bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Exploring prostate cancer screening among men in Accra using the health belief model
Authors: M. Boafo Isaac , M. Tetteh Peace , A. Hiadzi Rosemond
Published: January 2024

Objective: To explore the prevalence of prostate cancer screening among Ghanaian men and interrogate why some individuals screen for the disease and others do not.Design: A cross-sectional questionnaire survey based on the Health Belief Model was used to collect data from 356 men aged 40 years and above. Data were collected between February and March 2021.Setting: The study was conducted in the Accra metropolitan area of the Greater Accra region of Ghana.Participants: Convenience sampling was used to recruit participants for the study.Results: Although 86% of the respondents had heard about prostate cancer, only 23% had ever screened for it. Logistic regression analysis suggested that knowledge of the disease (OR = 1.19, CI 95% = 1.03 -1.38) and barriers to screening (OR = .87, CI 95% = .83 -.91) were statistically significant predictors of screening behaviour.Conclusion: HBM has limited predictive power as far as our study is concerned. We suggest increasing public education on prostate cancer and its screening methods. The cost of screening should also be made more affordable so as not to become a barrier.
An audit of prescribing pattern of anti-epileptic drugs with its effect on therapeutic drug levels and seizure control at a tertiary care public hospital
Authors: Munshi Renuka , Pilliwar Chaitali , Maurya Miteshkumar
Published: January 2024

Objective: The study objective was to evaluate the prescription pattern and use of anti-seizure medications (ASMs) in patients with a seizure disorder and to evaluate if a change in the ASM dose had a beneficial effect on seizure control, observed through Therapeutic Drug Monitoring [TDM] level of ASMs.Methods: Details of anti-seizure medications with their therapeutic levels in the blood of patients with seizure disorder were analysed.Design: Hospital-based retrospective analysis of patient case recordsSettings: Therapeutic Drug Monitoring OPD of a tertiary care public teaching hospitalParticipants: Case records of 918 patients with seizure disorder from 2016-2021Results: Data of men (53%) and women (47%) aged between 18-75 years was assessed About 62% (566/918) of patients were on levetiracetam, the most frequently prescribed anti-seizure medication. Whenever the ASMs dose was increased or decreased based on TDM levels, it was associated with a significant increase in the frequency of breakthrough seizures [OR- 5 (95% CI: 1.28-19.46)]. However, significant seizure control was observed when the patients were on the same maintenance dose of the anti-seizure medication [OR- 0.2 (95% CI: 0.06-0.63)]. Whenever an additional new anti-epileptic drug was prescribed or removed from the pre-existing anti-epileptic medications, it did not significantly impact seizure control.Conclusion: Individualising drug therapy and therapeutic drug monitoring for each patient, along with patient factors such as medication compliance, concomitant drug and disease history, and pharmacogenetic assessment, should be the ideal practice in patients with seizures for better seizure control.
Clinical presentation, radiographic findings, and treatment outcomes in children with adenoid hypertrophy in a paediatric outpatient clinic in Enugu, Nigeria
Authors: O. Ohuche Ijeoma , I. Iloanusi Nneka , M. Dike Chinedu , N. Chime Ethel
Published: January 2024

Objectives: To determine the clinical presentation, imaging features and outcomes of children with adenoid hyper-trophy in our setting.Design: A retrospective study.Setting: The paediatric clinic of a private hospital in Enugu.Participants: 51 children, aged 2 to 108 months, with suggestive clinical features and radiographic report of adenoid hypertrophy who presented over 3 yearsInterventions: Clinical information was obtained from the patient’s medical records. Data was analysed for the clinical characteristics of the patients, the relationship between the degree of airway narrowing on a postnasal space (PNS) radiograph and treatment outcomes.Main outcome measures: Degree of airway narrowing as measured on a PNS radiograph, the type of and outcomes of treatmentResults: There was an almost equal male (54.7%): female (45.1%) ratio in the occurrence of adenoid hypertrophy, with a mean age of occurrence of 31.50 ± 3.64 months. Noisy breathing was the commonest symptom (94.1%); history of atopic rhinitis in 64.7% of cases and hyperactive airway disease in 45.1% more than 50% of cases with airway narrowing resolved with medical management only.Conclusion: Adenoid hypertrophy should be considered in evaluating the upper airway in children under five. Paediatricians should be conversant with diagnosing and managing this common cause of upper airway obstruction.
Lack of consensus in inter-laboratory haematology results in selected laboratories in the southern and northern zones of Ghana
Authors: B. Halidu Ibrahim , X. Gafa Amos , D. K. Blanney Samuel , T. Barimah Benjamin , Akan-Enge David , Boachie Joseph , A. Kontor Kate , Adu Patrick
Published: January 2024

