bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Soft Skills and Creative Activity: Analysis of Interconnection in the Education of Future Graphic Design Professionals
Authors: Vitchynkina Kateryna
Published: April 2024

The purpose is to conduct a comprehensive analysis of the correlation between soft skills and indicators of creative activity among future graphic design professionals, utilizing methods of theoretical analysis of educational standards. The relevance of this research is determined by the necessity to develop soft skills and creative activity in future professionals in graphic design within the framework of the contemporary job market.

Methodology. Theoretical methods involve a review of scientific literature to understand existing perspectives and research on soft skills and creative activity, aiming to elucidate key concepts and theories. Analysis and synthesis are employed to scrutinize educational programs, standards of People’s Republic of China (PRC) and the United Kingdom (UK), and industry-specific criteria in graphic design, identifying key elements related to soft skills and creative activity.

Results. The study characterizes and clarifies that educational standards recognize the importance of cultivating “soft skills” in future graphic design professionals. It highlights the interaction and complementarity of soft skills and personality traits, which define specific knowledge and abilities and reflect distinctive characteristics and values. The research compares soft skills (communication, creativity, problem-solving, critical thinking, and time management) with specific personality traits (interest, originality, independence, initiative, and energy) in the context of their interrelation in the field of graphic design.

Conclusions. Soft skills and indicators of creative activity are interconnected and mutually reinforce each other in the process of graphic design projects. Soft skills provide the foundation for the effective utilization of indicators of creative activity. It is pointed out that further research is needed to determine the levels of development of creative activity among future professionals in graphic design concerning the identified indicators.
The Impact of Learning Strategies on English as a Foreign Language Learners’ Reading Comprehension Skills Development
Authors: Wendaferew Desta , Berlie Abebe Damtew
Published: April 2024

Purpose. The aim of this study was to examine the impact of explicit reading strategy teaching English as a foreign language (EFL) on Ethiopian grade eleven learners’ reading comprehension skills, particularly, reading for the gist, detail, vocabulary, inference, and reference skills.
Methodology. A quasi-experimental design was used, involving eighty-seven students (43 students in the control and 44 students in the experimental group). The students of the experimental class were exposed to four months of explicit reading strategy training, but no training was given to the students in the control group. Reading comprehension tests were given to both groups before and after training.
Results. The independent sample t–test revealed that there was no significant difference between the control and the experimental group in overall reading comprehension before the training, whereas the results of multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA) for the post-test indicated students in the experimental group significantly outperformed their counterparts in terms of overall reading comprehension as well as the three reading comprehension skills, namely, reading for the gist, detail, and vocabulary. The post means of inference and reference skills for the experimental group were also higher than the post means of the control group though the differences were not statistically significant.
Conclusions. The study concluded that explicit reading strategy training promotes Ethiopian students' reading comprehension skills; hence, EFL students should be adequately supported and encouraged to use reading strategies to circumvent their reading comprehension difficulties.
The Prevalence of Internet Gaming Disorder and its Associated Factors Among College Students in Saurashtra Region, Gujarat, India
Authors: J. Gurjar Yamini , Nikita Savani , Himalay Joshi , Margi Jani , Rajveersinh Jadeja , Abhishek Jani , Harsh Hirpara , Jaydip Jambukiya
Published: April 2024

Background: Internet gaming has become popular in the last few decades; however, very few studies have been conducted on internet gaming in India. This study aimed to investigate internet gaming disorder (IGD), its prevalence, gaming behavior, and effects as well as multiple factors associated with its emergence among college students. Methods: This cross-sectional study involved a group of 150 college students. Data were collected using a semi-structured questionnaire containing the Internet Gaming Disorder Scale-Short Form (IGDS9-SF). Statistical analysis was done using Jamovi software. Findings: A total of 150 college student gamers were involved with a mean age of 18.69±0.10 years. The mean IGD score was 18.74 with a standard deviation of 0.53, while the median score was 18. The prevalence of IGD was 5.3% among the participants. The IGD prevalence was higher in male students and those whose mothers had a high school diploma or higher. Gamers who spent more than2 hours a day on games had significantly higher IGD scores (P<0.05). A significant association was also found between tingling/numbness in the hand while playing and physical pain with IGD (P<0.05). Conclusion: Spending more time playing online games was significantly associated with a higher risk of IGD. One negative consequence of IGD is the development of physical health issues. It is important to raise awareness about the physical health consequences of excessive gaming among students, parents, institutions, and concerned authorities.
Family-Based Contributors in Relapse and Relapse Prevention Among Patients with Substance Use Disorder: An Exploration of Risk and Prognostic Factors
Authors: M. Sonbol Hassan , A. Amr Mostafa , A. Simon Miriam
Published: April 2024

