bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Educación y virtualidad: una apuesta posible
Authors: Cerini Lucrecia , Barzola Paola , Churruarín Mariana , Rígoli Analía , Hormaiztegui Luján ,  Martínez María Esperanza
Published: December 2021

Durante el año 2020 la pandemia por COVID-19 irrumpió en las condiciones concretas de existencia y de la cotidianeidad de la población mundial. El mundo entero se enfrentó a un fenómeno sin precedentes e impensado hasta el momento. La educación universitaria se vio obligada a establecer nuevos modos para llevar adelante las clases: los entornos virtuales de aprendizaje.

Específicamente, los espacios curriculares de prácticas profesionales supervisadas tuvieron el desafío de rediseñar las prácticas en terreno –planificadas generalmente desde la presencialidad física– de modos novedosos, diferentes, más allá de lo establecido por las pautas académicas prescriptas en torno a estas actividades.

Integramos un equipo de cátedra que lleva adelante uno de los espacios curriculares de práctica previstos en la Licenciatura de Psicología, de la Facultad de Humanidades, Artes y Ciencias Sociales, Universidad Autónoma de Entre Ríos: la Práctica Profesional Supervisada (PPNS) en Grupo, Organización, Institución y Comunidad.

En este escrito, intentaremos hacer un recorrido por la experiencia de recrear un espacio académico en entornos virtuales de aprendizaje. Asimismo, reflexionaremos sobre la complejidad que ello requirió al momento de pensar una práctica desde lo posible en un escenario de pandemia y aislamiento.

Fecha de recepción: 4/5/201Fecha de aceptación: 6/7/2021
Entrevista a la Dra. María del Carmen Castells
Authors: Luna María Virginia
Published: December 2021

Compartimos una conversación mantenida con la Dra. María del Carmen Castells a propósito de la publicación de su libro Impresiones sobre educación. Enunciados y saberes en torno a la crisis educativa en libros editados en Argentina en el período 1990-2005 (Prohistoria, 2018). Mariquita, con larga trayectoria en investigación y docencia en la universidad, recupera el proceso de hechura del texto y un conjunto de problematizaciones que tienen hondas implicancias actuales.

Para anticipar algunas referencias sobre la obra, vale decir que en la sucesión de publicaciones contemporáneas sobre educación ese libro sale al cruce mostrándonos algo peculiar: nos permite extrañarnos acerca de qué decimos sobre educación, puesto que analiza cómo estas maneras de decir -que se van asentando en textos o líneas de investigación- tienen trazados insospechados. La investigación que expone realiza cortes históricos que inician en la década de 1980 y se extienden hasta los primeros años del nuevo siglo tomando al «libro» impreso como pieza de análisis. Disecciona y compone una parte muy importante del campo enunciativo de la educación, que es aquel que se tramó en torno a la noción de crisis. Campo que va reconstruyendo desde las incidencias de las políticas editoriales, las políticas públicas y el campo intelectual de la educación. Toma una dirección difícil: la arqueología de Michel Foucault. Pablo Rodríguez (2019) dice que existe un Foucault que sale «de memoria»: el de las «disciplinas». Un «nuevo» Foucault que se descubre justamente bajo un efecto editorial: el de la publicación de los cursos de los años 1970 y 1980 que hace que hoy sea «dicho» desde la atención a la biopolítica y la gubernamentalidad. Entre estos dos, el Foucault arqueólogo parecería perimido. Sin embargo, por fuera de esta comprobación, en esta entrevista la autora destaca el potencial heurístico de la arqueología y nos invita a interrogarnos acerca de qué decimos sobre educación y cuáles han sido las condiciones de posibilidad para hacerlo.
El turismo oscuro como tipología turística emergente: el caso de Córdoba
Authors: Hernández Rojas Ricardo
Published: December 2021

En el caso de Córdoba existen diferentes modalidades de turismo oscuro entre las que destacan dos subsegmentos desde el punto de vista potencial de la demanda: el llamado turismo de misterio  y el turismo de cementerios.
Kızılbaşlıkla İtham Edilen Bir Nakîbü’l-Eşrâf Seyyid Mahmut Efendi’nin Hayatı ve Şeceresi
Authors: IŞIK Ayhan
Published: December 2021

Osmanlı Devleti’nde “Feyzullah Efendizâdeler” olarak ün kazanmış Şeyhülislâm Feyzullah Efendi’nin ailesi, torunları, damatları ve akrabaları, ilmiye teşkilatı içerisinde birçok kademede görev almıştır. Özellikle Şeyhülislâm Feyzullah Efendi’nin oğlu Fethullah Efendi, torunları Mehmet Kamil Efendi, Abdullah Efendi, torununun oğlu Mehmet Emin Efendi, damadı Mahmut Efendi ve daha birçokları Hz. Peygamber’in nesebine mensup olmaları sebebiyle Nakîbü’l-eşrâflık yapmıştır.

Şeyhülislâm Feyzullah Efendi, ulemâ aileleriyle bağlarını kuvvetlendirmek amacıyla kızlarını evlendirirken damatlarının da seyyid olmaları hususuna dikkat etmiştir. Kendisi Hz. Peygamber’in nesebine mensup olduğundan kızı Âmine Hanım’ı Nakîbü’l-eşrâf Mahmut Efendi ile evlendirmiştir.

