bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Teoria dos custos de transação e abordagens evolucionistas: análise e perspectivas de um programa de pesquisa pluralista
Authors: PESSALI HUÁSCAR FIALHO , GARCÍA FERNÁNDEZ RAMÓN
Published: July 2021

RESUMO A Teoria dos Custos de Transação tem sido considerada a “nova ortodoxia” da teoria da firma, e também é a razão de ter sido amplamente criticada por diferentes escolas de pensamento econômico. No entanto, parece haver sinais de complementaridade entre o TCT e as abordagens evolutivas da empresa. Algumas supostas interfaces são discutidas aqui, a fim de sugerir novas direções para uma agenda de pesquisa sobre a teoria da empresa, dentro de uma estrutura pluralista.
Salário Mínimo, “Efeito-Farol” e Pobreza
Authors: NERI MARCELO , GONZAGA GUSTAVO , CAMARGO JOSÉ MARCIO
Published: July 2021

RESUMO Este artigo avalia a efetividade da política de salário mínimo em vários segmentos do mercado de trabalho brasileiro. Nossa técnica básica é quantificar as soluções de canto impostas pelo salário mínimo. Esses pontos são posteriormente utilizados como um mecanismo de focalização na simulação dos limites superiores dos efeitos do salário mínimo nas medidas de pobreza. Destacamos a importância de dois efeitos incomuns do salário mínimo: i) A alta porcentagem de funcionários informais que recebem exatamente um salário mínimo, isso aumenta os efeitos do mínimo sobre a pobreza; e ii) o uso do salário mínimo como numerário na determinação de salários, em particular no setor formal.
Tendência da Energia Estática Global
Authors: Chebly Samyr Barata , Cavalcanti Enilson Palmeira , Nóbrega Ranyére Silva , Correia Magaly de Fátima
Published: July 2021

Resumo Neste estudo objetivou-se analisar tendências da energia estática da atmosfera para o Globo, por meio das reanálises do National Centers for Envionmental Prediction/National Center for Atmospheric Research (NCEP/NCAR), portanto foram analisadas as tendências das energias estáticas seca, úmida e saturada para o Hemisfério Norte (H.N.), Hemisfério Sul (H.S.) e Globo, durante 1987-2016. Para o cálculo das energias e integração vertical foram utilizados dados mensais das variáveis da pressão em superfície, temperatura do ar, umidade específica e altura geopotencial das reanálises do NCEP/NCAR e apresentados em formas de tabela, gráfico e imagens, como teste de significância estatística de Mann Kendall e t de Student foram aplicados. Os resultados mostram que a variabilidade sazonal das energias estáticas para o H.N e H.S apresentam valores máximos (mínimos) na estação de verão (inverno). Tendências positivas são observadas nas séries da energia estática seca, úmida e saturadas, assim como os testes estatísticos indicam significância de 99% (α = 0,01) para as tendências. Nas espacializações das tendências no Globo, verifica-se expressiva cobertura de áreas com tendências médias de -0,5 a 4,5 x 102 (kJ/m2)/ano.
Testing for asymmetric adjustment in weekly Brazilian inflation
Authors: Marques André M.
Published: July 2021

Abstract This study analyses the nature of weekly inflation response to shocks in the Brazilian economy by adopting a generalized quantile autoregression model in which the autoregressive parameter is allowed to be quantile-dependent. We test for unit root at different conditional quantiles of the response variable, by characterizing its asymmetric dynamics along the business cycle. The method allows us to estimate the magnitude, sign, and the significance of actual shocks that affect Brazilian inflation. We evaluate the robustness of results by adopting a bootstrap procedure. Concerning previous studies, we find evidence of stronger asymmetric persistence in inflationary dynamics in which an inflationary shock below the average dissipates very fast when compared to an inflationary impulse occurring above the average. Location, size, and the sign of a random shock might be essential for inflation adjustment towards long-run equilibrium. The results do not support the full inertia hypothesis.
A reciprocidade e a instituição plural de mercados: um prisma para entender o papel histórico da Economia Social e Solidária
Authors: Gaiger Luiz Inácio Germany
Published: July 2021

Resumo Este artigo objetiva demonstrar que um dos papéis históricos da Economia Social e Solidária está vinculado à preservação de sistemas de vida e organizações socioeconômicas distintas da economia de mercado, ao se constituírem como sociedades de pessoas, lastreadas em relações sociais vinculantes. Os elementos empíricos em favor dessa tese provêm de estudos em diversas regiões e continentes, enquanto seus fundamentos teóricos assentam-se nas contribuições seminais de Karl Polanyi e Marcel Mauss, as quais nos permitem entender como uma pluralidade de princípios determina a atuação de empresas e estrutura os sistemas econômicos. Argumenta-se que a Economia Social e Solidária se contrapõe à primazia do princípio de intercâmbio, base da sociedade de mercado, ao acionar o princípio da reciprocidade, com o qual institui outros processos de produção e circulação de bens. Assim, dá origem a uma multiplicidade de mercados, desfazendo as aparências de um mercado único e a crença em sua inevitabilidade.
Pensando em sistemas abertos: aprendizados, eficiência adaptativa e incertezas em Douglass North
Authors: Queiroz-Stein Guilherme de
Published: July 2021

