bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of the anti-anemic activity of date syrup in Wistar rats
Authors: LAICHE Ammar Touhami
Published: March 2023

The main objective of this study is to determine the effect of food intake of date syrup on the treatment of anemia.First, we used 3 samples of dates from different regions for the preparation of the syrup. We have studied certain criteria (physical, chemical, biochemical, microbiological); where the results showed that the prepared date syrup has a good hygienic quality, and of remarkable nutritional quality due to its ideal content with many properties, such as carbohydrate and protein content.To evaluate the anti-anemic properties of date syrup in rats, anemia is induced by a food having an iron deficiency. Date syrup, prepared from Djamaa dates, was administered by gavage of anemic rats at doses of 1000 mg / kg / day and 2000 mg / kg / day resulting in an increase in hemoglobin, red blood cell count, hematocrit and serum iron. Thanks to the results obtained, date syrup can be classified among the foods that help fight iron deficiency anemia.
Effects of extraction methods on total polyphenols, free radical scavenging and antibacterial activity of crude extracts of Cleome arabica L. growing in Oued Souf region
Authors: CHOUIKH Atef
Published: March 2023

This study aims to phytochemical study, antiradical scavenging and antibacterial Activity of the extracts of Cleome arabica L. from the region of Oued Souf (East South Algerian). The crud extracts two methods obtained methanolic were maceration (EM) and ultra-sound (EU). The yields were: 8.95% and 9.60%, respectively. The quantitative estimation of total polyphenols is 11.57 mg EAG/g Ex (EM) and 13.46 mg EAG/g Ex (EU). The flavonoids contents in (EM) and (EU) are respectively 5.48 and 6.19 mg EQu/g Ex. the anti-free radical activity in the extracts at (concentration 0.1mg/ml) showed a great capacity to scavenge of the DPPH• radical and the percentage of inhibition was 41% in (EM) and 60.67 % in (EU). The results of the antibacterial activity of two bacterial strains: Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus, revealed that Cleome arabica L. has a significant effect on the two strains with inhibition zones variable from 0 to 12 mm for Escherichia coli and 0 to 13 mm for Staphylococcus aureus.
The Effects of the Fertil Verde Fertilizer on the Growth and Yield of Chili Pepper (Capsicum annuum L) in Southern Algeria
Authors: GHEMAM AMARA Djilani
Published: March 2023

A field experiment was conducted on a private farm in El Oued State of Algeria to study the efficiency of using Fertil Verde as a fertilizer by foliar spry on hot pepper seedlings. The treatment by Fertil Verde increased all growth. The increase was significant in the number of main and secondary stems, the size of the leaves, and the weight of the dry leaves. While, the weight of the wet leaves did not significantly increase. Moreover, the use of Fertil Verde has led to a significant increase in the yield qualities of the plant: the weight and shape of the fruits, fresh yield of the plant, the content of pigment, and the size of the plant. Thus, the combination of fertilizing is common and Fertil Verde is a promising low-cost option in the production of high yields.
Integration of prior information in Kaplan Meier estimator using Bayesian approach
Authors: Hamimes Ahmed
Published: March 2023

As part of this contribution, we will illustrate the effectiveness of the Bayesian approach in estimating durations; we suggest a new definition of the Kaplan Meier Bayesian estimator based on a stochastic approximation under an informative prior. For this reason, based on the lognormal distribution, we have unconjugated a priori distributions. This method of processing makes it possible to assume that the use of the a priori data with the various suggested methods is sensitive to the choices of the parameters added.
Microbial soft rot of cultivated fruits and vegetables
Authors: Nadine Chahrazade Djellout
Published: March 2023

The nutritional richness of fruits and vegetables makes them an ideal target for microorganisms, causing in particular soft rot. The microorganisms responsible for this pathology are generally found in the environment, and are endowed with a very important enzymological power, the main action of their pathogenicity. These enzymes, which allow the degradation of the plant cell wall, allow them to cross the protective wall of the plant, causing a liquefaction of tissues, whose environmental conditions as well as transport and storage conditions favour the development of these phytopathogens. A better understanding of spoilage microorganisms and the characteristics of spoilage should allow the development of new conservation and protection technologies and reduce the loss of vegetables due to spoilage. This review summarizes the main literature data on soft rot, and the diversity and mode of action of the main microbial causal agents.
Ecology and behavioral response of Ruddy Shelduck (Tadorna ferruginea) in the wetland complex of Oued Righ valley (Algerian Sahara).
Authors: NOUIDJEM Yassine
Published: March 2023

The wetland complex of Oued Righ valley accommodates a population of Ruddy Shelduck (Tadorna ferruginea) between 2012 and 2014, the total reached 80 individuals in the Lake Hamraia where the species wintering. The analysis of the diurnal time budget of wintering populations revealed the role of feeding area delivery for this species and they devoted their day time to feeding (51.2%), sleeping (18.8%), followed by swimming activity (6.3 %), and courtship activities with flying (2.03%) which often occurs after disturbances caused by human or by Marsh harrier (Circus aeruginosus). It is interesting to study the behavior of these ducks in Saharan bioclimatic area and follow the phenology and characteristics in order to preserve the biodiversity in this region.
Ethnobotanical survey of herbal remedies traditionally used in El Hammadia (Southern region of the province of Bordj Bou Arreridj, Algeria)
Authors: BENDIF Hamdi
Published: March 2023

