bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Pengawasan Preventif Melalui Harmonisasi Pembentukan Peraturan Daerah Terhadap Eksistensi Regulasi Muatan Lokal Dalam Otonomi Daerah
Authors: Arifin Firdaus , Maarif Ihsanul
Published: February 2025

The harmonization process in the formation of regional regulations in Indonesia is designed to ensure alignment between local regulations and national law. However, the centralistic approach often adopted in this harmonization process tends to limit the flexibility of local governments in formulating regulations that suit local needs. This issue raises concerns that the constitutionally granted authority of local governments to create localized regulations may be eroded. This study aims to analyze the impact of a centralistic harmonization approach on the effectiveness of regional autonomy, particularly in the context of local regulation. Using a normative juridical method with a descriptive-analytical approach, this research evaluates legislation, legal documents, and related literature to understand the implications of harmonization on local regulations. The findings indicate that overly centralistic harmonization can hinder innovation and adaptation of local regulations, reducing the capacity of local governments to respond to the needs of their communities. These findings emphasize the need for a more flexible and inclusive harmonization procedure to ensure that local regulations can still function effectively within the national legal framework. The implications of this study suggest that a more balanced approach between centralization and decentralization is necessary to maintain sustainable, adaptive, and responsive regional autonomy.
Reconstruction of Moon Phases and Period in The Book of Enoch on Islamic Astronomy Perspective
Authors: Azkarrula Youla Afifah , Anam Ahmad Syifaul
Published: February 2025

Abstract: The Book of Enoch presents an explanation of Moon in a different way when compared to many ancient manuscripts. The periods of the Moon associated with the Moon phases are illustrated in a unique way that, in first glance, requires a deep understanding. This explanation is different with what science has explained nowadays. To begin with, the previous research of this subject on the Book of Enoch is out to dated. Therefore, this research conducts a new approach to examine the Book of Enoch using Islamic perspective where this study is rare to conduct. This study utilizes qualitative research with content analysis to gain the answer in depth. This research also uses triangulation method to investigate the data and obtain the validity of the results. Overall, the Moon phase in the Book of Enoch has the same understanding as the modern science. The Book of Enoch describes implicitly the appearance of Moon in the northern hemisphere. The explanation of Enoch lunar-day in each month is followed by the Urfi Islamic calendar. Then the statement about â€œonce the month is 28-dayâ€ is based on the using of Callippic cycle in Charles opinion while in the authorâ€™s opinion that the Book of Enoch shows the sidereal month cycle. In addition, the theory which has been adopted by Islamic astronomy has a strong relationship with this manuscript since it is believed that this manuscript is attributed to Prophet Enoch or Idris.
Abstrak: Kitab Henokh menyajikan penjelasan tentang Bulan dengan cara yang berbeda jika dibandingkan dengan banyak naskah kuno. Periode Bulan yang terkait dengan fase Bulan diilustrasikan dengan cara yang unik sehingga sekilas memerlukan pemahaman yang mendalam. Penjelasan ini berbeda dengan penjelasan ilmu pengetahuan saat ini. Pertama-tama, penelitian sebelumnya mengenai subjek Kitab Henokh ini sudah ketinggalan zaman. Oleh karena itu, penelitian ini melakukan pendekatan baru untuk mengkaji Kitab Henokh dengan menggunakan perspektif Islam dimana penelitian ini jarang dilakukan. Penelitian ini menggunakan penelitian kualitatif dengan analisis isi untuk memperoleh jawaban secara mendalam. Penelitian ini juga menggunakan metode triangulasi untuk menyelidiki data dan memperoleh keabsahan hasil. Secara keseluruhan, fase Bulan dalam Kitab Henokh mempunyai pemahaman yang sama dengan ilmu pengetahuan modern. Kitab Henokh menggambarkan secara implisit penampakan Bulan di belahan bumi utara. Penjelasan hari lunar Henokh di setiap bulannya diikuti dengan penanggalan Islam Urfi. Kemudian pernyataan â€œsatu bulan ada 28 hariâ€ didasarkan pada penggunaan siklus Callippic menurut pendapat Charles sedangkan menurut pendapat penulis Kitab Henokh menunjukkan siklus bulan sidereal. Selain itu, teori yang dianut oleh ilmu astronomi Islam mempunyai kaitan erat dengan naskah ini karena diyakini naskah ini milik Nabi Henokh atau Idris.
Evaluating The Use of Artificial Intelligence for Issuing Fatwas in Islamic Inheritance Cases: A Juristic Study with A Comparison To Gpt-3.5
Authors: Abdulrahman Manswab Mahsen , Walusimbi Abdul Hafiz Musa
Published: February 2025

