bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Soft Skills of Dental Students’ Competence: What is Important for Patients and How do Students Fare?
Authors: Mohamed AM
Published: June 2017

Aim

This study aims to evaluate the impact of soft skills’ formal assessment on the students’ interpersonal competency as evaluated by their own patients.

Materials and methods

A validated eight-item questionnaire with a 5-point Likert rating scale addressing relevant soft skills and rated by patients was used for two different cohorts of final year dental undergraduate students at the Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. The first cohort (class of 2009) did not receive a formal daily assessment during their clinical work, while the second batch (class of 2011) did. The daily assessment was used as a formative evaluation and included aspects of professionalism, patient empathy and education, organization of work area, and time management.

Results

For all the eight items in the questionnaire, more than 97% (total = 340) of the patients responded positively for both batches (2009 and 2011) of dental students. As for the scores related to specific items, there was improvement in the proportions of patients who were satisfied with all the items for the batch of students who had the formal assessment for their clinical work. These improvements, however, did not demonstrate any statistical significance (p > 0.05).

Conclusion

Patients were equally satisfied with the soft skills among two groups of final year dental students during clinical encounters. The formal assessment of soft skills did not have any impact on the measured outcomes.

Clinical significance

Soft skills are a learning experience for every dental student, which is useful in personal and professional life. An increase in health service and competitive dental practices emphasizes the need for soft skills to understand the dynamics of workplace and use of soft skills.

How to cite this article

Mohamed AM, Abdullah D, Dom TNM. Soft Skills of Dental Students’ Competence: What is Important for Patients and How do Students Fare? World J Dent 2017;8(3):157-163.
Comparative Evaluation of the Four most commonly used Pediatric Liquid Formulations in Ahmedabad City: An in vitro Study
Authors: Venkataraghavan Karthik
Published: June 2017

Introduction

This study was conducted to assess the cariogenic potential of pediatric liquid medicaments (PLMs) of Allopathic, Homeopathic, Ayurvedic, and Unani formulations specifically in Ahmedabad.

Materials and methods

Four commonly used PLMs were selected based on a survey. Thirty-nine exfoliated deciduous teeth samples were placed in selected PLM for 1 minute, 10 minutes, and 8 hours and observed under scanning electron microscope to check the erosive potential. Their endogenous pH, calcium dissolution potential, viscosity, and type and amount of sugar were checked.

Results

In all the four groups, a specific type of enamel prism pattern was seen in all the samples irrespective of magnification and immersion time. However, the degree of erosion increases with the increase in immersion time. All the four syrups were acidic in nature. Lowest pH (3.73) and highest calcium dissolution (7.106) were seen in Saduri®. Viscosity was higher with Benadryl® mainly due to high sugar content (36.10), especially glucose (27.21).

Conclusion

All the PLMs used in this study showed an erosive effect on the primary enamel surface though major effect was seen with Saduri®.

Clinical significance

With respect to this study, Unani medications are most cariogenic for the teeth among all the four types of medications in children.

How to cite this article

Shah V, Venkataraghavan K, Choudhary P, Trivedi K, Shah S, Bhandi S. Comparative Evaluation of the Four most commonly used Pediatric Liquid Formulations in Ahmedabad City: An in vitro Study. World J Dent 2017;8(3):190-195.
Effects of Bleaching Agents on the Microhardness and Surface Roughness of Bulk Fill Composites
Authors: Pradeep K
Published: June 2017

Aim

The aim was to compare the effect of 10 and 20% carbamide peroxide (CP) on microhardness (MHN) and surface roughness of two commercially available bulk fill composites (X-tra fill Bulk Fill and Tetric EvoCeram Bulk Fill).

Materials and methods

A total of 50 specimens with both type composites were prepared using brass molds of inner diameter 10 mm and a height of 4 mm. Each type of composite was further divided into three groups, control group stored in artificial saliva for 14 days, other groups bleached with 10 and 20% CP respectively, for 14 days. Microhardness of the composite resin was tested with a Vickers hardness tester, whereas surface roughness was tested with profilometer.

Results

All the analysis was performed using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences version 18. The value of p < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Both 10 and 20% CP significantly reduced MHN of experimental composite resins. However, the mean surface roughness was significantly higher in X-tra fill Bulk Fill than Tetric EvoCeram Bulk Fill at 20% CP concentration. The mean MHN of Tetric EvoCeram was reduced when compared with X-tra fill at 20% CP.

Conclusion

There was a significant reduction in the MHN of restorative materials observed after exposure to CP under a clinically simulated bleaching regimen. However, increase in surface roughness was seen only at 20% CP.

Clinical significance

The physical properties, such as MHN and surface roughness have a crucial effect on the longevity of restorations and, moreover, on the esthetic demands of patients, but they may be compromised by bleaching treatments. The aim of this research paper was to assess the reaction of home bleaching agents on the physical properties of two Bulk Fill composite resin restorative materials.

How to cite this article

Francis G, Pradeep K, Ginjupalli K, Saraswathi V. Effects of Bleaching Agents on the Microhardness and Surface Roughness of Bulk Fill Composites. World J Dent 2017;8(3):196-201.
Tumor-associated Collagen Signatures: An Insight
Authors: Pavithra V
Published: June 2017

Tumor microenvironment has a diverse capability to induce both beneficial and adverse consequences for tumorigenesis. It is a multifactorial process induced by the imbalance in the tumor cells and extracellular matrix (ECM). Collagen, the main component of ECM, is traditionally regarded as a passive barrier to resist tumor cell invasion. In recent years, collagen is marked to have its pivotal role to initiate and promote tumor progression. Remodeling of collagen has been appreciated in various benign and malignant tumors. These alterations can be identified and demonstrated as tumor-associated collagen signatures that can be demonstrated using second harmonic generation imaging. Recognition of these characteristic changes in the organization of collagen fiber may potentially serve as an early diagnostic marker in various pathological processes, such as hyperplastic, dysplastic, and cancerous tissues. This review focuses on the physiological and pathological orientation of collagen fibers in relation to epithelium that acts as an image-based biomarker.

