bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Importance of Spiritual Values in the Process of Managerial Decision-Making in the Enterprise
Authors: Szromek Adam R.
Published: July 2020

Making decisions in the enterprise is a complex process of choosing the optimal solution. A manager who makes decisions in the management process is guided by a set of managerial criteria and competencies. The manager’s competences are shaped in the process of education and experience acquisition. However, the manager also has its own system of values that can affect the decision-making process. The article presents the results of qualitative study carried out in 52 Polish enterprises, the managers of which declare that they uphold Christian values. The objective of the study was to determine the influence of Christian values on the cooperation with employees, competition, state administration, local community, contractors, and customers. The studies determine both the level of use of the professed values when it comes to enterprise management and the likelihood of the managers to promote Christian values that they uphold. The theoretical issues were based on the review of scientific literature on managerial competences, as well as management carried out on the basis of biblical principles and especially on management by gospel. The results of the research reveal strong engagement of Christian managers in the implementation of the professed values in the enterprise management and low engagement when it comes to promoting the Christian values they uphold.
Productivity and Economic Evaluation of Agroforestry Systems for Sustainable Production of Food and Non-Food Products
Authors: Lehmann Lisa Mølgaard , Smith Jo , Westaway Sally , Pisanelli Andrea , Russo Giuseppe , Borek Robert , Sandor Mignon , Gliga Adrian , Smith Laurence , Ghaley Bhim Bahadur
Published: July 2020

Agroforestry systems have multifunctional roles in enhancing agronomic productivity, co-production of diversity of food and non-food products and provision of ecosystem services. The knowledge of the performance of agroforestry systems compared with monoculture is scarce and scattered. Hence, the objective of the study was to analyze the agronomic productivity and economic viability of diverse agroforestry systems in Europe. A network of five agroforestry systems integrating arable crops, livestock and biomass trees was investigated to assess the range of agricultural products in each agroforestry system. Land Equivalent Ratio (LER) was used to measure the agronomic productivity, whereas gross margin was used as an indicator for economic viability assessment. LER values ranged from 1.36–2.00, indicating that agroforestry systems were more productive by 36–100% compared to monocultures. Agroforestry gross margin was lower in Denmark (€112 ha−1 year−1) compared to United Kingdom (€5083 ha−1 year−1) and the crop component yielded higher returns compared to negative returns from the tree component in agroforestry. Hence, the study provided robust field-based evidence on agronomic productivity and economic viability assessment of agroforestry systems in diverse contexts for informed decision making by land managers, advisory services, farmers and policymakers.
An Actor-Oriented Multi-Criteria Assessment Framework to Support a Transition towards Sustainable Agricultural Systems Based on Crop Diversification
Authors: Iocola Ileana , Angevin Frederique , Bockstaller Christian , Catarino Rui , Curran Michael , Messéan Antoine , Schader Christian , Stilmant Didier , Van Stappen Florence , Vanhove Paul , Ahnemann Hauke , Berthomier Jérémy , Colombo Luca , Dara Guccione Giovanni , Mérot Emmanuel , Palumbo Massimo , Virzì Nino , Canali Stefano
Published: July 2020

Crop diversification represents a key lever to support the development of sustainable agri-food systems. Knowledge on trade-offs and carry over effects from different crop diversification strategies is essential to inform agricultural stakeholders of potential costs and benefits. This knowledge is limited by existing data and performance measures predominantly focused on single crops, rather than complete rotations. Moreover, sustainability performance indicators are often used for assessment purposes, rather than supporting stakeholder learning and actions. A new set of 32 indicators was developed to address these needs, and used to evaluate the environmental, economic and social sustainability of the diversified agricultural systems highlighted in the case studies, which are often characterized by data availability constraints. This approach was tested in France, Germany and Italy to determine a critical ex-post diagnosis of the existing systems, and for the assessment of ex-ante innovative scenarios. The results will be used to support these case studies in the identification and design of more sustainable agricultural systems. Although the framework is based on feasible and proxy indicators, the assessment outcomes have allowed local actors to reflect on the effects generated by the implemented crop diversification strategies. Key issues include trade-offs occurring between optimizing economic and environmental performance.
Rethinking the Income Inequality and Financial Development Nexus. A Study of Nine OECD Countries
Authors: de la Cuesta-González Marta , Ruza Cristina , Rodríguez-Fernández José M.
Published: July 2020

Sustainable finance seeks to increase the contribution of finance to sustainable and inclusive growth. The global financial crisis of 2008 provoked the return of inequality in advanced countries to levels typical of a century ago. The aim of this paper is to empirically analyze the relationship between finance and income inequality for a group of nine OECD countries over the pre-crisis and post-crisis periods (2000–2015). The model proposed in this study simultaneously considers two explanatory variables for measuring financial depth (credit provision and capital markets) and a new multidimensional variable to measure the financial system’s resilience (a composite indicator), and conducts panel data analysis. The empirical results confirm that in terms of financial depth, the "too much finance hypothesis" holds. We also find that financial system’s resilience helps alleviate existing income inequality and that income inequality appears higher in liberal market economies than in coordinated economies. These results encourage policymakers to look beyond traditional public redistribution interventions and to pay attention to other financial variables related to the financialization process, the behavior of financial intermediaries, and the specific environment in which they operate.
Valuing Physical and Social Output: A Rapid Assessment of a London Community Garden
Authors: Schoen Victoria , Caputo Silvio , Blythe Chris
Published: July 2020

