bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Endoscopic features of lymphoid follicles in the colonic mucosa using the image enhanced endoscopy and its association with colorectal adenoma
Authors: Tahara Tomomitsu , Takahama Kazuya , Tahara Sayumi , Horiguchi Noriyuki , Funasaka Kohei , Nakagawa Yoshihito , Shibata Tomoyuki , Tsukamoto Tetsuya , Ieda Hiro-o , Fukui Toshiro , Naganuma Makoto , Ohmiya Naoki
Published: May 2023

Background/Aim

Lymphoid follicles hyperplasia (LH) is sometimes observed in the normal colon as small, round, yellowish-white nodules. LH is associated with food hypersensitivity and bowel symptoms and histologically characterized as intense infiltration of lymphocytes or plasmacytes. It is suggested that LH represents inflammatory immune response in the colonic mucosa. We investigated the presence of LH in the normal colonic mucosa and its association with incidence of colorectal lesions including colorectal cancer, adenoma and hyperplastic polyp.

Patients/Methods

605 participants undergoing colonoscopy for various indications were enrolled. Presence of LH in the proximal colon (appendix, cecum and the ascending colon) was observed using the blue laser imaging (BLI) endoscopy, a new generation image enhanced endoscopy (IEE) system. LH was defined as well demarcated white nodules. Elevated LH with erythema was distinguished as LH severe. Association between presence of LH and occurrence of colorectal lesions was investigated.

Results

Prevalence of all colorectal lesions and adenoma were significantly lower in LH severe group compared to the LH negative group (P= 0.0008, 0.0009, respectively). Mean number of all colorectal lesions and adenoma were also lower in LH severe group compared to the LH negative group (P= 0.005, 0.003 respectively). The logistic regression with adjustment for gender and age demonstrated that presence of LH severe held significantly lower risk of all colorectal lesions (OR = 0.48, 95%CI = 0.27–0.86) and adenoma (OR = 0.47, 95%CI = 0.26–0.86).

Conclusion

LH in the colonic mucosa visualized by IEE is useful endoscopic finding to predict risk of colorectal adenoma.
Understanding the medication experience of patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer taking epidermal growth factor receptor-tyrosine kinase inhibitors: A phenomenological study
Authors: Wen Meng-Jung , Hsu Han-Lin , Chang Chia-Lun , Wang Jou-Han , Kuo Chun-Nan , Hsin Yen-Chun , Chang Elizabeth H.
Published: May 2023

Background and objective

Patients with cancer taking oral antineoplastic medications may encounter problems including suboptimal adherence as well as physical and psychological disease burden. Despite increase in the use of oncology pharmacy services, there are wide variations between healthcare professionals and patient perceptions of patients’ medication experiences. The objective of the study was to explore the medication experience of taking oral targeted therapy in patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC).

Method

We purposively sampled advanced stage (stage III or IV) NSCLC patients taking epidermal growth factor receptor-tyrosine kinase inhibitors (EGFR-TKIs) in a medical center in Taiwan. Face-to-face interviews using semi-structured interview guides were conducted. Interviews were transcribed verbatim and thematic analysis was applied. A phenomenological methodology was adopted to explore the underlying meaning of patients’ lived experience.

Results

A total of 19 participants with a mean age of 68.2 years were interviewed. The duration of EGFR-TKIs use ranged from 2 weeks to 5 years. When first learned about the unexpected yet ‘treatable’ cancer, participants expressed strong emotional responses based on their intrinsic beliefs of the terminal disease and therapy. They walked along an unfamiliar trail while confronting physical and psychological challenges and made compromises to treatment. Gaining experiences from cancer journey, patients with cancer continuously seek the ultimate goals–‘return to normal’.

Conclusions

This study also revealed medication experiences of participants’ journey from seeking information in the initial phase and living with cancer, to taking back control of their own lives. Healthcare professionals could better empathize with patients’ loss of control and understand their perspectives when making clinical decisions. These findings can guide interdisciplinary teams to integrate patients’ beliefs and conduct pre-screening assessments of health literacy levels to tailor communication. Subsequent interventions should be developed to identify barriers to medication self-management and empower patients by building social networks.
Retinal transcriptome of neonatal mice after optic nerve injury
Authors: Yao Shi-Qi , Wang Meng , Liang Jia-Jian , Ng Tsz Kin , Cen Ling-Ping
Published: May 2023

Background

The axonal growth capacity of retinal ganglion cells decreases dramatically within the first day of birth, and the axonal regeneration after injury in mature mammals is very limited. Here, this study aimed to delineate the transcriptomic changes associated with altered axonal growth capacity and to identify the key genes associated with axonal regeneration by the RNA sequencing (RNA-Seq) analysis.

Methods

The whole retinas from the mice of embryonic day (E) 20, postnatal day (P) 1 and P3 were collected at 6 hours after optic nerve crush (ONC). Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) for ONC or ages were identified by the RNA-Seq analysis. K-means analysis was conducted for the clustering of DEGs based on expression patterns. Enrichment of functions and signaling pathways analysis were performed based on Gene Ontology (GO), Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) database, and Gene Set Enrichment analysis (GSEA). Quantitative real time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) was used to validate the DEGs selected from the RNA-Seq analysis.

