bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
İKİ ASRIN OZANI JAMBIL JABAY ULI
Authors: GÜNGÖR Ahmet
Published: December 2022

Öz
Jambıl Jabay ulı iki asra damgasını vurmuş, çarlık dönemi, Bolşevizm, komünizm sistemini yaşamış, iki dünya savaşı görmüş, sözlü ve yazılı edebiyat geçiş döneminin nadir ozanlarından biridir. Şiir, deyiş, atışma ve destanlarıyla Orta Asya’dan Anadolu ve Balkanlara uzanan Türk ozanlık, aşıklık geleneğini ileriye taşıması, dönem ve zamanlara tanıklık etmesi; halk edebiyatı araştırmacılarının dikkatini çekmektedir.
Jambıl ozanı Kazak sözlü ve yazılı edebiyatı sınırları içinde değerlendirmek yeterli değildir. Kazak, Türk Dünyası ve destanlar yaratan dünya ozanları arasında haklı bir şöhrete sahip ozanın yetenek, bilgi becerisi ve deyişlerinin kendinden sonra gelen yeni nesil ozanlar üzerinde etkisi çoktur. Kazak atışma, destanlarının yanısıra Kırgızların Manas destanını icra etmiş, başta Toktogul olmak üzere Kırgız ozanlarla da atışmalar yapmıştır. Bütün bu özellikleri arasında toplumsal duyarlılığı en üst seviyeye çıkaran ozan, halka zulmeden acımasız yönetici ve zenginleri şiir ve atışmalarında korkusuzca hicvetmiştir.
Köroğlu ve Ötegen Batır Destanları, Jambıl Ozan’ın destancılık geleneğinde zirveye çıkarmıştır. İcra ettiği bu destanlar eş zamanlı ve art zamanlı incelendiğinde Ergenekon’dan bu yana Türk Destan geleneğinin tipik özelliklerini yansıtır. Köroğlu destanının üç dört bölümü kayıtlara geçmesine rağmen ozanın icra ettiği diğer bölümler arşiv ve kayıtlarda halen araştırılmaktadır. Gerek destan gerekse atışma ve deyişlerde yer alan yer-su, boy, soy adları; toponim ve dilcilik alanının önemli ve zengin kaynaklarını oluşturmaktadır.
Halo assay to assess mitophagy v1
Authors: not provided nguyen.tha
Published: December 2022

This protocol describes how to assess mitophagy using Halo assay developed by Mizushima lab (DOI: 10.7554/eLife.78923).
Biofilm growth with starch treatment v1
Authors: Bartholdy Bjorn
Published: December 2022

Protocol to grow mature, mineralised oral biofilm with starches. Modified from protocol by Sissons et al.: Sissons, C. H., Cutress, T. W., Hoffman, M. P., & Wakefield, J. S. J. (1991). A Multi-station Dental Plaque Microcosm (Artificial Mouth) for the Study of Plaque Growth, Metabolism, pH, and Mineralization: Journal of Dental Research. https://doi.org/10.1177/00220345910700110301
Advances in Transparency and Right to Access Information in The Czech Republic
Authors: Janderová Jana
Published: December 2022

Purpose: The article examines the advances in the transparency of the Czech public administration since the 1990s. Transparency is subtly intertwined with accountability, promotes democracy, and helps to prevent misuse of power or other types of illegal acting. Thus, the right to access information must be interpreted broadly enough, yet there are other rights such as privacy or trade secrets which must be respected at the same time. The paper therefore explains the balance between those rights that has been achieved through years of court interpretation. It explores the advances in the courts’ views and the resulting improvements in the administrative practice, as well as the relationship between the right to information and accountability.Design/methodology/approach: The author studies the crucial provisions of the Act on Free Access to Information. Based on an analysis of the interpretation by the Czech Supreme Administrative Court and the Czech Constitutional Court of the most questionable issues – such as the determination of which public institutions are considered obliged entities, the exemptions from the duty to provide information, remedies, and payments for complicated data searches – the paper shows the developments over the past 23 years. The paper also seeks to identify the relationship between the outcomes of the analysis, i.e. the confirmed advances, and the accountability od administrative bodies which should theoretically result therefrom.Findings: The case law on the interpretation of individual legal provisions is rather favourable to a broad access to information, restricting the exemptions and other obstacles. However, the article argues that in order to take full advantage of the gains in the area of free access to information brought about by the carefully argued case law and subsequent improvements of the obliged entities approach, the resulting accountability still needs to be elaborated.Academic contribution to the field: The research contributes to administrative science by addressing the practical application of laws on transparency issues. It shows the importance of court support to an interpretation broad enough to balance other rights, such as the right to privacy. It provides a background for further research of the consequences, i.e., accountability.Originality/significance/value: An overview of the evolution of court decisions interpreting controversial legal provisions is provided. The gaps between the advances in the implementation of the principle of transparency and the theoretically resulting accountability are identified.
Kinking in LPSO Mg-Zn-Y Alloys and Other Layered Materials
Authors:   ITMO University, Russia, Kaminskii V.V. , Abe E. ,   University of Tokyo, Japan, Kawamura Y. ,   Kumamoto University, Japan, Dorogin L.M. ,   ITMO University, Russia, Romanov A.E. ,   ITMO University, Russia,   Ioffe Physical-Technical Institute, Russia
Published: December 2022

