bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Perfil lipídico e fatores de risco para doenças cardiovasculares em idosos acompanhados na atenção primária à saúde
Authors: Costa Guilherme Kunkel da , Lindemann Ivana Loraine , Acrani Gustavo Olszanski , Felizari Giovana Bonessoni , Garzella Aniela Caroline Zientarski , Simonetti Amauri Braga
Published: July 2024

Introdução: As dislipidemias estão entre os fatores de riscos mais importantes para o desenvolvimento de doenças cardiovasculares (DCV), além de estarem relacionadas a outras patologias que predispõem às DCV. Em função da elevada prevalência e da incidência de complicações associadas à cronicidade da doença, as dislipidemias representam elevados custos ao setor da saúde e da previdência social. Diante disso, ressalta-se a importância do Sistema Único de Saúde, representado pela Atenção Primária à Saúde (APS), em prover práticas de prevenção, diagnóstico e acompanhamento dos pacientes dislipidêmicos, a fim de desonerar o sistema financeiro e promover o envelhecimento saudável. Objetivo: Descrever a prevalência de perfil lipídico alterado entre os idosos. Além disso, pretendeu-se caracterizar a amostra quanto aos aspectos sociodemográficos, de saúde e de comportamento, bem como analisar os fatores associados à distribuição do perfil lipídico alterado e às características da amostra. Métodos: Estudo transversal com dados secundários, obtidos de agosto de 2021 a julho de 2022, tendo como população pacientes idosos em acompanhamento na APS do município de Marau (RS). Todos os dados foram coletados dos prontuários eletrônicos da rede de APS e, após dupla digitação e validação dos dados, a amostra foi caracterizada por meio de estatística descritiva. Foi calculada a prevalência de perfil lipídico alterado com intervalo de confiança de 95% (IC95%) e foi verificada sua distribuição conforme as variáveis de exposição, empregando-se o teste do χ2 e admitindo-se erro tipo I de 5%. Resultados: A prevalência de dislipidemia proporcional entre os sexos foi maior no feminino (33%). A cor de pele predominante foi a branca (76,7%). Cerca de 20% dos pacientes apresentavam colesterol total, colesterol HDL-c e triglicerídeos alterados, enquanto cerca de 15% apresentavam o colesterol HDL-c anormal. Constatou-se que os pacientes dislipidêmicos apresentam mais diabetes e hipertensão em relação aos não dislipidêmicos, ocorrendo a sinergia de fatores de risco para as DCV. Conclusões: A caracterização exercida neste estudo serve de base científica para a compreensão da realidade local e, também, para o direcionamento de políticas públicas na atenção primária que atuem de forma efetiva na prevenção e no controle das dislipidemias e demais fatores de risco cardiovascular.
Artificial Intelligence in Medicine: from Diagnosis to Treatment
Authors: Bashkirova Liudmyla , Kit Iryna , Havryshchuk Yury , Krasnova Anatolija , Vasylyuk-Zaitseva Svitlana
Published: July 2024

In recent years, medicine has faced the serious challenge of the covid pandemic, due to which representatives of the health care sector had to mobilize forces and resources to jointly overcome these problems. The rapid development of artificial intelligence, its learning capabilities, and in recent years the creation of a neural network opens up wide possibilities for the use of AI in medicine.
Aims: To analyze the modern literature on the use of AI for diagnosis and treatment and to analyze what problems may arise with the uncontrolled introduction of artificial intelligence
Methodology: When conducting a literature review, an analysis and generalization of data on the research topic from 2019 to 2024 was carried out. The literature search was carried out by keywords using the PubMed search engine.
Results: The literature review demonstrated the use of artificial intelligence in medicine, which has grown significantly in recent years and continues its rapid development, which is associated with the improvement of innovative technologies. The use of artificial intelligence in diagnostics is associated with the use of a neural network, which makes it possible to identify digitized images for rapid diagnosis. The use of artificial intelligence in surgery is reflected in the application of da Vinci. Artificial intelligence has been widely used in anesthesiology.
Scientific Novelty: The literature search established that the implementation of artificial intelligence in medicine creates certain challenges related to the protection of personal data, and the possibility of error is not excluded when using AI.
Conclusion: The use of AI is promising for diagnosis and treatment and helps doctors quickly make a diagnosis and prescribe treatment, but certain challenges created by artificial intelligence must be solved by implementing more reliable personal data protection systems, as well as control over the information reproduced by artificial intelligence.
Modern Digital Technologies and AI ethics: Moral Relevance
Authors: Silvia Briceag
Published: July 2024

