bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
European union emissions trading system with regard to climate change mitigation in Latvia
Authors: Pruse Ilze
Published: January 2020

The goal of this paper is to analyse the volumes of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from the European Union Emissions Trading System’s (EU ETS) participants in Latvia in relation to their participation therein. After describing and discussing the EU ETS mechanism and its operation in Latvia in the period 2005-2010, the interconnectedness between the GHG emissions and the EU ETS participants’ operation is analysed. The analysis concludes that, although the EU ETS has contributed towards GHG emission reduction, due to the growth of the economy, overall GHG emissions from the EU ETS participants in Latvia are increasing.
Optimizing Completion and Re-Fracturing Opportunities via Diversion
Authors: Omer Mohammed , Perez Oswaldo , Fragachan Fragachan E.
Published: January 2020

The main objective of diversion is to enhance contact of the stimulation fluid with the reservoir. If the diversion is designed by trial and error, without proper understanding of physics behind particle size distribution, and pumped downhole the uncertainty will be high and it will reduce the effectiveness of stimulating job.

Stimulating fluids pumped into a reservoir takes the least resistance path and goes into areas where often the stimulation is not required to increase production. The success of a hydraulic fracturing or acidizing treatment depends on maximizing the contact and distribution between the stimulation treatment and the reservoir. To achieve this goal, existing fluid paths must be efficiently temporarily blocked and divert the treatment fluid towards under-stimulated areas, which should maximize production.

The diversion is being widely used but it is not being focused on optimizing completion via an engineering approach. This paper will present a comprehensive discussion around missing factors associated with jamming and plugging efficiency, particle size, particle shape, frictional parameters, particle concentration, opening geometry, rate during placement, and particles size distribution and ratio. It will clearly highlight the importance of optimizing completion and re-fracturing opportunities via diversion.

Multiple experiments were conducted to quantify the effect of the different factors that dictate the overall goal of a successful diversion treatment. An analytical model based on computational fluid dynamics and discrete element modelling was developed, and calibrated with experimental results to optimize the different parameters that affect an optimum diversion. One of these key paramenters is the displacement rate during diverter injection, including determining the required spacers to minimize particle dispersion, ensuring the diverter pill arrives on formation intact and as designed to effectively create the temporary resistance required to effectively divert to under-stimulated areas.
Determining the Magnitude of Interference Among Adjacent Wells in a Saudi Arabian Unconventoinal Formation
Authors: Abaza Bayan , Baki Sohrat , Sadykov Almaz , Mechkak Karim , Rueda Jose
Published: January 2020

Gaining an understanding of the well to well interference during hydraulic fracturing and subsequently production interference is paramount in optimizing the costs associated with field development. Much work has been done in the industry to better understand the interference during hydraulic fracturing and production among adjacent wells. This paper presents an analysis that employed both a pressure interference analysis and chemical tracer analysis to gain a better understanding of the fracture interference in a well pad in the Jafurah field. The subject pad consists of 4 wells. Two of which run parallel in a north direction and the other two run parallel in the southern direction. All four wells were hydraulically fractured with slickwater design. Adjacent to the subject pad is another pad that had been previously stimulated with crosslink design and was used for pressure monitoring. The distance between the laterals was relatively similar (X ft) with one exception (2 × ft).

Initially, one well from both directions was stimulated with 33 stages each of slickwater design and the plugs were subsequently milled out. Afterwards, the other two wells were stimulated with 33 stages of slickwater each. In 7 of the 33 stages of the later wells, 20 oil and 20 water tracers were injected in sequence in an attempt to study the physical extent of the fractures generated. While the latter two wells were being stimulated, the wellhead pressure on the parallel wells was being monitored and recorded along with the wellhead pressures on the adjacent pad.

During flowback, the southern wells were flowed back simultaneously and flowback samples were collected to be analyzed for tracers. Subsequently, the northern wells were opened up to flowback in the same manner and flowback samples were also collected for tracer analysis. Wellhead pressure was monitored on the adjacent pad during flowback of all the wells.

The pressure data during the fracturing operation indicated for distance × ft and the size of stimulation stages pumped, a level of communication which was further verified by the production interference analysis as well as the tracer data.
Down Hole Barrier Valve Technology - Reducing Formation Damage and Improving Recovery
Authors: Wickramasinghe Tharinda
Published: January 2020

This paper describes the challenges faced when completing wells in the Mishrif formation of Southern Iraq, where well control concerns increase post acid stimulation of the reservoir due to the unpredictability of the formation's behavior.

One of the biggest challenges faced when drilling and completing in this formation is to manage a natural hydraulic balance of the reservoir to avoid the well switching from losses to kicks without warning. While this challenge is being addressed by carefully selecting drilling and completion fluids of specific densities, it has not been fully mitigated as wells have shown signs of switching state arbitrarily specifically post acid stimulation operations. In light of this challenge a completion design was proposed that incorporated a downhole bi-directional barrier valve which would ensure that the well bore would be secure upon installation of the lower completion. It was envisaged that this technology would help overcome any dynamic changes of the reservoir that may lead either to fluid loss, risking damage to the reservoir or kicks risking a catastrophic blow out.