Kink band formation (kinking) in layered materials is reviewed. Metal alloys with a long period stacking ordered structure (LPSO) based on Mg-Zn-Y system along with other layered materials demonstrating laminar structure at various scales are put into focus. Despite the variety of layered materials, most of them have common patterns in formation of kinks during deformation. We consider kinking as a specific mechanism of plastic deformation that is illustrated by experimental and theoretical data accumulated in the academic literature during more than five decades of research.
Graphene Intercalation with Iron and Cobalt: a Brief Review
Authors:   ITMO University, Russia, Lobanova E.Yu. ,   Ioffe Institute, Russia
Published: December 2022

The attractiveness of graphene, a two-dimensional crystal consisting of carbon atoms arranged in a hexagonal lattice, for various technological applications stems from its outstanding physical, mechanical and optical properties. The intercalation of magnetic metal atoms under graphene is a flexible tool for creating new functional materials for electronics and spintronics. In this review, we consider the works devoted to the intercalation of graphene by iron and cobalt atoms, where graphene on a metal (graphene sythesized by chemical vapor deposition method) and dielectric (graphene grown on silicon carbide) substrate is used as the initial structure.
THE INFLUENCE OF MILITARY ACTIONS ON ATMOSPHERIC AIR QUALITY IN UKRAINE
Authors:   Taras Shevchenko national University of Kyiv, Yatsenko Y.
Published: December 2022

During the research of the assessment of the consequences of military actions on atmospheric air quality, general scientific research methods were used: methods of analysis and synthesis, which involve the collection, analysis and generalization of information. Information on the assessment of the consequences of military actions on atmospheric air quality in Ukraine and the world was collected, analyzed, structured and summarized. The main sources of emissions of pollutants during military operations were analyzed and identified. It was established that they can be divided into three groups: 1) emissions of pollutants as a result of explosions and shelling of industrial facilities; 2) emissions of pollutants due to fires in ecosystems; 3) emissions due to the burning of fuel by military transport. A number of pollutants entering the atmospheric air from the specified sources have been identified. All pollutants are divided into three groups. The first group is the main pollutants (PM2.5, PM10, O3, SO2, CO, NOx, heavy metals, etc.). The second group is specific pollutants (a huge variety of them is introduced). The third group is greenhouse gases (CO2, CH4, N2O). It has been determined that pollutant emissions based on the required input information on fuel mass or burning area can be estimated using emission factors used in EPA, EMEP, etc. reports. In the absence of emission factors, pollutant emissions can be specified taking into account the technical requirements of atmospheric transfer models. As a result of constant bombings, artillery fire, fires and accidents that occur, the movement of heavy military transport, there is a significant emission of pollutants into the atmosphere. It has a very negative effect on its quality. Knowing the causes and sources of pollution, as well as pollutants entering the air as a result of military actions, is extremely important and relevant. After all, this will directly help to assess the consequences of such an impact on the life and health of the population and can become indisputable evidence for the state when deciding the issue of reparations.
THE DELAYED DEMAND PHENOMENON AS A FACTOR OF THE POST-COVID TOURISM DEVELOPMENT IN THE WORLD AND IN UKRAINE
Authors:   Taras Shevchenko national University of Kyiv, Smyrnov I. , Lyubitseva O. ,   Taras Shevchenko national University of Kyiv
Published: December 2022

The essence of the phenomenon of delayed demand as an engine for the development of post-covid tourism is revealed. The opinion of prof. Simon Hudson on the peculiarities of tourism development in the covid and post-covid periods, according to his published work “Covid-19: Travel Impacts, Responses and Outcomes”. The tendencies of development and recovery of the world tourism industry in the post-covid period are highlighted, taking into account the effect of the delayed demand factor. The peculiarities of the development and restoration of the tourism industry and hospitality in Ukraine in the post-pandemic period are shown, citing examples from the country’s practice of outbound (foreign), inbound (foreign) and domestic tourism. Among the examples of the practice of outbound tourism in Ukraine during the pandemic period, is the phenomenon of massive growth in demand for in the past expensive, elite tours – to the Maldives, the Dominican Republic and more. Possibilities for the development of domestic tourism in Ukraine during the pandemic times are shown in the example of Camino Podolico – pilgrimage route “Vinnytsia – Kamyanets-Podilsky” using the experience of Spain, where are dozens of European hiking routes – Camino, by which annually thousands of pilgrims and tourists pass.
ALÇI ESASLI KARIŞIMLARDA MİKRONİZE CAM KÜRECİKLERİNİN DEĞERLENDİRİLMESİ
Authors: DEVREK Orkun , SEVİNÇ Ahmet Hayrullah , DURGUN Muhammed Yasin , URAS Yusuf
Published: December 2022

