bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Oriented nucleation and crystal growth of Sr-fresnoite (Sr2TiSi2O8) in 2SrO·TiO2·2SiO2 glasses with additional SiO2
Authors: Wisniewski Wolfgang , Dimitrijevic Jovana , Rüssel Christian
Published: May 2018

The oriented nucleation of Sr-fresnoite is barely affected by increasing the amount of SiO2 in glasses of the mol composition 2SrO·TiO2·2SiO2 + xSiO2 (x = 0 to 1.5) while keeping the crystallisation temperature constant. Bulk nucleation, growth selection and phase separation occur in the bulk.
Lone pair–πvs.σ-hole–π interactions in bromine head-containing oxacalix[2]arene[2]triazines
Authors: Naseer Muhammad Moazzam , Bauzá Antonio , Alnasr Hazem , Jurkschat Klaus , Frontera Antonio
Published: May 2018

New bromine head-containing oxacalix[2]arene[2]triazines were synthesized. Owing to the bromine head and complementary V-shaped cavity, the solid state structure showed an intriguing and unique 1D-supramolecular chain-like self-assembly.
High-pressure-assisted X-ray-induced damage as a new route for chemical and structural synthesis
Authors: Evlyukhin Egor , Kim Eunja , Goldberger David , Cifligu Petrika , Schyck Sarah , Weck Philippe F. , Pravica Michael
Published: May 2018

A novel structural and chemical synthesis of Cs–O derived materials has been demonstrated via X-ray irradiation of Cs2C2H2O5 at high pressure.
Pure spin current and phonon thermoelectric transport in a triangulene-based molecular junction
Authors: Wang Qiang , Li Jianwei , Nie Yihang , Xu Fuming , Yu Yunjin , Wang Bin
Published: May 2018

A triangulene-based molecular junction: a favorable spintronic device with pure spin current and efficient phonon thermoelectric transport.
Fluorescence immunosensor for cardiac troponin T based on Förster resonance energy transfer (FRET) between carbon dot and MoS2 nano-couple
Authors: Gogoi Satyabrat , Khan Raju
Published: May 2018

The study demonstrates a sensitive detection technique for cardiac troponin T (cTnT) using FRET based carbon dot (CD) and molybdenum disulfide (MoS2) nano-couple.
No aggregation-induced-emission but quenching of phosphorescence for an iridium complex with a 2,2-diphenylvinyl motif: a joint experimental and theoretical study
Authors: Chen Mengzhen , Lan Ying , Zheng Jiqing , Pan Fangfang , Song Xiangzhi , He Lei
Published: May 2018

Introduction of a 2,2-diphenylvinyl motif into an iridium complex causes no aggregation-induced emission (AIE) but completely quenches the phosphorescence (PH).
Robust control synthesis for the activated sludge process
Authors: Phuc Bui Duc Hong , You Sam-Sang , Hung Boc Minh , Kim Hwan-Seong
Published: May 2018

Control of the activated sludge process (ASP) is a challenging problem due to the complexity of the biological and chemical reactions, and large variations in the influent flow.
The anti-obesity effect of starch in a whole grain-like structural form
Authors: Luo Kaiyun , Wang Xufeng , Zhang Genyi
Published: May 2018

The anti-obesity effect of starch in a whole grain-like structural form.
Honey protects against cisplatin-induced hepatic and renal toxicity through inhibition of NF-κB-mediated COX-2 expression and the oxidative stress dependent BAX/Bcl-2/caspase-3 apoptotic pathway
Authors: Neamatallah Thikryat , El-Shitany Nagla A. , Abbas Aymn T. , Ali Soad S. , Eid Basma G.
Published: May 2018

The protective effects of both manuka and talh honeys were assessed using a rat model of cisplatin (CISP)-induced hepatotoxicity and nephrotoxicity.
Catalyst-free three-component synthesis of highly functionalized 2,3-dihydropyrroles
Authors: Wang Dong , Li Linna , Feng Hairong , Sun Hua , Almeida-Veloso Fabrice , Charavin Marine , Yu Peng , Désaubry Laurent
Published: May 2018

An efficient catalyst-free synthesis of fully substituted 2,3-dihydropyrroles has been achieved in one step through the three-component reaction of amines, aromatic aldehydes and α-ketoamides.
A toolbox for discrete modelling of cell signalling dynamics
Authors: Paterson Yasmin Z. , Shorthouse David , Pleijzier Markus W. , Piterman Nir , Bendtsen Claus , Hall Benjamin A. , Fisher Jasmin
Published: May 2018

We present a library of network motifs for the development of complex and realistic biological network models using the BioModelAnalyzer, and demonstrate their wider value by using them to construct a model of the cell cycle.
A comparative study of sheathing devices to increase robustness in inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometryviaa nitrogen flow
Authors: Scheffler Guilherme Luiz , Pozebon Dirce , Beauchemin Diane
Published: May 2018

Introducing a nitrogen sheathing gas around the aerosol systematically increases robustnessversusan Ar ICP irrespectively of sheathing device design.
Highly monodisperse beta-cyclodextrin-covellite nanoparticles for efficient photothermal and chemotherapy
Authors: Lu Feng , Wang Jinfeng , Tao Chao , Zhu Jun-Jie
Published: May 2018

A versatile nano-platform for theranostic applications was fabricated with beta-cyclodextrin conjugated covellite nanoparticles.
Superior one-pot synthesis of a doped graphene oxide electrode for a high power density supercapacitor
Authors: Duraivel Malarkodi , Nagappan Saravanan , Balamuralitharan B. , Selvam S. , Karthick S. N. , Prabakar K. , Ha Chang-Sik , Kim Hee-Je
Published: May 2018

The facile one-pot synthesis of sulfur-doped reduced graphene oxide results in a high powder density and easily reproducible electrode material.
Propylamine-containing magnetic ethyl-based organosilica with a core–shell structure: an efficient and highly stable nanocatalyst
Authors: Mirbagheri Reza , Elhamifar Dawood , Norouzi Meysam
Published: May 2018

