bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Inhibition of DNA methylation attenuates lung ischemia–reperfusion injury after lung transplantation
Authors: Liu Ming-yuan , Ju Ying-nan , Jia Bao-wei , Sun Xi-kun , Qiu Lin , Liu Heng-yu , Xu Guang-xiao , Tai Qi-hang , Tan Jing , Gao Wei
Published: February 2023

Objective

DNA methylation plays an important role in inflammation and oxidative stress. This study aimed to investigate the effect of inhibiting DNA methylation on lung ischemia–reperfusion injury (LIRI).

Methods

We adopted a completely random design for our study. Thirty-two rats were randomized into the sham, LIRI, azathioprine (AZA), and pluripotin (SC1) groups. The rats in the LIRI, AZA, and SC1 groups received left lung transplantation and intravenous injection of saline, AZA, and SC1, respectively. After 24 hours of reperfusion, histological injury, the arterial oxygen partial pressure to fractional inspired oxygen ratio, the wet/dry weight ratio, protein and cytokine concentrations in lung tissue, and DNA methylation in lung tissue were evaluated. The pulmonary endothelium that underwent hypoxemia and reoxygenation was treated with AZA or SC1. Endothelial apoptosis, chemokines, reactive oxygen species, nuclear factor-κB, and apoptotic proteins in the endothelium were studied.

Results

Inhibition of DNA methylation by AZA attenuated lung injury, inflammation, and the oxidative stress response, but SC1 aggravated LIRI injury. AZA significantly improved endothelial function, suppressed apoptosis and necrosis, reduced chemokines, and inhibited nuclear factor-κB.

Conclusions

Inhibition of DNA methylation ameliorates LIRI and apoptosis and improves pulmonary function via the regulation of inflammation and oxidative stress.
Improving Deep Reinforcement Learning-Based Perimeter Metering Control Methods With Domain Control Knowledge
Authors: Zhou Dongqin , Gayah Vikash V.
Published: February 2023

Perimeter metering control has long been an active research topic since well-defined relationships between network productivity and usage, that is, network macroscopic fundamental diagrams (MFDs), were shown to be capable of describing regional traffic dynamics. Numerous methods have been proposed to solve perimeter metering control problems, but these generally require knowledge of the MFDs or detailed equations that govern traffic dynamics. Recently, a study applied model-free deep reinforcement learning (Deep-RL) methods to two-region perimeter control and found comparable performances to the model predictive control scheme, particularly when uncertainty exists. However, the proposed methods therein provide very low initial performances during the learning process, which limits their applicability to real life scenarios. Furthermore, the methods may not be scalable to more complicated networks with larger state and action spaces. To combat these issues, this paper proposes to integrate the domain control knowledge (DCK) of congestion dynamics into the agent designs for improved learning and control performances. A novel agent is also developed that builds on the Bang-Bang control policy. Two types of DCK are then presented to provide knowledge-guided exploration strategies for the agents such that they can explore around the most rewarding part of the action spaces. The results from extensive numerical experiments on two- and three-region urban networks show that integrating DCK can (a) effectively improve learning and control performances for Deep-RL agents, (b) enhance the agents’ resilience against various types of environment uncertainties, and (c) mitigate the scalability issue for the agents.
Development of the Guidance on the Tightening of Large Anchor Rods of Support Structures for Sign and Luminaires
Authors: Dietrich Zachary , Phares Brent M. , Liu Zhengyu
Published: February 2023

Across the United States, various state Departments of Transportation (DOTs) are finding that the base anchor-rod nuts on critical support structures for overhead signs are coming loose. Retightening loose nuts imposes a significant drain on state DOT resources. In addition, the loosening of these nuts increases the failure risk of tall and overhanging structures. In many of the inspection engineer’s observed cases, anchor-rod nuts were loose immediately after installation. Even after tightening, it was found that anchor-rod nuts had consistently come loose just 2 years after retightening. The objective of this study was to evaluate the resistance to the loosening of anchor-rod tightening procedures proposed by Chen et al. and to develop improvements to the procedures based on stakeholder feedback. To achieve this objective, field deployment of the previously developed procedures was conducted on multiple sites. After field deployment, improvements to the Chen et al. procedure were investigated on a full-size laboratory specimen to ensure revisions did not affect connection performance. Overall, it was found that the pretension levels proposed by Chen et al. were effective, and the revised procedures only use torque, or force-controlled tightening, as opposed to displacement-controlled turn-of-nut.
Correlation between trans-perineal ultra-sonography, urodynamic study and physical examination findings in female patients with stress urinary incontinence: Single center experience
Authors: Mahmoudnejad Nastaran , Abrishami Alireza , Sharifiaghdas Farzaneh , Guitynavard Fateme , Zadmehr Alireza , Ansari Roya , Borumandnia Nasrin
Published: February 2023

Background:

To evaluate the efficacy of Trans-perineal ultrasonography (TPUS) in assessment of stress urinary incontinence (SUI) and its correlation with urodynamic study (UDS) and physical examination in women with SUI.

Methods:

The study enrolled a total of 91 females including 66 women with SUI and 25 women with no history of urinary incontinence as control group. The α and β angles (anterior urethral and posterior urethro-vesical angle respectively) were recorded both at rest and at straining, using TPUS. The differences between these angles at rest and during the straining were considered as the rotational angles (Rα and Rβ). Urethral length and caliber, bladder neck funneling, and pubo-urethral distance were measured as well.

