bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Implementasi Pembelajaran Pendidikan Jasmani: Studi Kasus di TK Al-Abror Kota Tasikmalaya
Authors: Hashipah Hani , Sa’adah Mimin , Aisyahni Nur Laela , Ulfyah Siti Lulu , Muslihin Heri Yusuf , Nurlaela Wulan
Published: January 2025

Pendidikan jasmani pada anak usia dini sangat penting untuk meningkatkan perkembangan fisik, motorik, dan sosial emosional. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis perencanaan, pelaksanaan, dan evaluasi pembelajaran pendidikan di TK Al-Abror Kecamatan Mangkubumi Kota Tasikmalaya. Metode yang digunakan adalah pendekatan kualitatif dengan studi kasus deskriptif. Teknik pengumpulan data meliputi observasi, wawancara, dan dokumentasi. Data dianalisis dengan menggunakan metode deskriptif kualitatif dengan pendekatan induktif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa perencanaan pembelajaran pendidikan jasmani di TK Al -Abror mencakup kegiatan untuk mengembangkan kemampuan motorik kasar, halus, dan kinaestetik dengan menggunakan pendekatan aktif melalui permainan dan kelompok aktivitas. Konten pembelajaran dilaksanakan dalam tiga kategori utama: Keterampilan motorik kasar (berlari dan permainan tim), keterampilan motorik halus (menangkap dan melempar bola kecil), dan keterampilan kinaestetik (menari). Permasalahan yang dihadapi mencakup kedisiplinan anak, variasi kemampuan fisik anak, dan masalah kesehatan yang membatasi partisipasi mereka. Penilaian dilakukan melalui pengamatan kemampuan anak-anak dan umpan balik untuk meningkatkan rasa percaya diri anak-anak. Penilaian dilakukan melalui peningkatan kesehatan anak secara berkelanjutan.
Community Synergy for Clean Rivers: A Case Study on Household Waste Management in Rural Areas
Authors: Riyanti Ika , Masruri Masruri , Wike Wike
Published: January 2025

Effective waste management is a crucial responsibility of the government to protect the environment and public health. Failure in waste management, particularly in densely populated and flood-prone areas, can lead to environmental disasters such as river sedimentation and major flooding. This study aims to analyze the perceptions of the Pungpungan Village community regarding household waste management along the riverbanks and to formulate an ideal and sustainable management strategy. The research method used was descriptive qualitative. The total sample for this study comprised 40 households, which were selected through simple random sampling. In addition, purposive sampling was applied based on specific criteria to select samples according to the community's background and role. The primary data collection techniques in this study included interviews and observations. For secondary data, the research relied on literature reviews and documents, including those from the Pungpungan Village Government Office and library studies. The data analysis in this study employed SWOT analysis. The results indicate that although the community has good knowledge of the 3R concept (reduce, reuse, recycle) and the negative impacts of improper waste disposal, the practice of transforming waste into economically valuable products remains limited. The ideal strategy involves increasing education, providing infrastructure, and enforcing sanitation regulations to achieve sustainable waste management. The implications of this study suggest that a participatory approach, coupled with adequate infrastructure support facilitated by the village government, can significantly enhance the effectiveness of household waste management and encourage more sustainable behavioral changes in rural communities.
Determining Factors of Indonesian Coffee Demand in the US Market: Using LA/AIDS Approach
Authors: Fitri Febti Aulia , Syafrial Syafrial , Toiba Hery
Published: January 2025

Indonesia has long been the largest coffee producer and exporter in the world. However, competing Asian countries, namely Vietnam and India, dominate the world coffee trade as ranked fourth and sixth. To face increasingly competitive market conditions, it is necessary to look at the determinants of demand for Indonesian coffee and its competition. This research provides an update using the LA/AIDS (Linear Approximate Almost Demand System) model approach to explore the factors that influence demand for coffee from Indonesia, Vietnam, and India, focusing on price elasticity and coffee expenditure elasticity in the US market. The data is time series data from 1992-2021 and the US market as the destination country. The results show that the factors influencing demand for Indonesian coffee in the US are expenditure, Indian coffee prices, GDP per capita, population, unemployment rate, and CPI. Coffee from Indonesia is sensitive to US spending changes (1,010%) and elastic. The price elasticity value for Indonesian coffee has a negative sign. The cross-price elasticity value of Indonesian coffee compared to Vietnamese coffee is complementary, whereas Vietnamese coffee to Indonesian coffee is a substitute. Meanwhile, Indonesian coffee is complementary to Indian coffee and vice versa.
Growth Analysis of Differences in Shallot (Allium ascalonicum L.) Seedling Size
Authors: Wahyu Arsadiarta I Gusti Ngurah , Wijana Gede , Gunadi I Gusti Alit
Published: January 2025

