bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Assessing Patient Safety Culture: Insights from a Neurological Institute
Authors: Hajji Hekma , Bokri Emna , Baffoun Nader , Hasni Nesrine , Kaddour Chokri
Published: October 2024

Introduction-Aim: Assessment of patient safety culture is important for enhancing hospital service quality and clinical outcomes. This study aimed to evaluate the safety of patient culture among health professionals in a neurological institute, in order to identify areas of improvement. The second objective of our study was to determine the influence of the sociodemographic data of the participants on the awareness of patient safety.
Methods: A cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted among healthcare workers exercising at a neurological institution using a validated Hospital Survey of Patient Safety Culture questionnaire containing ten safety care dimensions.
Results A total of 123 responses to the questionnaire were analyzed, accounting for 34.5% of the total (Cronbach’s alpha=0.677). Among the participants, 61.8% considered the level of awareness regarding patient safety to be acceptable. The dimensions considered as strengths were “Organizational learning and continuous improvement” with the highest positive response (60.3%) “Relationship patient-staff member” (58.9%) and “Teamwork within units” (58.9%). However, the dimensions considered as weaknesses were “Management support for patient safety” with 28.5% of positive responses and “Communication openness and non-punitive response to error” (40%).
Conclusion: Patient safety culture among healthcare professionals is at an average with “Organizational learning and continuous improvement” being a positive aspect. However, improvements should be made in all dimensions to enhance and promote patient safety within the institution
Agreement of cardiac index measurements between ultrasonic cardiac output monitor and transthoracic echocardiography in neonates
Authors: Menif Khaled , Ayari Ahmed , Louati Assaad , Ibn Haj Hassine Shatila , Bouziri Asma , Borgi Aida
Published: October 2024

Objectives : To evaluate the agreement of  cardiac index (CI) calculated by Ultrasonic sonic cardiac output monitor (USCOM) and  transthoracic thoracic echocardiography (TTE) in order to know if we can recommend USCOM in our pediatric intensive care unit (PICU).
Design : Prospective observational evaluative study carried out over a period of 3 months
Setting: PICU at children's hospital in Tunis
Participants: All newborns without tracheostomy or a known congenital heart disease, admitted to the PICU during the study period were enrolled.
Interventions: Paired and consecutive measurements of CI were obtained in all patients with both technologies. All measurements by TTE and USCOM were performed by two distinct operators. It is the average of three successive measures of the CI, in the same patient, with each technology, which was considered.
Agreement of CI between the 2  techniques was assessed by Bland-Altman analysis and percentage error.
Measurements and Main Results : Forty-two infants  were analyzed with the mean (standard deviation) gestation 36 weeks ( 5 days), age 1 days (1.09) , and weight 2.9 kg (0.87). Respiratory  failure was the main cause of admission 75%. At the time of the study, 33 (75.%) patients were ventilated artificially. Bias (mean difference) of the CI between the two methods was 1.2 l/min/m2 and precision (± 2 SD of differences) was 1.08 l/min/m2.
The MPE of CI measurement for USCOM vs TTE was 54.9%.
Conclusions : The USCOM showed a poor agreement to TTE measures of CI. The two methods cannot be considered interchangeable.
Prevalence and Risk Factors of Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia Among Very Premature Infants in a Tunisian Neonatal Intensive Care Unit
Authors: Benali Mouadh , Ben Hamida Nourzed , Jaouhari Salsabil , Ayadi Imen , Ben Hamida Emira
Published: October 2024

Introduction: Bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) stands as the primary chronic respiratory
complication in premature infants, posing a substantial public health concern due to its rising
prevalence, potential mortality, and socioeconomic burden.
Aim: The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of BPD in very preterm infants and identify its associated risk factors.
Methods: We conducted a retrospective, descriptive, and analytical study including all
premature infants born between 26 and 31 weeks of gestation age (GA) who survived beyond
the 28th day of life, over a five-year period (2017-2021). Patients were divided into two
groups based on the presence or absence of BPD, which was defined by the need for oxygen
supplementation for at least 28 days.
Results: we included 231 newborns. The prevalence of BPD was 37.7% among survivors on
the 28th day of life and 36.7% among those reaching 36 weeks postmenstrual age. BPD was
mild, moderate and severe in 25.2%, 4.9% and 6.6% of cases, respectively. Multivariate
analysis identified maternal hypertensive disorders (RR=6.15, 95%CI=[2.27-16.67],
p<0.001), chorioamnionitis (RR=4.23, 95%CI=[1.25 -14.27], p=0.02), intrauterine growth
restriction (IUGR) (RR =20.4, 95%CI=[3.39 -122.66], p=0.001), GA less than 30 weeks (RR=26.97, 95%CI=[10.23 -71.14], p<0.001), and mechanical ventilation (MV) (RR=5.33,
95%CI=[1.95-14.54], p=0.001) as independent factors associated with BPD occurrence. The
mortality rate was 10.3% among patients with BPD versus 0.7% in patients without BPD (p = 0.001).
Conclusion: Our study revealed a high prevalence of BPD in very preterm infants and
identified several independent risk factors such as maternal ...(abstract truncated at 250 words).
A Unique Tongue Presentation Revealing a Bronchobiliary Fistula
Authors: Zegmout Adil , Zemmez Youssef , Asri Hanane , Souhi Hicham , El Ouazzani Hanane , Rhorfi Ismail Abderrahmane
Published: October 2024

