bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Roadblocks to Infection Prevention Efforts in Health Care: SARS-CoV-2/COVID-19 Response
Authors: Popescu Saskia
Published: March 2020

The outbreak of a novel coronavirus, SARS-CoV-2, is challenging international public health and health care efforts. As hospitals work to acquire enough personal protective equipment and brace for potential cases, the role of infection prevention efforts and programs has become increasingly important. Lessons from the 2003 SARS-CoV outbreak in Toronto and 2015 MERS-CoV outbreak in South Korea have unveiled the critical role that hospitals play in outbreaks, especially of novel coronaviruses. Their ability to amplify the spread of disease can rapidly fuel transmission of the disease, and often those failures in infection prevention and general hospital practices contribute to such events. While efforts to enhance infection prevention measures and hospital readiness are underway in the United States, it is important to understand why these programs were not able to maintain continued, sustainable levels of readiness. History has shown that infection prevention programs are primarily responsible for preparing hospitals and responding to biological events but face understaffing and focused efforts defined by administrators. The current US health care system, though, is built upon a series of priorities that often view biopreparedness as a costly endeavor. Awareness of these competing priorities and the challenges that infection prevention programs face when working to maintain biopreparedness is critical in adequately addressing this critical infrastructure in the face of an international outbreak.
Screencast-Delivered Professional Development Targeting Teachers’ Self-Efficacy and Beginning-of-the-Year Classroom Management Practices
Authors: Garwood Justin D. , Harris Alene H.
Published: March 2020

Classroom management remains one of the greatest challenges for teachers. In this study, with 52 general and special education teachers, we examined the effectiveness of a screencast-delivered professional development program focused on classroom management practices in the first 3 days of school. Results suggest that after participating in the program, teachers report a positive change to the start of their school year across 12 different areas. Further, teachers’ classroom management self-efficacy increased significantly after completing the program, and there was a significant correlation (r = .41) between increases in classroom management self-efficacy and rate of implementation of new practices. Implications for practitioners and future directions for research are included.
All finite transitive graphs admit a self-adjoint free semigroupoid algebra
Authors: Dor-On Adam , Linden Christopher
Published: March 2020

In this paper we show that every non-cycle finite transitive directed graph has a Cuntz–Krieger family whose WOT-closed algebra is $B(\mathcal {H})$. This is accomplished through a new construction that reduces this problem to in-degree 2-regular graphs, which is then treated by applying the periodic Road Colouring Theorem of Béal and Perrin. As a consequence we show that finite disjoint unions of finite transitive directed graphs are exactly those finite graphs which admit self-adjoint free semigroupoid algebras.
Globally subanalytic CMC surfaces in ℝ3 with singularities
Authors: Sampaio José Edson
Published: March 2020

In this paper we present a classification of a class of globally subanalytic CMC surfaces in ℝ3 that generalizes the recent classification made by Barbosa and do Carmo in 2016. We show that a globally subanalytic CMC surface in ℝ3 with isolated singularities and a suitable condition of local connectedness is a plane or a finite union of round spheres and right circular cylinders touching at the singularities. As a consequence, we obtain that a globally subanalytic CMC surface in ℝ3 that is a topological manifold does not have isolated singularities. It is also proved that a connected closed globally subanalytic CMC surface in ℝ3 with isolated singularities which is locally Lipschitz normally embedded needs to be a plane or a round sphere or a right circular cylinder. A result in the case of non-isolated singularities is also presented. It also presented some results on regularity of semialgebraic sets and, in particular, it proved a real version of Mumford's Theorem on regularity of normal complex analytic surfaces and a result about C1 regularity of minimal varieties.
Capital and the Cathedral: Robert H. Schuller's Continual Fundraising for Church Growth
Authors: Martí Gerardo , Mulder Mark T.
Published: March 2020

Robert H. Schuller's Crystal Cathedral in Garden Grove, California, appeared to be the model of growth and stability among megachurches—until it imploded. Drawing on archival material and interviews, this article demonstrates how the seeming success of Schuller's church growth philosophy was built on a precarious structure that demanded the continual management of flows of capital. In Schuller's vision, a church's capacity must always exceed a leader's projected plan for growth. Large capital projects stimulate revenue, yet borrowed funds are required to accommodate growth in membership that will produce income to pay off loans later. As new members join, however, structures expand, placing increased strain on mobilizing the loyalty of a wider constituency to uphold the charisma-bearing enterprise. Ensuring the credibility of pastoral charisma requires ever expanding infrastructure, which, in turn, demands increased funding for programs, staff, and buildings—a vicious spiral, exacting enormous strains for sustaining the entire ministry.
The politics of monastic life: opportunities for exit and voice in a voluntary total institution
Authors: Sundberg Mikaela
Published: March 2020

Total institutions are by definition totalitarian, but not necessarily authoritarian. Voluntary total institutions consist of members who have chosen to enter, but what opportunities do they have to leave? This article addresses opportunities for exit and voice in Catholic monasteries within the Cistercian Order of Strict Observance. Monasteries have institutionalized important democratic processes regarding membership and leadership. Members are involved in decision-making through community bodies and discussions, but in many practical concerns, superiors may wrest control by neglecting to ask the community for alternative opinions. The superior’s decision-making style therefore crucially affects the range of democratic decision-making in individual monastic communities. Complete exits are common during the initial entry process. The cost of leaving is higher for full members, and the internal exit option to other monastic communities in the Order is therefore of great importance. It means that monastic communities cease to operate as monopolies.
The Sociological Idea of the State: Legal Education, Austrian Multinationalism, and the Future of Continental Empire, 1880–1914
Authors: Prendergast Thomas R.
Published: March 2020

