bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Effect of periodontal treatment on glycated haemoglobin and metabolic syndrome parameters: A randomized clinical trial
Authors: Milanesi Fernanda C. , Greggianin Bruna F. , dos Santos Gabriela O. , Toniazzo Mirian P. , Weidlich Patricia , Gerchman Fernando , Oppermann Rui V.
Published: August 2022

Aim

To assess the effect of periodontal treatment on HbA1c and diagnostic parameters of patients with metabolic syndrome (MetS).

Materials and Methods

One hundred and fifty‐eight patients with MetS and moderate and severe periodontitis were included. They were randomized into a test group (n = 79), which received non‐surgical periodontal treatment, and a control group (n = 79), which received no treatment. Medical treatment was delivered to both groups. Clinical periodontal, anthropometric and serological parameters were assessed at baseline, 3 and 6 months. The main outcome was glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c) levels, and the secondary outcomes were changes in the MetS parameters, C‐reactive protein (CRP) and HOMA indexes.

Results

Significant reductions in all periodontal parameters were observed in the test group, compared with the control group, at 3 and 6 months (p < .001). HbA1c levels, MetS parameters, CRP and HOMA indexes showed no significant differences between the test group and the control group at 3 and 6 months.

Conclusions

Periodontal treatment led to a substantial reduction in periodontal inflammation, although there was no significant effect on the parameters used for MetS diagnosis in patients with early diagnosed and well‐controlled MetS.
Quantifying teleost discards in the shark fisheries of Western Australia
Authors: Braccini Matias , Bartes Saia , Coulson Peter G.
Published: August 2022

Quantifying discards is essential for assessing the impact of fisheries on non‐target species and the ecosystems in which these fisheries operate. In Western Australia (WA), fishers are required only to report catches of retained species. For the currently operating shark fisheries of WA, the authors quantified catch time series of discarded teleosts using data from at‐sea observers collected since 1993. Sixty‐two teleost species were observed in the catch of which 20 were routinely discarded. The most commonly discarded teleosts were western buffalo bream/silver drummer, Kyphosus cornelii/K. sydneyanus, and dusky morwong, Dactylophora nigricans. Annual discards peaked in the 1990s; nonetheless, current discard levels, 36.9 ± 2.1 (S.E.) t year−1, are much lower than the overall annual retained catches (c. 1000 t year−1). The catch time series reconstructed in this study are important inputs for assessing the ecosystem‐based approach used for managing WA's shark fisheries.
Peri‐procedural code status for transcatheter aortic valve replacement: Absence of program policies and standard practices
Authors: Bernacki Gwen M. , Starks Helene , Krishnaswami Ashok , Steiner Jill M. , Allen Matthew B. , Batchelor Wayne B. , Yang Eugene , Wyman Janet , Kirkpatrick James N.
Published: August 2022

Background

Little is known about policies and practices for patients undergoing Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement (TAVR) who have a documented preference for Do Not Resuscitate (DNR) status at time of referral. We investigated how practices across TAVR programs align with goals of care for patients presenting with DNR status.

Methods

Between June and September 2019, we conducted semi‐structured interviews with TAVR coordinators from 52/73 invited programs (71%) in Washington and California (TAVR volume > 100/year:34%; 50–99:36%; 1–50:30%); 2 programs reported no TAVR in 2018. TAVR coordinators described peri‐procedural code status policies and practices and how they accommodate patients' goals of care. We used data from the Society of Thoracic Surgeons/American College of Cardiology Transcatheter Valve Therapy Registry, stratified by programs' DNR practice, to examine differences in program size, patient characteristics and risk status, and outcomes.

Results

Nearly all TAVR programs (48/50: 96%) addressed peri‐procedural code status, yet only 26% had established policies. Temporarily rescinding DNR status until after TAVR was the norm (78%), yet time frames for reinstatement varied (38% <48 h post‐TAVR; 44% 48 h‐to‐discharge; 18% >30 days post‐discharge). For patients with fluctuating code status, no routine practices for discharge documentation were well‐described. No clinically substantial differences by code status practice were noted in Society of Thoracic Surgeons Predicted Risk of Mortality risk score, peri‐procedural or in‐hospital cardiac arrest, or hospice disposition. Six programs maintaining DNR status recognized TAVR as a palliative procedure. Among programs categorically reversing patients' DNR status, the rationale for differing lengths of time to reinstatement reflect divergent views on accountability and reporting requirements.

Conclusions

Marked heterogeneity exists in management of peri‐procedural code status across TAVR programs, including timeframe for reestablishing DNR status post‐procedure. These findings call for standardization of DNR decisions at specific care points (before/during/after TAVR) to ensure consistent alignment with patients' health‐related goals and values.
Advocacy and policy in action: Developing a financial and healthcare safety net for nurses
Authors: Brennan Noreen B. , Gallagher Mary Anne , Elliott Deborah , Michela Nancy , Sellers Kathleen
Published: August 2022

Introduction

The COVID‐19 pandemic has opened a dialogue regarding advocacy and policy changes that need to occur at the federal, state, and local levels to ensure provisions for the financial and healthcare well‐being of nurses. Often nurses struggle as the “breadwinners” in their families caring for multiple generations, thus leading them to live paycheck to paycheck.

Design

A review of current and proposed policy changes. The pandemic demonstrated clearly through governmental executive orders that laws and regulations could be changed more rapidly than the traditional routes, illustrating an ability to enact change in nursing practice. At the federal level, provisions are not made to ensure that nurses who risk their lives during pandemic times are adequately compensated monetarily and through extended healthcare benefits, often provided for police, fire, and other emergency personnel.

