bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
IMPLEMENTASI TUJUAN JANGKA MENENGAH PROYEK PERUBAHAN OLEH ALUMNI DIKLAT TINGKAT III POLA BARU (Studi Kasus di Sekretariat Daerah Provinsi Sulawesi Utara)
Authors: Rotinsulu Fredrik
Published: November 2018

This study is a study focusing on the implementation of Medium-Term Project goals of Change from the three Esalon Officials who have attended the Third Level Leadership Training of New Patterns. This research takes place in North Sulawesi Provincial Secretariat. Research focus on the implementation of intermediate goals of change projects, inhibiting factors, supporting factors. Implementation of the medium-term objectives of the change project in the Provincial Secretariat can be realized due to the commitment of Mentor, Coach, Project Leader During Project Change Seminar. The inhibiting factors in the implementation of mid-term change project objectives within the scope of the North Sulawesi Provincial Secretariat include (1) Moving external stakeholders need time in coordination, (2) The budget for medium-term objectives is not yet embedded in the Bureau's budget, (3) Project Leader is assigned. (4) Not yet mastering foreign languages especially Mandarin. (5) There is a stacholder that does not seriously support the implementation of the change project. Factors supporting stakeholder participation in the implementation program include: (1) Leadership Commitment, (2) Project Leader Cooperation with stakeholders, (3) Governor Regulation No. 25/2016 on Guidance on Case Handling within Local Government North Sulawesi Province.Keywords: Implementation, Stakeholder, Destination of Intermediate Project Steps
PENGARUH PRODUK DOMESTIK BRUTO, INFLASI DAN RASIO GINI TERHADAP PENGANGGURAN TERBUKA DI PROVINSI DKI JAKARTA
Authors: Wirawan Sri Mahendra Satria
Published: November 2018

Gross Regional Domestic Product (GRDP) which provides a comprehensive picture of the economic conditions of a region is indicator for analyzing economic region development. Another indicator that is no less important is inflation as an indicator to see the level of changes in price increases due to an increase in the money supply that causes rising prices. The success of development must also look at the income inequality of its population which is illustrated by this ratio. One of the main regional development goals is to improve the welfare of its people, where to see the level of community welfare, among others, can be seen from the level of unemployment in an area. To that end, in order to get an overview of the effects of GRDP, inflation and the ratio of gini to unemployment in DKI Jakarta for the last ten years (2007-2016), an analysis was carried out using multiple linear regression methods. As a result, together the relationship between GRDP, inflation and the Gini ratio is categorized as "very strong" with a score of 0.936, and has a significant influence on unemployment. Partially, the GRDP gives a significant influence, but inflation and gini ratio do not have a significant influence. GDP, inflation and the Gini ratio together for the last ten years have contributed 81.4% to unemployment in DKI Jakarta, while the remaining 18.6% is influenced by other variables not included in this research model, so for reduce unemployment in DKI Jakarta, programs that are oriented to economic growth, suppressing inflation and decreasing this ratio need to be carried out simultaneously. Keywords: GRDP, inflation, unemployment, DKI Jakarta, GINI ratio
EFEKTIVITAS PEMBELAJARAN PENDIDIKAN DAN PELATIHAN LATIHAN DASAR (LATSAR) MELALUI COACHING FASILITATOR P ADA BPSDMD PROVINSI NUSA TENGGARA TIMUR
Authors: Djoka P. Pieter
Published: November 2018

The year 2014 becomes a very important moment for the local government because it was published Law Number 23 Year 2014 on Regional Government. In the same year, the Government and House of Representatives (DPR) issued Law Number 5 Year 2014 on State Civil Apparatus or abbreviated ASN. In Law no. 5/2014 mentioned that ASN consists of Civil Servants (PNS) and Government Employees with Work Agreement (PPPK). In this article, the discussion is only emphasized on the management of civil servants, especially Learning Preparatory Training through Coaching Facilitator. The method of writing using qualitative methods, with data collection in the form of interviews and literature study. Based on the analysis and discussion that has been done, there are some recommendations that need to enforce the implementation of curriculum / training materials in accordance with the provisions of legislation, need to conditioning and increase the motivation of pre-service training participants to support the training objectives, need to increase the ability Widyaiswara as educators, teachers, and trainers of pre-service training, need selection and application of learning methods of pre-service training in accordance with the training materials given to the pre-service training participants, and the fulfillment of infrastructure and training facilities in order to support the successful implementation of pre-service training.Keywords: Effectiveness, Preparatory Training, Coaching Facilitator, East Nusa Tenggara.
KEPEMIMPINAN KEPALA UNIT PELAKSANA TEKNIS (UPT) PENDIDIKAN KECAMATAN DALAM IMPLEMENTASI KEBIJAKAN PENDIDIKAN NONFORMAL DI KABUPATEN BANJAR
Authors: Sumadi Sumadi
Published: November 2018

