bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Human Factors and Non-Technical Skills: Teamwork
Authors: Roche F
Published: December 2017

Making mistakes is part of being human and human error is normal in all areas of life (Bromiley & Mitchell 2009). In some contexts this is of little consequence, but in environments where human safety and well-being are at stake it is vital that such error is minimised. The operating theatre is one such safety critical environment. Research suggests, however, that certain factors predispose to human error. Some or all of these factors may be present in the operating theatre and, therefore, have the potential to compromise patient safety.
Numerical simulation of bioaerosol particle exposure assessment in office environment from MVAC systems
Authors: Yu HC , Mui KW , Wong LT
Published: December 2017

Bioaerosol (i.e. biological aerosol) exposures in the office environment are associated with a wide range of health effects. The potential bioaerosol emission from mechanical ventilation and air conditioning (MVAC) systems can endanger the building occupants in office, especially as over 90% of commercial buildings in Hong Kong that are equipped with MVAC systems, due to the microbial growths inside MVAC systems, such as cooling coils and mixing chamber, were reported. This study evaluated the exposure risk of the bioaerosol emission from the MVAC systems to the building occupants. A two-phase flow computational fluid dynamics approach was adopted to simulate the emission, dispersion, deposition, and exhaustion of bioaerosol particles from the MVAC systems in a typical office cubicle by altering the ventilation strategies with four ventilation rates, four emission concentrations, and two microorganism species. The results reported that about 5% contribution of concentration level from the MVAC system including the ventilation rate is sufficient to dilute the biocontainment. This study suggested the importance of the maintenance strategies of MVAC systems for minimizing bioaerosol exposures in offices.
Surgery for tennis elbow: a systematic review
Authors: Bateman Marcus , Littlewood Chris , Rawson Beth , Tambe Amol A.
Published: December 2017

Background

There is no consensus on the most suitable treatment for tennis elbow but, in the USA, surgical intervention is increasing despite a lack of supportive research evidence. The aim of this systematic review was to provide a balanced update based on all relevant published randomized controlled trials conducted to date.

Methods

An electronic search of MEDLINE, EMBASE, CINAHL, BNI, AMED, PsycINFO, HBE, HMIC, PubMed, TRIP, Dynamed Plus and The Cochrane Library was complemented by hand searching. Risk of bias was assessed using the Cochrane Risk of Bias Tool and data were synthesized narratively, based on levels of evidence, as a result of heterogeneity.

Results

Twelve studies of poor methodological quality were included. The available data suggest that surgical interventions for tennis elbow are no more effective than nonsurgical and sham interventions. Surgical technique modifications may enhance effectiveness compared to traditional methods but have not been tested against a placebo.

Conclusions

Current research evidence suggests that surgery for tennis elbow is no more effective than nonsurgical treatment based on evidence with significant methodological limitations. Given the recalcitrant nature of tennis elbow for some patients, further research in the form of a high-quality placebo-controlled surgical trial with an additional conservative arm is required to usefully inform clinical practice.
Dress Codes and Racial Discrimination in Urban Nightclubs
Authors: May Reuben A. Buford , Goldsmith Pat Rubio
Published: December 2017

In recent years, sociologists and others have suggested that nightclub owners have used dress codes to covertly discriminate against African Americans and Latinos. We test this claim using experimental audit methods where matched pairs of African American, Latino, and white men attempt to enter urban nightclubs with dress codes in large metropolitan areas (N = 159). We find systematic evidence that African Americans are denied access to nightclubs more often than similarly appearing whites and (in some cases) Latinos attempting to enter the same nightclubs. The magnitude of this discrimination is similar to that observed in housing audit studies. However, we do not find evidence of unequal treatment between whites and Latinos. These findings suggest that dress codes are used to racially discriminate against African Americans, in violation of federal law.
Promoting Craft Entrepreneurship by Rejuvenating Tambat Craft in Old Tambat Ali, Nashik
Authors: Tambat Priyansi Nimish , Joshi Ketaki Chandrakant
Published: December 2017

Tambat Ali1 is a part of ancient settlements in Nashik. The settlement houses craftsmen who are highly skilled in making handmade copper and brass utensils by their traditional techniques. The settlement is a living heritage of the city due to its unique craft, culture and traditional architecture. Today, Tambats are suffering a sharp decline in craft, and hence architecture is getting affected. This is mainly due to rapid changes in consumer preferences and taste, inadequate publicity, increased prices of raw materials and unexploited resources in the area. The article presents challenges faced by Nashik Tambat craftsmen for handicraft survival. It analyses strategies to keep pace with demanding market changes. The study proposes to promote craft entrepreneurship and rejuvenation of Old Tambat Ali through conserving a ‘spirit of place’ with strong identity, making the area vibrant, appealing to live in and visit.
The complete genome sequence of Ensifer meliloti strain CCMM B554 (FSM-MA), a highly effective nitrogen-fixing microsymbiont of Medicago truncatula Gaertn
Authors: Nagymihály Marianna , Vásarhelyi Bálint M. , Barrière Quentin , Chong Teik-Min , Bálint Balázs , Bihari Péter , Hong Kar-Wai , Horváth Balázs , Ibijbijen Jamal , Amar Mohammed , Farkas Attila , Kondorosi Éva , Chan Kok-Gan , Gruber Véronique , Ratet Pascal , Mergaert Peter , Kereszt Attila
Published: December 2017

