bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Precision of computed tomography and cartilage-reproducing image reconstruction method in generating digital model for potential use in 3D printing of patient-specific radial head prosthesis: a human cadaver study
Authors: Luenam Suriya , Bantuchai Theeraset , Kosiyatrakul Arkaphat , Chanpoo Malee , Phakdeewisetkul Kantapat , Puncreobutr Chedtha
Published: January 2021

Background

A prosthetic replacement is a standard treatment for an irreparable radial head fracture; however, the surface mismatch of the commercially available designs is concerned for the long-term cartilage wear. The patient-specific implant created from 3D printing technology could be favorable in replicating the normal anatomy and possibly reduce such sequela. Our study aimed to assess the precision of the computed tomography (CT) and cartilage-reproducing image reconstruction method (CIRM) in generating digital models for potentially use in manufacturing the patient-specific prosthesis from 3D printing.

Methods

Eight intact  elbows (3 right and 5 left) from 7 formalin-embalmed cadavers (4 males and 3 females) with mean age of 83 years (range, 79–94 years) were used for this study. Computerized 3D models were generated from CT, and CIRM. The cartilage-reproducing image reconstruction method has compensated the cartilage profile based on the distance between the subchondral surfaces of the radial head and surrounding bones in CT images. The models of actual radial head geometry used as the gold standard was generated from CT arthrography (CTA). All models of each specimen were matched by registering the surface area of radial neck along with the tuberosity. The difference of head diameter, head thickness, and articular disc depth among three models was evaluated and analyzed by Friedman ANOVA and multiple comparison test using Bonferroni method for statistical correction. A p-value of less than 0.01 was considered statistically  significant. The difference of overall 3D geometry was measured with the root mean square of adjacent point pairs.

Results

The analysis displayed the difference of diameter, thickness, and disc depth across the models (p< 0.01). Pairwise comparisons revealed statistically significant difference of all parameters between CTA models and CT models (p< 0.01) whereas no difference was found between CTA models and CIRM models. The mean difference of overall 3D geometry between CTA models and CT models was 0.51±0.24 mm, and between CTA models and CIRM models was 0.24±0.10 mm.

Conclusions

CIRM demonstrated encouraging results in reestablish the normal anatomy and could be potentially used in production process of 3D printed patient-specific radial head prosthesis.
A comparative study of buprenorphine in two different doses as an adjuvant to levobupivacaine in US-guided lumbar plexus block for postoperative analgesia
Authors: Tulsyan Vaibhav , Singh Jai , Thakur Lokesh , Verma Versha , Minhas Ashish
Published: January 2021

Background

Lumbar plexus block (LPB) is a proven modality to provide analgesia following lower limb surgeries. The present study compared the effect of buprenorphine in different doses viz. 150 μg and 300 μg as an adjuvant to levobupivacaine in unilateral lumbar plexus block. In this prospective, controlled, and double-blind study, ninety patients undergoing hip, thigh, and knee surgeries under subarachnoid block were enrolled. The patients were randomly allocated into three groups of thirty each, to receive LPB with 0.25% levobupivacaine plain (group L), 0.25% levobupivacaine with 150 μg buprenorphine (group BL), or 0.25% levobupivacaine with 300 μg buprenorphine (group BH), after the sensory level of subarachnoid receded to T10. Total volume administered was 30 ml. The duration of analgesia post LPB, total pain-free period, cumulative rescue analgesic doses per patient, number of patients requiring rescue analgesic, pain scores using visual analog scale (VAS), and sedation levels were noted at protocolized predetermined intervals in each case.

Results

The duration of analgesia post LPB was significantly prolonged in both the buprenorphine groups (9.76 ± 1.39 h in group with 150 μg buprenorphine and 10.13 ± 1.5 h in group with 300 μg buprenorphine) as compared to 4.25 ± 0.93 h in the control group (p< 0.001). The total pain free-period of 12.81 ± 1.49 h was maximum in group BH as compared to 12.42 ± 1.47 h in group BL and 7.01 ± 0.89 h in group L and was statistically significant with the control group (p= 0.001). The cumulative rescue analgesic doses per patient was also significantly higher in control group L (3.10 ± 0.40) as compared to groups BL (1.77 ± 0.5) and BH (1.33 ± 0.48). There was significant decrease in pain scores in patients of both buprenorphine groups compared to the control group up to 24 h (p< 0.001). In group BH, patients were sedated in the first hour with a modified Ramsay Sedation Score of 1.93 ± 0.86 which was statistically significant from the group L (modified RSS of 1.00 ± 0.00,p= 0.003) as well as from group BL (modified RSS of 1.47 ± 0.50,p= 0.043).

Conclusions

Buprenorphine in either of the doses (150 μg or 300 μg) as an adjuvant to levobupivacaine in lumbar plexus block provided comparable postoperative analgesia. A dose of 300 μg, however, resulted in significant sedation and respiratory depression. Hence, buprenorphine 150 μg appears to be an optimal dose providing prolonged postoperative analgesia and minimal sedation.
Microbiota in intestinal digesta of Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar), observed from late freshwater stage until one year in seawater, and effects of functional ingredients: a case study from a commercial sized research site in the Arctic region
Authors: Wang Jie , Jaramillo-Torres Alexander , Li Yanxian , Kortner Trond M. , Gajardo Karina , Brevik Øyvind Jakobsen , Jakobsen Jan Vidar , Krogdahl Åshild
Published: January 2021