Results:

The mean (SD) α angle at rest of the SUI group was 49.0 (±14.3)°, which was higher than the same parameter in the control group: 47.6 (±9.7)°. Similarly, the α angle at straining was significantly higher in the SUI group versus the control group, 61.0 (±15.4)° versus 55.8 (±15.8)°. The mean (SD) β angle in the SUI group at rest was 124.6 (±28.5)°, which was significantly higher than that of the control group at 114.0 (±22.5)°. The mean (SD) β angle at straining was also higher in the SUI group versus the control group: 151.8 (±90.6) versus 136.0 (±27)°. Moreover, higher Rα and Rβ angels were documented in the SUI group.

Conclusion:

Our data suggest that TPUS can be considered as a non-invasive, easily conducted, and accurate modality in early diagnosis of female SUI. It may reduce the need for performing relatively invasive UDS. However, the role of TPUS in assessment of SUI severity remains to be studied probably with a larger sample size.
Thulium laser enucleation of bladder tumour (Thulebt): Changing paradigm in the management of nonmuscle invasive urinary bladder carcinoma
Authors: Choudhury Sunirmal , Kamble Vaibhav , Jana Debarshi , Pal Dilip Kumar
Published: February 2023

Objectives:

To analyse the safety and eﬃcacy of Thulium laser en bloc enucleation of bladder tumour (ThuLEBT) in comparison to transurethral resection of bladder tumour (TURBT) for treatment of non-muscle invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC).

Methods:

Prospective observational study involving 30 patients in each group of ThuLEBT and TURBT admitted in tertiary care centre from 1st January 2021 to December 2021.

Results:

Signiﬁcant difference was found in terms of less operative time ( p-0.01468), less intraoperative blood loss, a lower incidence of obturator nerve reﬂex ( p-0.00006), bladder perforation ( p-0.0455) and bladder irrigation ( p-0.0027), better acquisition of detrusor muscle ( p-0.0466), less recurrence rate ( p-0.0455) in favour of ThuLEBT over TURBT group. The analysis also demonstrated faster postoperative recovery in terms of the duration of catheterisation, bladder irrigation and hospitalisation time in ThuLEBT group.

Conclusions:

ThuLEBT is an eﬃcient and safe treatment for non-muscle invasive bladder cancer and it can be a better alternative choice in place of TURBT.
Trauma and loss in the Adult Attachment Interview: Situating the unresolved state of mind classification in disciplinary and social context
Authors: Bakkum Lianne , Schuengel Carlo , Foster Sarah L. , Fearon R. M. Pasco , Duschinsky Robbie
Published: February 2023

This article examines how ‘trauma’ has been conceptualised in the unresolved state of mind classification in the Adult Attachment Interview, introduced by Main and Hesse in 1990. The unresolved state of mind construct has been influential for three decades of research in developmental psychology. However, not much is known about how this measure of unresolved trauma was developed, and how it relates to other conceptualisations of trauma. We draw on previously unavailable manuscripts from Main and Hesse's personal archive, including various editions of unpublished coding manuals, and on Main–Bowlby correspondence from the John Bowlby Archive at the Wellcome Trust in London. This article traces the emergence of the unresolved state of mind classification, and examines the assumptions about trauma embedded in the construct. These assumptions are situated both in the immediate context of the work of Main and Hesse and in terms of wider discourses about trauma in the period. Our analysis considers how a particular form of trauma discourse entered into attachment research, and in doing so partly lost contact with wider disciplinary study of trauma.
A new hybrid meta-heuristic optimization method for predicting UTS for FSW of Al/Cu dissimilar materials
Authors: Guvenc Mehmet Ali , Eren Berkay , Basar Gokhan , Mistikoglu Selcuk
Published: February 2023

Joining of aluminum (Al) and copper (Cu) materials used in aerospace, automotive, chemistry, nuclear, electrical-electronic and energy sector with traditional fusion welding methods has some negative consequences. One of the major negativities is the serious decrease in the mechanical properties of the materials as a result of the high temperature that occurs during welding. Therefore, Friction Stir Welding (FSW) is of great importance in joining materials which are dissimilar and have low melting temperatures. In this study, a hybrid artificial neural network (ANN) model has been developed to predict the relationship between FSW parameters and ultimate tensile strength and to increase the prediction performance of ANN using heuristic algorithms by welding Al and Cu plates with FSW. The used hybrid approach consists of ANN and Particle Swarm Optimization/Teaching Learning Based Optimization techniques. The welding applications conducted with three different welding parameters. These parameters, rotation speed (525, 1025, 1525 rpm), welding speed (50, 75, 100 mm/min) and tool offset (0–0.75–1.5 mm) were determined as input parameters of the developed ANN model. Tensile and microhardness tests were applied to determine the mechanical properties in the experimental studies after welding process. In addition, Scanning Electron Microscope analysis and X-ray diffraction were used for microstructure and characterization of the fracture surface and the results obtained were interpreted and examined.
‘Du Crésoxipropanédiol en capsule’. Jean Yanne's musical satire: ‘Interdit d’interdire’ or ‘chanter juste et penser faux’?
Authors: Dauncey Hugh
Published: February 2023

