bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Factors associated with pressure ulcer and dehydration in long-term care settings in Ontario, Canada
Authors: Crea-Arsenio Mary , Baumann Andrea , Antonipillai Valentina , Akhtar-Danesh Noori
Published: January 2024

Pressure ulcers and dehydration are common conditions among residents of long-term care facilities that result in negative health effects. They have been associated with signs of neglect and increased 30-day mortality among LTC residents. However, they are both preventable and with proper care can be effectively managed and treated. We conducted a retrospective cohort study to examine factors associated with pressure ulcers and dehydration among long-term care residents in the province of Ontario, Canada. Results indicated that close to one-fifth of residents were dehydrated (17.3%) or had a pressure ulcer (18.9%) during the study period. Advanced age was significantly associated with the presence of pressure ulcers and dehydration for both men and women. However, men were more likely to present with a pressure ulcer while women were more likely to exhibit symptoms of dehydration. Study findings also demonstrate the presence of both conditions being higher in municipal and not-for-profit homes compared to for-profit homes. The significant differences observed in relation to home ownership which require further investigation to identify the most relevant factors in explaining these differences. Overall, pressure ulcers and dehydration are preventable conditions that warrant attention from policymakers to ensure quality of care and resident safety are prioritized.
The significance of parental mentalizing for four-year-old children’s solitary pretend play
Authors: Smith-Nielsen Johanne , Stuart Anne Christine , Wendelboe Katrine Isabella , Egmose Ida , Roos Camilla Overbye , Væver Mette Skovgaard
Published: January 2024

Background

Pretend play is a signature behavior of early childhood and is considered to reflect the child’s emerging symbolic function, enabling the interpretation of social signals, language development, and emotion understanding. While theory links parental mentalizing with children’s pretend play, only a few studies have investigated this association. These studies are limited to infancy and early toddlerhood, and child pretend play is assessed during play with an adult (social play). Based on the assumption that child solitary pretend play reflects the child’s ‘baseline’ pretend play ability, in this study, we investigated children’s pretend play at its peak, i.e., during the preschool age, without the facilitation of another player. The overall objective was to investigate if parental mentalizing increases pretend play complexity in children.

Methods

The sample consisted 99 Danish mothers and their 4-year-old children. Employing a cross-sectional design, we hypothesized that parental mental state language, as an indicator of ‘online’ mentalizing during interaction with the child, is a mechanism through which ‘offline’ mentalizing, measured as parental reflective functioning, is associated with child solitary pretend play. Child pretend play complexity was observed and coded with an adapted version of the 12-Step Play Scale. Maternal offline mentalizing was assessed with the Parental Reflective Functioning Questionnaire, and maternal online mentalizing was assessed by coding the mothers’ mental state language during interaction with the child using a modified version of the mind-mindedness coding scheme.

Results

While there was no direct effect of maternal offline reflective functioning on child pretend play, online mental state language mediated the link between offline maternal reflective functioning and child pretend play.

Conclusions

These results provide support for the theoretically assumed link between parental mentalizing and children’s capacity for pretend play. Furthermore, our study contributes to the literature on parental mentalization, suggesting that parental mentalizing facilitates child development only if the parent can translate this ability into ’mentalizing in action’.
Performance comparison of stress hyperglycemia ratio for predicting fatal outcomes in patients with thrombolyzed acute ischemic stroke
Authors: Krongsut Sarawut , Kaewkrasaesin Chatchon
Published: January 2024

Background

The stress hyperglycemia ratio (SHR), a newly developed metric, is used to assess adverse outcomes in patients with acute ischemic stroke (AIS). However, the relationship between SHR and fatal outcomes (in-hospital mortality [IHM], malignant cerebral edema [MCE], symptomatic intracerebral hemorrhage [sICH], 3-month mortality, and poor functional outcome) in AIS patients receiving recombinant tissue plasminogen activator (rt-PA) treatment is unclear, and determining the optimal threshold remains incomplete.

Materials and methods

We retrospectively enrolled a total of 345 AIS patients treated with rt-PA during 2015–2022 and collected data on various glucose metrics, including different types of SHR, glycemic gap (GG), random plasma glucose (RPG), fasting plasma glucose (FPG), and hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c). SHR and GG were calculated using these equations: SHR1, [FPG]/[HbA1c]; SHR2, [admission RPG]/[HbA1c]; SHR3, FPG/[(1.59 × HbA1c)−2.59]; SHR4, [admission RPG]/[(1.59 × HbA1c)−2.59]; GG, admission RPG − [(1.59 × HbA1c)−2.59]. We used multivariable logistic regression analysis (MVLR) to identify the association between different glucose metrics and outcomes while comparing their predictive values.

Results

SHR1 had the greatest predictive power and a more significant correlation with fatal outcomes than other continuous glucose metrics. The area under the curve of the SHR1 for IHM, MCE, and sICH, 3-month mortality, and poor functional outcome were 0.75, 0.77, 0.77, 0.76, and 0.73, respectively. SHR1 (per 1-point increases) was independently associated with IHM (Odds ratios [ORs] = 5.80; 95% CI [1.96, 17.17]; p = 0.001), MCE (ORs = 4.73; 95% CI [1.71, 13.04]; p = 0.003), sICH (ORs = 4.68, 95% CI [1.48–14.82]; p = 0.009), 3-month mortality (ORs = 10.87; 95% CI [3.56, 33.21]; p<0.001), and 3-month poor functional outcome (ORs = 8.05; 95% CI [2.77, 23.39]; p<0.001) after adjustment in MVLR. In subgroup analysis, elevated SHR1 was associated with fatal outcomes in patients with non-diabetes, SBP≥ 180 mmHg, and NIHSS <16.