Background

The importance of the gut microbiota for health and wellbeing is well established for humans and some land animals. The gut microbiota is supposedly as important for fish, but existing knowledge has many gaps, in particular for fish in the Arctic areas. This study addressed the dynamics of Atlantic salmon digesta-associated gut microbiota assemblage and its associations with host responses from freshwater to seawater life stages under large-scale, commercial conditions in the Arctic region of Norway, and explored the effects of functional ingredients. The microbiota was characterized by 16S rRNA gene sequencing in distal intestinal digesta at four time points: 2 weeks before seawater transfer (in May, FW); 4 weeks after seawater transfer (in June, SW1); in November (SW2), and in April (SW3) the following year. Two series of diets were fed, varying throughout the observation time in nutrient composition according to the requirements of fish, one without (Ref diet), and the other with functional ingredients (Test diet). The functional ingredients, i.e. nucleotides, yeast cell walls, one prebiotic and essential fatty acids, were supplemented as single or mixtures based on the strategies from the feed company.

Results

Overall, the fish showed higher microbial richness and lactic acid bacteria (LAB) abundance after seawater transfer, while Simpson’s diversity decreased throughout the observation period. At SW1, the gut microbiota was slightly different from those at FW, and was dominated by the genera Lactobacillus and Photobacterium. As the fish progressed towards SW2 and SW3, the genera Lactobacillus and Mycoplasma became more prominent, with a corresponding decline in genus Photobacterium. The overall bacterial profiles at these time points showed a clear distinction from those at FW. A significant effect of functional ingredients (a mixture of nucleotides, yeast cell walls and essential fatty acids) was observed at SW2, where Test-fed fish showed lower microbial richness, Shannon’s diversity, and LAB abundance. The multivariate association analysis identified differentially abundant taxa, especially Megasphaera, to be significantly associated with gut immune and barrier gene expressions, and plasma nutrients.

Conclusions

The gut microbiota profile varied during the observation period, and the Mycoplasma became the dominating bacteria with time. Megasphaera abundance was associated with gut health and plasma nutrient biomarkers. Functional ingredients modulated the gut microbiota profile during an important ongrowing stage.
Time-lapse image registration by high-resolution time-shift scan
Authors: Liu Xingye , Chen Xiaohong , Bai Min , Chen Yangkang
Published: January 2021

Seismic image registration is crucial for the joint interpretation of multivintage seismic images in time-lapse reservoir monitoring. Time-shift analysis is a commonly used method to estimate the warping function by creating a time-shift map, where the energy of each time-shift point in the 3D map indicates the probability of a correct registration. We have adopted a new method to obtain a high-resolution time-shift analysis spectrum, which can help with manual and automatic picking. The time-shift scan map is obtained by trying different local shifts and calculating the local similarity attributes between the shifted and reference images. We adopt a high-resolution calculation of the time-shift scan map by applying the nonstationary model constraint in solving the local similarity attributes. The nonstationary model constraint ensures the time-shift scan map to be smooth in all physical dimensions, for example, time, local shift, and space. In addition, it permits variable smoothing strength across the whole volume, which enables the high resolution of the calculated time-shift scan map. We use an automatic-picking algorithm to demonstrate the accuracy of the high-resolution time-shift scan map and its positive influence on the time-lapse image registration. Synthetic (2D) and real (3D) time-lapse seismic images are used for demonstrating the better registration performance of the proposed method.
Reexamination of controlled-source electromagnetic inversion at the Lona prospect, Orphan Basin, Canada
Authors: Hoversten G. Michael , Mackie Randall L. , Hua Yong
Published: January 2021

In 2010, an exploration well was drilled at the Lona prospect in the Orphan Basin, Canada, whose location was based primarily on a structural high at the base of a Cretaceous unconformity. Additionally, a 3D inversion of controlled-source electromagnetic (CSEM) data collected in 2007 and 2009 indicated elevated resistivities that roughly correlated with the structural high, indicating the possibility of hydrocarbon-saturated sediments. The well did not encounter hydrocarbons, and the results were considered a false positive. In an effort to better understand the geologic significance of the elevated resistivity anomaly, we have reexamined the original interpretation of the Lona prospect by using a seismic image-guided inversion algorithm to analyze CSEM data from a synthetic model and the field data and correlate those results with lithology predictions from seismic amplitude versus angle inversions. We conclude that the anomalously high resistivities seen are due to the high volumes of cemented sand lithology and not to the presence of hydrocarbons. We speculate that if the results shown here had been available at the time, CSEM would not have provided support to the decision to drill.
Introducing the new culture section of BJPsych Bulletin
Authors: Foreman David
Published: January 2021

This editorial launches the new culture section in the journal. Without any unchallengeable definition of ‘culture’, potential contributors may consider submissions under four headings: the arts and humanities relating to practice; regulatory culture; becoming a cultured practitioner; and psychiatry's cultural context. A new article type, ‘Cultural reflections’, has been created, and submissions may reflect any appropriate methodology, including those from the arts. Peer review (from methodologies outside psychiatry if appropriate) will assure quality. Our objectives are to establish BJPsych Bulletin as the ‘journal of record’ for cultural studies relevant to psychiatric service delivery and demonstrate equivalent quality between them and scientific studies.
Protein Signature Predicts Response to Neoadjuvant Treatment With Chemotherapy and Bevacizumab in HER2-Negative Breast Cancers
Authors: Haugen Mads H. , Lingjærde Ole Christian , Hedenfalk Ingrid , Garred Øystein , Borgen Elin , Loman Niklas , Hatschek Thomas , Børresen-Dale Anne-Lise , Naume Bjørn , Mills Gordon B. , Mælandsmo Gunhild M. , Engebraaten Olav
Published: January 2021

PURPOSE

Antiangiogenic therapy using bevacizumab has proven effective for a number of cancers; however, in breast cancer (BC), there is an unmet need to identify patients who benefit from such treatment.

