bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Binding of Hg(I) and Hg(II) to amyloid-beta (Aβ) peptide variants: effects on structure and aggregation
Authors: Berntsson Elina , Noormägi Andra , Padari Kärt , Jarvet Jüri , Gräslund Astrid , Palumaa Peep , Wärmländer Sebastian
Published: January 2025

Mercury (Hg) exposure is a possible risk factor for Alzheimer´s disease (AD), and some studies have found higher Hg levels in AD patients. Yet, the evidence is inconclusive, and a mechanism linking Hg exposure to AD neuropathology remains to be found. The hallmark of AD brains is deposits of insoluble amyloid plaques consisting mainly of aggregated amyloid-β (Aβ) peptides.
Here, we use transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and biophysical spectroscopy techniques to study in vitro interactions between inorganic Hg and the pathologically relevant Aβ(1-40) and Aβ(4-40) variants and the Aβ(1-40)(H6A, H13A, H14A) mutant. For the first time, the effect on Aβ aggregation of both Hg(I) and Hg(II) is compared.
Hg(II) binds to Aβ(1-40) with an apparent binding affinity of 28±8 µM. The N-terminal His6, His13 and His14 residues are involved in binding coordination. Hg(II) binding induces structural alterations (coil-coil interactions) in Aβ monomers positioned in membrane-mimicking SDS micelles. Equimolar amounts of either Hg(I) or Hg(II) inhibit normal Aβ fibrillation by directing the aggregation process towards formation of large amorphous aggregates. All these structural rearrangements may be relevant for the harmful Aβ aggregation processes involved in AD brain pathology. Inducing protein misfolding and aggregation might be a general toxic mechanism of mercury.
Klimaaktivismus und Strafverfahren
Authors: Botschek Julika
Published: January 2025

Dieser Beitrag untersucht die Strategien von Klimaaktivistinnen und Klimaaktivisten, mit denen sie die Strafverfahren, welchen sie aufgrund ihrer Protestaktionen ausgesetzt sind, nutzen, um ihr Anliegen voranzutreiben. Auf einer ersten Ebene werden vier Wirkdimensionen herausgearbeitet: Das Erzeugen von öffentlicher Aufmerksamkeit und Teilhabe am politischen und öffentlichen Diskurs, das Anstoßen von Rechtsdiskurs und Rechtsfortbildung, die (moralische) Legitimation ihrer Taten sowie die Mobilisierung neuer Mitglieder und die Solidarisierung sowohl innerhalb der Bewegung als auch durch die Öffentlichkeit. Mit dem Vorwurf des Rechtsmissbrauchs und der Demokratisierung des Strafverfahrens werden dann die Chancen und Risiken dieses Vorgehens benannt.
Historicism and Debate on the Status of Science: From Philosophy to the New History of Psychology
Authors:   St. Petersburg State University, Vlasova Olga A.
Published: January 2025

The paper analyzes historicist discussions in philosophy and psychology in the 1990s-2020s. The development of the critical history of psychology as the field of understanding the science past and as a discussion platform for the exchange of positions on its modernity is reconstructed. The dispute between K. Danziger and D. Robinson as a typical case in this field is consistently analyzed. Danziger’s argumentation, his interpretation of psychological categories, interpretation of the positivist historiographic foundations of science are revealed. The author problematizes the model of historicism, within which Danziger forms his criticism, and its components: the rejection of the linearity of history and the continuity of the object, criticism of positivist historiography, orientation towards a socially oriented institutional history. Robinson’s debatable position is studied: problematization of the categories «influence», «continuity», «modernity», the appeal to the problem of interpretation of ancient sources, emphasizing the significance of the repetition of problems in history. It is shown what the problems of psychology as a science dispute absorbs, what lines on the development of the philosophy of science are placed. The latest assessments of the Danziger-Robinson discussion, as well as related debates on the history and philosophy of psychology, are reviewed. The author demonstrates that psychology often raises problems in the philosophy of history, the sociology of knowledge, and science. Following the history, philosophy, philology, it begins to problematize its subject, language, turns to practice, in which its facts the names and history are revealed. The author concludes that in this discussion field, psychology cultivates self-consciousness, raises the problem of its identification as a science or philosophy, practice or theory.
Peacekeeping and the Concept of Peacebuilding
Authors:   St. Petersburg Mining University, Nagaichuk Andrei F. , Abgadshava Daur A. ,   St. Petersburg State University, Musaev Abdurashid I. ,   St. Petersburg State University
Published: January 2025

The problems of war and peace, reconciliation of the warring parties, and the prevention of dangerous and large–scale forms of conflict resistance in the modern world are of concern to everyone: scholars, politicians, and the public. International institutions and organizations, states, public associations, and individual citizens are engaged in solving issues related to peacekeeping activities. Therefore, peacemaking is becoming an extensive and not only structured and institutionalized activity. A systematic interdisciplinary approach to peacemaking and peacebuilding is poorly represented in modern conflictology. This study is aimed at solving this problem. The article examines the main directions of peacekeeping activities, as well as peacebuilding from the standpoint of the conflictological paradigm. The analysis uses complex (interdisciplinary) conflictological methods (institutional and technological analysis), as well as general theoretical and applied research methods: search analysis and synthesis, generalization, document analysis, classification, and moderation. As a result, an analytical conflictological model of peacemaking and peacebuilding as a socio-political technology is proposed. It is the basic idea of peacebuilding that defines both the essence of the technology itself and the social consequences to which it leads in the mechanism of its reproduction, rooting certain forms of social interaction aimed at maintaining peace instead of the conflict
paradigm of relations.
(Re)interpreting the Soviet Project
Authors:   Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration, Malakhov Vladimir S. , Letnyakov Denis E. ,   Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration
Published: January 2025

