bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
ASSESSMENT OF THE LEVEL OF LOCALIZATION OF INDUSTRIAL PRODUCTION OF THE CENTRAL FEDERAL DISTRICT
Authors:   Financial University under the Government of the Russian Federation, Eshchenko Anna V. , Kosyakova Darina A. ,   Financial University under the Government of the Russian Federation
Published: September 2021

This article is devoted to assessing the level of specialization by means of localization and per capita production of industrial products by industry in the Central Federal District. The article considers the concept of "localization" and concludes that the increase in the number of localized production facilities in the country, has a favorable effect on the functioning of the economy. The approaches and methods currently used to determine the localization of industrial production are described. The article presents an example of calculating the coefficients of specialization of industrial sectors on the example of the subjects of the Central Federal District with the interpretation of the obtained indicators. On the basis of the calculated coefficients of specialization we assess the possibility of building industry clusters on the territory of the regions of the CFD. The relationship between the level of specialization and clusters is described. A comparison is presented and the relationship between clusters and ecosystems as the most perfect form of clusters is shown.
DIGITALIZATION OF ECONOMIC ACTIVITY: RISKS AND THREATS OF THE NEW ERA
Authors:   FRC «Computer science and management» of RAS, Voronin Evgeniy A. , Yushin Igor V. ,   Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration
Published: September 2021

This article discusses the current issues of the development of the digital economy. The significant role of information technologies in the development of modern production and services is noted. The development of digital means of economic activity creates new risks that are not yet sufficiently taken into account by modern economic mechanisms. The digitalization of economic activity is the basis for the emergence of new types of economic activity, as well as a fundamental change in traditional ones. The Digital Economy of the Russian Federation program is a set of measures in various fields of activity aimed at stimulating the creation of an information society. According to the" Strategy for the Development of the information Society in the Russian Federation for 2017-2030", a distinctive feature of the information society is the critical level of influence of information on the economic, socio-cultural living conditions of citizens. Such a definition takes into account the possibility of applying certain information in economic activities. Consideration of such changes should be reflected in the Information Security Document, the updating of which is an actual issue of national economic security.
IMPACT OF THE PANDEMIC ON THE RUSSIAN ECONOMY AND POPULATION INCOME IN 2020
Authors:   Institute of Socio-Economic Studies of Population FCTAS RAS, Migranova Lyudmila A.
Published: September 2021

The article presents dynamics of the coronavirus infection in Russia and analysis of the situation in the national economy and population living standards amid the COVID-19 pandemic. Investigation of the socio-economic situation in the country was performed on the Rosstat preliminary data for 2020. The economy has suffered serious losses from the COVID-19 resurgence already in the second quarter: GDP in constant prizes was only 92% as compared to the corresponding period of 2019, budget revenues reduced at all levels, unemployment increased from 4,7% to 6%. This was immediately reflected in the indicators of well-being. Thus, for example, nominal per capita monetary income of the RF population reduced to 94.6%, and real — to 91,7% against the second quarter of the previous year. Owing to the Government measures to curb the spread of the virus, to provide assistance to business and citizens most affected by the pandemic, the situation began to gradually improve ealready in the third quarter. It is shown in the article that the second, stronger wave of COVID-19, which began in mid-September, did not allow to radically change the socio-economic situation in the country until the close of the year, as follows from the statistics for October-December 2020. The authors make a conclusion that Russia has managed to avoid a deep crisis. They provide a comparative analysis with the crisis situation of 2016. The pandemic will continue affecting the economy and living standards of the Russian population in 2021. Already at the beginning of the year, the RF Government took a series of measures to support the economy and population and to overcome the negative consequences of the year 2020.
MIGRATION AND DEMOGRAPHIC PROCESSES IN MONGOLIA IN THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC
Authors:   University of Finance and Economics, Imideeva Irina V. , Boldbaatar Nandinceza ,   University of the Humanities, Ryazantsev Nikita S. ,   Institute for Demographic Research FCTAS RAS
Published: September 2021

The aim of the study is to analyze the factors of Mongolia's national security in the context of the country's security and approaches to the implementation of demographic policy. The object of the study is the demographic processes in Mongolia during the COVID-19 pandemic in the context of ensuring the country's national security. The subject of the study is the measures taken by the state authorities of Mongolia during the COVID-19 pandemic to protect national interests from internal and external threats, the patterns and principles of implementing and ensuring the national security of the state in the context of solving the country's demographic problems. The most important element of the stability of the national security of the state is demographic security, as it is responsible for the process of reproduction of the country's population, in quantitative and qualitative terms. The approach of the Mongolian state in the context of a pandemic is aimed at protecting every citizen, society and country as a whole from internal and external threats, which allows maintaining the sovereignty, sustainable socio-economic and demographic development, territorial integrity of Mongolia. The study analyzed demographic processes during the COVID-19 pandemic, including fertility, mortality, migration, nuptiality and divorce. The features of migration processes during the COVID-19 pandemic are considered, including the return of Mongolian citizens to their homeland through channels organized by the state — export flights. The links between the socio-economic situation and changes in the demographic sphere in the country are revealed. The key risks in the development of demographic processes in Mongolia during the COVID-19 pandemic, affecting the sustainability of national security, have been identified. Based on the results obtained, measures are proposed to strengthen the demographic policy in Mongolia.
RESPONSE OF THE RUSSIAN LABOR MARKET TO THE "FIRST" AND "SECOND" WAVES OF THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC
Authors:   Institute for Demographic Research FCTAS RAS, Khramova Marina N. , Ryazantsev Sergey V. ,   Institute for Demographic Research FCTAS RAS
Published: September 2021

