bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Paradigma Humanis Pelayanan Publik Pada Kebijakan Larangan Mudik 2021 di Pelabuhan Bakauheni Lampung
Authors: Adam Syahid  , Retnowati WD Tuti
Published: October 2021

Tujuan penelitian ini membahas  implementasi pelayanan publik para stakeholder di Pemerintahan Lampung pada kebijakan larangan mudik 2021 pada para pemudik dengan segala prosedur kesehatan dengan  perspektif/paradigma humanistis. Kami menggunakan metode deskriptif, dengan pendekatan kualitatif., yaitu menggambarkan beberapa kajian, kebijakan pelayanan publik dari berbagai literatur. Berdasarkan kajian literatur mendapatkan hasil Pelayanan penanaman nilai-nilai humanisme  sebagai upaya preventif kepada para pelaksana pemberi layanan, satgas Covid 19 dibawah kordinasi Pemerintahan Lampung yang optimal, melalui lima indikator yang digunakan dapat dilihat bagaimana kualitas pelayanan upaya preventif larangan mudik yaitu Reliability, Responsiveness, Assurance, Empathy dan Tangibel, dengan tracking para pemudik , pengguna jasa moda transportasi darat melalui swab antigen. Larangan mudik 2021 bagi pemudik yang insidentil karena sebab akibat keluarga darurat kesehatan, dan lain lain terjadi proses pelayanan publik  yang berkualitas dan optimal kepuasan dirasakan oleh para penerima layanan dengan upaya preventif dan standa prosedur kesehatan melalui swan antigen sebelum menyeberang melalui pelabuhan bakauheni.
Implementasi Kebijakan Alokasi Dana Desa di Desa Maria Kecamatan Wawo Kabupaten Bima
Authors: Haerun Yasin  , Sri Wahyuli
Published: October 2021

Semangat membangun tata pengelolaan Dana Desa baik yang bersumber dari Pemerintah Pusat maupun Pemerintah Daerah, sehingga Desa-Desa di Indonesia khususnya Desa Maria yang ada di kecamatan Wawo dapat berkembang secara menyeluruh dan tingkat perkembangan masing-masing. Bantuan Langsung Alokasi Dana Desa yang selanjutnya disebut ADD adalah dana bantuan langsung yang dialokasikan kepada Pemerintah Desa. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui penyerapan alokasi Anggaran Dana Desa (ADD) di Desa Maria Kecamatan Wawo Kabupaten Bima. Adapun Metode peneilitian ini yaitu kuantitatif, Data yang terkumpul kemudian di analisa dengan teknik analisis data dengan menggunakan SPSS 16.0 for windows. Kemudian adapun teknik pengumpulan data yaitu observasi, quisioner, dan studi kepustakaan. Sehingga dapat disimpulkan bahwa jawaban responden yang mengatakan sangat baik 59,78%, kemudian responden yang menjawab baik 29,12%, dan responden yang menjawab cukup baik 7,10%, serta responden yang menjawab kurang baik 4%. Ini mengindikasikan bahwa Pemerintah Desa Maria telah mengalokasikan angggaran dana desa (ADD) dengan baik walaupun terdapat 4% yang menjawab kurang baik, hal ini penting untuk dilakukan restrukturisasi alokasi sesuai tepat sasaran, agar angka 4% dapat diminimalisir dengan baik Pemerintah Desa Maria bersama BPD.
Clear, transparent, and timely communication for fair authorship decisions: a practical guide
Authors: Gani Shahzad , Kohl Lukas , Baalbaki Rima , Bianchi Federico , Ruuskanen Taina M. , Siira Olli-Pekka , Paasonen Pauli , Vehkamäki Hanna
Published: October 2021

Abstract. Authorship conflicts are a common occurrence in academic publishing, and they can have serious implications for the careers and well-being of the involved researchers as well as the collective success of research organizations. In addition to not inviting relevant contributors to co-author a
paper, the order of authors as well as honorary, gift, and ghost authors are all widely recognized problems related to authorship. Unfair authorship practices disproportionately affect those lower in the power hierarchies – early career researchers, women, researchers from the Global
South, and other minoritized groups. Here we propose an approach to preparing author lists based on clear, transparent, and timely communication. This approach aims to minimize the potential for late-stage authorship conflicts during manuscript preparation by facilitating timely and transparent decisions on potential co-authors and their responsibilities. Furthermore, our approach can help avoid imbalances between
contributions and credits in published papers by recording planned and executed responsibilities. We present authorship guidelines which also include a novel authorship form along with the documentation of the formulation process for a multidisciplinary and interdisciplinary center with
more than 250 researchers. Other research groups, departments, and centers can use or build on this template to design their own authorship
guidelines as a practical way to promote fair authorship practices.
Los polacos en la Guerra Civil española (1936-1939): durante el conflicto y después
Authors: Pietrzak Jacek
Published: October 2021

Polish citizens and people of Polish descent played a considerably significant role in the Spanish Civil War. They fought on both sides of the conflict, however, most of them in the Republican Army (4,500-5,000 among ca. 35,000 soldiers of the International Brigades). Approximately 75% of them comprised of immigrants, mainly from France, who were predominantly either activists or supporters of the French Communist Party. Only 600-800, or according to some sources 1200 individuals, the majority of whom were communists (80% or more), were believed to come directly from Poland. The highest number of volunteers fought within the ranks of 13th Brigade “Jarosław Dąbrowski”, which took part in the major key operations and suffered huge losses amounting to 30-40%. A few dozens of Poles fought in the Gen. F. Franco’s National Army.  Most of them were professional soldiers of the Spanish Foreign Legion, who had joined it before the war broke out, so their participation in the war was not dictated by ideological reasons. The author adopts synthesizing approach to portray the Polish soldiers fighting for each side of the conflict, including their background and involvement in the most important military operations. The article pays an attention to the fates of Polish veterans of the International Brigades referred to as “Dąbrowszczacy” during the World War II and, following this, an attempt to demonstrate the specific role and changes “Dąbrowszczacy” were undergoing within the political system of the Polish People’s Republic (PRL).
Ser homosexual durante el franquismo. Su rastro en los expedientes del Juzgado Especial de Madrid para la aplicación de la Ley de Vagos y Maleantes (1954-1956)
Authors: Gahete Muñoz Soraya
Published: October 2021

