bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Cost analysis and cost-effectiveness of open versus laparoscopic versus robot-assisted versus transanal total mesorectal excision in patients with rectal cancer: a protocol for a systematic review
Authors: Geitenbeek Ritchie T J , Burghgraef Thijs A , Broekman Mark , Schop Bram P A , Lieverse Tom G F , Hompes Roel , Havenga Klaas , Postma Maarten , Consten Esther C J
Published: August 2022

Introduction

Nowadays, most rectal tumours are treated open or minimally invasive, using laparoscopic, robot-assisted or transanal total mesorectal excision. However, insight into the total costs of these techniques is limited. Since all three techniques are currently being performed, including cost considerations in the choice of treatment technique may significantly impact future healthcare costs. Therefore, this systematic review aims to provide an overview of evidence regarding costs in patients with rectal cancer following open, laparoscopic, robot-assisted and transanal total mesorectal excision.

Methods and analysis

A systematic search will be conducted for papers between January 2000 and March 2022. Databases PubMed/MEDLINE, EMBASE, Scopus, Web of Science and Cochrane Library databases will be searched. Study selection, data extraction and quality assessment will be performed independently by four reviewers and discrepancies will be resolved through discussion. The Consensus Health Economic Criteria list will be used for assessing risk of bias. Total costs of the different techniques, consisting of but not limited to, theatre, in-hospital and postoperative costs, will be the primary outcome.

Ethics and dissemination

No ethical approval is required, as there is no collection of patient data at an individual level. Findings will be disseminated widely, through peer-reviewed publication and presentation at relevant national and international conferences.

Trial registration number

CRD42021261125.
Heat maps of cardiovascular disease risk factor clustering among community-dwelling older people in Xinjiang: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Xiao Wenwen , Wumaer Aishanjiang , Maimaitiwusiman Zhuoya , Liu Jinling , Xuekelati Saiyare , Wang Hongmei
Published: August 2022

Objective

The clustering of multiple cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors (CRFs) increases the risk of CVD prevalence and mortality. Little is known about CRF clustering among community-dwelling older people in Xinjiang. The objective of this study was to explore the prevalence of CRF clustering in this population.

Design

Cross-sectional study.

Setting

Xinjiang, China.

Participants

Multilevel random sampling was used to survey individuals aged ≥60 in six regions of Xinjiang. In total, 87 000 participants volunteered, with a response rate of 96.67%; 702 participants with incomplete data were excluded and data from 86 298 participants were analysed.

Outcome measures

The prevalence of smoking, hypertension, diabetes, dyslipidaemia and overweight/obesity was 9.4%, 52.1%, 16.8%, 28.6% and 62.7%, respectively. The prevalence of CRF clusters among people of different ages, regions and ethnic groups differed significantly. The 85.7% of the participants presented at least one CRFs and 55.9% of the participants presented clustering of CRFs. The proportion of CRF clusters tended to be higher in men, 60–69-year-old group, northern Xinjiang and the Kazakh population. After adjusting for age and sex, logistic regression analysis revealed that men, 60–69-year-old group, northern Xinjiang and the Kazakh population were more likely to have clustering of CRFs, compared with their counterparts.

Conclusions

The prevalence of CRFs in the older Xinjiang population is high and their clustering differs by sex, age, region and ethnicity. CRF prevention and management should be active in this population, and strategies to reduce CVD risk based on sex, age, ethnic group and region are warranted.
Optical aberrations following implantation of multifocal intraocular lenses: a systematic review and meta-analysis protocol
Authors: Henein Christin , Fang Clarissa E H , Bokre Desta , Khan Maaz , Adan Ahmed , Bouremel Yann , Nanavaty Mayank A
Published: August 2022

Introduction

Multifocal intraocular lens (IOLs) are used to restore vision at different focal distances. The technology of multifocal IOLs is continually advancing. Optical aberrations a property of lenses that causes spreading of light over a region resulting in a blurred or distorted image. This study aims to systematically review investigator measured and patient reported optical aberrations following implantation of multifocal IOLs during phacoemulsification surgery to treat presbyopia in adults.

Methods and analysis

We will conduct an electronic database search for randomised controlled trials, prospective non-randomised studies, observational studies in Ovid MEDLINE, Ovid EMBASE, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL), Web of Science, Scopus and ClinicalTrials.gov in March 2021. Eligibility criteria will include quantitative articles written in English and containing data on optical aberrations. Two independent reviewers will screen titles and abstracts and extract data from full texts, reporting outcomes according to Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines. Data extraction of key characteristics will be completed using customised forms. Methodological quality will be assessed using Cochrane Handbook 6.2.

Ethics and dissemination

Ethics approval is not required for this review, as it will only include published data. Findings will be published in a peer-reviewed journal and disseminated across ophthalmic networks. We anticipate that the findings of this work will be of interest to multiple stakeholders: people who have undergone cataract surgery, eye health professionals, ophthalmic surgeons, device manufacturers and policy-makers. It will also inform researchers to where there are gaps in evidence and identify areas for future research.

