bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Inclusion of abortion-related care in national health benefit packages: results from a WHO global survey
Authors: Footman Katy , Goel Kratu , Rehnström Loi Ulrika , Mirelman Andrew J , Govender Veloshnee , Ganatra Bela
Published: August 2023

Introduction

Service inclusion in a country’s health benefit package (HBP) is an important milestone towards universal health coverage. This study aimed to explore HBP inclusion of abortion interventions globally.

Methods

Secondary analysis of the WHO HBP survey, in which officially nominated survey focal points were asked which interventions were included within the HBP of their country or area’s largest government health financing scheme. Abortion inclusion was compared by region, income, legal status of abortion and HBP design process variables. Abortion inclusion was compared with other sexual and reproductive health (SRH) services.

Results

Below half (45%) reported that abortion is included, but treatment of complications from unsafe abortion was more commonly included (63%). Fewer fully included essential abortion medications (22% mifepristone, 42% misoprostol). Abortion was less commonly included than any other SRH service in the survey. Unlike most SRH services, higher cost, higher technology care to treat complications of unsafe abortion was more commonly included than the relatively lower cost, lower technology service of induced abortion. Higher-income contexts and less restrictive legal environments had higher abortion inclusion. Some contexts had additional restrictions, with abortion inclusion dependent on the patient’s reason for seeking care.

Conclusion

This global survey finds that abortion services and medications are often not included within HBPs, while treatment of complications from unsafe abortion is more commonly included. There are opportunities to improve HBP abortion inclusion across different legal contexts, which can improve health outcomes and reduce the need for higher cost treatment of complications from unsafe abortion.
Role of lipoprotein(a) concentrations in bioprosthetic aortic valve degeneration
Authors: Farina Juan M , Chao Chieh-Ju , Pereyra Milagros , Roarke Michael , Said Ebram F , Barry Timothy , Alsidawi Said , Sell-Dottin Kristen , Sweeney John P , Fortuin David F , Ayoub Chadi , Lester Steven J , Oh Jae K , Arsanjani Reza , Marcotte Francois
Published: August 2023

Objectives

Lipoprotein(a) (Lp(a)) is associated with an increased incidence of native aortic stenosis, which shares similar pathological mechanisms with bioprosthetic aortic valve (bAV) degeneration. However, evidence regarding the role of Lp(a) concentrations in bAV degeneration is lacking. This study aims to evaluate the association between Lp(a) concentrations and bAV degeneration.

Methods

In this retrospective multicentre study, patients who underwent a bAV replacement between 1 January 2010 and 31 December 2020 and had a Lp(a) measurement were included. Echocardiography follow-up was performed to determine the presence of bioprosthetic valve degeneration, which was defined as an increase >10 mm Hg in mean gradient from baseline with concomitant decrease in effective orifice area and Doppler Velocity Index, or new moderate/severe prosthetic regurgitation. Levels of Lp(a) were compared between patients with and without degeneration and Cox regression analysis was performed to investigate the association between Lp(a) levels and bioprosthetic valve degeneration.

Results

In total, 210 cases were included (mean age 74.1±9.4 years, 72.4% males). Median time between baseline and follow-up echocardiography was 4.4 (IQR 3.7) years. Bioprostheses degeneration was observed in 33 (15.7%) patients at follow-up. Median serum levels of Lp(a) were significantly higher in patients affected by degeneration versus non-affected cases: 50.0 (IQR 72.0) vs 15.6 (IQR 48.6) mg/dL, p=0.002. In the regression analysis, high Lp(a) levels (≥30 mg/dL) were associated with degeneration both in a univariable analysis (HR 3.6, 95% CI 1.7 to 7.6, p=0.001) and multivariable analysis adjusted by other risk factors for bioprostheses degeneration (HR 4.4, 95% CI 1.9 to 10.4, p=0.001).

Conclusions

High serum Lp(a) is associated with bAV degeneration. Prospective studies are needed to confirm these findings and to investigate whether lowering Lp(a) levels could slow bioprostheses degradation.
Comprehensive characterisation of acinar cystic transformation of the pancreas: a systematic review
Authors: Mattiolo Paola , Wang Huamin , Basturk Olca , Brosens Lodewijk A A , Hong Seung-Mo , Adsay Volkan , Scarpa Aldo , Luchini Claudio
Published: August 2023

Aims

Acinar cystic transformation (ACT) of the pancreas is a rare pancreatic cystic lesion. Owing to its rarity, comprehensive histomolecular characterisation of this entity is still lacking. We aim to perform a systematic review on this controversial entity.

Methods

We searched PubMed, SCOPUS and Embase through May 2023 to identify all studies on ACTs. Clinicopathological, immunohistochemical (IHC) and molecular data have been extracted and analysed.

Results

Overall, there were 121 cases of ACTs in the literature. ACT had a female predominance (65.3% of patients), and a mean size of 4.8 cm. ACT was more often unifocal (71.9%) and multiloculate (61.2%). Histologically, the cysts were lined by an acinar epithelium, sometimes harbouring ductal-like areas (18.2%). In five cases (4.1%), an intralesional pancreatic intraepithelial neoplasia (PanIN) was reported. Preoperative diagnosis is challenging. After surgical resection, all patients were alive and disease free during follow-up except one patient who developed a second ACT after resection. By IHC, all lesions were positive for acinar markers; cytokeratin 7 and 8/18/19 were usually positive, and Ki-67 was invariably ≤3%. At the molecular level, three cases demonstrated genetic alterations: one showed multiple chromosomal gains, and other two harboured somatic mutations ofKRASandSMOgenes (one mutation per case).

