bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Análise de determinantes sociais da saúde na utilização de consultas nos cuidados de saúde primários
Authors:   USF Famílias. Lourosa, Capela Diana , Biscaia Ricardo ,   Faculdade de Economia da Universidade do Porto
Published: September 2023

Introdução: Os determinantes sociais da saúde (DSS) são as circunstâncias nas quais as pessoas nascem, crescem, vivem, trabalham e envelhecem e que influenciam o seu estado de saúde. Existem vários estudos sobre os DSS e a sua influência na saúde; contudo, ainda pouco se investigou acerca destes determinantes e a sua ação na procura de cuidados de saúde. Objetivos: O estudo pretende determinar a influência dos DSS (sexo, idade, distância da habitação à USF, nacionalidade, escolaridade, situação profissional, rendimento, disfunção social, estilos de vida) na utilização de consultas nos cuidados de saúde primários (CSP) e refletir sobre como é que estes podem ser organizados de forma mais eficiente e equitativa. Método: Foi realizada uma análise observacional e retrospetiva, que tem como população-alvo os utentes de uma unidade de saúde familiar (USF) com idade igual ou superior a 28 anos (n=8.781) e utiliza uma análise multivariada (regressão linear múltipla) para determinar se as variáveis independentes (DSS) influenciam a variável dependente (número de consultas nos últimos 10 anos), analisando ano a ano e realizando uma comparação entre o período pré e pós-pandemia COVID-19. Resultados: Através desta investigação conclui-se que os DSS têm influência na utilização de consultas nos CSP, como: sexo, idade, nacionalidade, índice de massa corporal, rendimento, escolaridade, situação profissional, disfunção familiar, distância da habitação à USF, o facto de ser não fumador e o consumo ou não de drogas. Quanto à análise dos períodos pré e pós-pandemia COVID-19 verificou-se que esta teve impacto na mudança de alguns padrões de comportamento por parte dos utentes. Conclusão: Acredita-se que atuando ao nível destes determinantes é possível melhorar a igualdade no acesso aos cuidados de saúde e, por sua vez, a equidade no estado de saúde.
De pais para filhos: transmissão vertical e ambiental da ansiedade
Authors:   USF do Minho, Domingues Inês Gonçalo , Fonte Pedro ,   USF do Minho
Published: September 2023

Introdução: A ansiedade é um sentimento universal sem que isso constitua doença ou mesmo anormalidade. Esta pode assumir um caráter patológico quando funciona de maneira inapropriada, condicionando mecanismos mal adaptativos, estando, neste caso, perante uma perturbação de ansiedade. A influência genómica e ambiental é cada vez mais reconhecida como importante na sua génese e perpetuação. Por isso, para uma compreensão mais holística, na presença de uma perturbação de ansiedade é fundamental avaliar o contexto familiar através de avaliação familiar, prática muitas vezes esquecida na rotina do médico de família. Descrição dos casos: Nesta avaliação familiar, traduzida em relato de caso, a ansiedade configura uma perturbação multigeracional de expressão diversa. Este tipo de transmissão apoia a componente genético-ambiental da perturbação ansiosa. Foram avaliados três elementos de um agregado familiar com perturbação ansiosa: mãe e dois filhos. A génese da perturbação ansiosa da matriarca terá sido possivelmente favorecida por predisposição genética, adivinhável pelos antecedentes familiares, bem como pelo ambiente de conflito, recorrentes episódios de violência verbal e física no seio do casal de que fez parte, perpetuada por diversos eventos ansiogénicos. A transmissão da perturbação ansiosa para a geração seguinte terá sido proporcionada pelo ambiente comum de violência familiar, aliado à expressão de ansiedade materna através da componente não verbal, pela expressão física de ansiedade, instrucional pelo alarmismo para as diferentes situações de perigo que surgiam ao longo do dia e comportamental pela evicção de situações novas. Curiosamente, embora a génese da perturbação de ansiedade e os sintomas iniciais de ambos os filhos tenham sido comuns, a predisposição individual e os eventos ansiogénicos subsequentes moldaram-nos de forma distinta, quer na manifestação da ansiedade quer na gestão da mesma. Comentário: A medicina geral e familiar ocupa uma posição privilegiada na avaliação individual e familiar desta patologia. À semelhança desta família considera-se que muitas famílias portuguesas reúnem as mesmas características e que ainda não é dada a devida atenção a esta cadeia de transmissão de psicopatologia. A procura ativa de fatores familiares que aumentem o risco de perturbação de ansiedade e valorização da perturbação de ansiedade como psicopatologia com grande impacto individual, familiar e social é fundamental. O tratamento adequado das perturbações de ansiedade numa geração pode reduzir a prevalência das mesmas nas gerações futuras.
ARTIFICIAL NEURAL NETWORKS AND ADAPTIVE NEURO FUZZY INFERENCE SYSTEM FOR WHEAT YIELD ANALYSIS AND PREDICTION
Authors: Rao Agari Shailesh , Vishal Manoj , Krishnan Anjana
Published: September 2023

