bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
ANALISIS KELAYAKAN FINANSIAL PROYEK JALAN TOL MELALUI PENDEKATAN STOKASTIK
Authors: Sarpan Muhammad
Published: June 2020

ABSTRACK

Pekanbaru-Dumai Toll Road Section-1 includes the acceleration of Sumatra toll road development, this study conducted a financial feasibility analysis on the investment with a single period concession an analysis of the stochastic approach with the using of software -at-risk version 7.6.1 also with deterministic approach as a comparison, Section 1 of the Pekanbaru-Dumai toll road investment amount Rp.  1,766,858,970,000 with an equity proportion of Rp. 1,236,808,000,000 and debt of Rp. 530,050,970,000.  The results of NPV calculations using the deteriministic approach at low risk Rp. 100,247.04 million, moderate risk Rp.  99,492.09 million, high risk Rp.  97,280.99 million, and with a stochastic approach to low risk Rp.  574,617.27 million, medium risk Rp.  544,400.74 million, high risk Rp.  512,530.56 million.  Based on the analysis results, the Pekanbaru-Dumai toll road section-1 project is financially feasible.
Enhancing Students’ Speaking Skill Using Communicative Language Teaching Method
Authors: Lumy Jeisica
Published: June 2020

This study investigated the effect of the implementation of communicative language teaching method in enhancing speaking Skill of the third semester students at English Department of Manado State University. This was a quantitative study using true experimental group and pre-posttest design. The sample was one class from third semester who enrolled in speaking subject. The data obtained was computed through t-test to see the significant difference occurred between the control and experimental group. From the calculation, t-test value is 2.932 based on the distribution of t-table α 0,05 with degrees of freedom n1 + n2 – 2 =12 + 12 – 2 = 22 and tabulated t-test value 2.074. from the calculation, it is clearly seen that t-test value is bigger than tabulated t-test value. t-test value = 2.932 t-tabulated = 2.074. seen from the final result after computing the mean score of both groups, the experimental group who were taught according to communicative language teaching principles achieved higher score (23.75) than the control group who weren’t taught according to communicative language teaching principles (12.08). According to the result, the use of Communicative Language Teaching method is effective in enhancing students’ speaking skill.Keywords: Students’ Speaking skill; Communicative Language Teaching Method.
Totaliterizm ve Dezenformasyon
Authors: YAYLA Atilla
Published: June 2020

Bu makalede ele alınacak olan konu, geniş ve genel anlamda dezenformasyonun siyasal rejimlerdeki, özellikle totaliter sistemlerdeki yeri ve fonksiyonları. Türkçede tam bir karşılığı olmadığı için “disinformation” kelimesini Türkçeye ses uyumuyla dezenformasyon olarak kullanıyoruz. Kavramın hemen çağrıştırdığı üzere bu konu, yine Türkçeye ses uyumu yapıp enformasyon olarak kullandığımız “information” kavramıyla ilişkili. Bu kavramı Türkçeye sıklıkla “bilgi” diye çeviriyoruz, ama bilgi kelimenin anlamını tam olarak karşılamıyor. Enformasyon bilgi yanında malumat, haber gibi anlamlara da geliyor. Olağan şartlarda bu kelimeyle kastedilen doğru bilgi, haber, malumat. Oysa dezenformasyon faaliyetinde bilgi, haber ve malumatın bilinçli ve sistematik biçimde yanlış, uydurma, eksik, çarpıtılmış, yönlendirilmiş biçimde kullanılması söz konusu.
Hemen vurgulamak gerekir ki dezenformasyon, günlük hayatta beyaz yalan biçiminde tezahür ettiği kimi durumlar dışında, kendi başına bir amaç değil. Bir ara form. Bir amaca hizmet eden bir araç. Bu makale dezenformasyon faaliyetlerinin ne olduğunu, nasıl yürütüldüğünü ve devletler tarafından kendi ülkelerinde kendi vatandaşlarına karşı niçin ve nasıl kullanıldığını ve devletler arasındaki çekişme ve yarışmalarda hangi amaçlarla, ne gibi metotlarla devreye sokulduğunu tespit ve tahlil masasına yatırmaya çalışmakta.
Independência funcional. Atividade-fim: incompetência do CNMP
Authors: Uchôa Ernando
Published: June 2020

Pedido de providências n° 0.00.000.000090/2005Relator: Conselheiro Ernando UchôaRelatora para acórdão: Conselheira Janice AscariInteressada: Prefeitura Do Município De Itaituba/PaObjeto: Cautelarmente, suspender a Portaria 001/2005/MP 3ª PJI, sobrestando-se o ICP n°001/2005 e, na decisão de mérito, desconstituir e trancar, respectivamente, referida portaria e o Inquérito Civil Público.
Exercício da advocacia: membros do MP admitidos antes da CF de 1988
Authors: Viegas Gaspar
Published: June 2020

Processo nº 0.00.000.000071/2005-25 Relator: Conselheiro Gaspar Viegas Interessada: Leonardo Luiz De Figueiredo Costa Objeto: exercício da advocacia por membros do Ministério Público
Controle administrativo: concurso público
Authors: Barreto Ricardo Mandarino
Published: June 2020

Processo nº 0.00.000.000628/2006-17 Relator p/acórdão: Conselheiro Ricardo Mandarino Barreto Interessada: Tâmera Padoin Marques Objeto: Concurso público. Legalidade do procedimento.
Controle administrativo e financeiro: teto remuneratório constitucional. Caráter nacional e unitário do MP brasileiro.
Authors: Albuquerque Francisco Maurício Rabelo
Published: June 2020

Processo nº 0.00.000.000021/2006-29 Relator: Conselheiro Francisco Maurício Rabelo De Albuquerque Silva Interessado: Ministério Público Brasileiro Objeto: Teto remuneratório constitucional
Processo administrativo. Princípio da publicidade. Sigilo. Exceção.
Authors: Bonsaglia Mario
Published: June 2020