Bu çalışmada mikronize cam küreciklerinin alçı esaslı karışımların mühendislik özelliklerine etkileri incelenmiştir. Bu kapsamda mikronize cam kürecikleri alçı yerine ağırlıkça %10, %20 ve %30 oranında kullanılmıştır. 40x40x160 mm boyutunda prizmatik örnekler üretilerek, üretilen örneklerin sertleşmiş birim hacim ağırlık, ultrasonik ses geçiş hızı, su emme, kılcal su emme ve görünen porozite değerleri ölçülmüştür. Aynı zamanda 140x160x20 mm boyutlarına sahip örnekler üretilerek hazırlanan alçı esaslı karışımların ısıl iletim katsayıları ölçülmüştür. Mekanik özellikler kapsamında tek eksenli basınç dayanımı ve üç noktalı eğilme dayanımı testleri uygulanmıştır. Alçı esaslı karışımlarda mikronize cam küreciklerinin kullanımı birim hacim ağırlığı değerlerini yükseltmiştir. Ultrasonik ses geçiş hızı değerleri ise düşmüştür. Görünür porozite değeri de cam küreciklerinin kullanımı ile azalmıştır. Buna bağlı olarak su emme ve kılcal su emme değerlerinde de azalmalar gözlenmiştir. Isıl iletim katsayısı değerleri cam küreciklerin kullanımı ile referans alçı örneğinden daha iyi sonuçlar vermiştir. Cam kürecik kullanımı alçı esaslı karışımların mekanik özelliklerinde de bir miktar düşüşe neden olmuştur. Ancak bu azalmanın çok ciddi düzeylerde olmadığı gözlemlenmiştir. Elde edilen sonuçlar alçı esaslı karışımlarda mikronize cam küreciklerinin değerlendirilmesiyle su emme direnci daha yüksek, kabul edilebilir mekanik özelliklere sahip ve ısı yalıtım özellikleri geliştirilmiş yeni alçı esaslı ürünler üretilebileceğini göstermektedir.
ELECTROCONDUCTIVE POLYAMIDE FIBERS WITH GREEN SYNTHESIZED SILVER NANOPARTICLES
Authors: KANARA Şeyma , OKYAY Neslihan , IŞIK Fatih , CETİNER Suat
Published: December 2022

The objective of this research is to study antibacterial and antistatic properties of polyamide yarn which coated silver nanoparticles and carboxymethylstarch (CMS). Silver nanoparticles were synthesized by a green synthesis method and coated onto polyamide (PA) fibers. The presence of nanosilver onto yarns was confirmed by scanning electron microscope (SEM), UV–visible spectra (UV-Vis) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) techniques. The concentration of silver deposited on the composite PA yarns was measured by ICP-OES spectroscopy. Electrical conductivity of composite yarns was measured by four point conductivity measurement technique and was changed from 1.452x10-5 to 2.853x10-3 S/cm.
DENİZ SUYUNUN PERVAPORASYON İLE DESALİNASYONU İÇİN ZIF-8 YÜKLÜ PVA HİBRİT MEMBRANLARIN GELİŞTİRİLMESİ
Authors: SIĞIN Zeynep , GÜVENÇ Gözdenur , ÇAKMAKÇI Nagihan , ÜNLÜ Derya
Published: December 2022

Bu çalışmada ZIF-8 zeolitik imidazolat kafes yapısı sentezlenmiş ve polivinilakol (PVA) membrana eklenerek pervaporatif desalinasyon için hibrit membranlar üretilmiştir. Hibrit membranlar FTIR, SEM ve temas açısı ile karakterize edilmiştir. ZIF-8 yükleme oranının, besleme tuz konsantrasyonunun ve operasyon sıcaklığının membranın ayırma performansına etkisi incelenmiştir. ZIF-8 ilavesinin membranın hidrofilitesini ve ayırma performansını iyileştirildiği görülmüştür. Optimum ZIF-8 yükleme oranı ağırlıkça %0.25 olarak belirlenmiştir. Optimum operasyon parametreleri ise 60oC sıcaklık ve ağırlıkça %2 besleme tuz konsantrasyonu olarak bulunmuştur. Optimum operasyon koşulları altında deniz sularının pervaporatif desalinasyon testleri yapılmış ve %99’un üzerinde giderim performansı elde edilmiştir. Elde edilen verilerin Dünya Sağlık Örgütü’nün içme suyu standart değerlerinin altında kaldığı görülmüştür. Hibrit membranların oldukça başarılı bir ayırma performansı sergileyerek, desalinasyon prosesi için kullanılmaya ve geliştirilmeye aday bir yapıya sahip olduğunu sonucuna varılmıştır.
Transgenic plants-immunomodulators for animal husbandry
Authors: Timonin Vladimir D. , Burlakovskiy Mikhail S. , Padkina Marina V. , Lutova Ludmila A.
Published: December 2022

In modern pharmacology, there is a tendency to move from low molecular weight drugs to protein drugs. Interferon is among them. Interferon is used in animal husbandry to prevent and treat viral and bacterial diseases, as a single drug and as an adjuvant for vaccines and antibiotics to increase their efficiency and reduce the amount of use. After interferon therapy, meat, milk and eggs can be consumed without restrictions. Currently, interferon for veterinary purposes is obtained using genetically modified organisms (mainly bacteria). The limiting factor is the high cost of the active substance isolating and purifying, which is up to 8090% of the product cost. Edible plants-producers can solve this problem. Plants have the lowest price per unit of biomass, are not infected by mammalian pathogens, and have an eukaryotic system of protein synthesis.
Transgenic tobacco plants (Nicotiana tabacum L.) for the production of bovine gamma-interferon were obtained by agrobacterium mediated transformation at the Department of Genetics and Biotechnology, Saint Petersburg State University. Testing of this model showed that interferon is successfully produced in plants and retains biological activity, including oral administration. Problems were also identified: tobacco toxicity and low levels of protein accumulation. At the next stage of the experiment, it was decided to transform edible carrot (Daucus carota) plants, modify the target protein (shorten) to increase its resistance to proteolytic degradation, and use the pSRD1 root-specific promoter. At present, the corresponding transgenic constructs have been obtained, the effectiveness of which will be determined first on the carrot hairy roots, and then on whole carrot plants.
The research was supported by the Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Russian Federation in accordance with agreement No. 075-15-2020-922 date 16.11.2020 on providing a grant in the form of subsidies from the Federal budget of Russian Federation. The grant was provided for state support for the creation and development of a World-class Scientific Center Future Agrotechnologies.
Genetic engineering approaches to study of the opines of natural GMOs
Authors: Sokornova Sofia V. , Alekseeva Alena N. , Shaposhnikov Anton D. , Matveeva Tatiana V.
Published: December 2022