Objective: To assess the inter-laboratory comparability and intra-assay reproducibility of full blood count (FBC) results.Design: Exploratory cross-sectional study.Setting: Three and two selected medical laboratories in the northern and southern zones, respectively.Participants: Forty-nine individuals per zone; 16 type 2 diabetes mellitus, 16 with HbAS haemoglobin type and 17 normal samplesIntervention: Each sample was run eleven times through the analysers in the participating laboratories to evaluate intra-laboratory reproducibility and comparability of FBC results.Main Outcome Measure: Intra-laboratory reproducibility was evaluated using %coefficient variation (%CV). Inter-laboratory comparisons were assessed through t-test or One-Way ANOVA for two-sample and three-sample tests. All statistical testing was undertaken using the two-tailed assumption.Result: Statistically significantly different haemoglobin levels were estimated in both northern and southern zones (mean difference 0.00 g/dL to 3.75 g/dL vs 0.18 g/dL to 1.92 g/dL respectively). Also, total WBC counts significantly differed across laboratories in both northern and southern zones (mean difference 0.15 x109/L - 3.86 x109/L vs 0.02 x109/L to 1.39 x109/L respectively). Furthermore, platelet counts significantly differed across the participating laboratories in the northern and southern zones (mean difference 0.40 x109/L to 299.76 x109/L vs 5.7 x109/L to 76.9 x109/L respectively). Moreover, there was evidence of non-reproducibility of results within the respective laboratories in each zone as the respective %CV were outside the acceptable limits.Conclusion: The intra-laboratory non-reproducibility and inter-laboratory non-comparability of FBC results highlight the need to establish a national quality assessment scheme to harmonise laboratory practices nationwide.
Coping with the economic burden of non-communicable diseases among hypertensive and diabetic patients in private and public health facilities in Ado-Ekiti, Nigeria
Authors: M. Ipinnimo Tope , T. Ipinnimo Motunrayo , K. Alabi Ayodele , H. Buari Taiwo , O. Ajida-hun Esther , K. Olasehinde Olanrewaju , M. Ipinnimo Oluwadare , O. Ojo John
Published: January 2024

Objective: To assess and compare how private and public health facilities patients cope with the economic burden of non-communicable diseases.Design: Comparative cross-sectional study.Setting: Thirty-nine private and eleven public health facilities in Ado-Ekiti, NigeriaParticipants: Three hundred and forty-eight (Private:173; Public:175) patients with hypertension or diabetes, or both were recruited.Main Outcome Measures: Specific coping methods and numbers of coping strategies used by participants, as well as the perceived ability of participants to cope with the economic burden of non-communicable diseases.Results: Majority of participants paid through out-of-pocket (OOP) than through health insurance(HI) (Pri-vate:OOP:90.2% HI:9.8%; Public:OOP:94.3% HI:5.7%; p=0.152). More participants in private used instalment payments(p<0.001). However, other coping strategies showed no significant difference in both groups(p>0.05). Delayed treatment (Private:102; Public:95) was the most used strategy in both arms, and the number of strategies used by the participants showed no significant difference(p=0.061). Lower levels of education, out-of-pocket payment, increasing number of clinic visits, and hospital admission were associated with the use of higher numbers of coping strategies in both groups while being female and retired/unemployed were associated with the private arm.Conclusion: Although most patients in both groups pay out-of-pocket and use detrimental coping strategies, more patients in private arm use installment payment, a non-detrimental method. Healthcare providers, especially public providers, should adopt policies encouraging patients to use non-detrimental coping strategies to meet their healthcare expenditures.
Idiopathic parietal bone thinning mimicking a bone lesion
Authors: Saliba Thomas , De Leucio Alessandro , Simoni Paolo
Published: January 2024

Idiopathic focal unilateral skull thinning is a rare finding. An explanation, such as trauma or disease, can often be found. However, in some cases, no explanation is forthcoming, and thus, we must look further into their history for a possible cause. The case of a nine-year-old boy with a crescent-shaped unilateral parietal bone thinning and a history of ventouse-assisted birth is presented. The lesion matches a ventouse’s typical location, shape, and size. Thus, with the support of one other reported similar case, we hypothesise this may be the origin. We present the case of a crescent-shaped lesion matching the imprint of a ventouse in a child with a concordant history. This finding is put in the context of similar reports in the literature, and we believe that this report provides further evidence of this obscure phenomenon.
Angiographic severity of coronary artery disease and the influence of major cardiovascular risk factors
Authors: J. Dung Nehemiah , M. Tettey Mark , Tamatey Martin , A. Sereboe Lawrence , Doku Alfred , Adu- Adadey Martin , Agyekum Francis
Published: January 2024

Objective: To determine the angiographic severity of coronary artery disease (CAD) and assess the influence of major cardiovascular risk factors (CVRF).Study design: a cross-sectional, hospital-based study.Setting: the catheterisation laboratory of the National Cardiothoracic Centre, Accra, Ghana.Participants: for 12 months, consecutive patients admitted for coronary angiography were assessed for the presence of CVRFs. Those with significant CAD after angiography were recruited into the study.Intervention: The patient’s angiograms were analysed, and the CAD severity was obtained using the SYNTAX scoring criteria.Main outcome measure: The lesion overall severity (SYNTAX) score and the relationship with CVRFs present.Results: out of the 169 patients that had coronary angiography, 78 had significant CAD. The mean SYNTAX score was 20.18 (SD= 10.68), with a significantly higher value in dyslipidaemic patients (p < 0.001). Pearson’s correlation between the score and BMI was weak (r= 0.256, p= 0.034). The occurrence of high SYNTAX score lesions in about 18% of the population was significantly associated with hypertension (OR= 1.304, 95% CI [1.13-1.50]; p= 0.017) dyslipidaemia (OR= 5.636, 95% CI [1.17-27.23]; p= 0.019), and obesity (OR= 3.960, 95% CI [1.18-13.34]; p= 0.021). However, after adjusting for confounding factors, only dyslipidaemia significantly influenced its occurrence (aOR= 5.256, 95% CI [1.03-26.96]; p= 0.047).Conclusion: Even though the most severe form of CAD was found in about one-fifth of the study population, its occurrence was strongly influenced by the presence of dyslipidaemia.
An assessment of COVID-19 vaccine knowledge and acceptability among healthcare workers in a Nigerian tertiary hospital
Authors: I. Osaigbovo Iriagbonse , Ogboghodo Esohe , E. Obarisiagbon Otaniyenuwa , E. Obaseki Darlington
Published: January 2024

