bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Micro Electroformed Ni-P Alloy Parts by extended UV-LIGA Technology
Authors: Guo Yu Hua , Wang Ying Nan , Xie Long Han
Published: August 2011

In recent years an increasing interest has grown in using Micro Electro Mechanical System (MEMS) fabrication technology in mechanical timepieces. The UV-LIGA process which combines ultraviolet lithography and electroforming is among micro-production technologies providing exciting possibilities. It has been established as industrial viable for the fabrication of various micromechanical components. Current limitations are that the technology is restricted to the use of nickel. It is too soft (~ 300HV) and has magnetic properties. It is not perfect for the movement of timepieces. However, by adding other materials, e.g. phosphor-Nickel (Ni-P), these alloys have their attractions, being stainless, non-magnetic and very high hardness. As a new technique, details are still being perfected. In this work, the process of Ni-P micro electroforming has been developed to extend UV-LIGA technology. And attempt has been made to investigate the magnetic properties and the hardness of the manufactured Ni-P alloy components. The results showed that the phosphor content can be controlled by different concentration of phosphorous acid (H3PO3) in the electrolyte solution. Corresponding properties have been analyzed which shows good hardness and lower magnetic properties. When the phosphorous content reaches over 12 wt%, the Ni-P alloy is with non-magnetic properties while pure nickel is ferromagnetic material. And the hardness of electroformed Ni-P alloy is about 600 HV and can be above 1000 HV after special heat treatment.
A Validity Analysis of Estimate Improvement Model of Software Cost
Authors: Sun Yu Qiang , Weng Mei , Shi Cheng Xian , You Jing , He Qi Wei
Published: August 2011

In virtue of fuzzy matrix and fuzzy linear transformation, not only the fuzzy comprehensive ability’s quantitative value is got, but also single fuzzy ability’s quantitative value is got. The type of software personnel can be distinguished by comparing the fuzzy integrated ability assessing value of software personnel with pre-set threshold, pointed out statistic improvement for project in the process of confirming factors, in order to enhancing the accuracy of the estimate results. And an analysis of specific application instance of improved COCOMO model verified the validity of the improved model.
Advances of Chromium(III)-Based Catalysts with Multidentate Heteroatomic Ligands for 1-Hexene Production
Authors: Wang Ya Zhen , Yang Chuan Feng , Chen Jie
Published: August 2011

According to the various multidentate heteroatomic ligands(based oxygen,nitrogen, phosphorus,mixed N and P,mixed N and S donors, composition, activity and overall selectivity to 1-hexene of chromium-based trimerization catalysts were reviewed. Commercial application foreground of these catalyst systems was also expected.It was found that effect of ligand structure on activity and selectivity for ethylene trimerization was the most predominant.The PNP （(Ph2P)2N(cyclopentyl)）ligands were prepared using inexpensive reagents and gave the corresponding complexes in high yields.Due to the inexpensive ligands coupled with low MAO （methyl aluminum oxide）requirements and high activity and selectivity of these systems, this has positive implication for a commercial process to 1-hexene.
Cause Analysis about Buildup Formation of Carbon Sleeve in Continuous Annealing Furnace for Silicon Steel
Authors: He Ming Sheng , Peng Shou Jun , Xue Gai Feng , Zhang Jing
Published: August 2011

Based on the investigation and study of the topography and composition of the buildups, combined with production process of silicon steel, the major causes of forming buildups of carbon sleeve are analyzed from the factors such as the quality of carbon sleeve, furnace atmosphere, dew point, adjusting steel roll, intermediate steel roll, running speed of carbon sleeve and so forth. Meanwhile, some countermeasures to reduce the formation of the buildups are put forward.
Experimental Research on Calculating Wave Force through Wave Pressure Measurement
Authors: Chen Jian Min , Guo Peng Zeng , Jiang Xin , Liu Zhi Hui
Published: August 2011

This article records the measuring of applied force exerted on plate structure by sea wave only, and observation of the regular pattern of the stress under stimulated conditions of ocean in the lab. And calculating of the applied stress on plate structure through MATLAB then integrating of the stress diagram using wave pressure formula, as well as comparative analysis of the two groups of data using selected wave theories.
Research on Stress Sensitivity of Low Permeability Sand Stone Reservoir
Authors: Sun Yu Xue , Yao Fei , Zhao Jing Yuan
Published: August 2011

In the process of low-permeability sandstone reservoir exploitation, stress sensitivity takes place with the effective stress rises gradually, which will cause permeability decline. Allowing to the condition of in-situ stress, the study and experiment on the rock core in Jilin oil field Fuxin326 oil layer are presented. The experimental results show that the stress sensitivity of this oil layer is small; the regularity of permeability changes is in accordance with exponential function. The stress sensitivity of high permeability core is larger than that of low permeability core. Moreover, experimental and theoretical analysis shows that low permeability core has a larger permeability loss than high permeability core in loading and unloading process where elastic plastic deformation of rock will happen, which is the major reason that permeability loss can not return completely.
Shape Recognition Based on Freeman Chain Code
Authors: Li Jian , Guo Shuai , Ye Feng
Published: August 2011