The satirical songs of Jean Yanne (1933–2003) are a little-studied aspect of the work of this French singer-songwriter, comedian, actor and film director. Composed and performed in the late-1950s and mid-1960s Yanne's satirical music, like his radio and television comedy sketches, spoke to tensions in French politics and society during a period of rapid socioeconomic and sociocultural modernisation. Yanne's idiosyncratically derisive humour was controversial, dividing audiences and critics into those who saw the comedy and others suspecting him of right-wing anarchist nihilism. Analysis of his songs’ themes, lyrics and music shows how Yanne's musical satire continued and developed existing trends in humour and musical comedy, and discussion of how he was critiqued as ‘poujadist’ enables fuller understanding of the complexity of his oeuvre and its reception. Criticism of Yanne as poujadist aims to invalidate his satire, but ‘getting the joke’ equates, ultimately, to seeing his humour as freedom of speech.
Amelioration of AlCl3-induced Memory Loss in the Rats by an Aqueous Extract of Guduchi, a Medhya Rasayana
Authors: Jamadagni Shrirang B. , Ghadge Pooja M. , Tambe Mukul S. , Srinivasan Marimuthu , Prasad Goli Penchala , Jamadagni Pallavi S. , Prasad Shyam Baboo , Pawar Sharad D. , Gurav Arun M. , Gaidhani Sudesh N. , Kumar Y. R. Sanjay , Srikanth Narayanam
Published: February 2023

Background

In ayurvedic practice, the Guduchi ( Tinospora cordifolia (Willd.) Miers) stem is used as a Medhya drug for its beneficial effects on memory improvement.

Objectives

The current study was planned to explore the Medhya properties of the Guduchi stem extract by observing its ameliorating effect on AlCl3-induced neurotoxicity in rats that acted as a chronic model of memory loss.

Materials and Methods

The aqueous extract of the Guduchi stem was prepared per the Ayurvedic Pharmacopoeia of India and administered to the AlCl3-treated Wistar rats for 42 days. The biochemical assessment of the brain tissues of the treated animals was done by the acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibition assay, protein expression, and oxidative stress assays, namely lipid peroxidation, reduced glutathione, superoxide dismutase, and catalase assay. The neurobehavioral assessment was done using the elevated plus maze (EPM) test.

Results

The EPM test revealed that treatment with Guduchi extract showed marked improvement of memory status in rats along with reduced oxidative stress, and a marked modulation of the AChE inhibition and expression of AChE tubulin proteins.

Conclusion

The results substantiate the Medhya properties of the Guduchi. Detailed investigations are required to be carried out to explore the precise mechanism of the neuroprotective action of the Guduchi stem extract against the AlCl3-induced neurotoxicity in rats.
Towards a Model of (Insider) Witness Assessments in International Crime Cases: An Experimental Vignette Study
Authors: Chlevickaitė Gabrielė
Published: February 2023

Trials of international crimes frequently rely on a complex type of witnesses: insiders or accomplices. While harnessing essential knowledge, insiders pose serious challenges to the decision-makers assessing their credibility. Prior research suggests that judges dismiss a sizeable proportion of insider testimony during trials of international crimes. While some reasons might lie with the witnesses, a closer look at the professional practices is warranted. This study aimed to examine the process of insider witness statement assessments by international criminal justice professionals and to analyze how they resolve the tension between the concerns about witness truthfulness and the quality of the testimony. One hundred sixty practitioners took part in an experimental vignette survey. Results of qualitative analyses demonstrate that the assessments of the witness and the statement contents are interrelated: across all experimental conditions, respondents drew inferences about the quality of the testimony based on their assessment of the witness and vice versa. Furthermore, the same indicators were given various, at times contradictory, meanings, highlighting individual differences in professional practice and the noise in decision-making.
Unbalanced vibration control of active magnetic bearing using an active disturbance rejection notch decoupling technique
Authors: Li Binglin
Published: February 2023

Aiming at the position coupling, gyroscopic effect, and synchronized vibration caused by the unbalance mass in the magnetic bearing rotor, a linear active disturbance rejection notch decoupling control method is proposed. Firstly, a model with coupling and unbalanced vibration of the system was established. The terms of position coupling, gyroscopic effect, and unbalanced vibration in the system are estimated by Extended State Observer and the estimator is treated as the system disturbance to be compensated, then the radially existing coupled and unbalanced vibration systems are decoupled into four independent second-order series-integrated subsystems. The nonlinear state error feedback control law is designed to implement the decoupling control of each subsystem. For the problem of unbalanced vibration of the rotor after decoupling, the suppression method of the dynamic unbalanced force of the same frequency notch filter is designed, and then the closed-loop feedback structure of the new method is deduced, and its frequency characteristics are analyzed. Then the rules and principles of controller parameter selection are summarized using Bode diagram. The simulation results show that the designed linear active disturbance rejection notch decoupling controller not only achieves the decoupling control of the respective degrees of the magnetic bearing rotor but also suppresses the unbalanced vibration of the rotor. At the same time, it solves the influence of the gyroscopic effect on the control under the high-speed running of the magnetic bearing rotor.
In Silico Characterization of the Physicochemical and Biological Properties of the Pink (Pleurotus djamor var. salmoneostramineus) Oyster Mushroom Chromoprotein
Authors: Valdez-Solana Mónica A , Ventura-García Erica K , Corral-Guerrero Iván A , Guzmán de Casa Atahualpa , Avitia-Domínguez Claudia , Téllez-Valencia Alfredo , Sierra-Campos Erick
Published: February 2023