A typical production well architecture in the Mishrif formation of the West Qurna-2 field would consist of 9-5/8′ production casing to surface and an 8-1/2′ Open Hole section that would be completed with either 7′ slotted or perforated liner. Well trajectories could vary from vertical to a maximum deviation of 60 degrees in most cases. The proposed design was to complete a few of the early phase wells using 9-5/8" × 5-1/2" mechanical ball valves incorporated into the lower completion which would therefore serve as a bi - directional barrier once installed and shifted closed.
New Ultra-Strong and Catalyst-Free PDC Cutting Element Technology
Authors: Zhan Guodong David , Moellendick Timothy Eric , Li Bodong , Gooneratne Chinthaka , He Duanwei
Published: January 2020

Drilling very hard, abrasive and interbedded formations requires PDC cutters not only to possess higher wear resistance and higher impact resistance but also sufficient thermal stability. PDC cutters from conventional high pressure and high temperature (HPHT) technology have limited thermal stability due to the presence of unavoidable Cobalt (Co) catalyst in the cutting structure. Here, we report a new game-changing PDC cutter technology via ultra high pressure and high temperature (UHPHT) technology to produce the world-first ultra-strong and catalyst-free PDC cutting elements. Conventional HPHT technology usually has a synthesis capability of pressures of 5.5 GPa to 7 GPa. In our study, the UHPHT technology is achieved by an innovative two-stage multi-anvil apparatus with novel high pressure assembly designs for generating ultra high-pressures up to 35 GPa - seven times higher than current PDC cutter technology. Micro-sized man-made diamond powders are used as a starting material without the use of any catalyst to make ultra-strong and catalyst-free PDC cutting materials using this high pressure work hardening approach. The design principles and experimental study of centimeter-sized sample chamber for novel 6-8 type two-stage static ultra high pressure apparatus will be detailed. The conventional PDC cutter manufacturing HPHT technologies will also be reviewed. The hardness and fracture toughness of the new cutting materials were evaluated using a Vickers hardness tester. The new ultra-strong PDC cutting materials without using any catalyst were synthesized under applied pressures - nearly three times higher than current PDC cutter manufacturing pressure. The Vickers hardness of the ultra-high pressure synthesized PDC cutting materials reached the top limit of the single crystal diamond, more than 200% higher than current PDC cutters. The PDC cutting elements also possess the metallic fracture toughness that is also more than 200% higher than that of current PDC cutters. More importantly, the PDC cutting materials exhibit the industry record on wear resistance, more than 200% higher than current PDC cutters. Materials characterization including SEM and TEM indicated that the breakthrough performance is directly related to the unique micro-/nano composite microstructure developed under ultra high pressure work hardening conditions. The ultra-strong and catalyst-free PDC cutting elements achieved by innovative ultra high pressure and ultra high temperature technology represent a breakthrough for oil and gas drilling technology.
Modeling Liquid Holdup in Pseudo-Slugs
Authors: Fan Yilin , Al-Safran Eissa , Pereyra Eduardo , Sarica Cem
Published: January 2020

Pseudo-slug flow is a sub-regime of intermittent flow that is characterized by short, undeveloped, frothy chaotic slugs, with translational velocity less than the mixture velocity of the fluids. Pseudo-slug flow does not comply with the basic characteristics of conventional unit-cell slug flow where liquid blocks the entire pipe cross-sectional area, and liquid is scooped at slug front, transferred to slug body, and shed back to liquid film. The liquid in pseudo-slug body is insufficient to reach the upper part of the pipe wall, resulting in only large wave with entrained gas bubbles at the bottom part of the pseudo slug body. Consequently, a significant reduction in the gas phase flowing area above the wave is formed, which increases the local gas velocity, entraining large volume of liquid droplets in the upper part of the slug body. Therefore, the pseudo-slug body can be divided into two regions, liquid film (wave) with entrained gas bubbles at the bottom, and gas core with entrained liquid droplets. The objective of this study is to develop a plausible physical model of the experimentally observed pseudo-slug liquid holdup phenomenon and model the physical and hydrodynamic behavior using a dimensional regression modeling approach.

This paper discusses liquid and gas entrainment mechanisms within pseudo-slug body based on experimental observation. Previous experimental results show that the proposed dimensionless groups; namely, Stokes, Slippage, and Poiseuille are strongly correlated to pseudo-slug body liquid holdup experimental data and are capable of describing the experimentally observed physical behavior. A linearized regression model is developed to combine the liquid holdup proportionally in both regions of the pseudo-slug body (mentioned above) and correlate them to the experimentally measured total pseudo-slug liquid holdup using wire mesh sensor. A validation study of the proposed model with Fan (2017) experimental data shows good agreement, outperforming all other existing slug liquid holdup correlations.
Advanced Integrated Subsurface 3D Reservoir Model for Multistage Full-Physics Hydraulic Fracturing Simulation
Authors: Izadi Ghazal , Guises Romain , Barton Colleen , Randazzo Santi , Mahrooqi Shabib , Shaibani Mahmood , Dobroskok Anastasia
Published: January 2020

A fit-for-purpose integrated subsurface study was carried out in a tight gas field in Oman to evaluate the stimulation process in horizontal wells. The objective is to explore the role of vertically and laterally heterogeneous in situ stress for hydraulic fracture (HF) propagation, and to quantify its effect on hydraulic fracture stimulation efficiency using a 3D fully-coupled hydraulic fracturing simulator for complex geological conditions. The use of advanced simulation tools that realistically predict the evolution of stresses in 3D allows us to explore the parameter space required to optimally design stimulations for complex tight and unconventional field development [Izadi et al. 2017; Cruz et al. 2018; Izadi et al. 2018].