This work is devoted to the study of medicinal plants in the southern region of BordjBouArreridj (communes of the Daïra of El Hammadia), and their different uses in traditional medecine. A series of surveys were conducted in the study area with inhabitants and herbalists, to acquire more informations about the therapeutic uses of medicinal plants practiced by the local population. The analysis of the results allowed us to identify 78 species belonging to 36 families, the most represented are: Apiaceae (13.92%), Lamiaceae (12.65%), Asteraceae (11.39%) and Liliaceae (5.06%). The most commonly parts used from these plants are respectively: the leaves (34.21%), the stems (17.54%), the fruits (12.28%), the roots (10.52%) and the seeds (8.77%). Medicinal plants are prepared and used as powder, infusion, especially as decoction and poultice. The most used is the decoction. The main common health problem treated are; digestive disorders (29.81%), respiratory disorders (10.55%), skin inflammations (9.17%), urinary inflammations (8.25%), liver diseases (6.88%) and neurologic problems (6.42%). El Hammadia has good ethnobotanical potential of medicinal plants. This study is the first contribution to the ethnobotany of this region. We have gathered from this province some considerable knowledge about local medicinal plants for treating diseases.
A new locality of an invasive Gecko, Cyrtopodion scabrum (Heyden,1827) in Algeria (Squamata: Gekkonidae)
Authors: Sadine Salah Eddine
Published: March 2023

The Rough Bent-toed Gecko Cyrtopodion scabrum (Heyden,1827) was recently recorded in Algeria, from the east part of countries. In this note, another new locality of this species in the central Algeria (Ghardaïa region), situated at 450 km west form the last locality, based on one specimen fond in Bord of Sebkhet. C. scabrum is listed as an invasive species and it was reported as a desert species, in our finding it was recorded in an important wetland (Sebkhet El Melah) which is classified in the Ramsar list in 2004, this statement proves once again the ecological plasticity of this species.
Influence of leaf extracts and total flavonoids of Rhus tripartita (Ucria) Grande on phytobeneficial bacteria associated with its rhizosphere
Authors: Benaissa Asmaa
Published: March 2023

The article deals with the antimicrobial effect of Rhus tripartita (Ucria) Grande leaf extracts and total flavonoids against twelve antagonists Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria of its rhizosphere, characterized in a previous study. The aim of this study is to demonstrate that leaves through their decomposition in the soil, may affect the distribution of bacterial communities in the rhizosphere. Leaves extracts were performed with distilled water, alcohol, methanol, hexane and chloroform as solvent and diluted in concentrations of 0.001, 0.01 and 0.1 mg/mL. The extraction of total flavonoids was carried out from leaves’ methanolic extract. The antimicrobial effect of the extracts was evaluated by the agar diffusion method and the determination of the minimum inhibitory concentration was carried out on a liquid medium. Alcohol, chloroform and methanol extracts were found to be the most effective on tested strains. The maximum zone inhibition was 18 mm, and the minimum zone inhibition was 7 mm. Rt 1: Bacillus licheniformis appears to be the most sensitive to all extracts. In contrast, Rt 7: Bacillus megaterium, seems to be the less sensitive strain. On the other hand, total flavonoids had a significant effect on 25% of the strains tested, mainly Bacillus genus. With a broad antimicrobial spectrum, the Rhus tripartita leaf extracts can be considered as a control agent for the distribution of the bacterial community in the rhizosphere. Therefore, our work showed that the plant could influence the bacterial diversity of its rhizosphere through its leaves.
Etude de la stabilité de quelques variétés de blé dur (triticum durum desf.) dans les conditions semis aride du Sétif
Authors: Guendouz Ali , OULMI Abdelmalek , Benalia FRIH
Published: March 2023

Notre objectif est de présenter une synthèse sur l’étude de la stabilité du rendement de dix variétés de blé dur expérimentées  pendant quatre ans (2009-2013) dans la région semi-aride de Sétif. Nous utilisons au cours de cette étude trois indices de stabilité paramétriques et non paramétriques pour évaluer les performances des dix génotypes testés. L’étude des indices paramétrique de stabilité,  notamment l'écovalence de Wricke (Wi²) a montré que les génotypes Mexicali75 (4.23) et Hoggar (11.07) sont considérés comme les plus stables parmi les dix génotypes testés. Alors qu'en termes d'indice de supériorité (Pi), Polonicum (29,61), Sooty (33,99), Altar84 (34,47) et Mexicali75 (35,37) ont les valeurs les plus faibles de (Pi). L'indice d'adaptabilité géométrique (GAI) a montré que les génotypes Mexicali75 (42,00), Kucuk (40,26) et Altar84 (40,03) sont les plus stables. Les indices non paramétriques Si (2), Si (3), Si (6) ont des corrélations non signifiantes avec le rendement moyen en grains. L’étude de la variabilité génotypique du rendement en grains a montré que Mexicali75 était le génotype qui avait la plus petite variation de rendement au cours des quatre saisons. Globalement, Mexicali75, Hoggar et Kucuk sont les génotypes très stables.
Preliminary Phytochemical Screening, Quantification of phenolic compounds, of Plant Extract from Chenopodium quinoa
Authors: Kadri Mounira
Published: March 2023