Strain CCMM B554, also known as FSM-MA, is a soil dwelling and nodule forming, nitrogen-fixing bacterium isolated from the nodules of the legume Medicago arborea L. in the Maamora Forest, Morocco. The strain forms effective nitrogen fixing nodules on species of the Medicago, Melilotus and Trigonella genera and is exceptional because it is a highly effective symbiotic partner of the two most widely used accessions, A17 and R108, of the model legume Medicago truncatula Gaertn. Based on 16S rRNA gene sequence, multilocus sequence and average nucleotide identity analyses, FSM-MA is identified as a new Ensifer meliloti strain. The genome is 6,70 Mbp and is comprised of the chromosome (3,64 Mbp) harboring 3574 predicted genes and two megaplasmids, pSymA (1,42 Mbp) and pSymB (1,64 Mbp) with respectively 1481 and 1595 predicted genes. The average GC content of the genome is 61.93%. The FSM-MA genome structure is highly similar and co-linear to other E. meliloti strains in the chromosome and the pSymB megaplasmid while, in contrast, it shows high variability in the pSymA plasmid. The large number of strain-specific sequences in pSymA as well as strain-specific genes on pSymB involved in the biosynthesis of the lipopolysaccharide and capsular polysaccharide surface polysaccharides may encode novel symbiotic functions explaining the high symbiotic performance of FSM-MA.
Inverse attenuation filtering
Authors: Morozov Igor , Haiba Mohamed , Deng Wubing
Published: December 2017

Inverse-[Formula: see text] filtering is an important seismic-processing operation often used to correct for attenuation and dispersion effects and increase the resolution of reflection records. However, it is important to realize that the [Formula: see text] is an apparent (phenomenological) attribute of the propagating wavefield and not guaranteed to be a material property. By recognizing the apparent character of the [Formula: see text], the attenuation-correction procedure can be significantly extended and generalized. Our approach consists of forward modeling the propagating source waveform by using multiple physical laws followed by multiple types of inverse filtering. The modeling and inverse-filtering algorithms are selectable according to the geology of the study area, data, and goals of processing, which may include reduction of attenuation effects or more general enhancements of reflectivity images. Apparent [Formula: see text] models are inherently smooth in space, which facilitates efficient use of time-variant deconvolution implemented by using overlapping tapered time windows. When using conventional [Formula: see text] models and frequency-domain deconvolution, this procedure contains all existing types of inverse-[Formula: see text] filtering. However, many more realistic forward modeling approaches can (and should) be used depending on the specific subsurface environments, such as wavefront focusing and defocusing, scattering, solid viscosity, or internal friction caused by pore-fluid flows. In general, velocity-dispersion relations cannot be inferred from the frequency-dependent [Formula: see text] and need to be considered separately. It is more precise to view frequency-dependent velocity dispersion and [Formula: see text] as concomitant and arising from a common physical mechanism of wave propagation. Time-domain deconvolution, such as an iterative method well-known in earthquake seismology, offers significant improvements in attenuation-corrected images. The approaches are illustrated on a real reflection data set by using several attenuation laws and types of deconvolution.
A Retrospective Analysis of Clinical Research Misconduct Using FDA-Issued Warning Letters and Clinical Investigator Inspection List From 2010 to 2014
Authors: Romano Christopher A. , Nair Singh , Delphin Ellise S.
Published: December 2017

BACKGROUND:

The US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) conducts inspections of clinical investigation sites as a component of clinical trial regulation. The FDA describes the results of these inspections in the Clinical Investigator Inspection List (CLIIL). More serious violations are followed up in FDA warning letters issued to investigators. The primary objective of the current study is to qualitatively and quantitatively describe the CLIIL data and contents of FDA-issued warning letters from 2010 to 2014.

METHODS:

We retrospectively analyzed the CLIIL and FDA warning letters. For the CLIIL, we quantified the frequency of each violation among other data points. We compared recent data (2010–2014) to the previous 5 years (2005–2009). To analyze FDA warning letters, we developed a coding system to quantify the frequency of violations found.

RESULTS:

We analyzed 3637 inspections in the CLIIL database and 60 warning letters. Overall, there was a decrease or no change in all violations in the CLIIL database. The largest violation code reported was “failure to follow investigational plan” in both the 2005–2009 and 2010–2014 timeframes. Coding of FDA warning letters shows that the most common violations reported were failing to maintain accurate case histories (10.82%), enrolling ineligible subjects (8.85%), and failing to perform required tests (8.52%).