Choosing the right seed size is essential in shallot cultivation. Using good-quality seeds will increase the growth of shallots. Through growth analysis of various sizes of shallot seedlings, information will be obtained about the growth potential of shallots. This research aims to compare the growth patterns of shallot seedlings of varying sizes. The research was carried out from August to September 2023 at Br. Aseman, Sedang Village, Abiansemal District, Badung Regency, Bali and at the Plant Breeding and Seed Technology Laboratory, Faculty of Agriculture, Udayana University, Denpasar. This research used a one-factor randomized block design (RBD) with different treatment sizes of shallot seedlings, namely 3 g, 5 g, 7 g, 9 g, and 11 g. Each treatment was repeated 5 times, yielding 25 experimental units. The results showed that differences in the size of shallot seedlings very significantly influenced the initial growth of the seedlings (3-15 DAP). The heavier the weight of the shallot seeds, the higher the growth of the shallots. The plant growth analysis metrics, relative growth rate and net assimilation rate, reveal that the results do not differ significantly across observation time intervals. The treatment using seed size 11 g showed the highest increase in each parameter compared to other treatments at each observation time interval.
Optimization of Liquid Organic Fertilizer from Livestock Manure with Indigofera for Hydroponic Lettuce Growth
Authors: Cintiyah Farida , Salundik Salundik , PDMH Karti , Komala Iyep
Published: January 2025

Indonesia faces the challenge of declining agroecosystem quality due to the long-term use of synthetic chemical fertilizers, indicating the need for a transition to organic fertilizers to support sustainable agricultural practices. Therefore, this study aims to analyze the quality of liquid organic fertilizer made from dairy cow manure, laying hen manure, and Indigofera zollingeriana and to examine the effects of the combination of liquid organic fertilizer on the growth and yield of lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.). This research uses a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) experimental method with five treatments of liquid organic fertilizer (LOF) substitution and three replications to evaluate its effects on the growth and yield of hydroponic lettuce, where the data are analyzed using ANOVA and Tukey's post hoc test. The results show that the liquid organic fertilizer produced from the combination of dairy cow manure, laying hen manure, and Indigofera zollingeriana meets the quality standards of Minister of Agriculture Regulation No. 261 of 2019 with a total N content of 3.11%, P2O5 2.12%, and K2O 1.94%, and is effective in enhancing lettuce growth. The combination of liquid organic fertilizer and AB Mix, particularly AB Mix 75% + LOF 25% and AB Mix 50% + LOF 50%, results in optimal lettuce growth. Therefore, using a combination of liquid organic fertilizer and AB Mix can increase the efficiency of lettuce production in hydroponic systems and can be adopted by farmers to improve crop yields and quality.
Natural Silk Agribusiness Development Strategy in South Sulawesi Province, Indonesia
Authors: Ashar Nurul Magfirah , Nurmalina Rita , Muflikh Yanti Nuraeni
Published: January 2025

Natural silk is an agribusiness activity consisting of interconnected and interrelated upstream-to-downstream subsystems. It is one of the leading industries in South Sulawesi Province, the national silk-producing region. The government has launched various development programs and policies to increase natural silk production in South Sulawesi Province but has not achieved the expected targets. Therefore, this research analyzed natural silk agribusiness's internal and external environment to formulate alternative and development strategy priorities. The research was conducted in South Sulawesi Province, with a regional focus on Soppeng Regency and Wajo Regency in February – April 2024. The location selection was carried out by purposive sampling, considering that the area is the main priority in developing natural silk in South Sulawesi Province. The selection of respondents used a deterministic approach in the form of purposive sampling, with 41 respondents in the study. Eight experts filling out a pair comparison questionnaire determined the strategy's priority. The research method used is A'WOT Analysis. The research results show that eight alternative strategies were formulated. The main priority is optimizing policies and regulations from departments/agencies related to the development of natural silk, with a weight value of 0.160. It is hoped that all the results of formulating alternative strategies can be considered in developing natural silk agribusiness in South Sulawesi Province.
Induction of Twisting Disease Resistance on Shallot (Allium cepa var. ascalonicum) Against Twisting Disease (Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cepae) through Biopesticide Application
Authors: Wiyatiningsih Sri , Santoso Wahyu , Wijaya Riko Setya , Wijayanti Fitri
Published: January 2025

This study aimed to develop resistance in shallot (Allium cepa) against twisting disease caused by Fusarium oxysporum by applying microorganism-based biopesticides. By inducing resistance in shallots, the research sought to explore the pathogen-host interactions, understand infection mechanisms, and establish sustainable disease management strategies. Utilizing a biopesticide approach within an organic farming framework, this study aimed to assess the effectiveness of biopesticides in inducing plant defense mechanisms. The experimental design was non-factorial and followed a randomized block structure, consisting of four treatments with three replications each: (A) Chemical pesticide and fertilizer, (B) Biopesticide applied to seeds and plants, with chemical fertilizers on soil, (C) Soil sterilization with biopesticide and pesticide application on plants, and (D) Soil sterilization with biopesticide, with biopesticide applied to seeds and plants. Observations focused on disease intensity and salicylic and jasmonic acid levels in shallot bulbs. Results demonstrated that biopesticide application successfully reduced disease incidence and increased resistance, as shown by higher levels of salicylic and jasmonic acids in treated plants. The study concluded that biopesticides are promising for enhancing systemic resistance in shallots.
Effect of Compost Mix of Mexican Sunflower (Tithonia diversifolia) Green Manure and Poultry Bone Meal on Productivity and Nutritional Quality of Red Russian Kale (Brassicae napus var. pabularia)
Authors: Sembiring Krisman , Banjarnahor Dina
Published: January 2025

