bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Dynamics of Blood Lipids Before, During, and After Diurnal Fasting in Inactive Men: Quasi-Experimental Study
Authors: Aljaloud Khalid , Al-Barha Naif , Noman Abeer , Aldayel Abdulaziz , Alsharif Yahya , Alshuwaier Ghareeb
Published: August 2024

Background

There is a lack of investigation into the dynamics of blood lipids before, during, and after diurnal fasting, especially in inactive men.

Objective

This study determined dynamic changes in blood lipids in inactive men before, during, and after they underwent diurnal fasting.

Methods

A total of 44 young men aged a mean 27.6 (SD 5.8) years were recruited to evaluate their habitual physical activity and diet using a questionnaire developed for this study. Body composition was evaluated using a bioelectrical impedance analysis machine (Tanita BC-980). An 8-ml blood sample was collected to evaluate blood lipids and glucose. All measurements were taken 2-3 days before Ramadan, during Ramadan (at week 2 and week 3), and 1 month after Ramadan. A 1-way repeated measures ANOVA was used to compare the measured variables before, during, and after the month of Ramadan. When a significant difference was found, post hoc testing was used. Differences were considered significant at P<.05.

Results

There was a significant reduction in low-density lipoprotein during Ramadan compared to before and after Ramadan (83.49 mg/dl at week 3 vs 93.11 mg/dl before Ramadan [P=.02] and 101.59 mg/dl after Ramadan [P=.007]). There were significant elevations in fasting blood glucose (74.60 mmol/L before Ramadan vs 81.52 mmol/L at week 3 [P=.03] and 86.51 mmol/L after Ramadan [P=.01]) and blood pressure (109 mm Hg before Ramadan vs 114 mm Hg after Ramadan; P=.02) reported during and even after the month of Ramadan, although both fasting blood glucose and blood pressure were within normal levels.

Conclusions

Ramadan fasting could be an independent factor in reducing low-density lipoprotein. Further investigations are encouraged to clarify the impact of diurnal fasting on blood lipids in people with special conditions.
Ethics and Governance of Neurotechnology in Africa: Lessons From AI (Preprint)
Authors: Eke Damian
Published: August 2024

UNSTRUCTURED

As a novel technology frontier, neurotechnology is revolutionizing our perceptions of the brain and nervous system. With growing private and public investments, a thriving ecosystem of direct-to-consumer neurotechnologies has also emerged. These technologies are increasingly being introduced in many parts of the world, including Africa. However, as the use of this technology expands, neuroethics and ethics of emerging technology scholars are bringing attention to the critical concerns it raises. These concerns are largely not new but are uniquely amplified by the novelty of technology. They include ethical and legal issues such as privacy, human rights, human identity, bias, autonomy, and safety, which are part of the artificial intelligence ethics discourse. Most importantly, there is an obvious lack of regulatory oversight and a dearth of literature on the consideration of contextual ethical principles in the design and application of neurotechnology in Africa. This paper highlights lessons African stakeholders need to learn from the ethics and governance of artificial intelligence to ensure the design of ethically responsible and socially acceptable neurotechnology in and for Africa.
Cerebral venous hemodynamics in patients who had COVID-19 with and without psychiatric disorders
Authors: Аbdullaiev R.Ya. , Nikonov V.V. , Leshchyna I.V. , Kulikova F.I. , Kyrychenko A.G. , Sirko A.G. , Dudukina S.O. , Tomakh N.V.
Published: August 2024

Background. The COVID-19 pandemic is one of the biggest global crises that has a negative impact on both the physical and mental health of the population in every country. Objective: to determine the Doppler features of blood flow in the large cerebral veins in patients with and without psychoemotional disorders after suffering from COVID-19. Materials and methods. An analysis of the results of transcranial dopplerography of cerebral venous hemodynamics was carried out in 39 patients who had COVID-19 with psy-choemotional disorders (main group), and 35 patients who had COVID-19 without psy-choemotional disorders (comparison group). Results. The vein of Galen in the comparison group was visualized in 31 (88.9 ± 5.3 %) cases, in the main group — in 37 (94.9 ± 3.5 %) cases, the vein of Rosenthal — in 25 (71.4 ± 7.6 %) and 36 (92.3 ± 4.3 %) cases (P < 0.05), the middle cerebral vein — in 19 (54.3 ± 8.4 %) and 32 (82.1 ± 6.1 %) cases (P < 0.05), straight sinus — in 21 (60.0 ± 8.3 %) and 35 (89.7 ± 4.9 %) cases (P < 0.01), respectively. Conclusions. Among patients who suffered from COVID-19 with psychoemotional disor-ders, the systolic flow velocity in the veins of the brain is significantly higher than among patients who had COVID-19 without psychoemotional disorders. In addition, the non-periodic type of Doppler spectrum is recorded reliably (P < 0.05, P < 0.001) more often, which can be explained by the development of vasospasm.
Study of the intensity of postoperative pain after mine-explosive injury: a pilot study of different analgesics
Authors: Dmytriiev D.
Published: August 2024

