bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Suma wszystkich nadziei. Nowy podręcznik prawa rzymskiego
Authors: Grebieniow Aleksander
Published: September 2024

The article presents a book review of a recently published handbook of Roman law in Tubingen. The reviewer focuses on the concept adopted by the authors of the textbook, its systematics and the methodology of the work. The article concludes with an observation that the authors should rethink what Roman law can offer to the world today so as not to cease to exist.
Teoria własności Johna Locke'a a prawo rzymskie
Authors: Nocuń Mateusz Jerzy
Published: September 2024

Although John Locke was brought up in the common law tradition, he formulated his theory of property based on the conceptual framework of Roman law and its catalogue of legal problems. Locke was interested in the pre-political origins of property in natural law. His position, although coinciding with some intuitions of Roman jurists, is not confirmed by the probable genesis of Roman property which stems from the political community. The most characteristic feature of John Locke"s doctrine on property is the recognition of work as a source of property. Roman was much more closely related to possession than to work. John Locke"s theory of acquisition of ownership is a characteristic example of the early modern period when the factual criteria were rejected in favour of economic ones. John Locke treated ownership as a legitimate reward for work. For the Romans ownership was above all part of the world in which they lived.
Ponowne wykorzystywanie danych badawczych
Authors: Piskorz-Ryń Agnieszka
Published: September 2024

This article evaluates the new EU regulatory policy concerning research data. To this end, it seeks to determine to what extent the demands of open science have been implemented by the EU and national legislators. The article examines the provisions of Directive (EU) 2019/1024 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 20 June 2019 on open data and the re-use of public sector information (recast) and those of the Polish Act of 11 August 2021 on open data and the re-use of public sector information.
Uzgodnienia między organem podatkowym a stroną wobec modelu postępowania podatkowego
Authors: Filipczyk Hanna Patrycja
Published: September 2024

W artykule omówiono teoretyczną (pojęciową) możliwość dokonywania w toku postępowania podatkowego uzgodnień między organem podatkowym a stroną tego postępowania. Autor argumentuje, że uzgodnienia takie, pojęte jako proces (znaczenie pragmatyczne) i jako wynik tego procesu (znaczenie apragmatyczne), są zgodne z modelem postępowania podatkowego. Trojakie są warunki ich zgodności: po pierwsze, przyjęcie szczególnego rozumienia pojęcia "uzgodnienia" (i leżącego u jego podstaw pojęcia "sporu"); po drugie, dokonywanie uzgodnień w sposób zgodny z obowiązującym prawem (zarówno materialnym, jak i procesowym); po trzecie, prowadzenie uzgodnień na podstawie modelu "argumentacyjnego", tj. zorientowanego na legalność i poszanowanie reguł słusznego dyskursu. Ostatecznie, uzgodnienia spełniające te warunki polegają na wymianie merytorycznych argumentów między organem podatkowym a stroną - co nie zagraża, lecz sprzyja realizacji zasad procedury podatkowej.
Odpowiedzialność karna menedżera klubu sportowego za dokonywanie transferu piłkarzy - zagadnienia wybrane
Authors: Tarapata Szymon
Published: September 2024

W niniejszym tekście zaprezentowano wszechstronną analizę problematyki odpowiedzialności karnej menedżera klubu sportowego za dokonywanie transferu piłkarzy. Wykazano, że niekiedy możliwe jest, by osoba realizująca transfer zawodnika poniosła odpowiedzialność karną za różne czyny zabronione (w tym przede wszystkim za zachowania stypizowane w art. 296 k.k. i art. 296a k.k.). W artykule wskazano, jakie warunki muszą zostać spełnione, by menedżer klubu sportowego popełnił przestępstwo związane z pozyskiwaniem i zbywaniem piłkarzy.
Upomnienie rektorskie
Authors: Giętkowski Radosław Eugeniusz
Published: September 2024

Upomnienie rektorskie to uproszczony i odformalizowany sposób reagowania na przewinienia dyscyplinarne mniejszej wagi, popełniane przez nauczycieli akademickich, studentów i doktorantów. Regulacja prawna upomnienia rektorskiego jest dość lakoniczna, stąd stosowanie tej instytucji może budzić wiele wątpliwości w praktyce. W artykule omówiono: sytuacje procesowe, w których stosuje się upomnienie rektorskie, materialnoprawne podstawy prawne stosowania tego upomnienia oraz tryb jego orzekania. Przedstawiono także kwestie wykonalności kary i zatarcia ukarania. Autor formułuje również wnioski de lege ferenda.
Uzyskiwanie informacji o majątki dłużnika w ustawodawstwie polskim i niemieckim
Authors: SEHN MICHAŁ
Published: September 2024

