bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Innovative Separation Technology Utilizing Marine Bioresources: Multifaceted Development of a Chitosan-Based System Leading to Environmentally-Friendly Processes
Authors: Kashima Keita , Takahashi Tomoki , Nakayama Ryo-ichi , Imai Masanao
Published: February 2021

Chitosan, known as a most typical marine biological polymer, has a fruitful capability of biocompatible gel formation. Attempts of chitosan have been made to develop it from the multifaceted viewpoint of separation technology. The physicochemical properties of chitosan containing a lot of hydroxyl groups and reactive amino groups help to build the characteristic polymer networks. The deacetylation degree of chitosan is found as the most influential factor to regulate properties of chitosan hydrogels. The antibacterial activity of the chitosan membrane is one of its notable abilities because of its practical application. The chitosan, its derivatives, and the complex formation with other substances has been used for applications in filtration and membrane separation processes. Adsorption processes based on chitosan have been also developed widely. Moreover, complex of chitosan gel helps to immobilize adsorbent particles. The chitosan membrane immobilizing Prussian-Blue for cesium ion removal from the aqueous phase is one of the leading cases. To elaborate the adsorption behavior on the chitosan immobilizing adsorbent, the isothermal equilibrium and mass transfer characteristics can be discussed. The adsorption process using chitosan-based membranes in combination with filtration in a flow process is advantageous compared with the batch process. More advanced studies of chitosan aerogel and chitosan nanofibers have been proceeded recently, especially for adapting to water purification and air filtration.
Coupling and Deviating of Altruism-Voluntariness Relationship in Organ Transplantation
Authors: Güvenbaş Mesut , Sayligil Omur
Published: February 2021

Organ transplantation is an issue that concerns two people (donor and recipient) at the same time in terms of the right to life, which is the most basic human right. The direct utility arising from organ transplantation involves the patient to whom the organ is transplanted, and the indirect utility relates to the donor. Today, the decision to obtain an organ from a living donor is based on the idea of doing something good by those who sacrifice themselves for their relatives. The person who donates an organ treats their body as an instrument and uses their willpower on it. If the statement “I will care about the health of others” is accepted as a universal principle, it will be very important to establish a balance between the duty of caring for the health of others and protecting one’s own health. If we want to introduce a new approach to be adopted in the assessment of living donors in society, we must look at the real situation in terms of utility, altruism, and volunteering. This Chapter thus evaluates organ transplantation from living donors in terms of utility, altruism, and volunteering.
Biosurgical Materials in Neurosurgical Applications: From Pioneers to Leaders
Authors: Claude Petit-Me Jean , P. Stawicki Stanislaw , S. Firstenberg Michael , Marlin Evan
Published: February 2021

Hemostasis in neurosurgery has evolved significantly over the past few decades. New advances in hemostatic agents, some developed specifically with neurosurgical applications in mind, allowed for more effective control of difficult intraoperative bleeding. These agents vary in the mechanism of action and each may be indicated in different and often highly specific situations. Here we present a review of the most commonly used hemostatic agents, their mechanism of action and their indications. Focus is placed on key aspects and considerations regarding the use biosurgical materials in neurosurgery, with emphasis on clinical appropriateness and patient safety.
Recent Advances in Pt-Based Binary and Ternary Alloy Electrocatalysts for Direct Methanol Fuel Cells
Authors: Long Quan Dang , Huu Le Phuoc
Published: February 2021

The direct methanol fuel cell (DMFC) is among the most promising alternative energy sources for the near future owing to its advantages of simple construction, compact design, high energy density, and relatively high energy-conversion efficiency. Typically, the electrodes in DMFC is comprised of a Pt-based catalysts supported on great potential of carbon materials such as multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs), carbon black (CB), graphene, etc. It is desired to develop an electrode with high surface area, good electrical conductivity and suitable porosity to allow good reactant flux and high stability in the fuel cell environment. This chapter will provide recent advances in Pt-based binary and ternary electrocatalysts on carbon supports for high-performance anodes in DMFC. Through studying the effects of composition-, support-, and shape dependent electrocatalysts, further fundamental understanding and mechanism in the development of anode catalysts for DMFC will be provided in details.
xCARE: A Development Platform for Supporting Smart and Pervasive Healthcare
Authors: Vargiu Eloisa , Gómez-Martínez Meritxell , Orte Silvia , Ros-Freixedes Laura , Seif Kian , Marí David , Miralles Felip
Published: February 2021

We are assisting to an important change in the healthcare domain where healthy citizens and patients are more and more in the center and become active partners in the entire process. In this scenario, smart and pervasive solutions assume a relevant role for remotely assisting citizens and patients together with their carers and supporting the overall team of professionals. From a software-engineering perspective, to follow and/or anticipate changes in requirements, modular solutions must be investigated and developed. Moreover, issues like personalization, adaptation, and scalability must be considered from the very beginning. In this chapter, we present xCARE, a microservices-based platform explicitly implemented to support the development of smart and pervasive healthcare systems. To show the potentiality and adaptability of xCARE, three relevant applications are presented: (i) a self-management system to support chronic complex patients; (ii) a patient management system that allows the team of professionals to assist patients before a major surgery together with a self-management system for the patients themselves; and (iii) an automatic self-management system for healthy citizens that want to follow healthier habits and that supports behavioral change.
Building Historical Narratives about Controversial Issues on Twitter: An Analysis of Digital Literacy Levels in Secondary School Students
Authors: Ortega-Sánchez Delfín , Barba Alonso César
Published: February 2021

