bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Blocked transcription through KvDMR1 results in absence of methylation and gene silencing resembling Beckwith-Wiedemann syndrome
Authors: Singh Vir B. , Sribenja Sirinapa , Wilson Kayla E. , Attwood Kristopher M. , Hillman Joanna C. , Pathak Shilpa , Higgins Michael J.
Published: April 2017

The maternally methylated KvDMR1 ICR regulates imprinted expression of a cluster of maternally expressed genes on human chromosome 11p15.5. Disruption of imprinting leads to Beckwith-Wiedemann syndrome (BWS), an overgrowth and cancer predisposition condition. In the majority of individuals with BWS, maternal-specific methylation at KvDMR1 is absent and genes under its control are repressed. We analyzed a mouse model carrying a poly(A) truncation cassette inserted to prevent RNA transcripts from elongation through KvDMR1. Maternal inheritance of this mutation resulted in absence of DNA methylation at KvDMR1, which led to biallelic expression of Kcnq1ot1 and suppression of maternally expressed genes. This study provides further evidence that transcription is required for establishment of methylation at maternal gametic DMRs. More importantly, this mouse model recapitulates the molecular phenotypic characteristics of the most common form of BWS, including loss of methylation at KvDMR1 and biallelic repression of Cdkn1c, suggesting that deficiency of maternal transcription through KvDMR1 may be an underlying cause of some BWS cases.
Visualization of RNA structure models within the Integrative Genomics Viewer
Authors: Busan Steven , Weeks Kevin M.
Published: April 2017

Analyses of the interrelationships between RNA structure and function are increasingly important components of genomic studies. The SHAPE-MaP strategy enables accurate RNA structure probing and realistic structure modeling of kilobase-length noncoding RNAs and mRNAs. Existing tools for visualizing RNA structure models are not suitable for efficient analysis of long, structurally heterogeneous RNAs. In addition, structure models are often advantageously interpreted in the context of other experimental data and gene annotation information, for which few tools currently exist. We have developed a module within the widely used and well supported open-source Integrative Genomics Viewer (IGV) that allows visualization of SHAPE and other chemical probing data, including raw reactivities, data-driven structural entropies, and data-constrained base-pair secondary structure models, in context with linear genomic data tracks. We illustrate the usefulness of visualizing RNA structure in the IGV by exploring structure models for a large viral RNA genome, comparing bacterial mRNA structure in cells with its structure under cell- and protein-free conditions, and comparing a noncoding RNA structure modeled using SHAPE data with a base-pairing model inferred through sequence covariation analysis.
What do hypnotics cost hospitals and healthcare?
Authors: Kripke Daniel F.
Published: April 2017

Hypnotics (sleeping pills) are prescribed widely, but the economic costs of the harm they have caused have been largely unrecognized. Randomized clinical trials have proven that hypnotics increase the incidence of infections. Likewise, hypnotics increase the incidence of major depression and cause emergency admissions for overdoses and deaths.  Epidemiologically, hypnotic use is associated with cancer, falls, automobile accidents, and markedly increased overall mortality.  This article considers the costs to hospitals and healthcare payers of hypnotic-induced infections and other severe consequences of hypnotic use. These are a probable cause of excessive hospital admissions, prolonged lengths of stay at increased costs, and increased readmissions. Accurate information is scanty, for in-hospital hypnotic benefits and risks have scarcely been studied -- certainly not the economic costs of inpatient adverse effects.  Healthcare costs of outpatient adverse effects likewise need evaluation. In one example, use of hypnotics among depressed patients was strongly associated with higher healthcare costs and more short-term disability. A best estimate is that U.S. costs of hypnotic harms to healthcare systems are on the order of $55 billion, but conceivably as low as $10 billion or as high as $100 billion. More research is needed to more accurately assess unnecessary and excessive hypnotics costs to providers and insurers, as well as financial and health damages to the patients themselves.
Looking into Pandora's Box: The Content of Sci-Hub and its Usage
Authors: Greshake Bastian
Published: April 2017

Despite the growth of Open Access, potentially illegally circumventing paywalls to access scholarly publications is becoming a more mainstream phenomenon. The web service Sci-Hub is amongst the biggest facilitators of this, offering free access to around 62 million publications. So far it is not well studied how and why its users are accessing publications through Sci-Hub. By utilizing the recently released corpus of Sci-Hub and comparing it to the data of  ~28 million downloads done through the service, this study tries to address some of these questions. The comparative analysis shows that both the usage and complete corpus is largely made up of recently published articles, with users disproportionately favoring newer articles and 35% of downloaded articles being published after 2013. These results hint that embargo periods before publications become Open Access are frequently circumnavigated using Guerilla Open Access approaches like Sci-Hub. On a journal level, the downloads show a bias towards some scholarly disciplines, especially Chemistry, suggesting increased barriers to access for these. Comparing the use and corpus on a publisher level, it becomes clear that only 11% of publishers are highly requested in comparison to the baseline frequency, while 45% of all publishers are significantly less accessed than expected. Despite this, the oligopoly of publishers is even more remarkable on the level of content consumption, with 80% of all downloads being published through only 9 publishers. All of this suggests that Sci-Hub is used by different populations and for a number of different reasons, and that there is still a lack of access to the published scientific record. A further analysis of these openly available data resources will undoubtedly be valuable for the investigation of academic publishing.
Evaluation of the quality of training of students teachers college for the self
Authors: ���������  , ���������  , Denisenko Larisa
Published: April 2017

