bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Chhedana (Excision) and Adjuvant Ayurvedic Remedies in the Management of Anal Warts (Condyloma Acuminata): A Single Case Report
Authors: Ghoniya Priyal , Kumar Neeraj , Dudhamal Tukaram
Published: March 2023

Anal warts are the commonest benign, viral condition found in day to day practice in ano-rectal surgeries. Anogenital warts (Condyloma acuminata) caused by Human Papilloma Virus (HPV) infection and associated with squamous intra-epithelium lesions and squamous cell carcinoma. It occurs in the perianal area or in the squamous epithelium of distal anal canal. Many methods of treating condyloma acuminata have been employed such as topical application of podophyllin ointment which has many disadvantages like skin burns, requires multiple visits and systemic toxicity. As per Acharya Sushruta, Agnikarma has been described as one of the superior para-surgical procedure as the diseases treated by it, usually have no recurrence. In this present case report 47 years old male patient visited in OPD of Shalya Tantra having complaints of growth at perianal region with occasionally itching since last 8-9 years. Growth is gradually increasing in size and causing discomfort, pain and burning in ano during defaecation since last 6-7 months. Clinical appearance of the lesion makes the diagnosis obvious but the histopathological report reveals Condyloma acuminata. So, Chhedana (Surgical Excision) with cautery was planned after patient got negative report for HPV DNA test. Growth lesion was completely excised under spinal anaesthesia. Clinically it mimics with carcinoma so repeat histopathologic examination was done after complete excision which showed invasive squamous cell carcinoma in situ. So, the patient was referred to higher centre to oncologist for further evaluation and management. After thorough examination by oncologist it excluded the possibility of malignancy by haematological investigations and CT scan of thorax, abdomen and pelvis, which were found normal. This case was managed post operatively with 2 tablets (500 mg each) Triphala Guggulu thrice in a day after meal for 1.5 months and daily sitz bath with Panchavalkala Kwatha and dressing with Jatyadi taila was performed till complete healing of post operative wound. Within 4 weeks wound was healed completely and no complaints of any recurrence or stenosis or stricture was found. This case demonstrates that condyloma acuminata can be managed through Ayurveda without any complications and is cost-effective.
Importance of brahma muhuruta a scientific review
Authors: Divya Sonali  , Shah Bijendra
Published: March 2023

Ayurveda is science of longevity. It deliberates on purpose of long life and maintain healthy condition. Ayurveda mentioned about different modalities and principle for healthy life like dincharya, ratricharya, ritucharya, sadvritta, rasayan therapy, proper aahara vihara, vyayam, achara rasayan etc. In which bramha muhurtha jagarana stands as important principle as modern regimen of today’s life has alarming effect on body. Bramha muhurtha is known as amrutavela. This article is based on different classical texts, journal, books, internet sources, research papers, experiences and observation. The aim of this article is emphasis on waking up in bramha muhurtha along with its benefits with modern correlation. It helps to keep body healthy by maintaining equilibrium in dosha, dhatu, mala, and agni. It helps in proper voiding of bowel by inducing external as well as internal movement. It has remarkable effect on genetic, endocrine, excretory, circulatory, respiratory, reproductive, and nervous system.
The Role of Song in Leonid Gaidai’s Films
Authors:   State Institute for Art Studies, Zhurkova D.A.
Published: March 2023

The article is devoted to Leonid Gaidai’s work with soundtrack. The emphasis is made on the analysis of both original and borrowed songs in the entire filmography of the director. In the first part of the article, the author analyses the principles of Gaidai’s work with various musical genres and outlines the range of musical genres and styles used by the director. The article investigates how their meaning (reputation) changes, refracted through the prism of the comedy genre, and discusses various ways in which the director interprets the genres of an old-time sentimental gypsy romance, folk and criminal underworld songs. The second part of the article reveals the role of songs in the dramaturgy of Gaidai’s comedies. The author demonstrates that with the help of songs, Gaidai creates an interconnected musical universe both within one film and between films. The study presents the analysis of the contrast between the visual-narrative side of an episode and its soundtrack and provides a detailed examination of how Gaidai challenged stereotypes as to what characters can perform what genre songs in a comedy film.
The Pragmasemantics of Laughter on the Internet: Value-Normative Regulation and Responsibility
Authors:   National Research University “Higher School of Economics” — St. Petersburg, Tulchinskii G.L.
Published: March 2023

Modern information and communication technologies have given rise to two challenges to the culture of laughter as a result of digitalization and an emphasis on visualization. Traditional media in the mass information society broadcast content (selected by censorship, editors, journalists, etc.) as some sort of normative social meanings, which were comprehended by the recipients. The modern scale of media accessibility allows almost every user to demonstrate and introduce directly into the public space their personal emotionally coloured assessments and experiences. As a result, there is an intense overlap, an intersection of semantic worldviews and the value-regulatory systems that generate them. This, in turn, creates breeding ground for ridicule, bullying, harassment, threats to reputation, health, and sometimes life. The consequence of this is the growing divergence of society, “insulted feelings”, distrust and aggression; and the ridiculous becomes difficult to recognize as such — not only for the controlling authorities, but also for users themselves. In addition, reception and recognition of the ridiculous have changed. If earlier laughter required a certain degree of reflection, entering a certain context in order to distance oneself, having realized the inconsistency of deviation from the shared and desired norm, now laughter acts as a simple direct reaction to the “laughter” option. This is expressed, for example, in the ever-increasing loss of the culture of anecdote and the culture of broadcasting a meme, coming to the fore. A non-trivial problem of the multidimensionality of the ridiculous arises, which includes both recognition of value regulators of laughter and personal responsibility (parrhesia) for the presentation of the ridiculous and its interpretation.
Olaparib (Lynparza)
Authors: CADTH
Published: March 2023

CADTH recommends that Lynparza be reimbursed by public drug plans for the adjuvant treatment of adult patients with deleterious or suspected deleterious germline BRCA-mutated (gBRCAm), human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)-negative high-risk early breast cancer who have been treated with neoadjuvant or adjuvant chemotherapy if certain conditions are met.