Wiedza o okolicznościach faktycznych i prawnych majątku dłużnika przyczynia się do efektywnego, szybkiego i skutecznego zaspokojenia praw wierzyciela, a wręcz jest niezbędna dla prowadzenia egzekucji. Artykuł porusza tematykę uzyskiwania informacji o majątku dłużnika na tle uregulowań zawartych w ustawie z dnia 17 listopada 1964r. ? Kodeks postępowania cywilnego oraz Zivilprozessordnung, ponieważ wiedza w zakresie majątku dłużnika ma znaczący wpływ na skuteczność prowadzonej egzekucji. Analiza zagadnienia zostanie przeprowadzona przy użyciu wykładni językowej, systemowej, funkcjonalnej, historycznej, a także komparatystycznej, co w konsekwencji przyczyni się do wyciągnięcia wniosków o kompletności oraz skuteczności obecnie obowiązujących przepisów KPC we wskazanej materii oraz ewentualne sformułowanie postulatów de lege ferenda
"Przymusowy arbitraż" - ambiwalentna konstrukcja czy odpowiedź na potrzeby złożonej rzeczywistości?
Authors: Stus Marek , Święcicka Paulina , Wyrwińska Karolina
Published: September 2024

The aim of the article is to present the most important moments in a development of the institution of the compulsory arbitration, for which the starting point was and still is a voluntary arbitration. For this purpose the selected features of the institution of arbitration are discussed - the features which have appeared in the historical development of this institution, in order to discuss in detail the compulsory arbitration as a non-obvious exception of this institution, in particular on example of the Polish legal solutions concerning consumers and the clients of airlines. The introduction of this sort of arbitration has been decided by the legislator, probably in connection with the need to ensure a "better" protection of particular goods. The authors answer to the questions about the role of compulsory arbitration in the 21st century, especially in times of the current institutional crisis. Is it, in the opinion of the law-making authority, a kind of remedy for the weakness of traditional courtsand even the amicable proceedings? Or: Is it merely a more efficient way of an amical way of resolving conflicts? They ask about the purpose of the compulsory arbitration - a way of proceeding which "forced" the parties to seek of a resolution of a dispute in a certain, way as well as the very legal meaning of thus "coercion" of the parties to certain actions.
Student w otoczeniu Internetu Rzeczy, czyli o jego bezpieczeństwie cybernetycznym
Authors: Biczysko-Pudełko Katarzyna
Published: September 2024

The study seeks to answer the question whether the current norms of Polish civil law provide effective mechanisms for protecting the rights of students as users of Internet of Things products/devices. Hence, in addition to explaining basic concepts such as the Internet of Things or cybersecurity, the paper provides an exegesis of legally relevant norms of the Polish Civil Code, including in particular the provisions on liability for a dangerous product or the possibility for the student to assert his/her claims under the warranty for defects of Internet of Things products/devices. The analysis identifies various legislative shortcomings, the recognition of which is the first step towards formulating postulates de lege ferenda.
Szwedzki i polski model postępowania sądowoadministracyjnego - analiza prawnoporównawcza
Authors: Paduch Andrzej
Published: September 2024

The article juxtaposes two models of proceedings before administrative courts: the Swedish one and the Polish one. The aim of the article is to answer the question whether Swedish legal regulation may inspire the Polish legislator in a possible amendment of the law on proceedings before administrative courts. The first part of the article analyses Swedish proceedings before administrative courts. This model is characterized by an extensive organisational structure, a wide scope of cases, the evidence proceedings, as well as the possibility to amend the appealed decision. The second part of the article is devoted to Polish regulation. It points out the two-tier nature of administrative judiciary, the limited possibilities of conducting evidence proceedings and the cassation model of jurisprudence. In his conclusions, the author finds interesting the possibility of broadening the scope of evidence proceedings and the possibility of structural expansion of administrative courts in Poland.
Rejection of Complaints. Lessons for National Competition Authorities on the Eve of the Implementation of ECN+ Directive.
Authors: Kamiński Marcin Łukasz
Published: September 2024

Directive 2019/1 provides for a harmonisation of important procedural aspects related to the enforcement of competition law by National Competition Authorities. The power to set priorities, stipulated in art 4 of ECN+ Directive, is one of particular practical implications for both NCAs as well as undertakings concerned. This power allows NCAs to reject a complaint lodged by a complainant due to the lack of sufficient interests in pursuing an investigation. Such right is strongly intertwined with the procedural rights granted to complainants. While the current legal framework for setting priorities and safeguarding complainant?s rights diverge significantly among Member States, a minimum legal standard should be guaranteed in order to ensure coherent model of applying EU competition law within European Competition Network. In order to protect and enhance the process of lodging complaints, such prioritisation has to be counterbalanced by rights granted to complainants and obligations imposed on the Institutions. In this regard, similar legal frameworks and established requirements should exist in national law as the obligations imposed on the Commission. In particular, NCAs and national legislators should learn lessons from the mistakes committed by the Commission which were verified by the European Courts. The importance of providing a proper statement of reasons and obligation not to omit relevant evidence shall be remember and properly implemented by NCAs. At the end of the day the goal is to cause that the rejection of complaint would not be a mere formality.
Eugenic Abortion as Discrimination against Persons with Disabilities: Another Perspective on Current Constitutional Case in Poland
Authors: Ciepły Filip
Published: September 2024