The current study evaluated the prediction of the yield of wheat crops in the Bagalkot district of Karnataka State, India. The study aimed to provide crop yield predictions to help farmers optimize their cultivation and marketing strategies. The model used various independent variables, such as temperature, humidity of air, and water resources, to predict growth in the yield of wheat crops. The correlation analysis helps determine the strength and direction of the relationship between the variables based on the results. The statistical analysis identifies the variables that have a significant impact on crop yield growth. The work developed and tested two different models (the Artificial Neural Network (ANN) model and the Adaptive Neuro-fuzzy Interference System (ANFIS) to predict crop yield growth based on the selected independent variables. The ANFIS model was particularly interesting as it can predict a mapping between the input and output parameters, which can be useful for understanding the relationships between different variables. ANFIS was considered a better predictor than ANN as the error percentage ranged from 0-3%. Overall, the work highlighted the importance of crop yield predictions and the potential benefits that simulations can generate for farmers and the agriculture sector in general.
Clinical efficacy of enamel matrix derivative in treatment of periodontal intra-bony defects
Authors:   Faculty of Odonto-Stomatology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam, Nguyen Thi Thanh Ngoc , Nguyen Thu Thuy ,   Faculty of Odonto-Stomatology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam, Pham Anh Vu Thuy ,   Division of Odonto-Stomatology, School of Medicine, Vietnam National University, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
Published: September 2023

Objective: This study aimed at evaluating the efficacy of enamel matrix derivative (EMD) in the treatment of posterior lower intrabony defects resulted from periodontitis. Method: This split-mouth, randomized clinical trial was conducted on 15 patients with 30 posterior lower teeth with bilateral symmetrical IBD lesions which were randomly assigned into two groups: open flap debridement with EMD (OFD+EMD) and without EMD (OFD). Clinical periodontal parameters were recorded at baseline, 3 and 6 post-operative months, including the plaque index (PlI); gingival index (GI); periodontal pocket depth (PPD); clinical attachment loss (CAL) and gingival recession (GR). Results: In each group, PlI, GI, PPD, CAL decreased significantly (p <0.05) after 3 and 6 postoperative months compared to baseline. Between the two treatment groups, PPD, CAL, and GR in the OFD + EMD group were significantly lower (p <0.001) compared to the OFD group after 3 and 6 post-operative months. Conclusion: The adjunctive use of EMD enhances the efficiency of OFD in treatment of periodontal intra-bony defects because reducing periodontal pocket depth, clinical attachment loss, and gingival recession.
Knowledge, attitudes, practices and barriers for implementation of preventing measures toward COVID-19 among residents of Tan Phu district, Ho Chi Minh city
Authors:   School of Medicine – Vietnam National University HCMC, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam, Nguyễn Ân Huỳnh Bảo , Nhã Thanh Chung ,   School of Medicine – Vietnam National University HCMC, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam, Nguyễn Dũng Hoàng ,   School of Medicine – Vietnam National University HCMC, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam, Nguyễn Ngọc Thị Tiểu ,   School of Medicine – Vietnam National University HCMC, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam, Võ Nghĩa Quang ,   School of Medicine – Vietnam National University HCMC, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam, Bùi Minh Công ,   School of Medicine – Vietnam National University HCMC, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
Published: September 2023

Objective: The study aims to investigate the correct knowledge, attitudes, practices, and barriers of residents who live in Tan Phu district, HCMC, toward COVID-19 prevention, during the pandemic. Methods: This is a cross-sectional study using data collected via in-person interviews with the prepared questionnaire, from 416 participants aged 18 years older living in Tan Phu district, HCMC from September to October 2020. Results: In this study, the mean COVID-19 knowledge score was 8.40 1.25, more than 60% of participants had a positive, most of the participants had correct practice (>90%). There is a difference in the mean knowledge score among age groups, work status and marital status (p<0.05); There is a difference in attitude scores between age groups (p<0.05). There was no statistically significant difference in practice scores between participants, and 8 barriers in COVID-19 prevention. The study also recorded 10 issues that people are concerned about in COVID-19 prevention and especially the number of infections - deaths cases(46.51%). Conclusion: The proportion of people with the right knowledge, attitudes and practices about COVID-19 prevention is relatively high. Our finding suggests that health education communication should focus on COVID-19 prevention and treatment guidelines; promote the mass media, especially messages from the Ministry of Health or the Government.
An environment for simulating the generation of log files when monitoring events
Authors:   Saint Petersburg Electrotechnical University, Kutyev A. T. , Bekeneva Ya. A. ,   Saint Petersburg Electrotechnical University
Published: September 2023

Aim. The aim of the work is to solve the problem of modeling the generation of data sets in monitoring systems. Automatic detection of abnormal events in processes in real time is an urgent and important task. Materials and methods. To identify various kinds of anomalies, various data mining methods are often used. Often, to obtain a high accuracy of the analysis, preliminary training is required using a large amount of data and representative samples. However, it is not always possible to obtain a representative sample of various kinds of anomalies from real sources. The developed environment makes it possible to consider various scenarios of movement of given objects of observation and generate data containing various parameters that can be provided in such systems. Time indicators are considered when an object moves from one monitoring point to another, time delays when registering one event by several monitoring devices. The ability to add anomalous events to scripts has been developed. Results. Experiments have been carried out to simulate data generation in the implementation of motion scenarios for objects of observation. The proposed environment is intended for use by researchers in the field of data processing and analysis for the development and testing of new methods of data processing in monitoring systems. Conclusion. The data sets obtained during the experiments can be used as reference data for training data analysis mechanisms, and for testing various analysis mechanisms in order to assess the accuracy of identifying possible deviations.
Optimizing computation of arithmetic operations based on a pre-trained neural network
Authors:   Saint Petersburg Electrotechnical University, Mohammed O. T. , Paznikov A. A. ,   Saint Petersburg Electrotechnical University
Published: September 2023