District Education Technical Implementation Unit (UPT) having duties and functions includes providing guidance to PAUD education units and non-formal education. In an effort to realize the vision, mission, and goals of education, as well as an increase in the average number of years of schooling in Banjar district, an important role of the Head of the UPT is needed. District education, namely: (1) interpersonal roles, informational roles, role of decision makers, and the role of supervision in the implementation of non-formal education policies. The purpose of this study in detail is to describe and explain: (1) the role of interpersonal (2) informational role, (3) the role of decision maker (decision maker), (4) the role of controlling the head of the UPT. Education in Martapura, Astambul, and Mataraman Districts in the implementation of non-formal education policies. This study uses a qualitative approach to naturalistic phenomenology, with a multi-case study study design using in-depth interview techniques, observation, and documentation studies, holistic data analysis, and reporting by describing themes, issues, and implications of the phenomenon between cases contextually. The results showed that: (1) The role of interpersonal head of the UPT. Martapura District Education, UPT. Astambul Education, and UPT. Mataraman District education in the implementation of non-formal education policies tends to be persuasive, participatory, and motivational styles in the implementation of non-formal education policies. (2) Informational roles tend to delegate to staff, and those who are trusted in receiving, sharing and monitoring information, are focused on the leadership in receiving, sharing, and monitoring information, and adjusting the situation and conditions as well as the substance of information (delegation or centralization to the leadership). (3) Role of Decision Makers leaders tend towards democratic, participatory and situational types. (4) The role of supervision carried out by leaders varies according to scheduled, unscheduled, scheduled but tentative adjusting needs, oriented to the process and results in supporting the implementation of non-formal education policies. Suggestions are addressed to: (1) UPT. District Education in the Banjar Regency region, the results of this study can provide a positive contribution to the increasing role of the Head of the UPT. Education from the perspective of leadership management, (2) the Education Office of Banjar Regency as the Development Agency, the results of this study can provide input as a policy direction, (3) Human Resources Development Agency (BPSDM) of South Kalimantan Province as a reference for the development and improvement of human resources leadership and as a reference in adding repertoire to further research.Keywords: Role of Leadership, Policy Implementation, Non-formal Education
Correlation between hemoglobin, serum albumin, body mass index, hemodialysis shift time and hemodialysis adequacy with quality of life in hemodialysis patients
Authors: Tanod Darryl Virgiawan , Rotty Linda , Palar Stella , Moeis Emma
Published: November 2018

Background CKD Patients on routine hemodial­ysis (HD) are prone to medical complications and conditions that are potentially detrimental to the quality of life (QoL), such as anemia, malnutri­tion, low body mass index (BMI), HD shift time, and HD adequacy measured by Kt/V. CKD patients undergoing routine HD mostly have lowered QoL and are at higher risk for malnutrition, inflammation, hospitalization, and mortality, compared to the general population. This study intends to find out wheth­er there is a correlation between these factors and the quality of life of patients undergoing rou­tine hemodialysis. Methods The design of this study is a cross-sectional analysis of observational data. Hemodialysis patients from general hospital Prof. dr. R. D. Kandou Manado for 3 months from August to October 2017 were included. Fifty-two patients meet the inclusion and exclusion criteria. The correlation between quality of life with anemia, serum albumin, BMI, adequacy of HD, using Pearson correlation test (if normality test fulfilled) or Spearman correlation test (if the normality test not fulfilled) and Independent Samples T-test to assess the quality of life with HD shift time. Results This study found no correlation between hemoglobin levels (p=0.244, r=-0.098), BMI (p=0.473, r=-0.010), HD timing (p=0.082) and quality of life of the patients, but a significant correlation between se­rum albumin (p=0.020, r=0.286), HD adequacy mea­sured by Kt/V (p=0.030, r=0.257) and subjects’ qual­ity of life. Conclusion This study showed that serum albumin and Kt/V values had a significant correlation with quality of life, while hemoglobin, BMI and dialy­sis shift time are not related to the quality of life.
Effect of Calcineurin Inhibitor on Blood Glucose Level in Non-Diabetic Kidney Transplant Patients
Authors: Aditiawardana A , Liani Fauzia N , Irwanadi Chandra , Mardiana Nunuk , Pranawa P
Published: November 2018

Background Calcineurin inhibitor (CNI) is a class of immunosuppressant agent used in kidney transplant management, known to pose risk for new-onset diabe­tes after transplant (NODAT). Tacrolimus and cyclo­sporine cause NODAT through multiple mechanisms, such as decreasing insulin secretion, increasing in­sulin resistance, and a direct effect on the pancreatic beta cell. Method This is a retrospective study on pa­tients receiving immunosuppressant agents for kidney transplant patients in Surabaya. The immunosuppres­sant agents studied were CNI (tacrolimus and cyclo­sporine) in combination with mycophenolate mofetil (MMF) or azathioprine (Aza) and steroid. The blood glucose measured were fasting blood glucose (FBD) and 2-hour postprandial blood glucose (2PPBG). Ob­jective Aim of this study is to determine the effect of calcineurin inhibitor (CNI) on glucose regulation in the nondiabetic renal transplant patient. Result Fifty-six subjects were included in the study, divided into two groups. One group of 28 patients (50%) received tac­rolimus-MMF-MP and the other group received cyc­losporine-MMF-MP. A significant increase in fasting blood glucose (pre-intervention level 86 ± 6 mg/dl vs post-intervention level 109 ± 34 mg/dl with p = 0.01) and 2-hour postprandial blood glucose (pre-interven­tion level 117 ± 20 mg/dl vs post-intervention level 150 ± 43 mg/dl with p < 0.001) was found in the tacro­limus group. A significant increase was also found in the cyclosporine group, both in fasting blood glucose (pre-intervention value 85 ± 7 mg/dl vs post-interven­tion value 97 ± 22 mg/dl with p = 0.002) and 2-hour postprandial blood glucose (pre-intervention value 119 ± 18 mg/dl vs post-intervention value 148 ± 55 mg/dl with p = 0.001). Tacrolimus was found to have a relative risk of NODAT up to 1.2 fold compared to cy­closporine. Conclusion Tacrolimus poses 1.29 relative risk of NODAT compared to cyclosporine. However, both drugs significantly increase fasting blood glucose and 2-hour postprandial blood glucose in non-diabetic patients receiving kidney transplantation.
Prognostic factors and impact of peritoneal dialysis-related early peritonitis on mortality in Sardjito General Hospital, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
Authors: Puspitasari Metalia , Prasanto Heru , Kuswadi Iri
Published: November 2018

