bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
PVT1 acts as a molecular scaffold to mediate PPARγ transcription and promote macrophage reprogramming in triple-negative breast cancer
Authors: Zhang Xioabin , Yang Jingru , Niu Junqiang , Hui Xu , Kong Weize , Ling Xioaling , Su Fei , Lu Yongbin
Published: November 2024

Objective
The long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) PVT1 plays a significant role in regulating the development and progression of various cancers. However, its clinical relevance in triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) and its immunoregulatory mechanisms in TNBC remain largely unexplored.
Methods
An orthotopic TNBC mouse model was established, and single-cell RNA sequencing was performed on tumor tissues to examine macrophage populations. Bulk RNA sequencing, differential expression analysis, and Weighted Gene Co-expression Network Analysis were integrated to identify key factors of interest. Experiments using the co-culture si-PVT1-transduced oe-PPARγ TNBC cells with macrophages were conducted to observe their effects on TNBC cell growth and on M1/M2 marker expression both in vivo and in vitro. Additionally, the interactions of PVT1, NOP56, and E2F1 and their influence on PPARγ transcription were analyzed using RNA/DNA immunoprecipitation, ChIP-qPCR, and luciferase reporter assays.
Results
Macrophage reprogramming occurred in the TNBC tissues of mice, characterized by a significant accumulation of M2-type macrophages in tumor tissues. Both PVT1 and PPARγ play pivotal roles in this reprogramming. PVT1 knockdown (KD) suppressed the expression of PPARγ and M2 macrophage markers, while oe-PPARγ partially restored M2 marker expression. In vitro, PVT1 enhances TNBC cell proliferation, invasion, and metastasis through PPARγ. Similarly, in vivo, PVT1 promotes TNBC tumor growth and M2 marker expression via PPARγ. Mechanistically, PVT1 functions as a scaffold to recruit NOP56 and E2F1, forming a PVT1–NOP56–E2F1 complex that facilitates the transcriptional upregulation of PPARγ.
Conclusion
LncRNA PVT1 significantly affects macrophage polarization and TNBC progression by regulating PPARγ transcription. These findings suggest novel molecular targets for TNBC therapy development.
Reaching to Visual Targets in the Virtual and Real-Worlds
Authors: Spitzley Kate A. , Hoffman Zachary A. , Perlman Samuel E. , Karduna Andrew R.
Published: November 2024

Virtual reality has rapidly gained popularity and accessibility in recent years, leading to its introduction in a range of settings including clinical assessment and training. However, evidence of altered neural processing and movement patterns in virtual reality call to question its suitability for certain purposes and highlight the importance of context-specific testing prior to deployment. Upper limb movements are nearly ubiquitous within virtual applications and are frequently prescribed in injury and neurorehabilitation settings, making them important targets for investigation. Therefore, this study examined differences in kinematics and kinetics of visually cued, upper limb reaching movements between real-world and virtual reality environments. Kinematics and kinetics were quantified using HTC VIVE trackers on the trunk and reaching limb and EMG sensors on the reaching limb. In virtual reality, movements were slower, took longer to initiate, were less smooth, and employed a more elbow-focused movement strategy than in real-world. These results stand with previous findings indicating differences in movement patterns between real and virtual settings.
Factors Influencing Decision-making for Institutional Delivery in Rural Nepal: A Qualitative Study
Authors: Acharya Shijan , Gautam Anju , Bharati Tulasa , Busza Joanna , Christofori-Khadka Monika
Published: November 2024

Maternal mortality is a critical global issue, with approximately 800 preventable deaths occurring daily in 2020, predominantly in low and lower middle-income countries. Nepal, recording 151 maternal deaths per 100,000 live births in 2021, faces significant challenges despite efforts to increase institutional deliveries. This study examines the decision-making processes surrounding childbirth, in the rural districts of Nepal, focusing on the roles of family and community members and factors influencing the decision-making choice for utilization of institutional delivery. Using purposive sampling technique, the study conducted thirty-four semi-structured interviews with women who had recently given birth, along with their husband and mothers-in-law. Additionally, nine key informant interviews with health workers and local authorities, and eight focus group discussions were held with women, men, health workers and local stakeholders. Thematic (Bottom-up) approach was employed to identify relevant themes and sub-themes initiated by codes and categories. The study found that decision-making about seeking care is dynamic and influenced by various factors throughout pregnancy and labour. While women are increasingly involved in decision-making during the pregnancy, the responsibility often shifts to family members, particularly husbands and mothers-in-law, once labour begins. Key factors influencing care-seeking decisions included fear of complications, previous obstetric experiences, perceived competence of healthcare providers, and role of community people. Despite birth preparedness plans, many women still failed to reach health facilities on time. The findings highlight the need to include husbands and family members in birth preparedness counselling and awareness programs to ensure timely care-seeking decisions. Emphasizing the urgency of timely care, building trust between healthcare providers and families, and improving service quality are crucial for promoting institutional deliveries.
Space oddity: Absence of prezygotic-premating barriers in Eurydema lundbladi and Eurydema ornata
Authors: Alamo Mario , Gil-Tapetado Diego
Published: November 2024

