bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Trans-radial Angioplasty of Anomalous Origin of Right Coronary Artery from Left Sinus of Valsalva - A Single-centre Experience
Authors: Nasrin Sahela , Cader F  Aaysha , Islam Shitil Ibna , Kabir Humayan , Shafi Masuma Jannat , Haq M Maksumul
Published: September 2020

Background: Percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) to anomalous coronary arteries remain a challenge in current practice, but can be overcome with appropriate techniques and devices. The objective of this study is to explore the challenges and techniques for success in PCI of anomalous origin of right coronary artery from left sinus of Valsalva (RCA-LSV) through the trans-radial route.

Methods: This study consisted of 13 patients who underwent PCI for an angiographically significant stenosis in RCA-LSV between November 2017 to March 2020. The procedural details including numbers of catheters used, access, hardware, techniques, duration of procedure, volume of contrast and complications were recorded and statistically analysed.

Results: The most frequent site for RCA-LSV is at the level of left main stem (LMS) (53.8%), with 30.8% being just above the LMS level and 5.4% being just below the LMS level. Male to female ratio was 5.5:1. Mean age was 53.7±6.7 (range;42-64) years. 76.9% of our patients were diabetic, 92.3% hypertensive, 84.6% dyslipidaemic, smoker & CKD were 23.1% each. PCI was done successfully in 100% cases. Our default route was transradial for coronary angiography. Angioplasty was performed through trans-radial route in 92.3% and transfemoral in 7.7%, with a single case requiring switch over from radial to femoral route. The average number of guide catheters used was (2±1.0), (range:1-4). We used 4 guide catheters in 2 cases, while the rest of the cases were done by single guide catheter. The guide catheter hooked the coronary ostium selectively and off ostium in 46.2% cases each, while in 7.6% cases it was deeply engaged. Anchoring wire to enhance the guide support was used in 7.7% of cases. The mean duration of the procedure was 33.8 minutes (range: 15-65 minutes), the mean volume of contrast used was 61.5 (range:30-150) ml. We used single stent in 61 % cases and two stents in 39 % cases. Average stent diameter was 2.9 (range;2.5-3.50) mm, length was 28.6 (range;12-43) mm. From among a range of guides used for angioplasty, Judkin’s left (JL) and Judkin’s Right (JR) successfully cannulated the RCALSV in 76.9% & 23.1% respectively. We used Ikari Left (IL) guide catheter in RCA-LSV associated with subclavian tortuosity to enhance guide support. Majority of the lesions stented were of ACC/AHA classification of Type A & B lesions (38.5% each), followed by Type C (23%) lesion.

Conclusion: To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of transradial PCI to RCA-LSV in Bangladesh, describing our experiences and techniques, with locally available hardware. PCI of RCA-LSV through radial route is technically challenging but feasible with reasonable amount of contrast and radiation. Proper localization of ostium and selection of suitable guide catheter like JL or IL is the key to success.

Bangladesh Heart Journal 2020; 35(1) : 28-38
Tetralogy of Fallot with Absent Pulmonary Valve Syndrome with Absent Left Pulmonary Artery - A Rare Presentation
Authors: Shamsuddin Abul Kalam , Biswas Prodip Kumar , Manzoo Muhammad Ishtiaque Sayeed Al , Azad Md Abul Kalam , Hasan Md Nurul Akhtar , Hosain Jasmin , Shamsuddin Mohammad Sharifuzzaman
Published: September 2020

Absent left pulmonary artery with Tetralogy of Fallot (TOF) with absent pulmonary valve syndrome (APVS), is a rare congenital cardiac anomaly. Here we present such a case of A 2 year 11 month old girl with cyanosis, exertional dyspnoea. Her diagnosis is confirmed by echocardiography and CT angiogram. There are very few cases have been reported till date with high postoperative mortality. Although per operative decision making was challenging regarding pulmonary valve and size of the RPA, we performed ICR with RPA reductionplasty and creation of monocuspid pulmonary valve with success. As it is a rare association and we have overcome the hindrance we came across per operatively, we are reporting this case.

Bangladesh Heart Journal 2020; 35(1) : 74-77
Cyclic Hydrodynamic Pressure Induced Proliferation of Bladder Smooth Muscle Cells via Integrin α5 and FAK
Authors: WEI T.-Q. , LUO D.-Y. , CHEN L. , WU T. , WANG K.-J.
Published: September 2020

According to previous studies, integrins play an important role in the mechanotransduction. The aim of this study was to examine the role of integrin subunits and its down-stream signaling molecules in the cyclic hydrodynamic pressure-induced proliferation of human bladder smooth muscle cells (HBSMCs) cultured in scaffolds. The HBSMCs cultured in scaffolds were subjected to four different levels of cyclic hydrodynamic pressure for 24 hours, which were controlled by a BOSE BioDynamic bioreactor. Flow cytometry was used to examine cell cycle distribution. Real-time RT-PCR and western blotting were used to examine the expression levels of integrin subunits and their downstream signaling molecules. Integrin α5 siRNA was applied to validate the role of integrin α5 in cell proliferation. Here, we showed that cyclic hydrodynamic pressure promoted proliferation of HBSMCs. The cyclic hydrodynamic pressure also increased expression of integrin α5 and phosphorylation of FAK, the key mediator of integrin α5 signaling, but not that of integrin α1, α3, α4, αv, β1 and β3. Moreover, inhibition of integrin α5 decreased the level of p-FAK and abolished proliferation of HBSMCs stimulated by cyclic hydrodynamic pressure. Taken together, we demonstrate for the ﬁrst time that the integrin α5-FAK signaling pathway controls the proliferation of HBSMCs in response to cyclic hydrodynamic pressure.
Differential Muscarinic Modulation of Synaptic Transmission in Dorsal and Ventral Regions of the Rat Nucleus Accumbens Core
Authors: JIANG X. , ZHANG J. J. , WANG M. Y. , SUI N.
Published: September 2020

