bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Tuberculosis mamaria en paciente inmunocompetente
Authors: Contreras-Camarena Carlos Walter , Cabanillas-Lapa José Luis , Lazo-Manrique Alfonzo Miguel
Published: April 2020

La tuberculosis mamaria, enfermedad descrita como rara, se presenta con relativa frecuencia en nuestro medio. En el Perú, representa el 2-2,9% del total de tuberculosis extrapulmonares, la mayoría de los casos se presenta en mujeres jóvenes entre 20-40 años con diversos grados de inmunosupresión. Frecuentemente el diagnóstico se confunde con neoplasia, absceso de mama o mastopatía fibroquística debido a la inespecificidad del cuadro clínico y de los estudios de imágenes.
Abscesos hepáticos múltiples y endocarditis infecciosa causada por Streptococcus intermedius tras infección dentaria
Authors: Gudiño-Aguirre Diego José , Padilla-Salazar María Luz , Castaño-Pérez Sara , Ramos-López María , Hernández-Castellano Sara
Published: April 2020

Streptococcus intermedius se ha relacionado con abscesos hepáticos en el contexto de infecciones dentarias, tumores intestinales y colorrectales. La endocarditis causada por este microorganismo es una complicación muy rara. Presentamos el caso de un varón de 60 años que acudió a Urgencias por fiebre y dolor abdominal de 1 semana de evolución. Se realizó TC abdominal que objetivó lesiones hepáticas sugestivas de metástasis y en hemocultivos se aisló Streptococcus intermedius. Se realizó estudio ecocardiográfico y el paciente fue diagnosticado de endocarditis
PENGARUH AKUNTABILITAS,DAN SISTEM PENGUKURAN KINERJA TERHADAP KINERJA ORGANISASI
Authors: Pardede Christina , Mashuri Ayunita Ajengtiyas Saputri
Published: April 2020

Dilakukan di iperguruan tinggi Jakarta Selatan. Sampel dalam penelitian ini berjumlah 18 terdaftar di Kemendistrik terdapat wilayah Jakarta Selatan yang dipilih dengan menggunakan metode kuantitatif primer yaitu pengambilan sampling dilakukan dari 13 Mei sampai i27 iJuni 2019. Data akhir yang dihasilkan adalah sebanyak 44 sampel yang siap di analisis dan diuji dengan menggunakan Partial Least Square (PLS). Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa (1) Pengaruh akuntabilitas berpengaruh secara signifikan terhadap Kinerja Organisasi, (2) Pengaruh proses penilaian kapasitas tidak berpengaruh isecara signifikan terhadap Kinerja Organisasi.
DETERMINAN FAKTOR- FAKTOR YANG MEMPENGARUHI MINAT WAJIB PAJAK DALAM PENGGUNAAN E-FILING
Authors: Putra Wirmie Eka , Mirdah Andi , Siregar Perdi Y
Published: April 2020

This study aims to determine the effect of perceived usefulness, perceived ease, perceived security and confidentiality on the interest of taxpayers in the use of e-filing at KPP Pratama Telanaipura, Jambi City partially and simultaneously. The variable used in this study is the dependent variable namely the interest of taxpayers in the use of e-filing while the independent variables are perceptions of usability, perceived ease, perception of security and confidentiality. The respondents are taxpayers of individuals who have used e-filing and have not used e-filing at KPP Pratama Telanaipura, Jambi City. Research This uses multiple linear regression analysis with a sample of  98 respondent. The results show that: (1) the perception of usability influences the interest of taxpayers in the use of e-filing, (2) the perception of convenience influences the interest of taxpayers in the use of e-filing, (3) perceptions of security and confidentiality influence taxpayer interest in use e-filing (4) perceptions of usability, perceived ease, perception of security and confidentiality together influence the interest of taxpayers in the use of e-filing.
PENGARUH PENERAPAN IFRS TERHADAP KONSERVATISME PELAPORAN KEUANGAN
Authors: Damayanti Ayu , Gusfianura Adisty , Azizah Siti Hasna Nur , Rifida Lutfi , Prawira Ida Farida Adi
Published: April 2020

Tujuan dari literatur review ini adalah untuk mengukur pengaruh penerapan IFRS terhadap pelaporan keuangan konservatif. Dalam melakukan penulisan jurnal ini penulis menggunakan metode literatur review. Yaitu dengan cara mengumpulkan berbagai data pustaka berupa jurnal, buku dan dokumen-dokumen yang berhubungan dengan tema yang di teliti. Penulis telah memilih durasi periode review literatur dalam kurun waktu 10 tahun, dimulai dari tahun 2009 sampai 2019. Hasil penelitian yang diperoleh dengan menganalisis beberapa artikel mengenai pengaruh penerapan IFRS terhadap pelaporan keuangan konservatif yaitu penerapan IFRS di beberapa negara meningkatkan konservatisme akuntansi kondisional dan di sebagian negara menurunkan tingkat konservatisme akuntansi kondisional.
PENGARUH GOOD GOVERNANCE DAN LATAR BELAKANG PROFESI KEPALA DAERAH TERHADAP KUALITAS LAPORAN KEUANGAN DAN KINERJA PEMERINTAH DAERAH
Authors: Agung Mochammad Faishal , Mulyani Sri
Published: April 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh good governance dan latar belakang profesi kepala daerah terhadap kualitas laporan keuangan dan kinerja pemerintah daerah. Variabel independen terdiri dari good governance dan latar belakang profesi kepala daerah, dan variabel dependen yang terdiri dari kualitas laporan keuangan dan kinerja pemerintah daerah. Sampel yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini yaitu 6 Kabupaten/kota di Provinsi Jawa Barat tahun 2018. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kuantitatif dengan uji hipotesis menggunakan metode analisis regresi linier berganda. Data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah data primer yang diperoleh melalui kuesioner dan data sekunder berupa laporan. Hasil dalam penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa good governance memiliki pengaruh yang positif dan signifikan terhadap kualitas laporan keuangan, tetapi tidak signifikan terhadap kinerja pemerintah daerah. Untuk latar belakang profesi kepala daerah tidak memiliki pengaruh signifikan terhadap kualitas laporan keuangan maupun kinerja pemerintah daerah. Sedangkan untuk uji simultan good governance dan latar belakang profesi kepala daerah  tidak memiliki pengaruh terhadap kualitas laporan keuangan dan kinerja pemerintah daerah
Pengembangan Sistem Informasi Laboratorium Teknik Informatika dan Penentuan Pengadaan Bahan Habis Pakai Praktikum Menggunakan Algoritma C4.5
Authors: Suardinata I Wayan , Adi Prasetyo Junaedi
Published: April 2020

