bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
PT X PSDB: A ATUALIZAÇÃO DO EMBATE POLÍTICO NA ELEIÇÃO PRESIDENCIAL DE 2014
Authors: Souza Bruno Mello , Martins Joyce Miranda Leão
Published: August 2015

Partido da Social Democracia Brasileira (PSDB) e Partido dos Trabalhadores polarizam a disputa presidencial há 20 anos (PT). Entretanto, verifica-se uma tendência progressiva de crescimento de candidaturas de terceira via. Utilizando dados de surveys dos Estudos Eleitorais Brasileiros (ESEB), este trabalho examina como os sujeitos que não têm votado nas candidaturas do PT e do PSDB se posicionam sobre a política brasileira, e observa o comportamento político desses dois partidos, dentro das propagandas partidárias de  2014. Busca-se responder: quais são as opiniões demonstradas, entre 2002 e 2010, pelos eleitores das candidaturas de terceira via nas eleições nacionais? Como a disputa política, no espaço do horário eleitoral, contribuiu para a permanência da polarização PT x PSDB na eleição presidencial de 2014? Os eleitores de terceira via apresentaram, ainda que com queda em 2006, uma elevação da satisfação com a democracia, e da identificação e satisfação com partidos; maior rejeição ao PSDB do que ao PT. Em 2014, os partidos conseguiram atualizar o embate entre eles, construindo a ideia de que Marina podia ser relacionada a ambos e que a mudança simbolizada por ela era insegura.
A ASSISTÊNCIA ELEITORAL DAS NAÇÕES UNIDAS NO HAITI: PROMOÇÃO DA DEMOCRACIA E PATOLOGIAS INSTITUCIONAIS NO PROCESSO DE ESTABILIZAÇÃO DA PAZ.
Authors: Araújo Wemblley Lucena de
Published: August 2015

O presente trabalho objetiva analisar o papel da assistência eleitoral promovido pela Organização das Nações Unidas (ONU) nos processos de estabilização de cenários pós-conflitos, trazendo a experiência do Haiti para o debate, e a partir desta, diagnosticar os principais avanços e dificuldades enfrentadas pela atuação onusiana no campo da assistência eleitoral. Para tanto, o presente estudo utilizar-se-á dos métodos analíticos, qualitativos e bibliográficos atuando em fontes primárias (resoluções e informes oficiais) e secundárias (literatura especializada). Conclui-se que a atuação onusiana no Haiti no campo da assistência eleitoral contribuiu para a minimização dos entraves políticos, realização das eleições periódicas e democráticas, porém patologias institucionais retardaram o andamento dos processos pré-estabelecidos levando-os a, em certa medida, incongruências em face da realidade haitiana.
PARA QUE SERVE O SITE? UMA ANÁLISE DAS PÁGINAS DOS CANDIDATOS A GOVERNADOR E A SENADOR NO CEARÁ EM 2014
Authors: Mont'Alverne Camila , Silva Fernando Wisse Oliveira
Published: August 2015

A apropriação de recursos e ferramentas digitais da internet por parte das campanhas políticas traz, a cada pleito, novas configurações para a relação ente candidatos e eleitores. Este artigo propõe uma discussão sobre a utilização dos sites pessoais por candidatos políticos durante o período de campanha eleitoral. Particularmente, verifica-se como estão dispostas diferentes ferramentas online nas páginas dos agentes e que tipo de ênfase os sites propõem para a comunicação política do candidato com os internautas. O corpus da pesquisa consiste no estudo dos websites de campanha de seis candidatos (quatro para o pleito de Governador e dois para o de Senador, no estado do Ceará). A partir das categorias utilizadas por Schweitzer (2005; 2011), a análise mostra que os candidatos dão maior ênfase a conteúdos informativos em suas páginas na web, deixando recursos de mobilização em segundo plano, enquanto ferramentas de participação são raras. Os websites continuam a ganhar novas ferramentas, mas a ênfase dos candidatos continua sendo a de utilizar tais plataformas como meios informativos e complementares para maximizar cotas de visibilidade e provocar um impacto positivo junto aos eleitores.
A TRANSFERÊNCIA DE ETHOS DE LULA PARA DILMA NA CAMPANHA ELEITORAL DE 2010
Authors: Gandin Lucas , Panke Luciana
Published: August 2015

O presente artigo visa analisar se ocorreu a transferência de ethos do ex-presidente Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva para a candidata Dilma Rousseff (PT) na campanha presidencial de 2010 e como ela ocorreu. A pesquisa parte do pressuposto de que a construção do ethos – a imagem que o orador faz de si mesmo pelo discurso – do candidato se configura como estratégia de comunicação eleitoral com a finalidade de conquistar a adesão do eleitor a determinado político. Para verificar essa hipótese, foram escolhidos como objeto de análise a construção do ethos de Lula e Dilma no discurso eleitoral da candidata. Como metodologia, realizamos análise de discursos nos programas de Dilma Rousseff no Horário Gratuito de Propaganda Eleitoral na televisão no primeiro turno da eleição ao cargo de Presidente da República de 2010. Para a fundamentação teórica, a pesquisa se baseou nos conceitos de análise do discurso e ethos e mito e mitificação política. Com base nos estudos realizados, concluiu-se que parte do ethos de Lula foi construído por meio das imagens de herói, líder e pai e transferiu-se à Dilma sob as imagens de guerreira, gestora e mãe.
A REELEIÇÃO DE EDUARDO PAES PARA A PREFEITURA DO RJ: IDENTIFICANDO DISCURSOS, POSIÇÕES E ESCOLHAS ADOTADAS NA CAMPANHA ELEITORAL.
Authors: Veloso de Oliveira Isabel Cristina
Published: August 2015

