bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Performance, body composition, and physiological response of tambaqui fed diet with green tea extract
Authors: Corrêa Carline Barroso , Veras Galileu Crovatto , Silva Giselle Paula Silva da , Brabo Marcos Ferreira , Silva Evaldo Martins
Published: August 2018

Abstract: The objective of this work was to evaluate the performance, body composition, and physiological state of tambaqui (Colossoma macropomum) fingerlings fed diets containing different levels of green tea (Camellia sinensis) extract (GTE). A completely randomized design was used with five treatments, different levels of GTE (0.00, 0.05, 0.30, 0.55, and 0.80 g kg-1) and three replicates. The diets were offered to fingerlings twice a day, for 90 days. The increase of dietary GTE levels promoted a positive quadratic effect on body lipids, hepatic lipids, retention of body lipids, glucose, and total triglycerides, and the minimum values of these variables were estimated with 0.61, 0.54, 0.73, 0.60, and 0.30g kg-1 GTE in the diet, respectively. There was a negative quadratic effect of the extract on body protein and hemoglobin with the increased GTE dietary level, and the maximum values of these variables were estimated with 0.59 and 0.46 g kg-1 GTE dietary level, respectively. Total cholesterol levels showed a linear reduction with increased GTE dietary level. The inclusion of GTE in the diet, although not affecting performance, decreases body and hepatic fat; reduces the levels of total cholesterol, triglycerides, and glucose; and promotes the increase of body protein of tambaqui fingerlings, improving fish health conditions, during cultivation, and the quality of the final product.
Suppressive effects on weeds and dry matter yields of cover crops
Authors: Ferreira Alexandre Cunha de Barcellos , Borin Ana Luiza Dias Coelho , Bogiani Julio Cesar , Lamas Fernando Mendes
Published: August 2018

Abstract: The objective of this work was to evaluate the dry matter yield of cover crops and their suppressive effects on weeds. The experiment was carried out during three years in a cerrado area of the state of Goiás, Brazil, and consisted of 16 treatments with fallow and cover crops cultivated in single cropping and intercropping. Fallow allowed high weed infestation. Cover crops affected the composition of weeds, which showed greater diversity in fallow, followed by the Pennisetum glaucum 'BRS 1501' and Cajanus cajan crops. In the average of the three experimental years, the highest dry matter yield was observed for the treatments Panicum maximum (10,857 kg ha-1), Urochloa brizantha 'Piatã' (11,437 kg ha-1), U. ruziziensis (9,463 kg ha-1), and U. ruziziensis intercropped with Crotalaria spectabilis (9,167 kg ha-1), which prevented weed infestation. Pennisetum glaucum 'BRS 1501' had a low dry matter yield (<5,000 kg ha-1) and did not suppress weeds. Panicum maximum, U. brizantha 'Piatã', U. ruziziensis, and U. ruziziensis intercropped with C. spectabilis provide high dry matter yield and suppress weed infestation in the cerrado area.
Marker-assisted pyramiding of resistance loci to grape downy mildew
Authors: Saifert Luciano , Sánchez-Mora Fernando David , Assumpção Wilson Taybar , Zanghelini Jean Alberto , Giacometti Renan , Novak Eduardo Irineu , Vesco Lírio Luiz Dal , Nodari Rubens Onofre , Eibach Rudolf , Welter Leocir José
Published: August 2018

Abstract: The objective of this work was to use a marker-assisted selection for pyramiding the resistance loci Rpv1 and Rpv3.1 in grapevine (Vitis vinifera), and to evaluate their conferred resistance against Brazilian downy mildew (Plasmopara viticola) isolates. A progeny of 23 plants, segregating for the two resistance loci, was obtained by the cross between the Gf 2000-305-122 and Gf.Ga-52-42 genotypes. The progeny was genotyped with four microsatellite markers and phenotyped for resistance to P. viticola using a bioassay with leaf discs. Six plants containing the Rpv1 and Rpv3.1 pyramided loci were identified by the molecular analysis. Plants harboring the Rpv1 + Rpv3.1, Rpv3.1, and Rpv1 loci showed 12.8, 30.0, and 33.1 sporangiophores per leaf disc, respectively. Plants with no resistance loci showed a dense sporulation. The phenotypic analysis of the expression of the two pyramided loci was only confirmed for four plants that showed the highest resistance level, i.e., mean value of 1.8 sporangiophores. A high-throughput method for pyramiding the Rpv1 and Rpv3.1 loci was developed, which confirmed the increased resistance to P. viticola. The selected elite genetic material shows a high resistance to downy mildew and elevated enological potential for grapevine breeding in Brazil.
Functional response of Trichogramma pretiosum on Trichoplusia ni eggs at different temperatures and egg densities
Authors: Milanez André Malacarne , Carvalho José Romário de , Lima Victor Luiz Souza , Pratissoli Dirceu
Published: August 2018

Abstract: The objective of this work was to determine the functional response of the parasitoid Trichogramma pretiosum on Trichoplusia ni eggs at different temperatures (20, 25, and 30ºC) and egg densities (5, 10, 15, 20, 25, and 30 eggs). The logistic regression showed a type-II functional response for all temperatures. The search efficiency of T. pretiosum was reported as 0.049±0.0019, 0.069±0.0042 and 0.068±0.0033 per hour, and the estimated handling times were 1.82±0.0424, 1.69±0.0398, and 1.54±0.0498 hour at 20, 25 and 30ºC, respectively. Females of Trichogramma pretiosum show greater efficiency at 30ºC and a type-II functional response. The parasitism rate decreases, when host density increases.
Hans Betzhold y el “superhombre” chileno: historia de una decepción, 1938-1943
Authors: Sánchez-Delgado Marcelo , Cárcamo-Gebhardt Nicolás
Published: August 2018