The aim of this study was to screening the phytogenic chemical compounds of the seeds of Chenopodium quinoa, obtained from Wilaya of El-oued. The chemical study showed that the plant contained a number of secondary metabolites, flavonoids, tannins, saponins, steroids and triterpenes, glycosids while the absence of alkaloids and comarin in Chenopodium quinoa. Folin-Ciocalteau colorimetric were used to determine the total phenolic con-tent (TPC), in the hydroalcoholic seeds extracts. The yield of the methanolic extract was estimated at 36.66%. As for the quantitative content of polyphenols, it is 11.647 ± 1.91µg AGE / mg extrait From this, Chenopodium quinoa is considered a nutritional and therapeutic value because it contains secondary metabolites
Characterization of endospore-forming bacteria producing extracellular enzymes isolated from Djurdjura Mountains in Algeria
Authors: YAHIAOUI Merzouk
Published: March 2023

Biodiversity in mountains in Algeria appears scanty and has not been thoroughly investigated. However, the mountain soil has been shown as an almost entire reserve of novel enzymes with interesting properties for industrial and environmental applications. In the present study, 30 bacterial strains were isolated from the Djurdjura Mountains in Kabylia (Algeria) and were studied for their ability to produce enzymes to be possibly used in biotechnological processes such as amylase, protease, and chitinase. The characterization of these isolates was carried out using morphological, physiological, and biochemical characteristics. All the data obtained with regards to the phenotypical properties of the isolates, confirmed that the strains belonged to the Bacillus group. In addition, the 16S rRNA gene of the two retained strains KA15 and LK-DZ15 was also amplified and sequenced. Phylogenetic tree was, afterwards, constructed. The nucleotide sequences and blast analyses confirmed that the KA15 and LK-DZ15 strains were closely related to those of the Bacillus altitudinis (accession n°.: MK874318) and Paenibacillus timonensis (accession n°.: MK734103) strains. The presence of amylases, proteases, and chitinases in KA15 and LK-DZ15 isolates are an indicator of their pivotal application in a variety of biotechnological processes.
Non-enzymatic Ex-vitro Antioxidant, Biosafety, Analgesic and Anti-inflammatory Evaluation of Aqueous Polyherbal (ELNA) Extract in Mice.
Authors: Idu MacDonald , Gabriel Benjamin Ogunma , Onuigbo Chike Uzochukwu
Published: March 2023

The polyherbal formulation known as ELNA consists of Moringa oleifera, Crateva religiosa and Curcuma longa. It ethnomedicinal properties include; analgesic, inflammation, cardiac diseases, bacterial infection and immune suppressed diseases. The aim of this study was to evaluate the ex-vitro non-enzymatic anti-oxidant, biosafety, analgesic and anti-inflammatory effect of aqueous ELNA polyherbal extract. Ex-vitro anti-oxidant study was investigated in ELNA extract using standard radical scavenging protocol. Biosafety effect of ELNA extract was understudied with the aid of Locke method. Acetic acid-induced peripheral pain, hot plate-induced central pain and egg albumin-induced inflammatory models were investigated. Results from this study exhibited the scavenging effect of ELNA extract against 1, 1-diphenyl-2-picryhydroxyl with significant increase in concentration dependent manner. Acute toxicity study of the aqueous extract of ELNA elicited less or no toxic effect, with no mortality and side effect above LD50>5000 mg/kg body weight. Aqueous ELNA extract displayed no damaging effect of the sub-chronic toxicity study administered for 28 days, exhibited no significant difference (p= 0.05) in the organ and body weight. No significant different in the haematological parameters excluding 400 mg/kg with slight significant (p<0.05) increase in platelet count.  Graded doses of the extract at 400, 800 and 1200 mg/kg body weight exhibited significant (p<0.05) reduction in central and peripheral pain. Significant reduction in paw edema volume. Specifically at higher doses, the extract showed an effective activities against the selected study. In conclusion, this study validated the ethnomedicianl evidence of ELNA aqueous extract of the formulation.
Phytochemistry, In-vitro antioxidant, Microbicidal, Anti-ulcerogenic and Biosafety Potential of Emilia coccinea Aqueous Extract in Animal models.
Authors: Idu MacDonald , Gabriel Benjamin Ogunma , Agboonogieva Charles Osayande
Published: March 2023

Emilia coccinea enhances the treatment of several disease conditions include; vertigo management, ringworm, cough, gonorrhoea, ulcers, lice, measles, seizure, eye drop. This study investigates the phytochemistry, In-vitro antioxidant, anti-ulcerogenic, microbicidal and biosafety effect of aqueous extracts of E. coccinea using animal model. E. coccinea leaf was freshly obtained, shade dried, pulverized and prepared into aqueous extract. Standard procedure were used for the evaluation of the phytochemicals, in-vitro antioxidant and antimicrobial activities. Twenty five (25) Wistar rats were acclimitized and randomly selected into five groups (n=5) such as untreated group, 10 mg/kg cimetidine and graded doses (100, 200 and 400 mg/kg b.w.) of aqueous extract of E. coccinea to evaluate antiulcer and biosafety effects. Results from the qualitative and quantitative phytochemical screening showed the present of phenol (47.19 mg), saponins (84.64 mg), alkaloids (75.17 mg), cardiac glycosides (63.12 mg) and anthraquinone (48.79 mg).  The antioxidant property showed a competitive scavenging effect against DPPH radical when compared with ascorbic acids. Microbial activities of the aqueous extract of E. coccinea at various concentration elicited inhibitory effect against Salmonella typhii, Escherichia coli, Helicobacter pyloris. The ulceration in rat stomach lining induced with 70% ethanol and pretreated with prophylactic measure of aqueous crude extract showed significant reduction in ulcer count, ulcer index with increased % inhibition of ulcer when compared with untreated and reference control. The haematological and histopathological study shows no significant difference in the aqueous crude extract with absent toxicity when comparisons with the control.
The medicinal plants of Bousaada (M’sila, Algeria)
Authors: MARROUCHE Hind
Published: March 2023