Resumo Neste artigo, é proposta uma reflexão a respeito da relação entre o campo de estudos institucionalista e o pluralismo em Ciências Econômicas, explorando algumas das contribuições de Douglass North. Para tanto, discute-se como as categorias de aprendizado e eficiência adaptativa são mobilizadas para dar conta das relações entre mudança institucional e econômica, incorporando a intencionalidade dos agentes. Ainda, são debatidos os desafios epistemológicos de assumir a incerteza ubíqua como pressuposto da análise econômica institucional. Considera-se que a principal contribuição deste trabalho é demonstrar de que forma o pensamento de Douglass North se aproxima da caracterização dos sistemas econômicos enquanto sistemas abertos, no sentido proposto por Sheila Dow em seu conceito de pluralismo estruturado.
Efeito da isquemia renal unilateral no rim contralateral avaliada pela expressão de Caspase 3
Authors: Bo Carolina Rodrigues Dal , Paula Vitória Penido de , Strazzi Anna Paula Weinhardt Baptista , Wolosker Nelson , Aloia Thiago Pinheiro Arrais , Mazzeo Angela , Kaufmann Oskar Grau
Published: July 2021

Resumo Contexto Estudos demonstraram, por análise histológica e Dopplerfluxométrica, a interferência da isquemia renal unilateral, realizada em algumas cirurgias, sobre o rim contralateral, identificando o fenômeno de kidney-kidney crosstalk. Objetivos Identificar o efeito da isquemia de duas estratégias de oclusão da vasculatura renal esquerda sobre o rim contralateral através do volume de células renais positivas para Caspase 3. Métodos Suínos foram divididos em 2 grupos: A (n = 8), artéria renal esquerda clampeada, e AV (n = 8), artéria e veia renais esquerdas clampeadas. Foi realizado o estudo imuno-histoquímico (anti-Caspase 3), com o material de biópsias coletadas do rim isquêmico e contralateral em 0, 30, 60 e 90 minutos de isquemia, e análise morfométrica, sendo que a média representou o volume de área de Caspase 3 positiva (%). Resultados A análise morfométrica do rim contralateral nos tempos 30, 60 e 90 minutos de isquemia mostrou que a média da área marcada por Caspase 3 foi estatisticamente superior à média do rim isquêmico nos dois grupos: artéria renal clampeada (A) e artéria e veia renais clampeadas (AV). Comparando o rim isquêmico e contralateral nos dois tipos de clampeamento, não houve diferença estatisticamente significante da área marcada por Caspase 3. Conclusões No modelo experimental de isquemia renal unilateral, o rim não isquêmico apresentou dano celular, demonstrado pela expressão da Caspase 3 de forma aguda em decorrência da isquemia contralateral. O tipo de clampeamento do hilo não parece ter influência sobre o volume de área marcada por Caspase 3.
Analysis of structural masonry buildings taking into account the construction sequence loads and soil-structure interaction
Authors: Lopes Anna Christinna Secundo , Nascimento Neto Joel Araújo do , Barros Rodrigo
Published: July 2021

abstract: The present study assesses conventionally used design standards, analyzing the effects caused by the construction loads, that is, a gradual increase in load and stiffness during construction, and soil-structure interaction (SSI), with soil represented by linear springs, in a structural masonry building over a support structure of reinforced concrete. The equivalent frame model, developed by Nascimento Neto, was used to simulate the support structure and the first masonry floor, and a specific three-dimensional frame model to simulate the other floors. Four analysis models were applied to assess stress distribution at the base of the walls, and the stresses and displacements of the support structure. The results show that introducing SSI and the construction loads causes relief or the possible need to reinforce elements designed in Ultimate Limit State (ULS) and Serviceability Limit State (SLS), as well as uniform settlement.
Which Factors Affect Short-Term Urinary Continence and Erectile Function Recovery Following Robotic-Assisted Radical Prostatectomies (RARP)?-A Retrospective Cohort Study
Authors: R Saghir , F Kum , N Saghir , C Bosco , M Van Hemelrijck , P Dasgupta , P Cathcart , C Brown , R Popert , K Wong , L Marconi , B Challacombe
Published: July 2021

Introduction: To evaluate peri-operative variables in men undergoing Robotic-Assisted Radical Prostatectomy (RARP) and their relationship with short-term outcomes at a tertiary referral centre. These variables can inform surgical planning and intra-operative management to improve patient outcomes.
Aplicabilidade do modelo matemático SAD-IPH na análise de processos de outorga: o caso da Bacia do Ribeirão Taquaruçu
Authors:   Universidade Federal do Tocantins, VERGARA FERNÁN , CHIESA VIVIANE , COSTA CECILIA , OLIVEIRA ROBERTA , DIAS RICARDO , MACIEL GIRLENE
Published: July 2021

In order to issue a water permit, which allows abstraction of water in a given place, the issuer needs to make sure, based on the hydrology of the region, that the amount of water available in the water body is sufficient to meet not only the demand associated with the required entitlement, but also all the existing demands from other users in the basin. This paper aims at evaluating the usefulness of the SAD-IPH mathematical model to simulate water demand scenarios in the Ribeirão Taquaruçu basin, located in the city of Palmas, state of Tocantins. Simulations provided by the SAD-IPH model indicate that the balance between water availability and demand is already critical in some parts of the basin, especially during the dry season, and the situation worsens over time. These results clearly suggest the local water utility needs to search for new water sources to meet the growing demand, mainly during the dry season. Results show the mathematical tool used in the analysis provides new and valuable information to decision makers (water resources institutions and river basin committees), potentially reducing the risk of making bad decisions. Additionally, as a water security measure, it is crucial to enforce the preservation of sensitive areas in the watershed because there is already an intense occupation in preserved areas next to water sources, a process that is likely to result in water yield reduction, which combined with an increase in the water demand over time, will compromise water security.
Turismo e desenvolvimento sustentável. Uma avaliação exploratória das práticas hoteleiras no concelho de Bragança, Portugal
Authors:   Universidade de Coimbra, SILVA SUSANA , FERREIRA LÍDIA
Published: July 2021