Lynparza should only be covered in patients with a confirmed type of inherited (germline) abnormal BRCA gene, whose early-stage breast cancer tests negative for the HER2 protein, who are at high risk for breast cancer recurrence, and who have received chemotherapy before or after surgery.

Lynparza should only be reimbursed if prescribed by clinicians with expertise and experience in treating breast cancer, and if the cost is reduced.
İSKOÇYA’DA KAPİTALİZM ve GECİKEN MİLLİYETÇİLİK
Authors: ASLAN Onur
Published: March 2023

İngiltere’nin ve Avrupa ülkelerinin tarihsel dönüşümlerinden ilham alan teorik metinler genel itibariyle kapitalistleşme süreciyle milliyetçilik anlatılarının yükselişi arasında doğrusal bir bağ kurmaktadır. Bu çalışma İskoçya’nın 17. ve 18. yüzyıldaki tarihsel dönüşümüne odaklanarak ülkenin bu bağ karşısındaki özgün konumunu anlamlandırmayı hedeflemektedir. Bu anlamda Tom Nairn’in İskoçya’da milliyetçiliğin ketlenmesine dair yorumlarından yola çıkılarak bu ketlenmenin İskoçya’nın kapitalistleşme sürecindeki sebepleri ve sonuçları araştırılmıştır. Tartışmanın seyrinde ilk olarak İskoç modernleşmesinde Calvinci kilisenin etkisine ve Wallerstein’ın dünya sistemleri analizine yönelik bir tartışma yürütülerek İskoç milliyetçiliğinin kapitalistleşme sürecindeki ketlenmesi açıklanmıştır. Ardından dünya sistemleri analizindeki sınıf, kültür ve jeopolitika ilişkisinden hareketle İskoçya’daki sınıfsal dönüşüm ve İskoç kimliğinin inşasına odaklanılarak kapitalistleşme ve milliyetçilik süreçleri arasındaki tezatlığın kökenleri sorgulanmıştır.
FRANSIZ VE ALMAN ULUSÇULUK FİKRİNİN TARİHSEL VE DÜŞÜNSEL KAYNAKLARI
Authors: KÖKERER Enes Berhudan
Published: March 2023

Modern siyasi tarihi doğru sebep-sonuç ilişkisi içinde analiz edebilmek için ulusçuluk düşüncesinin önemi tartışmasızdır. Özellikle modern Avrupa tarihinde karşılaştığımız siyasi olayların ve düşünsel tartışmaların ekseriyeti bu kavramların çevresinde yaşandığını söylemek de çok yanlış olmayacaktır. Bu durum söz konusu kavramların incelemesi gerekliliğini ortaya çıkarmaktadır. Fransız ve Alman toplumunun birbirine benzer homojen bir yapısı olmadığı için önemli politik sonuçlar doğuran ulusçuluk düşüncesinin oluşum süreci de farklı temeller üzerinden inşa edilmiştir. Erken dönem Fransız ulusçuluk fikri Aydınlanma düşüncesi temelinde dönemin siyasi koşulları içinde bir özgürlük mücadelesiyken, aynı minvalde erken dönem Alman ulusçuluk fikri ise romantizm akımının sağladığı düşünsel motivasyon dahilinde bir bağımsızlık mücadelesiydi. Bu çalışma ulusçuluk fikrinin Fransız ve Alman düşüncesinde neden farklı algılanıp yorumlandığını anlamak için ülkelerin ulus yapısının kurulum sürecini derinden etkileyen olaylara ve bu olayların ardında yatan düşünsel süreçlerin neler olduğunu analiz etmeye çalışacaktır.
ULUS-İNŞA SÜRECİNDE MİLLİYETÇİLİĞİN TOPLUMSAL CİNSİYET İNŞASI
Authors: TANSEL AKPINAR Betül , ERKEM GÜLBOY Gül Pınar
Published: March 2023

Sosyal yaşamın hemen her alanında ve her gün karşı karşıya kaldığımız karmaşık ve çetrefilli bir konu olan toplumsal cinsiyet eşitliğinin/eşitsizliğinin milliyetçilik ile olan ilişkisi bu makalede ulusal inşa dönemi kapsamında ele alınacaktır. Milliyetçiliğin en fazla hissedildiği ve ulusal kimliğin tartışıldığı dönemde toplumda kabul gören cinsi kimlikler de milliyetçi yaklaşımın rüzgârından etkilenmiştir. Milli kimliğin temellerinin atıldığı süreçte, kadınlık ve erkeklik tanımları da yapılmıştır. Söz konusu dönemin siyasi ve askeri koşulları göz önünde bulundurulduğunda kadınların biyolojik özelliklerine yapılan vurgu ve kadınlığı neredeyse annelikle eş gören bakış açısı kadınlara bir takım milli misyonlar yüklemiştir. Bu noktada, erkeklik ise asker millet olarak ifade edilen Türk milletinde, savaşçı ve kahraman olmak gibi niteliklerle ifade edilerek; ulusun erkek vatandaşları ulusal sınırların ve milletin savunmasından sorumlu tutulmuşlardır.