Conclusion

SHR1 demonstrates an independent association with fatal outcomes in AIS patients treated with rt-PA, exhibiting superior predictive ability over other glucose metrics.
Chick chorioallantoic membrane: a valuable 3D in vivo model for screening nanoformulations for tumor antiangiogenic therapeutics
Authors: Senrung Anna , Tripathi Tanya , Janjua Divya , Yadav Sunita Kumari , Chhokar Arun , Aggarwal Nikita , Yadav Joni , Chaudhary Apoorva , Joshi Udit , Sethi Pallavi , Bharti Alok Chandra
Published: January 2024

Drug discovery is an extensive process. From identifying lead compounds to approval for clinical application, it goes through a sequence of labor-intensive in vitro, in vivo preclinical screening and clinical trials. Among thousands of drugs screened only a few get approval for clinical trials. Furthermore, these approved drugs are often discontinued due to systemic toxicity and comorbidity at clinically administered dosages. To overcome these limitations, nanoformulations have emerged as the most sought-after strategy to safely and effectively deliver drugs within tumors at therapeutic concentrations. Most importantly, the employment of suitably variable preclinical models is considered highly critical for the therapeutic evaluation of candidate drugs or their formulations. A review of literature from the past 10 years on antiangiogenic nanoformulations shows the employment of limited types of preclinical models mainly the 2-dimensional (2D) monolayer cell culture and murine models as the mainstay for drug uptake, toxicity and efficiency studies. To top it all, murine models are highly expensive, time-consuming and require expertise in handling them. The current review highlights the utilization of the age-old chicken chorioallantoic membrane (CAM), a well-defined angiogenic model in the investigation of antiangiogenic compounds and nanoformulations in an economic framework. For practical applicability, we have evaluated the CAM model to demonstrate the screening of antiangiogenic compounds and that tumor cells can be implanted onto developing CAM for growing xenografts by recruiting host endothelial and other cellular components. In addition, the exploitation of CAM tumor xenograft models for the evaluation of nanoparticle distribution has also been reinforced by demonstrating that intravenously administered iron oxide nanoparticles (IONPs) passively accumulate and exhibit intracellular as well as extracellular compartment accumulation in highly vascular xenografts. Finally, the ethical considerations, benefits, and drawbacks, of using CAM as an experimental model for testing potential therapeutics are also highlighted.
Characterization of Degradation Products of Selpercatinib by Mass Spectrometry: Optimization of Stability-Indicating HPLC Method for Separation and Quantification of Process Related Impurities of Selpercatinib
Authors: Katta Srinivasa Rao , Thakre Gajanand
Published: January 2024

The study aimed to investigate a novel approach by utilizing liquid chromatography in coupled with mass spectrometry (LC-MS) to resolve, analyze and characterize significantly less quantity of stress degradation products (DPs) of selpercatinib along with its process related impurities. The analytes resolved on ZORBAX Eclipse (250 mm) stationary phase that was maintained employing 0.5 M sodium perchlorate at pH 5.4 methanol and acetonitrile in 50:20:30 (v/v) pumped at 0.8 mL/min isocratic flow and 241 nm wavelength. The method produces very high correlate linear curve in 30-240 μg/mL for selpercatinib and 0.03-0.24 μg/mL for its impurities with significantly low detection limit of 0.01 μg/mL for impurities. Selpercatinib pure compound was subjected to stress studies and chromatographic results confirm the formation of four DPs, which were characterized with the interpretation of their mass fragmentation pattern. The DPs were identified as 6-hydroxy-4-(6-(6-((6-methoxypyridin3-yl)methyl)-3,6-diazabicyclo[3.1.1]heptan-3-yl)pyridin-3-yl)pyrazolo[1,5-a]pyridine-3-carbonitrile (DP 1), 6′-(6-((6-methoxypyridin-3-yl)methyl)-3,6-diazabicyclo[3.1.1]heptan-3-yl)-1,2-dihydro-[3,3′-bipyridin]-5-ol (DP 2), (6-hydroxy-4-(6-(6-(pyridin-3-ylmethyl)-3,6-diazabicyclo[3.1.1]heptan-3-yl)pyridin-3-yl)pyrazolo[1,5-a]pyridine-3-carbonitrile (DP 3), 1-amino-6′-(6-((6-methoxypyridin-3-yl)methyl)-3,6-diazabicyclo[3.1.1]heptan-3-yl)-1,2-dihydro-[3,3′-bipyridin]-5-ol (DP 4), 6-(2-hydroxy-2-methyl-propoxy)-4-(6-(3-methylpiperazin-1-yl)pyridin-3-yl)pyrazolo[1,5-a]pyridine-3-carbonitrile (DP 5) and 6-(2-hydroxy-2-methyl-propoxy)-4-(6-(3-methylpiperazin-1-yl)pyridin-3-yl)pyrazolo[1,5-a]pyridine-3-carbonitrile (DP 6). Based on findings, it was concluded that this method was effectively applied for the regular quantification of impurities of selpercatinib in formulations. Additionally, it demonstrated applicability for the identification of both known and unknown impurities of selpercatinib.
Dielectric and Conductive Characteristics of Polyaniline Coated Short Nylon Fiber Chloroprene Rubber Composites: A Comprehensive Study on Frequency, Temperature and Loading Dependencies
Authors: Chandran A Saritha
Published: January 2024

