bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Siglec-15 Regulates the Inflammatory Response and Polarization of Tumor-Associated Macrophages in Pancreatic Cancer by Inhibiting the cGAS-STING Signaling Pathway
Authors: Li HuaGen , Zhu RongXuan , Liu XiaoLong , Zhao Kai , Hong DeFei
Published: September 2022

Tumor-associated macrophages especially M2 phenotype macrophages play an important role in tumor progression and the formation of immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment. Previous studies indicated that infiltration of a large number of M2-macrophages was positively associated with a low survival rate and poor prognosis of patients with pancreatic ductal cancer. However, the mechanisms responsible for M2-macrophage polarization remain unclear. Recently, Siglec-15 appears as an emerging target for the normalization of the tumor immune microenvironment. Hence, we detected the Sigelc-15 expression on macrophages by using qPCR and Western blot assay and found that the expression of Siglec-15 was upregulated on M2 macrophages induced by IL-4 and conditioned media from pancreatic ductal cancer. In addition, after knocking out Siglec-15, the expression of M2 phenotype macrophage biomarkers such as Arg1 and CD206 was significantly downregulated. Besides, in our study we also found that Siglec-15 could upregulate the glycolysis of macrophage possibly by interacting with Glut1 to regulate the M2-macrophage polarization. The regulation was also partly dependent on STING, and Glut1-related glycose metabolism was involved in regulating cGAS/STING signaling. When utilizing a subcutaneous transplantation mouse model, we observed that knocking out of Siglec-15 or co-injecting tumor cells with macrophage from Siglec-15 KO mice could significantly inhibit the growth of subcutaneous tumors in mice. Taken together, these findings suggest that Siglec-15 is essential for the M2-macrophage polarization to shape an immune suppressive tumor microenvironment in pancreatic cancer and makes it an attractive target for pancreatic cancer immunotherapy.
Controllability of Mild Solution of Nonlocal Conformable Fractional Differential Equations
Authors: Hannabou Mohamed , Bouaouid Mohamed , Hilal Khalid
Published: September 2022

In many research works Bouaouid et al. have proved the existence of mild solutions of an abstract class of nonlocal conformable fractional Cauchy problem of the form:

d

α

x

t

/
d

t

α

=
A
x

t

+
f

t
,
x

t

,
x

0

=

x

0

+
g

x

,
t
∈

0
,
τ

.

The present paper is a continuation of these works in order to study the controllability of mild solution of the above Cauchy problem. Precisely, we shall be concerned with the controllability of mild solution of the following Cauchy problem

d

α

x

t

/
d

t

α

=
A
x

t

+
f

t
,
x

t

+
B
u

t

,
x

0

=

x

0

+
g

x

,
t
∈

0
,
τ

,

where

d

α

.

/
d

t

α

is the vectorial conformable fractional derivative of order

α
∈

0
,
1

in a Banach space

X

and

A

is the infinitesimal generator of a semigroup

T

t

t
≥
0

on

X

. The element

x

0

is a fixed vector in

X

and

f

,

g

are given functions. The control function

u

is an element of

L

2

0
,
τ

,
U

with

U

is a Banach space and

B

is a bounded linear operator from

U

into

X

.
Incidental Findings of Asymptomatic Fungal Infection
Authors: Manila Nisha , Nair Madhu , Liang Hui
Published: September 2022

Fungal sinusitis of the paranasal sinuses is a rare infection in healthy individuals but is relatively common in immunocompromised patients. It is often misdiagnosed and frequently a severe disease, as a few forms of it are linked with a higher mortality rate. Effective handling necessitates a speedy analysis and often counts on radiological findings. On cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) analysis, a bulky polypoid-shaped lesion with a density close to that of soft tissue in CBCT was visualized in the right ethmoid and sphenoid sinuses. There was a significant expansion of the borders of the right ethmoid sinus, and discontinuity or perforation of the sphenoid sinus floor was suspected from CBCT images. Non-contrasted multi-detector computed tomography (MDCT) exhibited opacification and extension of the lesion into the majority of sinuses with dense inspissated materials in the center, which resembled radiographic features of invasive fungal sinusitis. Computed tomography (CT) scan of the maxillofacial region, specifically paranasal sinuses, plays a considerable role in diagnosing fungal sinusitis. In a majority of cases, fungal sinusitis is noticed and diagnosed in immunocompromised patients. However, it is also seen in healthy patients in very rare circumstances, similar to the patient in this report. If the patient is treated rapidly, the prognosis is fair. We present a case of fungal sinusitis in an otherwise healthy young male patient to increase awareness among dental professionals.
Relationship Analysis between Psychological State of College Students and Epidemic Situation Based on Big Data Mining
Authors: Xiang Jian , Zhang Yanjun
Published: September 2022

COVID-19 is a sudden and highly contagious infectious disease, which has a very bad impact on the psychology of college students in early adulthood. In order to grasp the psychological state of college students in real-time, this work studies the psychological state of college students during COVID-19. First, this study introduces the relevant theories of data mining, and the research object and method are determined. Then, the features of the model are analyzed and constructed from two aspects which are static features and dynamic features, and the characteristics related to the psychological state are excavated. Finally, the GA is selected to build the model and the model is evaluated; the results show that the model can accurately predict the psychological state of students during COVID-19.
Treatment of Severe Hip Dysplasia with Leg Length Discrepancy Using Spherical Periacetabular Osteotomy
Authors: Takeda Yu , Fukui Tomokazu , Fukunishi Shigeo
Published: September 2022

