bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Infection Prevention and Control Audit of a Tertiary-Level Care Hospital Hemodialysis Unit in the United Arab Emirates at Times of COVID-19 Pandemic - A Case Study
Authors:   College of Pharmacy, Gulf Medical University, Ajman, UAE., Thomas Dixon
Published: April 2022

Background: Infection prevention and control (IPC) in the hemodialysis unit is a multidisciplinary program that makes the healthcare facilities safe from infection for patients and healthcare personnel. In this audit, we evaluate the utility of the CDC hemodialysis unity infection prevention and control assessment tool at a tertiary-level care hospital in the United Arab Emirates. Materials and Methods: The research team performed an audit in March 2021 at a tertiary-level care hospital hemodialysis unit on infection prevention and control using the CDC tool. This tool has eleven items that cover different aspects of infection prevention, which have been used in different studies. Short-term areas of improvement identified were acted upon to resolve. Long-term areas of improvement are recommended to the hospital management. Results: The majority of the CDC IPC items on the checklist were applicable at the study site. Short-term improvements that were already acted upon at the time of audit were additional training and assessment of competencies of HCPs on selected competencies. Educational posters for the patients were displayed using the unit television. Television is there in the patient waiting for areas and for individual HD cabins. Infection control certifications by more nurses at the unit need to be done and more educational videos to be created. More educational posters for patients to be placed in the unit. Conclusion: The dialysis unit at the study site largely follows CDC guidance and policies to prevent and control infections. Some of the recommendations were implemented while auditing; others were recommended for improvements. The CDC audit tool was found to be useful in IPC at the study site even at times of COVID-19.
Mucocutaneous Manifestations of COVID-19 among Iraqi Patients in Al Diwaniyah Province, Iraq: Case Series Study
Authors:   Lecturer, Dermatology Specialist, Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Al-Qadisiyah, Iraq., Bdaiwi Sanaa A
Published: April 2022

Background:The relatively wide distribution of ACE2 receptors all over body tissues suggests the possibility of clinical manifestations other than that of the respiratory tract. The usual incubation period is about 14 days which is often followed by the usual respiratory symptoms and constitutional signs. Globally, additional novel manifestations, including dermatological ones have been reported. Aim:To characterise the skin manifestations in patients with COVID-19 in Al Diwaniyah Province, mid-Euphrates region of Iraq.Method: The present case series study included 54 patients with COVID-19 and a variety of skin manifestations. Those patients visited the dermatology unit at Al Diwaniyah teaching hospital, Al Diwaniyah province, Iraq during the period of the study. The study started in July 2020 and ended in June 2021.Results: The most common features were those of morbilliform eruptions accounting for 18.5% of cases followed by urticarial lesions accounting for 13.0% of cases for followed by ecchymotic pruritic lesion (11.1%). Other features such as oral ulceration and vesicular lesions were also seen in 9.3% of cases. All the body was involved in 29.6% followed by tongue and lip involvement. Morbilliform eruption was the most common diagnosis followed by acute urticaria, herpes simplex, leukocytoclastic vasculitis and then by a variety of other skin manifestations. Conclusion: Skin manifestations in association with COVID-19 were highly variable with onset and duration which could be due to infection, drug reaction or immune mechanisms.
Mw: A Potential Non-Specific Vaccine as First Response to Future Viral Pandemics before SpecificVaccines are Available - Some Lessons from COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors:   State Epidemiologist, State Institute of Health & Family Welfare, Kasumpti, Shimla, Himachal Pradesh, India., Bharti Omesh
Published: April 2022

In absence of an effective drug or vaccine in the initial phase of COVID-19 pandemic, authors started searching the literature to repurpose existing drugs/vaccines. Mw vaccine, a heat-killed Mycobacterium W, is routinely used by clinicians to boost the immune response of leprosy patients in India as an innate immune response immunomodulator. After detailed deliberations, on September 2020, the corresponding author submitted an emergency protocol to use Mw as a booster of Innate Immunity of doctors and HCWs looking after COVID-19 Positive patients in Himachal Pradesh, India. Later Mw was arranged and 21 persons were immunised with two site intradermal 0.1 mL doses of Mw vaccine in September 2020. Later two booster doses were given one each (0.1 mL) at 3 months’ interval. Regular RT-PCR was done and two persons who received vaccine were found to be positive for COVID-19. One person with diabetic status was found to have symptoms of sore throat, fatigue and high fever that responded in home isolation, without oxygen requirement and the other person was positive but asymptomatic. Subsequent studies proved that the prophylactic effect of Mw manifests quickly following the first administration of Mw, widening of the gap between two arms over time, reflecting ongoing immune remodelling. With the current COVID-19 vaccination schedule across the world and the emergence of breakthrough infection, Mw should be useful in the current pandemic too and must be tried. In future viral pandemic, we should think of using Mw as the first response non-specific vaccine till a specific vaccine is available, as Mw does not require antigen-specific changes and can be used immediately as universal vaccine. Mw stimulates innate response against viral mutation and variants as well.
The Effect of Self-esteem and Empathic Tendency on the Violence Tendency in Adolescents: A Multivariable Analysis
Authors:   Associate Professor, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Public Health, Yozgat Bozok University, Yozgat, Turkey., Kilic Mahmut
Published: April 2022