The nucleus accumbens (NAc) core is critical in the control of motivated behaviors. The muscarinic acetylcholine receptors (mAChRs) modulating the excitatory inputs into the NAc core have been reported to impact such behaviors. Recent studies suggest that ventral and dorsal regions of the NAc core seem to be innervated by distinct populations of glutamatergic projection neurons. To further examine mAChRs modulation of these glutamatergic inputs to the NAc core, we employed intracellular recordings in rat NAc coronal slice preparation to characterize: 1) the effects of muscarine, an mAChRs agonist, on membrane properties of the NAc core neurons; 2) depolarizing synaptic potentials (DPSP) elicited by ventral and dorsal focal electrical stimuli; and 3) paired-pulse response with paired-pulse stimulation. Here we report that the paired-pulse ratio (PPR) elicited by dorsal stimuli was greater than that elicited by ventral stimuli. Bath application of muscarine (1-30 μM) decreased both ventral and dorsal DPSP in a concentration-dependent manner, with no effect on electrophysiological properties of NAc core neurons. Muscarine at 30 μM also elicited larger depression of dorsal DPSP than ventral DPSP. Moreover, muscarine increased the PPR of both dorsal and ventral DPSP. These data indicate that the glutamatergic afferent fibers traversing the dorsal and ventral NAc are separate, and that differential decrease of distinct afferent excitatory neurotransmission onto NAc core neurons may be mediated by presynaptic mechanisms.
Links between 8–10-Year-Old Children’s Self-Esteem and Creativity in the Process of Art Therapy
Authors: Brazauskaitė Audronė , Sadauskienė Donata , Lažauskas Robertas
Published: September 2020

Background. Children between the ages of 8 and 10 have communication problems. The strongest need of this age is the desire to be recognized by peers, which possibly overshadows the creative needs of self-expression (Jonynienė, 2013). The inner disharmony of a person, which becomes apparent at the younger school age, may later be more important and lead to emotional, behavioural and learning problems, as well as social disadaptation (Juknienė, 2005). We can assume that in case of low self-esteem and low creative needs for self-expression art therapy sessions could help strengthen a person’s self-esteem and creativity.Research aim. The aim of the study was to identify and evaluate links between 8–10-year-old children’s self-esteem and creativity in the process of art therapy. Objectives of the research: 1. To determine 8–10-year-old children’s self-esteem. 2. To determine 8–10-year-old children’s creativity before and after art therapy. Research question: 1. How do the data of the analysis of research methods relate to each other?Methods. The study applied mixed-methods approach. The self-esteem test by Oaklander (2014), E. E. Tunik’s creativity methodology, analysis of formal elements, case analysis and group art therapy consisting of 10 sessions were applied.Results. Self-esteem was tested during the research was average. The change in creativity after art therapy programs was statistically significant (p < 0.05). The results of the analysis of formal elements and the case study were the most important.Conclusions. Research results showed that art therapy strengthened 8-10-yearold children’s self-esteem and improved their creativity. Comparing the first session of art therapy with the last one, the self-esteem and creative experience of the subjects increased.Keywords: self-esteem, creativity, art therapy, junior school age.
Impact of Physical Exercise on Depression and Anxiety Symptoms, Quality of Life and Muscle Strength in the Elderly
Authors: Meidutė Vaida , Česnaitienė Vida Janina
Published: September 2020

Background. Mood disorders affect the quality of life and functional abilities in older people. The elderly are often physically inactive, suffering from chronic diseases. It is not clear if physical exercise improves quality of life and motor function in patients with depressive and anxiety symptoms.The aim. To determine the impact of physical exercise on depression and anxiety symptoms, quality of life and muscle strength in the elderly.Methods. Eighteen individuals over 60 years of age were studied. Subjects were evaluated before and after physical exercise interventions using the following assessment methods: Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale; Short version of the WHO Quality of Life Questionnaire WHOQOL-BREF; Manual muscle testing.Results. Subjects had decreased scores for depression, anxiety, and general psychoemotional area, improved quality of life scores in all areas, and improved muscle strength in all groups studied. The percentage change after exercise intervention was better in functional movements in those who rated their physical health worse before exercise. The percentage change in subjects who rated psychological health better before physical exercise intervention was better in the area of anxiety and overall psychoemotional status than in those who rated it worse. In the area of social relations, the percentage change did not differ between the groups (p < 0.05).Conclusion. After eight weeks of physical exercise intervention in the elderly, depression and anxiety rates were reduced, and quality of life and motor functions were improved in the subjects.Keywords. Physical exercise, depression and anxiety, the elderly, quality of life, motor functions.
Effects of Aerobic Exercise on Cognitive Function and Affected Arm Function in Individuals with Ischemic Stroke
Authors: Solianik Rima , Armanavičiūtė Justina
Published: September 2020