Laboratorium Teknik Informatika Politeknik Negeri Banyuwangi bertugas untuk menyediakan sarana dan prasarana untuk mendukung pendidikan vokasi untuk mencetak tenaga terampil yang mampu bersaing di dunia kerja saat ini melalui kegiatan praktikum di laboratorium. Pengelola laboratorium mengalami kesulitan dalam mengelola, melaporkan dan mengambil kebijakan karena sedikitnya informasi tentang keadaan inventaris laboratorium baik peralatan maupun bahan habis pakai. Kesulitan juga dialami ketika menentukan pengajuan bahan habis pakai laboratorium pada setiap tahunnya, seringkali terjadi perbaikan berulang kali terhadap pengajuan bahkan pernah terjadi gagal pengadaan pada tahun tertentu. Hal ini disebabkan oleh proses inventarisasi serta pelayanan alat dan bahan habis pakai yang masih menggunakan formulir tertulis dan program spreadsheet seperti Microsoft Excel. Algoritma C4.5 merupakan algoritma dengan menggunakan pohon keputusan. Semakin banyak data yang digunakan sebagai bahan pembelajaran sistem, semakin tinggi tingkat akurasi kinerja algoritma ini. Hasil implementasi sistem informasi laboratorium menunjukkan bahwa sistem informasi berbasis web ini sudah mampu melayani kebutuhan peminjaman, pengembalian, pengelolaan dan pelaporan data inventaris laboratorium. Sedangkan implementasi algoritma C4.5 dalam menentukan kelayakan pengajuan pengadaan bahan habis pakai laboratorium menunjukkan tingkat akurasi sebesar 89.47%.
Rancang Bangun Alat Pemberi Pakan Ikan Gurami Otomatis Dengan Memanfaatkan Gerak Rotasi
Authors: Alfianto Enggar , Cahyo T A Budi , JIFTI Aminatus Sa’diyah
Published: April 2020

Budidaya ikan gurame merupakan salah satu pencaharian yang menguntungkan bagi pembudidaya ikan.  Agar pertumbuhan ikan tetap maksimal, perlu dilakukan pemberian pakan secara teratur dengan jumlah pakan yang pas dan disebarkan secara merata. Permasalahan biasanya timbul ketika pemilik lupa atau bepergian ke luar kota, sehingga tidak dapat memberi pakan secara rutin. Dalam penelitian ini digunakan alat pemberi pakan ikan secara otomatis berbasis arduino, dimana untuk menyebarkan pakan digunakan model rotasi yang memanfaatkan kecepatan sudut putaran motor. Selain itu alat didisain dapat bekerja secara otomatis sesuai dengan jadwal yang ditentukan dan disebarkan secara merata serta dengan jumlah yang pas. Modul RTC adalah komponen yang  digunakan untuk menentukan waktu pemberian pakan ikan, motor servo digunakan untuk menentukan jumlah pakan yang diberikan, motor dc untuk menyebarkan pakan dan arduino uno sebagai pengendalinya. Hasil pengujian menunjukan alat yang dibuat mampu memberikan pakan secara otomatis sesuai jadwal dengan jumlah pakan yang dikeluarkan hingga 36 gram tiap detik dan jarak rata-rata sebaran pakan mencapai 162 cm dengan standar deviasi ± 131 cm.
Sistem Informasi Ruang Baca Fakultas Sains & Teknologi Universitas Ottow Geissler Papua
Authors: Y Wattimena Fegie , Tamalonggehe Smart , Sedubun Marson
Published: April 2020

