bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Saving Scarce Species from Extinction through Free Enterprise
Authors: Edgar Leith
Published: May 2024

Clearly defined private property rights allow owners to calculate their profits and losses. Ownership, therefore, enables the rational allocation of scarce capital toward profitable ends. Production of biological organisms are not exceptions to economic calculation. If the present prohibitions on the mass production of rare living creatures were repealed, profit-seeking entrepreneurs might choose to mass produce so-called endangered species on a competitive market. Naturally, some of the resulting non-human, living pieces of private property might well trespass, attack, and predate on the properties of other enviropreneurs. Staving off extinctions through a free-market approach to declining biodiversity would require a new legal framework. Indeed, well-defined property rights in privately owned fauna and flora would become an essential lynchpin in the legalized market of rare animal and plant production. The author offers some starting points toward a laissez faire capitalist structure of property rights principles under the law to increase incentives toward greater production of commodifiable species.
El delito nefando: maridos sodomitas en Puente Real, Nueva Granada, 1800
Authors: Mahecha Jaimes Sergio L.
Published: May 2024

En el periodo colonial de la Nueva Granada, la práctica sodomita era una afrenta directa contra el rey y contra Dios mismo. Fueron copiosos los debates sobre la representación del coito por vía anal o entre personas del mismo sexo. El presente libro aborda el estudio de un caso desarrollado a inicios del siglo XIX en Puente Real, provincia de Vélez, en el que dos mujeres confesaron ante un sacerdote los vicios y excesos que sus respectivos maridos cometían con sus criados. El rumor fue creciendo a tal punto de llegar a oídos de las autoridades e iniciar un proceso contra los acusados. Este texto hace una reflexión sobre las representaciones que los religiosos y oficiales construyeron sobre la sodomía y cómo estas i nfluían en la forma como se perseguía y castigaba tal práctica. De este modo, en esta obra encuentran un aporte significativo al debate académico en torno a la historia de la sexualidad y de las emociones.
Análisis jurisprudencial comparado sobre el rol de la justicia indígena en casos de trata de personas
Authors: Parra Cortés Lina Victoria
Published: May 2024

El presente documento tiene como hilo conductor el estudio del rol de la justicia indígena en el derecho penal como una de las posibilidades para la sanción, y en lo posible prevención, del delito de trata de personas cuando involucre a personas indígenas, esto teniendo en cuenta que el combate de dicho delito requiere nuevas alternativas y políticas criminales que miren de nuevo a las realidades nacionales.
Apocalipsis: entre la muerte y la deshumanización
Authors: Arrieta Lago Valeria Salomé , Buitrago Cardona Paola Andrea
Published: May 2024

En este trabajo, analizaremos un dilema moral basado en la novela The Road, de Cormac McCarthy. La historia se inscribe en un contexto posapocalíptico, donde un padre y su hijo se enfrentan a situaciones desafiantes y peligrosas. Consideramos que los discursos y narrativas son muy importantes en la sensibilización y en la identificación con el otro. Y, para no perder la riqueza y variedad de un dilema hipotético, que se nos presenta alejado a nuestro tiempo y espacio (Meza, 2008), decidimos relatarlo de forma literaria. Así, esperamos que el lector se vincule emocionalmente con los personajes y evalúe el dilema moral desde una perspectiva distinta.
Comunidad medieval: vínculos, identidad y reconstrucción histórica en Pendragón, aldea medieval de Bogotá
Authors: Castillo Montañez Laura Camila , Mercado Hernández Rafael Andrel
Published: May 2024

La aldea medieval de Pendragón es el único grupo de reconstrucción histórica medieval de Bogotá. Mediante la iniciativa de constituirse como Museo Vivo, representa una asociación local surgida en la ciudad que busca difundir el conocimiento sobre la Edad Media, por medio de una actividad académica que ha adquirido visibilidad. Este proyecto se pone en marcha a través de un proceso de reconstrucción histórica individual que parte de los intereses de los miembros, pero que se construye colectivamente. Al buscar indagar el sentido de comunidad del grupo, este trabajo tiene la intención de abordar los vínculos individuales y grupales que surgen alrededor de los intereses de investigación de los miembros sobre esta época, los cuales trascienden en relaciones de amistad, compañerismo y pertenencia. En el presente trabajo, se muestran los resultados del ejercicio de la reconstrucción histórica elaborado por algunos integrantes de Pendragón, así como la manera en que se ha construido una identidad medieval alrededor del interés académico por entender el modo de vida y las costumbres características del período medieval.
El humedal y sus voces: el lugar donde emerge un Estado ambivalente
Authors: Galvis Malagón María
Published: May 2024

