bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Gastro-oesophageal reflux. Part 2: medical treatment
Authors: Talalwah Narmeen Al , Woodward Sue
Published: May 2014

Introduction and Background:

Gastro-oesophageal reflux disease (GORD) is a chronic disease characterised by retrograde movement of stomach contents into the oesophagus. It causes heartburn and oesophagitis and adversely affects quality of life. If left untreated it can lead to oesophageal stricture and carcinoma. The prevalence in Western countries is 30%. This paper presents a comparative review of the effectiveness of Omeprazole with Ranitidine for treatment of GORD.

Methods:

A search for English language studies on adults was conducted using three databases, MEDLINE, EMBASE and the Cochrane Central Register of RCTs. Thirty relevant studies were included in the review.

Findings:

Omeprazole is more effective in controlling heartburn symptoms, healing oesophagitis, improving quality of life and preventing relapses than Ranitidine, but takes time to reach therapeutic effect. Ranitidine is more effective at relieving symptoms on an as required basis.

Conclusions:

Nurses need to be aware of the effectiveness and use of these medications so that patients can make informed treatment choices and develop a greater understanding of the importance of concordance with prescriptions.
Student nurse perceptions of client groups and clinical placement areas
Authors: Gillespie Mark
Published: May 2014

Changes in healthcare provision have exposed preregistration student nurses to a wider scope of client groups and education settings than previous generations of student nurses. Student placements now involve non-NHS care provision. Evidence suggests that students perceive certain client groups and education settings to be less pertinent to their professional development and less attractive with regard to future employment. This article presents the results of the first part of a mixed-methods approach study, investigating the above assertions. The students in this study appeared to regard caring for patients who have long-term/chronic conditions receiving care in non-NHS, non-acute settings, as a less attractive prospect in terms of professional development, than short-term, acute, NHS-based care provision, i.e. medical, surgical and critical care areas. Students associated non-NHS areas with non-nursing tasks and the opportunity to practise basic nursing care, while the NHS was associated with high-level skills and access to preferred client groups. Nurse educators should challenge this imbalance throughout their student nurse education programme design and delivery.
Safe patient care when using vascular access devices
Authors: Moureau Nancy
Published: May 2014

Any health professional providing care and treatment should first do no harm. With many serious infections affecting hospitals, patients can be fearful. Education and competency processes specific to vascular access devices (VADs) ensure staff have knowledge of the pathophysiology of infection, basic aseptic techniques for cannulation, device management, methods of flushing, assessing device functions, and dressing and securement techniques ( Coopersmith et al, 2002 ; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), 2011 ; Infusion Nurses Society (INS), 2011 ; Pratt et al, 2007 ). However, knowledge in these areas is often taken for granted and it is assumed that health professionals are applying such knowledge in practice. Staff education is effective in reducing infection and complications ( Coopersmith et al, 2002 ). Through teaching the Clean, Assess and Clear model, which applies to intravenous access, patient assessment and flushing catheters until clear, the basics of safe intravenous care can be consistently understood and applied, and competency assessed ( Moureau, 2012 ). Education on the principles of aseptic technique is a necessary for all nurses and doctors to establish a culture of safety in all healthcare settings. Establishing consistent, simple and clear health professional education on the care and maintenance of intravenous devices, in compliance with guidelines and recommendations, is necessary to achieve the best outcomes ( CDC, 2011 ; INS, 2011 ).
Steven Jeffery
Authors: Jeffery Steven
Published: May 2014

Steve Jeffery is Professor of Wound Study at Birmingham City University, and is a Fellow of the Royal Colleges of Surgeons of Edinburgh, England and Glasgow
Cavity wounds management: a multicentre pilot study
Authors: Meaume Sylvie , Facy Olivier , Munoz-Bongrand Nicolas , Ribemont Annie-Claude , Sigal Michèle-Léa , Couffinhal Jean-Claude , Trial Chloë , Tacca Olivier , Bohbot Serge
Published: May 2014

The objective of this study was to assess acceptability (based on pain at removal), efficacy and tolerance of an absorbent and cohesive rope (UrgoClean Rope, Laboratoires Urgo) in the local management of deep cavity wounds. This study was a prospective, multicentre (13), non-comparative clinical study. Patients presenting with an acute or chronic non-infected cavity wound were followed up for four weeks and assessed weekly with a physical examination, in addition to volumetric, planimetric and photographic evaluations. Pain at removal was the primary criterion, assessed on a Visual Analogic Scale. The percentage of the wound surface area reduction and volumetric reduction were considered as secondary efficacy criteria. Forty three patients were included in this study. After one week of treatment dressing removal was painless and continued to be so throughout the period of the trial (four weeks). Median surface area at baseline was 7.74 cm2 and was reduced by 54.5% at week 4 (relative area reduction). Median wound volumetric value was noted 12 ml at baseline and was reduced by 72.7% by the end of treatment. The cohesiveness of the new rope was considered very good by health professionals. No residue was observed on the wound bed during the dressing change with the new rope. There were no adverse events related to the tested rope, during this trial.

