bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Anders Breivik’s manifesto: Measuring Violence Indicator in Anti-Islamic Extremist Discourse
Authors: Mariet Rosnaida Cabrera Cusi  , Abdelaziz Berghout
Published: December 2024

On July 22, 2011, Anders Breivik massacred 75 people in a bomb attack and mass shooting out of his hatred towards Islam and Muslims. His actions shocked Norway and the world. He left behind a manifesto ‘2083, A European Declaration of Independence’ which clearly indicates his imagination about Islam and Muslims and the reasons that led him to commit this mass murder. Breivik is studied extensively in the academia through the lenses of Islamophobia and terrorism; there are few studies done on the levels of violence in anti-Islamic discourse. This study uses Richard A. Nielsen’s methodology which measures numerically to which extent Muslim clerics support for violent jihad and ideology in their writings. Such algorithmic approaches that evaluate extremist Muslim discourse have been mainly applied in Western academia to show level of violence in it. This study is unique as the Nielsen’s approach is applied to anti-Islamic extremist discourse. It takes Breivik’s manifesto as a field of analysis. First, it takes as a baseline the five topics (along its exclusive and its frequent keywords) in Jihadi corpus calculated by Professor Nielsen. Second, main key-terms of Breivik’s anti-Islamic position are measured to see the level of violence according to Nielsen’s methodology. After this, both key terms are compared. Results show that Breivik’s anti-Islamic position contains more violence indicator than the jihadist position. This research will be the first to apply algorithmic approach and it will demonstrate that using extremism measure tools developed by the Western academic can be applied to anti-Islamic extremist discourse. In conclusion, if extremism measure tools are applied fairly on both Islamist thought and anti-Islamic discourse, it will not only show that both streams of discourse contain levels of violence, but anti-Muslim discourse accommodates higher levels of violence as well. This research will open the way for Muslim academics to apply algorithmic methods to counter anti-Islamic discourse.
Antimicrobial, and Antitubercular Evaluation with ADME and Molecular Docking Studies and DFT Calculatıons of (Z)-3-((1-(5-amino-1,3,4-thiadiazol-2-yl)-2-Phenylethyl)imino)-5-nitroindolin-2-one Schiff Base
Authors: Gören Kenan , Bağlan Mehmet , Yıldıko Ümit
Published: December 2024

(Z)-3-((1-(5-Amino-1,3,4-Thiadiazol-2-yl)-2-Phenylethyl)İmino)-5-nitroindolin-2-one Schiff Base compound (ATSB) have lately gained popularity, so the concept that these compounds should be researched has been highlighted. ATSB molecule, a unique Schiff base complex, was selected for molecular modeling research for publication in the literature. Initially, dependent density functional theory (DFT) computations were performed on ATSB molecule (geometry optimization, HOMO-LUMO, MEPS maps, dipole moment calculations, NBO analysis, and Mulliken Atomic Charges). Additionally, ADME analyzes have been carried out for the ATSB molecule and the color regions are given separately. Schiff bases have been shown to have an important role in antibacterial and antituberculosis medication illness and drug repair. Finally, in our investigation, molecular docking analysis ments were performed individually for ATSB molecule with two distinct enzymes (5V3X and 5V3Y), docking scores and receptor models have been given.
Marmara Bölgesindeki Depremlerin Derin Öğrenme, Markov Zincirlerinin Durağan ve Limit Dağılımı Yöntemleri ile Tahmini
Authors: Gürlen Ülkü , Sağlam Vedat
Published: December 2024

Bu çalışma Marmara Bölgesi’nde (39.500 -41.500) kuzey, (26.000 -32.500) doğu koordinatları arasında, 1956-2022 yılları arasında meydana gelen M≥4 olan 606 deprem verisi Markov Zincirleri ve Derin Öğrenme yöntemleri ile analiz edilecek olup, söz konusu sınır, çalışmanın sismoteknotik bölgesi olarak kabul edilmiştir. Çalışmada, aletsel büyüklüğü dörtten daha küçük (M
Inconel 718 Malzemenin Borlanmasında İşlem Parametrelerinin Kaplama ve Aşınma Özelliklerine Etkisinin Makine Öğrenmesi Yöntemleri Kullanılarak Araştırılması
Authors: Çavdar Faruk , Günen Ali
Published: December 2024

Borlama, nikel esaslı süper alaşımların yüzey ve aşınma özelliklerini iyileştiren etkili bir işlemdir. Ancak, bu işlemin optimize edilmesi ve kaplama kalitesinin arttırılması için detaylı bir anlayışın gerekliliği ortaya çıkmaktadır. Çalışmanın temel amacı, borlama işlem parametrelerinin optimize edilmesi ve kaplama kalitesinin arttırılması için makine öğrenmesi kullanımını ortaya koymaktır. Çalışma kapsamında, kaplama kalınlığı, yüzey pürüzlülüğü, mikrosertlik gibi özellikler yanında 25, 400 ve 750 °C sıcaklık şartlarındaki ortalama sürtünme katsayısı ve aşınma hacim kaybının borlama sıcaklığı ve süresine bağlı değişimi incelenmiştir. Çalışmada öncelikle her bağımlı değişken için en uygun makine öğrenmesi algoritması belirlenmiş ve bu algoritmalar kullanılarak oluşturulan üç boyutlu yüzey grafikleri yardımıyla bağımlı değişkenlerin borlama sıcaklığı ve süresi ile değişimi görselleştirilmiştir. Grafikler üzerinde yapılan incelemeler sonucunda işlem sıcaklığı ve süresinin artmasıyla kaplama kalınlığı ve sertliğiyle birlikte yüzey pürüzlülüğünün de arttığı görülmüştür. Oda sıcaklığında ve 750 C’de yapılan aşınma deneylerinde sürtünme katsayısının en düşük değerinin (0,26) 1000-1050 °C arasında 5-6 saat aralığındaki işlem süresinde 0,26 elde edileceği saptanmıştır. Aşınma testlerinin 400 °C’de yapılması durumunda ise en düşük sürtünme katsayısının 900-1000 °C sıcaklık ve 3-5 saat işlem süresi aralığında (0,31) olacağı tespit edilmiştir. Ek olarak borlama sıcaklığın aşınma hacim kaybı üzerindeki etkisinin borlama işlem süresinden daha fazla olduğu tespit edilmiştir.
Giresun’daki Bazı Ortaokulların Bahçelerinde Bulunan Tohumlu Bitkilerin Belirlenmesi
Authors: Yeşilyurt Seda , Koz Bahadır
Published: December 2024