Background. Aerobic exercise has been successfully applied for cognitive and motor function improvement; however, its effects on the affected arm function in individuals with stroke remains equivocal.Research aim. The aim of this study was to determine the effects of aerobic exercise on cognitive function and affected arm function in individuals with ischemic stroke.Methods. The study included 16 subjects with ischemic stroke. They were randomly assigned to control (30 min of usual physiotherapy) and experimental (30 min of usual physiotherapy plus 20 min of aerobic exercise) groups. The interventions were performed five times a week, for 8 weeks. Cognitive performance and the affected arm function were evaluated before and after interventions.Results. In the experimental group, improvement (p < 0.05) in the affected arm function and attention were observed. Both interventions significantly improved (p < 0.05) cognitive flexibility; however, greater improvement (p < 0.05) was observed after experimental intervention compared with control intervention. No differences in intervention effects on working memory were observed.Conclusions. Aerobic exercise, which is performed immediately after physiotherapy, improves recovery of impaired arm function, attention, and cognitive flexibility in individuals with ischemic stroke.Keywords: endurance exercises, motor function, aerobic exercise, cognitive flexibility.
The Effect of Aerobic Exercise with Calorie Restriction Program on Muscle Strength and Aerobic Capacity in Overweight and Obese Women
Authors: Žlibinaitė Laura , Solianik Rima , Streckis Vytautas , Baranauskienė Neringa , Skurvydas Albertas
Published: September 2020

Background. Few studies have demonstrated that different combinations of calorie restriction (CR) and aerobic exercise training improved aerobic capacity (Redman et al., 2007; Weiss et al., 2017) but did not change muscle strength (Weiss et al., 2017) in adult overweight subjects. However, the effect of six-month program combined of moderate intensity aerobic exercise (150 min/week) and 12.5% of CR on aerobic capacity and muscle strength remains unclear.The aim of the present study was to estimate the effect of a six-month aerobic exercise with CR program on muscle strength and aerobic capacity in middle-aged, overweight and obese women.Methods. Twenty-six overweight and obese sedentary women (36–56 years of age, body mass index (BMI) 25.0–37.5 kg/m2) were recruited and randomly allocated to either control or experimental aerobic exercise with CR program group for six-month period. Changes in handgrip strength, knee extension and flexion strength and aerobic capacity (VO2peak) were measured.Results. Absolute peak VO2 (P < 0.001) and normalized peak VO2 (P = 0.013) significantly increased after the aerobic exercise with CR program. A greater normalized peak VO2 (P < 0.001) was observed after the aerobic exercise and CR intervention compared with the control group. However, no effect was estimated on muscle strength in this study.Conclusions. The combined 6-month aerobic exercise with CR program improved the aerobic capacity in middle-aged, overweight and obese women, but had no effect on isometric and isokinetic strength.Keywords: diet; physical exercise; obesity; muscle; cardiovascular fitness.
Narrative Disorientation and Beckett's Bureaucratic Space
Authors: McAllister Brian J.
Published: September 2020

This essay investigates political implications of narrative space in Samuel Beckett's closed-space narratives, arguing for a narratological understanding of these spatial politics. It focuses on Imagination Dead Imagine, a text that radically disorients reader engagement with narrative space. In this text, Beckett collides bureaucratic narrative logic, which compartmentalises and accounts for all details of narrative space, against trenchantly anti-bureaucratic grammar, in which sentence structure disrupts and undermines spatial ordering. This dialectical relationship between bureaucratic narrative voice and unstable grammar critiques the logic that, in Giorgio Agamben's biopolitical sense, defines the bureaucratic nation-state. By associating narrative space and its inhabiting characters with the bureaucratic logic of modernity, Imagination Dead Imagine enacts and examines what Agamben calls the state of exception, inscribing politics onto the bare life of characters. While the text avoids direct reference to these historical conditions, its structure performs and resists the politics implicit in those conditions.
Synecdoche's Obloquy: Beckett and the Performance of Indecency
Authors: Kastleman Rebecca
Published: September 2020

In Beckett's Ireland, the practice of censorship was bound up with the workings of literary genre. The fact that printed matter was subject to censorship, while theatre was not, meant that the censor played a role in maintaining the distinction between dramatic and nondramatic writing. Many Irish authors responded to these conditions by remediating censored narratives as theatre. Beckett adopted an alternative strategy, rejecting the legal premises of Irish censorship and crafting his literary style around a critique of the censor's reading practices. Beckett's responses to the Irish censor track his turn from the novel to the drama. Across genres, Beckett's writing in English was shaped by the climate of post-publication censorship in Ireland, the effects of which are legible even in works that were never banned. Beckett's rejoinder to the censor was articulated using terms set out by the Irish Free State's Committee on Evil Literature, which held that censors could prohibit a text based on one ‘indecent’ passage, rather than evaluating that excerpt in the context of the work as a whole. For Beckett, the literary trope of synecdoche—that is, the rhetorical substitution of a part for the whole—became associated with the censor's mode of reading. Beckett harnesses the trope of synecdoche to impugn Irish censorship practices, a pattern evident from the direct address to the censor in Murphy to the dramaturgical evocation of self-censorship in Not I. The use of synecdoche illuminates Beckett's reckoning with his cultural inheritance as an Irish writer and indexes his shift towards a cosmopolitan literary identity.
Beckett's Broken Circle: A Literary Fractal
Authors: Connolly Luke
Published: September 2020

This essay proposes that the picture of a broken circle encountered by Watt during the second part of his tale marks a crucial collision point between Beckett's literary and mathematical interests and triggers a process of fractal scaling self-similarity. Building on recent interest concerning the role of the mathematics and mathematical forms found in Beckett's work, I argue that the broken circle depicted in the picture from Watt is a geometric form which (re)appears within at least three interlocking scales throughout Beckett's novel-length prose: (i) its moment of arrival in the picture from Watt, (ii) a macroscopic reinscription in the names of the protagonists populating the five novels spanning Watt through to The Unnamable and (iii) buried within the narratological depths of How It Is.