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TRANSFORMING ARCHITECTURE IN THE POST-DIGITAL ERA: LEVERAGING ACTOR NETWORK THEORY AND SPATIAL AGENCY FOR INTERACTIVE SPACES
Authors:   Institute of Architecture and Earth Sciences, Housing and Environment Laboratory, Ferhat Abbas University, Setif, Algeria, Bakour Fatah
Published: October 2024

The rapid advancement of cutting-edge technologies, such as virtual and augmented reality, is significantly influencing the transformation of the built environment. It has evolved from a static backdrop of activities to an active participant, creating an interactive space that responds to user actions spatial components and environmental data. This transformation has led to the emergence of a socio-technical network where all elements contribute to the interactive environment. Key to this evolution is the spatial agency as a reactive approach that revolutionizes the conceptualization of the built environment. By fostering innovation and improving the quality of relationships between human and non-human elements within dynamic socio-technical networks, this approach has garnered attention in recent studies aiming to redefine interactive spaces through the agency concept. In particular, Actor-network theory (ANT) has been adopted as a methodological and ontological tool to address this paradigm shift. However, there remains a lack of comprehensive representation and practical application of (ANT) in addressing the complexity of spatial agency within the design process of interactive spaces. To bridge this gap, this study explores the potential of (ANT) in illuminating the spatial agency process within interactive spaces, with a particular emphasis on the agency of technological objects. Through an examination of the “Spatially Intelligent Arts Center”, this research utilizes ANT's translation process via the Mapping Controversies technique to visually represent and analyze the agency of technological objects. The study's findings underscore the significant role of ANT's translation process in highlighting the agency of technological objects, including sensory interactions, augmented reality applications, memory lane and interactive projections, all of which enable continuous system development and real-time assessment. This exploration provides architects with a framework to analyze and steer the design of culturally intelligent spaces through the lens of the spatial agency approach.
INVESTIGATING THE URBAN MORPHOLOGY OF SH. ISA STREET DESIGN: A QUALITATIVE STUDY TO DEMONSTRATE STREETSCAPE AND HERITAGE PERCEPTION
Authors:   1Department of Interior Design, College of Design, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia, Eldardiry Dalia Husain
Published: October 2024

This paper investigates the role of streetscape in enhancing users' sense of urban heritage in cities. Moreover, it is a leading player in improving tourism and trade, which drives the city's economy. Muharraq is located in northern-east Bahrain. The heritage areas of Muharraq have been well known for their culture, heritage and trade since globalization. Muharraq's urban morphology dramatically changed, distorting its historical core despite early modern planning's meticulous consideration of social coherence and historical significance. Unfortunately, in most projects of heritage areas of Muharraq, streets lack appropriate designs that accurately highlight the sense of heritage and the vital commercial activities and users' needs in heritage zones. Therefore, a comprehensive streetscape design concept that reflects the local heritage of Muharraq is needed more. Sheikh Isa Street is one of the main streets inside the heritage areas of Muharraq and was selected as a pilot study to examine the hypnosis that the appropriate streetscape will positively impact and enhance the visual seen and consequently improve the users' sense in heritage areas of Muharraq. This study aims to comprehend the essential urban design, streetscape elements and heritage preservation that are primary to achieve a sense of heritage that simultaneously respects the heritage of the street and emphasizes the importance of improving the heritage ambiance and that meets BACA and local municipality goals. In order to achieve the objective of the study, a mixed methodology was adopted to comprehend the research problem better. The qualitative method includes in-depth interviews, observations and site visits and the quantitative method includes using the QGS software. The findings show that the street needs better urban imageability, which has negatively impacted the sense of heritage, which is lost.
INVESTIGATING ‘COLLAGE’ AS A TOOL FOR CRITICAL THINKING IN THE CONCEPT DEVELOPMENT PROCESS OF INTERIOR ARCHITECTURE
Authors:   School of Design, Anant National University, India, Pradhan Kavita
Published: October 2024

In the Interior Architecture Design Studio, students often struggle with thinking and decision-making affecting the quality of their design outcomes. This compels the quest of understanding ‘collage’ as a tool for critical thinking, during conceptualising in the design process. There is limited literature related to this connection and a gap is felt in comparing the ‘collaging’ with the ‘critical thinking skills’. This research investigates ‘collage’ by reviewing the literature to understand its connection with architecture. Architect Tatiana Bilbao’s case studies, who uses collages over renderings provide a new perspective towards collaging. A study conducted at the 3rd year Interior Architecture Design Studio at a University in Ahmedabad, India, investigates collage’s effectiveness in decision-making when students use collage. The study is limited to collaging and model-making and does not explore other tools. It establishes collage’s effectiveness by contributing an approach that focuses on critical thinking for decision-making to achieve better quality designs in architecture and interior academia and practice.
EVALUATING POPULATION REDISTRIBUTION IN EGYPT: INSIGHTS FROM RESIDENT AND NON-RESIDENT PERSPECTIVES ON NEW URBAN COMMUNITIES
Authors:   Faculty of Architecture, German International University, Cairo, Egypt, Khaled Kadry Mohamed
Published: October 2024