In this paper, a shape recognition method based on Freeman chain code has been proposed. According to the detected corners, feature vector of a contour shape can be obtained. And the descriptor of each corner in the feature vector has three components, which are the normalized distance between the corner and the centroid of all the corners, the local main trend of both sides of the corners. By using the feature vector, the matching judgment has been given, and the results of the experiment are shown.
Scattering of Anti-Plane SH-Wave by Multiple Cylindrical Cavities in Elastic Semi-Space
Authors: Zhang Rui , Li Hong Liang
Published: August 2011

In natural medium, engineering materials and structures, it can be found that there are cavities everywhere. When structure is impacted by dynamic load, the scattering field will be produced because of the cavities, and it could cause dynamic stress concentration at the edge of the cavities. In this paper, the solution of displacement field for elastic semi-space with multiple cylindrical cavities by anti-plane SH-wave is constructed. In complex plane, considering the symmetry of SH-wave scattering, the displacement field aroused by the anti-plane SH-wave and the scattering displacement field impacted by the cylindrical cavities comprised of Fourier-Bessel series with undetermined coefficients which satisfies the stress-free condition on the ground surface are constructed. Through applying the method of multi-polar coordinate system, the equations with unknown coefficients can be obtained by using the stress free condition of the cylindrical cavities in the radial direction. According to orthogonality condition for trigonometric function, these equations can be reduced to a series of algebraic equations. Then the value of the unknown coefficients can be obtained by solving these algebraic equations. The total wave displacement field is the superposition of the displacement field aroused by the anti-plane SH-wave and the scattering displacement field. By using the expressions, an example is provided to show the effect of the change of relative location of the cylindrical cavities. Based on this solution, the problem of interaction of multiple cylindrical cavities and a linear crack in semi-space can be investigated further.
Energy Saving Transformation of Drying Technology for Potato Granules Whole Meal
Authors: Zhang Zhen Wei , Zhang Cheng , Zhang Hong Bo
Published: August 2011

This paper deals with the technological transformation of the processes of the pulse flow drying system from the point of saving the energy, which can largely reduce the production cost and enhance the competitiveness of products. The authors transformed the secondary separation recovery process into primary separation recovery process, i. e., improved the gas-solid separation part technology of drying system, aiming at the high energy consumption characteristics of potato granules whole meal drying system. Compared to the original process, the improved process can not only use to increase the product output, but also has obvious effect on energy saving. The improved process of low investment and high energy saving has a significant promotional value.
Real-Time Simulation as a New Tool in Future Advanced Aerospace Project Design and Manufacturing Processes
Authors: Ahmed Noor A. , Page John R.
Published: August 2011

Conceptualisation and subsequent validation are essential for future aerospace vehicle design. In this process, theoretical analysis is often constrained imposed by numerical and physical experimentation limitations. This is where the incorporation of flight and other simulation packages as new tools of real-time investigation, for determining design drivers, estimating flight performance, likely operational scenarios and manufacturing strategies can become so useful. For the past few years, we have been exploring the effectiveness of this new tool at the University of New South Wales. The results appear to be highly promising. In this paper, we outline the various stages of the methodology and demonstrate through a test case how the simulation activity can be implemented in the overall design process. It appears that the incorporation of simulation into the design process has the prospect of ushering in a new era for future advanced project aerospace design that will find application far beyond aerospace industries.
Analysis on Cavitation Performance in Multi-Stage Centrifugal Pump Based on Cavitation Model
Authors: Huang Si , Guan Jun
Published: August 2011

In this paper, a cavitation analysis model for centrifugal pump was applied to simulate a three-dimensional turbulent flow inside a whole stage of a multistage centrifugal pump based on the Rayleigh-Plesset bubble equation. The 3-D turbulent flow field and vapor-liquid phase distribution in a multi-stage centrifugal pump were computed by solving the bubble equation coupled with two-phase turbulent governing equations. The process of bubble vaporization, growing and condensation were simulated and visualized. The cavitation model and simulation were validated by comparing numerical solutions with tested curve of net positive suction head required (NPSHr) for the pump.
Application of Calendering Process to Roll-to-Roll Printed Electronics
Authors: Xin Li Li , Anh Duc Nguyen Ho , Hoang Nguyen
Published: August 2011

This paper presents the design of calendering machine and experimental results of calendering process. A particular pattern was printed on PET film by means of roll-to-roll gravure printing machine. The calendering process was applied to a set of samples and the effect was analyzed after measuring the surface roughness and the thickness of pattern. Although only mechanical pressure provided by a nip roll was applied during the calendering process, the experimental results indicate that the calendering process should be useful for enhancing the surface quality of roll-to-roll printed electronics products.
Microstructure and Property of 20CrMo Steel with the Process of Rare Earth Element Carburization
Authors: Wang Dian Liang , Li Ji Wu , Zhong Mei Peng
Published: August 2011

The microstructures and properties of 20CrMo steel in rare earth catalysis and conventional carburization have been investigated by using the homemade rare earth energizer. The results show that the diffusion rate of carbon increases due to rare earth catalysis, so the time of carburizing decreases by about 30 %, and the martensite microstructures are refined on the surface layer. Also, the amount of residual austenite decreases obviously, and the hardness of the carburized layer is improved about HV150. At the same time, the depth of the hardened layer increased.
Permeability of Anti-Chloride Ion of Fly Ash Recycled Concrete
Authors: Chen Ai Jiu , Wang Jing , Ge Zhan Fang , Wu Ming
Published: August 2011