Objectives: To assess the knowledge and acceptability of COVID-19 vaccines among HCWs.Design: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted in March 2021 among eligible HCWs using a self-administered questionnaire.Setting: The study was conducted in a southern Nigerian tertiary hospital.Participants: All HCWs not on annual or study leave were eligible to participate. The number of HCWs in each occupational category was determined by proportional allocation. HCWs were selected by stratified sampling technique.Main outcome measures: Knowledge of COVID-19 vaccines was assessed using 25 questions. The minimum and maximum scores were 0 and 25, respectively. Scores were converted to percentages. Scores of 50% and above were rated as good knowledge. Participants were also asked if they were willing to receive the vaccine.Results: The mean age of 512 participating HCWs was 33.4±7.8 with an M:F ratio of 1:1.1. Overall, 399 (76.6%) had good knowledge. Occupation and exposure to COVID-19 were predictors of knowledge. Three hundred and twenty eight respondents (63.0%) were willing to take the vaccine. Predictors of willingness to accept vaccination were age, sex, number of years in employment and knowledge about the vaccines (p< 0.05).Conclusions: Most HCWs had good knowledge and were disposed to accepting the COVID-19 vaccine. Educational interventions are necessary to improve HCWs knowledge as they may provide vaccine-related information to the general public.
Relationship between anaemia, hypoalbuminaemia, and dietary lifestyle of the older adults attending a primary care clinic in Nigeria
Authors: L. Olawumi Abdulgafar , A. Grema Bukar , K. Suleiman Abdullahi , C. Michael Godpower , A. Umar Zainab , A. Mohammed Abiso , I. Rufai Ahmad , B. Mahmud Mahmud , A. Muhammad Hauwa
Published: January 2024

Objectives: To determine the prevalence and severity of anaemia and assess the relationship between dietary lifestyle, hypoalbuminaemia, and anaemia of older personsDesign: A cross-sectional hospital-based study.Setting: This study was conducted in the General Outpatient Clinic, the primary care unit of Aminu Kano Teaching Hospital in Kano, Nigeria.Participants: A total of 378 patients aged ≥ 60 years who presented to the General Out-patient Clinic.Main outcome measures: Prevalence and severity of anaemia, relationship between anaemia and hypoalbuminaemia, and dietary lifestyle of the participants.Results: A total of 348 respondents completed the study. The mean age of respondents was 67.83 ±7.53 years, with female (60.9%) predominance. The prevalence of anaemia and hypoalbuminaemia were 42.2% and 17.8%, respectively. Hypoalbuminaemia (β=0.335, 95%CI=0.131-0.229, P<0.001), long duration of comorbidities (β= -0.179, 95%CI= -0.165-0.047, P<0.001), one full meal/day (β=0.130, 95%CI=0.224-1.879, P=0.013), and low monthly income (β=0.122, 95%CI=0.179-1.543, P=0.026) were the predictors of anaemia among the older persons in this study.Conclusion: This study revealed a high prevalence of anaemia among older adults. The identified predictors, such as hypoalbuminaemia, long duration of comorbidities, reduced food intake and low monthly income, will be useful in developing guidelines and strategies for managing the condition in primary care settings and other similar sites.
Scimitar syndrome in a four-month-old infant
Authors: Owusu-Sekyere Frank , M. Adabayeri Victoria , Otoo Efua , Adja-Sai Claudia , M. Boateng Akosua
Published: January 2024

The Scimitar syndrome or pulmonary venolobar syndrome is a rare, complex and variable congenital anomaly of cardiopulmonary development characterised by an abnormal right-sided pulmonary venous drainage in the inferior vena cava, malformation of the right lung, abnormal arterial supply and sometimes cardiac malformations. These serious anomalies notwithstanding, their presentation is varied, ranging from asymptomatic to severe symptoms, particularly in the neonatal and early infantile period. Some symptomatic cases are misdiagnosed as recurrent lower respiratory tract infections or as heart failure, missing the underlying congenital anomaly. Considering associated serious complications such as pulmonary hypertension and a high mortality rate, accurate and timely diagnosis is mandatory. This requires a high index of suspicion, not only by clinicians but also by radiologists who encounter suggestive chest radiographs in asymptomatic children. Still, the classic radiological finding for which the condition is named is seen in only about 50% of all cases and only 10% in affected infants. We highlight this case to heighten clinicians’ and radiologists’ suspicions about Scimitar syndrome.
Optimizing seeding rates for irrigated bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) varieties in the lowland area of Jawi, northwestern Ethiopia
Authors: Shigedib Solomon , Bitew Yayeh
Published: January 2024

Bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) is one of the main food security crops in sub-Saharan Africa. The Ethiopian government is putting a great effort into increasing the production of bread wheat under various production systems to narrow the gap between demand and supply. There is no agronomic recommendation for wheat production produced under irrigation conditions. Thus, this study was initiated to identify the optimum seeding rates of different wheat varieties for the highest-yield and profitability in the lowland area of northwestern Ethiopia under irrigation conditions in 2020/2021. The experiment was laid out using a randomized complete block design with three replications. The treatments are five levels of seeding rates (100, 125, 150, 175 and 200 kg ha-1) and three bread wheat varieties (Fentale-2, Kakaba and Ogelcho). Wheat yield and yield component data were statistically subjected to analysis of variance using SAS-JMP-16 software. Results revealed that the performance of wheat varieties in the lowland area of Jawi was promising irrespective of their yield differences. The study showed the highest number of total and effective tillers per unit area; and biomass and grain yield were recorded when varieties Fentale-2, Kakaba and Ogelcho were planted at a seed rate of 200 kg ha-1, 175 kg ha-1 and 200 kg ha-1, respectively.The same varieties gave a grain yield of 3.99 t ha-1, 3.47 t ha-1 and 3.44 t ha-1, respectively. On the other side, maximum net benefit and marginal rate of return were obtained when the variety Fentale-2 was planted at a seeding rate of 200 kg ha-1 (NB = 65,778.8 ETB ha-1 and MRR = 224 %) followed by the same variety at the seed rate 175 kg ha-1 (NB = 63,402.4 ETB ha-1 and MRR = 297 %). Thus, it can be concluded that planting variety Fentale-2 with 200 kg ha-1 seed rate under irrigation condition is the promising agronomic practice in lowland agro-ecology of Jawi area. However, further research is also recommended by considering the appropriate planting time and the irrigation water requirement.
Reflections on village savings and self-help group schemes in the era of the Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) in Seke District, Zimbabwe
Authors: Norman Chivasa, PhD
Published: January 2024

In low-income communities across the globe, informal economic initiatives such as self-help groups have often provided a buffer against the vagaries of broader economic and social circumstances. Village savings and loan associations popularly known as the ‘Mukando scheme’ in Zimbabwe, is one such example of a self-help group scheme. The study reflects on the data obtained from three village savings and loan association schemes in ward 8 of Seke District, to assess the extent to which group members of this scheme observed the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) preventive measures when conducting their routine activities. Results showed that akin to every self-help group, the frequency of meetings in ward 8 was disrupted as members of the scheme could not meet to collect their savings. It also emerged that for those members that borrowed from the group funds with the hope to pay back on interest, the lockdowns caused a delay in the paying back of money loaned out by members of the scheme, as everyone was housebound. Participants in ward 8 acknowledged that there was no cure for COVID-19 to date, except life support systems for those experiencing respiratory complications. For that reason, they resolved to adapt to the use of face masks, covering coughs and sneezes, regular hand washing with soap, avoiding contact with infected people, and maintaining social distance. The study concludes that in taking all these precautions, observing social distance and putting on face masks remained supreme.
How to cite this article using ASWNet style
Chivasa, N. (2023). Reflections on village savings and self-help group schemes in the era of the Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) in Seke District, Zimbabwe. People centred – The Journal of Development Administration (JDA), 8(2), 37-43. https://dx.doi.org/10.4314/jda.v8i2.3       
Visit journal website: https://jda.africasocialwork.net
Internal insecurity in Nigeria and the conundrum of out-of-school children
Authors: Emordi Promise Jude  , Egbuchulam Prisca Chibuzor
Published: January 2024

Governments worldwide are responsible for ensuring the safety and security of their citizens and providing uninterrupted access to quality education. Unfortunately, the Nigerian government has faced challenges in fulfilling these responsibilities, resulting in a rise in out-of-school children. This study investigates the impact of internal insecurity, including incidents of student kidnapping and attacks on schools by bandits and terrorists, primarily in northern Nigeria, on the educational system. Relying on the bottom-top approach, and designed as a qualitative desk research, utilizing the documentary data collection and analysis methods, the study explores how these security challenges have contributed to the growing rate of out-of-school children and how best to use the bottom-top approach to resolve the identified challenges. The findings reveal that student kidnapping and incessant attacks on schools, coupled with the antecedent school closures, have hindered the accessibility and affordability of basic education, leading to an increase in the number of out-of-school children in Nigeria. Based on the results, the study recommends government prioritization and increased funding for education, as well as providing scholarship support and the deployment of armed education marshals to vulnerable students from security-challenged states.
 
How to cite this article using ASWNet style
Emordi, P. J. and Egbuchulam, P. C. (2023). Internal insecurity in Nigeria and the conundrum of out-of-school children. People centred – The Journal of Development Administration (JDA), 8(2), 49. Social Work and Development Student Conference (SWDSC), 16 June 2023. https://dx.doi.org/10.4314/jda.v8i2.7
Conference Abstract
Social Work and Development Student Conference (SWDSC), Held on 16 June 2023, Day of the African Child (DAC), Organised by Africa Social Work and Development Network (ASWDN).
Conference Organising Committee: Danzel Rademan, University of the Free State, South Africa (Chairperson); Atuhairwe Collins, Student, Master of Social Work, Makerere University, Uganda (Vice-Chairperson); Never Winnie James Sebit, South Sudan; Bachelor in Social Work, RCSS, India (Secretary); Tatenda Sukulao, Bachelor of Social Work, Midlands State University, Zimbabwe (Vice-Secretary); Norman T. Manyika, Student, Bachelor of Social Work, University of Zimbabwe (Committee member) & Takudzwa Banda, Bachelor of Social Work, University of Zimbabwe (Committee member).
Visit journal website: https://jda.africasocialwork.net
Using aquaponics to fight against hunger
Authors: Edwin A Snorton Jr
Published: January 2024