Case. A 20-year-old woman with severe subluxation of the hip displayed a leg length discrepancy of approximately 20 mm. The proposed treatment was a spherical periacetabular osteotomy (SPO) for joint preservation and postoperative leg length maintenance. SPO is a novel periacetabular osteotomy procedure. At her 3-year follow-up, the patient had functional, pain-free motion and high satisfaction. In this case, the SPO technique was able to achieve satisfactory clinical results without further exacerbating the leg length discrepancy after surgery.
Effects of Chitosan-Coated Microdiet on Dietary Physical Properties, Growth Performance, Digestive Enzyme Activities, Antioxidant Capacity, and Inflammation Response of Large Yellow Croaker (Larimichthys crocea) Larvae
Authors: Liu Jiahui , Xu Wenxuan , Liu Yongtao , Wang Yuntao , Zhang Jianmin , Wang Zhen , Mai Kangsen , Ai Qinghui
Published: September 2022

A 30-day feeding trial was designed to investigate the physical properties of chitosan-coated microdiet (CCD) and the effect of CCD on survival, growth performance, activities of digestive enzymes, intestinal development, antioxidant capacity, and inflammatory response of large yellow croaker larvae (initial weight:

3.81
±
0.20
 
mg

). Four isonitrogenous (50% crude protein) and isolipidic (20% crude lipid) microdiets were prepared with different concentrations of chitosan wall material by spray drying method (0.00%, 0.30%, 0.60%, and 0.90%, weight (chitosan) : volume (acetic acid)). Results showed that the lipid encapsulation efficiency (control: 60.52%, Diet1: 84.63%, Diet2: 88.06%, Diet3: 88.65%) and nitrogen retention efficiency (control: 63.76%, Diet1: 76.14%, Diet2: 79.52%, Diet3: 84.68%) correlated positively with the concentration of wall material (

P
<
0.05

). Furthermore, the loss rate of CCD was significantly lower than the uncoated diet. Larvae fed the diet with 0.60% CCD had significantly higher specific growth rate (13.52 and 9.95%/day) and survival rate (14.73 and 12.58%) compared to the control group (

P
<
0.05

). Larvae fed the diet with 0.30% CCD had significantly higher trypsin activity in pancreatic segments than the control group (4.47 and 3.05 U/mg protein) (

P
<
0.05

). Larvae fed the diet with 0.60% CCD had significantly higher activity of leucine aminopeptidase (7.29 and 4.77 mU/mg protein) and alkaline phosphatase (83.37 and 46.09 U/mg protein) in the brush border membrane than those of the control group (

P
<
0.05

). The intestinal epithelial proliferation- and differentiation-related factors (zo-1, zo-2, and pcna) in larvae fed the diet with 0.30% CCD had higher expression than those of the control group (

P
<
0.05

). When the concentration of wall material reached 0.90%, the larvae had significantly higher superoxide dismutase activity than that of the control group (27.27 and 13.72 U/mg protein) (

P
<
0.05

). Meanwhile, malondialdehyde contents were significantly lower in larvae fed the diet with 0.90% CCD than that of the control group (8.79 and 6.79 nmol/mg protein) (

P
<
0.05

). 0.30%~0.60% CCD significantly increased the activity of total nitric oxide synthase (2.31, 2.60, and 2.05 mU/mg protein) and inducible nitric oxide synthase (1.91, 2.01, and 1.63 mU/mg protein) and had significantly higher transcriptional levels of inflammatory factor genes (il-1β, tnf-α, and il-6) than those of the control group (

P
<
0.05

). The results indicated chitosan-coated microdiet had great potential in feeding large yellow croaker larvae in addition to reducing nutrition loss.
Conjoined, Two-Monopole Antenna Pair with Decoupling Inductor for Wi-Fi 6E Notebook Applications
Authors: Su Saou-Wen , Juan Peng-Hao , Chang Fa-Shian
Published: September 2022

A low-profile, conjoined and yet decoupled two-monopole design for Wi-Fi 6E notebook applications is presented. The single monopole antenna has a small size of 4 mm × 18.7 mm. The antenna is composed of a two-branched monopole with two shorting inductors for producing the 5 GHz (5150–5825 MHz) and 6 GHz (5925–7125 MHz) bands, and an inductor loaded at one branch end and connecting to a tuning portion for 2.4 GHz (2400–2484 MHz) operation. Two symmetrical monopoles are further conjoined by a chip inductor that connects the open ends of the tuning portions, forming a compact footprint of 4 mm × 38.4 mm for the two-notebook antenna design. With the use of the decoupling inductor and a proper two-monopole arrangement, acceptable isolation and a low envelop correlation coefficient (ECC) can be attained.
[Retracted] Analysis of the Relationship between Scleritis and T Cell Activation in Patients with Hepatocellular Carcinoma Treated with PD‐1 Carrelizumab
Authors: Yuan Yazhen , Pan Shuaixi , Zou Changpeng , Guo Yan , Zhang Changwang , Zheng Zheng , Wu Ninghan , Li Na
Published: September 2022

In order to explore the function of inhibiting the immune effect, the relationship between programmed death receptor 1 (PD‐1) carrelizumab in the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma‐induced scleritis and T cell activation is investigated. A total of 120 patients with primary liver cancer treated in the department of oncology of our hospital from July 2020 to January 2022 are selected and treated with carrelizumab. According to the occurrence of PD‐1 carrelizumab treatment, the patients are divided into the scleritis group and nonscleritis group. The levels of T cells, PD‐1, PD‐L1 proteins, and serum inflammatory factors at different time points are compared. The experimental results show that the occurrence of scleritis after liver cancer treatment with PD‐1 carrelizumab is closely associated with Treg cells, the percentage of Th17 cells, the expression of PD‐1, PD‐L1 proteins, and inflammatory factors. It is clearly evident that PD‐1 carrelizumab can increase the risk of scleritis by affecting T cell activation.
Emotional Expression and Analysis in Music Performance Based on Edge Computing
Authors: Ma Jiajia
Published: September 2022