Results

In total, 5,408 DEGs were identified for ages, and 2,639 DEGs in neonatal mouse retina after ONC. K-means analysis revealed 7 clusters in age-DEGs and 11 clusters in ONC-DEGs. The GO, KEGG and GSEA pathway analyses identified significantly enrichment of DEGs in the visual perception and phototransduction for the age effect, and the break repair, neuron projection guidance, and immune system pathway for the ONC. PPI analysis identified hub genes in the axon-related gene cluster. The expressions of Mlc1, Zfp296, Atoh7, Ecel1, Creb5, Fosb, and Lcn2, thought to be involved in RGC death and axonal growth were validated by qRT-PCR.

Conclusions

This study, for the first time, delineated the gene expression changes following ON injury in embryonic and neonatal mice, providing a new resource of age- and injury-driven data on axonal growth capacity.
Apoptotic mechanism of propofol-induced developmental toxicity in zebrafish embryos
Authors: Ge Yali , Yuan Wenjuan , Jia Wenzhu , Guan Zhongxia , Huang Tianfeng , Zhang Yang , Song Chengyi , Xiao Yinggang , Gao Ju
Published: May 2023

General anesthetics can cause neurological damage and long-term behavioral/cognitive impairment during fetal and early postnatal life. However, the adverse influence on embryo development induced by propofol is unclear. We used embryonic zebrafish to explore the effects of propofol on embryonic and larval growth and development, and the related apoptotic mechanism. Zebrafish embryos were immersed in propofol (1, 2, 3, 4, and 5 μg/ml) dissolved in E3 medium from 6 to 48 hours post fertilization (hpf). The survival rate, locomotion, heart rate, hatchability, deformity rate, and body length were analyzed at defined stages. Terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase nick-end-labeling was used to detect zebrafish embryo apoptosis, and the expression levels of apoptosis-related genes were determined using quantitative real-time reverse transcription PCR and whole-mount in situ hybridization. Larvae at 48 hpf were anesthetized by immersion in E3 culture medium containing 2 μg/ml propofol, the reasonable anesthetic concentration for zebrafish embryos, which caused significant caudal fin dysplasia, light pigmentation, edema, hemorrhage, and spinal deformity, and decreased the hatchability, body length, and heart rate. The numbers of apoptotic cells in propofol-treated 12, 48 and 72 hpf embryos increased significantly, and the mRNA expression levels of intrinsic apoptosis pathway-related casp3a, casp3b, casp9, and baxb genes were upregulated, mainly in the head and tail. Propofol decreased apoptosis in the head and back of 24 hpf zebrafish, which was consistent with the mRNA expression analysis. Our findings demonstrated that zebrafish embryos and larvae exposed to propofol experienced developmental toxicity, which correlated with the intrinsic apoptosis pathway with casp3a, casp3b, casp9, and baxb as the key genes.
User experience, game satisfaction and engagement with the virtual simulation VR FestLab for alcohol prevention: A quantitative analysis among Danish adolescents
Authors: Guldager Julie Dalgaard , Hrynyschyn Robert , Kjær Satayesh Lavasani , Dietrich Timo , Majgaard Gunver , Stock Christiane
Published: May 2023

VR FestLab is a virtual reality party simulation application. The tool allows users to make decisions while experiencing a virtual party where they are offered alcohol. This study examines the user experience, game satisfaction, and engagement of 181 adolescent users (aged 15–18) with VR FestLab involving seven schools in Denmark. All user experience factors of the short user experience questionnaire were rated positively or neutral, and 66% of the students liked the VR experience. Neither the user experience score nor a score for game satisfaction and engagement were associated with sex, age, perceived family affluence, school performance, alcohol consumption and attitudes or mental health of students. Overall, positive user experiences and game satisfaction of VR FestLab were found not to differ according to student characteristics. We conclude that virtual simulations offer new ways for developing drinking refusal skills that are attractive and acceptable for adolescent users.
IFITM1 enhances nonenveloped viral RNA replication by facilitating cholesterol transport to the Golgi
Authors: ISHIKAWA-Sasaki Kumiko , Murata Takayuki , Sasaki Jun
Published: May 2023

Aichi virus (AiV), a small non-enveloped RNA virus, hijacks the endoplasmic reticulum (ER)–Golgi cholesterol transport machinery to form cholesterol-rich replication sites originating from Golgi membranes. Interferon-induced transmembrane proteins (IFITMs) are antiviral restriction factors, whose involvement in intracellular cholesterol transport is suggested. Here, we describe the roles of IFITM1 in cholesterol transport that affect AiV RNA replication. IFITM1 stimulated AiV RNA replication and its knockdown significantly reduced the replication. In replicon RNA-transfected or infected cells, endogenous IFITM1 localized to the viral RNA replication sites. Further, IFITM1 interacted with viral proteins and host Golgi proteins, ACBD3, PI4KB, OSBP, which constitute the replication sites. When overexpressed, IFITM1 localized to the Golgi as well as endosomes, and this phenotype was also observed for endogenous IFITM1 early in AiV RNA replication, leading to the distribution of cholesterol at the Golgi-derived replication sites. The pharmacological inhibition of ER–Golgi cholesterol transport or endosomal cholesterol export impaired AiV RNA replication and cholesterol accumulation at the replication sites. Such defects were corrected by expression of IFITM1. Overexpressed IFITM1 facilitated late endosome–Golgi cholesterol transport without any viral proteins. In summary, we propose a model in which IFITM1 enhances cholesterol transport to the Golgi to accumulate cholesterol at Golgi-derived replication sites, providing a novel mechanism by which IFITM1 enables efficient genome replication of non-enveloped RNA virus.
Inside entrepreneurial orientation: Do risk-taking and innovativeness influence proactiveness?
Authors: Wach Krzysztof , Maciejewski Marek , Głodowska Agnieszka
Published: May 2023

