bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Scale-Up of Membrane-Based Zinc Recovery from Spent Pickling Acids of Hot-Dip Galvanizing
Authors: Arguillarena Andrea , Margallo María , Arruti-Fernández Axel , Pinedo Javier , Gómez Pedro , Urtiaga Ane
Published: December 2020

Zinc recovery from spent pickling acids (SPAs) can play an important role in achieving a circular economy in the galvanizing industry. This work evaluates the scale-up of membrane-based solvent extraction technology aimed at the selective separation of zinc from industrial SPAs as a purification step prior to zinc electrowinning (EW). The experiments were carried out at a pilot scale treating SPAs batches of 57 to 91 L in a non-dispersive solvent extraction (NDSX) configuration that simultaneously performed the extraction and backextraction steps. The pilot plant was equipped with four hollow fiber contactors and 80 m2 of total membrane area, which was approximately 30 times higher than previous bench-scale studies. Tributylphosphate diluted in Shellsol D70 and tap water were used as organic and stripping agents, respectively. Starting with SPAs with high Zn (71.7 ± 4.3 g·L−1) and Fe (82.9 ± 5.0 g·L−1) content, the NDSX process achieved a stripping phase with 55.7 g Zn·L−1 and only 3.2 g Fe·L−1. Other minor metals were not transferred, providing the purified zinc stripping with better quality for the next EW step. A series of five consecutive pilot-scale experiments showed the reproducibility of results, which is an indicator of the stability of the organic extractant and its adequate regeneration in the NDSX operation. Zinc mass transfer fluxes were successfully correlated to zinc concentration in the feed SPA phase, together with data extracted from previous laboratory-scale experiments, allowing us to obtain the design parameter that will enable the leap to the industrial scale. Therefore, the results herein presented demonstrate the NDSX technology in an industrially relevant environment equivalent to TRL 6, which is an essential progress to increase zinc metal resources in the galvanizing sector.
Understanding the Role of Pattern Geometry on Nanofiltration Threshold Flux
Authors: Malakian Anna , Zhou Zuo , Messick Lucas , Spitzer Tara N. , Ladner David A. , Husson Scott M.
Published: December 2020

Colloidal fouling can be mitigated by membrane surface patterning. This contribution identifies the effect of different pattern geometries on fouling behavior. Nanoscale line-and-groove patterns with different feature sizes were applied by thermal embossing on commercial nanofiltration membranes. Threshold flux values of as-received, pressed, and patterned membranes were determined using constant flux, cross-flow filtration experiments. A previously derived combined intermediate pore blocking and cake filtration model was applied to the experimental data to determine threshold flux values. The threshold fluxes of all patterned membranes were higher than the as-received and pressed membranes. The pattern fraction ratio (PFR), defined as the quotient of line width and groove width, was used to analyze the relationship between threshold flux and pattern geometry quantitatively. Experimental work combined with computational fluid dynamics simulations showed that increasing the PFR leads to higher threshold flux. As the PFR increases, the percentage of vortex-forming area within the pattern grooves increases, and vortex-induced shielding increases. This study suggests that the PFR should be higher than 1 to produce patterned membranes with maximal threshold flux values. Knowledge generated in this study can be applied to other feature types to design patterned membranes for improved control over colloidal fouling.
The Electric-Field-Driven Fusion Jetting 3D Printing for Fabricating High Resolution Polylactic Acid/Multi-Walled Carbon Nanotube Composite Micro-Scale Structures
Authors: Li Xiaoqiang , Zhang Guangming , Li Wenhai , Yu Zun , Yang Kun , Lan Hongbo
Published: December 2020

Existing 3D printing techniques are still facing the challenge of low resolution for fabricating polymer matrix composites, inhibiting the wide engineering applications for the biomedical engineering (biomimetic scaffolds), micro fuel cells, and micro-electronics. In order to achieve high resolution fabrication of polylactic acid (PLA)/multi-walled carbon nanotube (MWCNT) composites, this paper presents an electric-field-driven (EFD) fusion jetting 3D printing method by combining the mixing effect and material feeding of the micro-screw and the necking effect of Taylor cone by the EFD. The effects of main process parameters (the carbon loading, the voltage, the screw speed, and the printing speed) on the line width and the printing quality were studied and optimized. To demonstrate the printing capability of this proposed method, meshes with line width of 30 µm to 100 μm and 1 wt.% to 5 wt.% MWCNT for the application of conductive biomimetic scaffold and the anisotropic flexible meshes were prepared. The electrical properties were investigated to present the frequency dependence of the alternating current conductivity and the dielectric loss (tanδ), and the microstructures of printed structures demonstrated the uniformly dispersed MWCNT in PLA matrix. Therefore, it provides a new solution to fabricate micro-scale structures of composite materials, especially the 3D conductive biomimetic scaffolds.
Presence of Infection by Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis in the Blood of Patients with Crohn’s Disease and Control Subjects Shown by Multiple Laboratory Culture and Antibody Methods
Authors: Kuenstner J. Todd , Potula Raghava , Bull Tim J. , Grant Irene R. , Foddai Antonio , Naser Saleh A. , Bach Horacio , Zhang Peilin , Yu Daohai , Lu Xiaoning , Shafran Ira
Published: December 2020

Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis (MAP) has long been suspected to be involved in the etiology of Crohn’s disease (CD). An obligate intracellular pathogen, MAP persists and influences host macrophages. The primary goals of this study were to test new rapid culture methods for MAP in human subjects and to assess the degree of viable culturable MAP bacteremia in CD patients compared to controls. A secondary goal was to compare the efficacy of three culture methods plus a phage assay and four antibody assays performed in separate laboratories, to detect MAP from the parallel samples. Culture and serological MAP testing was performed blind on whole blood samples obtained from 201 subjects including 61 CD patients (two of the patients with CD had concurrent ulcerative colitis (UC)) and 140 non-CD controls (14 patients in this group had UC only). Viable MAP bacteremia was detected in a significant number of study subjects across all groups. This included Pozzato culture (124/201 or 62% of all subjects, 35/61 or 57% of CD patients), Phage assay (113/201 or 56% of all subjects, 28/61 or 46% of CD patients), TiKa culture (64/201 or 32% of all subjects, 22/61 or 36% of CD patients) and MGIT culture (36/201 or 18% of all subjects, 15/61 or 25% of CD patients). A link between MAP detection and CD was observed with MGIT culture and one of the antibody methods (Hsp65) confirming previous studies. Other detection methods showed no association between any of the groups tested. Nine subjects with a positive Phage assay (4/9) or MAP culture (5/9) were again positive with the Phage assay one year later. This study highlights viable MAP bacteremia is widespread in the study population including CD patients, those with other autoimmune conditions and asymptomatic healthy subjects.
Reducing the Negative Technogenic Impact of the Mining Enterprise on the Environment through Management of the Water Balance
Authors: Menshikova Elena , Fetisov Viacheslav , Karavaeva Tatyana , Blinov Sergey , Belkin Pavel , Vaganov Sergey
Published: December 2020

In terms of anthropogenic impact of mining and processing enterprises, the adjacent territories are contaminated by upstream tailings dams. The contamination is developed by active seepage of liquid waste through the body of the dams. The authors have analyzed water balance at the Kachkanar Mining and Processing Plant tailings dump (Russia, Ural Region). The company develops vanadium-containing titanium-magnetite iron ores with low ore (15%). This, along with high productivity, has determined the formation of a large number of tailings and significant amount of wastewater. The purpose of the studies is to substantiate the need to manage the seepage discharge process by means of enclosing dams to ensure environmentally safe operation of the tailings dump. The research objectives included field measurements of seepage volumes, their evaluation by computational methods and analysis of anthropogenic geochemical load on natural waters. The obtained results show an increase in seepage discharge volume from 41.91 million m3 (in 2017) to 81.44 million m3 (in 2026) as the height of the dams increases. These losses will lead to water shortages in the enterprise’s water recycling system. Calculation of pollutants in wastewater with the exception of natural component showed the leading role of technogenic factor in the content of Ti (up to 84%), V (up to 96%), Co (up to 86%) and Mo (up to 93%). Increasing the volume of seepage discharge will lead to an increase in natural water pollution within the area. Ecologically efficient management of the enterprise’s water balance is ensured by the use of tailings thickening technology and implementation of closed water supply systems.
Van der Waals Integrated Silicon/Graphene/AlGaN Based Vertical Heterostructured Hot Electron Light Emitting Diodes
Authors: Manjunath Nallappagari Krishnamurthy , Liu Chang , Lu Yanghua , Yu Xutao , Lin Shisheng
Published: December 2020

Silicon-based light emitting diodes (LED) are indispensable elements for the rapidly growing field of silicon compatible photonic integration platforms. In the present study, graphene has been utilized as an interfacial layer to realize a unique illumination mechanism for the silicon-based LEDs. We designed a Si/thick dielectric layer/graphene/AlGaN heterostructured LED via the van der Waals integration method. In forward bias, the Si/thick dielectric (HfO2-50 nm or SiO2-90 nm) heterostructure accumulates numerous hot electrons at the interface. At sufficient operational voltages, the hot electrons from the interface of the Si/dielectric can cross the thick dielectric barrier via the electron-impact ionization mechanism, which results in the emission of more electrons that can be injected into graphene. The injected hot electrons in graphene can ignite the multiplication exciton effect, and the created electrons can transfer into p-type AlGaN and recombine with holes resulting a broadband yellow-color electroluminescence (EL) with a center peak at 580 nm. In comparison, the n-Si/thick dielectric/p-AlGaN LED without graphene result in a negligible blue color EL at 430 nm in forward bias. This work demonstrates the key role of graphene as a hot electron active layer that enables the intense EL from silicon-based compound semiconductor LEDs. Such a simple LED structure may find applications in silicon compatible electronics and optoelectronics.
Photocatalytic Overall Water Splitting by SrTiO3 with Surface Oxygen Vacancies
Authors: Fan Yanfei , Liu Yan , Cui Hongyu , Wang Wen , Shang Qiaoyan , Shi Xifeng , Cui Guanwei , Tang Bo
Published: December 2020

Strontium Titanate has a typical perovskite structure with advantages of low cost and photochemical stability. However, the wide bandgap and rapid recombination of electrons and holes limited its application in photocatalysis. In this work, a SrTiO3 material with surface oxygen vacancies was synthesized via carbon reduction under a high temperature. It was successfully applied for photocatalytic overall water splitting to produce clean hydrogen energy under visible light irradiation without any sacrificial reagent for the first time. The photocatalytic overall water splitting ability of the as-prepared SrTiO3-C950 is attributed to the surface oxygen vacancies that can make suitable energy levels for visible light response, improving the separation and transfer efficiency of photogenerated carriers.
Robust Topographical Micro-Patterning of Nanofibrillar Collagen Gel by In Situ Photochemical Crosslinking-Assisted Collagen Embossing
Authors: Hong Hyeonjun , Kim Dong Sung
Published: December 2020