Processo nº 0.00.000.001493/2009-41 Relator para o acórdão: Conselheiro Mario Bonsaglia Requerente: Procurador Regional Eleitoral De São Paulo Requerido: Corregedoria Geral Do Ministério Público Do Estado De São Paulo Objeto: Aplicabilidade do princípio da publicidade em procedimento administrativo.
Portal de transparência
Authors: Dantas Bruno
Published: June 2020

Processo nº 0.00.000.000408/2010-61 Relator: Conselheiro Bruno Dantas Proponente: Conselheiro Bruno Dantas
Intervenção do MP. Processo judicial. Trabalho de crianças e adolescentes.
Authors: Simon Sandra Lia
Published: June 2020

Processo nº0.00.000.001768/2010-81 Relator: Conselheira Sandra Lia Simón Requerente: Ministério Público Do Trabalho Requerido: Ministério Público Estadual Ministério Público do Distrito Federal E Territórios Objeto: Proposta de resolução que trata da manifestação ministerial em processo judicial que requer autorização para trabalho de crianças e adolescentes
Atuação do MP no segundo grau
Authors: Silva Cláudio Barros
Published: June 2020

Processo nº 0.00.000.000915/2007-08 Relator: Conselheiro Cláudio Barros Silva Requerente: Elcimar Quirino Interessado: Conselho Nacional Do Ministério Público Objeto: Atuação dos membros do Ministério Público no segundo grau.
Direitos fundamentais e a nova lei de organizações criminosas - N. 12.850/13
Authors: Agostini Onofre José Carvalho , Delavi Marcos Dagoberto Cardoso , Simas Guilherme Brito Laus
Published: June 2020

O estudo em referência delineia e explicita, embrionariamente, as principais inovações trazidas pela Lei n. 12.850/13, dentre elas, a evolução do conceito de organizações criminosas no ordenamento jurídico pátrio, a criação do crime autônomo, os meios de obtenção de provas e o procedimento criminal, fazendo uma leitura voltada aos direitos fundamentais.
O novo conceito de Democracia e o Ministério Público refundando. O Ministério Público como agente da Democracia Militante. A PEC 37 e as ameaças ao Parquet refundado. Novas posturas resolutivas do Parquet.
Authors: Almeida Pablo Antonio Cordeiro de
Published: June 2020

O vocábulo “Democracia” é juridicamente polissêmico, o qual, hodiernamente, tem adquirido sentido mais amplo. Consequentemente, ampliando-se o conceito de democracia, avultam-se também as atribuições do Órgão incumbido de sua defesa: o Parquet. A democracia substancial ou de três vértices, que somente se realiza com democracia formal e participativa (sem corrupção e com liberdade), com crescimento e desenvolvimento econômico-sustentável e com igualdade social (distribuição da riqueza), pressupõe instrumentos aptos e expeditos e agentes que possam induzir e fiscalizar a efetivação destes pilares, os quais serão objetos deste artigo. Democracia é antes de tudo praxe (exercício), razão pela qual o MP, com seu agir, contribui para a consolidação da Democracia Militante.
Ministério Público, Gestão Social e os Conselhos Gestores de Políticas Públicas
Authors: Machado Eduardo
Published: June 2020

O presente artigo tem por objetivo discutir as interfaces entre a atuação do Ministério Público, responsável pela defesa do regime democrático, e os conselhos gestores de políticas públicas e busca responder de que maneira aquela instituição pode contribuir para a efetividade desta.
A atuação do Ministério Público na concretização do direito fundamental à segurança pública
Authors: Ávila Thiago André Pierobom de
Published: June 2020

O presente artigo visa analisar a atuação do Ministério Público na promoção do direito fundamental à segurança pública. Esse estudo passa pela afirmação da existência de um direito fundamental à segurança pública, pela análise da estrutura normativa desse direito e pelo reconhecimento das áreas nas quais o Ministério Público age para assegurar sua realização. Essas áreas estão ligadas à promoção da persecução penal, à impugnação judicial das situações de grave desestrutura, e de fiscalização continuada no âmbito do controle externo da atividade policial. Vejamos.
Estupro de vulnerável: uma abordagem à luz da prioridade absoluta da infância e juventude
Authors: França Júnior Fausto Faustino de , Leite Filho Wilmar Carlos de Paiva
Published: June 2020

Aborda-se neste artigo o tema do estupro de vulnerável, que é sucessor normativo do chamado estupro por violência presumida, especificamente no ponto em que trata da vulnerabilidade pela idade da vítima, inferior a 14 anos, conforme alterações promovidas pela Lei 12.015/2009, buscando-se a fixação de marcos hermenêuticos que partam do princípio constitucional da prioridade absoluta da infância e juventude, da tutela coletiva para a prevenção da pedofilia e da violência sexual. Defende-se ainda a necessidade de uma visão à luz da doutrina da efetividade das normas constitucionais e da proibição da insuficiência, com o desiderato de transformação do quadro, ainda fortemente presente, de impunidade e de tolerância cultural a esse tipo de violência contra nossas crianças e adolescentes, abordando-se também o tema do erro de tipo.
Pena e punição no Brasil do século XIX
Authors: Cruz Rogerio Schietti Machado
Published: June 2020

Excerto do trabalho final da disciplina História do Direito Penal Brasileiro, ministrada pelo Prof. Miguel Reale Júnior no curso de pós-graduação da USP, no 2º semestre de 1999.
A persecução penal em juízo pelo Ministério Público e seu constante desafio de não fragmentar o in dubio pro reo no processo penal
Authors: Mattos Saulo Murilo de Oliveira
Published: June 2020