Results/Conclusions

Suggestions for new policy and advocacy agendas are proposed based on the gap in coverage noted during and after this pandemic.

Clinical Relevance

COVID‐19 has brought to the forefront gaps in the financial and healthcare safety nets for nurses in the United States. Opportunities exist to inform via advocacy and policy reform at the federal, state, and local governmental agencies regarding the need for extended financial and healthcare provisions for nurses.
Enhanced anti‐wrinkle activity of adlay bran fermented with Lactobacillus brevis MJM60390
Authors: Nguyen Huong Thi , Choi Yun‐Hyeok , Choi Chun Whan , Suh Joo‐Won , Cheng Jinhua
Published: August 2022

Objectives

The aim of this study was to screen the lactic acid bacteria for fermentation of adlay bran and evaluate the anti‐wrinkle effect of fermented and non‐fermented adlay bran.

Methods

Adlay bran was fermented with candidate LAB and extracted with 70% ethanol. The extracts from LAB‐fermented adlay bran and non‐fermented adlay bran were evaluated for the anti‐wrinkle effects by measuring the hyaluronan, collagen, and elastin production in cells using ELISA kit. The molecular anti‐wrinkle mechanism was investigated by RT‐qPCR. Furthermore, the antioxidant activity, total phenolic and flavonoid content were also determined.

Results

Among the tested LAB, Lactobacillus brevis MJM60390 was selected for the highest glycosidase activity. Both extracts from adlay bran (NFAB) and L. brevis MJM60390‐fermented adlay bran (LBFAB) showed anti‐wrinkle effect, and LBFAB showed higher activity. Compared with control, hyaluronan production was increased by 24.73% and 59.38%, collagen production was increased by −13.08% and 34.19%, and the elastin production was increased by 29.78% and 53.73% by NFAB and LBFAB treatment, respectively. Investigation on the mRNA expression showed that LBFAB upregulated the expression of Has 2 and Has 3 and downregulate HYAL1 and HYAL2. LBFAB also upregulated the mRNA expression of COL1A1, COL1A2, ELN and inhibited the expression of collagenase and elastase. However, not all of these genes were regulated by NFAB. Furthermore, the antioxidant activity was significantly increased after fermentation, and the content of the phenolic and flavonoid compounds also increased in the LBFAB.

Conclusions

In this study, we demonstrated that fermentation of adlay bran with L. brevis MJM60390 enhanced the anti‐wrinkle activity through increasing the hyaluronan synthesis in keratinocytes and improving collagen and elastin production in dermal fibroblasts.
To explore the potential molecular mechanism of complex rose–bergamot essential oil on anti‐anxiety with facial spots based on network pharmacology
Authors: Xin Jin , Xu Xu , Qiaoling Ding , Liping Liu , Kunqin Ma , Yiping Zhang
Published: August 2022

Objective

To explore the potential mechanism of complex rose–bergamot essential oil against anxiety accompanied with facial spots through network pharmacology.

Methods

The components of rose and bergamot essential oils were determined by GC–MS and obtained from literature, and their action targets were predicted by PubChem, SwissADME and SwissTargetPrediction databases. Using “Anxiety disorder” and “Facial pigmentation” as keywords, the relevant targets of anxiety disorder and facial spots were mined in the databases of DrugBank, TTD, GeneCards, and OMIM. The intersection targets of complex rose–bergamot essential oil and anxiety accompanied with facial spots diseases were obtained by making Venn diagram, respectively. Protein–protein interaction (PPI), Gene Ontology (GO), and Kyoto Encyclopedia of genes and genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment analysis of intersection targets were carried out through STRING platform, Metascape, and KEGG Mapper databases. The “complex essential oil‐ component‐ target‐ pathway” network was constructed by Cytoscape software. The key active compounds and core targets were docked by AutoDock software.

Results

A total of 34 active components of complex rose–bergamot essential oil and 405 corresponding targets were obtained. The intersection targets of complex essential oil with anxiety disorder and facial spot were 88 and 34, respectively, and the related KEGG pathways were 137 and 123 items, respectively. Neroli acetate, Neroli alcohol, and Linalool in complex rose–bergamot essential oil could play a therapeutic role in anxiety disorder by regulating key targets such as SLC6A4, GRIN2B and DRD2 to participate in the neuroactive ligand‐receptor interaction and serotonergic synapse and other pathways, they also could play a role in the treatment of facial spots by regulating key targets such as EGFR, VEGFA, and PIK3CA in the PI3K‐AKT, JAK–STAT and other signal pathways. The molecular docking between the key compounds and the core targets showed that the binding energy was less than 0 kcal /mol, indicating that the compound and the target could bind stably.

Conclusion

Complex rose–bergamot essential oil can play a role in the treatment of anxiety disorder with facial spots through the synergistic mechanism of multicomponent, multitarget, and multipathway.
Do time preferences explain low health insurance take‐up?
Authors: Baillon Aurélien , O'Donnell Owen , Quimbo Stella , van Wilgenburg Kim
Published: August 2022

Low insurance take‐up in low‐income populations is not easily explained by the standard single‐period expected utility model of insurance that overlooks the relevance of time preference when liquidity is constrained. We design field survey instruments to elicit quasi‐hyperbolic time preferences, as well as prospect theory risk preferences, and use them to examine whether time preferences explain health insurance behavior of low‐income Filipinos. Consistent with theory, those with stronger parameterized time preference are less likely to insure and the partial association is most pronounced at low wealth where liquidity is most likely to be constrained. Among those with better understanding of insurance, lower take‐up is also associated with present bias. We do not find that insurance is significantly associated with risk preferences.
The night before night shift: Chronotype impacts total sleep and rapid eye movement sleep during a strategically delayed sleep
Authors: Reiter Andrew M. , Roach Gregory D. , Sargent Charli
Published: August 2022

