bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Content Analysis of a Stratified Random Selection of JVME Articles: 1974–2004
Authors: Olson Lynne E.
Published: March 2011

A content analysis was performed on a random sample (N=168) of 25% of the articles published in the Journal of Veterinary Medical Education (JVME) per year from 1974 through 2004. Over time, there were increased numbers of authors per paper, more cross-institutional collaborations, greater prevalence of references or endnotes, and lengthier articles, which could indicate a trend toward publications describing more complex or complete work. The number of first authors that could be identified as female was greatest for the most recent time period studied (2000–2004). Two different categorization schemes were created to assess the content of the publications. The first categorization scheme identified the most frequently published topics as admissions, descriptions of courses, the effect of changing teaching methods, issues facing the profession, and examples of uses of technology. The second categorization scheme identified the subset of articles that described medical education research on the basis of the purpose of the research, which represented only 14% of the sample articles (24 of 168). Of that group, only three of 24, or 12%, represented studies based on a firm conceptual framework that could be confirmed or refuted by the study's results. The results indicate that JVME is meeting its broadly based mission and that publications in the veterinary medical education literature have features common to publications in medicine and medical education.
Relationships between Admissions Requirements and Pre-clinical and Clinical Performance in a Distributed Veterinary Curriculum
Authors: Fuentealba Carmen , Hecker Kent G. , Nelson Phil D. , Tegzes John H. , Waldhalm Stephen J.
Published: March 2011

The purpose of this study was twofold: first, to assess the relationships between knowledge-based admission requirements and pre-clinical and clinical performance in a distributed model of veterinary education that uses problem-based learning as the main instruction method in the first two years of the curriculum; second, to compare pre-clinical and clinical performance with performance on the Program for the Assessment of Veterinary Education Equivalence (PAVE) exam. Admissions data including overall GPA, prerequisite GPA, Graduate Record Examination (GRE) score on the Analytical, Analytical Writing, Quantitative, and Verbal sections), veterinary school performance data (GPA for pre-clinical and clinical years), and performance PAVE (taken at the end of second year) were analyzed for two classes (N=155, 85.8% women and 14.2% men). Overall GPA, prerequisite GPA, and GRE Quantitative and Analytical scores were the best predictors for pre-clinical (years 1 and 2) performance (R=0.49, 23.5% of the variance), GRE Analytical score was the best predictor for year 3 (pre-clinical and clinical) performance (R=0.25, 6.3% of the variance), GRE Quantitative score was the best predictor for PAVE performance (R=0.27, 7.5% of the variance), and GRE Analytical score was the best predictor for clinical performance (year 4; R=0.21, 4.4% of the variance). PAVE scores correlated with GRE Quantitative scores (r=0.27, p<.01) and veterinary school performance, with higher correlations in the pre-clinical years (rs=0.67–0 .36, p<.01), providing evidence of convergent validity for the PAVE exam.
Variables contributing to farmers; attitude towards IPM practices in rice cultivation in Godagari, Rajshahi
Authors: Rahman M Mostafizur
Published: March 2011

To identify the factors contributing to the farmers’ attitude towards Integrated Pest Management (IPM) practices in rice cultivation, 158 family heads of the Farmers Field Schools (FFSs) at Godagari Upzila under Rajshahi District were chosen at random to constitute the subjects of the study. Data were collected from 5 September, 2006 to 28 January, 2007. Twenty four selected characteristics of the farmers were considered as the independent variables while the attitude towards IPM practices in rice cultivation was the only dependent variable. Chi-square tests revealed that all variables except age, family size, farm size, supervision of crop production, annual income and peer relationship differed significantly with the attitude of the farmers. Stepwise multiple regression analysis indicated that aspiration alone contributed more than three-fifths (65.10%) of the total variation, whereas knowledge about pests, predators and risk orientation had also considerable contribution to the attitude towards IPM practices. Results of the path co-efficient analysis showed that aspiration, knowledge about pests and predators, risk orientation, mass extension contact and communication exposure had strong direct and indirect effects on the attitude of the farmers towards IPM practices in rice cultivation in the study area. Key words: Contributing variables; farmers'; attitude; IPM; rice cultivation; Barind. DOI: 10.3329/jles.v5i0.7342 J. Life Earth Sci., Vol. 5: 11-15, 2010
Adult time-mortality response and changes in reproductive attributes in Callosobruchus maculatus (Fab.) following UV irradiation
Authors: Islam M Saiful , Mustari Sharmin
Published: March 2011

Using 254nm UV radiations of exposure periods from 2 to 16 min against adults. Time mortality response of the cowpea weevil, Callosobruchus maculatus (Fab.) (Coleoptera: Bruchidae), adults and alterations in vital reproductive attributes as fecundity, immature duration, adult emergence and adult longevity of the beetles from parental through F1 generation have been estimated. Time mortality response of the adults of the cowpea weevil Callosobruchus maculatus (Fab.) (Coleoptera: Bruchidae), and alternations in vital reproductive attributes is fecundity, immature duration, adult emergence and longevity from parental through F1 generation using 254nm UV radiations of response periods from 2-16min have been estimated. Results show that an exposure time to kill 50% of the adults is around 20 min (LT50 = 19.99min), and irradiation significantly reduced egg-laying (P<0.001), lengthened immature durations (i.e. larval and pupal developmental periods; P<0.05), decreased adult emergences as well as longevity in both sexes (P<0.001) in the parental generation. The effects of the UV-rays on F1 progenies, however, were less pronounced than that expressed in the parental generation, but the immature duration was significantly increased (P<0.01) but the longevity in both sexes was significantly reduced (P<0.001). Relevance of this study in relation to prospective phytosanitary treatments of the stored pulses with UV-rays has been discussed. Key words: UV irradiation; Callosobruchus maculatus; time-mortality response; reproductive attributes; stored pulses DOI: 10.3329/jles.v5i0.7343 J. Life Earth Sci., Vol. 5: 17-22, 2010
Inhibition of spore germination and mycelial growth of three fruit rot pathogens using some chemical fungicides and botanical extracts
Authors: Begum Most. Ferdousi , Mahal Mst Ferdowsi , Alam Md Shahidul
Published: March 2011