Seyyidlerin şecerelerini düzenlemek ve onların işleriyle ilgilenmek üzere Nakîbü’leşrâf tayin edilen Mahmut Efendi, kayınpederi Şeyhülislâm Feyzullah Efendi’nin başından geçen siyasî olaylardan olumsuz etkilenmiştir. Edirne Vakası, o dönemde Mahmut Efendi ve eşi Âmine Hanım ile ilgili birçok siyasî, ictimaî ve dinî asılsız bilgilerin ortaya atılmasına ve yayılmasına sebebiyet vermiştir. Bunlardan bir tanesi de Âmine Hanım’ın “kızılbaş” olduğu iddiasıdır. Bu sebeple Nakîbü’l-eşrâf Mahmut Efendi de kızılbaşlıkla itham edilmiştir.

Bu makalede “Nakîbü’l-eşrâf Mahmut Efendi’nin ailesi ve hizmet hayatı”, “Mahmut Efendi dönemi siyasi olayları ve Kızılbaşlıkla itham edilmesi” ve “Nakîbü’l-eşrâf Mahmut Efendi’nin terekesi” ele alınmıştır. Nakîbü’l-eşrâf Mahmut Efendi’nin şeceresi ve terekesi incelenerek ilmî kariyeri, iktisadî durumu ve hizmet hayatı hakkında bilgi verilmiştir. Ayrıca “kızılbaşlık” iddialarının asılsız olduğu ispatlanmaya çalışılmıştır. Şeriyye Sicilleri Arşivi Kısmet-i Askeriye Mahkemesi’ndeki terekesinden istifade edilerek aile bireyleri, çocukları, torunları, gulam, cariye ve utekası tespit edilmiştir. Böylece makalemizin, Nakîbü’l-eşrâf Mahmut Efendi’nin şeceresiyle nesebine, terekesiyle ailesine ve sosyoekonomikdüzeyine, hizmet hayatıyla Nakîbü’l-eşrâf olarak ilmiye teşkilatı içerisindeki konumuna ayna tutması hedeflenmiştir.
Hz. Âdem’e Öğretilen İsimler: İslâmî İlimlerde Dilin Kökeni, Modern Bilimlerde Dilin Önemi
Authors: KAHRAMAN Ferruh
Published: December 2021

Çalışmanın konusu Hz. Âdem’e öğretilen isimler ve bu isimlerin dille ilişkisidir. Problemi ise Hz. Âdem’e öğretilen isimlerin dil olup olmadığıdır. İslâm âlimleri ta‘lîmü’l-esmâya üç türlü yorum getirmiştir ki bunlar; varlığın isimleri, insanın kabiliyeti ve insanın konuşma özelliği dildir. Bu çalışmada ta‘lîmü’l-esmâya getirilen üçüncü görüş yani insanın dil üretme becerisi üzerinde durulacaktır. Ehl-i Sünnete göre Yüce Allah isimlerle Hz. Âdem’e ilk dil olan köken dili öğretmiş; insanlar da tarihsel süreç içerisinde bu dilden diğer dilleri türetmişlerdir. Mu‘tezile’ye göre ise Hz. Âdem’e öğretilen isimlerden kasıt insana dil oluşturma kabiliyetinin verilmesidir. Buna göre Ehl-i Sünnet, ilk dilin ilâhî bildirimle öğretildiğini savunarak tevkîfîliği; Mu‘tezile ise uzlaşıyla oluştuğunu söyleyerek ıstılâhîliği savunmuştur. Dilin tevkîfî ve ıstılâhî olduğuna dair tartışmaları ilk yazılı kaynaklarda görmekle beraber günümüz felsefe, toplum ve dil bilimlerinde de bu tartışma devam etmektedir. Çalışmada İslâm âlimlerinin görüşlerini tespit etmede tefsirci, kelâmcı, filozof ve dilcilerin görüşleri ele alınırken toplum bilimlerinde sosyolog, psikolog, filolog ve filozofların görüşlerine yer verilmiştir. İslâm âlimleri; isimler ve dil konusuna yaratılış teorisine göre yaklaşmışlar; insanın konuşmasını ta‘lîmü’l-esmâ âyeti ve mürâdifleri bağlamında değerlendirmişlerdir. Modern bilim insanları ise dili doğalcılık ve uzlaşı teorisine göre açıklamışladır. Çalışmanın önemi, dilin mahiyeti ve kökeninin İslâm âlimleri ile modern bilim insanlarının görüşlerinin karşılaştırmalı olarak incelenmesidir. Amacı ise ta‘lîmü’l-esmâ âyetini dille ilişkilendiren İslâm âlimlerinin naklî açıklamalarının geçerliliğini modern bilimlerin somut verileriyle mukayese etmektir. Araştırma sonucunda görülmüştür ki alanı ne olursa olsun seküler tüm toplum bilim paradigmaları dil üzerinde durmuşlar ve teorilerini dil etrafında şekillendirmişlerdir. Bu da isimlerden haber vermekle meleklerin hayran kaldığı Hz. Âdem’in ve insanın üstün konumunu ortaya koymakta; isimleri dille açıklayan İslâm âlimlerinin tevillerinde ne kadar haklı olduklarını göstermektedir.
Application of the method of analysis of hierarchies to assess the software of complexes of automation means
Authors: Budaretskiy Yu. , Shchavinskiy Yu. , Kuznetsov V. , Nikolayev S.
Published: December 2021

