bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A cytosolic copper storage protein provides a second level of copper tolerance inStreptomyces lividans
Authors: Straw Megan L. , Chaplin Amanda K. , Hough Michael A. , Paps Jordi , Bavro Vassiliy N. , Wilson Michael T. , Vijgenboom Erik , Worrall Jonathan A. R.
Published: December 2017

A cytosolic copper storage protein has been identified inStreptomyces lividansand plays a role in copper tolerance once the first layer of copper resistance becomes saturated.
Negative Poisson's ratio and high-mobility transport anisotropy in SiC6siligraphene
Authors: Liu Xiaobiao , Shao Xiaofei , Yang Bo , Zhao Mingwen
Published: December 2017

Negative Poisson's ratio and high-mobility transport anisotropy in semiconductive SiC6siligraphene.
Vacancy engineering of Cu2−xSe nanoparticles with tunable LSPR and magnetism for dual-modal imaging guided photothermal therapy of cancer
Authors: Zhang Shaohua , Huang Qian , Zhang Lijuan , Zhang Hao , Han Yaobao , Sun Qiao , Cheng Zhenxiang , Qin Huizhu , Dou Shixue , Li Zhen
Published: December 2017

The near-infrared localized surface plasmon resonance and magnetism of Cu2−xSe nanoparticles was tuned by doping with Fe3+ ions. The resultant multifunction hybrid nanostructure was demonstrated to be a novel nanotheranostic agent for imaging-guided photothermal therapy of cancer.
Preparing bulk ultrafine-microstructure high-entropy alloys via direct solidification
Authors: Lu Yiping , Gao Xiaoxia , Dong Yong , Wang Tongmin , Chen Hai-Lin , Maob Huahai , Zhao Yonghao , Jiang Hui , Cao Zhiqiang , Li Tingju , Guo Sheng
Published: December 2017

In the past three decades, nanostructured (NS) and ultrafine-microstructure (UFM) materials have received extensive attention due to their excellent mechanical properties such as high strength.
Turning double hydrophilic into amphiphilic: IR825-conjugated polymeric nanomicelles for near-infrared fluorescence imaging-guided photothermal cancer therapy
Authors: Pan Guang-Yu , Jia Hao-Ran , Zhu Ya-Xuan , Wu Fu-Gen
Published: December 2017

Biocompatible, double channel activable and photodegradable IR825-conjugated polymeric nanomicelles are developed for fluorescence imaging-guided photothermal cancer therapy.
Near-field thermal imaging of optically excited gold nanostructures: scaling principles for collective heating with heat dissipation into the surrounding medium
Authors: Baral Susil , Rafiei Miandashti Ali , Richardson Hugh H.
Published: December 2017

In this paper, we introduce a new optical temperature and thermal imaging technique combining near-field microscopy and Er3+ photoluminescence thermometry.
Discovery of novel diarylpyrimidines as potent HIV-1 NNRTIs by investigating the chemical space of a less explored “hydrophobic channel”
Authors: Zhou Zhongxia , Liu Tao , Kang Dongwei , Huo Zhipeng , Wu Gaochan , Daelemans Dirk , De Clercq Erik , Pannecouque Christophe , Zhan Peng , Liu Xinyong
Published: December 2017

We described the identification of novel HIV-1 NNRTIs via exploration of the chemical space of a seldom explored “hydrophobic channel”.
A fluorescent activatable probe for imaging intracellular Mg2+
Authors: Treadwell Ryan , de Moliner Fabio , Subiros-Funosas Ramon , Hurd Toby , Knox Kirsten , Vendrell Marc
Published: December 2017

An BODIPY probe for detection and imaging of Mg2+ without interference from Ca2+ is described.
Elaboration of bio-epoxy/benzoxazine interpenetrating polymer networks: a composition-to-morphology mapping
Authors: Puchot L. , Verge P. , Peralta S. , Habibi Y. , Vancaeyzeele C. , Vidal F.
Published: December 2017

Real interpenetrating polymer networks obtained from the sequential polymerization of epoxy and benzoxazine networks, with highly improved mechanical properties.
Self-assembly of random co-polymers for selective binding and detection of peptides
Authors: Zhao Bo , Serrano Mahalia A. C. , Gao Jingjing , Zhuang Jiaming , Vachet Richard W. , Thayumanavan S.
Published: December 2017

Amphiphilic random co-polymers, which form stable reverse micelle-type assemblies, have been shown to selectively extract and detect peptides.
Electrospinning of CeO2 nanoparticle dispersions into mesoporous fibers: on the interplay of stability and activity in the HCl oxidation reaction
Authors: Möller Maren , Tarabanko Nikolay , Wessel Claas , Ellinghaus Rüdiger , Over Herbert , Smarsly Bernd M.
Published: December 2017

High-surface-area CeO2 fibers are obtained from a specially developed nanoparticle dispersion and are used as catalysts in the HCl oxidation reaction.
Controlled chemical synthesis of CaO2 particles coated with polyethylene glycol: characterization of crystallite size and oxygen release kinetics
Authors: Rastinfard Arghavan , Nazarpak Masoumeh Haghbin , Moztarzadeh Fathollah
Published: December 2017

The oxygen release pattern of CaO2 nanoparticles was biphasic: an initial burst phase for the first 24 hours followed by a descending release rate for three days. The oxygen release rate in the second phase mainly depended on the shrinking-core model for CaO2 hydrolysis.
Improvement in the hydrogen storage performance of the as-milled Sm–Mg alloys using MoS2 nano-particle catalysts
Authors: Yuan Zeming , Zhang Wei , Zhang Peilong , Zhang Yanghuan , Bu Wengang , Guo Shihai , Zhao Dongliang
Published: December 2017

