bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Silent choker: Unveiling tracheal stenosis as an atypical manifestation of mucormycosis
Authors: Kaliya Mehul G. , Rathod Mittal C. , Deokar Kunal K. , Singhal Sanjay
Published: December 2023

Airway mucormycosis is a fatal opportunistic infection typically seen in immunocompromised individuals. In this case report, we present an unusual instance of tracheal stenosis in a patient with diabetes mellitus who had recently recovered from coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19). Our patient was a 69-year-old male with poorly controlled type-II diabetes mellitus, on oral hypoglycemic agents, who had successfully completed treatment for COVID-19. Approximately one month later, he developed a cough, fever and breathlessness. Several factors, including advanced age, history of smoking and tobacco chewing, the nodular appearance of the trachea on bronchoscopy, hypermetabolic wall of the trachea on positron emission tomography scan and dysplasia on biopsy, initially raised suspicion of malignancy. However, repeated biopsies from multiple sites confirmed the diagnosis of tracheal mucormycosis. The patient was treated with amphotericin-B and posaconazole. We extensively reviewed the literature and found only 14 reported cases to discuss compared to ours.
Preventive treatment for latent tuberculosis from Indian perspective
Authors: Hashim Zia , Tyagi Richa , Singh Gajendra Vikram , Nath Alok , Kant Surya
Published: December 2023

The persistent morbidity and mortality associated with tuberculosis (TB), despite our continued efforts, has been long recognized, and the rise in the incidence of drug-resistant TB adds to the preexisting concern. The bulk of the TB burden is confined to low-income countries, and rigorous efforts are made to detect, notify, and systematically treat TB. Efforts have been infused with renewed vigor and determination by the World Health Organization (WHO) to eliminate tuberculosis in the near future. Different health agencies worldwide are harvesting all possible strategies apart from consolidating ongoing practices, including prevention of the development of active disease by treating latent TB infection (LTBI). The guidelines for the same were already provided by the WHO and were then adapted in the Indian guidelines for the treatment of LTBI in 2021. While the long-term impact of TBI treatment is awaited, in this article, we aim to discuss the implications in the Indian context.
Combination therapy of nitazoxanide with oseltamivir compared with oseltamivir in hospitalized patients with seasonal influenza
Authors: Koul Parvaiz A. , Mir Hyder , Shah Tajamul H. , Jan Rafi A. , Shah Sanaullah , Qadri Syed Mudassir , Khan Umar Hafiz , Mehfooz Nazia , Bagdadi Farhana
Published: December 2023

Antiviral combinations have been proposed as treatment for influenza in order to increase the antiviral activity by action at different sites of action as well as obviate the emergence of drug resistance to the commonly used antiviral agents like oseltamivir. Nitazoxanide has been found to exhibit anti-influenza viral activity with clinical benefit in a previous study. We recruited 242 cases of SARI, among whon 67 were confirmed to have influenza viral infection. In a randomized blinded fashion, 34 patients received a combination of nitazoxanide and oseltamivir whereas 33 cases received oseltamivir alone. Clinical parameters were followed in both groups and the nasal swabs were re-tested on day 6 for influenza positivity and the cycle threshold (CT) values. No significant differences were observed in terms of time for resolution of fever, other symptoms, and SOFA scores. Nine patients succumbed during the course of the illness that included three in the oseltamivir group and six in the combination group. All but one of those who expired had an underlying co-morbid illness. Our preliminary data suggest that the addition of nitazoxanide does not improve outcomes in hospitalized patients with influenza. Larger studies are recommended for statistically robust conclusions.
Effect of delamanid on interim outcomes of bacteriological conversion amongst pediatric drug resistant tuberculosis cases in India
Authors: Kalawadia Dhruv , Gandhi Darshini , Dirkhipa Tsering Y. , Jaiswal Akanksha , Shah Daksha , Salve Jyoti , Parmar Malik , Sachdeva Kuldeep S , Bodhanwala Minnie , Shah Ira
Published: December 2023

Aim:

To determine the bacteriological conversion rate after 6 months of Delamanid (DLM) based treatment in children with drug-resistant tuberculosis (DR-TB) and determine factors associated with bacteriological conversion.

Methods:

This is a descriptive retrospective study done in children between the age of 6-17 years with DR-TB who received DLM-based therapy from October 2018 to May 2021. The drug resistance pattern of TB was detected using Xpert RIF/MTB and phenotypic drug sensitivity testing (DST) on TB-MGIT culture reports. Follow-up sputum TB MGIT culture was carried out monthly after DLM initiation for 6 months. Factors associated with sputum bacteriological conversion such as age, gender, pulmonary TB (PTB) versus disseminated TB, unilateral or bilateral lung involvement, type of DR-TB, prior treatment failure, and type of DR-TB regimen were analyzed.

Results:

Sixty patients received DLM of which two had extrapulmonary TB (EPTB) and sputum conversion could not be assessed. The mean age at presentation was 12.69 ± 3.03 years. Five patients (8.3%) died while on DLM treatment. On follow-up, 8 (13.7%) out of 58 patients had no sputum bacteriological conversion after 6 months of DLM initiation of which three patients were on salvage therapy; 46 (79.3%) had sputum bacteriological conversion within 6 months of DLM initiation.