On 22 October 2020, the Polish Constitutional Tribunal has declared provisions admitting eugenic abortion unconstitutional (case sign. K 1/20, not officially published yet). Tribunal stated that the said provisions sanction eugenic practices in relation to the unborn child deny respect and protection of human dignity (Art. 30) and the principle of legal protection of the life of every human being (Art. 38). Tribunal has not referred to another objection indicated in the MP?s motion that making the protection of unborn child?s right to life dependent on its health status was tantamount to illegal direct discrimination (Art 32). Nevertheless, it seems noteworthy to underline that a negative assessment of a disease, handicap, or disability is not legally tantamount to a negative assessment of the affected human being, their dignity and the value of their life. Human life valued so highly on normative grounds, regardless of the person?s health condition, means that the life of a conceived child with malformations should be protected under penal law to the same extent as the life of a conceived and properly developing child. The admissibility of selective abortion based on the health status of the foetus must be recognized as unacceptable, just as abortion based on gender, race or social origin of the foetus.
The Transformation of Erinyes into Eumenides: Justice as Generosity
Authors: Soniewicka Marta
Published: September 2024

The problem addressed in this paper is of the crucial difference between justice and revenge. Following the vivid images of revenge and justice present in literature, I argue that revenge is rooted in a reactive, backward-looking spirit which is destructive for both individuals and the community. Justice, on the other hand, is rooted in an active, forward-looking spirit which is constructive and aimed at restoring order. I analyze the different functions of punishment which are based on payback and are thus focused on the balance of power and status which is more typical for revenge than justice. Retribution should be based on a normative balance rooted in norms and values, and which is aimed at promoting accountability. Anger transformed by justice should be focused on wrongdoing (the act), rather than the wrongdoer (person). Justice in its highest degree, when complemented by mercy, becomes "justice as generosity" which is able to restore trust in social relations, fostering solidarity and reconciliation in society.
Human Person and Fictitious Capacity: Law in Leonardo Polo's Thought
Authors: Blicharz Grzegorz Jan
Published: September 2024

Leonardo Polo enriches legal philosophy with the concept of 'person', one whose act of being means co-being, co-existence, and which allows the person to grasp his or her act of being through encounter with others - being 'ademas'. This concept might suggest anthropological reflection on individual rights, which are usually conceived as the autonomous sphere of a person as one who can act according to his or her own act of will, and in this way by the exercise of rights can be self-determined. The idea of the person as being-ever-more ('ademas') opens us to the idea of the correlation of our entitlements and of our capacity towards others - which means that we may understand both our entitlements and our capacity only when we encounter others - in dialogue or at the court - by recognizing the constraints upon us of others' entitlements and capacities.
Religious Freedom and Legal Education
Authors: Longchapms de Berier Franciszek
Published: September 2024

For what was obvious yesterday is not necessarily obvious today, i.e., to the present generation of young citizens. In the past, freedom of religion for all has always been an important element of constitutional guarantees, but one wonders whether religious freedom would be defended by the present younger generation. In particular, would the young of Europe defend it? The answer, unfortunately, is most probably in the negative. But maybe the United States is different - is indeed our Euro-Atlantic world divided on the issue of religion and its role in modern societies? Legal history, in giving the opportunity to take advantage of the experience of past generations and their systems, can prove itself to be quite practical when applied in the field of legal studies, i.e., for legal research or analyses. Legal history teaches that constitutional orders have been formed for centuries and it seems likely that all were established with the intent of enduring forever; nevertheless, we know that in practice they are always in a continuous process of refinement and development and will change during the life of any particular society or state. Inevitably, then, some systems and epochs will be richer than others in their understanding of ways to put in normative order what is needed for a society in those situations that require regulation. Legal history teaches that freedom of religion always comes at a price. The crucial point is who has to pay the price. Freedom cannot defend itself. It needs its own witnesses, martyrs and, above all, guardians and protectors. Recently, that is during the last two terms, the Supreme Court of the United States has sent out a series of instructive and influential signals that protection of religion should be strengthened. The relevant cases are American Legion v. American Humanist Association (2019), Espinoza v. Montana Department of Revenue (2020), Little Sisters for the Poor Saints Peter and Paul Home v. Pennsylvania (2020), Our Lady of Guadalupe v. Morrissey-Berru (2020) and Fulton v. City of Philadelphia (2021).
The Natural Law Formula and the Missing Link: Tracing and Updating Aquinas' Methodology
Authors: Riofrio Juan Carlos
Published: September 2024

Research dedicated to natural law usually analyzes the same commonplaces to deduce natural rules and natural rights. Recurrently it focuses its attention on some specific elements of reality (e.g. the human being, its possibilities, inclinations, and goods) in order to assess what should be achieved (e.g., happiness, the ultimate end, or human flourishing) and how it can be done. Observing how it proceeds, what kind of methods guides it, we discover that it connects these elements following similar patterns.
Principle of Laicity and Religious Concepts. An Italian And Japanese Perspective
Authors: Piga Cristina
Published: September 2024