This research analyses the literacy levels of a group of Spanish secondary school history students (n = 42) in digital environments (Twitter), with the aim of providing educational clues about the ways in which social discourses are constructed on controversial issues, in particular those generated by the Spanish Civil War. From a qualitative research approach, the most recurrent digital narrative data has been emptied and analyzed, based on three a priori categories of social analysis: gender, historical empathy and social conscience. The results report the predominance of cognitive/inferential literacy skills and, consequently, the need to incorporate new scenarios for teaching-learning history from the theoretical principles of critical pedagogy and education for active, critical and committed citizenship with social participation.
Soft Sensors for Biomass Monitoring during Low Cost Cellulase Production
Authors: Murugan Chitra
Published: February 2021

Low cost cellulase production has become a major challenge in recent years. The major hurdle in the production of biofuel and other products from biomass is the lack of efficient economically feasible cellulase. This can be achieved by proper monitoring and control of bioprocess. In order to implement any control scheme, the accurate representation of the system in the form of a model is necessary. There are many challenges associated with modeling the fermentation process such as inherent nonlinear dynamic behavior, complexity of process due to co-existence of viable and nonviable cells, presence of solid substrates, etc. Toward the achievement of this goal, researchers have been developing new techniques that can be used to monitor the process online and at-line. These newer techniques have paved the way for designing better control strategies that can be integrated with quality by design (QbD) and process analytic technology (PAT).
Management of Diabetic Eye Disease Using Carotenoids and Nutrients
Authors: W. Lem Drake , L. Gierhart Dennis , Gunvant Davey Pinakin
Published: February 2021

Diabetic retinopathy is the leading cause of blindness and visual disability globally among working-age adults. Until recently, diabetic eye disease is primarily regarded by its microvasculature complications largely characterized by progressive retinopathy and macular edema. However, a growing body of evidence suggests that hyperglycemia-induced oxidative stress and inflammation play an integral role in the early pathogenesis of diabetic retinopathy by potentiating retinal neurodegeneration. The onset of type 2 diabetes mellitus starts with insulin resistance leading to insulin deficiency, hyperglycemia, and dyslipidemia. Which in turn enhances the pro-oxidant and pro-inflammatory pathways. Additionally, various poor dietary behaviors along with obesity worsen physiological state in diabetics. However, decreased levels and depletion of the endogenous antioxidant defense system in the retina can be sufficiently augmented via carotenoid vitamin therapy. Therefore, dietary supplementation of antioxidant micronutrients particularly macular carotenoids lutein, zeaxanthin and meso-zeaxanthin that promote retinal health and optimal visual performance, may serve as an adjunctive therapy in the management of diabetic eye disease.
Data Integrity Management for Laboratory of the Control of Lifecycle of Domestic Russian Tour Products
Authors: Mkrttchian Vardan , Vertakova Yulia , Symonyan Arsen
Published: February 2021

A primary responsibility of domestic tour products is to provide safe and efficacious products of appropriate quality to consumers by assuring decisions are based on accurate, reliable, truthful, and complete data. This task in this chapter is solved on the basis of the authors’ works on Avatar-Based Intellectual Managing for Innovation Technologies Transfer in the tourism industry of the Republic of Armenia, where citizens of the Russian Federation travel with their internal passports, that is, they use it as an internal tour product. The chapter describes the entire algorithm of the system, shows the results of the study, which guarantee Data Integrity Management for Laboratory of the Control of Lifecycle of domestic Russian tour products.
Repurposing of Metformin as a Multifaceted and Multitasking Preventative and Treatment for Cancer
Authors: Chang Raymond
Published: February 2021

Metformin is a cornerstone treatment of diabetes mellitus. Since 2005 when it has been first reported to reduce the risk of cancer in diabetics, a large number of preclinical and clinical studies have implicated its potential role as a preventative and adjunct therapy for a broad range of cancers. Whereas preclinical studies demonstrate its actions on a multitude of molecular pathways involving nearly all aspects of cancer development including metabolism, angiogenesis, apoptosis, autophagy, immunity, epigenetics, inflammation and crosstalk with the microbiome, other studies demonstrate its synergism with a range of anticancer modalities including chemotherapy, radiotherapy, immunotherapy, and targeted therapies. Furthermore, an increasing number of clinical studies not only confirm its preventative properties against cancers but have extended its potential for a possible adjunctive role in the neoadjuvant, adjuvant, maintenance and salvage therapies of cancer. This article intends to summarize the basic science that allows us to understand the complex multiple mechanisms of action of this remarkable multitasking molecule as well as review the recent meta-analyses that have summarized the clinical studies assessing the therapeutic efficacy of metformin for various cancers.
How to Solve the Traveling Salesman Problem
Authors: Li Weiqi
Published: February 2021