Pain-free removal associated with good efficacy and tolerance were observed with this new cohesive rope in the healing process of deep cavity wounds and could represent a therapeutic alternative to the usual ropes used in such indications.
Reducing patient distress: a model for dementia care
Authors: Hackman Eileen , Tomlinson Lynne , Mehrez Anita , Mackereth Peter
Published: May 2014

More than 750 000 people in the UK have some form of dementia; with a rise expected over the next 25 years. With early diagnosis of cancer, more patients with dementia will attend for cancer treatment. Immobilisation masks, used to ensure accurate head and neck radiotherapy, may trigger panic in patients, even without prior mental health problems. This single case study reports on the care provided to a patient with dementia and his carer, his wife Betty, during cancer treatment. Bert was diagnosed with dementia 10 years prior to his cancer diagnosis. The use of sedation appeared to trigger confusion rather than facilitate procedures. Bert’s case illustrates how an individualised contract of care could be developed to help maximise interactions, ensure ongoing consent and maintain dignity during difficult and challenging medical procedures.
Supporting patients following pelvic radiotherapy for endometrial cancer
Authors: Elliott Emma
Published: May 2014

Endometrial cancer is the commonest gynaecological cancer in the UK. Affected women often live with long-term complex and debilitating side-effects of radiotherapy treatment, such as bowel toxicity, fatigue and psychosexual problems. Women also experience negative feelings around self-image and sexuality, which contribute to a decline in their quality of life. A review of the literature and national policy showed that women had unmet needs after completing radiotherapy treatment for endometrial cancers, and that cancer nurse specialists are in a prime position to deliver a holistic package of personalised care. Staff at a nurse-led gynaecology oncology clinic performed an audit that found the clinic was not meeting the longer-term needs of most women after radiotherapy for endometrial cancers, and that women were attending multiple appointments to access different services. The clinical nurse specialist reviewed local and national policy, carried out situational analysis and engaged with service users to identify where change was needed and to examine whether a new model of service provision, where patients could consult different professionals at one appointment, would help them move forward in life after treatment.
Characteristics and practicalities of a new basal insulin
Authors: Stockley Susan
Published: May 2014

Although current basal insulin analogues offer substantial improvements over previous therapies, they are not yet ideal. Issues such as fear of hypoglycaemia and the complexity and rigidity of dosing regimens are significant barriers to the initiation and intensification of insulin therapy. Fear of hypoglycaemia in particular has been proven to affect negatively adherence and health-related quality of life for people with diabetes. Insulin degludec (IDeg), a new basal insulin analogue with a longer duration of action and lower variability than insulin glargine (IGlar), was granted marketing authority by the European Medicines Agency in January 2013 and launched in the UK in March 2013. Clinical data show comparable efficacy to previous insulin analogues but with a reduced risk of hypoglycaemia and greater opportunity for flexible dosing. These improvements make IDeg a viable option for insulin therapy in people with type 1 (T1D) and type 2 diabetes (T2D).
International Nurses Day
Authors: Moore Ros , McArdle Charlotte , Cummings Jane , White Jean
Published: May 2014

12 May 2014 was International Nurses Day. We hear from each Chief Nursing Officer (CNO) from the four UK countries on their views both on the past and coming year for nursing.
International Nurses Day
Authors: McArdle Charlotte
Published: May 2014

12 May 2014 was International Nurses Day. We hear from each Chief Nursing Officer (CNO) from the four UK countries on their views both on the past and coming year for nursing.
International Nurses Day
Authors: Cummings Jane
Published: May 2014

12 May 2014 was International Nurses Day. We hear from each Chief Nursing Officer (CNO) from the four UK countries on their views both on the past and coming year for nursing.
International Nurses Day
Authors: White Jean
Published: May 2014

12 May 2014 was International Nurses Day. We hear from each Chief Nursing Officer (CNO) from the four UK countries on their views both on the past and coming year for nursing.
Rheumatoid arthritis: recommendations for treat to target
Authors: Palmer Deborah , Miedany Yasser El
Published: May 2014

Integrating the rheumatoid arthritis (RA) treat-to-target concept into standard clinical practice represents a challenge to health professionals. So far, this practice-changing approach has not been widely implemented, in spite of linking its outcome to payment, which was adopted in the best practice tariffs. The recently published revisions in classification criteria and updated recommendations for optimising the use of disease-modifying anti-rheumatic and biologic agents in the treatment of RA paved the way for re-evaluating the standard clinical care models in order to improve patient outcomes, prevent joint damage, and maintain patients' functional ability as well as their quality of life. This article discusses the recent advances in the management of RA and provides a set of recommendations to provide comprehensive guidance for treatment to target with the aim of improving the quality of care for RA patients.
The problem with personalisation
Authors: Lee Chris
Published: May 2014