In the course of the annual procedure of self-professional educational organizations, provides quality assessment training students. Teachers of pedagogical colleges the Novosibirsk region implemented a joint project for the development of regional banks of test tasks on disciplines of general trade cycle. Regional banks of tests are considered as a tool for assessing the quality of training of students in the framework of self-examination in the form of electronic testing. The main condition for the use of the test materials in the evaluation procedure is the quality of their development. quality technology assessment procedures for the self-preparation of students as close as possible to the procedure for assessing the quality of training of students at the state accreditation. A common approach to internal and external evaluation procedures increase the objectivity and reliability of the information. The results of the data can be the basis for measures to improve the quality of education.
Socio-psychological determinants of organizational change projects success on the example of the textile industry enterprise of medium business. Part 2
Authors: ������  , Volkov Oleg , �������  , Tishchenko Olga , ��������  , Kamysheva Sofya
Published: April 2017

The article is devoted to a problem of resistance to organizational changes An objective of this research is to detect interdependence between ways of conflict permission and efficiency of the realized projects. The results have practical value for increase of organizational change projects implementation success, and also similar projects with high degree of uncertainty, or the projects demanding an intellectual human resource for the solution of cognitive tasks.
Issues of the System Forecasting: Inversions Analysis
Authors: Севостьянов  , Sevostyanov D.
Published: April 2017

The article analyzes common form of internal system

relations, specifically the inversions relationship. These relations

are a manifestation of the systemic contradictions between the

formal location of the element in the hierarchy and from its actual

role in it. In complex systems there are several organizing

principles. These have the potential to collide with each other, and

this causes the inversion in this system.

Lack of understanding of the mechanisms of development of inversions

leads to the fact that the system state is assessed as chaotic.

It is shown that knowledge of the conditions under which likely to

develop inverse relations, it is necessary for creating an adequate

picture of the system and preparation of a realistic forecast of its

further functioning.
Motivational Component of Teenagers’ Image of the Future
Authors: Солдатов  , Soldatov D. , Жильцова  , Zhiltsova O.
Published: April 2017

The article reflects the results of the comparative empirical

research of the motivational component of the adolescents’

image of the future (temporal prospective), who live in different

"social situations of development", namely growing up in a family

environment, and deprived from the family care. The empirical

study was conducted using the MIM techniques (J. Nutten) in

groups of adolescents contrast on the basis of place of residence

and education: in families or in state institutions (social orphanage,

boarding school, orphanage). The study revealed significant differences

in motivational tendencies in the contrast groups of adolescents.

The authors come to the conclusion that there consistently

appear specific motivational tendencies in adolescents left without

parental care, the ones that distort and inhibit personal growth,

creating risk of vital failure, and therefore require well-timed psychological

correction.
Criminalization of Youth Environment in Russia
Authors: Муслимов  , Muslimov Nestan
Published: April 2017

The article considers the problem of criminalization of

the young generation in Russia. The importance of this issue is that,

increasingly among the younger population can meet deviant behavior.

Existing socio-economic problems in our country have a

negative impact on young people. Not being able to meet their

material needs in an honest way, the young generation chooses

criminal methods to achieve their goals. In the era of information

society the control of the youth becomes almost impossible.
Academic and Methodological Complex «Primary School of the XXI Century»: Difficult Made Simple
Authors: Паршина  , Parshina E.
Published: April 2017

The article considers the long experience of the work on Academic and Methodological Complex “Primary School of the XXI Century”, discusses the influence of authors’ teaching methodic on the development of younger schoolchild. The examples of positive cooperation in the system “teacher – pupil” are given, which support the successful training and development of learning activity of younger schoolchildren.
Monitoring of Competitions of Professional Skill Among Disabled Persons and Persons with Disabilities in the System of Secondary Vocational Education
Authors: ��������  , Levchenko Irina , ���������  , Prikhodko Oksana , ���������  , Manuylova V. , ���������  , Guseynova A. , ���������  , Holodnova L.
Published: April 2017

The article presents the results of monitoring studies of the organization and conduct of the competitions of professional skill among disabled persons and persons with disabilities in secondary vocational education.
Features of the Unfair Competition in Russia and Abroad
Authors: Быкова  , Bykova O. , Ольховская  , Ol'hovskaya M. , Сысоева  , Sysoeva A.
Published: April 2017

The competition is the primary mechanism for modern market system. The competition serves as regulator. It motivates producer to introduce the newest methods and solutions, improve productivity and access to markets, to improve the production technology organization of work. The competition is a necessary attribute of an advanced economy. It is an incentive for improving the quality products, increased volume of productions, formation of feasible price, accurate advertising. At the same time, certain types of competition conflict with established business customs and traditions. The unfair competition was prohibited by law in the most countries. However, the methods of unfair competition are constantly improving, so making them more subtle and

sophisticated.
The Features of Price Setting in the Oil Market
Authors: Кучеренко  , Kucherenko Anna , Прошкина  , Proshkina E.
Published: April 2017

The article describes the features of the oil market, taking into account the value of the oil industry for Russian economy. The author identifies the main factor determining the price of oil on the world market which is futures trading settlement. In the terms of falling quotations on derivatives there is reduction of capital costs which is the reason of the suspension of the projects developing new oil fields and the decrease in production efficiency of explored fields. Under these circumstances, the only option for companies is a significant reduction in costs due to investment. Later, however, it may be expressed in the reduction of production volumes that can shake the quotes and put a price on the highest level.
On the Outsourcing of Accounting Services
Authors: Миславская  , Mislavskaya N.
Published: April 2017