A few dozen naturally transgenic plants have been described to date [1]. Many of them contain DNA-sequences homologous to opine biosynthesis genes. Chemically, opines fall into two major structural classes: secondary amine derivatives and sugar-phosphodiesters [2]. The concentration of these molecules in the crude plant extract of nGMOs could be less than 1 pmol, which makes it difficult to study them. However, structure clarification of plant opines reveal their function in plants. The aim of our work is the development of protocol for large scale production, purification and definition of the chemical structure of plant opines.
The approach includes amplification of full-length opine synthase gene by PCR and cloning it using pENTR/D-TOPO Cloning Kit (Thermo Fisher) according to its manual; subcloning in pDest527 using LR Clonase II Plus enzyme (Thermo Fisher) according to its manual; transformation NiCo21(DE3) chemically competent E. coli cells with obtained recombinant plasmids. After the confirmation of transgenic nature, the E. coli cells should be grown on medium with ampicillin 100 mg/l to an optical density at 600 nm 0.50.6. Then an equal volume of LB medium with 1 mM isopropylthio--galactoside (IPTG) should be added for induction opine synthesis. In case of synthesis of sugar-phosphodiesters, cultural media should also contain 0.02 M arabinose, glucose, and sucrose, respectively. Cells are cultivated during 4 hours for induction of opine synthesis. After that cells are pelleted by centrifugation for 10 minutes at 5000 rpm/min. The original strain and cells grown on the medium without IPTG are used as controls.
The cells are extracted with 80% methanol. The culture liquids are evaporated and redissolved in 80% methanol. The opines are separated by normal-phase chromatography using a CHROMABOND Flash BT. Thin-layer chromatography is used to analyze the fractions, and to confirm the component opines-like compounds. High-resolution mass spectra are recorded on a Bruker micrOTOF 10223 mass spectrometer (electrospray ionization), eluent 80% MeOH. The 31P NMR spectra are acquired on a Bruker Avance 400 spectrometer (400, 100, and 162 MHz, respectively). The 1H spectra are analyzed in D2O, with residual solvent signals (7.26 ppm for 1H nuclei) as the internal reference. The 31P NMR is measured relative to H3PO4.
The one phosphoric acid residue in the opine structure was confirmed by NMR spectroscopy.
We applied this method to characterize agrocinopine A-like compound in Nicotiana and propose it to produce opine-like plant compounds for further biochemical analysis.
This research was funded the Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Russian Federation in accordance with the agreement No. 075-15-2022-322.
This work was partially carried out using equipments of the Saint Petersburg State University Chemical Analysis and Materials Research Centre.
Calibration of light response for the nEXO neutrinoless double beta decay search with machine learning
Authors:   , Gautam Prakash , Dolinski Michelle M
Published: December 2022

Neutrinoless double beta decay (0[nu][beta][beta]) is a rare second-order process that, if observed, would confirm that neutrinos are Majorana fermions. This process violates the conservation of lepton number and hence would provide yet another indication of physics beyond the Standard Model (SM). EXO-200 was an experiment aiming to detect 0[nu][beta][beta], and nEXO is the next generation experiment proposed as a successor to EXO-200 using enriched ¹³⁶Xe in a time projection chamber. It is projected that nEXO will reach a sensitivity of 1.35x10²⁸yr to the 0[nu][beta][beta] half life of ¹³⁶Xe with 10 years of data taking. nEXO uses silicon photomultipliers (SiPMs) for light detection. Calibration of SiPMs is very important to meet the energy resolution requirement of <1% ([sigma]/E) at the 0[nu][beta][beta] Q- Value. This dissertation presents the use of machine learning for scintillation light response function calibration. This method is tested with EXO-200 calibration data from dissolved calibration sources. It is shown that an accurate light response can be constructed with limited calibration data using machine learning. A light calibration framework has been developed, which has been used for different studies related to light calibration for nEXO. Using simulation data from the Geant4 and Chroma simulation packages, it is shown that we can calibrate the nEXO light detectors using alpha decays from ²²²Rn and ²²⁰Rn calibration sources. Using this framework, a detailed study of the spectra of ²³²Th chain and the 0[nu][beta][beta] signal shows that the calibration strategy and light response function algorithm are robust to several SiPM failure scenarios.
Mixed Methods Investigation of Researcher Implementation and Perceptions of Participatory Action Research with School-Aged Youth
Authors:   , Puhy Chandler Elizabeth , Daly Brian P.
Published: December 2022

Participatory Action Research (PAR) is an epistemological approach that emphasizes partnerships between academics and community members to co-create knowledge and reduce health disparities through the development of culturally informed and sustainable programs and policies. More recently, children have been viewed as acceptable partners for PAR and may stand to gain numerous benefits from participation. However, it has been difficult to make conclusions regarding best practices and benefits of PAR approaches due to factors such as inconsistency in PAR implementation and methodological reporting. A convergent mixed methods study design was utilized where phase one consisted of an interdisciplinary online survey to collect researcher demographics and frequency data regarding implementation of principles and practices. Phase two consisted of qualitative interviews with a subsample of participants. Data were analyzed separately via descriptives, factor analysis, multiple regression, and thematic analysis and integrated through connecting and merging to identify convergence and divergence. Researchers endorsed the highest implementation of building on the strengths and resources of the community and engaging youth in data collection. Researchers endorsed the lowest implementation of openly addressing diversity and involving youth in data analysis. Factor analysis resulted in four scales with minimal contribution of predictors. However, there was some indication that researchers in the fields of psychology and medical/nursing, those who work with older youth, and researchers of color may utilize PAR principles and/or practices with greater frequency. Qualitative interview data described the influence of independent variables of interest including researcher field of training, racial identity, PAR experience, setting of implementation, and age of youth partners. Qualitative data also included researcher perceptions of areas of improvement for the field and three emergent factors that impact youth participation. Data largely converged though there were also areas of divergence. Findings help to inform the future direction of research aimed to increase meaningful engagement for elementary-aged youth in research.
The Relationship Between Psychopathy, Antisocial Personality Traits, and Violence Among US Veterans
Authors:   , Flack Daniel , DeMatteo David S.
Published: December 2022