If historians now recognize that the Habsburg Monarchy was developing into a strong, cohesive state in the decades before the First World War, they have yet to fully examine contemporaneous European debates about Austria's legitimacy and place in the future world order. As the intertwined fields of law and social science began during this period to elaborate a binary distinction between “modern” nation-states and “archaic” multinational “empires,” Austria, like other composite monarchies, found itself searching for a legally and scientifically valid justification for its continued existence. This article argues that Austrian sociology provided such a justification and was used to articulate a defense of the Habsburg Monarchy and other supposedly “abnormal” multinational states. While the birth of the social sciences is typically associated with Germany and France, a turn to sociology also occurred in the late Habsburg Monarchy, spurred by legal scholars who feared that the increasingly hegemonic idea of nation-based sovereignty threatened the stability of the pluralistic Austrian state. Proponents of the “sociological idea of the state,” notably the sociologist, politician, and later president of Czechoslovakia Tomáš Masaryk and the Polish-Jewish sociologist and jurist Ludwig Gumplowicz, challenged the concept of statehood advanced by mainstream Western European legal philosophy and called for a reform of Austria's law and political science curriculum. I reveal how, more than a century before the “imperial turn,” Habsburg actors came to reject the emerging scholarly distinction between “nations” and “empires” and fought, with considerable success, to institutionalize an alternative to nationalist social scientific discourse.
Legal Liminalities: Conflicting Jurisdictional Claims in the Transition from British Mandate Palestine to the State of Israel
Authors: Stern Rephael G.
Published: March 2020

This article explores the legal and temporal dimensions of the transition from British Mandate Palestine to the State of Israel on 15 May 1948. I examine the paradoxical character of Israeli jurisdictional claims during this period and argue that it reveals the Israeli state's uncertainty as to whether the Mandate had truly passed into the past. On one hand, Israel recognized the validity of the Mandate administration's jurisdiction until 15 May; I employ the Israeli trial of the British citizen Frederick William Sylvester to demonstrate how Israel even predicated its own jurisdictional claims on their being continuous with those of its predecessor. In this case, the Mandate administration was cast as having entered the realm of the past. Conversely, the Israeli state contested Mandate laws and legal decisions made prior to 15 May to assert its own jurisdictional claims. In the process, Israeli officials belied their efforts to bury their predecessors in the past and implicitly questioned whether the past was in fact behind them. By simultaneously relying upon and disavowing past British legal decisions, the Israeli state staked a claim on being a “completely different political creature” from its British predecessor while retaining its colonial legal structures as the “ultimate standards of reference.” Israel's complex attitude toward its Mandate past directs our attention to how it was created against the backdrop of the receding British Empire and underscores the importance of studying Israel alongside other post-imperial states that emerged from the First World War and the mid-century decolonizing world.
“Intertribal” Development Strategies in the Global Cold War: Native American Models and Counterinsurgency in Southeast Asia
Authors: Tropp Jacob
Published: March 2020

This article bridges the traditionally segregated fields of Native American history and the history of American foreign relations by investigating a series of activities in the late 1960s and early 1970s that interconnected Native American development and American counterinsurgency agendas in the unstable political landscapes of Southeast Asia. A small coterie of American bureaucrats, with careers spanning foreign assistance and Native American development work, saw great potential in selectively showcasing Indian economic “success stories” to serve “hilltribe” development and counterinsurgency programs in Laos and Thailand sponsored by the U.S. Agency for International Development and the Central Intelligence Agency. One result was a series of “intertribal” development tours arranged for Laotian and Thai representatives in multiple Native American communities in Arizona and New Mexico. Moreover, sharing a sense that Native Americans could offer unique advantages as direct development agents among other “tribes” overseas, the tours’ organizers garnered support from a diverse range of actors—CIA and USAID officials, Laotian and Thai military officers, and Indian political and business leaders—for launching a “tribe-to-tribe” foreign assistance program. Viewed together, these transnational schemes and discussions reveal how the flexible and multivalent meanings of key development concepts at the time—such as Indian achievement, tribal initiative, and “intertribal” understanding—both facilitated and constrained official designs to employ Native American models to support political and military agendas in the “shadow” theaters of the escalating Vietnam conflict.
Dense subalgebras of purely infinite simple groupoidC*-algebras
Authors: Brown Jonathan H. , Clark Lisa Orloff , an Huef Astrid
Published: March 2020

A simple Steinberg algebra associated to an ample Hausdorff groupoidGis algebraically purely infinite if and only if the characteristic functions of compact open subsets of the unit space are infinite idempotents. If a simple Steinberg algebra is algebraically purely infinite, then the reduced groupoid$C^*$-algebra$C^*_r(G)$is simple and purely infinite. But the Steinberg algebra seems too small for the converse to hold. For this purpose we introduce an intermediate *-algebraB(G) constructed using corners$1_U C^*_r(G) 1_U$for all compact open subsetsUof the unit space of the groupoid. We then show that ifGis minimal and effective, thenB(G) is algebraically properly infinite if and only if$C^*_r(G)$is purely infinite simple. We apply our results to the algebras of higher-rank graphs.
Variation in cold tolerance in F6durum wheat [Triticum turgidum(L.) Tell. convar.durum(Desf.) Mackey] RILs and the relationships of cold tolerance with some quality parameters and genetic markers
Authors: Göçmen Taşkın Belgin , Özbek Özlem , Keskin Şan Sibel , Eser Vehbi , Nachit Miloudi Mikael , Kaya Zeki
Published: March 2020