Background: Substance use disorder (SUD) remains a significant public health issue, with a high relapse rate even after detoxification treatment. Family dysfunction has been identified as a closely related factor contributing to relapse in individuals with SUD. The objective of this study was to investigate the mediating role of family climate in the relapse tendency among patients with SUD. Methods: The study employed a case-control design using the survey method. A total of 103 patients from the addiction unit daycare at Mansoura University Hospital were divided into 2 groups: the relapsed group and the abstinent group. The Relapse Tendency Questionnaire, the Family Climate Scale, and a structured interview were administered to collect sociodemographic data. Findings: The results revealed significant differences between the study groups in terms of sociodemographic risk factors, including marital status (P≤0.001), employment (P=0.043), and economic status (P=0.028). Additionally, a significant difference was observed between the study groups in terms of the Family Climate Scale (P=0.038). Female participants reported that familial factors had a greater influence on their relapse compared to male participants (P=0.005). Conclusion: A statistically significant difference was found in the family climate subscale scores between the relapsed patients and the abstinent patients with SUD, confirming the influential role of family climate in the relapse process of SUD.
Environmental Risk Factors in the Outbreak of Avian Influenza Infection (H5N1): A Case Study in Qom, Iran
Authors: Yari Ahmad Reza , Ghafuri Yadollah , Aali Rahim
Published: April 2024

Background & Aims: Based on reported evidence of an outbreak incidence of highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) in Qom province, this study aimed to evaluate the environmental risk factors in the outbreak of avian influenza infection in this province to provide essential data for developing effective interventions in infection control. Materials and Methods: The cross-sectional method was predicted and implemented in two specific phases. In the primary phase of the study, the necessary criteria were extracted using a questionnaire. In another part of the study, the characteristics and spread of the infection in Qom province were evaluated by DotMapper software. Results: From a total of 175 investigated farms, 95 farm units (54%) were infected and were positive for AI. The results showed that at least one of the environmental risk factors was not controlled in 86% of laying poultry farms and 66% of broiler poultry farms, according to the questionnaire. The findings of statistical analyses for the evaluation of environmental risk factors affecting AI infection in poultry farm units indicate that sanitary land disposal of infected poultry carcasses, waste and manure of birds (odds ratio [OR]=1.02), complete quarantine and installation of warning signs in contaminated areas (OR=0.55), the existence of facilities and performance decontamination, as well as the use of effective disinfectants for the disinfection of ventilators, disinfection of poultry vehicles, and equipment and manure of birds (OR=0.33) have a considerable association with AI infection on poultry farms in Qom province. Conclusion: Our findings revealed that control and monitoring of environmental risk factors as part of an effective surveillance system for the AI virus are key processes for the propagation and contribute to the spread of the infection.
The Effect of Fibroblast Growth Factor and Cold Atmospheric Plasma Treatment on Calcaneus Tendon Healing Activity in Rabbits
Authors: Omranifard Alireza , Jahandideh Alireza , Asghari Ahmad , Hesaraki Saeed
Published: April 2024

Objectives: Tendon recovery after a surgical operation or traumatic injury is still one of the challenges of rehabilitation. Many recently formulated treatments have been designed to improve these procedures. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of recombinant basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) and cold atmospheric plasma (CAP) on calcaneus tendon healing and regeneration in rabbit models. Material and Methods: This study subdivided 40 mature male New Zealand white rabbits into four groups (n=10 in each). The defect was made under general conditions, and the wound was closed without treatment. The experimental groups included sham (without treatment), bFGF (operated bFGF in the injured area), CAP (used CAP in the injured area), and bFGF/CAP (used both CAP and bFGF) in the injured area. This study used trichrome and reticulin stains to evaluate collagen production and other tissue factors. Also, hydroxyproline levels were measured for better observation of collagen synthesis. Pathological evaluation of the defective tendon was performed on days 60 and 120 after surgery. Results: The improvement of new and parallel tendon formation was the best in the bFGF/CAP group at both times, especially 120 days after surgery. An increase in hydroxyproline levels was also seen on the sampling days. Conclusions: The experiment showed that bFGF/CAP combination significantly improved tendon remodeling in the injured areas.
The Effect of Lifestyle Modification on the Recovery of Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease in Health Insurance Staff in Tabriz, Iran: A Randomized Clinical Trial
Authors: Javadi Leila , Moradi Soraya , Amirpoor Mohamadhossein , Majidi Vahid , Nikniaz Leila
Published: April 2024