Conclusions

Globally considered, our findings demonstrated that ACT is a benign entity, without the need of surgical resection with the exception of symptomatic lesions. The rare occurrence of intracystic PanINs and driver mutations suggest considering follow-up if a preoperative diagnosis of ACT can be made.
Foreign body removal by standing thoracotomy in a dairy cow
Authors: Domingues Joana , Hayes Ciara J , O Leary John Mark , Davies Daniel , Ryan Eoin Gerard
Published: August 2023

A three‐year‐old Holstein‐Friesian cow presented at University College Dublin Veterinary Hospital with clinical signs of chronic weight loss, abnormal stance, slight arching of the back and increased left cranioventral lung sounds. Traumatic reticulitis, following the ingestion of a foreign body, was suspected. Radiographs showed the presence of a wire that had perforated the diaphragm and penetrated cranially into the thorax. Ultrasonographic findings included hyperechogenic areas mainly cranioventrally on the left side of the thorax as well as changes indicative of lung consolidation. A standing left thoracotomy to remove the wire was successfully performed under standing sedation and regional anaesthesia. This involved the removal of a portion of the sixth rib to facilitate surgical access. A drainage tube was placed in order to manage the subsequent temporary unilateral pneumothorax. The cow recovered very well postsurgery, went back to the farm and calved four months later.
LINE-1: an emerging initiator of cGAS-STING signalling and inflammation that is dysregulated in disease
Authors: Mathavarajah Sabateeshan , Dellaire Graham
Published: August 2023

The cGAS-STING (cyclic GMP–AMP synthase (cGAS)–stimulator of interferon genes (STING)) axis integrates DNA damage and cellular stress with type I interferon (IFN) signalling to facilitate transcriptional changes underlying inflammatory stress responses. The cGAS-STING pathway responds to cytosolic DNA in the form of double-stranded DNA, micronuclei, and long interspersed nuclear element 1 (L1) retroelements. L1 retroelements are a class of self-propagating non-long terminal repeat transposons that have remained highly active in mammalian genomes. L1 retroelements are emerging as important inducers of cGAS-STING and IFN signalling, which are often dysregulated in several diseases, including cancer. A key repressor of cGAS-STING and L1 activity is the exonuclease three prime repair exonuclease 1 (TREX1), and loss of TREX1 promotes the accumulation of L1. In addition, L1 dysregulation is a common theme among diseases with chronic induction of type I IFN signalling through cGAS-STING, such as Aicardi–Goutières syndrome, Fanconi anemia, and dermatomyositis. Although TREX1 is highly conserved in tetrapod species, other suppressor proteins exist that inhibit L1 retrotransposition. These suppressor genes when mutated are often associated with diseases characterized by unchecked inflammation that is associated with high cGAS-STING activity and elevated levels of L1 expression. In this review, we discuss these interconnected pathways of L1 suppression and their role in the regulation of cGAS-STING and inflammation in disease.
Where ice gave way to fire: deglacial volcanic activity at the edge of the Coast Mountains in Milbanke Sound, BC
Authors: Hamilton Tark S. , Enkin Randolph J. , Li Zhen , Bednarski Jan M. , Stacey Cooper D. , McGann Mary L. , Jensen Britta J.L.
Published: August 2023

Kitasu Hill and MacGregor Cone formed along the Principe Laredo Fault on British Columbia’s central coast as the Wisconsinan ice sheet withdrew from the Coast Mountains. These small-volume Milbanke Sound Volcanoes (MSV) provide remarkable evidence for the intimate relationship between volcanic and glacial facies. The lavas are within-plate, differentiated (low MgO < 7%) Ocean Island Basalts, hawaiites, and mugearites that formed from ∼1% decompression melting of asthenosphere with residual garnet. Kitasu Hill, on glaciated bedrock, formed between 18 and 15 cal ka BP. Dipping, poorly stratified, admixed hyaloclastite, and glacial diamicton with large plutonic clasts and pillow breccia comprise its basal tuya platform (0–43 masl). Subaerial nested cinder cones, with smaller capping lava flows, sit atop the tuya. New marine samples show McGregor Cone formed subaerially but now sits submerged at 43–200 mbsl on an eroded moraine at the mouth of Finlayson Channel. Seismic data and cores reveal glaciomarine sediments draping the cone’s lower slopes and show beach terraces. Cores contain glaciomarine diamictons, ice-rafted debris, delicate glassy air fall tephra, and shallow, sublittoral, and deeper benthic foraminifera. Dates of 14.1–11.2 cal ka BP show volcanism spanned ∼2000 years during floating ice shelf conditions. The MSV have similar proximal positions to the retreating ice sheet, display mixed volcano-glacial facies, and experienced similar unloading stresses during deglaciation. The MSV may represent deglacially triggered volcanism. The dates, geomorphic and geological evidence, constrain a local relative sea level curve for Milbanke Sound and show how ice gave way to fire.
Regular black holes from analytic $$f(F^2)$$
Authors: Li Zhi-Chao , Lü H.
Published: August 2023

We construct regular black holes and horizonless spacetimes that are geodesically complete and satisfy the dominant energy condition from Einstein-$$f(F^2)$$

f
(

F
2

)

gravities with several classes of analytic $$f(F^2)$$

f
(

F
2

)

functions that can be viewed as perturbations to Maxwell’s theory in weak field limit. We establish that regular black holes with special static metric ($$g_{tt} g_{rr}=-1$$

g

tt

g

rr

=
-
1

) violate the strong energy condition and such a regular black hole with Minkowski core violates the null energy condition. We develop a formalism to perform electromagnetic duality transformations in $$f(F^2)$$

f
(

F
2

)