The goal of this study is to test scenarios that increase production through reservoir contact by use of various fracturing techniques that improve the Stimulated Rock Volume (SRV).

The modeling scenarios include an assessment of:

The impact of high vs. low in situ stress on pressure response, proppant placement and near wellbore conductivity

The impact of in situ stress magnitude in near wellbore conductivity

The impact of fluid properties and landing zone on proppant transport

The effect of laminations on proppant transport

The impact of HF/natural fracture interactions on SRV

This study illustrates that for complex reservoirs where spatial heterogeneities, preexisting natural fractures, or transitional stress states are present, advanced 3D modeling provides insight critical to optimize development strategy. Through parametric stimulation modeling design, mechanisms driving drilling, completion, stimulation and productions processes can be honed to optimize and better manage the primary risks to development in tight/unconventional reservoirs .
A Novel Method of Crude Oil Water-Cut Detection Based on Multi-Sensor Fusion
Authors: Ren Guishan , Ge Dangke , Sun Kai , Chen Xuemei , Mi Lifei , Yao Xizhi
Published: January 2020

Water-cut detection of crude oil based on capacitive sensors and conductivity sensors are widely used in practice. However, the above two methods cannot achieve full-scale measurement of water-cut of crude oil. Besides, their measurement accuracy is sensitive to temperature, which greatly limits their application. A novel method of crude oil water-cut detection based on multi-sensor fusion is proposed in the paper.

The proposed method uses a capacitive sensor and a conductivity sensor to measure the crude oil separately, and uses a temperature sensor to compensate the measurement result at the same time. Finally, the proposed method introduces a neural network for data fusion to predict the water content. The experiment results show that the proposed multi-sensor fusion technique performs better than capacitance and conductivity technique. The accuracy of this method is higher than single capacitance or conductivity method. When the water content is lower than 3%, the prediction error is less than 0.1%. When the water content is in a range from 3% to 10%, the prediction error is less than 0.5%. When the water content is in a range from 10% to 100%, the prediction error is less than 1.5%.
Advances in LWD Sigma and a Novel Approach for Saturation Evaluation by Combining Resistivity and Capture Sigma for Low-Resistivity Pay Reservoirs
Authors: Majumdar Chandan , Adonis Ebozogo Mvou Hans
Published: January 2020

Conventional resistivity-based water saturation estimates using Archie's equation depend on petrophysical parameters strongly related to reservoir rock texture, pore structure, wettability, and formation salinity. These parameters are often not readily available and can vary significantly within and across depositional sequences. At the same time, for high-angle wells, the different bed boundary effects mask the true formation resistivity only to add to the grim of saturation evaluation. This makes formation sigma particularly interesting because it offers saturation estimation independent of resistivity measurement and empirical Archie exponents. However, the method has not been extensively used as the unknown invasion effect in single-depth sigma measurement can lead to erroneous interpretation.

With the availability of multiple-depth-of-investigation (MDOI) formation sigma, the latest logging-while-drilling (LWD) service provided means to invert for undisturbed formation sigma (Mauborgne et al. 2013). An invasion-free sigma and the resistivity log can be used together to simultaneously solve for the Sw and formation water salinity with a reasonable knowledge of the porosity and Archie parameters (m and n). The method solves for a salinity value that is consistent with the Sw calculated from resistivity and from sigma.

This technique was used for the first time to evaluate Sw in the Gamba-sand and Dentale, a reservoir with very low resistivity. Following the success, the method was used in another field (Robin) to evaluate similar reservoirs. The technique provided accurate oil saturations in the oil leg and proved its applicability in these fields. This paper will illustrate the methodologies of deriving true formation sigma and the advanced steps for combining sigma and resistivity to derive a precise answer.

The availability of LWD sigma opened new frontiers of applications beyond the conventional baseline monitoring logs. The capability of deriving true formation sigma along with the novel technique of integrating two different measurements, sigma and resistivity, to derive one single answer was the key to the success.
Bridging the Physics and Chemistry of Graphene(s): From Hückel’s Aromaticity to Dirac’s Cones and Topological Insulators
Authors: Zdetsis Aristides
Published: January 2020