Many scholars who reflect on the Soviet project tend to perceive it in ethnic terms. They interpret it either as “non-Russian” (emphasizing the disproportionate share of ethnic minorities among the revolutionaries) or as a continuation of the traditions of Russian imperialism and messianism (in which case Bolshevism is seen as a project imposed by the Russian center on the non-Russian periphery). The authors intend to prove the analytical unproductivity of both approaches. To do this, we address the ideological attitudes of the Bolsheviks, the structure of the Soviet cultural and symbolic space, as well as Soviet national policy over the course of seven decades. As part of the study, the Soviet era was conditionally divided into three periods: the empire of “affirmative action” (according to T. Martin), Stalin’s “Russo-centrism” (according to D. Brandenberger), and late Soviet “multiculturalism”. During the first period, the communist project appears as universal, cosmopolitan, and, therefore, by definition, superethnic. During the second period, the emphasis shifts from internationalism to “Russiancentric” Soviet patriotism. Nevertheless, central authorities continue to see the Soviet people as “multinational”, and, most importantly, the entire population of the country, regardless of ethnicity, is considered as material for forging a “new person” of the communist era. Finally, at the third stage (thaw/perestroika), we can talk about the formation of a Soviet culture that crosses ethno-national borders. Thus, it was shown that both approaches discussed in the article do not capture the specifics of the Soviet project and ignore the degree of radicalism of the historical turning point caused by the events of October 1917.
Hermann Cohen and Jewish Religious Education
Authors:   RUDN University, Belov Vladimir N. , Perepechina Alexandra S. ,   RUDN University
Published: January 2025

The eminent philosopher and Jewish intellectual Hermann Cohen (1842–1918) lived his life in accordance with the principles and ideas he developed in his philosophical and religious thought. His work fell during the German Empire, a difficult historical era for Jewish society, when anti-Semitism and immature liberalism were gaining ground. In the history of Jewish philosophy, Cohen’s writings stand out as systematized and rationally grounded. The article presents a range of biographical facts that had a direct influence on the religious and philosophical views of the founder of the Marburg school of neo-Kantianism. In his philosophy of religion, Cohen sharply criticizes both Zionism and anti-Semitism, which are extremely harmful for understanding the ideas of true Judaism. Anti-Semitism, in his view, blocks the possibility of a synthesis of Jewish religion and German culture, and Cohen sees in Zionism a dangerous attempt to downplay the role of the ethical core of the Jewish religion and to reduce its significance to a narrowly national and state-centred one. Hermann Cohen’s philosophy of religion is characterized as an attempt to synthesize Kantianism and Judaism and as a necessary part of his philosophical system, giving it the specificity that largely determines the originality of Cohen’s philosophical position both in relation to Kantian philosophy and to neo Kantianism in general. It is noted that the Marburg philosopher was an important thinker in the Jewish community of his time, a well-known supporter of Judaism, and the problem of Jewish religious education was by no means marginal or private for him.
Studying the impact of climate change on spatiotemporal variability of blue and green water resources
Authors: Saadatpour Motahareh , Kamali Fardin
Published: January 2025

Nowadays, the focal point of water resources planning and management in the river basin scale, especially in the arid/semi-arid regions, is aimed at enhancing the efficient utilization of water resources. Therefore, knowledge on the spatiotemporal variations of water resources concerning blue water (BW) and green water (GW) indicators under climate change scenarios is inevitable. The present research was conducted to study the interaction of climate variability on the BW and GW components in the Seymareh River Basin (SRB), Iran, with the aid of the Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT). Future climate scenarios for the period of 2020–2040 were generated based on the LARS-WG 6.0 model. According to the results, all climate change scenarios indicate an increase in precipitation in the range of 29–33%. Furthermore, the average monthly surface runoff was projected to increase approximately by 75, 88, and 98% under RCP 4.5, 6.0, and 8.5 scenarios, respectively. The results revealed that the SRB witnessed a significant increase in BW due to climate changes. Meanwhile, the magnitude of the GW indicator was different within the SRB, with minor changes. Identifying areas with high blue/green water potentials is effective in planning for rain-fed or irrigated agriculture in the SRB.
Desenvolvimento de armadilha para captura de triatomíneos e pesquisa das amostras capturadas em engenhos de cana-de-açúcar
Authors:   , Oliveira Ismael Vinicius de
Published: January 2025