Makalede, bugün halen kelimenin tam anlamıyla toplumsal cinsiyet eşitliğinden söz edilemiyor olmasında, ulus-devletlerin geçerliliğini koruduğu bir uluslararası sistemde yaşıyor olmamızın ve ulus-devletlerin kurucu yaklaşımı olan milliyetçiliğin yadsınamaz payı olduğu savunulmaktadır. Geleneksel ve milli değerlerin topluma inşa ettiği cinsiyetçi normların izi yaşantımızın her ayrıntısında etkisini korumaktadır.
Morphological evolution and spatial profile changes of poleward moving auroral forms
Authors: Goertz Anton , Partamies Noora , Whiter Daniel , Baddeley Lisa
Published: March 2023

Abstract. We investigated the morphology of poleward moving auroral forms (PMAFs)
qualitatively by visual inspection of all-sky camera (ASC) images
and quantitatively using the arciness index. The PMAFs in this study
were initially identified with a meridian scanning photometer (MSP) located
at the Kjell Henriksen Observatory (KHO), Svalbard, and analyzed using
ASC images taken by cameras at the KHO and in Ny-Ålesund, Svalbard. We
present a detailed six-step evolution of PMAF morphology in two dimensions.
This evolution includes (1) an equatorward expansion of the auroral
oval and an intensification of auroral brightness at the open–closed
boundary (OCB), (2) the appearance of an arc-like structure in the oval,
(3) poleward and possible west/eastward propagation,
(4) azimuthal expansion events, (5) re-brightening of the PMAF and
eventual (6) fading away. This is the first work dedicated to the
morphological evolution of PMAFs and it includes more detailed discussion
and novel aspects, such as the observation of initial merging of 557.7 nm
auroral patches to form a PMAF. Moreover, the morphology of PMAFs
is quantified using the arciness index, which is a number describing
how arc-like auroral forms appear in ASC images. This allows an unbiased
statistical investigation of auroral morphology. We present the results
of a superposed epoch analysis of arciness in relation to PMAF occurrence.
This analysis uncovered that arciness increases suddenly during the
onset of a PMAF event and decreases over the PMAF lifetime to return
to its baseline value once the event has concluded. This behavior
may be understood based on changes in the morphology of PMAFs and
validates our understanding of PMAF morphology. Furthermore, our findings
relating to arciness may enable automatic identification of PMAFs,
which has been found to be notoriously difficult.
Susceptibility of Commercial-Off-The-Shelf Sensors to IEMI using Pulse Modulated Signals
Authors: Cesbron Lavau Louis , Suhrke Michael , Knott Peter
Published: March 2023

Abstract. The use of sensors has grown dramatically in recent years and many devices
rely on the information they provide. The lack of proper security mechanisms
available to control the use of sensors and the high degree of integration
make them more vulnerable to Intentional Electromagnetic Interference
(IEMI). The aim of this paper was to investigate the impact of IEMI on
separate sensors with privileged access to the hardware and software to
pursue a deep analysis of the effects of IEMI attacks using pulse modulated
signals. Measurements were carried out in a shielded hall using an open TEM
(Transverse Electromagnetic) waveguide in the 100 MHz–7.5 GHz frequency
range. A variety of effects were observed and significant differences were
found with pulse modulated signals compared to continuous wave signals.
These results indicate weak points in the sensors hardware leading to
possible hardening measures.
Antenna Setup for Future Joint Radar-Communications – Characteristics and Mounting Positions
Authors: Lübke Maximilian , Fuchs Jonas , Dubey Anand , Frank Martin , Franchi Norman , Lurz Fabian
Published: March 2023

Abstract. The development of millimeter wave systems is driven by the strong trend toward new communications generations and especially by the emerging joint radar and communications design approach.
Safety-critical applications like platooning or intersection assistance will significantly benefit from the combination of sensing and communications.
While radar performs a channel measurement and thus, needs a wide field of view (especially in city/intersection scenarios), communications aims to minimize the interference for other not addressed receivers (e. g. in a platoon) by a focused antenna design.
The proposed work extends the analysis of the influence of various antenna positioning
for a typical automotive scene by taking also different characteristics (antenna gain, half power beamwidth, and sidelobe level) into account.
Hereby, it is mandatory to investigate the communications and sensing performance simultaneously.
The positions at the front bumper – typical for radar sensors – and especially at the left mirror convinced regarding the vehicular communications as well as the sensing behaviour.
Applying focused antennas is promising, however, has also limits if the signals are not received out of the main beam but out of the sidelobes, resulting in a critical communications performance.
Thus, beam steering is recommended to be applied in the future.
Case study of radio emission beam associated to very low frequency signal recorded onboard CSES satellite
Authors: Boudjada Mohammed Y. , Eichelberger Hans U. , Al-Haddad Emad , Magnes Werner , Galopeau Patrick H. M. , Zhang Xuemin , Pollinger Andreas , Lammer Helmut
Published: March 2023

