bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Ideas have Consequences: Eine vergleichende Analyse zur transformativen Rolle von Ideen
Authors: Grimm Christan
Published: January 2020

In diesem Beitrag wird die gesellschaftlich formende Rolle von Ideen am Beispiel von Friedrich August Hayeks Hegemonieansatz zur Durchsetzung einer neoliberal geprägten Weltanschauung thematisiert. In diesem Zusammenhang soll aufgezeigt werden, dass Hayek nicht der Einzige war, der sich diesem Thema zuwandte und an die Macht der Ideen glaubte. Dies rückt die Frage nach verwandten theoretischen Ansätzen ins Zentrum des Interesses. Konkret werden mit Ludwig Mises, John M. Keynes, Walter Lippmann und Antonio Gramsci vier Autoren aufgegriffen, deren Gedanken zur transformativen Rolle von Ideen hinsichtlich des Überschneidungsgrads mit dem Hayekschen Denken überprüft werden. Im Ergebnis wird ersichtlich, dass die genannten Autoren der Macht der Ideen einen hohen Stellenwert beimessen. So entwickelten diese Personen sehr ähnliche Theorien intellektueller Vorherrschaft, obgleich sie zum Teil sehr unterschiedlichen politischen Spektren entstammen.
АУТСОРСИНГ В ДІЯЛЬНОСТІ ГОТЕЛЬНИХ ПІДПРИЄМСТВ
Authors: Mendela I.Ya.
Published: January 2020

В статті проаналізовано особливості аутсорсингу в готельному бізнесі. Аутсорсинг передбачає наявність бізнес-процесів, які передаються на базі контракту тривалого періоду іншій організації, що спрощує будь-яку сферу діяльності, яка не є основною для готелю. Але, природно, передача певних функцій на аутсорсинг передбачає і наявність деяких ризиків для готельного підприємства. Найчастіше на аутсорсинг в готелі передаються послуги з клінінгу. Проте можливим є ведення бухгалтерського обліку, організація харчування співробітників, навчання молодих співробітників, автотранспортні послуги тощо.Конкуренція на відкритому ринку, де визначальну роль відіграють вже не тільки співвідношення ціни і якості готельних послуг, а й можливості найкращого задоволення потреб гостей, що скорочує час виходу на ринок нових додаткових послуг, володіння інтелектуальною власністю та інші переваги готелю, змушує менеджерів використовувати нові концепції управління, які охоплюють такі поняття, як інфра- та інтраменеджмент. На сьогодні господарювання вітчизняних підприємств готельного господарства характеризується нестійкими тенденціями розвитку, що обумовлюється сезонними коливаннями попиту і неможливістю створення запасів специфічного продукту – готельної послуги, тому необхідний ефективний менеджмент готелю.В процесі управління готелем при використанні інтра- чи інфраменеджменту аутсорсинг можна розділити на два типи – інтелектуальний (ІТ-аутсорсинг, управління знаннями, менеджмент персоналом, юридичний супровід) та виробничий (передача організації-партнеру повного циклу виробництва певного продукту або його частини). Аутсорсинг сфери послуг повʼязаний з підвищенням вимог до рівня компетентності менеджерів і повсюдним використанням сучасних інформаційних технологій. Аутсорсинг спрощує діяльність готелю в цілому. Успіх менеджменту готелю полягає в постійному вдосконаленні, гнучкості та адаптивності, підприємницької ініціативи і компетенції.
SWOT АНАЛІЗ В ЗАБЕЗПЕЧЕННІ ЕКОНОМІЧНОЇ БЕЗПЕКИ АГРАРНОГО ПІДПРИЄМСТВА
Authors: Bondarchuk N.V.
Published: January 2020

Стаття спрямована на дослідження технології проведення SWOT-аналізу на аграрному підприємстві з метою забезпечення його економічної безпеки. За умов загострення конкурентної боротьби, порушення фінансової стабільності, невизначеності на ринку особливого значення набуває SWOT-аналіз, який є інструментом стратегічного управління. Метою статті є дослідження та виявлення внутрішніх і зовнішніх сторін економічної безпеки аграрного підприємства на основі SWOT-аналізу для забезпечення його ефективного управління. В ході дослідження використано загальнонаукові методи, системний та комплексний аналіз.В статті констатовано, що оцінка рівня економічної безпеки аграрного підприємства формується в розрізі таких основних функціональних складових, як: фінансова, інноваційна, кадрова, техніко-технологічна. Кожна із цих складових оцінюється за системою якісних та кількісних складових, що включають в себе інтегральну оцінку рівня економічної безпеки з вивченням їх важливих показників.Запропоновано алгоритм проведення SWOT-аналізу для аграрного підприємства, який складається з етапів: 1) визначення важливих факторів, які впливають на діяльність підприємства; 2) виявлення загроз та можливостей підприємства, які встановлюються за пріоритетом, необхідності концентрації зусиль та відповідного моніторингу; 3) групування можливостей та загроз за певним взаємозв’язком; 4) будова комплексної матриці та формулювання стратегії.Встановлено, що застосування даного інструменту стратегічного управління, дозволяє своєчасне виявити поряд із сильними сторонами та можливостями підприємства існуючі загрози та слабкі сторони, побудувати ефективну стратегію діяльності і за рахунок сильних сторін та можливостей підприємства втримати свою частку на ринку, покращити фінансовий стан, досягти переваги перед конкурентами, збільшити обсяги виробництва продукції.
КОНЦЕПТУАЛЬНІ АСПЕКТИ БІЗНЕС-АНАЛІТИКИ ЯК ОСНОВИ ФІНАНСОВОЇ СТІЙКОСТІ БАНКІВ
Authors: Pylypiv N.I. , Piatnychuk I.D. , Boryshkevych I.I.
Published: January 2020