The paper provides some results of a study of changes that have occurred in the labor markets of Russian regions during the "first" and "second" waves of the COVID-19 pandemic. In particular, it is shown that in 2020 — 2021 there were transformations in the structure of employment of the population of the Russian regions, for example, the number of vacancies in the industries that were most severely affected by the introduction of restrictive measures in the economy decreased, the unemployment rate increased significantly. The negative consequences of the pandemic in one way or another manifested themselves in all Russian regions. However, in a number of regions, which even before the pandemic showed an unstable dynamics of socio-economic development, the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic had a more significant negative impact. This indicates that during a pandemic, divergence processes have intensified in the national economy. At the same time, during the pandemic, some new forms of employment were developed, associated with the need to switch to a remote mode of work. We believe that these new forms of employment will remain relevant both in Russian and international practice even after the end of the pandemic. The paper also analyzes the main measures of state support for the population, small and medium-sized businesses, and migrants. It is shown that, in general, the measures of state support during the pandemic were timely and made it possible to avoid the collapse of the national economy. It is concluded that support measures should be more regionally differentiated in order to take into account the specifics of the economy of the regions of the Russian Federation.
THE WELL-BEING OF MIGRANT WORKERS DURING THE PANDEMIC: RUSSIAN CASE
Authors:   National Research University Higher School of Economics, Denisenko Mikhail B. , Mukomel Vladimir I. ,   Institute of Sociology FCTAS RAS
Published: September 2021

This report is devoted to the analysis of the situation of labor migrants in Russia, as well as migrants who were unable to come to Russia after the borders were closed. In what types of economic activity has the decline in employment become particularly painful for migrants? What is their financial situation? How ready are they to leave Russia if transport links are restored? What are their immediate and long-term plans related to work and life in Russia? The second focus of the study is on potential migrants who were unable to enter Russia after international transport links were severed. What is their economic situation at home? How quickly are they going to go to Russia in case of the removal of restrictions on international travel? To what extent will their arrival deter the fear of a coronavirus pandemic? What are their short — and long-term plans for staying in Russia? This report is based on an online survey of 2,695 foreign citizens, as well as a telephone survey (CATI) of 300 migrant workers in the Moscow megalopolis conducted in the first half of June 2020.
SOME ISSUES OF DIGITALIZATION OF THE MECHANISM OF ADAPTATION AND INTEGRATION OF FOREIGN CITIZENS IN RUSSIA UNDER COVID-19 CONDITIONS
Authors:   Kutafin Moscow State Law University (MSAL), Paukova Yulia V.
Published: September 2021

The article discusses the measures necessary to improve the mechanisms of adaptation and integration of migrants in Russia in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic. Given the provisions of legal acts in which there is disagreement on the issue of state regulation of the processes of adaptation and integration. Taking into account the activities of the state on the introduction of digital technologies in various fields of activity, it is recommended to develop a mobile application containing relevant information on Russian legislation in different languages. It should also provide the foreigner with information about his further actions for staying (residing) in Russia, including the information contained in the state information system. It is noted that in connection with the threat of the spread of coronavirus infection (despite the temporary measures established by the Decree of the President of Russia to regulate the legal status of foreign citizens and stateless persons) for issuing permits, these persons are not exempt from the obligation to pass a comprehensive exam in Russian as a foreign language, history and fundamentals of Russian legislation. Given the established uniform requirements for foreigners to pass such a test. It is proposed to establish three different levels of knowledge requirements for foreign citizens and stateless persons, depending on the requested legal status. In the context of the COVID-19 pandemic, in order to minimize human contacts, measures have been proposed to digitize the procedure for conducting a comprehensive exam. It is proposed to automate the of tests with the subsequent introduction of artificial intelligence methods to fully automate the process of conducting a comprehensive exam. It is proposed to automate the test check by the subsequent introduction of artificial intelligence methods for the complete automation of the examination process.
BARRIERS FOR IRANIAN STUDENTS TO IMMIGRATE TO THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION DURING THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC
Authors:   Institute for Demographic Research FCTAS RAS, Shakeri Ali
Published: September 2021