Background. Mine-explosive injuries, often associated with traumatic and complex circumstances, pose unique challenges in the field of surgical interventions (SI) and subsequent pain management. That is why the main goal of this study was to determine the safety and effectiveness of a single dose of dinalbuphine sebacate 150 mg/2 ml as a component of multimodal analgesia applied intramuscularly before reconstructive surgeries due to mine-explosive lesions. Materials and methods. A prospective, open, non-randomized clinical study was carried out with the participation of 15 patients with mine-explosive injuries, who were treated using dinalbuphine sebacate 150 mg/2 ml as a component of multimodal anesthesia for postoperative pain. All patients received a single dose of dinalbuphine sebacate 150 mg/2 ml intramuscularly using the Z-technique in the gluteal area 12–24 hours before surgery. The Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) with a range from 0 to 10 points (0 = no pain, 10 = the worst imaginable pain) was used as a tool for assessing the severity of the pain syndrome. The StataCorp 2023 program was used for statistical analysis. Stata Statistical Software: Release 18. College Station, TX: StataCorp LLC. Simple linear regression analysis was used to study the relationship between Injury Severity Score (ISS) and VAS. Results. No statistically significant relationship between ISS and VAS was found. The study showed that 6 h after SI, the level of pain significantly decreased in comparison with that 6–8 hours after the use of the drug and was not statistically significantly different from the indicators of the following four days: VAS 6 hours after SI vs. 12 hours after SI — p = 0.2500, VAS 6 hours after SI vs. 24 hours after SI — p = 1.0000, VAS 6 hours after SI vs. 48 hours after SI — p= 0.4531, VAS 6 hours after SI vs. 96 hours after SI — p= 0.2188. At the same time, a statistically significant difference was found between VAS 6 hours after SI vs. 120 hours after SI — p= 0.0010. Conclusions. The efficacy and favorable to-lerability of dinalbuphine sebacate as a component of multimodal analgesia in the setting of postoperative analgesia in patients after reconstructive surgical interventions caused by mine-explosive injuries was demonstrated.
A clinical case of surgical treatment of coronary heart disease against the background of concomitant pathology: infective endocarditis of the aortic valve, Gerbode defect and complete atrioventricular block
Authors: Zhurba O.O. , Smolii S.V. , Proshak O.V. , Pechenenko A.R. , Конодюк М.С.
Published: August 2024

In many patients, mainly in the age group of 60–75 years, with coronary heart disease, valvular diseases, cardiac conduction disorders and other accompanying age-associated pathology are detected. This article presents a clinical case of a patient who was hospitalized with a primary diagnosis of myocardial infarction complicated by complete atrioventricular block. During the examination, a bicuspid aortic valve with stenosis of the second degree, subocclusion of the right coronary artery (95 %) were additionally revealed. The patient underwent emergency stenting of the right coronary artery and was implanted a temporary pacemaker. Due to persisted block after 10 days permanent pacemaker was implanted, but during further observation and examination, ultrasound and tomographic signs of infective endocarditis of the aortic valve were detected with an increase in the degree of its stenosis up to the third degree, abscess of the aortic root and interventricular septum and formation of left ventricular to right atrial shunt (Gerbode defect). The patient underwent aortic valve replacement, Gerbode defect repair with xenopericardial flaps, and pacemaker replacement with epicardial electrode implantation with good clinical results. Step-by-step diagnostic, therapeutic and surgical tactics are given.
DAMPAK PANDEMI COVID-19 TERHADAP FILANTROPI DI RUMAH SAKIT ISLAM YOGYAKARTA PDHI
Authors: Nurutama Bima Achmad
Published: August 2024

DAMPAK PANDEMI COVID-19 TERHADAP FILANTROPI DI RUMAH SAKIT ISLAM YOGYAKARTA PDHIBima Achmad B.N.1, Laksono T.2, Jodi Visnu3. INTISARI Latar belakang:Pandemi COVID-19 mulai menjangkit seluruh dunia sejak tahun 2019 yang disebabkan oleh SARS CoV-2 dan ditetapkan sebagai Bencana Nasional Non-Alam. Salah satu upaya pemerintah untuk mencegah dan menurunkan angka transmisi COVID-19 yaitu dengan pembatasan aktivitas sosial. Kebijakan pemerintah dalam pembatasan sosial telah memberi dampak signifikan terhadap penurunan kunjungan rumah sakit sejak bulan Maret 2020. Berbagai upaya dilakukan oleh rumah sakit untuk bertahan di kondisi pandemi COVID-19, salah satunya dengan filantropi. RSIY PDHI mulai mengembangkan kegiatan filantropi sejak awal berdiri. Berbagai kegiatan filantropi yang saat ini dikembangkan terbagi dalam 5 kategori yaitu pendidikan, kesehatan, kemanusiaan, ekonomi, dan sosial. Pengelolaan dana filantropi RSIY PDHI berasal dari zakat, infaq, sedekah, dan wakaf (ZISWAF) yang masuk ke RSIY PDHI Peduli. RSIY PDHI Peduli merupakan lembaga dibawah Yayasan RSIY PDHITujuan: Mengidentifikasi dampak pandemi COVID-19 terhadap aktivitas filantropi di RSIY PDHI dan mengeksplorasi potensi filantropi di RSIY PDHI.Metode : Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif dengan pendekatan kualitatif. Responden dipilih dengan cara purposive sampling. Dari masing-masing kategori responden akan dipilih sampel sebanyak 2-3 orang sampai tujuan penelitian tercapai. Analisis data penelitian dilakukan secara tematik. Hasil dan Pembahasan:Kunjungan rawat jalan dan rawat inap di beberapa RS area Sleman timur mengalami penurunan di bulan April 2020. Kondisi keuangan RSIY PDHI mengalami penurunan selama pandemi berlangsung. Dalam kegiatan filantropi RSIY PDHI terjadi penurunan jumlah infaq atau sedekah, namun jumlah zakat meningkat sejak awal terjadi pandemi. Donasi non tunai meningkat signifikan sebesar Rp 198.316.094. Total pengeluaran selama pandemi naik sebesar 160% dibandingkan periode sebelumnya. Berdasarkan analisa lingkungan bisnis internal dan eksternal untuk menggali potensi filantropi di RSIY PDHI, strategi jangka panjang dalam jangka waktu 10 (sepuluh) tahun kedepan RSIY PDHI Peduli akan menjadi Lembaga Amil Zakat Nasional dan membuat Pelayanan atau Fasilitas Pelayanan dari Wakaf atau Zakat. Sementara dalam jangka pendek 5 (lima) tahun kedepan adalah untuk merealisasikan pembuatan poliklinik gratis bagi masyarakat tidak mampu, dan memperluas kerja sama dengan mitra RSIY PDHI dalam kegiatan filantropi.Kesimpulan:Saat pandemi terjadi kenaikan pengeluaran rumah sakit dibandingkan kondisi sebelum pandemi namun terdapat peningkatan pemasukan dalam aktifitas filantropi, terutama dari donasi non tunai. Dengan dilaksanakannya kegiatan filantropi ini meningkatkan reputasi yang baik bagi RS Islam Yogyakarta PDHI. Kata Kunci: Donasi; Filantropi rumah sakit; Infaq; Pandemi COVID-19; Sedekah
The Impact of Cigarette Prices, Store Displays, Covid-19, and Excise Tariffs on Cigarette Consumption
Authors: Agiwahyuanto Faik , Widianawati Evina , Wulan Widya Ratna
Published: August 2024

