bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
ISLAM DAN AKUNTABILITAS LINGKUNGAN: SUATU TINJAUAN TEORITIS
Authors: Darwin Khadijah
Published: December 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendiskusikan konsep akuntabilitas lingkungan dan pandangan Islam terhadap akuntabilitas lingkungan. Kerusakan lingkungan adalah masalah global yang membutuhkan penanganan serius. Kerusakan lingkungan akan berdampak pada keberlangsungan hidup manusia dan makhluk hidup lainnya. Adanya tuntutan dan desakan dari berbagai pemangku kepentingan agar perusahaan lebih peduli terhadap lingkungan, membuat perusahaan harus mengambil langkah untuk mengatasi masalah tersebut. Pelaporan lingkungan merupakan bentuk akuntabilitas perusahaan atas kegiatan operasionalnya yang berdampak pada lingkungan. Laporan lingkungan menginformasikan kepada pemangku kepentingan tentang tanggung jawab lingkungan perusahaan dan menunjukkan komitmen perusahaan untuk mengatasi masalah lingkungan. Akuntabilitas lingkungan dalam Islam dimaknai dengan larangan berbuat kerusakan di muka bumi, pencatatan yang benar dan setiap tindakan yang akan dipertanggungjawabkan. Al-Qur’an dan Hadis telah menerangkan dengan jelas tentang pentingnya akuntabilitas pada semua bidang kehidupan. Perlunya akuntabilitas kepada sesama makhluk hidup dan paling utama akuntabilitas kepada Allah SWT.
ECONOMICS CAPITALISM, THE BIRTH OF STATE AND ALQURAN RULES
Authors: Burhanuddin Chairul Ihsan
Published: December 2020

Ekonomi kapitalis-sosialis yang telah lama menjadi paradigma dalam kegiatan perekonomian seolah-olah menjadi bumerang dalam paradigma itu sendiri. Melihat kondisi perekonomian yang semakin tidak menentu, membuat orang berfikir untuk mencari solusi atas permasalahan yang terjadi. Mahzab pemikiran Karl Marx dan Adam Smith tidak seindah yang dibayangkan. Konsep monopolistik justru memunculkan isu-isu kesejahteraan manusia dan ketidakseimbangan alam yang tidak lagi dapat bisa di tolerir. Konsep pemikiran ini akhirnya telah sampai pada titik jenuh. Ekonomi Islam atau Ekonomi Syariah sempat menjadi alternatif dalam menanggulangi permasalahan tersebut. Akan tetapi, apakah ekonomi Syariah telah sesuai dengan ketentuan yang ditetapkan oleh Allah SWT dalam Al-Quran? Kembali kepada aturan Syariah, bukan berarti kembali kepada aturan yang ditetapkan oleh Allah SWT. Metode penelitian dilakukan melalui pendekatan kualitatif, dengan menggunakan metode Library Research. Hasil penelitian ini memberikan perspektif ekonomi dengan cara memberikan penjelasan didasarkan ayat-ayat yang terkandung dalam Al-Quran. Mulai dari solusi dalam permasalahan proses produksi dan konsumsi, perdagangan, konsep keseimbangan, serta pengelolaan utang piutang.
Pengaruh Struktur Modal dan Kinerja Keuangan Terhadap Harga Saham Pada PT. Adaro Energy, Tbk.
Authors: Muhibah Muhibah
Published: December 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahun pengaruh struktur modal dan kinerja keuangan terhadap harga saham pada PT. Adaro Energy, Tbk. Jenis data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah data kualitatif dan data kuantitatif. Sumber data yang digunakan adalah data sekunder. Metode analisis yang digunakan adalah analisis regresi berganda. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan secara parsial struktur modal yang diproxykan dengan DER berpengaruh positif dan tidak signifikan terhadap harga saham, sedangkan kinerja keuangan yang diproxykan dengan ROA berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap harga saham. Secara simultan struktur modal dan kinerja keuangan berpengaruh positif dan tidak signifikan terhadap harga saham. Nilai r2 sebesar 0,595 yang artinya 59,5% harga saham dapat dijelaskan oleh struktur modal dan kinerja keuangan.
PENGARUH PEMBINAAN TERHADAP PRESTASI KERJA PEGAWAI PADA KANTOR PEKERJAAN UMUM PELAKSANAAN JALAN NASIONAL WILAYAH PROVINSI GORONTALO
Authors: Mu’jizat Poppy
Published: December 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui Pengaruh Pembinaan Terhadap Prestasi Kerja Pegawai Pada Kantor Pekerjaan Umum Pelaksanaan Jalan Nasional Wilayah Provinsi Gorontalo baik secara simultan maupun parsial. Pengumpulan data pokok yaitu melalui daftar pernyataan/pertanyaan yang diuji melalui uji validitas dan reabilitas setiap item pernyataan/pertanyaan yang terdapat pada daftar pernyataan/pertanyaan. Metode analisis yang digunakan adalah analisis jalur (Path Analisis) dengan terlebih dahulu memgkonfersi data skala ordinal ke skala interval. Objek dalam penelitian ini adalah Pembinaan, Prestasi Kerja.

Hasil hipotesis pertama menunjukan bahwa Pembinaan (X) Yakni Pembinaan Karir (X1) dan Pembinaan Disiplin (X2)  Pembinaan Pendidikan dan Pelatihan (X3), secara simultan berpengaruh positif dan Signifikan terhadap Prestasi Kerja Pada Kantor Pekerjaan Umum Pelaksanaan Jalan Nasional Wilayah Provinsi Gorontalo sebasar 85,2%. Sedangkan 14,8% dipengaruhi oleh variabel lain yang tidak diteliti dalam model penelitian.