The joint effort to address malnutrition amongst school children in Liberia through Aquaponics particularly at the More Than Me Academy by the social work students at the AME University and the Extra curriculum Lead at Hilltop Schools came about when the nurse at the Academy started her regular malnutrition and deworming assessment where she discovered that 20% of the students in the elementary section were malnourished. Students of Social Work department doing Internship at the MTMA came together and brainstormed on ways of addressing this health deficiency crisis. The interns finalized that in other to address the malnutrition issues among the students, they will provide nutritious meal highlighted from the food pyramid. This effort aligns with goal two of the Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) which envision a zero hunger world, we later discussed about a more sustainable methods of ensuring that all the kids including the ones with malnutrition at the Academy continue having a healthy diet during their days in schools. From this discussion, we as students decided to embark on a garden project which will serve as the main source of nutrients that will matched that of the pyramid.How to cite this article using ASWNet styleSnorton, E. A. Jr (2023). Environmental empowerment: A new approach to poverty eradication in Africa. People centred – The Journal of Development Administration (JDA), 8(3), 92. Social Work and Development Student Conference (SWDSC), 16 June 2023. https://dx.doi.org/10.4314/jda.v8i3.7

Conference AbstractSocial Work and Development Student Conference (SWDSC), Held on 16 June 2023, Day of the African Child (DAC), Organised by Africa Social Work and Development Network (ASWDN).

Conference Organising Committee: Danzel Rademan, University of the Free State, South Africa (Chairperson); Atuhairwe Collins, Student, Master of Social Work, Makerere University, Uganda (Vice-Chairperson); Never Winnie James Sebit, South Sudan; Bachelor in Social Work, RCSS, India (Secretary); Tatenda Sukulao, Bachelor of Social Work, Midlands State University, Zimbabwe (Vice-Secretary); Norman T. Manyika, Student, Bachelor of Social Work, University of Zimbabwe (Committee member) & Takudzwa Banda, Bachelor of Social Work, University of Zimbabwe (Committee member).

Visit journal website: https://jda.africasocialwork.net
Dynamics of Religious Organisations in Responding to COVID-19: A Case of Islamic and Christians Organisations in Urban Tanzania
Authors: Muhoja Mussa S.
Published: January 2024

Despite the dynamics of public health policies during COVID-19 pandemic in Tanzania, religious organisations (ROs) enhanced healthcare services and support while adapting safe measures. The study assessed the health care and support activities conducted by ROs during COVID-19. Furthermore, the study explored how Islamic and Christians teachings, practices, and meanings were crucial to the design and execution of ROs’ COVID-19 healthcare activities. The study employed the concepts of religion as a model for, and model of lived reality; and development as holistic process. The study used ethnographic approaches such as participant observation, interviews and focus group discussion. Findings showed that ROs conducted both medical and non-medical activities, formal and informal healthcare services and provided support to their members and the general public access to COVID-19 related healthcare services and support particularly for those coming from poor socioeconomic backgrounds. Religious teachings, practices and meanings informed and motivated ROs healthcare workers, followers and the management in responding to COVID-19. The study concludes that ROs’ COVID-19 healthcare interventions are dynamic, adaptive and practical for they influence and are being influenced by religious teachings, practices, experiences and meanings as well as existing socio-economic and political realities.
Molecular and serological detection of Newcastle disease virus in live-bird markets, Jos, Plateau State Nigeria.
Authors: Chinyere C. N. , Mkpuma N. , Meseko C. A. , Shittu I. , Okwor E. , Ezema W. , Nwosuh C.
Published: January 2024

Newcastle disease (ND) is a highly infectious viral disease of birds caused by the Newcastle disease virus (NDV) and it has been reported in domestic birds in Nigeria. Waterfowls and village poultry in live bird markets (LBM) acts as reservoirs, potentially reintroducing the virus to commercial poultry. This study aims at molecular and serological detection of NDV at live bird markets in Plateau State, Nigeria. A cross sectional analysis involved 309 pooled cloacal and tracheal swabs over three months were analyzed by reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), RT-qPCR, virus isolation and haemagglutination and haemagglutination-inhibition test (HA &HI). Virus isolation was attempted in 9 to 11 days old specific antibody negative (SAN) embryonated chicken eggs and fifteen samples showed haemagglutination. Subsequent tests confimed nine of these as NDV positive through haemagglutination and haemagglutination inhibition (HI) tests. ConventionalRT-PCR and RT-qPCR further validated five of the nine NDV positive isolates. The phylogenetic analysis of partial F gene nucleotide sequences revealed that all three isolates belonged to class II genotype XIV.2_XIVb. This finding underscores the persistent threat of NDV to local poultry, necessitating comprehensive virological surveillance to understand, isolate and characterize the virus in Nigeria. Therefore, monitoring for emerging lineages and sub-lineages in Nigeria birds is crucial for safeguarding commercial poultry production.
Sacred sites, identity, and resilience - on the retrieval of collective and historic identity across religious and cultural difference
Authors: Kleinhempel Ullrich R , Nicolaides Prof Angelo
Published: January 2024