The Traveling Salesman Problem (TSP) is believed to be an intractable problem and have no practically efficient algorithm to solve it. The intrinsic difficulty of the TSP is associated with the combinatorial explosion of potential solutions in the solution space. When a TSP instance is large, the number of possible solutions in the solution space is so large as to forbid an exhaustive search for the optimal solutions. The seemingly “limitless” increase of computational power will not resolve its genuine intractability. Do we need to explore all the possibilities in the solution space to find the optimal solutions? This chapter offers a novel perspective trying to overcome the combinatorial complexity of the TSP. When we design an algorithm to solve an optimization problem, we usually ask the critical question: “How can we find all exact optimal solutions and how do we know that they are optimal in the solution space?” This chapter introduces the Attractor-Based Search System (ABSS) that is specifically designed for the TSP. This chapter explains how the ABSS answer this critical question. The computing complexity of the ABSS is also discussed.
The Digital Twin of an Organization by Utilizing Reinforcing Deep Learning
Authors: Kesti Marko
Published: February 2021

Chapter deals with latest knowledge on deep reinforcement learning in the context of organizational management. Article presents reinforcement learning (RL) as a tool for the manager on the path to learning winning behavior in the complex environment of organization management. Organization management has wicked learning challenges because agents are under biases that prevent understanding the phenomenon of delayed reward. Therefore, the digital simulation with RL is effective forming breakthrough learning results. Human capital management theories provide architecture in creating organization digital twin where agent can practice management actions effect on business economics and staff wellbeing. Utilizing RL algorithms, it is possible to foster behavior for creating sustainable competitive advantage – this means the Nash equilibrium between profit and staff wellbeing. In this digital twin there is AI learning assistant as a teacher that provides demonstrations on how to act so that the delayed reward is good in the future. The article explains game theoretical approach that is the foundation for creating management deep learning AI system. Human agent at the organization is playing the game of Strategic Stochastic Bayesian Nonsymmetric Signaling game in co-operative or non-cooperative way and at zero-sum or general sum game mind-set.
A new genus of Achrysonini and new records in Cerambycidae (Coleoptera, Chrysomeloidea) from Colombia
Authors: García Kimberly , Botero Juan Pablo , Santos-Silva Antonio
Published: February 2021

Ysachron pilosus gen. et sp. nov. is described from the Caribbean region of Colombia, and an updated key to genera of South American Achrysonini is provided. Moreover, the geographical distribution of 45 species of Cerambycidae, belonging to the subfamilies Cerambycinae, Lamiinae and Prioninae, is expanded, including nine new country records for Colombia and a further locality in Colombia for nine species.
Frações da matéria orgânica em agregados em áreas de terra preta arqueológica, Pará, Brasil
Authors: Sousa Mateus Alves de , Reis Iolanda Maria Soares , Almada Adão Pires de , Rossi Celeste Queiroz , Pereira Marcos Gervasio , Pinto Luiz Alberto Rodrigues da Silva , Silva Cristiane Figueira da , Santos Otavio Augusto Queiroz dos
Published: February 2021

A maior parte dos solos amazônicos apresentam baixa fertilidade, porém são observadas manchas descontínuas onde ser verificam maiores quantidades de nutrientes e teores de carbono orgânico total (COT) elevados, sendo essas áreas denominadas de terra preta arqueológicas (TPA’s). A matéria orgânica do solo (MOS) é um dos índices mais utilizados para avaliar a qualidade do solo, a qual pode ser quantificada pelo COT presente nas substâncias húmicas (SH) e no carbono determinado através do fracionamento granulométrico, sendo uma maior proteção do COT bem como das frações da MOS observada nos agregados. Neste sentido, o objetivo desse estudo foi avaliar o conteúdo de COT das SHs e determinado através do fracionamento granulométrico da MOS em áreas de de TPA’s com diferentes usos do solo. As amostras de foram coletadas no município de Santarém, Pará, em áreas com diferentes formas de manejo e condições edáficas, a saber: (P1) cultivo de milho e mandioca com intensa utilização agrícola e sem aplicação de fertilizantes; (P2) cultivo de mandioca, apresentando histórico de cultivos agrícolas em sucessão por mais de dez anos; (P3) área de floresta secundaria, localizada próxima ao rio tapajós; (P4 e P5) áreas em pousio por mais de seis anos com presenças de forrageiras e (P6) com cultivo de feijão-caupi. As amostras foram coletadas nas profundidades de 0,00-0,05; 0,05-0,10 e 0,10-0,20 m. Nos agregados foram determinados os teores de (COT), carbono orgânico das SHs (ácidos fúlvicos - C-FAF, ácidos húmicos - C-FH e humina – C-FHUM) e realizado o fracionamento físico granulométrico da MOS (fração particulada - COp e fração associada aos minerais - COam). Os diferentes usos do solo não comprometeram os teores de carbono orgânico associado as frações da matéria orgânica dos agregados de TPA, sendo observado nas áreas alto grau de similaridade, e a área P1 apresentando valores de MOS superiores às demais áreas.
Produtividade de quiabeiro sob influência de diferentes doses de esterco bovino
Authors: Matos Sâmia dos Santos , Costa Romário Martins , Sousa Rayssa Carolinne Mouzinho de , Leite Marcos Renan Lima , Furtado Mariléia Barros , Farias Maryzélia Furtado de , Serrano Luisa Julieth Parra
Published: February 2021

