bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Algebraic Attack on FHE-Friendly Cipher HERA Using Multiple Collisions
Authors: Liu Fukang , Kalam Abul , Sarkar Santanu , Meier Willi
Published: March 2024

Fully homomorphic encryption (FHE) is an advanced cryptography technique to allow computations (i.e., addition and multiplication) over encrypted data. After years of effort, the performance of FHE has been significantly improved and it has moved from theory to practice. The transciphering framework is another important technique in FHE to address the issue of ciphertext expansion and reduce the client-side computational overhead. To apply the transciphering framework to the CKKS FHE scheme, a new transciphering framework called the Real-to-Finite-Field (RtF) framework and a corresponding FHE-friendly symmetric-key primitive called HERA were proposed at ASIACRYPT 2021. Although HERA has a very similar structure to AES, it is considerably different in the following aspects: 1) the power map x → x3 is used as the S-box; 2) a randomized key schedule is used; 3) it is over a prime field Fp with p > 216. In this work, we perform the first third-party cryptanalysis of HERA, by showing how to mount new algebraic attacks with multiple collisions in the round keys. Specifically, according to the special way to randomize the round keys in HERA, we find it possible to peel off the last nonlinear layer by using collisions in the last-round key and a simple property of the power map. In this way, we could construct an overdefined system of equations of a much lower degree in the key, and efficiently solve the system via the linearization technique. As a esult, for HERA with 192 and 256 bits of security, respectively, we could break some parameters under the same assumption made by designers that the algebra constant ω for Gaussian elimination is ω = 2, i.e., Gaussian elimination on an n × n matrix takes O(nω) field operations. If using more conservative choices like ω ∈ {2.8, 3}, our attacks can also successfully reduce the security margins of some variants of HERA to only 1 round. However, the security of HERA with 80 and 128 bits of security is not affected by our attacks due to the high cost to find multiple collisions. In any case, our attacks reveal a weakness of HERA caused by the randomized key schedule and its small state size.
ARSITEKTUR BALI AGA DESA TENGANAN
Authors: I Made Agus Eka Mahardika  , Putu Gde Ery Suardana  , I Ketut Adhimastra
Published: March 2024

Desa Tenganan merupakan salah satu desa dari sepuluh desa Bali Aga . Bali Aga adalah desa yang masih mempertahankan pola hidup yang tata masyarakatnya mengacu pada aturan tradisional adat desa yang diwariskan nenek moyang mereka. Bentuk dan besar bangunan serta pekarangan, pengaturan letak bangunan, hingga letak pura dibuat dengan mengikuti aturan adat yang secara turun-temurun yang masih dipertahankan hingga sekarang. Tujuan penelitian ini tidak lain adalah untuk mencari bagaimana sejarah Arsitektur dari Desa Tenganan. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode pengumpulan data.

Lokasi perumahan ini terletak di daerah pegunungan yang membentang membujur di tengah-tengah Bali. Bentuk fisik perumahan Bali Aga dicirikan dengan adanya jalan utama berbentuk linear yang berfungsi sebagai ruang terbuka milik komunitas dan sekaligus sebagai sumbu utama desa. Pola pemukiman Desa Tenganan masih dipertahankan hingga saat ini dan menjadi suatu objek wisata budaya tradisional yang menarik untuk di kunjungi di Pulau Bali
Hemingway’s A Farewell to Arms: An Exploration of American Exceptionalism
Authors: Zamani Alavijeh Hossein
Published: March 2024

The present paper aims to posit that in his acclaimed novel, A Farewell to Arms, Ernst Hemingway employs an anti-war framework strategically to weave a deeper narrative that underscores an underlying reverence for America and dissects key passages, character interactions, and thematic elements to unveil the subtle patriotic undertones embedded within the narrative. By scrutinizing the protagonist’s interactions, motivations, and evolving perspectives, the article unravels the intricate relationship between character’s experiences and the novel’s latent celebration of American exceptionalism. While the novel is often regarded as a poignant portrayal of the disillusionment arising from the First World War, the analysis contends that beneath its anti-war veneer lies a subtler narrative thread which aims to subtly idolize America and construct a complex commentary on American identity.  By challenging conventional readings of A Farewell to Arms, this article seeks to prompt a reconsideration of the novel’s thematic complexities and invites scholars to explore the interplay between war narratives and nationalistic undercurrents within the context of American literature.
Use of Circularly Polarized Light on the Evaluation of Injectable Platelet Rich Fibrin in the Early Formation of Woven and Lamellar Bone: A Specific Method in the Study of Osseous Tissue
Authors: YS Lee Cameron
Published: March 2024

Purpose: In bone grafting, the goal is the formation of 100% vital bone. The ideal graft material is osteogenic, osteoconductive and osteoinductive and can be evaluated by histology and histomorphometric methods to calculate percentages of vital bone formation, residual graft material and connective tissue. Bone graft substitute materials currently used include allogeneic, xenogeneic and alloplastic materials. The goal of this study is a histological evaluation of the early effects of the liquid (injectable) form of Platelet Rich Fibrin (i-PRF) on the formation of woven and lamellar bone using Circularly Polarized Light (CPL).