MoS2 nanoparticles embedded in the alloys markedly enhance the dehydrogenation performance, such as lowering dehydrogenation temperature and enhancing dehydrogenation rate.
A copper–manganese composite oxide as QCM sensing layers for detection of formaldehyde gas
Authors: Yang Mingqing , He Junhui
Published: December 2017

Copper–manganese composite oxide functionalized QCM resonators were fabricated and explored for HCHO. The liner equation between the response of QCM and HCHO concentration endows the QCM resonators with a capability of HCHO quantitative analysis.
A new and facile approach to 1,2-dihydroisoquinolin-3(4H)-imines by the Cu(i)-catalyzed reaction of 2-ethynylbenzyl methanesulfonates, sulfonyl azides and amines
Authors: Huang Ying , Yi Weiyin , Sun Qihui , Zhang Lirong , Yi Fengping
Published: December 2017

A new, step-economical and operationally simple access to unsubstituted 1,2-dihydroisoquinolin-3(4H)-imines by Cu-catalyzed MCRs under mild conditions is described.
Synthesis of hyperbranched polyglycerols using ascorbic acid as an activator
Authors: Dadkhah Mehdi , Shamlooei Hamidreza , Mohammadifar Ehsan , Adeli Mohsen
Published: December 2017

In this work, low molecular weight hyperbranched polyglycerols (LMPGs) are synthesized in bulk using ascorbic acid as an activator.
Lignin-first biorefinery: a reusable catalyst for lignin depolymerization and application of lignin oil to jet fuel aromatics and polyurethane feedstock
Authors: Huang Yong , Duan Yijing , Qiu Shi , Wang Meng , Ju Chao , Cao Hui , Fang Yunming , Tan Tianwei
Published: December 2017

Lignin oil from lignin-first biorefinery with a reusable catalyst was applied to obtain jet fuel aromatics and polyurethane feedstock.
Smart zwitterionic sulfobetaine silane surfaces with switchable wettability for aqueous/nonaqueous drops
Authors: Singh Vickramjeet , Huang Chun-Jen , Sheng Yu-Jane , Tsao Heng-Kwong
Published: December 2017

Smart surfaces with switchable wettability for both aqueous and non-aqueous drops based on zwitterionic sulfobetaine silane (SBSi) have been fabricated. A surfactant solution (aqueous or non-aqueous) rinse (for 5 s) acts as a stimulus and the reversal of surface wettability is achieved simply by a pure water rinse.
Enhancing moisture tolerance in efficient hybrid 3D/2D perovskite photovoltaics
Authors: Koh Teck Ming , Shanmugam Vignesh , Guo Xintong , Lim Swee Sien , Filonik Oliver , Herzig Eva M. , Müller-Buschbaum Peter , Swamy Varghese , Chien Sum Tze , Mhaisalkar Subodh G. , Mathews Nripan
Published: December 2017

Hybrid 3D/2D perovskites combine the high efficiency of 3D perovskites and the stability of 2D perovskites, and possess longer photoluminescence lifetimes, lower trap-state densities and enhanced moisture tolerance. The hybrid 3D/2D structure is a successful strategy to improve stability without sacrificing conversion efficiency.
Metal–organic framework derived Co,N-bidoped carbons as superior electrode catalysts for quantum dot sensitized solar cells
Authors: Li Yan , Zhao Leilei , Du Zhonglin , Du Jun , Wang Wei , Wang Yuan , Zhao Lianjing , Cao Xiao-Ming , Zhong Xinhua
Published: December 2017

Homogeneously Co,N-bidoped porous carbons derived from MOFs are first applied as novel electrocatalysts for QDSCs, and an unexpected PCE of 9.12% has been observed with Zn–Cu–In–Se QDs as sensitizers.
Yolk–shell-structured MnO2microspheres with oxygen vacancies for high-performance supercapacitors
Authors: Fu Yongsheng , Gao Xiangyu , Zha Daosong , Zhu Junwu , Ouyang Xiaoping , Wang Xin
Published: December 2017

An electrode consisting of yolk–shell-structured MnO2microspheres with oxygen vacancies exhibits high specific capacitance, excellent cycling stability (10 000 cycles) and superior rate capability.
A lysosome targetable versatile fluorescent probe for imaging viscosity and peroxynitrite with different fluorescence signals in living cells
Authors: Guo Bingpeng , Jing Jing , Nie Longxue , Xin Fangyun , Gao Congcong , Yang Wen , Zhang Xiaoling
Published: December 2017

A lysosome targetable versatile fluorescent probe for imaging viscosity and peroxynitrite with different fluorescence signals in living cells was developed.
Composition-dependent thermal degradation of red-emitting (Ca1−xSrx)AlSiN3:Eu2+ phosphors for high color rendering white LEDs
Authors: Yao Fenfa , Wang Le , Lv Ying , Zhuang Yixi , Zhou Tian-Liang , Xie Rong-Jun
Published: December 2017

The (Ca1−xSrx)AlSiN3:Eu2+ phosphor with a lower Sr/Ca ratio results in a smaller thermal degradation.
Giant electrostrain accompanying structural evolution in lead-free NBT-based piezoceramics
Authors: Liu Xing , Xue Saidong , Li Feng , Ma Jinpeng , Zhai Jiwei , Shen Bo , Wang Feifei , Zhao Xiangyong , Yan Haixue
Published: December 2017