. We obtain two new explicit examples where the duality is a symmetry. We study the properties of the corresponding dyonic black holes. We study the geodesic motions of a particular class of solutions that we call horizonless or black hole repulsons.
Predictions for exclusive $$\varUpsilon $$ photoproduction in ultraperipheral $${\textrm{Pb}}+{\textrm{Pb}}$$ collisions at the LHC at next-to-leading order in perturbative QCD
Authors: Eskola Kari J. , Flett Christopher A. , Guzey Vadim , Löytäinen Topi , Paukkunen Hannu
Published: August 2023

We present predictions for the rapidity-differential cross sections of exclusive $$\varUpsilon $$
Υ
photoproduction in ultraperipheral collisions (UPCs) of lead ions at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC). We work in the framework of collinear factorization at next-to-leading order (NLO) in perturbative QCD, modeling the generalized parton distributions (GPDs) through the Shuvaev transform of nuclear parton distribution functions (nPDFs). Our direct NLO predictions depend significantly on nPDF uncertainties and on the choices of the factorization and renormalization scales, but to a much lesser degree on GPD modeling. To tame the scale dependence and to account for the fact that the NLO calculations generally underpredict the photoproduction measurements on protons, we also present alternative, data-driven predictions. In this approach the underlying photoproduction cross sections on lead are found by combining their nuclear modifications calculated at NLO with the measured photoproduction cross sections on protons. The data-driven strategy reduces the uncertainties associated with the scale choices, and essentially eliminates the effects of GPD modeling thereby leaving the cross sections sensitive mainly to the input nPDFs. Our estimates indicate that the process is measurable in $${\textrm{Pb}}+{\textrm{Pb}}$$

Pb
+
Pb

collisions at the LHC.
Left-Symmetric Superalgebra Structures on an Infinite-Dimensional Lie Superalgebra
Authors: Chen Hongjia , Hassan Omer
Published: August 2023

In this note, the compatible left-symmetric superalgebra structures on an infinite-dimensional Lie superalgebra with some natural grading conditions are completely determined. The results of earlier work on left-symmetric algebra structures on the Virasoro algebra play an essential role in determining these compatible structures.
The Comaximal Graphs of Noncommutative Rings
Authors: Shen Shouqiang , Liu Weijun , Feng Lihua
Published: August 2023

For a ring [Formula: see text] (not necessarily commutative) with identity, the comaximal graph of [Formula: see text], denoted by [Formula: see text], is a graph whose vertices are all the nonunit elements of [Formula: see text], and two distinct vertices [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] are adjacent if and only if [Formula: see text]. In this paper we consider a subgraph [Formula: see text] of [Formula: see text] induced by [Formula: see text], where [Formula: see text] is the set of all left-invertible elements of [Formula: see text]. We characterize those rings [Formula: see text] for which [Formula: see text] is a complete graph or a star graph, where [Formula: see text] is the Jacobson radical of [Formula: see text]. We investigate the clique number and the chromatic number of the graph [Formula: see text], and we prove that if every left ideal of [Formula: see text] is symmetric, then this graph is connected and its diameter is at most 3. Moreover, we completely characterize the diameter of [Formula: see text]. We also investigate the properties of [Formula: see text] when [Formula: see text] is a split graph.
PollutionMapper: Identifying Global Air Pollution Sources
Authors: Agarwal Dhruv , Iyengar Srinivasan , Kumar Pankaj
Published: August 2023

Air pollution adversely impacts public health. The National Capital Region (Delhi-NCR) is among the most polluted urban areas in the world. One component of air pollution is PM2.5, which accounts for around 80% of deaths due to air pollution. Solutions for lowering PM2.5 levels in Delhi have been ineffective due to their unscientific design. In this article, we build a mixed-methods model that captures the interplay of various factors—geographical, chemical, meteorological—that contribute to the concentration of PM2.5. Using domain knowledge and KDE sampling from NASA’s GEOS-CF dataset, we identify the major sources of each of the seven constituents of PM2.5. From the 68 sources thus selected, we run the NOAA’s HYSPLIT wind dispersion model to track the movement of released particles to the sink, i.e., Delhi. Using the concentration of pollutants at the sources and by tracking their movement, we can predict the PM2.5 levels at the sink and identify polluting sources. Our model performed significantly better than the baseline fixed-effects model and captured seasonal variations in all seven constituents of PM2.5. It also uncovered the impact of polluting sources hundreds of kilometers away on the air of Delhi. Policymakers can use such a model to design data-driven policy interventions.
Stochastic Approximation for Multi-period Simulation Optimization with Streaming Input Data
Authors: He Linyun , Shanbhag Uday V. , Song Eunhye
Published: August 2023

We consider a continuous-valued simulation optimization (SO) problem, where a simulator is built to optimize an expected performance measure of a real-world system while parameters of the simulator are estimated from streaming data collected periodically from the system. At each period, a new batch of data is combined with the cumulative data and the parameters are re-estimated with higher precision. The system requires the decision variable to be selected in all periods. Therefore, it is sensible for the decision-maker to update the decision variable at each period by solving a more precise SO problem with the updated parameter estimate to reduce the performance loss with respect to the target system. We define this decision-making process as the multi-period SO problem and introduce a multi-period stochastic approximation (SA) framework that generates a sequence of solutions. Two algorithms are proposed: Re-start SA (
ReSA
) reinitializes the stepsize sequence in each period, whereas Warm-start SA (
WaSA
) carefully tunes the stepsizes, taking both fewer and shorter gradient-descent steps in later periods as parameter estimates become increasingly more precise. We show that under suitable strong convexity and regularity conditions,
ReSA
and
WaSA
achieve the best possible convergence rate in expected sub-optimality either when an unbiased or a simultaneous perturbation gradient estimator is employed, while
WaSA
accrues significantly lower computational cost as the number of periods increases. In addition, we present the
regularized
ReSA
, which obviates the need to know the strong convexity constant and achieves the same convergence rate at the expense of additional computation.
Enhanced Structural and Electrochemical Properties of Zn-Doped NiCo2O4 Synthesized by Low-Temperature Microwave Hydrothermal Process
Authors: Maheshwaram Sathyanarayana , Gaddameedi Sriramulu , Chidurala Shilpa Chakra , Katlakunta Sadhana , Mudutanapalli Venkata Narayana , Daripalli Srinivasu , Butreddy Ravinder Reddy
Published: August 2023