Mexican sunflower leaves (Tithonia diversifolia) contain high levels of nitrogen (N) and potassium (K). Combining it with poultry bone meal rich in phosphorus may produce a compost mix containing high N, P, and K. This research aims to compare the effect of this compost mix on the productivity and nutritional quality of Red Russian kale. The research was conducted at the Faculty of Agriculture and Business, Satya Wacana Christian University, from December 2023 to June 2024. Treatments tested were: CM-N100 (compost mix containing 100% of the required N); CM-P100 (compost mix containing 100% of the required P); CM-K100 (compost mix containing 100% of the required K); IF-NPK100 (inorganic fertilizer containing 100% of the required N, P, and K); and NPK0 (zero fertilization). Plant height, number of leaves, crown diameter, biomass, harvest index, vitamin C, total anthocyanins, total chlorophyll, and carotenoids were measured then analyzed using the ANOVA test and Tukey-test (P<0.05). CM-P100 and CM-K100 (180-200 g of compost mix per pot) resulted in the highest yield, vitamin C, chlorophyll, and carotenoids. However, both treatments resulted in the lowest anthocyanins content. CM-N100 (95 g of compost mix per pot) resulted in the highest anthocyanin accumulation (92.84 mg/100 g). IF-NPK100 has supplied Red Russian kale with adequate N, P, and K but resulted in lower yield and nutritional quality compared to CM-P100 and CM-K100. This indicated that higher nitrogen supply might still boost the productivity and nutritional content of Red Russian kale. Zero fertilization resulted in the least productive and nutritious kale leaves.
Индивидуальный подход в хирургическом лечении генитального пролапса у женщин: сравнительный анализ методов и результаты лечения
Authors: Меирманова А.О. , Омарова Г.К. , Бегниязова Ж.С. , Юлдашева А.И. , Уалиева А.Е. , Велиева А.Т. , Диамбекова Л.С. , Хампиева Л.М. , Нашекенова З.М.
Published: January 2025

Аннотация
Актуальность.            Генитальный пролапс представляет собой распространенное заболевание среди женщин пери- и постменопаузального возраста, которое оказывает значительное негативное влияние на качество их жизни. Современные методы хирургического лечения, такие как влагалищная гистерэктомия и лапароскопически ассистированная вагинальная гистерэктомия, доказали свою эффективность. Однако частота рецидивов и осложнений при стандартных подходах подчеркивает необходимость индивидуализации лечения, учитывающей анатомические, возрастные и социальные особенности пациенток.
Цель.            Изучить преимущества индивидуального подхода к хирургическому лечению генитального пролапса у женщин пери- и постменопаузального возраста, а также провести сравнительный анализ двух методов хирургической коррекции.
Методы.            В исследовании участвовали 195 пациенток с генитальным пролапсом III-IV степени. Проведен сравнительный анализ влагалищной гистерэктомии и лапароскопически ассистированной вагинальной гистерэктомии с пластикой тазового дна. Оценивались такие показатели, как длительность операций, уровень кровопотери, частота осложнений, качество жизни пациенток через 1, 3 и 6 месяцев после лечения, а также частота рецидивов. Статистическая обработка данных выполнена с использованием методов описательной и сравнительной статистики.
Результаты.            Лапароскопически ассистированная вагинальная гистерэктомия продемонстрировала более высокую эффективность, чем влагалищная гистерэктомия, включая снижение частоты рецидивов (5% против 10%) и улучшение качества жизни пациенток через 6 месяцев (самооценка 4,0 против 3,5 баллов). Однако метод ЛАВГ характеризуется увеличенной длительностью операций и более высоким уровнем кровопотери. Осложнения отмечены в 5% случаев после ЛАВГ и отсутствовали в группе ВГ.
Заключение.            Индивидуализированный подход к лечению генитального пролапса позволяет повысить эффективность хирургических вмешательств, снизить частоту рецидивов и улучшить качество жизни пациенток. Применение лапароскопически ассистированных методов рекомендуется пациенткам с высоким риском осложнений или рецидивов, несмотря на их большую трудоемкость.
Ключевые слова: генитальный пролапс, влагалищная гистерэктомия, лапароскопическая хирургия, качество жизни, индивидуализированный подход, рецидивы, осложнения.
Penilaian Kinerja dan Efektivitas Mesin Extruder PEX150JA pada Produksi Kabel Medium Voltage (MV) dalam Fase Outer Sheathing di PT Sucaco Tbk
Authors: Wahid Eka nur wahid , Irwanto Irwanto
Published: January 2025

This research evaluates the performance and effectiveness of the PEX150JA extruder machine in the medium voltage cable production process during the outer sheathing phase. The performance was measured using the Overall Equipment Effectiveness (OEE) method, which encompasses Availability, Performance, and Quality rates. Data collected over 12 months revealed an average OEE value of 70%, indicating suboptimal performance compared to the global industry standard of 85%. Contributing factors include component wear and operational inefficiencies. The main findings show that the low OEE is caused by issues with Carbon Brush, Bearing, and Heating System. The practical implications of this research emphasize the necessity of implementing scheduled preventive maintenance to reduce failure frequency. Improvements are proposed based on data analysis and Failure Mode and Effect Analysis (FMEA).
Perbaikan Stasiun Kerja Guna Meningkatkan Efisiensi Gerakan dan Produktivitas pada Operator Divisi Manual Oplos PT.XYZ
Authors: Arga Juniv Samsudin  , Handy Febri Satoto
Published: January 2025