Lead-free NBT-based piezoceramics: local defects boost ferroelectric instability and giant electrostrain.
Atomic-thick 2D MoS2/insulator interjection structures for enhancing nanogenerator output
Authors: Cui Xin , Xu Qi , Ni Xia , Zhang Yan , Qin Yong
Published: December 2017

Output-enhanced nanogenerators based on atomic-thick 2D MoS2/insulator interjection structures.
Electricity scheduling strategy for home energy management system with renewable energy and battery storage: a case study
Authors: Yang Junjie , Liu Juan , Fang Zilu , Liu Weiting
Published: December 2017

With the development of smart grid, energy consumption on residence will play an important role in the electricity market, while the Home Energy Management System (HEMS) has huge potential to help energy conservation. In this study, a practical HEMS model with renewable energy, storage devices and plug‐in electric vehicles, considering the battery sustainability and the full utilisation of the renewable energy, is first established. Then, according to the combinations of the genetic algorithm (GA) and the multi‐constrained integer programming method, an improved GA is proposed, which goal is to minimise the electricity purchase and maximise the renewable energy utilisation. Finally, it is demonstrated by an example that the proposed method is significant in cost saving and reducing energy wastes. To verify the performances of the proposed algorithm, the numerical results indicate that the proposed algorithm has high computational efficiency and good robustness. In addition, it can avoid the disadvantages easy to trap at a local optimal point, and are insensitive to initial solutions. The effect of the storage device on system property and the sensitivity of cost savings versus demand response, size of the battery, and the electricity price sell to the grid are also analysed.
Study on tolerance capability of converter typed load for voltage fluctuation in system planning
Authors: Zhao Fang , Du Zhaobin , Zhang Wenqian , Zhou Baorong
Published: December 2017

The large number of new energy sources connect to the power grid will cause the voltage volatility which may lead to the sensitive load loss with a certain probability. Thus more attentions should be paid on load characteristics for the distribution network planning promotion. The probability of converter unit failure in the uncertain voltage range is analysed, and the converter‐typed load loss under the corresponding probability is obtained. The application of tolerance capability of converter‐typed load is discussed to enrich the objective function of risk planning for distribution network, considering the minimum load loss caused by voltage fluctuation in the model. An example is shown to calculate the load loss probability and the load loss as the appended sub‐objective, which demonstrating the feasibility of the improved scheme.
Damping characteristics of sub‐synchronous torsional interaction of DFIG‐based wind farm connected to HVDC system
Authors: Yu Hongyang , Zhao Guoliang , Hu Yunting , Gao Benfeng , Zhang Xuewei , Zhang Ruixue
Published: December 2017

High‐voltage direct current (HVDC) transmission system is one of the preferred ways to evacuate large amounts of wind power over a long distance. Since the constant current controllers at HVDC rectifier stations may introduce negative damping on the nearby generating units, it is therefore vital to investigate the potential of sub‐synchronous torsional interaction between wind turbine generator units and HVDC system over a frequency range of interest. This study investigates the damping characteristics of doubly‐fed induction generator (DFIG)‐based wind farm connected to the HVDC system by complex torque coefficient method. A typical model of DFIG‐based wind farm interconnected to a CIGRE HVDC benchmark system is built. In order to avoid the influence of the higher harmonics of the switching devices on the electrical damping results, the equivalent simulation model of AC controlled voltage source and DC controlled current source of DFIG converter is established. Impacts of operating points of the wind farm, AC network strength and parameter settings of the HVDC controller on the electrical damping are studied. It is found that there is no obvious interaction between the DFIG‐based wind farm and the HVDC system, but the damping will get worse with the wind farm scale increasing and the AC network strength weakened. The results are validated by detailed time‐domain simulation through PSCAD/EMTDC.
Emergence of Stimuli-Controlled Switchable Bifunctional Catalysts
Authors: Choudhury Joyanta , Semwal Shrivats
Published: December 2017

Can a single catalyst perform more than one ‘type’ of reaction? If we consider traditional design of catalysts, then the answer would probably be ‘no’. However, with the advancement of catalyst design concepts, chemists have been able to demonstrate the above task, thanks to ‘stimuli-switchable bifunctional catalysts’. Within the nascent research area of ‘artificial switchable catalysis’, this new type of system offers the potential to achieve complex functions which are otherwise difficult or impossible. This Synpacts article highlights the rise of these new-generation catalysts.

1 Introduction

2 Key Advances

3 Conclusion
The Evolution of Damage Control in Concept and Practice
Authors: Beldowicz Brian
Published: December 2017

Damage control surgery (DCS) began as an adjunct approach to hemorrhage control, seeking to facilitate the body's innate clotting ability when direct repair or ligation was impossible, but it has since become a valuable instrument for a broader collection of critically ill surgical patients in whom metabolic dysfunction is the more immediate threat to life than imminent exsanguination. Modern damage control is a strategy that combines the principles of DCS with those of damage control resuscitation. When used correctly, damage control may improve survival in previously unsalvageable patients; when used incorrectly, it can subject patients to imprudent risk and contribute to morbidity. This review discusses the evolution of damage control in both concept and practice, summarizing available literature and experience to guide patient selection, medical decision-making, and strategy implementation throughout the preoperative, intraoperative, and early postoperative periods.
Colonoscopic Perforations
Authors: Mishra Nitin , Rai Vinay
Published: December 2017