У статі досліджено концептуальні основи аналітики у банківській сфері, що сприяє зміцненню фінансової стійкості установ у сучасному мінливому та динамічному бізнес-середовищі. Здійснено оцінку вітчизняного банківського сектору. Виявлено, що у 2018 р. політична ситуація в країні не мала значного впливу на роботу банківського сектору: депозити населення та бізнесу не знизилися, банки залишаються ліквідними та безперебійно здійснюють усі платежі. Це свідчить про відновлення довіри клієнтів до банківської системи.Визначено переваги використання банками аналітики у процесі здійснення своєї діяльності. Виявлено п'ять областей, в яких банки можуть підвищити прибутковість та зміцнити свою фінансову стійкість за умов використання бізнес-аналітики. Встановлено, що аналіз фокусується на розумінні того, що сталося, в той час як бізнес-аналітика концентрується на тому, чому це сталося, а також на тому, що буде далі. Бізнес-аналітика розпізнає закономірності в даних і на основі цих даних допомагає прогнозувати майбутнє.Вивчено зарубіжну літературу щодо трактування терміну “аналітика”. За результатами проведеного дослідження сформовано авторське бачення термінів “аналітика” та “бізнес-аналітика”, що дасть змогу застосувати емпіричний підхід у проведенні наступних наукових досліджень з метою вирішення окресленої проблематики.Досліджено, що в Україні в банківській та інших сферах вже існують вакансії аналітика (бізнес-аналітика), до якого ставляться наступні вимоги: навики роботи з програмним забезпеченням; вміння застосовувати аналіз, моделювання та здійснювати налаштування бізнес-процесів, опис і тестування бізнес-процесів; розгляд звернень користувачів та надання консультацій, формування звітів/претензій на періодичній основі або за запитом, і звичайно володіння англійською мовою.
АНАЛІЗ ПОТОКІВ ВНУТРІШНЬОГО ТУРИЗМУ В ІВАНО-ФРАНКІВСЬКІЙ ОБЛАСТІ У 2018 Р. ЗА ДАНИМИ МОБІЛЬНОГО ЗВ’ЯЗКУ. ЧАСТИНА 1
Authors: Perederko V.P.
Published: January 2020

Офіційна статистика не може відображати повноцінну і реальну картину внутрішніх туристичних потоків Івано-Франківської області через недосконалість методологіїрозрахунку. Мета статті – дати приблизну оцінку внутрішніх туристичних потоків на основі аналізу даних, що демонструють переміщення абонентів мобільного зв’язку.Моніторинг мобільності не є панацеєю, адже обмежений, насамперед, тим, що не містить інформації про мету короткочасного перебування абонентів на певній території, тому ми не можемо всіх їх без винятку зараховувати до екскурсантів чи туристів. Однак, застосування інноваційного підходу до аналізу внутрішніх туристичних потоків та кількісного вимірювання відвідуваності регіону на основі моніторингу міжрегіональної мобільності абонентів зв'язку є перспективним напрямком подальших досліджень.У статті проаналізовано короткотермінові міжрегіональні переміщення (міграції) населення України у контексті вивчення внутрішніх туристських потоків Прикарпаття у розрізі адміністративно-територіальних одиниць (локальних дестинацій) Івано-Франківської області на основі моніторингу міжрегіональної мобільності абонентів оператора зв’язку. Визначено популярні локальні дестинації регіону та географію їх відвідувачів, які можуть розглядатись як цільові аудиторії дійсних та потенційних екскурсантів і туристів. Досліджено сезонність переміщень (міграцій), тривалість перебування у локальних дестинаціях-лідерах потоків, що дало можливість виявити закономірності мобільності, ознаки транзитності руху та ін
The attitude towards the people of other nations through the prism of the attitude to yourself
Authors: Konyukh Olha
Published: January 2020

The article presents the results of theoretical analysis and empirical investigation of the relationship between self-attitude and attitude towards other people, including representatives of other nationalities. Self-attitude is viwed as a stable, emotionally charged of your own self. The interdependance of self-attitude indicators with the features of ethnic tolerance and the character of other individuals' attitude in complicated situations has been researched. Individuals with different self-image are shown to perceive their opponents just as they perceive their own personality. Perception and emotional attitude both to their own ethnic group and other ethnicities is closely related to the attitude of the individual to himself, and common factors in predisposition to criticism and condescension towards themselves and others.
Evaluation of technological traits of Bulgarian and imported merino wool batches
Authors: Pamukova D.
Published: January 2020