Since January 2020, the Russian Federation and Iran have been involved with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Restriction in routine life, physical and social activities created many physiological and psychological difficulties for many students during quarantine. In between, international students also had more concerns such as health care in a foreign country, language barriers, and the wellbeing of their families. Therefore, some students, including Iranian students, came back to their home country in the summer of 2020. Unfortunately, many Iranian students studying in Russian universities cannot return to Russia for more than a year because of border closure and the Russian deterrent rules. However, Russia has opened its borders according to health protocols to travelers from many countries, including Armenia, Austria, Azerbaijan, Belarus, Croatia, Cuba, Egypt, etc. And also all football fans from all countries, even Iranian people. By studying the World health organization's protocols, pandemic situation statistics in Russia, and Russian policies about opening borders, we can observe how Russian Federation strictly follows the health protocols for international travelers. Unwavering, Russian Federation continuously works hard to overcome the covid-19 epidemic and was one of the first countries to produce the coronavirus vaccine. Yet, this is singly not enough to defeat the pandemic, and developing herd immunity among society is another important factor in achieving public health during the covid-19 pandemic. Unquestionably, to rapidly remove the pandemic limitations and return to the normal situation for immigrant students, studying Iranian students' immigration barriers during the covid-19 pandemic and eliminating these barriers can be helpful to organize international immigrants.
LIBERALIZING THE IMMIGRATION LEGISLATION OF THE PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC OF CHINA THROUGH THE PRISM OF AFRICANOPHOBIA
Authors:   Institute for Demographic Research FCTAS RAS, Baldanova Radzhana A.
Published: September 2021

The article discusses the draft "Regulations of the People's Republic of China on the Management of Permanent Residence of Foreigners" (Exposure Draft) 2020, the adoption of which in the future will allow African students to obtain a residence permit in China. The new rules introduce concessions for foreign citizens in obtaining permanent residence, which is part of the PRC's policy of attracting highly qualified specialists. Attracting African students to the PRC is part of the “Go abroad” economic strategy. Through educational exchanges, Beijing also participates in the formation of African political and business elites, oriented not towards China. Further, the author examines the popular anti-immigrant theses of a professor at Beijing Normal University, according to whom the relaxation of immigration control will lead China to Islamization. The professor's article received a wide response in the Chinese segment of the Internet, as many Chinese people are unhappy that foreign citizens will receive more rights and privileges. Under the new Regulation, foreigners, for example, are not subject to forced family planning. A new wave of Africanophobia has risen during the COVID-19 pandemic. African migrants were discriminated against. All this is related to the problem of adaptation of African migrants, since China does not provide for institutional mechanisms to facilitate the successful integration of African migrants. The impossibility for the majority of African migrants who want to stay in China after graduation from Chinese universities and meet the listed requirements leads to their illegal status, which in turn contributes to the formation of Afro-Towns and criminal activities.
HUMAN RESOURCES POTENTIAL OF GOVERNMENT AND MANAGEMENT BODIES: SOCIOLOGICAL ASPECT
Authors:   Financial University under the Government of the Russian Federation, Tyurikov Alexander G. , Nadutkina Irina E. ,   Belgorod State National Research University, Veselova Margarita S. ,   Belgorod State Technological University named after V.G. Shukhov
Published: September 2021

The article deals with topical issues related to the further development of the human resources potential of government and management bodies. It is emphasized that the mechanism implementations strategies for ensuring the sustainable development of regions and municipalities are largely determined by systematic work with the managerial personnel reserve, which must necessarily bear the signs of continuity and continuity, as well as stimulate the improvement of the professional level and advanced education of senior personnel.
COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF INSTITUTIONAL TRANSFORMATIONS IN RUSSIA AND BELARUS
Authors:   State University of Management, Schelokov Denis V.
Published: September 2021

The collapse of the Soviet Union had numerous consequences for all its constituent republics. The analysis of these elements of social reality is implemented in the context of the institutional component. These were both constructive and destructive. These consist in the transformation of existing, both official and unofficial, laws and norms of interaction in the direction of utilitarianism. But if in Russia this was done through a total rejection of such elements of social existence, then Belarus tried to combine aspects of the organization of social life under socialism with the new conditions of capitalist reality. The unique results obtained in each society had their own positive and negative consequences. They affected all spheres of public life. Each of the subjects of such a Union reacted differently to the new conditions. Similar processes in Belarusian and Russian societies are of considerable interest in the context of analysis of transformational mechanisms of public administration. This is possible because of the territorial location of these States, as well as the cultural and historical similarity of their peoples. Transformations of previously existing management models, in accordance with the new conditions, are presented as a specific response of each social system to the challenges of the external environment. The most significant of them are functional utility in specific historical conditions, as well as proximity to the norms and values of the corresponding society. Then presented results of the analysis of the mechanism of formation of new internal conditions will allow, in the author’s opinion, in the future to implement a more extensive analysis of the processes occurring in the countries of the former Soviet Union.
PEDAGOGICAL CONDITIONS FOR DEVELOPING INTELLECTUAL ACTIVITY IN YOUNGER SCHOOLCHILDREN WHILE TEACHING THE GAME OF CHESS: THEORETICAL FOUNDATIONS
Authors:   Kalmyk State University B.B. Gorodovikov, Pankin Arcady B. , Doglaev Arslang Y. ,   A.F. Orlovskiy Sport School
Published: September 2021