The value of urban farms and gardens in terms of their potential for supplying a healthy diet to local residents is well known. However, the prime objective of these spaces often differs from one of food production with this being the means by which other outputs are achieved. Valuing these spaces that provide diverse benefits is therefore a complex exercise as any measure needs to incorporate their physical as well as their social outputs. Only through such an integrated approach is the true value of these gardens revealed and the scale of their potential for contributing to health agendas made apparent. Social return on investment studies can be heavily resource dependent and the rapid cost benefit approach advanced here suggests that with limited expertise and minimal invasion of volunteer and beneficiary time and space, a public value return on investment ratio can be estimated relatively rapidly using an ‘off the shelf’ tool. For the food growing area of a London community garden, a return on investment of £3 for every £1 invested is calculated. This demonstrates the contribution that community gardens can make to social wellbeing within cities and justifies a call for further recognition of these spaces in urban planning policy.
Hydrogen in Aluminium-Coated Steels Exposed to Synthetic Seawater
Authors: Paul Shiladitya
Published: July 2020

Thermally sprayed aluminium (TSA) coatings provide protection to offshore steel structures without the use of external cathodic protection (CP) systems. These coatings provide sacrificial protection in the same way as a galvanic anode, and thus hydrogen embrittlement (HE) becomes a major concern with the use of high strength steels. The effect of TSA on the HE of steel seems to remain largely unknown. Further, the location of hydrogen in TSA-coated steel has not been explored. To address the above knowledge gap, API 5L X80 and AISI 4137 steel coupons, with and without TSA, were prepared and the amount of hydrogen present in these steels when cathodically polarised to −1.1 V (Ag/AgCl) for 30 days in synthetic seawater was determined. One set of TSA-coated specimens was left at open circuit potential (OCP). The study indicates that the amount of hydrogen present in TSA-coated steel is ~100 times more than the amount found in uncoated steel, and that the hydrogen seems to be largely localised in the TSA layer.
SU(2) Symmetry of Qubit States and Heisenberg–Weyl Symmetry of Systems with Continuous Variables in the Probability Representation of Quantum Mechanics
Authors: Adam Peter , Andreev Vladimir , Man’ko Margarita , Man’ko Vladimir , Mechler Matyas
Published: July 2020

In view of the probabilistic quantizer–dequantizer operators introduced, the qubit states (spin-1/2 particle states, two-level atom states) realizing the irreducible representation of the S U ( 2 ) symmetry group are identified with probability distributions (including the conditional ones) of classical-like dichotomic random variables. The dichotomic random variables are spin-1/2 particle projections m = ± 1 / 2 onto three perpendicular directions in the space. The invertible maps of qubit density operators onto fair probability distributions are constructed. In the suggested probability representation of quantum states, the Schrödinger and von Neumann equations for the state vectors and density operators are presented in explicit forms of the linear classical-like kinetic equations for the probability distributions of random variables. The star-product and quantizer–dequantizer formalisms are used to study the qubit properties; such formalisms are discussed for photon tomographic probability distribution and its correspondence to the Heisenberg–Weyl symmetry properties.
Asymmetric Membranes: A Potential Scaffold for Wound Healing Applications
Authors: Mousavi Seyyed Mojtaba , Zarei Maryam , Hashemi Seyyed Alireza , Ramakrishna Seeram , Chiang Wei-Hung , Lai Chin Wei , Gholami Ahmad , Omidifar Navid , Shokripour Mansoureh
Published: July 2020

Currently, due to uprising concerns about wound infections, healing agents have been regarded as one of the major solutions in the treatment of different skin lesions. The usage of temporary barriers can be an effective way to protect wounds or ulcers from dangerous agents and, using these carriers can not only improve the healing process but also they can minimize the scarring and the pain suffered by the human. To cope with this demand, researchers struggled to develop wound dressing agents that could mimic the structural and properties of native skin with the capability to inhibit bacterial growth. Hence, asymmetric membranes that can impair bacterial penetration and avoid exudate accumulation as well as wound dehydration have been introduced. In general, synthetic implants and tissue grafts are expensive, hard to handle (due to their fragile nature and poor mechanical properties) and their production process is very time consuming, while the asymmetric membranes are affordable and their production process is easier than previous epidermal substitutes. Motivated by this, here we will cover different topics, first, the comprehensive research developments of asymmetric membranes are reviewed and second, general properties and different preparation methods of asymmetric membranes are summarized. In the two last parts, the role of chitosan based-asymmetric membranes and electrospun asymmetric membranes in hastening the healing process are mentioned respectively. The aforementioned membranes are inexpensive and possess high antibacterial and satisfactory mechanical properties. It is concluded that, despite the promising current investigations, much effort is still required to be done in asymmetric membranes.
Method for Retrieving Digital Agricultural Text Information Based on Local Matching
Authors: Song Yue , Wang Minjuan , Gao Wanlin
Published: July 2020