Purpose: Egypt has developed 44 New Urban Communities (NUCs) over the past 40 years to redistribute the population away from Cairo and the Nile Valley. However, many have not met their targets, with an average occupancy rate of 31%. Previous studies have questioned the effectiveness of NUCs and presented recommendations based on case studies and historical data analysis, with little emphasis on the opinions of direct stakeholders. Thus, this research aims to present evidence from the perspectives of residents and non-residents to assess the NUCs' ability to redistribute the population effectively. Design / Methodology: The study assessed the effectiveness of NUCs in distributing Egypt's population based on three variables: Livability, independent economic development and attraction and satisfaction. A questionnaire was designed to collect 633 valid responses from NUCs’ residents and non-residents. Findings: The results showed that NUCs must improve their Livability by lowering living costs, making house prices more affordable and improving maintenance and public transportation. NUCs must expand their economic base by creating more job opportunities, offering necessities and providing more housing units. Moreover, NUCs attract and satisfy people moderately and are less effective in alleviating overcrowding in major Egyptian cities. Originality/Value: The study adds a participatory dimension to the literature using quantitative evidence from residents and non-residents. This helps to fill the strategic gap in developing new areas, as different parties usually have distinctive preferences. Practical Implications: Policy recommendations for urban development and population redistribution in Egypt should, for example, prioritize citizens' needs, consider the quality of urban life in the design phase, revise income categories, develop economic growth policies, prioritize cities' independence and improve Livability in NUCs.
Epic Stories in Dramatic Works
Authors: Taubayevich Koblanov Zholaman , Elepovna Baltogaeva Zhaili , Tugelbayevna Zhetkizgenova Aliya , Abdimukhanovna Karymsakova Baktygul , Daribaevich Daribaev Samalbay , Kozibayevna Dalmukhanova Feruza
Published: October 2024

Karakalpak drama on the way of its historical development absorbed the most advanced and exemplary traditions of the great wealth of this people and uses them to this day. The article discusses the features of some Karakalpak dramatic works. At the same time, the article pays great attention to the influence of the literature of the Kazakh people with a close historical fate on the Karakalpak dramaturgy. For example, the dramatic works of Beyimbet Mailin, Zhumat Shanin, Mukhtar Auezov, the search for the disclosure of the secrets of man and time in them, artistic techniques that had a positive impact on Karakalpak playwrights, are narrated on the basis of specific analyses. The methodological basis of the work is the principle of historicism, which contributes to the objective study and evaluation of literary phenomena in the process of evolutionary development. The scientific article uses a traditional set of analysis methods: typological, systemic, comparative.
Investigating Campus Names as an Indispensable Component for University Heritage Conservation and Restoration: A Case Study in China
Authors: He Xubo , Ismail Nor Atiah , Ismail Sumarni , Ariffin Noor Fazamimah Mohd , Yang Yang
Published: October 2024

Campus names usually carry cultural significance, delivering heritage messages and values as well as basic components of intangible property. One common dilemma regarding university heritage conservation and restoration in the world is arbitrary renaming. This paper aims to justify the inseparable connection between South China Agricultural University (SCAU), South China University of Technology (SCUT), and Sun Yat-sen and develop solutions to their conservation and restoration, taking the Shipai Campus of National Sun Yat-sen University (NSYSU) as a study case. The study concluded that the Shipai campus is the epitome of Sun’s education and it deserves Sun’s name the most. This paper also raised heritage conservation and restoration solutions for SCAU and SCUT, namely identifying the truth and safeguarding historical sustainability by restoring and utilizing the original campus names. In addition, the study proposed to formulate laws for renaming all universities in the future that necessitate deliberate evaluation and approval by heritage experts before taking action. The NSYSU campus serves as a representative case, illustrating the role of campus names as significant cultural property. It highlights the importance of safeguarding campus names. These names must be carefully protected, and arbitrary changes should be avoided to preserve their historical and cultural significance.
PREVALENCE OF SARS-CoV-2 IgG/IgM ANTIBODIES AMONG PATIENTS IN THE TETOVO REGION, NORTH MACEDONIA
Authors: REÇI Mije , MEMETI Beslinda , FERATI Ismail , F MEMISHI Sheval
Published: October 2024

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has led to a Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has led to a global pandemic, including North Macedonia. However, there are only limited data regarding the precise prevalence of the COVID-19 pandemic in North Macedonia. Here, to estimate the magnitude of SARS-CoV-2 infection in Tetovo region, North Macedonia, we investigated the prevalence of immunoglobulins G (IgG and IgM) antibodies. The detection of IgM and IgG immunoglobulins was performed through the Ichroma II serological test, in the Laor laboratory in Tetovo. We enrolled 1582 individuals from June to December 2020 and January to June 2021 observed that the subjects' overall prevalence of IgG antibodies to SARS-CoV-2, for the female gender, it was 661 cases (42%), while for the male gender there were 921 immunized cases (58%). The highest prevalence among age groups was in the 20-40-year-olds, during 2020 (313 immunized persons), while during 2021, the age group 40-60 years had the highest prevalence (383 immunized persons), and the lowest prevalence was in the age group 0-20 years, for both years. Also, the younger population has shown less susceptibility to the disease. In conclusion, the COVID-19 outbreak among asymptomatic populations was characterized by a high prevalence of infection in Tetovo region.
ETHNOBOTANY OF LOCAL PEOPLE IN GLLOBOÇICA (REPUBLIC OF KOSOVO)
Authors: REXHEPI Besnik , LUMA Qëndresa , BAJRAMI Ani , HAZIRI Agim
Published: October 2024