PROSPERO registration number

CRD42021271050.
Self-rated health and perceived environmental quality in Brunei Darussalam: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Arifin Evi Nurvidya , Hoon Chang-Yau , Slesman Ly , Tan Abby
Published: August 2022

Objectives

This paper examines the relationship between individuals’ perceptions of environmental quality and self-rated health (SRH) after controlling for dimensions of socioeconomic, demographic and healthy lifestyle variables.

Design

A cross-sectional survey.

Setting

The survey was conducted in Belait, an oil-rich and gas-rich district in Brunei Darussalam, from 17 October to 11 November 2019 and focused on the most populated subdistricts (Kuala Belait, Seria and Liang), where 97% of the people reside.

Participants

A final sample of 1000 respondents aged 18 years and older were randomly selected from the population of the chosen subdistricts, with 95% CI and ±3 margin of error. Due to variable selection, only 673 respondents were available for analysis.

Outcome measures

SRH was dichotomised into 1 for good health and 0 otherwise. Perceptions of environmental quality included perceptions of the natural environment (air quality, marine quality, water supply, noise and olfactory pollution) and the social environment (crime). χ2 and logistic regression models were used to assess the relationship between individuals’ perceived environmental quality and SRH.

Results

Most respondents perceived themselves with good SRH (72%). The adjusted logistic regression shows that perceptions of air quality (OR=2.20, 95% CI 1.15 to 4.22, p=0.018) and marine resources (OR=1.84, 95% CI 1.24 to 2.74, p=0.002) in their surrounding areas were significantly associated with good SRH. However, other environmental variables were insignificantly associated with SRH. Among the control variables, healthy lifestyle and employment had positive associations with good SRH (OR=3.89, 95% CI 1.96 to 7.71, p=0.000, for exercising 3–5 times a week; OR=1.72, 95% CI 1.09 to 2.71, p=0.021, for being employed). In addition, frequent physical exercise compensated for the negative health impact of environmental pollution.

Conclusions

This study suggests that environmental quality has an important role in SRH. However, a healthy lifestyle measured with frequency of physical exercise seems to compensate for the adverse environmental effects on SRH.
Impact of COVID-19 pandemic on medical students: a scoping review protocol
Authors: Sanjaya Ardo , Edwin Christian , Supantini Dedeh
Published: August 2022

Introduction

The COVID-19 pandemic has spread globally and has been reported in every known country. The effects can be felt in universities and schools, shifting their learning to online platforms. However, medical schools bear the burden of protecting students and ensuring the continuation of the education process. The rapid transition to online learning, coupled with the lack of preparation from the educational system, leads to stresses that affect students’ academic performance, mental health and social life. Nevertheless, no review tried to synthesise the complete picture of the pandemic’s effects. Therefore, this scoping review aims to identify and explore the available literature on the effects or impacts of the pandemic on medical students without limiting it to specific dimensions.

Methods

This review was conducted according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for Scoping Reviews and the Joanna Briggs Institute manual for evidence synthesis. We examine articles reporting data from any country. However, only articles written in English will be included. For studies to be included, they must report any form of impact on medical students, qualitatively or quantitatively. Furthermore, the impact must occur within the context of the COVID-19 pandemic. Searches will be done on Medline, EMBASE, ERIC, the Cochrane Library, CINAHL and PsycInfo. After data extraction, we will narratively synthesise the data and explore the types of impacts COVID-19 has on medical students.

Ethics and dissemination

No formal ethical approval is required. The scoping review will be published in peer-reviewed journals and as conference presentations and summaries, wherever appropriate.
Heterogeneous impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on lung, colorectal and breast cancer incidence in Hungary: results from time series and panel data models
Authors: Elek Peter , Csanádi Marcell , Fadgyas-Freyler Petra , Gervai Nóra , Oross-Bécsi Rita , Szécsényi-Nagy Balázs , Tatár Manna , Váradi Balázs , Zemplényi Antal
Published: August 2022

Objective

During the COVID-19 pandemic, health system resources were reallocated to provide care for patients with COVID-19, limiting access for others. Patients themselves also constrained their visits to healthcare providers. In this study, we analysed the heterogeneous effects of the pandemic on the new diagnoses of lung, colorectal and breast cancer in Hungary.

Design

Time series and panel models of quarterly administrative data, disaggregated by gender, age group and district of residence.

Participants

Data for the whole population of Hungary between the first quarter of 2017 and the second quarter of 2021.

Main outcome measures

Number of patients newly diagnosed with lung, colorectal and breast cancer, defined as those who were hospitalised with the appropriate primary International Classification of Diseases Tenth Revision diagnosis code but had not had hospital encounters with such a code within the previous 5 years.

Results

The incidence of lung, colorectal and breast cancer decreased by 14.4% (95% CI 10.8% to 17.8%), 19.9% (95% CI 12.2% to 26.9%) and 15.5% (95% CI 2.5% to 27.0%), respectively, during the examined period of the pandemic, with different time patterns across cancer types. The incidence decreased more among people at least 65 years old than among the younger (p<0.05 for lung cancer and p<0.1 for colorectal cancer). At the district level, both the previously negative income gap in lung cancer incidence and the previously positive income gap in breast cancer incidence significantly narrowed during the pandemic (p<0.05).