En 1954 la Ley de Vagos y Maleantes sufre una pequeña, pero importante modificación: los homosexuales son considerados como sujetos peligrosos y sobre ellos va a recaer un control institucional. A este control se le sumará una represión policial y médica con el fin de evitar que “estos comportamientos se contagien al resto de los hombres”. En este artículo se analizarán una serie de expedientes abiertos a hombres acusados de “actos homosexuales” en Madrid (aunque en algunos se recogen también detenciones en otros puntos de España) con el fin de analizar los distintos motivos por los cuales estos sujetos pasaron a ser detenidos y en qué casos la detención derivó en una condena. Gracias a estudios ya existentes en otros puntos como Barcelona, País Vasco o Canarias se podrá comparar si existieron diferencias en cuanto a los criterios de detención y condena en diferentes puntos de la geografía española.
El “caso Honecker”. 1991-1992: Una Crisis Diplomática Asimétrica (CDA).
Authors: Medina Cristián , Harvey Hugo
Published: October 2021

A la luz de diversas crisis internacionales se estableció una modalidad de divergencia especial -“Crisis Diplomática Asimétrica (CDA)”-, en la que resulta imposible escalar a un conflicto armado, los actores involucrados son más diversos y las dinámicas son particulares. Luego del análisis detallado del denominado “caso Honecker”, se construye una curva de intensidad que identifica fases, sub-fases, hitos e intensidades del conflicto diplomático que enfrentó entre 1991 y 1992 a Chile con Alemania y, en menor medida, Rusia. Así se ofrece un modelo y una herramienta para realizar un seguimiento y evaluación de las CDAs que, al objetivar y cuantificar los niveles de tensión, permite estudiar crisis pasadas o apoyar la toma de decisiones en futuros escenarios.
Falange Exterior (1936-1945): Estado de la cuestión y líneas de investigación
Authors: Simón Arce Rafael Ángel
Published: October 2021

Desde enero de 1936 hasta diciembre de 1945 el Servicio Exterior de Falange se extendió por Europa, América, Asia y África, llegando a englobar a varias decenas de miles de emigrantes españoles. Pese a lo cual ha merecido un tratamiento tangencial y puntual por parte de la producción historiográfica. Este artículo lleva a cabo una revisión de la historiografía al respecto y un análisis de cuáles deben ser las líneas de investigación y propuestas para un estudio global y en profundidad de esta sección de Falange, analizando como fue su establecimiento y desarrollo tanto en los servicios centrales, la Delegación Nacional del Servicio Exterior de Falange, el Servicio de Intercambio y Propaganda Exterior, etc., y como se produjo su extensión en las distintas secciones territoriales por medio mundo.
Amarís Duarte, Olga: Una poética del exilio. Hannah Arendt y María Zambrano. Barcelona, Herder, 2021. 319 pp.
Authors: Pérez Díaz María
Published: October 2021

Reseña de la obra de Amarís Duarte, Olga: Una poética del exilio. Hannah Arendt y María Zambrano. Barcelona, Herder, 2021. 319 pp.
Azcona, José Manuel; Abdiu, Majlinda; y Burón, Manuel (eds.): De la beat generation al movimiento punk: vástagos culturales de la sociedad de la abundancia. Madrid, Sílex, 2021. 360pp.
Authors: Mota Zurdo David
Published: October 2021

Reseña de la obra de  Azcona, José Manuel; Abdiu, Majlinda; y Burón, Manuel (eds.): De la beat generation al movimiento punk: vástagos culturales de la sociedad de la abundancia. Madrid, Sílex, 2021. 360pp.
Berthier, Nancy: La muerte de Franco en la pantalla. “El Generalísimo is Still Dead”. Valencia (España), Shangrila Ediciones, 2020. 255 pp.
Authors: Jiménez Gómez Cristina
Published: October 2021

Reseña de la obra de  Berthier, Nancy: La muerte de Franco en la pantalla. “El Generalísimo is Still Dead”. Valencia (España), Shangrila Ediciones, 2020. 255 pp.
Mazzuca, Sebastián: Latecomer State Formation. Political Geography and Capacity Failure in Latin America, New Haven & London, Yale University Press, 2021. 447 pp.
Authors: Cortesi Sebastián G.
Published: October 2021

Reseña de la obra de Mazzuca, Sebastián: Latecomer State Formation. Political Geography and Capacity Failure in Latin America, New Haven & London, Yale University Press, 2021. 447 pp.
Oliver Olmo, Pedro y Cubero Izquierdo, Mª Carmen (coords.): De los controles disciplinarios a los controles securitarios, Cuenca, Ediciones de la Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, 2020, 804 pp.
Authors: Pérez Ibarrola Nerea
Published: October 2021

Reseña de la obra de Oliver Olmo, Pedro y Cubero Izquierdo, Mª Carmen (coords.): De los controles disciplinarios a los controles securitarios, Cuenca, Ediciones de la Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, 2020, 804 pp.
Vallejo García-Hevia, José María: Matías Barrio y Mier (1844-1909). Un historiador del derecho en la cátedra, la política y la guerra. Madrid, Sanz y Torres, 2020, 896 pp.
Authors: Galán Lorda Mercedes
Published: October 2021

