORINE Land Cover Maps for Ireland
Authors: Basu Bidroha
Published: July 2021

Abstract. Soil Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) are being extensively used by hydrologists and environmentalists to simulate river discharge and water quality at watershed/basin scale across the world. The SWAT is a physically based semi-distributed rainfall runoff model and require watershed related characteristics (elevation, land cover, and soil information for the entire river basin) and meteorological variables (rainfall, temperature, relative humidity, solar radiation and windspeed) information to simulation runoff and water quality data at the basin outlet. One drawback of SWAT is that the default database for the model is available for United States and the modeller needs to develop a separate database to implement the model at river basins located outside the USA. This study generates soil and landcover database that can be used for the SWAT modelling for river basins located in Ireland. The soil database has been created based on soil testing experiments conducted during the STRIVE programme by Teagasc and Environmental Protection Agency Ireland. The landcover database has been created by relating the landcover data obtained from the CORINE database with the default SWAT landcover database. Furthermore, detailed information on the five meteorological data covering Ireland has been provided. A newly created SWAT geodatabase has been generated that can be used as a replacement from the default SWAT database for simulating runoff and water quality at river basins in Ireland. The database contains digital elevation model, soil and landcover maps along with river network and river subbasins for Ireland and is publicly available at: https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4767926 (Basu, 2021).
The Quasi-Global GILTI Tax
Authors: Morse Susan C.
Published: July 2021

The Quasi-Global GILTI Tax
Composition Factor Analysis and Factor Invariance of the Physical Appearance State and Trait Anxiety Scale (PASTAS) in Sports and Non-Sports Practitioner Mexican Adolescents
Authors: Ornelas Martha , Rodríguez-Villalobos Judith Margarita , Viciana Jesús , Guedea Julio César , Blanco José René , Mayorga-Vega Daniel
Published: July 2021

The purpose of the present study was to adapt and validate the Physical Appearance State and Trait Anxiety Scale (PASTAS) for Mexican adolescents, verifying the factor invariance by sports and non-sports practitioners. A sample of 930 Mexican adolescents (46.0% females), aged 11-15 years old, voluntarily participated in the study. A total of 415 participants regularly played sports in a club and/or regularly participated in sports competitions and 515 were non-sports practitioners. The adolescents filled out the trait version of the PASTAS questionnaire, which was previously translated and adapted for Mexican-speaking adolescents following the International Test Commission guidelines. The results of the confirmatory factor analyses showed an adequate measurement model for the original two-factor structure (e.g., GFI = 0.913; RMSEA = 0.078; CFI = 0.943). The internal consistency of the two dimensions was excellent (α and Ω = 0.92-0.93). Additionally, the results of the factorial invariance analyses showed an appropriate fit of the two-structure model (e.g., GFI = 0.96; CFI = 0.98; RMSEA = 0.04) among both sports and non-sports practitioners. The proposed trait version of the PASTAS questionnaire adapted to a Mexican-speaking population shows adequate psychometric properties among Mexican adolescents. The Mexican version of the PASTAS questionnaire supports the original two-factor structure (i.e., factor related to the body weight and factor not related to body weight) among adolescents. Additionally, the factorial invariance analyses support the equivalence of the two-factor structure among both sports and non-sports practitioners.
Hermann Heller: la episteme sociológica como reelaboración democrática de la relación entre pluralismo social y Estado.
Authors: Velázquez Ramírez Adrian
Published: July 2021

El artículo explora las consecuencias que tiene el uso de la sociología en la filosofía política de Hermann Heller. Para Heller, el arribo de la democracia social empujaba hacia una renovación de la Teoría del Estado con el objetivo de proyectar formas de organización capaces de adaptarse al carácter plural y conflictivo de la sociedad política. Ante esta situación la episteme sociológica le permitió conectar de manera innovadora el Estado, la producción democrática del orden jurídico y el pluralismo social asegurando con ello una instancia coordinadora de la solidaridad social. Dentro de este esquema, la sociología se presenta como un saber político central capaz de hacer inteligible la constante dinámica de transformación de las tendencias sociales en formas jurídicas.
Amassar, riscar, rasgar e mover (-se): proposições para aproximar arte contemporânea das crianças na Educação Infantil
Authors: Mendes Rocha Thalia , Baliscei João Paulo
Published: July 2021

