bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Next Day Legionella PCR: a highly reliable negative screen for Legionella in the built environment
Authors: Fisher Katherine E. , Wickenberg Leah P. , Leonidas Lesley F. , Ranz Anna A. , Habib Michelle A. , Buford Rafael M. , McCoy William F.
Published: May 2020

The opportunistic, waterborne pathogen Legionella caused 9,933 cases of Legionnaires' disease in 2018 in the United States (CDC.gov). The incidence of Legionnaires' disease can be reduced by maintaining clean building water systems through water management programs (WMPs). WMPs often include validation testing to confirm the control of bacteria, but the traditional culture method for enumerating Legionella requires 10–14 days to obtain results. A rapid DNA extraction developed by Phigenics and a real-time PCR negative screen for the genus Legionella provided results the day after sampling. This study evaluated the Next Day Legionella PCR (Phigenics, LLC) compared with the traditional culture method (ISO 11731) on 11,125 building water samples for approximately 1 year. Two DNA extraction methods (Methods 1 and 2) were compared. The negative predictive value (NPV) of the Next Day Legionella PCR in comparison to traditional culture for Method 1 was 99.95%, 99.92%, 99.85%, and 99.17% at >10, >2, >1, and >0.1 CFU/ml limits of detection, respectively. The improved DNA extraction (Method 2) increased the NPV to 100% and 99.88% at >1 and >0.1 CFU/ml, respectively. These results demonstrate the reliability of the genus-level Legionella PCR negative screen to predict culture-negative water samples.
An effective measure for evaluating sewer condition: UAV screening in comparison with CCTVS and manhole cameras
Authors: Inagaki Yusuke , Ikeda Hiroshi , Takeuchi Patrik Ken , Yato Yoshihiko , Sawai Takayuki
Published: May 2020

Most of the water/sewer pipes in Japan were constructed after the high economic growth that occurred in the 1970s. Those pipes are now aging, and the water business is shifting from construction to rehabilitation. NJS, as a consulting company in Japan, has had to shift focus to reflect the increasing need for rehabilitation in the water sector and the limited budget available. Doing business efficiently and better managing water assets has become a critical part of the business. NJS has been searching for a way to inspect sewer pipes efficiently, not just a few times in a service life but in increased frequency – in the range of every year or two. During this process, a focus on UAVs (Unmanned Aerial Vehicles) was considered beneficial. However, one that could stably fly through a confined space, such as a sewer, did not yet exist. Hence, NJS decided to develop a UAV for this purpose in cooperation with a partner company. To evaluate the performance of the UAV, the NJS team has inspected an actual sewer section, in cooperation with Yokosuka city, Kanagawa prefecture, Japan. The result shows that the UAV is capable of inspecting more than 1,000 m a day without personnel needing to enter a manhole. The team has also inspected the same section by CCTV and manhole camera to compare the inspection speed, operator's safety and the reliability of data. From the obtained result, it can be said that UAV is an effective screening method to efficiently conduct CCTV inspection; in other words, to prioritize the sections that need a detailed inspection.
Application of SWMM 5.1 in flood simulation of sponge airport facilities
Authors: Peng Jing , Yu Lei , Cui Yanyu , Yuan Ximin
Published: May 2020

Construction of an airport runway makes the impervious area of the airport high, which leads to the deterioration of the water environment and frequent waterlogging disasters. The selection of sponge airport facilities (e.g., pump, multi-functional storage tanks, green roof) to mitigate airport ﬂooding has been a crucial issue in China. This study aims to develop a conceptual rainwater-runoff simulation model, which can take into account the effects of such facilities of a sponge airport. Taking catchment N1 of Beijing Daxing Airport as a case study, SWMM 5.1 was implemented to develop three sponge airport models (one pump, two pumps, combination of pump and multi-functional storage tanks). A sensitivity analysis was carried out to guarantee the robustness of the developed models. A 1-hour rainfall scenario with a 5-year return period was employed on the three sponge airport models. The results showed that the effect rankings of the control strategies on the water depth, volume and peak inﬂow of catchment N1 were comparable – combined strategies (combination of pump and multi-functional storage tanks) > one pump and two pumps. The conceptual and hydrological models developed in this study can serve as a simulation tool for implementing a real-time rainwater drainage control system in Beijing Daxing Airport.
Recent Progress in the Synthesis of Pyrimidine Heterocycles: A Review
Authors: Maji Pradip Kumar
Published: May 2020

Pyrimidine heterocycles are proven to be biologically active heterocycles,
found in many biological systems, displaying a broad spectrum of biological activities including
anticancer, anxiolytic, antioxidant, antiviral, antifungal, anticonvulsant, antidepressant
and antibacterial activities. Recently, various synthetic approaches, synthetic
strategy, the variation of substrates and study devoted towards the evaluation of biological
activities for the pyrimidine heterocycles have been reported in the literature. This review
article describes the synthesis of various biologically interesting pyrimidine heterocyclic
ring systems using various nitrogen building blocks.
Tyrosol as a Neuroprotector: Strong Effects of a “Weak” Antioxidant
Authors: Plotnikov Mark B. , Plotnikova Tatiana M.
Published: May 2020

