bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Perbaikan Desain Mesin Pencacah Daun Pelawan Untuk Meningkatkan Kemampuan Proses Pencacahan
Authors: Suhdi Suhdi , Damayanti Lutiya , Saparin Saparin
Published: March 2024

The Pelawan leaf chopper machine is an annual product of LPPM Universitas Brawijaya Malang and in collaboration with several universities, one of which is Bangka Belitung University which is focused on the Pelawan forest, Namang village, Central Bangka Regency. The chopping machine used has dimensions of 30 x 30 x 3 mm, and uses a 200-watt electric motor drive with a voltage of 220 V/150 Hz, with Rpm 2800 and 2 blades in the hopper. During the machine testing process, there were still deficiencies in the tool components which caused the results of the chopping to not be chopped properly. Therefore, it is necessary to identify existing problems and make design improvements to the pelawan leaf chopper machine to increase the capability of the chopping process. Identification was carried out on a pelawan leaf chopper machine in the Mechanical Engineering Laboratory at Bangka Belitung University. From the identification it is obtained; Firstly, the number of blades is 2, which causes the chopping process to not be optimal. Second, the distance between the hopper wall gaps is too wide, which affects the level of fineness of the chopped results. For this reason, design improvements were carried out to provide several alternative concepts (sketches) for the number of blades from various constructions on the machine. The alternatives given are 3 concept variants, the first is a 90° tilt propeller concept variant, the second is a 45° tilt screw layout concept variant and the third is a straight concept variant and a 90° tilt layout. In this research, variations of the concept following the assessment criteria and a distance between the blades of 45° enabled maximum results to be obtained.
Penerapan Prinsip Kerja sama Di Dalam Percakapan Antara Iqbaal D Ramadhan Dan Najwa Shihab: Kajian Pragmatik
Authors: Hafifah Siti
Published: March 2024

Currently, there are many discussion broadcast programs discussing exciting and interesting topics both on YouTube and on television. An example of a discussion broadcast program is the Mata Najwa program which is broadcast on television and Youtube. These activities involve participants performing speech acts. Speech acts are individual psychological symptoms in language. A discussion broadcast on YouTube or on television will be watched by the community, and for that participants need to apply the principle of cooperation in communicating. The application of the principle of cooperation in communication will make communication smooth and directed. This study aims to describe the application of the principle of cooperation and its benefits in the discussion between Iqbaal D Ramadhan and Najwa Shihab at the Mata Najwa: One Special Purpose of Independence on August 20, 2020. The research method used is descriptive qualitative with listening technique. The resulting data is in the form of audio which is then transcribed into text. The data analysis stage uses a classification technique into several maxims, after which the data is presented and conclusions are made. The result of this research is to find 9 conversations that apply the cooperative principle and are classified into several maxims, namely the maxim of quantity, maxim of quality, the maxim of relation, and the maxim of manner. And the benefit of applying these maxims in a broadcast is to shorten the time in carrying out conversations and participants try to only say what is true and relevant. This research also discusses things that violate the principle of cooperation, includina g: the existence of implicatures and humor, as well as the influence of cultural and situational factors that can expand the topic of conversation.
THE USE OF MODALITY IN BIDEN’S DNC SPEECH 2020: AN INTERPERSONAL METAFUNCTION ANALYSIS
Authors: Sirait Lysbeth
Published: March 2024

This study is aimed to describe and analyze the interpersonal meaning of Biden’s DNC speech in 2020. From the perspective of interpersonal meaning, the users of language establish and maintain their position in the social relationship.  This study focuses on the analysis of the usage of modality and the value of modality in expressing interpersonal meaning. This study was conducted by using qualitative. The theory applied in this study is Interpersonal meaning from the Systemic Functional Linguistics (SFL) by M.A.K. Halliday and supported by other Systemic Functional Linguists’ theories. The results of this research showed that the high value of modality is applied in the texts in order to convince the listeners to vote for him, and to show status, power, relationship among them.

Key words: interpersonal meaning, modality, SFL(Systemic Functional Linguistics), DNC (Democratic National Committee)
Kajian Makian dalam Interaksi Sosial Pemuda Madura melalui Lensa Sosio-Ekolinguistik
Authors: Khotimah Khusnul , Pribadi Farid
Published: March 2024

Abstrak

 

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis penggunaan kata makian dalam interaksi sosial pemuda Madura dengan pendekatan sosio-ekolinguistik. Makian adalah bagian penting dari bahasa sehari-hari. Namun, sering kali memiliki keterkaitan dengan norma-norma sosial dan budaya suatu masyarakat. Dalam konteks Madura, kata makian memiliki peran khusus dalam interaksi sosial, oleh karena itu, penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan sosio-ekolinguistik untuk memahami dinamika penggunaan kata makian dalam lingkungan budaya dan sosial yang lebih luas.

Penelitian ini dilakukan melalui analisis korpus percakapan antara pemuda Madura dalam berbagai konteks, baik formal maupun informal. Teori tabu Wardhaugh digunakan sebagai kerangka teoretis untuk melihat bagaimana kata-kata makian diidentifikasi dan digunakan dalam interaksi sosial sehari-hari. Dalam pengkajian ini, faktor sosio-ekologis seperti norma sosial, struktur komunitas, dan perubahan budaya juga dipertimbangkan dalam menginterpretasi penggunaan makian.

Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penggunaan kata makian dalam interaksi sosial pemuda Madura secara kompleks terhubung dengan aspek-aspek sosio-ekologis seperti norma sosial, hierarki sosial, etimologi kata-kata, konteks budaya, jenis interaksi, dan tingkat keformalan situasi. Temuan ini menggambarkan cara pemuda Madura mengadaptasi makian dalam berbagai konteks, sekaligus menggambarkan dinamika sosiolinguistik yang terjadi dalam komunitas bahasa mereka. Bentuk-bentuk  makian tersebut berupa hewan, sikap yang kurang sopan, alat indra manusia, makhluk halus, kotoran, serta alat kelamin Perempuan, digunakan untuk memaki lawan bicara dalam kehidupan sosial bermasyarakat.  Secara keseluruhan, penelitian ini memberikan wawasan mendalam tentang penggunaan kata makian dalam interaksi sosial pemuda Madura dalam lensa sosio-ekolinguistik. Implikasi penelitian ini tidak hanya terbatas pada pemahaman linguistik, tetapi juga membantu dalam memahami interaksi sosial dan budaya yang membentuk penggunaan bahasa sehari-hari dalam komunitas ini.
Hutang Optimal dan Nilai Perusahaan di Indonesia: Studi Pada Perusahaan yang Listing di BEI
Authors: Hubbansyah Aulia Keiko , Fujianti Lailah , Siswono Safitri
Published: March 2024

This study aims to identify the optimal portion of debt in the capital structure that maximizes the firm value. Using the panel threshold estimation approach and company data listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange for 2012-2019, this study provides strong empirical evidence that there is a non-linear relationship between debt and firm value. In this case, it is found that the optimal portion of debt for companies in Indonesia ranges from 48 - 54 percent relative to its equity. As shown this level of debt is empirically proven to have the greatest positive impact on increasing the firm value. But, when the portion of debt that exceeds 54 percent, it has no impact on the firm value. Meaning that the impact of additional debt on firm value will be insignificant, and only increase the level of the debt.  

 

Keywords: Firm value, firm debt, dividend, managerial ownership
Pengaruh CAR Dan LDR Terhadap return Saham Pada Perbankan BUMN Dimediasi Oleh Nilai Perusahaan
Authors: Ummah R. Salimatul , Sijabat Yacobo P.
Published: March 2024

Penelitian yang dilakukan penulis adalah untuk menguji pengaruh capital adequency ratio (CAR), loan to deposit ratio (LDR) terhadap return saham perbankan BUMN dimediasi oleh Nilai Perusahaan. Diharapkan penelitian ini mampu memberikan manfaat, meningkatkan dan memaksimalkan kinerja perbankan. Penulis menggunakan metode penelitian deskriptif dengan data yang digunakan adalah data kuantitatif. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode analisis regresi linier berganda dengan menggunakan bantuan software IBM SPSS versi 26 . Dari analisis penelitian diperoleh hasil jika Nilai perusahaan atau PBV dapat menjadi memediator terhadap pengaruh CAR, terhadap return saham perbankan BUMN di Indonesia. Namun nilai perusahaan atau price to book value (PBV) tidak mampu menjadi mediator pengaruh LDR terhadap return saham perbankan BUMN di Indonesia. Hal ini menunjukkan jika Nilai perusahaan atau PBV memiliki peran penting menjadi penghubung pengaruh variable independen terhadap variable dependen. CAR dan LDR tidak dapat mempengaruhi return saham perbankan BUMN secara langsung.
Pengaruh Brand Image dan Brand Trust Terhadap Brand Loyalty PIXY Cosmetics Melalui Customer Satisfaction Sebagai Variabel Intervening.
Authors: Khatimah Husnul Khatimah , Komalasari Diah
Published: March 2024

Penelitian ini membahas mengenai bagaimana brand image & brand trust berpengaruh terhadap brand loyalty PIXY kosmetik melalui customer satisfaction sebagai variabel intervening. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menguji dan menganalisis pengaruh brand image & brand trustdengan peran customer satisfaction sebagai mediasi memengaruhi brand loyalty pada PIXY kosmetik di Jakarta. Teknik pengambilan sampelmenggunakan nonprobability sampling dengan metode purposive sampling yang berjumlah 150 responden merupakan masyarakat di Jakarta. Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan kuesioner yang disebar melalui google form. Alat uji analisis yang digunakan adalah SmartPLS 3.0. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwan brand image berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap customer satisfaction dibuktikan dengan nilai t-statistik (7,657>1,96), brand trust berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap customer satisfaction dilihat dari nilai t-statistik (3,216>1,96), brand image tidak memiliki pengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap brand loyalty dibuktikan dengan nilai statistik (1,400<1,96), brand trusttidak memiliki pengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap brand loyalty dengan nilai statistik (0,427<1,96), customer saticfaction memilikipengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap brand loyalty dengan nilai statistik (6,314>1,96), terdapat pengaruh langsung untuk variabel brand image terhadap brand loyalty melalui customer satisfaction dengan nilai statistik (5,075>1,96) atau p-value (0,000<0,05) dan variabel brand trust terhadap brand loyalty melalui customer satisfaction dengan nilai statistik (2,717>1,96) atau p-value (0,007<0,05), maka dapatdisimpulkan customer satisfaction berperan sebagai full mediation.
The Values Of Islam Nusantara’s Civilization And Religious Moderation In Lampungnese Culture Community
Authors: Kusuma Nurhadi , Pepilina Dini
Published: March 2024