Understanding the effectiveness of premating prezygotic reproductive barriers in contact zones of closely related lineages is essential for assessing hybridization risks. This study documents the first overlap zone with interspecific copulations on La Palma Island, Canary Islands, between the Macaronesian endemic Eurydema lundbladi Lindberg, 1960 and the widespread Palearctic species Eurydema ornata (Linnaeus, 1758). We analyzed morphological differences in male genitalia, climatic niches, and altitudinal distributions of both species. Notably, the differences in male genital structures do not appear sufficient to cause copulatory incompatibility, nor do size variations act as limiting factors for mating. The ecological niches of both species, while distinct, converge in certain altitudinal zones, where climatic conditions–particularly winter temperatures–significantly influence their distribution. These weak and convergent premating prezygotic reproductive barriers underscore the conservation risks faced by E. lundbladi in light of the potential expansion and competition from E. ornata. Implications for insect conservation: The genetic integrity of E. lundbladi is threatened by the encroachment of E. ornata into previously unoccupied areas. Continued monitoring of contact zones and future studies are essential to evaluate the impact of these interactions on the conservation of this endemic species.
Study on Improvement of Service Load Balance in Soft Switching Server Group
Authors: Rim Ju Song , Ri Man Gun
Published: November 2024

The current telephone communication service mainly uses the call control signaling protocol like SIP and the multimedia dialogue based on SIP ensures high real-time characteristic. However, compared to traditional Web groups, database groups and file system groups, it must be improved in some aspects including system throughput, system response time and fault tolerance. This paper focuses on the load balancing technique which can be used in the SIP server group. First, some load balancing techniques being currently used in some SIP situations are analyzed and compared. Based on it, the paper proposes the novel load balancing method and compares its performance with the previous ones via the experiment which shows that the proposed method outperforms the previous ones with reference to the estimation of load over the service nodes.
Enhanced Novelty approaches for Resource Allocation Model for Multi-Cloud Environment in Vehicular Ad-Hoc Networks
Authors: S Nici Marx V , P SUNDARAVADIVEL , R Augustian Isaac , D Elangovan
Published: November 2024

As the number of service requests for applications continues increasing due to various conditions, the limitations on the number of resources provide a barrier in providing the applications with the appropriate Quality of Service (QoS) assurances. As a result, an efficient scheduling mechanism is required to determine the order of handling application requests, as well as the appropriate use of a broadcast media and data transfer. In this paper an innovative approach, incorporating the Crossover and Mutation (CM)-centered Marine Predator Algorithm (MPA) is introduced for an effective resource allocation. This strategic resource allocation optimally schedules resources within the Vehicular Edge computing (VEC) network, ensuring the most efficient utilization. The proposed method begins by the meticulous feature extraction from the Vehicular network model, with attributes such as mobility patterns, transmission medium, bandwidth, storage capacity, and packet delivery ratio. For further analysis the Elephant Herding Lion Optimizer (EHLO) algorithm is employed to pinpoint the most critical attributes. Subsequently the Modified Fuzzy C-Means (MFCM) algorithm is used for efficient vehicle clustering centred on selected attributes. These clustered vehicle characteristics are then transferred and stored within the cloud server infrastructure. The performance of the proposed methodology is evaluated using MATLAB software using simulation method. This study offers a comprehensive solution to the resource allocation challenge in Vehicular Cloud Networks, addresses the burgeoning demands of modern applications while ensuring QoS assurances and signifies a significant advancement in the field of VEC.
Quantum-inspired gravitational search algorithm-based low-price binary task offloading for multi-users in unmanned aerial vehicle-assisted edge computing systems
Authors: Ghosh Santanu , Kuila Pratyay , Bey Marlom , Azharuddin Md
Published: November 2024

Unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs)-assisted edge computing (EC) brings computing resources closer to smart mobile devices (SMDs). Users of SMDs with limited resources can experience the flavor of computation and data-intensive applications. Users conserve energy by offloading resource-intensive tasks to edge servers (ESs) or UAVs. While offloading may introduce communication delays, leveraging ample wireless bandwidth can mitigate this issue by facilitating faster data transmission rates. However, mobile service providers (MSPs), facilitating offloading infrastructure, impose charges on users for bandwidth usage. Efficient utilization of limited computation units (CUs) is crucial. This paper introduces a binary task offloading (BTO) model for multi-user in multi-UAV-assisted EC systems using a quantum-inspired gravitational search algorithm (QGSA). Quantum encoding and decoding of the agents are provided. The decoding phase uses a novel hashing. The fitness function considers energy, delay, price, and resource utilization. Two penalties are incorporated with the fitness to discard the decoded agent that violates the constraints of the BTO model. The proposed QGSA ensures polynomial time execution. The proposed work is extensively simulated in multiple scenarios and compared with existing approaches. It is observed that the QGSA outperformed other algorithms in terms of delay, energy, resource utilization, and price. Analyses of convergence and statistics are performed.
Enhancing Preservation of Ancient Buildings through Color Imagery Analysis and Activation: Take Yuelu Academy as an Example
Authors: Huang Qian , Liu Keyi , Gu Jianan , Yang Zhaozhe , He Yi , Zhao Yishen
Published: November 2024

The pivotal role of color imagery analysis and activation has been insufficiently explored in the realm of historic heritage conservation. This study addresses this issue by introducing a comprehensive methodological framework that encompasses acquisition, analysis, activation, and application of color information based on the NCD color system, an innovative color semantic quantification theory. Utilizing the venerable Yuelu Academy (from A.D. 976) as a case study, color imagery analysis methods across diverse spatial scales have been summarised. Subsequently, these results are applied to activate the surrounding environment color, as well as its cultural souvenirs. The methodologies outlined herein hold profound significance in addressing challenges concerning visual color continuity in the preservation of historic architectural landscapes, offering innovative perspectives.
Anais 6º Encontro de Revisão Sistemática e/ou Meta-Análise, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Odontologia da Faculdade de Odontologia de Araçatuba – UNESP, Edição 2023
Authors: Pellizzer Eduado Piza , Pesqueira Aldiéris Alves , Limírio João Pedro Justino de Oliveira
Published: November 2024