A doença de Chagas é uma patologia tropical caracterizada como endêmica em vários países da América Latina. Entre as formas de transmissão destacam-se a vetorial, transfusional, gestacional, transplante, acidentes laboratoriais e a via oral, que se destaca em novo cenário associado à surto de infecção. Alguns alimentos estão relacionados a transmissão oral com ênfase ao açaí e cana-de-açúcar. Nesse contexto, o trabalho teve por objetivo desenvolver armadilha e pesquisar triatomíneos associado ao diagnóstico de Trypanosoma cruzi nos vetores capturados e em caldo de cana oriundos de engenhos de cana de açúcar. Durante o período de um ano, foram pesquisados 100% (3/3) dos engenhos ativos na área de estudo, onde realizou-se busca dos vetores, coleta de caldo durante o período de moagem e pesquisa de T. cruzi. A captura dos triatomíneos por busca passiva ocorreu através de armadilha desenvolvida com característica tecnológica, sustentável e instalada no peridomicílio dos engenhos. Enquanto a busca ativa foi realizada por meio de inspeção minuciosa em áreas intra e peridomiciliares. Quanto à pesquisa do T. cruzi foi realizada nas fezes dos triatomíneos ingurgitados, além do caldo de cana in natura, onde coletou-se cinco amostras por engenho totalizando 15 analisadas. Como resultado verificou-se que a armadilha desenvolvida foi eficiente resultando em dois depósitos de patente com números de registro para armadilha (BR 102021001360-5) e software (BR 512021000167-2). Quanto aos dados das coletas observou-se que em 100% (3/3) dos engenhos foram capturados triatomíneos hematófagos totalizando 22 vetores, sendo 41% (9/22) por busca passiva e 59% (13/22) ativa. Quanto ao ambiente, os insetos foram encontrados em 81,8% (18/22) do peridomicílio e 18,2% (04/22) intradomicílio, sendo identificados 81,8% (18/22) adultos e 18,2% (04/22) ninfas, com um adulto e as ninfas sem possibilidade de identificação. Duas espécies foram identificadas sendo 68,18% (15/22) Triatoma brasiliensis e 9,09% (02/22) Triatoma pseudomaculata. Para o diagnóstico de T. cruzi nos triatomíneos foi observado 4,55% (1/22) positivos e 95,45% (21/22) negativos. Quanto ao caldo, 100% (15/15) das amostras estavam negativas para presença de T. cruzi, entretanto em 33,3% (5/15) foram observadas presença de sujidades (microplásticos). Concluindo que o desenvolvimento de armadilhas modernas para pesquisa de vetores foi relevante, com captura e positividade de triatomíneos hematófagos associado a presença de sujidades no caldo. Demonstrando a importância de investigação e acompanhamento de locais com possibilidade de transmissão por via oral, que atualmente representam a maioria dos registros de infecção no Brasil.
Potencial fisiológico de sementes de pepino (Cucumis sativus L.) revestidas com fécula de mandioca, gelatina e quitosana
Authors:   , Assis Mariza Cláudia Pinheiro de
Published: January 2025

A aplicação de revestimentos é uma das técnicas que mais vem sendo utilizada para
potencializar o desempenho germinativo e o estabelecimento de plantas em campo. Os
biopolímeros tem sido cada vez mais estudados no desenvolvimento desses
revestimentos, devido suas propriedades de biodegradabilidade, biocompatibilidade, ação
microbiana, rápida absorção e retenção de água. O objetivo deste trabalho foi produzir
revestimentos para sementes de pepino a partir de polímeros naturais e determinar suas
propriedades de interação com a água (solubilidade, taxa de permeabilidade e absorção),
propriedades mecânicas e a influência de cada polímero na germinação e vigor dessas
sementes. Para isto, os tratamentos utilizados foram fécula de mandioca (F1), gelatina
(F2), quitosana (F3), fécula de mandioca/gelatina (F4), fécula de mandioca/quitosana
(F5), gelatina/quitosana (F6) e fécula de mandioca/gelatina/quitosana (F7). Foram
analisadas as propriedades de solubilidade em água, taxa de permeação de vapor de água
e absorção de água dos revestimentos e primeira contagem de germinação, números de
plântulas normais e anormais, comprimentos do hipocótilo e de raiz, massa seca e
microscopia eletrônica de varredura (MEV), para as sementes revestidas. Os resultados
mostram que os filmes a base de gelatina apresentaram maiores valores para solubilidade
(90,14 ± 0,94%), absorção de água (0,42 ± 0,03%) e resistência à tração (37,01 ± 4,07
MPa); já a quitosana apresentou maior percentual de alongamento (90,81 ± 2,54) e menor
módulo de elasticidade (0,06 ± 0,03 MPa); enquanto os filmes de fécula de mandioca
apresentaram maior módulo de elasticidade (3,9 ± 0,19 MPa). Quanto à germinação das
sementes o biopolímero mais eficaz foi a gelatina com maior índice de germinação,
enquanto o revestimento a base de quitosana prejudicou a germinação das sementes.
Observou-se através de micrografias (MEV) que o revestimento a base de gelatina não
fechou os poros do tegumento das sementes, o que ocorreu com o revestimento de
quitosana.
Imagery of Eden and Restored Salvation
Authors:   The Society of Theology and Thought, Kim Yeongseon
Published: January 2025

