bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Does the Attention of the Chinese Government Influence Chinese Nutrition, Exercise, and Health? Based on the Content Analysis of the Central Government Work Reports From 1978 to 2020
Authors: Zhang Wenpeng , Zhou Yuomei , Li Jingzhan , Zeng Tingting , Liao Jinlian
Published: October 2021

The attention of the Chinese government on nutrition, exercise, and health refers to the attention degree of the Central Government to the nutrition, exercise, and health of Chinese nationals and reflects whether Central Government attach importance to Chinese nationals' nutrition, exercise and health or not and the distribution of resources, which influence the physical quality and health level of Chinese nationals. Based on the attention theory and attention distribution proposed by Herbert Simon, Dai Kai, et al., this study took 43 Central Government Work Reports from 1978 to 2020 as research samples, used literature reviews, and textual analysis methods, and applied the Nvivo12.0 software to conduct qualitative and quantitative analyses about the contents of the Central Government Work Report concerning the nutrition, exercise, and health of Chinese nationals. This research found the following: (1) There has been a relatively huge overall change in the attention of the Central Government, that is, the level of attention, to the nutrition, exercise, and health of Chinese nationals from 1978 to 2020, and the policies related to nutrition, exercise and health of Chinese nationals issued by the Central Government have been growing faster. (2) The income level of the urban and rural residents, the total production of various types of food, dietary structure, the total number of medical and health institutions, the average life expectancy of the Chinese population, and the number of sports venues have been constantly increasing since the reform and opening up, which has effectively promoted the improvement of the nutrition, exercise and health level of Chinese nationals, and it cannot be achieved without the attention and support of the Central Government. However, the change in the lifestyle of Chinese nationals has led to the growth of the modern “Civilization Disease,” which is also an important issue that the Central Government needs to handle urgently.
Beef Cut Classification Using Multispectral Imaging and Machine Learning Method
Authors: Li Ang , Li Chenxi , Gao Moyang , Yang Si , Liu Rong , Chen Wenliang , Xu Kexin
Published: October 2021

Classification of beef cuts is important for the food industry and authentication purposes. Traditional analytical methods are time constraints and incompatible with the modern food industry. Taking advantage of its rapidness and being nondestructive, multispectral imaging (MSI) has been widely applied to obtain a precise characterization of food and agriculture products. This study aims at developing a beef cut classification model using MSI and machine learning classifiers. Beef samples are imaged with a snapshot multi-spectroscopic camera within a range of 500–800 nm. In order to find a more accurate classification model, single- and multiple-modality feature sets are used to develop an accurate classification model with different machine learning-based classifiers, namely, linear discriminant analysis (LDA), support vector machine (SVM), and random forest (RF) algorithms. The results demonstrate that the optimized LDA classifier achieved a prediction accuracy of over 90% with multiple modality feature fusion. By combining machine learning and feature fusion, the other classification models also achieved a satisfying accuracy. Furthermore, this study demonstrates the potential of machine learning and feature fusion method for meat classification by using multiple spectral imaging in future agricultural applications.
Nanozymes in Tumor Theranostics
Authors: Ma Qiulian , Liu Yanfang , Zhu Haitao , Zhang Lirong , Liao Xiang
Published: October 2021

Nanozymes, a new generation of enzyme mimics, have recently attracted great attention. Nanozymes could catalyze chemical reactions as biological enzymes under physiologically mild conditions with higher-efficiency catalytic activities. Moreover, nanozymes could overcome the shortcomings of natural enzymes, such as easy inactivation, high cost, and low yield. With the development of more and more smart and multi-functional nanosystems, nanozymes display great achievement in tumor biology. In this review, we outline the recent advances of nanozymes in tumor and tumor microenvironment diagnosis, therapy, and theranostics.
Sentinel Lymph Node in Aged Endometrial Cancer Patients “The SAGE Study”: A Multicenter Experience
Authors: Cianci Stefano , Rosati Andrea , Vargiu Virginia , Capozzi Vito Andrea , Sozzi Giulio , Gioè Alessandro , Gueli Alletti Salvatore , Ercoli Alfredo , Cosentino Francesco , Berretta Roberto , Chiantera Vito , Scambia Giovanni , Fanfani Francesco
Published: October 2021

Objective

The incidence of endometrial cancer is increasing in elderly people. Considering that aging progressively affects lymphatic draining function, we aimed to define its impact on IGC uptake during SLN mapping.

Methods

A multicenter retrospective cohort of endometrial cancer patients with apparently early-stage endometrial cancer undergoing complete surgical staging with SLN dissection was identified in four referral cancer centers from May 2015 to March 2021. Patients were classified in Group 1 (<65 years old) and Group 2 (≥65 years old). The primary endpoint was the assessment of the overall, bilateral, and unsuccessful SLN mapping in the two groups. Secondary outcomes were the evaluation of SLN anatomical distribution and the identification of predictors for mapping failure applying a logistic regression.

