bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Quantifying tissue water compartmentation for assessing specific histopathological changes in dystrophic skeletal muscle
Authors: De Almeida Araujo Ericky Caldas , Barthélémy Inès , Fromes Yves , Baudin Pierre-Yves , Blot Stéphane , Reyngoudt Harmen , Marty Benjamin
Published: November 2024

Motivation: Developing an objective measure of specific histopathological changes in the skeletal muscle in Duchene Muscular Dystrophy. Goal(s): To investigate distinct histopathological changes in dystrophic muscle by assessing histological tissue water compartmentation in vivo. Approach: A cohort of Golden Retriever Muscular Dystrophy (GRMD), carrier, and wild type dogs underwent quantitative MRI. Tissue water compartmentation, microvascular fraction (f) and extracellular volume (ECV) were assessed using multi-component water-T2 relaxometry, Intravoxel Incoherent Motion (IVIM) and T1 maps acquired before and after gadolinium (Gd) injection. Results: In GRMD, ECV, f, long-T2 fraction and main-T2 value were increased. Carrier dogs displayed mild non-significant abnormalities. Impact: Evaluating tissue water compartmentation in GRMD provided histopathologic specificity, distinguishing vascular from parenchymal changes in dystrophic muscle. The ability to assess histopathologic changes non-invasively will drastically improve our understanding of the disease evolution, treatment strategies and, ultimately, therapeutic development.
Skeletal muscle involvement in ageing: Exploring the relationship between MRI fat fraction and age in the muscles of the thigh
Authors: Scott Jamie , Reiter David , Adelnia Fatemeh , Bergeron Christopher , Fishbein Kenneth , Yates Max , Spencer Richard , Welch Ailsa , Ferrucci Luigi , Cameron Donnie
Published: November 2024

Motivation: Deposition of fat in skeletal muscle increases with age, leading to reduced muscle quality, but it is currently unclear which muscles are affected first and thus may serve as markers for the onset of this process. Goal(s): To measure intramuscular fat in individual thigh muscles in a healthy ageing cohort. Approach: We applied chemical-shift-based water-fat-separation imaging in 94 participants (median age=56, range=22-89yrs), and proton density fat fraction was calculated for 12 thigh muscles and different muscle groups. Results: We showed age associations with fat deposition in the whole thigh overall (β=0.60, p≪0.001), with associations being stronger in women and in the hamstring muscles. Impact: Understanding the relationship between proton density fat fraction and age in the thigh musculature—particularly in women and in the hamstring muscles—will help clinicians to identify specific muscle targets for interventions designed to reduce functional decline with ageing.
Improving the assessment of myotendinous injuries on professional athletes using Ultrasound-MRI fusion exploration
Authors: Wong Manuel , Mechó Sandra , Jarrin Priscilla , García Alicia Palomar , Prevost Valentin H. , de Graaf Wolter L. , Yanguas Xavier
Published: November 2024

Motivation: US-MRI fusion could provide more accurate information for muscle injury evaluation and follow-up. To date, some works were conducted in the scope of prostate pathology, but only a few focused on musculoskeletal imaging. Goal(s): This study aimed to evaluate if US-MRI fusion would allow more detailed and precise characterization of myotendinous injuries. Approach: US only and US-MRI fusion images were reviewed and scored in terms of muscle injury detection, as well as scar, tendon and edema visualization. Results: US-MRI fusion allowed a better characterization of lesions and healing process on professional athletes suffering from myotendinous injuries compared to US alone. Impact: Diagnosis of muscle injuries by US is a challenge, so MRI is still the gold standard in most cases. Combining both techniques, we can better characterize and follow-up lesions, detecting a slowdown in healing or complications as soon as possible.
Temperature dependence of T1 and T2* in ex vivo ovine Achilles tendons
Authors: Maggioni Marta , Kollert Matthias M. , Brisson Nicholas M. , Duda Georg N. , Reichenbach Jürgen R. , Krämer Martin
Published: November 2024

Motivation: While the dependence of the relaxation parameters T1 and T2* on temperature has been studied in aqueous solutions and in some biological tissues, such observations for complex organized tissues including tendons have not been investigated previously. Goal(s): To measure how T1 and T2* change with temperature in Achilles tendon samples. Approach: T1 and T2* were continuously measured while fresh ex vivo Achilles tendon samples were placed in a heated environment and cooled down over several hours. Results: The change in T2* with temperature was nonlinear and much higher than that reported in the literature for other tissuesImpact: The change in T2* in Achilles tendons was 4.8+/-2.1%/°C, which is substantially higher than reported in other biological tissues and indicates that the theory of temperature dependence of MRI relaxation parameters may not apply to highly organized tissues like tendons.
Development of a whole spinal MRI-based tumor burden score method in participants with multiple myeloma: a pilot study of prognostic significance
Authors: cui sha , Guo Yinnan , Li Jianting , Bian Wenjin , Wu Wenqi , Zhang Wenjia , Zheng Qian , Guan Haonan , Wang Jun , Niu Jinliang
Published: November 2024

Motivation: Quantifying the extent of bone marrow infiltration or bone destruction plays a key role in assessing tumor burden and evaluating prognosis. Goal(s): Previous semi-quantitative tumor burden scoring methods had limitations. Approach: We developed a new whole spinal MRI-based tumor burden scoring method in participants with newly diagnosed multiple myeloma and to explore its prognostic significance by evaluating its role in predicting the early treatment response and its association with the R-ISS. Results: The tumor burden score was an independent predictor of poor response and the AUC was 0.842. The tumor burden score was higher in R-ISS-III than in R-ISS-I and R-ISS-II. Impact: This study quantified the extent of bone marrow infiltration or bone destruction in multiple myeloma and showed that high tumor burden scores were associated with poor early treatment response and high R-ISS stage.
Relationship between lumbar disc degeneration and bone mineral density in middle-aged and elderly population with non-specific low back pain
Authors: Xiang Xihan , Chen Junrong , Liang Huilou
Published: November 2024

