bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Function Expansion of a Chaotic Logic Unit
Authors: Sheng Yi Yan , Liu Wen Bo
Published: December 2010

Chaos computing is a new circuit design scheme of using chaos computing units to achieve reconfigurable logic gates. The computing unit can function as different kinds of logic gates by changing external parameters. In this paper, the possibilities of expanding the function of a chaotic NOR gate proposed in the literature is studied. The numerical model for the circuit design was built by constructing differential equations fit for Matlab integration mechanism. Besides, numerical model for integrator saturation was built to make results of numerical simulation conform to that of circuit simulation. Analysis of the impact of integrator saturation was done. With the analysis and by changing the control voltage, NAND function was expanded for the original chaotic logic gate that was only able to function as a NOR gate. By adding the function control signal to the input end and setting the voltage of it to different levels, the computing unit becomes a real time reconfigurable one.
Application of ArcGIS/MATLAB/ SQL Server/ VC++ Mixed Programming in Solar Energy Engineering
Authors: He Shi Jun , Zhang Yu , Yu Yuan
Published: December 2010

Computer implementation of the models in solar energy engineering is very important. This paper summarized the models and realized them by ArcGIS/MATLAB/ SQL Server/ VC++ mixed programming. The experimental results show that it is feasible to apply mixed programming in solar energy engineering. The storage and management of solar energy data are of good performance. The implementation brings convenience for the solar energy reasonably utilization. Further, it puts forward a new direction for solar energy data analysis and calculation.
Study on the Transportation Velocity Optimization of Heat Medium
Authors: Xu Wen Zhong , Cheng Yan Hua
Published: December 2010

This paper carries the study on the optimization of the heat medium transportation velocity. Based on the analysis to the factor influencing the cost of heat medium transportation system, the mathematical model to optimize the heat medium transportation velocity is constructed. An example of application proves that the optimization mathematical model is practical.
Experimental Study on Solidification Behavior of Carbon Nanotube Nanofluid
Authors: Mo Song Ping , Chen Ying , Yang Jie Ying , Luo Xiang Long
Published: December 2010

Carbon nanotube (CNT) nanofluids, with three sizes of CNTs (L-MWNT-1030, L-MWNT-4060, L-MWNT-60100) and different mass concentration (MC) of surfactant, were prepared to investigate the effects of CNTs and surfactant on the solidification behavior of deionized water (DI water). The thermal responses of the samples were tested in a constant temperature trough. It’s found that the MC of the surfactant and the size of the CNTs influence the supercooling degree (SCD) and freezing time (FT). For the L-MWNT-1030, the CNT nanofluids had lower SCD and shorter beginning FT than the DI water. But when the MC of surfactant was 0.10 %, the finishing FT was equal to that of the DI water. For the L-MWNT-4060 and L-MWNT-60100 CNT nanofluids, the SCD and FT were comparable with those of the DI water. The unusual results imply that the mechanism of nucleation and stability of the CNT nanofluids also influence the solidification behavior.
Mechanism of User Profile Complete Deletion Concerning Temporary Scenario Oriented Application of Mobile SNS
Authors: Liu Lu , Liu Zhi Han , Yang Fang Chun
Published: December 2010

In order to ensure the privacy of user profile from disclosure when the users quit using the mobile social network service (MSNS) at temporary scenarios, the paper proposes the privacy insurance module (PIM) based on distributed mobile social network service (DMSNS), which supports triggering the user profile complete deletion on several conditions. One of the conditions the paper proposes is the customized time setting for user profile deletion and the paper also designs the mechanism and algorithms for proper complete deletion by classification, which enriches the user experience and meanwhile protects user profile from being misused and disclosed.
Smallest Cache Utility Algorithm Based on Popularity
Authors: Liang Zheng You , Tang Yi Xuan , Chang Shuai
Published: December 2010

Streaming media is an important research direction in internet applications. In this paper, A Smallest Cache Utility algorithm based on Popularity in future (SCU-PK) is proposed. It comprehensively considered the merit of media time popularity and the smallest cache utility algorithm, using the entire file byte usefulness instead of the file segment bytes usefulness, so that a more effective byte usefulness calculation method and a more rational file segment popularity calculation method was designed and implement. The experiments show that the SCU-PK algorithm has better performance in increasing cache space utilization rate and byte hit ratio than LRU, LFU and SCU-PFUT in stream media proxy cache.
The Application of Computer Simulations on one Commercial Building to Improve Energy Performance
Authors: Song Jia Fang
Published: December 2010

This paper introduces the application of the TAS simulation support software to determine the energy performance in between a full mechanical ventilated building than that of a hybrid ventilated-- combined mechanical and naturally ventilated (atrium area to be naturally ventilated) building. A modeled three-storey commercial office building will be used as the main subject of this analysis. To determine the thermal comfort level of the central atrium, Parameters will be set in such a way that the full height windows will be 100% open. Results will be then tabularized to determine and analysis the output of the simulation. Recommendations will be then given based on the output performance of the building. In Tropics, it’s very difficult to achieve better thermal comfort in a naturally ventilated building. With the help of these simulation tools we can find whether natural ventilation is possible in this tropical climate in terms of thermal comfort, ventilation system and energy demand.
Designing and Researching of Gas Cooler in Trans-Critical Carbon Dioxide Water Heater
Authors: Lv Jing , Yang Jie
Published: December 2010