Reseña de la obra de Vallejo García-Hevia, José María: Matías Barrio y Mier (1844-1909). Un historiador del derecho en la cátedra, la política y la guerra. Madrid, Sanz y Torres, 2020, 896 pp.
Mecanismos para la prevención de la trampa de la pobreza en los modelos de garantía de rentas
Authors: Zalakain Hernández Joseba
Published: October 2021

Al objeto de contribuir al diseño de los mecanismos que permiten prevenir la trampa de la pobreza en los sistemas de garantía de rentas, este artículo analiza, por una parte, el trata-miento que actualmente se da en los sistemas autonómicos de rentas mínimas a los ingre-sos laborales y, por otra, compara el impacto específico de cinco modelos de garantía de rentas sobre la llamada trampa de pobreza. En lo que se refiere al diseño de las rentas mí-nimas españolas, puede decirse que la lógica de la prevención de la trampa de la pobreza se viene abriendo paso, con dificultad, en el espacio de los sistemas de garantía de ingre-sos autonómicos. En lo que se refiere al impacto concreto de los diferentes modelos de garantía de ingresos, el análisis realizado pone de manifiesto que la Renta Básica incondi-cional, universal e individual no es, en esencia, más útil que las rentas mínimas o garanti-zadas, en lo que se refiere específicamente a la prevención de la trampa de la pobreza, ya que su utilidad al respecto no depende de su mayor o menor condicionalidad, o de su uni-versalidad, sino de otros factores como las cuantías garantizadas y los tipos de IRPF apli-cados.
ATA DA 28ª SESSÃO ORDINÁRIA DA ACADEMIA NACIONAL DE MEDICINA
Authors: Aboudib Jr. JH
Published: October 2021

ATA DA 28ª SESSÃO ORDINÁRIA DA ACADEMIA NACIONAL DE MEDICINA, RELATIVA AO 192º ANO ACADÊMICO, REALIZADA NO DIA 23/09/2021, QUINTA FEIRA, ÀS 18 HORAS, NA PLATAFORMA DE REUNIÕES ONLINE ZOOM MEETINGS. Presidente: Acad. Rubens Belfort Mattos Jr. Secretário-Geral: Acad. Carlos Eduardo Brandão Mello
Perspektywa globalna i jej implikacje w kontekście wielowymiarowego kryzysu społeczno-gospodarczego
Authors: MISZEWSKI MACIEJ
Published: October 2021

The author assumes that today we are dealing with a multidimensional crisis, one of the components of which is the pandemic. This crisis, as well as the countermeasures undertaken in connection with it, are creating a new shape of global socio-economic reality. The key issue here are the multilateral links between seemingly separate phenomena such as migration, climate disasters and ocean contamination. All these links have an economic dimension that can be fully tangible only with a global perspective. Facing crisis challenges requires cooperation on a global scale – between countries, international organizations and large corporations. Due to the unreliability of traditional prediction, it becomes necessary to formulate scenarios of events that may occur as a result of crisis phenomena.
Konkurencja wewnątrzorganizacyjna w grupach Kapitałowych
Authors: MIERZEJEWSKA WIOLETTA
Published: October 2021

Business groups as one of the forms of capital concentration began to appear in developed economies from the end of the 19th century as a result of geographical expansion, diversification and the development of enterprises stimulated by industrialization. Currently, they take a significant part of the value added in the economy. In the context of institutional regulation of transactions, business groups are considered to be an intermediate structure between a pure market and a pure hierarchy. The subsidiaries within a business group enter into various interactions, partly based on market principles, and partly regulated by hierarchical coordination mechanisms. Although the main goal of this structure is cooperation of subsidiaries, in their functioning one can see the formation of relations characterized by competition. The aim of the article is to identify the perception of competition processes within business groups. It is a relatively unexplored issue, studied mainly on the example of international corporations, but of great importance for the effectiveness of the entire business group. The research was based on a sample of 121 parent companies listed on the Warsaw Stock Exchange. The results of the research show that subsidiaries within a business group display competitive behavior towards their sister entities, although of low intensity. The tendency towards the prevalence of the resource competition (on the internal market) over the product and market competition (on the external market) is also visible. The research findings confirmed the existing conceptual analyses and enabled an in-depth characterization of competitive processes in business groups from the perspective of the entire group, taking into account the intensity and areas of competitive behavior.
Marian GORYNIA: Ekonomiczne, finansowe i menedżerskie aspekty zagranicznej ekspansji przedsiębiorstw
Authors: Drelich-Skulska Bogusława
Published: October 2021

Recenzja
Efficacy of Allium Sativum, Curcuma Longa and Zingiber Officinale Extract on Serum Vasculoendothelial Growth Factors Levels of Breast Cancer Patients
Authors: Yang Michael , Gatot Dairion , Mardia Andri Iskandar
Published: October 2021

