bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
What is the difference between X and Y? … The implicit in riddles
Authors: Sfar Inès
Published: June 2019

By postulating that riddles are regular discursive forms, whose structural analysis is likely to reveal linguistics properties (syntactics, lexicals and semantics), as well as figural, symbolic and ethnolinguistic characteristics, we propose a pluri-dimensional analysis for this particular discursive genre, in order to understand, and present, the underlying mechanism of their construction.
Improving privacy choice through design: How designing for reflection could support privacy self-management
Authors: Terpstra Arnout , Schouten Alexander P. , De Rooij Alwin , Leenes Ronald E.
Published: July 2019

In today’s society online privacy is primarily regulated by two main regulatory systems: (command-and-control) law and notice and consent (i.e., agreeing to terms of agreement and privacy policies). Both systems prohibit reflection on privacy issues from the public at large and restrict the privacy debate to the legal and regulatory domains. However, from a socio-ethical standpoint, the general public needs to be included in the privacy debate in order to make well-informed decisions and contribute to the law-making process. Therefore, we argue that privacy regulation must shift from a purely legal debate and simple one-time yes/no decisions by ‘data subjects’ to public (debate and) awareness and continuous reflection on privacy and privacy decisions by users of IT systems and services. In order to allow for this reflective thinking, individuals need to (1) understand what is at stake when interacting with digital technology; (2) have the ability to reflect on the consequences of their privacy decisions; and (3) have meaningful controls to express their privacy preferences. Together, these three factors could provide for knowledge, evaluation and choice within the context of online privacy. In this paper, we elaborate on these factors and provide a design-for-privacy model that introduces friction as a central design concept that stimulates reflective thinking and thus restores the privacy debate within the public arena.
Reviewer Acknowledgements
Authors: Williams Richard
Published: June 2019

Journal of Agricultural Studies (JAS) would like to acknowledge the following reviewers for their assistance with peer review of manuscripts for this issue. Many authors, regardless of whether JAS publishes their work, appreciate the helpful feedback provided by the reviewers. Their comments and suggestions were of great help to the authors in improving the quality of their papers. Each of the reviewers listed below returned at least one review for this issue.Reviewers for Volume 7, Number 2Angel Ramon Sanchez Delgado, Universidade federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro, BrazilAnil Kumar Matta, KLEF, IndiaBabak Mohammadi, University of Tehran, IranChenlin Hu, The Ohio State University, USAEliana Mariela Werbin, National University of Cordoba, ArgentinianFábio Cassola, UNICAMP, BrazilFabrício Oliveira Fernandes, State University Júlio de Mesquita Filho - FCAV, BrazilIl Rae Rho, Gyeongsang National University, South KoreaJeferson Coutinho, Federal Institute of Science, BrazilJosé Roberto Chaves Neto, Federal University of Santa Maria, BrazilLiang Guo, Northwest A&F University, ChinaMohammed El Basuini, Kagoshima University, JapanPatricia P. Acheampong, CSIR-Crops Research Institute, GhanaServet Aras, Bozok University, TurkeyShaibu Baanni Azumah, University for Development Studies, GhanaSomaia Alkhair, Alzaeim Alazhari University, SudanZakaria Fouad Abdallah, National Research Centre, EgyptZhao Chen, Clemson University, USA  Richard WilliamsEditorial AssistantJournal of Agricultural Studies--------------------------------------Macrothink Institute5348 Vegas Dr.#825Las Vegas, Nevada 89108United StatesPhone: 1-702-953-1852 ext.521Fax: 1-702-420-2900Email: jas@macrothink.orgURL: http://jas.macrothink.org
The Impact of Pay Level Satisfaction and Company Reputation on Work Engagement: A Study on Employees Graduated Between 2010 and 2017 working in Saudi Arabia Universities
Authors: Alzailai Maha Saeed , Almeshal Soad A.
Published: July 2019

Purpose: the main purpose of this study is to investigate and understand the impact of pay level satisfaction and company reputation on work engagement.   Design/methodology/approach: the study considered an empirical study that uses a qualitative method and probability sampling technique. The questionnaire was conduct using internet- based survey where the sample includes random male and female working in both public and privet Saudi universities with 72 retrieved.Findings: the study shows that pay level satisfaction and company reputation have a significant statistical impact on work engagement.
Ergative is not inherent: Evidence from *ABA in suppletion and syncretism
Authors: Zompì Stanislao
Published: July 2019

I show that case syncretism obeys the same *ABA restriction previously observed in case-sensitive suppletion: no Vocabulary-Insertion rule can apply to both an inherent case and an unmarked core case (nominative/absolutive) without also applying to another core case (accusative/ergative). The case hierarchy that these effects motivate is one where the ergative is consistently put in the same box as the accusative, separately from all inherent cases. This offers a new kind of argument in favor of dependent-case theories, whereby accusative and ergative are both structurallyassigned to nominals that stand in an asymmetric c-command relation to another as-yet-caseless nominal nearby.
¿Cómo replantear la enseñanza de las ciencias sociales en el sistema educativo?: Una reflexión desde las disciplinas
Authors: Rodríguez Rivas Carlos
Published: July 2019

Revista de Humanidades y Ciencias Sociales No.7, 2016: 15-19
Identity Politics and Resistance: The Social Media Response to the Elk River Chemical Spill
Authors: Nardella Beth
Published: July 2019

