bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Research on a Ka-band large-orbit gyro-TWT with periodic dielectric-loaded structure
Authors: Yang Jintao , Wang Efeng , Lei Chaojun , Zhao Qixiang , Feng Jinjun , Lei Zihan , Zeng Xu
Published: November 2023

This paper presents a design of a gyro-TWT operating in the large-orbit
electron beam mode, with the aim of reducing the working magnetic field
while ensuring operational efficiency. The periodic dielectric-loaded
structure is adopted as the high-frequency interaction circuit, which
has not been reported in the application of large-orbit gyro-TWT in
literature, while this structure has been successfully applied in the
development of small-orbit devices. This paper conducts a comprehensive
study and analysis of this structure and achieves stable operation in
the Ka-band after the optimization of the tube. This tube works at
second harmonic of electron frequency in the mode of large-orbit
electron beam. The required magnetic field is only 5100 Gauss, which can
be generated using electromagnetic coils instead of superconducting
magnets. The operational parameters include voltage of 75 kV, current of
9A, and velocity spread of 3.5%. Under these conditions, the device
presents stable operation, with -3 dB bandwidth of 4.3 GHz, and maximum
output power of 165 kW. This result meets the expected requirements for
magnetic field and operational efficiency, thus validating the
feasibility of practical fabrication of large-orbit gyro-TWT with
periodic dielectric-loaded structure.
Smart Fields: Enhancing Agriculture with Machine Learning
Authors: S Shivaraj , M Manju , P Rissi Kumar , PR Shivesh
Published: November 2023

Agriculture is a cornerstone of India’s economy, supporting a vast
majority of its population. However, farmers grapple with selecting the
right crop due to diverse soil characteristics, environmental factors,
plant diseases, and the need for consistent crop monitoring. This paper
presents a smart system assisting farmers in specific crop selection,
integrating plant diseases and consistent monitoring as vital features.
By considering comprehensive data on environmental parameters(moisture),
soil characteristics (including N, P, K levels), plant diseases, and
consistent crop monitoring, the system recommends the most suitable crop
for each season. Moreover, it offers fertilizer suggestions aligned with
optimal nutrient requirements, particularly focusing on N, P, and K
levels, aiming to enhance farming efficiency and sustainability.
Application of genetic capture-mark-recapture methods for invasive wild pigs
Authors: Kierepka Elizabeth , Beasley James , Davis Amy , Keiter David , Pepin Kim , Jr. Olin Rhodes, , Piaggio Antoinette
Published: November 2023

Wild pigs (Sus scrofa) are a highly destructive invasive species across
the globe, making them subject to intensive management including lethal
control. Robust estimates of population abundance are needed to assess
and optimize the effectiveness of control efforts. Genetic capture
mark-recapture (GCMR) offers considerable promise for monitoring
invasive wild pigs. However, obtaining robust estimates from GCMR can be
difficult due to low quality DNA, particularly in moist, hot
environments that promote fast DNA degradation. To examine if GCMR is
feasible for estimating wild pig abundance, we collected pig fecal
samples in three sites (bottomland hardwoods, mixed forest, and upland
pine) at the Savannah River Site, South Carolina, USA. Amplification
success across nine microsatellite loci varied across habitats with
bottomland hardwoods having the lowest success (18%) compared to the
mixed forest (56%) and upland pine (65%). Resultant abundance and
density estimates were relatively similar between field-based methods
and GCMR in the bottomland hardwoods and upland habitats, but estimates
for the bottomland hardwoods had larger confidence intervals. Tests with
additional extraction methods in the bottomland hardwoods found low
amplification, with a combination of Nucleospin soil kits and Zymo
clean-up kits performing the best. While our study found reasonable
estimates of density across three habitats, environmental conditions
have a powerful influence on amplification success and the corresponding
number of recaptures in wild pig GCMR, particularly in the bottomland
hardwoods where flooding was frequent during sampling. Successful GCMR
studies should, therefore, consider both sampling intensity and
laboratory costs when designing studies because dryer habitats have
higher amplification success but lower pig densities.
kinetic-pharmacodynamic models: applications, limitations and perspectives: A systematic review
Authors: Xavier Leonardo , Filho Sandro , Alves Izabel
Published: November 2023

Pharmacometrics is instrumental in drug development, guiding decisions
on dose selection, study design, formulation optimization, biomarker
identification and commercial viability. While traditional
Pharmacokinetic-Pharmacodynamic (PK/PD) modeling is widely embraced,
Kinetic-Pharmacodynamic (KPD) modeling remains relatively underutilized.
This paper introduces KPD modeling as an alternative approach for
understanding dose-effect relationships in scenarios where conventional
PK data is limited. KPD models use dose as the primary input to predict
key parameters, offering a valuable tool for clinical applications. To
explore KPD modeling’s scope and potential benefits, we conducted a
systematic review following PRISMA guidelines. The research question was
“Where can KPD modeling be applied, and what are the main outcomes from
KPD models?”. We searched databases, including PubMed, Web of Science,
Cochrane and EMBASE, using specific terms. Eligible articles had to be
in english and discuss KPD modeling applications or its role in model
development. Our review covered 132 articles published from January 2004
to October 2023, identifying 51 meeting inclusion criteria. Data
included publication year, country, institution, study type, studied
compounds, software tools, KPD applications, and outcomes. This paper
presents a comprehensive analysis of reviewed studies, highlighting
diverse KPD modeling applications in clinical and preclinical settings.
It outlines limitations and suggests avenues for rational KPD
integration into research, clinical trials, and regulatory approvals. By
harnessing KPD modeling’s power, pharmacometrics can enhance
decision-making, addressing challenges posed by limited PK data,
ultimately advancing drug development and patient care.
Foundation Models in shaping the future of ecology
Authors: Morera Albert
Published: November 2023