Conclusion:

Sputum bacteriological conversion rate was almost 80% at the end of 6 months of DLM-based treatment.
Sublobar resection for metachronous stage I second primary non-small cell lung cancer: A single-centre experience
Authors: Yotsumoto Takuma , Fujimori Sakashi , Suzuki Souichiro , Kikunaga Shinichiro , Niitsuma Toru
Published: December 2023

Introduction:

More patients are developing second primary lung cancer (SPLC). This study aimed to evaluate the impact of the extent of SPLC resection on outcomes.

Material and Methods:

We retrospectively investigated 1,895 patients with lung cancer who underwent pulmonary resection from 2011 to 2018. SPLC was diagnosed using the criteria of Martini and Melamed. Patients with pathological stage I SPLC who underwent lobectomy for first primary lung cancer (FPLC) were included in the study. Outcomes and clinical factors that could affect survival were evaluated.

Results:

Fifty-four patients were eligible for the study. Lobectomy, segmentectomy, or wedge resection was performed for 10, 32, and 12 patients, respectively. Neither overall nor relapse-free survival was significantly different based on the extent of resection for stage I SPLC. Multivariate analysis revealed that interval between FPLC and SPLC of less than 5 years was an independent risk factors for worse relapse-free survival after SPLC resection (interval: hazard ratio, 0.28; P = 0.048). The median interval from prior resection to secondary resection was 68 months.

Conclusions:

Sublobar resection might be a realistic option for stage I SPLC. To realize early detection of SPLC that can undergo radical sublobar resection, the surveillance period after prior resection of FPLC is worth reconsidering.
Folate, vitamin B12, and homocysteine status in the Korean population: data from the 2013-2015 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey
Authors: Song Sihan , Song Bo Mi , Park Hyun-Young
Published: December 2023

OBJECTIVES: We aimed to assess the serum folate, vitamin B12, and homocysteine status in Korean adolescents and adults using national data.METHODS: Blood samples were collected from participants aged ≥10 years in the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2013-2015. The stored serum samples were used to measure folate, vitamin B12, and homocysteine concentrations. A total of 8,016 participants were included in this analysis. Unweighted descriptive statistics and adjusted geometric means of the B vitamins and homocysteine concentrations were estimated.RESULTS: Females had higher serum folate and vitamin B12 concentrations and lower serum homocysteine concentrations than males. Folate deficiency (<6.8 nmol/L) and hyperhomocysteinemia (>15 μmol/L) were found in 8.6% and 11.8% of males, respectively. Approximately 3% of males had low or marginally low vitamin B12 status (≤221 pmol/L). Folate and vitamin B12 deficiencies and hyperhomocysteinemia were found in <2% of females. Suboptimal folate status was prevalent among adolescents and young adults, while suboptimal vitamin B12 status and hyperhomocysteinemia were relatively higher in older adults. Adjusted mean homocysteine concentrations were sharply decreased from the first to second decile of serum folate in males.CONCLUSIONS: In the Korean population, the proportion of males who achieved desirable folate and homocysteine concentrations were lower than those of females. Although most Koreans have adequate vitamin B12, a suboptimal folate status is common, particularly among adolescents and young adults. These findings could establish a foundation for public health initiatives aimed at improving folate levels in the Korean population.
Damage Prediction and Crashworthiness Optimization of FOBEVs in
Positive Crashes for Battery Electric Vehicles
Authors: Liu Ke , Liao Yinghua , Wang Hongrui , Xue Xiangdong , Liu Changzhao
Published: December 2023

The Mobile Progressive Deformable Barrier (MPDB) is a standardized automotive
crash scenario that comprehensively evaluates the safety of battery-electric
vehicles (BEVs) in a crash. In an accident, the deformation pattern of the Front
of Battery Electric Vehicle (FOBEV) structure, the efficiency of energy
absorption, the acceleration pulse, and the degree of intrusion into the
passenger compartment combine to affect the safety of the driver and passengers.
In order to simulate and calculate the damage state of FOBEV in MPDB more
efficiently and to construct a collision damage dataset in the entire velocity
domain, a FOBEV equivalent model is proposed. The acceleration pulses from
numerical simulations and impact tests were compared to verify the model’s
validity. On this basis, the prediction accuracies of the Support Vector Machine
model (SVM), Gaussian Process Regression model (GPR), and BP neural network
model (BP) in FOBEV collision events are compared and analyzed, and BP is taken
as the most suitable model and further improved. Taking a BEV under development
as an example, the application of the accident damage prediction method based on
the FOBEV equivalent model in the optimal design of BEV crashworthiness is
illustrated. The results show that the constructed FOBEV equivalent model
exhibits high consistency in the impact test. The accuracy of the improved
Tent-SSA BP model increased by 34.85%. The neural network prediction technique
with multiple input parameters is used to study the crash damage of FOBEVs over
the entire speed range, revealing the relationship between the parameters of
FOBEVs on the crashworthiness of BEVs in highly nonlinearly varying crashes.
Development of a Novel Anti-Impact Magnetorheological Damper with Pressure Relief Channel
Authors: Jiang Lan , Gong Ning , Hu Tao , Pan LiYan , Sun Shuaishuai
Published: December 2023