Abstract. We report on the variation of electric power density
linked to very low frequency (VLF) signal observed during the minimum of
solar cycle 25. The detected VLF signal is emitted by the NWC radio station
localized in the southern hemisphere, at 21.5∘ S and
114.2∘ E. We attempt in this work to quantify the beam as detected
by the Electric Field Detector (EFD) instrument onboard CSES satellite.
Geometrical key parameters have been considered to analysis the variation of the power density taking into consideration the distance between the
satellite trajectory and the NWC station and its conjugate region. The beam
behavior is found to be subject to significant disturbances in the conjugate
region with the presence of signal modulations. Above the NWC transmitter
station, the beam can be considered as a hollow cone but with irregularity
dependence on the electric power density.
Towards Steering Magnetic Nanoparticles in Drug Targeting Using a Linear Halbach Array
Authors: Thalmayer Angelika S. , Zeising Samuel , Lübke Maximilian , Fischer Georg
Published: March 2023

Abstract. Magnetic nanoparticles offer numerous promising biomedical applications, e.g. magnetic drug targeting. Here, magnetic drug carriers inside the human body are directed towards tumorous tissue by an external magnetic field. However, the success of the treatment strongly depends on the amount of drug carriers, reaching the desired tumor region. This steering process is still an open research topic.
In this paper, the previous study of a linear Halbach array is extended by an additional Halbach array with different magnetization angles between two adjacent magnets and investigated numerically using COMSOL Multiphysics.
The Halbach arrays are arranged with permanent magnets and generate a relatively large region of a moderately homogeneous, high magnetic field while having a strong gradient.
This results in a strong magnetic force, trapping many particles at the magnets. Afterwards, to avoid particle agglomeration, the Halbach array is flipped to its weak side. Therefore, the magnetic flux density, its gradient and the resulting magnetic force are computed for the different Halbach arrays with different constellations of magnetization directions.
Since the calculation of the gradient can lead to high errors due to the used mesh in Comsol, the gradient was derived analytically by investigating two different fitting functions.
Overall, the array with a 90∘ shifted magnetization performs best, changing the magnetic sides of the array easily and deflecting more particles.
Besides, the results revealed that the magnetic force dominates directly underneath the magnets compared to the other existing forces on the SPIONS.
Summarized, the results depict that the magnetic force and, thus, the region where the particles are able to get washed out, can be adjusted using low-cost permanent magnets.
Impact of assimilating NOAA VIIRS Aerosol Optical Depth (AOD) observations on global AOD analysis from the Copernicus Atmosphere Monitoring Service (CAMS)
Authors: Garrigues Sebastien , Ades Melanie , Remy Samuel , Flemming Johannes , Kipling Zak , laszlo Istvan , Parrington Mark , Inness Antje , Ribas Roberto , Jones Luke , Engelen Richard , Peuch Vincent-Henri
Published: March 2023

Abstract. Global monitoring of aerosols is required to analyse the impacts of aerosols on air quality and to understand their role in modulating the climate variability. The Copernicus Atmosphere Monitoring Service (CAMS) provides near real time forecasts and reanalyses of aerosols using the ECMWF Integrated Forecasting System (IFS), constrained by the assimilation of MODIS and PMAp Aerosol Optical Depth (AOD). Given the potential end-of-lifetime of MODIS AOD, implementing new AOD observations in the CAMS operational suite is a priority to ensure the continuity of the CAMS forecast performances. The objective of this work is to test the assimilation of the NOAA VIIRS AOD product from S-NPP and NOAA20 satellites in the IFS model. Simulation experiments assimilating VIIRS on top or in place of MODIS were carried out from June 2021 to November 2021 to evaluate the impacts on the AOD analysis. For maritime aerosol background, the assimilation of VIIRS and the use of VIIRS from NOAA20 as an anchor reduce the analysis AOD values compared to MODIS-based experiments, in which the analysis values were too high due to the positive bias of MODIS/TERRA over ocean. Over land, the assimilation of VIIRS induces a large increase in the analysis over biomass burning regions where VIIRS shows larger AOD than MODIS. For dust source regions, the analysis is reduced when VIIRS is assimilated on top of or in place of MODIS, particularly over the Sahara, Arabian Peninsula and few places in Asia in the July-August period. The assimilation of VIIRS leads to an overall reduction of the bias in AOD analysis evaluated against AERONET measurements with the largest bias reduction over Europe, desert, and maritime sites.
Acquiring high-resolution wind measurements by modifying radiosonde sounding procedures
Authors: Faber Jens , Gerding Michael , Köpnick Torsten
Published: March 2023

Abstract. High-resolved wind measurements are crucial for the understanding of dynamic processes in the atmosphere. In the troposphere and lower stratosphere, radiosondes provide a good spatial resolution of a few meters, but the wind data are usually low-pass filtered by the manufacturer in order to suppress disturbances caused by spurious motions of the sonde. As an example, the filter within the standard processing of Vaisala radiosondes becomes effective at vertical scales below 300 m for an ascent rate of 5 ms-1. We describe a method for increasing the usable resolution of radiosonde wind measurements. The main ideas are to avoid self-induced motions of the balloon by keeping it in the sub-critical Reynolds number range, to avoid typical pendulum motions of 15 s period by using a shorter rope, and to use data from a descending balloon in order to avoid disturbances from the wake of the balloon on temperature and humidity measurements due to the decreased rope length. We demonstrate that our changes in hardware and software allow for artifact free wind data down to scales of 50 m, while remaining disturbances on even smaller scales are removed. Accordingly, the usable resolution of the wind data has been increased by a factor of six compared to the standard data output at comparatively low cost.
ENSO statistics, teleconnections, and atmosphere-ocean coupling in the Taiwan Earth System Model version 1
Authors: Wang Yi-Chi , Tseng Wan-Ling , Chen Yu-Luen , Lee Shi-Yu , Hsu Huang-Hsiung , Liang Hsin-Chien
Published: March 2023