The article considers the potential problems of outsourcing services in the areas of finance and accounting. The author analyzes the paradoxical situation when cost saving in organization and accounting costs among professionals in the field of economics is considered as the application of advanced management technology.
Genesis of the “Residual Income” Concept
Authors: Захаров  , Zakharov D.
Published: April 2017

The article investigates the genesis of the “residual income” concept. Th is term still has not been added to Russian economic dictionaries. In this article, the development of the term is considered.
Коэффициент эффективности (DDREF) дозы и мощноcти доз: ненужные, спорные и противоречивые вопросы
Authors: Abel Julio , Abel Julio
Published: April 2017

Purpose: The aim of the paper is to review the genesis and evolution of the concept termed dose and dose rate effectiveness factor or DDREF, to expose critiques on the concept and to suggest some curse of action on its use.

Material and methods: Mainly using the UNSCEAR reporting and ICRP recommendations as the main reference material, the paper describes the evolution (since the 70’s) of the conundrum of inferring radiation risk at low dose and dose-rate. People are usually exposed to radiation at much lower doses and dose rates than those for which quantitative evaluations of incidence of radiation effects are available – a situation that tempted experts to search for a factor relating the epidemiological attribution of effects at high doses and dose-rates with the subjective inference of risk at low doses and dose-rates. The formal introduction and mathematical formulation of the concept by UNSCEAR and ICRP (in the 90’s), is recalled. It is then underlined that the latest UNSCEAR radiation risk estimates did not use a DDREF concept, making it de facto unneeded for purposes of radiation risk attribution. The paper also summarizes the continuous use of the concept for radiation protection purposes and related concerns as well as some current public misunderstandings and apprehension on the DDREF (particularly the aftermath of the Fukushima Dai’ichi NPP accident). It finally discusses epistemological weaknesses of the concept itself.

Results: It seems that the DDREF has become superseded by scientific developments and its use has turned out to be unneeded for the purposes of radiation risk estimates. The concept also appears to be arguable for radiation protection purposes, visibly controversial and epistemologically questionable

Conclusions: It is suggested that: (i) the use of the DDREF can be definitely abandoned for radiation risk estimates; (ii) while recognizing that radiation protection has different purposes than radiation risk estimation, the discontinuation of using a DDREF for radiation protection might also be considered; (iii) for radiation exposure situations for which there are available epidemiological information that can be scientifically tested (namely which is confirmable and verifiable and therefore falsifiable), radiation risks should continue to be attributed in terms of frequentistic probabilities; and, (iv) for radiation exposure situations for which direct scientific evidence of effects is unavailable or unfeasible to obtain, radiation risks may need to be inferred on the basis of indirect evidence, scientific reasoning and professional judgment aimed at estimating their plausibility in terms of subjective probabilities.
Reducing Healthcare Costs Through Patient Targeting: Risk Adjustment Modeling to
Predict Patients Remaining High-Cost
Authors: Wrathall Jonathan A. , Belnap Tom
Published: April 2017

Context: The transition to population health management has changed the healthcare
landscape to identify high risk, high cost patients. Various measures of patient risk
have attempted to identify likely candidates for care management programs. Pre-screening
patients for outreach has often required several years of data. Intermountain Healthcare
relied on cost-ranking algorithms which had limited predictive ability. A new
risk-adjusted algorithm shows improvements in predicting patients’ future cost status to
facilitate identifying patient eligibility for care management.Case Description: A
retrospective cohort study design was used to evaluate high-cost patient status for two
of the next three years. Modeling was developed using logistic regression and tested
against other decision tree methods. Key variables included those readily available in
electronic health records supplemented by additional clinical data and estimates of
socio-economic status.Findings: The risk-adjusted modeling correctly identified 79.0% of
patients ranking among the top 15% of costs in one of the next three years. In addition,
it correctly estimated 48.1% of the patients in the top 15% cost group in two of the
next three years. This method identified patients with higher medical costs and more
comorbid conditions than previous cost-ranking methods.Major Themes: This approach
improves the predictive accuracy of identifying high cost patients in the future and
increases the sensitivity of identifying at-risk patients. It also shortened data
requirements to identify eligibility criteria for case management
interventions.Conclusion: Risk-adjustment modeling may improve management programs’
interface with patients thus decreasing costs. This method may be generalized to other
healthcare settings.
Review Essay
Authors: Kornetis Kostis
Published: April 2017

Stage of Emergency: Theater and Public Performance Under The Greek Military Dictatorship of 1967–1974, Gonda Van Steen (2015)

Oxford: Oxford University Press, 400 pp., ISBN: 9780198718321, £80

 

To ‘Provlima Neolaia’. Modernoi Neoi, Paradosi Kai Amfisvitisi Sti Metapolemiki Ellada (1964–1974)/‘Youth as a Problem’. Modern Youths, Tradition and Contestation in Post-War Greece (1964–1974), Kostas Katsapis (2013)

Athens: Aprovleptes Ekdoseis, 607 pp., ISBN: 9789609984737, 18.00€
Book Review
Authors: Kourniakti Jessica
Published: April 2017