Sustainable tourism is one of the concerns of the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development, which, although not recent, is gaining more strength and space in the discourses and policies about tourism. Thus the principles of sustainability have been incorporated into the behavior and procedures of the agents involved in the activity in order to mitigate the negative effects. The hotel sector, an active part in this process, is increasingly demanding a conscientious attitude, as well as the adoption of measures and standards of conduct that seek to reduce its socio-environmental impacts. This work proposes to evaluate sustainability practices in the environmental, economic and social dimensions, as well as their degree of applicability, by the hotel sector in the municipality of Bragança, northeast of Trás-os-Montes, from the data collected through a questionnaire survey to managers of all tourist accommodation units. An exploratory and descriptive statistical analysis was performed using the SPSS statistical analysis program. The results revealed a moderate level of hotel sustainability, suggesting that the adoption of sustainable practices is still incipient and that much still remains to be done for the hotels in Bragança to contribute effectively to sustainable tourism. Although this work is restricted to a small territory it opens a window of opportunity to replicate this methodology, in other territories or even at national level, including a larger number of units as well as more specific and adapted indicators.
Enoturismo e Desenvolvimento Local: Reguengos de Monsaraz, Cidade Europeia do Vinho 2015
Authors:   Universidade de Évora, FAÍSCO ANA , SIMPLÍCIO DOMINGAS
Published: July 2021

Wine tourism, a tourism sector characterized by trips made with the motivation of visiting and getting to know wineries and wine regions, is considered as a marketing tool and a way to promote local development and has assumed greater importance for wine regions in recent years. The European Wine City (CEV), is an international wine tourism initiative, promoted by the Network of European Wine Cities (RECEVIN), which has already contemplated several wine regions, namely, Reguengos de Monsaraz, in 2015. This initiative caused several impacts, for wine producers, for the community and for the territory, that will be analysed in this article.
Numerical Methods of Suboptimal Programs Synthesis for Accelerometer Unit
Authors:   Bauman Moscow State Technical University, Moscow, Russia, Egorov Yu.G. , Kiryachenko G.Yu. ,   Central Research Institute of Automation and Hydraulics, Moscow, Russia, Popov E.A. ,   Central Research Institute of Automation and Hydraulics, Moscow, Russia
Published: July 2021

The paper presents the results of synthesis of calibration programs consisting of 9 and 18 measurement positions. The synthesis was performed by numerical methods for scalar (invariant) technique of accelerometer unit calibration. The resulting programs are compared to the existing calibration programs which have been obtained analytically. The results of mathematical simulation and field experiment confirm the theoretical calculations, as well as the effective application of the obtained calibration programs.
Studying the Сonsistency of Extended Kalman Filter in Pedestrian Navigation with Foot-Mounted SINS
Authors:   Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia, Bolotin Yu.V. , Bragin A.V. ,   Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia, Gulevskii D.V. ,   Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
Published: July 2021

The paper focuses on pedestrian navigation with foot-mounted strapdown inertial navigation systems (SINS). Zero velocity updates (ZUPT) during the stance phase are commonly applied in such systems to improve the accuracy. Zero velocity data are processed by the extended Kalman filter (EKF). Zero velocity condition is written in two forms: in reference and body frames. The first form traditional for pedestrian navigation is shown to provide an inconsistent EKF. The second form provides a correct ZUPT algorithm, which is naturally written in so-called dynamic errors. The analyzed algorithm for data fusion from two SINS is based on the bound on foot-to-foot distance. It is shown how EKF inconsistency can be manifested, and how it can be avoided by proceeding back to dynamic errors. The results are obtained analytically using observability theory and covariance analysis.
A Study on the Effect Produced by Instrumental Error of Automated Astronomical System on Landmark Azimuth Accuracy
Authors:   Concern CSRI Elektropribor, JSC, St. Petersburg, Russia, Tarasov S.M.
Published: July 2021

The paper analyzes how random and systematic components of instrumental error of an automated astronomical system affect the accuracy of the landmark astronomical azimuth. The obtained results can be applied to construct the error mathematical model and to define the mutual orientation of the body axes when designing the system.
INS/Odometer Integration: Positional Approach
Authors:   Lomonosov Moscow State University, Russia, Golovan A.A.
Published: July 2021

The problem of a strapdown inertial navigation system (SINS) integration with an odometer as part of an integrated navigation system is considered. The odometer raw measurement is considered as an increment of the distance traveled along the odometer ‘measuring’ axis. Models of the integration solution components for the case of threedimensional navigation are presented, among which are the models of inertial autonomous and kinematic odometer dead reckoning (DR), models of relevant error equations, the model of SINS position aiding based on the odometer DR data and using GNSS position and velocity, wherever possible. The models comprise objective components, which do not depend on the type of the inertial sensors used and their accuracy grade, and variable components, which take into account the properties of the navigation sensors used. The integration does not require zero velocity updates, known as ZUPT correction, which are commonly used in navigation application.
Chemiluminescence of coelenterazine catalyzed by cyclodextrins as a luminescence reference standard for luminometers v3
Authors: Koksharov Misha
Published: July 2021