PT. XYZ a manufacturing company focused on the production of paper, notebooks, and chemicals, faces challenges in the inefficient manual mixing process. This process involves a lot of wasteful movements and unergonomic workplace arrangements, resulting in operator discomfort, long cycle times, and low productivity. This study aims to evaluate and improve the manual mixing work system in the manual insert department, by highlighting the problems of inefficient movements and improving work safety and comfort. Improvements were made through the application of ergonomic principles, including rearranging the layout and adding a feeder role (tools used to provide raw materials or materials to the work area). The results showed that with the implementation of these improvements, the average cycle time was significantly reduced from 639 seconds per rim to 132 seconds per rim, or a reduction of 79.34%. In addition, production output increased rapidly from 42 rims to 204 rims in 7.5 working hours, increasing production efficiency by 385.71%. Not only that, irregular job time was also drastically reduced, increasing operational efficiency from 57% to 99%. These improvements have successfully reduced operator physical fatigue, increased productivity, and created a more ergonomic and comfortable working environment. These results demonstrate the importance of ergonomic approaches and work system optimization in improving company performance.
GOVERNANÇA PÚBLICA E EFICIÊNCIA: ANÁLISE DA GESTÃO DOS RESTOS A PAGAR EM UMA INSTITUIÇÃO FEDERAL
Authors: Gama Luciano Santos da , Maranhão Renato de Barros Godoi , Duarte Francisco Ricardo
Published: January 2025

Este artigo teve como objetivo avaliar a eficiência do IFSertãoPE no gerenciamento dos seus recursos orçamentários, analisando os impactos do Decreto nº 9.428/2018 na gestão dos Restos a Pagar Não Processados no período de 2014 a 2023. Para tal, realizou-se uma pesquisa descritiva, com abordagem quali-quantitativa. Os dados foram coletados através do sistema Tesouro Gerencial, do Portal da Transparência, dos relatórios de gestão e de auditoria interna. Os resultados da pesquisa apontam que apesar do decreto reduzir os prazos de vigências dos saldos em Restos a Pagar Não Processados, este não impactou na taxa de inscrição em restos a pagar. Demonstrou ser mais eficiente na execução dos Restos a Pagar Não Processados do grupo investimentos, antes e sob a vigência do decreto. Quanto aos cancelamentos, ambos os grupos, outras despesas correntes e investimentos, apresentaram piores desempenho antes da vigência do decreto. Podemos concluir que o Decreto nº 9.428/2018 impactou parcialmente na melhoria da gestão dos Restos a Pagar Não Processados, tendo em vista que a instituição também buscou aprimorar a gestão desses saldos antes da vigência do decreto.
Improbidade Administrativa Após a Reforma da Lei nº 14.230/2021: Uma Revisão Sistemática da Produção Científica de 2021 a 2024
Authors: Campos João Henrique M. M. , Silva Jakeline Gomes da , Silva Bruno Cezar , Coelho Katiane Amorim
Published: January 2025

A improbidade administrativa é um alicerce do direito administrativo brasileiro, voltado à proteção da administração pública contra a corrupção e a má gestão. A Lei nº 8.429/1992, que desempenhou papel central nesse combate, passou por reformas significativas com a Lei nº 14.230/2021. Esse trabalho apresenta uma revisão sistemática da literatura acadêmica pós-reforma (2021-2024), buscando dar continuidade ao trabalho realizado por Araújo e Morais (2020), que realizaram um estudo semelhante com artigos publicados até o ano de 2020. A metodologia utilizada teve abordagem qualitativa e descritiva, para investigar a produção científica. A pesquisa, guiada pela questão: "Como se encontra a produção científica nacional sobre a Lei de Improbidade Administrativa após as mudanças introduzidas pela Lei nº 14.230/2021?", foi realizada no Portal de Periódicos da CAPES. Após aplicação dos critérios de inclusão, 11 artigos foram selecionados para análise detalhada, tendo constatado o foco temático no assunto "acordo de não persecução", uma das inovações trazidas pela nova lei. Embora a produção científica nacional ainda seja limitada, devido ao curto intervalo desde a reforma, os estudos analisados demonstram um esforço crescente para explorar as implicações das novas disposições.
O CONCEITO DE INTERESSE PÚBLICO NA PERSPECTIVA GRAMSCIANA: UMA ANÁLISE CRÍTICA DA HEGEMONIA
Authors: Martins Beatriz Souza , Silva Bruno Cezar , Cruz Eder , Coelho Katiane Amorim
Published: January 2025