By bridging graphene and benzene through a well-defined sequence of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and their inherent shell structure, it is shown that graphene is actually a coherent arrangement of interwoven benzene molecules, coordinated by aromaticity, shell structure, and topology, all interrelated and microscopically realized through dynamical flipping of the atomic pz-orbitals, playing the role of pseudospin or “qubits”. This renders graphene resonance structure, “resonating” between two complementary aromaticity patterns, involving 2k, k→∞ kekulé type of resonances resulting in “robust electronic coherence”, with dual “molecular-crystalline” nature, and two valence-conduction bands of opposite parity, driven by inversion symmetry competition, which is essentially a “molecule-versus-crystal” competition, in accord with topological-insulator and many-body theory. The “average picture” converges to the usual band structure with two aromatic π-electrons per ring, and the fingerprints of inversion-competition at the D3h-symmetric Dirac points, which for rectangular nanographene(s) appear as gapless topological edge states without real spin-polarization, contrary to opposite claims.
Combined Photoredox and Carbene Catalysis for the Synthesis of Ketones from Carboxylic Acids
Authors: Davies Anna , fitzpatrick keegan , Betori Rick , Scheidt Karl
Published: January 2020

Disclosed herein is the development of a novel single-electron reduction of acyl azoliums for the formation of ketones from carboxylic acids. Facile construction of the acyl azolium in situ followed by a radical-radical coupling was made possible using merged NHC-photoredox catalysis. The utility of this protocol in synthesis was demonstrated in the late-stage functionalization of a variety of pharmaceutical compounds.
Soft tissue discrimination with contrast agents using micro-CT scanning
Authors: Descamps Emilie , Sochacka Alicja , De Kegel Barbara , Van Loo Denis , Van Hoorebeke Luc , Adriaens Dominique
Published: January 2020

The use of high resolution, three-dimensional visualization has been receiving growing interest within life sciences, with non-invasive imaging tools becoming more readily accessible. Although initially useful for visualizing mineralized tissues, recent developments are promising for studying soft tissues as well. Especially for micro-CT scanning, several X-ray contrast enhancers are performant in sufficiently contrasting soft tissue organ systems by a different attenuation strength of X-rays. Overall visualization of soft tissue organs has proven to be possible, although the tissue-specific capacities of these enhancers remain unclear. In this study, we tested several contrast agents for their usefulness to discriminate between tissue types and organs, using three model organisms (mouse, zebrafish and Xenopus). Specimens were stained with osmium tetroxide (OsO4), phosphomolybdic acid (PMA) and phosphotungstic acid (PTA), and were scanned using high resolution microtomography. The contrasting potentials between tissue types and organs are described based on volume renderings and virtual sections. In general, PTA and PMA appeared to allow better discrimination. Especially epithelial structures, cell-dense brain regions, liver, lung and blood could be easily distinguished. The PMA yielded the best results, allowing discrimination even at the level of cell layers. Our results show that those staining techniques combined with micro-CT imaging have good potential for use in future research in life sciences.
An ecological study of Electra posidoniae Gautier, 1954 (Cheilostomata, Anasca), a bryozoan epiphyte found solely on the seagrass Posidonia oceanica (L.) Delile, 1813
Authors: Lepoint Gilles , Mouchette Olivier , Pelaprat Corine , Gobert Sylvie
Published: January 2020

The bryozoan Electra posidoniae Gautier is found solely on the leaves of the Neptune grass Posidonia oceanica (L.) Delile, dominating the leaf epifauna of this seagrass. Epiphytes of marine angiosperms (or seagrasses) often play an important role in ecosystem functioning, for example as food web suppliers. As dysfunction of the epiphytic component is often implied in human-induced seagrass decline, it is important to understand the dynamics and life traits of this community in pristine areas. This study involved the monthly assessment of colonization dynamics, biomass seasonality, and diet composition through measurements of stable isotopes, in E. posidoniae at a depth of 10 m in the Revellata Bay (Corsica, Mediterranean Sea). Ancestrulae (i.e. colony founders) appeared towards the end of winter and were very selective in their settlement position along the leaves of P. oceanica. A maximum of 100,000 colonies per square meter was recorded. Colonies of E. posidoniae dominated the epiphytic community biomass in early spring, but were overtaken by epiphytic algae in June. Food shortage could be involved in this reduction in dominance. Although stable isotope ratios of C, N and S showed that this suspension feeder mainly relies on the water column for its food, other food sources such as re-suspended epiphytic diatoms could be important in late spring (i.e. after the phytoplanktonic bloom). Additionally, a contribution of seagrass phytodetritus to the diet of this species cannot be excluded. The species was almost absent in winter, raising the question of its recruitment in spring. This study confirms the quantitative importance of this species in the seagrass meadow and explores its role in the relationship between the water column and this seagrass ecosystem.
Local distribution patterns of harvestmen (Arachnida: Opiliones) in a Northern temperate Biosphere Reserve landscape: influence of orientation and soil richness
Authors: Merino-Sáinz Izaskun , Anadón Araceli
Published: January 2020