Nowadays, the main methods of improving the performance of arithmetic operations on fixed and floating numbers are performed by multicore computer systems (CS) are the improvement of the microarchitecture of systems and algorithms implemented in compilers and libraries. Separately, it is necessary to highlight the complex tasks of implementing operations with long numbers that exceed the size of a machine word. This is due to the limited size of the processor registers and the data bus. As a result, the implementation of traditional operations, such as addition, multiplication, division, become more difficult to implement in modern computer systems. To solve this problem, there are currently several algorithms. However, the available algorithms can be quite slow, since they are sequential and implement bitwise operations on the bits of a number.In order to improve the performance of this class of calculations, a model based on a neural network is proposed. The purpose of this model is to reduce the execution time and CPU usage. A neural network model for performing arithmetic operations has been developed. A method of generating a data set based on graph traversal is proposed and tested experimentally. Algorithms for performing arithmetic operations based on a pretrained neural network are constructed.
Câncer Simultâneo e Câncer Múltiplo: Considerações Sobre 23 Casos
Authors: Braz Turibio
Published: September 2023

Levantamento a partir de 1942, de 23 casos de pacientes portadores de várias localizações blastomatosas malignas; com certa freqüencia no Serviço Nacional de Câncer, surgindo algumas vezes ao mesmo tempo, vêzes outras em épocas diferentes; ora na face, ora nos membros, ora em pontos das mais diversas regiões do corpo, assim como nos diversos órgãos internos.
Estado Atual da Cirurgia do Câncer Pulmonar
Authors: Lambert Adrian
Published: September 2023

Atualmente, o câncer do pulmão constitui o maior desafio possível ao clinico ou ao cirurgião. Insidioso de início como sói acontecer, esta doença põe em cheque a habilidade do clínico para suspeitar a sua presença frequentemente durante o curso de outra doença. Compete então, ao cirurgião empregar uma das diferentes medidas operatórias ao seu alcance para eliminar o tumor e ao mesmo tempo conservar a maior quantidade de tecido pulmonar funcionante. Se a doença estiver no início, o diagnóstico será feito na mesa de operações, sendo necessário então, um julgamento inteligente para um adequado tratamento cirúrgico da mesma.
ORGANIZATION AND REGULATION OF THE ACTIVITIES OF SYSTEMICALLY IMPORTANT BANKS UNDER MARTIAL LAW
Authors:   National Aviation University, Antypenko Nadiia , Shnypko Oleh ,   National Aviation University
Published: September 2023

The article provides a definition of a systemically important bank, shows that their diagnosis by the NBU is carried out in two stages, in the first stage they are divided into three categories depending on the value of the bank's systemic importance indicator, measured in basis points. The list of system banks includes both state and private banks. The definition of martial law and its influence on the content of the regulatory and supervisory functions of the NBU was defined, in particular in terms of strategic areas of activity of public sector banks and post-war economic recovery; termination of activity and withdrawal from the market of banks under the control of the aggressor state. The changes to the legislation, which relate to the improvement of the procedure for withdrawing system banks from the market under martial law, are summarized. All losses and damages that may arise in this case, in accordance with the norms of international law, must be compensated by the state that carries out armed aggression against our country. It is shown that during the period of martial law, systemic state banks function on the basis of the main areas of activity approved by joint decisions of the Cabinet of Ministers of Ukraine and the National Bank of Ukraine. Their financial condition is positively affected by customer trust, service of government programs, negatively by significant losses from investing in government securities due to a sharp decrease in their investment attractiveness. To correct the situation for the better, state banks are recommended to set limit values of appetite for the risk of investments in them based on optimizing the ratio between the costs of forming reserves for possible losses and interest income from investment objects. A set of measures has been developed to strengthen the resource base of banking institutions under martial law: temporarily cancel the tax on depositors' interest income due to its low budget capacity; use the transformation of currency deposits into hryvnias with a premium; expand deposit guarantee schemes for current and term accounts of small and medium-sized businesses in the absence of signs of a person affiliated with the bank; to use the mechanisms of financial restructuring of the debtor, etc. provided for by the law.
CHALLENGES AND PROSPECTS FOR THE UKRAINIAN AGRICULTURAL SECTOR: SEARCHING FOR EXPORT OPPORTUNITIES AND COOPERATION WITH THE EU
Authors:   National Aviation University, Kovalchuk Anastasiia , Belinska Ganna ,   National Aviation University
Published: September 2023