Background Peritonitis has been reported to be asso­ciated with high mortality. However, information on the impact of the first peritonitis episode on continu­ous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD) patients is sparse. ObjectiveTo determine the association between peritoneal dialysis-related early peritonitis and mor­tality. To determine prognostic factors on mortality in peritonitis patients with peritoneal dialysis. Methods A retrospective observational cohort study was conducted over 5 years at a single PD unit in Sardjito Hospital. Inclusion criteria: First onset of peritonitis patients with peritoneal dialysis from 2013 -2017, age ≥ 18 years old. Exclusion criteria: Incomplete medical records. A total of 48 patients on CAPD with peritonitis was divided into the early onset of peritonitis (< 20 months) and late onset of peritonitis ( ≥ 20 months. Kaplan-Meier survival curve was used to display cumulative relative risk as a parameter of prognostic factors. Results A total of 48 patients (early onset of peritonitis, n = 31; late onset of peritonitis, n = 17) were analyzed in our study with a mean of age50.6 years consisted of males 64.6%. There was a significant difference in patients’ mortality between the early and late onset of peritoni­tis. The Kaplan-Meier analysis revealed that log-rank test, p<0.05 with a mean survival time of patients with early peritonitis and late peritonitis was 236 days (95% CI: 162-309 days) and 1702 days (95% CI: 1067-2338 days) consecutively. Compared to those who were nor­moweight, underweight or overweight patients had in­creased risk of mortality, (RR 1.14 and 1.15; p=0.003, respectively). There was a significant association be­tween diabetes mellitus and lower serum creatinine levels, and the risk of mortality (RR 1.43, p=0.03 and mean difference -6.01, p< 0.001, respectively). Conclusions Early peritonitis patients have a poor prognosis compared to the late peritonitis group. Pa­tients with shorter time to first peritonitis were prone to having a higher mortality rate. Diabetes mellitus, under­weight or overweight, and lower serum creatinine are prognostic factors of mortality in peritonitis patients.
An assessment of the effectiveness of support for university programs from the human capital operational program in years 2013-2015 in the development of students competences in entrepreneurship
Authors: Koroniejko Kinga
Published: November 2018

The article presents the ways of support from European funds in the development of student competencies and organizational innovation in the field education. It is based on a case study of the project ‘Inżynieria materiałowa – inżynieria przyszłości’ (Material engineering – engineering of the future’), financed by the European Social Fund in Poland. The project was implemented at the Faculty of Mechanical Engineering of the Cracow University of Technology in the years 2012-15. The research methods used are critical analysis of literature sources, surveys and a case study of the project mentioned above.
Pressure measurement as a tool to identify moisture transport mechanisms in convective drying of non-shrinking material
Authors: Adamska Anna , Pakowski Zdzisław
Published: November 2018

The drying process is one of the most important stages in the production of building materials. The choice of the drying method affects the chemical and physical properties of the final product. The aim of this research is to measure and analyze the dynamic changes of internal pressure in non-shrinking, porous material during convective drying. In this work the problem will be discussed with special attention to the behavior of rewetted plaster. A commercial gypsum of company PIOTROWICE II (Alpol brand), typically used in construction and decorative plastering was applied. Gypsum was mixed with water in recommended proportion of 0.6 water/gypsum and drying experiments were performed at 50°C. The changes in sample overall mass as well as
pressure and material temperature on the midpoint of sample axis were monitored. On the basis of the obtained experimental data of axial pressure, it is possible to perform a more detailed analysis of mass and heat transfer mechanisms than based on the drying kinetics alone. The pressure trends in the sample allow one to determine the moment of transition from the first to the second drying period, without the need to determine the kinetics of drying. The element of novelty consists of using a direct internal pressure
measurement to provide information on the variation of the actual drying rate and mass transfer mechanisms.
How Does Water-Stressed Corn Respond to Potassium Nutrition? A Shoot-Root Scale Approach Study under Controlled Conditions
Authors: Jordan-Meille Lionel , Martineau Elsa , Bornot Yoran , Lavres José , Abreu-Junior Cassio Hamilton , Domec Jean-Christophe
Published: November 2018