Abstract: The objective of this research is to explore the potential of Artificial Intelligence, specifically GPT-3, in the process of issuing fatwas within the context of Islamic inheritance law. The study assesses GPT-3â€™s capability to issue fatwas that are consistent with Islamic legal principles, as well as its potential to offer faster response times compared to traditional methods. Additionally, the research investigates whether GPT-3 can make fatwas more accessible to a broader, global audience. It also evaluates the compliance GPT-3.5 with Islamic legal standards, considering the economic impact on social welfare development. The study employs qualitative methods, gathering data from various sources such as books, journal articles, reports, conference papers, and jurisprudence academies. It provides a comprehensive analysis of fatwa significance, the historical development of fatwa issuance, traditional methodologies, and the role of technology in Islamic contexts, including AI and natural language processing. Existing research on the intersection of technology, Islamic jurisprudence, and fatwa issuance is reviewed, with a specific focus on GPT-3â€™s applications in Islamic inheritance. The paper also outlines the research methodology, presenting the rationale for adopting a mixed-methods approach. It details the data collection process, which focuses on inheritance cases involving issues such as homicide, religious differences, Qurâ€™anic heirs, residuary heirs, distant kindred, exclusion, al-Minbariyyah, al-Radd, al-Umariyyah, al-Akdariyyah, missing persons, and multiple deaths. The findings indicate that GPT-3 provides faster response times compared to conventional methods. However, GPT-3.5 demonstrates inconsistencies, particularly in issuing fatwas related to inheritance distribution in cases involving homicide, religious differences, Qurâ€™anic heirs, residuary heirs, distant kindred, exclusion, al-Minbariyyah, al-Radd, al-Umariyyah, and al-Akdariyyah.
Economic Recession in Nigeria: Lessons from Umar Ibn Al-Khattabs Economic Policies
Authors: Bello Khalid Ishola
Published: February 2025

Abstract: Economic conditions are dynamic and can shift from prosperity to adversity, affecting individuals and nations alike. This paper examines the socio-economic recession during the early Islamic era under the leadership of Umar ibn Al-Khattab, exploring its causes, remedies, and eventual recovery. Umar's governance, marked by compassionate leadership, adaptive policies, and resource prioritization, provides valuable lessons for addressing contemporary economic challenges. Nigeria, facing economic recessions characterized by unemployment, inflation, and resource mismanagement, can use these lessons to mitigate its economic woes. The study employs a historical and content analysis of early Islamic economic policies, a comparative analysis of Nigeria's current challenges, and policy reviews. It highlights the need for empathetic leadership, legislative flexibility, effective resource allocation, and integration of Islamic social finance mechanisms, such as zakÄt and waqf, into Nigeria's socioeconomic framework. Nigeria can enhance its economic resilience and inclusivity by fostering transparency, social justice, and collaboration while addressing systemic inequities.
GROWTH PERFORMANCE AND INTESTINAL Aeromonas spp. OF BONYLIP BARB (Osteochilus vittatus) AFTER RECEIVING DIET CONTAINING SALT AND HERBAL CONCOCTION SUPPLEMENTATION
Authors: Syakuri Hamdan , Soedibya Petrus Hary Tjahja , Marnani Sri , Ekasanti Anandita , Kasprijo Kasprijo , Kusuma Rima Oktavia , Wijaya Rudy , Nugrayani Dewi , Listiowati Emyliana , Palupi Mustika
Published: February 2025

Salt and herbal supplementations in fish feed are expected to promote aquaculture productivity, including for slow-growing fish such as Bonylip barb (Osteochilus vittatus). The objective of this study was to evaluate the growth performance and occurrence of Aeromonas spp. in the intestine of Bonylip barb fed a diet supplemented with salt and herbs. This experiment was conducted using a completely randomized design with four treatments: 1) control, 2) salt 3% supplementation, 3) herbal supplementation, and 4) Salt 3% and herbal supplementation. Growth performance evaluation included weight gain, relative growth rate, and specific growth rate after 30 and 60 days of rearing.  Bacterial samples were isolated on trypticase soy agar (TSA) and glutamate starch phenol red agar (GSP) media. Yellow colonies on GSP were counted and confirmed as Aeromonas spp. via molecular identification based on 16S rDNA sequence. Results showed that herbal supplementation, either alone or in combination with 3% salt, insignificantly increased the fish growth performance in the short-term (30 days), but tended to decrease it over the long-term (60 days). Salt supplementation consistently decreased fish growth performance but improved fish survival rates. Aeromonas isolates comprised more than 60 % of the culturable intestinal bacteria in all treatments. Furthermore, herbal supplementation appeared to increase the percentage of Aeromonas spp. in the intestine, with identified species including Aeromonas veronii, Aeromonas caviae, and Aeromonas jandaei.
ANTI-BIOFOULING ACTIVITY OF SPONGE Callyspongia pseudoreticulata COMPONENTS EXTRACT AGAINST Balanus amphitrite
Authors: Rosmiati Rosmiati , Harlina Harlina , Parenrengi Andi , Suryati Emma , Irmawati Irmawati
Published: February 2025

Biofouling attached to floating net cages and other aquaculture containers is an obstacle in aquaculture. The presence of biofouling can reduce the quality of the environment and interfere with the health of farmed animals, resulting in large losses. This study assessed the anti-biofouling activity of the Callyspongia pseudoreticulata extract component (EMCp) against the Barnacle Balanus amphitrite. For this purpose, C. pseudoreticulata was extracted with 80% methanol using the maceration method at <40°C to obtain EMCp. B. amphitrite was cultured in an aquarium at 25 ppt. The anti-biofouling activity of EMCp was tested against B. amphitrite larvae using asbestos plates. The study used a Complete Randomized Design with three treatments, namely, A) asbestos plate smeared with EMCp + varnish, B) asbestos plate smeared with varnish, and C) asbestos plate not smeared with EMCp and varnish (control). EMCp toxicity test on the larvae used clear bottles, and the adhesion test using 24-well polystyrene plates. Toxicity observations were done after 24 hours, and the number of dead larvae was calculated. The attachment of the larvae was calculated under a microscope at 10× magnification. Identification of groups of chemical compounds using a thin-layer chromatography chromatogram detected under UV lamps and spraying of reagents. The study found that EMCp effectively inhibited the attachment and growth of B. amphitrites with the LC50 of 150 mg/L. Studies of chemical constituents identified various compounds in the extract, including alkaloids, flavonoids, and terpenoids. These results suggest that C. pseudoreticulata has potential as a natural alternative to chemical-based antifouling agents.
GENETIC DIVERSITY, GROWTH AND CARRAGEENAN QUALITY OF KOTONI (RED SEAWEED) ACROSS THREE CULTIVATION SITES IN EASTERN INDONESIA
Authors: Fadilah Siti , Pong-Masak Petrus Rani , Farman Aditia , Ratnawati Pustika
Published: February 2025