The present research analyses the principle of laicity, aiming to understand whether religious concepts can be introduced and positivised in a lay State, taking the Japanese and Italian Constitutions as case studies. The purpose is to understand how religious concepts, if positivised, can contribute to higher protection of fundamental rights. The first phase focuses on the definition of the concept of laicity by separating it from secularism. The second phase deals with the principle of neutrality and non-identification of the lay state towards the religious sphere, deepening the positivisation of religious concepts and their introduction into legal analysis, with particular attention to Habermas' studies on the translation of religious concepts into a universally accessible and independent language. The third phase carries out a comparative constitutional analysis focusing on the principle of laicity in the Italian and Japanese Constitutions to understand the different declinations the principle of laicity may take and the potential terrain for religious concepts to be introduced after an imperative translation into universal language independent of any religious interpretation.
Modernizing the City: Legal Mentality and Multiple Scale of Actions in Historical Perspective
Authors: Blicharz Grzegorz , Longchamps de Berier Franciszek , Corona Encinas Alex
Published: September 2024

This article by merging three different historical examples shows that legal mentality influences the management of similar public goods, the composition of institutional change in the urban sphere and finally the character of legal regulations best fitted in a given circumstances for arriving at desired outcome. We showed that the inclinations for ex ante and ex post models are dependent on the concept of public administration and, most particularly, of administrative law. In a way, in the mixed public administration shown in the Roman law example, where both centralize and polycentric governance are applied, much depends on the narrative and values which accompany the institutional change in urban settings.
A win-win approach in human rights advocacy? Lessons Learned from the Book Titled "Human Dignity and Law. Studies on the Dignity of Human Life"
Authors: Kiss Lilla Nóra , Mercz Mónika
Published: September 2024

The universal respect for human rights should be the tie that binds, not the tie that divides our societies. In recent years, we have experienced the monopolization of interpretation in several legal questions. The authors recognized that there is a need for competition in the 'marketplace of ideas' in order to respect our diversities and preserve alternative and valid legal interpretations in different cases. The book human dignity and law leads us to believe that based on our human dignity, we should rebuild a culture of respect for those who think and live differently. Its authors' contribution is vastly important in order for us to understand how we can build a better understanding going forward.
Is Russia part of the civil law tradition?
Authors: Dajczak Wojciech Tadeusz
Published: September 2024

There are undoubtedly two general conclusions that can be drawn from the inspiring text edited by Valliere and Polle. Firstly, we should wish Russians, who are looking for their legal identity, to disseminate the fact that the importance of social solidarity was universally acknowledged by Orthodox Russian jurists of the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries, who recognised this specificity, but only some of them associated it with authoritarianism and the primacy of Orthodoxy in relation  to the restriction of other religions. It is worth remembering Bulgakov's words that "Orthodoxy, which is a religion of freedom, combined with reactionary or class aspirations, is a contradiction that calls for vengeance, which can even be historically justified, but not dogmatically". Secondly, there is no reliable historical basis for a uniform understanding of Russia and other Eastern European countries when defining the boundaries of the civil law tradition.
Synchronous primary breast angiosarcoma with invasive ductal carcinoma
Authors: Ben Kridis Wala , Lajnef Mayssa , Khanfir Afef
Published: September 2024

Primary angiosarcoma (PAS) of the breast is an extremely uncommon variant of breast malignancies. Highly aggressiveness and dismal prognosis characterize this endothelial neoplasm. We report here an unusual case of PAS of the breast occurring in a 46-year-old woman associated with concurrent bilateral invasive ductal carcinoma and ovarian metastases.
Cognitive functional therapy for lower back pain: A meta-analytical assessment of pain and disability outcomes in randomized controlled trials
Authors: Kandeel Mahmoud , Morsy Mohamed A. , Khodair Khalid M. Al , Alhojaily Sameer
Published: September 2024

BACKGROUND: Cognitive functional therapy (CFT) aims to address low back pain (LBP) comprehensively by considering physical, psychological, and social factors. OBJECTIVE: The objective was to evaluate the effectiveness of CFT in reducing pain and disability in individuals with LBP over various time intervals. METHOD: A comprehensive literature search was conducted to identify relevant randomized controlled trials (RCTs) assessing the effects of CFT on LBP. RESULTS: In this study, 1510 records were initially identified, and 7 studies were included in the analysis. Disability scores were significantly reduced after CFT had been applied for 6 to 8 weeks (SMD =-0.46, 95% CI [-0.74, -0.19]), 12 weeks to 3 months (SMD =-0.54, 95% CI [-0.72, -0.36]), 6 months (MD =-5.82, 95% CI [-9.82, -1.82]), and 12 months (SMD =-0.4, 95% CI [-0.55, -0.26]). There were also significant reductions in pain scores observed after 12 weeks to 3 months (SMD =-0.49, 95% CI [-0.68, -0.3]), 6 months (MD =-0.75, 95% CI [-1.5, -0.0001]), and 12 months (SMD =-0.27, 95% CI [-0.42, -0.12]). CONCLUSION: CFT showed potential for improving disability scores for individuals with LBP across various time intervals. However, its impacts on pain scores varied.
Prognostic impact of invariant natural killer T cells in solid and hematological tumors; systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Alhamawi Renad M. , Aloufi Noof , Alamri Abeer F. , Altubayli Fatima A. , Alsairi Raghad T. , Alhamad Reem A. , Alharbi Shouq M. , Ankhli Zainab A. , Eid Hamza M. A. , Almutawif Yahya A.
Published: September 2024

BACKGROUND:

Invariant natural killer T (iNKT) cells are an immune subset that purportedly link the adaptive and the innate arms of the immune system. Importantly, iNKT cells contribute to anti-cancer immunity in different types of hematological and solid malignancies by secreting pro-inflammatory cytokines. Therefore, using such cells in treating different type of tumors would be an ideal candidate for cancer immunotherapy.