Philosophy is called upon to give meaning to new dimensions of the socio-cultural space, which require not only a rational and pragmatic analysis of functional parameters, but also an ideological and mental assessment. The purpose of the article is to analyse the transformation of the value and ethical standards for the use of artificial intelligence, given the change in its positioning in the system of social activity. A comparative and generalized analysis of 50 scientific papers has made it possible to identify the value factors that serve as guidelines in the process of forming the ethical foundations of artificial intelligence. The synergistic approach determines the prospects for transforming the philosophical and ethical support of the moral aspect of artificial intelligence. The results of the study point to the stabilisation of the status of artificial intelligence and the first attempts to unify the requirements for the ethics of its use in the socio-cultural space. The contradictions that arise in the context of actualisation of human dimension in the process of using artificial intelligence and its direct impact on humans are actualised. The statement of the reorientation of elements from the traditionally human potential (morality, responsibility, initiative, heuristics) to the cluster of artificial intelligence activity generates a natural reaction of man and society in the context of the need to regulate (following the example of the regulatory and legal paradigm of social relations) the activities of this technology. Thus, artificial intelligence is gradually integrating into all spheres of social activity and acquiring a new status that involves active use of the advantages of technological, digital and information potential, which, in turn, requires new ethical standards to regulate the activity of these technologies.
THE EVOLUTION OF ISLAMIC LAW IN INDONESIA: A SOCIO-HISTORICAL PERSPECTIVE ON ITS STRUGGLE FOR EXISTENCE
Authors: ACHMAD IRWAN HAMZANI  , SOESI IDAYANTI
Published: July 2024

Throughout Indonesia’s history, legal battles have been ongoing since the Dutch colonial era, with three distinct legal systems asserting their presence. Among these, Islamic law holds significance within Indonesia’s legal framework. This study aims to outline the historical struggle of Islamic law in establishing its place within national legislation. Employing a sociological approach, the research delves into the narrative of Islamic law’s struggle, utilizing secondary data and employing narrative analysis to chronologically recount its journey. Findings reveal that Islamic law has deep historical roots in Indonesia, functioning as a living legal tradition since the advent of Islam in the region. Despite being abolished by Dutch colonial rule, Islamic law persisted and continues to influence both written and unwritten aspects of Indonesian law. Post-independence, Indonesia largely adopted the legal policies of its colonial predecessors, further cementing the presence of Islamic law within its legal framework. Today, Islamic law remains recognized within national legislation, serving as a filter for legal materials and contributing to the formation of Indonesian law.
THE INTERPLAY OF IJTIHĀD AND MAQĀṢID AL-SHARĪ‘AH IN PRE-MODERN LEGAL THOUGHT: EXAMINING THE CONTRIBUTIONS OF AL-GHAZALI AND AL-SHATIBI
Authors: ISHFAQ AMIN PARREY
Published: July 2024

The debate of ijtihād - its meanings, theorization and application, is one of the most noticeable debates in the modern Muslim intellectual space. In the contested backdrop of ‘closure of the gates of ijtihād’, the process of reproduction of ShÉrÊah‘ knowledge, civilizational renewal and forming a critical engagement with the socio-intellectual context of contemporary times through ijtihÉd gained coinage among different strata of Muslim scholarship, developing intra-Muslim conversations between traditionalists, modernists and progressives. In this debate, maqāṣid al-Sharī‘ah as a concept, theory and philosophy has been repeatedly invoked by all three points of views, explaining it from their distinct positions. In this context, this paper attempts to offer an analysis of the pre-modern dialogue between ijtihād and maqāṣid al-Sharī‘ah, revisions of the traditionally more predominant method of extension of law, qiyās, in context of Shāfi’īte four-source theory and employment of relatively more utilitarian tool, maṣlahah. Hence, the paper investigates the concepts of munāsabah and taḥqiq al-manāṭ vis-à-vis maqasid al-Shari’ah, employed by two most prominent advocates of maqāṣid thought in pre-modern scholarship, al-Ghazali (d. 1111 C.E) and al-Shatibi (d. 1388 C.E). Finally, the study attempts to locate the common ground between traditional theory of ijtihād and maqāṣid al-Sharī‘ah, to explain the possibility of maqāṣid based ijtihād model.
Perbandingan Tingkat Pencapaian Toilet Training Pada Anak Usia Prasekolah Berdasarkan Jenis Kelamin
Authors: Purwanti Sri Agustin , Nurchayati Sofiana , Dilaruri Ade
Published: July 2024

Toilet training merupakan usaha untuk melatih anak agar bisa mengontrol buang air kecil (BAK) dan buang air besar (BAB) di toilet. Yang dimulai saat anak menunjukkan kesiapan fisik, mental, dan psikologis.Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengetahui perbandingan tingkat pencapaian toilet training pada anak usia prasekolah berdasarkan jenis kelamin. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain deskriptif kuantitatif dengan pendekatan cross sectional. Terdapat 30 responden yang menjadi sampel dalam penelitian ini, yaitu ibu yang memiliki anak usia prasekolah. Alat ukur yang digunakan yaitu kusioner tentang pencapaian toilet training  yang disebarkan langsung oleh peneliti kepada responden. karakteristik responden mayoritas anak berumur 3 tahun (50,0%), lebih dari sebagian anak responden berjenis kelamin perempuan 18 anak (60,0%), mayoritas orang tua memiliki tingkat pendidikan SMA 15 orang (50,0%), mayoritas orang tua adalah ibu rumah tangga 21 orang (70,0%), toilet training tercapai 15 anak (50,0%). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ada perbandingan jenis kelamin dengan pencapaian toilet training pada anak prasekolah dengan nilai (p value 0.04 < α = 0.05). Ada perbedaan tingkat pencapaian toilet training pada anak usia prasekolah berdasarkan jenis kelamin. Disarankan untuk mengeksplorasi lebih lanjut terkait perbandingan tingkat pencapaian toilet training pada anak usia prasekolah berdasarkan jenis kelamin.
PEMBERIAN EDUKASI TENTANG PENTINGNYA IMUNISASI LENGKAP DAN VAKSINASI POLIO
Authors: Darma Karingga Devangga , Nikmatul Nikmah Anis
Published: July 2024