The expression of emotion in music performance is the soul of music, and the emotion revealed by the performer during the performance can bring emotional resonance to the audience. The emotions expressed by music such as joy, anger, and sadness are the meaning of music’s existence. Music without emotion will be dead. However, the music itself has no emotion at all; it is just a regular sound, so the emotional reading of music performance is very important. Music performance is an interpretation of music, and it is the most important emotional information and communication medium for human beings. Through the appreciation of the works to express the author’s emotions, the different performance forms of musical instruments, dance, and singing bring emotional resonance to the audience. Edge computing is the core technology and edge node of the Internet of everything in the new era, and it is constantly innovating with the rapid development of computers and the great changes brought about by them. Nowadays, people’s demand for emotional information processing of music performances has also increased. The research attention to music performance and the attention to its application technology have also received unprecedented development, so the requirements for the ability of human and machine interaction are getting higher and higher. With the increasing maturity of multimedia and communication technologies, there is an increasing expectation of using computers to express human thoughts and emotions. By combining the two, Dongfeng’s expression and analysis of music emotions through edge computing have also ushered in new developments. For example, people upload or share music and dance videos to their friends through WeChat, QQ, Douyin, etc., which greatly enriches people’s emotional world. The analysis and judgment of music emotion are the main subject of the joint development of both musicology and psychological research. With the help of computer science technology and artificial intelligence and other tools, the purpose of music emotional research can also be achieved. Particularly with the advancement of science and technology and the vigorous development of computer application technology, people’s needs for emotional expression and analysis of music can now be carried out with the help of computers. However, the amount of data generated is extremely large, and using edge servers for data processing can improve the efficiency of analysis and processing to meet people’s needs.
The Implementation Path of Labor Education in Applied Universities Driven by Artificial Intelligence Technology
Authors: Luo Yingying
Published: September 2022

Labor education is an endogenous demand for the construction and development of applied colleges and universities, and it is of great significance for the times to promote the construction of applied colleges and universities. The labor spirit shaping of college students in applied colleges and universities is conducive to helping college students grow up to be the new man of the times, promoting the core task of transformation and development of applied colleges and universities and meeting the construction needs of a modern educational power with the socialism of Chinese characteristics. In view of the outstanding problems of cognitive bias, inaccurate positioning, one-sided means, and disregard of results in the process of shaping labor spirit in applied colleges and universities, the university should grasp the three key words of local, applied, and open system construction in the stage of spirit generation, use specific tactics to promote the combination of educators, educated and educational influence in the stage of spirit strengthening, and form the overall style and action of interpreting labor spirit by the struggle in the stage of spirit sublimation. In the stage of spiritual sublimation, the overall style and action consciousness of interpreting the spirit of labor by struggle are formed. Cultivating students’ technical application ability, nurturing quality spirit, and cultivating students’ sense of professional identity and responsibility are the value demands of labor education in applied colleges and universities. In view of the problems of the implementation path of labor education in applied colleges and universities, a labor education status assessment model based on artificial intelligence technology is proposed for establishing the value goal of talent cultivation in applied colleges and universities as the guide and promoting the effective labor education in applied colleges and universities in the new era by continuously solving various problems in labor education and cultivating qualified socialist builders and successors.
Evaluation of Cortical Bone Thickness of Posterior Implant Sites Using CBCT in Iraqi Population
Authors: Hassan Nuhad A , Al-Jaboori Aseel S. Khazaal , Al-Radha Afya Sahib Diab
Published: September 2022

Background. Cortical bone thickness (CBT) is a critical factor for implant success and for determining the long-term dental implant treatment outcome. Objectives. The objective of this investigation was to examine posterior cortical bone thickness buccally and lingually in dentate and edentulous implant sites according to gender. Materials and Methods. CBT of 160 patients requiring a single posterior tooth implant was investigated by CBCT. The study included 80 males and 80 females. CBT was measured for implant edentulous sites at 3 levels including crestal bone (level 1), five mm from the crest (level 2), and ten mm from the crest (level 3). CBT was also measured for dentate sites at 3 levels including crestal bone (level 1), midroot bone (level 2), and apical portion (level 3). The differences of bone thickness between the levels of dentate sites were statistically analyzed using a Kruskal–Wallis one-way analysis of variance. Mann–Whitney test was used to determine the specific differences between group members. For the edentulous site, a one-way ANOVA was used. Results. CBT increased gradually from the crestal level to the apical level in all groups (buccal and lingual side, male and female). However, CBT at lingual side was statistically higher than that at buccal side in all groups. The mean value of CBT was significantly higher in males than females for both edentulous and dentate site. The dentate site shows a higher CBT in the apical level than the edentulous group in both male and female/buccal and lingual groups. Conclusion. CBT at the coronal levels is low and susceptible for resorption compared to the apical portion, especially for the female group. Moreover, CBT is thicker in males than females. It is essential to measure the CBT before making a treatment plan with dental implant prosthesis.
[Retracted] Effect of Exercise Intervention on Internet Addiction and Autonomic Nervous Function in College Students
Authors: Zhang Wei , Xu RuiLin
Published: September 2022