Islam Nusantara is a form of Islam that developed in Indonesia with the characteristics of friendly, tolerant, and mutual respect, in accordance with the identity and character of the people of the archipelago. As a manifestation of the spirit of spreading Islam, Islam Nusantara is integrated with local culture to unite religious teachings and indigenous local wisdom. The transformation and relationship between religion and culture creates the distinctiveness of each locality, as seen in the ethnic culture of Lampung. The relationship between Islam and Lampung culture influences each other, where Islamic values enrich Lampung culture, and vice versa. The people of Lampung express religious moderation as a cultural value that bridges religious diversity in Indonesia. This moderation reflects the harmony between Islam Nusantara and local wisdom, where both do not negate each other, but seek solutions with tolerance. Understanding the values of Nusantara Islamic civilization and religious moderation in the indigenous people of coastal Lampung is an explanation of the relationship between Islam and culture in the development of Lampung society.
Note for the Millennium Prize Problems
Authors: Vega Frank
Published: March 2024

The Riemann hypothesis and the $P$ versus $NP$ problem are two of the most important unsolved Millennium Prize Problems. Let $\Psi(n) = n \cdot \prod_{q \mid n} \left(1 + \frac{1}{q} \right)$ denote the Dedekind $\Psi$ function where $q \mid n$ means the prime $q$ divides $n$. Define, for $n \geq 3$; the ratio $R(n) = \frac{\Psi(n)}{n \cdot \log \log n}$ where $\log$ is the natural logarithm. Let $N_{n} = 2 \cdot \ldots \cdot q_{n}$ be the primorial of order $n$. We prove if the inequality $R(N_{n+1}) < R(N_{n})$ holds for all primes $q_{n}$ (greater than some threshold), then the Riemann hypothesis is true. In this note, we show that the previous inequality always holds for all large enough prime numbers. A precise statement of the $P$ versus $NP$ problem was introduced independently by Stephen Cook and Leonid Levin. Since that date, all efforts to find a proof for this problem have failed. Another major complexity class is $NP$-complete. It is well-known that $P$ is equal to $NP$ under the assumption of the existence of a polynomial time algorithm for some $NP$-complete. We show that the Monotone Weighted Xor 2-satisfiability problem ($MWX2SAT$) is $NP$-complete and $P$ at the same time.
PENGARUH PENGETAHUAN ORGANISASI DAN DISIPLIN KERJA TERHADAP TERCAPAINYA TARGET PENERIMAAN RETRIBUSI PARKIR PADA DINAS PERHUBUNGAN KABUPATEN POLEWALI MANDAR
Authors: Desita Renny , Azis Nur Alimin , Irmawati Irmawati
Published: March 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui apakah pengetahuan organisasi dan disiplin kerja berpengaruh terhadap tercapainya target penerimaan retribusi parkir pada Dinas Perhubungan Kabupaten Polewali Mandar. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan metode survei terhadap pegawai khususnya pada bagian UPTD perparkiran Dinas Perhubungan Kabupaten Polewali Mandar. Sampel penelitian diperoleh dengan menggunakan purposive sampling. metode pengumpulan data melalui kuesioner, dan selanjutnya data dianalisis menggunakan analisis regresi linear berganda. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa pengetahuan organisasi dan disiplin kerja berpengaruh positif untuk dapat meningkatkan tercapainya target penerimaan retribusi parkir. Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa semakin tinggi tingkat pengetahuan organisasi dan tingkat sikap kedisiplinan para pegawai, maka semakin besar jumlah penerimaan retribusi parkir yang diperoleh.
STUDI PENDAPATAN NELAYAN TRADISIONAL DI PESISIR PANTAI KABUPATEN TAKALAR
Authors: Amir Amir , Romadhoni Buyung , Rasulong Ismail , Akhmad Akhmad , Ali Muhammad Yunus
Published: March 2024

Traditional fishermen are characterized as poor people with low quality of food and housing, low savings and investment and low standards of living. The income of fishermen's fishing business is very different from that of traders and farmers. If traders can calculate their profit every month, as well as farmers can predict their yields, this is not the case with fishermen whose activities are full of uncertainty and are speculative and volatile. When compared to farmers, fishermen's non-fishing income is less varied because farmers have more time to work outside of agriculture. This study aims to determine the amount of income of traditional fishermen in the Coastal Coast of Takalar Regency. This research was conducted in the Coastal Coast of Takalar Regency. The population in this study were all fishermen who use outboard motor fleets in fishing business on the coast of Takalar Regency. Sampling was done by random sampling method and selected 58 fishermen respondents who are considered to represent all populations. The data obtained were then analyzed using descriptive analysis and Break Event Points. The results showed that the average amount of profit obtained by fishermen in one fishing trip was Rp. 288,900. Meanwhile, the results of the break even point analysis show that the fishermen are at the main point of return when they catch 11.11 kg of fish caught for one time fishing.
Pengujian Negative Framing Dan Adverse Selection Sebagai Determinan Eskalasi Komitmen Dalam Keputusan Investasi
Authors: Anggraeni Dewi , Rukmana Risa
Published: March 2024

Commitment escalation refers to the tendency by a decision maker to persist or escalate his commitment to a series of failed actions. This study aims to analyze the effect of Negative Framing and Adverse Selection as Determinants of Commitment Escalation in Investment Decisions. Respondents who participated were 123 students majoring in Accounting and Management at the Tri Dharma Nusantara College of Economics who met the criteria, namely final semester students and had worked for certain companies to strengthen their decision-making abilities and had passed the entrepreneurship and Operational Management courses. This study was measured using a questionnaire and then analyzed using Multiple Linear Regression. The results of the research on Negative Framing and Adverse Selection have a significant positive effect on the Determinants of Commitment Escalation in Investment Decisions.
Peran Dewan Direksi Dalam Meningkatkan Reputasi Perusahaan (Studi Pada Perusahaan Yang Terdaftar Di Bursa Efek Indonesia)
Authors: Jao Robert , Yono Benhard
Published: March 2024