A novel propylamine-containing magnetic organosilica is prepared and characterized, and its catalytic performance is investigated in the Knoevenagel reaction.
Photochemical rearrangement reactions of bicyclic molecules that contain a cyclopropane ring
Authors: Su Shih-Hao , Su Ming-Der
Published: May 2018

Our theoretical observations indicate that for [2.1.0], [3.1.0], [4.1.0], and [5.1.0] molecules, the quantum yields of the tautomeric keto forms are larger than those of the corresponding enol isomers.
Rhenium tricarbonyl complexes with arenethiolate axial ligands
Authors: He Menglan , Ching H. Y. Vincent , Policar Clotilde , Bertrand Helene C.
Published: May 2018

Pyta and Tapy-based [Re(N^N)(CO)3X] complexes with para-substituted benzenethiolates as axial ligand are reported along with their electrochemical and photophysical properties.
On the Structural Stability of MXene and the Role of Transition Metal Adatoms
Authors: Palisaitis Justinas , Persson Ingemar , Halim Joseph , Rosen Johanna , Persson Per O. Å.
Published: May 2018

We investigated the presence of adsorbed species on Nb2C MXene surfaces and their influence on the structural stability over time.
Size-tunable CsPbBr3 perovskite ring arrays for lasing
Authors: Xu Jingkun , Xu Shuhong , Qi Zhengqing , Wang Chunlei , Lu Changgui , Cui Yiping
Published: May 2018

The first reported CsPbBr3 perovskite ring array with tunable ring sizes from 2.6 μm to 16.9 μm was fabricated by using a 2D polystyrene colloidal crystal template and is expected to be used in the fields of display and lasers.
Au25(SR)18: the captain of the great nanocluster ship
Authors: Kang Xi , Chong Hanbao , Zhu Manzhou
Published: May 2018

Au25(SR)18, as the captain of the great nanocluster ship, is capable of reviewing the history and guiding the future of the nanoclusters.
Unexpected cyclization of 2-(2-aminophenyl)indoles with nitroalkenes to furnish indolo[3,2-c]quinolines
Authors: Aksenov Alexander V. , Aksenov Dmitrii A. , Griaznov Georgii D. , Aksenov Nicolai A. , Voskressensky Leonid G. , Rubin Michael
Published: May 2018

A novel synthetic route to the indoloquinoline core of the alkaloid isocryptolepine involving an unprecedented PPA-mediated reaction of 2-(2-aminophenyl)indenes with nitroalkenes is discovered.
New effort to synthesize star isotactic polypropylene
Authors: Liu Xinzhi , Niu Hui , Li Yang , Dong Jin-Yong
Published: May 2018

Star isotactic polypropylenes with adjustable arm numbers of 3–8 were synthesized via an efficient arm-first approach with two facile steps.
Controlled synthesis of diverse single-chain polymeric nanoparticles using polymers bearing furan-protected maleimide moieties
Authors: Zhou Yu , Qu Yangcui , Yu Qian , Chen Hong , Zhang Zhengbiao , Zhu Xiulin
Published: May 2018

This study is devoted to the control fabrication of SCNPs from the same precursor and exploring the surface properties of SCNP-made films.
Photoexcited perylene diimide radical anions for the reduction of aryl halides: a bay-substituent effect
Authors: Gong Hai-Xian , Cao Zhu , Li Meng-Hua , Liao Sai-Hu , Lin Mei-Jin
Published: May 2018

Photoexcited perylene diimide radical anions exhibit remarkable substituent-dependent photocatalytic activities towards the reduction of aryl halides, which are mainly controlled by their excited-state reduction potentials and SOMO−1 energies.
Helix loop-mediated isothermal amplification of nucleic acids
Authors: Mao Rui , Qi Lifei , Wang Zhuo , Liu Hongtao , Du Yuguang
Published: May 2018

In this study, a helix loop-mediated isothermal amplification (HAMP) method with high specificity, efficiency and rapidity was developed.
Nitrogen and sulfur co-doped graphene aerogel for high performance supercapacitors
Authors: Lu Zhiwei , Chen Yujuan , Liu Zhaoen , Li Aoqi , Sun Dong , Zhuo Kelei
Published: May 2018

A nitrogen and sulfur co-doped graphene aerogel (N/S-GA) was synthesised in one step, and N/S-GA based supercapacitors exhibited high performance.
Potentiation effect on accelerating diabetic wound healing using 2-N,6-O-sulfated chitosan-doped PLGA scaffold
Authors: Zhang Xiaohui , Liu Yang , Zhang Shuang , Shen Tong , Wang Jing , Liu Changsheng
Published: May 2018

This study provides an effective strategy by activation with growth factor and modulating the redox microenvironment of the diabetic wound to enhanced re-epithelialization.
A defective MOF architecture threaded by interlaced carbon nanotubes for high-cycling lithium–sulfur batteries
Authors: Pu Yujie , Wu Wubin , Liu Jianyu , Liu Tao , Ding Fei , Zhang Jing , Tang Zhiyuan
Published: May 2018

Abundant artificial linker-missing defects as active sites display superior chemisorption of LiPSs, which contribute to outstanding cycling performance in Li–S cells.
Ionic dynamics of the cation in organic–inorganic hybrid compound (CH3NH3)2MCl4(M = Cu and Zn) by1H MAS NMR,13C CP MAS NMR, and14N NMR
Authors: Lim Ae Ran
Published: May 2018

The ionic dynamics of (CH3NH3)2MCl4(M = Cu, Zn) by1H MAS NMR,13C CP MAS NMR, and14N NMR are investigated as a function of temperature with a focus on the role of the CH3NH3+cation.
Silicalite-1 zeolite acidification by zinc modification and its catalytic properties for isobutane conversion
Authors: Liu Guodong , Liu Jiaxu , He Ning , Miao Cuilan , Wang Jilei , Xin Qin , Guo Hongchen
Published: May 2018

