bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Rice Dwarf Virus Small RNA Profiles in Rice and Leafhopper Reveal Distinct Patterns in Cross-Kingdom Hosts
Authors: Wang Yu , Qiao Rui , Wei Chunhong , Li Yi
Published: September 2019

RNA silencing has evolved as a widespread antiviral strategy in many eukaryotic organisms. Antiviral RNA silencing is mediated by virus-derived small RNAs (vsiRNAs), created by the cleavage of double-stranded viral RNA substrates by Dicer (Dcr) in animals or Dicer-like (DCL) proteins in plants. However, little is known about how the RNA silencing mechanisms of different hosts respond to the same virus infection. We performed high-throughput small RNA sequencing in Nephotettix cincticeps and Oryza sativa infected with Rice dwarf phytoreovirus and analyzed the distinct accumulation of vsiRNAs in these two hosts. The results suggested a potential branch in the evolution of antiviral RNA silencing of insect and plant hosts. The rice vsiRNAs were predominantly 21 and 22 nucleotides (nt) long, suggesting that OsDCL4 and OsDCL2 are involved in their production, whereas 21-nt vsiRNAs dominated in leafhopper, suggesting the involvement of a Dcr-2 homolog. Furthermore, we identified ~50-fold more vsiRNAs in rice than in leafhoppers, which might be partially attributable to the activity of RNA-dependent RNA polymerase 6 (RDR6) in rice and the lack of RDR genes in leafhoppers. Our data established a basis for further comparative studies on the evolution of RNA silencing-based interactions between a virus and its hosts, across kingdoms.
Organic Contaminants in Zooplankton of Italian Subalpine Lakes: Patterns of Distribution and Seasonal Variations
Authors: Pascariello Simona , Mazzoni Michela , Bettinetti Roberta , Manca Marina , Patelli Martina , Piscia Roberta , Valsecchi Sara , Polesello Stefano
Published: September 2019

Zooplankton is a key node in many trophic webs, both for food that for persistent organic contaminants that can accumulate in biota. Zooplankton of different size was seasonally sampled for two years in three deep Italian subalpine lakes (Maggiore, Como, Iseo) with the aim of determining the concentrations of perfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS), DDT, and PCB, and assessing the seasonality impacts on contaminants concentrations. In general, Lake Maggiore showed the highest concentrations for each group of contaminants, with mean values of 7.6 ng g−1 ww for PFAS, 65.0 ng g−1 dw for DDT, and 65.5 ng g−1 dw for PCB. When considering the composition pattern, perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS) was detected in 96% of the samples and it was the predominant PFAS compound in all of the lakes. pp’ DDE was the most detected congener among DDTs and their metabolites, while for PCBs, the prevalent group was hexa-CB that constituted 35.4% of the total PCB contamination. A seasonal trend was highlighted for all contaminant groups with concentrations in colder months greater than in spring and summer; it was evident that the contaminant concentrations were more dependent from seasonality than from size, trophic levels, and taxa composition of zooplankton. Principal component analysis showed that one of the main driver for the accumulation of most of the studied contaminants is their lipophilicity, except for perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) and octachlorobiphenyl.
The Role of Management of Stream–Riparian Zones on Subsurface–Surface Flow Components
Authors: Steiness Mads , Jessen Søren , Spitilli Mattia , van’t Veen Sofie G. W. , Højberg Anker Lajer , Engesgaard Peter
Published: September 2019

A managed riparian lowland in a glacial landscape (Holtum catchment, Denmark) was studied to quantify the relative importance of subsurface and surface flow to the recipient stream. The hydrogeological characterization combined geoelectrical methods, lithological logs, and piezometric heads with monthly flow measurements of springs, a ditch, and a drain, to determine seasonality and thereby infer flow paths. In addition, groundwater discharge through the streambed was estimated using temperature and water-stable isotopes as tracers. The lowland received large groundwater inputs with minimal seasonal variations from adjacent upland aquifers. This resulted in significant amounts of groundwater-fed surface flow to the stream, via man-made preferential flow paths comprising ditches, drainage systems, and a pond, and via two natural springs. Roughly, two thirds of the stream gain was due to surface flow to the stream, mainly via anthropogenic alterations. In contrast, direct groundwater discharge through the streambed accounted for only 4% of the stream flow gain, although bank seepage (not measured) to the straightened and deepened stream potentially accounted for an additional 17%. Comparison to analogous natural flow systems in the catchment substantiate the impact of anthropogenic alterations of riparian lowlands for the subsurface and surface flow components to their streams.
Functionalized Leather: A Novel and Effective Hazardous Solid Waste Adsorbent for the Removal of the Diazo Dye Congo Red from Aqueous Solution
Authors: Clavijo Camila , Osma Johann F.
Published: September 2019

The leather industry produces a high yield of solid hazardous wastes that generate a major impact on the environment. At the same time, the use of dyes by different manufacturing industries, including the footwear industry, creates large amounts of colored wastewater that is hard to treat. In this paper, potential adsorbents based on the functionalization of solid waste from leather in the removal of anionic dye Congo Red were studied. Twelve different functionalized adsorbents were analyzed in terms of dye removal. From those, the best adsorbents were characterized and tested to determine their life cycle, pH dependency and the resulting phytotoxicity of the treated dye baths. Different kinetic models were evaluated to describe this adsorption process. It was found that functionalized leather adsorbents presented multi-linearity behavior when removing Congo Red. Life cycle analysis showed that the adsorbents presented a high yield of absorption until the third cycle of operation, while phytotoxicity tested showed reductions up to 50% in the toxicity of the treated dye baths.
Інститут президентства Узбекистану в контексті індексів демократії
Authors: Paska O. V.
Published: September 2019