Objective. To investigate the effects of 12‐week physical exercise (jogging, basketball, and outdoor training) on sleep quality, harmful mood, and heart rate variability (HRV) in college students with Internet addiction. Methods. 46 college students with Internet addiction were chosen and then randomly assigned to the Internet addiction group (IA, n = 23) and the Internet addiction exercise group (IA+EX, n = 23). The subjects in the IA+EX group underwent physical exercise for 12 weeks (three times per week), and the IA group did not perform regular physical exercise during the experiment. Then, the degree of Internet addiction, depression, and sleep quality were evaluated by using Young’s Internet Addiction Test (IAT) scale, Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression (CES‐D) scale, and Pittsburgh sleep quality index (PSQI); HRV were measured by using Polar Team 2 before and after physical exercise intervention. Results. (1) After the 12‐week exercise, compared to preexercise intervention, the scores of IAT, CES‐D, and PSQI significantly decreased (t = 12.183, 9.238, 5.660; P < 0.01) in the IA+EX group; compared with the IA group, the scores of IAT, CES‐D, and PSQI significantly decreased (t = 2.449, 3.175, 4.487; P < 0.05, P <0.01) in IA+EX group college students with Internet addiction. (2) After the 12‐week exercise, compared to preexercise intervention, LFn and the ratio of LF/HF significantly decreased (t = 5.650, 3.493; P < 0.01) and HFn significantly increased (t = −2.491, P < 0.05) in the IA+EX group; there were no significant differences in the above indexes before and after the experiment in the IA group (P > 0.05). Compared with the IA group, HFn significantly increased (t = 3.616, P < 0.01) and the ratio of LF/HF significantly decreased (t = 2.099, P < 0.01) in IA+EX group college students with Internet addiction; there was no significant difference in LFn between the two groups. Conclusion. Long‐term physical exercise could significantly reduce the degree of Internet addiction and depression, improve sleep quality, and balance sympathetic parasympathetic function of college students with Internet addiction, indicating that exercise‐based intervention might be an effective way to alleviate or even eliminate Internet addiction.
Dielectric and Impedance Spectroscopic Investigation of (3-Nitrophenol) -2,4,6-Triamino-1,3,5- Triazine: An Organic Crystalline Material
Authors: Kanagathara N. , Sankar S. , Saravanan L. , Natarajan V. , Elangovan S.
Published: September 2022

This article presents the investigation of dielectric and impedance spectroscopic properties of an organic product of 3-nitrophenol -2,4,6-tri amino-1,3,5- triazine (3NPTAT) single crystal, synthesized from melamine and m-nitrophenol. Comprehensive dielectric studies and charge transportation properties of the grown 3NPTAT crystal are given. The dielectric characteristics of the specimen were carried out in the frequency range of 50 Hz and 5 MHz at different temperatures, namely, 313 K, 333 K, 353 K, and 373 K. From the spectra, it was observed that the slowdown occurs at low temperatures, and the hopping mechanism takes place based on localized charge carriers. The impedance spectroscopic results indicate that there is a single relaxation process that occurs at high frequencies. The variation detected in the material properties of 3NPTAT corresponding to the temperature and frequency has been discussed in detail.
The Evaluation of the Cultural Diversity Effect by Using Picture Books with a Preschool Teacher
Authors: Zhang Xiaoyue
Published: September 2022

Cultural diversity is endorsed by many educators as a major teaching concept due to its significance for the achievement of social equity in education. Recently, the use of picture books to promote principles related to cultural diversity has become a rising trend in early childhood settings. This study examined Chinese preschool teachers’ attitudes toward using picture books to teach cultural-diversity-related topics and their reported practices. Seven preschool teachers from four institutions located in Shanghai, China were surveyed and semiinterviewed. The study identified three key findings: (1) teachers interpreted cultural diversity in a restricted way and were usually unaware of themselves teaching the concept of cultural diversity; (2) teachers adopted a multifaceted approach of selecting picture books used for teaching cultural diversity and conceived illustrations as the most important book selection criteria; and (3) teachers often supplemented picture book sharing with first-hand experiences. The study results have important implications for preschool teachers, curriculum designers, and organizations that provide training for preservice and in-service early childhood educators. The analysis results show that the proposed system has a great and positive impact on the early childhood education of students and is helpful for the teachers to teach cultural diversity-related topics to their students in an easy and effective way.
Existence Results for Impulsive Fractional Integrodifferential Equations Involving Integral Boundary Conditions
Authors: Karthikeyan Kulandhaivel , Reunsumrit Jiraporn , Karthikeyan Panjaiyan , Poornima Sadhasivam , Tamizharasan Dhatchinamoorthy , Sitthiwirattham Thanin
Published: September 2022

This research paper is devoted to investigating the existence results for impulsive fractional integrodifferential equations in the form of Atangana - Baleanu - Caputo (ABC) fractional derivative, by using Gronwall–Bellman inequality and Krasnoselskii’s fixed point theorem to study the existence and uniqueness of the problem with integral boundary conditions. At the end, the examples are illustrated to verify results.
Computer 3D Scene Simulation of Ecological Landscape Layout Planning
Authors: Ling Tong , Ma Yun
Published: September 2022

There are some problems in traditional 3D landscape construction and virtual display, such as inflexible landscape spatial organization and limitations of virtual garden simulation in reality. Virtual reality, virtual plants and geographic information systems, and other technologies are used. Based on parameterized method in constructing 3D landscape scene, the main elements of the landscape were, respectively, constructed and rendered in 3D model, and a complete 3D landscape scene construction model was formed. OpenGL shader language was used for rendering, improved NSGA-II algorithm was used with the help of bionic logic of the genetic evolution process to achieve landscape land allocation optimization. The experimental result shows: through 3D scene view clipping hierarchical detail model and other techniques, the frame rate of 3D landscape vegetation scene drawing was improved. The interactive 3D scene browsing is realized, and the six-degree-of-freedom omni-directional display of the whole landscape is provided.
The
K
Extended Laguerre Polynomials Involving

