bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Butyrophiline: Verwandte der B7-Familie, γδ-T-Zellrezeptorliganden und vieles mehr
Authors: Herrmann Thomas
Published: July 2021

Butyrophiline (BTN) sind Verwandte der als Immunmodulatoren bekannten B7-Molekülfamilie (z. B. CD80, PD-L1). Sie steuern die Entwicklung und Aktivierung von γδ-T-Zellen. Manche ihrer Mitglieder binden direkt an γδ-T-Zellantigenrezeptoren (γδTZR), andere aber auch an intrazelluläre Liganden wie die Phosphoantigene (PAg), die als Metabolite in Tumorzellen oder infizierten Zellen angereichert werden. Diese PAg-anreichernden Zellen werden schließlich von PAg-reaktiven γδ-T-Zellen (Vγ9Vδ2-T-Zellen) erkannt und eliminiert. Der Beitrag von BTN zur Aktivierung und Homöostase von γδ-T-Zellen wie auch deren immunmodulatorische Wirkung auf andere Zelltypen lenken den Fokus von Grundlagenimmunologie und immuntherapeutischer Forschung zunehmend auf die BTN als wichtigen Forschungsschwerpunkt.
The Influence of Situational Leadership, Work Environment, Competence, and Motivation on Employee Job Satisfaction at the National Library of Indonesia
Authors:   Master of Management student Universitas Mercu Buana, Jakarta Indonesia, Putra Prisla Yanuardi Tulus
Published: July 2021

This study aims to determine the effect of situational leadership, work environment, competence, and motivation on employee satisfaction at the National Library. The research population is the National Library employees who work in the Deputy for Library Material Development and Information Services, with a total sample of 195 people. The design of this research is quantitative research with a data analysis method using multiple linear regression. The results of the study state that situational leadership has a positive and significant effect on employee job satisfaction, the work environment has a positive and significant impact on employee job satisfaction, competence has a positive and significant impact on employee job satisfaction, and motivation has a positive and significant impact on employee job satisfaction. Situational leadership, work environment, competence and motivation together have a positive and significant effect on employee job satisfaction.
Vulnerability of Gender Based Physical Spousal Domestic Violence in Benue State, Nigeria
Authors:   Department of Geography, Benue State University, Makurdi, Nigeria, Kwanga Godwin
Published: July 2021

The study accessed the vulnerability of gender based physical spousal domestic violence in Benue State, Nigeria. The study adopted the secondary data from the Nigeria Demographic and Health Survey (NDHS) (2018), conducted by National Population Commission and analysed using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 20. Information's sorted were categorized, summarized and presented in exploratory formats, frequency tables and charts. The results revealed that (77.4%) of the respondents had experienced physical violence of different forms. The study also revealed the perceived spouse's reasons for physical violence which include suspected infidelity (18.4%) womanizing by husband (18.4%) disobedience (15.3%) husband taking alcohol (9.3%), poverty (9.1%) and inability to give birth (suspected infertility) 23 (9.1%). The finding further revealed that many women were ever slapped by their husbands (16.4%) while some were threw something at (8.4%), some were kicked and dragged by their husbands, some were beaten (16.1%) while others (19.7%) were pushed and shook. However, only a few (2.9%) were threatened or attacked with a weapon. The study also found that (61.3%) of the married women who experienced spousal physical violence in the area equally sustained different forms of injuries which include: cuts/ bruises (40.9%), eye injuries (23.1%), dislocations/fracture (12.4%), deep wounds (14.5%) and broken teeth (4.3%). The study finally established that women who experienced spousal physical violence seek and have help from their own family (71%), their husband’s family (21%) and religious leader (8%). The study recommended gender based violence awareness campaigns and legal protection of women in the state to protect the right of women and reduce the vulnerability of physical violence against women in the area.
University Branding: Student Perspectives in Private University in Indonesia
Authors:   Economic and Business Faculty, Universitas Muhammadiyah Purwokerto, Indonesia, Haryanto Totok
Published: July 2021

This research aimed to identify and analyze the the phenomenon of the perspective of student towards the university branding, especially in private university in Indonesia. There are 376 students in Indonesia tested as the participant of this study. Path analysis and Sobel tests were used to test the proposed hypothesis and the intervening variable which mediate the influence of independent variable towards the dependent variable. The results of the research show that partially utilitarian value has a significant effect towards brand relationship quality, hedonic value has a significant effect towards brand relationship quality, and relational value has a significant effect towards brand relationship quality. Then in other side, the utilitarian value has a significant effect towards brand resonance, relational value has a significant effect towards brand resonance, brand relationship quality has a significant effect towards brand resonance. On contrary, brand relationship quality had no significant influence as intervening variable in mediating utilitarian value, hedonic value, and relational value towards brand resonance.
An Accounting History of Credit Money
Authors:   CEMI-EHESS 214 boulevard Raspail Paris, 75014, Izoulet Maxime
Published: July 2021

