bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Social Insurance in the Countries of the World and Prospects for Ukraine
Authors:   Research Centre of Industrial Problems of Development of NAS of Ukraine, Levanda O. M.
Published: December 2021

The article is aimed at denfining the perspective approaches and evaluating the feasibility of using the world experience of social, in particular pension, insurance in Ukraine. On the basis of the analytical approach, the essence and content of social insurance are considered. In particular, social insurance schemes were studied, among which are distiguished the following: social security that covers all workers and is controlled and funded by the State authorities; scheme for the employed population – includes the relationship between the employer and the employee, which are provided as part of the conditions of employment; individual insurance scheme – concluded solely on the initiative of the insurer. It is determined that common schemes against the background of the COVID-19 crisis among the countries of the world (including Ukraine) are assistance in case of illness, unemployment benefits, pensions and disability payments, health insurance provision, social insurance contributions. It is proved that social insurance performs a protective function for society against external risks. In particular, in the context of the spread of coronavirus infection, thanks to the social insurance system, the degree of impact of the COVID-19 crisis on the income of vulnerable groups at the expense of public policy programs has been reduced. The experience of countries around the world as to social insurance programs, including pension schemes is researched along with their further consideration, namely: schemes with defined contributions (DC); schemes managed by non-governmental institutions; notional defined contributions (NDC) schemes; schemes managed by the public administration sector; schemes of defined benefits (DB); hybrid schemes that combine the characteristics of DC and DB pension schemes; schemes administered by an autonomous pension fund. It is determined that pension schemes are being implemented within terms of three systems: solidarity, accumulation and hybrid. In general, the results of the research indicate that the management of the social insurance system in the countries of the world in general and in Ukraine in particular is carried out under regulatory and legal control by the State, which acts as a guarantor of protection of the population in the conditions of national peculiarities of the economy.
System Approach to the Formation and Functioning of Tourism and Recreation Business
Authors:   Mukachevo State Unіversity, Maksyutova O. V.
Published: December 2021

The article is aimed at studying system approaches to the formation and functioning of the tourism and recreation business. The economic and social importance of tourism and recreation business for the development of the national and regional economy is substantiated, for with the development of this business in Ukraine in general and in the regions are particularly connected the prospects for economic growth, solving social problems, improving the quality of life of the population, developing regions and improving the image of the country. The main levels of systems in the tourism and recreation business are defined, by which the ordered framework of management, executive, innovation activities directed towards improving and developing the tourism and recreation sphere should be understood. The following levels are distinguished for the study of tourism and recreation business: all-Ukrainian, regional, district, city and level of enterprises. Subsystems of tourism and recreation business are defined, in particular: tourism, recreational and logistic; their main elements are characterized. The most important tasks of the State and local authorities of tourism and recreation business management are outlined, which are the following: conducting marketing research that requires the involvement of a large number of experts; coordination of efforts of many organizations and associations; development of strategic national, regional and local conceptions for the development of tourism and recreation business with recommendations for their implementation for tourism and recreation enterprises; investment and legal support for the development of tourism and recreation infrastructure; consulting services on the implementation of concepts of development of tourism and recreation business; creating an attractive image of the country, region, tourism and recreation center; implementation of advertising events for purposes of public relations.
Determinants of Domestic Trade Development in Ukraine
Authors:   Mukachevo State Unіversity, Pugachevska K. Y. , Lyzanets A. H. ,   Mukachevo State Unіversity, Gomba M. V. ,   Mukachevo State Unіversity
Published: December 2021

Intensification of globalization processes and transition of economically developed countries to the post-industrial stage of development determine the modern vector of structural and institutional transformation of the domestic market as a whole and trade in particular. The article is aimed at estimating the determinants of the development of domestic trade in Ukraine. The indicators of internal trade development are analyzed. The regional structure of retail turnover of Ukraine is provided. The risks and threats of foreign trade liberalization for domestic producers are characterized. The share of imported food and non-food products sold through the trade network of enterprises is computed. The commodity structure of imports by wide economic categories is provided. The risks of growing import dependence of the Ukrainian economy in terms of goods for final and intermediate consumption are identified. It is substantiated that one of the important vectors of improving the efficiency of the national economy is structural changes in the sphere of domestic trade. The prospects for the development of domestic trade in Ukraine are generalized, including those caused by the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic. It is argued that the coronavirus crisis is one of the key challenges for business in modern conditions, covering all its aspects – from sectoral to global supply chains. The priority of digital transformation of enterprises in order to protect their own position from high technologies of competitors and the opportunity to take advantage of greater functionality of digital business models with their adaptability and performance is determined. It is substantiated that the processes of globalization in the context of the coronavirus crisis have slowed down, which can lead to significant changes in the structure of the market, affect the distribution of online and offline trading. The prospect of further research in this direction is the forecasting of challenges and threats of the post-pandemic development for the domestic market of Ukraine.
The Theoretical Fundamentals of Internal Audit
Authors:   Kyiv National University of Trade and Economics, Kopotiienko T. Y.
Published: December 2021

