bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Primer informe del género Gambierdiscus (Dinophyceae) y otros dinoflagelados bentónicos en el Parque Nacional Isla del Coco, Costa Rica, Pacífico Tropical Oriental
Authors: Vargas-Montero Maribelle , Morales Álvaro , Cortés Jorge
Published: January 2022

El Pacífico Tropical Oriental se ha indicado como una región de los océanos libre de ciguatera, una intoxicación que causa serios trastornos gastrointestinales, neurológicos y cardiovasculares, en casos extremos, la muerte. Pero con el presente estudio hemos encontrado una incidencia alta de microalgas bénticas involucradas en la producción de ciguatera en el Parque Nacional Isla del Coco (PNIC), Costa Rica. En campañas oceanográficas realizadas entre el 2006 y el 2011 al PNIC se recolectaron 420 muestras de fitoplancton con el interés de encontrar especies de dinoflagelados bentónicos implicados en la producción de ciguatera. Las muestras se tomaron con red de fitoplancton o mediante buceos, entre los 5 y 30 m de profundidad en zonas de arrecife y por extracción directa de macroalgas. Se encontró a los dinoflagelados Gambierdiscus spp., Coolia tropicales, Coolia cf. areolota, Prorocentrum concavum, Prorocentrum compressum, Amphidinium carterae y Ostreopsis siamensis. Se determinó que la cantidad de dinoflagelados por peso de macroalga era elevada, principalmente para el género Gambierdiscus. Los géneros Ostreopsis y Prorocentrum mostraron tener la mayor distribución en los sitios de colecta. Gambierdiscus es un género productor de ciguatera. Se encontraron dos tamaños diferentes de individuos de Gambierdiscus, Comparando los especímenes de Gambierdiscus encontradas con otros estudios, se concluye que son diferentes a las descritas anteriormente, por lo que podría tratarse de especies nuevas, lo que se confirmará con cultivos y análisis moleculares. Al ser la Isla del Coco un sitio oceánico aislado y en estado de conservación, es un sitio ideal para el estudio de la evolución de especies de fitoplancton marino. Además, el monitoreo a largo plazo es muy importante debido a la variedad de dinoflagelados bentónicos potencialmente tóxicos que habitan en este ecosistema marino. Este es el primer estudio donde se da a conocer la incidencia de dinoflagelados bentónicos implicados en ciguatera para el Pacífico Tropical Oriental.
Apendicularias (Urochordata) y quetognatos (Chaetognatha) del Parque Nacional Isla del Coco, Costa Rica
Authors: Castellanos-Osorio Iván , Hernández-Flores Rosa María , Morales-Ramírez Álvaro , Corrales-Ugalde Marco
Published: January 2022

Las apendicularias y quetognatos son miembros importantes del zooplancton pero poco estudiados en Costa Rica y no del todo en el Parque Nacional Isla del Coco, Pacífico tropical este. Se recolectaron muestras epipelágicas de zooplancton de la zona oceánica (0-50m) de la Isla del Coco, en noviembre de 2001 y sobre parches arrecifales en 2009. Se analizó la composición de especies de apendicularias y quetognatos presentes en 31 muestras. Nueve especies de apendicularias, y ocho especies de quetognatos fueron identificadas. Oikopleura longicauda fue la más abundante en el área estudiada (217 organismos, representando el 65.56% del número total de apendicularias), seguida por Oikopleura rufescens, con 35 (10.57%). Todas las especies de apendicularias encontradas en este estudio son comunes en las aguas cálidas de los océanos, seis especies se registran aquí por primera vez en aguas de la Isla del Coco y dos son nuevos registros para Costa Rica. Entre los quetognatos, Flaccisagitta enflata fue la especie más común (85 ejemplares, representando el 50.6% del número total) registrada en este estudio, seguida por Serratosagitta pacifica con 38 organismos (20.62%). Zonosagitta bedoti estuvó representada por un solo espécimen. Estas especies también se han registrado en las aguas tropicales del Pacífico oriental, pero seis especies son nuevos registros para Isla del Coco. Los datos sobre la distribución y morfología de las especies registradas se presentan junto con las claves para la identificación de los taxones en el área estudiada.
High genotypic diversity of the reef-building coral Porites lobata (Scleractinia: Poritidae) in Isla del Coco National Park, Costa Rica
Authors: Boulay Jennifer N. , Cortés Jorge , Nivia-Ruiz Jaime , Baums Iliana B.
Published: January 2022

