bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
VOZES NA PANDEMIA: LEITURAS DE ANÁLISES DE DISCURSO
Authors: Pucci Penteado de Faria e Silva Adriana , De Oliveira Daniele
Published: June 2021

Neste artigo, o objetivo é apresentar, por diferentes vieses teóricos de análises de discurso, reflexões sobre sentidos que circularam durante os primeiros meses da pandemia provocada pelo novo coronavírus em nosso país. Para tanto, após trazer breves considerações sobre a área do conhecimento em que nos inserimos, propomos a análise de duas sequências de enunciados veiculados em diferentes mídias desde março de 2020. Tanto pela análise Dialógica do Discurso, que deriva dos estudos de Bakhtin e do Círculo, como pelos Estudos Críticos do Discurso, notadamente o trabalho de van Dijk, nossas análises nos permitem apontar para formas pelas quais embates sociais, históricos e ideológicos têm sido discursivizados neste período. Conclui-se que a pandemia lança nova luz sobre discursos de exclusão que historicamente constituem nossa sociedade.

 
OS RÓTICOS NO ESTADO DO ESPÍRITO SANTO
Authors: Vieira Shirley
Published: June 2021

Considerando a diversidade linguística acerca do rótico no Brasil, o presente artigo averigua suas variantes entre falantes do Estado do Espírito Santo. O estudo, pautado na Dialetologia e na Sociolinguística Laboviana, conta com 128 informantes, em entrevistas coletadas em 32 municípios capixabas. Os dados foram analisados utilizando o Goldvarb 2001, e representados espacialmente por meio de mapas. Como resultado, observamos em contexto final, alta taxa de apagamento da variável (81%). Nos demais contextos, houve predominância da variante fricativa glotal [h]. Em relação à distribuição espacial das variantes, observamos áreas de diferenciação em algumas microrregiões capixabas, sobretudo em regiões de forte imigração em seu processo de colonização. Destacamos o papel da variável gênero em nossos resultados, que mostram as mulheres como propulsoras no uso das formas mais inovadoras.
ENTRE BOLHAS E GRIETAS: A POLARIZAÇÃO POLÍTICO-IDEOLÓGICA NAS REDES SOCIAIS
Authors: De Lima Fábio Barbosa
Published: June 2021

Neste artigo, temos por objetivo apresentar considerações acerca de parte dos resultados de nosso estudo doutoral (LIMA, 2019) que se insere no campo da Pragmática Sociocultural ao analisar os fenômenos bolha e grieta nas interações em publicações de temática político-ideológica na rede social Facebook no Brasil e na Argentina, respectivamente, e seus desdobramentos para os estudos da descortesia em uma perspectiva comparada. Para o escopo teórico de nosso estudo, recorremos aos escritos sobre os estudos da descortesia realizados por Culpeper (2011), Kaul de Marlangeon (2008) e Cordisco e Kaul de Marlangeon (2014). Os resultados alcançados apontam que o cenário político na atualidade favorece a oposição “nós contra eles” e que os comportamentos descorteses assumem a função de fomentar a discussão, marcando a polarização nas redes sociais.
IMAGEM DISCURSIVA FEMININA NAS LETRAS DO SAMBA-CANÇÃO DE DOLORES DURAN E DO FUNK DE TATI QUEBRA BARRACO
Authors: Santana Gilvan Da Costa
Published: June 2021

A pesquisa que resultou em tese de doutoramento estabeleceu conexões entre Estudos Culturais e Análise de Discurso de linha francesa. Nessa direção, levou-se a efeito a propositura de ver o discurso como lugar em que se pode observar a relação entre língua e ideologia, compreendendo como a língua produz sentidos por/para sujeitos. Destarte, estabeleceu-se a análise da imagem discursiva feminina presente nas letras de música de Dolores Duran (samba-canção dos anos 1950) e de Tati Quebra Barraco (funk dos anos 2000). A escolha dos dois estilos musicais estudados se deu pela importância de ambos para se entender a moderna música popular brasileira e, preponderantemente, pela representatividade, no que tange à presença de mulheres com perfis real ou aparentemente antagônicos.
ESTUDO DAS UNIDADES SEMIFRASEOLÓGICAS EM TEXTOS AUTÊNTICOS DO FRANCÊS: AS COLOCAÇÕES
Authors: Sampaio Angelo De Souza , Ribeiro Silvana Soares Costa
Published: June 2021

Este artigo trata da importância dos estudos fraseológicos para a aquisição de uma língua estrangeira, destacando o aprendizado das sequências semifraseológicas do francês por aprendizes brasileiros. Está pautado, portanto, nos estudos do Léxico, dando ênfase à Fraseologia (POTTIER, 1974; MEJRI, 2012; TAGNIN, 2013; GONZÁLEZ-REY, 2015). O corpus é constituído por unidades fraseológicas encontrados no livro de contos infanto-juvenis Le Petit Nicolas (GOSCINNY; SEMPÉ, 1960), frequentemente recomendado como leitura paradidática nas aulas de Francês Língua Estrangeira (FLE). São apresentados os primeiros resultados da pesquisa, trazendo análises referentes às colocações. Entre outros resultados alcançados, observou-se que esse tipo de unidade lexical nem sempre encontra equivalência fraseológica direta entre o francês e o português, aumentando a complexidade da leitura de textos autênticos.
ESCRITA NO BRASIL QUINHENTISTA: UMA ANÁLISE DAS GRAFIAS NOS LIVROS DA PRIMEIRA VISITAÇÃO DO TRIBUNAL DA INQUISIÇÃO EM PERNAMBUCO, ITAMARACÁ E PARAÍBA
Authors: Gandra Ana Sartori
Published: June 2021