The study area of Bousâada is characterized by a rather remarkable flora, the floristic list of identified plants is 88 species belonging to 82 genera and 43 botanical families.Ces plantes sont d’un intérêt écologique, médical, et économique qui doivent être préservées, conservées, pour assurer leurs pérennité.  La méthode d'approche est une enquête ethnobotanique réalisée dans la région des Bousâada, qui a été choisie pour sa diversité floristique, écologique, climatique et offre à la population locale une connaissance assez riche de la phytothérapie traditionnelle, et du fait que les guérisseurs traditionnels sont connus pour avoir une bonne connaissance de l'utilisation des plantes médicinales.  This ethnobotanical study is carried out using a questionnaire of the survey is divided into two parts making it possible to collect information on the person (sex, age, levels of study, family situation), and on medicinal plants (name, use, part used, method of preparation). The aim of this study was to identify, catalog, document the large number of medicinal plants used in the region of Bousâada for the treatment of various human pathologies, and how to exploit and conserve this rich flora.
Comparative Chiral Separation of (RS)‐Propranolol Racemate by HPLC Using α-Glycoprotein and β-Cyclodextrin Stationary Phases.
Authors: MATMOUR Derouicha
Published: March 2023

This paper describes a comparative study of tow chiral separations of (RS)‐Propranolol racemate by HPLC using α-Glycoprotein (AGP) and β-Cyclodextrin (BCD) Stationary Phases. For the AGP separation, the column size was (150 mm X4 mm X 5 μm), the mobile phase composed of Propanol-2 and Ammonium acetate (0.5:99.5 v/v), at a flow rate of 0.9 mL/min and the detection by ultraviolet absorption at 225 nm. For the BCD separation, the column size was (250 mm X4 mm X 5 μm), the mobile phase composed of Acetonitrile: Ethanol: Acetic acid: Triethylamine (960: 40: 4: 3 v/v/v/v), at a flow rate of 1 mL/min and the detection by ultraviolet absorption at 225 nm. The retention time of S-Propranolol and R-Propranolol with AGP separation was respectively: 7.25 min and 11.82 min while with the BCD separation 16.18 min and 18.50 min respectively. The racemate contains 50.46 % of S-Propranolol and 49.53 % of R-Propranolol with AGP separation while with BCD separation, it contains 50.43 %/49.57 %. There is a similarity between the enantiomeric purity values and the enantiomeric excess values of tow separations, but the separation with AGP stationary phase is faster than with the BCD stationary phase. For a selective β-blocking use, it could be very interesting to encourage its production in its form enantiomerically pure wich is the S-enantiomer.
Plant-Based Agrobiodiversity in Home Gardens of Tubah Sub-Division, North-West Region, Cameroon
Authors: Njouonkou André-Ledoux , Lizby-Joy Wujung Mbi
Published: March 2023

Home gardens are subsistent agricultural production systems consisting of diverse crop plants which are easily accessible and adjacent to homesteads. They sustainably contribute to livelihoods in developing countries. Regarding the modernization in tropical Africa, there are changes in plant composition of urbanizing areas like Tubah Sub-Division, North West Region, Cameroon while the useful plant diversity in home gardens are poorly or not documented. This study aims to assess the diversity of useful plant species and identify key factors that influence diversity. 120 selected home gardens from Tubah Sub-Division were surveyed using two complementary field sampling approaches: interaction with selected households head through the use of structured questionnaires on garden plants and direct field observation. To assess plant abundance, the entire home garden was considered as a sample plot for tree, shrub, climber and epiphytic plant species while for herbaceous species, five quadrats of 1 m2 were used to count each species. A total of 133 useful plant species belonging to 108 genera and 47 families were recorded, with the number of species varying among the villages. The dominating families were Solanaceae, Fabaceae and Asteraceae. Age of household head and age of home garden were the key factors which significantly influenced the plant diversity. As home gardens in Tubah Sub-Division consist of diverse garden plants which are of great importance, we suggest that home gardening should be promoted, through education and extension services. This study should also be extended to other parts of the North West Region.
HPLC Chromatographic Analysis Antioxidant activity of seeds some varieties of prickly pear (Opuntia ficus-indica L.) from the Sidi-Fredj souk Ahras Algeria
Authors: BOUAOUICH Abderrahmane , Bouguerche Faiza
Published: March 2023

The study was conducted on seeds of three varieties of Opuntia ficus-indica (O. ficus-indica), harvested from different regions of Souk Ahras North-East (Sidi-Fredj, Taoura and Drea) of Algeria). The analysis consisted of antioxidants extraction, following the solid-liquid extraction with ethanol 40% (v/v), their quantification and determination of their antioxidant activity by two methods (reducing power and DPPH• Test). Results show that total phenolic content (TPC) ranged from 74.04 to 92.83 mg GAE /100g Extract. The Sidi-Fredj variety has the best rate followed, by the Taoura and Drea ones. Concerning, flavonoids and tannins, the Taoura variety contains higher concentrations corresponding to 2.67 mg QE/100g and 6.60mg CE/100g. activities of extracts of three varieties show similar performance; the EC50 for the reduction of ferric iron 0.05g/mL for all extracts, whereas the EA is more important in Sidi-Fredj and Drea seeds extracts. Regarding the scavenging of DPPH •, Drea and Sidi-Fredj varieties show the highest capacity equals to 0.20g/mL. Linear correlations between the different studied activities and some antioxidants (flavonoids, tannins) rates were noticed; indicating their participation in the obtained effect.

