bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Contamination of Soil and Vegetation with Developmental Forms of Parasites in the Area of the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina
Authors: Omeragić Jasmin , Kapo Naida , Alagić Davor , Soldo Darinka Klarić , Goletić Teufik , Smajlović Ahmed , Crnkić Ćazim , Fejzić Nihad , Škapur Vedad
Published: June 2021

Background: According to the WHO (2019), more than 1.5 billion people worldwide are infected with soil-transmitted parasites. Previous research in the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina (FB&H) was mainly conducted in the area of the Sarajevo Canton. Therefore, the aim of the research was to explore contamination of soil and vegetation with developmental forms of parasites in the other cantons of FB&H.
Methods: Between Apr and Oct 2018, a total of 1,618 soil and vegetation samples were taken from 386 different locations in the 9 cantons of the FB&H.
Results: Positive samples were observed, 65/66 (98.48%) municipalities/cities and on 239/386 (61.92%) locations. Out of 1,618 samples taken in total (1,263 soil samples and 355 vegetation samples), 357 (22.06%) were positive, out of which 337 (26.68%) and 20 (5.63%) were soil and plant samples, respectively. In total, the following adult and developmental forms were identified: Taeniidae eggs (7.30%), Toxocara spp. eggs (62.08%), Ancylostomatidae eggs (25.00%), Trichuris spp. eggs (9.55%), Capillaria spp. eggs (3.37%), Toxascaris leonina eggs (1.40%), Nematodes larvae (19.38%), Giardia duodenalis cysts (5.06%), Cryptosporidium spp. oocysts (1.4%), oocysts and cysts of different species of Protozoa (3.93%).
Conclusion: The identified developmental forms of parasites pose a permanent threat to human health. It is necessary to carry out measures to reduce the contamination of soil and vegetation in coordination with systematic solutions (legislation), paralelly with contribution of animal owners, veterinarians, physicians, ecologists, parents and all the others involved in this issue.
Prevalence, Intensity and Risks Involved in Helminth Infections in Domestic Mountain Pony and Balkan Donkey in Nature Park Stara Planina, Serbia
Authors: Živković Slavica , Pavlović Ivan , Mijatović Bojana , Trailović Ivana , Trailović Dragiša
Published: June 2021

Background: This study aimed to investigate the prevalence, intensity and risk factors (age and gender) promoting the intestinal helminthic infections of the Domestic mountain ponies and Balkan donkeys in Serbia.
Methods: Prevalence, intensity and risk factors influencing helminth infection in horses (n=39) and donkeys (n=18) at the site of Nature Park Stara Planina, were studied from May to Sep 2015. The presence of one or several gastrointestinal helminth species was confirmed by faecal flotation in 97.43% of horses and 88.88% of donkeys included in the monitoring. The identified helminth species were Trichostrongylus axei, Strongylus edentatus, S. vulgaris, Parascaris equorum, Dictyocaulus arnfieldi and Anoplocephala magna in 84.61%, 46.15%, 5.13%, 58.97%, 94.87% and 38.46% of horses, respectively. The significant association of infection with P. equorum and sex of horses was established. (χ2=13.33, P<0.01).
Results: The prevalence of parasitic helminths identified in donkeys was the following: D. arnfieldi, T. axei, Pa. equorum, S. vulgaris, A. margna and Strongyloides westeri in 55.55%, 38.89%, 27.78%, 22.22% and 22.22% of donkeys, respectively. Moreover, the mean faecal egg count was higher in donkeys (369.9 EPG - egg per gram) than in horses (250.2 EPG). The association between the age and the mean EPG was significant (P<0.05) in both equine species.
Conclusion: The results of the investigation provided basic information that can be helpful for planning strategic control of nematode infection in equine population in Nature Reserves in Serbia.
The Molecular Epidemiology of Cystic and Alveolar Echinococcosis in Southeast Turkey
Authors: Eroglu Fadime , Dokur Mehmet , Ulu Yüksel
Published: June 2021

Background: The migration of humans and climatic and environmental changes cause the emergence of infectious diseases. This study aimed to investigate the changes in the molecular epidemiology of the echinococcosis in the southeast region of Turkey after migrations.
Methods: Overall, 159 tissues samples were taken from suspected cases of echinococcosis at the Kilis State Hospital in the southeast region of Turkey. All of the tissues samples were analyzed using histopathology methods, PCR, Real-time PCR methods, DNA sequencing, and phylogenetic analyses in laboratories.
Results: The positivity values of the histopathology, the polymerase chain reaction, and the Real-time PCR methods were found to be 14.5% (23/159), 15.7% (25/159), and 16.9% (27/159), respectively. 32.0 % (8/25) E. multilocularis of Echinococcus isolates and 68% (17/25) E. granulosus of Echinococcus isolates were identified using PCR methods. 58.8% (10/17) of the E. granulosus isolates were found to be Genotype 1% and 41.2% (7/17) E. granulosus isolates were found to be Genotype 3.
Conclusion: Molecular methods play an important role in the epidemiology, treatment, and diagnosis of diseases. Increasing immigration in a geographical area may create social, economic, and health problems in that area. For this reason, epidemiological studies of infectious diseases should be updated in areas with immigration.
COVID-19 and Hydatidosis Infections: Is There Any Relationship?
Authors: Matin Somayeh , Talei Sahand , Dalimi Abdolhossein , Dadkhah Masoomeh , Ghorbani Maryam , Molaei Soheila
Published: June 2021