PATIENTS AND METHODS

In the NeoAva phase II clinical trial, patients (N = 132) with large (≥ 25 mm) human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)-negative primary tumors were randomly assigned 1:1 to treatment with neoadjuvant chemotherapy (CTx) alone or in combination with bevacizumab (Bev plus CTx). The ratio of the tumor size after relative to before treatment was calculated into a continuous response scale. Tumor biopsies taken prior to neoadjuvant treatment were analyzed by reverse-phase protein arrays (RPPA) for expression levels of 210 BC-relevant (phospho-) proteins. Lasso regression was used to derive a predictor of tumor shrinkage from the expression of selected proteins prior to treatment.

RESULTS

We identified a nine-protein signature score named vascular endothelial growth factor inhibition response predictor (ViRP) for use in the Bev plus CTx treatment arm able to predict with accuracy pathologic complete response (pCR) (area under the curve [AUC] = 0.85; 95% CI, 0.74 to 0.97) and low residual cancer burden (RCB 0/I) (AUC = 0.80; 95% CI, 0.68 to 0.93). The ViRP score was significantly lower in patients with pCR ( P < .001) and in patients with low RCB ( P < .001). The ViRP score was internally validated on mRNA data and the resultant surrogate mRNA ViRP score significantly separated the pCR patients ( P = .016). Similarly, the mRNA ViRP score was validated ( P < .001) in an independent phase II clinical trial (PROMIX).

CONCLUSION

Our ViRP score, integrating the expression of nine proteins and validated on mRNA data both internally and in an independent clinical trial, may be used to increase the likelihood of benefit from treatment with bevacizumab combined with chemotherapy in patients with HER2-negative BC.
Menopausal Hormone Therapy and Cardiovascular Disease: The Role of Formulation, Dose, and Route of Delivery
Authors: Shufelt Chrisandra L , Manson JoAnn E
Published: January 2021

Context

This mini-review provides an overview of menopausal hormone therapy (HT) and cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk, with a focus on the role of hormone formulation, dose, and route of delivery.

Methods

This summary is based on authors’ knowledge in the field of menopausal HT and supplemented by a PubMed search using the terms “menopause hormone therapy,” “transdermal,” “estradiol,” “conjugated estrogens,” “bioidentical,” “cardiovascular disease,” “lipoproteins,” “glucose,” “progestogens,” “low dose.”

Results

Available evidence indicates that oral unopposed estrogens have a favorable effect on lipoprotein levels, glycemia, insulin, and CVD risk; however, the addition of progestogens blunts the lipid-related effects. The progestogen with the smallest attenuating effect is micronized progesterone. Transdermal estrogens have less effect on coagulation, inflammation, and lipids than oral estrogens and observational studies suggest they pose a lower risk of venous thromboembolism and stroke than oral estrogens. Clinical effects of hormones were not consistently dose dependent.

Conclusions

Although HT continues to have an important role in menopause management, it is not recommended for primary or secondary CVD prevention. Different formulations, doses, and routes of delivery of HT have different effects on cardiometabolic markers and risks of clinical CVD events. However, long-term trials evaluating clinical outcomes with transdermal and other alternate HT regimens are limited.
Dietary Pattern Trajectories from Youth to Adulthood and Adult Risk of Impaired Fasting Glucose: A 31-year Cohort Study
Authors: Wu Feitong , Pahkala Katja , Juonala Markus , Rovio Suvi P , Sabin Matthew A , Rönnemaa Tapani , Buscot Marie-Jeanne , Smith Kylie J , Männistö Satu , Jula Antti , Lehtimäki Terho , Hutri-Kähönen Nina , Kähönen Mika , Laitinen Tomi , Viikari Jorma S A , Raitakari Olli T , Magnussen Costan G
Published: January 2021

Context

The influence of dietary pattern trajectories from youth to adulthood on adult glucose metabolism is unknown.

Objective

To identify dietary pattern trajectories from youth to adulthood and examine their associations with adult impaired fasting glucose (IFG).

Methods

Thirty-one-year population-based cohort study among 1007 youths aged 3-18 years at baseline in Finland. Diet intake was assessed in 1980, 1986, 2001, 2007, and 2011. Group-based trajectory modelling was used to identify dietary pattern (identified by factor analysis) trajectories. Adult IFG was measured by the latest available data from 2001, 2007, and 2011.

Results

Among 1007 participants, 202 (20.1%) developed IFG and 27 (2.7%) developed type 2 diabetes in adulthood (mean follow-up of 30.7 years; mean [SD] age 40.5 [5.0] years). Three dietary patterns were identified at baseline and were retained in 1986 and 2001: “Traditional Finnish,” “High carbohydrate,” and “Vegetables and dairy products.” Three different patterns were identified in 2007, which remained similar in 2011: “Traditional Finnish and high carbohydrate,” “Red meat,” and “Healthy.” Trajectories of increased or stably medium “red meat” pattern scores from youth to adulthood were detrimentally associated with IFG (relative risk 1.46, 95% CI 1.12-1.90 for Medium (M)-stable/M-large increase vs low-stable trajectory) after adjusting for confounders. This association was slightly reduced after further adjusting for long-term dietary fiber intake.