The article analyzes the current state of the methods for assessing the software of complexes of automation of fire control of artillery systems supplied to the artillery units of the Ground Forces of the Armed Forces of Ukraine. The actual problem of verification and certification of the developed samples of special software of such complexes is determined, which consists in the absence of established assessment procedures, a large subjective component in the existing methods for assessing software, the inconsistency of their norms in accordance with state and international standards. In the proposed conceptual model for assessing the quality of software, new metrics have been defined that will characterize special software that ensures the functioning of complexes of fire control automation systems for artillery subunits when they perform fire engagement tasks and which reflects the peculiarity of the use of artillery systems. To assess the proposed new metrics, the elements of their assessment and the mathematical apparatus for carrying out calculations are determined and substantiated. To determine the magnitude of the influence of indicators on the overall quality of software, a new approach is proposed, which consists in applying the method of analyzing hierarchies when determining the priority of indicators of elements, metrics, criteria and factors at each level of the hierarchy. The use of multicriteria analysis of the hierarchy analysis method ensures that the subjectivity of experts is avoided when assessing the quality of special software, it makes it possible to identify bottlenecks in the developed tactical and technical requirements for the software of the indicated complexes of automation tools for artillery systems and takes into account the mutual influence of indicators on the overall quality. A certain improved methodology, which more fully covers the software assessment process, will in the future be the basis for creating a quality assurance system for software of automation systems and forming a tool for their certification.
Accounting for real meteorological conditions at the time of UAV flight mission planning
Authors: Tkachyck P. , Kotcemyr O. , Sokolovskyi S. , Bilous D.
Published: December 2021

The article is dedicated to the the problem of not considering the real meteorological conditions in planning the flight task of the unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) A1-CM Furia . Unmanned aerial system(UAS) A1-CM  Furia  has been developed and manufactured by LLC SPC Athlon Avia since 2014. Within 2019-2020, the UAS passed a full spectrum of state tests and was adopted by the Armed Forces of Ukraine. The main criteria that this UAS meets are the detection and tracking of enemy objectives, equipment maintenance and target  reconnaissance. Among the peculiarities of UAV application are  performance of tasks in adverse meteorological conditions, the use of radio-electronic suppression by the opposing parties, significant spatial characteristics of the areas of responsibility of units and subdivisions for reconnaissance and engagement.

The change in the charge current of the battery depending on the air temperature and the change in the charge current of the battery depending on the wind speed in different meteorological conditions were analyzed  in the article.

The article presents experimental results that determine the order of current consumption for battery time depending on meteorological factors, such as wind speed and air temperature. These results indicate that the UAV A1-CM Furia during the task accomplishment  can not meet the flight characteristics that are defined in the flight operation manual UAS (FAM). The FAM does not separate the differences in the use of UAV  in different meteorological conditions. This causes possible errors in calculating the maximum length of the route and the maximum possible time in the air.

 In the article it was proposed to develop a correction  for the use of UAV depending on changes in wind speed and temperature .

During the assessing of possible corrections for the use of UAV at different wind speeds and air temperatures, the accuracy of determining the possible values of the maximum route length and maximum time of UAV in the air allows us to calculate more accurate data for future tasks accomplisment.

Experimental methods of calculating corrections took a large part in the specific study of information without taking into account the real meteorological conditions while planning the flight task of the UAV A1-CM Furia.

The obtained results show that without further consideration of meteorological conditions while planning a flight task there may be inaccuracies.
Research of diagnostic models of subsystems of power supply of radioelectronic means
Authors: Ryzhov Y. V. , Sakovych L.M. , Khodych O.V. , Kovalev O.V. , Nastishin Y. A.
Published: December 2021

The complex indicator of the reliability of electronic means - the readiness factor - significantly depends on the average recovery time. At the same time, the largest labor costs are spent by repair specialists on finding a faulty element. Diagnostic repair support depends on the models used in the development of defect detection algorithms. The most common use of diagnostic models in the form of a graph of information and energy connections, which consists of three types of structures: sequential connection of elements, converging and diverging. The latter did not receive the necessary research.

In the article as a result of research of influence of forms of the graph of information and power communications on indicators of quality of diagnostic maintenance of subsystems of power supply of radio electronic means analytical dependences of quantitative estimation of the controlled variables on average recovery time are received for the first time. This allows to improve the quality of diagnostic support of existing and promising samples during their design. Minimization of diagnostic errors makes it possible to verify the feasibility of using diagnostic and metrological support during the current repair of electronic devices by the aggregate method, which reduces the recovery time, especially in the field.

Depending on the volume of initial data, possible methods for quantifying the probability of the preferred choice of branches of power subsystems of radio electronic means, which also reduces the average recovery time by checking primarily the least reliable and do not require much time to perform checks and troubleshooting.

The obtained results should be used in improving the diagnostic and metrological support of power supply subsystems of existing electronic devices and its development for promising samples in order to improve the quality of maintenance, regardless of the structure of choice.
MODELAGEM E EDUCAÇÃO INFANTIL: PERCEPÇÕES E AÇÕES DOS PROFESSORES
Authors: Ferreira Rafaela Gonçalves , Sousa Bárbara Nivalda Palharini Alvim
Published: December 2021

Este artigo tem por objetivo investigar percepções e ações manifestadas por professores da Educação Infantil no desenvolvimento de atividades de modelagem matemática, em particular, ao aprender sobre modelagem matemática. Dados coletados no desenvolvimento de uma oficina formativa com cinco professores balizam o processo analítico por meio de registros escritos no desenvolvimento de atividades, respostas à questionários e relatórios reflexivos. Amparados na abordagem metodológica da Análise de Conteúdo, a discussão de resultados indica que o grupo de professores, a partir de suas vivências e considerando a familiarização com a modelagem matemática, manifestam percepções e ações ao aprender sobre modelagem matemática, tais como: reconhecer a modelagem matemática como alternativa para o ensino; conhecer aspectos teóricos sobre modelagem matemática; identificar as características da modelagem matemática; reconhecer e identificar as fases e procedimentos por meio do desenvolvimento de uma atividade de modelagem matemática; possibilitar o ensino de matemática de maneira lúdica na Educação Infantil; planejar atividades de modelagem matemática para implementação na sala de aula da Educação Infantil.
The Null Piece and Reality Check
Authors: Puckette Miller
Published: December 2021