O resultado das eleições de 2012 para o cargo de prefeito do Rio de Janeiro não trouxe qualquer surpresa. A vitória do candidato Eduardo Paes (PMDB) foi prevista por todos os institutos de pesquisa, e foi favorecida por estratégias de marketing que demandam atenção da Ciência Política. O principal objetivo deste artigo é identificar algumas posições e escolhas adotadas na campanha eleitoral, com enfoque em questões midiáticas, que ajudem a explicar o sucesso nas urnas obtido pelo candidato, apresentando, através de análise de conteúdo, algumas estratégias que foram implementadas e fatores que contribuíram para consolidar a vitória. Dois principais argumentos serão explorados: a disparidade na distribuição do tempo de TV entre os candidatos, devido à ampla coligação do candidato Eduardo Paes, e a estratégia central do candidato de utilizar esse tempo de TV para relacionar sua imagem a um bom governo.
Investing in compassion: exploring mindfulness as a strategy to enhance interpersonal relationships in healthcare practice
Authors: Moll Sandra , Frolic Andrea , Key Brenda
Published: August 2015

Healthcare is a human enterprise where provider-patient interactions are a critical part of the therapeutic process. Unfortunately many healthcare providers are at risk of burnout or compassion fatigue that can detract from quality care. Mindfulness-based interventions have proven efficacy for reducing stress among healthcare workers, but there is limited evidence regarding its impact on interpersonal communication. The purpose of this mixed-methods, non-randomized intervention study was to track the inter-personal impact of a nine-week mindfulness-based stress reduction (MBSR) program on healthcare employees in two large hospitals. Pre and post group surveys were completed by 125 participants, tracking changes in empathy and symptoms of burnout, as well as gathering feedback about the program. Focus groups were also conducted with a sample of 12 participants one year later to explore their impressions of the sustained impact of the program. Analysis of the survey data indicated a significant increase in both cognitive and emotional dimensions of empathy, as well as significant decrease in the indicators of burnout. Many participants described an increased ability to listen mindfully to others, and that they were more tolerant and compassionate, with less emotional reactivity and better skills in managing conflict. Focus group participants indicated that they were able to integrate and apply principles of mindfulness into their day-to-day communications both within and outside of work. The findings provide a compelling argument for the value of mindfulness in not only building resilience, but enhancing communication in the context of healthcare work.
Class Structure and Ethics in Shinjū Ten no Amijima
Authors: Tanaka Motoko
Published: August 2015

In Chikamatsu’s sewamono genre, there are very complex social and ethical structures which derive from differences of status within the social structure. It is abundantly clear that jōruri plays depict the merchants’ indirect defiance of the military class, but the people who fell below the four-class structure—like eta/hinin—also suffer from their contradictory roles in society. Both merchants and eta/hinin were indispensable to the ruling class, yet their roles were despised and they were excluded from political power. The social structure was inherently unequal, but at the same time there were contradictions and conflicts within social classes as well. Chikamatsu’s masterpiece Shinjū Ten no Amijima reflects complex social and ethical conflicts within the merchant class: all the characters are bound not in a simple dichotomy between giri and ninjō but in conflicting and overlapping obligations of giri, on, jō and ichibun. Shinjū Ten no Amijima succeeds in depicting the rich humanity of the merchant class by illustrating its ethics of obligation, human relations, sympathy, and pride.
Whole Grain Gluten-Free Vegetable Spicy Snacks
Authors: Kahlon Talwinder S. , Avena-Bustillos Roberto J. , Chiu Mei-Chen M. , Hidalgo Marlene B.
Published: August 2015

Four kinds of spicy snacks (gluten-free, whole grains with fresh vegetables, low in fat, sugar and salt) were evaluated. Acceptance of spicy snacks tested was Carrot-Garlic 77%, Broccoli-Garlic 68%, Spinach-Garlic 61% and Red Onion 53%. This is the first report of spicy gluten-free, 50% vegetable snacks, which offer a nutritional snack choice for all and an option for gluten sensitive individuals. In addition, it offers spicy snacks that would encourage low fat, sugar and salt foods more palatable and increased health promoting vegetable consumption. The snacks reported herein can be prepared in any house kitchen and/or commercial production. These crispy snacks would have desirable microbial stability resulting in longer shelf life. Each 30 g serving of these healthy chips would provide 1.2-1.3 g of dietary fiber. Currently available chips in the market contain up to twice as much salt as the chips reported herein. These gluten-free vegetable spicy chips could be considered good source of dietary fiber and potassium.
Inferentialist Pragmatism and Dworkin’s ‘Law as Integrity’
Authors: Decat Thiago Lopes
Published: August 2015

Inferentialist Pragmatism and Dworkin’s ‘Law as Integrity’

The paper aims at justifying an interpretation of Dworkin’s theory of Law as Integrity that brings it closer to philosophical pragmatism despite his rejection of legal pragmatism. In order to achieve this aim, this work employs a classification of philosophical commitments that define pragmatism in a broad and in a narrow sense and shows that legal pragmatism follows the main thinkers of pragmatism in the narrow sense in committing to instrumentalism. The attribution of a pragmatist character to Dworkin’s theory of law rests on the idea that the adoption of a commitment to instrumentalism is not implicated by its adoption of other pragmatist commitments.
Pragmatism and Dynamics: Does Pragmatist Adjustment Go All the Way Down?
Authors: de Been Wouter
Published: August 2015

Pragmatism and Dynamics: Does Pragmatist Adjustment Go All the Way Down?