Indonesia was the third country with the largest number of smokers in the world after China and India. The number of smokers in Indonesia tends to increase from the population of Indonesia. Factors that have an impact on cigarette consumption were cigarette prices, store displays, the Covid-19 pandemic, and excise tariffs. This research aims to examine the impact of cigarette prices, store displays, covid-19, and excise tariffs on cigarette consumption. This study used qualitative methods. This research was conducted from October 16 to November 13, 2020. Research instrument used in-depth interviews sheet and direct with participants. Interviews were transcribed verbatim and analysed used Haase's adaptation of Colaizzi's phenomenological. Research data analysis used content analysis with software Atlas.ti. The research results showed that cigarette prices, store displays, covid-19, and excise tariffs have no impact on cigarette consumption.
DETERMINAN KLAIM PENDING ASURANSI KESEHATAN DI THIRD PARTY ADMINISTRATOR (TPA) PT X TAHUN 2021
Authors: Kultsum Raisha
Published: August 2024

Berdasarkan data klaim asuransi tipe cashless tahun 2021 di Third Party Administrator Halodoc (TPA) terdapat 1.580 dokumen klaim yang pending dari total pengajuan klaim 16.020. Tujuan penelitian ini yaitu untuk menganalisis faktor yang berhubungan dengan terjadinya klaim pending di TPA Halodoc serta upaya penyelesaiannya. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kuantitatif yang didukung dengan data kualitatif dengan desain penelitian retrospektif. Sampel pada penelitian ini diambil menggunakan simple random sampling dengan rumus slovin dan diperoleh sebanyak 280 dokumen klaim. Instrumen yang digunakan yaitu telaah dokumen yang dianalisis dengan univariat dan bivariat. Hasil penelitian menggunakan uji fisher exact menunjukkan bahwa variabel kelengkapan dokumen klaim, kelengkapan pengisian resume medis, dan keterlambatan pengiriman dokumen klaim berhubungan dengan terjadinya klaim pending di TPA Halodoc dengan p-value < 0,05. Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini yaitu terdapat hubungan seluruh variabel bebas kelengkapan dokumen klaim, kelengkapan pengisian resume medis, dan keterambatan pengiriman dokumen klaim dengan variabel terikat yaitu klaim pending di TPA Halodoc tahun 2021. Sehingga fasilitas kesehatan yang bekerjasama dengan Halodoc perlu melakukan evaluasi rutin terhadap ketidaklengkapan dokumen klaim, mengadakan sosialisasi SOP tentang pengisian lembar resume medis, memperkuat fungsi tenaga verifikator di fasilitas kesehatan untuk melakukan verifikasi awal sebelum dokumen klaim dikirimkan ke TPA Halodoc. Selain itu Halodoc perlu melakukan sosialisasi kepada fasilitas kesehatan jika terdapat kebijakan baru terkait pengajuan dan penagihan klaim di TPA Halodoc
Penggunaan Theoretical Framework of Acceptability untuk Menilai Program Pencegahan Kehamilan Remaja: Dalam Konteks Penaggulangan Stunting di DI Yogyakarta. Using the Theoretical Framework of Acceptability for assessment of the preventing teen pregnancy program: In the context of stunting reduction in Yogyakarta
Authors: Siswati Tri , Maryuni Eni , Rahmawati Lutfi , Nugroho Rahmad Satya , Rialihanto Muhammad Primiaji , Olfah Yustiana
Published: August 2024

Pregnancies that occur at a younger age should be avoided because they are the root cause of childhood growth retardation. This study aims to assess the innovation of early pregnancy prevention programs (namely Emping Jamil or in Bahasa, Pendampingan Remaja untuk Ibu Hamil)) using the Theoretical Framework of Acceptability (TFA). This research is a mixed-method with quantitative data for assessing program indicator achievements, early pregnancy incidence, and stunting prevalence. Meanwhile, qualitative research was carried out with a rapid assessment procedure (RAP) design. The research was conducted in Terong Village, Dlingo II Health Center, Bantul Regency, Yogyakarta in July-August 2022. Quantitative data is analyzed by trend, and qualitative data is analyzed by theme. As a result, the Dlingo II Health Center implemented a program for preventing early pregnancy Emping Jamil since 2016. During 2016–2021, all program indicators increased, while the rate of early pregnancy and stunting prevalence decreased. The results of the TFA analysis stated that the Emping Jamil program is very linear with the government's efforts to overcome stunting through early pregnancy prevention (ethics), increasing knowledge, understanding, and public perception of the health of pregnant women and toddlers (perception of effectiveness), and all components of society understand how to have a positive attitude towards interventions (positive affective attitudes), play an active role and support the program (koherence), and increasing of pregnant women well-being, adolescent understanding of pregnancy, delaying the age of marriage, and reducing the prevalence of stunting (effectiveness of the intervention). The program is supported by financing derived from waste banks, community funds, and Puskesmas and is carried out by trained adolescent assistance personnel (burden). In conclusion, the Emping Jamil program can be accepted by all communities so that it succeeds in eliminating early pregnancy, improving the welfare of pregnant women, and reducing the stunting prevalence.
Comparison of Obinutuzumab and Rituximab for Treating Primary Membranous Nephropathy
Authors: Hu Xiaofan , Zhang Muyin , Xu Jing , Gao Chenni , Yu Xialian , Li Xiao , Ren Hong , Wang Weiming , Xie Jingyuan
Published: August 2024

Key Points

Obinutuzumab induced more remission than rituximab at 12 months in patients with primary membranous nephropathy.