Este artigo busca investigar o conceito de interesse público sob a ótica da teoria gramsciana, com foco em sua relação com os conceitos de hegemonia, bloco histórico e sociedade civil. O objetivo central é compreender como o interesse público é construído, legitimado e contestado em diferentes contextos históricos e sociais, revelando suas bases ideológicas e disputas de poder. A pesquisa utilizou abordagem teórica e bibliográfica. A metodologia incluiu a leitura sistemática de textos primários, complementada por análises críticas de literatura que aplica os conceitos gramscianos ao campo das políticas públicas. A pesquisa sistematizou o conceito de interesse público e identificou que a hegemonia é o mecanismo central que molda o interesse público, frequentemente legitimando os interesses das classes dominantes sob a aparência de universalidade. O estudo conclui que o interesse público é uma construção política e histórica, moldada por relações de poder e ideologia, e que frequentemente reflete os interesses das classes dominantes em detrimento das demandas das classes subalternas. Sob a perspectiva gramsciana, o interesse público não deve ser entendido como neutro ou universal, mas como um conceito em disputa que pode ser ressignificado para promover maior equidade social – sendo este um novo horizonte de pesquisa para a Administração Pública.
The Roles of Artificial Intelligence in Reducing Carbon Emissions in the Construction Industry: China, Heibei
Authors: Sun Jiachen , Khoo Terh Jing , Osmadi Atasya , Bin Deng , Lu Shihua , Zhang Xiaolu
Published: January 2025

Climate warming will have a profound impact on ecosystems, human society and economic development, so mitigating climate warming has become an important challenge facing the world. However, the construction industry is one of the important sources of global carbon emissions, and the use of digital technology had a revolutionary impact on the development of the construction industry. Artificial Intelligence plays an important role in digital technology, and its status and influence are further increasing. However, there is currently no comprehensive explanation of how Artificial Intelligence affects the construction industry’s carbon emissions. This study aims to explore the role of artificial intelligence on carbon emissions in the construction industry from multiple perspectives in the four life cycles of planning, design, operation & maintenance, and tear down. This study also to provide certain guidance for AI's participation in carbon reduction in the construction industry. The search of this study covers the three analysis dimensions of "efficiency improvement", "energy optimization" and "cost control", and analyses the contribution of Artificial Intelligence on carbon emissions in the construction industry by adopting mixed research methods. First, this study systematically analysed 85 publications collected in Scopus and Web of Science databases using PRISMA guidelines. Next, qualitative research method was used where semi-structured interview was use for data collection. Then Analytic Hierarchy Process was used to obtain the research results. Through research, the role of artificial intelligence in carbon reduction in the construction industry is further clarified, and the most obvious role of Artificial Intelligence in each life cycle is efficiency improvement. This research can provide reference and guidance for the use of AI in different life cycles.
The Influence of Leadership and Supervision Style on Teacher Performance (Case Study of Teachers at SMPN 18 Bandung City)
Authors: Widya Kusumah Wida , Ridwan S , Jusdijachlan R
Published: January 2025

The aim of this research is to describe leadership style, supervision and teacher performance and to test the magnitude of the influence of leadership style and supervision on teacher performance, both simultaneously and separately. The method used is a descriptive survey method and an explanatory survey. The type of investigation in this research is causality. The unit of analysis is teachers in SMPN 18 Bandung City with a sample of 44 people. The time horizon in this research is cross sectional and the analysis methods used are frequency distribution and path analysis. Based on the results of the research and discussion, it can be found that the Leadership Style in the SMPN 18 Bandung City environment is good, the supervision of teachers in the Bandung City SMPN 18 environment is good, the teachers at SMPN 18 Bandung City have high performance. Leadership style and supervision simultaneously influence teacher performance in the SMPN 18 Bandung City environment. However, partially, Leadership Style is more dominant in influencing teacher performance than supervision.
Texto para Discussão 3068
Authors: Santos Fabiano , Vianna Salvador Teixeira Werneck , Paiva Yago , Rey Beatriz
Published: January 2025

O artigo analisa em que medida o Poder Legislativo se envolve na tramitação de políticas econômicas enviadas pelo Poder Executivo, no bojo do processo de delegação política. Argumenta-se que, como as gestões petistas adotaram paradigma econômico desenvolvimentista, aumentando a distância de preferências com relação aos demais membros das coalizões, o Executivo buscou transformar a delegação em abdicação. É esperado que o Legislativo reaja, aumentando os níveis de conflitos intracoalizão. De modo a testar essas hipóteses, verificamos se os governos petistas buscaram controlar as comissões de assuntos econômicos e se, realmente, enviaram mais proposições desenvolvimentistas. Com relação ao Legislativo, examinamos se membros das coalizões passaram, em reação, a tentar emendar mais os projetos de lei do Executivo e se a taxa de sucesso dos governos em transformação de projetos em lei diminuiu. Para isso, analisamos matérias econômicas submetidas pelo Executivo à Comissão de Finanças e Tributação (CFT) e à Comissão de Desenvolvimento Econômico, Indústria, Comércio e Serviços (CDeics). Os resultados corroboram nossas hipóteses, mostrando que o Legislativo desafia mais políticas econômicas desenvolvimentistas.
Texto para Discussão 3072
Authors: Elias Lilian de Pellegrini , Magro João Pedro Simões , Ciríaco Juliane da Silva , Silva Sandro Pereira
Published: January 2025