The use of neuroprotective agents for stroke is pathogenetically justified, but the translation
of the results of preclinical studies of neuroprotectors into clinical practice has been a noticeable
failure. One of the leading reasons for these failures is the one-target mechanism of their activity.
p-Tyrosol (Tyr), a biophenol, is present in a variety of natural sources, mainly in foods, such as
olive oil and wine. Tyr has a wide spectrum of biological activity: antioxidant, stress-protective,
anti-inflammatory, anticancer, cardioprotective, neuroprotective and many others. This review analyzes
data on the neuroprotective, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-apoptotic and other kinds of
Tyr activity as well as data on the pharmacokinetics of the substance. The data presented in the
review substantiate the acceptability of tyr as the basis for the development of a new neuroprotective
drug with multitarget activity for the treatment of ischemic stroke. Tyr is a promising molecule
for the development of an effective neuroprotective agent for use in ischemic stroke.
Modified Cuckoo Search Algorithm using a New Selection Scheme for Unconstrained Optimization Problems
Authors: Shehab Mohammad , Khader Ahamad Tajudin
Published: May 2020

Background:

Cuckoo Search Algorithm (CSA) was introduced by Yang and Deb in
2009. It considers as one of the most successful in various fields compared with the metaheuristic
algorithms. However, random selection is used in the original CSA which means there is no high
chance for the best solution to select, also, losing the diversity.

Methods:

In this paper, the Modified Cuckoo Search Algorithm (MCSA) is proposed to enhance
the performance of CSA for unconstrained optimization problems. MCSA is focused on the default
selection scheme of CSA (i.e. random selection) which is replaced with tournament selection. So,
MCSA will increase the probability of better results and avoid the premature convergence. A set of
benchmark functions is used to evaluate the performance of MCSA.

Results:

The experimental results showed that the performance of MCSA outperformed standard
CSA and the existing literature methods.

Conclusion:

The MCSA provides the diversity by using the tournament selection scheme because
it gives the opportunity to all solutions to participate in the selection process.
Влияние адсорбции атомов натрия и прогрева на наночастицы золота, адсорбированные на вольфраме
Authors: Дементьев П.А. , Иванова Е.В. , Лапушкин М.Н. , Cмирнов Д.А. , Тимошнев С.Н.
Published: May 2020

The electronic structure of gold nanoparticles deposited on the surface of tungsten before and after the adsorption of sodium atoms followed by heating at T = 630 K was studied in situ in ultrahigh vacuum by photoelectron spectroscopy. The photoemission spectra from the valence band and core levels of Au 4f and Na 2p were studied under synchrotron excitation in the photon energy range 80-600 eV. It was shown that changes in the spectra of the valence band and core levels of Au 4f and Na 2p are associated with a change in the surface topography caused by the adsorption of sodium atoms and heating, which led to an increase in the surface area by several times. The surface topography and cathodoluminescence of a layer of gold nanoparticles deposited on a tungsten surface are studied
Чувствительность дислокационных розеток к форме индентора Берковича на кристаллах LiF и MgO
Authors: Грабко Д. , Пырцак К. , Шикимака О.
Published: May 2020

A peculiar effect, namely, the sensitivity of the shape of dislocation rosettes to the indenter type under indentation of the (001) face of LiF and MgO single crystals has been revealed. It was shown that the dislocation rosettes forming around the Vickers indenter are symmetrical, while the rosettes around the Berkovich one are asymmetric, the edge beams of the dislocation rosettes vary in length, and the screw ones do not show such asymmetry. An orientation effect was found during the penetration of the Berkovich indenter: the shape of the dislocation rosettes and the length of the edge beams change with a change in the orientation of the indenter relative to the crystallographic directions of the sample. It was also shown that the asymmetry of dislocation rosettes is more visible on harder crystals and increases with load growth on the indenter. The factors responsible for the anomaly in the development of dislocation rosettes under indentation in nano and micro scale by the Berkovich indenter of the (001) plane of cubic crystals are established
Correction: Postvaccination Fever Response Rates in Children Derived Using the Fever Coach Mobile App: A Retrospective Observational Study (Preprint)
Authors: Ahn Sang Hyun , Zhiang Jooho , Kim Hyery , Chang Seyun , Shin Jaewon , Kim Myeongchan , Lee Yura , Lee Jae-Ho , Park Yu Rang
Published: May 2020

INTERNATIONAL REGISTERED REPORT IDENTIFIER (IRRID)

RR2-10.2196/12223
Standalone Smartphone Cognitive Behavioral Therapy–Based Ecological Momentary Interventions to Increase Mental Health: Narrative Review (Preprint)
Authors: Marciniak Marta Anna , Shanahan Lilly , Rohde Judith , Schulz Ava , Wackerhagen Carolin , Kobylińska Dorota , Tuescher Oliver , Binder Harald , Walter Henrik , Kalisch Raffael , Kleim Birgit
Published: May 2020

BACKGROUND

A growing number of psychological interventions are delivered via smartphones with the aim of increasing the efficacy and effectiveness of these treatments and providing scalable access to interventions for improving mental health. Most of the scientifically tested apps are based on cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) principles, which are considered the gold standard for the treatment of most mental health problems.

OBJECTIVE

This review investigates standalone smartphone-based ecological momentary interventions (EMIs) built on principles derived from CBT that aim to improve mental health.

