bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Comparative assessment of antibacterial drugs used at the hos-pital level before and during COVID-19, according to the WHO AWaRe classification
Authors: Balapasheva Aigerim , Ziganshina Liliya , Mussina Aigul , Smagulova Gaziza , Kulnazarova Mariya , Balymbetova Lazzat
Published: September 2024

Background
This study presents a comprehensive analysis of antibiotic consumption in a dispensary hospital in Aktobe, Kazakhstan, from 2019 to 2021, utilizing the World Health Organization's (WHO) "Access, Watch, and Reserve" (AWaRe) classification.
Objective
The primary objective of this study was to assess the patterns of antibiotic use in the hospital and to determine the extent to which the AWaRe classification could be effectively implemented in Kazakhstan to guide optimal antibiotic use and establish performance targets.
Methods
The study analyzed data on the consumption of systemic antibacterial drugs in the dispensary hospital from 2019 to 2021. The usage of antibiotics was classified according to the WHO's AWaRe classification, which categorizes antibiotics into three groups: "Access," "Watch," and "Reserve."
Results
The study revealed a concerning trend in the irrational consumption of systemic antibiotics. There was a notable decrease in the use of "Access" antibiotics from 39.13% in 2019 to 22% in 2021, which is contrary to WHO recommendations. Conversely, the use of "Watch" antibiotics increased, particularly during the COVID-19 pandemic. The most commonly used antibiotics were cephalosporins, fluoroquinolones, and carbapenems.
Conclusion
The findings underscore the urgent need for implementing the AWaRe classification database in Kazakhstan to guide optimal antibiotic use, set performance targets, and establish a working group to monitor and control the prescription and use of antibacterial drugs. This study contributes to the global understanding of antibiotic consumption patterns and the challenges faced in adhering to international guidelines, particularly in the context of a pandemic.
Development of sessile oak (Quercus petraea (Matt.) Liebl.) seed coating material against rodents and evaluation of its performance on seed germination and emergence
Authors: Tandoğan Mesut , Özdemir Mehmet , Aslan Vedat , Hacıyusufoğlu Ahmet F. , Kul Ali Ayhan , Şen Emine , Polatoğlu Kaan , Oran Duygu Sultan , Arıcıoğlu Feyza , Turan İlhami , Atmaca Salih
Published: September 2024

Protection of sessile oak (Quercus petraea (Matt.) Liebl.) seeds, which are sown for various purposes such as artificial regeneration, afforestation, rehabilitation, seedling production, and seed supplementation in natural regeneration, from rodents is one of the factors affecting germination and emergence success. In this study, the effects of 12 natural or natural-identical substances (Foeniculum vulgare, Carthamus lanatus L., Ferulago confusa Velen, Heracleum sphandylium L. essential oils, Ferulic acid, 1,8-cineol, Benzothiazole, Capsaicin, Eugenol, Camphor, Pomarsol Forte + alumina powder, Diesel fuel + hair) of different origins—|thought to have a repellent effect—on the germination, emergence and survival characteristics of oak acorns were tested under laboratory and field conditions. The repellent effects of the substances on rodents were tested in the laboratory using the "Y-maze" test. Additionally, a new oak acorn coating equipment and coating method (using diatomaceous clay) was developed and applied to coat sessile oak acorns with these substances. As a result of the research, among the tested substances, Ferulago confusa and Foeniculum vulgare were recommended as rodent repellents due to their success in laboratory germination, field emergence and survival. İt was determined that the germination, emergence and survival percentages of the conventionally applied “Diesel fuel + hair” treatment were lower than the Control and other substances and it did not have a repellent effect on harmfuls.
The Effect of Intergenerational Care on Chinese Elderly’ s Mental Health from the Perspective of Social Role: The Moderating Effect of Care Intensity
Authors: Wang Ruolin , Li Yifei , Zhou Kai
Published: September 2024

Objectives: This study examines the influence of caring for grandchildren on Chinese elderly’s life satisfaction to elucidate the informal cultural institutions.
Background: Intergenerational care is an important mean for ensuring family security in China in the face of deficient childcare services. However, the impact of caregiving on grandparents’ quality of life is uncertain. This study bridged the role tension and role enhancement theories which were a pair of competitive hypothesesto explain the impact of intergenerational care.
Methods: This study used the China Longitudinal Aging Social Survey(http://class.ruc.edu.cn/) 2018 database obtained by probability sampling method and sorted out 5,773 eligible elderly samples. Multiple linear regressions and polynomial models were used to analyze the data. Endogeneity was solved through propensity score matching.
Results: The grandparents caring for grandchildren scored significantly high for life satisfaction. The relationship between the duration of care and the life satisfaction of grandparents was inversely U-shaped. Caring for grandchildren and advanced age elderly, such as respondents’ parents, inhibited the benefits of intergenerational care.
Conclusions: Caring for grandchildren moderately improves Chinese elderly’s quality of life. The intensity of care is an important factor determining the direction of the influence of intergenerational care on grandparents’ quality of life.
Implications: For the sake of the mental health of the elderly and family unity, the older adults should be ensured to care for their grandchildren under conditions of low care intensity and high care willingness.
Challenges and Solutions in Clustering Low-Resource Language Social Media Text: An Evaluation Using Unsupervised Algorithms
Authors: HOTI Mërgim , REXHEPI Avni , HOTI Arbër , REXHA Blerim
Published: September 2024