Analysis of the oil by HPLC revealed the presence of phenolic compounds including gallic acid and a form of vitamin E (α-tocophérol), capable of expressing biological activities; Anti-oxidants and vitamins. CPG analysis showed that prickly pear oil was a major source of essential fatty acids (C18 :2 and C18 :3).The seeds extract present therefore a variety effect with properties that should be taken intconsideration for possible other exploitation in addition to the oil one.
Découverte de Guizotia abyssinica (L.f.) Cass. (Asteraceae) en Algérie et mise au point sur son utilisation
Authors: Rebbas Khellaf , Benhissen Saliha , Sarri Djamel , Belkassam Abdelouahab , Bounar Rabah
Published: March 2023

Guizotia abyssinica (L. f) Cass. (Asteraceae) is native to Ethiopia. This asteracea was discovered in the region of Sétif and M’sila, in northeastern Algeria. Ecological notes are also provided.
Preliminary Screening for Antibacterial Activity of Endophytic Fungi isolated from Azadirachta indica and Mentha piperita against Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa
Authors: Hussaini Ibrahim Mohammed , Sadiya Ahmed Halima , Ahmad Hauwa’u , Sulaiman Mamunu Abdulkadir , Usman Aisha
Published: March 2023

Endophytes have been identified as reservoirs of novel bioactive secondary metabolites that can serve as a potential candidate for the development of new antimicrobial drugs. The aim of the study was to screen for antibacterial activity of endophytic fungi isolated from Azadirachta indica and Mentha piperita. Endophytic fungi were isolated from healthy leaves of A. indica and M.  piperita. The isolates were screened for their antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Antibacterial activity of ethyl acetate extracts of the isolates was also determined. A total 35 endophytic fungi were isolated out of which 11 showed antibacterial activity against at least two of the test bacterial isolates.  Ethyl acetate extracts of these 11 endophytes had varying degree of antibacterial activity with zones of inhibition ranging from 10±10 mm to 26±0.5 mm. Result of this study revealed that endophytic fungi isolated leaves of A. indica and M. piperita produce bioactive compounds with antibacterial activity against the test bacterial isolates.
Comparative study of the antibacterial action of natural and commercial oils of Rosmarinus officinalis L
Authors: Mazouz Lakhdar
Published: March 2023

The article tries to shed light on the antibacterial power of rosemary oils to see if there is a possibility of making drugs but also to compare this power with that existing in commercial oils of rosemary and to check if these formulas really contain oils rosemary. This study consisted of the extraction of the essential oil from the studied plant followed by preliminary phytochemical tests and then by TLC analyzes to determine exactly the different compounds that characterize the species and then by the antibacterial study on the plants diluted essential oils (synthesized and commercial). Phytochemical tests have shown that essential oils contain many chemicals and active ingredients that give rosemary a wide range of indications : The TLC of the raw extract shows stains, indicating the presence of flavone, hydroxyflavone, Dihydroxyflavone, flavanones, methoxyflavones and flavonols ; they are compounds of paramount importance in the therapeutic effects enjoyed by rosemary. The bacteriological study on essential oils (extract and commercial) by the process represented on the concentrated disk of essential oils shows good antibacterial activity on the fixed stem. Essential oils extracted from rosemary from Algeria will be of some economic interest in the Algerian pharmaceutical industry. The negative test for commercial rosemary essential oil compared to the positive tests of our extract can tell us more about the counterfeit that characterizes this area. The study confirms the interest we must bring to this plant, not only for its characteristics in the perfume industry, but especially for its undisputed medical virtues.
Comparative sunscreen and stability studies of shea butter from Nigeria
Authors: Hadiza Ibrahim Mohammed , Mohammed Zainab , Avuashi Oyi Rukayat , Garba Ibrahim
Published: March 2023

Shea butter extracted from the nuts of Vitellaria paradoxa is utilized as food, medicine and a major source of income especially in the rural communities. The butter is reported to vary in their physicochemical compositions which may affect the sunscreen and stability of it, thus, the need for the present study. Shea nuts were collected from Ngaski (A), Bosso (B) and Yamaltu-Deba (C) of northern Nigeria. The in-vitro sunscreen activity was determined using UV-spectrophotometer and the stability study using plastic, clear and amber bottles stored in different conditions. The shea butter samples showed high SPF values at 1.00 % with shea butter C having the highest value at 37.49 % while shea butter A had the least value at 25.17. All the butter had sunscreen values less than 1 % at 0.50%. Samples stored in plastic, colourless and amber bottles in the refrigerator had higher moisture content while those stored at room temperature had lower moisture content, although samples in amber bottles stored in refrigerator were found to less peroxide values.
Toxicological assessment of the aqueous leaves extract of Combretum platypterum (Welw) Hutch & Dalziel
Authors: UWAYA DICKSON UWAYA , Idu MacDonald
Published: March 2023