Immunization is a public health intervention that is very effective in preventing serious infectious diseases. In this context, polio vaccination plays an important role because polio can cause permanent paralysis and even death. The aim of this activity is to increase knowledge, awareness and community participation about the importance of immunization, especially polio vaccination, through providing accurate information and eliminating misinformation, as well as facilitating access to health services. Method: This service begins with preparation and includes monitoring and evaluation. Where the interventions carried out are counseling, distribution of educational materials, door-to-door visits, and mobile posyandu to the community. Results: there has been a significant increase in knowledge, awareness and positive attitudes of the community towards immunization and polio vaccination. The evaluation showed a 45% increase in knowledge and a supportive change in attitudes. Conclusion: Service activities in Bandar Kidul Village succeeded in increasing the community's knowledge and positive attitudes towards polio immunization. This activity could be a model for other regions and is recommended to be held regularly with structured material and developed for maternal and child health (KIA).
MORPHOLOGICAL AND PHENOLOGICAL CHARACTERIZATION OF SUNFLOWER SEEDS
Authors: Camargo Thais Ongaratto de , Zimmer Gustavo , Rodrigues Helen Claudine Saliba , Silva Aline Ferraz da , Pohl Simone , Madruga Francine , Tunes Lilian Vanussa Madruga de , Almeida Andréia da Silva
Published: July 2024

In recent years, the sunflower crop has stood out worldwide as the fifth oilseed in raw material production, so it is necessary to know more about this crop. This review aims to describe the importance of sunflower cultivation, its morphological and phenological aspects, seed quality, treatment and sowing. This study took place in 2023. In this review, different works were used as a basis to develop this review, since sunflower cultivation has great importance in the commercial scenario, mainly in the production of vegetable oils and other sunflower-based by-products, but the Information is still scarce about the culture and the demand for production is high among producers in different states and municipalities, which is why it was necessary to look for information that would help resolve some doubts and bring more information about this beautiful crop that is the sunflower, through this review.
Optimising Damping Control in Renewable Energy Systems through Reinforcement Learning within Wide-Area Measurement Frameworks
Authors: Ngoc-Hung Truong
Published: July 2024

This paper introduces a reinforcement learning-based controller, utilising the deep deterministic policy gradient (DDPG) method, to mitigate low-frequency disturbances in electrical grids with renewable energy sources. It features a novel reward function inversely related to the control error and employs a state vector comprising absolute and integral errors to enhance error reduction. The controller, tested on a dual-region system with solar power, utilises phasor measurement unit (PMU) data for global inputs. Its performance is validated through time-domain simulations, pole-zero mapping, modal analysis, frequency response, and participation factor mapping, using a custom MATLAB and Simulink toolkit. The design accounts for communication delays and adapts to variable conditions, which proves to be effective in reducing oscillations and improving system stability.
Endocrine CNN-Based Fault Detection for DC Motors
Authors: Djordjevic Andjela D. , Milovanovic Miroslav B. , Milojkovic Marko T. , Petrovic Jelena G. , Nikolic Sasa S.
Published: July 2024

This paper presents a novel method for detecting and classifying faults in dynamic control systems empowered with DC motors, operating under laboratory conditions. The approach employs a convolutional neural network model enhanced with an artificial endocrine influence to evaluate the condition of the rotating motor shaft by analysing information from the vibration sensors mounted on the shaft itself. The trained network effectively classifies the level of unbalance in the system into three categories based on the vibrations: optimal (no unbalance), first and second degree of unbalance. To validate the efficiency of the proposed model, its performance was compared with the performance of deep learning algorithms commonly recommended for time-series classification: default convolutional neural network, fully convolutional neural network, and residual network. The new model was shown to perform classification tasks with the highest accuracy, proving to be an efficient fault diagnosis tool with a viable potential to be applicable in industrial predictive maintenance processes.
A Two-Tier Comparison Study of Three MPPT Control Algorithms for a PV-Powered Smart Greenhouse
Authors: Bouketir Omrane , Rahmani Lazhar
Published: July 2024

In this research work, three maximum power point tracking (MPPT) control algorithms based on power feedback are applied to two types of converters, namely Zeta and buck-boost, in the photovoltaic (PV) system. The PV system is intended to guarantee the power supply to a remote smart greenhouse. The control algorithms investigated are perturb and observe (P&O), incremental conductance (IncCond), and fuzzy logic (FLC) methods. Their performance are investigated and compared for each converter. It is found that the maximum power is always achieved, even during abrupt changes in irradiation or/and in temperature. The three methods have shown to have good performance; fast response time and very low steady-state error, with minor preference of the P&O method where the output voltage followed the input with high efficiency. The comparative study revealed that the power response time of the PV generator under stable conditions (constant irradiance and constant temperature) for P&O and IncCond was longer in the buck-boost converter than in the Zeta. On the other hand, the ripple level was better for the buck-boost. For the FLC, the maximum power was reached in a shorter time (short response time) with the smallest ripple. As for operation under variable environmental conditions, the Zeta outperformed the buck-boost for each control technique.
Attitudes, Beliefs, Barriers, and Facilitators of Emergency Department Nurses Toward Patients with Opioid Use Disorder and Naloxone Distribution
Authors: Michels Collin , Schneider Thomas , Tetreault Kaitlin , Meier Payne Jenna , Zubke Kayla , Salisbury-Afshar Elizabeth
Published: July 2024