Potassium (K) is generally considered as being closely linked to plant water dynamics. Consequently, reinforcing K nutrition, which theoretically favors root growth and specific surface, extends leaf lifespan, and regulates stomatal functioning, is often used to tackle water stress. We designed a greenhouse pot-scale device to test these interactions on corn (Zea mays L.), and to analyze their links to plant transpiration. Three levels of K nutrition were combined with two water-supply treatments. Shoot and root development and growth were continuously measured during a 60-day-long experiment. Individual plant transpiration was measured by weighing pots and by calculating water mass balances. The results showed that, although K deficiency symptoms resembled those caused by water shortage, there was no advantage to over-fertilizing water-stressed plants. K failed to decrease either the transpiration per unit leaf surface or to improve water use efficiency. The link between K nutrition and plant transpiration appears solely attributable to the effect of K on leaf area. We conclude that K over-fertilization could ultimately jeopardize crops by enhancing early-stage water transpiration to the detriment of later developmental stages.
Water Extraction from Air by Refrigeration—Experimental Results from an Integrated System Application
Authors: Cattani Lucia , Magrini Anna , Cattani Paolo
Published: November 2018

Water is an indispensable resource for life. Several technologies have been studied and used in the past to extract water from the ground, the air or the sea. The technologies vary depending on community needs and resources. In developed countries, air conditioning systems are widespread, and the use of condensed water from air conditioning systems is of potential interest. In hot and dry climates, in arid regions where refrigeration processes represent a basic need for indoor comfort, advantages of an integrated design of HVAC (Heating, Ventilation and Air Conditioning) systems optimized for water production rather than for air treatment could be evaluated. In the current work, a real application, which embodies savings of both energy and drinking water, is presented. It represents an evolution of a previously studied integrated system to simultaneously provide air conditioning and water to a hotel. The main target of this system is to meet drinking water requirements and, secondly, to provide domestic water heating and primary air for a non-conditioned zone. Main features of the integrated system are outlined, the needs of the hotel are described, and calculations of water and energy savings are presented. Moreover, a simulation tool was developed with the aim to evaluate possible water savings in a one-year period and to improve the efficiency of the system. A method to verify the effectiveness of the integrated system is also described.
Acoustic Emission Based on Cluster and Sentry Function to Monitor Tensile Progressive Damage of Carbon Fiber Woven Composites
Authors: Zhou Wei , Zhang Peng-fei , Zhang Yan-nan
Published: November 2018

Understanding the tensile failure mechanisms in carbon fiber woven composites based on the acoustic emission (AE) technique is a challenging task. In this study, the mechanical behaviors of composites were studied under uniaxial tensile loading. Meanwhile, the internal damage evolution process in composites was monitored by AE and the recorded AE signals were analyzed. To achieve the dominant damage mechanisms in composites, five AE parameters such as rise time, duration, energy, peak amplitude, and frequency were selected for cluster analysis by a k-means algorithm. The results show that AE signals can be divided into three clusters based on microscopic observations and frequency range. The three clusters correspond to three kinds of damage modes such as matrix cracking, fiber/matrix debonding, and fiber breakage. In addition, the sentry function (SF) was adopted to investigate AE signals originated from the internal damage evolution in composites. It was found that the drop in the SF curve corresponds to the serious damage of the composites.
Design and Testing of a LUT Airfoil for Straight-Bladed Vertical Axis Wind Turbines
Authors: Li Shoutu , Li Ye , Yang Congxin , Zhang Xuyao , Wang Qing , Li Deshun , Zhong Wei , Wang Tongguang
Published: November 2018

The airfoil plays an important role in improving the performance of wind turbines. However, there is less research dedicated to the airfoils for Vertical Axis Wind Turbines (VAWTs) compared to the research on Horizontal Axis Wind Turbines (HAWTs). With the objective of maximizing the aerodynamic performance of the airfoil by optimizing its geometrical parameters and by considering the law of motion of VAWTs, a new airfoil, designated the LUT airfoil (Lanzhou University of Technology), was designed for lift-driven VAWTs by employing the sequential quadratic programming optimization method. Afterwards, the pressure on the surface of the airfoil and the flow velocity were measured in steady conditions by employing wind tunnel experiments and particle image velocimetry technology. Then, the distribution of the pressure coefficient and aerodynamic loads were analyzed for the LUT airfoil under free transition. The results show that the LUT airfoil has a moderate thickness (20.77%) and moderate camber (1.11%). Moreover, compared to the airfoils commonly used for VAWTs, the LUT airfoil, with a wide drag bucket and gentle stall performance, achieves a higher maximum lift coefficient and lift–drag ratios at the Reynolds numbers 3 × 105 and 5 × 105.
Facile Preparation of Graphene Oxide-MIL-101(Fe) Composite for the Efficient Capture of Uranium
Authors: Han Bing , Zhang Enyao , Cheng Gong
Published: November 2018

Graphene oxide (GO)-MIL-101(Fe) (Fe-based metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) with Fe(III) as the metal anode and 2-aminobenzene-1,4-dicarboxylic acid as a ligand) sandwich composites are designed and fabricated through a facile in situ growth method. By modulating the addition amount of GO nanosheets, composites containing MIL-101(Fe) octahedrons with a tunable dimension and density are achieved. The optimized ratio between individual components is determined through adsorption experiments. Adsorption isotherms reveal an enhanced adsorption efficiency and improved adsorption capacity of GO15-MIL-101(Fe) (GO dosage is 15 mg) in comparison with raw MIL-101(Fe) nanocrystals. Experimental evidence indicates that the removal of U(VI) by the composite is based on inner-sphere surface complexation and electrostatic interaction. The improved adsorption performance originates from the optimized synergistic effects of GO and MIL-101(Fe) octahedrons. In summary, this work offers a facile synthetic method to achieve cost-effective composites towards the U(VI) capture. It also lays the foundation for the design of novel adsorbents with the full play of component’s functionality.
Optimization of Blended Biochar Pellet by the Use of Nutrient Releasing Model
Authors: Shin JoungDu , Park SangWon
Published: November 2018