Combretum platypterum belongs to the family of Combretaceae. The leaf is used to treat fever, conjunctivitis, febrifuge, coughs, sexually transmitted diseases, diarrhea, and as a tonic. Despite it being used in ethnomedicine to treat various sicknesses, the safety profile of the leaf extract has not been reported. This study was aimed at testing the acute and sub-acute toxicological assessments of the aqueous leaf extract of Combretum platypterum.The acute study was carried out using mice and rats. In sub-acute experiments, the animals received 0.5, 1, and 2.5 g/kg of the plant extract orally per day for 28 days. The first weight and the last weight were taken. The liver, spleen, kidney, heart, lungs, and stomach were obtained, weighed, and fixed. Blood was obtained for haematology and biochemical assays. The LD50 of the root extract was indeterminable since there was no death in the mice and rats used. The leaf extract significantly increases (p<0.05) the body weight at the dose of 2.5g/kg compared to control. The body weight index was not affected compared to control (p>0.05). At 0.5 and 1 g/kg, the extract significantly increased the level of monocytes (p < 0.05) compared to the control. haematological parameters were not affected. Upon bichemical analysis of the leaf extract, 2.5 g/kg significantly (P<0.05) increased the level of HDL and 0.5 and 1 g/kg significantly (P<0.05) increased the level of TRI compared to control. Other parameters were not affected. This study shows that aqueous root extract is safe.
Trapelus boehmei (Wagner, Melville, Wilms & Schmitz, 2011) (Squamata: Agamidae): New locality record in the South-west of Algeria at Tindouf
Authors: El Bouhissi Mayssara , Seddiki Fayçal , CHEDAD Abdelwahab
Published: March 2023

Trapelus boehmei, one of the species of the family Agamidae found in Algeria, which are mainly distributed on the High Plateau, from M’sila to Naâma and Tlemcen-south with an uncertain presence from Batna and it extends to the entire east of Algeria between El Tarf and Tebessa. These data represent the New locality record in the Sahara region, in South-west of Algeria at Tindouf.
The main treatments used for SARS-CoV-2 patients
Authors: MERGHACHE Djamila
Published: March 2023

As the COVID-19 pandemic continues to ravage the world and threaten people's lives, treating infected patients effectively has been one of the top concerns for medical workers around the world. Currently, no medication is recommended to treat COVID-19, and no cure is available. Researchers are testing a variety of possible treatments. Several drugs are being researched in different countries. Most are existing drugs that are being trialled against the virus. Pharmaceuticals undergoing clinical trials to assess their safety and efficacy as potential treatments for COVID-19, include the antiviral nucleotide analogue remdesivir, systemic interferons and in particular interferon β-1a, the antiviral combination lopinavir/ritonavir, the antimalarial chloroquine/hydroxychloroquine, and monoclonal antibodies against components of the immune system such as interleukin-6 (IL-6) and IL-4. It is important that the potential treatments are carefully assessed in randomised controlled trials..
New species of Zeuzerinae from the Democratic Republic of São Tomé and Príncipe (Lepidoptera: Cossidae)
Authors: Yakovlev R. V. , László Gy. M.
Published: March 2023

Present paper contains the description of a new species, Pseudozeuzera caminhai Yakovlev & László, sp. n. collected in São Tomé. The new species’ closest relative is the Equatorial-African species, P. stenlii Yakovlev, 2009, from which it differs in the male genital structure.
Nuevos datos sobre Tineidae y Meessiidae de las Islas Canarias, España (Lepidoptera: Tineoidea)
Authors: Falck P. , Gaedike R. , Vives Moreno A.
Published: March 2023

Se actualiza la lista de Tineidae y Meessiidae de las Islas Canarias. Se describen dos especies: Rhodobates carsteni Falck, Gaedike & Vives, sp. n. (Spain: Lanzarote) y Tinea laurisilvaella Falck, Gaedike & Vives, sp. n. (Spain: La Gomera, Gran Canaria, Tenerife, Portugal: Madeira). Se describe la hembra de Infurcitinea canaricola Gaedike, 2019 (Spain: La Palma), sólo se conocía de un macho. Por primera vez, se registran dos especies nuevas de las Islas Canarias: Nemapogon variatella (Clemens, 1860) (Tenerife) y Elatobia fuliginosella (Lienig & Zeller, 1846) (Tenerife) y se remueve una especie de la lista Tinea trinotella Thunberg, 1794. Se ilustra el adulto y la genitalia de la nueva especie I. canaricola. Los resultados taxonómicos son respaldados por el código de barras de ADN de la secuencia del fragmento de 658 pb del gen mitocondrial COI.
Designation of lectotypes for some Spanish and other western European Melitaea taxa, some with mixed syntypic series of M. phoebe ([Denis & Schiffermüller], 1775) and M. ornata Christoph, 1893 (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae)
Authors: Russell P. J. C. , Bartolozzi L. , Hawkins R. L. , Tennent W. J. , Léger T.
Published: March 2023

Morphological characters of value in distinguishing Melitaea phoebe from M. ornata are exemplified from photographs of specimens from sympatric and partially synchronic populations in North Macedonia and Italy. Subspecies described as belonging to M. phoebe by several authors from specimens taken in Spain and other Western European countries are examined and their identities reviewed. Those which are shown to be subspecies of M. ornata are figured together with identification labels attached to the specimens. Where syntypes have been identified, lectotypes and paralectotypes are designated where appropriate. Some subspecies which are genuinely M. phoebe are commented upon. Eleven syntypes of M. phoebe occitanica are examined and found to comprise both M. phoebe and M. ornata; a phoebe lectotype is designated and its Type Locality is restricted to Barcelona, Spain. Lectotypes are also designated for the names bethunebakeri, ornatiformis, emipunica and punicata. Original identifications predate the separation of these two species and exemplify difficulties previous researchers had in separating them. M. ornata pseudornata is sunk in synomymy with M. ornata bethunebakeri. It is noted that some historic and often worn specimens are extremely difficult to identify with certainty.
Estados inmaturos de Lepidoptera (LX). Nemapogon granella (Linnaeus, 1758) en Barcelona, España (Lepidoptera: Tineidae, Nemapogoninae)
Authors: Huertas-Dionisio M.
Published: March 2023