The specific capacitance (Cp) is an important parameter influencing the energy storage capacity of materials. In this study, a series of NiZn
x
Co2-x
O4 (x = 0.0–0.10) nanoparticles were prepared using the microwave-hydrothermal (M-H) method. The samples were characterized by using X-ray diffraction (XRD), Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier transform Infrared (FTIR), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and electrochemical studies. It is observed from X-ray diffraction that all the samples are cubic in nature with space group Fd-3m. The average lattice constant is varied in between 7.63 (x = 0.0) to 8.34 (x = 0.10). The linear increase in lattice constant is due to the difference in the ionic radii. The average grain size is in the range of 80 (x = 0.0) − 124 nm (x = 0.10) for all the samples, and grains are found to be spherical in nature. The characteristic metal oxygen vibration bands were observed at 578 cm−1 and 661 cm−1. The valence states of Ni2+/Ni3+, Co2+/Co3+ and Zn2+ were confirmed by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. The electrochemical studies were performed on all the samples. The high value of specific capacitance (Cp) 871.91 Fg−1 is observed for sample x = 0.06. Therefore, Zn doped NiCo2O4 shows good impedance and electrochemical properties which is promising material for supercapacitor applications.
Optimal Selection Role of Chelating Agents in the Synthesis of YFeO3 Nanomaterials Prepared via Sol-gel Technique
Authors: Singh Bittu , Rajeswari G. , Anil Kumar Y. P. C. S. , Paliki Ajay Kumar , Gangadhar S. , Chandra Bhuwan
Published: August 2023

The present paper focuses on the selection of the optimal composition of YFeO3 polycrystalline materials which were prepared by using the sol-gel technique in the presence of different chelating agents, such as glycine, ethylene diamine tetraacetic acid (EDTA), urea and starch. The chelating agents used in the synthesis of YFeO3 were selected based on the good to excellent physical and magnetic properties that they demonstrated. The structural phase purity of YFeO3 formed with different chelating agents was examined with the help of the X-ray diffraction (XRD) technique. The synthesized compounds exhibited orthorhombic structure and Pnma space group, which was further confirmed with the help of Rietveld refinement. The surface morphology of these compounds with different chelating agents showed the particles with different sizes within the range of 750 nm to 940 nm. The surface areas of YFO materials (Glycine, Urea, and Starch) were found to be almost similar within a close range of 4.34 m2 g−1. But in the case of YFO (EDTA) material, a value of 7.34 m2 g−1 was noticed, which is quite higher as compared to the other chelating agents used in this study. The desired property of magnetization (1.80 emu g−1) and coercive field (54.83 Oe) for the YFO (EDTA) material showed decent values as compared with glycine, urea, and starch as chelating agents for YFO. The optical band gap for the synthesized compounds was estimated with the help of a Tauc plot considering the indirect band gap, which is comparable with the existing values as mentioned in the standard reports. The optical band gap was found to be in the range of 2 eV. It was observed that YFO (EDTA) material acted as a better chelating agent, which was confirmed with the help of the above results.
Fabrication and Characterization of Graphene-Barium Titanate-Graphene Layered Capacitors by Spin Coating at Low Processing Temperatures
Authors: Habib Md. Shehan , Farhad Syed Farid Uddin , Tanvir Nazmul Islam , Alam Md. Sha , Bitu Md. Nur Amin , Islam Md. Saidul , Islam Suravi , Khatun Nazia , Hossain Mohammad Sajjad , Shaikh Md. Aftab Ali
Published: August 2023

Barium titanate, BaTiO3 (BT), materials have been synthesized by two different routes. One ball-mill-derived (BMD) nanopowder and another precursor-derived (PCD) BT synthesis method were used separately to fabricate BT thin films on stainless steel (SS) and quartz substrates by spin coating. Then thin films from both synthesis routes were characterized by Ultraviolet-Visible-Near Infrared (UV–vis-NIR) Spectroscopy, Field-Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FE-SEM), X-ray Diffractometry (XRD), Raman Spectroscopy, and Four-point collinear probe; all carried out at room temperature. Our studies revealed that the PCD synthesis process did not produce the BT phase even under the 900 °C air-annealing condition. In contrast, a homogeneous BT thin film has been formed from the BMD-BT nanopowder. The optical bandgap of BMD-BT thin films was found in the 3.10–3.31 eV range. Finally, a Graphene-Barium Titanate-Graphene (G-BT-G) structure was fabricated on an SS substrate by spin coating at processing temperatures below 100 °C and characterized by two different pieces of equipment: a Potentiostat/Galvanostat (PG-STAT) and a Precision Impedance Analyzer (PIA). The G-BT-G structure exhibited a capacitance of 8 nF and 7.15 nF, a highest dielectric constant of 800 and 790, and a low dielectric loss of 4.5 and 5, investigated by PG-STAT and PIA equipment, respectively.
High-fat diet during pregnancy promotes fetal skeletal muscle fatty acid oxidation and insulin resistance in an ovine model
Authors: Omar Asma K. , Li Puma Lance C. , Whitcomb Luke A. , Risk Briana D. , Witt Aria C. , Bruemmer Jason E. , Winger Quinton A. , Bouma Gerrit J. , Chicco Adam J.
Published: August 2023