Results

A total of 844 patients were enrolled in the study (499 in Group 1 and 395 in Group 2). The overall detection rate, the successful bilateral mapping, and the mapping failure rate of the SLN were 93.8% vs. 87.6% (p = 0.002), 77.1% vs. 66.8% (p = 0.001), and 22.9% vs. 33.2% (p = 0.001), respectively, in Group 1 vs. Group 2. The advanced age affects the anatomical distribution of the SLN leading to a stepwise reduction of “unexpected” mapping sites (left hemipelvis: p < 0.001; right hemipelvis: p = 0.058). At multivariate analysis age ≥ 65 (OR: 1.495, 95% CI: 1.095–2.042, p = 0.011), BMI (OR: 1.023, 95% CI: 1.000–1.046, p = 0.047), non-endometrioid histotype (OR: 1.619, 95% CI: 1.067–2.458, p = 0.024), and LVSI (OR: 1.407, 95% CI: 1.010–1.961, p = 0.044) represent independent predictors of unsuccessful mapping. Applying binomial logistic regression analysis, there was a 1.280-fold increase in the risk of failed mapping for every 10-year-old increase in age (OR: 1.280, 95% CI: 1.108–1.479, p = 0.001). A higher rate of surgical under-staging (0.9% vs. 3.3%, p = 0.012) and adjuvant undertreatment (p = 0.018) was reported in Group 2.

Conclusions

Old age represents a risk factor for SLN mapping failure both intrinsically and in relation to the greater incidence of other independent risk factors such as LVSI, non-endometrioid histotype, and BMI. Surgeons should target the usual uptake along UPP during the SLN dissection in this subgroup of patients to minimize mapping failure and the consequent risk of surgical under-staging and adjuvant undertreatment.
Calycosin Alleviates Sepsis-Induced Acute Lung Injury via the Inhibition of Mitochondrial ROS-Mediated Inflammasome Activation
Authors: Xia Yu , Cao Yuanbao , Sun Yao , Hong Xiuying , Tang Yingyan , Yu Juan , Hu Hongjuan , Ma Wenjia , Qin Kailun , Bao Rui
Published: October 2021

Sepsis-induced acute lung injury (ALI) culminates in multiple organ failure via uncontrolled inflammatory responses and requires effective treatment. Herein, we aimed to investigate the effect of calycosin (CA), a natural isoflavonoid, on sepsis-induced ALI. CA attenuated lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and cecal ligation and puncture (CLP)-induced structural damage and inflammatory cell infiltration in lung tissues by histopathological analysis. CA significantly reduced lung wet/dry ratio, inflammatory cell infiltration in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid, and myeloperoxidase activity. Moreover, CA improved the survival of septic mice. CA also substantially inhibited interleukin (IL)-1β and IL-18 levels and cleaved caspase 1 expression and activity in lung tissues. Additionally, CA markedly suppressed oxidative stress by increasing levels of superoxide dismutase and glutathione while decreasing malondialdehyde. In vitro assay showed that CA significantly inhibited LPS-induced IL-1β and IL-18 levels and cleaved caspase 1 expression and activity in BMDMs. Moreover, CA blocked the interaction among NLRP3, ASC, and caspase 1 in LPS-treated cells. CA markedly reduced mitochondrial ROS levels. Significantly, compared with CA treatment, the combination of CA and MitoTEMPO (mitochondria-targeted antioxidant) did not further reduce the IL-1β and IL-18 levels and cleaved caspase 1 expression and activity and decreased mitochondrial ROS levels. Collectively, the inhibition of mitochondrial ROS-mediated NLRP3 inflammasome activation contributes to the protective effects of CA, which may be considered a potential therapeutic agent for septic ALI.
TPD52L2 Is a Prognostic Biomarker and Correlated With Immune Infiltration in Lung Adenocarcinoma
Authors: Zhong Anyuan , Chen Ting , Zhou Tong , Zhang Zengli , Shi Minhua
Published: October 2021

Tumor protein D52-like 2 (TPD52L2) belongs to the members of the TPD52 family. TPD52L2 was reported to regulate proliferation and apoptosis in cancer cells. However, its role in lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) was uncertain. We evaluated the expression, methylation, copy number alteration, and prognostic significance of TPD52L2 using RNA-seq data from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA). Enrichment analysis of TPD52L2 was conducted using the R package “clusterProfiler.” We further assessed the association between TPD52L2 and immune cell infiltration level, immunosuppressive genes, and tumor mutational burden (TMB). The difference of gene mutant frequency in high- and low-TPD52L2 groups was also analyzed. The results showed that TPD52L2 was over-expressed and predicted worse survival status in LUAD. We also found that TPD52L2 expression was positively associated with the infiltration levels of immunosuppressive cells, such as regulatory T cells (Tregs) and tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs), and negatively correlated with immune killer cells, such as CD8+ T and NK cells in pan-cancer, including LUAD. In addition, TPD52L2 expression was associated with immunosuppressive genes and TMB. High expression of TPD52L2 was with more mutant frequency of TP53. In summary, our results show that TPD52L2 is an oncogene and a potential prognostic biomarker in LUAD. High TPD52L2 expression is a possible indicator of immune infiltration and associated with tumor immunosuppressive status in LUAD.
Metabolic Activation of the Toxic Natural Products From Herbal and Dietary Supplements Leading to Toxicities
Authors: Wang Yi-Kun , Li Wen Qun , Xia Shuang , Guo Lin , Miao Yan , Zhang Bi-Kui
Published: October 2021

