bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Boolean model for biochemical processes related To effect of cha in cancer cells
Authors:   , Sonsungsan Pajaree
Published: November 2023

Cancer is a group of diseases involving abnormal cell growth. In the present, cancer is one of the major diseases causing death annually. To inhibit cancer cells, several substances have been proposed and studied; for example, a compound namely a coumarin compound has been studied since it can inhibit cancer cells. However, the detailed biochemical processes explaining the effect of this substance is quite rare. Therefore, it is an important task to understand this effect in changing the biochemical pathways in more detail by mathematical methods. In this study, we construct Boolean model which includes apoptosis, calcium signaling pathway, and inflammation to explain the effect of a coumarin compound in cancer cells. Finally, the model will be used to explain the signaling processes and identify more new potential targets in treating cancers.
Hypothesis testing for slope heterogeneity for three dimensional panel data model
Authors:   , Kanokhilunyakorn Sasitorn
Published: November 2023

Tests for slope heterogeneity play important roles in panel data analysis nowadays as we can see several tests have been proposed in the last decades. However, those tests were proposed for classical panel models while multi-dimensional panel data have been becoming more available and are important in applications. Therefore, the main goal of this thesis is to derive a heterogeneity test statistic that is applicable for three-dimensional panel data model. Our test is the Lagrange multiplier test statistic based on the conditional Gaussian likelihood function of a sufficient statistic. The test is asymptotically normally distributed when the number of levels of considered direction tends to infinity and the number of time periods is fixed. Simulation results show that the proposed test has good size under considered specifications.
Parameter-free outlier detection factor using weighted minimum consecutive pair
Authors:   , Kiangia Warunya
Published: November 2023

Outlier concept is one of the most significant topics in data mining. Many researches in outlier detections address an algorithm to generate the outlier scores which can be used to measure the outlierness of an instance in a dataset. Ordered distance difference outlier factor (OOF) is the parameter-free outlier detection algorithm which was published in 2013. This thesis proposes a new parameter-free outlier detection algorithm called a weighted minimum consecutive pair of the extreme pole outlier factor (WOF). The new outlier score of an instance is generated along the extreme poles by considering the radial projection of this instance and its consecutive pair. The minimum on each side of the instance will be weighted and used to create the WOF. The WOF algorithm has the O(n2) time complexity. To compare the effectiveness and time, WOF algorithm was applied with generated synthetic datasets and three UCI datasets.
EFFICIENCY OF TERTIARY EDUCATION IN CROATIA: REVIEWING DEA APPLICATIONS
Authors: Fotova Čikovič Katerina
Published: November 2023

Due to its impact on the quality of the human capital, and thus, the country’s economic growth, education is considered a top priority and a strategic sector in every economy. This is the reason why education is in general publicly financed by governments throughout the world. Therefore, the efficiency of tertiary education needs to be consistently evaluated and measured. The main goal of this article is to survey and present all the published studies investigating the efficiency of tertiary education in the Republic of Croatia with the application of the non-parametric methodology Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA). Moreover, other goals of the study are to explore their used DEA models, the selected inputs and outputs as well as their findings and recommendations. The methodology used for this research is the extensive literature review of studies that employ the Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) in the efficiency evaluation of higher education in Croatia. The research approach includes a survey of the most relevant scientific databases for this research (i.e. Scopus, Web of Science – SSCI and SCI papers and the Croatian Scientific Bibliography CROSBI). The terms “Data Envelopment Analysis”, “Education” and “Croatia” were used for the data collection. After a total of 41 hits (5 in Scopus, 23 on WoS and 13 on CROSBI), a manual evaluation of the relevance and a selection has been made with the criterion of paper relevance. This ultimately led to 8 articles that investigate the relative efficiency of Croatian tertiary education. Thus, this article presents the findings of the most relevant published work regarding the efficiency of Croatian higher education and its findings are invaluable to the higher education institutions, the government, as well as academic members and the interested public.
LANGUAGE AND POWER – AN INSIGHT INTO THE REGULATORY FRAMEWORK AND PRACTICE OF LANGUAGE ARRANGEMENTS OF THE COUNCIL OF THE EUROPEAN UNION
Authors: Mazur Kumrić Nives , Zeko-Pivač Ivan
Published: November 2023

The intrinsic nature of language-power relationships has long attracted wide scholarly attention, particularly from the 1980s onwards. In addition to being assigned a classic communication function, language is also seen as a vital tool for demonstrating and exercising political power, that is, a collective power of ethnopolitical communities. This paper looks into the specificities of the language policies of the Council of the European Union both codified and customary, which demonstrate power relations between the Member States of the European Union. The research is based on the legal-dogmatic method as it assesses current positive law, doctrine, concepts, practice, and scholarly literature addressing elements of language arrangements pertinent to the Council. Special emphasis is put on discrepancies between codified rules calling for equality of all EU languages and nurturing linguistic diversity, on the one hand, and daily practices endorsing linguistic imperialism, on the other hand. The paper examines the evolution of language narratives in the founding treaties of the European Union, Council Regulation No. 1/58 determining the languages to be used by the European Union, the Council’s Rules of Procedure, and other relevant documents, and compares them with European realities on the ground. Although the regulatory framework governing the work of the Council is more or less clear regarding the equality of the Member States and their official languages, the power gap and language disbalance remain an ever-present element of the EU environment.
CUSTOMER SERVICE SATISFACTION AND CULTURAL DIFFERENCES IN CUSTOMER SERVICE EXPECTATIONS IN SWITZERLAND
Authors: Nobilo Ivana
Published: November 2023

