bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Una metodología educativa para estudiar la cultura como eje estructural del desarrollo del emprendimiento
Authors: Romanenko Elena V. , Yaluner Elena V. , Strinkovskaya Anastasia S. , Loubochkin Michael M. , Kurochkina Anna Al.
Published: January 2021

Esta investigación tiene como objetivo elaborar un enfoque sistémico y holístico del desarrollo del espíritu empresarial, en relación con la compleja interacción de factores culturales y económicos. Los objetivos de la investigación incluyen proponer un nuevo paradigma económico y cultural para estudiar el espíritu empresarial y fundamentar la disposición sobre la naturaleza endógena de la relación entre cultura y empresa. La hipótesis de investigación implica el supuesto de que la cultura económica debe considerarse como un marco de apoyo de una sola realidad económica, y la cultura empresarial debe considerarse como la estructura principal de los modelos de comportamiento empresarial. Los métodos de investigación se basan en el análisis y la comparación de las teorías convencionales y alternativas, en cuyo marco se formaron las ideas sobre la actividad empresarial. Se propuso una metodología alternativa que surgió bajo la influencia del giro cognitivo-cultural en las ciencias sociales basada en la complementariedad de los enfoques estructural-funcional y comunicativo-semántico. El significado conceptual de esta metodología es aclarar el papel de la cultura como factor vertebrador en el desarrollo de la actividad emprendedora. La relevancia del estudio está determinada por el cambio en la naturaleza y los mecanismos de las actividades empresariales, el creciente papel de la cultura en la economía y la falta de enfoques teóricos y metodológicos satisfactorios.
СИСТЕМНЫЙ ПОДХОД К ПРОБЛЕМЕ МОТИВАЦИИ ПЕРСОНАЛА
Authors: Гарькуша Валентина Николаевна , Чвикалова Наталья Александровна
Published: January 2021

Проанализирован системный подход к проблеме мотивации персонала на основе использования модели организационных взаимосвязей Мак-Кинзи «7S». Рассмотрены важнейшие факторы данной модели. Показана связь стратегии развития и функционирования организации и системы мотивации персонала. Установлено, что в современных условиях экономического развития для большинства организаций приоритетным направлением их развития является разработка и внедрение инноваций, что целесообразно закрепить в стратегии организации и в разрабатываемых системах мотивации персонала.
Thematic Analysis of Studies on Mathematics Teaching Anxiety
Authors: Gerez Cantimer Gülşah
Published: January 2021

The aim of this study is to examine studies on mathematics teaching anxiety thematically. For this purpose, 44 research articles on mathematics teaching anxiety published between 2000-2020 were examined. Studies were collected through document review and evaluated in terms of publication year, sample type, method, data collection tools, purpose and results. The data obtained was analyzed with the method of content analysis and presented in tables and graphs together with their frequencies. As a result of the study, it was determined that the most studies on mathematics teaching anxiety were conducted between 2018-2020, more studies were carried out with pre-service teachers, quantitative research methods were used more, and scale was mostly preferred as a measurement tool. The differences and similarities between the studies were determined by their purposes and results, and suggestions were made for further studies.
sciMAP-ATAC v2
Authors: Adey Andrew , Thornton Casey
Published: January 2021

High-throughput single cell genomic assays resolve the heterogeneity of cell states in complex tissues, however, the spatial orientation within the network of interconnected cells is lost. As cell localization is a necessary dimension in understanding complex tissues and disease states, we present a tool for highly scalable spatially-resolved single cell profiling of chromatin state. We use high density multiregional sampling to perform single-cell combinatorial indexing on Microbiopsies Assigned to Positions for the Assay for Transposase Accessible Chromatin (sciMAP-ATAC) to produce single-cell data of equivalent quality to non-spatial single-cell ATAC-seq.
Variation in Language Use across Gender
Authors: Alhabuobi Thanaa
Published: January 2021

This paper investigates the differences in language use across gender. This current paper accounts for this verity of use within several linguistic features. On the one hand, prestige and conformity are analyzed to determine how the two genders differ according to these two aspects. On the other hand, linguistic features: lexicon, sound production "phonology", were discussed in the light of the difference across gender. The aim was to state explanations of the existence of these differences. The outcomes of this analytical and descriptive research showed that men and women use language differently.
English Teachers’ Perspectives on Using Music in English Language Teaching in Thai Secondary Schools
Authors: Xi Xiaowei
Published: January 2021

The present study aimed to 1) investigate English teachers’ perspectives on using music in English teaching in Thai secondary schools; and 2) explore the problems teachers met while using music to teach English in Thai secondary schools. Participants in the present study were 55 English teachers from different secondary schools in central Bangkok, Thailand. The instrument for the current study was a questionnaire which included 24 Likert-scale items about teachers’ perspectives involving the attitudes, beliefs, intentions and problems of using music in English teaching, and one open-ended question asking about the problems teachers met while using music in their English teaching. Results from the quantitative data of the current study revealed the significantly positive attitudes and beliefs of the English teachers in Thai secondary schools on using music in English teaching, however, the results of open-ended question mismatched with the teachers’ attitudes and beliefs, which indicated that teachers actually did not use music in their English teaching frequently. The reasons and recommendations for future research have been discussed.
The Kinds of the Linguistic Interference
Authors: Baghirova Sayana Movsum
Published: January 2021