Resumen El médico chileno Hans Betzhold publicó en 1939 el libro Eugenesia, obra que recibió múltiples galardones y tuvo una segunda edición en 1942. Ambas ediciones y la participación de Betzhold en las Segundas Jornadas Peruanas de Eugenesia de 1943 lo muestran como un actor importante del campo eugénico chileno. Este trabajo analiza su transición desde la publicación de Eugenesia, en la cual propone una Oficina Nacional de Eugenesia aunando proyectos y leyes existentes para hacer realidad el ideal eugénico hasta su intervención, en el año 1943 en la que su optimismo cede a la decepción en torno a la tarea de engendrar un “superhombre chileno”.
Avaliação do efeito da adição de probiótico na dieta de alevinos e juvenis de tilápias-do-nilo (Oreochromis niloticus) criados em esgoto doméstico tratado
Authors: Ferreira Antônio Hosmylton Carvalho , Lopes João Batista , Araripe Maria de Nasaré Bona Alencar , Monteiro Cleto Augusto Baratta , Andrade Francisco Teixeira
Published: August 2018

RESUMO A pesquisa foi desenvolvida para avaliar o efeito da utilização de probiótico (Bacillus licheniformis, Bacillus cereus, Bacillus subitillis, leveduras e Saccharomyces cerevisiae e Saccharomyces boulardi) em rações para tilápias, nas fases de alevino e juvenil, submetidas a desafio sanitário sobre o desempenho, a composição bromatológica da carcaça dos animais e a qualidade da água. Foram utilizados 360 alevinos, com peso médio inicial de 2,91±0,37 g e comprimento médio inicial 3,30±0,27 cm. Os tratamentos consistiram de: T1) peixes cultivados em água limpa, alimentados com ração comercial, sem uso de probiótico; T2) peixes cultivados em água de esgoto doméstico tratado e alimentados com ração comercial, sem uso de probiótico; T3) peixes cultivados em condição semelhante ao T2, com ração acrescida de probiótico. Na avaliação dos parâmetros físico-químicos do esgoto sanitário tratado, independentemente da presença ou não de cepas probióticas, apresentam-se com elevada produtividade primária. O uso de probiótico (Bacillus licheniformis, Bacillus cereus e Bacillus subitillis; e leveduras - Saccharomyces cerevisiae e Saccharomyces boulardi) promove melhorias nos parâmetros de consumo de ração e taxa de crescimento específico em tilápias-do-nilo cultivadas em água tratada de esgoto doméstico, reduz a proporção de extrato etéreo no ganho de peso e eleva a proporção de proteína bruta no ganho de peso. Porém, não influencia o ganho de peso, a conversão alimentar aparente e a sobrevivência dos peixes. Os animais cultivados em água de esgoto sanitário tratado, independentemente do uso ou não das cepas probióticas, apresentam um maior teor de proteína e menor teor de gordura.
Desenvolvimento de um biorreator de grânulos aeróbios para tratamento de água residuária sintética e reativação do sistema após parada prolongada
Authors: Mata Ana Maria Tavares da , Pinheiro Helena Maria , Lourenço Nídia Dana
Published: August 2018

RESUMO Este trabalho teve por objetivo produzir lodo granular aeróbio num reator em batelada sequencial não tubular, uma geometria diferente da usualmente utilizada nesses sistemas. Este reator foi inoculado com lodo ativado proveniente de uma estação de tratamento de esgoto municipal. O reator foi operado com ciclos de seis horas, com cinco horas de reação totalmente aeróbia. O efluente simulado continha um derivado de amido usado na indústria têxtil. A indução da granulação foi conseguida por meio da redução gradual do tempo de sedimentação, verificando-se que este é um parâmetro crítico do sistema. Após estabilização, com um tempo de sedimentação de 3 minutos, obteve-se um índice volumétrico de lodo de 25 mL.gSST-1, uma concentração de biomassa de 7 gSST.L-1 e uma eficiência de remoção da demanda química de oxigênio de 88%. Os grânulos obtidos foram armazenados úmidos durante 7 meses, a 4 e 25ºC, obtendo-se resultados excecionais na repartida dos reatores, com rápida recuperação das suas características de sedimentação, taxa de crescimento, estrutura e integridade granulares.
Magnetite/chitosan composite particles as adsorbents for Reactive Blue 19 dye
Authors: Ibanescu Alina , Alexandrica Maria Celina , Hritcu Doina , Chiscan Ovidiu , Popa Marcel Ionel
Published: August 2018

Magnetite/chitosan composite particles were prepared by in situ partial oxidation of ferrous ions uniformly dispersed in the polymer solution, followed by matrix precipitation under alkaline conditions and cross-linking by addition of glutaraldehyde. The obtained material was characterized regarding average particle size, saturation magnetization, crystallinity, morphology and composition. Its potential as a non-expensive, environmentally friendly adsorbent for synthetic textile dye Remazol Brilliant Blue (Reactive Blue 19) removal from simulated wastewater was evaluated. Batch adsorption studies were conducted in order to optimize the pH, initial dye concentration and contact time. The data were analyzed using adsorption isotherms and kinetic models. Desorption tests were also performed. The results prove that the composite is an efficient adsorbent that acts in a short time and reaches a high capacity. The magnetic component ensures fast separation from the liquid phase, thus holding promise for saving energy and time in an industrial setting by avoiding filtration and/or sedimentation processes.
Training the Interdisciplinary Civilian Airman
Authors: Lees David W , Dannar Paul , Schindler James H. , Martin James R.
Published: August 2018