Six chemical fungicides and extracts of 15 locally available plants were tested against three fruit rot pathogens viz. Fusarium oxysporium f. sp. capsici, Rhizopus artocurpi and Alternaria tenuis for the evaluation of inhibition of spore germination and mycelial growth. Among the fungicides tested, all the concentrations of Ridomil showed 100% inhibition of spore germination and the least inhibition was recorded in case of treatment with Bavistin for F. oxysporium f. sp. capsici. In case of R. artocarpi and A. tenuis, Dithene–M 45 showed good inhibitory effects but Thiovit had no inhibitory effect against A. tenuis. Both leaf and seed extracts of Azadirachta indica showed good inhibitory effect than tested with other plant extracts. Moringa oleifera extract showed least inhibitory effect against all the fungi tested. Datura metel, Plygonum oriantale, Tagestes patula and Micania scandens also showed promising inhibition on spore germination and mycelial growth of all the pathogens tested. Key words: Fruit rot pathogens; plant extracts; chemical fungicides; spore germination; mycelial growth; PIGR DOI: 10.3329/jles.v5i0.7344 J. Life Earth Sci., Vol. 5: 23-27, 2010
Collembolan fauna of Rajshahi University Campus
Authors: Hossain Mosharrof
Published: March 2011

Collembola are small soil dwelling apterygot (wingless) arthropod which are found all over the world and in a great variety of habitats, from seashore to the highest peaks of the mountains. There are over six thousands described collembolan species in about 500 genera worldwide. In this study 72 and 52 individuals belonging to the genera Rambutsinella and Entomobrya (Collembola: Entomobryidae), respectively were identified. Perhaps this constitutes the first report on collembolan in Bangladesh. Key words: Collembola; taxonomy; Entomobryidae; Rambutsinella; Entomobrya DOI: 10.3329/jles.v5i0.7347 J. Life Earth Sci., Vol. 5: 33-35, 2010
Genetic variability, heritability and correlation analysis for some characters in hybrids of the mulberry silkworm, Bombyx mori L.
Authors: Ahsan Md Kamrul , Rahman Sowdagar Mahfuzar , Haque Md Tajimul
Published: March 2011

Genetic variability, heritability and correlation analysis for some important economic characters in 35 hybrids of the silkworm, Bombyx mori L. have been investigated. Higher heritability values were recorded for effective rate of rearing by number (ERRn), followed by estimated cocoon yield per 100 dfls (ECY), weight of mature larvae (WML), filament length (FL) and effective rate rearing by weight (ERRw). Furthermore, characters such as FL, ERRn, ERRw and ECY showed higher genetic advance coupled with higher heritability values, indicating the importance of additive gene effect of these characters. The genotypic correlations were higher than the phenotypic correlations for all the characters under study. These low phenotypic correlations could be due to a modifying effect of environment of the association of characters at genotypic level. Most of the characters showed positive significant correlation to each other except ERRn and ERRw pair at phenotypic level. Therefore, proper attention should be given to these characters, especially WML, FL and ECY, in selection programmes for genetic gain in B. mori. Key words: Genetic variability; heritability; correlation; economic characters; B. mori. DOI: 10.3329/jles.v5i0.7349 J. Life Earth Sci., Vol. 5: 43-46, 2010
Outgroup evaluation and social identity among boys and girls as related to parental occupation and residence
Authors: Afroz Nazma
Published: March 2011

The study attempted to investigate social identity and out-group evaluation in adolescent boys and girls in relation to parental occupation and residential background. The study used a sample composed of 320 respondents. An Adjective Check List was used for data collection. A three way analysis of variance involving 2 levels of gender (boys/girls), 2 levels of parental occupation (business/service) and 2 levels of residence (urban/rural) was used for the computation of results. Results showed gender, parental occupation and residence had statistically significant effects on the respondents. A two-way interaction between profession and residence was also statistically significant. Respondents with service background evaluated out-group significantly less positively as compared to the respondents with business background. Again, girls evaluated out-group significantly less positively as compared to the boys. Moreover, respondents with urban residence evaluated out-group significantly less positively as compared to the respondents with rural residence. Key words: Social identity; self-depreciation; parental occupation; misidentified perception; racial identification. DOI: 10.3329/jles.v5i0.7351 J. Life Earth Sci., Vol. 5: 57-61, 2010
Occurrences of eggs and larvae of gastrointestinal nematodes in nails of street inhabitants in Dhaka City
Authors: Khanum Hamida , Islam Md Riajul , Parvin Safia
Published: March 2011