Introduction: As opioid overdose deaths continue to rise, the emergency department (ED) remains an important point of contact for many at risk for overdose. In this study our purpose was to better understand the attitudes, beliefs, and knowledge of ED nurses in caring for patients with opioid use disorder (OUD). We hypothesized a difference in training received and attitudes toward caring for patients with OUD between nurses with <5 years and ≥6 years of clinical experience. Methods: We conducted a survey among ED nurses in a large academic medical center from May–July 2022. All ED staff nurses were surveyed. Data entry instruments for the nursing surveys were programmed in Qualtrics, and we analyzed results R using a chi-square test or Fisher exact test tocompare nurses with <5 years and ≥6 years of clinical experience. A P-value of < 0.05 was considered statistically signiﬁcant. Results: We distributed 74 surveys, and 69 were completed (93%). Attitudes toward naloxone distribution from the ED were positive, with 72% of respondents reporting they were “very” or “extremely” supportive of distributing naloxone kits to individuals at risk of overdose. While attitudes were positive, barriers included limited time, lack of system support, and cost. Level of comfort in caring for patients with OUD was high, with 78% of respondents “very” or “extremely” comfortable. More education is needed on overdose education and naloxone distribution (OEND) with respondents 38% and 45% “a little” or“somewhat” comfortable, respectively. Nurses with <5 years of experience reported receiving more training on OEND in nursing school compared to those with ≥6 years of experience (P = 0.03). There were no signiﬁcant differences in reported attitudes, knowledge, or comfort in caring for patients with OUD. Conclusion: In this single-center survey, we found ED nurses were supportive of overdose education and naloxone distribution. There are opportunities for targeted education and addressing systemic barriers to OEND. All interventions should be evaluated to gauge impact on knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors.
Pragmatic Emergency Department Intervention Reducing Default Quantity of Opioid Tablets Prescribed
Authors: Johnson Drake Gotham , Lu Alice Y. , Kirn Georgia A. , Trepka Kai , Day Yesenia Ayana , Yang Stephen C. , Montoy Juan Carlos C. , Juarez Marianne A.
Published: July 2024

Introduction: The opioid epidemic is a major cause of morbidity and mortality in the United States. Prior work has shown that emergency department (ED) opioid prescribing can increase the incidence of opioid use disorder in a dose-dependent manner, and systemic changes that decrease default quantity of discharge opioid tablets in the electronic health record (EHR) can impact prescribing practices. However, ED leadership may be interested in the impact of communication around the intervention as well as whether the intervention may differentially impact different types of clinicians (physicians, physician assistants [PA], and nurse practitioners). We implemented and evaluated a quality improvement intervention of an announced decrease in EHR default quantities of commonly prescribed opioids at a large, academic, urban, tertiary-care ED. Methods: We gathered EHR data on all ED discharges with opioid prescriptions from January 1, 2019–December 6, 2021, including chief complaint, clinician, and opioid prescription details. Data was captured and analyzed on a monthly basis throughout this time period. On March 29, 2021, we implemented an announced decrease in EHR default dispense quantities from 20 tablets to 12 tablets for commonly prescribed opioids. We measured pre- and post-intervention quantities of opioid tablets prescribed per discharge receiving opioids, distribution by patient demographics, and inter-clinician variability in prescribing behavior. Results: The EHR change was associated with a 14% decrease in quantity of opioid tablets per discharge receiving opioids, from 14 to 12 tablets (P =<.001). We found no statistically signiﬁcant disparities in prescriptions based on self-reported patient race (P = 0.68) or gender (P = 0.65). Nurse practitioners and PAs prescribed more opioids per encounter than physicians on average and had a statistically signiﬁcant decrease in opioid prescriptions associated with the EHR change. Physicians had a lesser but still signiﬁcant drop in opioid prescribing in the post-intervention period. Conclusion: Decreasing EHR defaults is a robust, simple tool for decreasing opioid prescriptions, with potential for implementation in the 42% of EDs nationwide that have defaults exceeding the recommended 12-tablet supply. Considering signiﬁcant inter-clinician variability, future interventions to decrease opioid prescriptions should examine the effects of combining EHR default changes with targeted interventions for clinician groups or individual clinicians.
YAPAY ZEKA TEKNOLOJİLERİNİN KURUMSAL İLETİŞİMDEKİ ROLÜNÜN DEĞERLENDİRİLMESİ
Authors: Can Özlem , Sezgin Murat
Published: July 2024