In delving into the realm of conducting polymer composites (CPCs), specifically focusing on polyaniline (PANI), polyaniline coatedshort fibers of nylon (PANI-N) and chloroprene rubber (CR), this study takes an exploratory journey. Blending PANI/PANI-N/CR andPANI/CR CPCs mechanically, while adding short nylon fibers significantly improves their mechanical strength. These strong and  durable CPCs possess significant promise for a wide range of applications in various devices. Present research methodically probes the  dielectric features of CR, PANI/CR and PANI/PANI-N/CR composites across a frequency range of 0.1 to 8 MHz and a temperature span  of 303 to 393 K. The results highlight potential correlations between mechanical properties and dielectric behaviour, paving the way for tailored approaches in developing high-performance conducting polymer composites for advanced applications. The study also utilizes  theoretical equations and mixing models, which ensures a rigorous validation process that enhances accuracy.
Synthesis of Unusually Substituted 2,4,5-Trimethoxy 3,5-Diaryl Isoxazoles from Natural Precursor: Antimicrobial and Anticancer Activities
Authors: Ravindra M.V. , Suvarna S. , Ananda Kumar C.S.
Published: January 2024

In this work, 2,4,5-trimethoxy substituted 3,5-diaryl isoxazoles were synthesized via their chalcone intermediates and evaluated for antimicrobial and anticancer activities. The natural precursor 2,4,5-trimethoxy benzaldehyde (asaronaldehyde) was obtained from oxidation of β-asarone (Acorus calamus oil) and then reacted with substituted acetophenones via Claisen-Schmidt condensation yielded 2,4,5-trimethoxy substituted chalcones. These chalcones on further treatment with hydroxylamine in presence of sodium acetate and acetic acid cyclizes to give the corresponding 3,5-diaryl isoxazoles yields ranging from 65-80%. Structures were confirmed by IR, GC-MS, 1H NMR and 13C NMR. Synthesized compounds were screened for their antimicrobial activity against bacteria and fungi. The para-substituted isoxazoles (5b, 5c and 5d) exhibited good activity against Gram-negative (Escherichia coli) and (Pseudomonas aeruginosa) and Gram-positive (Bacillus subtilis) and Bacillus licheniformis bacteria and fungi (Phytophthora capsici, Sclerotirum rolfsii, Aspergillus niger and Alternaria alternate). Further, these novel analogues were evaluated for their in vitro anticancer activity against three human tumor cell lines (MCF-7, SW-982 and HeLa) using MTT assay. The anticancer results revealed that phenyl ring at C-3 position bearing electron donor groups in the para-position and 2,4,5-trimethoxy substitutent of the phenyl ring at C-5 position isoxazole showed better inhibitory activity (5b, 5c and 5d). Among synthesized isoxazoles due to the hyper conjugative effect, 2,4,5-trimethoxy 3,5-diaryl isoxazole (5g) having 3-triflouromethyl substitution showed good antimicrobial and higher inhibitory IC50 values 8.56 ± 0.32, 12.16 ± 0.86 and 10.16 ± 0.68 μg/mL (p < 0.05) respectively, when compared to natural precursor β-asarone.
Quantitative Analysis of the Effect of Stereotactic Radiosurgery for Postoperative Residual Cervical Dumbbell Tumors: A Multicenter Retrospective Cohort Study
Authors: Lee Sang Hyub , Jang Sun Woo , Shin Hong Kyung , Kim Jeoung Hee , Park Danbi , Ha Chang-Min , Lee Sun-Ho , Kang Dong Ho , Cho Young Hyun , Jeon Sang Ryong , Roh Sung Woo , Park Jin Hoon
Published: January 2024

Objective: Stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) has been performed for spinal tumors. However, the quantitative effect of SRS on postoperative residual cervical dumbbell tumors remains unknown. This study aimed to quantitatively evaluate the efficacy of SRS for treating postoperative residual cervical dumbbell tumors.Methods: We retrospectively reviewed cases of postoperative residual cervical dumbbell tumors from 1995 to 2020 in 2 tertiary institutions. Residual tumors underwent SRS (SRS group) or were observed with clinical and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) follow-up (observation group). Tumor regrowth rates were compared between the SRS and observation groups. Additionally, risk factors for tumor regrowth were analyzed.Results: A total of 28 cervical dumbbell tumors were incompletely resected. Eight patients were in the SRS group, and 20 in the observation group. The mean regrowth rate was not significantly lower (p = 0.784) in the SRS group (0.18 ± 0.29 mm/mo) than in the observation group (0.33 ± 0.40 mm/mo). In the multivariable Cox regression analysis, SRS was not a significant variable (hazard ratio [HR], 0.57; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.18–1.79; p = 0.336).Conclusion: SRS did not significantly decrease the tumor regrowth rate in our study. We believe that achieving maximal resection during the initial operation is more important than postoperative adjuvant SRS.
Comparing Outcomes of Banana-Shaped and Straight Cages in Transforaminal Lumbar Interbody Fusion for Lumbar Degenerative Diseases: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Lin Guang-Xun , He Li-Ru , Nan Jin-Niang , Xu Wen-Bin , Xiao Keyi , Que Zhiqiang , Jhang Shang-Wun , Chen Chien-Min , Zhu Ming-Tao , Rui Gang
Published: January 2024

