bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Clinical Study of De novo Histoid Leprosy
Authors: Bangaru H , Kazi Seema Afreen
Published: January 2025

Histoid leprosy is an uncommon variant of lepromatous leprosy with a unique clinical presentation with asymptomatic multiple, discrete, shiny, dome-shaped skin-colored to erythematous papules and nodules seen over the face, trunk, extremities, histopathological findings, and a characteristic bacterial morphology that usually follows treatment failure especially after dapsone monotherapy. Occasionally, it occurs de novo without any history of previous inadequate or irregular treatment. In this study, we present a total of 8 cases of histoid leprosy with their clinical and histopathological findings. Eight cases of histoid leprosy coming to the outpatient department were enrolled after taking written informed consent. Clinical and histopathological characterization of histoid leprosy. We present a clinical study of clinical, histopathological, and bacteriological features of eight patients with histoid leprosy. The highly bacilliferous, though less common, histoid variant of lepromatous leprosy is increasingly occurring de novo. A probable reason may be due to primary dapsone resistance by the folP1 gene, and another possibility could be due to other mutations in the Mycobacterium leprae. Early recognition of de novo cases with prompt institution of sufficient duration of WHO multibacillary multidrug therapy therapy under prolonged follow-up is important to ensure a favorable outcome.
Single Session Multimodal Approach to Treat Acne Scars Using Subcision, Fractional CO2, and Stromal Vascular Fraction Injection
Authors: Gupta Aakash , Chandraiah Madura , Shivanna Chandrashekar Byalakere
Published: January 2025

Background:

Acne scars are commonly seen in the young population affecting quality of life. Treatment requires different modalities which can span over few months to years. A multimodal approach is required to treat various types of scars in a single session.

Aims and Objectives:

The aim of this study was to assess the efficacy and safety of multimodal approach for acne scars using blunt subcision, fractional CO2 laser, and stromal vascular fraction (SVF) injection.

Materials and Methods:

The study included 20 patients with atrophic scars. All the patients were treated with subcision using Taylor Acne Liberator™ after injection of tumescent anesthesia, CO2 laser, and SVF injection. Patients were followed up at intervals of 5 days, 1 month, and 3 months. Side effects of the procedure were noted.

Results:

The mean improvement in acne scars was 3.2 after 3 months of procedure. This indicates the role of multimodal approach in treating various types of scars in single sessions. Seventy percent of patients were extremely satisfied with the procedure.

Conclusion:

The multimodal approach gives excellent results in the management of acne scars and can be used when patients cannot visit frequently for treatment.
The Relationship between Serous Choroidal Detachment and the Ahmed Glaucoma Valve Failure
Authors: Yadgari Maryam , Shojaei Baghini Ahmad , Vafaei Fatemeh , Attarian Behnoosh , Hatami Mohammadmehdi , Sheibani Kourosh , Hooshmandi Sadid
Published: January 2025

Purpose:

To investigate the effect of serous choroidal detachment (SCD) on the success of Ahmed glaucoma valve (AGV) implantation.

Methods:

Patients who underwent AGV implantation and developed SCD were included in the case group. The control group was matched based on age, sex, baseline intraocular pressure (IOP), glaucoma type, and the number of glaucoma medications. The patient data were retrospectively extracted from available records. The primary outcome measure was an AGV success rate based on 5 < IOP <18 and a 20% reduction from baseline.

Results:

Seventeen patients were enrolled in the case group and 38 in the control group. Preoperative visual acuity of patients was 1.17 ± 0.43 and 1.16 ± 0.37 logMAR in the case and control groups, respectively. The patients in the case group showed higher mean IOP at all time intervals compared to controls. However, the mean IOP only reached a statistically significant difference at 3 months (17.94 ± 6.78 mmHg vs. 13.39 ± 3.09 mmHg, P = 0.003). The mean survival duration was significantly shorter in patients with SCD (10.4 ± 0.7 months vs. 11.7 ± 0.2 months for controls log-rank = 4.1, P = 0.04). The cumulative probability of success was 76.5% in patients with SCD and 94.7% in the control group after 12 months.

Conclusions:

SCD after AGV implantation could be a risk factor for failure. A larger prospective study with a longer follow-up duration is required to confirm the present study results.
Epidemiology and Visual Outcome of Pediatric Ocular Trauma in a Major Tertiary Eye Center in Tunisia: A 6-Year Retrospective Study
Authors: Rmili Mohamed Foued , Chebil Ahmed , Limaiem Rim , Chaker Nibrass , Bouraoui Rym , Falfoul Yousra , El Matri Leila
Published: January 2025

Purpose:

To describe the epidemiological profile, clinical characteristics, and visual outcome of pediatric ocular trauma in Tunisia.

Methods:

In this retrospective cohort study, we reviewed the charts of 398 children younger than 16 years of age, presenting to the Emergency Department “B” of Hedi Rais Institute of Ophthalmology, for ocular trauma. The study period was between January 1, 2013, and January 1, 2019. The final best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) was measured at the end of the follow-up period, which was 6 months. We used the Chi-squared test to compare the two groups of final visual acuities (good vs. poor visual outcome) for different prognostic factors. The ocular trauma score (OTS) and the pediatric OTS (POTS) were calculated for each child. We used the Cohen’s kappa coefficient to evaluate the agreement between our final visual acuities using OTS and POTS.