Uma das opções para os pequenos agricultores perante o aumento dos custos dos fertilizantes minerais e a crescente poluição ambiental é o uso dos adubos orgânicos, que vem se tornando uma saída economicamente atrativa, tornando útil o uso de estercos que normalmente eram descartados na propriedade, passando a fazer uso desse material com intuito de melhorar as características químicas, físicas e biológicas do solo e consequentemente aumentos nas taxas de produtividado.  objetiva-se com a pesquisa avaliar diferentes doses de esterco bovino na produtividade da cultura do quiabeiro. Visto que o uso O experimento foi desenvolvido no Centro de Ciências Agrárias e Ambientais - CCAA, da Universidade Federal do Maranhão- UFMA, no município de Chapadinha- MA, com delineamento experimental em blocos casualizados, com seis tratamentos (0, 20, 30, 40, 50 t ha de esterco bovino e um tratamento com adubação mineral) com quatro repetições. Foram realizadas avaliações do número de frutos por planta, massa média dos frutos frescos, comprimento dos frutos, diâmetro dos frutos, altura da planta e produtividade de frutos com a adubação mineral. A dosagem de 50 t ha-1 de esterco bovino proporcionou os melhores resultados na produtividade, responsável por 1,951 t ha-1 de frutos de quiabos. Nas condições edafoclimáticas do presente estudo a adubação de utilizando o esterco bovino proporciona bom incremento na produtividade do quiabeiro.
Perfil epidemiológico e fatores determinantes na saúde ambiental da tuberculose no Brasil
Authors: Macedo Júnior Adriano Menino de , Silva Clécio Danilo Dias da , Araújo Elannia Marte de , Silva Jhuliete Duarte da , Gomes Josimar Torres , Granjeiro Juliane Sibele Cabral , Rocha Mailda dos Santos
Published: February 2021

A tuberculose é uma doença que assola o mundo desde o inicio dos tempos, caracterizado por um grave problema de saúde pública. Por se tratar de uma doença infectocontagiosa, a tuberculose tem um grau de transmissão muito eficiente e eficaz, pois o hospedeiro se contamina com os bacilos através das suas vias respiratórias, através de partículas aerossóis contaminada. Fatores ambientais como poluição do ar, diversos tipos de fumaça, podem ser foco para a tuberculose, uma vez que esses fatores são veículos para contaminação de pequenas residências, presídios com capacidade de lotação sobrecarregada, com pouca circulação de ar. É uma pesquisa descritiva epidemiológica retroativa, coletada na base de dados SINAN, no Brasil, no ano de 2019. As variáveis avaliadas nos resultados foram: Zona Residência segundo coinfecção Tuberculose/HIV, faixa Etária Segundo Ano Diagnostico, Casos confirmados por Grau de Escolaridade, Casos confirmados por Sexo e Casos confirmados por Forma Clínica. Foram registrados casos de coinfecção tuberculose/HIV, por Zona urbana, o maior número de casos notificados, com percentual de 72,2% (n= 6.486), a Zona Rural apresentou 4,5% (n= 411), na faixa etária de 20 – 39 anos, com o total de 46,10% (n= 41.977), o grau de escolaridade mais acometido foi a de 5º a 8º serie incompleta do Ensino Fundamental, com percentual de 18,59% (n= 16.936), homens percentuando 69,90% (n= 63.653), a forma clínica predominante na população Brasileira é a Pulmonar, registrando 84,49% (n= 76.941). A importância para a cura do paciente consiste no diagnostico precoce da doença, isso reduz a mortalidade, a criação de novas políticas públicas que visem educar a população, prevenir a doença e promover a saúde, pode erradicar a infecção e salvar futuras gerações.
Influence of open access journals on the research community in Journal Citation Reports
Authors: Kim Sang-Jun , Park Kay Sook
Published: February 2021

Purpose: The number of open access (OA) journals is rapidly increasing, and it is very important for librarians to understand the influence of OA journals on the research community. This study investigated the influence of the OA journals listed in Journal Citation Reports (JCR) based on various indicators.Methods: The data for this study were prepared by combining the JCR 2014 to 2019 journal list with the number of hybrid OA articles obtained by searching the Web of Science. Each journal’s JCR indicators and article processing charge were added. The influence of OA journals was compared according to OA type, whether they were published by large publishers, and whether they were top gold OA journals.Results: Gold OA journals remained weaker in terms of JCR indicators than hybrid journals. However, the top 20 gold OA journals, accounting for 27.0% of all OA articles in JCR 2014 to 2019, were superior in all JCR indicators. The top three OA publishers (MDPI, BioMed Central, and Public Library of Science) showed potential for development despite concerns regarding poor journals. The top three subscription publishers were very active in OA publishing, but their actual share of hybrid OA articles (Elsevier, 5.1%; Springer, 10.1%; and Wiley, 12.4% in JCR 2019) was still insufficient.Conclusion: Some gold OA journals showed high competitiveness and even the possibility for development beyond traditional journals. The transition of subscription journals to hybrid journals was found to be at the early stage. In light of these findings, librarians should continue monitoring the influence of OA journals.
Comparison of length limits and the actual length of abstracts in pharmacology, oncology, and neurology journals listed in PubMed
Authors: Kim Eungi , Lee Yong-Gu
Published: February 2021