У статті розглядаються особливості виникнення та процес становлення інституту президентства в Узбекистані, його конституційні повноваження з 1991 до 2018 року, їх вплив на формування законодавчої, судової та виконавчої гілок влади. Аналізується наявність кореляції між цими повноваженнями та величинами таких основних індикаторів демократичного розвитку країни, як індекс трансформації Бертельсманна, індекс “Свобода в світі” та “Polity IV”. На основі порівняння цих показників з аналогічними даними окремих постсоціалістичних країнах робляться висновки про шляхи прискорення демократизації Узбекистану.
Державне управління інноваційним розвитком національної системи охорони здоров’я
Authors: Nadyuk Z. O.
Published: September 2019

У статті досліджуються механізми державного управління інноваційним розвитком національної системи охорони здоров’я. Проаналізовано сучасний стан інноваційної діяльності у сфері охорони здоров’я в Україні. Визначено основні напрями забезпечення правового механізму державного управління інноваційним розвитком національної системи охорони здоров’я. На основі авторської класифікації інноваційної діяльності у сфері охорони здоров’я запропоновані можливі шляхи інноваційного розвитку цієї системи в Україні.
Забезпечення стійкості системи охорони здоров’я
Authors: Firsova O. D.
Published: September 2019

У статті досліджено поняття “стійкість системи охорони здоров’я” як здатність системи протистояти загрозам, долати їх руйнівний вплив і пристосовуватися до негативних наслідків шляхом збереження і відновлення основних структур і притаманних функцій системи.

Здійснено аналіз процесу формування стійкої системи охорони (розробка концептуальної моделі системи, розробка візії та можливих сценаріїв, визначення ключових змінних, оцінка зацікавленими сторонами всього процесу та наслідків). Проаналізовано умови забезпечення стійкості системи охорони здоров’я.
Нормативно-правове забезпечення системи соціального захисту дітей-сиріт, дітей, позбавлених батьківського піклування, та дітей уразливих категорій в Україні
Authors: Protsenko O. V.
Published: September 2019

У статті проаналізовано питання нормативно-правового забезпечення системи соціального захисту дітей-сиріт, дітей, позбавлених батьківського піклування та дітей уразливих категорій в Україні. Виділено основні напрями розвитку національної моделі державного управління системою соціального захисту дітей цих категорій. Означено проблемні питання в діяльності відповідальних органів державної влади із впровадження державної політики у зазначеній галузі. Підкреслено необхідність комплексного підходу до вирішення проблем, що залишаються актуальними, задля вдосконалення  вітчизняного законодавства.
Правове регулювання та необхідність удосконалення законодавства щодо конституційного права на інформацію
Authors: Stepanenko Serhiy
Published: September 2019

Розглянуто питання, пов’язані зі Стратегією сталого розвитку “Україна-2020”, яка визначає мету, вектори руху, дорожню карту, першочергові пріоритети та індикатори належних оборонних, соціально-економічних, організаційних, політико-правових умов становлення та розвитку України. Ключове завдання – формування позитивного іміджу України як європейської, демократич-ної, конкурентоспроможної держави зі сприятливим бізнес-кліматом, зі своїм унікальним місцем у світовому поділі праці та інтегрованої у глобальні ланцюги створення доданої вартості.
Державне управління інвестиційними ресурсами регіональних морських портових комплексів
Authors: Bubliy Maksym
Published: September 2019

Узагальнено теоретичні основи державного управління інвестиційними ресурсами регіональних морських портових комплексів, визначено алгоритм цього процесу. Запропоновано струк-туру механізму державного управління інвестиційними ресурсами регіональних морських портових комплексів, що включає чотири основних елементи: державно-правове регулювання; ринковий механізм регулювання; внутрішній механізм та систему методів управління. Визначено мету, основні принципи, функції та методи державного управління інвестиційними ресур-сами регіонального морського портового комплексу.
Стресостійкість персоналу в системі вітчизняного публічного менеджменту: чинники та особливості
Authors: Dorosh Iryna , Dorosh Oleh
Published: September 2019

Виділено основні чинники, що впливають на стресостійкість персоналу вітчизняних публічних організацій, зокрема в умовах реформування. Особливу увагу приділено організаційній культурі, системі мотивації працівників, особистим якостям керівника, кадровій політиці установи тощо. Досліджено особливості діяльності публічних організацій на пострадянському просторі, сформовано порівняльну характеристику систем класичного та публічного менеджменту в Україні.
Подальша децентралізація державного управління у сфері цивільного захисту
Authors: Boiko Oksana
Published: September 2019

Зроблено аналіз державного управління у сфері цивільного захисту, специфіки функціонування територіальних підсистем єдиної державної системи цивільного захисту в умовах децентралізації влади. Розглянуто практичні заходи щодо передачі на рівень територіальних громад функцій цивільного захисту, які можуть більш ефективно виконуватись на місцевому рівні. Означено основні напрями подальшої децентралізації державного управління у сфері цивільного захисту, організації цивільного захисту в об’єднаних територіальних громадах, заходи, що вживаються на центральному, регіональному та місцевому рівнях.
ВЕЛИКІ ДАНІ ТА ФОРМУВАННЯ СОЦІАЛЬНОГО КАПІТАЛУ
Authors: Kobzev I.V. , Melnikov O.F. , Orlov O.V.
Published: September 2019