Caro(a) Leitor(a)
Em 23 de novembro de 2023, tivemos o prazer de realizar o 6° Encontro de Revisão Sistemática e Meta-análise do programa de Pós-Graduação em Odontologia, com a participação de 86 inscritos entre alunos de graduação, pós  graduação,  profissionais  e professores de diferentes instituições do Brasil. Destaque deve ser dado a participação dos alunos de Pós-Graduação da Faculdade de Odontologia de Araçatuba (FOA-UNESP), apresentando os trabalhos realizados na disciplina “Fundamentos da Revisão Sistemática”. As revisões sistemáticas com meta-análise, principalmente de estudos clínicos consagraram-se com grande importância na literatura científica e ao longo dos últimos anos observou-se um grande crescimento na publicação desse tipo de revisões. Recentemente, destaca-se com o intuito de mapear o que existe sobre determinados assuntos e que não são possíveis de se realizar uma revisão sistemática, surgem as revisões de escopo. Nesse sentido convidamos o Professor Cleidiel Aparecido Araújo Lemos da Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora – UFJF – Campus Governador Valadares para ministrar as palestras intitulada “Revisões de Escopo – Diferenças e etapas para a construção da síntese de evidência” e “Meta-análises no contexto da síntese de evidência” no período da manhã (8h às 12h) com participação ativa da plateia. No período da tarde houve a apresentação de painéis, onde estavam inscritos 54 trabalhos entre revisões sistemáticas, revisões sistemáticas com meta-análise e revisões de escopo. As revisões sistemáticas são consideradas a evidência científica mais forte, pois nos direcionam quanto a aplicabilidade clínica. Porém, destaca-se a relevância das revisões de escopo para sintetização/mapeamento de diversos assuntos que impossibilitam a execução de uma revisão sistemática, além do direcionamento para novas pesquisas. Nos encontraremos no próximo encontro de revisão sistemática em 2024, onde todos serão BEM VINDOS!
 Prof. Titular Eduardo Piza Pellizzer, Coordenador do 6º Encontro de Revisão Sistemática e/ou Meta-Análise, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Odontologia da Faculdade de Odontologia de Araçatuba – UNESP, Edição 2023
Assessing Error upon Sampling Bagged Animal Feed
Authors: Combs Jennifer C , Sikora Frank , Harrison Glen
Published: November 2024

The University of Kentucky Division of Regulatory Services explored the adequacy of the AOAC Official Method 965.16 for sampling bagged animal feed and assessed the acceptability of the sample error introduced through the sampling process.  Eight feedstuffs were selected to represent a variety of feed forms, and their inherent differences in component size, with the objective of estimating the acceptability of the error introduced in the sampling process for each analyte. The findings suggest that the AOAC Official Method 965.16 is suitable for use in the collection of samples for regulatory purposes, particularly concerning mineral and drug components. The study's analysis and methodology provide valuable insights into the adequacy of the sampling method for regulatory purposes.
Ensinamentos do Esporte para os Africanos: Uma Revisão Narrativa
Authors: Tchimgungule Domingos Cussumua Bilueth , Cruz Leonardo de Jesús Hernández , Teixeira Ladislau Jeremias Albino , Nunes Júnior Osvaldino Ferreira , Lima Sérvulo Fernando Costa , Langsdorff João Paulo Serafim , Oliveira Luís Vicente Franco , Sá Filho Alberto Souza de , Oliveira-Silva Iransé , Oliveira Jordão Ribeiro
Published: November 2024

Neste estudo buscou-se entender as nuances do esporte na África e seu papel para a vida deste povo. O objetivo desta revisão foi reunir informações capazes de identificar quais os ensinamentos que o esporte trouxe para a vida dos africanos. Para seu desenvolvimento, subdividimos o texto em três partes distintas (Esporte aprendizagem; Esporte, socialização & cultura; Evidências de ensinamentos do esporte na África). Concluímos que, ao reunir informações acerca do esporte, na vida dos africanos, destaca-se as questões culturais da nação e/ou seu colonizador. Em relação a socialização, mesmo não mensuráveis, as relações humanas são aprimoradas e consolidades em prol de um objetivo comum no campo esportivo. Ao finalizar este estudo, entendemos que muito ainda precisa ser feito para mensurar com exatidão o impacto das práticas esportivas na vida dos africanos, portanto, sugerimos estudos envolvendo essa temática em todo o continente africano.
Proximidade na Heterologia de Emmanuel Lévinas: O Lugar a partir de Fotografias de Estudantes Universitários
Authors: Santos Jéssica Bianca dos , Lima-Payayá Jamille da Silva
Published: November 2024

A heterologia de Lévinas nos convoca a uma escuta ética, na proximidade que não implica ensimesmamento nem Mesmidade. A partir de tal perspectiva, buscamos possibilidades para reverberar o lugar, como ética, na formação de professores de Geografia. O artigo objetiva repercutir a oficina ministrada durante a XXIX Semana de Geografia da Universidade Estadual de Maringá, em 2023. Intitulada “Alteridade na formação docente: por uma educação geográfica para a diferença”, a oficina propôs a produção de fotografias como possibilidade de sensibilização e escuta ética. A partir das fotografias, o lugar como alteridade é tonificado, como convocação do geográfico que interpela como acolhimento e responsabilidade.
Reflexões sobre a Avaliação na Perspectiva da Experiência de Licenciandos em Geografia
Authors: Conceiçao Neto Breno da , Moura Jeani Delgado Paschoal
Published: November 2024