Quais argumentações teórico-metodológicas podem favorecer aproximações entre as crianças e a Arte Contemporânea? Nesta reflexão, temos como objetivo argumentar a favor de propostas para se trabalhar Arte Contemporânea em Creches e centros de Educação Infantil. Nela, realizamos uma investigação bibliográfica acerca das ações das crianças e das características da Arte Contemporânea. Sendo assim, selecionamos na Base Nacional Comum Curricular - BNCC (2018) dez objetivos de aprendizagem e desenvolvimento da etapa da Educação Infantil e os aproximamos da Arte Contemporânea. Posteriormente, apresentamos quatro argumentações que podem fundamentar as práticas de professores/as da Educação Infantil no que tange ao trabalho com Arte Contemporânea, e em seguida exemplificamos tais argumentos com obras de artistas contemporâneos/as. Por fim, destacamos a importância de se trabalhar com Arte Contemporânea na Educação Infantil.
Cultivando o desenho da criança: liberdade, encantamento e transgressão
Authors: Souza Printes Jocicleia , De Freitas Bissoli Michelle
Published: July 2021

Este texto é fruto de uma pesquisa de doutorado na linha de formação de professores que objetivou compreender como um processo de formação continuada com professoras da pré-escola, a partir da perspectiva da teoria Histórico-Cultural, pode contribuir para que seu trabalho amplie as possibilidades de expressão infantil, especialmente pelo desenho. Observamos como as relações se davam e como o desenho ocupava tempo e espaço no planejamento. Por meio da pesquisa com formação, propusemos um grupo de estudos para discutirmos sobre a necessidade da arte, formação estética, imaginação e criação. As experiências propostas pelas professoras passaram a pensar o desenho numa combinação do corpo em movimento, superfícies e marcadores. O desenho ganhou centralidade no planejamento e ressignificou o fazer, antes preocupado apenas com o resultado. Processo e produto passaram a dialogar e o resultado foi um conjunto de experiências de fruição e liberdade, valorizando o desenho como expressão.
Islamic Perspectives on Curbing Population Growth to Promote Earth's Sustainability
Authors: Batchelor Daud Abdul-Fattah
Published: July 2021

In Muslim countries, rapid population growth is exacerbating environmental problems. Therefore, the ummah needs to reduce its population growth to safeguard Earth’s sustainability. To that end, family planning measures have been successful in reducing population growth in Muslim countries to levels that promote societal well-being, with better women’s health and healthy, educated children. A review of Islamic perspectives shows that birth control methods were approved by Prophet Muhammad (pbuh), such as birth-spacing intervals and non-permanent contraception, and Islamic states have promoted or discouraged family planning according to socio-economic needs. However, research is required to determine ideal national fertility rates to promote stability and environmental protection. Certain Western countries are active in national programmes to curb Muslim population growth. These should be monitored and terminated if they yield unacceptably low fertility levels. Ultimately, mujtahid scholars need to urgently review classical positions to allow the ummah to curb its population growth
Rukun Negara as The Preamble to The Federal Constitution
Authors: Mohamed Adil Mohamed Azam
Published: July 2021

The call by some groups to incorporate the Rukun Negara as the preamble to the Federal Constitution is timely. The Rukun Negara was first introduced as the national philosophy by the fourth Yang di-Pertuan Agong, the late Sultan of Terengganu, during Merdeka Day in 1970. Among the primary goals of the Rukun Negara are to realise Malaysias ambitions towards enhancing unity among the people; safeguarding the spirit of democracy; establishing a just society; maintaining a liberal approach in addressing diversity; and creating a progressive and technologically advanced society. In fulfilling the above ideals, the Rukun Negara underlines five core principles: Belief in God; Loyalty to the King and Country; Supremacy of the Constitution; Rule of Law; and Good Behaviour and Morality.
Centralisation of Halal Matters Under the Federal Government in Malaysia: A Legal Perspective
Authors: Abdullah Apnizan , Mohamed Adil Mohamed Azam
Published: July 2021