Results:

The mean age was 7.95 years with a sex ratio (males to females) of 5.32. Closed-globe injury (CGI) was found in 321 eyes, while 101 eyes had open-globe injury (OGI). Injuries were bilateral in 24 children. The majority of injuries occurred at home. The predominant mechanism of injury was fall in CGI and tree branch in OGI. Initial and final BCVA were predominantly ≤0.3 logMAR in both CGI and OGI. OTS category 3 and POTS category 2 were the most common. Factors associated with poor prognosis included delay to consultation >24 h (P = 0.0001); initial BCVA >1 logMAR (P = 0.0001); OGI (P = 0.001); size of injury ≥5 mm (P = 0.01); zone III in OGI (P = 0.032); endophthalmitis (P = 0.001); OTS 1 and 2 (P = 0.01); POTS 1 (P = 0.0001); and the following associated lesions: cataract (P = 0.006), retinal detachment (P = 0.03), and intraocular foreign body (P = 0.03). We found that both OTS (P = 0.001) and POTS (P = 0.003) were predictive of the final BCVA, with a moderate agreement between them (Cohen’s kappa = 0.56).

Conclusions:

Studying the epidemiological profile and identifying the risk factors for poor visual outcome of pediatric ocular trauma are necessary to implement preventive measures. A thorough clinical evaluation and close patient follow-up are crucial for identifying these risk factors. Both OTS and POTS were predictive of the final visual outcome. POTS has the advantage of bypassing the initial visual acuity which may be difficult to assess in children.
Compliance of registered nurses with patient safety precautions in paediatric units: A cross sectional study from Eastern India
Authors: Shivani S. , Bai J. Hepsi
Published: January 2025

Objectives:

Patient safety is an important aspect of the quality of healthcare rendered. The incidence of adverse events or medical errors is more common in children than adults. The present study aimed to study registered nurse (RN) compliance with safety precautions for patients admitted to paediatric wards.

Methodology:

This was a cross-sectional study conducted in paediatric units of tertiary care hospitals in Eastern India during the 1st half of 2020. Data were collected using validated observation checklist.

Results:

A total of 189 observations were made from all three paediatric units. The reason stated for non-compliance by RNs regarding hand anti-septic close to bed was 40 (66.7%) as non-availability was the major reason mentioned followed by 10 (5.3%) not an assigned responsibility and 10 (5.3%) time constraints.

Conclusion:

For paediatric inpatients, the majority of RNs followed the safety precautions. Despite the significant progress made in recent years due to increased awareness of patient safety precautions, there is still a need to increase patient safety compliance by addressing non-compliance factors such as time constraints, high nurse-to-patient ratios and redundant tasks.
Poor Glycemic Control and its Determinants in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Taking Treatment at an Urban Health and Training Center in Goa: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Mascarenhas e Dias Nadia Claire , Kamble Vishakha Uday , Cacodcar Jagadish Anil
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACT

Background:

National Family Health Survey 5 (2019–2021) reported an increased random blood sugar level among 37% of Goans. According to the recent ICMR-INDIAB study, Goa had the highest prevalence of diabetes in India (26.4%).

Aim and Objectives:

To assess glycemic control and identify the determinants of poor glycemic control in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) taking treatment at an urban health and training center in St Cruz.

Methods:

A cross-sectional study was conducted over a period of 3 months among 225 T2DM patients taking treatment for at least 5 years. Simple random sampling was used to select the participants. A semi-structured questionnaire was used to collect data, and HbA1c levels done within the last 3 months were used to determine glycemic control.

Results:

52.4% of the participants had poor glycemic control. Determinants such as treatment with insulin (OR = 0.241, P = 0.000), not on hypertensive medication (OR = 0.458, P = 0.023), being married (OR = 1.832, P = 0.037), being employed (OR = 0.298, P = 0.019), and self-monitoring of blood glucose (OR = 0.502, P = 0.018) were found to be significantly associated with poor glycemic control.

Conclusion:

Over half the study participants had poor glycemic control. Treatment with insulin and being employed were the most common determinants of poor glycemic control.
Effect of Artesunate on Behavioral Functions in Experimental Model of Alzheimer’s Disease
Authors: Pattanayak Chaitali , Patanaik Sunil Kumar , Srivastava Vartika , Das Mangala Charana , Sarkar Sougata
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACT

Introduction:

Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a common form of dementia, causing loss of memory and cognitive impairment because of progressive neurodegeneration. Current treatment modalities for AD do not cure the disease completely, are expensive, and are associated with numerous adverse effects. Artesunate is a semisynthetic product of artemisinin, derived from the plant Artemisia annua and used conventionally to fight malaria for a long time in Chinese medicine. Artesunate is a multipotent agent with a wide array of actions.