Low temperature is one of the critical factors for determining agricultural production. Therefore, the main objective was to develop the durum wheat lines, which are tolerant to cold particularly in Central Anatolia. The recombinant inbred lines (RILs) (141) derived from F6progeny of durum wheat, developed from Kunduru-1149 (female parent) and Cham-1 (male parent) cross, were characterized in terms of their cold tolerance both in the field and under controlled (in growth chamber) conditions. A 0–9 scale was used for the visual evaluation of cold damage under field conditions, and a quantitative measure of photochemical efficiency (Fv/Fm = variable fluorescence/maximum fluorescence) method was used for the evaluation of cold damage under controlled conditions. Seventeen RILs displayed the scores within the range of 1–2.5 in 0–9 scale evaluation, while 41 RILs showed the scores equal to or higher than 0.70 approaching to optimal (~0.83) in Fv/Fm evaluation. Some quality parameters tested and some gliadin fragments and random amplified polymorphic DNA loci showed meaningful correlations with the data of 0–9 scale and Fv/Fm ratios from lower to the medium level. The RILs considered as cold resistant; might have the potential to be used as parental lines to develop cold-resistant durum wheat varieties in the future durum wheat-breeding programmes.
SALARIOS REALES Y SUBSISTENCIA DE LOS TRABAJADORES DE MENDOZA DURANTE LA GRAN EXPANSIÓN (ARGENTINA, 1890–1914)
Authors: Olguín Patricia , Bragoni Beatriz
Published: March 2020

This paper aims to analyze the changes in the standard of living of workers in the popular sectors of Mendoza during the “great expansion” of the Argentine economy. A series of real wages of the construction pawn in public works is calculated for 1895–1914, in order to compare it with series of real wages of low and medium public employee grades (low-level policeman, porter and clerk) and vineyard employees, which were previously estimated. In this way, we try to know if the dynamism of viticulture and public investment improved their living conditions. In addition, it seeks to compare these results with the cost of a basic basket of goods and services and calculate family income for some construction laborers identified in the National Population Census of 1895, in order to know if they insured family subsistence.
Many more predecessors: A representation workout
Authors: KISELYOV OLEG
Published: March 2020

From the outset, lambda calculus represented natural numbers through iterated application. The successor hence adds one more application, and the predecessor removes. In effect, the predecessor un-applies a term—which seemed impossible, even to Church. It took Kleene a rather oblique glance to sight a related representation of numbers, with an easier predecessor. Let us see what we can do if we look at this old problem with today’s eyes. We discern the systematic ways to derive more predecessors—smaller, faster, and sharper—while keeping all teeth.
Successful pregnancy in a patient with double outlet right ventricle
Authors: Salame-Waxman Daniel , Escudero-Salamanca Mara , Espinola-Zavaleta Nilda
Published: March 2020

Background:

The double outlet right ventricle is uncommon and usually makes patients have haemodynamic and structural complications. Having a hyperdynamic state, such as pregnancy, with volume overload is very risky for a patient with complex CHD (CCHD). The diagnosis in early stages can prevent cardiac complications. The multi-disciplinary assessment of the disease lets patients make choices in treatment and reproductive life.

Objective:

Present a case of a successful pregnancy in a patient with a rare CCHD.

Participant:

A pregnant 19-year-old patient with a double outlet right ventricle without haemodynamic or structural complications and no fetal abnormalities.
Time equals money? Valuing ecosystem-based adaptation in a developing country context
Authors: Hagedoorn Liselotte C. , Koetse Mark J. , van Beukering Pieter J. H. , Brander Luke M.
Published: March 2020

To guide investments in ecosystem-based adaptation (EbA) in developing countries, numerous stated preference valuation studies have been implemented to assess the value of ecosystem services. These studies increasingly use time payments as an alternative to money. There is limited knowledge, however, about how to convert time to money and how the type of payment affects willingness to pay (WTP). In this study, the results of choice experiments using time and money payments are compared in the context of EbA measures in Vietnam. Six, of which five individual-specific, conversion rates are applied. WTP estimates are found to be higher for time payments. Moreover, the type of payment vehicle as well as the conversion rate has substantial effect on mean WTP and WTP distributions. We discuss implications of these results for the conversion of time to money and the use of resulting WTP estimates in cost benefit analyses in developing countries.
The Conservative Backlash against Gender in Latin America
Authors: Biroli Flávia , Caminotti Mariana
Published: March 2020

Gender is central to the political disputes in Latin America today. Although conflicts concerning women and LGBTQ rights are not new, only recently have they become a dividing line in the public identities of parties, politicians, and candidates. The second decade of the 2000s brought the opposition to gender forward in the platforms of far-right movements and leaders, raising popular support as they mobilized conservative frameworks and antagonized feminist and LGBTQ activism. Their promises to protect the family from a supposed moral disorder made gender a popular category, strategically presented as an “ideology” threatening children, marriage, the natural order, and national values. Elections such as those in Brazil and Costa Rica in 2018 indicate that conflicts concerning gender and sexuality can also produce new electoral cleavages.
U.S. Readies Health Response for the Next Big Eruption
Authors: Cartier Kimberly
Published: March 2020

Forty years after the explosive eruption of Mount St. Helens, scientists, communities, and civic officials are evaluating plans to best protect public health before, during, and after an eruption.
This Week: Exploring the Deep Blue Sea and the Starry Sky
Authors:   AGU
Published: March 2020