In order to improve the retrieval results of digital agricultural text information and improve the efficiency of retrieval, the method for searching digital agricultural text information based on local matching is proposed. The agricultural text tree and the query tree are constructed to generate the relationship of ancestor–descendant in the query and map it to the agricultural text. According to the retrieval method of the local matching, the vector retrieval method is used to calculate the digital agricultural text and submit the similarity between the queries. The similarity is sorted from large to small so that the agricultural text tree can output digital agricultural text information in turn. In the case of adding interference information, the recall rate and precision rate of the proposed method are above 99.5%; the average retrieval time is between 4s and 6s, and the average retrieval efficiency is above 99%. The proposed method is more efficient in information retrieval and can obtain comprehensive and accurate search results, which can be used for the rapid retrieval of digital agricultural text information.
A Confront between Amati and Combo Correlations at Intermediate and Early Redshifts
Authors: Muccino Marco
Published: July 2020

I consider two gamma-ray burst (GRB) correlations: Amati and Combo. After calibrating them in a cosmology-independent way by employing Beziér polynomials to approximate the Observational Hubble Dataset (OHD), I perform Markov Chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) simulations within the Λ CDM and the wCDM models. The results from the Amati GRB dataset do not agree with the standard Λ CDM model at a confidence level ≥ 3 – σ . For the Combo correlation, all MCMC simulations give best-fit parameters which are consistent within 1– σ with the Λ CDM model. Pending the clarification of whether the diversity of these results is statistical, due to the difference in the dataset sizes, or astrophysical, implying the search for the most suited correlation for cosmological analyses, future investigations require larger datasets to increase the predictive power of both correlations and enable more refined analyses on the possible non-zero curvature of the Universe and the dark energy equation of state and evolution.
Corrections to Wigner–Eckart Relations by Spontaneous Symmetry Breaking
Authors: Heissenberg Carlo , Strocchi Franco
Published: July 2020

The matrix elements of operators transforming as irreducible representations of an unbroken symmetry group G are governed by the well-known Wigner–Eckart relations. In the case of infinite-dimensional systems, with G spontaneously broken, we prove that the corrections to such relations are provided by symmetry breaking Ward identities, and simply reduce to a tadpole term involving Goldstone bosons. The analysis extends to the case in which an explicit symmetry breaking term is present in the Hamiltonian, with the tadpole term now involving pseudo Goldstone bosons. An explicit example is discussed, illustrating the two cases.
Charge Conjugation Symmetry in the Finite Basis Approximation of the Dirac Equation
Authors: Salman Maen , Saue Trond
Published: July 2020

Four-component relativistic atomic and molecular calculations are typically performed within the no-pair approximation where negative-energy solutions are discarded. These states are, however, needed in QED calculations, wherein, furthermore, charge conjugation symmetry, which connects electronic and positronic solutions, becomes an issue. In this work, we shall discuss the realization of charge conjugation symmetry of the Dirac equation in a central field within the finite basis approximation. Three schemes for basis set construction are considered: restricted, inverse, and dual kinetic balance. We find that charge conjugation symmetry can be realized within the restricted and inverse kinetic balance prescriptions, but only with a special form of basis functions that does not obey the right boundary conditions of the radial wavefunctions. The dual kinetic balance prescription is, on the other hand, compatible with charge conjugation symmetry without restricting the form of the radial basis functions. However, since charge conjugation relates solutions of opposite value of the quantum number κ , this requires the use of basis sets chosen according to total angular momentum j rather than orbital angular momentum ℓ. As a special case, we consider the free-particle Dirac equation, where opposite energy solutions are related by charge conjugation symmetry. We show that there is additional symmetry in that solutions of the same value of κ come in pairs of opposite energy.
Symmetries in Phase Portrait
Authors: Krasnov Yakov , Koylyshov Umbetkul K.
Published: July 2020

We construct polynomial dynamical systems x ′ = P ( x ) with symmetries present in the local phase portrait. This point of view on symmetry yields the approaches to ODEs construction being amenable to classical methods of the Spectral Analysis.
The Spinor-Tensor Gravity of the Classical Dirac Field
Authors: Chiarelli Piero
Published: July 2020

In this work, with the help of the quantum hydrodynamic formalism, the gravitational equation associated with the classical Dirac field is derived. The hydrodynamic representation of the Dirac equation described by the evolution of four mass densities, subject to the theory-defined quantum potential, has been generalized to the curved space-time in the covariant form. Thence, the metric of space-time has been defined by imposing the minimum action principle. The derived gravity shows the spontaneous emergence of the “cosmological” gravity tensor (CGT), a generalization of the classical cosmological constant (CC), as a part of the energy-impulse tensor density (EITD). Even if the classical cosmological constant is set to zero, the CGT is non-zero, allowing a stable quantum vacuum (out of the collapsed branched polymer phase). The theory shows that in the classical macroscopic limit, the general relativity equation is recovered. In the perturbative approach, the CGT leads to a second-order correction to Newtonian gravity that takes contribution from the space where the mass is localized (and the space-time is curvilinear), while it tends to zero as the space-time approaches the flat vacuum, leading, as a means, to an overall cosmological constant that may possibly be compatible with the astronomical observations. The Dirac field gravity shows analogies with the modified Brans–Dicke gravity, where each spinor term brings an effective gravity constant G divided by its field squared. The work shows that in order to obtain the classical minimum action principle and the general relativity limit of the macroscopic classical scale, quantum decoherence is necessary.
The Requirements for New Tools for Use by Pilots and the Aviation Industry to Manage Risks Pertaining to Work-Related Stress (WRS) and Wellbeing, and the Ensuing Impact on Performance and Safety
Authors: Cahill Joan , Cullen Paul , Anwer Sohaib , Gaynor Keith , Wilson Simon
Published: July 2020