The article problematizes the development of intellectual elite as a guiding genesis of society and culture, the idea that chess school in the system of additional education is focused on the development of personality giftedness in extracurricular educational environment and is a structure called to create pedagogical conditions of support and accompaniment of development of creative abilities, stimulation of intellectual activity of the young schoolchildren according to the requirements of the chess game is substantiated. The authors analyze the ideas allowing to identify the theoretical and methodological foundations of the main concept of research — "intellectual activity" and related concepts; different contexts of the problem of intellectual activity in the process of learning chess playing are shown; the experience in teaching chess playing to junior schoolchildren is summarized and described; the pedagogical conditions of stimulating intellectual activity of junior schoolchildren in the practice of chess education are revealed. It is proved that the pedagogical conditions of development of intellectual activity of the junior schoolchildren while teaching them chess are the following: the establishment of the relations of collaboration and co-creativity in the pedagogical interaction; organization of classes taking into account the specificity of age with the use of fairy-tale plots, games, elements of dramatization in the context of creating the situation of success for everybody; realization of the developing strategy in teaching chess playing, which assumes forming theoretical thinking, mastering generalized ways of playing chess in the junior schoolchildren.
EVALUATION OF THE RESULTS OF THE FORMING EXPERIMENT ON THE DEVELOPMENT OF POWER STRUCTURES EMPLOYEES TO PROMOTE EFFECTIVE INTERACTION WITH THE LOCAL POPULATION OF THE BORDER
Authors:   Moscow Humanitarian-Technical Academy, Bakhanov Andrey A.
Published: September 2021

The article discusses the possibilities of implementing a program for the development of skills among law enforcement officers. The article analyzes the effectiveness of psychological and pedagogical tools aimed at working with law enforcement officers. The features of communication identified in the course of the study are revealed that affect the interaction of law enforcement officers with local residents. The work of a psychologist with law enforcement officers who directly interact with residents of the border area is described. The main criteria and parameters for assessing the quality and effectiveness of interaction between law enforcement officers and the local population are considered. The main methods of evaluating the effectiveness of the developed program and the factors that complicate it are revealed.
Hypothyroidism and open-angle glaucoma: an accidental or an essential coexistence?
Authors: Tahat A. A. , Al Khawaldeh A. M.
Published: September 2021

We aimed to test the hypothesis that there is an association between hypothyroidism and primary open-angle glaucoma. A total of 60 patients with acquired hypothyroidism were evaluated by a senior ophthalmologist for evidence of glaucoma. Evaluations were carried out by history, tonometry, funduscopy, gonioscopy and visual field perimetry. Thyroid function tests, and dermatological and neurological examinations were performed. Patients were matched according to age and gender. There were 10 males and 50 females [age range 34-72 years]. We found 3 of the 60 patients had signs of open-angle glaucoma, which indicated a possible relationship between hypothyroidism and open-angle glaucoma. It is worth expanding the study to a larger number of patients
Drugs in primary health care centres: availability and prescription in health district, Monastir, Tunisia
Authors: Ben Salem K. , Belghith Z. , Den Amor J. , Harzallah S. , Soltani M. S.
Published: September 2021

Shortages in the availability of some drugs are sometimes noted in primary health care [PHC] centres in spite of the steady increase in the drug budgets in Tunisia. We conducted a survey therefore in 1998 in the health district of Monastir to study the availability of certain essential drugs [n = 15] in PHC centres and the main features of the drug prescription. We found that the drugs lacking were generally those prescribed for chronic diseases and as well as oral antibiotics. Antibiotic treatment constituted 71.8% of public prescriptions and 32.3% of these prescriptions were for an injectable treatment
Smoking behaviour among schoolteachers in the north of the Syrian Arab Republic
Authors: Maziak W. , Mzayek F. , Al Moushareff M.
Published: September 2021

Characterizing the smoking habit in specific populations is important for health planners and policy-makers. We studied the smoking patterns of schoolteachers in Saraqeb, Syrian Arab Republic and found that 52.1% of males and 12.3% of females were current smokers. Male daily smokers smoked 20 +/- 1 cigarettes per day, females 10 +/- 4. Males had smoked for, on average, 16 +/- 1 years, females for 9 +/- 4 years. Daily smokers buying foreign brands spent 22.0% of their monthly income on cigarettes, while those smoking local brands spent 12.2%. Most teachers who smoked did so openly at school. Smoking among teachers should receive attention because it is closely related to the attitudes and practices of young people towards smoking
An outbreak of acute gastroenteritis due to Aeromonas sobria in Benghazi, Libyan Arab Jamahiriya
Authors: Rao B. N. , Alganay K. G. , El Arabi M. B.
Published: September 2021