El humedal La Conejera se vio envuelto en una coyuntura política y pública originada por el proyecto de una construcción de viviendas llamado Reserva Fontanar, el cual se está erigiendo en un área que colinda con los límites de este ecosistema. Ante esto, varios integrantes de la comunidad de Suba y ambientalistas de otras zonas de Bogotá se unieron para formar un campamento protesta e impedir que se desarrollara el proyecto. Este artículo surge de una investigación etnográfica que hice dentro del campamento. Quisiera mostrar cómo dos grupos de actores —la comunidad que protesta y el Estado— generaron una serie de estrategias para definir qué es el humedal. En medio de estas definiciones en disputa, entre la comunidad local emergió una noción ambivalente sobre lo que significa el Estado. Esta ambivalencia radica en que el Estado emerge, por un lado, como un actor que siempre está presente, pues se con- vierte en una amenaza constante de desalojo, y en el único canal para definir el futuro del humedal. Y, por otro lado, surge como un ente lejano, incapaz de captar las razones por las que la gente lucha, y estableciendo mecanismos concretos para separarse de la sociedad; como veremos, estos mismos mecanismos de separación son los que van a legitimar su poder. Finalmente, haré énfasis en una de las formas en que se materializan las tensiones entre las diferentes lecturas que se dan alrededor del humedal, y es en el uso y la noción que se tiene sobre la violencia.
La fuerza del argumento
Authors: Ortiz Aldana Sharon Valeria , Sereno Contreras Paola Andrea
Published: May 2024

El propósito de este ensayo es responder a la solicitud realizada por el Comité de Escogencia a nuestra firma de profesionales jurídicos especializados en argumentación, para poderlos asesorar y guiar en el proceso de selección de los candidatos idóneos para conformar el Sistema Integral de Verdad, Justicia, Reparación y No Repetición. Estos tendrán en sus manos la responsabilidad de llevar a cabo los distintos procesos para el debido cumplimiento de los objetivos propuestos en el Acuerdo Final para la Terminación del Conflicto Armado y la Construcción de una Paz Estable y Duradera.
De 80 estudiantes por semestre a más de 144 000 MOOC Sexualidad… mucho más que sexo
Authors: Rojas Martínez Ángela María
Published: May 2024

El presente capítulo describe qué es un MOOC y cuáles son sus principales características, su importancia y las claves para divulgar efectivamente el conocimiento académico a través de dicha estrategia, así como sus alcances, limitaciones y retos, todo ello, a través del análisis de la experiencia del MOOC Sexualidad… mucho más que sexo
Innovación y transformación digital: dos formas de gestión del conocimiento
Authors: Anzola David , Gómez Cruz Nelson Alfonso
Published: May 2024

Este capítulo se centra en evidenciar que, si el objetivo es incorporar de manera sistemática tecnologías digitales para soportar actividades de innovación, la conexión entre la innovación y la transformación digital debe ser explorada desde el punto de vista de cómo las dos pueden ser entendidas, en últimas, como actividades de gestión de conocimiento. A continuación, se exponen cinco tesis que, en conjunto, desarrollan los argumentos que dan forma a esta afirmación.
Formación para el trabajo de jóvenes y adultos
Authors: Bowman Maria Alejandra
Published: May 2024

Este texto recoge hallazgos de una investigación cualitativa de corte etnográfico que estudia las vinculaciones políticas e institucionales entre la educación de jóvenes y adultos y la formación para el trabajo en la ciudad de Chilecito, provincia de La Rioja, Argentina.
El articulo aborda como tema central la formación laboral orientada a jóvenes y adultos que no han finalizado la escolaridad obligatoria. En primer lugar, desarrolla los vaivenes de las articulaciones entre educación y trabajo desde las políticas públicas nacionales producidas en las últimas décadas en la Argentina. En segundo lugar, se enfoca en las agendas que las universidades públicas han construido para atender demandas y necesidades de la población trabajadora. Finalmente, el artículo se detiene -específicamente- en el Programa Universitario de Oficios y de Formación Técnico-Profesional implementado, desde el año 2022, en la Universidad Nacional de Chilecito. Se trata de una experiencia con anclaje comunitario dirigida a diseñar, organizar e implementar un dispositivo de formación para el trabajo sobre la base de necesidades productivas y demandas formativas relevadas localmente, que atienda a las dificultades de inclusión sociolaboral de las personas trabajadoras.
Empowering advanced clinical practitioners in managing acute dermatological emergencies
Authors: Hazim Alsararatee Hasan
Published: May 2024

Advanced clinical practitioners (ACPs) encounter patients with acute dermatological presentations ranging from minor to life-threatening conditions in both primary and secondary care settings. However, ACPs often feel unprepared to assess and treat patients with dermatological emergencies. This article aims to provide guidance to trainee and qualified ACPs, whether in acute hospital settings or primary care, in understanding the essential aspects to consider when consulting with patients presenting with acute dermatological emergencies. It also emphasises appropriate referrals to relevant specialties for necessary inpatient or outpatient investigations and ensure prompt treatment.
Trainee ANPs' experiences of having a clinical practice facilitator introduced into a Hospital at Night team
Authors: Creighton-Carr Paul , Faichney Lynsey
Published: May 2024

Background:

The role of the advanced nurse practitioner (ANP) within Hospital at Night (H@N) teams has emerged in line with the demands of the service and the needs of patients in the out-of-hours period. The majority of ANPs with H@N teams are recruited as trainees. There is a high volume of trainees needing support against a low number of experienced ANPs. Introduction of the clinical practice facilitator (CPF) role is one way of addressing these issues. Within this evaluative study of one H@N service, the CPFs are experienced ANPs who have received additional training in the delivery of practice assessment and learner feedback.

Aim:

To explore the experiences and perceptions of those trainee ANPs who have had or are currently receiving support and supervision from the CPFs in an H@N service in one Scottish NHS health board.