Аbstract. The aim of the present study was to perform a comparative evaluation of technological traits of industrial batches of Bulgarian and imported semifine wool. The study was carried out in an industrial setting in cooperation with Kolhida Ltd, Sliven. A total of 18 batches originating from Bulgaria (n=10), Serbia (n=6) and the Netherlands (n=2) among which 4 batches of greasy wool, 7 batches of clean wool and 7 batches of wool sliver were studied. The primary processing of wool batches comprising classification, washing and carding was performed by textile enterprise’s standard technology. After the classification, the relative shares of wool types from the total amount of greasy wool in a batch were determined. The washing yield of classified greasy medium wool was calculated. The following laboratory analyses of clean wool were carried out: fibre diameter (μm), mean weighted length (mm), short fibre percentage (%), fatness (%), mineral matter content (dustiness %), vegetable matter content (%) and moisture (%). For slivers, sliver yield (%), fibre diameter (measured with OFDI), mean weighted length (mm), length В (mm), short fibre percentage (%) and moisture (%) were determined. In Bulgarian and Serbian batches, high-grade wool types predominated with highest share of the merino worsted wool (70.54% and 63.70%; 60.66% and 46.64%, respectively). The highest industrial washing yield was that of Dutch wool – 63.89%. Yields of Serbian and Bulgarian batches were similar (53.73%-56.39% and 53.20%-55.89%, respectively). The highest mean weighted length of fibres was determined for Dutch wool – 74.87 mm. Serbian and Bulgarian batches were comparable with respect to this trait: 63.95-65.71 mm and 62.92-65.88 mm respectively. The vegetable matter in studied wool batches was higher than requirements of the standard – from 1.29% tо 2.24% vs the reference of 1.2%. The highest vegetable matter content was found in the wool from two Bulgarian batches (1.65% and 2.24%), one Serbian (1.82%), and the Dutch batch (1.92%). Sliver yield varied from 81.31% tо 86.91% in studied wool slivers. The highest values of this trait were found out in 3 Bulgarian wool slivers (86.91%; 85.79% and 84.48%) and the Dutch sliver (84.13%).
Montessori Junior High School Students’ Perceptions on Their Self-Efficacy in Reading
Authors: Setiawan Niko Albert , Ena Ouda Teda
Published: January 2020

Montessori approach deals with learning in independence and liberty. This way of learning requires students to explore information based on their learning interest. Therefore, reading has become one of the keys in learning successfully in a Montessori school. Moreover, the impact of self-efficacy on the learning outcomes has been explored in the educational psychology as a field of study. This study inspects students’ self-efficacy perceptions and their factors in reading comprehension in a Montessori Junior High School registered in 2018-2019 academic year. It is located in Yogyakarta, Indonesia. English is the main language used in the teaching-learning process in the school. The study is conducted by using mixed method. Findings are based on the 27 close-ended questions and three open-ended questions obtained from the students in grade seven and eight. In analyzing the results, concurrent triangulation strategy is applied. The results show that the students have positive self-efficacy perceptions on their reading (Average= 3.449/5), especially in reading, explaining, summarizing texts and comprehending the graphics found in the text without the guidance of their teachers. Their self-efficacy sources are found in their mastery experiences, vicarious experiences, verbal persuasion, and emotional and psychological states.
Methods of AI for Multimodal Sensing and Action for Complex Situations
Authors: Blasch Erik , Cruise Robert , Aved Alexander , Majumder Uttam , Rovito Todd
Published: January 2020

Artificial intelligence (AI) seeks to emulate human reasoning, but is still far from achieving such results for actionable sensing in complex situations. Instead of emulating human situation understanding, machines can amplify intelligence by accessing large amounts of data, filtering unimportant information, computing relevant context, and prioritizing results (for example, answers to human queries) to provide human‐machine shared context. Intelligence support can come from many contextual sources that augment data reasoning through physical, environmental, and social knowledge. We propose a decisions‐to‐data multimodal sensor and action through contextual agents (human or machine) that seek, combine, and make sense of relevant data. Decisions‐to‐data combines AI computational capabilities with human reasoning to manage data collections, perform data fusion, and assess complex situations (that is, context reasoning). Five areas of AI developments for context‐based AI that cover decisions‐to‐data include: (1) situation modeling (data at rest), (2) measurement control (data in motion), (3) statistical algorithms (data in collect), (4) software computing (data in transit), and (5) human‐machine AI (data in use). A decisions‐to‐data example is presented of a command‐guided swarm requiring contextual data analysis, systems‐level design, and user interaction for effective and efficient multimodal sensing and action.
Influence of geosynthetic reinforcement on maximum settlements of semi-rigid pavements
Authors: Kazimierowicz-Frankowska K.
Published: January 2020

The aim of this paper was to improve the understanding of the influence exerted by geosynthetic reinforcement on stress and strain states in typical semi-rigid pavement structures subjected to traffic loading. A comparison of traffic-load-induced settlements of pavements with and without reinforcement is presented. The pavement-subgrade structure was modelled as a two-dimensional three-layer system using the finite element method. The behaviour of such structures was analysed in terms of ground compaction. A model of soil compaction was used to predict pavement deformation under repeated traffic loading. A series of numerical simulations were conducted to investigate the settlements of pavements with and without reflective cracks. It was assumed that reflective cracks propagate from the base layer to the pavement surface. The main attention was focused on the positive effect of the inclusion of reinforcement in pavements on the behaviour of such structures under traffic loading. The influence of such factors as subgrade properties, the magnitude of traffic loading and the presence of cracks in the pavement structure on stress and strain states was investigated. It was confirmed that placing a geosynthetic reinforcement layer inside the bituminous layer leads to a significant reduction in pavement settlements.
Evaluation of institutional grounding for Russian investments to basic industries of Nepal
Authors: Mishra Sh. , Zobov A. M. , Fedorenko E. A.
Published: January 2020

This article is developed to understand the Russian investment in Nepal. Since these days due to the western section it is necessary for Russia to expand its economic relations to others continent and Asia is a best part to expand its investment. As there are some countries already tie with Russia in economic connection from South Asia like India, Pakistan but with Nepal and Russia had more on diplomatic relation. Thus it is very good choice to look and increase for economic relation for Russia with Nepal. The author has highlighted institution determinant of Foreign Direct Investments (FDI) to attract investment in Nepal because these days the political stability has become better in Nepal. The author also found the industries to invest in Nepal for Russia however there are some investment existed already by Russia. The author has recommended to the investors to invest in some specific industries without any hesitation as Nepal is facilitation for investment attraction and also its institution condition is becoming better.
Analysis of risk factors behind keloid
Authors: Manoharan Anbumalar , Rao Sowmya Manasa
Published: January 2020

Background: Keloids are firm, thickened, bosselated tumors with fibrous tissue which expands beyond the original injury with common sites being presternum, shoulder, ear lobes. They are more common in Blacks and Hispanics than Caucasians. As there is paucity of studies from South India, this study is done to identify the epidemiological features and analyse the risk factors involved in keloid formation and compare it with previous studies.