In 2014, thousands of gallons of a chemical used to clean coal leaked into the Elk River, the source of drinking water for three hundred thousand residents of the Charleston, West Virginia, area. The crisis inspired a community to use new media in acts of resistance against internal othering and to embrace marginalization. With the internet as a tool for social change and a platform for resistance, passionate blog posts went viral and motivated many to comment, reinforcing/re-centering place and space in identity politics. This paper illustrates how one blog post written after the spill created an opportunity and a space for members of a community to use social media to participate in a process of resistance. Their remarks demonstrate the complexity of identity politics in a marginalized region, long defined by otherness.
West Virginia: A Case for Economic Distributism in Appalachia
Authors: Nesbitt J. Todd
Published: July 2019

Since the development of the Appalachian Regional Commission (ARC) in 1965, Appalachia has been subjected to top-down, nodal development strategies that have, at best, produced mixed results. This article presents a critical analysis of modernist-based development within West Virginia and argues the need for a radical rethinking of economic development theory within the state. More specifically, this paper considers the potential of economic distributism, as experienced through Spain’s Mondragon Cooperative Corporation, as a viable and sustainable economic development alternative for West Virginia.
Seeing Greenpoint Virtually and Actually Change: Polish Americans and Gentrification in Brooklyn
Authors: Krase Jerome
Published: June 2019

Most studies of socioeconomic changes in urban neighborhoods in America rely on analyses of the demographic characteristics of local residents as reported in the decennial United States Census. This visually enhanced article looks at such transitions as reflected in the vernacular landscapes of local shopping streets as well as how changes in the ethnic and class “character” of the neighborhood are presented in the mass and electronic media. The specific subject for this article is how Brooklyn, New York’s Greenpoint neighborhood has changed in response to the overwhelming pressures of gentrification over a period of three decades.
‘Not yet Uhuru’: Interpreting the Education System in Post-Independence South Sudan
Authors: Kuyok Kuyok Abol
Published: June 2019

South Sudan’s independence in July 2011 came with a euphoric promise to break with the Sudan’s culturaldomination, epitomised by the latter’s education system. Yet, despite the introduction of the national curriculum,South Sudan, as a part of the modern Sudan for decades, is struggling to rid itself of the colonial education system.This article examines the persistence of foreign education in post-independence South Sudan. The complexities ofthe foreign education are intertwined with the concurrent political and economic upheavals that have bedevilled theworld’s youngest nation. The national curriculum is encumbered by government underfunding ofeducation-associated with a poorly performing economy exacerbated by conflict. Underinvestment in education haswider implications for the provision of learning resources and teacher training. South Sudan’s continuous reliance onforeign schooling curricula implies that its education system is not yet ‘free’ and independent. Most importantly, inthe context of the renewed conflict, the lack of the national curriculum is critical for South Sudan’s nation-buildingagenda. The evidence in this article has implications for improving educational policy and practice in South Sudanand other similar post-conflict African countries.
Quasicrystalline Phase Formation of the Al67Cu26Fe15 Alloy
Authors: Nascimento Luciano , Melnyk Anastasiia
Published: July 2019

O presente trabalho teve como objetivo caracterizar a microestrutura da fase icosaedral (f-fase quasicristalina) do sistema com composição estequiométrica do quasicristal Al67Cu26Fe15. A liga ternária com composição nominal de Al67Cu26Fe15 foi processada por Moagem Mecânica de Alta Energia, como um método viável de processamento no estado sólido para a produção de várias fases quasicristalinas metaestáveis e estáveis. A caracterização estrutural das amostras obtidas foi realizada por difração de raios-X (DRX) e Microscopia Eletrônica de Varredura (MEV), enquanto a composição elementar dos elementos químicos Al, Fe e Cu foram determinados pela técnica de Espectroscopia de raios X por energia dispersiva (EDS). Na superfície da liga quasicristalina, podemos observar no SEM a presença da alumina g-Al2O3, que contribui para as propriedades texturais de suporte catalítico deviso a sua atividade catalítica, visando maior desempenho em reações de oxidação do metanol. De acordo com os resultados de XRD, os padrões de difração da liga Al67Cu26Fe15 mostraram a presença das fases w-Al7Cu2Fe, b-Al(Fe;Cu) e l-Al13Fe4 coexistem com a f-fase quasicristalina em regime termodinâmico. Finalmente, a análise elementar indica que durante a síntese da liga existe pequena variação da composição ideal. Os resultados indicam que ligas com alto percentual de fase icosaedral podem ser obtidas por fundição ao ar.
Socioeconomic Characteristics and the Impacts of Land Use Changes to Sugar Cane in Quirinópolis, Brazil
Authors: Nacife Jean Marc , Soares Frederico A. Loureiro , Castoldi Gustavo
Published: June 2019