Abstract. This study provides an overview of the fundamental statistics and features of the El Niño Southern Oscillation (ENSO) in the historical simulations of the Taiwan Earth System Model version 1 (TaiESM1). Compared with observations, TaiESM1 can reproduce the fundamental features of observed ENSO signals, including seasonal phasing, thermocline coupling with winds, and atmospheric teleconnection during El Niño events. However, its ENSO response is approximately two times stronger than the observance in the spectrum, resulting in powerful teleconnection signals. The composite of El Niño events shows a strong westerly anomaly extending fast to the east Pacific in the initial stage in March, April, and May, initiating a warm sea surface temperature anomaly (SSTA) there. This warm SSTA maintains through September, October, and November (SON) and gradually diminishes after peaking in December. Analysis of wind stress-SST and heat flux-SST coupling proposes that biased positive SST-shortwave feedback contributes significantly to the strong warm anomaly over the eastern Pacific, especially in SON. Our analysis demonstrates TaiESM1’s capability of simulating ENSO—a significant tropical climate variation on interannual scales with strong global impacts and provides insights into mechanisms in TaiESM1 related to ENSO biases, laying the foundation for future model development to reduce uncertainties in TaiESM1 and climate models in general.
Influence of bank slope on sinuosity-driven hyporheic exchange flow and residence time distribution during a dynamic flood event
Authors: Li Yiming , Schneidewind Uwe , Wen Zhang , Krause Stefan , Liu Hui
Published: March 2023

Abstract. This study uses a reduced-order two-dimensional (2-D) horizontal model to investigate the influence of riverbank slope on the bank storage and sinuosity-driven hyporheic exchange flux (HEF) along sloping alluvial riverbanks during a transient flood event. The Deformed Geometry Method (DGM) is applied to quantify the displacement of the sediment-water interface (SWI) along the sloping riverbank during river stage fluctuation. This new model approach serves as the initial step to consider complicated floodplain morphologies in physics-based models for better predictions of HEF. Several controlling factors, including sinuosity, alluvial valley slope, and river flow advective forcing and duration of flow are incorporated in the model to investigate the effects of bank slope in aquifers of variable hydraulic transmissivity. Compared to simulations of a vertical riverbank, sloping riverbanks were found to increase the HEF. For sloping riverbanks, the hyporheic zone (HZ) encompassed a larger area and penetrated deeper into the alluvial aquifer, especially in aquifers with smaller transmissivity (i.e., larger aquifer hydraulic conductivity or smaller specific yield). Furthermore, consideration of sloping banks as compared to a vertical river bank can lead to both underestimation or overestimation of the pore water residence time. The impact of bank slope on residence time was more pronounced during a flood event for high transmissivity aquifer conditions, while it had a long-lasting influence after the flood event in lower transmissivity aquifers. Consequently, this decreases the residence time of HEF relative to the base flow condition. These findings highlight the need for (re)consideration of the importance of more complex riverbank morphology as control of hyporheic exchange in alluvial aquifers. The results have potential implications for river management and restoration and the management of river and groundwater pollution.
Insights from General Complexity Evolution for Our Current Situation
Authors: LePoire David J.
Published: March 2023

Will the pace of change in our global technological society continue to accelerate? Or will it follow the path of most previous technological waves, which slowed down as they matured? The purpose of this paper is to explore how historical general evolutionary processes involving increased energy flows and corresponding higher complexity levels might have contributed to the global problems we face today with regard to energy, environmental, inequality, and demographics. This situation will be compared with various integrated complexity evolutionary models of three major phases in evolution (life, humans, and civilization). While natural ecosystems seem to have both positive and negative feedback mechanisms to prevent the onset of senescence, the current economic system seems to have avoided constraints to enter a positive feedback loop that results in unsustainable resource use and pollution. There are still many contrasting interpretations of what this means for the near future, but integrating insights from these perspectives may help us better understand these processes.
An Exploratory Study of Issues of EFL Learners in Pakistani University at Graduate Level
Authors: Tayyab Javeria , Khawaja Hisham Ul Hassan  , Akmal Farhana
Published: March 2023

This study aims to address the challenges faced by English as a Foreign Language (EFL) learners at the graduate level in Pakistani universities. Despite the importance of English language in Pakistan, EFL learners face a range of issues that impact their language proficiency and academic success. This study is qualitative and uses thematic analysis to explore the experiences of EFL learners and identify the key issues that impact their language learning. The semi structured interviews have been taken from the EFL learners. The findings of this study have important implications for EFL instruction in Pakistani universities and can inform the development of targeted interventions to support EFL learners. The study highlights the significance of finding solutions to the issues faced by EFL learners in Pakistan, especially related to speaking skills, and offers recommendations for addressing these challenges.
Reconsidering Islām and Dīn in the Medinan Qurʾan
Authors: Lindstedt Ilkka
Published: March 2023