In the scientific literature, the symbols L1 (Language 1) and L2 (Language 2) are used to indicate the sequence of languages. In most countries, L1 is understood as a first language, and it usually coincides with the mother tongue. The other languages are learned later. This can be seen in the children of multilingual parents. Teaching a second foreign language covers everything a student hears and sees in a new language. This includes a variety of discourse activities, such as exchanges in restaurants and shops, talking to friends, reading billboards and newspapers, as well as teacher-student attitudes in the classroom, as well as language activities and books in the classroom. Regardless of the learning environment, the learner's goal is to master a target language. The learner starts the task of learning a second language from scratch (or close to it) and uses the necessary language skills in the mother tongue to determine the reciprocity of language units in the target language.
The Impact of the Mechanism of Projection on Methods of Education in Great Expectations
Authors: Wu Le
Published: January 2021

Miss Havisham and Magwitch, who lead tragic life but adopt different manners of the mechanism of projection-egoistic manner and altruistic manner, bring about large distinction between their methods of education and exert vital influences on Estella’s and Pip’s fates in Great Expectations written by Charles Dickens. This paper aims to analyze the impact of ego’s defence mechanism represented by the mechanism of projection on methods of education. Besides analyzing Miss Havisham’s and Magwitch’s life experiences for the purpose of discovering motives of their mechanisms of projection, this paper would also explore influences of their methods of education on Estella’s and Pip’s characters.
On the English Translation Strategy of Science Fiction from Humboldt's Linguistic Worldview —Taking the English Translation of Three-Body Problem as an Example
Authors: Gao Jiali , Hua Yan
Published: January 2021

In recent years, many science fictions have been published, such as The Three-body Problem, The Wandering Earth, and so on. The number of people who are interested in science fiction is increasing. Meanwhile, the translation of science fiction has become more important. The Linguistic Worldview proposed by Humboldt is of great importance to the translation of science fiction. This thesis is based on Linguistic Worldview. It analyzes The Three-body Problem (English version) and the importance of such theory to the translation of science fiction. It proposes three translation strategies: free translation, literal translation, and transcreation.
A Multimodal Discourse Analysis of English Posters in Violence Awareness Campaigns against Women
Authors: Belgrimet Souad , Rabab'ah Ghaleb
Published: January 2021

The present study seeks to delve into the intricacies of multimodal discourse analysis with regard to violence against women awareness campaign posters. To this end, a study is conducted on English posters. In this respect, the different semiotic modes adopted in English posters were put under scrutiny. Similarly, the study attempts to explore how the adoption of different semiotic modes may contribute to the construction of meaning when cooperating with language. To this end, three English posters were selected from different electronic sources and put under investigation. The qualitative analysis of the yielded results was couched with Kress and Van Leeuwen’s (2006) Visual Grammar framework. The findings indicate that English posters employed a variety of semiotic modes. By the same token, the yielded results indicate that the majority of the sampled posters are conceptual. Such visual characterization demonstrates that the English posters tend to be static and immovable.
Health Culture of a Teacher as a Condition and Opportunity for the Implementation of Health-Preserving Behavior in the Educational Environment
Authors: Torkachenko Y.V.
Published: January 2021

The article actualizes the question of the need to attract the attention of teachers to their own health, as a key condition for the implementation of health-preserving behavior at school. The article presents the results of a study aimed at studying patterns of behavior in the field of health of participants in educational relations. The study involved 84 teachers who took advanced training courses at RSAE SPE “Kamchatka Institute of educational development”, and 570 high school students (grades 9-11) Kamchatka the Region secondary schools. Questionnaires aimed at assessing patterns of behavior in relation to various aspects of health are adapted from the generalized scale of attitudes by I.N. Gurvich, transnational youth health studies (HBSC, ESPAD) and include the following indicators: screen time, use of psychoactive substances, sleep adequacy, eating behavior, physical activity. A comparative analysis of the patterns of behavior of the respondents of both groups was carried out; significant differences were assessed using the angular Fisher transformation. The data obtained is structured in accordance with the research question: are there differences in health-preserving and risky behaviors in the group of teachers and high school students? Taking into account the responsibility imposed by the state on teachers for the formation of a value attitude to health, we assume that in the field of teaching, risky behaviors in relation to various aspects of health are less common than among high school students. Comparative analysis shows that high school students and teachers alike have the same behaviors associated with health risks with regard to tobacco consumption, lack of sleep, and screen time at the computer (gadgets).Considering the fact that the teacher's attitude to his own health is decisive in the professional readiness for the implementation of health-preserving behavior at school, a contradiction arises between the responsibility assigned to the teacher to form a value-based attitude to health and the low culture of the teacher's health. From a practical point of view, the study of behavior patterns in the field of health contributes to the choice of effective ways to prevent ill-being in the school environment, as well as the effective solution of the problems of improving the qualifications of teachers.
Coping Strategies, Hardiness, and Sustainable Orientations of Students of The Inclusive Mixed Learning Environment With Different Self-Activation Level
Authors: Kulyatskaya M.G. , Kamin A.A.
Published: January 2021