Methods: 60 subjects were included in the study. Keloid was diagnosed clinically and factors such as the age at presentation, gender, site, size, duration, number and predisposing factors to keloid formation were assessed among them for a period of 18 months.

Results: Most of the patients were in the age group of 20-40 years and maximum were females. Majority of patients around 51.67% were affected in chest followed by shoulder (20%). In our study 61.67% patients had keloids of size ≤5 cm and 23 (38.33%) patients had size >5 cm. Most of the patients (41.67%) had keloids of <2 years duration. Maximum number of the patients (68%) had single keloid. 50% of the patients had keloids which occurred after trauma followed by acne (15%), surgery (10%) and herpes zoster (10%), burns (5%). 10% of the patients had spontaneous onset of keloids.

Conclusions: The epidemiological features found in this study were similar to the studies conducted in the different parts of the world. Elimination of exacerbating factors will prevent further keloid formation thereby playing a crucial role in the management.

 
Human fibroblasts in culture metabolize differently exogenous G(M3) ganglioside species containing C18 and C20 sphingosine.
Authors: Chigorno V , Valsecchi M , Sonnino S
Published: January 2020

Preparation of radioactive GM3 species containing isotopically labeled C18 sphingosine or C20 sphingosine is reported and their use for studying some aspects of the sphingolipid biosynthesis in cells is discussed. Human fibroblasts in culture that have only C18 sphingolipids and GM3 as the major gangliosides, were fed with the two radioactive GM3 species. The radioactive gangliosides were taken up by the cells and metabolized. The analyses of the radioactivity metabolic fate, in this model provides the following information. i--About 70-80% of the total catabolic sphingosine is re-cycled for biosynthesis of complex sphingolipids. ii--A small amount of the catabolic C20 sphingosine was re-cycled for biosynthesis of C20 sphingolipids, thus yielding complex lipids that are not naturally present in fibroblast cells. iii--A regulatory step in the biosynthesis of sphingolipid species differring long chain base content, C18 or C20 sphingosine, is in some way involved in the first steps of sphingolipid biosynthesis, and thus plays a decisive role in the availability of the long chain bases.
In comparison to progenitor platelets, microparticles are deficient in GpIb, GpIb-derived carbohydrates, glycerophospholipids, glycosphingolipids, and ceramides.
Authors: Zdebska E , Woźniak J , Dzieciatkowska A , Kościelak J
Published: January 2020

Activated blood platelets shed microparticles with procoagulant activity that probably participate in normal hemostasis. We have isolated spontaneously formed microparticles from human blood and analysed them for ultrastructure, antigenic profile, and biochemical composition. In transmission electron microscopy microparticles appeared as regular vesicles with a mean diameter of 300 nm (50-600 nm). In flow cytometry almost all microparticles reacted with fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC) labeled antibody to platelet glycoprotein complex IIb-IIIa (GpIIb-IIIa) and with FITC-annexin V but only 40-50% of microparticles reacted with FITC-antibody to platelet glycoprotein Ib (GpIb). The latter result was confirmed by double labeling of microparticles with FITC-antibody to GpIIb-IIIa and phycoerythrin (PE) labeled antibody to GpIb. Large microparticles reacted better with anti-GpIb than the small ones. A decreased level of GpIb was also demonstrated by SDS/polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis of microparticles. Compositional studies indicated, that in terms of cholesterol and protein contents, microparticles resembled platelets rather than platelet membranes as previously thought. They are, however, deficient in certain components. Thus, in comparison to platelets, microparticles had reduced contents of sialic acid (by 56.4%), galactosamine (by 48.2%), glucosamine (by 22.4%), galactose by (11.8%) and fucose (by 21.6%). Mannose content was increased by 11.8%. Total phospholipids in microplatelets were lower by 17.8%. Glycerophospholipids only were affected with phosphatidylserine being decreased as much as by 43.2%. Neutral glycosphingolipids, gangliosides and ceramides in microparticles were reduced by half.
Epitope dissection of receptor-active gangliosides with affinity for Helicobacter pylori and influenza virus.
Authors: Miller-Podraza H , Larsson T , Nilsson J , Teneberg S , Matrosovich M , Johansson L
Published: January 2020

Receptor-active gangliosides with affinity for Helicobacter pylori and influenza virus were chemically modified and analyzed by negative ion fast atom bombardment mass spectrometry (FAB MS) or electron ionization mass spectrometry (EI MS) after permethylation. Derivatizations included mild periodate oxidation of the sialic acid glycerol tail or conversion of the carboxyl group to primary alcohol or amides. The modified gangliosides were then tested for binding affinity using thin-layer plates overlaid with labeled microbes or microbe-derived proteins. Mild periodate oxidation, which shortens sialic acid tail without destruction of sugar cores, abolished or drastically reduced binding of H. pylori and avian influenza virus to sialyl-3-paragloboside (S-3-PG). The same effect was observed in the case of binding of the human influenza virus to receptor-active gangliosides of human leukocytes. Conversion of S-3-PG or leukocyte gangliosides to primary alcohols or amides also abolished the binding. However, mild periodate oxidation had no effect on binding of NAP (neutrophil-activating protein of H. pylori) to the active ganglioside.
DNA topoisomerases as repair enzymes: mechanism(s) of action and regulation by p53.
Authors: Larsen A K , Gobert C , Gilbert C , Markovits J , Bojanowski K , Skladanowski A
Published: January 2020