Hasil pengujian hipotesis kedua menunjukan bahwa Pembinaan (X) Yakni Pembinaan Karir (X1) dan Pembinaan Disiplin (X2)  Pembinaan Pendidikan dan Pelatihan (X3), secara parsial berpengaruh positif dan Signifikan terhadap Prestasi Kerja Pada Kantor Pekerjaan Umum Pelaksanaan Jalan Nasional Wilayah Provinsi Gorontalo sub variabel Pembinaan Karir (X1) secara parsial berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap Prestasi Kerja (Y) sebesar 18,2%. Sub Pembinaan Disiplin (X2) secara parsial berpengaruh signifikan terhadap Prestasi Kerja (Y) sebesar 52,7%. Sub Pembinaan Pendidikan dan Pelatihan (X3) secara parsial berpengaruh signifikan terhadap Prestasi Kerja (Y) sebesar 32,2%.
PENGARUH SISTEM PENILAIAN KINERJA PEGAWAI DAN PENGEMBANGAN KARIR TERHADAP KEPUASAN KERJA PEGAWAI KANTOR PEMERINTAHAN KECAMATAN BARRU KABUPATEN BARRU
Authors: Kurnia Kurnia Kurnia , Idris Muhammad , Asri Asri
Published: December 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui dan menganalisis (1) pengaruh sistem penilaian kinerja pegawai dan pengembangan karir terhadap kepuasan kerja pegawai Kantor Pemerintahan Kecamatan Barru Kabupaten Barru secara sendiri-sendiri (parsial) dan secara bersama-sama (simultan) (2) variabel yang dominan berpengaruh terhadap kinerja pegawai Kantor Pemerintahan Kecamatan Barru Kabupaten Barru.

Penelitian ini menggunakan metode survei. Dilaksanakan pada Kantor Kecamatan Barru Kabupaten Barru. Waktu penelitian adalah bulan nopember sampai Desember 2019. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah seluruh pegawai Kantor Kecamatan Barru Kabupaten Barru, sebanyak 56 orang. Pengambilan sampel dalam penelitian ini menggunakan teknik sampling jenuh (sensus) yaitu semua populasi dalam penelitian ini dijadikan sampel. Sampel yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah sebanyak 56 orang. Analisis data menggunakan analisis regresi berganda (multiple regression analysis).

Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa (1) terdapat pengaruh positif dan signifikan antara sistem penilaian kinerja pegawai dan pengembangan karir terhadap kepuasan kerja secara parsial dan simultan terhadap kinerja pegawai pada Kantor Pemerintahan Kecamatan Barru Kabupaten Barru (2) pengembangan karir merupakan variable yang paling dominan berpengaruh terhadap kinerja pegawai pada Pemerintahan Kantor Kecamatan Barru Kabupaten Barru.
ANALISIS EFEKTIFITAS DAN PERTUMBUHAN PENDAPATAN ASLI DAERAH PADA DINAS PENDAPATAN DAERAH KOTA MAKASSAR
Authors: Idrawahyuni Idrawahyuni
Published: December 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui efektivitas dan pertumbuhan pendapatan asli daerah pada Dinas Pendapatan Daerah Kota Makassar. Jenis penelitian ini adalah deskriptif kuantitatif. Populasi penelitian ini adalah laporan keuangan Dinas Pendapatan Daerah Kota Makassar. Sampel yang diambil dari laporan keuangan kantor Dinas Pendapatan Daerah Kota Makassar dalam lima tahun terakhir yaitu dari tahun 2013 sampai tahun 2017. Hasil analisis data menggunakan rasio efektivitas dan pertumbuhan pendapatan asli daerah, yang menunjukkan bahwa dari kedua analisis rasio keuangan yang dilakukan tergolong efektif.
O USO DE BIOMATERIAL COMPOSTO POR β-TCP E PLGA EM TRATAMENTO REGENERATIVO DE LESÕES DE FURCA GRAU II EM MOLARES MANDIBULARES – REVISÃO DE LITERATURA
Authors: Gonçalves Brenda Lopes , Silva Eduarda Lyssa Ribeiro , Dias Gabriele Nunes , Motão José Cláudio , Paula Luiz Guilherme Freitas de
Published: December 2020

Objetivo: Este estudo tem por objetivo avaliar um biomaterial composto por β-TCP e PLGA em tratamento regenerativo de furca grau II em molares mandibulares. Método: Foram utilizados estudos científicos publicados no período de 2000 a 2020 em inglês e português nas bases de dados PubMed, Scielo e Semantic Scholar. A busca na base de dados resultou em 84 artigos e após a leitura e análise destes, foram selecionados 23 trabalhos que atenderam ao objetivo desta revisão de literatura. Discussão: Materiais não absorvíveis limitam a formação óssea e os mecanismos biológicos que configuram o processo de cicatrização do tecido, inclusive nas situações de enxertia. Assim, os materiais aloplásticos ou reabsorvíveis, são cada vez mais usados como substitutos ósseos, por serem biologicamente compatíveis com os tecidos adjacentes, além de induzirem o crescimento e remodelação óssea, mantendo a homeostasia e as características essenciais dos tecidos ósseos. Dentre os biomateriais citados, β-TCP e PLGA, demonstraram resultados satisfatórios nas regenerações teciduais e ósseas guiadas em casos de furca e procedimentos de enxertia, por apresentarem características ideais, como biocompatibilidade, biorreabsorção e osteocondução. Conclusão: O beta-tricálcio fosfato em união ao PLGA (vitaGraft), constitui um material viável para procedimentos de enxertia e/ou regeneração periodontal de lesões de furca em dentes posteriores mandibulares.
IMPACTOS AMBIENTAIS REGISTRADOS EM NASCENTES NO MUNICÍPIO DE JARAGUÁ, GOIÁS NO ANO DE 2019
Authors: Lino Pereira Erick Tiago , Silva Thais Aires da , Pinto Adevane da Silva , Pereira Laísse Danielle
Published: December 2020