Silicalite-1 zeolite was successfully acidified by zinc modification, the prepared Znx/S-1 catalysts exhibited excellent catalytic performances in both isobutane dehydrogenation and butene isomerization reactions.
Gated photochromic molecules with AIEgen: turn-on the photochromism with an oxidation reagent
Authors: Wang Leyu , Yu Tao , Xie Zongliang , Ubba Eethamukkala , Zhan Tianya , Yang Zhiyong , Zhang Yi , Chi Zhenguo
Published: May 2018

Gated photochromic molecule: switchable photochromic materials with AIEgen were achieved. Oxidation reagents act as gates to switch the photochromic properties.
A modelling approach to assess the long-term stability of a novel microbial/electrochemical system for the treatment of acid mine drainage
Authors: Brewster Emma Thompson , Pozo Guillermo , Batstone Damien J. , Freguia Stefano , Ledezma Pablo
Published: May 2018

Microbial electrochemical processes have potential to remediate acid mine drainage (AMD) wastewaters which are highly acidic and rich in sulfate and heavy metals, without the need for extensive chemical dosing.
Cu(ii) Schiff base complex intercalated into layered double hydroxide for selective oxidation of ethylbenzene under solvent-free conditions
Authors: Kirar Jagat Singh , Khare Savita
Published: May 2018

A heterogeneous catalytic system, LDH-[NAPABA–Cu(ii)]/TBHP gave maximum 80.54% conversion and 99.60% selectivity for acetophenone in oxidation of ethylbenzene and catalyst can be reused for seven cycles.
Janus or homogeneous nanoparticle mediated self-assembly of polymer electrolyte fuel cell membranes
Authors: Kobayashi Yusei , Arai Noriyoshi
Published: May 2018

We investigated the effect of the chemical nature of nanoparticles for the self-assembly of graft polymers. Hydrophilic nanoparticles had the largest effect in suppressing the diffusion of water because it is incorporated into the water particles.
Mussel-inspired bio-compatible free-standing adhesive films assembled layer-by-layer with water-resistance
Authors: Wang Dan , Zhang Jianfu , Zhong Yingjie , Chu Ming , Chang Wenyang , Yao Zhanhai
Published: May 2018

Mussel-inspired, water-resistant, free-standing adhesive films with high transmittance were fabricated with an environmentally friendly layer-by-layer process.
Bioinspired temporal supramolecular polymerization
Authors: Dhiman Shikha , Sarkar Aritra , George Subi J.
Published: May 2018

Nature's fuel-driven approach as a generic concept for structural and temporal regulation over biomimetic synthetic supramolecular polymerization.
Recent metal-catalysed approaches for the synthesis of cyclopenta[b]indoles
Authors: Vivekanand Thavaraj , Satpathi Bishnupada , Bankar Siddheshwar K. , Ramasastry S. S. V.
Published: May 2018

This review provides a summary of recent metal-catalysed approaches for the synthesis of cyclopenta[b]indoles.
Correction: The role of thermal annealing on the microstructures of (Ti, Fe)-alloyed Si thin-film anodes for high-performance Li-ion batteries
Authors: Oh Minsub , Kim Ilhwan , Lee Hoo-Jeong , Hyun Seungmin , Kang Chiwon
Published: May 2018

Correction for ‘The role of thermal annealing on the microstructures of (Ti, Fe)-alloyed Si thin-film anodes for high-performance Li-ion batteries’ by Minsub Oh et al., RSC Adv., 2018, 8, 9168–9174.
A new approach to supplementary instruction narrows achievement and affect gaps for underrepresented minorities, first-generation students, and women
Authors: Stanich Cynthia A. , Pelch Michael A. , Theobald Elli J. , Freeman Scott
Published: May 2018

To help students who traditionally underperform in general chemistry, we created a supplementary instruction (SI) course and called it the STEM-Dawgs Workshops. These workshops are an extension of the Peer-led Team Learning (PLTL) SI. In addition to peer-facilitated problem-solving, we incorporated two components inspired by learning sciences: (1) training in research-based study skills, and (2) evidence-based interventions targeting psychological and emotional support. Here we use an explanatory mixed methods approach to measure the impact of the STEM-Dawgs Workshops, with a focus on four sub-populations that are historically underrepresented in Chemistry: underrepresented minorities, females, low-income students, and first-generation students. Specifically, we compared three groups of students in the same General Chemistry course: students in general chemistry and not the workshops (“Gen Chem students”), students in the workshops (“STEM-Dawgs”), and students who volunteered for the workshops but did not get in (“Volunteers”). We tested hypotheses with regression models and conducted a series of focus group interviews with STEM-Dawgs. Compared to the Gen Chem population, the STEM-Dawg and Volunteer populations were enriched with students in all four under-represented sub-populations. Compared to Volunteers, STEM-Dawgs had increased exam scores, sense of belonging, perception of relevance, self-efficacy, and emotional satisfaction about chemistry. URM STEM-Dawgs had lower failure rates, and exam score achievement gaps that impacted first-generation and female Gen Chem students were eliminated in the STEM-Dawg population. Finally, female STEM-Dawgs had an increased sense of belonging and higher emotional satisfaction about chemistry than women Volunteers. Focus groups suggested that successes came in part from the supportive peer-learning environment and the relationships with peer facilitators. Together, our results indicate that this supplementary instruction model can raise achievement and improve affect for students who are underrepresented in chemistry.
Blue light-promoted photolysis of aryldiazoacetates
Authors: Jurberg Igor D. , Davies Huw M. L.
Published: May 2018