Se describen e ilustran los estados inmaturos de Nemapogon granella (Linnaeus, 1758), que vuela en Barcelona (España), así como una muestra de las alas, su ciclo biológico y la distribución.
Primera descripción externa de la hembra de Stygioides italica Mazzei & Yakovlev, 2016 (Lepidoptera: Cossidae)
Authors: Pinzari M. , Pinzari M.
Published: March 2023

Se describe por primera vez la hembra de Stygioides italica Mazzei & Yakovlev, 2016.
Ceuroma Yakovlev, Naydenov & Penco, gen. n. – género nuevo de Zeuzerinae Neotropical (Lepidoptera: Cossidae)
Authors: Yakovlev R. V. , Naydenov A. E. , Penco F. C.
Published: March 2023

El artículo describe un género nuevo de Cossidae (Lepidoptera) de Suramérica, Ceuroma Yakovlev, Naydenov & Penco, gen. n. (Especie tipo Cossus mucoreus Herrich-Schäffer, [1853]). El género nuevo está próximo al género Neotropical Allocryptobia Viette, 1951; se da una detallada diagnosis. La característica apomórfica del género nuevo es la presencia de dos pequeños clásper o harpa en el tercio medio sobre el borde abdominal de la valva. Se proporciona un mapa de distribución y 12 figuras.
Värdegrundens vara eller inte vara
Authors: Tännsjö Torbjörn
Published: March 2023

Inledande text i värdegrundsdebatt
Effectiveness of Overshadowing by Flavored Candies in Management of Chemotherapy-Induced Nausea and Vomiting in Children with Leukemia: A Randomized Trial
Authors: Omidi Ali , Firoozi Manijeh , Khabazkhoob Mehdi , von Schoen-Angerer Tido , Mehrnoosh Nasrin , Rassouli Maryam
Published: March 2023

Background: Nausea and vomiting are among the most common side effects of chemotherapy, and despite using pharmaceutical treatments, no desired outcome has yet been achieved in this regard. Therefore, using non-pharmacological techniques has been recommended. Objectives: The present study examined the effect of overshadowing on chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting in children with leukemia. Methods: In this clinical trial study, participants were 70 children aged 3 - 18 years admitted to the Oncology Department of Mofid hospital in Tehran, Iran, and were randomly assigned to 2 intervention and control groups. A flavored candy was given to each child in the intervention group 10 minutes before the start of chemotherapy. This process was repeated during 3 rounds of chemotherapy. The severity of nausea was measured with the Baxter Animated Retching Faces Scale. The frequency of vomiting was measured using a checklist in both groups 10 minutes before and immediately after chemotherapy. The data were analyzed with SPSS software (version 25). Results: The data revealed no statistically significant difference in the severity of nausea in the first and second chemotherapy rounds between the intervention and control groups (P > 0.05). However, there was a significant difference in the third chemotherapy round between the 2 groups (P < 0.05). The severity of nausea and frequency of vomiting in 3 chemotherapy rounds was not significant (P > 0.05). Conclusions: The results indicated that overshadowing was not effective in reducing the severity of nausea and frequency of vomiting. Further studies are needed to determine the potential effects of this technique on gastrointestinal symptoms, including nausea and vomiting.
Cervical Insufficiency May Be Aggravated by Glucose Intolerance: A Case Report
Authors: Rashidi Fatemeh , Saedi Nafiseh , Shokouhi Nasim , Hosseini Seyyed Mohammad Mehdi
Published: March 2023

Background: Cervical insufficiency occurs in the second trimester. Herein, we report a successful term pregnancy in a woman with glucose intolerance and a history of cervical insufficiency after two consecutive preterm deliveries in the second trimester. Case Presentation: We present a 35-year-old woman, G3P2L0, with a history of two preterm deliveries in the second trimester. In the second pregnancy, vaginal cerclage at the 18th gestational week did not prevent premature delivery. Following two pregnancies with borderline fasting blood sugar (FBS) results, we decided to further evaluate the gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) state with a two-hour postprandial (2 hpp) glucose test and glucose tolerance test (GTT). By impaired 2 hpp and GTT results, an insulin regimen was started with subsequent vaginal cerclage in the third pregnancy. She delivered a healthy 2,750-g girl at 38 weeks of gestation by tight blood sugar control. Conclusions: More attention should be paid to evaluating glucose intolerance in pregnancy, especially in patients with cervical insufficiency. Blood glucose control in these patients can probably improve pregnancy outcomes.
Relationship Between Stress and Anxiety Regarding COVID-19 with Some Individual-Familial Characteristics Among First-Semester Students
Authors: Salmani Alireza , Maghsoudi Jahangir , Yousefi Bahareh , Mousavi Seyed Reza
Published: March 2023