Conclusion

Trajectories of an increased or stably moderate adherence to a “red meat” dietary pattern from youth to adulthood are associated with higher risk of adult IFG. This association is partly explained by low dietary fiber intake.
Kinetic Investigation of Pd(II)-Catalyzed Ortho C-H Iodination of Benzamide with I2
Authors: Aizawa Sen-ichi , Takeuchi Yoichi
Published: January 2021

Intimate kinetic investigation of Pd(II)-catalyzed ortho C-H iodination of benzamide substrate via cyclopalladation was performed for the first time by using molecular I2 as a sole oxidant and acetate as a base. The reaction rate of the cyclopalladation step is independent of benzamide concentration but increased with an increase in acetate concentration and then gradually decreased due to blocking on coordination sites of Pd(II) by acetate. On the other hand, the reaction rate of the subsequent iodination step was first-order with respect to I2 concentration. Though the total activation energies of the cyclopalladation and iodination processes are comparable, it is reasonable that the cyclopalladation appears to be the rate-determining step of Pd(II)-catalyzed ortho C-H iodination, in which substrates, I2, and acetate are used in large excess. From the present results, it can be proposed that a minimum amount of acetate required for deprotonation of amide and ortho proton for cyclopalladation and rather excess I2 should be used to provide acceleration and high performance of Pd(II)-catalyzed ortho C-H iodination.
The Nature of Firm Growth
Authors: Sterk Vincent , Sedláček Petr , Pugsley Benjamin
Published: January 2021

About one-half of all startups fail within five years, and those that survive grow at vastly different speeds. Using Census microdata, we estimate that most of these differences are determined by ex ante heterogeneity rather than persistent ex post shocks. Embedding such heterogeneity in a firm dynamics model shows that the presence of ex ante heterogeneity (i) is a key determinant of the firm size distribution and firm dynamics, (ii) can strongly affect the macroeconomic effects of firm-level frictions, and (iii) helps understand the recently documented decline in business dynamism by showing a disappearance of high-growth startups (“gazelles”) since the mid-1980s. (JEL D22, D24, E24, J23, L11, M13)
Quantifying MRI T
1 relaxation in flowing blood: implications for arterial input function measurement in DCE-MRI
Authors: Gwilliam Matthew N , Collins David J , Leach Martin O , Orton Matthew R
Published: January 2021

Objectives:

To investigate the feasibility of accurately quantifying the concentration of MRI contrast agent in flowing blood by measuring its T1 in a large vessel. Such measures are often used to obtain patient-specific arterial input functions for the accurate fitting of pharmacokinetic models to dynamic contrast enhanced MRI data. Flow is known to produce errors with this technique, but these have so far been poorly quantified and characterised in the context of pulsatile flow with a rapidly changing T1 as would be expected in vivo.

Methods:

A phantom was developed which used a mechanical pump to pass fluid at physiologically relevant rates. Measurements of T1 were made using high temporal resolution gradient recalled sequences suitable for DCE-MRI of both constant and pulsatile flow. These measures were used to validate a virtual phantom that was then used to simulate the expected errors in the measurement of an AIF in vivo.

Results:

The relationship between measured T1 values and flow velocity was found to be non-linear. The subsequent error in quantification of contrast agent concentration in a measured AIF was shown.

Conclusions:

The T1 measurement of flowing blood using standard DCE- MRI sequences are subject to large measurement errors which are non-linear in relation to flow velocity.

Advances in knowledge:

This work qualitatively and quantitatively demonstrates the difficulties of accurately measuring the T1 of flowing blood using DCE-MRI over a wide range of physiologically realistic flow velocities and pulsatilities. Sources of error are identified and proposals made to reduce these.
Das deutsche wissenschaftliche Bibliothekswesen jenseits der Bibliothek 2.0 – Zukunft jetzt gestalten
Authors: Tannhof Werner
Published: January 2021

DOI: 10.12685/027.7-1-1-10Ausgehend von zwei unterschiedlichen Einschätzungen zur Bedeutung der Bibliothek 2.0 für das wissenschaftliche Bibliothekswesen, werden einzelne Aspekte dieses Ansatzes anhand von ausgewählten Beispielen (Auskunft, Informationskompetenz, Katalog, Kommunikation) kritisch diskutiert und ihre Bedeutung für die Entwicklung der deutschen Hochschulbibliotheken dargelegt. Darauf aufbauend erfolgt eine Zusammenstellung einiger wichtiger Herausforderungen vor denen deutsche Bibliotheken stehen und möglichen Lösungsstrategien (Erwerbung, Katalog, Lernort, Informationskompetenz, Auskunft, Metadaten, Organisation, Personaleinsatz, Ausbildung) für die bibliothekarische Arbeit. The starting point of this article are two different appraisals of the significance of the library 2.0-concept for academic librarianship. Specific aspects are critically discussed based on selected examples (such as reference, information literacy, catalogue, communication) and their impact for the development of German university libraries is outlined. On this basis the most important challenges for German acade­mic libraries and possible solutions will be identified (concerning acquisition, catalogue, learning com­mons, information literacy, reference, meta data, organisation, staff assignment and professional training).
Vernetzte Räume: Vom Bücherregal zur Bibliothek 2.0 - Neue Standorte und Perspektiven
Authors: Edinger Eva-Christina , Reimer Ricarda T. D.
Published: January 2021