Work is part of our wellbeing and a key driver of a person’s health. Pilots need to be fit for duty and aware of risks that compromise their health/wellbeing. Recent studies suggest that work-related stress (WRS) impacts on pilot health and wellbeing, performance, and flight safety. This paper reports on the advancement of new tools for pilots and airlines to support the management of WRS and wellbeing. This follows from five phases of stakeholder evaluation research and analysis. Existing pre-flight checklists should be extended to enable the crew to evaluate their health and wellbeing. New checklists might be developed for use by pilots while off duty supporting an assessment of (1) their biopsychosocial health status and (2) how they are coping. This involves the advancement of phone apps with different wellness functions. Pending pilot consent, data captured in these tools might be shared in a de-identified format with the pilot’s airline. Existing airline safety management systems (SMS) and flight rostering/planning systems might be augmented to make use of this data from an operational and risk/safety management perspective. Fatigue risk management systems (and by implication airline rostering/flight planning systems) need to be extended to consider the relationship between fatigue risk and the other dimensions of a pilot’s wellbeing. Further, pending permission, pilot data might be shared with airline employee assistance program (EAP) personnel and aeromedical examiners. In addition, new training formats should be devised to support pilot coping skills. The proposed tools can support the management of WRS and wellbeing. In turn, this will support performance and safety. The pilot specific tools will enable the practice of healthy behaviors, which in turn strengthens a pilot’s resistance to stress. Healthy work relates to the creation of positive wellbeing within workplaces and workforces and has significant societal implications. Pilots face many occupational hazards that are part of their jobs. Pilots, the aviation industry, and society should recognize and support the many activities that contribute to positive wellbeing for pilots. Social justice is a basic premise for quality of employment and quality of life.
Targeting HIV-1 RNase H: N’-(2-Hydroxy-benzylidene)-3,4,5-Trihydroxybenzoylhydrazone as Selective Inhibitor Active against NNRTIs-Resistant Variants
Authors: Corona Angela , Ballana Ester , Distinto Simona , Rogolino Dominga , Del Vecchio Claudia , Carcelli Mauro , Badia Roger , Riveira-Muñoz Eva , Esposito Francesca , Parolin Cristina , Esté José A. , Grandi Nicole , Tramontano Enzo
Published: July 2020

HIV-1 infection requires life-long treatment and with 2.1 million new infections/year, faces the challenge of an increased rate of transmitted drug-resistant mutations. Therefore, a constant and timely effort is needed to identify new HIV-1 inhibitors active against drug-resistant variants. The ribonuclease H (RNase H) activity of HIV-1 reverse transcriptase (RT) is a very promising target, but to date, still lacks an efficient inhibitor. Here, we characterize the mode of action of N’-(2-hydroxy-benzylidene)-3,4,5-trihydroxybenzoylhydrazone (compound 13), an N-acylhydrazone derivative that inhibited viral replication (EC50 = 10 µM), while retaining full potency against the NNRTI-resistant double mutant K103N-Y181C virus. Time-of-addition and biochemical assays showed that compound 13 targeted the reverse-transcription step in cell-based assays and inhibited the RT-associated RNase H function, being >20-fold less potent against the RT polymerase activity. Docking calculations revealed that compound 13 binds within the RNase H domain in a position different from other selective RNase H inhibitors; site-directed mutagenesis studies revealed interactions with conserved amino acid within the RNase H domain, suggesting that compound 13 can be taken as starting point to generate a new series of more potent RNase H selective inhibitors active against circulating drug-resistant variants.
Beyond Cholera: Characterization of zot-Encoding Filamentous Phages in the Marine Fish Pathogen Vibrio anguillarum
Authors: Mauritzen Jesper Juel , Castillo Daniel , Tan Demeng , Svenningsen Sine Lo , Middelboe Mathias
Published: July 2020