Methodology:

The study was conducted in the animal house of the Department of Pharmacology, KIMS, Bhubaneswar, after getting approval from the Institutional Animal Ethics Committee. A total of 36 albino Wistar rats weighing 150–200 gms were selected for the study and divided into six groups containing six rats each. Group I was the normal control, and rats received only normal saline and regular food, whereas group II rats were disease control and received aluminum chloride only. Group III rats were the standard control group and received donepezil hydrochloride along with aluminum chloride, whereas groups IV, V, and VI were the test treatment control group receiving graded doses of artesunate along with aluminum chloride. The behavioral parameters were assessed through the morris water maze, elevated plus maze, actophotometer, and passive avoidance tests.

Results:

Artesunate treatment group showed considerable improvement in behavioral functions, and this effect was comparable with a standard group at the highest selected dose.

Conclusion:

Artesunate demonstrated neuroprotective effects through various possible mechanisms. Hence, artesunate might be therapeutically useful in neurogenerative disorders.
Do We Need to Act Fast in Central Serous Chorioretinopathy? - A Comparative Study
Authors: Pandey Jayati , Tripathi Anchal , Pathak Lav , Khan Perwez , Khan Lubna
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACT

Background:

Central serous chorioretinopathy (CSCR) is a sporadic disorder of the outer blood-retinal barrier, characterized by a localized detachment of the sensory retina usually affecting one eye in young males. Usually, a self-limiting disease various treatments have been investigated in recent times.

Aim:

To evaluate the final visual outcome, recurrence rate, and possible complications in patients of CSCR treated with observation, oral acetazolamide, oral eplerenone, and double-frequency neodynium-doped yttrium aluminium garnet (ND-YAG) laser photocoagulation.

Methods:

A prospective interventional study was conducted on patients newly diagnosed with CSCR. The patients were divided into four groups namely: Group A on observation, Group B on oral acetazolamide Group C on oral eplerenone, and Group D on Double frequency Nd-YAG laser. The visual recovery, recurrence rate, and possible complications of these therapies were compared.

Results:

The study comprised of 76 patients. Group D patients showed the fastest improvement in visual acuity at 2 weeks. At 12 weeks, all groups had comparable improvement. Three patients in Group A, 1 each in Groups B and D, and 2 in Group C showed recurrence. Paresthesia, numbness, and gastric upset related to acetazolamide were noted in 5 patients of Group B. However, 16.7% of cases in Group A, 10.5% in Group B, 5.3% in Group C, and 5% in Group D showed leakage on Fundus fluorescent angiography after 12 weeks.

Conclusion:

In acute CSCR eplerenone seems to be efficient with the least side effects and early resolution. In chronic cases, Double frequency Nd-YAG laser seems to give better results. Early treatment should be given for better visual recovery of patients.
Canalicular Adenoma with Unicystic Morphology—A Rare Case Report
Authors: Beena Deepthi , Abraham Rachel
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACT

Canalicular adenoma (CA) is a benign salivary gland tumor with characteristic histopathologic feature predominantly seen in the minor salivary glands. It has a female predilection and commonly presents as a painless, slow-growing, nonulcerated nodule or swelling. The multicystic type is the most observed variant, with a very rare presentation as a solitary cystic lesion. We hereby discuss a case of CA with unicystic morphology.
Two Succenturiate Placentas in Dichorionic/Diamniotic (DC/DA) Twins – A Very Rare Case Presentation
Authors: Jeyamani B. , Divya M , Priya S. Senthil
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACT

This patient is a 45-year-old primigravida had conceived by fresh embryo transfer. ultrasound sonograph (USG) showed a dichorionic/diamniotic (DC/DA) type of twin. Serial ultrasounds showed normal growth and amniotic fluid levels for both twins. Cesarean section was done at 35 weeks. Both infants were admitted in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU). The uniqueness of this case is the placenta, identified as dichorionic with two separate succenturiate lobes connected to the main placenta through communicating vessels. This exceptional case of placental variation, emphasises the importance of vigilant antenatal USG monitoring.
Aberrant Expression of CD Markers in Acute Leukemia with Hematological Parameters Correlation: A Single Center Experience
Authors: Sharma Monika , Dixit Nutan , Bansal Taruna , Kumar Vijay , Jyoti Sai
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACT

Background:

Immunophenotyping by flowcytometry improves both the accuracy and reproducibility of an acute leukemia (AL) diagnosis. The morphologically similar blast cells can be easily differentiated by immunophenotyping based on expression and different CD (cluster of differentiation) markers. It also plays a crucial role in the identification of aberrant antigens. The present study was conducted to determine the frequency of aberrant phenotypes in newly diagnosed cases of acute leukemia and its correlation with hematological parameters.

Methods:

We retrospectively investigated the phenotype of blast cells from 72 patients with acute leukemia diagnosed over a one and half year period. Diagnosis of acute leukemia was based on morphology, cytochemistry, and immunophenotyping by flow cytometry.