What Earth and space science stories are we recommending this week?
Pushing the Computational Limits of Climate Simulation
Authors: Stanley Sarah
Published: March 2020

Researchers apply a superparameterization technique to boost the accuracy and efficiency of climate predictions generated by the Energy Exascale Earth System Model.
This Week: Adorable Ungulates, Sustainable Agriculture, and COVID
Authors:   AGU
Published: March 2020

What Earth and space science stories are we recommending this week?
Validation and refinement of the revised 2017 European LeukemiaNet genetic risk stratification of acute myeloid leukemia
Authors: Herold Tobias , Rothenberg-Thurley Maja , Grunwald Victoria V. , Janke Hanna , Goerlich Dennis , Sauerland Maria C. , Konstandin Nikola P. , Dufour Annika , Schneider Stephanie , Neusser Michaela , Ksienzyk Bianka , Greif Philipp A. , Subklewe Marion , Faldum Andreas , Bohlander Stefan K. , Braess Jan , Wörmann Bernhard , Krug Utz , Berdel Wolfgang E. , Hiddemann Wolfgang , Spiekermann Karsten , Metzeler Klaus H.
Published: March 2020

The revised 2017 European LeukemiaNet (ELN) recommendations for genetic risk stratification of acute myeloid leukemia have been widely adopted, but have not yet been validated in large cohorts of AML patients. We studied 1116 newly diagnosed AML patients (age range, 18–86 years) who had received induction chemotherapy. Among 771 patients not selected by genetics, the ELN-2017 classification re-assigned 26.5% of patients into a more favorable or, more commonly, a more adverse-risk group compared with the ELN-2010 recommendations. Forty percent of the cohort, and 51% of patients ≥60 years, were classified as adverse-risk by ELN-2017. In 599 patients <60 years, estimated 5-year overall survival (OS) was 64% for ELN-2017 favorable, 42% for intermediate-risk and 20% for adverse-risk patients. Among 517 patients aged ≥60 years, corresponding 5-year OS rates were 37, 16, and 6%. Patients with biallelic CEBPA mutations or inv(16) had particularly favorable outcomes, while patients with mutated TP53 and a complex karyotype had especially poor prognosis. DNMT3A mutations associated with inferior OS within each ELN-2017 risk group. Our results validate the prognostic significance of the revised ELN-2017 risk classification in AML patients receiving induction chemotherapy across a broad age range. Further refinement of the ELN-2017 risk classification is possible.
SNP rs17079281 decreases lung cancer risk through creating an YY1-binding site to suppress DCBLD1 expression
Authors: Wang Yu , Ma Rongna , Liu Ben , Kong Jinyu , Lin Hongyan , Yu Xiao , Wang Ruoyang , Li Lei , Gao Ming , Zhou Baosen , Mohan Man , Yu Herbert , Hou Zhaoyuan , Shen Hongbin , Qian Biyun
Published: March 2020

Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have identified numerous genetic variants that are associated with lung cancer risk, but the biological mechanisms underlying these associations remain largely unknown. Here we investigated the functional relevance of a genetic region in 6q22.2 which was identified to be associated with lung cancer risk in our previous GWAS. We performed linkage disequilibrium (LD) analysis and bioinformatic prediction to screen functional SNPs linked to a tagSNP in 6q22.2 loci, followed by two case-control studies and a meta-analysis with 4403 cases and 5336 controls to identify if these functional SNPs were associated with lung cancer risk. A novel SNP rs17079281 in the DCBLD1 promoter was identified to be associated with lung cancer risk in Chinese populations. Compared with those with C allele, patients with T allele had lower risk of adenocarcinoma (adjusted OR = 0.86; 95% CI: 0.80–0.92), but not squamous cell carcinoma (adjusted OR = 0.99; 95% CI: 0.91–1.10), and patients with the C/T or T/T genotype had lower levels of DCBLD1 expression than those with C/C genotype in lung adenocarcinoma tissues. We performed functional assays to characterize its biological relevance. The results showed that the T allele of rs17079281 had higher binding affinity to transcription factor YY1 than the C allele, which suppressed DCBLD1 expression. DCBLD1 behaved like an oncogene, promoting tumor growth by influencing cell cycle progression. These findings suggest that the functional variant rs17079281C>T decreased lung adenocarcinoma risk by creating an YY1-binding site to suppress DCBLD1 expression, which may serve as a biomarker for assessing lung cancer susceptibility.
Small phytoplankton dominate western North Atlantic biomass
Authors: Bolaños Luis M , Karp-Boss Lee , Choi Chang Jae , Worden Alexandra Z , Graff Jason R , Haëntjens Nils , Chase Alison P , Della Penna Alice , Gaube Peter , Morison Françoise , Menden-Deuer Susanne , Westberry Toby K , O’Malley Robert T , Boss Emmanuel , Behrenfeld Michael J , Giovannoni Stephen J
Published: March 2020