Competency Based Education (CBE) is becoming increasingly popular with Department of Defense (DoD) training and education.  Air University, located at Maxwell Air Force Base (AFB) Alabama, recently identified CBE as a key factor for consideration in future training.  This article discusses Air Force Competencies, analyzes the evaluation of competencies, and transfer of learning.  The Civilian Associate’s Degree, currently under beta testing, is discussed as an example of the need to consider transfer of learning with respect to institutional competencies.  Beta testing of the Associate of Applied Science Degree in Air Force Leadership and Management Studies is meant to pave the way for the development and implementation of Civilian Airman training.  Based on Civilian Associate’s Degree (CAD) Beta Testing student data, our research examines how CAD faculty can best capture professional interdisciplinary knowledge and experiences present in incoming students.  In turn, leadership and management theories will add to the student knowledge and experience.  This paper is an effort to capture the utilization of previous professional student experiences while developing and updating course curriculum based upon research and Beta Test student data.
Correlation of microalbuminuria with neuropathy in type-II diabetes mellitus patients
Authors: Bariha P. K. , Tudu K. M. , Kujur Shiny Thomas
Published: August 2018

Background: The microvascular and macrovascular complications in diabetes mellitus resulting in microalbuminuria and diabetic neuropathy in common in developing country like India. The aim of the study has been undertaken to emphasis upon the association of microalbuminuria with neuropathy.Methods: The study was undertaken among 124 Type-II diabetes patients in the Department of Medicine, VIMSAR, Burla, Odisha between October 2015 to September 2017. Detail history, clinical examination, BMI, laboratory investigation like FBS, PPBS, HbA1C, nerve conduction study was done, and data were analysed and compiled.Results: Out of 124 patients the mean age of male patients in the study was 49.75 years and that of female patients was 50.36 years. The mean age of the study population was 50.18 years. The mean BMI in patients with and without microalbuminuria was 23.95±2.04kg/m2 and 21.57±2.89kg/m2 respectively. The mean HbA1C value in patients with and without microalbuminuria was 9.96±3.380 and 8.75±3.25 respectively.Conclusions: Microalbuminuria is significantly associated with presence of neuropathy. The most common type of neuropathy observed in this study was distal symmetrical sensory motor neuropathy. Hence, microalbuminuria has an important role as a biochemical marker for risk factor evaluation of microvascular complications in type 2 diabetes mellitus.
Nipah virus in India: past, present and future
Authors: M. S. Prarthana
Published: August 2018

Nipah virus (NiV) is one of the emerging highly pathogenic virus. Like Ebola and Zika viruses, NiV too is threatening the integrity of the mankind. The family Paramyxoviruses has been traditionally associated with a group of viruses with narrow host range and typically causes outbreaks with low mortality rates. But with the emergence of highly pathogenic Hendra virus and closely related NiV, they have evolved as a cause of fatal encephalitis across broad range of vertebrate species including humans. The natural reservoir of NiV is Pteropus bat, which is apparently distributed all over the South East Asia. The bat population from North East to North West states in India have NiV antibodies which mean there is active NiV infection among Indian bats. As NiV is associated with high morbidity and mortality they pose a risk from natural outbreaks, laboratory accidents or deliberate misuse. The development of effective prevention and treatment strategies is very crucial. Preparedness, surveillance, constant vigil needs to be carried out continuously in the country. The present outbreak in India after nearly eleven years with a high case fatality rate indicate that there is a total lack of health care systems preparedness and surveillance strategy. The anthropogenic and environmental changes occurring due to rapid urbanization and massive deforestation has made India now even more vulnerable for such recurrent outbreaks. This review highlights the changing trend of the NiV outbreaks in the past and the current outbreak in India.
Impacto financeiro na Gestão de Estoque dos produtos com defeito de uma loja de departamento
Authors: Lima Milenna Hellen Da Silva , Sinézio Martins Edlaine Correia , Silva Márcio Carvalho da , Cavalcanti Maria da Conceição Monteiro
Published: August 2018

Reverse logistics has been used by organizations because it is considered an instrument of socioeconomic development that enables the reduction of costs during the production process. This research aims to evaluate the inventory management of defective products of a department store. As specific objectives it aims to understand the reverse logistics channel of a department store in the retail sector; describe the operation of the shop’s reverse logistics information system; describe and measure its Inventory 9000 costs over a period of 06 months, and compare inventory costs with investment alternatives. In order to reach these objectives the methodology used was characterized as applied, exploratory descriptive, qualitative-quantitative, documentary and bibliographic. Data collection was done through on-site observation, analysis of indexes and reports and data obtained through access to the company’s information systems. The treatment and analysis of the data occurred through the use of the ABC Curve, logistic performance indexes, tables and bar graphs. A bibliographic review was carried out in order to provide the necessary background for the argumentation of the topic addressed and the proposition of possible interventions that lead to the solution of the problems encountered. Based on this research it was possible to conclude that the difficulties faced in the return process of defective products returned to the store are caused by failures in the transfer of information from the logistics information systems used by the store. It was also possible to observe these shortcomings that have hampered the productivity of the stock 
“Peer Teaching Strategy To Increase Mathematics Proficiency Level” (An Action Research) (Eastern Samar State University)
Authors: Lacaba Alvin Bituaran , Magalona Jason D. , G. Lacaba Teresita Villa
Published: August 2018

Peer Teaching/tutoring is used as school-based intervention that has been shown to improve academic skills, generate development of appropriate social skills, and enhance peer relations for both tutees and tutors.