Motivation: Lumbar disc degeneration (LDD) is a major cause of lower back pain, but the relationship of LDD and adjacent structures, especially bone mineral density (BMD), is unclear, which confuses clinicians in estimating condition. Goal(s): To investigate the relationship between LDD and BMD in a non-specific low back pain (NSLBP) population. Approach: We assessed the relationship between the extent of LDD, obtained from MRI, and BMD of vertebral bodies, measured using quantitative CT, in NSLBP patients. Results: Our results showed that LDD was negatively correlated with vertebra BMD in NSLBP patients, with L2/3 disc degeneration serving as an independent influencing factor for vBMD. Impact: L2/3 intervertebral disc degeneration is an independent influencing factor for vBMD. Further investigation can explore if the degree of L2/3 intervertebral disc degeneration through MRI can predict OP, thereby reducing the occurrence of complications such as osteoporotic fractures.
Wireless Split Ring Resonator Metasurface Enhances Transmission Efficiency of Surface Loop Arrays at 7T
Authors: Saha Nandita , Maurya Santosh , Nurzed Bilguun , Waiczies Helmar , Schmidt Rita , Niendorf Thoralf
Published: November 2024

Motivation: Metasurfaces are conceptually appealing for enhancing RF coil performance due to added degrees of freedom for shaping electromagnetic fields. Goal(s): This work focuses on development and validation of a novel split ring resonator (SRR) based metasurface for improving the performance of a two-channel surface loop array at 7.0 T. Approach: Application of a magnetic field perpendicular to SRR induces electromotive force, forming an LC circuit with resonance frequency as currents circulate between the rings. This property benefits MRI transmission field enhancement. Results: Our simulations and experimental results demonstrate that wireless metasurfaces enhance transmission efficiency of a two-channel surface loop coil array at 7T. Impact: Our approach provides technical foundation for development, implementation and validation of novel metasurfaces for RF arrays customized for UHF-MRI. Our metasurface offers customizable resonance properties by adjusting unit cells, periodicity, or structure placement to enhance transmit field efficiency and uniformity.
Open BirdcageBuilder
Authors: Brantner Douglas , Carluccio Giuseppe , Collins Christopher
Published: November 2024

Motivation: Currently the well-known BirdcageBuilder software tool for providing a first prediction of capacitor values for Birdcage Coil design is available only as an app for Android devices. Goal(s): We introduce an Open-source version of BirdcageBuilder available for the MR community to use and improve on GitHub. Approach: From Java code for BirdcageBuilder Mobile, we developed a version in JavaScript. The GUI is an HTML web page, so the webapp runs in any modern web browser on any device. Outputs were validated against the original publication and the Mobile version. Results: The software and code are available to all for use and improvement. Impact: A freely-available open-source version of the BirdcageBuilder software facilitates rapid design of birdcage coils and allows improvement by the MR community. Additional functionalities could include prediction of all resonances of a coil, noncylindrical coils, and output of a CAD model.
High Temperature Superconducting (HTS) Multi Loop Transmission Line Resonator for Magnetic Resonance Imaging
Authors: DUBUC Camille , THIBAULT Clément , GINEFRI Jean-Christophe , DUBUISSON Rose-Marie , BOUSSAHA Faouzi , BRIATICO Javier , POIRIER-QUINOT Marie
Published: November 2024

Motivation: Multi-Loop Coils (MLCs) allow to reduce the sample-induced noise while achieving a large Field Of View. Their sensitivity would be improved with the use of superconducting materials. Goal(s): We aim to develop a superconducting MLC achieving both a large Field Of View and high quality factor. Approach: An initial design is modified to render a MLC self-resonant and optimized using electromagnetic simulations. Results: The HTS Multi Loop Transmission Line Resonator coil characterizations are presented. Q-factor and resonance frequency decline in presence of the static magnetic field or of a conductive sample but the coil still exhibits higher performances than copper MLCs. Impact: Multi Loop Transmission Line Resonator represents a promising design strategy to increase the Field Of View of HTS reception coils without compromising with the coil sensitivity.
Enabling Wide-Area Imaging in MR Microscopy with a Double Helix Dipole Coil
Authors: Kunieda Kazuki , Murakami Yuto , Terada Yasuhiko
Published: November 2024

Motivation: The DHD coil in the previous study had a narrow sensitivity region. We developed a DHD coil with improved sensitivity region and B1 uniformity to image large samples while maintaining SNR. Goal(s): Imaging of all organs, especially the brain of a human embryo, using a coil with a wider sensitivity region. Approach: We performed electromagnetic field simulations to find the shape that would give the best performance, and fabricated the coil. Results: The imageable area was widened by 30% and the insensitive area was reduced. Not only the brain of a human embryo, but also organs could be imaged at the same time. Impact: The DHD coil's geometry was determined by electromagnetic field simulation, which allows a 30% wider range in the z-axis than conventional coils. The human embryonic brain and organs such as the heart could be simultaneously imaged with sufficient SNR.
Towards Real-Time RF Coil Failure Recognition Using Deep Transfer Learning
Authors: Nelson Seger , Mylostna Krystyna , Gupta Anubhav , Osman Islam , Bjarnason Thorarin , Shehata Mohamed , MacMillan Erin , Feldman Rebecca
Published: November 2024