The article's abstract is not available.
PREPARING LEARNERS FOR A GLOBAL EXPERIENCE: AN ANALYSIS OF INTERCULTURAL CONTENTS IN GOVERNMENT SCHOOL EFL TEXTBOOKS IN PAKISTAN
Authors: Khan Imdad Ullah , Memon Rafique Ahmed , Khan Mansoor , Amina Sidra , Khan Saood
Published: June 2021

Purpose of the study: This study aims to build the capacity of a learner as a "global citizen," language teaching needs to focus on building the 5 C's of Communication, Cultures, Connections, Comparisons, and Communities along with language proficiency. The present study analyzes English language textbook contents taught at the secondary school level in Pakistan's postcolonial and multilingual context. Methodology: Identity and otherization are used as key heuristic tools to analyze the ideological texture of the focal texts and their influence on adolescent learners' emerging identities. Main Findings: Data analysis in the current article shows that texts in the textbook promote strong in-group identities. Exercises and activities for students focus on lexico-syntactical aspects of the texts. The communicative and intercultural skills of the students are not stimulated in the textbook. Applications of this study: This study can be useful for improving English language textbooks, and classrooms need to move beyond traditional language teaching and incorporate active critical thinking and intercultural awareness to suit the needs of the students in the globalized world of our present times. Novelty/Originality of this study: To create a more stable world in this age of interconnectedness, mobility, and globalization, our young generation needs to develop fluid identities open to dialogue with the Other and seek complexity instead of simplification and stereotyping in intercultural encounters.
THE BACK BURNER: EDUCATIONAL EQUITY, RESILIENCE, AND PSYCHOLOGICAL WELL-BEING AS A PREDICTOR ON PROMOTING STUDENTS MENTAL HEALTH
Authors: Ul Hassan Mehboob , Butt Intzar Hussain
Published: June 2021

Purpose of the Study: The purpose of the current research was to determine the effect of equitable education, resilience, and psychological well-being on promoting student's mental health. The researchers eagerly explored everyday situations happening in male elementary schools of district Lahore, focusing on pandemic situations with zeal and zest. Methodology: The researchers structured causal-comparative research focusing positivist paradigm on a sample of randomly selected 980 respondents enrolled in male elementary schools of district Lahore of Punjab-Pakistan. The authors collected the data after administering Scott (2006) Educational Equity and school reforms Scale, Prince-Embury (2013) Resiliency Scales for Children and Adolescents, Ryff’s (1989) Psychological Well-beings Scale, and Lukat et al. (2016) Positive Mental Health Scale. After ensuring ethical considerations, the researchers run regression technique, one way; ANOVA and Pearson Product Moment Correlation (r) on the participants data. Main findings: The findings revealed that educational equity effect 81%, resilience 87.10%, and psychological well-being affect 66.60% in promoting students mental health. Educational equity, resilience, and psychological well-being have the same effect on 6th, 7th, and 8th grades students in promoting their mental health. Further a significant strong association between educational equity and mental health (r = .900**, n = 985, p < .05), resilience and mental health (r = .946**, n = 984, p < .05) and psychological well-beings and students mental health (r = .815**, n = 985, p < .05). Applications of this study: The results of the research will be applicable for headteachers, teachers, and parents to get aware of the worth of equitable education, resilience, and psychological well-being that play an enormous role in promoting students mental health. The debatable constructs of the current research will provide capable stakeholders to know the entire magnitude of mental health that drastically instigate and enhance student's vigour, attentiveness, dependability, intellectual ability, and optimism. Novelty/originality of this study: It is evident from the literature that less work is conducted inequitable education, resilience, and psychological well-being that play a massive role in promoting students mental health. In the case of Pakistan, the situation is very alarming and the meager because none of the researchers took initiative to framed research on these burning constructs. However, this research will opened new dimensions for the future researchers that will raise their intentions to explore the effect of primary, secondary, higher secondary, and tertiary level students equitable education, resilience, and psychological well-being on their mental health.
Impact of Museum Pedagogy on Educational Environment
Authors:   Ivan Ziaziun Institute of Pedagogical and Adult Education of NAES of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine, Filipchuk Nataliia
Published: June 2021

The article is dedicated to development and consolidation of museum pedagogy in educational environment, growth of its impact on the young generation with the purpose of preserving national identity, encouraging love and respect to cultural heritage of the people. Use of a museum in educational process is seen as a novel technology of personal development by means of art. Forms and methods of interaction between participants of cultural-educational process, peculiarities of use of interdisciplinary and polyartistic approaches in building a cultural-pedagogical dialogue have been generalized. The article emphasizes that a significant factor of museum pedagogy is pedagogical mastery of workers of a cultural institution (museum) and an educational institution (kindergarten, school, college, gymnasia, university etc.). The phenomenon of «pedagogical mastery» itself in museum pedagogy is the main prerequisite for a productive dialog, communication with visitors.
Theoretical Aspects of the Problem of Trust in Psychology
Authors:   Yuriy Fedkovych Chernivtsi National University, Chernivtsi, Ukraine, Chuyko Halyna , Chaplak Yan ,   Yuriy Fedkovych Chernivtsi National University, Chernivtsi, Ukraine, Koltunovych Tetiana ,   Yuri Fedkovych Chernivtsi National University, Chernivtsi, Ukraine
Published: June 2021