This article seeks to demonstrate that the invention of double-entry accounting, during the 13th and 14th centuries in the cities of northern Italy, was at the origin of the emergence of our monetary system: the credit money system. By showing the limits of the monetary histories that currently exist, this article shows that these limits are the consequence of a theoretical unthought: that of the different dimensions of money. It then shows that this problem is particularly well defined by double-entry accounting, which explains its decisive historical importance for the history of money.
State of Mental Health of Caregivers on the Frontline during the Covid 19 Pandemic in Medical College and Tertiary Care Centers of Maharashtra
Authors:   Department of Psychiatry of Rajiv Gandhi Medical College and Chatrapati Shivaji Maharaj Hospital, Kalwa, India, Mital Anu Kant , Patil Alkesh ,   Department of Psychiatry of Rajiv Gandhi Medical College and Chatrapati Shivaji Maharaj Hospital, Kalwa, India, Joshi Mrudula ,   Department of Psychiatry of Rajiv Gandhi Medical College and Chatrapati Shivaji Maharaj Hospital, Kalwa, India
Published: July 2021

Healthcare workers have been under immense pressure during COVID 19 pandemic. The novelty of the disease, absence of vaccine, transmission pattern of infection, unpredictable and uncertain nature of infection, unprepared healthcare services were additional factors contributing to the stress of high number of infected cases. These factors can cause significant disturbance in state of mental health of caregivers on the frontline who have direct exposure to infected patients as well as suspected with infected and quarantined individuals. The aim of the study was to evaluate the prevalence of Depression, Anxiety, Stress and Post-Traumatic Stress Symptoms experienced by healthcare workers on frontline in Mumbai and Thane, Maharashtra, India in the midst of outbreak which are the most affected cities of the Nation
Treating COVID-19 with Chinese Medicine in UK
Authors:   hulan College of Chinese Medicine, UK, Tang Shulan
Published: July 2021

The author has been using Chinese herbal medicine to treat people via video call consultations through the pandemic, with good success. She has carefully observed, analysed, classified and summarized the symptoms. She had highlighted that the covid virus does not only affect the function of the lung, but also affects the function of the spleen, heat, liver and Kidney. She has mainly seen the following four types of disease: Suspected Covid-19, Covid-19 mild case, Post virus syndromes and Covid-19 related stress syndrome. She has created treatment principles and selected suitable prescriptions for each Zhuang Fu system, according to the different symptoms and differentiations; giving great guidance to clinical practice and study
Association Between Dietary Practices and Acne in Young Adults; A Review
Authors:   University Institute of Diet and Nutritional Sciences, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, University of Lahore, Pakistan, Aslam Maria , Younas Maryam ,   University Institute of Diet and Nutritional Sciences, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, University of Lahore, Pakistan
Published: July 2021

Acne being one of the skin condition that is not deadly but is affecting emotionally and psychologically. Many factors contribute in causing acne and leading it towards severity. Diet is considered as one of the important factor in making acne severe. Foods that are high in glycemic index are thought to aggregate acne severity. Fried items, sugary beverages, pastries etc are considered as food items that may cause acne. Where as many non-diet related factors such as family history, self-hygiene, environmental factors are also held responsible for causing acne. Where unhealthy eating habits promotes acne, healthy diet such as low glycemic index foods, fish consumption, omega 3 fatty acids etc. helps to reduce acne severity and also diet rich in anti-inflammatory foods helps to reduce redness and inflamed pimples.
The Value of Intangibles for Decision Analysis under the Influence of a Pandemic
Authors:   Professor Emeritus, University of Rhode, Island, Jarrett Jeffrey E
Published: July 2021

The abandonment option under various capital budgeting models are discussed in this manuscript to bring forth the notion that present value of cash flows is often improperly estimated in the financial models utilized in the decision analytic process. In this study, intellectual property rights and other intangible assets often are often not considered in accounting estimation processes utilized in financial accounting. A decision maker often utilizes misestimates of the present value of cash flow resulting in less-than-optimum capital budgeting decisions. Decisions to abandon for salvage and other similar decisions improve when the present value of intangibles and property rights are included in the decision process. This last statement is the goal of this study as well as to present well-founded processes to improve abandonment and similar decisions in capital budgeting decisions. The estimation problem in financial accounting is included in the analysis to accomplish this goal. In addition the role of a Pandemic is emphasized
Economic Impact of Health Intervention by Telemedicine during Covid 19 Pandemic at Nicaragua, June – July 2020
Authors:   Head and Neck surgeon, Independent Research Team, Managua, Nicaragua, Medrano Francisco , Castro Patricia ,   Epidemiologist, Managua, Nicaragua, Vásquez Jose Antonio ,   Gynecologist and Obstetrics, Managua, Nicaragua, Gámez Américo ,   Pediatrician and Neonatologist, Managua, Nicaragua, Pérez Anely ,   Dermatologist Cosmiatra, Managua, Nicaragua, Palacios Luis Del ,   Psychiatrist, Managua, Nicaragua, Williams Jenny Meza ,   Gynecologist and Obstetrics, Managua, Nicaragua, Mendoza Angela ,   Pediatrician Estelí, Nicaragua
Published: July 2021