The article focuses on the interdependencies within entrepreneurial orientation. The objective of the study was to verify the relationship between risk-taking and innovativeness, on the one hand, and proactiveness on the other hand, as three elements of entrepreneurial orientation of internationalized firms. The main research question the article answers is: In what way do risk-taking and innovativeness influence proactiveness within the interrelated three-dimensional construct of entrepreneurial orientation? The article employs structural equation modelling (CB-SEM) to analyse survey results based on a stratified sampling of 355 internationalized firms from Poland. The empirical findings demonstrate the positive impact of risk-taking (RISK) and innovativeness (INNO) on proactiveness (PROACT) within the interrelated three-dimensional construct of entrepreneurial orientation. Moreover, the level of risk-taking (RISK) and innovativeness (INNO) accounts for 36% of the variation in proactiveness (PROACT), which is considered high in social sciences, including business studies.
Rentabilidade de cenoura orgânica influenciada por manejos de solo e tipos de semeadura
Authors: Pinto Geazí Penha , Ferreira Regina Lúcia Felix , Araújo Neto Sebastião Elviro de , Souza Luís Gustavo de Souza e , Uchôa Thays Lemos , Machado Lucas
Published: May 2023

A avaliação econômica da atividade agrícola é importante para determinar sua viabilidade. Assim o objetivo deste trabalho foi verificar a rentabilidade econômica do cultivo orgânico de cenoura, sob manejos de solo e diferentes semeadura. O experimento foi realizado em Rio Branco, AC, entre junho e setembro de 2018. Instalado em delineamento em blocos casualizados, em parcelas subdivididas, sendo quatro manejos: cobertura vegetal morta, cobertura plástica “mulching”, solarização e solo nu; e três tipos de semeadura: direta, indireta e pré-germinada. Aos 81 dias foi realizada a colheita e após a avaliação da produtividade, foram avaliados os indicadores econômicos: custos, receitas, rentabilidade, margem de lucro, remuneração de mão-de-obra familiar e produção para cobertura de custos. Considerando os custos com insumos e serviços vigente em 2018 e os coeficientes técnicos obtidos durante o experimento. A margem de lucro foi superior a outros investimentos, como a poupança. Todos os tratamentos tiveram rentabilidade positiva, bem como para todos a relação B/C foi superior a 1,0.  A proteção do solo com plástico “mulching” proporcionou as maiores receitas. A diária paga à mão-de-obra da família alcançou R$ 621,26. A solarização com semeadura indireta exigiu maior produtividade para cobertura do custo total. Independente do manejo do solo e tipo de semeadura, a rentabilidade é positiva e apresenta lucro supernormal. A cobertura plástica “mulching” aliada a semeadura direta e pré-germinada, elevam as receitas.
Classification and Management of Disorders of the J Pouch
Authors: Santiago Priscila , Barnes Edward L. , Raffals Laura E.
Published: May 2023

Total abdominal proctocolectomy with ileal pouch–anal anastomosis (IPAA) for ulcerative colitis (UC) is associated with substantial complications despite the benefits of managing refractory and/or neoplasia-associated disease. For the purpose of this review, we focused on the diagnosis of some of the most common inflammatory and structural pouch disorders and their respective management. Pouchitis is the most common complication, and it is typically responsive to antibiotics. However, chronic antibiotic refractory pouchitis (CARP) has been increasingly recognized, and biologic therapies have emerged as the mainstay of therapy. Crohn's-like disease of the pouch (CLDP) can affect up to 10% of patients with UC after IPAA. Medical options are similar to CARP therapies, including biologics with immunomodulators. Studies have shown higher efficacy rates of biologics for CLDP when compared with those for CARP. In addition, managing stricturing and fistulizing CLDP is challenging and often requires interventional endoscopy (balloon dilation and/or stricturotomy) and/or surgery. The implementation of standardized diagnostic criteria for inflammatory pouch disorders will help in advancing future therapeutic options. Structural pouch disorders are commonly related to surgical complications after IPAA. We focused on the diagnosis and management of anastomotic leaks, strictures, and floppy pouch complex. Anastomotic leaks and anastomotic strictures occur in approximately 15% and 11% of patients with UC after IPAA, respectively. Further complications from pouch leaks include the development of sinuses, fistulas, and pouch sepsis requiring excision. Novel endoscopic interventions and less invasive surgical procedures have emerged as options for the management of these disorders.
“¡Una requisa... negros!” Periferia y discriminación étnico/racial en Cartagena de Indias
Authors: Álvarez William Andrés
Published: May 2023