Bu çalışma; Giresun’da bulunan bazı devlet okulları ve özel okullarda, ortaokul kademelerinin bahçelerindeki tohumlu bitkilerin tespitini ve bahçe alanlarındaki yeşil alan miktarlarının belirlenerek, Türkiye ve dünyadaki durumunu tespit etmeyi amaçlamaktadır. Bu bağlamda tesadüfi örnekleme yoluyla saptanan, Giresun merkezde 9 ve Piraziz ilçesinde 4 ortaokulda gözlem çalışması gerçekleştirilmiştir. Veriler nitel toplama teknikleri kullanılarak elde edilmiştir. Çalışmanın yöntemi; saha çalışmaları, literatür taraması ve gözlemdir. Okullarda yapılan çalışmalar neticesinde öğrenci başına düşen yeşil alanın yetersiz olduğu, Milli Eğitim Bakanlığı’nın okullarda özel bir peyzaj çalışması yapmadığı, bunun dışında ağaçlandırma ve bakım çalışmalarının sınırlı imkanlarla okul idarecileri tarafından yapıldığı görülmektedir. Ayrıca okul bahçelerindeki bitki türlerinin bilinçsizce seçildiği, bazılarının zehirli ve alerjen etkiye sahip olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Çalışmada elde edilen bulgular doğrultusunda, okul bahçelerinin geniş ve yeşil planlanması, okulların yoğun trafik alanlarından uzağa inşa edilmesi ve okul bahçe sınırlarının en az iki sıra her dem ağaçlarla donatılması önerilmektedir. Bu alanların tasarlanması sürecinde uzmanlarla çalışılmalı, öğrenci ve paydaşların beklentileri dikkate alınmalıdır.
Talasemi Hastalığı Tahmini İçin Farklı Makine Öğrenmesi Yöntemlerinin Kullanılması ve Karşılaştırılması
Authors: Abbasoğulları Ece Gülşah , Gunay Faruk Baturalp
Published: December 2024

Talasemi, insan vücudunda az miktarda hemoglobin ve kırmızı kan hücresine neden olan kalıtsal bir hastalıktır. Bu hastalık tedavi edilemediği gibi bazı hastalarda ömür boyu kan nakli gerektirmektedir. Hastalığın erken teşhis edilmesi büyük önem taşımaktadır. Çalışmanın amacı makine öğrenmesi sınıflandırma yöntemleri kullanarak talasemi hastalığı tahmini yapmaktır. Çalışmada kullanılan veriler Erzurum Atatürk Üniversitesi Araştırma Hastanesine gelen hastalardan oluşmaktadır. Çalışma, python dili ile Jupyter Notebook ortamında sınıflandırma yöntemleri kullanılarak gerçekleştirilmiştir. Çalışmada, Naive Bayes (NB), K-En Yakın Komşu (KNN), Destek Vektör Makineleri (SVM), Lojistik Regresyon (LR), Rastgele Orman (RF) ve Karar Ağaçları (DT) gibi farklı sınıflandırma yöntemlerin karşılaştırılması yapılmıştır. Bu sınıflandırma yöntemleri kullanılarak en iyi tahmin sonucuna ulaşmaya çalışılmıştır. Veri seti %70 eğitim ve %30 test aşamasında kullanmak için ayrılmıştır. Bu aşamalarda oluşan sapmaların önüne geçmek için k kat çapraz doğrulama (k fold cross validation) yöntemi uygulanmıştır. Sınıflandırma yöntemlerinin performans değerlendirmesinde kesinlik (precision), duyarlılık (recall), f1-skoru (f1 score), doğruluk (accuracy), işlem karakteristik eğrisi (ROC-AUC), log loss (logaritmik kayıp) gibi performans metriklerine bakılmıştır. Çalışma sonucunda, yöntem uygulanmadan kurulan modeller içerisinde KNN yöntemi ile en başarılı doğruluk değeri %94,14 olarak, k katlı çapraz doğrulama yöntemi kullanıldıktan sonra kurulan modeller içerisinde ise RF yöntemi ile en başarılı doğruluk değeri %93,92 olarak elde edilmiştir.
Software Development with the R Programming Language for Studying Tyrosinase Enzyme Kinetics in Giresun Chanterelle Mushrooms
Authors: Altıok Evren , Mahfuz Maya
Published: December 2024