Purpose: This study aimed to compare the length limits specified in the author guidelines with the actual length of abstracts in 90 journals in the fields of pharmacology, oncology, and neurology. Specifically, the following parameters were examined: abstract formats among the three subject areas; the relationship between the length limit and the actual length of abstracts; and actual abstract length according to the number of subheadings, the length of structured abstract subheadings, the length of frequently used subheading sets, and clinical trial registration information.Methods: Thirty journals from each of three medical fields (pharmacology, oncology, and neurology) were selected from Elsevier’s Scimago Journal Rank. This included the journals indexed in PubMed from 2018 to 2019 that published the most articles. Article abstracts from these journals were used to create a dataset for this study. Descriptive, comparative, and correlational analyses of data for the three fields were conducted.Results: The number of subheadings and abstract length increased in parallel. The Results component was the longest, suggesting that authors tended to use longer text to report results than for other structural abstract components. Authors generally utilized the length limit to a full extent without exceeding it.Conclusion: The traditionally used 250-word length limit should be reconsidered for pharmacology, oncology, and neurology journals because it disregards the distinctive characteristics of abstracts and length differences between structured and unstructured abstracts. Various characteristics of abstract lengths presented in this study should be considered to establish more justifiable policies.
Consultation questions on publication ethics from 2016 to 2020 addressed by the Committee on Publication Ethics of the Korean Council of Science Editors
Authors: Son Woo Jin , Yun Cheol-Heui
Published: February 2021

With the goal of improving the publishing ecosystem and promoting transparency in journal publishing, we describe some recent cases in scientific publishing in Korea. The current article summarizes ethical inquiries from domestic journals and publishers, most of whom are members of the Korean Council of Science Editors. We selected 15 representative questions asked during the last 4 years. Those inquiries were classified into hot topics such as plagiarism, duplicate publications, multiple submission, and others (informed consent, copyright, compliance with journal regulations, authors’ responsibilities, and voluntary retraction requests). When plagiarism is suspected, editors and reviewers should assess the situation following the relevant rules and procedures, and if necessary, the manuscript should be rejected. Cases of duplicate publication should be clearly stated in both papers based on the explicit agreement of the editor-in-chief of both journals. As a general rule, the entire content of an article should be published in one issue, but if the article is too long, it may need to be published in two issues. Permission from both journals is required. The abstract and references should be separated accordingly. In cases of copyright conflict, voluntary withdrawal of a paper, or non-compliance with publishing regulations, the manuscript must be withdrawn according to specific procedures (referring to the COPE flow chart). All correspondence regarding a manuscript should be with the corresponding author, who communicates directly with the journal. We hope that these recommendations will help readers in the field of scientific publishing to address issues related to publication ethics.
Was the number of submissions to scholarly journals in Korea affected by the COVID-19 pandemic?
Authors: Huh Sun
Published: February 2021

This study investigated whether there was an increase in submissions to scholarly journals in Korea according to journals’ field and indexation status in Scopus or Science Citation Index Expanded (SCIE) in 2020, the year when the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic first spread throughout the world. The analysis included 60 journals with esubmission systems operated by M2PI. Yearly and monthly submissions were counted from 2016 to 2020. The yearly proportional change was also calculated. In 2020, submissions soared for medical journals indexed in Scopus/SCIE (49.5%), corresponding to an increase of 36.9% relative to the expected number of submissions. There was also a surge of submissions to these journals from March to July 2020. However, non-medical journals and medical journals not indexed in Scopus/SCIE did not show an increase in submissions. The number of submissions to scholarly journals in Korea was affected by the COVID-19 pandemic in a specific subset of journals. The background of the spike in submissions is required to be re-investigated. Editors’ burden also should be mitigated through editorial board members’ help and publishers’ support.
Factors influencing senior entrepreneurship in Chile. A GEM perspective
Authors: Leporati Marcelo , Roses Sergio Daniel , Torres-Marín Alfonso Jesús
Published: February 2021

Objective: The aim of this research is to identify which are the internal factors that lead senior (+55 years) to entrepreneurship in Chile and its comparison with a selected group of Latin American countries.

Methodology: To achieve the previous goal, the analysis is based on the Adult Population Survey of the Global Entrepreneurship Monitor (GEM) of 2016 and uses a logistic regression model applying different variables on the TEA (Total early-stage Entrepreneurial Activity).

Results: The research shows that occupation, level of education, age, knowledge of other entrepreneurs and the entrepreneur’s confidence in their own skills are key variables.

Limitations: These study does not consider the external perspective, which reflects how the environment influences entrepreneurial intentions.

Practical implications: Based on these results, governments can better understand what factors they should consider when configuring policies to support entrepreneurial activity in this demographic sector. Furthermore, this work contributes to the development of knowledge about senior entrepreneurship in the country and to the identification of best practices to be used in other countries.
Capturing the value of the experienced worker
Authors: García Martínez Antón Rafael , Sonsino Yvonne
Published: February 2021

Objective: This article aims to bring together a series of case studies and evidence for examining the full diversity agenda, including age and the steps employers can take to make their business more age ready.

Methodology: The study combines a consulting and meta-analysis methodology. Typical biases and current practices are unpicked to distinguish fact fiction.