Generally, halal matters in Malaysia are governed by piece-meal legislation, inter alia, the Trade Descriptions Act (TDA) 2011 and its by-laws, the Food Act 1983, Food Regulations 1985, state-issued fatwas, and the rules and guidelines promulgated by relevant authorities, whether under the federal or state governments. Consequently, as prescribed by the law, halal matters are assigned to various different entities. For instance, the Ministry of Domestic Trades, Cooperatives and Consumerism (KPDNHEP) supervises halal trade practices. Both the Department of Islamic Development Malaysia (JAKIM) and Islamic Religious Councils (IRCs) of the states take charge of the halal certification portfolio. The Halal Industry Development Corporation (HDC) handles services related to the internationalisation of halal products, whereas the Department of Standards Malaysia (DOSM) issues and revises time-relevant halal standards. This situation, however, may lead to the overlapping of mandates and confusion among industry players as to whether halal matters fall under the federal or state governments as prescribed in List II of the Malaysian Federal Constitution. Since Malaysia is at the global forefront of promoting the halal agenda, the Malaysian government must call for the centralisation of its regulatory framework to provide better supervision and harmonise practices in the industry. Hence, this paper discusses and deliberates on the legal and regulatory outlook of the country for the purpose of centralising halal matters under the federal government of Malaysia.
Religious Accommodation for Muslim Workers and Patients in Healthcare
Authors: Saidun Salilah , Akhmetova Elmira , Awang Abd Rahman Amilah
Published: July 2021

As the followers of a comprehensive religion that regulates all spheres of human life, it is common for practising Muslims to require certain religious accommodations at their workplaces or during any clinical encounter. This paper aims to identify the factors that facilitate the provision of religious accommodation in healthcare for both Muslim healthcare workers and patients, by specifically examining three issues: provision of halal food, prayer facilities, and Muslim-friendly dress codes. In this qualitative study, document analysis and secondary data analysis are conducted. Thematic analysis is conducted to identify the factors which influence religious accommodation in healthcare. The findings illustrate that the prospect of accommodating religious needs does not merely depend on the religion of the majority of the population, but on various factors, such as the country or the state where the healthcare institution is situated, the healthcare institution itself, the sections or departments within the healthcare institution, and the personnel who deal directly with healthcare personnel or patients requiring the religious accommodation. In addition, awareness, attitudes, rules and standards, and availability of resources also influence the provision of religious accommodation. The results suggest that individuals seeking religious accommodation at any institution ought to play a more active role in obtaining accommodation at various levels. Besides that, religious accommodation can be enhanced by improving knowledge, attitude, standards, regulations, and availability of resources in healthcare institutions.
Branding Halal: A Delicate Balance
Authors: Tieman Marco
Published: July 2021

Traditionally, halal status has been assumed for all non-pork food products and non-alcoholic beverages available in Muslim countries. Halal certification bodies changed this precept, however, by issuing halal certificates for processed food, beverages, and non-food products based on an assessment of ingredients used and production processes. This allowed brand owners to place a halal logo on their products or outlets. The result has been that halal-certified products are available in the market place but, at the same time, there is a greater diversity of halal logos due to the presence of imported products sold by retailers.
Diversity and Pluralism: A Qur’anic Perspective
Authors: Kamali Mohammad Hashim
Published: July 2021

This article begins with a review of the meaning and concept of pluralism and such of its allied words as diversity and tolerance. Then it discusses a set of general premises of Islam such as divine oneness (tawhid), juristic disagreement (ikhtilaf) and disunity (tafarruq) that have a bearing on pluralism. Human dignity (karamah), the moral autonomy of the individual (ikhtiyar) also substantiate the essence of pluralism in Islam. The rest of the article addresses the various manifestations of pluralism ranging from its ethno-linguistic, to religious, political, cultural and legal varieties. The concluding section argues, with reference to Malaysia, that issues pertaining to ethno-religious pluralism call for deeper and more refined approaches to meet new challenges Malaysia is currently facing. The multi-religious and multicultural features of Malaysian society can be enriched by greater policy focus on integration that brings different religious and ethnic groups in closer proximity and contact in their places of residence, learning and work.
Interpreting Islam and Plural Society
Authors: Hassan Muhammad Haniff
Published: July 2021