The purpose of this research is to examine the effect of the board of directors on corporate reputation. The population used is all manufacturing companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX). . The sample selection using the purposive sampling method resulted in 32 companies or 128 observations. This study used secondary data, i.e. the number of boards of directors and corporate image index for companies included in Indonesia's Most Admired Company. The analytical method used is regression analysis. The result of analysis shows the size of the board of directors has a positive and significant influence on the company's reputation.
PERANCANGAN SISTEM INFORMASI AKUNTANSI DENGAN METODE RAD (RAPID APPLICATION DEVELOPMENT) PADA KOPERASI KELOMPOK WANITA NELAYAN (KWN) FATIMAH AZZAHRA
Authors: Said Siti Nur Reskiyawati , Adityaningsih Yuliana
Published: March 2024

Sistem Informasi Akuntansi memiliki peranan yang penting dalam kemajuan suatu dunia usaha kecil menengah (UKM) terutama untuk Koperasi Kelompok Wanita Nelayan (KWN) Fatimah Azzahra.Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui sistem informasi akuntansi yang digunakan dan merancang sistem informasi akuntansi sesuai dengan kebutuhan sehingga dapat mempermudah siklus pelayanan Koperasi Kelompok Wanita Nelayan (KWN) Fatimah Azzahra.Jenis penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kualitatif yang menggunakan analisis pengembangan melalui dua tahapan yaitu research dan development. Pada tahapan research, peneliti memulainya dari penelitian kualitatif yang telah ada. Sedangkan pada tahapan development, peneliti memproses hasil penelitian dengan menghasilkan produk pengembangan. Metode pengumpulan data yang dilakukan melalui studi kepustakaan, wawancara, observasi dan juga dokumentasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa sistem informasi akuntansiberupa pencatatan dan pelaporan  yang digunakan KWN Fatimah Azzahramasih manual. Metode yang digunakan adalah RAD (Rapid Application Development).
A filosofia a ser ensinada: pensamento e filosofia em Xavier Zubiri
Authors: Tavares Renata
Published: March 2024

o presente trabalho explora, ainda que de forma breve, os fundamentos da metafí­sica de Xavier Zubiri e procura, a partir deles, apontar para a necessidade de se repensar o conceito de filosofia, o que levado à discussão do papel da filosofia dentro da escola de ní­vel médio, incita uma série de reflexões importantes e pouco realizadas atualmente. Zubiri é um autor que, ao construir a proposta de uma metafí­sica consoante com a fí­sica do século XX, busca trazer a filosofia para o seu objeto original, a realidade material, da qual foi se afastando ao longo de toda a sua História. A crise atual do pensamento apontada por inúmeros autores de filosofia contemporânea tem em Zubiri um diagnóstico bastante especí­fico: a tentativa da filosofia de promover uma razão independente do corpo. Apresenta-se brevemente o conceito zubiriano de inteligência senciente, ideia que nos obriga a questionar os caminhos que segue a filosofia atual. Para Zubiri, o caminho deveria deixar de ser o de (apenas) anunciar o próprio fim e criticar o próprio passado, para ser o de uma revalorização da racionalidade, só que em nova perspectiva.
Disputa, imposição e negação em trabalhos escolares sobre história e cultura Afro-brasileira e Africana
Authors: Batista Sandra Aparecida , Telles Michele Rotta
Published: March 2024

Diante dos processos de disputa, imposição e negação a respeito da história e cultura Afro-Brasileira e Africana, o propósito da pesquisa é identificar e analisar as respectivas representações em trabalhos escolares do Colégio Estadual do Campo Dr. Antonio Pereira lima, Distrito Panema, municí­pio de Santa Mariana, Paraná. As fontes foram produzidas para o Dia Nacional da Consciência Negra no perí­odo de 2013 a 2015, sendo divididas em dois grupos compostos por textos e imagens: o primeiro, parte da hipótese da existência de um discurso estereotipado e preconceituoso advindo da classe dominante branca a respeito da história e cultura Afro-Brasileira e Africana; já o segundo surge possivelmente da imposição de um novo discurso, fruto das reivindicações de reconhecimento e valorização da diversidade cultural advogadas pelo Movimento Negro e por meio da Lei 10 639/03. Este estudo possibilita estabelecer paralelos entre representações advindas do "sistema hegemônico branco e ocidentalizado" e as representações anti-hegemônicas, considerando que o texto da Lei 10 639/03, que insere o ensino de história e cultura Afro-Brasileira e Africana nas escolas, também se constitui em uma representação, e não anula os processos de negociação, conflitos e tensões entre o padrão cultural negro e africano e o padrão branco europeu na dinâmica pedagógica escolar. A partir do debate em torno do conceito de representações de Chartier (1990; 1991; 2002), as representações são tomadas como estratégias e práticas de tensionamento em meio às relações de poder. Portanto, não se tratam de uma questão de verdade e falsidade, mas de uma lógica de representação que manipula e legitima o discurso de quem enuncia.
Análise da compreensão dos acadêmicos de ciências biológicas sobre o tema: ciência tecnologia e sociedade
Authors: Snicer, Francieli, , Borille Josi Mariano
Published: March 2024