Method:

The CPFs undertook a service evaluation following introduction of the role. Purposive sampling was undertaken whereby a descriptive questionnaire was sent to 22 eligible participants.

Results:

16 questionnaires were returned. Qualitative data from the questionnaire generated several themes from the participants' responses: validation of competencies, supporting wellbeing, accessibility of support, designated prescribing practitioner role and support post-qualification.

Conclusions:

CPFs are ideally placed to meet the required needs of trainees. Organisational commitment is key to ensuring ANPs are in optimal positions to provide support and supervision for the next generation of trainees.
The emotional boundary seesaw model to help cancer clinical nurse specialists work with patients who challenge them
Authors: Lorentz Ian
Published: May 2024

Receiving a diagnosis of cancer and receiving treatment can be physically and psychologically onerous for cancer patients. Alongside their nursing skills, cancer clinical nurse specialists (CCNSs) are trained to provide psychological support, assessment and intervention following a cancer diagnosis. Mental health specialists, usually clinical psychologists, provide clinical supervision to CCNSs to support them with this. One of the regular themes that comes up in clinical supervision with CCNSs is how to maintain a supportive and therapeutic relationship with ‘challenging’ patients. These patients may be considered challenging because they are inconsistent, demanding or ambivalent about their care, which puts a strain on the relationship with their CCNS. By using the emotional seesaw model to reflect on and attend to the emotional boundaries of the relationship, within clinical supervision, these challenging relationships can be understood and managed, and better outcomes for the patient can be achieved.
Spotting abuse
Authors: Bell Sophie
Published: May 2024

New data from the NSPCC shows child cruelty crimes against children aged 0-five have increased by 16 per cent on pre-pandemic levels. Sophie Bell, associate head of Development at the NSPCC, shares advice on what to look out for and how to respond to signs that a baby or young child is being abused and neglected.
Triage: is it safe to wait?
Authors: Ho-Le Sara
Published: May 2024

Triage is a systematic approach to categorising veterinary patients to ensure that the most emergent are seen first. Triaging a patient begins by obtaining a capsule history from the owner and performing a triage survey. This involves rapid assessment of the patient's perfusion parameters, and the purpose is to identify life-threatening abnormalities. Patients with life-threatening abnormalities should be immediately taken to the treatment area for assessment. A primary survey is then performed, which, in addition to physical examination, may also include point-of-care diagnostics. Life-saving interventions and therapies are administered during the primary survey to preserve the life of the patient. Once the patient has been stabilised, the veterinarian can perform a secondary survey, which involves a full physical assessment of the patient and obtaining a detailed history from the owner.
Filling the gaps: surveys in extreme habitats within an underexplored territory rapidly increase the knowledge on the distribution of nocturnal Lepidoptera in South Italy
Authors: RIJLLO GIUSEPPE , CAVA SARA LA , ZUCCO GIADA , SCALERCIO STEFANO
Published: May 2024

The availability of data regarding local and regional biodiversity inventories are gaining an increasing importance because of the lack of basic knowledge makes difficult to study ecological dynamics promoted by environmental and climatic changes. In this paper we demonstrate that to prioritize the exploration of extreme habitats within underexplored territories accelerate the filling of faunistic gaps. We investigated the fauna of Lepidoptera of two areas in southern Italy characterized by extreme habitats: the Calanchi del Marchesato and the mouth of the Neto River, both located in the Calabria region, Crotone province, a territory with scarce and occasional faunistic investigations. After only one year of monthly surveys, we found 22 species of biogeographical interest at both national and regional levels. Eupithecia lentiscata was discovered in the Italian peninsula for the first time, previously recorded only in Sardinia so far, and E. phoeniceata was found for the first time in southern part of continental territory, being known in Italy only for Tuscany, Umbria, Latium, Abruzzo, and Sicily. Seven more species are new for the regional fauna. Furthermore, we also found seven abundant populations of usually rare species, and six more species were confirmed as rare at regional level. For any of these species we provided a measure of filled gaps. These results, also improved the knowledge concerning two Natura 2000 sites, providing insights on their management. To maximise results minimising field efforts and costs, it is very important to carefully select the study areas.
Introduction
Authors: Carter Katlyn Marie
Published: May 2024

The Introduction lays out the premise of the book. Transparency came to be considered fundamental to representative government in the Age of Revolutions, a period of political tumult starting in the late eighteenth century. In practice though, this belief was at odds with reality. Despite the loudly professed emphasis on transparency, or publicity, as contemporaries called it, it was the use of secrecy that secured the legitimacy of newly created representative democracies across the Atlantic World. Ironically, commitments to transparency in the governments born of the American and French revolutions often resulted in losses of public trust and instability. When elected officials in the early United States and revolutionary France made claims to speak for the people, the use of secrecy actually strengthened those claims by deferring popular disagreement to after the promulgation of constitutions and the passage of laws rather than during the deliberative process. The very meaning of democracy was changed in the process. The term was vacated of its more participatory connotations to assume its modern definition as a system of representation.
Zionism’s Wayward Son
Authors: Levin Geoffrey
Published: May 2024