DNA topoisomerases regulate the organization of DNA and are important targets for many clinically used antineoplastic agents. In addition, DNA topoisomerases modulate the cellular sensitivity toward a number of DNA damaging agents. Increased topoisomerase II activities were shown to contribute to the resistance of both nitrogen mustard- and cisplatin-resistant cells. Similarly, cells with decreased topoisomerase II levels show increased sensitivity to cisplatin, carmustine, mitomycin C and nitrogen mustard. Recent studies propose that topoisomerases may be involved in damage recognition and DNA repair at several different levels including: 1) the initial recognition of DNA lesions; 2) DNA recombination; and 3) regulation of DNA structure. The stress-activated oncogene suppressor protein p53 can modulate the activity of at least three different human topoisomerases, either directly by molecular associations or by transcriptional regulation. Since DNA topoisomerases have considerable recombinase activities, inappropriately activated topoisomerases in tumor cells lacking functional p53 may contribute to the genetic instability of these cells.
The geometry of intercalation complex of antitumor mitoxantrone and ametantrone with DNA: molecular dynamics simulations.
Authors: Mazerski J , Martelli S , Borowski E
Published: January 2020

Intercalative binding of the antitumor drugs ametantrone and mitoxantrone to the dodecamer duplex d(CGCGAGCTCGCG)2 was studied by applying molecular dynamics in water with the GROMOS 87 force field. A number of reasonable binding orientations were tested by short pre-simulations. It was shown that in energetically favourable orientation the anthraquinone chromophore is perpendicular to the direction of inter-base hydrogen bonds. Helically shaped side-chains of the drugs fit to the minor groove. The best orientation obtained in pre-simulations was applied in the main simulations. Small but significant differences were found between structures of intercalation complexes of the two drugs with the dodecamer duplex, the mitoxantrone complex possessing more favourable energy. The molecular nature of interactions responsible for those differences has been discussed.
Synthesis and interaction with thymidylate synthase of 5'-dithiophosphate and 5'-fluorothiophosphate of thymidine.
Authors: Gołos B , Misiura K , Olesiak M , Okruszek A , Stec W J , Rode W
Published: January 2020

Thymidine-5'-fluorothiophosphate, dTMP(S)-F, was synthesized by the oxathiaphospholane, and thymidine 5'-dithiophosphate, dTMPS2, by the dithiaphospholane, method. To estimate the role of 5'-phosphate group ionization in binding of pyrimidine nucleotides by thymidylate synthase, dTMP(S)-F was studied as an inhibitor of mouse tumour (L1210) enzyme, and its inhibitory properties were compared with those of dTMPS2, a close dTMP analogue. While dTMPS2 proved to be an inhibitor, competitive vs dUMP, with K(i)app = 94 microM, the 5'-fluorothiophosphate congener displayed no activity, indicating that the enzyme requires for binding the presence of a dianionic 5'-phosphate group in a nucleotide.
Unusual nucleoside triphosphate donors for nucleoside kinases: 3'-deoxyadenosine-2'-triphosphate and 2'-deoxyadenosine-3'-triphosphate.
Authors: Krawiec K , Kierdaszuk B , Kalinichenko E N , Mikhailopulo I A , Shugar D
Published: January 2020

Two non-conventional analogues of ATP, 3'-deoxyadenosine-2'-triphosphate (3'-d-2'-ATP) and 2'-deoxyadenosine-3'-triphosphate (2'-d-3'-ATP), the syntheses of which are described, were examined as potential phosphate donors for the nucleoside kinases: 2'-deoxycytidine kinase (dCK), cytosolic thymidine kinase (TK1) and mitochondrial thymidine kinase (TK2). The reactions were monitored by means of a mixture of [gamma-32P]ATP and cold analogue, and/or with the use of 3H-labelled acceptors and cold donor. With dCK, using equimolar mixtures of ATP with each analogue, and dC as acceptor, phosphate transfer from 3'-d-2'-ATP and 2'-d-3'-ATP amounted to 34% and 14%, respectively. With each analogue used alone (each at concentration of 100 microM), phosphate transfer from 3'-d-2'-ATP was 55% that from ATP, and from 2'-d-3'-ATP 16%. With human TK2, and equimolar mixtures of [gamma-32P]ATP with each of the analogues, and 1 microM dT as acceptor, there was no detectable transfer from either analogue. But, when each analogue was used alone, phosphate transfer attained 11% and 5%, respectively, that for ATP alone. With the low affinity form of human TK1, and dT as acceptor, only low phosphate transfer occurred with either analogue used alone. Both compounds exhibited Michaelis-Menten kinetics (with significantly lower Vmax than ATP), while ATP exhibited cooperative kinetics with all three kinases.
Structural insights into the regulation of SOS mutagenesis.
Authors: Gonzalez M , Frank E G , McDonald J P , Levine A S , Woodgate R
Published: January 2020