Tomando-se como base os livros produzidos durante a Primeira Visitação da Inquisição Portuguesa ao Brasil, é realizada uma análise de aspectos da escrita no início da colonização brasileira. Aqui são abordadas as grafias, os sinais abreviativos e os sinais diacríticos de dois dos livros da Primeira Visitação: o Quarto Livro de Denunciações e o Terceiro Livro de Confissões, ambos redigidos ao final do século XVI, durante a visita às Capitanias de Pernambuco, Itamaracá e Paraíba. As mãos que redigiram os referidos livros são a do notário do Santo Ofício, Manuel Francisco, e a do visitador, Heitor Furtado de Mendonça. Os aspectos da escrita analisados são ilustrados através de quadros, em que se apresentam imagens retiradas dos fac-similes dos manuscritos, que se encontram disponíveis no site do Arquivo Nacional da Torre do Tombo, arquivo onde estão atualmente depositados os originais.
“É POUCO ['pok], MAS É MEU”: ANÁLISE COMPARATIVA DO APAGAMENTO DAS VOGAIS ALTAS FINAIS EM LOCALIDADES DA BAHIA E DE MINAS GERAIS
Authors: Sá Tele de Araújo Rolo Maria Do Carmo , Mota Jacyra Andrade
Published: June 2021

Este trabalho visa confrontar o apagamento das vogais altas finais [ɪ] e [ʊ], na comunidade rural de Beco (ROLO, 2010), com os resultados de quatro localidades: Bom Jesus da Lapa e Macaúbas, na Bahia; e Almenara e Itaobim, em Minas Gerais (ROLO, 2016). Para esta análise, assumem-se os postulados da Sociolinguística Variacionista (LABOV, 2008 [1972]), bem como os pressupostos da Dialetologia Pluridimensional. A amostra compõe-se de 40 inquéritos realizados pelo próprio pesquisador. Como variáveis linguísticas, consideram-se a consoante pré-vocálica e contexto fonético seguinte. Como variáveis extralinguísticas, consideram-se sexo, faixa etária, tipo de questionário e localidade. O confronto de dados mostra que, em Beco, realiza-se majoritariamente mais apagamento, tanto para [ʊ] quanto para [ɪ]. Itaobim, em Minas Gerais, apresenta a mesma tendência de apagamento observada em Beco.
“NA QUAL SE LHES ENSINE [...] A LER, ESCREVER, ECONTAR”: POLÍTICA LINGUÍSTICA E ESCOLA PARA ÍNDIOS NA BAHIA (1758-1834)
Authors: Souza Pedro Daniel Dos Santos
Published: June 2021

A política de gestão das línguas na América portuguesa, expressa no Diretório dos índios, previa a proibição do uso da língua geral e das línguas próprias dos diversos grupos etnolinguísticos indígenas e, consequentemente, a adoção e o ensino da “Lingua do Principe”, nas povoações e vilas de índios erigidas na segunda metade do século XVIII. Essa política linguística e suas formas de implementação por meio escola para índios configuram-se como variáveis fundamentais para a compreensão do avanço da língua portuguesa nesses espaços. Fundamentando-se na História social da cultura escrita, este trabalho discute a atuação dos escrivães das Câmeras das vilas de índios da Bahia setecentista, quanto à obrigação de ensinar a “ler, escrever e contar aos meninos”, assim como as reconfigurações demográfico-linguísticas resultantes desse processo. Os dados discutidos abrem caminhos de interpretação sobre a construção das vilas de índios e suas implicações linguísticas, por meio do mapeamento do cumprimento das orientações do Diretório quanto à abertura de escolas públicas e à sua abrangência, ou seja, até que ponto estavam ou não generalizadas, o papel que desempenharam na eliminação de línguas e culturas e se cumpriram o objetivo de ensinar a ler e a escrever.
EVIDÊNCIAS SOCIOLINGUÍSTICAS SOBRE OS USOS DO IMPERATIVO NO INTERIOR DA BAHIA
Authors: Santos Lanuza Lima
Published: June 2021

Este artigo analisa o uso variável do modo imperativo no português popular da Bahia, fundamentado no enquadramento teórico-metodológico da Sociolinguística Variacionista (WEINREICH; LABOV; HERZOG 2006 [1968]; LABOV, 2008 [1972]).  O trabalho apresenta a alternância entre formas morfologicamente associadas ao indicativo (canta/não canta) e ao subjuntivo (cante/não cante) na expressão do modo imperativo em dados de fala de comunidades rurais da Bahia (Santo Antônio de Jesus, Poções, Barra e Bananal, Cinzento, Sapé e Helvécia). A análise quantitativa aponta a prevalência das formas do indicativo (canta) nessas comunidades. Esse resultado amplia o conhecimento acerca dos falares da Bahia e abre novas perspectivas de investigação acerca das isoglossas do imperativo ao apontar a complexidade da distribuição do fenômeno no estado.
10 ANOS DO PPGLinC – OS EGRESSOS EM FOCO: UMA APRESENTAÇÃO
Authors: Ribeiro Silvana Soares Costa , Figueiredo Cristina , Paim Marcela Moura Torres , Romano Valter Pereira
Published: June 2021

Para comemorar os 10 anos de criação do Programa de Pós-Graduação em Língua e Cultura da Universidade Federal da Bahia, doravante PPGLinC, no ano de 2020, o Colegiado do Programa realizou uma série de ações acadêmicas para marcar a data. Dentre elas lançou editais, incentivando a publicação de trabalhos de discentes de Mestrado e Doutorado, que culminaram com a produção de uma obra em dois volumes, intitulados: Volume 1, Língua em Movimento: História e funcionamento das línguas naturais, e Volume 2, Língua em Movimento: Estudos em linguagem e interação, totalizando 42 artigos, cuja autoria principal é de um discente do programa; organizou o I Fórum de Autoavaliação e Planejamento Estratégico do PPGLinC (conduzido pela Comissão de Avaliação e Planejamento Estratégico) e promoveu o Seminário Comemorativo PPGLinC 10 anos que ocorreu em dezembro de 2020, em conjunto com o Seminário Estudantil de Pesquisa (SEPESQ), evento que congrega alunos de Graduação e Pós-Graduação do Instituto de Letras da UFBA. Como outra ação comemorativa, visando convidar para a festa do conhecimento os egressos do PPGLinC, sugeriu-se aos editores da Revista Estudos Linguísticos e Literários que avaliassem a possibilidade de organização de um Dossiê da Revista ELL, ou de um número especial na edição da Revista do 2º semestre de 2020, dedicado à divulgação de artigos de egressos do PPGLinC. Coube a duas docentes da UFBA e a dois outros colegas de instituições de ensino superior do Brasil (UFRPE e UFSC) a tarefa da organização do Dossiê.
ALCOOLGELSON, COVIDSON E CORONALDA: PRENOMES DE PESSOAS EM TEMPOS DE PANDEMIA NO BRASIL
Authors: Soledade Juliana
Published: June 2021