CONCLUSIONS:

The overall decrease in violations is encouraging. But, the high proportion of violations related to failure to follow the investigational plan is concerning as the complexity of trials increases. We conclude that more detailed information is necessary to accurately evaluate these violations. The current study provides a model for creating more granular data of violations to better inform clinical investigators and improve clinical trials.
Drainage of Cerebrospinal Fluid and Blood Pressure Augmentation as Rescue Therapies for Ischemic Myelitis After Bronchial Embolization: A Case Report
Authors: Lépine Pierre-Alexis , Naud Jean-François , Boisvert Philippe
Published: December 2017

A 62-year-old man presented to the emergency department with massive hemoptysis. After bronchial artery embolization, he developed ischemic myelitis, a rare complication in this setting for which no specific therapy is currently recommended. The symptoms were managed with lumbar drainage of cerebrospinal fluid and blood pressure augmentation therapy. To our knowledge, this is the first report of using lumbar drainage of cerebrospinal fluid and blood pressure augmentation in the treatment of anterior medullary ischemia after bronchial artery embolization for massive hemoptysis. The treatment was associated with neurological recovery.
THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN CONTINUOUS COOLING RATE AND MICROSTRUCTURE IN THE HEAT AFFECTED ZONE (HAZ) OF THE DISSIMILAR WELD BETWEEN CARBON STEEL AND AUSTENITIC STAINLESS STEEL
Authors: Nhung Le Thi , Khanh Pham Mai , Hai Le Minh , Nam Nguyen Duong
Published: December 2017

This paper investigates the changed in the microstructure in HAZ of the dissimilar weld between carbon steel and 304 austenitic stainless steel. Continuous cooling transformation diagrams (CCT), peak temperature profiles and cooling rates can be used to predict the change in the microstructure of the HAZ during the welding process. Optical microscopy, X – ray, SEM and TEM were used to determine the phases which formed in HAZ of carbon steel and austenitic stainless steel. The results of this study indicate that grain size in HAZ depended on the temperature at that point could be reached during the welding. Fully Martensitic layer observed at the interface in carbon side due to the combination of the rapid cooling subsequent to weld and local chemical composition. Cooling rate played the rule on forming Widmanstatten ferrite, Bainite and Pearlite. On the other hand, microstructures and grain size in HAZ of austenitic stainless steel were not affected by temperature and cooling rate. Carbides precipitation (M23C6, M7C3), however, were found in the boundary of grains.
Technical Note—Capacitated Assortment Optimization Under the Multinomial Logit Model with Nested Consideration Sets
Authors: Feldman Jacob , Topaloglu Huseyin
Published: December 2017

We study capacitated assortment problems when customers choose under the multinomial logit model with nested consideration sets. In this choice model, there are multiple customer types, and a customer of a particular type is interested in purchasing only a particular subset of products. We use the term consideration set to refer to the subset of products that a customer of a particular type is interested in purchasing. The consideration sets of customers of different types are nested in the sense that the consideration set of one customer type is included in the consideration set of another. The choice process for customers of different types is governed by the same multinomial logit model except for the fact that customers of different types have different consideration sets. Each product, if offered to customers, occupies a certain amount of space. The sale of each product generates a certain amount of revenue. Given that customers choose from among the offered products according to the multinomial logit model with nested consideration sets, the goal of the assortment problem is to find a set of products to offer to maximize the expected revenue obtained from a customer, while making sure that the total space consumption of the offered products does not exceed a certain limit. We show that this assortment problem is NP-hard, even when there is no limit on the total space consumption of the offered products. Motivated by this complexity result, we give a fully polynomial time approximation scheme for the problem.

The online appendix is available at https://doi.org/10.1287/opre.2017.1672 .
An ISOBUS-Networked Electronic Self-Leveling Controller for the Front-End Loader of an Agricultural Tractor
Authors: Lee Chang-Joo , Kim Hak-Jin , Ha Jong-Woo , Cho Bong-Jin , Choi Duk-Soo
Published: December 2017

Abstract.

There has been a growing trend toward electronic control of hydraulic systems in agricultural machinery to improve operator comfort. Rapid advances in information and communications technology and the expansion of agricultural attachments have led to the introduction of control systems following the ISOBUS standard. Feedback control of a front-end loader (FEL) using electro-hydraulic proportional valves and sensors allows automatic activation of the boom and bucket cylinders and repetitive operational sequences of FEL functions. The mechanical self-leveling systems commonly used to prevent rollback have a limited range of operation and provide overcompensation beyond that range, therefore requiring considerable driver attention when operating the FEL. This article describes the development and evaluation of an ISOBUS-networked electronic self-leveling system that uses three electronic control units (ECUs), i.e., loader, joystick, and virtual terminal ECUs, to automatically adjust the orientation of the loader bucket with respect to the ground based on real-time measurements of bucket angle and angular velocity. Key improvements to the system, compared to a previous study that developed a proportional and integral (PI)–based self-leveling controller include the addition of a velocity feedback element and a dead-time effect computation to the control loop. An embedded electronic controller was implemented on agricultural tractors to test its ability to maintain the desired bucket angle regardless of varying ground slopes or the lifting or lowering motion of the boom. In laboratory testing with a FEL simulator, the use of the velocity feedback loop enabled the bucket angles to reach reference angles of +20°, showing reductions in rise times from 0.75 to 0.51 s and from 0.84 to 0.39 s on ascending and descending slopes, respectively, compared to the PI-based self-leveling algorithm. At a traveling velocity of 2.5 km/h, there was little change in bucket angle, with an almost constant level of <1°. However, at a velocity of 7.5 km/h, inflection points on the paved road caused relatively large deviations from the reference angle ranging from 3° to 5°, thus requiring the use of a look-ahead method to predict sudden changes in slope using a LIDAR sensor that can characterize the ground surface. In an outdoor bench test using a joystick to raise and lower the boom of a FEL, the self-leveling algorithm allowed the bucket angle to be maintained at the desired level, with RMSEs of 2.1±0.65° and 3.4±0.81° in the raising and lowering modes, respectively; thus, it could be implemented in an electronic self-leveling system for a FEL, which could then be employed in an ISOBUS-networked tractor offering the potential to eliminate the possibility of load rollback. Keywords: Dead-time computation, Electro-hydraulic proportional valve, Electronic control unit, Front-end loader, ISOBUS, Self-leveling, Velocity feedback.
Thermal Capacity of Hog-Cooling Pad
Authors: Cabezon Francisco A. , Schinckel Allan P. , Stwalley III Robert M.
Published: December 2017