The isolated Isla del Coco experiences periodic, extreme disturbances which devastate coral reefs surrounding the island. Scleractinian corals build the physical structure of the reef therefore ecosystem recovery relies on coral species recovery. Coral recruits can be of sexual or asexual origin, and the relative success of the two recruit types influences the speed and spread of recovery processes. Here we focus on the massive coral, Porites lobata, because it is the main reef-builder around Isla del Coco to describe the relative contribution of asexual and sexual recruits to population maintenance. P. lobata samples were collected using a spatially explicit random sampling design in three plots at Isla del Coco: Punta Ulloa (n=17), Bahía Weston (n=20) and Punta María (n=20) and samples were genotyped with 11 microsatellite markers. Additional sampling was conducted at three “coastal” sites near the Costa Rican mainland (Isla del Caño Biological Reserve): Caño1 (n=8), Caño2 (n=10), Caño5 (n=11) to compare the contributions of asexual and sexual recruits at Isla del Coco sites to coastal sites. Isla del Coco sites were characterized by small colony size (>60% of colonies <0.5m2) and high sexual reproduction. Sites were either mostly or entirely sexual,consisting of only unique genotypes (NG/N= 0.90-1.00; G O/GE=0.83-1.00; D=0.99-1.00). Although there were no significant differences in genetic diversity (number of alleles per locus, number of private alleles) or colony size between Isla del Coco and the coastal sites, the coastal sites exhibited a greater range of genotypic diversity from moderately asexual (NG/N=0.5; GO/GE=0.36; D=0.8) to purely sexual (NG/N=1.0; GO/GE=1.0; D=1.0). The mode of asexual reproduction in P. lobata is likely fragmentation of adult colonies rather than asexual larval production because ramets of P. lobata occurred close together and asexually produced larvae have not been reported in gonochoric broadcast spawners like P. lobata. Frequent sexual reproduction at Isla del Coco National Park might represent a resource for rapid recovery following extreme El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) disturbance events. In contrast, larger, asexuallyproduced fragments rather than smaller, sexually-produced larvae appear to have the advantage at some coastal sites. The high frequency of sexual reproduction at Isla del Coco indicates that not only are sexual partners available but also current conditions are favorable for the delivery of larvae and the rate of predation on small larval recruits must be moderate. Citation: Boulay, J.N., J. Cortés, J. Nivia-Ruiz & I.B. Baums. 2012. High genotypic diversity of the reef-building coral Porites lobata (Scleractinia: Poritidae) in Isla del Coco National Park, Costa Rica. Rev. Biol. Trop. 60 (Suppl. 3): 279-292. Epub 2012 Dec 01.
Catálogo de los helmintos parásitos de Costa Rica
Authors: Brenes Rodrigo Ramón
Published: January 2022

Se presenta una lista de los helmintos parásitos de Costa Rica con su huésped, localización y distribución geográfica, ordenados a la luz de las nuevas corrientes taxonómicas. Se proponen algunos nuevos nombres ordinarios con la aceptación de la desinencia (i) formes para esta categoría.
The Consumer Rights Protection in Passenger Car Purchase and Sale Contracts: The Law Enforcement Analysis
Authors:   Volgograd Institute of Management, Branch of Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration, Belova Olesya
Published: January 2022

Introduction: the private law protection of consumer interests in modern trade relations is represented by a wide range of various tools that allow consumers to adequately protect their rights and restore justice. At the same time, the specifics of trade relations, whose subject is a passenger car intended for use for personal household purposes, and having the characteristics of a complex technical product, in some cases, due to the technical and legal illiteracy of the consumer, put consumers in a less favorable position as the least protected party. The purpose of the study is to identify current trends in judicial protection and self-defense of the rights of consumers as a party to the contract of purchase and sale of passenger cars. Methods: the methodological framework for the research is a set of methods of scientific cognition, among which the main ones are analysis, synthesis, generalization, and comparative jurisprudence. Results: the study analyzes the law enforcement materials over the past 2-3 years, identifies a cluster of the most relevant court proceedings arising from the protection of consumer rights when selling passenger cars (the disputes about setting deadlines for which it is impossible to use a passenger car for its intended purpose due to the need for repair work, the disputes about the conditions, the place and time of the technical inspection and maintenance of the car). The author expressed his opinion about the potential possibilities of using interactive information platforms to verify information about a product as a means of self-protection of consumer rights when buying and selling cars. Conclusions: the author insists on using a “flexible” approach in the field of application of the legislative norms when setting the deadlines for technical / repair work to eliminate malfunctions, and to count the entire period of the car’s stay on the territory of the service station within the specified period (currently, the judicial practice has taken the path of setting off only the time of the actual labor costs for repair work in the specified period according to the working schedule at the service enterprise). The author supports the position of the courts, which does not attach exceptional importance to the place and time of warranty repair and maintenance, and the protection of the interests of the consumer is not conditioned by the imperative requirements implanted in the service book. In the field of self-protection of the rights of car buyers, the author recommends wider use of the modern information platforms presented on the official websites of the state agencies, and the information obtained from these interactive platforms should be supported by the contract itself as its integral part.
Legal Regulation of Marriage and Family Relations in Medieval England
Authors:   Volgograd Cooperative Institute (Branch) of the Russian University of Cooperation, Egorov Vladislav , Zhurava Mariya ,   Volgograd State University
Published: January 2022

Introduction: the family is one of the greatest values created by mankind in the entire history of its existence. Society and the state are interested in its positive development, preservation and consolidation; everyone needs a strong, reliable family, regardless of age. The purpose of this article is to consider the development of marriage and family relations in medieval England and their features. To reveal the position of the author of the article about why knowledge about family and marriage relations in medieval England is needed in modern Russia, which is significant for Russian civil and family law. When writing the article, the following research methods were used - analysis and synthesis, classification and comparison methods. Results: the article considers that by the example of studying English gender relations in the medieval period, it is possible to trace the process of formation of gender history in modern medieval studies. The author has carried out work on the study of existing forms of marriage in England, the processes of transformation of the family into a stable basis of Western society. Conclusions: as a result of the study, it was found that in the Middle Ages monogamous marriage prevailed over polygamy and a man’s right to divorce, and its goal gradually shifted from realizing the interests of parents and relatives to meeting the needs of a married couple. Over time, the ancient clan lost its importance and disappeared. Thus, constantly changing in its composition throughout the life cycle, the family household already dominated at all levels of the social landscape by the boundary separating the Middle Ages from Modern Times.
The EAEU and the OPOP – How Can the Superpowers of Eurasia Interact Within the Framework of Integration Projects
Authors:   Moscow State Institute of International Relations of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Russia, Mursaliev Araz
Published: January 2022