Sistem Informasi Ruang Baca Fakultas Sains & Teknologi Universitas Ottow Geissler Papua dirancang dan diimplementasikan berbasis web dengan tujuan untuk mempermudah para pembaca secara umum, Mahasiswa dan Dosen Fakultas Sains dan Teknologi Universitas Ottow Geissler (FST UOGP) secara khusus dalam mencari referensi atau literature review untuk penelitian, pengabdian masyarakat dan membuat tugas-tugas kuliah, juga menyimpan hasil-hasil penelitian Mahasiswa dan Dosen. Sistem Informasi Ruang Baca FST UOGP ini mengolah sumber-sumber bacaan yang terdiri dari skripsi, disertasi, laporan kerja praktek, laporan penelitian, laporan pengabdian masyarakat, jurnal, prosiding, buku-buku, dan jenis bacaan lainnya. Sistem ini menampilkan laporan dan grafik jumlah koleksi bacaan semua program studi, juga masing-masing program studi. Metode pengembangan sistem yang digunakan adalah metode SDLC (System Development Life Cycle). Sedangkan metode pendekatan sistem menggunakan sistem pendekatan terstruktur yang terdiri dari Flow Map dan Data Flow Diagram (DFD). Bahasa pemrograman menggunakan PHP dan database MySQL.
Canadian Paramedic Experience with Intramuscular Ketamine for Extreme Agitation: A Quality Improvement Initiative
Authors: Helmer Jennie , Acker Joe , Deakin Jon , Johnston Tania
Published: April 2020

Background

There are no published reports in Canada examining paramedic use of ketamine for highly agitated patients or excited delirium syndrome. We employed a Plan, Do, Study, Act (PDSA) quality improvement approach to evaluate the safety and effectiveness of advanced care paramedic administered intramuscular (IM) ketamine for patients with extreme agitation in the out-of-hospital setting.

Methods

Data were prospectively collected from July 2018 to January 2019 when advanced care paramedics with specific training administered IM ketamine as an alternative to midazolam. Paramedics used a clinical audit form to document the ketamine dose, patient response on the Richmond Agitation Sedation Scale (RASS) at time intervals, adverse effects, and any airway management interventions they performed.

Results

Thirty-three patients received either 4 mg/kg or 5 mg/kg of ketamine. Combining data for both doses, the median change in RASS score at 5 minutes post-ketamine was 3 (range 0 to 8) and statistically significant for each dose. There were seven cases (21%) with reported adverse effects including SpO2 <90% (3/7), hypersalivation (3/7), trismus or teeth grinding (2/7), muscular rigidity (1/7) and laryngospasm (1/7). Statistical analysis confirmed that the incidence of adverse events was not dose dependent. Basic airway management was performed in one-third of all cases.

Conclusion

We piloted the implementation of ketamine for sedation in our paramedic system by employing a PDSA cycle. Ketamine 5 mg/kg IM provided effective control of acutely agitated patients with adequate sedation at 5 minutes post-delivery. Any adverse events that occurred as a result of IM ketamine were readily managed with basic airway management interventions.
Dynamics of Clan Based Conflicts in Wajir County, Kenya
Authors: Karienye David , Warfa Prof Osman
Published: April 2020

Clannism is one of the key drivers of violent attacks in Northern Kenya. The causes of the persistent clan-based conflicts in Northern Kenya are not well known and ascertained. The rising incidents of violent attacks which clan-based conflict can be partially blamed, which this study attempted to explore. This underpins the need to conduct research in order to explore the drivers of clan-based conflict in Wajir county. The specific objective of the study was to assess the drivers of inter-clan and intra-clan-based conflicts in Wajir county, Kenya. The study adopted an exploratory research design. The study involved qualitative approach of data collection. The target population comprised of clan elders (Degodia, Ogaden and Ajuran), security agents, religious leaders and civil society organizations. A total of 31 respondents were interviewed who were selected using purposive and snowball approach. Interview guides were administered to the various respondents. The information obtained in the study was thematically analyzed according to the research questions. The study found that some of the key drivers of clan conflict in Wajir County include political influence, constituency boundaries, unequal sharing of county resources and competition over water and pasture. Findings from this study will be published to aid in disseminating information on the best ways to mitigate the clan-based conflict.
Existence of Customary Law through Comparative Education between Dayak Ngaju Customary Law and National Law
Authors: Pratiwi Putri Fransiska Purnama , Suprayitno Suprayitno , Triyani Triyani
Published: April 2020

Resolving acts of adultery as the consequence of woman seducing a married man that sometime may lead to out of wedlock pregnany will not be sufficient to only be pursued through national legal channels in the point of view of the Dayak Ngaju tribe. National law regulates sanctions for adulterers/spouse poachers but does not consider the interests of legitimate wives who become the victims. This study aimed to educate the Dayak Ngaju tribe to have better knowledge regarding the local customary law and as a refinement material for the National Criminal Law.The research method used in this study was empirical research method conducted through interviews with damang and mantir adat in Palangka Raya City. The Dayak Ngaju Customary Law has distinct classification of adulterers. Therefore, all forms of actions committed by women who seduce other women's husbands are prohibited in Ngaju Dayak Customary Law. This is reinforced by different customary sanctions in each classification.The National Law has regulated the regulation regarding of homewreckers (husband poachers) in the latest Criminal Code Bill but does not formally regulate psychological recovery for wives who are the victims of infidelity.
Effect of Work Safety and Work Healthy Towards Employee's Productivity in PT. Sisirau Aceh Tamiang
Authors: Mora Zulkarnen , Suharyanto Agung , Yahya M.
Published: April 2020