A avaliação ainda é um assunto que gera controvérsias, conflitos e desafios na formação do professor e também na sua aplicação. É uma ação totalmente vinculado ao ensino como também a aprendizagem. E por esse fator, vê-se  necessidade de refletir a respeito da avaliação por meio das experiências que futuros professores estão experienciando por meio da observação participante e das entrevistas. Deste modo, este estudo tem o objetivo de é apresentar algumas ideias e percepções a respeito da avaliação com alunos em formação inicial em Licenciatura em Geografia. Tendo como questão norteadora: Como a observação participante pode auxiliar a compreender as experiências e vivências sobre a avaliação da aprendizagem? Metodologicamente, o artigo baseia-se na pesquisa qualitativa, com coleta de dados realizadas por meio da observação participante e de entrevistas. No entanto, ainda há modelo de avaliação cristalizado enquanto uma prática penosa. E que, ainda gera desconforto nos estudante, E isso, pode direta ou indiretamente refletir na formação do professor e no exercício da profissão docente.
Contributos da IA nos Processos Pedagógicos e no Desenvolvimento Profissional e Organizacional: Percepções de Professores Portugueses
Authors: Madureira Cristiana Pizarro , Batista José António Flambó Afonso
Published: November 2024

Este artigo tem como objetivo compreender os olhares de professores dos ensinos básico e secundário portugueses sobre as aplicações digitais utilizadas em contexto escolar e sobre o modo como a Inteligência Artificial (IA) poderá contribuir para a melhoria dos processos pedagógicos de ensino, aprendizagem e avaliação e para o consequente desenvolvimento e transformação profissional  e organizacional.Deste modo, centramos o estudo numa abordagem quantitativa, com recurso a um inquérito por questionário dirigido a 74 professores dos ensinos básico e secundário de um Agrupamento de Escolas em Portugal. Como principais conclusões destaca-se que o recurso à IA contribui para estimular a motivação e o compromisso do aluno com as aprendizagens, através da otimização dos processos de autorreflexão e de autorregulação. A utilização da IA possibilita aos professores implementar práticas de diferenciação pedagógica, numa abordagem humanista, inscrevendo a IA enquanto recurso pedagógico promotor de uma melhoria dos processos pedagógicos, promovendo assim o desenvolvimento e a transformação das pessoas e dos contextos. O estudo demonstrou, ainda, a necessidade premente de a escola se reconfigurar e transformar, capacitando a comunidade educativa em literacia em IA, criando um código de conduta, garantindo a equidade, a inclusão e a democratização de práticas pedagógicas inovadoras com o digital.
Universidade e Território: Aproximações por Meio da Investigação-Ação-Participativa
Authors: Cichoski Pamela , Rubin-Oliveira Marlize
Published: November 2024

O diálogo de saberes- fazeres, considerando a perspectiva decolonial, tem nos auxiliado em leituras de território que perpassam relações sociais, culturais e ambientais. Esse movimento  acontece a partir das coexistências espaço-temporais, bem como perpassa debates epistêmicos e conceituais acerca da descolonização do conhecimento, voltado para a ressignificação das formas de aprender-pesquisar-fazer-ensinar, ciências ‘outras’ e populares. Esse movimento busca reforçar relações universidade-território, com mais proximidade e contextualizadas com o lugar. O que requer a tessitura de movimentos em redes de sentir e pensar o mundo, considerando as diferenças,  lugares, sujeitos, naturezas  e territórios. Desse modo, no presente texto, buscamos refletir sobre a Investigação-Ação-Participativa (IAP), como caminho de coprodução de saberes-fazeres socioambientais, na relação universidade-território, tendo como base nossa práxis territorial no Centro de Integração Madre Maria Domênica, em Francisco Beltrão, Paraná, Brasil. Para tanto, dividimos nossa reflexão em dois momentos, primeiro abordamos a metodologia IAP, buscando evidenciar os princípios fundamentais, fases, níveis e regras  orientados pela obra de Orlando Fals Borda. E no segundo momento, buscamos refletir sobre algumas impressões acerca da coprodução de conhecimentos realizada no lugar e com os sujeitos. Assim, entre as principais aprendizagens estão a importância da inserção social com compromisso político, o que fortalece a relação sujeito-sujeito, contribuindo para o desenvolvimento de pesquisas com enraizamento territorial, e a importância de pesquisas participativas para a transformação social local.
DEPENDENCE OF THE HUMAN CARDIORESPIRATORY SYSTEM FUNCTIONING ON GEOMAGNETIC FIELD VARIATIONS IN THE CONDITIONS OF WINTERING ON ANTARCTIC STATION "VOSTOK"
Authors:   Institute of Biomedical Problems of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Osetsky N.Yu. , Man'ko O.M. ,   Institute of Biomedical Problems of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Konstantinova N.A. ,   Institute of Biomedical Problems of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Artamonov А.А. ,   Institute of Biomedical Problems of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Orlov O.I. ,   Institute of Biomedical Problems of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow
Published: November 2024