Pragmatism has become an established academic topic focused on an accepted canon of works and a number of seminal authors. There is something ironic about this fixation of the Pragmatist tradition. An anticipation of transience and embrace of adaptability runs through many of the classic works of Pragmatism. Nevertheless, there seems to be a tendency to fixate Pragmatism and freeze it in its classic iterations, especially with respect to its philosophy of scientific inquiry. The article seeks to retrieve the dynamics and adaptability the classical Pragmatists built into their notion of scientific inquiry. It seeks to illustrate the need for such flexibility with recent developments in the field of economics. When the financial crisis struck in 2007-2008, this involved more than the insolvency of a number of large banks. The crisis, at the very least, also involved the bankruptcy of a dominant economic model. It raised questions about the rationality of markets and the widespread faith in soft-touch regulation. It cast doubt on decades of neo-classical economic dogma that counseled small government, privatisation, and free markets. Neo-classical economics did not float free from other concerns. It informed notions about the role of the state, the limits of public policy, and the scope of democratic decision-making. Indeed, faith in rational, self-correcting markets affected debates in disparate disciplines like law, political science, philosophy, ethics, and history in many non-trivial ways. Hence, the financial crisis is also a crisis of scientific research.
Test cesty: Recenze metody
Authors: Motýl Jiří
Published: August 2015

Test cesty je z mého pohledu při základním klinickém neuropsychologickém vyšetření velmi dobře použitelný. A to především pro diagnostiku přítomnosti nebo nepřítomnosti patologie v rámci celkového neurologického fungování. Na základě předložených výsledků nedoporučuji metodu používat pro konkrétnější diagnostiku typu poruchy. Na metodu však lze navázat další vyšetření, která konkrétnější diagnostiku zajistí. Ostatně sama metoda je často součástí komplexnější baterie vyšetření. I přes poměrně dobré hodnoty reliability, senzitivity i specificity, které splňují nároky na takovéto klinické vyšetření, je nutné si být vědom případné chyby, a výsledný skór posoudit i na základě dalších vyšetření a vlastního pozorování.
New and interesting Surirella taxa (Surirellaceae, Bacillariophyta) from the Congo Basin (DR Congo)
Authors: Cocquyt Christine , Taylor Jonathan C.
Published: August 2015

Two new diatom taxa belonging to the genus Surirella, S. ebalensis and S. congolensis, are described from material of the Congo Basin, downstream Kisangani, DR Congo. The first taxon is a small, rather common species in the studied material; the second a somewhat larger diatom that was only sporadically observed. The morphology of both taxa is examined with light and scanning electron microscopy. The differences between the new and other closely related taxa such as S. agonaensis and S. bonsaensis, and S. takoradiensis, S. tenuissima and S. pseudotenuissima, respectively, are discussed.
Discourses of Race & Racism Within Environmental Justice Studies: An Eco-racial Intervention
Authors: Dicochea Perlita R.
Published: August 2015

The social force of racism in relation to natural resources plays a prominent role in the development of environmental justice (EJ) studies within the United States. I contend that the dominant paradigm of environmental racism (ER) may encourage superficial applications of race and racism and colorblind approaches to EJ. I argue that race and racism are at times essentialized, which has in part to do with essentialized notions of the environment. The goal of this eco-racial intervention is to encourage more explicit engagement with the dynamic ways that society creates meaning around and makes use of race and natural resources in relation to each other, processes that may include and operate beyond conventional and critical approaches to ER. Spirited by critical ER and racial formation theory, I propose the construct ‘eco-racial justice project’ as part of an alternative framework for evaluating racialization within efforts to achieve environmental justice.
Comment and Opinion
Authors: Wilson Laura , Habib Sadia
Published: August 2015

No abstract.
Book Reviews
Authors: Manby Jo
Published: August 2015

No abstract.
A shift in anterior–posterior positional information underlies the fin-to-limb evolution
Authors: Onimaru Koh , Kuraku Shigehiro , Takagi Wataru , Hyodo Susumu , Sharpe James , Tanaka Mikiko
Published: August 2015

The pectoral fins of ancestral fishes had multiple proximal elements connected to their pectoral girdles. During the fin-to-limb transition, anterior proximal elements were lost and only the most posterior one remained as the humerus. Thus, we hypothesised that an evolutionary alteration occurred in the anterior–posterior (AP) patterning system of limb buds. In this study, we examined the pectoral fin development of catshark (Scyliorhinus canicula) and revealed that the AP positional values in fin buds are shifted more posteriorly than mouse limb buds. Furthermore, examination of Gli3 function and regulation shows that catshark fins lack a specific AP patterning mechanism, which restricts its expression to an anterior domain in tetrapods. Finally, experimental perturbation of AP patterning in catshark fin buds results in an expansion of posterior values and loss of anterior skeletal elements. Together, these results suggest that a key genetic event of the fin-to-limb transformation was alteration of the AP patterning network.
A central role for the retrosplenial cortex in de novo environmental learning
Authors: Auger Stephen D , Zeidman Peter , Maguire Eleanor A
Published: August 2015