For the recycling of biomass conversion materials, this experiment was conducted to investigate plant nutrient releasing characteristics, and to determine an optimum blended ratio of biochar for producing a biochar pellet based on a column leaching study. The treatments consisted of only pig manure compost (PMC) as a control, pig manure compost pellets (PMCP), and biochar pellets (BCP) blended with biochar and pig manure compost with the following ratios: 9:1, 8:2, 4:6, and 2:8. Results showed that the accumulated amount of ammonium nitrogen (NH4-N) was in order of PMC > PMCP > BCP (2:8) > BCP (4:6) > BCP (8:2) > BCP (9:1) ratios. The highest accumulated amounts of phosphate phosphorus (PO4-P) and potassium (K) were 1953 and 1917 mg L−1 in the PMC and PMCP, but the lowest in the BCP (9:1) were 223 and 1078 mg L−1, respectively. It was shown that the highest accumulated amount of silicon dioxide (SiO2) was 2329 mg L−1 in the BCP (8:2), but the lowest in the PMC was 985 mg L−1. The estimations for accumulated NH4-N, PO4-P, K, and SiO2 releasing amounts in all the treatments were significantly fitted with a modified Hyperbola model. The optimum mixing rate was estimated to be BCP (2:8). Therefore, biochar pellets might be useful in obtaining basic information on slow-release fertilizer for sustainable agriculture.
Numerical Study of Alternative Seismic-Resisting Systems for CLT Buildings
Authors: Loss Cristiano , Pacchioli Stefano , Polastri Andrea , Casagrande Daniele , Pozza Luca , Smith Ian
Published: November 2018

Changes to building codes that enable use of materials such as cross-laminated timber (CLT) in mid- and high-rise construction are facilitating sustainable urban development in various parts of the world. Keys to this are the transition to multi-performance-based design approaches along with fewer limitations on heights or the number of storeys in superstructures constructed from combustible materials. Architects and engineers have increased freedom to apply new design and construction concepts and methods, as well as to combine timber with other structural materials. They also have started to develop wall arrangements that optimise interior space layouts and take advantage of the unique characteristics of CLT. This paper discusses the seismic response of multi-story buildings braced with a CLT core and perimeter shear walls anchored to foundations and floor platforms using modern high-capacity angle brackets and hold-downs, or X-Rad connectors. Linear dynamic finite element (FE) models of seismic responses of superstructures of various heights are presented, based on experimentally determined characteristics of wall anchor connections. Particular attention is given to fundamental vibration periods, base shear and uplift forces on walls, as well as inter-story drift. Discussion of FE model results focuses on structural engineering implications and advantages of using CLT to create shear walls, with emphasis on how choice of wall anchoring connections impacts the possible number of storeys and configurations of superstructures. Employing CLT shear walls with X-Rad or other types of high capacity anchoring connections makes possible the creation of building superstructures having eight and potentially more storeys even in high seismicity regions. However, it is important to emphasise that proper selection of suitable arrangements of shear walls for CLT buildings depends on accurate representation of the semi-rigid behaviors of anchoring connections. The linear dynamic analyses presented here demonstrates the need during engineering seismic design practices to avoid use of FE or other design models which do not explicitly incorporate connection flexibilities while estimating parameters like fundamental periods, base shear and uplift forces, as well as inter-story drift.
Cyclopeptide RA-V Inhibits Organ Enlargement and Tumorigenesis Induced by YAP Activation
Authors: Ji Xinyan , Song Lihua , Sheng Li , Gao Anhui , Zhao Yang , Han Shixun , Zhang Yuchao , Zhu Chu , Zhao Simeng , Wang Zhe , Xu Bohan , Li Li , Li Jia , Tan Ninghua , Zhao Bin
Published: November 2018

The Hippo pathway restricts organ size during development and its inactivation plays a crucial role in cancer. Yes-associated protein (YAP) and its paralog transcriptional coactivator with PSD-95/Dlg/ZO-1 (PDZ)-binding motif (TAZ) are transcription co-activators and effectors of the Hippo pathway mediating aberrant enlargement of organs and tumor growth upon Hippo pathway inactivation. It has been demonstrated that genetic inactivation of YAP could be an effective approach to inhibit tumorigenesis. In order to identify pharmacological inhibitors of YAP, we screened a library of 52,683 compounds using a YAP-specific reporter assay. In this screen we identified cyclopeptide RA-V (deoxybouvardin) as a specific inhibitor of YAP and TAZ but not other reporters. Unexpectedly, later experiments demonstrated that RA-V represses the protein but not mRNA levels of YAP target genes. Nevertheless, RA-V strongly blocks liver enlargement induced by Mst1/2 knockout. Furthermore, RA-V not only inhibits liver tumorigenesis induced by YAP activation, but also induces regression of established tumors. We found that RA-V inhibits dedifferentiation and proliferation, while inducing apoptosis of hepatocytes. Furthermore, RA-V also induces apoptosis and inhibits proliferation of macrophages in the microenvironment, which are essential for YAP-induced tumorigenesis. RA-V is thus a drug candidate for cancers involving YAP/TAZ activation.
Non-Coding Variants in BRCA1 and BRCA2 Genes: Potential Impact on Breast and Ovarian Cancer Predisposition
Authors: Santana dos Santos Elizabeth , Lallemand François , Burke Leslie , Stoppa-Lyonnet Dominique , Brown Melissa , Caputo Sandrine M. , Rouleau Etienne
Published: November 2018