Motivation: RF coil failures are often not visually recognizable. Quality control is only done weekly or monthly, leading to days to weeks where diagnostic images may be negatively impacted. Goal(s): Identify RF coil failures on patient images using deep transfer learning. Approach: >10,000 passed and failed images from 50 patients were used to train 4 pre-trained deep learning models using 2 different pipelines: (1) shuffled all images into train and test, and (2) shuffled by each patients’ images. Results: EfficientNet V2 (L) was the highest performing model, achieving 99% accuracy for pipeline 1, and 55% for pipeline 2. Other models showed similar results. Impact: Introducing a deep learning model that can identify radiofrequency coil failures on patient images would avoid costly rescans of patients whose images were only determined to be poor after a failure was detected on a later quality control scan.
Compact and Frequency-independent Dual-Tuned Cable Traps for Multi-Nuclear MRI and MRS
Authors: Lu Ming , Wang Ruilin , Chai Shuyang , Yan Xinqiang
Published: November 2024

Motivation: Dual-tuned cable traps, instead of two separate single-tuned ones in series, are preferred in multi-nuclear MRI and MRS. Goal(s): We introduce a frequency-independent dual-tuned cable trap. For proton nuclear, standard solenoid cable trap was employed. For X-nuclear, an additional solenoid resonator was employed to block the common-mode signal. Approach: The dual-tuned cable trap was analyzed in electromagnetic simulation, fabricated and its performance is evaluated by bench test. Results: The dual-tuned trap exhibits exceptional common-mode current suppression abilities at both frequencies. And two frequencies of dual-tuned trap can be adjusted independently without mutual interference. Impact: This novel dual-tuned cable trap fills an important gap in dual-tuned MRI hardware for multi-nuclear magnetic resonance studies, potentially enable next-generation dual-tuned coils.
A Solenoidal Dipole for Human Finger/Small Sample Imaging at 7T MR Imaging: A Comparison Study
Authors: Bhosale Aditya , Zhao Yunkun , Zhang Xiaoliang
Published: November 2024

Motivation: Investigate potential uses for solenoidal dipoles, such as in human finger imaging. Goal(s): The purpose is to evaluate how well the solenoidal dipole works for imaging the finger. Approach: Comparison to alternative coil configurations for finger imaging. Results: Evaluate the inter-element coupling, Q-factor, H-field, E-field efficiency, and SNR of the solenoidal dipole in relation to the solenoid coil and LC loop. Impact: The proposed solenoidal dipole design, despite less efficient H-fields, holds substantial potential for ultra-high-field MRI. It reduces crosstalk, enhances SNR distribution, and improves field homogeneity, making it a promising choice for high-resolution imaging of small samples.
Frequency Selective Flux Focusing Passive Lenz Resonators for Substantial MRI Signal-to-Noise Ratio Amplification
Authors: Hodgson Aaron , Shepelytskyi Yurii , Batarchuk Viktoriia , Taradeh Nedal Al , Grynko Vira , Albert Mitchell
Published: November 2024

Motivation: Despite numerous developments since MRI’s invention, low sensitivity remains the main limitation. Goal(s): We aimed to improve upon the Lenz lens design for passive signal amplification in MRI, ultimately improving the signal-to-noise ratio. Approach: We created a first-in-kind Lenz resonator, a passive frequency selective flux-focusing circuit, to isolate and enhance the signal from a desired nucleus. Results: Performing RF testing with a vector network analyzer there was a 60 times signal amplification for the proton resonance frequency. At 3.0T, MRI demonstrated an experimental amplification of the signal-to-noise ratio by 3.9 times using an MRI insert of two coaxial Lenz resonators. Impact: The substantial SNR boost produced by our Lenz resonators has a paramount importance for the field of MRI. The superior increase in SNR allows quicker scans, higher resolution scans, and precise disease detection.
A Single-Solenoid Double-Resonance Radiofrequency Coil for 1H-31P Solid State MRI at 1.5 T
Authors: Yao Jingting , Kaso Artan , Serano Peter , Ackerman Jerome
Published: November 2024

Motivation: Metabolic bone disease is a prevalent health concern affecting more than 200 million individuals worldwide. MRI has the potential to noninvasively characterize bone quality. Goal(s): The goal was to custom-build a double-resonance RF coil capable of proton and phosphorus solid state MRI on a 1.5 T extremity scanner intended for arms, legs, and tissue specimen imaging. Approach: A double-resonance RF coil was constructed based on a double-tuning single solenoid configuration, employing quarter-wave transmission lines to isolate the two channels. Results: ZTE 1H and 31P MRI of bone specimens demonstrated the feasibility and effectiveness of this coil. Impact: The constructed single-solenoid double-resonance RF coil is capable of acquiring solid state 1H and 31P MRI of bone specimens. With this coil, MR information on the organic matrix (1H) and mineral (31P) can be obtained to assess metabolic bone diseases.
Potassium birdcage resonator design for multi-nuclear imaging at 7T
Authors: Wu Menglu , McElroy Sarah , Stark Helmut , Charles-Edwards Geoff , Winfield Jessica , Wright Alan , Ipek Ozlem
Published: November 2024