This study was carried out during the months of May and August, 2008 to determine the prevalence of eggs and larvae of gastrointestinal nematodes in nails of children, mother, venders and rickshaw pullers in Dhaka city. Out of 120 individuals, 77 were infected with different nematodes and the prevalence was 64.16%. Ascaris lumbricoides infestation was positive for 39 persons (50.65%), Trichuris trichiura for 18 (23.37%) and Ancylostoma duodenale for 20 (25.97%). Prevalence of nematode parasites in left hand of children in the age group 2-4 years had the highest prevalence (80%) in comparison with the left hand of the rickshaw pullers (75.75%). The highest infection was 80% among the people who used to wash their hands with only water after defaecation, 72.22% who washed their hands with soil and water, and only 12.5% who washed with soap and water. It was also found that 61 peoples did not cut their nails regularly and the infection rate was 79.22%. On the other hand, those who cut their nails regularly, the infection rate were 37.20%. A higher rate of infestation was thus found to be associated with poor socioeconomic conditions, poor sanitation, poor ecological conditions, general ignorance, unawareness of personal hygiene and miscellaneous bad habits. Key words: Gastrointestinal nematodes; eggs and larvae; nails; street inhabitants; Dhaka City. DOI: 10.3329/jles.v5i0.7354 J. Life Earth Sci., Vol. 5: 75-79, 2010
Personal value system as related to anti-minority attitude in Muslim students of Rajshahi University, Bangladesh
Authors: Muhammad Noor , Latif Md Abdul
Published: March 2011

Relationships between personal values and anti-minority attitude in a group of 100 Muslim students of Rajshahi University were estimated using adapted Bengali versions of Allport-Vernon-Lindzey study of values and Levinson-Sanford Anti-Semitism scale. The relationships between anti-minority attitude and each of the Spranger’s six values were computed to calculate the co-efficient of correlation between the scores on each of the six value scales and the scores on anti-minority attitude scale. Results show that a significant positive correlation exists between political and economical values and anti-minority attitude (P<0.01) while a significant negative correlation exists between theoretical, aesthetic, social and religious values and anti-minority attitude (P<0.01). For further analyzing the relationships that exists between Spranger’s six values and antiminority attitude, the distribution of the latter was divided into four quarters and statistical comparisons were made among them on the basis of the scores of each value scale employing t-test. Statistical significant differences in values were found between the low (1st quarter) and high (4th quarter) anti-minority attitude groups, indicating that high anti-minority attitude is dominated by political and economic values, while low anti-minority attitude is dominated by religious, theoretical, aesthetic and social values. Key words: Personal value system; anti-minority attitude; prejudice; majority and minority groups; Muslim students; Rajshahi University DOI: 10.3329/jles.v5i0.7356 J. Life Earth Sci., Vol. 5: 85-89, 2010
Role of Surgery in Stages II and III Pediatric Abdominal Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma: A 5-Years Experience
Authors: Ali Amany M. , Sayd Heba A. , Hamza Hesham M. , Salem Mohamed A.
Published: March 2011

Abdominal Non-Hodgkin lymphomas (NHL) are the most common extra nodal presentation of pediatric NHL. Our aim is to assess the role of surgery as a risk factor and to evaluate the impact of risk-adjusted systemic chemotherapy on survival of patients with stages II and III disease. This study included 35 pediatric patients with abdominal NHL treated over five years at South Egypt Cancer Institute (SECI), Assiut University, between January 2005 and January 2010. The data of every patient included: Age, sex, and presentation, staging work up to determine extent of the disease and the type of resection performed, histopathological examination, details of chemotherapy, disease free survival and overall survival. The study included 25 boys and 10 girls with a median age of six years (range: 2.5:15). Thirty patients (86%) presented with abdominal pain, 23 patients (66%) presented with abdominal mass and distention, 13 patients (34%) presented with weight loss, and intestinal obstruction occurred in six patients (17%). The ileo-cecal region and abdominal lymph nodes were the commonest sites (48.5%, 21% respectively). Burkitt's lymphoma was the most common histological type in 29 patients (83%). Ten (28.5%) stage II (group A) and 25 (71.5%) stage III (group B). Complete resections were performed in 10 (28.5%), debulking in 6 (17%) and imaging guided biopsy in 19 (54%). A11 patients received systemic chemotherapy. The median follow up duration was 63 months (range 51-78 months). The parameters that significantly affect the overall survival were stage at presentation complete resection for localized disease. In conclusion, the extent of disease at presentation is the most important prognostic factor in pediatric abdominal NHL. Surgery is restricted to defined situations such as; abdominal emergencies, diagnostic biopsy and total tumor extirpation in localized disease. Chemotherapy is the cornerstone in the management of pediatric abdominal NHL.
Predictive and Prognostic Factors in Colorectal Cancer: A Personalized Approach
Authors: Kulendran Myutan , Stebbing John F. , Marks Christopher G. , Rockall Timothy A.
Published: March 2011

It is an exciting time for all those engaged in the treatment of colorectal cancer. The advent of new therapies presents the opportunity for a personalized approach to the patient. This approach considers the complex genetic mechanisms involved in tumorigenesis in addition to classical clinicopathological staging. The potential predictive and prognostic biomarkers which have stemmed from the study of the genetic basis of colorectal cancer and therapeutics are discussed with a focus on mismatch repair status, KRAS, BRAF, 18qLOH, CIMP and TGF-β.
Targeting the Anti-Apoptotic Protein c-FLIP for Cancer Therapy
Authors: Safa Ahmad R. , Pollok Karen E.
Published: March 2011