The article "Challenges and Prospects of the Ukrainian Agricultural Sector: Searching for Export Opportunities and Cooperation with the EU" is dedicated to the study of current challenges faced by the Ukrainian agricultural sector, as well as to the consideration of prospects and ways of development, in particular in the context of exports and cooperation with the European Union. The article offers an analysis of the problems affecting Ukraine's agricultural sector, such as limited access to foreign markets, low competitiveness and instability in the domestic market environment. The authors emphasise the need to find ways to develop a agricultural exports, in particular through strengthening cooperation with the EU. The article discusses the potential benefits of cooperation with the European Union, in particular, access to its markets and technologies, as well as opportunities to attract investment. The key areas of cooperation are outlined, such as the implementation of European quality standards, support in the field of technical infrastructure and professional development. The article also discusses the development of infrastructure, including transport and logistics, to ensure efficient exports of agricultural products. The article identifies the prospects for further development of the Ukrainian agricultural sector, in particular through cooperation with the EU. Analysing the challenges and opportunities, the authors emphasise the need to improve competitive advantages, expand export potential and improve product quality. The article concludes that successful overcoming the challenges of the Ukrainian agricultural sector and achieving sustainable development depends on active cooperation with the EU, the use of European standards and technologies, and the establishment of an effective system of support and financing for agricultural enterprises. By analysing important aspects and offering concrete recommendations, the paper is a valuable source of information for agricultural professionals, policy makers and researchers interested in the development of the Ukrainian agricultural sector and prospects for cooperation with the EU.
EQUITY MANAGEMENT OF A CORPORATE TRADE ENTERPRISE: QUANTITATIVE AND STRUCTURAL DYNAMICS
Authors:   State University of Trade and Economics, Dyeyeva Nataliia , Diakun Andrii ,   State University of Trade and Economics
Published: September 2023

The article provides a definition of a corporate enterprise, highlights its main features and forms. The diagnosis of the state of equity management of a corporate trade enterprise at the levels of the national economy, industry and sub-industry was carried out based on indicators of quantitative and structural dynamics according to official data of the State Statistics Service of Ukraine during 2013– 2021. It is shown that the contribution of corporate trade enterprises to the formation of own capital in the national economy is insignificant, and the total contribution is much larger and makes up almost a fifth. It is estimated that three quarters of capital at the level of trade is formed at the expense of corporate wholesale enterprises. The second in role are retail trade enterprises, the third – wholesale and retail trade in motor vehicles and motorcycles, their repair. The dynamics of the total capital of trade and its sub-sectors, which is described by increasing functions and confirms the stability of its growth, is formalized. An assessment of the capital structure of corporate enterprises based on average annual data is given, depending on their size and trade sub-sectors. In the national economy of Ukraine, the largest share of capital is concentrated on the balance sheets of large enterprises, in trade – on the balance sheets of small enterprises. The distribution of second (medium enterprises) and fourth places (micro enterprises) is similar. It is shown that in the field of wholesale and retail trade in motor vehicles and motorcycles, medium-sized enterprises are the leaders in terms of capitalization, and in wholesale trade – small and medium-sized enterprises. In retail trade, the leader in capital concentration is large enterprises, the second place is occupied by medium-sized enterprises, small and micro enterprises have negative values of the share of equity capital and are in the worst capitalization position. In general, at the level of the analyzed types of activities, none of them has the necessary autonomy and concentration of own capital, and trade enterprises have the lowest indicators. Recommendations have been developed to improve the management of the equity of corporate trade enterprises based on the elimination of uncovered losses and negative values of equity, capitalization of received net profit, etc.
THREATS TO UKRAINE’S ECONOMIC SECURITY UNDER MARTIAL LAW
Authors:   State Tax University, Lypkan Andrii
Published: September 2023

The article identifies and systematises the main threats to Ukraine’s economic security under martial law and in terms of its components. The study used such scientific methods as analysis and synthesis, induction and deduction, generalisation and comparison, graphical and tabular methods, etc. It is substantiated that when considering threats to economic security in wartime, it is advisable to distinguish between internal and external sources of their origin. Internal threats are triggered by crises within the country and can be publicly managed and eliminated. External threats are caused by processes over which the country has no leverage, but can only adapt and minimise the negative consequences. The author confirms the exhaustiveness of the decomposition of the country’s economic security by components, as well as its sufficiency for identifying and systematising relevant wartime threats. The analysis systematises the external and internal threats under martial law to the production, demographic, energy, foreign economic, investment and innovation, macroeconomic, food, social and financial components of Ukraine’s economic security. It is proved that in the context of the Russian-Ukrainian war and the occupation of 18% of the territory (with the overwhelming concentration of industrial and agricultural production), the first year of the large-scale invasion and, accordingly, martial law was a period of the deepest macroeconomic decline in the history of independent Ukraine. The greatest threats to Ukraine’s economic security are identified as follows: physical destruction of the population; forced internal emigration with the status of internally displaced person and external emigration with the status of refugee; kidnapping of Ukrainian children to the territory of the aggressor country as a crime against humanity; unprecedented destruction of energy infrastructure; a passive balance of payments; stagflation as an economic phenomenon when there is a simultaneous economic downturn, rising inflation and rising unemployment; denunciation of the Black Sea Grain Initiative; deterioration in the welfare of citizens; growth of public debt to over 60% of GDP, etc.
GRANT SUPPORT OF THE INTERNATIONAL ORGANIZATION FOR MIGRATION IN UKRAINE DURING THE WAR
Authors:   Lviv University of Trade and Economics, Kobelya-Zvir Maryana
Published: September 2023