Colonoscopy is the gold standard for colon cancer screening. It has led to a decrease in the incidence of colorectal cancer mortality. Colon perforation is a feared complication of this procedure with high morbidity and substantial mortality. Due to the high volume of colonoscopies performed, the absolute number of colonoscopic perforations is relatively high. It leads to a substantial cost to the patient and the health system. Understanding the mechanisms and the risk factors may help in preventing perforation. Traditionally, a laparotomy with creation of a stoma was used to address this complication. However, minimally invasive techniques such as laparoscopy and endoluminal repairs are being used more commonly now. More surgeons are favoring primary anastomosis (with or without a diverting loop ileostomy) than a Hartmann procedure.
Gorham-Stout Disease Management during Pregnancy
Authors: Bargagli Elena , Piccioli Caterina , Cavigli Edoardo , Scola Marianna , Rosi Elisabetta , Lavorini Federico , Novelli Luca , Ugolini Dario , Notaristefano Tommaso , Filippo Pieralli , Miele Vittorio , Comin Camilla , Pistolesi Massimo , Voltolini Luca
Published: December 2017

Gorham-Stout Disease (GSD) is a rare lymphatic disorder affecting children or young adults with no predilection of sex. It is generally associated with vanishing bone osteolytic lesions, thoracic and abdominal involvement, and diffuse pulmonary lymphangiomatosis. Chylous effusions and chylothorax, consequent to the abnormal proliferation of lymphatic vessels, may induce respiratory failure with a high mortality risk. Extrapulmonary alterations may include chylous ascites, lymphopenia, and destructing bone disease for overgrowth of lymphatic vessels. Here, we report the case of a young woman who developed a severe and recalcitrant GSD with persistent unilateral chylothorax during pregnancy. The complex management of this patient during and after pregnancy was discussed and compared with literature data to contribute to the definition of a correct diagnostic and therapeutic approach to this rare lymphatic disease.
Reizdarmsyndrom und Ernährung: Reizende Diagnose und Therapie!
Authors: Schäfer Christiane
Published: December 2017

Mit Veröffentlichung der ROME-IV-Kriterien für die Diagnose des Reizdarmsyndroms (RDS) wächst die bittere
Erkenntnis, dass einfache Lösungen bei der Diagnostik und Therapie dieses Krankheitsbilds unmöglich sind.
Neben immer komplizierteren Diagnosealgorithmen, die zum Ausschluss anderer pathologischer Zustände
abgearbeitet werden müssen, besteht bei den Therapieoptionen Bedarf für eine bessere interdisziplinäre
Zusammenarbeit.
Postoperative Bildgebung nach Gelenkersatz – Knie, Hüfte, Schulter
Authors: Saupe Nadja , Romero Jose , Hersche Otmar , Zanetti Marco
Published: December 2017

Zusammenfassung

Die Gelenke an Knie, Hüfte und Schulter werden häufig und mit gutem Erfolg ersetzt. Mit der weiteren Zunahme dieser Operationen wächst auch die Bedeutung der postoperativen Bildgebung. Besonders Röntgen und CT werden für Routinekontrollen und zum Nachweis von Komplikationen eingesetzt. Die MRT kann – fortgeschrittene Techniken zur Reduktion von Metallartefakten vorausgesetzt – die um die Prothese liegenden Weichteile am besten darstellen.
Neurohormonelle Stressregulation
Authors: Schmidt Karlheiz , Bayer Wolfgang
Published: December 2017

Nervensystem und Hormonsystem sind neben dem Immunsystem die wichtigsten Kommunikationsnetzwerke im
menschlichen Organismus. Alle 3 Systeme stehen in ständiger Wechselwirkung, wobei das Hormonsystem in
aller Regel auch die Mitwirkung des Gefäßsystems erfordert.
„Das beste Kraut für das Herz“
Authors: Hertling Bernd
Published: December 2017

Mit ihrem duftenden ätherischen Öl lindert die Melisse nervöse Herzbeschwerden, sorgt für guten Schlaf und wirkt als zellschonendes Virostatikum.
Der emotionsgeplagte Magen
Authors: Hertling Bernd
Published: December 2017

Psychosomatische Symptome zeigen sich besonders häufig im Bereich des Magens, wo sie gerne als Gastritis fehlgedeutet werden. Neben einer Lebensstiländerung und Rhythmisierung des Alltags bieten sich traditionelle Heilpflanzen wie Kamille, Melisse, Löffelkraut, Brunnenkresse und Braunwurz an. Sowohl spagyrische als auch phytotherapeutische Zubereitungen haben sich in der Praxis bewährt.
Femtosecond manipulation of spins, charges, and ions in nanostructures, thin films, and surfaces
Authors: Carbone F. , Hengsberger M. , Castiglioni L. , Osterwalder J.
Published: December 2017

Modern ultrafast techniques provide new insights into the dynamics of ions, charges, and spins in photoexcited nanostructures. In this review, we describe the use of time-resolved electron-based methods to address specific questions such as the ordering properties of self-assembled nanoparticles supracrystals, the interplay between electronic and structural dynamics in surfaces and adsorbate layers, the light-induced control of collective electronic modes in nanowires and thin films, and the real-space/real-time evolution of the skyrmion lattice in topological magnets.
How to control the stoichiometry of cadmium telluride thin film for photovoltaic applications
Authors: Tan Xuehai , Peng Shou , Zhang Chuanjun , Saraf Akash , Liu Guogen , Xia Shenjiang , Pan Jingong , Krishnakumar Velappan , Siepchen Bastian , Delahoy Alan E. , Chin Ken K.
Published: December 2017