Motivation: Potassium(39K) imaging provides an opportunity to probe cellular processes and has recently been demonstrated in human calf muscle at 7TGoal(s): Developing an in-house birdcage resonator for potassium imaging, enabling simultaneous imaging with proton/sodium using previously developed dipole/loop array. Approach: A low-pass eight-rung birdcage resonator was constructed using copper strip, chosen for its high Q factor. The resonator was optimized for maximum power efficiency and phantom images were acquired at 7T. Results: The birdcage resonator demonstrated exceptional tuning and matching on the bench, with a homogeneous phantom image acquired in around 6 minutes. The findings suggest significant potential for in-vivo potassium quantification. Impact: A birdcage resonator was designed and constructed in-house to create a capability for enhanced potassium imaging for neurological, musculoskeletal and oncology research. Potential integration with 1H/23Na array would allow simultaneous acquisition with three nuclei.
Inductively induced triple-frequency tuned transceiver coil for multinuclear imaging at 7T
Authors: Li Xin , Zhu Xiao-Hong , Chen Wei
Published: November 2024

Motivation: Great potentials arise from multinuclear imaging modalities of 2H, 17O, 31P and 1H, which could depict the complexity of tissue and physiopathology related to the disease progression from multiple dimensions. Goal(s): To develop a triple-tuned RF coil which can operate at three resonant frequencies of interest (2H, 17O, and 1H) or (2H, 31P and 1H). Approach: A triple-frequency tuned RF coil was developed and simultaneously tuned and match to three resonant frequencies, and evaluated using a head-size phantom at 7T. Results: We demonstrated a novel triple-frequency tuned coil design with robust imaging results for all three imaging frequencies. Impact: As deuterium MRS imaging (DMRSI) is gaining more attention for brain tumor imaging, this triple-frequency tuned coil design can help add another X-nuclear frequency to the current DMRSI coil design, thus creating additional contrast for the brain tumor diagnosis.
Deep neural network pre-training on a simulated dataset for optical tracking of head motion without fiducial markers
Authors: Silic Marina , Graham Simon
Published: November 2024

Motivation: Deep learning methods are popular for head pose tracking in many applications; however, most models focus on large motions that are not applicable to the sub-millimeter accuracy required for motion correction in magnetic resonance imaging. Goal(s): We aim to create a deep neural network capable of “markerlessly” tracking incremental changes in head pose in 6 degrees of freedom (DOF) with sub-millimeter/degree accuracy. Approach: We pre-trained a network on simulated images of a face in our expected environment as preparation for real-world data collection and training. Results: Initial test results show a low average mean squared error of 0.0588 mm/degrees across the 6DOF. Impact: A deep neural network for sub-millimeter head pose tracking for motion correction was successfully pre-trained on simulated face data, with a test mean MSE of 0.0588 mm/degrees. This method shows potential towards motion correction applications in MRI.
Studying Bandwidths of Balancing Preamplifier Decoupling Networks
Authors: Jepsen Rasmus , Ardenkjær-Larsen Jan , Zhurbenko Vitaliy
Published: November 2024

Motivation: Lattice baluns are traditionally used in receive arrays to achieve common mode rejection and preamplifier decoupling. They, however, are limited to real impedance transformations only. Goal(s): New matching networks are sought that achieve noise matching and preamplifier decoupling, as well as common-mode rejection. Approach: In this abstract, new network topologies are introduced and their bandwidths are studied. Results: In addition to being more compact, the new networks offer a wider bandwidth as well as higher common-mode rejection. Thus, it is expected that the new networks are more resilient to component tolerances and loading effects, and they may enable multinuclear imaging. Impact: New topologies of preamplifier decoupling networks with integrated balun functionality are introduced. They offer wider bandwidth and higher common-mode rejection compared to traditional networks.
Magnetically Coupled Resonant Wireless RF Coil for MRI
Authors: Mo Zhiguang , Wei Jiafu , Chen Qiaoyan , Luo Chao , Jia Sen , Wu Bing , Zhang Xiaoliang , Li Ye
Published: November 2024

Motivation: The bulky cables of the MRI RF coil not only complicate the coil replacement procedure but also lead to a waste of examination time. Goal(s): In order to achieve a lightweight and user-friendly wireless RF coil with high-resolution imaging capability. Approach: In this study, we made a wireless coil and compared its SNR and high-resolution imaging performance with the rat coil RAC and the knee coil alone, using the knee coil as the pickup coil. Results: The wireless coil achieved high-resolution imaging of up to 0.13 mm × 0.13 mm × 1mm on the 3T system. Impact: The experiment demonstrated the potential of wireless RF coils for high-resolution imaging.
Multimodal surface coils for small animal MR imaging at ultrahigh fields
Authors: Zhao Yunkun , Bhosale Aditya , Zhang Xiaoliang
Published: November 2024

Motivation: High performance RF coils are needed for better SNR so that higher resolution and spectral dispersion can be obtained in small animal MR imaging. Goal(s): To develop a surface coil with improved SNR over the conventional surface coil for small animal imaging at 7T. Approach: A small animal surface coil is designed based on multimodal surface coil technique. The coil is investigated and compared with conventional surface coil using full-wave electromagnetic simulations. Results: The multimodal surface coil shows superior B1 field efficiency and lower E field over standard coils, indicating a potential to gain SNR and resolution. Impact: The proposed multimodal surface coil can operate at high frequency and provides improved SNR over conventional surface coils at 7T, opening avenues for highly efficient coil design in small animal imaging, ultimately enabling the detection of previously indiscernible physiological details.
A Novel Transceive 2-channel Orthogonally Arranged Dual Loop Solenoid RF Coil Design for Improving Low Field MRI SNR
Authors: Gu Yan , Pei Hong Hua , Qi Xin , Zong Ren Jie , Bao Jian , Huang Shao Ying , Li Bing Keong
Published: November 2024