Cap color is an important commercial trait for oyster mushrooms. Various pigment constituents determine a diverse color. However, the pigments of oyster mushrooms are still ambiguous. The pink oyster mushroom ( Pleurotus salmoneostramineus or Pleurotus djamor) chromoprotein is one of the few proteins belonging to this fungus that has a record of its sequence of amino acid residues. However, even though there are studies about this chromoprotein isolation, purification, and crystallization, the current information focused on its 3-dimensional model and the cofactor and prosthetic group (3H-indol-3-one) binding sites is unreliable and fragmented. Therefore, in this study, using free online servers such as Prot pi, GalaxyWEB, MIB, and CB-Dock2, a structural analysis and the prediction of its physicochemical and biological properties were conducted, to understand the possible function of this chromoprotein. The obtained results showed that this molecule is a protein with a molecular weight of 23 712.5 Da, an isoelectric point of 7.505, with oligomerization capacity in a dimer and glycation in the Ser6 residue. In addition, the participation of the residues Leu5, Leu8, Lys211, Ala214, and Gln215 in the binding of the prosthetic group to the protein was highlighted; as well as Ser6 and Pro7 are important residues for the interaction of the Mg2+ ion and eumelanin. Likewise, morphological changes based on different culture conditions (light/dark) showed that this protein is constitutive expressed and independent of blue light. The findings in this study demonstrate that pink chromoprotein is a melanosomal protein, and it possibly has a critical role in melanogenesis and the melanin polymerization. However, more experimental studies are needed to predict a possible mechanism of action and type of enzymatic activity.
Modulation of Indoleamine 2,3-Dioxygenase 1 During Inflammatory Bowel Disease Activity in Humans and Mice
Authors: Proietti Elisa , Pauwels Renske W.M. , de Vries Annemarie C. , Orecchini Elena , Volpi Claudia , Orabona Ciriana , Peppelenbosch Maikel P. , Fuhler Gwenny M. , Mondanelli Giada
Published: February 2023

Background and Aims:

Indoleamine 2,3 dioxygenase-1 (IDO1), a key enzyme in tryptophan metabolism, is strongly up-regulated both in human inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and animal models of colitis, however its role in the pathogenesis is still controversial. In this study, we investigated IDO1 expression and activity in a mouse model of DSS-induced chronic colitis as well as in colon biopsies and sera from IBD patients.

Methods:

Chronic colitis was induced in mice through the oral administration of dextran sodium sulfate (DSS), and IDO1 activity was induced by i.p. treatment with N-acetyl serotonin (NAS). IDO1 expression and catalytic activity (measured as Kyn/Trp ratio) was evaluated in sera and tissue samples collected from mice and 93 IBD patients under immunotherapy with Vedolizumab (VDZ) or Ustekinumab (UST).

Results:

Strong up-regulation of IDO1 was found in colons of mice with acute colitis, which follows disease activity. Enhanced IDO1 activity by NAS treatment protects the intestinal mucosa during the recovery phase of chronic colitis. In IBD patients, IDO1 expression and activity correlate with the severity of mucosal inflammation with inflamed regions showing higher IDO1 expression compared to non-inflamed regions within the same patient. Endoscopic response to VDZ/UST treatment is associated with decreased expression of IDO1.

Conclusions:

This is the first study demonstrating immunomodulatory activity of IDO1 in a chronic mouse model of DSS-induced colitis. As its expression and catalytic activity correlate with the grade of mucosal inflammation and treatment response, IDO1 could represent a promising biomarker for disease severity and treatment monitoring in IBD.
Endothelial Indoleamine-2,3-Dioxygenase-1 is not Critically Involved in Regulating Antitumor Immunity in the Central Nervous System
Authors: Abu Hejleh AP , Huck K , Jähne K , Tan CL , Lanz TV , Epping L , Sonner JK , Meuth SG , Henneberg A , Opitz CA , Herold-Mende C , Sahm F , Platten M , Sahm K
Published: February 2023

The vascular niche of malignant gliomas is a key compartment that shapes the immunosuppressive brain tumor microenvironment (TME). The blood-brain-barrier (BBB) consisting of specialized endothelial cells (ECs) and perivascular cells forms a tight anatomical and functional barrier critically controlling transmigration and effector function of immune cells. During neuroinflammation and tumor progression, the metabolism of the essential amino acid tryptophan (Trp) to metabolites such as kynurenine has long been identified as an important metabolic pathway suppressing immune responses. Previous studies have demonstrated that indoleamine-2,3-dioxygenase-1 (IDO1), a key rate-limiting enzyme in tryptophan catabolism, is expressed within the TME of high-grade gliomas. Here, we investigate the role of endothelial IDO1 (eIDO1) expression for brain tumor immunity. Single-cell RNA sequencing data revealed that in human glioma tissue, IDO1 is predominantly expressed by activated ECs showing a JAK/STAT signaling pathway-related CXCL11+ gene expression signature. In a syngeneic experimental glioma model, eIDO1 is induced by low-dose tumor irradiation. However, cell type-specific ablation of eIDO1 in experimental gliomas did not alter frequency and phenotype of tumor-infiltrating T cells nor tumor growth. Taken together these data argue against a dominant role of eIDO1 for brain tumor immunity.
Connections, Community, Coconuts: Exploring the History of Regional Community Radio
Authors: Backhaus Bridget
Published: February 2023