Introduction: Personal, familial, and environmental factors affect the tendency to violence in people. This study was carried out to determine the effects of socio-demographic characteristics, empathic tendencies, and self-esteem in adolescents on the levels of their tendency towards violence. Method: This research is a retrospective record review. In the research, data were obtained from student information forms in high school students’ records (n = 982), Violence Tendency Scale (VTS), Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale (RSES), and Empathic Tendency Scale (ETS). The data were analysed by multivariable Binary Logistic Regression (BLR) and Linear Regression (LR). Results: Among the adolescents, 48.2% were male, and 38.8% stated that they used social media for 2 hours or more per day. The mean scores of adolescents obtained from the VTS, ETS, and RSES was 34.8, 66.2, and 2.2, respectively, and 25.6% were prone to violence. The factors affecting violence tendency were, in order of importance, low empathic tendency, being male, long social media usage time, low perception of success by the family, father’s profession, and not getting prepared for university entrance exams, which were found to be statistically significant. The correlation between self-esteem and violence tendency was not found to be significant in LR and BLR analyses (p > 0.05). Conclusions: One-quarter of adolescents were prone to violence. The empathic tendency, gender, social media use, and familial characteristics were found to influence their tendency towards violence.
Nicotine and Inflammatory Disease in Humans: A Systematic Review
Authors: Price Leonie , Thompson Keith , Martinez Javier
Published: April 2022

Introduction

Previous studies have shown that nicotine interacts in inflammatory pathways and may have both pro- and anti-inflammatory actions. The aim of this study was to carry out a systematic review of publications investigating the inflammatory effects of nicotine in models of human disease.

Methods

The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) checklists were followed during the design and implementation of this study. Searches were carried out across PubMed, Science Direct, and the Cochrane Library. Articles were included if they were published in English, in peer-reviewed journals, reported an effect of nicotine in the treatment of a clinical condition, experimental studies or clinical trials which investigated an effect of nicotine administration in patients with a clinical condition or epidemiological studies which investigated an effect of nicotine administration in patients with a clinical condition.

Results

Thirty-eight studies were identified and categorized into disease areas before systematic review. Nineteen studies were related to digestive diseases (primarily Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis), six to atherosclerosis, five to skin and healing, four to pain and infection, three to pulmonary sarcoidosis, and three to multiple sclerosis (one study reported data on three disease areas). Risk of bias assessment was not carried out, but the general quality of the studies was low, mostly offering preliminary data in small numbers of participants. No consistent effects of nicotine treatment (primarily through use of transdermal nicotine patches or nicotine chewing gums) were reported across any of the disease models.

Conclusion

No reliable evidence of a pro- or anti-inflammatory effect of nicotine was observed in patients with any of the diseases included in this study.
Toxicity of Tioxazafen to Meloidogyne incognita and Rotylenchulus reniformis
Authors: Faske Travis R. , Brown Katherine , Kelly Jesse
Published: April 2022

Tioxazafen is a seed-applied nematicide used in row crops. Currently, there are no data on nematode toxicity, nematode recovery, or effects of low concentrations of tioxazafen on nematode infection of a host root for Meloidogyne incognita or Rotylenchulus reniformis. Nematode toxicity and recovery experiments were conducted in water solutions of tioxazafen, while root infection assays were conducted on tomato. Nematode paralysis was observed after 24 hr of exposure at 27.0 µg/ml tioxazafen for both the nematode species. Based on an assay of nematode motility, 24-hr EC50 values of 57.69 µg/ml and 59.64 µg/ml tioxazafen were calculated for M. incognita and R. reniformis, respectively. Tioxazafen rates of 2.7 µg/ml and 27.0 µg/ml reduced the nematode hatch after 3 d of exposure for both the nematode species. There was no recovery in nematode motility after the 24-hr exposure of M. incognita and R. reniformis to their corresponding 48-hr EC50 values of 47.15 µg/ml and 47.25 µg/ml tioxazafen, respectively. Mortality of M. incognita continued to increase after 24 hr exposure, whereas R. reniformis mortality remain unchanged after nematodes were rinsed and removed for 48 hr from the tioxazafen solution. A 24-hr exposure to low concentrations of 0.38 to 47.15 µg/ml for M. incognita and 47.25 µg/ml for R. reniformis reduced the infectivity of each nematode species on tomato roots. The toxicity of tioxazafen was similar between nematode species; however, a greater rate of tioxazafen was needed to suppress R. reniformis infection of tomato than for M. incognita.
Perbedaan gender dan kepribadian dalam estimasi diri mengenai inteligensi
Authors: Akhtar Hanif , Silfiasari Silfiasari
Published: April 2022

Estimasi diri mengenai inteligensi (self-estimated intelligence) merupakan topik penelitian yang masih sedikit diminati oleh peneliti Indonesia. Padahal, estimasi diri mengenai inteligensi ini penting karena menggambarkan proses metakognitif individu dan berperan dalam kesuksesan akademik dan karier. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengetahui estimasi diri mengenai inteligensi ditinjau dari gender dan kepribadian lima faktor (big five). Penelitian dilaksanakan dengan metode survei kuantitatif terhadap 265 mahasiswa (Musia = 19.40; SD = .98). Instrumen yang digunakan adalah Skala Estimasi Diri mengenai Inteligensi dan IPIP-BFM-25 untuk mengukur kepribadian big five. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa laki-laki memiliki estimasi diri mengenai inteligensi yang lebih tinggi dibandingkan perempuan. Analisis regresi berganda menunjukkan bahwa peningkatan skor terhadap tiga prediktor, yaitu agreeableness (keramahan), conscientiousness (kehati-hatian), dan intellect (intelek) memprediksi peningkatan estimasi diri mengenai inteligensi. Conscientiousness merupakan prediktor yang memiliki pengaruh paling kuat, disusul oleh agreeableness dan intellect.
UPAYA MENGURANGI NOMOPHOBIA MELALUI KONSELING KELOMPOK DENGAN PENDEKATAN RATIONAL EMOTIF BEHAVIOUR THERAPY (REBT) TEKNIK SELF MANAGEMENT
Authors: Dewi Sartika  , Dody Hartanto  , Mufied Fauziah  , Kuswindarti
Published: April 2022