In this paper a gas cooler for trans-critical carbon dioxide water heater was designed and calculated according to the theory basis for the optimal design. The characteristic parameters of gas cooler in heat pump hot water system were compared and analyzed, applying the data from trans-critical carbon dioxide water heater test bed, under one-time heating condition, by different flow of chilled water and hot water, different inlet temperatures of chilled water and hot water. To sum up, coefficient of performance can be increased by increasing the chilled water inlet temperature or hot water circulating flow, while it can be decreased by increasing the inlet temperature of hot water circulating system，the parameters (flow of water, inlet temperature, the refrigerant mass flow, gas cooler pressure and inlet temperature of refrigerant) need to be adjusted to different requirements, for ensuring the high efficiency of system.
Research on the Performance of Ultrasonic Vibration Assisted Electrical Discharge Surface Modification Layer
Authors: Dong Chun Jie , Zhang Jian Hua , Song Xi Chao
Published: December 2010

Ultrasonic vibration assisted electrical discharge surface modification was studied in the paper. The influence of ultrasonic vibration amplitude and frequency on the modification layer performance, such as surface roughness, sectional morphology, micro hardness and wear resistance was investigated. Experimental results show that ultrasonic vibration assisted electrical discharge surface modification can improve surface roughness and make the melting material well-distributed. The surfaces have higher micro hardness and wear resistance when the tool electrode is assisted with ultrasonic vibration.
Emergy Analysis on Ecological Economic System in Liuzhou
Authors: Fu Hong Yuan , Cheng Guan Wen , Lu Guo Dan , Wei Wen Yuan , Wang Hao , Chen Teng Shu
Published: December 2010

The objective of this study was using methods of emergy theory to calculate the flow of emergy on eco-economic system in Liuzhou from 2004 to 2008, in order to analyse emergy relationship of ecological economic system including society, economy and ecological subsystems. The results showed the emergy self-sufficient ratio, the net emergy yield ratio decreased year by year, but the environmental loading ratio and population carrying capacity increased in recent years, and Emergy index for sustainable development decreased rapidly. This study could put forward countermeasures for sustainable development of Liuzhou ecological economic system.
Characteristics Analysis for the Spherical Antenna of a Seismometer
Authors: Yu Hui Min
Published: December 2010

A seismometer for vertical electric field component of natural ELF and ULF electromagnetic waves measurement by using spherical antenna is introduced. The goal of the proposed seismometer is to provide continuous observation of the natural electromagnetic emissions related to the coupling of seismic activity with the outer spaces and ionosphere, which utilize a spherical aluminum electrode 78mm in diameter with embedded enhanced preamplifier circuits that built to mount flush with the ground so as to preserve the configuration in which the antenna operates. The presented seismometer has a wide frequency response at low frequencies, it's typical sensitivity in the frequency range DC to 30MHz are shown to be and ,the dynamical range is >50dB in ELF and VLF and about 25dB in HF.
Design and Analysis of a Low Complexity CPM Receiver Based on Differential Soft Decision
Authors: Huang Lian Fen , Hu Tian Li , Wang Zhi Yan , Lin Wei Ming
Published: December 2010

In this paper, based on the research of the Continuous Phase Modulation (CPM) receiver, we conclude that the coherent demodulation can achieve better frequency efficiency than the non-coherent demodulation, at the cost of higher design complexity. Hence, this paper proposes a novel differential soft decision scheme to reduce the complexity of the CPM receiver. Simulation results show that the proposed scheme can reduce the complexity of the CPM receiver significantly, while causes a slight performance loss
Performance Analysis of 4-WFRFT Based Carrier Modulations under Burst Interference
Authors: Li Tao , Wu Xuan Li , Mei Lin , Sha Xue Jun
Published: December 2010

This paper proposed a 4-weighted fractional Fourier transform (4-WFRFT) based carrier modulation technique. The system performance applying such modulation is analyzed under burst interference, and then compared with single carrier (SC) modulation and multi carrier (MC) modulation based systems. Simulation results show that 4-WFRFT system achieves a better performance than those of SC and MC systems since the 4-WFRFT has the capability to disperse the energy of interference signals in fractional Fourier transform domain. When the SIR of burst interference is -2dB, there is no error floor occurs in 4-WFRFT system, while the error floor appears in both SC and MC systems.
Rechear on Solar-Low Temperature Waste Heat Electric Power Generation System
Authors: Li Xin Yu , Xu Jie , Gu Cao , Liu Long
Published: December 2010

This paper presents our recent research results about a solar-low temperature waste electric power generation system based on Organic Rankine Cycle (ORC) which utilizes solar thermal waste heat at low temperature efficiently. Four organic working fluids such as R13a, isobutene, HFC-245fa and HFC-236ea with boiling points from 247.08K-288.05K are chosen to analyze the performance of the system according to first and second law of thermodynamics under rated conditions. The results show that raising temperatures of high-press gas turbine cannot improve thermal efficiencies of the system obviously, meanwhile the irreversibility of the system increases. And adjusting the intermediate pressure can influence the system's performance importantly. When the reheating pressure reaches the 75%-85% of the critical pressure, the system get the best optimal performance. On the other hand, when the condensate temperature increases, the system thermal performance drops. The higher working fluid boiling points can cause the higher system thermal efficiency.
To Design an Effective E-Learning System in the Civil Servants' Job-Training
Authors: Zhang Fu Lei
Published: December 2010