We report an outbreak of acute diarrhoea due to Aeromonas sobria in Benghazi which occurred during a 1-month period in 1997. Of 69 patients admitted with acute gastroenteritis, 28 were positive for A. sobria based on the production of gas from glucose, the production of acetoin, hydrogen sulfide and lysine decarboxylase and on aesculin hydrolysis and fermentation of arabinose and salicin. The strains were sensitive to chloramphenicol, co-trimoxazole, tetracycline and gentamicin but resistant to ampicillin and carbenicillin. We were unable to trace the source of the infection
Mental health in the Islamic Republic of Iran: achievements and areas of need
Authors: Yasamy M. T.
Published: September 2021

The development of mental health in the Islamic Republic of Iran is described with particular reference to the integration mental health into the primary health care system. The achievements made so far are outlined and the areas of need discussed.
Development of mental health services in Pakistan
Authors: Mubbashar M. H.
Published: September 2021

The development of mental health services is described here. Some of the activities undertaken are outlined including intersectoral collaborations to further mental health services.
Epidemiology of child mental health problems in Gaza Strip
Authors: Thabet A. A. Mousa , Vostanis P.
Published: September 2021

The aim of this study was to detect the prevalence of behavioural and emotional problems among Palestinian children. The study enrolled 959 children from the Gaza Strip, 453 boys and 506 girls. Ages ranged from 6 to 12 years, with a mean of 8.81 years. Teachers completed the Rutter scale B2. The results showed that the case incidence in boys was 247 [54.5%], while in girls it was 215 [46.5%]. The differences between boys and girls were statistically significant, with boys rated by teachers with a significantly higher caseness. The teachers rated 48% of the children as at or above the cut-off level of 9. Factor analysis of the scale revealed the following three factors: antisocial behaviour-aggression, anxiety-fearfulness, and school phobia.
Psychosocial assessment of geriatric subjects in Abha City, Saudi Arabia
Authors: Abolfotouh M. A. , Daffallah A. A. , Khan M. Y. , Khattab M. S. , Abdulmoneim I.
Published: September 2021

Psychosocial assessment of geriatric subjects was carried out through a home-based survey of people aged 65 years and over [n = 810] in the catchment areas of 3 primary health care centres. All the participants had a structured interview and were given a short version of the geriatric depression scale. Depression was found in 17.5% of the subjects, more commonly in women [27.7% versus 12.7%]. The combined effect of impaired perceived health status [52.4%] and functional capacity [26.6%], loneliness [4.5%], single status [24.3%], and lack of education [80.5%] explained 23.7% of the variance in depression score by multiple regression analysis. Depression is a problem among the geriatric population in the region, especially women. Periodic home psychosocial screening of geriatrics is recommended.
Recent advances in research and control of malaria, leishmaniasis, trypanosomiasis and schistosomiasis
Authors: Croft S. L. , Vivas L. , Brooker S.
Published: September 2021

In the Eastern Mediterranean Region of the World Health Organization [WHO], malaria, schistosomiasis, leishmaniasis and trypanosomiasis are the parasitic diseases of major importance. Our review focuses on recent advances in the control and treatment of these diseases with particular reference to diagnosis, chemotherapy, vaccines, vector and environmental control. The Roll Back Malaria Programme, for example, emphasizes the use of insecticide treated bednets in Africa and targets a 30-fold increase in treated bednet use by 2007. Increasing risk factors for leishmaniasis include urbanization, extended agricultural projects and civil unrest and the increase in patients with Leishmania infantum and HIV co-infection in the Region may signal a new threat. In the past 20 years, human African trypanosomiasis has resurged in sub-Saharan Africa; within the Region it has become more common in the southern Sudan where anthroponotic and zoonotic sub-species infections overlap. Schistosomiasis in the Region is caused by either Schistosoma haematobium or S. mansoni and large-scale control efforts include providing regular treatment to at-risk groups and supporting drug delivery through schools.
Lymphatic filariasis in the Eastern Mediterranean Region: current status and prospects for elimination
Authors: El Setouhy M. , Ramzy R. M. R.
Published: September 2021

Lymphatic filariasis [LF] represents a major public health problem in tropical and subtropical regions of the world. The disease is endemic or suspected in several countries of the Eastern Mediterranean Region. Recent advances in diagnosis and therapy led the World Health Assembly to pass a resolution in 1997 calling for “the elimination of lymphatic filariasis as a public health problem. ” The elimination strategy is based on rounds of mass drug administration of an annual single-dose of combined drug regimens for 5-6 consecutive years. Subsequent steps included formation of a Regional Programme Review Group to orient national LF control programmes towards the concept of elimination, provide advice, review each national plan of action and review annual reports. To date, Egypt and the Republic of Yemen have active national LF elimination programmes, however, elimination activities in the Republic of Yemen are still restricted to certain identified endemic regions. Other countries in the Region are on their way to verifying the situation and if LF is proved to be endemic, will start mapping endemic localities. This review sheds light on the status of LF elimination activities in the Region and highlights some of the major accomplishments.
GIS-based prediction of malaria risk in Egypt
Authors: Hassan A. N. , Kenawy M. A. , Kamal H. , Abdel Sattar A. A. , Sowilem M. M.
Published: September 2021