Conclusions

The decline in new cancer diagnoses, caused by a combination of supply-side and demand-side factors, suggests that some cancer cases have remained hidden. It calls for action by policy makers to engage individuals with high risk of cancer more in accessing healthcare services, to diagnose the disease early and to prepare for effective management of patient pathways from diagnosis to survival or end-of-life care.
Protein kinase inhibitor ceritinib blocks ectonucleotidase CD39 – a promising target for cancer immunotherapy
Authors: Schäkel Laura , Mirza Salahuddin , Winzer Riekje , Lopez Vittoria , Idris Riham , Al-Hroub Haneen , Pelletier Julie , Sévigny Jean , Tolosa Eva , Müller Christa E
Published: August 2022

Background

An important mechanism, by which cancer cells achieve immune escape, is the release of extracellular adenosine into their microenvironment. Adenosine activates adenosine A2Aand A2Breceptors on immune cells constituting one of the strongest immunosuppressive mediators. In addition, extracellular adenosine promotes angiogenesis, tumor cell proliferation, and metastasis. Cancer cells upregulate ectonucleotidases, most importantly CD39 and CD73, which catalyze the hydrolysis of extracellular ATP to AMP (CD39) and further to adenosine (CD73). Inhibition of CD39 is thus expected to be an effective strategy for the (immuno)therapy of cancer. However, suitable small molecule inhibitors for CD39 are not available. Our aim was to identify drug-like CD39 inhibitors and evaluate them in vitro.

Methods

We pursued a repurposing approach by screening a self-compiled collection of approved, mostly ATP-competitive protein kinase inhibitors, on human CD39. The best hit compound was further characterized and evaluated in various orthogonal assays and enzyme preparations, and on human immune and cancer cells.

Results

The tyrosine kinase inhibitor ceritinib, a potent anticancer drug used for the treatment of anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK)-positive metastatic non-small cell lung cancer, was found to strongly inhibit CD39 showing selectivity versus other ectonucleotidases. The drug displays a non-competitive, allosteric mechanism of CD39 inhibition exhibiting potency in the low micromolar range, which is independent of substrate (ATP) concentration. We could show that ceritinib inhibits ATP dephosphorylation in peripheral blood mononuclear cells in a dose-dependent manner, resulting in a significant increase in ATP concentrations and preventing adenosine formation from ATP. Importantly, ceritinib (1–10 µM) substantially inhibited ATP hydrolysis in triple negative breast cancer and melanoma cells with high native expression of CD39.

Conclusions

CD39 inhibition might contribute to the effects of the powerful anticancer drug ceritinib. Ceritinib is a novel CD39 inhibitor with high metabolic stability and optimized physicochemical properties; according to our knowledge, it is the first brain-permeant CD39 inhibitor. Our discovery will provide the basis (i) to develop more potent and balanced dual CD39/ALK inhibitors, and (ii) to optimize the ceritinib scaffold towards interaction with CD39 to obtain potent and selective drug-like CD39 inhibitors for future in vivo studies.
Single-cell analysis reveals clonally expanded tumor-associated CD57+CD8 T cells are enriched in the periphery of patients with metastatic urothelial cancer responding to PD-L1 blockade
Authors: Fehlings Michael , Kim Leesun , Guan Xiangnan , Yuen Kobe , Tafazzol Alireza , Sanjabi Shomyseh , Zill Oliver A , Rishipathak Deepali , Wallace Andrew , Nardin Alessandra , Ma Siming , Milojkovic Ana , Newell Evan W , Mariathasan Sanjeev , Yadav Mahesh
Published: August 2022

Background

A growing body of evidence suggests that T-cell responses against neoantigens are critical regulators of response to immune checkpoint blockade. We previously showed that circulating neoantigen-specific CD8 T cells in patients with lung cancer responding to anti-Programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) (atezolizumab) exhibit a unique phenotype with high expression of CD57, CD244, and KLRG1. Here, we extended our analysis on neoantigen-specific CD8 T cells to patients with metastatic urothelial cancer (mUC) and further profiled total CD8 T cells to identify blood-based predictive biomarkers of response to atezolizumab.

Methods

We identified tumor neoantigens from 20 patients with mUC and profiled their peripheral CD8 T cells using highly multiplexed combinatorial tetramer staining. Another set of patients with mUC treated with atezolizumab (n=30) or chemotherapy (n=40) were selected to profile peripheral CD8 T cells by mass cytometry. Using single-cell transcriptional analysis (single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq)), together with CITE-seq (cellular indexing of transcriptomes and epitopes by sequencing) and paired T-cell receptor (TCR) sequencing, we further characterized peripheral CD8 T cells in a subset of patients (n=16).

Results

High frequency of CD57 was observed in neoantigen-specific CD8 T cells in patients with mUC responding to atezolizumab. Extending these findings to bulk CD8 T cells, we found higher frequency of CD57 expressing CD8 T cells before treatment in patients responding to atezolizumab (n=20, p<0.01) but not to chemotherapy. These findings were corroborated in a validation cohort (n=30, p<0.01) and notably were independent of known biomarkers of response. scRNA-seq analysis identified a clonally expanded cluster enriched within CD57+CD8 T cells in responding patients characterized by higher expression of genes associated with activation, cytotoxicity, and tissue-resident memory markers. Furthermore, compared with CD57−CD8 T cells, TCRs of CD57+CD8 T cells showed increased overlap with the TCR repertoire of tumor-infiltrating T cells.