Penelitian ini meneliti tentang upaya mengurangi nomophobia melalui konseling kelompok dengan pendekatan rational emotif behaviour therapy (REBT) teknik self management. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian tindakan bimbingan konseling. Metode pengumpulan data menggunakan observasi, wawancara, dan angket. Teknik analisis data menggunakan analisis deskriptif persentase. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa tingkat nomophobia siswa mengalami penurunan setelah layanan konseling kelompok dengan pendekatan rational emotif behaviour therapy (REBT) teknik self management. Untuk mengurangi nomophobia siswa guru BK akan melaksanakan tindak lanjut mengenai konseling kelompok pendekatan rational emotif behaviour therapy (REBT) teknik self management, terutama pada aspek tidak dapat informasi karena pada aspek tersebut mengalami penurunan paling sedikit dibandingkan aspek yang lain. Bagi peneliti lain apabila menggunakan variabel nomophobia lebih difokuskan pada aspek tidak dapat informasi karena aspek tersebut mengalami penuruna yang paling sedikit. Hal tersebut karena banyak siswa yang menganggap bahwa informasi merupakan hal yang sangat penting dan merupakan kebutuhan pokok sehari-hari.
ACTIVITIES OF INTERNATIONAL ORGANIZATIONS IN THE DEVELOPMENT AND IMPLEMENTATION OF UNIVERSAL BIOETHICAL PRINCIPLES IN HEALTH
Authors: Jafarova Lala
Published: April 2022

Bioethical principles are considered in the prism of the UNESCO Universal Declaration on Bioethics and Human rights in the paper. Analyzing the modern activities of global organizations, the author comes to the conclusion about the internationalization of principles as a tool in shaping the activities of international structures such as UNESCO, the EU, etc. Considering the similarities and differences in profile structures, the author comes to the conclusion about the significance of the universal bioethical principles of UNESCO from the point of view of unification of health care systems around the world.
THE DOCTRINE OF PATIENT’S INFORMED CONSENT IN THE LEGISLATION AND JURISPRUDENCE OF CZECH REPUBLIC, AUSTRIA AND THE LATVIAN REPUBLIC
Authors: Tatjana Ivanivna Urkevich , Lytvynenko Anatoliy Anatoliyovych
Published: April 2022

The article represents the history, emergence and the contemporary state of development of the legal doctrine of the patient’s informed consent to medical interventions in Czech Republic, Austria and the Latvian Republic. The authors focus on the vaults of the doctrine of the doctor’s obligation to abstain from conducting any medical interventions without the consent, or against the will of the patient, since the expression of the patient’s will is the central element of his right to self-determination. In order to discover the main features of informed consent in the civil law perspective, the authors discuss the historical and current legal developments of the legal institute of patient’s informed consent. The authors conclude that the formation of the institute owes to the right to body integrity and limitation of the exercise of medical profession by practitioners, and that the civil law doctrine of informed consent differs from Anglo-American tort law, relying on statutory-based civil liability for negligence, as well as minor penal liability for battery, an occasional interpretation of unauthorized medical intervention. The authors emphasize, that the existing bodies of Austrian, Czech and Latvian case law relating to informed consent, which span for over a century, are sufficient to become a branch of Continental medical malpractice case law alongside with aged and well-developed French or Belgian medical jurisprudence, whereas the Latvian medical jurisprudence, despite having a rich history of emergence since the 1920s, has developed a solid body of case law in regard with patient’s rights relatively recently.
Maturidade fisiológica de sementes de Angico Vermelho em função do padrão de desenvolvimento de frutos
Authors: Martins Gleica Maria Correia , Neves Jhonatan David Santos das , Santos Gilcilene Martins , Souza Neto Pregentino Severino de , Albuquerque Kênia Almeida Diniz , Silva Ricardo Barros
Published: April 2022

Esse estudo objetivou analisar a maturidade fisiológica de sementes de Angico Vermelho (Anadenanthera colubrina Vell.) em função do desenvolvimento de frutos, a fim de determinar o momento ideal a ser realizada a coleta dos frutos. Os frutos utilizados no estudo foram coletados em árvores nos municípios de Jacaré dos Homes e Monteirópolis, no Sertão de Alagoas. Adotou-se o delineamento estatístico inteiramente casualizado, com quatro repetições contendo 50 sementes cada.  Os frutos foram classificados em cinco estádios (tratamentos) de acordo com a coloração da vagem: estádio 1 (esverdeado), estádio 2 (verde/amarelo), estádio 3 (verde/vermelho), o estádio 4 (vermelho/vinho) e o estádio 5 (marrom escuro). Foram avaliadas as variáveis: largura (cm), espessura (mm), comprimento (cm) e matéria seca (g) de 100 sementes em cada estádio de maturação, e teor de umidade de sementes (%). Através de teste de germinação se verificou o índice de velocidade de germinação, porcentagem de germinação, percentual de sementes mortas e o tempo médio de germinação. Os dados foram submetidos à análise de variância e as variáveis significativas pelo teste F tiveram suas médias comparadas pelo teste de Tukey (p<0,05). De maneira geral, frutos de angico devem ser coletados quando no estádio 5 de maturidade, pois nesse estádio as sementes atingem a maturidade fisiológica e estão aptas a germinarem.
Convolutional neural networks for solving fire detection problems based on aerial photography
Authors: Калиев Данияр Исатаевич , Швец Ольга Яковлевна
Published: April 2022

В работе представлены результаты применения новой структуры свёрточных нейронных сетей (СНС) для обнаружения пожаров на основе аэрофотоснимков. Сформирован обучающий набор данных на основе видеозаписей пожаров, снятых с воздуха в различных условиях. Показано, что предлагаемая свёрточная нейронная сеть достаточно хорошо работает в области обнаружения пожара. Представлены результаты экспериментов на реальных видеопоследовательностях. Предложенный подход обеспечивает высокую точность(precision) 94,78%, полноту(recall) 92,97%, F1-меру 95,42% и хорошие показатели IoU (Intersection over Union), что позволяет сделать вывод об эффективности использования предлагаемой СНС для обнаружения пожаров.
Efectos del alcohol sobre el metabolismo a través de la acetil-Coenzima A sintetasa: revisión sistemática y metanálisis
Authors: Souza-Silva Gabriel , Felipe Marcos Paulo , Da Silva Pollyanna Vieira Gomes , Ribeiro Andrea Frozino
Published: April 2022