A ciência e a tecnologia têm importância evidente e indiscutí­vel no mundo moderno, no qual adquirem caráter relevante em todos os aspectos da vida, influenciando os processos de transformações polí­ticas, sociais e tecnológicas das sociedades. Partindo desse pressuposto, é fundamental que os conceitos e as inter-relações entre Ciência, Tecnologia e Sociedade (CTS) sejam trabalhados com alunos de forma a garantir uma melhor formação de um aluno crí­tico e que compreenda a importância da ciência para as transformações tecnológicas e sociais. Sendo assim, o objetivo deste estudo foi analisar a compreensão dos alunos ingressantes no curso de Ciências da UNESPAR, campus de União da Vitória sobre a concepção sobre CTS. Para o levantamento das informações foi elaborado e aplicado um questionário com 44 acadêmicos matriculados nos 1ªos anos curso de Ciências Biológicas (diurno e noturno). Os resultados mostraram que os ingressantes universitários afirmaram não ter tido contato com o tema CTS no ensino médio, pois quando questionados sobre o conhecimento da sigla CTS e seu significado, 68% afirmaram nunca ter ouvido falar nesta sigla, e apenas 11% afirmaram conhecer a sigla e seu significado. Em relação ao correto entendimento sobre a definição de ciências, foram feitas diversas afirmações que deveriam ser julgadas pelos alunos quanto aos seus entendimentos, as respostas dadas por eles foram consideradas adequadas em 31% e incorretas em 69%. Os resultados afirmam que os alunos avaliados demonstraram em sua maioria não ter conhecimento sobre o conceito de CTS e seu significado, que provavelmente passam pelo ensino médio, saem com uma visão ingênua em relação à Ciência e à Tecnologia. Percebemos também que a os acadêmicos, tem bastante dificuldade em definir Ciências. Esses resultados sugerem que o tema CTS não vem sendo bem trabalhado no ensino médio ou que não há uma compreensão do mesmo por parte dos alunos.
Genetically engineered eucalyptus expressing pesticidal proteins from Bacillus thuringiensis for insect resistance: a risk assessment evaluation perspective
Authors: Avisar Dror , Manoeli Alexandre , dos Santos Anselmo Azevedo , Porto Antonio Carlos Da Mota , Rocha Carolina Da Silva , Zauza Edival , Gonzalez Esteban R. , Soliman Everton , Gonsalves José Mateus Wisniewski , Bombonato Lorena , Galan Maria P. , Domingues Maurício M. , Candelaria Murici Carlos , Mafia Reginaldo , Graça Rodrigo Neves , Azulay Shelly , Livne Sivan , Dias Tatiane Buono , Drezza Thaís Regina , Silva William Jose , Pinheiro Ana Cristina
Published: March 2024

Eucalyptus covers approximately 7.5 million hectares in Brazil and serves as the primary woody species cultivated for commercial purposes. However, native insects and invasive pests pose a significant threat to eucalyptus trees, resulting in substantial economic losses and reduced forest productivity. One of the primary lepidopteran pests affecting eucalyptus is Thyrinteina arnobia (Stoll, 1782) (Lepidoptera: Geometridae), commonly referred to as the brown looper caterpillar. To address this issue, FuturaGene, the biotech division of Suzano S.A., has developed an insect-resistant (IR) eucalyptus variety, which expresses Cry pesticidal proteins (Cry1Ab, Cry1Bb, and Cry2Aa), derived from Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt). Following extensive safety assessments, including field trials across various biomes in Brazil, the Brazilian National Technical Commission of Biosafety (CTNBio) recently approved the commercialization of IR eucalyptus. The biosafety assessments involved the analysis of molecular genomics, digestibility, thermostability, non-target organism exposure, degradability in the field, and effects on soil microbial communities and arthropod communities. In addition, in silico studies were conducted to evaluate allergenicity and toxicity. Results from both laboratory and field studies indicated that Bt eucalyptus is as safe as the conventional eucalyptus clone for humans, animals, and the environment, ensuring the secure use of this insect-resistant trait in wood production.
MicroRNA-155 mediates multiple gene regulations pertinent to the role of human adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells in skin regeneration
Authors: Shahin Hady , Belcastro Luigi , Das Jyotirmoy , Perdiki Grigoriadi Marina , Saager Rolf B. , Steinvall Ingrid , Sjöberg Folke , Olofsson Pia , Elmasry Moustafa , El-Serafi Ahmed T.
Published: March 2024

Introduction: The role of Adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (AD-MSCs) in skin wound healing remains to be fully characterized. This study aims to evaluate the regenerative potential of autologous AD-MSCs in a non-healing porcine wound model, in addition to elucidate key miRNA-mediated epigenetic regulations that underlie the regenerative potential of AD-MSCs in wounds.

Methods: The regenerative potential of autologous AD-MSCs was evaluated in porcine model using histopathology and spatial frequency domain imaging. Then, the correlations between miRNAs and proteins of AD-MSCs were evaluated using an integration analysis in primary human AD-MSCs in comparison to primary human keratinocytes. Transfection study of AD-MSCs was conducted to validate the bioinformatics data.

Results: Autologous porcine AD-MSCs improved wound epithelialization and skin properties in comparison to control wounds. We identified 26 proteins upregulated in human AD-MSCs, including growth and angiogenic factors, chemokines and inflammatory cytokines. Pathway enrichment analysis highlighted cell signalling-associated pathways and immunomodulatory pathways. miRNA-target modelling revealed regulations related to genes encoding for 16 upregulated proteins. miR-155-5p was predicted to regulate Fibroblast growth factor 2 and 7, C-C motif chemokine ligand 2 and Vascular cell adhesion molecule 1. Transfecting human AD-MSCs cell line with anti-miR-155 showed transient gene silencing of the four proteins at 24 h post-transfection.