Motivation: There are growing interest in low field specialised MRI R&D but they are currently burdened by their low SNR images. Goal(s): A novel 2-channel orthogonally arranged dual loop solenoid RF coil design has been proposed to improve low field MR image SNR. Approach: Two transceive 2-Channel RF coil prototypes using the novel design and using conventional design were constructed and tested in a 0.35T MRI system. Results: In comparing the acquired MR images, it is shown that the proposed novel design can improve low field MR image SNR by ≥20% as compared to the conventional design. Impact: A novel 2-channel orthogonally arranged dual loop solenoid transceive RF coil has been constructed and tested in a 0.35T MRI system. Using this new RF coil design it is shown that the acquired image SNR can be increased by ≥20%.
FPGA Microwave Link Testbed for Wireless MRI
Authors: Turan Ege , Robb Fraser , Vasanawala Shreyas , Pauly John , Scott Greig
Published: November 2024

Motivation: MRI coil arrays are now burdened by cable and connector limitations that inhibit conformability. Goal(s): We seek a low cost approach to wireless MRI coil data links that is easy to scale with multiple array subsections. We demonstrate feasibility of a FPGA-based short-range microwave wireless serial link. Approach: A complete end to end link was constructed for link distances of 20cm. A low power FPGA sent scrambled serial data with embedded start/stop bits to a receiver with FPGA recovery of the data. Results: This complete demo could achieve over 200Mbps with a simple FPGA, mixer and oscillator. Impact: Cutting the cord of MRI arrays has been a long-term goal of MRI engineering. It would eliminate the mechanical and RF pitfalls of the cable, and enable more conformable and wearable receive arrays.
A wireless resonator layer for high-resolution TMJ MRI at 1.5 T
Authors: Zhu Haoqin , Zhang Qiang , Li Rangsong , Chen Yuanyuan , Zhang Gong , Lu Ming , Ren Yujie , Yan Xinqiang
Published: November 2024

Motivation: Most imaging facilities lack specialized coils, resulting in suboptimal TMJ MRI scans using head receive array. Goal(s): Developing flexible, cost-effective and efficient accessories to enhance TMJ MRI image using existing facilities. Approach: Improve TMJ MRI scans by incorporating an inductive wireless resonator insert into a head array. evaluating its performance against the head array alone using phantom and in vivo imaging. Results: The SNR increases by 5.3-fold times at the TMJ's articular fossa area and remains 2.4-fold at a 4cm depth, using a wireless resonator insert and head array combination, compared to a phased array. Impact: Combining wireless RF resonators and phased arrays transformed MRI coils technology. It enhancing SNR in specific regions like the thyroid and carotid artery, allowing parallel imaging . This advancement ensures affordability, well-workflow, and the adaptability to various magnetic field strengths.
Optimizing the element numbers to improve dipole antenna array for 14 Tesla MRI
Authors: Sun Youheng , Wang Miutian , Yang Gang , Wang Winmin
Published: November 2024

Motivation: The multi-channel RF coil scheme for 14T head imaging has not been defined yet. Goal(s): Our goal was to optimize the number of elements in the dipole antenna array in order to achieve optimal performance at 14T. Approach: We obtained the $$$\text{B}_{1}^{+}$$$ field distributions and SAR distributions of dipole antenna arrays with 8, 12, 16, and 20 channels through electromagnetic simulation, and compared their performances. Results: The results showed that the 12-channel dipole antenna array exhibits superior performance. Impact: The number of channels in an RF coil at ultrahigh fields requires a trade-off between RF field uniformity and inter-cell coupling; 12-channel dipole antenna array serves as a suitable reference coil for 14T head imaging.
Simulation of an 8-Channel Transmit Meander Stripline Array for Combined Head and Neck Imaging at 7 Tesla MRI
Authors: Mai Denis , Fiedler Thomas , Knöbel Neil , Wessing Luca , Kraff Oliver , Lanz Titus , Quick Harald , May Markus
Published: November 2024

Motivation: Covering the head-neck region in UHF MRI is challenging due to the limited number of only 8 parallel transmission (pTx) channels available in most UHF MR systems. Goal(s): Our goal was to design and simulate an 8-channel pTx coil for combined head/neck imaging at 7T. Approach: A geometrical setup for MR imaging with modified stripline elements was investigated by simulating the B1+ efficiency in a heterogenous tissue model. Results: B1+ efficiency maxima of 0.31 μT/√W for head region and 0.13 μT/√W for neck region with SAR10g maximum of 1.21 W/kg for 1W stimulated input power per channel could be achieved. Impact: Meander stripline elements can be overlapped while showing only low coupling, allowing a good coverage of the head-neck area while only using 8 pTx elements in total.
A Novel 8-channel Carotid Array with Two Wireless Resonators Insert for Magnetic Resonance Imaging at 5T
Authors: Xiao Enhua , Li Jiaxu , Tan Yingchao , Wang Jiasheng , Wei Jiafu , Yang Ganghan , Zhang XiaoLiang , Zheng Hairong , Li Ye , Chen Qiaoyan
Published: November 2024

Motivation: Ultra-high field MRI is popular in brain imaging research. However, high-res imaging of carotid vessels and walls is not possible due to the lack of a carotid array. Goal(s): High-resolution imaging of the neck position at ultra-high fieldsApproach: In this study, carotid array with two wireless resonators insert was developed at 5T. Results: SNR was significantly improved using the novel coil in comparison with the only carotid array at 5T. Impact: An 8-channel carotid array with wireless resonators was designed for 5T magnetic resonance imaging. Water model imaging provides sufficient signal-to-noise ratio and resolution for high-field imaging, meeting the requirements for detailed neck artery disease feature descriptions.
Multicenter Harmonization of Longitudinal DTI and NODDI of White Matter Microstructure after Acute TBI: A TRACK-TBI* Study
Authors: Cai Lanya T. , Sadikov Amir , Xiao Jaclyn , Wren-Jarvis Jamie , Bourla Ioanna , Yuh Esther , Mac Donald Christine , Giacino Joseph , McCrea Michael , Temkin Nancy , Robertson Claudia , Markowitz Amy , Sun Xiaoying , Jain Sonia , Stein Murray , Diaz-Arrastia Ramon , Okonkwo David , Manley Geoffrey , Mukherjee Pratik
Published: November 2024