The challenge of data clustering, especially for text data in low-resource languages such as Albanian, is exacerbated by the lack of linguistic resources and research. This paper evaluates the performance of three unsupervised machine learning clustering algorithms: K-Means, DBSCAN, and HDBSCAN, on datasets sourced from social media posts in Albanian, where clients expressed their opinions about services of two local telecommunication companies: first and second company. The methodology involves comprehensive preprocessing steps: cleaning, tokenization, and vectorization using TF-IDF. The results indicate that the K-Means algorithm achieved optimal clustering with an accuracy of 70.1\% for the first company dataset and 76.4\% for the second company dataset. DBSCAN, though effective in identifying dense clusters, showed lower accuracy due to outliers. HDBSCAN improved data density clustering but had reduced overall effectiveness. The study concludes that while K-Means is reliable for clustering Albanian text data, the unique attributes of low-resource languages require further refinement.
The abundance and localization of environmental microplastics in gastrointestinal tract and muscle of Atlantic killifish (Fundulus heteroclitus)
Authors: Pitt Jordan A. , Gallager Scott M. , Youngs Sarah , Michel Anna P. M. , Hahn Mark E. , Aluru Neelakanteswar
Published: September 2024

Microplastics (MPs) have been found in a diverse range of organisms across trophic levels. While a majority of the information on organismal exposure to plastics in the environment comes from gastrointestinal (GI) data, the prevalence of MP particles in other tissues is not well understood. Additionally, many studies have not been able to detect the smallest, most prevalent, MPs (1 µm – 5mm) that are the most likely to distribute to tissues in the body. To address these knowledge gaps, MPs in the GI tract and muscle of Atlantic killifish (Fundulus heteroclitus) collected from two sites on Buzzards Bay, Cape Cod, MA were quantified down to 2 µm in size. Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy and Raman spectroscopy were used to identify all particles. Of the 2,008 particles analyzed in various fish tissue samples, only 3.4 % (69 particles) were identified as plastic; polymers included nylon, polyethylene, polypropylene, and polyurethane. MP abundance in the GI tract was greater than in the muscle. MPs detected in the GI tract samples also tended to be more diverse in both size and polymer type than those found in the muscle. We found that MPs <50 µm, which are often not analyzed in the literature, were the most common in both the GI tract and muscle samples. There was not a significant correlation between the MP content in the muscle compared to the GI tract, indicating that GI tract MP abundance cannot be used to predict non-GI tract tissue MP content; however, MP abundance in muscle correlated with fish total length, suggesting potential bioaccumulation of these small MPs.
IGFBP1 and routine laboratory Indicators for early prediction of pre-eclampsia in Chinese population
Authors: Qi Hongbo , Zhang Xiao , Li Jia , Hou Guixue , Zhou Niya , Zhao Zhiguang , Xu Wenqiu , Diao Zhuo , Qiu Zhixu , Chen Songchang , Xu Naixin , Zhao Qiang , Feng Suihua , Xiao Gefei , Qin Jie , Wei Fengxiang , Zhang Rui , Zhang Lanlan , Han Xu , Li Shuyuan , Chen Xinzhen , Zhou Wei , Chen Zhen , Wang Lan , Yang Huan , Gao Jie , sun Sun , Lin Liang
Published: September 2024

Early prediction of pre-eclampsia (PE) is crucial for timely intervention and medical monitoring. The accuracy of existing prediction models is limited, especially in the Chinese population. Here, we conducted a retrospective cohort analysis of 3,772 pregnancies from eight hospitals across China. Using ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (UHPLC-MS) and enzyme-linked immunoassay (ELISA) techniques, a novel biomarker IGFBP1 was identified in maternal plasma samples. Furthermore, white blood cell (WBC), platelet (PLT), monocyte count (MO#), gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), aspartate aminotransferase (AS)/alanine aminotransferase (AL), and uric acid (UA) were systemically evaluated as indicators from 90 routine laboratory tests. Machine learning model incorporating maternal factors, protein biomarkers, and laboratory indicators outperforming existing prediction model and validated in an external cohort (EPE: AUC 0.95, sensitivity 92.86%, specificity 90% and LPE: AUC 0.84, sensitivity 55.93%, specificity 90%). Those results suggest our study provide a novel protein biomarker and a valuable prediction strategy for early prediction and management of PE in the obstetric clinic.
Linking Chamber-Specific Spatial Chromatin Interactions to Disease Variants and Gene Programs in Human Cardiomyocytes
Authors: Gilsbach Ralf , Haydar Shaza , Bednarz Rebecca , Laurette Patrick , Pedrosa Nuria Díaz i , Videm Pavankumar , Lüneburg Tanja , Kuss Sabine , Lahm Harald , Dressen Martina , Krane Markus , Schmidt Constanze , Grüning Björn , Streckfussß-Bömeke Katrin
Published: September 2024