The relevance of the topic of the article is grounded upon that the introduction of internal audit into the practical activities of economic entities requires ensuring the proper theoretical basis of this process. According to the results of the research, it is proposed to define the essence of internal audit as a system created in the interests of the owner (co-owners) of a corporate formation, the meaning of which consists in the implementation of permanent, coherent activities by the authorized department as to valuation of the efficiency of administration of the economic activity of the enterprise by managers, provision of recommendations for its improvement, establishment of the reliability of accounting data and reporting indicators, assessment of the reliability of the applied systems of accountance, internal economic control of the enterprise, etc. by applying specially defined procedures. Such an approach specifies the initiator, the executor and the way of organizing internal audit. The purpose of internal audit is identified, which consists in information provision of the owner (co-owners) of the enterprise on the reliability of accounting and reporting of the enterprise, the level of efficiency of enterprise management by hired managers and the development of proposals for improving these processes. The formulated theoretical provisions of the internal audit in terms of identification of its essence, purpose, tasks, both initiator and executive entities will contribute to its division with other forms of control and will allow to form the basis for implementation in the practical activities of enterprises. The relationship between internal audit and internal control of an economic co-partnership is determined, according to which the latter represents a subject of internal audit. Prospects for further scientific research are the development of a methodology for internal audit of an economic entity on the basis of a risk-oriented approach.
International Monetary Fund and Its Impact on the Financial System of Ukraine
Authors:   Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Plieshakova N. А. , Lialkin O. S. ,   Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv
Published: December 2021

The proposed scientific article is devoted to the topical issue of the need for Ukraine’s cooperation with the International Monetary Fund. In the context of the growing socio-economic crisis phenomena in the world and taking into account the significant problems that have been taking place in the Ukrainian economy in recent years, it is advisable to assess the IMF’s impact on the financial system of Ukraine. The article is aimed at studying in-depth the key problems of Ukraine’s cooperation with the International Monetary Fund, covering the impact of loans granted to Ukraine from the IMF on the country’s financial system and developing possible directions and ways to ensure effective cooperation between Ukraine and the IMF for the future. In analyzing and generalizing the scientific papers of domestic and foreign scientists, the authors consider the views on strengthening the role of the International Monetary Fund, which is caused by the spread of COVID-19, analyze the key functions of the International Monetary Fund and criticism on the part of the IMF for servicing the economic and political interests of the countries that have the highest quota, and not those in need of financial assistance. The article considers the dynamics of Ukraine’s use of IMF credit programs, in particular: dynamics of borrowings and repayments by Ukraine of the borrowed resources from the IMF; credit programs within the framework of Ukraine’s cooperation with the IMF in 2014–2021; share of debt to the IMF in the external and total public debt of Ukraine; critical indicators of Ukraine’s public debt and economic consequences. Prospects for further research in this direction are finding ways to improve the debt policy strategy, as well as to implement a coherent strategy for managing the external public debt.
Actualization of the Use of the Cluster Model in the Innovative Development of the Economy of Ukraine
Authors:   Ukrainian Engineering and Pedagogical Academy, Yukhnov B. Y. , Korsakov D. O. ,   Ukrainian Engineering and Pedagogical Academy, Yukhman Y. V. ,   Lviv Polytechnic National University
Published: December 2021

Unfortunately, one of the main problems of the Ukrainian economy is the State’s inability to concentrate available resources on the main, promising directions and involve Ukrainian businesses, both large and medium-sized, into this process. Therefore, the creation and development of clusters as an element of an innovative model is necessary, and the study of the issue of their functioning is quite relevant. The article is aimed at further studying the processes of clustering in Ukraine. An attempt was made, based on the theoretical basis for the development of innovative processes, as well as coming from the worldwide and domestic experience of cluster formation and development, to give an own vision of the essence and classification of clusters, to determine their priority types for the Ukrainian economy, to offer certain cluster strategies and criteria for evaluating the efficiency of cluster formations. The results of the study are presented as follows. First, the authors’ own definition of the cluster as a voluntary association of geographically concentrated, independent economic entities and public authorities without the formation of a separate legal entity for joint activities in the field of entrepreneurship for the more effective use of resources and stimulation of innovative development is proposed. Secondly, on the basis of this definition, an appropriate classification of clusters has been developed. Thirdly, the order of formation of an innovative cluster is suggested, which should consist of several stages: emergence of the idea of the cluster and substantiation of the need to create it; defining the territory for the creation of the cluster based on the assessment of its competitive potential; formation of cluster management system; evaluation of the efficiency of its performance. At this, specific actions are recommended that must be taken at each stage. Fourth, assessments of the effectiveness of the cluster functioning under the conditions of using certain indicators are provided.
OPTIMIZATION OF PROSECUTORIAL SUPERVISION IN THE CONTEXT OF DIGITALIZATION OF CRIMINAL PROCEDURE
Authors: ПАПЫШЕВА Елена Сергеевна
Published: December 2021