METHODS

We searched the MEDLINE, PsycINFO, EMBASE, and PubMed databases for peer-reviewed studies published between January 1, 2007, and January 15, 2020. We included studies focusing on standalone app-based approaches to improve mental health and their feasibility, efficacy, or effectiveness. Both within- and between-group designs and studies with both healthy and clinical samples were included. Blended interventions, for example, app-based treatments in combination with psychotherapy, were not included. Selected studies were evaluated in terms of their design, that is, choice of the control condition, sample characteristics, EMI content, EMI delivery characteristics, feasibility, efficacy, and effectiveness. The latter was defined in terms of improvement in the primary outcomes used in the studies.

RESULTS

A total of 26 studies were selected. The results show that EMIs based on CBT principles can be successfully delivered, significantly increase well-being among users, and reduce mental health symptoms. Standalone EMIs were rated as helpful (mean 70.8%, SD 15.3; n=4 studies) and satisfying for users (mean 72.6%, SD 17.2; n=7 studies).

CONCLUSIONS

Study quality was heterogeneous, and feasibility was often not reported in the reviewed studies, thus limiting the conclusions that can be drawn from the existing data. Together, the studies show that EMIs may help increase mental health and thus support individuals in their daily lives. Such EMIs provide readily available, scalable, and evidence-based mental health support. These characteristics appear crucial in the context of a global crisis such as the COVID-19 pandemic but may also help reduce personal and economic costs of mental health impairment beyond this situation or in the context of potential future pandemics.
Using Consumer-Grade Physical Activity Trackers to Measure Frailty Transitions in Older Critical Care Survivors: Exploratory Observational Study (Preprint)
Authors: Kim Ben , Hunt Miranda , Muscedere John , Maslove David M , Lee Joon
Published: May 2020

BACKGROUND

Critical illness has been suggested as a sentinel event for frailty development in at-risk older adults. Frail critical illness survivors are affected by increased adverse health outcomes, but monitoring the recovery after intensive care unit (ICU) discharge is challenging. Clinicians and funders of health care systems envision an increased role of wearable devices in monitoring clinically relevant measures, as sensor technology is advancing rapidly. The use of wearable devices has also generated great interest among older patients, and they are the fastest growing group of consumer-grade wearable device users. Recent research studies indicate that consumer-grade wearable devices offer the possibility of measuring frailty.

OBJECTIVE

This study aims to examine the data collected from wearable devices for the progression of frailty among critical illness survivors.

METHODS

An observational study was conducted with 12 older survivors of critical illness from Kingston General Hospital in Canada. Frailty was measured using the Clinical Frailty Scale (CFS) at ICU admission, hospital discharge, and 4-week follow-up. A wearable device was worn between hospital discharge and 4-week follow-up. The wearable device collected data on step count, physical activity, sleep, and heart rate (HR). Patient assessments were reviewed, including the severity of illness, cognition level, delirium, activities of daily living, and comorbidity.

RESULTS

The CFS scores increased significantly following critical illness compared with the pre-ICU frailty level (P=.02; d=−0.53). Survivors who were frail over the 4-week follow-up period had significantly lower daily step counts than survivors who were not frail (P=.02; d=1.81). There was no difference in sleep and HR measures. Daily step count was strongly correlated with the CFS at 4-week follow-up (r=−0.72; P=.04). The average HR was strongly correlated with the CFS at hospital discharge (r=−0.72; P=.046). The HR SD was strongly correlated (r=0.78; P=.02) with the change in CFS from ICU admission to 4-week follow-up. No association was found between the CFS and sleep measures. The pattern of increasing step count over the 4-week follow-up period was correlated with worsening of frailty (r=.62; P=.03).

CONCLUSIONS

This study demonstrated an association between frailty and data generated from a consumer-grade wearable device. Daily step count and HR showed a strong association with the frailty progression of the survivors of critical illness over time. Understanding this association could unlock a new avenue for clinicians to monitor and identify a vulnerable subset of the older adult population that might benefit from an early intervention.

CLINICALTRIAL
Intradialytic Hypotension and Cardiac Arrhythmias in Patients Undergoing Maintenance Hemodialysis
Authors: Mc Causland Finnian R. , Tumlin Jim A. , Roy-Chaudhury Prabir , Koplan Bruce A. , Costea Alexandru I. , Kher Vijay , Williamson Don , Pokhariyal Saurabh , Charytan David M. ,   on behalf of the MiD Investigators and Committees*
Published: May 2020

Background and objectives

Patients receiving maintenance hemodialysis (HD) have a high incidence of cardiac events, including arrhythmia and sudden death. Intradialytic hypotension (IDH) is a common complication of HD and is associated with development of reduced myocardial perfusion, a potential risk factor for arrhythmia.

Design, setting, participants, & measurements

We analyzed data from the Monitoring in Dialysis study, which used implantable loop recorders to detect and continuously monitor electrocardiographic data from patients on maintenance HD (n=66 from the United States and India) over a 6-month period (n=4720 sessions). Negative binomial mixed effects regression was used to test the association of IDH20 (decline in systolic BP >20 mm Hg from predialysis systolic BP) and IDH0–20 (decline in systolic BP 0–20 mm Hg from predialysis systolic BP) with clinically significant arrhythmia (bradycardia≤40 bpm for ≥6 seconds, asystole≥3 seconds, ventricular tachycardia ≥130 bpm for ≥30 seconds, or patient-marked events) during HD.