The results of the study of hardiness, noetic orientations, coping strategies, self-activation in students at inclusive mixed learning environment are presented. We suggested that students of an inclusive mixed learning environment with a low level of self-activation will have a low scores of hardiness and noetic orientation. They choose non-constructive coping strategies more often comparing to students with high and average levels of self-activation. The study involved 115 students of the distance learning faculty of Moscow State University of Psychology & Education: 58 students without disabilities and 57 students with disabilities. Students completed the COPE Inventory for analysis of the main coping strategies, Hardiness Survey, Self-Activation Questionnaire, and Noetic Orientation Test. It was shown that all scores in students with and without disabilities at different years of study were equally distributed. It was revealed that students with a low level of self-activation were characterized by a decrease in all the characteristics of hardiness, meaning of life, they also often choose non-constructive coping strategies in contrast to students with a high level of self-activation. Students with an average level of self-activation are distinguished by an average level of hardiness, life meaning, they choose both non-constructive and proactive strategies. Dividing our sample according to self-activation levels made it possible to detect and analyze different structures of the relationships between characteristics under study. The results can form the basis for psychological and pedagogical practice dealing with different students groups, regardless of presence or absence of disability, but depending on their self-activation development.
Covid-19 with chemoradiotherapy for esophageal cancer. Clinical case
Authors: Sultanbaev А. V. , Musin S. I. , Menshikov К. V. , Izmaylov А. А.
Published: January 2021

In a pandemic of a new coronovirus infection, patients with malignant neoplasms fall into a special risk group. A clinical case of COVID-19 infection in a patient receiving chemoradiotherapy is presented. The patient received chemoradiotherapy for esophageal cancer and was suspended due to the development of leukopenia. On the 2nd day after discharge from the hospital, the patient developed symptoms of SARS. According to computed tomography signs of viral pneumonia, according to PCR smear revealed RNA of coronavirus SARS (SARS-CoV-2). The patient underwent antiviral, anticoagulant, antibacterial therapy, hematopoietic stimulants, glucocorticosteroids, and immunosuppressant. Conducted CT control in dynamics. On day 14, an improvement was noted, normalization of body temperature, according to CT data on day 14, the volume of lung damage decreased from 45% to 10%, smears on RARS coronavirus RNA (SARS-CoV-2) on 5.10, 14 days after hospitalization were negative. On the 18th day, the patient was discharged with recovery under the supervision of a therapist and continued antitumor treatment. A clinical case demonstrates a successful recovery from COVID-19 against the background of chemoradiotherapy for esophageal cancer complicated by lymphopenia and leukopenia.
Targeted therapy in the treatment of HER-2 positive breast cancer with brain metastases
Authors: Naskhletashvili David R. , Roshchina K. E. , Gorbunova V. A. , Gasparyan T. G. , Bychkov M. B. , Bekyashev A. H. , Karakhan V. B. , Moskvina E. A. , Aleshin V. A. , Belov D. M. , Mitrofanov A. A. , Prozorenko E. V. , Pogosova A. A.
Published: January 2021

Metastatic damage to the brain is a frequent manifestation in tumors of various localizations, including breast cancer. Until recently, systemic therapy of metastatic brain damage was of limited use; however, with the advent of targeted drugs that are better understood in terms of the specific molecular targets and biological characteristics of metastases, it is now possible to improve treatment results. In an analysis of the results of studies on the problem of metastasis of breast cancer in the brain, a comparison of the use of various targeted drugs in the treatment of metastatic HER2 + breast cancer is presented. The results of a comparison of the degrees of effectiveness of targeted drugs, both in monotherapy and in combination with chemotherapy, were obtained and analyzed.
Evolution of surgical treatment of vulvar cancer: a literature review
Authors: Menshikov Konstantin V.
Published: January 2021

In the structure of gynecological oncological pathology, vulvar cancer is located after cancer of the body of the uterus, cervix, and ovaries. The first publications on the surgical treatment of vulvar cancer date back to the second half of the 19th century. In the works of surgeons F. J. Taussig (1949) and S. Way (1960), radical vulvectomy with regional lymphadenectomy became a method of treating patients with invasive squamous cell carcinoma of the vulva. With this aggressive approach, sufficiently high levels of five-year survival of patients with vulvar cancer were achieved up to 90% in a localized process, and up to 50% in the presence of metastases in regional lymph nodes. In the 1980s and 1990s, the transition from ultra-radical operations to economical, sparing ones became possible because of factors such as the introduction of the sentinel lymph node determination method. Ramon M. Cabanas in the 1960s first coined the term sentinel of signal lymph node. Surgical treatment for vulvar cancer has evolved over time, from extended, ultra-radical surgeries to a more individualized, conservative surgical approach, including widespread local excision with sentinel lymph node (SLN) detection instead of extended surgeries for early vulvar cancer. The evolution of the surgical treatment of vulvar cancer over the years is undoubtedly associated with the developments of the surgical technique, understanding of the biology of tumor growth, and radiation medicine along with the possibilities of drug therapy. The transition from simple tumor excision to extended, ultra-radical operations with inguinal-femoral, retroperitoneal, and pelvic lymphadenectomy made it possible to achieve good survival rates for this group of patients. In any case, further research is required to understand the adequate scope of surgical treatment for vulvar cancer.
Discussion issues of management of pregnant women with thrombocytopenia
Authors: Mysik Olga L.
Published: January 2021