Patients and Methods: This is a retrospective cohort study of forty-two patients from 2021 to 2022 who completed bone grafting after a non-restorable endodontically treated molar tooth was extracted in preparation for future implant surgery. Each bone graft was augmented with i-PRF. To process i-PRF, Relative Centrifugation Force (RCF) was reduced from 2,700 RPM to 700 RPM (60 g). Centrifugation time was reduced from 12 minutes to 3 minutes. After an average bone graft healing time of 8 to 12 weeks, bone core samples were obtained at the time of implant surgery for histological and histomorphometric analysis. Bone cores were stained with Stevenel’s blue and van Gieson’s picrofuchsin for histologic analysis by means of brightfield and circular polarized light microscopic evaluation to evaluate the early effects of the liquid form of PRF on formation of woven and lamellar bone using allogeneic bone.

Results: Forty-two bone cores were harvested at the time of implant surgery for histological and histomorphometric analysis. The liquid form of PRF resulted in greater percentages of vital bone formation (average 87.4 %) compared to the existing published literature. CPL analysis of forty-two bone core specimens showed the positive effects of i-PRF on de novo bone formation.

Conclusion: The results of this study using circularly polarized light demonstrate that the liquid form of PRF (i-PRF) resulted in greater percentages of early, new vital bone formation compared to the published literature. Circularly polarized light should be considered as an adjunctive method to determine bone maturity and structure.
Mental health: hospital psychology and hospital psychoanalysis
Authors: De Lima Alan Freire
Published: March 2024

The objective of this work is to reflect on the role of the hospital psychologist as well as the hospital psychoanalyst. Mental health professionals complement the healthcare team in the hospital environment in the process of adaptation and recovery of patients suffering from an illness whilst in hospital. The mental state of a hospitalized patient can often be compromised by various psychopathologies that require the attention of mental health professionals. The methodology used was a bibliographic review within the qualitative approach. The presence of hospital psychologists and psychoanalysts in hospital complexes is recommended. The recovery of a patient's health must be holistic, from physical health to mental health so that the patient has a faster recovery, accelerating their physical and mental recovery, and speeding up their hospital discharge.
Analyzing the effects of Spiritual Intelligence, Innovation and Competence on Employee Appearance at PT. Asam Jawa
Authors: Fimasari Serly , Iskandarini Iskandarini , Kurniawati Dewi
Published: March 2024

The research is conducted at PT. Asam Jawa in Medan, North Sumatra, from September to October 2023. The research population comprises all employees of PT. Asam Jawa, totaling 50 individuals, and the sampling is done exhaustively involving all population members. From the research results and discussions, the following conclusions can be drawn: (1) Spiritual Intelligence has a positive and significant influence on the improvement of Employee Appearance at PT. Asam Jawa. (2) Innovation has a positive and significant influence on the improvement of Employee Appearance at PT. Asam Jawa. (3) Competence has a positive and significant influence on the improvement of Employee Appearance at PT. Asam Jawa. (4) Spiritual Intelligence, Innovation, and Competence have a positive and significant influence on the improvement of Employee Appearance at PT. Asam Jawa. Recommendations for the company involve engaging in the development of spiritual intelligence, fostering an innovative culture, and focusing on the development of employee competence. The research results can serve as a reference for companies to understand the impact of these factors on appearance improvement. For future research, it is suggested to include additional variables such as leadership, job stress, organizational behavior, and other management variables.
Analysis of the Implementation of Project Based Learning Model on Students’ Speaking Skill
Authors: Jariah Ainun , Hamid Radiah , Nappu Syamsiarna
Published: March 2024

Ainun Jariah, 2023. Analysis of the Implementation of Project Based Learning Model on Students’ Speaking Skill at SMAN 5 Takalar. Supervised by Radiah Hamid and Syamsiarna Nappu. This research aims to explore the ways of teacher implement Project-based Learning Model in teaching and to know what the impact of Project-based Learning model on students’ speaking skill. This research used Qualitative research. The data were obtained using three instruments, namely observation checklist, document and reording. The subject of the research were two English teachers who taught the elevent grade, selected by Purposive Sampling Technique. The finding of this research revealed that both teachers implemented the Project Based Learning syntax, but not entirely. Teacher 1 did not implement the last poin in the evaluating the project stage, while teacher 2 did not implement the last two steps, namely Assesing the Project Result and Evaluating the Project. Therefore, the finding also shows that Project-based Learning Model has a positive impact on students speaking skills, while no students achieve an excellent category in pronunciation, 96% performed good, students have a great change of getting excellent in all aspect of speaking if teacher implement project based learning model throughly. Meanwhile, based on the data the conclusion that the Project- based Learning Model significantly contributes on the development of students’ speaking skill.
KLASIFIKASI PROVINSI DI INDONESIA BERDASARKAN LUAS PENGUSAHAAN DAN PRODUKTIVITAS TANAMAN KELAPA SAWIT MENGGUNAKAN ANALISA KLASTER
Authors: Siahaan Megawati , Darnius Open
Published: March 2024