Обґрунтовані основні переваги використання великих даних в реформуванні публічного управління на основі сучасних інформаційних технологій, а також досвід їх використання в органах влади розвинутих країн. Встановлено, що одним з ефективних шляхів підвищення конкурентоспроможності Україні у сьогоднішньому глобальному світі є зменшення трансакційних збитків суспільства за рахунок впровадження інструментів обліку соціального капіталу, надання громадянам можливостей його керуванням і використанням
Історико-філософські засади створення моделі новітньої (чутливої) інформаційної політики України як європейської держави
Authors: Holovanova Natalia
Published: September 2019

Розглянуті проблеми функціонування традиційної моделі публічного управління в Україні. Проаналізовано зміст національних цінностей, інтересів і цілей у інформаційній сфері. Привведено основні закони, які визначають медіапростір та інформаційну політику держави новітніх років. Підкреслено, що засадами створення новітньої моделі є філософія Київської Русі та міжнародне право. Представлено імплементацію базових цінностей у державотворенні України у генезі. Визначено важливість застосування у новітній час політики, заснованої на доказах, запровадження діалогу й риторики миру, ненасильства та людяності у суспільстві. Наведено факти співробітництва України та країн Європейського Союзу у сфері комунікацій. Наголошено на істотному впливі особливостей глобального медіапростору та новітньої реальності на принципи інформаційної політики. Запропоновано основні підходи новітньої (чутливої) інформаційної політики в Україні.
Abortamento canino por Brucella canis
Authors: Megid Jane , Riesz Salgado Vanessa , Borges Keid Lara , Keller Siqueira Amanda , Fukuta da Cruz Tais , Grinspan Joel , Paganini Listoni Fernando José , Paes Antonio Carlos
Published: September 2019

Este trabalho descreve a ocorrência de abortamento canino causado por Brucella canis e o isolamento de B. canis a partir de feto abortado. Os cultivos microbiológicos de fígado, rim e pulmão fetal resultaram positivos. Sangue e swab vaginal do animal resultaram negativos para o isolamento do agente. A presença do DNA de Brucella spp foi constatada no swab vaginal na reação em cadeia pela polimerase (PCR). As provas de soroaglutinação e imunodifusão em gel de ágar resultaram positivas.
Deformasyon Tahmininde Gri Model Uygulaması: Keban Barajı Örneği
Authors: TANYILDIZI Erkan , KAYA Kürşat
Published: September 2019

Büyük mühendislik yapılarının şekil, boyut ve yer değişimleri, farklı deformasyon analiz metotlarıyla belirlenmekte ve yorumlanmaktadır. Deformasyon analizinde kullanılan Gri Sistem, bulanık mantık yaklaşımına alternatif bir yöntem olarak sunulmuştur. Bu çalışmada Fırat Nehri üzerinde inşa edilmiş olan Keban Barajındaki deformasyon ölçmelerinin belirlenmesinde ve analiz edilmesinde Gri sistem metodunun kullanılabilirliği araştırılmıştır. Keban barajında, jeoteknik ölçü yöntemi kullanılarak deformasyon ölçüleri yapılmış olan ölçü noktalarına ait boşluk suyu basınçları ve baraj göletindeki su seviyesindeki değişimler, gri sistem metoduyla tahmin edilmiştir. Keban Barajı’nda yapılan ölçü değerleriyle hesaplanan deformasyon miktarları, Gri Sistem yöntemiyle elde edilen tahmini deformasyon miktarları ile karşılaştırılmış ve tahmin başarısı elde edilmiştir.
Exploring the Factors affecting service quality of Zain Mobile subscribers in Albaha, Saudi Arabia
Authors:   College of Business Administration, Albaha University Albaha, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA), Zia Adil , Hashmi Razzak ,   College of Business Administration, Albaha University Albaha, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA)
Published: September 2019

This study examines different service quality factors that may influence customer satisfaction towards Zain Company in Saudi Arabia. Moreover, this research tries to know the impact of these elements on SQ. Retail Service Quality Scale (RSQS) was used to collect primary data. The sample was collected by implying quota sampling technique. A sample of 970 questionnaires were filled by the Zain mobile subscribers’ in Albaha region. Out of all the received questionnaires, 891 completely filled questionnaires were finally included for the study. AMOS software was used to investigate the data using Structural Equations Modelling (SEM) analysis. It was found that three factors significantly impact SQ. these factors firstly Physical Aspect, then Problem solving and lastly Policy. Whereas two factors namely Reliability and second Personal interactions were found to be highly insignificant factor. This nonconformity of results occurred may be because of the social limitations in Saudi Arabia. Therefore there is a necessity to further examine as to why subscribers in Albaha region are less concerned in socialising and communicate with the retailer.
E2-SCRP: An Energy Efficient Secure Cluster-based Routing Protocol for 3D Underwater Acoustic MANET (UWMANET)
Authors:   research scholar in Department Of Computer Science and Applications,Kurukshetra University, Kurukshetra, Haryana, India, Yadav Arun Kumar , Kush Ashwani ,   Associate Professor and Head in Department in Computer Science, IIHS, Kurukshetra University, Kurukshetra
Published: September 2019