The paper discusses the possibilities of digitalization of criminal procedure and its importance for optimizing prosecutorial supervision, including high-tech supervision. The development of digital technologies urgently requires not only legal changes, but also the rational use of artificial intelligence in criminal proceedings. Purpose: to determine the limits of the use of artificial intelligence in criminal proceedings and, in particular, prosecutorial supervision. Methods: the author uses empirical methods of comparison and description; theoretical methods of formal and dialectical logic. A special scientific legal-technical method is also applied. Results: The prosecutor’s access to the materials of the criminal case will make it possible to ensure the continuity of prosecutorial supervision and will enhance its efficiency. The use of software will be a factor preventing the gathering of evidence in violation of the Code of Criminal Procedure of the Russian Federation. It is proposed to use special methods of supporting public prosecution in specific types of criminal cases in the development of an artificial intelligence program.  Digital technologies can be used to analyze crimes, its causes and conditions, and to develop effective means of preventing it when the prosecutor exercises the function of coordinating the activities of law enforcement agencies in combating crime.
LEGAL INSTRUMENTS IN THE FIELD OF ENSURING THE ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY OF TRANSPORT ACTIVITIES IN THE MODEL LEGISLATION AND ACTS OF STATES – PARTICIPANTS OF THE COMMONWEALTH OF INDEPENDENT STATES
Authors: ХОТЬКО Ольга Александровна
Published: December 2021

The paper examines the essence of legislative support and the main elements of the legal mechanism for environmental protection and environmental safety in the implementation of transport activities in the territory of the Commonwealth of Independent States. The author reflects the different approaches of the member States of the integration association to the regulation of this sphere and the general trends of legislation with a view to identifying legal instruments to reduce the harmful effects of transport on the environment. Purpose: to analyze the model legislation of the Commonwealth of Independent States governing environmental protection and ensuring environmental safety and the acts adopted in the member states of the Commonwealth, taking into account the negative impact of transport activities on environmental protection in the context of the development of integration processes. Methods: the author uses the methods of analysis, comparison, systematization, interpretation of legal norms, formal-logical and prognostic, etc. Results: the tasks of ensuring the environmental safety of transport activities are formulated, which make it possible to demonstrate the need for the establishment of legal regulatory instruments in this area and contributing to their identification. The author concludes that there is a need to develop special documents on cooperation in the environmental safety of the Commonwealth member states, which will make it possible to define general guidelines for the creation and implementation of legal instruments to reduce transport harmful effects on the environment. It is argued that there is a need to bring the legal provisions closer together and to deepen positions on legal support in the area under study, taking into account a number of tasks that lead to integrated approaches.
Evaluation of the Changes in Mental Health State at the Beginning of COVID-19 in Hospital Personnel
Authors: Durat Gülgün , Oksal Hatice , Cincioğlu Emine , Tepe Çiğdem Şen
Published: December 2021

Objective: In the present study, it was aimed to determine the changes in the mental states of hospital personnel at the beginning of COVID-19 pandemic, and the factors affecting these changes.
Methods: The research sample consisted of 299 hospital personnel in Turkey, who could be reached with the online method. The data were collected using the “Information Form”, which was prepared in line with the literature and the pandemic process, “The Impact of Event Scale (IES)” and the “Depression-Anxiety-Stress Scale (DAS-21)”.
Results: It was found that the sociodemographic characteristics, medical history, and the characteristics related to COVID-19 were effective on the participants in terms of their mental states and the way they perceived traumatic experiences. According to the multiple linear regression analyses, it was found that hyper arousal and reexperiencing predicted stress, anxiety, and depression with a rate of 58.5%, 59.0% and 60.6%, respectively.
Conclusion: At the beginning of the pandemic, it was observed that the responses of frontline hospital employees to traumatic experiences affected their mental states. Psychiatric nurses should take an active role in the development and implementation of psychosocial support programs for hospital personnel.
Bangladesh J Medicine July 2022; 33(1) : 19-26
Frequency and Nature of Transfusion Related Adverse Reactions in Patients Admitted in A Tertiary Care Hospital
Authors: Islam Naylla , Amiruzzaman - , Uddin Khan Mohammad Ehasun , Chakrabarty Ashim , Arifuzzaman Md , Hossain Md Saddam , Noman Abdulla Al , Baroi Bhabananda , Bhowmik Goutom Chandra
Published: December 2021

Background:Transfusion of blood and blood products if employed safely, with intensive care can save manyvaluable lives. But a number of transfusion reactions may develop that are sometimesmore serious and life threatening.So this study was done to find out the most frequent and life threatening reactions that develop during transfusion.
Methods: A Cross sectional descriptive observational study was performed at a tertiary care centre. Patients of 18 years and older irrespective of sexes who received blood and blood products due to different reasons between April 2020 to September 2020 were included in this study. A total of 96 patients were included in the study.
Results:In thisstudy 11(11.5%) out of 96 patients had transfusion reactions of different types .Febrile non haemolytic reaction was the highest with 8 patients (8.33%),followed by Allergic reaction in 2 patients(2.08%) and Acute haemolytic transfusion reaction in 1 patient (1.04%).Among them 7(63.6%) reactions occurred with whole blood , 2(18.2%) reactions occurred with red cell concentrate and 1 reaction occurred with Apheresis platelet (9.1%) and fresh frozen plasma(9.1%).Statistically significant association was found between duration of storage of blood and transfusion reaction.
Conclusion: Febrile non haemolytic reaction was the commonest type of transfusion reaction found in this study and there was also statistically significant association between duration of storage of blood and transfusion reaction.
Bangladesh J Medicine July 2022; 33(1) : 27-33
Sociodemographic Profile and Co-morbid Symptoms among Individuals with Semen Loss
Authors: Maruf Mohammad Muntasir , Rahman Khan Muhammad Zillur , Jahan Nasim , Ahmed Ahsan Uddin , Sadiq Mohammad Shibli , Ferdush Rubaiyat
Published: December 2021