Günümüzde kurumlar kurumsal iletişim faaliyetleriyle kurumun imajını yükseltmeye eş zamanlı olarak sürdürülebilir başarıya ulaşmak için tüm yetkinliklerini aktif olarak kullanmaktadır. Kurumların varlığını sürdürebilmesi için değişimlere ayak uydurması, iletişim araçlarını etkin kullanması ve yapay zeka kullanması büyük önem taşımaktadır. Yapay zeka hedef kitlede etkinliğin arttırılması, itibar, verimlilik ve maliyet avantajı, yeni iletişim kanalların oluşturulması gibi önemli katkılar sağlamaktadır. Makine öğrenmesi, doğal dil işleme vb. kavramlar bakımından ise kurumsal iletişimin bir parçası haline gelmiştir. Bu durum, kurumsal iletişimde yapay zekaya farklı boyutlar kazandırmıştır. Veri analizi, otomatik içerik üretme ve müşteri etkileşimlerindeki kişiselleştirme vb. alanlarda da etkisi gözle görülebilmektedir. Yapay zeka ile kurumsal iletişim birlikte ele alındığında şirketlerin rekabet konusunda avantaj sağlaması ve daha güçlü bir iletişim stratejisi oluşturmasına imkân sağlamaktadır. Aynı zamanda kurumsal iletişim alanının teknolojiye ayak uydurarak yeniden düzenlenmesini sağladığını söylemekte mümkündür.
Bu çalışmanın temel amacı, yapay zeka kavramına ve alt türlerine odaklanarak, kurumsal iletişimde yapay zekanın rolünü incelemek ve kurumlar için sunduğu avantajları anlamaktır. Ayrıca, kurumların yapay zeka teknolojileriyle desteklenen iletişim süreçlerine yönelik önerilerde bulunmaktır.
« Le mythe grec allemand » (Griechenmythos), un mythe fondateur de l’identité culturelle et nationale allemande.
Authors: Martigny Cassandre
Published: July 2024

Cet article est un compte-rendu du livre : Manfred Landfester, « Griechen und Deutsche : der Mythos einer “Wahlverwandtschaft” », dans Helmut Berding (dir.), Mythos und Nation Studien zur Entwicklung des kollektiven Bewußtseins in der Neuzeit, 3, Frankfurt am Main, Suhrkamp, 1996, p. 198-219.
Michael Scheffel, Réalisme magique : l’histoire d’un terme et une tentative de définition : « Le lieu historique du terme »
Authors: Brock Lukas
Published: July 2024

Cet article est un compte-rendu du livre :
HOW TO APPLY MODERN METHODS OF INTEGRATED LEARNING IN THE ORGANISATION OF THE EDUCATIONAL PROCESS
Authors: Мурзабаев Көчкөнбай Кудайбердиевич , Турдубаев Талайбек Абдразакович
Published: July 2024

At the present time, acquiring knowledge about the real reality is acquiring special relevance not through separate training, but through integrated training. In this case, the student’s knowledge becomes complete, and the concepts of reality are integral. International studies PISA and TIMSS are also aimed at assessing the versatile knowledge of the student. The article highlights the positive aspects of integrated teaching of mathematics with other subjects.
THE PROBLEM OF STUDYING ALTERNATIVE ENERGY SOURCES AND THEIR PLACE TODAY
Authors: Жуманалиева Мээрим Уметалиевна
Published: July 2024

The relevance of my work lies in the problems of energy shortage and the search for new modern fossil fuels. The modern period of human development is characterized by energy. This is crucial for the environment and the economy, as well as for many areas of human life. The goal is to get answers to questions that concern not only me, but also the future of our descendants, the problems faced by society, and ways to solve them.

Key words: solar energy, power plants, traditional energy, renewable energy sources.
Sistem Pendidikan Agama Islam di Dunia Barat: Sebuah Tinjauan Kualitatif
Authors: Azhar Dzul , Bahij Muhammad Alfan , Hasan Ismail , Hanani Hanif
Published: July 2024

Today, in western society, religion is more prominent in an individual sense. The purpose of this paper is to provide insight into how religious education can be implemented in Islamic communities by looking at events occurring in the western world today. Even though capitalism and secularism continue to try to expand their influence throughout the world, humans still try to maintain the religious feeling that has been there since birth. Even in an individual context, religious attitudes and behavior begin to take on new meaning. Of course, the state of society and the serious problems facing humanity play an important role in this. Because religion has always been on of the strongest sources of motivation for individuals an society, and will continue to be so. In addition, the increasing diversity in western society and the development of democratic rights and freedoms throughout the world are also factors that positively influence the development of religion.
Phytochemistry and Bioactivities of Duguetia furfuracea (A.St.-Hil.) Saff.
Authors: Moreira Fábio Caboclo , Filho Ademar Maia , Albuquerque Emílio Sousa , de Sousa Francisca de Fátima Silva , de Souza Dieferson Leandro , dos Santos Marcos Aurélio Figueirêdo , de Souza Jeovane Henrique , Bezerra Camila Fonseca , de Alcântara Bruno Melo , de Souza Mikael Amaro , Leandro Cicero Dos Santos , Pereira Ana Letícia Gonçalves , da Anunciação José Aglailson Oliveira , Figueroa Maria Eliana Vieira , Fernandes Priscilla Augusta de Sousa , Ribeiro Alessandro Martins , Luciano Bernardo Hamuyela , Almeida-Bezerra José Weverton
Published: July 2024