Currently, herbal and dietary supplements have been widely applied to prevent and treat various diseases. However, the potential toxicities and adverse reactions of herbal and dietary supplements have been increasingly reported, and have gradually attracted widespread attention from clinical pharmacists and physicians. Metabolic activation of specific natural products from herbal and dietary supplements is mediated by hepatic cytochrome P450 or intestinal bacteria, and generates chemical reactive/toxic metabolites that bind to cellular reduced glutathione or macromolecules, and form reactive metabolites-glutathione/protein/DNA adducts, and these protein/DNA adducts can result in toxicities. The present review focuses on the relation between metabolic activation and toxicities of natural products, and provides updated, comprehensive and critical comment on the toxic mechanisms of reactive metabolites. The key inductive role of metabolic activation in toxicity is highlighted, and frequently toxic functional groups of toxic natural products were summarized. The biotransformation of drug cytochrome P450 or intestinal bacteria involved in metabolic activation were clarified, the reactive metabolites-protein adducts were selected as biomarkers for predicting toxicity. And finally, further perspectives between metabolic activation and toxicities of natural products from herbal and dietary supplements are discussed, to provide a reference for the reasonable and safe usage of herbal and dietary supplements.
Extraction, Structures, Bioactivities and Structure-Function Analysis of the Polysaccharides From Safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.)
Authors: Wu Xiaoyi , Cai Xinbo , Ai Jiaxuan , Zhang Chi , Liu Nan , Gao Wei
Published: October 2021

Safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.) is a herbal plant with a long history of clinical application worldwide, such as coronary heart disease, hypertension, dysmenorrhea and amenorrhea. It is also extensively used as an important oilseed plant for hundreds of years in some countries, like China, India, Mexico and the United States. Therefore, safflower is believed as a crop with dual values of medicine and economy as well. Safflower polysaccharides (SPS), from the plant, are believed as one of the most important biologically active components with multiple pharmacological properties, including anti-tumor, immune regulation, anti-oxidation, and anti-cerebral ischemia reperfusion injury effects. The polysaccharides, from bee pollen of safflower, named PBPC, also attract the attention of researchers because of their particular origin and bioactivities. Although the extraction, purification, structure and biological activities of SPS and PBPC have been studied for decades, there is not any available review both concerning SPS and PBPC. In this condition, this paper aims to systematically review the research progress in extraction, purification, structural characteristics, and bioactivities of SPS and PBPC, and provide basis for the in-depth study about their structure-bioactivity relationship. It will serve as a methodological outline for further research in fields of new drug discovery and clinical application of SPS or PBPC, and simultaneously remind us of unresolved problems noted in the polysaccharide research.
Evaluation of Photoswitching Properties for Hockey Stick-Shaped Mesogens Bearing Azo Benzene Moieties
Authors: Sunil B. N , Monika M. , Shanker Govindaswamy , Hegde Gurumurthy , Prasad Veena
Published: October 2021

In this paper, we report the photoresponsive behavior of hockey stick-shaped mesogens bearing azo wing with different terminal alkoxy chains at one terminal end. Except for the compound E16, which exhibits SmC along with nematic phase, all other mentioned compounds exhibit nematic phase alone. Influence of chain length on the photophysical properties were investigated using UV-Vis spectroscopy. It is observed here that influence of chain length is negligible on thermal back relaxation time. Spectroscopic investigation with variable intensities of UV light studies reveals that reverse cis-trans isomerization process was inversely proportional to the intensity of illuminated light. The present study also reveals that the structure-property relationship plays a dominant role on shape anisotropic structures. A spectroscopic study of the solid sample using guest-host mixture was also carried out and the compilation of results forecast these mesogens as ideal candidates for optical storage devices.
How Is Knowledge Perceived as Power? A Multilevel Model of Knowledge Power in Innovation Networks
Authors: Shi Chengqi , Zhang Fan , Zhu Peiyao , Shi Qinlu
Published: October 2021

Inter-organizational power relations have long been considered to be balanced in innovation networks, which are viewed as loosely coupled systems. Some recent studies, however, show that innovation networks are asymmetric and hierarchical, and the power of network actors has become a significant but rarely addressed issue. As knowledge is the most important resource in the network, this paper introduces the concept of knowledge power by combining related research perspectives and conducting some fundamental research on it as follows: (1) knowledge power’s origins are analyzed by proposing the term “activated knowledge” and studying the path through which it is formed over multiple levels of the network; (2) a multilevel framework of characteristics of activated knowledge, which is considered the major determinant of knowledge power, is established, and suggestions are offered for how they impact knowledge power; and (3) a multilevel measurement model for knowledge power is built, and the above propositions are tested by mathematical inference. The purpose of this paper is not only to study knowledge power’s formation, determinants, and measurement but also to offer a comprehensive view, combining multiple network levels and multiple research perspectives, that should be useful to researchers conducting future studies in this field.
The Mediating Effects of Diabetes Distress, Anxiety, and Cognitive Fusion on the Association Between Neuroticism and Fear of Hypoglycemia in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes
Authors: Huang Jing , Ding Shenglan , Xiong Shuyuan , Liu Zhiping
Published: October 2021

Purpose:To explore the relationship between neuroticism and fear of hypoglycemia (FoH) among patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D), as well as the mediating effects of diabetes distress, anxiety, and cognitive fusion on the relationship between neuroticism and FoH.