Background: Semen loss and associated problems, sometimes known as ‘Dhat syndrome’ or ‘Semen loss anxiety’, are found specially in the cultures of South Asian region including Bangladesh. The aim of this study was to assess the physical, psychological and sexual problems in the patients complaining semen loss.
Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted at the outpatient department of National Institute of Mental Health, Dhaka, Bangladesh. All the male patients (aged 18-60 years) with self-reported complaints of semen loss were included in the study. Within three months, data were collected from 95 respondents through face to face interview with a semistructured questionnaire. Data analysis was performed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 24.
Results: Mean age of the respondents was 23.7 (±5.1) years. Almost half (47.4%) of the respondents belonged to the age group of 21-30 years. Majority of them was Muslim (94.7%), married (54.7%), completed primary education (42.1%), currently unemployed (46.3%) and resided in urban area (87.4%), Most of the respondents complained of semen loss through urine (57.9%), followed by through night emission (18.9%) and masturbation (16.8%). All respondents complained more than one other symptom. Common physical symptoms were physical weakness (89.8%) and vertigo (50.5%), psychological symptoms were anxiety (49.8%) and depression (38.9%) and sexual symptoms were premature ejaculation (42.1%) and erectile dysfunction (31.6%).
Conclusion: There were various other physical, psychological and sexual problems among the patients with the complaints of semen loss. So, other symptoms should be considered and managed when dealing with these patients.
Bangladesh J Medicine July 2022; 33(1) : 64-69
Hizmet Kalitesinin Müşteri Sadakatine Etkisi: Su Sporları İşletmesi Müşterileri Üzerinde Bir Uygulama
Authors: Akbulut Gamze Nur , Yıldız Süleyman Murat
Published: December 2021

Bu çalışmanın amacı su sporları hizmeti sunan işletmelerdeki hizmet kalitesinin müşteri sadakatine olan etkisinin incelenmesidir. Çalışmanın verileri Muğla ilinde su sporları hizmeti sunan ticari işletmelerin müşterilerinden elde edilmiştir. Veri toplama araçları olarak; hizmet kalitesini ölçmek amacıyla Yıldız ve Kara (2012) tarafından geliştirilen QSport-14 Ölçeği, müşteri sadakatini ölçmek amacıyla Zeithaml, Berry ve Parasuraman (1996) tarafından geliştirilen Müşteri Sadakati Ölçeği kullanılmıştır. Bu çalışmadaki verilerin değerlendirilmesinde tanımlayıcı istatistik, geçerlik ve güvenirlik analizi, korelasyon ve hiyerarşik regresyon analizi kullanılmıştır. Analiz sonuçları hizmet kalitesinin müşteri sadakati üzerinde güçlü etkisinin olduğunu göstermiştir (β=0,713; p<0,01). Ayrıca hizmet kalitesinin üç alt boyutunun müşteri sadakatine olan etkisi ayrı ayrı incelenmiştir. Benzer şekilde personel (eğitmenler) (β=0,542; p<0,01), fiziksel özellikler (β=0,691; p<0,01) ve program (β=0,597; p<0,01) alt boyutları da müşteri sadakatini anlamlı ve pozitif olarak etkilemiştir. Bu sonuçlar hizmet kalitesinin müşteri sadakatini sağlamada önemli bir araç olduğunu ortaya koymuştur. Bu bağlamda bu çalışma işletme yöneticilerine belirli aralıklarla hizmet kalitesi ölçümlerini yapmalarını önermektedir. Böylece, ortaya çıkabilecek zayıf alanlar için iyileştirme ve gelişme fırsatı sağlanabilir.
Unilateral Facial Palsyin Guillain–Barré Syndrome, A Hyperreflexic Variant Case
Authors: Asghar Muhammad Sohaib , Tauseef Abubakar , Zafar Maryam , Anosh Ali Naqvi Syed , Rasheed Uzma , Shaikh Nimra , Akram Mohammed , Fayaz Basmah
Published: December 2021

Guillain–Barré syndrome (GBS) is a form of rapidly progressive, acute inflammatory demyelinating polyradiculopathy. Acute inflammatory demyelinating polyradiculopathy is the most common variant of GBS, especially in the western hemisphere. It is diagnosed without hesitation when it presents with its characteristic clinical features of ascending paralysis and areflexia. It is when an atypical presentation appears, with brisk or very brisk reflexes, that diagnosis becomes difficult. In this case, a patient who presented with progressive motor weakness, unilateral facial palsy, and hyperreflexia on examination is described in order to demonstrate a variant of GBS and its management. Keeping in mind that the management of the disease does not change with the variant, the diagnostic challenge that is put forward by those variants needs a focussed approach by physicians.
PROPOSALS FOR THE PROTECTION OF LAND FROM THE NEGATIVE IMPACT OF TECHNOGENIC MINERAL FORMATIONS
Authors:   Tula State University, Basova Irina A. , Prokhorov Dmitry O. ,   Tula State University, Pyankov Sergey V. ,   Perm State National Research University
Published: December 2021