The Chinese government is pursuing e-learning policies which makes job-training with a knowledge-based society. To explain more fully the important role of the e-learning environment, this article undertakes some typical examples of the governments' job-training under e-learning environment. The main problems in servants' job-training in China are the low quantity in the servants' training, short of restriction, the uniform manner in the training and less fairness and availability of opportunities for educational training. In order to develop the e-learning system, the civil servant's job training policies are provided and the measures of the effective e-learning system are designed.
The Application of PSO in the Thunderstorms Forecast
Authors: Wang Qin , Fan Wei
Published: December 2010

This paper proposed a particle swarm algorithm based algorithm for the extraction of the classification association rules, and use the extracted classification association rules to forecast the thunderstorm weather. The experimental results show that the method can achieve better weather forecasting results, and it can largely accelerate algorithm run time but not lower its accurateness.
Climate Change of Tibetan Plateau and its Impact on Water Resources of the Source Region of Yangtze River and Yellow River in the next 30~50 Years
Authors: Cheng Zhi Gang , Fan Guang Zhou
Published: December 2010

Based on high resolution dynamic downscaling meteorological forcing data, climate change of Tibetan Plateau and possible trends in runoff of the source region of Yangtze River and Yellow River were analyzed by using large-scale distributed hydrology model under future climate warming. The average annual runoff of the source region of Yangtze River and Yellow River will increase by 8.58% and 9.19% in the future 30 to 50 years. Although the annual precipitation will increase up to 4.48%, the average annual runoff of the source of Yellow River will reduce only by 1.98% in the next 30 to 50 years. The variations of runoff in the source area of Yangtze River and Yellow River are analyzed by using the climate data projected for the future 30 to 50 years and the scenario simulations of the land use/cover change. These results indicate that the runoff is the minimum (maximum) at forest land (bare land).
An Adaptive Link-Disjoint Multipath Routing in Ad Hoc Networks
Authors: Shao Min Hua , Lee Yi Ping
Published: December 2010

Mobile Ad Hoc Networks (MANET) are different from other network features, every mobile node possesses the role of host and router which makes routing mechanism become a key of the influence network stability. Because MANET topology is dynamic and easy-changing, so many scholars provide multipath and backup path routing protocol to solve the problems above. In 2001, Marina and Das proposed AOMDV multipath routing protocol which solves the limit of AODV single path routing protocol and promoted the efficiency of the whole network operation. However, we find out AOMDV has more than one first hop problem that cannot operate the multiple paths in some sparse networks. Thus, this paper uses the idea of common link to solve the problem which is an adaptive and efficient multipath routing protocol. To correspond to different dynamic topology, we need to adjust to route establishing scheme, in order to efficiently increase the number of paths and to decrease the frequency of route discovery which will provide a stable network connection. Finally, through the NS-2 simulation of experimental results shows our scheme the better performance in end to end delay and package delivery rate, compared with AOMDV routing protocol, and our scheme does not cause the additional network overhead.
Sensorless Parameter Identification Method for PMSM Based on Double Manifold Sliding Mode
Authors: Cheng Ze , Yan Fa Bin , Liu Yan Li , Ji Ya Fei
Published: December 2010

An adaptive model reference parameter identification method without sensors for PMSM is presented in this paper and this method is based on double manifold sliding mode. The real model of PMSM is selected as the reference model and the d/q frame observer which is constructed using current model of the motor is selected as the adjustable model. The manifold sliding mode surface is constructed using the output (current in d/q frame) errors of the two models. Proper parameters are selected to guarantee the stability of the observer. The adjustable model converges to the reference model and the running state of motor can be identified. Theoretical analysis and simulation results show that the proposed strategy has high static and dynamic performance，high tracking precision as well as stronger robustness.
Using Library Resource to Cultivate Person with Applied Ability
Authors: Xie Wei , Chen Zhen Min
Published: December 2010

In order to make the library of applied university give play to cultivate person with applied ability this paper analyzed the consist of library resources, suggested to develop library of applied university by educative target and educative direction of applied university. It makes the aim of library construction be clearer and more definite, and construction fund be more efficacious. Wei think that the construction of library resource is the foundation of library played performance but the management of library resource is more important. For this reason a new managed model of library resource of applied university was put forward by the character of applied university library in this paper.
An Analysis to Improve Congestion Algorithm of TCP
Authors: Shang Kun , Zhai Zhi Hua
Published: December 2010

Congestion is an important issue in the research of end-to-end congestion control. The congestion issue in transmission with TCP is studied. Under the situation of different round trip time and multiple congested gateways, ECC (Explicit Congestion Control) algorithm is proposed to solve the congestion problem of TCP. The basic idea is to explicitly improve Congestion by adding mechanism at both end systems and gateways. Then study the tile congestion of Internet data transmission. Internet data transmission relies on end system mechanisms to keep Congestion. As the number of the users has been very large, this scheme has become vulnerable. It is required to deploy some congestion mechanism at gateways.
High-Precision Synchronous Implementation during Seismic Data Acquisition
Authors: Wang Qi , Deng Ming , Zhang Qi Sheng , Yang Rui
Published: December 2010