Conventional magnetorheological dampers (CMRD) generate damping force through the flow of magnetorheological fluid in a narrow passage. However, due to the fixed geometry of the passage, the damping force is linearly proportional to the velocity. This structural limitation results in significant damping forces at high speeds, severely impacting the energy dissipation efficiency of the damper. This flaw poses a substantial threat to both occupants and mechanical structures. In response to this limitation, this research endeavors to engineer a novel impact-resistant MR damper (NMRD) by augmenting the traditional MR damper’s architecture with an innovative internal channel furnished with an embedded circular permanent magnet. During instances of high-velocity impacts, this specialized channel selectively opens to attenuate impact forces. This augmentation serves to significantly heighten the soft landing impact resistance of flying cars while concurrently enhancing passenger comfort. A prototype of this pioneering MR damper was manufactured alongside a conventional counterpart for comparison. By simulation analysis and comprehensive experiments conducted on an MTS machine, this study verifies the superior impact resistance of the new MR damper. The experimental setup also encompassed drop hammer tests using a specialized platform to assess both dampers’ performance under identical conditions. The experimental results indicate the excellent impact resistance of this novel impact-resistant MR damper.
Semi-Active Control Strategy of Shimmy of Straddle-Type Monorail
Vehicle and Its Effectiveness Analysis
Authors: Zhou Junchao , Huang Shangwu , Gao Jianjie
Published: December 2023

As an important way of energy saving and environmental protection, the lateral
stability of straddle-type monorail vehicle (STMV) has attracted more and more
attention. In order to solve this problem, a semi-active lateral control
strategy of STMV dynamic model based on magnetorheological fluid damper is
proposed. The inverse model of magnetorheological damper is constructed by
neural network. An adaptive neural fuzzy algorithm for STMV dynamic model based
on body acceleration and velocity feedback is designed, and its feasibility is
verified by Kalman filter method. Through the simulation comparison of lateral
acceleration and yaw angular acceleration, the control method has good
measurement accuracy and can meet the needs of practical engineering
measurement. It provides a method and basis for the stability and effectiveness
of STMV swing semi-active control.
Research on Switchable Energy-Regenerative Suspension
System
Authors: Xie Yilong , Tan Bohuan , Liu Jingang , Li Hai , Tan Xingui
Published: December 2023

Electromagnetic energy-regenerative suspension can convert the kinetic energy
generated by the suspension vibration into electrical energy for energy
recovery. However, most research has focused on achieving maximum
energy-regenerative efficiency without simultaneously considering the
suspension’s damping control, leading to suboptimal vibration damping
performance. This paper proposes a novel switchable energy-regenerative
suspension (SERS) system, which includes an electromagnetic damper (EMD) and a
switchable circuit. First, a detailed description of the mechanical structure
and the switchable circuit structure of SRES, and their working principles, is
provided. Within the switchable circuit, a double-throw switch is used to
connect the damping control module and the energy recovery module. Based on
this, the system can switch between these two modules, balancing both vibration
damping performance and energy recovery functionalities. Then, corresponding
dynamic model is developed. In the damping control model, adjusting the
resistance value of the load resistor can alter the system’s damping to achieve
better vibration damping performance and enhance driving comfort. In the energy
recovery module, adjusting the duty cycle of the PWM signal input to the MOSFET
can maintain a stable output voltage, ensuring a continuous and smooth power
supply to the energy storage device. In order to obtained a better vibration
damping performance, a dynamic controller for adjusting damping is designed. The
simulation analysis is conducted, which demonstrates the proposed SERS system
can significantly improve vibration damping performance of suspensions and shows
excellent energy recovery performance.
Research on Vibration Control and Energy Study of Vehicle
Electromagnetic Suspension Based on Sliding Mode Control
Authors: Zhou Xiangru , Liu Pengfei , Ning Donghong , Yu Jianqiang , Du Haiping
Published: December 2023

This article proposes an electromagnetic damper (EMD) based on a ball screw
mechanical structure actuator. To prove the damping effect of the new damper
proposed in this paper. In this paper, the EMD suspension is validated on a
quarter vehicle suspension. A mathematical model of quarter vehicle suspension
is developed and a sliding mode variable structure controller is designed. This
sliding mode controller enables vibration control of the suspension and improves
ride comfort. To make the EMD track the ideal current effectively, a variable
resistance circuit that can change the electromagnetic damping force is proposed
to achieve the graded adjustment of resistance. A semi-active vehicle vibration
control strategy was designed, and experiments were conducted using a
quarter-vehicle test platform to verify the vibration-damping performance of
this EMD suspension. The energy transfer to the road was analyzed and the higher
the variable resistance, the more energy is transferred to the vehicle. The
experimental results show that the EMD suspension reduces the acceleration RMS
by 25.53 %, 23.57 % and 16.48 % under sinusoidal, bump and random road
conditions, respectively, compared to the passive suspension. This ensures that
the dynamic travel of the suspension and the dynamic loading of the tire is
within reasonable limits. The energy of the road surface, the energy consumed by
the EMD, the energy transferred to the tire and the energy of the vehicle were
also analysed. The experimental results show that the lower the resistance in
the EMD circuit, the less energy is transferred to the vehicle, and that the EMD
suspension reduces the energy transferred from the road surface to the vehicle
by 8 % compared to the passive suspension under random road conditions. The
experiment proves that it greatly improves the comfort of the vehicle while
ensuring the stability of vehicle control.
Aeroengine Gas Path Parameter Trend Prediction Based on LSTM
Authors: Liu Yuan , Chen Xiaonan , Lin Zhou , Wang Yi-shou , Zhou Qifeng , Qing Xinlin
Published: December 2023