The article considers the processes affecting the cadastral value of land plots, as a result of which occurs land contamination around technogenic mineral formations. The scale of the problem is shown on the example of the Tula region, where large volumes of waste rocks in the form of waste heaps remained on the surface as a legacy from the development of the Moscow Region coal basin. The article gives an assessment of the ways to reduce this pollution, reduce environmental risks, eliminates accumulated harm from the point of view of their environmental efficiency and economic feasibility, which will further increase the cadastral value of land plots located in the zone of influence of technogenic mineral formations. The article proposes a method for the conservation and isolation of man-made mineral formations, which ensures a more effective reduction of the negative impact on the surrounding lands, including the lands of settlements and agricultural lands
USE OF ARTIFICIAL NEURAL NETWORKS IN THE STATE CADASTRAL VALUATION OF LAND PLOTS
Authors:   Siberian State University of Geosystems and Technologies, Loseva Ekaterina N. ,   Novosibirsk State University of Economics and Management, Mitrofanova Natalia O. ,   Siberian State University of Geosystems and Technologies
Published: December 2021

At present, real estate cadastral valuation is carried out in large volumes and at regular intervals, which may reduce the objectivity and relevance of the results of such a valuation. In other words, the traditional cadastral valuations do not meet the current needs of society. The solution may be to use new techniques and technologies, such as neural networks. The automation of the cadastral valuation will reduce the estimation time, increase productivity and quality, and take into account all the individual characteristics of the property being evaluated. The subject of research is the calculation of the cadastral value of land plots using an artificial neural network. The object of this research is residential area land plots within the Novosibirsk boundaries which were divided into two segments: segment 2 "Residential constructions (mid-rise and high-rise)", segment 13 "Horticulture, low-rise residential con-structions". The tasks of the research: the determination of factors which influence the cadastral value of real estate and their differentiation; accumulation of up-to-date information about real estate; preparation of data for creation of artificial neural network. And as a result were revealed the basic and additional cost-affecting factors, which then were differentiated for further development of artifitial neural network capable of calculating the cadastral value in automated mode.
GEODETIC EXPERT EVIDENCE OF A BUILDING AFTER UNAUTHORISED RENOVATION IN THE CIRCUIT OF A SEPARATE ROOM
Authors:   Department of the Federal Service for State Registration, Cadastre and Cartography in the Novosibirsk Region, Parkhomenko Ivan V. , Parkhomenko Daria V. ,   Siberian State University of Geosystems and Technologies
Published: December 2021

In practice, in the courts, the question often arises about the need for a geodetic expert evidence in relation to buildings, unauthorized reconstruction of which was carried out in the contour of separate premises. On the one hand, the legislation indicates the need for such expert evidence, and on the other hand, the right holders of such a premises are perplexed why they should investigate the entire capital facilities if they have changed the parameters of only one premise. The article explains why such expert evidence is necessary. The unauthorized reconstruction in the contour of an individual residential building, as a result of which new rights objects are formed (residential or apartment buildings), also deserves special attention. This exceptional case is described in the article. In addition, the article describes technical aspects of the state cadastral registration of reconstructed buildings in the contour of individual rooms, and proposes a classification of reconstruction for these purposes. The authors propose a distinction between the cadastral registration of the formed and the changed object, the state cadastral registration of which is carried out as a result of reconstruction. Also, the article presents the author's algorithm for conducting geodetic expert evidence in relation to unauthorized reconstruction of a building, the room in which changed the outline of the building itself.
TRANSFORMATION OF SPATIAL DATA INTO THE STATE GEODETIC COORDINATE SYSTEM OF 2011 IN GIS SOFTWARE
Authors:   Siberian State University of Geosystems and Technologies, Obidenko Vladimir I. , Gorobtsov Sergey R. ,   Siberian State University of Geosystems and Technologies
Published: December 2021

The article describes the implementation of the coordinate transformation procedures in GIS (on the example MapInfo Professional) between the existing in the country coordinate systems (SC-42, SC-95, MCS, based on them) and SCS-2011, allowing the reader to learn how to calculate the parame-ters of Helmert transformations between these coordinate systems using GOST 32453-2017. The article notes the problem of the transformation accuracy on the global parameters established by GOST 32453-2017 and the resulting need to determine local versions of these parameters, leading to the creation of uncoordinated spatial data sets in GSK-2011, additional costs and complicating work of consumers. In order to solve this problem, it is proposed to consider the formulation of the task of transition to the implementation of cadastral work from coordinate systems based on SС-42 to MСS, created at SCS-2011, as an actual problem of improving the geodetic support of the country
VOLUME DEFORMATION VARIATIONS AND WELL-AQUIFER RESPONSE, ITS CONNECTION WITH GRAVITY MEASUREMENTS
Authors:   Trofimuk Institute of Petroleum Geology and Geophysics SB RAS, Timofeev Vladimir Yu. , Ardyukov Dmitriy G. ,   Trofimuk Institute of Petroleum Geology and Geophysics SB RAS, Timofeev Anton V. ,   Trofimuk Institute of Petroleum Geology and Geophysics SB RAS, Gornov Pavel Yu. ,   Kosigin Institute of Tectonics and Geophysics Far Eastern Branch of RAS, Stus Yurii F. ,   Institute of Automation and Electrometry SB RAS, Semibalamut Vladimir M. ,   Siberian Branch of the Federal Research Center "United Geophysical Service of the Russian Academy  of Sciences"
Published: December 2021