A

α

r
,
n
,
k

x

F

r

r

,
r
>
2
Authors: Khan Adnan , Mateen M. Haris , Akgül Ali , Ali Md. Shajib
Published: September 2022

In this manuscript, we present the generalized hypergeometric function of the type

F

r

 

r

,
r
>
2

and extension of the

K

Laguerre polynomial for the

K

extended Laguerre polynomials

A

r
,
n
,
k

α

x

. Additionally, we describe the

K

generating function,

K

recurrence relations, and

K
S

Rodrigues formula.
[Retracted] Risk Factors for Pulmonary Metastasis in Differentiated Thyroid Carcinoma Patients and the Significance of Changes in Matrix Metalloproteinase 13 and microRNA‐142 Levels
Authors: Zhang Xiaoyang , Lu Zhenqi , Zhang Guannan , Li Shuai , Zhao Aiguo , Miao Yayun , Wang Wensheng
Published: September 2022

This work aims to explore the risk factors of lung metastasis (LM) in differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC) (LM‐DTC) and the effect of treatment and to detect the relationship between LM‐DTC and the levels of matrix metalloproteinase‐13 (MMP‐13) and micro ribonucleic acid (RNA)‐142 (miR‐142) in peripheral blood. The data of 420 patients with DTC who are admitted from March 2020 to December 2021 are collected and divided into a non‐metastasis group (non‐LM group) of 400 cases and metastasis group (LM group) of 20 cases according whether the mung metastasis is found. In addition, risk factors of LM‐DTC are analysed and compared. The results of multivariate logistic analysis show that age, disease course, and imaging timing are independent influencing factors of the radionuclide treatment effect. Follicular carcinoma, abnormal expressions of MMP‐13, and miR‐142 can increase the risk of LM‐DTC. MMP‐13 and miR‐142 can be undertaken as auxiliary diagnostic biological indicators.
Design of a Higher Education Question and Answer System Based on Multimodal Adversarial Networks
Authors: Fu Xinyi
Published: September 2022

Higher education question and answer system is a current research hotspot in the field of natural language processing and artificial intelligence, which can return accurate answers directly and also allow users to input in natural language, avoiding the need to return large collections of valid and invalid data links for users to filter twice. In recent years, deep learning techniques have made great progress in the field of natural language processing, thus making it possible to apply it in the field of teaching and learning in junior high school. Most of the traditional quiz systems based on traditional retrieval techniques have problems such as insufficient semantic portrayal of text, inability to extract semantic features in context, and poor processing of complex utterances. In order to fill the gap and deficiencies of question and answer systems in junior high school teaching, this paper applies multimodal and adversarial network-related technologies to build a multimodal adversarial network-based question and answer system for higher education. The experimental results show that the principles of the traditional application system and the multimodal adversarial system designed in this paper are similar, but the current application system is relatively more effective.
Effect of Different Surface Treatments on the Long‐Term Repair Bond Strength of Aged Methacrylate‐Based Resin Composite Restorations: A Systematic Review and Network Meta‐analysis
Authors: Hadilou Mahdi , Dolatabadi Amirmohammad , Ghojazadeh Morteza , Hosseinifard Hossein , Alizadeh Oskuee Parnian , Pournaghi Azar Fatemeh
Published: September 2022

This systematic review and network meta‐analysis is aimed at investigating the effect of common surface treatments on the long‐term repair bond strength of aged resin composite restorations and to rank and compare these surface treatments. In vitro studies evaluating the methacrylate‐based resin composites subjected to rigorous aging protocols before and after being repaired with a new composite were included. A frequentist network meta‐analysis was carried out using a random effects model. P scores were used to rank the efficacy of the surface treatments. Also, the global and node‐split inconsistencies were evaluated. Web of Science, PubMed/Medline, Scopus, and Embase databases were searched until July 07, 2022. Twenty‐six studies were included in the meta‐analysis. The results showed that the application of silane and a total‐etch (shear MD 32.35 MPa, 95% CI: 18.25 to 46.40, P score 0.95; tensile MD 33.25 MPa, 95% CI: 25.07 to 41.44; P score 0.77) or a self‐etch (shear MD 38.87 MPa, 95% CI: 21.60 to 56.14, P score 0.99; tensile MD 32.52 MPa, 95% CI: 23.74 to 41.29; P score 0.73) adhesion protocol subsequent to the roughening with diamond bur produced the highest (micro)tensile and (micro)shear bond strengths compared to diamond bur alone as the control group. There was no difference between self‐ and total‐etch adhesive protocols. Mechanical surface treatments yielded greater bond strength when used alongside the chemical adhesive agents. Further, it is possible to achieve acceptable repair bond strength using common dental clinic equipment. Therefore, clinicians could consider repairing old resin composites rather than replacing them.
Unsteady Radiative Maxwell Fluid Flow over an Expanding Sheet with Sodium Alginate Water-Based Copper-Graphene Oxide Hybrid Nanomaterial: An Application to Solar Aircraft
Authors: Chandrasekaran S. , Satyanarayana Gupta M. , Jangid Sanju , Loganathan K. , Deepa B. , Chaudhary Dinesh Kumar
Published: September 2022