Este artigo destacará, a partir de julgados dos tribunais superiores pátrios e lições doutrinárias, o desafio posto ao Ministério Público em, ao deduzir em juízo sua pretensão acusatória (artigo 129, inciso I, da Constituição federal), não esquecer que, no processo penal, é também órgão tutor de direitos e garantias processuais penais fundamentais, estando limitada sua pretensão acusatória aos reflexos práticos impostos pelo princípio da presunção de inocência ou não culpabilidade descrito no inciso LVII do artigo 5º da Constituição Federal, especificamente no campo probatório.
Conflito de atribuições entre Ministério Público Federal e Estadual para a investigação dos atos de improbidade administrativa e a definição da competência da Justiça Federal ou Estadual para o ajuizamento da respectiva ação civil pública
Authors: Cambi Eduardo
Published: June 2020

O artigo analisa precedentes do Supremo Tribunal Federal em relação ao conflito de atribuições entre o Ministério Público Federal e Estadual para compreender a interpretação conferida ao art. 102, I, f, da Constituição Federal, bem como os padrões definidos pelo STF para a resolução desses conflitos. O texto também examina como se fixa a competência da Justiça Federal e Estadual para as ações de improbidade administrativa. Com base nessas premissas, procura definir critérios para a atuação do Ministério Público para aperfeiçoar a defesa do patrimônio público brasileiro.
Okul Öncesi Öğretmen Adaylarının Geri Dönüşüme Yönelik Düşüncelerinin İncelenmesi
Authors: DİNLER Hızır , SİMSAR Ahmet , DOĞAN Yakup
Published: June 2020

Araştırma okul öncesi öğretmen adaylarının geri dönüşüm farkındalığını ortaya koymak amacıyla yapılmıştır. Bu amaç doğrultusunda çalışmada, betimsel alan çalışmalarından tarama modeli kullanılmıştır. Bu çalışma modelinde hem nitel veriler hem de nicel veriler kullanılmıştır. Araştırmanın çalışma grubunu Kilis ilindeki devlet üniversitesinde okul öncesi öğretmenliği bölümün 1., 2., 3. ve 4. sınıfta öğrenim görmekte olan 86 (75 kız, 11 erkek) öğretmen adayı oluşturmaktadır. Araştırmanın çalışma grubu kolay ulaşılabilir örneklem metoduyla belirlenmiştir. Araştırmada veri toplama aracı olarak araştırmacılar tarafından geliştirilen “Demografik Bilgi Formu” ve “Geri Dönüşüm Farkındalık Anketi” kullanılmıştır. Çalışma 2018-2019 eğitim-öğretim yıllının güz döneminde gönüllü olarak çalışmaya katılan okul öncesi öğretmen adaylarının bir ders surecinde toplanılmıştır. Veriler Nvivo ve SPSS programları kullanılarak betimsel ve içerik analizleri yapılmış ve frekans ve yüzde dağılımları hesaplanmıştır. Araştırma sonucunda öğretmen adaylarının kendilerini geri dönüşüm konusunda duyarlı ve istekli oldukları belirlenmiştir. Ayrıca öğretmen adaylarının okul ortamında geri dönüşüme daha fazla dikkat ederken evde biraz daha az dikkat ettikleri belirlenmiştir. Çalışmada, televizyon ve internet gibi 21. yüzyılda yaygın olarak kullanılan teknolojik aletlerin geri donuşum kavramına yönelik farkındalık kazanılmasında en fazla yer verildiği belirtilmiştir. Çalışmada öğretmen adayları geri donuşumun temel amacının çevreyi temiz tutmak olarak belirtmişlerdir. Bununla birlikte geri dönüşümün önündeki en büyük engelin bilinçsizlik olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Çalışmaya yönelik diğer nitel ve nicel verilerin analizleri sonucunda ortaya çıkan bulgular tartışılarak sonuç ve öneriler verilmiştir.
Des forêts aléatoires pour déchiffrer les commentaires sur Amazon La compatibilité du lecteur d'écran est activée.
Authors: Dossa Maximilien
Published: June 2020

Dans le domaine de l’analytique, si l'on combine les principales sources de données non structurées (forums, blogs, e-commerce ou réseaux sociaux), près de deux milliards de personnes livrent quotidiennement des informations sur ce qu'elles aiment, ce qu'elles font ou ce qu'elles pensent d'un produit, d'un film, d'une musique, etc. Ces données représentent une véritable mine d'or pour les entreprises et leur maîtrise est devenue, en quelques années, un atout majeur en matière de compétitivité. Dans cet article, nous présentons une application de l'algorithme des forêts aléatoires (Breiman, 2001) sur un jeu de données non structurées provenant d’Amazon. L'objectif est de construire un modèle de classification permettant, à partir d'un commentaire, de prédire et d'expliquer une note attribuée par un consommateur pour un produit donné. Nous présentons la démarche globale, de l'acquisition des données à leur analyse, en prenant en compte le caractère non structuré de celles-ci.
ADAPTASI EKONOMI KOMUNITAS NELAYAN DI UNTIA, MAKASSAR
Authors: Masgaba Masgaba
Published: June 2020

Kajian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif deskriptif yang bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan adaptasi ekonomi komunitas nelayan yang direlokasi dari Pulau Laelae ke Kelurahan Untia, Makassar. Pengumpulan data menggunakan teknik wawancara, pengamatan langsung, dan studi pustaka. Hasil kajian ini menunjukkan bahwa komunitas nelayan migran Laelae, setelah menetap di Untia, tidak semata-mata mengandalkan potensi laut sebagai sumber utama mata pencahariannya. Strategi adaptasi yang mereka lakukan adalah memanfaatkan potensi ekonomi yang ada di sekitar lingkungan permukimannya, seperti menjadi buruh bangunan, buruh pabrik, dan sebagainya. Para isteri nelayan dan anak-anak perempuan turut berkontribusi terhadap ekonomi rumah tangga. Mereka bekerja sebagai buruh rumahan dengan mengupas kulit ari jambu mente milik PT Mayora yang ada di sekitar permukiman mereka. Tingkat pendidikan mereka tergolong rendah sehingga tidak memiliki keahlian atau ketrampilan tertentu. Dengan demikian, mereka tidak dapat memilih pekerjaan yang membutuhkan keahlian khusus.
Experiencing information, acquiring knowledge, and making decisions regarding web accessibility
Authors: Rusho Yonit , Raban Daphne R.
Published: June 2020