Personalisation carries the promise of empowering people who use social services. But for Chris Lee, a mental health team manager, the policy is becoming ensnared in a bureaucratic mire—despite the best efforts of social services staff.
A sporting chance with the Rovers
Authors: Khan Ibby
Published: May 2014

Tackling the social exclusion facing local people with mental health issues is a key aim of the ‘My Life’ project, which has close links to Premier League club Blackburn Rovers. Ibby Khan reports.
Only the lonely: how to help isolated people to engage with others
Authors: Gorman Fran
Published: May 2014

All human beings have a deep-rooted need to be with others, but a new report from the Mental Health Foundation says that loneliness is something that most people experience at some stage. Fran Gorman examines the issues
To be a pilgrim: spiritual tourism or life-changing experience?
Authors: Nolan Peter
Published: May 2014

Having just returned to the UK after making his first pilgrimage to Lourdes, Peter Nolan wonders whether health care providers could learn some lessons from the supportive approach that pilgrims display to each other
Maintaining wellbeing when a service user dies
Authors: Lakeman Richard
Published: May 2014

People who work with the homeless are likely to be exposed to the trauma and death of service users. A theory of how workers deal with sudden death was developed through grounded theory analysis of in-depth interviews with people who had worked in the sector. Maintaining wellbeing involves positively framing the life and death of the service user and homeless sector work. This involves a number of related processes and factors, such as the nature of the encounter with death, responding to death emotionally and procedurally, and being involved in the marking of death and memorials of the person’s life. Being able to recognise and respond to the vulnerability of self, peers and service users is also important. Successfully framing death enables workers to stay in the sector while maintaining their own wellbeing, enthusiasm for their work and compassion for service users.
Planting seeds of hope
Authors: Parry Nick
Published: May 2014

Gardening leave, a horticultural project, is providing a vital lifeline for veterans who have served on the frontline in Afghanistan and elsewhere. Mental health nurse Nick Parry takes a look
Stepping stones to boosting the financial capability of vulnerable groups
Authors: Howard Alice , Farrimond Paul
Published: May 2014

Alice Howard and Paul Farrimond from Consumer Financial Education Body (CFEB) report on an ambitious attempt to improve the ability of people with mental health problems to handle their personal finances
American skullcap (Scutellaria lateriflora): an ancient remedy for today’s anxiety?
Authors: Brock Christine , Whitehouse Julie , Tewfik Ihab , Towell Tony
Published: May 2014

Anxiety is a common but potentially serious disorder as it can lead to somatic and social dysfunction. Orthodox anxiolytics are associated with unpleasant side-effects and dependency. American skullcap (Scutellaria lateriflora) is a popular herb in traditional medicine systems and the western materia medica for anxiety and related disorders. Preliminary clinical and in vitro research provides encouraging support for its potential as a safe, well-tolerated and effective alternative.
Belief and the maintenance of wellbeing
Authors: Nolan Peter , Besenius Claude
Published: May 2014

The relationship between beliefs and wellbeing is complex. Peter Nolan and Claude Besenius argue that understanding beliefs about illness and health is vital for improving health care. Without this, even the best-intentioned large-scale planning can miss some communities.
Improving the physical wellbeing of people with mental health problems
Authors: Harper William , Abraha Nazareth
Published: May 2014

People with mental health problems are much more likely than the general population to suffer poor physical health. There is an urgent need for health professionals to actively promote the physical health of this group. This article reports on an audit that was carried out in the Camden & Islington NHS Foundation Trust. The outcome reinforces the view that, with appropriate training and support, all health and social care professionals can deliver personalised health promotion interventions. In addition, it underlines that in response to complex needs, health and social care professionals will increasingly have to develop a set of common generic skills that enable them to provide a consistent level of care for patients in line with the Quality, Innovation, Productivity and Prevention agenda (DH, 2010)
Depression and malnutrition: how they interact in hospital patients
Authors: Alam Shakil , Sanchez-Crespo Jose , Vignaraja Raj , D’Souza Raymond
Published: May 2014

Aim:

Malnutrition and depression are prevalent in hospital patients, particularly the elderly. There is evidence to suggest an association exists between the two, with both malnutrition and depression co-existing in some patients. The aim of this study is to assess the association between nutritional status and depressive symptoms.

Methods:

Our study comprised 129 adult medical patients admitted to Chase Farm Hospital during the period of 15 August to 15 October 2009. Each individual's age and gender were noted, in addition to their nutritional status and incidence of depression, as assessed by the Liverpool Nutritional Score and PHQ-9 questionnaires respectively.

Results:

Six confused patients were excluded to avoid unreliable answers to the depression screening questionnaire. Of the 129 remaining patients, the mean age was 80.2 years; 60% were male and 40% female. Malnutrition was identified in 54% (n=70) and depression in 46.5% (n=60) of the sample. Of the malnourished patients, a total of 56.5% (n=40) were depressed. Of the non-malnourished patients only 15.2% (n=9) were found to be depressed.