Aryldiazoacetates can undergo photolysis under blue light irradiation (460–490 nm) at room temperature and under air in the presence of numerous trapping agents, such as styrene, carboxylic acids, amines, alkanes and arenes, thus providing a straighforward and general platform for their mild functionalization.
Detection of analytes in mitochondria without interference from other sites based on an innovative ratiometric fluorophore
Authors: Ren Tian-Bing , Zhang Qian-Ling , Su Dongdong , Zhang Xing-Xing , Yuan Lin , Zhang Xiao-Bing
Published: May 2018

A new strategy that integrates the targeting group and response moiety together for the preparation of mitochondrial probe was developed. Bioimaging studies have shown that for the first time, the newly designed probeHDFL-Cyscan first accumulate in mitochondria and then react with the analyte.
An N-heterocyclic carbene ligand promotes highly selective alkyne semihydrogenation with copper nanoparticles supported on passivated silica
Authors: Kaeffer Nicolas , Liu Hsueh-Ju , Lo Hung-Kun , Fedorov Alexey , Copéret Christophe
Published: May 2018

Binding of an N-heterocyclic carbene to Cu nanoparticles on passivated silica enables high selectivity in alkyne semihydrogenation.
Liquid crystal polymers with motile surfaces
Authors: Visschers Fabian L. L. , Hendrikx Matthew , Zhan Yuanyuan , Liu Danqing
Published: May 2018

In analogy with developments in soft robotics it is anticipated that soft robotic functions at surfaces of objects may have a large impact on human life with respect to comfort, health, medical care and energy.
Recent progressive efforts in perovskite solar cells toward commercialization
Authors: Kim Byeong Jo , Lee Sangwook , Jung Hyun Suk
Published: May 2018

This review articles presents a recent progress of continuous process for perovskite module and related issue for the commercialization step of perovskite solar cells.
Tunable porous carbon spheres for high-performance rechargeable batteries
Authors: Tian Huajun , Wang Tianyi , Zhang Fan , Zhao Shuoqing , Wan Steven , He Fengrong , Wang Guoxiu
Published: May 2018

A review focusing on the tunable pore structure design, surface chemistry, composition, and electrochemical performances of PCSs in various types of rechargeable batteries in order to provide insight and inspiration for promoting the development of next-generation high-performance batteries.
The synthesis, chain-packing simulation and long-term gas permeability of highly selective spirobifluorene-based polymers of intrinsic microporosity
Authors: Bezzu C. Grazia , Carta Mariolino , Ferrari Maria-Chiara , Jansen Johannes C. , Monteleone Marcello , Esposito Elisa , Fuoco Alessio , Hart Kyle , Liyana-Arachchi T. P. , Colina Coray M. , McKeown Neil B.
Published: May 2018

Methyl or t-butyl substituted spirobifluorenes greatly enhance PIM permeability.
An aqueous Zn–MnO2 rechargeable microbattery
Authors: Sun Guoqiang , Jin Xuting , Yang Hongsheng , Gao Jian , Qu Liangti
Published: May 2018

An aqueous rechargeable micro-Zn–MnO2 battery with high voltage output and good cycling performance is fabricated via simple laser-assisted machining and electrochemical deposition technology.
Highly efficient field emission properties of radially aligned carbon nanotubes
Authors: Tripathi Prashant , Gupta Bipin Kumar , Bhatnagar Ashish , Patel C. R. P. , Banker Prashant K. , Late Dattatray J. , More Mahendra A. , Lalla N. P. , Phase D. M. , Choudhary R. J. , Shaz M. A. , Ajayan P. M. , Srivastava O. N.
Published: May 2018

Demonstration of a multi-stacked carbon hollow cylinder made up of radially aligned CNTs for field emission measurement.
EBF1 gene polymorphism and its interaction with smoking and drinking on the risk of coronary artery disease for Chinese patients
Authors: Ying Yongjun , Luo Yuxuan , Peng Hui
Published: May 2018

Objective: Early B-cell factor 1 (EBF1) is a transcription factor that is expressed in early B-cells, adipocytes, and olfactory neurons, and is essential for the maturation of early B lymphocytes. The present study analyzes the influence of EBF1 gene polymorphism and its interaction with smoking and drinking on the risk of coronary artery disease (CAD). Methods: In the present study, 243 CAD cases were enrolled as the CAD group and 215 non-CAD patients as the control group by case–control study. We analyzed their genotypes of the rs987401919, rs36071027, and rs1056065671 loci of the EBF1 gene by Sanger sequencing and detected their content of HDL-C, LDL-C, and TG. Results: The C allele at the rs987401919 and rs36071027 loci of EBF1 was found to be the risk factor for CAD (Odds ratio, OR = 1.233; 95% confidence interval, CI: 1.039–1.421; P=0.017; OR = 1.487; 95% CI: 1.015–1.823; P=0.042). The interaction between single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) of the rs987401919 and rs36071027 loci and smoking and drinking were distinctly associated with the incidence of CAD (P<0.05). The content of systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), HDL-C, LDL-C, and TG was distinctly changed after gene mutation at the rs987401919 and rs36071027 loci (P<0.05). Conclusion: The results of the present study show that the mutation (CT+TT) at the rs987401919 and rs36071027 loci of EBF1 and its interaction with smoking and drinking are risk factors for CAD, and that the mechanism may be related to the changes in blood pressure and blood lipid content.
Elastohydrodynamic lubrication and wear modelling of the knee joint replacements with surface topography
Authors: Gao Leiming , Hua Zikai , Hewson Robert , Andersen Michael Skipper , Jin Zhongmin
Published: May 2018