The article examines the main grant instruments for supporting Ukraine in war conditions from the International Organization for Migration (IOM). The key priorities of the IOM in Ukraine since the time when PrIOM began working in Kyiv in 1996, when Ukraine received the status of an observer country at the IOM, are demonstrated. It was emphasized that since the beginning of the Russian aggression in 2014, PrMOM began to pay special attention to the problems of IDPs and other categories of persons affected by the conflict and to conduct work in the following areas: employment, micro-entrepreneurship and self-employment of IDPs and persons affected by the conflict; development of social infrastructure in resettlement and return zones, as well as support for the stabilization of communities affected by the conflict in Donbas; cash assistance to IDPs; national hotline for IDPs. The list of programs of monetary and non-monetary grant assistance in war conditions for representatives of micro and small businesses is given. The main benefits that IDPs and war-affected people receive from the use of grant instruments are outlined. It was emphasized that grant programs from IOM are a significant support for business, in particular, with grant funds, representatives of micro and small businesses have the opportunity to: purchase specialized equipment, tools needed for production/processing and other enterprise activities; renting premises; repair or arrangement of premises; creation of additional jobs; purchase of raw materials for the production process; transportation of equipment/personnel; export development (licensing, permits, search for new foreign markets, etc.); other measures necessary for adaptation in wartime. It is noted that Ukrainians do not use it too actively. The main reasons for this were identified: low awareness of the possibility and prospects of attracting grant resources, inability to work with donors, distrust of Ukrainians in the support of international organizations, inability to receive a grant from IOM again, somewhat limited geography of interests of IOM, which in various competitions is represented by several regions, grant IOM resources are not available to medium-sized businesses. Under the conditions of overcoming these barriers, internally displaced persons and people affected by the war have the opportunity to fully experience the socio-economic effect of attracting grant aid from IOM.
DIGITALIZATION'S IMPACT ON INDUSTRIAL MANAGEMENT AND MARKETING: ADDRESSING THE CHALLENGES OF OUR TIME
Authors:   Odesa National Maritime University, Pustovit Olena , Kulinich Tetiana ,   Lviv Polytechnic National University, Nahorna Olena ,   National University of Life and Environmental Sciences of Ukraine
Published: September 2023

The article provides a specification of the main aspects of digitization's impact on industrial management and marketing. A distinctive feature of the research is that it convincingly demonstrates, based on logical analysis and synthesis methods, that the large-scale invasion of Russia into Ukraine did not halt the processes of digitization in industrial management and marketing. Using logical operations of comparison and abstraction, it has been proven that the processes of implementing digital technologies and tools for optimization and automation of management and marketing processes in industrial enterprises continue to evolve, albeit with a shift in their nature from security-oriented to reactive. This process entails the situational transformation of traditional work methods and the utilization of digital resources, which serves as a response to the challenges of the time, shaped by the ever-changing needs of industrial enterprises. The prospects for further research include the development of a model for the continuous adaptation of industrial management and marketing systems to changes. This model could be based on the integration of digital technologies, data, and analytics, enabling organizations to become more flexible and responsive to the challenges of the time.
Perfil da automedicação e suas implicações entre estudantes de enfermagem: uma revisão narrativa de 2017 a 2022
Authors: Lima Fabilene Santos , Silva Hitalo Andrade , Medeiros Maria Alice Miranda Bezerra
Published: September 2023

A prática da automedicação em estudantes de enfermagem, é cada vez mais frequente, percebe que o consumo de medicamentos afeta de maneira significativa a vida desse acadêmico, no ambiente universitário, notou -se devido ao conhecimento adquirido durante o curso, e após cursar a disciplina de farmacologia, estimula a prática e o consumo de medicamentos isentos de prescrição (MIPs), entretanto a poucos estudos voltados ao tema proposto. O presente estudo buscou abordar a temática sobre a automedicação, o estudo apontou medicamentos mais utilizados são, analgésicos, anti-inflamatórios, psicoativos. Verificamos que interesse em buscar medicamentos que o ajude no desempenho acadêmico.  Portanto, se faz necessário desenvolver estratégias de promoção à saúde que ajudem o futuro profissional de saúde, pratique o autocuidado, para poder zelar pela comunidade em que está inserido.
Esclerosis múltiple y salud pública
Authors:   Revista Acta de Ciencia en Salud, Vázquez del Mercado-Sánchez Arely
Published: September 2023