Maternal diet during pregnancy is associated with offspring metabolic risk trajectory in humans and animal models, but the prenatal origins of these effects are less clear. This study examined the effects of a high-fat diet during pregnancy on metabolic risk parameters using a new sheep model. Results align with findings previously reported in nonhuman primates, demonstrating changes in fetal skeletal muscle metabolism that may predispose offspring to metabolic syndrome later in life.
COVID‐19: An Overview of SARS‐CoV‐2 Variants—The Current Vaccines and Drug Development
Authors: Bostanghadiri Narjess , Ziaeefar Pardis , Mofrad Morvarid Golrokh , Yousefzadeh Parsa , Hashemi Ali , Darban-Sarokhalil Davood
Published: August 2023

The world is presently in crisis facing an outbreak of a health‐threatening microorganism known as COVID‐19, responsible for causing uncommon viral pneumonia in humans. The virus was first reported in Wuhan, China, in early December 2019, and it quickly became a global concern due to the pandemic. Challenges in this regard have been compounded by the emergence of several variants such as B.1.1.7, B.1.351, P1, and B.1.617, which show an increase in transmission power and resistance to therapies and vaccines. Ongoing researches are focused on developing and manufacturing standard treatment strategies and effective vaccines to control the pandemic. Despite developing several vaccines such as Pfizer/BioNTech and Moderna approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and other vaccines in phase 4 clinical trials, preventive measures are mandatory to control the COVID‐19 pandemic. In this review, based on the latest findings, we will discuss different types of drugs as therapeutic options and confirmed or developing vaccine candidates against SARS‐CoV‐2. We also discuss in detail the challenges posed by the variants and their effect on therapeutic and preventive interventions.
The Effect of Remaining Coronal Tissue Height on the Fracture Strength of Over-Flared Endodontically Treated Central Incisors Restored Using a Multipost Approach
Authors: Farshbaf-antik Mahsa , Abed-Kahnamouei Mahdi , Alizadeh-Oskoee Parnian , Mohammadi Narmin , Savadi-Oskoee Siavash
Published: August 2023

Objectives. This study aimed to examine the effect of remaining coronal tissue height on the fracture strength of over-flared endodontically treated central incisors restored with multiple prefabricated fiberglass posts using the multipost approach. Materials and Methods. A total of 40 human central maxillary incisors were examined in this study. The samples were assigned to five groups (n = 8) based on the height of the remaining coronal tissue: with no remaining coronal tissue, 1-mm coronal tissue height (CTH1), 2-mm coronal tissue height, 3-mm coronal tissue height (CTH3), and one intact tooth (IT) group. Following endodontic treatment of an over-flared canal, the postspace depth was 10 mm, and the residual dentin thickness was 1 mm. Two prefabricated fiberglass posts were cemented into the root canal, adopting a multipost approach. The static load was applied at 0.5 mm/min and 135° concerning the tooth’s longitudinal axis until a fracture occurred. One-way analysis of variance and the post hoc Tukey’s test were performed to analyze the data at a significance level of

p
<
0.05

. Results. The maximum fracture strength was recorded for IT (control group), while the minimum fracture strength was found for teeth with a coronal tissue height of 1 mm. The differences between IT group and other groups (

p
<
0.05

), as well as the differences between the group with CTH3 and groups without coronal tissue and CTH1, were significant. Conclusion. In sum, an increase in the height of the remaining coronal tissue (≥3 mm) significantly increased the fracture strength of over-flared endodontically treated central incisors after restoration with prefabricated fiberglass posts by adopting a multipost approach.
Least Square Estimation-Based Different Fast Fading Channel Models in MIMO-OFDM Systems
Authors: Hussein Walaa , Audah Kamil , Noordin N. K. , Kraiem Habib , Flah Aymen , Fadlee Mohd , Ismail Alyani
Published: August 2023

In cellular wireless communication systems, channel estimation (CE) plays a pivotal role as a crucial technique applied in orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) modulation. CE utilizes a variety of methods, including decision-directed channel estimation, pilot-assisted channel estimation (PACE), and blind channel estimation. Among these options, PACE is widely favored for its remarkable stability and consistent superior performance. The idea of massive multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) shows tremendous potential for the future of wireless communications. However, existing massive MIMO systems face challenges with their high computational complexity and intricate spatial structures, preventing efficient utilization of channel and sparsity features in these multiantenna systems. In communication channels, the signal received is often influenced by the characteristics of the channel and noise present at the receiver. To address this issue, an efficient dataset is utilized, employing the least square (LS) algorithm for minimization. OFDM is a commonly and widely used modulation method in communication systems utilized to specifically combat resonance fading in wireless channels. In wireless communication systems employing OFDM-MIMO, frequency selectivity and time-varying attributes due to multipath channels cause Intercarrier Interference (ICI) among symbols. Channel estimation is a vital aspect for mitigating the effects of fading channels. This investigation focuses on the application of a method examined in the study, which involves a block-type pilot symbol-assisted estimation technique for Rayleigh and Rician fading channel models. The research assesses the performance of the least square (LS) channel estimators in fast-fading channel models while employing various symbol mapping techniques focusing on bit error rate, throughput, and mean square error. The results indicate that the LS estimator exhibits excellent performance in Rayleigh and AWGN channels within the pedestrian A (PedA) model for both uplink and downlink scenarios. It outperforms the PedA model without channel estimation.
Graph Energy Variants and Topological Indices in Platinum Anticancer Drug Design: Mathematical Insights and Computational Analysis with DFT and QTAIM
Authors: Wazzan Suha , Ozalan Nurten Urlu
Published: August 2023