DOI: 10.12685/027.7-1-1-13Bibliotheken erfahren im Zeitalter des Internets neue Dimensionen: Sie existieren materiell, digital und virtuell. Allerorts generieren BibliotheksnutzerInnen mittels mobiler Endgeräte ihre ganz eige­nen individuellen Räume und beteiligen sich gleichzeitig am Diskurs und sind somit Teil einer Community. Der vorliegende Beitrag zeigt Standorte und Perspektiven für die Vernetzung bestehender Bibliotheks­räume zu einer zukunftsweisenden Bibliothek 2.0 auf und verweist auf die Bedeutung einer interdisziplinär angelegten Information Literacy. In the internet age, libraries experience new dimensions: they exist in physical, digital and virtual forms. With the help of mobile devices, library users generate their individual working environment. At the same time they are participating in discourses and thus become members of a community. This ar­ticle outlines the current position and future perspectives for linking existing library spaces to a forward-looking library 2.0. Also, it points out the significance of an interdisciplinary information literacy.
„Dichtes Verstehen“ als Schritt zu einer begegnenden Bibliothekskultur
Authors: Schellhammer Barbara
Published: January 2021

DOI: 10.12685/027.7-1-3-35Mit seiner ethnografischen Methode der dichten Beschreibung schlug der amerikanische Sozial­wissenschaftler Clifford Geertz eine völlig neue Richtung in der Kulturanthropologie ein. Diese sogenannte „interpretative Wende“ stellt auch jenseits der Ethnografie eine grosse Bereicherung dar. Überall wo Men­schen unterschiedlicher sozio-kultureller Herkunft aufeinander treffen, eignet sich die dichte Beschreibung, um kulturelle Bedeutungssysteme besser verstehen und einordnen zu können. Dies hilft nicht nur im Be­reich der qualitativen Sozialforschung, sondern auch ganz konkret im alltäglichen Leben, im privaten, wie auch im beruflichen Umgang mit fremden Erfahrungshorizonten. Denn die dichte Beschreibung sprengt vorgefertigte, „dünne“, sozio-kulturelle Typologien und Etikettierungen. Sie möchte vielmehr kulturelle Symbole auf deren tiefe Bedeutung phänomenologisch beschreiben und hermeneutisch ergründen. Diese Fähigkeit kann gerade auch im Umgang mit Kundinnen und Kunden im Bibliotheksbereich eine grosse Be­reicherung darstellen und dazu beitragen, eine positive Bibliothekskultur zu begründen.With his ethnographic approach Clifford Geertz established a new way of thinking and doing re­search in cultural anthropology. This so called “ethnographic turn” continues to be of great significance for many disciplines, not only for ethnological studies. Wherever people of different socio-cultural back­grounds meet, Geertz's method of “Thick Description” helps to understand foreign cultures, or, what Geertz calls “complex systems of meaning-making”. This is important for scientific research settings, but also for day-to-day encounters in multi-cultural societies in a globalized world. “Thin” forms of describing other­ness categorize, stereotype or come up with set explanations which will never be able to grasp the complex­ity and ever changing nature of peoples and cultures. Geertz's method seeks to (1) thoroughly observe and describe human phenomenon in great detail and (2) hermeneutically interpret the observation by focusing on the meaning it has for the people portraying the observed behaviour. Focusing on context and signifi­cance, applying thick description in libraries may be of great benefit to found a culture that serves the cus­tomers best, because it seeks to thickly describe and understand their needs.
„Individuum est ineffabile“ oder: Verstehen Bibliothekare ihre Zielgruppe wirklich?
Authors: Seeliger Frank
Published: January 2021

DOI: 10.12685/027.7-1-3-36Bibliothekare kennen „Ihre“ Einrichtung wie ihre Westentasche, aber wie gut wissen sie um die Erfahrungen und Wünsche ihrer Zielgruppe im Umgang mit „Ihrer“ Bibliothek? Der Beitrag wirbt für einen frischen Blick aus ungewohnter Position auf das eigene Tagewerk. Er probt den Perspektiv- und beschwört einen Rollenwechsel. „Hang around and be alert“ oder „going native“ lauten ethnografische „Beschwörungsformeln“, um sich Fremdes professionell aus der Innen- und Aussenperspektive zu erschliessen. Der Beitrag ist ein Plädoyer dafür, sich anders als bisher auf die vertraute Arbeitswelt einzulassen.Librarians know their “own” library like the backs of their hands, but how well do they understand the experiences and expectations of their target groups in dealing with “their” library? This article takes a fresh look at how to approach the daily tasks from a different and unusual perspective; looking at things from a different point of view and evoking a change of roles. “Hang around and be alert” or “going native” are ethnographical mantras on how to professionally expand your internal and external perspectives of matters that are alien to you. This article is a plea to engage differently with the familiar working world as has been the case in the past.
The Uncoordinated Potential of Libraries to Achieve Open Access Now: How the Transition to Open Access Could be Accelerated by Libraries Working Together
Authors: Gutknecht Christian
Published: January 2021

DOI: 10.12685/027.7-2-1-48The last ten years have shown, that Open Access is not only a vision, but has become real. Libraries are in a good position to push Open Access even further, as they currently fully pay the production costs of the traditional subscription model. SCOAP3 demonstrates that coordination among libraries is not unlikely and could lead to more Open Access immediately.Die letzten zehn Jahren haben gezeigt, dass Open Access nicht nur eine Vision ist, sondern tatsächlich funktioniert. Bibliotheken könnten Open Access ganz zum Durchbruch verhelfen, da sie zurzeit vollständig für die Produktionskosten beim Subskriptionsmodell aufkommen. SCOAP3 zeigt, dass die Koordination zwischen Bibliotheken möglich ist und sofort zu mehr Open Access führen kann.
Open Innovation neu denken und steuern: Ein Beitrag aus der Perspektive des Innovationsmanagements an der ETH-Bibliothek
Authors: Regner Franziska
Published: January 2021