The North Atlantic phytoplankton spring bloom is the pinnacle in an annual cycle that is driven by physical, chemical, and biological seasonality. Despite its important contributions to the global carbon cycle, transitions in plankton community composition between the winter and spring have been scarcely examined in the North Atlantic. Phytoplankton composition in early winter was compared with latitudinal transects that captured the subsequent spring bloom climax. Amplicon sequence variants (ASVs), imaging flow cytometry, and flow-cytometry provided a synoptic view of phytoplankton diversity. Phytoplankton communities were not uniform across the sites studied, but rather mapped with apparent fidelity onto subpolar- and subtropical-influenced water masses of the North Atlantic. At most stations, cells < 20-µm diameter were the main contributors to phytoplankton biomass. Winter phytoplankton communities were dominated by cyanobacteria and pico-phytoeukaryotes. These transitioned to more diverse and dynamic spring communities in which pico- and nano-phytoeukaryotes, including many prasinophyte algae, dominated. Diatoms, which are often assumed to be the dominant phytoplankton in blooms, were contributors but not the major component of biomass. We show that diverse, small phytoplankton taxa are unexpectedly common in the western North Atlantic and that regional influences play a large role in modulating community transitions during the seasonal progression of blooms.
Dose-dense adjuvant chemotherapy in early breast cancer patients: 15-year results of the Phase 3 Mammella InterGruppo (MIG)-1 study
Authors: Blondeaux Eva , Lambertini Matteo , Michelotti Andrea , Conte Benedetta , Benasso Marco , Dellepiane Chiara , Bighin Claudia , Pastorino Simona , Levaggi Alessia , Alonzo Alessia D’ , Poggio Francesca , Buzzatti Giulia , Molinelli Chiara , Fregatti Piero , Bertoglio Sergio , Boccardo Francesco , Del Mastro Lucia
Published: March 2020

Background

Adjuvant chemotherapy is the standard of care in high-risk early breast cancer patients. Dose-dense should be the preferred schedule of administration. However, its long-term benefit is unknown.

Methods

In the Italian multicentre Phase 3 randomised MIG-1 trial, node-positive and high-risk node- negative breast cancer patients were randomised to receive six cycles of adjuvant fluorouracil, epirubicin and cyclophosphamide regimen administered every 3 (FEC21) or 2 (FEC14) weeks. The primary endpoint was overall survival (OS), and the secondary endpoint was event-free survival (EFS).

Results

From 1992 to 1997, 1214 patients were included. Median follow-up was 15.8 years. In all, 15-year OS was 71% and 68% in the FEC14 and FEC21 groups, respectively (HR = 0.89; p = 0.25). In all, 15-year EFS was 47% and 43% in the FEC14 and FEC21 groups, respectively (HR = 0.87; p = 0.18). In a pre-planned subgroup analysis, among patients with hormone receptor-negative tumours, 15-year OS was 70% and 65% in the FEC14 and FEC21 groups, respectively (HR = 0.73; 95% CI: 0.51–1.06); 15-year EFS was 58% and 43% in the FEC14 and FEC21 groups, respectively (HR = 0.70; 95% CI: 0.51–0.96).

Conclusions

Updated results from the MIG-1 study are numerically in favour of dose-dense chemotherapy, and suggest a long-term benefit of this approach in high-risk early breast cancer patients.
Cancer stemness in hepatocellular carcinoma: mechanisms and translational potential
Authors: Tsui Yu-Man , Chan Lo-Kong , Ng Irene Oi-Lin
Published: March 2020

Cancer stemness, referring to the stem-cell-like phenotype of cancer cells, has been recognised to play important roles in different aspects of hepatocarcinogenesis. A number of well-established cell-surface markers already exist for liver cancer stem cells, with potential new markers of liver cancer stem cells being identified. Both genetic and epigenetic factors that affect various signalling pathways are known to contribute to cancer stemness. In addition, the tumour microenvironment—both physical and cellular—is known to play an important role in regulating cancer stemness, and the potential interaction between cancer stem cells and their microenvironment has provided insight into the regulation of the tumour-initiating ability as well as the cellular plasticity of liver CSCs. Potential specific therapeutic targeting of liver cancer stemness is also discussed. With increased knowledge, effective druggable targets might be identified, with the aim of improving treatment outcome by reducing chemoresistance.
PCDHGA9 represses epithelial-mesenchymal transition and metastatic potential in gastric cancer cells by reducing β-catenin transcriptional activity
Authors: Weng Junyong , Li Shanbao , lin Hao , Mei Haitao , Liu Yang , Xiao Chao , Zhu Zhonglin , Cai Weiwei , Ding Xusheng , Mi Yushuai , Wen Yugang
Published: March 2020

Gastric cancer (GC) has a high mortality rate, and metastasis is the main reason for treatment failure. It is important to study the mechanism of tumour invasion and metastasis based on the regulation of key genes. In a previous study comparing the expression differences between GES-1 and SGC-7901 cells, PCDHGA9 was selected for further research. In vitro and in vivo experiments showed that PCDHGA9 inhibited invasion and metastasis. A cluster analysis suggested that PCDHGA9 inhibited epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) through the Wnt/β-catenin and TGF-β pathways. Laser confocal techniques and western blotting revealed that PCDHGA9 inhibited the nuclear translocation of β-catenin, regulated T cell factor (TCF)/ /lymphoid enhancer factor (LEF) transcriptional activity, directly impacted the signal transmission of the TGF-β/Smad2/3 pathway, strengthened the adhesion complex, weakened the effects of TGF-β, and blocked the activation of the Wnt pathway. In addition, PCDHGA9 expression was regulated by methylation, which was closely related to poor clinical prognosis. The aim of this study was to elucidate the molecular mechanism by which PCDHGA9 inhibits EMT and metastasis in GC to provide a new theoretical basis for identifying GC metastasis and a new target for improving the outcome of metastatic GC.
Correction: Clarithromycin inhibits autophagy in colorectal cancer by regulating the hERG1 potassium channel interaction with PI3K
Authors: Petroni Giulia , Bagni Giacomo , Iorio Jessica , Duranti Claudia , Lottini Tiziano , Stefanini Matteo , Kragol Goran , Becchetti Andrea , Arcangeli Annarosa
Published: March 2020