Two frameworks are described, within the larger framework of Pure Data, that aim to facilitate the creation and preservation of electronic music that is performed live in real time. These are not part of Pd itself, because they are more directly tailored to a specific application space than Pd should be. They are nonetheless designed, like Pd, to minimize any unnecessary stylistic imposition on creators of electronic music. The Null Piece is a starting point for building live performance patches. It provides basic audio routing and parameter control while leaving other choices as free as possible. Reality Check is an attempt to aid in the long-term maintenance of a musical realization by verifying whether a piece still runs as intended despite the inevitable evolution of hardware and software.
What Pd Can't Teach; What It Can
Authors: Hudelson Joshua
Published: December 2021

Pure Data's long appeal is partly owed to its visual layout and intuitive mode of use. This might lead one to consider it a useful pedagogical tool, even if it now meets stiff competition from glitzier and more user-friendly applications. In the author's experience, however, Pd's ambiguous location on the spectrum of virtualization makes it bad for teaching but gives it a far more important function for composers. In occupying an uncanny valley between the digital-as-digital and the digital-as-analog, it resists the general tendency of digital technology to obscure awareness of itself, that is, of the digital computer as the current high watermark of a longer history of rationalization. It thus pushes composers of computer music back towards the questions that are at the heart of their work. This dynamic is illustrated by the author's experience of developing and tinkering with a novel technique of sound synthesis.
Poscolonial Peruvian Sheep and Their Digital Dreams: Pure Data as a Tool for Conceptual Reconfiguration in Peruvian Musical Education
Authors: Gastón José Ignacio
Published: December 2021

In this work, I discuss the use of Pure Data as the main tool for the development of paradigmatic changes in Peruvian musical education, through the implementation of the Laboratorio de Música Electroacústica y Arte Sonoro of the Universidad Nacional de Música in Lima - Perú. This analysis is made taking under consideration the particularities present in the development of the study of technology-based music in the country and the historical shortcoming that have marked that development. This work complements my previous research regarding the relevance of specific social narratives present through the history of the nation in regards to technology and musical innovation. In that sense, it presents a historical that seeks to revert the course of a musical learning history that excludes technology based musical practices associated with Pure Data, from becoming part of the official processes for musical creation in the country.
Analysis and resynthesis of real instruments using Pure Data and the MKMR library
Authors: Moreno Miguel
Published: December 2021

In this experience report, I present my method for synthesizing realistic sounding instruments. Starting from the analysis of a marimba sample to how to recreate it using additive synthesis while reducing the number of objects, memory and CPU load. This synthesized model only uses pd vanilla objects, allowing an ease of implementation with projects using libpd. The instrument detailed in this article and many more are part of my open-source library: mkmr. This repository is a compilation of vanilla made abstractions with different categories such as: oscillators, filters, effects, instruments, waveshapers, sequencers, etc.
EXC!TE SNARE DRUM — Making an Audio Plugin with Pure Data inside
Authors: Neupert Max , Wegener Clemens , Schmalfuß Philipp , Stang Sebastian
Published: December 2021

This report describes how we made a VST3 plugin containing Pure Data and integrated libpd into VCV Rack, iPlug2 and the VST3SDK. The plugin is a real-time snare drum synthesizer using an exciter-resonator model. We discovered an undesirable effect in Pd where the computationally cheap 4-point interpolation on delread4~ creates audible artefacts, effecting our wave-guide. Our solution to this issue was to implement our own interpolation object based on advice from Cyrille Henry posted to the Pd mailing list in 2008. The implementation was taken from Julius O. Smith‘s Digital Audio Resampling reference book.
Os conceitos de jihād e de hijra sob a luz do relato de viagem de Ibn Jubayr: o caso do Reino da Sicília (1184-1185)
Authors: Frizzo Matheus Kochani , Pinto Otávio Luiz Vieira
Published: December 2021

O presente artigo pretende analisar como o viajante muçulmano andaluz Ibn Jubayr se utiliza dos textos sagrados do Islã e, principalmente, dos conceitos árabe-muçulmanos de hijra e de jihād para pensar o caso de convivência inter-religiosa do Reino da Sicília. Pensando em como se operacionaliza a viagem e a peregrinação no mundo árabe-muçulmano medieval, bem como no papel discursivo do gênero literário da Riḥla, no qual se inscreve o relato de Ibn Jubayr, analisaremos como o autor em questão utiliza os textos sagrados do Islã e as duas noções supracitadas, muito caras aos jurisconsultos muçulmanos da época, a fim de intervir na sua realidade e contribuir para a expansão do Islã.
Católicos e protestantes: as religiosidades em disputa na Amazônia oitocentista (1850-1888)
Authors: Neves Fernando Arthur de Freitas
Published: December 2021