In this study, a software application for enzyme kinetics analysis was developed using the R programming language. The software was designed utilizing the kinetic measurement values of tyrosinase enzyme from Giresun chanterelle (Cantharellus cibarius) mushrooms. Detailed step-by-step documentation of the software development process is provided. The program includes statistical evaluations and applies the Michaelis-Menten enzyme kinetics model to describe the enzyme kinetics of Giresun chanterelle. Initial reaction rate values were determined with a high correlation and regression coefficient (R² > 0.95). The software plotted rate values against substrate concentration, yielding Km and Vmax values of 0.25 mM and 0.0016 mM/s, respectively. These values were used to plot the theoretical curve, and its correlation with experimental data was statistically analyzed. The results demonstrate that the developed software can rapidly analyze data with minimal errors. As an open-access and extensible tool, the program can be effectively utilized and further developed for studies on enzyme activation or inhibition.
ECG Noise Cancellation with Recursive Gauss-Seidel Algorithm
Authors: Hatun Metin
Published: December 2024

Electrocardiogram (ECG) signals provide information about heart functions and some cardiac diseases. However, various interferences distort the ECG waveforms during its measurement and transmission can cause inaccurate analysis and diagnosis. So, this unwanted disturbance signals must be eliminated and an acceptable ECG signal must be extracted the noisy ECG recordings. Researchers developed several methods to overcome the undesired noises and interferences contaminated to the ECG recordings. The adaptive filtering techniques have attracted the attention of scientists due to their adaptation mechanism to time-varying nature of undesired signals. Most of the presented adaptive filtering algorithms are gradient-based and have the advantage of simple implementation, but are affected negatively by disturbance signals; for example, they can have slow convergence rates and poor steady-state properties. Least squares-based algorithms are advantageous due to their faster convergence rates and better steady-state properties. In this paper, Recursive Gauss-Seidel (RGS) algorithm, which is an alternative least squares-based method to Recursive Least Squares (RLS) algorithm with less computational complexity, is presented to obtain an acceptable waveform from noisy ECG recordings. The denoising performance of the RGS algorithm is studied and compared to the widely used gradient-based algorithms and the popular RLS algorithm.
Synthesis, Characterization, of Antioxidant Activity Mannich Bases from 2-Benzoxalinones
Authors: Başoğlu Faika , Becer Eda , Ercetin Tugba , Gülcan Hayrettin Ozan
Published: December 2024

This study aimed to synthesize a series of 3-substituted piperazinomethyl derivatives (BzO1-4) via a Mannich reaction and evaluate their antioxidant activities using 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging activity and ferrous ion- chelation capacity assays. The synthesis process involved precise techniques, and the compounds were characterized using elemental analysis, FT-IR, and 1H-NMR spectroscopy. Notably, BzO-1, featuring a 4-methylphenyl substituent, emerged as a novel compound within this series, demonstrating the highest antioxidant activity among the four derivatives tested. A considarable performance of BzO-1 was evident in its ability to neutralize free radicals and ferric ion-chelating capacity indicating its potential as a potent antioxidant agent. The detailed characterization data provided insights into the molecular structures and electronic environments of the synthesized compounds, which were crucial for understanding their antioxidant mechanisms. These findings suggest that the structural modifications in these piperazinomethyl derivatives significantly influence their antioxidant properties, and the novel BzO-1 compound holds promise for further development and application in antioxidant therapy.
Analysis of the Total Number of Licensed Athletes Using Artificial Neural Networks for the Future Years in Türkiye
Authors: Şenol Halil , Çolak Halil , Çolak Emre
Published: December 2024

The term sport refers to a collection of competitive or leisure physical activities conducted under certain rules and regulations to enhance individuals' physical capabilities, skills, and endurance. Official figures indicate that there are roughly 6.25 million licensed athletes in Türkiye as of 2022. The projection of this figure in the forthcoming years is crucial for facilitating more efficient sports policy planning. The entire number of athletes in Türkiye till 2040 was projected using artificial neural networks (ANN). The utilization of artificial neural networks to predict the number of athletes facilitates the production of projections for subsequent years. These estimations furnish essential data for the expansion of sports and the growth potential of the sports business. The study utilized the Levenberg-Marquardt and Bayesian Regularization techniques of ANN. By the year 2040, it is projected that Türkiye would have a minimum of 7.33 million athletes. Future research should quantify and analyze the number of athletes across various disciplines utilizing ANN algorithms.
Investigation of Sambucus ebulus Plant Extract with Regard to its In-vitro DNA Protective Action, Cytotoxic Effect and Amoebicidal on Acanthamoeba castellanii Trophozoites
Authors: Kaynak Bülent , Aydoğdu Gülizar , Kolören Zeynep
Published: December 2024

The amoebicidal, DNA protective and cytotoxic activities of the ethanolic leaf extract of Sambucus ebulus against Acanthamoeba castellanii trophozoites were investigated. The extract at different concentrations (45, 22.5, 11.25, 5.62, 2.8, 1.4, 0.7 mg/mL) was found to amoebicidal effect on trophozoites. At a concentration of 45 mg/mL, the extract completely eliminated trophozoites by the 72nd hour. IC50 values were 1.9, 3.3, 4.8 mg/mL at 72, 48, 24 hours, respectively. Cytotoxicity in HeLa cells was assessed via 3-(4.5-dimethylthiazol-2 yl)-2.5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay, revealing dose-dependent viability reduction with an IC50 of 1 mg/mL at 72 hours DNA-protective effects were observed against hydroxyl radical-induced damage in pBR322 plasmid DNA. Lower extract concentrations (5.62, 2.8, 1.4 mg/ml) effectively inhibited DNA damage, while higher concentrations (45, 22.5, 11.25 mg/ml) showed weaker effects. Phytochemical analysis using Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS) identified the bioactive compounds responsible for these effects. In conclusion, the potent amoebicidal activity, DNA protective properties, and controlled cytotoxicity of Sambucus ebulus extract suggest its potential as a therapeutic agent not only for antiparasitic treatments but also for the prevention of DNA damage-related diseases. The findings indicate that the extract could be considered as an alternative or complementary approach for preserving genomic integrity and for clinical applications.
The Role of Flavonoids in the Antimicrobial Activity of Peganum harmala Extract
Authors: Verep Koç Didem , Güder Aytaç , Güney Kerim , Gür Mahmut , Ateş Saim
Published: December 2024