DOI: 10.12685/027.7-3-3-69Der Artikel nennt und erläutert Grundlagen und exemplarische Felder, die sich aus Sicht des Innovationsmanagements an der ETH-Bibliothek anbieten, um Open Innovation zu implementieren und etablierte Methoden des Innovationsmanagements zu erweitern.The article outlines basic principles and exemplary fields concerning the implementation of Open Innovation in order to expand established methods in innovation management. The article is based on the perspective of innovation management at ETH-Bibliothek.Cet article esquisse les principes de base ainsi que des exemples de champs d’action permettant la mise en place d’une innovation ouverte (« open innovation »). La perspective se base sur la gestion de l’innovation à la bibliothèque de l’École polytechnique fédérale de Zurich (ETH).
Die Bedeutung der Unternehmenskultur für die innerbetriebliche Innovationsfähigkeit. Ein Kochbuch zur Analyse der eigenen Kultur wie es an der UB Basel angewandt wurde
Authors: Von Rickenbach Kira
Published: January 2021

DOI: 10.12685/027.7-3-3-70Neben betrieblichen Strukturen sind auch weiche Faktoren, die zu einer innovationsfreudigen Atmosphäre führen, ein wichtiger Bestandteil, den es im Innovationsmanagement zu berücksichtigen gilt. Die Schwierigkeit dabei liegt darin, diese weichen Faktoren als Begriff zu fassen und in ein Konzept zu verpacken, sodass sie handlungsbezogen eingesetzt werden können und damit den Innovationsprozess positiv beeinflussen. Der Artikel geht der Frage nach, was eine innerbetriebliche Innovationskultur ausmacht, wie sie erhoben und wie sie weiterentwickelt werden kann.Besides operational structures, soft factors also contribute to an innovation-friendly climate and thus represent a crucial factor to be considered in innovation management. The difficulties in this context lie in naming these soft factors and finding a concept that enables their implementation into the innovation process. This article deals with the issues of what constitutes an internal innovation culture, how it can be evaluated and finally how it can be enhanced.Une gestion de l’innovation exige entre autre la création d’une atmosphère propice, déterminée à la fois par les structures opérationnelles que par des facteurs intangibles. Ceux-ci sont cependant difficiles à cerner et à intégrer de manière positive dans le processus d’innovation. L’article explore les caractéristiques d’une culture organisationnelle de l’innovation ainsi que les moyens de l’évaluer et de la faire progresser.
Publications en libre accès des universités du Burkina Faso: analyse d’impact et visibilité internationale
Authors: Rossi Pier Luigi , Traore Minata , Diallo Fatoumata Maïga
Published: January 2021

Nous avons rendu disponibles, en libre accès sur internet, les collections de mémoires et de thèses soutenues à l’Université de Bobo Dioulasso et à l’Université de Ouagadougou 1 (Burkina Faso). L’analyse des données de consultation (« fichiers de log » présents sur le serveur hôte) permet de produire plusieurs indicateurs concernant l’impact et la visibilité internationale des documents constituants les collections. Nous présentons la répartition temporelle et géographique des consultations, les fréquences des accès spécifiques à chaque document, la nature des questions, l’impact des moteurs de recherche. Ces résultats montrent qu’en mettant à disposition sur Internet des documents scientifiques produits par des institutions africaines, l’importance de leur visibilité et de leur impact peuvent être démontrés en utilisant les données de consultation disponibles sur le serveur. La comparaison de ces données avec celles disponibles pour les documents en libre accès de l’Institut français pour le développement (IRD) permet de conclure que les niveaux de consultation pour les publications scientifiques des pays du « Nord » et du « Sud » sont assez similaires.Two major collections of dissertations and theses defended at the University of Bobo Dioulasso and the University of Ouagadougou 1 have been made available open access on the Internet. The data analysis of accesses available via the host server makes it possible to produce several indicators concerning the impact and the international visibility of the available documents. We will present the temporal and geographical distribution of the consultations, the specific frequencies for each document, the nature of the questions, the impact of the search engines. These results seem to show that by making available on the Internet scientific documents produced by African institutions their visibility and impact are demonstrable with the data collected by the server. A comparison of these data with those available for the open access documents of the French Institute for Development (IRD) show that the levels of consultation for scientific publications from "Northern" and "Southern" countries are quite similar.
Corona-Krise@home
Authors: Franke-Maier Michael
Published: January 2021

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Investigation and management of iron deficiency anaemia in a specialist palliative care setting and the role of intravenous iron: a descriptive analysis of hospice data
Authors: Steele Thomas , Bonwick Helen , Nwosu Amara Callistus , Chapman Laura
Published: January 2021

Background: Anaemia is common in hospice populations and associated with significant symptom burden. Guidelines recommend investigating for and treating iron deficiency (ID), but there is little evidence of this practice in palliative care populations. This report describes the results of investigations for and subsequent management of ID in a UK hospice.

Methods: This is a descriptive study of routine clinical data. Laboratory and clinical records were reviewed retrospectively for 12 months following the implementation, in August 2018, of routine investigation for ID amongst patients with clinically relevant anaemia in whom treatment would be considered. Absolute (AID) and functional iron deficiency (FID) were diagnosed using established definitions and treatments recorded.