Obinutuzumab shared a similar safety profile as rituximab in patients with primary membranous nephropathy.

Background

This study compared the effectiveness and safety profiles of obinutuzumab and rituximab in the treatment of patients with primary membranous nephropathy (MN).

Methods

Patients with primary MN who had urine protein ≥3.5 g/24 hours and eGFR ≥30 ml/min per 1.73 m2 despite 6 months of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor/angiotensin II receptor blocker and treatment with obinutuzumab or rituximab were included and matched by propensity score (ratio: 1:2) on the basis of age, sex, urine protein, eGFR, and titers of Anti-Phospholipase A2 receptor (PLA2R) antibody. The primary outcome was defined as a combination of partial or complete remission at 12 months. Logistic regression models, Kaplan–Meier curves, and absolute risk differences were used to compare the therapeutic effectiveness and safety profiles of obinutuzumab and rituximab.

Results

Sixty-three patients with primary MN were included in the study, with 21 patients receiving obinutuzumab and 42 patients receiving rituximab. At 12 months, the primary outcome was achieved in 20 of 21 patients in the obinutuzumab group and 28 of 42 patients in the rituximab group (obinutuzumab versus rituximab: 95% versus 67%; odds ratio, 10.00; 95% confidence intervals, 1.21 to 82.35; P = 0.03). Moreover, patients in the obinutuzumab group acquired more complete remission (obinutuzumab versus rituximab: 38% versus 14%; odds ratio, 3.69; 95% confidence interval, 1.08 to 12.68; P = 0.04). In PLA2R-associated primary MN subgroup analyses, patients in the obinutuzumab group sustained lower CD19 B-cell counts (CD19 B-cell counts: median [interquartile range] 0 [0–6] cells/μl versus 20 [3–58] cells/μl, P = 0.002) and were more prone to achieve immunological remission (defined as PLA2R antibody <2 RU/ml) at 6 months (obinutuzumab versus rituximab: 92% [12 out of 13] versus 64% [16 out of 25], P = 0.06) than rituximab. Both treatment regimens were well tolerated.

Conclusions

Our study demonstrated that obinutuzumab is associated with higher odds of clinical remission compared with rituximab at 12 months, which may be due to higher immunological remission at 6 months with a similar safety profile in patients with primary MN.
In vitro Evaluation of the Antimicrobial Effect of Common UAE Natural Herbals on Different Gram-positive and Gram-negative Bacteria
Authors: Osman Ahmed L. , Kandakurti Praveen Kumar , Mahmoud Alaa A. , Ahmed Fadak Y. , Azzam Ibtisam J. , Yahya Shuroq A. , Shadroch Devapriya Finney
Published: August 2024

The main goal of this research is to assess the antibacterial effectiveness of commonly used UAE natural herbs, including Turmeric, Henna, Sidr, and Myrrh, against a range of bacteria such as Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus agalactiae (group B streptococci), Streptococcus pyogenes (group A streptococci), Escherichia coli, Enterococcus faecalis, Proteus mirabilis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Klebsiella pneumoniae. Agar diffusion technique was utilized in this study. The herbs were extracted and prepared in serial dilution, a standardized amount of the test microorganisms were inoculated on the agar plates. Subsequently, extracted herbs were placed in the wells that formed on the surface of the media. The agar plates are then incubated at 37°C under appropriate condition. Typically, the herbs extract diffuses in the media, inhibiting the germination of the bacteria, the zone of inhibition is subsequently measured. Significant inhibitory effects were observed with henna herbal extract against 75% of Gram-positive bacteria, while 25% of the bacteria showed inhibition when using sidr extract. Myrrh exhibited an antibacterial effect against most tested bacteria. Comparatively less of an impact was seen by turmeric extract on both Gram-negative and Gram-positive. The antibacterial efficacy of the four plant extracts suggests that Henna displayed the highest effectiveness, followed by Sidr and Myrrh, with Turmeric showing the least potency. Additionally, strains such as E. coli, E. faecalis, P. aeruginosa, K. pneumoniae, and P. mirabilis demonstrated resistance to the plant extracts, while S. aureus, S. pyogenes, and S. agalactiae appeared to be the most susceptible strains. These findings underscore the potential of plant extracts in treating bacterial infections, offering insights for the development of novel compounds with enhanced activity against both resistant and susceptible bacteria, thereby addressing the limitations of current antibiotic agents.
Antibiotic Usage Pattern against COVID-19 in Patients of a Tertiary Care Hospital
Authors: Hiremath Geetanjali , Naik Rajesh Vishnu , Hanji Harsha , Hiremath Shrikant
Published: August 2024

The coronavirus disease of 2019 (COVID-19) emerged as a pandemic at the end of 2019. The clinical presentation of COVID-19 was comparable to bacterial infections, and due to the ambiguity of an effective treatment method, the healthcare professionals routinely used antibiotics to treat the patients. So, this study evaluated the antibiotic usage patterns at our hospitals among COVID-19 patients, considering the World Health Organization (WHO) AWaRe (Access, Watch, and Reserve) classification. The present study was a retrospective observational hospital record-based study on COVID-19 patients admitted from March-August 2020. A total of 256 COVID-19 patients were enrolled, considering inclusion and exclusion criteria. Data collection utilizing a standardized case record form to capture all information methodically based on age, sex, comorbidities, duration, and nature of the symptoms. Drug data, for example antibiotic usage patterns were collected with detailed prescription analysis, including route, dose, frequency and number of antibiotics used. A structured proforma was used to analyze data, and descriptive statistical analysis was performed and presented as Histograms. The WHO AWaRe antibiotic classification was used to determine the antibiotics’ suitability for empirical therapy. The mean age of the participants was 40.00 ± 15.46 years with male predominance, 188 (73.43%) in number, compared to females, with 68 (26.56%). Almost all the current study participants received one or more antibiotics during their hospital stay, and a maximum of the patients 126 (49.22%) received 2 antibiotics during treatment, 78 (30.47%) subjects who were managed with 3 antibiotics, and the rest, 52 (20.31%) participants received only 1 antibiotic during their hospital stay. To treat moderate to severely ill patients, the most used antibiotic was doxycycline, followed by meropenem and piperacillin/tazobactam. The findings of this study will provide baseline data that will help to generate strategies to reduce antibiotic prescriptions for the formulation of better antibiotic stewardship programs (ASP) and institutional policies to fight against any infection in a better way in the near future.
O Orçamento Participativo no Sul Global: por uma nova difusão internacional
Authors: Porto Henrique Dias , Rena Natacha
Published: August 2024