Precise gravity measurements at g0·10 -9 level requires taking into account density change, caused by the Earth’s crust deformation and the movement and position of the fluid in the layer. The paper presents analysis of water level observation in three boreholes situated at Primorie, at Kamchatka and at Baikal region. Water-level fluctuations were influenced by earth tides, barometric pressure, co-seismic effects and season precipitations. Water tidal signal was analyzed for calculations of level-strain coefficients, its values changed from 0.1 mm/10-9 to 1.6 mm/10-9. Gravity corrections were developed by volume variation. For borehole drilled at monolithic rock we used the phaselag effect for tidal strain and crack-system orientation was studied in Pribaikalie mountain valley. Longterm gravity results were tested with water level data at Talaya station (Pribaikalie). Talaya gravity point situated at monolithic rock had no influence from water level variation. Level-correction was less than absolute gravity measurement error. Quick coseismic effects of earthquakes are well registered by level measuring, deformation graphical and absolute gravimetric methods.
CALCULATION AND VISUALIZATION OF MAP ROUTES USING QGIS AND PGROUTING SOFTWARE
Authors:   Siberian State University of Geosystems and Technologies, Basargin Andrei A. , Bugakov Petr Yu. ,   Siberian State University of Geosystems and Technologies, Bugakova Tatyana Yu. ,   Siberian State University of Geosystems and Technologies
Published: December 2021

Recently, new tools have been created for working with geodata, which are used in various fields of human activity. Software for network analysis and routing solutions is of particular importance. The software product pgRouting is an example, distributed under the GPLv2 license. This program extends the capabilities of PostGIS / PostgreSQL geospatial databases. The article discusses the general principles of constructing routes on the graphs of the road network. It describes how to work with the geospatial database and the pgRouting software for building a route. The purpose of the work is to build a correct rout of a road graph in routing areas with a big number of objects and a poorly developed road network. The problem is solved by software pgRouting and QGIS on the basis of the Dijkstra shortest path algorithm, Johnson and Floyd-Warshall algorithms and allows you to solve the traveling salesman problem, and many others. The task is solved by means of software pgRouting и QGIS. As an experiment the article shows the solution for the task in which it is not enough to use only a road graph for building a correct route. Such situations may occur when routing the areas with a big number of objects and a poorly developed road network. In the process of the experiment described in the article it was found out that software pgRouting together with QGIS allows to rather effectively solve the task on calculation and visualization of the shortest route between two points on the map.
Teachers’ and Students’ Perceptions of the Effect of Cultural Background in the IELTS Listening Test
Authors: Rahman Mitib Altakhaineh Abdel
Published: December 2021

This study examined the effect of culturally-specific items on the performance of Arab candidates on the IELTS Listening Test. Using an online survey and focus-group discussions with 16 IELTS teachers and 32 IELTS candidates at Al Ain University in Abu Dhabi/the United Arab Emirates, the current study showed that the independent variable, i.e., ‘culture’ has a negative impact on the candidates’ performance. The results revealed that the most culturally-loaded section of the IELTS Listening Test is Section 1, followed by Section 2, Section 3 and Section 4, respectively. The results also demonstrated that the culturally-specific items included in the Listening Test had a negative effect on the candidates’ answers who were not aware of certain cultural aspects referenced in the test. The study concluded with some recommendations that aim to improve the cultural awareness of Arab candidates..
Supercapacitance/Resistance Behaviors of Helminth Eggs as Reliable Recognition and Direct Differentiation Probe
Authors: Shaali Ruhollah , Doroodmand Mohammad Mahdi , Moazeni Mohammad
Published: December 2021

Parasitic helminths are usually known as undesired pathogens, causing various diseases in both human and animal species. In this study, we explore supercapacitance/resistance behaviors as a novel probe for rapid identification and direct differentiation of Fasciola hepatica, Parascaris equorum (with and without larvae), Dicrocoelium dendriticum, Taenia multiceps, and Moniezia expansa eggs. This claim is attributed to some characteristics, such as grave supercapacitance/area, high-energy storage/area, large power/egg, huge permittivity, and great electrical break-down potential, respectively (Fasciola hepatica: 2,158, 0.485, 2.7 × 10–3, 267, 52.6, Parascaris equorum without larvae: 2,825, 0.574, 3.0 × 10–3, 351, 68.4, Parascaris equorum with larvae: 4,519, 0.716, 2.4 × 10–3, 1.96, 97.6, Dicrocoelium dendriticum: 1,581, 0.219, 2.8 × 10–3, 1.96, 48.8, Moniezia expansa: 714, 0.149, 2.2 × 10–3, 0.88, 35.2, Taenia multiceps: 3,738, 0.619, 4.7 × 10–3, 4.63, 84.4), and durable capacitance up to at least 15,000 sequential cycles at different scan rates (between 2.0 × 10−4 and 120.0 V s−1) as well as highly differentiated resistance between 400 and 600 Ω. These traits are measured by the “Blind Patch-Clamp” method, at the giga ohm sealed condition (6.18 ± 0.12 GΩ cm−1, n = 5). Significant detection ranges are detected for each capacitance and resistance with gradient limits as large as at least 880 to 1,000 mF and 400 to 600 Ω depending on the type of helminth egg. The effect of water in the structure of helminth eggs has also been investigated with acceptable reproducibility (RSD 7%–10%, n = 5). These intrinsic characteristics would provide novel facilitators for direct helminth egg identification in comparison with several methods, such as ELISA, PCR, and microscopic methods.
CREM Is Correlated With Immune-Suppressive Microenvironment and Predicts Poor Prognosis in Gastric Adenocarcinoma
Authors: Yu Kuai , Kuang Linju , Fu Tianmei , Zhang Congkai , Zhou Yuru , Zhu Chao , Zhang Qian , Zhang Zhanglin , Le Aiping
Published: December 2021