Conclusions:

Nutritional deficit presented a significant association with depression. In patients suffering from one of these problems, this should prompt screening for the other. Further research is needed to analyse the direction of causation in this relationship: is depression a risk factor for malnutrition, is the converse true, or does another variable underpin both?
Talking therapies: the Improving Access to Psychological Therapies Programme
Authors: Dodd Tom , Hardy Robert
Published: May 2014

Tom Dodd and Robert Hardy explain the aims of the programme set up to deliver on NICE guidance in treating anxiety and depression. They argue that it offers advantages for helping more people towards recovery, and consider some of the challenges to be faced in a time of change for the NHS generally.
Books not bibliotherapy
Authors: Dyer Lindsey
Published: May 2014

With a growing number of ‘books on prescription’ schemes for people with mental health needs, Lindsey Dyer finds that while they may work for some, for others there are many obstacles in gaining access to self-help books
Continuing Professional Development: Managing obesity and weight gain in mental health service users
Authors: Nash Michael
Published: May 2014

This article introduces the growing problem of obesity in mental health services users. It examines factors such as prevalence and potential causes before exploring obesity-related health complications. The mental health practitioner role in screening, assessing, giving health education and promotion advice in relation to diet and physical activity will be explored alongside self assessment to test the reader’s knowledge
The root of ADHD: nature or nurture?
Authors: Adamou Marios
Published: May 2014

Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) has once again hit the headlines after a study suggested a genetic link to the disorder. Marios Adamou assesses the impact of these findings
Caring for a child with a long-term condition: a family case study
Authors: Watson Claudia
Published: May 2014

Claudia Watson reflects on her personal experience to describe the potential difficulties of parenting a child with congenital heart disease and how to overcome them
Developing a recovery pathway for people with complicated grief
Authors: Robertson Trudy , Scanlan Mike
Published: May 2014

This article—the first of a two part series—shares with practitioners, commissioners and policy makers our experiences of developing a clinical pathway that can aid the recovery of people who are experiencing complicated grief symptoms. The article begins with a discussion that highlights and analyses the range of grief issues that may present in primary care. Complicated grief is not currently recognised as a distinct diagnostic condition. The article suggests that this may influence the accurate assessment of clinical need and subsequent treatment and recovery. This article has been written to share our experiences of developing a clinical pathway that can aid the recovery of people who are experiencing complicated grief symptoms
Mental health and employment in the big society: is there a role for big employers?
Authors: Crowe Shaun , Kendall Louise , McLoughlin Brendan
Published: May 2014

Shaun Crowe, Louise Kendall and Brendan McLoughlin ask what implications the ‘big society’ might have for employment, and review the impact of an award-winning employment project
A service evaluation of recovery support from the patient’s perspective
Authors: Hayward Sue , Ayres Joe
Published: May 2014

This study aimed to assess the patient perspective of recovery and service orientation towards recovery in Broadmoor Hospital High Secure Mental Health Service. A service evaluation using sections of the Developing Recovery Enhancing Environment Measure (DREEM) ( Ridgeway and Press, 2004 ) was conducted in six wards in Broadmoor Hospital covering acute admission, intensive care, high-dependency and assertive rehabilitation. A total of 21 patients were recruited and the questionnaire completed either by self administration or with support from the project team. In the quantitative components of patients’ individual stage of recovery the highest rated score was ‘being actively involved and fully in recovery. The most positive rated elements were: having ones basic needs met, having assistance when in crisis, being involved in meaningful activities and improving health and wellness. The areas identified for improvement in the service orientation component were empowering patients, respect and feeling valued. Results indicated that patients wanted better quality engagement with staff citing a need for more honesty, listening and empowerment.
Smoking cessation: what adolescents need and want
Authors: Croghan Emma , Beirne Kate , Johnson Carol
Published: May 2014

Almost one-quarter of 15 year olds smoke regularly, yet very little is known about how to help them stop. This study explored how much young smokers want to quit, and the kind of help they want from smoking cessation services, in order to provide them with more appropriate support.
A healthy schools lead nurse
Authors: Hagues Jenny
Published: May 2014

Jenny Hagues describes a typical week at work which includes mentoring a work experience student, helping deliver a ‘my body’ workshop for pupils and making a junior school validation visit.
The nutritional quality of foods advertised on UK children's TV
Authors: Johnson Carol , Croghan Emma , Winston James , Cremin James , Low Adam , Roberts Gareth
Published: May 2014

With the increasing trend of childhood obesity, concerns have been raised about the influence of food advertising on children's eating habits. This paper describes a content analysis of food advertising on UK terrestrial children's television and of the nutritional quality of the food products advertised.
An SCPHN school nursing student
Authors: Price Jayne
Published: May 2014

Jayne Price describes a typical week as a Specialist Community Public Health Nursing (SCPHN) student who juggles lectures, studying, practical training and placement days with family life and the occasional glass of wine.
Birmingham PCT: current projects and news
Authors: Hagues Jenny
Published: May 2014