Abstract.

Modern hog farrowing operations have reached a state in which the environmental conditions necessary for piglets are vastly different than those required by sows. A hog-cooling pad has been developed by Purdue University researchers to alleviate thermally-induced stress in the sow. Understanding the basic thermal properties of the device is critical to the development of the technology, and this article documents the experimentation performed on the unit to measure some of those characteristics. A preliminary experimental investigation into the thermal response of the device with no external heat loading under a variety of coolant flow and temperatures is presented. The sow-cooling panel reacts as a Newtonian convective device and provides a uniform top surface temperature. The results indicate that device is highly conductive to the top panel and reasonably well insulated from the environment. Keywords: Convection, Cooling, Farrowing, Heat capacity, Swine, Thermal response.
Telematic performance and the challenge of latency
Authors: Rofe Michael , Reuben Federico
Published: December 2017

Any attempt to perform music over a network requires engagement with the issue of latency. Either latency needs to be reduced to the point where it is no longer noticeable or creative alternatives to working with latency need to be developed. Given that Online Orchestra aimed to enable performance in community contexts, where significant bandwidth and specialist equipment were not available, it would not be possible to reduce latency below the 20–30ms cut-off at which it becomes noticeable. Instead, Online Orchestra developed new software that controls network latency, locking it to musical tempo. This in turn enabled musicians to perform precise rhythmic music in a latency-rich environment.
»Verworfene Frauenzimmer«
Authors: Grütter Melanie
Published: December 2017

Frauen begehen kaum Gewaltverbrechen - Mord ist ein vorwiegend von Männern verübtes Delikt. Am spektakulären Einzelfall bilden sich normative Vorstellungen zu Macht, Gewalt, Sexualität und Geschlecht anhand der Konstruktion eines abnormalen Anderen ex negativo ab: Er führt vor, was die normale Frau, der normale Mann nicht sein kann. Melanie Grütter zeigt, dass die Definition von krimineller Abweichung in Wissensdiskursen ausgesprochen wirkmächtig in Bezug darauf ist, wie Geschlecht gedacht wird. Ihre historische Analyse stützt sich auf bisher kaum oder gar nicht erschlossene Primärquellen und eröffnet Einblicke auf die Permanenz und den Wandel von Geschlechterverhältnissen bis in die gegenwärtigen Diskurse.
Elemente einer Metaphysik der Immanenz
Authors: Ziegler Robert Hugo
Published: December 2017

Die Fragestellungen der Metaphysik, so scheint es, sind nicht mehr zeitgemäß. Der Begriff erinnert an abgehobene Systeme ohne jeden Realitätssinn. Dabei gibt es kein Denken ohne Metaphysik. Unter Bezugnahme auf die Traditionen der Phänomenologie und der französischen Philosophie versteht Robert Hugo Ziegler Endlichkeit als eine positive Auszeichnung, während der Begriff der Zeitlichkeit die erste Dimension von Sein beschreibt. Sein grundlegender Beitrag zur Reflexion über Mensch und Welt zeigt, wie sich die Philosophie selbstbewusst einer Erneuerung der Metaphysik stellen kann.
Die Wahrnehmung des Neuen in der Literatur des 16. Jahrhunderts
Authors: Schulz Ronny F.
Published: December 2017

Die Entdeckung der »Neuen Welt«, technische Innovationen und humanistische Wiederentdeckungen haben auch in der fiktionalen Literatur ihre Spuren hinterlassen. Begriffe wie »das Neue«, »Erfinden« und »Innovation« werden in der Literatur des 16. Jahrhunderts verhandelt. Besonders bei Rabelais` »Gargantua« und seiner deutschsprachigen Bearbeitung bei Fischart in der »Geschichtklitterung«, aber auch bei Autoren wie Michael Lindener oder dem 1560 anonym erschienenen »Finckenritter« wird das Neue thematisiert. Anhand einer interdisziplinären Lektüre der Texte, welche in diesem Band zum ersten Mal in einem größeren Kontext zusammen betrachtet werden, zeigt Ronny F. Schulz, dass das Neue, zu dem man eine ablehnende oder bejahende Haltung einnehmen kann, in erster Linie auch eine Frage der Perspektive ist.
Estrategias residenciales y trayectorias laborales: el acceso a la vivienda en un barrio popular consolidado de la periferia del Área Metropolitana de Buenos Aires // Residential strategies and labour trajectories: access to housing in a consolidated working class neighborhood of the Metropolitan Area of Buenos Aires
Authors: Comas Guillermina , Marquez Agustina
Published: December 2017