Conclusions

Collectively, we show high frequencies of CD57 among neoantigen-specific and bulk CD8 T cells in patients responding to atezolizumab. The TCR repertoire overlap between peripheral CD57+CD8 T cells and tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes suggest that accumulation of peripheral CD57+CD8 T cells is reflective of an ongoing antitumor T-cell response. Our findings provide evidence and rationale for using circulating CD8 T cells expressing CD57 as a readily accessible blood-based biomarker for selecting patients with mUC for atezolizumab therapy.
Dural arteriovenous fistula causing reversible cognitive impairment
Authors: Alexandratou Anna , Mah Yee , Ramsey Deborah , Kandasamy Naga , Tolias Christos M , Gadapa Naveen , Ankolekar Sandeep
Published: August 2022

A previously independent 82-year-old woman presented with 5 months of worsening confusion, mobility and cognitive decline, with deficits in orientation, language and executive function. A cerebral dural arteriovenous fistula was identified and successfully embolised, after which her cognitive ability and independence dramatically improved. Although rare, a dural arteriovenous fistula may mimic a rapidly progressive dementia, but its early recognition and treatment can completely reverse the dementia.
Seeing Should Probably Not Be Believing: The Role of Deceptive Support in COVID-19 Misinformation on Twitter
Authors: Zuo Chaoyuan , Banerjee Ritwik , Chaleshtori Fateme Hashemi , Shirazi Hossein , Ray Indrakshi
Published: August 2022

With the spread of the SARS-CoV-2, enormous amounts of information about the pandemic are disseminated through social media platforms such as Twitter. Social media posts often leverage the trust readers have in prestigious news agencies and cite news articles as a way of gaining credibility. Nevertheless, it is not always the case that the cited article supports the claim made in the social media post. We present a cross-genread hocpipeline to identify whether the information in a Twitter post (i.e., a “Tweet”) is indeed supported by the cited news article. Our approach is empirically based on a corpus of over 46.86 million Tweets and is divided into two tasks: (i) development of models to detect Tweets containing claim and worth to be fact-checked and (ii) verifying whether the claims made in a Tweet are supported by the newswire article it cites. Unlike previous studies that detect unsubstantiated information by post hoc analysis of the patterns of propagation, we seek to identify reliable support (or the lack of it)beforethe misinformation begins to spread. We discover that nearly half of the Tweets (43.4%) are not factual and hence not worth checking—a significant filter, given the sheer volume of social media posts on a platform such as Twitter. Moreover, we find that among the Tweets that contain a seemingly factual claim while citing a news article as supporting evidence, at least 1% are not actually supported by the cited news and are hence misleading.
Robust Long-Term Tracking via Localizing Occluders
Authors: Chu Binfei , Lin Yiting , Zhong Bineng , Tang Zhenjun , Li Xianxian , Wang Jing
Published: August 2022

Occlusion is known as one of the most challenging factors in long-term tracking because of its unpredictable shape. Existing works devoted into the design of loss functions, training strategies or model architectures, which are considered to have not directly touched the key point. Alternatively, we came up with a direct and natural idea that is discarding things that covers the target. We propose a novel occluder-aware representation learning framework to develop this idea. First, we design a local occluders detection module (LODM) to localize the occluders, which works on the principle that discriminates the non-noumenal part from a target based on the general knowledge of this category. An extra dataset and a clustering strategy is proposed to support this general knowledge. Second, we devise a feature reconstruction module to guide the occluder-aware representation learning. With the help of above methods, our localizing occluders tracker, called LOTracker, can learn an occluder-free representation and promote the performance that tracks with occlusion scenarios. Extensive experimental results show that our LOTracker achieves a state-of-the-art performance in multiple benchmarks such as LaSOT, VOTLT2018, VOTLT2019, and OxUvALT.
Multimodal Single-Entity Electrochemical Fluoride Sensor for Fuel Cell Membrane Degradation Diagnostics
Authors: Lopez Raul , Fuentes Justin , Gonzalez-Camps Adrian , Benhaddouch Tinsley , Kaushik Ajeet , Lloyd Metler Christopher , Bhansali Shekhar , Dong Dongmei
Published: August 2022