Zonula occludens toxin (Zot) is a conserved protein in filamentous vibriophages and has been reported as a putative toxin in Vibrio cholerae. Recently, widespread distribution of zot-encoding prophages was found among marine Vibrio species, including environmental isolates. However, little is known about the dynamics of these prophages beyond V. cholerae. In this study, we characterized and quantified the zot-encoding filamentous phage VAIϕ, spontaneously induced from the fish pathogen V. anguillarum. VAIϕ contained 6117 bp encoding 11 ORFs, including ORF8pVAI, exhibiting 27%–73% amino acid identity to Inovirus Zot-like proteins. A qPCR method revealed an average of four VAIϕ genomes per host genome during host exponential growth phase, and PCR demonstrated dissemination of induced VAIϕ to other V. anguillarum strains through re-integration in non-lysogens. VAIϕ integrated into both chromosomes of V. anguillarum by recombination, causing changes in a putative ORF in the phage genome. Phylogenetic analysis of the V. anguillarum Inoviridae elements revealed mosaic genome structures related to mainly V. cholerae. Altogether, this study contributes to the understanding of Inovirus infection dynamics and mobilization of zot-like genes beyond human pathogenic vibrios, and discusses their potential role in the evolution of the fish pathogen V. anguillarum.
Prospects and Challenges in the Development of Universal Influenza Vaccines
Authors: Madsen Anders , Cox Rebecca Jane
Published: July 2020

Current influenza vaccines offer suboptimal protection and depend on annual reformulation and yearly administration. Vaccine technology has rapidly advanced during the last decade, facilitating development of next-generation influenza vaccines that can target a broader range of influenza viruses. The development and licensure of a universal influenza vaccine could provide a game changing option for the control of influenza by protecting against all influenza A and B viruses. Here we review important findings and considerations regarding the development of universal influenza vaccines and what we can learn from this moving forward with a SARS-CoV-2 vaccine design.
Evaluation of Chimpanzee Adenovirus and MVA Expressing TRAP and CSP from Plasmodium cynomolgi to Prevent Malaria Relapse in Nonhuman Primates
Authors: Kim Young Chan , Dema Barbara , Rodriguez-Garcia Roberto , López-Camacho César , Leoratti Fabiana M. S. , Lall Amar , Remarque Edmond J. , Kocken Clemens H. M. , Reyes-Sandoval Arturo
Published: July 2020

Plasmodium vivax is the world’s most widely distributed human malaria parasite, with over 2.8 billion people at risk in Asia, the Americas, and Africa. The 80–90% new P. vivax malaria infections are due to relapses which suggest that a vaccine with high efficacy against relapses by prevention of hypnozoite formation could lead to a significant reduction in the prevalence of P. vivax infections. Here, we describe the development of new recombinant ChAdOx1 and MVA vectors expressing P. cynomolgi Thrombospondin Related Adhesive Protein (PcTRAP) and the circumsporozoite protein (PcCSP). Both were shown to be immunogenic in mice prior to their assessment in rhesus macaques. We confirmed good vaccine-induced humoral and cellular responses after prime-boost vaccination in rhesus macaques prior to sporozoite challenge. Results indicate that there were no significant differences between mock-control and vaccinated animals after challenge, in terms of protective efficacy measured as the time taken to 1st patency, or as number of relapses. This suggests that under the conditions tested, the vaccination with PcTRAP and PcCSP using ChAdOx1 or MVA vaccine platforms do not protect against pre-erythrocytic malaria or relapses despite good immunogenicity induced by the viral-vectored vaccines.
EVALUASI PELAKSANAAN PROGRAM ELIMINASI MALARIA DI KABUPATEN ACEH SINGKIL TAHUN 2018
Authors: Afriadi Afriadi , Suroyo Razia Begum , Harahap Juliandi
Published: July 2020

The success of the malaria elimination program in Kabuupaten Aceh Singkil, the Annual Parasite Incident (API) per 1000 population will reach 0%. Nowadays, the frequency of implementing the program has decreased so that it is suspected that it can cause people to suffer from malaria. The purpose of the study was to analyze the evaluation of the implementation of the malaria elimination program. This type of research is qualitative. The informants consisted of 5 key informants namely the person in charge of P2P, malaria management officers, village midwives and 4 main informants namely the head of the puskesmas and village head and 6 additional informants namely the community, pregnant women, cadres. Data were analyzed by interactive methods through the stages of data reduction, presentation and drawing conclusions. The results showed that blood tests were not carried out unless the community had a fever. Distribution of delivery nets, screening for pregnant women is reduced, and biological vector control is not monitored. Epidemiological surveillance and epidemic prevention are not carried out because there are no outbreaks so monitors are made in the form of monthly reports. Educational activities in the form of outreach continue to the present and responsibilities are more focused on village midwives/cadres. Training and guidance activities for officers have never been done. The percentage of API reaches 0% in 2018. It is recommended that health workers remain vigilant and prioritize programs supporting malaria elimination programs along with other health programs through community empowerment today.
HUBUNGAN PENGETAHUAN IBU DENGAN PEMBERIAN ASI EKSKLUSIF DI WILAYAH KERJA PUSKESMAS PERDAGANGAN KABUPATEN SIMALUNGUN
Authors: Damanik Dermawani
Published: July 2020