In the current years, Underwater Mobile Ad hoc Network (UWMANET) has emerged as an enthusiastic field for supporting disaster prevention applications (Climate and Weather Observation, Earthquakes in Ocean (Tsunamis), underwater level navigation and tracking). In UWMANET, conventional data transmission methods have certain drawbacks such as high energy consumption, packet loss rate and end-to-end delay. Nowadays, mobile node i.e. Autonomous Underwater Vehicle (AUV) is widely used for data collection from underwater sensors, which act as a relay between sensor node and surface sink. Security is a significant issue in UWMANET, which is required for secure communications. In this paper, Energy Efficient Secure Cluster based Routing Protocol called E2-SCRP is presented in 3D UWMANET environment. The qu-Vanstone based Elliptic Curve Cryptography (qV-ECC) based short-term public key generation scheme is proposed for sensor node authentication. To reduce energy consumption, layer based clustering algorithm is proposed using Type-2 Fuzzy Logic System (T2fls) where Trust value, Distance between neighbors, Relative mobility and Node buffer size for cluster head (CH) election are considered. Next step is to execute two different security schemes based on Event Management. For event occurred clusters, Ciphertext Stealing Technique (CST) is used to resolve the ciphertext expansion problem. For normal data transmission, Lightweight Digital Watermarking (LDW) with Firefly algorithm is proposed. Optimal route for data transmission is executed by Pigeons Swarm Optimization (PiSO) and the forward to sink node via Adjacent AUV. Experiments conducted using NS3 (3.26) and the performance is evaluated for several metrics include packet delivery ratio, energy consumption, end-to-end delay, security strength, and throughput.
GAYA KEPEMIMPINAN YANG DITERAPKAN CAMAT DI KANTOR KECAMATAN TUBBI TARAMANU KABUPATEN POLEWALI MANDAR
Authors: Jaya Andi Risma , , Nurmillah
Published: September 2019

Tujuan Penelitian Untuk mengetahui gaya kepemimpinan yang diterapkan Camat di Kantor Kecamatan Tubbi Taramanu. Tipe penelitian adalah deskriptif, dengan desain penelitian adalah kualitatif yang bertujuan untuk memberikan gambaran atau penjelasan tentang gaya kepemimpinan Camat dalam memberi motivasi pegawai di Kantor Kecamatan Tubbi Taramanu, Kabupaten Polewali Mandar. Adapun Informan yang dipilih yaitu : Sekretaris Kecamatan, Kepala-kepala Seksi dan Subseksi, Para Staf di Kantor Kecamatan Tubbi Taramanu, Lurah/ Kepala Desa di Kecamatan Tubbi Taramanu.Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah : Studi kepustakaan, yaitu mempelajari dan menganalisa buku atau bahan tulisan yang ada hubungannya dengan penelitian. Studi lapangan, yaitu pengumpulan data dan informasi dilakukan dengan cara langsung mengunjungi lokasi penelitian yaitu Kantor Kecamatan Tubbi Taramanu Kabupaten Polman, melalui : Obeservasi Wawancara. Teknik Analisis Data, Data primer dan sekunder yang terkumpul, kemudian diolah dan dianalisis dengan menggunakan pendekatan analisis kualitatif. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian pada bab sebelumnya, maka dapat ditarik kesimpulan bahwa gaya kepemimpinan Camat Tubbi Taramanu dalam memotivasi pegawainya menggunakan gaya kepemimpinan transaksional. Hal ini dikarenakan Camat cenderung menjanjikan imbalan kepada para pegawainya (khususnya tenaga honorer) terhadap kinerja mereka.  Camat belum mampu memberikan motivasi secara optimal karena Camat belum mampu mengetahui kebutuhan psikologis pegawainya yang disebabkan karena Camat kurang dalam melakukan interaksi dan komunikasi yang baik dengan para pegawainya sehingga terjadi kekakuan diantara keduanya.
Evaluar por competencia o como potencia. Una mirada reflexiva y crítica
Authors: Zabala de Alemán Josefa , Sánchez Carreño José
Published: September 2019

From critical rationality, new ways of thinking about theory and evaluative practice have emerged with a sense of the contextual partner and human, propitiating the sociohistorical and cultural subject recovery that it is required to communities’ development. Therefore, this paper has as objective to reveal the constitutive bases of the evaluation by competence, detached from the subjective to envision another notion like power. For this, critical hermeneutics was used as a methodological way to get into the evaluative reality, showing two possible edges of its task: the objectification of the educational subject or its emancipation. In this sense, the ideas of Freire (2006), Foucault (1990), Deleuze and Guattari (1999), served as support to propose an evaluation like powering of the most human human being, who by empowering himself of his subjectivity, he re-invents reality in collective as an intersubjective expression .That is to say, an evaluation of the sensitive, the creative and the autonomous, intrinsic in the formation, which will resurface as emancipatory and vitalist empowerment of the pedagogical praxis, from an ontology another of its doing. In sum, current socio-educational demands lead to a new ontoepistemology of evaluation in order to emancipate transformation of being of education. To do this, we have to get rid of technical and instrumental notions and practices, thus drawing new leakage lines in their events, constituting it in a space for the empowerment of the human.
La biojurídica o el bioderecho como mediador de los nuevos dilemas biomédicos
Authors: Araujo-Cuauro Juan
Published: September 2019

The advance of bioethics as a science has exceeded the ethical scenario to fully immerse oneself in other environments of knowledge, essentially in the sphere of the legal, as it is, the bio-legal and towards a new protagonist of an emerging science such as the biolaw. There are dilemmas or bioethical premises from which generate the great juridical questions, around the legal sciences, which must be adjusted to the social reality generated by the great biotechnological advances, in order to regulate the behavior generated by human behavior. The objective of the research is to analyze the role of bioethics in the development of biolaw or biolaw as a mediator of new biomedical dilemmas. The methodology used is a bibliographic documentary research which focuses on the positions of some authors such as Aparisi (2007) and Schaefer (2017), among others. A documentary review was made from a critical stance of the literary sources selected and used for the development of the research, this with the purpose of identifying the different conceptions that biotechnological advances have had on human behavior and its need to be regulated by law. It is concluded that the relationship between bioethics and law has been very useful, at the time of responding to the theme of the debate on the great bioethical dilemmas, which results in the emergence of a novel legal branch such as bio-legal or biolaw.
Servicios Web 2.0 en el portal UNICA
Authors: Grimaldos Olmos Rigo , Paz Baptista Anny
Published: September 2019