The Escherichia coli Umu proteins are best characterized by their role in damage inducible mutagenesis. Recently, we discovered that the intracellular levels of the UmuD and UmuC proteins are kept to a minimum by the Lon serine protease. Studies with the Salmonella typhimurium UmuD protein (which is 73% homologous with its E. coli counterpart) revealed that it too is degraded by Lon, suggesting that both UmuD proteins share conserved structural motifs. In contrast, E. coli UmuD' is removed from the cell by the ClpXP serine protease, but only when it is in a heterodimer complex with UmuD. We have generated deletion mutants of UmuD' and have coexpressed the mutant proteins with UmuD1 (a non-cleavable UmuD protein). By assaying the sensitivity of the mutant UmuD'-UmuD1 complex to ClpXP, we have been able to map regions of UmuD' that appear essential for efficient UmuD'-UmuD heterodimer formation. Previous experiments have suggested that the in vivo posttranslational processing of UmuD to UmuD' is inefficient. We have, however, discovered that limited cleavage occurs in an undamaged cell, but that these small amounts of UmuD' are rapidly degraded by ClpXP, thus giving rise to the appearance of inefficient cleavage. The ClpXP protease therefore plays dual roles in regulating SOS mutagenesis: it keeps the basal levels of UmuD' to a minimum in undamaged cells but it also acts in damaged cells to reduce the elevated levels of mutagenically active UmuD' protein, thereby returning the cell to a resting non-mutable state.
A method for isolation of plasmid DNA replication intermediates from unsynchronized bacterial cultures for electron microscopy analysis.
Authors: Srutkowska S , Konopa G , Wegrzyn G
Published: January 2020

Electron microscopy is a powerful technique for analysis of DNA replication intermediates. However, isolation of replicating DNA molecules from living cells is tricky and difficult, especially in the case of small DNA molecules (such as bacterial plasmids) whose initiation of replication is not easily synchronized. Here a relatively simple and rapid method for efficient isolation of replicating plasmid molecules from unsynchronized Escherichia coli cultures is described. The efficiency of this procedure is high enough for electron microscopy analysis of plasmid replication intermediates appearing in living cells in normal growth conditions. Under optimal conditions, using standard procedures of isolation of plasmid DNA, it is possible to achieve a content of only as few as 0.02 percent of replication intermediates in a plasmid DNA sample. The described method allowed us to enrich up to 100-fold the fraction of replication intermediates suitable for microscopic analysis among all plasmid molecules.
Synthesis, biochemical and biological studies on oligonucleotides bearing a lipophilic dimethoxytrityl group.
Authors: Misiura K , Wójcik M , Krakowiak A , Koziołkiewicz M , Pawłowska Z , Pluskota E , Cierniewski C S , Stec W J
Published: January 2020

Dimethoxytritylphosphono-oligonucleotide conjugates have been prepared. They are totally resistant to nucleases present in human serum and do not affect cleavage of a complementary oligoribonucleotide by RNase H. Conjugates possessing a phosphate backbone gave better antisense inhibition of expression of plasminogen activator inhibitor type-1 within endothelial cells as compared with unconjugated oligonucleotides.
Confiança e reputação, doces coloniais e Queijo Serrano: percepções de qualidade de alimentos tradicionais em contextos de proximidade entre agricultores e consumidores
Authors: Krone Evander Eloi , Menasche Renata
Published: January 2020

Este artigo parte da observação das tendências da alimentação contemporânea que vêm apontando para movimentos de valorização deprodutos tradicionais. Buscamos, aqui, compreender de que modo a confiança é acionada em contextos marcados pela informalidade e por relações de proximidade entre produtores e consumidores de alimentos. Nossa atenção é dirigida a dois casos referentes a produtos artesanais, o do Queijo Serrano, produzido na região dos Campos de Cima da Serra, e o dos doces de frutas da região de Pelotas, ambas localizadas no estado do Rio Grande do Sul. O estudo, de caráter etnográfico, buscou analisar os pontos de vista das famílias rurais produtoras desses alimentos, que estão inseridas em canais curtos de comercialização. A observação dos contextos estudados evidenciou percepções acerca da qualidade dos produtos pautadas em relações de confiança e reputação dos produtores e, desse modo, conformadas localmente, a partir de parâmetros socialmente construídos.
Notas sobre a produção feminina da socialidade segundo o ponto de vista de um bebedor de caiçuma
Authors: Matos Marcos De Almeida , Matos Marcos De Almeida
Published: January 2020

Partindo da descrição de uma festa de iniciação feminina, este artigo procura esboçar algumas ideias acerca dos modos pelos quais as mulheres contribuem na produção cotidiana da socialidade. Entre os diversos produtos da ação feminina, o texto busca colocar em relevo dois: a produção do corpo de outras mulheres mais jovens que passam pela menarca e a produção da caiçuma, especialmente da caiçuma fermentada, que constitui um dos principais catalisadores da socialidade.
Creation Out of Nothing. The Fascist Propaganda in Litzmannstadt
Authors: Ostrowski Marek
Published: January 2020

The article discusses the activities of Nazi propaganda in Litzmannstadt. It promotes the central notions of the Nazi ideology, such as Volk, land, and leadership in struggle. The purpose of political and military operations was to restore and maintain the ability to culturally dominate other nations. The Nazi state was ethnically, lin guistically and racially homogeneous – it knew not the notion of tolerance towards ethnic minorities. A major characteristic of the propaganda was it its influence on the activities of administrative bodies.
Artistic Inspiration: Initiation of an Artistic Communication
Authors: Władyka-Łuczak Zofia
Published: January 2020