The paper presents the results of analysis of correlation between levels of geomagnetic disturbance and cardiorespiratory parameters measured in members of the 64th Russian Antarctic expedition. Analysis established a correlation between geomagnetic disturbance (K-index) and blood saturation with oxygen. Blood saturation determined using the K-index showed a statistically significant difference (p = 0.022) by the Kruskal-Wallis criterion. The greater is geomagnetic disturbance, the higher blood saturation with oxygen. Considering the similarity of extreme environments of polar explorers and cosmonauts, the method of blood oxygen saturation can be recommended for use in low-orbit missions in order to study how geomagnetic disturbances affect cosmonaut's organism.
CHARACTERISTICS OF MICROBIAL COLONIZTION OF HARDWARE STRUCTURAL MATERIALS AFTER LONG-TERM EXPOSURE IN THE ENVIRONMENT OF THE INTERNATIONAL SPACE STATION
Authors:   Institute of Biomedical Problems of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Kharin S.A. , Poddubko S.V. ,   Institute of Biomedical Problems of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow
Published: November 2024

The paper presents the results of studying quantitative dynamics, changes in composition and species diversity (Shannon diversity index, SDI) of the cultivable microbial community on samples of structural materials in the course of long-term exposure inside the International space station (space experiment Biorisk). It was found that the total number and species diversity of microorganisms changed in waves but the general trend was downward. In all, over the period of the experiment we detected, after cultivation in nutrient media, 20 bacterial species and 5 species of microscopic fungi grown on the samples of structural materials. Among bacteria, dominating species belonged to genus Bacillus, and species of the normal cutaneous and mucous microbiota belonged to genus Staphylococcus and Micrococcus. Genus Aspergillus and Penicillium dominated among fungi. Species diversity of the cultivable microbial community was maximal for textured glass and minimal for polyvinylchloride. SDI was 2.99 and 1.72 respectively. Also, these materials were populated by the largest (11) and least (5) numbers of cultivable microorganisms. The low microbial load on all types of materials after different periods of exposure suggests eco-safety of the ISS environment and effectiveness of the respective control measures.
EFFECT OF HYPOMAGNETIC FIELD ON THE CHARACTER OF GROWTH AND MORPHOLOGY OF CELLS BACTERIA G. BACILLUS
Authors:   Institute of Biomedical Problems of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Fialkina S.V. , Osipova P.D. ,   Institute of Biomedical Problems of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Vasin A.L. ,   Institute of Biomedical Problems of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Lebedev V.M. ,   Skobeltsyn Research Institute of Nuclear Physics, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Spassky A.V. ,   Skobeltsyn Research Institute of Nuclear Physics, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Buravkov S.V. ,   Institute of Biomedical Problems of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Poddubko S.V. ,   Institute of Biomedical Problems of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Orlov O.I. ,   Institute of Biomedical Problems of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow
Published: November 2024

Biological effects induced by hypomagnetic field (HMF) were investigated using g. Bacillus as a model. HMF was found to affect the growth of bacterial population and morphological structure of prokaryotic cells. Cultivation of B. subtilis and B. licheniformis in HMF was characterized by a more active growth and formation of a dense surface film in contrast to a uniform medium turbidity in the geomagnetic field (GMF). Scanning electron microscopy was used to visualize segmentation disorders and morphological modifications of the bacterial cells characterized by changes in the form and size due to, probably, destructive transformation of peptidoglycane. In HMF, sub-inhibiting concentrations of the ultraviolet chemical analog (4-NQO) in the medium have a synergic effect on the microbial growth, and also produce distinct morphological transformations.
Design, Synthesis, and Molecular Docking of Quinazolines Bearing Caffeoyl Moiety
for Targeting of PGK1/PKM2/STAT3 Signaling Pathway in the Human Breast
Cancer
Authors: Borik Rita M. , Hussein Mohammed A.
Published: November 2024

Background:

PGK1 and PKM2 are glycolytic enzymes, and their expression is upregulated in cancer
cells. STAT3 is a transcription factor implicated in breast cancer progression and chemoresistance. Researchers
worldwide continue to explore how targeting genes might lead to more effective anti-breast cancer
therapies. The present study aims to synthesize quinazolines containing caffeoyl moiety for developing innovative
anticancer agents against the human breast cancer cell line (MCF-7).

Methods:

A new quinazoline 2 was synthesized by reacting caffeic acid with 5-amino-phenylpyrazole carboxylate
1 in the presence of PCl3. Compound 2 reacted with NH2NH2.H2O to produce compound 3 through
cyclo-condensation. Apoptosis and necrosis as well as inhibition activity compounds 2 and 3 against PGK1,
and PKM2 were evaluated. The effect of compounds 2 and 3 on the levels of GSH, GR, SOD, GPx, CAT,
MDA, Bax, Bcl-2, caspase-3, P53 and VEGF levels as well as PGK1, PKM2 and STAT3 gene expression
were estimated in MCF-7 tumor cells.