To the best of our knowledge, very few works have been done for the continuous real-time monitoring of Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells (PEMFCs) membrane degradation based on fluoride-specific electrochemical microsensors. PEMFCs are eco-smart energy sources for efficient transportation but experience variable degradation rates that wear the Membrane Electrode Assembly (MEA), a critical component of the fuel cell’s functionality. Current market options lack specific diagnostics and a legitimate indication of when exactly the membrane needs to be replaced. As such, this work focused on manufacturing a sensor for measuring MEA degradation in real-time by selectively monitoring fluoride concentration in effluent water, a signature PEMFCs degradation status, through functionalized LaF3:(Au nanoparticle) thin films (∼60 nm). The sensor’s exceptional specificity/sensitivity has been achieved in real-time at a sub 10 ppb level, optimized through spin-coating deposition and post-annealing process. Its multimodal readout has been achieved and studied through the characterizations of open circuit potential, cyclic voltammetry, chronoamperometry, and differential pulse voltammetry revealing a consistent linear decrease of 15.7 mA cm−2 at 0 ppb to 10.2 mA cm−2, while also maintaining its low-cost, small size, and robustness.
MoS2-Graphene Composite Electrode for High Energy Hybrid Li-Ion Capacitors
Authors: Palakkathodi Kammampata Sanoop , Jabbar Mohammed Hussain Abdul , Abraham Akhil Mammoottil , Gumeci Cenk , Dale Nilesh , Furuya Yoshihisa , Thangadurai Venkataraman
Published: August 2022

A hybrid Li-ion capacitor represents an emerging class of devices, which results from the coupling of high energy density battery-type electrode materials at one side and high-power EDLC electrode at other side. Here, we develop a simple and scalable method including ball-milling, followed by heating process to synthesize MoS2/graphene composite material. The structural and morphological analyses were carried out by powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD) analysis and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) technique. The composite electrode delivers high specific capacity (725 mAh g−1 at 0.1 A g−1 and 265 mAh g−1 at 5 A g−1). The hybrid device composed of MoS2/graphene composite electrode as negative electrode and commercial activated carbon as the positive electrode exhibits a high energy density of 117 Wh kg−1 at 200 W kg−1 and a maximum power density of 3.9 kW kg−1 at 79 Wh kg−1. The hybrid device showed a long cycle stable Li storage capacity (62% after 5000 cycles at 1 A g−1).
Functional characterization of ion channels expressed in kidney organoids derived from human induced pluripotent stem cells
Authors: Montalbetti Nicolas , Przepiorski Aneta J. , Shi Shujie , Sheng Shaohu , Baty Catherine J. , Maggiore Joseph C. , Carattino Marcelo D. , Vanichapol Thitinee , Davidson Alan J. , Hukriede Neil A. , Kleyman Thomas R.
Published: August 2022

Our results show that human kidney organoids express key K+ and Na+ channels that are expressed on the apical membranes of cells in the aldosterone-sensitive distal nephron, including the large-conductance Ca2+-activated K+ channel, renal outer medullary K+ channel, and epithelial Na+ channel.
Trained immunity: adaptation within innate immune mechanisms
Authors: Domínguez-Andrés Jorge , dos Santos Jéssica Cristina , Bekkering Siroon , Mulder Willem J. M. , van der Meer Jos W. M. , Riksen Niels P. , Joosten Leo A. B. , Netea Mihai G.
Published: August 2022

The mechanisms underlying innate immune memory have been extensively explored in the last decades but are in fact largely unknown. Although the specificity of adaptive immune memory in vertebrates is ensured through the recombination of immunoglobulin family genes and clonal expansion, the basic mechanisms of innate immune cells’ nonspecific increased responsiveness rely on epigenetic, transcriptional, and metabolic programs after transient stimulation. Changes in these programs result in enhanced responsiveness to secondary challenges with a wide variety of stimuli. This phenomenon is termed “trained immunity” or “innate immune memory.” On one hand, trained immunity improves the response to infections and vaccination, facilitating stronger innate immune responses and enhanced protection against a variety of microbial stimuli. Conversely, trained immunity may contribute to the pathophysiology of cardiovascular, autoinflammatory, and neurodegenerative diseases. In this review, we gather the current body of knowledge in this field and summarize the foundations and mechanisms of trained immunity, the different cell types involved, its consequences for health and disease, and the potential of its modulation as a therapeutic tool.
An Efficient Identification of Security Threats in Requirement Engineering Methodology
Authors: Subha R. , Haldorai Anandakumar
Published: August 2022

Today, we completely rely on Information Technology (IT) applications for every aspect of daily life, including business and online transactions. In addition to using these IT-enabled applications for business purposes, we also use WhatsApp, Facebook, and a variety of other IT applications to communicate with others. However, there will undoubtedly be a drawback to every benefit. Since everything is linked to the Internet, there are many opportunities for security to be compromised. To address this, we are working to identify security threats early on in the software development process, specifically during the requirements phase. During the requirement engineering process, an engineer can recognize the security specifications in a more structured manner to create threat-free software. In our research work, we suggest the Identification of Security Threats during Requirement Engineering (ISTDRE) technique for detecting security risks throughout the requirement engineering process. The four points that make up this ISTDRE technique are Hack Point (HP), Speculation Point (SP), Trust Point (TP), and Reliable Point (RP). The new ISTDRE methodology will be validated using a case study of an ERP system involving two currently used methodologies: Model Oriented Security Requirements Engineering (MOSRE) and System Quality Requirements Engineering (SQUARE).
A Fluid-Structure Interaction Model for Bridge Safety Assessment under Scour Conditions
Authors: Lin Tzu-Kang , Chen Po-Wei , Chang Hao-Tun
Published: August 2022