Objective: This meta-analysis aims to refine the understanding of the optimal choice between different cage shapes in transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion (TLIF) by systematically comparing perioperative data, radiological outcomes, clinical results, and complications associated with banana-shaped and straight bullet cages.Methods: A meticulous literature search encompassing PubMed, Embase, Scopus, Web of Science, China Knowledge Network, and Wanfang Data was executed up to October 5, 2023. Inclusion criteria focused on studies comparing banana-shaped and straight bullet cages in TLIF. The quality of included studies was assessed using appropriate tools such as the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS) for nonrandomized studies. Rigorous evaluations were performed for radiographic outcomes, including disc height (DH), segmental lordosis (SL), lumbar lordosis (LL), subsidence, and fusion rates. Clinical outcomes were meticulously evaluated using visual analogue scale (VAS), Oswestry Disability Index (ODI), and complications.Results: The analysis incorporated 7 studies, involving 573 patients (297 with banana-shaped cages, 276 with straight cages), all with NOS ratings exceeding 5 stars. No statistically significant differences were observed in operative time, blood loss, or hospitalization between the 2 cage shapes. Banana-shaped cages exhibited greater changes in DH (p = 0.001), SL (p = 0.02), and LL (p = 0.01). Despite statistically higher changes in ODI for straight cages (26.33, p < 0.0001), the actual value remained similar to banana-shaped cages (26.15). Both cage types demonstrated similar efficacy in VAS, complication rates, subsidence, and fusion rates.Conclusion: Although banana-shaped cages can excel in restoring DH, SL, and LL, straight bullet cages can provide comparable functional improvements, pain relief, and complication rates.
A Biomechanical Comparison of 2 Different Topping-off Devices and Their Influence on the Sacroiliac Joint Following Lumbosacral Fusion Surgery
Authors: Fan Wei , Yang Song , Chen Jie , Guo Li-Xin , Zhang Ming
Published: January 2024

Objective: Interspinous spacer (ISS)-based and pedicle screw-rod dynamic fixator (PDF)-based topping-off devices have been applied in lumbar/lumbosacral fusion surgeries for preventing the development of proximal adjacent segment degeneration. However, little attention has been paid to sacroiliac joint (SIJ), which belongs to the adjacent joints. Accordingly, the objective of this study was to compare how these 2 topping-off devices affect the SIJ biomechanics.Methods: A validated, normal finite-element lumbopelvic model (L3–pelvis) was initially adjusted to simulate interbody fusion with rigid fixation at the L5–S1 level, and then the DIAM or BioFlex system was instrumented at the L4–5 level to establish the ISS-based or PDF-based topping-off model, respectively. All the developed models were loaded with moments of 4 physiological motions using hybrid loading protocol.Results: Compared with the rigid fusion model (without topping-off devices), range of motion and von-Mises stress at the SIJs were increased by 23.1%–64.1% and 23.6%–62.8%, respectively, for the ISS-based model and by 51.2%–126.7% and 50.4%–108.7%, respectively, for the PDF-based model.Conclusion: The obtained results suggest that the PDF-based topping-off device leads to higher increments in SIJ motion and stress than ISS-based topping-off device following lumbosacral fusion, implying topping-off technique could be linked to an increased risk of SIJ degeneration, especially when using PDF-based device.
A Retrospective Study of the Effect of Spinopelvic Parameters on Fatty Infiltration in Paraspinal Muscles in Patients With Lumbar Spondylolisthesis
Authors: Yang Jia-Chen , Chen Jia-Yu , Ding Yin , Yin Yong-Jie , Huang Zhi-Ping , Wu Xiu-Hua , Huang Zu-Cheng , Li Yi-Kai , Zhu Qing-An
Published: January 2024

Objective: The effect on fat infiltration (FI) of paraspinal muscles in degenerative lumbar spinal diseases has been demonstrated except for spinopelvic parameters. The present study is to identify the effect of spinopelvic parameters on FI of paraspinal muscle (PSM) and psoas major muscle (PMM) in patients with degenerative lumbar spondylolisthesis.Methods: A single-center, retrospective cross-sectional study of 160 patients with degenerative lumbar spondylolisthesis (DLS) and lumbar stenosis (LSS) who had lateral full-spine x-ray and lumbar spine magnetic resonance imaging was conducted. PSM and PMM FIs were defined as the ratio of fat to its muscle cross-sectional area. The FIs were compared among patients with different pelvic tilt (PT) and pelvic incidence (PI), respectively.Results: The PSM FI correlated significantly with pelvic parameters in DLS patients, but not in LSS patients. The PSM FI in pelvic retroversion (PT > 25°) was 0.54 ± 0.13, which was significantly higher in DLS patients than in normal pelvis (0.41 ± 0.14) and pelvic anteversion (PT < 5°) (0.34 ± 0.12). The PSM FI of DLS patients with large PI ( > 60°) was 0.50 ± 0.13, which was higher than those with small ( < 45°) and normal PI (0.37 ± 0.11 and 0.36 ± 0.13). However, the PSM FI of LSS patients didn’t change significantly with PT or PI. Moreover, the PMM FI was about 0.10–0.15, which was significantly lower than the PSM FI, and changed with PT and PI in a similar way of PSM FI with much less in magnitude.Conclusion: FI of the PSMs increased with greater pelvic retroversion or larger pelvic incidence in DLS patients, but not in LSS patients.
possível fuleragem pictórica
Authors: Soato Camila
Published: January 2024

O presente ensaio visual trata dos caminhos e processos criativos percorridos por mim na realização das minhas produções poéticas. Esse texto é uma mistura de ficção, memórias, investigações teóricas e poéticas. Aborda trabalhos poéticos que mesclam o contexto presente às lembranças de infância, como um ponto de partida. Trabalhos que refletem sobre o desejo de deflagrar a invisibilidade imposta ao sujeito com o qual me identifico através da pinturas e, por isso, aponta para um olhar feminista no desenvolvimento tanto do trabalho prático como teórico.
Varonilidade
Authors: Saraiva Teresa
Published: January 2024

O ensaio visual ora apresentado, é criado a partir de estímulo provocado por desenhos de pessoas significativas, realizados pelo artista, que geram assemblages, como que um complemento, consideração dos primeiros. Neste caso em questão, a tez máscula, produz sua socialmente tida contraposição, a sensibilidade, fragilidade, delicadeza.