Este artigo se dedica ao estudo da antroponímia brasileira, em especial, às projeções sobre os possíveis nomes de pessoas no suposto cenário pós-pandemia. Com base em dados coletados nas mídias sociais, buscamos analisar os prenomes inovadores a partir da perspectiva da morfologia construcional. Os resultados corroboram as evidências de que os nomes inovadores no Brasil são essencialmente biformativos e seguem padrões esquemáticos já previstos no sistema antroponímico do português brasileiro.
AGENCIAMENTO DE ALUNOS NO PROCESSO DE COMPREENSÃO LEITORA: ATITUDES METACOGNITIVAS DO LEITOR EM TEXTOS SOBRE A COVID-19
Authors: Leal Abniza Pontes de Barros , Pelosi Ana Cristina , De Almeida Júnior Antenor Teixeira , Oliveira Suelene Silva
Published: June 2021

Este trabalho apresenta uma investigação descritiva da compreensão leitora com o objetivo de verificar como os processos cognitivos devem ser agenciados pelo professor durante a leitura de textos multissemióticos sobre a COVID-19 para desenvolver no aluno uma atitude metacognitiva. Embasamos nossa pesquisa nos trabalhos de Sánchez, Garcia e Rosales (2012) e Botelho (2015). Para tanto, trabalhamos com os conceitos de agenciamento como ação de mediação entre professor-texto-leitor e de processos cognitivos que levam os alunos a extrair, interpretar e refletir como ação orientadora para a atividade de compreensão superficial, profunda e reflexiva. Assim argumentamos, com base em dois textos multissemióticos, que o agenciamento, determinado por objetivos claros com foco em cada etapa dos processos cognitivos, desenvolve uma atitude metacognitiva autônoma nos alunos.
GERENCIAMENTO DE RESÍDUOS SÓLIDOS DO COMPLEXO MILITAR FORTE SANTA BÁRBARA – FORMOSA-GO
Authors: Jacinto Cícero Alves , Abreu Lucijane Monteiro de , Ribeiro Elaine Nolasco
Published: June 2021

O objetivo deste estudo foi realizar um diagnóstico do sistema de gerenciamento de resíduos sólidos do Complexo Militar do Exército Brasileiro, Forte Santa Bárbara (Complexo FSB), em Formosa-GO, sob a égide da Lei 12.305/10. O levantamento dos dados ocorreu nos meses de abril a julho de 2018 por meio de visitas in loco, entrevistas e amostragem dos resíduos. Os resultados obtidos no diagnóstico indicaram que a instituição não faz a segregação de resíduos para o descarte, exceto a fração orgânica gerada no refeitório. Identificou-se que são geradas cerca de 3,6 ton/mês de resíduos, considerando a população de 1.000 indivíduos, sendo que 49% dos resíduos são orgânicos e originados, em grande maioria, no refeitório; 37% são recicláveis; e apenas 14% são rejeitos. Os resíduos sólidos da saúde gerados na Seção Sanitária e os gerados no setor de oficinas e garagens possuem destinação final ambientalmente adequada. Os resíduos e rejeitos são coletados pelo serviço de limpeza urbana de Formosa-GO e encaminhados para o aterro controlado da cidade. Concluiu-se que o gerenciamento dos resíduos sólidos, produzidos pelo Complexo FSB, precisa se adequar à Lei 12.305/10.

Palavras-chave: Plano de gerenciamento. Coleta seletiva. Caracterização de resíduos. Exército. Cerrado.

 

SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT OF THE MILITARY COMPLEX FORTE SANTA BÁRBARA – FORMOSA/GO

Abstract

The aim of this study was to carry out a diagnosis of the solid waste management system of the Brazilian Army Military Complex named Forte Santa Bárbara (Complex FSB), located in Formosa, in the state of Goiás/Brazil, under the aegis of the Law 12.305/10. Data collection was carried out from April to July 2018 through on-site visits, interviews, and waste sampling. The results obtained in the diagnosis indicated that the institution does not separate waste for proper disposal, except for the organic fraction generated in the cafeteria, it was identified that, considering a population of 1,000 individuals, about 3,6 ton/month of residues is generated; 49% of it is organic and originated in its vast majority in the cafeteria; 37% is recyclable; and only 14% configures waste. The solid health residues generated in the Sanitary Section and those generated in the garages sectors have an environmentally appropriate destination. Wastes and residues are collected by the urban cleaning service of Formosa and sent to the city’s-controlled landfill. It was concluded that the management of solid waste produced by the FSB Complex needs to comply with the Law 12.305/10.
Keywords: Management plan. Selective collect. Waste characterization. Army. Cerrado.
MAPEAMENTO DE SUSCETIBILIDADE À INUNDAÇÃO UTILIZANDO O MÉTODO DA RAZÃO DE FREQUÊNCIA APLICADO À BACIA DO RIACHO FUNDO - DISTRITO FEDERAL
Authors: Oliveira Chaves Hugo Leonardo , Costa Maria Elisa Leite , Koide Sérgio , De Almeida Tati , Cicerelli Rejane Ennes
Published: June 2021