Exclusive breastfeeding is breast milk that given to babies from birth for six months without and / or replace with other food or drinks. Exclusive breastfeeding can provide the immunity needed for the growth and development of infants. The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between knowledge and exclusive breastfeeding at Perdagangan Health Center in Simalungun Regency. The population is in this study were all mothers who have infants aged 7-12 months who live at ​​Perdagangan Health Center in Simalungun Regency. The sample in this study was 115 respondents. The study was conducted from September 2 to October 1, 2019. The instrument in this study used a questionnaire created by the researcher. Statistical test is using Chi-square. The results of the study obtained at Perdagangan Health Center in Simalungun Regency that the majority of mothers' knowledge about exclusive breastfeeding is in the poor category of 78 respondents (67.8%), the majority of mothers do not provide exclusive breastfeeding, namely 92 respondents (80%). Statistical test results show that P-value is 0.01 <0.05, so that the null hypothesis (HO) is rejected, which means there is a significant relationship between maternal knowledge and exclusive breastfeeding. It is recommended that health workers who work in the area of ​​the mother and child area should improve education programs for pregnant and breastfeeding mothers to increase the knowledge and interest of mothers to breastfeed exclusively in the first six months of a baby's life.
HUBUNGAN PENGETAHUAN BIDAN TENTANG INFEKSI NOSOKOMIAL DENGAN TINDAKAN PENCEGAHANNYA PADA PASIEN BEDAH SEKSIO SESAREA
Authors: Situmorang Paskah Rina
Published: July 2020

Nosocomial infection is an infection obtained by patients who are undergoing treatment in a hospital. Nosocomial infections stem from non-invasive measures. Prantara that cause nosocomial infections are microorganisms, medications and the environment. Where, is a factor causing nosocomial infection that is the focus of this study is midwives who are less aware of personal’ hygiene. This study aims to determine the relationship of knowledge of midwives about nosocomial infections with prevention measures in cesarean section surgical patients at Imelda General Hospital Medan. This research is a quantitative study with a correlational research design with Cross Sectional approach, where sampling is done with a total sampling technique with a total of 31 midwives, and data collection is done using a questionnaire. The results of the study of midwife knowledge about nosocomial infections are mostly knowledgeable, 21 people (67.8%), while the majority of prevention measures are good, 19 people (61.3%). The results of the study were tested using the Spearman Rank test to see the relationship between knowledge of midwives about nosocomial infections and their preventive measures in post-cesarean section patients, the results obtained with a probability value (p) = 0.011 (p <0.05), which means there is a relationship where (r) = 0.452, it means that the strength of the relationship is sufficient and this relationship is positive which means that if the midwife's knowledge of nosocomial infection is sufficient, the more sufficient value of infection prevention measures is obtained.
FAKTOR FAKTOR YANG BERHUBUNGAN DENGAN PENYAKIT DEMAM CHIKUNGUNYA DI WILAYAH KERJA PUSKESMAS GANDAPURA KABUPATEN BIREUEN TAHUN 2019
Authors: Winandar Aris
Published: July 2020

In 2012 in the District Gandapura number of Chikungunya cases there were 37 cases. Suspect cases are found in the village cikungunya tupin Siron 12 cases, a total of 18 cases airy Timu diiikuti Cot jabet 7 cases and larvae-free rate is the lowest of the epidemiological investigation was 5% ahead Teupin Siron. The purpose of this study was to determine the factors associated with Chikungunya fever in the Work Area Health Center Gandapura bireuen District in 2019. This type of study is a cross sectional analytic. The population in this study is the head of a family with a number of 72 samples. This research has been conducted on tada 18 s / d 28 Januari in 2019. The results showed no significant association between the presence of water with events Shelter p.value value = 0.023, there was no significant association between napping habits with incidence of chikungunya with p.value value = 0.486, there was no significant association between habitual drain water reservoir with an incidence of chikungunya with p.value value = 0.716, there was no significant association between the habit of closing the water reservoir with the incidence of chikungunya with p.value value = 0.153, there was no significant association between the occurrence bury thrift chikungunya with value p.value = 0.153, there was no significant association between the incidence of chikungunya room temperature with p.value value = 0.128. Based on these results it is expected that researchers advice to people working area Gandapura Bireuen to always maintain the cleanliness and immediately report to the health worker if there are people who terindefikasi chikungunya.
EFEKTIVITAS BOOKLET TERHADAP PENGETAHUAN DAN SIKAP PEMELIHARAAN KESEHATAN GIGI MULUT PADA IBU HAMIL
Authors: Fitri Rahmaini
Published: July 2020

Pregnancy causes physiological changes in the body and as well as in the oral cavity. Dental and oral diseases associated with pregnancy that is, gingivitis, periodontitis and pregnancy granuloma. Mouth dental disease during pregnancy is not only influenced by the pregnancy itself but rather the lack of knowledge about dental and oral health maintenance. Efforts to improve the knowledge of pregnant women about oral health is done by providing information, information necessary for health education media. In this case the media is created and used to improve the knowledge of pregnant women is the booklet. This study aimed to analyze the differences in knowledge and attitudes before and after maintenance booklet oral health in pregnant women. This study is a quasi experiment with one group pre  and post test design. The sample is the first trimester pregnant women who come to the health center in Sentosa Baru Medan as many as 34 people. Analysis of the data  forcompare the average difference in scores of knowledge and attitudes before and after the intervention used the Wilcoxon test. The results showed there is an increased knowledge and attitude maintenance of oral health in pregnant women after being given a booklet with a value of p < 0.001, a percentage increase of 30% knowledge and attitudes percentage of 37%. The conclusions of this study is increased knowledge and attitude maintenance of oral health in pregnant women after being given a booklet.
HUBUNGAN PENGETAHUAN DAN SIKAP IBU DENGAN PELAKSANAAN IMUNISASI MEASLES RUBELLA DI RT 05 KELURAHAN TAGARAJA KECAMATAN KATEMAN KEBUPATEN INDRAGIRI HILIR TAHUN 2018
Authors: Suhartini Suhartini
Published: July 2020