The study of the pathogenesis of thrombocytopenia during pregnancy remains a very important problem, since hemostatic abnormalities continue to occupy one of the leading places among the causes of infertility, miscarriage and a large number of perinatal complications. Pregnant women with thrombocytopenia constitute a risk group for the development of bleeding events and thrombotic complications during pregnancy, in childbirth, and in the postpartum period. This article reviews literature data on the pathogenic causes of thrombocytopenia during pregnancy and on the main methods of treatment of the disease.
New coronavirus infection and pregnancy
Authors: Oganyan Kristina A. , Shalepo Kira V. , Savicheva Alevtina M. , Bespalova Olesya N. , Kogan Igor Yu.
Published: January 2021

The novel coronavirus infection (COVID-19), first reported in Wuhan, China in December 2019, is dangerous for pregnant women, and the probability of infection is the same as in the general population. COVID-19 may be transmitted from person to person through two different routes: airborne and direct contact. Diagnosis of COVID-19 requires the detection of SARS-CoV-2 RNA by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction. The main biomaterial for laboratory research is discharge from the nasopharynx and (or) oropharynx. The incubation period for COVID-19 is thought to last from 2 to 14 days, with a median time of 45 days. The causative agent of COVID-19 can be detected in the upper respiratory tract 12 days before and within 714 days after the onset of symptoms. The disease can occur with mild-to-moderate severity, and manifests itself as a respiratory infection (runny nose, sore throat, low-grade fever, with no viral pneumonia and hypoxia). Severe COVID-19 may develop pneumonia, respiratory distress syndrome, sepsis, septic shock, cardiomyopathy, arrhythmia, renal failure, and other complications up to multiple organ failure. Pregnant women with COVID-19 may have complications of pregnancy, such as miscarriage, premature discharge of amniotic fluid, and premature birth. There are no reports of vertical transmission, but some newborns develop intrauterine growth retardation and life-threatening gastrointestinal complications. Thus, pregnant women with a confirmed diagnosis or suspicion of COVID-19 are at high risk for developing pregnancy complications and adverse perinatal outcomes. Currently, information is being collected on COVID-19 cases in pregnant women, the course of infection, and perinatal outcomes.
Analysis of the provision of mental health services in orphanages for children with neurodevelopmental disabilities in Russia
Authors: Bitova Anna L. , Portnova Anna A. , Sivolap Yury P. , Kolomina Oksana A. , Novikov Artem Yu. , Khasanov Timur B.
Published: January 2021

Aim. The aim of this study was to analyze the main problems of provision of mental health services in orphanages for children with neurodevelopmental disabilities in Russia.
Methods. A cohort cross-sectional study was conducted in 23 orphanages, in which 2853 pupils live.
Results. There was determined a structure of psychotic disorders among children of psycho-neurological orphanages. Prevalence of mental disorders among this group was: mild intellectual disability 56 (1.96%) people, moderate intellectual disability 967 (33.89%), severe intellectual disability 1079 (37.82%), profound intellectual disability 429 (15.04%). Clinical and psychopathological examination of 1730 pupils was carried out. The most prominent problems of psychiatric care in in orphanages for children with neurodevelopmental disabilities were identified as: inconsistency of the psychiatric diagnosis and the actual condition of the child 289 (16.71%), a mismatch between the prescribed psychopharmacotherapy and the clinical picture 378 (21.85%), polypharmacy 344 (19.88%, or 35.61% of all receiving psychopharmacotherapy).
Conclusion. The necessity of developing non-pharmacological approaches in tackling the problems associated with the provision of mental health services in orphanages was shown.
FINANCIAL PERFORMANCE EVALUATION OF TURKISH BASIC METAL INDUSTRY: COMBINING AHP AND TOPSIS
Authors: SARIYER Görkem , ACAR Ece
Published: January 2021

Financial performance evaluation is crucial for competitive business world. Steel and iron industry is both high-tech heavy machine and labor-intensive industry, which makes it operating in a highly competitive environment. Therefore, the aim of this study is to evaluate the financial performance of Turkish steel and iron sector. For this aim, financial ratios of 17 basic metal industry firms listed in Borsa Istanbul in 2017 are calculated. Liquidity, efficiency, profitability and capital structure ratios are considered as main criteria of financial performance. By using Analytical Hierarchic Process (AHP), these criteria and related sub-criteria of each of them are assessed and weighted. These weights are then used in Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution (TOPSIS) for ranking. Obtained ranking is compared with ranking based on companies’ closing prices and results reveal that for 15 companies (88.235%) two rankings are very close. Therefore, it is concluded that combining AHP and TOPSIS should be used in financial performance evaluation.
Yalnızçam Uğurludağ Kış Sporları Turizm Merkezinin Potansiyeli ve Bölge Ekonomisine Etkisine Yönelik Paydaş Görüşlerinin Değerlendirilmesi
Authors: AKKUŞ Gülizar , GÜÇTEMUR Semra
Published: January 2021

Ardahan Yalnızçam Uğurludağ bölgesi, sahip olduğu doğal çekicilik sebebiyle hem Kültür ve Turizm Koruma ve Gelişim

