bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
THE DEFINITION OF THE CHLID UNDER ART. 3045 OF POLISH LABOUR CODE – IN COMAPARATIVE
Authors: Szuba Marzena
Published: October 2018

The point of this article is an attempt to create a definition of the child, under article 3045 of polish labour code. For a purpose of this paper – firstly, there was presented a common definition of the child. Then, legal definitions existing in legal order – in international, eurepean and polish law – were systematized and discussed. After that, there was made a try – to present and solve the most important problems connected to the creation of child’s definition on the grounds of polish labour law. Finally, at the end of this arcicle there was created a definiton of the child under artice 3045 polish labour code, and then, it was compared to the otheres presented definitons.
PROTECTION OF THE PERMANENCE OF EMPLOYMENT IN GERMANY
Authors: Świętnicki Tomasz
Published: October 2018

The aim of this article is to present the protection of the permanence for the employment relationship in Germany and to outline the labor law system prevailing in Germany, as well as attempt to answer the question what are the grounds / prerequisites as a rule of the subject protection. The subject of my analysis are the principles of protection for he permanence of employment relationships established on the basis of a contract for the employee. Labor relations that have their origins in the appointment, and their characteristics remain outside the scope of my article, because it would need a much extensive study.
What Is Conceptual Analysis?
Authors: Valchev Hristo Ivanov ,   Bulgarian Academy of Sciences
Published: October 2018

In the present inquiry I explore the concept of conceptual analysis, looking for ways for it to be improved, and I come to the following conclusions. Conceptual analysis as ordinarily understood in analytic philosophy is a method which consists in drawing a conclusion about what the definition of a predicate is on the basis of an armchair investigation into whether the predicate is semantically applicable in different possible cases; but, the concept of conceptual analysis can be improved by making two changes to it: 1) the investigation into whether the predicate is semantically applicable in different possible cases is not to serve as a basis for a conclusion about what the definition of the predicate is, but as a basis for a conclusion about whether this-and-this is an only necessary, only sufficient, both necessary and sufficient, or neither necessary nor sufficient condition for the predicate’s semantic application; 2) the investigation into whether the predicate is semantically applicable in different possible cases is done not only from the armchair, but also empirically.
Strengthening student support: Offering TRiO Student Support Services in the library
Authors: Girton Carrie , McDonald Krista , Viars Jamie E.
Published: October 2018

Many units on campus play a significant role in student success. Individually, these departments provide services and staff to assist students with various aspects of college life. When these entities collaborate, the impact they have is multiplied and can make services more accessible to students. One such partnership, between the library and TRiO Student Support Services (SSS) at the Miami University-Hamilton Campus, is discussed in this article.
Fashion industry: Resources for online research
Authors: Lane Helen Taylor
Published: October 2018

More post-secondary institutions than ever before are offering fashion degree programs, and, according to Sara Kozlowski, director of education and professional development at the Council of Fashion Designers of America, enrollment in such programs has nearly tripled over the past decade. Moreover, one of the issues facing fashion programs is whether design students are receiving proper support for the business, trade, and entrepreneurial aspects of fashion research.
Washington Hotline
Authors: Hines Shawnda
Published: October 2018

Premidterm election priorities in WashingtonWith just weeks to go before midterm elections, Congress is both making and delaying decisions on issues that are important to libraries.On September 13, the U.S. House and Senate Appropriations Committees released a conference committee report on fiscal year 2019 funding for programs under the Labor, Health and Human Services, Education, and Related Agencies Subcommittee, which controls spending levels for many federal library programs.The news is good.
Impact of Multiple Sclerosis Project ECHO (Extension for Community Healthcare Outcomes) on Provider Confidence and Clinical Practice
Authors: Alschuler Kevin N. , Stobbe Gary A. , Hertz Deborah P. , Johnson Kurt L. , von Geldern Gloria , Wundes Annette , Reynolds Piper , Unruh Kent , Scott John D.
Published: October 2018

Background:

Project ECHO (Extension for Community Healthcare Outcomes) represents a novel approach to addressing disparities in multiple sclerosis (MS) care. A primary mechanism of the program is the use of case consultations to rapidly transfer knowledge from content experts to community providers who care for individuals with MS.

Methods:

MS Project ECHO was pilot tested as a weekly 60-minute videoconference delivered to 24 clinicians across 13 practice sites over 41 weeks. Participants completed a variety of measures related to their experience in the program and answered qualitative questions via exit interview. We report on the responses to exit interview questions related to the case consultation component of MS Project ECHO.

Results:

Participant responses regarding case consultations generated four themes: 1) improved confidence among participants in the existing treatment decision, 2) direct change in the care of the patient provided by the participant, 3) changed practice habits for all of the participant's patients with MS, and 4) increased perception that patients had confidence in the participant as an MS care provider.

