bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
THE CORRELATION BETWEEN THE LOCATION OF THE TUMOR TOWARDS HEMOGLOBIN LEVEL AND ERYTROCHYTE INDEX VALUE IN COLORECTAL CANCER PATIENTS AT RSUP PROF. DR. I.G.N.G. NGOERAH
Authors: Pramesti Ardhia Gita , Ayu Dewi Ni Nyoman , Winarsa Ruma I Made , Wihandani Desak Made
Published: December 2024

One of the most often found clinical manifestation of colorectal cancer is anemia. If anemia is One of the most often found clinical manifestation of colorectal cancer is anemia. Worse response to the treatment, disease free period, locoregional control, and overall survival is predicted if anemia is present before the treatment. In elucidating the etiology of anemia, the erythrocytes index (MCV, MCH, MCHC) are useful. The hemoglobin level and erythrocyte index value in colorectal cancer patients is affected by a few factors. One of the most significant factor is the location of the tumor.  The objective of this paper is to determine the correlation between location of the tumor towards hemoglobin level and erythrocyte index value in colorectal cancer patients at RSUP Prof. Dr. I.G.N.G. Ngoerah. The study design of this research was a cross sectional study. The data that used were taken from medical records of patients with colorectal cancer in RSUP Prof. Dr. I.G.N.G. Ngoerah from the period of January 2021 until December 2022. A total of 58 patients were met the inclusion criteria. The hemoglobin level and erythrocytes index value were obtained from the blood routine results of colorectal cancer patients. The hemoglobin level used to determined the severity of anemia, which classified into normal, mild anemia, moderate anemia, and severe anemia. Tumor location is divided into two, left-sided and right-sided. The chi square bivariate test is used as hypothesis test, and Kolmogorov-Smirnov test is used as alternative test. The majority of the age of the subjects are middle-age adults patient (41-60 years old), contributes 50% of all subjects. The colorectal cancer patients who experienced anemia were 74.1% (43/58). The colorectal cancer patients who had low MCV were 36.2% (21/58), low MCH 50% (29/58), and low MCHC 65.5% (38/58). The tumor location of the colorectal cancer is significantly correlated with hemoglobin level (p= 0.004). The tumor location is not significantly correlated with erythrocyte index; MCV, MCH, and MCHC (p=0.674, p=0.979, p=0.180).
Keywords : Colorectal Cancer, Tumor Location, Anemia
PENGARUH PEMBERIAN FILTRAT FERMENTASI UBI JALAR UNGU (IPOMOEA BATATAS) TERHADAP PEMBENTUKAN FOAM CELL PADA AORTA TIKUS GALUR WISTAR (RATTUS NORVEGICUS) MODEL ATEROSKLEROSIS
Authors: Permata Dian , Ratnayanti I Gusti Ayu Dewi , Wahyuniari Ida Ayu Ika , Linawati Ni Made
Published: December 2024

Penyakit arteri koroner merupakan penyebab kematian tertinggi di dunia akibat aterosklerosis. Lesi aterosklerosis ditandai dengan adanya sel busa. Produk fermentasi serta bahan alam yang kaya antioksidan dapat mencegah terjadinya aterosklerosis. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi efek pemberian filtrat fermentasi ubi jalar ungu terhadap penurunan sel busa pada aorta tikus wistar model aterosklerosis. Desain penelitian adalah post-test only control group. Sampel penelitian adalah 25 ekor tikus wistar terbagi menjadi 5 kelompok dengan perlakuan selama 28 hari. Kelompok kontrol negatif diberikan pakan normal. Kelompok kontrol positif diberikan diet aterogenik tanpa fermentasi filtrat ubi jalar ungu. Kelompok perlakuan 1 hingga 3 diberikan diet aterogenik dan filtrat fermentasi ubi jalar ungu secara berturut-turut 12,5%, 25%, dan 50% yang diberikan menggunakan sonde. Parameter yang diukur adalah jumlah sel busa pada aorta tikus. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan jumlah sel busa pada kelompok negatif (3,86 ± 1,1919), kelompok positif (19,66 ± 3,8505), P1 (15,53 ± 4,2650), P2 (15,53 ± 4,2650), dan P3 (5,132 ± 1,3846). Perbedaan signifikan (p<0,05) antara kelompok P2 dan P3 dengan kelompok P1 dan K (+). Disimpulkan bahwa filtrat fermentasi ubi jalar ungu dosis tertentu mampu mencegah pembentukan sel busa.
Kata kunci: Aterosklerosis, Sel Busa, Filtrat Fermentasi Ubi Jalar Ungu.
Videojuegos como herramienta comunicativa de sensibilización hacia las crisis humanitarias. Estudio explotatorio en Itch.io
Authors: Torres-Toukoumidis Angel , Vintimilla-Leon Diego , Zambrano Naranjo Willian
Published: December 2024

