bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Partial anomalous systemic venous drainage, right superior vena cava to the left atrium in nonisomeric patient
Authors: Deraz Salem , Alzaabi Olfat , Ummerkhan Anshad , Hakeem Sidra Abdul , Elnady Hamza , Al Kamali Ahmed
Published: April 2024

The most encountered anomalous systemic venous drainage is a persistent left superior vena cava that drains into the right atrium through the coronary sinus. A much rarer anomalous systemic venous drainage is that of isolated anomalous drainage of a normally positioned right superior vena cava (RSVC) into the left atrium (LA). This has been reported in approximately 20 patients, with the diagnosis usually made by cardiac catheterization. We report the youngest case diagnosed at the age of 3 h after birth with hypoxemia resulting from anomalous drainage of a normal RSVC into the LA. This was diagnosed noninvasively by echocardiography and confirmed by cardiac computed tomography angiography.
The status of relationship between coping strategies and quality of life in women with polycystic ovary syndrome
Authors: Morshedi Tahereh , Salehi Mahdieh , Farzad Valiollah , Hassani Fariba , Shakibazadeh Elham
Published: April 2024

BACKGROUND:

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) has a profound effect on patients’ quality of lives; and it is important to identify the affecting factors. The aim of this study was to assess the status of and relationship between coping strategies and quality of life in women with PCOS.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:

In this cross-sectional study, we recruited 200 married women (20–50 years old) with PCOS from Arash and Bu Ali hospitals in Tehran in 2019–2020. Data were collected using the two following questionnaires: Coping strategies and quality of life. Data were analyzed using the regression analysis test in the SPSS-21.

RESULTS:

The results showed that 119 (59.5%) participants were identified with increased hirsutism, 166 (83%) women were obese, 140 (70%) had irregular menstruation and 136 participants (68%) had painful menstruation as the side effects of PCOS. Sixty nine (34.5%) individuals reported unknown side effects. There was a relationship between emotional coping strategy and problem solving coping strategy with quality of life (beta = 0.270 and 0.219, respectively).

CONCLUSION:

Patients with PCOS were more likely to use emotional coping strategies. Low quality of life exacerbated symptoms of the disease.
Social media exposure and mental health problems during coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic in Indonesia
Authors: Lugito Nata Pratama Hardjo , Damay Vika , Chyntya Henny , Sugianto Natasya
Published: April 2024

BACKGROUND:

Several preventive measures were used by governments around the world to suppress the transmission of SARS-CoV-2, including quarantine. During quarantine more people are at risk of developing mental health problems as social media exposure was increasing.

OBJECTIVES:

The objective is to investigate the impact of social media exposure during coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic on depression, anxiety, and stress.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:

A cross-sectional study was conducted between April and May 2020 during the large scale social restriction in Indonesia using online questionnaire Indonesian citizens over 18 years of age were invited to take part by answering online questionnaire through Google forms (http://bit.ly/duniamayaCOVID). Data gathered were demographic data, depression, anxiety, and stress that were assessed using Depression Anxiety Stress Scale-21, duration of social media usage, and social media platforms used during COVID-19 pandemic. Data was analysed using Pearson Chi-square and ANOVA. Statistically significant variables and additional risk factors was analyzed using multinomial logistic regression.

RESULTS:

The median age was 24 years (range 17–56 years), 121 (55,0%) samples were female. The three most frequent social media platforms used by participants were Instagram, WhatsApp, and YouTube. Female were more likely to suffer from mild-moderate depression compared to male (odds ratio [OR]: 2.344; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.105–4.972; P = 0.026) and more likely to suffer from severe-extremely severe anxiety (OR: 2.066; 95% CI: 1.019–4.187; P = 0.044). Social media exposure was associated with less likelihood to suffer from severe-extremely severe depression, mild-moderate, and severe-extremely severe anxiety, mild-moderate stress.

CONCLUSION:

Social media exposure was associated with less depression, anxiety, and stress in the COVID-19 pandemic era. Medical professionals and government officials could use social media to disseminate knowledge about COIVD-19 to bring positive psychological effect.
Comparison of self-, peer, and teachers’ evaluation about the clinical skills of nursing students at the department of psychiatry
Authors: Ghaljeh Mahnaz , Rezaee Nasrin , Arbabisarjou* Azizollah
Published: April 2024

BACKGROUND:

Evaluating clinical performance is a challenge in nursing education. On the other hand, a single evaluation method cannot be used to judge different areas of interpersonal skills. Therefore, this study was conducted to compare the evaluation of teachers', peer, and self-evaluation of nursing students in the psychiatric ward of Baharan Hospital affiliated to Zahedan University of Medical Sciences.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:

In this analytical cross-sectional study, forty trainee students were selected by a census method in a time period and they were evaluated by three methods including self-, peer, and teachers’ evaluation. Their clinical skills were assessed using a school-based clinical evaluation questionnaire containing 15 questions in the areas of taking history, examination of psychiatric health, and the ability to communicate with the patient. The analyses were performed by SPSS-22 software.