O mapeamento de suscetibilidade à inundação é importante para o manejo da dinâmica do uso do solo e, consequentemente, da hidrologia urbana local. O presente estudo produziu o mapa de suscetibilidade à inundação na Bacia do Riacho Fundo, Distrito Federal, utilizando o método estatístico bivariado Razão de Frequência (Frequency Ratio), com 30 pontos de inundação observados em 2018 como pontos de treinamento (71%) e outros 12 pontos de inundação (29%) como pontos de validação para desenvolvimento do modelo. O modelo é composto de 12 fatores de influência: declividade, curvatura, aspecto, hipsometria, distância dos rios, índice de potência de escoamento, índice de transporte de sedimento, índice topográfico de umidade, índice de rugosidade do terreno, índice de escoamento superficial, uso e cobertura do solo e geologia. Todas as variáveis com um tamanho de pixel de 12,5 m x 12,5 m. Os fatores de uso e cobertura do solo e geologia local mostraram-se os mais influentes no modelo. A validação do modelo foi realizada utilizando o método da área sob a curva, com uma acurácia de 85,75%. O estudo mostra que o método pode ser usado para auxiliar no estudo de planos de controle e mitigação de inundação em centros urbanos, como a locação preliminar de bacias de detenção.Palavras-chave: suscetibilidade, inundação, mapeamento, razão de frequência, geoprocessamento. FLOOD SUSCEPTIBILITY MAPPING USING THE FREQUENCY RATIO METHOD APPLIED TO THE RIACHO FUNDO BASIN - FEDERAL DISTRICTAbstractFlood susceptibility mapping is important to the management of the urban hydrological dynamic and to the studies conducted to prevent the flood-based problems. This study has produced a flood susceptibility map using a bivariate statistical analysis named frequency ratio (FR) model applied in the Riacho Fundo catchment, with 30 flooding locations (71%) for statistical analysis as training dataset and 12 remaining points (29%) were applied to validate the developed model. Twelve conditioning factors were considered in this study: slope, curvature, aspect, elevation, distance to river, stream power index (SPI), sediment transport index (STI), topographic wetness index (TWI), terrain roughness index (TRI), superficial runoff index, land use/land cover (LULC) and geology. All these variables were resampled into 12.5×12.5 m pixel size. The model showed LULC and geology as the most influential factors in flooding. The AUC for success rate was 85.75% with the training points. The study shows the method can be used in studies of plans to mitigate and control flooding in urban centers, as preliminary lease of ponds.Keywords: susceptibility, flooding, mapping, frequency ratio, geoprocessing.
A PIT‐tag–based method for measuring individual bait uptake in small mammals
Authors: Beatham Sarah E. , Goodwin Dominic , Coats Julia , Stephens Philip A. , Massei Giovanna
Published: June 2021

Rodents and other small mammals cause an increasing number of negative economic and environmental impacts worldwide. In the UK, the non‐native grey squirrel has a significant impact on the forestry industry and has caused the decline of the native red squirrel.

Baits are used to deliver biocides and contraceptives to reduce overabundant wildlife populations and as vehicles for vaccines to control disease outbreaks. Bait‐delivered contraceptives are also being developed to manage grey squirrel populations in the UK. The effectiveness of bait‐delivered drugs on wildlife populations depends on the amount of bait consumed by individuals over time; therefore, it is important to understand individual level bait uptake in order to optimize delivery methods.

Passive integrated transponder (PIT) tags are increasingly used to mark and monitor animal behaviour as they are cost‐effective, have minimal negative welfare impacts and have a lower tag loss rate than external tags, particularly in small animals.

The aim of this study was to design and test a novel bait hopper equipped with a PIT‐tag reader and bait‐weighing device, to record bait uptake by individual grey squirrels for optimizing the delivery of a contraceptive bait. The hopper was designed to overcome some of the limitations of traditional PIT‐tag systems, by improving battery life and the quality and quantity of data collected in the field.

In captive trials, the hopper proved to be highly effective at recording feeding visits by squirrels, as 95% of the visits could be attributed to a PIT‐tag record. The hoppers measured the amount of bait removed per feeding visit to an accuracy of 0.1 g, with 97% of the bait taken from six hoppers attributed to a PIT‐tag ID. In a field trial, the hoppers were effective at recording the feeding visits by grey squirrels in two woods, with 47 of the 51 PIT‐tagged grey squirrels entering the hoppers.

The adaptability of the hopper design means that it has wider applications for wildlife management; in particular, efficacy studies for bait‐delivered substances in the context of wildlife disease control and/or population reduction.
Adaptive output regulation for one‐dimensional parabolic equation with nonlocal term
Authors: Liu Weiwei , Wang Jun‐Min
Published: June 2021

In this article, we develop the adaptive error feedback regulator design for one‐dimensional heat equation with a nonlocal term and disturbances which are located all the channels. First, we construct a transformation to transform the original system into the first auxiliary system, and in this system the measurable tracking error becomes output, both the disturbances located at the in‐domain and the control end are transformed to the uncontrolled end. Next, we design an observer for the first auxiliary system and an estimation mechanism for unknown parameters based on measurable tracking error. Then, by another transformation, we obtain the second auxiliary system, in which the disturbances and the reference signal are collocated with the control. Finally, the adaptive error feedback regulator is designed by using the backstepping method. The simulation results show that the regulator makes the tracking error asymptotically tend to zero and the state of the closed‐loop system is bounded.
Finite‐time asynchronous control of linear time‐varying switched systems
Authors: Wang Ronghao , Xing Jianchun , Xiang Zhengrong
Published: June 2021

In the framework of asynchronous control, finite‐time stabilization and finite‐time bounded stabilization of linear time‐varying (LTV) switched systems are investigated. A necessary and sufficient condition for finite‐time stability (FTS) of LTV switched systems is proposed based on differential matrix inequalities (DMIs). Moreover, we extend the FTS result to the case of finite‐time boundedness (FTB), and present a sufficient condition of FTB for LTV switched systems using the average dwell time method which can be used for design proposes. Then we turn to the design problem of asynchronously switched control to guarantee FTS or FTB of LTV switched systems and give a sufficient condition for the state feedback stabilization in the form of nonlinear DMIs (NDMIs). A numerical method is proposed to solve NDMIs approximately. Finally, two examples are given to illustrate the validity of the results.
Silicon in Hollow Carbon Nanospheres Assembled Microspheres Cross‐linked with N‐doped Carbon Fibers toward a Binder Free, High Performance, and Flexible Anode for Lithium‐Ion Batteries
Authors: Zhu Ruiyu , Wang Zehua , Hu Xuejiao , Liu Xiaojie , Wang Hui
Published: June 2021

