bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Evaluating the performance of NSGA-II and NSGA-III on Product Line Architecture Design
Authors: Wolschick Lucas , Gonçalves Paulo Cesar , Choma Neto João , Freire Willian Marques , Amaral Aline Maria Malachini Miotto , Colanzi Thelma Elita
Published: October 2024

Product Line Architecture (PLA) design can be modeled as an optimization problem to be solved with search-based algorithms. PLA design optimization has successfully been done using the Non-Dominated Sorting Genetic Algorithm II (NSGA-II) in scenarios involving up to three objectives, which involve software metrics for properties such as feature modularization, PLA extensibility, and cohesion. As many of these properties may be desired in a PLA at the same time, more than three objectives might need to be optimized simultaneously. The Non-Dominated Sorting Genetic Algorithm III (NSGA-III) was designed to solve problems impacted by more than three objectives, named many-objective problems, so it might suit this need. However, NSGA-III has not yet been applied in the context of PLA design. In this sense, this study aims to compare the performance of NSGA-II and NSGA-III for PLA design to uncover which algorithm best fits this problem. To accomplish this goal, we implemented a specialized version of NSGA-III and then ran experiments using both algorithms to optimize eight PLAs with three, four, and five objectives. We evaluate the algorithms’ performance via quality indicators commonly used in search-based software engineering. The empirical results point out that: (i) NSGA-III had a slightly better performance than NSGA-II when optimizing four or five objectives in the context of our study; (ii) NSGA-II was the best or the algorithms tied when the PLA given as input is easier to optimize due to reduced solution space.
Guidelines for Data Engineering Documentation in a DevDocOps Approach
Authors: Oliveira Stephany Mendes , Lucrédio Daniel
Published: October 2024

The software development process has been studied since the beginning of technological evolution. Development practices have evolved, requiring processes capable of supporting intensive work, paving the way for agile methodologies. With the growing need for continuous integration (CI) and continuous deployment/delivery (CD), new data architectures have emerged, allowing for scalable, maintainable, and reusable environments, collectively known as DevOps (Development + Operations). In this context, the DevDocOps approach integrates continuous documentation into the software development lifecycle. However, little has been published regarding the benefits of this approach. To address this, an empirical study was conducted, applying findings from the literature to a real development environment by integrating continuous documentation into the data engineering development lifecycle. Based on feedback from developers and technical lead, the results highlight the importance of technical documentation in an agile development environment and demonstrate how automating this process can improve the quality and efficiency of software deliveries.
Investigating Developer Experience in Software Reuse
Authors: Gonçalves Rodrigo Feitosa , Werner Cláudia Maria Lima , Farias Claudio Miceli de
Published: October 2024

Software reuse has been recognized as a key strategy for improving productivity, reducing development costs, and enhancing software quality. However, successfully implementing software reuse practices largely depends on the developer experience (DX). This study investigates the factors, barriers, and strategies influencing DX in software reuse. Through a Rapid Review (RR), we analyzed 328 studies, selecting 10 for detailed data extraction based on defined filters and the backward snowballing technique. Our findings identify 15 factors affecting DX in software reuse, categorized into technical, organizational, and human/social factors. We also uncover 7 barriers that impede developers from improving DX and identify 13 strategies to enhance it. The results highlight the critical role of comprehensive documentation, a clear understanding of software functionality, and robust reuse-compatible infrastructure as key technical factors. Organizational support, effective resource allocation, and fostering a communication, collaboration, and self-efficacy culture are essential for successful software reuse. This study’s insights have significant implications for researchers and practitioners, offering practical guidance to develop more effective reuse practices and improve DX.
TriCache: Providing three-tier caching for time series data in serverless healthcare services
Authors: Righi Adriano Zavareze , Fischer Gabriel Souto , Righi Rodrigo da Rosa , Costa Cristiano André da , Roehrs Alex
Published: October 2024

Healthcare services and IoT, as highlighted by Hu et al. [9], generate enormous volumes of time series data. Using caching in serverless functions can significantly reduce latency and improve performance when storing frequently accessed data in memory. Although several approaches offer improvements, such as the use of in-memory caching, data prediction, and distributed systems, none of them fully addresses the need for a robust and efficient system for time series in healthcare, leaving a gap in necessary data availability and optimization. The TriCache model proposes a three-tier caching system to optimize storage and access to time series data in healthcare serverless functions, using a combination of memory in the serverless function, in-memory cache, and disk storage, in addition to predictive intelligence. The main contribution of the model is the significant reduction in latency and the improvement in the hit rate by efficiently predicting and allocating data across different cache layers. Experiments demonstrated a notable reduction in response time, with a 110 millisecond decrease in the 99th percentile. Additionally, the model performed significantly, achieving a 93% hit rate, compared to the 78% observed in the traditional model.
Anti-resorptive medications and periodontitis: critical appraisal, clinical management and ONJ risk
Authors: Barbato Luigi , Landi Luca , Discepoli Nicola , Oteri Giacomo , Carrassi Antonio , Sforza Nicola Marco , Cairo Francesco
Published: October 2024

Purpose: This manuscript critically appraised the literature on, and analyzed the clinical scenario of, osteo-metabolic patients affected by periodontitis. Methods: A brief narrative review of literature was performed. The link between periodontitis and osteoporosis, the impact of anti-resorptive (AR) medications on the treatment of periodontitis, and the risk of medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaws (MRONJ) in different clinical scenarios were discussed. Results: Data suggest a bidirectional link between periodontitis and osteoporosis. Patients affected by osteoporosis showed higher risk of periodontitis and periodontitis-induced tissue destruction. Even though treatment with AR medications has been hypothesized to reduce inflammatory periodontal bone resorption, it may not be suggested as an adjunctive intervention in the treatment of periodontitis. Four clinical scenarios were identified: patients waiting for AR treatment, patients treated with bisphosphonates for less than three years, patients treated with bisphosphonates for more than three years, and patients treated with denosumab. The risk of osteonecrosis in each of these cases is described and practical clinical recommendations are provided. Briefly, both non-surgical and surgical treatment of periodontitis may be beneficial for these patients. Conclusions: Periodontitis treatment may be safe and predictable in patients treated with AR medications, keeping the MRONJ risk very low over time. KEY WORDS: Anti-resorptive medications, bisphosphonate, periodontitis, MRONJ.
A Note on the Biological Functions and Activities of Eosinophils
Authors: Odeyinka Olufunsho Odewusi , Emmanuel Akokhamen Omon
Published: October 2024