Motivation: Diffusion MRI-derived NODDI demonstrated promise as biomarkers of post-TBI long-term symptoms and clinical outcomes in single-center studies, but hasn't been validated in large-scale multi-center trials. Goal(s): This study aimed to detect post-TBI white matter degeneration and its significance to outcomes using analysis methods incorporating RISH-based harmonization, followed by DTI and NODDI fitting. Approach: Harmonized DTI and NODDI are analyzed for a longitudinal comparison between 2 weeks and 6 months post-TBI, and for associations with GOSE, RPQ, and WAIS-PSI outcomes. Results: Widespread white matter degeneration was evident in longitudinal changes of DTI and NODDI. The 2-week metrics were predictive of 3 and 6-month outcomes. Impact: This study applies RISH-based harmonization to a multi-shell, multi-center dMRI study that involved 7 scanners of different manufacturers and models with different software versions and pulse-sequence parameters. These efforts brought new insights into post-traumatic white matter injury and patient outcomes.
Detection of neuroinflammation and ischemia in traumatic brain injury in rats using amide proton transfer MRI
Authors: Zou Yunfan , Huang Qianqi , Yang Chongjun , Wu Jingpu , Wang Puyang , Jiang Shanshan , Zhou Jinyuan
Published: November 2024

Motivation: Ischemia and neuroinflammation, two key endophenotypes post-TBI, are difficult to assess in vivo. Goal(s): Our goal was to evaluate the feasibility of utilizing amide proton transfer-weighted (APTw) imaging as a biomarker for detecting neuroinflammation and ischemia post-TBI. Approach: Brain APTw MRI signals of 55 rats subjected to a mild, moderate, or severe TBI were analyzed and compared to other criteria defining neuroinflammation and ischemia. Results: The areas under curve (AUCs) of the ipsilateral cortex APTw signals at 3 days and 1 hour post-TBI were 0.725 for detecting neuroinflammation and 0.411 for detecting ischemia, respectively. Impact: The feasibility of detecting neuroinflammation and ischemia using APTw MRI would improve the capability of MRI to objectively assess TBI and enable the accurate detection of these pathological processes at an early stage post-TBI.
Functional MRI and diffusion tractography correlates of functional recovery after a penetrating cephalic injury: A longitudinal case study
Authors: Radwan Ahmed , Decramer Thomas , Theys Tom , Dupont Patrick , Sunaert Stefan
Published: November 2024

Motivation: Understanding brain changes occurring during recovery from a sword-inflicted head injury. Goal(s): To detect longitudinal changes in diffusion and functional MRI accompanying the patient’s functional recovery after the trauma. Approach: Diffusion MRI and tractometry to assess white matter tract changes and task-based and resting-state functional MRI to monitor changes in brain function. Results: Reduced diffusion metrics were found in the affected white matter tracts, which seemed to partially recover over time. Task-based fMRI showed significantly (p < 0.05) increased functional activity over time for the right-hand and language scans reflecting gradual clinical improvement in right hand, and language functions. Impact: This longitudinal case study reveals significant brain recovery post-penetrating trauma, which is less common in clinical practice, and highlights the value of diffusion and functional MRI in tracking brain changes that parallel rehabilitation progress.
Fiber-specific white matter properties related to clinical features in military service members after a remote mild traumatic brain injury
Authors: Yeh Ping-Hong , Song Chihwa , Srikanchana Rujirutana , Koay Cheng Guan , Liu Wei , Ollinger John
Published: November 2024

Motivation: Identifying brain changes that are associated with repetitive insult and persistent post-concussive symptoms can be potentially useful in differentiating mild traumatic brain injury from purely psychological disorders. Goal(s): Apply fixel-based analysis (FBA) method to assess the relationships between clinical symptoms and tissue features using advanced dMRI techniques, and to identify WM changes that are associated with repetitive insult in service members (SMs). Approach: Employ FBA, tractography and TSA on NODDI in SMs with mTBI. Results: Unique anatomical locations where structural properties related to clinical symptoms. The white matter changes over the brainstem fibers are associated with the number of total lifetime TBI. Impact: Advanced diffusion MRI techniques using higher model should be considered as a choice of option in assessing subtle white matter alterations in mild traumatic brain injury presenting due to the great heterogeneity of underlying pathological features.
In vivo Detection of Ball Heading-Associated Microstructure Changes at the Sulcal Fundi and Gyral Crowns in Amateur Soccer Players
Authors: DeMessie Bluyé , Fleysher Roman , Lipton Michael
Published: November 2024

Motivation: Neurodegenerative changes in the cortical sulci and gyri have been associated with repetitive head impacts (RHI) but have only been observed post-mortem. Goal(s): To detect sulcal and gyral extrema white matter microstructure changes in vivo. Approach: Automated image-analysis algorithms were used to average the fractional anisotropy (FA) of sulcal fundi and gyral crowns in a cohort of amateur adult soccer players and age- and sex- matched non-collision amateur athletes. Results: We found soccer players’ FA was significantly lower within the fundi and crowns of the frontal, orbitofrontal, temporal regions, as well as the cingulate and parietal regions for fundi only. Impact: Here we report the first in vivo imaging study demonstrating white matter microstructure changes within sulci and gyri due to RHI. We anticipate our approach to be a starting point for more sophisticated use of DTI to study RHI effects.
Structural connectome disruption and gray matter morphologic changes in active young boxers
Authors: Huang Wenjing , Ma Laiyang , Hu Wanjun , Xiong Yuhui , Zhang Jing
Published: November 2024