El presente texto hace parte de una investigación que exploró etnográficamente el mundo de las pandillas, los jóvenes y la violencia urbana en las periferias de Cartagena-Colombia. Mi objetivo aquí es presentar un segmento de ese proyecto enfocado en las diversas manifestaciones de discriminación racial que los jóvenes de la periferia experimentan en sus recorridos por la ciudad y territorios. Para lograr tal fin presento fragmentos de relatos y experiencias de vida que recopilé durante casi 4 años de observación participante en uno de los barrios más peligrosos y densamente poblado por población afrodescendiente de Cartagena. Por medio de estos interlocutores presento una hipótesis socio-histórica que busca comprender el fenómeno del racismo y la segregación étnico/racial a través, especialmente, de tres categorías: Estado racial, violencia estructural, sistema-mundo. De forma paralela realizo una reflexión sobre la violencia experimentada por los jóvenes desde una perspectiva necropolítica.
Micoahumado, Tarso y Mogotes: De la resistencia civil no violenta a la construcción de paz territorial en Colombia
Authors: Gómez Urueta Carolina
Published: May 2023

Este artículo reivindica el valor epistemológico y político de tres procesos comunitarios gestados en el seno del conflicto armado colombiano, que son ejercicios de resistencia civil no violenta al involucrar actores civiles colectivos que utilizaron medios pacíficos para responder a las afectaciones generadas por los actores armados y a las condiciones injustas de exclusión a las que habían sido sometidas a causa de la ausencia o indiferencia del Estado. En esas condiciones de vulnerabilidad, las comunidades de Micoahumado (Bolívar), Mogotes (Santander) y Tarso (Antioquia) negociaron con los grupos armados garantías de seguridad y exigieron a las autoridades el cumplimiento de sus funciones esenciales apersonándose de la planificación del desarrollo territorial, fortaleciendo los lazos de solidaridad y fomentando una cultura de paz.
Bioinformatic and Molecular Docking Study of Zerumbone and Its Derivates against Colorectal Cancer
Authors: Fauziyya Riri , Auli Winni Nur , Suprahman Nisa Yulianti , Sarmoko Sarmoko , Ashari Arif , Alsadila Kalista , Agustin Lanita , Fazila Safia , Zahra Miralda , Pane Esteria Christina , Sukrasno Sukrasno
Published: May 2023

The prevalence of colorectal cancer (CRC) is ranked third among all cancer types in both men and women, highlighting the urgency for drug exploration. Zerumbone and its derivatives have gained attention for their ability to inhibit angiogenesis, invasion, and metastasis and have been tested for their efficacy against various cancer cells. This study aimed to investigate the potential targets and mechanism of action of zerumbone derivatives in colon cancer invasion and migration. Bioinformatic analysis was conducted using STITCH and STRING to identify potential target genes, and molecular docking was used to search for anticancer candidates from 20 zerumbone derivatives. The results revealed that six proteins were targeted by zerumbone derivatives, including XIAPBIR3 (1TFT), AKT1 (3O96), JAK2 (6VGL), HASP90AA (2XJX), MDM2 (4MDN), and XIAPBIR2 (4KJU). Compound 4 was found to have a lower binding energy than zerumbone as well as AZD5363 (pan-Akt inhibitor) when interacting with the protein target AKT1. This makes it the most promising candidate among the zerumbone derivatives for treating colorectal cancer. Further development, such as the addition of an amine functional group, is expected to improve the potency of this molecule through the formation of hydrogen bonds and other interactions with lower bond energy.Keywords: Bioinformatic, molecular docking, zerumbone derivatives, colorectal cancer.
Virtuous Indecisiveness
Authors: Ivry Tsipy , Ogawa Maki , Murotsuki Jun
Published: May 2023

Anthropological engagement with moralities and ethics assumes that people evaluate themselves and others according to their notions of good and bad; yet little is known about how people evaluate the quality of their deliberations. Such evaluations of the seriousness of ethical deliberations prevail in Japan’s genetic counseling for pregnant couples considering NIPT, a maternal blood test early in pregnancy that does not endanger the pregnancy but might lead to termination dilemmas. These deliberations are based on the idea that the ambivalence over whether to provide or undergo a potentially selective test is virtuous. This article examines how Japanese policymakers, medical professionals, genetic counselors, and pregnant couples make decisions within social settings that valorize indecisiveness. Ambivalence emerges as the cognitive skill of seeing complexity clearly. How people and their ethnographers evaluate the quality of ethical deliberations is essential to contemplate if we are to understand how people seek to lead a moral life.
摘要

道徳と倫理への人類学的な関与は、人々が善悪の概念に従って自分自身や他人を評価することを前提としている。 しかし、人々がその討議の良し悪しをどのように評価しているかについてはほとんど知られていない。このような倫理討議の深刻な評価は、妊娠を危険にさらすことはないが中絶のジレンマにつながる可能性のある妊娠初期の母体血液検査である NIPT を検討している妊娠中のカップルに対する日本の遺伝カウンセリングでは一般的である。これらの討議と躊躇いは、潜在的に選択的なテストを提供したり受けたりすることが道徳にかなっているのかどうかという両価性の考えに基づいている。 この論文では、日本の政策立案者、医療専門家、遺伝カウンセラー、および妊娠中のカップルが、決断をためらうことに評価する社会環境の中でどのように決定を下すのかを調べる。両価性は、複雑さを明確に見る認知スキルとして現れる。 人々とその民族誌学者が倫理的審理の質をどのように評価するのかは、人々がどのように道徳的な生活を送ろうとしているのかを理解し熟考することが不可欠だ。
The Weightless State
Authors: Melly Caroline
Published: May 2023