Indonesia is a leading global producer of seaweed, with kotoni seaweed highly valued for its high-quality carrageenan, an essential ingredient in various industries. This study aimed to evaluate the growth, carrageenan quality, and genetic diversity of kotoni seaweed cultivated at three distinct sites in eastern Indonesia: Banggai, West Halmahera, and Biak. The research involved cultivating kotoni seaweed over a 45-day period using the long-line technique, with growth monitoring conducted every five days and water quality parameters measured concurrently. Additionally, ex situ analyses of nitrate, phosphate, and ammonia were performed every 15 days. Carrageenan quality was assessed by measuring carrageenan content, gel strength, and viscosity, in addition to proximate composition analysis. Genetic diversity was evaluated using the cytochrome oxidase subunit 1 (COI) gene, involving DNA extraction, PCR amplification, and sequencing to determine genetic similarity across the cultivation sites. Significant differences in growth rates and carrageenan quality were observed across the three sites. West Halmahera exhibited the highest growth rate, making it the most favorable site for large-scale seaweed cultivation. Although Biak had a lower growth rate, it produced carrageenan with superior gel strength and viscosity, indicating higher product quality. Genetic analysis confirmed 100% similarity among the samples across sites. These findings underscore the importance of site-specific cultivation practices to optimize both yield and carrageenan quality, supporting the sustainability and economic viability of kotoni seaweed cultivation in Indonesia.
Filozofia personalistyczna jako fundament medycyny zorientowanej na osobę
Authors: Michoń Łukasz Bogumił
Published: February 2025

Celem niniejszego artykułu jest zbadanie jednego z najnowszych modeli teoretycznych medycyny, tj. medycyny zorientowanej na osobę. W pierwszym punkcie przedstawiono i poddano krytycznej analizie model medycyny opartej na faktach. Następnie zajęto się ukazaniem ogólnej postaci modelu medycyny zorientowanej na osobę. Próbę zestawienia wspomnianego modelu z filozofią personalistyczną zaprezentowano w punkcie trzecim. Końcowa konkluzja brzmi następująco: pomimo stosowania w nazwie modelu medycyny zorientowanej na osobę przemilcza się w jej opisie źródła myśli personalistycznej.
Implementation of Automatic Sun Tracking Solar System
Authors:   Department of Computer Science, Jain Deemed-to-be-University, Bangalore, India, Mahaswarup B , T S Shiva Shankar ,   Department of Computer Science, Jain Deemed-to-be-University, Bangalore, India, Singh Priyanshu Kumar ,   Department of Computer Science, Jain Deemed-to-be-University, Bangalore, India, Munazir Ahamad ,   Department of Computer Science, Jain Deemed-to-be-University, Bangalore, India, D Vigneshwaran ,   Department of Computer Science, Jain Deemed-to-be-University, Bangalore, India, Y Krishnamurthy ,   Department of Computer Science, Jain Deemed-to-be-University, Bangalore, India
Published: February 2025

The efficiency, implementation, and design of automatic sun tracking systems—including single-axis
and dual-axis trackers—are investigated in this paper. It highlights the advantages and disadvantages of sensor-based,
time-based, and hybrid tracking techniques. When compared to static panels, sun tracking systems increase energy
output by 20% to 40%. Adaptive tracking may be improved by future developments combining AI, IoT, and machine
learning. The study emphasizes the necessity of effective, economical, and environmentally friendly solar tracking.
Solar energy harvesting is maximized by properly orienting panels. Using renewable energy requires efficient tracking
methods.
Security Implications of Docker vs. Virtual Machines
Authors:   AT&T, Austin, TX, USA, Patchamatla Pavan Srikanth
Published: February 2025

Cloud computing has revolutionized modern IT infrastructure, with virtualization technologies playing a
crucial role in efficient resource utilization and deployment. Docker containers and Virtual Machines (VMs) are two
dominant virtualization approaches, each presenting unique security implications. While Docker enhances agility,
scalability, and resource efficiency, its shared kernel model introduces security risks, such as kernel exploits, container
escape attacks, and privilege escalation vulnerabilities. In contrast, VMs offer robust isolation, mitigating risks through
complete OS separation but at the cost of increased resource consumption and management complexity. This study
presents a comprehensive analysis of security concerns associated with Docker and VMs, highlighting their attack
vectors, vulnerabilities, and best practices for mitigating risks. Security architecture considerations, including hypervisor
hardening, namespace isolation, and role-based access control, are explored. Additionally, hybrid approaches, such as
running Docker inside VMs, are discussed as viable solutions to balance performance and security. Findings from this
research emphasize the importance of tailored security strategies based on operational requirements. High-security
industries, such as healthcare and financial services, may favor VMs due to their strong isolation properties, while
development and CI/CD pipelines benefit from Docker's efficiency. Security automation, AI-driven anomaly detection,
and confidential computing are identified as key areas for future advancements in securing virtualized workloads. By
understanding the risks and implementing robust security frameworks, organizations can optimize both security and
performance in their cloud infrastructure.
The Role of Edge Computing in Real-Time Analytics: A Cloud-AI Hybrid Approach
Authors:   Quantum Integrators Group LLC, USA, Kolluri Srinivas
Published: February 2025