Este artigo discute como no século XIX aumentaram as expectativas dos protestantes para firmarem-se na Amazônia brasileira devido à abertura do rio Amazonas à navegação internacional. Como em outros países, esse movimento de expansão intentava uma saga de conversão, inicialmente, pelo acesso à Bíblia, embora desacompanhada do efetivo estabelecimento de templos protestantes, contentando-se em manifestá-lo em atos de propaganda. Esses atos promovidos pelos protestantes foram colhidos na imprensa da época, em relatos de viajantes e em relatórios oficiais, conformando uma teia de debates e juízos sobre o signo da disputa religiosa. A hegemonia católica conseguiu reforçar os obstáculos à expansão protestante, demonstrando que o diagnóstico do Catolicismo como uma religião de fachada não era correto, embora a hierarquia também manifestasse seu desacordo com as formas de vivência do Catolicismo tradicional e popular, buscando reformar este modo de “ser Igreja” para torná-lo compatível ao modelo diocesano.
Movimento Lumpa: aprendizagens étnicas para uma identidade cristã em Zâmbia
Authors: Silva Jefferson Olivatto da
Published: December 2021

Nosso escopo foi investigar o Movimento Lumpa (1954-1964), liderado por Alice Lenshina na Zâmbia, como processos interculturais identitários relativos às aprendizagens de longa duração. Utilizamos a concepção de constelações de aprendizagem, estabelecendo a interface entre a historiografia africana e a Antropologia da Educação e a Psicologia Social Comunitária. Interpretamos o Movimento como outra via social de afirmação identitária ao metabolizar cultos aos antepassados e ritos ancestrais a cargo das mulheres, bem como o combate à feitiçaria para atrair as aflições comunitárias modernas. Concluímos que o Movimento revigorou respostas comunitárias com práticas culturais melhor situadas às demandas locais e se contrapôs aos interesses de políticos, empresários e lideranças cristãs por prestígio e domínio da mão-de-obra. Esses poderes patriarcais fizeram uso da força militar para massacrar os adeptos, aprisionar Alice Lenshina e banir o Movimento de liderança feminina, enquanto era uma possibilidade de afirmação do poder local e independente.
Mathematical Modeling of a Supramolecular Assembly for Pyrophosphate Sensing
Authors: Emami Fereshteh , Abdollahi Hamid , Minami Tsyuoshi , Peco Ben , Reliford Sean
Published: December 2021

The power of sensing molecules is often characterized in part by determining their thermodynamic/dynamic properties, in particular the binding constant of a guest to a host. In many studies, traditional nonlinear regression analysis has been used to determine the binding constants, which cannot be applied to complex systems and limits the reliability of such calculations. Supramolecular sensor systems include many interactions that make such chemical systems complicated. The challenges in creating sensing molecules can be significantly decreased through the availability of detailed mathematical models of such systems. Here, we propose uncovering accurate thermodynamic parameters of chemical reactions using better-defined mathematical modeling-fitting analysis is the key to understanding molecular assemblies and developing new bio/sensing agents. The supramolecular example we chose for this investigation is a self-assembled sensor consists of a synthesized receptor, DPA (DPA = dipicolylamine)-appended phenylboronic acid (1) in combination with Zn2+(1.Zn) that forms various assemblies with a fluorophore like alizarin red S (ARS). The self-assemblies can detect multi-phosphates like pyrophosphate (PPi) in aqueous solutions. We developed a mathematical model for the simultaneous quantitative analysis of twenty-seven intertwined interactions and reactions between the sensor (1.Zn-ARS) and the target (PPi) for the first time, relying on the Newton-Raphson algorithm. Through analyzing simulated potentiometric titration data, we describe the concurrent determination of thermodynamic parameters of the different guest-host bindings. Various values of temperatures, initial concentrations, and starting pHs were considered to predict the required measurement conditions for thermodynamic studies. Accordingly, we determined the species concentrations of different host-guest bindings in a generalized way. This way, the binding capabilities of a set of species can be quantitatively examined to systematically measure the power of the sensing system. This study shows analyzing supramolecular self-assemblies with solid mathematical models has a high potential for a better understanding of molecular interactions within complex chemical networks and developing new sensors with better sensing effects for bio-purposes.
Singular Learning of Deep Multilayer Perceptrons for EEG-Based Emotion Recognition
Authors: Guo Weili , Li Guangyu , Lu Jianfeng , Yang Jian
Published: December 2021

Human emotion recognition is an important issue in human–computer interactions, and electroencephalograph (EEG) has been widely applied to emotion recognition due to its high reliability. In recent years, methods based on deep learning technology have reached the state-of-the-art performance in EEG-based emotion recognition. However, there exist singularities in the parameter space of deep neural networks, which may dramatically slow down the training process. It is very worthy to investigate the specific influence of singularities when applying deep neural networks to EEG-based emotion recognition. In this paper, we mainly focus on this problem, and analyze the singular learning dynamics of deep multilayer perceptrons theoretically and numerically. The results can help us to design better algorithms to overcome the serious influence of singularities in deep neural networks for EEG-based emotion recognition.
Experimental and Numerical Simulation of Interlayer Propagation Path of Vertical Fractures in Shale
Authors: Xiong Dong , Ma Xinfang , Yang Huanqiang , Liu Yang , Zhang Qingqing
Published: December 2021