The socioeconomic impacts arising from the change in the traditional productive systems for sugar cane have caused weightings. This article proposes to investigate the socioeconomic characteristics and impacts of the use of the land with cane field, by using municipal indicators and agricultural establishments of Quirinópolis. The field survey used margin of sampling error of 5% and a confidence level of 95%, sampling 58 establishments and aiming to analyze their characteristics and impacts in function of this change by means of socioeconomic indices proposed, statistical tests and correlations. We used the survey methodology applying inferential statistical techniques, cluster analysis, Spearman correlation tests of normality (Kolmogorov-Smirnov and Shapiro-Wilk) and hypothesis tests (Wilcoxon Test). The analysis of the socioeconomic indices approached two perspectives. In the Municipal Prospect, found that the indexes: IFDM-2005 [0.6713], IFDM-2016 [0.8387] and IFDM-V [0.1996]. The indices show the range of a high municipal development. In the analysis of agricultural establishments, the indices assessed the following values: rural exodus [-0.09], succession [1.44], association [3.75], rural heritage [-0.44 and -0.04] and overall remuneration [0.57]. About land use change, it was detected that occurred mostly in pastures converted to sugar cane; there is a correlation between the indices that the Wilcoxon tests confirmed the statistical significance at the level of 5% (p-value). It is concluded that the socioeconomic impacts promoted from change in land use of traditional productive systems for sugar cane were overwhelmingly positive and promoted the development in a view of municipal and agricultural establishments in the period studied.
Natural Regeneration Under Influence of Sustainable Management Plan in Caatinga
Authors: Souza Mailson Pereira de , Alves Allyson Rocha , Bakke Ivonete Alves , Lopes Josueldo Alves , Santos Wellington de Sousa , Fernando Emanoel Messias Pereira , Freitas Amanda de Lira , Amorim Felipe Silva
Published: June 2019

Despite being one of the most heterogeneous Brazilian biomes, regardless of being the least known, the Caatinga is under strong anthropism. In this way the forest management offers techniques that, when used, guarantees the maintenance of the sustainability of the productive system, sustainability that is guaranteed through the resilience of the regenerative stratum. Thus the objective of this work was to evaluate the effect of forest management on natural regeneration in a caatinga area, under different cutting ages. The study was developed in the settlement of the agrarian reform, Brandão III, located in the city of Cuité-PB. To evaluate the natural regeneration, 40 plots measuring 5 × 5 m (25 m2) were randomly allocated within the plots exploited and in the Legal Reserve. All individuals with Circumference at baseline (CNB) ≤ 6 cm and with a minimum height of 0.5m were measured, and distributed in three height classes. A C1: 0.5 m < H < 0.99 m; C2: 1.0 m ≤ H < 1.99 m and C3: H > 2.0 m. The data of density, richness and number of individuals by type of regeneration origin were compared by the Tukey test at 5% significance. We sampled 2021 individuals, represented by 32 species, 27 genera distributed in 16 families. The exploration did not cause significant changes to the floristic composition nor to the richness of the species. The exploration and the time elapsed between the cut and the measurement influenced the increase of the density.
How Bovine Livestock Affects Seed Rain in Subtropical Climate Forest
Authors: Stefanello Maureen de Moraes , Rovedder Ana Paula Moreira , Felker Roselene Marostega , Gazzola Matheus Degrandi , Camargo Betina , Piaia Bruna Balestrin , Matiello Jhonitan , Procknow Djoney , Silva Rodrigo Pinto da , Peccatti Aline , Croda Jéssica Puhl
Published: June 2019

Seed rainfall may be one of the mechanisms most impacted by livestock production in forest remnants. The trampling and cattle grazing alter dynamics, structure and floristic composition of the forest. The present work characterized the seed rainin forest remnants and the possible impacts of the presence and the management regime with different cattle stocks in the Pampa biome, southern region of Brazil. We compared three areas in Seasonal Forest remnants with a management history of 43 years: cattle exclusion area (A1); area with a cattle stock of 0.5 ua ha-1 (A2); and area with cattle stock of 1.0 ua ha-1 (A3). The seed rain was collected quarterly in 16 collectors (1 × 1 m²) per area for 24 months. The seeds were counted and identified according to external morphological characteristics, habit and dispersion syndrome. Shannon diversity index, submitted to the Hutcheson test, Pielou evenness, expected diversity and floristic similarity were determined. The results indicated that the impacts caused by livestock to seed rain were more significant in A3 where a quantitative reduction in the number of seeds was observed, probably due to the low number of plant individuals that make up the community.
Genetic Variability of Isolates of Ramulispora sorghi From Cáceres-MT, Brazil
Authors: Duarte A. V. M. , Correa C. L. , Barelli M. A. A. , Zago B. W. , Sander N. L. , Guimarães T. S. , Silva D. D. , Silva V. P. da , Felipin-Azevedo R.
Published: June 2019

Among the most produced cereals worldwide, sorghum (Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench), presents low productivity in Brazil, mainly due to the occurrence of diseases, with a prominence of sooty stripe, caused by the fungus Ramulispora sorghi, until then considered a secondary disease, has increased its incidence and severity, especially in conditions of high humidity and temperature. The most efficient means of control is the use of resistant cultivars, in this sense, studies on the genetic variability of the fungus through molecular markers are of great importance for the breeding programs of sorghum. The objective of this work was to evaluate the genetic variability in isolates of Ramulispora sorghi belonging to the mycoteca of the Laboratory of Genetic Resources & Biotechnology of the Universidade do Estado de Mato Grosso, campus of Cáceres, via molecular markers of the ISSR type. The results indicate the existence of genetic variability among the isolates of R. sorghi. The Polymorphic Information Content (PIC) showed that the primers were classified as medium informational with an average value of 0.27. 71 polymorphic fragments were formed considering the 40 isolates of R. sorghi, which presented the value of k = 2, represent the differentiation of the isolates into two distinct clusters. The genetic dissimilarity measures were estimated by the Coefficient of Nei and Li, where the combination between the isolates B107/16 (15) and B103/15 (16) obtained the smallest magnitude (0,12) and the combinations between isolates B111/16 (2) and S114/15 (33), S316/15 (3) and S114/15 (33), B115/16 (4) and S114/15 (33), B118/16 (6) and S114/15 (33) were more dissimilar (1,00). The “UPGMA” method provided a breakdown of the 40 isolates into 4 distinct groups. The Cophenetic Correlaction Coefficient (CCC) presented significant value with r = 0,84. The Tocher’s optimization method allowed the 40 isolates to be distributed in 10 different groups. These results provide relevant information on the genetic variability among the 40 isolates of R. sorghi analyzed. In addition, they indicate that fungus have a wide genetic diversity, and have been recurring in different regions of Brazil and the world, and thus, larger studies become essential for more effective control measures.
Do Weeds From Seeds or Regrowth in Coexistence Periods Alter Biochemical and Yield Characteristics of Soybeans?
Authors: Rockenbach Ana Paula , Rizzardi Mauro Antônio , Favaretto Adriana , Schneider Theodoro , Sobottka Andréa Michel
Published: June 2019