Os cursos hídricos garantem água à população rural e urbana por meio das nascentes. O manejo inapropriado do solo provoca solos arenosos, com alta declividade, descobertos de vegetação e compactados, consequentemente impermeáveis, as erosões acarretam em córregos e rios assoreados diminuindo assim a quantidade de água potável. O presente trabalho visou diagnosticar os impactos ambientais em nascentes no município Jaraguá Goiás. No ano de 2019, por meio do projeto de extensão “Preservação do Meio Ambiente, com foco em economia de água, energia, preservação e recuperação de nascentes”, Foram realizados diagnósticos, com registros fotográficos e filmagens em seis nascentes, com apoio de acadêmicos voluntários do curso de Agronomia, Engenharia Ambiental e Sanitária, bolsistas do curso de Pedagogia e Ciências Contábeis, da Subsecretaria do Meio Ambiente e do professor proponente da ação. Os parâmetros macroscópicos avaliados foram: erosões nas nascentes e áreas de preservação permanentes, coloração, odor, lixo, materiais flutuantes, espumas e óleos, esgoto, vegetação, uso por animais, uso antrópico, proteção, identificação, residências e tipo de área de inserção. A classificação das nascentes por grau de preservação foi realizado por meio de notas, que indica os índices de preservação como nascentes preservadas, moderadamente preservadas e degradadas de acordo com a escala de notas, sendo que as nascentes que possuem índice de 20 a 32 pontos são consideradas preservadas, as que alcançaram uma pontuação de 33 a 46 pontos são nascentes moderadamente preservadas e as que pontuaram de 47 a 60 pontos são degradadas. Cada uma das seis nascentes visitadas pelo projeto de extensão no ano de 2019 apresentou aspectos distintos de degradação, porém com algumas características semelhantes. Neste contexto, percebe-se que a maioria das nascentes não possui vegetação nativa suficiente e/ou nenhuma. Em todos os diagnósticos foram constatada a presença de animais de grande porte no local, comprometendo a vida das nascentes.  Entende-se a necessidade e urgência na continuidade de trabalhos nessa vertente envolvendo as demais esferas da sociedade.
APPLICATION OF ACOUSTIC EMISSION METHOD FOR THE EVALUATION OF THE MICROMECHANICS OF DESTRUCTION OF FIBERGLASS MATERIALS UNDER STATIC LOAD
Authors: Urbaha Margarita , Stefański Konrad , Banov Mukharbiy , Shestakov Vladimir
Published: December 2020

The paper presents the results of experimental studies using the acoustic emission method of samples made of fiberglass, the design feature of which is the presence of both base fibers and weft fibers. The test data are presented in relative units and the concept of staged damage accumulation is used, which allows one to recognize subtle phenomena of the nature of the destruction of fiberglass. Tests of the samples with a transverse arrangement of fibers with respect to the applied load showed that the fracture process both in the strain parameters and in the parameters of the total acoustic emission has two stages of damage accumulation: the stage of proportional change of these parameters from stress and the stage of intensive increment of these parameters. In this case, the parameter of the total acoustic emission shows that this process of destruction begins earlier by 5–6% than the strain parameter shows. The proposed methodology and equipment allows us to identify the nature of fracture and assess the tensile strength of such a “staged” composition, and also to solve the problem of what affected the structural unity violations, which may be due to the presence of a set of cracks formed during manufacturing or under the influence of stresses and the external environment during the process of loading.
Un sens inné du nombre ? Une revue des différentes tâches
Authors: Miravète Sébastien , Tricot André , Amadieu Franck
Published: December 2020

On suppose généralement, depuis une quinzaine d’années, que les êtres humains naîtraient avec un sens inné du nombre, mais des revues de littérature récentes remettent en question la pertinence de tel ou tel type de tâche ordinairement employé pour confirmer cette hypothèse. Notre objectif est d’évaluer si les conclusions de ces revues de littérature pourraient être étendues à un large panel de tâches. Quatre bases de données internationales ont été examinées de 2002 à 2017 : psycINFO, psycARTICLES, psycCRITIQUES et Psychology and Behavioral Sciences Collection . Notre conclusion est que les tâches usuelles ne montreraient pas qu’un sens inné du nombre existe.
Haine et radicalisation
Authors: Jaccard Annabelle , Tiscini Giorgia
Published: December 2020

Dans cet article, nous abordons le phénomène de la radicalisation à partir de la problématique de la haine en tant que moteur de ce processus. La méthodologie de la recherche est clinique et se déploie au moyen d’entretiens avec des personnes incarcérées pour association de malfaiteurs en relation avec une entreprise terroriste. À travers l’étude, l’analyse et la discussion du cas clinique d’Yavan, nous interrogeons la notion de la haine en nous concentrant surtout sur sa conception psychanalytique. Ainsi, il nous apparaît que si la haine est constitutive du sujet et de la société, elle réside, dans le processus de radicalisation, en-deçà de toute ambivalence, dans une désintrication pulsionnelle. Par une sorte de pacte avec un idéal féroce, la haine devient « sacrée », amenant à un acte – qui n’est qu’un leurre – existentiel et identitaire.
L’impact de la baisse du prix du pétrole liée à la crise de la Covid-19 sur les entreprises et ménages français
Authors: Heyer Éric , Hubert Paul
Published: December 2020