Environmental variables in a malaria geographic information system [GIS] database were analysed to discriminate between governorates at high and low risk of malaria. Only Fayoum governorate was categorized as a high risk area for malaria during the last 2 decades. Discriminant models correctly classified 96.3% of the risk categories and indicated that the most important predictor of risk is hydrogeology. Further GIS spatial analysis indicated that the high malaria risk in Fayoum is associated with a unique environmental envelope of biotic [presence of both efficient malaria vectors] and abiotic [hydrogeology and soil] variables. Recommendations for surveillance and control are discussed.
Household survey of treatment of malaria in Hajjah, Yemen
Authors: Abdo Rabbo A.
Published: September 2021

The practice of self-medication is widespread in the Republic of Yemen. The objectives of this study were to describe the treatment of malaria in households and to promote rational treatment. We surveyed 201 households with family members suffering from malaria or being treated with antimalarials. Numbers of prescribed and non-prescribed drugs were recorded and treatment rationality assessed. Common patterns of irrational treatment of malaria were observed. Polypharmacy was common, with an average of 3.8 total drugs and 1.3 antimalarials found per encounter. Misused and over use of injectables antimalarials was common. People practised self-medication because of belief, experience, lack of confidence in health services and cost of treatment. Most had no knowledge concerning possible risks of antimalarials
Fundido en negro
Authors: Santamaría Alonso Julio
Published: September 2021

Resumen: La serie Blacksad, del guionista Juan Díaz Canales y el dibujante Juanjo Guarnido, ha cosechado un gran éxito internacional desde su aparición a finales del año 2000. La apuesta de los autores, ganadora a la postre, fue crear una historieta protagonizada por animales en un universo realista noir de los EE. UU. de los años 50 del pasado siglo. Si bien Blacksad nació de la admiración por las grandes novelas y películas de serie negra, la vinculación de los álbumes del gato detective con el cine va más allá, sin embargo, de esta relación directa. En sus páginas es posible encontrar alusiones y homenajes a películas de diferentes géneros que han ayudado a conformar el decorado, los personajes e incluso las tramas de las aventuras del protagonista a lo largo de los cinco volúmenes publicados hasta el momento.

Abstract: The Blacksad series, by scriptwriter Juan Díaz Canales and illustrator Juanjo Guarnido, has enjoyed great international success since its creation in late 2000. The authors took a chance – and eventually succeeded – on creating a comic novel starring animals set against a realist, noir, 1950s America background. Blacksad was born out of the authors’ admiration for great noir novels and films, but the link between the cat detective albums and the cinema goes well beyond this point. Throughout the albums’pages we find hints and tributes to many genre films in aspects such as the general background, the personae, and even the plots of the main character’s adventures, which span five volumes so far.
Mujeres de la región Norte: valles de esperanza y montañas de exclusión
Authors: Olivera Bustamante Mercedes , Álvarez Hernández Blanca Luz
Published: September 2021

Nos acercamos a esta región de gran diversidad cultural y profundos contrastes económicos, políticos y sociales, con el objetivo de identificar los efectos de las políticas neoliberales y de la crisis global actual en la situación, condición y participación de las mujeres marginales tanto en sus espacios familiares como en los públicos. Así, con una mirada que fue descubriendo las diferencias y desigualdades de género, clase y etnia que enfrentan en su cotidianidad, nos ha sido posible entender la dinámica de exclusión sistémica que generacionalmente ha reproducido su marginalidad.
Hacerse hombres cabales. Masculinidad entre tojolabales. Segunda edición
Authors: López Moya Martín de la Cruz
Published: September 2021

Muchas personas citan a Simone de Beauvoir, a quien le atribuyen haber señalado que las mujeres no nacen, sino que devienen o llegan a ser mujeres y que algo similar puede afirmarse para los hombres o varones. El libro de Martín de la Cruz López Moya, con el sugerente título de Hacerse hombres cabales. Masculinidad entre tojolabales, nos permite sumar un matiz a la frase anterior; por el hecho de nacer hombre se espera que ciertos sujetos aprendan a comportarse como tales y que en función de qué tanto lo logran puedan ser reconocidos con el adjetivo de cabales; es decir, hombres completos.
Approximate Hardware Architecture for Interpolation Filter of Versatile Video Coding
Authors: Silva Giovane Gomes , Siqueira Ícaro Gonçalves , Grellert Mateus , Diniz Claudio Machado
Published: September 2021