Eosinophils are a class of white blood cells named after the ability of their cytoplasmic granules to take up the acidic part of the Romanowsky group of stains. Eosinophils are primarily produced in the bone marrow during the process of leucopoiesis—the production of white blood cells. After maturation, the white blood cell subsets with bilobed nuclei, and pinkish eosinophilic cytoplasmic granules are released into the circulation. From here, they migrate to various parts of the body. The drumstick appendage possessed by eosinophil of females is the only but striking distinguishing feature between eosinophils from both genders. Eosinophils produce various cytokines that activate other blood cells in the inflammatory response, wound healing, and hemopoiesis. The presence of eosinophils in some tissues where they do not normally reside as well as their increase in population in tissues where they can be found signify parasitic infection. This may not confirm a diagnosis but will nonetheless be a pointer toward the direction of confirming or ruling out a diagnosis. Their presence or population can also be used in assessing the severity as well as monitoring the progress of the parasitic infection.
Introductory Chapter: Cryptocurrencies as Financial Technologies of the Future
Authors: Miciuła Ireneusz
Published: October 2024

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Influence of Prompts Structure on the Perception and Enhancement of Learning through LLMs in Online Educational Contexts
Authors: Rodriguez-Donaire Silvia
Published: October 2024

This research examines how the structure of prompts impacts the perceived depth and accuracy of responses generated by generative Large Language Models (LLMs) in educational settings. It specifically investigates how prompt design influences students’ learning experiences. The study involved an experiment with 183 students enrolled in a mandatory Business Administration course at the Universitat Oberta de Catalunya (UOC). Data from the experiment were analyzed using both qualitative and quantitative methods. The results show that well-structured prompts significantly improve students’ perception of the depth and accuracy of GenAI-generated responses, leading to a more effective learning process. This underscores the crucial role of prompt design in maximizing the educational effectiveness of GenAI. The findings suggest that thoughtful prompt design can enhance educational outcomes, although the study’s limited sample size and context-specific nature may restrict the generalizability of the results. This research contributes to the field by highlighting the importance of prompt structure in harnessing GenAI tools for educational improvement.
A Theoretical Review of Eight Natural Remedies for Stress, Anxiety, and Depression Management
Authors: Quispe-Vargas Miliam , Quenta-Condori Lourdes , Cari-Mamani Yaneth
Published: October 2024

In the modern era, characterized by the omnipresence of technology and rapid globalization, mental well-being emerges as an urgent challenge. The constant flow of information and social pressure can trigger psychological disorders such as stress, anxiety, and depression. This study reviews the effectiveness of the eight natural remedies as an integral approach to addressing these challenges. From promoting a healthy diet to fostering a spiritual connection, these remedies offer a path toward emotional balance and resilience. In a world where stress is omnipresent, educating society about these practices is essential for promoting a fulfilling and satisfying life. This article presents a practical and crucial proposal to those seeking to manage their mental well-being in an increasingly complex and demanding world.
Genetic Changes, Epigenetic Modifications and Antibiotic Resistance Caused by Bacterial Infection
Authors: Hashemzadeh Mohammad , Asareh Zadegan Dezfuli Aram
Published: October 2024

Genetic elements play a crucial role in spreading recombinant strains with new traits. Bacteria share genetic elements and transfer them to one another through various means. The transferred genetic material often benefits the recipient bacteria, providing advantages such as antibiotic resistance, tolerance to foreign substances, or the ability to utilize new metabolites. This utility is essential for bacteria to thrive in different environmental conditions and in the human body. This study investigates the roles of genetic elements in both Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria.
Navigating the Dilemma of Human-Wildlife Conflict in the Selous-Niassa Ecosystem– Tanzania
Authors: Mtweve Philipo J. , Chemihanda Felician E. , Bulim Musa M. , Biseko Beevans B. , Kaberege David
Published: October 2024

The Selous-Niassa Wildlife Corridor, spanning Tanzania and Mozambique, is a critical conservation area home to a diverse array of large mammal species. This study presents a comprehensive analysis of the dynamics within the corridor, with a focus on the escalating human-wildlife conflicts that threaten both local communities and the region’s biodiversity. The findings indicate a rapid expansion of cropland, coupled with widespread deforestation and wildfires, which have significantly altered the landscape and exacerbated clashes between humans and wildlife. Crop raiding by large mammals, such as elephants and primates, has emerged as a dominant issue, resulting in substantial economic losses and food security challenges for local communities. Physical guarding remains the primary mitigation strategy, yet this approach is fraught with drawbacks, including heightened resentment toward conservation efforts and the risk of animal attacks. The time and resources invested by communities in protecting their crops detract from productive agricultural activities, further compounding the negative impacts. Addressing these complex issues will require a multifaceted approach. Enhancing community education and implementing effective compensation/consolation schemes could be crucial steps in fostering human-wildlife coexistence. Comprehensive studies to document the full range of species are also needed to gain a more holistic understanding of biodiversity dynamics.
Modern Heritage Buildings in Selected Universities in Bulacan: An Identification and Documentation for Protection
Authors: L. Estacio Dennis
Published: October 2024