Este documento examina el potencial de los videojuegos como herramienta para mejorar las respuestas a las crisis humanitarias. Los autores analizan diez videojuegos independientes relacionados con crisis humanitarias, donde exploran su propósito, componentes ludonarrativos y elementos de interacción adaptativa. El estudio revela que el 50% de los juegos se centran en el entretenimiento, mientras que el 40% son educativos, y un juego se enfoca en la toma de decisiones y la gestión eficiente de un campamento de refugiados. Los autores del presente artículo sostienen que los videojuegos pueden ser una herramienta valiosa para la educación, el entrenamiento y la información en crisis humanitarias. El documento subraya la capacidad de los videojuegos para comprometer y educar a la audiencia en torno a complejidades humanitarias, tales como las crisis de refugiados y los desastres naturales. Propone que los videojuegos brindan una modalidad de aprendizaje distintiva y envolvente, lo que facilita el desarrollo de competencias y conocimientos dentro de un marco seguro y regulado. Además, resalta la relevancia de los mecanismos de interacción adaptativa presentes en los videojuegos, los cuales promueven el fortalecimiento de habilidades analíticas y de decisión. En síntesis, el análisis propone que los videojuegos encierran un significativo potencial como herramientas estratégicas para optimizar las respuestas frente a emergencias humanitarias. De allí, se insta a realizar más investigaciones y desarrollos en esta área, donde se resalta la necesidad de juegos centrados en la educación y la toma de decisiones. El estudio aporta una contribución valiosa al creciente campo de los juegos serios, lo que demuestra el potencial de los videojuegos para abordar problemas sociales complejos.
A methodology for game studies in five steps: adapting game analysis for the Brazilian context
Authors: Valdevino Soares Nilson
Published: December 2024

In this paper, we present a methodological approach for the study of games, which takes Aarseth's game analysis (2003) as a starting point. Being in development for over four years, the proposed approach helped shape 32 student research projects, carried out (or still ongoing) in the context of a research laboratory in the Brazilian Northeast. Initially, we will discuss the contexts and motivations for proposing a didactic methodological approach, one of simple adoption and understanding, for application with a student body with little or no previous contact with scientific research practices. Then, we will present and detail the five steps that constitute the core of this game analysis proposition.
La composición como elemento lúdico y de horror en los escenarios de Resident Evil (2002)
Authors: Ávila Pérez Adrián
Published: December 2024

Los videojuegos son fenómenos que transmiten ideas a través de diferentes elementos comunicativos, ya sean visuales, sonoros, procedimentales o textuales, por mencionar algunos. Aunque todos ellos son importantes, ya que operan conjuntamente para producir una experiencia en el jugador, es interesante observar algunos fenómenos en particular para comprender cómo contribuyen al desarrollo de la obra. El objetivo de este artículo es explicar el modo en que la cámara fija y la composición de los escenarios en Resident Evil (2002) sirven como elementos lúdicos, a la vez que generan una experiencia estética de horror.
Implementation of Family Functions in Early Marriage Couples in Padang City
Authors: Maihasni Maihasni , Anggraini Nini , Fachrina Fachrina
Published: December 2024

The family has a very important role in preparing quality Indonesian human resources. The function of the family that is carried out can make a significant contribution to the development of its members.  Families that can carry out family functions well have the ability to meet the basic needs of family members in facing challenges and making adjustments to changes in themselves and their environment.For family functions to run well, certain conditions must be met such as age, marital status, employment status, level of education, knowledge of family functions, and access to information. This condition is not met for early marriage couples. This research aims to: (1). Identify family functions that can be carried out by couples married at an early age. (2) Analyze the obstacles faced by couples married early in carrying out family functions.This research was conducted in Padang City with a qualitative approach with a descriptive type. Data collection uses in-depth interviews and observations. Informants were determined using snowball sampling. Data was analyzed qualitatively and interpretatively.  The research was conducted on five informants and varying levels of education. As for the family functions that can be carried out by early married couples, almost all of them can be carried out, such as; religious function, affection function, reproductive function, education and socialization function, economic function, recreation function, protection function, and environmental development function, although in limited cases. Meanwhile, the obstacles faced by early married couples in carrying out family functions, such as lack of financial independence, and interaction problems.
Introducción
Authors: Hernández María Elena , Figaro Roseli , Tixier Florian
Published: December 2024

Introducción
Tratamento da osteogenese imperfeita em pacientes pediátricos
Authors: Biaggi Júnior David Bastos , Silva Filho Clelio Mendes da , Silva Júnior Norival Garcia da
Published: December 2024

Objetivo: Relatar a maioria dos medicamentos usados para tratamento da Osteogênese Imperfeita (OI) na criança. Métodos: A parte metodológica dessa revisão integrativa é formada pelo National Library of Medicine, Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde e Cochrane library que foram as bases de dados usadas para formar o compilado bibliográfico dessa revisão de literatura. Os descritores utilizados foram “Osteogenesis Imperfecta”, “children” e “treatment”. Os critérios de inclusão foram artigos de ensaios clínicos, randomizados ou não randomizados, estudos de caso-controle, estudo de coorte, livre acesso, publicados em inglês, português, espanhol e no intervalo de 2012 a 2022. Resultados: Foram encontrados um total de nove artigos para uma avaliação de qual medicamento seria mais eficaz, os medicamentos testados foram estes: Vitamina D, Risedronato, Bisfosfonatos, Ácido zoledrônico (ZOL), Alendronato oral (ALN), Denosumab, Exercicíos Fisícos, Células-tronco mesenquimais (MSCs), Neridronato e Fresolimumab (Anti TGF- β).  Os nove artigos selecionados foram avaliados e a partir de tal processo houve o desenvolvimento de um quadro explicativo constituído por autor, ano de publicação, amostra, medicamentos e resultados. Considerações finais: A análise de todo o contexto faz-nos refletir, através das fontes bibliográficas, que há necessidade de novas publicações, visto que a sociedade conhece poucas informações sobre o assunto.
Tecnologias educacionais em hanseníase na atenção primária à saúde
Authors: Souza Ana Paula de Carvalho , Araújo Olivia Dias de
Published: December 2024