Cell-type specific gene expression programs and response to stimuli are modulated by cis-regulatory elements (CREs). CREs modulate the activity of spatially interacting gene promoters. Heart disease is a major cause of death worldwide. Here, we aim to decode CRE-promoter interactions in atrial and ventricular cardiomyocytes and link them to heart disease and genetic risk factors. Therefore, we analyze the epigenetic features and chromatin interactions of human atrial, ventricular, and failing cardiomyocytes (CM). In failing CM a limited number of genes, including NPPA, showed rewiring events orchestrating differential gene expression. Remarkably, we find that atrial and ventricular CM harbor chamber-specific chromatin interactions which are linked to gene expression indicating that chromatin organization underlies atrial and ventricular CM specification. The chamber-specific chromatin interactions also explain the contribution of non-coding genetic CRE variants to the occurrence of atrial and ventricular diseases, including atrial and ventricular arrhythmia. Functional silencing of CREs carrying genetic QT-duration risk factors confirmed their functional relevance.
Our human CM data demonstrates that cell type-specific chromatin interaction analysis provides crucial insights into regulatory mechanisms and aids the interpretation of genetic risk factors identified in patients and association studies.
Prediction of Neurological Outcomes after Treatment of Paraclinoid Aneurysms: A Modern Reappraisal of Microsurgical Techniques
Authors: Bocanegra-Becerra Jhon E. , Sánchez José Luis Acha , Montenegro Luis Contreras , Bellido Adriana , Contreras Shamir , Santos Oscar
Published: September 2024

Introduction: Microsurgery for paraclinoid aneurysms remains the first line of treatment in select limited-resource settings. The authors aimed to describe their institutional experience and evaluate predictors of good functional outcomes after microsurgical treatment of paraclinoid aneurysms.
Methods: A retrospective review of clinical records was conducted. Multivariate logistic regression assessed predictors of neurological outcomes.
Results: Fifty-six patients (80.4% female; mean 55.55 ± 11.27 years) with 80 brain aneurysms (72.5% paraclinoid aneurysms) were analyzed. Most paraclinoid aneurysms were located in the ophthalmic segment (53.5%), presented in a ruptured state (56.9%), measured 10-25 mm (65.5%), and had a wide neck [median: 5.2 mm (IQR: 3.07-48)]. The median time from symptom onset to intervention was five days (IQR: 2-20). Preoperative visual deficits were present in 51.8% of patients. Aneurysm repair involved clipping (87.5%) and clipping with bypass surgery (12.5%). Most cases were performed under a minipterional craniotomy (51.8%) and involved the use of extradural anterior clinoidectomy (71.4%), carotid control (92.9%), fluorescein video angiography (91.1%), and intraoperative doppler (89.3%).
An increasing Hunt and Hess score at presentation was associated with poor functional outcomes (OR: 0.25, 95% CI 0.03-0.745; p = 0.038). At the 6-month follow-up, 91.1% of patients had good outcomes, and 72.4% had improved visual outcomes.
Conclusions: The present series showcases the valuable role of microsurgical treatment for patients with paraclinoid aneurysms in contemporary times. Despite the challenges posed by the poor grade of subarachnoid hemorrhage and delayed intervention, proficiency in adjunct techniques remains essential to optimizing functional outcomes and minimizing surgical morbidity.
Plasmidome derived antibiotic resistome reveals the partitioning of different geographic regions and treatment compartments in the urban water systems
Authors: Yu Zhuofeng , He Wanli , Nesme Joseph , Klincke Franziska , Madsen Jonas Stenløkke , Kot Witold , Hansen Lars Hestbjerg , Dechesne Arnaud , Smets Barth , Sørensen Søren Johannes
Published: September 2024

Mobile genetic elements such as plasmids drive the dissemination and evolution of antibiotic resistance in the microbiome. And plasmid-mediated antibiotic resistance has been a growing concern in the wastewaters since urban water systems (UWSs) are known to breed and spread antibiotic resistance to the downstream rivers, which constitutes environmental exposure risks to human health. Here we investigated the plasmid derived antibiotic resistance at different treatment compartments in three comparable UWSs located in Spain, Denmark, and the United Kingdom using direct plasmid DNA metagenome sequencing. We assembled contigs (circular and linear) and removed chromosome ones using bioinformatic tools. Thereby, a plasmidome dataset was generated and analysed. We identified 225 different ARGs belonging to 180 groups of ARG families in the wastewater plasmidome. Genes conferring resistance to aminoglycoside, tetracycline, macrolide and phenicol drug contributed to more than half of the plasmidome resistome abundance across samples. The plasmid resistome richness and relative abundance detected in Spanish UWS samples were significantly (p < 0.05) higher than the other studied countries, which mirrors the remarkable domestic antibiotic use in Spain. And we only detected significant (p < 0.05) differences in ARG risk scores between the hospital and residential sewers in Spain. Meanwhile, different sewer compartments showed a partitioning role for the resistome richness and abundance distributions. Intriguingly, we perceived a group of shared ARGs among the three countries regardless of treatment stages. Further, ≥ 80% of ARG types in the wastewater treatment plants could be found in the sewer sources, which implies these ARGs were persistent in the UWSs. Overall, this study shed light on the plasmidome derived resistome as an integral part of the total resistome, and this resistome is shaped by geographic-regional and UWS-sectional variations in the UWS environment.
Analysing the Impact of Solar and Ultraviolet Radiations on Human Health and Agriculture: a Case Study of Nigerian and the Us Cities.
Authors: Olatona Gbadebo I. , Oyedokun Sherifdeen M.
Published: September 2024