Cet article a pour objectif d’étudier les effets des variations du prix du pétrole sur les prix à la consommation et les prix de production pendant la période de la crise de la Covid-19. Pour ce faire, nous réalisons une double décomposition des prix de production (entre ses différentes composantes et entre secteurs) et nous construisons un indice des prix à la consommation « confinement » correspondant au panier de consommation en cette période particulière. Nous utilisons ensuite un modèle non-linéaire afin d’identifier spécifiquement l’effet d’une baisse, forte, et en période de récession, des prix du pétrole. Nos estimations suggèrent que le choc pétrolier du début d’année 2020 n’aura que très peu d’effets sur l’inflation. Les ménages ne bénéficieraient donc pas d’une hausse de leur pouvoir d’achat. Du côté des entreprises, l’effet de la baisse des prix du pétrole sur leur prix de production est réel et leur permettrait de restaurer leurs marges unitaires. Nos résultats indiquent que cette baisse du prix du baril pourrait améliorer les marges unitaires des entreprises de plus d’1/2 point en 2020, estimation qui pourrait même s’élever à 1 point pour les secteurs des transports, de l’énergie et de l’agriculture.
Défaillances d’entreprises et destructions d’emplois
Authors: Heyer Éric
Published: December 2020

Dans cet article, nous proposons une estimation de l’élasticité de l’emploi aux défaillances d’entreprises en enrichissant les équations traditionnelles de demande de travail des créations et des faillites d’entreprises. Il ressort de ce travail que, après contrôle de l’effet direct de la crise macroéconomique sur l’emploi, les défaillances d’entreprises ont une incidence significative sur les destructions d’emplois : lorsque l’on contraint l’élasticité de l’emploi aux défaillances d’entreprises à être identique dans toutes les branches, celle-ci sort significativement, avec le signe attendu et s’élève à -0,3. Ce résultat corrobore le constat avancé par Banerjee et al. (2020b) selon lequel le marché du travail serait davantage impacté lorsque la crise s’accompagne de faillites d’entreprises d’une ampleur similaire. Par ailleurs, cet effet est différent selon la branche à laquelle appartient l’entreprise. Ainsi, lorsqu’on laisse libre l’estimation sectorielle de cette élasticité, une forte hétérogénéité apparaît variant de -0,8 pour le secteur des Services aux entreprises à un effet non significatif pour celui des Services financiers. Or, comme le souligne un grand nombre d’études, cette crise sanitaire impacte de façon hétérogène les différents secteurs de l’économie et, par conséquent, la concentration des faillites dans les secteurs les plus touchés pourrait laisser des séquelles importantes sur le marché du travail. Partant des résultats sectoriels sur données françaises du surcroît de faillites d’entreprises consécutives à la crise sanitaire proposés par Guérini et al. (2020) et par Sampognaro (2020), nous proposons une évaluation des destructions d’emplois dues à ces défaillances d’entreprises. D’après nos estimations, les destructions d’emplois salariés dues à des défaillances d’entreprises liées à la crise de la Covid-19 s’élèveraient à environ 175 000 en 2021 dont près de 40 % pour le seul secteur des Services aux entreprises.
Impacts of horizontal mergers on dual-channel supply chain
Authors: Zhao Xi , Niu Teng
Published: December 2020

This paper investigates the impacts of horizontal mergers on a dual-channel supply chain given the rapid development of e-commerce. Three types of horizontal mergers are considered in a dual-channel supply chain consisting of three firm types: suppliers, single-channel retailer, and dual-channel retailer. A comparison with a benchmark pre-merger scenario underscores the impacts of each horizontal merger on firms in the dual-channel supply chain. First, where horizontal mergers occur (i.e., at upstream or downstream tier) has an impact on firms in the dual-channel supply chain. Second, synergy costs trigger the domination of the synergy effect. Third, the degree of consumer preference for channels affects the trigger due to which the synergy effect outweighs the competitive effect. Although dual channels prevail in supply chain management, few studies pay attention to horizontal mergers in this context. Unlike literature on horizontal mergers in single-channel supply chains, we suggest that the impacts of horizontal mergers in dual-channel supply chains have unique features, and channel preference plays an important role in such impacts.
Concept Design of a Deployable Marine Energy Testing System
Authors: Gish L. Andrew
Published: December 2020

AbstractMarine renewable energy has the potential to be a significant contributor to the world's energy portfolio. However, the technology is still in early stages of development, largely due to the lack of infrastructure to support in-water testing. A small number of established
permanent test sites exist, but these sites are often prohibitively expensive to build and operate. The objective of this project was to develop a concept design for a small deployable marine energy test system. The solution described is a self-contained system with the capability to monitor
the local environmental conditions, host and test one small wave energy converter (typically <1-kW power generation), and collect and store data from the device. The system employs a Sofar Spotter V2 buoy for environmental assessment, a triangular mooring configuration to secure the device,
and a USB data acquisition device paired with a laptop computer for data collection and analysis. The system is completely housed in a portable trailer and could be deployed to any area with suitable water conditions (depth, wave environment, etc.). The concept design presented here could
serve as a baseline for low-cost customized deployable systems for use by academia, industry, or government organizations.
Cyber Resiliency Within Offshore Wind Applications
Authors: Freeman Sarah , Gentle Jake , Conway Tim
Published: December 2020

AbstractAs wind generation becomes more prevalent, it is critical that these resources remain secure and, perhaps more significantly, resilient in the face of cyberattacks. Additionally, the remote locations of offshore wind assets increase the cost associated with responding
to cyber incidents. Existing risk assessment techniques, such as consequence prioritization and MITRE ATT&CK, can be used by the wind industry to identify potential impacts from cyberattacks. This perspective can then inform cybersecurity investment strategies for greatest impact.
Feasibility of Ocean-Based Renewable Energy in the Gulf of Mexico
Authors: Musial Walt
Published: December 2020