Transition to night shift may be improved by strategically delaying the main sleep preceding a first night shift. However, the effects of delayed timing on sleep may differ between chronotypes. Therefore, the study aim was to compare the impacts of chronotype on sleep quality and architecture during a normally timed sleep opportunity and a delayed sleep opportunity. Seventy‐two (36 female, 36 male) healthy adults participated in a laboratory study. Participants were provided with a normally timed sleep opportunity (23:00–08:00) and a delayed sleep opportunity (03:00–12:00) over two consecutive nights in a sleep laboratory. Sleep was monitored by polysomnography (PSG), and chronotype was determined from dim light melatonin onset (DLMO). A tertile split of DLMO defined early (20:24 ± 0:42 h), intermediate (21:31 ± 0:12 h), and late chronotype (22:56 ± 0:54 h) categories. Although there was no main effect of chronotype on any sleep measure, early chronotypes obtained less total sleep with delayed sleep than with normally timed sleep (p = 0.044). Intermediate and late chronotypes obtained more rapid eye movement (REM) sleep with delayed sleep than with normally timed sleep (p = 0.013, p = 0.012 respectively). Wake was more elevated for all chronotypes in the later hours of the delayed sleep opportunity than at the start of the sleep opportunity. Strategically delaying the main sleep preceding a first night shift appears to benefit intermediate and late chronotypes (i.e., more REM sleep), but not early chronotypes (i.e., less total sleep). Circadian processes appear to elevate wakefulness for all chronotypes in the later stages of a delayed sleep opportunity.
A risk assessment model for transfusion transmission of dengue
Authors: Huang Y. , Forshee R.A. , Fares-Gusmao R. , Chancey C. , Rios M. , Anderson S.A. , Yang H.
Published: August 2022

Dengue virus (DENV) is a disease-causing agent normally transmitted from person to person through the bite of an infected mosquito. In addition to mosquito-borne cases of dengue, there are instances of transmission of dengue after receipt of blood products or donor organs or tissue. To improve blood safety, we developed a quantitative risk assessment model to estimate the dengue risk of transmission to blood transfusion recipients from preclinical and subclinical blood donors. We derived predictive coefficients from model simulations for predicting the risk outcomes such as monthly infectious blood units and transfusion-transmitted DENV cases based on the rate of reported clinical cases. The model was validated with a previous study where donor blood samples from the 2012 dengue transmission season in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil were tested for DENV RNA by a transcription-mediated amplification (TMA) assay. In that study, about 69·4% of donations were tested by the TMA assay and 78 samples were found positive, indicating that 112 DENV RNA-positive donations would have been detected if testing screening had been performed on all donations. Our model estimated a mean of 93 (2.5–97.5th%ile: 47–186) infected units among the donations, which was consistent with the reported numbers.
Acclimatory gene expression of primed clams enhances robustness to elevated pCO2
Authors: Gurr Samuel J. , Trigg Shelly A. , Vadopalas Brent , Roberts Steven B. , Putnam Hollie M.
Published: August 2022

Sublethal exposure to environmental challenges may enhance ability to cope with chronic or repeated change, a process known as priming. In a previous study, pre‐exposure to seawater enriched with pCO2 improved growth and reduced antioxidant capacity of juvenile Pacific geoduck Panopea generosa clams, suggesting that transcriptional shifts may drive phenotypic modifications post‐priming. To this end, juvenile clams were sampled and TagSeq gene expression data were analysed after (i) a 110‐day acclimation under ambient (921 μatm, naïve) and moderately elevated pCO2 (2870 μatm, pre‐exposed); then following (ii) a second 7‐day exposure to three pCO2 treatments (ambient: 754 μatm; moderately elevated: 2750 μatm; severely elevated: 4940 μatm), a 7‐day return to ambient pCO2 and a third 7‐day exposure to two pCO2 treatments (ambient: 967 μatm; moderately elevated: 3030 μatm). Pre‐exposed geoducks frontloaded genes for stress and apoptosis/innate immune response, homeostatic processes, protein degradation and transcriptional modifiers. Pre‐exposed geoducks were also responsive to subsequent encounters, with gene sets enriched for mitochondrial recycling and immune defence under elevated pCO2 and energy metabolism and biosynthesis under ambient recovery. In contrast, gene sets with higher expression in naïve clams were enriched for fatty‐acid degradation and glutathione components, suggesting naïve clams could be depleting endogenous fuels, with unsustainable energetic requirements if changes in carbonate chemistry persist. Collectively, our transcriptomic data indicate that pCO2 priming during post‐larval periods could, via gene expression regulation, enhance robustness in bivalves to environmental change. Such priming approaches may be beneficial for aquaculture, as seafood demand intensifies concurrent with increasing climate change in marine systems.
The CLP and PREP protease systems coordinate maturation and degradation of the chloroplast proteome in Arabidopsis thaliana
Authors: Rowland Elden , Kim Jitae , Friso Giulia , Poliakov Anton , Ponnala Lalit , Sun Qi , van Wijk Klaas J.
Published: August 2022

A network of peptidases governs proteostasis in plant chloroplasts and mitochondria. This study reveals strong genetic and functional interactions in Arabidopsis between the chloroplast stromal CLP chaperone‐protease system and the PREP1,2 peptidases, which are dually localized to chloroplast stroma and the mitochondrial matrix.

Higher order mutants defective in CLP or PREP proteins were generated and analyzed by quantitative proteomics and N‐terminal proteomics (terminal amine isotopic labeling of substrates (TAILS)).