Customer satisfaction is a key driver of revenue. This paper investigates possible differences in customer service satisfaction and expectations between Swiss citizens and expatriates. The measurement of customer satisfaction and expectations is based on quantitative research in form of an online survey, where customers were asked to express opinions on statements via satisfaction scales, mapping various interactions with service providers in hospitality, finance, retail industry and analysis. The aim of the paper is to collect the said data as well as to analyze traditional customer satisfaction survey as secondary data and to offer recommendations for upgrading customer satisfaction in Switzerland, if any.
Seeking Public Comment on CSL 1.0.2 Release
Authors: Karcher Sebastian
Published: November 2023

Over the past few months, Citation Style Language developers have worked to address a backlog of feature requests. This work will be reflected in two upcoming releases. The first of these, 1.0.2, is slated for release shortly. Its focus is on easy to implement, non-controversial additions, principally new item types, fields, and terms.
Scientific reputations and clashing worldviews
Authors: Wedel Matt
Published: November 2023

Two weeks ago, Brian Kraatz and I attended one of Edward Tufte’s workshops on presenting data and information. I’ve been meaning to blog about that, and still plan to when I get time to breathe. But something came up then that has been stuck in my head ever since.
A ROR Persistent Identifier for the WATOC organisation – helping to make scientific connections.
Authors: Rzepa Henry
Published: November 2023

Science frequently works by people making connections between related (or even apparently unrelated) concepts or data. There are many ways of helping people make these connections – attending a conference or seminar, searching journals for published articles and nowadays also searching for data are just a few examples.
Desarrollo de cultura ambiental en estudiantes de América Latina
Authors: Benavente Villafuerte Aurelia Reina
Published: November 2023

Los diversos cambios y problemáticas ambientales que enfrentamos a nivel mundial, se deben al actuar irresponsable e insostenible de todos y todas; ya que se busca, en primera instancia, el beneficio personal y no el bien común. Desde hace décadas, en diversas cumbres mundiales se ha priorizado la conservación del medio ambiente, llegando a importantes acuerdos; pero, que no se ha hecho realidad, lo resultados lo demuestran. Esto demuestra, la falta de compromiso real en la aplicación de estrategias, sobre todo educativas, que lleven a fortalecer la conciencia ambiental de los ciudadanos. En ese sentido, el objetivo de esta investigación es conocer las diversas temáticas ambientales y cómo estas se han priorizados en la educación de los niños, adolescentes y universitarios hispanohablantes. Para ello, se realiza una valoración descriptiva y cuantificada de investigaciones realizadas.
Participación, asistencia social y organización de las cofradas indias de Lima. Un estudio de caso del siglo XVII
Authors: Jiménez Jiménez Ismael
Published: November 2023

Tras la explosión cofradiera en la Ciudad de los Reyes entraron en funcionamiento corporaciones de españoles, criollos, negros e indios. Las que agruparon a estos últimos se organizaron a ejemplo de los primeros y ofrecieron a su grupo social una manera de asociarse, de entender el culto católico y de asegurarse materialmente ante la enfermedad y la muerte. Así, la cofradía de indios de Consolación del convento de la Merced de Lima reunió a un buen número de naturales, sin distinguirlos en razón a su género. Sin embargo, sí que hubo diferenciación, relegando nominativamente a las cofradas al espacio de culto. En la práctica, con su propia estructura, estas mujeres acabaron por ocupar un espacio dentro de la cofradía dedicándose a la atención de los cofrades.
Reivindicarse sin exponerse. Estrategias translúcidas en los autorretratos de Rosa Valverde
Authors: Barcenilla Haizea
Published: November 2023

Este artículo presenta y analiza una serie de autorretratos de la artista Rosa Valverde (1953-2015). Pretende, en primer lugar, dar a conocer a esta interesante artista apenas investigada. Para ello, se centra en su autorrepresentación como pintora para intentar comprender el modo en que la utilizó para reivindicarse como artista profesional. Este análisis se realiza desde la teoría de los afectos, proponiendo que la artista utilizó la estrategia translúcida, una forma de mostrar sin exponerse como cuerpo de mujer, como respuesta al sentimiento de vergüenza provocado por ser mujer en un sistema del arte patriarcal que la rechazaba. Esta estrategia se presenta como femenina, resignificando el término para definir el conjunto de experiencias compartidas atravesadas por el género que vivieron las artistas del último cuarto del siglo XX y que pudo llevarlas a utilizar estrategias de respuesta similares.
ASALTANTES SEXUALES DESCONOCIDOS PARA LA VÍCTIMA EN ESPAÑA:
Authors: Janosch González Heriberto , Pérez Fernández Francisco , Nut Diana , Marset Miguel
Published: November 2023