Even before the 1948 war ended, a small number of American Jews worked to alleviate the pain of Palestinian displacement, yet in the years that followed, even meager philanthropic aid to refugees would meet stiff Israeli resistance. Chapter 1 reveals this dynamic by recovering the story of Don Peretz. Peretz covered the 1948 war as a journalist and in 1949 became the first American Jew to volunteer to aid Palestinian refugees. He then wrote a doctoral dissertation on the Palestinian refugee problem, becoming a leading academic expert on the topic. In 1956, the non-Zionist American Jewish Committee (AJC) hired Peretz to put together a Palestinian refugee aid initiative, as the organization felt that American Christian groups expected Jews to help address the Palestinian plight. This chapter reveals how Israeli diplomats, blindsided by the initiative, intervened and undermined the effort. Viewing Peretz’s work as a threat to Israel’s diplomatic goals, Israeli officials pushed the AJC to fire Peretz. This analysis of Peretz’s treatment highlights how Israeli leaders viewed American Jewish organizational support as essential to their efforts to shape perceptions of the Palestinian refugee question.
Anti-Zionists for Israel
Authors: Levin Geoffrey
Published: May 2024

By the early 1960s, one Jewish organization stood out as an advocate for Palestinian refugees: the American Council for Judaism, an explicitly anti-Zionist organization. Founded in 1942 by a group of Reform rabbis unsettled by their denomination’s endorsement of Zionist aims, the Council opposed Jewish nationalism on the basis that Jews were solely a religious group, fearing that Zionism threatened to divide American Jews’ loyalty to America. While Council director Rabbi Elmer Berger in the 1950s grew increasingly sympathetic to Palestinians through his ties to Sayegh and AFME, other Council leaders were actively wooed by Israeli officials. Israeli documents show its government’s efforts to win over the likes of Council president Lessing Rosenwald, who met with Prime Minister Ben-Gurion and was befriended by his secretary Teddy Kollek. In part due to this concerted Israeli effort, Rosenwald and others came to feel that while the Council should be anti-Zionist, it should not be anti-Israel or pro-Arab. When Berger harshly and publicly criticized Israel after the 1967 war, the Rosenwald faction ejected him from the organization. The Council then halted its activism on behalf of the Palestinians, marking a temporary end to organized American Jewish efforts to advocate for Palestinian rights.
Zionists for Palestine
Authors: Levin Geoffrey
Published: May 2024

The 1967 war shed new light onto the Palestinian problem, leading to the creation of a new group in 1973. Called Breira: A Project of Concern in Diaspora-Israel Relations, it became the first national American Jewish organization to endorse the creation of a Palestinian state alongside Israel. The chapter shows how political currents emanating from Israel brought about Breira’s rise, and later, its fall. Breira’s young American Jewish founders had spent time in Israel, where encounters with occupied Palestinians and inspiration from Israeli peace activists led them to conclude that Palestinian self-determination served Israel’s long-term interests. Once founded, Breira championed the pro-peace Israeli Council for Israeli-Palestinian Peace, led by Israeli General Matti Peled, who in 1976 negotiated with moderate members of the Palestine Liberation Organization (PLO). Following Peled’s lead, two Breira members met with those same PLO moderates. Israeli officials leaked a report from that meeting, forcing Breira to defend itself and the PLO meeting and eliciting a crisis from which the organization would never recover. American Jewish communal leaders now took a clear stand on even self-identified Zionist support for Palestinian rights, seeing it as counter to Jewish safety and Jewish life in Israel and across the world.
Conclusion: Diaspora and Dissent
Authors: Levin Geoffrey
Published: May 2024

The conclusion returns to Don Peretz to connect him with American Jewish activists today, putting the stories in the rest of the book in dialogue with contemporary advocacy for the Palestinians. Despite Peretz’s distinctiveness within his own generation, his story is recalled as an archetype for the trajectories of many American Jews who came after him. Drawn to Israel/Palestine by his Jewishness and deep connection to the land, Peretz encountered Palestinians as real human beings. He and others highlighted in the book felt inspired by their contacts with peace-seeking Israelis and Palestinians yet felt frustrated by their inability to influence mainstream Jewish opinion on these crucial issues. Israeli officials and American Zionists sometimes worked to undermine these voices. Yet as the Palestinian question marches forward unaddressed, the circle of American Jews critiquing Israeli policies has grown larger and larger. Rather than being a countercurrent in American Jewish politics, Palestinian rights advocacy has become a realm of Jewish politics in and of itself, and despite enduring uproars over it, it will only define the transnational relationship between Jews even more so as time goes on.
Male Manakins Are Made to Snap
Authors: Schlinger Barney A.
Published: May 2024

The mechanics of making loud wingsnapping sounds involve specializations of the male manakin’s wing bones and muscles. Avian wing bones are described as well as micro-CT studies of manakin wings that show the radius of wingsnapping birds to be flattened relative to the rounded radius of other birds. Manacus radius bones are also mostly solid as compared to the radius of other birds with a mostly hollow radius. EMG recordings of male golden-collared manakins producing wingsnaps show that the dorsal scapulohumeralis (SH) muscle contracts rapidly and powerfully to pull the wings together to create the snap. This muscle is enlarged in male manakins relative to other birds. This muscle in male manakins was also shown by biochemical and physiologic measures to be a “superfast” muscle. Other manakin specializations that assist the production of courtship postures and sounds associated with their lek mating system are described.
Behavioral Endocrinology and Vertebrate Sex Differences
Authors: Schlinger Barney A.
Published: May 2024