In the field of ecology, we are facing urgent challenges related to
biodiversity loss, global change and ecosystem sustainability. In this
context, the application of Foundation Models emerges as a powerful
tool. These models have the potential to reshape our understanding of
natural systems, incorporating large volumes of data from different
sources and generating results with a more holistic view of ecosystem
functioning. However, the application of foundational models in ecology
presents challenges that will need to be addressed, such as model
interpretation, training efficiency, and the ethical considerations due
their implementation.
Forecasting Animal Distribution through Individual Habitat Selection: Insights for Population Inference and Transferable Predictions
Authors: Winter Veronica , Smith Brian , Berger Danielle , Hart Ronan , Huang John , Manlove Kezia , Buderman Frances , Avgar Tal
Published: November 2023

Species distribution and habitat selection models frequently use data
collected from a small geographic area over a short window of time to
extrapolate patterns of relative abundance to unobserved areas or
periods of time. However, these types of models often poorly predict how
animals will use habitat beyond the place and time of data collection
because space-use behaviors vary between individuals and are
context-dependent. Here, we present a modelling workflow to advance
predictive distribution performance by explicitly accounting for
individual variability in habitat selection behavior and dependence on
environmental context. Using global positioning system (GPS) data
collected from 238 individual pronghorn, (Antilocapra americana), across
3 years in Utah, we combine individual-year-season-specific exponential
habitat-selection models with weighted mixed-effects regressions to both
draw inference about the drivers of habitat selection and predict
space-use in areas/times where/when pronghorn were not monitored. We
found a tremendous amount of variation in both the magnitude and
direction of habitat selection behavior across seasons, but also across
individuals, geographic regions, and years. We were able to attribute
portions of this variation to season, movement strategy, sex, and
regional variability in resources, conditions, and risks. We were also
able to partition residual variation into inter- and intra-individual
components. We then used the results to predict population-level,
spatially and temporally dynamic, habitat-selection coefficients across
Utah, resulting in a temporally dynamic map of pronghorn distribution at
a 30x30m resolution but an extent of 220,000km2. We believe our
transferable workflow can provide managers and researchers alike a way
to turn limitations of traditional RSF models - variability in habitat
selection - into a tool to improve understanding and predicting animal
distribution across space and time.
Knowledge graph modeling of college students' independent learning style and application of knowledge-based reasoning
Authors: Zhang Chenwen , Shan Yugang
Published: November 2023

In recent years, China has become more closely connected with other
countries, and Internet technology has developed rapidly. The new
situation has put forward new requirements and challenges to the study
of oral English. The disadvantages of traditional oral English teaching
are gradually exposed. It is difficult for traditional teaching methods
to adapt to the new situation of English learning. This paper analyzes
the disadvantages of traditional oral English teaching, analyzes the
significance of Internet-based oral English learning, and come up with
the basic implementation strategies of independent learning, hoping to
improve the efficiency of oral English learning.
Severe seasonal shifts in tropical insect ephemerality drive bat foraging effort
Authors: Kohles Jenna , Page Rachel A , Wikelski Martin , Dechmann Dina
Published: November 2023

Food distribution and availability fundamentally shape foraging. Yet
spatiotemporal distribution of mobile prey and its proximate effects on
animals have rarely been assessed. The neotropical bat, Noctilio
albiventris, forages on aquatic swarming insects which peak just one to
two hours after dusk. We matched seasonal insect distribution at high
spatiotemporal resolution to the foraging behavior of adult female bats.
Surprisingly, insect abundance was lower in the wet season, and insect
patches dispersed more rapidly. Correspondingly, bats emerged 45%
earlier, foraged over 40% longer, and flew almost twice as far compared
to the dry season. Wet season bats also spent less time at each patch,
suggesting that patches, though the same size, were less dense and
depleted more rapidly. Our results highlight the tight link between
foraging and sharp seasonal shifts in the spatial unpredictability and
temporal ephemerality of resources, shedding light on behavioral
adaptations and plasticity in response to resource fluctuation.
Heavy Metal Stress and Mitogen Activated Kinase Transcription Factors in Plants: Exploring Heavy Metal-ROS Influences on Plant Signaling Pathways
Authors: Niekerk Lee-Ann , Gokul Arun , Basson Gerhard , Badiwe Mihlali , Nkomo Mbukeni , Klein Ashwil , Keyster Marshall
Published: November 2023

Due to their stationery nature, plants are exposed to a diverse range of
biotic and abiotic stresses, of which heavy metals stress poses as one
of the most detrimental abiotic stresses, targeting crucial and vital
processes. Heavy metals instigate the over-production of reactive oxygen
species (ROS), and in order to mitigate the adverse effects of ROS,
plants induce multiple defence mechanisms. Besides the negative
implications of overproduction of ROS, these molecules play a multitude
of signaling roles in plants, acting as a central player in the complex
signaling network of cells. One of the signaling mechanisms it is
involved in is the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) cascade, a
signaling pathway used to transduce extracellular stimuli into
intracellular responses. Plant MAPKs have been implicated in signaling
of stresses, phytohormones and cell cycle cues. However, the influence
of various heavy metals on MAPKs activation has not been well
documented. In this review, we will attempt to address and summarize
several aspects related to various heavy metal-induced ROS signaling,
how these signals activate the MAPK cascade and the downstream
transcription factors that instigates the plants response to these heavy
metals. Moreover, we will highlight a modern research methodology that
could characterize the novel genes associated with MAPKs and their roles
in heavy metal stress.
Comparative study on the compression characteristics under mechanical and gas pressurization
Authors: Wang Shicheng , Guo Xiaolei , Zhang Hui , Yang Yunfei , Lu Haifeng , Liu Haifeng
Published: November 2023