The complex fracture network formed by volume fracturing of shale gas reservoir is very important to the effect of reservoir reconstruction. The existence of bedding interface will change the propagation path of the hydraulic fracture in the vertical direction and affect the reservoir reconstruction range in the height direction. The three-point bending test is used to test and study the mechanical parameters and fracture propagation path of natural outcrop shale core. On this basis, a two-dimensional numerical model of hydraulic fracture interlayer propagation is established based on the cohesive element. Considering the fluid-solid coupling in the process of hydraulic fracturing, the vertical propagation path of hydraulic fracture under different reservoir properties and construction parameters is simulated. According to the results, the strength of the bedding interface is the weakest, the crack propagation resistance along the bedding interface is the smallest, and the crack propagation path is straight. When the crack does not propagate along the bedding interface, the fracture propagation resistance is large, and the fracture appears as an arc propagation path or deflection. The difference between vertical stress and minimum horizontal stress difference, interlayer stress difference and interface stiffness will have a significant impact on the propagation path of vertical fractures. Large injection rate and high viscosity fluid injection are helpful for vertical fractures to pass through the bedding interface, and low viscosity fracturing fluid is helpful to open the bedding interface. This research work is helpful to better understand the characteristics of bedding shale and the interlayer propagation law of vertical fractures, and to form the stimulation strategy of shale gas reservoir.
Exploring Values and Beliefs in a Complex Coastal Social-Ecological System: A Case of Small-Scale Fishery and Dried Fish Production in Sagar Island, Indian Sundarbans
Authors: Berenji Sevil , Nayak Prateep Kumar , Shukla Ankur
Published: December 2021

The survivability of the small-scale fishery and dried fish production in Indian Sundarbans, despite increasing threats posed by climate, environmental, economic, and policy drivers, suggests that they possess certain unique strengths and capabilities. One thread of these strengths is connected to the fact that Sundarbans’ fishery system is strongly anchored in the values and beliefs of the local fishing communities. There is, however, limited empirical information available on the prevailing individual and collective attitudes, expectations, traditions, customs, and, above all, values and beliefs that strongly influence local fishing communities of Sundarbans. This manuscript aims to address this gap by drawing on qualitative data to (1) map the nature of values and beliefs associated with the Sundarbans’ Sagar Island fishing communities who are engaged in small-scale fishery and dried fish production; and (2) highlight the contributions of values and beliefs to the small-scale fishery and dried fish production systems of Sagar Island. Our study reveals that historical factors such as the patriarchal and patrilineal system prevalent in the Indian Sundarbans as well as the current drivers, including environmental and social-economic changes, create inconsistent values and beliefs among male and female members of its society. Issues around values and beliefs are heavily influenced by social-ecological realities comprising material, relational and subjective dimensions. They can range from being strictly personal to largely community-oriented as they are shaped by realities of gender, class, power dynamics, and politics. Values and beliefs are fundamental to human perception and cognition but often get neglected in mainstream literature covering human dimensions of resource management. Our research adds weight to the theoretical and place-based understanding of the contributions of values and beliefs to the small-scale fishery and dried fish production systems. We learn from the case study that values and beliefs can act as mirrors, reflecting the current as well as future realities of small-scale fisheries and dried fish production systems and provide important directions for sustainability and viability of the entire social-ecological system that hosts this sector.
Clinical Epidemiology, Risk Factors, and Control Strategies of Klebsiella pneumoniae Infection
Authors: Chang De , Sharma Lokesh , Dela Cruz Charles S. , Zhang Dong
Published: December 2021

Klebsiella species cause infections at multiple sites, including lung, urinary tract, bloodstream, wound or surgical site, and brain. These infections are more likely to occur in people with preexisting health conditions. Klebsiella pneumoniae (K. pneumoniae) has emerged as a major pathogen of international concern due to the increasing incidences of hypervirulent and carbapenem-resistant strains. It is imperative to understand risk factors, prevention strategies, and therapeutic avenues to treat multidrug-resistant Klebsiella infections. Here, we highlight the epidemiology, risk factors, and control strategies against K. pneumoniae infections to highlight the grave risk posed by this pathogen and currently available options to treat Klebsiella-associated diseases.
Does Chronic Sleep Fragmentation Lead to Alzheimer's Disease in Young Wild-Type Mice?
Authors: Ba Li , Huang Lifang , He Ziyu , Deng Saiyue , Xie Yi , Zhang Min , Jacob Cornelius , Antonecchia Emanuele , Liu Yuqing , Xiao Wenchang , Xie Qingguo , Huang Zhili , Yi Chenju , D'Ascenzo Nicola , Ding Fengfei
Published: December 2021

Chronic sleep insufficiency is becoming a common issue in the young population nowadays, mostly due to life habits and work stress. Studies in animal models of neurological diseases reported that it would accelerate neurodegeneration progression and exacerbate interstitial metabolic waste accumulation in the brain. In this paper, we study whether chronic sleep insufficiency leads to neurodegenerative diseases in young wild-type animals without a genetic pre-disposition. To this aim, we modeled chronic sleep fragmentation (SF) in young wild-type mice. We detected pathological hyperphosphorylated-tau (Ser396/Tau5) and gliosis in the SF hippocampus. 18F-labeled fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography scan (18F-FDG-PET) further revealed a significant increase in brain glucose metabolism, especially in the hypothalamus, hippocampus and amygdala. Hippocampal RNAseq indicated that immunological and inflammatory pathways were significantly altered in 1.5-month SF mice. More interestingly, differential expression gene lists from stress mouse models showed differential expression patterns between 1.5-month SF and control mice, while Alzheimer's disease, normal aging, and APOEε4 mutation mouse models did not exhibit any significant pattern. In summary, 1.5-month sleep fragmentation could generate AD-like pathological changes including tauopathy and gliosis, mainly linked to stress, as the incremented glucose metabolism observed with PET imaging suggested. Further investigation will show whether SF could eventually lead to chronic neurodegeneration if the stress condition is prolonged in time.
BrainFreeze: Expanding the Capabilities of Neuromorphic Systems Using Mixed-Signal Superconducting Electronics
Authors: Tschirhart Paul , Segall Ken
Published: December 2021