Basic principles of endocrinology, sex determination, and sexual differentiation underlie many facets of manakin biology: hormones, which, coordinate the functions of multiple organ systems: steroids, which play a special role in regulating reproductive processes, including behavior; tissues, which can be involved in regulating complex molecular events within cells. In some cases, hormonal exposure leads to sex-specific phenotypes. The sexes differentiate early in fetal development based, at least in mammals and birds, on chromosomal composition. Sex-specific chromosomes then guide gonadal development, and the gonads secrete hormones, including steroids, to guide the formation of anatomical features appropriate for the gonad that is present. Some tissues do develop sexual phenotypes independent of hormones likely owing to the action of the sex chromosomes present in cells of that tissue. This latter mechanism is easily observed in birds called gynandromorphs that are laterally sexually dimorphic.
Over the Hump
Authors: Sayen Jamie
Published: May 2024

Timber has always been a mainstay of northern New England’s economy. After the Revolutionary War, Massachusetts and Maine sold off unsettled lands to absentee landowners, and early in the nineteenth century timber barons began to consolidate large holdings and commenced the clearing away of the last vast New England wilderness. It describes the life of nineteenth-century loggers and the epic log drives. The chapter anticipates many of the problems of the twentieth and twenty-first-century northern New England timber industry: mistreatment of loggers, lack of value-added products, and destructive, unregulated logging. When the old growth was gone, loggers and barons headed “Over the Hump” to the Great Lakes to repeat the process. In 1853, Thoreau proposed an alternative to deforestation: establish preserves where wild creatures and humans might thrive.
The Sum of the Parts
Authors: Sayen Jamie
Published: May 2024

In 1978, Anglo-French financial buccaneer Sir James Goldsmith launched a takeover bid of Diamond International. When he succeeded in 1982, he spun off Diamond’s paper mills, including the Groveton mill. The traumatized paper industry began to view its timberland holdings as a liability and the aging mills in northern New England as noncompetitive in the growing global economy. The industry redirected investment toward mills in the southeastern US. This chapter fleshes out the story of the Diamond land sale. New Hampshire conservationists belatedly engineered the public acquisition of the 40,000-acre Nash Stream Forest. The state then sold a conservation easement to the US Forest Service. The controversial Nash Stream easement transformed New England conservation philosophy for a generation. To assess the uncertain future of the forests and timber-dependent communities of northern New England, Congress established the Northern Forest Lands Study (NFLS). Maine refused to join until Senators Leahy (VT) and Rudman (NH), sponsors of the enabling act, assured the state’s conservation commissioner, a former paper company executive, that the large landowners had served the region well. This unexamined assumption effectively granted the Maine delegation veto power over much of the agenda of the NFLS.
No Jobs on a Healthy Planet
Authors: Sayen Jamie
Published: May 2024

The breach in the conservation community widened during the effort to ban clear-cutting in Maine in 1996. When the Ban Clearcutting Referendum failed, political conservationists embraced green certification that decreed current practices such as large clear-cuts, whole-tree harvests, tree plantations, and biocide spraying were “green and sustainable.” Meanwhile, timber-dependent communities were dying because of the practices of certified large landowners. Hilton Hafford of Allagash Plantation in northern Maine, who organized a loggers’ blockade of the Canadian border in 1998, told the author: “Don’t talk to me about the future. There’s no present for me.”
Bid the Tree Unfix His Earthbound Root
Authors: Sayen Jamie
Published: May 2024

This chapter examines the potential impacts of climate change on the Acadian forest. Bill McKibben’s book End of Nature warned of the possibility of losing northern New England’s spruce-fir forests unless strong measures to reduce carbon emissions were swiftly taken. The Northern Forest Lands Study noted that forests can play an important role in sequestering and storing carbon. Forest researchers advise that older, unmanaged forests store the most carbon, while intensive management (clear-cuts and whole-tree harvests) release carbon. Conservation science and climate science agree on the need for large, unmanaged forest reserves to preserve habitat and to optimize carbon sequestration for long-term carbon storage in live trees and forest soils.
Frugal Prosperity
Authors: Sayen Jamie
Published: May 2024

The former industrial forest can become the infrastructure for a low-carbon-footprint recreation and tourism economy, and shift the focus from commodity extraction on former paper company lands to a value-added, low-impact timber economy supplied by small, local woodlot owners in timber-dependent communities. The new economy learns the economic lessons of the closing of the Groveton paper mill, and contrasts the failure to revive downtown Berlin, New Hampshire—despite more than $500 million in public subsidies and expenditures in the Berlin area—with the low-key, low-budget beginnings of a revival in downtown Lancaster, ten miles south of Groveton.
MEDIUM- AND LONG-TERM OUTCOMES OF SURGICAL RECONSTRUCTION IN ACUTE CHARCOT NEUROARTHROPATHY
Authors: Patel A. , Sivaprakasam M. , Reichert I. , Ahluwalia R. , Kavarthapu V.
Published: May 2024

Introduction

Charcot neuroarthropathy (CN) of foot and ankle presents significant challenges to the orthopaedic foot and ankle surgeon. Current treatment focuses on conservative management during the acute CN phase with offloading followed by deformity correction during the chronic phase. However, the deformity can progress in some feet despite optimal offloading resulting ulceration, infection, and limb loss. Our aim was to assess outcomes of primary surgical management with early reconstruction.