The purpose of this study was to determine the effectiveness of the implementation of a peer teaching/tutoring program in mathematics on the academic achievement level of Grade 3 pupils in Lupok Central School.

This study aimed to analyse peer teaching as an intervention strategy that will increase the performance among Grade 3 Mathematics pupils at Lupok Central School, Guiuan North District, Guiuan Eastern Samar through the 1st and 4th Grading periods of School Year 2017 - 2018. Specifically, it sought to answer the following questions:

What is the Mean Percentage Score (MPS) in Mathematics of Grade 3 Pupils in Lupok Central School at the beginning of 1st Grading of School Year 2017 – 2018 before peer teaching intervention?

What is the Mean Percentage Score in Mathematics of Grade 3 Pupils in Lupok Central School at the end of 4th Grading of School Year 2017 – 2018 after peer teaching intervention?

Is there a Significant difference before and after the intervention program?

What intervention program may be proposed based on the findings of the study?

Based on the data gathered/collected from the class adviser of Grade 3 Section Bougainvillea in Lupok Central School, the result of base line MPS from 1st Grading period specifically in mathematics subject is 74.22 which is considered below the 75% proficiency level.

  The result showed a radical increase in Mean Percentage Score in mathematics subject after the intervention was given to the Grade 3 pupils with the previous result of 74.22% from the 1st Grading into 82.11% MPS result in the 4th Grading period.

The results of the study further revealed that the implementation of Peer teaching strategy has a positive effect in increasing the academic performance in mathematics of Grade 3 pupils.  There was 7.89% increase in MPS for mathematics subject from the first grading to the fourth grading period.
APRESENTAÇÃO: EDUCAÇÃO E TRABALHO EM DEBATES
Authors: Andrade Aldair Oliveira de , Reis Filho Milton Melo dos , Araújo Wagner dos Reis Marques , Siqueira Antonio Marcos de Oliveira
Published: August 2018

Os temas Educação e Trabalho têm recebido, particularmente nos últimos tempos, grande impulso por conta de dezenas de produções recentes de livros, que resultam do surgimento de novos autores preocupados em compreender e explicar o contexto brasileiro, some-se a isso um número cada vez mais expressivo de dissertações e teses que surgem para anunciar novas alternativas e possibilidades focadas na educação e no mundo do trabalho. É com este propósito que o segundo volume da REVES – Relações Sociais apresenta-se, com a intenção de aprofundar análises, mergulhando em um temário pertinente e necessário, numa época em que o ensino básico vivencia um movimento de debates e de reflexões em razão da nova Base Nacional Comum Curricular, a tão propalada BNCC, que instala as novas evidências e tendências no contexto da educação formal na atualidade, o período marcado por mudanças aceleradas e de crise paradigmática, de modo a questionar e analisar o ser docente e a sua lida com o trabalho, com também um momento em que o capital, em sua sanha devoradora, tem sofisticado seus mecanismos de acumulação, pelo sucateamento, pela precarização das condições de condições de trabalho, pela dilapidação de direitos em conluio com o poder estabelecido. Neste sentido, os diversos artigos submetidos a esta Revista, nos permitiu
A ECONOMIA POPULAR ENTRELAÇADA COM A ECONOMIA CAPITALISTA: O CASO DOS METALÚRGICOS ORGANIZADOS EM PEQUENAS UNIDADES DE PRODUÇÃO DA SERRA GAÚCHA
Authors: Corrêa Ivan Livindo de Senna , Fischer Maria Clara Bueno
Published: August 2018

Este artigo faz parte dos estudos de doutorado em educação e tem como objetivo analisar as relações entre as cooperações simples, solidária e comunitária estabelecidas pelos trabalhadores metalúrgicos organizados em pequenas unidades produção da Serra Gaúcha. Essas relações constituem o que estamos denominando de entrelaçamento da economia popular com a economia capitalista. Como estratégia investigativa, realizou-se: uma observação participante junto a seis pequenas unidades de produção localizadas nos municípios de Canela-RS e Caxias do Sul-RS; e uma entrevista semiestruturada com dez trabalhadores que concordaram em participar da pesquisa. Os dados foram analisados com base no materialismo histórico e dialético. Como resultado da investigação observou-se que, a sobrevivência das pequenas unidades de produção depende das redes de cooperação solidárias onde a existência de trabalho não remunerado garante a permanência desses trabalhadores no setor metalomecânico. Observou-se também, que o capital captura as relações solidárias como estratégia de valorização para a sua reprodução ampliada. Também se observou singularidades que estabelecem relações da economia popular e solidária que priorizam a reprodução ampliada da vida que, embora alimente a reprodução do capital transcende essa lógica de acumulação.
Effect of yeast based mannan oligosaccharide (Actigen™) supplementation on growth, carcass characteristics and physiological response in broiler chickens
Authors: Waqas M. , Mehmood S. , Mahmud A. , . Saima , Hussain J. , Ahmad S. , Khan M. Tahir , Rehman A. , Zia M. W. , Shaheen M. S.
Published: August 2018