Methods:A total of 494 patients with T2D (39.9% females,n= 197) were analyzed using the neuroticism scale of the Eysenck Personality Questionnaire-Revised Short Scale (EPQ-RS), the Fear of Hypoglycemia-15 Scale (FH-15), the Diabetes Distress Scale (DDS), the Self-Rating Anxiety Scale (SAS), and the Cognitive Fusion Questionnaire (CFQ). The bootstrapping method was used to test the separate and parallel mediation models.

Results:FoH was noted in 17.4% (n= 86) of patients. The correlations between neuroticism, diabetes distress, anxiety, cognitive fusion, and FoH were positive. Diabetes distress, anxiety, and cognitive fusion were significant mediators in the association between neuroticism and FoH in both separate and parallel mediation models. In the parallel mediation model, the mediating effect of anxiety was the highest, and the mediating effect of diabetes distress was the lowest, but no significant differences were found in the comparison of these three indirect effects.

Conclusion:This study indicated that neuroticism not only directly affected FoH, but also indirectly influenced FoHviathe increase of diabetes distress, anxiety, and cognitive fusion in patients with T2D. The results provide a theoretical basis for the development of intervention programs to ameliorate patients’ FoH directly and indirectly. Healthcare providers should be encouraged to develop appropriate programs based on improving diabetes distress, anxiety, and cognitive fusion to help patients with T2D improve FoH.
Influence Mechanism of Energy Efficiency Label on Consumers’ Purchasing Behavior of Energy-Saving Household Appliances
Authors: Si-dai Guo , Cheng-Peng Lu , Hang Li , Ning Zhu
Published: October 2021

Mandatory energy efficiency label is an effective way to change consumers’ consumption habits and guide them to buy energy-saving appliances. However, few studies concerned about the impact of energy efficiency label on consumers’ purchasing behavior. Based on the theory of planned behavior (TPB), social cognitive theory and signaling theory, this paper constructs a theoretical model of the effect of the energy label on consumers’ purchasing behavior of energy-saving household appliances. The survey data of 396 household appliance consumers in Mianyang City, China, are collected by the interception method, and the theoretical model is tested by structural equation modeling (SEM). Empirical results of this study indicate that consumers’ cognition and perceived value of energy efficiency label significantly affect label trust. Perceived value has a significant impact on consumers’ purchasing behavior of energy-saving appliances, while label cognition and label trust indirectly influence consumers’ purchasing behavior through the intermediary variable of purchase intention. External environmental factors such as publicity and education as well as subjective norms affect consumers’ actual purchasing behavior through the intermediary effect of purchase intention. This study provides important insights into the policy intervention measures to promote consumers’ purchasing behavior of energy-saving appliances.
Moderating Effect of Chief Executive Officer Narcissism in the Relationship Between Corporate Social Responsibility and Green Technology Innovation
Authors: Yang Hailan , Shi Xiangjiao , Wang Shuo
Published: October 2021

This study focuses on the impact of corporate social responsibility (CSR) on green technology innovation (GTI) of firms and the moderating influence of the chief executive officer (CEO) narcissism through the lens of stakeholder theory and upper echelons theory. This research deconstructs CSR into internal CSR and external CSR in order to reveal the effects of different types of CSR on GTI. Based on a sample of 1,745 firm-year observations from 349 Chinese-listed firms across sectors between 2014 and 2018, we find that the fulfillment of internal CSR has a significant positive impact on GTI. This relationship is strengthened when the CEOs are narcissistic. The external CSR has a significant negative impact on GTI and this relationship is strengthened by CEO narcissism. The major contribution of our study is that it provides a theoretical contribution to the existing literature by deconstructing CSR into internal and external CSRs and enriches the studies in the context of CSR from a point of view of the particular personality trait of a CEO.
Psychotherapy as a Moderator of the Relationship Between Coping Strategies and Anxiety During the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Merlo Gianluca , Nicastro Lucia , Taibi Davide
Published: October 2021

The COVID-19 pandemic has led to the development of several risk factors for mental health, not only for people directly infected but also for those experiencing social isolation, loneliness, and concern for their health. The impact of these factors on individuals’ health and well-being also depends on the type of coping strategies adopted. Moreover, one of the main effects of COVID-19 is the increase in the prevalence of people who manifest anxious or depressive syndromes. This study investigates the relationship between coping strategies and a multidimensional assessment of anxiety symptoms measured during the COVID-19 pandemic in people who were having psychotherapy sessions, while participating in the study had psychotherapy sessions (clinical group) and those who have never done them (non-clinical group). The results of a questionnaire administered online to Italian subjects from June to July, 2020 were analyzed through multiple linear regressions methods to evaluate the role of psychotherapy as moderator between anxiety symptoms and coping strategies. The results of this study highlight that there are substantial differences in functioning between the clinical and non-clinical groups, underlying the key role of psychotherapy as a moderator between anxiety and the coping strategies of avoidance, social support, and positive attitude.
Fostering Students' Autonomy and Engagement in EFL Classroom Through Proximal Classroom Factors: Autonomy-Supportive Behaviors and Student-Teacher Relationships
Authors: Han Kunni
Published: October 2021