This study aims to determine the effect of work safety and work healthy on employee productivity in the production department at PT. Sisirau Aceh Tamiang. This research is a type of quantitative research with a sample of 45 people. The data analysis method used is multiple linear regression analysis. Hypothesis testing is done through t test, F test, and the coefficient of determination (R2). Regression equation results obtained Y = 2.255 + 0.314X1 + 0.811X2 means that the constant value of 2.255 is the value of employee productivity before being influenced by work safety and  health. The work safety regression coefficient is 0.314 and is positive, meaning that if work safety is increased the employee's work productivity will increase by 0.314 with a tcount> ttable (2.333> 1.68195) and significant (0.025 <0.05). The work health regression coefficient is 0.118 and is positive, meaning that if work health is improved the employee's work productivity will increase by 0.811 with a tcount> ttable (8.063> 1.68195) and significant (0.000 <0.05). The coefficient of determination (R2) of 0.614 or 61.4%, which means the work safety and health variables influence the work productivity of employees by 61.4% and the remaining 39.6% is influenced by other variables not examined in this study.
Effectiveness of Value Clarification Technique (VCT) in Learning History to Increase the Value Nationalism, Democracy, and Multiculturalism
Authors: Yudiana I Kadek
Published: April 2020

Leaving the XX century and entering the XXI century, the development of society was marked by the emergence of a new form of society, the information society The objective conditions faced by the Indonesian people today are severe conditions that can be seen in various dimensions of the problem, from the limited issue of public guarantees, low human quality, conflicts and violence that have emerged, to the government's low credibility.The spirit of nationalism or nationalism must be nurtured and developed to be relevant to today's challenges. Related to the concept of nationalism, Democracy education needs to be implemented because the nation's democratization process is very dependent on education. A democratic state of education constraints choice among good lives not only out of necessity but out of concern for civic virtue. Multicultural education is in line with the development of democracy. For Indonesia which is multi-ethnic, education that enhances multicultural spirit is an urgent need. Learning history has important relevance related to the formation of national character. Based on learning style tests, students are grouped in the categories of visual students and auditory students. For the experimental class the visual students were 42 people, and the auditory students were 45 people. In the control class, there were 26 visual students, and 21 auditory students. Based on data from previous research results obtained ¬ score learning outcomes for the visual experimental class and auditory experimental class. where for the visual experimental class the average value of the posttest and pretest was 151.12 and 140.56, while for the average posttest and pretest the auditory experimental group was 151.89 and 140.18. person.
Uso de historias ilustradas basadas en inteligencias múltiples con estudiantes universitarios
Authors: Gordillo Obregón Gilma Alexandra , Obregón Mayorga Ángel Paul , Logroño Becerra Mónica Alejandra , Heredia Arboleda Edgar Eduardo
Published: April 2020

El objetivo principal de desarrollar este artículo de investigación es dar a conocer el uso real y didáctico de los cuentos ilustrados como un instrumento didáctico en las aulas de Educación Universitaria, siguiendo una manera y una idea fácil, adecuada y creativa para aprender inglés que podría usar cualquier contenido en el proceso de aprendizaje del inglés. El uso de cuentos con ilustraciones en un aula de clase universitaria de inglés favorecerá a todas las personas que están en ella para crear una atmósfera correcta para el desenvolvimiento de la motivación, el pensamiento crítico propositivo y del aprendizaje significativo en los estudiantes universitarios de la Espoch. Es así por este fundamento que, los cuentos ilustrados pueden considerarse como una forma creativa de conectar el aprendizaje del alumno con la sociedad y con su vida real. A lo largo de este artículo, descubriremos las características imperativas y que pueden ocurrir en el proceso de aprendizaje del idioma inglés. Investigamos los beneficios del uso de cuentos ilustrados en el aprendizaje de estudiantes universitarios que se pueden resolver trabajando con inteligencias múltiples (MI), con cuentos artísticos ilustrados para la enseñanza del idioma inglés como una fuente didáctica dentro y fuera del aula, los que ellos fomentarán la motivación, el interés y el control en los estudiantes. Para resolverlo, se aplicó un cuento ilustrado en una clase de horas de enseñanza de inglés en el nivel de educación universitaria para tomar todos los datos importantes que se investigarán y evaluarán en este artículo de investigación con el importante trabajo y la ayuda de los estudiantes de la Escuela Superior Politécnica de Chimborazo en la Carrera de Recursos Naturales Renovables del cuarto semestre durante un día de clase de asignatura de inglés II en Tunshi- Ecuador para mostrar la importancia real de los cuentos ilustrados para mejorar el aprendizaje de estudiantes universitarios.
Nefrologia Interventistica: una disciplina in evoluzione. L’esperienza di due centri italiani a confronto
Authors: Jovane Carlo , Dominijanni Sara , Costantini Emidio , Campanati Barbara , Logaldo Davide , Centi Alessia , Londrino Francesco , Tatangelo Paola , Bevilacqua Monica , Palumbo Roberto , Castiglioni Alessandro
Published: April 2020

We describe the multidisciplinary work of nephrological realities belonging to two different Regional Health Systems, Lombardia and Lazio. The interventional nephrologist is a specialist in nephrology with ultra-specialist know-how for vascular access for dialysis. He is the coordinator of a team of vascular accesses and applies a team work with the other interventional nephrologists, with the vascular surgeon and the interventional radiologist, with whom he decides the diagnostic-therapeutic procedure to perform the best possible vascular access for that individual patient.
Umanizzazione delle cure: innovazione e modello assistenziale
Authors: Burrai Francesco , Micheluzzi Valentina , Apuzzo Luigi
Published: April 2020