As assemblages são constituídas por terra, elementos orgânicos, frutos, folhas, flores secas, com texturas e colorações diversas, direções, pontuações que imprimem um percurso ao olhar.
Peace Journalism in the Kanjuruhan Tragedy
Authors: Rosalina Indah Fajar
Published: January 2024

This research focuses on answering the question of how Metro TV and TVOne implemented peaceful journalism in the Kanjuruhan Stadium tragedy in October 2022. The incident, which killed 135 people and injured 583 people, then developed as a conflict between the police, match organizers, and football supporters, especially Aremania. In the news, conflict issues are always an exciting topic to discuss. Events that contain conflict naturally attract people and have more sales potential than mediocre events. Therefore, researchers are interested in examining how conflict is framed by the media, especially TV, from a Peace Journalism perspective. Using Descriptive Qualitative Research Methods with framing analysis Robert N. Entman 1) Define Problem, 2) Diagnose Causes, 3) Make a Moral Judgment (moral decision maker), 4) Treatment Recommendation (Problem-Solving) and the concept of peace journalism, namely orientation to truth, society, peace, and problem-solving. The results of this research indicate that from the four framing analysis units and the concept of peace journalism, it can be seen that TVOne has implemented three of the four fundamental concepts of peace journalism, namely oriented toward peace, society, and conflict resolution efforts. This is marked by highlighting issues that focus on victims and losses of conflict and providing space to talk to each figure in the conflict. Meanwhile, Metro TV, of the four components of peaceful journalism analysis, only 1 focuses on efforts to implement peaceful journalism, namely problem solving. Metro TV focuses more on efforts to find the cause of the conflict and resolve the conflict by blaming one particular party but does not focus on the deep sorrow of the victims.
The Role of the Regional Indonesian Broadcasting Commission in Improving the Quality of Local Religious Broadcasts
Authors: Khadafi Muammar
Published: January 2024

This research examines the participation and activities carried out by the Yogyakarta Province Regional Indonesian Broadcasting Commission (KPID) to improve the quality of broadcasting of religious shows as local broadcasts. KPID Yogyakarta Province is a supervisory body and takes action if broadcasting institutions do not comply with broadcasting regulations. As a state regulatory body with authority at the local level to improve broadcast quality, KPID Yogyakarta Province can take action if violations are found regarding broadcasts presented by broadcasting institutions. Using a qualitative approach with the application of descriptive analysis techniques, this research uses the theory of role aspects according to Biddle and Thomas in the form of Expectation, Norm, Performance, Evaluation, and Sanction. The results of this research produced several findings. First, in the expectation aspect, KPID Yogyakarta Province hopes that religious shows can become events that are popular and needed by the public. Second, regarding the Norm aspect, KPID Yogyakarta Province uses the 2002 Broadcasting Law No. 32, Broadcasting Behavior Guidelines / Broadcast Program Standards (P3/SPS), and 2016 Regional Regulation No. 13 concerning Broadcasting Operations as a valid guideline for improving the quality of local broadcasts on religious broadcasts. Third, in terms of performance, KPID Yogyakarta is involved in intense activities with local television stations, the government, and the community. Fourth, in the Evaluation and Sanction aspect, Yogyakarta Province KPID follows up on indications of violations and gives several award categories in the form of the best Religion and Belief Broadcasts every year to broadcasting institutions that have complied with broadcasting regulations.
Comparison of Perioperative and Postoperative Outcomes Among 3 Left Atrial Incisions: Conventional Direct, Transseptal, and Superior Septal Left Atriotomy
Authors: Démoulin Estelle , Adamopoulos Dionysios , Sologashvili Tornike , van Steenberghe Mathieu , Jolou Jalal , Burri Haran , Huber Christoph , Cikirikcioglu Mustafa
Published: January 2024

Background:

Achieving optimal exposure of the mitral valve during surgical intervention poses a significant challenge. This study aimed to compare perioperative and postoperative outcomes associated with 3 left atriotomy techniques in mitral valve surgery—the conventional direct, transseptal, and superior septal approaches—and assess differences during the surgical procedure and the postoperative period.

Methods:

Inclusion criteria were patients undergoing mitral valve surgery from January 2010 to December 2020, categorized into 3 cohorts: group 1 (conventional direct; n = 115), group 2 (transseptal; n = 33), and group 3 (superior septal; n = 59). To bolster sample size, the study included patients undergoing mitral valve surgery independently or in conjunction with other procedures (eg, coronary artery bypass grafting, aortictricuspid surgery, or maze procedure).

Results:

No substantial variance was observed in the etiology of mitral valve disease across groups, except for a higher incidence of endocarditis in group 3 (P = .01). Group 1 exhibited a higher frequency of elective surgeries and isolated mitral valve procedures (P = .008), along with reduced aortic clamping and cardiopulmonary bypass durations (P = .002). Conversely, group 3 patients represented a greater proportion of emergency procedures (P = .01) and prolonged intensive care unit and hospital stays (P = .001). No significant disparities were detected in terms of permanent pacemaker implantation, postoperative complications, or mortality among the groups.