Strong synergistic interactions were observed between the CLP protease system (clpr1‐2, clpr2‐1, clpc1‐1, clpt1, clpt2) and both PREP homologs (prep1, prep2) resulting in embryo lethality or growth and developmental phenotypes. Synergistic interactions were observed even when only one of the PREP proteins was lacking, suggesting that PREP1 and PREP2 have divergent substrates. Proteome phenotypes were driven by the loss of CLP protease capacity, with little impact from the PREP peptidases. Chloroplast N‐terminal proteomes showed that many nuclear encoded chloroplast proteins have alternatively processed N‐termini in prep1prep2, clpt1clpt2 and prep1prep2clpt1clpt2.

Loss of chloroplast protease capacity interferes with stromal processing peptidase (SPP) activity due to folding stress and low levels of accumulated cleaved cTP fragments. PREP1,2 proteolysis of cleaved cTPs is complemented by unknown proteases. A model for CLP and PREP activity within a hierarchical chloroplast proteolysis network is proposed.
Biomechanical Evaluation of Transforaminal Lumbar Interbody Fusion with Coflex‐F and Pedicle Screw Fixation: Finite Element Analysis of Static and Vibration Conditions
Authors: Zhu Jia , Shen Hangkai , Cui Yangyang , Fogel Guy R. , Liao Zhenhua , Liu Weiqiang
Published: August 2022

Objective

To investigate the biomechanics of transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion (TLIF) with interspinous process device (IPD) or pedicle screw fixation under both static and vibration conditions by the finite element (FE) method.

Method

A validated FE model of the L1‐5 lumbar spine was used in this study. This FE model derived from computed tomography images of a healthy female adult volunteer of appropriate age. Then the model was modified to simulate L3‐4 TLIF. Four conditions were compared: (i) intact; (ii) TLIF combined with bilateral pedicle screw fixation (BPSF); (iii) TLIF combined with U‐shaped IPD Coflex‐F (CF); and (iv) TLIF combined with unilateral pedicle screw fixation (UPSF). The intact and surgical FE models were analyzed under static and vibration loading conditions respectively. For static loading conditions, four motion modes (flexion, extension, lateral bending, and axial rotation) were simulated. For vibration loading conditions, the dynamic responses of lumbar spine under sinusoidal vertical load were simulated.

Result

Under static loading conditions, compared with intact case, BPSF decreased range of motion (ROM) by 92%, 95%, 89% and 92% in flexion, extension, lateral bending and axial rotation, respectively. While CF decreased ROM by 87%, 90%, 69% and 80%, and UPSF decreased ROM by 84%, 89%, 66% and 82%, respectively. Compared with CF, UPSF increased the endplate stress by 5%–8% in flexion, 7%–10% in extension, 2%–4% in lateral bending, and decreased the endplate stress by 16%–19% in axial rotation. Compared with CF, UPSF increased the cage stress by 9% in flexion, 10% in extension, and decreased the cage stress by 3% in lateral bending, and 13% in axial rotation. BPSF decreased the stress responses of endplates and cage compared with CF and UPSF. Compared BPSF, CF decreased the facet joint force (FJF) by 6%–13%, and UPSF decreased the FJF by 4%–12%. During vibration loading conditions, compared with BPSF, CF reduced maximum values of the FJF by 16%–32%, and vibration amplitudes by 22%–35%, while UPSF reduced maximum values by 20%–40%, and vibration amplitudes by 31%–45%.

Conclusion

Compared with other surgical models, BPSF increased the stability of lumbar spine, and also showed advantages in cage stress and endplate stress. CF showed advantages in IDP and FJF especially during vertical vibration, which may lead to lower risk of adjacent segment degeneration. CF may be an effective alternative to pedicle screw fixation in TLIF procedures.
Optimizing resource allocation in service systems via simulation: A Bayesian formulation
Authors: Chen Weiwei , Gao Siyang , Chen Wenjie , Du Jianzhong
Published: August 2022

The service sector has become increasingly important in today's economy. To meet the rising expectation of high‐quality services, efficiently allocating resources is vital for service systems to balance service qualities with costs. In particular, this paper focuses on a class of resource allocation problems where the service‐level objective and constraints are in the form of probabilistic measures. Further, process complexity and system dynamics in service systems often render their performance evaluation and optimization challenging and relying on simulation models. To this end, we propose a generalized resource allocation model with probabilistic measures, and subsequently, develop an optimal computing budget allocation (OCBA) formulation to select the optimal solution subject to random noises in simulation. The OCBA formulation minimizes the expected opportunity cost that penalizes based on the quality of the selected solution. Further, the formulation takes a Bayesian approach to consider the prior knowledge and potential performance correlations on candidate solutions. Then, the asymptotic optimality conditions of the formulation are derived, and an iterative algorithm is developed accordingly. Numerical experiments and a case study inspired by a real‐world problem in a hospital emergency department demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm for solving the resource allocation problem via simulation.
Innovation contests: attracting new solvers and new high‐quality solutions
Authors: Hu Feng , Huizingh Eelko , Bijmolt Tammo
Published: August 2022