Results

The median age of participants was 58 (25th–75th percentile, 49–66) years; 70% were male; and 65% were from the United States. IDH occurred in 2251 (48%) of the 4720 HD sessions analyzed, whereas IDH0–20 occurred during 1773 sessions (38%). The number of sessions complicated by least one intradialytic clinically significant arrhythmia was 27 (1.2%) where IDH20 occurred and 15 (0.8%) where IDH0–20 occurred. Participants who experienced IDH20 (versus not) had a nine-fold greater rate of developing an intradialytic clinically significant arrhythmia (incidence rate ratio, 9.4; 95% confidence interval, 3.0 to 29.4), whereas IDH0–20 was associated with a seven-fold higher rate (incidence rate ratio, 7.2; 95% confidence interval, 2.1 to 25.4).

Conclusions

IDH is common in patients on maintenance HD and is associated with a greater risk of developing intradialytic clinically significant arrhythmia.
Management of Active Surveillance-Eligible Prostate Cancer during Pretransplantation Workup of Patients with Kidney Failure: A Simulation Study
Authors: Bieri Uwe , Hübel Kerstin , Seeger Harald , Kulkarni Girish S. , Sulser Tullio , Hermanns Thomas , Wettstein Marian S.
Published: May 2020

Background and objectives

The general rule that every active malignancy is an absolute contraindication for kidney transplantation is challenged by kidney failure patients diagnosed with active surveillance-eligible prostate cancer during pretransplantation workup. Interdisciplinary treatment teams therefore often face the challenge of balancing the benefits of early kidney transplantation and the risk of metastatic progression. Hence, we compared the quality-adjusted life expectancy of different management strategies in kidney failure patients diagnosed with active surveillance-eligible prostate cancer during pretransplantation workup.

Design, setting, participants, & measurements

A discrete event simulation model was developed on the basis of a systematic literature search, clinical guidelines, and expert opinion. After model validation and calibration, we simulated four management strategies in a hypothetical cohort of 100,000 patients: Definitive treatment (surgery or radiation therapy) and listing after a waiting period of 2 years, definitive treatment and immediate listing, active surveillance and listing after a waiting period of 2 years, and active surveillance and immediate listing. Individual patient results (quality-adjusted life years; QALYs) were aggregated into strategy-specific means (± SEs).

Results

Active surveillance and immediate listing yielded the highest amount of quality-adjusted life expectancy (6.97 ± 0.01 QALYs) followed by definitive treatment and immediate listing (6.75 ± 0.01 QALYs). These two strategies involving immediate listing not only outperformed those incorporating a waiting period of 2 years (definitive treatment: 6.32 ± 0.01 QALYs; active surveillance: 6.59 ± 0.01 QALYs) but also yielded a higher proportion of successfully performed transplantations (72% and 74% versus 56% and 59%), with less time on hemodialysis on average (4.02 and 3.81 years versus 4.80 and 4.65 years).

Conclusions

Among kidney failure patients diagnosed with active surveillance-eligible prostate cancer during pretransplantation workup, the active surveillance and immediate listing strategy outperformed the alternative management strategies from a quality of life expectancy perspective, followed by definitive treatment and immediate listing.
Multi-Phase Manganese Mineralization in the Noamundi Synclinorium, East Indian Shield
Authors: Chakraborty D. , Baidya T. K.
Published: May 2020

Manganese mineralization associated with phyllites in and around Joda, Odisha belongs to the Iron Ore Group of Noamundi basin and is a part of Jamda-Koira belt of East Indian Shield. The present study area comprises low to medium grade tectonites containing economic resources of both iron and manganese. Present study is concentrated on Manganese mineralization. Field study and petro-mineralogical observations reveal syngenetic character of manganese ores comprising lowT higher oxides viz. pyrolusite, cryptomelane, manganite as major Mn-minerals along with highT lower oxides viz. jacobsite, bixbyite, braunite and hausmannite as minor Mn-minerals. The Mn-ore bodies and associated phyllites have undergone multiple phases of deformation and metamorphism followed by hydrothermal and supergene processes. Four deformational phases have been deciphered during field study. Geochemical analyses of ores and phyllitic host rocks show high values of Al2O3, TiO2, Ba, Co, Ni, Cr, Cu, Sc, V, As, Zn but depletion of Sr, Yb, Sm, Nb. Geochemical data infer ores to be a recycling product originally derived from a mafic crustal source of tholeiitic character. Age data obtained from Sm-Nd ratio of two rock samples are 3.46 Ga and 2.79 Ga. Present work provides a critical assessment on the multiphase mineralization of manganese ores.
The Significance of Quality Higher Education for Sustainable Growth and Development in Africa: The Case of Ethiopia Context
Authors: Woldeyes Melese Mekasha
Published: May 2020

This paper examines the role of quality higher education for sustainable growth and development for African countries including Ethiopia. In providing access to quality higher education in Africa, using the Ethiopian context as a case study. It draws on Higher Education for Sustainable Development (HEfSD) is being significantly shaped by the global sustainability agenda, and it further explores the potential of higher education program delivery system in an Ethiopian context. In addition, the study explores the policy of the conventional higher education. Two instruments were used to gather relevant data, namely: interviews and document analysis. Three quality indicators used, coherence, efficiency and impact of higher education, were used as tools of analysis.This article is divided into three sections which explore three key linked aspects of the importance of higher education.1) Higher education.2) Its access and Quality.3) Concept of the Sustainable development of African countries, including Ethiopia.The author of this article develops a powerful framework for quality higher education and its essentials for growth and development, and seek to apply this in to various developing countries for sustainable growth and development in a range of international settings. In so doing to make an important connection between theoretical frameworks of the above practical elements. Given the constraint of different segment of the development integration, the finding of this study highlighted the importance of higher education in developing countries including Ethiopia, for fulfilling’s sustainable development agenda of the country.
Planet Mayday: COVID-19 and Global Warming
Authors: Lane Jan-Erik
Published: May 2020