Objetivo: Analisar as evidências científicas das tecnologias educacionais sobre hanseníase desenvolvidas na atenção primária à saúde. Métodos: Trata-se de uma revisão integrativa. Utilizou-se as bases de dados Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde (BVS/Bireme), PubMed e Periódicos Capes. Usando os Descritores em Ciências da Saúde (Decs), selecionando “Leprosy” e “Educational Technology”, combinados com o operador booleano “AND”. Foram incluídos artigos entre os anos de 2004 a 2024. Não houve limitação quanto ao idioma da pesquisa. Resultados: De 136 publicações encontradas, apenas seis foram incluídas. Os estudos utilizaram produção de vídeo, jogo de tabuleiro, jogo digital, programa de web rádio, cartilhas. A temática mais encontrada foi voltada a tratar sobre o estigma e o autocuidado, com públicos de diversas faixas etárias. Dos artigos selecionados, dois eram estudos qualitativos, um estudo metodológico e três relatos de experiência. Considerações finais: Prevaleceram cartilhas, jogos, vídeos, e a modalidade de web rádio. As tecnologias na atenção primária impactaram em promoção do autocuidado, aumento da autoestima, agência individual e disposição para agir na comunidade, práticas de cuidado em saúde coletiva através do diálogo e na ampliação do conhecimento sobre hanseníase.
Proteolytic Enzymes and Wound Debridement: A Literature Review
Authors: Mathioudaki Evdoxia , Vitsos Andreas , Rallis Michail
Published: December 2024

Background. Wound debridement is crucial for effective wound management and essential for removing necrotic tissue, reducing bacterial load, and encouraging granulation. While surgical debridement is prevalent, it can be traumatic and can potentially delay healing by enlarging the wound area. Objective. To summarize the existing literature on the role of proteolytic enzymes in wound debridement, with a focus on their applications, benefits, limitations, and future potential in wound care management. Methods. A systematic search was conducted in PubMed (National Library of Medicine) and Google Scholar, reviewing English-language publications from 1974 to 2023. Keywords included “enzymatic debridement”, “wound healing”, “collagenase”, “bromelain”, “proteolytic enzymes”, and “debridement”. Results. Enzymatic debridement has emerged as a promising, less invasive alternative to surgical debridement. Bromelain, which targets heat-denatured proteins, shortens healing times and improves scar quality. Collagenase and papain have been widely used globally, highlighting their efficacy in various wound types, although concerns have been noted about papain’s safety. Preliminary studies on enzymes such as chymotrypsin, aurase, actinidin, Antarctic krill (Euphausia superba) enzymes, and dispase also show encouraging results. A limited number of studies comparing various debriding enzymes in the literature were identified, revealing significant differences between them, highlighting the need for additional comparative research studies. Conclusions. The advantages of enzymatic debridement over surgical debridement, particularly in nontraumatic applications and with enhanced healing times with the former, underscore its potential in clinical settings. Further research is warranted to optimize use of enzymatic debridement and understand the full scope of benefits and limitations of these enzymes in wound management.
Postoperative Infection of the Spine: Management and Outcomes at a Single Institution. A Retrospective Study
Authors: Mostofi Keyvan , Shirbache Kamran , Caragliano Gianluca
Published: December 2024

Background. Surgical site infection (SSI) is a potential complication of spine surgery and a significant cause of readmission and surgical revision. Furthermore, the presence of comorbidities, along with the rising frequency of spinal surgeries, may result in secondary infections, thereby elevating the risk of these infections and affecting overall health. Objective. To assess the study authors’ approach for preventing and managing postoperative infections in their center and identify the spine surgeries most susceptible to infection. Materials and Methods. The authors conducted a retrospective study of 2559 patients at a single clinical center who underwent various lumbar spine surgeries, including interlaminar device plus diskectomy, diskectomy, interlaminar device plus recalibration, unilateral recalibration, and bilateral recalibration, among others, between March 1, 2015, and March 31, 2023. Results. Of these 2559 patients, 54 (2.11%) were readmitted due to infection and underwent reoperation. The most common isolated microorganism was Staphylococcus aureus. Infection occurred in 1.9% of instrumentation surgeries and 2.3% of non-instrumentation surgeries; this difference was not statistically significant. Infected patients received empiric dual antibiotic therapy after sampling of the surgical site and before identification of the causative organisms. Conclusion. The results of this study indicate that comorbidities increase the risk of infection. However, the authors did not find that instrumentation in spinal surgery escalates this risk. Empiric dual antibiotic therapy was effective in managing SSI prior to identification of the microorganisms via culture.
Bibliometric Analysis of The Use of Science Learning Media In Elementary Schools During A Decade
Authors: Anggun Taruna Puspitasari  , Wahono Widodo  , Dian Permatasari Kusuma Dayu
Published: December 2024