The effect of a prebiotic mannan oligosaccharides (Actigen™) supplementation for 35 days was analyzed on growth, carcass traits and blood physiology of broilers. A total of 360-day-old broilers distributed under completely randomized design into four treatment groups with 24 replicates of 15 birds each was fed with Actigen™ supplemented diets @ 0.2, 0.4 and 0.6 g/Kg and a control diet. Data for growth performance were collected weekly while slaughtering data at 35th day. Results showed that the birds fed with Actigen™ added diet @ 0.6 g/Kg exhibited improved livability% (98.88±1.11), feed intake (3391.68±38.70 g), body weight (2157.66±31.52 g), weight gain (2111.49±30.89 g), FCR (1.57±0.03), dressing% (72.28±0.40), breast yield% (29.58±0.05), thigh yield% (31.61±0.30) and blood biochemical parameters. Superior (P£0.05) antibody response against ND and IB were recorded in birds exposed to Actigen™ supplemented diet @ 0.6 g/Kg. It was concluded that Actigen™ supplementation @ 0.6 g/Kg corroborated to improve growth, carcass traits, blood biochemistry and antibody response in broilers.
Explaining brazilian portuguese resistance to stress shift with a coupled-oscillator model of speech rhythm production
Authors: Barbosa Plínio Almeida
Published: August 2018

Um modelo de osciladores acoplados da produção do ritmo da fala é apresentado, modelo este capaz de reproduzir via simulação os padrões de duração de unidades do tamanho da sílaba em português brasileiro, incluindo casos de encontro acentual. Para tanto, os parâmetros do modelo são otimizados com relação a frases naturais e manipulados convenientemente a fim de reproduzir os dados comportamentais. Ao comparar padrões de duração para três tipos de unidades prosódicas mínimas (sílaba, GIPC e rima) em condição ou não de choque acentual, não se encontrou evidência clara para o deslocamento acentual: os padrões nas duas condições exibem um aumento da duração das unidades em questão em direção ao acento frasal à direita. Discute-se uma possível relação do deslocamento acentual com a colocação do pitch accent bem como com a alternância de proeminências ao longo do enunciado.
Resveratrol Sensitizes Lung Cancer Cell to TRAIL by p53 Independent and Suppression of Akt/NF-κB Signaling
Authors: Rasheduzzaman Mohammad , Jeong Jae-Kyo , Park Sang-Youel
Published: August 2018

Aims TRAIL is a promising anticancer agent that has the potential to sensitize a wide variety of cancer or transformed cells by inducing apoptosis. However, resistance to TRAIL is a growing concern. Current manuscript aimed to employing combination treatment to investigate resveratrol induced TRAIL sensitization in NSCLC. Method A549 and HCC-15 cells were used in experimental design. Cell viability was determined by morphological image, crystal violet staining and MTT assay. Apoptosis was evaluated by LDH assay, Annexin V and DAPI staining. Autophagy and apoptosis indicator protein were examined by western blotting. TEM and puncta assay were carried out to evaluate the autophagy. MTP and ROS activity were evaluated by JC-1 and H2DCFDA staining. Findings Resveratrol is a polyphenolic compound capable of activation of tumor suppressor p53 and its pro-apoptotic modulator PUMA. Herein, we showed the p53-independent apoptosis by decrease the expression of phosphorylated Akt-mediated suppression of NF-κB that is also substantiated with the downregulation of anti-apoptotic factors Bcl-2 and Bcl-xl in NSCLC, resulting in an attenuation of TRAIL resistance in combined treatment. Furthermore, apoptosis was induced in TRAIL-resistant lung cancer cells with a co-treatment of resveratrol and TRAIL assessed by the loss of MMP, ROS generations which resulting the translocation of cytochrome c from the mitochondria into the cytosol due to mitochondrial dysfunction. Moreover, autophagy flux was not affected by resveratrol-induced TRAIL-mediated apoptosis in NSCLC. Significance Overall, targeting the NF-κB (p65) pathway via resveratrol attenuates TRAIL resistance and induces TRAIL-mediated apoptosis which could be the effective TRAIL-based cancer therapy regimen.
Evolve Then Filter Regularization for Stochastic Reduced Order Modeling
Authors: Xie Xuping , Bao Feng , Webster Clayton G.
Published: August 2018

In this paper, we introduce the evolve-then-filter (EF) regularization method for reduced order modeling of convection-dominated stochastic systems. The standard Galerkin projection reduced order model (G-ROM) yield numerical oscillations in a convection-dominated regime. The evolve-then-filter reduced order model (EF-ROM) aims at the numerical stabilization of the standard G-ROM, which uses explicit ROM spatial filter to regularize various terms in the reduced order model (ROM). Our numerical results based on a stochastic Burgers equation with linear multiplicative noise. It shows that the EF-ROM is significantly better results than G-ROM.
Gravity without Newton's Gravitational Constant and No Knowledge of Mass Size
Authors: Gaarder Haug Espen
Published: August 2018

In this paper we show that the Schwarzschild radius can be extracted easily from any gravitationally-linked phenomena without having knowledge of the Newton gravitational constant or the mass size of the gravitational object. Further, the Schwarzschild radius can be used to predict any gravity phenomena accurately, again without knowledge of the Newton gravitational constant and also without knowledge of the size of the mass, although this may seem surprising at first. Hidden within the Schwarzschild radius are the mass of the gravitational object, the Planck mass (their relative mass), and the Planck length. We do not claim to have all the answers, but this seems to indicate that gravity is quantized, even at a cosmological scale, and this quantization is directly linked to the Planck units. This also supports our view that the Newton gravitational constant is a universal composite constant of the form G = l p 2 c 3 ℏ , rather than relying on the Planck units as a function of G. This does not mean that Newton’s gravitational constant is not a universal constant, but that it is instead a composite universal constant that depends on the Planck length, the speed of light, and the Planck constant. Further, G × 1   weight  unit c 2 = G c 2 is the Schwarzschild radius off one weight unit. So G is only needed when we want to use gravity to find the weight of an object, such as weighing the Earth. This is, to our knowledge, the first paper that shows how a long series of major gravity predictions and measurements can be completed without any knowledge of the mass size of the object, or Newton’s gravitational constant. As a minimum we think it provides an interesting new angle for evaluating existing gravity theories, and it may even give us a small hint on how to combine quantum gravity with Newton and Einstein gravity.
Aging and Disability: The Need of A Bridge To Promote Wellbeing, Quality Of Life And Participation
Authors: Petretto Donatella Rita , Gaviano Luca , Pili Lorenzo , Pili Roberto
Published: August 2018