Luas areal perkebunan kelapa sawit di Indonesia semakin meningkat terus dengan pengusahaan oleh perkebunan besar negara, perkebunan besar swasta dan perkebunan rakyat. Produktivitas tanaman kelapa sawit bervariasi di perusahaan-perusahaan tersebut demikian juga dengan distribusinya di berbagai provinsi. Kelapa sawit ditanam dan tumbuh di berbagai provinsi di Indonesia, perlu dikelompokkan bagaimana pengelolaan kelapa sawit di masing-masing provinsi untuk mengetahui variasi pengelolaan kelapa sawit antar provinsi dan diperoleh upaya memperbaiki produktivitas berdasarkan pengelompokan tersebut. Data yang akan dianalisis merupakan data sekunder yang dikumpulkan dengan studi pustaka. Data dianalisa dengan analisis klaster menggunakan program IBM SPSS 22, dengan variabel terikat yang digunakan adalah provinsi di Indonesia sedangkan variabel bebasnya adalah luas areal perkebunan kelapa sawit yang pengusahaannya oleh perkebunan besar negara, perkebunan besar swasta dan perkebunan rakyat serta produktivitas kelapa sawit di masing-masing perkebunan tersebut sehingga ada total 6 variabel. Hasil dari analisis menunjukkan bahwa diperoleh 5 klaster provinsi di Indonesia yang mengelola kelapa sawit yaitu provinsi yang terbaik adalah Riau, Provinsi yang baik adalah Jambi, Provinsi yang cukup baik adalah Kalimatantan Barat, provinsi yang kurang baik adalah Sumatera Utara, Sumatera Selatan, Kalimantan Selatan, Provinsi yang paling tidak baik adalah Aceh, Sumatera Barat, Bengkulu, Lampung, Jawa Barat, Banten, Sulawesi Selatan, Sulawesi Tenggara.
ANALISIS PENGARUH LETAK DAN TOPOGRAFI PLOT MAIN NURSEY TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN BIBIT KELAPA SAWIT (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.) DENGAN SISTEM FERTIGASI TETES (DRIP FERTIGATION SYSTEM)
Authors: Setiyawan Achmad Fauzi Garin , Andayani Neny , Noviana Githa
Published: March 2024

Oil palm productivity cannot be separated from where the seeds come from. The success of a nursery is seen from the quality of the seeds produced. One factor that influences seed growth is the fertigation system. One of the renewable fertigation systems is the drip fertigation system. This research aims to analyze the comparison of vegetative growth in various plot conditions in the drip fertigation system by actually comparing the results of measuring the vegetative growth of seedlings with the drip fertigation system. The research was carried out at PT. Bumi Permai Lestari Perkebunan Bukit Intan Estate (BINE) is located in Ds.Terentang, Kec.Kelapa, West Bangka Regency, Bangka Belitung Province. This research was carried out from April 2023 to October 2023. The research was carried out using quantitative analysis methods as primary data for the research data which was analyzed using the one-way variance test method at a 5% level followed by DMRT test. The results showed that plots with flat elevations and normal distances had superior vegetative growth compared to seedlings in plots located far from reservoirs and plots with sloping elevations. It was concluded that the location and topography of the main nursery plot had a real (significant) influence on the vegetative growth (seedling height, number of leaves, and stem circumference) of oil palm seedlings with a drip fertigation system, where the sloping topography had an unfavorable influence on the growth of oil palm seedlings.
INTERNATIONAL COLLABORATION: BENEFITS AND CHALLENGES
Authors: Auanassova A.
Published: March 2024

A broad range of teamwork styles and practices characterizes the present state of science. Working together across organizational and cultural boundaries widens the horizons of scientific discovery. Collaborative research initiatives that span international borders frequently yield results that surpass the accomplishments of individual teams working alone. Collaboration among scientists is an essential aspect of the advancement of all scientific disciplines, particularly in the field of clinical medicine. Cultural and international diversity involvement in projects can be advantageous for scientific progress. However, it also brings specific difficulties, potential hazards, and drawbacks. Some of the significant difficulties identified are related to the physical distance between people and the variations in culture, language, and career level. This review analyzes the benefits and challenges associated with international scientific collaboration and strategies for effective collaboration.
OSTEOPOROSIS IN PATIENTS WITH SYSTEMIC MASTOCYTOSIS
Authors: Coskun Benlidayi I. , Boga Vijdan E.
Published: March 2024

Mastocytosis is a disease characterized by abnormal proliferation and accumulation of clonal mast cells. One of the systems that may be affected in patients with mastocytosis is the skeletal system. Osteolysis, osteopenia, osteoporosis and osteosclerosis may occur as a result of skeletal system involvement. Osteoporosis is seen in more than 1/5 of these patients and the disease may even present with multiple fractures. Underlying factors of the deterioration of bone health in systemic mastocytosis include mast cell infiltration and systemic release of mast cell mediators, increased number of osteoclasts, and overproduction of proinflammatory cytokines. Taking preventive measures for bone health disorders in patients with systemic mastocytosis, implementing screening protocols and treating osteoporosis appropriately if it develops are extremely important in preventing fragility fractures. The aim of this review is to provide an insight to the changes in bone tissue in patients with mastocytosis.
OBSTACLES TO PUBLICATION ACTIVITY
Authors: Coskun Benlidayi I.
Published: March 2024