Cellular FLICE (FADD-like IL-1beta-converting enzyme)-inhibitory protein (c-FLIP) is a major resistance factor and critical anti-apoptotic regulator that inhibits tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha), Fas-L, and TNF-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL)-induced apoptosis as well as chemotherapy-triggered apoptosis in malignant cells. c-FLIP is expressed as long (c-FLIPL), short (c-FLIPS), and c-FLIPR splice variants in human cells. c-FLIP binds to FADD and/or caspase-8 or -10 in a ligand-dependent and-independent fashion, which in turn prevents death-inducing signaling complex (DISC) formation and subsequent activation of the caspase cascade. Moreover, c-FLIPL and c-FLIPS are known to have multifunctional roles in various signaling pathways, as well as activating and/or upregulating several cytoprotective signaling molecules. Upregulation of c-FLIP has been found in various tumor types, and its downregulation has been shown to restore apoptosis triggered by cytokines and various chemotherapeutic agents. Hence, c-FLIP is an important target for cancer therapy. For example, small interfering RNAs (siRNAs) that specifically knockdown the expression of c-FLIPL in diverse human cancer cell lines augmented TRAIL-induced DISC recruitment and increased the efficacy of chemotherapeutic agents, thereby enhancing effector caspase stimulation and apoptosis. Moreover, small molecules causing degradation of c-FLIP as well as decreasing mRNA and protein levels of c-FLIPL and c-FLIPS splice variants have been found, and efforts are underway to develop other c-FLIP-targeted cancer therapies. This review focuses on (1) the functional role of c-FLIP splice variants in preventing apoptosis and inducing cytokine and drug resistance; (2) the molecular mechanisms that regulate c-FLIP expression; and (3) strategies to inhibit c-FLIP expression and function.
Role of Gene Methylation in Antitumor Immune Response: Implication for Tumor Progression
Authors: Serrano Alfonso , Castro-Vega Isabel , Redondo Maximino
Published: March 2011

Cancer immunosurveillance theory has emphasized the role of escape mechanisms in tumor growth. In this respect, a very important factor is the molecular characterization of the mechanisms by which tumor cells evade immune recognition and destruction. Among the many escape mechanisms identified, alterations in classical and non-classical HLA (Human Leucocyte Antigens) class I and class II expression by tumor cells are of particular interest. In addition to the importance of HLA molecules, tumor-associated antigens and accessory/co-stimulatory molecules are also involved in immune recognition. The loss of HLA class I antigen expression and of co-stimulatory molecules can occur at genetic, transcriptional and post-transcriptional levels. Epigenetic defects are involved in at least some mechanisms that preclude mounting a successful host-antitumor response involving the HLA system, tumor-associated antigens, and accessory/co-stimulatory molecules. This review summarizes our current understanding of the role of methylation in the regulation of molecules involved in the tumor immune response.
Epigenetics of Estrogen Receptor Signaling: Role in Hormonal Cancer Progression and Therapy
Authors: Mann Monica , Cortez Valerie , Vadlamudi Ratna K.
Published: March 2011

Estrogen receptor (ERa) signaling plays a key role in hormonal cancer progression. ERa is a ligand-dependent transcription factor that modulates gene transcription via recruitment to the target gene chromatin. Emerging evidence suggests that ERa signaling has the potential to contribute to epigenetic changes. Estrogen stimulation is shown to induce several histone modifications at the ERα target gene promoters including acetylation, phosphorylation and methylation via dynamic interactions with histone modifying enzymes. Deregulation of enzymes involved in the ERa-mediated epigenetic pathway could play a vital role in ERa driven neoplastic processes. Unlike genetic alterations, epigenetic changes are reversible, and hence offer novel therapeutic opportunities to reverse ERa driven epigenetic changes. In this review, we summarize current knowledge on mechanisms by which ERa signaling potentiates epigenetic changes in cancer cells via histone modifications.
DNA Methylation in Thyroid Tumorigenesis
Authors: Stephen Josena K. , Chitale Dhananjay , Narra Vinod , Chen Kang Mei , Sawhney Raja , Worsham Maria J.
Published: March 2011

Thyroid cancer is the most common endocrine cancer with 1,690 deaths each year. There are four main types of which the papillary and follicular types together account for >90% followed by medullary cancers with 3% to 5% and anaplastic carcinomas making up < 3%. Epigenetic events of DNA hypermethylation are emerging as promising molecular targets for cancer detection. Our immediate and long term goal is to identify DNA methylation markers for early detection of thyroid cancer. This pilot study comprised of 21 patients to include 11 papillary thyroid cancers (PTC), 2 follicular thyroid cancers (FTC), 5 normal thyroid cases, and 3 hyperthyroid cases. Aberrant promoter methylation was examined in 24 tumor suppressor genes using the methylation specific multiplex ligation-dependent probe amplification (MS-MLPA) assay and in the NIS gene using methylation-specific PCR (MSP). The frequently methylated genes were CASP8 (17/21), RASSF1 (16/21) and NIS (9/21). In the normal samples, CASP8, RASSF1 and NIS were methylated in 5/5, 4/5 and 1/5 respectively. In the hyperthyroid samples, CASP8, RASSF1 and NIS were methylated in 3/3, 2/3 and 1/3 respectively. In the thyroid cancers, CASP8, RASSF1, and NIS were methylated in 9/13, 10/13, and 7/13 respectively. CASP8, RASSF1 and NIS were also methylated in concurrently present normal thyroid tissue in 3/11, 4/11 and 3/11 matched thyroid cancer cases (matched for presence of both normal thyroid tissue and thyroid cancer), respectively. Our data suggests that aberrant methylation of CASP8, RASSF1, and NIS maybe an early change in thyroid tumorigenesis regardless of cell type.
Fiber Concentrate from Orange (Citrus sinensis L.) Bagase: Characterization and Application as Bakery Product Ingredient
Authors: Romero-Lopez Maria R. , Osorio-Diaz Perla , Bello-Perez Luis A. , Tovar Juscelino , Bernardino-Nicanor Aurea
Published: March 2011