The objective of this study was to evaluate changes in soybean secondary metabolism and soybean yield components when subjected to coexistence periods with volunteer corn and established horseweed (Conyza spp.) regrowth. Two field experiments were conducted in the agricultural years 2015/2016 and 2016/2017 at Passo Fundo University, Passo Fundo, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. Experiment I was conducted in the agricultural year 2015/2016 in order to establish periods of coexistence between soybean and corn. The treatments consisted of two soybean densities in the main plots (175,000 and 350,000 plants ha-1) and different periods of coexistence between soybean and corn in the subplots. Experiment II was conducted in the agricultural year of 2016/2017 in order to investigate the interference of regrowth horseweed during coexistence periods with soybean. The total phenols, flavonoids, saponins, soybean yield components and seed yields were evaluated. Volunteer corn that initiates growth after the V4 soybean stage and horseweed regrowth during cultivation do not adversely affect secondary metabolism, seed yield or soybean yield components.
Diversity of Coleoptera in Maize Crops (Zea mays L.) and a Secondary Succession Area in Paraíba, Brazil
Authors: Salustino Angélica da Silva , Souza Maria Ítala Alves de , Barbosa Ana Jéssica Soares , Rêgo Josefa Jussara , Silva Valdemir Ribeiro Cavalcante , Mielezrski Fabio , Lopes Gleidyane Novais , Brito Carlos Henrrique de
Published: June 2019

This work compares the diversity of beetles (Coleoptera) in areas of maize cultivation with fertilization (NPK) and without fertilization, and a field in secondary succession (capoeira) aiming to understand the relation of these organisms in the different systems. The study was carried out in a farm belonging to EMEPA-PB, in the city of Alagoinha, Paraíba state, Brazil, from July to August 2018. Insects were captured in Provid traps and collected every seven days during the vegetative period of the crop. The screenings were carried out at the Zoology Laboratory of the Universidade Federal da Paraiba and the specimens identified at the family level. Data were analyzed using the ANAFAU program. Ten families of beetles were found: Alleculidae, Cecindelidae, Coccinellidae, Carabidae, Scarabaeidae, Cleridae, Staphylinidae, Erotylidae, Chrysomelidae, and Tenebrionidae. Five families were common in all studied areas except for Staphylinidae that was absent in the fertilized area. Beetle families classified as predatory insects were more abundant in the non-fertilized maize system and secondary succession area, except the Coccinellidae family. The families considered as maize crop pests (Scarabaeidae, Chrysomelidae, and Tenebrionidae) had higher abundance in the fertilized maize system. The Erotylidae family also showed predominance in the non-fertilized area. We conclude that there is a greater diversity of beetle in the non-fertilized maize crop when compared to the other studied areas.
Werkzame en toekomstbestendige wetgeving
Authors: Niemeijer E. , van Wijck P.W.
Published: June 2019

Werkzame en toekomstbestendige wetgeving

Het ontwikkelen van werkzame wetgeving vergt een beleidstheorie. Die theorie omvat een omschrijving van het probleem, een toeschrijving van het probleem aan oorzaken en een beschrijving van hoe wetgeving helpt om het probleem terug te dringen. Het Integraal Afwegingskader voor beleid en regelgeving (IAK) bevat nuttige vragen, maar er is extra aandacht nodig voor het expliciteren van veronderstelde oorzaken van de problematiek. Werkzame wetgeving is niet automatisch toekomstbestendig. Toekomstbestendigheid is het voorbereid zijn op onzekere toekomstige ontwikkelingen. Het ontwikkelen van toekomstbestendige wetgeving vergt daarom het expliciteren van onzekerheid over toekomstige ontwikkelingen, het toetsen van hoe wetgeving in verschillende omstandigheden werkt, en het maken van een keuze over hoe met onzekerheid om te gaan.
Een mogelijke inpassing van de G1000 op nationaal niveau
Authors: van Zanten M. , Penders G.J.P. , Frietman L.S.R. , Oudijn P.A. , van der Ven L.J.C.M.
Published: June 2019