Results: This research offers a framework for becoming a successful age-ready employer, older workers are valued, treated fairly, are engaged and productive. Varying results are expected, depending on geography. Developed countries with labour force pressures through shrinking birth rates are likely to be the earliest adopters.

Limitations: Further work is underway to solidify these results in many more organizations globally, and this will take time. In subsequent research, quantitative methodologies should be applied to evaluate the impact of the experience.

Practical implications: This essay helps understanding the value of experienced workers in our society, making it easier now than ever to understand why and how to become an age-ready — not to mention a productive and an efficient — employer.
Celestina's Black Mass
Authors: Barrick Mac E.
Published: February 2021

Not available.
The Comedia Serafina and Its Relationship to La Celestina
Authors: Dille Glen F.
Published: February 2021

Not available.
La Celestina: documento bibliográfico. Tercer suplemento
Authors: Snow Joseph T.
Published: February 2021

No disponible.
Religion as Magic in the Tragedia Policiana
Authors: Finch Patricia S.
Published: February 2021

No disponible.
«...contarte he maravillas...»
Authors: Snow Joseph T.
Published: February 2021

N/A
Dr. Severin, the Partridge, and the Stalking Horse
Authors: Whinnom Keith
Published: February 2021

No disponible.
Ramón Diaz-Solis. Tarde en spana
Authors: Naylor Eric W.
Published: February 2021

N/A
Resumen de tesis
Authors: Snow Joseph T.
Published: February 2021

N/A
Espectáculos: Four Celestina Productions
Authors: Snow Joseph T.
Published: February 2021

N/A
«Andar a caça de perdizes con bueyes»
Authors: Hook David
Published: February 2021

No disponible.
Seven Scholarly Papers on Celestina
Authors: Snow Joseph T.
Published: February 2021

N/A
La asignatura pendiente del feminismo en la prensa
Authors: Bernal Triviño Ana Isabel
Published: February 2021

Las cifras hablan por sí solas. En lo que llevamos de año, una mujer ha sido asesinada por su pareja cada cinco días, un 47% más que en el mismo periodo del año pasado. Solo en el mes de febrero ya se tenían las peores cifras de asesinadas por violencia de género desde 2008, y se prevé que los datos doblen los del año pasado. Junto con las 28 mujeres asesinadas de 2017, también se deben contemplar como víctimas 13 huérfanos. El presupuesto del Gobierno para la lucha contra la violencia de género y políticas de igualdad representa un 0,01% del gasto total, es decir, unos 28 millones de euros. Desde el año 2004, cuando se aprobó la Ley de Medidas de Protección Integral contra la Violencia de Género, se contabilizan más de 800 mujeres asesinadas y más de 161 huérfanos.
El poder de la oratoria: razones para el debate
Authors: Vilajoana Alejandre Sandra
Published: February 2021

Convencer con la palabra. La oratoria es el arte de hablar con elocuencia, de manera eficaz, con el objetivo de deleitar, conmover o persuadir a una audiencia o interlocutor. El fin último de toda comunicación es influir y, para conseguirlo, te propongo un plan: ¡participar en una liga de debate universitaria! ¿Las razones? Cinco porqués surgen de una experiencia de aprendizaje más que recomendable, ¡inolvidable!
Transparencia y reutilización de la información: camino de la implantación
Authors: Garcia Alsina Montserrat
Published: February 2021

Con algunas décadas de diferencia respecto a otras democracias, en España desde hace tres años tenemos legislación para asegurar la transparencia y el acceso a la información pública. A nivel estatal también disponemos de una ley de reutilización de la información pública, para la cual el acceso a la información es clave. ¿Cómo se está implantando la transparencia y la reutilización de la información en las administraciones públicas? ¿Se está obteniendo el beneficio económico que las leyes indican? ¿Qué problemas están surgiendo?
Ferran Lalueza: ''Sólo aprendemos de lo que nos emociona''
Authors: Estanyol i Casals Elisenda
Published: February 2021

Profesor de los Estudios de Ciencias de la Información y de la Comunicación, Ferran Lalueza imparte la asignatura Comunicación de crisis y de riesgo en el máster universitario de Comunicación Corporativa, Protocolo y Eventos que la UOC puso en marcha el curso pasado. Con motivo de la publicación de su primera novela, The show must go on, es entrevistado por Elisenda Estanyol, directora de esta titulación.
COVID-19, alquiler turístico y políticas de cancelación ¿emergencia en tiempos de pandemia de la oculta(da) naturaleza de las plataformas digitales?
Authors: Martínez Nadal Apol·lònia
Published: February 2021