Language learning achievement depends on student engagement which is at the center of attention these days. To assist students to become autonomous and independent learners, providing a social and supportive context is beneficial through autonomy-supportive and interaction. When learners are given the freedom to make choices about their education, they are likely to feel more enthusiastic and engaged. Moreover, learners' academic and social practices are largely influenced by educators, who play a major role as social agents and the function of the educators as the most dominant figures is the cornerstone of the language classroom. As there is a dearth of studies that have considered teachers and student interactions among all other effective issues and their significant effect on students' autonomy and engagement from the perspective of self-determination theory (autonomy support), the present review endeavors to focus on teacher-student interaction from the social perspective and their effects on student engagement in EFL classrooms. Subsequently, some implications are presented to elucidate the practice of teachers, students, teacher educators, materials developers.
Validation of Death and Dying Distress Scale-Chinese Version and Prevalence of Death Anxiety Among Patients With Advanced Cancer
Authors: Tang Lili , Zhang Yening , Pang Ying , Zhou Yuhe , Li Jinjiang , Song Lili , He Yi , Li Zimeng , Wang Yan
Published: October 2021

Purpose: Death anxiety is commonly experienced by individuals with advanced cancer who have a limited life expectancy. The Death and Dying Distress Scale (DADDS) is a validated measure that was created to capture this experience; but no Chinese version is available to date. We conducted a cross-sectional study to explore the psychometric properties of a Chinese version DADDS (DADDS-C) and address prevalence of death anxiety among patients with advanced cancer.

Methods: Patients with advanced cancer were recruited from Peking University Cancer Hospital. Measures administered included: DADDS-C, Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9), General Anxiety Disorder-7(GAD-7), Quality of Life at End of Life in Cancer (QUAL-EC), Functional Assessment of Chronic Illness Therapy-Spiritual Well-Being Scale (FACIT-sp). McDonald's Omega, Cronbach's alpha, Exploratory Factor Analysis and Confirmatory Factor Analysis were used to test DADDS-C's reliability and validity. Logistic regression analysis was used to identify risk factors for death anxiety.

Results: Of 300 patients approached, 256 (85%) provided informed consent and completed the questionnaires. Of these participants, 43 (16.8%) had moderate death anxiety based on scores of ≥45 on the DADDS-C. Three factors (feeling shortness of time, dying and death distress, being a burden to others) explained 71.643% of shared variation with factor loadings ranging from 0.629 to 0.822. Cronbach's alpha was 0.939; Omega total was 0.959. DADDS-C had acceptable convergent and discriminant validity. Logistic regression analysis indicated that two factors (better relationship with healthcare providers and preparation for end of life) protected patients from death anxiety.

Conclusion: DADDS-C is a valid tool for measuring death anxiety in Chinese patients with advanced cancer. The presence of at least moderate death anxiety in a substantial minority of these patients calls for screening for this symptom and for more routine psychological interventions to alleviate and prevent such distress in this population.
Machine Learning Prediction of Treatment Outcome in Late-Life Depression
Authors: Grzenda Adrienne , Speier William , Siddarth Prabha , Pant Anurag , Krause-Sorio Beatrix , Narr Katherine , Lavretsky Helen
Published: October 2021

Background: Recent evidence suggests that integration of multi-modal data improves performance in machine learning prediction of depression treatment outcomes. Here, we compared the predictive performance of three machine learning classifiers using differing combinations of sociodemographic characteristics, baseline clinical self-reports, cognitive tests, and structural magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) features to predict treatment outcomes in late-life depression (LLD).

Methods: Data were combined from two clinical trials conducted with depressed adults aged 60 and older, including response to escitalopram (N = 32, NCT01902004) and Tai Chi (N = 35, NCT02460666). Remission was defined as a score of 6 or less on the 24-item Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression (HAMD) at the end of 24 weeks of treatment. Features subsets were constructed from baseline sociodemographic and clinical features, gray matter volumes (GMVs), or both. Three classification algorithms were compared: (1) Support Vector Machine-Radial Bias Function (SVMRBF), (2) Random Forest (RF), and (3) Logistic Regression (LR). A repeated 5-fold cross-validation approach with a wrapper-based feature selection method was used for model fitting. Model performance metrics included Area under the ROC Curve (AUC) and Matthews correlation coefficient (MCC). Cross-validated performance significance was tested by permutation analysis. Classifiers were compared by Cochran's Q and post-hoc pairwise comparisons using McNemar's Chi-Square test with Bonferroni correction.