Results:

Out of the total 72 cases of Acute leukemia, 40 (55.6%) cases showed aberrant expression. 12/27 cases (44.4%) of AML and 28/45 cases (62.2%) of ALL showed aberrant phenotypes in the present study. Aberrant expression of CD7, 6/27 cases (22.2%) was very frequent in AML. Among the ALL cases, CD13, 14/45 cases (31.1%) were most commonly expressed. The mean total leukocyte count (TLC) and percentage of blasts in peripheral blood were significantly higher in AML and ALL cases with aberrant phenotypes as compared to their conventional phenotypes with no aberrancy.

Conclusions:

It is of clinical importance to detect aberrant phenotypes for accurate diagnosis and when looking for minimal residual disease during morphologic remission. In addition, aberrant phenotypes in AML and ALL cases are associated with unfavorable hematological features in our study.
Astragalus-Zedoary Inhibits Epithelial–Mesenchymal Transition in Colorectal Cancer MC38 Cell Xenograft Mice to Promote Oxaliplatin Attenuation and Sensitization
Authors: Liu Lei , Lei Ting , Jiang Hua , Qu Wen-Ze , Xiao Meng-Yuan , Zhang Jin-Yue , Guo Yan-Mei , Zhu Jia , Zhang Ming-Xia , Zhang Ying
Published: January 2025

Objective:

The purpose of this study was to verify the sensitizing and toxicity-alleviating effects of Astragalus-zedoary on oxaliplatin chemotherapy for colorectal cancer (CRC).

Materials and Methods:

MC38 tumor-bearing mice were randomly divided into three groups and treated with oxaliplatin or Astragalus-zedoary combined with oxaliplatin. The general physical status, changes in body weight, and tumor weight of the mice were recorded. Pathological morphology of the tumor was detected by hematoxylin and eosin staining, apoptosis was detected by terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick end labeling, and epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT) and drug resistance-related factors were detected by immunohistochemistry, western blotting, and real-time polymerase chain reaction.

Results:

The experimental results showed that compared with oxaliplatin alone, mice in the combination group had higher body weight and mental state, shinier hair, reduced tumor weight, increased tumor inhibition and apoptosis rates, upregulated expression of E-cadherin protein and mRNA, and downregulated expression of N-cadherin, multidrug resistance-associated protein 1 (MRP1), and P-glycoprotein. It was confirmed that the combination of Astragalus-zedoary and oxaliplatin had a synergistic tumor inhibition effect, with a good ability to interfere with the EMT process of CRC tumor cells, inhibit the transporter, and increase the sensitivity of tumor cells to oxaliplatin.

Conclusions:

Astragalus-zedoary exhibits an enhanced antitumor effect and can play a synergistic role with oxaliplatin chemotherapy, thereby significantly enhancing the long-term survival rate and quality of life of tumor-bearing mice.
Advancing the research on management of global airway disease: insights from a post hoc analysis
Authors: Salmi S
Published: January 2025

Chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (CRSwNP), asthma, and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug-exacerbated respiratory disease (N-ERD) frequently coexist, forming a complex multimorbid condition often referred to as “global airway disease.” This concept reflects shared pathophysiological mechanisms of eosinophilic inflammation and underscores the need for integrated treatment strategies targeting both upper and lower airway manifestations (1). The burden of severe CRSwNP, asthma, and N-ERD is substantial, particularly in terms of reduced quality of life, recurrent exacerbations, revision endoscopic sinus surgeries (ESS), and healthcare utilization (2). Biologics represent a significant advancement in the treatment of global airway diseases.
Advanced paranasal sinuses osteomas: a retrospective multicentric analysis on surgical management outcomes and intra- and postsurgical complications
Authors: Rampinelli V , Ferrari M , Dohin I , Vinciguerra A , Mattavelli D , Saccardo T , Testa G , Conti C , Frigerio C , Verillaud B , Ajasllari G , Gaudioso P , Cazzador D , Aga A , Taboni S , Arioso A D , Neri L , Borsetto D , Wolf A , Rodriguez-Van Strahlen C , Turri-Zanoni M , Emanuelli E , Schreiber A , Battaglia P , Pagella F , Bignami M , Piazza C , Castelnuovo P , Nicolai P , Herman P
Published: January 2025

Background: This study examines the management and outcomes of large paranasal sinus osteomas (PSO), especially those
abutting or encasing critical structures of the skull base and orbit.
Methodology: A multicentric retrospective analysis was conducted between June 2007 and September 2023. The study included
surgically treated (regardless the type of approach chosen) PSO, exceeding 3 cm in diameter and/or located in critical anatomical
areas. An analysis was performed to assess the association between the critical relationships, size, presence of residual disease, and
incidence of intra- and postoperative complications.
Results: The series included 160 patients. Most PSO were diagnosed due to clinical symptoms, predominantly for those located in
the frontal sinus. Residual disease was observed in 9.4% of patients, with its occurrence influenced by PSO size and relationships
with specific anatomical structures. Thirty-five/160 (21.9%) of patients experienced one or more intra- and/or postoperative complications.
Intraoperative complications were associated with the proximity of PSO to the cribriform plate. Long-term complications
were more frequently observed in cases involving the anterior and posterior plate of the frontal bone.
Conclusions: This study highlights the complexities involved in managing large PSO, demonstrating that size and anatomical
relationships of these osteomas can critically influence surgical decisions, residual disease, and complication rate. The study's retrospective
design limited the collection of standardized symptom outcomes, highlighting the need for future studies to address
this apect.
Interest rate and endogenous money under capital mobility and fixed exchange rate: alternative closures and implications
Authors: Dasgupta Zico
Published: January 2025