Discussion: This study proposes a positive miR-155-mediated gene regulation of key factors involved in wound healing. The study represents a promising approach for miRNA-based and cell-free regenerative treatment for difficult-to-heal wounds. The therapeutic potential of miR-155 and its identified targets should be further explored in-vivo.
Understanding the unique mechanism of ferroptosis: a promising therapeutic target
Authors: Kong Yuanyuan , Li Jing , Lin Rufeng , Lu Shifeng , Rong Liucheng , Xue Yao , Fang Yongjun
Published: March 2024

Ferroptosis is an iron-dependent form of regulated cell death and is characterized by high concentrations of intracellular lipid peroxide and a redox imbalance in the cells. Ferroptosis shows distinct morphological and biological features compared with other prominent mechanisms of programmed cell death. The distinct characteristics of ferroptosis include the dysfunction of the lipid peroxide repair enzyme glutathione peroxidase 4, the presence of ferrous iron overload, and the lipid peroxidation of polyunsaturated fatty acids. Several other metabolic pathways (including iron, lipid, and amino acid metabolism) and ferritinophagy, as well as transcription factors, can modulate ferroptosis. However, to date, the molecular mechanism of ferroptosis has not been elucidated. This review outlines the discovery, characterization, regulatory mechanisms, and crosstalk of ferroptosis. Further, we have noted the controversial elements in the ferroptosis-related mechanisms. Our inferences may provide a partial reference for developing strategies to regulate ferroptosis.
A budget impact model and a cost–utility analysis of reducer device (Neovasc) in patients with refractory angina
Authors: Fortunato Agostino , Valentini Ilaria , Rumi Filippo , Antonini Debora , Siviero Ludovica , Di Brino Eugenio , Basile Michele , Cicchetti Americo
Published: March 2024

Background

Refractory angina (RA) is a chronic condition characterized by the presence of debilitating angina symptoms due to established reversible ischemia in the presence of obstructive coronary artery disease (CAD). Treatments for this condition have undergone major developments in recent decades; however, the treatment for RA remains a challenge for medicine. In this sense, the Coronary Sinus Reducer System (CSRS) stands as the last line of therapy for ineligible patients for revascularization with reversible ischemia. The purpose of this report is to evaluate the potential burden on the National Health Service (NHS) and measure the health effects in terms of both quantity (life years) and quality-of-life aspects related to the reducer.

Methods

Two different economic evaluation models were developed as part of the analysis. The budget impact was developed to estimate the potential burden on the NHS from incremental uptake of the use of the reducer in the target population. The utility cost analysis compares and evaluates the quality of life and health resource use and costs between the two alternatives, based on the research of Gallone et al. A deterministic and probabilistic sensitivity analysis was carried out to characterize the uncertainty around the parameters of the model.

Results

In the budget impact analysis (BIA), the reducer is shown to be more expensive in the first 2 years of the model, due to the gradual uptake in the market and the cost of the device. Starting from the third year, assuming maintenance of effectiveness, there are savings in terms of resource absorption in direct healthcare costs arising from hospitalizations, emergency department accesses, coronarography, and visits avoided.

Conclusion

The BIA and cost-effectiveness model show that the reducer device, despite an increase in resources absorbed in the first years of implementation and use, has the potential to result in increased quality of life in patients with RA. These costs are largely offset in the short term by the improved clinical outcomes achievable leading to savings from the third year onward in the BIA and a dominance ratio in the cost–utility analysis.
Artificial intelligence in positive mental health: a narrative review
Authors: Thakkar Anoushka , Gupta Ankita , De Sousa Avinash
Published: March 2024

The paper reviews the entire spectrum of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in mental health and its positive role in mental health. AI has a huge number of promises to offer mental health care and this paper looks at multiple facets of the same. The paper first defines AI and its scope in the area of mental health. It then looks at various facets of AI like machine learning, supervised machine learning and unsupervised machine learning and other facets of AI. The role of AI in various psychiatric disorders like neurodegenerative disorders, intellectual disability and seizures are discussed along with the role of AI in awareness, diagnosis and intervention in mental health disorders. The role of AI in positive emotional regulation and its impact in schizophrenia, autism spectrum disorders and mood disorders is also highlighted. The article also discusses the limitations of AI based approaches and the need for AI based approaches in mental health to be culturally aware, with structured flexible algorithms and an awareness of biases that can arise in AI. The ethical issues that may arise with the use of AI in mental health are also visited.
Variability of salivary analytes under daily conditions and their implications for periodontitis biomarkers
Authors: Rocha Amanda Carolina Souza Delfino , Orlandini Renata Klemp , Motta Ana Carolina Fragoso , Pinheiro Juliana Barchelli , Silva Gilberto André e , Oliveira Viviane de Cássia , Lourenço Alan Grupioni
Published: March 2024

Introduction

Recent studies have identified inflammatory mediators as potential biomarkers for monitoring or diagnosing periodontitis. However, the brief half-life of these mediators, coupled with their variability among different individuals and across different stages of periodontal disease, may limit their reliability as biomarkers.

Methods

In this study, we assessed the concentration profile of salivary biomarkers (IL-6, IL-8, and total protein) through repeated measurements within the same day and across different days in 79 patients exhibiting various states of periodontal health: intact periodontium, stable periodontitis, and active periodontitis. Additionally, we explored how daily variations, such as the interval between toothbrushing and eating, impact the levels of these salivary biomarkers and their diagnostic efficacy for periodontitis activity.