O Orçamento Participativo (OP), surgido no Brasil no final dos anos 1980, é uma prática construída com base em preceitos de aprofundamento democrático e justiça espacial. Diante disso, expandiu-se pelo país e pelo mundo, em um primeiro momento, como bandeira da possibilidade de uma reinvenção da democracia para além das limitações do modelo liberal. Contudo, alguns processos políticos fizeram com que esse instrumento se transformasse, à medida que se espalhava pelo mundo, ao mesmo tempo que perdia força e efetividade no Brasil. Este trabalho é dedicado a promover reflexões a respeito dos processos de expansão e decadência do OP na esfera nacional e internacional, bem como das possibilidades de repensar esse instrumento tendo em vista uma concepção popular e democrática ancorada no Sul Global.
How do Indonesian students learn function concepts? A praxeological analysis of textbook
Authors: Utami Nadya Syifa , Prabawanto Sufyani , Suryadi Didi
Published: August 2024

The conception of functions, defined as the relationship between magnitudes or sets of ordered pairs, varies among students depending on the contextualization of the concept within the curriculum, notably in school textbooks. This investigation endeavors to scrutinize the approach taken by Indonesian textbooks in introducing the function concept at the lower secondary school level. An eighth-grade mathematics textbook was scrutinized utilizing praxeology, the fundamental construct of the Anthropological Theory of the Didactic. The analytical process unfolded in three main phases: examination of the praxis block, analysis of the logos block, and evaluation of the textbook's praxeological structure in collaboration with experts and educators. The examination revealed that the Indonesian textbook organizes functions into three distinct local praxeological frameworks: functions as sets, bijective functions, and functions as relationships between magnitudes. The praxis primarily emphasizes tasks and techniques for functions formulated by sets, shaping the landscape of function learning in Indonesia. Consequently, a notable epistemological gap within logos stems from the disparity between two conceptions of functions: functions as sets and analytical expressions. These findings underscore the necessity for an alternative praxeological arrangement of functions, mainly to bridge the divide between the set-theoretical definition and the analytical expression of a function.
Corrigendum to “Developing mathematics teaching materials using maritime context for higher-order thinking in junior high school,” [Journal on Mathematics Education, Volume 15, No. 1, 2024, pp. 173-190]
Authors: Malalina  , Putri Ratu Ilma Indra , Zulkardi  , Hartono Yusuf
Published: August 2024

The authors express regret regarding the first author's affiliation with the Mathematics Education Department, Universitas Sriwijaya, Palembang, Indonesia. They extend their apologies for any inconvenience this may have caused.
As ideias filosóficas de Antônio Pedro de Figueiredo (1814?-1859) e do misterioso O (? - ?)
Authors: Margutti Paulo
Published: August 2024

O presente livro é mais um complemento ao 3º volume de nossa História da Filosofia do Brasil, apresentando agora um estudo mais detalhado das ideias filosóficas de Antônio Pedro de Figueiredo e do Misterioso O, um autor responsável pela redação de textos importantes tradicionalmente atribuídos ao primeiro. Nos volumes anteriores, expusemos as ideias filosóficas de Nísia Floresta, Eduardo Ferreira França e Domingos Gonçalves de Magalhães. A nossa estratégia continua a mesma: a fim de evitar uma extensão excessiva no 3º volume, estamos apresentando em detalhes as ideias dos pensadores brasileiros oitocentistas que nele são estudados. Isso nos permitirá reduzir a extensão do referido volume, fazendo referência aos resultados expostos nos livros sobre autores individuais sempre que necessário. O objetivo de nossa pesquisa continua sendo o mesmo, a saber, realizar uma reavaliação da história da filosofia brasileira do s. XIX, corrigindo alguns erros e preconceitos da nossa historiografia tradicional e colocando essa mesma história numa perspectiva mais respeitosa e mais equilibrada.
RESISTÊNCIAS E RELIGIOSIDADE DOS INDÍGENAS TABAJARA DA PARAÍBA NO SÉCULO XXI
Authors: Freire de Andrade Júnior Glício , Barcellos Lusival Antonio
Published: August 2024

A representação do índio como ‘o outro’, ‘selvagem’, ‘exótico’ foi o meio retórico utilizado para que ocorressem as mais grotescas formas de domínio, escravidão, invisibilidade e extermínio desse povo. Uma riqueza cultural como costumes, língua, culinária, crença, rituais, espiritualidades deixou de ser reconhecida e foi exterminada. O entendimento e a valorização acerca dos povos ancestrais foram silenciados e apagados. Autores como Costa (2022), Falcão (2022), Farias (2021) e Figueiredo (2020), asseveram que esse olhar acerca dos povos originários continua existindo e está presente na sociedade, principalmente através de manifestações de preconceitos, discriminações e desvalorização dessa cultura ancestral. O presente estudo é um recorte de tese de doutorado que analisa os limites e desafios do Universo Religioso dos Indígenas Tabajara da Paraíba, no século XXI (Andrade Júnior, 2022). Nesse sentido, o objetivo é analisar a relação dos Tabajara com a fé cristã professada pelas igrejas pentecostais. Trata-se de um trabalho com abordagem qualitativa, que utiliza a pesquisa descritiva e bibliográfica na última década. Os resultados revelam que os Tabajara, na busca pela retomada de seus territórios e na preservação da sua identidade, continuam enfrentando conflitos no campo da religiosidade e da afirmação da sua etnicidade.
Modeling the Effects of Safety Culture Affecting Safety Performance on Occupational Accidents with System Dynamics
Authors: Küçük İbrahim , Yağımlı Mustafa , Işıktaş İsmail
Published: August 2024