Powder compression is essential in the storage and transportation
processes. The compression characteristics of pulverized coal, rice husk
and lignocellulose were compared under mechanical and gas pressurization
respectively. The experimental results showed that the descending order
of relative packing density was lignocellulose > rice husk
> pulverized coal under mechanical pressurization, while an
opposite trend was observed under gas pressurization. The effect of
cohesion properties on compression results, such as inter-particle
adhesion force and powder bed cohesion, was also investigated. For
mechanical pressurization, the powder bed of cohesive biomass had higher
void fraction, which was directly linked to larger relative packing
density. On the contrary, gas permeated easily into the biomass powder
bed, and the lower pressure drop decreased the compression capacity of
gas pressurization. In addition, a model for predicting the relative
packing density was proposed with an error of ± 5%.
Fun in the Sun: Singlet Oxygen Harnessing the Power of Light in Response to Biotic Stresses
Authors: Goggin Fiona L. , Fischer Hillary D.
Published: November 2023

Singlet Oxygen (SO) is among the most potent reactive oxygen species,
and readily oxidizes proteins, lipids, and DNA. It can be generated at
the plant surface by phototoxins in the epidermis, acting as a direct
defense against pathogens and herbivores (including humans). SO can also
accumulate within mitochondria, peroxisomes, cytosol, and the nucleus
through multiple enzymatic and non-enzymatic processes. However, the
primary location of SO in plants is in the chloroplast, where it results
from transfer of light energy from PhotosystemII to triplet oxygen. SO
accumulates in response to diverse stresses that perturb chloroplast
metabolism, and while its short half-life precludes exiting the
chloroplast, it participates in retrograde signaling through the
EXECUTER1 sensor, generation of carotenoid metabolites, and possibly
other unknown pathways. SO thereby reprograms nuclear gene expression
and modulates hormone signaling and programmed cell death. While SO
signaling has long been known to regulate plant responses to high-light
stress, recent literature also suggests a role in plant interactions
with insects, bacteria, and fungi. The goals of this review are to
provide a brief overview of SO, summarize evidence for its involvement
in biotic stress responses, and discuss future directions for the study
of SO in signaling and defense.
Observations of reduced ET and persistent elevated water table beneath a riparian forest gap following emerald ash borer invasion and tree mortality
Authors: Robertson Wendy , Krzemien Sarah , Engelken Patrick , McCullough Deborah G.
Published: November 2023

Emerald ash borer (EAB) ( Agrilus planipennis Fairmaire), an
invasive, phloem-feeding beetle native to Asia, has killed millions of
ash ( Fraxinus spp.) trees in North America since it was detected
in southeast Michigan in 2002. Consistently high mortality of black ash
( Fraxinus nigra) and green ash ( F. pennsylvanica) which
often occur in riparian forests is a concern given their role in
regulating soil moisture and shallow groundwater levels. We monitored
hydrologic processes in a riparian forest in southwest Michigan to
assess impacts of EAB invasion and subsequent ash mortality. From
2018-2022, we recorded soil moisture, depth to groundwater and
meteorological variables at 15-min intervals throughout the growing
season in a canopy gap following EAB-caused ash mortality and in
adjacent, unaffected forest in the Augusta Creek riparian zone.
Groundwater contributions to evapotranspiration (ET )
were estimated using a groundwater level fluctuation (WLF) method.
Significant differences in volumetric soil moisture content (16-26%
higher in the gap than forest), average depth to water (10 cm in the gap
vs 70 cm below land surface in the forest) and mean daily ET
(0.6 in the gap vs 3.0 mm per day in the forest)
persisted across four growing seasons. Within the gap, prolonged
saturation of the near surface may be contributing to a shift from a
forested riparian ecosystem to herb and sedge-dominated wetland. These
differences have implications for an array of riparian zone ecosystem
services, a concern given the extent of ash mortality already sustained
in much eastern North America.
Rainfall interception of urban trees: event characteristics and tree morphological traits
Authors: Anys Markus , Weiler Markus
Published: November 2023