Objectives: Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is among the most common liver diseases. In recent years, the prevalence of fatty liver disease has been mostly attributed to obesity, an unhealthy lifestyle, and poor eating habits, which, in addition to Western countries, have also been reported in Iran. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of lifestyle modification (physical activity and diet) on the recovery of NAFLD in health insurance staff in Tabriz, Iran. Materials and Methods: This randomized controlled clinical trial was conducted on 42 male and female NAFLD patients aged 20 to 55. The participants were randomly divided into intervention (diet along with aerobic exercise) (n=21) and control (without diet and exercise) (n=21) groups. The level of disease recovery was evaluated by measuring the level of liver enzymes (AST and ALT), liver ultrasound (to determine the degree of fatty liver), and body mass index (BMI) before and after three months of intervention. Paired and independent t-test, Mann-Whitney U test, and Wilcoxon test were performed using SPSS version 22 software. The clinical significance of the study was estimated using an epidemiological tool known as the number needed to treat (NNT). Results: No significant difference was observed between the two groups in anthropometric and biochemical parameters, as well as fatty liver grade. However, the decrease in BMI index in the intervention group was insignificant compared to the control group. The degree of liver recovery in the intervention and control groups was calculated to be 69.9% and 33.3%, respectively. Also, the decrease in fatty liver grade in the intervention group was significant compared to the control group (P = 0.028). There was a statistically significant reduction in the severity of fatty liver disease in the intervention group at the end of the research (NNT = 3.5), meaning that for every 3.5 patients with NAFLD treated with diet and exercise for 3 months, one patient showed improvement. Conclusions: This study showed that lifestyle modifications, such as physical activity and dietary habits, significantly affected fatty liver in NAFLD patients.
Histopathological Evaluation of the Application of Zinc Nanoparticles in Conjunction With Chitosan Dressing on the Wound Healing of Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Infected Skin Wounds in Rats
Authors: Abbaszadeh Abolfazl , Hosseini Hesammadin , Rajabzadeh Asghar , Zarei Leila
Published: April 2024

Objectives: Wound healing and tissue regeneration have raised serious challenges for healthcare systems worldwide, affecting both aesthetic and health-related aspects of the community well-being. Wound healing is a complex sequence of physical, cellular, and molecular events involving cell recruitment, proliferation, as well as the synthesis and accumulation of the new extracellular matrix components. The present study aimed to histopathologically evaluate the application of zinc nanoparticles in conjunction with chitosan dressing for the wound healing of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) infected skin wounds in rats. Materials and Methods: In this experimental investigation, 28 healthy male rats were randomly divided into 4 groups, each of which including 7 rats. The wound healing process was evaluated based on histopathological studies and biochemical findings on days 7, 14, and 21. Results: According to the results from the two-way ANOVA analysis, the means of wound area in the study groups were statistically and significantly different on all evaluated days (P<0.001). The highest wound area was associated with group III (i.e., wound with zinc oxide) on days 6, 18, 15, 12, and 9, while the lowest wound area was observed in group IV (i.e., wound with chitosan-nanoparticles-zinc oxide). A statistically significant difference was also found among the study groups in terms of the mean values of hydroxyproline (P<0.001). According to the post hoc Tukey test for pairwise comparisons, a significant difference was observed among all groups regarding the hydroxyproline values (P<0.001). Additionally, the highest collagen density was detected in the chitosan-nanoparticles-zinc oxide group. Conclusions: The application of biodegradable chitosan-nanoparticles-zinc oxide dressing significantly improved the histopathological and biochemical indices of the full-thickness skin wound healing. This study highlighted the effectiveness of chitosan-nanoparticles-zinc oxide dressing in wound healing enhancement, indicating its potential application in wound healing.
Biosynthesis and Characterization of Silver Nanoparticles Using the Sewage of a Leather Factory in Corn Steep Liquor
Authors: Faridi Aghdam Naeimeh , Moradi Shahram , Ebrahimi Sirous , Hamishehkar Hamed
Published: April 2024

Objectives: This study aimed to report a simple environmentally compatible method that is economically affordable for the facile biosynthesis of stable silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) in corn steep liquor (CSL) nutrient using the sewage of a leather factory. Materials and Methods: The biosynthesis of AgNPs were done by reduction of AgNO3 in the sewage of leather factory as a mixed bacterial culture and corn steep liquor under anaerobic condition while protecting from light. Results: The AgNPs were found to have a characteristic absorption peak at 416 nm on the ultraviolet-visible spectrum. Characterization of AgNPs was performed by x-ray diffraction (XRD) and Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR). The scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopes (TEM) images showed poly-dispersed spherical stable AgNPs with a maximum diameter of 20 nm. Moreover, the dynamic light scattering (DLS) showed that the average size of AgNPs was 15.57 nm with a zeta potential value of -19.2 mV. The synthesized nanoparticles demonstrated more antibacterial activity in opposition to gram-negative bacteria. The zone of inhibition of biosynthesized AgNPs in 1 mM concentration of AgNO3 against Escherichia coli was equal to that of gentamicin. Conclusions: The interaction of protein residues with AgNPs was identified, supporting that the proteins not only act as a reducing agent but also as a capping. The synthesized AgNPs showed antibacterial activity, providing commercial viability in biomedicine.
A Systems Innovation Perspective on Implementation and Sustainment Barriers for Healthy Food Store Interventions: A Reflexive Monitoring in Action Study in Dutch Supermarkets
Authors: Middel Cédric N.H. , Schuitmaker-Warnaar Tjerk Jan , Mackenbach Joreintje D. , Broerse Jacqueline E.W.
Published: April 2024