Bridge pier scour engendered by typhoons or flooding poses a threat to the stability, bearing capacity, and other performance parameters of bridge foundations. In traditional static evaluation procedures, linear force distributions are used to express the fluid behavior under current forces, which results in overestimation of stability. A finite element simulation was conducted in this study to correctly evaluate the effect of fluid by developing a fluid-solid interaction (FSI) system. In the FSI system, simulation results for both the fluid and solid systems were exchanged. Thus, the force generated by the fluid system could be incorporated into the solid system to estimate the dynamic response of a pier. A scaled single-pier scour test was first conducted numerically and experimentally. The results showed that the established FSI system can consider the fluid-solid interaction and reflect pier scour behavior accurately. To test the validity of the proposed system, the scour process was numerically conducted on an engineering bridge. Two safety factors were proposed to evaluate the stability of the bridge structure under extreme events such as rainfall or typhoon. The result has proven that the scour stability of the bridge pier can be appropriately evaluated by the proposed system.
Effect of Wheat Replacement by Pulse Flours on the Texture, Color, and Sensorial Characteristics of Crackers: Flash Profile Analysis
Authors: Koukoumaki Danai Ioanna , Giannoutsos Konstantinos , Devanthi Putu Virgina Partha , Karmiris Panagiotis , Bourni Sophia , Monemvasioti Anastasia , Psimouli Vassiliki , Sarris Dimitris , Gkatzionis Konstantinos
Published: August 2022

Pulse flours are growing in popularity as alternatives to wheat in bakery products due to their high protein and nutritional value. However, the effect of different pulse species and substitution on sensory perception is unclear. The sensory perception of crackers made by partially replacing wheat with chickpea (40-80%) and lupin flour (10-30%) was evaluated using Flash profile analysis in association with instrumental analysis of texture and color. Flash profile analysis was conducted in Greece and Indonesia in order to allow culture comparison of the profiling of the samples and language by the subjects of the panel. Lightness (L

∗

) and hardness of crackers were decreased by the addition of pulses. Flash profile analysis indicated an association among color, texture, and sensory perception by judges. Derived attributes were associated with the physicochemical characteristics and raw materials of crackers for both panels. GPA analysis of Greek panel indicated that increasing the replacement of wheat led to the generation of more attributes regardless of pulse species, while the Indonesian panel was able to detect differences among pulse species.
Knowledge Sharing Efficiency Analysis Model Design of Internet Open Innovation Community
Authors: Wang Song , Nie Jingjing
Published: August 2022

The emergence of Internet technology has changed the technological innovation path and knowledge acquisition paradigm of enterprises and promoted the construction of digital technology, digital platform, and digital infrastructure. A large number of companies have begun to create brand communities and obtain suggestions for product improvement and innovation from the communities. However, obtaining innovative opinions and inspiration through the community to the final realization is not achieved overnight. It needs to go through the process of knowledge sharing to user interaction, from user interaction to knowledge creation and discovery and from knowledge discovery to innovation contribution. To study the efficiency of Internet community innovation, it is necessary to decompose the innovation process into two parts: problem adoption and problem solution, and then analyze them separately to get the influence combination and path. Taking Xiaomi (one of the world’s largest mobile phone manufacturers) online community as an example, this article decomposes the process of issue solution into adoption stage and solution stage by crawling the relevant data of posts through web crawlers, takes the adoption efficiency and problem-solving efficiency as antecedents, and uses fuzzy set qualitative comparative analysis method to analyze the combination of conditions that affect the former two. It is of great significance to improve the knowledge sharing and innovation research of the open innovation community.
Ruan Jian Qing Mai Recipe Inhibits the Inflammatory Response in Acute Lower Limb Ischemic Mice through the JAK2/STAT3 Pathway
Authors: Zhu Di , Jia Chenglin , Cai Tongkai , Li Jiacheng , Feng Xia , Chen Nan , Zhao Cheng , Wang Yuzhen , Cao Yongbing , Cao Yemin
Published: August 2022

Ruan jian qing mai recipe (RJQM) is an empirical prescription for treating arteriosclerosis obliterans (ASO). However, the mechanism of RJQM recipe-mediated ASO attenuation has not yet been elucidated. Therefore, this study aimed to explore the mechanism by which the RJQM recipe relieves ASO in a mouse model of lower limb ischemia, which was established by ligating and breaking the femoral artery of the left lower limb. The surgical groups were divided into the ischemic group, beraprost sodium group, low-dose RJQM group, medium-dose RJQM group, and high-dose RJQM group. Normal mice were set as the control group. The blood flow of the lower limb was examined on days 7 and 14. At the end of animal procedures, blood samples were collected, and the rectus femoris of the left lower limb were harvested. Results revealed that mice in the ischemic group demonstrated low blood flow. Additionally, hematoxylin and eosin, and Masson staining results showed that inflammation of the rectus femoris was obvious in the ischemia group, and the level of fibrosis was increased. Blood flow was recovered in all treatment groups compared to the ischemic group, and the inflammatory infiltration and fibrosis of the rectus femoris were relieved after RJQM treatment. The serum levels of interleukin (IL)-17A and IL-21 were decreased, and the expression of JAK2/STAT3 proteins was inhibited in all RJQM treatment groups compared to the ischemia group. Furthermore, the improvement of IL-17A, IL-21, and rectus femoris fibrosis was more obvious with increasing treatment time. In conclusion, RJQM can effectively alleviate ASO and promote the recovery of lower limb blood flow by regulating the JAK2/STAT3 signaling pathway to reduce the inflammatory response.
Effect of HCH Nutrition Management Combined with Early Exercise Nursing on Nutrition Status and Postoperative Rehabilitation of Patients after Gastric Cancer Surgery
Authors: Pang Zengfen , Li Yuanyuan , Huang Amei , Li Xianghong , Liu Yuping , Meng Yingtao
Published: August 2022