Has COVID-19 changed the world forever? Is it the signal to treat Nature differently and mobilise effective policies against global warming? Well-known commentators on climate change argue thus, but this argument is wrong. COVID-19 is entirely different from global warming. And COVID-19 will ruin the states: How to pay for both lockdown and energy transformation?
FORMULATION AND EVALUATION OF TRANSDERMAL PATCHES OF PSEUDOEPHEDRINE HCL
Authors: SAMIULLAH  , JAN SYED UMER , GUL RAHMAN , JALALUDIN SYED , ASMATHULLAH
Published: May 2020

Objective: This study was conducted to design a transdermal dosage form of pseudoephedrine HCL and to evaluate its release under controlled rates for sustained transdermal delivery of Pseudoephedrine.

Methods: Transdermal patches were prepared by the casting evaporation method. Utilizing eudragit RL100. Patches were characterized by physical appearance, moisture content, thickness, weight variation, folding endurance, tensile strength and stability studies. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopic studies (FTIR), differential scanning calorimetry analysis (SCA) and XRD studies. Four different permeation enhancer (Tween 20, thymus oil, castor oil and eucalyptus oil) was employed. In vitro release of drugs was done in the dissolution paddle apparatus. Release studies were performed in distilled water at 37 °C. Scanning electron microscope studies were performed before and after the drug.

Results: Transdermal patches with enhancers were formulated successfully with a concentration of 1% (W/V). The patches indicated stable physicochemical characteristics. FTIR, SCA and XRD Studies showed that there were no physical and chemical interactions between excipients and drugs. Results of in vitro permeation studies showed that enhancers used in this study increased drug released. The enhancers showed faster released than no enhancer. This arrangement can be shown as Tween>Eucalyptus oil>Thymus oil and castor oil. Formulation F2 is optimized among all formulations showed an 83.3% release.

Conclusion: Transdermal patches of pseudoephedrine were successfully developed by using pseudo epinephrine HCL. These patches proved to be very useful for therapeutic purposes in the pharmaceutical industry without making the patients unconscious, unlike the trivial methods of treatment.
DEVELOPMENT AND EVALUATION OF ORAL SUSTAINED-RELEASE RANITIDINE DELIVERY SYSTEM BASED ON BACTERIAL NANOCELLULOSE MATERIAL PRODUCED BY KOMAGATAEIBACTER XYLINUS
Authors: NGUYEN THANH XUAN , PHAM MUNG VAN , CAO CUONG BA
Published: May 2020

Objective: The short biological half-life (2-3 h) and low bioavailability (50 %) of ranitidine (RAN) following oral administration favor the development of a controlled release system. This study was aimed to develop and in vitro evaluate oral sustained-release RAN delivery system based on the bacterial nanocellulose material (BNM) produced by Komagataeibacter xylinus (K. xylinus) from selected culture media.

Methods: BNMs are biosynthesized by K. xylinus in the standard medium (SM) and coconut water (CW). RAN was loaded in BNMs by the absorption method. The structural and physicochemical properties of BNMs and BNMs-RAN were evaluated via swelling behavior, FTIR, and FESEM techniques. Moreover, the effect of BNMs on RAN release profile and release kinetics was analyzed and evaluated.

Results: The amount of loaded RAN or entrapment efficacy for BNM-CW is higher than for BNM-SM. The BNM-SM-RAN and BNM-CW-RAN exhibited a decreased initial burst release system followed by a prolonged RAN release up to 24 h in relation to the commercial tablets containing RAN. The RAN release from these formulations was found higher in the SGF medium than that of in SIF medium. RAN released from these formulations was found to follow the Korsmeyer-Peppas model and diﬀusion sustained drug release mechanism. The sustained release of RAN from BNM-SM-RAN was slower than for RAN from BNM-CW-RAN, but the mechanism of sustained RAN release was the same.

Conclusion: Oral sustained-release RAN delivery system based on BNMs was successfully prepared and evaluated for various in vitro parameters. The biopolymers like BNM-SM and BNM-CW could be utilized to develop oral sustained RAN release dosage form.
FORMULATION OF SERUM GEL CONTAINING ANGELICA KEISKEI LEAF EXTRACT AS AN ANTIOXIDANT AND TYROSINASE ENZYME INHIBITOR
Authors: AULIFA DIAH LIA , NOERFITRI RIZKA Y. , TRISTIYANTI DEBY , BUDIMAN ARIF
Published: May 2020

Objective: The aim of this study was to formulate and evaluate the efficacy of Angelica keiskei (AK) leaf extract in serum gel as an antioxidant and tyrosinase enzyme inhibitor.

Methods: The leaves of AK were extracted using the maceration method, while the antioxidant and tyrosinase enzyme inhibitory activities were determined using 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and L-Tyrosine as assay and substrate, respectively. Subsequently, the extract was formulated into serum gel and evaluated for physical stability, antioxidant and inhibitory activity to tyrosinase enzyme.