Accurately predicting the trend of aero-engine gas path parameters is crucial for ensuring safe flight and enabling condition-based maintenance. However, the demanding and uncertain service environment introduces challenges in dealing with the noisy and non-stationary data collected by engine gas path sensors. Traditional time series models struggle to accurately predicts parameter trends, resulting in insufficient fitting and prediction accuracy. In this paper, we address these challenges by leveraging the characteristics of engine post-flight data and introducing Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM), a type of artificial neural network in deep learning. We construct both single-feature input and multi-feature input LSTM prediction models for six key indicators of engine gas path performance. We analyze the models' capabilities for single-step and multistep predictions. To evaluate the effectiveness of our approach, we compare the LSTM model with the traditional Autoregressive Moving Average (ARMA) model and support vector regression (SVR) method. The results demonstrate that the LSTM model outperforms the traditional ARMA and SVR models in terms of prediction accuracy and stability. This indicates that utilizing LSTM is an effective approach for improving the accuracy of engine gas path parameter prediction. By accurately predicting these parameters, we can enhance flight safety and enable more efficient condition based maintenance.
Multi-Objective Optimization of Airport Baggage Transport Vehicles’
Scheduling Based on Improved Genetic Algorithm
Authors: Jiang Han , Zhang Jian , Zhang Haiyan , Qian Pinzheng
Published: December 2023

Transporting baggage is critical in airport ground support services to ensure
smooth flight operations. However, the scheduling of baggage transport vehicles
faces challenges related to low efficiency and high costs. A multi-objective
optimization vehicle scheduling model is proposed to address these issues,
considering time and space costs, vehicle utilization, and passenger waiting
time. An improved genetic algorithm (IGA) based on the large-scale neighborhood
search algorithm is proposed to solve this model. The simulation experiment is
conducted using actual flight data from an international airport. The IGA
algorithm is compared with the standard genetic algorithm (SGA) based on
experimental results, revealing that the former achieves convergence in a
significantly shorter time. Moreover, the scheduling paths of baggage cars that
violate flight service time window requirements are significantly lower in the
final scheduling scheme under the IGA algorithm than in SGA. Additionally, there
is a 14.89% reduction in total scheduling costs compared to SGA. The results
indicate that the proposed model and algorithm are feasible and effective, which
can provide a reference for the actual operation of the airport.
A Prophase Simulation Study of Fuel Cell-Battery Hybrid System for eVTOL Aircraft in Steady-State Operation
Authors: Qin Yuan , Zhang Xinfeng , Zhang Houcheng , Li Wenhao , Lin Ye , Yue Han
Published: December 2023

Electric vertical take-off and landing (eVTOL) is defined as vertical lift aircraft propelled by electric power and capable of carrying people. Based on the system of battery powered CY300 eVTOL, a fuel cell-battery hybrid system (FBHS) in steady-state operation as a potential propulsion system for CY300 eVTOL is proposed. In order to analyze the feasibility of FBHS-powered eVTOL system, a mathematical model is established to evaluate the proposed system performance considering various irreversible effects. Furthermore, considerable sensitivity analyses indicate that the payload of the proposed system is considerably benefited by a higher specific energy of the battery system, specific power of the fuel cell system and hydrogen storage ratio of the hydrogen tank. Hydrogen tank weight decreases the payload while enhances the hovering time. DoH accounts for power balancing between two power sources, and affects the impacts of different design parameters on the performance of the proposed FBHS. In order to achieve a long endurance eVTOL with a cruise time of more than 30 min and a payload rate of more than 30%, the specific energy of the battery system in this proposed FBHS needs to be greater than 500 Wh/kg, and the specific power of the fuel cell system needs to reach more than 1000 W/kg. For hydrogen storage technology selections, high pressure gaseous hydrogen storage technologies are suitable enough for short-range eVTOLs, but liquid hydrogen powered eVTOLs can be an ideal solution for long-endurance aircraft. The results acquired may be helpful in designing and optimizing such an actual power system.
Research on Energy Management of Micro-Gas Turbine Range Extended
Electric Vehicle Based on Battery Life Prediction
Authors: Zichong Li , Liu Liang , Xu Zhaoping
Published: December 2023

In this work, in order to reduce the overall cost of the micro-gas turbine range
extended electric vehicle (MGT-REEV), the energy management strategies of the
micro gas turbine range extender were discussed. The overall vehicle cost
includes equivalent fuel cost and battery loss cost. We defined a cost function
to qualify the overall vehicle cost and three rule-based energy management
strategies were built and compared. The REEV model was built based on the Cruise
platform, energy management strategies were built based on Matlab. We discussed
thermostat strategy, the constant speed multi-point strategy and optimal curve
multi-point strategy under Worldwide Harmonized Light Vehicles Test Cycle
(WLTC). The results showed that the constant multi-point strategy had a better
effect on reducing the vehicle overall result compared with the other two
control. Finally, the multi-objective genetic algorithm based on Isight software
was used to optimize the selection of multiple operating points to optimize the
vehicle overall cost. The optimized constant speed energy management strategy
reduced the overall cost by 6.08% compared to the thermostat strategy. In brief,
through the above comparisons and optimization, the influences of different
energy management strategies on fuel consumption and battery loss were revealed,
which provides a good reference for engineering applications.
Design and Evaluation of Electric Propulsion System for Electric
VTOL
Authors: Li Hongliang , Wang Lijian , Kang Yuanli
Published: December 2023