In this study, Bube's growth model for a cadmium telluride (CdTe) polycrystalline thin film was re-examined with a view of avoiding his assumptions that neglect the vapor pressures of Cd and Te2 near the film. We proposed a new thermodynamic growth model based on the fact that there is an experimentally verified characteristic ratio (α) of equilibrium partial pressures PCd/2PTe2 that depends on the temperature T and CdTe stoichiometry. By writing PCd(0)=2α(0)PTe2(0) and PCd(h)=2α(h)PTe2(h), where α(0) is determined by source stoichiometry, we can solve the equations for α(h) and thereby determine the stoichiometry of the CdTe thin film grown under physical vapor deposition (PVD) conditions. Simulation was performed to predict the stoichiometry of the CdTe thin film as a function of source stoichiometry for various source-film temperature combinations. The results show that for a typical CdTe PVD process with Tsource>Tthin film: (1) stable deposition, without a non-stoichiometric composition shift, can be achieved at congruent-growth stoichiometry; (2) any stoichiometric deviation from the congruent sublimation point becomes more substantial (in the same direction) in the thin film than in the source; and (3) larger ΔT between the source and the thin film results in a more composition shift.
The Coulomb based magneto-electric coupling in multiferroic tunnel junctions and granular multiferroics
Authors: Udalov O. G. , Beloborodov I. S.
Published: December 2017

We study magneto-electric effect in two systems: i) multiferroic tunnel junction (MFTJ) - magnetic tunnel junction with ferroelectric barrier and ii) granular multiferroic (GMF) in which ferromagnetic (FM) metallic grains embedded into ferroelectric matrix. We show that the Coulomb interaction influences the magnetic state of the system in several ways: i) through the spin-dependent part of the Coulomb interaction; ii) due to the Coulomb blockade effect suppressing electron hopping and therefore reducing magnetic coupling; and iii) through image forces and polarization screening that modify the barrier for electrons in MFTJ and GMF. We show that in the absence of spin-orbit or strain-mediated coupling magneto-electric effect appears in GMF and MFTJ. The Coulomb interaction depends on the dielectric properties of the system. For GMF it depends on the dielectric constant of FE matrix and for MFTJ on the dielectric constant of the FE barrier. Applying external electric field one can tune the dielectric constant and the Coulomb interaction. Thus, one can control magnetic state with electric field.
Accessing the dark exciton spin in deterministic quantum-dot microlenses
Authors: Heindel Tobias , Thoma Alexander , Schwartz Ido , Schmidgall Emma R. , Gantz Liron , Cogan Dan , Strauß Max , Schnauber Peter , Gschrey Manuel , Schulze Jan-Hindrik , Strittmatter Andre , Rodt Sven , Gershoni David , Reitzenstein Stephan
Published: December 2017

The dark exciton state in semiconductor quantum dots (QDs) constitutes a long-lived solid-state qubit which has the potential to play an important role in implementations of solid-state-based quantum information architectures. In this work, we exploit deterministically fabricated QD microlenses which promise enhanced photon extraction, to optically prepare and read out the dark exciton spin and observe its coherent precession. The optical access to the dark exciton is provided via spin-blockaded metastable biexciton states acting as heralding states, which are identified by deploying polarization-sensitive spectroscopy as well as time-resolved photon cross-correlation experiments. Our experiments reveal a spin-precession period of the dark exciton of (0.82 ± 0.01) ns corresponding to a fine-structure splitting of (5.0 ± 0.7) μeV between its eigenstates ↑⇑±↓⇓. By exploiting microlenses deterministically fabricated above pre-selected QDs, our work demonstrates the possibility to scale up implementations of quantum information processing schemes using the QD-confined dark exciton spin qubit, such as the generation of photonic cluster states or the realization of a solid-state-based quantum memory.
Effect of Bi substitution on the magnetic and magnetocaloric properties of Ni50Mn35In15-xBix Heusler alloys
Authors: Aryal Anil , Quetz Abdiel , Pandey Sudip , Dubenko Igor , Stadler Shane , Ali Naushad
Published: December 2017

The structural, magnetic, magnetocaloric, and transport properties of Ni50Mn35In15-xBix (x = 0, 0.25, 0.5, 1, 1.5) compounds has been studied through X-ray diffraction (XRD), differential scanning calorimetry, and magnetization measurements. A mixture of high temperature austenite phase (AP) and low temperature martensitic phase (MP) was observed from the XRD at room temperature. The saturation magnetization MS at 10 K was found to decrease with increasing Bi content. A shift in the martensitic transition temperature (TM) relative to the parent compound was observed with a maximum shift of ∼ 36 K for x = 1.5. Abnormal shifts in TC and TM to higher temperatures were observed at high field for x ≥ 0.5. Large magnetic entropy changes (ΔSM) of about 40 J/kg K (x = 0) and 34 J/kg K (x = 0.25) were observed at TM with H = 5 T, which reduced significantly for higher Bi concentrations. The doping of small amounts of Bi in the In sites increased the peak width of the ΔSM curves at the second order transition, leading to larger values of relative cooling power. A significant magnetoresistance (-30%) was observed near TM with ΔH = 5T for x = 0.5.
Structure, spectroscopy, and dynamics of the phenol-(water)2 cluster at low and high temperatures
Authors: Samala Nagaprasad Reddy , Agmon Noam
Published: December 2017