Results:

The viability of MCF-7 cells was reduced to 22.42% and 45.86% after incubation with compounds 2
and 3 for 48 hours, respectively. The IC50 values for compounds 2 and 3 are 62.05 μg/mL and 16.73 μg/mL.
Furthermore, compound 3 exhibited more significant apoptosis and necrosis than compound 2. IC50 values of
compound 2 against PGK1, and PKM2 at interval concentration equals 1.04, and 0.32 μM/mL, respectively,
after 210 minutes of incubation. Moreover, compound 3 were revealed strong inhibition of PGK1, and PKM2
with IC50 values equals 0.55 and 0.21 μg/mL, respectively after 210 minutes of incubation. Our results proved
that the incubation of compounds 2 and 3 with MCF-7 cells increased the levels of apoptotic proteins, elevated
MDA, Bax, caspase-3 and P53 levels, depleted GSH, GR, SOD, GPx, CAT, Bcl-2 levels and downregulated
the levels of STAT3, PGK1, and PKM2 gene expression significantly. Our in silico results proved
that compound 2 showed a stronger estimated binding affinity with a ΔG of -7.2, -7.5, and -7.9 kcal/mol., respectively
towards PGK1, PKM2 and STAT3 proteins. Also, compound 3 exhibits a strong binding affinity
with ΔG of -7.9, -8.5, and - 8.7 kcal/mol., towards PGK1, PKM2 and STAT3 proteins.

Conclusion:

The results show that compounds 2 and 3 induce apoptotic activity by blocking the PGK1-
PKM2-STAT3 signaling pathway. The present investigation opens exciting possibilities for developing innovative
new anticancer quinazolines bearing caffeoyl moiety.
Synthesis, Reaction, and Biological Activity of Thiazoles
Authors: Alateeq Aisha M. , Al-Faiyz Yasair S. , McNair Olivia D. , Wiggins Jeffery S. , Sayed Abdelwahed R.
Published: November 2024

The current review aimed to provide an understanding of the preparation, reactions,
and biological action of thiazoles. The purpose of this review was to focus on the progress made
in the synthesis of physiologically effective thiazole products with their interactions. A combinatorial
approach was proposed, and extensive attempts were made in the search for thiazoles by
chemists in many domains due to the information of multiple artificial pathways and variable
physics-chemical factors of thiazoles. In this regard, the biological activities linked to thiazole
and the processes used in its production were thoroughly discussed in this study. The research
period covered in this review was from 1905 to 2024, providing a useful and convenient strategy
for the synthesis of numerous thiazole derivatives. Moreover, research on such reactions is still
ongoing and undoubtedly will provide new fused functionalized compounds of both industrial
and biological interests. A literature survey revealed that a great deal of interest has been focused
on the synthesis and reaction of thiazoles due to their wide range of biological activities.
Remarkable insights into different synthetic paths and modified physical-chemical features of
such thiazoles would be helpful for chemists worldwide.
The conceptualization of the Behavior Approach System: An analysis based on resource acquisition strategies
Authors: Pulido Marco A. , De Santiago Ana , Gual María , Guerrero Santiago , Luthe Alicia , Rincón-Gallardo Paola
Published: November 2024

The study assessed the possibility of using the revised reinforcement sensitivity theory to predict resource acquisition strategies. It was hypothesized that the Behavior Activation System would differentiate between individuals that favored competitive and those that favored cooperative strategies. A total of 405 undergraduate students from Mexico City answered four questionnaires, namely (1) the Reinforcement Sensitivity Theory Personality Questionnaire, (2) the Sensitivity to Punishment, Sensitivity to Reinforcement Questionnaire, (3) the Assessment of Individual Motives Questionnaire, and (4) the Self-Report Altruism Scale. Results showed that five out of seven competitive motives were predicted by a combination of fight-flight-freeze scores and impulsivity ones. Some cooperative motives may be predicted by specific combinations of behavior inhibition, reward responsiveness, reward intensiveness, and FFFS. Overall, results showed that, only using the BAS to predict individual motives, as previous research has done, may lead to misleading or incomplete conclusions.
Pioneering Klebsiella Pneumoniae Antibiotic Resistance Prediction With Artificial Intelligence-Clinical Decision Support System–Enhanced Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption/Ionization Time-of-Flight Mass Spectrometry: Retrospective Study
Authors: Jian Ming-Jr , Lin Tai-Han , Chung Hsing-Yi , Chang Chih-Kai , Perng Cherng-Lih , Chang Feng-Yee , Shang Hung-Sheng
Published: November 2024

Background

The rising prevalence and swift spread of multidrug-resistant gram-negative bacteria (MDR-GNB), especially Klebsiella pneumoniae (KP), present a critical global health threat highlighted by the World Health Organization, with mortality rates soaring approximately 50% with inappropriate antimicrobial treatment.

Objective

This study aims to advance a novel strategy to develop an artificial intelligence-clinical decision support system (AI-CDSS) that combines machine learning (ML) with matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS), aiming to significantly improve the accuracy and speed of diagnosing antibiotic resistance, directly addressing the grave health risks posed by the widespread dissemination of pan drug-resistant gram-negative bacteria across numerous countries.

Methods

A comprehensive dataset comprising 165,299 bacterial specimens and 11,996 KP isolates was meticulously analyzed using MALDI-TOF MS technology. Advanced ML algorithms were harnessed to sculpt predictive models that ascertain resistance to quintessential antibiotics, particularly levofloxacin and ciprofloxacin, by using the amassed spectral data.

Results

Our ML models revealed remarkable proficiency in forecasting antibiotic resistance, with the random forest classifier emerging as particularly effective in predicting resistance to both levofloxacin and ciprofloxacin, achieving the highest area under the curve of 0.95. Performance metrics across different models, including accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value, and F1-score, were detailed, underlining the potential of these algorithms in aiding the development of precision treatment strategies.