We address the disparity between availability of information and its actual implementation in decisions in the context of Web Accessibility (W-A). Organizations are aware of the importance of W-A for alleviating barriers to interaction with online platforms, such as visual, motor, hearing, and cognitive impairments. Information regarding inclusion design is abundant but implementation is partial. Applying W-A refers to implementing technical and graphical solutions to assist people with disabilities in access and use of online systems. We hypothesized that people who produce information are more likely to decide to apply W-A than information consumers. A total of 651 participants took part in a set of eight experiments. Consumers read information about W-A and producers created the same information. Decisions regarding applying W-A knowledge were measured before and after information use. Results reveal that (1) collaborative information consumption is related to a change in decision; (2) The extent of change in decision relates to the number of collaborating producers; (3) Collaborative information production increases the intent to make a practical decision to apply W-A. This study emphasizes the interaction between information experience and peer collaboration regarding applying W-A knowledge. Insights contribute to organizations knowledge definitions while highlighting the impact of group activity on decision-making
Key criteria of ERP/CRM systems selection in SMEs in Poland
Authors: Cieciora Małgorzata , Bołkunow Wiktor , Pietrzak Piotr , Gago Piotr
Published: June 2020

The purpose of this paper was to conduct an investigation on criteria of Enterprise Resources Planning (ERP)/Customer Relations Management (CRM) systems selection used by Small and Medium-sized Enterprises (SMEs) in Poland. The main goal was to define the key selection criteria that should be used to ensure the optimal decision of the purchase of the system. The reason for the choice of this research question was that SMEs have to constantly struggle with lack of resources. The choice of the right ERP and/or CRM system can significantly improve their operational efficiency and competitiveness. A synthetic review of the literature on the selection criteria of ERP and/or CRM systems was conducted and presented. Opinions of 83 respondents with work experience in SMEs that had undergone an implementation of an ERP and/or CRM system or vendors of ERP and/or CRM systems for SMEs in Poland were collected in the form of Google Form surveys and analyzed with the use of Spearman’s rank order correlation. The main conclusion of this study is that two most important selection criteria are: system functionality and the ability to ensure data security. The study results may be of practical use for SMEs’ decision-makers for the selection of the CRM and/or ERP class system. A further and more comprehensive research into the topic is recommended.
Secure Hybrid Crypto-system AES/RSA on FPGA for Data Communication
Authors: Issad M , Anane N , Bellemou A M , Boudraa B
Published: June 2020

With the development of information technologies, our environment is surrounded by digital data that transit via networks. When data are important, they become vulnerable to external attacks which can be avoided by using cryptography which provides confidentiality, integrity and availability required to secure digital data transactions such as e- commerce, mobile telephony and Internet. This paper deals with securing data transmitted over a network composed by a server and several clients, where a security platform has been integrated into the server and embedded on an FPGA circuit. The protection of data transfer between clients is provided by hybrid cryptography combining symmetric and asymmetric cryptographies. The security of client-server communication is ensured by the AES protocol and the Diffie-Hellman key exchange protocol. To offer a good management of keys and their sharing, a dedicated system for generating keys is designed to fit with public key infrastructures. This system is a part of the server and has been implemented using JAVA language and executed on a computer. This communication system provides a Graphical User Interface (GUI) offering to clients ease and flexibility in transferring their data.
PENGARUH LOAN TO DEPOSIT RATIO (LDR) TERHADAP EARNING PER SHARE (EPS) DI PT BNI Tbk. PERIODE 2008-2017
Authors: Adhianto R. Deden
Published: June 2020

This research aims to know how much the effetc of loan to deposit ratio (LDR) against earning per share (EPS) at PT Bank BNI Tbk. The method that is used in this research is quantitative method. By taking samples of research from 2008 to 2017. Based on the analysis of the data, it indicates that the loan to deposit ratio has strong relation with earning per share as of the value of pearson correlation coefficient is 0,902%. Loan to deposit ratio also has positive and significan effect on the earning per share with a coefficient of determination amounted to 81,36 % and T test results showes t calculate>t table amounted to (5,898>2,360) confidence level (0,05) with degrees of freedom 8 therefore Ho rejected and H1 accepted. The suggestion given to maintain level the BI’ LDR standar, to avoid problem decrease in CAR standar and result high EP.
INTEGRASI MARKETING COMMUNICATION MIX: STRATEGI KHUSUS PROMOSI ASIAN GAMES 2018
Authors: Akbar Aldi
Published: June 2020

Tujuan dari makalah ini adalah untuk mengetahui implementasi elemen marketing communication mix (bauran promosi) dalam perspektif acara olahraga (Asian Games). Makalah ini membahas pemahaman tentang bauran promosi, tipe, strategi yang diterapkan dan dampak yang diterima di ajang Asian Games 2018 Jakarta Palembang. Tipe bauran promosi yang dibahas dalam makalah ini yaitu advertising, sales promotion, public relation, dan personal selling. Keberhasilan suatu sport event tidak terlepas dari strategi promosi yang diambil, diperlukan kombinasi yang saling terintegrasi antar unsur bauran promosi. Adapun manfaat yang diterima atas keberhasilan suatu sport event yaitu bukan hanya bersifat jangka pendek namun juga jangka panjang.
On Corrective Justice and Rights in Property
Authors: Claeys Eric R.
Published: June 2020