ntroduction: Breast cancer requires high nutrition, oxygen and metabolism where VEGF-triggered angiogenesis is needed. VEGF is triggered via the HIF-1 pathway and also via the NF-Kappa B pathway. VEGF is associated with tumor growth and metastasis. Some plant extracts have anti-angiogenesis effects such as Curcuma longa, Allium sativum and Zingiber officinale.
Objective: To determine serum levels of SGOT, SGPT, ureum, creatinine, albumin and VEGF before and after administration of Curcuma longa, Allium sativum and Zingiber officinale extracts
Method: An open label clinical trial study with a one group pretest posttest design involving 21 patients from breast cancer community in Medan collected by consecutive sampling from June – July 2021 in USU hospital where these patients met the inclusion criteria. All patients were tested for complete blood count, urea, creatinine, SGOT, SGPT, albumin, serum VEGF before and after being given a combination extract of Curcuma longa 150 mg, Allium sativum 200 mg and Zingiber officinale 150 mg twice daily for 28 days. Statistical analysis was performed by paired analytical T test or Wilcoxon.
Results: The study involved 20 subjects. From the examination of kidney function obtained results before and after the administration of a combination extract VEGF results before and after the administration of the combination (1110(760-7893) μg / ml vs. 864 (532-5650 μg / ml, p = 0.001).
Conclusion: VEGF serum breast cancer patients had a significant reduction after being given a combination of extracts of Allium sativum, Curcuma longa and Zingber officinale.

Keywords: VEGF, Allium sativum, Curcuma longa, Zingiber officinale.
The Potential of Granisetron in Preventing Spinal Anesthesia Induced Hypotension on Non-Obstetric Procedure
Authors: Nuradi Poppy , Subagiartha Made , Surya Panji Putu Agus
Published: October 2021

Hypotension is a common adverse effect seen after spinal anesthesia. In recent literature the use of 5-HT3 receptor antagonists has been proposed to prevent spinal anesthesia induced hypotension (SAIH). We present the use of granisetron in several cases as prevention strategy for SAIH in our center. All 10 eligible subjects received 3 mg granisetron diluted in 10 cc normal saline 5 minutes prior to spinal anesthesia, on patients who undergone non-obstetric procedure. Eight patients showed good response without evidence of hypotension, while the other two patients had hypotension managed well with ephedrine. As many as 9 patients had no bradycardia, while shivering was noted in 3 patients. All patients didn’t suffer from nausea/vomiting, due to its effectiveness of granisetron acts as antiemetic agents. Granisetron, has great affinity specifically for 5-HT3 receptor. It blocked the Bezold Jarisch Reflex (BJR) activation that will lead to hypotension and bradycardia. In a nutshell, granisetron has shown its potential as a prevention strategy for hypotension after spinal anesthesia in the majority of our cases above.

Keywords: Hypotension, Spinal anesthesia, granisetron, 5-HT3, BJR.
The Effectiveness of Blood Loss Measuring Mattress in Maternity
Authors: Noftalina Elsa , Purnamasari Intan , Wulandari Firdha Kusuma
Published: October 2021

Background: Maternal mortality rate (MMR) is an important indicator that describes the health status and welfare of the people in a nation. WHO estimates MMR in the world every day is at 817 people. Maternal mortality is mostly caused by complications during pregnancy, childbirth, and postpartum where these complications are direct obstetric complications. Postpartum hemorrhage is the main cause of maternal death. Factors causing postpartum hemorrhage are uterine atony, retained placenta, laceration of the birth canal, and blood disorders. The delay in diagnosis and treatment of postpartum hemorrhage is mostly caused by the estimated volume of blood loss in labor that is too low and the lack of equipment or clinical skills to solve the problem. Errors in calculating the volume of bleeding lost during delivery are too late to recognize bleeding that can lead to death due to lack of skills to prevent and treat postpartum hemorrhage. Research objective to determine the effectiveness of the product (mattress) in measuring blood loss in maternity.
Research Method: The type of research used was experimental research, namely one shot case study. The study was conducted in two Independent Midwife Practices located in the city of Pontianak, West Kalimantan, Indonesia from May to September 2021. The subjects of the study were maternity mothers and birth attendant midwives with a consecutive sampling technique of 30 samples divided into 3 groups with 10 samples respectively of each product. The instrument used to collect data was a questionnaire with a Likert scale which was distributed to maternity mothers as direct users of the mattress and midwives who helped use the mattress. Statistical analysis used was one way ANOVA test.
Research results Based on the one way ANOVA test, it was found that the average assessment given by patients and midwives on the three mattress models had a significant difference with a p value of 0.000. In the Post Hoc Turkey HSD test, it was found that there was no difference in the mean of patient assessments between model 1 and model 2 with p value = 0.239. The case was different between model 1 and model 3 and model 2 and model 3, namely, there was a significant difference. Model 1 and model 3 have a p value = 0.009 with an average difference of 2,700 while model 2 and model 3 have a p value = 0.000 with an average difference of 4,100. In the Post Hoc Turkey HSD test, there was a significant difference in the average of the midwives' assessments on the three mattress models. Model 1 and model 2 have a p value = 0.000 with an average difference of 5,800, model 1 and model 3 have a p value = 0.000 with an average difference of 6,900, while model 2 and model 3 have a p value = 0.000 with an average difference of 12,700.

Keywords: [Maternity bleeding, Measuring mattress].
The Study of Land Conflict of Mining Activities in the Forest Areas in Morowali Regency
Authors: . Zulviany , . Isrun , . Golar
Published: October 2021

This research aims to describe the chronologies of land conflicts of mining activities in the forest (Borrow- to- Use Permit for Forest Area of PT. Mahligai Artha Sejahtera), identify the dominant factors that cause conflict, and provide an overview of conflict resolution efforts. This research was conducted by collecting information from the public, the permit holder, in this case, PT. Mahligai Artha Sejahtera and related parties. This research was a qualitative descriptive method in terms of subject and history study and facts of the field. The data of this research was collected from August to October 2020. Based on the decree of the Minister of Forestry and Plantation No. SK.757 / Kpts-II/ 1999 on September 23, about the designation map of Forest and Territorial Waters in Central Sulawesi Province, the land location of Buleleng communities was an area for other use but in 2013 (No. SK.635 / Menhut-II / 2013 on September 24, 2013) and 2014 (SK.869 / Menhut-II / 2014 on September 29, 2014) turned into Forest Areas. However, PT Mahligai Artha Sejahtera has an approval license, an environmental feasibility license, an Increase Exploration Mining Business to a Production Operation Mining Business License, and a borrow-to-use permit from the local Government and the Ministry of Environment and Forestry. The function change of the areas in Buleleng village has resulted in conflicts. It is necessary to resolve land disputes by revising the RTRWP/K and establishing forests.