This study aims to analyse the impact of solar and ultraviolet radiations on human health and agricultural productivity in Lagos, Ibadan, and New Richmond. Solar radiation is essential for warmth and photosynthetic activities by plants. However, excessive to both radiations can lead to harmful consequences on both animals and plants. Using wavelet analysis, the study examines patterns and trends in the hourly data of solar radiation as well as ultraviolet radiation from 1st of January, 2000 to 31st of December, 2020. The findings reveal significant correlations between levels of solar radiation and ultraviolet radiation and their health outcomes, such as skin cancer rates and vitamin D synthesis, as well as agricultural impacts like crop productivity and plant health in the study locations. These results highlight the need for tailored health interventions and agricultural practices to mitigate the adverse effects of radiation in the selected locations, such as, avoiding long stay in the sun in Lagos and Ibadan, and introduction of UV radiation enhanced plants in New Richmond.
Lorentzian contours for tree-level string amplitudes
Authors: Eberhardt Lorenz , Mizera Sebastian
Published: September 2024

We engineer compact contours on the moduli spaces of genus-zero Riemann surfaces that achieve analytic continuation from Euclidean to Lorentzian worldsheets. These generalized Pochhammer contours are based on the combinatorics of associahedra and make the analytic properties of tree-level amplitudes entirely manifest for any number and type of external strings. We use them in practice to perform first numerical computations of open and closed string amplitudes directly in the physical kinematics for n=4,5,6,7,8,9n=4,5,6,7,8,9. We provide a code that allows anyone to do such computations.
HAPUSHADIYAPANA BASTI: AN AYURVEDIC APPROACH TO HOLISTIC HEALTH
Authors:   P.G Scholar, Dept. of Panchakarma, Patanjali Bhartiya Ayurvigyan Evum Anusandhan Sansthan, Haridwar., Mishra Bhumika , Gupta Ruchi ,   Professor, Dept. of Panchakarma, Patanjali Bhartiya Ayurvigyan Evum Anusandhan Sansthan, Haridwar., Kumar Agrawal Atul ,   Assistant Professor, Dept. of Panchakarma, Patanjali Bhartiya Ayurvigyan EvumA nusandhan Sansthan, Haridwar.
Published: September 2024

Basti is a medical practice in Ayurveda when the medicine is administered anally. In ancient times, doctors would administer medicinal emesis using the urine bladders of sheep, cows, and buffalo. Acharya Charka consideredBasti as Ardha chikitsa invata Pradhan diseases.The closest aperture is the anus, and the main location of the vatadosha is the Pakwashaya (big intestine). Once excessive doshas are eliminated through the anus, the drug administered this way acts on the enlarged dosha to return it to a homeostatic state.For Vata kaphapradhan illnesses,Acharya Charaka has prescribed HapushadiYapana Basti.Both sickness and its symptoms can be cured with Basti.HapushadiYapana Basti, a subtype of Asthapana Basti, possesses the ability to nourish life and encourage longevity.Yapana Basti carries out both the Shodhana and Snehana functions, which are completed by Niruha and Sneha Basti, respectively. Swastha, Atura, and Vruddha all make reference to it, suggesting that it is a preventive, curative, and primordial practice. It can be given to all age groups and in all seasons at all times.
ANTI-INFLAMMATORY AND ANTI-APOPTOTIC THERAPEUTIC EFFECTS OF MESENCHYMAL STEM CELLS-DERIVED EXOSOMES ON THE PANCREAS OF STREPTOZOTOCIN-DIABETIC RATS
Authors:   Virology Department, Central Health Laboratory, Ministry of Health, Sulaimaniyah, Kurdistan, Iraq., Y. Khalil Dlovan ,   Department of Biology, College of Science, Slaimani University, Kurdistan, Iraq., H. Hussein Ridha ,   Department of Biology, College of Science, Slaimani University, Kurdistan, Iraq., M. El-Kholy Wafaa ,   Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt.
Published: September 2024

The rising prevalence and serious complications of type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM)have made it a huge challenge that significantly jeopardizes public health, with high morbidity resulting in poor quality of life.The safety and therapeutic excellence of cell-free exosomes(EXs) derived from mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) over MSCs transplantation suggested a novel perspective for DM and the treatment of its complications. The current design wasconducted toinvestigate the therapeutic potentialities of management in rats. For 4 consecutive weeks, 4rat groups were conducted as control, EXs, STZ-diabetic (D), and D+EXs groups. The results showed that the untreated diabetic rats exhibited marked hyperglycemia evidenced by elevated serum glucose and HbA1c levels and declined insulin and C-peptide levels compared to control rats. In addition, pancreatic tissues of the untreated diabetic rats revealed significant progression in oxidative stress (â†‘ MDA, H2O2, and NO), inflammation (â†‘ IL-6, TGF-Î², and TNF-Î±), and apoptotic statuses (â†‘annexin V, P53, caspase-3, and â†“Bcl-2) regarding control. However, all results reverted near to normal levels following intravenous injection of diabetic rats with a single dose of MSCs-EXs (500 Âµg/mL) compared to the untreated diabetics. These results were confirmed by the enhanced histological picture of diabetic rats pancreas, concerning the diabetic-untreated rats.The biochemical and flow cytometric assessments evidenced that diabetic rats treated with marked pancreatic regenerative anti-inflammatory, immunomodulation, antioxidant, and anti-apoptotic potentialities in counteracting the induced hyperglycemia.
USE OF INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY IN TEACHING LEARNING PROCESS IN HIGHER SECONDARY SCHOOL EDUCATION WITH RESPECT TO TEACHERS PERCEPTION
Authors:   Research Scholar, Department of Education, School of Education, Adamas University, Barasat, Kolkata, West Bengal., Mukherjee Rikta , Goon Ankhi ,   Assistant Professor, Department of Education, School of Education, Adamas University, Barasat, Kolkata, West Bengal., Mukherjee Shauli ,   Professor & Dean, Department of Education, School of Education, Adamas University, Barasat, Kolkata, West Bengal., Chandra Bhat Subhas ,   Associate Professor in Chemistry (WBES), Government College of Education, Banipur, North-24-Parganas, West Bengal.
Published: September 2024