Regional community radio enriches and diversifies local media landscapes in Australia. It is also a space where communities isolated from mainstream processes of media production can actively participate and, subsequently, ‘see’ themselves reflected in their own media. While the importance of regional community radio generally is well-established, less explored is the history of regional stations. Most historical research on Australian community radio focusses on urban stations while regional and rural stations, which form the majority of the sector, are distinctly underrepresented. Exploring the history of regional community radio stations reveals the relationship between stations and how regional communities choose to represent themselves and construct their own mediatised identity. This article details the findings of a case study focussed on North Queensland station Triple T. One of the oldest regional community radio stations in Queensland, the history of Triple T offers rich insight into the mediatised identity of regional communities.
Rare and low-frequency coding genetic variants contribute to pediatric-onset multiple sclerosis
Authors: Horton Mary K , Shim Joan E , Wallace Amelia , Graves Jennifer S , Aaen Gregory , Greenberg Benjamin , Mar Soe , Wheeler Yolanda , Weinstock-Guttman Bianca , Waldman Amy , Schreiner Teri , Rodriguez Moses , Tillema Jan-Mendelt , Chitnis Tanuja , Krupp Lauren , Casper T Charles , Rensel Mary , Hart Janace , Quach Hong L , Quach Diana L , Schaefer Catherine , Waubant Emmanuelle , Barcellos Lisa F
Published: February 2023

Background:

Rare genetic variants are emerging as important contributors to the heritability of multiple sclerosis (MS). Whether rare variants also contribute to pediatric-onset multiple sclerosis (POMS) is unknown.

Objective:

To test whether genes harboring rare variants associated with adult-onset MS risk ( PRF1, PRKRA, NLRP8, and HDAC7) and 52 major histocompatibility complex (MHC) genes are associated with POMS.

Methods:

We analyzed DNA samples from 330 POMS cases and 306 controls from the US Network of Pediatric MS Centers and Kaiser Permanente Northern California for which Illumina ExomeChip genotypes were available. Using the gene-based method “SKAT-O,” we tested the association between candidate genes and POMS risk.

Results:

After correction for multiple comparisons, one adult-onset MS gene ( PRF1, p = 2.70 × 10−3) and two MHC genes ( BRD2, p = 5.89 × 10−5 and AGER, p = 7.96 × 10−5) were significantly associated with POMS. Results suggest these are independent of HLA-DRB1*1501.

Conclusion:

Findings support a role for rare coding variants in POMS susceptibility. In particular, rare minor alleles within PRF1 were more common among individuals with POMS compared to controls while the opposite was true for rare variants within significant MHC genes, BRD2 and AGER. These genes would not have been identified by common variant studies, emphasizing the merits of investigating rare genetic variation in complex diseases.
A cost minimization analysis comparing asynchronous tele-expertise with face-to-face consultation for prenatal diagnosis in France
Authors: Beldjerd M'hamed , Quarello Edwin , Lafouge Antoine , Giorgi Roch , Le Corroller Soriano Anne-Gaëlle
Published: February 2023

Timely detection of congenital anomalies using ultrasound improves neonatal care. As specialist sonographers are often geographically dispersed, they are sometimes requested to provide a second opinion via tele-expertise. The present study aimed to evaluate the economic impact of asynchronous tele-expertise in obstetric ultrasound care in private medical practice through a comparison with face-to-face consultations. We conducted a cost minimization analysis using decision tree modeling in order to determine whether asynchronous tele-expertise or face-to-face consultation had the lowest cost, under the assumption of equivalent effectiveness in terms of prenatal diagnosis. Costs were measured from the societal perspective. The data for the base case of our modeling came from a retrospective analysis of the clinical practice of an expert who had been conducting asynchronous tele-expertise for 4 years in France. The study included 260 patients for whom 322 requests for expert opinions were made by physicians/midwives from January 2016 to January 2020. The expected average total cost for tele-expertise for a patient was €74.45 (95% CI: €66.36–€82.54) compared to €195.02 (95% CI: €183.90–€206.14) for the conventional face-to-face strategy. Accordingly, using tele-expertise led to a statistically significant reduction of €120.57 in the average total cost per patient. A sensitivity analysis confirmed the robustness of the model produced. The results of the present study underline the efficiency of tele-expertise and highlight related economic benefits. Accordingly, they could inform public health policy on the dissemination of tele-expertise in the field of obstetric ultrasound care.
Predicting future sleep problems in young autistic children
Authors: Shui Amy M , Lampinen Linnea A , Richdale Amanda , Katz Terry
Published: February 2023