Motivation: The effects of repeated concussions on the structural covariance network of active young boxers are unknown. Goal(s): To reveal the effects of sport-related concussion (SRC) on the brain morphology of boxers and to construct a structural covariance network to investigate global and local property changes in SRC networks. Approach: The cortical thickness and structural covariance network properties were calculated using 3D-T1WI of 57 SRC athletes and 72 healthy controls (HCs). Results: Compared with the HCs group, the SRC group had a thicker cortex in the bilateral hemisphere, reduced small-world properties, and reduced local efficiency. Impact: The topological properties of boxers' structural covariance networks were significantly abnormal, indicating that both network integration and separation functions were impaired due to repeated concussions.
Validation of GRAPPATINI T2 mapping for detection of structural and biochemical changes in cartilage of ACLR patients
Authors: Lu Rong , Xia Tian , Xue Xiao'ao , Tang Weijun , Li Qing , Fu Caixia , Chu Ying-Hua , Raithel Esther , Kober Tobias , Hibert Tom , Hwang Tingfang
Published: November 2024

Motivation: The study validated a non-invasive quantitative MR imaging for evaluating cartilage prognostic status after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR) as a technique against arthroscopic and histological measures. Goal(s): To find the non-invasive biomarkers that can guide treatments and limit post-traumatic osteoarthritis (PTOA) in ACLR patients via quantitative cartilage morphometry analysis and biochemical assessments using GRAPPATINI T2 mapping. Approach: This was a retrospective cohort study with level II evidence. Results: Most knee cartilage subregions were thicker, larger in volume, and had higher T2 values in ACLR patients than in healthy controls. Partial cartilage parameters were significantly correlated with clinical scores. Impact: Quantitative MRI parameters of cartilage could significantly advance non-invasive diagnosis, prognostication, and personalized management of cartilage degeneration.
Imaging sequence and gender impact on quantitative MRI thresholds for traumatic bone oedema.
Authors: Dwyer Andrew , Taewcharoen Nuttakorn , Walls Angela , Zadow Steven
Published: November 2024

Motivation: Stress fractures are common in athletic populations causing significant time-lost and potential future complications. Quantitative MRI thresholds have gained popularity but indiscriminate use without careful validation may cause error. Goal(s): Evaluate impact of imaging sequence, age and gender on diagnosis of traumatic bone oedema. Approach: Lumbar MRI from high risk screening and symptomatic injuries were imaged using multiple fat-suppressed sequences. A modified water-fat phantom was built mimicking normal and abnormal bone composition. Results: Up to two-fold variation was evident in signal intensity of oedema between different fat-suppressed sequences, even when normalised. Female athletes showed higher signal intensities but age was not significant. Impact: Sequence and gender-dependence on bone signal have important clinical implications for the use of absolute intensity or ratios to quantify oedema. Clinical adoption requires more attention to standardisation, calibration or locally derived thresholds to avoid misdiagnosis.
Evaluating Muscle Health with Multiparametric MRI after FES-Bike Exercise Training in People with Spinal Cord Injury
Authors: Mastropietro Alfonso , Taccogna Maria Giovanna , Peruzzo Denis , Sanna Nicole , Nossa Roberta , Pedrocchi Alessandra , Ambrosini Emilia , Biffi Emilia , Rizzo Giovanna
Published: November 2024

Motivation: Our research is driven by the need for advanced, non-invasive tools to assess the rehabilitation effectiveness in people with Spinal Cord Injury (SCI). Goal(s): To determine the effects of Functional Electrical Stimulation (FES)-bike exercise training on muscle health in SCI patients using multiparametric MRI (mpMRI). Approach: Four males with SCI conducted a 12-week FES-bike exercise training program. mpMRI was used to assess muscle health comprehensively considering muscle volume, fat fraction, diffusion parameters. Results: Our study demonstrated significant increase in muscle volume and decrease in fat infiltration in the thigh muscles of people with SCI after 12-weeks of FES-bike training. Impact: Our study highlights the potential of mpMRI for assessing the effectiveness of FES-bike training in people with SCI. This paves the way for more comprehensive evaluation methods, fostering precise monitoring of muscle health during rehabilitation and promoting tailored treatment strategies.
Meniscus tear detection on knee magnetic resonance images with U-net model
Authors: Yoshino Kensuke , Chantaduly Chanon , Chang Peter , Yoshioka Hiroshi
Published: November 2024

Motivation: Making an accurate diagnosis of meniscus tears from knee magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is difficult. Goal(s): To evaluate the accuracy of the 3D/2D deeply supervised U-net model for meniscus tears detection on knee MRI. Approach: A total of 391 adult knee MRI scans were annotated in the tear regions of the menisci in coronal and sagittal images as ground truth. Tear detection was performed as a segmentation within the exam in the 679 test dataset. Results: The accuracy of the coronal model and sagittal model were 0.76 and 0.74, respectively. Impact: The diagnostic model for meniscus tears on knee magnetic resonance imaging might be useful as a screening tool and diagnostic aid for radiologists but further improvement is required for more accurate detection.
Characterization of the cardiac conduction system with inhomogeneous Magnetization Transfer (ihMT): an ex-vivo study
Authors: Kornaropoulos Evgenios , Forodighasemabadi Arash , Soustelle Lucas , Anderson Timothy , Varma Gopal , Alsop David , Quesson Bruno , Magat Julie , Girard Olivier , Duhamel Guillaume
Published: November 2024