AbstractThis paper summarizes a comprehensive feasibility assessment of six offshore renewable energy sources in the Gulf of Mexico (GOM) to potentially provide utility-scale electricity from the Outer Continental Shelf (federal waters) and state waters to land-based grids.
The primary objective is to inform future energy planning. The authors evaluated offshore wind, wave energy, tidal energy, ocean-based solar photovoltaics (PV), ocean current, and ocean thermal energy conversion. Of these energy resources, offshore wind was the most viable option and was the
focus of the second part of the study. The technical challenges of developing offshore wind in the GOM are discussed including hurricane design for turbines and substructures, as well as turbine solutions to overcome lower wind regimes. In addition, advantages to offshore wind development
in the GOM are described including proximity to oil and gas supply chains. Economic analysis using established cost models at the National Renewable Energy Laboratory identified hypothetical project locations where net value of offshore wind was the highest, and the levelized cost of energy
(LCOE) was calculated for three sites: Port Isabel, Port Arthur, and Pensacola. Offshore wind LCOE in the GOM was found to be higher than those in sites along the north and mid-Atlantic coasts, but decreasing cost trajectories indicate the possibility of economic viability for locations in
Texas and west Louisiana after 2030. The extrapolated 2030 LCOE values range from $73/MWh (Site 1, Port Isabel) and $79/MWh (Site 3, Port Arthur) to $91/MWh (Site 5, Pensacola).
Investigation of the repeatability of tear osmolarity using an I-PEN osmolarity device
Authors: Fagehi Raied , Al-Bishry Abdulkareem B. , Alanazi Mana A. , Abusharha Ali , El-Hiti Gamal A. , Masmali Ali M.
Published: December 2020

PURPOSE:

To investigate the repeatability of tear osmolarity in healthy Saudi subjects using an I-PEN osmolarity device.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:

Thirty typical male subjects with healthy eyes (27.4 ± 4.9 years) participated in the study. Eye abnormalities were tested with a slit lamp, and eye comfort was determined with the surface disease index. Measurements of the tear break-up time and phenol red thread tests were used for as exclusion criteria. The tear osmolarity test, using an I-PEN osmolarity system, was performed three times in the right eye of each subject with a 5 min' gap between tests.

RESULTS:

The average osmolarity test score was 303.8 ± 4.8 mOsm/L. Tear osmolarity measurements showed tear osmolarity of 280–299 mOsm/L, 300–309 mOsm/L, and 310–329 mOsm/L in 14 (46.7%), three (10%), and 13 (43.3%) subjects, respectively. Correlations among the three I-PEN measurements were significant (Spearman's correlation coefficient; r = 0.036, 0.501, and 0.603; P = 0.050, 0.006, and 0.001, respectively). The mean coefficient of variance among the three measurements was 4.4%.

CONCLUSION:

The mean measurement of an I-PEN tear osmolarity was 303.8 ± 4.8 mOsm/L which is in agreement with the range of those reported for healthy subjects. The I-PEN is reliable and has the advantage of portability (hand-held) compared to the other osmolarity systems.
Inverter Requirements for Class Eight Trucks - Truck and Bus
Authors:   Truck and Bus Electrical Systems Committee
Published: December 2020

This SAE Recommended Practice is intended to describe the application of single-phase DC to AC inverters, and bidirectional inverter/chargers, which supply power to ac loads in Class heavy duty on-highway trucks (10K GVW). The document identifies appropriate operating performance requirements and adds some insight into inverter selection.

This document applies to factory and after-market installed DC-to-AC inverter systems (Including inverter chargers) providing up 3000 W of 120 VAC line-voltage power as a convenience for operator and passenger use. Such inverters are intended to power user loads not essential to vehicle Operation or safety (e.g., HVAC, TV, microwave ovens, battery chargers for mobile phones or laptop computers, audio equipment, etc.).

Systems incorporate the inverter itself as well as the input, output, control, and signal wiring associated with the inverter. Requirements are given for the performance, safety, reliability, and environmental compatibility of the system.

These are recommended requirements to be used by vehicle manufacturers in the development of their own specifications, which may incorporate more or less stringent requirements.

This document scope excludes military vehicles, bus and 28 V systems.
The Violence Against Women During the COVID-19 Pandemics
Authors: Stoica Diana
Published: December 2020

One of the biggest crises of the modern world – the COVID-19 pandemic – brought with itself new measures to be implemented all around the world. The lockdowns imposed to prevent the spread of the virus affected terribly numerous aspects of everyday life but mainly created a hidden pandemic indoors. The purpose of this paper is to underline the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic in what concerns the violence against women (VAW). Although it might seem early for estimating the damages produced in this area of study, there can be envisaged many statistics, a lot of system weaknesses, and possible solutions to help the victims. This article aims to resume the whole chaos installed on the Globe behind the closed doors, in the family - the most intimate place, where the joy and the love should dominate.
Coping With Stigma and Destigmatizing Intervention Strategies: An Analytical Framework
Authors: Rodat Simona
Published: December 2020