Keywords: Conflict, the Function Change of Areas, Land Conflict, Mining Activities, Forest Areas.
Financial Analysis of Startups Company PT. Limatra Innovation of Subang Honey Pineapple Beverage
Authors: Harinugroho Wisnu , Indradewa Rhian , Rahmat Syah Tantri Yanuar
Published: October 2021

Background – Pineapple is one of the most popular types of fruit. In addition to delicious fruit, pineapple fruit also has a very high vitamin C content. With a high level of community mobility and practical reasons, many people turn to packaged fruit juice drinks. PT Limatra is a startups company engaged in the trading business that sells various packaged fruit juices, with the product name "NasNas", with the main ingredient being pineapple from the Subang area, West Java. The product is not only original pineapple juice but also has a variety of flavors. As a start-up company, investment considerations are needed, which are useful for making decisions in the short and long term, financial planning is one important aspect for business continuity.
Method – Using elements of financial planning, financial statement projections, investment feasibility analysis, and ratios for financial performance analysis.
Result – Investment analysis can assist management in making strategic decisions, both short term and long term.

Keywords: Investment, Fruit Juice Drink, Financial Analysis, Startups, Financial Modelling, Strategic Financial, Business Plan.
Freeing the Elephant-eating Boa: Theorizing Children in Philippine Social Science Research
Authors: Sayuno Cheeno Marlo del Mundo
Published: October 2021

Both the child character and the child audience contribute significantly to the body of research on childhood studies. How children think, learn, and behave have been researched in many studies on psychology and education. Meanwhile, the social sciences have also become a home for childhood studies due to the richness of content for children in broadcast and print, which is the focus of this literature review. The paper explores how children are theorized in social sciences in the Philippines. Through a survey of prominent journals such as Plaridel, Humanities Diliman, Social Science Diliman, and Kritika Kultura, this paper identifies the discursive roles that children play in research concerning their communicative styles, and text and media consumption. In addition, the paper also analyzes how children are represented in literature on childhood studies. This review encourages providing a more active role for children in research and literary works about and for them published in the social sciences, the arts, and the humanities. Children can have a wide and insightful imagination the way the Little Prince has. Children are not petty participants. Children matter. Children are powerful.
Fast Measurement of Lipid Content of Oleaginous Yeast Trichosporon dermatis Cultured in Lignocellulosic Hydrolysates Using Fluorescent Method
Authors: Cheng Zhao Cheng Zhao , Qing Song Yao Qing Song Yao , Can Wang Can Wang , Mu Tan Luo Mu Tan Luo , Chao Huang Chao Huang , Xue Fang Chen Xue Fang Chen , Lan Lan Tian Lan Lan Tian , Qian Lin Huang Qian Lin Huang , Lian Xiong Lian Xiong , Hai Long Li Hai Long Li , Xin De Chen Xin De Chen
Published: October 2021

To avoid complex procedures in measurement of lipid content of oleaginous yeast especially for that can accumulate microbial lipid in lignocellulosic hydrolysates, fluorescent method using Nile Red as fluorescent dye was applied to measure lipid content of oleaginous yeast Trichosporon dermatis. The fluorescent method was built by fitting of lipid content identified by both conventional gravimetric method and fluorescence intensity of oleaginous yeast. Within the range of lipid content measured, the fitting curves showed linear relationship with good correlation coefficient (R2=0.95), showing this method is suitable for measuring lipid content of T. dermatis in the simulated medium. To evaluate the applicability of this method for lipid fermentation using lignocellulosic acid hydrolysates as substrate, T. dermatis was cultured in corncob acid hydrolysate and rice straw acid hydrolysate and then its lipid content measured by both fluorescent method and gravimetric method were compared. The results showed that the lipid content measured by these two methods were close, therefore, this method was promising for the application in lipid fermentation in lignocellulosic acid hydrolysates.
Characterization of Synthesized SnO2 Nanoparticles and its Application for the Photo Catalytic Degradation of Eosin Y in Aqueous Solution
Authors: Fazal Akbar Jan Fazal Akbar Jan , Muhammad Aamir Muhammad Aamir , Naimat Ullah and Husaain Gulab Naimat Ullah and Husaain Gulab
Published: October 2021

The synthesized oxide (SnO2) nanoparticles by sol-gel method were characterized using UV-Visible spectroscopy (UV-Vis), Fourier Transform Infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-rays diffraction(XRD) and Scanning electron microscopy(SEM). Using X-rays diffraction analysis different parameter were calculated such as crystallite size, d-spacing, dislocation density, number of unit cell, cell volume, morphological index, micro strain and instrumental broadening. The average particle size was 28.396 nm. Scanning electron microscopy revealed that SnO2 nanopartcles are uniformly distributed. Optical properties such as band gap (energy gap = 3.6 eV) was calculated from UV-Visible spectroscopy. The characterized particles were used as photocatalyst for the degradation of Eosin dye in aqueous solution under UV light. The effect of different parameters i.e irradiation time, initial dye concentration, pH of the medium and catalyst weight on percent degradation was also studied. Mmaximum dye degradation was found at 220 minutes time interval that was 92 % using 10 ppm solution. At pH 5 the degradation of dye was found to be 94%. The catalyst dose of 0.06 g was found to be the optimum weight for the best photo catalytic degradation of Eosin Y.
DNA Interaction and Biological Activities of Heteroleptic Palladium (II) Complexes
Authors: Muhammad Anwar Saeed Muhammad Anwar Saeed , Hizbullah Khan Hizbullah Khan , Muhammad Sirajuddin Muhammad Sirajuddin , Syed Muhammad Salman Syed Muhammad Salman
Published: October 2021