Adding fly ash to recycled concrete with super-substitute technique, comparing the 28d strength of fly ash recycled concrete(FARC) with the 28d strength of ordinary recycled concrete(ORC), the compressive strength of fly ash recycled concrete slightly decreased with the increase of the fly ash and the admixture of renewable aggregate. Along with the increase of mixing amount of the air entraining and water-reducing agent, the compressive strength of fly ash recycled concrete tends to reduce. The order of the factors that affect the chloride ion diffusion coefficient of recycled concrete is fly ash admixture→mixing amount of the air entraining and water-reducing agent→admixture of recycled coarse aggregate→polypropylene fibre admixture, which provides a basis for the application of recycled concrete engineering in the environment which is affected by chlorine salt in the north frigid area .
The Isolation and Structural Analysis of Compound Emulsifier
Authors: Han Shan Shan , Xu Jin Yun , Zheng Guo , Liang Hua Ying , Sun Yu
Published: August 2011

Nowadays, the stability of the mixed solution usually is improved by adding appropriate amount of emulsifier needed in many oil products, in order to reach the better effect of solution mulsification. In this paper, using silica gel column seperation to isolate pure ingredient of the emulsifier component, and all molecular structures prepared on silica gel were characterized by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectum and silid-state 1H NMR experimental observations.
Optimal Sliding Mode Control for Linear Singualr System with Input and State Time-Delays
Authors: Gao Cun Chen , Xiang Nan , Liu Yun Long
Published: August 2011

Synthetic problem of variable structure control (VSC) for linear singular system with input and state time-delays is studied. Firstly, the original system with both input and state time-delays is written into a form without time-delay by a linear transformation. Secondly, the system without time-delay is decomposed into two low dimensional subsystems by a restricted system equivalent decomposed method. Thirdly, the quadratic performance index optimal control technique is introduced to design the optimal sliding mode for the restricted equivalent subsystems. By applying reaching law approach, the selected control law ensures that the solution trajectories of the system reach the switching manifold in finite time and have low chattering in the sliding motion. Finally, a simulation example is given to illustrate the feasibility and validity of the proposed method.
Study on a Method for Measuring the Attitude of Protable Three-Coordinate Equipment Based on Monocular Vision
Authors: Wang Guo Feng , Li Hang , Si Dong Hong , Xue Yu Jun , Fan Hao , Li Ji Shun
Published: August 2011

In his article, we explore a method for measuring position and attitude parameters of protable three-coordinate equipment based on monocular vision. The T-Probe of Laica is used as the experiment equipment and its four coplanar LEDs are chosen as feature points. While measuring, the probe contacts the measured point, the CCD camera takes the image of four coplanar feature points, the image coordinate of the feature points are accurately obtained by image processing programs. Using the linear idea for solving the P4P question, the coordinate of these feature points and attitude of object are gotten. Eventually, the measured points' coordinates are derived.
Study on the Migration Law of Unmelted WC Particles during the Process of Centrifugal Casting
Authors: Zhao Zhen Kai , Song Yan Pei , Feng Zhi Ming
Published: August 2011

A model of the movement of WC reinforcing particles with the effect of centrifugal force during the process of centrifugal casting was established. The motion equations of the WC particles were solved in this model. The motion curve of the WC particles WC particle was drawn according to the motion equation, and the influential factors of WC particle's movement are analyzed. The conclusions show that: the radical movement speed of the WC particles increases with the increase of time, and the movement distance increases by exponentially at the same time. The particle movement distance at the same time increases due to the larger diameter, the quicker centrifugal speed and the higher the casting temperature. The radial pitch of the particle with different initial position becomes lager with the increase of time. Centrifugal Casting formed the final particle reinforced composites, in which the volume fraction of WC particles gradient increased from the inner surface to the outer surface.
The Designed of Control System of Cubic Packaging Machine
Authors: Peng Zhi Yong , Li Hong Zhou , Liu Jian Ming
Published: August 2011

The system was used control cubic packaging machine was implemented by C8051F020 CMOS chip. It can be used to package cubic the object automatically on the stream lining. It include many functions, such as control temperature of five heater, control main motor, control motor of give material, control motor of give film and interface of people and machine. The system has a strong practical value.
The Numerical Study on the Environmentally Sustainable System - Ground-Source Heat Pump System
Authors: Li Su Fen , Shang Yan , Chen Di
Published: August 2011

In this paper, the coupled thermal conduction and groundwater advection heat transfer model was developed according to the heat-transfer process between the heat exchanger underground and its ambient soil. Soil was considered as saturated porous medium. The paper analyzed that the influence of different inlet flow rate, inlet water temperature, and backfill material on the soil temperature field and heat exchange rate, compared the double U-tube and the single U-tube in numerical simulation. The results show that the enhancing of soil thermal conductivity, inlet water temperature and inlet water flow rate leads to the increase of the heat exchange rate of U tube heat exchanger, and the influence on the double U tube is relativity small. In addition, the heat exchange characteristic of the double U tube is superior to the single U tube. The result has guiding significance to the intermittent operation of the ground source heat pump.
Numerical Study of Distribution Characteristics and Influencing Factors on Geo-Temperature Field of Groundwater Heat Pump
Authors: Li Su Fen , Liu Shi Yao , Shang Yan , Du Guo Fu
Published: August 2011