Bölgesi (KTKGB) ilan edilmiş hem de kış turizmi gelişim koridorunda yer bulmuştur. Türkiye turizm gelişim stratejilerinde unutulmayan bu bölge, henüz beklenen ivmeyi yakalayamamış ve bölge ekonomisine beklenen katkı sağlanamamıştır. Bu sebeple bu araştırmada destinasyon paydaşları ile kış sporları turizm merkezinin mevcut durumu, sahip olduğu potansiyel ve bölge ekonomisine katkı derecesi görüşülmüştür. Araştırmada derinlemesine görüşme tekniklerinden standartlaştırılmış açık uçlu görüşme tekniği benimsenmiştir. Görüşme soruları oluşturulurken Tuncer ve Fırat’ın (2017) çalışmasından faydalanılarak, dokuz sorudan oluşan bir görüşme formu hazırlanmıştır. Amaçlı örnekleme yöntemlerinden maksimum çeşitlilik örneklemesi seçilmiş ve örnekleme dâhil edilen tüm katılımcılar Ardahan ili turizmine yön vermede aktif rol oynayan kişilerden seçilmiştir. Araştırma kapsamında toplam 11 kamu ve özel sektör paydaşı ile yüz yüze görüşülmüştür. Görüşmeler 15-18 Ocak 2019 tarihleri arasında gerçekleştirilmiştir. Araştırma sonucunda destinasyonun yaşam eğrisini sağlıklı bir şekilde devam ettirebilmesi için faydalı olabilecek yönetsel önerilerde bulunulmuştur.
Therapeutic effect of secretome from TNF-α stimulated mesenchymal stem cells in an experimental model of corneal limbal stem cell deficiency
Authors:   School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, Shandong Province, China; Shandong Eye Institute, Qingdao 266071, Shandong Province, China, Di Guo-Hu , Xu Jing ,   School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, Shandong Province, China, Yu Chao-Qun ,   School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, Shandong Province, China, Cao Qi-Long ,   Qingdao Haier Biotech Co. Ltd., Qingdao 266071, Shandong Province, China, Xing Zhi-Jun ,   Qingdao Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine (Qingdao Hiser Hospital), Qingdao 266033, Shandong Province, China, Li Zhi-Chao ,   Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, Shandong Province, China
Published: January 2021

AIM: To explore the secretome efficacy in tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α stimulated mouse mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) in a murine model of corneal limbal alkali injury.
METHODS: Corneal limbal stem cell deficiency (LSCD) was created in the eyes of male C57 mice. Concentrated conditioned medium from TNF-α stimulated MSCs (MSC-CMT) was applied topically for 4wk, with basal medium and conditioned medium from MSCs as controls. Corneal opacification, corneal inflammatory response, and corneal neovascularization (NV) were evaluated. Corneal epithelial cell apoptosis, corneal conjunctivation, and inflammatory cell infiltration were assessed with TUNEL staining, CK3 and Muc-5AC immunostaining, and CD11b immunofluorescence staining, respectively. The effect of TSG-6 was further evaluated by knockdown with short hairpin RNA (shRNA).
RESULTS: Compared to the controls, topical administration of MSC-CMT significantly ameliorated the clinical symptoms of alkali-induced LSCD, with restrained corneal NV, reduced corneal epithelial cell apoptosis, and inhibition of corneal conjunctivation. In addition, MSC-CMT treatment significantly reduced CD11b+ inflammatory cell infiltration, and inhibited the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-1β, TNF-α and IL-6). Furthermore, the promotion of corneal epithelial reconstruction by MSC-CMT was largely abolished by TSG-6 knockdown.
CONCLUSION: Our study provides evidence that MSC-CMT enhances the alleviation of corneal alkali injuries, partially through TSG-6-mediated anti-inflammatory protective mechanisms. MSC-CMT may serve as a potential strategy for treating corneal disorders.
Effect of luteolin on apoptosis and vascular endothelial growth factor in human choroidal melanoma cells
Authors:   Nanchang University, Nanchang 330000, Jiangxi Province, China; Jiangxi Province Blood Center, Nanchang 330052, Jiangxi Province, China; Jiangxi Research Institute of Ophthalmology & Visual Sciences, Nanchang 330006, Jiangxi Province, China, Shi Meng-Lin , Liao Hong-Fei ,   Nanchang University, Nanchang 330000, Jiangxi Province, China; Jiangxi Research Institute of Ophthalmology & Visual Sciences, Nanchang 330006, Jiangxi Province, China; Department of Ophthalmology, the Affiliated Eye Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang 330000, Jiangxi Province, China
Published: January 2021