The contemporary social context shows a profound need to bring healthcare back to a meeting between the technical-organizational needs of the system and the needs for global understanding of the patient. The passage from the “patient” vision to a “person” perspective is the radical request for paradigmatic and operational change to be implemented to respond to new needs, trends and socio-cultural changes. Recent literature shows that the Newtonian-Cartesian reduction of the human being to biomachine, which still resists the culture and unconscious of many health professionals, is no longer justified from a scientific point of view. The conceptual model, the framework of the most advanced sciences is the holistic one. This model lays the foundations for a better understanding of the functioning of the human being and consequently for a new epistemological and anthropological vision, that of the bio-psycho-socio-cultural network, where interaction with the environmental context influences the feedback of this system. It seems fundamental to start a structured path of synergy between the humanization of care and its gradual implementation, for the improvement of the quality of life of nephrological patients and for a new clinical-assistance background for the health workers who work daily in nephrology, dialysis and transplantation.
Hearing Outcome According to the Intratympanic Steroid Injection Starting Timing in Combined Intratympanic and Oral Steroid Treatment for Idiopathic Sudden Sensorineural Hearing Loss
Authors: Lee Hyun Min , Park Da Hee , Kim Dong Jo , Choi Sung Won , Oh Se Joon , Kong Soo Keun , Lee Il Woo
Published: April 2020

Background and Objectives The combined intratympanic and oral steroid treatment has been accepted as effective treatment strategy for idiopathic sudden sensorineural hearing loss (ISSNHL). However, the treatment protocol of combined treatment for ISSNHL has not been established. In this study, we investigated whether hearing outcome differed according to different starting timing of intratympanic steroid injection (ITSI) in combined treatment for ISSNHL.Subjects and Method Tertiary academic referral center-based retrospective medical records of idiopathic 144 ISSNHL patients who received combined treatment from January 2015 to April 2018 were reviewed. All patients underwent a 2-week oral systemic steroid treatment and multiple ITSI. The hearing results of 3 months after treatment were compared according to the timing of ITSI.Results The mean pure tone audiogram gain was 24.3±23.6 dB. When Siegel’s criteria was applied, the overall rate of hearing improvement was 63.9% (92/144). The rate of hearing improvement was significantly higher in women (p=0.043) statistically, and there was a statistically significant lower rate of recovery in the former history of hearing loss (p＜0.01) or otitis media (p＜0.01). Moreover, the shorter the delay between symptom onset and initial ITSI, greater the statistical significance of hearing recovery rate became (p＜0.01).Conclusion The result of this study suggests that early ITSI during combined intratympanic and oral steroid treatment increases the chance of hearing recovery.
Clinical Characteristics of Neck Stab Wounds: A Single-Institute Retrospective Study of 89 Patients
Authors: Lee Yun Ji , Kim Hyo Jun , Kang Hyun Tag , Lee Seung Won , Park Ki Nam
Published: April 2020

Background and Objectives Neck stab wounds should be managed properly as they can result in life-threatening complications and death. However, guns are prohibited in South Korea and many previous studies conducted in other countries are thus inapplicable. Also, most of the existing case reports deal mostly with profound neck injury and might lead to misunderstanding regarding the severity of injuries when considering neck stab wounds. This study analyzed the clinical characteristics of neck stab wounds according to the cause of trauma.Subjects and Method A total of 89 patients with neck stab wounds who visited the emergency room between January 2005 and June 2017 were enrolled. Medical records and radiological findings were reviewed retrospectively. The patients were divided into two groups according to the cause of trauma (suicide attempt or assault by another person). A comparative analysis of the two groups was conducted.Results The patients consisted of 41 cases of (46.1%) attempted suicides and 26 cases of (29.2%) psychiatric disorders. Of these, more than half had superficial wounds above the platysma, and multiple anatomical lacerations were found in 40 cases (45%). Psychiatric diagnoses were identified only in the attempted-suicide group (p<0.001), and injuries to the posterior neck triangle were observed only in the assault-by-another-person group (p=0.029). There were 11 cases (12.4%) of profound injury, but there was no significant difference between the two groups. One patient with injury by another person died due to the cutting of the common carotid artery.Conclusion Superficial injuries were more common while profound injuries were relatively uncommon in this study. However, physicians should pay attention to proper evaluation and management comprehensively in cases of neck stab wounds.
Threshold Mismatches between Pure-Tone Audiometry and Auditory Steady State Response in Non-Auditory Neuropathy Adults
Authors: Noh Heil , Lee Hyesook
Published: April 2020

Background and Objectives To evaluate mismatches between pure-tone audiometry (PTA) and auditory steady-state response (ASSR) tests in non-auditory neuropathy adults and investigate brain lesions that may explain the mismatches, especially in cases where the ASSR threshold was worse than the estimated PTA threshold.Subjects and Method PTA, speech audiometry, auditory brainstem response, ASSR, and neuroimaging tests were carried out on individuals selected. Among them, medical records of 30 subjects (16 males, 14 females; mean age=54.4±13.2 years) with significant mismatches between PTA and estimated ASSR thresholds were analyzed retrospectively. All neuroimaging tests were reviewed to identify any neurologic abnormalities.Results Pathologic brain lesions were found in 19 cases (63.3%) in the study group, all of which showed significant mismatch in hearing threshold between PTA and ASSR. Seven case of ischemic brain lesions (23.3%), five tumorous lesions (16.6%), and four brain vessel anomalies (13.3%) were found. Brain hemorrhage due to trauma were found in two cases (6.6%) as well as one case (3.3%) of unruptured aneurysm. Central auditory pathway disorder was suspected in two cases. The 11 cases showing normal results in the imaging studies included one mental retardation, one brain concussion, and seven cases (23.3%) with no specific causes. Six tinnitus cases included two subjects showing discrepancies between frequency matching in the tinnitogram.Conclusion In adults with a mismatch between PTA thresholds and estimated ASSR thresholds, especially for those with moderate to profound hearing loss, additional neuroimaging tests and other audiologic tests may reveal other possible causes of hearing loss.
The Effect of Diabetes Mellitus on the Ventricular Epicardial Activation and Repolarization in Mice
Authors: VAYKSHNORAYTE M. A. , OVECHKIN A. O. , AZAROV J. E.
Published: April 2020