During the last decades, the traditional botanical knowledge (TBK) in the Sharr Mountains has been the focus of a relatively small number of researchers. However, this effort has resulted in the documentation of the interactions of local people with their natural resources. Although, in certain areas, TBK remains untouched. Therefore, in this paper, we focused on pointing out the relations of the local inhabitants of Glloboçicë (Republic of Kosovo) with their local flora. Semi-structured interviews were conducted in January-February 2023 with 13 Albanian residents with empirical knowledge (9 women; and 4 men) and aged over 45 years. During this period, information was gathered on more than 53 plant species belonging to 26 families that are used in traditional medicine. The most representative families were (Rosaceae, Lamiaceae, and Asteraceae). To the cultural reality and local biodiversity, the form of decoction (hot aqueous extract) dominates as a method of preparation. Additionally, modernization, migration of residents, and outage of the vertical transmission of traditional knowledge are considered key factors contributing to the loss of biocultural knowledge.
THE EFFECT OF THE ANTIBIOTIC GENTAMICIN ON THE STAGES OF ONTOGENESIS IN CHICKEN EGGS
Authors: BEADINI Albulena , BEADINI Sheqibe , BEADINI Nexhbedin , LOKAJ Blandi , DOBRA Festina , KASTRATI Greta , ADEMI Ardit , DUSHAJ Adriana
Published: October 2024

Introduction: Various studies have shown that the effects of the action of drugs, in addition to having positive effects, they can also provoke negative effects in different organs of the body, where by giving more doses in some cases it can exceed the therapeutic limit and become toxic and produce pathological effects in both experimental animals and humans. Uncontrolled use and drug overdose can lead to macroscopic histopathological changes and give teratogenic, mutagenic and carcinogenic effects. Purpose of the paper: This paper aims to study the effects of some drugs at different stages of embryonic development in chicken eggs. The research of this paper will consist of the toxic effect of drugs and macroscopic and microscopic histopathological changes in certain stages of embryonic development of chicken eggs. Material and method: In the study, fertilized chicken eggs were taken and incubated in the incubator for 21 days of incubation. The eggs were treated with the antibiotic gentamicin at certain stages of embryonic development. The eggs hatched on day thirteen, day fifteen, eighteen and day twentyone. Using the stereomicroscope with the macroscopic and microscopic method were analyzed ontogenetic changes in certain stages of embryonic development. Results: The given dose of the antibiotic gentamicin can have negative effects in certain stages of embryonic development in chicken eggs. The dose given in ampullary form in certain quantities to chicken eggs has inhibited and stagnated the processes of embryonic development at different stages compared to control eggs. Conclusion: The given dose of gentamicin can stagnate embryonic development in certain stages and can provoke changes in certain stages of embryonic development. This phenomenon encourages us to do even more detailed research in this direction to see the effect of the given dose and to analyze what consequences it can provoke overdoses at different stages of embryonic development and within the organism. The lethal dose applied at certain stages of ontogenesis may have lethal consequences for the chick embryo at certain stages of embryonic development.
BENEFITS OF TEAS AND PROBIOTIC PROFILE AT SPECIFIC STAGES OF EMBRYONIC DEVELOPMEN IN CHICKEN EGGS
Authors: BEADINI Sheqibe , BEADINI Nexhbedin , BEGOLLI Altin , ARSLLANI Aleina
Published: October 2024

Introduction: The Sharr Mountain is characterized by a highly expressed biological diversity, with a particular endemism and a wide spectrum of various types of flora characteristic of this mountainous massif. Plants with nutritional and health benefits can be considered species such as: mountain tea (Sideritis scardica) and St. John's wort (Hypericum perforatum), etc. These bioproducts are characterized by special importance both in terms of their presence, quality, and health benefits. Therefore, exploration of these species would have positive cost for consumption as forms of teas or plant extracts for commercial purposes, but also for health benefits and above all for the population of the country, the region, and beyond. Research Objective: This study aims to investigate the probiotics and the effect of plant extract teas such as mountain tea (Sideritis scardica) and St. John's wort (Hypericum perforatum) by applying a specific dose of extract to chicken embryos at different stages of ontogenesis. Materials and Methods: Fertilized chicken eggs were taken for the study and were incubated in an incubator for 21 days. The eggs were treated with species such as mountain tea (Sideritis scardica) and St. John's wort (Hypericum perforatum) at certain stages of embryonic development. The eggs were opened on the seventh, fourteenth, and twenty-first day. Macroscopic and microscopic changes at certain stages of embryonic development were analyzed using stereomicroscope.The effect of the extract of these teas was studied on the chicken embryos (Gallus domesticus), by applying a specific dose of extract to the chicken embryos at different stages of embryonic development during ontogenesis. Research Results: The dose given in the form of extract has resulted in positive benefits of these teas as effective probiotics during certain stages of embryonic development in chicken embryos. Conclusions: This research will explore the effect of the given dose of plant extracts at certain stages of embryonic development during ontogenesis to observe the benefits of dose administration at specific quantities and times to detect the positive effect of these teas.
INFLUENCE OF DEPOSITION CONDITIONS DURING PRECIPITATION OF NH4VO3 WITH DIETHYL SULPHATE
Authors: SAMET Aksu , ABDIJA Zulxhevat
Published: October 2024