AIM: To investigate the effects of luteolin on apoptosis, the cell cycle, and the expression and secretion of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in human choroidal melanoma cells (C918 and OCM-1).
METHODS: C918 and OCM-1 cells cultured in vitro were treated with various concentrations of luteolin (0, 5, 10, 15 μmol/L). Cell growth was observed with an inverted microscope, and cell cycle arrest was detected by propidium iodide (PI) staining using flow cytometry. Apoptosis was detected by Hoechst33342 staining, and apoptosis rate was determined by Annexin V-FITC/PI experiments using flow cytometry. The expression of apoptosis-related proteins Bcl-2, Bax and VEGF was analyzed using Western blots. The levels of VEGF secreted by the cells into the supernatant was analyzed using ELISA.
RESULTS: After treating with 5 to 15 μmol/L luteolin for 48h, the fusion degree of C918 and OCM-1 cells decreased, and more floating apoptotic cells appeared. Luteolin treatment increased the G0-G1 phase ratio of the C918 and OCM-1 cells, blocked cell cycle progression, and increased the apoptosis rate of the C918 and OCM-1 cells. Western blot showed that luteolin decreased the expression of Bcl-2 and VEGF in the C918 and OCM-1 cells and increased the expression of Bax protein. The ELISA results showed that 10 to 15 μmol/L luteolin decreased the cell secretion of VEGF.
CONCLUSION: Luteolin may induce apoptosis by regulating the levels of apoptosis-related proteins in C918 and OCM-1 cells. Luteolin can induce cell cycle arrest, decrease the expression of VEGF.
Protective effects of human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells on retinal ganglion cells in mice with acute ocular hypertension
Authors:   Department of Ophthalmology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou 510630, Guangdong Province, China; Department of Ophthalmology, Shenzhen Hospital, Southern Medical University, Shenzhen 518100, Guangdong Province, China, Liu Rui , Yang Hong ,   Department of Ophthalmology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou 510630, Guangdong Province, China, Sha Xiao-Yuan ,   Department of Ophthalmology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou 510630, Guangdong Province, China, Yu Guo-Cheng ,   Department of Ophthalmology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou 510630, Guangdong Province, China, Liu Lian ,   Department of Ophthalmology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou 510630, Guangdong Province, China, Zhong Jing-Xiang ,   Department of Ophthalmology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou 510630, Guangdong Province, China
Published: January 2021

AIM: To observe the protective effect of human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells (hucMSCs) on retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) injury in mice with acute ocular hypertension (AOH).
METHODS: Fifty-six adult male C57BL/6 mice were randomly divided into four groups: normal group, AOH group, hucMSCs group, normal saline (NS) group. Left eye of mice was induced by 90 mm Hg intraocular pressure for 1h to establish AOH model. hucMSCs 1×105/µL, 1 µL or NS 1 µL was injected into the vitreous body the next day. CM-Dil fluorescent dye was used to label the 3rd generation of hucMSCs, for tracing the cells in the vitreous cavity of mice. Seven days after the model established, hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining was used to observe the thickness of the inner retina layer in four groups. Numbers and loss rate of RGCs were evaluated by counting Brn-3a positive cells stained by immunofluorescencein.
RESULTS: On the 7th day after AOH established, labeled hucMSCs were found in the vitreous cavity. HE staining showed that the thickness of retinal inner layer in AOH group was significantly lower than that in normal group and hucMSCs group (P<0.05), same as that in NS group (P>0.05). Compared with AOH group, the RGCs in normal group was significantly higher; RGCs number increased in hucMSCs group and the loss rate was lower (P<0.05). Injection of NS had no protective effect on RGCs.
CONCLUSION: In AOH mouse model, vitreous injection of hucMSCs have shown a protection for RGCs.
Expression and role of specificity protein 1 and collagen I in recurrent pterygial tissues
Authors:   Department of Ophthalmology, Anhui No.2 Provincial People’s Hospital, Hefei 230041, Anhui Province, China, Shi Chun-Sheng , Shu Na ,   Department of Ophthalmology, Anhui No.2 Provincial People’s Hospital, Hefei 230041, Anhui Province, China, Jiang Li-Li ,   Department of Ophthalmology, Anhui No.2 Provincial People’s Hospital, Hefei 230041, Anhui Province, China, Jiang Bo ,   Department of Ophthalmology, Anhui No.2 Provincial People’s Hospital, Hefei 230041, Anhui Province, China
Published: January 2021

AIM: To investigate the expression profiles of the transcription factor specificity protein 1 (Sp1) and collagen I in recurrent pterygial tissues. What is more, to compare the changes of Sp1 and collagen I among primary pterygial tissue, recurrent pterygial tissue and conjunctival tissue.
METHODS: In the prospective study, we collected the pterygial tissues of 40 patients who underwent resection of primary pterygial tissue and recurrent pterygial tissue, and the conjunctival tissues of 10 patients with enucleation due to trauma. The relative expression levels of Sp1 and collagen I were analyzed by reverse transcription quantitative-polymerase chain reaction and Western blot. Paired t-test was performed to compare the Sp1 and collagen I of recurrent pterygial tissues, as well as the primary pterygial tissues and conjunctival tissues. In further, Pearson’s hypothesis testing of correlation coefficients was used to compare the correlations of Sp1 and Collagen I.
RESULTS: The content of Sp1 and collagen I mRNA and protein was significantly greater in recurrent pterygial tissue than that was in primary and conjunctival tissue (P<0.05). There was a positive correlation between the mRNA and protein levels of Sp1 and collagen I in recurrent pterygial tissues (protein: r=0.913, P<0.05; mRNA: r=0.945, P<0.05).
CONCLUSION: Sp1 and collagen I are expressed in normal conjunctival, primary, and recurrent pterygial tissues, but expression is significantly greater in the latter. Sp1 and collagen I may be involved in the regulation of the development of recurrent pterygium.
Objective visual quality one year after toric IOL implantation for correction of moderate and high corneal astigmatism
Authors:   Eye Hospital of China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100040, China, Zhong Hui , Wang Hui-Juan ,   Eye Hospital of China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100040, China, Wang Zhao-Yi ,   Eye Hospital of China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100040, China
Published: January 2021