Despite the advancement of technology in the world, human safety and occupational health are still exposed to numerous hazards in working life. Due to the heavy material and moral burden that occupational accidents will create on the socio-economic structure due to the lack of safety culture, countries are constantly looking for alternative safety culture policies to prevent occupational accidents. In our study, the role of safety practices, pressures and other conditions to reduce occupational accidents and the relationships between them were examined. The aim of the study is to present a System Synnamics (SD) model that can show the frequency values, costs, level of system safety and risks associated with accidents, human resources and productivity performances of occupational accidents in a certain time period. For this purpose, the behaviors of the factors affecting safety management in order to reduce occupational accidents have been analyzed, and the complexity of the causal factors affecting safety performance and safety culture has been revealed. In the next step, basic variables were defined, causal diagrams and flow diagrams were drawn, and a model was prepared with Stella Archtect 3.3 software and the data was simulated. Four different scenarios were defined in order to evaluate the sensitivity of the model and to determine the leverage variables. As a result of our study, the effects of both the safety management scenario and the human resources management scenario that cause a significant decrease in the number of accidents were seen. Another important aspect of the model we prepared in the study is the expansion and development of the model by adding new modules to create different Safety models. As a result of the study, compared to other scenarios, the safety management scenario has reduced the number of unsafe situations and unsafe behaviors, the number of incidents, the number of risks, the effect of occupational accidents and the effect of accident costs; It has been found that with the focus on safety, it causes an increase in its effect on production efficiency and on the basis of its contribution to more efficient use of human resources.
Los derechos humanos en Costa Rica ante la encrucijada del «ultra neoliberalismo y la derecha alternativa Alt-Righ» del siglo XXI. Mecanismos para resistir
Authors: Fernández-Fernández Ana Lucía
Published: August 2024

El objetivo de este ensayo es explicar la significancia de los derechos humanos en el marco de la segunda década del siglo XXI, con énfasis en el contexto costarricense. Para ello, se presentan dos perspectivas: el derecho individual versus el interés superior de todas las personas. Posteriormente, se analiza la evolución histórica del proyecto neoliberal en Costa Rica a partir de la década de 1980 y cómo este ensanchó las desigualdades en el país y el descontento social. Esto, ha dado lugar a personajes que utilizan prácticas y narrativas de la derecha alternativa o Alt-Right, con el fin de fomentar una polarización social, una inercia política y un retroceso en el alcance de los derechos humanos en el país, al tiempo que profundizan las políticas neoliberales, a través de discursos y prácticas de la Alt-Right, que ponen en riesgo la institucionalidad democrática. Se concluye que el interés superior de las personas, el bienestar de los grupos más vulnerables y el ejercicio de los derechos humanos no son una prioridad para este tipo de gobiernos. Por ende, se proponen mecanismos para resistir la embestida antidemocrática.
Políticas económicas de finales de siglo XX e inicios de siglo XXI: Semilla del desmantelamiento del Sector Agropecuario en Costa Rica
Authors: Alfaro-Rodríguez Carlos
Published: August 2024

Este texto pretende dar una visión panorámica sobre el desarrollo histórico del Sector Agropecuario en Costa Rica como eje fundamental del desarrollo económico-social, hasta el impacto de las políticas neoliberales, encabezadas inicialmente por los Programas de Ajuste Estructural (PAE), lo cual ha desincentivado la inversión interna en este importante sector económico del país, lo que ha provocado su debilitamiento. Se expone cómo, durante parte del siglo XX se dio una política asociada a keynesianismo, con un fuerte apoyo estatal, que ha ido reduciéndose y eliminándose, motivado por intereses económicos y por diversas crisis financieras, que provocaron abandonar ese modelo y priorizar en una desregulación a la importación de productos agropecuarios. Por último, se da una serie de recomendaciones que ayudarían a recuperar esta actividad productiva, la cual es esencial para garantizar el sustento y seguridad alimentaria de la población costarricense.
Beyond Indigenous Religions in Indonesia: Struggling for their rights
Authors: Arifin Ferdi
Published: August 2024

ndigenous religions in Indonesia include several registered organizations that struggle for their community rights. However, their struggle seems endless because the majority has insufficient knowledge and perspective of indigenous religions’ belief system. This study examines the process of their struggle historically to unveil their efforts to obtain their rights as citizens. Employing a qualitative method is suitable for this study because it utilizes literature reviews to understand the historical story of indigenous religions’ journey during their struggle. This study shows that the communities of indigenous religions should be paid attention by the government because the supreme council court of Indonesia has claimed legally their existence but the sub-institutions in each region cannot fully imply the legal standing of the decision.
Perfil clínico-epidemiológico dos pacientes com hiperparatireoidismo secundário acompanhados em um ambulatório de referência de Salvador, BA, Brasil
Authors: Oliveira Moreira Yara , Lara Neves Carolina , Pereira de Lima David Juceni
Published: August 2024