Aqueous solutions are complex due to hydrogen bonding (HBing). While gas-phase clusters could provide clues on the solution behavior, most neutral clusters were studied at cryogenic temperatures. Recent results of Shimamori and Fujii provide the first IR spectrum of warm phenol-(H2O)2 clusters. To understand the temperature (T) effect, we have revisited the structure and spectroscopy of phenol-(H2O)2 at all T. While older quantum chemistry work concluded that the cyclic isomers are the most stable, the inclusion of dispersion interactions reveals that they are nearly isoenergetic with isomers forming π-HBs with the phenyl ring. Whereas the OH-stretch bands were previously assigned to purely local modes, we show that at low T they involve a concerted component. We have calculated the (static) anharmonic IR spectra for all low-lying isomers, showing that at the MP2 level, one can single out one isomer (udu) as accounting for the low-T spectrum to 3 cm−1 accuracy. Yet no isomer can explain the substantial blueshift of the phenyl-OH band at elevated temperatures. We describe the temperature effect using ab initio molecular dynamics with a density functional and basis-set (B3LYP-D3/aug-cc-pVTZ) that provide a realistic description of OH⋯O vs. OH⋯π HBing. From the dipole moment autocorrelation function, we obtain good description for both low- and high-T spectra. Trajectory visualization suggests that the ring structure remains mostly intact even at high T, with intermittent switching between OH⋯O and OH⋯π HBing and lengthening of all 3 HBs. The phenyl-OH blueshift is thus attributed to strengthening of its OH bond. A model for three beads on a ring suggests that this shift is partly offset by the elimination of coupling to the other OH bonds in the ring, whereas for the two water molecules these two effects nearly cancel.
Adsorption induced modification of in-plane magnetic anisotropy in epitaxial Co and Fe/Co films on Fe(110)
Authors: Ślęzak M. , Ślęzak T. , Matlak K. , Dróżdż P. , Korecki J.
Published: December 2017

A study of in-plane magnetic anisotropy (MA) in epitaxial bcc Co films and Fe/Co bilayers on a Fe(110) surface is reported. Surface MA of as-deposited Co films and Fe/Co bilayers strongly depends on the Co (dCo) and Fe (dFe) thickness. Adsorption of residual gases drastically modifies in-plane MA of both Co films and Fe/Co bilayers. We present two dimensional MA maps in the (dCo, dFe) space for both as grown and adsorption-modified films. Our results indicate how to precisely engineer in-plane MA that can be controlled by dCo, dFe and is sensitive to the residual gas adsorption.
Impact of radius and skew angle on areal density in heat assisted magnetic recording hard disk drives
Authors: Cordle Michael , Rea Chris , Jury Jason , Rausch Tim , Hardie Cal , Gage Edward , Victora R. H.
Published: December 2017

This study aims to investigate the impact that factors such as skew, radius, and transition curvature have on areal density capability in heat-assisted magnetic recording hard disk drives. We explore a “ballistic seek” approach for capturing in-situ scan line images of the magnetization footprint on the recording media, and extract parametric results of recording characteristics such as transition curvature. We take full advantage of the significantly improved cycle time to apply a statistical treatment to relatively large samples of experimental curvature data to evaluate measurement capability. Quantitative analysis of factors that impact transition curvature reveals an asymmetry in the curvature profile that is strongly correlated to skew angle. Another less obvious skew-related effect is an overall decrease in curvature as skew angle increases. Using conventional perpendicular magnetic recording as the reference case, we characterize areal density capability as a function of recording position.
Absolute vibrational excitation cross sections for 1-18 eV electron scattering from condensed dimethyl phosphate (DMP)
Authors: Lemelin V. , Bass A. D. , Wagner J. R. , Sanche L.
Published: December 2017

Absolute cross sections (CSs) for vibrational excitation by 1-18 eV electrons incident on condensed dimethyl phosphate (DMP) were measured with a high-resolution electron energy loss (EEL) spectrometer. Absolute CSs were extracted from EEL spectra of DMP condensed on multilayer film of Ar held at about 20 K under ultra-high vacuum (∼1 × 10−11 Torr). Structures observed in the energy dependence of the CSs around 2, 4, 7, and 12 eV were compared with previous results of gas- and solid-phase experiments and with theoretical studies on dimethyl phosphate and related molecules. These structures were attributed to the formation of shape resonances.
Impedance and dielectric relaxation spectroscopy studies on the calcium modified Na0.5Bi0.44Ca0.06TiO2.97 ceramics
Authors: Wang W. G. , Li X. Y.
Published: December 2017

Na0.5Bi0.44Ca0.06TiO2.97 ceramics were synthetized by conventional solid-state reaction. XRD measurement analysis shows that the Na0.5Bi0.44Ca0.06TiO2.97 sample is the single perovskite structures. The oxide ion conductivity of the Na0.5Bi0.44Ca0.06TiO2.97 sample was investigated by AC impedance spectroscopy measurement. The bulk conductivity of Na0.5Bi0.44Ca0.06TiO2.97 sample can arrive at 2.22×10-4 S/cm at 573 K in air atmosphere. By changing measuring temperature of dielectric frequency spectroscopy measurement, the activation energy E and pre-exponential factor τ0 are E= 0.81 eV, τ0=1.5×10-13 s for Na0.5Bi0.44Ca0.06TiO2.97 sample, respectively. Judging from the relaxation parameters, the dielectric loss peaks correspond to oxide ion via vacancies diffusion in Na0.5Bi0.44Ca0.06TiO2.97 sample. Compared with the same dopant amount Na0.5Bi0.5Ti0.94Mg0.06O2.94 compound, the better oxygen vacancy mobility and larger specific free volume Vsf might be responsible for the favourable oxide ion conductivity in the Na0.5Bi0.44Ca0.06TiO2.97 sample, indicating that calcium modified Na0.5Bi0.5TiO3 materials are promising for intermediate-temperature solid electrochemical devices.
Economical-environment impact of electricity substitution of fossil energies in China
Authors: Dong Jun , Li Rong , Huo Huijuan
Published: December 2017