In the last decades there has been a progressive aging of the population, known as “demographic revolution” or “demographic transition”. As a consequence of the worldwide progressive aging of population and of the increasing of general life expectancy, the relationship between aging and disability became a very important one and received a huge interest in research for its consequences on participation, inclusion and quality of life of ageing people and for its consequences on socio-sanitary organizations. The aim of this paper is to analyze this relationship and to discuss consequences on participation, inclusion and quality of life of ageing people, according to recent conceptual models of disability and active ageing. According to previous papers this relationship could be considered in two ways: ageing with disability (which refers to people living with long-term effects of disabling conditions acquired from birth to middle age) and disability with ageing (which refers to people which disabling conditions acquired later or age-related conditions), but newer papers proposed a convergence of these two approaches, taking into account the similarities and the differences between the two ways.
The Ex-Post Economic Evaluation of Water Resource Management in South Korea: Meta-Regression Analysis
Authors: Kim Hyun No , Ahn SoEun
Published: August 2018

Water management can improve the quality of valuable ecosystem services but can be costly to implement and the management costs are covered by national taxes collected by water users. Based on 30 valuation studies of water quality improvement from the Environmental Valuation Information System (EVIS) database provided by Korea Environment Institute (KEI), a meta-regression analysis was employed to measure the benefits that major river basins provided to the society. We compare these benefits to the costs, namely River Management Funds (RMFs) which are financial resources to support a variety of projects for managing and improving upstream water quality. Based on benefit-cost comparison, this study evaluates the efficiency of water resource management in South Korea. This study also provides policy options that are helpful to maintain the sustainability of water resource by improving the planning and performance of water management in the long run.
Why Is a Boycott of the Elections a Bad Idea?
Authors: Eshaghi Gordji Madjid , Askari Gholamreza , Abdi Hamed
Published: August 2018

By studying game theory, we find that the Nash equilibrium does not exist in some games or, if there is in one, does not describe a real event. Here we show that the matching pennies game with pure strategy has the solution, but this solution is a game that happens simultaneously with this game. Using this solution, we will answer the Brookings Institution's question of boycotting the elections whether the opposition's boycott of elections is, in different circumstances, a defeated strategy. A strategy that its result in most cases is a failure or political suicide and the least possible consequence by the opposition. The findings of this article show that in general, it can be concluded that the election boycott strategy is a dominated strategy, and most of the opposition groups that have used it have failed and they donated the playground to the ruling group.
Effect of Transport Properties on Thermoelectric Generators Design, A review
Authors: Karami Rad Meysam
Published: August 2018

Abstract Due to the relatively low efficiency of thermoelectric (TE) generators, they have mostly been used in niche applications where the unique properties of TE generators outweigh their lack of efficiency, or conditions where it is more reasonable to base the optimal design on maximum generated power rather than maximum efficiency. The aim of this work is to investigate how the different fundamental transport properties (Seebeck coefficient, thermal conductivity and electrical resistivity) in materials with equal figure of merit (ZT) impact TE module design and maximum power output. Further, we discuss and review the strategies to enhance material properties and the latest studies on the TE module performance. It is shown, that by increasing the power factor by a factor of 15 and decreasing the thermal conductivity by 13.33 in order to maintain ZT=1, power output is increased by 45%. This effect is stronger in lower module fill factor and thermal resistance of the heat source and heat sink.
Genome-Wide Association Study Identifies QTL and Candidate Genes Governing Seed Mucilage Content and Hull Content in Flax (Linum usitatissimum L.)
Authors: Soto-Cerda Braulio J. , Cloutier Sylvie , Quian Rocío , Gajardo Humberto A. , Olivos Marcos , M. You Frank
Published: August 2018

New flaxseed cultivars differing in seed mucilage content (MC) with low hull content (HC) represent an attractive option to simultaneously target the food and feed markets. Here, a genome-wide association study (GWAS) was conducted for MC and HC in 200 diverse flaxseed accessions genotyped with 1.7 million SNP markers. The data obtained for MC and HC indicated a broad phenotypic variation and high (~70%) and a moderate (~49%) narrow sense heritability, respectively. MC and HC did not differ statistically between fiber and oil morphotypes, but yellow-seeded accessions had 2.7% less HC than brown-seeded ones. The genome wide linkage disequilibrium (LD) decayed to r2 = 0.1 at a physical distance of ~100 Kb. Seven and four QTL were identified for MC and HC, respectively. Promising candidate genes included Linum usitatissimum orthologs of the Arabidopsis thaliana genes TRANSPARENT TESTA 8, SUBTILISIN-LIKE SERINE PROTEASE, GALACTUROSYL TRANSFERASE-LIKE 5, MUCILAGE-MODIFIED 4, AGAMOUS-LIKE MADS-BOX PROTEIN AGL62, GLYCOSYL HYDROLASE FAMILY 17 and UDP-GLUCOSE FLAVONOL 3-O-GLUCOSYLTRANSFERASE that have been shown to play a role in mucilage synthesis and release, seed coat development and anthocyanin biosynthesis in A. thaliana were identified. The favorable alleles will be useful in flaxseed breeding towards the goal of achieving the ideal flaxseed cultivars for food and feed by genomic-based breeding.
Different Efflux Transporter Affinity and Metabolism of 99mTc-2-methoxyisobutylisonitrile and 99mTc-Tetrofosmin for Multidrug Resistance Monitoring in Cancer Cells
Authors: Kobayashi Masato , Tsujiuchi Takafumi , Okui Yuya , Mizutani Asuka , Nishi Kodai , Nakanishi Takeo , Nishii Ryuichi , Fukuchi Kazuki , Tamai Ikumi , Kawai Keiichi
Published: August 2018