Teaching-learning process in higher education is highly influenced by teachers perception of ICT use. However, the current education system in India is far from incorporating ICT use at a national level. The present study explored the perception of ICT use among 138(one hundred thirty-eight) teachers by administering a questionnaire. Results revealed that teachers perception of ICT use has six componentsnamely teaching effectiveness, quality of teaching, teaching support, innovative teaching, student engagement and technical accessibility. The perception of ICT use does not differ with respect to gender and academic backgrounds of the teachers. Present findings have implications in policy making related to ICT use in academic curriculum.There is rapid change in society. Growth and development of the society is associated with the advance application of technology (Daniels, 2002). Such growth depends upon our education sector performance. Today Information, Communication and Technology (ICT) is a detrimental part of the education sector and being considered as an essential skill like reading, writing and numeracy skill. Therefore, to be an effective learner student should have some expertise in ICT and it is very much essential tool in teaching and research (Yusuf, 2005). Now in the present context most of the academic activities the school is using information and communication technology tool for making the system smooth, error free and transparent (Davis & Tearle,1999 Lemke & Coughlin, 1998 Yusuf 2005). The use of ICT in elementary education has suddenly increase during coronaperiod but use of this technology in government school was not satisfactory.
FACTORS AFFECTING EGG QUALITY AND FUNCTIONAL PROPERTIES
Authors:   Research Unit of the Department of Nutrition and Agro-food Sciences, Faculty of Agronomy, University of Parakou, Republic of Benin., Polycarpe Ulbad Tougan ,   Unit of Nutrition and Animal Production Engineering, Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech, University of Liege, Belgium, Passage des Deportes 2-5030 Gembloux, Belgium., Andre Thewis ,   Unit of Nutrition and Animal Production Engineering, Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech, University of Liege, Belgium, Passage des Deportes 2-5030 Gembloux, Belgium.
Published: September 2024

Egg external and internal quality attributes are of great importance for egg industry worldwide. The current bibliographical analysis and review covers egg composition and factors affecting egg quality. Egg quality is generally measured as its shell quality and internal quality. The analysis of egg shell quality includes egg shell color (CIE L*, a*, b*), size, egg specific gravity, shell deformation, shell breaking strength, shell weight, shape index, shell percentage, shell thickness, and shell ultrastructure. The egg internal quality is measured as albumen quality, Haugh Unit, yolk color, the integrity of the perivitelline membrane, chemical composition of egg components and the egg functional properties. Factors that influence egg shell quality and egg internal quality are reviewed herein. Egg external quality can be affected by the strain and age of the avian resource, moult, feeding, feed quality, stress, disease, rearing system, or addition of food residues of egg producer to the diets. The egg internal quality depends on storage, avian species, strain, age, moult, nutritional condition, production system, disease and agro climatic conditions. A better knowledge and control of this range of factors that affect egg external and internal quality is very important and critical for good quality eggs production and egg product quality.
Work engagement and individual performance of teachers: The role of job demands and job resources
Authors: Korsakienė Renata , Stankeviciene Asta , Nawal Ayesha
Published: September 2024

This study aims to investigate factors impacting work engagement and individual performance of teachers. The survey-based quantitative approach was used. The sample comprised 455 teachers working in lower and upper secondary education institutions in Lithuania. The findings show that work engagement is a full mediator of the relationship between managerial support (β = 0.319), organizational support (β = 0.432), control (β = 0.374), colleague support (β = 0.456), work pressure (β = –.587), and task performance as the effect of work engagement on task performance is significant (β = 0.229). Furthermore, the analysis demonstrates that remote work moderates the relationships between managerial support (β = 0.560***), organizational support (β = 0.332**), colleague support (β = 0.234*), work pressure (β = 0.456***), control (β = 0.443**), and work engagement. Finally, remote work moderates the relationships between managerial support (β = 0.453***), organizational support (β = 0.332*), colleague support (β = 0.441*), work pressure (β = 0.456***), control (β = 0.444**), and task performance. These insights are valuable to school principals, as they provide a deeper understanding of the factors that determine the task performance of teachers. Remote work requires more job resources to increase engagement and task performance. School principals should focus on increasing engagement through feedback and consultations, psychological safety and development opportunities, and contributing to the individual job performance of teachers. The study supplements the JD-R model with remote work perceived as a contextual factor and thus extends the scientific debate on the application of this model in the teaching occupation.
Effectiveness of the Interventions of TB and HIV Control in Zambia: A Systematic Review
Authors: P Judith Musonda,
Published: September 2024