In this Review, I hope to critique specific parts of Property Law and Social Morality that fairly represent these various reactions. In Part I, I explain the basis for my first cheer, and situate Property Law and Social Morality in relation to other prominent moral theories of property. In Part II, I study one representative example confirming my second cheer about Gerhart’s cross-pollination experiment—his critique of economic “evolutionary” or “Demsetzian” accounts of property in chapter 4.8 In Part III, I offer what I hope is a friendly amendment to Property Law and Social Morality, to clarify several possible confusions about the scope of “corrective justice.” In Part IV, I turn to my friendly disagreements.
From Social Recognition of Property to Political Recognition by the State
Authors: Serkin Christopher
Published: June 2020

Gerhart’s book makes real contributions and nicely incorporates doctrinal payoffs. It sells short, however, the distributional concerns embedded in core property doctrines and so does not entirely account for the extent to which positive law can and does diverge from social recognition. It therefore admits constitutional protection for property that is too parsimonious, and that also does not embrace the full complexity of the relationship between property and the State.

This short response argues that positive property rights—especially in a modern regulatory state—are inherently redistributive. When the State has a choice between different regulatory strategies for achieving public goals, constitutional limits like the Takings Clause should not rely on formal categories but must instead account explicitly for distributive concerns. At the end of the day, the State is an active, not passive, player in the definition of property rights, a role that comes with both constitutional limitations and requirements.
A Moral Theory of Property
Authors: Underkuffler Laura S.
Published: June 2020

Gerhart’s theory of “property as tort” is simple, bold, and intuitively compelling. Just as actions that an individual voluntarily undertakes can impose moral obligations in tort, so actions that an individual voluntarily undertakes can impose moral obligations in property. Finally, we have a simple, understandable basis on which other-regarding obligations can be imposed upon property owners, for the externalities that they cause.

But does it capture all that is involved in the ownership of property? Put another way, does Gerhart reckon with all of the implications of his theory in the complex world of property ownership?
The Cost of Education
Authors: Elsaadi Hannah
Published: June 2020

This Article will analyze the Texas school finance system, evaluate its challenges, and propose reforms to simplify it. Although the Texas Legislature repeatedly promotes the idea that education is a priority, there is a long history of controversy over many aspects of education, particularly funding. Thus, to fully understand the current funding and legislative dilemma, Part III will analyze the current funding scheme. Part IV will examine the history of the finance system culminating in February 2013 when a Texas District Court ruled the current school finance system is unconstitutional due to claims of adequacy and a finding that the funding process is essentially a statewide property tax. The issues of adequacy, state property tax, and efficiency, as well as specific solutions for each, will be discussed in Part V. Instead of attempting to amend the current funding plan so that it will be constitutional by meeting the former criteria, Part VI advocates abandoning the current funding scheme for something completely different. This Article will not provide or promote a definitive solution to the issue, however, it will prove that the Texas Legislature’s approach to education funding for the last two decades has been unhurried and incomplete. As a result, both schools and students have been seriously and negatively affected by this unhurried trial-and-error system. Thus, instead of trying to fix an already broken system, this Article will emphasize the importance of a major structural change for school funding.
Rethinking "Host" and "Guest" Relations in the Advent of Airbnb and the Sharing Economy
Authors: Maese Michelle
Published: June 2020

Airbnb is one example of the “Sharing Economy” whereby owners and consumers connect to share “space, skill, and stuff” for monetary and non-monetary benefits. Although this concept is not a new one, it has garnered much attention recently due to the proliferation of internet start-ups, which, like Airbnb, connect owners and consumers both easily and efficiently. The increasing relevance of the Sharing Economy, and likely continued success of Airbnb, provides an opportunity to consider how Airbnb fits into traditional legal frameworks and evaluate whether states and municipalities should enact laws regulating Airbnb.

Part II of this Article introduces the concept of the Sharing Economy, outlines different systems within it, and suggests reasons for its success as well as future implications. Part II further considers the inception of Airbnb and potential for its continued success before briefly discussing how Airbnb fits into the Sharing Economy, overall. Part III focuses on the legal relationship that is created when, using the platform Airbnb provides, individuals rent space in their homes to travelers seeking short-term accommodations. Specifically, this relationship will be considered in the context of two distinct and long-standing areas of law: landlord and tenant law and the law of innkeepers. Part III traces the historical roots and evolution of both these areas of law with particular attention paid to the different rights and obligations of the parties within each body of law. This Section provides the general framework for Part IV in which the Author argues that the relationship between Airbnb “hosts” and “guests” is not so easily defined under current law. That is, in individual cases a landlord-tenant relationship may be created, whereas in other circumstances the relationship may bear a closer resemblance to that of an innkeeper and his guest. Part IV then considers policy arguments in support of regulating Airbnb before concluding the Airbnb host and guest relationship is best understood in terms of the law of innkeepers and should be regulated accordingly.
Drone Nation
Authors: Poorman Christopher C.
Published: June 2020

This Comment aims to show that current regulation, or more precisely non-regulation of commercial UAS should be modified, and operators should be allowed to conduct commercial operations without subjecting UAS to the high standards of other “aircraft.” Per Congress’s mandate, the FAA should immediately create and enforce practically sound standards for small-scale, commercial UAS that operate inside the NAS while avoiding unnecessary and costly administrative burdens. Congress should modify the currently voluntary standards, instead of mandating that operators adhere to specific commercial use guidelines without requiring an arduous approval process for commercial flight, such as the current Special Airworthiness Certificate and Section 333 exemption. This Comment will not address the issues facing larger, interstate drones that will operate outside of the visual sight or immediate area of the operator.
Puff, The Magic Dragon, and the Estate Planner
Authors: Beyer Gerry W. , Dacus Brooke
Published: June 2020