The primary heat source from the sunlight is solar energy, which is used in photovoltaic panels, solar power plates, photovoltaic streetlights, and solar-based hybrid nanocomposites. A hybrid nanofluid is traversing an expanding sheet in this investigation. Maxwell fluid stream with two nanoparticles is going towards a trough with a parabolic form and is situated within the solar aircraft wing to investigate the phenomena of heat transfer rate. The term solar thermal radiation was introduced to describe heat transfer occurrence. The effectiveness of heat transmission from airplane wings is assessed by taking into account unique phenomena such as magnetic field and heat source. The bvp4c procedure was applied to quantitatively explain the energy and motion equations with MATLAB software. The copper (Cu) and graphene oxide (GO) nanosolid particles are mixed with sodium alginate (SA), a common liquid, to form the nanosolid particles. Numerous control variables are thoroughly examined, including temperature, shear stress, motion, friction component, and Nusselt number. The skin-friction coefficient upsurges with a growing magnetic impression. The upsurge in Deborah number reduces the skin-friction coefficient. The heat source impression declines the heat transport rate but upsurges the skin-friction coefficient. The skin-friction coefficient and heat transport rate increase with growing magnetic impression. When it comes to heat transfer analysis, hybrid nanofluid efficiency is substantially superior to that of regular nanofluid.
Simultaneous Determination of B1, B2, B3, B6, B9, and B12 Vitamins in Premix and Fortified Flour Using HPLC/DAD: Effect of Detection Wavelength
Authors: Albawarshi Y. , Amr A. , Al-Ismail K. , Shahein M. , Majdalawi M. , Saleh M. , Khamaiseh A. , El-Eswed B.
Published: September 2022

Simultaneous determination of water-soluble B vitamins is a troublesome analytical procedure since they have greatly variable structures and acid-base properties which imposed difficulties on eluting them in short time and selecting wavelength of detection. The aim of the present study was to develop a simple method that overcomes these difficulties. The method was successful in simultaneous determination of B1, B2, B3, B6, B9, and B12 in premix and fortified flour by extracting vitamins with 0.1% (w/v) of ascorbate and ethylene diamine tetra-acetic acid (EDTA) solution followed by eluting using gradient mobile phase consisting of 0.03% trifluoroacetic acid aqueous solution (pH 2.6) and acetonitrile on high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) instrument coupled with diode array detector (DAD). Elution of vitamins was completed within 9.3 min, and the lowest values obtained for limit of quantification (LOQ) for B1, B2, B3, B6, B9, and B12 were 0.6, 0.2, 0.8, 0.3, 0.5, and 0.7 μg/mL, respectively, at four wavelengths of 361, 280, 265, and 210 nm. In general, variation of wavelength of detection in the range from 210 to 361 nm affects sensitivity but had a marginal effect on the linearity and LOQ of the developed method and its application for determining B vitamins in premix and fortified flour. The 210 nm wavelength exhibited the highest sensitivity though resulted in higher values of B vitamins in fortified flour with respect to 265, 280, and 361 nm. Noteworthy, determination of B2 and B12 in the premix at 361 nm had relatively high RSD values compared to the lower wavelengths. Thus, wavelengths in the range from 265 to 280 may be more favorable over 210 and 361 nm. The method reported in the present work does not require any sample cleanup/preconcentration steps, and chromatographic elution was achieved in 9.3 min without the need for ion-pairing reagents.
Digital Core Modeling Based on Pretrained Generative Adversarial Neural Networks
Authors: Zhang Qing , Wang Benqiang , Liang Xusheng , Li Yizhen , He Feng , Hao Yuexiang
Published: September 2022

Accurately establishing a 3D digital core model is of great significance in oil and gas production. The physical experiment method and numerical modeling method are common modeling methods. With the development of deep learning technology, a variety of deep learning algorithms have been applied to digital core modeling. The digital core modeling method based on generative adversarial neural networks (GANs) has attracted wide attention due to its good quality and simple generation process. The disadvantage of this method is that the network needs thousands of trainings to achieve acceptable results. For this reason, this paper proposes to use the pretrained GANs for digital core modeling training, which can greatly reduce the number of network training while ensuring the core modeling effect. We can use the presented method to quickly complete the training and use the trained generator model to obtain multiple digital cores. By analyzing the quality of the generated cores from multiple aspects, it is revealed that the properties of the generated cores are in good agreement with the ones of the real core samples. The results indicate the reliability of the pretrained GAN method.
Predicting the Line Loss for a 10 kV Distribution Network Using AGA-BPNN
Authors: Zhao Ao
Published: September 2022

With the rapid development of power grids, it is essential for these grid enterprises to pay more and more attention to the comprehensive reduction of power loss. Due to a large number of medium voltage power network based on distribution phenomenon nodes and power loss, it is difficult to collect accurate data of more than 20% of the total power loss of the network based on distribution phenomenon. Based on the above problems, it is significant to propose a method to quickly and accurately predict the losses in line of the 10 kV network based on distribution phenomenon. The improved BP neural network model and adaptive evolutionary algorithm programming can effectively analyze the 10kV transmission and distribution problems and reduce the line loss in the transmission project. The line loss prediction model mainly includes data cleaning, electrical characteristic index system, determination of the number of nodes in the BPNN hidden layer, and losses in line prediction. For this purpose, AGA-BPNN is proposed in this paper. Additionally, cable quality, power factor management, and reduction resistance are some parameters that can help lower the losses in lines. The author studies the performance of the losses in the line prediction model before and after the improvement of BPNN to validate the application impact of the AGA-BPNN algorithm in losses in line prediction of a 10 kV network based on distribution phenomenon. This technique has benefits of rapid convergence and great accuracy over ordinary BPNN. The simulation and computation of the example validate the suggested approach.
Study on Gas Migration Law of Mining Coal Seam under the Influence of Normal Fault
Authors: Kang Xiangtao , Tang Meng , Jiang Mingquan , Zhou Cunliu , Hu Jinguo , Ren Jiachi , Deng Bozhi
Published: September 2022