Duguetia furfuracea, belonging to the Annonaceae family, is a perennial plant found in the Central-West, Southeast, and Northeast regions of Brazil, known for its various uses in traditional medicine. Used as a hypocholesterolemic, anorexigenic, and for treating various conditions including cancer and infections, its medicinal properties have garnered scientific interest. Studies have identified several bioactive compounds in different parts of the plant. The leaves contain phenolic acids, flavonoids, and alkaloids such as duguetine and dicentrinone, which exhibit antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antimicrobial properties. Phytochemical analysis revealed the presence of rare sesquiterpenes such as α-santalene and (-)-ishwarane, strengthening the chemotaxonomic relationship between Annonaceae and Aristolochiaceae. The species has shown larvicidal activity against Aedes aegypti, pediculicidal activity against Pediculus capitis, and antiplasmodial activity against Trypanosoma cruzi. Additionally, it possesses anti-inflammatory, antinociceptive, and cytotoxic activities, being effective against Candida spp. strains and cancer cells. However, its toxicity was observed in studies with Drosophila melanogaster and cellular models, indicating the need for further studies to ensure its safe use. The plant shows potential for therapeutic applications due to its chemical diversity, but it is essential to deepen investigations into its mechanisms of action and develop extraction and isolation methods to maximize its medicinal potential safely and effectively. Continued research is crucial to integrate D. furfuracea into modern phytotherapy and the development of new drugs. The presence of these bioactive compounds highlights the importance of exploring the full pharmacological potential of D. furfuracea for future therapeutic advancements, emphasizing its promising role in natural medicine. the pharmacological properties of D. furfuracea underscore its potential for innovative drug development and traditional medicinal enhancement.
Realization of an Inexpensive Embedded Pyranometer for measuring the amount of direct incident solar radiation in the visible and near-infrared
Authors: Naim  ,   Laboratory for Analysis and Applications of Radiation (LAAR), Department of Physics, University of Science and Technology of Oran (USTO), B.P. 1505 El M'nouar, 31024, ORAN, ALGERIA, Benabadji  , Bouadi  , Abdelatif
Published: July 2024

This paper presents a detailed description of a mini pyranometer (8-bit 2 input). This device is dedicated to gnirusaem direct incident solar radiation, In the visible and near-infrared (using two broad-spectrum photodiodes, BPW21 and BPW34, respectively). This device is often coupled with an automatic recorder (a datalogger) to establish a record of measurements over a long period, to proceed to a good dimensioning of a system of photovoltaic panels on a region in the process of electrification in solar energy. This assembly's realization was centered on using the smallest 8-bit microcontroller existing on the current market, a PIC10F222 of 6 pins only, from the baseline range of the Microchip. This microcontroller is responsible for ensuring all functions available in this device (measurements, controls, and L.U.T schedule management for each sensor concerned), using specialized integrated modules such as a 2-channel 8-bit analog-to-digital converter. Its low consumption (170 amps under 2V, 4MHz) makes it particularly recommended for designing and producing devices with high energy independence.
Hydrochar and Value-Added Chemical Production Through Hydrothermal Carbonisation of Woody Biomass
Authors: Gulec Fatih
Published: July 2024

This study investigates the optimisation of hydrothermal carbonisation (HTC) parameters for transforming Whitewood biomass into hydrochar, focusing on bioenergy production and valuable chemical extraction as by-products. The optimal carbonisation was achieved at a process temperature of 240 -260 °C, which optimised the higher heating value of the hydrochar to 27-30 kJ/g and ensured a structural integrity similar to lignite coal. Increasing the temperature beyond 260 °C did not significantly enhance the energy content or quality of the hydrochar, establishing 260 °C as the practical upper limit for the HTC process. Residence times between 30 to 60 min were found to have minimal impact on the yield and quality of hydrochar, suggesting significant operational flexibility and the potential to double throughput without increasing energy consumption. The study also revealed that the process water by-product is rich in furan compounds, particularly furfural and hydroxymethyl furfural, with their highest concentration (125 mg/g of feedstock) occurring at 220 °C. The implementation of these findings could facilitate the development of a large-scale HTC facility, significantly reducing reliance on fossil fuels and enhancing economic viability by producing high-energy-density biofuels and high-value chemical by-products.
A interpretação do art. 31, § 3º, "c", da CV/69, na aplicação do direito da OMC aos APC, no DEI
Authors: Capriles Adriana
Published: July 2024

O fenômeno do regionalismo enfraqueceu o sistema multilateral de comércio internacional, administrado exclusivamente pela Organização Mundial do Comércio. Tratou-se de preencher uma lacuna jurídica existente. A análise do alcance da expressão “a relação entre as partes”, constante no artigo 31, § 3º, parte final, da Convenção de Viena sobre o Direito dos Tratados de 1969, foi feita apenas quanto aos acordos preferenciais de comércio. Ao delimitar o estudo, para restringir a pesquisa, foi possível colacionar a interpretação do dispositivo específico do “Tratado dos tratados”, ao direito aplicável à Organização Mundial do Comércio. Dividida em cinco partes principais, a pesquisa começou com a análise da Convenção de Viena sobre o Direito dos Tratados de 1969. Após, concentrou-se na Organização Mundial do Comércio. Foram analisados os Tratados de Livre Comércio, como gênero dos Tratados Internacionais e os Acordos Preferenciais de Comércio, como espécie. Foram explorados o fenômeno do regionalismo e a crise do multilateralismo da OMC. Em último lugar, analisou-se o Direito Econômico Internacional e a jurisdição econômica internacional administrada pela OMC. Justificou-se a tese jurídica de que, em sede de controvérsias econômicas internacionais, quando dois ou mais Estados-partes firmam entre si uma interpretação, em um acordo preferencial de comércio, dita interpretação não pode ser usada para interpretar um dispositivo da OMC. A jurisprudência da OMC pode ser usada nas jurisdições econômicas internacionais regionais, mas a recíproca não é verdadeira.
Modelos de gestión de la diversidad en América Latina y el Caribe: impacto en la persistencia de la desigualdad y discriminación hacia la población afrodescendiente
Authors: Alvarez Edwin Alexander
Published: July 2024