Seismic Synchronous acquisition means the Field Digitizer Unit acquiring data of each geophone at the same time. Here we will present a method to realize synchronous data acquisition of which the synchronous process is finished at FDU. A timer will be used to precisely measure the time difference between data transmission in positive direction and that in negative direction. And then work out the delayed time needed by each FDU. In that way, when receiving the command to acquire data synchronously again, the delay time control AD transformation can be well dealt with, so as to realize the purpose of synchronous resetting and acquisition. Through hardware circuit test, the two power stations have 15 FDU and each station is 25m or 50m apart, Accuracy of synchronization at each acquisition station reach 200ns. Besides, this method can be used for reference for technology of synchronization of other serial acquisition systems.
The Effect of Water Content on the Formation of TiO2 Nanotubes in Ethylene Glycol
Authors: Saharudin Khairul Arifah , Sreekantan Srimala
Published: December 2010

In this paper, anodization of Ti foil was carried out in ethylene glycol (EG) containing 5 wt% NH4F solution and 0 to 1.5 wt% of water at 50 V for 60 min. The pH of the bath was kept constant at ~pH7. The crystal structure was studied by X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) analysis, and the morphology was observed via field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM). TiO2 nanotube with aspect ratio of 100 was obtained in EG containing less than 1wt % water. The nanotubes wall was very smooth. Increasing the water content > 1wt % results in short nanotubes of approximately 6.2μm with aspect ratio of 62. As anodized, nanotubes were amorphous and annealed at 400 °C promote 100 % anatase phase. Photocatalytic activity of the nanotubes produced at different water content was also evaluated by the degradation of methyl orange and the detail of the observation was discussed thoroughly in this paper.
New Silica Supported HClO4 as Efficient Catalysts for Estolide Synthesis from Oleic Acid
Authors: Nordin Nor Asikin Mohamad , Adnan Nadia Farhana , Alias Aznira , Wan Isahak Wan Nor Roslam , Salimon Jumat , Yarmo Mohd Ambar , Kamaruddin Rose Aini
Published: December 2010

The syntheses of estolides via condensation reaction of oleic acid were investigated using heterogenous catalysts. In this study HClO4 is supported onto suitable support to make it environmentally friendly. A series of solid acid catalyst containing 5-45 % of perchloric acid supported onto silica was synthesized and characterized using XRD, BET surface area measurement, TEM and XPS surface analysis. Silica modified with perchloric acid was found to be efficient and environmentally benign solid acid catalyst for estolide synthesis. The reaction was performed at 70 oC for 10 hours to give oleic-oleic monoestolide acid (m/z 563.51 as M-H)-. Based on the experimental findings above, optimum catalytic performance was with 15 % HClO4 loading onto SiO2 to give 98.98 % conversion of the oleic acid with 63.98 % oleic-oleic monoestolide acid selectivity.
Crystallite Size of Chitosan Capped Zinc Sulfide Nanoparticles Synthesized via Wet Chemical Route
Authors: Lin Foo Evon Y. , Hutagalung Sabar Derita
Published: December 2010

The effect of chitosan as a capping agent on the synthesis of ZnS nanoparticles via wet chemical route was studied. The used of chitosan as a capping agent for ZnS nanoparticles had allow the synthesis to be carried out in water which is a more simple and environmental friendly. In dilute acetic acid, the amines in the chitosan will protonated to become NH3+ ions. The positive charges around the ZnS nanoparticles are then used to disperse the nanoparticles via electrostatic repulsion. Chitosan also has an effect on the size of produced nanoparticles. From the X-ray analysis found that the crystallite size of nanoparticles decreases with the increasing of the chitosan concentration. The increase in chitosan concentration will promote the growth of the nanoparticles and subsequently produced smaller nanoparticles.
Calcium Oxide as Potential Catalyst for Gasification of Palm Oil Empty Fruit Bunch to Produce Syngas
Authors: Ismail Kohmah , Yarmo Mohd Ambar , Taufiq-Yap Yun Hin , Ahmad Aishah
Published: December 2010

Gasification of dry palm oil empty fruit bunch (EFB), by using a temperature-programmed instrument was performed to determine the amount of synthesis gas produced. Dry and finely crushed EFB was pre-mixed with calcium oxide. Temperature-programmed gasification (TPG) was done at temperature from 50oC – 550oC and also from 50oC – 700oC using 5% oxygen in He. Both experiments were held for 1hr at the final temperature. The products were monitored using an online mass spectrometer. Major products detected from this reaction were H2, CO, CO2 and CH4. The effect of calcium oxide amount (CaO : EFB ratio) was also investigated. A very significant increase of H2 and CO was observed when nano-sized calcium oxide was used as catalyst compared to bulk one. Reaction at 700oC using nano-sized CaO reduces the production of carbon dioxide during gasification. The characteristics of the catalyst used were analyzed by using XRD and XPS show some significant changes from CaO to CaCO3.
Effect of Particle Sizes of Magnesium Oxide on Zirconia Toughened Alumina Vickers Hardness
Authors: Azhar Ahmad Zahirani Ahmad , Kong Foo Tai , Hasmaliza Mohamad , Ratnam Manimaran , Ahmad Zainal Arifin
Published: December 2010