This paper addresses the stigmatization process, outlining the meaning of the social stigma and the different types of stigmata, focusing further on the ways in which stigmatized people cope with stigma and on the main intervention strategies that can be used for destigmatization. A social stigma is an undesirable characteristic or an unfavourable element, along with any generalization or attribution of further characteristics that can lower or humiliate the individual. Not the characteristic itself, but a negative meaning in the social and cultural context, make the person concerned a stigma bearer. Stigmatization describes how actual or potential negative characteristics are ascribed to a person, and thus this person is assigned to a certain socially disregarded group. At the same time, stigmatization involves associating the person concerned with the prejudices and stereotypes connected to the assigned devaluating characteristic and the experience of varied forms of discrimination. To avoid the consequences of their social stigma, the people concerned to develop in diverse social situations in different ways to cope with their stigmatization. Among these, correction, avoidance or defensive attitude, inner distance, compensation, alternative relationships, external assignment, and hostile bravado are highlighted and discussed in the paper. Destigmatization, as a reverse process to stigmatization, can be targeted through various intervention strategies. The paper addresses the most frequently used destigmatizing intervention strategies, namely protest, education, and contact, emphasizing their strengths, especially of the last two, and arguing that, depending on the type of stigma and the social context, a mixture of intervention strategies is more effective, and therefore desirable.
Digital industry and manufacturing automation: impact on employment
Authors: Zyukin Danil Alekseevich
Published: December 2020

The aim of article. The digital industry (Industry 4.0, the fourth-generation industry) is developing - based on the digital transformation of the production sector. Countries must create a workforce ready for future infrastructure. This requires the cooperation of universities, government and industry, including initiatives aimed at training workers for the transforming productive sector. The pandemic has COVID-19 exacerbated the problem of employment. Methodology: it is necessary to study the problem of employment at the systemic level, with an analysis of the structural complexity and development of digital transformations. This article explores this problem for manufacturing enterprises, in particular the automotive industry. The Results and Conclusions present the results of the analysis and make forecasts.
КОВЧЕЖИЋ ВУКОВИХ ИДЕЈА
Authors: Митић Кристина Р.
Published: December 2020

The paper presents the path of The Chest for history, language and customs of Serbs of all three religions up to resent days. Several editions of this work have been taken into account, as well as critical reviews of previous researchers of The Chest. These efforts bore fruit so that The Chest did not remain in the shadow and Vuk Stefanović Karadžić’s ideas of the time have been preserved and presented.
О ИМЕНИЦАМА СА СЕКУНДАРНИМ ЗНАЧЕЊЕМ НОСИОЦА КАРАКТЕРНЕ ОСОБИНЕ У РЕЧНИКУ СРПСКИХ ГОВОРА ВОЈВОДИНЕ
Authors: Санковић Никола М.
Published: December 2020

The aim of this paper is to analyze the lexemes of the Serbian speeches in Vojvodina whose secondary meanings are used in naming people with specific personality features. The research material was excerpted from the most prominent dialect dictionary in which the lexemes of these speeches are presented. The most important noun groups were distinguished according to the transformation potential of their primary lexical meanings. Given the type of material we analyzed, the lexical meanings were viewed as a set of semantic components. Also, a description of metaphorical and metonymical transfers were given on the examples of the analyzed lexemes.
БОШКО СУВАЈЏИЋ Књига о вуку. Београд: издавачко предузеће Албатрос плус, 2018.
Authors: Митић Кристина Р.
Published: December 2020

Kњига о Вуку објављена на двестагодишњицу Вуковог Рјечника на симболичних двестотинак страна складишти предговор и још петнаест одељака као одговор на једнак број тврдњи предочених у Пледоајеу (5‒11), од којих свака наглашава ауторов јасан став: за и за Вука. Бошко Сувајџић поново сучељава Вука и нас, Вука и свет, нас и с(а)ве(с)т. О Рјечнику, пак, пише као песник о књизи, самониклој и свезнадарној. Са крошњом у апстрактним појмовима, са кореном у предметном језику. Стабло јој је чворновато и квргаво, опсцено и жилаво, упрегнуто у плуг језика, препуно звекета материјалних појмова, покућства речи, ларме обичаја и веровања, силовитог струјања народног живота.
MODELING AND SIMULATION OF THE VERTICAL AXIS WIND TURBINE BY QBLADE SOFTWARE
Authors: MERAD  , BOUANANI Asmae , BOUCHAOUR Mama
Published: December 2020

The use of wind energy has no harmful effects on the environment. This makes it a clean energy that is a real alternative to the problem of nuclear waste management and greenhouse gas emissions. Vertical axis wind turbines have prospective advantages in the field of domestic applications, because they have proven effectual in urban areas where wind flow conditions are intermittent, omnidirectional, unsteady and turbulent. The wind cannot ensure a regular energy supply without optimising the aerodynamics of the blades. This article presents a reminder about wind energy and wind turbines, especially the VAWT type wind turbines and also gives a presentation on the aerodynamic side of VAWT by studying the geometry and aerodynamic characteristics of the blade profiles with the acting forces and also the explanation of the DMS multiple flow tube model. This work also gives the different simulation methods to optimize the behaviour of the blades from the selected NACA profiles; the analysis first goes through the design of the blades by the design and simulation software Qblade which is used to calculate also the forces on the blade and the coefficients of lift, drag and fineness. At the end of this article we have the DMS simulation of the VAWT turbines, by determining the power coefficient and the power collected by the turbine to select the wind turbine adapted to a well characterized site.
Acoustic Study of Noise Generated by Arzew's Industrial Units in Limited Batteries
Authors: Arbaoui Iliace , Hamou Ahmed , Tadjeddine Abderrezzaq , Harrouz Abdelkader , Benoudjafer Cherif
Published: December 2020