In order to study the coupling law of mining and gas migration in close coal seams in fault structure area, taking the coal mining face in Guizhou as the research background, the development of mining fracture field and gas migration law of No. 5 coal seam and No. 9 coal seam were studied. Based on the development of mining-induced fracture field in coal seam, the fracture distribution was binarized and quantitatively analyzed by using fractal dimension, and the gas migration law of mining-induced fractures in No. 5 coal seam and No. 9 coal seam was simulated and studied. The results show that under the condition of U-shaped ventilation, the gas accumulates seriously in the upper corner of the mining fracture field, and the gas generally floats and accumulates to the separated layer development area of the overlying strata. Due to the existence of faults, even if the mining-induced fracture field in goaf of No. 9 coal seam is within the mining-induced pressure relief range of No. 5 coal seam, the gas concentration in the mining-induced fracture field is still high, and the variation gradient of gas concentration is large. The gas will circulate actively and accumulate easily near the fault structure, and the gas concentration at the high level of the fault is slightly higher than that at the low level. The research results can provide some reference for the mining of close coal seams in the fault structure area, the comprehensive prevention and control of gas, and the safe and efficient production of coal mines.
Characteristics Associated with Barriers to Eye Care: A Cross-Sectional Survey at a Free Vision Screening Event
Authors: Atta Sarah , Zaheer Haniah A. , Clinger Owen , Liu Peggy J. , Waxman Evan L. , McGinnis-Thomas Dana , Sahel José-Alain , Williams Andrew M.
Published: September 2022

Introduction: Social determinants of health can limit access to regular eye care, but their role in ophthalmology is underexamined. The purpose of this study is to assess the relationship between patient characteristics and self-reported barriers to eye care. Methods: This anonymous, cross-sectional survey was conducted at a 2-day free eye clinic event in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. Adult patients presenting for vision screening were eligible to participate. Patient characteristics (demographics, health status) and self-reported barriers to eye care were collected. Predictors of barriers to eye care were analyzed using binary logistic regression. Results: Of 269 eligible, consecutive patients approached for survey completion, 183 comprised the volunteer sample. The 183 participants (105 female patients [59%]) had a mean (standard deviation) age of 53 (15) years and generally self-identified as Black (74, 46%) or White (67, 41%). While a third reported having no health insurance (60, 34%), the remaining two-thirds of participants had public (84, 48%) or private coverage (34, 19%). Three-quarters of respondents reported at least one barrier to receiving regular eye care (136, 76%), most commonly medical costs (89, 50%) and insurance issues (73, 41%). Not having health insurance or vision insurance was strongly associated with reporting at least one barrier to care (OR: 5.00, p = 0.002, and OR: 7.46, p < 0.001, respectively). Those with self-reported eye disease were more likely to report transportation difficulties (OR: 4.45, p = 0.013), and employed participants reported difficulty getting time off work to attend eye exams (OR: 7.73, p = 0.002). Finally, compared to Black race, White race was associated with a higher likelihood of reporting any barrier to care (OR: 2.79, p = 0.013). Conclusion: Three-quarters of vision screening attendees reported at least one barrier to regular eye care, most commonly medical costs and insurance.
БАКТЕРІОФАГИ: АКТУАЛЬНІ ПИТАННЯ ВИПУСКУ ПРЕПАРАТІВ-ФАГІВ ТА ОЦІНКА ЇХ АКТИВНОСТІ
Authors: Деркач С. А.
Published: September 2022

Висвітлено проблемні питання вчення про бактеріофаги, їх особливості, методики виявлення фагочутливості, перспективи застосування фагових препаратів з лікувальною метою.

Ефективність літичної дії фагів залежить не лише від їх специфічності та вірулентності, а й цілого ряду умов застосування. Та, поряд з декларованою ефективністю фагів, їх практичне застосування незавжди дозволяє досягти бажаного ефекту. Так, не виключено, що в процесі послідовного прийому протягом 7-10 діб відбувається адаптація фага і селекція найбільш активних фагових частин.

У кожному регіоні циркулюють не лише госпітальні, але й позалікарняні, спонтанно мінливі штами умовно-патогенних мікроорганізмів (УПМ). Відповідно у різних осередках циркулює значна кількість штамів бактеріофагів, більша частина яких володіє слабкою вірулентністю.

Реєструється істинна лізогенність, а також псевдолізогенія. При цьому, на відміну від істинно лізогенних штамів, псевдолізогенні є сумішшю фагів і культур, які резистентні до конкретного бактеріофага. При цьому частина чутливих клітин може бути лізована, а решта залишається резистентною, але не містить при цьому профага.

Знання особливостей бактеріофагів дозволяє уникнути ряду помилок як при отриманні діагностичних та лікувальних препаратів-фагів, так і при застосуванні їх з практичною метою, тобто досягти високої ефективності фаготерапії.
КЛІНІКО-ЛАБОРАТОРНІ ОСОБЛИВОСТІ УРАЖЕННЯ НИРОК У ХВОРИХ НА COVID-19
Authors: Москалюк В. Д. , Андрущак М. О. , Соколенко М. О.
Published: September 2022

Мета – визначення поширеності захворювання нирок і частоти гострого ураження нирок у когорті дорослих пацієнтів із COVID-19.