This numerical study predicted wear of lubricated total knee replacements with the existing of textured surface and the possibility of surface designs to reduce wear. In the first part, a wear model of metal‐on‐polyethylene total knee replacement was developed. The medial and lateral knee compartments was accounted for separately, with the contact force and motion during walking cycles applied. An adapted Archard wear formula was employed where the wear factor was an exponential function of the ‘Lambda ratio’ (film thickness to the average roughness). Wear of the soft bearing surface (polyethylene insert) was simulated with regularly geometry update until a steady‐state wear observed. In the second part, the effect of surface topography of the knee replacements was investigated. The surface texturing techniques have shown promising benefit to machine components in many areas of engineering practice. The texture parameters were designed using the Taguchi method for the geometry, size, and distribution of the micro dimples. It was observed that the lateral compartment may benefit from surface texturing if dimples were properly designed, while the texturing showed hardly advantageous effect on the medial surface in terms of lubrication enhancement and wear reduction. Some results were presented in the 6th World Tribology Conference.
Adjustable PAPR reduction for DFT‐s‐OFDM via improved general precoding scheme
Authors: Cho L. , Liao H.‐C. , Hsu C.‐Y.
Published: May 2018

An improved and specification‐compatible general precoding scheme (GPC) for adjustable peak‐to‐average power ratio (PAPR) reduction in discrete Fourier transform spread orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (DFT‐s‐OFDM) is proposed. Through the rearrangement of periodic padding for precoded data symbols in the GPC precoding matrix, the proposed algorithm does not increase any computational complexity compared to the original GPC. The LTE‐based simulation shows the proposed algorithm has a better improvement of PAPR reduction especially in low‐order modulations and the performances can be scaled to the other transmission bandwidth. These works contribute to the flexibility of DFT‐s‐OFDM for supporting 5G transmission over miscellaneous power amplifiers.
Measurement of instantaneous heart rate using radar echoes from the human head
Authors: Sakamoto T. , Muragaki M. , Tamura K. , Okumura S. , Sato T. , Mizutani K. , Inoue K. , Fukuda T. , Sakai H.
Published: May 2018

The feasibility of measuring heart rate using radar echoes from a human head is demonstrated. Non‐contact measurement of vital signs using radar has been attracting much attention because such technologies can breakthrough benefits for monitoring health conditions without electrodes or wearable devices. Most existing studies have measured echoes from the torso, particularly the chest wall. However, this is difficult because of multiple interfering reflections from the complex shape of the torso and other body parts, such as limbs. The current study is the first demonstration that non‐contact heart rate measurement can be easily achieved using echoes from the human head. There are two important advantages of measurement from the human head: (i) the simple shape of the head makes an ideal radar target with only a single reflection, and (ii) the other undesired echoes can be removed using time‐gating when an ultra‐wideband radar is used. Nonetheless, because the displacement of the human head due to heart rate is small, a millimetre‐wave ultra‐wideband array radar system is developed, which is installed on the ceiling and used in the proposed measurements with participants.
Performance assessment of correlated Rayleigh‐inverse Gaussian fading channel over distributed MIMO systems with ZF detectors
Authors: Bhusan Pradhan Bibhuti , Prosad Roy Lakshi
Published: May 2018

Composite fading channel modelling of terrestrial wireless propagation is crucial for the design of communication system and its performance analysis. In this study, a systematic characterisation of Rayleigh‐inverse Gaussian (RIG) distribution is provided for modelling the channel of distributed multiple‐input multiple‐output (MIMO) systems with zero‐forcing (ZF) receiver in the presence of transmit antenna correlation. At the outset, the closed‐form expression for probability density function of instantaneous signal‐to‐noise ratio (SNR) is derived followed by its associated moments and cumulative density function. In the subsequent analysis, exact closed‐form analytical expression of ergodic capacity with its bounds are derived and their asymptotic expressions are obtained in high and low SNR regime. Then the closed‐form expressions are deduced for average symbol error rate (ASER) and outage probability (OP). Additionally, the authors propose to formulate simplified expressions for asymptotic ASER as well as OP and assess their approximation accuracy. Numerical results are presented to compare the performance of RIG model with the existing generic models and illustrate that RIG is superior in terms of ergodic capacity, ASER and OP. Finally, the derived analytical expressions are validated through Monte Carlo simulations which demonstrate the effectiveness of RIG model in the diverse environmental scenario for various system and channel parameters.
Decentralised PEV charging coordination to absorb surplus wind energy via stochastically staggered dual‐tariff schemes considering feeder‐level regulations
Authors: Liu Peng , Yu Jilai , Mohammed Eissa
Published: May 2018

Wind energy curtailment has increasingly concerned the electric power industry. To absorb the surplus wind energy, a decentralised programme is presented via stochastically staggered dual tariffs for the coordination of plug‐in electric vehicle (PEV) chargers. The programme consists of two stages: day ahead and real time. In the day‐ahead stage, two steps are performed. First, the dual‐tariff schemes are identified at the transmission level based on a charging coordination integrated unit commitment (CCIUC) model. Second, they are adjusted at the feeder level via a security check and correction (SCC) algorithm to ensure bus voltages, feeder currents and losses within desired limits. The CCIUC model and SCC algorithm incorporate a novel aggregated charging load model to grasp the integrated knowledge of PEVs in reacting to dual‐tariff signals in an ex ante manner, which avoids real‐time iterations between PEVs and systems. In the real‐time stage, the individual charging pattern is produced for cost minimisation at the charging device level by a novel local coordination model. Simulation results show that the proposed program enables: (i) enhanced efficiencies on absorbing surplus wind energy at the transmission level; (ii) well considerations on satisfying regulation requirements at the feeder level.
Loop‐shaping method based current sharing controller design for parallel DC/DC converters
Authors: You Jiang , Vilathgamuwa Mahinda , Ghasemi Negareh
Published: May 2018

Power supplies with several paralleled DC/DC converters are usually used for high reliability purposes owing to their advantage in terms of redundancy and modularisation. However, current unbalance due to parameter deviations among the paralleled converters might deteriorate the whole system reliability and results in excessive thermal and device stress in some individual modules. In this study, an equivalent transfer function derived from the output impedance and the voltage control loop gain. Also, a loop‐shaping based robust control method is employed to design a current sharing controller utilising the proposed transfer function. Simulation and experimental results are presented to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method for the parallel DC/DC converter performance improvement.
Wer soll den älteren Dialysepatienten behandeln?
Authors: Brunkhorst Reinhard
Published: May 2018