Though the study of early Islamic identity continues to be a debated field, quite a few scholars have of late suggested that the processes of articulating a clear-cut identity distinct from those of other faiths were complex and took some time, with the year 700 CE or thereabouts often offered as a possible date for the parting of the ways between Muslims, on the one hand, and other religious communities, on the other. Related to the issue of dating is the question of group nomenclature: what did the Arabian believers call themselves, what were they called by outsiders, and how did the different naming practices affect their possible sense of distinctiveness? This article deals with the words islām, muslimūn, and dīn in the late layers of the Qurʾan and in the post-Qurʾanic evidence. I argue that in the Qurʾan, the word al-islām never specifies or names the religion of the believers and that the Qurʾanic word (al-)dīn is most naturally to be understood as “law” or “judgment,” depending on the context, rather than “religion.” Surveying the dated post-Qurʾanic documentary record, I suggest that the appearance of the reified sense of a distinct religion called Islam and its followers, called Muslims, should be dated no earlier than the early second/eighth century. Moreover, scholars have recently taken up the possibility of postprophetic additions in the Qurʾan, suggesting that verses such as 3:19 and 5:3 might contain such interpolations. However, my interpretation of the verses calls this suggestion into question.
A Composite Index for Sustainable Development: Measurement and Development Status of Selected Countries
Authors: Ahmad Aniqa , Anwar Sofia
Published: March 2023

Measuring and comparing development status among countries has long been a difficult task in economic analyses. Development analyses incorporating several aspects of sustainability are one of the most discussed concepts. The present study attempts to assess and measure the development status of various countries by developing a composite index for sustainable development. The measure comprises three sub-indices for economic, social, and environmental dimensions. For this purpose, separate sub-indices for economic, social, and environmental sustainability are designed and constructed to formulate a composite index for sustainable development. The study employs panel data to estimate the state of 140 countries for 1995-2020, taken from the World Bank. The sample includes 46 developed and 94 developing countries. The study utilized standard IMF index-construction methodology. The data is normalized by using the min-max method, and then the principal component analysis is applied for weighting selected variables. Finally, all weighted variables are aggregated to form up concerned indices. Selected countries were ranked based on their score obtained in all three dimensions and for the composite index. The study's findings highlighted high-income countries better in economic sustainability performance with greater environmental degradation. While low-income countries are also the lowest in economic sustainability, having lesser environmental damage. There are mixed results for social sustainability. The study recommends improvements in the economic and social dimensions of sustainability while maintaining environmental standards.
Improving Students’ Skills in Writing Descriptive Texts by Using Digital Photographs
Authors: Maming Khadijah , Rahman Ali Wira , Patintingan Amir , Anggraini Devy
Published: March 2023

In English Learning Teaching (ELT), digital photographs are considered a compelling visual medium to help students write English texts. A writing skill is a capacity to convert ideas into complete, comprehensive and understandable sentences that may be used to convey those ideas to the reader effectively. The purpose of this research is to find out whether using digital photographs can improve students’ skills in writing descriptive texts or not. The researchers used a descriptive quantitative pre-experimental method by applying digital pictures to teach writing descriptive text. The sample of this research consists of thirty students at SMP Negeri 1 Pangsid, South Sulawesi. The result shows that students’ writing skills increased by using digital photographs. The results are indicated by the mean value of the pretest (44,73) and the posttest (82,93). After calculating the t-test, the researchers found that the null hypothesis (H0) was rejected, and the alternative hypothesis (H1) was accepted. Using digital photographs as a teaching and learning medium can improve students’ skills n writing descriptive texts. In other words, this medium eases the students in constructing their ideas through descriptive essays.
Integrity, Pride and Love as Power in Jane Austen's Novel: Pride and Prejudice
Authors: Trihartanti Ratna , Sri Dewiyanti  , Syukri Muhammad Yazidus , Yuliah Siti
Published: March 2023

This study aims to find out that relative power (P) variables are not only social status, age, education and wealth. Another aim is to show that negative politeness strategies do not always belong to someone with higher social power. Relative power is one element of social variables that decides politeness strategies. Pride and Prejudice reveal that integrity, pride and love are also variables of relative power. They can also prove that though someone’s social status is not high and her social distance from another participant is asymmetric, she could have power over someone with higher social status. Power characterized by integrity, pride, belief, and freedom from being dominated is called personal power; meanwhile, it is a power determined by a good personality, attractive physical appearance, and referent power. This study uses a qualitative method, and the data is mainly from Pride and Prejudice. The main character of Pride and Prejudice shows us that integrity, pride, and love could be the variables of power deriving from Personal and Referent power. Those powers could develop and deepen relative power in social variables to be applied in politeness studies.
AUTOMATIC MODULATION CLASSIFICATION: CUMULANT APPROACH
Authors:   JSC «Central Research Institute  of Radio Engineering named after  аcademician A.I. Berg», Kurbanaliev V.C. , Gorbunov Yu.N. ,   FIRE them. V.A. Kotelnikova
Published: March 2023