Results: The results showed that AK leaf extract has antioxidant activity, with an IC50 value = 7.73 mg/ml, while the tyrosinase enzyme inhibitory power had an IC50 value = 500 mg/ml. Based on physical stability, the serum gel was stable after 28 d of storage. The serum gel of AK leaf extract also showed antioxidant activity and tyrosinase enzyme inhibition with IC50 value of 16.68 mg/ml and 741.62 mg/ml, respectively.

Conclusion: This study demonstrated that the serum gel of AK leaf extract has potential as a skin lightening agent and is safe for use as a topical preparation.
Pembelajaran Bahasa Berbasis Lingkungan: Perspektif Ekolinguistik
Authors: Mbete Aron Meko
Published: May 2020

Tulisan ini ditujukan untuk memberikan konsep pembelajaran bahasa berbasis lingkungan dalam perspektif Ekolinguistik. Perubahan lingkungan kebahasaan, tentu juga lingkungan sosial, kemanusiaan, dan kebudayaan, patut dikaji secara kritis. Demikian pula perkembangan budaya media khususnya, dan perubahan tata nilai kehidupan yang “sangat mendunia” ini perlu dicermati, disikapi, dan dievaluasi kembali secara lebih dalam. Kehidupan ini memang selalu berubah dan berkembang ke tingkat peradaban dan kebudayaan yang lebih tinggi. Akan tetapi, ke arah manakah hidup ini bergerak dan berubah, (secara khusus perubahan peran dan fungsi bahasa serta sikap para pemakainya), itulah sesungguhnya yang perlu direnungkan dan dievaluasi. Pembelajaran bahasa berbasis lingkungan diupayakan agar keanekabahasaan dan juga keberagaman bahasa yang merepresentasikan keanekaragaman hayati di lingkungan tertentu, dapat menjadi sumber penulisan dan upaya pelestarian bahasa-bahasa lokal, bahasa Indonesia, dan penguasaan bahasa asing. Melalui pembelajaran bahasa-bahasa yang berbasis lingkungan itu, peserta didik memulihkan kembali interaksi, interelasi, dan interdependensi dengan lingkungan hidup mereka, sekaligus mencegah gejala ketidakberakaran hidup mereka. Kata kunci: pembelajaran bahasa, perspektif ekolinguistik
Calculation of prestressed structures for shock loading
Authors: Lalin Vladimir V. , Pertseva Olga N. , Kamaltdinov Vladimir R. , Martynov Gleb V. , Monastyreva Daria E. , Tikhonov Roman S.
Published: May 2020

Introduction. With the use of prestressing, coatings are made for special-purpose buildings, requiring calculations for extreme impacts. Such impacts include an airplane strike. Modeling of prestressed structures and calculation of shock loads is difficult to implement in classical calculation programs. A universal tool for solving such problems is the PC SOFiSTIK. This software complex allows you to interact with the most modern software solutions. Materials and methods. For the description of the method, special-purpose coating was selected and the strike calculation of the Learjet 23 aircraft was performed. For modeling prestressing, the SOFIPLUS interface is used. To describe the impact, the internal programming language CADINP is used. Results. The nature of the change in the coating deformations in the first seconds of the aircraft crash is presented graphically. Also, iso-ares of internal bending moments of the coating were derived for the selection of reinforcement and the diagram of the moments of the beams from the action of prestressing, taking into account tension losses. Conclusions. SOFiSTIK PC allows you to solve complex engineering problems with a high degree of automation. Thanks to the open source code, it becomes possible to calculate atypical extreme effects. The obtained graphs and diagrams confirm the passage of checks on the limiting states of the coating, and can also be used to design and calculate similar special-purpose structures.
Current issues of improving the pricing system in construction in the transition period
Authors: Solov'ev Vyacheslav V. , Korchagin Alexey P.
Published: May 2020

Introduction. The focus on transition to the input method of estimated cost accounting, demonstrated by the leaders of the construction industry, outlines the principal goals pursued in the process of improving the pricing system. The monitoring of prices for construction resources gains in importance. The research is based on the analysis of the construction industry’s current need for updated regulatory information and an improved pricing methodology. Materials and methods. A relevant problem of pricing, which is now quality-driven, has been solved by the construction industry amidst the strengthening role of government agencies. Presently, pricing is driven by the factors that characterize the course of an investment process, primarily, promoted by the customer. This methodology encompasses the assessment of pricing regulations with a required extent of generalization in terms of any submitted data. Results. The experiment conducted to assess the established pricing regulations in terms of special construction facilities has proven the maximal significance of factors, describing a construction project stage as a correlation between estimated and actual costs incurred by a construction company. Against the background of impeded introduction of changes into costing standards, a pool of solutions has been generated to monitor prices for construction resources and to generate price escalation models. Conclusions. The best methods used to adapt standard prices to actual costs of construction products should involve the monitoring of prices for the whole range of construction resources. Methodological problems are to be solved in a way that must improve the trustworthiness of estimated construction costs. The novelty and practical significance of this research stem from the analysis of the current development stage of the system of federal and industry-specific regulations and methodologies.
Interprofessional Collaborative Practice and Law: A Reflective Analysis of 14 Regulation Structures
Authors: Girard Marie-Andrée
Published: May 2020