Vickers hardness of zirconia toughened alumina added MgO with different composition and particle size has been studied. Five different size of magnesium oxide particle at different composition (0.5 wt % to 0.9 wt %) were used in this experiment. Each batch of composition was mixed, uniaxially pressed into 13 mm pellets and sintered at 1600oC for 4 hours in pressureless conditions. Analysis of Vickers hardness, microstructural observation and EDX analysis has been carried out. Microstructural observation showed that the addition of magnesium oxide greatly affected zirconia toughened alumina microstructure. Smaller Al2O3 grain size is observed with the presence of MgO thus improving its mechanical properties such as hardness and density. Results of Vickers hardness increased linearly with addition of more MgO until a certain composition. Each particle size of MgO addition show different composition is needed to reach the optimum Vickers hardness, depending on the particle size. The increase of hardness of the cutting insert is mainly contributed by small sized Al2O3 grains due to the microstructure pinning effect introduced by MgO. Maximum Vickers hardness achieved in this experiment is 1710 Hv, obtained at 0.7 wt% MgO with 0.15 µm particle size.
Effects of Different Gloss Firing Temperature on the Crystallization of Zinc-Based Crystal Glaze
Authors: Jamaludin Abdul Rashid , Kasim Shah Rizal , Ahmad Zainal Arifin
Published: December 2010

Ceramic products with crystalline structure on its body give an artistic effect. The usage of zinc oxide which acts as a flux material has a beneficial effect in many colored glazes amongst which is crystalline glaze. Samples are fired at different gloss firing temperature of 1200oC to 1250oC for half an hour and hold for five hours at crystal growth temperature. After firing, the morphology of crystalline structure on the ceramic substrate body was identified using visual observation. The result show crystals start to develop at 1230oC of gloss firing temperature. Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) analysis shows that these crystals are made of acicular needle shape crystals. X-ray Diffraction (XRD) and Energy Dispersive X-ray Spectrometer (EDX) analysis of the phases identified these crystals as willemite, Zn2SiO4 which formed spherulites. The results also show obvious growth and distance distribution between each of spherulites as the gloss firing temperatures increase to 1250oC.
A HDR Image Compression Algorithm Based on Non-Linear Masking
Authors: Zhu Ming , Liu Zhen , Yang Dan Dan
Published: December 2010

High Dynamic Range Images, with the capability of reproducing the wide lightness range of natural scenes, has been widely used in many areas. But the restrictions of device capability make it necessary to implement tone compression for displaying HDR images. The major research of this paper includes: ① the non-linear masking technology was analyzed and applied to the HDR image tone compression for the first time; ② the specific workflow of the HDR image compression algorithm based on non-linear masking was proposed; ③ VDP (Visible Difference Predictor) model was used to evaluate the performance of the algorithm objectively. The result of algorithm evaluation shows: the non-linear masking can achieve a good effect of tone compression, and greatly reduce the complexity of the algorithm.
Research on the Infiltrating and Diffusing Model of Ink Droplet in Inkjet Imaging System
Authors: Chen Qi Feng , Chen Guang Xue , Tang Bao Lin , Tai Jing Lei
Published: December 2010

The infiltration and diffusion of ink droplet in paper coating have significant influence on the image quality in the inkjet imaging. The flight physical phenomenon of the ink droplet was researched and analyzed according to the hydrodynamic equations of multiphase flow discrete phase in this paper, and the energy distribution of ink droplet before contacting with the paper coating was calculated. Base on studying on the surface structure of paper coating, the mechanism of impact, infiltration and diffusion between ink droplet and paper coating also was researched in this paper from the perspective of energy conversion in the imaging process. The proposed mathematical model consisted of the factors of hydrodynamic characteristics for ink droplet and the physical characteristics of paper coating, we could get the maximum diameter of ink droplet spreading in paper coating through solving the model and obtain viscous loss and energy consumption in infiltration of ink droplet by experiment, and then calculated the average infiltration depth of ink droplet.
Numerical Simulation of Droplet Formation of Piezoelectric Ink-Jet Printing
Authors: Wang Zhen Ning , Tang Zheng Ning
Published: December 2010

The thesis adopts the numerical simulation method to simulate the formation and fall of water droplets from the nozzle exit. The numerical model is established based on piezoelectric inkjet theory, then the simulated results are analyzed which includes several stages in the entire course of droplet’s motion. The result indicates numerical simulation is suitable for researching the formation and fall of droplets and can provide a good basis for predicting the quality of ink-jet printing.
Study on Photoaging Phenomenon of Digital Inkjet Presswork
Authors: Cui Xiao Meng , Chen Guang Xue
Published: December 2010