Conclusions:

Participant responses support MS Project ECHO as a program that may directly and indirectly affect the way providers deliver MS care in underserved areas. Further research is needed to examine the resulting effect on patient outcomes.
ПРИМЕНА АСИСТИВНE ТЕХНОЛОГИЈE У РАДУ ШКОЛСКИХ БИБЛИОТЕКА НА ТЕРИТОРИЈИ БЕОГРАДA
Authors: Неђић Марина
Published: October 2018

У складу са савременим образовним технологијама исистемима, школска библиотека представља централно место у школи.Њена основна функција састоји се у унапређивању свих облика иподручја образовно-васпитног процеса и њена је обавеза да пружа својеуслуге свим учесницима образовног процеса у школи, а онима који немогу да користе уобичајене библиотечке услуге и грађу, треба даобезбеди посебне услуге и материјале. Специјализоване библиотеке зарад са децом и младима са сметњама у развоју у Србији не постоје. Она суупућена да своју потребу за читањем и информисањем задовољавају пришколама које похађају, а које врло често само формално имајубиблиотеку. Библиотека града Београда врши функцију матичненадлежности и спроводи надзор над стручним радом и условима рада уоко 200 школских библиотека на територији Београда. У раду ће битиприказан рад са децом и младима у 16 библиотека основних и средњихшкола које образују децу са сметњама у развоју (ментална ометеност,оштећење вида, оштећење слуха, поремећаји у понашању и болничколечење) на територији Београда. Овој деци су неопходна помоћнаобразовна помагала која се, у настави и ваннаставним активностима,користе упоредо са традиционалним дидактичким методама.Имплементација новина у раду, а посебно примена асистивнетехнологије, показала се као неопходна у инклузивном образовању.Термин асистивна технологија се односи на широк дијапазонтехнолошких средстава или система који су дизајнирани да побољшајуфункционалне способности особа ометених у развоју и максималнопобољшају њихов квалитет живота.
ИЗДАВАЧИ И АУТОРИ КАО КОРИСНИЦИ БИБЛИОТЕЧКИХ УСЛУГА
Authors: Павловић Марија
Published: October 2018

Рад се бави издаваштвом у Републици Српској (бројрегистрованих и број активних издавача, број објављених књигагодишње, број објављених књига по врсти грађе, број поновљенихиздања и остали статистички подаци); сарадњом издавача и библиотекекроз ISBN агенцију, CIP програм, достављање обавезног примерка;доступношћу података о издавачима и издањима, као и пружањемпомоћи ауторима око налажења издавача, али и пружањем разнихинформација и тражењем одговора у неким неуобичајеним ситуацијама.Биће речи и о растућој издавачкој делатности библиотека, као и обиблиотеци као центру који окупља ауторе, издаваче, преводиоце,штампаре, читаоце.Текст такође усмерава пажњу на откуп књига, неопходност доношењановог закона о издаваштву, као и могуће начине подстицаја за издаваче.
РАЗУМИЈЕВАЊЕ МЕДИЈА КАО ПРЕДУСЛОВ МЕДИЈСКЕ И ИНФОРМАЦИОНЕ ПИСМЕНОСТИ
Authors: Ковачевић Бранка М.
Published: October 2018

Информациона и медијска писменост су појмови који у нашедруштво улазе са транзицијом. Стручна јавност је и раније била упознатаса њима, али без моћи да значајније утиче на перцепцију значења удруштву, као и начин који би омогућио њихово правилно коришћење. Усвијету који је премрежен економским, технолошким, техничким,политичким, информационим и осталим везама, неизбјежно је трагањепојединца и заједнице за разумијевањем сопствене позиције. Сагледаносвеобухватно ово изгледа као питање којим би се могли бавити самофилозофи, али овај рад ћe показати да није тако, мада ћe обимнокористити управо филозофска размишљања. Школска библиотека јеидеално мјесто за окупљање оних којима се требају разјаснити појмовимедија, писмености, друштва знања, цјеложивотног учења,глобализације, манипулације, употребе и злоупотребе. Знање из овихобласти се скупља кроз цјелокупно школовање, али сигурно постојипотреба да се оно синтетише у серију предавања или радионица и наједан приступачан начин представи ученицима. У том процесу је улогашколског библиотекара незамјењива.
NE BIBLIOTEKA U ŠKOLI, NEGO ŠKOLA U BIBLIOTECI
Authors: Alispahić Arijana , Begić Ajdin
Published: October 2018

Cilj rada je dati pregled uloge i značaja školskog bibliotekara, kako upoticanju informacijske pismenosti, tako i u cjelokupnom odgojnoobrazovnomsistemu. Cilj je upoznati značenje informacijske pismenosti kaotemelja cjeloživotnog učenja, istražiti i prepoznati informacijske potrebekorisnika školske biblioteke. Najvažnija uloga i zadatak školskog bibliotekaraje pripremiti učenika za dalje učenje, cjeloživotno učenje. Osoba pripremljenaza cjeloživotno učenje je informacijski pismena osoba, osoba koja zna na kojije način znanje organizovano, kako naći informacije koje su joj potrebne i kakokoristiti nađene informacije na način da i drugi mogu učiti iz njih. U radu jedat pregled primjera iz prakse i ideje za realizaciju programa poticanjainformacijske pismenosti, ne samo u školskoj biblioteci, nego u korelaciji sabilo kojim sadržajima i oblastima iz nastavnog i vannastavnog programa.
БИБЛИОТЕКА КАО СРЕДИШТЕ МЕЂУКУЛТУРАЛНОСТИ
Authors: Улетиловић Александра , Савановић Огњенка
Published: October 2018

Могућности библиотека у пружању помоћи при образовно-научном процесу су разноврсне. Једна од веома важних потребасавременог доба је потреба за савладавањем страних језика. Зависно одрасположивог простора библиотеке, корисно је организовати догађаје накојима ће се публика сусретати са језиком, културом и умјетношћудругих народа. На тај начин библиотека постаје мјесто са којег се шаљепозив на учење, не само у њеном простору и помоћу њених ресурса, негоподстиче и нуди идеје за укључивање у друге образовне институције.У НУБ РС често се организују скупови, изложбе, књижевне вечери ирадионице посвећене упознавању културе и језика других народа.Овакви догађаји подижу степен међукултуралности, свијести овриједностима других култура.Савремени концепт библиотеке као институције отворене према свијету,институције чији библиотекари посјећују семинаре у иностранству,постављају изложбе и на тај начин упознају страну јавност са нашомкултурном баштином, намеће потребу познавања једног страног језика убиблиотечкој струци. Едукација библиотекара у смислу учења странихјезика неопходна је и ради комуникације са странцима који посјећујубиблиотеку.
Metanacentome: A genomic methodology for the study of nascent metatranscription of the microbiome
Authors: Medina Daniel A.
Published: October 2018