Immunization is the giving of immunity to infants and children to various diseases, so that babies and children grow in healthy condition. Provision of immunization is a preventive measure so that the body is not infected with certain infectious diseases such as tetanus, whooping cough (pertussus), measles (measles), polio and tuberculosis or if there is any, does not have a fatal effect on the body. Therefore researchers are interested in examining the relationship between knowledge and attitudes of mothers with the implementation of MR immunization in Rt 05 Kelurahan Tagaraja Kecamatan Kateman Kebupaten Indragiri Hilir Tahun 2018. This study uses a cross sectional research design. The population of this study were all mothers with immunization in RT 05 Tagaraja Village, Indragiri Hilir District Kateman District in 2018, 48 people and a sample of 48 people, with total sampling technique. Data analysis techniques were performed using chi-square statistical test analysis. The results of the study showed that there was a significant relationship between the relationship of knowledge and attitudes of mothers with the implementation of immunization of rubella measles (MR)in RT 05 Kelurahan Tagaraja Kecamatan Kateman Kabupaten Indragiri Hilir Tahun 2018 with p value 0,002 (p < 0,05. Based on the results of this study it can be concluded that there is a relationship between knowledge and attitudes of mothers with the implementation of immunization of rubella measles (MR)in RT 05 Kelurahan Tagaraja Kecamatan Kateman Kabupaten Indragiri Hilir Tahun 2018. Suggestions for mothers It is hoped that for the research location to make an extension program before the scheduled implementation of the rubella measles immunization to provide education on maternal health and government programs in the implementation of immunization for rubella measles (MR) can be carried out.
HUBUNGAN TINGKAT KEMAMPUAN PERAWATAN DIRI DENGAN PERUBAHAN KONSEP DIRI PADA LANSIA DI UPT PELAYANAN SOSIAL LANJUT USIA DAN ANAK BALITA WILAYAH BINJAI MEDAN
Authors: Dedi Dedi
Published: July 2020

Background; Elderly age is the biological systems that undergo changes in the structure and function due to old age. One of service unit that serves the safety of the elderly is UPT of Social Service of Elderly and Early Childhood in Binjai and Medan Regional. Based on the preliminary research of this study was found some old people who experienced changes of the self-care ability with self concept change by 7 men and 28 women. Objectives; This study purpose is to determine the relationship between the level of self-care ability of elderly with changes in self-concept of the elderly in UPT of social Services Elderly Social and Early Children in Binjai and Medan. Material and Method; This study used analytical (explanatory research) with cross sectional approach. The population of this study amounted to 72 people and sample in this study were taken from the population amounted 63 respondents by using purposive sampling techniques. The data used primary data, secondary data, the data tertiary, and the analysis of data was done with univariate and bivariate analysis by using chi-square test. Results;of this study with a statistical test of chi-square that the relationship between the level of self-care ability to change the self-concept of the elderly in UPT. Elderly Care and Early Children in Binjai and Medan p = 0.025 < α = 0.05 is found. Conclusion; of this research is that there is a relationship between the level of self-care ability of elderly with changes in self-concept of the elderly in UPT of Elderly Social Services and Early Childhood area Binjai and Medan. It is suggested to further researchers to do deep research about the treatments themselves with self-concept changes in Social UPT of social service of elderly and Early Childhood in Binjai and Medan regional with another methods.
PENGALAMAN MASYARAKAT PAKPAK BHARAT MERAWAT LUKA MENGGUNAKAN KEMENYAN
Authors: Melinda Harahap Minta Ito
Published: July 2020

A wound is a broken continuity or anatomical connection of tissue in the body of a living being. Management of wound healing can be given conventional therapy or with complementary therapy. Wound healing with complementary therapy that is still used by the Indonesian people for wound healing, one of which is frankincense. The Pakpak Bharat community uses incense as a medicine to heal wounds. This study aims to explore in deeply the meaning of Pakpak Bharat's community experience in healing wounds using incense. This research is a phenomenological study. Data were collected through in depth interview. Participants in this study were 20 people who were selected by purposive sampling technique. Data analysis in this research was done by content analysis. Results of analysis found 3 (tree) themes, namely: how to use incense, length of use of incense, type of wound that uses incense.. In general, people do not know the function and benefits of incense for healing wounds, people only use it for generations and there is no information from health workers. Based on the results of the study, health workers are advised to provide information about wound care.
FAKTOR – FAKTOR YANG BERHUBUNGAN DENGAN PEMBERIAN ASI EKSKLUSIF DI KLINIK PRATAMA SUNGGAL MEDAN TAHUN 2019
Authors: Hanum Parida , Tindaon Rotua Lenawati
Published: July 2020