Edge computing integrated with cloud-based AI systems represents a transformative approach to
handling real-time data processing and analytics across diverse industries. This article explores practical
implementations of edge-cloud hybrid architectures through real-world business cases, demonstrating solutions for
manufacturing, retail, smart cities, autonomous vehicles, and industrial automation. The article showcases how
organizations can effectively leverage edge computing to address critical business challenges by examining specific
technical implementations, development tools, and deployment strategies. The article encompasses detailed code
implementations, resource management techniques, and monitoring solutions while addressing key network reliability,
security, and resource optimization challenges. Through a comprehensive analysis of implementation examples and
industry practices, this study illustrates how edge-cloud integration enables organizations to achieve enhanced
operational efficiency while maintaining robust security and reliability standards
Features of Using Neural Networks in Crowdfunding in the Russian Federation: A Legal Status
Authors: Egorov Gennady , Derkacheva Tatyana
Published: February 2025

Introduction: the development of civil society in order to achieve socially oriented goals is not possible without the active participation of representatives of society in it. The dynamics of the development of auxiliary systems for supporting these relationships, in modern conditions, increasingly begin to depend on machine analysis systems for both information and the priorities of participation of subjects in relationships that correspond to the interests of society’s development and are based on neural network programming. The above-mentioned has formed the purpose of the study: to conduct a scientific analysis of the use of machine analysis systems in determining the legal and machine-logical prerequisites for citizens’ participation in crowdfunding of an economic and civil nature. Methods: the methodological framework for the conducted research is the methods of scientific cognition, including such main ones as the methods of consistency, analysis and comparative law and the methods of machine analysis of social relations. Result: the authors have analyzed the legal status of crowdfunding in the Russian Federation, which refers to all forms of collective participation of citizens in the implementation of civil initiatives, both commercial and social, and provided the main positive and negative indicators of the use of neural networks in calculating indicators of participation in civil projects. Conclusions: the use of modern machine analysis systems is acceptable in practice, but it can generate a complex of legal, organizational, interpretative, impartial and ethical problems.
The Theories of Causation. The Problems of Establishing Causation Between an Illegal Act and a Harmful Consequence
Authors: Fedorova Yulia
Published: February 2025

Introduction: in civil law, the issue of causation is one of the key issues in bringing to justice for harm caused. It is on the existence of this relationship that the possibility of compensation for harm to the victim depends. However, unfortunately, the current legislation does not define this concept. There are many scientific positions in the doctrine that ambiguously evaluate certain criteria of causation. For the most accurate understanding of the significance of the causal relationship in civil law, the development of additional criteria for its establishment, it is necessary to conduct an analysis at the theoretical level. Special attention is paid to the problems of establishing a causal relationship in difficult situations, for example, when there are many factors influencing the occurrence of harm or when the consequences are not a direct consequence of the actions of the person causing the harm. The author analyzes specific examples from judicial practice demonstrating the problems of the issue under study. The purpose is to analyze existing theories of causation, identify their advantages and disadvantages, and formulate additional criteria that will help optimize the establishment of cause-and-effect relationships in practice. To achieve this goal, the general scientific (the method of analysis and synthesis, systemic, dialectical) and the special (formal legal, comparative law) research methods are applied. Research results: the paper examines various theories of establishing causation, including foreign ones, which allow identifying the advantages and disadvantages of using certain approaches in establishing cause and effect. The specific examples from judicial practice are studied, which determine the viability of certain theories. The results obtained can become the basis for further research on the issue under study. Conclusions: the study of various scientific positions on the issue of establishing a causal relationship allows concluding that the presence of a causal relationship is the basis for the emergence of civil liability. Based on the analysis of various theories, the concept of direct causation seems to be the most reasonable. The necessity of using the criterion of concreteness to the existing criteria for establishing cause and effect is substantiated. The main characteristics of the concreteness criterion are formulated.
Forms of Discretion in Russian Legal Theory
Authors: Azarova Ekaterina
Published: February 2025

Introduction: the paper analyzes the forms of discretion in accordance with the classifications on various grounds proposed by domestic jurists. Judicial discretion is a concept in the Russian legal system that has long attracted the attention of legislators because of its importance to the work of the courts. However, the interpretation of this concept contains many ambiguities that remain relevant to this day. An attempt is made to generalize all forms into a single classification, and appropriate conclusions are drawn on the need for the legislative inclusion of the concept of judicial discretion. The necessity of a comprehensive study of forms of discretion is substantiated. The author’s methods: the methodological framework consists of the methods of historicism, systematics, and comparative law. Results: a unified classification of various forms of discretion is presented. Conclusions: as a result of the study, it is revealed that discretion can be classified in relation to hypothesis, disposition, factual circumstances, and legal consequences.
The Legal Aspects of Whale Protection and Radioactive Pollution of the World Ocean
Authors: Lebedeva Yulia , Sazonova Alexandra
Published: February 2025