The new Versatile Video Coding (VVC) standard was recently developed to improve compression efficiency of previous video coding standards and to support new applications. This was achieved at the cost of an increase in the computational complexity of the encoder algorithms, which leads to the need to develop hardware accelerators and to apply approximate computing techniques to achieve the performance and power dissipation required for systems that encode video. This work proposes the implementation of an approximate hardware architecture for interpolation filters defined in the VVC standard targeting real-time processing of high resolution videos. The architecture is able to process up to 2560x1600 pixels videos at 30 fps with power dissipation of 23.9 mW when operating at a frequency of 522 MHz, with an average compression efficiency degradation of only 0.41% compared to default VVC video encoder software configuration.
Modern Video Coding: Methods, Challenges and Systems
Authors: Palau Roberta de Carvalho Nobre , Silveira Bianca Santos da Cunha , Domanski Robson André , Loose Marta Breunig , Cerveira Arthur Alves , Sampaio Felipe Martin , Palomino Daniel , Porto Marcelo Schiavon , Corrêa Guilherme Ribeiro , Agostini Luciano Volcan
Published: September 2021

With the increasing demand for digital video applications in our daily lives, video coding and decoding become critical tasks that must be supported by several types of devices and systems. This paper presents a discussion of the main challenges to design dedicated hardware architectures based on modern hybrid video coding formats, such as the High Efficiency Video Coding (HEVC), the AOMedia Video 1 (AV1) and the Versatile Video Coding (VVC). The paper discusses eachstep of the hybrid video coding process, highlighting the main challenges for each codec and discussing the main hardware solutions published in the literature. The discussions presented in the paper show that there are still many challenges to be overcome and open research opportunities, especially for the AV1 and VVC codecs. Most of these challenges are related to the high throughput required for processing high and ultrahigh resolution videos in real time and to energy constraints of multimedia-capable devices.
EFL Teachers’ Perceptions and Strategies in Implementing Learner Autonomy
Authors: Yuzulia Irza
Published: September 2021

Learner autonomy is essential in order to make the students become responsible for their own learning. However, it does not mean that the students are fully independent of their own learning. The teacher’s roles and presence are important to introduce the students to the concept of autonomous learning as well as to promote strategies to foster learner autonomy. This study aims to find out the teachers’ perceptions of the concept of learner autonomy and to find out the strategies used by the experienced and the novice English teacher to implement learner autonomy. This qualitative study was conducted in public senior high schools in Bandung. An experienced and a novice English teacher were involved in this study. The data in this study were collected through observation, interview and questionnaire. The study revealed that experienced and novice teacher hold almost the same perceptions that autonomy means the students’ active role in managing their own learning. The teachers pointed out that autonomous learning gives benefits to students’ learning. However, the experienced teacher was more optimist than the novice teacher regarding the possibility to promote learner autonomy which affects their classroom practices to promote learner autonomy. It is proved that the experienced teacher offers more strategies since she believed that learner autonomy is applicable for all language learners despite students' ages, levels of proficiency and cultures. It was found that the teachers used blogs, self-journal, videoconference and collaboration as strategies to promote learner autonomy.
The Implementation of Indonesian Language Learning for Dyslexic in Children at Elementary Schools in Bengkulu
Authors: Friantary Heny , Afriani Zelvia Liska , Nopitasari Yuni
Published: September 2021

This research is motivated by Indonesian language learning which requires each student to master four language skills, namely listening, speaking, reading and writing. In children with dyslexia or reading difficulties, the implementation efforts made by the 7th grade teacher of the Bengkulu City Special School 05 so that the child continues to master language skills despite having difficulty reading. This study aims to describe the methods used by teachers in Indonesian language learning so that dyslexic children can master reading skills. This type of research is descriptive qualitative research. Data collection techniques used were observation, interviews, and documentation. Meanwhile, the data analysis techniques used were data reduction, data presentation, and finally verification. The results of the study concluded that the implementation of learning in dyslexic children was preparation, implementation, and evaluation. The Indonesian language learning method used by the 7th grade teacher of SLB N 05 Bengkulu City in dyslexic children is the lecture method, the audiolingual method, the skimming method, and the picture and picture cooperative method.
Using Process Writing Approach (PWA) to Teach Writing Descriptive Text
Authors: Novia Fitri , Saptarina Eva
Published: September 2021

The research aim was to find out whether or not there was a significant difference in students' writing performance from descriptive passage among learners who practiced using the Process Writing Approach and those who were not. The design of that research used quasi-experimental. Participants were selected from X TKJ 3 being the experimental group and X TKJ 2 being the control group. Instruments of this study used a written test. There were five topics about the descriptive text in which students chose one of the issues. A paired sample t-test and independent-sample t-test were used to investigate the data. The outcome acquired from the paired sample t-test confirmed that students' writing achievement increased in the descriptive text after using the process writing approach. Independent-samples t-test analysis revealed that pvalue  (0.008) was lower than άvalu (0.05). Further analysis indicated a significant difference in students' writing performance from a descriptive passage within learners who practiced using the Process Writing Approach.
FETUS PAPYRACEOUS
Authors: AKBAR MISBAH , Saeed Roohi , IKRAM MUHAMMAD , Saeed M. , TALIB WASIM
Published: September 2021