Conclusion:

Mitral valve operations that employed these 3 atriotomy techniques demonstrated a safe profile. The conventional direct approach notably reduced aortic clamping and cardiopulmonary bypass durations. The superior septal method was primarily employed for acute pathologies, with no significant escalation in postoperative arrhythmias or permanent pacemaker implantation, although these patients had prolonged intensive care unit and hospital stays. These outcomes may be linked to the underlying pathology and nature of the surgical intervention rather than the incision method itself.
The ideological nature of the Estado Novoregime in the restoration of the Portuguese crown jewels: 1941-1954
Authors: Rumsey Teixeira João Júlio
Published: January 2024

As it happened with architectural monuments, profound restoration was carried out on the crown jewelry collection during the Estado Novo period. However, unlike the architectural heritage, in the case of the jewels, the first historical and artistic narrative was written while the restorations were taking place. Based on the methodological justifications presented for the intervention, as well as the history disclosed about these jewels when the works were finalized, this article aims to open the discussion about the intentions and consequences of this restoration campaign, which placed the ancient royal jewels in service of the narrative of national greatness and its constant pursuit of "distinctive and Portuguese character". In this regard, the choices made do not fail to appear contradictory, even under the nationalistic ideological bias that influenced them, in the relentless pursuit of valorizing the eras perceived by the regime as the nation's greatest moments of glory.
Patient-reported outcomes of nipple reconstruction with a composite graft from the contralateral nipple
Authors: Lee Min Young , Kim Young Seok , Lee Dong Won
Published: January 2024

Background Local flap techniques are commonly employed for nipple reconstruction. This study was conducted to present the surgical outcomes of composite nipple grafts performed in patients for whom local flap techniques were not suitable.Methods This study included 26 patients who underwent composite nipple grafting between February 2014 and March 2021. Data regarding demographics and complications were obtained through retrospective chart review. Complications, including wound dehiscence and total or partial necrosis, were evaluated by the surgeon. The BREAST-Q survey (as described by Spear et al.) was utilized to investigate patient satisfaction with the reconstructed nipple as well as donor-site morbidity.Results No instances of wound dehiscence, infection, implant exposure, or total necrosis were noted. However, partial necrosis was observed in five patients (19.2%) and healed well with local wound care. The odds ratio (OR) for partial necrosis was not significantly higher in patients who received radiotherapy than in those who did not (OR=1.06, P=0.97). The color and projection of the reconstructed nipple were generally found to be satisfactory. Regarding donor-site morbidity, sensation and contractility were well preserved.Conclusions This study demonstrated that composite nipple grafting is a viable option, as it reduces the size of the relatively large nipple on the normal side while preserving nipple sensation and contractility. This technique can be applied using a thin skin flap that covers the prosthesis following irradiation or a tissue expansion procedure, with minimal risk of compromising the nipple.
Bilateral gigantomastia due to benign breast tumors: a case series and brief review focusing on bilateral diffuse pseudoangiomatous stromal hyperplasia
Authors: Park Jin Sol , Jin Ung Sik
Published: January 2024

Gigantomastia is a rare condition characterized by excessive hypertrophy of the connective tissue of the breast, which can cause physical and emotional distress. Surgical intervention is crucial for improving patients’ quality of life; however, it is challenging to balance minimizing the risk of recurrence and maximizing favorable aesthetic outcomes. This study documents the successful management of three rare cases of bilateral gigantomastia resulting from benign tumors. These cases included rapidly growing bilateral diffuse tumorous pseudoangiomatous stromal hyperplasia (PASH) and bilateral juvenile giant fibroadenoma, with no long-term recurrence observed. We discuss the diagnostic challenges and management considerations for gigantomastia, with a focus on reviewing PASH and its differential diagnosis. The findings offer valuable insights into the successful management of diverse gigantomastia cases caused by benign tumors, potentially aiding clinicians in making more informed decisions regarding optimal patient care.
Demotic Virtues in Plato’s Laws
Authors: Noé Mariana Beatriz
Published: January 2024

I argue that, in Plato’s Laws, demotic virtues (δημόσιαι ἀρεταί, 968a2) are the virtues that non-divine beings can attain. I consider two related questions: what demotic virtues are and how they relate to divine virtue. According to my interpretation, demotic virtues are an attainable – but unreliable – type of virtue that non-divine beings can improve through knowledge. These virtues are not perfect; only divine beings possess perfect virtue. However, this does not mean that perfect virtue plays no part in the ethical lives of non-divine beings. It serves as a “regulative ideal” for everyone who is not a god.
Evidential strategies in English: not just lexical
Authors: Riddle Elizabeth M.
Published: January 2024

English is generally considered to lack grammaticalized evidential markers (Aikhenvald 2004. Evidentiality. Oxford: Oxford University Press). However, Mélac (2022. The grammaticalization of evidentiality in English. English Language and Linguistics 26(2). 331–359) argues that certain uses of seem and other English verbs have grammaticalized as evidentials. He also offers several other examples of what he calls “(semi-)grammaticalized” evidentials. In this article I provide evidence that English also has grammaticalized evidential strategies in the choice between the present and past tenses when either is possible in a particular context, as well as in the use of certain determiners with proper names referring to specific individuals. The relevant contexts involve representation of particular points of view relating broadly to information source through tense and determiner choices. This analysis supports the work of researchers such as Figueras-Bates and Kotwica (2020. Introduction: Evidentiality, epistemicity and mitigation in Spanish. Corpus Pragmatics 4. 1–9: 13), among others, that evidentiality is best seen as “a discursive-pragmatic phenomenon.”
V_a
-deformed free convolution and variance function
Authors: Fakhfakh Raouf
Published: January 2024