With the legalization of medical and recreational marijuana in almost half of the states, practitioners need to be aware of the interface between marijuana and estate planning. This Article provides a discussion of the major issues that arise in this context. After bringing readers current with the history of legalized marijuana, the Article focuses on how marijuana use may impact a user’s capacity to execute a will and other estate planning documents. The Article then examines other estate planning concerns such as will and trust provisions conditioning benefits on the non-use of “illegal drugs” and the impact of marijuana use on life insurance policies. The Article wraps up with a discussion of how an estate planner may deal with marijuana-based assets when planning an estate and how to value those assets after the owner has died.
Show Me the Money
Authors: Simmons Justin
Published: June 2020

Many people have written scholarly articles highlighting the pros and cons of SORs. Some have taken the analysis a step further by pointing out the impact SORs have on the values of homes in the vicinity of a registered sex offender (“RSO”). While these studies have pointed out the impact the presence of an RSO can have on the property value for an individual homeowner, research regarding the impact RSOs have on property tax revenue for taxing districts is nonexistent. This Article highlights the correlation between the depressive effect the presence of RSOs has on property values, the impact this reduction in property value has on property tax revenue for taxing districts in Texas, and, as a corollary, the negative impact the decrease in revenue could have on the government’s ability to provide vital public services.

The Article concludes by discussing different strategies states like Texas could use to allow taxing districts to recover some of this lost revenue. In particular, this Article suggests that states like Texas could (1) charge RSOs a premium on their property taxes to offset any losses their presence in the community causes; (2) pass laws that prevent RSOs from living in certain areas; (3) adjust the criteria used by taxing districts to appraise residential property; or (4) increase minimum sentences for sex offenders in an effort to reduce the number of registered sex offenders in the community.
Las experiencias de incertidumbre de jóvenes mexicanos en tratamiento de diálisis peritoneal
Authors: Díaz-Medina Blanca Alejandra , Guerreiro-Vieira-da-Silva Denise
Published: June 2020

Objetivo: Describir las experiencias de incertidumbre de jóvenes con insuficiencia renal que viven en tratamiento dialítico. Material y Método: Estudio etnográfico en Guadalajara, México. Participaron 12 jóvenes con insuficiencia renal y en diálisis peritoneal. Se realizaron entrevistas narrativas y observación participante. Se hizo análisis hermenéutico. Resultados: Se identificaron dos modalidades de incertidumbre, la personal y la médica. Las fuentes de la personal fueron los cambios corporales, la reconfiguración identitaria y de roles, la falta de recursos materiales y al pensar en los proyectos a futuro. Las fuentes de la médica fueron falta de información, el inicio y el manejo del tratamiento y el progreso de la enfermedad. Conclusiones: La incertidumbre se vuelve una constante en sus vidas y su manejo se ve influenciado por los recursos materiales y los apoyos sociales que reciben.
NHC-catalyzed enantioselective synthesis of β-trifluoromethyl-β-hydroxyamides
Authors: Davies Alyn T , Greenhalgh Mark D , Slawin Alexandra M Z , Smith Andrew D
Published: June 2020

The N-heterocyclic carbene (NHC)-catalyzed formal [2 + 2] cycloaddition between α-aroyloxyaldehydes and trifluoroacetophenones, followed by ring opening with an amine or a reducing agent is described. The resulting β-trifluoromethyl-β-hydroxyamide and alcohol products are produced with reasonable diastereocontrol (typically ≈70:30 dr) and excellent enantioselectivity, and they can be isolated in moderate to good yield as a single diastereoisomer.
Frequency of Caesarean Delivery on maternal request in a private teaching hospital
Authors: Quraishi Fozia Umber , Jabeen Saima , Alvi Wajiha
Published: June 2020

Introduction: Caesarean section rates are increasing worldwide. There are many reasons for this increasing caesarean section rate one of them is increasing requests by women for caesarean section in the absence of medical indications. Most women think that elective caesarean section is safe both for women and babies. Some clinician also considered caesarean section safe. An increasing rate of caesarean section is alarming in developed as well as underdeveloped countries.

Objective: To investigate the frequency of caesarean section on maternal request and factors leading to it in a private teaching hospital.

Materials and Methods: This was a cross-sectional descriptive study carried out at Shalamar hospital from 1st May 2018 to 30th April 2019. Women of all ages who were pregnant and were going to have caesarean delivery during the study period at Shalamar hospital.

Results: There were 3438 total births during the study period. There were 2380(69%) caesarean section and 1058(31%) were normal vaginal deliveries. Caesarean section rate was 69%. Caesarean sections performed on maternal request were 167(7%) out of 2380 caesarean. Out of these 167 Seventy-two, 43.1% of women were those who already have a previous caesarean section for different non-recurrent indications and now they don’t want the trial of labour and requested for caesarean section. Forty, 24% of women requested for a caesarean section because of fear of labour pains and eighteen, 10.8% were those who had a bad experience of the previous child-birth. Twelve, 7.2% of women had fear of failed vaginal delivery and eight women had fear of trauma to baby and three, 1.8% had fear of perineal trauma during the trial of normal vaginal delivery. Six, 3.6% of women had some social reasons for caesarean section and six, 3.6% had some bad experience of normal delivery of their relatives or friends and two, 1.2% were those who were requesting caesarean section because of their family members preferences.