The manuscript describes the binding of DNA as well as biological studies of some mixed ligand dithiocarbamate Palladium (II) complexes (1-5). The observed compounds are of general formulae [PdCl(DT)(PR3)]. The dithiocarbamate “DT” and “PR3” groups are varied among the studied complexes as DT = bis[(2-methoxyethyl) dithiocarbamate)] (1 and 2), dibutyl dithiocarbamate (4 and 5), bis[(2-ethyl) hexyl dithiocarbamate)] (3); PR3 = triphenyl phosphine (1), benzy diphenyl phosphine (2), diphenyl-tert-butyl phpsphine (3), diphenyl-p-tolyl phosphine (4) and diphenyl-2-methoxy phenyl phosphine (5). The synthesized complexes were screened for DNA binding study via (UV Visible spectrophotometry and Viscometery) and biological activities such as anti-bacterial and anti-fungal, Molinspiration calculations and antioxidant potencies stimulated by hydrogen peroxide in human blood lymphocytes. In case of drug DNA interaction, complexes showed some sort of interaction with DNA solution. Almost all the complexes exhibited moderate antifungal and antibacterial behavior (against Gram positive and negative bacterial strains). The Molinspiration calculation study revealed that the said Pd (II) mixed complexes are biologically significant drugs having adequate molecular properties regarding drug likeness, except the log P values of complexes 3-5 because some structural adjustments must be done for enhancement of their bioavailability and hydrophilic nature. Regarding the antioxidant potential of complexes 1, 2 and 4, the H2O2 treatment of complexes violently decreased the action of antioxidant enzymes, superoxide dismutase and catalase and enhanced the level of thiobarbituric acid-reacting substances. Under experimental conditions, we conclude that all complexes act as anti-mutagens as they significantly suppress H2O2-induced oxidative damage at non-genotoxic concentrations.
Influence of Industrial Processing on Physiochemical Characteristics of Soybean Oil and Deodorizer Distillates
Authors: Zahid Hussain Laghari Zahid Hussain Laghari , Sarfaraz Ahmed Mahesar Sarfaraz Ahmed Mahesar , Hamide Filiz Ayyildiz Hamide Filiz Ayyildiz , Huseyin Kara Mustafa Topkafa Huseyin Kara Mustafa Topkafa , Syed Tufail Hussain Sherazi and Abdul Hameed Kori Syed Tufail Hussain Sherazi and Abdul Hameed Kori
Published: October 2021

The present study aimed to evaluate the impact of industrial processing (neutralization/degumming, bleaching, and deodorization) on physicochemical characteristics of soybean oil and soybean oil deodorizer distillate (SBO-DD) collected from two different industries. The substantial impact of processing was observed on all physicochemical parameters except the iodine value (IV) and saponification value (SV). Gas chromatography-flame ionization detector (GC-FID) and Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analytical techniques were used for the quantification of individual fatty acids, sterols, and 3-monochloropropane diol (3-MCPD) ester. Among the fatty acids, palmitic and linoleic acids were present at higher concentrations in all processing stages. Among sterols, β-sitosterol was found to be higher (25.65 and#181;g/g) in crude soybean oil and reduced to 16.44 and#181;g/g after processing till the final deodorization stage. 3-MCPD ester was developed during the neutralization/degumming process and further increased during bleaching and deodorization up to 315 and#181;g/kg, respectively. SBO-DD was found to be a rich source of total and individual sterols as compared to crude or processed soybean oil. High free fatty acid (FFA) level in deodorizer distillate indicated that SBO-DD is a potential source of biodiesel production.
Synthesis, Characterization and TheoreticalStudies of Nand#39;-(4-methoxybenzylidene)benzenesulfonohydrazide
Authors: H G zin Aslan and L tfiye Aydin H G zin Aslan and L tfiye Aydin
Published: October 2021

Nand#39;-(4-methoxybenzylidene)benzenesulfonohydrazide was synthesized and elemental analysis was conducted; IR, Raman, 1H, and 13C NMR spectral data were recorded. The potential energy surfaces (PES) of the Nand#39;-(4-methoxybenzylidene)benzenesulfonohydrazide molecule were obtained by selected degree of torsional freedom, which varied from 0o to 360and#186; in 4and#186; increments. The conformers were optimized by using a (DFT/B3LYP/6-31G(d,p)) basis set in the gas phase. The eleven conformers in the gas phase of the obtained molecule were determined and the most stable conformer (conformer 1) was re-optimized by three different basis sets of 6-31G(d,p), 6-311G(d,p), and LanL2Dz.
HOMO-LUMO analyses were performed. NBO analysis was performed to describe the around of intramolecular charge transfer. The vibrational spectra were measured in solid phase IR and detailed analysis of the vibrational spectra of conformer 1 was done; all the bands of the spectra were interpreted by the use of the potential energy distributions (PED) and the molecular electrostatic potential (MEP) was plotted.
Highly Active and Selective PtSnM1/γ-Al2O3 Catalyst for Direct Propane Dehydrogenation
Authors: Arshid M Ali Arshid M Ali , Abdulrahim A Zahrani Abdulrahim A Zahrani , Muhammad A Daous Muhammad A Daous , Muhammad Umar Seetharamulu Podila and Lachezar A Petrov Muhammad Umar Seetharamulu Podila and Lachezar A Petrov
Published: October 2021