The article deals with a theoretical analysis of the main aspects of understanding the phenomenon of trust (such as: types, features, principles, structure, functions, manifestation of trust) and its role in human life in psychology. Authors note that common to interpretation of trust is implicit thought of the scientists about the apriori capacity of each person to define, who is worthy and who should not be trusted. The authors argue that trust is a complex attitude towards another person, manifested in a subjectively justified confidence in the reliability and honesty of the person; in the expectation that they will not try to intentionally or consciously harm us. Trust is especially important for both full-valued interpersonal relationships, the functioning of society; is the foundation of a mentally healthy personality and their well-being.
The Use of Information Technologies in Primary School Students Teaching: the Experience of Japan
Authors:   Kamianets-Podіlskyi National Ivan Ohiienko University, Ukraine, Bakhmat Nataliia , Fedirchyk Tetiana ,   Yuriy Fedkovych Chernivtsi National University, Chernivtsi, Ukraine
Published: June 2021

The article considers the problem of using information technology in teaching primary school students in Japan. It was studied the experience of Japan, where age is not an obstacle to the study new technologies in educational institutions. The Japanese are convinced that the basics of robotics should be learned by children at an early age. The study of IT as a discipline is aimed at instilling an interest in mathematics, science and technology. Children make the first attempts to create robots in elementary school. The need for the implementation of the studied areas and ways of teaching IT in Japan in the primary school of Ukraine is determined, the recommendations of the training and continuous support of teachers are formulated.
Perspectives on Early Childhood Education in Romania: a Qualitative Research
Authors:   Aurel Vlaicu University of Arad, Romania, Egerau Anca , Lile Ramona ,   Aurel Vlaicu University of Arad, Romania, Roman Alina ,   Aurel Vlaicu University of Arad, Romania, Kelemen Gabriela ,   Aurel Vlaicu University of Arad, Romania, Rad Dana ,   Aurel Vlaicu University of Arad, Romania, Dughi Tiberiu ,   Aurel Vlaicu University of Arad, Romania, Balas Evelina ,   Aurel Vlaicu University of Arad, Romania
Published: June 2021

Early childhood education and care (ECEC) is a concept that refers to the period from the birth of the infant to the time when the child begins the kindergarten. In children’s lives, it is a significant time because it is when they first learn how to connect with others, including friends, teachers and parents, and often continue to build passions that will stick with them throughout their existences. It is a period when children develop essential social and emotional skills and a bond is built between the infant, their parents and the teacher. Representative program no. 1 – Increasing access to ECEC under the ESL Strategy aims to implement the following key measures: (i) a coherent framework for ECEC; (ii) involvement of the family (with children 0-3 years) in parental education programs and by providing financial incentives; (iii) qualification, training and retention of early education and care staff. The non-competitive Early Inclusive and Quality Education project, implemented by the Ministry of National Education in partnership with the University of Piteşti, Aurel Vlaicu University of Arad and Ştefan cel Mare University of Suceava, between 2019 and 2021, aims to implement measures provided in the Representative Program no.1 of the early school leaving Strategy. In the first year of implementation, it is envisaged to develop a diagnostic framework document on the organization and operation of quality services in the field of early education in Romania and to support their implementation in the future. In this context, 8 focus groups are planned to take place in each development region, in order to outline a SWOT analysis of the educational, medical and social services provided in early education in Romania in the last 3 years. This report presents the findings from two focus groups that were organised in Arad and Bistrita by Aurel Vlaicu University of Arad.
Psychological, Pedagogical and Social Aspects of the Inclusive Environment in the Preschool Education Institutions Organization
Authors:   Yuri Fedkovych Chernivtsi National University, Chernivtsi, Ukraine, Oliynyk Roksolyana
Published: June 2021

The article highlights the theoretical and practical analysis of the necessity to create an inclusive educational environment and to enhance the professional competence of all participants in the educational process, including educators, teaching assistants of preschool education institutions, which will allow to implement all the education principles, upbringing and development of children with special educational needs. The paper shows that the main task of inclusion is to respond to a wide range of educational needs in pre-school institutions and beyond. There are characterized the inclusive education basic principles and tasks, that include theoretical analysis, practical and research approaches. The authors also point out the problem of teachers’ professional training to work with children with special educational needs, define the advantages and disadvantages of work, pay attention to the need to develop the professional skills and abilities that are necessary in working with such children.
Psychological Peculiarities of the Preschool Age Children with Speech Violations
Authors:   Yuriy Fedkovych Chernivtsi National University, Chernivtsi, Ukraine, Komisaryk Mariya , Kuznietsova Kateryna ,   Yuriy Fedkovych Chernivtsi National University, Chernivtsi, Ukraine
Published: June 2021