Otan Grafei to Molyvi: Politiki Via Kai Mnimi Sti Synchroni Elliniki Kai Italiki Pezografia/Inscribed in Lead: Political Violence and Memory in Contemporary Greek and Italian Prose, Vassiliki Petsa (2016)

Athens: Polis, 387 pp., ISBN: 9789604354979, Paperback, 26.00€
Estudo comparativo sobre o ensino de biologia nos municípios de Tabatinga e Tefé (Amazonas) /Comparative study of didactic practices in Biology classes from cities of Tabatinga and Tefé (Amazon)
Authors: De Souza Luciane Lopes , Freitas Silvia Regina Sampaio
Published: April 2017

Neste estudo investigaram-se as metodologias adotadas por professores para o ensino de Biologia em Tabatinga e Tefé, municípios-polo do estado do Amazonas. Informações sobre a formação docente, experiência profissional e metodologias de ensino foram obtidas através de questionários semi-estruturados. Os resultados mostraram que os professores de Biologia dos municípios investigados são graduados; 90% dos professores de Tabatinga e 57% de Tefé possuem curso de especialização. Para o ensino de Botânica, Ecologia e Citologia, os professores adotam aulas teóricas e práticas nos dois municípios. No entanto, divergências foram encontradas nas metodologias adotadas entre os professores no que diz respeito à Evolução, Genética e Zoologia. A Amazônia é um vasto e rico laboratório natural, cujos recursos podem ser utilizados na contextualização dos conceitos biológicos com o cotidiano dos alunos, levando a uma aprendizagem significativa; o que pode representar uma exitosa estratégia nas aulas de Biologia do ensino médio nesta região. PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Ensino Médio. Práticas de Ensino de Biologia. Escola Pública.
Bodenschutz eine Herausforderung für probleminduzierte Technikfolgenabschätzung
Authors: Borg Erik , Grunwald Armin
Published: April 2017

Soil is the vital resource tor human survival on Earth. Nevertheless, its treatment is often still not adequate to its function. Although the access to soil is obviously limited, soil degradation by human activities increases continually over time. Therefore, future intensive utilization
of soil should account for sustainability of this complex system by solely application of appropriate utilization means and methods and by continous soil monitoring. Soil protection will become thus an urgent problem in the nearest future. Currently, it is discussed with only relatively low
priority, probably due to the public occupation by more spectacular environmental events. Therefore, the intensification of soil usage can only claim compensation from a sensible adjustment of the use under strict control. Die Bodendecke ist unbestreitbar eine lebenswichtige Ressource.
Dessen ungeachtet wird ihre zivilisatorische Nutzung auch heute noch vielfach durch kurzsichtiges, sorgloses Handeln bestimmt. Obgleich ihre Begrenztheit offenkundig ist, nimmt der Nutzungsdruck in Art, Vielfalt und Intensität dauernd zu. Somit kann die Nutzungsintensivierung nur durch
eine sinnvolle Nutzungsanpassung und ihre Kontrolle schadlos gestaltet werden. Die Schädigung und Zerstörung des Bodens findet bisher in der öffentlichen Diskussion nur relativ wenig Aufmerksamkeit. Das Interesse konzentriert sich eher auf die spektakulären Umweltprobleme.
Boden verkommt leise. Wegen der Interdependenz von Boden und anderen Ökosystemen und insbesondere aufgrund der vielfältigen Eigentums- und Nutzungsansprüche ist der Schutz des Bodens eine dringliche Aufgabe - lokal, regional, global.
Two-Phase Free Boundary Problems: From Existence to Smoothness
Authors: De Silva Daniela , Ferrari Fausto , Salsa Sandro
Published: April 2017

We describe the theory we developed in recent times concerning two-phasefree boundary problems governed by elliptic operators with forcing terms.Our results range from existence of viscosity solutions to smoothness ofboth solutions and free boundaries. We also discuss some open questions,possible object of future investigation.
Anthropometric and physical fitness parameters versus specific performance tests in Brazilian field hockey athletes: a pilot study
Authors: Lemos Raquel Silva , Paz Gabriel Andrade , Freitas Maia Marianna de , Baptista da Silva Jurandir , Lima Vicente Pinheiro , Brandão Pinto de Castro Juliana , Miranda Humberto
Published: April 2017

Study aim: To investigate the correlation between anthropometric parameters, Sargent jump test, core muscles endurance and agility performance versus specific tests with and without a ball in female Brazilian field hockey athletes.

Material and methods: Nine professional female field hockey players (age: 27.4 ± 2.5 years) participated in this study. Body height, body weight, body fat percentage, Sargent jump test (SJT), shuttle run agility test (SR), core muscular endurance tests and sport-specific tests - repeated sprint ability test (RSA) and repeated sprint ability with the ball (RSAB) - were assessed in a randomized order.

Results: A moderate correlation was noted between SR and RSAB (r = 0.58, p = 0.09) and RSA (r = 0.60, p = 0.08). In addition, a moderate correlation was noted between percentage of body fat with RSAB (r = 0.59, p = 0.09) and with RSA (r = 0.72, p = 0.08). The other variables showed slight agreement or no agreement.