A 3-D numerical model was developed to simulate the distribution characteristics and influencing factors on geo-temperature field of groundwater heat pump. Analyzing from different soil layers, different permeability, different porosity, different inter-well distances, and different aquifer thickness, temperature distribution characteristics and variations of pumping temperature were gotten. Base on those, permeability and different porosity produce little effect to the temperature of pumping, different inter-well distances and different aquifer thickness produce great effect to the temperature of pumping.
A New Type Algorithm for the Extended Complementarity Problem in Engineering Modeling
Authors: Yin Cheng Jiang
Published: August 2011

In this paper, we consider extended complementarity problem(ECP) in engineering modeling. To solve the problem, first, under the suitable conditions, we present an easily computable global error bound for the ECP, and then propose a new type algorithm to solve the ECP based on the error bound estimation. The global convergence is also established.
Research of Method about Geomagnetic Sensor Data Processing by Optimal Idea
Authors: Liu Chan Yuan
Published: August 2011

A method of optimal idea, in the paper, is used to process geomagnetic sensor data. The curve fitting by use of the method is more convenient than least square method (LSM). It adapts especially to process nonlinear curve fitting. Circular curve equation is fitted depending on a set of geomagnetic sensor data. It proves that the way is convenient and feasible
On Dynamical Simulations in Abrasive Flow Finishing
Authors: Wang Hao Cheng , Liu Jian
Published: August 2011

In this paper, we point out several problems on fluid mechanics existing in the abrasive flow finishing, and study the dynamic simulations methods in the area. A case study is conducted on the process of free abrasive flow finishing, where we complete the dynamic simulations on the kinematic characteristics by a model of two-phase fluid. It is shown that the theory of two-phase fluid can practically direct the design of polishing machine, and the selection as well as the optimization of parameters for polishing technique.
Gear Fault Detection and Diagnosis Based on its Fabrication Material
Authors: Ai Shu Feng
Published: August 2011

A novel application of Hilbert-Huang transform method to fault diagnosis of gear crack is presented. The methodology developed in this paper decomposes the original times series data in intrinsic oscillation modes, using the empirical mode decomposition. Then the Hilbert transform is applied to each intrinsic mode function. Therefore, the time-frequency distribution is obtained.
Anti-Noise Capability Analysis for the XRD of YBaCuO Nano Powder Based on WVD
Authors: Zhou Qiang , Lv Peng , Tan Ya Li
Published: August 2011

In the XRD spectrum analysis, there is a lot of measurement noise. It will cause the influence which can not be ignored for the elemental composition analysis. In this paper, the noise of YBaCuO nano powder in XRD was studied. In order to eliminate its influence, Wigner-Ville Distribution (WVD) was used to improve the anti-noise capability. First, based on a comprehensive study of various noise signal characteristics and model structures, the anti-noise capability of WVD was systematically studied in accordance with theoretical analysis. Then, proposed SPWVD and RSPWVD were studied and used to improve anti-noise capability. Last, by simulation experiment, compared and verified the conclusion. The results show that RSPWVD for additive noise and non-zero mean multiplicative noise has better anti-noise capability. It could eliminate the influence of the noise of YBaCuO nano power in XRD.
Efficient Heat Pump Water Heater Regulated by the Superheat of Compress Suction Tube
Authors: Jin Cong Zhuo , Chou Qiao Li , Chen Huan Xin
Published: August 2011

This paper starts with a brief introduction to the industrial development background such as general technical principles and application fields of heat pump water heaters (HPWHs), and puts forward for the first time the definition of superheat of compress suction tube ΔTsuperheat-st aiming at special technical requirements of HPWHs and the new concept of PID regulation of ΔTsuperheat-st with an electronic expansion valve. An HPWH with this regulation method has been made, and has been tested in line with national standards and EU standards. Its results show that this HPWH is qualified in energy-saving grade as required in national standards.
Remediation of City River Water by Combining Submerged Macrophyte and Bioenergizer
Authors: Ma Li Min , Song Hou Ran , Meng De Lei , Gong Ben Tao
Published: August 2011

The eutrophication of water in an urban river was treated by combining two submerged aquatic plantsElodeanuttalliiandPotamogeton crispuswith a biological growth-promoting agent Bio-energizer (BE) on a pilot scale. The results showed that the two submerged plants could remove CODCr effectively and steadily, with a removal rate of 58% and 52.3% respectively. All experimental treatments were effective at removing TN, TP, NH4+-N, NO3+-N, but the treatment in which BE was added at the lower concentration (from 1 to 3 ml/m3) was better than that at the higher concentration (from 5 to 10 ml/m3).Elodea nuttalliiproduced the best treatment efficiency when 1 ml/m3BE was added to the experimental water. The rate of removal of TP and TN was 71.0%, and 72.4% within one week while that in the control group was 50% and 51% respectively. The number of bacteria changed during the different stages of the experiment.
Preparation of Biocompatible Micelles as Drug Delivery via RAFT Polymerization
Authors: Cui Lian Lai , Yu Tao , Tan Xin , Zhao Yue , Li Jian Ping , Zhang Ling
Published: August 2011

Block copolymers D,L-Polylactide-b-poly(poly(ethylene glycol) methyl ether acrylate) (D,L- P(LA)-b-P(PEGMA)) were prepared via ring-opening polymerization and reversible addition fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) polymerization. The block polymers generated in the reaction reveal the living behavior with the molecular weight increasing with time. The copolymer D,L-P(LA)200-b-P(PEGMA)225 was synthesized successfully with D,L-P(LA) macro-RAFT agent, and was self-assembled in an aqueous environment, leading to the formation of self-assembly micelles. A distinct critical micelle concentration (CMC) was observed of the self-assembly system. The size of it was characterized by both DLS and TEM.
Skid Resistance Performance Optimization of Asphalt Pavement on Super Long Continuous Downgrades
Authors: Guan Hong Xin , Liu Jing , Zhang Qi Sen , Xu Yang
Published: August 2011