Sleep problems are common in autistic children and adversely impact daytime functioning. Knowledge of predictive factors could help with treatment and prevention of these problems. This study aimed to determine predictors of sleep problems among young autistic children. Study cohorts consisted of autistic children aged 2–5 years who did not have sleep problems at a first visit and had sleep measure data available at a subsequent visit. Sleep problems for five study cohorts were defined by different methods: Children’s Sleep Habits Questionnaire with two cutoff scores (41 and 48; cohort n = 101 and 204, respectively), Children’s Sleep Habits Questionnaire–autism derived cutoff score (35; n = 188), and parent- (n = 205) or clinician- (n = 252) report. Separate predictive models of sleep problems were developed in each cohort using multivariable logistic regression with final model predictors determined by backward elimination selection. Model performance was evaluated. Two of the five models had both adequate discrimination and calibration performance predicting (1) Children’s Sleep Habits Questionnaire score ⩾ 48 and (2) Children’s Sleep Habits Questionnaire–autism score ⩾ 35. In both models, self-injurious behavior, sensory issues, dental problems, and lower primary caregiver education level were significant risk factors of future sleep problems. These predictors may be useful in helping clinicians provide prevention strategies or early intervention for children who are at a higher risk of developing sleep problems.

Lay abstract

Sleep problems are common in autistic children and negatively impact daytime functioning. A method for predicting sleep problems could help with treatment and prevention of such problems. This study aimed to determine predictors of sleep problems among young autistic children. Study participants consisted of autistic children aged 2–5 years who did not have sleep problems at a first visit (Autism Treatment Network Registry) and had sleep data available at a subsequent visit (Registry Call-Back Assessment study). Sleep problems for five study cohorts of children were defined by different methods, including parent questionnaires and parent- or clinician-report of sleep problems. We found that self-injurious behavior, sensory issues, dental problems, and lower primary caregiver education level were significant risk factors of future sleep problems. These predictors may help clinicians provide prevention or earlier treatment for children who are at risk of developing sleep problems.
Potential for intestinal transplantation after acute mesenteric ischemia in patients aged less than 70 years: A population-based study
Authors: Lemma Aurora , Pikkarainen Sampsa , Pohju Anne , Tolonen Matti , Mentula Panu , Vikatmaa Pirkka , Leppäniemi Ari , Mäkisalo Heikki , Sallinen Ville
Published: February 2023

Background and objective:

Acute mesenteric ischemia (AMI) has a high mortality rate due to the development of bowel necrosis. Patients are often ruled outside active care if a large proportion of small bowel is necrotic. With the development of treatment for short bowel syndrome (SBS) and intestinal transplantation methods, long-term survival is possible even after extensive small bowel resections. This study aims to assess the incidence of SBS and potentially suitable candidates for intestinal transplantation among patients treated for AMI.

Methods:

This population-based retrospective study comprised patients aged less than 70 years and diagnosed with AMI between January 2006 and October 2020 in Helsinki and Uusimaa health care district, Finland.

Results:

Altogether, AMI was diagnosed in 711 patients, of whom 133 (19%) were aged below 70. An intervention was performed in 110 (83%) patients. Of these 133 patients, 16 (12%) were ruled outside active treatment due to extensive small bowel necrosis at exploratory laparotomy, of whom 6 (5%) were potentially suitable for intestinal transplantation. Two patients were considered as potential candidates for intestinal transplantation at bowel resection but died of AMI. Nine (7%) patients needed parenteral nutrition after resection, and two of them (2%) developed SBS. Only one patient needed long-term parenteral nutrition after hospital discharge. This patient remained dependent on parenteral nutrition but died before evaluation of intestinal transplantation could be carried out while the other patient was able to return to enteral nutrition.

Conclusions:

A small number of patients with AMI below 70 years of age are potentially eligible for intestinal transplantation.
Radio frequency ablation of dysplastic Barrett’s esophagus: Outcomes of a single-center registry
Authors: Mathiesen Molly , Holm Jakob , Thorsteinsson Morten
Published: February 2023

Background and objective:

Barrett’s esophagus (BE) is associated with an increased risk of esophageal adenocarcinoma. The use of radio frequency ablation (RFA) for complete eradication of BE with confirmed low-grade dysplasia (LGD) or high-grade dysplasia (HGD) has been promising in multicenter trials. Our aim was to evaluate the safety and efficacy outcomes associated with RFA for patients with BE and LGD/HGD in a single-center setting.

Methods:

This was a retrospective single-center study conducted at Department of Surgery and Transplantation, Rigshospitalet, Denmark. Data were collected from all patients who had undergone RFA for LGD or HGD from January 2014 to December 2018. Effectiveness outcomes were based on histology: complete eradication of dysplasia (CE-D), defined as all esophageal biopsies being negative for dysplasia at the last biopsy session, and complete eradication of intestinal metaplasia (CE-IM) defined as esophageal biopsies being without intestinal metaplasia. Safety outcomes were based on the proportion of complications to the RFA treatment.

Results:

A total of 107 patients were identified during the follow-up period (75% men, median age = 65 years); 83% had LGD and 17% had HGD. The median follow-up was 25 months. After the last RFA treatment, CE-D was achieved in 89%. CE-D and CE-IM were achieved in 60%. Complications occurred in 6.5% of the patients.