The rapid expansion of impermeable surfaces in cities has a major impact
on urban hydrology. Infiltration of rainwater is reduced and water runs
off faster with higher runoff peaks. Urban trees as stormwater
management tools are becoming more relevant to reduce flood risks in
addition to other ecosystem services. An in-situ field experiment to
measure throughfall on Norway maple ( Acerplatanoides)
and small-leaved lime ( Tiliacordata) was conducted to
determine the interception of solitary urban trees with different
degrees of surface sealing in the city of Freiburg, Germany. The
relationships between rainfall characteristics, tree morphological
traits, and the interception behavior were investigated with eight trees
per species. 76 recorded rainfall events were evaluated from April to
September 2021. Average interception values were higher for small-leaved
lime (70.3 ± 6.6%) than for Norway maple (54.8 ± 10.3%) and hence much
higher than in a typical forested environment. The average interception
loss of all recorded events was 2.58 ± 0.60 mm for Norway maple and 3.73
± 0.29 mm for small-leaved lime. For both tree species, significant
linear correlations were found between the relative interception and
other factors like rainfall depths, the leaf area index (LAI), and the
plant area index (PAI) (adj.R > 0.45).
In contrast to Norway maple, small-leaved lime also showed significant
relationships of several tree morphological parameters with the
interception (adj.R > 0.43). LAI, which
also effects the interception, of both tree species significantly
decreased with the degree of surface sealing. Our results provide a
better understanding of the interception process of solitary trees for
different urban sites and allows to parameterize interception based on
measurable properties. However, further field experiments with various
tree species need to be conducted to obtain a larger database for
typical parameters in models and to support urban planners in managing
stormwater runoff.
The generation of 150 km echoes through nonlinear wave mode coupling
Authors: Longley William J
Published: November 2023

A fundamental problem in turbulence is understanding how energy cascades
across multiple scales. In this paper, a new weak turbulence theory is
developed to explain how energy can be transferred from Langmuir and
Upper-Hybrid waves (~10 MHz frequencies, 20-cm
wavelengths) to ion-acoustic waves (~kHz frequencies,
3-meter wavelengths). A kinetic approach is used where the electrostatic
Boltzmann equations are Fourier-Laplace transformed, and the nonlinear
term is retained. A unique feature of this approach is the ability to
calculate power spectra at low frequencies, for any wavelength or angle
to the magnetic field. The results of this theory explain how 150-km
echoes are generated in the ionosphere. First, peaks in the suprathermal
electron velocity distribution drive a bump-on-tail like instability.
This instability excites the Upper-Hybrid mode, and the nonlinear mode
coupling theory shows that the instability generates a
~10 dB enhancement of the ion-acoustic mode: matching
the observed enhancement in 150-km echoes.
Translations Of Neural Networks based on Fuzzy Weights for Binary Keys within Delayed and Actual Time
Authors: Singam Amitesh Kumar
Published: November 2023

The Key facts of Translations are meant to validated the Fuzzy Weights.
Moreover, In our case Fuzzy weights are based on Logical Reasoning  and
Logical Thinking, even though fuzzy logics are not concerned with data
rather it depends on thought process based on human brain Imitation.
Generally, at some point mankind depends on his own creations and tries
to understand its usage through Machine Language or so called Machine
Teaching and this is were humans try to understand fuzzy concepts based
on binary language, moreover this translations are  meant to become
complicated the more we go deeper but here comes our originality  of
introducing fuzzy weights or logic based on Switching Theory Logical
design which produces binary keys instead of values, we concentrated on
reducing complexity of Machine Teaching through fuzzy weights.
Machine-learned uncertainty quantification is not magic: Lessons learned from emulating radiative transfer with ML
Authors: Lagerquist Ryan , Ebert-Uphoff Imme , Turner David D , Stewart Jebb Q.
Published: November 2023

Machine-learned uncertainty quantification (ML-UQ) has become a hot
topic in environmental science, especially for neural networks. 
Scientists foresee the use of ML-UQ to make better decisions and assess
the trustworthiness of the ML model.  However, because ML-UQ is a new
tool, its limitations are not yet fully appreciated.  For example, some
types of uncertainty are fundamentally unresolvable, including
uncertainty that arises from data being out of sample, i.e.,
outside the distribution of the training data.  While it is generally
recognized that ML-based point predictions (predictions without UQ) do
not extrapolate well out of sample, this awareness does not exist for
ML-based uncertainty.  When point predictions have a large error,
instead of accounting for this error by producing a wider confidence
interval, ML-UQ often fails just as spectacularly.  We demonstrate this
problem by training ML with five different UQ methods to predict
shortwave radiative transfer.  The ML-UQ models are trained with real
data but then tasked with generalizing to perturbed data
containing, e.g., fictitious cloud and ozone layers.  We show
that ML-UQ completely fails on the perturbed data, which are far outside
the training distribution.  We also show that when the training data are
lightly perturbed – so that each basis vector of perturbation has
a little variation in the training data – ML-UQ can extrapolate
along the basis vectors with some success, leading to much better (but
still somewhat concerning) performance on the validation and testing
data.  Overall, we wish to discourage overreliance on ML-UQ, especially
in operational environments.
Regimes of precipitation change over Europe and the Mediterranean
Authors: André Julie Camille , D'Andrea Fabio , Drobinski Philippe J , Muller Caroline
Published: November 2023

The Mediterranean region is experiencing pronounced aridification and in
certain areas higher occurrence of intense precipitation.In this work, we analyze the evolution of the rainfall probability
distribution in terms of precipitating days (or “wet-days”) and
all-days quantile trends, in Europe and the Mediterranean, using the
ERA5 reanalysis.Looking at the form of wet-days quantile trends curves, we identify four
regimes.Two are predominant: in most of Northern Europe the rainfall quantiles
all intensify, while in the Mediterranean the low-medium quantiles are
mostly decreasing as extremes intensify.The wet-days distribution is then modeled by a Weibull law with two
parameters, whose changes capture the four regimes.Assessing the significance of the parameter changes over 1950–2020
shows that a signal on wet-days distribution has already emerged in
Northern Europe (where the distribution shifts to more intense
rainfall), but not yet in the Mediterranean, where the natural
variability is stronger.We extend the results by describing the all-days distribution change as
the wet-days’, plus a contribution from the dry-days frequency change,
and study their relative contribution.In Northern Europe, the wet-days distribution change is the dominant
driver, and the contribution of dry-days frequency change can be
neglected for wet-days percentiles above about 50\%.In the Mediterranean, however, the contribution to all-days change of
wet-days distribution change is much smaller than the one of dry-days
frequency.Therefore, in the Mediterranean the increase of dry-days frequency is
crucial for all-days trends, even when looking at heavy precipitations.
More Frequent Spaceborne Sampling of XCO2 Improves Detectability of Carbon Cycle Seasonal Transitions in Arctic-Boreal Ecosystems
Authors: Parazoo Nicholas C , Keppel-Aleks Gretchen , Sander Stanley , Byrne Brendan , Natraj Vijay , Luo Mingzhao , Blavier Jean-Francois , Dorsky Leonard , Nassar Ray
Published: November 2023