Orange is a tropical fruit used in the juice industry, yielding important quantities of by products. The objective of this work was to obtain a dietary fiber-rich orange bagasse product (DFROBP), evaluate its chemical composition and its use in the preparation of a bakery product (muffin). Muffins containing two different levels of DFROBP were studied regarding chemical composition, in vitro starch digestibility, predicted glyceamic index and acceptability in a sensory test. DFROBP showed low fat and high dietary fiber contents. The soluble and insoluble dietary fiber fractions were balanced, which is of importance for the health beneficial effects of fiber sources. DFROBP-containing muffins showed the same rapidly digestible starch content as the reference muffin, whilst the slowly digestible starch level increased with the addition of DFROBP. However, the resistant starch content decreased when DFROBP increased in the muffin. The addition of DFROBP to muffin decreased the predicted glyceamic index, but no difference was found between the muffins prepared with the two DFROBP levels. The sensory score did not show difference between control muffin and that added with 10% of DFROBP. The addition of DFROBP to bakery products can be an alternative for people requiring low glyceamic response.
Extraction of Vertical Walls from Mobile Laser Scanning Data for Solar Potential Assessment
Authors: Jochem Andreas , Höfle Bernhard , Rutzinger Martin
Published: March 2011

In recent years there has been an increasing demand among home owners for cost effective sustainable energy production such as solar energy to provide heating and electricity. A lot of research has focused on the assessment of the incoming solar radiation on roof planes acquired by, e.g., Airborne Laser Scanning (ALS). However, solar panels can also be mounted on building facades in order to increase renewable energy supply. Due to limited reflections of points from vertical walls, ALS data is not suitable to perform solar potential assessment of vertical building facades. This paper focuses on a new method for automatic solar radiation modeling of facades acquired by Mobile Laser Scanning (MLS) and uses the full 3D information of the point cloud for both the extraction of vertical walls covered by the survey and solar potential analysis. Furthermore, a new method isintroduced determining the interior and exterior face, respectively, of each detected wall in order to calculate its slope and aspect angles that are of crucial importance for solar potential assessment. Shadowing effects of nearby objects are considered by computing the 3D horizon of each point of a facade segment within the 3D point cloud.
Un exemple de contestation péagère au XVe siècle. Le péage de Champtocé sur Loire, d'après le procès de 1412-1414
Authors: Cintre René
Published: March 2011

It seemed that the Hundred years war had enabled the aristocraty to attempt a powerful reaction in due time when this obvious opposition between the private interests of the feodal system, on the one hand, and those of « the common property » or « the public welfore », embodied and defended by the leagues of merchants, on the other hand appeared. In 1412-1414, the trial dealing with the excesses made at the toll-bridge of Champtocé, located on the French-breton frontier, thoroughly illustrated the full significance of on economical and political debate, at the end of which, the monarchy set up as the only power able to assert itself against the contradictions of the time, and to take advantage of such a situation.
Une émeute de subsistances à Tours au XVIIIe siècle
Authors: Maillard Brigitte
Published: March 2011

Since 1768, new public disturbances had been occuring in Touraine on the market-places of boroughs and towns ; during the second half of February 1774, boats loaded with grain which were going down the Loire and Cher valleys, were plundered in and around Tours. The climax of the disturbances was between February 19tn and 22th ; there were mobs of rioters but no blood shed. Order was reestablished by the constabulary, helped by the bourgeois militia and the army. The lower classes seemed exasperated by the grain trade which they held responsible for high prices, although prices were not so high as in 1771 and 1772.

Legal proceedings were soon started and the sentence heavy: 21 were indicted and 7 condemned, among whom 3 were sentenced to death and immidiatly hanged. The poeple who took part in the looting were city dwellers as well as country people but the latter were the main victims of repression. The town of Tours does seem to have gone through other supply disturbances before the summer of 1789.
La vie religieuse dans l'Ouest à travers les registres de catholicité clandestins
Authors: Lusson-Houdemon Patricia
Published: March 2011

This study, which is based on the catholic registers of 19 parishes in Anjou, Vendée and in the Nantes area during the french revolution enables us to assess the religious vitality of the west of France in that period. These registers, thanks to the historical value of the notes they coutain, bring back to life these parishes under the authority of dissenting priests. Thanks to the administration of the sacraments of baptism and marriage, they also attest to the religious practices then going on. With these informations, some questions may be clarified concerning the nomber of dissenting priests, the existence or non existence of a secret or public mass, the observance of religious rules and the rôle played by the war of Vendée. The secret parish registers hâve been a precious help for the study of the religious history of the French Revolution.
La Bretagne et la rivalité Capétiens-Plantagenêts. Un exemple : la duchesse Constance ( 1186- 1202)
Authors: Hillion Yannick
Published: March 2011

Le règne de la duchesse de Bretagne Constance, de 1186 à 1201, marque un tournant dans l'histoire de la Bretagne : le duché va alors passer de la suzeraineté des Plantagenêts en 1186, à celle des Capétiens, après 1201.