The province of Bulacan is rich in historic places and heritage buildings and recognized public and private educational institutions, such as Bulacan State University (1904) and La Consolacion University Philippines (1937). This study aims to properly identify and document the university buildings built from 1945 to 1986 as modern heritage. To pursue the objective, the researcher conducted documentation procedures, archival research, and literary review. Photo documentation in assessing the current physical conditions of the buildings determined as modern heritage in selected universities. Mapping and inventory were used to gather necessary information on the modern heritage buildings relevant to the study. La Consolacion University Philippines campus in Barangay Catmon has one identified Modern Heritage Building, the Mo. Rita and Mo. Consuelo two-storey buildings, initially constructed as two identical parallel buildings as the very first structure built in early 1986, designed by local Architect Leonides Manahan. Bulacan State University, on the other hand, has a three-storey building named after Federizo, which was built in 1971 by an unknown designer. Both buildings are estimated to be 36 and 51 years old and characterized by massive concrete and steel structure with embellished massive concrete parapets.
Motor Monitoring and Analysis System (SMAM) as a Resource for Predictive Maintenance in Industrial Environments through Digital Twin and IIoT
Authors: F. dos Santos Jhennifer , M.D. Lisboa Yasmim , F.S. Barbosa Elielson , H.B. Santos Lucas , R.A. Manito Allan , O. Silva Marcelo , S. Fonseca Wellington
Published: October 2024

The Motor Monitoring and Analysis System (SMAM) was developed as a tool that can help with the predictive maintenance of electric motors through Digital Twin (DT) and the Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT). To do this, SMAM has an embedded system made up of the ESP32 microcontroller and temperature, voltage and current sensors, in which the measurements taken are stored in the Firebase web database. It is worth noting that the sensors are calibrated using the least squares and linear regression mathematical methods, as well as using the ET-5062 energy analyzer as a reference to ensure that the measurement is reliable. In addition, strong coupling simulations are carried out in the Finite Element Method Magnetics (FEMM) software, which makes it possible to visualize the magnetic flux and the internal temperature of the motor by entering the measured current data. In this way, SMAM is a promising resource for the manufacturing environment.
The Effect of Different Osteotomy Techniques on Implant Stability in Implant Socket Design
Authors: Ciğerim Levent , Dilan Orhan Zeynep
Published: October 2024

Dental implant surgery is one of the most common oral and maxillofacial surgical procedures performed today. While standard drilling protocols recommended by implant manufacturers can be used for routine cases, routine osteotomies may not be sufficient for implant stability in different bone types or in cases where the bone structure differs due to local or systemic reasons. The use of various modified osteotomy (drilling) protocols to solve such cases contributes positively to primary implant stability.
Home Care and Pharmacy in Hematopoietic Transplantation
Authors: Ruiz Boy Sonia , Fernández Avilés Francesc
Published: October 2024

Home hospitalization, and other models of outpatient care models, represents an alternative to traditional hospitalization, providing comparable clinical safety and efficacy for hematological patients. At-home therapies can range from the delivery of intravenous antibiotics to more complex scenarios such as the care during the early period after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. Early discharge from conventional hospitalization is feasible, contributing to a reduction in hospital resource utilization and waiting lists, as well as to a better quality of life and level of patient satisfaction. The coordinated efforts of multidisciplinary teams, including hematologists, nurses, and pharmacists, ensure patient safety and continuity of care. The active involvement of a clinical pharmacist in home hospitalization programs is essential, not only for the proper logistical management of the medication but also to ensure its appropriateness, optimize treatment, address queries from the team and patients, and promote adherence.
Conceptualizing Negative Peer Interactions: Models of Analyzing and Intervention
Authors: Darjan Ioana , Predescu Mihai
Published: October 2024

As humans, our most essential and desirable goals involve social interactions, connectedness, and acceptance. However, social rejection or exclusion, perceived discrimination or humiliation, and loneliness can drastically impact our psychological well-being. Negative social behaviors like bullying and mobbing can be particularly damaging and highlight certain types of abusers. Effective interventions require a deep understanding of negative peer interactions’ functions, motivations, and dynamics. This chapter examines these dimensions through a cognitive paradigm lens and the classification and characteristics of specific self-defeating behavioral patterns in the Life Space Crisis Intervention (LSCI) Model. We delve into the underlying psychological structure of both parties in a bullying situation, the different types of bullying relationships and patterns of interaction, and the primary directions for intervention.
International shipping and emissions
Authors:   Parliamentary Office of Science and Technology, Francis Haydn , Walker Alan
Published: October 2024

International shipping is widely regarded as a 'difficult-to-decarbonise' sector. However, having been included in the UK Government's sixth carbon budget, rapid reductions in emissions from this sector will be required to contribute to UK's goal of net zero greenhouse gas emissions by 2050. This POSTnote examines the options for reducing emissions from international shipping activities and outlines the regulatory landscape of the sector.
The Use of Biological Methods in Asylum Age Assessments
Authors:   Parliamentary Office of Science and Technology, Hamdoud Samir , Bunn Sarah
Published: October 2024

An overview of current age assessment processes used in the UK asylum system and an examination of new proposals to use biological methods to distinguish children from adults.
Financial risks of nature loss
Authors:   Parliamentary Office of Science and Technology, Hand Kate , Wentworth Jonathan
Published: October 2024

Nature loss poses risks to the financial sector via the businesses they invest in, lend to, advise and insure. The financial risks of nature loss are embedded within the financial systems but are little understood or addressed by financial institutions. The POSTnote will outline the current understanding of the type and scale of the financial risks of nature loss and look at potential mechanisms to improve company level reporting and mitigation of both the financial risks of nature loss, and nature loss itself.
PESTE DES PETITS RUMINANTS: CHALLENGES AND CONTROL MEASURES IN TAJIKISTAN
Authors: Dzhumaev Shю Nю
Published: October 2024