As a structural principle, the interminable irregularity of fractals offered Beckett a viable solution for what he considered the defining task of the modern artist: ‘to find a form to accommodate the mess’. Moreover, the specific shape selected for his fractal is shown to contain within its geometry one of Beckett's most universal and pressing concerns: the inevitable insufficiency of language. Therefore, although this essay restricts itself to examining Beckett's novel-length prose, the idea of a broken circle fractal promises to provide a valuable heuristic through which to reassess the author's other generic avenues. Fractals thus offer a means through which one can bind together the length and breadth of Beckett's oeuvre without ever reducing dynamic chaos to stable order.
Go big or go home! La integración vertical AT&T-Time Warner
Authors: Komissarov Serguei , Sánchez Narvarte Emiliano
Published: September 2020

En este trabajo analizamos la integración vertical entre la empresa de telecomunicaciones AT&T y el conglomerado mediático Time Warner, como respuesta a las transformaciones de la industria audiovisual estadounidense, a partir de la convergencia tecnológica. Desde una perspectiva teórico-metodológica inscrita en la economía política de la comunicación, examinamos los efectos anticompetitivos de la fusión sobre el mercado y sus posibles consecuencias. Esta entrada analítica nos permite reflexionar sobre las nuevas condiciones en las que el contenido audiovisual se produce, distribuye y consume como consecuencia de la digitalización.
PELATIHAN LIFE SKILL DAN MOTIVASI TERHADAP KEMAMPUAN PESERTA PLSP DAN IMPLIKASINYA DALAM PENINGKATAN PENDAPATAN DI KABUPATEN BANDUNG
Authors: Prayetno Sugeng , Permadi Hendra
Published: September 2020

Kegiatan program Pelatihan Kecakapan Hidup (Life Skill) di Pendidikan Luar Sekolah dan Pemuda (PLSP) binaan Dinas Pendidikan Kabupaten Bandung bertujuan untuk mengentaskan kemiskinan dan meningkatkan pendapatan masyarakat dengan cara meningkatkan kualitas kemampuan peserta yang nantinya mengantarkan mereka memasuki dunia kerja atau untuk berwirausaha.  Penelitian terhadap 200 peserta, metode  yang digunakan adalah metode deskriptif. Dari hasil pembahasan penelitian tersebut ditemukan  sebagai berikut :Pelatihan Life Skill terdiri dari Program Kegiatan, Sarana dan Prasarana, Pembiayaan, dan Peran Serta Masyarakat, diperoleh dengan hasil skor rata-rata sebesar 3,5240 dikategorikan baik, Motivasi Kerja  terdiri dari kebutuhan Psikologis, Keamanan Sosial, Penghargaan, Aktualisasi Diri  diperoleh skor sebesar 3,1245 dikategorikan baik, Kemampuan  terdiri dari Pengetahuan, Keterampilan, Sikap Mental  diperoleh skor rata-rata sebesar 3,8827 dikategorikan baik, Peningkatan Pendapatan  terdiri dari Gaji, Upah, Honor, Insentif  diperoleh skor rata-rata sebesar 3,8085 dikategorikan baik, Pengaruh Pelaksanaan Pelatihan Life Skill terhadap Kemampuan Peserta  adalah lebih dari cukup 39% kategori rendah signifikan, Pengaruh Motivasi Kerja terhadap Kemampuan Peserta  adalah lebih dari 22% termasuk rendah signifikan, Pengaruh Pelaksanaan Pelatihan Life Skill dan Motivasi Kerja terhadap Kemampuan Peserta  sebesar  61%, termasuk kategori tinggi signifikan, Pengaruh Kemampuan terhadap Peningkatan Pendapatan Peserta  sebesar 87%, termasuk kategori sangat tinggi signifikan
Mitochondria and Cancer
Authors: Bazhin Alexandr V.
Published: September 2020

Mitochondria are indispensable for energy metabolism and are essential for the regulation of many cellular processes in healthy as well as in transformed cells [...]
A Study on Axial Compression Performance of Concrete-Filled Steel-Tubular Shear Wall with a Multi-Cavity T-Shaped Cross-Section
Authors: Sun Hao , Xu Qingyuan , Yan Pengfei , Yin Jianguang , Lou Ping
Published: September 2020

In order to study the axial compression performance of the T-shaped multi-cavity concrete-filled steel tube shear wall, first, three specimens were designed to perform the axial compression test. Then three-dimensional finite element analysis by the ABAQUS software was used to obtain the axial bearing capacity of the shear wall with different parameters. According to the results of the finite element model, the computational diagram in the limit state was obtained. The diagram was simplified into the core concrete in the non-enhanced area that was not constrained by the steel tube and the core concrete in the enhanced area that was uniformly constrained by the steel tube. Finally, a new practical equation for calculating the axial bearing capacity of a multi-cavity concrete-filled steel tubular shear wall was deduced and proposed based on the theory of ultimate equilibrium. The calculation results of the proposed equation were in good agreement with the finite element results, and the proposed equation can be used in practical engineering design.
Non-Violence, Asceticism, and the Problem of Buddhist Nationalism
Authors: Chiu Yvonne
Published: September 2020