Superconducting electronics (SCE) is uniquely suited to implement neuromorphic systems. As a result, SCE has the potential to enable a new generation of neuromorphic architectures that can simultaneously provide scalability, programmability, biological fidelity, on-line learning support, efficiency and speed. Supporting all of these capabilities simultaneously has thus far proven to be difficult using existing semiconductor technologies. However, as the fields of computational neuroscience and artificial intelligence (AI) continue to advance, the need for architectures that can provide combinations of these capabilities will grow. In this paper, we will explain how superconducting electronics could be used to address this need by combining analog and digital SCE circuits to build large scale neuromorphic systems. In particular, we will show through detailed analysis that the available SCE technology is suitable for near term neuromorphic demonstrations. Furthermore, this analysis will establish that neuromorphic architectures built using SCE will have the potential to be significantly faster and more efficient than current approaches, all while supporting capabilities such as biologically suggestive neuron models and on-line learning. In the future, SCE-based neuromorphic systems could serve as experimental platforms supporting investigations that are not feasible with current approaches. Ultimately, these systems and the experiments that they support would enable the advancement of neuroscience and the development of more sophisticated AI.
Dietary Macronutrients Do Not Differently Influence Postprandial Serum and Plasma Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor Concentrations: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Controlled Cross-Over Trial
Authors: Gravesteijn Elske , Mensink Ronald P. , Smeets Ellen T. H. C. , Plat Jogchum
Published: December 2021

Objectives: Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) plays a role in cognition and metabolism. Specific nutrients can affect fasting BDNF concentrations, which are potentially mediated by insulin and/or glucose. Since macronutrients trigger each a different insulin and glucose response, we examined postprandial effects of meals rich in fat, carbohydrates, or protein on BDNF concentrations. BDNF was analyzed in serum and plasma, since concentration differences can be found between matrices.

Methods: Healthy overweight/obese male participants (n = 18) participated in this randomized, double-blind, cross-over trial consisting of three test days with 1 week wash-out periods. Either a high-fat (En% fat, carbohydrates, protein: 52.3, 39.2, 8.0), high-carbohydrate (En% 9.6, 81.5, 8.6) or high-protein meal (En% 10.6, 51.5, 36.9) was consumed on each test day. BDNF concentrations were measured after 0, 60, and 240 min. Glucose and insulin concentrations were measured after 0, 15, 30, 45, 60, 90, 120, and 240 min.

Results: BDNF concentrations were higher in serum compared with plasma (P < 0.001). Postprandial BDNF concentrations in serum decreased significantly after the high-fat (P = 0.013) and high-carbohydrate meals (P = 0.040), and showed a trend after the high-protein meal (P = 0.076). No differences were found between meals (P = 0.66). Postprandial BDNF concentrations measured in plasma did not significantly change after the different meals (P = 0.47). As total area under the curve (AUC) for glucose was significantly higher after the high-carbohydrate meal compared with the high-fat (P = 0.003) and high-protein meals (P < 0.001), and the total AUC for insulin was higher after the high-carbohydrate (P < 0.001) and high-protein meals (P < 0.001) compared with the high-fat meal, it seems that acute changes in glucose and insulin do not affect postprandial BDNF concentrations. However, after the high-protein meal, the higher total AUC for glucose correlated with lower serum BDNF concentrations, and a higher maximal increase in glucose correlated with a lower maximal increase in plasma BDNF concentrations. There were no correlations with insulin concentrations after either meal.

Conclusion: Serum BDNF concentrations were higher than plasma concentrations. Since postprandial BDNF responses were not different between the meals, we conclude that there is no role for insulin or glucose in regulating postprandial BDNF concentrations.

Clinical Trial Registration: [www.ClinicalTrials.gov], identifier [NCT03139890].
Advances in the Detection of Pancreatic Cancer Through Liquid Biopsy
Authors: Yan Tian-Bao , Huang Jia-Qi , Huang Shi-Yun , Ahir Bhavesh K. , Li Long-Man , Mo Zeng-Nan , Zhong Jian-Hong
Published: December 2021

Pancreatic cancer refers to the development of malignant tumors in the pancreas: it is associated with high mortality rates and mostly goes undetected in its early stages for lack of symptoms. Currently, surgical treatment is the only effective way to improve the survival of pancreatic cancer patients. Therefore, it is crucial to diagnose the disease as early as possible in order to improve the survival rate of patients with pancreatic cancer. Liquid biopsy is a unique in vitro diagnostic technique offering the advantage of earlier detection of tumors. Although liquid biopsies have shown promise for screening for certain cancers, whether they are effective for early diagnosis of pancreatic cancer is unclear. Therefore, we reviewed relevant literature indexed in PubMed and collated updates and information on advances in the field of liquid biopsy with respect to the early diagnosis of pancreatic cancer.
The Relationships Amongst Pediatric Nurses' Work Environments, Work Attitudes, and Experiences of Burnout
Authors: Buckley Laura , Berta Whitney , Cleverley Kristin , Widger Kimberley
Published: December 2021

Background: Pediatric nurses care for some of the most vulnerable patients in our healthcare system. Research on health care provider organizational behavior shows that the quality of care nurses provide is directly related to their well-being, influenced by Burnout and job stress, in the workplace. However, most of the research conducted on nursing populations neglects to separately study nurses who care for children. In a resource limited system where health care provider well-being is recognized as a priority, it is important for administrators to understand the environmental and attitudinal work factors most influential to pediatric nurse work outcomes in order to target optimization strategies. The aim of the study was to identify which modifiable work environment factors, e.g., [Incivility, Perceived Organizational Support, Quality of Work-life] make the greatest contribution to the work outcome of Burnout (i.e., Personal Accomplishment, Emotional Exhaustion, Depersonalization) in pediatric nurses.