OBJECTIVE:

To assess the prognostic effect of iNKT cells across different types of solid and hematological tumors.

METHODS:

In systematic review and meta-analysis, articles assessed the prognostic effect of iNKT cells were systemically searched using the scientific databases including Google Scholar, ScienceDirect, PubMed, Cochrane Central, and Scopus.

RESULTS:

Strikingly, the analysis showed the positive impact of intratumoral or circulating iNKT cells on the survival rate in patients with all studied tumors with overall effect of a pooled hazard ratio of 0.89 (95% CI 0.81 to 0.98; [Formula: see text] 0.01). A highly statistical heterogeneity was noted between studied tumor with I2 [Formula: see text] 87%; [Formula: see text] 0.00001.

CONCLUSIONS:

Taken together, this study would present a new insight into the impact of iNKT cells correlate with caner patients’ survival rate and how such cells would be used as a therapeutic target in these patients.
User participation in digital accessibility evaluations: Reviewing methods and implications
Authors: Laitano María Inés , Ortiz-Núñez Roelvis , Stable-Rodríguez Yudayly
Published: September 2024

Although laws and standardization bodies promote user participation in digital accessibility evaluations, people with disabilities still consider themselves excluded from this process. One reason could be the lack of systematized knowledge about evaluation methods involving users. This article seeks to understand how and for what purpose digital accessibility evaluations with user participation were conducted in the scientific literature from 2018 to 2021. Three types of user participation emerged: 1) user-based usability testing to evaluate task accomplishment, user reactions and interface qualities; 2) interviewing users to assess the local and social factors impacting digital service accessibility; 3) using questionnaires or crowdsourcing to check the compliance of certain interfaces with accessibility standards. Participants are primarily chosen based on their functional impairments and, to a lesser degree, their project-related skills, biographical information, technology habits, among other criteria. The comprehensive user insights gained with these methods are judged to be positive whereas the lack of representativeness of the selected user samples is found to be regrettable. The article finally discusses the definitions of accessibility and disability that underpin these methodologies.
Cultural heritage re-search: Reimagining the collective memory of Copándaro de Galeana, Michoacán
Authors: Mendez Edith
Published: September 2024

The author reconnects with the ongoing struggles of her parents’ hometown, Copándaro de Galeana, located in Michoacán, Mexico, in this ethnographic critical research. Employing critical survey methods and analyzing the community’s identity reclamation through two festivals, El Carnaval and El Festival de las Almas y las Flores, the author collaborates with family members and friends to create a collective memory of Copándaro de Galeana’s intangible cultural heritage, underscoring the community’s self-expressed Resistant Knowledges. As a critical cultural heritage study, this article addresses the dichotomy of exploitation vs empowerment present in archival aspects of cultural heritage preservation methods. It also examines how the author’s position as a Chicana/Mestiza, attempting to reconnect with her indigenous roots and the duality of Indigenismo, aids or counters the empowerment of Copándaro de Galeana. Situated within the broader theme of “Resistant Knowledges: Unmasking Coloniality through the re-search of local to global communities,” the study addresses specific subtopics, emphasizing autonomous movements, identity and representation, and community resilience. Recognizing the important role that oral history has played in recording Copándaro de Galeana’s memory, the author similarly includes community members’ recollections and personal experiences to form a decolonized re-search article.
Frame-Level Deepfake Detection on Explicit Content with ID-Unaware Binary Classification
Authors: Jimenez-Martinez Miguel , Benitez-Garcia Gibran , Toscano-Medina Linda Karina , Olivares-Mercado Jesus
Published: September 2024

The rapid advancement in deepfake technology has enabled the creation of highly realistic fake images and videos, posing significant risks, especially in the context of explicit content. Such content, which often involves the alteration of an individual’s identity in sexually explicit material, can lead to defamation, harassment, and blackmail. This paper focuses on the detection of deepfakes in explicit content using a state-of-the-art ID-unaware Binary Classification method. We evaluate its effectiveness in real-world scenarios by analyzing three versions of the model with different backbones: ResNet34, EfficientNet-B3, and EfficientNet-B4. To facilitate this evaluation, we curated a dataset of 200 videos, consisting of 100 genuine videos and their corresponding deepfake counterparts, ensuring a direct comparison between genuine and altered content. Our analysis revealed a significant decrease in detection performance when applying the state-of-the-art method to explicit content. Specifically, the AUC score dropped from 93% on standard datasets such as FaceForensics++ to 62% on our explicit content dataset. Additionally, the accuracy for detecting deepfakes plummeted to around 25%, while the accuracy for genuine videos remained high at approximately 90%. We identified specific factors contributing to this decline, including unconventional makeup, lighting issues, and facial blurring due to camera distance. These findings underscore the challenges and the necessity for robust detection methods to address the unique problems posed by explicit content deepfakes, ultimately aiming to protect individuals from the potential harms associated with this technology.
Information Encryption with Combined QR Codes with Two Security Levels: GPG Method and Chromatic Multiplexing
Authors: San Agustín Crescencio Paola Noemi , Hernández González Leobardo , Guevara López Pedro , Ramírez Hernández Jazmín , Estevez Encarnación Eduardo Salvador
Published: September 2024