The use of plant extracts and their active compounds for medicinal purposes, particularly for antimicrobial activity, has become increasingly prevalent in recent years. This study aimed to evaluate the antimicrobial activities of Peganum harmala seed extract against various microorganisms using the disc diffusion method. Ethanol (65% concentration) was used to extract the active components from the P. harmala plant. Eight types of flavonoids in the plant extract were analyzed through HPLC. The antimicrobial activity of the extract was assessed against 15 microorganisms, including 14 bacterial strains and 1 fungus, via disc diffusion, minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC), minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC), and minimum fungicidal concentration (MFC) tests. The results indicated that P. harmala exhibited activity against Bacillus subtilis, Candida albicans, Enterobacter aerogenes, Enterococcus faecalis, Enterococcus faecium, Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Pseudomonas fluorescens, Salmonella enteritidis, Salmonella infantis, Salmonella kentucky, Salmonella typhimurium, Staphylococcus aureus, and Staphylococcus epidermidis, with MIC values ranging from 6.50 µg/mL to 52.03 µg/mL. The P. harmala extract demonstrated both antibacterial and antifungal activity against all tested microorganisms, with varying efficacy.
Farklı Üretim Tekniklerinin PVA Esaslı Yeşil Kompozit Membranların Gaz Ayırma Özelliklerine Etkisi
Authors: Mutuk Tuğba , Keskin Taha Yağız , Aykaç Özen Hülya
Published: December 2024

Bu çalışmada polivinil alkol (PVA) esaslı ve muz lifi katkılı yeşil kompozit membranların gaz ayırma özellikleri incelenmiştir. Membran üretiminde, çevre dostu ve biyolojik olarak parçalanabilir bir polimer olan PVA kullanılmış, ana takviye malzemesi olarak ise muz lifi tercih edilmiştir. Muz lifleri atık olarak değerlendirilebilen doğal bir malzeme olup, kompozitlerin termal, mekanik ve gaz geçirgenlik özelliklerine katkıda bulunmuştur. Araştırmada döküm yöntemi ve elektrosprey biriktirme yöntemi olmak üzere iki farklı üretim yöntemi kullanılmıştır. Bu yöntemlerin, PVA esaslı kompozit membranların mikroyapısına ve gaz ayırma performansına olan etkileri karşılaştırılmıştır. Gaz geçirgenliği ve CO2/N2 gaz ayrımı testlerinde muz lifinin katkı oranının (ağ.%1, %3, %5) ve üretim yönteminin etkisi analiz edilmiştir. Elektrosprey biriktirme yöntemiyle üretilen membranların, özellikle ağ.%5 muz lifi katkılı kompozit membranların, CO2 geçirgenlik değerlerinin en yüksek olduğunu göstermiştir. Ayrıca, elektrosprey biriktirme yöntemiyle elde edilen membranların, döküm yöntemine göre daha gözenekli bir yapıya sahip olduğu ve bu nedenle gaz geçirgenliğini artırdığı tespit edilmiştir. Ancak, seçicilik açısından bakıldığında, en yüksek CO2/N2 seçiciliği saf PVA membranlarda elde edilmiştir. Muz lifi katkısının artırılması, gözenek yapısını iyileştirirken, seçiciliği olumsuz etkileyebilmektedir. Bu çalışma, karbon yakalama teknolojilerinde sürdürülebilir ve doğal malzeme kullanımı açısından önemli katkılar sunmuş ve PVA esaslı yeşil kompozitlerin gelecekteki endüstriyel uygulamalar için potansiyel taşıdığını ortaya koymuştur.
Comparison of Optical Parameters of Transparent Metal Oxide CdO and CdAlO Thin Films Produced by Electrochemical Deposition
Authors: Ünal Fatih
Published: December 2024

In this study, CdO and CdAlO thin films were produced using a single-step electrochemical deposition method, and their basic optical parameters were compared. Optical analysis was performed in the wavelength range of 300-700 nm. As a result of the optical analysis, it was observed that the CdAlO thin film was more transparent at higher wavelengths and had a higher absorption capacity at lower wavelengths compared to the CdO thin film. The maximum transmittance (T%) was 43% for the CdO thin film and 55% for the CdAlO thin film. At 300 nm, the reflection (R%) value of the CdO thin film was 6.5%, while the R% value of the CdAlO thin film was 7.5%. The maximum absorption coefficient (α) value of the CdO thin film was 1.9x10⁶ m⁻¹, while the maximum α of the CdAlO thin film was 2.9x10⁶ m⁻¹. At 300 nm, the extinction coefficient (k), refractive index (n), energy band gap (Eg), and optical conductivity (σ) values of the CdO thin film were 0.04, 1.26, 2.82 eV, and 5.9x10¹⁴, respectively, while for the CdAlO thin film, these values were 0.07, 1.31, 3.11 eV, and 9.2x10¹⁴, respectively. Based on these results, it was concluded that the CdAlO thin film exhibited higher values compared to the CdO thin film.
Hazır Beton Üretim Tesislerinin Çevresel Etkilerinin İncelenmesi
Authors: Aydın Çora Tuğçe , Turan Nurdan Gamze
Published: December 2024