Contemporary Buddhist violence against minority Muslims in Myanmar is rightfully surprising: a religion with its particular moral philosophies of non-violence and asceticism and with its functional polytheism in practice should not generate genocidal nationalist violence. Yet, there are resources within the Buddhist canon that people can draw from to justify violence in defense of the religion and of a Buddhist-based polity. When those resources are exploited in the context of particular Theravāda Buddhist practices and the history of Buddhism and Buddhist identity in Burma from ancient times through its colonial and contemporary periods, it perpetuates an ongoing tragedy that is less about religion than about ethno-nationalism.
A Systematic Review of COVID-19 Infection in Kidney Transplant Recipients: A Universal Effort to Preserve Patients’ Lives and Allografts
Authors: Marinaki Smaragdi , Tsiakas Stathis , Korogiannou Maria , Grigorakos Konstantinos , Papalois Vassilios , Boletis Ioannis
Published: September 2020

The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has posed a significant challenge to physicians and healthcare systems worldwide. Evidence about kidney transplant (KTx) recipients is still limited. A systematic literature review was performed. We included 63 articles published from 1 January until 7 July 2020, reporting on 420 adult KTx recipients with confirmed COVID-19. The mean age of patients was 55 ± 15 years. There was a male predominance (67%). The majority (74%) were deceased donor recipients, and 23% were recently transplanted (<1 year). Most patients (88%) had at least one comorbidity, 29% had two, and 18% three. Ninety-three percent of cases were hospitalized. Among them, 30% were admitted to the intensive care unit, 45% developed acute respiratory distress syndrome, and 44% had acute kidney injury with 23% needing renal replacement therapy. From the hospitalized patients a total of 22% died, 59% were discharged, and 19% were still in hospital at the time of publication. Immunosuppression was reduced in 27%, discontinued in 31%, and remained unchanged in 5%. Hydroxychloroquine was administered to 78% of patients, antibiotics to 73%, and antivirals to 30% while 25% received corticosteroid boluses, 28% received anti-interleukin agents, and 8% were given immunoglobulin. The main finding of our analysis was that the incidence of COVID-19 among kidney transplant patients is not particularly high, but when they do get infected, this is related to significant morbidity and mortality.
Did a Complex Carbon Cycle Operate in the Inner Solar System?
Authors: Nuth Joseph A. , Ferguson Frank T. , Hill Hugh G. M. , Johnson Natasha M.
Published: September 2020

Solids in the interstellar medium consist of an intimate mixture of silicate and carbonaceous grains. Because 99% of silicates in meteorites were reprocessed at high temperatures in the inner regions of the Solar Nebula, we propose that similar levels of heating of carbonaceous materials in the oxygen-rich Solar Nebula would have converted nearly all carbon in dust and grain coatings to CO. We discuss catalytic experiments on a variety of grain surfaces that not only produce gas phase species such as CH4, C2H6, C6H6, C6H5OH, or CH3CN, but also produce carbonaceous solids and fibers that would be much more readily incorporated into growing planetesimals. CH4 and other more volatile products of these surface-mediated reactions were likely transported outwards along with chondrule fragments and small Calcium Aluminum-rich Inclusions (CAIs) to enhance the organic content in the outer regions of the nebula where comets formed. Carbonaceous fibers formed on the surfaces of refractory oxides may have significantly improved the aggregation efficiency of chondrules and CAIs. Carbonaceous fibers incorporated into chondritic parent bodies might have served as the carbon source for the generation of more complex organic species during thermal or hydrous metamorphic processes on the evolving asteroid.
Gluten-Free Diet in Prisons in Poland: Nutrient Contents and Implementation of Dietary Reference Intake Standards
Authors: Kosendiak Aureliusz , Stanikowski Piotr , Domagała Dorota , Gustaw Waldemar
Published: September 2020

The gluten-free diet (GFD) requires special attention from nutritionists due to the potential risk of nutrient deficiencies in its users. This risk may be greater when this type of nutrition is implemented in prisons due to the limited possibilities of external control, a low catering budget for meals, and insufficiently defined recommendations regulating nutrition for prisoners. The aim of the present study was to assess the nutritional value of GFD and regular diet meals served in some Polish prisons and to compare the values to the dietary reference intake (DRI) standards. Using a specialized computer program, 7-day menus of both types of diet provided in 10 prisons were analyzed. The percentage coverage of the DRI was calculated based on the recommendations of the Polish National Food and Nutrition Institute. GFD was characterized by lower average contents of energy and 11 out of 14 essential nutrients, i.e., protein, carbohydrates, dietary fiber, starch, ash, sodium, calcium, iron, zinc, folate, and vitamin B12. The average content of phosphorus, niacin, and riboflavin in the gluten-free diet was higher than that in the regular diet. It was shown that the meals in GFD and the regular diet did not provide the recommended amounts of calcium (38 and 44% DRI, respectively), vitamin D (29 and 30% DRI), vitamin C (86 and 76% DRI), and folate (51 and 56% DRI). In turn, the supply of sodium, phosphorus, copper, and vitamins A and B6 substantially exceeded the recommended levels. The results indicate a need for greater quality control of GFD meals served in catering facilities. It is also necessary to develop legal provisions that will regulate more specifically the nutrition for prisoners in terms of an adequate supply of minerals and vitamins.
The Evolving Applications of Creatine Supplementation: Could Creatine Improve Vascular Health?
Authors: Clarke Holly , Kim Do-Houn , Meza Cesar A. , Ormsbee Michael J. , Hickner Robert C.
Published: September 2020