La investigación criminológica española no parece encontrar en las diferentes bases de datos públicas de España datos suficientes oapropiados para someter a prueba sus teorías. En el caso de las agresiones sexuales cometidas por desconocidos para las víctimas hemos diseñado una base de datos a partir de las sentencias judiciales pertinentessuministradas públicamente por el Centro de Documentación Judicialdel Consejo General del Poder Judicial (CENDOJ). Actualmente la baseconsta de 176 incidentes, y se encuentra disponible en su totalidad para las/os investigadoras/es que la requieran, a fin de incentivar una colaboración entre las/os mismas/os. Se presentan en este estudio los primeros resultados descriptivos, y una tipología preliminar elaborada a partir de un análisis de Escalamiento Multidimensional (EMD).
Bridging the divide: The effect of individuating information on attitudes toward political outgroup members
Authors: Koetke Jonah , Conrique Beverly G. , Schumann Karina
Published: November 2023

Liberals and conservatives in the United States exhibit intergroup bias toward those on the other side. In three preregistered experiments (N = 1,389), we examined the bias-reducing benefits of individuating members of the political outgroup by providing people with individuating information—information that provides knowledge about them beyond their group membership, such as their social roles, emotions, and personality. Studies 1 and 2 extended work on individuating information into this domain by testing its impact on a novel political outgroup member. Study 3 broke new ground by testing whether the benefits of learning individuating information can extend to additional members of the outgroup. Each methodology revealed that, compared to those who read non-individuating controls, participants who learned individuating information about a political outgroup member were less hostile and more empathic toward that outgroup member. The current studies thus identify a promising avenue for reducing interparty hostility.
Estimating item parameters in multistage designs with the tmt package in R
Authors: Steinfeld Jan , Robitzsch Alexander
Published: November 2023

Various likelihood-based methods are available for the parameter estimation of item response theory models (IRT), leading to comparable parameter estimates. Considering multistage testing (MST) designs, Glas (1988; https://doi.org/10.2307/1164950) stated that the conditional maximum likelihood (CML) method in its original formulation leads to severely biased parameter estimates. A modified CML estimation method for MST designs proposed by Zwitser and Maris (2015; https://doi.org/10.1007/s11336-013-9369-6) finally provides asymptotically unbiased item parameter estimates. Steinfeld and Robitzsch (2021b; https://doi.org/10.31234/osf.io/ew27f) complemented this method to MST designs with probabilistic routing strategies. For both proposed modifications additional software solutions are required since design-specific information must be incorporated into the estimation process. An R package that has implemented both modifications is "tmt". In this article, first, the proposed solutions of the CML estimation in MST designs are illustrated, followed by the main part, the demonstration of the CML item parameter estimation with the R package "tmt". The demonstration includes the process of model specification, data simulation, and item parameter estimation, considering two different routing types of deterministic and probabilistic MST designs.
Hubungan Pola Makan dengan Sindrom Dispepsia pada Remaja
Authors: Sri  , Siagian Yusnaini , Liza Wati Liza Wati , Julia DS Hotmaria
Published: November 2023

Dispepsia merupakan istilah yang digunakan dalam suatu sindrom atau kumpulan gejala rasa tidak nyaman berupa nyeri atau rasa terbakar pada epigastrium, cepat kenyang, kembung pada saluran cerna bagian atas, rasa penuh setelah makan, mual, muntah, dan sendawa pada perut bagian atas. Pola makan ini erat kaitannya dengan aktivitas atau kebiasaan makan, keluhan yang terjadi pada tiap orang mungkin tidak sama. Penelitian ini merupakan studi observasi analitik (kuantitatif) dengan pendekatan studi cross sectional yaitu penelitian non eksperimental dimana pengambilan data terhadap beberapa variabel penelitian dilakukan pada satu waktu. Alat pengumpulan data menggunakan kuisioner. Populasi yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah remaja Sri Tanjung sejumlah 320 remaja. Sampel pada penelitian ini berjumlah 76 remajaBerdasarkan hasil uji spearman rank didapatkan hasil dengan nilai p=,000 (p<0,05) yang artinya ada hubungan antara pola makan dengan sindrom dispepsia pada pada remaja di Desa Sri Tanjung  Keeratan hubungan antara pola makan dengan sindrom dispepsia sebesar 0,504 yang berarti bahwa kekuatan hubungan antar kedua variabel yaitu sedang.
ЎЗБЕКИСТОНДА СУҒУРТА БОЗОРИНИ РИВОЖЛАНТИРИШ ЙЎНАЛИШЛАРИ
Authors: Бахриев Дилшод
Published: November 2023

Ушбу мақолада Ўзбекистонда Суғурта соҳасининг ривожланиш кўрсаткичлари, хозирги кунда суғурта бозорини ривожлантириш бўйича олиб борилаётган ишлар, шунингдек, соҳани такомиллаштириш йўналишлари бўйича маълумотлар келтирилган.
Improving The Quality of Z Generation Regarding Knowledge of Reproductive Health for Junior High School Girls
Authors: Kustin Kustin , Dermawan Fabian Alfan Akbar , Dewi Shinta Nur Chandra
Published: November 2023