With experience we become accustomed to the types of environments that we normally encounter as we navigate in the world. But how does this fundamental knowledge develop in the first place and what brain regions are involved? To examine de novo environmental learning, we created an ‘alien’ virtual reality world populated with landmarks of which participants had no prior experience. They learned about this environment by moving within it during functional MRI (fMRI) scanning while we tracked their evolving knowledge. Retrosplenial cortex (RSC) played a central and highly selective role by representing only the most stable, permanent features in this world. Subsequently, increased coupling was noted between RSC and hippocampus, with hippocampus then expressing knowledge of permanent landmark locations and overall environmental layout. Studying how environmental representations emerge from scratch provided a new window into the information processing underpinning the brain's navigation system, highlighting the key influence of the RSC.
Dehydrogenative Carbon–Carbon Bond Formation Using Alkynyloxy Moieties as Hydrogen‐Accepting Directing Groups
Authors: Minami Yasunori , Kodama Tatsuro , Hiyama Tamejiro
Published: August 2015

In the presence of a catalyst system consisting of Pd(OAc)2, PCy3, and Zn(OAc)2, the reaction of alkynyl aryl ethers with bicycloalkenes, α,ß‐unsaturated esters, or heteroarenes results in the site‐selective cleavage of two CH bonds followed by the formation of CC bonds. In all cases, the alkynyloxy group acts as a directing group for the activation of an ortho CH bond and as a hydrogen acceptor, thus rendering the use of additives such as an oxidant or base unnecessary.
CHARACTERIZATION AND FUNCTIONAL STUDY OF A PUTATIVE JUVENILE HORMONE DIOL KINASE IN THE COLORADO POTATO BEETLE Leptinotarsa decemlineata (Say)
Authors: Fu Kai‐Yun , Lü Feng‐Gong , Guo Wen‐Chao , Li Guo‐Qing
Published: August 2015

Juvenile hormone diol kinase (JHDK) is an enzyme involved in JH degradation. In the present article, a putative JHDK cDNA (LdJHDK) was cloned from the Colorado potato beetle Leptinotarsa decemlineata. The cDNA consists of 814 bp, containing a 555 bp open reading frame encoding a 184 amino acid protein. LdJHDK reveals a high degree of identity to the previously reported insect JHDKs. It possesses three conserved purine nucleotide‐binding elements, and contains three EF‐hand motifs (helix‐loop‐helix structural domains). LdJHDK mRNA was mainly detected in hindgut and Malpighian tubules. Besides, a trace amount of LdJHDK mRNA was also found in thoracic muscles, brain–corpora cardiaca–corpora allata complex, foregut, midgut, ventral ganglia, fat body, epidermis, and hemocytes. Moreover, LdJHDK was expressed throughout all developmental stages. Within the first, second, and third larval instar, the expression levels of LdJHDK were higher just before and right after the molt, and were lower in the intermediate instar. In the fourth larval instar, the highest peak of LdJHDK occurred 56 h after ecdysis. Ingestion of double‐stranded RNA (dsRNA) against LdJHDK successfully knocked down the target gene, increased JH titer, and significantly upregulated LdKr‐h1 mRNA level. Knockdown of LdJHDK significantly impaired adult emergence. Thus, we provide a line of experimental evidence in L. decemlineata to support that LdJHDK encodes function protein involved in JH degradation.
Adaptive Control of A Servo System Based on Multiple Models
Authors: Gan Ming‐Gang , Zhang Meng , Ma Hui‐Xia , Chen Jie
Published: August 2015

This paper presents an alternative technology for adaptive control of a DC motor servo system based on multiple models. A dynamic mechanical model of the controlled plant is built, where the unmeasurable variables can be estimated by a filter observer. According to the mechanical model, an adaptive controller is designed. Specific attention is given to the jumping parameters in the control process, which motivate the proposition of multiple models, including fixed models, identified model, and adaptive model, to approximate the global dynamic characteristics of the plant model. A model switching rule is proposed to select the optimal model matching the plant, and the identified and adaptive models are reset when switching occurs, minimizing the effect caused by jumping parameters. Simulation results demonstrate that the introduced scheme is superior to the conventional adaptive control in that it yields a significant improvement of transient stability and response speed as well as steady accuracy, guaranteeing better low‐speed performance.
Autistic Traits Moderate the Impact of Reward Learning on Social Behaviour
Authors: Panasiti Maria Serena , Puzzo Ignazio , Chakrabarti Bhismadev
Published: August 2015

A deficit in empathy has been suggested to underlie social behavioural atypicalities in autism. A parallel theoretical account proposes that reduced social motivation (i.e., low responsivity to social rewards) can account for the said atypicalities. Recent evidence suggests that autistic traits modulate the link between reward and proxy metrics related to empathy. Using an evaluative conditioning paradigm to associate high and low rewards with faces, a previous study has shown that individuals high in autistic traits show reduced spontaneous facial mimicry of faces associated with high vs. low reward. This observation raises the possibility that autistic traits modulate the magnitude of evaluative conditioning. To test this, we investigated (a) if autistic traits could modulate the ability to implicitly associate a reward value to a social stimulus (reward learning/conditioning, using the Implicit Association Task, IAT); (b) if the learned association could modulate participants’ prosocial behaviour (i.e., social reciprocity, measured using the cyberball task); (c) if the strength of this modulation was influenced by autistic traits. In 43 neurotypical participants, we found that autistic traits moderated the relationship of social reward learning on prosocial behaviour but not reward learning itself. This evidence suggests that while autistic traits do not directly influence social reward learning, they modulate the relationship of social rewards with prosocial behaviour. Autism Res 2016, 9: 471–479. © 2015 The Authors Autism Research published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. on behalf of International Society for Autism Research
Slowed Search in the Context of Unimpaired Grouping in Autism: Evidence from Multiple Conjunction Search
Authors: Keehn Brandon , Joseph Robert M.
Published: August 2015