SARS-CoV-2 its infectious diseases was named coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) by the World Health Organization (WHO) a really pandemic. The first report on prevalence of SARS-Cov2 at Nicaragua, showed the first cases March 2020 and during the months of June and July began exponential growth period. The telemedicine can provide rapid access, efficient and immediately available person. This approach has been explored most fully in the context of Covid 19 stroke. The estimates of intervention costs are really challenge, particularly for low- and middle-income countries. Create a health strategy during a health emergency with the lowest cost investment but great population health impact are the primary objective. The gold of this study is decide the economic impact, through of the cost benefit of medical advice through mobile phone during the COVID-19 pandemia , as health strategy at Nicaragua
Demand Side Management and Its Impact on the Gambia Energy Sector
Authors:   Department of Management Sciences – School of Business and Public Administration, University of the Gambia, Gambia, Manneh Musa , Yaffa Sidat ,   Dean, School of Agriculture and Environmental Sciences, University of the Gambia, Gambia
Published: July 2021

Demand Side Management (DSM) in electricity market is a tool that can improved energy efficiency as well as achieve socio-economic and environmental targets through controlled consumption. For the past two decade or more, DSM programs have registered significant results for many countries. However, detailed analysis of its real impact as observed by a large number of pilot studies suggest that such programs need to be fine-tuned to suit clearly identified energy mix conditions in different countries. This article aims to provide recommendations for the policy instruments to be used for prompt demand response with a view to maximizing energy and environmental efficiencies of The Gambia. This article suggests a DSM pilot model program that can be used in the generation mix of the country. Beside the natural increase electricity access benefits from IPPs and cross border interconnection, DSM’s fully implementation will improve the flexibility and reliability of the Gambia energy system. In recent years, we show fast increase demand for electricity access but a slow response in meeting generation capacity, simple DSM tools can be used to solve this ordeal
The Role of Manufacturing Sector in Economic Diversification of Nigeria (1986-2016)
Authors:   Department of Economic and Development Studies, Faculty of Social Sciences, Nana Musa Ize , Richard kyarem N ,   Department of Economic and Development Studies, Faculty of Social Sciences, Zulaihatu Zubair A ,   Department of Economic and Development Studies, Faculty of Social Sciences
Published: July 2021

It is widely accepted that an effective manufacturing sector serve as perfect tool for export diversification in developing countries. Therefore, this study investigated the role of manufacturing sector on economic diversification in Nigeria from the period of 1986-2016. In order to achieve the objective of the study, ARDL technique was employed to establish long-run relationship between diversification proxy by Theil index decomposed into Theil Total (TT), Theil Between (TB) and Theil Within (TW) and Manufacturing sector which was proxy by Manufacturing Capacity Utilization(MCU) and Manufacturing Value Added (MVA) controlled by Gross Fixed Capital Formation (GFCF), Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) and Real Effective Exchange Rate (REER). The result revealed that long-run relationship exist among the estimated variables in the three models. MCU, MVA and GFCF promote total diversification and horizontal diversification in the long-run but the coefficients of MCU and MVA are insignificant. On the other hand, only Foreign direct investment and real effective exchange rate promote vertical diversification. The study recommended protection of infant industries, local sourcing of raw materials for production, Government programs that encourage competition among manufacturers in Nigeria and improved infrastructural development in order to enhance the productivity of the manufacturing sector in Nigeria that will position it for global competitiveness
Effect of Cash Transfers on Household Consumption amongst the Vulnerable Population in Awendo Sub-County
Authors:   Department of Business Administration, School of Business and Economics, Maseno University, Kenya, Indiya Donald , Otieno Oloo Willis ,   Department of Business Administration, School of Business and Economics, Maseno University, Kenya, Alphonce Odondo ,   Department of Business Administration, School of Business and Economics, Maseno University, Kenya, Donald Gulali ,   Department of Business Administration, School of Business and Economics, Maseno University, Kenya, Frankline Odayo ,   Department of Business Administration, School of Business and Economics, Maseno University, Kenya
Published: July 2021

Despite the national cash transfer programme, poverty rate among the Kenyan population is still high at a prevalence rate of 48.9% in 2016 up from 45% in 2008. In Kenya, poverty prevalence is disproportionately spread across the 47 counties and sub-counties. In Awendo sub-county, poverty prevalence rate is 49.8 % in 2018 which is higher than the national figure prompting this empirical study. The purpose of this study was to analyze the effects of cash transfer on consumption among vulnerable households in Awendo Sub-County. The study was anchored on the Life Cycle hypothesis of consumption and savings, the study used a correlational design to aid the determination of relationship and association between cash transfers and status of household consumption. Using stratified sampling method, a total of 390 respondents were selected. However, the response rate was 98.7 %. Cronbach’s alpha coefficient was estimated to test for reliability and the value was 0.782 which was greater than the threshold of 0.7. The study used multiple linear regression models which indicated that, there is a positive significant effect of cash transfer on consumption (α1=0.060;p=0.046). In conclusion; cash transfer is an important factor determining levels of consumption of the vulnerable population in Awendo Sub-County. The study recommends for policy to enhance allocations among the vulnerable population in Awendo and Kenya in general. The study provides empirical evidence on the current body of knowledge for researchers and policy makers
Depression and Associated Factors Among Refugees Amidst Covid-19 in Nakivale Refugee Camp in Uganda
Authors:   Department of Psychiatry, Lira University, Uganda, Amir Kabunga , Lucas Anyayo ,   Department of Psychiatry, Lira University, Uganda
Published: July 2021