This article seeks to provide a descriptive and analytical perspective about how Islam can be interpreted by Muslims in plural societies with two contrasting results. Building on those results, this article provides two other variations, thus providing a spectrum of views on Islam and a plural society in one continuum. The article also offers an extrapolation of Muslim attitudes and treatment of non-Muslims in two different contexts; where Muslims are a majority group or as a minority in a non-Muslim country. The two contexts are chosen because they represent the contemporary setting, in which many Muslims find themselves today. Finally, the article offers some reasons that explain the divergence of views and sometimes even contradicting interpretations that influence and shape Muslim attitudes towards plural societies.
Standardisation of Fatwa in Malaysia: Issues, Concerns and Expectations
Authors: Mohamed Adil Mohamed Azam
Published: July 2021

The establishment of the institution of fatwa can be traced back before the independence of Malaysia. In the beginning, a Mufti was placed under the respective Islamic Councils. To a certain extent, a Mufti was also a judge (kadi) and presided over cases in the Shari’ah courts. Legally, a Mufti’s views are not considered as fatwas. Only fatwas issued by the respective States’ Fatwa Committees are regarded as fatwas. A fatwa is binding upon Muslims of the state where it is issued after being consented to by the Sultan and later gazetted. The problem is that more often than not, conflicting fatwas at state and national levels do occur, and this has led to confusion and problems. This article attempts to analyse the problems surrounding the conflicting fatwas. It suggests that the standardisation of fatwas at state and federal levels could be done by requesting the respective States’ Fatwa Committees to abide by the fatwas issued by the National Fatwa Committee. It is also suggested that fatwas issued by the respective States’ Fatwa Committees should be brought up to the National Fatwa Council for standardisation. It is also suggested that a Grand Mufti should be appointed on rotational basis like the selection of the Yang Di Pertuan Agong, after being consented to by the Council of Rulers. However, the position of Grand Mufti will not supersede the position of the respective States’ Muftis.
Educational Role of Literature in Islam
Authors: Abdullah Abdul Karim
Published: July 2021

This paper argues that literature - story telling in particular - can be an effective way of teaching ethics. Exposing readers to good role models can help impart ethical values. The Qur’an itself uses story-telling to convey many of its ethical principles. Literature can serve as a powerful instrument in the cause of civilisational renewal, not only by promoting a culture of learning and literacy, but also by contributing to the development and strengthening of moral integrity.
Shariah Offenses and Fundamental Liberties in Malaysia
Authors: Hazri Tengku Ahmad
Published: July 2021

The debate about the scope of Syariah offences in Malaysia in reality impinges on the pertinent question of the limits to legislation by the state government. Commentators have often noted that since Malaysia does not follow the doctrine of Parliamentary supremacy, the power of Parliament to enact laws is constrained by the Federal Constitution, which declares itself the “supreme law of the Federation”. If Parliament enacts laws contrary to the constitution, the judiciary is empowered and authorized to declare such legislation unconstitutional and hence null and void.
The Use of Big Data and its Effects on the Right to Privacy: A Shari'ah Perspective
Authors: Abdullah Ahmad Badri
Published: July 2021

The use of big data systems is expanding faster than the rules or legal infrastructures that manage them. Everyday, transnational companies like Google process more than 24,000 terabytes of data and a few largest banks in the world manage more than 75 terabytes of internal corporate data. Facebook, the parallel world with 1.2 billion users at a time who send 10 billion messages, upload 350 million pictures and 250 million videos, is another hallmark of the rise of big data.
The Application of Shari'ah Principles of Ta'zir in Malaysian Common Law: A Maqasid-Based Proposal
Authors: Mohamed Adil Mohamed Azam , Abdullah Ahmad Badri
Published: July 2021

In the Malaysian context, debates pertaining to the role of judges in making new laws according to their own discretion are still on-going. In principle, Malaysia’s judiciary system provides judges with a considerable amount of discretionary power when deciding on cases where no specific legislation has been enacted. Nonetheless, judicial discretion in Malaysia is restricted by mandatory sentences for a number of offences. In this context, many calls have been made by judges and scholars to scrutinize the judiciary system. They have raised the question of whether Malaysia needs to resort to English common law, despite having been independent for more than 50 years. Some have even proposed the development of a ‘Malaysian Common Law’ through the judges’ discretionary authority. In this context, this article examines the Islamic legal principle known as ta’zir. One of Islam’s pivotal criminal principles, ta’zir aims at several specific objectives (al-maqasid al-khass), such as the prevention of perpetrators from repeating offences. This research highlights several underpinning principles (dawabit) of ta’zir that, in light of the higher intents of the Shariah, could be used as guidelines for judges in the course of adjudicating cases. Drug trafficking offences are then selected as a specific example of how this could be done, thereby displaying the viability of this proposal in the realm of a hypothetical Malaysian common law system.
The Singapore Fatwa and Irsyad on Nzar-Nuzriah
Authors: Ahmad Salbiah
Published: July 2021