Introdução: o hiperparatireoidismo secundário (HPTS) é uma das complicações frequentes nos pacientes em diálise e caracteriza-se por hiperplasia das glândulas paratireoides, elevados níveis séricos de paratormônio e uma doença óssea de alto remanejamento. Objetivo: devido à importância da patologia e o grande impacto sobre a morbimortalidade desses pacientes, o presente estudo objetiva descrever o perfil clínico-epidemiológico dos pacientes com HPTS em um ambulatório de referência em distúrbio mineral e ósseo (DMO). Método: estudo epidemiológico observacional descritivo com desenho transversal retrospectivo de toda população de pacientes em diálise, encaminhados para primeiro atendimento em um ambulatório de referência em DMO do Estado da Bahia no período 1º de janeiro de 2013 a 31 de dezembro de 2014. Resultados: dos 182 pacientes eleitos, 58,24% dos indivíduos eram do sexo masculino; a idade média foi de 46 (± 12 anos) anos; 28% tinham a hipertensão arterial sistêmica como causa da doença renal crônica; o tempo médio de diálise foi de 84,79 (±52,16) meses; 60,77% realizavam diálise em Salvador e 50,55% eram assintomáticos. O cloridrato de sevelâmer foi o medicamento mais utilizado pelos pacientes, representando 75,82% de prevalência. A hiperfosfatemia foi verificada em 54,6% da população; 75,29% estavam com valores de fosfatase alcalina (FA) iguais e/ou acima de 300U/L e 90,66% com paratormônio (PTH) acima de 600 pg/ml. Conclusão: evidenciou-se uma população com HPTS grave, que requer uma necessidade de promover educação continuada dos médicos, melhor divulgação dos protocolos clínicos e disponibilização e fluxos de dispensação das novas terapêuticas.
Uso de Limiares de Custo-Efetividade nas Decisões em Saúde: reflexões sobre a viabilidade da proposta da Conitec
Authors: Floriano Nascimento Harrison , Ferreira Fernandes Machado Juliana , Assunção Costa Lindemberg
Published: August 2024

Diante da relevância socioeconômica da proposta da Comissão Nacional de Incorporação de Tecnologias (Conitec) de se adotar um limiar de custo-efetividade explícito para a incorporação de tecnologias de saúde no Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS), este grupo de autores decidiu participar desta consulta pública dada sua expertise e atuação nas áreas de Assistência Farmacêutica, Avaliação de Tecnologias em Saúde, Farmacoeconomia, Gestão, Planejamento e Inovação em Saúde.
UAV-operátorok által létrehozott hosszúperiodikus, divergáló lengések
Authors: Szabolcsi Róbert
Published: August 2024

A humán operátorok a légi járművek irányítása során akaratlanul is létrehozhatnak olyan divergáló, instabil lengéseket (Pilot-Induced Oscillation – PIO), amelyek akár a légi jármű komoly sérüléséhez, vagy esetleg az elvesztéséhez is vezethetnek. A hagyományos légi járművek PIO-jelenségeit már régóta vizsgálják a szakemberek, de a pilóta nélküli légi járművek (Unmanned Aerial Vehicle – UAV) PIO jelenségei csak nemrég kerültek a tudósok látókörébe. Ily módon, az UAV-k rohamos elterjedésének is köszönhetően, ez a terület a jelen és a közeljövő ígéretes kutatási területe, amelynek eredményeit az UAV-alkalmazók, és főleg az UAV-operátorok hathatósan tudják majd felhasználni.
Lánctalpas buldózerek a Magyar Honvédségben
Authors: Kovács Péter
Published: August 2024