In this paper, we deal with the notion of

V
a

{V_{a}}

-deformed free convolution, introduced in [A. D. Krystek and L. J. Wojakowski,
Associative convolutions arising from conditionally free convolution,
Infin. Dimens. Anal. Quantum Probab. Relat. Top. 8 2005, 3, 515–545], from a point of view related to the theory of Cauchy–Stieltjes kernel (CSK) families and their corresponding variance functions. We determine the formula for variance function under a power of

V
a

{V_{a}}

-deformed free convolution. Then we provide an approximation of elements of the CSK family generated by

V
a

{V_{a}}

-deformed free Poisson distribution.
Development of a hybrid geoid model using a global gravity field model over Sri Lanka
Authors: Edirisinghe Dinithi Udarika , Welikanna Duminda Ranganath , Periyandy Thunendran , Bandara Ranmalee
Published: January 2024

Sri Lanka is still in need of a well-defined local geoid model. This geoidal void has made present-day Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) surveys heavily dependent on Global Geopotential Models (GGMs) for height determination. Further, in many instances, the accuracy of GGMs have shown drawbacks in elevation determination over Sri Lanka. Therefore, the study focused on developing a hybrid geoid model (HGM) for Sri Lanka by integrating the available GGMs. Five high-resolution (2190°) GGMs; EGM2008, EIGEN-6C4, GECO, XGM2019e-2159, and SGG-UGM2 were employed to extract GGM-derived geoid undulation for 21 Fundamental Benchmarks (FBMs). The residuals (geoid height deviation) were calculated relative to the observed geoid undulation using GNSS/leveling on the FBMs. The data set was clustered based on topography, and residuals were adjusted using weighted least squares adjustment (LSA). The uneven distribution of the FBMs promotes topography-based clustering. EIGEN-6C4 is found to be the robust GGM for Sri Lanka to develop a hybrid approach, with a 0.001 m RMS value of estimated residuals in LSA. The resulting HGM was interpolated at 1 arc-second grid resolution (30 m × 30 m) using the Inverse Distance Weighted Interpolation. Regression lines were generated for the interpolated HGM with respect to the interpolated observed geoid undulation for 9 transects along the parallel passing through Mount Pedro and for the 16 transects along the meridian. The coefficient of determination on both lines is 0.999. HGM generated by EIGEN-6C4 has shown reliable RMS gradient and intercept values of 8.860078 × 10−9and 0.0039239, respectively, in first-order polynomial fitting.
Reverse-switching radiative cooling for synchronizing indoor air conditioning
Authors: Liu Yang , Zheng Yi
Published: January 2024

Switchable radiative cooling based on the phase-change material vanadium dioxide (VO2) automatically modulates thermal emission in response to varying ambient temperature. However, it is still challenging to achieve constant indoor temperature control solely using a VO2-based radiative cooling system, especially at low ambient temperatures. Here, we propose a reverse-switching VO2-based radiative cooling system, assisting indoor air conditioning to obtain precise indoor temperature control. Unlike previous VO2-based radiative cooling systems, the reverse VO2-based radiative cooler turns on radiative cooling at low ambient temperatures and turns off radiative cooling at high ambient temperatures, thereby synchronizing its cooling modes with the heating and cooling cycles of the indoor air conditioning during the actual process of precise temperature control. Calculations demonstrate that our proposed VO2-based radiative cooling system significantly reduces the energy consumption by nearly 30 % for heating and cooling by indoor air conditioning while maintaining a constant indoor temperature, even surpassing the performance of an ideal radiative cooler. This work advances the intelligent thermal regulation of radiative cooling in conjunction with the traditional air conditioning technology.
Innovative reactor design for the preparation of polymer electrolyte membranes for vanadium flow batteries from preirradiation induced graft copolymerization of acrylic acid and AMPS on PVDF
Authors: Stehle Maria , Lemmermann Torben , Grasser Fabian , Adolfs Claudia , Drache Marco , Gohs Uwe , Lohrengel Armin , Kunz Ulrich , Beuermann Sabine
Published: January 2024

An innovative reactor concept is reported that allows for efficient mass transfer from the liquid phase to the base material and compensates for the growth of the material throughout the synthesis of polymer electrolyte membranes (PEM). The novel reactor allows for the synthesis of PEMs with high reproducibility of their dimensions and properties. PEMs are synthesized via graft copolymerization of the monomers acrylic acid and 2-acrylamido-2-methylpropane sulfonic acid on poly(vinylidene fluoride) films serving as base material, which was activated by electron beam treatment. Both monomers are already containing protogenic groups; thus, follow-up functionalization reactions are avoided. The PEMs were characterized with respect to their electrochemical properties (area specific resistance, recharge current, and ion exchange capacity) relevant for application in vanadium flow batteries and compared to commercially available PEMs.
QMLE for periodic absolute value GARCH models
Authors: Slimani Walid , Lescheb Ines , Cherfaoui Mouloud
Published: January 2024