This article peruses the basis of doctrinal authority of the fatawa and irsyad on nazar-nuzriah (Ar. nadhr) issued by the office of the mufti of Singapore. This article suggests a rethinking on the matter in view of doctrinal authority.
Nation-Building Through Constitutionalism
Authors: Hazri Tengku Ahmad
Published: July 2021

States face the challenge of balancing their roles as both strong and limited - i.e. strong because the people depend on them for their shared identity, purpose and direction, yet limited in order to ensure the rights and liberties of those people are safeguarded. Nation-building projects have the tendency to compromise on human rights and fundamental liberties, not least because the very idea of a “shared identity” often involves the marginalisation of other histories -  or “historical amnesia” as it has been called - as the emphasis is placed on shared history.
Shariah Parameters on Islamic Exchange-Traded Fund (ETF) Based on Gold and Silver: A Legal Perspective on the Liabilities of Shariah Advisers in Malaysi
Authors: Abdul Rahman Abdullah
Published: July 2021

Gold and silver are ribawi items. Thus, any dealing with these items requires strict adherence to the Shariah principles governing ribawi transactions. Methods of dealing with gold and silver are clearly mentioned in many traditions of the Prophet (pbuh), inter alia: “Don't sell gold for gold unless equal in weight, nor silver for silver unless equal in weight, but you could sell gold for silver or silver for gold as you like.”
Mohammad Omar Farooq, Toward Our Reformation: From Legalism To Value-Oriented Islamic Law and Jurisprudence
Authors: Wani Gowhar Quadir
Published: July 2021

This book is a dispassionate re-examination of the “laws and codes” that are presented as “Islamic” or “shari’i” in order to empower common Muslims to reconnect with the Qur’an and the Prophetic legacy more directly. In that context, it highlights how the Muslim understanding of the Qur’an and the Prophetic legacy has been clouded by the “interpretive constructs emanating from fallible humans” (p. viii). Instead, the author calls for the implementation of a value-oriented approach taken from the Qur’an and the life of the Prophet Muhammad when determining Muslim understanding of the shari’ah and daily life.
The Tyranny of the Majority and Its Remedies: An Islamic Overview
Authors: Wan Mansor Wan Naim , Abdullah Ahmad Badri
Published: July 2021

In modern Western political discourse, the ‘tyranny of the majority’ has been widely discussed as an obstacle to viable democracy. Across the years, various measures and institutional mechanisms have been developed and introduced to prevent such tyranny. Meanwhile, Islamic legal thought-from legal maxims sanctioning majority interests to the concept of dhimmah-appears to prioritise the interests of the majority at the expense of the minority. This article provides an overview of key aspects from the ‘tyranny of the majority’ discourse before enriching the discussion with a comparative study of Islamic political thought, emphasises the dynamics of majority-minority relations. While the discourse on the tyranny of the majority may inform the Islamic legal tradition about the challenges of running a plural society, Islamic principles also offer a lot of potential resources, particularly in providing moral substance and a more complex discussion of the ethics of regulation. Finally, this article proposes a win-win solution that safeguards both the welfare of the majority and the minority, thus enhancing a sense of co-existence and cooperation in society.
Community Engagement in Forest Care: What it Means to the People in the Forest
Authors: Shaleh Muhammad Adha
Published: July 2021

In today’s forest management system, the state and its departments constitute the majority stakeholders in forest care. They have ignored the conservation role of forest communities in the forest. This practice has already bred narratives about our environment: declining biodiversity, the commodification of nature, land conflicts, overlapping forest ownership, and indigenous claims to land rights in the forest. This scenario deserves attention. What is crucial and necessary is to present an alternative view to mainstream thinking on the forest management system (state control). It is for this reason that there has been a surge call to reform forest planning by engaging indigenous people in the ongoing narratives of forest discussions.
Kesan Pertukaran Agama Ibu Bapa Terhadap Status Agama Anak
Authors: Mohamed Adil Mohamed Azam , Saidon Rafeah
Published: July 2021