This investigation aimed to determine the use of web 2.0 services in the Catholic University Cecilio Acosta (UNICA) site by the institution, located in Maracaibo city, Venezuela. The theoretical contributions were supported by O'Reilly (2007), Lévy (2004), Rheingold (2004), Surowiecki (2005), Cobo (2007a), among other authors. The investigation comes from a project attached to the UNICA Research and Postgraduate Deanery, was descriptive, an observation guide was applied to collect information from the UNICA website and the 2.0 services to which it is associated as the platforms for vertical social networks YouTube, Instagram and SoundCloud, and platforms for horizontal social networks Facebook and Twitter. Among the most relevant findings was the exclusive use of social networking services for interaction with the university community, without including other services that seek to generate knowledge. It is concluded that UNICA uses web 2.0 services in its site in a limited and non-strategic way, with a purely informative nature that includes specific topics of the university and the catholic church, which could hinder the knowledge management as process of 21st century universities.
Entrevista: Somos todos Mexicanos: Uma Conversa com Murilo Seabra
Authors: Seabra Murilo , Xavier Arthur
Published: September 2019

Por que não se estuda pensadores brasileiros nos cursos de filosofia? Onde é que eles estão? E o problema da falta de pensadores brasileiros nos cursos de filosofia é um problema que afeta apenas a comunidade filosófica brasileira? Ou o que temos aqui é a expressão local e particular de um problema político mais geral? Na seguinte entrevista, realizada por e-mail entre 22 de maio e 31 de julho de 2019, Murilo Seabra fala do estranhamento que causa a expressão “filosofia brasileira”, das dificuldades objetivas e subjetivas que quem sai dos trilhos precisa enfrentar, e nos pede para pararmos de bater continência política e intelectual para as potências hegemônicas.
Misidentification of S. suis as a Zoonotic Agent
Authors: Tarini Ni Made Adi , Setiabudy Marta , Susilawathi NM , Fatmawati NND , Mayura IPB , Darwinata EA , Sudiariani NKA
Published: September 2019

BACKGROUND: Streptococcus suis is an emerging zoonotic pathogen. This bacterium commonly causes meningitis in human and is often associated with hearing and vestibular dysfunction. S. suis tends to be misidentified, leading to under-diagnosis.
CASE PRESENTATION: A previously healthy 50-year-old man was admitted to one of the district hospitals in Bali Province, Indonesia, due to meningitis. He had a history of consuming homemade raw pork product two days before the onset of illness. Streptococcus mitis was identified from the cerebrospinal fluid culture by using VITEX 2 COMPACT (Biomeriuex) with a 99% probability score. This patient had clinical symptoms and risk factor identical to S. suis infection. Therefore, we performed confirmation tests for the cerebrospinal fluid by PCR (using primer specific for gdh and recN) and sequencing of those PCR products. Both of the confirmation tests showed a positive result for S. suis.
CONCLUSION: There are few reports of S. suis infections in Indonesia, but we believe that the cases in Indonesia, especially Bali, are not uncommon. The under-reported cases are perhaps due to the difficulties in differentiating S. suis from other Streptococcus species by culture method, particularly Streptococcus mitis. Therefore, confirmation by PCR is necessary.
Exploring the Experiences of Iranian Women Regarding Obesity Self-Management: A Qualitative Study
Authors: Kaveh Omolhoda , Peyrovi Hamid
Published: September 2019

BACKGROUND: Despite the high and growing prevalence of obesity in Iran and a variety of interventions by the healthcare providers control the problem, and it is still a prevalent health problem among Iranian women.
AIM: The aim of this study is to explore the perspective of obese Iranian women in the process of self-management regarding the facilitating factor in self-management of obesity.
METHODS: In a qualitative study, the participants were selected through purposeful sampling, and the data were collected using semi-structured interviews and focus group (n = 25) between July 2017 and September 2018. All the interviews were transcribed verbatim and the data were analysed using constant comparative method.
RESULTS: Supporting the umbrella was the main category found in the present study. The participating obese individuals found “support” as the main factor with an outstanding effect on motivating, incentivising and keeping diet in long-term. This category contains subcategories: self-help; family, friends, and peers’ support; and medical team’s support.
CONCLUSION: The findings suggested the critical role of support in obesity self-management process. This critical factor improves our perception of the multi-aspect and complicated nature of obesity self-management. Moreover, policymakers and providers of health services can utilise this finding in the design of care plans with higher chance of success.
Survey of Current Difficult Airway Management Practice
Authors: Kuzmanovska Biljana , Shosholcheva Mirjana , Kartalov Andrijan , Jovanovski-Srceva Marija , Gavrilovska-Brzanov Aleksandra
Published: September 2019