Results

Our results showed high salivary levels of IL-6 and total proteins in periodontitis patients (p < 0.001), with detection ability reflected by an Area Under the Receiver Operating Characteristic Curve (AUC-ROC) ranging between 0.709 and 0.852. Conversely, IL-8 levels were higher in patients with intact periodontium (p < 0.001), with an AUC-ROC for periodontitis detection between 0.671 and 0.815. Daily activities such as toothbrushing and eating influenced the levels of specific analytes, particularly total proteins (p < 0.001), but this did not affect their ability to detect periodontal disease activity. The highest measurement agreement, assessed by Intraclass Correlation Coefficients (ICC), was found for IL-6, with no significant differences in agreement between same-day and different-day measurements.

Conclusions

Our study demonstrated consistency in the repeated measurements of salivary analytes, both within the same day and across different days, except for salivary total protein levels. These analytes exhibited variability within a range that did not undermine their effectiveness as biomarkers for periodontal disease.
Research on loss rules of oil and gas in preserved shale cores after open air exposure
Authors: Zhang Jinyou , Wang Min , Li Jinbu , Liu Zhao , Xu Liang
Published: March 2024

There is a large amount of oil and gas loss in traditional conventional core samples. Revealing the rules of oil and gas loss is of great significance for restore the pristine oil content and oil component in the shale. In this study, four preserved shale cores with different thermal maturity (Ro = 1.01–1.53%) and different total organic carbon content (TOC = 1.69–5.48 wt.%) were selected. The samples are obtained from the first member of the Qingshankou Formation in the Gulong Sag. Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) T1–T2 mapping and thermal desorption gas chromatography (TD–GC, at a constant temperature of 300°C for 3 min) were performed on the preserved cores and their replicas that were exposed in open air for different times, to study dynamic loss process and the molecular composition changes of shale oil. The results show that during exposure, shale experiences a large amount of oil loss, with a loss ratio of about 42%–78%, and the higher the maturity, the greater the loss ratio. The oil loss is mainly contributed by free oil, with a loss ratio as high as 88%. The adsorbed oil content, however, remains basically unchanged and has a good positive correlation with the TOC of shale. Once the cores were crushed, the gaseous hydrocarbon in oil was basically evaporated in just 5 min. After long-term storage, 90% of the C14- light hydrocarbon is lost, while the C14+ heavy hydrocarbon experiences basically no loss. Therefore, effective and timely analysis of preserved shales is extremely important. The oil content of uncrushed shale cores characterized by NMR T1–T2 mapping is much greater than that of the crushed sample measured by TD-GC, which means that NMR T1–T2 mapping can be important method to evaluate the original fluid saturation of shale.
Identifying diagnostic indicators for type 2 diabetes mellitus from physical examination using interpretable machine learning approach
Authors: Lv Xiang , Luo Jiesi , Huang Wei , Guo Hui , Bai Xue , Yan Pijun , Jiang Zongzhe , Zhang Yonglin , Jing Runyu , Chen Qi , Li Menglong
Published: March 2024

Background

Identification of patients at risk for type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) can not only prevent complications and reduce suffering but also ease the health care burden. While routine physical examination can provide useful information for diagnosis, manual exploration of routine physical examination records is not feasible due to the high prevalence of T2DM.

Objectives

We aim to build interpretable machine learning models for T2DM diagnosis and uncover important diagnostic indicators from physical examination, including age- and sex-related indicators.

Methods

In this study, we present three weighted diversity density (WDD)-based algorithms for T2DM screening that use physical examination indicators, the algorithms are highly transparent and interpretable, two of which are missing value tolerant algorithms.

Patients

Regarding the dataset, we collected 43 physical examination indicator data from 11,071 cases of T2DM patients and 126,622 healthy controls at the Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University. After data processing, we used a data matrix containing 16004 EHRs and 43 clinical indicators for modelling.

Results

The indicators were ranked according to their model weights, and the top 25% of indicators were found to be directly or indirectly related to T2DM. We further investigated the clinical characteristics of different age and sex groups, and found that the algorithms can detect relevant indicators specific to these groups. The algorithms performed well in T2DM screening, with the highest area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) reaching 0.9185.

Conclusion

This work utilized the interpretable WDD-based algorithms to construct T2DM diagnostic models based on physical examination indicators. By modeling data grouped by age and sex, we identified several predictive markers related to age and sex, uncovering characteristic differences among various groups of T2DM patients.
Spring-mediated distraction enterogenesis may alter the course of adaptation in porcine short bowel syndrome
Authors: Bautista Geoanna M. , Dubrovsky Genia , Sweeney Nicolle K. , Solórzano-Vargas R.S. , Tancredi Daniel J. , Lewis Michael , Stelzner Mattias , Martín Martín G. , Dunn James C.Y.
Published: March 2024

Introduction

Severe forms of short bowel syndrome (SBS) resulting in chronic intestinal failure (IF) have limited therapeutic options, all of which are associated with significant morbidities. Spring-mediated distraction enterogenesis (SMDE) uses an intraluminal self-expanding spring to generate mechanical force to induce intestinal stretching and sustained axial growth, providing a promising novel approach for patients with SBS. Previous studies have established this method to be safe and effective in small and large animal models. However, SMDE has previously not been implemented in a large, clinically relevant animal model.

Methods

Juvenile mini-Yucatan pigs with 75% of their small intestine resected had intraluminal springs placed after an initial adaptive period. Morphological and histological assessments were performed on SMDE segments compared to the control region of the intestine undergoing normal adaptive responses to resection.