Electric vertical take-off and landing aircraft (eVTOL) has become a main trend
in general aviation. Battery, power electronic and motor have made big progress
in the last decades, most companies and research institutions are focusing on
the development of 2-5 seat (2 tons maximum takeoff weight) eVTOL products and
strat to put into market. This paper tried to defines the design and analysis
process of electric propulsion system taking 2-ton eVTOL as an example. Firstly,
the parameters of the aircraft is defined and the power and energy consumption
was analyzed based on flight phase. Secondly, the electric propulsion system
architecture is defined based on the aircraft design. The design and evaluation
of propeller, motor, motor controller and battery were carried out respectively.
The optimal design of propeller in hover stage and cruise stage is conducted.
Based on the existing products, the selection of the motor and motor controller
are conducted, and the matching design with the propeller is analyzed. According
to the power and energy requirements of the aircraft, the tradeoff of battery
energy density and discharge rate is performed. Finally, the power and energy
consumption are re-checked for flight phase. Based on the evaluation in this
paper, it is concluded that the current technical status of battery and electric
propulsion system can meet the target of 200km range.
MPPT Control of Solar Powered UAV Photovoltaic Power Supply Based on
Intelligent Sliding Mode
Authors: Xiao Lingfei , Shen Bin , Wei Ye , Meng Xiangshuo
Published: December 2023

Solar powered UAV mainly relies on solar energy for range, it uses photovoltaic
cells to convert solar radiant energy into electric energy for the use of solar
powered UAV energy system. In response to the issue of solar powered UAV
photovoltaic power supply energy utilization efficiency, an intelligent sliding
mode based MPPT control method is proposed to maximize the output power of
photovoltaic power supply. Firstly, introduce and analyze the photovoltaic cell
model and its output characteristics; Secondly, the DC/DC converter and its MPPT
control technology are introduced. Traditional MPPT control methods such as
perturbation and observation and incremental conductance have poor adaptability
to external environmental changes, the intelligent algorithm has the
characteristics of fast rate of convergence and global search, etc. Therefore,
on the basis of sliding mode control, this article introduces genetic algorithm
for multi-objective function parameter tuning of sliding mode control law,
forming an intelligent sliding mode MPPT control method based on genetic
algorithm, which has good adaptability; Finally, three control strategies for
photovoltaic power supply MPPT control of solar powered UAV are simulated and
analyzed in the MATLAB environment, the simulation results show that all three
control strategies can achieve good tracking performance when external
environmental conditions change, Among them, intelligent sliding mode control
has obvious anti-interference ability, achieving the fastest steady-state
response speed, the smallest steady-state oscillation amplitude, and the
shortest steady-state oscillation time. Overall, its tracking effect is the
best, and it can effectively achieve MPPT control of solar powered UAV
photovoltaic power supply.
The Energy Consumption Characteristics of Electric Vehicles in the
Coastal Area Based on the Powertrain
Authors: Zhao Zunlong , Liao Peng , Wang Tao , Ning Donghong
Published: December 2023

The sensitivity of the electric vehicle (EV) energy consumption characteristics
has seriously hindered the promotion and development of vehicle electrification
in the coastal area, as quantities of additional energy are caused by the
complex and ever-changing coastal driving conditions. In that case, this paper
aims to clarify the quantitative impacts of coastal driving conditions on EV
energy consumption characteristics based on the coastal traffic data and the EV
powertrain. Firstly, this paper analyzes the coastal driving conditions with the
help of multisource traffic data. Secondly, the costal-adapted EV energy
consumption model is constructed to reveal the relationship between powertrain
performance and coastal driving conditions. Next, the EV coastal driving
framework is proposed to identify the EV driving state in the coastal area.
Finally, the EV energy consumption spatiotemporal characteristics in a typical
coastal road are discussed with the help of simulations. The results show that
coastal driving conditions have great impacts on the EV energy consumption
characteristics, where the temporal difference of EV energy consumption in
coastal areas is as high as 19.4%, causing a 19.1% difference in the SOC, and
the EV spatial energy consumption characteristics are deteriorated by the high
road slope and reversed wind direction once the EV velocity and acceleration are
relatively large.
Attitude Stability Control and Visualization Simulation for Vertical Take-Off and Landing (VTOL) Fixed-Wing Aircraft
Authors: Li Wei , Shi Jiekai , Wang Fang , Bai Jie
Published: December 2023