OBSTACLES TO PUBLICATION ACTIVITY
Tahap Kemahiran Pemikiran Kelestarian dalam kalangan Pelajar Institut Pengajian Tinggi Awam
Authors: Mohd Talha Atifah Damia , Osman Kamisah
Published: March 2024

individu untuk mempertimbangkan kesan jangka panjang tindakan manusia terhadap alam sekitar, ekonomi, dan masyarakat. Pendekatan ini menekankan keperluan untuk membuat keputusan yang seimbang dan bertanggungjawab, dengan mengambil kira kelestarian sumber alam, keadilan sosial, dan kestabilan ekonomi, demi memastikan kesejahteraan generasi masa kini dan masa depan. Kajian ini dijalankan untuk mengenal pasti tahap kemahiran pemikiran kelestarian dalam kalangan pelajar institut pengajian tinggi awam. Kajian ini menggunakan kaedah kajian tinjauan dan instrumen yang digunakan adalah borang soal selidik. Responden kajian ini terdiri daripada 363 orang pelajar dari bidang sains dan sains sosial. Kajian ini menggunakan perisian Statistical Package Social Science (SPSS) versi 27 untuk menganalisis data kajian secara deskriptif dan inferensi iaitu ujian MANOVA. Dapatan kajian menunjukkan bahawa pelajar institut pengajian tinggi awam mempunyai tahap kemahiran pemikiran kelestarian yang tinggi. Manakala, ujian MANOVA menunjukkan bahawa tidak terdapat perbezaan jantina yang signifikan untuk tahap kemahiran pemikiran kelestarian dalam kalangan pelajar institut pengajian tinggi awam. Implikasi dalam kajian ini mencadangkan agar pengintegrasian pemikiran kelestarian dalam pendidikan tinggi dapat diteruskan agar generasi masa hadapan berupaya menyelesaikan masalah yang kompleks secara lestari.
Unleashing the Transformative Power: Nusantara Indigenous Folktales Framework Revolutionizing ESL Learning
Authors: Saad Sharina , Amat Rafidah , Mansor Nur Syazwanie , Subri Shafilla , Putra Suatmo Pantja
Published: March 2024

Folktales are invaluable repositories of cultural heritage, reflecting the identity and values of indigenous communities while transmitting traditional knowledge. Serving as educational tools, they offer engaging resources for learners of all ages, contributing to education, language acquisition, and character development. Recognizing the importance of preserving intangible heritage, the Nusantara Indigenous Folktales Framework (NIFF) emerged from a collaborative effort between language specialists at Universiti Teknologi MARA Kedah in Malaysia and Universitas Merdeka Malang in Indonesia. This framework, employing a unified Edu-Tale approach, unites the Semai tribe from Malaysia and The Tengger tribe from Mount Bromo, Indonesia, aiming to preserve intangible heritage through formal education. To assess the impact of the Nusantara project on ESL learners, a questionnaire was distributed to 47 students actively participating in the initiative. The survey aimed to gather feedback on students' experiences with Nusantara folktales and their perceptions of the impact on overall motivation to learn English. Feedback from ESL learners was overwhelmingly positive, with students expressing enjoyment and acknowledging a significant enhancement of their overall motivation to learn English through engaging with Nusantara folktales. The Edu-Tale approach employed in the NIFF framework proved effective in creating a positive and impactful learning experience. The Nusantara Indigenous Folktales Framework demonstrates its potential as a transformative tool in ESL learning. Beyond its educational benefits, it fosters respect for intangible cultural heritage and raises awareness about the importance of safeguarding such valuable aspects of cultural identity. The positive feedback from students underscores the framework's effectiveness in enhancing motivation and engagement in English language learning.
Leadership for Technology Integration in Teaching Mathematics: A Comparative Study Between Two Private Institutions
Authors: Chui Yean Foong
Published: March 2024

The calling for technology integration in teaching mathematics has become louder as mathematics enables advanced understanding of concepts in other STEM subjects. However, technology integration in teaching mathematics has posed challenges for curriculum leaders and teachers. Hence, this study intended to investigate the curriculum change process involving technology integration from the principals' perspectives and their leadership approach to effective curriculum change management. The study adopted a qualitative research method. Data were collected via email interviews with two principals managing private institutions that offer the same math program for primary school students. The findings showed that Rogers’ diffusion of innovation model supported the curriculum change process involving technology adoption in teaching mathematics. In addition, the principals were found to have distinct perspectives on curriculum change implementation and, hence, had adopted different leadership approaches in managing curriculum change. The findings of this study imply that future leadership development programs should focus on developing transformational leadership qualities that enhance curriculum change processes.
Теория и методика обучения художественной гимнастике юношей
Authors: Джуманиязова Тамара
Published: March 2024