The article is an attempt to answer the question: When and why is artistic communication initiated?The analysis which leads to the final conclusion was conducted on the basis of an autoethnographic analysis of the process of creating Pomnik Początków Miasta Łodzi (Monument to the Beginnings of Łódź). Its main element was the search for the border between the pre-creative and the creative states during an artist’s work. The analysis indicated that: “Regardless of whether I am working on a sculpture which was commissioned or a sculpture for myself, the processes of triggering precreative and creative states are similar. I always begin work by collecting the material. I work as constructivists would like me to: I study the elements which refer to various differentiation systems. [...] I am aware of the fact that the expected transition from the pre-creative to the creative state can happen at any moment. Today, after many years, I already know that it is not worth evaluating the gathered material – the triggering of the creative state is going to happen either way.” The core of triggering the creative attitude is the development of the skills for observing the reality which surrounds an artist, and even more importantly: the development of the skills of extracting from it that which we are used to calling inspiration in the whole complex process. The line between the pre-creative and creative states emerges in the moment when an artist decides to transfer a fragment of the reality they noticed to the work of art they are creating. The evaluation of a work of art is a completely different issue, which was omitted in this article.
Workplace Violence in Healthcare: A Single-Center Study on Causes, Consequences and Prevention Strategies
Authors: Antão Helena Sofia , Sacadura-Leite Ema , Manzano Maria João , Pinote Sónia , Relvas Rui , Serranheira Florentino , Sousa-Uva António
Published: January 2020

Introduction: Workplace violence is one of the main risk factors in the professional world. Healthcare workers are at higher risk when compared to other sectors. Our study aimed to characterize physical and verbal violence in a public hospital and to define occupational health prevention and surveillance strategies.Material and Methods: Single center observational cross-sectional study, carried amongst healthcare workers in a public hospital in Lisbon. A qualitative survey was carried out through six in-depth interviews. A quantitative survey was carried through questionnaires delivered to 32 workers. A significance level of 5% was accepted in the assessment of statistical differences. The Mann-Whitney test and the Fisher’s exact test were used to calculate p values.Results: The main results are: (1) 41 violence incidents were reported in the quantitative phase; (2) 5/21 [23.81%] victims notified the incident to the occupational health department; (3) 18/21 [85.71%] victims reported a permanent state of hypervigilance; (4) 22/28 [78.57%] participants self-reported poor or no familiarity with internal reporting procedures; (5) 24/28 [85.71%] participants believed it is possible to minimize workplace violence.Discussion: Workplace violence is favored by unrestricted access to working areas, absence of security guards and police officers or scarce intervention. The low notification rate contributes to organizational lack of action. The state of hypervigilance reported in our study reflects the negative effects of threatening occupational stressors on mental health.Conclusion: Our results show that workplace violence is a relevant risk factor that significantly impacts workers’ health in a noxious manner, deserving a tailored occupational health approach whose priority areas and strategies have been determined.
ANTIDIABETIC ACTIVITY TEST USING AMLA FRUIT (PHYLLANTHUS EMBLICA L) EXTRACT IN ALLOXAN-INDUCED BALB/C MICE
Authors: Cahyaningrum Putu Lakustini , Made Yuliari Sang Ayu , Suta Ida Bagus Putra
Published: January 2020

Background: The content of secondary metabolites in amla (phyllanthus emblica L.) such as flavonoids and phenols have the potential as an antioxidant. One of the benefits of antioxidants is to prevent degenerative diseases, such as diabetes mellitus. Purpose: This research to determine activity of amla fruit extract in reducing blood glucose levels at balb/c mice induced with alloxan. Methods. This research method uses a pre and posttest-controlled group design with 35 balb/c mice divided into five treatments groups. In the positive control group and the treatment group alloxan was injected for 14 days. Results: Amla (Phyllanthus emblica L.) fruit extract at a dose of 40 mg / 20 g BW was equivalent to positive control of glibenclamide dose 3 mg / 20 g BW compared to the treatment group at a dose of 10 mg / 20 g BW and 20 mg /20 g BW. Conclusion: From this research, it was obtained that the best dose of Amla fruit (phylanthus emblica L) extract applied to blood glucose was 40 mg/20mg BW with a decrease percentage of 56,93% with an effective dose value (ED50) 50% of 34.00 mg / 20 g BW.
Computational Simulations of Similar Probabilistic Distributions to the Binomial and Poisson Distributions
Authors: Frometa-Castillo Terman , Pyakuryal Anil , Wals-Zurita Amadeo , Mesbahi Asghar
Published: January 2020

This study has developed a Matlab application for simulating statistical models project (SMp) probabilistic distributions that are similar to binomial and Poisson, which were created by mathematical procedures. The simulated distributions are graphically compared with these legendary distributions. The application allows to obtain many probabilistic distributions, and shows the trend (τ ) for n trials with success probability p, i.e. the maximum probability as τ=np. While the Poisson distribution PD(x;µ) is a unique probabilistic distribution, where PD=0 in x=+∞, the application simulates many SMp(x;µ,Xmax) distributions, where µ is the Poisson parameter and value of x with generally the maximum probability, and Xmax is upper limit of x with SMp(x;µ,Xmax) ≥ 0 and limit of the stochastic region of the random discrete variable X. It is shown that by simulation via, one can get many and better probabilistic distributions than by mathematical one.
Novel Approaches for Dietary Phosphorus Management in Chronic Kidney Disease
Authors: Jasani Rachana , Kumar Rajesh , Dedhia Paras
Published: January 2020

Conventional approaches to alleviating hyperphosphatemia in patients with Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) include dietary phosphorus restriction and use of phosphate binders. These approaches are, however not enough to control hyperphosphatemia and hence the need for novel nutritional approaches arises. Dietary phosphorus, protein and phytate values of some common food ingredients were obtained. Phosphates to protein ratio and net phosphorus absorption from the gut were reported on the basis of the phytate content of these ingredients. Among some common Indian food ingredients, phosphate to protein ratio was high in cereals, millets and dairy products. However due to presence of high amount of phytate, the net absorption of phosphate was lower from plant based sources of phosphorus as compared to animal based sources. It can be concluded that phosphorus to protein ratio is a metric which helps to ensure dietary phosphorus restriction with sufficient intake of proteins. Tables providing phosphorus to protein ratio along with phytate and per cent absorption may prove to be beneficial in achieving desired target levels of phosphorus for renal dieticians in case of CKD patients with hyperphosphatemia.
Adherence to Mediterranean Diet and its Effect on Obesity among Healthy Saudi Adults
Authors: Shatwan Maha M. , Al-Zahrani Maryam H.
Published: January 2020