Introduction: Russia and China are two extremely powerful countries on the Eurasian continent. The interaction of these superpowers is fraught with risks and difficulties, especially in those conditions when both sides are pursuing their own goals. For the People’s Republic of China, the basis of foreign economic policy is the OPOP project, which combines logistics, trade, and investment components. China’s main goal is to promote it and create conditions for its most effective implementation in Eurasia. For Russia, the most important is a less ambitious institution – the EAEU, which serves to promote the interests of the Russian Federation in the countries closest to Russia’s partners. Purpose: to identify the benefits and risks of interaction between the EAEU and the OPOP and offer the cooperation tools that minimize risks. Methods: the research is based on general scientific methods, in particular, deduction; the statistical method of linear regression and the analysis of the synergetic results of economic development are also used. Results: the interaction of the two projects of the Eurasian superpowers is inevitable, and therefore it is extremely important for Russia and the EAEU to properly develop a partnership with the PRC, as well as to soberly assess the existing risks. The EAEU needs the growth drivers today. Such a driver can be a partnership with the PRC and active participation in the OPOP. The proposed coupling strategy takes into account the risks of sinoization; respectively, to reduce them, it is proposed to strengthen the centripetal trends in the EAEU by the economic methods. Conclusions: the coupling of the EAEU and the OPOP is inevitable. It is accompanied by risks; at the same time, the risks of coupling do not outweigh its benefits. For the further development of the integration initiatives in Eurasia, it is necessary to strengthen the attractiveness of the Russian economy model for the EAEU countries.
Comparative Analysis of Terminology of Tax Law of Russia and France
Authors:   Volgograd State University, Goncharov Alexander , Zemlyanskaya Irina ,   Volgograd Institute of Management, Branch of the Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration, Baryshnikova Galina ,   Volgograd Institute of Management, Branch of the Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration
Published: January 2022

Introduction: Russian and French tax legislation presupposes the presence of special terms reflecting taxation processes, therefore, the article raises the question of the initial definition of all terms with the meaning of “tax” and characteristics that determine its economic essence. Everything mentioned above determined the relevance of scientific work and the authors set the aim of conducting a comparative analysis of the terminology of tax law in Russia and France. Methods: the methodological basis of this research is a set of methods of scientific knowledge, among which the main place is occupied by the methods of consistency, analysis, comparative legal and descriptive. Results: the author’s position substantiated in the work is based on the tax legislation of Russia and France. Based on a comparative analysis of the norms of the Tax Code of the Russian Federation and the Tax Code of France, a study of the types of tax payments is carried out. The question of the term “tax and collection” is raised. Conclusions: as a result of the study, it was determined that the term “taxes and fees” is used as a generic one, while the preference for establishing various types of taxes and fees applied in Russia and France is given to such a specific term designation as “tax”. It was revealed that, despite the use in the tax legislation of France in the name “taxe”, “la taxe foncière” is a tax. It has been established that in the Tax Code of the Russian Federation and the Tax Code of France, the terms of taxation are used as a means of formalizing the language for special purposes and contribute to the establishment and development of legal discourse.
A ECONOMIA DO SOFTWARE DE FONTE ABERTA: RAZÕES QUE LEVAM OS DESENVOLVEDORES DE SOFTWARE A PARTICIPAR DAS COMUNIDADES DE FONTE ABERTA
Authors: ARROYO CRISTIANE SONIA , MERLO EDGARD MONFORTE , SIMÕES ANDRÉ XAVIER
Published: January 2022

RESUMO Atualmente o desenvolvimento de software é uma das atividades econômicas de maior evidência no mundo dos negócios internacionais. Grandes fortunas e corporações, como a Microsoft, se fizeram com o desenvolvimento e a venda de software proprietário. Nos últimos anos, contudo, tem ocorrido grande aumento do interesse no desenvolvimento do software livre, pois a expansão de seu uso o levou a ser competitivo e até dominante em algumas áreas. Do ponto de vista econômico, o comportamento dos programadores e das companhias comerciais empenhadas em projetos de fonte aberta é intenso. Por que programadores e grandes empresas investiriam tempo e dinheiro em um projeto que não poderiam vender, para obter retornos financeiros imediatos, nem poderiam registrar direitos de propriedade sobre seu trabalho? O objetivo deste artigo foi buscar e discutir as razões que levam empresas e profissionais a participar das comunidades de software de fonte aberta. Além disso, estabeleceu-se, por meio do estudo de caso das empresas Red Hat e Grisoft, a diferença entre software livre e gratuito.
DEFESA DA CONCORRÊNCIA E REGULAÇÃO ECONÔMICA NO BRASIL
Authors: MATIAS-PEREIRA JOSÉ
Published: January 2022

RESUMO O Estado, para cumprir adequadamente suas funções, pode divulgar e utilizar as informações sinalizadoras dos agentes (NORTH, 1990), bem como acelerar o processo de mudanças e adequações institucionais, buscando adaptar normas e leis à realidade mutante da sociedade. Assim, numa economia de mercado como a brasileira, o governo necessita contar com dois importantes instrumentos - que interagem e se complementam -, para buscar o adequado funcionamento dos mercados: a legislação antitruste e a política de regulação econômica. Este artigo tem o objetivo de retratar em linhas gerais a política e o sistema de defesa da concorrência no Brasil, bem como analisar os impactos das decisões do Conselho Administrativo de Defesa Econômica (Cade), para o fortalecimento institucional do sistema de defesa da concorrência no Brasil, a partir da abertura da economia brasileira na década de 1990, com destaque para as decisões sobre os atos de concentração analisados pós-1994. Concluímos que o sistema de defesa da concorrência - em que pese ainda estar em construção, e necessitar de maior celeridade na apreciação de determinados atos e aperfeiçoar o mecanismo de coordenação dos órgãos do sistema -, está se consolidando institucionalmente no Brasil.
FREQUENCY OF ANTI-LEPTOSPIRES AGGLUTININS IN SOWS FROM A SWINE HERD IN THE IBIÚNA MUNICIPALITY, STATE OF SÃO PAULO, BRAZIL
Authors: Azevedo S.S. , Soto R.M. , Morais Z.M. , Pinheiro S.R. , Vuaden E.R. , Batista C.S.A. , Souza G.O. , Delbem A.C.B. , Gonçales A.P. , Vasconcellos S.A.
Published: January 2022