Muğla ilinde bulunan hazır beton ve beton ürünleri üretim tesisinde üretim faaliyetlerinden kaynaklanan karbon emisyon değeri hesaplanmıştır. Tesisteki emisyon kaynaklarına göre 2023 yılı karbon emisyon değeri belirlenmiştir. Tesisteki emisyon kaynakları; personel transferi ve ürün sevkiyatı için yakıt kullanımı, üretim sürecinde ihtiyaç duyulan elektrik, doğal gaz ve su kullanımı; atık olarak ise atık su, atık yağ ve kağıt kartondur. Faktörler ISO 14064:2018 ve GHG Protokolü’ne göre sınıflandırılmıştır. Hesaplamada IPCC Tier 1 metodolojisi kullanılmıştır. Emisyon faktörleri için DEFRA ve IPCC ulusal veri tabanları kullanılırken, elektrik emisyon faktörü verileri için Türkiye Cumhuriyeti Enerji ve Tabii Kaynaklar Bakanlığı Enerji Verimliliği ve Çevre Dairesi Türkiye Ulusal Elektrik Şebekesi Emisyon Faktörü kullanıldı. Çok sayıda faaliyet, üç temel gaz olan CO2, CH4 ve N2O’nun oluşumuna yol açabilir. Karbon emisyonunda tCO2e cinsinden sonuçları hesaplamak için üç temel gazın (CO2, CH4 ve N2O) küresel ısınma potansiyelleri kullanıldı. Tesiste 2023 yılında makine, ekipman ve tesisatların kullanımından kaynaklanan elektrik tüketimine ait CO2 emisyon değeri 177.007 tCO2 olarak belirlenmiştir. Yakıt tüketiminden kaynaklanan toplam emisyon değeri 4482,649 tCO2 olarak hesaplanmıştır. Üretim sürecinde kullanılan doğalgazdan kaynaklanan toplam CO2 emisyon değeri 508,1128 tCO2 olarak belirlenmiştir. Su tüketiminden kaynaklanan CO2 emisyonu 3,594 tCO2 olarak hesaplanmıştır. Atıksu, atık yağ ve kağıt karton atığının oluşumundan kaynaklanan CO2 emisyon değerleri sırasıyla 0,1077, 0,0117 ve 0,00192 tCO2 olarak belirlenmiştir. Hazır beton ve beton ürünleri üretimi sırasındaki tüm faaliyet verileri değerlendirildiğinde, tesisin toplam CO2 emisyon değeri 5171,484 tCO2 olarak bulunmuştur. CO2 emisyon değerine en çok katkıda bulunan faaliyet yakıt tüketimidir. Yakıt tüketimini sırasıyla doğal gaz ve elektrik tüketimi takip etmiştir. Tesis düşük emisyon değerlerine sahip olsa da, 2050 hedeflerine ulaşmak için emisyonları en aza indirmek çok önemlidir.
On the Graphical Analysis of a Fuzzy Problem
Authors: Gültekin Çitil Hülya
Published: December 2024

The fuzzy Laplace transform method is very useful to solve fuzzy differential equations and this method is an important method in practice. This paper is on a second-order fuzzy problem. In this study, we research the fuzzy problem with negative fuzzy coefficient using the method of fuzzy Laplace transform. Since we use generalized Hukuhara differentiability, solutions are investigated under the four different situations. A numerical example is given. Graphics of the solutions are drawn for alpha level sets. Conclusions are presented at the end of the paper.
Guest editorial: Futures in entrepreneurial behaviour
Authors: Gáspár Tamás
Published: December 2024

This special issue adopts a practice-based approach focusing on enterprises that have
achieved success in the past. By analysing the activities and decision-making processes of
business and governance organisations from a futures perspective, the case studies aim to
uncover key elements of anticipation and foresight practices that influenced decisions and
contributed to organisational success. Through the case studies, readers can follow the
narratives and company analyses to understand how they adapted foresight elements and
how they utilized visions, and they can also delve into the successes or failures these
companies encountered.
By way of introduction to this special issue, the case studies are compared, focusing
on both their approaches and outcomes. First, the rationale and foundational concepts of the
research studies are presented and then a summary of the key takeaways from the case
studies. Finally, insights from the research papers are presented, accompanied by concluding
remarks. This Special Issue was conducted in the framework off the Sándor Demján
Foundation as part of the research project titled Futures Literacy as a Special Soft Skill –
Entrepreneurial and Educational Adaptation and Development.
A strategic approach to stakeholder engagement and scenario planning
Authors: Ács Annamaria
Published: December 2024