Surface, aircraft, and satellite measurements indicate pervasive cold
season CO2 emissions across Arctic regions, consistent with a
hyperactive biosphere and increased metabolism in plants and soils. A
key remaining question is whether cold season sources will become large
enough to permanently shift the Arctic into a net carbon source. Polar
orbiting GHG satellites provide robust estimation of regional carbon
budgets but lack sufficient spatial coverage and repeat frequency to
track sink-to-source transitions in the early cold season. Mission
concepts such as the Arctic Observing Mission (AOM) advocate for flying
imaging spectrometers in highly elliptical orbits (HEO) over the Arctic
to address sampling limitations. We perform retrieval and flux inversion
simulation experiments using the AURORA mission concept, leveraging a
Panchromatic imaging Fourier Transform Spectrometer (PanFTS) in HEO.
AURORA simulations demonstrate the benefits of increased CO2 sampling
for detecting spatial gradients in cold season efflux and improved
monitoring of rapid Arctic change.
Data Assimilation Informed model Structure Improvement (DAISI) for robust prediction under climate change: Application to 201 catchments in southeastern Australia
Authors: Lerat Julien , Chiew Francis Hock Soon , Robertson David Ewen , Andréassian Vazken , Zheng Hongxing
Published: November 2023

This paper presents a method to analyze and improve the set of equations
constituting a rainfall-runoff model structure based on a combination of
a data assimilation algorithm and polynomial updates to the state
equations. The method, which we have called “Data Assimilation Informed
model Structure Improvement” (DAISI) is generic, modular, and
demonstrated with an application to the GR2M model and 201 catchments in
South-East Australia. Our results show that the updated model generated
with DAISI generally performed better for all metrics considered
included KGE, NSE on log transform flow and flow duration curve bias. In
addition, the modelled elasticity of runoff to rainfall is higher in the
updated model, which suggests that the structural changes could have a
significant impact on climate change simulations. Finally, the DAISI
diagnostic identified a reduced number of update configurations in the
GR2M structure with distinct regional patterns in three sub-regions of
the modelling domain (Western Victoria, central region, and Northern New
South Wales). These configurations correspond to specific polynomials of
the state variables that could be used to improve equations in a revised
model. Several potential improvements of DAISI are proposed including
the use of additional observed variables such as actual
evapotranspiration to better constrain the model internal fluxes.
Subaerial Profiles at Two Beaches: Equilibrium and Machine Learning
Authors: Siegelman Mika Natalie , McCarthy Ryan A , Young Adam Patrick , O'Reilly William , Matsumoto Hironori , Johnson Mele O , Mack Connor , Guza R.T.
Published: November 2023

Weekly to quarterly beach elevation surveys spanning 700-800 m
alongshore and 8 years at two beaches were each supplemented with
several months of ∼100 sub-weekly surveys. These beaches, which have
different sediment types (sand vs. sand-cobble mix), both widen in
summer in response to the seasonal wave climate, in agreement with a
generic equilibrium model. Results suggest differences in backshore
erodability contribute to differing beach responses in the stormiest (El
Niño) year. At both sites, the time dependence of the equilibrium
modeled shoreline resembles the first mode of an EOF decomposition of
the observations. With sufficient training, an equilibrium-informed
Extra Tree Regression model, that includes features motivated by
equilibrium modelling, can significantly outperform a generic
equilibrium model.
Aerosol Atmospheric Rivers as Drivers of Extreme Poor Air Quality Events and Record PM2.5 Levels
Authors: Chakraborty Sudip , Guan Bin , Waliser Duane Edward , daSilva Arlindo M. , Jiang Jonathan H
Published: November 2023

This study investigates the impacts of aerosol atmospheric rivers (AARs)
on extreme Particulate Matter 2.5 (PM2.5) levels (PM2.5 >
15mgm-3, as per the WHO) and on aerosol optical depth (AOD) extremes
(AOD > 98th percentile) over the US and the globe,
respectively, between 1997-2020. Results show that over various regions
over the US, extreme PM2.5values are associated with AARs up to 70% of
the time. Dust (sulfate) AARs are responsible for extreme PM2.5 levels
over the southwestern (northeastern and the east coastal) US. Organic
and black carbon AARs are associated with extreme PM2.5 levels over the
Midwest region of the US. Globally, AARs are associated with 40-80% of
the extreme AOD levels over the US, Sahel, Europe, Middle East, US,
South America, East Asia, India, and South Africa. Such associations
often lead to the highest or the second highest PM2.5 and AOD levels
recorded over those stations between 1997-2020.
The beginnings of pottery technology in Vietnam based on finds from the Xom Trai Cave in the Hoà Bình Province
Authors: Gralak Tomasz , Nguyen Viet
Published: November 2023