The topographical micro-patterning of nanofibrillar collagen gels is promising for the fabrication of biofunctional constructs mimicking topographical cell microenvironments of in vivo extracellular matrices. Nevertheless, obtaining structurally robust collagen micro-patterns through this technique is still a challenging issue. Here, we report a novel in situ photochemical crosslinking-assisted collagen embossing (IPC-CE) process as an integrative fabrication technique based on collagen compression-based embossing and UV–riboflavin crosslinking. The IPC-CE process using a micro-patterned polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) master mold enables the compaction of collagen nanofibrils into micro-cavities of the mold and the simultaneous occurrence of riboflavin-mediated photochemical reactions among the nanofibrils, resulting in a robust micro-patterned collagen construct. The micro-patterned collagen construct fabricated through the IPC-CE showed a remarkable mechanical resistivity against rehydration and manual handling, which could not be achieved through the conventional collagen compression-based embossing alone. Micro-patterns of various sizes (minimum feature size <10 μm) and shapes could be obtained by controlling the compressive pressure (115 kPa) and the UV dose (3.00 J/cm2) applied during the process. NIH 3T3 cell culture on the micro-patterned collagen construct finally demonstrated its practical applicability in biological applications, showing a notable effect of anisotropic topography on cells in comparison with the conventional construct.
Correction: Hill, A.; et al. Effects of Vitamin C on Organ Function in Cardiac Surgery Patients: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Nutrients 2019, 11, 2103
Authors: Hill Aileen , Clasen Kai , Wendt Sebastian , Majoros Ádám , Stoppe Christian , Adhikari Neill , Heyland Daren , Benstoem Carina
Published: December 2020

The authors thank the readers for pointing out the issues [...]
Prevalence, Intensity, and Correlates of Soil-Transmitted Helminth Infections among School Children after a Decade of Preventive Chemotherapy in Western Rwanda
Authors: Kabatende Joseph , Mugisha Michael , Ntirenganya Lazare , Barry Abbie , Ruberanziza Eugene , Mbonigaba Jean Bosco , Bergman Ulf , Bienvenu Emile , Aklillu Eleni
Published: December 2020

Preventive chemotherapy (PC) is a WHO-recommended core intervention measures to eliminate Soil-Transmitted Helminths (STH) as a public health problem by 2020, defined as a reduction in prevalence to <1% of moderate or high-intensity infection. We conducted a cross-sectional study to investigate the prevalence, intensity, and correlates of STH after a decade of PC in Rwanda. A total of 4998 school children (5–15 years old) from four districts along Lake Kivu in the western province were screened for STH using Kato-Katz. The overall prevalence of Soil-transmitted helminths among school children was 77.7% (range between districts = 54% to 92%). Trichirus trichiura was the most common STH (66.8%, range between districts = 23% to 88.2%), followed by Ascaris lumbricoides (49.9%, range between district = 28.5% to 63.3%) and hookworms (1.9%, range between districts = 0.6% to 2.9%). The prevalence of single, double and of triple parasite coinfection were 48.6%, 50.3%, and 1.1%, respectively. The overall prevalence of moderate or high-intensity infection for Trichirus trichiura and Ascaris lumbricoides was 7.1% and 13.9, respectively. Multivariate logistic regression model revealed that male sex, district, stunting, and schistosomiasis coinfection as significant predictors of STH infection. Despite a decade of PC implementation, STH remain a significant public health problem in Rwanda.
H-YOLO: A Single-Shot Ship Detection Approach Based on Region of Interest Preselected Network
Authors: Tang Gang , Liu Shibo , Fujino Iwao , Claramunt Christophe , Wang Yide , Men Shaoyang
Published: December 2020

Ship detection from high-resolution optical satellite images is still an important task that deserves optimal solutions. This paper introduces a novel high-resolution image network-based approach based on the preselection of a region of interest (RoI). This pre-selected network first identifies and extracts a region of interest from input images. In order to efficiently match ship candidates, the principle of our approach is to distinguish suspected areas from the images based on hue, saturation, value (HSV) differences between ships and the background. The whole approach is the basis of an experiment with a large ship dataset, consisting of Google Earth images and HRSC2016 datasets. The experiment shows that the H-YOLO network, which uses the same weight training from a set of remote sensing images, has a 19.01% higher recognition rate and a 16.19% higher accuracy than applying the you only look once (YOLO) network alone. After image preprocessing, the value of the intersection over union (IoU) is also greatly improved.
CSR, Co-Creation and Green Consumer Loyalty: Are Green Banking Initiatives Important? A Moderated Mediation Approach from an Emerging Economy
Authors: Sun Huidong , Rabbani Mustafa Raza , Ahmad Naveed , Sial Muhammad Safdar , Cheng Guping , Zia-Ud-Din Malik , Fu Qinghua
Published: December 2020