AIM: To compare the objective visual quality after implantation of a toric intraocular lens (IOL) in order to correct moderate or high corneal astigmatism at the one year postoperative follow-up.
METHODS: From December 2017 to June 2018, 66 patients (90 eyes) with simple age-related cataract with regular corneal astigmatism greater than 1.5 D were enrolled in this prospective self-control study. The patients were implanted with Proming® toric IOL (model: AT3BH-AT6BH). The subjects were divided into moderate astigmatism group (46 eyes, 1.5-2.5 D) and high astigmatism group (44 eyes, >2.5 D). The uncorrected distance visual acuity, residual astigmatism and axial position of IOL were observed before operation, 3, 6mo and 1y after operation. Modulation transfer function cutoff (MTF cutoff), Strehl ratio (SR), object scatter index (OSI) were observed by OQAS II to evaluate the objective visual quality of patients.
RESULTS: There was no significant difference in UCVA, residual astigmatism, axial deviation, MTF cutoff, SR and OSI between moderate and high astigmatism group (all P>0.05). After 3mo, UCVA, MTF cutoff and SR were significantly increased (all P<0.05), residual astigmatism and OSI were significantly decreased (all P<0.05). After 3mo, all the indexes remained stable.
CONCLUSION: Proming toric IOL can effectively treat age-related cataract patients with moderate-to-high regular corneal astigmatism, correcting corneal astigmatism, improving UCVA, ensuring long-term stability in the capsule, and providing patients with better visual quality.
Association between risk factors and retinal nerve fiber layer loss in early stages of diabetic retinopathy
Authors:   School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, Jiangsu Province, China, Wan Zhong-Qi , Cui Min ,   Department of Human Anatomy, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, Jiangsu Province, China, Zhang Yong-Jie ,   Department of Human Anatomy, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, Jiangsu Province, China
Published: January 2021

AIM: To investigate the changes of retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) among normal individuals, diabetic patients without diabetic retinopathy (NDR) and non-proliferative diabetic retinopathy (NPDR), and explore the possible risk factors of early diabetic retinopathy (DR).
METHODS: In this cross-sectional study, 107 participants were divided in three groups. Totally 31 normal individuals (control group), 40 diabetic patients without DR (NDR group) and 36 patients with NPDR (NPDR group) were included. Optical coherence tomography (OCT) was used to detect RNFL thickness and other optic disc parameters among different groups. The potential association between RNFL loss and systemic risk factors were assessed for DR, including diabetes duration, body mass index (BMI), hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c), serum lipids, and blood pressure.
RESULTS: The average and each quadrant RNFL thickness were thinner in NPDR group compared to control group of the right (P=0.00, P=0.01, P=0.01, P=0.02, P=0.04) and left eyes (P=0.00, P=0.00, P=0.00, P=0.03, P=0.04). The average, superior and inferior RNFL thickness were thinner in NDR group compared to the NPDR group of the right (P=0.00, P=0.02, P=0.03) and left eyes (P=0.00, P=0.00, P=0.01). Diabetic duration was negatively correlated with the superior, inferior, and average RNFL thickness of the right (r=-0.385, P=0.001; r=-0.366, P=0.001; r=-0.503, P=0.000) and left eyes (r=-0.271, P=0.018; r=0.278, P=0.015; r=-0.260, P=0.023). HbA1c was negatively correlated with the superior, inferior, and average RNFL thickness of the right (r=-0.316 P=0.005; r=-0.414, P=0.000; r=-0.418, P=0.000) and left eyes (r= -0.367, P=0.001; r=-0.250, P=0.030; r=-0.393, P=0.000). Systolic pressure was negatively correlated with the inferior and average RNFL thickness of the right eye (r=-0.402, P=0.000; r=-0.371, P=0.001) and was negatively correlated with the superior and average RNFL thickness of the left eye (r=-0.264, P=0.021; r=-0.233, P=0.043).
CONCLUSION: RNFL loss, especially in the superior and inferior quadrants, may be the earliest structural change of the retina in diabetic patients, and is also associated with diabetic duration, HbA1c, and systolic pressure.
Current status of emergency treatment of chemical eye burns in workplaces
Authors:   Faculty of Health Department of Human Medicine, Occupational Medicine and Corporate Health Management, Witten/Herdecke University, Alfred-Herrhausen-Strabe 50, Witten 58448, Germany, Claassen Kevin , Broding Horst Christoph ,   Faculty of Health Department of Human Medicine, Occupational Medicine and Corporate Health Management, Witten/Herdecke University, Alfred-Herrhausen-Strabe 50, Witten 58448, Germany
Published: January 2021

Chemical eye burns present an avoidable, but frequent, occupational injury with potentially detrimental consequences for the quality of life and occupational rehabilitation of the injured. A periodical review of guidelines is required to assure the optimal emergency management. We reviewed the literature with emphasis on current German guidelines, primarily MEDLINE. If the crucial first-line measure, the injury prevention has failed and an eye burn has been sustained, the immediate and copious rinsing of the eye is the pivotal emergency treatment modality. Whereas the immediacy and sufficiency of the emergency rinsing are largely unanimous, there is an ongoing debate about the benefits and risks of specific rinsing solutions, and regular updates on guidelines and recommendations for the emergency treatment are warranted. The easiest and readily available rinsing solution is tap water, which fulfils the crucial criteria conveniently in most industrialized countries: purity, sterility, and neutral pH. Other rinsing solutions are proposing higher osmolality to stabilize the physiological pH, because of their superior buffering capacity. However, there is no compelling evidence for a substantial benefit, and some reports suggest that there could be unwanted side effects. In combination with the substantially increased expenditure and a more complex handling procedure, currently a general recommendation of any other solution than tap water is not warranted.
Identificação de guardiões e formação de um banco comunitário de sementes na Comunidade Chã da Bulandeira no Município de Jaçanã – RN
Authors: Santos Neto Manoel Modesto dos , Neves Anderson Ramon Araújo , Marques Francisco Roberto De Sousa , Vieira Montesquieu Da Silva , Gonçalves José Jean , Vieira José Marcio Da Silva
Published: January 2021