Teenagers are now known as Z- Generation or the net-generation. The generation of teenagers who will continue the current millennial generation is expected to create a new era in technological development. It is feared that the strong influence of internet technology will not only change mindsets but can also turn something that is taboo into a legal tradition among the people. Such as the development of lesbian, gay, bisexual and transgender groups or what is known as LGBT. The purpose of the service is to improve the quality of generation Z regarding reproductive health knowledge. The activity was carried out in a group of 86 young women. This service activity was carried out by providing educational education and also training on reproductive health. Evaluation of the assessment using questionnaires and observation sheets with the prepost test method. The results of the activity showed an increase in the quality and knowledge of young women from before the activity, the level of knowledge was mostly in the less category, namely 62 students (72%), increasing to a good level of knowledge category to 68 students (79%). Education and training on reproductive health is quite effective in increasing the knowledge of junior high school girls.Keywords: Z Generation, Knowledge, Reproductive Health, Teenager girl.
Implementation of Nursing Care Documentation Based on Indonesian Nursing Care Standards (SDKI, SLKI, and SIKI) in Hospitals
Authors: Yuwanto Mahmud Ady , Prasetyo Rizki Eko
Published: November 2023

Nursing documentation is a description of the actions given by nurses to patients in nursing care. This documentation consists of assessment, diagnosis, outcome, intervention, implementation, and evaluation. Nursing documentation should be evaluated in relation to its application in providing nursing care. There is still diversity in formulating nursing diagnoses due to the variety of nursing education, knowledge of nurses, and even differences in the reference standards used. Nurses at Kaliwates General Hospital Jember have different backgrounds from different educational institutions. Training is needed in providing nursing care, especially in the formulation of nursing diagnoses. The purpose of this service is to increase knowledge and skills as well as to apply the SDKI, SLKI, and SIKI books in the preparation of nursing documentation. This service method is by collecting information related to the knowledge and skills of nurses about the application of the SDKI, SLKI, and SIKI; training by providing materials; mentoring; and evaluating the application of this book in the nursing care documentation process.
Implementation Of Pre-Marital Check Up in Catin Couples As A Healthy Preconception and Preparation Effort
Authors: Handayani Yuni , Handayani Ririn
Published: November 2023

The bride and groom are potential fertile partners who will build relationships in the household and produce offspring by preparing for healthy reproduction. Reproductive health plays an important role in newlywed couples producing offspring, therefore one way that can be done to mature prospective brides is through premarital counseling. Reproductive readiness is obtained through premarital counseling and preconception screening. As for its activities through preconception health care, it is a treatment that refers to biomedical, behavioral and social prevention interventions that can increase the chances of having a healthy baby. The purpose of this activity is to provide information, education and pre-marital check-up screening. The implementation of pre-marital skin check-up activities for catins will be carried out in the working area of the Kaliwates Health Center, Jember Regency. The activities carried out are providing reproductive health education and catin health checks. The output of this activity is the publication of journals and documentation of implementation results which are published via social media. After providing education, the bride-to-be understands more about the importance of paying attention to and maintaining reproductive health. From the results of the premarital check up on the bride and groom, it was found that several participants had anemia and normal blood sugar levels.
Tourists, Not Industry Experts, Create Memorable Tourists’ Experiences!
Authors: Williams Helena , Yuan Jingxue (Jessica)
Published: November 2023

The way we do or think about tourism is changing. Today’s tourists do not want to just look, watch, or relax while traveling. More tourists of all generations and incomes are seeking experiential memorable travel opportunities. The destinations and activities that individual tourists choose are very dependent upon unique interests and personal idiosyncrasies. This research study confirms that the destination selections and subsequent satisfaction that leads to favorable Word-of-Mouth/Mouse (WOMM) marketing depends upon the level of individualized engagement promised to and experienced by the tourists themselves. Businesses and destinations increasingly need to be designed and targeted to individuals who are interested in memorable experiential tourism activities. This study clarifies the tourists’ memorability-forming process that can be used by academicians and industry practitioners to align tourism opportunities with emotion-triggering elements that tourists find memorable.
Matching Reviewers to Customers: The Role of Demographics and Preferences in Hotel Online Booking
Authors: Chan Cheng Chu , Lam Long W , Chow Cheris W. C. , Fong Lawrence Hoc Nang , Law Rob
Published: November 2023

Travelers can easily refer to online reviews as a source of advice before booking a hotel; however, online reviews are not structured which make gathering useful information uneasy. What if online review sites can prioritize and direct the reviews that are most relevant to the customers and save them a lot of time? The value and usefulness of reviews are affected by the reviewers’ background. This study investigated whether customers tend to value the reviews written by similar people more than those written by dissimilar people. The first experiment showed that positive reviews increased consumers’ intention to book a hotel, negative reviews decreased bookings, and consumers were more affected by the reviews written by similar people. When demographics about reviewers are not available, customers will focus on other traits of the reviewer, such as preferences. The second experiment added shared preference between consumers and reviewers as another basis of similarity. Customers relied on reviewers’ preferences a clue of similarity when demographic similarity was not presented, and vice versa. Online reviews offer a good chance for managers to know their customers. Online review sites should use this information to form better strategies. The researchers showed that more relevant reviews can be displayed to customers by matching people’s demographics or preferences.
The role of microbial biofilms in the development of respiratory system complications in patients with COVID-19: A literature review
Authors: Kochnieva Olena , Kotsar Olena
Published: November 2023