It is concluded that the study of the basics of speech therapy is necessary for all staff of preschool institutions in order to timely notice the language disorder of preschool children and quickly and efficiently overcome it. This will contribute to the better assimilation of knowledge by the child, the manifestation of his creative abilities, adaptation in society, optimization of mental development of the child as a whole.
An Overview on the Pre-School Teachers’ Psychological Readiness while Working with Gifted and Talented Children
Authors:   Yuri Fedkovich Chernivtsi National University, Chernivtsi, Ukraine, Zhurat Yulia , Holyk Bohdana ,   PSI «Montessori School ages 3-7», Zalishchyky, Ukraine, Polishchuk Oksana ,   Yuri Fedkovych Chernivtsi National University, Chernivtsi, Ukraine
Published: June 2021

The problem of giftedness is now becoming more urgent, and therefore every educator working in pre-school institutions should be improved, look for more and more new ways to work with gifted children, try to create comfortable conditions for such children, to improve and develop themselves, only in that case they will be well psychologically prepared to work with gifted children. It should be solved the problem of psychological training of nursery teachers precisely for work with gifted children. After all, the educator creates an atmosphere that can inspire children or destroy their self-confidence, or encourage or repress interests.
The Development of the Child’s Personality as the Core Issue of Vasyl Sukhomlynsky’s Creative Work
Authors:   National Academy of Educational Sciences of Ukraine, Savchenko Oleksandra
Published: June 2021

The article provides a comprehensive analysis of the holistic pedagogical system of comprehensive development of the student’s personality, which was developed in the writings of V. Sukhomlynsky and tested in practice in the experience of Pavlyska School. The analysis of the components of this system is presented, it includes goals and values of the educational process, comprehensive study of the inner world of the child, creation of motivation for development, modernization of the content of education, creation of educational and developmental environment in the school, evaluation of the results of teachers’ work. The importance of working with problematic children is analyzed and recommendations for teachers are given. The special conditions of a humane approach to the organization of the initial-educational process are defined. V. Sukhomlynsky’s approaches to the development of the younger student’s personality correspond to the modern theoretical and practical research for the modernization of the modern education system.
Phenomenon of a Pupil’s Pedagogical Characterization in Vasyl Sukhomlynsky’s Heritage
Authors:   Teaching Museum of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine, Mikhno Oleksandr
Published: June 2021

The article is proved that Vasyl Sukhomlynsky’s views on the phenomenon of pupil’s pedagogical characteristics evolved in parallel with the development of the pedagogical world outlook of the scientist, which is clearly reflected in the content of the characteristics made by the teachers of the team headed by him: insight into mental processes, thoughtful analysis and finding out the causes of complex and sometimes contradictory student’s character traits, and certain recommendations on ways of improving student’s character. On the basis of the analysis of the minutes of the meetings of the pedagogical council and the psychological seminar of the Pavlysh secondary school, stored in the funds of the Pedagogical-memorial museum of V. Sukhomlynsky (Pavlysh village, Kirovohrad region), the author explained the purpose, organizational features, structure and content of the seminar meetings effectiveness of this form of studying the student’s personality, revealed the role of V. Sukhomlynsky as the organizer and leader of the seminar. It is stated that in the high efficiency of the activity of the seminar was clearly reflected in the content of pedagogical characteristics of students, marked by deep penetration into the essence of mental processes, thoughtful analysis and clarification of the reasons for complex and sometimes contradictory student’s character traits, and certain recommendations on ways of improving student’s character.
Impact of online technology on the life of the Aeta native in the Northern Philippines
Authors:   College of Education, Arts and Sciences, National University, Manila, Philippines, Aringo R. P. , Diego A. A.
Published: June 2021

The Aeta tribe is one of the most widespread ethnic groups in the Philippines. They are known for their distinct identities and culture, which reflect deep-rooted traditions from their ancestors. Changing time and the emergence of new technologies have impacted the way Aeta lives and created unique changes for establishing and maintaining relationships among the members of the tribes. This research aimed to explore the influence of online technology on the life of selected Aeta natives in the Province of Pampanga. It used Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis (IPA), a qualitative research approach where researchers carefully explored how participants made sense of their experiences. Results of the study revealed the major themes on the impact of online technology on the life of Aetas: (1) facilitate connection and maintain meaningful ties; (2) mindfulness of the gadget use; and (3) nurtures life. In conclusion, Aeta used online technology to assist them in their lives, making it less demanding yet meaningful, that there is no attempt to modernize their identity and achieve personal control with minimal reliance on online technology. Online technology cannot ultimately change the distinctiveness of Aetas’ cohesive behavior.
Efficacy of Organic Biostimulant (Fish Protein Hydrolyzate) on the Growth and Yield of Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum)
Authors: Dewang Sheetal P. , C. Usha Devi
Published: June 2021