The study at a local scale of the fauna in a natural mountain landscape provides insights regarding the patterns and the factors influencing distribution. We test if each type of natural forest and some open habitats in the Muniellos Biosphere Reserve have their own unique harvestmen assemblages. We further investigate the presence of groups of sites sharing harvestmen assemblages and the factors and indicator species involved. Nineteen sites with well-known phytosociological association were sampled during nine surveys from late 2001 to 2002 by means of three sampling protocols. The quality of the inventories was assessed via the corresponding species accumulation curves. The cluster analysis using the Bray Curtis similarity index showed the presence of two main distinct groups of sites. One group consisted of seven lower forest sites, while the second group contained samples from more open sites and lighter forests. IndVal analyses show the first group has six characteristic species and the second group has one. ANOSIM analyses revealed that the harvestmen community composition was significantly different between the two clusters. Orientation appears to be one main driver of harvestmen assemblages on Mount Muniellos: a clear distinction between the two clusters appears along the boundary of shady to sunny habitats. The vegetal associations that house the higher harvestmen species richness have the higher soil richness. Seven rare and infrequent species were found in forests with richer soil.
Biodiversity and seasonal variations of zooneuston in the northwestern Mediterranean Sea
Authors: Collard France , Collignon Amandine , Hecq Jean-Henri , Michel Loïc N. , Goffart Anne
Published: January 2020

Neuston includes animals and plants inhabiting the surface layer of the water column. The neustonic area is an accumulation zone for bacteria, organic molecules but also terrestrial debris. The surface layer is also the air/water exchange region. Therefore, neustonic organisms are directly exposed to several constraints such as wind stress and turbulence. The present study aims to characterize the zooneuston in terms of abundance and biodiversity and to evaluate the impacts of wind stress on neustonic abundance. Zooneustonic and zooplanktonic (depth of 5 meters) samples were collected twice a month between 30th August 2011 and 10th July 2012 in Calvi Bay, Corsica. Zooneustonic biodiversity was high and, notably, twenty-eight copepod genera were identified. Among these copepods, several organisms, belonging to the Pontellidae family, were much more frequent in neuston than in underlying plankton and their abundance depended on wind direction. Taxon-specific trends in seasonal abundance variation were present. For example, individuals of the Acantharia Lithoptera spp. were found in summer whereas the Pontellidae Anomalocera patersoni appeared in winter. Overall, our data provide a first step towards a better knowledge of neuston community structure in the Mediterranean Sea.
Effects of Indol-3-Acetic Acid on the biology of Galleria mellonella and its endoparasitoid Pimpla turionellae
Authors: Uçkan Fevzi , Özbek Rabia , Ergin Ekrem
Published: January 2020

The effects of indol-3-acetic acid (IAA) were investigated on biological parameters of Galleria mellonella (Linnaeus, 1758) (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) and its endoparasitoid Pimpla turionellae (Linnaeus 1758) (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae) reared on hosts treated with 50 to 10,000 ppm of IAA in their diet. Percent fecundity of first generation of G. mellonella females increased by 12% at 50 ppm whereas the most effective decrease, by >33%, was observed at 5,000 ppm. Percent fertility decreased by >20% at 1,000 ppm. All treatments displayed ±5% variations when compared to controls except for a >20% increase in corrected percent sterility at 1,000 ppm. The results did not reveal any considerable effect of IAA on egg hatching, larval and pupal developmental, or adult emergence times. The most striking effect observed was a decline in second generation pupal developmental time by >47% at 1,000 and 10,000 ppm. No dose-wise alterations were observed in adult longevity, weight, size and female sex ratio of G. mellonella. Treatment with IAA caused a slight prolongation in adult emergence and decrease in longevity of P. turionellae reared on hosts; longevity of wasps declined by >27% at higher doses. Neither wasp size nor weight displayed significant changes upon IAA treatment.
Early colonization on Artificial Seagrass Units and on Posidonia oceanica (L.) Delile leaves
Authors: Pête Dorothée C. , Lepoint Gilles , Bouquegneau Jean-Marie , Gobert Sylvie
Published: January 2020

Many epiphytes grow on Posidonia oceanica (L.) Delile leaves but early stages of that colonization are not well known. To study this early colonization without destroying the plant, Artificial Seagrass Units (ASUs) were utilised. The first nine days of colonization by macroscopic eukaryotic organisms on natural P. oceanica leaves and on ASUs were studied. The capability of those ASUs to mimic P. oceanica in the long term was also evaluated. Indeed, early colonists of a substrate can influence the settling of later ones by “priority effects”. Thus if the pioneer community is the same on both substrates, they will more likely be the same after a longer exposure time. On both substrates, colonization began by the settling of crustose-calcareous algae and foraminiferans. The number of organisms increased more quickly on ASUs than on natural leaves but Shannon-Wiener diversity index was higher for P. oceanica leaves. The low colonization rate on natural leaves may have been due to different microclimatic conditions on the two substrates and to a less developed biofilm than on ASUs. The high diversity observed on natural leaves was mainly related to the presence of bryozoan ancestrulae, which were absent on ASUs. Different microhabitats on each substrate (different algae morphotypes) can explain this difference. Thus, at such an early colonization stage, pioneer communities were different on the two substrates, suggesting that later communities would be different too. However, ASUs could be used in environmental perturbation studies instead of natural leaves, thanks to their high colonization rate.
Genetic monitoring of the endangered Pyrenean desman (Galemys pyrenaicus) in the Aude River, France
Authors: Gillet François , Le Roux Bruno , Blanc Frédéric , Bodo Aurélie , Fournier-Chambrillon Christine , Fournier Pascal , Jakob Frédérick , Lacaze Vincent , Némoz Mélanie , Aulagnier Stéphane , Michaux Johan R.
Published: January 2020