The purpose of the research paper was to investigate the effectiveness of the interventions of TB and HIV control in Zambia. The research had the objectives to 1) identify the current TB and HIV control mechanisms in Zambia, 2) to find out the prevention and curative activities on the incidence and fatality of TB and HIV in Zambia and 3) to analyse the contents of the government policy provisions that address TB and HIV in Zambia. A mixed design was used for the research, in this regard two data sources were of significance to the research i.e. the primary and secondary data. The primary data was collected from the sample of 314 health personnel from the Copperbelt Regional offices and the National Aids Council who were randomly selected. Semi-structured questionnaires were used to collect primary data. In addition, primary data was collected for systematic review. The quantitative primary data was analysed using SPSS version 25 and thematic analysis was used for qualitative data. This systematic review followed the guidelines described in the Cochrane Handbook and the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. The findings indicate that the effectiveness of the interventions of TB and HIV control in Zambia is positively significantly correlated with TB and HIV control mechanisms (r = 0.507), prevention and curative activities (r = 0.279) and government policy provisions (r = 0.465)
Perception on Cold Chain Service Delivery in Relation to the Service Delivery of COVID-19 Vaccine among Healthcare Workers in Abakaliki, Ebonyi State
Authors: Uju Eze Stella
Published: September 2024

The purpose of this study was to explore the perception regarding cold chain service delivery about the service delivery of COVID-19 vaccine among healthcare workers in Abakaliki, Ebonyi State, Nigeria. An exploratory survey approach was used and entailed the collection of quantitative data from forty-five (45) healthcare workers selected from forty-five health centres in fifteen (15) study districts. The findings reveal that a greater number of the respondents have a good knowledge of the usefulness of cold chain practices in managing the logistics system and cold chain supply from the beginning to the end of the process. The respondents perceived efficient cold chain delivery practices to have a significant impact on COVID-19 service delivery hence if strengthened will in turn lead to the availability of high-quality vaccines. A greater number of the respondents perceived inadequate storage facilities or cold chain capacity; transportation delays; absence of other sources of power and lack of dependable transportation as the greatest challenges that affect the cold chain provision of COVID-19 vaccines. Nigeria should sustain its vaccination efforts as an effective way to eliminate the burden of COVID-19 infection by strengthening its supply chain system using evidence-based interventions aimed at revamping and upgrading the cold stores’ infrastructures; ensuring regular power supply/providing backup power supply to maintain the quality of vaccines during storage; strengthening inventory management system at the state and local government areas and training/retraining of key officers on supply chain management of COVID-19 vaccine.
Evaluation of Patients’ Satisfaction on National Health Insurance Scheme among Private Hospitals in Ado-Ekiti, South West, Nigeria
Authors: Oladipupo Abioye Opeyemi , James Daniel Olusoji , Michael Ipinnimo Tope , Olujide Ojo John , Rasaq Adewoye Kayode , Asabi Babalola Serifat , Adedayo Sanni Taofeek , Chimenka Nwosu Jennifer , Fana-Granville Loizy
Published: September 2024

Patient satisfaction is a useful measure in assessing the quality of health care service received by patients. Patient satisfaction may influence healthcare utilization and can be a predictor of subsequent health-related behaviour regarding patients’ willingness to recommend their healthcare provider(s). This study therefore evaluated patient satisfaction with the National Health Insurance Scheme (NHIS) among accredited private hospitals in Ado-Ekiti, Ekiti state, South West Nigeria, as many earlier studies focused primarily on clients attending government-owned hospitals. A descriptive cross-sectional study among enrollees of NHIS-accredited private hospitals in Ado-Ekiti between July and September 2023 with the use of a semi-structured questionnaire. A multi-stage sampling technique was used to select respondents for the study. Data was analyzed using SPSS version 25. Both descriptive and inferential statistics were carried out and the level of significance was taken at P<0.05. A total of 316 were included in the study. The majority were married (85.2%), in secondary education (48.1%), and registered on government-organized care (67.1%), female respondents (52.2%) were more than male respondents (47.8%). About 89.9% of respondents were willing to re-use the facility and recommend the health-care scheme to a friend. About 70.6% of respondents scored high (>60%) on patient satisfaction with mean satisfaction score±(SD) of 71.3±16.4. Identified predictors of patient satisfaction include female sex, having tertiary education, and belonging to government-organized care as a type of health insurance. The study concluded that the majority of the registered patients were satisfied with the services at NHIS-accredited private hospitals and were willing to recommend the health facility.
Provision of Integrated Health and Protection Services for Vulnerable Children Through Baity Center, In East Libya; Benghazi – Role of Civil Society Organizations in Providing Access to Basic Services
Authors: Rafique Nuzhat , Albarghathi Waleed , Badi Rakha , Abdulwanis May , Maqbool Ahmad Dr. Ahsan
Published: September 2024

