bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Waking Up
Authors: Ragland C. P.
Published: September 2018

Three motifs from Plato's Republic are summarized and related to contemporary consumer culture: the allegory of the cave, the three-part model of the soul, and the discussion of wage-earning. Reflection on these motifs supports the anti-consumerist educational program called for by Pope Francis in his environmental encyclical Laudato Si. Studying Plato can encourage people to think of consumerism as a waking dream, and to identify with their rational, altruistic desires. Such identification discourages thoughtless, environmentally destructive consumption.
Guns in School
Authors: Wallace Lacey Nicole
Published: September 2018

This chapter examines weapon carrying by teachers and students in K-12 schools. Most of the chapter focuses on juveniles, exploring how often juveniles bring weapons to school, the demographic characteristics these juveniles have in common, and why juveniles opt to bring weapons on school grounds. Empirical studies of these topics based on official data, victimization data, and self-report data are reviewed. Additionally, this chapter details the federal and state laws that regulate weapons on school property. Attention is also given to the recent debate over arming K-12 teachers and staff as a prevention measure. Like the discussion of juvenile gun carrying, this chapter highlights the law regulating this issue, arguments for and against such a policy, and the empirical research assessing effects.
Racialized Perceptions of School Violence Suspensions of African-American Students
Authors: Herron Jeffrey , Young-Alfaro Morghan Vélez
Published: September 2018

The history and current practices of out-of-school suspensions significantly impact African-American students; research shows the practices to be overly used and target African-American students. This chapter explores the ways that school violence is responded to disproportionally and is entangled with racial mythology. That is, racial discrimination shows up in structural and interpersonal ways such as suspending and expelling students of Color for the same infractions for which White peers get to return to class such as kicking a trashcan, defiance, and truancies. The chapter closes with recommendations for educators and policymakers, focusing on ways to mitigate the impact of out-of-school suspension practices and racial discrimination in order to improve the future of learning, school discipline, and outcomes of African-American students.
Emergency Management and Communication Improvements
Authors: Kerr Selina E. M.
Published: September 2018

“Active shooter” events are amongst the most dangerous an educational institution can face. Planning for emergencies like this can, to some extent, mitigate the level of harm faced. Using the two cases of shootings at Columbine High School and Virginia Tech University, this chapter exemplifies how these incidents highlighted flaws in emergency management planning, training, and communication. Also discussed are the advances in law enforcement tactics following the Columbine shooting. The policy responses to improve emergency management planning, training, and communication are discussed. The work of school safety foundation, I Love U Guys, and smartphone application, LiveSafe, is detailed in relation to ongoing developments in planning for emergencies and communicating threats to the affected populations.
From Point A to Point B
Authors: Rearden Kristin T.
Published: September 2018

Designing lessons based on knowledge of students, curricula, assessments, and instructional strategies is critical for effective instruction. Diagnostic assessments can inform teachers about what students know and what they think they know, while formative assessments provide pertaining to progress that students are making during and immediately after a lesson that is acted upon. This data can be derived from both teacher-based sources and students' self-assessments. Strategies for assessing integrated science and literacy lessons can target practices common to both subjects. With an accurate roadmap of where students are starting and where they should be by the end of a lesson, both teachers and students will be equipped for the learning journey.
America's Ancient Teachers
Authors: Honeycutt Scott R.
Published: September 2018

Over the past 200 years, most of the forestland growing in the eastern United States has at one time been logged for timber, cultivated for agriculture, or developed into urban and suburban spaces. Though millions of wooded acres still exist in national forests, parks, and preserves, very little of that land should be considered undisturbed or old-growth. Given these realities, it may be surprising to learn that pockets of old trees, or groves, still survive near American suburbs. This chapter argues that the responsibility of forging a relationship between students and nature should not be the charter of one discipline; instead, teachers should work in concert through combined interdisciplinary efforts. In secondary schools, the most organic teaming for nature study are the biology and English departments. This chapter provides specific locations for teachers and students to discover and offers practical and inspiring assignments to help students develop of love for America's ancient woods.
Low-Prep STEM Activities That Make a Big Impact in the ELA Classroom
Authors: Bible Ashley
Published: September 2018

This chapter will inspire English teachers to independently integrate low-prep science, technology, engineering, and math (STEM) activities into their English language arts (ELA) classrooms. It will discuss how STEM projects can ignite engagement to the classics and build excitement for challenging texts. This chapter will offer multiple ideas for STEM integration in the ELA classroom. The ideas, which can be adapted for any text, are meant to inspire teachers to look for science and engineering concepts in literature.
Aquaponics Project-Based Learning at the Secondary School Level
Authors: Hopkins M. Beth , McKinney Hannah Twana , Saam Susan , Ball G. Edward , Murr Lauren , Smith Andrea , Tolliver Bob
Published: September 2018

Authentic learning is a powerful means of creating a reason for why the information being learned is important to the older student. Situational interest stems from being stimulated by new things. However, as children grow mentally and emotionally, situational interest is replaced by individual interest. As educators, we often focus on the situational interest to quickly focus our students, but it is the individual interest that makes the learning applicable to the student that is most needed by secondary students. Authentic learning bridges these two interests. It is the purpose of this chapter to present ideas of project-based learning in the authors' secondary school that addresses the “need to know” through cross-curricular instruction and authentic learning.
Analytical and Calibration Models for Slot Antennas
Authors: You Kok Yeow
Published: September 2018