The imagery of Eden, particularly the water of life and the tree of life, prominently appears in both the first book of the Old Testament, Genesis 2-3, and the last book of the New Testament, Revelation 21-22. This parallel underscores the Bible’s role as a thematic map that directs humanity toward salvation, signifying the restoration of the paradise lost due to human sin. Focused on this observation, this study investigates how the imagery of Eden elucidates various perspectives on salvation. To achieve this, texts that reference the Garden of Eden and its related themes, are analyzed, with focus on their significance with regard to salvation.
First, I will explore the depiction of Eden in the narrative of the Garden (Gen 2:4a-3:24), revealing it as a sacred place where God dwells and an ideal environment for human existence. This dual symbolism is expanded in la- ter texts that reference Eden, including those describing the Tabernacle, the Solomonic Temple, and the Ideal Temple envisioned by Ezekiel in chapters 40-48 of his book. These passages emphasize characteristics of God’s dwelling place, particularly the water flowing from the sanctuary, symbolizing God as the source of life. The Edenic imagery, representing abundance and blessing, is also linked to the rewards of Torah observance, the Messianic hope, the anticipated restoration of Jerusalem and Zion, and the prosperity associated with new creation. Additionally, this imagery evokes the abode of the righteous after death.
What is important is while these texts convey the restoration of Eden, they do not provide a definitive vision of perfected salvation, leaving many aspects ambiguous. A key feature of this restored state is the unbreakable proximity to God’s presence. Ultimately, while God restores salvation, participation in this salvation necessitates purification through divine grace.
Harnessing Therapeutic Potential of Allicin Against Cancer: An Exploratory Review
Authors: Saini Anmol , Saini Vishakha , Deswal Geeta , Chopra Bhawna , Grewal Ajmer Singh , Dhingra Ashwani K.
Published: January 2025

Background:

The biological name of garlic is Allium sativum L., a familiar spice with various health
benefits. These benefits are mainly attributable to the compound diversity of garlic, which includes saponins,
polysaccharides, organic sulfides, and phenolic compounds. Allicin exhibits therapeutic activity such as antibacterial,
anticancer, anti-inflammatory, immunomodulatory, anti-diabetic, and cardiovascular protection. This present
study explores the anticancer potential of allicin, including cell line studies that examine its effects on various
cancer types by analyzing the growth inhibition of cancer cells at different allicin concentrations.

Aim:

This study aims to present a concise overview of allicin, update patent statistics, and provide detailed insights
into its wide range of therapeutic benefits, with a particular emphasis on its anticancer properties

Methods:

A literature review has been conducted using reliable sources, including ClinicalTrials.gov, ScienceDirect,
PubMed, Scopus, and other reputable foundations, to assess the true potential of allicin in cancer therapeutics

Results:

Allicin, a naturally occurring compound in garlic, represents a promising treatment approach for cancer
due to its potent anticancer properties. Cell line studies have shown that various concentrations of allicin significantly
inhibit cancer cell growth, underscoring its effectiveness against cancer types such as breast, pancreatic,
liver, renal, osteosarcoma, gastric, colorectal, and stomach cancers. By effectively targeting cancer cells, allicin
stands out as a potential therapeutic agent.

Conclusion:

The primary goal of the review is to highlight the anticancer potential of allicin, along with an overview
of clinical and patent studies.
The Effects of Mobile Banking Service Quality on The Satisfaction of The Customers of Bank Central Asia (Bca)
Authors: Nuraini Karina Ayu , Ashar Khusnul
Published: January 2025

The rapid advancement of technology creates the need for agencies to increase innovation in accordance with the needs of the times. One of the innovations made by banks is by launching mobile banking applications. With mobile banking, it is expected to increase customer satisfaction. This study aims to analyze the effect of mobile banking service quality on the satisfaction of the customer of Bank Central Asia (BCA). Mobile banking service quality is measured through four variables, namely speed (X1), security (X2), accuracy (X3) and trust (X4). The theory used in this research is the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) theory. The results showed that two variables of mobile banking service quality, namely accuracy and trust, had a positive effect on BCA bank customer satisfaction. This indicates that customers highly value the accuracy of information and transactions, and have high trust in BCA bank mobile banking services, which will increase customer satisfaction.
 
Abstrak
Kemajuan teknologi yang begitu cepat menciptakan kebutuhan instansi untuk meningkatkan inovasi sesuai dengan kebutuhan zaman. Salah satu inovasi yang dilakukan perbankan yaitu dengan meluncurkan aplikasi mobile banking. Dengan adanya mobile banking diharapkan akan meningkatkan kepuasan nasabah. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh kualitas layanan mobile banking terhadap kepuasan nasabah bank BCA. Kualitas layanan mobile banking diukur melalui empat variable, yaitu speed (X1), security (X2), accuracy (X3) dan trust (X4). Teori yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah Teori Technology Acceptance Model (TAM). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bawah dua variable kualitas layanan mobile banking yaitu accuracy dan trust berpengaruh positif terhadap kepuasan nasabah bank BCA. Hal ini mengindikasikan bahwa nasabah sangat menghargai ketepatan informasi dan transaksi, serta memiliki kepercayaan yang tinggi terhadap layanan mobile banking bank BCA, maka akan meningkatkan kepuasan nasabah.
A Comparative Analysis of Global Stock Index Volatility Risks Before and During the Covid-19 Pandemic
Authors: Permatasari Ayu Indah , Muhammad Irfan Islami
Published: January 2025