Bioluminescence and chemiluminescence are widely used in sensitive detection methods in biomedical sciences and analytical chemistry. A limitation of this type of measurements is that luminometers and platereaders do not directly quantify absolute quantum output of the reaction but report "relative luminescence units" (RLU) which are specific for a given instrument and reaction vessel design. At the same time, there are no simple and convenient luminescence reference standards that would have been universally available, so results (RLU measurements) reported by different instruments and laboratories usually cannot be directly compared. I have found that cyclodextrins - which are often used to solubilize coelenterazine (CTZ) analogs and other compounds in water buffers - catalyze a weak chemiluminescence of CTZ (and its analogs). Chemiluminescence of 20 µM CTZ in the presence of 10 mM β-cyclodextrin or 10 mM trimethyl-β-cyclodextrin in the 50 mM Na-phosphate buffer (pH 7.40) can be used as a simple and convenient reference standard to define and compare RLU readings obtained by different instruments. This system is composed of only small molecules of a defined chemical composition which are not expensive and available in high purity from multiple suppliers making this system convenient for the general use as a luminescence reference standard.
Chemiluminescence of coelenterazine catalyzed by cyclodextrins as a luminescence reference standard for luminometers v2
Authors: Koksharov Misha
Published: July 2021

Bioluminescence and chemiluminescence are widely used in sensitive detection methods in biomedical sciences and analytical chemistry. A limitation of this type of measurements is that luminometers and platereaders do not directly quantify absolute quantum output of the reaction but report "relative luminescence units" (RLU) which are specific for a given instrument and reaction vessel design. At the same time, there are no simple and convenient luminescence reference standards that would have been universally available, so results (RLU measurements) reported by different instruments and laboratories usually cannot be directly compared. I have found that cyclodextrins - which are often used to solubilize coelenterazine (CTZ) analogs and other compounds in water buffers - catalyze a weak chemiluminescence of CTZ (and its analogs). Chemiluminescence of 20 µM CTZ in the presence of 10 mM β-cyclodextrin or 10 mM trimethyl-β-cyclodextrin in the 50 mM Na-phosphate buffer (pH 7.40) can be used as a simple and convenient reference standard to define and compare RLU readings obtained by different instruments. This system is composed of only small molecules of a defined chemical composition which are not expensive and available in high purity from multiple suppliers making this system convenient for the general use as a luminescence reference standard.
Toxins of Foodborne Pathogen Bacillus cereus and the Regulatory Factors Controlling the Biosynthesis of Its Toxins
Authors: Navaneethan Yugenraj , Mohd Esah Effarizah , Ismail Norli
Published: July 2021

Bacillus cereus is a versatile organism which causes two distinct types of food poisoning by producing toxins. Toxin formation in B. cereus is very much a complex process involving co-regulation of multiple genes exerting control at transcriptional, translational and post-translational level and such regulations too are often influenced by extrinsic factors. A comprehensive understanding of such factors is very crucial for holistic approaches and strategies in order to minimise food poisoning risk. Hence, this review will focus on the intrinsic and extrinsic factors controlling toxin biosynthesis in B. cereus.
Kesan Prarawatan dan Masa Hidrolisis Enzim untuk Penghasilan Oligoskarida daripada Serabut Mesokarpa Buah Kelapa Sawit
Authors: Mohd Nurul Hanisah , Othaman Rizafizah , Mohamed Mackeen Mukram , Yusof Maskat Mohamad
Published: July 2021

Dalam kajian ini, serabut mesokarpa buah kelapa sawit (SM) telah ditukar menjadi oligosakarida sebagai produk nilai tambah. Objektif kajian ini adalah untuk menentukan kesan prarawatan dan masa hidrolisis untuk penghasilan oligosakarida dengan menggunakan kompleks enzim komersial Celluclast (1.5 L). Prarawatan dengan larutan 5% (v/v) natrium hidroksida (NaOH) dan 5% (v/v) larutan asid asetik (CH3COOH) dilakukan sebelum hidrolisis enzim. Prarawatan menggunakan kepekatan 5, 10 dan 15% (v/v) larutan NaOH dijalankan dalam autoklaf pada 120 °C selama 30 min. Hidrolisis SM prarawatan telah dijalankan pada masa hidrolisis 0, 3, 6 dan 24 jam. Hasil hidrolisis enzim membuktikan bahawa prarawatan alkali SM dengan 5% NaOH menghasilkan jumlah gula penurun yang lebih tinggi berbanding dengan SM mentah dan SM prarawatan menggunakan 5% CH3COOH dengan masing-masing menghasilkan 351.94 mg/g berbanding 181.44 dan 183.15 mg/g jumlah gula penurun per jisim biojisim. Pertambahan jumlah gula penurun untuk prarawatan alkali disebabkan penyingkiran bahagian lignin dan hemiselulosa dalam SM. Peningkatan kepekatan NaOH menghasilkan peratus sakarifikasi yang lebih tinggi. Hidrolisis SM prarawatan selama 3 hingga 24 jam telah menghasilkan oligosakarida dengan bilangan unit glukosa 2, 3 dan 4. Tiada perbezaan unit glukosa diperhatikan apabila masa hidrolisis ditingkatkan daripada 3 hingga 24 jam. Kajian ini menunjukkan keupayaan penghasilan oligosakarida daripada SM dengan memanipulasi masa hidrolisis.
Development and Validation of a Sustainable Diet Index among Malaysian Adults: Protocol
Authors: Zulkefli Nur Fadzlina , Foong Ming Moy
Published: July 2021