Quick Response (QR) two-dimensional codes were designed to send information in a simple and versatile way, such as sharing a product or company website. Nowadays they can be found in documents with sensitive information, such as personal documents (passports, visas, bank transfers) and documents with restricted information of companies (financial reports, legal documents), for this reason it is important to take care of the information that is sent or shared, depending on its use, it is important to add levels of security to the information encoded in QR codes, since in some cases sensitive information is sent. In this paper we propose to add two levels of security to QR codes that will share sensitive information. A first level of security is the encryption of the original information through the Privacy Guard (GPG) method, a second level of security is the multiplexing of two pieces of information in a chromatic QR code, where each color represents an encoded information, the incorporation of the two levels of security will keep the information shared by the users secure.
Improve Breast Cancer Classification Based on Deep Feature Fusion and Hyperparameter Customization Using Transfer Learning
Authors: Pham Thanh-An , Nguyen Tien-Anh , Tran Quang-Vinh , Hoang Van-Dung
Published: September 2024

Breast cancer is a dangerous disease, contributing to a high mortality rate in women. Early detection plays a pivotal role in enhancing survival rates. Breast ultrasound is considered an effective method to help diagnose breast diseases early. Breast ultrasound is inexpensive, easy to perform, non-invasive and painless, so it is often prescribed by doctors in cases where it is necessary to examine the nature of clinically palpable lesions or related symptoms in the breast. In this paper, we introduce a method based on transfer learning and deep feature fusion to classify breast cancer using ultrasound images. The results from our experiments involving 780 breast ultrasound images across three categories (benign, malignant, and normal) indicated that the model using max fusion of deep features outperformed an original CNN in terms of performance, the combination of the maximum value between deep features has a higher performance level with an accuracy of about 1% to 4% compared to the original model. The concatenation fusion of VGG19 and ViT features delivers 1% - 4% times more accuracy than the original model alone
Dynamic Convolution Based Intelligent Algorithm for YOLOv5 Underwater Target Detection
Authors: Jiang Jialing , Huang Bo , Fang Zhijun , Gao Yongbin
Published: September 2024

With the growing importance of marine resources and the increasing demand for exploration of underwater environments, underwater target detection technology has become one of the key technologies in the fields of ocean engineering, underwater archaeology, and intelligent agriculture. However, due to the complexity and uncertainty of underwater environments, such as light attenuation, water turbidity, and dynamic changes of water currents, current target detection methods often perform poorly in underwater scenes. To solve the corresponding problems, this paper proposes the YOLOv5_OD_Conv model, which aims to improve the accuracy and generalisation ability of the model by introducing the OD_Conv full-dimensional dynamic convolution in the YOLOv5 Neck part. Simulation and experimental results show that the proposed method increases the detection accuracy P by 1.05%, the precision mAP0.5 by 1.5%, and the recall R by 0.43% compared to YOLOv5s. The improvement of detection effect is obvious, which proves the effectiveness of the method.
Optimal Feature Extractor for Video Anomaly Detection in Public Transportation Applications
Authors: Flores-Monroy Jonathan , Benitez-Garcia Gibran , Nakano Mariko , Takahashi Hiroki
Published: September 2024

Video Anomaly Detection (VAD) is a well-established area of research with significant potential for enhancing video surveillance in urban public transportation. However, current VAD systems often propose powerful methodologies but overlook their use in extreme environments like public transportation, necessitating a balance between performance and computational efficiency. In this paper, we evaluate a key component in many VAD frameworks: feature extractors. We investigate five extractors: Inflated 3D ConvNets (I3D), 3D Convolutional Neural Networks (C3D), Unified Transformer (UniFormer) in Small (UniFormer-S) and Base (UniFormer-B) versions, and Temporal Shift Module (TSM). These are integrated into a VAD architecture employing Bidirectional Encoder Representations from Transformers (BERT) with Multiple Instance Learning (MIL), chosen for its modularity and clear separation between the feature extractor and anomaly detector module. UniFormer-S demonstrated a processing rate of 4.64 clips per second with a computational demand of 28.717 GFLOPs on edge devices like the Jetson Orin NX (8GB RAM, 20W power). On the UCF-Crime dataset, UniFormer-S with BERT + MIL achieves an AUC of 79.74%. These findings highlight the promise of UniFormer-S and the use of edge devices like the Jetson Orin NX in public transportation due to their balance of performance and efficiency.
A Large-Scale Group Decision-Making Approach Employing Large Language Models to Detect Assertive Groups
Authors: Carbó-García Santiago , Trillo José Ramón , Tapia Juan Miguel , Pérez Ignacio Javier , Herrera-Viedma Enrique , Cabrerizo Francisco Javier
Published: September 2024