One of the complications of COVID-19 is the development of acute respiratory failure, which may require artificial ventilation using an endotracheal tube to correct hypoxaemia. However, the establishment of biofilms during intubation of patients can pose a risk of microbial growth that can cause severe complications. Therefore, the research on the microbial composition of biofilms that causes such diseases becomes an urgent issue. The purpose of the research was to analyse and summarise the data from current studies on the role of microbial biofilms and their impact on the development of respiratory system complications in patients with COVID-19. After reviewing the literature, it was determined that Staphylococcus epidermidis, Enterococcus faecalis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Candida albicans accounted for the majority of biofilms isolated from endotracheal tubes in patients with COVID-19. The level of antimicrobial resistance among the isolated strains was almost 70%. The examination of samples from endotracheal tubes identified representatives of the lung microbiome, Prevotella spp. and some species of Streptococcus, Veillonella. However, in the research on the microbial composition of biofilms isolated from endotracheal tubes, pathogenic representatives dominated, such as Pseudomonas spp., Staphylococcus spp., Streptococcus spp., Stenotrophomonas spp., Enterobacterales, Haemophilus spp. and Actinomyces spp. Changes in the composition of the lung microbiome in patients with COVID-19 can lead to the development of severe complications accompanied by the establishment of biofilms. Microorganisms in biofilms can be a reservoir for secondary pulmonary infections, which affects the duration of mechanical ventilation and the admission of patients with COVID-19 to intensive care units. The development and implementation of effective measures for the prevention and treatment of biofilm-related infections is an important task for modern medical practice
Global Best Practices in Insurance Claim Cycle Time & Leakage
Authors: Kumar Shishir
Published: November 2023

Insurers are losing huge amounts of money to fraudulent claims. To cope up with soaring claims, insurers are adopting the best claim practices to transform their operating model. However, they are still reluctant because their investment on technology should be justified with financial prudence.

The study covers the best service practices and technologies implemented by various insurers during 2003-07. It reveals that majority of claim technologies have been implemented in the P&C segment. U.S. and UK accounted majority of the claim technology implemented. Insurers have been more focused towards claim administration & Processing globally. Aviva emerged as a leader in the claim technology implementation and deployment of radically innovated technologies.
The Oriental context of the topos of the garden in Russian "Fin de siècle" poetry
Authors: Dyachenko Tatyana Anatolevna
Published: November 2023

The purpose of the study is to identify the features of the functioning of the topos of the garden in the subject–spatial organization of Russian poetic texts of the 1880s-1890s with a vector to the exoticism of the East. The subject of the study is a garden in the oriental context of poems of the designated period. The object is lyrical works of Russian poets of the last two decades of the XIX century, focused on the eastern context. Particular attention is paid to oriental imagery, which is transferred to the sphere of the universal language of poetry, into which poets translate the subjectivist attitude to the transformation of the real world into an ideal one. The specificity of the material and the multidimensional nature of its consideration determined the general philosophical principles of historicism and consistency as a methodological basis. The research is based on the synthesis of historical-genetic, comparative-historical, functional, intertextual methods. The main conclusions of the study: 1) in the space of the oriental locus of lyrical works of the 1880s-1990s, the garden most often acts as cultural-specific units; 2) unlike the poets of the past decades, the authors of the "fin de siécle" era more often refer to Sufi symbolism itself. The novelty of the research lies in the fact that the poetic heritage of the Muslim East in the texts of the "epoch of timelessness" – pre-symbolism, as well as the initial stage of the symbolist trend, has not previously become the object of systematic research. According to E.A. Tahodi's fair remark, in the last three decades, Russian science has grown interest "in the figures of the "second row", in the epochs of transformation of traditional literary paradigms, including pre-symbolism," which remains the least studied page in the history of Russian literature of the XIX century.
The concept of «politics» in Russian and Chinese culture
Authors: Wang Jiehan
Published: November 2023

This study is a comparative lingocultural research. Its main goal is to identify the peculiarities in the interpretation of the concept of "politics" in Russian and Chinese linguocultures using the semantic context of this term. We compare how different aspects of the concept of "politics" are perceived in each of these cultures and analyze them within the context of cultural features, language nuances, and historical factors. In this research, we employ various scientific methods for analyzing and comparing the understanding of "politics" in Russian and Chinese cultures. These methods include comparative-historical analysis to study the historical context, generalization method for data classification, and semantic analysis method for understanding meanings and connotations. These methods help us better understand the similarities and differences in how different cultures perceive the concept of "politics". While there are numerous studies dedicated to comparing concepts in the Russian and Chinese languages, there is currently a lack of linguocultural studies that analyze the understanding of "politics" within the Russian and Chinese linguocultures. This underscores the scientific novelty and significance of this research. The results of this study will have a significant impact on improving cross-cultural understanding between these two ethnic groups. Furthermore, these results can be used in the development of educational programs in the fields of regional studies and comparative cultural studies, as well as in the process of teaching relevant languages.
Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor activation stimulates PKA-mediated phosphorylation of Raptor and this contributes to the weight loss effect of liraglutide
Authors: Le Thao DV , Liu Dianxin , Besing Gai-Linn K , Raghavan Ritika , Ellis Blair J , Ceddia Ryan P , Collins Sheila , Ayala Julio E
Published: November 2023