This study extends research on online innovation contests by focusing on the process of an innovation contest. The authors propose that the decision of a solver to join a contest and the likelihood that a solver will submit a high‐quality solution are functions of the current number of solvers in a contest and of the current number of high‐quality solutions. The hypotheses are tested in an empirical analysis using a unique data set of 1351 online innovation contests for graphic design projects. The study finds that solvers joining a contest and solvers submitting high‐quality solutions are two dynamic and interacting processes that impact the outcomes of an innovation contest. More specifically, the results reveal that (1) a solver is less likely to join a contest that already has many solvers, and many high‐quality solutions; (2) a solver is more likely to submit a high‐quality solution in a contest if the contest has already many solvers or the focal solver has already submitted one or more high‐quality solutions; (3) a solver is less likely to submit a high‐quality solution if the contest already has many high‐quality solutions developed by others. Organizers of online innovation contests need to understand these complex relationships when they manage contests and aim to improve contest performance. This article details the implications of these findings for the theory and practice of innovation contests.
Enhancing trainee clinical scientists' self‐regulated learning in the workplace
Authors: Smith Megan , Buckley Sharon , Davison Ian
Published: August 2022

Background

Trainee health professionals must be competent self‐regulated learners, particularly when learning in busy, unpredictable clinical settings. Whilst research indicates self‐regulated learning (SRL) is influenced both by learners' individual actions and their interactions with others, how these combine to foster SRL requires further exploration. We have used Zimmerman's learner‐focused SRL model and the situative perspective of communities of practice (CoPs) to investigate how UK trainee clinical scientists regulate their learning. Our aims were to develop a holistic understanding of SRL in the clinical workplace incorporating both individual and social aspects and to suggest ways of maximising learning for trainee clinical scientists and other health professionals.

Methods

Semi‐structured interviews were conducted with 13 trainees on the Scientist Training Programme. Transcripts were analysed both inductively and deductively (abductively) using Zimmerman's model and CoPs to explore how trainees regulate their learning.

Results

Thematic analysis yielded four themes: approach to learning, engagement and execution of tasks in practice; self‐reflection and reaction; and autonomy and role construction. Themes linked concepts from Zimmerman's model and CoPs, as illustrated by our trainee–workplace congruence model. Our model suggests optimal conditions for SRL, and we highlight the importance of trainers in supporting trainee development.

Conclusions

Our trainee–workplace congruence model links concepts from Zimmerman's model and CoPs to provide a framework for understanding how trainee clinical scientists regulate their learning and navigate its social aspects. Whilst trainees must take responsibility for their learning, trainers can facilitate SRL through attention to trainee‐workplace ‘fit’ and encouraging trainee participation in communities of practice.
Traffic volume prediction for scenic spots based on multi‐source and heterogeneous data
Authors: Gao Yuan , Chiang Yao‐Yi , Zhang Xiaoxi , Zhang Min
Published: August 2022

Traffic prediction for scenic spots is an important topic in modeling an urban traffic system. Existing traffic prediction approaches typically use raw traffic data and road networks without considering the physical environment and human–environment interaction. This article presents a novel traffic prediction model that considers: (1) the topological structure of the city road network; (2) the popularity and accessibility of each scenic spot in the city; and (3) the traffic volumes of nearby scenic spots. The proposed model first learns a series of traffic dependency graphs by the Multi‐graph Convolutional Network using multiple data sources describing historical traffic volumes, scenic spots popularity, land function, location, and accessibility. The graph nodes represent the scenic spots, and the links between them represent their traffic dependency, considering all traffic and geographic features. Then the proposed model uses the Gated Recurrent Unit (GRU) to capture the temporal dependency between multiple fused graphs for traffic volume prediction. The experiments show that the proposed model (M‐GCNGRU) can effectively exploit and integrate geographic data with historical traffic data for traffic volume prediction, outperforming several classical and state‐of‐the‐art methods.
Novel study on the prevalence of Trichinella spiralis in farmed American minks (Neovison vison) associated with exposure to wild rats (Rattus norvegicus) in China
Authors: Zhang Nian‐Zhang , Li Wen‐Hui , Yu Hai‐Jie , Liu Yin‐Ju , Qin Hong‐Tao , Jia Wan‐Zhong , Fu Bao‐Quan
Published: August 2022

Minks and brown rats are reservoir hosts for many endoparasites including those of the genus Trichinella, a group of parasite nematodes with a worldwide distribution. However, little is known about the prevalence of Trichinella sp. infection in the American mink (Neovison vison) and rats (Rattus norvegicus) in China. Therefore, we aimed to examine the prevalence of Trichinella sp. infection in farmed minks in Weihai city, Shandong province, China and infer the possible route for Trichinella transmission to farmed American minks. In total, 289 muscle samples from minks and 102 carcasses of rats were collected from Weihai City. The appearance of Trichinella sp. was examined using the pooled artificial HCl‐pepsin digestion method. The results showed that muscle larvae were detected in 20 of 289 minks (6.92%) and 2 of 102 synanthropic rats (1.96%). The larval density of Trichinella sp. in mink samples ranged from 0.025 to 0.815 larvae per gram (lpg), while the average larval burden in rats was 0.17 lpg. The isolates derived from minks and rats were identified at the species level using multiplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR), which revealed that the size of the two PCR products matched that of T. spiralis at 173 bp. Furthermore, sequence analysis showed 100% identity of the 5S rDNA inter‐gene spacer regions of the two isolates to that of T. spiralis. This study presents a novel report of T. spiralis‐mediated infection in minks and synanthropic rats in China. We highlight the vulnerability of farmed minks to Trichinella infection through exposure to synanthropic rats, which may raise a public health concern of potential zoonotic risks for domestic animals.
From Bayreuth to Burkina Faso
Authors: Hegenbart Sarah
Published: August 2022