Conclusions: These results indicated that the SR could be implemented in training and evaluation programs of hockey athletes due to the correlation with specific tests. Thus, the percentage of body fat was the only anthropometric parameter that showed a correlation with the specific tests, revealing the importance of maintaining a proper percentage of body fat for better performance in hockey.
Lyapunov function for cosmological dynamical system
Authors: Szydłowski Marek , Krawiec Adam
Published: April 2017

We prove the asymptotic global stability of the de Sitter solution in the Friedmann-Robertson-Walker conservative and dissipative cosmology. In the proof we construct a Lyapunov function in an exact form and establish its relationship with the first integral of dynamical system determining evolution of the flat Universe. Our result is that de-Sitter solution is asymptotically stable solution for general form of equation of state p = (ρ, H), where dependence on the Hubble function H means that the effect of dissipation are included.
Influence of length and sensor positioning on acoustic time-of-flight (ToF) measurement in structural timber
Authors: Arriaga Francisco , Llana Daniel F. , Esteban Miguel , Íñiguez-González Guillermo
Published: April 2017

The mechanical properties of timber can be estimated from wave propagation velocity by measuring wave time-of-flight (ToF). However, a time-lag complicates the measurements, which produces an apparent velocity dependency on length and this species and instrument dependent property is also influenced by knottiness. This research is dealing with time-lag determination by different sensor positioning in situ ToF measurements. ToF longitudinal measurements were conducted on 120 90 mm×140 mm specimens of the coniferous species radiata pine, Scots pine, laricio pine and maritime pine. The following commercially available acoustic devices were used: Sylvatest Duo, USLab, and Microsecond Timer. The sensors were arranged for the measurement types “end-to-end”, “on the same surface” and “on opposite surfaces”. ToF data were obtained from the full-length (4 m) specimens and then from the same specimens shortened to 3 m, 2 m and 1 m in length. The in situ procedures of ToF are applicable for a reliable length determination independently from the time-lag (tL) and velocity. The differences observed by end-to-end measurements, with respect to velocity, are below 4.4%. A velocity correction factor can be deduced for each instrument, which is independent of species.
CFD Modeling of Flame Structures in a Gas Turbine Combustion Reactor: Velocity, Temperature, and Species Distribution
Authors: Bahramian Alireza , Maleki Mozhdeh , Medi Bijan
Published: April 2017

This paper presents the computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulation of a gas turbine combustor with methane-air fuel at atmospheric pressure. The velocity fields, temperature profile and species distributions have been numerically studied. The mathematical combustion models, namely Eddy Dissipation Concept (EDC) model coupled with detailed kinetic mechanism, and Finite Rate/Eddy Dissipation (FR-ED) model coupled with a simple global kinetic mechanism, have been used in numerical analysis considering a two-step oxy-combustion reaction kinetics model. Moreover, a series of CFD results with consideration of EDC model have been obtained by two- and three-dimensional simulations. An error analysis showed that the 3-D simulation with EDC model can accurately predict the velocity components, temperature profile, and species distributions of the combustion process and allow detailed investigation of the flame structure. The CFD results are in agreement with the experimental data obtained from laser measurements.
Determination of Optimum Nitrogen and Potassium Levels for potato Production in Central high lands of Ethiopia
Authors: Shunka Egata , Chindi Abebe , Gebremedhin W. Giorgis , Seid Ebrahim , Tessema Lemma
Published: April 2017

To determine the required levels of nitrogen and potassium, an experiment was conducted at Holetta Agricultural Research Center and Jeldu sub Center from 2014-2015 using three factors (Jalenie, Gudenie and Belete potato varies; 87, 110, 133kg/ha nitrogen rates and 0, 34.5, 69, 103.5kg/ha potassium in the form of K2O levels) and as a completely randomized block design arrangement with three replications. In each location every year the 36 treatments (4 potassium oxide levels x 3 nitrogen levels x 3 varieties) were assigned in random combinations to 36 plots of one block in a random case which was replicated in to two additional blocks of different randomizations in order to make total of three replications/blocks. Data were analyzed by SAS software Version 9.2. Potassium rates significantly affected the total yield and marketable yield as compared to the control treatment. Application of potassium at 103.5 kg/ha produced significantly a higher marketable yield than all rates. As compared to Jeldu, the Holetta location produced the maximum highly significant yield and yield component. Interaction of potassium and nitrogen fertilizers affected marketable tuber numbers and plant height significantly. In 2014, Belete produced the highest (27.31 ton/ha) marketable yield at an application of 34.5 kg/ha potassium and 110 kg/ha nitrogen while Gudenie produced the highest (30.53 ton/ha) marketable yield at an application of 69 kg/ ha potassium and 110 kg/ha nitrogen rates in 2015. It is better to apply 69 kg/ha potassium and 110 kg/ha nitrogen to potato production for reasonable yield at sites similar to experimental locations. It can be concluded that, interaction of nitrogen and potassium rates significantly affected plant height and marketable tuber numbers.
Liposomes as colloidal nanovehicles: on the road to success in intravenous drug delivery
Authors: Naeem Sumaira , Viswanathan Geetha , Misran Misni Bin
Published: April 2017

The advancement of research in colloidal systems has led to the increased application of this technology in more effective and targeted drug delivery. Nanotechnology enables control over functionality parameters and allows innovations in biodegradable, biocompatible, and stimuli-responsive delivery systems. The first closed bilayer phospholipid system, the liposome system, has been making steady progress over five decades of extensive research and has been efficient in achieving many desirable parameters such as remote drug loading, size-controlling measures, longer circulation half-lives, and triggered release. Liposome-mediated drug delivery has been successful in overcoming obstacles to cellular and tissue uptake of drugs with improved biodistribution in vitro and in vivo. These colloidal nanovehicles have moved on from a mere concept to clinical applications in various drug delivery systems for antifungal, antibiotic, and anticancer drugs.
Judicial Behavior and Devolution at the Privy Council
Authors: Amaral-Garcia Sofia , Garoupa Nuno
Published: April 2017