Results: For the RF and SVMRBF algorithms, the combined feature set outperformed the clinical and GMV feature sets with a final cross-validated AUC of 0.83 ± 0.11 and 0.80 ± 0.11, respectively. Both classifiers passed permutation analysis. The LR algorithm performed best using GMV features alone (AUC 0.79 ± 0.14) but failed to pass permutation analysis using any feature set. Performance of the three classifiers differed significantly for all three features sets. Important predictive features of treatment response included anterior and posterior cingulate volumes, depression characteristics, and self-reported health-related quality scores.

Conclusion: This preliminary exploration into the use of ML and multi-modal data to identify predictors of general treatment response in LLD indicates that integration of clinical and structural MRI features significantly increases predictive capability. Identified features are among those previously implicated in geriatric depression, encouraging future work in this arena.
Maternal Perceptions of Infant Behavior as a Potential Indicator of Parents or Infants in Need of Additional Support and Intervention
Authors: Frankel Leslie A. , Umemura Tomotaka , Pfeffer Kendall A. , Powell Elisabeth M. , Hughes K. R.
Published: October 2021

The goal of the present study is to examine the relationship between early infant behaviors, which can be easily reported by parents, with parent-infant bonding and maternal mental health. It has long been established that child characteristics and behaviors have a significant impact on parent well-being and how parents respond to their infants. Examining parent perceptions of challenging infant behaviors may help health professionals identify high risk infants in need of intervention and mothers in need of additional support. Mothers of 73 infants between the ages of 3.5 weeks and 6 months filled out questionnaires. Infant stomach issues were positively correlated with bonding issues, maternal anxiety and maternal depression. Infant crying issues were also positively correlated with bonding issues, maternal anxiety and maternal depression. Potential clinical and research applications of the instrument include early identification of caregivers in need of support and screening for further clinical assessment and care.
The Relationship Between Socio-Demographic Factors and Tuberculosis Mortality in the Republic of Korea During 2008–2017
Authors: Chung SeoYeon , Seon Jeong-Yeon , Lee Seung Heon , Kim Hae-Young , Lee Yeo Wool , Bae Kyoungeun , Oh In-Hwan
Published: October 2021

The Republic of Korea has a high incidence of tuberculosis (TB) and TB-specific mortality rate. In 2019, it had the second highest TB-specific mortality among Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development countries. Understanding the factors associated with TB-specific deaths may help eradicate the disease. Therefore, we aimed to identify the general characteristics associated with TB-specific mortality among Koreans. Using Causes of Death Statistics data from Statistics Korea, we assessed the year of death, sex, age, occupation, area of residence, marital status, and education level reported between 2008 and 2017. Patient characteristics associated with TB-specific deaths were analyzed using the Chi-squared test, while influencing factors of TB-specific mortality were analyzed using logistic regression analysis to calculate adjusted odds ratios (AOR). Female (AOR: 0.509, 95% CI: 0.493–0.526), those with a graduate degree or higher (AOR: 0.559, 95% CI: 0.474–0.660) had lower TB-specific mortality rates than those of their counterparts. Conversely, those aged ≥70 years (AOR: 1.239, 95% CI: 1.199–1.280), single (AOR: 1.355, 95% CI: 1.315–1.396), and skilled agricultural, forestry, and fishery workers (AOR: 1.441, 95% CI: 1.359–1.529) had higher TB-specific mortality rates than those of their counterparts. In conclusion, TB-specific mortality rates differed according to the characteristics of the deceased patients. In order to establish effective TB control, multisectoral action on broader determinants should be strengthened.
Governmental Investments in Hospital Infrastructure Among Regions and Its Efficiency in China: An Assessment of Building Construction
Authors: Lan Tianjiao , Chen Ting , Hu Yifan , Yang Yili , Pan Jay
Published: October 2021

Hospital infrastructure has been addressed as the prerequisite of healthcare delivery which intensively affects medical quality. Over the past decade, China has proposed a series of investment plans for hospital infrastructure in order to promote healthcare development in underdeveloped regions. Focusing on the construction of hospital buildings as the key component of hospital infrastructure, this study aims to examine whether the investment efficiency is lower where a government prioritizes equity and to explore what kind of geographical predispositions should be embedded in governmental investment plans for hospital infrastructures from the perspectives of both investment equity and efficiency. Relevant data from 330 governmental-invested hospital building construction projects in Sichuan province, China, from 2009 to 2018 were collected. Concentration index was used to evaluate the equity in the distribution of the investments. Tobit model was employed to explore the relationship between regional economic development and investment efficiency measured by an integrated approach of principal component analysis and data envelopment analysis. The results demonstrated a slight concentration of governmental investments in economically developed regions, while a negative association with regional economic development was identified with investment efficiency. Our study illustrated the investment efficiency was higher where a government prioritized equity and provided empirical evidences on switching governmental investment predisposition in the aspect of healthcare infrastructure construction toward less developed regions in China from the perspectives of both investment allocation equity and efficiency, which would further assist in the formulation of region-specific policies and strategies for underdeveloped regions.
Optimal Signaling Schemes and Sum-Capacity of 1-bit ADC Fading 2-User MACs under Gaussian-Mixture Interference
Authors: Rahman Md Hasan , Ranjbar Mohammad , Tran Nghi H. , Pham Khanh
Published: October 2021