Introduction: the issue of the protection of cetaceans is regulated by a fairly large number of universal international treaties, including the International Convention for the Regulation of Whaling and the Convention on the Conservation of Migratory Species of Wild Animals, but despite this, the trend of reducing their numbers continues. Over the past decade, the problem of radioactive waste emissions into the World Ocean has worsened. Purpose: to study the possibility of introducing legal, financial and environmental system tools to increase the cetacean population as the main public good and a mechanism for regulating climate change processes (the circulation of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere and aquatic environment). Methods: the methodological framework for this research is a set of methods of scientific cognition based on the logical, system-structural, comparative, strategic, associative methods and information analysis. Results: the authors’ position reasoned in the work is based on the statistical data from the United Nations, foreign and domestic scientific publications on climate change, pollution of the oceans and whale protection. New solutions for the settlement of these problematic processes are proposed. Conclusion: as a result of the study, the key role of cetaceans in the processes associated with climate change is identified, and the economic benefits of financial support for the programs aimed at increasing the population of these large mammals are determined. The radioactive pollution of the World Ocean has a negative impact on the habitat and the growth of the whale population.
Challenges of Timely Kawasaki Disease Diagnosis in 2-Month-Old Child: Clinical Case
Authors: Ermolaeva Yuliya A. , Grishkevich Ivan R. , Doroshenko Ivan V. , Zgerskaya Tatiana V. , Samoilova Iuliia G. , Gay Svetlana A. , Shmakova Natalia A.
Published: February 2025

Background. Kawasaki disease is an acute febrile systemic vasculitis occurring primarily in children under the age of five years old. It is characterized by high risk of cardiovascular complications development, including coronary vessels aneurysm. Its timely diagnosis is difficult in the absence of major clinical signs.

Clinical case description. 2-month-old child developed a disease with the signs of respiratory infection, exanthema syndrome, severe anemia, thrombocytosis; he has laboratory signs of inflammation (leukocytosis, neutrophil shift, increased erythrocyte sedimentation rate and C-reactive protein level). The detection of early antibodies to cytomegalovirus infection and tick-borne borreliosis causative agent indicated the infectious nature of the disease. Clinical diagnosis was established: “Mixed infection: Lyme borreliosis, non-erythematous form, and unspecified serous meningitis, moderate severity, non-mild course. Prior disease complication: toxic-allergic dermatitis, secondary cardiopathy (toxic-infectious origin). Comorbid conditions: acquired cytomegalovirus infection, generalized form, with involvement of respiratory tract (nasopharyngotonsillitis), skin (exanthema syndrome), and hemopoietic system (severe anemia)”. The patient was transferred from somatic to infectious department, where he was administered with several courses of antibiotic therapy (ceftriaxone, cefepime, meropenem, vancomycin), antiviral drugs (viferon suppositories, acyclovir), RBC-transfusion was performed due to severe anemia. Single administration of human immunoglobulin was performed on the 18th day of the disease. The child was discharged with clinical recovery on the 35th day from the disease onset. Coronary artery aneurysm was revealed on the 30th day after discharge, retrospective diagnosis was established: Kawasaki disease.

Conclusion. Prolonged fever with nonspecific clinical manifestations of Kawasaki disease resulted in its late diagnosis. The disease was revealed only after the development of typical and at the same time severe complication — coronary artery aneurysm. Pediatricians should keep awareness on cases with long-term signs of inflammation with no established infectious disease.
Hereditary Pancreatitis: Overview
Authors: Karpeeva Yuliya S. , Balukova Ekaterina V. , Novikova Valeriya P. , Khavkin Anatoly I.
Published: February 2025

Pancreatitis refers to digestive system diseases that are challenging to diagnose and manage. They are also associated with irreversible changes in the organ’s parenchyma, that can lead to lethal outcome. The etiology of pancreatitis is diverse due to various exogenous and endogenous factors that determine the nature and severity of the pathological process itself. The major causes in children are the following: obstruction of ductus choledochus or duodenal papilla, abdominal trauma, viral infections, and some medications. Experts have revealed, after several studies, the association between pancreatitis and genetic factors causing up ton 75% of cases of chronic pancreatitis. Nowadays, genes associated with hereditary pancreatitis include PRSS1 (cationic trypsinogen gene), SPINK1 (serine peptidase inhibitor Kazal, type 1), CFTR (cystic fibrosis transmembrane conduction regulator), CTRC (encoding the functions of chymotrypsin C). The diagnostic criteria for hereditary pancreatitis have been established as for any other pancreatitis. The leading method for visualization of changes in pancreas remains ultrasound (US) examination of abdominal organs, endoscopic US, or magnetic resonance imaging. Molecular genetic testing is advisable for children with manifestations of pancreatitis in addition to recommended basic examinations.
Capitão Luciano Gomes Ribeiro. A elite escravista era parda (N. S. do Pilar do Iguaçu, Rio de Janeiro, c. 1770-1810)
Authors: GUEDES ROBERTO , SOARES MOISÉS PEIXOTO
Published: February 2025