В статье, опираясь на научные знания, обсуждается необходимость обучения молодёжи теории и методике художественной гимнастики, а также разработка новых методов для решения проблем, возникающих в практике обучения художественной гимнастике до определённого временного периода. Рассматривается важность освещения этих аспектов.
Uniformity And Diversity In International Commercial Arbitration Law Of Uzbekistan
Authors: Рейес Ансельмо
Published: March 2024

In developing countries, capacity-building among judges, lawyers, policymakers, and other stakeholders will be an important means of maintaining sustainable diversity in international commercial arbitration (ICA). In remarks delivered at a Hong Kong University conference on arbitration reform in the Asia-Pacific, which took place on 27 October 2015, Judge Renaud Sorieul, then UNCITRAL Secretary, observed that the Model Law was not intended to set up identical systems of ICA law globally. While the adoption of the Model Law can ensure a degree of uniformity and harmonization among ICA regimes, there can still be significant differences between one Model Law state and another
The use of arbitration as a means of resolving international disputes
Authors: Зияева Диера
Published: March 2024

The article analyses arbitration as a means of resolving international disputes. The author states that the development of arbitration in the world created strong international and regional arbitral institutions that allow parties to choose a forum according to their needs and resolve disputes in the way, which suits them more. In conclusion, the author comes to the opinion that nation-states must further remove obstacles to international arbitration by, inter alia, joining various international treaties and ensuring that effective mechanisms exist to enforce international arbitral awards to improve the investment climate.
Unleashing Teacher Potential: Examining Motivation in West Akim Municipality’s Public Primary Schools, Ghana.
Authors: Bampo Dr Judith , Dominic Bortsie-Ghartey , Hannah Agyena-Karikari , Kennedy Asenso
Published: March 2024

This study investigates the impact of motivational provisions on the performance of public basic school teachers and evaluates the influence of the school environment in West Akim Municipality, Ghana. Employing a positivist stance and quantitative research methodologies, the research addresses persistent challenges faced by teachers, such as the absence of structured motivational benefits and suboptimal working conditions. Utilizing a cross-sectional survey research design, the study comprehensively explores the dynamic relationship between motivation and teacher performance. The target population consists of 953 teachers in public basic schools across eight circuits, with a sample size of 238 teachers selected through simple random sampling, ensuring a 65 percent response rate. Data collection involves a carefully designed questionnaire administered by the researcher, prioritizing confidentiality and clear communication of the study’s purpose. Validity and reliability are enhanced through quantitative research paradigms supported by SPSS software version 22. A crucial finding reveals that schools in West Akim Municipality do not allocate any budget for teacher allowances. Identified deficiencies in staff common rooms, security concerns, and sanitation issues underscore the need for improved infrastructure and safety measures within school premises. Recommendations include the allocation of a dedicated budget for teacher allowances, encompassing meetings, transportation, overtime, and other relevant aspects. Additionally, enhancing common areas for teachers and prioritizing investments in security measures within school premises are emphasized to cultivate a positive working environment and foster collaboration among teachers.
Moderating Effect of ICT Capability on the Relationship between Supply Chain Agility and Competitive Advantage of Drugstores in Davao Region
Authors: Areja Daisy B. , Gempes Gloria P.
Published: March 2024

The purpose of the study was to determine the moderating effect of ICT capability on the relationship between supply chain agility and competitive advantage among 300 drugstores in Davao Region. It made use of quantitative research design, specifically the descriptive-correlational approach. An adapted and modified research instrument was used in gathering the data. Hierarchical logistic regression was used to analyze the moderating effect of ICT capability on the relationship between supply chain agility and competitive advantage. The findings revealed that the overall levels of supply chain agility, ICT capability, and competitive advantage of drugstores are all high. The interrelationship among variables was found to be significant, however, supply chain agility and competitive advantage relationships were not significantly moderated by ICT capability. This indicates that the positive effect of supply chain agility on competitive advantage did not significantly change with different levels of ICT capability.
Internalization of Ecological Values through Wayang Kulit Sedekah Bumi in Kalitanjung Hamlet, Banyumas, Indonesia
Authors: Arifah Aprilia Rizki , Winarni Retno , Suhita Raheni
Published: March 2024

Sedekah Bumi (earth alms) in Kalitanjung Hamlet is held annually, and one of the processions is ruwat bumi with wayang kulit (shadow puppet). This research aims to describe the ecological values of wayang kulit in Kalitanjung Hamlet, Banyumas. This is qualitative research with an ethnographic approach. The data sources consist of the procession and the local community. The sampling techniques used were snowball sampling and purposive sampling. The data collection technique was done through nonparticipant observation and an in-depth interview. The data analysis was explained in three processes: data reduction, data display, and drawing conclusions. The results of this research show that there are ecological values in wayang kulit sedekah bumi. The ecological values in wayang kulit sedekah bumi consist of environmental education values, respect for nature, the fact that humans and nature are interdependent, and nature as a relative.
Down Syndrome Gender Differences in Production First and Foreign Language
Authors: Sadiq Baan Jafar
Published: March 2024