How to cite this article

Pavithra V, Sowmya SV, Rao RS, Patil S, Augustine D, Haragannavar VC, Nambiar S. Tumorassociated Collagen Signatures: An Insight. World J Dent 2017;8(3):224-230.
Effect of Sandblasting Angle and Distance on Biaxial Flexural Strength of Zirconia-based Ceramics
Authors: Ghodsi Safoura , Zeighami Somayeh , Gheidari Ali , Mahgoli Hoseinali , Rohanian Ahmad
Published: June 2017

Aim

Surface treatment is necessarily required for bonding of zirconia to the veneering porcelain and luting cements. Sandblasting is the most common and probably the most efficient surface treatment method. Sandblasting roughens the surface and may affect the flexural strength of zirconia. Different sandblasting protocols may yield variable results. This study sought to assess the effect of sandblasting angle and distance on the biaxial flexural strength of zirconia-based ceramics.

Materials and methods

Thisin vitroexperimental study was conducted on 50 zirconia discs measuring 1.2 ± 0.2 mm in thickness and 15 ± 0.2 mm in diameter, which were randomly divided into five groups (n = 10) of one control and four experimental groups subjected to sandblasting with 110 µm aluminum oxide particles under 2 bar pressure for 10 seconds at 15 and 25 mm distances and 45 and 90° angles (between the nozzle head and zirconia surface). Surface roughness was measured by a roughness tester and samples were subjected to thermocycling followed by biaxial flexural strength testing according to ISO6872. The data were analyzed using one-way analysis of variance (p < 0.05).

Results

No statistically significant difference was noted in the mean biaxial flexural strength of the five groups (p = 0.40). Different sandblasting protocols yielded significantly different surface roughness values (p < 0.001). The highest and the lowest mean surface roughness belonged to 15 mm/90° (0.51 µm) and control (0.001 µm) groups respectively.

Conclusion

Change in sandblasting angle and distance had no significant effect on the biaxial flexural strength of zirconiabased ceramic, but surface roughness was significantly different in the study groups.

Clinical significances

Regardless of sandblasting angle, increasing distance to 25 mm significantly decreases surface roughness that may negatively affect zirconia bond strength.

How to cite this article

Zeighami S, Gheidari A, Mahgoli H, Rohanian A, Ghodsi S. Effect of Sandblasting Angle and Distance on Biaxial Flexural Strength of Zirconia-based Ceramics. J Contemp Dent Pract 2017;18(6):443-447.
Study of Combined Laparoscopic and Hysteroscopic Findings in 100 Cases of Infertility
Authors: Jodha BS , Chawla Preeti
Published: June 2017

Objectives

To study the role of combined diagnostic laparoscopy and hysteroscopy in evaluation of female infertility.

To find out different factors associated with infertility.

To provide concurrent therapeutic management.

Materials and methods

A total of 100 women underwent combined diagnostic laparoscopy and simultaneous diagnostic hysteroscopy during the period from January 2015 to December 2015 in the Obstetrics and Gynecology Department, Umaid Hospital, Dr. Sampurnanand Medical College, Jodhpur, Rajasthan, India.

Results

Age ranged from 21 to 38 years, and mean age was 25.98 years. Abnormal laparoscopic findings were noted in 41% cases, abnormal hysteroscopy seen in 24% cases, and 17% cases showed abnormality in both. Bilateral tubal patency was demonstrated in 81% cases. Tubal blockage was bilateral in 5% and unilateral in 9% cases. In 2% cases, bilateral block with beaded appearance found suggestive of tuberculosis. Of total 100 cases, 12% cases were found to have endometriosis, 8% had polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS), chocolate cyst was found in 5% cases, and 7% had functional cyst of ovary. Pelvic adhesions were found in 15% patients. Myomas were found in 8% cases. Endometrial polyps were revealed in 5% and Asherman’s syndrome in 6% patients. Combined laparoscopy and hysteroscopy was diagnostic in 17% of cases, 41% were diagnosed through laparoscopy alone, 24% through hysteroscopy alone, while in 18% cases findings were normal. In our study, tuboperitoneal factors were responsible for infertility in 40% cases, ovarian factors in 26% cases, and PCOS in 8% cases.

Conclusion

In our study, 74% of the cases had some form of tubo-ovarian pathology, which makes laparoscopy an essential tool of infertility workup. Although hysteroscopy alone was diagnostic in 30% of cases, its simultaneous use with laparoscopy provides cost-effective, comprehensive, and single setup diagnostic aid in these kinds of patients.

How to cite this article

Jodha BS, Chawla P. Study of Combined Laparoscopic and Hysteroscopic Findings in 100 Cases of Infertility. Int J Gynecol Endsc 2017;1(1):5-10.
Laparoscopic Management of Large Ovarian Cysts
Authors: Doopadapalli Divyasree , Beeresh CS , Vimala KR , lingegowda Krishna
Published: June 2017

Introduction

Large ovarian cysts are conventionally managed by laparotomy. This study was undertaken to assess the feasibility and outcome of laparoscopic surgery for the management of large ovarian cysts.

Settings and design

Rural teaching hospital – prospective study.