Cardiac repolarization is prolonged in diabetes mellitus (DM), however the distribution of repolarization durations in diabetic hearts is unknown. We estimated the ventricular repolarization pattern and its relation to the ECG phenomena in diabetic mice. Potential mapping was performed on the anterior ventricular surface in healthy (n=18) and alloxan-induced diabetic (n=12) mice with the 64-electrode array. Activation times, end of repolarization times, and activation-recovery intervals (ARIs) were recorded along with limb lead ECGs. ARIs were shorter in the left as compared to right ventricular leads (P<0.05). The global dispersion of repolarization, interventricular and apicobasal repolarization gradients were greater in DM than in healthy animals (P<0.03). The increased dispersion of repolarization and apicobasal repolarization gradient in DM correlated with the prolonged QTc and Tpeak-Tend intervals, respectively. The increased ventricular repolarization heterogeneity corresponded to the electrocardiographic markers was demonstrated in DM.
Bone Mineral Density and Body Composition in Men With Multiple Sclerosis Chronically Treated With Low-Dose Glucocorticoids
Authors: ZIKÁN V. , TÝBLOVÁ M. , RAŠKA JR. I. , HAVRDOVÁ E. , LUCHAVOVÁ M. , MICHALSKÁ D. , KUBĚNA A. A.
Published: April 2020

The aim of the study was to compare the bone mineral density (BMD) and body composition between ambulatory male MS patients and control subjects and to evaluate the relationships among body composition, motor disability, glucocorticoids (GC) use, and bone health. Body composition and BMD were measured by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry in 104 ambulatory men with MS (mean age: 45.2 years) chronically treated with low-dose GC and in 54 healthy age-matched men. Compared to age-matched controls, MS patients had a significantly lower total body bone mineral content (TBBMC) and BMD at all measured sites except for the radius. Sixty five male MS patients (62.5 %) met the criteria for osteopenia and twenty six of them (25 %) for osteoporosis. The multivariate analysis showed a consistent dependence of bone measures (except whole body BMD) on BMI. The total leg lean mass % was as an independent predictor of TBBMC. The Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS), cumulative GC dose and age were independent determinants for BMD of the proximal femur. We conclude that decreasing mobility in male MS patients is associated with an increasing degree of osteoporosis and muscle wasting in the lower extremities. The chronic low-dose GC treatment further contributes to bone loss.
Metabolism of Dehydroepiandrosterone Sulfate and Estrone-Sulfate by Human Platelets
Authors: GARRIDO A. , MUÑOZ Y. , SIERRALTA W. , VALLADARES L.
Published: April 2020

The aim of the present research was to study the uptake of DHEAS, and to establish the intracrine capacity of human platelets to produce sex steroid hormones. The DHEAS transport was evaluated through the uptake of [3H]-DHEAS in the presence or absence of different substrates through the organic anion transporting polypeptide (OATP) family. The activity of sulfatase enzyme was evaluated, and the metabolism of DHEAS was measured by the conversion of [3H]-DHEAS to [3H]-androstenedione, [3H]-testosterone, [3H]-estrone and [3H]-17β-estradiol. Results indicated the existence in the plasma membrane of an OATP with high affinity for DHEAS and estrone sulphate (E1S). The platelets showed the capacity to convert DHEAS to active DHEA by the steroid-sulfatase activity. The cells resulted to be a potential site for androgens production, since they have the capacity to produce androstenedione and testosterone; in addition, they reduced [3H]-estrone to [3H]-17β-estradiol. This is the first demonstration that human platelets are able to import DHEAS and E1S using the OATP family and to convert DHEAS to active DHEA, and to transform E1S to 17β-estradiol.
Value Added Tax and Fiscal Federalism in Ethiopia
Authors: Yesegat Wollela Abehodie , Krever Richard
Published: April 2020

Crucial to the success of any federal state is the fiscal viability of the central government and component federal states. A feature common to most federal systems is the collection of greater revenues by the central government and reliance by states on transfers from the central government in addition to locally imposed taxes to fund budget expenditures. As is the case in many other federal jurisdictions, in Ethiopia the value added tax (VAT), a tax levied on business sales but ultimately borne by consumers, is an important source of central government revenue. As is also the case in many federal jurisdictions, an assignment of a portion of central government VAT revenues to states is one of the main sources of transfer payments by the central government to state governments in Ethiopia. However, the Ethiopian version of fiscal federalism differs significantly from that found in most other jurisdictions in three key design features – the division between the central and state governments of responsibilities to administer the VAT, the basis on which VAT revenues are divided between the central government and the state governments, and a peculiar design feature that results in tax collections by one state government to be offset by tax reductions suffered by another state government.