BRCA1 and BRCA2 are major breast cancer susceptibility genes whose pathogenic variants are associated with a significant increase in the risk of breast and ovarian cancers. Current genetic screening is generally limited to BRCA1/2 exons and intron/exon boundaries. Most identified pathogenic variants cause the partial or complete loss of function of the protein. However, it is becoming increasingly clear that variants in these regions only account for a small proportion of cancer risk. The role of variants in non-coding regions beyond splice donor and acceptor sites, including those that have no qualitative effect on the protein, has not been thoroughly investigated. The key transcriptional regulatory elements of BRCA1 and BRCA2 are housed in gene promoters, untranslated regions, introns, and long-range elements. Within these sequences, germline and somatic variants have been described, but the clinical significance of the majority is currently unknown and it remains a significant clinical challenge. This review summarizes the available data on the impact of variants on non-coding regions of BRCA1/2 genes and their role on breast and ovarian cancer predisposition.
N-Heterocyclic Carbene Catalysis under Oxidizing Conditions
Authors: Dzieszkowski Krzysztof , Rafiński Zbigniew
Published: November 2018

N-heterocyclic carbene organocatalysis under oxidizing conditions provides a vast range of various synthetic procedures via diverse mechanisms. The available catalysts, bases, oxidants, and oxidizing methods afford numerous opportunities for developing this branch of organocatalysis. Furthermore, implementation of tandem reactions and cooperative catalysis in the described methodology significantly expands the possibilities of modern organic chemistry. This approach allows the synthesis of different structurally complex and often enantiomerically enriched substances, which can be interesting in terms of biological activity and natural product synthesis. Many esters, amides, thioesters, lactams, lactones, and other cyclic compounds obtained in oxidative or oxygenative reactions promoted by N-heterocyclic carbenes can be interesting precursors in advanced organic synthesis. Sophistication and broad applicability prove that the described synthetic approaches are exceptionally worthy of further development.
Pd/DNA as Highly Active and Recyclable Catalyst of Suzuki–Miyaura Coupling
Authors: Mart M. , Tylus W. , Trzeciak A. M.
Published: November 2018

Pd/DNA catalysts were prepared in a mixed H2O/EtOH solvent using palladium precursors, Pd(OAc)2 and PdCl2, in different dosages and salmon fish sperm DNA. As prepared, the Pd/DNA contained Pd(II) and Pd(0) nanoparticles of various sizes and morphologies, depending on the preparation method. Pd/DNA efficiently catalyzed the Suzuki–Miyaura cross-coupling of various aryl bromides with phenylboronic acids. The catalyst was recovered by simple phase separation and then reused in seven consecutive cycles with a high activity.
UBE2E1 Is Preferentially Expressed in the Cytoplasm of Slow-Twitch Fibers and Protects Skeletal Muscles from Exacerbated Atrophy upon Dexamethasone Treatment
Authors: Polge Cécile , Aniort Julien , Armani Andrea , Claustre Agnès , Coudy-Gandilhon Cécile , Tournebize Clara , Deval Christiane , Combaret Lydie , Béchet Daniel , Sandri Marco , Attaix Didier , Taillandier Daniel
Published: November 2018

Skeletal muscle mass is reduced during many diseases or physiological situations (disuse, aging), which results in decreased strength and increased mortality. Muscle mass is mainly controlled by the ubiquitin-proteasome system (UPS), involving hundreds of ubiquitinating enzymes (E2s and E3s) that target their dedicated substrates for subsequent degradation. We recently demonstrated that MuRF1, an E3 ubiquitin ligase known to bind to sarcomeric proteins (telethonin, α-actin, myosins) during catabolic situations, interacts with 5 different E2 enzymes and that these E2-MuRF1 couples are able to target telethonin, a small sarcomeric protein, for degradation. Amongst the E2s interacting with MuRF1, E2E1 was peculiar as the presence of the substrate was necessary for optimal MuRF1-E2E1 interaction. In this work, we focused on the putative role of E2E1 during skeletal muscle atrophy. We found that E2E1 expression was restricted to type I and type IIA muscle fibers and was not detectable in type IIB fibers. This strongly suggests that E2E1 targets are fiber-specific and may be strongly linked to the contractile and metabolic properties of the skeletal muscle. However, E2E1 knockdown was not sufficient for preserving the protein content in C2C12 myotubes subjected to a catabolic state (dexamethasone treatment), suggesting that E2E1 is not involved in the development of muscle atrophy. By contrast, E2E1 knockdown aggravated the atrophying process in both catabolic C2C12 myotubes and the Tibialis anterior muscle of mice, suggesting that E2E1 has a protective effect on muscle mass.
Mass Transport with Asymmetric Peristaltic Propulsion Coated with Synovial Fluid
Authors: Riaz Arshad , A. Al-Olayan Hanan , Zeeshan Ahmad , Razaq Abdul , Bhatti Muhammad Mubashir
Published: November 2018