The vanadium(V) oxide xerogels are synthesized by chemical bath deposition using aqueous solutions of NH4VO3 and diethyl sulfate. XRD and IR have been used for the characterization of the composition of the prepared precipitates. The concentration, temperature, and precipitation speed influence were analyzed. A large number of experiments have been made with the powders obtained at different ammonium metavanadate concentrations solutions, with the same volume of diethyl sulfate, at two working temperatures, 80 and 90 °C. The obtained results showed that at higher concentrations of ammonium metavanadate, as well as at higher temperatures, faster precipitation occurs. According to XRD and IR results synthesized precipitates are pure V2O5 xerogels, but at higher concentrations of the solutions, the second phase is obtained. Also, the influence of ethyl alcohol on the composition and time of precipitation of the synthesized precipitates was investigated in the metavanadate system with different concentrations of ammonium metavanadate and diethyl sulfate. It was found that the presence of alcohol in the chemical bath does not affect the composition of the xerogel at higher concentrations, but it influences the speed of the precipitation. The results of precipitates prepared at lower concentrations with ethanol showed the presence of a second phase in the composition, which cannot be seen in the composition of the sample prepared without ethanol at the same concentration of ammonium metavanadate.
GRANULOMETRIC OPTIMIZATION AND SOLVENT CONCENTRATION FOR THE EXTRACTION OF THE PHARMACEUTICAL RAW MATERIAL ECHINACEA PURPUREA
Authors: LATIFI Mahi , LATIFI Ejup , ALITI Raman , KUCHI Jeton , LATIFI Petrit
Published: October 2024

The amount of the extract and the extraction of the main substances of the raw material Echinacea, is closely related to the degree of refining of the raw material as well as concentration of the solvent used for extraction. The optimal size of granules of the raw material first influences the extraction coefficient as well as in the development of the maceration and filtration process, this is because this raw material has a high extraction capacity, which is also accompanied by impurities of the extract after the maceration process, which complicates the filtration process. In order not to have this feature of the plant's raw material and make it possible to have a linear extraction, the raw material must have an optimal size of refining. The concentration of the solvent is also the main factor in the course of the maceration process and the increase of the extraction coefficient. For low concentrations of the solvent, a proper process of maceration, the high concentration of the solvent also causes the withdrawal of undesirable substances during maceration, and at the same time elimination of a quantity of main substances of the raw material Echinacea purpurea. Therefore, it is required an adequate concentration for maceration to be carried out without any difficulty and also not compromise the elimination of the main constituent substances, and on the other hand not to extract unwanted substances such as sugars and chlorophyll, which make the extract impure and complicate the technological process for obtaining the extract. It is required to choose a level of concentration of the solvent which creates good extraction capacities during maceration and during filtration, too. The solvent must have an optimal density to withdraw the filtered solution.
DIVERSITY OF BENTHIC MACROMOLLUSCAN COMMUNITIES ON THE ROCKY SHORES OF TRIPORTI, VLORE, ALBANIA
Authors: SAÇAJ Kerol , NASTO Ina , SOTA Denada
Published: October 2024

Over recent decades, numerous experiments have consistently demonstrated that species richness significantly influences ecosystem multifunctionality. These variations within ecosystems arise from natural progressions, as well as from human and natural events. Our study focuses on analyzing both the composition and quantitative characteristics of benthic macroinvertebrate populations along the rocky shores of Triport in Vlora, aiming to assess their ecological conditions. Our case study involves three observation sites on the rocky shores of Triport in Vlora, where we examine macroinvertebrates. A key objective of our research was to investigate seasonal variations in population traits across different zones, conducting fieldwork during the spring and summer of 2018 (June and August). We calculated both the total and average densities for each species at each site and during each sampling period. Another critical goal was to evaluate species composition and population quantity traits, comparing these across different seasons and sites, as well as within each site. We also performed statistical analyses to explore changes in species composition and population density and their interrelationships across different seasons and sites. The study identified 67 taxa of benthic macroinvertebrates, predominantly gastropods. Our research highlighted the presence of an intriguing and relatively underexplored group, the Macrozoobenthos, within the study areas. This group's significance is tightly linked to the structure and function of the coastal ecosystem, indicated by the dominance of invertebrate species within the benthic community. Many species within this group serve as indicators of the marine ecosystem's health. In conclusion, the sparse density and unstable nature of the macrozoobenthic community are strong indicators of the poor ecological conditions and environmental stresses affecting the study areas. Factors significantly influencing the characteristics of the macrozoobenthic population include algal cover, the diversity of microhabitats along the shores, and the degree of exposure to wave action.
MICROBIOLOGICAL AND PHYSIC-CHEMICAL ASSESSMENT OF THE SEA WATER IN ZVËRNECI COAST, VLORË, ALBANIA
Authors: KIÇAJ Hajdar , BAKAJ Aurora , ISMAILAJ Mariola , ARAPAJ Xhuljana , MALAJ Megi , TAFILI Juna
Published: October 2024