Background: Organic agricultural inputs are getting immense importance for enhancing growth, yield and nutritional value of the crop. The aim of this experiment was to evaluate the effect of soil application of different doses of fish protein hydrolysates (FPH) on the growth parameters of the tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) plant. Methods: FPH treatment were applied through soil application in three different doses such as 0.5 mL, 2.0 mL and 5.0 mL diluted into 2 liters of water and one control group was maintained that did not receive any FPH but only equal amount of water. The growth parameters in terms of fruit yield, shoot morphology and root morphology were studied. The 0.5 ml dose resulted in the 48% increase in the yield to tomatoes. The dose proportional linear increase in the tomato yield was not observed. All the doses of FPH showed increase in the fresh shoot weight as compared to control, however differentiation with different doses was not profound. Result: The optimal dose of 0.5 ml showed significantly positive effect on the root morphology. However, the highest dose of 5.0 ml resulted in the negative effect on the root development. This research work demonstrated that optimal dose of the organic biostimulant FPH can help to increase the yield of tomato.
Argumentación de futuros profesores de química sobre la anorexia tratada como cuestión sociocientífica
Authors: Martínez Leonardo Fabio , Gallo Dora del Carmen
Published: June 2021

En este artículo se analiza la argumentación de profesores de química en formación inicial a través del abordaje de una cuestión sociocientífica [CSC] sobre la anorexia asociada al metabolismo de aminoácidos. El trabajo siguió una metodología cualitativa microetnográfica. Se emplearon registros escritos y orales obtenidos durante la implementación de la secuencia basada en las implicaciones sociales de la anorexia. Para la fundamentación y análisis de los resultados, se utilizó el modelo de argumentación de Toulmin. El grado de argumentación alcanzado se determinó con los niveles argumentativos. Los resultados obtenidos indican que los niveles de argumentación predominantes en los profesores en formación son 0 y 1, razón por la cual la argumentación debe incorporarse de forma permanente y transversal en los currículos de formación de los futuros profesores de química para que así puedan ser capaces de favorecer mejores procesos de argumentación. En cuanto a su posición sobre el empleo de una CSC controvertida como la anorexia, los profesores en formación evidencian una comprensión amplia de la enfermedad, situación que contribuye a desarrollar el pensamiento crítico.
Efek Ekstrak Kulit Mangga Arumanis terhadap Penurunan Edema Kaki Mencit Putih Jantan yang Diinduksi Karagenin
Authors: Anggraini Ongky Dyah , Komariah Cicih , Prasetyo Aris
Published: June 2021

Mango is a plant contains many active compounds with health benefits. Total phenolic content of mango peel is higher than mango flesh, with its major component are mangiferin and quercetin. Quercetin has anti-inflammatory effects through the inhibition of inflammatory mediators are serotonin, bradykinin, histamine and prostaglandin, possibly could reduce oedema as a sign of inflammation. This study used carrageenin to induce inflammation by making paw oedema in mice. The aim of this research was to know the effect of arumanis mango peel extract to reduce paw oedema in white male mice. The was quasi experimental study with 7 study groups. Spearman analyses showed a correlation with significance of (p= 0.003) that mean it has a significant correlation (p <0.01) at the 330th min. Spearman correlation coefficients was 0,632, indicated that the dose of extract and paw oedema have strong correlation. It can be concluded that mango peel extract has effect for reducing paw oedema in white male mice, with the smallest dose was 1,002mg / gBW.

 

Keywords: mango, quercetin, paw oedema
Hubungan Tingkat Pengetahuan dengan Upaya Pencegahan Penyakit Glaukoma pada Klien Berisiko di Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Jenggawah Kabupaten Jember
Authors: Siswoyo Siswoyo , Susuma Latifa Aini , Rahayu Santi
Published: June 2021

Glaucoma was an eye disorder characterized by increased pressure on the eyeball, optic nerve opticatrophy and diminution of the visual field. Clients' knowledge towards glaucoma was important tohave such an early detection. It was done to avoid the blindness causes of glaucoma. The objectivesof this research were to analyze the correlation between knowledge with prevention efforts glaucomadisease in the area of Jenggawah clinical. This research was used in observational analytic designwith cross sectional approach. A total of 39 respondents obtained by purposive sampling technique.The data analysis that used was Spearman correlation test with significance level 0,05. The resultswas showed that the average value of knowledge level was 17.49 and the average at preventioneffort of glaucoma disease was 75.03. There was a significant relationship between the level ofknowledge with prevention efforts glaucoma disease (p value = 0.001, r = 0.600). There were astrong and positive correlation which means the higher in the level of knowledge that made a goodprevention of glaucoma disease. This study showed that the importance of providing knowledgeabout glaucoma disease to increase prevention of glaucoma disease in risky clientsKeywords: client is at risk, knowledge level, prevention of glaucoma disease
Eugenia Torijano Pérez. Ser (de nuevo) doctor por Salamanca. Las tesis doctorales de la Facultad de Derecho en el Sexenio Revolucionario (1868-1874)
Authors: Martínez Neira Manuel
Published: June 2021

Este artículo reseña: Eugenia Torijano Pérez. Ser (de nuevo) doctor por Salamanca. Las tesis  doctorales de la Facultad de Derecho en  el Sexenio Revolucionario (1868-1874).  Madrid: Dykinson, 2021.
A Curious Case of Dysphagia Due to Osteophytes
Authors: Maltês Sérgio , Chambino Beatriz , Campos Luís
Published: June 2021

N/a.
KINERJA ORGANISASI PENGELOLA TINGKAT MASYARAKAT DALAM PEMANFAATAN DAN PEMELIHARAAN HASIL PROGRAM SANIMAS DI KELURAHAN KAPALO KOTO KOTA PADANG
Authors: Hafizhah Hafizhah
Published: June 2021