A gépesítés, a munka egyszerűsítése mindig is fő szempont volt mind a civil, mind a katonai területen. Manapság számos olyan technikai újítás, modern eszköz került hadrendbe, amelyek lényegesen meggyorsítják a feladatok végrehajtását, sőt a munkagépekkezelése, működtetése is a kezelő kényelmét szolgálja. A régi eszközök közül ugyan sok még ma is hadra fogható állapotban van, az idő múlásával azonban a korábbi eszközparkot fokozatosan felváltják a kor elvárásainak megfelelő, modern műszaki eszközök. Ez utóbbiak immár egy korszerű, új értékrendet képviselnek.
Pengaruh Penggunaan E-Commerce, Inovasi Produk, Dan Kemampuan Menyusun Laporan Keuangan Terhadap Kinerja Operasional Pada Usaha Mikro Kecil Dan Menengah (UMKM ) Di Kabupaten Karangasem
Authors: Kusuma I Ketut Gede Kertha Kusuma , Ni Luh Gede Erni Sulindawati
Published: August 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk  mengentahui pengaruh Penggunaan e commerce, Inovasi produk dan kemampuan menyusun laporan keuangan terhdap kinerja operasional UMKM di kabupaten Karangasem. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian deskriptif dan asosiatif dengan pendekatan kuantitatif. Jenis data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah data kuantitatif merupakan data dalam bentuk angka dan dinyatakan dalam satuan hitung, data yang diperoleh dari hasil penyebaran kuesioner berupa skor angka. Sumber data dalam penelitian ini yaitu dana skunder dan data primer. Populasi yang digunakan adalam penelitian adalah UMKM di kabupaten Karangasem. Metode penentuan sampel menggunakan kreteria Random Sampling. Jumlah responden dalam penelitian ini 100 responden dari pengurus UMKM. Hasil uji menyatakan bahwa variabel Penggunaan e commerce berpengaruah positif dan signifikan terhadap Kinerja operasional UMKM, variabel Inovasi produk berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap Kinerja operasional UMKM, dan variabel Kemampuan menyusun laporan keuangan berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap Kinerja operasional UMKMdi Kecamatan Buleleng. Serta dalam uji koefisien determinasi (R2) menunjukkan hasil bahwa variabel Penggunaan e commerce (X1), Inovasi produk (X2), dan Kemampuan menyusun laporan keuangan (X3) mampu mempengaruhi Kinerja operasional UMKMdi Kecamatan Buleleng secara bersama-sama sebesar 63,9% sedangkan sisanya sebesar 36,1% dipengaruhi oleh variabel lain diluar regresi.
Pengaruh Persepsi Kemudahan, Persepsi Kegunaan, Dan Persepsi Risiko Terhadap Minat Melakukan Pinjaman Pada Fintech Peer-To-Peer Lending
Authors: Putu Satya Dadi Saputra  , Sulindawati Ni Luh Gede Erni
Published: August 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji pengaruh persepsi kemudahan, persepsi kegunaan, dan persepsi risiko terhadap minat penggunaan peer-to-peer lending pada UMKM di Kabupaten Buleleng. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian dengan menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif. Populasi penelitian ini terdiri dari seluruh pelaku UMKM sektor Perdagangan di Kabupaten Buleleng. Pengambilan sampel dilakukan menggunakan non-probability sampling dengan teknik purposive sampling. Jumlah sampel yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah 100 UMKM Sektor Perdagangan di Kabupaten Buleleng yang mengetahui terkait aplikasi pinjaman online. Data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah data primer yang dikumpulkan melalui kuesioner dengan menggunakan skala likert. Analisis data digunakan dengan analisis deskriptif, uji kualitas data, uji asumsi klasik, dan uji hipotesis menggunakan SPSS 25. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukan bahwa (1) Persepsi Kemudahan berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap minat UMKM dalam melakukan pinjaman pada fintech lending yang terdaftar di OJK; (2) Persepsi Kegunaan berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap minat UMKM dalam melakukan pinjaman pada fintech lending yang terdaftar di OJK; (3) Persepsi Risiko berpengaruh negatif dan signifikan terhadap minat UMKM dalam melakukan pinjaman pada fintech lending yang terdaftar di OJK.
Pengaruh Rasio Keuangan Terhadap Perubahan Laba pada perusahaan Sub Sektor Pariwisata, Hotel dan Restoran dalam Transisi New Normal
Authors: Sigit Wahyudi Sigit Wahyudi , Dewi Putu Eka Dianita Marvilianti
Published: August 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh rasio keuangan terhadap perubahan laba pada perusahaan sub sektor pariwisata, hotel dan restoran dalam transisi new normal. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian yang menggunakan metode kuantitatif.  Metode kuantitatif diartikan sebagai metode penelitian yang berlandaskan pada filsafat positivisme, digunakan untuk meneliti pada populasi atau sampel tertentu, pengumpulan data menggunakan instrumen penelitian, analisis data bersifat kuantitatif atau statistik, dengan tujuan untuk mengaju hipotensis yang telah ditetapkan. Data yang digunakan yaitu data sekunder yang diperoleh dari laporan keuangan perusahaan yang dapat diakses pada website resmi Bursa Efek Indonesia yaitu www.idx.co.id untuk periode 2022 sampai dengan 2023 dalam transisi new normal. Populasi dalam penelitian ini menggunakan sub sektor pariwisata, hotel dan restoran yang tercatat di Bursa Efek Indonesia (BEI) sebanyak 41 perusahaan. Teknik pengambilan sampel yang digunakan yaitu purposive sampling dan mendapatkan jumlah sampel sebanyak 32 perusahaan. Data yang diperoleh selanjutnya diuji dan dianalisis dengan uji analisis statistik deskriptif, uji asumsi klasik dan pengujian hipotesis menggunakan software SPSS versi 25. Dari analisis data tersebut menunjukan hasil penelitian bahwa : (1) current ratio tidak berpengaruh terhadap perubahan laba (2) debt to equity ratio tidak berpengaruh terhadap perubahan laba (3) total asset turnover berpengaruh positif terhadap perubahan laba (4) operating profit margin berpengaruh positif terhadap perubahan laba.
Analisis Tingkat Keterampilan Berpikir Kritis Siswa Kelas XI IPA SMA PGRI 1 Jombang pada Materi Asam Basa Ditinjau dari Perbedaan Gender
Authors: 'Aisy Syandifa Rohadlotul
Published: August 2024

Keterampilan berpikir kritis sangat dibutuhkan untuk memahami materi asam basa, karena merupakan topik yang kompleks, abstrak dan menimbulkan banyak miskonsepsi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk 1.) mengetahui tingkat keterampilan berpikir kritis siswa laki-laki dan perempuan pada materi asam basa; 2.) mengetahui perbedaan keterampilan berpikir kritis siswa laki-laki dan perempuan pada materi asam basa. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan adalah deskriptif kuantitatif, dengan pendekatan ex-post facto comparative. Instrumen soal tes yang digunakan berupa 15 butir soal uraian sesuai dengan indikator keterampilan berpikir kritis serta termasuk kategori level taksonomi bloom C4, C5 dan C6. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa 1.) Terdapat perbedaan nilai rata-rata siswa laki-laki lebih rendah yaitu 24 dan perempuan lebih tinggi yaitu 29. 2.) Hasil uji signifikansi menunjukkan bahwa tidak ada perbedaan tingkat keterampilan berpikir kritis yang signifikan antara siswa laki-laki dan perempuan. Perbedaan hasil lebih dipengaruhi faktor eksternal
Kata kunci: Keterampilan Berpikir Kritis, Gender, Asam Basa
BENTUK VISUAL PATUNG MACAN KURUNG KABUPATEN JEPARA: ANALISIS SEMIOTIKA CHARLES SANDERS PEIRCE
Authors: Aghnia Innaz Muthia , Na’am Muh Fakhrihun , Sinaga Syahrul Syah
Published: August 2024

Patung adalah karya seni rupa tiga dimensi, yang memiliki dimensi panjang, lebar, dan tinggi sehingga memiliki volume. Visualisasi patung merupakan bentuk representasi dari manusia, hewan, dan tumbuhan maupun bentuk lainnya. Patung Macan Kurung adalah salah satu patung dengan medium kayu utuh yang dipahat tanpa sambungan, digunakan hanya sebagai barang nonfungsional dan pertama kali dijumpai di Kabupaten Jepara. Patung Macan Kurung menjadi identitas awal kota Jepara sebagai Kota Ukir. Penelitian dilakukan untuk menganalisis mengenai kajian semiotika Charles Sanders Peirce mengenai patung Macan Kurung Kabupaten Jepara. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode kualitatif dan hasil data disajikan secara deskriptif. Proses pengumpulan data menggunakan observasi, wawancara, dan dokumentasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa dalam patung Macan Kurung yang ada di Kabupaten Jepara memiliki bentuk yang unik dan menarik, sehingga terdapat banyak sekali symbol yang tersirat di dalam patung Macan Kurung.Kata Kunci: Patung, Macan Kurung, Kabupaten Jepara, Semiotika Peirce.