Adopting a sustainable diet is an alternative to address the pandemics of obesity, undernutrition and climate change that are threatening human health. Sustainable diet considers the health aspect as well as the environmental impact of diets. There is a scarcity of research on sustainable diet and lack validated tools for its measurement. This article aimed to describe the protocol on the development and validation of a Sustainable Diet Index (SDI) among Malaysian adults. A Sustainable Diet Index (SDI) was developed based on previous studies and available dietary guidelines on sustainable diet. Five indicators (rice, animal-based food, plant-based food, food waste and packaging) were included in the SDI. The index will be validated among Malaysian adults using mobile food record as the dietary assessment tool. The index has the potential to measure the level of healthy and sustainable diet behaviour of an individual. The use of mobile food record provides images of each eating occasion for the evaluation of serving size and the information on waste management. Health and environmental impacts from the diet can be evaluated through the integration of all indicators in the SDI. The index developed is novel and expected to provide a feasible measurement to assess the level of sustainable diet of an individual.
Evolution of The Functions of Money in The Context of The Approaches of Various Schools of Economic Thought
Authors:   Southern Federal University, Shiriaev Igor M. , Zakharova Daria S. ,   Southern Federal University
Published: July 2021

The purpose of this paper is the identification of the functions of money and characteristic of their evolution through change of the used types of money. Research methods are a brief overview and comparative analysis of economic-theoretical approaches to the definition of the functions of money. A comparative analysis of the classifications of the functions of money, made by physiocracy, classical political economy, Marxist political economy, Austrian school of economic theory, German historical school of economics, neoclassical economic theory, Keynesianism, monetarism, institutionalism, modern monetary theory, is carried out. It is shown that various economic schools have different approaches to the definition of the functions of money. Some scientific schools separate money functions for basic and secondary, but other schools consider that all the functions are equally significant. It is concluded that modern changes in the types of money used lead to the fact that different functions of money (in particular, the functions of medium of exchange, measure of value, reserve of value, means of payment) are most effectively implemented by different types of money. Scientific novelty consists in the reconstruction and comparison of lists of functions of money identified by the most important schools of economic theory. The conclusions of the research can be used in scientific and pedagogical activities in the study of the essence and functions of money.
“Fértil Camposanto Llamado México”: Contemporary Poetry of U.S.-Mexico Border Deaths
Authors: Tracey Caroline
Published: July 2021

Death marks the U.S.-Mexico borderlands. This paper considers accounts of migrant death in contemporary poetry, examining the presence of migrants, necropower, and landscape in four works: Sara Uribe’s Antígona González (Oaxaca: Sur+editions, 2012), Eduardo C. Corral’s Slow Lightning (New Haven: Yale, 2012), Balam Rodrigo’s Libro Centroamericano de los Muertos (México: Fondo de Cultura Económica, 2018), and Forrest Gander’s Be With (New York: New Directions, 2018), drawing on recent theorizations of Achille Mbembé’s idea of necropolitics/necropower from both United States and Mexican scholars. I argue that examining the poetic and the theoretical texts in light of one another offers new conclusions for both. The affective similarities across the poetic texts help connect the theorizations of necropolitics, showing that while it appears that the agents of necropower—cartel members and Border Patrol agents—are very different, they can be understood as similar actors, dressed differently. Meanwhile, examining the poems in light of necropolitical theory reveals the extent to which distinct literary traditions of representing violence and nature influence the way in which border deaths are understood.
Cholo u hombre: Representation and Revolution in the Senderista Theater of Víctor Zavala Cataño
Authors: Spangler Ryan
Published: July 2021

The development of campesino theater by the Peruvian playwright Víctor Zavala Cataño played a pivotal role in underscoring the intellectual and economic divide separating the upper class and the agrarian workers of the high Andean plateau regions of Peru. His theater, which sought to empower the previously dehumanized indigenous laborers from the regions surrounding Ayacucho, simultaneously incorporated the oppressed workers into his theatrical milieu and indoctrinate them into the incipient revolutionary Maoist uprising known as Sendero Luminoso. This essay highlights Zavala Cataño’s implementation and adaptation of Antonio Gramsci’s theories of cultural hegemony and Bertolt Brecht’s dialectal study of socialism and capitalism in his theater. Furthermore, it emphasizes the author’s endeavors to expand the theatrical mise-en-scène to include all of Peru and prepare the Andean campesino for a future role in Sendero’s struggle to overthrow Peruvian democracy.
Survivorship Programs for the Cancer Survivor: Next steps for the Modern Cancer Patient
Authors: Glanzman Jonathan , Banson Kara , Roubil John , Shanmugham Lakshmi , Herrick Beth , Goff David , Aronowitz Jesse , Han Daniel , Ko Eric , Sioshansi Shirin , Cicchetti M. , Rava Paul , Sacher Allison , Ding Linda , Bradford Carla , Khalifeh Abdulnasser , Kuo I-Lin , Fan Yankhua , Yu Suhong , Bushe Harry , Saleeby Jonathan , Liu Fenghong , Bunaciu Camelia , Bishop-Jodoin Maryann , FitzGerald Thomas
Published: July 2021

Cancer remains a significant medical challenge for modern health care. Therapies have improved. Chemotherapy can now be applied and targeted to specific expression products and biomarkers. Radiation therapy is directed to specific targets with applied image guidance including less normal tissue in the treatment fields. Surgery has improved with robotics and improvements in rehabilitation and recovery. More patients are surviving their primary challenge from malignancy. As such, more patients now have the imprint of therapy upon their normal tissues. It is important for all practitioners, including primary care physicians and medical subspecialists, to participate in the aftercare of these patients with a comprehensive strategic manner to both prevent normal tissue injury and ameliorate injury if/when it occurs.
Radiation Oncology: Modern Review of Treatment Toxicity
Authors: O’Connor Kevin , Shen James , Elaimy Ameer , Ding Linda , Roubil John , Benson Kara , Trifone Julie , Britton Maureen , Bradford Carla , Kuo I-Lin , Fan Yankua , Liu Fenghong , Lu Suhong , Bushe Harry , Saleeby Jonathan , Khalifeh Abdulnasser , Bunaciu Camelia , Bishop Maryann , FitzGerald Thomas
Published: July 2021