In multiple conjunction search, the target is not known in advance but is defined only with respect to the distractors in a given search array, thus reducing the contributions of bottom‐up and top‐down attentional and perceptual processes during search. This study investigated whether the superior visual search skills typically demonstrated by individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) would be evident in multiple conjunction search. Thirty‐two children with ASD and 32 age‐ and nonverbal IQ‐matched typically developing (TD) children were administered a multiple conjunction search task. Contrary to findings from the large majority of studies on visual search in ASD, response times of individuals with ASD were significantly slower than those of their TD peers. Evidence of slowed performance in ASD suggests that the mechanisms responsible for superior ASD performance in other visual search paradigms are not available in multiple conjunction search. Although the ASD group failed to exhibit superior performance, they showed efficient search and intertrial priming levels similar to the TD group. Efficient search indicates that ASD participants were able to group distractors into distinct subsets. In summary, while demonstrating grouping and priming effects comparable to those exhibited by their TD peers, children with ASD were slowed in their performance on a multiple conjunction search task, suggesting that their usual superior performance in visual search tasks is specifically dependent on top‐down and/or bottom‐up attentional and perceptual processes. Autism Res 2016, 9: 333–339. © 2015 International Society for Autism Research, Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Novel evidence of association with nonsyndromic cleft lip with or without cleft palate was shown for single nucleotide polymorphisms in FOXF2 gene in an Asian population
Authors: Bu Lingxue , Chen Qianqian , Wang Hong , Zhang Tianxiao , Hetmanski Jacqueline B. , Schwender Holger , Parker Margaret , Chou Yah‐Huei Wu , Yeow Vincent , Chong Samuel S. , Zhang Bo , Jabs Ethylin Wang , Scott Alan F. , Beaty Terri H.
Published: August 2015

BACKGROUND

The forkhead box F2 gene (FOXF2) located in chromosome 6p25.3 has been shown to play a crucial role in palatal development in mouse and rat models. To date, no evidence of linkage or association has been reported for this gene in humans with oral clefts.

METHODS

Allelic transmission disequilibrium tests were used to robustly assess evidence of linkage and association with nonsyndromic cleft lip with or without cleft palate for nine single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in and around FOXF2 in both Asian and European trios using PLINK.

RESULTS

Statistically significant evidence of linkage and association was shown for two SNPs (rs1711968 and rs732835) in 216 Asian trios where the empiric P values with permutation tests were 0.0016 and 0.005, respectively. The corresponding estimated odds ratios for carrying the minor allele at these SNPs were 2.05 (95% confidence interval = 1.41, 2.98) and 1.77 (95% confidence interval = 1.26, 2.49), respectively.

CONCLUSION

Our results provided statistical evidence of linkage and association between FOXF2 and nonsyndromic cleft lip with or without cleft palate. Birth Defects Research (Part A) 103:857–862, 2015. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Synthesis of cubic ZnS microspheres exhibiting broad visible emission for bioimaging applications
Authors: Sajan P. , Jayasree R. S. , Agouram S. , Junaid Bushiri M.
Published: August 2015

Biocompatible ZnS microspheres with an average diameter of 3.85 µm were grown by solvo‐hydrothermal (S‐H) method using water–acetonitrile–ethylenediamine (EDA) solution combination. ZnS microspheres were characterized by X‐ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), high‐resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM), Fourier transform (FT)‐Raman spectroscopy and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) techniques. The broad photoluminescence (PL) emissions from 380–580 nm that were seen from the ZnS microspheres attributed to the increase in carrier concentration, as understood from the observed intense Raman band at 257 cm–1. Cytotoxicity and haemocompatibility investigations of these ZnS microspheres revealed its biocompatibility. ZnS microspheres, along with biological cell lines, were giving visible light emission and could be used for bioimaging applications. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Investigation of UV‐emitting Gd3+‐doped LiCaBO3 phosphor
Authors: Tamboli Sumedha , Rajeswari B. , Dhoble S. J.
Published: August 2015

Incorporating the Gd3+ rare earth ion in the LiCaBO3 host lattice resulted in narrow‐band UV‐B emission peaking at 315 nm, with excitation at 274 nm. The LiCaBO3:Gd3+ phosphor was synthesized via the solid‐state diffusion method. The structural, morphological and luminescence properties of this phosphor were characterized by X‐ray diffraction (XRD) analysis, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and photoluminescence (PL) spectroscopy. Electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) characterization of the as‐prepared phosphors is also reported here. XRD studies confirmed the crystal formation and phase purity of the prepared phosphors. A series of different dopant concentrations was synthesized and the concentration‐quenching effect was studied. Critical energy transfer distance between activator ions was determined and the mechanism governing the concentration quenching is also reported in this paper. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Claire K. Schultz, 1924–2015
Authors: Williams Robert V.
Published: August 2015

EDITOR'S SUMMARY

A groundbreaker and important link between library science and computer‐based information science, Claire Kelly Schultz passed away in May 2015. Though Schultz's original aim to become a doctor was derailed, her first job as a biology lab assistant and librarian launched her on a career path that ultimately provided important service to medicine, pharmacology and information science. With training in library studies, chemistry and medicine, Schultz became the librarian at the future Merck, Sharp and Dohme Research Labs and became aware of the technical challenges of literature retrieval in the field. She consulted with others at the forefront of indexing and retrieval systems to develop a successful card sorting method using Boolean logic. This success led to consulting positions and publications on information retrieval, vocabulary control, thesaurus construction and indexing. Schultz strongly advocated applying documentation practices to the developing field and to the history of the American Documentation Institute (ADI), forerunner of the Association for Information Science and Technology, and she created the first thesaurus of information science. Active in several professional societies, Schultz became the ADI's first woman president and earned its 1980 Award of Merit.
Developing Data Literacy Programs: Working with Faculty, Graduate Students and Undergraduates
Authors: Carlson Jake , Nelson Megan Sapp , Johnston Lisa R. , Koshoffer Amy
Published: August 2015