RESUMO Voltado para a paróquia de N. S. do Pilar do Iguaçu, no recôncavo da capitania do Rio de Janeiro, em torno do período de 1770 a 1810, o artigo analisa como um pardo forro, Luciano Gomes Ribeiro, tornou-se senhor de um engenho com 155 escravos, constituindo-se em elite escravista. Portanto, a elite escravista era parda mestiça. Além disso, o trabalho ressalta que o pardo forro governava terras nas quais residiam lavradores senhores de poucos escravos amiúde também desprovidos de terras. A ascendência familiar do capitão de tropas auxiliares de pardos libertos lhe viabilizou o governo de sua casa e o da comunidade política do Pilar do Iguaçu. Ele era o mais desigual daquela sociedade ancorada no mar da desigualdade da escravidão de antigo regime. Para realizar o estudo, utilizamos registros paroquiais de batismo e óbito, e alguns testamentos e documentos administrativos.
Desempenho à deformação permanente de ligantes asfálticos puros e modificados com SBS provenientes de diferentes petróleos de origem
Authors: Malta Yan Gorski de Campos , Specht Luciano Pivoto , Carpio Joe Arnaldo Villena De , Izzo Ronaldo Luís dos Santos , Domingos Matheus David Inocente
Published: February 2025

RESUMO O presente trabalho monitorou o comportamento à deformação permanente de CAPs modificados por copolímero SBS e oriundos de três petróleos de origem, bem como suas respectivas misturas asfálticas. Três formulações do Brasil e da Rússia foram consideradas, uma das quais é um CAP brasileiro altamente modificado por polímero (SMB HiMA) e as outras duas são formulações convencionais e modificadas com SBS (SMB 60/85 brasileiro e SMB 65/90 russo). Os CAPs puros são do Brasil (AC 50–70) e da Colômbia (AC 60–70). Ensaios no CAP incluíram cisalhamento oscilatório e MSCR – sobretudo na temperatura de 64°C – e ensaios na mistura incluíram Flow Number (FN) a 60°C e o simulador Hamburgo (HWTT) a 50°C. Dentre os parâmetros do CAP, a compliância não-recuperável a 3,2 kPa (Jnr3.2) e o parâmetro combinado elasto-plástico a 3,2 kPa (CEP3.2) apresentaram maiores similaridades com os ordenamentos das misturas, além das melhores correlações com os dados de FN e HWTT. Entretanto, a diferença percentual entre compliâncias não-recuperáveis (Jnr,diff) mostrou ordenamentos divergentes das misturas, bem como um padrão de comportamento oposto nas linhas de tendência. Os resultados da declividade percentual entre compliâncias não-recuperáveis (Jnr,slope) são mais promissores que os de Jnr,diff, o que está de acordo com a literatura.
Durability characteristics on Self-Compacting Concrete using casting slag as fine aggregate
Authors: Rajalinggam Dharmaraj , Soundararajan Elango Krishnan , Manivannan Kavin Kallipatti , Selvaraj Logeshwaran , Kaliappan Selvi , Murugesan Swathika
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACT Self-Compacting Concrete (SCC) is a very flexible concrete that flows through intricate, heavily reinforced structural components and compacts under its own weight. Natural sand is in extremely high demand in developing countries because of the rapid expansion of the infrastructure. Many researchers are substituting some of the fine aggregate with materials based on slag. Environmental contamination is increased by the production of casting slag, a by-product of the casting industries that can be used to make concrete. Casting slag is a coagulation process result that is a solid in the iron industry. After being identified as garbage, it is usually disposed of in the utility disposal site. As a result, an effort has been undertaken to assess how casting slag affects the amount of Fine Aggregate (FA) replacement in the percentage of be 0%, 10%, 20%, and 30% and abovementioned tests were conducted. The results of the tests demonstrated that casting slag may be utilized efficiently as a substitute in part for fine aggregate in self-compacting concrete, resulting in sustainable construction.
Caries risk factors among Indonesian adults: insights from the national health survey
Authors: RACHMAWATI Yuanita Lely , PUTRI Agustine Hanafi , PRIYANTO Rahmavidyanti , NABILAH Khansa Catraliya , GANI Ananda Dhea Salsabila , MOHD-DOM Tuti Ningseh
Published: February 2025

Abstract Although caries is a preventable disease, it is still a health burden in all countries in all age categories. This study aimed to identify the determinants associated with caries risk factors in Indonesian adults. This secondary analysis used 2018 National Health Survey data, which included 37,057 respondents aged ≥ 15 years. The sampling design was based on census blocks selected using linear systematic sampling with probability proportional to size (PPS). The survey included an interview to collect data on sociodemographic characteristics, oral health practice, and health behavior. An oral examination was conducted to measure the DMFT (decayed, missing, filled- teeth) index. Multivariable models were generated to estimate the odds ratio (OR) and confidence intervals (95% CI) using caries as the dependent variable. The highest average DMFT index was seen in those respondents aged over 45 years, those from rural areas, individuals with low formal education, those who consumed sweets and sugary beverages at least once a day, those who did not brush their teeth regularly, and those who smoked. The multivariable analysis showed the potential risk of caries: risk of 19.51 times for older adults, 74% for male, 94% for those living in rural areas, 1.62 times for those with lower formal education, 78% for those with no dental visits, 1.18 times for those who eat sweets often, 1.37 times for those who drink sugary beverages often, 1.48 times for those who do not brush their teeth regularly, and 1.3 times for those who smoke. The multifaceted nature of caries in the Indonesian adult population highlights the influence of various factors, ranging from lifestyle habits and oral hygiene practices to access to dental services, age, and educational level.
Foliar Structural Aspects and Essential Oil Yield of Two Croton L. Species (Euphorbiaceae) from the Amazon
Authors: Carréra Jéfyne Campos , Furtado Ana Catarina Siqueira , Macedo Eunice Gonçalves , Sartori Luana de Jesus , Souza Fernanda Ilkiu Borges de
Published: February 2025