Background: Healthy food store interventions (HFIs) are an important health-promotion tool, but face implementation and sustainment barriers. This paper aims to explore the underlying factors that produce these barriers using an innovative systems innovation perspective, through the case study of a multi-component HFI. The HFI was implemented in a minor, national, cooperative supermarket chain, in the Netherlands, a competitive market where price-based competition is the norm. Methods: The HFI was implemented for 6-12 months, in six stores. It was implemented by the researchers, and maintained by store employees. The study applied a Reflexive Monitoring in Action approach, meaning that the researchers monitored stores’ adherence to the HFI, via store visits, to identify potential issues. Subsequently, the researchers interviewed the store managers responsible for the intervention, to have them reflect upon the barriers leading to these adherence issues, underlying systemic factors, and potential solutions. The stores implemented these solutions, and during the next monitoring visit the researchers evaluated whether the barrier had been resolved. Results: We found that the HFI often clashed with regular activities of the stores (e.g., competing over the same spaces) and that store managers generally prioritized these regular activities. This prioritization was based on the greater commercial value of those regular activities (e.g., selling unhealthy products) according to store managers, based on their beliefs and assumptions about commerce, health, and consumer preferences. Due to the limited resources of supermarkets (e.g., people, time, space), and the HFI often not fitting within the existing structures of the stores as easily as traditional practices, store managers often neglected the HFI components in favor of regular store activities. Conclusion: Our findings illustrate the systemic factors that produce implementation barriers for HFIs, and the dynamics by which this production occurs. These insights help future researchers to anticipate and respond to such barriers.
Analysis of the Prognosis Outcomes and Treatment Delay Among ST Segment Elevation Myocardial Infarction Patients in Emergency Department Based on the Presence of Symptoms Suggestive of COVID-19
Authors: Kwak David Samuel , Park Joonbum
Published: April 2024

Background: During COVID-19 pandemic, the emergency department was challenged to treat patients with COVID-19-related symptom. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate treatment delay and prognostic outcomes in ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) patients during COVID-19 pandemic due to isolation or precaution and compare it with pre-COVID-19 period. Methods: This was a retrospective observation study using multicenter data with different case mix. Anonymized data were collected through each center’s electronic medical data of common case report form. Primary outcomes were number and rate of in-hospital mortality within 28 days. Secondary outcomes were door-to-balloon time and length of stay in the emergency department. Kaplan-Meier estimation and COX proportional hazard regression analysis were performed to determine impact of predictors on 28-day in-hospital mortality. Results: Door-to-balloon time was longer in STEMI patients with COVID-19-related symptom(s) than those without symptom during the COVID-19 period (97.0 (74.8, 139.8) vs. 69.0 (55.0, 102.0) minutes, p < 0.001). However, there was no significant statistical difference in door-to-balloon time between STEMI patients with and without COVID-19- related symptom(s) during the pre-COVID-19 period (73.0 (61.0, 92.0) vs. 67.0 (54.5, 80.0) minutes, p = 0.2869). The 28-day mortality rate did not show a statistically significant difference depending on symptoms suggestive of COVID-19 during the pre-COVID-19 period (15.4% vs. 6.8%, p = 0.1257). However, it was significantly higher during the COVID-19 period (21.1% vs. 6.7%, p = 0.0102) in patients with COVID-19 suggestive symptoms than in patients without the symptoms. Conclusion: In Korea, symptoms suggestive of COVID-19 during the pandemic had a significant effect on the increase of door-to-balloon time and 28-day mortality in STEMI patients. Thus, health authorities need to make careful decision in designating symptoms indicated for isolation in emergency department based on opinions of various medical field experts.
Placing Trust at the Heart of Health Policy and Systems
Authors: McKee Martin , Schalkwyk May CI van , Greenley Rachel , Permanand Govin
Published: April 2024

Trusted interactions are crucial in health systems. Trust facilitates effective healthcare by encouraging patients to seek and adhere to treatment, enabling teamwork among health professionals, reducing miscommunication and medical errors, and fostering innovation and resilience. The COVID-19 pandemic underscored the importance of trust, highlighting the challenges in establishing and maintaining it, especially during crises when trust in authorities and health systems is vital for compliance and safety. However, trust is complex, varying with context and experiences, and is dynamic, easily lost but hard to regain. Despite its importance, trust is often overlooked in health policy and difficult to measure. Health systems and policymakers must recognize the importance of trust, measure it effectively, understand how it is built or eroded, and act to maintain and restore it. This involves acknowledging the past experiences of marginalized groups, involving communities in decision-making, and ensuring transparency and integrity in health practices and policies.
Comparative Efficacy of Postoperative Compression Methods After EVLT for Great Saphenous Vein Insufficiency
Authors: Tadayon Niki , Mousavizadeh Mostafa , Yousefimoghaddam Fateme , Jadidian Faezeh , Mirhosseini Mohammadmoein , Hadavand Naser
Published: April 2024