Conclusion: Most of the women requesting for caesarean section were those who had previously trial of labour. We can control the caesarean section rate by proper counselling of pregnant women.
Bir Kolonoskopi Gerçeği: Utanma Duygusu Ve Yönetimi
Authors: ERDAĞI ORAL Semra , ÖZER Nadiye
Published: June 2020

Kolonoskopi günümüzde başta kolorektal kanserlerin
tarama ve tanısı olmak üzere pek çok hastalıkta yaygın olarak uygulanmaktadır.
Vücudun en mahrem bölgelerinden biri olarak kabul edilen anorektal bölgeden
yapılan kolonoskopi gibi işlemler ve muayenelerin hastaları küçük düşürdüğüne
dair ön yargılı fikirler vardır. Bu fikirler hastada utanma duygusu oluşturarak
hastayı rahatsız edeceğinden ve işlemin başarısını olumsuz yönde
etkileyebileceğinden bu duygunun yönetilerek en aza indirilmesi önemlidir.
Kolonoskopi işleminden utanan bireyler için hasta eğitimi ve danışmanlığı gibi
müdahaleler bireyin utanma duygusunu azaltarak hasta konforunun artmasına,
işleme uyum sağlamasına, kolorektal kanser taramalarına daha fazla kişinin
katılımı sağlanarak kolorektal kanserlerin erken dönemde tanılanmasına katkı
sağlar. Bu derleme; kolonoskopi uygulanan hastaların yaşadıkları potansiyel
utanma nedenlerini literatür incelenmesiyle belirlemek, hemşireleri utanma
duygusu yönetimi hakkında bilgilendirmek ve farkındalıklarını artırmak amacıyla
yazılmıştır.
Covid-19’un Klinik Yönetimi ve Hemşirelik
Authors: DEMİRAĞ Hatice , HİNTİSTAN Sevilay
Published: June 2020

“COVID-19” hastalığı, Dünya Sağlık Örgütü
(DSÖ) tarafından 11 Mart 2020 tarihinde pandemi olarak ilan edilen ve ciddi akut solunum sendromu
koronavirüs 2'nin (SARS-CoV-2) neden olduğu bulaşıcı bir hastalıktır. Dünya
genelinde hızla yayılan COVID-19 salgını her geçen gün morbitide ve mortalite
sayısının artmasına neden olmaktadır. Hasta ile en çok temas eden hemşireler, hastalığın
klinik yönetiminde ve enfeksiyonun önlenmesinde önemli derecede rol
almaktadırlar. Bu derlemenin amacı, COVID-19’un
risk faktörleri, bulaş yolu, tanı, tedavi hakkında bilgi vermek, klinik
semptomları tanımlamak ve COVID-19 enfeksiyonu ile hastaneye başvuran hastaların
klinik yönetiminde optimum hemşirelik yönetimini tartışmaktır.
The Challenges of Child and Adolescent Psychiatrists in the Process of the Disability Report Evaluation
Authors: ESİN İbrahim Selçuk , ÖĞÜTLÜ Hakan , BÜYÜKDENİZ Ayşe , BABADAĞI Zehra , DURSUN Onur Burak , BAŞGÜL Şaziye Senem
Published: June 2020

This study aimed to identify the challenges faced by child and adolescent psychiatrists on reporting Intellectual & Developmental Disability during the disability evaluation process in Turkey, and whether the approach to this process differs among academics and specialists of child and adolescent psychiatrists. One hundred five child and adolescent psychiatrists agreed to participate in the study. We asked them to complete an online questionnaire that was prepared for this study. The major challenge of the process was determining whether the disability is severe or not. On the other hand, the age range that the participants had the most difficulty in the process was preschool. Child and adolescent psychiatrist had essential difficulties while evaluating children with Intellectual & Developmental Disabilities. As a solution, medical diagnosis and functionality should be evaluated together in order to determine the disability level and whether disability severe or not.
Hemşirelik Son Sınıf Öğrencilerinin Mezuniyet Sonrası Psikiyatri Kliniğinde Çalışmaya İlişkin Görüşleri: Nitel Bir Çalışma
Authors: UZUN Sevda , DEMİR Satı
Published: June 2020

Bu araştırmanın amacı hemşirelik son sınıf öğrencilerinin mezuniyetten sonra psikiyatri kliniğinde çalışmaya yönelik görüşlerinin belirlenmesidir. Çalışmada nitel araştırma modeli kapsamında fenomenoloji deseni kullanılmıştır. Çalışmaya 23 hemşirelik son sınıf öğrencisi katılmıştır. Araştırma kapsamında veri toplamak için araştırmacılar tarafından geliştirilen öğrencilerin demografik özelliklerini içeren soru formu ve yarı yapılandırılmış görüşme formu kullanılmıştır. Öğrencilerin yaş ortalaması 21,5±0,51’olup %71,7’sinin hemşirelik mesleğini isteyerek seçtiği, %95,7’sinin hemşirelik mesleğini seçmiş olmaktan memnun olduğu belirlenmiştir. Yapılan analizler sonucunda elde edilen kategoriler; ruhsal hastalık algısı, ruhsal hastalığı olan bireye ilişkin görüşler, branş olarak psikiyatri hemşireliği ile ilgili görüşler ve psikiyatri kliniğinde çalışma ile ilgili görüşlerdir. Çalışmaya katılan öğrencilerin yarıdan fazlası psikiyatri hemşireliğini özel, doyum veren bir alan olarak gördükleri ve ruhsal hastalığa sahip bireylere yardım etmek istedikleri için psikiyatride çalışabileceklerini öğrencilerin bir kısmının ise bu bireylere ilişkin korku/anksiyete hissettikleri, etkilenebileceklerini ve iletişim kuramayacaklarını düşündükleri için mezuniyet sonrası psikiyatri kliniğinde çalışamayacaklarını ifade etmişlerdir.Araştırma psikiyatri kliniğinde çalışmayı isteyen öğrencilerin çoğunlukta olduğunu, öğrencilerin bir kısmının ise anksiyete/korku yaşadığını; hemşirelik lisans programındaki ruh sağlığı ve hastalıkları hemşireliği dersinin öğrencilerin ruhsal hastalığa sahip bireylere ilişkin hissedilen korku/anksiyete ile baş etmeyi destekleme ve stigmanın kırılması yönünde planlanması gerektiğini göstermektedir.
Internet, utopía o panóptico de la Sociedad de la Información
Authors: Islas Carmona Octavio , Gutiérrez Fernando
Published: June 2020

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El potencial comunicativo del ciberespacio: La organización seiótico-social del poder en una conversación juvenil del chat
Authors: Aguirre Roberto
Published: June 2020