The review presents information from the OIE, FAO and veterinary services on the current epizootic situation worldwide regarding Peste des Petits Ruminants (PPR). Literature analysis shows that PPR is a serious issue for small livestock farming globally, particularly in developing countries in Africa, the Middle East, and Asia. The disease is characterized by a high mortality rate, reaching 100% in primary outbreaks and up to 50% in secondary outbreaks. The analysis indicates that the greatest threat comes from diseases registered in neighboring countries and associated with animal migration and socio-economic connections. It is also important to expand vaccination coverage in border areas where PPR outbreaks have been registered. Immunizing all livestock in these zones will significantly reduce the risk of infection introduction and protect livestock from potential epizootics
CASES OF DETECTION OF BOVINE TUBERCULOSIS IN KARAGANDA AND ULYTAU REGIONS
Authors: Borsynbayeva A. M. , Dyusenov S. M. , Orazbekov E. B. , Akzhunusova I. K. , Seitzhanova U. U. , Yesenalieva A. B.
Published: October 2024

The article presents data from our own research on the epizootic situation of tuberculosis in the Karaganda and Ulytau regions for 2021-2024. In 2024, two foci of cattle tuberculosis were identified in the Karaganda region, one of which in the Nurinsky district is the rural district of Akhmetauyly, KH "Kugabaev N." and the other in the Bukhar-Zhyrau district is the rural district of Kokpekty, LLP "Janat". Two foci of cattle tuberculosis were also identified in the Ulytau region, one of which is in the Zhana-Arkinsky district - the rural district of M. Zhumazhanov, KH "Dias" and one in the city of Karazhal - KH "Peshkovets". Based on a veterinary and sanitary examination of the carcasses and internal organs of the slaughtered animals, the diagnosis of tuberculosis was confirmed. The qualified conduct of allergic studies by animal veterinary specialists, as well as differential diagnosis of nonspecific tuberculin reactions, make it possible to accurately determine the epizootic situation of tuberculosis. Strict adherence to the instructions for the diagnosis and prevention of tuberculosis, along with the implementation of the developed veterinary and sanitary and organizational and economic measures, contributes to the improvement of the epizootic situation of tuberculosis. Ultimately, this leads to a reduction in the risk of tuberculosis among people
PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL PROPERTIES OF PRODUCTION BATCHES OF VACCINES AGAINST NEWCASTLE DISEASE FROM THE “LA SOTA” STRAIN
Authors: Voronina E. P. , Kalimolda E. Z. , Abay Zh. S. , Absatova Zh. S. , Moldagulova S. U. , Dzholdasbekova N. G. , Shorayeva K. A.
Published: October 2024

This article is devoted to the determination of physicochemical properties, such as determination of appearance, solubility, concentration of hydrogen ions (pH), mass fraction of moisture (MFM) in vaccine preparations, one of the main physicochemical quality indicators that makes it possible to assess the quality of the finished product. Its shelf life, consumer properties and safety depend on the quality level of drugs. To assess the quality, a laboratory analysis was carried out, the results of which compared the actual values with the standardized ones. The quality control of the vaccine was carried out in accordance with the standards adopted in the biological industry for the production and control against Newcastle disease from the La Sota strain. The object of the study was a live vaccine of three series, intended for the prevention of ND in breeding and commercial poultry farms, manufactured at the Research Institute of Biological Safety Problems of the Ministry of Health of the Republic of Kazakhstan. As a result of the work carried out, all values were within the acceptable limits, which complies with the requirements of ST 405-1919-04 GP-100-2019
INFECTIOUS BOVINE RHINOTRACHEITIS: A BRIEF OVERVIEW
Authors: Bulatov E. A. , Kurmasheva A. K.
Published: October 2024

Infectious bovine rhinotracheitis (IBR) is a disease of viral etiology, the causative agent of which is a member of the herpesvirus family - bovine herpesvirus type 1 (BHV-1). The infection is widespread, and only some countries have been able to obtain the status of IBR -free territories. The main negative consequences affecting the country's economy are a decrease in the reproductive and productive properties of livestock, as well as the death of the animal. Clinical symptoms of the disease are fever, cough, abortion, conjunctivitis. Sources of infection are sick cattle, in whose secretions from mucous membranes, abortive materials, and exudates DNA of BHV-1 can be detected. The virion, upon penetration into target tissues, rapidly replicates, causing lysis of infected cells. The genome of the virus encodes about 70 proteins, some of which can prevent the detection of infected cells by T cells, and the spread of infection into a latent form completely complicates the situation with IBR. Due to the fact that the virus is characterized by reactivation when the animal is under stressful conditions, continuous circulation of the pathogen among the herd is inevitable. Various commercial diagnostic tests based on serology and genetic engineering methods are used to diagnose BHV-1. In order to prevent IBR, animals are immunized with vaccines that are used in the pharmaceutical market. At the same time, research is being conducted to create new biological products that can protect cattle from disease.
THE IMPORTANCE AND ROLE OF STANDARDS IN BIOSAFETY
Authors: Mussabayeva B. B. , Dubeshko C. U. , Abdullayev E. A. , Tursunova Sh. K. , Dzhumagazieva A. B. , Seysembekova A. B. , Shukurov R. G.
Published: October 2024

Standards play an important role in biosecurity by establishing and enforcing certain requirements and regulations. They contribute to the systematization and standardization of processes and procedures aimed at preventing, detecting and responding to potential threats.Biological security is becoming increasingly relevant in the context of globalization and the development of science and technology. In a world, where threats from biological agents can range from epidemics and pandemics to bioterrorism and environmental disasters, standards play a key role in protecting society and the environment. Emergence of contagious diseases, both natural and intentional, among humans, animals and plants. Multilateral biological control regimes are required for national security and environmental protection.This article provides an overview of the regulatory framework for biosafety and biosecurity
ORTHOPOXVIRUSES: EPIDEMIOLOGY AND PREVENTION (REVIEW)
Authors: Mambetaliyev M.
Published: October 2024