The gut microbiota has been shown to have an important influence on host health. Microbial composition of the gut microbiota is modulated by diet and human habits. The composition of human gut microbiota changes with age; and alterations in this composition may influence human health. It has been reported that microbiota composition of each individual is stable across the adult life, but it may varies between individuals. Moreover, human gut microbiota composition differs across geography, according to host genetics, dietary habits, age, ethnic origin, geographic location and lifestyle. Nevertheless, gene composition or functional capacity is highly conserved across individuals, phenomenon known as functional redundancy. Although metatranscriptomics can study the mature mRNA from a microbiome sample, it is impossible identify who bacteria is actively transcribing the genes who drives the molecular expression. The use of genome-wide methodologies to study the active mRNA synthesis could be useful to identify the bacterial population who drives gene expression in microbiome environment.
Einstein gravity from the $$ \mathcal{N}=4 $$ spinning particle
Authors: Bonezzi R. , Meyer A. , Sachs I.
Published: October 2018

Abstract

We obtain a manifestly background independent BRST quantization of the

$$ \mathcal{N}=4 $$

N
=
4

supersymmetric spinning particle. We show that nilpotency of the BRST charge Q implies the Einstein equations admitting a cosmological constant of indefinite sign. The physical graviton states are given by the vertex operator, obtained by an infinitesimal variation of Q, acting on diffeomorphism ghost states. In addition, the tree-point graviton scattering vertex is correctly reproduced by the worldline computation with these vertex operators.
Quality of life in cancer as a function of temperament, coping and posttraumatic stress disorder
Authors: Laskowska Agnieszka
Published: October 2018

The research presented in this paper explores the relationship between three blocks of explaining variables, ie. temperamental traits, stress coping PTSD and the explained variable which is quality of life in a sample of patients diagnosed with cancer. One hundred and twenty nine participants aged 24–81 years, 69 females diagnosed with breast cancer and 60 males diagnosed with lung cancer completed Formal Characteristics of Behaviour – Temperament Inventory (FCB-TI), Coping Inventory for Stressful Situations (CISS), PTSD Inventory (PTSD-C) and Quality of life SF-36 questionnaire. Higher level of emotional reactivity was associated with lower emotional quality of life. Higher level of emotion oriented-coping and higher level of avoidant-distracted coping was associated with higher level of intrusion/arousal and avoidance/numbing, ie. dimensions of PTSD symptoms. There were no statistically significant associations between temperamental traits and stress coping strategies nor between PTSD symptoms level and quality of life. Emotion-oriented coping and avoidant-distracted coping are ineffective in dealing with stress in the situation of patients diagnosed with cancer, because it leads to higher level of PTSD symptoms. The significance of temperamental traits for quality of life in the situation of the patients is marginal. Control of specific factors concerned with current health and treatment status is needed the future research.
GAUSSIAN PROCESS MODELS FOR MORTALITY RATES AND IMPROVEMENT FACTORS – CORRIGENDUM
Authors: Ludkovski Mike , Risk Jimmy , Zail Howard
Published: October 2018

In Ludkovski, Risk, and Zail (2018), the email address for Jimmy Risk appeared incorrectly.

Jimmy Risk's email address should appear as jrisk@cpp.edu.

The original article has been corrected to rectify this error.
CHALCOLITHIC CERAMIC CONNECTIONS BETWEEN MESOPOTAMIA AND IRAN, c.5900–5100 b.c.e.
Authors: Sharp Melissa , Kaercher Kyra
Published: October 2018

The Chalcolithic period in Mesopotamia and Iran (c.6000–4000 b.c.e.) is characterised by larger cities replacing small farming settlements, technological developments including wheel thrown pottery and copper metal working, and people establishing long distance trade networks. The Halaf horizon (5900–5100 b.c.e.) developed out of the local late pottery Neolithic tradition and is found throughout western Syria, southern Turkey, and northern and central Iraq. This archaeological culture is defined by a finely painted pottery, dryland farming, round and rectangular houses, and the use of stamp seals. A comparable ceramic horizon, the J-ware horizon (5200–4700 b.c.e.) arose in the Mahidasht and Kermanshah valleys of Iran. The J-ware ceramics are finely painted, possibly deriving from the Halaf tradition, but also slipped and burnished. The Rowanduz Archaeological Program's (RAP) excavations elucidate links between northern Iraq and northern Iran from the Chalcolithic to the modern period. This paper explores the relationship between the Halaf and J-ware traditions at Banahilk, recently re-excavated by RAP, and the larger contacts during the Chalcolithic.
Granular surface avalanching induced by drainage from a narrow silo
Authors: Hung C.-Y. , Aussillous P. , Capart H.
Published: October 2018