The homogenization of the banking segment has made it difficult for banking institutions to practice the quality of services that are needed in order to retain consumers. Thus, these days, finding ways to increase consumer loyalty—especially green loyalty—has become a challenge for the banking industry around the planet. Research has long acknowledged that corporate social responsibility (CSR) is a strategic concern that could help organizations to increase consumer loyalty. However, the impact of CSR practices on green consumer loyalty is rarely addressed in the extant literature. Hence, the present research investigated the impact of CSR on green consumer loyalty with the mediating effect of co-creation in the banking industry of Pakistan. The study also introduced green banking initiatives as a moderator between the mediated relation of CSR and green consumer loyalty, with the intention that such a moderator would strengthen this indirect relationship. The structural equation modeling technique was used for the data analysis. The results confirm that CSR enhances consumer loyalty, and that co-creation partially mediates this relationship. Furthermore, green banking initiatives further strengthen this relation. The results of the current survey could help banking institutions learn how they can develop core strategic considerations based on the integration of CSR co-creation and green banking initiatives.
ICONet: A Lightweight Network with Greater Environmental Adaptivity
Authors: He Wei , Huang Yanmei , Fu Zanhao , Lin Yingcheng
Published: December 2020

With the increasing popularity of artificial intelligence, deep learning has been applied to various fields, especially in computer vision. Since artificial intelligence is migrating from cloud to edge, deep learning nowadays should be edge-oriented and adaptive to complex environments. Aiming at these goals, this paper proposes an ICONet (illumination condition optimized network). Based on OTSU segmentation algorithm and fuzzy c-means clustering algorithm, the illumination condition classification subnet increases the environmental adaptivity of our network. The reduced time complexity and optimized size of our convolutional neural network (CNN) model enables the implementation of ICONet on edge devices. In the field of fatigue driving, we test the performance of ICONet on YawDD and self-collected datasets. Our network achieves a general accuracy of 98.56% and our models are about 590 kilobytes. Compared to other proposed networks, the ICONet shows significant success and superiority. Applying ICONet to fatigue driving detection is helpful to solve the symmetry of the needs of edge-oriented detection under complex illumination condition environments and the scarcity of related approaches.
Live Attenuated African Swine Fever Viruses as Ideal Tools to Dissect the Mechanisms Involved in Cross-Protection
Authors: Lopez Elisabeth , van Heerden Juanita , Bosch-Camós Laia , Accensi Francesc , Navas Maria Jesus , López-Monteagudo Paula , Argilaguet Jordi , Gallardo Carmina , Pina-Pedrero Sonia , Salas Maria Luisa , Salt Jeremy , Rodriguez Fernando
Published: December 2020

African swine fever (ASF) has become the major threat for the global swine industry. Furthermore, the epidemiological situation of African swine fever virus (ASFV) in some endemic regions of Sub-Saharan Africa is worse than ever, with multiple virus strains and genotypes currently circulating in a given area. Despite the recent advances on ASF vaccine development, there are no commercial vaccines yet, and most of the promising vaccine prototypes available today have been specifically designed to fight the genotype II strains currently circulating in Europe, Asia, and Oceania. Previous results from our laboratory have demonstrated the ability of BA71∆CD2, a recombinant LAV lacking CD2v, to confer protection against homologous (BA71) and heterologous genotype I (E75) and genotype II (Georgia2007/01) ASFV strains, both belonging to same clade (clade C). Here, we extend these results using BA71∆CD2 as a tool trying to understand ASFV cross-protection, using phylogenetically distant ASFV strains. We first observed that five out of six (83.3%) of the pigs immunized once with 106 PFU of BA71∆CD2 survived the tick-bite challenge using Ornithodoros sp. soft ticks naturally infected with RSA/11/2017 strain (genotype XIX, clade D). Second, only two out of six (33.3%) survived the challenge with Ken06.Bus (genotype IX, clade A), which is phylogenetically more distant to BA71∆CD2 than the RSA/11/2017 strain. On the other hand, homologous prime-boosting with BA71∆CD2 only improved the survival rate to 50% after Ken06.Bus challenge, all suffering mild ASF-compatible clinical signs, while 100% of the pigs immunized with BA71∆CD2 and boosted with the parental BA71 virulent strain survived the lethal challenge with Ken06.Bus, without almost no clinical signs of the disease. Our results confirm that cross-protection is a multifactorial phenomenon that not only depends on sequence similarity. We believe that understanding this complex phenomenon will be useful for designing future vaccines for ASF-endemic areas.
Domestic abuse among female doctors: thematic analysis of qualitative interviews in the UK
Authors: Donovan Emily , Santer Miriam , Morgan Sara , Daker-White Gavin , Willcox Merlin
Published: December 2020

Background

Doctors can be victim-survivors of domestic abuse (DA), but how this impacts their work and wellbeing, and whether they face barriers to seeking help is not well understood.

Aim

To understand single doctor mothers’ lived experience of DA, barriers to seeking help, and impact on their work.

Design and setting

Individual qualitative interviews with female doctors in the UK who had left an abusive relationship. Interviews were conducted between August 2019 and March 2020.

Method

Participants were invited via a closed online forum for female doctors who are single parents. In total, 114 females expressed interest. In-depth semi-structured telephone interviews were audiorecorded and transcribed. Transcripts were uploaded to NVivo and analysed using inductive thematic analysis.

Results

A total of 21 participants were interviewed. The internalised stigma of DA affected participants’ sense of identity and belonging as a doctor, causing social and professional isolation. Many participants felt that the acute stress of DA had an impact on their work, yet often felt unable to take time off. Barriers to seeking help included lack of confidentiality, especially where the abusive partner was also a doctor (sometimes accusing the victim-survivor of mental illness or threatening to report them to the General Medical Council). Participants found peer support helpful, as well as consulting health professionals who were empathic towards them. After they had left the abusive relationship victim-survivors felt better equipped to support patients going through DA.