Ältere Patienten, auch Dialysepatienten, werden im Krankenhaus zunehmend in Abteilungen für Akutgeriatrie behandelt. Der Schwerpunkt akutgeriatrischer Behandlung
chronisch kranker, über 70-jähriger, multimorbider Patienten liegt auf Maßnahmen der physikalischen Therapie (v. a. Physiotherapie, Ergotherapie) mit dem Ziel,
die Patienten wieder in ihr soziales Umfeld einzugliedern. Viele Dialysepatienten erfüllen die Kriterien für eine solche sog. akutgeriatrische
Komplexbehandlung, die den Krankenhäusern hohe Erlöse ermöglicht. Dialysepatienten benötigen jedoch häufig kurzfristig spezielle medizinische Maßnahmen, die am
ehesten von einem erfahrenen Nephrologen erkannt und behandelt werden können. Es besteht die Gefahr, das schwerkranke Dialysepatienten mit akuten Erkrankungen,
die einer raschen akutmedizinischen Therapie durch Spezialisten bedürfen (Infektionen, Koronarerkrankungen, periphere Gefäßerkrankungen u.v. a.), durch eine in
erster Linie geriatrische Behandlungsführung Schaden nehmen.
Gemeinsam gegen die Angst
Authors: Mattenklotz Joergen
Published: May 2018

Was ist Angst, wie äußert sie sich und welche Begleitung brauchen Menschen mit einer Angststörung in der pflegerischen Praxis? Diese Fragen beleuchtet unser
Autor und gibt praktische Tipps, wie Pflegende den Angstkreislauf bei Patienten durchbrechen können.
Verwahrt, abtransportiert und getötet
Authors: Sedetzki Maria , Rungg Christine , Perkhofer Susanne
Published: May 2018

Die Auseinandersetzung mit der Vergangenheit hilft oft, um die Gegenwart zu verstehen und zukünftige Entwicklungen besser einschätzen zu können. Deshalb beschäftigen wir uns in dieser und der nächsten Ausgabe mit dem vermutlich dunkelsten Kapitel der Psychiatriegeschichte: der Verwahrung und Tötung psychisch kranker Menschen im Nationalsozialismus. Im ersten Teil schildern wir die menschenunwürdige Behandlung am Beispiel der Heil- und Pflegeanstalt Hall in Tirol.
Der große Durchbruch der Eigensinnigkeit?
Authors: Kuntz Anja
Published: May 2018

Seit ein paar Jahren taucht ein scheinbar neuer Begriff am Psychiatriehimmel auf: Peer-Arbeit. Das heißt, Kranke behandeln Kranke – und was machen die professionell Tätigen, auch Fachpersonen genannt? Klar, die dürfen natürlich auch weiterhin behandeln. Aber wo liegen die Unterschiede? Entwickelt sich hier eine neue Art der Zusammenarbeit und gemeinsamen Behandlung – oder machen wir das nicht eh schon immer so?
Darüber lacht man doch nicht, oder?
Authors: Schlich Melanie
Published: May 2018

Wie passen Humor und Suizidalität zusammen? Auf den ersten Blick gar nicht, lautet die vorherrschende Meinung. Unsere Autorin nähert sich diesem vermeintlichen Tabubruch unter einem anderen Blickwinkel und plädiert dafür, mehr Humor in den psychiatrischen Pflegealltag zu integrieren.
Neuer Stellenwert des PFO-Verschlusses in der klinischen Praxis
Authors: Ziemann Ulf
Published: May 2018

Was tun bei Patienten mit kryptogenem Schlaganfall und persistierendem Foramen Ovale (PFO)? Nach bisheriger Datenlagen wurden durch die neurologischen und kardiologischen Leitlinien in aller Regel eine sekundärprophylaktische Therapie mit einem Thrombozytenfunktionshemmer empfohlen. Drei im September 2017 im New England Journal of Medicine publizierte Studien (CLOSE, REDUCE, RESPECT-Langzeitdaten) verändern die Datenlage: hiernach ist der PFO-Verschluss gegenüber einer rein medikamentösen thrombozytenfunktionshemmenden Therapie sekundärprophylaktisch besser wirksam, allerdings nur bei ausgewählten Patienten. In diesem Beitrag werden die neuen Studien und ihre Wertigkeit inklusive zahlreicher offener Fragen kritisch besprochen.
Kognitive Störungen nach OP und Anästhesie
Authors: Saller Thomas , von Dossow Vera , Zwißler Bernhard
Published: May 2018

Kognitive Störungen kommen im perioperativen Ablauf häufig vor. Delirante Symptome sind insbesondere bei älteren Patienten häufig und können im Verlauf zu
schweren kognitiven Einschränkungen führen, die auch unabhängig von einem Delir auftreten. Man spricht von Postoperativer Kognitiver Dysfunktion (POCD). Der
Artikel gibt einen Überblick über Risikofaktoren und beschreibt perioperative Strategien für Risikostratifizierung, Früherkennung und Prophylaxe kognitiver
Störungen. Ein besonderes Augenmerk liegt dabei auf der ständig zunehmenden Gruppe älterer Menschen.
Discrepancies Between Nomenclature and Indications of Psychotropics
Authors: Minami Fusaka , Zohar Joseph , Suzuki Takefumi , Koizumi Teruki , Mimura Masaru , Yagi Gohei , Uchida Hiroyuki
Published: May 2018

Introduction While the current nomenclature of psychotropic drugs is disease-based, their approved indications do not always match their classifications.

Methods Information on approved indications of “second-generation antipsychotics” and “newer antidepressants” that are available in the United States (US), the United Kingdom (UK), France, Germany, and Japan were extracted from their packet inserts.