All three features are cause for concern. The division of administrative responsibility undermines the goal of comprehensive uniform tax administration. The basis for division of tax revenues, a distinction built on the legal form of businesses, leads to assignments of VAT revenue unrelated to fiscal needs. And, most importantly, the odd design feature – the assignment of revenues from the VAT, intended to be a tax on consumers, to the state in which the seller is located rather than the state of the buyer – results in effective cross subsidies when businesses located in wealthier states sell goods and services to businesses operating in poorer states.

This article provides a history of the Ethiopian regime and explores how the unique features of the Ethiopian fiscal federalism system arose. It suggests a system that divides revenue on the basis of a fiscal equalisation formula that divides VAT revenues on the basis of relative budget needs of states or a system that allocates revenue to the state in which the customer is located would yield a fairer outcome than the current system.

It concludes with modernisation of the tax administration coupled with the adoption of a fiscal equalisation formula for distributing VAT revenues and a generous transitional system for transition to this regime would yield the optimal path going forward.
Kenya's Experience with Special Economic Zones: Legal and Policy Imperatives
Authors: Laryea Emmanuel , Ndonga Dennis , Nyamori Bosire
Published: April 2020

In 2015, Kenya adopted a Special Economic Zone (SEZ) policy as one of its major economic growth and development pillars aimed at attracting investments to the country's manufacturing sector. However, the current SEZ scheme is not the first of such schemes adopted by Kenya – it is the latest in a string of schemes adopted in the last five decades. As the earlier schemes were mostly unsuccessful, the question is why would this new SEZ scheme succeed? This article examines Kenya's experience with SEZ. It assesses the scheme's legal and institutional framework, offers a critique of the scheme and makes some recommendations.
Sybil: Spider at PALE FIRE's Web of Sense Archetype, Alchemy, & Allegory: The Jungian Substrate of Nabokov’s PALE FIRE. Part II
Authors: Ross Mary
Published: April 2020

With both his vaunted persona (Shade) and his vile shadow (Gradus) dead, Kinbote cries, “God will help me, I trust, to rid myself of any desire to follow the example of the two other characters in this work. I shall continue to exist.” However, now, more than ever, it seems Kinbote is threatened by an even greater repressed unconscious, a “bigger, more respectable, more competent Gradus.” If Kinbote indeed suicides hors texte, as Nabokov claimed “he certainly did,” that would indicate, on the archetypal antithetic level, an “ego-death” of transcendence and transformation, that is, Jungian individuation. Has he, in death, managed to avoid this conflict? Who is this great looming shadow? The missing piece, the “masterpiece” for individuation is the contrasexual archetype, the anima. I suggest this is none other than Charles Kinbote’s most formidable antagonist, Sybil Shade, the spider at the center of Pale Fire’s “web of sense.”
Diagnosis in Tennis Serving Technique
Authors: Roanes-Lozano Eugenio , Casella Eduardo A. , Sánchez Fernando , Hernando Antonio
Published: April 2020

Tennis is a sport with a very complex technique. Amateur tennis players have trainers and/or coaches, but are not usually accompanied by them to championships. Curiously, in this sport, the result of many matches can be changed by a small hint like ‘hit the ball a little higher when serving’. However, the biomechanical of a tennis stroke is only clear to an expert. We, therefore, developed a prototype of a rule-based expert system (RBES) aimed at an amateur competition player that is not accompanied by his/her coach to a championship and is not serving as usual (the RBES is so far restricted to serving). The player has to answer a set of questions about how he/she is serving that day and his/her usual serving technique and the RBES obtains a diagnosis using logic inference about the possible reasons (according of the logic rules that have been previously given to the RBES). A certain knowledge of the tennis terminology and technique is required from the player, but that is something known at this level. The underlying logic is Boolean and the inference engine is algebraic (it uses Groebner bases).
The Dynamics between State Control and Metropolitan Governance Capacity
Authors: Tolkki Helena , Haveri Arto
Published: April 2020

Due to the national importance of metropolitan areas, central governments seek to make them as attractive and competitive as possible. In many cases, this is done through state control over metropolitan areas and their governance arrangements. This article examines the relationship between state control and metropolitan governance capacity based on a comparative case study of four metropolitan areas: Auckland, Dublin, Montreal and Oslo. These areas represent different models of metropolitan governance, as well as different forms of state control. We studied state control by focusing on political and administrative decentralization: how independently can the metropolitan government make decisions and perform its tasks? The conclusion is that the different dimensions of decentralization are connected to capacity, but not straightforwardly. This study indicates that state involvement through different forms of control can increase metropolitan governance capacity, but only if it is combined with mandate and supportive policy actions.
Relations between Circular Economic “Principles” and Organic Food Purchasing Behavior in Hungary
Authors: Fogarassy Csaba , Nagy-Pércsi Kinga , Ajibade Sinazo , Gyuricza Csaba , Ymeri Prespa
Published: April 2020