This research uses a bibliometric approach to examine how science learning media have been used in elementary schools over the last ten years. The data source used is Dimension AI, with the keywords "science learning media" and "primary school," in the publication range from 2014 to 2024. This research utilizes VOSviewer software to visualize author collaboration patterns, main research topics, and the learning media most frequently used in the study. The results of the analysis show a significant increase in the number of publications related to science learning media in that time period, with a peak in 2023. Additionally, this research found that technology-based learning resources, such as interactive and digital media, function well, dominating research trends. Apart from that, the main themes that are often discussed include the development of digital-based learning tools, student involvement in the learning process, and the effectiveness of using manipulative and interactive media. A trend of increasing collaboration has occurred in recent years, according to the authors' collaboration analysis, indicating that a number of academics and institutions continue to contribute to this field. According to these findings, this research provides important implications for the development of science learning media in the future, especially in improving learning technology and teacher training to utilize this media optimally. Future development steps include the use of technology such as AR and VR, as well as further development of manipulative media that is in line with the learning context in elementary schools
NEUROGLOBIN IN CINGULATE CORTEX NEURONS OF THE RAT BRAIN IN CHOLESTASIS
Authors:   Grodno State Medical University, Grodno, Belarus, Klimut T. V. , Zaerko A. V. ,   Grodno State Medical University, Grodno, Belarus, Emelyanchik S. V. ,   Yanka Kupala State University of Grodno, Grodno, Belarus, Zimatkin S. M. ,   Grodno State Medical University, Grodno, Belarus
Published: December 2024

Вackground. The study of neuroglobin will help to understand the mechanisms of neuroprotection and energy metabolism in neurons of different cingulate cortex layers in cholestasis. Objective. To evaluate the immunoreactivity of neuroglobulin in cingulate cortex neurons of the rat brain in cholestasis. Material and methods. Neurons of the 2nd and 5th layers of the anterior cingulate cortex of the rat brain were studied at different times after ligation/transection of the common bile duct (CBD) or sham surgery (control). Histological, immunohistochemical, morphometric, and statistical methods were used. Results. Immunoreactivity of neuroglobin in neurons of the 2nd and 5th layers of the anterior cingulate cortex of the rat brain after transection of the common bile duct changes in a wave-like manner, reaching peaks on the 5th and 10th days in the small-cell layer and on the 10th and 20th days in the large-cell layer, then it decreases and returns to control values by the 90th day. Conclusion. Neurons of the small-cell layer (according to neuroglobin expression) react more quickly to cholestasis and normalize sooner after its disappearance, compared with neurons of the large-cell layer of the cingulate cortex.
CONGENITAL DEFECTS OF THE IMMUNE SYSTEM AS A MANIFESTATION OF MONOGENIC INFLAMMATORY BOWEL DISEASE IN CHILDREN
Authors:   Belarusian State Medical University, Minsk, Belarus, Kastsiukevich L. I. , Romanova O. N. ,   Belarusian State Medical University, Minsk, Belarus, Mikhalenko A. P. ,   The Institute of Genetics and Cytology of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus, Minsk, Bealrus, Kolomiets N. D. ,   Belarusian State Medical University, Minsk, Belarus, Marakhovsky K. Y. ,   The Children’s Surgery National Applied Research Hospital, Minsk, Bealrus, Gusina А. A. ,   Republican Scientific and Practical Center "Mother and child", Minsk, Bealrus, Nazarenko O. N. ,   Belarusian State Medical University, Minsk, Belarus, Mankevich R. N. ,   Belarusian State Medical University, Minsk, Belarus, Marochkina Ye. M. ,   City clinical maternity hospital № 2, Minsk, Bealrus, Spiridovich Т. A. ,   City clinical maternity hospital № 2, Minsk, Bealrus, Babraunichy V. I. ,   Belarusian State Medical University, Minsk, Belarus, Valoshka T. I. ,   City Children's Infectious Diseases Clinical Hospital, Minsk, Bealrus, Kilchevsky A. V. ,   The Institute of Genetics and Cytology of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus, Minsk, Bealrus
Published: December 2024