Conclusions:

In patients with BE and confirmed LGD or HGD, RFA was associated with a high rate of CE-D and a low risk of complications. The observed safety and efficacy outcomes were comparable with those previously reported in multicenter trials, showing that the Danish treatment of BE with LGD and HGD is comparable with those of larger European expert centers.
The Book of Jonah in Recent Research
Authors: Tillema Aron
Published: February 2023

In this article, I identify where contemporary scholarship on Jonah continues to ask enduring questions of any biblical text like dating, structure, and message. I also outline how scholars have brought contemporary approaches to the book. Finally, I suggest some points of divergence between scholarship in the late 20th and early 21st centuries and consider how recent scholarship has treated past contributions. This survey shows that scholarship continues to grapple with questions that have long pervaded Jonah’s interpretive history. At the same time, contemporary approaches bring exciting possibilities to a book that has often resisted a monologic interpretation.
Lessons on the Road to Emmaus: Intertextual Connections between Luke-Acts and Israel’s Scriptures
Authors: Metcalf Reed
Published: February 2023

This article surveys scholarly work on intertextual connections between Luke-Acts and Israel’s Scriptures, focusing on those works that interpret the literary and theological payoff of quotations, allusions, and echoes in Luke’s Doppelwerk. After reviewing major contributors to NT intertextuality generally, this survey focuses on those works that narrow in on Luke-Acts, organized into two groups: eclectic works, that study Luke’s allusion to many sources; and narrow-focused works, that study Luke’s allusions to one book (e.g., Isaiah) or one corpus (e.g., Psalms). This organization and a concluding summary will help scholars see what remains to be explored in Lukan intertextuality.
Review on the design and application of concrete canvas reinforced with spacer fabric
Authors: Liu Shuai , Ma Xiaotao , Ma Yuntong , Chen Zijie , Dong Zhijia , Ma Pibo
Published: February 2023

Concrete canvas reinforced with spacer fabric has increasingly gained popularity due to its lightweight, great flexibility, high strength and low contamination compared to ordinary concrete. In order to fully explore the structure and performance of this novel composite, this review illustrates how to design high-performance concrete canvas and presents a summary of recent application status of it. Firstly, the structure and properties of knitted and woven spacer fabric and concrete material that comprise concrete canvas is introduced. Secondly, internal and external mechanisms affecting the properties of concrete canvas have been described. To illustrate how to evaluate and test the mechanical behavior of concrete canvas, typical mechanical experiments such as tensile and flexural experiment and failure mechanisms are explained. In terms of the characteristics of concrete canvas, the present article reviews current applications of it in disaster relief tent, slope protection, ditch lining and furniture design areas. Nevertheless, its practical applications are still in the preliminary stage, it is of great necessity to expand its application from the point of view of replacing traditional materials, changing structural design, external reinforcement and perfecting performance evaluation system.
Failure assessment and life calculation of welded joints based on parameter table optimization algorithm
Authors: Wang Qiushi , Wang Yuedong , Wei Zhuang
Published: February 2023

In order to reduce the potential safety hazards in the operation of rail vehicles, a new parameter table optimization algorithm based on the particle swarm optimization algorithm is proposed to carry on the failure assessment and fatigue life calculation of welded joints. This algorithm reduces the number of iterations by adding connection pools to connect the parameter selection database. In addition, based on this algorithm, combined with Python language and BS7910 standard, a calculation program for failure assessment and fatigue crack growth life is written. The algorithm program is validated by taking the commonly used T-type, butt, and lap joints as examples. In terms of failure assessment, the calculation results of the algorithm program are securer and more conservative, and the safety accuracy of the algorithm program is improved by 8%–12%. In terms of fatigue crack growth life, the error between the calculated value of the algorithm program and the test data is within the engineering allowable range. At the same time, the algorithm program can give the evaluation calculation results more intuitively and quickly, which provides a reference for the failure assessment and life calculation of the welded structure.
Travelling and multiscaler memory: Remembering East Timor’s Santa Cruz massacre from the transnational to the intimate
Authors: Kent Lia
Published: February 2023

This article tracks the memory of East Timor’s Santa Cruz massacre across time and space, attending to the multiple scales at which it is imbued with meaning. While footage of the massacre initially had a strong impact in the west, helping to mobilise new audiences and spark a new wave of international solidarity for East Timor’s independence, the memory of Santa Cruz has now come ‘home’, increasingly solidifying as a foundational narrative of the Timor-Leste state. Ethnographic attention to the intimate scale, including the home and the neighbourhood, reveals, however, that Santa Cruz exceeds its ‘national’ meanings. In these spaces the families and friends of the dead communicate with, and care for, them, and the spirits of those whose bodies have not been recovered activate a questioning of continuous losses and absences. The case study demonstrates that an analysis of ‘travelling’ memory through a multiscaler lens can provide a fuller picture of its social and political import. It also shows how ethnographic methods can generate rich insights into the intersections between the transnational, national and intimate and shed light on the affective power of lived, embodied memory.
Non-hormonal treatments of menopausal symptoms
Authors: Jan Rehana , Rosie Angus
Published: February 2023