Using theory and experiments, we investigate granular surface avalanching due to material outflow from a narrow silo. The assumed silo geometry is a deep rectangular box, of moderate spanwise width and small gap thickness between smooth front and back walls. A small orifice deep below the free surface lets grains drain out at a constant rate. The resulting granular flows can therefore be assumed quasi-two-dimensional and quasi-steady over most of the surface descent history. To model these flows, we couple a kinematic model of deep granular flow with a dynamic model of shallow surface avalanching. We then compare the calculated flow fields with detailed particle tracking measurements, letting the silo ascend relative to the high-speed camera to increase spatial resolution. The results show that the avalanching surface shape and near-surface flow are controlled by the spanwise gradient in subsidence velocity, and how this gradient is in turn controlled by the height above orifice and the gap thickness. Whereas the deep flow pattern is rate independent, shallow avalanching is paced by the granular rheology.
Complex singularities near the intersection of a free surface and wall. Part 1. Vertical jets and rising bubbles
Authors: Chandler Thomas G. J. , Trinh Philippe H.
Published: October 2018

It is known that in steady-state potential flows, the separation of a gravity-driven free surface from a solid exhibits a number of peculiar characteristics. For example, it can be shown that the fluid must separate from the body so as to form one of three possible in-fluid angles: (i) $180^{\circ }$, (ii) $120^{\circ }$ or (iii) an angle such that the surface is locally perpendicular to the direction of gravity. These necessary separation conditions were notably remarked upon by Dagan & Tulin (J. Fluid Mech., vol. 51 (3), 1972, pp. 529–543) in the context of ship hydrodynamics, but they are of crucial importance in many potential-flow applications. It is not particularly well understood why there is such a drastic change in the local separation behaviours when the global flow is altered. The question that motivates this work is the following: outside of a formal balance-of-terms argument, why must cases (i)–(iii) occur and furthermore, what are the connections between them? In this work, we seek to explain the transitions between the three cases in terms of the singularity structure of the associated solutions once they are extended into the complex plane. A numerical scheme is presented for the analytic continuation of a vertical jet (or alternatively a rising bubble). It will be shown that the transition between the three cases can be predicted by observing the coalescence of singularities as the speed of the jet is modified. A scaling law is derived for the coalescence rate of singularities.
MUSIC THEORY AT WORK: THE ETON CHOIRBOOK, RHYTHMIC PROPORTIONS AND MUSICAL NETWORKS IN SIXTEENTH-CENTURY ENGLAND
Authors: Heminger Anne
Published: October 2018

Whilst scholars often rely on a close reading of the score to understand English musical style at the turn of the fifteenth century, a study of the compositional techniques composers were taught provides complementary evidence of how and why specific stylistic traits came to dominate this repertory. This essay examines the relationship between practical and theoretical sources in late medieval England, demonstrating a link between the writings of two Oxford-educated musicians, John Tucke and John Dygon, and the polyphonic repertory of the Eton Choirbook (Eton College Library, MS 178), compiledc.1500–4. Select case studies from this manuscript suggest that compositional and notational solutions adopted at the turn of the fifteenth century, having to do particularly with metrical proportions, echo music-theoretical concepts elucidated by Tucke and Dygon. These findings impinge upon the current debate concerning the presence of a network between educational institutions in the south-east of England during this period.
Language independent recommender agent
Authors: Yucel Osman , Sen Sandip
Published: October 2018

This paper presents a new ‘Language Independent Recommender Agent’ (LIRA), using information distributed over any text-source pair on the Web about candidate items. While existing review-based recommendation systems learn the features of candidate items and users’ preferences, they do not handle varying perspectives of users on those features. LIRA constructs agents for each user, which run regression algorithms on texts from different sources and builds trust relations. The key advantages of LIRA can be listed as: LIRA does not require reviews from target users, LIRA calculates trust values based on prediction accuracy instead of social connections or rating similarity, LIRA does not require the reviews to come from the same community or peer user group. Since ratings of the reviewers are not necessary for LIRA, we can collect and use reviews from different sources (web pages, professional critiques), as long as we know the corresponding item and source of that text. Since LIRA does not combine text from different sources, texts from different sources are not required to be in the same language. LIRA can utilize text from multiple languages, as long as sources are consistent with their language usage.
High gain dual-band distributed amplifier using new composite right/left-handed transmission line
Authors: Shahraki Hamed , Hakimi Ahmad , Afrooz Kambiz , Pezhman Mohammad Mahdi
Published: October 2018

In this paper, a high-gain dual-band distributed amplifier (DBDA) based on the metamaterial transmission line (TL) is proposed. To have two separate frequency bands in the distributed amplifiers, the composite right/left-handed (CRLH) TLs are used instead of conventional TLs. Although both forward and reverse gains of the distributed amplifiers are available in this case, they suffer from their low gains. In this paper, to increase the DBDA power gain, a new circuit architecture for the CRLH TL is introduced. By using the proposed CRLH TL, a lower wave attenuation coefficient at the forward band of the DBDA is achieved than the conventional structures, which causes a higher forward power gain. Simulation results also show that the power gain of the proposed DBDA is about 28.5 dB at the desired frequency bands, and good agreement between the measurement and simulation results confirms the accuracy of the design method.
Design and development of 2 kW, 3 dB hybrid coupler for the prototype Ion Cyclotron Resonance Frequency (ICRF) system
Authors: Jain Abhinav , Yadav Rana Pratap , Kulkarni S. V.
Published: October 2018