Este estudo avalia os dois principais programas nacionais de compras públicas de produtos da agricultura familiar no Brasil: o Programa de Aquisição de Alimentos (PAA) e o Programa Nacional de Alimentação Escolar (PNAE). O objetivo deste trabalho foi analisar o impacto desses programas sobre a renda dos fornecedores nos mercados de compras públicas. Para tanto, foi feito o cruzamento das bases de compras reali¬zadas em cada um dos programas com os registros administrativos de cadastro dos agricultores familiares. Foram identificados efeitos positivos e significativos sobre o aumento médio de renda dos agricultores nos dois programas avaliados, conforme evidenciado pelo modelo de efeito médio do tratamento. Tais efeitos incidiram sobre diferentes quantis de renda, sendo mais intenso naqueles de renda mais baixa, ou seja, justamente aqueles de maior interesse das políticas. Portanto, a associação desses programas com o aumento na renda dos agricultores familiares revelam o potencial das compras públicas no país.
Texto para Discussão 3073
Authors: Borges Dianifer Leal , Silva Filho Edison Benedito da , Bravo Levy Cunha
Published: January 2025

O objetivo deste estudo é avaliar os custos e os benefícios de diferentes regras de compartilhamento do risco de demanda para concessões de infraestrutura rodoviária, sob o ponto de vista da atratividade econômica dos projetos para os concessionários e da redução do preço para os usuários. Simula-se a trajetória de tráfego de uma rodovia, por meio de modelo estocástico embasado no movimento geométrico browniano (MGB), utilizando-se dados e parâmetros do edital de concessão da BR-040. A partir dessas projeções, são avaliados os impactos de diferentes modelos de regras de compartilhamento do risco de demanda sobre a estrutura financeira dos projetos. Demonstra-se a vantagem dessas regras sobre o modelo sem compartilhamento de risco, com o objetivo de ampliar a viabilidade financeira dos projetos e o potencial de redução tarifária aos usuários.
The Concept of Profit Sharing Agreement in Land Management in Segara Kodang, Sesetan Village, South Denpasar District, Denpasar City
Authors: UTAMA Kartika Jaya , SUKANDIA I Nyoman , AGUNG Anak Agung Istri , DEWI Ida Ayu Permata Winditya , YUDHA I Putu Wira Dharma Putra
Published: January 2025

The importance of the meaning of soil for human life is because human life is utterly inseparable from the soil. They live on the land and obtain food by utilizing the land. The amount of land that can be controlled by humans can be reduced due to erosion, while the number of people who wish for land is constantly increasing. In answering legal problems, this research uses an empirical method.   The people of Sesetan Village use customary Law passed down from generation to generation, carried out orally based on trust and agreement, and no deed is made from these legal acts. The implementation of the profit-sharing agreement can be carried out well with the existence of a trust system between the customary village institution and the community in maintaining the agreement as well as knowing and implementing their respective rights and obligations agreed upon at the time of making the agreement which aims to improve the economy of the community in the use of village land and especially the customary Village itself.
Cruciform Theology and its Implications for African Christianity
Authors: Boaheng Isaac
Published: January 2025

Christianity has, since the beginning of the 20th century, experienced an unmatched numerical growth in Africa. Presently, Africa occupies a central position in global Christianity, as evidenced by the active involvement of numerous African churches in reverse missions to areas like Europe and North America. The proliferation of the church in Africa has given rise to a cadre of theologians and biblical scholars who engage in diverse theological inquiries to enhance the qualitative growth of the church. However, despite their diligent efforts, the impact of African theologians and biblical scholars on the church and society is limited because most African biblical scholars fail to focus on the cross. The need for a cross-informed theology has prompted this paper which explored how cruciform theology might affect evangelical Christianity and the society. This paper further explored the implications for contextualizing theology, responsibly exercising political power, and practicing effective stewardship within the African context. The paper used a qualitative research approach to collect primary data from books, journal articles, and theses/dissertations on the subject matter. Using a descriptive approach, this paper sought to reconstruct cruciform theology for African evangelicals and to draw lessons for Christianity in Africa. The main argument is that the cross should be at the heart of every dimension of the church’s existence, ultimately leading to the transformation of society. The goal of this study is to encourage ongoing dialogue and reflection on the theology of the cross among the African Evangelical Christian community.

Keywords: Africa, Evangelical, Christ, Cruciform theology, Leadership
Detectability of Self-lensing Flares of White Dwarfs with Compact Companions
Authors: Nir Guy , Bloom Joshua S.
Published: January 2025