Twenty years old primigravida was registered as a case of twin gestation at 20 weeks and advised usual baseline antenatal work up as a routine. The baseline/initial scan revealed one alive issue consistent with the gestationa age of 23 weeks with one intrauterine death at gestational age of 18 weeks. Expectant management with regular follow up and monitoring was planned for the patient which included frequent antenatal visits, ultrasonographic surveillance and monitoring of coagulation profile, after proper conunselling and discussion with the patient.
CARCINOMA OF CERVIX
Authors: IKRAM MUHAMMAD , Saeed Roohi , TALIB WASIM , Saeed M. , CHATHA SADIA
Published: September 2021

Objective: To study the risk factors, clinical presentation and outcome ofmanagement in patients of carcinoma of cervix for one year. Design: Retrospective descriptive study. Place &Duration of Study: Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Sheikh Zayed Federal Postgraduate Medical Instituteand Hospital, Lahore from January 1998 to December 2000. Subjects & Methods: All the patients of carcinoma ofcervix diagnosed during the period of study were included. Relative information were filled in a proforma. Out of 32cases, 30 cases were selected for study as 2 patient did not report back after initial diagnosis. Results: There were80% patients above the age of 40 years. 90% patients were married below the age of 20 years. There was obviouscorrelation of carcinoma cervix with low socioeconomic status and high parity. Foul smelling bloody vaginal discharge,post-coital bleeding, post-menopausal bleeding and irregular periods were the most common symptoms. Most of thepatients presented late, so 57% patients were referred for radiotherapy alone. Surgery alone was possible in only 5patients and combination of surgery and radiotherapy in 7 patients. Follow up attendance of patients was extremelypoor and there was 1 recurrence after primary treatment with radical surgery and radiotherapy. Conclusion: Lack ofeffective screening programme and awareness of patients have led to the delay in diagnosis. All women of reproductiveage, peri-and post-menopausal age groups, para 5 and above, low socioeconomic status and teenage marriagesshould undergo regular screening for carcinoma of cervix at their own locality.
PREVALENCE AND COMPLICATIONS OF ASYMPTOMATIC BACTERIURIA DURING PREGNANCY
Authors: FATIMA NAHEED , YASMIN SHAKEELA , ISHRAT SHABNUM
Published: September 2021

Objective: To study the prevalence and complications ofasymptomatic bacteriuria during pregnancy. Study Design: Descriptive Study (Cross. Sectional). Duration of Study:October 2001 to March 2002. Patients and Methods: There were 3000 houses in Satellite town and extension Beharicolony Bahawalpur. Taking 40% of total, 1200 houses were selected by systemic random sampling and pregnantresidents of these houses were included in the study. Results: 580 ladies fulfilling the inclusion criteria wereinterviewed and tested for bacteriuria by Dip Stick test. 28 women had bacteriuria giving prevalence of 4.8%. Cultureand sensitivity tests showed E-Coli to be the causative organism in 78.6% while 21.4% cases were due to otherorganisms. 35.7% bacteriuric women had positive past history of UTI compared to only 9.7% non-bacteriuric womengiving significant result regarding risk of recurrent infection (p<0.05). Prevalence of anaemia was not much differentin the two groups, 85.7% compared with 82.6%. (p>0.05). Development of PIH was not found to be affected bybacteriuria as 10.7% bacteriuric and 8.9% non bacteriuric women developed PIH (p >0.05). Similarly number of lowbirth weight babies was not much different in the two groups, 7.1% compared with 6.2% (p>0.05). Bacteriuria was foundto be a causative factor for preterm labour as 21.4% bacteriuric women compared with 4.9% non-bacteriuric womenwent into preterm labour (p<0.05). Bacteriuria was found to increase the risk of symptomatic UTI as 14.2% bacteriuricand 2.7% non-bacteriuric women developed cystitis. (p<0.05). CONCLUSION: Asymptomatic bacteriuria is a commoninfection during pregnancy and it increases the risk of symptomatic UTI and preterm birth.
APGAR SCORE OF NEONATE
Authors: ASLAM ANEEL , ALAM FAWAD , ASLAM ADEEL
Published: September 2021

A comparative study was conducted in CMH, Malir, CMH, Kharian andWT (Pvt) Ltd. Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Multan from April 2001 to March 2004. The Apgar score of neonate wascompared for thiopentone or propofol in C-section patients. Two groups of patients were made. Group-A was inducedwith thiopentone and group-B was induced with propofol. Each group had 100 patients. In group-A 13 neonatesrequired manipulation and 2 neonates in group-B also required manipulation like mask ventilation or endotrachealintubation and one of drugs like atropine to improve apgar score. 13% neonates in group-A and 1% neonates in group-B required manipulation. This clearly shows the superiority of propofol over thiopentone as an induction agent in Csection.The P value of group-A was 0.13 and for group B was 0.02 and had had a statistically significant difference.