ABSTRACT A serologic survey was conducted among 164 sows from a single farrow-to-finish swine herd located in the Ibiúna municipality, state of São Paulo, Brasil, to determine the frequency of antileptospires agglutinins. For detection of anti-leptospires antibodies, the microscopic serumagglutination test (MAT) was carried out using live cultures of 22 pathogenic and two saprophytic Leptospira spp. serovars. The most frequent serovar was found crossing the results of frequency and titer of agglutinins, and sera presenting equal titers for two or more serovars were not considered for this analysis. Of the 164 sows, 27 (16.5%) were seropositive for at least one Leptospira spp. serovar. The most frequent serovar was Hardjo (Hardjobovis), with 13 (54.2%) reactant sera. Other reactant serovars and respective frequency were: Shermani (16.6%), Bratislava (12.5%), Autumnalis (12.5%) and Icterohaemorrhagiae (4.2%).
AN ENTERIC CORONAVIRUS IN A 3-DAY-OLD DIARRHEIC FOAL
Authors: Brandão P.E. , Souza S.L.P. , Tabet A.F. , Villarreal L.Y.B. , Jerez J.A.
Published: January 2022

ABSTRACT Coronaviruses are of special interest in diarrhea of horses, once they cause disease in foals and in the adult. This study aimed to evaluate the existence of coronavirus, rotavirus, protozoa and bacteria in stool of a 3-day old foal suffering from acute diarrhea. A nested PCRassay for the RNA-dependent RNA-polymerase gene was applied to coronavirus detection and PAGE, sucrose flotation test and classical bacteriology for rotavirus, protozoa and bacteria detection, respectively. An enteric group II coronavirus was found with no concurrent infections. The role of coronavirus in this clinical case is discussed, as well as possible transmission routes.
MIXED INFECTIONS BY BOVINE CORONAVIRUS, ROTAVIRUS AND CRYPTOSPORIDIUM PARVUM IN AN OUTBREAK OF NEONATAL DIARRHEA IN BEEF CATTLE
Authors: Brandão A.M.M.P. , Villarreal L.Y.B. , de Souza S.L.P. , Richtzenhain L.J. , Jerez J.A.
Published: January 2022

ABSTRACT This article describes the role of bovine coronavirus, rotavirus and Cryptosporidium parvum in an outbreak of beef calf diarrhea in Presidente Epitácio, São Paulo State. Two out 9 fecal samples were positive to BCoV, 6 to C. parvum and 6 to rotavirus, with 4 rotavirus-C. parvumco-infections, 1 BCoV-C. parvumco-infection and 1 rotavirus-BCoV co-infection. These results show the need for a detailed survey of the etiology of diarrheas, aiming to evaluate the agents spread in a flock, allowing the design of prophylactic measures against gastroenteritis outbreaks.
PARASITOS DE ANIMAIS SILVESTRES NO RIO GRANDE DO SUL, BRASIL: II – PIOLHOS (AMBLYCERA: ISCHNOCERA) DE NETTA PEPOSACA (MARRECÃO) (AVES: ANATIDAE)
Authors: Paulsen R.M.M. , Brum J.G.W.
Published: January 2022

RESUMO É descrito pela primeira vez no Estado do Rio Grande do Sul, no Brasil, e na literatura mundial, o parasitismo pelos piolhos Trinoton querquedulae (Menoponidae) Anatoecus icterodes, Anaticola sp. e Acidoproctus fuligulae (Philopteridae) em Netta peposaca, hospedeiro pertencente à ordem Anseriformes e à família Anatidae. Dados sobre prevalência, abundância e intensidade média de parasitismo dos piolhos, são também informados.
PERFIL DA FAUNA DE VESPAS PARASITÓIDES (INSECTA, HYMENOPTERA) EM UMA ÁREA DE MATA ATLÂNTICA DO PARQUE ESTADUAL DE PEDRA AZUL, DOMINGOS MARTINS, ESPÍRITO SANTO, BRASIL
Authors: Alencar I.D.C.C. , Fraga F.B. , Tavares M.T. , Azevedo C.O.
Published: January 2022

RESUMO Este trabalho teve como objetivo conhecer a fauna de vespas parasitóides ocorrentes em área de Mata Atlântica no Parque Estadual de Pedra Azul, Espírito Santo, Brasil. Foram coletadas 1.997 vespas parasitóides pertencentes a 28 famílias através de 16 armadilhas Malaise expostas por 14 dias. As famílias Diapriidae, Platygastridae e Bethylidae apresentaram as maiores abundâncias relativas (26,54%, 11,47% e 10,72%, respectivamente). Quatorze famílias apresentaram abundância relativa inferior a 1%. A subfamília Charipinae (Figitidae) é registrada pela primeira vez para o Estado do Espírito Santo. É apresentada lista de gêneros e espécies de algumas famílias
EFEITO DE ADJUVANTES EM ASSOCIAÇÃO COM THIAMETHOXAM 250 WG E METARHIZIUM ANISOPLIAE (METSCH.) SOROKIN NO CONTROLE DE CIGARRINHA-DA-RAIZ DA CANA-DE-AÇÚCAR MAHANARVA FIMBRIOLATA (STAL, 1854) (HEMIPTERA; CERCOPIDAE)
Authors: Almeida J.E.M. , Batista Filho A. , da Costa E.A.D.
Published: January 2022