Conclusion

Domestic abuse impacts on the work and wellbeing of female doctors, who face unique barriers to help seeking and reporting DA. An online peer support group can help to break the sense of isolation, but specialised confidential support services are also required to help doctors experiencing DA.
A contemplação da natureza e o sumo bem segundo Sêneca: tradução comentada do prefácio do livro I das Naturales Quaestiones
Authors: Gonçalves Willamy Fernandes
Published: December 2020

A despeito da ideia amplamente difundida de que os estoicos romanos teriam deixado de lado física e lógica e se dedicado em caráter praticamente exclusivo ao terceiro elemento da tríade estoica, a ética, conhecemos diversos títulos de Sêneca relacionados ao estudo da natureza, a física. Esses estudos abarcam temas ligados a diversas áreas de estudos, como biologia, geologia e cosmologia. Também permeiam toda a vida do filósofo, desde a sua juventude até sua velhice. Por fim, as Naturales Quaestiones são o tratado mais longo de Sêneca e sua obra mais longa, se excetuarmos a coletânea de cartas a Lucílio. No prefácio que ora traduzimos, Sêneca expõe sua visão acerca da importância do estudo da natureza e, longe de considerá-lo secundário, argumenta que se trata do sumo bem da vida humana, sem o qual mesmo uma vida perfeitamente ética deixa de ter valor.
Estrategias para fortalecer la ocupación hotelera: estudio de caso en una Cadena de la Ciudad de Medellín
Authors: Marulanda-Valencia Flor Ángela , Restrepo-Montes Jonathan Alexis
Published: December 2020

Los hoteles de Medellín han atravesado dificultades relacionadas con la competencia legal e ilegal, lo que ha impactado de forma negativa sus ventas y rentabilidad. El objetivo de este estudio fue generar estrategias que permitan al sector formal de hospedaje fortalecer la competitividad y por tanto incrementar sus niveles de ocupación. Para ello, se realizó el diagnóstico de una cadena hotelera en Medellín, a partir de fuentes primarias como entrevista con funcionarios de la misma organización y revisión de opiniones de los clientes. Con base en el diagnóstico, se diseñaron algunas estrategias que fueron validadas, utilizando la herramienta de prospectiva estratégica Color Insight. Se destaca el aporte del estudio, en relación con la valoración de los lineamientos de acción propuestos, la cual fue realizada por personas expertas en el sector, con la participación de empleados del área de mercadeo de la cadena, académicos de tres universidades y funcionarios de la Subsecretaría de Turismo y Cotelco. Las estrategias con mayor valoración fueron las relacionadas con la gestión humana, el fortalecimiento de la internacionalización y los procesos internos de la empresa.
Análisis de contenido de una experiencia formativa a través de aula invertida
Authors: Islas Torres Claudia , Carranza Alcántar María del Rocío
Published: December 2020

Partiendo de la premisa de invertir momentos y roles de la enseñanza tradicional para la innovación del proceso enseñanza-aprendizaje, se implementó flipped clasroom en una asignatura de posgrado. El objetivo fue analizar la experiencia de maestrantes, respecto a la implementación del aula invertida. La investigación de enfoque cualitativo utilizó la técnica de análisis de contenido, basándose en la argumentación escrita de 13 estudiantes que presentaron un ensayo sobre su experiencia de formación al finalizar el semestre; además, se consideró el registro de observación del docente responsable de la materia. Los principales hallazgos revelaron la inicial necesidad de adaptación al modelo, para luego hacerlo parte de la dinámica de su proceso formativo, siendo una opción que flexibilizó el ambiente en el que se desarrolló la clase. Fue un modelo aceptado por los maestrantes, aun con ciertas reservas, y además de identificar la necesidad de adaptación al mismo, los resultados llevan a inferir que la literatura no es contundente respecto al impacto de este, en términos de ajuste y aceptación de sus implicaciones para la enseñanza y aprendizaje, por lo que es necesario utilizar diferentes enfoques metodológicos para obtener datos empíricos que muestren testimonios válidos y hablen del modelo.
Mejoramiento de las prácticas de enseñanza en directivos y profesores de contextos rurales
Authors: Cifuentes Garzón José Eduardo , Cárdenas Castiblanco Helber Isaac
Published: December 2020

Este artículo tiene como objetivo reportar cómo incide el mejoramiento de las prácticas de enseñanza del rector en la percepción de las propias prácticas por parte de profesores de primaria del contexto rural, en una institución educativa pública de Cundinamarca-Colombia. Se optó por el enfoque cualitativo con el diseño de la investigación acción educativa; este tipo de investigación comprende las fases de deconstrucción, reconstrucción y validez de las prácticas transformadas. En la fase de deconstrucción se realizó la autoevaluación con la utilización de rejillas que permitieron la revisión de las prácticas de enseñanza desde sus acciones constitutivas. En la fase de reconstrucción, se desarrollaron Lesson Study y diarios de campo; y en la fase de validación de la efectividad de las nuevas prácticas se utilizó la rutina de pensamiento, antes pensaba ahora pienso, y rejillas que permitieron hacer el contraste entre el estado inicial y el final de las prácticas de enseñanza. Se logró evidenciar cómo las transformaciones de las prácticas educativas del rector agencian transformaciones en las percepciones sobre las prácticas de los profesores. Se concluye que las transformaciones de dichas prácticas se deben a la interacción con saberes pedagógicos, metodológicos y praxeológicos del directivo y los docentes participantes.
Auto-ocultación del acoso escolar si se es víctima, agresor o testigo, y su vinculación con el bienestar subjetivo
Authors: García Andrés , Fernández Itziar
Published: December 2020