Large-Scale Group Decision-Making, propelled by the advent of Large Language Models and the imperative for assertiveness in decision-making processes, emerges as a pivotal area of research. This paper navigates through the landscape of Large-Scale Group Decision-Making, delineating its significance across diverse domains, including social networks and e-democracy. Amidst its nascent status, Large-Scale Group Decision-Making encounters formidable challenges, particularly in information management and fostering consensus among a multitude of experts. This paper aims to illuminate the goals and hurdles facing Large-Scale Group Decision-Making approaches through an exhaustive review of contemporary literature and methodologies. By confronting these challenges head-on, Large-Scale Group Decision-Making holds the potential to redefine decision-making paradigms, bolster assertiveness, and elevate collective problem-solving capabilities in an increasingly interconnected world.
Optimizing Feature Selection with Metaheuristics: Trends, Techniques, and Future Directions
Authors: Barrera-García José , Cisternas-Caneo Felipe , Crawford Broderick , Gómez Sánchez Mariam , Soto Ricardo , Becerra-Rozas Marcelo , Gomez-Pulido José Manuel , Garces-Jimenez Alberto
Published: September 2024

This paper presents a concise literature review of metaheuristic algorithms in feature selection, spanning publications from 2019 to 2023. The study acknowledges the role of wrapper methods and metaheuristics, noting their ability to yield enhanced results. It highlights the prevalent use of Particle Swarm Optimization, Grey Wolf Optimizer, and Genetic Algorithm in this context. Additionally, the research explores trends and approaches in binarization within metaheuristics, distinguishing between straightforward binarization and more elaborate methods. A central theme of the study is the investigation of hybridization in metaheuristics, demonstrating the use and integration of multiple algorithms in search of improvement in performance. The paper also discusses strategies for refining metaheuristic performance, such as chaotic maps and local search. It examines the emerging domain of multi-objective metaheuristics, which is particularly relevant for addressing real-world problems with competing objectives. The study highlights the dynamic and innovative potential of metaheuristic-based feature selection methodologies.
Meaningful Performance Analysis on Healthcare Data Under Local Differential Privacy
Authors: Hernandez-Matamoros Andres , Kikuchi Hiroaki
Published: September 2024

This study delves into the realm of healthcare data analysis within the framework of local differential privacy (LDP), aiming to assess the performance of various methodologies under this stringent privacy paradigm. Leveraging LDP, which ensures individual data privacy while allowing for analysis, we explore the landscape of healthcare data with a focus on meaningful performance evaluation. Through a systematic investigation, this research evaluates the performance and efficiency of different approaches, shedding light on their suitability for healthcare data applications. By synthesizing insights from diverse techniques and considering their implications within the context of LDP, this study contributes to the advancement of privacy-preserving healthcare analytics while maintaining the integrity and utility of the underlying data. Our findings indicate that Reduced and Castell approaches present the best performance while maintaining a low epsilon, ε < 1. The Castell approach, with its lower memory consumption than the Reduced approach, stands out as the best approach for large healthcare datasets.
Analyzing Twitter Data for Insights into Public Sentiment During COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Liu Yang , Anwar Mohd
Published: September 2024

As social media and online social networking sites have emerged as essential channels for everyday social interactions, researchers are increasingly turning to conversational social media as a valuable alternative source of insights into public sentiment and behavior during times of crisis. In a similar vein, our study investigates the utility of using conversational social media data for analyzing public sentiment related to the COVID-19 pandemic. Our research question is, to what extent can machine learning models based on conversational social media data help gauge public sentiment during a pandemic? To evaluate the performance of various machine learning algorithms in sentiment analysis tasks, we used a Twitter dataset and compared their effectiveness using eight different models (i.e., Decision Tree (DT), Random Forest (RF), Naïve Bayes (NB), Extreme Gradient Boosting (XGBoost), Logistic Regression, Support Vector Machine (SVM), Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM), and Bidirectional Encoder Representations from Transformers (BERT)). The results show that among the eight models, the top three models are BERT, LSTM, and SVM, achieving overall accuracies of 87.44%, 81.94%, and 80.02%, respectively. Employing sentiment analysis models on pandemic-related social media posts allows us to gain insights into of human emotions and sentiments during public health crises like a pandemic.
Two stages data mining analytics for food intentional and behavioral recommendations
Authors: Liao Shu-Hsien , Widowati Retno , Liao Shu-Ting
Published: September 2024