Materials and methods

Thirty-eight patients from January 2014 to December 2016 presumed to be with large ovarian cyst were managed laparoscopically. Preliminary evaluation suggestive to be of benign ovarian cyst by history, clinical examination, sonographic imaging, and basic serum marker were only included in this study. The cysts were aspirated initially, followed by cystectomy, oophorectomy, or total hysterectomy depending on age, parity, coexisting pathology, and desire for future fertility.

Results

Out of 38 cases, 6 were nonovarian adnexal masses. Eight of the 32 cases who presented with pain due to torsion were managed on emergency basis; rest of the cases were operated electively. Mean operating time was 90 minutes. Mean size of the cyst was 16 cm. One case of borderline malignancy was detected and the rest showed benign pathology. Six of the cases required minilaparotomy for specimen removal. Most women were successfully treated laparoscopically without any complications, and conversion to laparotomy was required in three cases.

Conclusion

With proper patient selection and exclusion of malignancy, laparoscopic management of large ovarian cyst by gynecologist is feasible.

How to cite this article

Beeresh CS, Doopadapalli D, Vimala KR, Lingegowda K. Laparoscopic Management of Large Ovarian Cysts. Int J Gynecol Endsc 2017;1(1):18-21.
Leiomyosarcoma in a Posthysterectomy Patient
Authors: Hegde Sujay , Sawapure Naina
Published: June 2017

Leiomyosarcoma is an aggressive soft tissue sarcoma derived from smooth muscle cells. Uterus is the commonest location for a leiomyosarcoma. They may either arise de novo from uterine musculature or the connective tissue of uterine blood vessels, or in a pre-existing benign leiomyoma and are associated with poor outcome. A 45 year patient presented with mass per abdomen. She had under gone laparoscopic hysterectomy three years back for menorrhagia. A provisional diagnosis of ovarian neoplasm was made based on the ultrasonography and CT scan report, but tumour markers were negative. Staging laparotomy was done, mass removed in toto, infracolic omentectomy, appendectomy and bilateral ureteric dissection was done. Post operatively, patient recovered well. Histopathological analysis was suggestive of leiomyosarcoma FNCLCC grade 3. Patient was advised radiation and is on regular follow up with the oncosurgeon.

How to cite this article

Agarwal M, Hegde S, Sawapure N. Leiomyosarcoma in a Posthysterectomy Patient. Int J Gynecol Endsc 2017;1(1):50-52.
Response of trace gases to the disrupted 2015–2016 quasi-biennial oscillation
Authors: Tweedy Olga V. , Kramarova Natalya A. , Strahan Susan E. , Newman Paul A. , Coy Lawrence , Randel William J. , Park Mijeong , Waugh Darryn W. , Frith Stacey M.
Published: June 2017

Abstract. The quasi-biennial oscillation (QBO) is a quasiperiodic alternation between easterly and westerly zonal winds in the tropical stratosphere, propagating downward from the middle stratosphere to the tropopause with a period that varies from 24 to 32 months ( ∼  28 months on average). The QBO wind oscillations affect the distribution of chemical constituents, such as ozone (O3), water vapor (H2O), nitrous oxide (N2O), and hydrochloric acid (HCl), through the QBO-induced meridional circulation. In the 2015–2016 winter, radiosonde observations revealed an anomaly in the downward propagation of the westerly phase, which was disrupted by the upward displacement of the westerly phase from  ∼  30 hPa up to 15 hPa and the sudden appearance of easterlies at 40 hPa. Such a disruption is unprecedented in the observational record from 1953 to the present. In this study we show the response of trace gases to this QBO disruption using O3, HCl, H2O, and temperature from the Aura Microwave Limb Sounder (MLS) and total ozone measurements from the Solar Backscatter Ultraviolet (SBUV) Merged Ozone Data Set (MOD). Results reveal the development of positive anomalies in stratospheric equatorial O3 and HCl over  ∼  50–30 hPa in May–September of 2016 and a substantial decrease in O3 in the subtropics of both hemispheres. The SBUV observations show near-record low levels of column ozone in the subtropics in 2016, resulting in an increase in the surface UV index during northern summer. Furthermore, cold temperature anomalies near the tropical tropopause result in a global decrease in stratospheric water vapor.
Disk and circumsolar radiances in the presence of ice clouds
Authors: Haapanala Päivi , Räisänen Petri , McFarquhar Greg M. , Tiira Jussi , Macke Andreas , Kahnert Michael , DeVore John , Nousiainen Timo
Published: June 2017

Abstract. The impact of ice clouds on solar disk and circumsolar radiances is investigated using a Monte Carlo radiative transfer model. The monochromatic direct and diffuse radiances are simulated at angles of 0 to 8° from the center of the sun. Input data for the model are derived from measurements conducted during the 2010 Small Particles in Cirrus (SPARTICUS) campaign together with state-of-the-art databases of optical properties of ice crystals and aerosols. For selected cases, the simulated radiances are compared with ground-based radiance measurements obtained by the Sun and Aureole Measurements (SAM) instrument. First, the sensitivity of the radiances to the ice cloud properties and aerosol optical thickness is addressed. The angular dependence of the disk and circumsolar radiances is found to be most sensitive to assumptions about ice crystal roughness (or, more generally, non-ideal features of ice crystals) and size distribution, with ice crystal habit playing a somewhat smaller role. Second, in comparisons with SAM data, the ice cloud optical thickness is adjusted for each case so that the simulated radiances agree closely (i.e., within 3 %) with the measured disk radiances. Circumsolar radiances at angles larger than ≈ 3° are systematically underestimated when assuming smooth ice crystals, whereas the agreement with the measurements is better when rough ice crystals are assumed. Our results suggest that it may well be possible to infer the particle roughness directly from ground-based SAM measurements. In addition, the results show the necessity of correcting the ground-based measurements of direct radiation for the presence of diffuse radiation in the instrument's field of view, in particular in the presence of ice clouds.
Chemical characterization and synergetic source apportionment of PM2.5 at multiple sites in the Beijing–Tianjin–Hebei region, China
Authors: Huang Xiaojuan , Liu Zirui , Liu Jingyun , Hu Bo , Wen Tianxue , Tang Guiqian , Zhang Junke , Wu Fangkun , Ji Dongsheng , Wang Lili , Wang Yuesi
Published: June 2017