The canonical target of the glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor (GLP-1R), Protein Kinase A (PKA), has been shown to stimulate mechanistic Target of Rapamycin Complex 1 (mTORC1) by phosphorylating the mTOR-regulating protein Raptor at Ser791 following β-adrenergic stimulation. The objective of these studies is to test whether GLP-1R agonists similarly stimulate mTORC1 via PKA phosphorylation of Raptor at Ser791 and whether this contributes to the weight loss effect of the therapeutic GLP-1R agonist liraglutide. We measured phosphorylation of the mTORC1 signaling target ribosomal protein S6 in Chinese Hamster Ovary cells expressing GLP-1R (CHO-Glp1r) treated with liraglutide in combination with PKA inhibitors. We also assessed liraglutide-mediated phosphorylation of the PKA substrate RRXS*/T* motif in CHO-Glp1r cells expressing Myc-tagged wild-type (WT) Raptor or a PKA-resistant (Ser791Ala) Raptor mutant. Finally, we measured the body weight response to liraglutide in WT mice and mice with a targeted knock-in of PKA-resistant Ser791Ala Raptor. Liraglutide increased phosphorylation of S6 and the PKA motif in WT Raptor in a PKA-dependent manner but failed to stimulate phosphorylation of the PKA motif in Ser791Ala Raptor in CHO-Glp1r cells. Lean Ser791Ala Raptor knock-in mice were resistant to liraglutide-induced weight loss but not setmelanotide-induced (melanocortin-4 receptor-dependent) weight loss. Diet-induced obese Ser791Ala Raptor knock-in mice were not resistant to liraglutide-induced weight loss; however, there was weight-dependent variation such that there was a tendency for obese Ser791Ala Raptor knock-in mice of lower relative body weight to be resistant to liraglutide-induced weight loss compared to weight-matched controls. Together, these findings suggest that PKA-mediated phosphorylation of Raptor at Ser791 contributes to liraglutide-induced weight loss.
Genetic and karyotype divergence between parents affect clonality and sterility in hybrids
Authors: Marta Anatolie , Tichopád Tomáš , Bartoš Oldřich , Klíma Jiří , Shah Mujahid Ali , Bohlen Vendula Šlechtová , Bohlen Joerg , Halačka Karel , Choleva Lukáš , Stöck Matthias , Dedukh Dmitrij , Janko Karel
Published: November 2023

Asexual reproduction can be triggered by interspecific hybridization, but its emergence is supposedly rare, relying on exceptional combinations of suitable genomes. To examine how genomic and karyotype divergence between parental lineages affect the incidence of asexual gametogenesis, we experimentally hybridized fishes (Cobitidae) across a broad phylogenetic spectrum, assessed by whole exome data. Gametogenic pathways generally followed a continuum from sexual reproduction in hybrids between closely related evolutionary lineages to sterile or inviable crosses between distant lineages. However, most crosses resulted in a combination of sterile males and asexually reproducing females. Their gametes usually experienced problems in chromosome pairing, but females also produced a certain proportion of oocytes with premeiotically duplicated genomes, enabling their development into clonal eggs. Interspecific hybridization may thus commonly affect cell cycles in a specific way, allowing the formation of unreduced oocytes. The emergence of asexual gametogenesis appears tightly linked to hybrid sterility and constitutes an inherent part of the extended speciation continuum.
Dynamic analysis of circulating tumor DNA to predict the prognosis and monitor the treatment response of patients with metastatic triple-negative breast cancer: A prospective study
Authors: Chi Yajing , Su Mu , Zhou Dongdong , Zheng Fangchao , Zhang Baoxuan , Qiang Ling , Ren Guohua , Song Lihua , Bu Bing , Fang Shu , Yu Bo , Zhou Jinxing , Yu Jinming , Li Huihui
Published: November 2023

Background:

Limited data are available on applying circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) in metastatic triple-negative breast cancer (mTNBC) patients. Here, we investigated the value of ctDNA for predicting the prognosis and monitoring the treatment response in mTNBC patients.

Methods:

We prospectively enrolled 70 Chinese patients with mTNBC who had progressed after ≤2 lines of chemotherapy and collected blood samples to extract ctDNA for 457-gene targeted panel sequencing.