Abstract Croton cajucara Benth. and C. sacaquinha Croizat are known as “sacaca” and “sacaquinha”, respectively in the Amazon region. Both species are used in Amazon folk medicine for their pharmacological potential, associated mainly with rich phytochemical properties of leaves and essential oil. Aiming to identify and determine the number of secretory structures related to essential oil yield, leaves were harvested in the medicinal plant garden of Embrapa Amazonia Oriental, Belem, Pará, Brazil, and were submitted to microscopy techniques and essential oil extraction. The species presented differences in trichome types and frequency, as well as essential oil yield. Furthermore, a positive relationship between frequency of secretory trichomes and essential oil yield was observed. The results obtained highlight the potential of Croton species to provide oils and could represent a viable alternative for sustainable exploration and a source of income for Amazonian communities.
Feeding difficulties in typical children, sociodemographic factors, and family perception
Authors: Trofino Bruna Franciele Guimarães , Friche Amélia Augusta de Lima , Britto Denise Brandão de Oliveira e
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACT Purpose To verify the association between signs of feeding difficulties in typical children and sociodemographic and economic aspects, parental age and education level, and family perception of feeding difficulties. Methods Observational, analytical, cross-sectional study with a probabilistic sample of 113 children aged 2 years to 5 years and 11 months, registered at the Unified Health System in a town in inland Minas Gerais, Brazil. The study applied a sample characterization questionnaire, the Brazilian Child Feeding Scale (EBAI), and the Brazilian Economic Classification Criteria (CCEB) and performed descriptive, univariate, and multivariate analyses with multiple logistic regression. Results Children aged 2 and 3 years tended to have more feeding difficulties (p = 0.002) than older children. Preterm children were 3.64 times more likely to have feeding difficulties (p = 0.033) than their peers. Children with signs of feeding difficulties had greater difficulty in food introduction (p = 0.007), ate poorly until 2 years old (p = 0.014), and were 3.7 times more likely to have signs of sensory changes (p = 0.001) than the others. Conclusion Children aged 2 and 3 years tend to have more feeding difficulties than older ones. Prematurity, difficulty in introducing foods, and sensory changes are associated with childhood feeding difficulties.
Marco hermenéutico del Estado Social de Derecho
Authors: Perilla-Granados Juan Sebastián Alejandro
Published: February 2025

Resumen El Estado de Derecho actual se explica desde la prevalencia de la norma escrita, la cual puede ser interpretada desde diferentes teorías del derecho. Una de estas teorías es el antiformalismo, la cual comprende que el derecho tiene una naturaleza abierta y que debe ser complementada desde la realidad, a través de la interpretación auténtica de múltiples fuentes. En relación con el antiformalismo, al Estado de Derecho se le ha dado un alcance social e implica que debe primar el interés general sobre el particular. Esto se asegura desde la movilidad social, que toma como base la garantía de los derechos humanos fundamentales de todas las personas, para que a partir del trabajo se pueda configurar un ciclo de desarrollo apoyado en la solidaridad. En tal sentido, el objetivo de determinar si el Estado de Derecho con alcance social, acogido actualmente por las normas superiores de diferentes países, tiene relación directa con las pretensiones de desarrollo materializadas con la movilidad social. El artículo se fundamenta en un enfoque de investigación hermenéutico crítico, que implementa métodos de investigación cualitativa cuya principal estrategia de recolección de información es la revisión documental.
Impacto da pandemia de covid-19 nos casos de meningite bacteriana no Estado de São Paulo
Authors: Ferreira Petroni Tatiane , Sobrinho Marcos Fernando , Janeck Araujo Matheus
Published: February 2025

Considerando que tanto meningite bacteriana quanto covid-19 têm transmissão respiratória e que a pandemia de covid-19 fez a maioria dos países implementar medidas de contenção, como distanciamento social e uso de máscaras, o objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar o impacto que a pandemia de covid-19 sobre o perfil epidemiológico da meningite bacteriana no Estado de São Paulo. Foi realizado um levantamento dos casos de meningite na base de dados DATASUS, através do Tabnet, para conhecimento do perfil dos casos e para construção de uma série histórica (2017 a 2022). Posteriormente foi aplicado o modelo estatístico ARIMA para previsão da série temporal e comparação com os dados reais. No estado de São Paulo, 8.346 casos de meningite bacteriana foram notificados nesse período, dos quais 50,5% foram de etiologia não especificada, 22.6% de meningite pneumocócica e 20,4% de meningite meningocócica associada ou não com meningococcemia. Houve queda significativa nos casos de meningite nos anos 2020 e 2021, coincidindo com a época mais restritiva das medidas de contenção da covid-19 no cenário nacional e global, bem como um aumento de casos no final de 2021, quando estas medidas se tornaram menos restritivas, corroborando o impacto que essas medidas tiveram sobre a epidemiologia da meningite bacteriana. O monitoramento constante dos casos de meningite bacteriana permite não somente prever um cenário epidemiológico futuro como também orientar quanto a adoção de estratégias para controle da doença.
Gaussian Process Regression as an Alternative to Kriging and SVM for Spatial Yield Prediction
Authors: Rofatto Vinicius , Philippe Samuel , Martins George Deroco
Published: February 2025