The skid resistance performance of asphalt pavement on super long continuous downgrades should be designed specially. According to characteristics of super long continuous downgrades which is 52 kilometers long, the skid resistance performance of pavement in end of design life was designed as control index; combined with longitudinal slope distribution, anti-skid control standard were be brought up which was based on the stopping sight distance requirements; The equivalent conversion method for anti-skid axle load was obtained by anti-skid attenuation test; The analysis of skid resistance performance indicate that SMA-16 can’t meet the skid resistance requirements and need to optimize it by using thin anti-skid paving.
Selection of Complex Adsobent and Catalytic Absorption NO from Flue Gas
Authors: Liu Sheng Yu , Nengzi Li Chao , Qu Bing , Xu Yuan Yuan , Qiu Wei , Lu Cheng Wei
Published: August 2011

In bubble reactor, the different complex adsorbents were used to adsorb NO. The results showed absorbent catalytic complex [Co(en)3]2+ formed by cobalt ion and en has good absorptive capacity to NO, removal efficiency can reach up to 90%.However complexing agent formed by EDTA has low capacity, only 20%-50%,and unstable. and the best adsobent was triethylenediamine cobalt ([Co(en)3]2+).pH value was an important operation parameter.
Study on the Relation between the Properties and the Blended Ratio of Soybean Protein Fiber/Cotton Blended Yarn
Authors: Yang Qing Bin
Published: August 2011

The strength and elongation, the unevenness and the number of hairiness of the soybean protein fiber/cotton blended yarn are tested. By the analysis of these results, the optimum blended ratio of the blended yarn is determined.
Synthesis, Spectral Characterization and Luminescent Properties of Ternary Rare Earth Nitrates Complexes with 2-Acetylpyridine-tris(2-aminoethyl)amine and Pyridine-N-oxide Ligand
Authors: Du Lian Cai
Published: August 2011

A tripodal ligand, 2-acetylpyridine-tris(2-aminoethyl)amine (L), pyridine-N-oxide and their ternary complexes with rare earth nitrates have been synthesized. These new complexes with the general formula of Ln·L·PyNO·(NO3)3·nH2O (where Ln = La, Nd, Tb, Pr, Eu, n = 1~3 ) were characterized by elemental analysis, IR spectra, thermal analysis and molar conductivity. All the complexes are stable in air. The results show that the lanthanide ions in each complex are coordinated by nitrogen atoms of the ligand, oxygen atoms of PyNO and the nitrates. The fluorescent properties of the Eu(III) and Tb(III) complexes in solid were investigated.
A Novel Direct Torque Control Scheme for Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor
Authors: Liu Ying Pei
Published: August 2011

Although the structure of PI controller is simple, there are some flaws. In order to overcome the contradictions between the rapid response and overshoot for speed, the model of active disturbance rejection control (ADRC) was established in the paper. The transition process for a given speed was got by tracking - differentiator (TD). The sum of internal and external disturbance is estimated by the extended state observer (ESO). The capability of resisting disturbance is improved for the disturbance compensated timely. Permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) direct torque control based on ADRC scheme is realized. The simulation results have shown its availability.
Preparation and Characterization of Two New Luminescent Material
Authors: Ji Zhi Xiang
Published: August 2011

Two new luminescent materials were prepared by the reaction of Eu (III) and Tb (III) ions with N’-(2-acetyl-3-methylpyrazine)-4-toluene-sulfonylhydrazide in ethanol solution, respectively. The composition of the luminescent materials was confirmed by elemental analysis, infrared spectra and X-ray crystallography. The luminescent properties of two new luminescent materials were investigated in solid. The results show that two new luminescent materials have strong characteristic luminescence in red and blue region, respectively.
Infrared and Luminescent Properties of Mg (II) Fluorescence Materials
Authors: Wang Li Hua
Published: August 2011

A new luminescent material, 1-acetyl-2-naphthol-4, 4'-diaminodiphenyl ether Mg (II) has been designed, synthesized and characterized. The infrared spectrum and luminescent properties of Mg (II) material have been investigated. The results indicate that the Mg (II) fluorescent material emits blue luminescence with an emission peak at 455 nm when excited at 327 nm, and the effect of organic solvents on the luminous intensity of Mg (II) fluorescent material was arranged in the order CH3CH2OH > DMSO > solid> CH3OH.
Synthesis and Characterization of Poly(ethylene glycol)-Grafted Expanded Graphite
Authors: Zhu Min Cong , Li Kan Zhu , Qing Xin , Qi Wei , Zeng Shui Lin , Mao Yan Jie , Hu Yin , Zhang Ying Chen , Li Deng Xin , Liu Ai Lian
Published: August 2011