Results: Iron status was evaluated in 112 cases, representing 25/110 (22.7%) of those with mild, 26/76 (60.5%) moderate and 41/54 (75.9%) severe anaemia. Twenty-eight (25%) were defined as having AID, 48 (42.8%) FID and 36 (32%) no ID. There was a significant difference between groups in symptoms triggering haemoglobin check and diagnosis, with a higher proportion of patients with classic symptoms of anaemia and gastrointestinal malignancy in those with AID. Intravenous iron was given on 12 occasions in the hospice with no major adverse events. Subjective symptom benefit in 7 cases and a significant increase in overall mean haemoglobin were observed.

Conclusions: This report describes the outcome of investigations for iron deficiency in patients with clinically significant anaemia in a UK hospice. Results indicate iron deficiency is common and can be safely treated with intravenous iron replacement, within current guidelines, in a hospice setting. Further research should define the optimum use of this approach in palliative care patients.
Complex haploinsufficient interaction between APC11 and CYCLIN A1;2/TARDY ASYNCHRONOUS MEIOSIS in embryo development and seed germination in Arabidopsis
Authors: Yang Ming , Wang Yixing , Guo Lei , Liu Chun-Ming
Published: January 2021

Background:Complex haploinsufficiency is characterized by individuals with two heterozygous loci producing a phenotype that is not seen in either of the corresponding single-locus heterozygous individuals. The mutants of the anaphase-promoting complex/cyclosome (APC/C) subunit geneAPC11and the mitotic cyclin geneCYCLIN A1;2/TARDY ASYNCHRONOUS MEIOSIS(TAM) inArabidopsis thalianaare embryo-lethal and defective in meiosis, respectively, but their heterozygous single mutants do not exhibit defective embryo development and seed germination.

Methods:Crosses between two heterozygousapc11mutant alleles and two homozygoustammutant alleles, and between two heterozygousapc11mutant alleles and aTAM:TAM-GFPline were conducted. Phenotypes of the F1seeds were analyzed by light microscopy.

Results:We found that F1embryos from the crosses between heterozygousapc11-1(APC11/apc11-1) and homozygoustam-2(tam-2/tam-2) or betweenAPC11/apc11-2andtam-2/tam-2were morphologically normal but all the seeds failed to germinate. F1embryos from the crosses betweenAPC11/apc11-2andtam-1/tam-1(weaker allele thantam-2) produced morphologically normal seeds that germinated to form mature plants. However, F1embryos from the crosses betweenAPC11/apc11-1andtam-1/tam-1were abnormal and the seeds failed to germinate. Moreover, F1embryos from the crosses betweenAPC11/apc11-1and aTAM:TAM-GFPline were arrested at early developmental stages while F1embryos from the crosses betweenAPC11/apc11-2and theTAM:TAM-GFPline appeared fully developed but the seeds failed to germinate.

Conclusions:Our observations indicate that theapc11andtammutants have an allele-dependent complex haploinsufficient relationship in embryo development and seed germination.
Roma generadora de identidades. La experiencia hispana
Authors: Caballos Rufino Antonio , Lefebvre Sabine
Published: January 2021

El objetivo de esta monografía colectiva, centrada de forma no exclusiva en Hispania, es mostrar, desde la República a la Antigüedad tardía, de qué modo la provincia, nueva forma de vertebración implantada por los romanos, pudo comenzar a asumirse como nuevo criterio de referencia, analizando los procesos por los que se fue generando una identidad provincial.
MURILO RUBIÃO E FARNESE DE ANDRADE: ESTRANHAMENTOS E SINGULARIDADES
Authors: Franzim Mariana Silva
Published: January 2021

O presente artigo apresenta uma análise comparativa entre a obra do escritor Murilo Rubião (1916-1991) e do artista visual Farnese de Andrade (1926-1996). Observadas atentamente, a produção de ambos os artistas possuem ume série de afinidades, entre as quais o descompasso com as correntes vigentes em seu próprio tempo. Garantindo as diferenças entre a materialidade especifica de cada linguagem, o estudo comparativo reflete acerca do contexto histórico, da recepção crítica e dos elementos formais das produções. Por fim, a análise estabelece que as afinidades entre Rubião e Farnese se dão através da singularidade de suas obras, relacionada ao manejo de elementos do cotidiano a fim de gerar estranhamento.
MURILO RUBIÃO: O ESCREVER, O REESCREVER E O PRAZER
Authors: Goulart Audemaro Taranto
Published: January 2021

Este texto intenta focalizar a obra de Murilo Rubião, considerando dois aspectos: sua opção pelo fantástico e a obsessão em reescrever continuamente seus contos. A preferência pelo fantástico é uma forma de tornar mais clara nossa visão de mundo, sobretudo do mundo que se faz opressor. A reescrita dos textos resulta de uma ânsia de perfeccionismo. Entretanto, esta compulsão leva o escritor a uma condição de sofrimento, porque como ele diz, é angustiante escrever, cortar, reescrever, corrigir e assim por diante. Para encontrar uma razão para os dois aspectos, foram consideradas as reflexões de notáveis teóricos como Wittgenstein, Freud e Norman Brown. A conclusão é de que o escrever que subjaz ao trabalho de Rubião caracteriza-se como um ato de prazer. Assim, o escritor estaria desenvolvendo um processo de superar, prazerosamente, os desequilíbrios que o mundo maquinizado impõe ao homem contemporâneo.
GALÁXIAS MURILIANAS
Authors: Alencar João Nilson P.
Published: January 2021

