Early and mid-term outcomes of modified aortic root repair for acute stanford type A aortic dissection
Authors: Wang L C , Liu Y X , Dun Y J , Sun X G 
Published: October 2021

Background

Acute Stanford type A aortic dissection (ATAAD) is the most common catastrophic aortic event. Most ATAAD involves the aortic root which has many important anatomical structures such as aortic valve, so the proper treatment of dissected root can ensure a good prognosis for patients. However, there is still no consensus on root management strategies for ATAAD patients with aortic root involvement.

Purpose

This clinical study aimed to evaluate the therapeutic effect of modified aortic root repair in ATAAD.

Methods

From September 2017 to September 2020, Participants with root involvement of ATAAD were recruited who underwent modified aortic root repair as well as some additional procedure such as aortic valve junction suspension plasty based on the aortic sinus tear extent. During this novel procedure, the proximal anastomosis plane was at the level of the sinu-tubular junction and the false lumen below it was retained. We collected and analyzed the perioperative clinical data and follow-up imaging data of patients, and further evaluated the early and mid-term efficacy of this surgical approach.

Results

A total of 79 patients were enrolled, including 59 males and 20 females, the age was (52.4±11.3) years old (28–73 years), the diameter of aortic sinus was (38.6±4.1) mm, and the diameter of sinu-tubular junction was (41.8±4.8) mm. In this group, 75 patients (94.9%) received ascending aorta replacement, total arch replacement and frozen elephant trunk, 2 patients (2.5%) received ascending aorta replacement and hybrid total arch replacement, 2 patients (2.5%) received ascending aorta replacement and partial arch replacement. Cardiopulmonary bypass time was (197.2±58.6) min (118–455 min), blocking time was (132.6±38.9) min (73–323 min), circulatory arrest time was (10.3±7.0) min (0–27 min). There was no perioperative death, no paraplegia, one secondary thoracotomy, five renal failures needing hemodialysis treatment and two cerebral infarctions. Before patients discharged, aortic CTA showed that the residual false lumen in the sinus disappeared. And the diameter of the aortic sinus was (35.5±3.1) mm, the diameter of the junction of the aortic sinus was (30.0±3.0) mm. The patients were followed up for (18±12) months (3–35 months). There was one patient died during follow-up and no further surgical intervention at the root of the aorta. Follow-up aortic CTA showed no residual or new dissection in the aortic sinus and no significant difference in the diameters of aortic sinu-tubular junction (P=0.122) or aortic sinus (P=0.37) between postoperative period and follow-up period. Echocardiography showed that the structure and function of the aortic valve were normal.

Conclusions

The modified aortic root repair for ATAAD is relatively simple, easy to learn and safe in perioperative period. Early and mid-term follow-up image examination showed that the structure of aortic sinus returned to normal. The long-term clinical effect requires close attention.

Funding Acknowledgement

Type of funding sources: None. Modified aortic root repair procedureAortic root diameter change under CTA