El artículo analiza las estrategias residenciales desarrolladas por trabajadores residentes en un barrio popular consolidado del conurbano bonaerense, caracterizado por una amplia incidencia de la tenencia formal y un débil acceso a servicios urbanos. El objetivo es reconstruir esas estrategias en articulación con la trayectoria laboral del principal sostén económico del hogar, a partir de las narraciones de los sujetos. Los datos fueron elaborados a partir de entrevistas en profundidad y complementados con observaciones de campo y con datos cuantitativos obtenidos en una etapa previa de la investigación.La investigación muestra que las estrategias vinculadas a la forma de tenencia, la localización y el tipo de vivienda se articulan de manera específica: se diversifican según los recorridos laborales del jefe económico del hogar, pero también evidencian la existencia de prácticas comunes que marcan la incidencia de las características del territorio sobre la producción del hábitat.
The effect of in-service education on nurses’ preference for the ventrogluteal site in intramuscular injection implementation
Authors: Öztürk Deniz , Göçmen Baykara Zehra , Karadağ Ayişe , Eyikara Evrim
Published: December 2017

Purpose: This study conducted to determine the effect of in-service education on nurses’ preference for the ventrogluteal site in intramuscular injection implementation.Method and materials: In this intervention study, the sample comprised 45 clinic nurses, where intramuscular injection practice is frequently applied. In-service education was conducted with regards to applying intramuscular injection to the ventrogluteal site. In the content of the planned education, the transmission of theoretical information on the subject, the demonstration on the manikin and video were included. Then, the nurses carried out the intramuscular injection implementation on the manikin under the supervision of the researchers. The data were collected at 2014 through the use of the “Nurses’ VG Site Injection Preference Status Form”. The data collection form was applied before the in-service education and two months after the in-service education.Results: The results showed that 71.11% of the nurses did not receive education on intramuscular injection implementation in the ventrogluteal site in basic nursing education. In basic nursing education, 84.44% of the nurses used the dorsogluteal site and 22.22% the ventrogluteal site for intramuscular injection. The number of intramuscular injection implementations of the nurses in the ventrogluteal site was increased from 2.18 to 9.04 after the in-service education (p = 0.001). The nurses stated that, they felt more comfortable during ventrogluteal injection implementation, after the in-service education,Conclusion: After the in-service education of the nurses, it was determined that the number of IMI implementations in the ventrogluteal site increased.
Using the phased array antenna to increase geometric size of the interrogation zone in a UHF RFID system
Authors: Jankowski-Mihułowicz Piotr , Kawalec Damian , Węglarski Mariusz , Lichoń Wojciech
Published: December 2017

An attempt to increase the geometric size of the interrogation zone in UHF RFID systems with a phased array antenna is presented in this paper. The interrogation zone should be as large as possible. However, energy can be transferred to transponders only to a limited distance. The greatest flexibility in developing RFID applications and shaping the interrogation zone can be achieved using a phased array antenna. The perceived issues have been effectively dealt with and the solution has been proposed on the basis of an elaborated model. Conducted studies have been used to develop a software tool in the Mathcad environment. The research results are analyzed in detail for different system configurations and can be implemented in practical projects to be developed in cooperation with the industry.
Environmentally Friendly Replacement of Mature 200 MW Coal-Fired Power Blocks with 2 Boilers Working on One 500 MW Class Steam Turbine Generator (2on1 Unit Concept)
Authors: Grzeszczak Jan , Grela Łukasz , Achter Thomas
Published: December 2017

The paper covers problems of the owners of a fleet of long-operated conventional power plants that are going to be decommissioned soon in result of failing to achieve new admissible emissions levels or exceeding pressure elements design lifetime. Energoprojekt-Katowice SA, Siemens AG and Rafako SA presents their joint concept of the solution which is a 2on1 concept - replacing two unit by two ultra-supercritical boilers feeding one turbine. Polish market has been taken as an example.
Die Schlussformel »bis der Esel auf die Leiter klettert« im Kolophon der mittelalterlichen hebräischen Handschriften in Aschkenas
Authors: Riegler Michael
Published: December 2017

This article discusses one item found in the colophons of medieval Hebrew manuscripts copied in Ashkenaz. Some opening and closing scribal formulas were found to be typical of the various cultural expanses of the Jewish world. Here we survey the Hebrew colophons for the closing formula at the end of the copying: »עד שיעלה חמור בסולם« (»until a donkey will go up the ladder«), a formula we found in 228 manuscripts, of which 130 are from Ashkenaz (including the Provence in France) making up over half (57 %) of the total manuscripts copied in this area. The rich imagination of the scribes wrought a few changes to the basic formula - not only a donkey »up the ladder« but also other animals and other objects. This formula, which first appears in a thirteenth century manuscript, is tracked in this article up until the middle of the 16th century. We discuss the origin of the formula, whether it is from Jewish or universal cultural sources. »The donkey formula« was used not only in colophons but in Hebrew literary sources as well. The question is whether the scribe used the formula in jest or to express a wish that »nothing bad should happen to him« since »never« will a donkey go up a ladder. There is no definite answer. The formula has spread from Ashkenazic culture to other areas, including Italy, Spain, Byzantium and the Middle East.
Reliable software-based control as enabler for flexible production systems
Authors: Soler Perez Olaya Santiago , Mätzler Stefan , Wollschlaeger Martin
Published: December 2017