This paper is based on operational research conducted in Benghazi, eastern Libya. The study assessed the feasibility of a cross-sectoral integrated services delivery strategy for vulnerable children, primarily migrants, refugees, and internally displaced families. These groups are often deprived of their basic rights to health, education, and protection services. Future Makers, a civil society organization in East Libya, implemented the project with support from UNICEF, international NGOs, and technical experts from UNICEF. Libya’s political, geographic, and economic context has made it a hub for those escaping conflict and poverty. However, the country faces numerous challenges, including political instability, human rights violations, and inadequate support for migrants and refugees. The Baity Center, meaning “My Home” in Arabic, is a strategic approach to providing services to these vulnerable children under one roof. This approach was implemented for the first time in East Libya. The Future Makers team completed the first year of the project, delivering services to more than 700 children who needed any of these services. They extended their mental health and psychosocial support (MHPSS) services to families in cases of gender-based violence and mental health issues for parents, particularly mothers, and young siblings. The paper discusses the challenges faced by young migrant children and the restrictive policies in Libya that hinder their access to basic rights and effectiveness of Baity Center to address this. The acceptance of the Baity Center and the high demand for its services were reflected by high levels of utilization and requests for its continuity met by extended donor support.
Use of National Guidelines in the Treatment of Severe Malaria: A Retrospective Study of Severe Malaria Management in Under 5s in Benue State
Authors: Mayen Adaji Theresa
Published: September 2024

This study explored healthcare providers' perceptions of the National Guidelines for Diagnosis and Treatment of Malaria (NGDTM) in Benue State, Nigeria, focusing on adherence barriers and facilitators. Employing a cross-sectional design, data was collected through a structured survey from a diverse sample of healthcare professionals. Findings revealed a nuanced landscape of attitudes towards NGDTM, with high awareness and positive attitudes but practical challenges hindering consistent adherence. Healthcare workers expressed uncertainty regarding guideline utilization and adherence, citing time constraints, inadequate training, and organizational culture as significant barriers. Despite these challenges, recommendations emerged to enhance guideline implementation and improve patient outcomes. These included prioritizing continuous training and education programs, addressing medication stockouts, and creating supportive work environments. Moving forward, interventions should focus on fostering positive attitudes towards guidelines, addressing systemic barriers, and promoting collaboration between public and private sectors to standardize practices across healthcare facilities. By addressing these challenges, stakeholders can optimize malaria management practices and ultimately improve health outcomes in Benue State.
Readiness Assessment for Integrating Laboratory Information Management Systems with Public Health Surveillance Systems for Effective Detection of Priority Zoonoses Outbreaks in Cameroon
Authors: F. Chi Hanesh , B. Kengne Christophe
Published: September 2024

Integrating Laboratory Information Management Systems (LIMS) with Public Health Surveillance Systems (PHSS) holds immense promise for bolstering the prompt detection and response to outbreaks of priority zoonoses. This study assesses the readiness for such integration in Cameroon, focusing on the detection of priority zoonoses. We employed a mixed-methods approach that combines quantitative data analysis and qualitative surveys with key stakeholders, which was conducted to assess the current state of LIMS, the existing PHSS, and the infrastructural and human resource capabilities. Our findings reveal significant gaps in infrastructure, technical expertise, and the existing policy framework. However, there are promising aspects, such as the existence of robust laboratory networks and a strong commitment from public health authorities to enhance disease surveillance. This readiness assessment is a critical first step toward strengthening Cameroon’s public health infrastructure to manage zoonotic threats effectively. We propose actionable recommendations, such as targeted investments in infrastructure, capacity building, and policy reforms, that can pave the way for a more robust and effective public health surveillance system in Cameroon.
Psychological Well-being and Coping Mechanism among HIVNaive Patients in Nigeria: An Analysis of Depression and Anxiety
Authors: Eleojo Awunor Christie , Olanlesi-Aliu Adedoyin , Giwa Aisha , Agbo Itodo Simon , Babarinde Edith , Audu Mercy , Giwa Aisha , Oluwasina Folajinmi
Published: September 2024

Depression and anxiety disorders (DAD) have consistently been established as some of the major mental health outcomes in the HIV/AIDS population. In light of previous research attempts to examine its causes and proffer solutions, however, rates of DAD have remained consistently high, especially in HIV populations. This study therefore examined the prevalence of depression, anxiety and coping strategies among HIV naïve patients in Abuja. The research design was a descriptive cross-sectional survey that utilized multistage sampling technique to recruit 1022 HIV naïve patients. Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ), generalized anxiety scale (GAD-7) and developed instruments for coping were used to assess depression, anxiety and coping strategies respectively. The research instrument was administered to well-consented and eligible participants. Three objectives, which were later transformed into hypotheses, examined the prevalence of depression, anxiety and coping strategies. Data was analyzed using descriptive analysis, Chi-square and logistic regression. Results indicated that the prevalence of depression was 65.1%, 18.8%, 10.8% and 5.3% for minimal, mild, moderate and severe depression respectively. Similarly, the prevalence of anxiety was 69.5%, 20.6%, 7.6% and 2.3% for minimal, mild, moderate and severe anxiety respectively. Further results revealed that sex is significantly associated with depression and anxiety X2 = 21.597, df= 4, p<.000; X2 = 12.480, df= 4, p<.05. There was also a statistically significant difference in coping between patients with mild depression and severe depression (OR. 2.673 to 29.949). Also, there was a statistically significant difference in coping between patients with mild and severe anxiety (OR, 2.673 to 29.949). Governmental and Non-governmental organizations should take cognizance of this prevalence and evolve measure to reduce the rate of these problems among HIV naïve patients in Abuja and beyond.
Em defesa dos direitos sociais: A luta pela proteção e pela liberdade em cenários voláteis
Authors: Guimarães Jairo de Carvalho , De Carvalho Marcilene Ibiapina Coelho
Published: September 2024