In this article, we study judicial behavior at the Judicial Committee of the Privy Council (JCPC). British judges in general, and British high court judges in particular, are perceived to be independent and isolated from political pressure and interference. Furthermore, these judges tend to show a particularly high rate of consensus. This has led many scholars to consider that, contrarily to what holds for several other courts around the world (such as the US Supreme Court), the attitudinal model does not find support when British higher court judges are considered. In this paper we assess whether similar conclusions might be drawn from the JCPC, another British court of last resort. We create a unique dataset to study empirically decisions of the JCPC and investigate the extent to which judges exhibit different judicial behavior depending on the type of appeal being brought to the court,
Wave propagation in functionally graded piezoelectric-piezomagnetic rectangular bars
Authors: Zhang Bo , Yu Jiangong , Shah Abid A. , Yang Xiaodong
Published: April 2017

In recent years, guided wave propagation in piezoelectric-piezomagnetic composite (PPC) structures are paid much attention for the design and optimization of PPC transducers. Previous investigations are mainly limited in horizontally infinite flat plates, axially infinite hollow cylinders, and so on. They are all one-dimensional model structures, i.e. structures having variable displacement field in only one direction, and the other two displacement fields are both constant. In this paper, a double orthogonal polynomial series approach is proposed to solve the guided wave in two-dimensional model structures, namely, a functionally graded piezoelectric-piezomagnetic (FGPP) bar with a rectangular cross section. The validity of the double polynomial approach is illustrated by the comparison with the available reference results for a pure elastic homogeneous rectangular bar. The guided wave characteristics, including dispersion curves and mechanical displacement distributions, are discussed by calculating various FGPP rectangular bars.
TÜKETİM KÜLTÜRÜNÜN GELİŞİM SÜRECİ VE TELEVİZYON PROGRAMLARININ KİŞİLERİN TÜKETİM DAVRANIŞI ÜZERİNDEKİ ROLÜ: BİR ODAK GRUP ÇALIŞMASI
Authors: YILMAZ Hazan , AYDIN Aslı Elif
Published: April 2017

Çalışmanın temel amacı bütün dünyayı etkisi altına alan kültürel bir değişim sürecinin tüketim üzerine etkilerini incelemektir. Kapitalizm ve küreselleşme gibi unsurların tetiklediği tüketim kültürü, liberalleşme sonucunda Türkiye’de de gelişme göstermiş, özellikle de televizyonlar aracılığıyla tüketim isteğini yaygınlaştırmıştır. Bu çalışmada televizyon programlarının kişilerin tüketim davranışlarına olan etkisini incelemek amacıyla odak grup yöntemi kullanılmıştır. Elde edilen bulgular katılımcıların, odak grupta tartışılmak üzere seçilen televizyon programı etkisiyle, tüketme eğilimlerinin arttığını ortaya koymuştur.
TURİZM İŞLETMELERİNDE KRİZ YÖNETİMİ UYGULAMALARININ ÖRGÜTSEL ÖĞRENME AÇISINDAN AMPİRİK OLARAK ANALİZİ
Authors: ÇİFTÇİ Gülsel , KÜÇÜKALTAN Derman , MENTEŞ Süleyman Ahmet
Published: April 2017

Bu çalışmada, işletmelerde kriz yönetimi uygulamalarının örgütsel öğrenme üzerindeki etkileri açısından ampirik olarak analizinin yapılması amaçlanmıştır. Türkiye’deki otel işletmelerinin, yaşadıkları krizlere nasıl tepki verdikleri, ne tür önlemler aldıkları ve krizlerin işletme operasyonu ve performansı için öğretici özelliklerinin olup olmadığının tespit edilmesi hedeflenmiştir. Ayrıca, konuyla ilgili literatüre katkı sağlanması, bu alanda yapılacak olan araştırmalara ve işletmecilere rehberlik edecek önerilerin sunulması amaçlanmaktadır. Bu kapsamda, T.C. Kültür ve Turizm Bakanlığı’nın 2014 (Ekim) yılı verileri dikkate alınarak, kıyı otelciliğinde en fazla işletme belgeli beş yıldızlı otelin, yatak kapasitesinin ve oda sayısının bulunduğu şehir olan Antalya ve şehir otelciliğinde en fazla beş yıldızlı otele, yatağa ve oda sayısına sahip İstanbul araştırma kapsamına dâhil edilmiştir. Bu çalışmanın birer turizm işletmesi olan otel işletmeleri üzerinde yapılmasına turizm sektörünün dünya ekonomisi üzerindeki etkisi göz önünde bulundurularak karar verilmiştir. Bu çalışmada, otel işletmelerindeki kriz yönetimi uygulamalarının örgütsel öğrenme üzerindeki etkilerinin ampirik olarak analizinin yapılması amaçlanmıştır. Türkiye’de faaliyet gösteren otel işletmelerinin yaşadıkları krizlere nasıl tepki verdikleri, ne tür önlemler aldıkları krizlerin işletme operasyonu ve performansı için öğretici özelliklerinin olup olmadığının tespit edilmesi hedeflenmiştir.
MECHANISMS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY: The multiple facets of GHRH/GH/IGF-I axis: lessons from lifetime, untreated, isolated GH deficiency due to a GHRH receptor gene mutation
Authors: Aguiar-Oliveira Manuel H , Souza Anita H O , Oliveira Carla R P , Campos Viviane C , Oliveira-Neto Luíz A , Salvatori Roberto
Published: April 2017