Results A significant proportion of “atypical antipsychotics” were approved for psychiatric conditions other than psychotic disorders (i. e., bipolar disorder, major depressive disorder, and autistic disorder) as follows: 76.9% in the US, 66.7% in the UK, 66.7% in France, 60.0% in Germany, and 44.4% in Japan. Likewise, more than half of “newer antidepressants” had approved indications for psychiatric conditions other than depression (e. g., panic disorder, obsessive compulsive disorder, social anxiety disorder, general anxiety disorder, and post-traumatic stress disorder): 56.3% in the US, 69.2% in the UK, 69.2% in France, 50.0% in Germany, and 62.5% in Japan.

Conclusions Our results raise concerns regarding generic terminologies of “antipsychotics” and “antidepressants” since the conventional indication-based nomenclature does not fit well with the official indication.
Effectiveness of a Crocus sativus Extract on Burn Wounds in Rats
Authors: Alemzadeh Esmat , Oryan Ahmad
Published: May 2018

Crocus sativus is a spice with various pharmacological properties. Crocin, picrocrocin, and safranal are the main compositions of saffron that have recently been considered in the therapy of many diseases. High-performance liquid chromatography analysis revealed presence of these compounds in our saffron extract. This study was carried out to evaluate the effect of saffron on burn wound healing at an in vivo model. Saffron was topically applied on burn wounds in rats; the percentage of wound closure, wound contraction, and the levels of main cytokines and growth factors were measured. The saffron extract was also applied to evaluate the proliferation and migration of human dermal fibroblast (HDF) cells using in vitro scratch assay and resulted in active proliferation and migration of the HDF cells in a dose-dependent manner. A clear enhanced healing was observed in the saffron-treated wounds compared to the silver sulfadiazine and negative control groups. Decreased expression of interleukin-1β and transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1) during the inflammatory phase demonstrated the role of saffron in promoting wound healing. In addition, enhanced TGF-β1 expression during the proliferative phase and basic fibroblast growth factor during the remodeling phase represented regenerative and anti-scarring role of saffron, respectively. Our histological and biochemical findings also confirmed that saffron significantly stimulated burn wound healing by modulating healing phases. Therefore, saffron can be an optimal option in promoting skin repair and regeneration. Application of this herbal medicinal drug should be encouraged because of its availability and negligible side effects.
Substrate-Controlled Regioselective Iodooxygenation of Olefins
Authors: Li Xiaoqing , Xu Xiangsheng , Chen Kun , Tang Yucai , Zhu Huanhuan , Chen Feng , Yan Xinhuan
Published: May 2018

An unexpected regioselective I2/TBHP-mediated 1,2-iodo­oxygenation of alkenes with N-hydroxylamines is described. The reaction proceeds through a radical coupling mechanism or a iodonium mechanism, which is controlled by the structures of both N-hydroxylamines and alkenes, to form vicinal iodo-substituted N-alkoxyamines regioselectively. Both the iodo and alkoxyamine group of the resulting products offer rich possibilities of synthetic manipulations.
Myositis and Fasciitis: Role of Imaging
Authors: Miller Theodore , Endo Yoshimi
Published: May 2018

Imaging plays an important role in the evaluation of patients presenting with possible myositis, with magnetic resonance imaging the most appropriate modality but ultrasound also playing a complementary role. This article reviews the imaging appearance of the inflammatory myopathies, other forms of myositis, and mimickers of myositis, with a discussion of distinguishing features for each entity. The fascia and disease processes that preferentially involve the fascia are also reviewed.
Global Neurology: Navigating Career Possibilities
Authors: Saylor Deanna , Zunt Joseph , Schiess Nicoline
Published: May 2018

Neurology has not typically been associated with international relief work; however, with the growth of chronic cardiovascular disease and stroke associated with unhealthy eating and sedentary ways, the appearance of “new” neurologic diseases, such as the Zika and West Nile viruses, and the high numbers of seizure disorders resulting from neuroinfectious diseases, more opportunities are arising for international and globally oriented neurologists. Multiple opportunities exist for developing a global clinician–educator career pathway, including private institutions, nongovernmental organizations, government-funded opportunities such as Medical Education Partnership Initiative, Fogarty and Fulbright Scholarships, and the American Academy of Neurology's Global Health Section. Furthermore, increasing research capacity in developing countries and increased funding opportunities for global health research have led to new opportunities for neurologists to establish global health research careers. These opportunities could not have come at a better time, as many faculty members have noted a particularly strong interest in global neurology from medical students and residents. Career categories and opportunities for neurologists desiring to work globally are discussed along with the emerging “global neurologist” academic pathway.
Magnetic Compression Anastomosis in Long-Gap Esophageal Atresia Gross Type A: A Case Report
Authors: Ellebaek Mark , Qvist Niels , Rasmussen Lars
Published: May 2018

Esophageal atresia (EA) Gross type A (long-gap without tracheoesophageal fistula) is a rare and a surgical challenging form of EA that constitutes ∼6% of the children born with EA. We present the seventh reported case with successful esophagoesophagostomy obtained by magnetic compression of a long-gap EA type A without thoracotomy.
Open Replacement of the Thoracoabdominal Aorta: Short- and Long-term Outcomes at a Single Institution
Authors: Carino Davide , Erben Young , Zafar Mohammad , Singh Mrinal , Brownstein Adam , Tranquilli Maryann , Rizzo John , Ziganshin Bulat , Elefteriades John
Published: May 2018

Background Despite much progress in the surgical and endovascular treatment of thoracoabdominal aortic diseases (TAADs), there is no consensus regarding the optimal approach to minimize operative mortality and end-organ dysfunction. We report our experience in the past 16 years treating TAAD by open surgery.

Methods A retrospective review of all TAAD patients who underwent an open repair since January 2000 was performed. The primary endpoints included early morbidity and mortality, and the secondary endpoints were overall death and rate of aortic reintervention.