In this paper, we present a new approach that explores the application of graph energy variants in chemistry, specifically in the development of platinum anticancer drugs. While previous energy variants have been proposed without considering their direct relevance to chemistry, our study focuses on two key aspects. First, we investigate the correlation between seven degree-based and four distance-based topological indices and their corresponding energies in platinum anticancer drugs. Furthermore, we mathematically analyze the properties of these energies, establishing upper and lower bounds that can be generalized to other structures. Second, we examine the possibility of utilizing the energies of these topological indices as structural descriptors. Our research showcases promising results, suggesting potential improvements in the future manufacturing of anticancer drugs. In addition, we employ density functional theory

D
F
T

calculations to optimize the molecular structures of platinum anticancer drugs and identify local reactive sites using Fukui functions. Quantum theory of atoms in molecules

Q
T
A
I
M

was carried out at the bond critical point

B
C
P

, to reveal the nature of the intermolecular interactions in the investigated ten Pt anticancer drugs, especially, the nature of bonds between Pt atoms and their bond atoms. Overall, this study presents an innovative approach that bridges graph energies, topological indices, and DFT with the properties (physical and chemical) of platinum anticancer drugs, offering insights into their molecular properties and potential for enhanced drug design.
Valuing Equity-Linked Death Benefits on Multiple Life with Time until Death following a

K

n

Distribution
Authors: Adékambi Franck , Konzou Essomanda
Published: August 2023

The purpose of this paper is to investigate the valuation of equity-linked death benefit contracts and the multiple life insurance on two heads based on a joint survival model. Using the exponential Wiener process assumption for the stock price process and a

K

n

distribution for the time until death, we provide explicit formulas for the expectation of the discounted payment of the guaranteed minimum death benefit products, and we derive closed expressions for some options and numerical illustrations. We investigate multiple life insurance based on a joint survival using the bivariate Sarmanov distribution with

K

n

(i.e., the Laplace transform of their density function is a ratio of two polynomials of degree at most) marginal distributions. We present analytical results of the joint-life status.
Chromosomal Instability in Various Generations of Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells Following the Therapeutic Radiation
Authors: Sadeghi Moghadam Majid , Azimian Hosein , Tavakol Afshari Jalil , Bahreyni Toossi Mohammad Taghi , Kaffash Farkhad Najmeh , Aghaee-Bakhtiari Seyed Hamid
Published: August 2023

Background. Radiotherapy is a crucial treatment for most malignancies. However, it can cause several side effects, including the development of secondary malignancies due to radiation-induced genomic instability (RIGI). The aim of this study was to evaluate genomic instability in human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) at different X-ray radiation doses. Additionally, the study aimed to examine the relative expression of certain genes involved in DNA repair, proto-oncogenes, and tumor suppressor genes. Methods. After extracting, characterizing, and expanding hMSCs, they were exposed to X-ray beams at doses of 0, 0.5, 2, and 6 Gy. Nuclear alterations were evaluated through the cytokinesis-block micronucleus (CBMN) assay at 2, 10, and 15 days postirradiation. The expressions of BRCA1, BRCA2, TP53, Bax, Bcl2, and KRAS genes were analyzed 48 hr after irradiation to evaluate genomic responses to different radiation doses. Results. The mean incidence of micronuclei, nucleoplasmic bridges, and nuclear buds was 4.8 ± 1.6, 47.6 ± 6, and 18 ± 2.6, respectively, in the nonirradiated group 48 hr after the fourth passage, per 1,000 binucleated cells. The incidence of micronuclei in groups exposed to 0.5, 2, and 6 Gy of radiation was 14.3 ± 4.9, 32.3 ± 6.5, and 55 ± 9.1, respectively, 48 hr after irradiation. The expression levels of the BRCA2, Bax, TP53, and KRAS genes significantly increased after exposure to 6 Gy radiation compared to the control groups. However, there was no significant increase in BRCA1 and Bcl2 gene expression in our study. Conclusion. This study demonstrated significant nuclear alterations in the 10 days postirradiation due to the RIGIs that they inherited from their irradiated ancestral cells. While chromosomal instability is a prevalent event in malignant cells, so it seems necessary to optimize radiotherapy treatment protocols for tissues that contain stem cells, especially with IMRT, which delivers a low dose to a larger volume of tissues.
Supplementary Data T4 from A Survey of Cancer Risk Behaviors, Beliefs, and Social Drivers of Health in New Hampshire and Vermont
Authors: Skipper Thomas A. , Weiss Julie E. , Carlos Heather A. , Gunn Christine M. , Hasson Rian M. , Peacock Janet L. , Schiffelbein Jenna E. , Tosteson Anna N.A. , Lansigan Frederick , Rees Judy R.
Published: August 2023

Cancer beliefs by rurality and educational attainment
Supplementary Table 7 from The Genetic Landscape of Ocular Adnexa MALT Lymphoma Reveals Frequent Aberrations in NFAT and MEF2B Signaling Pathways
Authors: Magistri Marco , Happ Lanie E. , Ramdial Jeremy , Lu XiaoQing , Stathias Vasileios , Kunkalla Kranthi , Agarwal Nitin , Jiang Xiaoyu , Schürer Stephan C. , Dubovy Sander R. , Chapman Jennifer R. , Vega Francisco , Dave Sandeep , Lossos Izidore S.
Published: August 2023