This study explores the role of eminent buildings and shrines of cultural and religious significance for collective and individual identities, in the context of present culture with its disruptions of tradition, in cultural and religious regard. It draws on the renewed awareness of this connection, that developed in public debate in France, after the arson of eminent cathedrals, and in Germany, in debate about the reconstruction of historic buildings after reunification. The controversies are presented and viewed with regard to the changing contexts of secularisation, migration and religious plurality. The recent debates are understood as indication of a gradual recognition of the role of ‘symbolic landscapes’ and of the value of relating to them, for the sake of strengthening the bond with historical identity and heritage, as intrinsically connected. The growing or reluctant realisation that this includes the religious dimension, is noted – with both Christianity and Paganism. Theory about the symbolic function of eminent religious buildings is included. This is considered, in particular, with regard to religious and cultural pluralism as condition of reception, for a strengthening of a common and shared symbolic landscape, relevant to identity. It includes a view to ‘pilgrimage’ as mode of connecting to such sites. The essay also takes restored and rediscovered sacred sites in Africa into view. Here the disruptions and devaluation of historical identity due to colonialism is kept in view as background. Eminent examples of reconstructed shrines as centres of a spiritual and cultural geography, reinforcing collective and individual identity, are presented, as. An example of active appropriation of ancient sacred sites of previous populations is also mentioned, from South Africa, as means of cultural and spiritual ‘territorialisation’.
INJECTION OF SUPERHEATED WATER VAPOR INTO A POROUS RESERVOIR SATURATED IN THE INITIAL STATE WITH METHANE AND ITS HYDRATE
Authors:   Ufa University of Science and Technology (Sterlitamak branch), KHASANOV M.K. , STOLPOVSKY M.V. ,   Ufa State Petroleum Technological University
Published: January 2024

The paper presents a mathematical model of injection of superheated water vapor into a porous medium saturated in the initial state with gas (methane) and its hydrate. The mathematical model is constructed under the assumption of the formation in the formation of four regions containing steam, condensed water, gas hydrate and its decomposition products, as well as three movable boundaries separating these regions and moving deep into the formation. It is established that at low values of the initial temperature of the system, a regime corresponding to the confluence of the methane displacement boundary and the decomposition front of the gas hydrate is realized. It is shown that an increase in the temperature of the injected steam leads only to an increase in the vapor condensation coordinate, while an increase in the values of the initial hydrate saturation leads to a decrease in the decomposition coordinate.
INVESTIGATION OF THE EFFECT OF REINFORCING CEMENTATION OF ROCKS ON THE STRESS STATE OF PARALLEL TUNNEL LININGS
Authors:   Tula State University, ANTSIFEROV S.V. , FEKLIN A.A. ,   Tula State University
Published: January 2024

The results of determining the stress state of the rock mass and the lining of two parallel tunnels constructed under the slope are presented, obtained using the developed analytical calculation method, which is based on the solution of the plane problem of elasticity theory, obtained using the mathematical apparatus of the theory of functions of a complex variable. The obtained results illustrate the influence on the stress state of the elements of the geomechanical system under consideration of the order of tunneling, the lag in the construction of the lining from the face, as well as the appearance of zones of reinforced soil around the tunnel walls. During the study, a computer program was used that implements the developed method, which makes it possible to effectively perform multivariate calculations in the design of underground structures and for research purposes.
Circadian Genes and Economic Traits in Livestock Animals
Authors: DUMAN Esra , ÖZMEN Özge
Published: January 2024

Circadian rhythms are oscillators of endogenous autonomic activity in all living organisms and regulate economic traits such as reproduction, milk characteristics and growth performance in farm animals. These rhythms are directly or indirectly controlled by the circadian clock in a 24-hour cycle. It has evolved as an adaptive system for living organisms in a cyclical natural environment. A regular circadian rhythm can be associated with good health, well-being, strong immunity, and high economic characteristics. The interaction between circadian rhythmicity and the physiology of farm animals is becoming an important focus of animal science. Understanding the circadian genes (CLOCK, BMAL, PER1, PER2, CRY1, CRY2) and actions regulating circadian oscillation in farm animals is important to improve management and increase economic traits. The study aimed to summarise the research on the effects of circadian rhythm genes on productivity and to highlight the importance of this topic
Peran Pemerintah Desa Dalam Pengendalian Pengambilan Pasir Pantai Secara Ilegal Oleh masyarakat di Desa Air Kumpai, Kecamatan Suak Midai
Authors: Maya Gustiani Putri Maya Gustiani Putri
Published: January 2024

Controlling illegal sand needs to be carried out in the hope of reducing the impact of damage to the environment and biological resources. This research aims to find out the role of the village. This research was conducted in Air Kumpai Village, Suak Midai District, Natuna Regency. The method used in this research is a qualitative method approach. Primary data collection was carried out by interviews with sources and respondents. Secondary data was obtained through literature study and documentation. The results of the research show that the Village government has attempted to control sand extraction in Air Kumpai Village. Efforts made by the government include conducting outreach and installing boards prohibiting sand extraction. Apart from that, there are still people who violate regulations and steal sand and do not understand the impact of damage to the environment or the necessities of life that encourage people to dare to steal sand. The village government and law enforcement officers are still less firm in taking action by criminal provisions regulated in statutory regulations.
Peran Pemerintah Dalam Penanganan Stunting Pada Balita Di Kelurahan Alai Kecamatan Ungar
Authors: Dea Ayu Fitria
Published: January 2024