Executives at APIX, Senegal’s state investment-promotion agency, cast their office as the vanguard of a new kind of state formation, one remade through decades of austerity and resolutely focused on the nation’s future. They imagined PowerPoint as especially critical to this mission, as it had the potential to move the state beyond the confines of paper form and parochial bureaucratic routine and into the wider world. In this article, I explore the complex relationship between this state agency and this presentation software package. More specifically, I examine how preoccupations with weight shape state work and technological practice. By attending to everyday aspirations for weightlessness and resultant shifts in material forms, I argue, we might better understand the complex and consequential relationship between state and media in Senegal and elsewhere.
Potential Implications of Retail Central Bank Digital Currency for Banking Systems Identified in the Literature and by Central Banks
Authors: Iwańczuk-Kaliska Anna
Published: May 2023

The aim of the paper is to review and discuss the implications of a new form of central bank money – retail central bank digital currency (CBDC) – for central and commercial banks, identified in the literature and by central banks. The author’s intention is also to indicate possible differences in the approach to this issue by researchers and individual central banks. The study is based on a review covering both academic literature and central banks official documents on retail CBDC. It also includes a comparative analysis of CBDC concepts (disregarding the level of implementation) outlined by 13 European and non-European central banks in their official reports. The study shows that the research papers and official reports by central banks are consistent as for the areas of influence of retail CBDCs on central banks and the banking sector. However, both do not give complete answers to questions about the consequences of CBDCs for banking systems, the economy and society. The analyses published by central banks do not provide, as one might assume, a greater level of detail and precision.
The reflection invariance problems in stereochemical nomenclature for absolute configuration
Authors: Bhattacharya Prabuddha , Basak Amit
Published: May 2023

Genesis of chirality and its link to the origin of life continue to intrigue scientists. Chirality also plays an important role in medicine with the advent of chiral drugs and the consequent importance of asymmetric synthesis. The configuration of a chiral molecule gets inverted in its mirror image, as is manifested by (i) sign of specific rotation and (ii) normally, through the absolute configurational notation (R/S). While the first parameter is always true, the second one, that is the mirror image relationship of R and S configurations, called the reflection variance, may not always hold good. In this manuscript, we have highlighted examples of molecules with combinations of central and axial or planar chirality where the mirror image relationship between R and S configurations does not hold. This reflection invariance originates from the CIP rule of R precedes S. Similar reflection invariance can be observed in P or M forms of conformations of some particular molecules with chiral ligands. Proposal to avoid such reflection invariances, has been put forward. An ignorance about the possibility of reflection invariance in enantiomeric molecules can lead to common mistakes about stereoisomeric relationship or reactivity profile.
Environmental Taxation and International Trade in a Tax-Distorted Economy
Authors: Llop Maria
Published: May 2023

International environmental agreements have been met with the reluctance of some national authorities to accept general commitments aimed at reducing greenhouse gas emissions. While acknowledging the crucial significance of the climate change process, politicians and regulators in some countries have argued that pollution measures would have a negative impact on their domestic welfare. This article uses a standard general equilibrium model of perfect competition to examine the welfare effects of taxing a polluting-exported good through an explicit representation of the trade relations of the economy in the presence of pre-existing taxes. The equivalent autarky model is used to contrast the welfare impacts with the open economy situation. The results extend the scope of the literature on second-best environmental taxation by identifying the complexity of the components affecting welfare in open economies.
The Universal and the Local in theCivitas Batavorum
Authors: Christensen Kristian Kanstrup
Published: May 2023

Intense recruitment for the Roman army among the Batavians of the Lower Rhi­ne exposed their community more profoundly to Latin literacy and the universal cul­ture of the empire than many oth­er provinces. How­ever, through an anthro­polo­gi­cal examination of their commu­ni­ty, the present paper demonstrates that even under the­se con­di­tions, the cultural amalgamation of the impe­rial and the lo­cal was li­mi­ted, and Batavian society retained a markedly distinct cul­ture through­out centuries of Ro­man rule.
The crystal structure of N,N′-(1,2-phenylene)bis (2-((2-oxopropyl)selanyl)benzamide), C26H24N2O4Se2
Authors: Feng Shuxiao , Zhong Xuan , Qi Kaiyan , Guo Yafei , Wang Junling , Gu Guangna , Ma Junying
Published: May 2023

C26H24N2O4Se2, monoclinic, C2/c (no. 15), a = 22.9092(7) Å, b = 5.8900(2) Å, c = 36.6209(9) Å, β = 91.983(3)°, V = 4938.5(3) Å3, Z = 8, R

gt
(F) = 0.0419, wR

ref
(F
2) = 0.1162, T = 293 K.
Between analytical mood and clause-initial particles – on the diagnostics of subordination for (emergent) complementizers
Authors: Wiemer Björn
Published: May 2023

The article addresses empirical and methodological issues that are of central concern for an assessment of uninflected function words doing services in clause-combining and/or in indicating the speaker’s stance toward illocutionary force or propositional content. Such units have been variably treated: either just as ‘particles’, as subordinating conjunctions or complementizers, or as auxiliaries of ‘analytic moods’ (marking directive or optative illocutionary force). Whatever they are called, all these units scope over clauses and manipulate their reality status. A discrimination of these types of units is difficult or hardly possible, first of all, because core notions (especially ‘(analytic) mood’ and ‘complementizer’) are ill-defined and their consequent cross-linguistic application suggests an almost arbitrary exchangeability: since the notional contrasts behind them are basically identical, clear criteria based on form and paradigmatic organization are warranted. Jointly, one needs to specify the format of the relevant units in terms of clines between morphemes and words, and between words and constructions, first of all for North Slavicbyand South Slavicda.