As high-profile cases of veteran-involved violence continue to garner attention, researchers and advocates have cautioned public figures against generalizing a risk of violence to veterans, even those with mental health concerns. There is currently limited research on violence risk factors that have been validated within veterans. Psychopathy and antisocial behaviors are commonly associated with violence and aggression in general samples and they may interact with a veteran's life to produce aggression. This study used data from the National Epidemiological Survey on Alcohol and Related Conditions-III (NESARC-III) to create a propensity matched sample of 3,119 veterans and 3,119 non-veterans, matched on demographic factors, Adverse Childhood Experiences, and childhood family support. Comparing matched samples suggested higher rates of violence within a veteran sample, d = 0.10, p < 0.001, and higher rates of solely adult antisocial personality traits even while controlling for conduct disorder rates, V = 0.04, p = .001, and without differences in antisocial personality disorder rates (including both adult and childhood experiences), V = 0.003, p = .79. No difference in psychopathy rates between the matched groups was detected, d = 0.09, p = .95. Veteran status also interacted with antisocial personality traits, R2 = 0.65, p < 0.001, and overall psychopathy, R2 = .42, p < .001, to produce significant models. Other hypotheses around psychopathy Factors and Facets were explored and implications discussed.
Targets, Therapies and the Role of Serial Biopsies for Prognostication and Assessing Changes to Tumour Biology in Oesophageal and Oesophagogastric Junction Cancers
Authors: LaPelusa Michael ,   Department of Internal Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA, Hayat Muhammad Hashim ,   Department of Internal Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA, Gibson Michael K ,   Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center/Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Nashville, TN, USA
Published: December 2022

Oesophageal and oesophagogastric junction cancers represent a significant burden to public health. Clinical practice guidelines recommend treatment based on cellular and molecular targets from tissue obtained before initiating therapy, including human epidermal growth factor receptor, microsatellite instability, mismatch repair, programmed death-ligand 1 and neurotrophic receptor tyrosine kinase gene fusions. The expression of these markers and the detection of circulating tumour cells and DNA in oesophageal and oesophagogastric junction cancers are temporally variable following treatment. Together, these findings may help individualize treatment and stratify patients at high risk of disease progression and recurrence.
Effect of Different Irrigation Water Levels on Yield and Quality Parameters of Fodder Beet
Authors: HAKIRUWIZERA Emmanuel , UÇAR Yusuf
Published: December 2022

The study was carried out at the Agricultural Research and Application Farm of Faculty of Agriculture, Isparta University of Applied Sciencesin 2021, with the aim of determining the effect of different irrigation water levels on the yield and quality parameters of fodder beet by the experiment of randomized complete block design with three replications. The study used Rota fodder beet variety. Applied irrigation water amounts were determined according to Penman-Montheith method by considering the total reference evapotranspiration (ETo) of ten days for five different ratios (S1: ETo×1.20, S2: ETo×0.90, S3: ETo×0.60, S4: ETo×0.30; S5: ETo×0.00). Drip irrigation method was used for irrigation. Applied irrigation water amounts ranged between 131.9 mm – 643.6 mm. Crop water consumption (ET) ranged between 337.1 mm – 782 mm. At the end of the treatments, it was observed that fresh leaf yield varied between 570 and 1788.1 kg da-1 while these values were from 1865.7 to 7838.8 kg da-1 for fresh root yield, from 2435.8 to 9626.9 kg da-1 for total fresh yield, from 134.1 to 255.5 kg da-1 for leaf dry matter yield, from 469.9 to 1247.6 kg da-1 for root dry mater , from 12.2 cm to 25.4 cm for tuber length, and from 6.5 to 12.4 cm for tuber diameter. The yield response factor (ky) was 1.04. The water use efficiency was 72.3 – 145.0 kg ha-1 mm-1, the irrigation water use efficiency was ranged from 111.7 to 157.5 kg ha-1 mm-1. The S2 irrigation treatment was the most appropriate irrigation program under adequate irrigation water conditions. In terms of irrigation deficit conditions, results indicated that there may apply irrigation water at 60% or 30% of reference evapotranspiration from S3 or S4 irrigation program.
Aspects of simulating stable low-cycle fatigue crack growth in the main parts of aircraft gas turbine engines
Authors: Ryabov A. A. , Mokhov K. Yu. , Voronkov O. V. , Kudryavtsev A. Yu. , Museev A. A.
Published: December 2022