The central banks of many emerging countries registered a weak relationship between domestic and foreign interest rates during the globalization period, despite registering significant changes in their foreign assets. Such a phenomenon stands in contrast with the propositions of the conventional Mundell–Fleming (MF) model and has been explained within various open-economy models by accommodating the role of the central bank’s sterilization operations. However, the analytical differences among these contesting models of sterilization have received less attention. The central contribution of this paper is to highlight these differences by providing a general theoretical framework of interest rate determination, where contesting open-economy models emerge as particular closures. This paper compares four distinct models – the MF model, the MF model with sterilization and quantity targets of money (MFS-1), the MF model with sterilization and interest rate targets (MFS-2) and the Compensation view. This paper argues that the way the domestic interest rate responds to the policy rate, foreign interest rate and the autonomous components of demand would be different across these models because they endogenize money supply in different ways. This paper highlights the implication of a loan-induced money supply in contrast to the central bank-induced and the capital flow-induced money supply processes.
¿Extorsión, un laberinto sin salida?: Modalidades más empleadas en Alto Trujillo
Authors: Leiva felipe María Fernanda , Medrano Polo Evelin Yuliana
Published: January 2025

La presente investigación tuvo como objetivo determinar en qué medida el delito de extorsión incide en la inseguridad ciudadana en los habitantes del Distrito de Alto Trujillo- 2022; se trata de un estudio de tipo cualitativo, diseño no experimental del nivel descriptivo explicativo, método de estudio inductivo, la muestra estuvo conformada por cuatro profesionales. El instrumento empleado fue la guía de entrevista. Los resultados fueron que la modalidad más utilizada actualmente y que genera mayor violencia en los pobladores del Alto Trujillo es el cobro de cupos, para garantizar la seguridad de las víctimas en el delito de extorsión es la implementación de agentes policiales especializados que ayudan aresguardar la vida e intereses de la víctima, no se señala estrategias específicas para desincentivar financieramente a los perpetradores, llegándose a la conclusión de que solo se recurre a la ayuda de agentes policiales, la modalidad más utilizada y genera mayor ventaja económica en los pobladores de Alto Trujillo es la extorsión agravada, los grupos o sectores que tienen mayor grado de amenaza frente el delito de extorsión son aquellos micro pequeños empresarios, los familiares de las víctimas de este delito son las que se ven afectadas ya que estas son tomadas como rehén a cambio de una suma de dinero , que las medidas que actualmente son implementadas en el Distrito de Alto Trujillo no son totalmente eficaces para combatir el delito de extorsión, ya que se es necesario aun que se cuente con más efectivos y vehículos policiales en diversas zonas.
Los Procesos de Tutela de Derechos y las insuficiencias de la Jurisdicción Constitucional Peruana
Authors: Palomino Manchego José F. , Paiva Goyburu Dante
Published: January 2025

A partir de la creciente atención que generan los procesos constitucionales, y que han tenido su correlato en sentencias sobre demandas de habeas corpus, amparo y otros casos que alcanzaron un impacto significativo en la opinión pública, consideramos oportuno investigar sobre la labor en la jurisdicción constitucional y las particularidades que se hacen frente en estos espacios.En este sentido, se presentan reflexiones siguiendo la estructura delCódigo Procesal Constitucional vigente, que ha tenido una actualización en el mes de julio de 2021, pero se ahonda sobre la falta de órganos competentes especializados competentes en lo constitucional, que resulta una condición prolongada dentro de la judicatura y que naturalmente pone en desventaja a los justiciables, toda vez que sus sentencias dependen en gran parte del país a juzgados y salas que carecen de la debida preparación para pronunciarse sobre estas causas.
Aspectos problemáticos en la admisión de medios extemporáneos en el Proceso Civil Peruano
Authors: Alipio Castillo Joanna Heeydy , Medrano Polo Evelin Yuliana , Linares Cotrina Walter John
Published: January 2025