The financial support for this Article was not fully acknowledged. The acknowledgements should have included the following: We thank M. Lulli (University of Florence, Italy) for acquiring images of immunofluorescence-labeled cells. This work was supported by grants from Associazione Italiana per la Ricerca sul Cancro (#15627, #21510 and #19766 to A.A.); PAR FAS—Linea di Azione 1.1—Azione 1.1.2—Bando FAS Salute. 2014 (DD 4042/ 2014) Project OMITERC to A.A.; FAR 2018 to A.B.
Author Correction: The epicardium obscures interpretations on endothelial-to-mesenchymal transition in the mouse atrioventricular canal explant assay
Authors: Criem Nathan , Zwijsen An
Published: March 2020

An amendment to this paper has been published and can be accessed via a link at the top of the paper.
Abnormal left ventricular global strain during exercise-test in young healthy smokers
Authors: Mandraffino Giuseppe , Imbalzano Egidio , Lo Gullo Alberto , Zito Concetta , Morace Carmela , Cinquegrani Maria , Savarino Francesca , Oreto Lilia , Giuffrida Clemente , Carerj Scipione , Squadrito Giovanni
Published: March 2020

Background. It is unknown how much precociously the cigarette smoking (CS) may compromise the integrity of the cardiovascular (CV) system. Myocardial function can be routinely assessed by conventional echocardiography, but abnormalities are only detected when somewhat a remodelling has already occurred. These limitations could be overcome by strain imaging. Methods. We evaluated whether young smokers with normal left ventricular (LV) geometry, wall motion and ejection fraction may present abnormalities in myocardial deformation, both at rest and during physical effort. We selected 50 young smokers with no additional CV risk factors, and 60 non-smokers to undergo a standardized exercise-test. Consistently, we evaluated the CV adaptation to exercise by both conventional echocardiography and speckle-tracking analysis (2D-STE). Results. We found no difference between smokers and controls regarding baseline characteristics; as expected, smokers presented with lower HDL-cholesterol (p < 0.005), and higher fibrinogen, C-reactive protein (CRP), and interleukin-6 (p < 0.001). Conventional echocardiography parameters were not different between groups, while we detected a different behaviour of global longitudinal strain (GLS), global circumferential strain (GCS) and twist by 2D-STE during exercise-test. Indeed, GLS, GCS and twist behaved differently during exercise test in smokers with respect to controls. We found an association between CS, inflammation and LV mechanics changes uncovered by physical effort, and regression analysis confirmed that the intensity of the exposure to cigarette smoking, together with the inflammatory status (CRP, fibrinogen and Il-6) plasma levels, drive this impairment. Conclusions. We confirm strain imaging (2D-STE) as a very useful tool to identify early changes in cardiac mechanics, as adaptation to exercise; our findings may reflect a very precocious functional abnormality in active smokers, likely long before structural damage occurs.
Author Correction: Dendritic cell targeted Ccl3- and Xcl1-fusion DNA vaccines differ in induced immune responses and optimal delivery site
Authors: Lysén Anna , Braathen Ranveig , Gudjonsson Arnar , Tesfaye Demo Yemane , Bogen Bjarne , Fossum Even
Published: March 2020

An amendment to this paper has been published and can be accessed via a link at the top of the paper.
Transcriptome Profile of Nicotinic Receptor-Linked Sensitization of Beta Amyloid Neurotoxicity
Authors: Arora Komal , Belcaid Mahdi , Lantz Megan J. , Taketa Ruth , Nichols Robert A.
Published: March 2020

Understanding the specific gene changes underlying the prodromic stages of Alzheimer’s disease pathogenesis will aid the development of new, targeted therapeutic strategies for this neurodegenerative disorder. Here, we employed RNA-sequencing to analyze global differential gene expression in a defined model nerve cell line expressing α4β2 nicotinic receptors (nAChRs), high-affinity targets for beta amyloid (Aβ). The nAChR-expressing neuronal cells were treated with nanomolar Aβ1–42 to gain insights into the molecular mechanisms underlying Aβ-induced neurotoxicity in the presence of this sensitizing target receptor. We identified 15 genes (out of 15,336) that were differentially expressed upon receptor-linked Aβ treatment. Genes up-regulated with Aβ treatment were associated with calcium signaling and axonal vesicle transport (including the α4 nAChR subunit, the calcineurin regulator RCAN3, and KIF1C of the kinesin family). Downregulated genes were associated with metabolic, apoptotic or DNA repair pathways (including APBA3, PARP1 and RAB11). Validation of the differential expression was performed via qRT-PCR and immunoblot analysis in the defined model nerve cell line and primary mouse neurons. Further verification was performed using immunocytochemistry. In conclusion, we identified apparent changes in gene expression on Aβ treatment in the presence of the sensitizing nAChRs, linked to early-stage Aβ-induced neurotoxicity, which may represent novel therapeutic targets.
Prognostic value of seminal vesicle invasion on preoperative multi-parametric magnetic resonance imaging in pathological stage T3b prostate cancer
Authors: Kim Jung Kwon , Lee Hak Jong , Hwang Sung Il , Choe Gheeyoung , Hong Sung Kyu
Published: March 2020