Objective: To evaluate the effects of alcohol on the metabolism of the acetyl-Coenzyme A synthetase pathway. Methods: For this meta-analysis, articles published up to December 2019 were searched and the levels of phosphorylated adenosine, acetate, acetyl-CoA, acetoacetate and acetyl-CoA activity were evaluated. The standardized mean difference and the weighted mean from the meta-analysis were compared using the random model. Results: Alcohol promoted an increase in the levels of adenosine triphosphate, adenosine diphosphate, adenosine monophosphate and inorganic phosphate (odds ratio [OR] = 1.16; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.42, 2 .10; p = 0.003). In addition, the levels of acetate, acetoacetate and acetyl-CoA increased due to alcohol (OR = 2.05; 95% CI, 1.07, 3.04; p < 0.0001), however, with high heterogeneity (I² = 77%). Acetyl-CoA synthetase (ACSS2) activity increased after alcohol administration (OR = 2.07; 95% CI, 0.16, 3.97; p = 0.03), with high heterogeneity (I² = 88%). Final considerations: Alcohol has a supplementary effect on this metabolic pathway, but in a restricted way. Furthermore, ACSS2 activity increased after exposure to alcohol. However, these effects of alcohol were time dependent.
Protobiotic network reproducers are compositional attractors: enhanced probability for life’s origin
Authors: Kahana Amit , Segev Lior , Lancet Doron
Published: April 2022

The origin of life must have involved an unlikely transition from chaotic chemistry to reproducing supramolecular structures. Previous quantitative analyses of reproducing mutually catalytic networks made of simple molecules have led to increasing popularity of this pre-RNA scenario for life’s origin. Here, we investigate in detail the reproduction characteristic of the GARD computer-simulated physicochemically rigorous lipid-based model. This model displays compatibility with heterogeneous environments, addresses the network’s spatial demarcation, and portrays trans-generational compositional information transfer. However, we find that compositionally reproducing states are extremely rare, suggesting that random roaming would be a vastly inefficient path towards reproduction. Rewardingly, further scrutiny shows that all self-reproducing states are also dynamic attractors of the catalytic network. This suggests a greatly enhanced propensity for the spontaneous emergence of reproduction and primal evolution, vastly augmenting the likelihood of protolife appearance.
Preparation and Evaluation of Antihypercholesterolemic Activity of Atorvastatin Calcium-Maleic Acid Co-Amorphous Solids
Authors: Wicaksono Yudi , Al Amaliyah Shofiatul Izzah , Rahmayanti Finas , Rosidi Viddy Agustian , Winarti Lina , Setyawan Dwi
Published: April 2022

Atorvastatin calcium is a statin drug used for antihypercholesterolemic. The oral bioavailability of atorvastatin calcium is relatively low because it is poorly soluble in water. The low oral bioavailability of the drug causes a decrease in its therapeutic effectiveness. This study aimed to increase the solubility of atorvastatin calcium through the formation of co-amorphous solids and evaluate its activity as antihypercholesterolemic. Atorvastatin calcium was prepared into co-amorphous solids with a maleic acid coformer using the spray drying method. Solids characterization was carried out using Powder X-Ray Diffraction (PXRD), Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC), Fourier Transforms Infra Red (FTIR), and Scanning Electronic Microscopy (SEM). The solubility test was carried out using the shaking method, while the evaluation of antihypercholesterolemic was carried out in vivo in experimental animals. The results of the analysis of diffractograms, thermograms, FTIR spectra, and micrograph images showed that the atorvastatin calcium-maleic acid solids prepared by spray drying were a co-amorphous solid. The atorvastatin calcium-maleic acid co-amorphous solids had a greater solubility in water (p<0.05) when compared to pure atorvastatin calcium. However, the in vivo antihypercholesterolemic activity results in experimental animals showed that the cholesterol-lowering activity of the atorvastatin calcium-maleic acid co-amorphous solidswas not significantly different (p>0.05) with pure atorvastatin calcium. This phenomenon is thought to be because atorvastatin calcium from co-amorphous solids in solution is more present as a charged fraction, affecting the permeability and absorption process.
الأمن المجتمعي
Authors: Kazem Aboudouh Khaled
Published: April 2022

Societal security: is to protect society from all threats that affect identity, common core values, religion, language, culture and customs.
Comparative Study of Material Removal Rate of Single-Spark And Multi-Spark Micro-EDM of Copper
Authors: Ali Mohammad Yeakub , Abdul Md Mazid , Sabur Abdus , Rahman Mohamed
Published: April 2022

Micro-electro discharge machining (micro-EDM), a noncontact material removal process, is a well-established technique for making mold cavity on any workpiece materials having a minimal electrical conductivity of 0.1 Scm-1. The spark between tool electrode (-ve) and workpiece electrode (+ve) removes materials mostly from workpiece. Knowing the time and amount of material removed in a single spark, MRR can be estimated. A number of analytical study have been reported for the estimation of MRR based on the ideal situation single-spark erosion. In case of multi-spark micro-EDM, charging and discharging do not always follow the ideal conditions of the circuit and a lot of unwanted pulses such as arching and short circuit are produced which in turn reduce the effective number of pulses per second. Moreover, in RC pulse micro-EDM, the discharges are not uniform and the current and voltage are not constant with time. As a consequence, the performances estimated based on single-spark erosion formula could be misleading in multi-spark cases. This paper presents an analytical estimation of MRR as a function of machining parameters capacitance and voltage for single spark which is then compared with the multi-spark erosion of RC pulse micro-EDM. The single spark erosion rate is estimated using the electro-thermal theories in which charging and discharging duration are derived from the RC pulse time constant and the number of sparks per unit time is counted from the single spark duration. The expression of single spark erosion volume is estimated using heat transfer equations. It is also difficult to conduct single-spark EDM experiment and it has very little practical implications. Experiments are conducted to investigate the multi-spark erosion rate. It is shown that, theoretically, the number of sparks depends on the capacitance and resistance of the circuit. However, in multi-spark erosion, it is found that the number of effective sparks depend not only the capacitance and voltages but also the conditions of micro-EDM such as the workpiece and tool materials, flushing conditions, depth of cut. It is shown that the multi-spark MRR is almost half of the calculated value which is found using the equation of single spark MRR in micro-EDM of copper. Therefore, the single spark erosion formula needs to be adjusted for each of the workpiece to incorporate with the multi-spark erosion in real conditions.
Ana dili eğitimi ve yabancı dil olarak Türkçe öğretiminde çok kültürlülük
Authors: KARA ÖZKAN Neşe
Published: April 2022