GSEA results filter.
Supplementary Table 6 from The Genetic Landscape of Ocular Adnexa MALT Lymphoma Reveals Frequent Aberrations in NFAT and MEF2B Signaling Pathways
Authors: Magistri Marco , Happ Lanie E. , Ramdial Jeremy , Lu XiaoQing , Stathias Vasileios , Kunkalla Kranthi , Agarwal Nitin , Jiang Xiaoyu , Schürer Stephan C. , Dubovy Sander R. , Chapman Jennifer R. , Vega Francisco , Dave Sandeep , Lossos Izidore S.
Published: August 2023

RNA expression in analyzed specimens.
Supplementary Table 3 from The Genetic Landscape of Ocular Adnexa MALT Lymphoma Reveals Frequent Aberrations in NFAT and MEF2B Signaling Pathways
Authors: Magistri Marco , Happ Lanie E. , Ramdial Jeremy , Lu XiaoQing , Stathias Vasileios , Kunkalla Kranthi , Agarwal Nitin , Jiang Xiaoyu , Schürer Stephan C. , Dubovy Sander R. , Chapman Jennifer R. , Vega Francisco , Dave Sandeep , Lossos Izidore S.
Published: August 2023

Copy Number Variants Calling Results.
FIGURE 6 from The Genetic Landscape of Ocular Adnexa MALT Lymphoma Reveals Frequent Aberrations in NFAT and MEF2B Signaling Pathways
Authors: Magistri Marco , Happ Lanie E. , Ramdial Jeremy , Lu XiaoQing , Stathias Vasileios , Kunkalla Kranthi , Agarwal Nitin , Jiang Xiaoyu , Schürer Stephan C. , Dubovy Sander R. , Chapman Jennifer R. , Vega Francisco , Dave Sandeep , Lossos Izidore S.
Published: August 2023

Effects of CABIN1 alterations on gene expression and NFAT activation. A, Heat maps showing FPKM values of genes that are differentially expressed in WT versus CABIN1 KD SSK41 cells after α-IgM F(ab’)2 stimulation. These genes are significantly enriched for leukocyte activation signature, NFAT and MAF2B targets. B, IHC analysis of NFAT expression and localization in OAMZL tumors with WT CABIN 1 (top left) and CABIN1 CN losses (bottom left). For control, NFAT antibody staining showed cytosolic expression in germinal center of normal lymph nodes (top right), while no staining detectable in the uterus (bottom right). Magnification: top left and right and bottom left, 40×; bottom right, 10×. Insets, 100×. C, NFATc1 (green) immunofluorescence in OAMZL tissue sections with WT and mutated CABIN1. Image analysis of mean nuclear fluorescence signal intensities were done using ImageJ software. ****, P < 0.0001. D, Cell viability assay of SSK41 WT, shRNA control, and CABIN1 KD cells treated for 72 hours with increasing concentrations of cyclosporin A. HEK293 cells are not sensitive to cyclosporin A and were used as control.
FIGURE 3 from The Genetic Landscape of Ocular Adnexa MALT Lymphoma Reveals Frequent Aberrations in NFAT and MEF2B Signaling Pathways
Authors: Magistri Marco , Happ Lanie E. , Ramdial Jeremy , Lu XiaoQing , Stathias Vasileios , Kunkalla Kranthi , Agarwal Nitin , Jiang Xiaoyu , Schürer Stephan C. , Dubovy Sander R. , Chapman Jennifer R. , Vega Francisco , Dave Sandeep , Lossos Izidore S.
Published: August 2023

Oncoprints showing alterations occurring at any frequency in OAMZL tumors in genes belonging to MZ development pathways. A, BCR signaling. B, NF-κB signaling. Genes marked in red in A and B are found in both the BCR and NF-κB signaling pathways. C, NOTCH signaling. Columns correspond to individual patients while genes and their alteration frequency are listed in rows. D, Cooccurrence of genetic alterations of BCR, NF-κB, and NOTCH signaling pathways in individual tumors. Samples that are exclusively altered in the same set of genes shared by BCR and NF-κB signaling pathways are marked with asterisks. The color code for each type of alteration is illustrated in the figure key.
Optimal PV array configurations for partial shading conditions
Authors: R. Kareem Parween , Algburi Sameer , Jasim Husniyah , H. Hasan Fattah
Published: August 2023

Increasing the effectiveness of photovoltaic (PV) power generation systems is a major barrier to their widespread use. Partial shading conditions (PSCs), which are caused by nearby objects like trees, buildings, and clouds, reduce the energy produced by PV systems and may be mitigated by the reconfiguration of PV arrays. A novel approach dubbed a modified series-parallel (MSP) setup, was suggested in this paper and compares its performance to four PV configuration strategies: series-parallel (SP), total-cross-tied (TCT), bridge-linked (BL), and honey-comb (HC). A 3×3 solar array is used in five partial shading arrangements. MATLAB/Simulink simulates all shading conditions. This study indicated that MSP delivers high performance and is superior to all other configurations in terms of maximum power in even and uneven row-shaded cases. in the case of an even column shaded, the performance of (SP, BL, HC, and TCT) was equal in terms of the maximum power obtained, while MSP was the least in comparison. the performance of the TCT configuration was the best compared to the other configuration when shading the PV system vertically unevenly. Finally, for diagonal shading, TCT and MSP configurations work best. Shading loss, mismatch loss and fill factor (FF) results were also compared.
Green-emitting YBO3:Ce3+,Tb3+ phosphor photoluminescence characteristics for close UV stimulation
Authors: Minh Trung Ho , Hanh Nguyen Thi My , Le Thai Nguyen
Published: August 2023