Background. Currently, monogenic inflammatory bowel disease-like (IBD) pathologies such as congenital immunity defects, genetic epithelial barrier defects and others are becoming increasingly relevant. Objective. To analyze genetic defects associated with IBD-like immunopathology. Material and methods. The study included 46 patients with IBD manifestations aged 18 years or younger, who underwent whole-exome sequencing using the NGS method. All calculations were performed using the R statistical package, version 4.1. Results. There were identified 11 (23,9%) patients with gene mutations indicating congenital defects of the immune system (CDIS). Of these, 3 (27,3%) children were found to have abnormalities in the genes of immune dysregulation - CTLA-4 (c.151C>T (p.Arg 51*)), (FOXP3 (c.851C>T (p.Ala284Val)) and FOXP3 (c.748_750del (p.Lys250del)); 3 (27.3%) patients had abnormalities in the SLC5A1 gene (c.1666-2delA), SLC5A1 gene (c.1666-2delA and c.1680T>G(p.(Cys560Trp)) responsible for the disruption of the barrier function of the epithelium; 2 (18.2%) patients had abnormalities in the PIK3CD gene (c.3061G>A (p.Glu1021Lys)), manifested as CDIS with a predominant deficiency of antibodies; in 2 (18.2%) patients abnormalities in genes affecting cellular and humoral immunity were detected: JAK3 (c.2518C>T(p.Arg840Cys)), CD40LG (c.430G>A (p.Gly144Arg)); and in one case (9,1%) a congenital defect in the number or function of phagocytes – in CFTR gene (c.43delC (p.Leu15fs) and c.1210-11T>G) was established. According to clinical signs, patients with CDIS had only some differences from IBD patients. Conclusion. It is advisable to conduct molecular genetic analysis of target genes in IBD patients with very early onset of gastrointestinal lesions, which allows timely diagnosis of congenital defects of the immune system for subsequent prescription of adequate therapy.
Pelatihan Metode UMMI Dalam Meningkatkan Kemampuan Membaca al-Qur'an dI MDTA Ar-Rahmah
Authors: Sarah Sylvania , Zahra Nurlaely , Hilman Cecep
Published: December 2024

Latar belakang penelitian ini berfokus pada tantangan dalam meningkatkan kemampuan membaca Al-Qur’an di MDTA Ar-Rahmah. Metode yang digunakan adalah Asset Based Community Development (ABCD) dengan pendekatan pelatihan metode UMMI, yang melibatkan keterlibatan aktif dari peserta dalam proses pembelajaran. Metode UMMI diterapkan untuk mengoptimalkan teknik membaca Al-Qur’an secara sistematis dan efektif. Dalam pelaksanaan pelatihan, peserta mengalami peningkatan signifikan dalam penguasaan tajwid, kefasihan membaca, dan pemahaman teks Al-Qur’an. Hasil evaluasi menunjukkan bahwa 65% peserta menunjukkan kemajuan dalam keterampilan membaca, dengan umpan balik positif mengenai metode pelatihan. Kesimpulannya, pelatihan metode UMMI menggunakan pendekatan (ABCD) berhasil meningkatkan kemampuan membaca Al-Qur’an di MDTA Ar-Rahmah. Penelitian ini menekankan pentingnya keterlibatan aktif dalam proses pembelajaran untuk mencapai hasil yang optimal.
Enhancing students’ engagement and motivation in physical education: the role of fitness tracker apps
Authors: Rusmitaningsih Fika Nuraini , Subarjah Herman , Yustiana Yusi Riksa , Saputra Deddy Rahmat
Published: December 2024

Background: The integration of technology in physical education (PE) has gained increasing attention for its potential to enhance student engagement and motivation. Fitness tracker applications, available on smartphones and wearables, offer innovative solutions for real-time feedback, activity monitoring, and motivational support. Research Objective: This study evaluates eleventh-grade students' perceptions of the effectiveness of fitness tracker apps in enhancing engagement and motivation in PE. Methods: The study was conducted with 60 students (30 males and 30 females) at Vocational High School 3 Tegal, Central Java, Indonesia. A mixed-methods approach was employed, combining quantitative data from structured questionnaires and fitness trackers with qualitative insights from semi-structured interviews and direct observations. Quantitative data were analysed using descriptive statistics and paired t-tests, while thematic analysis was applied to the qualitative data.  Finding/Results: The quantitative results indicated significant improvements in student engagement, motivation, and awareness of physical fitness, with increased frequency of app usage and higher motivation to exercise (p < 0.05). Qualitative analysis revealed that students appreciated the real-time feedback and motivational features of the apps, which enhanced their overall enjoyment and commitment to physical activities. However, technical challenges such as data synchronisation issues and difficulties with initial setup were consistently reported by participants. Conclusion: Fitness tracker applications hold significant potential to enhance student engagement and motivation in PE. The relatively small sample size (60 students) may limit the generalisability of the findings. Future research should address this limitation by incorporating larger samples and exploring solutions to technical challenges.
Конституционное обеспечение права на получение дополнительного профессионального образования субъектами со специальным социальным статусом
Authors: Матюшева Т.Н.
Published: December 2024

Задача исследования — определение места конституционного обеспечения права на получение дополнительного профессионального образования субъектами со специальным социальным статусом в достижении целей интеллектуального, духовно-нравственного, творческого, физического, профессионального развития человека, в удовлетворении его образовательных потребностей и интересов. Автор приходит к выводу о необходимости активизации деятельности по обеспечению возможности приобретения субъектами со специальным социальным статусом профессионального образования в процессе удовлетворения образовательных потребностей, не сопровождающихся повышением уровня образования.