This study is aimed to understand the role of alkaline earth elements (AEE) to the catalytic performance of PtSnM1/γ-Al2O3catalystfor the direct propane dehydrogenation (where M1 = Mg, Ca, Sr, Ba). All the catalysts were prepared by using wet impregnation.The overall catalytic performance of all the catalysts was studied at different reaction temperatures, feed composition ratios and GHSV. The best operating reaction conditions were575and#186;C, feed composition ratio of C3H8:H2:N2 = 1.0:0.5:5.5 and GHSV of 3800h-1. An optimal addition of “Ca” to PtSn//γ-Al2O3 catalyst, enhanced the catalytic activity of PtSnM1/γ-Al2O3 catalyst in comparison to other studied AEE. This catalyst had shown the highest propane conversion (~ 55.8 %) with 95.7 % propylene selectivity and least coke formation (7.11 mg.g-1h-1). In general, the increased catalytic activity of PtSnM1/γ-Al2O3 is attributed to the reduced coking extent during the reaction. In addition, the enhanced thermal stability of the PtSnCa/γ-Al2O3catalystis because of the protective layer betweenγ-Al2O3 and active metal, which allows the formation of active species such as PtSn, PtCa2 and Pt2Al phases?
Zwitterion Chromatography-Hydrophilic Interaction Chromatography for Separation and Quantitative of Rutin and Quercetin from Herbs and Bee Products
Authors: Raad Radi Karabat Raad Radi Karabat , Ashraf Saad Rasheed and Mohammed Jasim M Hassan Ashraf Saad Rasheed and Mohammed Jasim M Hassan
Published: October 2021

Quercetin and rutin have a number of useful pharmacological consequences and a possible medication of the future. The growth of cancer cells was observed in vitro and the production of tumors in experimental animals was decreased. In addition to preventing human cancer induction and progression. A set of four HILIC stationary phases, two home-made columns with different space chains between the ionic site groups, and two commercially stationary phases HALOand#174;HILIC 2.7 and ZICand#174;–pHILIC for chromatographic separation and quantitation of quercetin and rutin in herbs and bee products. The separation mechanisms are based on hydrophobic and hydrophilic for the quercetin and rutin, respectively. The validated method was successfully applied in bee products and herbs. The results showed that the HILIC methods were simple and reliable and could be used in bee products and herbs to detect the content of quercetin and rutin.
Synthesis, Characterization and antioxidant activities of Semicarbazide and Thiosemicarbazide Derivatives
Authors: Abdul Manaf Abdul Manaf , Momin Khan Momin Khan , Khair Zaman Khair Zaman , Mahboob Ali Mahboob Ali , Faima Alam Faima Alam , Khalid Mohammed Khan and Basharat Ali Khalid Mohammed Khan and Basharat Ali
Published: October 2021

In this research work Semicarbazide, thiosemicarbazide derivatives 3 to 25 were synthesized by conventional methods with high percentage yield and reaction rate. 1H-NMR and EIMS spectroscopic techniques were used to elucidate the structure of the synthesized compounds. The effect of thiosemicarbazide and semicarbazide derivatives as an antioxidant agents were studied by DPPH free radical scavenging, ferric ion reducing, ferrous ion chelating assays. Higher DDPH radical scavenging activity exhibited by most of the compounds as compared to standard vitamin C. Excellent ferric ion reducing activity was indicated by compounds of theseriesas compared to standard vitamin C. However most of the compounds generally showed average ferrous ion chelating activity than standard EDTA.
Interaction of anti-diabetic medications and gut microbiota
Authors: Chen Ru , Pan Sheng
Published: October 2021

No abstract present.
A phase II clinical trial with repeated intrathecal injections of autologous mesenchymal stem cells in patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis
Authors: Petrou Panayiota , Kassis Ibrahim , Yaghmour Nour Eddine , Ginzberg Ariel , Karussis Dimitrios
Published: October 2021

Background: Mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) were shown to induce beneficial effects in animal models of neurodegeneration and in pilot human trials in multiple sclerosis and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). Aim: An open-label, clinical trial to evaluate the safety and efficacy of repeated intrathecal administrations of autologous-MSC in ALS-patients. Methods: The study included 20 subjects (age: 20–70) with definite diagnosis of ALS and Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis Functional Rating Scale Revised (ALSFRS-R) score of >20. The patients were treated with 1–4 intrathecal injections of MSC, at intervals of 3–6 months. The primary endpoints were safety and tolerability. Efficacy measurements including ALSFRS-R score and forced vital capacity (FVC), were assessed as secondary endpoints. Results: No serious adverse events were observed during the whole period of the trial. One patient withdrew from the study before the first injection. The monthly rate of progression in ALSFRS-R was ameliorated by more than 25% in 15/19 patients between the 1st and 2nd injection (mean improvement of 107.1%); in 11/12 between the 2nd and 3rd injection and in 8/10 between the 3rd and 4th injection. Overall, during the whole period till the last transplantation 13 patients had a >25% improvement in the slope of progression of ALSFRS-R (mean improvement of 47.4%, p < 0.0038, Wilcoxon rank signed test). 7 out of 19 patients actually improved clinically (range of increase in ALSFRS-R: +1 to +4 degrees) after the first transplantation and 5 remained improved after the second cycle. The response rate correlated with the time-intervals between the injections. Conclusion: The results of our study show that repeated intrathecal injections of autologous MSC was safe in patients with ALS and provide indications of medium-term clinical benefits that were related to the intervals between the administrations of the cells. Larger studies are needed to confirm these observations.
Characterization of multiscale logic operations in the neural circuits
Authors: Woo JunHyuk , Choi Kiri , Kim Soon Ho , Han Kyungreem , Choi MooYoung
Published: October 2021