China has been plagued by hazy weather for a long time. Adjusting the energy consumption structure and reducing fossil energy consumption proportions are key to solving environmental problems. The “Electricity substitution” development strategy advocates “substituting electricity for coal, oil, and gas.” To establish an efficient energy consumption structure, the strategy is conducive to an increase in the proportion of electricity in the terminal energy consumption market. Therefore, it is important to comprehensively compare the economic and environmental substitution benefits of electricity and other fossil energies when promoting the electricity substitution strategy. In this paper, the energy substitution cost evaluation model is established to compare economic benefits, and a life cycle assessment calculation method is used to obtain the environmental benefits of electricity substitution. Based on the calculation results, the environmental benefits are quantified as the economic cost with an environmental value standard. The comprehensive economic-environmental evaluation results obtained reveal that in the three substitution directions, the effect of substituting electricity for fuel oil is the most obvious. The substitution index considering the economic and environmental cost is 5.25%. “Substituting electricity for oil” can be used as a priority area to promote the electricity substitution strategy. The sensitivity analysis results reveal that reducing the proportion of coal-fired power generation, improving the proportion of clean electricity, and making strict financial penalties for creating pollution, can play strong roles in promoting electricity substitution. This paper provides a new research perspective for the comparison between electricity and fossil fuels. The results from this study can provide references for electricity substitution implementation and relevant policy formulation.
Taking the temperature of terahertz devices reveals heating causes
Authors: Wolverton Mark
Published: December 2017

Researchers develop a thermoreflectance microscopy technique to quickly measure Joule heating in THz emitters.
Novel 3-D acoustic metamaterial ball designed with isotropic negative properties
Authors: Kim Meeri
Published: December 2017

A computational model demonstrates sound cloaking and super-tunneling capabilities of a system built out of metamaterial balls.
Effects of mutation and selection on plasticity of a promoter activity in
Saccharomyces cerevisiae
Authors: Duveau Fabien , Yuan David C. , Metzger Brian P. H. , Hodgins-Davis Andrea , Wittkopp Patricia J.
Published: December 2017

Significance

From seasonal variation in the color of butterfly wings to trees bending toward the light, organisms often change in response to their environment. These changes, known as phenotypic plasticity, can result from differences in how genes are expressed among environments. Mutations causing environment-specific changes in gene expression provide raw material for phenotypic plasticity, but their frequency, effect size, and direction of effects among environments are not well understood. This study shows that mutations in the promoter of a yeast metabolic gene often display environment-dependent effects on gene expression and that these environment-dependent effects have been shaped by selection in natural populations.
Managing the transition to open access publishing: a psychological perspective
Authors: Weckowska Dagmara M. , Levin Nadine , Leonelli Sabina , Dupré John , Castle David
Published: December 2017

To manage the transition to the open access (OA) model of scholarly publishing, we need to understand better what enables, encourages and inhibits the adoption of OA publishing among scientists, and to appreciate individual differences within disciplines. The study adopts a psychological perspective to elucidate motivations, capabilities and opportunities for OA publishing among bioscientists in the UK. To identify differences within the discipline, bioscientists with starkly different past practices for disclosing research data and technologies were interviewed. The sampled bioscientists face similar obstacles and enablers in their physical environment, but that their motivations and experience of their social environments differ. One group is strongly motivated by their moral convictions and beliefs in benefits of OA and feels peer pressure related to OA. The other group expresses fewer pro-OA beliefs, holds beliefs demotivating OA publishing, but feels pressure from research funders to adopt it. The former group makes more frequent use of OA publishing, which suggests that only those with strong motivations will work to overcome the social and physical obstacles. The individual differences within the discipline suggest that bioscientists are unlikely to respond to OA policies in the same way and, thus, the appropriateness of one-size-fits-all OA policies is questioned.
Interactions of toroidally coupled tearing modes in the KSTAR tokamak
Authors: Kim Gnan , Yun Gunsu S , Woo Minho , Park Hyeon K
Published: December 2017

The evolutions of toroidally coupled radially-distant and radially-adjacent tearing modes are visualized in 2D in detail on the Korea superconducting tokamak for advanced research. The coupled tearing modes are in-phase on the out-board mid-plane and become destabilized or compete with each other depending on their spatial separation. When two coupled tearing modes are far apart, both are increasingly destabilized. On the other hand, when they become close to each other, one becomes stabilized while the other becomes destabilized. In such cases, an additional tearing mode is often formed on outer rational flux surface and the three tearing modes compete. The competitions suggest that spatial overlap (merging) of coupled magnetic islands is difficult.
RETRACTED: Analysis on the University’s Network Security Level System in the Big Data Era
Authors: Li Tianli
Published: December 2017

The rapid development of science and technology, the continuous expansion of the scope of computer network applications, has gradually improved the social productive forces, has had a positive impact on the increase production efficiency and industrial scale of China's different industries. Combined with the actual application of computer network in the era of large data, we can see the existence of influencing factors such as network virus, hacker and other attack modes, threatening network security and posing a potential threat to the safe use of computer network in colleges and universities. In view of this unfavorable development situation, universities need to pay attention to the analysis of the situation of large data age, combined with the requirements of network security use, to build a reliable network space security system from the equipment, systems, data and other different levels. To avoid the security risks exist in the network. Based on this, this paper will analyze the hierarchical security system of cyberspace security in the era of large data.
Article Commentary: Mitochondrial Replacement Techniques: Genetic Relatedness, Gender Implications, and Justice
Authors: Ishii Tetsuya , Palacios-González César
Published: December 2017