The objective of the study is to determine the place of constitutional provision of the right to receive additional professional education by subjects with a special social status in achieving the goals of intellectual, spiritual, moral, creative, physical, professional development of a person, meeting his educational needs and interests. The author comes to the conclusion that it is necessary to intensify activities to ensure the possibility of subjects with a special social status acquiring professional education in the process of meeting educational needs that are not accompanied by an increase in the level of education.
Критерии допустимости вмешательства в геном человека: международный правовой аспект.
Authors: Пестрикова А.А.
Published: December 2024

Рассматриваются правовые аспекты редактирования генома человека с учетом последних рекомендаций Международной комиссии по клиническому использованию генетического редактирования в отношении человека 2021 года. Представлены принципы разграничения соматического редактирования и редактирования зародышевой линии человека, критерии для использования их в клинической практике. При использовании методов сравнительного правоведения, обобщения, анализа сделаны выводы о необходимости определения на законодательном уровне пределов генетического вмешательства в геном человека; целевого характера таких вмешательств; физических и психических условий, удовлетворяющих правовым и моральным аспектам здорового индивида. Обозначена важность гармонизации правовых норм с учетом международных актов и стандартов, а также единообразного применения критериев и пределов вмешательства в геном человека для сохранения здоровья человека, достоинства личности, свободы и справедливости, сохранения генетического разнообразия в целях защиты будущих поколений и человечества в целом.

The article examines the legal aspects of editing the human genome, taking into account the latest recommendations of the international commission on genetic editing. The differentiation of somatic editing and editing of the human germ line, criteria for their use in clinical practice are presented. When using the methods of comparative law, generalization, analysis and synthesis, conclusions are drawn about the need to determine at the legislative level the limits of genetic intervention in the human genome; the targeted nature of such interventions; physical and mental conditions that satisfy the legal and moral aspects of a healthy individual. The importance of harmonization of norms, taking into account international acts and standards, as well as the uniform application of criteria and limits of intervention in the human genome for the preservation of human health, personal dignity, freedom and justice, the preservation of genetic diversity, in order to protect future generations and humanity as a whole is highlighted.
Особенности республиканизма российской формы правления
Authors: Авдеев Д.А.
Published: December 2024

В статье анализируется проблематика идентификации отечественной формы правления, выявляются ее особенности. Автор приходит к выводу, что современная республиканская форма правления России является нестандартной, в связи с чем ее сложно относить к существующим видам республик. Исследуются особенности российской формы правления, выявляются ее характерные свойства и признаки, к числу которых относятся чрезмерная концентрация полномочий по государственному управлению в одном центре, отсутствие системы «сдержек и противовесов» при формальном провозглашении принципа разделения властей, неразвитость партийной системы. Это и многое другое позволяет характеризовать форму правления Российской Федерации как монократическую. Специфичность российской формы правления сопоставляется с ключевыми признаками республиканизма — выборностью, срочностью и ответственностью высших органов власти и управления, в связи с чем делается вывод о необходимости дальнейшего их развития в деятельности государственных органов. В основу методологии исследования положены помимо общенаучных частнонаучные методы, такие как историко-правовой, компаративистский, формально-юридический, метод моделирования и прогнозирования.

The article analyzes the problems of identification of the domestic form of government, identifies its features. The author comes to the conclusion that the modern republican form of government in Russia is non-standard, and therefore it is difficult to attribute it to the existing types of republics. Examining the peculiarities of the Russian form of government, its characteristic properties and features are revealed, which include the excessive concentration of powers for public administration in one center, the absence of a system of "checks and balances" in the formal proclamation of the principle of separation of powers, and the underdevelopment of the party system. This and much more makes it possible to characterize the form of government of the Russian Federation as monocratic. The specificity of the Russian form of government is compared with the key features of republicanism - the electivity, urgency and responsibility of the highest bodies of power and administration, in connection with which the conclusion is drawn about the need for their further development in the activities of these bodies. In addition to general scientific methods, private scientific methods such as historical-legal, comparative, formal-legal, modeling and forecasting methods were taken as the basis of the research methodology.
Анализ конституционного реформирования в странах Содружества Независимых Государств (СНГ)
Authors: Мандрыченко О.А.
Published: December 2024

В статье приводится общий анализ конституционного реформирования в странах Содружества Независимых Государств. Выделены блоки основных поправок в конституции стран СНГ и дан их сравнительно-правовой анализ, определены пути конституционного реформирования стран СНГ, представлен прогноз дальнейшего развития конституций. Автор отмечает, что изменение конституции — не только правовой, но и политический процесс, инициаторы изменений всегда преследуют собственные интересы: личные, улучшая свое положение, или политические, меняя правила общественных правоотношений и модель политической власти. Меняющиеся политические силы или их нестабильное положение требуют изменения конституционных норм, но эти изменения не всегда это оправданы, и стабильность конституции в таком случае зависит от способа принятия поправок и наличия конституционного контроля.

The article provides a general analysis of constitutional reform separately for the CIS countries, highlights the blocks of the main amendments to the constitutions of the CIS countries and their comparative legal analysis, defines the ways and forecast of constitutional reform of the CIS countries. The author notes that constitutional change is not only a legal, but also a political process, the initiators of change always pursue their own interests: personal, improving their situation; or political, changing the rules of public legal relations and the model of political power. Changing political forces or their precarious situation require a change in constitutional norms, this is not always justified, and the stability of the constitution in this case depends on the way amendments are adopted and the existence of constitutional control.
Проблема обеспечения безопасности личности при соотнесении человека с его цифровым образом
Authors: Степанов О.А.
Published: December 2024

В статье анализируется проблема обеспечения безопасности личности при соотнесении человека с его цифровым образом через призму понятий «персональные данные», «цифровой двойник», «большие данные». Автор отмечает, что обезличивание персональных данных не может рассматриваться как гарантия их анонимности и потенциально несет в себе опасность всевозможных правонарушений и преступлений.