Background: Interprofessional collaboration (IPC) is a key element of an efficienthealthcare system. Are healthcare systems structured to facilitate IPC?Methods and findings: Fourteen jurisdictions were chosen and researched usinglegal and social sciences databases. Generally, there was a lack of understandingof the legal principles in literature on policy and IPC. That aside, every jurisdic-tion had acts and regulation specific to health professions. There were numerouspathways to professional regulation and no clear consensus. Regarding IPC pres-ence in legal text, there were two main integration pathways: professional-basedand organization-based approaches.Conclusion: Although the practice of IPC is important, its presence in regulationis still discrete. If the aim is to strengthen IPC, there must be more socio-legalresearch to properly address and inform policymakers.
The Methodological Development of an Interprofessional Educational Program to Provide Proactive Integrated Care for Elders
Authors: Smit Linda , Dikken Jeroen , Pool Inge , Wijk Marjolein van , Schuurmans Marieke , Wit Niek de , Bleijenberg Nienke
Published: May 2020

Background: Interprofessional collaboration in practice (IPCP) between professionals from the medical and social domain within primary care is desirable; however, it is also challenging due to fragmented healthcare. Little is known about the development of IPCP in primary care to fit the implementation context. This article describes the methodological development and the final content of an IPCP program.Methods and findings: The development process started with the identification of IPCP competencies in a literature review and a qualitative needs analysis with semi-structured interviews among eight elders and four health care professionals. The results were discussed during a first consultation with an expert team, which consisted of ten health care professionals. Consensus was reached on the themes role identity, communication, and shared vision development to form the basis of the program. A second consultation with the experts discussed the first version of the program. Then, consensus was reached on the final version of the program, which included a blended learning approach consisting of two face-to-face meetings, online learning, and on-the-job learning with a sixteen-hour time investment over a six-week period.Conclusions: The IPCP program was developed based on educational strategies and evidence, and with the support and knowledge of practice experts to fit the implementation context.
Continuous Positive Airway Pressure Treatment, Glycemia, and Diabetes Risk in Obstructive Sleep Apnea and Comorbid Cardiovascular Disease
Authors: Loffler Kelly A. , Heeley Emma , Freed Ruth , Meng Rosie , Bittencourt Lia R. , Carvalho Carolina C. Gonzaga , Chen Rui , Hlavac Michael , Liu Zhihong , Lorenzi-Filho Geraldo , Luo Yuanming , McArdle Nigel , Mukherjee Sutapa , Yap Hooi Shan , Zhang Xilong , Palmer Lyle J. , Anderson Craig S. , McEvoy R. Doug , Drager Luciano F. , investigators SAVE substudy
Published: May 2020

Objective

Despite evidence
of a relationship between obstructive sleep apnea (OSA), metabolic
dysregulation and diabetes mellitus (DM), it is uncertain whether OSA treatment
can improve metabolic parameters. We sought to determine effects of long-term
continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) treatment on glycemic control and DM
risk in patients with cardiovascular disease (CVD) and OSA.

Research
Design and Methods

Blood, medical history, and personal data were
collected in a substudy of 888 participants in the Sleep Apnea
Cardiovascular Endpoints (SAVE) trial in which patients with OSA and stable CVD
were randomized to receive CPAP plus Usual Care, or Usual Care alone.
Serum glucose and glycated hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) were measured
at baseline, and six months, two- and four years, and incident diabetes diagnoses recorded.

Results

Median follow-up was 4.3 years. In those with pre-existing DM (n=274), there
was no significant difference between CPAP and Usual Care groups in serum
glucose, HbA1c or anti-diabetic medications during
follow-up. There were also no significant between-group differences in participants
with pre-diabetes (n=452), nor in new diagnoses of DM. Interaction testing suggested
that women with diabetes did poorly in the Usual Care group while their counterparts
on CPAP therapy remained stable.

Conclusions

Among patients with established CVD
and OSA, we found no evidence that CPAP therapy over several years affected glycemic
control in those with diabetes or pre-diabetes, or DM risk over standard of
care treatment. The potential differential effect according
to sex deserves further investigation.
SAK-EMKM IMPLEMENTATION of MEDIUM ENTERPRISE FINANCIAL STATEMENT In Salatiga (Case Study of Medium Enterprise XZY in Salatiga)
Authors: Putri Regina Aurellia , Nugroho Paskah Ika
Published: May 2020

In order to evaluate Business Performance and make Small and Medium Enterprise easier to receive Business Credit Community, Ikatan Akuntan Indonesia (IAI) provides SAK EMKM (Financial Accounting Standards of Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises). SAK EMKM consists of Statement of Financial Position, Income Statement, and Notes to Financial Statement. Object of this research is Charcoal Briquette Producers that is categorized as Medium Enterprise located in in Salatiga. Purpose of this research is to educate and assist EMKM XYZ in arranging financial statement, since owner of this business does not understand what is SAK EMKM and how to apply it.
THE INFLUENCE OF SOCIAL MEDIA ADDICTION TO EMPLOYEES PERFORMANCE WITH CYBERLOAFING AS INTERVENING VARIABLE (Study on Generation Y Workers at MNC)
Authors: Moningkey Rahel , Franksiska Rosaly
Published: May 2020