El presente estudio tiene como objetivo analizar el potencial comunicativo de una conversación de chat a partir de una definición de la comunicación como contrato de producción de sentido. Es decir, un contrato en el que las escenas y horizonte comunicativos se caracterizan fundamentalmente por la manera en la que a partir de la objetivación que en ella se realiza, los participantes de la relación comunicativa revelan el tipo de actuación que sobre el otro pretenden. Para discutir las consideraciones anteriores me remito al análisis discursivo de una conversación de chat con las herramientas de la lingüística funcional. Este análisis insiste en explicar las posibilidades de la interacción comunicativa a partir de la actualidad semiótica y cognitiva de la evolución de nuestras competencias comunicativas como especie y a partir de que los múltiples determinantes a los que está sometido el lenguaje organizan su uso. Es decir, la relevancia organizadora del sustrato material y tecnológico es relevante en tanto estructura el discurso. El estudio sugiere que la conversación en el chat implica también un anclaje de los participantes desde donde se proyecta el yo ciberespacial.
Erişkin Karın Travma Hastalarının ve Karın İçi Solid Organ Yaralanmalarının Değerlendirilmesi
Authors: ACAR Erol , ÖZKAN Seda , GENÇ Selim , ALTUN Süleyman
Published: June 2020

Amaç: Çalışmamızda acil serviste karın yaralanması düşünülüp batın tomografisi çekilen erişkin olguların; demografik özelliklerini, karın yaralanmalarının klinik ve laboratuar bulgularını, travmanın şiddetini, mortalite oranlarını, karın içi solid organ yaralanma oranlarını ve organların yaralanma derecelerini incelemeyi ve literatüre katkıda bulunmayı amaçladık.Yöntem: Bu çalışma acil servise gelen çoklu travma hastalarından batın yaralanması düşünülüp tomografi çekilen 18 yaş üzerindeki 335 hastanın geriye dönük incelenmesi sonucu gerçekleştirildi. Olguların yaşı, cinsiyeti, yaralanma mekanizması, eşlik eden diğer sistem yaralanmaları, vital bulguları, fizik muayene bulguları, laboratuar değerleri, solid organ yaralanma derecesi, olguların yaralanma şiddet skorları, tedavileri ve son durumları kaydedildi. Elde edilen veriler istatistiksel olarak incelendi. Bulgular: Olguların % 76.2 erkekti ve hastaların yaş ortalaması 41±18.4 idi. Batın yaralanması şüphesi olan hastaların %92.8’inde künt yaralanma ve %7.2’sinde ise penetran yaralanma tespit edildi. Tüm hastaların mortalite oranı %1.2 tespit edildi. Hastaların % 12.8’inde solid organ yaralanması mevcuttu. Solid organ yaralanması olan hastaların %95.3’ü künt yaralanma idi. Solid organ yaralanması olan olguların %55.8’inde karaciğer, %41.9’sında dalak, %18.6’sında böbrek yaralanması tespit edildi. Solid organ yaralanması tespit edilen hastaların %79.1’i konservatif tedavi edilirken %20.9’una cerrahi tedavi uygulandı. Solid organ yaralanması olan hastaların yaralanma şiddet skorları (ISS ve NISS) ve transaminaz değerleri anlamlı derecede yüksek bulundu (p<0.05). Sonuç: Sonuç olarak; karın travma olgularında birden fazla karın içi organın yaralanması, eşlik eden karın dışı yaralanmalar, etkilenen solid organın yaralanma derecesi, yüksek travma indeksi mortalite ve morbiditeyi etkileyen faktörler arasında yer almaktadır.
Coincidental Lung Mass Diagnosis in COVID-19 Infected Patient: A Case Report
Authors: İKİZCELİ Türkan , ARAS Serhat , TURKAY Rüştü , GOCGUN Nurdan , ATASOY Bahar , ÖZDEMİR Sevim
Published: June 2020

Introduction: COVID-19 (Corona Virus Disease-19) is a newly discovered virus that caused pandemic infection worldwide. The imaging methods are crucial for diagnosis and follow-up in this infectious period. In this article, a case with coronavirus, which was diagnosed as lung cancer incidentally, is presented.
Case report: A 41-year-old man presented to the emergency room with cough, fever, and shortness of breath. On examination, breathing sounds changed by listening in the lung. Lung computerized tomography was performed due to shortness of breath while waiting for the PCR test. In addition to the findings of atypical viral pneumonia compatible with coronavirus infection in the tomography, there was a 44x64mm mass in the right lung middle lobe. Coronavirus treatment was initiated in the patient, whose PCR test was positive. The patient who responded to the treatment after one week was diagnosed as lung cancer as a result of the biopsy.
Conclusion: In the diagnosis of COVID-19, imaging has a crucial role. Incidental findings are commonly detected by computed tomography.
SOCIO-ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT IN DEVELOPED AND DEVELOPING COUNTRIES UNDER GLOBALIZATION: ESSENTIAL DIFFERENCES
Authors: Butkus Mindaugas , Jonušaitė Smiltė
Published: June 2020

Globalization is a process, which means the interrelationship of national economies across the whole world in affairs such as labor, trade, investment and the movement of services, goods and people with their knowledge and traditions. The phenomenon of globalization progresses all the time and involves total fields of the country. It can be claimed that every matter has its own advantages and disadvantages, globalization is not an exception. Because of these reasons, the study compares economic globalization, which manifests itself differently depending on the effects of globalization. Therefore, research objective – impact of globalization on strong and weak states of economic processes. Research objective – to analyze the contact of globalization on economic growth. Continuing, empirical research has chosen to investigate the interaction of some economic factors with real GDP, which is one of the main economic indicators characterizing the country’s economic development. The main idea in the future – to include as many economic factors as possible in the study in order to achieve more accurate results.