Concomitantly, the delimitation of discourse coherence from syntactic subordination poses notorious problems. First, embedding is a property on a gradient, mainly because symptomatic shifts of egocentricals need not (and often do not) occur simultaneously. Second, there is an enormous grey zone of clausal complements vs adjuncts leaving ample space for indeterminacy. Both intensional and extensional approaches to determining clausal complements have their inherent and empirical weaknesses, and one wonders whether these might be recompensated by combining both types of approaches.

The article gives a complex account of general theoretical and empirical pitfalls, with illustrations from a comprehensive body of data across Slavic on a typological background. The article also shows a principled divide between volition- and cognition-based clause connectives (and of their constructions), for which it points out inner-Slavic areal clines.
Bidirectional Modulation of Nociception by GlyT2+Neurons in the Ventrolateral Periaqueductal Gray
Authors: Assareh Neda , Fenech Caitlin , Power Rebecca , Uddin Mohammad N. , Otsu Yo , Aubrey Karin R.
Published: May 2023

The midbrain periaqueductal gray (PAG), particularly its ventrolateral column (vlPAG), is part of a key descending pathway that modulates nociception, fear and anxiety behaviors in both humans and rodents. It has been previously demonstrated that inhibitory GABAergic neurons within the vlPAG have a major role in this nociceptive modulation. However, the PAG contains a diverse range of neuronal subtypes and the contribution of different subtypes of inhibitory neurons to nociceptive control has not been investigated. Here, we employed a chemogenetic strategy in mice that express Cre recombinase under the promotor for the glycine transporter 2 (GlyT2::cre) to modulate a novel group of glycinergic neurons within the vlPAG and then investigate their role in nociceptive control. We show that activation of GlyT2-PAG neurons enhances cold and noxious heat responses and increases locomotor activity (LMA) in both male and female mice. In contrast, inhibition of GlyT2-PAG neurons reduced nociceptive responses, while locomotor behaviors were unaffected. Our findings demonstrate that GlyT2+neurons in the vlPAG modulate nociception and suggest that strategies targeting GlyT2-PAG neurons could be used to design novel analgesic therapies.
Snowmelt contribution to Arctic first-year ice ridge mass balance and rapid consolidation during summer melt
Authors: Lange Benjamin A. , Salganik Evgenii , Macfarlane Amy , Schneebeli Martin , Høyland Knut , Gardner Jessie , Müller Oliver , Divine Dmitry V. , Kohlbach Doreen , Katlein Christian , Granskog Mats A.
Published: May 2023

Sea ice ridges are one of the most under-sampled and poorly understood components of the Arctic sea ice system. Yet, ridges play a crucial role in the sea ice mass balance and have been identified as ecological hotspots for ice-associated flora and fauna in the Arctic. To better understand the mass balance of sea ice ridges, we drilled and sampled two different first-year ice (FYI) ridges in June–July 2020 during the Multidisciplinary drifting Observatory for the Study of Arctic Climate (MOSAiC). Ice cores were cut into 5 cm sections, melted, then analyzed for salinity and oxygen (δ18O) isotope composition. Combined with isotope data of snow samples, we used a mixing model to quantify the contribution of snow to the consolidated sea ice ridge mass. Our results demonstrate that snow meltwater is important for summer consolidation and overall ice mass balance of FYI ridges during the melt season, representing 6%–11% of total ridged ice mass or an ice thickness equivalent of 0.37–0.53 m. These findings demonstrate that snowmelt contributes to consolidation of FYI ridges and is a mechanism resulting in a relative increase of sea ice volume in summer. This mechanism can also affect the mechanical strength and survivability of ridges, but also contribute to reduction of the habitable space and light levels within FYI ridges. We proposed a combination of two pathways for the transport of snow meltwater and incorporation into ridge keels: percolation downward through the ridge and/or lateral transport from the under-ice meltwater layer. Whether only one pathway or a combination of both pathways is most likely remains unclear based on our observations, warranting further research on ridge morphology.
Does Tax Planning and Deferred Tax Expense Affect Earnings Management?
Authors: Nofrivul Nofrivul , Amran Elsa Fitri , Firmanola Widia
Published: May 2023

Purpose : To achieve high profits the company must have a competitive advantage compared to other companies, one of which is the ability to manage finances well, in order to ensure the company’s long-term viability, which is reflected in the amount of profit generated. This is what motivates managers to take deviations in the presentation and reporting of earnings information, which is called earnings management. The goal of this research is to determine the impact of tax planning and deferred tax expense on earnings management.

Method : The study uses purposive sampling method and obtained 36 manufacturing companies for eight years of observation. The population used are manufacturing companies listed in Indonesian Stock Exchange (IDX) during the years 2013-2020. The data were tested using logistic regression.

Findings : The result of this study indicated that tax planning has no effect on earnings management and deferred tax expense has effect on the probability of companies doing earnings management. While tax planning and deferred tax expense have a simultaneous effect on earnings management.