In this chapter, the background, analytical formulations, and calibration routines for slot antennas are briefly reviewed. Performance and operating frequency of the slot antenna are strongly dependent on the dimension and shape of the slot or slotted array on the antenna. Nowadays, most antennas are designed using numerical simulation software for accuracy in analysis. However, analytical formulations still play an important role in the pre-design of the antenna due to the numerical simulation which still requires relatively long period of computation time compared to the analytical calculation. The predicted dimension of the antenna from analytical calculations will only require minor adjustment to optimize its performance in numerical simulation. Hence, the time spent for the antenna design can be shortened. Besides the performance of antenna, the antenna calibration process is crucial as well for releasing systematic errors in the antenna measurements. Some one-port calibration methods are described in detail.
Túnidos tropicales: calentamiento global y seguridad alimentaria, una visión global
Authors: Báez José Carlos , Pascual Alayón Pedro , Ramos Mª Lourdes , Abascal Francisco J.
Published: September 2018

El término ‘túnido tropical’ se refiere a un grupo de especies de peces escombriformes que incluye al listado o barrilete (Katsuwonus pelamis), el patudo (Thunnus obesus) y el rabil (Thunnus albacares), que presentan una amplia distribución pantropical, y cuyo óptimo de temperatura superficial del agua del mar en el que habitan se sitúa en torno a los 20°C. Actualmente, dos de estas especies se encuentran entre las 7 especies con mayores volúmenes de desembarque a nivel mundial. Se prevé que en el futuro los stocks de túnidos tropicales jueguen un papel fundamental para salvaguardar la seguridad alimentaria. El objetivo de este trabajo fue presentar los principales retos de la biología pesquera en relación a la gestión de las poblaciones de túnidos tropicales en un contexto de cambio climático. Para esto se revisaron los estudios que se han abordado hasta el presente sobre el efecto tanto de las oscilaciones climáticas, como del calentamiento global en las poblaciones de túnidos tropicales.
Variaciones estacionales de la comunidad de quitones (Mollusca: Polyplacophora) en una zona intermareal rocosa del sur del Golfo de México
Authors: Sanvicente-Añorve Laura , Rodríguez-Vázquez Rodrigo , Lemus Santana Elia , Latorre-Mendieta Miguel A. , Reguero Martha
Published: September 2018

La costa sur del Golfo de México es típicamente una llanura costera que alterna con salientes rocosas. Este estudio tuvo como objetivo comparar la estructura comunitaria de los quitones del litoral rocoso de Montepío, durante los períodos meteorológicos de secas y nortes y proporcionar datos sobre el crecimiento relativo de las especies dominantes. Se muestreó sobre un transecto de 100 x 2 m en la zona intermareal y se recolectaron 83 individuos. Se identificaron 6 especies: Lepidochitona rosea, Chaetopleura apiculata, Ischnochiton kaasi, Lepidochitona pseudoliozonis, Lepidochitona liozonis y Acanthochitona andersoni. Las 2 épocas fueron muy similares en riqueza de especies (S= 4) y diversidad de Shannon (1,36 y 1,29 bits ind-1 en secas y nortes); sin embargo, solo 2 especies ocurrieron en ambos períodos, lo que indica un fuerte recambio estacional de especies (50%). Esta dinámica estacional se debería a la discontinuidad del sustrato rocoso, que no permitiría una recuperación rápida de las poblaciones después del impacto de los nortes. La densidad de organismos fue baja (< 2,50 ind. 10 m-2) debido a 2 factores: la marea diurna, que induce a los individuos a 12 h de exposición al aire, y la baja salinidad, debida a la cercanía a dos ríos. El crecimiento relativo de las especies dominantes (L. rosea y C. apiculata) fue isométrico para la relación largo vs. ancho y alométrico negativo para la relación largo vs. altura. En el sur del Golfo de México, sitios como Montepío podrían funcionar como oasis marinos para habitantes obligados de sustratos duros.
Variación estacional y nictímera en la distribución del zooplancton dominante en una laguna costera tropical
Authors: Mecalco-Hernández Ángeles , Castillo-Rivera Manuel Arnoldo , Sanvicente-Añorve Laura , Flores-Coto César , Álvarez-Silva Carlos
Published: September 2018

El zooplancton dominante de la laguna La Mancha, Veracruz, México, fue analizado con el objetivo de evaluar su variabilidad estacional y nictímera, así como la influencia que sobre él ejercen las principales variables ambientales. De mayo 2012 a abril 2013, cada mes se realizó un ciclo de 24 h, tomando muestras cada 4 h, en la boca de la laguna. Simultáneamente a la toma de muestras de zooplancton, se registraron parámetros ambientales in situ como la temperatura, oxígeno disuelto, salinidad, clorofila a y número de células fitoplanctónicas. Se capturaron 54 taxa (principalmente del holoplancton) y 10 de ellos fueron considerados dominantes (abundancia total > 0,5%). La comunidad estuvo dominada por dos especies de copépodos (Acartia tonsa y Pseudodiaptomus pelagicus), así como por larvas zoea de braquiuros (~85%). La abundancia total del zooplancton mostró pulsos significativos a lo largo del año, uno en febreromarzo dominado por copépodos y otro en septiembre-octubre, dominado por larvas de decápodos. A pesar de que la abundancia total del zooplancton fue mayor en la noche, sólo P. pelagicus, anfípodos, megalopas y otras larvas de decápodo fueron significativos durante este período. De acuerdo con un Análisis de Correspondencia Canónica, el estado de la boca (abierta/cerrada), número de cianofitas y precipitación fueron los factores ambientales más importantes en la determinación de la abundancia del zooplancton dominante
Uso de organismos intermareales del litoral rocoso como bio-indicadores de deformación continental cosísmica en el centro sur de Chile
Authors: López Pamela , Jaramillo Eduardo
Published: September 2018