This study carried out concerns noise pollution from the Arzew industrial zone. Currently, noise is an integral part of our environment and represents a major current issue, due to its dangerous health effect. Due to the proximity between industrial sites and residential areas, which very often generates noise-related conflicts that require the intervention of an acoustic expert to resolve and protect the neighbourhood from noise exposure from the complexes in the Arzew industrial zone. We have dedicated our work to the assessment of noise emissions generated by several oil and gas plants located in the ARZEW industrial zone and to the verification of the application of laws relating to the limitation of noise levels emitted into the environment by the various facilities. We focused our study on noise measurements in the periphery of the plants, known as the "property limit", also known as the "battery limit".
METHODOLOGICAL PRINCIPALS OF THE INTEGRATED ECOLOGICAL EVALUATING ENVIRONMENTAL INFLUENCE OF COAL MINE DAMPS
Authors:   Tula State University, EFIMOV V.I , STAS G.V. ,   Tula State University, KORCHAGINA T.V. ,   LLC “Sibirskyi Institut Gornogo Dela”, PROKHOROV D.O. ,   Tula State University
Published: December 2020

It is shown that throughout all geo-technological periods of the existence of coal mines, there is a negative impact of waste dumps on the atmosphere, water resources and soil. Theoretical propositions have been formulated, in accordance with which the migration of liquid pollutants into the soil laver and underlving rocks in the zone of action of the waste dump is described by a one-dimensional equation of convective diffusion, taking into account the kinetics of sorption of pollutants. It is recommended to model the air movement when flowing around the waste dumps by the O. Reynolds system of equations for the turbulent motion of a viscous fluid, using the finite volume methodfor the numerical solution. The numerical solution of the equations of motion of O. Reynolds makes it possible to visualize the picture of air flow in special zones and predict the dust and gas transport in the surface layer of the atmosphere. It is expedient to simulate the dust and gas transfer by the equation of convective-turbulent diffusion, setting the convective transfer rate according to the results of calculating the velocity fieldformed when flowing around the dump.
INJECTION OF SULFUR DIOXIDE IN A FINITE LAYER, INITIALLY SATURATED WITH METHANE AND WATER
Authors:   Sterlitamak branch of the Bashkir State University, KHASANOV M.K. , STOLPOVSKY M.V. ,   Ufa State Oil Technical University
Published: December 2020

Based on the presented mathematical model, the process of injection of liquid sulfur dioxide into a reservoir of finite length initially saturated with methane and water, accompanied by the formation of sulfur dioxide gas hydrate, is studied. It is shown that the process of formation of sulfur dioxide gas hydrate at certain values of the temperature of injected sulfur dioxide and the permeability of the formation can be accompanied by the formation of a zone saturated with methane and its gas hydrate. The influence of formation parameters and injected sulfur dioxide on the features of the process offormation of gas hydrate is studied. It is shown that if the formation of sulfur dioxide hydrate is accompanied by the formation of a zone containing methane and its gas hydrate, then this region degenerates over time into the frontal surface of the phase transition. A critical diagram is constructed that separates these two modes.
INFORMATION AND ECONOMICAL APPROACH FOR EVALUATING OIL AND GAS INVESTMENT PROJECTS
Authors:   Institute of Oil and Gas Problems of the Russian Academy of Science, BOGATKINA Y.G. , LYNDIN V.N. ,   Russian State University of Oil and Gas (National Research University) named after I.M. Gubkin, EREMIN N.A. ,   Russian State University of Oil and Gas (National Research University) named after I.M. Gubkin,   Institute of Oil and Gas Problems of the Russian Academy of Science
Published: December 2020

A modern assessment of the technical and economic efficiency of the oil and gas project involves the construction of a specific economic and mathematical calculation model, as well as an analysis of project criteria based on a set of predicted technological indicators for the formations and the field as a whole. An automated system developed for this purpose served as the basis for theoretical and applied research in the field of mathematical modeling and modern digital technologies.
Enhanced Wheel Slip Sliding Mode Controller for Heavy Goods Vehicles
Authors:   Chalmers University of Technology/Haldex Brake Products AB, Marzbanrad Alireza ,   Chalmers University of Technology, Bruzelius Fredrik , Jacobson Bengt ,   Haldex Brake Products AB, Drenth Edo Frederik
Published: December 2020

This paper introduces an improved version of a sliding-mode slip controller for pneumatic brake system of heavy good vehicles, HGVs. Anti-lock braking function, ABS, has become mandatory for HGVs all over the world to minimize the risk of accidents. The aim of ABS brake function is to reduce the braking distance and maintain maneuverability during steering and braking actuation. Traditional HGV ABS uses a "bang-bang" actuation control approach when it applies and releases the brake pressure to make the ABS periodic actuation. It is a heuristic way of preventing wheel lock using only wheel speed measurement. In order to enhance the ABS performance wheel-slip controller approaches have been represented to maximize the vehicle deceleration by controlling the slip close to the maximum force of the tyre-road interaction. Dynamics in existing pneumatic actuators limited the performance of wheel-slip controllers. It has been shown that the Fast Actuating Brake pneumatic Valve, FABV, can reduce the order of actuator dynamics up to 10 times compared to conventional actuators. This makes it possible to adopt advance control approaches for wheel-slip controllers which provide features such as fast dynamic response, stability and robustness. Sliding-mode control is well-known to be a powerful approach for tracking problems while being robust with respect to unknown perturbations and guarantees the convergence to desired reference in a finite time. The sliding-mode controls robustness and quick convergence properties together with fast and accurate torque actuation of FABV, provide the possibility of an improved ABS functionality for HGVs. Recently, sliding-mode controller was developed for wheel-slip control utilizing the FABV hardware. The results are very promising and shows great potential. In tests it was realized that the controller's performance depends on the vehicle speed. For low vehicle speeds, the sliding-mode wheel slip controller shows slow convergence and a high frequency chattering before standstill. Hence, it was suggested to use different gains during the brake operation to cope with the changes of the dynamics of the system. With the improved sliding-mode controller presented in this paper, the problem has been addressed and convergence to sliding surface is not speed independent. The asymptotic convergence properties of the control algorithm are proven using Lyapunov stability theory and the robustness of the method is studied. Simulation results of the slip control software in the loop (SIL) environment consisting of a quarter and half car models, FABV plant model, force observer and a pressure controller show improvement of the previous wheel-slip controller.
Inercialita v kontextu Leibnizovy korespondence s Clarkem
Authors: Lochmanová Kateřina
Published: December 2020