The Pyrenean desman (Galemys pyrenaicus) is a small semi-aquatic mammal endemic to the Pyrenean Mountains and the northern half of the Iberian Peninsula. This species is currently considered as vulnerable in the IUCN Red List and has been suffering from habitat loss and fragmentation for decades but little is known about the impact of water flow modifications induced by hydroelectric power plants. In order to address this issue we monitored Pyrenean desman individuals living in a harnessed section of the Aude River, by genotyping both faeces samples and hair of live-trapped animals. During a three-year study (2011-2013), a total of 39 individuals were identified using 24 microsatellite loci, 28 from faeces and 11 from trapped animals. Several long distance movements were evidenced up to at least 15 km, a distance that has never previously been reported. These movements might be related to modifications of the river bed caused by very high water flows that occurred during the repair of the Nentilla hydroelectric plant. The local population density suggests that the Aude River provides suitable habitat for the Pyrenean desman, and preservation of this habitat should be a priority for the conservation of this species.
Preferential use of one paw during feeding in the subterranean rodent Ctenomys talarum
Authors: Schleich Cristian E.
Published: January 2020

This is a Short Note without an abstract.
Pengaruh Pelatihan Knowledge Management Untuk Meningkatkan Kinerja Karyawan di PT. Semen Indonesia (Persero) Tbk
Authors: Wijayanti Tri Cicik
Published: January 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengungkap pengaruh pelatihan knowledge management terhadap kinerja karyawan PT. Semen Indonesia (Persero) Tbk. Hipotesis yang diajukan adalah (1) ada perbedaan kinerja karyawan setelah pelatihan antara kelompok eksperimen dengan kelompok kontrol, (2) ada perbedaan kinerja karyawan pada kelompok eksperimen antara sebelum pelatihan knowledge management dengan setelah pelatihan knowledge management, (3) ada perbedaan gain score kinerja karyawan pada kelompok eksperimen sebelum pelatihan dengan kinerja karyawan setelah pelatihan. Subjek dalam penelitian ini adalah pimpinan dan karyawan sebanyak 60 orang yang akan menjadi knowledge management agent atau pimpinan yang mengelola knowledge management dalam unit kerja PT Semen Indonesia. Metode pengumpulan data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini menggunakan skala kinerja karyawan, observasi dan wawancara. Teknik analisis data yang digunakan adalah sample T-Test untuk melihat perbedaan kinerja karyawan sebelum dan setelah pelatihan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat perbedaan kinerja karyawan sebelum dan setelah pelatihan. Knowledge management didasarkan pada teori berbasis sumber daya yang menganggap pengetahuan itu merupakan aset strategis yang berharga. Dengan demikian, perusahaan harus berinvestasi dalam bentuk sistem pengetahuan untuk mendapatkan keunggulan kompetitif yang berkelanjutan.
Implementation of SAK EMKM in CV Adro Textile through an Action Research Approach as a Form Financial Management Accountability
Authors: Farhan Ali , Mulyono Resha Dwi A. P.
Published: January 2020

Most of micro business industries have a problem on accountabilty and lack of information on financial and management knowledges. CV Adro Textile is one of the micro business which faced those problems. This research aims to introduce an accounting policy and standard into action research methodolgy for a micro business such as CV Adro Textile. CV Adro textile is a manufacturing company that engaged in the garment sector. During its business, CV Adro Textile faced some problems regarding to the financial information. CV Adro Textile cannot ensure the profit that been generated, the cash turnover, and the production cost as well as the financial information for the taxation need. Through the action research, this research tried to implement the EMKM financial accounting standard to fulfill CV Adro Textile’s needs to the accountable financial statements.  Action research is a research procedure aims to implement a new policy based on needs and problems of the research object. The results of this research were an accounting recording system for CV Adro Textile based on SAK EMKM and an evaluation of the SAK EMKM application that apparently could not accommodate the whole recording needs and information of an industry. This paper contribute to the way of intorducing an accounting standart into a micro entity
ОСОБЛИВОСТІ ВЗАЄМОЗВ’ЯЗКУ МІЖ КОНСТРУКТОМ ПРОФЕСІЙНОГО ВИГОРАННЯ ТА ПРОЯВОМ АГРЕСИВНИХ ФОРМ ПОВЕДІНКИ ОСОБИСТОСТІ
Authors: Kulchytska Anna , Fedotova Tetiana
Published: January 2020