The COVID-19 pandemic and health measures to prevent it have unprecedented effects on the mental health of the refugees. However, the situation of refugees in developing countries is unclear. Thus, this study estimated the prevalence of and associated demographic factors during the COVID-19 pandemic. The study employed a cross-sectional survey carried out in June 2020 in which 146 adult refugees from Nakivale settlement camp were randomly selected to fill out a questionnaires-demographics and PHQ9. Results revealed that the majority of respondents were female (53%) and 47% had a depressive disorder. There was no statistical relationship between demographics (gender, age, and marital status) and depressive disorders. In Conclusion, findings indicate that depressive disorders are prevalent among refugees in the Nakivale settlement and it is important to identify refugees affected mentally and given proper treatment
Effect of COVID-19 Lockdown on Patients with Multiple Sclerosis: an Italian Survey
Authors:   Department of Human Neurosciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Altieri Marta , Fratino Mariangela ,   Department of Human Neurosciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Pauri Flavia ,   Department of Medical Surgical Science and Biotechnology, Sapienza University of Rome, Conte Antonella ,   IRCCS Neuromed, Pozzilli (IS) Italy, Frontoni Marco ,   Department of Human Neurosciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Merluzzo Chiara ,   Department of Human Neurosciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Crisafulli Sebastiano Giuseppe ,   Department of Human Neurosciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Piero Vittorio Di ,   Department of Human Neurosciences, Sapienza University of Rome
Published: July 2021

Background: Italy was one of the first affected countries by coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. Public health measures like quarantine or national lockdown were adopted, with negative psychological and clinical effects on patients with chronic diseases. To investigate the impact of lockdown on patients with multiple sclerosis (MS), we developed a 36 items self-report questionnaire. Methods: Questionnaires were emailed to 120 patients with MS and 100 with chronic migraine (CM) as a control group, matched for age, sex, and education. The questionnaire was divided into five domains, evaluating concerns about 1) MS and therapy during COVID-19 pandemic, 2) personal and family caregiving, 3) working activities, 4) general and disease-related emotions during the lockdown, 5) future expectations concerning health status, social life, and working activity. Results: patients with MS had higher scores than those with CM in domains 4 and 5, investigating respectively general and disease-related emotions and future expectations (p= 0.05 and 0.02 respectively). About half of the patients with MS expressed some concern about the need to continue their therapy during the pandemic compared to people with CM (p= 0.0002). Conclusions: Covid-19 pandemic had a more negative impact on psychological status of patients with MS compared with those with CM
Healing Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder & Traumatic Brain Injury
Authors:   The Consciousness Architect, Certified Clinical Hypnotherapist/Counsellor, Sinclair Janine Regan
Published: July 2021

Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) is a silent psychological wound and is a major problem for veterans and active servicemen and women alike. The sufferer battles with a sense of identity loss that can leave them angry, depressed, emotionally imbalanced and often empty inside. With an average of 20 veterans committing suicide daily, there is room for improvement in the way treatment is offered to them [1]. In a digital world, we need to move with the times and offer digital therapy, so easy to access that victims need only pick up their cell phone to help themselves. Conventional treatment methods focus on the mind-body connection, which is only a part of the solution; a critical factor in healing PTSD is the damage caused to the human spirit or psyche, which is described in this paper as ‘soul fragmentation’. This is where the saying ‘beside myself ’ comes from, as victims often feel a sense of disassociation or feeling like they are disorientated in some way even though they are still functioning; therefore a new approach needs to be taken if we are to recover the victim’s missing identity. This paper explains a new treatment for Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder and Traumatic Brain Injury, incorporating the new science on the block, ‘The Science of Consciousness’. The system includes a four-step Post-Traumatic Growth program that combines a combination of techniques, referred to as ‘Crystal Ki Healing’, the brainchild of Janine Regan-Sinclair – The Consciousness Architect. This article illustrates how a set of digital audio programs are a simple cost-effective solution and a 21st Century approach to treating Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) and Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI)
Prevalece of Hepatitis A Virus in Libian Children
Authors:   Assistant Professor, Tripoli University, Faculty of Medicine, Tripoli, Libya, Sehari Aisha Areaby , Ayad Ashraf M ,   Consultant Pediatrician, Damanhur Teaching Hospital, Egypt
Published: July 2021

Hepatitis A virus (HAV) is the most hepatotropic. This virus is responsible for the most forms of acute and benign hepatitis although fulminant hepatic failure can occur in 1% more often in adults. It is a member of Picornaviridae famil, it is a heat stable and has limited host range. The incidence of infection by Hepatitis A virus shows regional variation being highest in developing countries. Determination of age specific Hepatitis A virus (HAV) seroprevalence and the associated risk factors would help better plan for national preventive strategies including vaccination. We carried out a cross-sectional study on 315 children from Tripoli and Gharian cities in Libya during the years 2018-2020. The age range of the patients was 1-18 years and were from different socioeconomic status (SES) families.....attending teaching hospitals casualty seeking medical help and checkup. The indicators of SES included employment status, residence, number of family members, source of drinking water and social status. Serum samples were collected and investigated for HAV antibodies. The data were statistically analyzed. HAV antibodies were positive in 113 patients (36%) Males were 161(53%) while Females were 154 (49%). HAV antibodies was significantly higher among children of low SES,60 % by the age of 18 years compared to children of high SES, 35% by the same age. Crowded household and parental education were significantly associated with high seropositivity and seronegativity respectively. There is significant rate of seronegativity amongst the studied population especially those from richer backgrounds making them more susceptible to severe infection in future with concomitant complications. We propose that revision of national vaccination program should be considered to include Hepatitis A vaccination
Clinical Biochemistry Impact of Glycated Albumin as a Potential Biomarker in Diabetes
Authors:   Department of Lab Medicine and Medical Microbiology,Omar Al-Mukhtar University, faculty of Medical Technology, Box 919, Al-Bayda, Libya, Bahnasy Hossam B
Published: July 2021