The article analyzes the problem of ensuring personal safety when correlating a person with his digital image through the prism of the concepts of "personal data", "digital twin", "big data". The author notes that the depersonalization of personal data cannot be considered as a guarantee of their anonymity and potentially carries the danger of all kinds of offenses and crimes.
Участие несовершеннолетних лиц в судебном разбирательстве по уголовным делам
Authors: Овсянников И.В.
Published: December 2024

Рассматриваются процессуальные особенности участия несовершеннолетних лиц в судебном разбирательстве по уголовным делам, предусмотренные в отечественном законодательстве и в международных стандартах и нормах. Выявляются недостатки российского уголовно-процессуального закона в части регламентации порядка участия несовершеннолетних потерпевших в судебном разбирательстве уголовных дел частного обвинения.

The article examines the procedural features of the participation of minors in criminal proceedings, provided for in domestic legislation and in international standards and norms. The article reveals the shortcomings of the Russian criminal procedure law in terms of regulating the procedure for the participation of juvenile victims in court proceedings in criminal cases of private prosecution
Некоторые вопросы квалификации незаконного оборота оружия сквозь призму законодательных новелл
Authors: Ступина С.А.
Published: December 2024

Федеральным законом от 01.07.2021 № 281-ФЗ «О внесении изменений в Уголовный кодекс Российской Федерации и Уголовно-процессуальный кодекс Российской Федерации» внесены существенные изменения и дополнения в составы преступлений, регламентирующие уголовную ответственность за незаконный оборот оружия. В свете законодательных новелл, обусловленных адекватной реакцией государства на повышение общественной опасности незаконного оборота оружия, а также потребностями правоприменительной практики, особый интерес вызывает введение в этой сфере самостоятельного состава преступления, объективная сторона которого включает сбыт огнестрельного оружия, его основных частей, боеприпасов к нему. Указанное определяет необходимость установления критериев отграничения сбыта оружия от действий по его передаче. Кроме того, не утрачивает актуальность вопрос о моменте окончания такого сбыта. На основе системного и комплексного анализа положений Уголовного кодекса РФ, разъяснений Верховного Суда РФ, гражданского законодательства автором предлагается свое видение вышеуказанных актуальных проблем квалификации незаконного оборота оружия, формулируются предложения по унификации правоприменительной практики.

Federal Law No. 281-FZ of 01.07.2021 "On Amendments to the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation and the Criminal Procedure Code of the Russian Federation" introduced significant changes and additions to the elements of crimes regulating criminal liability for illegal arms trafficking. In the light of legislative innovations caused by an adequate response of the state to the increase in the public danger of illegal arms trafficking, as well as the needs of law enforcement practice, the introduction of an independent corpus delicti in this area, the objective side of which includes the sale of firearms, their main parts, ammunition for it, is of particular interest. This determines the need to establish criteria for distinguishing the sale of weapons from actions for their transfer. In addition, the question of the moment of the end of such sales does not lose its relevance. On the basis of a systematic and comprehensive analysis of the provisions of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation, explanations of the Supreme Court of the Russian Federation, civil legislation, the author offers his vision of the above-mentioned topical problems of the qualification of illegal arms trafficking, and formulates proposals for the unification of law enforcement practice.
Федерализация государственно-территориального устройства России на современном этапе
Authors: Федорец М.Н.
Published: December 2024

Исследуются особенности развития российского федерализма на современном этапе государственного строительства. Анализируя юридическое становление федеративной формы государственно-территориального устройства России, автор выделяет особенности его эволюционного развития. Отмечается, что процесс образования субъектов Российской Федерации носил неоднозначный характер в связи с их различным правовым статусом, а также формированием централизованной модели федерации. Исследуя особенности сложившейся российской модели федерации, автор выявляет проблемы, которые нуждаются в скорейшем разрешении, в частности, достижение равного конституционно-правового статуса субъектов Федерации, взаимодействие между федеральным центром и субъектами Федерации в части распределения компетенции по публичному управлению, а также проблемы, связанные с появлением федеральных территорий как новых элементов государственно-территориального устройства, и др. Автор приходит к выводу, что российская модель федерации нуждается в модернизации, в основе которой должна лежать комплексная концепция дальнейшего развития федерализма в России.

In the article, the author examines the features of the development of Russian federalism at the present stage of state building. Analyzing the legal formation of the federal form of the state-territorial structure of Russia, he highlights the features of its evolutionary development. It is noted that the process of formation of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation was ambiguous due to their different legal status, as well as the formation of a centralized model of the federation. Exploring the features of the existing Russian model of federation, the author identifies certain problems that need to be resolved as soon as possible. These include the problems of equal constitutional and legal status of the subjects of the Federation, the issues of interaction between the federal center and the subjects of the Federation in terms of the distribution of competence in public administration, the emergence of federal territories as new elements of the state-territorial structure, etc. The author concludes that the Russian model of federation needs modernization, which will be based on a comprehensive concept of the further development of federalism in Russia.
Перспективы использования искусственного интеллекта при осуществлении регуляторной политики
Authors: Степанов А.О.
Published: December 2024

Обосновывается необходимость и определяется подход к использованию потенциала искусственного интеллекта в ходе реализации современной регуляторной политики на основе создания комплексной системы управления качеством нормативных актов.