The article presents theoretical basis for the industry-based approach for finite element modeling of stable crack growth in the main parts of an aviation gas turbine engine. An axial compressor disc is used as an example. Parameters of typical FE-models applied are provided. In addition, some effective practices of FE-modeling representing the novelty of this work are described: crack evolution increment under-relaxation and automation of the process of constructing a new crack front. Some simulation results are presented demonstrating implementation of the approach steps and benefits gained from the application of the listed features. Under-relaxation ensures maintaining the stability of a numerical solution for a significantly larger crack increment size. This leads to essential effort decrease as a result of reducing the total number of simulation cycles required. Automatic construction of a new crack front allows significant improvement in crack representation accuracy during the simulation process due to the greater number of points for which crack front evolution is determined.
Methodological approaches to assessing the effectiveness of organizational and managerial innovations
Authors: Tyukavkin Nikolay M.
Published: December 2022

At the present stage of economic development associated with total economic sanctions against Russia by Western countries and the United States, the importance of innovation, especially in the industrial sector, is especially relevant. In this regard, organizational and managerial innovations come to the fore, which multiply increase the efficiency of all activities of enterprises and organizations. The paper presents the approaches of scientists to the formulation of organizational and managerial innovations. It is shown that organizational and managerial innovations are used in terms of improving the efficiency of functioning. The structure of organizational and managerial innovations is presented. The study presents the concept, essence and structure of evaluating the effectiveness of organizational and managerial innovations, the parameters used for evaluation. It is determined that the issues of evaluation of organizational and managerial innovations, during the period of the functioning of Industry 4.0, are of particular importance. The complexity of this assessment is due to the fact that organizational and managerial innovations are practically not quantifiable. For their assessment, expert assessment methods are mainly used. The author's approach to assessing the effectiveness of organizational and managerial innovations is proposed in the study.
Innovations in the manufacturing sector: sectoral and regional aspects
Authors: Mironova Elena A. , Guliyev Emin Anvar oglu
Published: December 2022

In modern economic conditions, the task of ensuring the effective functioning of business processes both at the level of an individual enterprise and at the regional and national levels as a whole is becoming increasingly important. Ensuring the economic development and stability of the production unit at the regional and federal levels depends directly on the quality of production and services, their compliance with modern technological requirements and consumer needs. The latest production technologies are becoming a vector of modern production sphere. Production innovations determine not only the level of technological development of an individual economic entity or region, but also the entire world order as a whole. It is worth noting that modern global challenges, sanctions, lead to the fact that the economy of the Russian Federation will have to import substitution of most of the previously imported components and goods. The need for reorientation and diversification of production will entail both the modernization of existing production facilities and the launch of completely new ones, which in turn will entail the steady growth of various sectors of the Russian economy. But it is worth noting that the total introduction of new technologies in various spheres entails significant negative consequences for society, expressed in the shortage of highly qualified specialized personnel, environmental pollution, etc.
Digital transformation at the present stage and its impact on innovation
Authors: Termeleva Anna E.
Published: December 2022

The widespread and active development, as well as the diffusion of new digital technologies, are currently significantly changing the structure of the main foreign trade and socio-economic sectors. An increasing number of organizations are moving their business to the digital sphere, significantly reducing, at the same time, transaction costs and increasing the results of their functioning. Due to the use of digital technologies, an extensive and, practically, barrier-free market is being formed in global networks with strong competition and the dynamics of the development of its elements (IT companies, digital pricing, services, products, digital consumption). In the digitalization market, the main factor of competitive advantages is the company's ability to analyze (process and analyze) big data. The prospects and sustainability of functioning and development of a business are determined by its ability to respond significantly faster than it was earlier (2530 years ago) to rapidly changing consumer needs and quickly deliver new (innovative) products (services) to the market using electronic channels of information dissemination, advertising and, directly, sales. The author notes in the article that the scale of digital transformation in the development of new digital technologies and business models differs significantly in different foreign economic activities. For example, in the field of retail and financial services, they have been widely used for more than 10 years, and the pandemic of the early 2000-s significantly strengthened this transformational trend. In some of the most conservative foreign economic activities, we observe the opposite picture, where platform digital solutions require not only technological adaptation to digitalization processes, but also significant organizational and structural changes, as well as the restructuring of traditional business processes to digital ones. But, despite significant industry differences, unevenness and peculiarities of the introduction of digital technologies, all experts in this field reflect a common point of view, expressed in a high assessment of the need and importance of digitalization in the socio-economic development of state. According to the author, the digital transformation of economic processes reflects the potentially growing expectations of progressive effects from the introduction of a new (innovative) generation of digital technologies. The consequence of this is that in recent years, a significant number of industry strategies in the field of digital transformation have been adopted in various countries of the world, including Russia. These strategies represent a new stage in the formation and development of the digital economy, which combines the concepts of development of individual digital technologies with their direct implementation.
The Marriage of Li Yuan-hao of Xi-xia and Khitan Princess Xing Ping the War between Khitan and Xi-xia
Authors:   HUFS Institute of History and Culture, Cho Bok Hyeon
Published: December 2022

Xixia and Khitan maintained friendly relations between the two countries through their marriage to Li Ji Qian and princess Yi Cheng. And secondly, Li Yuan-hao and princess Xing Ping could be married. Although Li Yuan-hao was an outstanding monarch who founded the country, he also had a side to the immoral tyrant.Li Yuan-hao married Khitan princess Xing Ping. But She died of illness seven years after her marriage, and Khitan did not visit her when she died. Later, when Khitan's envoy asked the cause of the princess's death, he gave no answer, which angered the Khitan emperor.
Xixia had strong dissatisfaction with Khitan's coercive attitude and financial problems. Khitan was angered by Li Yuan-hao's arrogant attitude, the death of Princess, and the attribution of the Dang Xiang tribe, which eventually led to war. It began in 1044 when Xing-zong of Liao Dynasty advanced in three directions with 176,000 soldiers. In the early days of the war, Khitan prevailed, but as Li Yuan-hao retreated, he gained victory by using tactics to eliminate the horse's prey and fatigue the soldiers. When Li Yuan-hao died in 1049 and Yizong, who was only one year old, ascended to the throne, Xingzong of Liao Dynasty started another war. Although Xixia surrendered and Khitan won, the relationship between the two countries was not as good as it used to be, and Khitan refused when Xixia proposed marriage again. From this point of view, it can be seen that the marriage of Li Yuan-hao and Princess Xing Ping eventually had a negative impact on the relationship between the two countries.
REFLECTIONS ON NETWORKING DYNAMICS TO ADDRESS VIOLENCE AGAINST CHILDREN IN TANZANIA
Authors: Kamusiime Annah , Sandi Lydia Belinda , Kakuru Doris
Published: December 2022