Introduction: The preference for endovascular techniques in treating varicose veins, particularly in the great saphenous vein (GSV), has increased due to their minimally invasive nature and reduced complications. Post-operative care, especially involving compression therapy, remains crucial to improve outcomes, prevent varicose vein recurrence, and enhance overall recovery. This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of eccentric compression therapy compared to alternative post-operative care methods following endovenous laser treatment (EVLT) for GSV insufficiency. Methods: This prospective randomized clinical trial encompassed 88 EVLT procedures for GSV insufficiency. The participants were divided into two groups, each receiving different postoperative compression methods, and were evaluated over a specified period. The primary outcome was the pain scale after EVLT; meanwhile, the secondary outcome measured in the present study was the rate of GSV occlusion after EVLT. Results: Both groups underwent all EVLT procedures successfully without any complications. At the one-month duplex ultrasound (DUS) follow-up, the sapheno-femoral junction occlusion rates were 97% (43 out of 44) for group A (eccentric compression plus gradual compression stocking) and 95% (42 out of 44) for group B (only gradual compression stocking). Ecchymosis was observed in only 12 patients across both groups, accounting for an overall occurrence of 13.6%. Group A patients reported significantly lower analgesic usage (10%) compared to group B (18%), although this difference did not reach statistical significance. Analysis of postoperative pain data utilizing the visual analog scale (VAS) showed a median value of 5.5 in group B patients, which decreased to 3.1 with the application of eccentric compression. Moreover, there was less ecchymosis in group A observed by one week. Conclusion: This study contributes to the ongoing discourse on the efficacy of postoperative compression in varicose vein treatment. It underscores the necessity for more comprehensive, well-designed studies to yield clearer conclusions and provide better guidance for post-procedure care.
In Vitro Photobiomodulation Effects of Blue and Red Diode Lasers on Proliferation and Differentiation of Periodontal Ligament Mesenchymal Stem Cells
Authors: Sayar Ferena , Garebigloo Ahmad , Saberi Sogol , Etemadi Ardavan
Published: April 2024

Introduction: This study aimed to assess the photobiomodulation effects of blue and red lasers on the proliferation and osteogenic differentiation of periodontal ligament mesenchymal stem cells (PDLMSCs). Methods: PDLMSCs were cultured and tested in 4 groups. The first two groups were exposed to 445 nm diode laser irradiation (200 mW, 6 and 12 J/cm2 ), and the third group was exposed to 660 nm diode laser irradiation (50 mW, 4 J/cm2 ). The fourth group was also considered as the control group without irradiation. Cell viability/proliferation was assessed by MTT assay. RUNX2, alkaline phosphatase (ALP), collagen type 1 (col1), and osteocalcin (OCN) were evaluated by RT-PCR, and Alizarin red was used to evaluate the colonization. The data were analyzed by means of one-way analysis of variance. Results: The results of our study showed that cell survival/proliferation in the second group was significantly lower than that in the control group on days 1 and 7 (P<0.05). RT-PCR showed a significant increase in osteogenic genes in all three laser groups compared to the control group (P<0.05). All groups showed a significant increase in calcium content compared to the control group (P<0.05). ALP activity also confirmed the osteoblastic differentiation of cells in laser groups. Conclusion: 445 nm and 660 nm lasers with the studied parameters showed positive effects on the proliferation and osteoblastic differentiation of PDLMSCs.
Photoinactivation Effects of Curcumin, Nano-curcumin, and Erythrosine on Planktonic and Biofilm Cultures of Streptococcus mutans
Authors: Ahrari Farzaneh , Nazifi Morteza , Mazhari Fatemeh , Ghazvini Kiarash , Menbari Shaho , Fekrazad Reza , Babaei Kourosh , Banihashemrad Ahmad
Published: April 2024

Introduction: This in vitro study was conducted to assess the phototoxic effects of curcumin, nano-curcumin, and erythrosine on the viability of Streptococcus mutans (S. mutans) in suspension and biofilm forms. Methods: Various concentrations of curcumin (1.5 g/L, 3 g/L), nano-curcumin (3 g/L), and erythrosine (100 μM/L, 250 μM/L) were examined for their impact on planktonic and biofilm cultures of S. mutans, either individually or in conjunction with light irradiation (photodynamic therapy or PDT). A blue light-emitting diode (LED) with a central wavelength of 450 nm served as the light source. The results were compared to 0.12% chlorhexidine digluconate (CHX) as the positive control, and a solution containing neither a photosensitizer (PS) nor a light source as the negative control group. The dependent variable was the number of viable microorganisms per experiment (CFU/mL). Results: Antimicrobial PDT caused a significant reduction in the viability of S. mutans in both planktonic and biofilm forms, compared to the negative control group (P<0.05). The highest cell killing was observed in PDT groups with curcumin 3 g/L or erythrosine 250 μmol/L, although the difference with PDT groups using curcumin 1.5 g/L or erythrosine 100 μmol/L was not significant (P>0.05). Antimicrobial treatments were more effective against planktonic S. mutans than the biofilm form. Conclusion: PDT with either curcumin 1.5 g/L or erythrosine 100 μmol/L may be suggested as an alternative to CHX to inactivate the bacteria in dental plaque or deep cavities. Nano-curcumin, at the selected concentration, exhibited lower efficacy in killing S. mutans compared to Curcumin or erythrosine.
The economic value of America’s beaches
Authors: Houston James R.
Published: April 2024