The current evolution of the industrial production systems to cyber physical production systems requires an increased
flexibility of the system structure that is nowadays still difficult to find in the industrial systems. The control
applications are extremely strict by requiting jitter-free communication of sensor and control values in networked control
systems. The software-based control approach presented here enhances the reliability of the control system using a control
value matrix as information source. This approach benefits of predictive control algorithms that rely on model-based
strategies.
Microbiostratigraphy of the Berriasian–Valanginian boundary in eastern Crimea: foraminifers, ostracods, organic-walled dinoflagellate cysts
Authors: Savelieva Yuliya N. , Shurekova Olga V. , Feodorova Anna A. , Grishchenko Vladimir A. , Guzhikov Andrei Yu.
Published: December 2017

Thorough study of foraminifers, ostracods and dinoflagellate remnants from the Zavodskaya Balka and Koklyuk sections helps to characterize the detailed biostratigraphic division of the Berriasian / Valanginian boundary sequence in the Feodosiya district of eastern Crimea. The foraminifer and dinocyst associations from the lower part of the sequence are clearly comparable with common Berriasian associations throughout all Mountain Crimea. On the other hand, foraminifer, ostracod and dinocyst associations from its upper part have been recorded only in eastern Crimea. The upper foraminifer level corresponds to the boreal ammonite zones from the Tauricum-Verrucosum (Upper Berriasian-Valanginian). Most of the ostracod species are endemic. The base of the uppermost dinocyst level correlates with the Lower Valanginian Paratollia zone from north-western Europe.
What’s in a Name? Equal Treatment, Union Citizens and National Rules on Names and Titles
Authors: Mohay Ágoston , Tóth Norbert
Published: December 2017

The construction of names and the use of nobility titles is not regulated by European Union law. Yet the Court of Justice of the EU has had to deal with such issues on various occasions where national rules on names or titles had to be contrasted with the EU law on equal treatment, Union citizenship and free movement and residence. Rules on names fall essentially within the competence of the member states, but the states have to regard EU law when exercising this competence. Our paper undertakes to analyse this issue in light of a recent relevant judgment, the Bogendorff von Wolffersdorff case, having regard also to the Court’s reasoning regarding the national constitutional identity clause [Art 4 (2)TEU]. We argue – inter alia – that the Court of Justice decided in this judgment not to favour the rights of a free-moving EU citizen (even if the judgment admittedly affects only a limited circle of individuals) and put national constitutional identity first, yet the way in which the identity clause was used by the Court is also debatable in our view.
Kinematically Optimal Robust Control of Redundant Manipulators
Authors: Galicki M.
Published: December 2017

This work deals with the problem of the robust optimal task space trajectory tracking subject to finite-time convergence. Kinematic and dynamic equations of a redundant manipulator are assumed to be uncertain. Moreover, globally unbounded disturbances are allowed to act on the manipulator when tracking the trajectory by the endeffector. Furthermore, the movement is to be accomplished in such a way as to minimize both the manipulator torques and their oscillations thus eliminating the potential robot vibrations. Based on suitably defined task space non-singular terminal sliding vector variable and the Lyapunov stability theory, we derive a class of chattering-free robust kinematically optimal controllers, based on the estimation of transpose Jacobian, which seem to be effective in counteracting both uncertain kinematics and dynamics, unbounded disturbances and (possible) kinematic and/or algorithmic singularities met on the robot trajectory. The numerical simulations carried out for a redundant manipulator of a SCARA type consisting of the three revolute kinematic pairs and operating in a two-dimensional task space, illustrate performance of the proposed controllers as well as comparisons with other well known control schemes.
Supervised Learning and Knowledge-Based Approaches Applied to Biomedical Word Sense Disambiguation
Authors: Antunes Rui , Matos Sérgio
Published: December 2017

Word sense disambiguation (WSD) is an important step in biomedical text mining, which is responsible for assigning an unequivocal concept to an ambiguous term, improving the accuracy of biomedical information extraction systems. In this work we followed supervised and knowledge-based disambiguation approaches, with the best results obtained by supervised means. In the supervised method we used bag-of-words as local features, and word embeddings as global features. In the knowledge-based method we combined word embeddings, concept textual definitions extracted from the UMLS database, and concept association values calculated from the MeSH co-occurrence counts from MEDLINE articles. Also, in the knowledge-based method, we tested different word embedding averaging functions to calculate the surrounding context vectors, with the goal to give more importance to closest words of the ambiguous term. The MSH WSD dataset, the most common dataset used for evaluating biomedical concept disambiguation, was used to evaluate our methods. We obtained a top accuracy of 95.6 % by supervised means, while the best knowledge-based accuracy was 87.4 %. Our results show that word embedding models improved the disambiguation accuracy, proving to be a powerful resource in the WSD task.
Geht die Physikotheologie der Ethikotheologie vorher? Ein Blick auf Kants Prioritätsthese
Authors: Kravitz Amit
Published: December 2017