Abstract. High frequencies of haze in China, especially in the Beijing–Tianjin–Hebei region, have received widespread attention in recent years. In this study, samples of filtered atmospheric fine particulate matter (PM2.5) were collected synchronously at three urban sites (Beijing, Tianjin, and Shijiazhuang) and at a regional background site (Xinglong) for one month during each season from June 2014 to April 2015. Chemical composition determination/analysis, chemical mass closure, positive matrix factorization (PMF) and backward trajectory clustering were employed to investigate the chemical speciation, haze formation mechanism, emission sources, and influences of regional transport in North China. Our results reported that the aerosol chemical compositions were very similar at the urban sites and the background site and mainly comprised organic matter (16.0 %–25.0 %), sulfate (14.4 %–20.5 %), nitrate (15.1 %–19.5 %), ammonium (11.6 %–13.1 %) and mineral dust (14.7 %–20.8 %). Sources apportionment of PM2.5 by PMF model revealed that secondary aerosols (background) and secondary inorganic aerosols (urban) were the dominant sources, which accounted for 29.2 %–45.1 % of PM2.5 throughout the entire study and played a vital role in the formation and development of haze pollution. Emissions of motor vehicle exhaust exerted a significant impact on haze formation at urban sites, particularly at Beijing; and coal combustion also played an dominant role in winter, especially at Shijiazhuang. Backward trajectory analysis revealed that haze pollution has remarkable regional characteristics and usually occurs when air masses originated from polluted industrial regions of the south prevailed, which accompanied by high PM2.5 loadings with high contributions of secondary aerosols. This study suggests that the control strategies to mitigate the haze formation in BTH region should be focused on the emission reduction of gaseous precursors from fossil fuel combustion, particularly from motor vehicles by improving the quality of oil products.
Profiling of Saharan dust from the Caribbean to West Africa, Part 2: Shipborne lidar measurements versus forecasts
Authors: Ansmann Albert , Rittmeister Franziska , Engelmann Ronny , Basart Sara , Benedetti Angela , Spyrou Christos , Skupin Annett , Baars Holger , Seifert Patric , Senf Fabian , Kanitz Thomas
Published: June 2017

Abstract. A unique 4-week ship cruise from Guadeloupe to Cabo Verde in April–May 2013 (see part 1, Rittmeister et al., 2017) is used for an in-depth comparison of dust profiles observed with a polarization/Raman lidar aboard the German research vessel Meteor over the remote tropical Atlantic and respective dust forecasts of a regional (SKIRON) and two global atmospheric (dust) transport models (NMMB/BSC-Dust, MACC/CAMS). New options of model-observation comparisons are presented. We analyze how well the modeled fine dust (submicrometer particles) and coarse dust contributions to light extinction and mass concentration match respective lidar observations, and to what extent models, adjusted to aerosol optical thickness observations, are able to reproduce the observed layering and mixing of dust and non-dust (mostly marine) aerosol components over the remote tropical Atlantic. Based on the coherent set of dust profiles at well defined distances from Africa (without any disturbance by anthropogenic aerosol sources over the ocean) we investigate how accurately the models handle dust removal at distances of 1500 km to more than 5000 km west of the Saharan dust source regions. It was found that (a) dust predictions are of acceptable quality for the first several days after dust emission up to 2000 km west of the African continent, (b) the removal of dust from the atmosphere is too strong for large transport paths in the global models, and (c) the simulated fine-to-coarse dust ratio (in terms of mass concentration and light extinction) is too high in the models compared to the observations. This deviation is already given close to the dust sources and then increases with distance from Africa.
Does Nonstationarity in Rainfall Requires Nonstationary Intensity-Duration-Frequency Curves?
Authors: Ganguli Poulomi , Coulibaly Paulin
Published: June 2017

Abstract. In Canada, increased risk of flooding due to heavy rainfall has risen in recent decades; most notable example include July 2013 storm in Greater Toronto region. We investigate nonstationarity and trends in the short-duration precipitation extremes in selected urbanized locations in Southern Ontario, Canada, and evaluate the potential of nonstationary Intensity-Duration-Frequency (IDF) curves, which form an input to civil infrastructural design. Despite apparent signals of nonstationarity in precipitation extremes in all locations, the stationary versus nonstationary models do not exhibit any significant differences in the design storm intensity. The signatures of nonstationarity in rainfall extremes do not necessarily imply the use of nonstationary IDFs for design considerations. When comparing the proposed IDFs with current design standards, for return periods (10-year or less) typical for urban drainage design, current design standards require an update up to 11 %, whereas for longer recurrence intervals (50–100-year), ideal for critical civil infrastructural design, updates ranging between ~ 2 to 30 % are suggested. We further emphasize that above findings need re-evaluation in light of climate change projections since intensity and frequency of extreme precipitation are expected to intensify due to global warming.
Comparison of lightning activity in the two most active areas of the Congo Basin
Authors: Kigotsi Jean K. , Soula Serge , Georgis Jean-François
Published: June 2017