Results:

Patients with ctDNA+, defined by 12 prognosis-relevant mutated genes, had a shorter progression-free survival (PFS) than ctDNA− patients (5.16 months vs. 9.05 months, p=0.001), and ctDNA+ was independently associated with a shorter PFS (HR, 95% CI: 2.67, 1.2–5.96; p=0.016) by multivariable analyses. Patients with a higher mutant-allele tumor heterogeneity (MATH) score (≥6.316) or a higher ctDNA fraction (ctDNA%≥0.05) had a significantly shorter PFS than patients with a lower MATH score (5.67 months vs.11.27 months, p=0.007) and patients with a lower ctDNA% (5.45 months vs. 12.17 months, p<0.001), respectively. Positive correlations with treatment response were observed for MATH score (R=0.24, p=0.014) and ctDNA% (R=0.3, p=0.002), but not the CEA, CA125, or CA153. Moreover, patients who remained ctDNA+ during dynamic monitoring tended to have a shorter PFS than those who did not (3.90 months vs. 6.10 months, p=0.135).

Conclusions:

ctDNA profiling provides insight into the mutational landscape of mTNBC and may reliably predict the prognosis and treatment response of mTNBC patients.

Funding:

This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 81902713), Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province (Grant No. ZR2019LZL018), Breast Disease Research Fund of Shandong Provincial Medical Association (Grant No. YXH2020ZX066), the Start-up Fund of Shandong Cancer Hospital (Grant No. 2020-PYB10), Beijing Science and Technology Innovation Fund (Grant No. KC2021-ZZ-0010-1).
Loss of finger control complexity and intrusion of flexor biases are dissociable in finger individuation impairment after stroke
Authors: Xu Jing , Ma Timothy , Kumar Sapna , Olds Kevin , Brown Jeremy , Carducci Jacob , Forrence Alex , Krakauer John
Published: November 2023

The ability to control each finger independently is an essential component of human hand dexterity. A common observation of hand function impairment after stroke is the loss of this finger individuation ability, often referred to as enslavement, i.e., the unwanted coactivation of non-intended fingers in individuated finger movements. In the previous literature, this impairment has been attributed to several factors, such as the loss of corticospinal drive, an intrusion of flexor synergy due to upregulations of the subcortical pathways, and/or biomechanical constraints. These factors may or may not be mutually exclusive and are often difficult to tease apart. It has also been suggested, based on a prevailing impression, that the intrusion of flexor synergy appears to be an exaggerated pattern of the involuntary coactivations of task-irrelevant fingers seen in a healthy hand, often referred to as a flexor bias. Most previous studies, however, were based on assessments of enslavement in a single dimension (i.e., finger flexion/extension) that coincide with the flexor bias, making it difficult to tease apart the other aforementioned factors. Here, we set out to closely examine the nature of individuated finger control and finger coactivation patterns in all dimensions. Using a novel measurement device and a 3D finger-individuation paradigm, we aim to tease apart the contributions of lower biomechanical, subcortical constraints, and top-down cortical control to these patterns in both healthy and stroke hands. For the first time, we assessed all five fingers’ full capacity for individuation. Our results show that these patterns in the healthy and paretic hands present distinctly different shapes and magnitudes that are not influenced by biomechanical constraints. Those in the healthy hand presented larger angular distances that were dependent on top-down task goals, whereas those in the paretic hand presented larger Euclidean distances that arise from two dissociable factors: a loss of complexity in finger control and the dominance of an intrusion of flexor bias. These results suggest that finger individuation impairment after stroke is due to two dissociable factors: the loss of finger control complexity present in the healthy hand reflecting a top-down neural control strategy and an intrusion of flexor bias likely due to an upregulation of subcortical pathways. Our device and paradigm are demonstrated to be a promising tool to assess all aspects of the dexterous capacity of the hand.
Auxin exposure disrupts feeding behavior and fatty acid metabolism in adult Drosophila
Authors: Fleck Sophie A , Biswas Puja , DeWitt Emily D , Knuteson Rebecca L , Eisman Robert C , Nemkov Travis , D'Alessandro Angelo , Tennessen Jason M , Rideout Elizabeth , Weaver Lesley N
Published: November 2023

The ease of genetic manipulation in Drosophila melanogaster using the Gal4/UAS system has been beneficial in addressing key biological questions. Current modifications of this methodology to temporally induce transgene expression require temperature changes or exposure to exogenous compounds, both of which have been shown to have detrimental effects on physiological processes. The recently described auxin-inducible gene expression system (AGES) utilizes the plant hormone auxin to induce transgene expression and is proposed to be the least toxic compound for genetic manipulation, with no obvious effects on Drosophila development and survival in one wild-type strain. Here, we show that auxin delays larval development in another widely used fly strain, and that short- and long-term auxin exposure in adult Drosophila induces observable changes in physiology and feeding behavior. We further reveal a dosage response to adult survival upon auxin exposure, and that the recommended auxin concentration for AGES alters feeding activity. Furthermore, auxin-fed male and female flies exhibit a significant decrease in triglyceride levels and display altered transcription of fatty acid metabolism genes. Although fatty acid metabolism is disrupted, auxin does not significantly impact adult female fecundity or progeny survival, suggesting AGES may be an ideal methodology for studying limited biological processes. These results emphasize that experiments using temporal binary systems must be carefully designed and controlled to avoid confounding effects and misinterpretation of results.
MiR-525-5p inhibits diffuse large B cell lymphoma progression via the Myd88/NF-κB signaling pathway
Authors: Guo Xiuchen , Zhang Jingbo , Zeng Jingya , Guo Yiwei , Zhao Lina
Published: November 2023

Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) is a B-cell lymphoma with a high degree of aggressiveness. Recently, evidence has shown that miR-525-5p is decreased in DLBCL, suggesting its possible involvement in tumor progression. In this study, miR-525-5p suppressed proliferation, invasion and clonogenicity, and increased apoptosis of U2932 cells, whereas miR-525-5p silencing enhanced tumor cell growth. Next, miR-525-5p targets the 3′-UTR of Myd88, and Myd88 protein was increased in lymphoma tissues. Similar to the miR-525-5p mimic, Myd88 siRNA suppressed proliferation, invasion, and clonogenicity, and enhanced apoptosis of U2932 cells. We observed that Myd88 reversed the inhibitory effect of miR-525-5p on tumor cell growth by transfecting cells with miR-525-5p mimics alone or together with Myd88 overexpression vector. In addition, in vivo studies have shown that compared to the control group, U2932 cells with upregulated miR-525-5p expression have a reduced ability to induce tumor formation. In conclusion, our results demonstrate that miR-525-5p inhibits the progression of DLBCL through the Myd88/NF-κB pathway, which largely fills the gap of previous studies, and our results may provide a new reference for the targeted treatment of DLBCL.
Comparing the Cold, Warm, and Hot Deformation Flow Behavior of Selective Laser‐Melted and Electron‐Beam‐Melted Ti–6Al–2Sn–4Zr–2Mo Alloy
Authors: Roshani Mehrad , Abedi Hamid Reza , Saboori Abdollah
Published: November 2023

The cold, warm, and hot deformation flow behavior and mechanical properties of the Ti‐6242 alloy produced by selective laser melting (SLM) and electron beam melting (EBM) are compared. Hot compression tests are conducted over a wide temperature range (100–1000 °C) at a constant strain rate of 0.001 s−1. The yield and overall strength levels of the SLMed specimens are higher than those of the EBMed specimens at all temperatures. A thermally stable region is observed for SLMed specimens in the temperature range of 100–700 °C, but the strength level drops significantly (approximately 300–500 MPa) at above 700 °C. The stability region shifts to the lower temperature range of 100–600°Cfor the EBMed specimens, and strength starts to decrease at 600 °C. Both specimens experience fracture in a cold‐temperature regime but exhibit a high strain tolerance of approximately 0.4. The SLMed samples display a completely brittle behavior at a warm temperature regime, whereas, the EBMed specimens demonstrate better formability, tolerating higher compressive strains. The softening fraction substantially increases at high temperatures, indicating safe domains for thermomechanical processing of additively manufactured Ti6242 alloy.
Modular Pressure Redistribution Cushion with Proprioceptive Soft–Rigid Hybrid Actuator
Authors: Peng Guangshuai , Wang Lizhen , Tian Shan , Fan Yubo
Published: November 2023

Pressure ulcers, which can result from prolonged sitting, pose a significant challenge for wheelchair users. Soft robotics has considerable potential in preventing pressure ulcers. However, current soft robotics, constructed from flexible materials, face limitations including insufficient proprioception and controllability. Herein, a vacuum‐powered proprioceptive soft–rigid hybrid actuator (PSHA) module and a modular pressure redistribution cushion (MPRC) developed using this module are introduced. This PSHA module is capable of detecting both position and force. Each module within the MPRC is equipped with onboard control, proprioceptive sensation, and inter‐module communication. The MPRC incorporates a closed‐loop control system, enabling it to actively redistribute pressure, thereby preventing prolonged compression of local soft tissue during periods of inactivity. The proposed PSHA module, as evidenced in its application in pressure redistribution cushions, offers a promising approach for designs intent on reducing the risk of pressure ulcers. This study significantly contributes to the advancement of assistive technology, with the potential to enhance the quality of life for individuals with immobility or limited mobility.
Electric Field Enhanced Ammoxidation of Aldehydes Using Supported Fe Clusters Under Ambient Oxygen Pressure
Authors: Wang Chao , Li Jialu , Shao Tianyu , Zhang Dongsheng , Mai Yuanqiang , Li Yongwang , Besenbacher Flemming , Niemantsverdriet Hans , Rosei Federico , Zhong Jun , Su Ren
Published: November 2023

Heterogeneous catalytic ammoxidation provides an eco‐friendly route for the cyanide‐free synthesis of nitrile compounds, which are important precursors for synthetic chemistry and pharmaceutical applications. However, in general such a process requires high pressures of molecular oxygen at elevated temperatures to accelerate the oxygen reduction and imine dehydrogenation steps, which is highly risky in practical applications. Here, we report an electric field enhanced ammoxidation system using a supported Fe clusters catalyst (Fe/NC), which enables efficient synthesis of nitriles from the corresponding aldehydes under ambient air pressure at room temperature (RT). A synergistic effect between the external electric field and the Fe/NC catalyst promotes the ammonia activation and the dehydrogenation of the generated imine intermediates and avoids the unwanted backwards reaction to aldehydes. This electric field enhanced ammoxidation system presents high efficiency and selectivity for the conversion of a series of aldehydes under mild conditions with high durability, rendering it an attractive process for the green synthesis of nitriles with fragile functional groups.