RESUMO O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a eficiência de diferentes classes de adjuvantes em associação com o inseticida thiamethoxam 250 WG ou com o bioinseticida Metarhizium anisopliae, no controle de Mahanarva fimbriolata.O experimento foi conduzido com a variedade de cana-de-açúcar RB 92 8064, no Município de Catanduva, SP. O delineamento experimental utilizado foi o de blocos casualizados com quinze tratamentos e quatro repetições. Cada parcela foi constituída por sete linhas de cana com 12,5 m de comprimento. Os tratamentos foram aplicados com pulverização tratorizada e constituídos de: testemunha; thiamethoxam 250 WG na dose de 0,8 kg/ha; thiamethoxam 250 WG a 0,8 kg/ha na mistura em tanque com Silwet L-77 a 0,05% volume/volume (v/v); thiamethoxam 250 WG a 0,8 kg/ ha + Silwet Plus a 0,05% v/v; M. anisopliae na dose de 2 kg/ha; M. anisopliae a 2 kg/ha + Silwet L-77 a 0,05% v/v; M. anisopliae 2 kg/ha + Silwet Plus 0,05% v/v; M. anisopliae 2 kg/ha + AgRho DEP-775 a 0,05% v/v, todos aplicados com volumes de calda de 150 e 300 L/ha. As avaliações foram realizadas aos 0, 15, 30, 60 e 90 dias após a aplicação (DAA), contando-se o número de ninfas em 2 m lineares, em ambos os lados da linha central de cana em cada parcela. Verificou-se que o adjuvante AgRho DEP-775, na dose de 0,05%, pode ser utilizado em associação com o fungo M. anisopliae a 2 kg/ha em aplicação terrestre, com pontas de pulverização do tipo jato plano (TF3) e consumo de 150 L/ha de calda. Os adjuvantes Silwet Plus e Silwet L-77 também podem ser utilizados em associação com o inseticida sistêmico thiamethoxam 250 WG a 0,8 kg/ha, desde que a dose dos adjuvantes seja adequada para a adesão das gotas da calda de pulverização às folhas.
FRUTÍFERAS HOSPEDEIRAS E PARASITÓIDES (HYM., BRACONIDAE) DE ANASTREPHA SPP. (DIP., TEPHRITIDAE) NA ILHA DE SANTANA, ESTADO DO AMAPÁ, BRASIL
Authors: Silva R.A. da , Xavier S.L.O. , de Souza Filho M.F. , da Silva W.R. , do Nascimento D.B. , de Deus E. da G.
Published: January 2022

RESUMO Este trabalho objetivou efetuar um levantamento de moscas-das-frutas, suas plantas hospedeiras e seus parasitóides na Ilha de Santana, Estado do Amapá, Brasil. Foram coletadas 44 amostras de frutos de 13 espécies vegetais, totalizando 4.177 frutos e 78.753 g. Os frutos foram coletados no período de janeiro a julho de 2005, sendo obtidos 608 pupários, de onde emergiram 225 moscasdas-frutas pertencentes ao gênero Anastrepha e 42 parasitóides da família Braconidae. Houve emergência de moscas-das-frutas somente de amostras de taperebá (Spondias mombin L.), goiaba (Psidium guajava L.) e abiu (Pouteria caimito Radlk.). As espécies registradas foram A. obliqua Macquart, A. striata Schiner e A. leptozona Hendel. Parasitóides de 3 espécies emergiram de amostras de taperebá e goiaba: Doryctobracon areolatus (Szépligeti), Opius sp. e Asobara anatrephae(Muesebeck).
CIRCOVÍRUS SUÍNO TIPO 2 (PCV-2)
Authors: Castro A.M.M.G. de , Cortez A. , Heinemann M.B. , Brandão P. , Richtzenhain L.J.
Published: January 2022

RESUMO O Circovírus suíno-2 (Porcine circovirus type 2 – PCV-2) é um vírus não envelopado, apresenta simetria icosaédrica e mede de 15 a 17 nm de diâmetro. É o menor vírus animal descrito e está relacionado a várias síndromes que acometem suínos, responsável por perdas econômicas nas granjas. A alta variabilidade da região do genoma que codifica as proteínas estruturais associada às co-infecções, dificulta o seu diagnóstico e sua prevenção.
EFICIÊNCIA DE METARHIZIUM ANISOPLIAE (METSCH.) SOROKIN NO CONTROLE DE DEOIS FLAVOPICTA (STAL., 1854), EM PASTAGEM DE CAPIM-BRAQUIÁRIA (BRACHIARIA DECUMBENS)
Authors: Pereira M.F.A. , Benedetti R.A.L , Almeida J.E.M.
Published: January 2022

RESUMO Com o objetivo de avaliar a eficiência da aplicação de doses do fungo Metarhizium anisopliae (isolado IBCB 425) no controle da cigarrinha-das-pastagens Deois flavopicta, foi conduzido um ensaio de campo em pastagem de capim-braquiária (Brachiaria decumbens), no Município de Itatinga, SP, no período de fevereiro a maio de 2006. Arroz contendo M. anisopliae esporulado foi lavado em água, coado e aplicado a partir das 17h, sob temperatura média de 18° C e umidade relativa de 69%. O volume de calda utilizado foi de 300 L ha-1. As avaliações procederam-se aos 14, 29 e 44 dias após a aplicação do entomopatógeno, contando-se as cigarrinhas (ninfas) por ponto de 0,0625 m2 (quadrado de 0,25 m x 0,25 m). Pelos resultados obtidos, conclui-se que M. anisopliae (IBCB 425), nas doses de 16x1012 e 20x1012 conídios viáveis ha-1, é eficiente no controle de D. flavopicta em pastagem de capim-braquiária (B. decumbens).
RHODOCOCCUS EQUI
Authors: Krewer C.C. , Costa M.M. , Schrank I. , Vargas A.C.
Published: January 2022