El 27 de febrero de 2010, la zona centro-sur de Chile (ca., 34-39°S) fue afectada por un terremoto de magnitud Mw= 8,8, localizándose el epicentro en Cobquecura (ca., 36°S), causando un levantamiento continental en las costas más cercanas a la fosa (i.e., Península de Arauco e Isla Santa María) y subsidencia en áreas costeras localizadas al norte de esas costas (Región del Maule). En este estudio se evaluó la hipótesis de que independientemente del grupo taxonómico, los organismos bentónicos intermareales adheridos al sustrato pueden ser utilizados como indicadores de levantamiento cosísmico continental. La metodología consistió en medir la altura del límite superior de las bandas de distribución de cada especie sobre el nivel de marea baja, a lo largo de la costa afectada por el terremoto. El alga calcárea Lithothamnium sp., el mitílido Perumytilus purpuratus y las macroalgas Mazzaella laminarioides y Lessonia spicata, son organismos bentónicos apropiados para describir el levantamiento continental cosísmico. Se sugiere que en estudios tendientes a evaluar este tipo de procesos tectónicos, se utilice más de una especie para tener una visión completa de tal proceso a lo largo de gradientes de deformación continental. Esto ya que, parte importante de las especies bentónicas de la costa rocosa no tienen distribución continúa, por lo que el uso de una sola especie puede resultar en conclusiones con bajo nivel de generalización.
The climate effects of increasing ocean albedo: an idealized representation of solar geoengineering
Authors: Kravitz Ben , Rasch Philip J. , Wang Hailong , Robock Alan , Gabriel Corey , Boucher Olivier , Cole Jason N. S. , Haywood Jim , Ji Duoying , Jones Andy , Lenton Andrew , Moore John C. , Muri Helene , Niemeier Ulrike , Phipps Steven , Schmidt Hauke , Watanabe Shingo , Yang Shuting , Yoon Jin-Ho
Published: September 2018

Abstract. Geoengineering, or climate intervention, describes methods of deliberately
altering the climate system to offset anthropogenic climate change. As an
idealized representation of near-surface solar geoengineering over the ocean,
such as marine cloud brightening, this paper discusses experiment
G1ocean-albedo of the Geoengineering Model Intercomparison Project (GeoMIP),
involving an abrupt quadrupling of the CO2 concentration and an
instantaneous increase in ocean albedo to maintain approximate net
top-of-atmosphere radiative flux balance. A total of 11 Earth system models are
relatively consistent in their temperature, radiative flux, and hydrological
cycle responses to this experiment. Due to the imposed forcing, air over the
land surface warms by a model average of 1.14 K, while air over most of the
ocean cools. Some parts of the near-surface air temperature over ocean warm
due to heat transport from land to ocean. These changes generally resolve
within a few years, indicating that changes in ocean heat content play at
most a small role in the warming over the oceans. The hydrological cycle
response is a general slowing down, with high heterogeneity in the response,
particularly in the tropics. While idealized, these results have important
implications for marine cloud brightening, or other methods of geoengineering
involving spatially heterogeneous forcing, or other general forcings with a
strong land–ocean contrast. It also reinforces previous findings that keeping
top-of-atmosphere net radiative flux constant is not sufficient for
preventing changes in global mean temperature.
Seasonal study of stable carbon and nitrogen isotopic composition in fine aerosols at a Central European rural background station
Authors: Vodička Petr , Kawamura Kimitaka , Schwarz Jaroslav , Kunwar Bhagawati , Ždímal Vladimír
Published: September 2018

Abstract. Determinations of stable carbon isotope ratios (δ13C) of total carbon (TC) and nitrogen isotope ratios (δ15N) of total nitrogen (TN) were carried out for fine aerosol particles (PM1) collected on a daily basis at a rural background site in Košetice (Central Europe) between 27 September 2013 and 9 August 2014 (n = 146). We found a seasonal pattern for both δ13C and δ15N. The seasonal variation in δ15N was more pronounced, with 15N-depleted values (av. 13.1 ± 4.5 ‰) in winter and 15N-enriched values (25.0 ± 1.6 ‰) in summer. Autumn and spring are transition periods when the isotopic composition gradually changed due to different sources and the ambient temperature. The seasonal variation in δ13C was less pronounced but more depleted in 13C in summer (−27.8 ± 0.4 ‰) compared to winter (−26.7 ± 0.5 ‰). Major controls of the seasonal dependencies were found based on a comparative analysis with water-soluble ions, organic carbon, elemental carbon, trace gases and meteorological parameters (mainly ambient temperature). A comparison of δ15N with NO3−, NH4+ and organic nitrogen (OrgN) revealed that although a higher content of NO3− was associated with a decrease in δ15N values in TN, NH4+ and OrgN had the opposite influences. The highest concentrations of nitrate, mainly represented by NH4NO3, originated from the emissions from biomass burning, leading to lower δ15N values of approximately 14 ‰ in winter. During spring, the percentage of NO3− in PM1 decreased, and 15N enrichment was probably driven by equilibrium exchange between the gas and aerosol phases (NH3(g) ↔ NH4+(p)) as supported by the increased ambient temperature. This equilibrium was suppressed in early summer when the NH4+/SO42− molar ratios reached 2, and nitrate partitioning in aerosol was negligible. During summer, kinetic reactions probably were the primary processes as opposed to gas-aerosol equilibrium on a nitrogen level. However, summertime δ15N values were some of the highest observed, probably suggesting the aging of ammonium sulfate and OrgN aerosols. Such aged aerosols can be coated by organics in which 13C enrichment takes place by photooxidation process. This result was supported by the positive correlation of δ13C with temperature and ozone, as observed in the summer season. During winter, we observed an event with the lowest δ15N and highest δ13C values. The winter Event was connected with prevailing southeast winds. Although higher δ13C values probably originated from biomass burning particles, the lowest δ15N values were associated with agriculture emissions of NH3 under low temperature conditions that were below 0 °C.
Characterisation of the melting layer variability in an Alpine valley based on polarimetric X-band radar scans
Authors: van den Heuvel Floor , Gabella Marco , Germann Urs , Berne Alexis
Published: September 2018