Menopause is a natural ageing process that affects all women. It is caused by the gradual reduction in ovarian follicular function, leading to a reduction in oestrogen production. Menopause can have a variety of direct symptomatic effects – with many women affected by vasomotor (hot flushes and sweats), cardiovascular, musculoskeletal, urogenital and psychological symptoms. It is important to recognise that despite it being a natural process, menopausal symptoms can significantly affect quality of life, often co-existing with career or caring responsibilities, for example, senior roles at work or teenage children and ageing parents. The goal of this review is to aid clinicians in providing care for patients with these problems and unable to, or choosing not to, undergo hormone replacement therapy.
Use of imaging modalities for decision-making in inflammatory bowel disease
Authors: Nancey Stéphane , Fumery Mathurin , Faure Mathias , Boschetti Gilles , Gay Claire , Milot Laurent , Roblin Xavier
Published: February 2023

Cross-sectional magnetic resonance enterography (MRE) and intestinal ultrasonography (IUS) provide valuable and noninvasive information to accurately assess disease activity, severity, and extent; detect complications; and monitor the response to treatment, as well as predict the postoperative recurrence of Crohn’s disease and a negative disease course. Therefore, both imaging modalities are emerging as pivotal diagnostic tools to achieve the emerging therapeutic target of transmural healing associated with better disease outcomes. Despite its numerous potential advantages over endoscopy and even MRE and its good availability, IUS is still widely underused to monitor and manage inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) patients and help in making clinical decisions in routine practice. This situation is clearly due to the absence of validated, reliable, and responsive indices, as well as the lack of trained gastroenterologists and radiologists, as IUS is a component of radiologist expertise in several countries but not yet integrated into the training program of gastroenterologists. However, there is an increasing body of evidence in the literature that IUS and MRE are both becoming essential imaging resources to help clinicians in making reliable decisions. Here, we discuss the up-to-date evidence about the usefulness and performance of cross-sectional imaging, focusing on the ability of bowel US and MRE to aid clinical decision-making for the optimal management and monitoring of IBD.
HPV Infection and Vaccination: A Question and Answer Guide for School Nurses
Authors: Robinson Michael S. , England Mendi , Luthy Karlen E. , Peterson Neil E.
Published: February 2023

School nurses frequently interact with school-age children and their parents/guardians regarding vaccinations. As a trusted source of information, the school nurse is in a unique position to share vaccine information with parents/guardians and school-age children that may dispel myths and, consequently, improve vaccination rates. Nevertheless, some parents/guardians are still reluctant to vaccinate their school-age children against Human Papilloma Virus (HPV) for a variety of reasons. Common barriers to HPV vaccination include a lack of understanding of the vaccine’s purpose, concerns regarding the vaccine’s safety, and insufficient recommendation from healthcare workers. However, school nurses have many duties in addition to ensuring vaccine compliance. School nurses may have difficulty remaining up-to-date on evidence-based answers to parents’/guardians’ questions about HPV vaccine. Therefore, the purpose of this article is to provide school nurses with a quick reference question and answer guide to parents’/guardians’ common HPV-related vaccination questions.
Management of Frontal Sinus Fractures at a Level 1 Trauma Center: Retrospective Study and Review of the Literature
Authors: Oslin Kimberly , Shikara Meryam , Yoon Joshua , Pope Pharibe , Bridgham Kelly , Waghmarae Suneet , Hebert Andrea , Liang Fan , Vakharia Kalpesh , Justicz Natalie
Published: February 2023

Study Design

Case series.

Objective

This retrospective review of frontal sinus fractures aims to describe our current experience managing these fractures at an urban level I trauma center.

Methods

An institutional database of 2081 patients who presented with maxillofacial fractures on computed tomography face/sinus in 2019 was queried for all patients with traumatic frontal sinus fractures. Demographics, trauma-related history, management approach, and follow-up data were collected and analyzed.

Results

Sixty-three (7.3%) patients had at least one fracture involving the frontal sinus. The most common etiologies were assaults, falls, and motor vehicle accidents. Surgical repair was performed in 26.8% of patients with frontal sinus fractures, and the other 73.2% were observed. Fractures that were displaced, comminuted, obstructive of the frontal sinus outflow tract, or associated with a dural tear or cerebrospinal fluid leak were more likely to be operative.

Conclusions

The majority of frontal sinus fractures in this study were treated with observation. Despite advances in transnasal endoscopic approaches, many surgeons still rely on open approaches to repair frontal sinus fractures.
“Thinking about drinking tea but not drinking tea”: Pre-service English teacher education during the COVID-19 pandemic in Turkish EFL context
Authors: Atmaca Çağla
Published: February 2023

This phenomenological research aimed to investigate the reflections of 34 pre-service English teachers and 31 lecturers on distance education during the COVID-19 pandemic in Turkey. An online interview form was employed as data collection tool. The participants were sent the online form to collect their reflections on their online learning/teaching experiences during the pandemic. These reflections were analysed using phenomenological research steps. At the end of the analyses, distance education was found to be useful for improving the participants’ technological literacy skills and delivering theoretical courses. However, it was found to be inappropriate for practical courses such as teaching practicum and community service practices. Furthermore, the participants used various metaphors to define their online teaching/learning experiences like emergency exit, one-sided mirror, frozen lake, growing in a cage, driving a car, and sky. The participants mostly did not receive any training before using the online platform. In light of the findings, it can be claimed that necessary arrangements should be made to improve the quality of online learning platforms and both pre-service English teachers and their lecturers should receive training to benefit from distance education more effectively. In this way, pre-service English teachers can be better prepared for their future teaching in case of distance education.