El artículo "Aspectos problemáticos en la admisión de medios extemporáneos en el proceso civil peruano" aborda la complejidad del ofrecimiento de pruebas fuera de los plazos establecidos por el Código Procesal Civil, resaltando la tensión entre los principios de preclusión y celeridad procesal y la necesidad de un sistema judicial eficaz que permita la inclusión de pruebas relevantes para la resolución de conflictos. Aunque el artículo 429 del Código Procesal Civil permite la admisión de pruebas extemporáneas en casos de hechos nuevos o cuando se adquiere conocimiento posterior de hechos significativos, se enfatiza que esta flexibilidad debe ser manejada con cautela para nocomprometer el derecho de defensa de las partes niprolongar innecesariamente los procesos judiciales, que ya enfrentan una alta carga procesal en Perú. La jurisprudencia ha mostrado disposición a admitir pruebas extemporáneas en circunstancias excepcionales, siempre que se garantice un equilibrio entre la búsqueda de la verdad material y el respeto a los plazos procesales, lo que plantea interrogantes sobre cómo gestionar adecuadamente la admisión de tales pruebas sin vulnerar los principios fundamentales del derecho procesal, como preclusión y la celeridad procesal en la administración de justicia, más aún si guarda estrecha relación con otros principios como el de la igualdad de las partes en el ofrecimiento probatorio.
Revolutionizing Datacenter Sustainability: AI-Power ed Innovations for Water-Efficient Cooling Systems
Authors: Teja G. , Prasad Siva
Published: January 2025

The exponential growth of data-driven technologies puts astonishing demands on data
centers, which massively consume energy and water resources. Traditional cooling
systems in data centers rely mainly on water as the primary coolant source, presenting
significant environmental challenges and resource scarcity issues. This paper will discuss
the potential role of AI in evolving data center cooling systems toward improving water
efficiency without sacrificing operational reliability. Applying such innovations, created
using predictive analytics, real-time monitoring, and optimization algorithms, enhances
water uptake, decreases operational costs, and minimizes environmental impact. This
approach proposes integrating AI-driven models with IoT sensors and hybrid cooling
techniques to develop an acceptable data center ecosystem.
Innovation activity in agriculture in Kazakhstan: approaches to assessment, priority directions
Authors:   Kazakh National Agrarian Research University, Karymsakova Zh. , Kerimova U. ,   Kazakh National Agrarian Research University, Hasanov Sh. ,   Samarkand Agroinnovations and Research University
Published: January 2025

Modern approaches to innovative development of agriculture in Kazakhstan are considered.

The relevance of the study is conditioned by the need to modernize and increase the competitiveness of the agrarian sector of the republic in rapidly changing market and technological conditions.

Despite the fact that the advantages of innovation in agro-industrial complex are widely recognized, the rate of its implementation in the country still remains at a low level. In order to study the constraints of innovative entrepreneurship we studied the crop production sector, where new, advanced technologies are more actively used. In livestock farming 64 % of gross output falls on household farms, so the process of introduction of innovations is slower. In general, the process of renewal and technical re-equipment of agro-industrial production is difficult due to the lack of a comprehensive approach to the management of innovation activity, representing the coordinated actions of the state, science and representatives of commercial structures.

The aim is to identify the main problems of startups' development in the agrarian sphere and to determine their potential opportunities in order to increase the efficiency and sustainability of agro-formations.

Methods - analytical and comparative were used to substantiate the conclusion about low innovation activity of agribusiness, mathematical tools were used in the quantitative assessment of economic indicators, graphic - visually reflects the results of research, Case Study demonstrates the practical
adaptation of theoretical provisions.

Results - the current state and prospects of developments of innovative character in the agro-industrial complex, the dynamics of their indicators in agricultural enterprises and small forms of management are analyzed. The main reasons hindering the introduction of innovations in crop production are shown.

Conclusions - the author's position is proposed in the conclusion - expansion of digital transformation, organization of training programs for farmers, creation of platforms for interaction between scientists, agricultural producers and representatives of private firms and companies
Efficiency of agricultural production: situation analysis
Authors:   Kostanay branch of Chelyabinsk State University, Mishulina O. V. , Alybaev D. B. ,   J. Balasagyn Kyrgyz National University, Gorelova N. S. ,   Kostanay branch of Chelyabinsk State University
Published: January 2025

Improving the efficiency of agricultural production requires situational analysis for constant study and monitoring of indicators of the external and internal environment of the enterprise in order to make management decisions.

The aim is to substantiate the functional strategy of an agricultural commodity producer on the basis of prioritizing the situation as a set of events occurring inside and outside the economic entity, and its probable development under conditions of uncertainty.

The methods are based on the dialectical approach to assessing the
performance of agribusiness. In the process of researching problems and preparing proposals used monographic, quantitative and qualitative methods of timely accounting, control, planning and forecasting. The information base of the study was made up by the data of statistical and accounting reports of the production structure.

Results - methodological and methodological aspects of the study of business environment and its functional capabilities are shown. On the example of agrarian formation the diagnostics of influence of internal and external variables on the level of profitability of the production process is carried out, the choice of strategic direction of its modernization is motivated, measures to increase financial results and reduce the degree of operational risk of production and economic activity are developed.

Conclusions - the authors proposed practical aspects of the system conceptual analysis, identified critical factors affecting profitability, productivity and competitiveness of the object of entrepreneurship, argued investment and marketing plans of agrarian production; formulated ways to improve the efficiency of the production cycle in terms of resources and costs, technology. The necessary characteristics of information, providing from a practical point of view, the right strategic decision, include: reliability, sufficiency, timeliness, integrity and accessibility. At the same time it is necessary to understand in what sphere the given information can be applied, used and useful. SWOT-analysis allows to discover weaknesses and strengths, threats and opportunities for economic growth and strengthening the competitive advantages of the enterprise.
Spatial planning of tourism and recreational zones: expanding the scope of agrotourism
Authors:   L.N. Gumilyov Eurasian National University, Baizakova A. S. , Zhakupov А. А. ,   L.N. Gumilyov Eurasian National University, Yeryomenko Т. Y. ,   «Тuran- Astana» University
Published: January 2025

The role of spatial planning in the organization of tourist and recreational zones on the territory of Katon-Karagai State National Natural Park (SNNPP) and its influence on the expansion of agritourism sphere is shown.