Many researchers have identified that most Down Syndrome children have language delays. Also, many studies have clarified the inherent difference between normal and Down syndrome children to specify the reasons behind the delay. The current study tries to answer the question is there a difference between female and male children with Down syndrome? Are females or males better at the production of a first and a foreign language? It is hypothesized that there are no differences between the two genders in the production of the first and foreign languages. The study is followed the descriptive method and it is used the questionnaire as a tool to collect the data. The questionnaire was answered by 78 parents of Down syndrome children. The results have been analyzed and it has shown that there are differences between females and males for the female in production of the first as well as the foreign language in all the ages. This results due to damage of the left hemisphere of the brain therefore the females with this Syndrome are better at producing the language than the males because the right hemisphere would take the production role instead of damaging one.
The Influence of Entrepreneurial Leadership, Self-Efficacy on Innovative Work Behavior of SMEs in Tangerang
Authors: Hidayah Nur , Rodhiah Rodhiah
Published: March 2024

Leadership is very important in business because leadership can shape and influence work behavior and employee performance. Good leadership is formed from wise leaders in planning and solving problems that arise in the company. A good leadership is able to form and improve self-efficacy both individuals and teams to become the foundation of successful leadership, able to provide positive direction for employees and bring the company to success. This will be implemented through practical entrepreneurship leadership. This entrepreneurial leadership practice will affect many things, one of which is the innovative work of employees. Good and optimal work behavior, then you will get innovative and innovative work behavior in doing their work. To find out that, the study aims to determine the influence of entrepreneurial leadership practices and self-efficacy on innovative work behavior. Studied 90 SMEs located in Tangerang. Sample selection technique with convenience sampling. Data collection by distributing questionnaires. The analysis techniques SEM using smart PLS. The results showed that there was a positive and significant influence between entrepreneurial leadership on innovative work behavior; There is a positive and significant influence between self-efficacy on innovation work behavior.
Research on the Agglomeration and Spatiotemporal Development of China's Green High-Tech Industries
Authors: Zheng Bin , Chen Wenfeng , Li Lianshui
Published: March 2024

Accurate understanding of the spatial and temporal development of the agglomeration of green high-tech industries holds significant importance for the scientific formulation of policies promoting industrial innovation and development. This has attracted increasing attention from scholars. Utilizing nearly a decade's worth of statistical data on China's green high-tech industries, this paper employs methods from spatial geography and other disciplines to analyze the temporal and spatial variations, as well as the agglomeration characteristics of these industries in China. A comprehensive analysis of the development levels of China's high-tech industries and their sub-sectors is conducted through calculations of spatial Gini coefficients, industrial concentration ratios, location quotients, and coefficients of variation.Results indicate that the four key indicators of the development of China's major high-tech industries, namely the number of enterprises, employment figures, operating income, and profits, exhibit linear growth trends. Overall, the agglomeration level of the industry shows a fluctuating downward trend. The regional agglomeration level follows a gradient distribution trend of "eastern region - central region - western region - northeastern region," with a decreasing concentration trend. Regional disparities in the agglomeration level of industries evolve over time, with an increasing concentration in the western and central regions, and a decreasing concentration in the eastern and northeastern regions. From a provincial perspective, Guangdong and Jiangsu provinces stand out with significantly higher levels of development in high-tech industries.Furthermore, distinct differences are observed in the development processes of four typical industries. The agglomeration levels, ranked from high to low, are as follows: computer and office equipment manufacturing, electronic information and communication equipment manufacturing, medical device manufacturing, and pharmaceutical manufacturing，the development of the four types of industries has undergone certain transfers and optimizations.
 
Received: 22 December 2023 | Revised: 20 February 2024 | Accepted:26 February 2024
 
Conflicts of Interest
The authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest to this work.
 
Data Availability Statement
Data available on request from the authors.
 
Author Contribution Statement
Bin Zheng: Conceptualization, Validation, Formal analysis, Writing - original draft, Writing - review & editing, Visualization, Project administration. Wenfeng Chen: Methodology, Investigation, resources, data curation, Supervision. Lianshui Li: Conceptualization, Software, Visualization, Supervision, Funding acquisition.
Proportion Estimation and Multi-Class Classification of Abnormal Brain Cells
Authors: Joshi Meenal , Singh Bhupesh Kumar
Published: March 2024

Vagueness in the determination of the tumor size creates significant hindrances in planning and quantitatively assessing brain tumor (BT) treatments. Non-invasive magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has become a primary non-ionizing radiation diagnostic tool for brain cancers. It takes a long time to manually segment the extent of a BT from 3D MRI volumes, and the performance heavily depends on the operator’s skill. A precise and automated BT segmentation tool is needed desperately. In this case, an accurate assessment of the tumor’s extent requires a reliable automated segmentation method for the BT. The multimodal BT image segmentation (BRATS 2020) dataset is used in this paper to demonstrate an automated deep convolutional network, or U-Net, method for BT segmentation. Deep learning and transfer learning are utilized to improve the accuracy and effectiveness in detecting and recognizing different types of brain cancers. The unobserved images’ F1 scores were 98% and 99%, respectively.
 
Received: 4 September 2023 | Revised: 4 February 2024 | Accepted: 27 February 2024
 
Conflicts of Interest
The authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest to this work.
 