Twenty years ago, we described kindred of 105 individuals with isolated GH deficiency (IGHD) in Itabaianinha County, in northeast Brazil, carrying a homozygous mutation in the GH-releasing hormone receptor gene. These subjects exhibit markedly reduced GH responsiveness to stimulatory tests, and anterior pituitary hypoplasia. Serum concentrations of IGF-I, IGF binding protein type 3 and the acid-labile subunit are markedly reduced, with a lesser reduction of IGF-II. The most striking physical findings of these IGHD individuals are the proportionate short stature, doll facies, high-pitched voice and visceral obesity with reduced fat-free mass. There is neither microphallus, nor neonatal hypoglycemia. Puberty is delayed, menopause anticipated, but fertility is preserved in both genders. The reduction in bone sizes is not even, with mean standard deviation scores for height of −7.2, total maxillary length of −6.5, total facial height of −4.3 and cephalic perimeter of −2.7. In addition, the non-osseous growth is not uniform, preserving some organs, like pancreas, liver, kidney, brain and eyes, and compromising others such as thyroid, heart, uterus and spleen. These subjects present higher prevalence of dizziness, mild high-tones sensorineural hearing loss, reduction of vascular retinal branching points, increase of optic disk, genu valgum and increased systolic blood pressure. Biochemically, they have high low density lipoprotein cholesterol and C-reactive protein levels, but maintain increased insulin sensitivity, and do not show premature atherosclerosis. Finally, they have normal immune function, and normal longevity. This review details the findings and summarizes 20 years of clinical research carried out in this unique population.
De Pozo Redondo a Nueva Esperanza: reasentamiento en la ribera amazónica colombiana
Authors: Carvajal Sánchez Nohora Inés , López Urrego Ángela , Camacho Álvarez Armando
Published: April 2017

Este artículo presenta una descripción y análisis del proceso de reasentamiento de la comunidad indígena tikuna de Pozo Redondo hacia su actual ubicación, Puerto Esperanza, en el Trapecio Amazónico colombiano. Proceso adelantado en los años noventa del siglo XX. El interés principal es la comprensión de algunos de los aspectos más relevantes de este traslado que caracterizamos como migración interna. Por lo tanto, centramos nuestro interés en las percepciones de los actuales pobladores de Puerto Esperanza acerca de la relocalización de la comunidad y, además, sobre las transformaciones y adaptaciones en sus modos de vida, producto de su traslado desde la várzea en zona inundable del río Amazonas a una zona de lomerío en tierra firme.
ASPEK REPRODUKSI IKAN LAYANG DELES (Decapterus macrosoma) DAN SIRO (Amblygasta sirm) SEBAGN PERTIMBANGAN DALAM PENGELOLAANNYA DI LAUT JAWA
Authors: Atmaja Suherman Banon , Nugroho Duto
Published: April 2017

lebih dari 80% ikan layang deles (Decapterus macrosoma) dan siro (Amblygaster sirm) di laut Jawa yeng tertangkap oleh pukat cincin adalah ikan-ikan masih belum matang seksual (immaure), Hasil tangkepan didominasi ikan berukuran 13-19 cm (FL). Analisis pengaruh tekanen penangkapan selame satu dekade tidak menunjukkan penurunan ukuran ikan yang tertangkap.
PENGARUH SALINITAS TERHADAP KELANGSUNGAN HIDUP DAN PERTUMBUHAN IKAN NILA, Oreochromis niloticus
Authors: Pirzan A. Marsambuana , Tahe Suwardi
Published: April 2017

Percobaan ini bertuiuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh tingket salinitas terhadapkelangsungan hidup dan pertumbuhan ikan nila O.niloticus. Percobaan dilakukanmenggunakan bak serat gelas berbentuk silinder dengan kapasitas 60 I per bak sebanyak 12 bak.
DISAIN DAN KARAKTERISTIK JARING PUKAT CINCIN UKURAN SEDANG DI PANTAI UTARA JAWA
Authors: Wijopriono Wijopriono , Mahiswara Mahiswara
Published: April 2017

Perikanan pukat cincin ukuran sedang telah berkembang di utara Jawa. Penelitianmengenai alat tangkap tersebut telah dilakukan pada bulan September - Oktober 1993, dengan tujuan untuk memperoleh data dan informasi mengenai disain dan karakteristiknya bagi pengembangan di daerah perairan lainnya. Penelitian dilaksanakan dengan melakukan pengukuran, pengoperasian dan wawancara
STATUS TEKNOLOGI PENANGKAPAN IKAN DEMERSAL DAN KEMUNGKINAN PENGEMBANGANNYA DI KABUPATEN LOMBOK BARAT
Authors: Anung Agustinus , Barus H.R.
Published: April 2017

Aktivitas penangkapan ikan demersal yang dilakukan neleyan di Kebupaten LombokBarat terkonsentresi di daerah perairan Selat Lombok.
KAJIAN SOSIAL EKONOMI NELAYAN DI DANAU LIMBOTO, SULAWESI UTARA
Authors: Azizi Achmad , Krismono Krismono , Sarnita Achmad S.
Published: April 2017