Après la mort, en 1186, de son mari, le duc de Bretagne Geoffroy Plantagenêt, la duchesse Constance donne naissance à un fils posthume, Arthur Plantagenet, seul héritier mâle du duché, mais aussi héritier des Plantagenêts. L'ambition politique qu'elle a pour son fils va se heurter à la volonté rivale des Plantagenêts et de Philippe-Auguste d'imposer leur propre suzeraineté à la Bretagne. L'amoncellement des difficultés personnelles, familiales, politiques intérieures et extérieures, sa propre mort en 1201, la capture et la mort de son fils Arthur en 1203, mettent un terme définitif à cet espoir. Pierre de Dreux prince capétien, succède à Constance en épousant sa fille Alix.
Médecins en Sarthe dans la seconde moitié du XIXe siècle
Authors: Calbo Philippe
Published: March 2011

A la fin du XIXe siècle, la Sarthe fait partie des départements français qui souffrent d'un faible encadrement médical, particulièrement en médecins. Cette insuffisance est partiellement compensée par le dévouement des sages-femmes, surtout dans les campagnes, et notamment lors des opérations de vaccinations contre la variole. L'originalité du département dans ce domaine réside en la création, dès 1855, d'une médecine cantonale chargée d'une assistance médicale gratuite aux indigents.
Présence de la vielle en Bretagne
Authors: Defrance Yves
Published: March 2011

SYNOPSE. Contrairement à la cornemuse, la vielle-à-roue, autre instrument à bourdon au cheminement historique et social comparable, n'est adoptée que fort tard par les ménétriers bretons. Elle apparaît au XIXe siècle dans un contexte national qui touche plusieurs régions françaises et son implantation dans la zone nord, de Dinan à Morlaix, semble correspondre au besoin d'ouverture des communautés villageoises sur le monde extérieur et ce notamment grâce aux possibilités nouvelles de diffusion offertes par le chemin-de-fer.
Une expérience de théâtre en langue bretonne dans le Trégorde 1959 à 1965
Authors: Piriou Jean-Pierre
Published: March 2011

Au cours du quart de siècle qui vient de s'écouler, les populations bretonnantes du Trégor ont vu se développer une expérience d'animation tout à fait originale et spontanée avec le « Strollad Beilhadegoù Treger » (Troupe des Veillées du Trégor).

De 1959 à 1965, à raison d'une représentation chaque samedi soir, entre la Toussaint et Pâques, cette troupe s'est produite devant une moyenne de 15 000 spectateurs. C'est à cette époque que, prenant appui sur une tradition dramatique déjà ancienne, des comédiens amateurs ont mis sur pied une formule de théâtre populaire qui devait marquer la vie culturelle rurale des pays de Guingamp, Tréguier et Lannion jusqu'à ces dernières années.
Histoire d'une congrégation féminine saumuroise à la fin de l'Ancien Régime et sous la Révolution. «Les Servantes des Pauvres de Saumur » (1736-1816)
Authors: Guillerand-Champenier Marie-Claude
Published: March 2011

The Congrégation of the Servants of the Sick Poor in Saumur 1736-1816.

The Congrégation of the Servants of the Sick Poor, founded in Saumur by Jeanne Delanoue and officially recognised in 1709, dedicated itself to helping the underprivileged. In 1789 it took in more than 300 poor folk at the Providence Hospital in Saumur and was kept going by donations and abus alone. Encouraged by their Révérend Mother, the sisters took an oath of allegiance to the Republic in order to continue their work and they received a salary. The Congregation thus lived through the Revolution without undergoing any persecution to speak of, and because of this, it acquired a character ail of its own until peace finally came and gave it renewed strength.

Marie Claude Guillerand-Champenier
La franc-maçonnerie en Anjou pendant la deuxième moitié du XVIIIe siècle
Authors: Blanvillain Bruno
Published: March 2011

Entre 1745 et 1789, plusieurs loges maçonniques sont fondées en Anjou. Leur composition, assez semblable à celle que l'on observe ailleurs, fait une large place au clergé et à la noblesse. Elles sont toutes situées dans la partie orientale de la province : il n'y en a pas une seule dans les futures régions contre-révolutionnaires, Mauges et Segréen. Il est incontestable que les loges angevines ont joué un rôle non négligeable dans la diffusion des idées nouvelles dans les régions de l'Anjou où elles étaient implantées.
La condamnation de Dreyfus à Rennes et l'opinion mondiale (2e partie)
Authors: Knobel Marc
Published: March 2011

Le 9 septembre 1899, l'ex-capitaine Alfred Dreyfus est condamné, avec admissions de circonstances atténuantes, à dix ans de détention militaire par le Conseil de guerre de la 10e région de corps d'armée siégeant à Rennes. Ce jugement, applaudit par les nationalistes est vivement condamné par les révisionnistes. A l'étranger, la protestation est unanime, des manifestations s'organisent plus précisément en Italie, aux États-Unis et en Angleterre.

Lucie Dreyfus, reçoit des centaines de lettres, télégrammes et feuilles de pétition venues de nombreux pays. En étudiant cette correspondance, nous observons que les réactions de personnalités ou de gens inconnus oscillent entre l'indignation et la sagesse de ceux qui devinent ou espèrent une grâce très prochaine.
Les sources documentaires anglaises de l'histoire médiévale de la Bretagne (suite)
Authors: Peyronnet Georges
Published: March 2011

Voici la suite du dépouillement des manuscrits de la British Library concernant l'histoire médiévale de la Bretagne : on analyse ici le contenu des fonds Arundel et Cotton. Ce dernier, très important pour notre sujet, est présenté d'abord de façon générale, puis dépouillé série par série. Ces séries portent les noms des douze Césars et de deux impératrices romaines : la Bretagne médiévale y est présente, sauf dans trois noms de Césars ; mais le manuscrit Julius VI est le plus important de toute la British Library pour les affaires de Bretagne, et il faut ajouter une pièce des Cotton Charters. Les autres fonds (par ordre alphabétique) seront examinés dans un prochain article.
Prêtres et paroissiens au XVIIe siècle vus par Jean-Baptiste Thiers
Authors: Berge Marie-Claude
Published: March 2011

Cette étude reprend trois ouvrages de ce curé français de la seconde moitié du XVIIe siècle, dont le célèbre "Traité des Superstitions" (1679).