The article substantiates the necessity and defines an approach to using the potential of artificial intelligence in the implementation of modern regulatory policy based on the creation of a comprehensive quality management system for regulatory acts.
К вопросу о принципах судебной системы в России (с XVII века по 1864 год)
Authors: Очир-Гаряева И К.
Published: December 2024

Принципы, на основе которых осуществляется правосудие, отражают приоритетность определенных ценностей и идеологию государства, а также характеризуют, насколько развиты правосознание, правовая культура в том или ином обществе в определенный период его исторического развития и развития его правовых основ. Данные принципы определяют те цели, которых хочет добиться государство, воздействуя на общество в правовой сфере. Автор на примере реформы судебной системы России 1864 года показывает, на каких правовых принципах строилось пореформенное правосудие. Отмечается, что введение этих принципов способствовало развитию института защиты прав граждан разных сословий в рамках судебной системы.

The principles on the basis of which justice is administered reflect the priority of certain values and the ideology of the state, and also characterize how developed legal consciousness, legal culture in a particular society in a certain period of its historical development and the development of its legal foundations. These principles determine the goals that the state wants to achieve by influencing society in the legal sphere. Using the example of the reform of the judicial system of Russia in 1864, the author shows on what legal principles the post-reform justice was built. It is noted that the introduction of these principles contributed to the development of the institution of protecting the rights of citizens of different classes within the judicial system.
Вопросы в допросах по гражданским делам
Authors: Зашляпин Л.А.
Published: December 2024

Формулируется проблема несоответствия в гражданском процессуальном законе принципа состязательности (модели судопроизводства) гражданского процесса институту вопросов в допросах. Вопросы сторон в допросах по гражданским делам должны иметь приоритет против вопросов суда. Доминирование в регулировании допроса вопросов суда указывает на несоответствие между принципом состязательности и институтом вопросов в допросах.

The problem of inconsistency in the civil procedural law of the adversarial principle (model of legal proceedings) of the civil procedure with the institute of questions in interrogations is formulated. The questions of the parties in interrogations in civil cases should take precedence over the questions of the court. Dominance in the regulation of interrogation of questions by the court indicates a discrepancy between the principle of adversariality and the institution of questions in interrogation.
Конституционно-правовой статус главы государства в свете последних конституционных реформ в Российской Федерации и Республике Беларусь
Authors: Нечкин А.В.
Published: December 2024

Автор с применением общенаучных и частнонаучных методов познания рассматривает итоги последних конституционных реформ в двух государствах — Российской Федерации и Республике Беларусь, фокусируя внимание на изменениях элементов конституционно-правовых статусов глав данных государств. С опорой на свои более ранние исследования автор приходит к выводу о том, что конституционная реформа 2020 года в Российской Федерации и конституционная реформа 2022 года в Республике Беларусь могут быть классифицированы в качестве политически конъюнктурных. В качестве итогового вывода автор отмечает, что в вопросе реформирования конституционных норм необходимо придерживаться разумного баланса между стабильностью конституционного текста и политической целесообразностью, которая должна проистекать исключительно из интересов демократического большинства.

In this article, the author, using general scientific and particular scientific methods of cognition, examines the results of the latest constitutional reforms in two states - the Russian Federation and the Republic of Belarus, focusing on changes in the elements of the constitutional and legal statuses of the heads of these states. Based on his earlier research, the author comes to the conclusion that the constitutional reform of 2020 in the Russian Federation and the constitutional reform of 2022 in the Republic of Belarus can be classified as politically opportunistic. As a final conclusion, the author notes that in the issue of reforming constitutional norms, it is necessary to maintain a reasonable balance between the stability of the constitutional text and political expediency, which should stem exclusively from the interests of the democratic majority.
Недействительность крупных сделок и сделок c заинтересованностью: доказывание и доказательства
Authors: Лакоценина Н.М.
Published: December 2024

Статья посвящена исследованию недействительности таких корпоративных сделок, как крупные сделки и сделки с заинтересованностью в гражданском законодательстве России. Автор на основе анализа судебной практики выявляет особенности правового режима крупных сделок и сделок с заинтересованностью, а также специфику рассмотрения судебных дел о недействительности исследуемого вида сделок, определяет предмет доказывания, бремя распределения обстоятельств, подлежащих доказыванию и необходимые доказательства.

The article is devoted to the study of the invalidity of such corporate transactions as major transactions and transactions with interest in the civil legislation of Russia. Based on the analysis of judicial practice, the author reveals the features of the legal regime of major transactions and related-party transactions, as well as the specifics of considering court cases on the invalidity of the type of transactions under study, determines the subject of proof, the burden of distribution of circumstances to be proven and the necessary evidence.