Her toplumun kendi geçmişinden gelerek varlığını sürdüren, mevcut yaşantısıyla ve kendi dinamikleriyle birlikte bazı değişiklikler yaratan bir kültürü vardır. Bu kültürü oluşturan her değer ait olduğu toplum için kıymetlidir. Çok kültürlülüğü esas alan anlayışta farklı kültürlere bir değer gözüyle bakılır ve ona göre saygı gösterilir. Çünkü her kültür özgündür ve bu niteliğiyle değerlidir. Dolayısıyla bir kültürün diğerinden üstün ya da daha değerli olması gibi bir durum söz konusu değildir. Ana dil eğitiminde yazılı ve sözlü dil araçları ile yerel kültürün nesiller arası aktarımı gerçekleştiği gibi evrensel kültür ögeleri de dil ile öğretilir. Yabancı dil öğretiminde de hem hedef kültür hem de çok kültürlülük unsurları dil ile tanıtılır. Bu araştırma ile Türkiye’nin çok kültürlü yapısından kaynaklı olarak gerek örgün eğitimde Türkçe derslerinde gerekse özellikle yetişkinlerin tercih ettiği Türkçe Öğretim Merkezlerinde yabancı dil olarak Türkçenin öğretiminde çok kültürlü eğitim anlayışına niçin ihtiyaç duyulduğunu ortaya koymak ve Türkçe öğretmen adaylarının eğitiminde çok kültürlülüğe ne kadar yer verildiğini tespit ederek konuyla ilgili çözüm önerileri geliştirmek amaçlanmıştır. Bu çalışma nitel araştırma yöntemlerinden doküman analizi tekniğinin kullanıldığı betimsel bir araştırmadır. Ana dili eğitiminin ve Türkçe öğretim merkezlerinde çok kültürlü eğitim ortamlarının bulunması nedeniyle yabancı dil olarak Türkçe öğretiminin çok kültürlülük açısından değerlendirildiği araştırma sonunda bazı öneriler geliştirilmiştir.
Maupassant’ın Bayan Hermet hikâyesi ile Halit Ziya’nın Deliler Evinde hikâyesinin karşılaştırmalı incelemesi
Authors: KILIÇARSLAN Veli
Published: April 2022

Hikâye türünün gelişmesinde önemli katkıları bulunan Guy de Maupassant’ın eserlerinde kendi hayatının yansımaları görülür. Akıl sağlığını genetik yapısına da bağlı olarak zamanla kaybetmeye başlayan Maupassant’ın yazdıklarının birer deli saçması görülmesi de ironiktir. Onun eserlerinde “deli (fou)” kelimesinin sıklıkla geçmesi tesadüf değildir. Akıl hastalıklarına ve hastalara karşı ilgi duymuş olan Maupassant, bir akıl hastanesinde hem dersler alır hem de delileri gözlemler. Bu gözlemler neticesinde hikâyeler kaleme alır. Bayan Hermet hikâyesi bunlardan biridir. “Deliler beni çeker.” cümlesi ile başlayan hikâye, deliliğe dair bilgiler de içerir. Türk hikâyeciliğinin modernleşmesi noktasında önemli bir isim olan Halit Ziya Uşaklıgil’in Samipaşazade Sezai’nin hikâyelerinden etkilendikten sonra yöneldiği yol, onu Maupassant’ın olay hikâyesi olarak bilinen hikâye anlayışına kadar götürür. Halit Ziya, tıpkı Maupassant gibi kendi hayatından esinlenmesinin yanı sıra çevresinde olup biteni gözlemleyerek hikâye konularını belirler. Ayrıca okuduğu başka yazarlardan da etkilendiği görülebilir. Bu doğrultuda onun eserlerinde metinlerarası ilişkiler aranabilir. Halit Ziya’nın hikâye kaynakları arasında bahsi geçen unsurların yanında Maupassant’dan okudukları ve ondan gelen etkiler olduğu söylenebilir. Zaman zaman konu ve karakter benzerliğine kadar varan bu etkiler, Halit Ziya’nın “Deliler Evinde” adlı hikâyesinde somutlaşır. Her iki hikâye arasında başta deliliğe dair olmalarından dolayı doğan benzerlik karakterlere verilen isimler ile pekiştirilir. Bu çalışmada iki hikâyecinin edebî anlayışlarının ortaklıklarından ve söz konusu hikâyeleri arasındaki benzerliklerin karşılaştırılmasına yer verilmiştir. Böylece Halit Ziya’nın üzerindeki Maupassant etkisi kanıtlarıyla birlikte gösterilmiş olacaktır.
Dinî bir eser olarak Birgivî Risâlesi’nde sosyal hayat unsurları
Authors: KINAY CİVELEK Nilay
Published: April 2022