RESUMO Rhodococcus equi é uma importante causa de broncopneumonia em potros com menos de seis meses de idade, sendo responsável pela mortalidade de eqüinos no mundo inteiro. É um microrganismo intracelular capaz de sobreviver e se multiplicar no interior de macrófagos. Apresenta três níveis de virulência de acordo com os diferentes antígenos expressos em sua superfície. Cepas virulentas apresentam um plasmídeo que codifica a proteína de superfície VapA e são isoladas principalmente de potros com pneumonia e de alguns pacientes humanos. Cepas com virulência intermediária expressam a proteína VapB e predominam em suínos e humanos com AIDS. Cepas avirulentas não expressam antígenos de superfície e são encontradas principalmente no ambiente e em pacientes humanos. Um dos fatores responsáveis pela ampla distribuição da enfermidade em potros é a imaturidade do sistema imunológico dos animais acometidos pela infecção, que pode se tornar endêmica em alguns criatórios. Em humanos, as formas de infecção são ainda desconhecidas, mas o contato com eqüinos é relatado em um terço dos casos. Devido à importância clínica da doença, são necessários métodos diagnósticos que promovam sua identificação precoce, facilitando e aumentando as chances de sucesso com o tratamento. Os métodos mais utilizados atualmente são o cultivo microbiológico, testes sorológicos para detecção de anticorpos séricos nos animais e técnicas de PCR que detectam a região 16S do rDNA e o fragmento do gene vapA do microrganismo.
PSICOLOGIA DE APRENDIZAGEM E PRÁTICA DOCENTE
Authors: Roitman Riva
Published: January 2022

Resumo A atuação do professor no processo ensino-aprendizagem depende, sobretudo, de sua visão sobre a natureza do homem, a sociedade e a educação. O desenvolvimento de tal processo requer a consideração das teorias de aprendizagem e de suas implicações no ensino. Segundo as vertentes comportamental, cognitiva e humanista, são expostos os processos de ensino e de aprendizagem, bem como apresentadas sugestões com o objetivo de auxiliar o professor a despertar a motivação de seus alunos.
De l’implicite à l’explicite
Authors: ZHANG Yi
Published: January 2022

Cet article s’interroge sur l’évolution des modalités de l’explicitation des realia dans les œuvres littéraires traduites en Chine en se basant sur les exemples pris dans quatre versions chinoises du Père Goriot effectuées entre 1944 et 2017. Après les discussions théoriques sur la notion de realia et sur la stratégie de l’explicitation, l’article retrace les quatre grandes phases dans l’évolution des normes de traduction en Chine au vingtième siècle. À la lumière des analyses textuelles sur les exemples, il démontre les différentes modalités de la mise en œuvre de l’explicitation des realia dans la traduction littéraire français-chinois. Il analyse également les principaux facteurs qui influencent l’évolution de ces modalités : les normes de traduction, les réflexions des traducteurs sur leur pratique, l’idéologie et l’actualisation des connaissances culturelles des lecteurs cibles.
Realia coréens
Authors: QUISEFIT Laurent
Published: January 2022

La voix de l’enseignant, comme celle de l’auteur de fiction, transmet un univers, évoque un monde. En effet, la description des us et coutumes, des concepts ou de la vie matérielle dans telle ou telle culture, passe généralement par une explication. Le locuteur natif, intégré dans ses repères familiers du quotidien, n’a guère besoin de cette explicitation. Le poids de la familiarité et de la routine, la précision évocatrice du vocabulaire culturel, sont suffisants pour lui. En outre, pourquoi s’ingénier à décrire et à définir ce qui est normal et ordinaire, donc apparemment sans relief ni intérêt ? Le reale se suffisant à lui-même, comment le traduire ? Comment l’enseigner ?
L’injonction déictique et dénominative formulée par l’enseignant ou l’auteur, selon le lexique utilisé, ouvre les portes d’une représentation intérieure déterminée par la connaissance préalable d’un vocabulaire spécifique ou général chez le récepteur même du message. Richesse ou pauvreté du lexique chez le récepteur, spécificité et puissance d’évocation du vocable utilisé par le transmetteur pour traduire le lexiculturème sont au cœur de la question de l’enseignement des realia. Dans certains cas, il est possible de proposer une illustration du référent. Dans les cas les plus complexes, touchant aux questions abstraites, il faut procéder par explications et approximations successives. Nous nous interrogerons sur l’enseignement des realia relatifs à la péninsule coréenne, à travers un échantillon touchant à l’architecture, la nourriture, à des thèmes littéraires ou au vocabulaire historique. Notre démarche s’inscrit comme un retour d’expérience portant sur une dizaine d’années d’enseignement de la civilisation coréenne. Autrement dit, il s’agit d’explorer le lien indissociable entre didactique des langues et apprentissage de la culture. Dans ce cadre, quelles formes devrait adopter le cours de civilisation, comme préalable ou comme soutien du cours de langue proprement dit, dans l’optique de l’enseignement des realia ?
A Human in Modern Medicine: From the Restoration of Health to Improve
Authors:   Institute of Philosophy and Law of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, Sinyukova Natalia
Published: January 2022

The article analyzes the dynamics of the development of medical models of treatment of deviations from the health norm, discusses the issue of changing ideas about the human health in medicine. It is shown that as a result of changes in the conceptual understanding of health and the process of its restoration, the principle of achieving a commercially profitable, fast and controlled result is introduced into modern medicine, as a result of that the process of medical treatment is standardized and regulated. But the preservation of object optics of views in the medical industry, as shown in the article, becomes ineffective, moreover, risky in a situation of moving boundaries of the human health norm. To overcome the existing risks, new institutes and practices of ethical examination of health standards are being introduced into medicine. It is shown that the accepted deliberative practices of ethical expertise only introduce a procedure for taking into account the patient’s position regarding the boundaries of their health standards and the limits of medical intervention. At the same time, the patient’s position is considered as something ready, initially given, in other words, the classic “human project” continues to be defended in medicine.
Türkiye’de 2000 Sonrası El Halısı Üretimi ve Ticareti
Authors: ÖZTÜRK Bahadır
Published: January 2022