In this work, we establish the sum-capacity-achieving signaling schemes and the sum-capacity of a 2-user multiple access Rayleigh fading channel with 1-bit output quantization in the presence of Gaussian-mixture co-channel interference. The considered Gaussian mixture channel is an accurate model to capture non-Gaussian co-channel interference plus noise in practical wireless networks under coexistence regimes, especially for those having heterogeneous structures and high frequency reuse factor. By first examining the phases of the optimal input signals, we demonstrate that these phases must beπ/2 circularly symmetric. As a result, the problem of optimizing the sum-rate is equivalent to minimizing the conditional output entropy. By establishing the Kuhn-Tucker condition on the optimal amplitude input distributions, we then show that the optimal input amplitudes are bounded. Our proof relies on the convexity of the log of sum ofQfunctions. Then, given the linearity of the conditional entropy over the feasible set of bounded amplitude distributions, it is concluded that the optimal input signals must have constant amplitudes. Therefore, the use of anyπ/2 circularly symmetric signaling schemes with constant amplitudes and full power are sum-capacity-achieving. Using these optimal input signals, the sum-capacity can finally be calculated.
Comparative Analysis of Model-Based Predictive Shared Control for Delayed Operation in Object Reaching and Recognition Tasks With Tactile Sensing
Authors: Costi Leone , Scimeca Luca , Maiolino Perla , Lalitharatne Thilina Dulantha , Nanayakkara Thrishantha , Hashem Ryman , Iida Fumiya
Published: October 2021

Communication delay represents a fundamental challenge in telerobotics: on one hand, it compromises the stability of teleoperated robots, on the other hand, it decreases the user’s awareness of the designated task. In scientific literature, such a problem has been addressed both with statistical models and neural networks (NN) to perform sensor prediction, while keeping the user in full control of the robot’s motion. We propose shared control as a tool to compensate and mitigate the effects of communication delay. Shared control has been proven to enhance precision and speed in reaching and manipulation tasks, especially in the medical and surgical fields. We analyse the effects of added delay and propose a unilateral teleoperated leader-follower architecture that both implements a predictive system and shared control, in a 1-dimensional reaching and recognition task with haptic sensing. We propose four different control modalities of increasing autonomy: non-predictive human control (HC), predictive human control (PHC), (shared) predictive human-robot control (PHRC), and predictive robot control (PRC). When analyzing how the added delay affects the subjects’ performance, the results show that the HC is very sensitive to the delay: users are not able to stop at the desired position and trajectories exhibit wide oscillations. The degree of autonomy introduced is shown to be effective in decreasing the total time requested to accomplish the task. Furthermore, we provide a deep analysis of environmental interaction forces and performed trajectories. Overall, the shared control modality, PHRC, represents a good trade-off, having peak performance in accuracy and task time, a good reaching speed, and a moderate contact with the object of interest.
Educate Kermit Roosevelt Through Sport Hunting and Train Him for Government Missions. Roosevelt Scientific Mission to English Equatorial Africa in 1909
Authors: Chasles Romain
Published: October 2021

The practice of sport hunting in colonized areas presents a set of knowledge and techniques indispensable to self-control and the domination of territories elsewhere by colonial empires, by their leaders and, more generally, by the political elites of the Northern states. During his scientific mission to English Equatorial Africa in 1909, Theodore Roosevelt responded to a double commission from the Smithsonian Institute and the American Museum in Washington. In this African mission, he brought and trained his youngest son Kermit, aged 20, in an initiatory journey. This article proposes to study this ritual of passage and the practice of sport hunting in the English colonial space as a revelation of the socio-racial hierarchies at work in the territories dominated by the English Empire.
Host-Adaptive Signatures of H3N2 Influenza Virus in Canine
Authors: Li Xueyun , Liu Jia , Qiu Zengzhao , Liao Qijun , Peng Yani , Chen Yongkun , Shu Yuelong
Published: October 2021

Wild aquatic birds are the primary natural reservoir of influenza A viruses (IAVs), although a small number of viruses can spill over to mammals and circulate. The focus of IAV infection in mammals was largely limited to humans and swine variants, until the emergence of H3N2 canine influenza viruses (CIVs), which provides new perspective for interspecies transmission of the virus. In this study, we captured 54 canine-adaptive signatures in H3N2 CIVs through entropy computation, which were largely concentrated in the interaction region of polymerase proteins on ribonucleoprotein complex. The receiver operating characteristic curves of these sites showed >95% accuracy in distinguishing between the hosts. Nine of the 54 canine-adaptive signatures were shared in avian–human/equine or equine–canine (PB2-82; PB1-361; PA-277; HA-81, 111, 172, 196, 222, 489), suggesting their involvement in canine adaptation. Furthermore, we found that IAVs can establish persistent transmission in lower mammals with greater ease compared to higher mammals, and 25 common adaptation signatures of H3 IAVs were observed in diverse avian–mammals comparison. There were few human-like residues in H3N2 CIVs, which suggested a low risk of human infection. Our study highlights the necessity of identifying and monitoring the emerging adaptive mutations in companion animals by enhanced surveillance and provides a basis for mammal adaptation of avian influenza viruses.
The Improvement of the Precision of the Archimedean Spiral Toothline Gear Cutting Mill
Authors: Gyéresi Hunor András , Cristea Luciana , Máté Márton
Published: October 2021