In the caves of South East Asia, artefacts from the Pleistocene period known as the Hoabinhian culture are found. They also include the oldest evidence of using pottery technology in this region. The adoption of the new technology can be seen as a deeper specialization within the hunter-gatherer economy. The use of pottery facilitates and accelerates the thermal processing of food (i.e., cooking or possibly roasting). In addition, some foods require prolonged or repeated cooking; otherwise, they may be toxic or difficult to digest. The article analyzes vessels fragments from the XomTrai Cave and additionally from the Hiem Cave – both in Hoà Bình Province in Vietnam. Based on physical characteristics, four formal and technological groups were distinguished, corresponding to three phases of use. The first is related to the decline of the Hoabinhian communities – the so-called Dabutian (the Da But culture), the second with the early Neolithic Phung Nguyen culture (or horizon), and the third with the early Bronze Age Go Mun culture.
Rural residences of Wrocław burghers in the 13th-16th centuries
Authors: Nowakowski Dominik
Published: November 2023

The article discusses the issue of latemedieval and early-modern manor houses of Wrocław citizens, located in their rural properties. Many of them, located in the close vicinity of Wrocław, were destroyed as a result of the spatial development of the urban agglomeration, others are usually poorly researched archaeologically and architecturally. For this reason, and in accordance with the requirements of historical archaeology, this issue has been analyzed using a maximum variety of sources: written, archaeological, architectural, cartographic and iconographic. The article includes examples of manor houses built by the citizens of Wrocław as well as those that originally belonged to dukes or knights. The key issues to which special attention has been given are the chronology and formal classification of objects as well as their functions and significance for their founders and owners. The issue was discussed in four chronological intervals, basically reflecting the economic, social and political changes that influenced the development of Silesian defensive-residential buildings.
Prof. dr hab. Zofia Sulgostowska (13 czerwca 1944 – 13 lutego 2023)
Authors: Sobkowiak-Tabaka Iwona
Published: November 2023

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Prof. dr hab. Bogusław Gediga, 13 stycznia 1933 – 18 października 2022. Redaktor Naczelny „Przeglądu Archeologicznego” w latach 1990-2022
Authors: Markiewicz Małgorzata
Published: November 2023

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Prof. dr hab. Bogusław Gediga (13 stycznia 1933 – 18 października 2022)
Authors: Rębkowski Marian
Published: November 2023

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Reeducation of the Upper Limb: A Case Study of a Multiple Trauma Patient, Who Suffered a Car Accident
Authors: Oliveira Inês Rodrigues de , Palma Joana Filipa Ganhão
Published: November 2023

The hand and the forearm are the main defensive organs and more than often they suffer serious traumatism in car accidents. Guiding these patients to rehabilitation areas is essential for the success of the process.
The present case refers to a multiple trauma patient who suffered a car accident which had great impact on his upper left limb. The patient was treated at Hospital de São José, and later transferred for the Centro de Medicina e Reabilitação do Sul to start his rehabilitation. The complete description of the process in Occupational Therapy/Hand Therapy starts here, with the intention of evaluating the impact of this type of intervention on a multiple trauma patient, by assessing the evolution of the open wound, scar, edema, sensitiveness, joint range, muscular activation, limb functionality as well as Instrumental and Daily Life Activities.
Despite improvements at motor and sensory levels, these were not as expected, as a result of the severity of the injuries and the late rehabilitation beginning. Nonetheless, at the functionality level the patient was able to achieve improvement levels that allowed a greater independence and a return to his job. A timely reference for treatment, in this case of multiple trauma in the upper limb, could have allowed for a greater success in the rehabilitation, at the same time, a more effective communication among all the structures involved in the case since the moment of the accident until rehabilitation would also have led to a faster closing of the wound, which would have a positive influence in the results. Although, and even with the late start, the Hand Therapy intervention was paramount for the patient’s independence.
Cluster Head Selection in Device to Device (D2D) Communication Based on Weighted Network Performance Factor
Authors: Eze Idigo Victor , Ezeh Ikechukwu Harrison , Okwudili Azubogu Augustine Chukwuemeka , Okorogu Victor Ndubuisi , Nnebe Scholastica Ukamaka
Published: November 2023

In this study, an unsupervised machine learning algorithm, Self Organizing Map was utilized to cluster D2D User Equipment using their network values as inputs. A weighting factor referred to as Hardware Sensing Factor (HSF) was formulated to take into account the device’s channel quality and the status of its underlying hardware circuitry. The values of the HSF were used as inputs to cluster the devices and to select cluster head for each cluster. The performance of SOM when HSF was input was compared with the performance when RSSI, RSRP or RSRQ was used as input. The comparison showed that the use of HSF as input to SOM cluster algorithm gave better cluster performance than the use of respective network values such as RSSI, RSRP or RSRQ. In addition, the use of HSF as input data to both SOM and K-Means algorithms showed that SOM cluster formation has better performance than K-Means algorithm.
Material Teach Differentiated Style Study for Increase Mathematical Problem Solving Abilities
Authors: Pipin Sumarni  , Yerizon  , Erni Suharti  , Anny Sovia
Published: November 2023