This research is motivated by environmental pollution because many people do not yet have access to proper domestic wastewater sanitation. Kapalo Koto Village is one of the priority villages in handling sanitation in Padang City. The results showed that of the four variables proposed by Wibowo, it can be concluded that the Performance of Community Level Management Organizations in the Utilization and Maintenance of the Results of the SANIMAS Program in the Kapalo Koto Village Padang City has not yet reached its maximized. Utilization and maintenance activities of the SANIMAS Program result in the Kapalo Koto Village experienced several obstacles. Caused by several indicators that have not been maximized, such as the capability of low Community Level Management Organizations, sources of funding from beneficiary community contributions for program maintenance and development are not collected. The implementation of utilization and maintenance activities is still not routinely carried out. Continued monitoring is not conducted regularly and evaluation activities are not carried out annually. However, if seen from the benefits generated by the SANIMAS Program it has an impact on reducing pollution to the residential environment, thereby causing an increase in the level of public health. Keywords: Performance, Management Organizations, SANIMAS Program
INDEKS DESA MEMBANGUN (IDM) DI KABUPATEN BARITO KUALA
Authors: Sari Novita , Oktavianor Tomy
Published: June 2021

This study aims to describe the villages in Barito Kuala Regency based on the Building Village Index (IDM) and find out the direction of policies related to disadvantaged villages in Barito Kuala Regency. This study uses Mix Methodes approach, with the type of research being explanatory sequential. Based on data from the Build Village Index Recapitulation from the Barito Kuala Regency Community and Village Empowerment Office in 2017, it shows that the percentage of underdeveloped villages in Barito Kuala Regency reaches 64% or reaches 126 villages, so it must be a big concern for the local government. Determining the status of the village uses the Building Village Index by the Ministry of Village as a measure consisting of 3 aspects, namely the Social Resilience Index (IKS), the Economic Resilience Index (IKE) and the Environmental Resilience Index (IKL). In reducing the number of underdeveloped villages in Barito Kuala Regency, the government must pay attention to these three aspects to take a policy that can reduce the number of underdeveloped villages. The results showed that the Economic Resilience village was the index with the lowest value, followed by the Environmental Resilience Index and the Social Resilience Index. Based on this, the local government plan two policies, namely the first priority for village fund use which includes two things, namely increasing the economic activities of rural communities and improving the quality of life of rural communities, and the second through Integrated Village Surgery programs.
Efektivitas Pelaksanaan Program Peningkatan Keselamatan Lalu Lintas Oleh Dinas Perhubungan Kota Padang
Authors: Amri Restumy , Aromatica Desna , Putera Roni Ekha
Published: June 2021

This research supports the design of a program to improve traffic safety by the Padang City Transportation Department. This program is an effort made by the Department of Transportation to replace the number of traffic accidents that are felt to be very high. Efforts in the future are directed at countermeasures that support efforts to foster, improve, regulate and enforce the law. This program is guided by Law Number 22 Year 2009 Concerning Traffic and Road Transportation Safety and Security Culture. This study used descriptive qualitative method. Data collection techniques used were interviews and documentation. The results showed how the implementation of the traffic safety improvement program conducted by the Padang City Transportation Office has not been going well. It can be seen from the meeting that the objectives of this program have not been successful because the number of accidents in the City of Padang has increased, the acquisition of resources in the implementation of this program has not well approved because the specified budget and human resources from the Padang City Transportation Office are still classified as inadequate because the demands from the Transportation Office are very large for the Padang City area. The internal process in the implementation program has been well approved in the process of communication between employees and a high commitment in managing transportation in the city of Padang. Strategic constituency satisfaction has not been well approved because it involves community participation in program implementation and self-safety.
IMPLEMENTASI KEBIJAKAN E-VOTING DALAM PEMILIHAN KEPALA DESA DI KABUPATEN MEMPAWAH PROVINSI KALIMANTAN BARAT
Authors: Maryuni Sri , Sitorus R.L
Published: June 2021

This research intended to explain the implementation of e-voting policy on the head of the village election at Mempawah Region Kalimantan Barat. The election was done for twice occasions, at 2017 and 2018. Purpose of the research was to describe and analyze the implementation process of e-voting policy on the head of the village election at Mempawah Region Kalimantan Barat. The research method in this paper was using qualitative methods with descriptive technique. In order to gain information on the implementation process of e-voting policy on the head of the village at Mempawah Region, Kalimantan Barat. Charles O. Jones (1996: 296) theory stated that the implementation process of e-voting policy was based on three pillars, which are the organization, interpretation, and application. We found that there were some obstacles in implementing e-voting policy, such as the lack of electronic facilities quantity and quality that supported the policy, there were also a lot of people which has not been registered in the e-voting application, and some negatives perception of the e-voting process. Researchers have several recommendations to overcome the problems. First, the government should do socialization on the e-voting election. Second, an improvement in the e-voting system especially on the issue of the person with disabilities. Third, evaluate the regulation. Lastly, increase the coordination among stakeholders within bureaucracy and village staff in order to have a better database of the elector.
Images of Sakhalin in the research legacy of B.O. Pilsudsky (based on materials of the Far-Eastern archives)
Authors: Golovnev I.A. , Golovneva E.V.
Published: June 2021