Direct debugging of a vertical takeoff and landing (VTOL) fixed-wing aircraft’s control system can easily result in risk and personnel damage. It is effectively to employ simulation and numerical methods to validate control performance. In this paper, the attitude stabilization controller for VTOL fixed-wing aircraft is designed, and the controller performance is verified by MATLAB and visual simulation software, which significantly increases designed efficiency and safety of the controller. In detail, we first develop the VTOL fixed-wing aircraft’s six degrees of freedom kinematics and dynamics models using Simulink module, and the cascade PID control technique is applied to the VTOL aircraft’s attitude stabilization control. Then the visual simulation program records the flight data and displays the flight course and condition, which can validate the designed controller performance effectively. It can be concluded that the designed VTOL fixed-wing aircraft control visual simulation system, can demonstrate the effectiveness of the control algorithm, which has a wide range of potential applications.
Adaptive Robust Tracking Control for Underactuated Quadrotor Unmanned
Aerial Vehicle with Prescribed Performance
Authors: Yang Yichen , Zhang Zheshuo , Zhang Bangji , Bai Jie
Published: December 2023

Quadrotor unmanned aerial vehicle (Q-UAV) is an underactuated system, which is
often used in complex environments, such as maintenance tasks in pipelines.
However, flying in pipelines will lead to strong ground effect, implying that
the Q-UAV will face time-varying uncertainties. Since the flight space is
limited, it needs to achieve agile and high-security flight to avoid collisions.
This research proposes an adaptive robust tracking control method to ensure that
the Q-UAV can complete the agile and high-security flight missions. Agile and
high-security flight is guaranteed by achieving prescribed transient and
steady-state performance (PTSSP). Our approach takes into account (potentially
rapid) time-varying uncertainties with unknown bounds. We formulate the desired
flight altitude and attitude trajectories as equality constraints and the PTSSP
as inequality constraints, and use state transformation approach to transform
the inequality constraints into equality constraints. Simulation results
showcase the superior performance of the proposed control method. This study
represents endeavor to accomplish agile and high-security flight of Q-UAV while
considering (potentially rapid) time-varying uncertainties stemming from complex
environments.
Implementation of Predictive Adaptive Cruise Control Strategy Based
on ADAS Map
Authors: Qian Guoping , Lu Zhenghua , Tian Juntao , Liu Lianfang , Xi Chong , Zhou Xiaoying
Published: December 2023

Heavy vehicles are major fuel consumers in road transportation, and the
traditional way to reduce fuel consumption is to reduce weight, resistance,
improve mechanical transmission efficiency, and improve engine thermal
efficiency. However, European heavy-duty truck companies took the lead in
realizing predictive cruise control (PCC) technology on the basis of cruise
through intelligent network technology, based on ADAS maps, and achieved good
fuel saving effects. In this paper, by studying the fuel consumption
characteristics of trucks, designing the dynamic parameters of the load and
whole vehicle, the predictive adaptive cruise control (PACC) technology is
realized based on the predictive cruise strategy, and the statistics of fuel
saving rate under different cruise ratio conditions are analyzed through the big
data platform.
Energy and Power System Design and Test Verification for Electric
VTOL
Authors: Li Hongliang , Luo Zhongpei , Dong Wei , Wang Fujing
Published: December 2023

Electric technology has gradually changed the form of energy use in
transportation. Electric vertical take-off and landing aircraft (eVTOL) will
become an important means of transportation in the future, bringing significant
changes to urban transportation and providing a more convenient and comfortable
travel experience for people. eVTOLs are being extensively researched and
developed by the global aviation industry as well as by many innovative
technology companies. In this paper, we focus on the system design and testing
of the four-axis and eight-propeller eVTOL. The overall parameters of the
aircraft are defined, and the energy and power architecture design and analysis
are carried out. Carry out the hybrid power supply design of lithium battery and
fuel cell, and complete the parameter matching design of power system. The
lithium battery and fuel cell hybrid power supply, single propeller test, dual
propeller test, system integration verification were carried out, and finally
the bench test was carried out to verify the feasibility of the scheme.
ECtHR: Żurek v. Poland (Application No. 39650/18, 16 June 2022)
Authors: Wojtanowski Mateusz
Published: December 2023

The article is devoted to the analysis of the judge's freedom of expression in a constitutional crisis, using the ECtHR case of Żurek v. Poland as an illustration. The argument begins with a discussion of the facts of the case and the judgment. At this point, I argue that the category of discriminatory legalism is relevant to the facts of the case. Further, two interrelated problems are addressed, which are considered to be particularly relevant for the expression of the judge in the course of the constitutional crisis. These are: 1) the relevance of Article 10 in relation to speaking in one's professional (here: judicial) capacity, and 2) an attempt to determine whether the judge's opposition to a constitutional crisis is an exercise of his or her freedom or a duty. On both issues, I also present the position of Judge Wojtyczek, who challenged the majority views in his separate opinion (partly dissenting, partly concurring). I believe that the disagreement between Wojtyczek and the majority goes to fundamental philosophical-legal issues and can be described as a friction between the analytical and post-analytical approaches to law.
CJEU: WM and Sovim SA v. Luxembourg Business Registers (Joined Cases C-37/20 and C-601/20)
Authors: Zigo Daniel
Published: December 2023