Abstract. The melting layer designates the transition region from solid to liquid
precipitation, and is a typical feature of the vertical structure of
stratiform precipitation. As it is characterised by a well-known signature in
polarimetric radar variables, it can be identified by automatic detection
algorithms. Though often assumed to be uniform in space and time for
applications such as vertical profile correction, the spatial variability of
the melting layer remains poorly documented. This work aims to
characterise and quantify the spatial and temporal variability of the melting
layer using a method based on the Fourier transform, which is applied to
high-resolution X-band polarimetric radar data from two measurement campaigns in
Switzerland. It is first demonstrated that the proposed method can accurately
and concisely describe the spatial variability of the melting layer and may
therefore be used as a tool for comparison. The method is then used to
characterise the melting layer variability in summer precipitation on the
relatively flat Swiss Plateau and in winter precipitation in a large inner
Alpine valley (the Rhone valley in the Swiss Alps). Results indicate a higher
contribution of smaller spatial scales to the total melting layer variability
in the case of the Alpine environment. The same method is also applied to data from vertical scans in order to study the temporal variability of the
melting layer. The variability in space and time is then compared to
investigate the spatio-temporal coherence of the melting layer variability in
the two study areas, which was found to be more consistent with the
assumption of pure advection for the case of the plateau.
GreenHouse gas Observations of the Stratosphere and Troposphere (GHOST): an airborne shortwave-infrared spectrometer for remote sensing of greenhouse gases
Authors: Humpage Neil , Boesch Hartmut , Palmer Paul I. , Vick Andy , Parr-Burman Phil , Wells Martyn , Pearson David , Strachan Jonathan , Bezawada Naidu
Published: September 2018

Abstract. GHOST is a novel, compact shortwave-infrared grating spectrometer, designed for remote sensing of tropospheric columns of greenhouse gases (GHGs) from an airborne platform. It observes solar radiation at medium to high spectral resolution (better than 0.3 nm), which has been reflected by the Earth's surface using similar methods to those used by polar-orbiting satellites such as the JAXA GOSAT mission, NASA's OCO-2, and the Copernicus Sentinel-5 Precursor. By using an original design comprising optical fibre inputs along with a single diffraction grating and detector array, GHOST is able to observe CO2 absorption bands centred around 1.61 and 2.06 µm (the same wavelength regions used by OCO-2 and GOSAT) whilst simultaneously measuring CH4 absorption at 1.65 µm (also observed by GOSAT) and CH4 and CO at 2.30 µm (observed by Sentinel-5P). With emissions expected to become more concentrated towards city sources as the global population residing in urban areas increases, there emerges a clear requirement to bridge the spatial scale gap between small-scale urban emission sources and global-scale GHG variations. In addition to the benefits achieved in spatial coverage through being able to remotely sense GHG tropospheric columns from an aircraft, the overlapping spectral ranges and comparable spectral resolutions mean that GHOST has unique potential for providing validation opportunities for these platforms, particularly over the ocean, where ground-based validation measurements are not available. In this paper we provide an overview of the GHOST instrument, calibration, and data processing, demonstrating the instrument's performance and suitability for GHG remote sensing. We also report on the first GHG observations made by GHOST during its maiden science flights on board the NASA Global Hawk unmanned aerial vehicle, which took place over the eastern Pacific Ocean in March 2015 as part of the CAST/ATTREX joint Global Hawk flight campaign.
Precipitation δ18O on the Himalaya-Tibet orogeny and its relationship to surface elevation
Authors: Shen Hong , Poulsen Christopher J.
Published: September 2018

Abstract. The elevation history of the Himalaya-Tibet orogen is central to understanding the evolution and dynamics of both the Indian-Asia collision and the Asian monsoons. The surface elevation history of the region is largely deduced from stable isotope (δ18O, δD) paleoaltimetry. This method is based on the observed relationship between the isotopic composition of meteoric waters (δ18Op, δDp) and surface elevation, and the assumption that precipitation undergoes Rayleigh distillation under forced ascent. Here we evaluate how elevation-induced climate change influences the δ18Op-elevation relationship and whether Rayleigh distillation is the dominant process affecting δ18Op. We use an isotope-enabled climate model, ECHAM-wiso, to show that the Rayleigh distillation process is only dominant in the monsoonal regions of the Himalayas when the mountains are high. When the orogen is lowered, local surface recycling and convective processes become important as forced ascent is weakened due to weaker Asian monsoons. As a result, the δ18Op lapse rate in the Himalayas increases from around −3 ‰/km to above −0.1 ‰/km, having little relationship with elevation. On the Tibetan Plateau, the meridional gradient of δ18O decreases from ~ 1 ‰/° to ~ 0.3 ‰/° with reduced elevation, primarily due to enhanced sub-cloud re-evaporation under lower relative humidity. Overall, we report that using δ18Op or δDp to deduce surface elevation change in the Himalaya-Tibet region has severe limitations and demonstrate that the processes that control δ18Op vary by region and with surface elevation. In sum, we determine that the application of δ18O-paleoaltimetry is only appropriate for 7 of the 50 sites from which δ18O records have been used to infer past elevations.
Downwelling surface solar irradiance in the tropical Atlantic Ocean: a comparison of re-analyses and satellite-derived data sets to PIRATA measurements
Authors: Trolliet Mélodie , Walawender Jakub P. , Bourlès Bernard , Boilley Alexandre , Trentmann Jörg , Blanc Philippe , Lefèvre Mireille , Wald Lucien
Published: September 2018