El bullying es un comportamiento muy frecuente y ocurre sin ninguna provocación aparente por parte de quien lo sufre. Con el objeto de analizar cómo influye la auto-ocultación sobre el bienestar subjetivo, cuando se está implicado en situaciones de acoso escolar, se realizó una investigación con una muestra de 299 estudiantes, en centros de Lanzarote (Canarias, España), a través de un diseño correlacional donde cada alumno se auto-identifica como víctima, agresor o testigo. Los participantes tenían una media de 11.81 años (DT=.87), y el 50,2 % eran hombres. Los resultados descriptivos mostraron diferencias significativas respecto a las víctimas, consistentes en menor bienestar subjetivo y mayor auto-ocultación. La auto-ocultación del bullying, frecuencia de acoso escolar y edad, explicaron el 29,1 % de la varianza del bienestar subjetivo de los alumnos. El análisis de mediación moderada constató que a más frecuencia de acoso escolar se produce una mayor auto-ocultación, y que, a su vez, esta mayor auto-ocultación se asoció negativamente al bienestar subjetivo, tanto para las víctimas como para los agresores. En conclusión, los resultados de este trabajo confirman que una elevada auto-ocultación, cuando sucede el acoso, es perjudicial para el bienestar subjetivo.
Dependency of high-speed write properties on external magnetic field in spin–orbit torque in-plane magnetoresistance devices
Authors: Shiokawa Yohei , Komura Eiji , Ishitani Yugo , Tsumita Atsushi , Suda Keita , Hamanaka Kosuke , Taniguchi Tomohiro , Sasaki Tomoyuki
Published: December 2020

Spin–orbit torque (SOT) magnetoresistance (MR) devices have attracted attention for use in next-generation MR devices. The SOT devices are known to exhibit different write properties based on the relative angle between the magnetization direction of the free layer and the write-current direction. However, few studies that compare the write properties of each type have been reported. In this study, we measured the external perpendicular-magnetic field dependence of the threshold write current density and the write current switching probability using two types of in-plane magnetization SOT-MR devices.
HISTOMORPHOLOGICAL SPECTRUM OF LESIONS OF HYSTERECTOMY SPECIMENS IN GCS MEDICAL COLLEGE, HOSPITALAND RESEARCH CENTER, AHMEDABAD : A STUDY OF 100 CASES
Authors: Shah Shweta , Suri S.K. , Shah Ami
Published: December 2020

Background: Most frequently performed gynaecological surgery is hysterectomy. The prevalence of hysterectomy varies within different regions. There are mainly two types of hysterectomies according to which part of uterus is removed. The main types of hysterectomy are total and subtotal or partial hysterectomy. The hysterectomy can be performed by three routes abdominal, laproscopic and vaginal hysterectomy. The main objective of our study is to know most common pathology and different age groups of the patients underwent hysterectomy.
Materials and Methods: In this retrospective study was carried during period 6 months, at GCS medical college, hospital and research centre, Ahmedabad. Total 100 hysterectomy specimens were analyzed for histopathological lesions. We had taken the clinical and histopathological findings of these cases from the records of department of pathology, GCS medical college , hospital and research centre.
Results: In our study of 100 cases, most common age group underwent hysterectomy was 40-49 years and least common age group was 20-29 years. Type of hysterectomy performed most commonly in this study was total abdominal hysterectomy with bilateral salpingoophorectomy. Most of lesions were seen in the myometrium 42 cases (42%), Endometrium 32 cases (32%), Cervix 16 cases (16%) and Ovary 10 cases (10%). Hysterectomy remains the widely used treatment modality.
COMPARE THE EFFECT OF BODY WEIGHT SUPPORTED TREADMILL TRAINING WITH OVERGROUND GAIT TRAINING ON BALANCE IN SPASTIC CEREBRAL PALSY
Authors: Khan Abid , Imran Farooqui Sumaira , Aamir Khan Amna
Published: December 2020

OBJECTIVE
Compare the effect of body weight supported treadmill training
with over ground gait training on balance in spastic cerebral
palsy.
STUDY DESIGN
Randomized Control Trail
STUDY SETTINGS & PARTICIPANTS
This study was conducted in a Rehabilitation Centre. Twenty eight
participants were recruited, fifteen in experimental group and
thirteen in control group. All participants were spastic and classified
I, II & III at GMCFS.
INTERVENTIONS
Treatment was given for three days in a week for consecutive
period of six weeks which includes BWSTT and overground gait
training
OUTCOME MEASURES
The outcome was measured by using Berg Balance Scale, Brunel
Balance Scale, TUG, and TST and Timed 360 Turn.
RESULTS
Both the techniques shown positive results but BWSTT had shown
better result with the mean improvement in Berg Balance Scale
(29±7.91 from 25.6±7.46), TUG (22.2±4.2sec from 19.4±4.1sec),
Brunel Balance Scale (7.4±2.34 from 6.27±2.52),TST (5.73±1.6 from
4.07±1.58) & Timed 360 Turn (9.4±2.02 sec to 7.87±2.23 sec) with
comparison to control group which had a mean improvement in
Berg Balance Scale (28.08±7.11 from 26.38±7.14), TUG
(21.46±4.0sec from 19.54±3.79), Brunel Balance Scale (7.31±2.32
from 6.54±2.60), TST(5.46±1.56 from 4.31±1.54) & Timed 360 Turn
(9.23±1.69sec to 7.85±1.67secs).
ERB’S PALSY: DO SOMETHING TODAY THAT YOUR FUTURE COULD THANK YOU FOR…
Authors: Iqbal Farah
Published: December 2020