The article describes the apparatus for determining the types of modulation based on cumulants. A new approach based on cumulants up to the eighth order is considered. The rationale for the use of the cumulant method is given. The results of the application of artificial neural networks in the task of automating the detection of signs of intrapulse modulation for the identification (classification) of signals are presented. A mathematical model of characteristic types of modulation used in radar and communications has been developed. The main properties of each type of signals are described and a method is proposed that allows one to determine the type of modulation based on the calculation of informative features. The simulation was carried out in Matlab/Simulink.
ANTENNA ASSEMBLY WITH THE IMPROVED CHARACTERISTICS ON THE BASIS OF THE ANTENNA OF LONGITUDINAL RADIATION THROUGH THE DIELECTRIC OPEN WAVE GUIDE
Authors:   JSC «Central Research Institute  of Radio Engineering named after  аcademician A.I. Berg», Hodunov V.A. , Chalkina T.A. ,   JSC «Central Research Institute  of Radio Engineering named after  аcademician A.I. Berg», Snytko E.M. ,   JSC «Central Research Institute  of Radio Engineering named after  аcademician A.I. Berg»
Published: March 2023

Results of work on upgrade of antenna assemblies of the equipment of setting of noises of the REB equipment of high-speed aircraft are presented in article. As a result of the carried-out upgrade the antenna assembly surpassing applied with the improved electroresponse and constructive characteristics, executed completely on domestic materials is developed.
The use of vibration finishing in the preparation of surfaces of parts made of aluminum-magnesium alloys in conditions of small-scale and mass production
Authors:   JSC «Central Research Institute  of Radio Engineering named after  аcademician A.I. Berg», Kryukov A.V. , Volkov A.V. ,   JSC «Central Research Institute  of Radio Engineering named after  аcademician A.I. Berg», Sharygina Y.G. ,   JSC «Central Research Institute  of Radio Engineering named after  аcademician A.I. Berg»
Published: March 2023

The tumbling process is considered from the point of view of its technology on the basis of the experimental data obtained in the production workshops of JSC "TsNIRTI im. Academician A.I. Berg". The types of finishing equipment are analyzed taking into account the efficiency of the technological operation of finishing, depending on the material used and processing modes. The optimal modes are determined depending on the processing of parts made of aluminum alloys of the Al–Mg system, taking into account the requirements of regulatory documents [2]. The surface roughness of the base metal should be no more than Ra 10 (Rz 40) – for protective coatings and Ra 1.25 (Rz 6.3) – for solid and electrically insulating anodic oxide coatings. The surface of the parts after machining should be free of a visible layer of lubricant or emulsion, metal chips, burrs, dust and corrosion products without the introduction of particles of foreign material [2].
Correlation of kinesiophobia with postpartum depression in females with lumbo-pelvic pain
Authors:   Akhtar Saeed Medical and Dental College Lahore, Pakistan, Saeed Sameen , Hassan Zainab ,   Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iran (TUMS), Altaf Shafaq ,   Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, Shifa Tameer-e-Millat University, Islamabad Pakistan, Asad Farwa ,   Riphah International University Lahore Pakistan, Ashraf Faisal ,   Department of Gynae and Obs, Jinnah Hospital Lahore, Pakistan
Published: March 2023

Background:Lumbopelvic pain (LPP) is common during pregnancy associated with postpartum depressive symptoms. These negatively affect maternal health and behavior, such as exercise and physical activity ultimately leads to kinesiophobia. Objective: To determine the association of kinesiophobia with postpartum depression in females with lumbo-pelvic pain. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted on 89 postpartum women with lumbo-pelvic pain within six months of delivery in Jinnah Hospital, Lahore. Nonprobability convenience sampling was used to collect the data. Females presenting with lumbo-pelvic pain were selected on the basis of inclusion and exclusion criteria. Lumbo-pelvic pain severity, kinesiophobia and depression were measured by Visual Analogue Scale, Tampa Scale and Zung Self Rating Depression Scale, respectively. Pearson correlation was used to determine the correlation between kinesiophobia and depression. Results: The mean age of participants was 29.14 + 3.28 years. The mean pain score of lumbosacral pain was 1.989, Kinesiophobia was 47.5169 and depression was 60.2247. There was significant strong positive correlation (r=0.786, p<0.001) between Kinesiophobia and postpartum depression among female having lumbosacral pain. Conclusion: There was strong association of kinesiophobia with postpartum depression in females with lumbo-pelvic pain Key words: Depression, kinesiophobia, lumbo-pelvic pain, pregnancy
Knowledge, attitude and practice behavior regarding blood pressure among physical therapists of twin cities
Authors:   Faculty of Rehabilitation & Allied Health Sciences. Riphah International University Islamabad, Pakistan, Obaid Sumaiyah , Sana Ayesha ,   Armed Forces Institute of Cardiology and National Institute of Heart Diseases (AFIC-NIHD). Islamabad, Pakistan, Saleem Mahrukh ,   Pakistan Railway Hospital Rawalpindi, Pakistan, Ahmed Hina ,   Pakistan Railway Hospital Rawalpindi, Pakistan, Kiani Sania ,   Faculty of Rehabilitation & Allied Health Sciences. Riphah International University Islamabad, Pakistan, Shamshad Muniba ,   Institute of Health and Management Sciences, Islamabad, Pakistan
Published: March 2023