This paper deals with the synthesis and characterization of poly(ethylene glycol)-grafted expanded graphite (PEG-grafted EG) as a novel composite material. The PEG-grafted EG composite was prepared by grafting PEG in the EG layers using isophorone diisocyanate (IPDI) as coupling agent. The EG was prepared after microwave irradiation treatment from the expandable graphite, the obtained EG modified by an excess amount of IPDI. Modified expanded graphite (MEG) mixed in anhydrous N,N-dimethylformamide (DMF) and grafted PEG at low temperature atmosphere. The samples of EG and PEG-grafted EG composite was characterized by using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), infrared spectroscopy (IR) and thermogravimetric (TG) analysis technique.
Study on the Springback Characteristics of CR340LA Steel during the Typical Auto Part Stamping Process
Authors: Gong Hong Ying , Wang Jin Yan , Zhao Zhong Hua
Published: August 2011

Metal sheet Stamping forming is an important material forming process, especially in the automobile industry. Using the advanced FEM simulation technology, precise analysis of the metal sheet stamping forming process becomes possible, which provides the scientific evaluation of the process design and die design in sheet stamping forming. So the paper chooses a topical auto drawing part-auto indoor-still part and applied the CR340LA steel to have stamping numerical simulation test by the numerical simulation analyzing software-Dynaform. In the stamping numerical simulation test, the best binder holder force values, stamping speed values and the spring back forecast results are got. Then the springback forecast results of the numerical simulation analysis tests are applied to the actual production to overcoming the spring back effectively, and the successful products are got.
An Electronic Components Screening Quality Control Method
Authors: Zhang Jian Bi
Published: August 2011

Without high quality electronic components, it is difficult for good design electronic component to play roles. In the production process of electronic component, quality control eliminate factors that caused unqualified or unsatisfactory effect by monitoring forming process of quality, so to as achieve requirement of quality. Based on introduction of quality control principle, related factor that affect electronic components screening quality was analyzed and an electronic components quality control method was presented. Specific quality control process and quality control keys were also provided. Quality control example of some electronic components screening shows the feasibility of the proposed quality control method.
Low Reflectivity ErAlO Film on Si as Anti-Reflecting Coating in Solar Cells
Authors: Zhu Yan Yan , Fang Ze Bo , Li Hui Yu , Chen Jing , Cao Hai Jing
Published: August 2011

Amorphous Al2O3 and Er2O3 alloyed films were deposited on Si(001) substrates by radio frequency magnetron sputtering technique. Ellipsometry measurements show that the weighted average reflectivity in the wavelength between 400 and 1000 nm for the ErAlO is 2.25%. Emission spectra exhibit a strong emission band around 410 nm and a series of emission band near 970 and 1019 nm. All the results indicate that ErAlO could be a promising material for Si solar cells.
Microdefects in Heavily Phosphorus-Doped Czochralski Silicon
Authors: Wang Zhen Hui , Ma Xiang Yang , Yang De Ren
Published: August 2011

Oxygen precipitation (OP) and annihilation of voids in heavily phosphorus (P)-doped Czochralski (Cz) silicon have been investigated. It was found that the nucleation anneal at 650°C resulted in much more pronounced OP in the subsequent high temperature anneal than that at 800 or 900 °C. This was due to that SiP precipitates could be formed in heavily P-doped Cz silicon by the 650oC anneal and they acted as the heterogeneous nuclei for OP in the following anneal at high temperatures. The rapid thermal anneal (RTA) at 1200°C was proved to be an effective means to annihilate voids. Moreover, it was found that the significant OP resulting from the two-step anneal of 650°C/8 h + 1000°C/16 h could also cause the substantial annihilation of voids in heavily P-doped Cz silicon. The mechanisms for the annihilation of voids have been tentatively discussed.
Nitrogen Enhanced Oxygen Precipitation in Czochralski Silicon Wafers Coated with Silicon Nitride Films
Authors: Ma Xiang Yang , Fu Li Ming , Yang De Ren
Published: August 2011

Oxygen precipitation (OP) behaviors were investigated for Czochralski (Cz) silicon wafers, which were coated with silicon nitride (SiNx) films or not, subjected to two-step anneal of 800C/4 h+1000°C/16 h following rapid thermal processing (RTP) at different temperatures ranging from 1150 to 1250C for 50 s. It was found that OP in the Cz silicon wafers coated with SiNx films was stronger in each case. This was because that nitrogen atoms diffused into bulk of Cz silicon wafer from the surface coated SiNx film during the high temperature RTP. Furthermore, it was proved that the RTP lamp irradiation facilitated the in-diffusion of nitrogen atoms, which was most likely due to that the ultraviolet light enhanced the breakage of silicon-nitrogen bonds.
Intrinsic Point Defects in Silicon Crystal Growth
Authors: Voronkov Vladimir V. , Falster Robert
Published: August 2011

In dislocation-free silicon, intrinsic point defects – either vacancies or self-interstitials, depending on the growth conditions - are incorporated into a growing crystal. Their incorporated concentration is relatively low (normally, less than 1014 cm-3 - much lower than the concentration of impurities). In spite of this, they play a crucial role in the control of the structural properties of silicon materials. Modern silicon crystals are grown mostly in the vacancy mode and contain many vacancy-based agglomerates. At typical grown-in vacancy concentrations the dominant agglomerates are voids, while at lower vacancy concentrations there are different populations of joint vacancy-oxygen agglomerates (oxide plates). Larger plates – formed in a narrow range of vacancy concentration and accordingly residing in a narrow spatial band – are responsible for the formation of stacking fault rings in oxidized wafers. Using advanced crystal growth techniques, whole crystals can be grown at such low concentrations of vacancies or self-interstitials such that they can be considered as perfect.
Positron Probing of Point Radiation Defects in Proton - Irradiated FZ-Silicon Single Crystals
Authors: Arutyunov Nikolai Yu. , Elsayed Mohamed , Krause-Rehberg Reinhard , Emtsev Valentin V. , Oganesyan Gagik A. , Kozlovski Vitalii V.
Published: August 2011