It has been observed that in developing countries, there is small number of hospitals, who understand the child’s problems and implement proper rehabilitation. Unluckily, they only focus on inpatients care. In addition, Communal- based, observational studies in developing countries provide an estimated prevalence of
juvenile disabilities ranging from 0.4-12.7% 1.
Similarly,the leading cause of increasing number of Erb’s palsy is due to birth defects and lack of awareness of physical therapy. Which in turn highlight the neglected aspect of this disability. Erb’s palsy may occur due to breech delivery, prolong labor leading to injury at the time of birth in case it is not handled with care.
Moreover, forceful pulling of head and neck of infant when passes through birth canal, fetal macrosomia2, stretching or pressure on shoulder of infant that may lead to major and complex brachial plexus injuries.These commonly involves upper cervical trunk (C5-C6) that requires special care and handling.
Habermas, Rorty, and the Problem of Competent Interlocutors
Authors: Cormick Claudio
Published: December 2020

In texts such as “Richard Rorty’s Pragmatic Turn” Jürgen Habermas defends a theory that associates, on the one hand, the truth-claim raised by a speaker for a proposition p with, on the other hand, the requirement that p be “defendable on the basis of good reasons […] at any time and against anybody”. This, as is known, has been the target of criticisms by Rorty, who−in spite of agreeing with Habermas on the central tenet that the way of evaluating our beliefs must be argumentative practice−declares that the only “ideal presupposed by discourse” is “that of being able to justify your beliefs to a competent audience”. We will consider two texts from 1971, -surprisingly neglected in most approaches to the debate-, in which Habermas did include such a “competence condition” to elucidate the notion of truth. We will discuss whether there are good reasons to relinquish such a condition and to refer, instead, only to the formal or procedural properties of argumentative exchanges, as Habermas does in presenting the notion of “ideal speech situation”. As we will try to argue, there are no such good reasons.
Code Status Communication Training in Postgraduate Oncology Programs: A Needs Assessment
Authors: Levine O. H. , Dhesy-Thind S. K. , McConnell M. M. , Brouwers M. C. , Mukherjee S. D.
Published: December 2020

Background: Discussions with patients with cancer about cardiopulmonary resuscitation directives (code status) are often led by residents. This study was carried out in Canada to identify current educational practices and gaps in training for this communication skill. Methods: Canadian medical and radiation oncology residents and program directors (pds) were surveyed about teaching practices, satisfaction with current education, and barriers to teaching code status discussion skills. Relative frequencies of categorical and ordinal responses were calculated. Results: Between November 2016 and February 2017, 95 (58.6%) of 162 residents and 17 (63%) of 27 pds completed surveys. Only 54.1% and 48.3% of medical and radiation oncology residents, respectively, had received any code status communication training before entering an oncology program. While 41% of residents expected to receive formal teaching on this topic during residency, 47.1% of pds endorsed inclusion of this topic in curricula. Only 20% of residents reported receiving formal evaluation of this skill while 41.2% of pds indicated that evaluations are provided. The importance of this communication skill in oncology was strongly supported. Among residents, 88% desired more training, and 82.3% of pds identified the need for new educational resources. Lack of time, resources, and evaluation tools were among the most commonly identified barriers to teaching. Conclusions: Oncology residency pds and trainees feel that code status communication is important, but teaching and evaluation of this skill are limited. Barriers to teaching and skill-building have been identified. Further work is underway to develop novel educational resources for code status communication training.
K počiatkom Archívu Slovenského národného múzea. Príspevok k životu a dielu Márie Jeršovej Opočenskej
Authors: Machajdíková Elena
Published: December 2020

The cultural heritage of the nation is protected by memory institutions, which consist, largely, of museums. One of the largest cultural institutions in Slovakia is the Slovak National Museum. Its archive has become a permanent source of information both on the institutional development of this longest continuously operating national cultural institution and the development of museum management in Slovakia. The article provides a brief overview of accessible archival sources on the history of the Slovak National Museum and, moreover, recalls the merits of some important personalities from the Czech Republic working in the field of preservation for Slovakia’s cultural heritage.
RESOCIALIZATION OF CONVICTS AS A PENAL POLICY TASK OF RUSSIA: THE ISSUE OF TERMINOLOGY
Authors: Хафизова А.М.
Published: December 2020