This review article presents information on the epidemiology of orthopoxvirus infections worldwide, their causative agents according to the classification of the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses of the genus Orthopoxvirus, the strains used in the development and production of vaccines, the generations of vaccines that have been developed, as well as the current situation regarding orthopoxvirus infections in the Republic of Kazakhstan
Response to Carey
Authors: Kirschenheiter Timothy ,   Philosophy Documentation Center
Published: October 2024

In this paper, I consider Brandon Carey’s account of misinformation and raise two counterexamples against it. I argue that while Carey’s account is an improvement on prior accounts of misinformation, it still fails. While I am unsure how exactly to rectify this failure, I argue that a correct account of misinformation needs both a tighter connection between misinformation and its negative epistemic impacts and some limiting condition concerning the venue/context in which misinformation is presented.
Munasabah dalam Surah Al-Waqi'ah (Studi Tafsir Al-Misbah Karya M.Quraish Shihab)
Authors: Setiawan Noval , Muqtashid Zaeef Luqmanul
Published: October 2024

Munasabah dalam Al-Qur’an menjadi salah satu cabang ilmu dapat diketahui hikmah relasi antar ayat. Munasabah dalam Al-Qur’an dapat ditemukan dengan beberapa bentuk ragam dan pola yang kemudian membentuk keutuhan makna pada suatu ayat. Tafsir yang digunakan adalah Tafsir Al-Misbah, karena tafsir ini merupakan salah satu tafsir yang mengungkapkan adanya Munasabah dalam Al-Qur’an. Adapun masalah yang diangkat dalam penelitian ini adalah bagaimana Munasabah surah Al-Waqi’ah menurut M.Quraish Shihab dalam Tafsir Al-Misbah. Sedangkan tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis isi kandungan surah Al-Waqi’ah menurut M.Quraish Shihab pada Tafsir Al-Misbah dalam tinjauan ilmu Munasabah. Penelitian ini berbentuk penelitian pustaka (library research). Metode yang digunakan adalah deskriptif-analitis yang digunakan untuk menganalisis Munasabah antar ayat QS. Al-Waqi'ah dalam Tafsir Al-Misbah. Hasil penelitian ini menjelaskan bahwasanya Munasabah surah Al-Waqi'ah dalam Tafsir Al-Misbah tidak hanya menggambarkan keadaan manusia pada hari kiamat, tetapi juga mengajak pembaca untuk merenungkan perbuatan mereka di dunia. Surah ini memperkuat pemahaman bahwa rezeki dari Allah tidak terbatas pada kekayaan materi, melainkan juga mencakup anugerah spiritual dan sosial.
Analisis Linguistik Dalam Al-Qur’an Surat Al Kahfi Ayat 19 (Studi Semantik)
Authors: Masruro Lailatul , Nasiruddin Nasiruddin
Published: October 2024

Surah Al-Kahfi ayat 19 menceritakan tentang dibangunkannya mereka dari tidurnya oleh Allah SWT. Penelitian bertujuan untuk menelaah QS. Al-Kahfi ayat 19 dengan pendekatan semantik pada QS. Al-Kahfi ayat 19 mencakup makna leksikal, gramatikal, dan kontekstual dari kata-kata yang terdapat dalam ayat ini yang perlu diinterpretasikan dengan tepat dan mendalam. Penelitian ini dikaji dengan metode penelitian studi literatur guna memudahkan penelitian ini. Hasil dari penelitian ini adalah dari tujuh lafaz Q.S Al-Kahfi ayat 19 yang ditelaah, jenis makna yang digunakan oleh para mufasir adalah al-ma’na al-asasi aw al-markazi, al-ma’na al-‘idhafi, and al-ma’na al-us}lubi. Relasi makna antara lafaz-lafaz dalam al-Qur’an dengan tafsirannya terjadi dalam satu macam relasi, yaitu al-taraduf atau sinonim.
Tawazun Sebagai Prinsip Moderasi Beragama Perspektif Mufassir Moderat
Authors: Aziz Azalia Wardha , Ulya Erviana Iradah
Published: October 2024

Moderasi beragama merupakan instrumen penting bagi umat beragama dalam kehidupan sehari-hari, terutama bagi umat Islam. Namun instrumen tersebut, saat ini seringkali dilalaikan dan tidak dianggap penting. Salah satunya keseimbangan atau tawazun sebagai prinsip moderasi beragama. Urgensi tawazun juga tersirat dalam sumber utama rujukan Islam yaitu al-Qur’an. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengungkap makna keseimbangan atau tawazun dalam al-Qur’an dari penafsiran beberapa mufassir moderat terhadapnya. Mufassir moderat yang digunakan yaitu Wahbah al-Zuhaili, Buya Hamka dan M. Quraish Shihab. Beberapa ayat al-Qur’an mengenai tawazun yang dibahas dalam penelitian ini, yaitu surah al-Qas}as} (28);77 dan surah al-Rah}ma>n (55):7-9. Penelitian ini termasuk ke dalam kategori deskriptif kualitatif, dengan pendekatan tafsir maud}u>’i. Analisis tawazun terhadap penafsiran perspektif mufassir moderat menghasilkan, bahwa tawazun merupakan keseimbangan dalam urusan dunia dan akhirat. Hal tersebut berdasar pada prinsip tawazun dalam al-Qur’an, untuk mencari kebahagiaan dunia dan akhirat, berbuat baik dan jangan berbuat kerusakan di bumi serta berbuat keadilan dan seimbang. Prinsip tawazun dalam al-Qur’an juga menghadirkan beberapa unsur yang dapat diimplemantasikan dalam kehidupan beragama, yaitu menjaga keseimbangan hidup duniawi dan ukhrawi, duniawi sebagai sarana mencapai ukhrawi, pemenuhan hak kepada Allah SWT dan setiap orang, senantiasa berbuat baik dan sikap tidak berlebihan terhadap sesuatu.
Kata Kunci : Tawazun, al-Qur’an, Moderasi Beragama, Moderat
Taxonomic revision of the king cobra Ophiophagus hannah (Cantor, 1836) species complex (Reptilia: Serpentes: Elapidae), with the description of two new species
Authors: Das Indraneil , Gowri Shankar P. , Swamy Priyanka , Williams Rhiannon C. , Lalremsanga Hmar Tlawmte , Prashanth P. , Sahoo Gunanidhi , Vijayakumar S.P. , Höglund Jacob , Shanker Kartik , Dutta Sushil K. , Ganesh S.R. , Wüster Wolfgang
Published: October 2024