Motivation: Imaging the cardiac conduction system (CCS) remains a significant challenge, since no imaging modalitiy has so far provided good contrast between the cardiac muscle and the embedded fibers that regulate normal heartbeat. Goal(s): We aim to address this challenge by employing inhomogeneous Magnetization Transfer Imaging (ihMT). Approach: We hypothesise that the conductive fibers exhibit unique dipolar order properties, due to the collagen sheath that surrounds them, and could thus be selectively isolated by ihMT. Results: As a first step towards enhancing muscle-to-fiber contrast, this work investigated the biophysical parameters that govern the ihMT signal in the macromolecular environment of the CCS. Impact: The assessment of the macromolecular environment of the cardiac conduction system (CCS) allows for a better understanding of its morphological architecture, and will enable us to design an ihMT sequence specifically sensitive to the challenging morphology of the CCS.
Inhomogeneous Magnetization Transfer (ihMT) imaging of the cardiac Purkinje fibers from sheep’s heart at 9.4 T
Authors: Forodighasemabadi Arash , Kornaropoulos Evgenios , Soustelle Lucas , Girard Olivier , Quesson Bruno , Duhamel Guillaume , Magat Julie
Published: November 2024

Motivation: The architecture of the cardiac conduction system is implicated in cardiac arrhythmias such as ventricular fibrillation and characterizing this structure will help better understand and diagnose these arrhythmias. Goal(s): Optimizing the inhomogeneous magnetization transfer technique for 3D imaging of conducting fibers. Approach: A range of parameters for ihMTRARE sequence were explored for imaging samples from sheep’s left ventricles containing free-running Purkinje fibers and myocardium. Results: Across samples, ihMTR signal was found consistently higher in fibers compared to the myocardium for the chosen saturation parameters. This finding holds promise for future 3D imaging of the cardiac conduction system. Impact: The results of this study hold promise for future 3D imaging of larger samples of the left ventricle containing free-running and intramural Purkinje fibers using the optimized sequence which would allow the segmentation and characterization of these fibers.
12-Lead ECG Assessment at 0.55T
Authors: Kolandaivelu Aravindan , Bruce Christopher , Campbell-Washburn Adrienne , Lederman Robert , Herzka Daniel
Published: November 2024

Motivation: The 12-lead ECG is the standard diagnostic for monitoring rhythm and ischemia during stress. ECG distortion via magnetohydrodynamic effect is proportional to field strength and limits interpretation at 1.5T and 3T. Lower field (0.55T) offers potential improvement. Goal(s): Compare variability in ECGs in at 0.55T, 1.5T and 3.0T and examine changes in ECG morphology at 0.55T in response to ischemia and exercise stress. Approach: ECGs were recorded in: (1) swine at three fields, and at 0.55T during ischemia, and (2) normal human subjects a and during ergometer stress. Results: At 0.55T ECGs remained interpretable at isocenter though some distortion due to MHD persisted. Impact: Low field (0.55T) MRI can provide improved clinical interpretation of 12-Lead ECGs at isocenter due to reduction of magnetohydrodynamic distortion and reduced sensitivity to patient motion as demonstrated in swine with cardiac ischemia and humans undergoing exercise induced stress.
Preliminary Study of CMR Combined Myocardial Strain Imaging for Left Atrial Fibrosis Assessment in Atrial Fibrillation Patients
Authors: Chong Huanhuan , Like Lahu , Wu Peng , Yan Fuhua , Yang Wenjie
Published: November 2024

Motivation: Left atrial (LA) function and structural remodeling in atrial fibrillation (AF) remains uncertain in the context of LA-CMR. Goal(s): To investigate the effectiveness of 3D-LGE CMR and LA-strain techniques for assessing LA fibrosis in paroxysmal or persistent AF (PaAF, PeAF) patients. Approach: Preoperative CMR was used to analyze LA-strain parameters. Quantitative assessments of LA wall enhancement utilized the Infarct-to-Interstitial Ratio (IIR) as a reference. Results: Contrasted with PaAF, those with PeAF exhibited increased LA volumes, reduced LA function, and lower strain values. In 3D-LGE sequences, PeAF patients demonstrated more extensive myocardial enhancement, scar tissue, and interstitial fibrosis in comparison to PaAF patients. Impact: Our research provides a promising imaging tool for the management of AF patients, with potential translational applications focused on quantitatively and visually assessing LA function and structural remodeling, personalizing treatment, assisting intraoperative navigation, and enabling long-term monitoring.
Rapid, Real-time Cine MRI Produces Clinically Acceptable Image Quality and Accurate Bi-Ventricular Functional Measures in CIED Patients
Authors: Bishara Dima , Hong KyungPyo , Collins Jeremy , Knight Bradley , Sarnari Roberto , Davo-Jimenez Maria , Benefield Brandon , Patel Amit , Lee Daniel , Kim Daniel
Published: November 2024

Motivation: Standard ECG-gated breath-held (BH) cine MRI often produces non-diagnostic image quality in CIED patients who have a high burden of arrhythmia. Goal(s): The goal of this study is to produce diagnostic images using a free-breathing real-time cine MRI for those patients. Approach: We proposed a new pulse sequence to meet our goal. Results: Our proposed pulse sequence produced clinically acceptable images and accurate bi-ventricular and functional parameters compared with standard BH cine in patients with a CIED. Impact: Our proposed pulse sequence will be useful for a shorter overall scan time while maintaining a diagnostically acceptable images in all CIED patients.