Klasik Türk edebiyatı bir gelenek içinde var olmuş ve süregelmiştir. Bu edebiyatın yabancı geleneklerden beslendiği söylenir. Fakat klasik Türk edebiyatı ürünleri var olduğu toplumun bir parçası olarak yaşadığını göstermiştir. Her şair ve yazarda aynı derecede bulunmayan bu izler kimi sanatçılarda daha yoğun; kimilerinde ise çok yüzeysel şekilde kendini göstermiştir. Dinî hususlar hakkında yazan şairler, yaygın inanışa göre günlük yaşayış ve toplum izlerini eserlerinde çok fazla göstermezler. Fakat âlim bir mutasavvıf olan Birgivî’nin eserinde kültürel hayatın izlerini görmek mümkündür. Aslen Balıkesirli olan fakat Birgi’de medfun Muhammed b. Pir Ali el-Birgivî (929/1523), Arapça ve Türkçe olarak yazdığı çok sayıda eserleri ile velûd bir yazardır. Müderris bir mutasavvıf olan Birgivî aynı zamanda çok sayıda kitap yazmıştır. Yazarlık görevinin yanında müderris bir mutasavvıftır. Eserini yazdığı dönemdeki batıl inançlara, yanlışlıklara, usulsüzlüklere karşı çıkıp insanlara doğruyu göstermek için yazdığı Türkçe eserlerinden biri, daha çok Vasiyyet-nâme olarak bilinen Risâle-i Birgivî’dir. İslam dini ile ilgili her türlü ahlak, itikad, inanış, yaşayış şekilleri ile bilgiler verdiği bu eserinde müellif; ulaşacağı insanların dinî, sosyal ve kültürel hayatında yol göstermeyi amaçlamıştır. Birgivî bu eserde, toplumdan örnekler vermiş, halkın geleneklerine, davranış biçimlerine ait unsurlar kullanmıştır. Dönemin yöneticileri hakkında da bilgiler bulunan bu Risâle’de Birgivî’nin yaşadığı zaman ve toplum yaşantısı hakkında bulgular ortaya konulmuştur. Bu çalışmada; İslam geleneği içerisinde yazılmış eserdeki hem geleneğin izleri hem de sosyal hayatın ilişkisi üzerinde durulmuştur. Birgivî’nin mensur olarak yazdığı metin ile bu mensur metnin Bahtî mahlaslı bir şair tarafından manzum hâle getirilmiş şekli birlikte değerlendirilmiştir. Eserdeki günlük yaşayışa dair özellikler tespit edilip verilmiştir.
Uygur Harfli Oğuz Kağan Destanı ve Reşideddin Oğuznamesi’nde eşya simgeciliği
Authors: OLCAY Şükrü
Published: April 2022

Bu çalışmada, Uygur Harfli Oğuz Kağan Destanı ve Reşideddin Oğuznamesi’ndeki bazı eşyaların, destan kahramanı ve onun devletinin gelişim evrelerinde özel anlam ve işlevlere sahip oldukları savı ileri sürülmüştür. Sözü edilen iki metin, yorumsamacı bir yaklaşımla ele alınmıştır. Eşyaların metnin bağlamında kazandıkları anlamlar ve temsil ettikleri gelişim evreleri bu yöntemle incelenmiştir. Bu bakış açısıyla ele alınan destanda, genellikle metnin bağlamından yola çıkılmıştır. Ayrıca, incelenen destan metinlerinin ortaya çıkış ve yazıya geçiriliş koşulları da göz önünde bulundurulmuştur. Eşyaların simgesel dilini daha iyi anlayabilmek amacıyla bazı eşya isimlerinin etimolojisine de dikkat çekilmiştir. Bu makalede öncelikle çalışmanın genel çerçevesi çizilip inceleme yöntemleri ortaya konmuştur. Ardından yöntem olarak kullanılan yorumsamacılığın tarihi gelişimi hakkında bilgi verilmiştir. Son olarak Oğuz Kağan’ın ve onun toplumunun gelişim süreçlerine paralel olarak değişen ve gelişen eşyalar, -öz bilinç kazanma ve erginleşme, toplumsallaşma, teknolojik gelişme ve kültürel yaratım evrelerinde- incelenmiştir. Sonuç olarak, destan kahramanıyla eşya arasında organik bir bağın bulunduğu saptanmıştır. Söz konusu iki metinde bazı eşyaların Oğuz Kağan’ın/Han’ın ve onun devletinin gelişim evrelerini simgelediği belirlenmiştir. Oğuz Kağan/Han’ın erginlenme ve öz bilincini kazanma evresini ok, yay, kılıç, kalkan ve kargı; toplumsallaşma ve devlet kurma evresini otağ/kurıkan(çadır), bayrak (duğ), hilat ve altın kürsü simgelemiştir. Devletin teknolojik gelişme evresini tekerlek, araba, gemi ve sal; kültür yaratma evresini altın yay, üç gümüş ok; kırk kulaçlık direkler, altın ve gümüş tavuklar ile ak ve kara koyunlar simgelemiştir. Oğuz Kağan/Han ve onun devleti gelişip olgunlaştıkça eşyaların buna paralel olarak basitten karmaşığa, somuttan soyuta bir gelişim gösterdiği saptanmıştır.
Incidencia del agua de criaderos de tilapia en el riego del cultivo de maíz (Zea mayz, L.) en El Triunfo, Guayas
Authors: Correa Castro Gabriel Iván , Fajardo Espinoza Paola Gabriela , Flores Cadena Cristian Andrés , Navarrete Cornejo Alexandra Aracely
Published: April 2022