Dalam konteks masyarakat berbilang kaum di Malaysia, isu penentuan agama dan hak penjagaan kanak-kanak sering menjadi perbahasan apabila salah satu pihak yang perkahwinannya didaftarkan di bawah Akta Pembaharuan (Perkahwinan dan Perceraian) 1976 (Akta 164) memeluk agama Islam. Pemelukan agama Islam oleh salah seorang pasangan ini menjadi asas kepada pembubaran perkahwinan. Bagi pihak yang beragama Islam, ia akan ditentukan oleh Mahkamah Syariah dan bagi pihak bukan Islam oleh Mahkamah Sivil. Tetapi sehingga pihak yang tidak memeluk Islam memfailkan petisyen perceraiannya di Mahkamah Sivil, perkahwinan itu dianggap kekal. Ini menyebabkan masalah kepada pihak yang memeluk agama Islam untuk memohon penceraian di Mahkamah Syariah. Mahkamah Syariah hanya dapat merungkai perkahwinan tersebut tetapi tidak dapat mengesahkan perceraian itu kerana pihak yang tidak memeluk Islam tidak memfailkan perceraiannya di Mahkamah Sivil.
Smart Energy Consumption Could Preserve Natural Resources
Authors: Abdullah Shahino Mah
Published: July 2021

Energy plays an important role in our lives. It comes in several forms which can be utilised to keep people warm during cold weather, provide foods, improve transportation, and increase productivity. When energy is utilised efficiently, it brings great comfort to our lives. However, energy consumption has been increasing in recent decades as the world population keeps growing. According to a United Nation (UN) report, the current world population of 7.4 billion is projected to increase by 1 billion over the next 10 years and reach 9.6 billion by 2050. Besides population, the standards of living for many people in developing countries is increasing, which in turn results in growing energy demand.
Child Custody (Hadanah) in Islamic Family Law: An Anatomy of Women's Right in Nigeria and Malaysia
Authors: Ijaiya Hakeem , Ijaiya Hakeemat
Published: July 2021

The Quran, the Hadith and the Shari’ah recognise the rights of women to custody of their children when they are no longer with their husband, provided they do not remarry. This right is known as hadanah. The study examines the conditions for the award of hadanah in Nigeria and Malaysia with a view to determining whether its practice is in conformity with the Islamic injunctions. The qualitative approach is used. The qualitative approach includes content, deductive, and inductive analysis as well as comparative method. The references used in this study are the primary and secondary sources. Both materials are analysed accordingly to get the information related to this study. The paper found that women in Nigeria and Malaysia are subjected to ill treatment due to misconceptions about hadanah as an Islamic practice. The study found that women are disadvantaged when securing divorce and custody of their children. The paper concludes that the practice of hadanah in both countries contravenes the constitutional provisions on gender equality. The study recommends that legislative measures be put in place in Nigeria and Malaysia to address the pitfalls of gender-bias.
Addressing the Haze: The Role of Local Traditional Cultures and Islamic Teachings
Authors: Abdullah Shahino Mah
Published: July 2021

The most frequent transboundary haze in the world takes place in Southeast Asia. It is usually caused by land-use changes, open burning, peat combustion, wildfires, and other farming activities. Serious haze occurred in 1983, 1997, 2005, 2006, 2009, 2010, 2013, 2015 and 2016, originating from large-scale forest fires in western Sumatra and southern Kalimantan, Indonesia. It caused adverse effects to locals as well as neighbouring countries, affecting their health, economy, agriculture, and biodiversity. Among the serious effects of haze are increased respiratory-related mortality due to toxic airborne particles, jet crashs and ship collisions due to restricted visibility, reduction of crop growth rate due to limited solar radiation, and extinction of endangered primates due to habitat loss. Neighbouring countries like Malaysia and Singapore sometimes have to close schools to prevent people from being exposed to air pollution, and its consequent respiratory ailments.
Riba Dalam Insurans Konvensional: Sejauhmana Konsep Takaful Berperanan Menanganinya?
Authors: Dusuki Asyraf Wajdi , Ali Mohammad Mahbubi
Published: July 2021