Following with the development and cooperation between digital printing techniques and digital distribution in publishing industry, more and more books will be printed by digital printing equipments, and then the storage stability became one of the focuses in digital printing research field. This study is to investigate the storage resistance property of inkjet presswork. In this paper, based on analyses about factors which influence photoaging phenomenon, a mathematic model which can separate the influence factors and an analytical method were proposed. Then, the experiment under absolutely natural lighting conditions was carried out, and the density decrease, which indicated the color change phenomenon after photoaging, were measured by an X-rite Spectroeye instrument. Through curve-fitting method, an empirical model was derived to demonstrate the rule of ink photoaging fading. Finally, the photoaging property of substrate and ink was analyzed, and the photoaging properties of the inkjet print were generalized. The research methodology and the fading model are of significant reference to the following research about photoaging phenomenon.
Development and Comparison of Models for Predicting Printing Quality in Flexographic Printing
Authors: Zhang Lin , Zhang Mei Yun , Yang Jun Ping
Published: December 2010

The effects of seven key technological properties(ink viscosity, anilox screen, type of doctor blade, plate shore hardness, plate relief depth, type of mounting tape and printing speed) in flexographic printing on printing quality properties(printing density, print contrast and run lengths) were investigated. And the best interactions were analyzed by orthogonal design of seven factors and two levels experiments. Predictive models were built by linear multiple regression analysis(MRA) and BP(Back Propagation) neural network respectively. A comparison of accuracy for models were discussed by a brief statistical analysis of their predictive errors. Results indicated that the most important factor influencing print density, print contrast and run length was type of doctor blade, plate relief depth and print speed respectively. The model of BP neural network provided higher prediction than that use of linear MRA. However, the linear MRA model was convenient to be used in production.
Study on Fuzzy Comprehensive Evaluation Model of Printing Quality Based on AHP Method
Authors: Wang Jun , Zhang Tie Feng , Guan Xiang Yi
Published: December 2010

A fuzzy comprehensive evaluation model of printing quality was established by using the method of fuzzy evaluation and analytical hierarchy process(AHP).The main parameters which influence printing quality were analyzed. The factor set to constitute fuzzy comprehensive evaluation was confirmed. The structure of analytical hierarchy was established by analyzing different plans, which influences printing quality evaluation. Comparison judgment matrixes were constructed by pairwise comparison of each factor using Saaty 1-9 scales. The weights of every factor were determined by calculating the feature vectors of comparison judgment matrixes and the consistency test. Finally the printing quality hierarchy was evaluated by using fuzzy comprehensive evaluation and according to maximum membership principle. The result indicated that the model objectively determined the weights of parameters which influence printing quality, subjectively evaluated the printing quality hierarchy, and realized the unification of subjective evaluation and objective evaluation.
Research on the Method of Determining the Optimum Parameters for Offset Ink
Authors: Jiang Wen Yan , Wang Zhi Hong
Published: December 2010

By experimental method, the optimum parameters for offset ink were investigated under standard printing conditions. Firstly, the relationship between solid ink density and print contrast was established, and the optimum values of solid ink densities and print contrasts were calculated. Then, perfect tone reproduction was achieved by dot gain compensation, in which the calibration curves were obtained by the target curves and the initial tone value increase(TVI) curves based on optimum SIDs. The results showed that this method of determining the optimum parameters for offset inks were practicable and reliable, it can be used to research the printability of inks and papers, optimize printing process, improve printing quality, and provide method of standardization of process control for printing institutions.
Measurement System Design of Rotary Viscosity Based on MCU and CPLD
Authors: Yang Han Lin , Zhang Tie Feng , Li Yan Xi , Wang Jun , Sun Zhi Hui
Published: December 2010

In view of the deficiency of the traditional viscometer in the tunable gear position, the measuring accuracy and measuring range, designs a viscosity measurement system based on rotation method. The data acquisition device of the system is grating torque sensor, building the system hardware platform by AT89S52 MCU and CPLD. In the software aspect, proposes a driving method of motor based on multi-division driving method of constant moment rotation magnetic field microstep subdivision theory, in order to implement the multi-range continuous adjustment of the sensor, improves system viscosity measurement range and accuracy.
Research on Dynamic Design Method Based on Measuring Information for Printing Press
Authors: Wang Yi Ming , Chen Bang She , Li Yan , Zhang Shao Hua
Published: December 2010

Printing machinery’s reliability is one of the most important index parameter and good dynamic characteristics are essential for high speed printing press. The dynamic characteristic is predictable for printing machine with dynamic design. With the complexity of printing technique and printing machine, information, such as load on components is lack, leading to the difficulty of dynamic model solving and further more the dynamic parameters needs to be verified. Firstly, according to the dynamic design method, a dynamic design process based on measuring information for printing machine was put forward. Secondly, on the basis of principle and structure analysis to typical printing machine, dynamic characteristics measurement item and method was determined. With a wallboard of a two-color offset press acting as an example, the utilizing method was illustrated through dynamic modeling, theoretical model analysis, experiment model analysis based on vibration measurement and comparing the theoretical and experimental results. Finally, a Dynamic Design Assistant Platform based Vibration Measurement for Printing Machine was developed and had been used in 10 kinds of printing machine measurement and analysis. The conclusion shows that the tolerance of the theoretical model analysis results and experiment results is allowed. A new approach for new printing machine design and optimal design for existed printing machine is given.
Parameter Study of Offset Press Cylinder Based on Sliding Friction
Authors: Zhang Hai Yan , Hou He Ping , Si Jun Feng , Chen Xiao Yu
Published: December 2010