Abstract. A comparison of the lightning activity in the two most active areas (Area_max for the main maximum and Area_sec for the secondary maximum) in the Congo Basin is made with data obtained by the WWLLN during 2012 and 2013. Both areas of same size (5° × 5°) exhibit flash counts in a ratio of about 1.32 for both years and very different distributions of the flash density with maximum in a ratio of 1.941 and 2.585 for 2012 and 2013, respectively. The diurnal cycle is much more pronounced in Area_max than in Area_sec with a ratio between the maximum and the minimum of 15.4 and 4.7, respectively. However, the minimum and maximum of the hourly flash rates are observed roughly at the same time in both areas, between 07:00 and 09:00 UTC and between 16:00 and 17:00 UTC, respectively. In Area_sec the number of days with very low activity (0–1000 flashes per day) is very large (164 days) and that with larger activity decreases very rapidly. In Area_max the number of day decreases more slowly and is larger for most of levels of lightning activity. The correlation at the daily scale between the lightning activity in Area_max and that in Area_sec is weak but positive. In summary, the thunderstorm activity in Area_sec is more variable at different scales of time (monthly and daily), in intensity and in location.
Multi-scale event synchronization analysis for unravelling climate processes: A wavelet-based approach
Authors: Agarwal Ankit , Marwan Norbert , Rathinasamy Maheswaran , Merz Bruno , Kurths Jürgen
Published: June 2017

Abstract. The temporal dynamics of climate processes are spread across different time scales and, as such, the study of these processes only at one selected time scale might not reveal the complete mechanisms and interactions within and between the (sub-) processes. For capturing the nonlinear interactions between climatic events, the method of event synchronization has found increasing attention recently. The main drawback with the present estimation of event synchronization is its restriction to analyse the time series at one reference time scale only. The study of event synchronization at multiple scales would be of great interest to comprehend the dynamics of the investigated climate processes. In this paper, wavelet based multi-scale event synchronization (MSES) method is proposed by combining the wavelet transform and event synchronization. Wavelets are used extensively to comprehend multi-scale processes and the dynamics of processes across various time scales. The proposed method allows the study of spatio-temporal patterns across different time scales. The method is tested on synthetic and real-world time series in order to check its replicability and applicability. The results indicate that MSES is able to capture relationships that exist between processes at different time scales.
Heavy-mineral derived provenance study of Quaternary sediments of the Mazovian Lowland, Central Poland
Authors: Kalińska-Nartiša Edyta , Nartišs Māris
Published: June 2017

This study makes an attempt to characterise Quaternary sediments in terms of their heavy minerals (HM) composition. Authors focus on the Mazovian Lowland, Central Poland, where a number of clastic sediments of different age and origin overlap. Five sedimentary settings, covering the Saalian-Holocene (MIS 1-6) time frame, have been studied to reveal whether these sediments have single or multiple source areas and to decipher sediment transformations. In the glacial setting either garnet- or amphibole-dominated sediments occur. This unequivocal mineral combination likely reflects a multi-sourcing resulting from multi-directional ice advance. The HM taken from fan-like forms and aeolian sediments are closely related; these sediments are largely multicyclic and likely derived from pre-existing recycling sediments. Similar mineral suite is also typical for long-lasting aeolian processes and is observed in dune sediments. Ultrastable components are less frequent in the coversand, which points at a shorter-lived aeolian process. Finally, the fluvial setting reveals multi-sourcing largely depending on local geological conditions.
Participación en redes organizacionales y uso de las tecnologías de la información y la comunicación, un estudio de su impacto en los resultados de la cooperativas de enseñanza de la comunidad valenciana
Authors: Campos Climent Vanessa , Navarro Babiera Cristina
Published: June 2017

Las cooperativas de enseñanza o escuelas cooperativas forman parte de uno de los sectores más desconocidos dentro del sistema educativo valenciano. Estas cooperativas van más allá de suponer una mera realidad de empresas prósperas, aparecen en el panorama educativo como un modelo organizacional alternativo de la enseñanza con una clara vocación transformadora. Inmersas en otras concepciones de la educación dentro del propio sistema, las cooperativas de enseñanza plantean una oferta educativa sensiblemente diferente a la que podemos considerar tradicional, siendo generadoras de valor económico y social. Por este motivo, puede resultar relevante determinar los factores que influyen sobre los resultados económicos y sociales de estas organizaciones. Así, el objetivo del presente estudio es analizar los efectos de dos herramientas de apoyo en la gestión como son: el uso de las tecnologías de la información y la comunicación (TICs) y la participación en redes organizacionales sobre los resultados tanto económicos como sociales de las cooperativas de enseñanza. En base a un estudio empírico sobre una muestra de 23 cooperativas de enseñanza de la Comunidad Valenciana, esta investigación muestra la existencia de una relación significativa entre el uso de las TICs y los resultados económicos de las cooperativas de enseñanza valencianas. Mientras que no fue posible establecer una relación significativa entre el uso de las TICs y el resultado social de las mismas. Asimismo, tampoco se pudo establecer la existencia de una relación significativa entre la participación de las cooperativas de enseñanza valencianas en redes organizacionales y sus resultados tanto económicos como sociales.
CONTRIBUIÇÕES DO PENSAMENTO FREIREANO PARA A ESCOLARIZAÇÃO DE MULHERES TRABALHADORAS NA EDUCAÇÃO DE JOVENS E ADULTOS
Authors: Ferreira Godinho Ana Cláudia , Aparecida Brandão Nagela , Mesquita de Noronha Ana Catharina
Published: June 2017