The taxonomy of king cobras (Ophiophagus) was reevaluated using qualitative, mensural and meristic characters, based on 148 entire and five skeletal specimens, and supported by a recent molecular phylogenetic analysis. We provide nomenclatural synopses of both the genus and species-series nomina. We restrict the concept of Ophiophagus hannah s. str. to populations from eastern Pakistan, northern and eastern India, the Andaman Islands, Indo-Burma and Indo-China, south to central Thailand. The nomen Ophiophagus bungarus (Schlegel, 1837) comb. nov. is revived for the populations inhabiting the Sunda Shelf area, including the Malay Peninsula, the Greater Sunda Islands and parts of the southern Philippines. We describe two new species, Ophiophagus kaalinga Gowri Shankar, Das & Ganesh sp. nov. endemic to the Western Ghats of south-western India and Ophiophagus salvatana Gowri Shankar, Das & Wüster sp. nov., inhabiting the island of Luzon in northern Philippines. For the purpose of nomenclatural stability, we designate a neotype for Hamadryas hannah Cantor, 1836. A dichotomous identification key to the four species recognized here is provided.
The Integration of Technology on Family Dynamics and Communication Pattern
Authors: Abdullahi Shehu Abdulkadir , Judith Okara Chibugo , Okan Onukak Wisdom
Published: October 2024

This research paper explores the multifaceted impact of technology on family dynamic patterns, focusing on how digital advancements have reshaped communication, relationships, and interactions within families. The study identifies both positive and negative influences of technology. Technology facilitates and enhances communication through social media and instant messaging, offering families the ability to connect across distances. It can reduce face-to-face interactions; lead to an increase dependence on technology usage. This research will examine the impact of technology on family communication. The study will employ a method of quantitative survey method to assess the integration of technology among different families alongside its variance across different family structures and socioeconomic statuses. The findings suggest that while technology presents challenges to traditional family dynamics, it also offers opportunities for growth and adaptation. The paper concludes with recommendations for families and policymakers to navigate the evolving digital landscape, emphasizing the need for balance and mindful usage of technology to support healthy family relationships.
The palpable dichotomy between animal cruelty laws and implementation – Is there a way forward for Indian jurisprudence?
Authors: Johari Bhavya
Published: October 2024

This article critically examines the dichotomy between India's existing animal cruelty laws and their practical implementation. It argues that the primary issue lies not in the lack of animal protection legislation but in the loopholes and inadequacies of the current laws, which often fail to hold perpetrators accountable for their actions. The article traces domestic legislation, highlighting its shortcomings in achieving the overarching goal of animal protection. It also explores the role of judicial precedents in shaping the interpretation of these laws. Despite the Supreme Court's recognition of animal rights, socio-cultural and political factors have led to judgments and ineffective jurisprudence contradictions. The article emphasizes the need to reform and restructure animal cruelty laws, addressing the shortcomings in judicial precedents to alleviate animal suffering and protect their legal rights. By adopting an animal-centric perspective, the article aims to give voice to the subaltern realm, referring to relevant legal provisions and judicial precedents, as well as comparative perspectives, throughout the analysis.
Business Feasibility Analysis of Processed Sweet Potato Products at MSME Karya Indah Bandorasa Wetan
Authors: Andini Astrid Khalda Kusuma , Nurfarizi Farhan , Purnomo Dwi
Published: October 2024

Sweet potato processing is a vital part of the local economy. In this study, the business costs incurred and feasibility of processing sweet potato product businesses in the Malaysian Small and Medium Enterprises (MSME) Karya Indah in Bandorasa Wetan are analyzed. The research is based on a census technique, namely, the MSME Karyan Wetans, which is used as the population and sample in the research. The business costs are calculated to calculate various costs associated with running a business consisting of fixed costs and variable costs. The acceptance feasibility ratio was found to be 1.455, so it is greater than 1 and is in the feasible and feasible category. This research offers practical guidance for MSMEs in assessing their operational efficiency and helps business owners make informed decisions about investment and expansion. Furthermore, it contributes to the broader understanding of sustainable business practices in the agricultural processing sector, specifically focusing on sweet potato products. Moreover, analyzing the impact of technological improvements or more efficient production methods on reducing costs and increasing productivity could provide valuable insights for enhancing business operations.
Herstatt Bank Vakası
Authors: Mirgen Çağatay
Published: October 2024

Herstatt Bank vakası, 1974 yılında Almanya’da gerçekleşen ve uluslararası finansal sistem üzerinde derin etkiler bırakan önemli bir bankacılık krizidir. Bankanın iflası, döviz işlemlerinde zaman farkından kaynaklanan takas riskini (Herstatt riski) ortaya çıkarmış ve bu olay, küresel bankacılık düzenlemelerinde önemli reformların yapılmasına yol açmıştır. Bu reformlar arasında Basel Komitesi’nin kurulması ve CLS Bank International gibi sistemlerin geliştirilmesi yer almaktadır. Herstatt Bank’ın iflası, uluslararası bankacılık sisteminin kırılganlığını ve mevcut düzenleyici çerçevelerin yetersizliğini göstermiştir. Bu vaka, küresel finansal istikrarı artırmak için uluslararası iş birliğinin önemini vurgulayan bir dönüm noktası olmuştur.
Bernie Madoff Ponzi Şeması
Authors: Özmerdivanlı Arzu
Published: October 2024