The public health team in south Birmingham are addressing the national target that all schools become Healthy Schools by 2009, by implementing a number of projects that encourage young people to make healthy choices and which tackle complex issues such as obesity and smoking.
Developing a public health model in Massachusetts USA
Authors: Sheetz Anne
Published: May 2014

School nurses are uniquely qualified to coordinate a wide spectrum of school and community resources and services. With both clinical and management expertise, as well as the ability to work with families and other health professionals, they have the potential to provide a high level of care.
Bridging the gap: transitioning from child to adult services
Authors: Day Patricia , Turnner James , Hollows Anne , Brookes Elaine
Published: May 2014

It can be difficult for teenagers with mental health problems to make a smooth transition into the adult services. A focus group and individual interviews were undertaken with service users, their families and key workers and the findings revealed a gap in services for a vulnerable group of clients.
Increasing the uptake of healthy school lunches
Authors: Clapham Michael
Published: May 2014

School nurses have an important role to play in encouraging children to stay in school and eat a healthy school lunch. School nutrition action groups have proven to be a success in promoting the uptake of school meals and school nurses would be able to lead this new initiative.
Perception of family violence by selected adolescents in Nigeria
Authors: Ogunfowokan Adesola A , Irinoye Omolola O , Oyeleye Babatunde A
Published: May 2014

Different adolescents view violating behaviour differently, and the dispute in beliefs may shape how they treat their children in the future. School nurses can make a difference in helping adolescents to understand the correct behaviour and incorrect behaviour.
Bullying in schools: a new era
Authors: Dudeney Jane
Published: May 2014

Bullying is not a new concept and has always been an issue for children, especially in schools. However, modern technology such as mobile phones and the Internet mean that there are now several new ways that children can be bullied and it is getting easier to keep it hidden from adults.
No Smoking Day: school-based tobacco prevention
Authors: Percival Jennifer
Published: May 2014

Many young people take up smoking in childhood and it is important to provide services that will advise them on how to give up, because if they continue to smoke into adulthood, their health can seriously suffer. School nurses are positioned ideally to offer sympathetic and necessary guidance.
A week in the life of a male school nurse
Authors: Carruthers Paul
Published: May 2014

Being one of the few male school nurses around means that Paul is used to the surprised faces when school students first meet him. His busy week involves attending E-CAF training, helping out at youth centres and working within a Special Inclusive Learning Centre.
National Smile Month: improving children’s oral health
Authors: Greenwood Leigh
Published: May 2014

With National Smile Month, the UK’s biggest annual oral health event, taking place from 18 May to 17 June 2008, Leigh Greenwood talks about the importance of children’s oral hygiene and what school nurses can do to get involved.
Education appointed child and family specialist nurse
Authors: Coverdale Gill
Published: May 2014

In the first of a series of interviews about ‘alternative’ school nursing provision, Gill Coverdale talks with Beverley Atkinson, former SCPHN School Nurse graduate and full time education appointed Child and Family Specialist Nurse for a rural Secondary School in Huddersfield, West Yorkshire.
Sex and relationships guidance
Authors: Fallon Debbie
Published: May 2014

At the moment, sex and relationship education (SRE) is not compulsory in English schools. While some schools may have teachers discuss SRE in personal, health and social education, they may not feel comfortable with the subject matter. School nurses are ideally placed to do this.
Different expectations can lead to confusion about the school nurse’s role
Authors: Stockman Tina R
Published: May 2014

Aim:

To gain qualitative information on the perceptions and expectations of the school nurse’s role in Scotland.

Method:

Information was gathered using a short questionnaire aimed at educationalists, health professionals and families. Data were analysed using role theory.

Results:

The results indicate that the reference groups had very different expectations of school nurses.

Conclusions:

Communication between the reference groups concerning interpretation and implementation of new professional guidelines on health and education services is a difficult and contentious issue and there is a pressing need for more clarity over the role of school nurses and efforts to increase public understanding of this role. Recommendations are made for future investigation and research.
Barriers to accessing sexual health services
Authors: Enson Stephanie
Published: May 2014

Through effective communication school nurses can inform, support and empower young people to make informed choices. Stephanie Enson discusses key barriers to effective sexual health communication and looks at solutions to engage young people.
Contraception advice for under-16s: An overview
Authors: Hand Helen
Published: May 2014

School nurses are often the first port of call for information on contraception. They are in an ideal position to discuss the different methods available for children under the age of 16 years, as well as their advantages and disadvantages.
Effects of divorce or parental separation on children
Authors: Weston Frances
Published: May 2014

In this second article in a series on different mental health issues affecting children and young people, Frances Weston investigates the effects of parental separation or divorce in children and young people.
Dispensing healthy eating advice: Amanda Norman’s day
Authors: Norman Amanda
Published: May 2014