El maíz en el Ecuador es una de las especies que se cultivan a nivel nacional (costa, sierra, oriente y galápagos), por lo que es considerado uno de los productos agrícola más importantes, de ahí que la investigación se planteó determinar la influencia de cuatro niveles con agua residual de criadero de tilapia  en el crecimiento y desarrollo del maíz (Zea mayz, L.) en el Cantón El Triunfo, Guayas, además de establecer la influencia de los tratamientos  de agua residual de criadero de tilapia  en el desarrollo  y productividad del maíz y por ultimo obtener los costos de producción por hectárea en base a la relación beneficio – costo, la investigación fue de tipo Experimental, porque se evaluó diferentes fechas de recambio del agua de criaderos de  tilapia aplicadas  en cultivo de maíz, la metodología utilizada fue de análisis y síntesis así como inductiva  y deductiva el diseño utilizado de bloques completamente al azar con 4 tratamientos y 5 repeticiones  las comparaciones de medias de los tratamientos en estudio se los realizaron mediante la prueba de rangos múltiples de Tukey al 5% de probabilidad, entre las variables analizadas altura de planta, Diámetro y Longitud de la mazorca, número de granos por mazorca, peso de 100 granos, peso de la tusa y análisis de agua y del suelo donde se cultivó el maíz la variable número de granos observándose que el tratamiento dos con agua de criadero de tilapia a los 40 días con 478,88 granos en mazorca, en relación al testigo con 451,58 granos.
Efecto de tres insecticidas orgánicos en el control del pulgón verde (Myzus persicae); trips (Frankliniella occidentalis) en el cultivo de pimiento
Authors: Centanaro Quiroz Paulo Humberto , Inga Campoverde Jefferson Andrés , Carrasco Schuldt Ángel Santiago , Peña Haro César Antonio
Published: April 2022

La presente investigación tuvo como finalidad evaluar el efecto de tres insecticidas en el control de pulgón verde (Myzus persicae); trips (Frankliniella occidentalis) en el cultivo de pimiento, el estudio tuvo una duración de cuatro meses; sus objetivos fueron: Determinar el mejor insecticida orgánico en el control de los insectos plagas (pulgón y trips) en el cultivo de pimiento (Capsicum annuum). Establecer la dosis efectiva en el control de los insectos plagas en el cultivo de pimiento (Capsicum annuum); analizar económicamente los tratamientos mediante la relación beneficio/costo; en este ensayo se manejó el diseño de bloque completo al azar con cuatro tratamientos y cinco repeticiones. Para la validación de la medias se aplicó la prueba de Tukey al 5% de probabilidad estadística, las variables evaluadas fueron: índice de daños por hojas, el Phytosect controló obteniendo los menores promedios de daño 4%, 3,2% y 20% a los 20, 40 y 60 días respectivamente; número de hojas y frutos dañados por insectos, el Phytosect y el Neem tuvieron menor daño. Los otros son: eficacia 91,49% y rendimiento 56957.50kg/ ha, fueron los promedios más altos correspondientes al tratamiento dos (Phytosect); se puede concluir que sí existen insecticidas biológicos y orgánicos que ayudan a controlar las plagas en pimiento minimizando la aplicación de insecticidas químicos los cuales afectan al consumidor y al medio ambiente, se recomienda usar dosis de Phytosect 1000gr/ha en la etapa de floración y fructificación.
Demographic and Clinical Characteristics in postpartum women with postpartum hemorrhage at Hospital José Félix Valdiviezo
Authors: Lazo-Sacta Olga Patricia , Mesa-Cano Isabel Cristina , Ramírez-Coronel Andrés Alexis , Jaimes-Carmona Yosimar del Carmen
Published: April 2022

Postpartum hemorrhage is one of the main causes of maternal mortality. The aim of this study was to describe the demographic and clinical characteristics of postpartum women with postpartum hemorrhage in the first 24 hours in a second level hospital at the José Félix Valdivieso Hospital in Santa Isabel, Azuay, Ecuador; a descriptive, retrospective, cross-sectional, retrospective study was conducted with a sample of 105 medical records of gynecological patients attended at the José Félix Valdivieso hospital in Santa Isabel canton In the period between 2016-2020; the results obtained showed that the prevalence is in women between 20 to 30 years of age 49.35% , in free union 49.35 %, housewives 48.3%, of secondary education 80.85%, residing in urban area 48.57%. The main comorbidity is uterine atony 48.57%. In conclusion, it could be demonstrated that postpartum hemorrhage is one of the main problems in this health center, its main cause being uterine atony, and it occurs in the middle age of the patients and it is recommended to carry out prevention and promotion programs for all health professionals and to apply prevention protocols.
Misleading Memory
Authors: Skorobohach Nancy
Published: April 2022

This paper explores the way that the Holodomor – the famine-genocide that took place from 1932-1933 in Soviet Ukraine under Stalin’s rule – is remembered in contemporary contexts. It analyzes how the opposing systems of capitalism and socialism are portrayed through this memory to answer the question: how has the dominant memory of the Holodomor been used to invalidate or vilify the idea of socialism? The paper draws on the empirical example of University of Alberta lecturer Dougal MacDonald’s denial of the Holodomor in November 2019, specifically through a discussion of the reactions to this statement. It discusses the concept of historical denialism and draws on the comments of Alberta Premier Jason Kenney in response to MacDonald, arguing that his comments grouped all communists and socialists with Holodomor deniers. Finally, the paper draws on how the memory of the Holodomor is used in international relations, concluding that it has become a ‘living’ history and a constant reminder of the supposed dangers of communism in any form as the villain is no longer Stalin’s regime, but the entire ideology.
Canadian Constitution Needs to Be Amended for Canada to Fully Embrace Multiculturalism
Authors: Kim Tina
Published: April 2022

Reform is needed in the Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms to remove Section 16 that recognizes French and English as the two official languages. This clause is problematic as bilingualism is not consistent with the goals of multiculturalism. I argue first that bilingualism violates Section 15, which guarantees formal and substantive equality, as it creates a cultural and linguistic hierarchy. Secondly, I argue how bilingualism violates Section 2, specifically the freedom to choose the language to express themselves. I counter-argue my position and state that even if Canada removes Section 16, it is not substantial to protect the fundamental rights of marginalized citizens living in Quebec as Quebec can utilize Section 33 to override the Court. I respond to this perspective and conclude that removing Section 16 remains necessary to equalize the judicial powers of provinces and for Canada to advance forward with Indigenous reconciliation.
“Partners in Prosperity”
Authors: Kutnikoff Carly
Published: April 2022