Este ensaio procura ler a atualidade de Murilo Rubião em duplo movimento: por um lado, trabalhando com um suporte teórico contemporâneo, que dê conta das muitas entradas e saídas ao seu repertório. Por outro, o texto busca levantar o movimento de pesquisa e leitura do arquivo como espaço de descoberta e reinvenção – dois elementos fundamentais para não cair na armadilha da leitura canônica. Os dois movimentos são entrelaçados pela noção de uma política cultural no modernismo tardio, ao mesmo tempo em que lança a crítica como exploradora de universos, ou seja, criadora de ficções.
The struggle to access rehabilitation services: a patient's experience
Authors: Smith Lowri
Published: January 2021

Rehabilitation and carefully managed physical activity are key aspects of recovery after a cardiac event or surgery. Unfortunately, Lowri Smith's experience shows that accessing these services can often be fraught with difficulty.
The role of patient organisations in the delivery of shared decision-making
Authors: Winchester Claire
Published: January 2021

People with MS often face complex treatment decisions, and it may be worth involving trusted patient organisations to support and enhance the process of shared decision-making. Claire Winchester elaborates.
The pain of living with multiple sclerosis
Authors: Greener Mark
Published: January 2021

A variety of pain syndromes are common among people with MS, and pain is often one of the first MS symptoms to emerge. Just because a person with MS reports pain, however, that does not necessarily mean that MS caused the pain: a comorbidity may be responsible. Mark Greener explains.
Impact of somatosensory interventions on upper limb function in children with hemiplegic cerebral palsy: a single-subject design study
Authors: Khoshbakht Moloud , Raji Parvin , Ansari Noureddin Nakhostin , Mahmodian Mahmoud
Published: January 2021

Background/aims

Hemiplegia is one of the most common types of cerebral palsy. Upper limb dysfunction in these children can affect their quality of life. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of somatosensory interventions on upper extremity sensory and motor functions in spastic hemiplegic children.

Methods

This single-subject study was performed in the occupational therapy clinic of Tehran University of Medical Sciences. Three participants (two boys and one girl) aged 8–12 years with spastic hemiplegia were assessed during baseline, treatment and follow-up phases. During the treatment phase, the children received 12 tactile and proprioceptive stimulation (active, passive and playful) sessions over 4 weeks. Four sensory measures (tactile localisation, stereognosis, two-point discrimination, proprioception) and one motor measure (Box and Block Test) were assessed during each phase.

Results

Improvement in function was seen in all three children based on visual analysis, with significant differences between the baseline and treatment scores in the majority of measures for all participants. Changes were sustained at follow up for most tests. The effect size was large for all three children.

Conclusions

Despite the small number of participants, sensory intervention with a focus on sensory deficits could help to improve upper extremity sensory and motor function in children with spastic hemiplegia.
Effect of incentive spirometer exercise combined with physical therapy on pulmonary functions in children with cerebral palsy
Authors: Atia Doaa Tammam , Tharwat Mohamed Mohamed
Published: January 2021

Background/aims

Children with cerebral palsy have poorer pulmonary function than average healthy people because they typically have decreased mobility of the chest wall, deviation of chest wall structure and weak respiratory muscles. The aim of this study was to examine the effect of the incentive spirometer exercise on pulmonary functions in children with cerebral palsy, and the effects of the incentive spirometer exercise according to Gross Motor Function Classification System level.

Methods

A total of 50 patients with spastic cerebral palsy aged between 8 and 12 years were randomly divided into two groups: the study group and the control group. Both groups received a physiotherapy exercise programme with the aim of enhancing gross motor and respiratory function for 60 minutes a day, 3 days a week for 8 weeks. The study group received the additional incentive spirometer exercise. Both groups had pulmonary function testing before the study (baseline), halfway through the intervention (at 4 weeks) and then at the end of the intervention (after 8 weeks).

Results

Significant improvements in forced expiratory volume in 1 second, forced vital capacity and maximal mid-expiratory flow were found in the study group, but not in the control group.

Conclusions

The incentive spirometer exercise, along with physiotherapy exercises, are effective in improving pulmonary functions than physiotherapy exercises alone.
Immune-mediated disorders of the eye: part two – equine recurrent uveitis
Authors: Robin Matthew
Published: January 2021

Despite the immune-privileged status of the eye, immune-mediated ophthalmic disorders are reasonably common in many species. This article is the second of two articles discussing those most relevant to the horse and focuses on equine recurrent uveitis (the first article covered disorders of the cornea). Equine recurrent uveitis presents in three different forms that vary greatly in their clinical presentation. Importantly, many cases show no overt signs of ocular pain and diagnosis is often delayed until advanced damage has occurred. Several treatment options are available and must be tailored toward each case, with owners made aware of realistic expectations from the outset.
Examining aberrations due to depth of field in holographic pupil replication waveguide systems
Authors: Draper Craig T. , Blanche Pierre-Alexandre
Published: January 2021

Pupil expansion using waveguide propagation and pupil replication has been a popular method of developing head-up displays and near-to-eye displays. This paper examines one of the limits of pupil replication, which involves projecting images at a finite distance through a single waveguide by holographic optical elements and seeing the image doubling artifact. A Zemax model and a demonstrator were developed to determine the cause of image doubling. A relationship between the designed outcoupled image distance of a waveguide, pupil size, optical path length, and angle of image doubling is established. In waveguide pupil replication, the internally propagating light should be close to collimated to mitigate image doubling. We also provide a solution to project the image at different distances, which is an important factor for some applications, such as automotive head-up display and the seamless integration of augmented reality information with the natural environment.