Novelty : The research was conducted to determine the factors that influence the company to practice earnings management that is focused on tax planning and deferred tax expense. The earnings management measure used in this study is a dummy variable which implies the existence of a company policy to increase or decrease profits.

Keywords : Tax Planning; Deferred Tax Expense; Earnings Management
A Study for QOL and Surgical Incision Pain in Patients Undergoing Totally Thoracoscopic Combined Aortic and Mitral Valve Replacement Surgery
Authors: Xu Zheng , Wang Hanyu , Wang Wei , Dai Xiaofu
Published: May 2023

Background: In recent years, based on traditional median sternotomy surgery, totally thoracoscopic for aortic and mitral valve replacement surgery is increasingly being performed despite little published evidence. This study investigated postoperative pain and short-term quality of life (QOL) of patients undergoing double valve replacement surgery. Methods: From November 2021 to December 2022, 141 patients with double valvular heart disease who underwent thoracoscopic group (N = 62) and median sternotomy group (N = 79) were included. Clinical data were recorded, and a visual analog scale (VAS) was used to measure postoperative pain intensity. The medical outcomes study (MOS) 36-item Short-Form Health Survey assessed short-term QOL after surgery. Results: Sixty-two patients underwent total thoracic double valve replacement, and 79 patients underwent median sternotomy double valve replacement. Both groups were similar in terms of demographics and general clinical data, as well as the incidence of postoperative adverse events. The VAS scores of the thoracoscopic group were lower than those in the median sternotomy group. The hospital stay time was significantly shorter in the thoracoscopic group than in the median sternotomy group (30.2 ± 12 days vs. 36 ± 19 days, p = 0.03). The scores of bodily pains and some of the subscales in SF-36 were significantly different between the two groups (p < 0.05). Conclusions: Thoracoscopic combined aortic and mitral valve replacement surgery can reduce postoperative pain and improve short-term postoperative QOL, which has specific clinical application value.
Early and Mid-Term Outcomes of Delayed Sternum Closure Strategy in Adult Cardiac Surgery: A Single-Center Experience
Authors: Alagha Sameh , Çiçekçioğlu Ferit , Ekim Hasan , Miniksar Ökkeş Hakan
Published: May 2023

Background: Delayed sternum closure is a crucial strategy in the management of hemodynamic instability after weaning from cardiopulmonary bypass. This study aimed to evaluate our outcomes with this technique in light of the literature. Methods: We retrospectively reviewed the data of all the patients who developed postcardiotomy hemodynamic compromise and intraaotic balloon pump was inserted between November 2014 to January 2022. Patients were divided into two groups: primary sternal closure group, and delayed sternum closure group. Patients' demographic data, hemodynamic parameters, and postoperative morbidities were recorded. Results: Delayed sternum closure was performed in 16 patients with an incidence of 3.6%. The most common indication was hemodynamic instability in 14 patients (82%), followed by arrhythmia in 2 patients (12%) and diffuse bleeding in 1 patient (6%). The mean time to sternum closure was 21 (±7) hours. Three patients died (19%), p > 0.999. The median follow-up period was 25 months. Survival analysis revealed that the survival rate was 92%, p = 0.921. Deep sternal infection was observed in one patient with (6%), p > 0.999. multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that end-diastolic diameter [odds ratio (OR) 4.5, 95% CI (1.19–17), p = 0.027], right ventricle diameter [OR 3.9, 95% CI (1.3–10.7), p = 0.012] and aortic clamp time [OR 1.16, 95% CI (1.02–1.12), p = 0.008] were independent risk factors for delayed sternum closure. Conclusions: Elective delayed sternal closure is a safe and effective method for treating postcardiotomy hemodynamic instability. It can be performed with a low incidence of mortality and sternal infections.
Decolonial theories: origin, categories, and critical intents
Authors: Pachón Soto Damián , Torres Tafúr Karen Yolima
Published: May 2023

This paper presents the epistemic and political proposal of the Modernity/ Coloniality group. I display the conformation of the group, its members and principal conceptual and theoretical elaborations. The essay exposes with thoroughness the contribution of collective Modernity/Coloniality, in special, its critic of modernity and the epistemic colonialism which Europe and the named First World has put under the “periphery”
¿Retomada del crecimiento o 'viento de cola'? Desempeño comparado del neoliberalismo mexicano y el post-neoliberalismo brasileño (2003-2015)
Authors: Zunino Ruso Antonino Pablo
Published: May 2023

Se sintetiza una parte de los resultados de investigación sobre la dinámica política y económica de Brasil y México entre 2003 y 2015, que compara gobiernos de signo progresista en el primer caso y neoliberal en el segundo. En este artículo se procura determinar en qué medida sus diferentes tasas de crecimiento obedecieron a un contexto externo favorable (marcado por el alza de los commodities que la región exporta), o decorrieron de discrepancias en la política aplicada. Se caracteriza la regulación económica implementada en cada caso, y se pondera la incidencia de la variación de sus términos de intercambio sobre su desempeño económico. Nuestras conclusiones apuntan que hubo diferencias relevantes en la política de cada gobierno; no obstante, sus diferencias en cuanto a crecimiento económico tienen origen externo.
Desempleo e Informalidad en Costa Rica: ante la revolución tecnológica 4.0
Authors: Benavides Vindas Shirley , Suárez Espinoza Kerlyn
Published: May 2023