In modern anthropology, researchers pay increasing attention to photographic data as a category of histori-cal/ethnographic documents. This article is based on visual and anthropological materials of Bronislaw Pilsudsky (1866–1918), a renowned researcher of Sakhalin ethnic groups, collected by the authors from the archives and museums in the Far East during the expedition in June — August 2019. The study is focused on Pilsudsky’s pho-tographic and manuscript collections on the thnography of the Nivkhs reposited in holdings of the Sakhalin Re-gional Museum (Yuzhno-Sakhalinsk) and the Society for Research on the Amur Region (Vladivostok). Many of these photographic documents, being unique evidence of the evolution of the material and spiritual culture of the indigenous people of Sakhalin at the turn of the 19th and 20th centuries, are introduced into the scientific discourse for the first time. The photographic materials are analyzed from the historical and anthropological perspectives, in conjunction with the published papers and archival manuscripts of the scientist (in particular, “Wants and needs of the Sakhalin Gilyaks”). Correlation of the textual and visual materials shows that B. Pilsudsky represented Sakhalin in a series of images: the island of native dwellers (traditional lifestyle of the Gilyaks) — the island of convicts (colonization of the territory, involuntary-settlement community) — the island of autonomies (cultural and economic zoning). In the course of his studies, B. Pilsudsky used concurrently textual description of the impressions and their photographic cap-ture. The key feature of the scientific work of B. Pilsudsky of this period was the absence of a “metric” perspective — he photographed his characters in their natural habitat, in their daily routine. The conclusion is drawn on the archive photo-graphs as multi-layered visual-anthropological documents on their time, which under a proper critical research perspec-tive constitute valuable historical sources of scientific interest for studies in a wide range of the humanities.
On the dynastic cult of the rulers of Bukhara Sogd in the Early Middle Ages
(to the interpretation of the murals of the Varakhsha palace)
Authors: Gyul T.I.
Published: June 2021

Varakhsha hillfort is located in the Bukhara oasis (Uzbekistan). From the 6th to 8th c., it was the residence of the rulers of Bukhara Sogd. Archaeological investigations of the Varakhsha were carried out in the late 1930s, and then later in 1947 and 1949–1954. During the excavations of the palace, wall paintings were discovered in the Red (Hindu) and East (Blue) Halls (7th–8th c.). In the East Hall, the center of the art composition on the south wall was dominated by a massive figure of a ‘king’ with a golden sword, seated on a throne with protomas of winged camels. Depicted next to him was a group of five people sitting on their knees — the king's family. The elder man is making an offering to the fire on an altar. On the base of the altar, there is a male figure, seated on a throne in the form of a lying camel. This figure represents Vretragna, the Avestan deity of Victory. Mythogenically, Vretragna is close to the Vedic god of thunder Indra. In Avesta, Vretragna appears in various guises: a Bactrian camel; the bird of prey Varagn; a man with a golden sword. In Sogdian iconography, the image of the Bactrian camel is most often associated with Vretragna. The characters of the murals in the Blue Hall (the king’s family) bring offering to the fire lit in tribute to the deity — to Vretragna. The central figure of this composition was identi-fied by V.A. Shishkin as a king. In our opinion, it rather depicts Vretragna. This is implicitly indicated by the protomas of the throne in the form of winged camels and by the image of ‘the king with the golden sword’. The walls of the Red Hall of Varakhsha were decorated with a scene of hunters riding elephants. Each elephant was ridden by a servant-mahout and a lord, whose figure would be disproportionately large. They are slaying huge monsters. According to researchers, an image of the Sogdian deity Adbag is repeated here. The epithet ‘Adbag’ — ‘Supreme deity’ is associated with Ahuramazda. B.I. Marshak and A.M. Belenitsky note, that here Adbag-Ahuramazda is likened to Indra riding a white elephant. It seems to us quite probable that such an epithet could be applied to various gods of a high status. Notably, it could be Vretragna depicted here, who is akin to Indra. We think that the image of Vretragna held a special place in the visual arts of Varakhsha, as the patron deity of the Bukhar-Khudat dynasty. He was depicted in the center of the com-position in the Blue Hall in his Avestan hypostasis, and in the Red Hall he was depicted in the form of Indra.
Incense burners and altar dishes of the Sargatka Culture
Authors: Zakh V.A.
Published: June 2021