Periodic generalized autoregressive conditionally heteroscedastic (PGARCH) models were introduced by Bollerslev and Ghysels [T. Bollerslev and E. Ghysels,
Periodic autoregressive conditional heteroscedasticity,
J. Bus. Econom. Statist. 14 1996, 2, 139–151];
these models have gained considerable interest and continued to attract the attention of researchers.
This paper is devoted to extensions of the standard absolute value GARCH (AVGARCH) model to the periodically time-varying coefficients (PAVGARCH) one. In this class of models, the parameters are allowed to switch between different regimes. Moreover, these models allow to integrate asymmetric effects in the volatility, Firstly, we give necessary and sufficient conditions ensuring the existence of stationary solutions (in the periodic sense). Secondary, a quasi-maximum likelihood (QML) estimation approach for estimating the PAVGARCH model is developed. The strong consistency and the asymptotic normality of the estimator are studied given mild regularity conditions, requiring strict stationarity and the finiteness of moments of some order for the errors term. Next, we present a set of numerical experiments illustrating the practical relevance of our theoretical results. Finally, we apply our model to two foreign exchange rates: of Algerian Dinar to the European currency Euro (Euro/Dinar) and the American currency Dollar (Dollar/Dinar). This empirical work shows that our approach also outperforms and fits the data well.
Optimization of ACE mode transition control schedule considering geometric adjustment speed
Authors: Song Keran , Jia Linyuan , Chen Yuchun , Tan Tian , Fan Peiyang
Published: January 2024

Aiming to optimize the mode transition control schedule of the adaptive cycle engine (ACE), an optimization method based on a gradient algorithm was proposed. During the mode transition, the compressor surge margin, the total turbine inlet temperature and the combustion chamber fuel-air ratio are not exceeded. The integration of thrust by time was selected as the optimization objective. The geometric parameters were updated via the optimization target derivative. The speed limit of the geometric adjustment mechanism was also considered in the optimization process. The control schedules of two mode transition processes, from triple to double bypass mode and from double to triple-bypass mode were optimized. The optimization method presented in this paper can be applied to various mode transitions and the geometric adjustment speed meets all the constraints.
Effect of the distribution of the upstream probe support on performance of compressor cascade
Authors: Hou Kuanxin , Xiang Honghui , Gao Jie , Lin Binbin , Dai Qiulin , Fu Yaoming , Yang Yong , Huang Lei
Published: January 2024

Aiming at the problem of aerodynamic coupling interference between disturbance of the built-in measurement probe and internal flow of high load compressor, the experiment of axial position and structure dimension of cylindrical probe support effect on the performance of the compressor cascade was carried out on the transonic plane cascade test facility. The effect characteristics of the distribution of probe support on aerodynamic performance of downstream cascade under different inlet Mach numbers were analyzed through the experimental data. The experimental results show that the axial position of probe support has little impact on the total pressure loss coefficient of cascade under the low-speed inlet flow condition. However, the variety of the axial position of probe support has a great impact on the total pressure loss coefficient of cascade under the high-speed inlet flow condition. With the decrease of the axial distance between probe support and cascade, the total pressure loss coefficient of cascade increases. Under different inlet flow conditions, the variety of the structure dimension of probe support has a significant impact on the total pressure loss coefficient of cascade. With the increase of the structure dimension of probe support, the total pressure loss coefficient of cascade increases.
Development and application of a profile loss model considering the low-Re effect in low-pressure turbine
Authors: Jia Wei , Kong Qingguo , Xiao Guanyu , Mu Handong
Published: January 2024

To improve the prediction accuracy of profile loss at low Reynolds number, a typical low-pressure turbine cascade T106D-EIZ was selected to numerically investigate the effect of Reynolds number on turbine cascade flow. A detailed analysis of profile loss was performed and a profile loss model considering the low-Re effect was developed. Results showed that the incidence angle has a great effect on the inlet and outlet Mach number at low Reynolds number, and the variation of inlet and outlet Mach number further affects the blade profile loss. A correction factor was introduced to consider the effect of incidence angle and Mach number on the profile loss. The profile loss coefficient and stalling incidence angle were both extended to lower Reynolds number based on the numerical results. A Smart Through Flow Analysis Program (STFAP) was developed using the finite volume method to solve the circumferentially averaged Euler equations of S2 surface. Aerodynamic performance of E3 5-stage low-pressure turbine was predicted by STFAP coupled with low-Re profile loss model. Compared with K-O model, the prediction accuracy of efficiency of low-pressure turbine last stage is improved by nearly 1.1 percentage points when the 5-stage low-pressure turbine is in a low Reynolds number state.
The Forest Stewardship Council in Chile
Authors: Graf Jakob
Published: January 2024

Climate change and forest fires are bringing global forest management back into the public eye. One of the most important players on a global level is the Forest Stewardship Council (FSC), which certifies forest products. This article argues that market-based regulatory mechanisms such as the FSC have systematic weaknesses and, using the example of the Chilean forest industry, shows that this is particularly true for the regulation of global extractivist commodity chains. It argues that private regulatory mechanisms such as FSC perpetuate global dependencies, ecological problems, and social inequalities.
Historias de vida: experiencia polifónica a cuatro voces. La experiencia docente para futuros docentes.
Authors: Martí Puig Manuel , Balaguer Rodriguez Patricia
Published: January 2024

El siguiente artículo es fruto de análisis de cuatro historias de vida, una mujer y tres hombres, de las que interpretamos las siguientes variables, las infraestructuras, los materiales, la lengua y la relación familia-escuela obteniendo a través de ellas información desde cuatro puntos de vista diferentes sobre la escasez de recursos e infraestructuras, el uso del castigo frente al refuerzo positivo, el uso de la lengua oficial y cooficiales o la valoración de la actuación docente, entre otros. Al realizar la historia de vida obtenemos por una parte material para futuras investigaciones gracias a la riqueza de la información aportada y por otra, cada docente tiene su propia historia. Tal como afirma Hernández y otros (2011) nuestra tarea pretende ser la reconstrucción de un “relato que dé cuenta de historias de vida singulares”.