Een mogelijke inpassing van de G1000 op nationaal niveau

De G1000 is als vorm van burgerparticipatie herhaaldelijk ingezet op lokaal niveau als aanvulling op de representatieve democratie. Daarmee voorziet de G1000 in potentie in de behoefte van veel burgers aan (meer) politieke betrokkenheid. In dit artikel gaan de auteurs daarom in op de vraag of en hoe de G1000 ook op nationaal niveau, in het wetgevingsproces, kan worden ingepast. Daarbij wordt eerst ingegaan op de behaalde resultaten van de G1000 op lokaal niveau en de toegevoegde waarde van het instrument ten opzichte van andere vormen van burgerparticipatie. Vervolgens wordt gekeken welke constitutionele grenzen het grondwettelijk stelsel stelt aan de inpassing van een G1000 op nationaal niveau. De auteurs komen tot de conclusie dat een G1000 binnen deze grenzen kan worden ingepast, waarbij tegelijkertijd de basisprincipes van de G1000 zoveel mogelijk worden gerespecteerd. Zij dragen in dat kader enkele ideeën aan voor de daadwerkelijke implementatie van de G1000 in het nationale wetgevingsproces.
Artificial induction of tetraploidy in Humulus lupulus L. using oryzalin
Authors: Švécarová Michaela , Navrátilová Božena , Hašler Petr , Ondřej Vladan
Published: July 2019

The aim of the research was to establish an efficient procedure for in vitro micropropagation in order to obtain numbers of identical plants for in vitro polyploidization of Humulus lupulus (2n = 20), using antimicrotubule agent oryzalin. For this purpose, the polyploidization was carried out for H. lupulus Osvald’s clones 31, 74, 114, and for ‘Sladek’ cultivar. The two experimental methods – the cultivation of nodal segments on medium with different concentrations of oryzalin (1, 5, and 10 µM) for 2 weeks and the irrigation of nodal segments with oryzalin (10 and 20 µM) for 24 and 48 h were chosen for inducing for polyploid plantlets of H. lupulus. This procedure provided tetraploids, which were identified by flow cytometry using internal standardization method and confirmed using chromosome counting of methaphasic cells from the root tips and morphological observations. The influence of chromosome doubling was also verified with stomata characterization. The polyploid plants were propagated for next evaluation, rooting and transfer to nonsterile conditions and into field. After chromosome doubling, using some different concentration of oryzalin, some plantlets became tetraploids, no mixoploids were detected. The highest efficiency of polyploidization was achieved for clone 72 after 2-week treatment of oryzalin supplemented medium. On the other hand, for method based on the irrigation of nodal segments with oryzalin, the most efficient conditions were treatment with 10 µM and 20 µM oryzalin for 24 and 48 h, respectively.
Application of biostimulants influences shoot and root characteristics of seedlings of winter pea (Pisum sativum L.)
Authors: Klimek-Kopyra Agnieszka , Kliszcz Angelika , Ślizowska Anna , Kot Dominika
Published: July 2019

In the cooler regions of Europe, the success of winter pea cultivation depends strongly on proper plant development before winter. Previous research has suggested that plants need to develop short internodes and at least their first two leaves before the arrival of frost. However, this stage of growth is sometimes not reached in the event of late sowing, due to factors such as unpredictable weather conditions or the delayed harvest of a previous crop. An effective solution may be the application of plant growth regulators before the sowing of seeds. The aim of this study was to assess the seedling developmental characteristics of winter pea dependent on biostimulator applications in low temperature conditions (4°C). Seven different winter pea cultivars were treated with three biostimulants: Asahi SL, Kelpak SL, and Primus B. After 21 days of seedling development, basic biometrical characteristics were measured (length and weight of shoots and roots). It was found that ‘Enduro’ and ‘Aviron’ showed greatest root development, regardless of the applied biostimulants. The highest germination was achieved by ‘Aviron’. The efficiency of biostimulators on the cultivars tested was low, although slightly better results were found for Asahi SL in combination with ‘Enduro’ and ‘Aviron’.
Supraclavicular approach to the subclavian vein – one well forgotten technique with impressive results
Authors: Borisov Biser , Iliev Sergey
Published: June 2019

Purpose: Insertion of temporary and tunneled catheters for hemodialysis in the internal jugular vein is a gold standard. On the other hand, the supraclavicular approach to the subclavian vein is described by Yoffa in 1965. Despite its old invention, the latter technique is well forgotten for unknown reasons.
The aim of this study is to present our experience with the usage of the supraclavicular approach for insertion of temporary and tunneled catheters.
Material and Methods: We provide our experience on insertion of 506 temporary and 501 tunneled catheters within a five-year period (from 1st January 2010 to 31st December 2014). We use 8 (eight) different places for catheters insertion, including the subclavian vein by the supraclavicular approach following the techniques of D. Yoffa and J. Gorchynski.
The collected data include age, sex, reasons for hemodialysis, number of attempts for successful cannulation, number of acute (AC) and chronic (CC) complications, and dependence on the catheter insertion location.
Results: The gender distribution shows 463 (46 %) women and 544 (54 %) men with median age of 60.0 (+/- 13.2) years. In the cases of temporary catheters: 104 (20.5%) are inserted in the subclavian vein by the supraclavicular approach (SCVSC), 70 (13.8%) – in the internal jugular vein (IJV); in the cases of tunneled ones – SCVSC – 281 (56%), and IJV – 207 (41%) catheters, respectively.
We found significant statistical correlation (p < 0.05 and r = 0.23) between the acute complications and the insertion position – AC are more for IJV insertion, than in SCVSC.
We did not find significant correlation between the insertion place and the chronic complications. Even central vein stenosis is more frequent in the IJV than in the SCVSC, but this is not significant (p > 0.05). Primary catheter patency of temporary and tunneled catheters is higher when they are inserted in the left veins.
Conclusion: We conclude that the supraclavicular approach to the subclavian vein is easier, safer and a practically more convenient method than the cannulation of the IJV. The revisit of this approach demonstrates that it should be more widely used.
Duodenal wall necrosis with the perforation into retroperitoneal space in the course of perinephric abscess. The case description and the management method
Authors: Komoń Michał , Kutwin Piotr , Kutwin Leszek , Jabłonowski Zbigniew , Jabłoński Sławomir
Published: June 2019