In the contact area of offset, a relative slide occurs between the surface of plate cylinder and blanket cylinder, which changes the print image and influences the printing quality. The relative slide in the cylinders’ rolling process is investigated, and the determination rule of cylinders’ geometric parameters of offset press is proposed. The results show that the relative slide is minimization under the condition that the compression of elastic cylinder radius is 0.2 times bigger than that of rigid cylinder radius, and the deformation of print image and dot gain both are minimization. The results provide theoretical direction for accurate determination of cylinder radius of offset press.
Cutting Software Development Based on JDF Digital Workflow
Authors: Ren Ling Hui , Liu Kai , Zhang Hai Yan , Hou He Ping
Published: December 2010

JDF is the XML-based format for the job descripting and exchanging. Through the Parse of JDF document’s grammar and data structure, we have got the information of layout. Combined with technical features of cutting papers and experiences of artificial processing paths, this article have to analyze the characteristics of irregular layout, then put out a new complex algorithm of cutting path and solve the planning of irregular layout cutting path. Development a optimization software of paper cutter. The cutting software based on JDF digital workflow, can obtain layout information directly from the prepress, and then transmitted generate cutting program to the cutter, which reduced the error caused by manual measurement and improved the cutting accuracy and efficiency.
Testing and Research on Inking Properties of Offset Press
Authors: Zhao Ji Bin , Li Xiu Li
Published: December 2010

A new testing form was designed, in which the screens having gray scales and some solid blocks were included. The screens consist of gray scales from 0 to 100% of dot coverage, and the solid blocks also have coverage scales from 0 to 100%. Printing experiment was performed, and densities and dot coverage of specific places were measured and recorded. Based on the testing data, density or dot coverage undulation with printing impressions was indicated by curves. Furthermore analysis was taken. Dot gains in the same prints are not constant, which cause that saddle shape in prints. Some reasons from construction of press such as the gap of cylinder, swing of transferring roller and oscillation of oscillating rollers were brought out. Same values of ink presetting can not get the same printing quality in the ink zones which have the same graphic coverage. The traditional press has a long make-ready time in printing running, which can reduce the efficiency of press. Shaft-less technology of inking system is put forward to cut down the make-ready time and to decrease the power consumption. New algorithm research is necessary for ink zone presetting in order to get more precise ink feeding. Some research on the press construction is also important for the press having some inherent defects
Preparation of Nano-Micropore Latex Particles
Authors: Zhang Qun Li , Li Chun Wei , Chen Chun Sheng , Wang Gui Ying
Published: December 2010

Nano-micropore latex particles (multi-hole and hollow) were applied to all kinds of sorbent, heterogeneous catalysis, carrier or other field, because of its function of adsorption and carry. Because of its cavum inside the particles, nano-micropore latex particles take on virtue of low density and great effective area, and have special character of optical and substance transmission at the same time. So make its broad application in catalyst, solar materials, photons crystal, low dielectric constant materials, sound insulation materials, message record and so on. In this paper, hydrophilic AA was chosen as polymerization monomer, and core-cell P(St-BA-AA) system were synthesized by emulsion polymerization with P(St-BA) as seed. Nano-micropore latex particles were obtained by the stepwise acid/alkali method at high temperature. The configuration of nano-micropore inside the latex particles were observed by TEM. The effects of treatment time of alkali and acid on hole forming were discussed.
Formulation Design of the Blue Fluorescent Ink-Jet Ink
Authors: Liang Li Juan , Huang Pei Qing , Wei Xian Fu , Wu Xu Jie
Published: December 2010

Fluorescent inkjet ink was composed of solvent, resin, phosphor, assistant agent etc, solvent and resin were the main components in the fluorescent inkjet ink, which had an important effect on the luminescent property and various physical properties. In order to research and develop the fluorescent inkjet ink, formulation principle had been used to design the ingredient, and fluorescent inkjet ink samples had been prepared. The effect of different solvents and resins and mixed solvent and resin on the significant performance of the fluorescent inkjet ink had been studied, such as the viscosity, surface tension, luminous intensity, and fluorescence quantum yield. The results indicated that through the formulation design principle, formulation could be optimized to make the ink have high fluorescence intensity and physicochemical properties which could meet practical printing requirement.
Influence of Promoter on the Glossiness of Water-Soluble Varnish
Authors: Zhao De Ping , Wei Xian Fu , Huang Pei Qing
Published: December 2010

The glossiness is an important indicator of evaluation polishing printed matter. The water-soluble varnish consisting of different content and kinds of promoter is prepared. Then proofs are coating by wire rods. Measuring glossiness of proofs, we analyze the influence of promoter on glossiness of water-soluble varnish. The results show that adding cosolvent, substrate wetting agent, flow agent, wax emulsion and other promoter in water-soluble varnish can improve the glossiness of water-soluble varnish film. When cosolvent ethanol was adding to 3%, the film glossiness achieves about 80 and adding a small amount of wax emulsion, flow agents, the film glossiness can be increased about 10%.
Study on Synthesis and Paper-Plastic Composite Property of Maleic Rosin Modified Acrylic Resin
Authors: Yan Jin , Chen Guang Xue , Wen Shuang Shuang , Cui Xiao Meng , Qu Zhen Cai
Published: December 2010