Objectives: Little is known about the affinity of 99mTc-labeled 2-methoxyisobutylisonitrile (99mTc-MIBI) and tetrofosmin (99mTc-TF) for multiple drug resistance in cancer cells. Additionally, if 99mTc-labeled compounds are metabolized immediately after injection, imaging with these compounds may not allow monitoring of multiple drug resistance in cancer cells. We examined the affinity of 99mTc-labeled compounds for these transporters and their stability in vivo. Methods: 99mTc-MIBI or 99mTc-TF was incubated in vesicles expressing P-glycoprotein (MDR1), multidrug resistance-associated protein (MRP)1-4, or breast cancer resistance protein with and without verapamil (MDR1 inhibitor) or MK-571 (MRP inhibitor). Time activity curves of 99mTc-labeled compounds were established using SK-N-SH neuroblastoma, SK-MEL-28 melanoma, and PC-3 prostate adenocarcinoma cell lines, and transporter expression of multiple drug resistance was measured in these cells. The stability of 99mTc-labeled compounds was evaluated in mice and human liver S9 fractions. Results: In vesicles, 99mTc-labeled compounds had affinity for MDR1 and MRP1. 99mTc-TF had additional affinity for MRP2 and MRP3. In SK-N-SH cells expressing MDR1 and MRP1, MK-571 produced the highest uptake of both 99mTc-labeled compounds. 99mTc-MIBI uptake with inhibitors was higher than 99mTc-TF uptake with inhibitors. 99mTc-TF was taken up more in SK-MEL-28 cells expressing MRP1 and MRP2 than PC-3 cells expressing MRP1 and MRP3. 99mTc-MIBI was metabolized after a 30-min incubation in SK-N-SH cells, mouse liver, human liver S9 fractions, and plasma. 99mTc-TF had high stability. Conclusion: 99mTc-MIBI is exported via MDR1 and MRP1 (MRP1 > MDR1) at greater levels and more quickly compared to 99mTc-TF, which is exported via MDR1 and MRP1-3 (MRP1 > MDR1; MRP1, 2 > MRP3). Although 99mTc-MIBI is metabolized, clinical imaging for monitoring MDR and shorter examination times may be possible with an earlier scanning time on late phase imaging. 99mTc-TF has high stability and accurately reflects the function of MDR1 and MRP1-3.
Composition and Genetic Diversity of the Nicotiana tabacum Microbiome in Different Topographic Areas and Growth Periods
Authors: Yuan Xiaolong , Liu Xinmin , Du Yongmei , Shen Guoming , Zhang Zhongfeng , Li Jinhai , Zhang Peng
Published: August 2018

Fungal endophytes are the most ubiquitous plant symbionts on earth and are phylogenetically diverse. Studies on the fungal endophytes in tobacco have shown that they are widely distributed in the leaves, stems, and roots, and play important roles in the composition of the microbial ecosystem of tobacco. Herein, we analyzed and quantified the endophytic fungi of healthy tobacco leaves at the seedling (SS), resettling growth (RGS), fast-growing (FGS), and maturing (MS) stages at three altitudes [600 (L), 1000 (M), and 1300 m (H)]. We sequenced the ITS region of fungal samples to delimit operational taxonomic units (OTUs) and phylogenetically characterize the communities. The result showed the number of clustering OTUs at SS, RGS, FGS and MS were greater than 170, 245, 140, and 164, respectively. At the phylum level, species in Ascomycota and Basidiomycota had absolute predominance, representing 97.8% and 2.0 % of the total number of species. We also found the number of unique fungi at the RGS and FGS stages were higher than those in the other two stages. Additionally, OTU richness was determined by calculating the Observed Species, Shannon, Simpson, Chao1, ACE, Goods coverage and PD_whole_tree indices based on the total number of species. Our results showed RGS samples had the highest diversity indices. Furthermore, we found that the diversity of fungal communities tended to decrease with increasing tobacco growth altitude. The results from this study indicated that the tobacco harbors an abundant and diverse endophytic fungal population, which provides new opportunities for exploration their potential utilization.
Second Law and Non-Equilibrium Entropy of Schottky Systems --Doubts and Verification--
Authors: Muschik Wolfgang
Published: August 2018