Strategic thinking is crucial for urban planning in a world characterized by uncertainties. To
address these uncertainties, long-term visionary planning is essential, enabling the creation of resilient
and adaptable strategies. Involvement of stakeholders, such as businesses, NGOs, and local
governments, in participatory governance has become a widely used method in Western democracies.
This approach fosters collaboration between various actors, enabling diverse viewpoints in decisionmaking processes. Strategic foresight has emerged as a valuable tool for managing uncertainty by
developing plausible future scenarios. These scenarios help decision-makers understand potential paths
and create strategies that can succeed in different future contexts. This paper illustrates the process of
developing methodological tools that integrate strategic foresight and stakeholder engagement to shape
the future of sustainable urban mobility. It showcases the creation of an online questionnaire and
structured workshops involving business leaders, decision-makers, and NGOs to generate multiple
alternative scenarios for Budaörs' sustainable urban mobility by 2030. The case study highlights the
importance of structured methodologies in guiding participants through effective scenario-building,
ensuring outcomes that are both actionable and aligned with broader strategic goals. This approach not
only encourages future-oriented thinking but also provides a comprehensive framework for urban
planning at the municipal level.
A case of successful implantation of a modified stent graft in a dissecting aortic arch aneurysm
Authors: K. B. Abzaliev
Published: December 2024

With the development of endovascular intervention methods, it became possible to save the patient in more cases. If it is not possible to install a stent graft for technical reasons or the patient is not transportable, open surgical interventions remain.

The authors described a method for treating a patient with a dissecting aneurysm of the thoracic aorta type IIIB according to DeBakey using a stent graft by forming a fenestration according to the model of the anatomy of the left subclavian artery orifice, modified by a physician "on the operating table". Such modifications on the table or in situ make it possible to model the prosthesis according to the variant of the anatomy of a particular patient, which allows optimizing the fit of the prosthesis, eliminating additional stages of complex surgical treatment, reducing the undesirable consequences of standard approaches, including preliminary endovascular occlusion of the left subclavian artery and the formation of a carotid-subclavian shunt, reduce time of stationary observation. The use of the described technique makes it possible to reduce complications in radical (open) surgical treatment of patients with dissecting aneurysms and increase the effectiveness of treatment. This technique is a promising direction in the development of endovascular and surgery and requires further study to assess long-term results and prognosis in a large number of patients.
A Prospective Comparative study to Evaluate the Efficacy of Wound Healing using Negative Pressure wound Therapy with or Without Instillation
Authors: Singhavi Hitesh Rajendra
Published: December 2024

Objective: NPWT has evolved as a standard treatment for chronic traumatic and infected wounds, demonstrating an increase in wound healing when compared to normal wound care treatments. The NPWTi is a combination of the traditional NPWT with various fluid instillations into the wound. The objectives of this paper were to see whether there is any benefit in administering a saline infusion in addition to the conventional NPWT.

Method: Around 40 patients were enrolled in our study, with 20 patients in each of the NPWT and NPWTi groups, with a mean age of 60 years. The efficacy in treatment was assessed in terms of wound bed score, the number of follow-ups to wound closure, and the wound closure methods

Result: There was no statistical significance in the number of follow-ups required in both groups (P value 0.622). The NPWTi group showed rapid wound healing in the initial two follow-ups with a significant P value (P=0.00), but both groups showed comparable wound healing in the third and fourth follow-ups with no statistical difference (P=0.564). The end outcome in terms of wound closure could not be compared due to differences in wound volume in patients requiring skin grafting.

Conclusion: In comparison to NPWT, NPWTi demonstrated accelerated wound healing, increased granulation tissue, and brought down infection, however wound closure in terms of secondary suturing or split thickness skin graft was the same in both groups.
A Case Report of Acute Emphysematous Pyelitis in Remote Australia
Authors: Lay Misha
Published: December 2024

Acute emphysematous pyelitis (EP) is a rare suppurative urinary tract infection that is characterised by bacteria-formed gas within the obstructed urinary pelvicalyceal system. It often requires broad spectrum antibiotics, and urgent surgical intervention to gain decompression and source control due to the associated risk of mortality of up to 20%. The condition is also often incorrectly used interchangeably with “acute emphysematous pyelonephritis” (EPN), which is another condition associated with higher mortality, warranting more aggressive interventions such as emergent nephrectomy. This case is about a middle-aged woman from a remote community in Australia with poorly controlled type II diabetes and a recent urinary tract infection (UTI), presenting with urosepsis secondary to an acute left emphysematous pyelitis. The challenges of this case included the 36 hours of delayed access to the nearest urological service and initial concerns for acute emphysematous pyelonephritis, with associated worsening septicaemia and acute renal injury. The patient eventually had an emergency left ureteric stent insertion and made a full post-operative recovery. This case highlights the importance of early urological intervention for acute emphysematous pyelitis, and the importance of distinguishing between acute emphysematous pyelitis from acute emphysematous pyelonephritis. It also highlights the potential need for active consideration of excluding acute emphysematous pyelitis or pyelonephritis in high-risk patients, especially those living in remote and isolated from urological services.
Psychological Problems of Patients with Lung Cancer
Authors: Pawlak Adam
Published: December 2024

The subject is to present the current knowledge on psychological problems in the population of lung cancer patients. Lung cancer is a malignant neoplasm with the highest mortality. As a result, the patient is accompanied by numerous problems, not only somatic, but also psychological. They are different at different stages of the disease, but specialized care, not only medical but also psychological, is the basis for a full recovery of the patient. Psychological problems among patients not only with lung cancer but also with other oncological diseases are numerous. Depending on the phase of the disease or remission, their intensity remains variable. Psychological care for a group of oncological patients remains unsatisfactory.
Re-print: Update on Ghanem’s New Scientific Discoveries in physics, Physiology, and Medicine
Authors: N Ghanem Ahmed
Published: December 2024

Citation: Ahmed N Ghanem. Update on Ghanem’s New Scientific Discoveries in physics, Physiology, and Medicine. Biomed J Sci & Tech Res 31(3)-2020. BJSTR. MS.ID.005117.