EDITOR'S SUMMARY

Building data information literacy among faculty, graduate students and undergrads was the focus of a 2015 RDAP Summit panel, with panelists describing programs at different institutions geared to each of these target groups. The Data Information Literacy project identified 12 key competencies for graduate students and how librarians could help build those skills. The Data Management Strategies Self‐Assessment encourages junior faculty members to objectively consider their research data management practices and to prioritize issues and tasks. Identifying and addressing the data information literacy competencies of undergraduate students is challenging, with their widely diverse backgrounds and needs. Varied creative approaches, such as embedding lessons within a class, presenting workshops and developing partnerships and research mentorships, have been successful. Data Information Literacy project teams have developed educational programs, compared and integrated their experiences and offer guidelines, available online, for developing digital literacy programs at other institutions.
Current Issues and Approaches to Curating Student Research Data
Authors: Creamer Andrew
Published: August 2015

EDITOR'S SUMMARY

The 2015 RDAP Summit hosted a panel discussion to address issues and challenges of curating students’ research data and digital scholarship, bringing together librarians dealing with various aspects of digital curation and management. Few institutions have a policy on handling student research data, theses and dissertations. Obstacles include insufficient know‐how, time, incentive and resources. Without guidance, data files vary widely in format and quality. Yet, as one panelist pointed out, without definitive standards, data librarians must contend with a messy reality and should be reasonable in their expectations for students. Planning for improvements must start by engaging students and advisors throughout the process of data creation. Panelists agreed on the need to further explore topics such as intellectual property, ownership and security, data quality, staff skill building and outreach to stakeholders.
BYOPanel – The On‐the‐Spot Assembled Panel on Responses to the OSTP Memo Responses
Authors: Janz Margaret
Published: August 2015

EDITOR'S SUMMARY

A hastily arranged session was convened at the 2015 RDAP Summit in response to the 2013 memo from the White House Office of Science and Technology Policy (OSTP) on research data policy and management. On the first day of the conference, planners solicited input on ways attendees are educating their communities on OSTP data policy requirements, resources developed and emerging issues and challenges in data management. Attendees voted to learn more about the University of Iowa's creation of a Research Data Interest Group, the National Institute of Standards and Technology's taxonomy of research data and archiving requirements and James Madison University's efforts to inform stakeholders on the OSTP mandate. At a short session the next morning, speakers from these institutions expanded on their first brief responses, sparking further questions and plans to carry on the conversation through social media and future meetings.
Research Data Services at the University of Colorado Boulder
Authors: Knuth Shelley L. , Johnson Andrew M. , Hauser Thomas
Published: August 2015

EDITOR'S SUMMARY

The University of Colorado Boulder's Research Data Services (RDS) is a joint activity of the University Libraries and the Office of Information Technology. Started in 2011 to meet the National Science Foundation's mandate for data management plans with all grant submissions, RDS grew from helping to write the plans to indicating resources to educating researchers on their use and providing individual consultations and reviews. RDS staff also aid researchers with metadata documentation, helping to develop file documentation and later migrating to final formats. Researchers often contact RDS about long‐term data storage or for assistance with data dissemination and complying with the requirements of data repositories, funding agencies or scholarly journals. Urging researchers to learn about data management, using a variety of communication channels and venues, is key. Incorporating a data management plan requirement to in‐house grants and creating a data management plan competition with financial award have been most successful at promoting the RDS.
Impact of comorbidities and gender on the use of coronary interventions in patients with high‐risk non‐ST‐segment elevation acute coronary syndrome
Authors: Worrall‐Carter Linda , McEvedy Samantha , Wilson Andrew , Rahman Muhammad Aziz
Published: August 2015

Objectives

To determine the impact of gender and comorbidity on use of coronary interventions in patients diagnosed with high‐risk non‐ST‐segment acute coronary syndrome (NSTEACS).

Background

Guidelines recommend the use of coronary angiography for all patients diagnosed with NSTEACS with high‐risk features, except in the presence of severe comorbidities. However, little is understood about the relationship between gender, comorbidity, and the use of coronary interventions.

Methods

Retrospective analyses of the Victorian Admitted Episodes Data Set (VAED) including all patients diagnosed with NSTEACS with high‐risk features on their first admission for ACS between June 2007 and July 2009. Hierarchical logistic regression models and correspondence analyses were used to understand the relationship between gender, comorbidities, and the use of coronary interventions.

Results

Out of 16,771 NSTEACS patients with high‐risk features, 6,338 (38%) were female. Females were older than males (aged ≥75: 62% vs 39%, p < 0.001) and more likely to have multiple comorbidities (≥2: 66% vs 59%, p < 0.001). After adjusting for potential confounders, females were more likely to receive no coronary intervention than males with a similar number of comorbid conditions (no comorbidities: OR 1.62, 95% CI 1.28–2.05; 1 comorbidity: OR 1.67, 95% CI 1.44–1.93; 2 comorbidities: OR 1.93, 95% CI 1.66–2.23; ≥3 comorbidities: OR 1.42, 95% CI 1.27–1.60).