Two kinds of natural theology discussed by Kant have thus far been intensively investigated: physicotheology and ethicotheology. However, the question concerning their precise relation to each other has been ignored. As I argue, understanding the way in which Kant conceived of this relation is crucial for understanding his approach to natural theology as a whole. In this paper I illuminate this relation in light of Kant’s priority thesis, according to which physicotheology precedes ethicotheology, and I show that the prevalent view, according to which physicotheology and ethicotheology are two separate kinds of theologies, must be revised.
Draft for Revision of the Standards EN 12640 and EN 12641 Regarding the Securing of Cargo on Road Means of Transport
Authors: Jagelcak Juraj , Vrabel Jan , Nieuwesteeg Michael
Published: December 2017

Since 2014, work regarding the revision of the Standard EN 12642 “Securing of cargo on road vehicles - Body structure of commercial vehicles - Minimum requirements” has been done, which is known for users of CODE XL certified swap bodies. Based on the negotiations on the above-mentioned standard, requirements for the revision of other standards for the cargo securing emerged. Currently, Expert group CEN TC 119 WG 7 is working on these standards. This paper discusses about the standards revision regarding the cargo securing.
Baseline Model to Increase Railway Infrastructure Capacity on a Single-Track Section: a Case Study
Authors: Ricci Stefano , Ľupták Vladimír , Chovancová Mária
Published: December 2017

Providing the railway infrastructure is a prerequisite for achieving the quality of public passenger transport, not only from a national perspective but also within a regional level. Based on transportation capacity knowledge, railway tracks capacity and headway can be determined. Subsequently, it is possible to examine the railway sections capacity and select a measure in order to increase this capacity.
Foreign direct investment of Polish enterprises in Ukraine – its conditions and structure
Authors: Kaczmarek Bogusław
Published: December 2017

The aim of the article is analysis (structure and direction of development) of Polish foreign direct investments in the Ukraine. The article consists of four parts: first shows the definition of FDI and some aspects and economic conceptions explaining the conditions of their undertaking by companies. The second part presents the economic situation of Ukraine as a country for FDI localization; the third part presents the legal and administrative conditions of business conditions in this country, and fourth shows the characteristics of FDI made in Ukraine by Polish entrepreneurs.

Materials for the preparation of this article were collected at the State Statistics Committee of Ukraine and at the Faculty of Industry and Trade of the Embassy of the Republic of Poland in Kiev. The data included also the elaboration of O.W. Polowin posted by Academy of Sciences of Ukraine.
Changes in Agricultural Markets in Poland following its Accession to the European Union
Authors: Czyżewski Andrzej , Czakowski Dariusz
Published: December 2017

This article attempts to determine the most significant tendencies and changes observed in Poland’s core markets of agricultural products, which occurred during the period preceding Poland’s accession to the European Union (1994-2003) and after the accession (2004-2013). The key markets of agricultural products include markets with the largest value of commodity production during the analysed period, such as cereals, potatoes, sugar beet, rapeseed, fruit, vegetables, pork, beef and poultry, cows’ milks and eggs. The development of domestic production, consumption and real purchasing prices were observed and compared in order to achieve the main objective. The research was preceded by the characterisation of macroeconomic and resource conditionalities of agricultural production as well as the trade balance of the Polish agri-food sector. On the basis of the conducted studies, there were singled out three groups of markets in which the situation during the period following Poland’s accession to the EU developed in a similar way.
Organic agricultural products in Europe and USA
Authors: Skrodzka Violetta
Published: December 2017

In the most developed countries of Western Europe and North America, the share of organic farming in the food market is between 2% and 6%. The share of organic products on the Polish food market is only 0.33% (Dryjańska E. 2017). The aim of this article is to compare organic agricultural products in the US and EU. The scope of the comparison was covered by the legal regulations for organic production in the mentioned regions and the availability of organic products for customers. In order to highlight differences between the organic product and their traditional counterpart, selected meta-analyzes were conducted by authors in the field of medical and natural sciences. The possibilities of buying organic products are described on the basis of personal experiences of the author as a consumer. The offer of organic products was analyzed on the example of one European country (Poland) and the example of several states of America (Colorado, Virginia, New York). The rules for producing organic food in the US are more rigorous than in the EU. The offer of organic and conventional food targeted to the American consumer is comparable. Although Polish consumers have a positive perception of organic food, its supply is significantly different from the US market. The main differences are in distribution channels, product range, price and visual design of organic products.
Deficiency of forests
Authors: Javed Sana , Hussain Mujtaba , Riasat Ayesha , Kanwal Salma , Imtiaz Mariam , Ahmad M. O.
Published: December 2017