The paper concerns the so-called incense burners and small altar dishes found in the burial complexes of the Sargatka Culture in the forest-steppe region of the Western Siberia, as well as in the burials of the Cis-Urals nomads of the 4th–2nd c. BC, which were used for burning and incensing of various substances. Compilation of materials allows forming a clearer view on the possible function of these objects, which is debatable amongst the researchers. The incense burners are small cylindrical stone or pottery vessels with considerable amount of tal-cum in the pottery clay. The altar dishes represent round, oval or subrectangular objects made of stone and clay with or without legs. The cylinder-shaped incense burners and altar dishes are, apparently, similar in function to each other. The absence of a high rim on the latter is compensated by a large area of the dish itself. The volume of the incensed substance would be nearly the same in both types of the burners, while sustaining burning on the altar-dishes would not require special means, such as wall penetrations alike those in the cylindrical incense burners. Few preserved burials contain incense burners alongside other, in our opinion related, objects — flat-bottom vessels, sometimes with stone bases, which allows econstruction of the implement in its assembled form and suggestion of a method of its application. The main item was an incense burner — a container of a cylindrical or conical shape, usually with through-holes in the wall to allow air intake inside the ware, sometimes having nip-ple-shaped protrusions on the inner surface of the bottom increasing the surface area of contact with the incense substance. The incense burner would have been placed in a flat-bottom jar filled with smoldering embers and installed on a fire-resistant base. The studied objects and their handling resemble the ceremonial described by Herodotus as a ritual purification amongst the Scythians. However, in our opinion, it cannot be ruled out that they could have been used in the rituals involving hallucinogenic substances, performed with the aim of prophesizing, divination, to communicate with gods and spirits, which were practised by people of the Sarmatian and Sargatian (at least in the western part of the area) Cultures and administered, most likely, by special, elected persons. When those persons die, the implements would be placed into their burials as a grave goods.
‘Polish-Lithuanian’ archaeological materials from the excavations of the town of Tara
Authors: Tataurov S.F. , Tikhonov S.S.
Published: June 2021

In this article, the authors analyse materials from the excavations of the Tara fortress (Omsk Region, Wes-tern Siberia), founded in 1594 by Prince Andrei Yeletsky and functioned as the main outpost of the Russians in the Middle Irtysh region to counter Khan Kuchum, the Kuchumovichs, and then the newly-arrived population from Dzungaria and Kazakhstan, until construction of the Omsk fortress in 1716. The aim of this research is to identify amongst the finds the articles of Polish-Lithuanian origin, in outward appearance similar to Russian ones. Having studied the collections formed during the excavations of the fortress in 2007–2020, the authors came to the con-clusion that such items are definitely represented by the signet rings with nobility coats of arms, coins, and bap-tismal crosses made according to the Catholic canon. Potentially, Polish-Lithuanian origin could be assigned to some types of fabrics and leather goods, such as a travel compass case with images of French fleur-de-lis, some types of shoes, and handgun holsters. The presence of Venetian glass ware and plinth bricks in the layers of the 17th c., according to the authors, is also associated with the arrival in Tara of the population that had previously resided in the territory of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth or on the western borders of Muscovy. The owners of these items ended up in Tara (and in Western Siberia) because they were taken prisoners or sided with the Rus-sians during the Russian-Polish wars. Over time, they formed a special category of service people called ‘Lithuania’. This is evidenced by numerous written sources. The basis for this conclusion is given by particular characteristics of Tara's trade relations established, primarily, with China, Lesser and Greater Bukharia, and the Uzbek Khanate, i.e., with the south in the 17th c., from where Chinese porcelain, silk and cotton fabrics, and some types of smo-king pipes came to Tara. At that time, weapons, bread, coarse fabrics, money for salaries of the servicemen of the Siberian garrisons, and cheap beads were imported to Tara from the west through Kazan, Kungur, and Lozva. In the 18th c., the main trade of the Russians began to concentrate in Troitskosavsk (Kyakhta since 1934) on the border with Mongolia, from where tea, silk, and porcelain were exported, whereas a flow of Russian-made goods, as well as European wines, sugar, some species of nuts, and spices, was established through Kazan into Siberia. Instead of ’Lithuania’, Germans started coming to Siberia. In the 19th c., Poles reappeared en masse in Western Siberia. However, those were no longer residents of Lithuania and Western Russian principalities, but ethnic Poles exiled to Siberia for participation in anti-Russian uprisings.
Subtropical Frontal Zone of the Southern Ocean
Authors: Belkin Igor M
Published: June 2021

This paper combines a literature survey and data analysis. The literature on the Subtropical Front (STF) in the Southern Ocean is reviewed with a two-pronged emphasis on the double-front structure of the STF, hence the existence of a subtropical frontal zone (STFZ), and the circumpolar continuity of the STFZ. The data analysis is based on the World Ocean Circulation Experiment (WOCE) sections. The STFZ is detected along each section independently from other sections, while moving circum-polarly downstream (eastward). The literature survey and data analysis confirm the circumpolar continuity of the STFZ extending from the Brazil Current across the South Atlantic, South Indian, and South Pacific up to Chile, being bound by the North and South STF. The circumpolar continuity of the STFZ is partly interrupted by South Africa and Tasmania, where the North STF ceases, while the South STF continues eastward. The South Atlantic STFZ is the southern boundary of the well-defined Subtropical Mode Water (STMW) thermostad, which cools eastward from 15°C to 11°C between the Brazil Current and Greenwich Meridian. In the southeast Pacific, the STFZ is the southern boundary of the 17-to-19°C thermostad (South Pacific Eastern STMW). The STFZ’s vertical extent is at maximum in the South Atlantic (>1000 m), decreasing eastward to 300 m in the southeast Pacific off Chile. A special attention is given to the South Pacific and the STFZ’s role in the ecology of Chilean jack mackerel Trachurus murphyi that spawn at the STFZ and migrate along the STFZ from Chile up to New Zealand.