Abstrak: Stunting is still a common nutritional problem in many regions. Stunting has a long-term impact as it can jeopardize the quality of future talent. Children who suffer from stunting are more susceptible to disease and are at risk of developing degenerative diseases as adults. Therefore, the role of the village government in the prevention and control of stunting is very important. The purpose of this study was to determine the role of the government in tackling stunting in Alai Village, Ungar District. The methodology used in this research is qualitative, using primary data from interviews with midwives at UPT Puskesmas Ungar and secondary data from several research journals.
Sukarno: Respon Terhadap Ketidakstabilan Kondisi Politik Pada Masa Demokrasi Liberal 1956-1959
Authors: Putri Lamia Rozianna
Published: January 2024

Diberlakukannya sistem Demokrasi Liberal atau Parlementer di Indonesia sejak tahun 1950-1959 ternyata dianggap kurang cocok oleh Presiden Sukarno. Anggapan ini muncul karena melihat kondisi politik pada periode tersebut cenderung tidak stabil dan justru didominasi oleh kepentingan setiap partai. Ini juga menjadi akibat dari adanya sistem multipartai yang dijalankanm sehingga banyak partai politik yang bermunculan. Artikel ini bertujuan untuk menjelaskan bagaimana respon Presiden Sukarno terhadap kondisi politik yang ada pada periode tersebut. Dalam penulisan artikel ini, penulis menggunakan metode penelitian sejarah dengan studi pustaka. Adapun langkah-langkah dalam metode penelitian sejarah meliputi tahap pemilihan topik, heuristik, kritik sumber, interpretasi, dan historiografi. Hasilnya, Presiden Sukarno merespon kondisi politik pada saat itu dengan menggaungkan mengenai Nasakom, Konsepsi Presiden yang didalmnya turut memuat pengenalan sistem Demokrasi Liberal, Kabinet Gotong Royong, dan Dewan Nasional, hingga pada puncaknya Presiden Sukarno mengeluarkan Dekrit Presiden 1959 yang secraa resmi mengakhiri pemberlakukan sistem parlementer dan periode Demokrasi Liberal di Indonesia.
Gastrojejunostomy as an Evolving Therapeutic Paradigm in the Management of Metastatic Pancreatic Tumors: A Comprehensive Case Review Illuminating the Strategic Role of Gastrointestinal Anastomosis
Authors:   Hospital General de Zona 1-A Dr. Rodolfo Antonio de Mucha Macías. Hospital de Especialidades Dr. Bernardo Sepúlveda Gutiérrez. Centro Médico Nacional Siglo XXI. IMSS., Mendoza Alejandro Arias , Venus Nefte López Zamora ,   Hospital General de Zona 1-A Dr. Rodolfo Antonio de Mucha Macías. Hospital de Especialidades Dr. Bernardo Sepúlveda Gutiérrez. Centro Médico Nacional Siglo XXI. IMSS., Haide Yahaira Almaguer Carranza ,   Hospital General de Zona 1-A Dr. Rodolfo Antonio de Mucha Macías. Hospital de Especialidades Dr. Bernardo Sepúlveda Gutiérrez. Centro Médico Nacional Siglo XXI. IMSS., José Andrei Coria Hernández ,   Hospital General de Zona 1-A Dr. Rodolfo Antonio de Mucha Macías. Hospital de Especialidades Dr. Bernardo Sepúlveda Gutiérrez. Centro Médico Nacional Siglo XXI. IMSS.
Published: January 2024

In the intricate landscape of metastatic pancreatic tumors, the therapeutic approach continues to evolve, with a burgeoning emphasis on innovative strategies to enhance patient outcomes. This comprehensive case review delves into the nuanced realm of gastrojejunostomy as a pivotal intervention in the management of metastatic pancreatic tumors. The case under scrutiny presents a compelling narrative of a patient grappling with the formidable challenge of pancreatic malignancy, wherein the judicious application of gastrojejunostomy emerged as a strategic maneuver to navigate the complexities of gastrointestinal obstruction. Our analysis unfolds the intricate details of the patient's clinical journey, exploring the diagnostic intricacies, treatment modalities, and the ultimate decision-making process leading to the implementation of gastrojejunostomy. The discussion encapsulates the anatomical and physiological considerations inherent to this procedure, delineating its role in mitigating symptoms, improving nutritional status, and fostering an enhanced quality of life for the afflicted individual. Furthermore, we illuminate the broader implications of gastrojejunostomy within the context of multidisciplinary care, underscoring its integration into the evolving landscape of therapeutic options for metastatic pancreatic tumors. This case review endeavors to contribute valuable insights into the clinical decision-making matrix, providing clinicians with a nuanced understanding of the role and potential benefits of gastrojejunostomy in the comprehensive management of patients with metastatic pancreatic malignancies. As the medical community continues to unravel the intricacies of gastrointestinal anastomosis, this exploration serves as a testament to the evolving armamentarium available to confront the challenges posed by metastatic pancreatic tumors, ultimately fostering a more informed and effective approach to patient care.
Leadership and the Relevance of Visionary Leadership Models for Religious Education in Indonesia
Authors:   State University of Jakarta, Indonesia, Maryati Sri , Zahrah Syarifah ,   State University of Jakarta, Indonesia, Pratama Zulfakar ,   State University of Jakarta, Indonesia, Adi Nugraha ,   State University of Jakarta, Indonesia, Reynita Stevani ,   State University of Jakarta, Indonesia, Namsa Giovanni ,   State University of Jakarta, Indonesia, Sari Eliana ,   State University of Jakarta, Indonesia
Published: January 2024