Opera Village, a participatory art experiment by the late German multimedia artist Christoph Schlingensief, serves as a testing ground for a critical interrogation of Richard Wagner’s notion of the Gesamtkunstwerk. Sarah Hegenbart traces the path from Wagner’s introduction of the Gesamtkunstwerk in Bayreuth to Schlingensief’s attempt to charge the idea of the total artwork with new meaning by transposing it to the West African country Burkina Faso. Schlingensief developed Opera Village in collaboration with the world-renowned architect Francis Kéré. This final project of Schlingensief is inspired by and illuminates the diverse themes that informed his artistic practice, including coming to terms with the German past, anti-Semitism, critical race theory, and questions of postcolonial (self-)criticism. From Bayreuth to Burkina Faso introduces the notion of the postcolonial Gesamtkunstwerk to disrupt the Eurocentric perspective on art history, exploring how the socio-political force of a postcolonial Gesamtkunstwerk could affect processes of transcultural identity construction. It reveals how Schlingensief translocated the Wagnerian concept to Burkina Faso to address German colonial history and engage with it from the perspective of multidirectional memory cultures.
Integración turística en centros históricos: adaptaciones de uso por tipo de vialidad
Authors: Cruz-Ramírez Luis Carlos
Published: August 2022

El objetivo de este artículo es explicar la relación que existe entre el cambio de uso de los edificios, de habitacional a turístico, según la vialidad donde se encuentren localizados en un centro histórico. Se tomó como objeto de estudio un conjunto de edificios localizados en el centro histórico de la ciudad de Granada, Nicaragua. Los datos fueron obtenidos por medio de observación directa, en recorridos realizados en vialidades principales. Para conocer la relación que existe entre el cambio de uso y el tipo de vialidad, se realizaron análisis probabilísticos según la naturaleza de los datos. Se encontró que sí existe una relación entre los equipamientos turísticos y las vialidades; asimismo, que la mayor frecuencia de modificaciones tiene lugar por servicios gastronómicos. Este estudio se puede replicar en centros históricos latinoamericanos de trazas regulares con incidencia turística y tiene implicaciones en el conocimiento de los efectos del turismo en el patrimonio construido.
An Analysis of Transient Response Moments of a Linear System Subjected to Non-Gaussian Random Excitation Using Higher-Order Autocorrelation Functions of Excitation
Authors: Fukushima Hideto , Tsuchida Takahiro
Published: August 2022

We present the analytical solutions of the second-, third-, and fourth-order response moments of a single-degree-of-freedom linear system subjected to a class of non-Gaussian random excitation. The non-Gaussian excitation is a zero-mean stationary stochastic process prescribed by an arbitrary probability density and a power spectrum whose peak is located at zero frequency. The excitation is described by an Itô stochastic differential equation in which the drift and diffusion coefficients are determined from the probability density and spectral density of the excitation. In order to obtain the analytical solutions of the response moments, first, we derive the third- and fourth-order autocorrelation functions of the non-Gaussian excitation using its Markov and detailed balance properties. The third-order correlation function is given by the same expression regardless of the difference in the probability density function of the excitation. On the other hand, the fourth-order correlation function is derived under the assumption that the excitation probability density belongs to the Pearson distribution family, which is one of the widest classes of probability distributions. Then, combining the autocorrelation functions of the excitation and the convolution representation of the response, we obtain the exact solutions of the response moments, and it is shown what kind of components the response moments are composed of. Finally, we investigate the dominant time-varying components of the response moments for several different excitation bandwidths.
Walkable auralizations for experiential learning in an immersive classroom
Authors: Chabot Samuel , Braasch Jonas
Published: August 2022

This paper proposes an experiential method for learning acoustics and consequences of room design through the rapid creation of audio-visual congruent walkable auralizations. An efficient method produces auralizations of acoustical landmarks using a two-dimensional ray-tracing algorithm and publicly available floor plans for a 128-channel wave-field synthesis system. Late reverberation parameters are calculated using additional volumetric data. Congruent visuals are produced using a web-based interface accessible via personal devices, which automatically formats for and transmits to the immersive display. Massive user-contributed online databases are harnessed through application programming interfaces, such as those offered by the Google Maps Platform, to provide near-instant access to innumerable locations. The approach allows the rapid sonic recreation of historical concert venues with adequate sound sources. Listeners can walk through these recreations over an extended user area (12 m × 10 m).
Global importance of Indigenous Peoples, their lands, and knowledge systems for saving the world’s primates from extinction
Authors: Estrada Alejandro , Garber Paul A. , Gouveia Sidney , Fernández-Llamazares Álvaro , Ascensão Fernando , Fuentes Agustin , Garnett Stephen T. , Shaffer Christopher , Bicca-Marques Júlio , Fa Julia E. , Hockings Kimberley , Shanee Sam , Johnson Steig , Shepard Glenn H. , Shanee Noga , Golden Christopher D. , Cárdenas-Navarrete Anaid , Levey Dallas R. , Boonratana Ramesh , Dobrovolski Ricardo , Chaudhary Abhishek , Ratsimbazafy Jonah , Supriatna Jatna , Kone Inza , Volampeno Sylviane
Published: August 2022

Primates, represented by 521 species, are distributed across 91 countries primarily in the Neotropic, Afrotropic, and Indo-Malayan realms. Primates inhabit a wide range of habitats and play critical roles in sustaining healthy ecosystems that benefit human and nonhuman communities. Approximately 68% of primate species are threatened with extinction because of global pressures to convert their habitats for agricultural production and the extraction of natural resources. Here, we review the scientific literature and conduct a spatial analysis to assess the significance of Indigenous Peoples’ lands in safeguarding primate biodiversity. We found that Indigenous Peoples’ lands account for 30% of the primate range, and 71% of primate species inhabit these lands. As their range on these lands increases, primate species are less likely to be classified as threatened or have declining populations. Safeguarding Indigenous Peoples’ lands, languages, and cultures represents our greatest chance to prevent the extinction of the world’s primates.
3D printing of nanowrinkled architectures via laser direct assembly
Authors: Fan Xuhao , Deng Chunsan , Gao Hui , Jiao Binzhang , Liu Yuncheng , Chen Fayu , Deng Leimin , Xiong Wei
Published: August 2022