Data Availability Statement
The data that support this work are available upon reasonable request to the corresponding author. The dataset analyzed for another part of the study can be found in the BraTS 2020.
Interactions of common species of family Hippoboscidae in Slovakia with their avian and mammalian hosts: their diversity and potential for disease transmission
Authors: Mlynárová Laura , Oboňa Jozef , Bagin Peter , Baranová Beáta , Cáfal Rudolf , Čisovská Bazsalovicsová Eva , Csanády Alexander , Dvořáková Kateřina , Fulín Miro , Kunz Gernot , Greš Stanislav , Králová-Hromadová Ivica , Krišovský Peter , Manko Peter , Radačovská Alžbeta , Repaský Jakub , Tomášiková Daniela , Hromada Martin
Published: March 2024

The hippoboscids play important roles in ecosystem functioning and can serve as indicators of biodiversity and ecosystem health. These bloodsucking ectoparasites are important from a public health perspective, as they can serve as vectors of various endoparasitic pathogens in animals and humans, although our understanding is still limited in this case. The current study provides information on the host species and distribution, which can contribute to the understanding of the ecology and epidemiology of these important arthropods with a potential impact on both animal and human health. We present an ecological parasite-host interaction network of louse flies and deer keds (Diptera: Hippoboscidae) collected from various sites in Slovakia from this time. A total of 123 new samples of eight hippoboscid fly species were captured on 17 species, including 15 birds and two mammals. New host-parasite interactions were recorded for the first time.
Potential of Carica Papaya Stem Activated Carbon in Removal of Undesired Compounds from Metakaolin
Authors: Adetoro Ezekiel Adeyemi , Abdulwahab Rasheed , Adetoro Omolara Dasola , Ayodele Folahan Okeola , Ajijola Taofeek Olalekan , Alo Benjamin Ayowole
Published: March 2024

Metakaolin (MK) is a pozzolan exhibiting additional cementitious tendency and is made by dehydroxylating Kaolin Clay (KC). In this study,potential of Carica papaya Stem Activated Carbon (CPSAC) in removal of undesired compounds or impurities from MK was examined.Carica papaya Stem (CPS) was processed into powder and chemically activated using hydrochloric (HCl) acid, while MK was produced from KC through calcination process.Five conical flasks contained 5 to 25 % CPSAC at 5 % weight intervals. Two hundredg of MK or KC was added and well mixed to achieve homogeneity.The KC+CPSAC samples were subjected to calcination inside a muffle furnace at 700 °C and removed after 1 to 2 h then allowed to cool; while the MK+CPSAC samples were soaked in water (125 mL for each sample) for 24 h, thereafter oven-dried at 105 °C. Subsequently, the samples obtained were subjected to Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) analysis to investigate their surface morphology, while X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) and X-Ray Fluorescence (XRF) techniques were employed to ascertain their chemical and mineralogical compositions, respectively.The data obtained from chemical composition analyses were thereafter subjected to optimization studies.The SEM plates showed thatthe sizes of all thesamples were within ranges of 2 and 50 nm, and their intensity pinnacles from XRD plots ranged between 200 and 4000 cps. CPSAC (21.42%) eliminated the unwanted compounds in the MK andincreasethe amount of its major oxides (Al2O3, CaO, SiO2 and Fe2O3by 43.76,16.89, 12.76, 6.51 %, respectively). In conclusion, CPSAC showed potential as a viable industrial treatment material for MK.
HIGHLIGHTS

Remediation of unwanted compounds from MK
CPSAC’s efficacies in soil (MK) remediation
Treatment effects of calcination process and agricultural adsorbent on MK
Optimization studies of MK compounds

GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT
Highly Robust Alginate-based Magnetic Nanosorbents of Pd Catalysts for the 4-Nitrophenol Reduction
Authors: Tummachote Jakkrit , Mahanitipong Usana , Rutnakornpituk Boonjira , Rutnakornpituk Metha
Published: March 2024

This work presents the synthesis of alginate-coated magnetite nanoparticle (MNP) containing amino-enriched moieties for the immobilization of palladium (Pd), and its use as a recyclable catalyst for the reduction of 4-nitrophenol (4NP) in water. The alginate grafted onto the surface of MNP contained carboxylate anions that served as coordination sites for Pd. Additionally, the incorporation of amino-enriched components, such as poly(vinyl amine) (PVAm) and 2-(dimethyl amino)ethyl methacrylate (DMAEMA), onto the alginate-coated MNPs resulted in additional interactions, including the formation of carboxylate-ammonium salts. In this study, the influence of these amino groups on the efficiency of Pd immobilization, catalytic activity and reusability of nanosorbents for 4NP reduction was investigated. The existence of Pd in the nanosorbents was detected by inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy, and energy-dispersive X-ray techniques. The average size of MNPs was approximately 12.3 ± 2.9 nm, and for Pd, it was about 3.9 ± 0.8 nm. It was found that the incorporation of these amino-enriched moieties into the particles significantly enhanced the catalytic activity of the nanosorbents. Notably, MNP containing extended DMAEMA units exhibited excellent tolerance to 4NP reduction, with an insignificant loss of catalytic performance even after 20 consecutive reuses, maintaining a conversion of over 98 %.
HIGHLIGHTS