Design and development of 2 kW, 3 dB tandem hybrid coupler for the frequency range of 155–225 MHz has been presented in this paper. The developed 3 dB coupler is to be used in a prototype of Ion Cyclotron Resonance Frequency (ICRF) system of Tokamak, which has been developed to test the resilience of ICRF network during continuously variable RF load excursions. The 3 dB coupler divides the RF power between two antennae of the prototype and protects the RF source by coupling of reflected power to the isolated port. The developed coupler shows excellent coupling flatness of −3 ± 0.3 dB over 38% of fractional bandwidth and also provides voltage standing wave ratio (VSWR) <1.3, isolation better than 32 dB and return loss better than 25 dB in full band. The presented work establishes a technique which can be useful for the development of high-power hybrid coupler in the range of high frequency (HF), very high frequency (VHF) and ultra high frequency (UHF).
Prevention of pancreatic acinar cell carcinoma by Roux-en-Y Gastric Bypass Surgery
Authors: He Rui , Yin Yue , Yin Wenzhen , Li Yin , Zhao Jing , Zhang Weizhen
Published: October 2018

Roux-en-Y Gastric Bypass Surgery (RYGB) prevents the occurrence of pancreatic cell acinar carcinoma (ACC) in male and female Ngn3-Tsc1−/− mice. Ngn3 directed Cre deletion of Tsc1 gene induced the development of pancreatic ACC. The transgenic mice with sham surgery demonstrated a cancer incidence of 96.7 ± 3.35% and survival rate of 67.0 ± 1.4% at the age of 300 days. Metastasis to liver and kidney was observed in 69.7 ± 9.7% and 44.3 ± 8.01% of these animals, respectively. All animals with RYGB performed at the age of 16 weeks survived free of pancreatic ACC up to the age of 300 days. RYGB significantly attenuated the activation of mTORC1 signaling and inhibition of tumor suppressor genes: p21, p27, and p53 in pancreatic ACC. Our studies demonstrate that bariatric surgery may limit the occurrence and growth of pancreatic ACC through the suppression of mTORC1 signaling in pancreas. RYGB shows promise for intervention of both metabolic dysfunction and organ cancer.
Contact angle measurement of free-standing square-millimeter single-layer graphene
Authors: Prydatko Anna V. , Belyaeva Liubov A. , Jiang Lin , Lima Lia M. C. , Schneider Grégory F.
Published: October 2018

Square millimeters of free-standing graphene do not exist per se because of thermal fluctuations in two-dimensional crystals and their tendency to collapse during the detachment from the substrate. Here we form millimeter-scale freely suspended graphene by injecting an air bubble underneath a graphene monolayer floating at the water–air interface, which allowed us to measure the contact angle on fully free-standing non-contaminated graphene. A captive bubble measurement shows that free-standing clean graphene is hydrophilic with a contact angle of 42° ± 3°. The proposed design provides a simple tool to probe and explore the wettability of two-dimensional materials in free-standing geometries and will expand our perception of two-dimensional materials technologies from microscopic to now millimeter scales.
A guanine-flipping and sequestration mechanism for G-quadruplex unwinding by RecQ helicases
Authors: Voter Andrew F. , Qiu Yupeng , Tippana Ramreddy , Myong Sua , Keck James L.
Published: October 2018

Homeostatic regulation of G-quadruplexes (G4s), four-stranded structures that can form in guanine-rich nucleic acids, requires G4 unwinding helicases. The mechanisms that mediate G4 unwinding remain unknown. We report the structure of a bacterial RecQ DNA helicase bound to resolved G4 DNA. Unexpectedly, a guanine base from the unwound G4 is sequestered within a guanine-specific binding pocket. Disruption of the pocket in RecQ blocks G4 unwinding, but not G4 binding or duplex DNA unwinding, indicating its essential role in structure-specific G4 resolution. A novel guanine-flipping and sequestration model that may be applicable to other G4-resolving helicases emerges from these studies.
Efficacy of different types of cognitive enhancers for patients with schizophrenia: a meta-analysis
Authors: Sinkeviciute Igne , Begemann Marieke , Prikken Merel , Oranje Bob , Johnsen Erik , Lei Wan U. , Hugdahl Kenneth , Kroken Rune A. , Rau Carina , Jacobs Jolien D. , Mattaroccia Silvia , Sommer Iris E.
Published: October 2018

Cognitive impairment is a core feature of schizophrenia, which is predictive for functional outcomes and is, therefore, a treatment target in itself. Yet, literature on efficacy of different pharmaco-therapeutic options is inconsistent. This quantitative review provides an overview of studies that investigated potential cognitive enhancers in schizophrenia. We included pharmacological agents, which target different neurotransmitter systems and evaluated their efficacy on overall cognitive functioning and seven separate cognitive domains. In total, 93 studies with 5630 patients were included. Cognitive enhancers, when combined across all different neurotransmitter systems, which act on a large number of different mechanisms, showed a significant (yet small) positive effect size of 0.10 (k = 51, p = 0.023; 95% CI = 0.01 to 0.18) on overall cognition. Cognitive enhancers were not superior to placebo for separate cognitive domains. When analyzing each neurotransmitter system separately, agents acting predominantly on the glutamatergic system showed a small significant effect on overall cognition (k = 29, Hedges’ g = 0.19, p = 0.01), as well as on working memory (k = 20, Hedges’ g = 0.13, p = 0.04). A sub-analysis of cholinesterase inhibitors (ChEI) showed a small effect on working memory (k = 6, Hedges’ g = 0.26, p = 0.03). Other sub-analyses were positively nonsignificant, which may partly be due to the low number of studies we could include per neurotransmitter system. Overall, this meta-analysis showed few favorable effects of cognitive enhancers for patients with schizophrenia, partly due to lack of power. There is a lack of studies involving agents acting on other than glutamatergic and cholinergic systems, especially of those targeting the dopaminergic system.
Leveraging single-cell genomics to expand the fungal tree of life
Authors: Ahrendt Steven R. , Quandt C. Alisha , Ciobanu Doina , Clum Alicia , Salamov Asaf , Andreopoulos Bill , Cheng Jan-Fang , Woyke Tanja , Pelin Adrian , Henrissat Bernard , Reynolds Nicole K. , Benny Gerald L. , Smith Matthew E. , James Timothy Y. , Grigoriev Igor V.
Published: October 2018