In 2015 the United Kingdom (UK) became the first nation to legalize egg and zygotic nuclear transfer procedures using mitochondrial replacement techniques (MRTs) to prevent the maternal transmission of serious mitochondrial DNA diseases to offspring. These techniques are a form of human germline genetic modification and can happen intentionally if female embryos are selected during the MRT clinical process, either through sperm selection or preimplantation genetic diagnosis (PGD). In the same year, an MRT was performed by a United States (U.S.)-based physician team. This experiment involved a cross-border effort: the MRT procedure per se was carried out in the US, and the embryo transfer in Mexico. The authors examine the ethics of MRTs from the standpoint of genetic relatedness and gender implications, in places that lack adequate laws and regulation regarding assisted reproduction. Then, we briefly examine whether MRTs can be justified as a reproductive option in the US and Mexico, after reassessing their legalization in the UK. We contend that morally inadequate and ineffective regulations regarding egg donation, PGD, and germline genetic modifications jeopardize the ethical acceptability of the implementation of MRTs, suggesting that MRTs are currently difficult to justify in the US and Mexico. In addition to relevant regulation, the initiation and appropriate use of MRTs in a country require a child-centered follow-up policy and more evidence for its safety.
A β-Glucan-Based Dietary Fiber Reduces Mast Cell-Induced Hyperpermeability in Ileum From Patients With Crohn’s Disease and Control Subjects
Authors: Ganda Mall John-Peter , Casado-Bedmar Maite , Winberg Martin E , Brummer Robert J , Schoultz Ida , Keita Åsa V
Published: December 2017

Background

Administration of β-glucan has shown immune-enhancing effects. Our aim was to investigate whether β-glucan could attenuate mast cell (MC)-induced hyperpermeability in follicle-associated epithelium (FAE) and villus epithelium (VE) of patients with Crohn’s disease (CD) and in noninflammatory bowel disease (IBD)-controls. Further, we studied mechanisms of β-glucan uptake and effects on MCs in vitro.

Methods

Segments of FAE and VE from 8 CD patients and 9 controls were mounted in Ussing chambers. Effects of the MC-degranulator compound 48/80 (C48/80) and yeast-derived β-1,3/1,6 glucan on hyperpermeability were investigated. Translocation of β-glucan and colocalization with immune cells were studied by immunofluorescence. Caco-2-cl1- and FAE-cultures were used to investigate β-glucan-uptake using endocytosis inhibitors and HMC-1.1 to study effects on MCs.

Results

β-glucan significantly attenuated MC-induced paracellular hyperpermeability in CD and controls. Transcellular hyperpermeability was only significantly attenuated in VE. Baseline paracellular permeability was higher in FAE than VE in both groups, P<0.05, and exhibited a more pronounced effect by C48/80 and β-glucan P<0.05. No difference was observed between CD and controls. In vitro studies showed increased passage, P<0.05, of β-glucan through FAE-culture compared to Caco-2-cl1. Passage was mildly attenuated by the inhibitor methyl-β-cyclodextrin. HMC-1.1 experiments showed a trend to decreasing MC-degranulation and levels of TNF-α but not IL-6 by β-glucan. Immunofluorescence revealed more β-glucan-uptake and higher percentage of macrophages and dendritic cells close to β-glucan in VE of CD compared to controls.

Conclusions

We demonstrated beneficial effects of β-glucan on intestinal barrier function and increased β-glucan-passage through FAE model. Our results provide important and novel knowledge on possible applications of β-glucan in health disorders and diseases characterized by intestinal barrier dysfunction.
Dietary Patterns in women with Inflammatory Bowel Disease and Risk of Adverse Pregnancy Outcomes: Results from The Norwegian Mother and Child Cohort Study (MoBa)
Authors: Myklebust-Hansen Thea , Aamodt Geir , Haugen Margaretha , Brantsæter Anne Lise , Vatn Morten H , Bengtson May-Bente
Published: December 2017

Background

The aim of the study was to examine dietary patterns and risk of adverse pregnancy outcomes among mothers with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) in the Norwegian Mother and Child Cohort Study (MoBa).

Method

MoBa enrolled participants from all over Norway between 1999 and 2008, and the study comprised 83,988 mothers, of whom there were 183 mothers with Crohn’s disease (CD) and 240 with ulcerative colitis (UC). An additional questionnaire was submitted to mothers with IBD in 2013. We extracted three exploratory dietary patterns: a “Prudent,” a “Western,” and a “Traditional” pattern. We explored the relationship between dietary patterns and IBD and dietary patterns and adverse pregnancy outcomes: small for gestational age (SGA) and preterm delivery (PTD).

Results

IBD mothers had a significantly lower adherence to the Traditional dietary pattern [mean score -0.10 (95% CI: - 0.2 - - 0.01)] than non-IBD mothers. In IBD mothers, middle and high adherence to the Traditional dietary pattern was associated with lower risk of SGA [OR tertile 2 vs. tertile 1: 0.44 (95% CI: 0.20 - 0.97) and OR tertile 3 vs. tertile 1: 0.23 (95% CI: 0.08–0.61)] than in IBD and non-IBD mothers with low adherence. In the IBD-subset analyses, similar results were demonstrated for UC mothers [OR tertile 2 vs. tertile 1: 0.21 (95% CI: 0.05 – 0.80) and OR tertile 3 vs. tertile 1: 0.16 (95% CI: 0.04 – 0.60)].

Conclusion

In IBD mothers, higher adherence to a Traditional dietary pattern, characterized by high consumption of lean fish, fish products, potatoes, rice porridge, cooked vegetables, and gravy, was associated with lower risk of SGA.