The relevance of the topic is due to the need to find optimal directions for sustainable development of rural areas with a focus on rural tourism.

The aim is to analyze and identify the key aspects of territorial planning and its impact on the diversification of the regional economy and support of the agrarian sector.

Pestle- and GIS-analysis for functional zoning of the area was carried out to identify external factors contributing to the spread of tourism services in the region.

Results - the state of tourism and recreational infrastructure in the SNPP was considered, the main criteria for its renewal were outlined. As a result of the study it was found that rational distribution of natural resources and proper zoning of recreational and agricultural zones allows minimizing anthropogenic impacts and strengthening the economic situation. Strategies to improve the efficiency of spatial planning that include the integration of tourism agribusiness into tourist routes are proposed.

Conclusions - in the current socio-economic context, the growth of agritourism and tourism potential in general represents an important tool for improving public welfare, employment and income. Katon-Karagai SNPP, having unique natural, climatic and cultural opportunities, is an ideal site for ecotourism, which requires competent planning of territories taking into account environmental and economic conditions. The conclusion emphasizes the importance of harmonization of tourism and agrarian interests, favoring the promotion of agrarian entrepreneurship, achieving ecological balance and equilibrium, strengthening the position of the tourism industry. The authors state the expediency of information and advisory support of tourist firms, including electronic means.
Processing Industry of the Republic of Kazakhstan: current state and prospects
Authors:   Kazakh Research Institute of Economy of Agro-Industrial Complex and Rural Development, Baimukhanov А. B. , Karabaeva А. К. ,   Kazakh Research Institute of Economy of Agro-Industrial Complex and Rural Development, Akhmetova Z. B. ,   Kazakh Research Institute of Economy of Agro-Industrial Complex and Rural Development
Published: January 2025

The authors of the article carried out a study of the current state of the food and processing industry of Kazakhstan, which is characterized by high competition, changes in the structure of processing, the need to ensure food security and sustainable development of the industry. The main sub-sectors - meat, dairy, flour-milling and oil and fat industries - demonstrate a reduction in the number of enterprises due to the lack of raw materials and processing capacity. The importance of realizing the task of supplying the population with food, and providing agricultural producers with accessible markets for their products is the basis for an in-depth and comprehensive study, assessment and location of processing enterprises.

The aim is to analyze current trends, identify key problems and develop proposals to increase the capacity of the processing industry.

Methods - statistical and economic analysis, correlation approach were used in determining the relationship between the volume of investment and production indicators, which allowed to argue the feasibility of increasing the volume of capital investment. Regression models were used to forecast the growth of production depending on the size of investment, this served as a basis for choosing the most effective directions of formation of financial resources. The structure of costs was considered while studying their influence on the cost of products and establishing the main factors of profitability increase.

Results - insufficient capacity utilization (34-50 %), deficit of infrastructure for storage and import dependence, which, in turn, hinders the stability of the domestic market, are shown. Risks associated with the impact of external conditions, including currency fluctuations and sanctions, are also outlined.

Conclusions - the authors recommend modernization of communications of processing complexes, expansion of logistics channels, creation of distribution centers and reduction of import supplies. This will make it possible to solve the issues of food independence of the republic and availability of domestic food products through import substitution and implementation of effective state support.
Financing Kazakhstan's oil and fats industry: key challenges, competitive advantages
Authors:   A. Baitursynuly Kostanay Regional University, Yessimkhan G. , Alybaev D. ,   J. Balasagyn Kyrgyz National University J. Balasagyn, Sartanova N. ,   A. Baitursynuly Kostanay Regional University
Published: January 2025

The article is devoted to the issues of financing the oil and fat industry of Kazakhstan, identifying key problems and determining the directions of their solution. The oil and fat industry is one of the important components of the agro-industrial complex of the country and plays a significant role in supplying the domestic market with food and increasing export potential. However, in recent years, this food segment is facing a number of factors related to insufficient financial support, low investment attractiveness and limited opportunities for production expansion.

The aim is to analyze the sources and structure of budgeting of the oil and fat industry enterprises, including state support, bank loans and attraction of private investment.

Methods - monographic, economic and statistical analysis, comparison and synthesis, logical reasoning.

The data of statistical reporting served as the information base.

Results - scientific approaches and measures of state subsidization of oil and fat mills are considered. The necessity of further improvement of the legislative base and creation of favorable conditions for the inflow of foreign capital into the oil and fats sector as a criterion for increasing the competitiveness of the oil and fats industry of the republic is shown.