Environmental DNA surveys reveal that most fungal diversity represents uncultured species. We sequenced the genomes of eight uncultured species across the fungal tree of life using a new single-cell genomics pipeline. We show that, despite a large variation in genome and gene space recovery from each single amplified genome (SAG), ≥90% can be recovered by combining multiple SAGs. SAGs provide robust placement for early-diverging lineages and infer a diploid ancestor of fungi. Early-diverging fungi share metabolic deficiencies and show unique gene expansions correlated with parasitism and unculturability. Single-cell genomics holds great promise in exploring fungal diversity, life cycles and metabolic potential.
Mobility of A Water Droplet on Liquid Phase of N-Octadecane Coated Hydrophobic Surface
Authors: Yilbas Bekir Sami , Ali Haider , Al-Sharafi Abdullah , Al-Aqeeli Nasser , Abu-Dheir Numan , Demir Kahraman
Published: October 2018

A water droplet behavior on the liquid n-octadecane film is investigated. The coating of hydrophobic surface by N-octadecane film provides exchange of wetting state on the surface. The polycarbonate surface is crystallized and the functionalized silica particles are placed on the resulting surface prior to thin film coating of n-octadecane. A high-speed camera is used to monitor dynamic characteristics of the droplet on the inclined film. The findings reveal that deposition of thin n-octadecane film on hydrophobic surface results in reversibly exchange of the wetting state at the surface, which remains hydrophobic when n-octadecane film is in solid phase while it becomes hydrophilic when n-octadecane film liquefies. Droplet transition velocity predicted agrees well with the experimental data. Sliding mode of the water droplet governs droplet transition on the liquid surface. Droplet pinning force, due to interfacial tension, dominates over the other retention forces including drag and shear.
MiR-494-3p regulates mitochondrial biogenesis and thermogenesis through PGC1-α signalling in beige adipocytes
Authors: Lemecha Mengistu , Morino Katsutaro , Imamura Takeshi , Iwasaki Hirotaka , Ohashi Natsuko , Ida Shogo , Sato Daisuke , Sekine Osamu , Ugi Satoshi , Maegawa Hiroshi
Published: October 2018

Mitochondria are critical in heat generation in brown and beige adipocytes. Mitochondrial number and function are regulated in response to external stimuli, such as cold exposure and β3 adrenergic receptor agonist. However, the molecular mechanisms regulating mitochondrial biogenesis during browning, especially by microRNAs, remain unknown. We investigated the role of miR-494-3p in mitochondrial biogenesis during adipogenesis and browning. Intermittent mild cold exposure of mice induced PPARγ coactivator1-α (PGC1-α) and mitochondrial TFAM, PDH, and ANT1/2 expression along with uncoupling protein-1 (Ucp1) in inguinal white adipose tissue (iWAT). miR-494-3p levels were significantly downregulated in iWAT upon cold exposure (p < 0.05). miR-494-3p overexpression substantially reduced PGC1-α expression and its downstream targets TFAM, PDH and MTCO1 in 3T3-L1 white and beige adipocytes (p < 0.05). miR-494-3p inhibition in 3T3-L1 white adipocytes resulted in increased PDH (p < 0.05). PGC1-α, TFAM and Ucp1 mRNA levels were robustly downregulated by miR-494-3p overexpression in 3T3-L1 beige adipocytes, along with strongly decreased oxygen consumption rate. PGC1-α and Ucp1 proteins were downregulated by miR-494-3p in primary beige cells (p < 0.05). Luciferase assays confirmed PGC1-α as a direct gene target of miR-494-3p. Our findings demonstrate that decreased miR-494-3p expression during browning regulates mitochondrial biogenesis and thermogenesis through PGC1-α.
Assembly of protein complexes restricts diffusion of Wnt3a proteins
Authors: Takada Ritsuko , Mii Yusuke , Krayukhina Elena , Maruyama Yuusuke , Mio Kazuhiro , Sasaki Yoshikazu , Shinkawa Takao , Pack Chan-Gi , Sako Yasushi , Sato Chikara , Uchiyama Susumu , Takada Shinji
Published: October 2018

Members of the Wnt protein family play roles in many aspects of embryogenesis and homeostasis. Despite their biological significance, characteristics of Wnt proteins still remain unclear, mainly due to their insolubility after the removal of serum. Here we examine Wnt proteins in serum-containing media by using analytical ultracentrifugation with a fluorescence detection system. This analysis reveals that Wnt3a assembles into high-molecular-weight complexes that become dissociable by interaction with the extracellular domain of the Frizzled8 receptor or secreted Wnt-binding protein sFRP2. Cross-linking and single-particle analyses of Wnt3a fractionated by gel filtration chromatography show the homo-trimer to be the smallest form of the assembled Wnt3a complexes. Fluorescence correlation spectroscopy and immunohistochemistry reveal that the assembly of Wnt3a complexes restricted their diffusion and signaling range inXenopus laevisembryos. Thus, we propose that the Wnt diffusion range can be controlled by a balance between the assembly of Wnt complexes and their dissociation.
Assisted π-stacking: a strong synergy between weak interactions
Authors: Sao Soumik , Naskar Sumit , Mukhopadhyay Narottam , Das Mousumi , Chaudhuri Debangshu
Published: October 2018