Background: Ever since the seminal work by McCulloch and Pitts, the theory of neural computation and its philosophical foundation known as ‘computationalism’ have been central to brain-inspired artificial intelligence (AI) technologies. The present study describes neural dynamics and neural coding approaches to understand the mechanisms of neural computation. The primary focus is to characterize the multiscale nature of logic computations in the brain, which might occur at a single neuron level, between neighboring neurons via synaptic transmission, and at the neural circuit level. Results: For this, we begin the analysis with simple neuron models to account for basic Boolean logic operations at a single neuron level and then move on to the phenomenological neuron models to explain the neural computation from the viewpoints of neural dynamics and neural coding. The roles of synaptic transmission in neural computation are investigated using biologically realistic multi-compartment neuron models: two representative computational entities, CA1 pyramidal neuron in the hippocampus and Purkinje fiber in the cerebellum, are analyzed in the information-theoretic framework. We then construct two-dimensional mutual information maps, which demonstrate that the synaptic transmission can process not only basic AND/OR Boolean logic operations but also the linearly non-separable XOR function. Finally, we provide an overview of the evolutionary algorithm and discuss its benefits in automated neural circuit design for logic operations. Conclusions: This study provides a comprehensive perspective on the multiscale logic operations in the brain from both neural dynamics and neural coding viewpoints. It should thus be beneficial for understanding computational principles of the brain and may help design biologically plausible neuron models for AI devices.
The biological effect of cobalt chloride mimetic-hypoxia on nucleus pulposus cells and the comparability with physical hypoxia in vitro
Authors: Gao Xiao-Xin , Liu Chen-Hao , Hu Zhi-Lei , Li Hai-Yin , Chang Xian , Li Yue-Yang , Zhang Yu-Yao , Zhai Yu , Li Chang-Qing
Published: October 2021

Objective: Nucleus pulposus cells (NPCs) are cells extracted from the intervertebral disc and are important for research into intervertebral disc degeneration (IVDD). NPCs live in an avascular and relatively hypoxic environment. Cobalt chloride (CoCl2) has been used in many cell studies to mimic hypoxia. The objective of this study was to explore the possibility of using CoCl2 to induce mimetic-hypoxia for NPCs and the comparison with hypoxia (1% O2) in vitro. Materials and methods: Rat nucleus pulposus cells of Passage 3–5 were used in this research. Cell viability, rate of cell apoptosis, ROS (reactive oxygen species) generation, cell migration, extracellular pH and extracellular matrix metabolism were determined to compare the influence of hypoxia (1% O2) and CoCl2 on NPCs. Results: We found that the effects of CoCl2 on NPCs was dose-dependent. At the proper concentration, CoCl2 could be used to elicit chemical hypoxia for nucleus pulposus cells in vitro and many biological effects, analogous to physical hypoxia (1% O2), could be achieved such as enhanced cell viability, decreased apoptosis and activated extracellular matrix metabolism. On the other hand, CoCl2 mimetic-hypoxia did not affect NPCs glycolysis and migration compared to physical hypoxia. In addition, high concentration of CoCl2 (>200 μM) is harmful to NPCs with high rates of apoptosis and ECM (extracellular matrix) degradation. Conclusions: It is feasible and convenient to use CoCl2 to induce chemical mimetic hypoxia for culturing NPCs on the premise of appropriate concentration. But in aspects of cell migration and glycolysis, CoCl2 could not achieve similar results with physical hypoxia. This study may provide a convenient method and enlightenment to induce mimetic-hypoxia for researchers studying NPCs and IVVD.
Sarcopenia and perioperative management of elderly surgical patients
Authors: Shi Yan , Zhou Ling , Yan Enshi , Yang Ling , Yang Chun , Liu Cunming
Published: October 2021

Sarcopenia is the age-related loss of skeletal muscle mass, accompanied by reduced muscle strength or physical function. As the global population continues to age, the prevalence of sarcopenia is gradually increasing. It is conceivable that an increasing number of patients with sarcopenia will be scheduled for surgery and anesthesia in the near future. The complex pathogenesis and clinical features of sarcopenia have brought huge challenges to perioperative management, especially in clinical anesthesia. However, there are currently neither guidelines nor expert consensus on the perioperative management of patients with sarcopenia. In this review, we summarize and elaborate on the pathogenesis, diagnosis, and perioperative precautions of sarcopenia, thereby providing information on the perioperative and anesthestic management of patients with sarcopenia.
TAX POLICY WITHOUT CONSULTATION: IS NEW ZEALAND ON A ‘SLIPPERY SLOPE’?
Authors: Sawyer Adrian
Published: October 2021

This paper analyses recent developments in New Zealand’s tax policy development framework.  Specifically, it contributes to the literature in several ways.  First, it adds to the exploration of the tax policy process in New Zealand via the generic tax policy process (GTPP), especially the instances where the GTPP is not being utilised as originally intended.  The paper also seeks to analysis this development in the context of the slippery slope framework (SSF), through extending the model to embrace the power and trust balance as between the government and taxpayers/practitioners in the context of tax policy development.  With the ongoing status of the GTPP in doubt at the time of writing the conclusions drawn remain tentative.

[**Paper here**](https://web.tresorit.com/l/pkl67#UGNkH2IiaMxjA_gfh6wW6Q)