The transcriptional repressor cAMP response element modulator (CREM) has an important role in T-cell development. In this study, we used the integrated Bioinformatics Methods to explore the role of CREM in gastric adenocarcinoma (GAC). Our results showed that high CREM expression was closely related with poorer overall survival in GAC. By GSEA cluster analysis, we found that the high expression of CREM was associated with the cancer-associated pathway in GAC. Moreover, single-cell sequencing data showed that CREM is mainly localized in exhausted CD8+ T cells. Its prognostic value and the potential function lead to T-cell exhaustion in the tumor microenvironment (TME). Similar results were also obtained in glioma and lung cancer. High expression of CREM, correlated with clinical relevance of GAC, was associated with T-cell exhaustion and M2 polarization in GAC. These findings suggest that CREM can be used as a prognostic biomarker in GAC, which might provide a novel direction to explore the pathogenesis of GAC.
Identification of Therapeutic Targets and Prognostic Biomarkers Among Chemokine (C-C Motif) Ligands in the Liver Hepatocellular Carcinoma Microenvironment
Authors: Jiang Zhongyi , Xing Changchang , Wang Pusen , Liu Xueni , Zhong Lin
Published: December 2021

Background: Liver hepatocellular carcinoma (LIHC) is the third leading cause of cancer-related death and the sixth most common solid tumor worldwide. In the tumor microenvironment, the cross-talk between cancer cells, immune cells, and stromal cells exerts significant effects on neoplasia and tumor development and is modulated in part by chemokines. Chemokine (C-C motif) ligands (CCL) can directly target tumor cells and stromal cells, and they have been shown to regulate tumor cell proliferation, cancer stem-like cell properties, cancer invasiveness and metastasis, which directly and indirectly affect tumor immunity and influence cancer progression, therapy and patient outcomes. However, the prognostic values of chemokines CCL in LIHC have not been clarified.

Methods: In this study, we comprehensively analyzed the relationship between transcriptional chemokines CCL and disease progression of LIHC using the ONCOMINE dataset, GEPIA, UALCAN, STRING, WebGestalt, GeneMANIA, TRRUST, DAVID 6.8, LinkedOmics, TIMER, GSCALite, and Open Targets. We validated the protein levels of chemokines CCL through western blot and immunohistochemistry.

Results: The transcriptional levels of CCL5/8/11/13/15/18/20/21/25/26/27/28 in LIHC tissues were significantly elevated while CCL2/3/4/14/23/24 were significantly reduced. A significant correlation was found between the expression of CCL14/25 and the pathological stage of LIHC patients. LIHC patients with low transcriptional levels of CCL14/21 were associated with a significantly poor prognosis. The functions of differentially expressed chemokines CCL were primarily related to the chemokine signaling pathway, cytokine–cytokine receptor interactions, and TNF-α signaling pathway. Our data suggested that RELA/REL, NFKB1, STAT1/3/6, IRF3, SPI1, and JUN were key transcription factors for chemokines CCL. We found significant correlations among the expression of chemokines CCL and the infiltration of six types of immune cells (B cells, CD8+ T cells, CD4+ T cells, macrophages, neutrophils, and dendritic cells) and immune checkpoints (PD-1. PD-L1, and CTLA-4). The western blot and immunohistochemistry results showed that protein expression levels of CCL5 and CCL20 were upregulated in LIHC. CCL5 and CCL20 were significantly correlated with the clinical outcome of patients with LIHC, and could be negatively regulated by some drugs or small molecules.