Silicon (Si), as the most promising anode material, has drawn tremendous attention to substitute commercially used graphite for lithium‐ion batteries (LIBs). However, recently, the insufficiently high structural stabilities and electron/ion conductivities of silicon‐based composites have become the main concerns, hindering the further progress of silicon as the anode material for LIBs. Herein, to cope with these concerns, a binder‐free and free‐standing type anode electrode paper is fabricated from self‐assembled microspheres and intertwined fabrics, in which a 3D interconnected nitrogen/carbon network connects hollow carbon nanospheres with uniformly distributed silicon nanodots (SHCM/NCF). The as‐prepared SHCM/NCF paper maintains a reversible capacity of 1442 mAh g−1 at 1 A g−1 for 800 cycles in lithium half‐cell, and 450 mAh g−1 at 0.5 A g−1 for 200 cycles in lithium full‐cell, respectively. The excellent battery performances are mainly attributed to the free‐standing paper electrode suppressing side reactions, nitrogen/carbon networks maintaining electrical contact, and silicon nanodots alleviating the harm caused by volume expansion. Furthermore, this excellent performance combined with the simplicity of the synthesis method and the saving of excess polymer binder, current collector and conducting additives, make the designed paper exhibit great potential in practical applications.
Rational Design of Soft Yet Elastic Lamellar Graphene Aerogels via Bidirectional Freezing for Ultrasensitive Pressure and Bending Sensors
Authors: Min Peng , Li Xiaofeng , Liu Pengfei , Liu Ji , Jia Xue‐Qin , Li Xiao‐Peng , Yu Zhong‐Zhen
Published: June 2021

To enhance the sensitivity of graphene aerogel‐based piezoresistive sensors by weakening their compressive strength while keeping their elasticity, lightweight and lamellar graphene aerogels (LGAs) with high elasticity and satisfactory electrical conductance networks are fabricated by bidirectional‐freezing of aqueous suspensions of graphene oxide in the presence of small amounts of organic solvents, followed by lyophilizing and thermal annealing. Because of the lamellar structure of the LGA, its compressive strength along the direction perpendicular to the lamellar surface is much lower than those of both isotropic and unidirectionally aligned graphene aerogels with similar apparent densities, leading to an ultrasensitive LGA‐based piezoresistive sensor with a high sensitivity of −3.69 kPa−1 and a low detection limit of 0.15 Pa. The ultrahigh sensitivity and low detection limit of LGA‐based piezoresistive sensor contribute to detecting subtle pressure at room temperature and in liquid nitrogen with ability to detect dynamic force frequency and sound vibration. Besides, thanks to the fewer junction points between the graphene lamellae, LGAs slices can be integrated as a wide‐range and sensitive bending sensor, which can detect arbitrary bending angles from 0° to 180° with a low detection limit of 0.29°, and is efficient in detecting biosignals of wrist pulse and finger bending.
Ultrasound‐Responsive Nanopeptisomes Enable Synchronous Spatial Imaging and Inhibition of Clot Growth in Deep Vein Thrombosis
Authors: Sloand Janna N. , Rokni Eric , Watson Connor T. , Miller Michael A. , Manning Keefe B. , Simon Julianna C. , Medina Scott H.
Published: June 2021

Deep vein thrombosis (DVT) is a life‐threatening blood clotting condition that, if undetected, can cause deadly pulmonary embolisms. Critical to its clinical management is the ability to rapidly detect, monitor, and treat thrombosis. However, current diagnostic imaging modalities lack the resolution required to precisely localize vessel occlusions and enable clot monitoring in real time. Here, we rationally design fibrinogen‐mimicking fluoropeptide nanoemulsions, or nanopeptisomes (NPeps), that allow contrast‐enhanced ultrasound imaging of thrombi and synchronous inhibition of clot growth. The theranostic duality of NPeps is imparted via their intrinsic binding to integrins overexpressed on platelets activated during coagulation. The platelet‐bound nanoemulsions can be vaporized and oscillate in an applied acoustic field to enable contrast‐enhanced Doppler ultrasound detection of thrombi. Concurrently, nanoemulsions bound to platelets competitively inhibit secondary platelet–fibrinogen binding to disrupt further clot growth. Continued development of this synchronous theranostic platform may open new opportunities for image‐guided, non‐invasive, interventions for DVT and other vascular diseases.
Spin Injection Efficiency at Metallic Interfaces Probed by THz Emission Spectroscopy
Authors: Hawecker Jacques , Dang Thi‐Huong , Rongione Enzo , Boust James , Collin Sophie , George Jean‐Marie , Drouhin Henri‐Jean , Laplace Yannis , Grasset Romain , Dong Jingwei , Mangeney Juliette , Tignon Jerome , Jaffrès Henri , Perfetti Luca , Dhillon Sukhdeep
Published: June 2021

Terahertz (THz) spin‐to‐charge conversion has become an increasingly important process for THz pulse generation and as a tool to probe ultrafast spin interactions at magnetic interfaces. However, its relation to traditional, steady state, ferromagnetic resonance techniques is poorly understood. Here, nanometric trilayers of Co/X/Pt (X = Ti, Au or an Au:W alloy) are investigated as a function of the “X” layer thickness, where THz emission generated by the inverse spin Hall effect is compared to the Gilbert damping of the ferromagnetic resonance. Through the insertion of the “X” layer it is shown that the ultrafast spin current injected in the non‐magnetic layer defines a direct‐spin‐conductance, whereas the Gilbert damping leads to an effective spin‐mixing‐conductance of the trilayer. Importantly, it is shown that these two parameters are connected to each other and that spin‐memory‐losses can be modeled via an effective Hamiltonian with Rashba fields. This work highlights that magneto‐circuit concepts can be successfully extended to ultrafast spintronic devices, as well as enhancing the understanding of spin‐to‐charge conversion processes through the complementarity between ultrafast THz spectroscopy and steady state techniques.
Guanidine‐Templated Manganese Halides Single Crystals toward Efficient Mechanoluminescence and Photoluminescence by Supramolecular Interactions Modulation
Authors: Liu Xiaoting , Ge Chengda , Yang Ziqi , Song Yilong , Wang Anran , Kang Yifei , Li Bao , Dong Qingfeng
Published: June 2021