Background: The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has had many effects on various aspects of individuals’ lives, including causing physical and mental problems. One of the most common psychological problems, especially among first-semester students, is stress and anxiety related to COVID-19. Objectives: This study aimed to investigate the relationship between stress and anxiety with some individual-familial characteristics of first-semester students. Methods: The current descriptive-analytical study was conducted on 106 first-semester nursing students with different educational levels at Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran, in 2021. The sampling method in this study was census sampling. A researcher-made demographics questionnaire, the Perceived Stress Reactivity Scale, and the Corona Disease Anxiety Scale were used for data collection. In the current study, the data were collected online using electronic questionnaires. SPSS software (version 26.0) and independent t-test, Spearman’s correlation, and analysis of variance (ANOVA) were used for data analysis. Results: The mean age of the participant was 22.3 ± 10.94 years. The total scores of anxiety and stress were 8.23 ± 5.85 and 19.38 ± 5.62, respectively. The results of Spearman’s correlation test showed a significant relationship between age and stress (P = 0.001, r = 0.290). The results of the t-test showed that there were significant differences between gender (P = 0.034), marital status (P = 0.003), and work experience (P = 0.008) with stress. In addition, a significant difference was observed between educational level and stress using ANOVA (P = 0.029). Conclusions: Paying more attention to the psychological health of first-semester students provides a favorable environment for their educational success during the COVID-19 pandemic because stress and anxiety affect students’ performance in various aspects of their individual and social lives.
A mathematics peer assessment process for flexible modes of delivery
Authors: Pick Louise , Manda Krishnagoud , Cole Jonathan , McCartan Charles , Hermon Paul
Published: March 2023

Educators have experienced significant challenges managing assessment processes over the last two years, particularly when converting in-person interactive and groupbased activities to an online format. This was of immediate concern during the initial stage of the Covid-19 pandemic, when interim measures for online assessment were introduced rapidly without the benefit of prior planning and design. As we emerge from the emergency phase of the pandemic, it appears there will be lasting changes to delivery and assessment in higher education, involving more hybrid and blended solutions. This paper discusses how an on-campus peer feedback assessment process for mathematics has been converted to a digital format to facilitate flexible modes of delivery either on-campus or online. A weekly paper-based peer-feedback process had been previously established in our large (150+) first-year engineering mathematics class. The new process involves weekly submission of work through the university Learning Management System (LMS), Canvas, which is peer marked by students using model video solutions for selected questions. Students complete a rubric and provide comments. After each session, students complete a reflective journal, considering their work over the week and the comments they have received. Engagement with the new flexible process has been shown to be comparable to the old system, while the quality of feedback given to peers in the online process is superior to those provided in the paper-based system. The system has been shown to be robust when rapid changes in delivery modes occur.
Strengthening students’ learning outcomes through students working with quizzes
Authors: Posselt Charlotte , Flyger Charlotte , Kjaersgaard Niels
Published: March 2023

Most instructors of engineering students will be familiar with students who – instead of engaging actively with a given field of knowledge – merely reproduce the curriculum at the exam. This study hypothesizes that students will achieve a higher taxonomic level of learning outcome by using a didactic tool – with a higher degree of understanding, application, and reflection as a result. We have developed such a didactic tool, Quizry, to create engaging teaching sessions through a special learning process: students producing quizzes for one another. We applied the French researcher Guy Brousseau’s theory of didactical situations in teaching and his five phases as a theoretical basis for our study. In the first phase, the didactic contract is established between the students and the instructor, i.e. the assignment of producing quizzes is handed over. During phases 2-4, the students work with the concrete quizzes (a-didactic parts), and lastly in phase 5, recap, cohesion of learning and transfer is established. We examined the relationship between producing quizzes and student learning outcomes through the lens of the American professor Vincent Tinto’s influential threefold model of motivation: self-efficacy, sense of belonging and perception of curriculum. The students’ self-efficacy and perception of curriculum are strengthened by working with the topic several times. Among other things, the study showed that 79% of the respondents reported that preparing quizzes for other students improved their learning outcome compared to traditional learning.
Making sense of interdisciplinarity in challenge-based learning: a two-step co-creation approach towards educational redesign
Authors: Ming Xin , MacLeod Miles , Van der Veen Jan
Published: March 2023

Challenge-based learning gains popularity in engineering education for allowing students to transcend academic and disciplinary boundaries and to fully engage in real-world problems, but it is largely underexplored how to improve specific designs of such educational practices to promote interdisciplinary learning experiences and competencies. This paper describes two studies that together in two steps make up an evidence-based redesign of a challenged-based course featuring group-work projects in an undergraduate program combining engineering with liberal arts and sciences. A first study based on observation and interviews collects different and varying learning experiences throughout students’ learning activities. The results showed that interdisciplinary experiences are constructed in complex dynamics between students’ disciplinary identity formation and the interdisciplinary and collaborative course configuration. Such dynamics may result in positive learning experiences (engagement and interdisciplinary enrichment) as well as negative ones (disengagement and frustration). Especially regarding the discrepancy between common experiences across the three phases of tackling the challenge (mapping, mitigating, integrating), representatives of parties important for the course were invited to a roundtable session in a second study to discuss and reflect on the first study’s findings and what they can mean for the course design. Understandings achieved in the session are used as input for upcoming course redesign towards a more desirably organized challenge-based learning. The two-step approach towards redesign is an example of involving researchers and students in evidence-based educational redesign, exemplifying the value of naturalistic research and educational co-creation in understanding and optimizing students’ learning experience to achieve fruitful challenge-based learning.