Structural wrinkles in nature have been widely imitated to enhance the surface functionalities of objects, especially three-dimensional (3D) architectured wrinkles, holding promise for emerging applications in mechanical, electrical, and biological processes. However, the fabrication of user-defined 3D nanowrinkled architectures is a long-pending challenge. Here, we propose a bottom-up laser direct assembly strategy to fabricate multidimensional nanowrinkled architectures in a single-material one-step process. Through the introduction of laser-induced thermal transition into a 3D nanoprinting process for leading the point-by-point nanoscale wrinkling and the self-organization of wrinkle structures, we have demonstrated the program-controlled and on-demand fabrication of multidimensional nanowrinkled structures. Moreover, the precise control of wrinkle morphology with an optimal wavelength of 40 nanometers and the regulation of the dynamic transformation of wrinkled cellular microstructures via interfacial stress mismatch engineering have been achieved. This study provides a universal protocol for constructing nearly arbitrary nanowrinkled architectures and facilitates a new paradigm in nanostructure manufacturing.
Disruption of the circadian clock drives
Apc
loss of heterozygosity to accelerate colorectal cancer
Authors: Chun Sung Kook , Fortin Bridget M. , Fellows Rachel C. , Habowski Amber N. , Verlande Amandine , Song Wei A. , Mahieu Alisa L. , Lefebvre Austin E. Y. T. , Sterrenberg Jason N. , Velez Leandro M. , Digman Michelle A. , Edwards Robert A. , Pannunzio Nicholas R. , Seldin Marcus M. , Waterman Marian L. , Masri Selma
Published: August 2022

An alarming rise in young onset colorectal cancer (CRC) has been reported; however, the underlying molecular mechanism remains undefined. Suspected risk factors of young onset CRC include environmental aspects, such as lifestyle and dietary factors, which are known to affect the circadian clock. We find that both genetic disruption and environmental disruption of the circadian clock accelerate
Apc-
driven CRC pathogenesis in vivo. Using an intestinal organoid model, we demonstrate that clock disruption promotes transformation by driving
Apc
loss of heterozygosity, which hyperactivates Wnt signaling. This up-regulates
c-Myc
, a known Wnt target, which drives heightened glycolytic metabolism. Using patient-derived organoids, we show that circadian rhythms are lost in human tumors. Last, we identify that variance between core clock and Wnt pathway genes significantly predicts the survival of patients with CRC. Overall, our findings demonstrate a previously unidentified mechanistic link between clock disruption and CRC, which has important implications for young onset cancer prevention.
LINE-1
RNA causes heterochromatin erosion and is a target for amelioration of senescent phenotypes in progeroid syndromes
Authors: Della Valle Francesco , Reddy Pradeep , Yamamoto Mako , Liu Peng , Saera-Vila Alfonso , Bensaddek Dalila , Zhang Huoming , Prieto Martinez Javier , Abassi Leila , Celii Mirko , Ocampo Alejandro , Nuñez Delicado Estrella , Mangiavacchi Arianna , Aiese Cigliano Riccardo , Rodriguez Esteban Concepcion , Horvath Steve , Izpisua Belmonte Juan Carlos , Orlando Valerio
Published: August 2022

Constitutive heterochromatin is responsible for genome repression of DNA enriched in repetitive sequences, telomeres, and centromeres. During physiological and pathological premature aging, heterochromatin homeostasis is profoundly compromised. Here, we showed that
LINE-1
(
Long Interspersed Nuclear Element-1; L1
) RNA accumulation was an early event in both typical and atypical human progeroid syndromes.
L1
RNA negatively regulated the enzymatic activity of the histone-lysine
N
-methyltransferase SUV39H1 (suppression of variegation 3-9 homolog 1), resulting in heterochromatin loss and onset of senescent phenotypes in vitro. Depletion of
L1
RNA in dermal fibroblast cells from patients with different progeroid syndromes using specific antisense oligonucleotides (ASOs) restored heterochromatin histone 3 lysine 9 and histone 3 lysine 27 trimethylation marks, reversed DNA methylation age, and counteracted the expression of senescence-associated secretory phenotype genes such as
p16
,
p21
,
activating transcription factor 3
(
ATF3
),
matrix metallopeptidase 13
(
MMP13
),
interleukin 1a
(
IL1a
),
BTG anti-proliferation factor 2
(
BTG2
), and
growth arrest and DNA damage inducible beta
(
GADD45b
). Moreover, systemic delivery of ASOs rescued the histophysiology of tissues and increased the life span of a Hutchinson-Gilford progeria syndrome mouse model. Transcriptional profiling of human and mouse samples after
L1
RNA depletion demonstrated that pathways associated with nuclear chromatin organization, cell proliferation, and transcription regulation were enriched. Similarly, pathways associated with aging, inflammatory response, innate immune response, and DNA damage were down-regulated. Our results highlight the role of
L1
RNA in heterochromatin homeostasis in progeroid syndromes and identify a possible therapeutic approach to treat premature aging and related syndromes.
Rapid ResaCeftazidime-Avibactam
Enterobacterales
NP Test: Rapid Detection of Ceftazidime-Avibactam Susceptibility in
Enterobacterales
Authors: Feng Luozhu , Zhao Yining , Yao Zhuocheng , Zhang Xiaodong , Zheng Shufang , Chen Lijiang , Zhang Ying , Wang Lingbo , Zhou Tieli , Cao Jianming
Published: August 2022