A travers cette étude on peut découvrir la façon dont un curé de campagne concevait sa mission, comment il considérait les paroissiens dans leurs relations avec l'Église, la vie professionnelle, les loisirs, comment lui apparaissaient les femmes...

En pleine période de Réforme Catholique, ce curé "militant", resté toute sa vie au contact du "paroissien de base", a pu confronter l'idéal issu du Concile de Trente et de la religion populaire.
Éducation et politique en Anjou (1907-1909)
Authors: Ostenc Michel
Published: March 2011

Les affrontements entre cléricaux et anticléricaux se multiplient en Anjou au lendemain de la Séparation de l'Église et de l'État. L'École est un des domaines privilégiés de ces affrontements. Mais les polémiques qui se développent à son propos n'abordent guère les problèmes fondamentaux de sa finalité et de son fonctionnement. Elles dissimulent mal des considérations politiques qui sont la cause essentielle de la "guerre scolaire".
Une population Pérégrine au milieu du XVIIe siècle : les pèlerins de Saint-Méen
Authors: Brilloit Jean-Christophe
Published: March 2011

Le sanctuaire breton de Saint-Méen attire une foule nombreuse dont on a une image fugitive pour 1650-1651. Ces pèlerins, qui viennent pour la plupart du nord ouest du royaume, sont plutôt d'origines rurales, car la diffusion de ce culte se fait surtout par les campagnes. Même s'ils viennent toute l'année, ces voyageurs préfèrent aller implorer Saint-Méen pour sa fête. Aussi, ils n'hésitent pas à entreprendre et parfois renouveler un long voyage. Enfin au sein de cette population plutôt jeune et masculine, bien que femmes et enfants suivent aussi, les liens établis sont variés mais sortent rarement du cadre familial et paroissial.
L'instituteur laïque, homme public et politique, dans le Maine-et-Loire de la fin du XIXe siècle
Authors: Quinton Michel
Published: March 2011

Développer l'école laïque dans le Maine-et-Loire souvent royaliste des années 1880-1900 constituait bien un acte politique. L'école de la république savait qu'elle se heurterait là à une forte opposition. Comment, dans la vie de tous les jours les instituteurs de Jules Ferry, hommes publics importants des villages angevins d'alors, purent-ils concilier l'idéal politique des instructions officielles et la nécessité de ne pas se couper totalement du milieu dans lequel ils évoluaient ? Quelle fut l'attitude de l'administration locale vis-à-vis de ces hommes condamnés à rechercher sans cesse un équilibre précaire entre l'idée et la réalité? Cet article répond à quelques-unes de ces questions.
La peinture sur verre au XIXe siècle dans la Sarthe
Authors: Brisac Catherine , Alliou Didier
Published: March 2011

Three workshops made Le Mans participate in the revival of French stained glass manufacturing in the 19th century. They are Fialex's shop, a glass painter from the "Manufacture Royale de Sèvres"; Lusson's shop, that worked with the English pattern painter Henry Gérente ; and the Carmel manufacture Eugène Hucher took over in 1875. The production of these workshops, mostly to be seen in Western France, was considerable. These shops are important to grasp the spirit of stained glass revival in France because they were able to secure the services of pattern painters from the Nazarean German or Italian schools.
Du mouchoir de Cholet au négoce mexicain : trois tentatives d'ascension sociale au temps de la révolution industrielle. (2e partie)
Authors: Chevalier Jean-Joseph
Published: March 2011

Ayant échoué dans leurs entreprises industrielles (voir n° précédent des A.B.P.O.) Aimé Vinet et les frères Delhumeau tentent de recouvrer honneur et fortune dans le commerce mexicain. Leur maison de Mexico devient rapidement le noyau d'une micro-colonie choletaise.

Agissant pour le compte de maisons parisiennes, ils écoulent au Mexique, dans des conditions locales difficiles, des marchandises diverses proches de la pacotille.

L'expérience mexicaine ne satisfait pas les espoirs financiers attendus, contribue à la dispersion du réseau familial, à l'éclatement des foyers et à l'aigreur résignée des épouses restées en France.

Les Vinet et les Delhumeau apparaissent comme des cas exemplaires de tentatives vaines d'industrialisation et d'ascension sociale au temps de la révolution industrielle.
La liberté de la boulangerie à Rennes sous le Second Empire (1ere partie)
Authors: Le brun Yvonne
Published: March 2011

A Rennes, comme dans 164 autres villes, la tradition voulait que le commerce du pain fût bien surveillé par les autorités. La libéralisation économique des années 1860 entraîna le décret du 22 juin 1863 sur la liberté de la boulangerie en France. Assez facile à appliquer pendant les années d'abondance 1863-1865, ce décret, qui inquiétait la municipalité, permit aux boulangers de s'affranchir des contraintes antérieures, sans trop majorer le prix du pain.
L'enseignement du catéchisme dans le diocèse d'Angers dans les années 1900
Authors: Marais Jean-Luc
Published: March 2011

A partir d'une enquête de 1905, l'article décrit les méthodes d'enseignement du catéchisme dans un diocèse où il est suivi par la quasi totalité des enfants. Le système existant accorde une grande place à la mémorisation. Il ne satisfait pas les pasteurs, mais sauf une minorité, ceux-ci n'envisagent pas d'autres formes d'enseignement religieux. Aussi les réformes mises en place visent à rapprocher l'apprentissage du catéchisme du système scolaire.
La liberté de la boulangerie à Rennes sous le Second Empire (2e partie)
Authors: Le brun Yvonne
Published: March 2011

Liberté de la boulangerie et « Manutention civile » à Rennes.