The changes of the positron lifetime and loss/recovery of shallow donor states in n-FZ-Si:P material irradiated at the room temperature with 15 MeV protons have been investigated in the course of isochronal annealing. Thermally stable point radiation defects which begin to anneal at ~ 300 C° – 340 C° have been revealed; they manifest themselves as deep donors. It is argued that these defects involve, at least, more than one vacancy and the impurity atom (s) of phosphorus.
Structural Defect Studies of Semiconductor Crystals with Laue Topography
Authors: Gröschel Alexander , Will Johannes , Bergmann Christoph , Grillenberger Hannes , Eichler Stefan , Scheffer Czygan Max , Magerl Andreas
Published: August 2011

A defocused Laue diffractometer setup operating with the white beam of a high energy X-ray tube has been used for a topographic visualization of structural defects in semiconductor wafers. The laboratory white beam X-ray topograph of a Czochralski Si wafer with oxygen precipitates grown in an annealing process is compared to a μPCD image. Further, the dislocation network in a VGF GaAs wafer is studied under thermal annealing up to 1140°C and the in-situ capability of the setup is demonstrated.
Radiation-Induced Defect Reactions in Tin-Doped Ge Crystals
Authors: Markevich Vladimir P. , Peaker Anthony R. , Hamilton Bruce , Litvinov Valentin V. , Pokotilo Yurii M. , Petukh Alla N. , Lastovskii Stanislav B. , Coutinho Jose , Rayson Mark J. , Briddon Patrick R. , Briddon Patrick R.
Published: August 2011

We have recently shown that Sn impurity atoms are effective traps for vacancies (V) in Ge:Sn crystals irradiated with MeV electrons at room temperature [V.P. Markevich et al., J. Appl. Phys. 109 (2011) 083705]. A hole trap with 0.19 eV activation energy for hole emission to the valence band (Eh) has been assigned to an acceptor level of the Sn-V complex. In the present work electrically active defects introduced into Ge:Sn+P crystals by irradiation with 6 MeV electrons and subsequent isochronal annealing in the temperature range 50-300 °C have been studied by means of transient capacitance techniques and ab-initio density functional modeling. It is found that the Sn-V complex anneals out upon heat-treatments in the temperature range 50-100 °C. Its disappearance is accompanied by the formation of vacancy-phosphorus (VP) centers. The disappearance of the VP defect upon thermal annealing in irradiated Sn-doped Ge crystals is accompanied by the effective formation of a defect which gives rise to a hole trap with Eh= 0.21 eV and is more thermally stable than other secondary radiation-induced defects in Ge:P samples. This defect is identified as tin-vacancy-phosphorus (SnVP) complex. It is suggested that the effective interaction of the VP centers with tin atoms and high thermal stability of the SnVP complex can result in suppression of transient enhanced diffusion of phosphorus atoms in Ge.
Visible Light-Emitting Hydrogenated Nanocrystalline Silicon-on-Insulator Films: Formation and Properties
Authors: Tyschenko Ida E. , Volodin Vladimir A.
Published: August 2011

Hydrogenated Si nanocrystals were performed by high-dose (51017 cm-2) low-energy (24 keV) H+ ion implantation of silicon-on-insulator (SOI) layers. The formation of the nanocrystalline phase was observed in the as-implanted samples and in those annealed at the temperature of 200-400o C. Both the Raman shift and the broadening of the phonon peak corresponded to Si nanocrystals with the diameters ranging from ~2 to ~3 nm. The room-temperature photoluminescence (PL) peaked at 1.58 - 1.64 eV was observed at room temperature. The PL peak energy corresponded to the energy of quantum confined exciton in the Si nanocrystals with the diameters mentioned above. The PL intensity had the bell-shaped dependence on the measurement temperature and had its maximum near 150 K. The estimated thermal activation energy of the PL was about 12.1 meV and was in good accordance with the singlet-triplet splitting energy of the exciton states.
Short Communication: Estimating abundance, survival and age structure of the Alberes cattle using recapture techniques
Authors: Fina Marta , Casellas Joaquim , Piedrafita Jesús
Published: August 2011

Fina, M., Casellas, J. and Piedrafita, J. 2011. Short Communication: Estimating abundance, survival and age structure of the Alberes cattle using recapture techniques. Can. J. Anim. Sci. 91: 343–347. The Alberes breed is an endangered bovine breed with an unknown population size. In this study, we estimated a total of 447.9 (435.5 to 456.6) individuals using capture-recapture methods. Overall survival and recapture estimates were 0.85±0.01 and 0.94±0.01, respectively, leading to an average longevity of 5.64 yr and with the highest death rate concentrated in the first 3 yr of life (38.94%). For breeding cows, the average length of the productive life was 8.35 yr. The current population of this local breed is too small to prevent future losses of genetic variability, and a conservation program is essential to ensure the long-term viability of the breed.
Effect of backgrounding and transition diets on fecal concentration and strain types of commensalEscherichia coliin beef cattle
Authors: Su R. , Munns K. , Beauchemin K. A. , Schwartzkopf-Genswein K. , Jin-Quan L. , Topp E. , Sharma R.
Published: August 2011