Conclusions

Lower rates of coronary intervention in females persisted after adjusting for number of comorbidities which suggests that gender may bias decisions regarding referral for coronary intervention in high‐risk NSTEACS independent of other factors. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Cost‐effectiveness analysis of papillary thyroid cancer surveillance
Authors: Wang Laura Y. , Roman Benjamin R. , Migliacci Jocelyn C. , Palmer Frank L. , Tuttle R. Michael , Shaha Ashok R. , Shah Jatin P. , Patel Snehal G. , Ganly Ian
Published: August 2015

BACKGROUND

The recent overdiagnosis of subclinical, low‐risk papillary thyroid cancer (PTC) coincides with a growing national interest in cost‐effective health care practices. The aim of this study was to measure the relative cost‐effectiveness of disease surveillance of low‐risk PTC patients versus intermediate‐ and high‐risk patients in accordance with American Thyroid Association risk categories.

METHODS

Two thousand nine hundred thirty‐two patients who underwent thyroidectomy for differentiated thyroid cancer between 2000 and 2010 were identified from the institutional database; 1845 patients were excluded because they had non‐PTC cancer, underwent less than total thyroidectomy, had a secondary cancer, or had <36 months of follow‐up. In total, 1087 were included for analysis. The numbers of postoperative blood tests, imaging scans and biopsies, clinician office visits, and recurrence events were recorded for the first 36 months of follow‐up. Costs of surveillance were determined with the Physician Fee Schedule and Clinical Lab Fee Schedule of the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services.

RESULTS

The median age was 44 years (range, 7‐83 years). In the first 36 months after thyroidectomy, there were 3, 44, and 22 recurrences (0.8%, 7.8%, and 13.4%) in the low‐, intermediate‐, and high‐risk categories, respectively. The cost of surveillance for each recurrence detected was US $147,819, US $22,434, and US $20,680, respectively.

CONCLUSIONS

The cost to detect a recurrence in a low‐risk patient is more than 6 and 7 times greater than the cost for intermediate‐ and high‐risk PTC patients. It is difficult to justify this allocation of resources to the surveillance of low‐risk patients. Surveillance strategies for the low‐risk group should, therefore, be restructured. Cancer 2015;121:4132–4140. © 2015 American Cancer Society.
Comparison of cadmium manganese telluride crystals grown by traveling heater method and vertical Bridgman method
Authors: Lai Jianming , Zhang Jijun , Wang Linjun , Min Jiahua , Wu Wenqi , Shen Min , Liang Wei
Published: August 2015

In this paper, the CdMnTe crystals were grown by the Travelling Heater Method (THM) and the Vertical Bridgman (VB) method, respectively. The crystal properties, including the Mn axial distribution, impurity concentrations, resistivity, Hall effects and energy response spectra, were characterized and compared. The results shown that the CdMnTe crystal grown by the THM had more uniform Mn distribution and lower impurity concentrations compared to the crystal grown by VB method. The resistivity of CdMnTe grown by THM was (1.5 ∼ 8) × 1010 Ω.cm, while the resistivity of CdMnTe grown by VB was 107∼108 Ω.cm. The In dopant distributed uniformly throughout the crystal ingot grown by THM with the doping concentration of 0.6–0.7 ppm, while the In dopant concentration throughout the crystal grown by VB method is in the range of 1.31–2.4 ppm. Hall measurements revealed that the conductivity of the THM grown crystal was weak n‐type conductivity and the VB grown crystal was p‐type conductivity. A planar CdMnTe detector from the THM grown crystal showed a resolution of 8% of the 241Am radiation at 59.5 keV peak, however, no energy response was revealed with the CdMnTe detector by the VB method. The results demonstrate that CdMnTe crystal grown by THM have better crystal quality and detector properties compared to that by VB method.
Risk stratification of patients with chronic heart failure using cardiac iodine‐123 metaiodobenzylguanidine imaging: incremental prognostic value over right ventricular ejection fraction
Authors: Tamaki Shunsuke , Yamada Takahisa , Morita Takashi , Furukawa Yoshio , Iwasaki Yusuke , Kawasaki Masato , Kikuchi Atsushi , Kondo Takumi , Kawai Tsutomu , Takahashi Satoshi , Ishimi Masashi , Hakui Hideyuki , Ozaki Tatsuhisa , Sato Yoshihiro , Seo Masahiro , Sakata Yasushi , Fukunami Masatake
Published: August 2015

Aims

Right ventricular (RV) systolic dysfunction has been shown to be an independent predictor of clinical outcome in patients with chronic heart failure (CHF), and cardiac metaiodobenzylguanidine (MIBG) imaging also provides prognostic information. We aimed to evaluate the long‐term predictive value of combining RV systolic dysfunction and abnormal findings of cardiac MIBG imaging on outcome in CHF patients.

Methods and results

We enrolled 63 CHF outpatients with left ventricular ejection fraction (EF) <40% in a prospective cohort study. At entry, RVEF was measured by radionuclide angiography. Furthermore, cardiac MIBG imaging was performed, and the cardiac MIBG washout rate (WR) was calculated. Reduced RVEF was defined as ≤37%, and abnormal WR was defined as >27%. The study endpoint was unplanned hospitalization for worsening heart failure (WHF) and cardiac death. During a follow‐up period of 8.9 ± 4.3 years, 19 of 63 patients had unplanned hospitalization for WHF, and 19 of 63 patients had cardiac death. In multivariate analysis, both WR and RVEF were independent predictors of unplanned WHF hospitalization, while WR was also an independent predictor of cardiac death. A risk‐stratification model based on independent predictors of unplanned WHF hospitalization separated the patients into those with low (absence of the predictors), intermediate (one of the predictors), and high (two or more of the predictors) risk of unplanned WHF hospitalization (P < 0.0001) or cardiac death (P = 0.0113).