O projeto busca identificar os guardiões da agrobiodiversidade e implantar um banco comunitário de sementes crioulas na comunidade de Chã da Bulandeira, município de Jaçanã/RN, através da organização dos agricultores para o desenvolvimento de ações de conservação de sementes de milho, feijão e fava. A metodologia utilizada será desenvolvida de forma participativa, junto com os parceiros sociais e lideranças dos guardiões de sementes. Espera-se, com esse trabalho, a organização coletiva de um banco de sementes crioulas, a publicação de um artigo científico, a orientação de um Trabalho de Conclusão de Curso (TCC), além da divulgação da ação nas redes sociais e também em um programa na Rádio Comunitária FM Flores de Jaçanã-RN.
Educando e inovando nas tecnologias da informação verde através de 3r’s: reciclagem, reaproveitamento e robótica
Authors: Pereira Frederico Campos , Queiroz Giulliana Karla Lacerda Pereira , Souza José Anderson Rodrigues , Oliveira Jéssica Fernada Silva , Pontes Raquel Borges de , Oliveira José Roberto Soares
Published: January 2021

Nos últimos anos a produção de equipamentos tecnológicos aumenta a cada dia. Consequentemente, a gestão destes resíduos sólidos nas cidades tornou-se uma grande preocupação ambiental, pois na maioria das cidades brasileiras o lixo é descartado de forma inadequada. Por isso, surgiu a necessidade de fazer uma coleta seletiva de lixos eletrônicos na cidade de Pedras de Fogo-PB, com o intuito de, a partir destes materiais, confeccionar ferramentas pedagógicas para facilitar o processo de ensino aprendizagem. O caráter inovador está em integrar ações de educação ambiental, reaproveitamento de peças que possam ser utilizadas em aulas práticas e no incentivo do estudo da Robótica aplicada ao ensino infantil. O presente trabalho teve como objetivo, recolher materiais de lixo eletrônico e fazer o reaproveitamento das peças para aplicar no desenvolvimento de ferramentas pedagógicas. A coleta dos materiais foi feita em conjunto com os discentes da instituição, de modo seguro devido a pandemia do coronavírus, a ferramenta pedagógica chamasse Play TIGRRREEN. A finalidade da pesquisa é apresentar a importância de inovar no que se refere a materiais didáticos voltados a Robótica e Meio Ambiente e corroborar outras pesquisas nessa área.
Telemedicine in the Era of COVID-19 and Beyond
Authors: Alsaffar Hussain , Almamari Watfa , Al Futaisi Amna
Published: January 2021

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Acute Kidney Injuries in Children with Severe Malaria
Authors: Afolayan Folake M. , Adedoyin Olanrewaju T. , Abdulkadir Mohammed B. , Ibrahim Olayinka R. , Biliaminu Sikiru A. , Mokuolu Olugbenga A. , Ojuawo Ayodele
Published: January 2021

Objectives: Serum creatinine levels are often used to diagnose acute kidney injury (AKI), but may not necessarily accurately reflect changes in glomerular filtration rate (GFR). This study aimed to compare the prevalence of AKI in children with severe malaria using diagnostic criteria based on creatinine values in contrast to cystatin C. Methods: This prospective cross-sectional study was performed between June 2016 and May 2017 at the University of Ilorin Teaching Hospital, Ilorin, Nigeria. A total of 170 children aged 0.5–14 years old with severe malaria were included. Serum cystatin C levels were determined using a particle-enhanced immunoturbidmetric assay method, while creatinine levels were measured using the Jaffe reaction. Renal function assessed using cystatin C-derived estimated GFR (eGFR) was compared to that measured using three sets of criteria based on creatinine values including the Kidney Disease: Improved Global Outcomes (KDIGO) and World Health Organization (WHO) criteria as well as an absolute creatinine cut-off value of >1.5 mg/dL. Results: Mean serum cystatin C and creatinine levels were 1.77 ± 1.37 mg/L and 1.23 ± 1.80 mg/dL, respectively (P = 0.002). According to the KDIGO, WHO and absolute creatinine criteria, the frequency of AKI was 32.4%, 7.6% and 16.5%, respectively. In contrast, the incidence of AKI based on cystatin C-derived eGFR was 51.8%. Overall, the rate of detection of AKI was significantly higher using cystatin C compared to the KDIGO, WHO and absolute creatinine criteria (P = 0.003, <0.001 and <0.001, respectively). Conclusion: Diagnostic criteria for AKI based on creatinine values may not indicate the actual burden of disease in children with severe malaria.

Keywords: Biomarkers; Acute Kidney Injury; Renal Failure; Glomerular Filtration Rate; Cystatin C; Creatinine; Malaria; Nigeria.