This research is motivated by the phenomenon of the Covid-19 pandemic. In recent years, the Covid-19 pandemic has caused a shock to the stock market. As a result, there is a significant difference in the stock index before or during the Covid-19 pandemic. Stock indices are important indicators to measure stock market fluctuations so that they can be taken into consideration for investor decision making. This study uses global stock indices, namely the United States stock index (S&P 500 and Nasdaq), Japan stock index (Nikkei 225), China stock index (SSE), Hong Kong stock index (Hang Seng), Germany stock index (Dax 30), and European stock index (Euronext). That is because the seven stock indices are the indices with the largest market capitalization in the world. This research is a quantitative research. This research uses time series data, which is data accumulated over time on an object in order to describe the development of the object. In this study, the type of data used is secondary data in the form of historical stock index data. Then the researchers conducted the Garch Test to determine the volatility risk of the entire stock index in the period before and during Covid-19.
 
Abstrak
Penelitian ini  dilatarbelakangi oleh fenomena pandemi Covid-19. Dalam beberapa tahun terakhir, pandemi Covid-19 menyebabkan guncangan pada pasar saham. Imbasnya, terjadi perbedaan signifikan pada indeks saham sebelum atau saat pandemi Covid-19. Indeks saham adalah indikator penting untuk mengukur fluktuasi pasar saham sehingga dapat menjadi bahan pertimbangan guna pengambilan keputusan investor. Penelitian ini menggunakan indeks saham global yaitu indeks saham Amerika Serikat (S&P 500 dan Nasdaq), indeks saham Jepang (Nikkei 225), indeks saham China (SSE), indeks saham Hong Kong (Hang Seng), indeks saham Jerman (Dax 30), dan indeks saham Eropa (Euronext). Itu karena ketujuh indeks saham tersebut merupakan indeks dengan kapitalisasi pasar terbesar di dunia. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kuantitatif. Penelitian ini menggunakan data time series, yakni data yang diakumulasikan dari waktu ke waktu pada suatu objek guna mendeskripsikan perkembangan objek. Dalam penelitian ini jenis data yang digunakan merupakan data sekunder berupa data historis indeks saham. Kemudian peneliti melakukan Uji Garch guna mengetahui risiko volatilitas dari seluruh indeks.
The Effects of Interest Income, Fee-Based Income And E-Banking Transactions on Earnings Changes at Bank Jatim
Authors: Salsabiela Istikmal  , Wahyudi Setyo Tri
Published: January 2025

One of the measures of a company's performance is the change in profit. Banks as a type of organisation whose orientation is profit, in order to increase the amount of profit, they need to increase their income. This study aims to analyse the effect of interest income, fee income and e-banking transactions on the change of profit in Bank Jatim. The multiple linear regression analysis method is used to trace the relationship between the independent variables and the dependent variable using quarterly time series data for the period 2012-2023.  The results of the analysis show that the variables of interest income and e-banking transactions do not affect earnings changes, while the variable of fee-based income shows an influence on earningsearnings changes. At the same time, the independent variables have an impact on the dependent variable, as the F-test shows that the significance value is 0.000049, which is greater than the value α = 0.05.
 
Abstrak
Salah satu tolak ukur penilaian kinerja suatu perusahaan ialah pada perubahan laba. Bank sebagai jenis organisasi yang orientasinya adalah profit, untuk menaikkan jumlah laba, mereka harus menaikkan pendapatannya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh interest income, fee-based income, dan transaksi e-banking terhadap perubahan laba pada bank jatim. Metode analisis regresi linier berganda digunakan untuk menelusuri hubungan antara variabel-variabel bebas terhadap variabel terikat dengan menggunakan data time series triwulanan periode 2012-2023.  Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa variabel interest income dan transaksi e-banking tidak mempengaruhi perubahan laba, sedangkan variabel fee-based income menunjukkan adanya pengaruh pada perubahan laba. Variabel-variabel bebas secara bersamaan memberikan pengaruh terhadap variabel terikat karena berdasarkan uji F dinyatakan bahwa nilai signifikansi berada pada angka 0,000049 dimana lebih besar dari nilai α = 0,05.
Analysis Of the Effects of Internal and External Factors on Bank Profitability: Comparison of State-Owned Banks and Regional Development Banks (Bpd)
Authors: ASIFAH NIRA , KRESNA SAKTI RACHMAD
Published: January 2025

This study aims to determine the effect of several internal variables (NPL, LDR, & Operation Cost Ratio to Operating Income) and external variables (GDP/GRDP) on the profitability of state-owned banks (BUMN) and Regional Development Bank (BPD) by looking at the ROA value for the period 2011 - 2020. In addition to looking at the effect of these independent variables, a comparison of the two government-owned banks was also carried out. The analysis method used is panel data model regression analysis. The approach used in this study is a type of associative and comparative quantitative approach. This study is compiled based on data in the form of figures from the financial statements of state-owned banks (BUMN) and Regional Development Banks (BPD), so that it is said to be quantitative research. This study shows that the independent variables have different effects on profitability (ROA) between state-owned banks (BUMN) and Regional Development Banks (BPD). This difference is because the two types of banks have different characteristics, including the amount of asset value owned and market reach or operational area which will affect customer diversity.
 