Results

While the initial histologic adaptive response observed following resection was attenuated after a month, the SMDE segments instead augmented these adaptive changes. Specifically, intestinal length increased 2-fold in SMDE segments, and the widths of the epithelial, muscularis, and serosal layers were enhanced in SMDE compared with control segments of the same animal. This data suggests that morphologic intestinal adaptation may be enhanced with SMDE in the setting of SBS.

Discussion

Here we demonstrate the successful and reproducible implementation of SMDE in a large animal model in the setting of prior intestinal resection, making SMDE a viable and novel approach for SBS to be explored further.
The monocyte-derived cytokine response in whole blood from preterm newborns against sepsis-related bacteria is similar to term newborns and adults
Authors: Jans Jop , van Dun Sven C. J. , Gorissen Renske , Pieterman Roel F. A. , Voskamp Tess S. , Schoenmakers Sam , Taal Hendrik Robert , Unger Wendy W. J.
Published: March 2024

Introduction

Sepsis is characterized by a dysregulated innate immune response. It is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality in newborns, in particular for newborns that are born premature. Although previous literature indicate that the pro-inflammatory response may be impaired in preterm newborns, serum levels of monocyte-derived cytokines, such as TNF-α and IL-6, vary highly between newborns and can reach adult-like concentrations during sepsis. These contradictory observations and the severe consequences of neonatal sepsis in preterm newborns highlight the need for a better understanding of the pro-inflammatory cytokine response of preterm newborns to improve sepsis-related outcomes.

Methods and results

Using an in vitro model with multiple read outs at the transcriptional and protein level, we consistently showed that the monocyte-derived cytokine response induced by sepsis-related bacteria is comparable between preterm newborns, term newborns and adults. We substantiated these findings by employing recombinant Toll-like receptor (TLR) ligands and showed that the activation of specific immune pathways, including the expression of TLRs, is also similar between preterm newborns, term newborns and adults. Importantly, we showed that at birth the production of TNF-α and IL-6 is highly variable between individuals and independent of gestational age.

Discussion

These findings indicate that preterm newborns are equally capable of mounting a pro-inflammatory response against a broad range of bacterial pathogens that is comparable to term newborns and adults. Our results provide a better understanding of the pro-inflammatory response by preterm newborns and could guide the development of interventions that specifically modulate the pro-inflammatory response during sepsis in preterm newborns.
JNK signaling mediates acute rejection via activating autophagy of CD8+ T cells after liver transplantation in rats
Authors: Wang Xiaowen , Zhu Wenfeng , Chen Haoqi , Li Xuejiao , Zheng Wenjie , Zhang Yuan , Fan Ning , Chen Xiaolong , Wang Genshu
Published: March 2024

Background

Acute rejection (AR) after liver transplantation (LT) remains an important factor affecting the prognosis of patients. CD8+ T cells are considered to be important regulatory T lymphocytes involved in AR after LT. Our previous study confirmed that autophagy mediated AR by promoting activation and proliferation of CD8+ T cells. However, the underlying mechanisms regulating autophagy in CD8+ T cells during AR remain unclear.

Methods

Human liver biopsy specimens of AR after orthotopic LT were collected to assess the relationship between JNK and CD8+ T cells autophagy. The effect of JNK inhibition on CD8+ T cells autophagy and its role in AR were further examined in rats. Besides, the underlying mechanisms how JNK regulated the autophagy of CD8+ T cells were further explored.

Results

The expression of JNK is positive correlated with the autophagy level of CD8+ T cells in AR patients. And similar findings were obtained in rats after LT. Further, JNK inhibitor remarkably inhibited the autophagy of CD8+ T cells in rat LT recipients. In addition, administration of JNK inhibitor significantly attenuated AR injury by promoting the apoptosis and downregulating the function of CD8+ T cells. Mechanistically, JNK may activate the autophagy of CD8+ T cells through upregulating BECN1 by inhibiting the formation of Bcl-2/BECN1 complex.

Conclusion

JNK signaling promoted CD8+ T cells autophagy to mediate AR after LT, providing a theoretical basis for finding new drug targets for the prevention and treatment of AR after LT.
Mechanism study of ubiquitination in T cell development and autoimmune disease
Authors: Yu Hui , Yang Wenyong , Cao Min , Lei Qingqiang , Yuan Renbin , Xu He , Cui Yuqian , Chen Xuerui , Su Xu , Zhuo Hui , Lin Liangbin
Published: March 2024

T cells play critical role in multiple immune processes including antigen response, tumor immunity, inflammation, self-tolerance maintenance and autoimmune diseases et. Fetal liver or bone marrow-derived thymus-seeding progenitors (TSPs) settle in thymus and undergo T cell-lineage commitment, proliferation, T cell receptor (TCR) rearrangement, and thymic selections driven by microenvironment composed of thymic epithelial cells (TEC), dendritic cells (DC), macrophage and B cells, thus generating T cells with diverse TCR repertoire immunocompetent but not self-reactive. Additionally, some self-reactive thymocytes give rise to Treg with the help of TEC and DC, serving for immune tolerance. The sequential proliferation, cell fate decision, and selection during T cell development and self-tolerance establishment are tightly regulated to ensure the proper immune response without autoimmune reaction. There are remarkable progresses in understanding of the regulatory mechanisms regarding ubiquitination in T cell development and the establishment of self-tolerance in the past few years, which holds great potential for further therapeutic interventions in immune-related diseases.