In this paper, allyl maleated rosin ester was synthesized by the esterification of maleic rosin and allyl alcohol with catalyst. And then a new waterborne paper-plastic composite adhesive was prepared through the semi-continuous emulsion polymerization method with allyl maleated rosin ester, butyl acrylate, vinyl acetate and acrylic acid as raw materials. The product of esterification was analyzed by IR spectra, and its acid value was determined too. Polymer was analyzed by DSC and IR spectra and its T-style peel strength was determined. The adsorption effect of adhesives to ink was also tested. The results showed that this paper-plastic composite adhesive had good adhesive properties: excellent compatibility with the ink, longer stability period, and low cost.
RF Magnetron Sputtered SiOx Coatings on Papers
Authors: Liu Zhuang , Sun Zhi Hui , Ma Xin Xin , Lin Jing
Published: December 2010

Silicon oxide (SiOx) were deposited on many substrates such as silicon, glass, and poly (ethylene terephthalate) (PET) and widely used in industry due to their excellent impressive barrier, electrical, optical and eco-friendly properties. However, few publications that focus on paper as substrate in sputtering have been found. SiOx films were deposited on papers by radio frequency (RF) magnetron sputtering. The influences of process parameters, RF power density and deposition time on deposition rate, surface roughness, mechanical properties and humidity barrier of the films were investigated. The result from atomic force microscopy (AFM) applied to investigate the surface morphologies showed that papers being deposited SiOx (SiOx/Paper) films with the average roughness were much more homogenous and smoother than raw papers. Horizontal, vertical elastic modulus and yield strength of SiOx/Pap clearly increased. The water vapor transmission rate of SiOx/Paper films, which prepared at RF density of 2.78 W/cm2, argon (Ar) flux of 40 sccm and deposition time of 36 min decreased 15times, and the oxygen transmission rate did 10 times. Additional investigations regarding printability focusing on the color reproduction properties were also carried out.
Modified Polypropylene Filled with Nano-Al2O3
Authors: Cai You Xing , Wang Zhang Ping , Jin Yu Jie
Published: December 2010

The mechanical properties of polypropylene (PP) could be strengthened after PP was filled with nano- Al2O3. Tests of mechanical properties and analyses of scanning electron microscope (SEM), transmission electron microscope (TEM) and wide-angle X-ray diffraction (WAXD) showed that the crystallinity of PP/nano- Al2O3 (3wt%) was improved 9.5% compared with PP’s, the tensile strength was enhanced 10.7 % and the notched impact strength was intensified 21%, the comprehensive property of nano-composites was by far the best .
The Nondestructive Identification of Printing Pigments in Bank Notes Issued by Yantai XiGongshun, the Republic of China
Authors: Shi Ji Long , Mu Yi , Zhang Yang Zhi , Luo Wu Gan , Wang Rong , Fang Xiao Yang
Published: December 2010

Two kinds of bank note issued by YanTai XiGongShun, the Republic of China, are collected by Laboratory of Printing History, School of Printing and Packaging Engineering, Beijing Institute of Graphic Communication. The colors on these bank notes are bright and the patterns and signs can be easily recognized. All bank notes are of the elongated shape, and are printed with bank name, par value, circulation area, anti-counterfeiting characters and decorative pictures in the front of the bank notes. The two colors on these bank notes were analyzed using laser Raman microscopy, and the results showed that the red, blue and green pigments are cinnabar, Lapis lazuli, respectively.
Research on Dynamic Subspace Divided BP Neural Network Identification Method of Color Space Transform Model
Authors: Zhi Chuan , Guo Ling Hua , Zhang Mei Yun , Shi Yi
Published: December 2010

In order to improve the precision for BP neural network model color space conversion, this paper takes RGB color space and CIE L*a*b* color space as an example. Based on the input value, the color space is dynamically divided into many subspaces. To adopt the BP neural network in the subspace can effectively avoiding the local optimum of BP neural network in the whole color space and greatly improving the color space conversion precision.
Application of Low Cost Polyurethane (PU) Foam for Fabricating Porous Tri-Calcium Phosphate (TCP)
Authors: Fariza A.R. , Zuraida A. , Sopyan Iis
Published: December 2010

Porous tri-calcium phosphate, well-known for its use as artificial bone, was prepared via sponge polymeric method by the application of low cost polyurethane (PU) foam as a structural guide. In this experiment, fractions of tri-calcium phosphate (TCP) are controlled at 12, 13, 14, 15 and 16 grams and mixed with distilled water (fixed at 25 grams) to produce slurries. Subsequently, rectangular shaped PU foam was immersed in the slurry and dried for three days. Samples were then sintered at 1100°C to obtain porous tri-calcium phosphate. This method produces porous tri-calcium phosphate with porosity between 31-44% and the compressive strength in the range of 0.17-1.02 MPa. The macroporosity of the tri-calcium phosphate, observed through SEM, was in the range of 100 µm to 900 µm.