A proposta do estudo é discutir sobre as repercussões que incidem sobre os direitos sociais a partir de uma concepção assentada nas relações constituídas entre Estado e sociedade, tomando como ponto de partida o regime democrático brasileiro e as utopias, os quais supostamente instigam o sujeito social a almejar não apenas o atendimento das demandas iminentes, mas, também, que seja possível desenvolver mecanismos visando ao fortalecimento da cidadania. Neste particular, a adoção de consistente processo participativo-democrático, a ratificação da esfera pública como espaço capaz de promover consensos e a necessidade de repactuar resistências e mobilizações com vistas a demarcar o território sociopolítico são medidas inadiáveis sob um contexto de volatilidade. Conclui-se que o sistema compromete a liberdade, a igualdade e a proteção do sujeito social, e produz o aprofundamento das fissuras sociais, especialmente em relação aos grupos mais vulneráveis, privando-os dos serviços públicos indispensáveis à equalização das suas demandas.
A construção do consenso como instrumento democrático para a realização do direito humano à moradia
Authors: Silva Fabiola , Dias Monica Picanço
Published: September 2024

O Direito à Moradia é uma luta histórica e fundamental para a satisfação dos direitos humanos. A moradia é essencial para garantir bem-estar e dignidade, reconhecido como direito social pela Constituição Federal. A efetivação desse direito enfrenta desafios em diversos países, incluindo o acesso à justiça às populações vulneráveis frente às questões como despejos e regularização fundiária. A Justiça Multiportas, proposta por Frank Sander em 1976, busca privilegiar a autocomposição em litígios, permitindo que as partes tenham autonomia na escolha dos meios de resolução de conflitos. A pesquisa apresenta o consenso como uma técnica de resolução de conflitos e um instrumento democrático para efetivar o direito humano à moradia, destacando a importância de estimular sua aplicação. O artigo 3º do Código de Processo Civil incentiva a solução consensual de conflitos, além dos métodos de conciliação e mediação. A pesquisa utiliza o método descritivo e bibliográfico, baseado em livros, artigos e notícias divulgadas. A adoção do procedimento da construção do consenso nos conflitos relacionados à moradia, sob a perspectiva da Justiça Multiportas, possibilita a efetivação do Direito Humano à Moradia.
Sistema de repartição de benefícios e o marco da biodiversidade: A questão da propriedade intelectual e a justiça ambiental
Authors: De Araujo Thiago Luiz Rigon , De Araujo Luiz Ernani Bonesso
Published: September 2024

A presente pesquisa busca analisar o sistema de acesso e repartição de benefícios, assim como a questão da propriedade intelectual e a justiça ambiental. Desta forma, o problema de pesquisa baseia-se na questão sobre se o sistema implementado pelo Marco da Biodiversidade vai de encontro com os parâmetros de justiça e equanimidade como determina a lei e demais acordos internacionais. Desta forma, a presente investigação utiliza de uma abordagem metodológica a partir dos textos das normas internacionais, legislações nacionais e dados de acesso à base de dados de monitoramento de patentes. Assim sendo, com a análise dos dados fornecidos em contraste com a legislação nacional e demais documentos internacionais, possibilita afirmar que de fato não há uma justa e equitativa repartição de benefícios. Por fim, fica possível em concluir que sistema de repartição de benefícios implementado no Brasil ainda carece de uma melhor estruturação, como também carece em estabelecer critérios mais claros assim como uma maior ligação com o sistema de proteção de propriedade intelectual, eis que os praticados estão longe de contemplar os ditames da justiça ambiental.
Strategizing for Productivity Growth in Digital Economy
Authors: Zhuravlev Denis , Chaadaev Vitaly
Published: September 2024

The solution of the issues of increasing labor productivity is significant at the state, regional, corporate and project levels. The purpose of the article is to form a systemic and conscious perception by senior managers of the role of digital technologies and modern methods of big data processing in solving the problems of increasing labor productivity, the importance of the strategizing methodology for finding and recording points of growth of added value at the enterprise. Based on the scientific works of Academicians Askar A. Akayev and Viktor A. Sadovnichy, a review of the predicted changes in the main subsystems of the World-System is conducted, it is shown that under these conditions the relevance of a comprehensive analysis that takes into account not only long-term trends, but also the interaction of all important factors: technology, demography, economics, sociosphere, politics, etc. increases many times over. The methodological basis of the study is formed by the fundamental laws and rules of the methodology of strategizing of Academician Vladimir L. Kvint. It is shown that the instrument for the practical implementation of the system of strategic management of labor productivity growth processes is digital transformation. The solution to the problem of increasing labor productivity is provided by the large-scale implementation of end-to-end digital technologies in the production life cycle, ensuring the convergence of human and intelligent machine labor - automatic execution of the overwhelming majority of routine operations and offering the best possible solution to a person. The process of managing the strategic process of increasing labor productivity consists of the following stages: monitoring and analysis of indicators; identifying potential growth points; building a digital model of the process and conducting simulation experiments; developing organizational and technical measures and creating a decision support management system. A decisive factor for enterprises seeking to increase labor productivity is the use of artificial intelligence to automate everyday tasks, which allows employees to focus on more strategic activities.