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a metabolic chronic disease that represents a high global incidence rate. Glycated hemoglobin (HbA1C) is the long - term glucose reference test it appears to be associated with chronic diabetes complications, (Hb A1C) is not recommended for use in clinical situations that may interfere with metabolism of hemoglobin, as in hemolytic anemia, secondary or iron deficiency, hemoglobinopathies, pregnancy, and uremia.Glycated albumin (GA) is ashort term blood sugar test that is not affected by cases that incorrectly change A1c leveles.GA is the top part of glucose of fructosamine. It is meashured by the standard enzyme methodology, easy and fast performance.These Laboratory properties have ensured the spotlight on GA in studies from the past decade,as asign of monitoring and screening for diabetes as well as predicting long –term outcomes of the disease . The aim of this review was to discuss the physiological and biochemistry characteristics of the GA, as well as its clinical utility in DM.
Effective microbial bioremediation via the multi-omics approach: An overview of trends, problems and prospects
Authors: Yunusa, Y.R.  , Umar, Z.D.
Published: July 2021

Techno-industrial advancements the world over had led to the generation of hazardous environmental pollutants. Microbial bioremediation offers the best alternative for the removal of these pollutants. The most recent advancements in microbial bioremediation were catalyzed by the advent of various tools that enable the study microbes at levels of sophisticated detail, including genome analysis tools (genomics), protocols for analyzing expressed proteins and enzymes or proteomes (proteomics), techniques of analyzing ribonucleic acids (RNAs) transcriptomes (transcriptomics), and tools for analyzing metabolic end products/metabolomes (metabolomics). The twenty first century is witnessing an outpour of developments in the application of omics approaches in effective microbial bioremediation, thus, this paper attempts to review some of the most significant insights gained from relatively recent studies over a period of two decades (2000-2020) in the applications of multi-OMICS in microbial bioremediation, including trends and cutting-edge researches. We aim to highlight, particularly, the challenges that need to be overcome before OMICs approaches are successfully enshrined in microbial bioremediation, especially in developing countries. The strategies for overcoming such challenges, and the prospects achieved were also outlined. In the coming years, we envision further researches involving the application of multi-OMICs approach in microbial bioremediation potentially revolutionizing this field, opening up research avenues, and leading to improvements in bioremediation of polluted environment.
Methods for assessing the need for health financing: international experience (analytical review)
Authors: Potapchik Elena G.
Published: July 2021

There has been an active discussion on estimating the need for public funding of the domestic health system. An analysis of international experience can be helpful to determine methodological approaches to estimate the market for government spending on the Russian health system. Aim. To systemize and summarize approaches and methods used in international practice to estimate the need for health financing; to highlight the most important factors dictating the need for additional funding. Material and methods. A systematic search with the developed protocol for publications, a comprehensive analysis and systematization of the obtained information. The protocol included databases of peer-reviewed publications, search terms, and search restrictions. The search for publications was carried out in the databases of Embase, Pubmed, Medline, Global Health, etc., on the websites of international organizations (World Health Organization (WHO), Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD), etc.). The search strategy included a combination of the terms “free text” and “Medical subject heading”, which refer to the definition of the need for health financing. The main limitations of the search were the language of publications (English and Russian) and the date of publication (not earlier than 2000). Results. Of the two used in international practice approaches to estimate the need for health financing, a system based on the use of the current level of funding and its forecasting under several factors is used in developed countries. Forecasting health expenditures is one of the most effective tools to identify critical factors affecting needs for sector financing. Despite the variety of indicators and methods used, most studies agree that non-demographic factors, such as GDP growth and technology development, influence health spending growth to the greatest extent. Demographic factors per se, including population ageing, affect health spending growth to a lesser extent. Conclusion. Conducting scenario forecasts contributes to a better understanding of what can happen in the future if the government does not act. This also contributes to a more clear determining of the main spheres for government interventions in the health sector.
LIXO OU OPORTUNIDADE? O CASO DA COLETA SELETIVA DE RESÍDUOS SÓLIDOS
Authors: Becker Marcio , Bertolini Geysler Rogis Flor , Berghauser Neron Alípio Cortes , Wrasse Carlos Laércio , Kotz Jair
Published: July 2021