Neste artigo, analisamos as contribuições da educação popular para a escolarização de mulheres na EJA, em especial no que se refere à problematização de suas experiências de trabalho. Apresentamos reflexões produzidas a partir de um estudo de caráter etnográfico, realizado em duas escolas públicas de Belo Horizonte - MG. Os resultados indicam que as experiências das mulheres, inclusive das estudantes sujeitos de pesquisa, são de trabalho precário. Diante disso, a sala de aula de EJA é, para muitas, o único espaço de problematização destas experiências para a compreensão das relações sociais que constituem o trabalho humano. Compreender essas questões pode contribuir para que as mulheres trabalhadoras deixem de atribuir a si mesmas a responsabilidade por todas as condições precárias de trabalho em que vivem e por não terem a escolaridade completa.
O DIÁLOGO TRANSFORMADOR A PARTIR DA PEDAGOGIA DA ESPERANÇA DE PAULO FREIRE
Authors: Galli Ernesto Ferreira , Braga Fabiana Marini
Published: June 2017

O presente trabalho se caracteriza por uma pesquisa bibliográfica que pretendeu responder a um dos objetivos da dissertação de mestrado “O diálogo em Paulo Freire: uma análise a partir da Pedagogia do oprimido e da Pedagogia da esperança”, referente ao conceito de diálogo na Pedagogia da esperança. Para a sua realização foi utilizada a metodologia de analise de conteúdo que foi elaborada a partir das palavras e trechos que se relacionaram com os radicais dial. e diál. durante toda a obra. O diálogo na Pedagogia da esperança apresenta características que representam o contexto e a vivência do autor na escrita da Pedagogia do Oprimido e da referida obra aqui abordada, definindo-se como a grande transformação do mundo por meio da democracia, da unidade na diversidade, da/o professora/a, da consciência, do aprendizado e do silêncio.
EDUCAÇÃO EM SAÚDE COM APRENDIZADO NA PRÁTICA: O PROGRAMA DE APRIMORAMENTO PROFISSIONAL DO ESTADO DE SÃO PAULO
Authors: Eserian Jaqueline Kalleian , Lombardo Márcia
Published: June 2017

O Programa de Aprimoramento Profissional (PAP) é uma modalidade de capacitação profissional que enfoca o aprendizado na prática sob a supervisão de profissionais qualificados desenvolvido em instituições de saúde do estado de São Paulo. O programa visa capacitar o aluno de maneira diferenciada na área da saúde, sendo destinado principalmente a recém-formados. O objetivo deste trabalho é divulgar as características deste programa como forma de educação em saúde. Entre as instituições participantes, estão institutos de pesquisa vinculados à Secretaria de Saúde do Estado de São Paulo, universidades e centros de referência com atendimentos especializados, perfazendo 53 instituições com cerca de 450 programas de aprimoramento profissional. O programa proporciona formação profissional baseada nas diretrizes preconizadas pelo Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS), colaborando para o desenvolvimento dos serviços de saúde prestados à população. O PAP se caracteriza como uma excelente oportunidade de educação em saúde, preparando o aluno para a entrada no mercado de trabalho.
Calidad de vida, nivel de salud percibido y factores sociodemográficos en personas con artritis reumatoide
Authors: Gómez Ramírez Olga Janneth , Gómez Ramírez Arlen Patricia
Published: June 2017

Objetivo: determinar la relación entre la calidad de vida, el nivel de salud y los factores sociodemográficos en personas con artritis reumatoide (AR). Materiales y método: estudio correlacional explicativo. Se realizó una entrevista directa en el momento de la consulta de enfermería antes del control médico de reumatología. A través de un muestreo intencional no probabilístico de sujetos tipo se contó con la participación de 635 personas. Resultados: se encontró una frecuencia de presentación de AR mayor en mujeres (87%). También se evidenció una correlación positiva (0,596; P<0,001) entre calidad de vida y nivel de salud. Sociodemográficamente, las mujeres con educación básica y bajo estrato socioeconómico presentan una menor percepción de calidad de vida y nivel de salud. Estas variables se sometieron a un proceso de prueba con el uso de un modelo Path de análisis de covarianza. Conclusiones: las condiciones sociales que viven las personas con AR son factores que determinan la puesta en marcha de acciones de intervención dirigidas a solucionar la problemática de la calidad de vida en esta población.
Gender and Ethnic bias in Letters of Recommendation: Considerations for School Counselors
Authors: Akos Patrick , Kretchmar Jennifer
Published: June 2017

School counselors write letters of recommendation for students pursuing postsecondary education and help teachers and staff prepare for this task. Although letters of recommendation may impact admission and scholarship opportunities, research about equity and bias in letters is minimal as compared to standardized tests, teacher expectations, and grading practices. In this study, researchers analyzed letters of recommendation for evidence of gender and racial bias. Results demonstrate small but significant differences by gender and race in the average length of letters as well as the types of language used to describe students. This article discusses implications for school counselors.
Presentación
Authors: Rodríguez Wendy Bellanger
Published: June 2017