Methods

Between December 2011 and December 2019, 25 patients underwent operative intervention at our specialist diabetic foot unit for CN with progressive deformity and or instability despite advanced offloading. All had peripheral neuropathy, and the majority due to diabetes. Twenty-six feet were operated on in total - 14 during Eichenholtz stage 1 and 12 during stage 2. Fourteen of these were performed as single stage procedures, whereas 12 as two-stage reconstructions. These included isolated hindfoot reconstructions in seven, midfoot in four and combined in 14 feet. Mean age at the time of operation was 54. Preoperative ulceration was evident in 14 patients.

Results

Mean follow up was 45 months (Range 12–98). There was 100% limb salvage. One-year ambulation outcomes demonstrate FWB in bespoke footwear for 17 patients and in an ankle foot orthosis (AFO), Charcot restraint orthopaedic walker (CROW) or bivalve cast for seven. All preoperative ulceration had healed. Union was achieved in 18/21 hindfoot reconstructions and 7/18 midfoot reconstructions. There were nine episodes of return to theatre, of which five were within the first 12 months. There was one episode of new ulceration.

Conclusion

Surgical management of acute CN (Eichenholtz one and two) of the foot provides functional limb salvage. In particular, hindfoot reconstruction shows good rates of bony union. It should be considered in ‘foot at risk’ presentations of acute CN foot.
THE UK FOOT AND ANKLE COVID-19 NATIONAL (FALCON) AUDIT: RATE OF COVID-19 INFECTION AND 30-DAY MORTALITY IN FOOT AND ANKLE SURGERY IN THE UK
Authors: Houchen-Wollof L. , Malhotra K. , Mangwani J. , Mason L.
Published: May 2024

Objectives

The primary objective was to determine the incidence of COVID-19 infection and 30-day mortality in patients undergoing foot and ankle surgery during the global pandemic. Secondary objectives were to determine if there was a change in infection and complication profile with changes introduced in practice.

Design

Multicentre retrospective national audit.

Setting

UK-based study on foot and ankle patients who underwent surgery between the 13th January to 31st July 2020 – examining time periods pre- UK national lockdown, during lockdown (23rd March to 11th May 2020) and post-lockdown.

Participants

All adult patients undergoing foot and ankle surgery in an operating theatre during the study period included from 43 participating centres in England, Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland.

Main Outcome Measures

Variables recorded included demographics, surgical data, comorbidity data, COVID-19 and mortality rates, complications, and infection rates.

Results

6644 patients were included. In total 0.52% of operated patients contracted COVID-19 (n=35). The overall all cause 30-day mortality rate was 0.41%, however in patients who contracted COVID-19, the mortality rate was 25.71% (n=9); this was significantly higher for patients undergoing diabetic foot surgery (75%, n=3 deaths). Matching for age, ASA and comorbidities, the OR of mortality with COVID-19 infection was 11.71 (95% CI 1.55 to 88.74, p=0.017). There were no differences in surgical complications or infection rates prior to or after lockdown, and amongst patients with and without COVID-19 infection. After lockdown COVID-19 infection rate was 0.15% and no patient died of COVID-19 infection.

Conclusions

COVID-19 infection was rare in foot and ankle patients even at the peak of lockdown. However, there was a significant mortality rate in those who contracted COVID-19. Overall surgical complications and post-operative infection rates remained unchanged during the period of this audit. Patients and treating medical personnel should be aware of the risks to enable informed decisions.
TWO-YEAR FOLLOW-UP OF 334 THIRD-GENERATION MINIMALLY INVASIVE CHEVRON AKIN OSTEOTOMIES (MICA) IN HALLUX VALGUS SURGERY
Authors: Lewis T.L. , Ray R. , Gordon D.
Published: May 2024

Background

There are many different procedures described for the correction of hallux valgus deformity. Minimally invasive surgery has become increasingly popular, with clinical and radiological outcomes comparable to traditional open osteotomy approaches. There is increasing interest in hallux valgus deformity correction using third-generation minimally invasive chevron akin osteotomy (MICA) technique.

Objective

To assess the radiographic correction and 2 year clinical outcomes of third-generation MICA using validated outcome measures.

Methods

This is a prospective single-surgeon case series of 420 consecutive feet undergoing MICA surgery between July 2014 and November 2018. Primary clinical outcome measures included the Manchester-Oxford Foot Questionnaire (MOXFQ), EQ-5D, and the Visual Analogue Pain Scale. Secondary outcome measures included radiographic parameters, and complication rates.

Results

Pre-operative and 2 year post-operative patient reported outcomes were collected for 334 feet (79.5%). At minimum 2 year follow-up, the MOXFQ scores (mean ± standard deviation (SD)) had improved for each domain: pain; pre-operative 43.9±21.0 reduced to 9.1±15.6 post-operatively (p<0.001), walking and standing; pre-operative 38.2±23.6 reduced to 6.5±14.5 post-operatively (p<0.001) and social interaction; pre-operative 47.6±22.1, reduced to 6.5±13.5 post-operatively (p<0.001). At 2 year follow-up, the VAS Pain score (mean ± SD) improved from a pre-operative of 31.3±22.4 to 8.3±16.2 post-operatively (p<0.001). 1–2 intermetatarsal angle (mean ± SD) reduced from 15.4°±3.5° to 5.8°±3.1° (p<0.001) and hallux valgus angle reduced from 33.1°±10.2° to 9.0°±5.0° post-operatively (p<0.001).