We aimed to evaluate the prognostic value of seminal vesicle invasion (SVI) on preoperative multiparametric MRI (mpMRI) in pathological T3b prostate cancer (PCa). We retrospectively reviewed the clinical data of patients who underwent preoperative mpMRI and subsequent radical prostatectomy (RP). A total of 159 patients with pathologic T3b PCa were stratified into two groups based on mpMRI findings (negative vs. positive SVI). A positive SVI was defined as the presence of mpMRI evidence of SVI. In addition, 290 patients with pathologic T3a were also included in this study for further comparative analysis. Fifty-two patients (32.7%) had a positive SVI on preoperative mpMRI. Biochemical recurrence (BCR) occurred in a total of 45 (28.3%) patients, with 25 (23.4%) cases in the negative SVI group and 20 (38.5%) cases in the positive SVI group. Kaplan-Meier survival analysis of the two groups revealed significantly decreased BCR-free survival in the positive SVI group (median, 21 vs. 9 months, log-rank test, P < 0.001). On multivariate Cox regression analysis, pre-biopsy PSA (P = 0.035) and positive SVI on preoperative mpMRI (P = 0.049) were identified as significant predictors of BCR. Upon further comparative analysis with the pathologic T3a group, we also found significant differences among the groups throughout the Kaplan-Meier curve (P < 0.001). Conclusively, the unpredicted (negative) SVI group had a favorable BCR-free survival compared to the positive SVI group. In addition, significant differences were observed in the prognosis of pathologic T3a and these two groups. This suggests that pathologic T3b can be stratified into two categories.
Cherry stem infusions: antioxidant potential and phenolic profile by UHPLC-ESI-QTOF-MS
Authors: Peixoto Juliana , Álvarez-Rivera Gerardo , Alves Rita C. , Costa Anabela S. G. , Andrade Nelson , Moreira Andreia , Cifuentes Alejandro , Martel Fátima , Oliveira M. Beatriz P. P. , Ibáñez Elena
Published: March 2020

This study highlights not only the antioxidant potential of cherry stem infusion but also the need to globally harmonize the control and regulation of herbal products.
Highly pseudocapacitive metal–organic framework derived carbon skeleton supported Fe–Ti–O nanotablets as an anode material for efficient lithium storage
Authors: Guo Yumeng , Zhang Lijuan
Published: March 2020

A facile and effective method to fabricate highly pseudocapacitive electrodes of Fe–Ti–O@C has been proposed here.
A broadband and low-power light-control-light effect in a fiber-optic nano-optomechanical system
Authors: Zhang Yu , Zhu Wenguo , Fan Pengpeng , He Yelin , Zhuo Linqing , Che Zhen , Li Dongquan , Zheng Huadan , Dong Linpeng , Tang Jieyuan , Qiu Wentao , Zhang Jun , Zhong Yongchun , Yu Jianhui , Chen Zhe
Published: March 2020

A tapered-nanofibre optomechanical scheme, together with the pump–probe technique, is exploited to implement a broadband and low-power light-control-light effect.
Time-resolved small-angle neutron scattering studies of the thermally-induced exchange of copolymer chains between spherical diblock copolymer nanoparticles prepared via polymerization-induced self-assembly
Authors: Cornel Erik J. , Smith Gregory N. , Rogers Sarah E. , Hallett James E. , Growney David J. , Smith Timothy , O'Hora Paul S. , van Meurs Sandra , Mykhaylyk Oleksandr O. , Armes Steven P.
Published: March 2020

Time-resolved small-angle neutron scattering studies confirm that copolymer chain exchange occurs between sterically-stabilized diblock copolymer nanoparticles at elevated temperature.
Kinetics of the benzyl + HO2 and benzoxyl + OH barrierless association reactions: fate of the benzyl hydroperoxide adduct under combustion and atmospheric conditions
Authors: Monge-Palacios M. , Grajales-González Edwing , Kukkadapu Goutham , Sarathy S. Mani
Published: March 2020

Variable reaction coordinate study of the radical–radical association reactions benzyl + HO2 and benzoxyl + OH forming benzylhydroperoxide.
A hybrid theoretical method for predicting electrokinetic energy conversion in nanochannels
Authors: Hu Xiaoyu , Nan Yiling , Kong Xian , Lu Diannan , Wu Jianzhong
Published: March 2020

Schematic illustration of the hybrid method model.ρis the net charge density calculated from cDFT.vis the velocity calculated from non-equilibrium MD simulation.bandαWare the slipping length and the surface properties, respectively.
Vacancy induced photocatalytic activity of La doped In(OH)3 for CO2 reduction with water vapor
Authors: Wan Ziyao , Hu Maocong , Hu Bingbing , Yan Tao , Wang Kang , Wang Xitao
Published: March 2020

A possible mechanism to explain the impact of La doping on electron transfer process in wide band gap semiconductor In(OH)3.
Hydrodeoxygenation of anisole to benzene over an Fe2P catalyst by a direct deoxygenation pathway
Authors: Wang Shuyuan , Xu Dan , Chen Yunlei , Zhou Song , Zhu Di , Wen Xiaodong , Yang Yong , Li Yongwang
Published: March 2020

Fe2P catalyst was highly selective for the cleavage of C–O bond of anisole via direct deoxygenation pathway.
Enhanced conductivity and structure stability of BiPO4@void@C/CNT particles for high-performance bismuth-based batteries
Authors: Feng Ping , He Shu-Ang , Cui Zhe , Liu Qian , Zou Rujia
Published: March 2020

By homogeneously confining Bi nanoparticles in Li3PO4matrix nanorods, an anode based on BiPO4@void@C/CNT composite exhibits a reversible capacity of ∼347.0 mA h g−1at a high current density of 1000 mA g−1after 530 cycles.
Carbazole-based green and blue-BODIPY dyads and triads as donors for bulk heterojunction organic solar cells
Authors: Yang Jian , Devillers Charles H. , Fleurat-Lessard Paul , Jiang Hao , Wang Shifa , Gros Claude P. , Gupta Gaurav , Sharma Ganesh D. , Xu Haijun
Published: March 2020