This study reviews the literature related to visionary leadership models in religious education in Indonesia, The leaders of educational institutions have a very important role in building a better future and in a directed manner because they can formulate the vision and mission of school education, so that all members including students and parents in this case can understand and commit to the goals of the educational institution. In terms of leadership, it is known that there are several leadership models, and one model that is often applied in the educational environment is the visionary leadership model, a leadership style that aims to provide direction and meaning to the work to be done by members of the organization and visionary leaders have imaginative, innovative, strategic thinking and love change.
Language Learning Strategies Used by English Second Language (ESL) Learners in Rural Primary Schools in Tenom District
Authors:   Faculty of Education Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Joachim Claressa , Shah Parilah Mohd ,   Faculty of Education Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia
Published: January 2024

Teaching of English as a second language is still a teaching dilemma for English language teachers in Malaysia. According to Feng (2023), students only learn English in the classroom and due to the lack of supervision by teachers, the knowledge they gained in the classroom was easily forgotten. One of the reasons is because the teaching techinques and methods that applied by the teachers do not support the student language learning. This is supported by a study done by Mupa and Chinooneka (2015) that found teachers do not prepare various methods had contributed to ineffective teaching and learning in schools. Therefore, the purpose of this research is to identify language learning strategies (LLS) used among Year 6 students from rural area primary schools located in Tenom, Sabah. The respondents were purposely selected to respond to the Strategy Inventory for Language Learning (SILL). The data were collected and analysed descriptively. After completion of the study, the most frequently used LLS by the Year 6 students were investigated. Besides, the least frequently used LLS were also examined. Data collected revealed that the majority of respondents preferred to use memory and compensation strategy to enhance their language learning. The study also revealed that the least preferred LLS by the respondents were metacognitive strategy and affective stategy. The findings and implications of this study may benefit ESL teachers and educators in rural areas to increase the effectiveness of their own language teachings and pedagogies.
Grammaticalization of Nazal Affixes in the Archaic Lexicon of Balinese Language: A Diachronic Study
Authors:   Faculty of Humanities, Udayana University, Paramartha Komang , Erawati Ni Ketut Ratna ,   Faculty of Humanities, Udayana University
Published: January 2024

Balinese has a communication system called Anggah-Ungguhing Basa (language levels). This language level coexists with the social stratification of society. Thus, the language activities of Balinese speakers are influenced by the social stratification of Balinese society. Social stratification and the Anggah-Ungguhing Basa system cause Balinese speakers to have various levels of language taste and variations in its use. In general, Anggah-Ungguhing Basa shows politeness in language. From linguistic studies, of course, such language signs need to be studied, especially regarding the grammatical processes of inherited elements in Balinese. The grammatical process that is the focus is the form and function of nasal affixes in the Balinese language. In this regard, it is very important to study the various grammaticalizations of the Balinese language further, so that these lexicons are appropriate to the language level in Bali. This research aims to thoroughly describe the inherited grammatical units in Modern Balinese. Normatively, these operational concepts are contained in the theory of comparative historical linguistics. Diachronically, the form of nasal affixes in Balinese can be traced. The affixes an-, am-, ang-, any- in Old Javanese are partly reflected in Old Balinese. The changes in each form are the basic morpheme to which it is attached. The basic morpheme begins with the phoneme bilabial, so the appropriate nasal affix is nasal bilabial. This process is called homorganization. In formal texts and traditional Balinese literary works, the affixes an-, am-, ang-, any- are still used. However, in Balinese Lumrah it changes to n-, m-, ny-, ng-.
Assessment of Employees’ Perception of Workplace Diversity and its Influence on Job Satisfaction: Insights from Calgary Economic Region
Authors: Sochi-Iwuoha Nkiru , Abonyi Okechukwu Sunday , Larson Deanne
Published: January 2024

Abstract

The Worlds constantly changing work environment and the continual increase of multiculturalism, diversity, and inclusion have become an important issue among Human Resources practitioners and business leaders. Few studies have focused on how an employee’s perception of diversity impinges on their job satisfaction. This study quantitatively investigated how employees perceive workplace diversity and the inherent effects of such perceptions on their job satisfaction. Survey data was collected from 430 employees in the Calgary Economic region. The results showed that age is not a significant factor in employees’ perception of workplace diversity. However, their level of job satisfaction differed significantly. The results also showed that employees’ perception of workplace diversity and job satisfaction differed significantly based on sexual orientation, level of education, and ethnic origin. On the other hand, employees’ perceptions of workplace diversity and job satisfaction did not differ significantly based on gender and marital status. The study further revealed that the perception of workplace diversity programs is positively related to job satisfaction.

Keywords: Workplace Diversity, Job Satisfaction, Motivation, Calgary Economic Region, Social Identity.