Conclusions

This investigation highlights the synergy between MALDI-TOF MS and ML as a beacon of hope against the escalating threat of antibiotic resistance. The advent of AI-CDSS heralds a new era in clinical diagnostics, promising a future in which rapid and accurate resistance prediction becomes a cornerstone in combating infectious diseases. Through this innovative approach, we answered the challenge posed by KP and other multidrug-resistant pathogens, marking a significant milestone in our journey toward global health security.
How Can Home-School Cooperation Promote Ideological and Political Education for Secondary Vocational School Students
Authors: Peng Hua , Zhang Penghao
Published: November 2024

The ideological and political education of secondary vocational school students is of utmost importance, requiring not only scientific guidance from schools but also the active involvement of families. Currently, there are common issues in the process of school-home cooperation in secondary vocational schools, such as parents not prioritizing students’ learning, limited and superficial forms of cooperation, and communication barriers between families and schools. By analyzing the significance of school-home cooperation in the ideological and political education of secondary vocational school students, this paper provides strategic suggestions for implementing school-home cooperation in secondary vocational schools. These suggestions include promoting the correct concept of school-home cooperation, enhancing the guiding ability of family education, and establishing multiple channels for school-home cooperation. Through these efforts, a synergistic educational force can be formed to promote collaborative education between families and schools.
Production of Artificial Liquid Hydrogen on Mars for Nuclear Thermal Propulsion
Authors: Ferauche Luiza Ramos , Poli Eleonore Cassandra
Published: November 2024

Besides being a renewable fuel, liquid hydrogen would potentiate nuclear thermal propulsion systems on missions to Mars. However, using liquid hydrogen requires carrying large tanks on space trips, which is challenging since rockets have a limited volume available and space related travel costs are mass related, with increased costs for increasing mass. Therefore, producing liquid hydrogen on Mars becomes fundamental for missions back to Earth. Previous research has primarily relied on producing Martian carbon dioxide fuel, however, a pioneer system of artificial liquid hydrogen production on Mars was studied to feasibly make trips to the red planet and lower the costs of space missions. The system involves extracting water from Martian artificial glaciers to produce artificial hydrogen through water electrolysis. Analyzing the system under Martian conditions proved that the model could theoretically be deployed on Mars. With theoretical and practical research, it will be possible to build a safe, effective, and realistic system of artificial liquid hydrogen production on Mars for nuclear thermal propulsion.
Dinámica empresarial en la región de Coquimbo
Authors: Soria-Barreto Karla
Published: November 2024

Los estudios de dinámica empresarial toman en cuenta variables bastante similares relacionadas con barreras de entrada, concentración, crecimiento del mercado, rentabilidad, costos hundidos, entre otros. El modelo propuesto aquí también incluye variables macroeconómicas como el crecimiento sectorial del PIB, tasa de desempleo sectorial y tasa de interés. En este sentido, las hipótesis a analizar en este capítulo tienen que ver con el impacto que generan tanto el crecimiento económico, la tasa de interés y el desempleo como variables explicativas sobre la tasa de entrada y salida de empresas. Asimismo, interesa determinar de manera efectiva la tasa de supervivencia de las empresas. otra hipótesis analizada se refiere a verificar si la tasa de salida de empresas es una variable explicativa de la tasa de entrada de empresas y viceversa.
Factores explicativos de la empresarialidad en la región de Coquimbo
Authors: Soria-Barreto Karla
Published: November 2024

Este capítulo utiliza la misma información recopilada mediante la Encuesta de Empresarialidad del BID, según se describió en el capítulo anterior. sin embargo, el objetivo del presente capítulo avanza en el sentido de salir de la descripción de los resultados obtenidos mediante dicho instrumento y se orienta a identificar las variables que favorecen el éxito de las empresas. Esto es, que evitan que las empresas desaparezcan del mercado o que mueran. Con estos modelos se trata de explicar la permanencia de empresas en el mercado, que no aumente la tasa de mortalidad o salida de empresas.
El servicio militar en Chiapas. La leva y el sorteo en la última década del porfiriato y la Revolución, 1900-1920
Authors: Cruz Pérez Manuel de Jesús
Published: November 2024

En la primera década del siglo XX era común en México reclutar hombres, en especial indígenas, para cubrir las bajas del ejército mediante la leva y el sorteo. Sin embargo, a finales del siglo XIX se comenzó a involucrar a mestizos. Este método continuó bajo los gobiernos revolucionarios de Francisco I. Madero y Victoriano Huerta, pero cambió durante el periodo de Venustiano Carranza, pues se comenzó a ampliar el uso de voluntarios y a disminuir el reclutamiento por sorteo. El sistema de reclutamiento en Chiapas fue diferente al que se puso en práctica en otros estados de la República. Según documentos históricos, entre 1900 y 1914 prevalecieron la leva y el sorteo, mientras que entre 1914 y 1920 se detuvo la práctica de la leva, se fortaleció el reclutamiento de voluntarios y el método de sorteo se utilizó en menor medida.
THE RADIO CONTINUUM SOURCE PROJECTED NEAR HR 8799
Authors: Rodríguez L. F. , Zapata L. A.
Published: November 2024

HR 8799 is an A5/F0 V star where exoplanets were first directly imaged. Four exoplanets were found within ≃ 2".0 from the star. Here we report the VLA detection of a faint (19.1±2.7 μJy) radio continuum (3.0 GHz) source projected at ≃ 2".2 from the star. The a priori probability of finding a background source with this flux density within a radius of 2".2 is only 0.0046. However, the astrometry made with the VLA and ALMA images, separated by 5.5 years, indicates no significant proper motions and rules out the association of the radio source with the HR 8799 system and suggests it is a background millimeter galaxy with dust emission in the millimeter and partially thick synchrotron emission in the centimeter.
ALP-PHOTON INTERACTION IN THE STELLAR ENVIRONMENT
Authors: Chaubey Ankur , Ganguly Avijit K.
Published: November 2024