Because of the climate change and emerging need for an environmentally sustainable production system, circular economic characteristics have come to the front in many studies. There are many challenges in this shift toward a circular value chain. Still, it is unquestionable that the analysis of consumers’ behaviour is crucial, because without their engagement, circular systems cannot work correctly. This article aimed to explore the circular characteristics of consumers’ attitude towards food purchasing in Hungary. Factor and cluster analyses were applied for market segmentation. The question to be answered was the following: “Are there any segments in the Hungarian food market that can be aimed at by different marketing tools to promote circular systems?” The hypothesis was that well-defined segments can be separated, garnering more engagement in the circular value chain in Hungary. We could separate two clusters, in which the members’ opinions were in line with the circular economic characteristics. Summing up the features of the different clusters, we can state that the members in cluster 1 (“Information-dependent”) and cluster 3 (“Direct purchasers”) were in the most local dimension; their attitude was the most adequate for the circular economic values. The “Information-dependent” consumer in particular was remarkable from the aspect of this investigation. This study showed that highly educated young people, who are very conscious consumers and live on good incomes, may be the target group for circular innovation. These young consumers usually buy organic food, are confident internet and software users, live in cities, and follow a healthy lifestyle. Finding the right marketing tools to integrate these consumers into more sustainable circular systems effectively and to be committed to the concepts of circular consumption is an essential mission in the future. Collecting from different databases and continuously analysing consumer feedback can be a huge step towards in achieving sustainable consumption and avoiding food waste. The significance of this analysis was that we found a defined segment that represents propensity towards accepting circular economy values and can be the target group of policies integrating circular systems.
An Overview of the Antioxidant Effects of Ascorbic Acid and Alpha Lipoic Acid (in Liposomal Forms) as Adjuvant in Cancer Treatment
Authors: Attia Mohamed , Essa Ebtessam Ahmed , Zaki Randa Mohammed , Elkordy Amal Ali
Published: April 2020

Antioxidants are known to minimize oxidative stress by interacting with free radicals produced as a result of cell aerobic reactions. Oxidative stress has long been linked to many diseases, especially tumours. Therefore, antioxidants play a crucial role in the prevention or management of free radical-related diseases. However, most of these antioxidants have anticancer effects only if taken in large doses. Others show inadequate bioavailability due to their instability in the blood or having a hydrophilic nature that limits their permeation through the cell membrane. Therefore, entrapping antioxidants in liposomes may overcome these drawbacks as liposomes have the capability to accommodate both hydrophilic and hydrophobic compounds with a considerable stability. Additionally, liposomes have the capability to accumulate at the cancer tissue passively, due to their small sizes, with enhanced drug delivery. Additionally, liposomes can be engineered with targeting moieties to increase the delivery of chemotherapeutic agents to specific tumour cells with decreased accumulation in healthy tissues. Therefore, combined use of liposomes and antioxidants, with or without chemotherapeutic agents, is an attractive strategy to combat varies tumours. This mini review focuses on the liposomal delivery of selected antioxidants, namely ascorbic acid (AA) and alpha-lipoic acid (ALA). The contribution of these nanocarriers in enhancing the antioxidant effect of AA and ALA and consequently their anticancer potentials will be demonstrated.
Oxidative Stress-Generating Antimicrobials, a Novel Strategy to Overcome Antibacterial Resistance
Authors: Mourenza Álvaro , Gil José A. , Mateos Luís M. , Letek Michal
Published: April 2020

Antimicrobial resistance is becoming one of the most important human health issues. Accordingly, the research focused on finding new antibiotherapeutic strategies is again becoming a priority for governments and major funding bodies. The development of treatments based on the generation of oxidative stress with the aim to disrupt the redox defenses of bacterial pathogens is an important strategy that has gained interest in recent years. This approach is allowing the identification of antimicrobials with repurposing potential that could be part of combinatorial chemotherapies designed to treat infections caused by recalcitrant bacterial pathogens. In addition, there have been important advances in the identification of novel plant and bacterial secondary metabolites that may generate oxidative stress as part of their antibacterial mechanism of action. Here, we revised the current status of this emerging field, focusing in particular on novel oxidative stress-generating compounds with the potential to treat infections caused by intracellular bacterial pathogens.
Performance of a Trickling-Bed Biocathode Microbial Electrochemical System Treating Domestic Wastewater and Functional Microbial Community Characteristics
Authors: Wang Haiman , Miao Zhuang , Chao Lei , Li Yafeng , Wang Guiqiang
Published: April 2020

Biocathode microbial electrochemical systems (MESs) that remove nitrogen compounds out of wastewater are of special interest for practice. High energy-input for aeration is one of the barriers that hinder their application on a wider scope. A trickling-bed biocathode MES (TB-MES) was developed by integrating biotrickling filters with a biocathode MES. By recirculating the catholyte and sprinkling it through a spray nozzle, the system was able to achieve a reoxygenation process, which could facilitate the creation of an aerobic and anoxic environment. At an optimal recirculation rate of 200 mL min−1, the TB-MES removed 87.2 ± 2.7% of ammonium nitrogen and 79.7 ± 2.5% of total nitrogen (TN), and simultaneously achieved a maximum power density of 3.8 ± 0.3 Wm−3. Comparable performances were achieved when treating domestic wastewater, which were 84.6 ± 2.4%, 70.1 ± 4.2%, and 3.2 ± 0.2 W m−3 for ammonium nitrogen removal, TN removal, and maximum power density. Pyrosequencing analysis revealed Nitrosomonas was more abundant in the upper portion of the carbon fiber brush biocathode (CFBup, 20.4%) and Azoarcus was more abundant in the lower portion (CFBbottom, 12.6%), which was probably caused by the difference in dissolved oxygen concentration in different parts of the biocathode. The TB-MES shows great promise for domestic wastewater treatment by employing biotrickling filters for oxygen supply in biocathode MES.