This article is based on a study conducted to understand the functionality and connectivity of existing networks and their impact on the prevention and response to violence against children (VAC) in East Africa. We adopted an exploratory qualitative approach in which a bottom-up purposive selection of study participants was used. Data were collected using focus group discussions with grassroots actors, interviews with network leads at the grassroots district and national levels, and VAC network funders. The study was carried out in Tanzania’s Dar es Salaam region in three districts (Kigamboni, Temeke, and Ilala) and eight wards. Our findings show that because the nature of VAC is complex and multidimensional, efforts to respond to it also exhibit these qualities. Depending on the goal, networking takes various forms, and VAC networks can have unspecified lifespans. VAC networking results from strategic decision-making that yields many benefits, including a stronger voice and visibility, enhanced impact, and potential efficiency. However, networks also encounter bottlenecks that negatively impact their goals. This is an indication that VAC network actors ought to be more reflexive regarding the space they occupy in the network and intentionally pursue strong relationships among actors and networks.
Umetna inteligenca in eksistenčno tveganje
Authors: Lipuš Alen
Published: December 2022

Kadar razmišljamo o možnosti umetne (super)inteligence, je treba v kontekstu problema nadzora vztrajati, da se umetni inteligenci dodeli učinkovit normativni okvir, da bi s tem povečali njeno usklajenost z najvišjimi družbenimi vrednotami. Pri takšni vrednostno občutljivi zasnovi umetne inteligence pa trčimo v problem spoznavne zaprtosti, ki otežuje uspešno implementacijo družbenih vrednot vanjo. V članku bomo (med drugim) raziskali naslednja vprašanja: Ali bodo racionalni stroji zagotovo presegli ljudi? Kakšen vpogled v delovanje lastnega uma lahko z njimi pridobimo? Kakšen je njihov moralni status? Jih lahko razumemo kot post-osebe? Ali je naša dolžnost, da ustvarimo superinteligentne sisteme? Kakorkoli, ne glede na to, koliko bi umetna inteligenca bila podobna ljudem, velja, da dokler v razlagi človeškega uma ne bo napredka, spoznavna vrzel med nami in umetno inteligenco ne bo nič manjša. Zdi se, da bolj kot smo v vsakdanjem življenju odvisni od tehnologije, bolj zapletena in nerazumljiva je za naše vsakdanje misli. Turingov test zato postane zastarel, saj predpostavlja delovanje inteligentnega uma, ki je podoben našemu. Toda inteligentnost lahko zavzame nam popolnoma tuje spoznavne oblike in nam je kot taka lahko popolnoma nedostopna in nerazumljiva; to pa je še dodaten razlog, zakaj je treba vztrajati pri vrednostni zasnovi inteligentnih sistemov.
Ali nas umetna inteligenca lahko premaga: od algoritma do singularnosti po poteh etičnega vrednotenja
Authors: Borstner Bojan , Šetar Niko
Published: December 2022

Namen tega članka je ponuditi vpogled v splošne etične težave, s katerimi se sooča teorija umetne inteligence. Ker omenjena tematika pogosto naleti na kritike, da gre za znanstveno fantastiko in je razpravljanje o etiki kakršnekoli višje umetne inteligence nesmiselno, bomo v prvem delu članka opredelili umetno inteligenco in predstavili kratek argument, zakaj je ukvarjanje s človeku podobno umetno inteligenco in celo superinteligenco smiselno v okviru predvidene verjetnosti njunega obstoja v prihodnosti. Večinski del članka se bo nato obrnil k etiki umetne inteligence, začenši s problematiko algoritemske diskriminacije in nižjih umetnih inteligenc, kot so denimo samovozeča vozila. Po tem bomo pregledali etične aspekte nadaljnjega razvoja umetne inteligence do človeku podobne inteligence in superinteligence. Med tem pregledom se bomo ustavili pri nekaj možnih rešitvah za obravnavane dileme, proti koncu pa predlagali, da je zaradi narave strojnega učenja v umetni inteligenci treba iskati etične rešitve v okviru teorije utemeljevanja.
Etične in politične dileme programiranja samovoznih avtomobilov za odločanje o neizogibni škodi
Authors: Klampfer Friderik
Published: December 2022