The spin zero, very light bosons like pseudoscalar axion, scalar dilaton are collectively grouped into the term axion-like particle (ALP). These ellusive particles qualify as candidates for dark matter. ALPs also show their presence in higher dimensional theories, as K.K. particles in Kaluza Klein theory, moduli in string theory and chameleons in cosmology. They can interact with the photon via dimension-five coupling. In this text we provide an alternative method for investigating the signatures of the dark matter candidate particles (i.e., ALP) by estimating the expressions of the probabilities of conversion between different degrees of freedom of interacting photon into ALP and into each other in presence of a stellar magnetized background. We have also tried to explain the contributions of pseudoscalar ALP-photon mixing to the luminosity function of stars like red giant, supergiants, white dwarfs etc.
Diabetes Prediction Using Classification Algorithms
Authors: Sri N. Thanuja , Kumar G S Uday
Published: November 2024

Abstract: Diabetes is a metabolic disorder characterized by elevated blood glucose levels, leading to potential complications affecting various organs. This study aims to employ machine learning algorithms to accurately predict diabetes at an early stage. A dataset from Kuppam, AP, was utilized to analyze the relationship between chronic diseases and diabetes. Machine learning models, including K-Nearest Neighbors (KNN), Decision Trees (DT), Random Forest (RF), and logistic regression were implemented. Our findings demonstrate that Decision Tree outperforms other models in predicting diabetes, suggesting its potential as a valuable tool for early detection and intervention
Advanced Signal Processing Algorithms for IoT Devices: Real-Time Audio Classification with Resource-Constrained VLSI Architecture
Authors: V Naveen Kumar , B Sathish S , A Venkatesh
Published: November 2024

Abstract: This study focuses on the investigation of enhancement of VLSI architectures for supporting real-time audio classification in IoT systems. Audio classification is considered an important element of IoT because there are a lot of cases when the detection of sound is absolutely crucial for the efficient functioning of the IoT system. Since IoT devices are restricted in terms of power supply, memory size, and computational power, this report preliminarily reviews dedicated VLSI architectures sufficient to meet these requirements. It also constrains the study to VLSI choices like ASICs, FPGAs and DSPs where each of the choices has its merits. For instance, ASICs provide power and specific application traditional solutions, FPGAs offer flexible prototyping and DSPs stand out as optimal for repetitive signal related operations. MFCC’s and STFT are pointed out to be critical feature extraction roles for efficient, accurate audio representation and low complexity with the help of power optimization techniques as clock gating and dynamic voltage scaling. Nevertheless, some existing issues have not been solved, such as making better tradeoff between the latency and accuracy and coping with the scaling requirements of the new applications. Future trends such as neuromorphic computing and TinyML have potential in improving efficiency and biologically inspired signal processing with advanced hardware software codesign are expected to lower power consumption and expand the scope of VLSI. In summary, improvements on VLSI for IoT application such as audio classification make real time processing feasible meaning that IoT devices may infiltrate more fields. Innovative architectures, as well as emerging technologies are quickly enhancing the horizons of these capabilities, as this report shows.
Advanced Sequential Modeling for DeepFake Audio Identification
Authors: Dhabe Priyadarshan , Choudhary Nitin , Vidhale Ayush , Munde Yash , Sayyed Muaz , Zanwar Netal
Published: November 2024

Abstract: The research paper is about audio DeepFakes, which are fake audio clips that sound just like real people’s voices. These can be used to spread false information or pretend to be someone else, which is a big problem.The paper looks at different ways to tell if an audio clip is a DeepFake or not. It uses advanced computer techniques, like generative adversarial networks (GANs), to do this. The paper tests different methods, like using raw sound waves, Mel-frequency cepstral coefficients (MFCCs), and linear frequency cepstral coefficients (LFCCs) as inputs. One of the methods tested is the Time-Domain Synthetic Speech Detection (TSSD) model, which takes raw audio waveforms as input. The tests are done on the WaveFake dataset, which has synthetic audio made by six different GAN architectures. The paper measures how well each method works using things like the equal error rate (EER), F1 score, and area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC AUC). The results show that some methods, like the shallow CNN and TSSD architectures, are good at detecting audio DeepFakes. But, the paper also points out that there’s still room for improvement, especially for cases where the fake audio is made to trick the detection methods.
Modeling and Designing a Combination Lock State Machine by Using VHDL
Authors: Mohamed Abobkr. H. R. , Abobker Saleman. A. A. , Eame Masbah Alsnosi Masbah
Published: November 2024

Abstract: Recently, the electronic devices enter our daily life in many places, to make it more convenient. However, the aim of this paper, it will be illustrated how to model and design a digital machine by means of VHDL (Very High Speed Integrated Circuit) Hardware Description Language very high modleng. However, the machine that intended to be designed is a Combination Lock State Machine, one of which its output is activated after a certain binary sequence is received while the other output is dependent on both current and past history of the inputs (Mealy Machine). The design will be carried out via Altera Max+plus II framework or program; in addition to that, the design will be inspected and verified by a simulation waveform to make sure that all the required specification is achieved.