Conclusions: Our results may provide novel insights for the potential suitable targets of immunological therapy and prognostic biomarkers for LIHC.
Heterogeneity in the Epigenetic Landscape of Murine Testis-Specific Histone Variants TH2A and TH2B Sharing the Same Bi-Directional Promoter
Authors: Singh Isha , Parte Priyanka
Published: December 2021

Testis-specific histone variants are crucial to promote open chromatin structure to enable nucleosome disassembly in the final stages of spermiogenesis. However, even after histone replacement, mature sperm retain a proportion of these variants, the function of which is unknown. The present study aimed to understand the functional relevance of the retained H2B and H2A variants, TH2B and TH2A. While no literature is available on the phenotype of TH2A knockouts, TH2B/TH2A double knockout male mice are reported to be infertile. In this study, ChIP-seq analysis was done for TH2B and TH2A to understand the epigenomics of the retained TH2B and TH2A, using murine caudal sperm. Distribution across genomic partitions revealed ∼35% of the TH2B peaks within ±5 kb of TSS whereas TH2A peaks distribution was sparse at TSS. Gene Ontology revealed embryo development as the most significant term associated with TH2B. Also, based on genomic regions, TH2B was observed to be associated with spindle assembly and various meiosis-specific genes, which is an important finding as TH2A/TH2B DKO mice have been reported to have defective cohesin release. A comparison of mouse and human TH2B-linked chromatin revealed 26% overlap between murine and human TH2B-associated genes. This overlap included genes crucial for embryogenesis. Most importantly, heterogeneity in the epigenetic landscape of TH2A and TH2B was seen, which is intriguing as TH2B and TH2A are well reported to be present in the same nucleosomes to promote open chromatin. Additionally, unlike TH2B, TH2A was enriched on the mitochondrial chromosome. TH2A was found to be associated with Nuclear insertion of Mitochondrial DNA sequences (NUMTs) in sperm. A comprehensive analysis of these observations indicates novel functions for the sperm-retained TH2B and TH2A.
Chromatin Landscape Dynamics in the Early Development of the Plant Parasitic Nematode Meloidogyne incognita
Authors: Hassanaly-Goulamhoussen Rahim , De Carvalho Augusto Ronaldo , Marteu-Garello Nathalie , Péré Arthur , Favery Bruno , Da Rocha Martine , Danchin Etienne G. J. , Abad Pierre , Grunau Christoph , Perfus-Barbeoch Laetitia
Published: December 2021

In model organisms, epigenome dynamics underlies a plethora of biological processes. The role of epigenetic modifications in development and parasitism in nematode pests remains unknown. The root-knot nematode Meloidogyne incognita adapts rapidly to unfavorable conditions, despite its asexual reproduction. However, the mechanisms underlying this remarkable plasticity and their potential impact on gene expression remain unknown. This study provides the first insight into contribution of epigenetic mechanisms to this plasticity, by studying histone modifications in M. incognita. The distribution of five histone modifications revealed the existence of strong epigenetic signatures, similar to those found in the model nematode Caenorhabditis elegans. We investigated their impact on chromatin structure and their distribution relative to transposable elements (TE) loci. We assessed the influence of the chromatin landscape on gene expression at two developmental stages: eggs, and pre-parasitic juveniles. H3K4me3 histone modification was strongly correlated with high levels of expression for protein-coding genes implicated in stage-specific processes during M. incognita development. We provided new insights in the dynamic regulation of parasitism genes kept under histone modifications silencing. In this pioneering study, we establish a comprehensive framework for the importance of epigenetic mechanisms in the regulation of the genome expression and its stability in plant-parasitic nematodes.
Exploration of Lung Cancer-Related Genetic Factors via Mendelian Randomization Method Based on Genomic and Transcriptomic Summarized Data
Authors: Cheng Nitao , Cui Xinran , Chen Chen , Li Changsheng , Huang Jingyu
Published: December 2021

Lung carcinoma is one of the most deadly malignant tumors in mankind. With the rising incidence of lung cancer, searching for the high effective cures become more and more imperative. There has been sufficient research evidence that living habits and situations such as smoking and air pollution are associated with an increased risk of lung cancer. Simultaneously, the influence of individual genetic susceptibility on lung carcinoma morbidity has been confirmed, and a growing body of evidence has been accumulated on the relationship between various risk factors and the risk of different pathological types of lung cancer. Additionally, the analyses from many large-scale cancer registries have shown a degree of familial aggregation of lung cancer. To explore lung cancer-related genetic factors, Genome-Wide Association Studies (GWAS) have been used to identify several lung cancer susceptibility sites and have been widely validated. However, the biological mechanism behind the impact of these site mutations on lung cancer remains unclear. Therefore, this study applied the Summary data-based Mendelian Randomization (SMR) model through the integration of two GWAS datasets and four expression Quantitative Trait Loci (eQTL) datasets to identify susceptibility genes. Using this strategy, we found ten of Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms (SNPs) sites that affect the occurrence and development of lung tumors by regulating the expression of seven genes. Further analysis of the signaling pathway about these genes not only provides important clues to explain the pathogenesis of lung cancer but also has critical significance for the diagnosis and treatment of lung cancer.
Research Progress of Gas Sensing Performance of 2D Hexagonal WO3
Authors: Li Yueqi , Zhou Qin , Ding Shoubing , Wu Zhimin
Published: December 2021

Metal oxide semiconductor gas sensing materials have attracted great research interest in the gas sensor field due to their outstanding physical and chemical properties, low cost, and easy preparation. Among them, two-dimensional hexagonal tungsten trioxide (2D h-WO3) is especially interesting because of its high sensitivity and selectivity to some gases. We firstly introduce the characteristics of 2D h-WO3 gas sensing materials and discuss the effects of microstructure, oxygen vacancy, and doping modification on the gas sensing properties of 2D h-WO3 mainly. Finally, we explore the application of 2D h-WO3 gas sensing materials and propose some research directions.