Conclusion

Third-generation MICA showed significant improvement in clinical outcomes at 2 year follow-up and can be successfully used for correction of a wide range of hallux valgus deformities.
CONTOS E NARRATIVAS DE VIDA DOS(AS) CONTADORES(AS) DE HISTÓRIAS TRADICIONAIS DE CIDADES DO INTERIOR DA BAHIA EM PODCAST
Authors: Cauã dos Santos Silva  , Maria Claudia Silva do Carmo
Published: May 2024

Esta produção textual é fruto do plano de trabalho intitulado: Contos e narrativas de vida dos(as) contadores(as) de histórias tradicionais de cidades do interior da Bahia em podcast, a qual faz parte do projeto de pesquisa “Cacimba de Histórias: vidas e saberes dos Contadores de Histórias Tradicionais de cidades do interior da Bahia’.
Reappraising Land And Inheritance, Revisiting Ghosts: A Black Feminist And Decolonial Land-informed Reading Of Beloved by Toni Morrison And I, Tituba, Black Witch Of Salem by Maryse Condé
Authors: Guess Allison M. , Ohmer Sarah Soanirina
Published: May 2024

Abstract: How do we, Black women, experience “inheritance” as it relates to land, ghosts, and embodied experiences? How do we talk about inheritance in ways that are not capitalist nor predicated on the commodification of land that is also dominantly understood as outside, and therefore, not a part of us? With Beloved and I, Tituba, Black Witch of Salem , this article traces material and immaterial possessions handed down via literature. By challenging existing settler-derived and dominant understandings of land, different experiences and states of possession, and thus, “inheritance,” arise. The African diasporic culture, subaltern, ancient, non-dominant and Indigenous onto-epistemologies, and methodologies, as well as altering encounters with the (im)material world, guide our study of ghosts as “inheritance.” Our ancestral onto-epistemologies, both native to us as Black women and those selected by us (such as Traditional Chinese Medicine’s concept of the ghost), point to our relational conceptualization of land as ancestral knowledge, and the concept of “the land within.” Cultural transmissions (in this case, literature), (im)material world encounters, and the transmission (of memory, energy, spirit, trauma) that gets coded into script of the (internal)body, present the (internal)body as a geographical scale and identify a composite of ancestral knowledge(s), memories, and experiences lodged within. “The land within” as inheritance neither reproduces settler racial capitalist notions of private property nor implies a static possession as it relates to time, geography, or expression.
Master Yin’s Mellifluous Chanting: Daoist Scripture Recitation in Tang Dynasty Epigraphy
Authors: Feezell Tyler
Published: May 2024

Abstract: Building on recent scholarship on entombed epitaph inscriptions ( muzhiming 墓志銘) and Daoism, this article examines a commemorative burial inscription of a Daoist monastic priest, Revered Master Yin 尹尊師 (d. 747), who garnered the attention of the imperial court and Emperor Xuanzong 玄宗 (r. 713–756) through scripture recitation and ritual performance. Daoists recited a range of texts, but the language of the epitaph suggests a particular focus on Numinous Treasure ( Lingbao 靈寶) works. Combining a reading of the epitaph alongside several monastic manuals and commentaries, which outline Tang recitation practices, this paper sheds light on aspects of everyday Daoist practice in the Tang dynasty. Read together, these sources suggest a unique Daoist vision of scripture recitation, one characterized by celestial sound production and the powerful, transformative nature of its reproduction.
“Let Me Tell You Some Stories, and You Will Record Them”: Dan Ben-Amos and the Study of Jewish Folklore and Ethnology
Authors: Bronner Simon J.
Published: May 2024

Abstract: Dan Ben-Amos (1934–2023) was associated with groundbreaking work beginning during the 1960s on concepts of context and performance and the paradigm shift in folkloristics with his groundbreaking essay “Toward a Definition of Folklore in Context.” His odyssey from Israel to the United States, including formative experiences as a youth absorbing ideas about social reality and Jewish folklore as counterculture, has a profound influence on an equally profound shift in the understanding of Jewish experience as well as on the globalization of folkloristics as a discipline. In addition to interpreting his culminating work of the Folktales of the Jews series of books, this essay shows the continuation of his legacy in other projects he initiated or envisioned.
Why Were There No Jokes After the 2021 Meron Crowd Crush? On Israeli “Joking Relationships”
Authors: Sebba-Elran Tsafi
Published: May 2024

Abstract: The vast research literature on disaster jokes demonstrates that no calamity is too horrific to be followed by jokes that typically recontextualize traumatic events and channel the threatening voices that these events provoke. Why, then, did no jokes circulate after the deadliest civil disaster in Israel’s history, which occurred on Mount Meron during the Lag Ba’Omer celebrations in April 2021? Drawing upon the ethnographic concept of “joking relationships,” this essay documents representations of ultra-Orthodox Jews ( Haredim ) in contemporary Israeli memes and explains the restraint that Israeli society shows toward this group with whom the Meron disaster is associated. The absence of jokes is employed here as a prism through which one can gain insight not only into prevalent Israeli beliefs, emotions, and perceptions but also into the function of jokes in delineating internal social boundaries.
“In Proverbiis Non Semper Veritas”: Reflections on the Reprint of an Antisemitic Proverb Collection
Authors: Mieder Wolfgang
Published: May 2024