This article aims to model two-dimensional, incompressible asymmetric peristaltic propulsion coated with Synovial fluid (“non-Newtonian model”) with mass transport. Due to the coating of the same base-fluid at the surface of the channel, the boundaries become non-porous and exert no slip on the fluid particles. Two illustrative models for the viscosity, namely, shear-thinning (Model 1) and shear-thickening (Model 2), are considered, which reveal the presence and integrity of coating. The perturbation method has been applied to linearize the complicated differential equations. Model 1 predicted higher viscosity values and more significant non-Newtonian behavior than Model 2. It is also observed that the shear-thinning model behaved in quite the opposite manner for the shear thickening model. The converse behavior of Models 1 and 2 occurs due to a curvature of the flow domain. Moreover, Model 1 is not able to capture the correct exponential viscosity dependence on concentration for the whole range of shear rates. On the other hand, the second model shows a strong relationship with accurate power. Solutions are attained for velocity field, concentration profile, and pressure gradient. The novelty of all the essential parameters is analyzed through graphical results. Furthermore, streamlines are also drawn to determine the trapping mechanism. The present analysis is beneficial in the study of intrauterine fluid dynamics; furthermore, it is applicable in vivo diagnostic; drug delivery; food diagnostics; protein chips; and cell chips and packaging, i.e., smart sensors.
Low Pressure Hysteresis in Materials with Narrow Slit Pores
Authors: Schiller Peter , Wahab Mirco , Bier Thomas A. , Mögel Hans-Jörg
Published: November 2018

Humidity-dependent closing and reopening slit pores can produce hysteresis loops in sorption diagrams even at low relative vapor pressure. Pore closing is supported by adhesion of the slit wall surfaces. In a macroscopic model for sorption hysteresis in narrow slits, the adhesion energy jumps by a finite value when touching slit walls are separated from each other. We consider a more realistic adhesion model by introducing a smoothly-varying adhesion force, which depends on the distance between the slit walls. The range of the attraction between the slit walls is found to have a pronounced influence on the shape of hysteresis loops at low vapor pressure. A large interaction range avoids an extraordinarily small relative vapor pressure necessary for pore closing, which is a precondition for low pressure hysteresis. Our extended model allows us to describe a discontinuity, which can appear in the desorption branch of swelling/shrinkage diagrams for hardened cement paste.
Filling Tricompartmental Ligands with GdIII and ZnII Ions: Some Structural and MRI Studies
Authors: Corredoira-Vázquez Julio , Fondo Matilde , Sanmartín-Matalobos Jesús , Taboada Pablo , García-Deibe Ana M.
Published: November 2018

Here we report the synthesis and characterization of a mononuclear gadolinium complex (Gd) and two heteronuclear Zn-Gd complexes (ZnGd and Zn2Gd), which contain two similar three-armed ligands that display an external compartment suitable for lanthanoid ions, and two internal compartments adequate for zinc (II) ions [H3L′ = (2-(3-formyl-2-hydroxy-5-methyl phenyl)-1,3-bis[4 -(3-formyl-2-hydroxy-5-methylphenyl)-3-azabut-3-enyl]-1,3-imidazolidine; H3L = 2-(5-bromo-2-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-1,3-bis[4-(5-bromo-2-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-3-azabut-3-enyl]-1,3-imidazolidine]. The synthetic methods used were varied, but the use of a metalloligand, [Zn2(L)AcO], as starting material was the key factor to obtain the heterotrinuclear complex Zn2Gd. The structure of the precursor dinuclear zinc complex is mostly preserved in this complex, since it is based on a compact [Zn2Ln(L)(OH)(H2O)]3+ residue, with a µ3-OH bridge between the three metal centers, which are almost forming an isosceles triangle. The asymmetric spatial arrangement of other ancillary ligands leads to chirality, what contrasts with the totally symmetric mononuclear gadolinium complex Gd. These features were confirmed by the crystal structures of both complexes. Despite the presence of the bulky compartmental Schiff base ligand, the chiral heterotrinuclear complex forms an intricate network which is predominately expanded in two dimensions, through varied H-bonds that connect not only the ancillary ligands, but also the nitrate counterions and some solvated molecules. In addition, some preliminary magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) studies have been made to determine the relaxivities of the three gadolinium complexes, with apparently improved T1 and T2 relaxivities with increasing zinc nuclearity, since both transversal and longitudinal relaxivities appear to enhance in the sequence Gd < ZnGd < Zn2Gd.
Allelopathic Effects of Aqueous Leaf Extracts from Four Shrub Species on Seed Germination and Initial Growth of Amygdalus pedunculata Pall.
Authors: Wang Xiuqing , Wang Jinxin , Zhang Ruiqi , Huang You , Feng Shulin , Ma Xu , Zhang Yuyu , Sikdar Ashim , Roy Rana
Published: November 2018