06:30 I am woken by the alarm. Put on the kettle and have a shower
Teaching tips for school nurses: Organizing effective group work
Authors: Ainsworth Paul
Published: May 2014

In the second article of a series on teaching tips for delivering PSHE, for school nurses with no previous classroom experience, Paul Ainsworth provides useful information on organizing and planning effective group work.
Anaphylaxis part 2: Managing severe allergies in school
Authors: Clarke Sue
Published: May 2014

In this second article of a series on anaphylaxis, Sue Clarke focuses on some of the management problems faced by schools when dealing with children with severe allergies, and offers an insight into the steps needed to manage their allergies safely.
‘HPV? Never heard of it’ Students and the HPV vaccine
Authors: Racktoo Sophie , Coverdale Gill
Published: May 2014

Aim:

Research was carried out to explore the knowledge and attitudes regarding HPV and the HPV vaccine among 12–13-year-old girls.

Method:

The research used four focus groups of school-aged girls. The ‘framework analysis approach’ (Krueger, 1994) was used for data analysis.

Results:

Five key recurring themes were identified: knowledge about HPV, concerns about the HPV vaccine, acceptability of the vaccination programme, media coverage affecting attitudes towards cervical cancer and the HPV vaccine, information about HPV and the HPV vaccine.

Conclusions:

This study concluded that the HPV vaccination programme has been successful in promoting a positive attitude to its value. However, information about HPV and the HPV vaccine must be communicated to girls and their parents using creative methods relevant to the target population.
‘To prevent child sexual abuse, we need to start talking about it’
Authors: Findlater Donald
Published: May 2014

Donald Findlater explains why it is important to attempt a comprehensive child sexual abuse prevention strategy and what the role of schools would be.
Anaphylaxis part 3: Managing emergencies with confidence
Authors: Fitzsimons Roisin , Kane Patricia , Fox Adam
Published: May 2014

This third article in a series on anaphylaxis focuses on early recognition and prompt treatment. These two aspects are essential components of the succesful management of anaphylaxis.
Supporting reception children suffering from constipation
Authors: Lamb Suzanne
Published: May 2014

When trying to help children suffering from constipation and overflow, Suzanne Lamb developed an innovative idea to help them overcome their reluctance to use the toilet.
Teaching hand washing skills in primary school
Authors: Lamb Suzanne
Published: May 2014

This lesson plan aims to teach good handwasing skills to primary pupils. The session might take approximately 50 minutes for a large junior class but probably less for a smaller group.
The psychological effects of acne in teenagers
Authors: Joseph Diane , Sterling Anne
Published: May 2014

Diane Joseph and Anne Sterling discuss the importance of understanding the psychological effects that acne can have on adolescents.
Management of a death following HPV vaccination
Authors: Grainger Caron
Published: May 2014

Incidents may happen following vaccine administration and school nurses need to be prepared to respond to such an event. Dr Caron Grainger details the process that followed the death of a young girl and shares useful points to consider should an incident occur.
Role play can be a valuable tool for the delivery of PSHE
Authors: Burton-Wilcock Donna
Published: May 2014

Donna Burton-Wilcock explains why role-play can be a potentially effective tool in the delivery of PSHE, by helping students explore challenging issues.
Giving students a voice on smoking issues through film
Authors: Ford Karen , Barker Rhiannon , Crosier Adam , Hampson Jayne , Shaw Lucinda
Published: May 2014

This article describes the rationale underpinning the development of Cut Films — a social marketing intervention encouraging participants to work collaboratively to write, produce and direct films that challenge other young people who smoke to reconsider their attitudes and behaviours. It summarizes the findings and recommendations from the qualitative evaluation of the pilot phase with young people in schools and youth clubs and details how the campaign has responded to the research and suggests how school nurses can become involved.
Taking a solution-focused approach to public health
Authors: Wakefield Susan , Day Patricia , Stansfield Karen
Published: May 2014

Susan Wakefield, Patricia Day, and Karen Stansfield explore the application of solution-focused therapy techniques when working with vulnerable families.
Providing special antenatal care for pregnant teenagers in school settings
Authors: Henshaw Pete , Parr Chris
Published: May 2014

Antenatal care for pregnant teenagers should be provided in school settings according to new health guidelines.
A history of mental health and wellbeing, part 2
Authors: Wright Jane
Published: May 2014

It is only relatively recently that mental illness has been better understood, and one could argue that there remains a lack of knowledge in the general population: discrimination and stigma still exist in modern society (BBC, 2009). The more that is discovered about how the brain works, it seems, the more it becomes apparent how little we know about the mind. The treatment of mental illness through the centuries has ranged from the clearly barbaric to the insane in itself. A lack of knowledge and understanding led to the mentally ill being subjected to public humiliation, violence, isolation, religious fervour and incarceration.
Exploring views on primary prevention of eating disorders
Authors: Miller Kathryn , Coverdale Gill
Published: May 2014