Пацієнти і методи. В нашому проспективному досліденні взяло участь 92 хворих на COVID-19, які перебували на стаціонарному лікуванні в інфекційному відділенні та у відділенні інтенсивної терапії обласної клінічної лікарні. Критеріями включення були хворі з позитивним тестом на SARS-CoV-2. Зразки відбирали при ушпиталенні. При встановленні діагнозу брали до уваги клініко-епідеміологічні дані та результати лабораторних методів дослідження.

Результати і обговорення. Розвиток гострого ураження нирок (ГУН) на тлі Covid-19 спостерігається частіше у пацієнтів із хронічною хворобою нирок. Результати поточного дослідження показали, що у хворих на хронічну хворобу нирок (ХХН) розвиток ГУН призводив до прискорення летальності.

У нашому дослідженні у 45 пацієнтів (48,9 %) було діагностовано ГУН, усі вони входили в групу тяжко­хворих. У 14 (15,2 %) пацієнтів розвинулось ГУН, 9 пацієнтів мали ХХН в анамнезі. У 37 пацієнтів була протеїнурія, у 32 – 1,0 г/добу, у 5 – 2,0 г/добу у 8 – гематурія, у 15 – протеїнурія та гематурія.

Через невеликий розмір вибірки ми не змогли дослідити зв’язок між ГУН і смертністю. Крім того, при ушпиталенні швидкість клубочкової фільтрації (ШКФ) істотно не відрізнялася між двома групами. Кореляційний аналіз Спірмена показав, що вік, стан пацієнта, рівень інтерлейкіну-6 (ІЛ-6) також позитивно корелювали з ГУН; однак, кількість лімфоцитів та рівень ШКФ під час ушпиталення були негативно пов’язані з ГУН. Пацієнти з ГУН були старшими, переважали чоловіки та мали тяжче захворювання, порівняно з пацієнтами без ГУН. Тим часом пацієнти з ГУН частіше мали супутнє захворювання (47,5 проти 21,5 %, Р<0,001).

Висновки. Пацієнтам із хронічною хворобою нирок слід рекомендувати вживати додаткових запобіжних заходів, щоб мінімізувати ризик зараження вірусом.

Наявність хронічної хвороби нирок слід розглядати, як важливий фактор у майбутніх моделях стратифікації ризику для COVID-19.

Групу ризику станолять пацієнти, які мали внутрішнє ураження нирок до моменту госпіталізації, проте більшість пацієнтів з COVID-19 становлять особи без захворювання нирок в анамнезі.

Частота ураження нирок серед пацієнтів з COVID-19 може коливатися від 1 до 13 %, а розвиток гострого ураження нирок є предиктором ризику, пов’язаний із високою госпітальною смертністю.

Рівні IL-2, IL-4, інтерферону (IFN)-α або IFN-γ між двома групами не відрізняються, проте цитокіни рівня IL-6, можуть викликати внутрішньониркове запалення і призвести до розвитку ураження нирок.

У пацієнтів, які були госпіталізовані із підвищеним рівнем креатиніну в сироватці крові, тривалий час зберігається збільшення кількості лейкоцитів та нижчий рівень лімфоцитів і тромбоцитів.
ФУНКЦІОНАЛЬНІ ТА СТРУКТУРНІ ЗМІНИ ЩИТОПОДІБНОЇ ЗАЛОЗИ ХВОРИХ НА АВТОІМУННИЙ ТИРЕОЇДИТ З ГІПОТИРЕОЗОМ У ПІСЛЯКОВІДНОМУ ПЕРІОДІ
Authors: Остапчук В. О. , Остапчук В. А.
Published: September 2022

COVID-19 є тяжким імуносупресивним захворюванням, яке може спричинити загострення існуючих автоімунних захворювань організму. Не є винятком й автоімунний тиреоїдит (АІТ), прогресування якого може спричинити зміни структури і функції щитоподібної залози. Актуальним є вивчення особливостей клінічного перебігу наявного АІТ у післяковідному періоді.

Мета роботи – вивчити зміни структури та функції щитоподібної залози у хворих на АІТ із субклінічним і маніфестним компенсованим гіпотиреозом, які перехворіли на COVID-19 середньої тяжкості.

Пацієнти і методи. Обстежено 35 осіб віком від 21 до 49 років, хворих на АІТ, які перехворіли на COVID-19 середньої тяжкості. Тривалість захворювання на АІТ становила від 4 до 10 років. У всіх вивчали через 2 та 6 міс. після перенесеного COVID-19 функціональну здатність щитоподібної залози і компенсацію гіпотиреозу за показником тиреотропного гормону (ТТГ) в сироватці крові, структуру залози – за результатами ультразвукового дослідження (УЗД).

Результати досліджень та їх обговорення. Встановлено, що у всіх хворих на АІТ COVID-19 спричинив посилення структурних змін щитоподібної залози і зниження її гормонопродукуючої функції. Структурні зміни паренхіми залози прогресували у межах одного з двох варіантів ультразвукової картини (гіпоехогенного та гетерогенного або псевдомікровузлового). У половини хворих на субклінічний гіпотиреоз у післяковідному періоді розвинувся маніфестний гіпотиреоз. У них виявлено значніше зниження синтезу гормонів, яке потребувало збільшення дози замісної терапії.

Висновок. У післяковідному періоді у хворих на АІТ відбувається прогресування лімфоцитарної інфільтрації паренхіми щитоподібної залози, поглиблення структурних змін і зниження її гормонсинтетичної функції.