Detecting spatial yield variability is essential for precision agriculture, as it reduces environmental impact and improves economic returns. This study evaluates Gaussian Process Regression (GPR), Ordinary Kriging (OK), and Support Vector Machine (SVM) under different sampling densities. GPR and OK perform similarly, with GPR showing a slight advantage in low-sampling conditions. With 322 samples, GPR achieves higher accuracy (RMSE = 0.64 t/ha, R² = 0.68) than OK (RMSE = 0.72 t/ha, R² = 0.60), while SVM performs worse (RMSE = 0.76 t/ha, R² = 0.55). Regardless of sample size, SVM-generated maps exhibit a smoothing effect, reducing sensitivity to local variations. OK remains effective but is more sensitive to sample density due to its reliance on the semivariogram model and the assumption of isotropy. These findings highlight GPR as a robust method for spatial yield prediction, particularly in sparse data conditions. The study was conducted in Patos de Minas, Brazil, using 795 georeferenced soybean yield samples over 3.7 hectares. From a practical perspective, GPR and OK remain strong candidates for yield interpolation, reinforcing the importance of model selection based on data availability and spatial variability.
Risk factors and adverse outcomes of cardiovascular diseases in people with high normal blood pressure of the Ryazan region. (5-year prospective follow-up)
Authors: Elmi S. , Dobrynina N.V. , Seleznev S.V. , Yakushin S.S.
Published: February 2025

High-normal blood pressure (HNBP) can increase the risk of cardiovascular events (CVE). The study of risk factors for cardiovascular diseases (CVD) and CVE among the Ryazan oblast population with HNBP can reveal epidemiological regional features of the HNBP influence on the prognosis. Objective. To compare risk factors for cardiovascular diseases and adverse outcomes in a 5-year prospective observation of the Ryazan oblast population with high-normal and normal blood pressure. Materials and Methods. In the study, “Epidemiology of cardiovascular diseases in the Russian Federation — 2” (ESSE-RF-2 RO), in Ryazan oblast, a group of 334 participants was selected from a random and representative sample of 1620 people aged 25 to 64 years, without CVD, diabetes mellitus, antihypertensive or lipid-lowering therapy. The patients were divided into two groups: 145 people with HNBP (130—139/85—89 mm Hg) and 189 people with normal blood pressure (NBP) (120—129/80—84 mm Hg). They were examined for CVD risk factors and accessed for CVE endpoints during a 5-year observation. Results. In the study, CVD risk factors were more common in the HNBP group than in the NBP group. The differences were statistically significant for an unhealthy diet, low physical activity, stress, family history of early CVD, body mass index, class I obesity, abdominal obesity, heart rate, and C-reactive protein and fibrinogen levels. No statistically significant difference between the HNBP and NBP groups was found for the prevalence of CVE endpoints during 5 years of observation. Conclusions. The results obtained should be considered in future research and the development of regional preventive measures for patients with high-normal blood pressure.
Adipocytokines as a predictor of the risk of adverse outcomes in patients with coronary heart disease and abdominal obesity after percutaneous coronary intervention
Authors: Svarovskaya A.V. , Arzhanik M.B. , Ogurkova O.N. , Vende A.D. , Garganeeva A.A.
Published: February 2025

Objective. To study the prognostic role of adipocytokines (apelin, omentin-1), reflecting the mechanisms of obesity in patients with coronary heart disease, to stratify the risk of adverse cardiovascular events during prospective follow-up. Materials and methods. A prospective study enrolled 74 patients who underwent elective percutaneous coronary intervention at their first admission. In patients, anthropometric indicators were measured: waist circumference (WC) and hip circumference (HC); the WC/HC ratio and body mass index were also calculated. The concentration of apelin and omentin-1 was measured using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. To assess the prognosis at 16 (9; 22) months, the following endpoints were analyzed: total and cardiovascular death, non-fatal myocardial infarction, non-fatal acute cerebrovascular accident, hospitalization for heart failure (HF) decompensation, unstable angina, and a composite endpoint including all of the listed adverse outcomes. Results. All patients were retrospectively divided into two groups: Group 1 included 47 patients with a favorable disease course, and Group 2 included 27 patients with adverse outcomes. Of the adverse outcomes, non-fatal myocardial infarction was the most common — 10.8% of patients, hospitalization due to HF decompensation and in-stent restenosis was 9.5% each, and 6.8% of patients had a fatal outcome. According to the results of the ROC analysis, the level of omentin-1 >12 ng/mL (p<0.0001), fibrinogen>2.82 g/L (p=0.24), a 6-minute walk distance ≤320 m (p=0.038) demonstrated high informative value and significance in assessing the risk of adverse events. The predictive value of apelin level (p=0.313) as a potential predictor of endpoint achievement was not confirmed. Multivariate regression analysis showed that only omentin-1 had prognostic value for the risk of adverse cardiovascular events. Conclusion. Multivariate regression analysis showed that only omentin-1 had a high prognostic value for the risk of adverse cardiovascular events and, at a threshold of more than 12 ng/mL (p<0.0001), could be used as an additional prognostic factor in patients with coronary heart disease and abdominal obesity, including those who had percutaneous coronary intervention.