Exclusive breastfeeding is that babies are only given breast milk for 6 months, without the addition of other liquids such as formula milk, oranges, honey, tea water, water, and without additional solid foods such as bananas, milk porridge, biscuits, rice porridge, rice team. The objective of the research was to find factors related to exclusive breastfeeding. The research is done by using cross sectional with  Rank Spearman’s test. The population in this study were mothers who had babies 0-6 months in the Klinik Pratama Sunggal in 2019 totaling 15 people and the sampling technique was total Sampling. The result of the research showed knowledgeable mothers (46.7%), higher education (80%), unemployed (60%), supportive (86.7%), not exclusive breastfeeding (80%). The results of the bivariate analysis showed a relationship between maternal knowledge and exclusive breastfeeding (p-value = 0.027), no relationship between maternal education and exclusive breastfeeding (p-value = 0.369), a relationship between maternal work and exclusive breastfeeding (p -value = 0.015), there is no relationship between husband's support and exclusive breastfeeding (p-value = 0.484. The conclusion of this study is that there is a relationship between knowledge and employment with exclusive breastfeeding, there is no relationship between husband's education and support with exclusive breastfeeding. Suggestions for health workers in Medan Sunggal Pratama Clinic in 2019 are expected to improve the quality of services and counseling about exclusive breastfeeding to mothers during pregnancy in order to achieve exclusive breastfeeding for infants.
Russian Financial Market: Is there Potential for Stimulating Economic Growth?
Authors: Novikov A. V. , Novikova I. Ya.
Published: July 2020

Russia has passed the path of forming a market economy, which was accompanied by a multidirectional dynamics of GDP growth rates. The article considers the financial market as a factor of stimulating economic growth. Four stages of development of the market economy of Russia are justified. Starting from 2020, the fifth stage of economic growth based on the development of innovative technologies, digitalization of the economy. The features of these stages are analyzed from the point of view of investment incentives for development. Institutional and instrumental approaches to financial market segmentation are highlighted, and the features of implementing these approaches at each stage of the Russian economy development are considered. The formation of the financial market considered from the standpoint of the analysis of indicators, revealing the state of the financial markets: depth, access, stability and efficiency of the financial market. Measures for the development of the financial market are proposed.
Enhancement of Alternative Financial Models in the Condition of Stimulation of Enterprise Innovation Activity
Authors: Sheina E. G.
Published: July 2020

The article considers alternative financial models and their characteristics; the possibility of adaptation in the economy of the Russian Federation is analyzed. The operating Russian financial system is aimed more at financing major enterprises and holdings with stable development. Economic projects of priority development don’t conform to the standards of traditional financial institutions. It’s necessary to implement the system of alternative models of drawing private capital, currently not active, into innovation and technologic small enterprises and innovation start-ups.
The Link Between Innovation Process Performance and Technological Innovation Costs in Russian Industries
Authors: Petrov S. P.
Published: July 2020

Firms incur technological innovation costs to create and retain competitive advantages on market. It seems reasonable that innovation process performance depends on amount of costs on it. According to Structure – Conduct – Performance paradigm this dependency means that firms conduct influence on market performance. But this link is much more nuanced because there is a significant influence of features of industries in which firms operate. In Russia technological innovation costs lead to a high results in some industries and in other of them this link is weak like innovation intensity.
Sociology of the Family: Interdisciplinary Connection and Problem-Subject Field’ Specifity
Authors: Vyalykh N. A.
Published: July 2020

The relevance of the article is determined by the need to overcome the existing differences in understanding the subject area of the family studies in Russian sociology today. The aim of the article is a revision of subject boundaries and methodological problems of the family sociology. The novelty of the work is in identifying the externalist and internalist factors that are differentiating the sociological research methodology of marriage and family relations from it’s in other sciences. But currently, there is a tendency to overcome the cognitive one-sidedness of various disciplinary approaches in an attempt to create a comprehensive science of the family.
Cognitive regulation strategies as mediation in anxiety and academic adjustment in university students
Authors: Abulhassan Hassan Hossam –Eddin
Published: July 2020

The aim was to investigate the relationship between and among cognitive emotion regulation, test anxiety and academic adjustment and the possibility of cognitive emotion regulation (CER) to mediate the relationship between academic adjustment (TA) and academic adjustment (AA). We hypothesized that the association between test anxiety and AA is mediated by cognitive emotion regulation. Convenient sampling method was employed to recruit the participants. The sample of the study consisted of 180 students (100% males) representing students from college of education, Jazan University, KSA, aged 19-21 years, with an average of 20.2 years, with a standard deviation of 5.45. For the purpose of this study, quantitative survey research was employed, with cognitive emotion regulation as independent variable, and TA and TA as dependent variables. Findings revealed that adaptive cognitive emotion regulation correlates negatively with TA, and also negatively with AA. On the other hand, Maladaptive cognitive emotion regulation was found to be positively correlated with AA. While AA found to be negatively correlated with TA. The coefficients related to the Adaptive CER regression paths to TA and AA, Maladaptive cognitive emotion regulation regression paths to TA and AA are significant at 0.01 level regardless of their direction.