Los problemas ecológicos ocasionados por la actividad económica humana están empeorando y aumentando a niveles inaceptables. Ejemplos claros y muy importantes son los cambios climáticos, el desgaste de la capa de ozono y la mortandad masiva en algunas especies de la fauna marina. Una característica común de estos fenómenos es que suceden a nivel regional y global. Como resultado de esta situación, la preocupación social por la problemática ecológica global ha sido uno de los temas sociales recurrentes de la década actual. Temas como el medio ambiente, la conservación de los recursos naturales, el desarrollo sostenible y la biodiversidad están ahora latentes en la convergencia entre la ciencia y las políticas gubernamentales. El tema de la biodiversidad, en particular, se nos presenta como un gran desafío que deberá ser abordado conjuntamente tanto por científicos sociales como por científicos de las áreas biológicas.
Influencia de los parámetros ambientales en el crecimiento de camarones Litopenaeus en el sistema de cultivo semi-intensivo, en la granja " Campa S.A."
Authors: Guerrero Pablo , Gutiérrez Gutiérrez Mario A. , Lezama López Martín
Published: June 2017

La influencia de parámetros ambientales (físico-químicos) en el desarrollo de camarones Litopeneidos cultivados en el período seco, en una granja cuyo sistema productivo es semi-intensivo, se muestra en las variaciones de su crecimiento. La salinidad el parámetro de mayor influencia, dado que sus fluctuaciones resultaron estadísticamente significativas en tres de los cuatro estanques de producción de camarones de exportación, muestreados en este estudio. La salinidad resultó ser el factor ambiental que mejor explica las variaciones del crecimiento de camarones cultivados (95.4%« c 99.3%, 0.005 c P 0.099), funcionando como parámetro de predicción del crecimiento de ésta especie. El estudio se realizó en la empresa productora de Camarones Camarones del Pacífico S.A (CAMPA S.A), el período comprendido entre octubre/ 1996 a marzo/ 1997.
Monitoreo de tortugas marinas Lepidochelis olivaceae (paslama) en playa La Flor - Rivas
Authors: Gutiérrez Celia María
Published: June 2017

La tortuga marina Lepidochelis olivaceae desova en forma masiva, solamente en seis playas del mundo. Nicaragua cuenta con dos de estas playas en los sitios geográficos llamados ' “Chacocente", en el Departamento de Carazo y "La Flor", en San Juan del Sur. Esta especie de tortuga se caracteriza por presentar un movimiento sincronizado para su anidación en la playa, el cual se ha denominado arribadas. Durante 5 años consecutivos se realizó en el refugio de vida silvestre "La Flor", un monitoreo de la población anidante y se encontró que cada año durante el período de julio a enero, visitan esta playa aproximadamente, 3,000 a 12,000 tortugas, reportándose entre septiembre y octubre el pico más alto de la población anidante. Paralelo a este estudio, se realizó un diagnóstico rápido en las comunidades aledañas al refugio, el cual refleja que es una práctica tradicional de los pobladores, la extracción de huevos de tortuga para el consumo de la familia y para el comercio. Se considera, sin embargo, que esta práctica no representa económicamente una dependencia absoluta, ya que la población tiene otros tipos de actividades agropecuarias que contribuyen a su subsistencia.
Zoogeografía íctica de lagunas cratéricas de Nicaragua
Authors: Waid R.M. , Raesly R.L. , McKaye K.R. , McCrary J.K.
Published: June 2017

En ocho lagunas cratéricas volcánicas de Nicaragua se observan 20 nuevos records distribucionales de especies de peces. Estas lagunas, de origen relativamente reciente, son dominadas por peces secundarios de agua dulce, especialmente de las familias Cichlidae y Poeciliidae. Se considera que el origen de los peces proviene de poblaciones de los más viejos y Grandes Lagos de Nicaragua. En las lagunas se encontró entre 3 a 16 especies ícticas. Esta riqueza íctica se correlaciona con un orden modificado de las edades de las lagunas (P=0.011) y con un orden modificado del área de superficie (P=0.013).
Fiebre del oro blanco: la cocaína
Authors: Marín Argüello Iván
Published: June 2017

La planta de coca, Erythroxylon coca es cultivada en la zona occidental de América del Sur exigiendo condiciones de suelo muy particulares. La mezcla de las hojas de cocaína con sustancias químicas origina un polvo cristalino blanco, conocido comúnmente como cocaína. Al producto obtenido del tratamiento de la cocaína con solventes se le denomina crack. El consumo de cocaína, las formas de administración más diversas y el estado fisiológico logrado por los usuarios, es denominado flash o high Los efectos neuro-fisiológicos son muy variados, provocando sobre todo un fuerte estímulo al Sistema Nervioso Central (SNC), producto de la liberación de dopamina en las terminaciones nerviosas.
Infecciones de las vías urinarias en pacientes embarazadas del hospital Humberto Alvarado de Masaya
Authors: Huete Ricardo A. A. , Gallo Meyling , Huete-Pérez Jorge A.
Published: June 2017

Presentamos un estudio retrospectivo de pacientes embarazadas, usando los expedientes clínicos perinatales de un hospital de Masaya. Encontramos que las embarazadas más afectadas por las infecciones en las vías urinarias son aquellas de edades comprendidas entre los 25-29 años de edad y las que están en su segundo trimestre de embarazo. La mayoría de los casos de bacteriuría sintomática fueron tratados satisfactoriamente con amoxicilina, ampicilina y gentamicina y en gran parte se usó antibioticoterapia combinada de amoxicilina y gentamicina.
La camaronicultura en Nicaragua en 1999
Authors: Saborío Coze Agnés
Published: June 2017