Creatine is a naturally occurring compound, functioning in conjunction with creatine kinase to play a quintessential role in both cellular energy provision and intracellular energy shuttling. An extensive body of literature solidifies the plethora of ergogenic benefits gained following dietary creatine supplementation; however, recent findings have further indicated a potential therapeutic role for creatine in several pathologies such as myopathies, neurodegenerative disorders, metabolic disturbances, chronic kidney disease and inflammatory diseases. Furthermore, creatine has been found to exhibit non-energy-related properties, such as serving as a potential antioxidant and anti-inflammatory. Despite the therapeutic success of creatine supplementation in varying clinical populations, there is scarce information regarding the potential application of creatine for combatting the current leading cause of mortality, cardiovascular disease (CVD). Taking into consideration the broad ergogenic and non-energy-related actions of creatine, we hypothesize that creatine supplementation may be a potential therapeutic strategy for improving vascular health in at-risk populations such as older adults or those with CVD. With an extensive literature search, we have found only four clinical studies that have investigated the direct effect of creatine on vascular health and function. In this review, we aim to give a short background on the pleiotropic applications of creatine, and to then summarize the current literature surrounding creatine and vascular health. Furthermore, we discuss the varying mechanisms by which creatine could benefit vascular health and function, such as the impact of creatine supplementation upon inflammation and oxidative stress.
Secondary Precipitation Estimate Merging Using Machine Learning: Development and Evaluation over Krishna River Basin, India
Authors: Kolluru Venkatesh , Kolluru Srinivas , Wagle Nimisha , Acharya Tri Dev
Published: September 2020

The study proposes Secondary Precipitation Estimate Merging using Machine Learning (SPEM2L) algorithms for merging multiple global precipitation datasets to improve the spatiotemporal rainfall characterization. SPEM2L is applied over the Krishna River Basin (KRB), India for 34 years spanning from 1985 to 2018, using daily measurements from three Secondary Precipitation Products (SPPs). Sixteen Machine Learning Algorithms (MLAs) were applied on three SPPs under four combinations to integrate and test the performance of MLAs for accurately representing the rainfall patterns. The individual SPPs and the integrated products were validated against a gauge-based gridded dataset provided by the Indian Meteorological Department. The validation was applied at different temporal scales and various climatic zones by employing continuous and categorical statistics. Multilayer Perceptron Neural Network with Bayesian Regularization (NBR) algorithm employing three SPPs integration outperformed all other Machine Learning Models (MLMs) and two dataset integration combinations. The merged NBR product exhibited improvements in terms of continuous and categorical statistics at all temporal scales as well as in all climatic zones. Our results indicate that the SPEM2L procedure could be successfully used in any other region or basin that has a poor gauging network or where a single precipitation product performance is ineffective.
Differential Geometry and Binary Operations
Authors: Barabanov Nikita E. , Ungar Abraham A.
Published: September 2020

We derive a large set of binary operations that are algebraically isomorphic to the binary operation of the Beltrami–Klein ball model of hyperbolic geometry, known as the Einstein addition. We prove that each of these operations gives rise to a gyrocommutative gyrogroup isomorphic to Einstein gyrogroup, and satisfies a number of nice properties of the Einstein addition. We also prove that a set of cogyrolines for the Einstein addition is the same as a set of gyrolines of another binary operation. This operation is found directly and it turns out to be commutative. The same results are obtained for the binary operation of the Beltrami–Poincare disk model, known as Möbius addition. We find a canonical representation of metric tensors of binary operations isomorphic to the Einstein addition, and a canonical representation of metric tensors defined by cogyrolines of these operations. Finally, we derive a formula for the Gaussian curvature of spaces with canonical metric tensors. We obtain necessary and sufficient conditions for the Gaussian curvature to be equal to zero.
Global Optimization for Mixed–Discrete Structural Design
Authors: Tsai Jung-Fa , Lin Ming-Hua , Wen Duan-Yi
Published: September 2020

Several structural design problems that involve continuous and discrete variables are very challenging because of the combinatorial and non-convex characteristics of the problems. Although the deterministic optimization approach theoretically guarantees to find the global optimum, it usually leads to a significant burden in computational time. This article studies the deterministic approach for globally solving mixed–discrete structural optimization problems. An improved method that symmetrically reduces the number of constraints for linearly expressing signomial terms with pure discrete variables is applied to significantly enhance the computational efficiency of obtaining the exact global optimum of the mixed–discrete structural design problem. Numerical experiments of solving the stepped cantilever beam design problem and the pressure vessel design problem are conducted to show the efficiency and effectiveness of the presented approach. Compared with existing methods, this study introduces fewer convex terms and constraints for transforming the mixed–discrete structural problem and uses much less computational time for solving the reformulated problem to global optimality.
An Investigation of Three-Finger Toxin—nAChR Interactions through Rosetta Protein Docking
Authors: Gulsevin Alican , Meiler Jens
Published: September 2020