Background: Blood pressure (BP) monitoring has a very crucial role in physical therapy for accurate evaluation and re-evaluation of the patient, otherwise it can lead to inaccurate clinical decision making and the patient may be falsely diagnosed. It is an important cardinal sign that cannot be neglected in making clinical decision, may put the individual to a greater risk of cardiovascular and other health problems. Objective: to explore the knowledge, attitude, and practice behavior regarding BP among physical therapists (PT) of twin cities. Methods: A cross sectional study was conducted in 6 months, from January 2019 to June 2019 in different hospitals of Islamabad and Rawalpindi. The data was collected from n=296 PT of twin cities after obtaining the written consent. The data of knowledge, attitude and practice behaviors towards BP was collected by semi structured questionnaire. The results were presented in table and graph while description was given as Mean ± SD and f (%). Results: The mean age of study participants was 28.4±3.71 years. The overall mean score of knowledge (4.27±3.05) showed that n=159(53.72%) participants in the study have poor knowledge about the information related to BP. While attitude score (19.74±.2.29) showed that majority of the sample n=179(60.47%) have positive attitude towards the importance of BP evaluation during assessment, management and educating the patient. While observing the behaviour, mean score (14.55±4.78) showed that physical therapist has acceptable behaviour towards the BP measurement. But frequency distribution showed that n=160(54.05%) physical therapist has poor behaviour towards BP measurement during their practice. Conclusion: The knowledge and practice behavior regarding the BP assessment and evaluation among the physical therapist is very poor, while their attitude is positive towards the importance of BP evaluation during assessment, management and educating the patients. Keywords: Blood pressure, inpatient clinic, outpatient clinic, physical therapy.
Correlation of mobile phone usage on grip strength, disabilities and posture in young adults
Authors:   Sahara University Narowal, Pakistan, Bashir Ujala , Noor Rabiya ,   Faculty of Rehabilitation and Allied Health Sciences, Department of physiotherapy, Riphah international university, Lahore, Pakistan, Shoukat Halima ,   College of Physical Therapy, Government College University Faisalabad, Pakistan, Ali Muhammad Luqman ,   District Head Quarter Hospital Lodhran Pakistan, Javed Muhamad Taha ,   Times institute Multan, Pakistan, Hassan Zainab x ,   Riphah University Lahore, Pakistan
Published: March 2023

Background: The musculoskeletal issues are now common in excessive use of mobile phone for communication, gamming and socialization on internet. The excessive use of mobile phone may decrease the muscle strength and lead to poor posture ultimately functional impairment related to upper extremity. Objective: to determine correlation among duration of mobile phone usage, neck posture, disabilities and hand grip strength. Methods: A correlational cross sectional study was done at Riphah International University Lahore from March 2020 to February 2021. The target population was male and female young students of 18 to 24 years, used mobile phone more than 6 hours in a day. A total of n=400 subjectsarticipated in the study in which n=235 were females and n=165 were males. The information was gathered using the DASH Questionnaire to identify upper limb problems, the photogrammetry method to determine the cervical angle, and a dynamometer to determine the strength of each hand's grasp. The pearson product-moment correlation coefficient was done by using SPSS version 21. Result: The mean age of the study participant was 20.99±2.34 years. A total of n=165(41.25%) were male and remaining n=235 were female participated in the study. Increase use of mobile had negative significant small correlation with degree of cervical angle (p=0.04), right hand grip strength (p=0.01) and positive significant small correlation with DASH score (0.01). While no significant correlation between daily use of mobile phone and left hand grip strength Conclusion: The study concluded that as the duration of mobile phone usage increased, the forward head posture and disabilities of the upper limb also increased. But the grip strength of right hand decreased as the mobile phone duration is increased. Key words: Correlation, disabilities, female, grip strength, mobile phone, male, posture.
Effect of Kegel exercises on distress symptom and quality of life in elderly Pakistani female with urinary incontinence- a randomized control trial
Authors:   Faculty of Pharmacy & Allied Health Sciences, University of Sialkot, Pakistan, Aftab Anam , Altaf Shafaq ,   Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, Shifa Tameer-e-Millat University, Islamabad Pakistan, Ramzan Muhammad ,   Isra Institute of Rehabilitation Sciences, Isra University Islamabad Pakistan, Omer Aadil ,   Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran, Abid Noor ,   Isra Institute of Rehabilitation Sciences, Isra University Islamabad Pakistan, Azfar Hanan ,   Bhatti Hospital Gujranwala Pakistan
Published: March 2023

Background: The stress urinary incontinence was the reason the affected women experienced anxiety and depression. the more severe the symptoms of stress urinary incontinence were, the more negative impact to aspects of quality of life was seen. Objective: To determine the effects of Kegel exercises on distress symptom and quality of life in elderly Pakistani female patients with stress urinary incontinence. Methodology: A single-blinded, randomized control trial was conducted on n=50 female patients having stress urinary incontinence at department of physiotherapy, Haleema Siraj Hospital Rawalpindi from January 2021 to June 2022. The participants with the age above 55 years were recruited through non-probability convenient sampling technique and divided into experimental and control group; n=25 participants in each group. The experimental group received Kegel exercise as an intervention for three months and 3-4 time/day. While control groups didn’t received any intervention but continue the regular medicines. Both groups was evaluated pre and post interventionally (after 3-months) by using urinary distress inventory (UDI) for distress symptoms and incontinence impact questionnaire (IIQ) for quality of life. SPSS version 21 was used for data analysis. Independent t-test was used for between group comparisons of mean differences. Results: The mean age of the study participants was 65.00±8.90 years. Between group analysis, showed that symptom distress {MD=16.21, 95%CI (3.10 to 14.55) on urinary distress inventory (short Form), and life quality {MD=8.83, 95%CI (3.10 to 14.55) on incontinence impact questionnaire significantly greater in experimental group as compared to the control group. Conclusion: Kegel exercises significantly improved distress symptoms and quality of life in females with stress incontinence. Keywords: Elderly, incontinence, Kegel exercises, stress incontinence.