The use of internet especially social media was inevitable in today’s society. Using the internet effectively and in moderation can become a useful to get the job done efficiently. Inappropriate use of internet or social media can lead to lower performance, particularly if it had become an addiction. The purpose of this research was to test whether social media addiction influence performance with cyber loafing as intervening variable. This was a quantitative research with sample of 110 generation Y workers at MNC in Jakarta. The analysis technique used is path analysis. The result of this research showed that social media addiction is low, with moderate cyberloafing and high performance. The path analysis indicated that social media addiction positively influence cyberloafing, but social media addiction and cyberloafing did not influence employees’ performance. Therefore, Cyberloafing did not act as intervening variable. Different companies have different policies concerning the use of internet. Some company have a strict rule and demands their employees to be professional in a way to did not use their Mobile phone to access their social media or not to cater to their personal need during their working hours. Professionalism is needed by employees to survive in their job. The company demand to be as professional as employees can make them did not addict to their social media. So causes the result of this study that said there is no influence between cyberloafing a social media addiction toward employees’ performance.
PENGARUH KINERJA KEUANGAN TERHADAP NILAI PERUSAHAAN DENGAN CORPORATE GOVERNANCE SEBAGAI VARIABEL MODERASI
Authors: Setiawan Pang michael Dandy pratama
Published: May 2020

This study aims to analyze the effect of financial performance on company value with corporate governance as a moderating variable. This study uses purposive sampling which obtained 31 samples of manufacturing companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange in the period 2015 – 2018. The test results in this study prove that financial performance has a positive effect on company value and corporate governance is able to significantly strengthen the effect of financial performance on company value. Good and increasing corporate finance causes an increase in share prices and the number of shares outstanding so that the value of the company increases as well while managerial ownership as a proxy for moderating variable causes the company management to take appropriate and wise actions for the company’s survival so that the company’s financial performance increases so the value of the company increases too.
PENERAPAN AKUNTANSI ASET TETAP BERDASARKAN STANDAR AKUNTANSI PEMERINTAHAN (SAP) No. 07 TENTANG ASET TETAP PADA DINAS PEKERJAAN UMUM DAN PENATAAN RUANG (DPUPR) KABUPATEN SITUBONDO
Authors: Cahya Dwi
Published: May 2020

Penelitian ini dilakukan di Dinas Pekerjaan Umum dan Penataan Ruang Kabupaten Situbondo yang bertujuan untuk meneliti tentang penerapan akuntansi aset tetap yang sesuai dengan SAP No.07 tentang aset tetap. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif deskriptif. Jenis data yang digunakan yaitu data primer dan data sekunder. Metode pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan cara wawancara dan dokumentasi. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa penerapan akuntansi aset tetap pada dinas PUPR tidak sesuai dengan SAP No.07, dikarenakan penerapan aset tetap pada dinas PUPR yang seharusnya menurut SAP No.07 berbasis akrual, tetapi dinas PUPR berbasis kas.
Items Quality Analysis Using Rasch Model To Measure Elementary School Students’ Critical Thinking Skill On Stem Learning
Authors: Hamdu Ghullam , Fuadi F N , Yulianto A , Akhirani Y S
Published: May 2020

Critical thinking as one of the 21st century competences required by students needs to be developed and analyzed by employing qualified assessment instrument. Test is a kind of critical thinking assessment instrument which quality is developed and analysed to create a meaningful learning. A total of 10 multiple choices items were developed based on critical thinking indicators. The items were then given to forty two 4th grade students in one of the elementary schools in Tasikmalaya-West Java after obtaining STEM learning. Focus group discussions were conducted to construct and validate the instrument. The result of the test was analyzed using Rasch model with the assistance of Winsteps software version 3.75. The results indicated that the analysis using the Rasch model could explain the critical thinking items’ quality based on the level of difficulty and suitability and could categorize students’ abilities and their suitability for STEM learning conducted.
An Analysis of English Language Education (ELE) Students' Motivation in Learning Pedagogical Courses
Authors: Pratama Putu Yoga Sathya , Utami I Gusti Ayu Lokita Purnamika , Adnyani Luh Diah Surya
Published: May 2020

Previous studies on motivation had been broadly researched, but little attention was given to learning pedagogical courses motivation. Thus, this qualitative research with case-study research design was conducted. This research aimed to describe ELE students’ motivation in learning pedagogical courses. The collecting data used were questionnaire, interview guidance, and human instrument. The obtained data were analyzed qualitatively through interactive data analysis. The result portrays there are more ELE students tend to be intrinsically motivated in learning pedagogical courses; the rest are identified to be extrinsically motivated, amotivated, and undefined motivation students. The reasons underlying their motivation in learning pedagogical courses can be categorized into: 1) internal reasons (mood, goals, passion, perspective, & personality) and 2) external reasons (parental, score, and lecturer).
Academic Self-Efficacy As Predictor Of Academic Achievement
Authors: Basith Abd , Syahputra Andi , Aris Ichwanto Muhammad
Published: May 2020

The purposes of this research are 1) to analyze the differences of the effect of gender, years of study, and major on the academic self-efficacy, and 2) to predict academic self-efficacy in determining academic achievement. This is a quantitative research using a survey approach. The location of this study is STKIP Singkawang (School of Teacher Training and Educational Science). The sample used is 223 students, which consisted of 112 males and 111 females. The data collection technique used is a questionnaire using a Likert scale. The data were analyzed using SPSS with descriptive statistical techniques, correlation, regression, and univariate GLM analysis. The results confirm that; 1) different majors have a significant influence on academic self-efficacy compared to the gender and years of study. The students of social sciences major have higher academic self-efficacy than those in the exact sciences major.; 2) self-efficacy has a positive relationship and is also a predictor in determining academic achievement. This shows that any improvement in academic self-efficacy will be accompanied by an improvement in the academic achievement.