This research was carried out with the aim of finding out the problems found in tenth grade, or what is called Phase E. This research is expected to be able to overcome the problems of students who experience problems in solving problems by looking at students' learning styles. The type of research used in this research is a classroom action research method with a qualitative approach. The instruments used in this research were a learning style questionnaire, observation sheets to observe interactions between teachers and students, as well as interactions between students during the mathematics learning process. This research was conducted in phase E. From the research conducted, it was found that the use of teaching materials with differentiated learning styles can improve students' problem-solving abilities. It can be seen because there is an increase from the initial diagnostic student scores to the second cycle.
STUDENT’S STRATEGIES FOR REDUCING ANXIETY IN SPEAKING ENGLISH
Authors: Gantina Audi , Rustandi Andi , Rachmawati Etika
Published: November 2023

Speaking is a communication activity that permits people to communicate verbally while using nonverbal cues from their bodies. Many students experience anxiety before speaking in front of a class, especially in English. The writer used five previous studies in this research. The purpose of this study is to identify the strategies and issues that students at Islamic Junior High School in Ciamis use to reduce anxiety when speaking English. This study used Likert scale instruments. This study used a qualitative approach, and for the design, it used a case study with 20 respondents. Meanwhile, the data of this study were analyzed by using descriptive statistics. Therefore, the writer proposes to study the causes of students' anxiety in English speaking and teachers' ways to alleviate anxiety in the classroom in the context of Indonesian TEFL. The study attempts to analyze "Students' Strategies for Reducing Speaking Anxiety in English". The result of this study overall shows that students felt fear in speaking English because of a lack of understanding of vocabulary, pronunciation, and grammar, The strategies they used are clustered around preparation, i.e., multiple speaking exercises.
La vida rural a través de la memoria histórica española del siglo XX: el caso de La tierra desnuda de Rafael Navarro de Castro
Authors: García-Cardona Juan
Published: November 2023

En este trabajo se propone un análisis de la figura del campesino en la ficción literaria, concretamente en la novela La tierra desnuda (2019) de Rafael Navarro de Castro. Se parte de la España profunda para alcanzar dos objetivos: por un lado, examinar la ficción como material de construcción de la memoria; por otro, observar cómo interactúan la memoria histórica española del siglo XX con el modo de vida rural en proceso de desaparición. Se constata, a lo largo del estudio, una validación del material ficcional y una vinculación indivisible entre la vivencia campesina y la situación política española.
Un testigo de su tiempo: las bases e influencias del realismo crítico de Rafael Chirbes
Authors: Acebes Arias Álvaro
Published: November 2023

La trayectoria narrativa de Rafael Chirbes (1949-2015), retrato de un país y de un tiempo convulso y cambiante, sitúa al autor valenciano como uno de los más brillantes exponentes del realismo. La naturaleza de su escritura se apoya en una particular concepción de la novela y bebe de diferentes fuentes. Tomando en cuenta las consideraciones que la crítica y el propio Rafael Chirbes hizo sobre el realismo, en este artículo se examinan los mecanismos que articulan su obra y se ofrece una vía de estudio sobre la relevancia de este estilo en la literatura contemporánea, así como su conexión con exponentes claves de la tradición realista, entre los que destacan Benito Pérez Galdós y Max Aub.
Gestar un ángel: fracaso y maduración en Contra la juventud de Pablo d’Ors
Authors: Varo Varo Alonso
Published: November 2023

Contra la juventud es un caso particular dentro del género de las novelas de formación. En esta obra, Pablo d’Ors incide en el fracaso del ajuste de un sujeto inmaduro con el mundo que le rodea. No obstante, como mostraré en este ensayo, un análisis arquetípico de los personajes secundarios a partir de la teoría jungiana de la individuación nos ayudará a interpretar adecuadamente la dimensión de este fracaso formativo. A su vez, prestaré especial atención a la figura del ángel y el rol salvífico que desempeña en el proceso de maduración del protagonista. A este respecto, las reflexiones sobre lo angélico del ilustre pensador Eugenio d’Ors serán esenciales.
Memoria histórica interrogativa y modernidad (Oído atento a los pájaros, de Luis Goytisolo)
Authors: García Carlos Javier
Published: November 2023

Centrándose en el período de una Guerra Civil y la memoria que presenta Oído atento a los pájaros, este artículo explora qué tipo de conocimiento producen los mecanismos interpretativos sobre el acontecer histórico creado en el mundo de la novela. Se examina cómo los dispositivos retóricos generadores de conocimiento producen a la vez incertidumbre a la hora de explicar el pasado. Al explorar las tensiones de lo afectivo en relación con las ideologías políticas, propongo que la novela de Luis Goytisolo incita a considerar la memoria de la guerra desde una perspectiva interrogativa vinculada a ideas frecuentemente asociadas con los parámetros de la modernidad.
Ilusiones y desilusiones de la Educación Comparada: política y conocimiento
Authors: Nóvoa António
Published: November 2023

Tras la apertura, en la primera parte se presenta una lectura panorámica de la Educación Comparada, a partir de cuatro fechas: describir (1817), imaginar (1867), predecir (1917) y prescribir (1967). A continuación, en un breve intermezzo, se defiende una Educación Comparada más problematizadora, marcada por tres gestos: distanciamiento, intercesión y comunicación. En la segunda parte se argumenta que la Educación Comparada tiene que construir otra comprensión del espacio y del tiempo y de las relaciones espacio-tiempo, concibiendo el espacio como espacialidades y el tiempo como temporalidades. Finalmente, para cerrar, se debaten las relaciones entre política y conocimiento, defendiendo la necesidad de reforzar un espacio público de discusión y deliberación que sea, al mismo tiempo, un espacio de producción de lo común.
Di Piero, María Emilia. Escuela secundaria y desigualdad. Meritocracia e igualitarismo en secundarias universitarias en La Plata. Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires: Aique. 2022, 276 páginas, ISBN 978-987-06-0990-2
Authors: Garriga Olmo Santiago
Published: November 2023