The development of coastal truism in Albania during the last decade has had a huge impact on the seawater quality. As a result, it is shown that the recreative water quality is affected sometimes by the presence of different types of microorganisms, some of them potential pathogens for humans. This study has the main focus on the assessment of the seawater in the bathing site of Zvërnec Beach in Vlore Albania. The examination of the seawater is based on the evaluation of the microbiological indicators such as total coliforms and E coli and also the physical-chemical parameters like pH, temperature, conductivity, DO, and salinity. The study was conducted over eight months from June 2022 to January 2023. The samples were collected in six different sites and have been analyzed for both microbial and physic-chemical parameters. The method for the fecal bacteria assessment is the standard technique of MPN. The results show that one station has large values of bacterial pollution, and there is a correlation between fecal contamination and temperature. Every station displays seasonal differences, during summer there is a higher contamination, compared with winter. Therefore, seawater monitoring of microbiological elements must be performed continuously in all the coastal areas of Vlora City.
MARRIAGES AND DIVORCES ACCORDING TO AGE IN NORTH MACEDONIA (2010, 2015, 2020, 2022)
Authors: IBISHI Arlinda , HAMITI Resul , MUSTAFI Meribe , RUSHITI Mireme
Published: October 2024

The subject of this paper is marriages and divorces according to age in the Republic of North Macedonia. The main goal is to analyze these components throughout the years 2010, 2015, 2020, and 2022, to see mainly the age of marriage of couples and also the age which marks a higher number of divorces. Marriage is the legal union of a woman and a man, in spouses, family, and society, and as such it represents a very important demographic process for society, which, in case of dysfunction leads to divorce as another social process. A divorce is a civil act that separates spouses from their marriage, usually involving the annulment or reorganization of the legal duties and responsibilities of marriage. The methods used in this paper are: descriptive, analytical, statistical, graphic, and cartographic, where the data obtained from the state statistics agency of North Macedonia are analyzed. Based on these parameters, we note that the age of entry into marriage is mainly from 25 to 29 years, while the age most affected by divorces is from 40 to 49 years according to age groups. The number of marriages in the age group up to 20 years is higher in the female gender compared to the male one, while the opposite happens in the age group over 55 years. This result is also presented to us in divorces. From the analysis we can conclude that young people enter into marriage at a later age, mainly 25-29 years old, we also see a high number of divorces, therefore we recommend that young people be provided with the basic conditions for life, work and safety and to be stimulated to continue their growth in the family.
DYNAMICS AND CAPACITIES OF EDUCATIONAL FACILITIES IN POLOG REGION
Authors: JONUZI Xhejda , MUSTAFI Meribe , IBRAIMI Rukije , AMITI Fatmire
Published: October 2024

The dynamics of educational institutions in the Polog region in recent years have seen efforts to improve educational infrastructure by investing in new schools and providing more education opportunities. At the same time, there have been challenges affecting the dynamics of education, such as a lack of resources and infrastructure, high unemployment rates, and a decrease in the number of students. However, efforts to improve this situation continue, including enhancing the quality of education and increasing opportunities for skill development and professional growth. The capacities of educational institutions in the Polog region depend on the number of schools, universities, and other educational institutions in this area. These capacities include classrooms, laboratories, libraries, and other necessary infrastructure. Education in the Polog region is one of the main components of its development. Considering that Polog is located in North Macedonia, North Macedonia, and the Polog region have a developed education system, offering primary, secondary, and higher education schools. In the Polog region, there are a total of 9 municipalities: Municipality Bogovinje, Municipality of Brvenica, Municipality Želino, Municipality of Vrapčište, Municipality Jegunovce, Municipality of Gostivar, Municipality of Mavrovo and Rostuša, Municipality Tearce, and Municipality of Tetovo. In the Polog region, we have 147 primary schools,17 secondary schools, and a total of 1066 graduated students, while in North Macedonia we have a total of 976 primary schools, 129 secondary schools, and a total of 6926 graduated students.
COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF SOAP AND REST APIs: SYSTEMATIC REVIEW AND PERFORMANCE EVALUATION WITH PYTHON
Authors: BAJRAMI Enes , MEMETI Agon , IDRIZI Florim , MEMETI Ermira
Published: October 2024

In this paper, further information regarding two of the most popular web service architectures, which are Representational State Transfer (REST) and Simple Object Access Protocol (SOAP), is presented. For this, we adopted the PRISMA strategy which helped in identifying studies relevant to the chosen questions. In order to conduct the analysis of REST and SOAP, we formulated three such questions. After applying the other inclusion criteria and completion of scoring with the use of PRISMA flow chart, twelve studies were identified which met the inclusion criteria. In the process of analysis and interpretation of the selected literature, we examined many aspects of REST and SOAP relative to their performance, scalability and interoperability. Therefore, it should be understood that the goal of this particular work will be to help further this particular discussion on how likely such web service technologies will prove to be in practice. We also performed a local experiment comparing the SOAP and REST APIs in terms of performance, and thus providing additional experimental data about these technologies concerning response time and system behavior under controlled conditions.
ON THE DYNAMIC OF HENON MAP. HOW TO CONTROL IT!
Authors: SALIHI Ylldrita , RASIMI Krutan
Published: October 2024