This study aimed to screen out the shrub species which can promote the seed germination and seedling growth of Amygdalus pedunculata Pall. and offer insight for ecological environment governance of the coal mines subsidence area in Mu Us Sandy Land, Yulin City of Shaanxi Province. The indoor bioassay method was used to study the aqueous leaf extracts from Amorpha fruticosa Linn., Hedysarum mongolicum Turez., Sabina vulgaris Ant., and Hippophae rhamnoides Linn. under different concentration gradients to examine seed germination, initial growth, and physiological and biochemical of two Amygdalus pedunculata varieties (YY-1 from Yuyang County (YY) and SM-6 from Shenmu County (SM), Shaanxi Province, China). The results showed that with aqueous leaf extracts concentrations at lower concentrations of 0.025 (T1) and 0.05 g·mL−1 (T2) from A. fruticosa, H. mongolicum, and S. vulgaris significantly promoted seed germination and seedling growth of two A. pedunculata varieties. Moreover, H. rhamnoides aqueous leaf extracts had the strongest inhibitory effect on seed germination and seedling growth of A. pedunculata, and death occurred at concentrations of 0.15 (T4) and 0.20 g·mL−1 (T5). The enzyme activity and chlorophyll content of the A. pedunculata leaves decreased with an increase in the aqueous leaf extracts concentration of the four shrubs; the change trend of malondialdehyde content was the opposite. Root activity of the A. pedunculata increased and then decreased. The H. mongolicum and S. vulgaris are the most suitable mixed tree species for YY-1, while H. mongolicum and A. fruticosa are the most suitable mixed tree species for SM-6 at a relatively low density with more security. The results provide a theoretical basis and technical support for the establishment of an artificial mixed forest of A. pedunculata in the coal mine subsidence area of Mu Us Sandy Land.
Intensity-Dependent Effects of a Six-Week Balance Exercise Program in Elderly Women
Authors: Borysiuk Zbigniew , Pakosz Paweł , Konieczny Mariusz , Kręcisz Krzysztof
Published: November 2018

The objective of this study was to gain a better understanding of the mechanisms underlying falls in the elderly. The results were based on a group of 28 women in a control group (CON) and 16 women in an experimental group (EXP), aged 60–70. Participants took part in the six-weeks Elderly Recreation Movement Program (ERMP) with the only difference that the EXP group practiced twice as often as the CON group. The measurement of variations in the index called limits of stability (LOS) was performed by application of Kistler force plate and the coactivation index (CI) was registered by means of sEMG. The results demonstrate the existence of statistically significant differences in terms of the principal outcome of the exercise time in the measurements of LOS (F(1.42) = 10.0, p = 0.003), and CI (F(1.42) = 10.5, p = 0.002). The effect of the program was associated with an increase the level of the maximum LOS, and a decrease of the CI level, especially in the experimental group. Hence, the implementation of an innovative ERMP exercise program results in the improvement of the physical capabilities of senior subjects.
Prediction of Prehypertenison and Hypertension Based on Anthropometry, Blood Parameters, and Spirometry
Authors: Heo Byeong Mun , Ryu Keun Ho
Published: November 2018

Hypertension and prehypertension are risk factors for cardiovascular diseases. However, the associations of both prehypertension and hypertension with anthropometry, blood parameters, and spirometry have not been investigated. The purpose of this study was to identify the risk factors for prehypertension and hypertension in middle-aged Korean adults and to study prediction models of prehypertension and hypertension combined with anthropometry, blood parameters, and spirometry. Binary logistic regression analysis was performed to assess the statistical significance of prehypertension and hypertension, and prediction models were developed using logistic regression, naïve Bayes, and decision trees. Among all risk factors for prehypertension, body mass index (BMI) was identified as the best indicator in both men [odds ratio (OR) = 1.429, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.304–1.462)] and women (OR = 1.428, 95% CI = 1.204–1.453). In contrast, among all risk factors for hypertension, BMI (OR = 1.993, 95% CI = 1.818–2.186) was found to be the best indicator in men, whereas the waist-to-height ratio (OR = 2.071, 95% CI = 1.884–2.276) was the best indicator in women. In the prehypertension prediction model, men exhibited an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) of 0.635, and women exhibited a predictive power with an AUC of 0.777. In the hypertension prediction model, men exhibited an AUC of 0.700, and women exhibited an AUC of 0.845. This study proposes various risk factors for prehypertension and hypertension, and our findings can be used as a large-scale screening tool for controlling and managing hypertension.
Toward Model-Generated Household Listing in Low- and Middle-Income Countries Using Deep Learning
Authors: Chew Robert , Jones Kasey , Unangst Jennifer , Cajka James , Allpress Justine , Amer Safaa , Krotki Karol
Published: November 2018

While governments, researchers, and NGOs are exploring ways to leverage big data sources for sustainable development, household surveys are still a critical source of information for dozens of the 232 indicators for the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). Though some countries’ statistical agencies maintain databases of persons or households for sampling, conducting household surveys in LMICs is complicated due to incomplete, outdated, or inaccurate sampling frames. As a means to develop or update household listings in LMICs, this paper explores the use of machine learning models to detect and enumerate building structures directly from satellite imagery in the Kaduna state of Nigeria. Specifically, an object detection model was used to identify and locate buildings in satellite images. In the test set, the model attained a mean average precision (mAP) of 0.48 for detecting structures, with relatively higher values in areas with lower building density (mAP = 0.65). Furthermore, when model predictions were compared against recent household listings from fieldwork in Nigeria, the predictions showed high correlation with household coverage (Pearson = 0.70; Spearman = 0.81). With the need to produce comparable, scalable SDG indicators, this case study explores the feasibility and challenges of using object detection models to help develop timely enumerated household lists in LMICs.