Введение: статья посвящена актуальной проблеме трактовки понятия «ресоциализация осужденных» в силу отсутствия единого подхода к сущности данного явления. На основании исследования доктринальных источников предложены инициативы по разграничению понятий «ресоциализация» и «социальная адаптация» и по корректировке самого понятия «ресоциализация» применительно к осужденным.
Материалы и методы: эмпирическая основа представлена нормами уголовного, уголовно-испоkнительного и криминологического законодательства. Проведенное исследование основано на общенаучных методах познания, а также специальных методах: сравнительно-правовом, логико-юридическом, системно-структурном. Материалами исследования послужили доктринальные и законодательные источники, затрагивающие вопросы терминологии понятия ресоциализации осужденных.
Результаты исследования: анализ имеющейся информации в рассматриваемой области свидетельствует о том, что ресоциализация представляет собой крайне широкое, неоднозначное понятие, требующее комплексного совершенствования.
Обсуждение и заключения: автором на основе действующего законодательства и анализа авторитетных мнений отечественных исследователей, рассматриваемой проблематики предложены рекомендации по внедрению качественно новой трактовки понятия «ресоциализация» и внесены предложения в соответствующие законодательные акты.
L’organisation des activités physiques et sportives à l’Association des Paralysés de France : entre offre d’activités et autodétermination
Authors: Gazza Clément
Published: December 2020

En 2014, la direction nationale de l’Association des Paralysés de France a marqué son intention de développer l’accès aux activités physiques et sportives (APS) pour les personnes dites handicapées. Dans cette association visant l’« autodétermination » (Wehmeyer & Sands, 1996) , cet objectif apparaît paradoxal dans la mesure où il n’a pas été revendiqué en tant que tel par les adhérents et usagers. Cet article vise alors à éclairer les tensions entre une volonté de développer une offre d’activités d’une part et l’intention de respecter l’autodétermination des personnes dites handicapées d’autre part. À partir d’une observation participante réalisée sur trois années, nous montrons que si les salariés et bénévoles s’efforcent d’introduire un degré d’autodétermination dans le développement des APS, ils se trouvent rapidement confrontés à des limites les conduisant à contrôler, parfois malgré eux, l’organisation de ces activités. Nous interprétons ces tensions comme une impossibilité, pour les acteurs associatifs (dirigeants, accompagnants salariés et bénévoles), d’assurer l’autodétermination des personnes dites handicapées lorsqu’elle n’est pas posée dès le départ comme démarche incontournable dans le développement des APS.
La guerra en los textos normativos de las órdenes militares de Calatrava y Santiago
Authors: Palacios Ontalva J. Santiago
Published: December 2020

La literatura reglar generada por las órdenes militares de Calatrava y Santiago contiene información relevante para estudiar muchos aspectos de su organización, entre ellos algunos que nos explican su vínculo fundamental con la guerra. Este trabajo busca realizar un estudio comparativo de ese corpus textual formado por reglas, estatutos, definiciones, actas capitulares y establecimientos de las dos principales órdenes hispanas, para conocer mejor el carisma bélico que estas instituciones tuvieron. Por otro lado, se podrán trazar paralelos o divergencias entre una y otra, además de ayudarnos a medir la importancia que la actividad bélica tuvo para ellas.
A Study on the Impact of Anxiety on the Perception of Communication Engineering Teachers about Self-Efficacy
Authors: Lai WenYa , Wang XinHai , Zheng ShiYong , Huang JinDe , Safdar Sial Muhammad , Comite Ubaldo
Published: December 2020

The anxiety felt by teachers stems from the stress caused by teaching, life and learning. It affects not only their teaching performance, but also their teaching efficiency. Therefore, an in-depth study on how the anxiety felt by teachers affects teaching efficacy helps researchers better understand the underlying mechanism of teaching efficacy and enables teachers to improve themselves over the course of teaching. By adopting both quantitative and qualitative research methods, this study takes the communication engineer-ing teachers participating in the communication engineering professional meeting as the research object, to analyze the relationship between the anxi-ety felt by teachers and their teaching efficiency, and to explore the influ-encing factors in the self-effect of communication engineering teachers. Ac-cording to the results of empirical analysis, teaching experience has a posi-tive effect on the perception towards self-efficacy, while life and work ex-periences have a negative effect on the perception towards self-efficacy. Fi-nally, some suggestions are made in light of the empirical conclusions.
Les prescrits d’égalité des chances : rhétoriques ou pas seulement ?
Authors: Monney Corinne
Published: December 2020

Le présent article, s’inscrivant dans le champ de la sociologie des organisations et de la psychologie ergonomique, met en avant, à la suite de résultats d’une recherche doctorale basés sur la méthode inductive de la théorie ancrée (Glaser et Strauss, 2010), trois profils de formateurs d’enseignants dans leur rapport aux prescrits à plus d’égalité. Il questionne les normes dans la formation des maîtres et la valeur éventuellement rhétorique d’un prescrit actuel revendiquant un plus d’égalité, voire d’intégration/inclusion. Il fera mention de temps d’auto-prescription, entre libre-arbitre et contraintes normatives s’agissant des formateurs d’enseignants en milieux tertiaires.
Les cultures de l’étude à l’université dans leurs rapports avec les formes d’enseignement et la réussite académique
Authors: Touati Coralie
Published: December 2020

L’auteure se propose de considérer le travail de l’étude d’étudiant·e·s de licence à l’université comme un fait tout à la fois social et didactique dont il convient d’adresser les modes de structuration dans deux champs disciplinaires épistémologiquement contrastés : les sciences de l’éducation et le droit. Il s’agira au moyen d’une méthodologie métissée mêlant observations ethnographiques, travail d’archives, entretiens qualitatifs et statistiques analytiques d’explorer les rapports entre l’étude, l’enseignement et la réussite académique en subdivisant ces macro-variables en micro-variables opérationnelles et en décrivant leurs articulations.