Este trabalho aborda o caso da Cooperativa de Catadores do Município de Santa Helena, noEstado do Paraná e o seu contexto. O propósito do trabalho é demonstrar a sequência deacontecimentos e os processos pela qual a cooperativa passou até a fase atual, explicitar as fasesessenciais para o enraizamento e crescimento do projeto e associar o caso à possibilidade de criaçãode uma rede com outras cooperativas de catadores de municípios da região. Os instrumentosmetodológicos utilizados foram de observação direta e entrevista não estruturada, além da análisedocumental e histórica. As conclusões mostraram uma linha de tempo claramente caracterizada poracontecimentos marcantes dentro da cooperativa, ligados a fatos históricos de extrema dedicação dosseus membros e profunda parceria com o poder público local e outros agentes fomentadores, comojustificativa para o sucesso e referência deste projeto. Além disso, o trabalho sugere, a partir dosresultados, a criação de uma rede entre as cooperativas localizadas nos municípios da região.
МЕТОД УТИЛИЗАЦИИ СТЕКЛЯННОГО БОЯ В ПРОИЗВОДСТВЕ БЕТОНА
Authors: Корх Александра , Сопов Виктор
Published: July 2021

Досліджено проблему утилізації скляного бою і визначена її масштабність на території України. Проведено аналіз літературних джерел, виявлено можливість застосування скляних відходів для виготовлення бетонів. Показано, що обмеженість використання скла як заповнювача обумовлена розширенням бетону в результаті реакції лугів з кремнеземом. Розглянуто можливі шляхи вирішення проблеми. Зроблено висновок про потенціал застосування даного виду відходів у виробництві декоративних бетонів
Entrenamiento de la técnica de lanzamiento en jugadores de boccia con parálisis cerebral
Authors:   Facultad de Enfermería. PUCE. Ecuador, SOSA Stepanie M. , REINA Luis E. ,   Área de rehabilitación Física del centro de salud de las Fuerzas Armadas. ESPE. Ecuador, MACAS Jessica N. ,   Departamento administrativo de logística del ejército. ESPE. Ecuador
Published: July 2021

El juego de Boccia en Ecuador desde el 2014 ha obtenido resultados satisfactorios en diferentes competencias internacionales. El presente estudio es una investigación bibliográfica, que analizó los efectos de un programa de entrenamiento en la técnica de lanzamiento en el deporte paraolímpico del Boccia. Participaron 7 deportistas paraolímpicos con parálisis cerebral de las categorías BC1 Y BC2, entre 15 a 33 años, pertenecientes a la selección ecuatoriana de Boccia. Al finalizar el entrenamiento existió un cambio estadísticamente significativo (p=0,025).
O Programa de Apoio a Planos de Reestruturação e Expansão das universidades federais (REUNI) e o combate da evasão: revisão narrativa
Authors:   Universidade Tecnológica Federal do Paraná. Brasil, SANTOS Cidmar O. , PILATTI Luiz A. ,   Universidade Tecnológica Federal do Paraná. Brasil
Published: July 2021

O presente estudo tem como objetivo conhecer o estado da arte do Programa Reuni e, no interior do Programa, os resultados alcançados com a premissa combate à evasão nas universidades federais brasileiras. Trata-se estudo de natureza bibliográfica. Foram identificadas na SciELO, a existência de 22 pesquisas que foram incluídas no estudo. A busca foi ampliada para a Biblioteca Digital Brasileira de Teses e Dissertações (BDTD), na qual foram localizados dois estudos que também foram incluídos. Conclui-se que, no Programa Reuni, o combate à evasão fracassou.
Burnout in the disaster response workforce: The impact of work roles and the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Merlo, PhD Kelsey L. , Conen, BA Katrina M. , Scott, MPH Blake , Jones, MA Kayla , Dunn, MPH, CPH Elizabeth A. , Marshall, PhD Jennifer
Published: July 2021

The coronavirus-2019 (COVID-19) pandemic cor­responded with a record-breaking year for billion-dollar disasters. While the pandemic swept across the United States, the country also experienced a record-setting hurricane season on the East Coast and an unprecedented wildfire season on the West Coast. These co-occurring threats have placed unprecedented strain on our disaster response workforce with poten­tial long-term implications for turnover and disaster response efficacy. In this paper, we draw from the Job Demands-Resources model to address the influence of workers’ role stressors and community infection rates during the COVID-19 pandemic and job burnout and turnover in the disaster response workforce.
MECANISMOS ENZIMÁTICOS E GENÉTICOS DO CARCINOMA UROTELIAL
Authors: Manzoli Isabela Reis , Soares Diego Bezerra , Domingues Lohraine Talia , Neto Paulo Schumann , Lima Mariana Kely Diniz Gomes De
Published: July 2021