Duodenal perforation is an infrequent and severe acute surgical condition which commonly follows the complications resulting from endoscopic and laparoscopic procedures. Small size of damages arisen in this mechanism and an early diagnosis allows for their effective primary management. The most difficult surgical challenge is an effective management of retroperitoneal duodenal part perforation together with coexisting pathological changes of its wall. In this work we present the case of duodenal necrosis with excessive necrosis of the fragment of its wall due to the course of perinephric abscess and an effective method of defect management on the isolated free small enteral loop in association with gastric-duodenal passage exclusion.
Scope of the use of management accounting tools in municipalities of Lodz region
Authors: Firkowska-Jakobsze Zuzanna
Published: July 2019

Scope of the use of management accounting tools in municipalities of Lodz region
The issue of the management of the city county’s income
on the basis of the Świnoujście city
Authors: Suchodolski Bartłomiej , Wakuła Monika
Published: June 2019

The publication addresses the issue of financing the activities of city counties in Poland. City counties are municipalities executing county tasks based on principles under the relevant act. Their area covers territories of bigger cities. Cities entitled to the rights of a county include those which in December 31, 1998 had more than 100,000 inhabitants, those which lost their right to be the seat of a voivode-ship, unless the relevant authorities at the request of a city council refused to grant county rights to a city, and those which were given the status of a county in the first state’s administrative division into the counties. City counties constitute a specific combination of a mu-nicipality and a county, as they fulfill not only municipality tasks but also county functions. They constitute a substantial part of the struc-ture of the Polish self-governmental administration. The legislator imposed a significant number of tasks on it. Their execution requires possessing necessary funds of an adequate amount by a unit. In-comes of city counties encompass three groups – own incomes, gen-eral subsidies and grants. Due to the dual construction of city coun-ties, municipality and county incomes can be distinguished in their profit structure as well. Management of varied sources of incomes can create problems that are to be overcome by authorities of the so-called district cities.
The theoretical part of the article characterizes city counties as an element of the Polish self-governmental administration. Further-more, the review of sources financing their activities is conducted, whereas the experiential part is presented in the form of the case study attempting to assess the income side of the budget of Świnoujście City.
A IMPLANTAÇÃO DO ENSINO DE POLÍTICA E DIREITO NAS ESCOLAS PÚBLICAS
Authors: Botelho Alexandra Carolina , Fonseca Júlio Henrique , Bustamante Gláucia Alcântara
Published: July 2019

O presente artigo tem como objetivo apresentar os motivos pelos quais devem ser implantados o ensino de Política e Direito nas escolas públicas, bem como apresentar um breve histórico do caminhar da educação e alguns pontos específicos que podem modificar a história do ensino desse país.
O COMBATE À CORRUPÇÃO E OS RISCOS AOS DIREITOS FUNDAMENTAIS
Authors: Siglinski Stefan Hanatzki , Wilmsen Janiquele
Published: July 2019

O combate à corrupção é questão atual que ganha força com o crescente desprestígio da classe política, diante da má administração e da falta de recursos para fazer frente às necessidades básicas da população. A cobrança por uma resposta adequada do Poder Judiciário, diante da ameaça que a corrupção representa para a democracia e para o desenvolvimento do Estado, ao enfraquecer as instituições nacionais e os valores democráticos, tem ocasionado a flexibilização de determinadas garantias processuais penais, no afã de garantir a punição de supostos infratores. Diante disso, a pesquisa objetiva analisar os riscos que o combate à corrupção pode ocasionar aos direitos fundamentais. Para atingir o objetivo, utilizou-se fonte de pesquisa imediata formal e método de abordagem dedutivo. Conclui-se que o combate à corrupção mediante a adoção de estratégias preventivas pode ser mais eficaz do que o seu combate mediante estratégias repressivas, as quais podem ocasionar riscos aos direitos fundamentais e atritos entre os poderes, ocasionando a criação de um vácuo de poder, que pode ser preenchido por homens de inspiração autoritária.
AVALIAÇÃO DE TÉCNICAS DE FUSÃO DE IMAGENS ORBITAIS UTILIZANDO PRODUTOS DO SATÉLITE CBERS 4 PARA A APA DO RIO MACHADO-MG
Authors: Pisani Rodrigo José , Bueno Viviane Costa , Fiuza Joice Dos Reis , Estela Paulo Vitor Moraes
Published: June 2019

As técnicas de fusão de imagens multiespectrais e pancromáticas se mostram como ferramentas valiosas para o aprimoramento da acuidade visual do ponto de vista da resolução espacial e, por consequência, do reconhecimento de feições de uso e cobertura da terra. O presente trabalho teve como objetivo a avaliação qualitativa e quantitativa de 3 métodos de fusão de imagens sendo o método IHS, Brovey e Simple Mean. Para tal foram utilizadas imagens do satélite CBERS 4, sensores MUX e PAN para o estudo de caso na Área de Proteção Ambiental do Rio Machado, região sul de Minas Gerais. Entre os resultados, destacam-se os melhores reconhecimentos do ponto de vista qualitativo para o método IHS e o melhor ajuste estatístico com o método Brovey com os menores valores de dispersão para a Regressão Linear. Com isso, conclui-se que, apesar dos resultados alcançados com as imagens obtidas e com os testes realizados, existe uma subjetividade na escolha do melhor produto, dada a escala utilizada e o objetivo proposto.
Coefficient of Moment of Inertia for Ribbed RC Slab Beams
Authors: Kelpša Šarūnas , Rinkevičius Gediminas , Zingaila Tadas , Augonis Mindaugas , Kitovas Vadimas
Published: July 2019