Професійна діяльність є однією із найважливіших сфер життя сучасної людини. Це не лише джерело матеріальних ресурсів, необхідних для забезпечення її базових потреб, а й підґрунтя для самореалізації, самоствердження особистості, задоволення амбіцій і прагнень. Синдром професійного вигорання займає одне із ключових місць серед широкого спектру суспільних проблем. Дослідження присвячене проблемі взаємозв’язку рівня сформованості синдрому професійного вигорання особистості та особливостей прояву агресії. У статті систематизовано та узагальнено сукупність наукових поглядів із проблематики професійного вигорання та агресії. Професійне вигорання визначено як відносно стійку властивість особистості, що зумовлена специфікою професійної діяльності та виступає відхиленням від соціальної норми, що призводить до негативних змін у поведінці. Агресія розглядається як будь-яка форма поведінки, націлена на образу, чи заподіяння шкоди в процесі суб’єктно-об’єктних відносин. Емпіричне дослідження ґрунтувалося на методиці О. Рукавішнікова «Визначення психічного вигорання», опитувальнику Басса-Дарки, та опитувальнику легітимізованої агресії М. Хогбен в адаптації С. М. Єніколопова і М. П. Цибульського. Встановлено, що у вибірці осіб із яскраво вираженим професійним вигоранням (перша группа), у порівнянні з працівниками не схильними до нього (друга группа), частіше фіксуються загальні індекси агресивності та ворожості, що перевищують допустиму норму. Диференціація представників обох груп виявлена і за схильністю до виявлення різних видів агресивної поведінки, зокрема, опосередкованої агресії, роздратування, образи, підозрілості. У результаті дослідження також проаналізовано схильність представників двох вказаних груп до легітимізації агресії у різних сферах життя.
Effectiveness of Tempe Biscuits and Honey to Decrease Frequency of Stools in Children Diarrhea
Authors: Nurwahidah Nurwahidah , Arbianingsih Arbianingsih
Published: January 2020

Frequency of stools in diarrhea children requires special attention because it can cause dehydration which is the leading cause of death in children with diarrhea. Previous studies state that tempe and honey are effective in reducing the frequency of stools in diarrhea children. However, it is not known which intervention is more effective. Therefore, this study aims to determine whether there is a difference in the effectiveness of tempe biscuits and honey to decrease the frequency of stools in diarrhea. This study employed the quasi-experiment design with two groups pre and post-test. A total of 30 samples were taken by Accidental Sampling. Samples were divided into 2 groups, where 15 people were given the intervention of tempe biscuits, and 15 other people were given honey. Giving tempe biscuits and honey are given 3 times a day for two consecutive days. Data were analyzed using the Wilcoxon Test. The results of this study indicate that tempe biscuits and honey is effective in reducing the frequency of stools in diarrhea children (p = 0.001 and p<0,001). Although the decrease in the frequency of stools in the group with honey was greater than the group with tempe biscuits, the results of this study showed that there were no significant differences between the two interventions to decrease the frequency of stools (p = 0.385). Therefore, in reducing the frequency of defecation, tempe biscuit and honey can be used as good food supplements for diarrhea children.
Physical Activity Among Obese And Non-Obese School-Aged Children in An Elementary School in Makassar
Authors: Erika Kadek Ayu , Syahrul Syahrul , Ilkafah Ilkafah , Puspitha Arnis
Published: January 2020

The Prevalence of obesity among children in the urban areas is increasing due to less physical activity, high consumption of fast-food, and more time spent on using the gadget. This study aimed to identify physical activity among obese and non-obese children. This descriptive study involved 322 obese and non-obese students from 4th to 6th grade in an elementary school in Makassar. Physical Activity Questionnaire for Older Children (PAQ-C) was used to measure childrenâ€™s physical activity, while the anthropometrical parameter was measured using a standardized instrument. Childrenâ€™s body mass index for age z-score (BAZ) was used to classify their nutritional status based on the criteria of Growth Reference for Children from 5 to 19 years old from World Health Organization. Cross-tabulation was used in analyzing the data. Obese and non-obese children in this study were found 53 (16,0%) and 279 (84,0%), respectively. A hundred percent of obese children have low physical activity, while non-obese children have better physical activity. In conclusion, elementary school students in this study have low physical activity, particularly among obese children. Children are rarely spent on their time to do physical activity. There is a need to promote appropriate physical activity among children to prevent and treat obesity among children. Health professionals could provide health education and counseling to children, family and/or schools to manage physical activity among children.
Effectiveness of Multimodal Interventions Play Therapy: Colouring and Origami Against Anxiety Levels in Toddler Ages
Authors: Juwita Helmi
Published: January 2020

Anxiety is the most common feeling experienced by pediatric patients, especially toddler age (1-3 years) who are hospitalized. Anxiety behavior in toddler age children during hospitalization consists of crying, shouting, refusing to take action, expressing fear, unwillingness to be approached, not wanting to be left behind by parents and unwilling to be approached by nurses or health workers. One effort that can be done to reduce anxiety is through play therapy: colouring and origami activities. The aim of the study was to determine the effectiveness of multimodal interventions play therapy: colouring and origami on anxiety levels in toddler age children. This research is a type of experimental research with a pretest-posttest one group design. Purposive sampling technique was used to recruit 20 children which comprised 10 children in control group and 10 children treatment group. The research instrument used an observation sheet which was modified by Kurniawati.The data was analyzed using paired t test and independent test. The study shows there are significant differences in the level of anxiety scores between the intervention group and the control group, where level of anxiety in intervention group is lower than control group. Therefore, the study indicates that multimodal interventions play therapy: colouring and origami are effective against anxiety levels in toddler age children.
Relationship of Knowledge, Skills, and Cadre's Guidance with The Cadre's Activeness in Family Nutrition Support at Puskesmas Barana North Belopa in 2017
Authors: Hidayat Wahyu , Ryadinency Resty , Jumraini Jumraini
Published: January 2020