Radiation therapy has undergone an extraordinary transformation in treatment technology. Daily patient care is vastly different today than the past with less normal tissue in the treatment field and fewer acute sequelae during and immediately post therapy. It is anticipated that modern therapy will decrease acute effects during treatment. Modern primary care physicians and internal medicine/emergency physicians will encounter more patients in their practice who are survivors of therapy. In this paper we review current expectations for clinical sequelae of management and strategies to both identify and manage treatment effects moving forward including what is needed in the medical record for evaluation of late effects.
Advanced Technology Radiation Therapy with Dose Painting: Opportunities for Outcome Improvement for Management of Lymphoma
Authors: Glanzman Jon , Bishop Maryann , Roubil John , Benson Kara , Wang Rebecca , Shanmugham Lakshmi , Goff David , Herrick Beth , Han Daniel , Ko Eric , Moni Janaki , Cicchetti M. , Sacher Allison , Sioshansi Shirin , Rava Paul , Ding Linda , Bradford Carla , Liu Fenghong , Abdulnasser Khalifeh , Bushe Harry , Ulin Ken , Fan Yankhua , Kuo I-Lin , Bunaciu Camelia , Brettler Doreen , Patel Shyam , Gillies-Smith Andrew , Gerber Jon , Lowas Stefanie , McIntosh Lacey , Bledsoe Jacob , FitzGerald Thomas
Published: July 2021

Radiation therapy remains important in the modern management of both Hodgkin and non-Hodgkin lymphoma. Radiation is applied as both consolidation therapy post chemotherapy and primary therapy for selected limited volume clinically favorable histology. Application of modern therapy techniques permits more sparing of normal tissue in all anatomical locations. Modern image guidance permits both security in daily patient treatment set up and permits strategic titration of the planning target volume to further spare normal tissue. Four-dimensional planning makes certain targets are fully treated in all phases of the breathing cycle. Dose painting with altered fractionation permits identification of low, intermediate, and high-risk areas of concern and treat each in a single plan with multiple fractionation schemes saving both time of treatment and cost of therapy. In this paper we present multiple examples of the application of modern therapy techniques in lymphoma management and demonstrate advantages of modern radiation in several anatomical regions.
Regarding the Relationships of Surgeons, Colleagues, and Patients Prologue
Authors: Hergott Lawrence
Published: July 2021

Thank you, friends of Surgery, and the European Society of Medicine, for asking me to write in the Advances of Surgery. I am a cardiologist in the United States, so you might wonder, as do I, why I have been invited to write an essay in Advances in Surgery. I am a medical writer, but mostly of essays and poems. I do have a recent book published, Departure From the Darkness and Cold: the Hope of Renewal for the Soul of Medicine in Patient Care - 50 essays and poems describing interactions between patients and clinicians manifesting the soul of medicine - some of which are in this manuscript.
Knowledge and practice regarding menstrual hygiene among urban adolescents- A cross-sectional study
Authors: Sajjan Saraswati V , Neeta P N  , Shingade Poonam P
Published: July 2021

Adolescence is the significant period in the life of a woman. Menstrual disturbances are the commonest presenting complaint in adolescent age group and unhygienic practices during menstruation can lead to untoward consequences like pelvic inflammatory disease and even infertility.

To study the knowledge and practice regarding menstrual hygiene among adolescents.

This is a cross-sectional study conducted from October 2018 to December 2018 among 100 adolescent girls who attended adolescent clinics at Urban Health Training centre of KBNU Medical College, Kalaburagi.

The mean age of participants was 16.2 ± 2.1 SD. only 26% of participants were aware about menstruation before menarche. Majority (91%) of participants had knowledge about use of sanitary pads during menstruation but only 78% used them. The most common reason for non usage was the cost of pads (68%). The method of disposal was satisfactory among 62% of participants and 84% of participants change their pads /cloth pieces 2-3 times per day. Restriction of diet during menstruation was seen in 40% and 30% missed school during their periods.

Although there was good knowledge regarding menstrual hygiene among adolescent girls, practice needs to improve. Health education sessions at urban health clinics and schools involving mothers of these adolescent girls can aid to overcome socio cultural practices of restricting movement and diet restrictions during menstruation.
‘Mouse’ loop – for frictionless mechanics
Authors: Kadam Vighanesh , Aphale Hrushikesh , Nagmode Sunil Kumar
Published: July 2021

Frictionless mechanics for extraction space closure is one of the commonly used method in orthodontic practice. The ‘Mouse” loop is a new design for efficient and low friction space closure.

The 'Mouse' loop has biomechanical advantages of increased range of activation and low load deflection rate. A case report is presented for the application of the loop. In the case report, a deciduous canine was extracted and its space was closed with the help of the 'Mouse' loop.