Through a solid state process, YBO3:Ce3+,Tb3+ was created via rare earth oxides along with boric acid. The phosphor absorbs close-ultraviolet illumination through the transitions 4f-5d of Ce3+, then emits a wide spectrum of light through the transitions 5d-4f of Ce3+ and a sharp spectrum of light through the transitions 4f-4f of Tb3+. Nonradioactive power transmission between Ce3+ and Tb3+ has been seen in samples with varying amounts of Ce3+ and Tb3+ using spectroscopic analysis. The quantities of Ce3+ as well as Tb3+ decides the hue for the YBO3:Ce3+,Tb3+ emission, ranging between blue and green. The Y0.82Ce0.03Tb0.15BO3 phosphor, which emits green light when optimized, has an exterior quantum effectiveness of 76.7% and an emission color of (0.309, 0.547). This phosphor's luminescence strength maintains 87% of its strength at ambient temperature, demonstrating enough heat stability for white illumination emitting diode implementations.
Efficient bright green phosphor for white light-emitting diode using in backlight application
Authors: Doan Duy Le , Hanh Nguyen Thi My , Thinh Nhan Hoang
Published: August 2023

The (Ba,Ca)ScO2F:Bi3+,K+  phosphor with narrow emission band and green emission color peaking at 510 nm is demonstrated in the study. This phosphor is prepared using a solid-state reaction at high temperatures. Based on characterizing data, the increasing concentration of Ca2+ induces the shrinkage of the unit cell and the narrower spacing, leading to the increase in the photoluminescence of the phosphor. This also cause a red shift in the emitting range from 504 nm to 510 nm. The phosphor shows good absorption peaking at 415 nm, matching the excitation wavelength of the used nearultraviolet (UV) light emitting diode (LED) chip. When being applied in a white light‐emitting diodes (WLED) with 4,000 K, the phosphor could increase the luminous flux as its doping concentration increase. Besides, the WLED doping (Ba, Ca) ScO2F: Bi3+, K+ shows emission regions in blue, green, and red wavelength bands. The data from the study indicates that the phosphor is potential for developing the white-LED for backlight purposes.
Ternary arithmetic and logic unit with carbon nanotube-based field-effect transistors for ultra-low power and high-speed applications
Authors: Krishna Peddachowdappa Murali , Vardhan Vishnu
Published: August 2023

The number of consumers for different applications has expanded tremendously as a result of the growth of consumer electronics-related applications in numerous sectors. Customers often need high-speed applications that use a minimal amount of power for a variety of applications like signal processing, picture processing, communication systems, and so on. The speed of a ternary logic-based design might be greater than that of a binary logic-based one. In this study, a novel architecture for arithmetic and logic units (ALUs) is proposed. The design makes use of ternary logic. In order to accomplish both low power consumption and high performance, methodologies for designing carbon nanotube-based field-effect transistors (CNTFETs) are employed. The method that has been suggested is able to carry out operations such as addition, subtraction, multiplication, reasoning, and comparison. After developing the recommended model, it is compared to earlier designs for power delay product (PDP), average power consumption, and maximum delay duration. The simulation findings show that the carbon nanotube field effect transistors (CNTFET) based ternary ALU circuits outperformed conventional ternary full adder circuits. The suggested design had a delay time of 13.94 ps and a PDP of 5.32 aJ, while the old design had a delay time of 17.67 ps and a PDP of 51.38 aJ.
Segmentation of brain tissue using improved kernelized rough-fuzzy c-means technique
Authors: Hatem Jabbar Hiyam , Majeed Muttasher Raed , Fattah Dakhil Ali
Published: August 2023

Brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) data is a hot topic in the domains of biomedical engineering and machine learning. Without locating anomalies, such as tumors and edema, radiologists and other medical experts cannot effectively recommend or administer therapy for patients. Having three different magnetic resonance techniques (T1 weighted, T2 weighted, and T3 weighted), MRI can produce detailed multimodal scans of different human brain tissues with varying contrast, which can help pinpoint the source of any abnormalities. The cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), white matter (WM), and grey matter (GM) are all components of the brain, and their boundaries are sometimes hazy and difficult to nail down. In light of the problems above, this paper makes an effort to tackle issues like: i) the noise that exists in the brain datasets for MRI, ii) the fuzziness, uncertainty, overlap, indiscernibility of complex brain tissue regions, iii) the inability of traditional unsupervised methods to reliably distinguish between various brain tissue locations, and iv) ineffective performance. We propose some robust techniques by utilise spatial contextual data, a rough set, a fuzzy set, and ultimately a fuzzy set to steer the clustering process in a better direction, allowing it to deal with likely noise, outliers, and other artifacts.
Breast cancer diagnosis based on support vector machine techniques
Authors: Mohammed Ameen Ruaa H. , Moyasser Basheer Nasseer , Khazal Younis Ahmed
Published: August 2023

In general, breast cancer is a fatal disease; however, early detection can significantly reduce the risk of death. A physician's experience in detecting and diagnosing breast саnсеr can be aided by automated feature extraction аnd classification procedures. Clinical exams and imaging studies are typically used to make a diagnosis of breast cancer. Mammography is by far the most common imaging technique used to detect the early warning signs of breast cancer. The goal of this paper is to design a computer-aided diagnosis/detection (CAD) system by utilizing image processing techniques. These techniques will represent the first stage in the system, and they will significantly contribute to improving diagnostic accuracy. Next is the “Histogram of oriented gradients (HOG)” technique, which was used to extract features. The final stage involves applying machine learning techniques (MLT), in this case the support vector machine (SVM), a widely used method for detecting breast cancer using mammograms. In testing, the proposed model was found to be 94.74% accurate.