During the design process of monolithic ribbed slabs, engineers face a common issue how to correctly evaluate stiffness of the beams. When Bar and Plate elements are used for analysis of the slabs, the neutral axis of those members are in the same level, therefore the stiffness of (T) shape cross-section is not considered correctly in the calculations. In this case the internal forces are obtained incorrectly as well as deflections of the beams are overestimated. A simple method is discussed in this paper, which allows engineers to calculate internal forces and deformations of mentioned type slabs more accurately with FEM programs by using Bar and Plate elements. The method is based on Bar elements moment of inertia adjustment. After the comparative analysis of differences between moment of inertia of (T) and (+) shape cross-sections as well as deflection discrepancies, the adjustment coefficient expression is presented. In order to reflect the actual behaviour of ribbed slabs even more accurately the influence of shear deformations is also considered. In this case not only the member geometry but the material properties, loading scheme and even supports are taken into account in the calculations of the adjustment coefficient. Selection of the most appropriate (effective) flange width of (T) shape cross-section is also analysed in this paper. Comparative calculations were done using different effective flange widths beff calculated by EC2 (Eurocode 2), “STR” (Lithuanian Construction Technical Regulations) and ACI (American Concrete Institute) methods. In order to assess the reliability of the proposed calculation method and the calculation results all plates were also analysed using Solid elements. Application of the presented expressions of moment of inertia coefficient will allow engineers to evaluate stiffness of (Γ) and (T) shape cross section beams simply, fast and accurately enough for most of structural engineering calculations.
Experimental study of multi-magnet excitation for enhancing micro-power generation in piezoelectric vibration energy harvester
Authors: Kleiva Arūnas , Daukševičius Rolanas
Published: July 2019

The reported work experimentally investigates a method of more effective contactless mechanical frequency up-conversion that is based on multi-magnet plucking of a piezoelectric vibration energy harvester. Several moving excitation magnets are used to produce a periodic impulse train, which during a single plucking event consecutively deflects and then releases the cantilevered transducer to freely oscillate, thereby enabling enhanced micro-power generation performance. It was established that the proposed method is effective if a couple conditions are met. First, the transducer must be impulsively excited to produce resonant transient responses, which occurs when the ramping time of the magnetic impulse is close to the transducer rise time (defined as a quarter of the natural period). Second, the gap between the moving excitation magnets must be tuned to ensure that the impulse train period is as close to the natural period as possible. Measurements indicate that, in comparison to the conventional single-magnet plucking case, the consecutive excitation with three moving magnets leads to nearly six-fold (seven-fold) increase in average power output and total generated energy during the in-plane (out-of-plane) plucking regime.
The Constitutional Role of Judicial Service Commission in Protecting Independence of the Judiciary
Authors: Saba Alexander Martin
Published: July 2019

The judiciary is constitutionally vested with power to dispense justice to the citizens without fear, favor, ill-will or affection. This sacred function can only be effectively discharge if the judiciary exercises independence without any iota of interference from any person, body or organ. If that is the case it calls for the judiciary to defend its independence whenever interference is done or is likely to be done to it. This role, at any rate, is not intended to be discharged by individual judges. The appropriate organ to discharge this function is the Judicial Service Commission (JSC) which is mandated to ensure self-regulation of the judiciary. Judiciary is therefore expected to be at the frontline to always defend and promote the independence of the judiciary. This article, therefore, seeks to unveil whether or not the JSC of Tanzania is capable of protecting independence of our judiciary to enable the judges to perform their duty without reprisals or intimidations from any quarter. The author is of the view that a lot has to be done in terms of structure and mandates to realize rebirth of vibrant and independent JSC.
Stature Estimation from the Hand Length: Testing Cross-Population Methods
Authors: Ingrová Pavlína , Králík Miroslav , Bártová Věra , Čuta Martin , Grasgruber Pavel , Bokůvka Dominik
Published: June 2019

Délka ruky je vhodným tělesným rozměrem pro odhad výšky postavy ve forenzní antropologii. Takový odhad výšky postavy je však vždy ohrožen populační specifitou běžně užívaných regresních rovnic vypočítaných metodou nejmenších čtverců. Na základě dříve publikovaných statistických parametrů (průměrné hodnoty délky ruky a výšky postavy, regresní koeficienty) z 87 publikovaných studií (212 populačních vzorků) jsme metodami průměrování regresních koeficientů a redukované hlavní osy vytvořili soubor nových transpopulačních rovnic pro odhad výšky postavy z délky ruky. Následně jsme ověřovali přesnost odhadů z těchto nových rovnic na pěti referenčních vzorcích z české, slovenské a bosenské populace a porovnali jejich výsledky s výsledky modelu metody nejmenších čtverců, vyvinuté na českém vzorku. Výsledky ukázaly, že navržené transpopulační rovnice nejsou vhodné pro odhad výšky postavy z délky ruky, pokud nejsou omezeny např. na geograficky užší populační skupinu (v naší studii Evropané slovanského původu). Principiálně obdobné konsekvence doporučujeme zvážit také u odhadů u délek kostí při hodnocení výšky postavy na základě forenzních nálezů skeletu.
Web-page Screenshots as an Evidence in Civil Procedure of Ukraine
Authors: Golubeva Nelli , Drogoziuk Kristina
Published: July 2019