La esclerosis múltiple es una enfermedad crónico degenerativa, comienza en edades tempranas como lo son en adultos jóvenes o de mediana edad, es causada por alteraciones neurológicas provocando un trastorno inflamatorio el cual se produce en el sistema nervioso central; dando como resultado que no exista una producción correcta de mielina que conlleva a la desmielinización, a una inflamación crónica y a una gliosis a nivel del SNC. Esta enfermedad provoca un mecanismo autoin-mune que desencadenado por un proceso infeccioso que es el que induce a una respuesta inflamatoria mediada por las células T, esta enfermedad se ha encontrado asociadaA a determinados antigénicos HLA clase II como lo son: HLA-Dw2 y HLA-DR2 presentando halotipos DRw15, DQw6 y Dw2. Sus manifestaciones clínicas corresponden a lesio-nes de nervios ópticos, médula espinal, tronco ce-rebral, cerebro y cerebelo. Provocando disminución de visión, diplopía, nistagmus, disartria y temblor de intención.Esta enfermedad inicia siendo benigna pero lenta-mente se convierte en una enfermedad progresiva y agresiva que en ciertos casos ocasiona la muerte. La esclerosis múltiple es la segunda causa de dis-capacidad neurológica en adultos jóvenes, afecta a personas de 20 a 50 años de edad y en raras ocasio-nes se presenta en la infancia o por encima de los 50 años de edad. En países con elevada latitud es donde se encuentran mayores casos de esta patología, y va disminuyen-do de prevalencia en países que están más cerca de Ecuador como lo son: Colombia, Perú o Brasil.Esta enfermedad la presentan aproximadamente 2 millones de personas en el mundo, con una relación de 1:3.1 en donde las mujeres son más propensas a desarrollar esclerosis múltiple.En México la prevalencia es de 12-15 casos por cada 100,000 habitantes, actualmente se han registrado 12 mil a 15 mil casos afectado a jóvenes en edad activa.La esclerosis múltiple en México no afecta a un am-plio sector de la población, sin embargo es la prin-cipal causa de discapacidad en jóvenes de 20 a 45 años, y no representa gran peligro porque solo re-presenta menos del 1% de mortalidad.Los factores de riesgo que se ven asociados a la en-fermedad son infecciones virales, principalmente por el virus del Epstein Barr, el ser del sexo femenino, poca exposición a luz solar junto con el déficit de vitamina D, el tabaquismo y el vivir en latitudes altas.En lo que respecta a la Salud Pública, el IMSS anual-mente gasta de 250 mil pesos a 300 mil pesos, es una institución que si cuenta con la cobertura para esta enfermedad, en lo que respecta a otras instituciones como el Seguro Popular en conjunto con la Secretaría de Salud, no cuentan con esta cobertura médica. La mayoría de las enfermedades son prevenibles y se cuenta con evidencia consistente sobre la eficacia de intervenciones tanto de promoción, prevención y tratamiento que justifican las labores de la Salud Pública; desarrollando estrategias de promoción y prevención, en relación al costo-beneficio.
Enfermedad de Tay-Sachs
Authors:   Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara, México, López-de la Mora David ,   Centro Universitario de Tonalá, Universidad de Guadalajara, Tonalá, México.,   Instituto de Biología Molecular en Medicina y Terapia Génica, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara, México., Sánchez-Roque Cibeles ,   Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara, México,   Centro Universitario de Tonalá, Universidad de Guadalajara, Tonalá, México.,   Instituto de Biología Molecular en Medicina y Terapia Génica, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara, México.
Published: September 2023

La evolución son todos esos cambios que ocurren y han ocurrido a través del tiempo en los seres vivos. Y esto implica un cambio genético, que es el principal factor de la evolución. La rama de la biología que estudia estos procesos se hace llamar “genética de poblaciones” y sustenta principios teóricos que explican los cambios evolutivos. La mayoría de las especies se componen de una o más poblaciones donde se cruzan entre sí, lo que forma una combinación genética a la que llamamos población mendeliana. Este intercambio de genes es el punto clave donde se desarrolla la evolución [1,2]. El material genético es el único componente que se transmite de generación en generación, por lo tanto, si un individuo deja más descendientes estará más presente su diversidad genética. Así las frecuencias de los distintos alelos cambian de generación en generación, permaneciendo siempre la que más se haya expandido. Existe factores que influyen en las frecuencias de alelos de una población, dichos factores pueden modificar esta frecuencia génica de las poblaciones [1].
Morbilidad sentida de enfermedad por virus del dengue en elCentro Universitario de Tonalá
Authors:   Universidad de Guadalajara, Tonalá, México, Pérez-Castellanos Nohemi , Casas-Alvarez Jorge ,   Universidad de Guadalajara, Tonalá, México, Cárdenas-León Alejandra ,   Universidad de Guadalajara, Tonalá, México, De Robles-Fregoso Alberto ,   Universidad de Guadalajara, Tonalá, México, Guardado-Becerra Abigail ,   Universidad de Guadalajara, Tonalá, México, Salcido-Ledesma Jennifer
Published: September 2023

El estado de Jalisco es una zona endémica del mosquito Aedes Aegypti, el cual actúa como vector del virus del dengue; y el Centro Universitario de Tonalá, al estar localizado geográficamente en la zona propicia para el ciclo de vida del mosquito, se encuentra en riesgo de actuar como foco de transmisión del mosquito que participa como vector del virus, tanto para comunidades cercanas a éste, así como para la comunidad universitaria que estudia dentro del mismo. Objetivo: El objetivo principal de nuestro estudio se centró en determinar la cantidad de casos sospechosos de dengue en estudian-tes del Centro Universitario de Tonalá. Métodos: Se trata de un estudio observacional, descriptivo y transversal, en el cual se determinó una muestra representativa por medio de la fórmula para poblaciones finitas de 353 personas y realizando un muestreo de tipo aleatorio simple, en el cual a las personas se les aplicó un cuestionario modificado del formato para estudios epidemiológicos de fiebre por dengue y fiebre hemorrágica por dengue de la Secretaría de Salud. Resultados: Se localizaron un total de 62 casos que cumplían los criterios para considerarse como casos sospechosos de fiebre por dengue. Discusión: Es necesario, con el fin de evitar que ésta zona se convierta en un foco de infección por virus de dengue, se concientice a la población universitaria acerca de los síntomas de dengue, y la importancia de acudir con un profesional de la salud para poder realizar las pruebas pertinentes para confirmar los casos
Atrofia muscular espinal
Authors:   Centro Universitario de Tonalá, Universidad de Guadalajara, Tonalá, México, Ramos-Aguirre Miroslava
Published: September 2023