Travel and Tourism (T&T) is among America’s largest industries, its largest employer, and its largest producer of a trade surplus. It is also one of America’s healthiest industries and is projected to grow at twice the rate of the U.S. economy over the next 10 years. The U.S. is the world’s most competitive country in tourism, attracting more than three times the number of international tourists as any other country. Surveys have repeatedly shown that beaches are by far the most popular U.S. tourist destination. There are about 3.4 billion visits to U.S. beaches annually. This is an enormous number of visits — more than 225% times greater than the combined annual attendance at all National Park properties from the Washington Monument to the Grand Canyon; state parks; all amusement-park attractions such as Disney World; all professional and collegiate football, basketball, and baseball games; cruises; and events of the National Association for Stock Car Auto Racing. Beach tourists spend $240 billion annually, more than the value of all crops grown in America or oil exported by Saudi Arabia. They generate an economic output of $520 billion. U.S. tourism was hit hard during the coronavirus pandemic. However, unlike other tourism, beach tourism boomed during the pandemic, showing remarkable resilience as tourists flocked to beaches that they thought were safe because they were in the open air with plenty of sunshine. Since then, science confirmed the safety of beaches during the pandemic. Beach nourishment provides unprecedented economic return, sustainable employment, and storm-damage protection. It has an extremely high return-on- investment, with U.S. beach tourists generating annually about $3,000 in economic output, $1,400 in direct spending, and $200 in taxes for every $1 spent on nourishment. The $36 billion in taxes that U.S. beach tourists generate each year is over four times the total spent on all beach nourishment during the 100 years from the first beach nourishment in 1923 through 2022. Tourism jobs have boomed, providing one of every four new jobs in 2022. Moreover, tourism jobs in America cannot be outsourced and will not be impacted much by artificial intelligence. In addition to producing a booming economy by being a magnet for tourists, wide beaches and high dunes have been documented to provide billions of dollars in protection to land infrastructure during storms. However, beaches are threatened by erosion caused primarily by dams and navigation projects that greatly impact sand flowing to the coast and remaining in the littoral system. Beach nourishment is needed to mitigate this environmental impact and restore the balance.
U.S. coastal marsh restoration: The role of sediment placement
Authors: Brown Nicholas , Banks Brennan , Barrineau Patrick , Kerr Laura A. , Kar Devyani , George Douglas A. , Lewis Robert , Bassetti Luce
Published: April 2024

Coastal marshes are important ecosystems that provide numerous services but are rapidly becoming more vulnerable to degradation and erosion due to the effects of climate change. These effects jeopardize erosion control and storm protection, wildlife habitat, water quality, carbon sequestration, recreation, and other coastal-marsh benefits. As a result, determining marsh health and optimizing delivery of these services represents an important endeavor for coastal scientists, engineers, and managers. One option for improving marsh resilience and ecosystem function is sediment placement for expanding or restoring marshlands. However, coastal marshes in the United States vary in size, shape, and vegetation depending on the climate, boundary conditions such as geology, sediments, influx of freshwater, and external forces including wind, waves, currents, and tidal range. Coastal marshes in the Northeast, Mid-Atlantic, Southeast, Gulf Coast, California, Pacific Northwest, and noncontiguous U.S. are described, including their extent, value, and restoration needs. Examples of sediment placement marsh restoration projects in these regions are provided. Outlined is the current state of knowledge about sediment placement in coastal marshes, as well as current approaches to sediment placement across the United States. There is also a discussion of current best management practices (BMPs), including limitations of these projects.
Detach the Classroom from Delinquency – A Trend Analysis
Authors: Sigamani D. , Ugin Rositta M.
Published: April 2024

All children have the right to be how they want to be until that maintains the social norms of the country, they live in. If it is violated, it becomes anti-social/unlawful behaviour technically termed Juvenile Delinquency. In the growth and development of children, during adolescent period children establishes a high rate of delinquency around the world. The population of adolescents aged between 10 and 19 is estimated as ~1.2 billion in the world which constitutes 14.8 percent of overall population of the world. Among these 1 million children are kept behind bars in response to involvement of unlawful acts as stated by UNICEF. The purpose of the study is to analyse the status of delinquency in India according to the age group of the children. A Desk research approach was adopted for the present study by utilizing secondary data. The data from 2001 to 2021 (21 Years) was collected from the National Crime Records Administration (NCRB) and India Registry. The findings of the percentage and trend analysis revealed that children between 16 and below 18 are potentially involved in anti-social activities and the rate of involvement increasing every year since 2001 which likely to be increased in future too. This alarms the stakeholders to take necessary steps to reduce delinquency among late adolescents. It is recommended that the teachers, especially Higher Secondary Teachers need to be equipped to provide proper guidance services to students since the teachers are expected high social responsibility and possess significant role in the behavioural and academic well-being of children.
Role of Teacher in Guidance and Counselling Students with Special Needs
Authors: Pradeep Kumar V.
Published: April 2024