Abstract. This paper assesses the merits and drawbacks of several data sets of solar downwelling radiation received at the horizontal surface of the tropical Atlantic Ocean where the magnitude of this radiation and its spatial and temporal variability are not well known. The data sets are compared to quality-controlled measurements of hourly means of irradiance made at five buoys of the PIRATA network for the period 2012–2013. The data sets comprise the re-analyses MERRA-2 and ERA5, and three satellite-derived data sets: HelioClim-3v5, SARAH-2 and CAMS Radiation Service v2. It was found that the re-analyses MERRA-2 and ERA5 often report cloud-free conditions while the actual conditions are cloudy, yielding an overestimation of the irradiance in such cases; and reciprocally, they report actual cloud-free conditions as cloudy, yielding an underestimation. The re-analyses exhibit more bias in irradiance in cases of medium and high-level clouds than for low-level clouds. They correlate well with the hourly means of irradiance (as a whole, correlation coefficients greater than 0.85 for MERRA-2 and 0.89 for ERA5); they correlate very poorly with daily means of irradiance (coefficients of less than 0.48 and 0.59 for MERRA-2 and ERA5, respectively) and with the hourly and daily clearness indices (coefficients of less than 0.53 and 0.46 for MERRA-2 and less than 0.63 and 0.59 for ERA5). The irradiance pattern at both hourly and daily timescales is spatially distorted by re-analyses, especially for MERRA-2. The three satellite-derived data sets exhibit similar performances between them. The correlation coefficients are greater than 0.95 and 0.78 for irradiance and clearness index, respectively, in most cases for hourly values and 0.90 and 0.88, respectively, for daily values. The relative standard deviation of errors is of the order of 15 % for hourly values and 8 % for daily values. It is concluded that these data sets reproduce well the dynamics of the irradiance and clearness index at both hourly and daily timescales. They exhibit overestimation, with the lowest biases reached by the CAMS Radiation Service v2 and ranging between 11 and 37 W m−2 depending on the buoy. It is suggested that HelioClim-3v5 and CAMS Radiation Service v2 are suited for reproducing the spatial gradients of the irradiance and reflecting the spatial variability in the irradiance.
Control design, implementation, and evaluation for an in-field 500 kW wind turbine with a fixed-displacement hydraulic drivetrain
Authors: Mulders Sebastiaan Paul , Diepeveen Niels Frederik Boudewijn , van Wingerden Jan-Willem
Published: September 2018

Abstract. The business case for compact hydraulic wind turbine drivetrains is becoming
ever stronger, as offshore wind turbines are getting larger in terms of size
and power output. Hydraulic transmissions are generally employed in high-load
systems and form an opportunity for application in multi-megawatt turbines.
The Delft Offshore Turbine (DOT) is a hydraulic wind turbine concept
replacing conventional drivetrain components with a single seawater pump.
Pressurized seawater is directed to a combined Pelton
turbine connected to an electrical generator on
a central multi-megawatt electricity generation platform. This paper presents
the control design, implementation, and evaluation for an intermediate
version of the ideal DOT concept: an in-field 500 kW hydraulic wind
turbine. It is shown that the overall drivetrain efficiency and
controllability are increased by operating the rotor at maximum rotor torque
in the below-rated region using a passive torque control strategy. An active
valve control scheme is employed and evaluated in near-rated conditions.
Avaliação da função pulmonar e força muscular respiratória de dependentes químicos em tratamento
Authors: Peres Patrícia Cesar Nascimento , Cian Meirieli Jeane , Grandi Tamiris Rodrigues , Antunes Mateus Dias , Bertolini Sônia Maria Marques Gomes
Published: September 2018

Introduo: anualmente vem aumentando o nmero do uso do crack na populao brasileira. Objetivo: caracterizar o perfil da populao em tratamento no Centro de Ateno Psicossocial para lcool e outras Drogas (CAPS/AD), para uso do crack na cidade de Maring e avaliar a funo pulmonar e fora muscular respiratria desses indivduos. Mtodo: trata-se de uma pesquisa transversal, quantitativa e observacional com 15 indivduos dependentes de crack em tratamento. Foram avaliados a presena de sinais e sintomas respiratrios e hbitos pregressos, a funo pulmonar e a fora da musculatura respiratria. Resultados: dentre os resultados encontrados, 60% dos indivduos no apresentaram distrbiosventilatrios, 13,3% tiveram CVF adequado, 40,0% VEF1 adequado e o mesmo percentual com o IT tambm adequado. 66,7% tiveram PI mx e PE mx adequadas. Concluso: os resultados obtidos com a realizao desse trabalho no apresentaram alteraes significativas para a funo pulmonar e para a fora muscular respiratria da maioria dos usurios em tratamento no CAPS/AD.
Avaliação da flexibilidade de crianças com paralisia cerebral após intervenção fisioterapêutica
Authors: Espindula Ana Paula , Bevilacqua Júnior Domingos Emanuel , Ribeiro Mariane Fernandes , Lage Janaine Brandão , Mello Ednéia Corrêa de , Raizel Juliana Beatriz Espindula , Teixeira Vicente de Paula Antunes
Published: September 2018

Introduo: A fisioterapia favorece a flexibilidade e diminue a espasticidade de crianas com paralisia cerebral (PC). Objetivos: avaliar os benefcios da fisiotera - pia convencional para a flexibilidade a curto e longo prazo de crianas com PC es - pstica . Mtodos: participaram seis pacientes com PC espstica, idade de seis a 14 anos, ambos os gneros. Foram realizadas 16 sesses de fisioterapia convencional com alongamentos passivos. Para avaliao da flexibilidade, aplicou-se o Teste de Sentar e Alcanar utilizando o Banco de Wells antes e aps cada sesso. Para a anlise estatstica foi utilizado o Software Sigma-Stat verso 3.5 com significn - cia estatstica (p0,05). Resultados: houve aumento significativo da flexibilidade da cadeia muscular posterior comparando pr e ps individualmente (p0,05) e da mdia pr e ps sesses (p0,0001). Concluso: fisioterapia convencial por meio de exerccios de alongamentos passivos melhora a flexibilidade da cadeia muscular posterior de crianas com PC espstica a curto ou a longo prazo.
Satisfação profissional e perfil de egressos em fisioterapia
Authors: Silva Danielle Chagas Pereira da , Grazziano Carlos Roberto , Carrascosa Andréa Corrêa
Published: September 2018