Meixner's historical remark in 1969 "... it can be shown that the concept of entropy in the absence of equilibrium is in fact not only questionable but that it cannot even be defined...." is investigated from today's insight. Several statements --such as the three laws of phenomenological thermodynamics, the embedding theorem and the adiabatical uniqueness-- are used to get rid of non-equilibrium entropy as a primitive concept. In this framework, Clausius inequality of open systems can be derived by use of the defining inequalities which establish the non-equilibrium quantities contact temperature and non-equilibrium molar entropy which allow to describe the interaction between the Schottky system and its controlling equilibrium environment.
Shape Preservation of Tension Controlled Ternary 4-point Non-Stationary Interpolating Subdivision Scheme
Authors: Pervez Khurram , Shah Syed Hussain
Published: August 2018

The aim of this work is to analyze and investigate the shape preserving properties of ternary 4-point non-stationary interpolating subdivision schemes constructed by Beccari et al. [1] with a tension parameter !k+1 which can reproducing exponential. Moreover, the conditions on the initial control points are developed that allow user to generate shape preserving limit curves after a nite number of subdivision steps and generalize these results in limiting case. Signicance of derived conditions are illustrated through graphs and the whole discussion is followed by examples.
High Pressure Photoreduction of CO2: Effect of Catalyst Formulation, Hole Scavenger Addition and Operating Conditions
Authors: Bahadori Elnaz , Tripodi Antonio , Villa Alberto , Pirola Carlo , Prati Laura , Ramis Gianguido , Rossetti Ilenia
Published: August 2018

The photoreduction of CO2 is an intriguing process, which allows the synthesis of fuels and chemicals. One of the limitations for CO2 photoreduction in the liquid phase is its low solubility in water. This point has been here addressed by designing a fully innovative concept of pressurized photoreactor, allowing operation up to 20 bar and applied to improve the productivity of this very challenging process. The photoreduction of CO2 in the liquid phase was performed using commercial TiO2 (Evonink P25), TiO2 obtained by flame spray pyrolysis (FSP) and gold doped P25 (0.2 wt% Au-P25) in the presence of Na2SO3 as hole scavenger (HS). The different reaction parameters (catalyst concentration, pH and amount of HS) have been addressed. The products in liquid phase were formic acid and formaldehyde. Moreover, for longer reaction time and with total consumption of HS, gas phase products formed (H2 and CO) after accumulation of significant amount of organic compounds in the liquid phase, due to their consecutive photoreforming. Enhanced CO2 solubility in water was achieved by adding a base (pH= 12-14). In basic environment, CO2 formed carbonates which further reduced to formaldehyde and formic acid and consequently formed CO/CO2+H2 in the gas phase through photoreforming. The deposition of small Au nanoparticles (3-5 nm) (NPs) onto TiO2 was found to quantitatively influence the products distribution and increase the selectivity towards gas phase products.
Employing Peanut Seed Coat Cell Wall Mediated Resistance Against Aspergillus flavus Infection and Aflatoxin Contamination
Authors: Cobos Chrstopher J. , Tengey Theophilus K. , Balasubramanian Vimal Kumar , Williams Lindsay D. , Sudini Hari Kishan , Varshney Rajeev K. , Falalou Hamidou , Burow Mark D. , Mendu Venugopal
Published: August 2018

Aflatoxins, which have been classified as a group-1 carcinogen are the well-known mycotoxins produced by Aspergillus flavus. Aflatoxins have been linked to liver diseases, acute hepatic necrosis, resulting in cirrhosis or hepatocellular carcinomas due to which it incurs a loss of value in international trade for peanuts contaminated with it. The four main aflatoxins are B1, B2, G1, and G2 of which B1 is predominant. In plants, the cell wall is the primary barrier against pathogen invasion. Cell wall fortifications such as deposition of callose, cellulose, lignin, phenolic compounds and structural proteins help to prevent the pathogen infection. Further, the host cell’s ability to rapidly repair and reinforce its cell walls will result in a reduction of the penetration efficiency of the pathogen. Peanut seed coat acts as a physical and biochemical cell wall barrier against both pre and post-harvest pathogen infection. The structure of seed coat and the presence of polyphenol compounds have been reported to inhibit the growth of A. flavus, however, not successfully employed to develop A. flavus resistance in peanut. A comprehensive understanding of peanut seed coat development and biochemistry will provide information to design efficient strategies for the seed coat mediated A. flavus resistance and Aflatoxin contamination.
Reprocessing of Mining Wastes for the Recovery of Silver by Leaching in the Thiosemicarbazide – Oxygen System
Authors: Hernández-Ávila Juan , Reyes-Valderrama M. Isabel , Cerecedo-Sáenz Eduardo , Mendoza-Anaya Demetrio , Rodríguez-Lugo Ventura , Salinas Eleazar
Published: August 2018

The mining wastes generated during the last decades in the mining region of Pachuca-Real del Monte in Mexico, still contains silver values of interest. For this reason, the present work is a preliminary study of the leaching kinetics of silver contained in these residues, using as a leaching reagent the thiosemicarbazide-oxygen system, with the aim of proposing this leaching system as a less toxic alternative than cyaniding process. Previous the leaching process, representative samples were wholly characterized, finding 56 g of Ag and 0.6 g of Au per ton. For the kinetic study in the mentioned system, were evaluated the reagent concentration, temperature, partial pressure of oxygen, pH and stirring rate. According the experimental results found, it was observed that [CH5N3S] concentration showed a significant effect on the leaching rate, obtaining a reaction order of n = 0.93, in the range of 20 - 40 mol CH5N3S × m-3, getting so a silver recovery up to 76.9%. The effect of temperature gave an activation energy of Ea = 45.55 KJ mol-1, which was indicative of a chemical reaction control. Finally, partial pressure of oxygen has a notable effect on leaching rate, but pH and stirring rate have not apparent effect.