Methods: A cross-sectional survey design was used at a large quaternary care pediatric hospital in Toronto, Canada. We administered a survey to a convenience sample of all registered nurses with >3 months experience in the Pediatric, Cardiac, and Neonatal Intensive Care Units from January 2021–March 2021. Path analysis was used to test our proposed model which was specified a priori based on a review of the literature.

Results: 143 nurses completed the survey. Path analysis of the tested model resulted in good fit. Quality of Work-life had the largest direct effect on Work Engagement (β = 0.582, S.E. = 0.111, p < 0.001). Work Engagement had the largest direct effect on Personal Accomplishment (β = 0.68, S.E. = 0.53, p < 0.001). Quality of Work-life had the largest indirect effect on Personal Accomplishment (β = 0.4, S.E. = 0.65, p < 0.001), Emotional Exhaustion (β = −0.33, S.E. = 0.87, p < 0.001), and Depersonalization (β =−0.17, S.E. = 0.41, p = 0.006), respectively. Work Engagement had the largest total effect on Personal Accomplishment (β = 0.68, S.E. = 0.64, p < 0.001) and the third largest total effect on Emotional Exhaustion (β = −0.57, S.E. = 0.83, p < 0.001). Quality of Work-life had the second largest total effect on Work Engagement (β = 0.58, S.E. = 0.11, p < 0.001) indicating that Quality of Work-life is mediated through Work Engagement for its effect on Burnout.

Conclusions: Our results indicate work environment and work attitude factors that can provide organizational leadership with a targeted focus to reduce pediatric critical care nurse Burnout, and thus improve provider well-being, in a resource limited system.
High-Resolution Simultaneous Multi-Slice Accelerated Turbo Spin-Echo Musculoskeletal Imaging: A Head-to-Head Comparison With Routine Turbo Spin-Echo Imaging
Authors: Gao Feifei , Wen Zejun , Dou Shewei , Kan Xiaojing , Wei Shufang , Ge Yinghui
Published: December 2021

Background/Aim: The turbo spin-echo (TSE) sequence is widely used for musculoskeletal (MSK) imaging; however, its acquisition speed is limited and can be easily affected by motion artifacts. We aimed to evaluate whether the use of a simultaneous multi-slice TSE (SMS-TSE) sequence can accelerate MSK imaging while maintaining image quality when compared with the routine TSE sequence.

Methods: We prospectively enrolled 71 patients [mean age, 37.43 ± 12.56 (range, 20–67) years], including 37 men and 34 women, to undergo TSE and SMS sequences. The total scanning times for the wrist, ankle and knee joint with routine sequence were 14.92, 13.97, and 13.48 min, respectively. For the SMS-TSE sequence, they were 7.52, 7.20, and 6.87 min. Quantitative parameters, including the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) and contrast-to-noise ratio (CNR), were measured. Three experienced MSK imaging radiologists qualitatively evaluated the image quality of bone texture, cartilage, tendons, ligament, meniscus, and artifact using a 5-point evaluation system, and the diagnostic performance of the SMS-TSE sequences was evaluated.

Results: Compared with the routine TSE sequences, the scanning time was lower by 49.60, 48.46, and 49.04% using SMS-TSE sequences for the wrist, ankle, and knee joints, respectively. For the SNR comparison, the SMS-TSE sequences were significantly higher than the routine TSE sequence for wrist (except for Axial-T2WI-FS), ankle, and knee joint MR imaging (all p < 0.05), but no statistical significance was obtained for the CNR measurement (all p > 0.05, except for Sag-PDWI-FS in ankle joint). For the wrist joint, the diagnostic sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy were 88.24, 100, and 92%. For the ankle joint, they were 100, 75, and 93.33%. For the knee joint, they were 87.50, 85.71, and 87.10%.

Conclusion: The use of the SMS-TSE sequence in the wrist, ankle, and knee joints can significantly reduce the scanning time and show similar image quality when compared with the routine TSE sequence.
Menstrual Fluid Factors Mediate Endometrial Repair
Authors: Salamonsen Lois A.
Published: December 2021

Menstruation is a process whereby the outer functionalis layer of the endometrium is shed each month in response to falling progesterone and estrogen levels in a non-conception cycle. Simultaneously with the tissue breakdown, the surface is re-epithelialized, protecting the wound from infection. Once menstruation is complete and estrogen levels start to rise, regeneration progresses throughout the proliferative phase of the cycle, to fully restore endometrial thickness. Endometrial repair is unique compared to tissue repair elsewhere in the adult, in that it is rapid, scar-free and occurs around 400 times during each modern woman's reproductive life. The shedding tissue and that undergoing repair is bathed in menstrual fluid, which contains live cells, cellular debris, fragments of extracellular matrix, activated leukocytes and their products, soluble cellular components and extracellular vesicles. Proteomic and other analyses have revealed some detail of these components. Menstrual fluid, along with a number of individual proteins enhances epithelial cell migration to cover the wound. This is shown in endometrial epithelial and keratinocyte cell culture models, in an ex vivo decellularized skin model and in pig wounds in vivo. Thus, the microenvironment provided by menstrual fluid, is likely responsible for the unique rapid and scar-free repair of this remarkable tissue. Insight gained from analysis of this fluid is likely to be of value not only for treating endometrial bleeding problems but also in providing potential new therapies for poorly repairing wounds such as those seen in the aged and in diabetics.