Rules against money laundering and terrorist financing are an area of law in which the European Union is significantly active and introduces many innovations. Public registers of beneficial ownership were one of the crucial tools with which this legislation promoted the openness of corporate structures in the European environment. For this reason, the judgment of the European Court of Justice in the Joined Cases C-37/20 and C-601/20, WM and Sovim SA v. Luxembourg Business Registers, which cancelled public access to beneficial ownership registers, caused an immense response. Part of the public sees this step as a major blow to the transparency and part as a victory for the rights of individuals. This paper explains the factual situation in the given case, summarises the Advocate General's opinion and analyses the reasons that led the Court to the presented conclusions. The author also reflects on the jurisprudence of the Court, which led to the issuance of this decision and its importance in the field of AML and the protection of the right to privacy in general. Based on these facts, the conclusion presents the possible development of future beneficial ownership registers in the EU.
Administrative Law without Borders
Authors: Handrlica Jakub
Published: December 2023

An international conference, entitled “Administrative Law without Borders” was organised by the Faculty of Law, University of Košice in the municipality Veľká Třňa, which is situated in the very heart of the Slovak area of the Tokaj wine region. The conference was organised under the research project “Extraterritorial effects of foreign administrative decisions in the European Union”, which has been supported by the Scientific Agency VEGA. The Košice-based research team, under the leadership of Associate Professor Radomír Jakab, has been dealing with various problems arising from mutual recognition of foreign administrative decisions for several years, and the conference, as organised on 19th and 20th October 2023 in the Tokaj Wine Region, represents one of the major academic meetings organised under the umbrella of this academic endeavour.
Law Students Providing Legal Support in an International Hate Speech Project (Part 2)
Authors: Žatková Sandra
Published: December 2023

The previous report from 2022 presented a newly started international anti-hate speech project with the participation of students from the Faculty of Law of the Comenius University in Bratislava. Despite the EU-funded project started in April 2022, in December of the same year, we were already able to present tangible results. At the end of 2023, the project can be described as fully established and set to reach its ambitious goals thanks to the synergy among students, volunteers and the client Forum for Human Rights (“FORUM”). This report is a follow-up to the first one and presents new interesting developments and challenges. It focuses on the role of students, aspiring young professionals, in protecting the human rights of Roma people.
Entrepreneurial Learning: Creating Value towards Social Justice
Authors: Du Toit Adri
Published: December 2023

Economic equality contributes towards social justice through equal access to opportunities for employment, income generation, or starting businesses. Entrepreneurship is often viewed as the panacea for job creation and reducing unemployment. Entrepreneurship education, therefore, supports the development and expansion of learners’ knowledge and understanding of entrepreneurship. The notion is that when more learners opt to become entrepreneurs, economic inequality will be reduced. Entrepreneurship education continues to be studied for its contribution towards attaining social justice through economic equality. Recent literature, however, indicates a notable shift towards embracing a broader perspective of entrepreneurship education rather than only lauding it for its economic value creation. Numerous contemporary publications use the term entrepreneurial learning rather than entrepreneurship education. This shift emphasises the role of learners to learn self-directedly so as to think entrepreneurially or behave in an entrepreneurial manner rather than educators teaching them to “become entrepreneurs” (i.e., starting a business). Entrepreneurial learning intends to benefit not only the entrepreneurship learner but also purposefully endeavours to create value for others. The current conceptual paper focuses on this broader value-creation purpose of entrepreneurial learning and how this different view can contribute to attaining social justice if embedded in the South African school curriculum using a socio-constructivist theoretical framework. Conceptual recommendations are made for the optimal construction of entrepreneurial learning in upcoming curriculum adaptations to buttress its broader value-creation purpose in support of social justice.
South African Legal Framework to Prepare Pre-Service Teacher Education Programmes: A Freirean Approach
Authors: Langeveldt Dean Collin , Pietersen Doniwen , Van Wyk Arrie
Published: December 2023

The education sector in South Africa is governed by a complex legal framework that outlines guidelines, policies and standards for pre-service teacher education programmes. In order to prepare pre-service teachers for the classroom, universities must navigate this legal framework and ensure that their programmes comply with the requirements set forth by various regulatory bodies. However, the authors argue that these requirements are not enough to prepare student teachers for the classroom. Rather, by using Paulo Freire’s critical pedagogy as a theoretical lens, they argue that student teachers should be conscientized to become agents of change in the classroom and promote social justice, while adhering to legal guidelines in their teacher training. Furthermore, education spaces need to consider the context of schools and higher education institutions, student society, teaching and scientific endeavours, educational administration, pedagogical imageology and intercultural education to address these standardisation challenges. Through a desktop analysis, this article provides an overview of the legal framework for integrating learning into pre-service teacher education programmes in South Africa. The study asks: what are the legal requirements and guidelines that universities must follow to prepare pre-service teachers for the classroom in South Africa? To answer this question, the authors conducted a literature review of relevant legal frameworks and guidelines, including legal documentations, case law, academic literature and publications from professional organisations. The research methodology primarily consisted of a search for literature using specific search terms and databases. The article provides recommendations for how universities can effectively navigate the legal framework in training pre-service teachers, drawing on key findings from the literature review. These include the need for universities to ensure that their teacher education programmes are socially just.
Debunking Critical Theory’s ‘Indoctrination’ Charge: Provisional Notes on Critical Diversity Literacy Pedagogy
Authors: Steyn Melissa , Vanyoro Kudzaiishe
Published: December 2023