Interaction between organic molecule and inorganic frameworks can significantly change the photophysical properties of organic metal‐halides hybrid materials. Here, a family of guanidine‐based manganese‐halides is synthesized via supramolecular interactions modulation by adjusting conjugated degree and the number of hydrogen‐bonding donors in the guanidine‐based templates cations, which further endows intriguing optoelectrical properties. Single‐crystalline mono‐gua (gua = (C(NH2)3+)) and bigua‐functional group (bigua = (C(NH2)2NHC(NH2)2)2+)‐based manganese‐halides are prepared and efficient phosphorescence as well as strong mechanoluminescence (ML) are achieved by modulating the hydrogen‐bonding interaction and CH⋯π interaction with the manganese‐halides. The stronger weak interaction between the metal‐halides and organic ligands greatly reduces the molecular vibration and rotation of [MnBr4]2− and suppresses the non‐radiative transition under mechanical stimuli, which is favorable for ML. Based on this unique character of ML, a pressure sensor can be made as is demonstrated in this article by fabricating a highly uniform wafer‐sized (gua)2MnBr4 film. Furthermore, arc discharge is observed for the first time in the organic manganese halides during cooling‐induced shrinkage of crystals in the (gua)2MnBr4 system with highly symmetric and conjugated gua‐ligands.
Soil acidification in a continuous cotton production system
Authors: Ghimire Rajan , Parajulee Megha N. , Acharya Pramod , Dhakal Dol P. , Hakeem Abdul , Lewis Katie L.
Published: June 2021

Effects of nitrogen (N) fertilization on soil organic carbon (SOC) and total N are well established, but their effects on soil acidification and emerging soil health indicators such as labile N and carbon (C) pools are not adequately documented. This research evaluated soil N and C pools and soil pH with long‐term N management in continuous cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) production. Residual soil inorganic N, potentially mineralizable N and C, total N, SOC, pH, and electrical conductivity were measured after 17 yr of continuous N application. Comparison of five N rates (0, 56, 112, 168, and 224 kg ha–1) showed an increase in residual inorganic N pools and decrease in pH with an increase in N application rate, while other parameters did not change significantly. Soil acidification was significant with 168 and 224 kg N ha–1 rates. Soil pH dropped by 0.039 per kilogram increase in residual inorganic N. Optimizing N rate that minimizes residual inorganic N can reduce soil acidification.
Highly Enantioselective Iridium(I)‐Catalyzed Hydrocarbonation of Alkenes: A Versatile Approach to Heterocyclic Systems Bearing Quaternary Stereocenters
Authors: Arribas Andrés , Calvelo Martín , Fernández David F. , Rodrigues Catarina A. B. , Mascareñas José L. , López Fernando
Published: June 2021

We report a versatile, highly enantioselective intramolecular hydrocarbonation reaction that provides a direct access to heteropolycyclic systems bearing chiral quaternary carbon stereocenters. The method, which relies on an iridium(I)/bisphosphine chiral catalyst, is particularly efficient for the synthesis of five‐, six‐ and seven‐membered fused indole and pyrrole products, bearing one and two stereocenters, with enantiomeric excesses of up to >99 %. DFT computational studies allowed to obtain a detailed mechanistic profile and identify a cluster of weak non‐covalent interactions as key factors to control the enantioselectivity.
Successive Storage of Cations and Anions by Ligands of π–d‐Conjugated Coordination Polymers Enabling Robust Sodium‐Ion Batteries
Authors: Chen Yuan , Zhu Qin , Fan Kun , Gu Yuming , Sun Mingxuan , Li Zengyu , Zhang Chenyang , Wu Yanchao , Wang Qian , Xu Shuaifei , Ma Jing , Wang Chengliang , Hu Wenping
Published: June 2021

The oxidation of π–d‐conjugated coordination polymers (CCPs) accompanied with anion insertion has the merits of increasing the capacity and elevating the discharge voltages. However, previous reports on this mechanism either required more investigations or showed low capacity and poor cyclablity. Herein, triphenylene‐catecholate‐based two‐dimensional CCPs are constructed by employing inactive transition‐metal ions (Zn2+) as nodes, forming Zn‐HHTP. Substantial characterizations and theoretical calculations indicate the successive storage of cations and anions by redox reactions of only ligands, leading to a high reversible capacity of ≈150 mAh g−1 at 100 mA g−1 and a remarkable capacity retention of 90 % after 1000 cycles. On the contrary, as a control experiment, the analogous CCPs (Cu‐HHTP) with Cu2+ nodes, where both ligands and metal ions undergo redox reactions, accompanied by the storage of only Na+ cations, show a much poorer cyclability. These results highlight the importance of redox reactions of only ligands for long‐term cycle life and the insight into the storage mechanisms deepens our understanding on CCPs for the further design of CCPs with high performance.
Photoelektronen‐Zirkulardichroismus im Photodetachment von Aminosäuren‐Anionen
Authors: Krüger Peter , Weitzel Karl‐Michael
Published: June 2021