Obesity is considered as a global burden disease and its prevalence is increased worldwide. Physical inactivity and excessive calorie consumption are associated with increased obesity risk. Therefore, strategies for losing weight involved increased physical activity and reduced calorie and macronutrient diet. Also, recent studies showed that higher adherence to Mediterranean diet is associated with lower risk of obesity. This study investigated association between adherence to Mediterranean diet and obesity among healthy Saudi adults. The sample size of 127 participants (50 men and 77 women) from Jeddah city with mean age 38.2 ± 13.3 years and Body Mass Index (BMI) 26.5 ± 5.2. Adherence to Mediterranean Diet (Med-diet) was measured using a validated 14-item questionnaire of Mediterranean diet adherence. Independent t-test was used to examine significant differences between groups. Results showed that lower adherence to Med-diet among the participants was with mean 5.7 ± 1.9. The analysis of 14-item Med-diet questionnaire showed that around 45% of participants used olive oil in cooking and only 35% of participants consumed more than 4 tablespoons of olive oil daily. The consumption from vegetable, fruit and fish was below recommendation from Med-diet, however, the consumption of red meat was high. Individuals with great adherence to Med-diet had lower BMI, however, values were not statistically significant compared to lower adherence to Med-diet. In conclusion, study showed lower adherence to Med-diet among Saudis and adherence to Med-diet was not associated with reduced risk of obesity.
Physico Chemical Properties of Chocolates and its Variability with Process Conditions
Authors: Shahanas E. , Panjikkaran Seeja Thomachan , Sharon C. L. , Aneena E. R. , Suma B. , Minimol J. S. , Remya P. R.
Published: January 2020

Cocoa (Theobroma cacao L) is the only source of fashionable delicacy “Chocolate”. However, reduction in quality of processed beans due to accumulation of free fatty acid is a major problem. It is expected that the free fatty acid content must be less than 1.75 % in dry cocoa beans and chocolates. The small scale processors can not reach to the standards of chocolates of multinational companies. The study standardised a protocol for time (7, 9 and 11 hours) and temperature (600C and 700C) of tempering and conching in chocolate making. The physico chemical analysis and sensory evaluation of the chocolates were carried out. Tempering and conching influenced the textural properties like hardness, cohesiveness, adhesiveness and gumminess of chocolates. The energy content of 579.04 and 579.82 kcal was recorded in chocolates prepared at 600C and 700C for 11 hours. The protein content of alkalised and non alkalised chocolates varied between 7.30 and 10.45 g/100 g. The polyphenol content was 21 mg/100 g and 23 mg/100 g in alkalised and non alkalised chocolates. The lowest free fatty acid content in alkalised and non alkalised chocolates was 1.67% and 1.68% prepared at 700C for 11 hours. There was highest total score for sensory evaluation also for the chocolate prepared at 700C for 11 hours.
Nutritional Evaluation of Biscuits Developed from Quality Protein Maize
Authors: Arora S. , Grover K.
Published: January 2020

Malnutrition is one of the causes of triple burden on the nation. It is decreasing in South Asian countries but still almost 83 million are suffering1. To combat the condition of malnutrition, bio-fortified crops are being developed. One of the crops which were developed is quality protein maize; maize with better biological value and balanced amino acid profile which helped in increasing the absorption of other vitamin A, calcium and carbohydrate 2. In this background, the present study was planned with an objective to develop biscuits with optimum sensory and nutritional attributes which can help in impeding malnutrition. The biscuits were subjected to organoleptic evaluation by the panel of 10 semi-trained judges. A 9- point hedonic scale was used for evaluating sensory attributes of the developed biscuits. There was insignificant difference between overall acceptability score of the developed biscuits but was highest for the biscuits developed from quality protein maize. The quality protein maize containing biscuits had high protein (8.11 g/100 g), ash (1.46 g/100 g), lysine (3.66 g/100 g protein), methionine (1.66 g/100 g protein), tryptophan (0.84 g/100 g protein), linoleic (25.57%), linolenic acid (1.66%) and in vitro protein (81.92%) and starch digestibility (53.18%) acceptability in comparison to wheat biscuits. Thus, incorporation of quality protein maize in the development of bakery products helped in improving the nutrient contents and thus is a good alternative to be used during feeding trial.
Technologies in Food Processing
Authors: Uma Mageshwari S.
Published: January 2020

No Abstract.
DETERMINANT OF CORPORATE SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY DISCLOSURE
Authors: Fifianti Nuraini , Prasetyono -
Published: January 2020

This research aims to analyze the effect of company characteristics on CSR (Corporate Social Responsibility) disclosure. This research was conducted at manufacturing companies listed on Indonesian Stock Exchange in 2014-2016. This research used purposive sampling method. The samples consisted 58 companies with a total of 174 observations. The characteristics of the company in this research were proxied by the company size, liquidity, and profitability. Data analysis technique used in the research was multiple linier regression analysis technique. Based on the result of the analysis, it can be concluded the company size variable affect CSR disclosure, while the liquidity, leverage, and profitability variables do not affect CSR disclosure