Posyandu cadres are community members who are willing, able and have time to organize Posyandu activities in a voluntary way. Factors associated with the liveliness of Posyandu are cadre's knowledge, skills and supervision. These factors can determine the activeness of community helath center cadres (Posyandu) to family nutrition support. This study was observational with cross-sectional design, the population in this study were all cadres in 9 units Posyandu in the work area of Puskesmas Barana North Belopa Luwu Regency. Sampling was total sampling, which were 45 respondents. Data collection used questionnaires. The data collected were then processed and analyzed using univariate and bivariate analysis chi-squre test using statistic program (SPSS) 20. The table was presented in a 2x2. An univariate analysis was to find frequency distribution, in which bivariate analysis showed a correlation between knowledge and cadre's liveliness in supporting family nutrition improvement (p = ,000). There is a relationship between skill and cadre's liveliness in family nutrition support (p =,000), there is a relationship between cadre's guidance and cadre's activeness in family nutrition support (p = ,014). There is a relationship of knowledge, skills, and cadre's guidance with the cadre's activeness in family nutrition support at Puskesmas Barana North Belopa in 2017
Effect of Foot Massage on Decreasing Blood Pressure in Hypertension Patients in Bontomarannu Health Center
Authors: Fitriani Fitriani , R Risnawati H , Ratnasari Ratnasari , Azhar Maria Ulfah
Published: January 2020

Hypertension is called the silent killer because the symptoms are often without complaints. The number of people with hypertension in the world continue to increase every year, estimated that by 2025 there will be 1.5 billion people affected by hypertension. It is also estimated that every year 9.4 million people die from hypertension and complications. when anti-hypertension is needed, non-pharmacological treatment can be used as a complement to get a better treatment effect. One of the non-pharmacological therapies offered to reduce hypertension with massage therapy (massage). The aim of the study was to determine the effect of foot massage on reducing blood pressure in hypertensive patients in the work area of â€‹â€‹Bontomarannu Health Center, Gowa Regency. This research was conducted on January  2015 using the static group comparison method. The population in this study were residents in the working area of â€‹â€‹Bontomarannu Health Center and samples were taken with purposive sampling technique with a total sample of 20 people. Based on the results of the study it was found that the administration of foot massage interventions can reduce blood pressure. The statistical test results showed between the systole control group (p-value 0.798), the diastolic control group (p-value 0.726) and the systolic treatment group (p-value 0.004), the diastolic treatment group (p-value 0.005). The administration of foot massage intervention has an influence on the decrease in blood pressure compared to the group that is not given a foot massage intervention.
Scalar particle with the Darwin – Cox intrinsic structure in the external Coulomb field
Authors: Voynova Ya. A. , Koralkov A. D. , Оvsiyuk E. M.
Published: January 2020

The generalized Klein – Fock – Gordon equation for a particle with the Darwin–Cox structure allowing for a charge distribution of a particle over a sphere of finite radius is studied with regard to the external Coulomb field. The separation of variables is carried out, the obtained radial equation is significantly more complicated than the equation in the case of ordinary particles, it has essentially singular points r = 0 of rank 3, r = ∞ of rank 2 and 4 regular singular points. In the case of a minimum orbital momentum l = 0, the structure of singularities is simplified: there are essentially singular points r = 0, r = ∞ of rank 2 and 4 regular singular points. Frobenius solutions of this equation are constructed and the structure of the 7-term recurrence relations for the coefficients of the arising power series is investigated. As an analytical quantization condition, the generalized transcendence requirement of solutions is used; it allows one to obtain a fourth-degree algebraic equation for energy levels. The equation has 4 sets of roots depending on the orbital moment l and the main quantum number k = 1,2,3,… . The numerical analysis shows that one of the sets of the roots 0 < εl,k < mc2 can be interpreted as those corresponding to certain bound states of the particle in the Coulomb field.
Some features of acousto-optic interaction of optical and acoustic Bessel beams in transversely isotropic optically positive crystals
Authors: Belyi V. N. , Khilo P. A. , Kazak N. S. , Khilo N. A.
Published: January 2020

Some basic properties of acousto-optical (AO) diffraction involving Bessel light and acoustic beams in anisotropic crystals are investigated. Hexagonal symmetry crystals are considered and are optically uniaxial and positive and acoustically transversely isotropic. It is shown that, unlike the case of AO diffraction of plane waves, the transition to Bessel beams allows one to realize a number of new diffraction channels having specific configurations of the wave vectors of interacting waves while maintaining the axial symmetry of the optical scheme as a whole. The diffraction channels for anisotropic scattering are classified and the main parameters of the scattered Bessel light beam and the parameters of the Bessel acoustic beam are calculated for each of them. The possibility of implementing the isotropic-type diffraction was revealed, which makes it possible to increase the efficiency of AO conversion. The parameters of this-type diffraction are determined for two scattering channels, namely, for scattering by a direct Bessel acoustic beam and by a backward propagating acoustic beam.

Due to the appearance of a set of scattering channels and with regard to the fact that Bessel light and acoustic beams have helical wave front dislocations, as well as suppressed diffraction spreading, the study of the features of AO diffraction of such beams in optically positive crystals has both a scientific and practical interest.