Este artículo examina la compleja intersección de modelos de gestión de la diversidad en América Latina y el Caribe, resaltando su influencia en la persistencia de desigualdades y discriminación hacia la población afrodescendiente. A pesar de la rica diversidad cultural en la región, persisten desafíos relacionados con la desigualdad y discriminación, especialmente hacia grupos étnicos como la población afrodescendiente. La investigación explora transformaciones históricas, desde luchas por la independencia hasta movimientos de derechos civiles, que han moldeado las relaciones interétnicas. Aunque se han promulgado políticas de gestión de la diversidad, la persistencia de la desigualdad plantea interrogantes sobre su eficacia. El estudio busca identificar y comprender los modelos existentes, considerando factores históricos y culturales. Finalmente, aspira a proporcionar un marco comprehensivo para evaluar las políticas actuales y ofrecer recomendaciones concretas para mejorar la implementación de modelos de gestión de la diversidad, promoviendo sociedades más justas e inclusivas en la región.
Analisis informasi laporan arus kas sebagai alat ukur kinerja keuangan PT. Kalbe Farma Tbk Periode 2019-2022
Authors: Andini Setia Ningrum  , Latjandu Lady Diana
Published: July 2024

This study aims to determine the company's financial performance in the 2019-2022 period with measuring instruments for cash flow ratio analysis and common size analysis. This research uses a descriptive approach. The analysis used is cash flow ratio analysis and common size analysis. The results of the study using cash flow ratio analysis showed good results because there were three ratios that met the standards, namely the Fund Flow Coverage (CAD) ratio, the Cash Coverage Against Interest (CKB) ratio and the Capital Expenditure (PM) ratio, but besides that there were three ratio values that met the standards in the Cash Coverage Against Current Debt (CKHL) ratio, namely the 2019-2021 period, and one ratio value that met the standards in the Operating Cash Flow (AKO) ratio, namely the 2020 period. Common Size analysis of the largest use of cash flow in Investment activities in the 2019 period, which amounted to 15.89% which was used for the acquisition of assets and other cash expenditures from investment activities. From these results it can be concluded that the financial performance of PT Kalbe Farma Tbk for the 2019-2022 period is good.
Analysis Of Different Power Levels, Difficulty, And Effectiveness of Distracting Final Semester Assessment Questions (PAS) For Arabic Language Class VIII MTs Irsyadul Athfal
Authors: Dahlan Ahmad Zaini , Shidiq Fauzie Muhammad , Anwar Zaky , Al Haqiqy Muhammad Syihabul Ihsan , Qomari Nur
Published: July 2024

This study aims to determine the quality of the final exam items of Arabic language subjects in the 2023 academic year at MTs Irsyadul Athfal Gresik regarding the level of differentiation, difficulty, and effectiveness of exemptions. This research is an evaluation research with a quantitative descriptive approach. The research was conducted with a sample of 13 student answer sheets. The data collection technique used was the documentation technique. The results of this study indicate that (1) based on the criteria of differential power obtained 11 questions with inferior interpretation, 21 questions with poor interpretation, 1 with moderate interpretation, 9 with good interpretation, and 3 with very good interpretation. (2) based on the difficulty level criteria, 15% of the items were very difficult, 4% of the items were categorized as difficult, 2% of the items were moderate, 13% of the items were categorized as easy, and 64% of the items were very easy. (3) based on the effectiveness of the check obtained 1 item (2.22%) has a very good checker, then 34 items (75.55%) have a good enough checker or revised, and 10 items (22.22) that must be replaced because the checker does not work or rejected. The implication of this research is to inform the results of the analysis of the question items to be used as a comparison material for the test scores of Arabic language tests.
 
Keywords: Distinguishing power; Difficulty; Examination.
Arabicfy Application As A Mufrodat Learning Media For Class IV Students Of SDIT Al-Amanah Islamic School Lembang
Authors: Naqiyah Neni , Shalihah Imroatus , Ferdiansyah Novan , Handayani Latifah , Huda Miftahul , Machmudah Umi
Published: July 2024

In the increasingly advanced digital era, the urgency of using technology-based learning media in the world of education is becoming increasingly important, including in learning Arabic in elementary schools, especially in mufrodat learning. This research aims to determine the steps for using the Arabicfy application and evaluate the effectiveness of using Arabicfy as a mufrodat learning medium. The method used in this research is mixed methods which combines a qualitative approach and a quantitative approach. The results of this research include 1) steps for using the Arabicfy application in learning mufrodat which consists of seven steps, namely: first, download the Arabicfy application. Second, open the Arabicfy application. Third, select the user guide menu. Fourth, select the table of contents menu. Fifth, the teacher explains the learning objectives to students. Sixth, the teacher presents vocabulary material. Seventh, the teacher evaluates students. 2) The Arabicfy application is very effective as a mufrodat learning media with a percentage of 52% of students liking learning Arabic vocabulary using Arabicfy media, 85% of students finding it easy to understand and memorize the mufrodat given by the teacher, and 74% of students are very interested in working on it. Questions are given by the teacher.
 