Adını Charles Ponzi’den alan Ponzi şeması, yeni yatırımcılardan elde edilen fonlarla mevcut yatırımcılara ortalamanın üzerinde getiriler ödenmesini sağlayan bir finansal hiledir. Tarihsel süreç içerisinde gerçekleşen Ponzi şemaları, 1800’lü yıllardan günümüze kadar dünyada yaygın bir şekilde uygulanmış ve yatırımcılar büyük zararlara uğramışlardır. Dünyada gerçekleşen Ponzi şemaları içerisinde, 2008 küresel krizinden sonra meydana gelen ve Bernie Madoff tarafından gerçekleştirilen Ponzi şemasının Amerikan tarihindeki en büyük Ponzi şeması olduğu belirtilmektedir. Madoff Ponzi şeması, Madoff’un yarattığı itibar ve ABD Sermaye Piyasası Kurulu’nun (USA Security Exchange Commission- SEC) yetersiz denetim çalışmaları nedeniyle uzun bir süre devam etmiş ve popülerlik kazanmıştır. Gelen şikayetlerin artmasıyla birlikte SEC tarafından yapılan soruşturmalarda deneyimsiz personelin gelişigüzel inceleme yapması Madoff Ponzi şemasının ortaya çıkmasını geciktirmiştir. Bu çalışmada Bernie Madoff Ponzi şeması analiz edilmektedir. Çalışma kapsamında Madoff Ponzi şemasının gelişimi, yatırım stratejisi ve kırmızı bayrakları incelenmiştir. Bununla birlikte çalışmada, yatırımcılara gelecekte ortaya çıkacak Ponzi şemalarına kurban gitme potansiyelini azaltmak için öneriler sunulmuş ve SEC içinde gerçekleşen reform ve değişiklikler açıklanmıştır.
Metallgesellschaft Vakası
Authors: Ergün Tolga , Ok Ergün Hilal
Published: October 2024

Finans piyasalarında yaşanan derinleşme ve küreselleşme, finansal piyasaların hacminin büyümesini ve finansal ürünlerin hızlı bir entegrasyon süreci içerisine girmesini sağlamıştır. Bu durum reel ekonomide spekülasyon ve manipülasyon konusunun çok daha ciddi ve belirgin bir şekilde anlam kazanmasına neden olmuştur. Piyasalarda yaşanan fiyat hareketleri, arz talep dengeleri ve çeşitli risk faktörleri şirketler üzerinde spekülatif ve manipülatif vakalar ortaya çıkarmaktır. Bu nedenle finansal manipülasyon vakalarının arka planında etkili olan unsurların ortaya çıkarılması etkin bir piyasanın geçerliliği açısından önem arz etmektedir. Bu bağlamda, çalışmanın temel amacı finansal manipülasyon kapsamında Metallgesellschaft vakasını detaylı bir şekilde incelemek ve vaka kapsamında manipülasyona neden olan faktörleri ortaya koymaktır. 1881’de ABD’li girişimci Wilhelm Merton tarafından Metallgesellschaft Refining and Marketing (MGRM) şirketi kurulmuş ve bu şirket 1928 yılında Metallurgische Gesellschaft şirketi ile birleşmiştir. Şirketin finansal vaka analizi neticesinde, 1993 yılında Alman Metallgesellschatf şirketinin ciddi bir şekilde likidite krizine sürüklendiği görülmektedir. Şirket tarafından gerek faiz oranlarının ihmal edilmesi, gerekse de hedge stratejisindeki aksaklıklar koruma programının uygulanmasını gerekli kılmıştır. Ancak finansal açıdan uygulamaya konulan koruma programının yanlış sürdürülmesi, şirketin krize girmesinin ve piyasada oluşan spekülasyonun temel nedeni olarak görülmektedir. Bu süreçte şirketi kurtarmak için bazı bankaların bir araya gelerek oluşturdukları konsorsiyum tarafından şirkete önemli düzeyde likidite verilmiş ve böylelikle şirket faaliyetlerinin devamı sağlanmıştır.
Volkswagen Dizel Araçlarda Emisyon Vakası ve Yeşil Aklama
Authors: Keskin Meltem
Published: October 2024

Volkswagen (VW) emisyon skandalı, 18 Eylül 2015 tarihinde ortaya çıkmıştır. Dünya genelinde VW, dizel arabalarda test sırasında emisyon değerlerini azaltabilmek amacı ile dizel motorlarında  “sahte yazılım” yerleştirerek çevre kirliliği, kamu sağlığı ve hukuku yok saymıştır. Bu manipülasyonun ilk olarak Amerika Birleşik Devletleri’nde ortaya çıkması ile birlikte VW şirketinin hisse senedi fiyatları 2 hafta içinde %35 oranında düşmüştür. Bu ani değer kayıplarının yanı sıra Almanya'da VW aleyhine büyük maddi ölçekli tazminat davaları açılmıştır. Ayrıca dünya çapında VW dizel araç sahipleri de, haklarının korunması konusunda davalar açmışlardır. VW’nin tüm bu olumsuzluklardan kurtulup yeniden itibarını sağlayıp sağlayamayacağı tartışılırken, 2017 yılında şirket krizi iyi yöneterek tekrar dünyanın büyük otomobil üreticileri arasında yer almayı başarmıştır. Umulmadık bu artış, kimileri için skandalın sona erdiğinin kanıtı sayılmasına rağmen, göstergeler VW’nin bu olaydan henüz tam olarak aklanmadığına ve skandal kaynaklı bazı sorunların varlığına işaret etmektedir. Bu çalışmada, VW emisyon skandalı ile ortaya çıkan kriz süresince yayınlanan belgeler incelenmiş olup VW şirketinin/yatırımcıların olaydan nasıl etkilendikleri ve bu krizden çıkarılacak sonuçlar değerlendirilmiştir.
Barings Bankası
Authors: Yıldırım Kutbay Ayşegül
Published: October 2024