An exceptionally strong synergy between aromatic π-stacking and n → π* interaction.
Dual-channel near-infrared fluorescent probe for real-time tracking of endogenous γ-glutamyl transpeptidase activity
Authors: Bai Bing , Yan Chenxu , Zhang Yutao , Guo Zhiqian , Zhu Wei-Hong
Published: October 2018

We developed a curcuminoid difluoroboron-based fluorescent probe for tracking endogenous GGT activity with dual-channel light-up near-infrared (NIR) imaging.
Umpolung cyclization reaction of N-cinnamoylthioureas in the presence of DBU
Authors: Saito Rei , Uemura Naohiro , Ishikawa Hiroki , Magara Akina , Yoshida Yasushi , Mino Takashi , Kasashima Yoshio , Sakamoto Masami
Published: October 2018

The reaction of N-cinnamoylthioureas with DBU proceeded in an unprecedented “umpolung” cyclization fashion to give five-membered iminothiazolidinones and/or thiohydantoins.
An unexpected thermal-ring-rearrangement of benzochromenes to inden-3-yl-naphthols with pTsOH
Authors: Yaragorla Srinivasarao , Khan Tabassum
Published: October 2018

Described here is the first report of an unexpected thermal-ring rearrangement (TRR) of benzochromenes to indene derivatives promoted by pTsOH, which proceeds through the protonation of benzochromenes by an acid catalysts followed by ring-opening and ring-closure by an intramolecular Friedel–Crafts cyclization.
Correction: Development of oligonucleotide-based antagonists of Ebola virus protein 24 inhibiting its interaction with karyopherin alpha 1
Authors: Tanaka Keisuke , Kasahara Yuuya , Miyamoto Yoichi , Okuda Takumi , Kasai Tatsuro , Onodera Kentaro , Kuwahara Masayasu , Oka Masahiro , Yoneda Yoshihiro , Obika Satoshi
Published: October 2018

Correction for ‘Development of oligonucleotide-based antagonists of Ebola virus protein 24 inhibiting its interaction with karyopherin alpha 1′ by Keisuke Tanaka et al., Org. Biomol. Chem., 2018, 16, 4456–4463.
Correction: Expanding analytical tools for characterizing ultrasmall silica-based nanoparticles
Authors: Yoo B. , Ma K. , Wiesner U. , Bradbury M.
Published: October 2018

Correction for ‘Expanding analytical tools for characterizing ultrasmall silica-based nanoparticles’ by B. Yoo et al., RSC Adv., 2017, 7, 16861–16865.
Variants with increased negative electrostatic potential in the Cx50 gap junction pore increased unitary channel conductance and magnesium modulation
Authors: Tejada Mary Grace , Sudhakar Swathy , Kim Nicholas K. , Aoyama Hiroshi , Shilton Brian H. , Bai Donglin
Published: October 2018

Gap junction (GJ) channels are oligomers of connexins forming channels linking neighboring cells. GJs formed by different connexins show distinct unitary channel conductance (γj), transjunctional voltage-dependent gating (Vj-gating) properties, and modulation by intracellular magnesium ([Mg2+]i). The underlying molecular determinants are not fully clear. Previous experimental evidence indicates that residues in the amino terminal (NT) and initial segment of the first extracellular (E1) domain influence the γj, Vj-gating, and/or [Mg2+]i modulation in several GJs. Increasing negatively charged residues in Cx50 (connexin50) E1 (G46D or G46E) increased γj, while increasing positively charged residue (G46K) reduced the γj. Sequence alignment of Cx50 and Cx37 in the NT and E1 domains revealed that in Cx50 G8 and V53, positions are negatively charged residues in Cx37 (E8 and E53, respectively). To evaluate these residues together, we generated a triple variant in Cx50, G8E, G46E, and V53E simultaneously to study its γj, Vj-gating properties, and modulation by [Mg2+]i. Our data indicate that the triple variant and individual variants G8E, G46E, and V53E significantly increased Cx50 GJ γj without a significant change in the Vj gating. In addition, elevated [Mg2+]i reduced γj in Cx50 and all the variant GJs. These results and our homology structural models suggest that these NT/E1 residues are likely to be pore-lining and the variants increased the negative electrostatic potentials along the GJ pore to facilitate the γj of this cation-preferring GJ channel. Our results indicate that electrostatic properties of the Cx50 GJ pore are important for the γj and the [Mg2+]i modulation.
Metabolomic profiling of ovary in mice treated with FSH using ultra performance liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry
Authors: Sun Liting , Chen Lu , Jiang Yanwen , Zhao Yun , Wang Fengge , Zheng Xue , Li Chunjin , Zhou Xu
Published: October 2018

The growth and development of follicles are a very complex physiological process that is regulated by endocrine, autocrine and paracrine mechanisms. The effect of small molecules in follicular microenvironment on follicular growth and development has not been clearly analyzed. In the present study, the metabolic changes in ovaries of FSH-stimulated mice were investigated. Metabolomic profiling of ovary stimulated by FSH were analyzed by ultra-performance liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry and characterized by principal components analysis and orthogonal partial least squares discriminant analysis. Multivariate statistical analysis identified 21 differentially metabolites in positive ion mode and 12 in negative ion mode in the FSH-treated mice compared with the control mice. These results indicated that various types of phosphatidylcholine were changed. Furthermore, the levels of L-Glutamyl 5-phosphate, N-Acetyl-L-aspartic acid, 4-fumarylacetoacetic acid, adenylylselenate and 5′-Methylthioadenosine in the ovaries of the FSH-stimulated mice were decreased. However, the levels of 19-hydroxytestosterone and 5,10-methenyltetrahydrofolic acid were significantly increased in the positive ion mode and negative ion mode, respectively. Thirty-three differential metabolites including fatty acid metabolism, amino acid metabolism and lipid metabolism in the ovaries of mice were affected by FSH injection. The findings of our study provide a new insight into understanding the follicular development.
RAS variant signalling
Authors: Mo Stephanie P. , Coulson Judy M. , Prior Ian A.
Published: October 2018