Die Chiralität chemischer Verbindungen ist in Wissenschaft und Technik von unumstrittener Bedeutung. Insbesondere im Hinblick auf pharmazeutische Anwendungen sind jedoch viele Moleküle von Interesse, die mit den leistungsfähigen Methoden, welche in den letzten Jahren für Analyten in der Gasphase entwickelt wurden, nicht untersucht werden können. Hier zeigen wir, dass die Kombination der Elektrosprayionisation (ESI) mit der Detektion des Photoelektronen‐Zirkulardichroismus (PECD) Zugang zu Chiralitätsinformationen molekularer Materialien mit vernachlässigbarem Dampfdruck, z. B. Aminosäuren, bietet. Zu diesem Zweck wurden Glutaminsäure und 3,4‐Dihydroxyphenylalanin (DOPA) mittels ESI in ein Chiralitätsspektrometer überführt, in welchem Photodetachment ausgelöst und der PECD detektiert wird. Es ist zu erwarten, dass diese Technik konzeptionell auf alle chemischen Systeme anwendbar ist, deren Chiralität auf molekularen Eigenschaften basiert.
Site‐ and Enantioselective Iridium‐Catalyzed Desymmetric Mono‐Hydrogenation of 1,4‐Dienes
Authors: Wu Haibo , Su Hao , Schulze Erik J. , Peters Bram B. C. , Nolan Mark D. , Yang Jianping , Singh Thishana , Ahlquist Mårten S. G. , Andersson Pher G.
Published: June 2021

The control of site selectivity in asymmetric mono‐hydrogenation of dienes or polyenes remains largely underdeveloped. Herein, we present a highly efficient desymmetrization of 1,4‐dienes via iridium‐catalyzed site‐ and enantioselective hydrogenation. This methodology demonstrates the first iridium‐catalyzed hydrogenative desymmetriation of meso dienes and provides a concise approach to the installation of two vicinal stereogenic centers adjacent to an alkene. High isolated yields (up to 96 %) and excellent diastereo‐ and enantioselectivities (up to 99:1 d.r. and 99 % ee) were obtained for a series of divinyl carbinol and divinyl carbinamide substrates. DFT calculations reveal that an interaction between the hydroxy oxygen and the reacting hydride is responsible for the stereoselectivity of the desymmetrization of the divinyl carbinol. Based on the calculated energy profiles, a model that simulates product distribution over time was applied to show an intuitive kinetics of this process. The usefulness of the methodology was demonstrated by the synthesis of the key intermediates of natural products zaragozic acid A and (+)‐invictolide.
Sequential Continuous‐Flow Synthesis of 3‐Aryl Benzofuranones
Authors: Xin Hai‐Long , Rao Xiaofeng , Ishitani Haruro , Kobayashi Shū
Published: June 2021

A sequential continuous‐flow system to produce 3‐aryl benzofuranones was developed. Starting from 2,4‐di‐tert‐butylphenol and glyoxylic acid monohydrate, both the initial cyclocondensation and the subsequent Friedel−Crafts alkylation were catalyzed by the same heterogeneous catalyst, Amberlyst‐15H. The catalyst has a promising life‐time for these two steps, and it was able to be recovered and reused for several runs without deactivation. By using the established flow system, 5,7‐di‐tert‐butyl‐3‐(3,4‐dimethylphenyl)‐3H‐benzofuran‐2‐one (Irganox HP‐136), which is a commercial antioxidant, was prepared in 88% two‐step yield. Reactions with various aromatic compounds proceeded well under flow conditions to afford 3‐aryl benzo‐furanone derivatives in high yields with good functional group compatibility.
Multicomponent Bioluminescence Imaging with Naphthylamino Luciferins
Authors: Brennan Caroline K. , Ornelas Marya Y. , Yao Zi W. , Prescher Jennifer A.
Published: June 2021

Bioluminescent tools have been used for decades to image processes in complex tissues and preclinical models. However, few distinct probes are available to probe multicellular interactions. We and others are addressing this limitation by engineering new luciferases that can selectively process synthetic luciferin analogues. In this work, we explored naphthylamino luciferins as orthogonal bioluminescent probes. Three analogues were prepared using an optimized synthetic route. The luciferins were found to be robust emitters with native luciferase in vitro and in cellulo. We further screened the analogues against libraries of luciferase mutants to identify unique enzyme‐substrate pairs. The new probes can be used in conjunction with existing bioluminescent tools for multi‐component imaging.
Percutaneous artErial closure devices and ultrasound‐guided Trans‐femoRal puncture ObservatioNal InvestigatiOn: Insights from the PETRONIO registry
Authors: Iannopollo Gianmarco , Nobile Giampiero , Lanzilotti Valerio , Capecchi Alessandro , Verardi Roberto , Bruno Matteo , Somaschini Alberto , Rubboli Andrea , Di Pasquale Giuseppe , Casella Gianni
Published: June 2021

Objective

To evaluate the safety of a single and combined use of ultrasound‐guided femoral puncture (U) and percutaneous arterial closure devices (P) in femoral artery procedures (FAP) compared to fluoroscopic guidance (F) and manual compression (M) in a large radial‐focused interventional centre.

Background

U and P, taken individually, have improved safety in femoral arterial access procedures compared to traditional techniques.

Methods

All FAP performed between July 2017 and December 2018 in our centre were divided into three phases: (a) control period with F and M mainly performed; (b) phase out period where U and P were introduced; (c) intervention period where a 6‐month expertise on the novel techniques was acquired. The overall population was further stratified into subgroups: F/M, U/M, F/P, U/P. The primary study endpoint was in‐hospital access site bleeding events (BE) according to the BARC criteria. The secondary endpoint was vascular site complications (VASC).

Results

Four hundred eighteen procedures (14%) out of 3025 were performed via FA access during the study period. The overall access‐site in‐hospital BE were 97 (23%). Decreasing rates of BE (phase 1: n = 46, 29%; phase 2: n = 38, 22% e phase 3: n = 13, 15%; p = 0.027) and VASC were observed during the three periods. BE occurred significantly more often in F/M group (F/M: n = 48; 32%; U/M: n = 12, 16%; F/P: n = 18, 21%; U/P: n = 19, 17%; p = 0.008). F/M subgroup was an independent predictor of BE both in multivariable analysis and propensity score matching analysis.