A recommender system is an information filtering system used to predict a user’s rating or preference for an item. Dietary preferences are often influenced by various etiquettes and culture, such as appetite, the selection of ingredients, menu development, cooking methods, choice of tableware, seating arrangement of diners, order of eating, etc. Food delivery service is a courier service in that delivers food to customers by restaurants, stores, or independent delivery companies. With the continuous advances in information systems and data science, recommender systems are gradually developing towards to intentional and behavioral recommendations. Behavioral recommendation is an extension of peer-to-peer recommendation, where merchants find the people who want to buy the product and deliver it. Intentional recommendation is a mindset that seeks to understand the life of consumers; by continuously collecting information about their actions on the internet and displaying events and information that match the life and purchase preferences of consumers. This study considers that data targeting is a method by which food delivery service platforms can understand consumers’ dietary preferences and individual lifestyles so that the food delivery service platform can effectively recommend food to the consumer. Thus, this study implements two stages data mining analytics, including clustering analysis and association rules, to investigate Taiwanese food consumers (n= 2,138) to investigate dietary and food delivery services behaviors and preferences to find knowledge profiles/patterns/rules for food intentional and behavioral recommendations. Finally, discussion and implications are presented.
Application of Metaheuristic algorithm in intelligent logistics scheduling and environmental sustainability
Authors: Jin Xin
Published: September 2024

In response to the problems of low efficiency, high cost, and serious environmental pollution faced by traditional logistics scheduling methods, this article introduced the Metaheuristic algorithm into intelligent logistics scheduling and environmentally sustainable development. This article took the Metaheuristic algorithm as the research object. It was based on an in-depth analysis of its core ideas and unique advantages, combined intelligent logistics scheduling with relevant theories and methods such as green environmental protection, and innovatively constructed an intelligent logistics scheduling model based on the Metaheuristic algorithm. This article experimentally compared the effects of different Metaheuristic algorithms on total driving distance, transportation time, fuel consumption, and carbon emissions. The experimental findings indicated that the ant colony optimization (ACO) algorithm in this article performed the best among them, and the performance of traditional algorithms and Metaheuristic algorithms was also tested in terms of performance. The findings indicated that the computational accuracy of the Metaheuristic algorithm reached 97%, which was better than the traditional 80%. Experimental results have shown that the Metaheuristic algorithm is an efficient and feasible method that can improve the efficiency of logistics scheduling and environmental sustainability.
KRF-AD: Innovating anomaly detection with KDE-KL and random forest fusion
Authors: Aarthi G. , Priya S. Sharon , Banu W. Aisha
Published: September 2024

Anomaly detection in Intrusion Detection System (IDS) data refers to the process of identifying and flagging unusual or abnormal behavior within a network or system. In the context of IoT, anomaly detection helps in identifying any abnormal or unexpected behavior in the data generated by connected devices. Existing methods often struggle with accurately detecting anomalies amidst massive data volumes and diverse attack patterns. This paper proposes a novel approach, KDE-KL Anomaly Detection with Random Forest Integration (KRF-AD), which combines Kernel Density Estimation (KDE) and Kullback-Leibler (KL) divergence with Random Forest (RF) for effective anomaly detection. Additionally, Random Forest (RF) integration enables classification of data points as anomalies or normal based on features and anomaly scores. The combination of statistical divergence measurement and density estimation enhances the detection accuracy and robustness, contributing to more effective network security. Experimental results demonstrate that KRF-AD achieves 96% accuracy and outperforms other machine learning models in detecting anomalies, offering significant potential for enhancing network security.
Adaptive load balancing in distributed cloud environment: Hybrid Kookaburra-Osprey optimization algorithm
Authors: Waghmode Santosh , Patil Bankat M.
Published: September 2024

A distributed cloud environment is characterized by the dispersion of computing resources, services, and applications across multiple locations or data centres. This distribution enhances scalability, redundancy, and resource utilization efficiency. To optimize performance and prevent any single node from becoming a bottleneck, it is imperative to implement effective load-balancing strategies, particularly as user demands vary and certain nodes experience increased processing requirements. This research introduces an Adaptive Load Balancing (ALB) approach aimed at maximizing the efficiency and reliability of distributed cloud environments. The approach employs a three-step process: Chunk Creation, Task Allocation, and Load Balancing. In the Chunk Creation step, a novel Improved Fuzzy C-means clustering (IFCMC) clustering method categorizes similar tasks into clusters for assignment to Physical Machines (PMs). Subsequently, a hybrid optimization algorithm called the Kookaburra-Osprey Updated Optimization Algorithm (KOU), incorporating the Kookaburra Optimization Algorithm (KOA) and Osprey Optimization Algorithm (OOA), allocates tasks assigned to PMs to Virtual Machines (VMs) in the Task Allocation step, considering various constraints. The Load Balancing step ensures even distribution of tasks among VMs, considering migration cost and efficiency. This systematic approach, by efficiently distributing tasks across VMs within the distributed cloud environment, contributes to enhanced efficiency and scalability. Further, the contribution of the ALB approach in enhancing the efficiency and scalability of distributed cloud environments is evaluated through analyses. The KBA is 1189.279, BES is 629.240, ACO is 1017.889, Osprey is 1147.300, SMO is 1215.148, APDPSO is 1191.014, and DGWO is 1095.405, respectively. The resource utilization attained by the KOU method is 1224.433 at task 1000.