Türkiye’de halıcılık sektörü, 1990 sonrası makine halıcılığının da gelişmeye başlamasıyla, insan emeğine dayalı el halıcılığı ile sermayeye dayalı makine halıcılığı alanlarında iki farklı kulvarda üretim ve ticaret yaparak iç ve dış piyasa taleplerini karşılamaya çalışmıştır. 2000’ler ile el halıcığı alanında, üretim ve rekabet koşullarının değişmesi geçimini bu işten sağlayan bazı yerli üretici ve tüccarı, gelirlerinin daha fazla düşmemesi, olanın kaybedilmemesi, kazanç ve karlılığın arttırılması için halı ithal etmeye yönlendirmiştir. Üreticiler ya üretimlerini Uzak Doğuya kaydırmış ya da buralardan siparişle halı yaptırarak bir süre için yüksek miktarda ticaret yapmışlardır. Bunda dünya ekonomisinin küreselleşmesi ve Uzak Doğudakiler gibi işçilik maliyetlerinin düşük olduğu ülkelerde gelişen fason üretim şekli etkili olmuştur. Bu süreçte yerel el üretimi halıcılık günümüze geldikçe, her geçen yıl hızla azalarak bitme noktasına gelmiştir. El halıcılığının en önemli sorunu malzeme ve işçilik maliyetleridir. Bunula birlikte el halısı sektörü eski el dokuması halıların yeniden değerlendirilmesi kapsamında ihracatı geliştirici ve istihdam sağlayıcı yeni yollar geliştirse de el halıcılığının son durumu yirmi yıl öncesine göre çok kötüdür.Bu makalede, Türkiye’de el halıcılığının 2000 yılından günümüze yaşadığı gelişmeler, sorunlar ve sektörün geleceğine dair beklentiler ele alınmıştır. Bunun için, kalkınma planları, ticari veriler, sektörel yayınlar, toplantılar, Trademap’den ve sektör temsilcilerinden alınan güncel bilgilerden yararlanılmıştır. Türkiye’nin el halıcılığının yakın tarihine dair literatürde yöresel anlamda çalışmalar olmakla birlikte, bu çalışmanın genele bakan bir akademik çalışma olması, güncel bilgiler içermesi, sektörel önerilere yer vermesi açısından önemli olduğu düşünülmektedir.
[RETRACTED] Keto Trim Fast : Most Powerful Review & Fast Details! v1
Authors: not provided trimfastketo
Published: January 2022

[RETRACTED]

Ketosis has been one of the biggest weight loss buzzwords of the last decade. Ketosis is a proven weight loss process your body enters when fasting or following a keto diet.
[RETRACTED] Eagle Hemp CBD Gummies Price v1
Authors: not provided eaglecbdgum
Published: January 2022

[RETRACTED]

https://dailyiowan.com/2022/01/07/eagle-hemp-cbd-gummies-reviews-2022-cost-39-99-shark-tank-complaint/
[RETRACTED] K-e-t-o Trim Fast | Does Trim Fast k-e-t-o Works or Not! v1
Authors: Gross Vladimir
Published: January 2022

[RETRACTED]

Keto Trim Fast is becoming more popular daily. According to one recent study published by the Diabetes, Obesity, and Metabolism Journal, Keto Trim Fast stands out for its ability to burn fat for energy instead of carbohydrates. Known as ketosis, this action effectively increases weight loss and boosts energy. Additionally, Keto Trim Fast has been named the “Holy Grail” of weight loss by TV doctor Oz. OFFICIAL WEBSITE
Hetarenocoumarins based on 7-hydroxy-3-(benzothiazol-2-yl)coumarin
Authors:   Taras Shevchenko national University of Kyiv, Shokol Tetyana , Suprun Anastasiya ,   Taras Shevchenko national University of Kyiv, Moskvina Viktoriia ,   Taras Shevchenko national University of Kyiv, Khilya Volodymyr ,   Taras Shevchenko national University of Kyiv
Published: January 2022

The syntheses of angular hetarenocoumarins, namely chromeno[8,7-e][1,3]oxazin-2-ones and furo[2,3-h]chromen-2-one, have been accomplished starting from 7-hydroxy-3-(benzothiazol-2-yl)-coumarin using aminomethylation and formylation reactions.
IMPACT OF COVID-19 PANDEMIC ON BUSINESS ENVIRONMENT AND THE PACKAGING INDUSTRY
Authors:   Taras Shevchenko national University of Kyiv, Fyliuk H. M. , Yevsieieva-Severyna I. V. ,   Taras Shevchenko national University of Kyiv
Published: January 2022

The article investigates the key challenges which Ukrainian enterprises faced for the past two years (lack of raw materials, working capital deficit, absence of workers etc.). COVID-19 pandemic has forever changes the functioning environment and the consumption patterns. Previously, selecting the products, customers more focused their attention to such characteristics as quality, shelf-life, convenience of packaging, product safety and purchasing conditions. Nowadays, the hygiene and safety have become the most significant factors during product selection. The coronavirus pandemic has negatively affected a multitude of industries around the world. To survive in business environment, Ukrainian enterprises should implement the best modern practices of doing business. Such practices include the implementation of principles of circular economy, which involves reusing and recycling existing materials and products. Cradle to Cradle (or C2C) concept of regenerative design evaluates the product safety for society and the environment and aims to reduce production costs by continual reuse of materials. In this paper, it has highlighted the need of creation of an Extended Producer Responsibility Organization. Extended producer responsibility (EPR) focuses on the responsibility of the producer for the impacts of their product in the final stage of its life cycle, after consumption, and gives producers a greater motivation to design products that minimize environmental and health impacts. The world's largest companies have a great experience in implementation of such projects. EPR is aimed at decreasing total environmental impact from a product and its packaging, by ensuring that the producers of the product take responsibility for its entire lifecycle especially in recycling, and final disposal of their products, including packaging. Such practices increase the enterprise efficiency and promote the sustainable growth of Ukrainian companies.
Construction of Online English Offline Teaching Mode in the Era of Internet Plus
Authors: Zhang Mei
Published: January 2022