Di Piero, María Emilia. Escuela secundaria y desigualdad. Meritocracia e igualitarismo en secundarias universitarias en La Plata. Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires: Aique. 2022, 276 páginas, ISBN 978-987-06-0990-2
O integrismo tefepista da segunda metade do século XX
Authors: ZANOTTO Gizele
Published: November 2023

Neste artigo, discutiremos as bases integristas do pensamento que embasa doutrina e ação da Sociedade Brasileira de Defesa da Tradição, Família e Propriedade, que se mostrou potencialmente transnacional com a difusão da entidade pelos cinco continentes. O integrismo, relido pelo fundador da Sociedade Brasileira de Defesa da Tradição, Família e Propriedade, Plínio Corrêa de Oliveira (1908-1995), consolidou-se como manancial formativo e combativo de católicos leigos que fizeram dessa proposta de autocompreensão, formação e ação seu modus operandi em prol do catolicismo. Em sua base, além da autocompreensão de catolicismo restrita e unívoca, consta o combate ao “outro”, a diligência em identificar, denunciar e combater o “mal”, que será auferido a partir de publicações do líder Plinio Corrêa de Oliveira e de fontes institucionais. Tal dualismo será analisado em cotejo com categorias e conceitos interdisciplinares voltados ao estudo do imaginário e do político-religioso e de formas de ação sobre tal compreensão de realidade.
A minimálbér-emelés, mint gazdaságpolitikai eszköz
Authors: Molnár Dániel , Regős Gábor
Published: November 2023

A minimálbér és a garantált bérminimum emelését minden évben hosszú tárgyalássorozat előzi meg. Ennek kapcsán egyfelől megjelenik a munkavállalók jogos érdeke a bérfelzárkóztatás tekintetében, másfelől pedig a munkáltatók teherbíró képessége és költségminimalizálása. Magyarországon az elmúlt időszakban jelentős mértékben emelkedett a minimálbér és a garantált bérminimum értéke, amely a magasabb bérkategóriákban is béremeléseket kényszerített ki a bérfeltorlódás elkerülése érdekében. A legkisebb garantált bérek emelkedése azonban nem okozta a munkanélküliség növekedését. Számításaink szerint 1 százalékpontos minimálbéremelés 0,3 százalékponttal növeli az átlagbér növekedési ütemét a versenyszférában, amely mellett az inflációs várakozások és a munkaerőhiány szerepe emelendő ki. A többi visegrádi ország esetében ugyanakkor ez a kapcsolat nem áll fenn, amelynek oka, hogy hazánkban a kormányzat a minimálbér és a garantált bérminimum révén a foglalkoztatottak szélesebb körének bérezésére hatással van, így pedig nagyobb a befolyása is az átlagkeresetek alakulására is. A minimálbér és a garantált bérminimum tehát hazánkban a munkaerőpiac feszességének megőrzése és fokozása mellett a bérfelzárkóztatás másik fontos eszköze.
„Pro Stabilitate Regni Nostri” – A pénzügyi stabilitás és integritás szolgálatában : Történelmi példák és tanulságok
Authors: Korencsi Attila
Published: November 2023

A cikk feltárja a pénzügyi stabilitás és integritás történeti gyökereit Magyarországon. Különös hangsúlyt helyez a pizetumjog bemutatására, amely a magyar pénzkibocsátás történetében fontos integritáskontroll-eszköznek tekinthető. Ráirányítja a figyelmet középkori pénzügyi igazgatás főbb jellemzőire, valamint a hazai pénzügytörténetben tetten érhető innovációkra. A mának szóló tanulságokat von le, hogy milyen megközelítésmódot kell alkalmazni, miként lehet megküzdeni a jelen évtized megatrendjei okozta kihívásokkal. Minden válság lehetőségeket hordoz. Ez innovatív gondolkodásmódot, együttműködésre alapozott, értékorientált modell követését vetíti előre.
Nők és a munka alapú társadalom, a családok életkörülményei, valamint a gyermekvállalás : Helyzetkép a GYED extra tizedik évfordulója kapcsán
Authors: Szalai Piroska
Published: November 2023

Magyarországon az utóbbi évtizedben a tagállamok közül egyik legnagyobb mértékben nőtt a foglalkoztatás mind a nők, mind a férfiak esetében, csökkent a szegénység vagy társadalmi kirekesztődés kockázatával élők aránya, s ezen belül a gyermeket nevelő háztartások kockázati többlete is megszűnt, valamint egyik legnagyobb mértékben nőtt a teljes termékenységi arány. Hazánk és a környező országok kiváló példák arra, hogy a női foglalkoztatás bővülésével egyidőben nő a termékenység, ami az unió többi országában éppen ellentétesen történik. Továbbá a magyar példák is igazolják, hogy a születésszám már azelőtt reagál a családok anyagi helyzetét befolyásoló hírekre, mielőtt a változások bekövetkeznének, azaz prociklikus változónak tekinthető a termékenység. A vizsgálatokat az EU jelenlegi 27 tagállama Eurostat adatbázisaiban hozzáférhető aggregált adatainak felhasználásával végeztük el.