Atrofia muscular espinal es un trastorno genético que afecta el control del movimiento muscular. Es causada por una pérdida de células nerviosas especializadas llamadas motoneuronas en la médula espinal. La pérdida de las neuronas de motor conduce a la debilidad y desgaste (atrofia) de los músculos voluntarios, que son usados para actividades como gatear, caminar, sentarse y controlar el movimiento de la cabeza. En casos severos de atrofia muscular espinal, los músculos de la respiración y la deglución están afectados. Hay muchos tipos de atrofia muscular espinal que se distingue por el patrón de características, gravedad de la debilidad muscular y la edad cuando comienzan los problemas musculares. La forma mas comun es la autonomica recesiva con inicio en el transcurso de la niñez. La SMA se ha dividido en tres grupos durante la etapa infantil, depende de la edad de inicio y la progresion clinica. Tiene una frecuencia de 1:6 000 a 1:10 000. Atrofia muscular espinal (también llamada enfermedad de Werdnig-Hoffman) de tipo I es una forma severa de la enfermedad que es evidente en el nacimiento o dentro de los primeros meses de vida. Los niños afectados son con retraso; la mayoría son incapaces de sostener su cabeza o sentarse sin ayuda. Los niños con este tipo tienen problemas para tragar y respiratorios que pueden conducir a asfixia o náuseas. La atrofia muscular espinal tipo II se caracteriza por debilidad muscular que se desarrolla en niños entre las edades 6 y 12 meses. Los niños con el tipo II puede sentarse sin apoyo, aunque pueden necesitar ayuda para ir a una posición sentada. Personas con este tipo de atrofia muscular espinal no pararse o caminar sin ayuda. Tipo III la atrofia muscular espinal (también llamada tipo juvenil o enfermedad de Kugelberg-Welander) tiene características más leves que normalmente se desarrollan entre la adolescencia y la primera infancia. Los individuos con tipo de atrofia muscular espinal III pueden levantarse y andar sin ayuda, pero caminar y subir escaleras pueden volverse cada vez más difícil.
Mucocele frontal: Presentación de caso clínico y revisión de la literatura
Authors:   Centro Universitario de Tonalá, Universidad de Guadalajara, Tonalá, México, Rodríguez-Sahagún Martha ,   Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara, México., Zamora-Díaz David ,   Centro Universitario de Tonalá, Universidad de Guadalajara, Tonalá, México,   Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara, México., Manjarrez-Cano Bidkar ,   Centro Universitario de Tonalá, Universidad de Guadalajara, Tonalá, México,   Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara, México., Fierro-Díaz María ,   Centro Universitario de Tonalá, Universidad de Guadalajara, Tonalá, México,   Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara, México.
Published: September 2023

Los mucoceles craneales son lesiones pseudoquísticas, descritas a principios del siglo XIX, se originan en una o varias cavidades de los senos paranasales y su evolución depende de la velocidad de expansión progresiva del área involucrada. La inflamación crónica de la mucosa está asociada con obstrucción de las vías naturales de drenaje de los senos paranasales. Hallazgos radiológicos El mucocele clásico es una lesión que se expande al seno paranasal debido a una obstrucción de su ostium de drenaje. En los mucoceles originados a nivel del receso supraorbitario del etmoides la expansión de la porción horizontal (el techo de la órbita), puede no verse en las radiografías comunes y extenderse la lesión dentro de la órbita provocando proptosis ocular y oftalmoplejías, por lo que este tipo de mucoceles deberá ser mejor estudiado con tomografía computarizada (TC). Conclusiones La tomografía computarizada es ideal para analizar la anatomía regional y extensión de la lesión. La resonancia magnética es de gran utilidad cuando se trata de realizar un diagnóstico diferencial con lesiones malignas o de comportamiento atípico con invasión de áreas críticas como la órbita y cavidad craneana.
Microphone Array Speech Enhancement Via Beamforming Based Deep Learning Network
Authors: Pathrose Jeyasingh , Ismail M Mohamed , Mohan P Madhan
Published: September 2023

In general, in-car speech enhancement is an application of the microphone array speech enhancement in particular acoustic environments. Speech enhancement inside the moving cars is always an interesting topic and the researchers work to create some modules to increase the quality of speech and intelligibility of speech in cars. The passenger dialogue inside the car, the sound of other equipment, and a wide range of interference effects are major challenges in the task of speech separation in-car environment. To overcome this issue, a novel Beamforming based Deep learning Network (Bf-DLN) has been proposed for speech enhancement. Initially, the captured microphone array signals are pre-processed using an Adaptive beamforming technique named Least Constrained Minimum Variance (LCMV). Consequently, the proposed method uses a time-frequency representation to transform the pre-processed data into an image. The smoothed pseudo-Wigner-Ville distribution (SPWVD) is used for converting time-domain speech inputs into images. Convolutional deep belief network (CDBN) is used to extract the most pertinent features from these transformed images. Enhanced Elephant Heard Algorithm (EEHA) is used for selecting the desired source by eliminating the interference source. The experimental result demonstrates the effectiveness of the proposed strategy in removing background noise from the original speech signal. The proposed strategy outperforms existing methods in terms of PESQ, STOI, SSNRI, and SNR. The PESQ of the proposed Bf-DLN has a maximum PESQ of 1.98, whereas existing models like Two-stage Bi-LSTM has 1.82, DNN-C has 1.75 and GCN has 1.68 respectively. The PESQ of the proposed method is 1.75%, 3.15%, and 4.22% better than the existing GCN, DNN-C, and Bi-LSTM techniques. The efficacy of the proposed method is then validated by experiments.
PEDAGOGIA HISTÓRICO-CRÍTICA E EDUCAÇÃO FÍSICA ESCOLAR: um trabalho educativo com com o conteúdo circo
Authors: Barbosa Fabrício Teixeira
Published: September 2023