Bu çalışma Barings Bank’ın iflasına yol açan olayları, hatalı kararları ve eksiklerini analiz ederek bankacılık denetleme sistemlerinde yapılan düzenlemeleri nasıl şekillendirdiğini ortaya koymayı amaçlamaktadır. Barings Bank, 1890 ve 1995 krizleri ile bankacılık tarihindeki yerini almıştır.  1890 krizinde Barings Bank, Londra'da likidite sorunları yaşamıştır. Bunun temel sebebi de Arjantin'e yaptığı yoğun yatırımlardır. Bu krizin Londra’daki finans kurumlarını etkilemesinden korkulduğu için Barings Bank’ın likidite açığının kapatılması gerekiyordu. Bu açığın kapanması için Barings Bank, Amerikan Menkul Kıymetler Borsası’nda sahip olduğu tahvilleri satmaya zorlandı. Bu satışlar fiyatların düşmesine ve ardından bankaların iflasına yol açan küresel bir domino etkisi oluşturmuştur. Bu krizden 105 yıl sonra Barings Bank, 1995 krizinde bankanın iflasına yol açacak bir krize daha yol açmıştır. Bu krizde türev araçlara olan yatırımların denetlenmemesi, hatalı kararlar alınması ve muhasebe manipülasyonları krizin tetikleyicileri olarak sayılabilir. Bu kriz her ne kadar Avrupa bankalarını etkilemese de Japon borsasını etkilemiştir. 1995 krizi 1980 krizi gibi bir domino etkisi oluşturmamıştır. Her iki bankacılık krizi de yeni düzenleme ve denetim standartları geliştirilmesinde etkili olmuştur.
Öncesi ve Sonrasıyla Polly Peck Vakası
Authors: Çelikkol Mediha Mine
Published: October 2024

Polly Peck, 2019 yılında fesh edildiği güne kadar İngiltere’de bir iş imparatorluğu ve finansal skandalın merkezinde olan bir şirket olarak varlığını sürdürmüştür. 17 Aralık 1990’da Asil Nadir’in tutuklanması ile başlayan ve 22 Ağustos 2012’de hapis cezası alması ile sonuçlanan Polly Peck davası, kurumsal tarihte kurumsal yönetişimin, yasal çerçevelerin ve ekonomik etkilerin karmaşıklığını gösteren önemli bir olaydır. Bu çalışma, 1990 yılında patlak veren kurumsal skandal ile eş anlamlı hale gelen bir şirket olan Polly Peck International'ın (PPI) yükselişini ve düşüşünü incelemektedir. Skandal; borsa başarısı altına gizlenmiş, yöneticinin etik eksikliğinin zayıf kurumsal yapı içerisindeki etkilerini ortaya sermiş ve gelecek günler için kurumsal yönetim alanında değerli bir ders olmuştur. Polly Peck skandalı gibi finansal skandallar sadece bir şirketin iflası ve kredi verenler, yatırımcılar gibi paydaşlarının sermayelerini kaybetmeleri durumu değildir. Etkileri toplumsal olduğu kadar genel ekonomik ortama da yansımış ve kamu otoritelerinin yeni düzenlemeler yapmasına sebep olmuştur.
WorldCom Skandalı
Authors: Yerdelen Kaygın Ceyda
Published: October 2024

Dünya çapında sürdürülebilir finansal sistemin oluşturulması; şirketlerin muhasebe kurallarını uygulaması ve finansal tablo dolandırıcılığının önüne geçilmesiyle sağlanabilir. Finansal tabloların güvenilirliği, şeffaflığı ve tekdüzeliği sadece şirketlerin finansal performanslarının belirlenmesi için değil aynı zamanda şirketler ile ilgili karar verme süreçlerinde finansal bilgi kullanıcıları için de oldukça önemlidir. Finansal tablolarda yer alan rakamlar manipüle edilerek; menkul kıymetlerin aşırı fiyatlandırılması, şirketlerin aşırı borçlanması, şirketlerin iflastan kaçınması, şirketlerin düşük faizli borç almaları, yöneticilerin suni performans artışları, yöneticilerin ikramiye ve terfi almaları gibi başlangıçta olumlu durumların oluşturulması mümkündür. Ancak şirketlerin finansal tablo dolandırıcılığının ortaya çıkmasıyla birlikte söz konusu olumlu durumlar tersine dönmektedir.
WorldCom skandalı; şirketlerin finansal tablolarının güvenilirliğinde şeffaflığın önemini vurgulayan ve finansal tablo dolandırıcılığını konu alan araştırmalar için sağlam bir zemin oluşturmaktadır. Bu nedenle çalışmada, Worldcom skandalı ile ilgili literatür taraması yapılarak skandalın değerlendirilmesi amaçlanmıştır. Yapılan çalışmada; şirketin tarihçesi, skandalın ortaya çıkışı ve etkileri ile skandala yönelik alınan önemler ayrıntılı olarak ele alınarak incelenmiştir.
Bir telekomünikasyon şirketi olan WorldCom’un iflası, şirketlerin finansal raporlama sürecinin güvenilirliği konusunda endişeler oluşturmasının yanı sıra finansal raporlama sürecinde yöneticiler, denetçiler, düzenleyiciler ve analistlerin süreç içerisindeki rollerine de dikkat çekmektedir.