Takaful (Islamic insurance) is an alternative concept to conventional insurance, which the Shariah prohibits because it contains elements of usury (riba), features of substantial uncertainty (gharar) and gambling (maysir). The present study examines the issue of unequivocally prohibited riba in conventional insurance and how the takaful structure resolves this issue. The study suggests that the takaful model, which is structured based on the concept of mutual assistance, as rooted in the tabarru principle, can eliminate all riba arising from the exchange features of conventional insurance. The study concludes with a set of actionable policy recommendations.
Justice, Jihad and Duty: The Quranic Concept of Armed Conflict
Authors: Hayward Joel
Published: July 2021

The Quran is among the most widely read books on earth, yet it is also commonly misunderstood and misquoted. Islams critics say that it contains exhortations of violence against non-Muslims and a concept of war that is far more unbridled and indiscriminate than the western Just War theory. This study is not a general overview or critique of the Islamic laws of war, which are the varied and sometimes contradictory opinions of medieval Islamic jurists, mainly from the ninth to thirteenth centuries CE. Instead, this study analyses only the Quranic text itself and, by putting its verses into historical context, attempts to explain its codes of conduct in order to determine what it actually requires or permits Muslims to do in terms of the use of military force. It concludes that the Quran is clear: Muslims must not undertake offensive violence and are instructed, if defensive warfare should become unavoidable, always to act within a code of ethical behaviour that is closely similar to the western Just War tradition. This study attempts to dispel any misperceptions that Islams holy book advocates the subjugation or killing of non-Muslims and reveals that, on the contrary, its key and unequivocal concepts governing warfare are based on justice and a profound belief in the sanctity of human life.
Licence to Operate in the Halal Market: A Matter of Alignment
Authors: Tieman Marco
Published: July 2021

The Middle East and Southeast Asia are amongst todays leading consumer markets for food, cosmetics and pharmaceuticals. All major brand owners want to serve these Muslim markets. However, Muslim markets have stringent requirements regarding halal, demanding not only halal compliance for ingredients and production, but increasingly for the end-to-end supply and value chains. When doing business in Muslim markets, corporate halal reputation is therefore an important strategic asset. A corporate halal reputation is the collective representation of a firms past actions and halal performance, including the firms future ability to meet halal requirements. Halal reputation is undoubtedly valuable for corporations, but at the same time an intangible asset. Although intangible, the corporate halal reputation is important to measure and track. Muslim societies are less prepared to tolerate risks (whether real or perceived), meaning Muslims want a near zero risk halal environment.
The Moral Foundations of the Constitution
Authors: Hazri Tengku Ahmad
Published: July 2021

Despite the primacy of Malaysia’s written constitution and despite its lofty status as the very foundation of the nation and the embodiment of the social contract, recent trends reveal a shift away from the black letters of the law towards a search for the moral foundations of the constitution, foundations that are largely unwritten. Significantly, from all sides of the debate the sanctity of the constitution itself has been upheld and, although different parties have advanced different interpretations of its ideals and history, none have gone to the point of challenging its validity. This is interesting, especially with reference to Malaysia, because the constitution itself was drafted by the Reid Commission, comprising five members, none of whom were Malayan. The constitution could have easily been construed as a remnant of neo-colonialism, but this has not happened. At least not so far.
Islam and the Development of Democratic Opposition in Central Asia
Authors: Akhmetova Elmira
Published: July 2021

This article provides a brief study of democracy in the five Central Asian countries, i.e. Kyrgyzstan, Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan, Tajikistan and Turkmenistan. It suggests that the expected democratisation of Central Asia failed to occur due to the regions internal conditions, which can be termed the classic colonial syndrome, in addition to several international factors. The Central Asian countries did not have the potential to find their own way in the international arena, simply maintaining their traditional Soviet way of rule under the new name of democracy. The paper also finds that the Central Asian approach to Islam at both state and individual level is a crucial tool of identity construction as well as an instrument of authority, control and suppression of political opposition. Yet, Islam played almost no role in the failure of democracy in the region. This article states that the application of instruments of democracy alone cannot make nations democratic or provide well-being and justice for the people. Democracy is about sets of values and principles aimed at achieving good governance. Thus, democracy should be considered as a tool and structure on the path of achieving societal well-being, rather than as the main objective of governance.