BACKGROUND: Even for the most experienced anesthesiologists “can’t ventilate can’t intubate” scenario in difficult airway management is challenging, and although rare it is life-threatening.
AIM: The aim of this survey was to analyse the current practice of difficult airway management at our University teaching hospital.
MATERIAL AND METHODS: A ten-question-survey was conducted in the Tertiary University Teaching Hospital “Mother Theresa”, Clinic for Anesthesia, Reanimation and Intensive Care. The survey included demographic data, experience in training anaesthesia, practice in management of anticipated and non-anticipated difficult airway scenario, preferable equipment and knowledge of guidelines and protocols. Responses were noted, evaluated and analysed with the SPSS statistical program.
RESULTS: The overall response rate was very good; 94.5% answered the survey. During the assessment of the level of comfort with diverse airway equipment, there was diversity of answers due the experience of anaesthesia training, although the most frequent technique among all responders for anticipated difficult intubation was video laryngoscopy (48%). As for non-anticipated difficult intubation when conventional techniques failed to secure the airway most of the responders answered that they used supra-gothic airway device – laryngeal mask (38%) as a rescue measure.
CONCLUSION: Airway assessment, adequate training, experience, and availability of essential equipment are the pillars of successful airway management.
Le rôle de la norme dans la performance individuelle des salariés : perspective de réductions des injonctions paradoxales organisationnelles
Authors: Meier Olivier , Brière Mathilde , Le Roy Jeanne
Published: September 2019

Dans un contexte économique concurrentiel, le grand paradoxe des organisations tient à la nécessité de réduire la variabilité humaine afin d’assurer une performance fiable tout en laissant de la place à cette variabilité pour permettre son évolution et son adaptation. Ce paradoxe, perçu comme antagoniste, est le reflet de l’opposition de deux traditions de pensée critique, l’une, issue du taylorisme, posant que la norme doit toujours être respectée (H. Wallon, 1947 ; M. Weber, 1921), l’autre, issue des travaux contemporains en psychologie du travail et sociologie des organisations, défendant qu’elle ne peut jamais l’être (Y. Clot, 1995 ; C. Dejours, 2003). Nous proposons ici une troisième alternative quant au rôle de la norme dans la performance individuelle des salariés. Dans une perspective de réduction des injonctions paradoxales auxquelles sont confrontés les salariés contemporains, cet article a pour objet d’analyser la place des comportements s’écartant de la norme dans les organisations et leur lien avec la performance individuelle au travail. L’analyse et la confrontation des recherches sur la performance individuelle aux travaux sur la déviance positive nous a permis d’établir une typologie intégrative des comportements constructifs au travail. À partir de cette typologie, nous entendons la nécessité d’accompagner les comportements s’écartant de la norme afin de permettre une capacité d’évolution et d’adaptation nécessaire au maintien de l’organisation sur le marché. Il s’agit ainsi de ne plus considérer l’organisation habilitante et disciplinante dans une opposition thématique mais plutôt dans un rapport dialogique (G. Koenig et al., 2016).
L’impact de l’intelligence émotionnelle et de l’intelligence morale sur l’innovation produits/services : rôle du Customer Knowledge Management
Authors: Methamem Boudali Rim , Mouelhi Jebabli Sarra
Published: September 2019

La connaissance client présente une des ressources stratégiques cruciales pour la survie de l’entreprise (J. Billé et R. Soparnot, 2005) particulièrement dans le cas d’innovation. En effet, les entreprises ont besoin de collecter les informations nécessaires pour le développement innovant de produits et donc de gérer un processus à forte intensité de connaissances qui nécessitent des compétences sophistiquées en gestion du savoir. Les entreprises doivent donc disposer de compétences essentielles afin de gérer la base de données et les relations clients. La présence des vertus émotionnelles et morales issues de l’intelligence émotionnelle et de l’intelligence morale, s’est révélée très importante dans ce cadre. Dans cette recherche, nous proposons un modèle conceptuel qui porte sur les relations entre l’intelligence (émotionnelle et morale) et l’innovation dans les produits et services en se basant sur le rôle médiateur de la gestion de la connaissance client (CKM). Une étude auprès de 32 entreprises nationales et multinationales dans le contexte tunisien, a été menée. Des analyses factorielles exploratoires et des analyses factorielles confirmatoires basées sur la méthode des moindres carrés partiels SEM-PLS, ont été menées afin de tester les hypothèses et le modèle de la recherche.
Le développement des investissements immatériels dans les pays en développement : le rôle catalyseur des compétences des membres du Conseil d’administration
Authors: Gonne Jérôme , Bello Pascal , Roger Feudjo Jules
Published: September 2019

L’objectif de cet article est d’analyser l’apport des compétences spécifiques des membres du Conseil d’Administration (CA) à l’amélioration de la qualité des informations comptables et financières ainsi qu’au développement des investissements immatériels dans un contexte de marché financier embryonnaire. Les données de l’étude ont été collectées auprès d’un échantillon de 78 Sociétés Anonymes opérant dans divers secteurs d’activité au Cameroun. Les résultats obtenus mettent en évidence deux (02) dimensions des compétences des administrateurs qui permettent particulièrement de garantir une information comptable et financière de qualité sur la composante immatérielle et d’améliorer le niveau des investissements immatériels dans les entreprises. Ce qui montre que les entreprises peuvent s’appuyer sur une combinaison de compétences des administrateurs pour réduire l’incertitude qui caractérise les investissements immatériels et développer leurs potentialités.
Comprendre la communication de la gender mélancolie autour du fan féminin de Hallyu
Authors: Oh Ingyu , Kim Soel-ah
Published: September 2019