Este trabalho tem por objetivo apresentar um relato de experiência sobre uma possibilidade de prática pedagógica com o Circo enquanto conteúdo. Nele, socializamos uma experiência pedagógica realizada nas aulas dessa disciplina com o conteúdo circo apresentando suas possibilidades e limites. O trabalho educativo desenvolvido com bases nos princípios da pedagogia histórico-crítica tratou de transmitir os conhecimentos históricos do Circo e das principais modalidades que perpassam por ele. Foi possível avaliar e identificar que os estudantes conseguiram compreender o Circo enquanto conteúdo da Educação Física escolar e especialmente como uma manifestação cultural da humanidade.
EXPERIÊNCIA INOVADORA NA EDUCAÇÃO FÍSICA ESCOLAR: RELATO DA PRÁTICA DE CHEERLEADING ENTRE CRIANÇAS E ADOLESCENTES
Authors: Santana William Ferraz de
Published: September 2023

Este relato traz o cheerleading, enquanto modalidade inovadora na prática de educação física, como possibilidade de trabalho em ambiente escolar que permita, às crianças e adolescentes, se expressarem por meio da prática. O objetivo foi analisar o desenvolvimento das crianças durante o ano letivo através das experiências, sensações e emoções por meio das expressões verbais e corporais à luz da fenomenologia. A metodologia baseou-se em pesquisa participativa, de forma que o investigador fosse parte do próprio fenômeno. Os resultados indicam o desenvolvimento das habilidades físicas, competências e valores, assim como melhora na autopercepção e da disposição do corpo e do rosto no espaço cênico, configurando o cheerleading como uma modalidade efetiva no engajamento de seus praticantes.
AS HISTÓRIAS INFANTIS E A CULTURA CORPORAL: A EXPERIÊNCIA DE UM CURSO COLABORATIVO
Authors: Barbosa Laiane Caldeira , Reis Yasmin Aparecida Lemos dos , Santos Mariana Gatto Lemos de Souza dos , Albuquerque Mariana , Silva Fabiolla Kattlheen Neves da , Sarti Renato
Published: September 2023

O trabalho em tela tem compromisso com a socialização da experiência de realização do I Curso Colaborativo de Histórias Infantis e Cultura Corporal, uma ação promovida por extensionistas do Laboratório de Histórias Infantis e Cultura Corporal (LabHIC), da Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro. Além disso, o presente artigo objetiva realizar uma análise geral das produções que surgiram como desdobramentos do referido curso, que foi organizado em dois momentos: as questões emergentes na educação básica; e as práticas corporais. Ao final do curso, a construção das sete histórias envolveu dezesseis autoras e autores, sendo oito docentes da educação básica e oito licenciandos/as. A análise das autorias aponta também para os diálogos entre vários estados do país, como Rio de Janeiro, Paraíba e Bahia. As reflexões exercitadas destacam autoria do público participante do curso e, sobretudo, diversificada interação dialógica na composição das parceiras para construção das histórias infantis.
PEDAGOGIA CRÍTICO SUPERADORA: NORTEANDO O TRABALHO PEDADÓGICO COM A CULTURA CORPORAL AFRO-BRASILEIRA NO ENSINO FUNDAMENTAL EM DUAS TURMAS DE 5 ANO.
Authors: Marques Guilherme Souza
Published: September 2023

O estudo tem com objetivo apresentar experiências de ensino e aprendizagem de Educação Física com enfoque nas práticas corporais afro-brasileiras no ensino Fundamental em duas turmas de quinto ano, em 2021. Para realizar o trabalho fizemos uma revisão bibliográfica no âmbito acadêmico sobre a temática e buscamos registrar nossa intervenção profissional. Alguns resultados foram percebidos com processo de reflexão em relação a elementos da cultura corporal afro-brasileira. Entre estes, o conteúdo lutas se destacou como movimento auxiliar na desmistificação de práticas que atravessam nossa vida cotidiana. Concluímos a necessidade de dar continuidade com as referidas experiências a fim de contribuir para as lutas históricas do povo negro trabalhador.
DECOLONIALIDADE E EDUCAÇÃO FÍSICA: EPISTEMES E PEDAGOGIAS OUTRAS COMO POSSIBILIDADE DE UMA EDUCAÇÃO ANTIRRACISTA
Authors: Formoso Felipe Guaraciaba
Published: September 2023

Resumo: Este trabalho é um recorte de uma pesquisa em andamento sobre decolonialidade e educação. O objetivo dele é tensionar as epistemologias na Educação Física se utilizando especialmente do fenômeno futebol para acessarmos agentes transgressores/as que possam problematizar as questões étnico-raciais atreladas a outros atravessamentos, propondo assim pedagogias decoloniais. É realizada uma metodologia pluriversal que conta desde o referencial teórico com pensadores/as subalternos/as. Os resultados preliminares nos permitem identificar possibilidades de desmontar a branquitude por meio das pesquisas e práticas no campo da educação. A Educação Física e o futebol são espaços fecundos para esta iniciativa.