Abstrak
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh beberapa variabel internal (NPL, LDR, & BOPO) dan variabel eksternal (PDB/PDRB) terhadap profitabilitas bank BUMN dan BPD dengan melihat nilai ROA pada jangka waktu tahun 2011 - 2020. Selain melihat pengaruh dari variabel independen tersebut, juga dilakukan komparasi perbadingan kedua bank yang dimiliki pemerintah tersebut. Metode analisis yang digunakan adalah analisi regresi model data panel. Pendekatan yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah jenis pendekatan kuantitatif asosiatif dan komparatif. Penelitian ini disusun berdasarkan data berupa angka dari laporan keuangan bank persero (BUMN) dan Bank Pembangunan Daerah (BPD) sehingga dikatakan dalam penelitian kuantitatif. Penelitian ini menunjukkan hasil bahwa variabel-variabel independen tersebut memberikan pengaruh yang berbeda terhadap profitabilitas (ROA) antara bank BUMN dan BPD. Perbedaan ini dikarenakan kedua jenis bank tersebut memiliki karakteristik yang berbeda, termasuk  jumlah nilai aset yang dimiliki dan jangkauan pasar atau wilayah operasional yang mana akan berpengaruh pada keragaman nasabah.
The Effects of Financial Ratios on The Stock Prices of Digital Banks
Authors: Sagala Timbul Pandapotan , Fadjar Nurman Setiawan
Published: January 2025

Digital bank stocks are one of the investment options in the capital market. However, most digital banks have volatile stock price movements. In addition, digital banks also have unstable and poor financial capabilities, especially in profitability, activity, and solvency. This study aimed to examine the effect of financial ratios on the stock price of digital banks. This study uses panel data regression with research objects consisting of 7 digital banks listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange from 2018 to 2023. The results showed that Return On Assets, Total Assets Turnover, and Operating Expenses Operating Income have no effect on the stock price of digital banks. Meanwhile, Debt Equity Ratio has a negative effect and Loan Deposit Ratio has a positive effect on digital bank stock prices. This study is expected to be a reference for making investment decisions in digital bank stocks for investors and can be a reference for making policy directions for digital bank management.
 
Abstrak
Saham bank digital merupakan salah satu opsi investasi di pasar modal. Namun, sebagian besar bank digital memiliki pergerakan harga saham yang fluktuatif. Selain itu, bank digital juga memiliki kemampuan finansial yang belum stabil dan cenderung buruk, khususnya pada profitabiltas, aktivitas, dan solvabilitas. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah meneliti pengaruh rasio keuangan terhadap harga saham bank digital. Penelitian ini menggunakan regresi data panel dengan objek penelitian yang terdiri dari 7 bank digital yang terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia pada tahun 2018 hingga 2023. Hasil penelitian menghasilkan Return on Assets, Total Assets Turnover, dan Beban Operasi Pendapatan Operasi tidak berpengaruh terhadap harga saham bank digital. Sedangkan, Debt Equity Ratio berpengaruh negatif dan Loan Deposit Ratio berpengaruh positif terhadap harga saham bank digital. Penelitian ini diharapkan dapat menjadi referensi pengambilan keputusan investasi saham bank digital bagi investor, serta dapat menjadi referensi pengambilan arah kebijakan bagi pihak manajemen bank digital.
Mechanical behavior of bio-aggregates based buildings materials
Authors: Amziane Sofiane , Rajiv da Gloria M'hamed Yassin
Published: January 2025

This Technical Letter examines the mechanical behaviour of bio-aggregate building materials (BBM), focusing on their performance under compressive, flexural and shear loading. The study synthesises the findings of various RILEM technical committees and recent research, highlighting the unique properties of BBM compared to conventional concrete. The paper discusses the factors influencing the mechanical behaviour of BBM, including bioaggregate type, volume fraction, morphology, mineral matrix, mix design, casting process and curing conditions. It presents detailed analyses of the BBM response under different loading conditions, highlighting the different phases observed during testing. The use of Digital Image Correlation (DIC) as an advanced measurement tool to capture BBM deformation is explored, providing insights into the heterogeneity and local behaviour of the material. The importance of the Interface Transition Zone (ITZ) between bio-aggregates and matrix is highlighted, with a focus on its formation and impact on mechanical properties. The paper also outlines the perspectives of a new technical committee aimed at harmonising test procedures and developing scientific data analysis methods for BBM. This comprehensive review provides valuable insights for researchers and practitioners working with bio-based building materials, paving the way for improved understanding and standardisation of the mechanical characterisation of BBM.
Practical implementation of parmetric identification of linear mathematical models of marine vessels by tables of maneuvering elements
Authors: Oskin D. A. , Osokina E. B. , Bocharova V. V.
Published: January 2025