Introduo: A percepo dos egressos sobre sua situao e satisfao profissional fundamental para identificar a relao entre a formao profissional e as exi - gncias do mercado de trabalho. Objetivo: Caracterizar o perfil de egressos em fisioterapia e analisar fatores associados com satisfao e formao profissional. Mtodos: Foram convidados egressos formados entre 2001 e 2013. Utilizou-se questionrio online com questes sobre caracterizao do egresso, aprimora - mento profissional, mercado de trabalho e satisfao profissional. Resultados: Participaram 149 egressos, 50,5% solteiros e 75,8% mulheres. A qualificao pro - fissional foi verificada em 82,6%. Ingressaram no mercado de trabalho em menos de 1 ano 69,8%. Atuavam com fisioterapia 85,9%. A principal rea de atuao foi traumatologia e ortopedia (58,4%). Satisfao profissional foi relatada por 71,8% e satisfao econmica por 17,4%. Concluso: A maioria dos egressos atuava em fisioterapia e buscou qualificao profissional. Grande parte dos participantes encontrava-se satisfeita profissionalmente, mas insatisfeita economicamente.
Efeitos do instrumento Pulsar ® e da vibrocompressão em crianças no ambiente hospitalar
Authors: Draghi Tatiane Targino Gomes , Manzano Roberta Munhoz , Ambrozin Alexandre Ricardo Pepe
Published: September 2018

Introduo: Manobras de Higiene Brnquica so tcnicas que visam auxiliar na mobilizao e remoo das secrees retidas, prevenir ou reduzir obstrues por secreo e suas consequncias. Objetivo: avaliar os efeitos cardacos, respi - ratrios e sobre a remoo de secreo brnquica do Pulsar e da manobra de vibrocompresso em pacientes peditricos. Mtodo: Pacientes foram submetidos a 12 minutos das tcnicas de manobra de vibrocompresso e aspirao, e do Pulsar numa frequncia de 15 Hz e aspirao, com intervalo entre as tcnicas de quatro horas, nas primeiras 48 horas de internao. Resultado: Foram avaliados 25 pacientes com idade mdia de 24,4414,22 semanas. As tcnicas de vibrocom - presso e Pulsar no produziram efeitos significativos na FC e FR, porm houve aumento na SpO 2 aps a aplicao da tcnica de vibrocompresso. Concluso: Condies cardacas e pulmonares estiveram dentro da normalidade, sendo que houve aumento na oxigenao aps a tcnica da vibrocompresso. Sobre a remo - o de secreo brnquica, ambas as tcnicas se mostraram eficazes em pacientes peditricos.
Treinamento com restrição do fluxo sanguíneo: sobre revisão de literatura
Authors: Dall' Agnol Cristiano , Del Vecchio Fabrício Boscolo
Published: September 2018

Treinamento com ocluso vascular: Sobre reviso de literatura
Correlação entre pico de torque isocinético e impulsão vertical em atletas de voleibol feminino
Authors: Pinheiro Cecília Baseggio , Lima Alisson Padilha de , Bona Cleiton Chiamonti , Cardoso Fabrício Bruno
Published: September 2018

Objetivo: Correlacionar o pico de torque isocintico e a impulso vertical durante a execuo do bloqueio e do ataque de atletas de voleibol feminino. Mtodos: Realizou-se um estudo quantitativo, descritivo de correlao, foram avaliadas 11 atletas da equipe adulta de voleibol feminino. O pico de torque foi avaliado no aparelho Biodex system 3, em duas velocidades angulares: 60 o/s e 300 o/s e para avaliao da impulso vertical foi executado o counter movement jump. Resultados: As atletas apresentaram uma correlao moderada e significativa ao relacionar o pico de torque e a impulso vertical durante o fundamento de ataque no flexor direito a 60 /s com r=0.609; p=0.047, extensor esquerdo 300 /s com r=0.664; p=0.026. Concluso: Dessa forma o presente estudo apresentou uma moderada correlao entre o pico de torque isocintico e a impulso vertical durante o fundamento de ataque das atletas de voleibol.
Exercício físico e comprimento dos telômeros: uma revisão sistemática nas disfunções crônico-degenerativas
Authors: Silva Gustavo De Moraes , Araujo Flavio De Souza , Teixeira-Araújo Alfredo Anderson , Nascimento Reginaldo Luiz do , Santos Geovani Alves dos , Moreira Sérgio Rodrigues
Published: September 2018

Introduo: Os telmeros esto localizados nas extremidades dos cromossomos e constituem-se de sequncias do DNA e protenas associadas. O exerccio fsico parece ter relao com um maior comprimento de telmeros, porm, pouco se sabe sobre o impacto deste na dinmica telomrica de pessoas com disfunes crnico-degenerativas. Objetivo: Revisar sistematicamente a literatura a respeito do efeito do exerccio no comprimento dos telmeros em pessoas com disfunes crnico-degenerativas. Mtodos: Foram realizadas buscas por dois investigadores independentes nas bases de dados Pubmed, Scopus, Lilacs e Cochrane Controlled Trials Database, analisando publicaes nos idiomas ingls e portugus. Resultados: Foram encontrados 845 estudos, onde destes, quatro atenderam aos critrios de elegibilidade e seguiram para sntese. Concluso: Embora o encurtamento dos telmeros esteja relacionado ao estilo de vida, herana gentica e doenas do envelhecimento, ainda no est claro se o exerccio fsico pode atenuar tal processo de encurtamento de forma significativa em indivduos com disfunes crnico-degenerativas, como excesso de peso e diabetes.
Variabilidade da frequência cardíaca em pacientes com dor lombar: uma revisão sistemática.
Authors: Sampaio Jadna Luana da Silva , Silva Suelene Ferreira da , Araújo Aldair Darlan Santos de , Bassi Daniela , Dibai Filho Almir Vieira , Minatel Vinicius
Published: September 2018