Results There were 112 patients treated by open surgery for TAAD. Mean age was 66 ± 10 years and 61 (54%) were male. Seventy-seven (69%) patients had aneurysmal degeneration without aortic dissection and the remaining 35 (31%) had a concomitant aortic dissection. There were 12 deaths (10.7%) and they were equally distributed between the aneurysm and dissection groups (p = 0.8). The mortality for elective surgery was 3.2% (2/61). The rate of permanent paraplegia and stroke were each 2.6% (3/112). The rate of cerebrovascular accident was significantly higher in the dissection group (8.5% vs. 1.2%, p = 0.05). The survival at 1, 5, and 10 years was 80.6, 56.1, and 32.7%, respectively.

Conclusion Our data confirm that open replacement of the thoracoabdominal aorta can be performed in expert centers quite safely. Different aortic pathologies (degenerative aneurysm vs. dissection) do not influence the short- and long-term outcomes. Open surgery should still be considered the standard in the management of TAAD.
Management of Isolated Capitate Nonunion: A Case Series and Literature Review
Authors: Jethanandani Rishabh , Rancy Schneider , Corpus Keith , Yao Jeffrey , Wolfe Scott
Published: May 2018

Background Isolated capitate nonunion is rare. No consensus on the appropriate treatment for this condition exists.

Case Description We reported two cases of capitate fracture nonunion presenting several months after untreated high-impact wrist trauma. Treatment was delayed as both patients' nonunions were missed on conventional radiographs. Both were ultimately diagnosed with advanced imaging and successfully treated with internal fixation and autogenous bone grafting. The relevant literature pertaining to capitate nonunion was reviewed.

Literature Review Immobilization and internal fixation with bone grafting for capitate nonunion have been described in the literature. Loss of vascular supply and progression to avascular necrosis is a concern after capitate nonunion.

Clinical Relevance We present two cases and review the literature on the diagnosis and treatment of this rare injury to guide management. Internal fixation with autogenous bone grafting could play a role in management for this rare condition.
The Global Neurological Burden of Tuberculosis
Authors: Das Mitashee , Dooley Kelly , Gupta Amita , Thakur Kiran
Published: May 2018

Central nervous system (CNS) involvement of tuberculosis (TB) is the most severe manifestation of TB and accounts for approximately 5 to 10% of all extrapulmonary TB (EPTB) cases and approximately 1% of all TB cases. TB meningitis (TBM) is the most common form of CNS TB, though other forms occur, often in conjunction with TBM, including intracranial tuberculomas, tuberculous brain abscesses, and spinal tubercular arachnoiditis. CNS TB often presents with nonspecific clinical features that mimic symptoms of other neurological conditions, often making diagnosis difficult. Defining neuroimaging characteristics of TBM include thick basal meningeal enhancement, hydrocephalus, and parenchymal infarctions most commonly involving the basal ganglia and internal capsule. Traditional cerebrospinal fluid sample analysis frequently requires lengthy times-to-result and have low sensitivity. Given the pitfalls of conventional CNS TB diagnostic methods, various molecular-based methods, including immunoassays and polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-based assays have emerged as alternative diagnostic tools due to their rapidity, sensitivity, and specificity. Expert panels on TBM have recently emphasized the need for standard research procedures with updated case definitions and standardized study methods, which will hopefully pave the way for more robust multicenter international studies. In this article, we review the epidemiology, diagnosis, molecular factors associated with disease presentation and outcome, and treatment of CNS TB.
B3GALNT2-Related Dystroglycanopathy: Expansion of the Phenotype with Novel Mutation Associated with Muscle-Eye-Brain Disease, Walker–Warburg Syndrome, Epileptic Encephalopathy-West Syndrome, and Sensorineural Hearing Loss
Authors: Al Dhaibani Muna , El-Hattab Ayman , Ismayl Omar , Suleiman Jehan
Published: May 2018

Mutations in B3GALNT2, encoding a glycosyltransferase enzyme involved in α-dystroglycan glycosylation, have been recently associated with dystroglycanopathy, a well-recognized subtype of congenital muscular dystrophy (CMD). Only a few cases have been reported with B3GALNT2-related dystroglycanopathy with variable severity ranging from mild CMD to severe muscle-eye-brain disease. Here, we describe a child with a novel homozygous nonsense mutation in B3GALNT2. The affected child has severe neurological disease since birth, including muscle disease manifested as hypotonia, muscle weakness, and wasting with elevated creatine kinase, eye disease including microphthalmia and blindness, brain disease with extensive brain malformations including massive hydrocephalus, diffuse cobblestone-lissencephaly, deformed craniocervical junction, and pontocerebellar hypoplasia. The clinical and radiologic findings are compatible with a diagnosis of severe muscle-eye-brain disease and more specifically Walker–Warburg syndrome. A more distinct aspect of the clinical phenotype in this child is the presence of refractory epilepsy in the form of epileptic spasms, epileptic encephalopathy, and West syndrome, as well as sensorineural hearing loss. These findings could expand the phenotype of B3GALNT2-related dystroglycanopathy. In this report, we also provide a detailed review of previously reported cases with B3GALNT2-related dystroglycanopathy and compare them to our reported child. In addition, we study the genotype–phenotype correlation in these cases.
Past and Present: A Review of Antenatal Corticosteroids and Recommendations for Late Preterm Birth Steroids
Authors: Too Gloria , Saade George , Gyamfi-Bannerman Cynthia , Dixon C.
Published: May 2018

Since 1972, the beneficial neonatal effects of antenatal corticosteroids (ACSs) have been repeatedly demonstrated in pregnancies at risk of preterm birth before 34 weeks' gestation. While ACS utilization before 34 weeks has been high since the 1990s, knowledge gaps regarding the risks and benefits of ACS continue to exist. Recent evidence has been published regarding the benefit of ACS in the late preterm period. This review addresses the evidence and knowledge gaps for ACS use before and after 34 weeks' gestation. We also provide recommendations for ACS use in the late preterm period.