The space of the deciduous canine was closed within five months without any clinical disadvantage.
A Maternal Wall for Refugees? Gender and Labor Market Establishment in Sweden
Authors: Grönlund Anne , Nordlund Madelene
Published: July 2021

Using longitudinal register data, we examined gender patterns in the long-term labor market establishment of refugees (n ≈ 11,700) and Swedish-born individuals (n ≈ 109,000). The main question was whether refugee women face greater difficulties than men and if gender differences can be attributed to care responsibilities. With multinomial logistic regression, cox regressions, and individual fixed effects models, refugees were observed at age 29–30 in 1997, then followed to age 50. Results show that both among refugees and Swedish-born, establishment was a protracted and insecure process for women. Over time, women caught up with men but in terms of stable employment, gender gaps prevailed throughout the fertile period and parenthood was negatively related to long-term establishment prospects. Future research should move beyond the focus on labor market entry to capture the mechanisms behind long term insecurities. The timing of parenthood and the importance of adult education are of particular interest.
Prevalência de lesões em praticantes de Muay Thai
Authors: Rodrigues de Menezes José Nilson , Torres Daniel Da Ponte , Andrade Barbara De Paula , Lima Sales Saulo Vinícius , Damasceno de souza Cleidiane Gonzaga , Duarte Fernandes Paulo Henrique Palácio
Published: July 2021

RESUMO                                                     Objetivo: Esse estudo preconiza identificar as lesões mais frequentes em praticantes de Muay Thai. Métodos: O estudo se caracteriza como uma revisão integrativa de literatura. Foi realizada uma busca utilizando as bases de dados eletrônicas Medical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System Online (MEDLINE), PubMed, EBSCOhost, Portal de Periódicos CAPES e Google Acadêmico, nos idiomas português e inglês. Descritores utilizados foram Muay Thai e injury. A coleta resultou em 483 artigos, sendo selecionados oito artigos. Resultados: Foram encontrados oito artigos que se enquadraram nos critérios de inclusão. Apresentando três da língua portuguesa (37,5%) e cinco da língua inglesa (62,5%). Focalizando no tema principal abordado dos estudos, sete apresentam no seu conteúdo o Muay Thai e o risco de lesão. Apenas um abrange outras artes maciais, sendo também incluso, pois especifica bem as lesões mais acometidas. Conclusão: A partir da leitura dos oito artigos, os resultados obtidos desta revisão integrativa preconizam que a arte marcial Muay Thai tem altos índices de lesões, por ser um esporte de contato direto com o adversário e tem como local mais acometido os membros inferiores. Descritores: Muay Thai, Lesão, Esporte.
Conhecimento sobre a doença renal crônica do paciente em hemodiálise
Authors: Heringer Tiago Antonio , Santos Alaides De Abreu , Augusto Talia Hahn , Recktenwald Rafaela Da Rosa , Moreira Paulo Ricardo , Parisi Mariana Migliorini
Published: July 2021

Objetivo: Verificar o grau de conhecimento e a fonte de informações sobre a doença renal de pacientes com Insuficiência Renal Crônica em tratamento em uma clínica de hemodiálise.Materiais e Métodos: O conhecimento desses pacientes foi avaliado em um estudo exploratório e descritivo realizado por meio de um questionário aplicado a 58 pacientes, de ambos os sexos, em uma clínica renal no Noroeste do Rio Grande do Sul.Resultados: Demonstramos que a maioria dos pacientes busca informações sobre Insuficiência Renal Crônica na internet e que menos da metade busca estas informações com profissionais da saúde. Quando a busca é realizada com profissionais da saúde, predomina o enfermeiro. Os pacientes demonstraram pouco conhecimento relativo as medicações que usam, mas a maioria soube relatar os alimentos que deve evitar e a quantidade de água que pode beber.Conclusão: Evidenciamos que a maioria dos pacientes possui conhecimento de sua condição e tratamento, mas, mesmo assim, alguns ainda desobedecem as regras alimentares. Os profissionais da saúde não são a principal doente de informações para os pacientes, demonstrando fragilidades na relação profissional-paciente.
Epidemiologia dos traumas bucomaxilofaciais: análise de laudos periciais do Instituto Médico Legal de Salvador, Bahia, 2007 a 2013
Authors: Saliba Tânia Adas , Dias Isabella Andrade , Chiba Fernando Yamamoto , Garbin Artênio José Ísper , Garbin Cléa Adas Saliba
Published: July 2021

Objetivo: Realizar um levantamento das lesões corporais do complexo bucomaxilofacial registradas no Instituto Médico Legal de Salvador, Bahia, para estabelecer o perfil epidemiológico das ocorrências.Materiais e métodos: Análise documental de 3600 laudos emitidos entre 2007 e 2013. Avaliou-se as características sóciodemográficas do periciado, etiologia da ocorrência, região anatômica e tipo de tecido afetado, agente etiológico, dano e resultante.Resultados: Os traumas bucomaxilofaciais tiveram como principal etiologia as agressões (74,18%), envolvendo na maioria dos casos homens (56,06%), adultos jovens (80,72%), faiodermas (72,19%), acometendo a região dental (61%), por meio de agentes contundentes (92,72%), resultando em danos (86,57%) classificados como leves (51,60%). Houve associação significativa (p<0,05) entre a etiologia da ocorrência e as variáveis sexo, faixa etária, área residencial, região anatômica acometida, tipo de tecido afetado, agente etiológico, dano e resultante. Observou-se alta prevalência de ocorrências de violência doméstica contra mulheres, enquanto os acidentes de trânsito apresentaram uma tendência crescente de casos que resultaram em lesões graves.Conclusão: Agressões e acidentes de trânsito representam as principais causas de traumas e este conhecimento pode contribuir para o desenvolvimento de estratégias preventivas, além de conscientizar a sociedade sobre o problema, visando reduzir a violência, as mortes, os ferimentos e as incapacitações potencialmente evitáveis.
Buckling of Laminated Elliptical and Super-Elliptical Thin Plates
Authors: ALTUNSARAY Erkin , BAYER İsmail
Published: July 2021