Ceftazidime-avibactam (CZA), a novel β-lactam/β-lactamase inhibitor combination, has good antibacterial activity against carbapenem-resistant
Enterobacterales
(CRE) producing class A and C and some class D carbapenemases, but in recent years, the emergence of CZA-resistant
Enterobacterales
bacteria is growing. Therefore, rapid, accurate, and timely detection of CZA is necessary for clinical anti-infection treatment.
Oncolytic Avian Reovirus p17-Modulated Inhibition of mTORC1 by Enhancement of Endogenous mTORC1 Inhibitors Binding to mTORC1 To Disrupt Its Assembly and Accumulation on Lysosomes
Authors: Li Jyun-Yi , Huang Wei-Ru , Liao Tsai-Ling , Nielsen Brent L. , Liu Hung-Jen
Published: August 2022

The mechanisms by which p17-modulated inhibition of mTORC1 induces autophagy and translation shutoff is elucidated. In this work, we determined that p17 serves as a negative regulator of mTORC1.
Draft Genome Sequence of the Nonmotile
Tremellomycetes
Yeast Naganishia albida, Isolated from Aircraft
Authors: Wagner Dominique N. , Varaljay Vanessa A. , Lyon Wanda J. , Crouch Audra L. , Drake Carrie A. , Allex-Buckner Clayton , Biffinger Justin C. , Kelley-Loughnane Nancy , Crookes-Goodson Wendy J.
Published: August 2022

The
Basidiomycota
yeast
Naganishia albida
strain 5307AI was isolated from an aircraft polymer-coated surface. The genome size is 20,642,279 bp, with a G+C content of 53.99%. The genome contains fatty acid transporters, cutinases, hydroxylases, and lipases that are likely used for survival on polymer coatings on aircraft.
Complete Genome Sequence of Staphylococcus edaphicus Strain CCM 8731
Authors: Rimmer Callum O. , Thomas Jonathan C.
Published: August 2022

Here, we present the complete genome sequence of
Staphylococcus edaphicus
strain CCM 8731, which was originally isolated from Ross Island, Antarctica. The 2,749,487-bp sequence contains 2,709 predicted genes, with a G+C content of 33.4%. The complete genome was assembled using a hybrid approach with Oxford Nanopore Technologies long-read sequencing and Illumina short-read sequencing.
Description of a Rare Pyomelanin-Producing Carbapenem-Resistant Acinetobacter baumannii Strain Coharboring Chromosomal OXA-23 and NDM-1
Authors: Zhao Feng , Liu Haiyang , Yao Yue , Zhang Linghong , Zhou Zhihui , Leptihn Sebastian , Yu Yunsong , Hua Xiaoting , Fu Ying
Published: August 2022

Pyomelanin production is a quite rare phenotype in
A. baumannii
. Moreover, the mechanisms leading to the pyomelanin production was still unclear.
Genome of
Pythium myriotylum
Uncovers an Extensive Arsenal of Virulence-Related Genes among the Broad-Host-Range Necrotrophic
Pythium
Plant Pathogens
Authors: Daly Paul , Zhou Dongmei , Shen Danyu , Chen Yifan , Xue Taiqiang , Chen Siqiao , Zhang Qimeng , Zhang Jinfeng , McGowan Jamie , Cai Feng , Pang Guan , Wang Nan , Sheikh Taha Majid Mahmood , Deng Sheng , Li Jingjing , Soykam Hüseyin Okan , Kara Irem , Fitzpatrick David A. , Druzhinina Irina S. , Bayram Akcapinar Günseli , Wei Lihui
Published: August 2022

Pythium
species are oomycetes, an evolutionarily distinct group of filamentous fungus-like stramenopiles. The
Pythium
genus includes several pathogens of important crop species, e.g., the spice ginger.
Efficient and Scalable Process to Produce Novel and Highly Bioactive Purified Cytosolic Crystals from Bacillus thuringiensis
Authors: Chicca Jeffrey , Cazeault Nicholas R. , Rus Florentina , Abraham Ambily , Garceau Carli , Li Hanchen , Atwa Samar M. , Flanagan Kelly , Soto Ernesto R. , Morrison Mary S. , Gazzola David , Hu Yan , Liu David R. , Nielsen Martin K. , Urban Joseph F. , Ostroff Gary R. , Aroian Raffi V.
Published: August 2022

Bacillus thuringiensis
crystal proteins are widely and safely used as insecticides. Recent studies have shown they also can cure gastrointestinal parasitic worm (nematode) infections when ingested.
Arabinosyltransferase C Mediates Multiple Drugs Intrinsic Resistance by Altering Cell Envelope Permeability in Mycobacterium abscessus
Authors: Wang Shuai , Cai Xiaoyin , Yu Wei , Zeng Sheng , Zhang Jingran , Guo Lingmin , Gao Yamin , Lu Zhili , Hameed H. M. Adnan , Fang Cuiting , Tian Xirong , Yusuf Buhari , Chhotaray Chiranjibi , Alam M. D. Shah , Zhang Buchang , Ge Honghua , Maslov Dmitry A. , Cook Gregory M. , Peng Jiacong , Lin Yongping , Zhong Nanshan , Zhang Guoliang , Zhang Tianyu
Published: August 2022

Mycobacterium abscessus
is intrinsically resistant to most antibiotics, and treatment of its infections is highly challenging. The mechanisms of its intrinsic resistance remain not fully understood.
Supplemental Material: Orogenic belt resulting from ocean-continent collision
Authors: Zhao Jun-Hong , al. et
Published: August 2022

Isotope data and physical parameters. 