Penelitian kajian sosial ekonomi nelayan di Danau Limboto, Sulawesi Utara dilakukandalam bulan Januari hingga Maret 1995. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan menggunakanmetode survei.
Managerial Competencies for Various Management Levels
Authors: Tyrańska Małgorzata
Published: April 2017

In the light of the role they play in the effective management of organisations, managerial competencies are a subject of interest for researchers throughout the world today. This is reflected in the huge number of publications on the topic. The competencies of managers of both enterprises and public organisations are investigated.The managerial competency list is a basic managerial competencies management tool that enables the identification, realisation assessment and development of necessary managerial competencies. The list can be used to identify competency gaps among management staff.The objective of the article is to list managerial competencies the author believes are necessary for managers in contemporary enterprises, based on a review of the literature. The results of the research indicate significant competencies for the effective performance of managers at various levels of management: highest, middle, lowest. Delphi method was used in the research, in which the following participated: 100 experts, including 42 professors of management and 58 managers from various levels of management in the enterprises employing at least 50 employees. The results of the research were compared with the R. L. Katz’s model of managerial skills.
Doskonalenie procesów w administracji publicznej z zastosowaniem lean government
Authors: Walczak Maciej
Published: April 2017

The article examines the issue of lean government, a concept used to improve the functioning of public sector institutions. It first describes current trends in the public sector and the concept of new public management. It then defines lean government and classifies losses brought on by the specifics of public administration. It outlines key barriers to implementing the methods that have been used to improve commercial organisations, and presents guidelines for applying the lean approach in public sector organisations. The article concludes by looking at the need to introduce this concept in the organisations in Poland’s public sector.
Metody analizy i oceny ryzyka stosowane w zarządzaniu kryzysowym na poziomie gminnym
Authors: Kąkol Urszula , Marczewski Marcin
Published: April 2017

This article examines crisis management on the municipal level. The rapid reaction of territorial administration units to crisis and the correct assessment of the possibility of it occurring is more and more important. The goal of the article is to identify the risk analysis and assessment methods which are or could be used for crisis management purposes on the municipal level. The risk assessment needs of territorial administration units are defined and the survey results of practical utility of risk analysis and assessment methods is presented. The best risk analysis and assessment practices in the world are also discussed.
Metodyka zarządzania ryzykiem współpracy z operatorem logistycznym
Authors: Tyrańska Małgorzata , Małkus Tomasz
Published: April 2017

The aim of the article is to draw attention to the fact that a company’s cooperation with a logistics service provider may also be a source of risk. The efficiency of the enterprise’s operations can reduce the risk involved in cooperation with the logistics service provider. For that to happen, however, the origin of a risk must be identified and the strength of its impact on the enterprise’s operations determined. It is possible to identify and reduce the negative effects of cooperation risk with a logistics service provider by applying risk management methodology that will make it possible to identify and diagnose the origin of the place of risk, determine the risk level and select appropriate methods to mitigate or eliminate it. The procedure proposed identifies negative phenomena and enables the proper flow and coordination of information. The risk management methodology is aimed at identifying those aspects of cooperation with the logistics service provider which are incompatible with the standards and criteria established in advance, to ensure a state of flexible cooperation and to reduce the possibility of the costs of the cooperation rising.
Modelling the early strength of alkali-activated cement composites containing palm oil fuel ash
Authors: Salami Babatunde Abiodun , Johari Megat Azmi Megat , Ahmad Zainal Arifin , Owolabi Taoreed Olakunle , Maslehuddin Mohammed , Olatunji Sunday Olusanya
Published: April 2017

Palm oil fuel ash (Pofa) and polyvinyl alcohol fibres were used to make an alkali-activated cementitious composite mortar, which was then tested. Based on the test results, a support vector regression model was developed to estimate the effect of the alkaline activator/Pofa ratio on early compressive strength at different added water contents. The results from the model show that the mortar strength increased as the sodium silicate+sodium hydroxide/Pofa ratio increased up to an optimum, after which the strength declined considerably. The sodium hydroxide molarity and added water were also found to have a significant effect on strength. Excellent agreement was found between the model results and test results. The precision and accuracy of the developed model show its potential for reducing the challenges of acquiring experimental data.
A new approach for estimating internal stability of reinforced soil structures
Authors: Weerasekara L. , Hall B. , Wijewickreme D.
Published: April 2017

The current practice for designing reinforced soil structures involves the use of empirical or semi-empirical methods to estimate the maximum reinforcement loads using different variants of tributary area method. As the soil–reinforcement interaction is not explicitly captured in these methods, a number of limitations exist in estimating the maximum reinforcement load and pullout resistance. This paper presents a new method called the soil–reinforcement interaction method to assess the internal stability of reinforced soil structures. As a part of its derivation, a more refined interface friction model was developed that accounts for the increased friction from soil dilation and subsequent reduction in friction with displacement. By combining the interface friction model and reinforcement stiffness, an analytical model was developed to relate the displacement, strain, force, and mobilized frictional length for a given reinforcement. Using this model, an approach was developed to assess the internal stability of reinforced soil structures. The method allows estimation of the factor of safety against internal failure by considering the soil–reinforcement interaction and boundary conditions. To demonstrate the applicability of this method, several reported pullout tests and three full-scale reinforced walls are modeled.