An edge-magic total labeling of an (n,m)-graph G = (V,E) is a one to one map λ from V(G) ∪ E(G) onto the integers {1,2,…,n + m} with the property that there exists an integer constant c such that λ(x) + λ(y) + λ(xy) = c for any xy ∈ E(G). It is called super edge-magic total labeling if λ (V(G)) = {1,2,…,n}. Furthermore, if G has no super edge-magic total labeling, then the minimum number of vertices added to G to have a super edge-magic total labeling, called super edge-magic deficiency of a graph G, is denoted by μs(G) [4]. If such vertices do not exist, then deficiency of G will be + ∞. In this paper we study the super edge-magic total labeling and deficiency of forests comprising of combs, 2-sided generalized combs and bistar. The evidence provided by these facts supports the conjecture proposed by Figueroa-Centeno, Ichishima and Muntaner-Bartle [2].
Lebensbedingungen haben einen starken Einfluss auf die Plastizität des Gehirns
Authors: Löwel Siegrid , Kalogeraki Evgenia , Dehmel Susanne , Makowiecki Kalina
Published: December 2017

Während der Entwicklung führt das Zusammenwirken von Erfahrung und genetisch festgelegter Information zur Ausbildung und Optimierung neuronaler Schaltkreise und Verhaltensweisen. Daher üben Lebensbedingungen einen großen Einfluss auf das Gehirn aus. Bis heute häufen sich Nachweise dafür, dass die Haltung von Tieren in sogenannten „stimulierenden/angereicherten“ Käfigen erhebliche Auswirkungen auf das Gehirn auf molekularer, anatomischer und funktionaler Ebene hat, im Vergleich zu Tieren, die in „Standard“käfigen gehalten werden. In unserem Artikel geben wir einen kurzen Überblick dieses Forschungsgebietes und beschreiben die Unterschiede der Forschungsergebnisse auf dem Gebiet der Plastizität des visuellen Systems von Nagern, die in stimulierenden Käfigen gehalten werden im Vergleich zu Nagern aus Standardkäfigen. Außerdem gehen wir kurz auf Studien ein, die in vergleichbarer Weise die Auswirkungen von „angereicherten“ Lebensbedingungen bei Menschen untersuchen. Zusammenfassend ist festzustellen, dass Studienergebnisse immer im Kontext mit den Haltungsbedingungen der Versuchstiere gesehen werden müssen.
Global periodic solutions in a plankton-fish interaction model with toxication delay
Authors: Sharma Amit
Published: December 2017

In this paper, a plankton-fish interaction model is proposed and analyzed with the help of delay differential equations. Firstly, the elementary dynamical properties of the system in the absence of time delay is discussed. Then, we have established the existence of local Hopf-bifurcation as the time delay crosses its threshold value. The explicit results for stability and direction of the bifurcating periodic solution are derived by using normal form theory and center manifold arguments. In addition, special attention is paid to the global continuation of local Hopf bifurcations. Using the global Hopf-bifurcation result of [38] for functional differential equations, we establish the global existence of periodic solutions. The outcomes of the system are validated through numerical simulations in the concluding section.
Ordinary People on Television
Authors: Eriksson Göran , Camauër Leonor , Lakew Yuliya
Published: December 2017

By using a longitudinal design and measuring television content and the occurrence of ordinary television and ‘ordinary’ participants at four different points in time from 1982 to 2011, this study investigates the alleged shift towards ordinariness in the 1990s. Using Sweden as a test case, three research questions are posed: To what extent did ordinary television programming increase during the 1990s? To what extent did the participation of ordinary people increase as a consequence of this shift? To what extent has public service television adapted to commercial competition through broadcasting more ordinary television? The analysis confirms the alleged shift towards ordinariness. Ordinary television and ordinary participants did increase during the studied era, but a key argument put forward is that this shift occurred gradually and that one should avoid using overdramatic epithets to characterise it. The results also suggest that the public service broadcaster (SVT) also moved towards ordinariness but that this change was modest and occurred later than expected in Sweden.
Differences in the maturation level among life histories of the Japanese eel Anguilla japonica in the Nagata River, Japan
Authors: Chino Naoko , Imai Chifumi , Sakai Harumi , Arai Takaomi
Published: December 2017

In order to understand the silver eel migration behavior of the Japanese eel Anguilla japonica, the life history of both the yellow stage (immature stage) and the silver stage (early maturing stage) was examined during the silver eel migration period, using otolith microchemical analysis of strontium (Sr) and calcium (Ca) concentrations. The mean Sr:Ca ratios in A. japonica from the elver mark to the otolith edge indicate eels of several general categories of migratory histories, including sea eels (average Sr:Ca ratios, ≥ 6.0 × 10-3), estuarine eels (average Sr:Ca ratios, 2.0 × 10-3 ≤ Sr:Ca < 6.0 × 10-3) and river eels (average Sr:Ca ratios, < 2.0 × 10-3), based on the criteria reported previously in A. japonica. A significant negative correlation was observed between the gonadosomatic index (GSI) and the mean Sr:Ca ratios during the growth phase after recruitment. Gonads of river eels were more developed compared to eels with other migratory histories. It thus appears that the maturation level for the silver eel migration to the open ocean varies depending on the life history.