Three-finger toxins (3FTX) are a group of peptides that affect multiple receptor types. One group of proteins affected by 3FTX are nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChR). Structural information on how neurotoxins interact with nAChR is limited and is confined to a small group of neurotoxins. Therefore, in silico methods are valuable in understanding the interactions between 3FTX and different nAChR subtypes, but there are no established protocols to model 3FTX–nAChR interactions. We followed a homology modeling and protein docking protocol to address this issue and tested its success on three different systems. First, neurotoxin peptides co-crystallized with acetylcholine binding protein (AChBP) were re-docked to assess whether Rosetta protein–protein docking can reproduce the native poses. Second, experimental data on peptide binding to AChBP was used to test whether the docking protocol can qualitatively distinguish AChBP-binders from non-binders. Finally, we docked eight peptides with known α7 and muscle-type nAChR binding properties to test whether the protocol can explain the differential activities of the peptides at the two receptor subtypes. Overall, the docking protocol predicted the qualitative and some specific aspects of 3FTX binding to nAChR with reasonable success and shed light on unknown aspects of 3FTX binding to different receptor subtypes.
Identification and Distribution of Novel Cressdnaviruses and Circular Molecules in Four Penguin Species in South Georgia and the Antarctic Peninsula
Authors: Levy Hila , Fontenele Rafaela S. , Harding Ciara , Suazo Crystal , Kraberger Simona , Schmidlin Kara , Djurhuus Anni , Black Caitlin E. , Hart Tom , Smith Adrian L. , Varsani Arvind
Published: September 2020

There is growing interest in uncovering the viral diversity present in wild animal species. The remote Antarctic region is home to a wealth of uncovered microbial diversity, some of which is associated with its megafauna, including penguin species, the dominant avian biota. Penguins interface with a number of other biota in their roles as marine mesopredators and several species overlap in their ranges and habitats. To characterize the circular single-stranded viruses related to those in the phylum Cressdnaviricota from these environmental sentinel species, cloacal swabs (n = 95) were obtained from King Penguins in South Georgia, and congeneric Adélie Penguins, Chinstrap Penguins, and Gentoo Penguins across the South Shetland Islands and Antarctic Peninsula. Using a combination of high-throughput sequencing, abutting primers-based PCR recovery of circular genomic elements, cloning, and Sanger sequencing, we detected 97 novel sequences comprising 40 ssDNA viral genomes and 57 viral-like circular molecules from 45 individual penguins. We present their detection patterns, with Chinstrap Penguins harboring the highest number of new sequences. The novel Antarctic viruses identified appear to be host-specific, while one circular molecule was shared between sympatric Chinstrap and Gentoo Penguins. We also report viral genotype sharing between three adult-chick pairs, one in each Pygoscelid species. Sequence similarity network approaches coupled with Maximum likelihood phylogenies of the clusters indicate the 40 novel viral genomes do not fall within any known viral families and likely fall within the recently established phylum Cressdnaviricota based on their replication-associated protein sequences. Similarly, 83 capsid protein sequences encoded by the viruses or viral-like circular molecules identified in this study do not cluster with any of those encoded by classified viral groups. Further research is warranted to expand knowledge of the Antarctic virome and would help elucidate the importance of viral-like molecules in vertebrate host evolution.
Erratum: Longhi Bitencourt, E. et al. South American Values of the Optical Straylight Function. Vision 2020, 4, 2
Authors: Bitencourt Emilia Longhi , Ventura Dora Fix , Costa Marcelo Fernandes
Published: September 2020

The authors wish to make the following erratum to this paper [...]
Poder político, programa y pasturas en Lorena en vísperas de la Revolución Francesa
Authors: Ríos Manuel
Published: September 2020

En la segunda mitad del siglo XVIII, una moribunda monarquía impulsó una serie de reformas agrarias que buscaban salvar al régimen y su clase dominante, la nobleza. Altamente impopulares, cuando la movilización de 1789 en vísperas de los estados generales generó la redacción de cuadernos de quejas, los campesinos buscaron recuperar el terreno perdido en dos aspectos tocados por las reformas: los comunales y la derrota de mieses. Los programas políticos fueron claros: restitución de la derrota de mieses en todo el término y fin de las divisiones de comunales. El presente trabajo analiza las relaciones de poder en la aldea, para determinar qué sectores se impusieron en las asambleas parroquiales y poder concluir así quienes fueron los impulsores de ese programa político.Palabras clave: Campesinado;  derrota de mieses;  comunales; programa político
Trans-formando la Educación: una propuesta con perspectiva de género para un bachillerato más inclusivo
Authors: Croce Jesica
Published: September 2020

El discurso escolar ha estructurado históricamente los cuerposy subjetividades de lxs estudiantes doblegando sus emociones,diversidades y experiencias, a una lógica hegemónica y heteronormativa,racional y homogénea. Como respuesta disruptiva ante este escenario,surge el Bachillerato Popular Trans “Mocha Celis”, el cual brinda laposibilidad de completar estudios secundarios a jóvenes y adultxstrans (aunque no exclusivamente) en el marco de una propuesta querepresenta un importante avance en materia de inclusión social. Estetrabajo, se propone analizar dicho proyecto intentando mostrar cómoposibilita la inserción y escolarización de estudiantes tradicionalmentevulnerabilizadxs, desde un currículo que lxs acerca a las aulas, y surgepara responder a sus propias inquietudes.
La maternidad y las mujeres de sectores populares en las Transferencias Condicionadas de Ingresos Un aporte al debate sobre el cuidado y las relaciones de género
Authors: Llobet Valeria , Milanich Nara
Published: September 2020