With the rapid development of Internet technology, its application in the field of education is more extensive and diversified, and plays a greater role in teaching. Grammar teaching is an important part of English teaching. The complexity of grammar in forestry English leads to the common problems of English grammar among students. Relying on the Internet technology to establish the cloud classroom intelligent platform, online and offline interactive English teaching can fully play the role of online teaching resources and information technology by combining online and offline. This method can activate the classroom and improve students' language application ability and learning interest. Based on this, this paper analyzes the application of cloud classroom intelligent platform in English teaching. Then this paper discusses its construction method and application strategy, aiming to provide reference for relevant researchers.
Scientific Study of Types of Network Architecture and Discussing Advantages Disadvantages
Authors: Rahim Robby
Published: January 2022

This paper will explain the theory of network architecture. The concept of network architecture is the combination of different layers of the network infrastructure. Each layer has specific roles. This paper will also discuss about the challenges in the implementation of any type of network architecture. The two types of networks will be discussed. There are number of components which are used to implement the network
Understanding the Concept of Data Warehousing and Challenges in Its Implementation
Authors: Soni Monika
Published: January 2022

The aim of this paper is to understand the concept of Data ware housing and how it is implemented. It is related to the data analysis of the data in an organisation. It facilitates and makes the analysis process easy for the workers of the organisation. The paper will also explain two approaches that are followed in data ware housing. The process of implementation of data ware house will also discussed further in this paper. There are certain challenges to create data ware house.
ESG Principles in International Business and Sustainable Contracts
Authors: Mazhorina M. V.
Published: January 2022

The concept of sustainable development has captured the world. It is altering society, generating new social patterns, reorganizing business and management models, testifying to the ultimate connectedness of the world and, as a result, encourages rethinking the legal superstructure, adapting supernova normative arrays to the current legal taxonomy, which is not always possible with taking into account the positivist approach to law. ESG principles have today become a kind of model for sustainable business development, due to which the goals of companies’ involvement in solving environmental, social and management problems are achieved. They have not only a vector effect, but also a regulatory, reputational; they have also an increasing impact on international business in a variety of industries. In addition, they are updating relatively new rating mechanisms that form the basis of investment, financial, credit, trade, corporate, management and other policies of companies. At the same time, ESG principles are segmented, fragmented and, as a rule, objectified externally in the form of norms of nonstate, often industry regulation. Without legally binding force, ESG principles are quite comparable with law in terms of the degree of impact on public relations and in terms of the resulting legal and economic consequences. Cross-border contracting practices are also changing, leading to the incorporation of “sustainability” clauses into contracts, as well as the emergence of the concept of a sustainable contract. The pre-contractual stage becomes more complicated, it requires human due diligence procedures, the formation and assessment of supply chains, the development of strategies for the disclosure of non-financial information, the study of legal risks taking into account the global law enforcement practice, as well as the establishment of methods and a jurisdictional forum for the resolution of disputes. International Commercial Arbitration claims to be attractive in resolving ESG disputes. These and other issues, taking into account their relevance, are studied in this paper.
On the Outcomes of the Scientific and Practical Conference “Ensuring Access to Justice in Criminal Proceedings in the Context of Digital Technologies Development”
Authors: Maslennikova L. N. , Sobenin A. A.
Published: January 2022

The paper provides an overview of the scientific and practical conference “Ensuring Access to Justice in Criminal Proceedings in the Context of Digital Technologies Development” held on June 22, 2021 in a mixed format. It was organized by the Office of the Commissioner for Human Rights in the Russian Federation and the Scientific and Educational Center for Human Rights of Kutafin Moscow State Law University (MSAL). The conference was devoted to topical issues of ensuring access to justice, the possibilities of digitalization to overcome restrictions in the work of law enforcement agencies and the judicial system, generalizing the experience of foreign states and the Russian Federation in ensuring the rights of participants in criminal proceedings. The conference was organized within the framework of the project of the Russian Foundation for Basic Research No. 18-29-16018 “The concept of building criminal proceedings that provide access to justice in the context of the development of digital technologies.”
Alternative Approaches to The Reform of Higher Education: Manageralism VS. New Public Service
Authors:   Southern Federal University, Korytsev Maksim A.
Published: January 2022

The article is devoted to the analysis of alternative approaches applicable to modern reform of higher education. Last three decades, the set of management technologies of the new public management (NPM) has significantly transformed higher education, introducing application some elements of quasi-markets and metric systems of performance indicators. Their large-scale use was reinforced by the ideology of new manageralism, which builds confidence among managers in effectiveness of their application in higher education. However, the experience of their practical implementation has given rise to negative effects and problems associated with emergence of institutional traps. These traps have become serious obstacles to development of modern higher education. The possible alternative when adjusting development in this sphere can be the concept of “the new public service”, which has been implemented in recent years within civil service reform. This new approach is based on cultivating the set of ethical values and principles that promote openness, transparency, democracy and cooperation between bureaucrats and consumers of public services. Due to some specifics of professional activity in the academic environment, its principles and values can be successfully applied in higher education too. The article offers an interpretation of application of this approach in the context of expanding project education and cultivating key values of the academic community in context of management of higher education.