Od avtonomnih vozil (AV) si lahko obetamo učinkovitejši promet, zmanjšanje onesnaženosti in odpravo večine prometnih nesreč. Nesrečam se v prihodnosti seveda ne bo dalo povsem izogniti. Vsaj občasno se bodo AV znašla v situacijah, o katerih so v zadnjih štirih desetletjih žolčno razpravljali moralni filozofi: Naj zapeljejo v gručo pešcev ali zavijejo na pločnik in tam povozijo eno osebo? Ali naj žrtvujejo lastne potnike, da bi obvarovala več drugih udeležencev v prometu? Naj se zdijo takšni scenariji danes še tako neverjetni, z množično rabo AV-jev bodo postali dovolj pogosti, da zahtevajo jasne moralne napotke.Izbiro pravil za odločanje o porazdelitvi neizogibne škode v trkih AV otežujejo širši družbeni in ekonomski vidiki: zakonodajalci bodo morali najti razumen kompromis, ki bo (i) etično opravičljiv, (ii) užival zadostno javno podporo in (iii) ne bo negativno vplival na prodajo AV. Nedavne empirične raziskave kažejo, da bi znala biti to zahtevna naloga – vsak od nas bi hotel, da se drugi vozijo v 'utilitarističnih' vozilih (ki zmanjšujejo skupno škodo), sami pa bi raje uporabljali ne-utilitaristična vozila (ki postavijo potnike na prvo mesto). V članku pokažemo, da je ta specifična različica problema koordinacije načeloma rešljiva, če smo pripravljeni omejiti svobodno potrošniško izbiro.
Clinical polymorphism of multiple system atrophy: a clinical case series
Authors: Andreev Maksim N. , Fedotova Ekaterina Y. , Konovalov Rodion N. , Illarioshkin Sergey N.
Published: December 2022

Multiple system atrophy (MSA) is a neurodegenerative disorder characterized by autonomous insufficiency and motor abnormalities, such as akinetic rigid syndrome and cerebellar ataxia. The diagnosis of this disorder is challenging, and quite frequently the patients are seen by other specialties or with other diagnoses. The paper presents three clinical observations of patients with various phenotypic MSA subtypes. In two of them, the diagnosis of MSA was clinically proven and in the third one, clinically probable. All patients were initially followed up with other diagnoses. The authors describe specifics of complaints and past history registration, neurological examination and typical signs of MSA at neuroimaging.
European Union lifelong learning key competences in early childhood education
Authors: Sahin Mehmet , Koca Selda
Published: December 2022

The Key Competencies dealt with in this study is within the framework of “Education and Training 2010” work programme as a white paper “Key competences for lifelong learning: A European reference framework”. This document mentions eight key competencies: communication in the mother tongue, communication in foreign languages, mathematical competence and basic competences in science and technology), digital competence, learning to learn, social and civic competences, sense of initiative and entrepreneurship and cultural awareness and expression. This article uses a qualitative approach and aims to find out and analyze the activities in common practice, related to the Key Competencies, carried out at Early Childhood Education level, using observation and document analysis.
Keywords: Lifelong learning, early childhood education, key competencies
Pengembangan Buku Petunjuk Praktikum IPA Bermuatan Karakter Tema Panas dan Perpindahanya untuk Siswa Kelas V Sekolah Dasar
Authors: Maslihak Maslihak , Nuriman Nuriman , Sugiarti Titik
Published: December 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengembangkan buku petunjuk praktikum yang valid dalam meningkatkan karakter siswa. Indikator karakter siswa diataranya karakter saling menghargai, karakter santun dan karakter bertangung jawab. Penelitian ini menerapkan penelitian model 4D (definisi, desaign, develope, dan dissaminate). Validasi dilakukan terkait isi atau materi, desain produk serta tata bahasa produk. Uji coba dilakukan pada 30 siswa kelas V SDN 02 Balak  Banyuwangi. Instrumen yang digunakan adalah lembar validasi, lembar angket respon siswa, dan lembar observasi karakter siswa . Hasil observasi menunjukkan adanya perubahan sikap siswa yang berdasarkan pada indikator sikap dengan nilai rata-rata dengan interprestasi cukup tinggi. Produk yang dikembangkan cukup layak sehingga efektif digunakan dalam pembelajaran
Analisis Kesalahan Siswa Dalam Menyelesaikan Soal Cerita Matematika Berdasarkan Teori Newman Topik Jarak dan Kecepatan di Kelas V SDN Jember Lor 03
Authors: Asiasi M Firjoun , Masyhud M Sulthon , Alfarisi Ridho
Published: December 2022

Soal cerita memiliki karakteristik tidak hanya level 1 taksonomi bloom kognitif (C1) tetapi biasanya minimal terdapat lebih dari level C1, Sehingga soal cerita harus dikembangkan dan dibiasakan untuk diberikan kepada siswa, tetapi muncul suatu permasalahan dimana guru kebingungan dalam menentukan soal cerita yang cocok digunakan untuk siswa. Sehingga untuk inovasi tersebut, salah satu dengan mengetahui apa saja kesalahan yang dilakukan oleh siswa. Teori newman menjadi alat untuk mengetahui tahapan kesalahan yang dialami siswa, yaitu meliputi reading error, comprehension error, transformation error, process skill error, dan enconding error. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui dan mendeskripsikan jenis kesalahan apa saja yang muncul dan tingkat persentase dalam menyelesaikan soal cerita. Pada penelitian ini menggunakan jenis penelitian deskirptif. Subjek penelitian ini berjumlah 90 siswa kelas V SDN Jember Lor 03. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan tes dan wawancara. Analisis kesalahan terbagi akan 2 jenis yaitu analisis kesalahan rill dan analisis kesalahan relatif dimana keduanya sama-sama memiliki hubungan antara satu dengan yang lainnya diperkuat dengan data hasil wawancara. Hasil dari penelitian ini adalah adalah reading error sebanyak 0%, comprehension error sebanyak 7%, transfromasion error sebanyak 24%, process skillsebanyak 33%, encoding error sebanyak 35%.