La sociologie a longtemps ignoré l’importance de la mélancolie comme moyen de compréhension et d’explication de la créativité féminine et du "fandom" féminin, en particulier dans leur processus communicatif de partage des motivations et des connaissances de la culture étrangère. Cet article examine la manière dont l’analyse sociobiologique de la mélancolie dévoile la nature d’un universalisme féminin stimulant l’appréciation de la K-pop et la découverte de la culture coréenne. À travers cette étude nous voyons que l’universalisme féminin est une entente ou compréhension généralement acceptée par les fans fidèles de Hallyu ; que la gender mélancolie, leur permettant de supprimer la tristesse de la perte du gender social désiré dans leur relation avec leurs proches, les conduit en fait à des comportements dépressifs, lesquels sont nécessaires pour réaliser ce désir virulent de découverte des sous-cultures étrangères socialement sous-estimées, telles que la K-pop et la culture coréenne.
Workshop Imaginaires Urbains. Une étude exploratoire de la fonction symbolique de l’espace
Authors: Leite Julieta , Pitta Tania , Teti Rafaela
Published: September 2019

Cet article est les résultats d’une étude sur les correspondances physiques et sociales existantes dans l’espace urbain avec une observation particulaire sur l’architecture et ses formes d’appréhension. La recherche se base sur une étude expérimentale de la fonction symbolique de l’espace urbain en appliquant la méthode de l’« Archétype-Test du Lieu à 9 éléments » (ATL-9) dans le quartier de Boa Vista à Recife en 2016. Cette étude a été réalisée dans le cadre d’une activité d’extension (« Université hors les murs ») - le Workshop Imaginaires Urbains -, du cours d’Architecture et Urbanisme de l’Université Fédérale de Pernambouc (UFPE). Les résultats de l’étude ont permis d’obtenir des faits symboliques matérialisés par des images (dessins) et par les sens (récits), en plus de la spatialisation et de l’organisation de ces faits en un sous-ensemble signifiant. Cette expérience, combinée aux préoccupations de l’architecte urbaniste, a permis de mettre en place une étude de l’imaginaire dans une perspective méthodologique orientée vers la connaissance de la réalité urbaine, ainsi que vers de nouvelles manières de considérer et de développer le projet qui prenne en compte les caractéristiques propres des lieux et de ses occupants.
Corneal First Surface Wavefront Aberrations Before and After Pterygium Surgery
Authors: Pesudovs Konrad , Figueiredo Francisco C
Published: September 2019

ABSTRACT

PURPOSE: To determine the higher order aberrations at the corneal first surface before and after surgery for pterygium.

METHODS: Data were drawn from a longitudinal study of patients undergoing pterygium excision at Royal Victoria Infirmary, Newcastle upon Tyne, England between September 1998 and May 2004. Corneal topography was taken with the TMS-2 Topographic Modeling System (Computed Anatomy Corp) prior to and 6 months after surgery, exported to VOLPro software v7.08 (Sarver & Associates), and wavefront aberrations were derived for a 5.0-mm pupil using a 10th order Zernike polynomial expansion. Pre- to postoperative changes were assessed for significance using analyses of variance, and the relative risk of significant postoperative aberrations by pterygium size was determined.

RESULTS: Satisfactory corneal topography was available on 67 eyes (mean age 53.8±16.7 years [range: 25-86 years]). The root-mean-square (RMS) fit error in preoperative eyes was 0.15±0.10 µm. Preoperatively, the total higher order RMS wavefront aberration was 0.94±0.83 µm. All Zernike modes were elevated, with trefoil being the major contributor 0.52±0.50µm. Pterygium excision significantly reduced wavefront aberrations across all modes and orders (F^sub 1,129^=6.7 to 22.6, P<.01): total higher order RMS^sub postop^ 0.45±0.35 µm. Cases with visually significant postoperative aberrations occurred and were more likely with larger pterygia: relative risk compared to pterygia 1.0 to 1.9 mm was 1.3 for 2.0 to 2.9 mm, 8.5 for 3.0 to 3.9 mm, 13.3 for 4.0 to 4.9 mm, and 10.2 for 5.0 to 5.9 mm.

CONCLUSIONS: Zernike polynomial fitting well describes wavefront aberrations in eyes with pterygia. Pterygia are associated with wavefront aberrations, especially trefoil, but these were largely eliminated by surgery. Earlier excision of pterygia reduces the likelihood of significant residual aberrations. [J Refract Surg. 2006;22:921-925.]
Comparison of Wavefront Reconstructions With Zernike Polynomials and Fourier Transforms
Authors: Dai Guang-ming
Published: September 2019

ABSTRACT

PURPOSE: To make a direct comparison between Fourier and Zernike reconstructions of ocular wavefronts using a newly available analytical theory by which Fourier coefficients can be converted to Zernike coefficients and vice versa.

METHODS: Noise-free random wavefronts were simulated with up to the 15th order of Zernike polynomials. For each case, 100 random wavefronts were simulated separately. These wavefronts were smoothed with a low-pass Gaussian filter to remove edge effects. Wavefront slopes were calculated, and normally distributed random noise was added within the circular area to simulate realistic Shack-Hartmann spot patterns. Three wavefront reconstruction methods were performed. The wavefront surface error was calculated as the percentage of the input wavefront root mean square.

RESULTS: Fourier full reconstruction was more accurate than Zernike reconstruction from the 6th to the 10th orders for low-to-moderate noise levels. Fourier reconstruction was found to be approximately 100 times faster than Zernike reconstruction. Fourier reconstruction always makes optimal use of information. For Zernike reconstruction, however, the optimal number of orders must be chosen manually. The optimal Zernike order for Zernike reconstruction is lower for smaller pupils than larger pupils.