Objective. The study aimed to analyze the effect of hospital-community-family (HCH) nutrition management combined with early exercise nursing on nutrition status and postoperative rehabilitation of patients after gastric cancer surgery. Methods. A total of 80 patients with gastric cancer admitted from January 2019 to June 2021 were selected and divided by the odd-even grouping method into two groups, i.e., 40 cases in the control group adopting routine nursing combined with early exercise nursing and 40 cases in the study group adopting HCH nutrition management; the nutrition status and postoperative rehabilitation of the two groups were compared. Results. The times of feeding, bowel sound, anal exhaust, and defecation in the study group after surgery were shorter than those in the control group, with a difference of statistical significance (

P
<
0.05

). 3 months after discharge, the scores of Patient-Generated Subjective Global Assessment (PG-SAG) in the study group were lower than those in the control group, while the body mass index (BMI), prealbumin, albumin, hemoglobin, and the score of the Gastrointestinal Quality of Life Index (GIQLI) were higher than those of the control group (

P
<
0.05

). Conclusion. Hospital-community-family nutrition management combined with early exercise nursing can improve the postoperative nutrition status of patients undergoing gastric cancer surgery and advance the time of postoperative exhaust and defecation.
Obstacle Avoidance Path Planning Algorithm of an Embedded Robot Based on Machine Vision
Authors: Shou Yiyang
Published: August 2022

Due to the lack of accurate modeling information in environment modeling, the traditional path planning algorithm for robot obstacle avoidance is of low accuracy. Therefore, this paper designs an obstacle avoidance path planning algorithm for embedded robot based on machine vision. First, the method of target edge detection is optimized in this paper. The edge detection results are obtained by color space transformation, and the complete target is obtained by edge fusion combined with surrounding pixel attributes. Then, the distance of the obstacle is measured by binocular depth ranging, and the longitudinal positioning of the robot is obtained, and the position of the obstacle is further obtained. Finally, a fuzzy control method for obstacle avoidance path planning is designed to obtain a complete planning scheme. The performance test results of the obstacle avoidance path algorithm show that the obstacle avoidance path planning scheme obtained by the algorithm designed in this paper has better performance in different obstacle avoidance test environments and can successfully avoid obstacles when the robot runs at high speed.
CNN-LSTM-Based Late Sensor Fusion for Human Activity Recognition in Big Data Networks
Authors: Baloch Zartasha , Shaikh Faisal Karim , Unar Mukhtiar Ali
Published: August 2022

The technological advancement in sensor technology and pervasive computing has brought smart devices into our daily life. Due to the continuous connectivity of the internet with our everyday devices, researchers can deploy IoT sensors to health care and other applications, such as human activity recognition. Most of the state-of-the-art sensor-based human activity recognition systems can detect basic activities (such as standing, sitting, and walking), but they cannot accurately distinguish similar activities (ascending stairs or descending stairs). Such systems are not efficient for critical healthcare applications having complex activity sets. This paper proposes two sensor fusion approaches, i.e., position-based early and late sensor fusion using convolutional neural network (CNN) and convolutional long-short-term memory (CNN-LSTM). The performance of our proposed models is evaluated on two publicly available datasets. We also evaluated the effect of different normalization techniques on recognition accuracy. Our results show that the CNN-LSTM-based late sensor fusion model also improves the recognition accuracy of similar activities.
An Anchor-Free 3D Object Detection Approach Based on Hierarchical Pillars
Authors: Ren Xudie , Li Shenghong
Published: August 2022

Object detection in the 2D domain is well developed owing to the wide application of CMOS image sensors and the great success of deep learning technologies in recent years. However, under circumstances such as autonomous driving, the variation of weather conditions and light conditions makes it impossible to perform reliable detection using regular 2D image sensors. 3D data generated by a Lidar or Radar is more robust to such environments, hence serving as an essential complement to 2D data in such scenarios. Well-established anchor-based detectors in the 2D domain suffer from time-consuming anchor configuration and cannot be exploited directly to process 3D data. This paper proposes an anchor-free network that encodes the raw point cloud into a hierarchical pillar representation to locate objects. Without predefined anchors and NMS postprocessing, our method directly predicts the center points and box properties to accomplish the detection task efficiently. In addition, a PCA-based initialization for the convolutional kernel is proposed to accelerate the training process. Experiments are implemented on the KITTI benchmark, and our method can achieve competitive performance with other anchor-based methods. Comprehensive ablation studies further verify the validity and rationality of each part of the proposed method.
Research on Training Model of Volleyball Based on Flexible Strain Sensing Network for Training
Authors: Yin Juan , Chen Mingming , Ge Yuhui , Song Qingyao , Zheng Hua
Published: August 2022