Introduction and Objective: To report the new scientific discoveries in physics, physiology and medicine by one author.

Material and Methods: Results of my research are summarized. It is based on 2 clinical studies one prospective and the second case series on hyponatraemia (HN) of the transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP) syndrome. A physics study on porous orifice (G) tube proves Starling’s law is wrong. I reported prospective study on nephroptosis revealing its link with the loin pain haematuria syndrome (LPHS) and curative surgery for it.

Results: Two physics and two physiological discoveries are reported. Acute HN presents as shock during surgery. It is induced by massive gain of sodium-free fluid recognized as volumetric overload shock (VOS). Features of the multiple organ dysfunction syndrome occur, include ARDS, Acute renal failure (ARF) and Coma. The prospective study demonstrated volumetric overload is the most significant in patho-aetiology. The case series demonstrated mistaking VOS for a known shock and treating it with further volume expansion cause death. Correct diagnoses as VOS and treating it with hypertonic sodium is lifesaving. The physics study on the G tube demonstrated that proximal, akin to arterial, pressure induces suction not filtration producing the hydrodynamic phenomenon that replaces Starling’s law. The link of LPHS with nephroptosis is demonstrated by the IVU 7 sign. The curative surgery for LPHS is renal sympathetic denervation and nephropexy.

Conclusion: Dilution HN presents as shock that is mistaken for known shocks and treated with volume expansion causing death or ARDS. Manifestations include shock, ARDS, ARF and Coma. The correct treatment is hypertonic sodium. Starling s law has proved wrong. The correct replacement is the hydrodynamics of G tube. The puzzle of LPHS was also resolved.
Severe Isolated Bilateral Posterior Semicircular Canal Hypofunction inducing Perverted Head Shaking Downbeat Nystagmus
Authors: Marcelli Vincenzo
Published: December 2024

Downbeat nystagmus evoked by horizontal head shaking is most often a sign of central vestibular pathology. Rarely, however, such a sign may be present in peripheral pathologies that are well recognized clinically and semeiologically.
Isolated hypofunction of the two posterior semicircular canals is also a very rarely described condition, often idiopathic or mainly due to deficiency, traumatic, autoimmune or ototoxic disorders.
A 77-year-old man presented to our observation with a history of severe unsteadiness.
The clinical and instrumental examination showed a downbeat nystagmus elicited by a horizontal head shaking test (perverted) and an impairment of both posterior semicircular canals.
Findings suggesting other peripheral vestibular pathologies responsible for this sign or even a central vestibular lesion were absent. Clinical evaluation and blood testing ruled out the conditions reported as potentially responsible for bilateral posterior canal hypofunction.
The case described should lead us to consider isolated idiopathic hypofunction of both posterior semicircular canals associated only with the nystagmus finding of a head shaking downbeat nystagmus, among the peripheral vestibular pathologies already described in the literature that could be responsible for perverted Head Shaking Down Beat Nystagmus (p-HSDBN). Therefore, when faced with the latter finding in a non-emergent outpatient setting, among the various etiopathogenetic hypotheses, this type of peripheral cause should be carefully excluded before sending patients for more invasive and costly tests that may be useless and may delay healing and recovery.
The aim of our study is to present the unique case of a patient with downbeat nystagmus elicited by a horizontal head shaking test (perverted) due to an impairment of both posterior.
Radioactive Seed-guided Resection of Cholangiocellular Carcinoma in Cirrhotic Patients; Case Report
Authors: Aegerter Noa Lina Eleni
Published: December 2024

The most common cause for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is cirrhosis. Furthermore, cirrhosis is a risk factor for cholangiocarcinoma (CC). Detection of HCC and CC can be challenging in both radiologic imaging and during surgical resection, especially in patients with an underlying parenchymal liver disease such as cirrhosis. Therefore, radioactive seed-guided resection of these tumors, analogously to breast cancer, could be an interesting approach. We present two cases of cirrhotic patients in whom this method of tumor labeling was used.
The first case was a patient suffering from suspected HCC. Although the targeted lesions had been verified by intraoperative ultrasound before non-anatomical resection, histological examination of the specimen showed no tumor. Three months later, tumor progression was seen on liver imaging. Therefore, the patient underwent interventional labeling of the tumor with a radioactive seed followed by open resection. Complete removal of a combined HCC-CC of the liver in segment VII was achieved.
In the second patient, seed-guided resection was recommended due to underlying cirrhosis. Furthermore, the two lesions were rather small and the localization were surgically difficult to reach. Both lesions were pre-labelled with help of TACE and Lipiodol the day before. Subsequently, two radioactive seeds were placed in the lesions, and resection was performed successfully.
This report emphasizes the difficulties, which surgeons and radiologists may face in tumor entities that are difficult to identify both macroscopically, by palpation and intraoperative imaging techniques. It also highlights the successful adaption of a procedure commonly used for breast cancer surgery for liver surgery.
Pediatric Psychodermatology and Trichotillomania: Update on Strategies for Effective Treatment
Authors: B. Goldstein Leonard
Published: December 2024