In this computational study the buckling analysis of symmetrically laminated elliptical and super-elliptical thin plates was carried out. The plates were considered as clamped or simply supported at the boundary. The minimum buckling load was determined using the Rayleigh-Ritz method and the Galerkin Method based on the Classical Laminated Plate Theory (CLPT). The influence of the solution methods, shape functions, boundary conditions, super-elliptical power, lamination type, aspect ratio, and thickness on the critical buckling load were investigated using a parametric study. The verification of the isotropic case was performed comparing some results in the open literature, and reliable agreement was obtained. Convergence studies of the composite case with increasing terms (up to 10 terms) were achieved and sufficient accuracy was provided. During the preliminary design stage of composite structures, many design parameters such as panel sizes, panel thickness, stacking sequences, boundary conditions and loading conditions are taken into consideration. It is possible to evaluate these parameters quickly by using appropriate shape function with the Rayleigh-Ritz method.
INITIATIVES FOR THE IMPLEMENTATION OF REGIONAL CROWDFUNDING SYSTEMS IN THE FINANCIAL GROUP OF GERMAN SAVINGS AND VOLKS- RAIFFEISEN BANKS
Authors: Dziuba Dariusz T.
Published: July 2021

Purpose of the Study: The subject of consideration is crowdfunding as an innovative method of acquiring sponsors for the implementation of projects. The considerations were devoted to the initiatives of the Sparkassen-Finanzgruppe and the Volks-Raiffeisen banks in the implementation of regional crowdfunding systems in these banks. The aim of the research was to answer the following question: what are the sizes (in terms of value and quantity) of the analyzed market sub-segment and its specificity. Methodology: Crowdfunding platforms were identified at individual savings banks and VR banks. The data was searched on internet resources, supported by, inter alia, lists of such financial institutions. The final data was obtained directly from the websites of financial institutions, or they were aggregated. The research was carried out at the turn of May and June 2021, with data verification as of June 7, 2021.Main Findings: The article explores a specific market segment in Germany - savings banks and Volks-Raiffeisen banks that implement donation crowdfunding platforms. The scope of implementation of such systems was determined by identifying individual analyzed financial institutions. Methods of project co-financing by banks were highlighted. The value of accumulated financial resources (capital) and the scope of project implementation were measured, separating the size of the market sub-segment under study. The examined systems collectively obtained a relatively large amount, over EUR 86.3 million.

Applications of the Study: The presented article relates to the use of crowdfunding methods in selected financial institutions: German savings banks and VR banks. This implies considerations in several scientific fields, incl. economics and finance (the possibility of measuring the market segment; the specificity of banks' operation), IT (in economic applications), or sociology (relations between donors / sponsors and financial institutions).

Novelty / Originality of this Study: Scientific literature on the use of crowdfunding in financial institutions, in particular the measurement of the size of this market segment, is practically non-existent. Thus, getting to know the specifics and distinguishing in this article the size (in terms of value and quantity) of the crowdfunding sub-segment in German savings banks and VR banks, although partial, seems promising. This opens a pool of further studies in this area with the possibility of comparing them.
Pénzügyi tudatosság fejlesztése az öngondoskodási szemlélet erősítéséért
Authors: Németh-Lékó Adrienn
Published: July 2021

A pénzügyi tudatosság fejlesztése, az öngondoskodási szemlélet erősítése közös érdekünk és célkitűzésünk: a tudatos pénzügyi döntések hosszú távon hozzájárulnak a gazdaság és a verseny-képesség növekedéséhez, valamint a pénzügyi intézményrendszer, biztosítási szektor fejlődéséhez, stabilitásához is. A pénzügyi tudatosság fejlesztése időigényes folyamat, amelynek eredményei hosszú távon jelentkezhetnek. A végső cél, hogy a pénzügyi tudatosság a mindennapok részévé váljon, és az emberek megfontoltan döntsenek az előtakarékoskodásról, befektetésekről, biztosításokról. Jelen írás bemutatja a pénzügyi kultúra fejlesztése terén eddig megtett kormányzati lépéseket, és vázolja a jövőbeni prioritásokat.
Halandóság becslése az egészségállapot függvény segítségével
Authors: Hegel Patrik
Published: July 2021

Az utóbbi két évszázad folyamán a Föld lakosságának halandósága fokozatosan csökken, aminek eredményeként a várható élettartam körülbelül kétszeresére nőtt. Az emberek növekvő élethosszának köszönhetően bekövetkező gazdasági és szociális hatások vizsgálata több területen is kiemelkedő fontosságú. Például a nyugdíjrendszerrel, nyugdíjbiztosításokkal és életbiztosításokkal kapcsolatos számítások jelentős része halálozási arányszámokon alapul. Ezeknek az intézményeknek elengedhetetlen a hosszú élet kockázatát megfelelően felmérni és kezelni, hiszen a lakosság egyre nagyobb hányada él kiemelkedően magas, akár 110 év feletti korig. A cikkben egy olyan halandósági modellt mutatok be, amely képes egy lakosság halandóságának dinamikáját jól leírni és előre jelezni múltbeli adatok alapján. A publikáció alapjául az a BCE-ELTE közös Biztosítási és Pénzügyi Matematika mesterszakán írt szakdolgozatom és a Széchenyi István Egyetemen végzett EFOP-3.6.2-16-2017-00015 számú projektmunka szolgált. A szakdolgozat alapján a szerzőnek ítélte a MAT a Biztosításmatematika Ifjú Mestere díjat.