Introdução: O carcinoma é caracterizado como um tumor maligno epitelial ou glandular que invade tecidos adjacentes, originando processos metastáticos. Esse processo carcinogênico pode ser decorrente de uma modificação proteica por meio da acetilação da enzima N-terminal acetiltransferase (NAT) que atuam na diferenciação das células internas do trato urinário, favorecendo o surgimento do carcinoma de células de transição, também conhecido como carcinoma urotelial. Nesse contexto, essa neoplasia é considerada, em nível mundial, o nono tipo mais incidente com cerca de 430 mil novos casos por ano. Objetivos: Devido a elevada prevalência do câncer de bexiga (CB), nota-se um risco três vezes maior para os homens em comparação com as mulheres, faz-se necessário mais estudos que esclareçam o papel da NAT e sua relação com a carcinogênese do CB. Diante disso, foi levantada a seguinte problemática: “Quais os mecanismos de ação da enzima N-terminal acetiltransferase na diferenciação das células que corroboram o aparecimento do processo carcinogênico? ”. Materiais e Métodos: A pesquisa consiste em uma revisão de literatura retrospectiva, com intuito de elucidar os aspectos enzimáticos e genéticos associados ao câncer de bexiga, devido a sua interação com a NAT. Para tanto, utilizou-se as bases de dados Scielo, Pubmed e Instituto Nacional de Câncer (INCA). Resultados: A partir dessa análise foi possível observar que o processo carcinogênico é decorrente dos mecanismos enzimáticos e genéticos que atuam na acetilação lenta da NAT, afetando as interações proteicas localizadas na região do genoma, que influenciam a desregulação dos proto-oncogenes na manutenção do controle dinâmico da diferenciação das células. Conclusão: Por meio desse estudo, nota-se o papel da variação genética no metabolismo carcinogênico, a partir da atuação da NAT na interação com o DNA e suscetibilidade do hospedeiro na regulação do ciclo celular. Ademais, a presença desses aspectos contribui para o desenvolvimento do câncer de bexiga.
A Review Of Wound Dressings – Biodegradable Materials
Authors:   Department of Chemistry, CMR Institute of Technology, Bengaluru- 560037, India., M Dr. Manjunatha , Srinivasan Vani ,   Department of Chemistry, Mount Carmel College, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India.
Published: July 2021

Wound dressing is one of the main external effectors during the healing process of wounds. Wound healing process recruits three different phases: inflammation, proliferation, and maturation. The main characteristics of the ideal wound dressing material is: control the moisture around wound, enable great transmission of gases, eliminate excess exudates, protect wound from infections and microorganisms, decrease surface necrosis of wound and have mechanical protection. There are currently many types of wound dressing biodegradable materials available in the market. Inspite of the wide selection, there is no universally superior dressing, which prompts healthcare providers to choose materials that are most suitable to each particular case. Modern dressings have evolved to encompass an expansive array of biodegradable films and foams, hydrofibers, hydrogels, hydrocolloids, and alginates. Recent studies have investigated new technologies such as electrospun biopolymer nanofibers to create sprayable dressings while also exploring new roles for traditional materials such as honey and other non-synthetic derivatives. This review provides an overview of various types of wound dressings, suggested uses and recent advancements in it. In addition, development of wound dressing biodegradable materials is the main objective of this paper which will provide general information on future wound dressing biodegradable materials.
Residential Load Management System using IoT
Authors:   HBKCE-Bengaluru, Karnataka, India., Tabassum Zahira , D Akash ,   HBKCE-Bengaluru, Karnataka, India., J Bavaji ,   HBKCE-Bengaluru, Karnataka, India., R Desha ,   HBKCE-Bengaluru, Karnataka, India., Kumar Anil ,   HBKCE-Bengaluru, Karnataka, India.
Published: July 2021

In the recent years the technological growth is observed at a higher pace and as the technology evolves the dependency of human on technology also increases and as the result the number of appliances or devices per household increases. The increase in the number of appliances in a household contribute a major share in increasing the demand for electricity during the peak hours at a residential level. The conventional method of meeting the demand by generating power or setting up of new generating plants is one of non-feasible method and it impacts the many factors such as cost, pollution, losses etc. One of the possible solutions for the control of demand is by Demand Side Management. The paper proposes a implementation of a Demand Side Management for Residential Users using IoT.
Examining citizens’ trust in local government institutions: a focus on upazila parishads (sub-district councils) in Bangladesh
Authors: Khan Niaz Ahmed , Jannatul Ferdous  , Bhuiyan Md Imran Hossain
Published: July 2021

Against a backdrop of strikingly limited research on the subject, this article examines citizens’ trust in upazila parishads (UzPs) – a historically significant form of local government institution (LGI) in Bangladesh. A set of indicators has been developed that help to evaluate citizens’ trust in these LGIs. Alongside secondary literature and official document reviews, a mixed-method approach was adopted for empirical data collection combining quantitative (a questionnaire targeting a cross-section of service recipients) and qualitative ( key informant interviews with LGI service providers) methods. The results revealed a poor level of citizen trust in UzPs, as the majority of respondents expressed dissatisfaction with their performance. This low level of citizens’ trust was attributable to such reasons as delays in service delivery, dishonest and unfair practices, and disrespectful treatment by service providers. From a ‘supply-side’ perspective, service providers mentioned many constraints to good performance including the challenge of meeting growing demand with inadequate resources, frequent staff transfers, limited scope for training on modern technologies, and pressure and interference from influential elites.
Caracterização de zonas climáticas locais na cidade de Santa Maria - Rio Grande do Sul
Authors: Zambonato Bruna , Lima Kananda Fernandes de Sousa , Lehr Paula Maronesi , Serafin de Albernard Renata , Grigoletti Giane De Campos
Published: July 2021