This paper provides an in-depth investigation and analysis of volleyball training patterns using a sensing network composed of flexible strain sensors. This paper models the motion of the hand and leg joints based on an improved human posture estimation technique. The pattern recognition of human motion used the fusion of acceleration sensor and spiral meter data, the output of human motion information from the spiral meter, combined with GA-BP neural network algorithm to repair and fuse the output information, effectively improving the accuracy of posture angle measurement. Based on wireless positioning technology, an improved RFID positioning algorithm combining the LANDMARC algorithm and weighted center-of-mass algorithm in wireless sensor network is proposed, and the positioning accuracy reaches 89.2%; and the error feedback mechanism is introduced to improve the improved algorithm, and the positioning accuracy is improved again by 3.2%. Finally, the two-way dynamic time regularization algorithm is used to align the input action with the standard action, and the action pose evaluation index is compared and analyzed for the action sequence after alignment to obtain the final action quality comparison analysis results. In this paper, the proposed method is applied in practical training, which can effectively locate the stance of athletes and evaluate their movement quality without disturbing them and can provide valuable analysis information to support coaches’ guidance.
TRIM65 Promotes Malignant Cell Behaviors in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer by Impairing the Stability of LATS1 Protein
Authors: Lu Yongbin , Xiao Yi , Yang Jingru , Su Hongxin , Zhang Xiaobin , Su Fei , Tian Baohong , Zhao Da , Ling Xiaoling , Zhang Tao
Published: August 2022

TNBC is a malignant tumor that easily relapses and metastasizes, with a poor prognosis in women. Ubiquitination plays a key role in promoting the tumor process. In various tumors, TRIM65 can affect malignant biological tumor behavior by ubiquitination of related proteins. We aimed to investigate TRIM65 expression in TNBC and whether it promotes malignant biological behavior in TNBC cells using Cell Counting Kit-8, colony formation, and transwell assays. Mechanically, we confirmed that TRIM65 promoted TNBC invasion and metastasis by ubiquitination of LATS1 protein through Co-IP, CHX, and endogenous ubiquitination experiments. The expression of TRIM65 was abnormally high and accelerated the proliferation, invasion, and migration of MDA-MB-231 and MDA-MB-453 cells. In vivo animal experiments also revealed that TRIM65 accelerated TNBC cell proliferation. Mechanistically, TRIM65 degraded LATS1 protein expression through ubiquitination in the Co-IP, CHX, and endogenous ubiquitination experiments. Rescue assays confirmed that TRIM65 degraded LATS1 protein expression, accelerating the proliferation, invasion, and migration ability of TNBC cells. Our results show that TRIM65 is upregulated in TNBC, and TRIM65 degrades LATS1 protein expression through ubiquitination and promotes malignant biological behavior in TNBC cells. TRIM65 may play an important role as a new oncogene in TNBC.
Anticancer and Anti-Inflammatory Mechanisms of NOSH-Aspirin and Its Biological Effects
Authors: Zhou Jun , Zeng Weihong , Zeng Ying , Li Yukun , Xiao Zheng , Zou Juan , Peng Lijun , Xia Jiliang , Zeng Xi
Published: August 2022

NOSH-Aspirin, which is generated from NO, H2S, and aspirin, affects a variety of essential pathophysiological processes, including anti-inflammatory, analgesic, antipyretic, antiplatelet, and anticancer properties. Although many people acknowledge the biological significance of NOSH-Aspirin and its therapeutic effects, the mechanism of action of NOSH-Aspirin and its regulation of tissue levels remains obscure. This is in part due to its chemical and physical features, which make processing and analysis difficult. This review focuses on the biological effects of NOSH-Aspirin and provides a comprehensive analysis to elucidate the mechanism underlying its disease-protective benefits.
Prioritizing CBs Maintenance and Identifying Mandatory Maintenance at Higher Priorities
Authors: Aranizadeh A. , Shahrtash S. M. , Gholami A.
Published: August 2022

Preventive maintenance (PM) based on condition monitoring of circuit breakers (CBs) provides proper and timely maintenance of CBs and reduces their failure rate as well as network costs. Condition monitoring of CB considers functional age (not natural age) of CB. This functional age depends on CB erosion. In this paper, CB condition assessment is obtained by monitoring the coil current and its duty cycles. Then, the maintenance priority between CBs of a power network is achieved using self-evaluation decision-making algorithm (SEDMA). This algorithm works in such a way that both the performance of CB is tracked by itself over time as well as compared to other CBs. First, this means the condition of the CB is measured by itself, and if the condition of the CB deteriorates over time, the CB will be given priority for repair. Second, the CB is compared offline with other CBs, and owing to the CB failures compared to other CBs, the priority of CB repair will be finalized. Then, using sensitivity analysis, it is determined whether the CB with the highest priority needs to be repaired or not, and the failure level of each CB will be specified. The case study in this paper concerns about two similar CBs. Also, the effect of improving the condition of the CB will be determined by performing maintenance operations. Eventually, it will be clear which CB has a higher priority for maintenance and whether this higher priority justifies the need for maintenance or not.