The precision of gears has a major influence on the quality of the transmission. If the gear cannot be finished by grinding, the precision of the generating tool becomes essential. Archimedean spiral toothline cylindrical gears are obtained by reciprocate meshing using a milling cutter built up by individual cutters, organized in groups. The profiles of edges must be realized with a minimal profile error. In order to ensure the quality and the precision of the meshed tooth surface, and also the profile constancy after re-sharpening, relief faces must be realized by a grinding relieving operation. A secondary effect of the kinematics of relieving end the spatial extent of the grinding wheel a post undercut results and this produces an inevitable profile error. The present paper discusses a possible grinding wheel setting that produces a maximum theoretical profile error under 1μm along the whole re-sharpening reserve of the cutter. The proposed setting can be realized on a classical relieving lathe.
The Conditions of Undercut By Shaping Using a Rounded Profile Gear Shaper Cutter
Authors: Norbert Hodgyai , Ferenc Tolvaly-Roșca , Márton Máté
Published: October 2021

The present paper deals with the cases of undercut when not only the linear but the curved segment of the generatrix curve is also taken in consideration. The literature admits the approximation of the root fillet with a circular arc with a radius of 0,38 m. In this paper, instead of this approximation, the real envelope realized by the rounded rack-head is computed. In analyzing the undercut there are two classical synthetic geometrical models supporting Litvin’s general equations that describe the condition of avoiding the undercut: one for the linear and one for the rounded part of the generatrix. The scope of exact computing of the root fillet curve consists in optimizing the cutting toll tooth topland geometry to obtain the best rigidity. The numerically evaluated models allow us to conclude that profile shifting can be pushed below the undercut limits stated in the classical literature, without the appearance of the well-known fracture point on the meshed tooth profile.
Thermal Behaviour Analysis of Complex Joints for an Energy Efficient School Building
Authors: Karda Szilárd , Nagy-György Tamás , Boros József
Published: October 2021

Energy-efficient buildings have received increasing attention in recent times as they represent a direction that promotes the objectives of a sustainable, competitive and decarbonized energy policy. In order to meet the minimum requirements of the nearly zero-energy buildings (nZEB) the thermal characteristics of the envelope play an important role. The aim of the paper is to present and analyse the thermal behaviour of complex joints for an energy efficient school building, for which the formation of thermal bridges has been reduced by applying improved geometrical and technological solutions. Since most of the thermal bridge catalogues did not provide updated details for the studied joints, numerical calculations, as two-dimensional finite elements thermal simulations, were performed to determine thermal transmittance coefficients and the U-value..
Movement Characteristics of a Dual-Spin Guided Projectile Subjected to a Lateral Impulse
Authors: Yang Zhiwei , Wang Liangming , Chen Jianwei
Published: October 2021

In this paper, a new dual-spin guided projectile that is equipped with ten lateral impulse jets is proposed for trajectory correction. To guide the overall design of the projectile and the control system, a linear motion model of the projectile that was subjected to a lateral impulse was obtained based on a full nonlinear seven-degree-of-freedom (7-DOF) dynamic model. The trajectory correction process of a lateral impulse was divided into two stages. To explain the principle of lateral impulse trajectory correction, the analytical solutions of the linear model of these two stages were obtained. Analytical and numerical solutions were compared to verify the accuracy of the linear model. It is concluded that the analytical and numerical solutions are in good agreement.
A Control Method of Space Manipulator for Peg-in-Hole Assembly Task Considering Equivalent Stiffness Optimization
Authors: Pan Guangtang , Jia Qingxuan , Chen Gang , Li Tong , Liu Chuankai
Published: October 2021

To meet the control requirements of high precision and high robustness for peg-in-hole assembly tasks, an optimized control method for a peg-in-hole assembly task of a space manipulator is proposed to reduce the system disturbance caused by the change contact status during the assembly process. The first step is to build an equivalent stiffness model, which considers the structure and control characteristics of the space manipulator. Flexibility indices along the assembly direction are then created. On completion of the flexibility indices, the assembly configuration of the manipulator is optimized with the gain of the joint controller. After that, based on the sliding mode impedance control law, the disturbance of contact force is compensated using a zero-sum optimal control compensation strategy. Finally, the correctness and effectiveness of the control method are verified through simulation experiments. The results of the simulation experiments show that the contact force of the space manipulator can be precisely controlled by the method proposed in this paper. Compared with existing methods, the sudden change of contact force and the disturbing force of the base are reduced by 90% and 54%, respectively. A control method of the space manipulator for a peg-in-hole assembly task considering the equivalent stiffness optimization is proposed, which effectively reduces the influence of disturbance caused by contact collision and improves the control robustness of peg-in-hole assembly tasks.