The paper considers the practical implementation of the algorithm for identifying the parameters of linear mathematical models of Nomoto 1st and 2nd order of the marine vessels based on experimental data. Information from the maneuvering element tables containing information on the vessel’s circulation is used as experimental data. The initial data are presented in the form of discrete sampling, which allows obtaining the model parameters in a discrete form and then making the transition to a continuous form. The initial data are formed for each type of motion: a loaded vessel, a vessel in ballast, half-board and aboard, starboard and port aboard. The paper uses a method for determining the parameters of the transfer functions of the obtained models using the least squares method for transient characteristics. To improve the quality of the assessment of the parameters of the identified model, it is proposed to interpolate the initial data. The following methods are used in the paper: linear interpolation, interpolation by adjacent points, cubic and spline interpolation. To implement the proposed method, a program has been developed and implemented in the MatLab environment, which allows interpolation of the transient response by a method selected from the proposed ones, and then, based on the interpolated values, to determine the parameters of the transfer function. A block diagram and description of the algorithm for the operation of this program are provided. The result of its operation is a model with its own parameters for each case of vessel motion. The program displays graphs of transient processes for the initial data and calculated ones for each selected type of interpolation, and also displays the parameters of the transfer functions of the models. A description of the source data file used is provided. To assess the quality of software-implemented identification models, a model circulation trajectory is calculated and its graphic construction occurs. As a result of the program, the obtained linear mathematical models are proposed to be grouped and presented in interval form.
Impact of Yakutia wildfires on ice conditions of parts of the Laptev sea shipping lanes
Authors: Podporin S. A. , Kholoptsev A. V.
Published: January 2025

The article aims to verify the hypothesis about the impact of largescale Yakutia wildfires on the ice concentration in certain parts of the Laptev Sea shipping lanes. The verification was performed using data on ice concentration monthly and daily means obtained from GLORYS12v1 reanalysis and the catalogue of Aqua and Shizuku space missions. Information on the scale and consequences of Yakutia wildfires was obtained from the remote monitoring information system of the Federal Forestry Agency. The research methodology involved the use of statistical methods, including correlation analysis. The study comprised 2001–2023 period. A significant correlation between forest burning indicators and the ice conditions in certain areas of the sea has been confirmed. The most likely cause of the identified relationship was named to be the effect of an ice cover albedo decrease due to depositing of the soot brought by southern winds from burnt forest areas, as well as earlier and warmer floods from large Siberian rivers. It has been established that in the years following periods of large-scale fires, a downward trend in ice concentration manifests itself in a number of sea areas. In the spring–summer period (May — June) they are found in the northwestern and southern parts of the sea (in the areas of formation of fast ice polynyas), which favors an earlier navigation opening. In the autumn months, due to the sea waters having consumed more heat during the summer, active ice formation begins later (October — November), contributing to its later closure. The extent to which wildfires impact changes in the ice concentration of the Laptev Sea against the backdrop of other significant factors (variations in temperature, solar insolation, wind conditions, sea level, etc.) is not straightforward and needs further research. Provided that current trends in climate change persist, it is safe to predict that in the years following periods of intense wildfires, the period of safe autonomous navigation for high ice class vessels (Arc6 and Arc7) in the Laptev Sea will be longer than normal and will comprise all months from May to December.
Experimental study of the effect of the properties of motor oils on the vibration and noise levels of internal combustion engines
Authors: Khmelnitsky K. E. , Kovalev O. P. , Bulgakov V. P.
Published: January 2025

The article discusses the results of an experimental study of the effect of the properties of domestic engine oils with copper-based additives produced by Kupper on the vibration and noise levels of marine propulsion systems using the example of a 3D6 diesel engine. 3D6 diesels are representatives that widely cover both the transport and marine sectors of power plants, which explains their choice as an object of research. Increased noise and vibration levels on ships negatively affect crew members and passengers and lead to fatigue and distraction of the watchmen. The engine oil used was standard MS20 oil, which is used for high-speed marine diesel engines and an innovative oil with copper-based additives. Comparative measurements of vibration and noise were carried out on a Yaroslavets-class vessel using an authorized vibration and noise meter of the first class Ecophysics110A. As a result of the study, it was found that vibrations in the most vibro-active modes of operation of the 3D6 diesel engine are reduced by 30–50 % when using oil with copper-based additives. The use of oil with copper-based additives also has an effect on reducing noise in the engine room, but in the high-frequency spectrum with a frequency of more than 1000 Hz. More effectively, engine oil with copper-based additives affects the reduction of the overall noise level in the wheelhouse of the vessel and as a result, an effect of about 3 dB was achieved, which reduces the effect of noise by 1.4 times in terms of physical perception for humans.
FISH SAUCE FERMENTATION OF SKIPJACK FISH (Katsuwonus pelamis L.) AT VARIOUS INCUBATION TIMES AND CONCENTRATIONS OF CRUDE PAPAIN ENZYME
Authors: Wiyati Retno , Ariyanti Nur Aeni
Published: January 2025