This review serves as an update to our previous work on psychodermatology, a rapidly expanding sub-specialty that explores the intersection of dermatologic and psychiatric disorders. Since the initial publication, few developments have emerged in the management of key conditions such as delusions of parasitosis, trichotillomania (TTM), onychophagia, excoriation disorder, and body dysmorphic disorder, many of which frequently coexist with mood disorders. Specifically, TTM, classified under "Obsessive-Compulsive and Related Disorders" in the DSM-5, continues to present distinct challenges, especially in pediatric populations. Our updated review highlights the importance of a multidisciplinary approach involving dermatologists and mental health professionals, with a focus on integrating habit reversal therapy (HRT), cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT), and newer pharmacological treatments. As data on optimal treatment strategies remain limited, this paper emphasizes the necessity of individualized care to enhance patient outcomes, reflecting the evolving landscape of psychodermatology since our initial analysis.
Integration of Alternative and Complementary Medicine with Modern Western Medicine for Enhanced Patient Care
Authors: Gupta Rajeev
Published: December 2024

The integration of alternative and complementary medicine (CAM) with modern Western medicine offers a promising approach to improving patient care by combining the strengths of both systems. CAM therapies such as Ayurveda, acupuncture, homeopathy, yoga, meditation, and herbal medicine focus on holistic, patient-centred care that emphasizes prevention, lifestyle modification, and natural healing processes. In contrast, modern Western medicine excels in evidence-based diagnosis and treatment of acute conditions through pharmacological, surgical, and technological interventions. However, modern medicine often focuses on symptom management rather than addressing the root causes of disease, particularly in the context of chronic and lifestyle-related conditions.

This paper explores the potential for CAM therapies to complement conventional treatments, focusing on their synergistic effects in managing chronic diseases, reducing medication side effects, enhancing mental health, and offering more personalized care. By incorporating CAM approaches, healthcare providers can address both the physical and psychological aspects of health, thereby improving patient outcomes and satisfaction. The mechanisms of action underlying CAM therapies are increasingly understood through scientific research, helping bridge the gap between these two paradigms. This integration represents an evolving model of patient care, where the combined use of CAM and conventional medicine offers a more comprehensive and individualized approach to health. Future research and multidisciplinary collaboration are essential for fully realizing the potential of integrative medicine.
A Prospective Clinical Trial to find the Efficiency of the Therapeutic use of a Combination of Transdermal gels Producing CO2 in Treating Varicose Ulcers that do not Respond to Primary Treatment
Authors: H Leibaschoff Gustavo
Published: December 2024

In this study, we evaluated 40 patients, all carriers of severe varicose ulcers. After four weeks of undergoing the same primary treatment, the progress was not as expected. We added two weekly applications, eight sessions in total, of transdermal carboxytherapy CO2-producing gels to their treatment primary regimen.

We assessed the patients through photos taken before applying the gels and after 4 and 6 weeks of the starting date.

We evaluated clinical manifestations, including the varicose ulcer's diameter and length, granulation, exudates, and pain.

The patients underwent an arterial and venous Echo Doppler before and immediately after the first application to rule out arterial involvement and to observe any changes in stroke flow at the microcirculatory level.

We measured the transcutaneous oxygen pressure (TcPO2) at a specific point for reference using a sensor before and after the first application and after the eighth application (one month later) of the gels (CO2PRO®) to see if transdermal carboxytherapy increased tissue oxygenation.

Purpose

This prospective study aims to evaluate the efficacy of a transdermal product (CO2PRO®) that, through a combination of gels, provides carbon dioxide to increase microcirculation and promote tissue oxygenation through the Bohr effect, helping to regenerate varicose ulcers.

Patients selected to enter the study were under primary ulcer treatment and were not responding as expected. The patients continued to use their primary treatment and added the combination of gels that produce transdermal CO2.
Effects of optimal versus suboptimal median household income on the surgically treated traumatic brain injury population at a level I trauma center in the Boston metropolitan area: a propensity score–matched analysis
Authors: Ravina Kristine , Ladner Liliana , Safransky Michelle , Sconzo Daniel , Wetsel Zachary P. , Wadhwa Aryan , Balagurunath Kaasinath , Ahrens Monica L. , Binello Emanuela
Published: December 2024

OBJECTIVE

The median household income is a useful metric for healthcare disparity assessment. New England holds the highly diverse, densely populated Boston metropolitan area, which is known for having one of the highest living wages in the US. To the authors’ knowledge, there is no published data on the effects of optimal versus suboptimal median household income on the surgical treatment of patients with traumatic brain injury (TBI). The authors sought to evaluate the disparities of an optimal versus suboptimal median household income–stratified population of patients with TBI who underwent surgical treatment at a single level I trauma center with a high safety-net burden in a major US metropolitan area.

METHODS

Demographic, clinical, and outcome data of patients who underwent surgery for TBI between 2015 and 2021 were collected and stratified based on optimal (≥ $80,000) and suboptimal (< $80,000) median residential household income. One-to-one tight caliper (0.01) propensity score matching was performed to balance the groups for comparative analysis.

RESULTS

From the initial 144 patients in the optimal and 140 patients in the suboptimal income groups, 53 patients were included in each group after propensity matching. The suboptimal income group was significantly more ethnically diverse (p = 0.02), with significantly more ethnic minority patients (p = 0.05). Significantly more patients in the optimal income group presented as transfers from other hospitals (p < 0.001). Insurance status, injury mechanism, type and location, imaging features, length of ICU stay, and distribution of disposition destinations, as well as the follow-up time and outcome measures were not significantly different between the two groups after propensity matching.

CONCLUSIONS

Although the suboptimal income group is significantly more ethnically diverse, median household income does not seem to affect TBI outcomes and discharge disposition. Patients in the optimal income group more frequently presented as transfers from other facilities, potentially indicating fair high-level care at a specialized trauma center with a high safety-net burden adapted to a diverse patient population.