Conclusions

Cardiac MIBG imaging provides incremental value when it is used along with RV systolic dysfunction to predict clinical outcome in patients with CHF.
Mixed‐Valent Selenium Ligands in the Uncharged Iridium Complexes [Ir4Se10Br16] and [Ir6Se8Cl30]
Authors: Stolze Karoline , Rasche Bertold , Ruck Michael
Published: August 2015

The reaction of Ir with Se and SeBr4 at 200 °C yields shiny vermillion slate‐like crystals of the new compound Ir4Se10Br16. Single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction revealed an orthorhombic unit cell, space group Pccn, with lattice parameters a = 1515.0(1) pm, b = 1534.4(1) pm, and c = 1514.5(1) pm at 296(1) K. The crystal structure consists of uncharged tetranuclear iridium complexes [Ir4Se10Br16] with C2 symmetry. In the [(Ir3+)4(μ4‐η2‐Se22–)2(μ‐ηSe‐[SeBr]–)2(ηSe‐SeBr2)4(μ‐Br–)2(Br–)4] complex, each of the iridium atoms is coordinated octahedrally by four selenium and two bromine atoms. Selenium adopts three different oxidation states: –I in the fourfold‐bonded diselenide dumbbell, ±0 in the bridging [SeBr]– unit, and +II in the terminal SeBr2 ligand. An analogous reaction with SeCl4 at 300 °C yields orange air‐stable crystals of Ir6Se8Cl30. The triclinic crystal structure [space group P$\bar {1}$, a = 891.2(1) pm, b = 1064.6(1) pm, c = 1263.0(1) pm, α = 94.458(3)°, β = 106.900(3)°, and γ = 101.410(3)° at 296(1) K] consists of uncharged hexanuclear iridium complexes with the structured formula [(Ir3+)6(μ‐ηSe‐[SeCl]–)2(ηSe‐SeCl2)6(μ‐Cl–)10(Cl–)6] and shows structural motifs similar to Ir4Se10Br16 and IrSeCl5. The triclinic structure of IrSeCl5 [P$\bar {1}$, a = 1223.4(1) pm, b = 1408.7(1) pm, c = 1499.5(1) pm, α = 115.72(1)°, β = 106.05(1)°, and γ = 96.38(1)° at 296(1) K] is homeotypic to monoclinic RhSCl5.
Forecasting Daily and Monthly Exchange Rates with Machine Learning Techniques
Authors: Plakandaras Vasilios , Papadimitriou Theophilos , Gogas Periklis
Published: August 2015

In this paper we propose and test a forecasting model on monthly and daily spot prices of five selected exchange rates. In doing so, we combine a novel smoothing technique (initially applied in signal processing) with a variable selection methodology and two regression estimation methodologies from the field of machine learning (ML). After the decomposition of the original exchange rate series using an ensemble empirical mode decomposition (EEMD) method into a smoothed and a fluctuation component, multivariate adaptive regression splines (MARS) are used to select the most appropriate variable set from a large set of explanatory variables that we collected. The selected variables are then fed into two distinctive support vector machines (SVR) models that produce one‐period‐ahead forecasts for the two components. Neural networks (NN) are also considered as an alternative to SVR. The sum of the two forecast components is the final forecast of the proposed scheme. We show that the above implementation exhibits a superior in‐sample and out‐of‐sample forecasting ability when compared to alternative forecasting models. The empirical results provide evidence against the efficient market hypothesis for the selected foreign exchange markets. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Assessing hippocampal development and language in early childhood: Evidence from a new application of the Automatic Segmentation Adapter Tool
Authors: Lee Joshua K. , Nordahl Christine W. , Amaral David G. , Lee Aaron , Solomon Marjorie , Ghetti Simona
Published: August 2015

Volumetric assessments of the hippocampus and other brain structures during childhood provide useful indices of brain development and correlates of cognitive functioning in typically and atypically developing children. Automated methods such as FreeSurfer promise efficient and replicable segmentation, but may include errors which are avoided by trained manual tracers. A recently devised automated correction tool that uses a machine learning algorithm to remove systematic errors, the Automatic Segmentation Adapter Tool (ASAT), was capable of substantially improving the accuracy of FreeSurfer segmentations in an adult sample [Wang et al., 2011], but the utility of ASAT has not been examined in pediatric samples. In Study 1, the validity of FreeSurfer and ASAT corrected hippocampal segmentations were examined in 20 typically developing children and 20 children with autism spectrum disorder aged 2 and 3 years. We showed that while neither FreeSurfer nor ASAT accuracy differed by disorder or age, the accuracy of ASAT corrected segmentations were substantially better than FreeSurfer segmentations in every case, using as few as 10 training examples. In Study 2, we applied ASAT to 89 typically developing children aged 2 to 4 years to examine relations between hippocampal volume, age, sex, and expressive language. Girls had smaller hippocampi overall, and in left hippocampus this difference was larger in older than younger girls. Expressive language ability was greater in older children, and this difference was larger in those with larger hippocampi, bilaterally. Overall, this research shows that ASAT is highly reliable and useful to examinations relating behavior to hippocampal structure. Hum Brain Mapp 36:4483–4496, 2015. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.