Currently the question about the possibility of including a screenshot of a web-page to the base of evidence in civil procedure of Ukraine remains open. The problem is a lack of systematic rules for determining procedures for obtaining electronic evidence, in particular, screenshots, in Ukrainian legislation, as well as possibilities for their use while considering civil cases. Various electronic evidence should correspond various admissibility criterias, and therefore the admissibility of electronic evidence should be examined separately according to each type of evidence.Separate issues of investigation, fixation and certification of web-screenshots as evidence in civil procedure of Ukraine are considered in this article. The analysis of legal regulation and problems of the practical implementation of use of web-pages screenshots in Ukrainian civil procedure are carried out. The ways of implementation of recommendation rules for registration and fixation of web-screenshots in civil procedure, which can be applied for all European states, are proposed.
3D Printing and Beyond: Intellectual Property and Regulation. Mendis, D.; Lemley, M.; Rimmer, M. (eds.).
Authors: Loutocký Pavel
Published: July 2019

Mendis, D.; Lemley, M.; Rimmer, M. (eds.). (2018) 3D Printing and Beyond: Intellectual Property and Regulation. Cheltenham: Edward Elgar Publishing, 432 p.
Public health investigation of swimming pool chlorine gas disinfection systems
Authors: Ivor Norlin J.
Published: June 2019

In February 2012, a chlorine gas leak at a public pool facility in the British Columbia southern interior sent 70 people to hospital for assessment and treatment. As part of the follow-up investigation, the Interior Health (IH) public health engineering team undertook a comprehensive review of chlorine gas disinfection systems in public pools throughout the region. Deficiencies in the capacity to safely capture and release gas leaks were found in all 19 systems inspected. The engineering team subsequently worked with facility owners and area Environmental Health Officers to mitigate high-risk issues. However, less than half of the facilities were changed to on-site chlorine generation systems. Chlorine gas in public pool facilities poses an inherent risk to public health, and regional health authorities are responsible for routinely inspecting and overseeing these systems. The IH public engineering team continues to advocate for transitioning all public pool chlorine gas systems to less hazardous means of disinfection.
La insostenible soledad del lector. La lectura como trabajo individual y colectivo
Authors: Lampis Mirko
Published: June 2019

El objetivo de este trabajo es estudiar la lectura en tanto que experiencia individual (yo leo) y, a la vez, práctica cultural (todos leemos solo porque y en la medida en que integramos una cultura escribiente y leyente). Por lo tanto, tras ofrecer una definición general de la noción de lectura (apartado 1) y examinar algunas cuestiones pertinentes relativas a la historia de la lectura (apartado 2), trataremos los siguientes temas (apartado 3): la enseñanza y el aprendizaje del leer y de la lectura, los procesos de lectura orientada y la comprensión de lo leído.The goal of this paper is to study the reading as individual experience (I read) and, at the same time, cultural practice (we all read only because and insofar as we integrate a writing and reading culture). So, after giving a general definition of the notion of reading (section 1) and after examining some pertinent questions concerning the history of reading (section 2), we will address the following topics (section 3): the teaching and learning to read and reading, the oriented reading processes and the reading understanding.
Breve teoría de la lectura natural
Authors: González de Ávila Manuel
Published: June 2019

Aunque son muchas las maneras de leer, solo una parece crear al lector: la que en este artículo se califica, recurriendo a una licencia irónica, de natural. Dicho modo lector exige sin duda movilizar el cuerpo para reconstruir presencia a partir del lenguaje, pero también, y ante todo, creer en lo leído y confiar en quien lo ha escrito como comprometedoras condiciones de posibilidad cuasi trascendentales de esa experiencia lectora.Although there are many ways of reading, only one seems to create the reader: the one that in this article is considered, resorting to an ironic license, as natural. This reading mode undoubtedly requires mobilizing the body to reconstruct presence from language, but also, and above all, believing in what has been read and trusting in whoever has written it, as compromising and quasi-transcendental conditions of possibility of that reading experience
Dinámicas de la interpretación poética: emoción y estética cognitiva en la lectura literaria
Authors: Bermúdez Víctor
Published: June 2019

Este estudio explora el pensamiento poético incidiendo en la especificidad del contenido emocional de textos literarios de expresión francesa. Tras una valorización de la subjetividad lectora en el proceso de interpretación, se destaca el papel de las emociones en la generación de significado y se brinda una aproximación a la imaginación literaria. Asimismo, se elabora un análisis de vocación interdisciplinar de la serie de poemas “Nuits”, de Lorand Gaspar, que aúna perspectivas neurobiológicas y filosóficas con el doble propósito de incorporar herramientas de interpretación poética a la teoría literaria y de reconocer estructuras de razonamiento de la creación literaria.This study explores poetic thought, focusing on the specificity of the emotional content of poetic texts in French language. After a valorisation of the reader’s subjectivity in the interpretation process, the role of the emotions in the generation of meaning is highlighted and an approximation to the literary imagination is offered. Also, the study elaborates an interdisciplinary analysis of the series of poems “Nuits”, by Lorand Gaspar, which combines neurobiological and philosophical perspectives with the double purpose of nourishing the tools of poetic interpretation of Literary Theory and of recognizing structures of reasoning of the literary creation.