Conclusions - effective assistance of the state, availability of natural resources and increasing world demand for oilseed crops and products of their processing contribute to capacity building of the oil and fat industry for further growth and development. The results of the research, conclusions and proposals are of interest to researchers and practitioners involved in the organization of exports of agricultural products. The realization of innovative orientation to the technological process will allow to produce high-quality environmentally friendly food products, which enjoy consumer advantages in domestic and foreign markets, to improve the environmental awareness of the population.
Rational land use in the agrarian sector on the example of Zhambyl oblast of Kazakhstan
Authors:   M.Kh. Dulaty Taraz University, Abildaev S. , Erseitova А. U. ,   M.Kh. Dulaty Taraz University, Amalbekova G. Е. ,   M.Kh. Dulaty Taraz University
Published: January 2025

The aim is to analyze the current state of agriculture in Zhambyl region in 2018-2022.

The agro-industrial complex of the region is characterized by the growth of gross product in general per capita, 100 hectares of agricultural land, as well as income from the sale of products and services rendered. In addition, in 2022, its agricultural sector ranked sixth in the republic, which identified the region as strategically important.

Methods - statistical and mathematical, which were used to obtain primary data on the development of agro-industrial complex and to identify the relationship between volumes of goods output and factors affecting the activities of the sector.

Results - it is noted that in agro-industrial production conditions have been created to strengthen crop and livestock farms in the region, high indicators have been achieved. In turn, such vector orientation depends on the availability of land and labor resources: arable and irrigated land, pastures and human capital.

Conclusions - to establish the influence of these components on the efficiency of agriculture in the region, multifactor correlation and regression analysis was used, which showed that arable land provides an increase in gross production and gross domestic product per 100 hectares of agricultural land, while the other three factors do not allow to achieve better results. Socio-economic and organizational measures are needed, including optimization of the structure of sown areas taking into account market conditions, deepening specialization, application of progressive forms of remuneration of labor, improvement of forms of management, wide use of innovative technologies, clearly formulated state policy and regulatory and legal management of land resources.
Logistic budgeting at a dairy enterprise: methods, ways of optimization
Authors:   Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, Issayeva А. А.
Published: January 2025

The abundance and complexity of business processes in the dairy industry require individual differentiation of costs of each of them and implementation of optimal management tools. It is especially important to distinguish milk production and transportation, as the costs of planning, organizing and delivery of products are the components of the cost of production. The methodology used will be a determining factor in the financial performance of the enterprise, which needs to make a choice between using traditional or functional costing by activity. Although the issue of financing has been investigated in various areas, the problem of improving the operational efficiency of logistics services through it still requires in-depth research.

The aim is - to examine the possibilities of optimizing production structures through budgeting due to the high proportion of logistics processes in dairy sector.

Methods - the study used analysis, comparative characterization, profitability assessment, which characterize the performance of logistics cost management.

Results - it is established that the coordination and control of costs, including logistics costs is the implementation of a set of measures aimed at minimizing costs and rational use of available resources, ensuring the interconnection between structural units. The budget of production payments is fundamental in the system of budgetary regulation, which should be developed on the basis of the manufacturer-approved regulatory framework for each cost item.

Conclusions - at various levels of economic activity, strengthening requirements to ensure sustainable development total logistics costs have an upward trend. The volume and productivity level of logistics service indicates a reduction in the life cycle time of most dairy products, which causes the streamlining of logistics flows. The increase in logistics costs is significantly influenced by the use of innovative technologies, modern high-efficiency machinery and equipment in the logistics cycle.
Rangeland degradation in the Republic of Kazakhstan: causes and consequences
Authors:   S. Seifullin Kazakh Agro Technical Research University, Mutalipova К. К.
Published: January 2025

The aim is to search for the causes of pasture degradation in Kazakhstan, determination of stagnation of pasture massifs on the basis of remote sensing of land and the state of pasture lands using NDVI index.

Methods - analytical and economic-statistical were used to study the sources of pasture land depletion and factors affecting their condition, to collect statistical data, to study trends in their change; monographic and comparative analysis - allowed to identify local causal links and consequences of degeneration; information from different regions was compared, the most vulnerable zones were shown.

Results - space monitoring was carried out, images of degraded pastures of Ereymetau district were uploaded through the platform of JSC "Kazakhstan Ғarysh Sapary". Soil types typical for the region were determined on the site of AIS GZK on the soil map. The object is the survey of pasture massifs of Ulenty rural district. Using the European Sentinel-2A satellite https://dataspace.copernicus.eu space images were downloaded on all available spectral channels to compare images with projective coverage obtained on four dates, subsequently edited in ArcGis 10.4. Radiometric and atmospheric correction works to eliminate interferences were carried out in the program.

Conclusions - from the processed NDVI data, it is evident that NDVI values of rangelands are declining annually. Solutions to the problems are suggested. The author substantiates the necessity of pasture infrastructure development (irrigation points), strengthening of forage base and use of shifting grazing method, control of taken measures at the state level. Pasture land use requires revision of the institutional framework for pasture management. Competence on these issues should be transferred from the district executive bodies to the local self-government.