Binaries containing compact objects, viewed nearly edge on, can produce periodic brightening events under certain conditions on the masses, radii, and binary separation. Such flares are caused by one object gravitationally lensing another, in what is known as self-lensing flares. We present a simulation tool that efficiently reproduces the main features of self-lensing flares and facilitates a detection sensitivity analysis for various sky surveys. We estimate the detection prospects for a handful of representative surveys when searching for systems of either two white dwarfs or a white dwarf with other compact objects, i.e., neutron stars and black holes. We find only a marginal ability to detect such systems in existing surveys. However, we estimate many such systems could be detectable by surveys in the near future, including the Vera Rubin Legacy Survey of Space and Time (LSST). We provide a quantitative analysis of the detectability of double-compact object self-lensing flares across the landscape of system parameters, and a qualitative discussion of survey and follow-up approaches to distinguish such flares from confounding events, such as stellar flares, satellite glints, and cosmic rays. We estimate 0.3, 3 and 247 double white dwarf systems could be detected by Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite, Zwicky Transient Facility, and LSST, respectively. A similar number of systems with a neutron star or black hole companion could be detected, but we caution that the number densities of such binaries is model dependent and so are our detection estimates. Such binaries can be used to constrain models of the end states of binary evolution.
The Long-term Evolution of the Solar Transition Region
Authors: Chen W. Q. , Li K. J. , Xu J. C.
Published: January 2025

Long-term evolution characteristics of the solar transition region have been unclear. In this study, daily images of the solar full disk derived from the observations by the Solar Dynamics Observatory/Atmospheric Imaging Assembly at 304 Å wavelength from 2011 January 1 to 2022 December 31 are used to investigate the long-term evolution of the solar transition region. It is found that long-term variation in the transition region of the full disk is in phase with the solar activity cycle, and thus the polar brightening should occur in the maximum epoch of the solar cycle. Long-term variation of the background transition region is found to be likely in antiphase with the solar activity cycle at middle and low latitudes. The entire transition region, especially the active transition region is inferred to be mainly heated by the active-region magnetic fields and the ephemeral-region magnetic fields, while the quieter transition region is believed to be mainly heated by network magnetic fields. Long-term evolution characteristics of various types of the magnetic fields at the solar surface are highly consistent with these findings, and thus provide an explanation for them.
Kinematics of Young Stellar Objects under Various Stellar Feedback
Authors: Yang Longhui , Liu Dejian , Hao Chaojie , Lin Zehao , Li YingJie , Dong Yiwei , Lu Zu-Jia , Liang En-Wei , Xu Y.
Published: January 2025

Based on the Gaia Data Release 3 and APOGEE data sets, we investigate the kinematic differences between young stellar objects (YSOs) and their parent clouds in five nearby star-forming regions. Overall, the one-dimensional velocity differences between Class II YSOs and their parent molecular cloud range from [0, 1.4] km s−1. In feedback environments dominated by outflows, massive stars, and supernova feedback, the corresponding velocity differences range from [0, 1.4], [0.1, 0.4], and [0.1, 1] km s−1, respectively. These results indicate that YSO kinematics are not significantly affected by these different types of feedback environments. Additionally, compared to the Class II YSOs, Class III YSOs have slightly larger velocities and dispersions.
Polarization Reconstruction Study of Wide Field-of-view Photoelectric Polarimeter for POLAR-2/LPD
Authors: Feng 冯 Zu-Ke 祖科 , Liu 刘 Hong-Bang 宏邦 , Yi Di-Fan , Xie Li-Rong , Dai Cong , Feng Huan-Bo , Sun Jian-Chao , He Jiang , Wang Yuan-Hao , Ma Rui-Ting , Wang Bin-Long , Mai Qian-Nan , Tuo Jiang-Chuan , Zhong Qian , Tang Zhen-Yu , Liu Qian , Xie Fei , Zhang Shuang-Nan , Liang En-Wei
Published: January 2025

The Low-Energy X-ray Polarization Detector (LPD) is one of the payloads in the POLAR-2 experiment, which is planned as an external payload for deployment on the China Space Station in 2026. The LPD is specifically designed to observe the polarization of gamma-ray burst prompt emissions in the energy range of 2–10 keV, with a preliminary design featuring a wide field-of-view (FOV) of ±45°. This observation is achieved using an array of X-ray photoelectric polarimeters. Because of the wide FOV design of the detector, nearly all photons impinge on the detector off-axis. This paper investigates the polarization reconstruction of a photoelectric polarimeter for off-axis photons. It was found that the reconstruction of the emission azimuthal angles of photoelectron tracks is the main factor affecting the shape of the modulation function for off-axis radiation. Therefore, a modulation function correction method based on Monte Carlo (MC) simulation is proposed. This MC simulation-based method is applied to both simulated and experimental data to correct the modulation function for off-axis radiation. The reconstruction results demonstrate that this method can accurately determine the polarization degree and polarization angle of photons under different conditions. While we tested up to 45° off-axis angles due to our ±45° FOV, the method is theoretically applicable to off-axis angles up to ∼90°.
Effective Resistivity in Relativistic Reconnection: A Prescription Based on Fully Kinetic Simulations
Authors: Moran Abigail , Sironi Lorenzo , Levis Aviad , Ripperda Bart , Most Elias R. , Selvi Sebastiaan
Published: January 2025

A variety of high-energy astrophysical phenomena are powered by the release—via magnetic reconnection—of the energy stored in oppositely directed fields. Single-fluid resistive magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) simulations with uniform resistivity yield dissipation rates that are much lower (by nearly 1 order of magnitude) than equivalent kinetic calculations. Reconnection-driven phenomena could be accordingly modeled in resistive MHD employing a nonuniform, “effective” resistivity informed by kinetic calculations. In this work, we analyze a suite of fully kinetic particle-in-cell (PIC) simulations of relativistic pair-plasma reconnection—where the magnetic energy is greater than the rest mass energy—for different strengths of the guide field orthogonal to the alternating component. We extract an empirical prescription for the effective resistivity,