Most of the dynamics displayed by highly complicated nonlinear systems also appear in simple nonlinear systems. The purpose of the two-dimensional map with a strange attractor was for it to be a simple mapping that possesses similar properties to the Lorenz system and its Poincare map. Henon map is investigated, periodic points are found, and chaotic attractors are produced. In this paper, we will demonstrate an orbit of the Henon map with 10000 points, which vary on the initial conditions of the orbit and the values of the two parameters of the system. Known that the chaotic attractors in the Henon map are neither area filling (dimension 2) nor a simple curve (of dimension 1), the dimensions of these complicated geometries must be non-integer values between 1 and 2, and the chaotic attractors are then called fractals or strange attractors. Thee capacity or box-counting dimension dbox is the simplest possible way to measure such pathologies. We use The OGY (Ott, Grebogi, and Yorke) Method with the idea to make small time-dependent linear perturbations to the control parameter p in order to nudge the state towards the stable manifold of the desired fixed point. Acting on 500 equally spaced initial points (x0,y0) on a circle or a square, represent an numerical experiment which may give us some hints about why Jupiter's red spot and Saturn's hexagon-shaped hurricane seem to exist forever without contracting.
ANALYSIS OF THE SECOND-YEAR PHYSICS TEXTBOOK: SECTION ELECTROSTATICS AND DIRECT CURRENT
Authors: AJREDINI Fadil , ZAJKOV Oliver
Published: October 2024

The physics textbook for the second-year high school education was published in 2001. In the last 23 years, many things have changed in society and the world, starting from the geopolitical situation and technology, all the way to the needs of society. This research tries to determine how much the textbook manages to respond to the new needs in society. For this purpose, the part of the textbook that refers to electrostatics and direct current is analyzed. Physics has not been changed during these two decades and the content covered by the textbook corresponds to the needs and the curriculum. However, it is concluded that in the part of the methodical approach, the textbook is outdated, and many adjustments are needed to adapt to changes in society.
ANALYSIS OF MEAN GLANDULAR DOSE IN ONE DIGITAL MAMMOGRAPHY UNIT IN NORTH MACEDONIA
Authors: MEDIJI ARIFI Mirjeta , RISTOVA Mimoza , GERSHAN Vesna
Published: October 2024

Mean glandular dose (MGD) represents a metric for quantifying the absorbed X-ray radiation by the breast glandular tissue during mammography procedures. The average glandular tissue dose is evaluated from the mean dose divided by the glandular tissue volume. Optimization in digital mammography ensures that the patients receive the lowest radiation dose feasible without deteriorating the diagnostic image quality. Despite the significance of this optimization, up to our knowledge, no studies have yet assessed the actual MGD of the Fuji Amulet S mammography system. This study aims to estimate incident kerma for the Fuji Amulet S mammography system. The study aims at developing effective methods for reducing MGD without sacrificing digital image quality. The study presents findings from 400 patients undergoing mammography, a total number of 1600 mammograms at a North Macedonian facility, utilizing dose monitoring software (DOSE, QAELUM), both image data and survey responses were collected. Median MGD, along with minimum and maximum values, were evaluated to be 1.73 mGy, 0.77 mGy, and 7.01 mGy, respectively. For the breast thickness range between 45 mm and 65 mm, the 25th and 75th percentiles for median MGD were evaluated to be 1.44 mGy and 2.04 mGy. These results suggest that the MGD values (in mGy) are somewhat lower than those outlined in European guidelines.
MODERNISATION DE L’ADMINISTRATION PUBLIQUE DE LA RD CONGO : DEFIS ET PERSPECTIVES
Authors:   Assistant au Centre de Recherche en Sciences Humaines (CRESH)/Kinshasa-RDC, KATEMA Flory BWATUKA
Published: October 2024

Les défis et perspectives pour la modernisation de l’administration publique congolaise se résument dans les fonctions auxquelles cette dernière est appelée à remplir dans la société, la contribution qu’elle apporte au fonctionnement du système social/la fonction de l’Administration (fonction administrative) est de nature spécifique, on le retrouverait dans toutes les sociétés politiques. Cette étude évalue les acquis des politiques des réformes et identifie les défis et perspectives pouvant permettre à la modernisation de l’appareil administratif congolais. Mots-clés : modernisation, administration publique, RD Congo.
К ВОПРОСУ О СОХРАНЕНИИ И РАЗВИТИИ ЯЗЫКОВ НАРОДОВ РОССИИ: ПОСТАНОВКА ПРОБЛЕМЫ
Authors: Мамалова Х.Э. , Межидова К.Р.
Published: October 2024

Статья посвящена чрезвычайно актуальной в настоящее время проблеме сохранности языков народов России. В соответствии с классификацией ЮНЕСКО естественные языки распределяются в 6 категорий в зависимости от степени их сохранности. Языки I категории имеют статус «языков, находящихся в безопасности» (safe), и им не грозит исчезновение. Языки II («уязвимые языки»), III («языки под угрозой исчезновения»), IV («языки под серьезной угрозой исчезновения») и V («языки на грани вымирания») категорий, различаются по степени угроз для их существования. Языки, попавшие в VI категорию, являются вымершими языками. В Российской Федерации все языки народов России находятся в опасности. Власти и общественность национальных республик при поддержке федерального центра принимают различные меры, чтобы переломить такую критическую ситуацию и спасти языки народов России от исчезновения. В настоящей статье дан краткий обзор наиболее оригинальных мероприятий и уникальных проектов в ряде национальных республик, направленных на сохранение и развитие родных языков. Обозначены их достоинства и недостатки. Автор статьи констатирует, что для сохранения языков народов России необходимы более радикальные и системные меры. Предложен список таких мероприятий. Статья является дискуссионной и направлена на привлечение внимания общественности и государства к основательному решению проблемы поставленной в статье проблемы.
ТЕНДЕНЦИИ РАЗВИТИЯ ПРЕДУДАРНОГО ВОКАЛИЗМА ПОСЛЕ МЯГКИХ СОГЛАСНЫХ В СОВРЕМЕННОЙ РУССКОЙ РЕЧИ (НА ПРИМЕРЕ АУДИОЗАПИСЕЙ СКАЗКИ «ТЕРЕМОК»)
Authors: Баяндина М.А. , Харламова М.А.
Published: October 2024