Counsellors make sure that children with special needs (CWSN) have access to the right kind of support and interventions to help them achieve better. A counsellor can also help teachers and staff become more aware of the needs of CWSN and the strategies needed to address those needs. This guarantees complete wellbeing in terms of social, emotional, and behavioural domains in addition to academic progress. This essay discusses the role that educators play in guiding and counselling students who have special needs, as well as the crucial services that school counsellors offer.
Current Status of Inclusive Education in India
Authors: Indumathi T.
Published: April 2024

India has exhibited a robust commitment to ensuring that all children, including those with disabilities, have access to fundamental education rights. Being an early adopter of the United Nations Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities (CRPD), India emphasizes providing inclusive and high-quality education for children with disabilities. Central to India’s educational mandate is the principle of inclusive education, ensuring free and compulsory education for all children aged 6 to 14. This approach encompasses various groups, including children from remote communities, minorities, and those with disabilities, who are integrated into inclusive classrooms. Policies such as the Right of Children to Free and Compulsory Education Act, 2009 (RTE), the ‘no rejection policy’ of the SarvaShikshaAbhiyan (SSA), and recognition of education as a fundamental right under Article 21A of the Indian Constitution drive this inclusive agenda. These policies have facilitated the integration of children with disabilities, also known as children with special needs (CWSN), into mainstream schools, regardless of the severity of their disabilities. The National Curriculum Framework (2005) emphasizes child-centered pedagogy to address the diverse challenges associated with inclusive education in India.
Colloborative Learning in Professional Education: Role of National Education Policy-2020
Authors: Somanadh K. V.
Published: April 2024

As outlined in the National Education Policy 2020, the cultivation of professionals should include three fundamental elements: a grounding in the ethical and societal significance of public service, specialized instruction in their chosen disciplines, and an education for practical application. These three elements are essential for fostering holistic development in professionals. Furthermore, professional education ought not to be constrained within the narrow boundaries of one’s field of expertise. Rather, it should actively promote critical thinking, interdisciplinary cooperation, and cultivate an atmosphere conducive to discourse, deliberation, exploration, and creativity. These institutions should provide holistic and comprehensive education that goes beyond disciplinary boundaries. By the year 2030, all educational institutions, regardless of their focus on professional or general education, should aim to seamlessly integrate both aspects. Collaborative Learning serves the purpose of the country by ensuring the students contribute equally and share the workload. It also allows students to embrace new challenges and collaborate with their peers on different aspects of their subject while learning.
Special Education Teachers Professional Development in Inclusive Education for the Persons with Disabilities (Divyangjan)
Authors: Rajamani S. , Nirupalini D.
Published: April 2024

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Understanding Inclusive Education, the Barriers and Ways to Promote Successful Inclusion in Our Education
Authors: Sivaguru R. , Irudhaya Mary M.
Published: April 2024

The concept of Inclusive Education (IE) has gained prominence in recent years, emphasizing the need to create learning environments that cater to diverse abilities, backgrounds, and learning styles. This abstract delves into Understanding Inclusive Education (UIE), exploring the barriers hindering its effective implementation, and proposing strategies to promote successful inclusion in our educational systems. Understanding inclusive education involves recognizing and valuing the unique characteristics and needs of every learner. Inclusive education extends beyond merely accommodating students with disabilities to encompass a broader viewpoint that celebrates diversity in aspects such as race, socio-economic status, language, and other factors. The objective is to establish an educational environment that promotes a sense of inclusion and fairness for every student, irrespective of their distinctions. Despite the widespread acknowledgment of the significance of inclusive education, various obstacles impede its effective implementation. These barriers may include limited resources, inadequate teacher training, societal attitudes, and systemic policies that do not prioritize IE. Addressing these challenges requires a comprehensive approach that involves policymakers, educators, parents, and the community. To promote successful inclusion, it is essential to adopt evidence-based practices and provide continuous professional development for educators. Collaboration among stakeholders is crucial to creating supportive networks that facilitate the sharing of knowledge and resources. Moreover, schools need to implement flexible teaching methods and assessment strategies that accommodate diverse learning styles. This abstract highlights the multifaceted nature of inclusive education, acknowledging the challenges that impede its progress while proposing collaborative and evidence-based solutions to foster successful inclusion in our educational systems. By recognizing and overcoming these barriers, we have the opportunity to establish an educational setting that genuinely respects and caters to the diverse requirements of every learner, thereby laying the groundwork for a more inclusive and fair future.
Promoting Inclusive Education for Sustainable Development: A Comprehensive Research Perspective
Authors: Ambika V. , Sheeja Vayola V.
Published: April 2024