Two BODIPY derivatives with one (B2) and two (B3) carbazole moieties were synthesized and applied as electron-donor materials in organic photovoltaic cells (OPV), showing an overall PCE of 6.41% and 7.47%, respectively.
Three metal–organic framework isomers of different pore sizes for selective CO2 adsorption and isomerization studies
Authors: Zhang Rui , Huang Ju-Hua , Meng De-Xian , Ge Fa-Yuan , Wang Li-Fei , Xu Yong-Kai , Liu Xing-Gui , Meng Mei-Mei , Lu Zhen-Zhong , Zheng He-Gen , Huang Wei
Published: March 2020

Three MOF isomers including framework-catenation and framework-topological isomers were synthesized for adsorbing carbon dioxide with high selectivity.
Synergistic effect of Bi-doped exfoliated MoS2 nanosheets on their bactericidal and dye degradation potential
Authors: Qumar U. , Ikram M. , Imran M. , Haider A. , Ul-Hamid A. , Haider J. , Riaz K. N. , Ali S.
Published: March 2020

Nanosheets incorporated with biological reducing agents are widely used to minimize the toxic effects of chemicals.
Understanding the self-templating of hierarchically porous carbon electrocatalysts using Group 2 coordination polymers
Authors: Farber Eliyahu M. , Ojha Kasinath , Burshtein Tomer Y. , Hasson Lihi , Eisenberg David
Published: March 2020

Hierarchical porosity in carbon materials can be realized by self-templating: controlled pyrolysis of well-designed metal–organic precursors.
Self-thermophoresis at the nanoscale using light induced solvation dynamics
Authors: Calero Carles , Sibert III Edwin L. , Rey Rossend
Published: March 2020

The energy deposited in a fluorescence excitation/deexcitation cycle heats the immediate solvent anisotropically propulsing a nanoparticle.
Recent advances in β-l-rhamnosylation
Authors: Rai Diksha , Kulkarni Suvarn S.
Published: March 2020

This review describes various methodologies for the stereoselective 1,2-cis glycosylation of l-rhamnose leading to β-l-rhamnosides and their applications in oligosaccharide synthesis.
Regioselective hydroarylation and arylation of maleimides with indazoles via a Rh(iii)-catalyzed C–H activation
Authors: Ghosh Asim Kumar , Samanta Sadhanendu , Ghosh Payel , Neogi Sukanya , Hajra Alakananda
Published: March 2020

Switchable Rh(iii)-catalyzed highly regioselective hydroarylation and oxidative arylation of maleimides with 2-arylindazoles via C–H activation have been demonstrated.
Iron and copper complexes with antioxidant activity as inhibitors of the metastatic potential of glioma cells
Authors: Guerreiro Joana F. , Gomes Marco Antônio G. B. , Pagliari Francesca , Jansen Jeannette , Marafioti Maria G. , Nistico Clelia , Hanley Rachel , Costa Rafael O. , Ferreira Sarah S. , Mendes Filipa , Fernandes Christiane , Horn Adolfo , Tirinato Luca , Seco Joao
Published: March 2020

Iron and copper complexes with antioxidant activity able to inhibit tumor metastasis by inhibiting epithelial-mesenchymal transition in glioma cells.
Aromaticity and sterics control whether a cationic olefin radical is resistant to disproportionation
Authors: Messelberger Julian , Grünwald Annette , Goodner Stephen J. , Zeilinger Florian , Pinter Piermaria , Miehlich Matthias E. , Heinemann Frank W. , Hansmann Max M. , Munz Dominik
Published: March 2020

Only sterics and aromaticity control whether radical olefin cations are stable.
Nanoporous NiAl-LDH nanosheet arrays with optimized Ni active sites for efficient electrocatalytic alkaline water splitting
Authors: Feng Liangliang , Du Yingying , Huang Jianfeng , Cao Liyun , Feng Li , Feng Yongqiang , Liu Qianqian , Yang Dan , Kajiyoshi Koji
Published: March 2020

A novel nanoporous NiAl-LDH nanosheet array with optimized Ni active sites is prepared for efficient electrocatalytic alkaline water splitting.
From phosphorus nanorods/C to yolk–shell P@hollow C for potassium-ion batteries: high capacity with stable cycling performance
Authors: Huang Xingkang , Sui Xiaoyu , Ji Weixiao , Wang Yale , Qu Deyang , Chen Junhong
Published: March 2020

P vapor concentration was identified to be critical to the formation of yolk/shell P@hollow carbon for high-capacity anodes in potassium-ion batteries.
Nanomaterial based gene delivery: a promising method for plant genome engineering
Authors: Jat Sanjeev K. , Bhattacharya Jaydeep , Sharma Manoj K.
Published: March 2020

Nanomaterials are emerging as a reliable and novel substitute of conventional gene delivery vehicles for plant genetic engineering.
Two different mechanisms of stabilization of regular π-stacks of radicals in switchable dithiazolyl-based materials
Authors: Francese Tommaso , Vela Sergi , Deumal Mercè , Mota Fernando , Novoa Juan J. , Camellone Matteo Farnesi , Fabris Stefano , Havenith Remco W. A. , Broer Ria , Ribas-Arino Jordi
Published: March 2020

Regular π-stacks of dithiazolyl radicals can be rendered stableviatwo different mechanisms depending on the relative disposition of neighboring radicals.