Статья посвящена исследованию реализации основных тенденций фонологического развития современного русского языка. На материале анализа расшифровок аудиозаписи сказки «Теремок» (40 респондентов) выявлена объективация основных тенденций исторического развития предударного вокализма после мягких согласных в современной русской речи. Тенденция к неразличению безударных гласных /i/, /e/, /а/ и совпадение их в одном оттенке [i], т. е. развитие общерусской тенденции – иканье – является нормой как для условно выделенной группы информантов «молодёжь», так и для группы «взрослые». В работе выявлены особенности в развитии общерусской тенденции в конкретных словах и дана лингвистическая и экстралингвистическая интерпретация. Использование компьютерной программы при расшифровке аудиотекстов верифицировало аудиоанализ авторов статьи и основные выводы по результатам исследования.

The article is devoted to the study of the main trends implementation in the phonological development of the modern Russian language. Based on the transcripts analysis of the fairy tale «Teremok» audio recording (40 respondents), the objectification of the main trends in the historical development of pre-stress vocalism after soft consonants in modern Russian speech was revealed. The tendency not to distinguish between unstressed vowels /i/, /e/, /a/ and their coincidence in the same shade [i], i.e. the development of an all-Russian trend – ikanye – is the norm both for the conditionally designated group of informants «youth» and for the group «adults». The work identifies features in the development of the all-Russian trend in specific words and provides linguistic and extralinguistic interpretation. The use of a computer program when transcribing audio texts verified the audio analysis of the authors of the article and the main conclusions from the research results.
РЕЧЬ СОВРЕМЕННОЙ МОЛОДЕЖИ КАК ОТРАЖЕНИЕ АКТУАЛЬНЫХ ПРОБЛЕМ ТЕКСТОВОГО МЫШЛЕНИЯ
Authors: Хлебникова А.С. , Владимирова Н.В. , Домашова Ю.В. , Соломина Н.В.
Published: October 2024

Статья посвящена особенностям и проблемам текстового мышления современной молодежи. Рассматриваются актуальные способы подачи, восприятия и воспроизведения информации в виде текста, в качестве которого может выступать отдельное слово, реализующее свой смысл в зависимости от контекста. Анализируются фрагменты устной и письменной речи, демонстри-рующие средства и способы выражения мыслей. Отдельное внимание уделяется электронному тексту, дающему возможность поиска информации и презентации своего мировидения. Выявляются основные причины замещения целостности мировосприятия дискретностью и утраты контекста, свойственного классическим произведениям литературы. Формулируется вывод о современном текстовом мышлении как высшей ступени реализации речевой деятельности.

Тhis article is devoted to the peculiarities and problems of modern youth textual thinking. Current ways of presenting, perceiving and reproducing information in the form of a text as a separate word surrounded by the context are considered. Fragments of oral and written speech demonstrating the means and ways of expressing thoughts are analyzed. Special attention is paid to the electronic text, which makes it possible to search for information and present your worldview. The main reasons for replacing the integrity of the worldview with discreteness and loss of the context characteristic of classical works of literature are revealed. The conclusion about modern textual thinking as the highest stage of the realization of speech activity is formulated.
«ТРУДОЛЮБИВАЯ ДУША ДОЛЖНА БЫТЬ ЗАНЯТА СВОИМ РЕМЕСЛОМ…»: К 60-ЛЕТИЮ ДМИТРИЯ ВЛАДИМИРОВИЧА ЛАРКОВИЧА
Authors: Галян С.В. , Кашкарева А.П. , Параскева Е.В. , Усанова И.А.
Published: October 2024

В обзоре представлены основные направления научной, методической, педагогической и редакторской деятельности доктора филоло-гических наук, профессора Дмитрия Владимировича Ларковича – крупного учё-ного-литературоведа, авторитетного специалиста в области изучения проблем жанровой динамики, авторологии, синтеза искусств и геопоэтики, главного и бессменного редактора научного журнала «Слово. Текст. Контекст». Обзор при-урочен к шестидесятилетнему юбилею ученого.

The review presents the main directions of scientific, methodologi-cal, pedagogical and editorial persuits of Dmitry Vladimirovich Larkovich, Doctor of Philology, Professor, a major literary scholar, a reputable specialist in the field of studying the problems of genre dynamics, authorology, synthesis of arts, geopoetics, and the chief and permanent editor of the scientific journal “Word. Text. Context”. The review is timed to coincide with the scientist's sixtieth anniversary.