Abstract: This article concerns the highly questionable 2016 reprint of Ernst Hiemer’s antisemitic proverb collection Der Jude im Sprichwort der Völker (1942, The Jew in the Proverbs of the People ). It begins with a glance at earlier antisemitic proverb collections while also reviewing some of the superb Yiddish and Jewish/Hebrew proverb collections and serious studies on this rich repertoire of proverbs. This is followed by a discussion of the misguided antisemitic publications of the nineteenth century that were precursors of even more slanderous and prejudiced collections that appeared during the time of National Socialism. It is shown that both traditional proverbs and invented pseudo-proverbs discrediting the Jewish population were used to manipulate public opinion in Nazi Germany by claiming that these proverbial stereotypes express absolute proverbial truths. A number of examples show that this campaign against the Jews is a clear indication that stereotypical proverbs can be extremely harmful and that they ultimately played a role in the Holocaust. Hiemer’s collection, published during the height of Nazi rule over Germany, is the most vicious antisemitic proverb compendium that should be a warning against such intentional misuse of stereotypical proverbs that have no truth value. Since it is available in libraries and on the Internet, it certainly should not have been reprinted for fear of fueling present-day antisemitism.
Judgment and Its Publics
Authors: Anker Elizabeth S.
Published: May 2024

Abstract: This response essay overviews the timely interventions of Michael W. Clune’s A Defense of Judgment , which was published amid a larger sociopolitical crisis in expert judgment. Clune productively develops an account of the specialized nature of literary expertise. However, this essay also asks whether too much force is attributed to the logic of the market, and it similarly questions the vision of the public implicit to Clune’s model of literary studies.
Response to Michael W. Clune’s A Defense of Judgment
Authors: Davis Theo
Published: May 2024

Abstract: This essay explores how questions of equality and difference operate in Michael W. Clune’s A Defense of Judgment and frames the book as an example of the challenge of pursuing intellectual work in dialogue with emerging academic institutional structures.
In vivo bioluminescence tomography-guided system for pancreatic cancer radiotherapy research
Authors: Deng Zijian , Xu Xiangkun , Dehghani Hamid , Reyes Juvenal , Zheng Lei , Tran Phuoc T. , Wang Ken Kang-Hsin
Published: May 2024

Recent development of radiotherapy (RT) has heightened the use of radiation in managing pancreatic cancer. Thus, there is a need to investigate pancreatic cancer in a pre-clinical setting to advance our understanding of the role of RT. Widely-used cone-beam CT (CBCT) imaging cannot provide sufficient soft tissue contrast to guide irradiation. The pancreas is also prone to motion. Large collimation is unavoidably used for irradiation, costing normal tissue toxicity. We innovated a bioluminescence tomography (BLT)-guided system to address these needs. We established an orthotopic pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) mouse model to access BLT. Mice underwent multi-projection and multi-spectral bioluminescence imaging (BLI), followed by CBCT imaging in an animal irradiator for BLT reconstruction and radiation planning. With optimized absorption coefficients, BLT localized PDAC at 1.25 ± 0.19 mm accuracy. To account for BLT localization uncertainties, we expanded the BLT-reconstructed volume with margin to form planning target volume(PTVBLT) for radiation planning, covering 98.7 ± 2.2% of PDAC. The BLT-guided conformal plan can cover 100% of tumors with limited normal tissue involvement across both inter-animal and inter-fraction cases, superior to the 2D BLI-guided conventional plan. BLT offers unique opportunities to localize PDAC for conformal irradiation, minimize normal tissue involvement, and support reproducibility in RT studies.
Effect of vertical, horizontal, and combined plyometric training on jump, sprint and change of direction performance in male soccer players
Authors: Moran Jason , Vali Norodin , Sand Anders , Beato Marco , Hammami Raouf , Ramirez-Campillo Rodrigo , Chaabene Helmi , Sandercock Gavin
Published: May 2024

Purpose

The purpose of this study was to compare the effects of vertical (VPT), horizontal (HPT) and combined vertical and horizontal (V+HPT) plyometric training on sprint, jump and change of direction (COD) performance in adult male soccer players.

Method

Participants were randomly allocated into VPT (n = 8), HPT (n = 8) and V+HPT (n = 8) groups which undertook eight weeks of PT, executing 100 foot contacts per session, twice weekly.

Results

Though demonstrably effective, no specific one of the three applied programmes enhanced performance to a greater extent than another with only the 40 m sprint for the HPT group (mean difference = 0.07 s [HPT] vs. 0.04 s [VPT] and 0.04 s [V+HPT]) and the vertical jump for the V+HPT group (mean difference = 4.5 cm [V+HPT] vs. 4.0 cm [VPT] and 3.25 cm [HPT]) appearing to deviate from a uniform pattern of group level adaptation across the performance tests.

Conclusion

A total volume of 100 foot contacts per session, twice per week for eight weeks was sufficient to achieve the observed changes. Though jump and changing direction performance were enhanced, linear sprint performance was largely unchanged and so a more complete and intense programme may have been warranted. No method was superior to another in eliciting changes across these tests and a directionally-specific pattern of adaptation was not apparent.