La liberté de la boulangerie permit, en 1864, l'ouverture à Rennes de la « Manutention civile », boulangerie-minoterie industrielle, qui allait assurer à la population, par des prix moins élevés et par le jeu de la concurrence, du pain à bon marché. Pendant les années de crise frumentaire 1866-1868, la « Manutention civile » accrut ses possibilités de fabrication et de vente au détail, participa aux secours alimentaires, et parvint à contenir la hausse des prix du pain.
Le Galicianisme et l'EMSAV entre 1850 et 1945
Authors: Castro Xavier , Juana Jesus de
Published: March 2011

The comparative history of the Galician movement and the Breton movement (Emsav) shows a number of similarities as regards their respective beginnings, evolution and environment, the influence of economie conditions, demographie and migratory movements, and the preassure from central government; hence, a similar process can be recognized for both the Galician and Breton movement.

Beginning with their common Celtic roots, their common geographical and cultural location on the Atlantic, at the "Finisterrae" of Europe, we can analyse and clarify the doctrinal fundations of the two nationalist movements, the slow process of recognizing their differences, the diverse tendencies and the different groups which have appeared throughout their history and the problems they face.
L'enseignement primaire en Maine-et-Loire de septembre 1942 à septembre 1944
Authors: Bossard Michel-Noël
Published: March 2011

Cette étude aborde la vie de l'école primaire en Maine-et-Loire de septembre 1942 à juin 1944 et donc les répercussions de la seconde guerre mondiale sur les effectifs du corps enseignant et des élèves, de la fréquentation scolaire et les réussites aux divers examens, la situation matérielle des écoles, leur inspection, l'état sanitaire des enfants, les œuvres d'assistance (colonies, aide aux prisonniers...) et la participation à la défense passive (bombardement d'Angers le 28 juin 1944), enfin les rapports entre enseignement privé et enseignement public pendant le régime de Vichy.
Transferts de population
Authors: Mathieu Jacques , Gouger Lina
Published: March 2011

Ce texte montre que, dans l'étude des mouvements migratoires de longue distance, aux XVIIe et XVIIIe siècles, les conditions familiales et les liens de parenté ont été sous-évalués, tandis que les facteurs de provenance ont été surévalués. La vérification s'appuie sur les migrants de La Rochelle vers la Nouvelle-France, et du Canada vers Détroit.
La vie de relation dans l'axe laurentien au XIXe siècle : l'exemple du lac Saint-Pierre
Authors: Courville Serge , Robert Jean-Claude , Séguin Normand
Published: March 2011

La zone riveraine du lac Saint-Pierre connaît aux XIXe siècle des transformations profondes : fin de la colonisation agricole, montée des industries rurales, urbanisation, etc. La vie de relation y est intense et abordée par des aspects structurels : population, aire de recrutement des étudiants et activités liées au fleuve. Elle est caractérisée par la diversité des mouvements et de leur géographie ; le plan d'eau y joue un rôle fondamental, non exclusivement économique.
Les inventaires après-décès : source riche pour l'étude de la culture matérielle et des genres de vie dans le Bas-Canada
Authors: Paquet Gilles , Wallot Jean-Pierre
Published: March 2011

Cette communication est fondée sur les résultats d'une étude, menée dans la longue durée, du mode de vie des fermiers du Bas-Canada et d'autres groupes sociaux, à travers l'étude des inventaires après décès qui, malgré quelques obstacles constituent au Canada une source d'une extraordinaire richesse. Les résultats appuient l'hypothèse des auteurs selon laquelle le Bas-Canada a fait l'expérience au tournant du XIXe siècle d'une restructuration économique et de la modernisation socio-économique. Ils illustrent également l'utilisation des inventaires après décès dans l'étude du crédit et de l'endettement.
Missions, Hurons et Bas-Bretons au XVIIe siècle
Authors: Croix Alain
Published: March 2011

L'article compare les méthodes missionnaires utilisées au XVIIe siècle en Bretagne et au Canada : même qualité, même recours aux langues indigènes et aux images, mise en œuvre proche. Mais, contrairement aux illusions des missionnaires, la différence de contexte culturel apparaît décisive.
Un coron du Moyen-Age, le site de Brandes-en-Oisans (Huez, Isère)
Authors: Bailly-Maître Marie-Christine
Published: March 2011

Le village minier de Brandes-en-Oisans a pris naissance, au cours des XIIIe et XIVe siècles, autour d'une exploitation de plomb argentifère à haute altitude (entre 1800 et 2700 mètres). L'étude de terrain a permis de retrouver les habitations des mineurs et les indices de leur mode de vie dans un milieu exceptionnellement inhospitalier. Les traces industrielles (déchets de métallurgie, ateliers, aménagements hydrauliques) témoignent d'une volonté d'exploiter rationnellement un métal précieux.
Le paysage métallurgique minier ancien au Sud-Est de l'Ille-et-Vilaine
Authors: Meuret Jean-Claude
Published: March 2011

En raison des ressources de son sous-sol, le sud-est de l'Ille-et-Vilaine, tout comme les régions voisines de Loire-Atlantique et du Maine-et-Loire, a connu, avant les grosses forges, une importante activité métallurgique.

La recherche de l'or filonien, sans doute dès la Proto-histoire, est attestée par les aurières des Miaules.

Mais ce sont surtout l'extraction du fer en minières à ciel ouvert et l'activité des bas-fourneaux qui ont laissé des vestiges. Quatre exemples précis permettent d'analyser l'importance qu'eut le fer dans le paysage médiéval de cette région.