La naturaleza jurídica de las plataformas digitales es una cuestión polémica y debatida. En el caso de las plataformas de comercialización de estancias turísticas breves, el Tribunal de Justicia de la Unión Europea se ha pronunciado sobre la condición de Airbnb declarando que tiene la sola condición de prestador de servicios de la sociedad de la información a los efectos de la Directiva de comercio electrónico, con las consecuencias que de ello se derivan. Consideramos que este pronunciamiento es cuestionable y revisable pues existen elementos que permiten considerar que esta plataforma tiene un control o influencia decisivos que la alejan de tal neutralidad de mero intermediario tecnológico. En concreto, consideramos que la política de cancelación aplicada por Airbnb en estos tiempos de pandemia, de forma unilateral, es, junto con otros elementos de su modelo negocial, una manifestación de tal posición de control o influencia decisivos, en la medida que decide sobre la existencia y continuidad de una relación de la que pretende ser ajena. En el fondo, se plantea la insuficiencia de los conceptos jurídicos tradicionales y la necesidad de nuevas categorías jurídicas para abordar el tratamiento jurídico de las plataformas digitales.
Molecular structures of the eukaryotic retinal importer ABCA4
Authors: Liu Fangyu , Lee James , Chen Jue
Published: February 2021

The ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporter family contains thousands of members with diverse functions. Movement of the substrate, powered by ATP hydrolysis, can be outward (export) or inward (import). ABCA4 is a eukaryotic importer transporting retinal to the cytosol to enter the visual cycle. It also removes toxic retinoids from the disc lumen. Mutations in ABCA4 cause impaired vision or blindness. Despite decades of clinical, biochemical, and animal model studies, the molecular mechanism of ABCA4 is unknown. Here, we report the structures of human ABCA4 in two conformations. In the absence of ATP, ABCA4 adopts an outward-facing conformation, poised to recruit substrate. The presence of ATP induces large conformational changes that could lead to substrate release. These structures provide a molecular basis to understand many disease-causing mutations and a rational guide for new experiments to uncover how ABCA4 recruits, flips, and releases retinoids.
Comparing Early Childhood Teacher Education in the subject Language learning and Early literacy in Denmark and Norway
Authors: Gjems Liv , Kornerup Ida , Vatne Bente , Schrøder Vibeke
Published: February 2021

Few studies highlight the content of early childhood teacher education (ECTE) and examine the quality of knowledge acquired by future early childhood teachers. The current study concerns two questions. The first explores the goals of the national curricula in Danish and Norwegian ECTE concerning children’s language learning and early literacy. The second explores how satisfied Danish and Norwegian student teachers are with their own subjective learning outcomes related to the same themes. To answer the first question, data were collected through document analysis of the two countries’ national curricula. To answer the second question, data were collected through a survey handed out to student teachers in both countries at the end of their education. The survey contained questions about factual, procedural, and meta-knowledge areas. The survey participants comprised 199 Norwegian student teachers from three University Colleges and 90 Danish student teachers from three separate campuses at one University College. This study reveals that the Norwegian student teachers evaluated their subjective learning outcomes in the fields of language learning and early literacy more highly than Danish student teachers. Our research points to the fact that, compared to the Norwegian ECTE, the breadth of subjects in the Danish ECTE bachelor program tends to give lower subjective learning outcomes in these knowledge areas.
Higher bee abundance, but not pest abundance, in landscapes with more agriculture on a late-flowering legume crop in tropical smallholder farms
Authors: Vogel Cassandra , Chunga Timothy L. , Sun Xiaoxuan , Poveda Katja , Steffan-Dewenter Ingolf
Published: February 2021

Background

Landscape composition is known to affect both beneficial insect and pest communities on crop fields. Landscape composition therefore can impact ecosystem (dis)services provided by insects to crops. Though landscape effects on ecosystem service providers have been studied in large-scale agriculture in temperate regions, there is a lack of representation of tropical smallholder agriculture within this field of study, especially in sub-Sahara Africa. Legume crops can provide important food security and soil improvement benefits to vulnerable agriculturalists. However, legumes are dependent on pollinating insects, particularly bees (Hymenoptera: Apiformes) for production and are vulnerable to pests. We selected 10 pigeon pea (Fabaceae:Cajunus cajan(L.)) fields in Malawi with varying proportions of semi-natural habitat and agricultural area within a 1 km radius to study: (1) how the proportion of semi-natural habitat and agricultural area affects the abundance and richness of bees and abundance of florivorous blister beetles (Coleoptera:Melloidae), (2) if the proportion of flowers damaged and fruit set difference between open and bagged flowers are correlated with the proportion of semi-natural habitat or agricultural area and (3) if pigeon pea fruit set difference between open and bagged flowers in these landscapes was constrained by pest damage or improved by bee visitation.

Methods

We performed three, ten-minute, 15 m, transects per field to assess blister beetle abundance and bee abundance and richness. Bees were captured and identified to (morpho)species. We assessed the proportion of flowers damaged by beetles during the flowering period. We performed a pollinator and pest exclusion experiment on 15 plants per field to assess whether fruit set was pollinator limited or constrained by pests.

Results

In our study, bee abundance was higher in areas with proportionally more agricultural area surrounding the fields. This effect was mostly driven by an increase in honeybees. Bee richness and beetle abundances were not affected by landscape characteristics, nor was flower damage or fruit set difference between bagged and open flowers. We did not observe a positive effect of bee density or richness, nor a negative effect of florivory, on fruit set difference.