La camaronicultura es una actividad que se inició en Nicaragua en la década de los y a pesar de esta tardía aparición, durante los últimos años ha experimentado un crecimiento vertiginoso. El presente artículo pretende recopilar la información relacionada con este sector, relevando su importancia económica y poniendo sobre el tapete los problemas y limitaciones que enfrentan los productores. El camarón es el segundo rubro de exportación en nuestro país. La contribución del sector pesquero y acuícola al PIB pasó del 0.27 % en 1990 al 19.6% en 1999, y con respecto al PIB de la actividad primaria pasó del 1.1% en 1994 al 6% en 1999.
Problemática técnica del café (Coffea arabica) en el Municipio de Wiwilí
Authors: Gómez Flores René , Barbosa Isidro
Published: June 2017

El artículo analiza las condiciones que han dinamizado la expansión del rubro café en Wiwilí en los últimos 10 años, y señala los principales problemas de manejo técnico que aquejan hoy al cultivo. El resultado se traduce en una serie de recomendaciones en materia de capacitación técnica y organización de servicios de apoyo a la producción, con el fin de prevenir los problemas identificados en el rubro.
Efectos de la suplementación alimenticia sobre la producción de gallinas de patio
Authors: Sánchez Sevilla Eduberto
Published: June 2017

El presente artículo expone los resultados de una investigación experimental realizada en las comunidades de San Andrés de la Palanca y La Ceiba, del municipio de Mateare, departamento de Managua. El estudio es parte de las actividades desarrolladas en el marco del Proyecto de Desarrollo Rural, ejecutado por el Programa de Desarrollo Agrario y Agronomía (ADAA-UCA). Se analizaron los efectos de la implementación de dos dietas compuestas de Maíz y Frijol Mungo (Maíz Zea mays L + Mungo Vigna radi@ta) y de Maíz y Frijol Gandul (Maíz + Gandul Çqjanusaian), como suplementos proteicos para "gallinas de patio". El objetivo de este experimento fue mejorar la condición física de las gallinas de patio, principal fuente de alimentos (huevo y carne) de que disponen las familias rurales de las mencionadas comunidades.
La Reforma del Código Penal en Nicaragua
Authors: Moreno Castillo María Asunción
Published: June 2017

La redacción de un nuevo Código Penal podría calificarse de urgente necesidad si tenemos en cuenta que nuestras normas penales no se adecuan a las exigencias jurídicas, sociales y políticas de un Estado Social Democrático y de Derecho, pues el Código Penal vigente (1974) no es más que un texto parchado por todas partes, e incluso en alguna ocasión doblemente parchado, que no aguanta más remiendos. De ahí la necesidad de la redacción y aprobación de un texto penal que obedezca a las nuevas tendencias político criminales y postulados del Derecho penal moderno.
Reflexión sobre la posición de las víctimas del delito en el Proceso Penal
Authors: Sampedro Arrubla Julio Andrés
Published: June 2017

El proceso penal requiere de un examen a fondo de sus estructuras y contenidos, para allanar los caminos y acercar la administración de justicia a las víctimas, escucharlas, comprenderlas, atender a sus expectativas y necesidades en forma prioritaria, hacerles partícipes en el proceso y en la ejecución de la sentencia, llenar de humanidad el proceso impartiendo justicia desde y hacia ellas. En síntesis, humanizar el Proceso Penal. Este examen debe tener como punto de partida el concepto mismo de "víctimas del delito", para diseñar los instrumentos que faciliten la resolución efectiva del conflicto generado por el delito y la reparación a las víctimas evitando la victimación secundaria de quienes participan en el proceso.
Justicia penal de adolescentes: principios y garantías fundamentales
Authors: Vigil Zoila Rosa
Published: June 2017

El Código de la niñez y la adolescencia, basado en la Doctrina de la Protección Integral de las Naciones Unidas, instituye el Sistema de Justicia Penal Especializada de Adolescentes, garantizando el respeto de los derechos derivados de los principios de culpabilidad, legalidad, humanidad, jurisdiccionalidad, del contradictorio y de impugnación.
El falso testimonio en la jurisdicción penal juvenil
Authors: Burgos Mata Álvaro
Published: June 2017

Este trabajo pretende cuestionar la aplicación discriminatoria de ciertos lineamientos jurídicos conceptuales en razón de los jóvenes y adolescentes, por parte de muchos jueces y otros operadores del sistema de administración de justicia la cual surge al mezclar criterios jurídicos penales ambiguos en el campo penal juvenil, sin una verdadera política criminal especializada, para lo cual utilizaremos la jurisprudencia más reciente de los tribunales penales juveniles del Costa Rica.
La contribución de la sociedad civil al proceso de construcción de la educación nicaragüense: el caso de la Ley General de Educación
Authors: De Castilla Urbina Miguel
Published: June 2017

Este ensayo se presenta en dos partes. En la primera se describen los Fundamentos Constitucionales de la Educación en Nicaragua, y se pasa revista a la temática educativa nicaragüense desde la Constitución de Cádiz de 1812 hasta la Constitución de 1987. La segunda parte está dedicada expresamente a la Ley General de Educación de la República de Nicaragua, que a diciembre del año 2000, todavía espera ser aprobada en la Asamblea Nacional. Esta parte ha sido dividida en tres secciones, la primera referida a los Antecedentes cercanos y lejanos de la idea de una Ley General de Educación para Nicaragua; en la segunda se presenta una síntesis de los criterios de las Organizaciones Civiles del Sector Educativo Nicaragüense, sobre los dos Anteproyectos de Ley General de Educación presentados ante la Asamblea Nacional por el MED y la CGTEN-ANDEN en agosto de 1997; y en la tercera parte, Se presentan las consideraciones de las Organizaciones Civiles sobre la situación actual del proceso de formación de la Ley General de Educación y acerca del Anteproyecto de Ley de Participación Educativa, introducida por el Gobierno de la República el 18 de mayo del año 2000.