Introduo: A lombalgia se caracteriza como uma dor de origem multifatorial que pode resultar em alteraes no sistema nervoso autnomo. Estas alteraes so identificadas pelo aumento da modulao simptica cardaca levando a diminuio da variabilidade da frequncia cardaca (VFC). Objetivo: Realizar uma reviso literatura acerca do uso da VFC em pacientes com lombalgia. Mtodos: A busca sistemtica desse estudo foi conduzida atravs das bases de dados LILACS, PubMED, CINAHL e SciELO. Resultados: Foram includos na reviso apenas dez estudos que mostravam a relao entre a lombalgia e as respostas dos ndices da VFC. Destes, sete estudos relatam melhora/relao dos ndices da VFC com a lombalgia e outros estudos no mostram alterao das respostas. Concluso: Existem poucas evidncias apresentando a relao entre a lombalgia e as respostas dos ndices da VFC na literatura. Alm disso, os resultados se mostram inconclusivos, fato este que dificulta afirmar se h relao ou melhora dos ndices da VFC aps interveno em pacientes com lombalgia.
Opieka zastępcza w międzywojennej Polsce
Authors: Pląsek Rafał
Published: September 2018

Celem niniejszego artykułu jest przedstawienie zagadnienia opieki zastępczej w międzywojennej Polsce. Po zarysowaniu podstaw funkcjonowania konstruowanego w tym czasie systemu opieki społecznej, przybliżone zostały (używając dzisiejszej terminologii) zarówno instytucjonalne, jak i rodzinne formy sprawowania opieki nad dzieckiem pozbawionym pieczy. Autor zwraca uwagę na rolę szeroko rozumianych organizacji społecznych i wyznaniowych w kontekście opieki zakładowej. Przybliża również zagadnienie rodzin zastępczych, prezentując podstawy ich funkcjonowania w przedwojennej Warszawie.
Determination of Inorganic Arsenic in Seaweed and Seafood by LC-ICP-MS: Method Validation
Authors: Matsumoto-Tanibuchi Eri , Sugimoto Toshiaki , Kawaguchi Toshiyuki , Sakakibara Naoki , Yamashita Michiaki
Published: September 2018

Background: Seaweed and seafoodoften contain both inorganic and organic arsenic compounds showing distinct toxicities. Speciation must be taken into account when determining the concentrations of arsenic compounds and how they relate to overall toxicity. Objective: An analytical method for the quantitation of inorganicarsenic was validated in seaweed and seafood. Methods: Food samples were heated at 100°C in 0.3 mol/L nitric acid. Arsenic speciation was quantitatively determined by LC-inductively coupled plasma-MS (LC-ICP-MS) using an octadecilsilane (ODS) column with a mobile phase containing an ion-pair reagent. Results: Limits of detection (0.0023–0.012 mg/kg), LOQ (0.0077–0.042 mg/kg), repeatability (3.0–7.4%), intermediate precision (4.4–7.4%), and trueness (recoveries 94–107%) of the proposed method were satisfactory for inorganic arsenicin seaweed and seafood. Inorganic arsenic was detected in almost all the evaluated dried seaweed products, the Japanese oyster, nam pla, oyster sauce, and the intestinal organs of seafood. Conclusions: Among the dried seaweed products, significant inorganic arsenic was detected in the brown algae akamoku, hijiki, and mozuku. The small amounts of inorganic arsenic detected in nam pla and oyster sauce likely derive from the internal organs of the raw seafood used in their preparation. Highlights: Arsenic speciation in seaweed and seafood was measured by LC-ICP-MS using an ODS column with a mobile phase containing an ion-pair reagent. Among the dried seaweed products, brown algae akamoku, hijiki, and mozuku contained significantly high levels of inorganic arsenic. The intestinal organs of oyster, sardine, and scallop contained higher arsenic levels than the muscles.
Should We Offer Assistance to Both Wild and Domesticated Animals?
Authors: Palmer Clare ,   The Harvard Review of Philosophy
Published: September 2018

In this paper, I consider whether we should offer assistance to both wild and domesticated animals when they are suffering. I argue that we may have different obligations to assist wild and domesticated animals because they have different morally-relevant relationships with us. I explain how different approaches to animal ethics, which, for simplicity, I call capacity-oriented and context-oriented, address questions about animal assistance differently. I then defend a broadly context-oriented approach, on which we have special obligations to assist animals that we have made vulnerable to or dependent on us. This means that we should normally help suffering domesticated animals, but that we lack general obligations to assist wild animals, since we are not responsible for their vulnerability. However, we may have special obligations to help wild animals where we have made them vulnerable to or dependent on us (by habitat destruction or by captivity, for instance). I consider some obvious difficulties with this context-oriented approach, and I conclude by looking more closely at the question whether we should intervene, if we could do so successfully, to reduce wild animal suffering by reducing predation.
Repositioning UK Partnerships Post-Brexit
Authors: Highman Ludovic
Published: September 2018