El desempleo y la informalidad en Costa Rica han estado en la discusión nacional en cuanto a sus orígenes y consecuencias en el bienestar y desarrollo del país. Por ello, este artículo tiene como objetivo analizar si el país se está preparando, en términos educativos, ante la revolución tecnológica 4.0 en el marco del desempleo y la informalidad. Para ello se realizó una revisión de información secundaria como bases de datos oficiales e información bibliográfica de centros e institutos de referencia internacional para Latinoamérica. Se determinó que las nuevas formas de trabajo se deben acompañar de inversiones productivas que disminuyan el desempleo y la informalidad, evitando la precariedad del empleo y frenar la exclusión social, bajo las brechas de productividad interna y externa que caracterizan la estructura productiva costarricense. Por otra parte, el éxito de la revolución 4.0, se debe vincular con el diseño y ejecución de políticas públicas que posibiliten transformaciones que permitan avanzar de forma más eficiente en un desarrollo inclusivo. La principal conclusión es que el país no cuenta con una estrategia dedicada que le posibilite adaptarse a los cambios que presenta la revolución 4.0, lo que posibilitaría un mayor dinamismo y oportunidades de desarrollo.
Transfer of shrines in pre-mongolian Rus: the calendar-related aspect of the ceremonies
Authors: Laushkin Aleksei
Published: May 2023

The Church calendar in Old Rus' did not only determine the course of divine services, but also actively influenced the planning of the most important events by princes and bishops, both ecclesiastical and secular. The timing of the ceremonies (that framed such events) to significant festive milestones of liturgical cycles, besides the utilitarian and symbolic meanings, carried an important spiritual content. As the organizers see it, calendar timing was a means of special turning to God and the saints. A clear dependence on the calendar is demonstrated, in particular, by the chronological component of the celebrations dedicated to the transfer of shrines. The article clarifies and analyzes all the exact (daily) dates of such events of the 11th – the first third of the 13th centuries preserved in the sources. In total, ten such dates have come down to us: four of them relate to the relocation of the relics of sts. Boris and Gleb, the remaining six – of other Russian and imported relics. The author of the article comes to the conclusion that the organizers of the celebrations used several calendar strategies, and usually layered them on top of each other, striving to achieve what can be called “multiplication of festivity”. In most cases, the transfer of shrines turned out to be correlated with Sundays and at the same time coordinated with the rhythms of the Menologion and the Triodion: the “liturgical fields” of Easter and great feasts and (or) calendar milestones associated directly with the honored saint. The obtained results complement the scientific understanding of the temporal culture and eorthological creativity of the Old Rus' elite.
Images of saints in the “Study guide to the history of the Russian Church” by P. V. Znamensky
Authors: Nekhorosheva Tatiana
Published: May 2023

The article examines the possible reasons and goals for P. V. Znamensky's choice of certain saints as heroes of the Study Guide to the History of the Russian Church, analyzes what characteristic features of the lives he paid special attention to. The author comes to the conclusion: regardless of the rank of holiness, the most important for P.V. Znamensky, firstly, is missionary activity. This interest was due to contemporary problems faced by P. V. Znamensky in the multinational Kazan region: in particular, with the controversy around the missionary and educational system of N. I. Ilminsky, which unfolded in the last third of the 19th - early 20th centuries.Secondly, as a professor who saw in the low level of education one of the problems of society in its various historical periods, he emphasized the book-enlightenment activities of the saints. Thirdly, saints who defended the integrity of the Russian state and the interests of the Russian Church acquire special significance on the pages of his work.
Emergence of “neokruzhnichesky” discord in old believers’ Belokrinitskaya hierarchy in 1862
Authors: Voloskova Marina
Published: May 2023

At present, the history of the emergence of the «neocircular discord» of the Belokrinitsky hierarchy is poorly studied. Even in the memory of the Old Believers themselves, information about the once former division of the Old Believers who accept the Belokrinitsky hierarchy into the so-called circle and neokruzhniki is scattered. There is very little system information about events that relate to the «neocircular discord». There are also few scientific studies devoted to the events related to the «District Message» of 1862, and the available ones are devoted to individual episodes and names. Insufficient knowledge of this topic leads to inaccuracies in studies devoted to spiritual and social thought of the late XIX-early XX century, leaves blank spots in the history of Old Believers, leads to historiographical errors in the interpretation of certain phenomena. The article examines the history of the emergence of the «neocircular discord» of the Belokrinitsky hierarchy in 1862. The publication of the «District Message» provoked discord in the Old Believer Church of the Belokrinitsky hierarchy. The search for compromises and further attempts at reconciliation in the late XIX – early XX century did not bring the proper result. In addition, the neocircular discord marked the beginning of a theological discussion on a number of issues in relation to the state and the dominant Church. In particular, the most discussed issue was the possibility of commemoration at the Liturgy of the tsar. In addition, the publication of the «District Epistle» influenced the transition to the co-faith of a number of clergy of the Belokrinitsa hierarchy, which in turn had serious consequences for historical science, since in the process of cooperation with the historian of the church, Doctor of theology I. N. Subbotin, Archdeacon Filaret gave him the archive of the Belokrinitsa metropolis, the materials of which were subsequently published.