Primary prevention programmes are recommended for eating disorders as they are debilitating, time-consuming to treat and in some cases fatal. However, current methods have found limited success. Research suggests this is because of both teaching content and teaching style. The aim of this research was to explore the views of adolescent girls on the content and teaching style of primary prevention programmes for eating disorders. A convenience sample of 22 female participants aged 10–14 took part in this qualitative research project, using focus groups and interactive tasks to collect the data. Framework analysis using the framework model developed by Ritchie and Spencer (1994) was used to analyse results. Findings revealed that participants had a basic knowledge of eating disorders and their predisposing risk factors, including the negative impact that the media has on body image. Key recommendations include: improving information sources for young people on eating disorders, practical advice on healthy lifestyles and how to help someone who has an eating disorder and a range of teaching strategies, including effective use of the media to deliver the messages.
Asthma part 2: managing treatment in schools
Authors: McMurray Ann
Published: May 2014

There are, on average, two children in every classroom with asthma. It is important that school nurses are aware of the latest evidence on the condition.

The purpose of this second article is to outline the different types of medications used to treat asthma, correct inhaler technique and to examine the use of health care plans in schools.
Children with autism are at risk of missing out
Authors: Lambert Sarah
Published: May 2014

Outcomes for children with autism, and special educational needs (SEN) in general, need to be improved. However, the publication of the SEN Green Paper has been delayed while education reforms are ongoing.
How to involve teaching assistants in the session
Authors: Faber Krista
Published: May 2014

This month Krista Faber provides some suggestions to help school nurses, with no or little experience in teaching PSHE, who have access to a teaching assistant how best to involve him/her in the delivery of the sessions.
Supporting children with auditory processing disorder
Authors: Campbell Nicci
Published: May 2014

The term ‘Auditory Processing Disorder (APD)’ refers to difficulty processing what we hear; it has an estimated prevalence of 2–3% in children. Diagnosis and management of APD requires a multi-disciplinary approach, given the potential impact of APD on listening, communication and academic outcomes, and considering the frequent comorbidity of APD with related language and learning difficulties. This article provides an overview of the controversy surrounding the definition of APD, the prevalence of the disorder, difficulties associated with APD, the value of a multi-disciplinary approach and finally the management of APD.
Identifying eating disorders in adolescent boys
Authors: Lepkowska Dorothy
Published: May 2014

Eating disorders are traditionally associated with teenage girls, but they can affect boys just as profoundly. School nurses may be the first point of contact for boys suffering from an eating disorder and it is vital that they know how to recognise and refer them appropriately.
Working toward improving quality and efficiency in school nursing
Authors: Manning Sean
Published: May 2014

In times of increased pressure on the health service, being able to demonstrate productivity is essential. This article looks at the Productive Community Services programme and how this could be applied to school nursing teams to help improve quality and efficiency.
Diagnosis, management and prevention of measles
Authors: Watkins Jean
Published: May 2014

Cases of measles still do occur in the UK. It is important to be able to recognize and offer adequate advice should a case occur. Young parents should be encouraged to ensure that their children receive full cover from the MMR vaccine at the appropriate times. School nurses may have the opportunity to catch up on those who have missed out, discuss the reasons with parents and, where possible, immunize them.
How to manage a class discussion effectively
Authors: Faber Krista
Published: May 2014

In this series of articles aimed at school nurses new to teaching, Krista Faber provides some suggestions on effectively managing class discussion during PSHE sessions.
Detection, assessment and diagnosis of ADHD
Authors: Laver-Bradbury Cathy
Published: May 2014

Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) affects 3–5% of school aged children; however, in some areas of the UK only 1-2% are being recognized as having ADHD and receiving treatment. Despite the importance of early recognition and treatment being well documented, it remains difficult to detect. In this article the author looks at the crucial role that school nurses can play in the identification of children with ADHD.
Sexual health assessment in the extended school setting
Authors: Enson Stephanie
Published: May 2014

Sexual health assessment is key in the delivery of sexual health services. Stephanie Enson looks at different aspects of sexual health assessment, including: delivering a relevant service, legal and safeguarding considerations, and training needs.
Using reward systems in order to motivate pupils
Authors: Faber Krista
Published: May 2014

In this series of articles aimed at school nurses new to teaching, Krista Faber provides some suggestions on using rewards to motivate pupils. These are particularly helpful if you teach the same classes regularly and/or know the pupils well.
The treatment of ADHD in children and young people
Authors: Laver-Bradbury Cathy
Published: May 2014

In this second article in a short series on attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), the author discusses the treatments recommended for children and young people with ADHD, and offers advice to school nurses working in school with children who may present with challenging behaviour as a result of their ADHD.
Supporting children with human immunodeficiency virus
Authors: Asalut Wazir
Published: May 2014

In this article, Wazir Asalut comments on the history of the human immunodeficiency virus, its incidence and some of the implications for children living with HIV.
Juvenile idiopathic arthritis: Symptoms and diagnosis
Authors: Kelly Jane , Beresford Michael W
Published: May 2014