CONCLUSIONS: Fourier full reconstruction is faster and more accurate than Zernike reconstruction, makes optimal use of slope information, and better represents ocular aberrations of highly aberrated eyes. [J Refract Surg. 2006;22:943-948.]
Precision of NIDEK OPD-Scan Measurements
Authors: Holzer Mike P , Goebels Susanne , Auffarth Gerd U
Published: September 2019

ABSTRACT

PURPOSE: To evaluate the repeatability of wavefront measurements using the NIDEK OPD-Scan.

METHODS: A total of 179 eyes from 90 healthy volunteers (57 women and 33 men) with no corneal or lenticular pathology and normal visual acuity were enrolled in this study. Mean patient age was 39 years (range: 17 to 85 years). All patients underwent four consecutive measurements by one examiner with the NIDEK OPD-Scan. Total, corneal, and internal wavefront errors were measured and calculated with the device, using slit retinoscopy. Repeatability of the measurements was evaluated for spherical aberration, coma, and trefoil.

RESULTS: The repeatability test revealed a good result for all three higher order aberrations evaluated. The best repeatability values were found for total aberrations, followed by internal and corneal aberrations.

CONCLUSIONS: The NIDEK OPD-Scan has good precision in the wavefront measurement of total, corneal, and internal optical aberrations. [J Refract Surg. 2006;22: S1021-S1023.]
Rethinking Education System for the Fourth Industrial Revolution
Authors: Atiku Sulaiman Olusegun , Boateng Frank
Published: September 2019

The use of automation and artificial intelligence in recent times has created two options for stakeholders in the global business environment. The stakeholders are capable of becoming the agents or victims of inevitable transformation. This chapter explores a review of education system across the globe in building human capital to address the challenges and take advantage of the opportunities in the fourth industrial revolution. This chapter combines a literature review approach and personal observation in higher education institutions in advancing education system for the fourth industrial revolution. The use of chatbot as a training needs assessment technique is effective in collecting variety of information about needs, problems, potential problems, perceptions, attitudes, and opinions in the digital age. This chapter holds that teaching contents and techniques should be structured in line with the learners' objectives, students' needs, and skills in high demand by employers in the fourth industrial revolution.
Competency Framework for the Fourth Industrial Revolution
Authors: Topcu Mustafa Kemal
Published: September 2019

Today's business environment is described with volatility, uncertainty, complexity, and ambiguity. In order for organizations to survive in the fourth industrial revolution characterized by continuously changing resulted from digital transformation and technological development, it is critical to identify a vision, to attract qualified human resources, to motivate them, to allocate resources to complete the mission, and to speed activities up to achieve the desired end state. It is of great significance to analyze the organization and create a competency framework to harbor all relevant steps to move the organization further. Therefore, this study aims at drawing attention to competency framework for the Industry 4.0 environment. There is no doubt that a standard competency framework for the fourth revolution may not be proposed. However, as a starting point, a generalized competency framework is proposed as a sample for further conceptual and empirical studies.
Identification of Challenges and Opportunities for Work 4.0 Competences Developing in Slovakia
Authors: Fidlerová Helena , Porubčinová Martina , Fero Martin , Novotná Ivana
Published: September 2019

Industry 4.0 and its effect on processes and people becomes reality with all organizational and technological complex implications for the future. States around the world including Slovakia face the challenge of defining strategy on how to convert the challenges of Industry 4.0 into competitive advantage. This chapter focuses on Work 4.0 competences development, analyzed in the level of enrichment of the human capital content as well as in the level of labor market polarization. The aim of this chapter is to present opportunities and threats in competence development regarding the concept of Intelligent Industry and discuss sustainable solutions in the context of National Action Plan of Intelligent Industry of Slovak Republic, looking for win-win strategy. The authors analyze differences in competences achieved via education system in Slovakia and expectations of industry. Special attention is given the situation in Slovakia, country-oriented on automotive and with strong cooperation with Germany as innovation leader in European countries, to find strategy within this no zero game.
Current Trends in Human Capital Formation
Authors: Ayandibu Ayansola Olatunji , Abiwu Lawrence
Published: September 2019

This chapter explores the trends in human capital formation towards building sustainable organisations. A literature review approach was adopted to investigate HR practices which contribute to human capital formation, the contribution of human capital, as well as the barriers to human capital formation and theories of human capital formation. Human capital has been conceptualized as the collective knowledge that is embedded in the personnel, organisational routines, and network relationships of an organisation. It was found that many countries such as China, Russia, India, and Brazil are experiencing economic growth because of the investment in their human capital formation. The review of empirical studies showed that human capital has been considered as a firm's strategic resource for sustainable competitive advantage. This chapter submits that to prevent loss of human capital, it is important for organisations to create an environment and culture that will foster or encourage individual and organisational learning.
Effective Integration of Technology and Human Capital Development in Healthcare
Authors: Duncan Terrence , Hanney Gary James , Burrell Darrell Norman , Rahim Emad
Published: September 2019

Human capital development is important for organizations and most industries in the United States of America (USA). In the healthcare industry, human capital development is a priority due to the variety of skilled and unique positions within one of the most regulated industries within the USA. Integration of work processes, operational efficiencies, and assimilating regulatory changes are a pre-requisite for human resource professionals to remain competitive as well as remain operationally relevant. Information technology adoption in healthcare must continue to improve to address some of the industry's largest challenges: turnover, retention, and education. The intent of this chapter is to outline the existing challenges of human capital development in healthcare and how information technology provides significant value to closing the gaps of the alarming trends that exist in the industry.