Inclusive education, aiming at providing equitable access to quality education for all learners, including those with disabilities, has gained recognition as a key component of sustainable development. This research article explores the pivotal role of inclusive education in fostering sustainable development and examines the myriad of challenges and opportunities associated with its implementation. Drawing on an extensive review of existing literature and empirical evidence, the article highlights the importance of inclusive education in promoting social inclusion, economic empowerment, and environmental sustainability. It also identifies key strategies and best practices for advancing inclusive education to achieve Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). Addressing barriers to inclusion while promoting diversity, equity, and social justice in education can contribute significantly to building more inclusive, resilient, and sustainable societies.
Assistive and Adaptative Devices in Inclusive Education
Authors: Kanmani T.
Published: April 2024

Assistive technology incorporates a variedchoice of tools and strategies that are intended to compensate for specific abilities. These can range from simple, low-tech devices such as crutches or specialized pen grips, to more advanced options like hearing aids or glasses. Inclusive classrooms can benefit from high-tech devices like computers with specialized software that assist dyslexic students in reading. The focus of this paper is to emphasize the rehabilitative and adaptive aspects of technology in the context of an inclusive classroom, as these technical aids and assistive equipment greatly enhance the effectiveness of the teaching and learning process.
A Study on How Climate Change Affects South Asia
Authors: Thelma E. , Ramanan M. K.
Published: April 2024

South Asia is vulnerable and most affected by adverse impacts of climate change. The study examines the impact of climate change on South Asia during the past years and predict future, resulting in unprecedented heat waves and drought in summers followed by abnormal rains and floods during the monsoon season. Agriculture is the backbone of South Asia’s economy, which has been devastated by both drought and floods. This research argues that water security is an emerging national security challenge for South Asia. The article investigates the status of water availability with relation to the burgeoning population, agriculture, and other uses of water. The impact of abnormal melting of glaciers, the no availability of dams for storage of rainwater, and lack of smart means for agricultural water have been examined to empirically validate the arguments.
Determinants of Happiness at Workplace - An Analysis
Authors: Lidia Susan S. , Sam Deva Asir R. M.
Published: April 2024

Management of employee has become the most challenging elements of any organisation/ institution. Highly skilled employee are the asset of an organization who need to be perfectly aligned and motivated regularly and happiness becomes essential for these type of employees. Bishop Heber College has a strong Culture and intensely believe that the development of the institution lies on the job satisfaction of the employee which is influenced by Happiness. The aim of the study is to assess the happiness, wellbeing and aspects of resilience among the Teaching Community of Bishop Heber College, Tiruchirappalli. The universe of this study is 552 which include 99 staff from Aided stream and 453 from Self-finance stream. Simple Random Sampling method is used to collect the data. This study was conducted using Google forms. The form was sent to 264 respondents using Lottery method. The Survey approach was adapted using self-administered questionnaire and Determinants of Happiness at Workplace Scale. Nearly half (49.24%) of the respondents are aged between 31yrs to 40yrs, more than half (55.30%) of the respondents are from Science Departments and majority (85.22%) of the respondents belongs to Self-finance Stream. Less than half (43.18%) of the respondents monthly income are between Rs 25,100 to Rs 50,000.Less than half (46.21%) of the respondents are having less than five years of experience and a considerable few (7.95%) are having more than 21 years’ of experience and few (7.19%) of the respondents are having more than 16 years of experience at Bishop Heber College. The Study reveals that as the years of experience increases, the level of happiness also increases among the teaching community of Bishop Heber College.
A Study on Factors Influencing Job Satisfaction of Employees in Banking Sector of India - An Investigation
Authors: Sumithra K.
Published: April 2024

For any Organization, a satisfied human resource is an asset. Nowadays, business organizations are considering working force as the source of advantage which raises both tangible and intangible benefits for the concern. It is termed as employees’ satisfaction and well-being. This study examines various factors influencing job satisfaction of employees in the private banking sector. It includes 103 employees as samples selected from 9 private sector banks in South region (Tamil Nadu) of India using simple random sampling method. A structured questionnaire is used for collecting Primary data and was analyzed using the mean and chi-square test. This study mainly focused three categories of factors such as Personal Factors, Job Related Factors, and Organizational Factors. All the factors were given importance in a sequence. In demographic information of respondent employees, the results shows that there is a significant relationship between socio-economic and demographic variables such as Gender, Designation, Age, Experience, Work Status, Marital Status, Nature of Family, Number of Dependents, Income and job satisfaction; whereas, there is no significant relationship between Nature of the Job, Qualification and job satisfaction.
Challenges in Educating about Sustainability and Development Theory
Authors: Prathap S.
Published: April 2024

The idea that brought the world to rethink development emerged from limits to growth and offered humanity to give a different direction to development theory. This article proposes to examine and explore sustainability as a goal in the life of individuals and to understand whether the growing consciousness among people results in some affirmative action by developing a critique of the key concept of sustainability and interconnectedness.