Discussion

In our study area, pigeon pea flowers relatively late—well into the dry season. This could explain why we observe higher densities of bees in areas dominated by agriculture rather than in areas with more semi-natural habitat where resources for bees during this time of the year are scarce. Therefore, late flowering legumes may be an important food resource for bees during a period of scarcity in the seasonal tropics. The differences in patterns between our study and those conducted in temperate regions highlight the need for landscape-scale studies in areas outside the temperate region.
Occupational Health and Safety Problems, Health Literacy, Mental Health and Quality of life among Public Work Division Workers in the Northeast of Thailand - A Cross-sectional Study
Authors: Wongwarissara Parichat , Padchasuwan Natnapa , Laohasiriwong Wongsa
Published: February 2021

Introduction: Public Work Division is a local government organisation in Thailand. The workers of the Public Work Division are vulnerable to Occupational Health and Safety (OHS) problems. Those who could cope with various hazards should be able to maintain their good Quality of Life (QOL). Aim: To determine the OHS problems, level of Health Literacy (HL), mental health status, QOL and its association among Public Work Division workers of Local Government Organisations in the Northeast of Thailand. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among 823 participants recruited by using multistage random sampling from Public Work Division of Local Administration Organisations in eight provinces of the Northeast of Thailand. A self-administered structured questionnaire was administered to assess OHS problems, HL, mental health and QOL. Multiple logistic regression was used to determine the association between mental health, HL, OHS problems and QOL when controlling other covariates. Results: More than half of the workers were male (71.20%) with the mean age of 39.38 years (±9.64). Almost one-third of the workers had high level of ergonomic OHS (32.20%), 39.49% had high level of depression and 60.51% had interactive level of HL. Only 32.32% had good QOL. The multivariable analysis indicated factors that were significantly associated with good QOL of participants. These factors were critical level of HL on self-management skills (adj. OR=5.57; 95% CI: 3.46-8.94), critical level of HL on media literacy skills (adj. OR=3.29; 95% CI: 1.92- 5.63), moderate depression (adj. OR=2.56; 95% CI: 1.68-3.91), mild depression (adj. OR=5.05; 95% CI: 3.23-7.78) and low-tomoderate ergonomic problems (adj. OR=1.42; 95% CI: 1.01- 2.09) when controlling the effect of other covariates. Conclusion: Less than one-third of public work division workers had good QOL. HL, depression, OHS problems had influence on QOL.
Enhancing Knowledge of Women on Urinary Incontinence- A Pre and Post Interventional Study
Authors: Suchithra BS , Dsilva Fatima , Rajeev TP
Published: February 2021

Introduction: Urinary Incontinence (UI) is highly prevalent among women and has a significant impact on physical and psychological health. Several women fail to seek help or treatment as this problem is a cause of significant embarrassment among women. UI is an important social problem that affects more than 50% of postmenopausal women. Aim: To explore awareness level amongst women about UI and determine the effectiveness of an educational intervention to commensurate their awareness towards the same. Materials and Methods: A descriptive study design was adopted. Postmenopausal rural women of the community in Mangalore were selected by the door to door household survey from April 2018 till March 2019. Data was collected from 60 women using demographic proforma and structured knowledge questionnaire on UI. Results: The response rate for the questionnaire was 100%. In the pretest, 53 (88%) women had poor knowledge, and 7 (12%) had average knowledge regarding UI. In the post-test, knowledge of women enhanced amongst 52 (87%) of women; however, 8 (13%) women were in the poor knowledge category. The mean pretest knowledge score (X=5.38) had significantly enhanced in the post-test (X=11.73, p<0.001). Conclusion: Women have limited access to information and knowledge regarding UI. Nurses play a significant role in promoting targeted awareness in the community towards this condition. The present study created awareness among women and encouraged them to seek timely help for a better Quality of Life (QoL).
Effect of Ethyl Chloride Spray versus Ice Pack Application on Pain Perception in Patients Undergoing Radial Arterial Puncture: A Randomised Controlled Tria
Authors: Dhami Harjot , Sharma Suresh K , Sharma Rakesh , Mudgal Shiv K , Jain Gaurav
Published: February 2021

Introduction: Radial Arterial Puncture (AP) is much needed procedure in critical care setting but pain associated during AP makes patients anxious and stressed. Aim: To evaluate the efficacy of ethyl chloride spray versus ice pack application in decreasing pain during puncture of radial artery for Arterial Blood Gas (ABG) analysis. Materials and Methods: A randomised controlled parallel group design study was conducted in a tertiary care hospital in critical care units among 60 participants during November 2018 to December 2018. Seventy-two participants were initially recruited for this study who had to undergo ABG analysis out of them 12 were excluded and finally 60 participants were randomly allocated to ethyl chloride spray group (n=30) and ice pack application group (n=30). The assigned treatment was given just prior to radial AP. The primary outcome variable was to assess the level of pain score, which participants experienced during AP and measured by pain numerical rating scale while secondary outcome variable was incidence of haematoma within two hours after procedure. Data were presented in frequency, percentages, chi-square, Mann-Whitney U and Fisher’s-exact test. The statistical computer package, IBM Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS 23.0) was used for statistical analysis. Results: The mean pain score was 2.5±1.2 in the ethyl chloride group and 3.1±1.8 in ice pack application group (p=0.113); while incidence of haematoma was significantly high in ice pack application group as compared to ethyl chloride group (33.3% vs. 6.66%; p=0.01). Conclusion: Ethyl chloride spray and ice pack application have no significant difference in reducing pain intensity due to radial AP