This study aims to determine the differences in variations of crude papain enzyme concentration and optimal fermentation time on the microbiological quality of skipjack tuna (Katsuwonus pelamis L.) fish sauce. This research is an experimental study with two variables: 2 different enzyme concentrations (5% and 10%) and 3 different periods (3, 7 and 11 days). The microbiological tests include the Escherichia coli contamination test, total microbial test, and total lactic acid bacteria test. Physical tests include water content tests, pH tests, and organoleptic tests. The results showed that the enzyme concentration and fermentation time affected the microbiological quality of skipjack tuna sauce. The sample with an enzyme concentration of 10% and a fermentation time of 11 days was the best sample of skipjack tuna fish sauce because no E. coli bacteria were found (negative), the total BAL test result was 8.2 x 103 cfu/mL, and the TPC result was 7.1 x 103 cfu/mL which meets SNI standards for Fish Sauce No. 01-4271-1996. This sample also had the best organoleptic test results: a non-fishy aroma, savory taste, and dark brown color. Based on the pH test, samples with enzyme concentrations of 5% and 10% and a fermentation time of 3 days have a pH value that meets the requirements, namely 5.88 (pH requirement 5-6). The results of the water content test showed that all samples did not meet the standards.
THE EFFECTIVITY OF EM4 MADE FROM BACTERIA Bacillus sp. FOR COMPOSTING HOUSEHOLD WASTE AND ON THE GROWTH OF CAYENNE PEPPER PLANT (Capsicum frutescens L)
Authors: Saputri Maulin Otto , Suhandoyo Suhandoyo
Published: January 2025

This study aims to determine the influence of differences in EM4 dosage made from Bacillus sp. and cow dung against composting household waste, to find the best dose to speed up household waste composting, and to test the resulting compost on the growth of cayenne pepper plants (Capsicum frutescens L). This is a 2-stage experiment. The first stage is the effectiveness of composting using a Completely Randomized Factorial design, and the second stage is a biological test by looking at the growth of chili plant seeds using a Completely Randomized Design. The object of this research is household waste that has not undergone decomposition, incubated in the same tub with 4 different dosage levels ( 0%, 5%, 10%, and 15%), and 3 different treatments with cow dung (1:2 and 1:4). Each treatment was repeated 3 times. This treatment lasted 41 days, followed by the second stage, where the resulting compost was used for cayenne pepper. Each treatment was carried out 5 times over 15 days with 4 observations. The parameters observed were the physical results of the compost (color, odor, and structure), temperature, composting pH, plant height, number of leaves, wet weight, and dry weight of cayenne pepper plants. Data were analyzed descriptively in stages one and two using One-way ANOVA, then continued with the Duncan Multiple Range Test (DMRT). The results showed that using EM4 made from Bacillus sp. mixed with cow dung affects the quality of the composting results. The optimal concentration for making household waste fertilizer is 10%. Household waste fertilizer significantly affects the growth of cayenne pepper plants, as seen from all observation parameters, namely plant height, number of leaves, fresh weight, and dry weight.
Ekonomi politik media: analisis keberpihakan pemberitaan Sindonews pada calon presiden pasca debat 1 calon presiden
Authors: Arkham Azam Muzafarudin
Published: January 2025

AbstrakPenelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis keberpihakan pemberitaan Sindonews terhadap calon presiden pasca debat pertama melalui pendekatan ekonomi politik media dan menggunakan Teori Agenda Setting oleh Maxwell McCombs dan Donald Shaw. Media massa, sebagai penggerak dinamika sosial, budaya, dan politik, berperan penting dalam membentuk opini dan pandangan masyarakat. Pada tanggal 12 Desember 2024, Sindonews mempublikasikan 7 berita terkait debat calon presiden, di mana seluruhnya fokus pada Ganjar Pranowo dengan 6 berita memberikan narasi positif dan 1 berita mengandung kritik terhadap KPU. Pada tanggal 13, dari total 96 artikel berita, 49 membahas debat calon presiden, dengan 29 berita fokus pada Ganjar Pranowo, 4 berita tentang Prabowo Subianto, dan 1 berita mengenai Anies Baswedan. Hasil analisis menunjukkan kecenderungan keberpihakan Sindonews terhadap Ganjar Pranowo, terutama dalam aspek frekuensi dan tonality yang cenderung positif. Penggunaan Teori Agenda Setting membantu memahami cara media membentuk agenda publik dan memengaruhi persepsi masyarakat terhadap calon presiden. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan metode studi kasus dan analisis konten. Dengan demikian, penelitian ini memberikan kontribusi dalam memahami dinamika ekonomi politik media dalam konteks pemilihan presiden.Kata kunci : sindonews, debat calon presiden, agenda setting Abstract This study aims to analyze the partiality of Sindonews' news coverage to presidential candidates after the first debate through a media political economy approach and using Agenda Setting Theory by Maxwell McCombs and Donald Shaw. Mass media, as a driver of social, cultural, and political dynamics, plays an important role in shaping public opinion and views. On December 12, 2024, Sindonews published 7 news related to the presidential candidate debate, of which all focused on Ganjar Pranowo with 6 news providing a positive narrative and 1 news containing criticism of the KPU. On the 13th, out of a total of 96 news articles, 49 discussed the presidential candidate debate, with 29 news stories focusing on Ganjar Pranowo, 4 news stories about Prabowo Subianto, and 1 news story about Anies Baswedan. The results of the analysis show that Sindonews' tendency to be biased towards Ganjar Pranowo, especially in the aspects of frequency and tonality which tend to be positive. The use of Agenda Setting Theory helps understand how the media shapes public agendas and influences public perceptions of presidential candidates. This research uses a qualitative approach with case study methods and content analysis. Thus, this research contributes to understanding the dynamics of the political economy of the media in the context of the presidential election. Keywords: sindonews, presidential candidate debate, agenda setting