Este artículo enfoca específicas articulaciones, entre lasdesigualdades sociales y de género, alrededor del problema de laregulación estatal de las estrategias de sobrevivencia y el cuidado, apartir de examinar las relaciones entre beneficiarias, los miembros desus familias y las comunidades, y cómo las TCI cambian, refuerzan odan forma a estas relaciones sociales. El argumento central es queel énfasis en las mujeres en tanto madres, si bien permite visualizaruna relación central al sometimiento de las mujeres, al mismo tiempoinvisibiliza el hecho que la maternidad redunda en relaciones y redessociales en el ámbito comunal. “Madre” no es meramente una identidadprivada o familiar, sino que se expresa en espacios públicos y enrelaciones sociales extrafamiliares.
Konsep Perencanaan Festival Musik Untuk Anak-Anak Di Sma Teruna Muda Cibubur
Authors: Nauli Nadya Priscilla
Published: September 2020

Konsep perencanaan karya nonskripsi ini untuk mengetahui bagaimana perkembangan dunia seni musik khususnya di dalam pendidikan sekolah yang mayoritas anak-anaknya menyukai festival seni musik di SMA Teruna Muda Cibubur. Hal ini dilandasi oleh ketertarikan pembuat karya pada seni musik dan perkembangan festival musik sekolah yang jarang di ketahui oleh banyak orang  sehingga belum banyak orang yang menyadari bahwa sudah banyak anak-anak sekolah yang menyukai seni dalam bidang musik khususnya festival, sehingga pembuat karya mengangkat perencanaan rancangan karya non skripsi untuk mewadahi anak-anak khususnya di SMA Teruna Muda Cibubur untuk menyalurkan bakat dan ketertarikan mereka terhadap dunia musik. Pembuat karya bertujuan untuk memberikan kesadaran kepada khalayak umum agar dapat menyadari atau memberikan simpati yang lebih untuk anak-anak sekolah menengah atas yang mempunyai bakat non akademik dengan kemampuan yang dimiliki namun belum sempat tersampaikan. Rancangan konsep karya ini menggunakan teori event management, perancang karya mengartikan bahwa event merupakan sebuah kegiatan yang bisa berwujud atraksi hiburan, tradisi, budaya, olahraga, dan lain sebagainya yang dilakukan dalam kurun waktu tertentu dengan mendatangkan orang-orang ke suatu tempat agar mereka memperoleh informasi atau pengalaman penting serta tujuan lain yang diharapkan oleh perancang.Pembuat karya membuat sebuah konsep perencanaan festival musik di SMA Teruna Muda Cibubur untuk menampilkan suatu karya seni guna untuk mengapresiasikan bakat dari anak-anak sekolah SMA Teruna Muda Cibubur dan menjadi sebuah event festival musik. Rancangan karya ini untuk membuat festival musik di SMA Teruna Muda Cibubur. Pembuat karya akan menjadikan ini misi sebagai meningkatkan rasa seni dan menjunjung kreativitas anak-anak disekolah SMA Teruna Muda Cibubur
Validación para utilización en Colombia de la escala EORTC QLQ C-30 para evaluación de la calidad de vida de los pacientes con cáncer
Authors: Sánchez Pedraza Ricardo , Valderamar Adriana
Published: September 2020

Objetivo: Validar la versión colombiana de la escala EORTC QLQC-30 para medir calidad de vida en pacientes con diagnóstico de cáncer en Colombia.

Métodos: La validez de la escala se determinó usando métodos de análisis factorial  exploratorio y confirmatorio. Adicionalmente, para medir la validez de criterio concurrente se utilizaron análisis de correlación entre dominios de las escalas EORTC QLQC-30 y FACIT-G. Para evaluar la confiabilidad se efectuaron análisis de consistencia interna (se usaron coeficientes Alfa de Cronbach, Omega de McDonald y GLB), así como análisis de medidas repetidas (confiabilidad test-retest).

Resultados: En el estudio se incluyó un total de 486 pacientes ubicados en el Instituto Nacional de Cancerología en Colombia. Tanto el modelo estándar de 14 dominios como una solución empírica con cinco dominios (Físico, Psicológico, Debilidad, Socioeconómico y Puntaje Global) demostraron tener una adecuada representatividad del constructo. La correlación entre dominios del EORTC QLQC-30 y del FACT-G mostró valores bajos en el dominio relacionado con funcionamiento social. La correlación entre medidas repetidas tuvo valores de correlación-concordancia entre 0,51 y 0,8; los límites de acuerdo de Bland y Altman estuvieron entre -38 y 43 alrededor de un valor esperado de cero. Los valores de Alfa de Cronbach, GLB y Omega de McDonald tuvieron valores de 0,94 – 0,96 y 0,93 respectivamente.

Conclusión: La escala EORTC QLQC-30 es un instrumento válido y confiable para medir calidad de vida en pacientes con cáncer en Colombia.

Palabras clave: Calidad de vida. Neoplasia. Estudios de Validación. Confiabilidad. Validez.
Pancreatitis aguda en carcinoma de célula pequeña de pulmón (CPCP) resulta con quimioterapia
Authors: Cruz-Castellanos Patricia , Gutiérrez Laura , Sánchez-Cabrero Darío , De Castro Francisco J
Published: September 2020

El carcinoma de célula pequeña (CPCP) o microcítico de pulmón es un subtipo de cáncer de pulmón que típicamente se ha asociado al tabaquismo y que se caracteriza por su agresividad y mal pronóstico a corto plazo. Como entidad, puede metastatizar en cualquier órgano, siendo las metástasis pancreáticas raras y la mayoría de las veces asintomáticas. Por ello, la presencia de una pancreatitis neoplásica, como en el caso presentado, es excepcional, y aún más cuando presenta refractariedad al tratamiento médico convencional y responde al tratamiento citotóxico sistémico. Por todo ello, se expone esta experiencia clínica y se debate la presencia de esta rara entidad y su manejo.