Although this may sometimes come as a surprise to families, health professionals and the public alike, children and young people can get arthritis. Indeed, it is one of the commonest paediatric chronic conditions, and can be associated with significant related morbidity and even mortality. It is important that all health professionals are aware of how to screen for musculoskeletal problems. The differential diagnosis of arthritis in children is broad and needs to be actively excluded. The diagnosis of juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) is made by detailed clinical assessment and examination. There is no one investigation to confirm diagnosis. JIA is an umbrella term for a group of different disease subtypes. It is important that diagnosis and aggressive treatment be started promptly to avoid complications. Specialists should lead the management of children and young people with JIA through multi-disciplinary paediatric rheumatology teams working in close partnership with all health professionals involved in their care, especially school nurses.
Plain packaging can help stop children taking up smoking
Authors: King Jean
Published: May 2014

The government is currently running a consultation on standardized packaging for all tobacco products. In this article, Jean King comments on some of Cancer Research UK's latest findings on tobacco packaging and the effects these can have on children and young people.
Human papillomavirus immunisation programme: Update and way forward
Authors: Davies Elaine
Published: May 2014

In 2008, the Department of Health launched a national human papillomavirus immunisation programme targeted at female year 8 students, as well as a catch-up for 13-17-year-olds. This article provides an overview of the programme and planned changes, and considers recent calls to extend the programme to older and male students.
Implementing effective mental health promotion in schools
Authors: Hewitt Debbie , Aldridge Amanda
Published: May 2014

Children and young people whose emotional and mental health needs are met are better able to achieve. In this article, Debbie Hewitt and Amanda Aldridge explain the benefits of collaborative working for effective mental health strategies and how it benefited their practice.
Looking at the impact of ADHD on children
Authors: Mall Madan , Holland Paul
Published: May 2014

Up to 400 000 children are said to have ADHD in the UK. In this article Madan Mall and Paul Holland consider the causes and impact of the condition and discuss evidence of polarised behaviour in sufferers.
The importance of ensuring the quality of school meals
Authors: Lepkowska Dorothy
Published: May 2014

School meals can play an essential role in influencing the future health of children and young people. The Department for Education has recently decommissioned its annual survey on the nutritional content of school meals, Dorothy Lepkowska looks at the potential impact of this decision.
Looking at the potential impact and management of acne
Authors: Watkins Jean
Published: May 2014

Acne is a common skin condition in adolescents and young adults. Severe cases can lead to scarring if left untreated. The condition can also have a substantial impact on young people's self-esteem and emotional health and wellbeing.

School nurses can help support young people with acne by providing advice on the condition and its treatment, and through referral when appropriate.
Mental health checks for pupils: What role for school nurses?
Authors: Peate Ian
Published: May 2014

Following recent calls for a national screening programme in schools to enable early identification of mental health problems, Ian Peate looks at the potential benefits, the need for investment in children's mental health and the role school nurses could play if the idea was to be rolled out.
British adolescents' sun protection and UV exposure awareness
Authors: Williams Alison , Grogan Sarah , Clark-Carter David , Buckley Emily
Published: May 2014

The study was designed to investigate British adolescents' awareness of, and attitudes towards, sun protection and UV exposure. A qualitative design was used: data were collected from 227 Caucasian adolescents at a British secondary school, using open-ended questionnaires and ten focus groups. Data were analysed using thematic analysis. The adolescents were all aware of sun protection, and felt that there were both advantages and disadvantages to the use of sunscreen, as well as advantages and disadvantages of UV exposure. They had mixed attitudes towards the benefits of tanned skin. The adolescents in this study had a good level of awareness of sun protection and the risks of UV exposure behaviour. However, there is a need for interventions that inform adolescents about the potential impact of UV exposure due to some of their ambivalent attitudes towards sun protection use and their positive attitudes towards UV exposure.
New research looks at factors influencing risk-taking behaviour
Authors: Walker Ian
Published: May 2014

Professor Ian Walker shares some of the findings from new research into factors influencing risk-taking behaviour, with a particular focus on personality traits.
Protecting students from female genital mutilation
Authors: Momoh Comfort
Published: May 2014

Female genital mutilation (FGM) presents important risks to the physical and mental health and wellbeing of girls and women affected. The practice of FGM is still an issue in the UK despite being illegal. School nurses can play an important role in raising awareness on the subject, protecting at-risk girls and young women, and offer them the support they need. This article looks at the types of FGM, their risks, and the role school nurses can play in raising awareness.
Current physiotherapy treatment for whiplash injury to the neck
Authors: Maxwell Maureen
Published: May 2014

Although physiotherapy is widely accepted as a treatment for disorders of the cervical spine following a whiplash injury, there is little information on the treatments in current use. This article reports the results of a survey to identify preferred physiotherapy treatments in the management of cervical whiplash injury.