This study deals with a controversy between Leibniz and Clarke concerning the relativity of space. Although substantivalism, i.e. an approach treating space as a substance, is to be indicated as the main target of Leibniz’s attack, it has usually been replaced by Newtonian absolutism instead, as a proper opposition to Leibniz’s relationalism. However, such absolutism has not been defined ontologically, but dynamically, as if the difference between their conceptions consisted of a different approach to the inertiallity of motion. However, this would mean that while Leibniz intended to reduce all motion to an inertial one, Newton reduced it to a noninertial one instead, or that only one of them acknowledged the existence of noninertial motion at all. Nevertheless, none of them actually denied the existence of noninertial motion, and although all motion indeed seemed noninertial to Newton, Leibniz never responded to such a challenge in the course of their correspondence.
Estimativa dos benefícios econômicos da implementação da Coleta Seletiva Solidária (CSS) no município de Santana do Livramento – RS
Authors: Bunde Altacir , Da Costa Cassiane , Tafernaberry Lencina Machado Edenilson , Martins Braz Gabriela , Rizzi Kamilla Raquel
Published: December 2020

A Coleta Seletiva Solidária (CSS) surge como uma nova proposta de incentivo à reciclagem de resíduos sólidos capaz de reduzir significativamente o impacto ambiental e o dispêndio público voltado para a coleta de resíduos produzidos no perímetro urbano. O município de Santana do Livramento/RS, objeto desta pesquisa, carece de programas sustentáveis como a CSS, mantendo um serviço de manejo de RSU terceirizado que afeta diretamente os custos da administração pública. Diante desse cenário, o presente estudo buscou estimar o ganho econômico caso houvesse uma política de CSS no município. A pesquisa caracteriza-se como exploratória, com a utilização de dados primários e secundários. Dentre os resultados, constatou-se que, no período de 2010 a 2017, houve um aumento de 179,06% no custo da terceirização da coleta de lixo no município. Somente no ano de 2017 foram produzidas 18 mil toneladas de RSU, sem reaproveitamento dos materiais recicláveis. Além disso, estimou-se que poderiam ser reciclados/reaproveitados mais de 5 mil toneladas. Em termos de economia, por não possuir CSS, em 2016 o município deixou de economizar cerca de R$ 1,9 milhão e de gerar uma receita de R$ 2,6 milhões com a comercialização de materiais recicláveis, evidenciando que o modelo vigente seja repensado.
Desafios da universalização do ensino universitário no Uruguai
Authors: Laurino Carolina González , Muletaber Sandra Sande
Published: December 2020

O artigo compara três medidas realizadas em uma amostra de estudantes da graduação em serviço social da Universidade da República, com o objetivo de avaliar as mudanças produzidas no processo de massificação do ensino universitário. Embora a universalização do ensino superior seja uma conquista no país, os indicadores mostram um novo corpo discente que entra com menos apoios sociais, econômicos e culturais do que gerações anteriores.
PRÁTICAS DE LEITURA DO TEXTO LITERÁRIO E DIMENSÕES INTERDISCIPLINARES
Authors: Diogo Sarah Maria Forte
Published: December 2020

Este artigo tem por objetivo propor um modelo de leitura de textos literários fundamentado na ideia de que estes apresentam potencialidades epistemológicas, compreendidas como dimensões ensináveis. Essas correspondem a conteúdos sedimentados na forma estética da obra de arte literária e que são passíveis de serem ensinados em situações pedagogicamente orientadas por um mediador de leitura. Para tanto, abordamos considerações de Schneuwly (2004) e Schneuwly & Dolz (2010)  sobre gêneros e Cosson (2014) acerca de letramento literário, além de estabelecermos categorias como macro e microdimensões de conteúdo e propormos um modelo de aula de leitura de base temática, que parte da leitura imanente para a identificação, e posterior reflexão, do caráter epistêmico do fenômeno literário. Concluímos que, ao considerarmos o texto como produtor de conhecimentos, concebemos os gêneros discursivos literários como unidades de ensino a serem exploradas em suas macro e microdimensões.

PALAVRAS-CHAVES: Análise. Leitura. Modelos. Textos literários.
Emotional labour, information literacy instruction, and the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Sobel Karen , Evans Lorraine
Published: December 2020

The authors of this article, both instruction librarians, have researched the emotional labour that information literacy instruction librarians perform for several years. Several months into the COVID-19 pandemic, they discuss concepts of emotional labour among instruction librarians in that evolving context. They outline common aspects of emotional labour that manifest differently during the pandemic, compared to non-pandemic times. They identify and analyse new layers of emotional labour that many instruction librarians currently experience on top of their “normal” lives and emotional labour. They provide a brief overview of aspects of emotional labour that may be easier or lesser during the pandemic. The article concludes with a call for future research on these concepts, particularly using qualitative and mixed-methods research.
Conversations in writing
Authors: Saunders Claire
Published: December 2020

A book review of M. Healey, K.E. Matthews and A. Cook-Sather (2020) Writing about learning and teaching in higher education: creating and contributing to scholarly conversations. North Carolina: Center for Engaged Learning