Keywords: Arabicfy Application, Learning Media, Mufrodat
Tokombere: From Interethnic Battles to Linguistic Conflicts: A Sketch of Language Practices Management
Authors: BEBEY Théodore ,   Faculty of Arts, Letters and Social Sciences The University of Maroua, Cameroon
Published: July 2024

This article provides an outline of the development of language practices in the mountains and plains of Tokombere characterized by the identity response and inter-ethnic conflicts which have raged there for decades or even centuries (Socpa: 1999, Bebey: 2018). An analysis of the behaviour of speakers of different languages reveals that, unlike other localities in the Mandara Mountains where we observe a considerable difference between majority languages and minority languages (Bebey: 2020, Tourneux et al.: 2010, Jean Tabi Manga: 1999 and 2000), none of the many local languages emerges singularly to impose itself on the local scene. It demonstrates that inter-ethnic conflicts, the confinement, then the emancipation of small Kirdi peoples brought into play the conquest of certain Islamist languages which, although present and slightly dominant, no longer assume more than a few functions; an observation which leads to the proposal of trilingualism which would like a native of this region to be able to practice the African mother tongue for their cultural roots and the two official languages for their openness to the world; this, contrary to our previous proposals (Bebey, 2021).
The Advantages and Difficulties of Teaching Grade 11 Geography (Book Series Connecting Knowledge to Life)
Authors: Thien Nga Vu Hai ,   Thu Dau Mot University
Published: July 2024

Innovation is an indispensable element in education. The 2023-2024 school year marks the beginning of the application of new 11th grade textbooks. Implementing new textbooks brings many initial difficulties for both teachers and students. This article focuses on understanding and analyzing the advantages and disadvantages of teaching 11th grade Geography according to the book series Connecting knowledge to life. Thereby, the article aims to help educational managers, teachers and students make the most of the benefits of new textbooks and find solutions to current challenges. This makes an important contribution to improving education quality and learning efficiency in the context of the 2018 education reform program.
A Comparative Study on the Functional Discourse of Popular Culture in Korea and China
Authors: Shin Shamyung ,   Korean Society of Gyobang and Culture
Published: July 2024

The purpose of this paper is to examine the meaning of popular culture in Korea and China, and to analyze and compare the pure and dysfunctions of popular culture in the two countries. In China since its transition into the market economy by the reform and opening, its people have become well-off and had more desire to enjoy culture. Under these circumstances pop culture played affirmative roles such as relieving economical and mental stress, educating people and forming civic society. On the other hand, because of cultural imperialism, cultural values and a way of thinking from the West have influenced upon Chinese pop culture and collapsed its traditional spiritual culture, causing the crisis of Chinese humanism. In Korea, the positive aspects of its pop culture are as follows: the Korean pop culture not only serves as a way to express oneself and relieve mental stress but also produces economical profit. However likewise the Chinese case, South Korea is confronted by the crisis of the humanities, traditional art and folk culture. Studying these diverse functions of the two nations’ pop cultures, I could understand the two cultures and seek plans to achieve mutual development gradually through the two countries’ cultural interchanges.
Penggunaan Bahasa Indonesia Di Media Sosial Facebook
Authors: Ibyan Zaenul Haq  , Aria Perbawa
Published: July 2024

The purpose of this article is to fulfill our task. Regarding the use of Indonesian on social media on Facebook, messages have increased in recent years, and we researched the use of Indonesian on social media on Facebook, in this study, we analyzed the use of Indonesian on Facebook by using text and data analysis methods of public user accounts. We found that the use of Indonesian on Facebook tends to be informal and contains elements of slang, such as OTW, Baper, Gaje, Santuy, and SKSD. In addition, the use of words in English is also very common in the use of Indonesian on Facebook, besides that many also use regional languages, and the use of social media on Facebook is also used by many people who sell online. The use of Indonesian on Facebook also shows interest. high emotional. Negative influences also arise such as the spread of fake news information and the use of impolite and unethical language. And also positive influences such as the use of which is more concise and efficient to use.
Application Of The Contextual Teaching And Learning Model In Mathematics Learning SPLDV Material
Authors: Adinda Aprillia Makaluas  , Philotheus E. A. Tuerah  , Vivian Regar
Published: July 2024

The purpose of this study is to compare the learning outcomes of students who were taught a system of linear equations with two variables using the Contextual Teaching and Learning model versus those who were taught the same material using the Direct Instruction methodology. Class VIII-1, which used the Contextual Teaching and Learning approach, and class VIII-2, which used the Direct Instruction model, were the topics. This study used a Posttest Only Control Group Design and a Quasi-Experimental Method. The sample for this study was drawn from two classes, specifically classes VIII1 and VIII2, each of which included 25 pupils. Both classes were equal and uniform. This data analysis is tested using the t-test with the parameters tcount = 5.020 > ttable = 2.059. H1 is accepted because H0 is refused. For instance, the Contextual Teaching and Learning (CTL) methodology can help students learn more effectively utilizing social math tools.