On such divisive issues as EU membership and, consequently, the post-Brexit relationship between the United Kingdom and the European Union, it is unsurprising that Theresa May’s government has been torn between a “hard” and a “soft” Brexit. As of June 2018, there is still no indication of which approach will prevail, putting at risk UK universities’ participation in the Erasmus+ program, which has provided, among other things, opportunities for over four million Europeans to study, train, and volunteer abroad since its inception. Full access to EU research funds is also at risk. Universities cannot depend on the UK government’s help in securing the frameworks allowing for continuity. In such a context, universities have started to use their limited resources to secure bilateral international and European links to foster research collaboration and staff and student mobility, post-Brexit.
MEGALITHIC JAR SITES OF LAOS: A COMPREHENSIVE OVERVIEW AND NEW DISCOVERIES
Authors: O'Reilly Dougald , Shewan Louise , Van Den Bergh Julie , Luangaphay Samlane , Luangkhoth Thonglith
Published: September 2018

The megalithic jar sites of central Laos remain one of Southeast Asia's archaeological enigmas. These sites, more than 90 known to date, comprise large stone jars, discs, apparent lids and imported boulders located in elevated positions on hillslopes, mountain ridges or saddles. While the sites were first noted in the late 19th century, the first systematic research at these sites only began in the 1930s with the work of Madeleine Colani. Since that time, attempts to understand the culture that created the jars, their distribution and purpose have been limited not least because of the presence of unexploded ordnance (UXO) dating to the conflict in Indo-China in the 1960s and '70s. Renewed archaeological research by the authors commenced in 2016. This paper provides an inventory of known sites, matching historical accounts with more recent survey and lastly lists new sites identified in the recent research programme.
Participation civique et politique des citoyens issus de l’immigration
Authors: Simard Carolle , Pagé Michel
Published: September 2018

Dans cet article, nous présentons les conclusions d’une enquête exploratoire réalisée auprès de nouveaux citoyens canadiens originaires de pays non démocratiques. Sont notamment étudiées les variables susceptibles d’expliquer leurs perceptions des systèmes politiques canadien et québécois ainsi que leurs comportements politiques. Plus particulièrement, nous nous intéressons aux interrelations entre ces trois groupes de variables : politiques, psychologiques et sociodémographiques. Notre étude s’appuie sur l’analyse de 30 entretiens semi-directifs complétés auprès de répondants montréalais nés en Haïti, au Liban et au Pérou.
,,ДИРЕКТОРИ У СЕНЦИ“ - АСПЕКТИ DE FACTO И DE JURE КОНТРОЛЕ ТРАНСНАЦИОНАЛНЕ КОМПАНИЈЕ
Authors: Љутић Ивана
Published: September 2018

У раду се разматра одговорност скривенихдиректора који делују ,,у сенци“ у транснационалној компанији(ТНК) у функцији њене ефективне правне контроле. У позицијидиректора ,,у сенци“ управо се може наћи компанија-мајка ТНКи њена управа у односу на филијално друштво ТНК и његову упра-ву. Пошавши од модела корпоративног управљања и система кон-троле у ТНК од ,,централизације до децентрализације“, ауторотвара бројна питања, повезана са фидуцијарним дужностимадиректора зависних друштава. Имајући у виду да је централиза-ција управљања у ТНК sine qua non њиховог обележја, најпре сеанализира матично друштво које у одређеном моделу управљањапостаје ,,директор у сенци“. С обзиром на правне особине ТНКкоје значајно опредељују њихову контролу, посебно се наглашавапоступање у складу са интересима компаније као целине, однос-но поступање свих чланица ТНК у складу са глобалном пословномполитиком групе. У закључним разматрањима свог рада аутор сезалаже за наметање дужности именованих директора директо-рима ,,у сенци“. Тиме би се испуниле претпоставке доброг корпо-ративног управљања и остварила правна контрола ТНК.
SHVATANJA VOJISLAVA BAKIĆA O PORODIČNOM VASPITANJU
Authors: Kovačević Vesna
Published: September 2018

Najvažniji faktor u vaspitanju djece jeporodica. Porodica za dijete predstavljačitav svijet u kojoj ono stiče prva znanja,zadovoljava svoje primarne i sekundarnepotrebe, razvija sposobnosti, usvajastavove i vrijednosti i formira navikekoje će ga pratiti tokom cijelog života.U porodici se postavljaju temelji struktureličnosti pri čemu vaspitno-obrazovneuticaje koji se ostvaruju u porodici kasnijene može da nadoknadi niti jednainstitucija.O porodici kao najznačnijem faktorurazvoja djeteta govorili su brojniistaknuti mislioci i pedagozi. Jedan odnjih je Vojislav Bakić. Uvidio je potrebui značaj vaspitanja u porodici. Porodič-no vaspitanje je smatrao prvim vaspitanjem.Ono je temelj kako školskom takoi društvenom vaspitanju. Porodično vaspitanjeu primarnoj grupi ostvaruju roditeljikao prvi vaspitači koji su najodgovornijiza cjelokupan psihofizički razvojdjeteta.Cilj rada je da se ukaže na shvatanjaVojislava Bakića o porodičnom vaspitanju.Autor u radu daje osvrt na ideje, mišljenja,stavove i poglede koje je VojislavBakić imao o porodičnom vaspitanju.
УЧЕЊЕ У УОБИЧАЈЕНОМ И ДИГИТАЛНОМ ОКРУЖЕЊУ
Authors: Вукановић Немања Д.
Published: September 2018

Ослањајући се на научнотеоријскестудије, у раду су приказане специ-фичности учења у уобичајеном и ди-гиталном окружењу са употребомразличитих образовних софтвера.Компаративним приказом апостро-фиране су специфичности учења упоменутим условима кроз неколикокатегорија: комуникација лице у лице,друштвена интеракција, осјећај си-гурности, структура ученика, мо-тивисаност за рад, понављање са-држаја и доступност информација,процјењивање и оцјењивање.