The Alberta Indigenous Opportunities Corporation, introduced by the Jason Kenney United Conservative Government, seeks to “enable access to capital, make financing more affordable and improve lending terms to create economic prosperity and social improvements in communities” (AIOC 2019). In other words, it provides Indigenous nations with loans to participate in resource development in Alberta. This neoliberalist approach suggests Indigenous wellbeing can be improved through induction into the free market. However, the principle of free market has historically dispossessed Indigenous peoples of their lands which urges me to question to what extent does the AIOC address colonial dispossession within the capitalist economy? I will be specifically analyzing the composition of the AIOC through Bill 14 and discuss the current day relevance of this legislation in the context of reconciliation.
The Quieted Queer
Authors: Kropp Kael , Swityk Rebecca
Published: April 2022

This essay seeks to explain the contemporary foundations for Russia’s heteronational identity, as well the prevalence of homophobia in Russian politics and society. Tracing the influence of Russian Christian Orthodoxy; the proliferation of social media and the internet, as well as; the agency political operatives possess, this essay posits that there is a path towards the inclusion of LGBTQ identities within a new Russian imagined community.
Understanding Conflicting Legal Traditions
Authors: Isaac Abigail
Published: April 2022

This paper examines the recent tensions in Wet’suwet’en territory as an extension of the ongoing conflict between Indigenous land defenders and state security actors over the construction of the Coastal GasLink pipeline in British Columbia. More specifically, it brings into view the ways in which Canadian law is weaponized against Indigenous communities in denying their inherent rights on unceded territory, and criminalizing resistance efforts. By using critical legal theory and principles of Indigenous legal tradition, it evaluates the history of Indigenous rights cases brought to Canada’s Supreme Court and differing regimes of consent. Further, this paper suggests alternative legal frameworks that could be used to legitimate Indigenous land reclamation rights in Canada to ensure land restitution. I argue that the settler-state imposition of energy infrastructure on unceded land is not only a violation of Indigenous sovereignty and inherent rights, but also, a testament to the incompatibility of state priorities and Indigenous communities’ right to land and life.
A STUDY ON CORRUPTION AND ECONOMIC GROWTH IN TURKEY: 1995-2020 TIME SERIES ANALYSIS
Authors: KUTLUAY TUTAR Filiz , FIRAT Emine , BALKAYA Didem
Published: April 2022

Yolsuzluk; bulunulan konum nedeniyle sahip olunan yetkinin doğrudan ya da dolaylı yoldan maddi veya manevi kazanç sağlamak amacıyla kötüye kullanılmasını ifade eder. Günümüzde global sorunlar arasında yer alan yolsuzluk iktisatçıların
çalışma konularından biridir. Hem gelişmiş hem de az gelişmiş ülkelerde görülen yolsuzluklar; ekonomide yatırımları caydırdığı, ekonomik büyüme ve kalkınmayı olumsuz etkilediği, gelir dağılımını bozduğu, kaynak israfına yol açtığı
son olarak demokrasi ve ahlakı zedelediği gibi makroekonomik büyüklükleri olumsuz etkilemektedir. Çalışmanın temel amacı Türkiye’de yolsuzluğun, ekonomik büyümeye olan etkilerini analiz etmektir. Bu doğrultuda ilk olarak yolsuzluk
kavramı, nedenleri, nasıl ölçülebileceği hakkında genel bir değerlendirme yapılmıştır. Değişkenler arasındaki ilişkiyi tanımlamak için alternatif bir model üretilmiştir. Modelde ekonomik büyüme bağımlı değişken, yolsuzluk, enflasyon,
işsizlik ve nüfus artışı bağımsız değişken; internet erişimi ve hane halkı kredi kartı kullanımı ise kontrol değişkenler olarak belirlenmiştir. Daha sonra değişkenlerin durağanlık seviyeleri sınanmıştır. Uzun ve kısa dönem ilişkinin
varlığını test etmek için ise ARDL analizi gerçekleştirilmiştir. Elde edilen sonuçlara göre yolsuzluğun ekonomik büyümeyi negatif yönlü etkilediği görülmüştür.
Implementasi dan Efektifitas Program Keluarga Harapan (PKH) dalam Meningkatkan Kesejahteraan Ekonomi Masyarakat. Studi di Desa Kekait Kecamatan Gunungsari Kabupaten Lombok Barat.
Authors: Nur Aeda  , Riadul Jannah
Published: April 2022

Program Keluarga Harapan (PKH) adalah program pemberian bantuan sosial bersyarat kepada keluarga dan/atau seseorang miskin dan rentan yang terdaftar dalam data terpadu program penanganan fakir miskin, diolah oleh Pusat Data dan Informasi Kesejahteraan Sosial dan ditetapkan sebagai keluarga penerima manfaat PKH. PKH dilaksanakan dengan tujuan dapat meningkatkan taraf hidup Keluarga Penerima Manfaat (KPM), mengurangi beban pengeluaran dan meningkatkan pendapayan keluarga, adanya perubahan perilaku dan kemandirian KPM, mengurangi kemiskinan dan kesejangan, serta mengenalkan produk jasa keuangan formal pada KPM. Penelitian ini menggunakan metodologi penelitian kualitatif dengan metode pengumpulan datanya menggunakan observasi, wawancara dan dokumentasi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan bagaimana  efektivitas Program Keluarga Harapan (PKH)  dalam meningkatkan kesejahteraan ekonomi masyarakat di Desa Kekait Kecamatan Gunungsari  Kabupaten Lombok Barat. Sumber datanya meliputi data primer dan sekunder. Adapun teknik analisis datanya menggunakan analisis deskriptif dari data-data yang telah dikumpulkan oleh peneliti. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian yang dilakukan oleh peneliti maka dapat di simpulkan bahwa program keluarga harapan yang dilaksanakan di Desa Kekait dilihat dari variabel pengukuran efektivitas, yaitu ketepatan sasaran program, sosialisasi program, tujuan program dan pemantauan program berjalan dengan efektif. Dengan adanya PKH telah membawa beberapa perubahan kesejahteraan yang nyata kepada keluarga penerima manfaat PKH.