η
eff

=
α

B
0

∣
J

∣
p

/

∣
J

∣

p
+
1

+

e

n
t

c

p
+
1

, where B
0 is the reconnecting magnetic field strength,
J
is the current density, n

t
is the lab-frame total number density, e is the elementary charge, and c is the speed of light. The guide field dependence is encoded in α and p, which we fit to PIC data. This resistivity formulation—which relies only on single-fluid MHD quantities—successfully reproduces the spatial structure and strength of nonideal electric fields and thus provides a promising strategy for enhancing the reconnection rate in resistive MHD simulations.
Active restoration of post-mining forest benefits the activity density, but not the diversity of spider communities across the seasons in Ghana
Authors: Kinga Harriet , Damptey Frederick Gyasi , Harms Danilo , Jocqué Rudy , Henrard Arnaud , Birkhofer Klaus
Published: January 2025

Forest restoration often involves monitoring programmes to determine whether biodiversity levels and ecosystem services have changed over time. This study investigated changes in ground-hunting spider communities (families Ctenidae, Lycosidae and Zodariidae) in an actively restored forest, an unrestored gravel mine, and two alternative land-use types (agroforestry system and an arable field) to assess whether a two-decade post-mine restoration programme has been successful in restoring biodiversity to levels of a reference natural forest. The overall activity density of ground-hunting spiders (based on both juveniles and adult specimens) was highest in the natural and the restored forest in the dry season and lowest in the arable field and agroforestry system in the wet season. The inverse Simpson index was highest at the gravel site in the wet season, followed by natural forest in both seasons and lower values in the restored forest. The community composition of spiders differed significantly between land-use types (open versus forest habitats) and the interaction between land use and season also differed significantly. The species Pardosa injucunda and Trochosa gentilis dominated the communities in the restored forest, but Africactenus monitor dominated the natural forest and Hogna gratiosa dominated communities in the gravel site. Surprisingly, active forest restoration promoted the activity density of ground-hunting spiders displaced by mining activities to levels even higher than in the reference natural forest after two decades. However, the community composition of the restored forest was more similar to the agroforestry system than to the natural forest. These results highlight the benefits of restoring former mining sites but also show the trade-offs in terms of restoration goals, as natural forest biodiversity of spiders was not achieved after 20 years.
Brain age as an imaging-based diagnostic and treatment biomarker of neurodegenerative disorders
Authors: Korbmacher Max
Published: January 2025

In the proposed project we expect to improve diagnosis and treatment for patients suffering from neurodegenerative diseases by establishing a new biomarker based on deep learning and big data outputs. We will use brain age, a neuroinaging-derived marker of brain health which has previously rarely been tested longitudinally, but not in neurodegenerative disorders. The analyses will help to assess treatment response as well as stratifying and sub-typing neurodegenerative disease based on brain structural characteristics in addition to multiple other markers of disease expression.
The role of microbiomes in animal invasions: a scoping review
Authors: Romeo Claudia , Brenner Elsa , Wauters Lucas Armand , Alberdi Antton
Published: January 2025

Despite increasing evidence for the contribution of microbiomes to host fitness and evolution, their role in the adaptation and successful establishment of invasive animal species remains underexplored. Animal microbiomes can mediate key host phenotypic traits such as energy metabolism, detoxification and disease resistance. Therefore, harbouring a highly functional microbiome may be advantageous in the context of invasion, where small host populations must rapidly adapt to new environmental conditions. We conducted a scoping review of studies focusing on microbiomes and animal invasions to explore the extent and nature of research efforts on this topic, and to identify general patterns that may help elucidate the relationship between host microbial communities and invasiveness. The analysis of 147 articles published between 2006 and 2024 showed a steady increase of the research output on the topic, in parallel with growing interest in biological invasions and technical and theoretical advances in microbiome research. However, the application of new analytical approaches that go beyond taxonomic characterisation remains limited, and the research output is still heavily biased towards invasive invertebrates. Although most of the reviewed research was descriptive, a more detailed assessment of a subset of 43 studies using a comparative design revealed some recurring patterns. Host microbiomes in the introduction range tend to diverge from those in the native range, but invasive populations generally retain a core of microorganisms involved in key phenotypic traits such as disease resistance. Studies that have examined the microbiomes of invasive species along their invasion pathway highlight how stochastic events, propagule pressure and population mixing are relevant drivers of microbial community assembly during introductions. Comparisons of the microbiomes of invasive species and co-occurring, outcompeted native species often suggest that some of the observed phenotypic differences driving their interactions are microbiome-mediated. However, to date, only a handful of studies have been able to establish the mechanistic link between microbiomes and host invasiveness using an experimental design. While observational studies remain valuable at this early stage, we advocate for a wider use of novel technologies and experimental approaches to generate robust functional and mechanistic information that will further elucidate whether microbiomes play a relevant role in animal invasions.