Su, R., Munns, K., Beauchemin, K. A., Schwartzkopf-Genswein, K., Jin-Quan, L., Topp, E. and Sharma, R. 2011. Effect of backgrounding and transition diets on fecal concentration and strain types of commensal Escherichia coli in beef cattle. Can. J. Anim. Sci. 91: 449–458. The aim of the study was to assess the effect of four different backgrounding diets [55% corn silage in combination with 40% of either temper rolled barley-grain, wheat dried distillers' grain, corn dried distillers' grain or millrun (dry matter basis)] and a transition diet containing increasing amount of concentrate (60 to 90%) on fecal Escherichia coli in feedlot heifers. Heifers were fed backgrounding forage based diets for 91 d and then were shifted to a transition diet for an additional 18 d. Strain characterization of E. coli (n=224) was carried out at time time points over 109 d and indicated that heifers fed the barley–grain diet shed higher (P<0.001) total and tetracycline-resistant (Tetr) E. coli in the backgrounding phase. Of the total E. coli examined (n=224), 70.3% showed resistance to one or more of the 14 antimicrobials examined, which increased to 82.3% by day 109. Among the recovered E. coli, 23 phenotypes and 154 pulsed field gel electrophoresis patterns grouped into 38 clusters indicative of extensive E. coli diversity in heifers. Although supplementation of 40% barley-grain was correlated to higher total E. coli shedding in the backgrounding phase, the backgrounding diets did not influence strain clustering. Strains collected during the transition phase clustered more closely than those collected during the backgrounding phase. This increased strain clustering with high concentrate inclusion in the transition diet was observed within 18 d of the transition phase. Our study indicated variations in E. coli shedding rates and strain clustering in relation to time and diet.
Short Communication: Does the presence of the cow influence the absorption of immunoglobulins by the neonatal dairy calf?
Authors: Veira D. M. , Chapinal N. , Nadalin A.
Published: August 2011

Veira, D. M., Chapinal, N. and Nadalin, A. 2011. Short Communication: Does the presence of the cow influence the absorption of immunoglobulins by the neonatal dairy calf? Can. J. Anim. Sci. 91: 349–352. Holstein calves were kept with their dams for 0.5, 6 or 24 h after birth. Calves were fed 85 g colostrum kg–1birth weight 1 h after birth, and were prevented from suckling their dam. At 24 h, all calves had similar serum IgG levels indicating that the presence of their dam had no effect on IgG absorption.
An Efficient One‐Pot, Four‐Component Synthesis of {[(1H‐1,2,3‐Triazol‐4‐yl)methoxy]phenyl}‐1H‐pyrazolo[1,2‐b]phthalazine‐5,10‐dione Derivatives
Authors: Torkian Laleh , Dabiri Minoo , Salehi Peyman , Bararjanian Morteza
Published: August 2011

The 1‐{[(1H‐1,2,3‐Triazol‐4‐yl)methoxy]phenyl}‐1H‐pyrazolo[1,2‐b]phthalazine‐5,10‐dione derivatives 5 were synthesized by a simple and efficient method, i.e., by the four‐component, one‐pot condensation reaction of phthalohydrazide 4, a (propargyloxy)benzaldehyde 1, an active methylene compound 3 (malononitrile or ethyl cyanoacetate), and an azide 2 in the presence of Cu(OAc)2/sodium L‐ascorbate as catalyst and 1‐methyl‐1H‐imidazolium trifluoroacetate ([Hmim](CF3COO)) as an ionic‐liquid medium in good to excellent yields (Scheme 1).
Bioreduction of Acetophenone Derivatives by Red Marine Algae Bostrychia radicans and B. tenella, and Marine Bacteria Associated
Authors: Mouad Ana M. , Martins Mariana P. , Debonsi Hosana M. , de Oliveira Ana L. L. , de Felicio Rafael , Yokoya Nair S. , Fujii Mutue T. , de Menezes Claúdia B. A. , Fantinatti‐Garboggini Fabiana , Porto André L. M.
Published: August 2011

The biocatalytic reduction of acetophenone derivatives was exploited by using algal biomass from Bostrychia radicans and B. tenella producing exclusively (S)‐2‐phenylethanols with high enantiomeric excess (>99% ee). Bacterial populations associated with algal biomass were identified as the Bacillus genus. This report deals with the first investigations involving the use of marine bacteria associated with B. radicans and B. tenella marine algae for the biocatalytic reduction of acetophenone derivatives.
Two New 23‐Membered Macrolactones from a Terrestrial Bacterium, Streptomyces sp. IMBJ01
Authors: Gu Jing‐Yan , Han Wen‐Jun , Qi Fang‐Fang , Li Jing , Sun Shi‐Wei , Zhu Tian‐Jiao , Mao Wen‐Jun , Gu Qian‐Qun , Li De‐Hai
Published: August 2011

Two new unusual 23‐membered macrolactones, named griseoviridins B (1) and C (2), along with the known analogue griseoviridin (3) were isolated from the culture of Streptomyces sp. IMBJ01, a terrestrial bacterium isolated from Wolong, Sichuan Province, China. The structures of 1 and 2 were elucidated on the basis of extensive spectroscopic data and their absolute configurations were determined by comparison of their CD spectra with those of compound 3.