Several decades after the abolishment of the formal slave trade, the administrative colonisation of Africa by Europe, and the adoption of progressive international human rights laws for equality, there is no doubt that pro-social justice education is facing a massive backlash from the far right globally. As critical diversity studies teaching and learning practitioners and facilitators, we address how the normative order seeks to legitimise anti-social justice discourses using invalidated assumptions, including the myth that critical theoretical education employs indoctrination. We show how our work is about making visible the baseless and groundless nature of arguments made by the far right in their dismissal of critical theory (CT). Using experiences from teaching and learning in the Theories of Diversity, Otherness & Difference postgraduate course at the Wits Centre for Diversity Studies (WiCDS), we show how CT is a pivotal pedagogical banister for the 21st century. A banister is a support structure along the rails of a staircase. CT in critical diversity studies (CDS) incorporates anti-foundational thinking, which assumes no fixed theoretical resting place as this simplifies the complexity of diversity issues. Overall, this article concludes that far from being a form of ‘indoctrination’, as is argued by the far right, CT is a useful pedagogical banister for our existence in the 21st century.
KEADILAN SEBAGAI MAQĀṢID AL-ḌARŪRIYYĀT DALAM KEBUTUHAN SOSIAL MODERN
Authors: MZ Husamuddin , Efendi Sumardi , Khamisan Khamisan , Risaldi Merta
Published: December 2023

The reconstruction agenda occurred in the early era of the emergence of the theory of maqāṣid al-syarīah, starting from the era of Al-Syafi'ī who is considered to be the first figure to use the term maqāṣid al-syarīah, up to the era of Muhammad Al-Ṭāhir Ibn 'Āsyūr who tried to apply this theory in the world real. There is a change in construction in the theory of maqāṣid al-syarīah, following changes in the context of maqāṣid al-ḍarūriyyāt in Al-Kullīyāt Al-Khamsah. This research examines the value of justice as maqāṣid al-ḍaruriyyāt in modern social needs. This research is library research, with descriptive analysis methods. The research results found; Firstly, the construction of al-kulliyyat al-khamsah has essentially begun to have discussions and differences regarding the placement of the order of emergency levels in the early eras. Second, the fundamental values of maqāṣid al-syarī'ah have been concluded using inductive methods (istiqra') by figures such as Al-Ghazālī, 'Izz Al-Dīn Ibn 'Abd Al- Salām and Al-Syāṭibī. According to 'Abdullah Saeed, Muhammad Al-Ghazalī and Luai Ṣāfī, in the modern era a number of new values can be developed using the istiqra method', new human rights that are important today can contain the universality of values. One of the important and fundamental values in religious texts as part of human rights which is a modern social need is 'justice', making it relevant as a fundamental maqāṣid and as a maqāṣid kullī which includes various aspects of maqāṣid juz'ī.
PENGARUH SYARIAH DALAM PRAKTEK BISNIS MIKRO DAN KECIL
Authors: A Natsir Andi Fadhilah , Saeni Jufri
Published: December 2023

This article aims to analyze the influence of sharia in micro and small business practices. The method used is library research, where the data collection is by understanding and examining and studying the theories contained in books, articles, journals, and previous research results as a reference that is relevant between the theory that is recognized with the theme raised. The result of this paper is that the influence of sharia in micro and small business practices is to provide dedication in the form of services and products that provide benefits to many people and stay away from goods that provide mudharat. Then in terms of price, it is also regulated so as not to make it difficult for consumers so that the products and services offered are commensurate with the price offered.
Banka Çalışanlarının Ekonomi ve Finans Bileşenlerine Yönelik Okuryazarlık Düzeyinin Belirlenmesi: Erzincanve Elazığ İlleri Örneği
Authors: Sağlamyürek Taşdemir Seda
Published: December 2023

Günümüzde hızla değişen ekonomik koşullara ve beraberinde çeşitliliği artan finansal araçlara bireylerin uyum sağlaması zorunlu hale gelmiştir. Bireylerin, yaşamları boyunca finansal kararlar alabilmesi, rasyonel yatırım yapabilmesi ve ekonomik olayları yorumlayabilmesi için ekonomi ya da başa bir deyişle finansal okuryazarlık konusunda gereken bilgi birikimine sahip olması gerekmedir. Dolayısıyla ekonomi ve finansal bileşenlere ait verileri okuma ve yorumlama becerisinin toplumun bütün kesimlerine kendi ihtiyaçlarını karşılayacak düzeyde verilmesi gerekmektedir. Banka çalışanlarının ekonomi ve finans bileşenlerine yönelik okuryazarlık düzeyini belirlemeyi amaçlayan bu çalışma, 25.04. 2023 – 16.08.2023 tarihleri arasında Elazığ ve Erzincan illerinde faaliyet gösteren bankalardaki 220 banka çalışanına anket uygulanarak yapılmıştır. Banka çalışanlarının verileri t testi ve tek yönlü Anowa ile test edilmiştir. Elde edilen sonuçlara göre kadın banka çalışanlarının ekonomi ve finansal bileşenlere yönelik okuryazarlık seviyelerinin erkek banka çalışanlarına oranla daha yüksek olduğu, araştırmaya katılan banka çalışanlarının genel başarı düzeylerinin ise % 63 ile orta düzeyde bir seyir izlediği görülmüştür.