Synthesis of alginate-based magnetite nanoparticle for the immobilization of Pd and its use as a catalyst for the reduction of 4-nitrophenol in water were presented
The carboxylate groups in alginate provided the coordinating sites for Pd immobilization and improved the particle dispersibility in water
The incorporation of amino-enriched components to the particle reduced the degree of Pd aggregation on the particle surface
The catalysts had high catalytic performance for the reduction of 4-nitrophenol in water and exhibited highly robust properties with excellent reusability for up to 20 cycles with insignificant changes in their performance

GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT
A Developed Shear Wave Source for Shallow Seismic Survey
Authors: Yordkayhun Sawasdee , Wattanasen Kamhaeng , Na Suwan Jamras
Published: March 2024

Shear wave velocity is a fundamental parameter in determining geological structures and soil characteristics for geotechnical and earthquake engineering studies. In shallow seismic data acquisition, shear wave is generated by various seismic sources. Although the data quality is affected by the choices of the seismic source, applying highly efficient sources is sometimes limited for some users and by the budget available for a project. Therefore, this work aims to design and develop an effective shear wave seismic source as an alternative for shallow seismic surveys. The developed source consists of 4 main parts, including base plate, activated mass, lifting and shooting system, body and transportation system. It is simply operated by lifting an activated mass with a sling and puller to the armed position. Under this condition, an attached spring is under compression and the maximum potential energy is stored. When the mass is released and horizontally hit the base plate, shear wave is generated by the momentum and energy transferred from the base plate into the ground. To evaluate the source capability, a comparison of the conventional and the developed source was performed at a test site. The recorded data were compared both in qualitative and quantitative manners based on the signal-to-noise ratio, energy and frequency content, signal penetration, and repeatability. It was found that signal energy generated by one blow of the developed source is equivalent to approximately three-fold of the conventional source. There is a remarkably higher repeatability from the developed source than that from the conventional source. Moreover, it is easy to operate, portable, and minimizes required man power. Overall, the new shear source is suitable and has potential application for shallow seismic surveys.
HIGHLIGHTS

The new shear wave seismic source has been developed and tested as an alternative source for shallow seismic surveys
The key advantages of the developed source are that it is simple to operate, reduces required manpower, fairly cost-effective, transportable, safe, and has a minimal environmental impact
There is a noticeably higher input signal energy transfer offered by the source leading to the deeper target depth of investigation
The better repeatable waveform led to greater accuracy of the 1st break picking in the data processing

GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT
Terapi Back Massage untuk Meningkatkan Kualitas Tidur dan Menurunkan Kecemasan Pasien Di ICU
Authors: Waladani Barkah , Suwaryo Putra Agina Widyaswara
Published: March 2024

Massage can relax muscles, improve blood circulation, reduce pain and anxiety, and improve sleep quality by increasing comfort. However, there is little research on whether back massage improves sleep quality in intensive care unit (ICU) patients. This study investigated the effect of back massage on improving vital signs, sleep quality, anxiety, and depression in ICU patients. This study used a quasi-experimental design with a convenience sampling approach to sample ICU patients. The experimental group received back massages for three consecutive days (n = 20), whereas the control group received usual care (n = 20). The Verran and Snyder-Halpern scales and the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale were used, and sleep time was recorded. The effect of the intervention was examined using a generalized estimation equation model with robust standard errors and a time-adjusted exchanMassage can relax muscles, improve blood circulation, reduce pain and anxiety, and improve sleep quality by increasing comfort. However, there is little research on whether back massage improves sleep quality in intensive care unit (ICU) patients. This study investigated the effect of back massage on improving vital signs, sleep quality, anxiety, and depression in ICU patients. This study used a quasi-experimental design with a convenience sampling approach to sample ICU patients. The experimental group received back massages for three consecutive days (n = 20), whereas the control group received usual care (n = 20). The Verran and Snyder-Halpern scales and the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale were used, and sleep time was recorded. The effect of the intervention was examined using a generalized estimation equation model with robust standard errors and a time-adjusted exchangeable working correlation matrix. The results showed that the average observed sleep time (measured by nurses) was 39 hours. Back massage improves breathing in patients, improves sleep quality, and causes significant changes in anxiety. These findings indicate that 10 minutes of back massage can improve sleep quality, sleep duration, breathing, and anxiety in ICU patients. The application of back massage shows a positive increase in the sleep quality of ICU patients. Massage training and intervention theory should be further applied when developing critical care nursing courses. geable working correlation matrix. The results showed that the average observed sleep time (measured by nurses) was 39 hours. Back massage improves breathing in patients, improves sleep quality, and causes significant changes in anxiety. These findings indicate that 10 minutes of back massage can improve sleep quality, sleep duration, breathing, and anxiety in ICU patients. The application of back massage shows a positive increase in the sleep quality of ICU patients. Massage training and intervention theory should be further applied when developing critical care nursing courses.