RAS proteins are small GTPases that regulate signalling networks that control cellular proliferation and survival. They are frequently mutated in cancer and a commonly occurring group of developmental disorders called RASopathies. We discuss recent findings describing how RAS isoforms and different activating mutations differentially contribute to normal and disease-associated biology and the mechanisms that have been proposed to underpin this.
New criteria for mean square exponential stability of stochastic systems with variable and distributed delays
Authors: Yang Xuetao , Zhu Quanxin
Published: October 2018

In this study, the authors are interested in the mean square exponential stability of stochastic systems with variable and distributed delays. Different from the traditional methods, based on the well‐known Perron–Frobenius theorem and Itô formula, a proof by contradiction to explore some new criteria for the mean square exponential stability of stochastic delay systems is introduced. In particular, the proposed novel stability criteria reduce the traditional restrictions imposed on variable delays and also provide an optimal upper bound for delays. Two examples are given as applications to verify the effectiveness of the obtained results.
Further results on the global continuous control for finite‐time and exponential stabilisation of constrained‐input mechanical systems: desired conservative‐force compensation and experiments
Authors: Zamora‐Gómez Griselda Ivone , Zavala‐Río Arturo , López‐Araujo Daniela Juanita , Santibánez Víctor
Published: October 2018

Saturating‐proportional‐derivative‐type global continuous control for the finite‐time or (local) exponential stabilisation of mechanical systems with bounded inputs is achieved involving the desired conservative‐force compensation. Far from what one could expect, the proposed controller is not a simple extension of the on‐line compensation case but it rather proves to entail a closed‐loop analysis with a considerably higher degree of complexity. This gives rise to more involved requirements to guarantee its successful performance and implementability. Interesting enough, the proposal even shows that actuators with higher power‐supply capabilities than in the on‐line compensation case are required. Other important analytical limitations are further overcome through the developed algorithm. Experimental tests on a two‐degree‐of‐freedom robotic arm corroborate the efficiency of the proposed scheme.
Properties of eventually positive linear input–output systems
Authors: Sootla Aivar
Published: October 2018

In this study, the author considers systems with trajectories originating in the non‐negative orthant and becoming non‐negative after some finite time transient. These systems are called eventually positive and the results are based on recent theoretical developments in linear algebra. The author considers dynamical systems (i.e. fully observable systems with no inputs), for which they compute forward‐invariant cones and Lyapunov functions. They then extend the notion of eventually positive systems to the input–output system case. The extension is performed in such a manner, that some valuable properties of classical internally positive input–output systems are preserved. For example, their induced norms can be computed using linear programming and the energy functions have non‐negative derivatives. The author illustrates the theoretical results on numerical examples.
Generalised state estimation of Markov jump neural networks based on the Bessel–Legendre inequality
Authors: Shen Hao , Jiao Shiyu , Xia Jianwei , Park Ju H. , Huang Xia
Published: October 2018

In the study, the authors are interested in investigating the stability analysis and state estimation of Markov jump static neural networks subject to time delays by the feat of Bessel–Legendre inequality. A canonical Bessel–Legendre inequality, which converts the limited interval required in traditional Bessel–Legendre inequality to a general interval is employed. Accordingly, compared with the existing results, the restriction is naturally relaxed and the less conservative criterion is presented. The stability analysis is complicated after constructing an enhanced Lyapunov–Krasovskii functional suitable for the canonical Bessel–Legendre inequality. Furthermore, taking account of the information of system mode, the mode‐dependent scheme is applied to the design of a state estimator. Corresponding results to the stability of the estimation error system and the acquisition of the desired observer are presented. In the end, an example, which proves the validity of the method is given.
Dual‐mode power drive for active magnetic bearings
Authors: Chiu Hsin‐Lin , Tsai Nan‐Chyuan
Published: October 2018

A compact‐design hybrid power amplifier for Active Magnetic Bearing (AMB) units, named as Dual Cooperative Drive Circuit (DC2), is designed and verified by intensive experiments. DC2 can operate under dual mode: either Digital Driving Mode (DDM) or Analogue Driving Mode (ADM). By taking advantages of the complementary cooperation between DDM and ADM, the proposed DC2 manifests its superiorities mainly in three aspects. (i) Compared to a traditional 2‐level Pulse‐Width Modulation drive circuit, the improvement degree of reducing the amplitudes of current ripples is up to 62%. (ii) By taking advantages of mutually complementary cooperation between DDM and ADM, the steady‐state errors of output current, which is exerted to the coils of AMBs, can be much reduced by DC2. (iii) DC2 can provide high current slew rate so that the response of AMBs is pretty fast and quick enough to regulate the high‐speed rotor back to the neutral position within a very short time period below 0.40 ms. In addition, the proposed DC2 is particularly suitable to be complied with digital controllers and Digital Signal Processors since the commands or drive sequences are all in Direct Current manner.