O clima urbano é composto por um mosaico de microclimas que, numa escala local, influenciam de maneiras diferentes as variáveis temperatura, umidade do ar, ventos, dentre outras. O estudo buscou contribuir para o entendimento e caracterização do clima urbano, sob os efeitos da urbanização, para a cidade de Santa Maria, RS. O método utilizou a classificação de zonas climáticas locais (ZCL) e foi composto pela definição das áreas de estudo, levantamento das variáveis de ocupação urbana, e caracterização das áreas quanto a ocupação urbana e densidade construída. Foram definidas quatro áreas de estudo, com padrões de ocupação urbana distintos. Os resultados demonstraram variação significativa das características analisadas nas áreas. A densidade construída mostra que a cidade de Santa Maria ainda não possui uma verticalização acentuada. Como previsto, há relação direta entre a proporção de vegetação e edificações: zonas com maior superfície vegetal apresentaram menor porcentagem de edificações. Os resultados apontam a importância do planejamento urbano, sendo a área de menor densidade construída (33,19%) em loteamento residencial planejado, afastado do centro. Espera-se que os resultados auxiliem na classificação das ZCL, para maior entendimento dos efeitos das Ilhas de Calor e proposição de estratégias que melhorem as condições climáticas urbanas.
Alterações no Ciclo Hidrológico Local - Estudo de Caso: Avenida Saldanha Marinho, Pelotas, RS
Authors: Kurtz Liara , Castro Andréa Souza , Leandro Diuliana
Published: July 2021

A maioria das cidades desenvolveu-se em torno de corpos d’água. Em Pelotas, a população cresceu ao redor do arroio Pelotas e do canal São Gonçalo e se expandiu em direção ao arroio Santa Bárbara, depredando suas margens e impermeabilizando o solo local. Para sanar o problema, o arroio foi desviado para fora da área urbana e seu antigo leito, aterrado. Mas, atualmente, a região da Av. Saldanha Marinho, onde passava o antigo leito, sofre alagamentos, cujos motivos foram estudados neste trabalho, por meio de análise hidrológica da área contribuinte ao local. Os resultados evidenciaram baixos níveis de altitude na região, solos mal drenados e uma grande parte da superfície impermeabilizada, dificultando a infiltração das águas pluviais. Como solução, sugeriu-se instalar um dispositivo de drenagem na localidade, para este fim, foram reunidas algumas características hidrológicas da área contribuinte à seção de interesse, possibilitando posterior estudo de viabilidade hidrológica e hidráulica do empreendimento. Outras soluções, como as medidas de controle na fonte, também podem ser implantadas, reduzindo alagamentos em Pelotas e em outras cidades, tornando os ambientes mais saudáveis e com maior qualidade de vida à população.
Avaliação de conflitos pela posse de terras em São Félix do Xingu - Pará: abordagem à luz dos princípios de Ostrom e cenários de cobertura do solo
Authors: Costa de Brito Higor , Sasaki Jessica Kaori , Ribeiro Márcia Maria Rios
Published: July 2021

A posse da terra no Brasil envolve mecanismos incertos e controversos. Com intuito de subsidiar a análise e resolução de conflitos agrários, este estudo utiliza-se dos trabalhos de Ostrom (Princípios Institucionais) com o objetivo de verificar o sistema de governança do município de São Félix do Xingu, localizado na porção sul do estado do Pará, sinalizando potenciais danos ambientais através de técnicas baseadas na Teoria dos Jogos. Após a identificação e caracterização dos fatores mais relevantes no conflito ambiental, técnicas de sensoriamento remoto aliadas à Teoria dos Jogos foram utilizadas para modelagem de cenários de cobertura do solo na região. A análise dos princípios de Ostrom mostra que esses se encontram ausentes ou parcialmente presentes no caso estudado, uma vez que estão dispostos na legislação. Na prática, entretanto, há dificuldades na aplicação, no monitoramento e cumprimento. Avaliando os sistemas de governança, percebe-se que o arcabouço legal é bem estruturado, apresentando diversas leis e órgãos gestores. No entanto, existe uma falta de integração entre os órgãos públicos, que acarreta incompatibilidades na própria legislação. Os cenários de cobertura do solo modelados na pesquisa destacam a incompatibilidade dos resultados com o Plano Diretor Municipal e com o Código Florestal, onde limites privados regulamentados ferem as diretrizes legais estabelecidas.
Cartografia da vulnerabilidade socioambiental da área urbana do município de Abreu e Lima-PE
Authors: Duarte Cristiana Coutinho , Nóbrega João Vitor De Arruda
Published: July 2021

A área urbana do município de Abreu e Lima, localizado na Região Metropolitana do Recife (RMR), Pernambuco, é um exemplo da não equidade na distribuição dos proventos sociais, produzindo em alguns grupos da população situações de vulnerabilidade. Diante disso, o objetivo deste trabalho foi desenvolver um mapeamento e análise da vulnerabilidade socioambiental na área urbana desse município, utilizando técnicas básicas de fotointerpretação e geoprocessamento. Foram, então, realizados mapeamentos das unidades homogêneas de uso e de padrões de ocupação urbana e dos indicadores socioeconômicos e ambientais advindos de dados do censo demográfico do IBGE do ano de 2010, agregados por setor censitário (renda média mensal, responsáveis por domicílio alfabetizados, moradores por domicílio, domicílios com abastecimento de água da rede geral, domicílios com esgoto a céu aberto e domicílios com lixo coletado). Posteriormente, os mapas foram reclassificados para os grupos de vulnerabilidade: baixa (1), média (2), alta (3) e muito alta (4) e integrados em ambiente de Sistema de Informações Geográficas. Os resultados indicaram que no geral o mapa segue a realidade observável das localidades, e que as áreas com déficit de infraestrutura estão principalmente fixadas em sítios com alta susceptibilidade ambiental (margens de rios e encostas).