Conclusions

The introduction of ultrasound‐guided femoral puncture and percutaneous arterial closure devices has reduced access site bleedings with a progressive improvement after the first 6 months learning period.
Paired and Tandem Electrochemical Conversion of 5‐(Hydroxymethyl)furfural Using Membrane‐Electrode Assembly‐Based Electrolytic Systems
Authors: Liu Hengzhou , Lee Ting‐Han , Chen Yifu , Cochran Eric W. , Li Wenzhen
Published: June 2021

Pairing the electrocatalytic hydrogenation (ECH) reaction with different anodic reactions holds great promise for producing value‐added chemicals driven by renewable energy sources. Replacing the sluggish water oxidation with a bio‐based upgrading reaction can reduce the overall energy cost and allows for the simultaneous generation of high‐value products at both electrodes. Herein, we developed a membrane‐electrode assembly (MEA)‐based electrolysis system for the conversion of 5‐(hydroxymethyl)furfural (HMF) to bis(hydroxymethyl)furan (BHMF) and 2,5‐furandicarboxylic acid (FDCA). With (2,2,6,6‐tetramethylpiperidin‐1‐yl)oxyl (TEMPO)‐mediated electrochemical oxidation (ECO) of HMF at the anode, the unique zero‐gap configuration enabled a minimal cell voltage of 1.5 V at 10 mA, which was stable during a 24‐hour period of continuous electrolysis, resulting in a combined faradaic efficiency (FE) as high as 139 % to BHMF and FDCA. High FE was also obtained in a pH‐asymmetric mediator‐free configuration, in which the ECO was carried out in 0.1 M KOH with an electrodeposited NiFe oxide catalyst and a bipolar membrane. Taking advantage of the low cell resistance of the MEA‐based system, we also explored ECH of HMF at high current density (280 mA cm−2), in which a FE of 24 % towards BHMF was achieved. The co‐generated H2 was supplied into a batch reactor in tandem for the catalytic hydrogenation of furfural or benzaldehyde under ambient conditions, resulting in an additional 7.3 % of indirect FE in a single‐pass operation. The co‐electrolysis of bio‐derived molecules and the tandem electrocatalytic‐catalytic process provide sustainable avenues towards distributed, flexible, and energy‐efficient routes for the synthesis of valuable chemicals.
Iron‐Catalyzed Halogen Exchange of Trifluoromethyl Arenes**
Authors: Dorian Andreas , Landgreen Emily J. , Petras Hayley R. , Shepherd James J. , Williams Florence J.
Published: June 2021

The facile production of ArCF2X and ArCX3 from ArCF3 using catalytic iron(III)halides is reported, which constitutes the first iron‐catalyzed halogen exchange for non‐aromatic C−F bonds. Theoretical calculations suggest direct activation of C−F bonds by iron coordination. ArCX3 and ArCF2X products of the reaction are synthetically valuable due to their diversification potential. In particular, chloro‐ and bromodifluoromethyl arenes (ArCF2Cl, ArCF2Br respectively) provide access to a myriad of difluoromethyl arene derivatives (ArCF2R). To optimize for mono‐halogen exchange, a statistical method called Design of Experiments was used. Optimized parameters were successfully applied to electron rich and electron deficient aromatic substrates, and to the late stage diversification of flufenoxuron, a commercial insecticide. These methods are highly practical, being run at convenient temperatures and using inexpensive common reagents.
Janus Pyrrolopyrrole Aza‐dipyrrin: Hydrogen‐Bonded Assemblies and Slow Magnetic Relaxation of the Cobalt(II) Complex in the Solid State
Authors: Ishizaki Toshiharu , Karasaki Hideaki , Kage Yuto , Kamioka Misaki , Wang Yitong , Mori Shigeki , Ishikawa Naoto , Fukuda Takamitsu , Furuta Hiroyuki , Shimizu Soji
Published: June 2021

A novel pyrrolopyrrole azadipyrrin (Janus‐PPAD) with Janus duality was synthesized by a Schiff base–forming reaction of diketopyrrolopyrrole. The orthogonal interactions of the hydrogen‐bonding ketopyrrole and metal‐coordinating azadipyrrin moieties in Janus‐PPAD enabled the metal ions to be arranged at regular intervals: zinc(II) and cobalt(II) coordination provided metal‐coordinated Janus‐PPAD dimers, which can subsequently form hydrogen‐bonded one‐dimensional arrays both in solution and in the solid state. The supramolecular assembly of the zinc(II) complex in solution was investigated by 1H NMR spectroscopy based on the isodesmic model, in which a binding constant for the elongation of assemblies is constant. Owing to the tetrahedral coordination, in the solid state, the cobalt(II) complex exhibited a slow magnetic relaxation due to the negative D value of −27.1 cm−1 with an effective relaxation energy barrier Ueff of 38.0 cm−1. The effect of magnetic dilution on the relaxation behavior is discussed. The relaxation mechanism at low temperature was analyzed by considering spin lattice interactions and quantum tunneling effects. The easy‐axis magnetic anisotropy was confirmed, and the relevant wave functions were obtained by ab initio CASSCF calculations.
Insights from Binding on Quadruplex Selective Carbazole Ligands
Authors: Müller Diana , Saha Puja , Panda Deepanjan , Dash Jyotirmayee , Schwalbe Harald
Published: June 2021

Polymorphic G‐quadruplex (G4) secondary DNA structures have received increasing attention in medicinal chemistry owing to their key involvement in the regulation of the maintenance of genomic stability, telomere length homeostasis and transcription of important proto‐oncogenes. Different classes of G4 ligands have been developed for the potential treatment of several human diseases. Among them, the carbazole scaffold with appropriate side chain appendages has attracted much interest for designing G4 ligands. Because of its large and rigid π‐conjugation system and ease of functionalization at three different positions, a variety of carbazole derivatives have been synthesized from various natural or synthetic sources for potential applications in G4‐based therapeutics and biosensors. Herein, we provide an updated close‐up of the literatures on carbazole‐based G4 ligands with particular focus given on their detailed binding insights studied by NMR spectroscopy. The structure‐activity relationships and the opportunities and challenges of their potential applications as biosensors and therapeutics are also discussed. This review will provide an overall picture of carbazole ligands with remarkable G4 topological preference, fluorescence properties and significant bioactivity; portraying carbazole as a very promising scaffold for assembling G4 ligands with a range of novel functional applications.