RESULTS:

The mean and standard deviation of the evaluation scores of clinical teachers as well as peer and self-evaluation in the areas of taking patient's history were 13.82 ± 2.74, 14.46 ± 2.68, and 15.75 ± 2.56, respectively. In addition, the outcomes in the areas of psychiatric examination were 8.11 ± 1.54, 9.25 ± 2.70, and 10.43 ± 2.65 and in the areas of clinical communication were 8.93 ± 2.03, 9.04 ± 2.25, and 10.21 ± 1.98, respectively. There was a significant correlation between the mean of teachers’ evaluation and self-evaluation scores (P = 0.003) as well as comparing peer and self-evaluation (P = 0.048). However, no significant correlation was observed between teachers’ and peer evaluation (P = 0.062).

CONCLUSION:

Due to the difference in scores of different methods of evaluation, self- and peer evaluation can be used as a complementary method with teachers’ evaluation in measuring the clinical performance of clinical students.
Image retrieval behavior of medical students
Authors: Kamali Mona , Ashrafi-rizi Hasan , Afshar Mina
Published: April 2024

BACKGROUND:

The first step to properly designing image retrieval systems with the aim of meeting the needs of students and researchers is to be fully aware of their behavior in the face of these systems and image resources. The purpose of this study is to identify image retrieval behavior of medical students.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:

This study is an applied research that has been done by descriptive-survey method. The statistical population of this study is 816 general (clinical) medical students who are studying in the fourth and fifth years. Using Morgan and Krejcie table, the number of statistical sample members was 265 who were selected using random sampling method. Research data have been gathered using a questionnaire (researcher made) and then analyzed using SPSS22 software.

RESULTS:

The findings showed that 78.1% of students consider the use of images in class presentations or scientific reporting as the most important reason. According to 73.6% of respondents, the highest rate of image search is in the form of videos. About 76.2% of them consider general search engines to be the most common source for receiving images. For this purpose, only 3.8% of students refer to the librarians. Among the databases from which medical images can be obtained, the most well-known source was the Springer website, which 30.6% of respondents were familiar.

CONCLUSION:

The process of meeting the image-seeking needs is influenced by various individual, social, and other factors. This study can improve this process by providing the necessary suggestions to medical students, for eliminating barriers and problems in accessing reliable resources and visual information they require, to clarify the necessity of promoting technical knowledge to search accurately and to help for finding solutions to medical and treatment educational centers to have access to reliable and up-to-date information.
The effect of a nutrition education intervention on knowledge, attitude, and intake of foods high in fats in women
Authors: Zeynalzadeh Borjloo Fatemeh , Dehdari Tahereh , Abolghasemi Jamileh , Amiri Fatemehsadat , Vasheghani-Farahani Ali
Published: April 2024

BACKGROUND:

Given that many Iranian were interested in the consumption of foods that are high in fats, the present study was done to determine the effect of a nutrition education intervention on knowledge, attitude, and intake of foods high in fat among a sample of women in Tehran.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:

In this quasi-experimental study, 92 female referrals to the health houses affiliated to Tehran municipal were selected and assigned to either intervention (n = 46) or control (n = 46) groups. Information (data) regarding women's knowledge, attitude, and practice in terms of foods rich in fat intake was collected by three questionnaires. Then, a nutrition education intervention included four 40–60 min training sessions over 4 weeks was designed and conducted to the study participants in the intervention group. Two groups were followed up 2 months after the intervention. Finally, all data were analyzed by using the independent-samples t-tests, Student's paired-samples t-test, and Pearson correlation analysis on the R software (version 6.3.2).

RESULTS:

The results showed that there were significant reductions in a positive attitude towards food with high fat content and intake of these foods in the intervention group compared with the control group after the intervention (P < 0.001). Furthermore, following the intervention, the intervention group reported a significant increase in dietary fat nutrition knowledge than the control group (P < 0.001).

Conclusion:

Developing nutrition education interventions is an effective strategy for reducing the consumption of foods rich in fat in Iranian women.
Lifestyle intervention for gestational diabetes prevention in rural woman of Shoush city
Authors: Karimipour Zahra , Sharifi Nasibeh , Seydkhani Hossein , Sayadi Hojat , Jalilian Mohsen
Published: April 2024

BACKGROUND:

Physical activity and nutrition interventions are the most important ways to prevent gestational diabetes. The purpose of the study was to determine the effect of healthy lifestyle intervention to promote preventive behaviors of gestational diabetes in the rural woman of Shoush city.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:

In an experimental study, 60 pregnant women were selected using simple random sampling and allocate into intervention group (n = 30) and nutrition program. The study was conducted from September to June 2018. The data were collected in baseline and 1 month and 3 months of follow-up phase and were analyzed using Chi-square test, repeated-measure test, and generalized linear model (GLM). The α = 0.05 was considered as significance.

RESULTS:

The mean age in the intervention and control group was 25.9 ± 5.6 and 27.2 ± 5.9, respectively. The GLM test showed a significant increase in the physical activity level and the mean of nutrition behaviors within the intervention group over time (P = 0.013). Further, based on the results of repeated-measure test, the mean of weekly MET-minute was increased in the intervention group in comparison to the control group at 1 month and 3 months of follow-up (P < 0.001).

DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION:

The lifestyle interventions are appropriate programs to the reduction of the risk of development of gestational diabetes in pregnant women.
The effect of group cognitive-behavioral counseling on optimism and self-esteem of women during the 1st month of marriage that referring to marriage counseling center
Authors: Dafei Maryam , Jahanbazi Fateme , Nazari Farahnaz , Dehcheshmeh Faranak Safdari , Dehghani Ali
Published: April 2024

BACKGROUND:

Quality of relationship marital status affects all aspects of family functioning, including sustainability of cohabit living, supporting children, and happiness of couples. This study was conducted to examine the effect of group cognitive-behavioral counseling on optimism and self-esteem of women during the 1st month of marriage that referring to marriage counseling center.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:

A semi-experimental study was designed by a test, posttest, and follow-up. Participants consisted of 30 women admitted to premarriage counseling center of Farsan city in 2018 with using purposive sampling by random numbers’ table into experimental and control groups. The experimental group participated in eight consecutive 2-h group counseling sessions. Data collection tools were demographic questionnaire, Rosenberg's Self-Esteem Scale, and optimism designed by Mir Ahmadi (reliability and validity are calculated and was 0.96) and completed in three rounds. Women's self-esteem retested was done after 1 month. Data were analyzed with independent t-test and repeated measures ANOVA (significance level <0.005). Quantitative variables were analyzed using the Kolmogorov–Smirnov test.

RESULTS:

There were no significant differences between optimism scores in the experimental (M = 150.47, standard deviation [SD] = 22.07) and control groups (M = 149.2, SD = 21.54) prior to intervention (P = 0.875). The mean optimism score was significantly different in intervention (M = 169.33, SD = 17.01) and control (M = 147.2, SD = 22.22) groups immediately after counseling (P = 0.005) and 1 month after counseling (P = 0.002, M = 171.08, SD = 17.98). The mean self-esteem scores were statistically significant in both groups immediately after counseling (P = 0.023, I: M = 37.06, SD = 8.69, C: M = 31.4, SD = 4.83) and 1 month after counseling (P = 0.028, I: M = 34.73, SD = 4.93, C: M = 30.06, SD = 4.8).

CONCLUSION:

Cognitive-behavioral counseling enhances women's optimism by emphasizing the training of communication and conflict resolution skills, which leads to positive attitude and life satisfaction. Therefore, using cognitive-behavioral counseling in marriage counseling sessions can improve couples’ relationships.
Transition from physical to virtual classroom amidst COVID-19 crisis
Authors: Chopra Jyoti , Rani Anita , Chopra Shloak , Manik Punita , Singh Rana Ravneesh
Published: April 2024

BACKGROUND:

Among the COVID crisis, medical education is forced to shift to the virtual mode, for which neither the students nor the teachers are prepared. Currently, we replaced traditional classroom teaching (CT) by live online classes (LOC), power-point presentations with voiceovers (UPV), or only power point presentations (UP). Uncertainty of this situation necessitates analysis of the experiences of its stakeholders to improve the implemented online teaching methodologies in coming time. The present study aims to analyze and compare the effectiveness of online teaching methodologies among themselves and against traditional CT.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:

A cross-sectional, survey based, observational study was conducted on 250 MBBS first year students after 1 month of implementation of online teaching program. Responses were collected on Likert scaling from 1 to 5, and data were analyzed using the Kruskal–Wallis H-test, ANOVA with multiple comparisons post hoc Turkey test, and an independent t-test.

RESULTS:

The students perceived that the understanding, convenience for attending class, notes-taking, visibility, audibility, raising queries and overall experience was best in traditional setup. The understanding of the topic and overall experience of the students was not affected by gender. Internet connectivity problem popped up as the major issue that adversely affected the online teaching experience.

CONCLUSIONS:

Majority of students perceived that the traditional CT is best, but at the same time, they felt that a combination of live online classes and power point presentations with voice over can replace the traditional online classes.
Notifiable diseases interoperable framework toward improving Iran public health surveillance system
Authors: Shanbehzadeh Mostafa , Kazemi-Arpanahi Hadi , Valipour Ali Asghar , Zahedi Atefeh
Published: April 2024

BACKGROUND:

Direct transmission of notifiable disease information in a real-time and reliable way to public health decision-makers is imperative for early identification of epidemiological trends as well as proper response to potential pandemic like ongoing coronavirus disease 2019 crisis. Thus, this research aimed to develop of semantic-sharing and collaborative-modeling to meet the information exchange requirements of Iran's notifiable diseases surveillance system.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:

First, the Iran's Notifiable diseases Minimum Data Set (INMDS) was determined according to a literature review coupled with agreements of experts. Then the INMDS was mapped to international terminologies and classification systems, and the Health Level seven-Clinical Document Architecture (HL7-CDA) standard was leveraged to define the exchangeable and machine-readable data formats.

RESULTS:

A core dataset consisting of 15 classes and 96 data fields was defined. Data elements and response values were mapped to Systematized Nomenclature of Medicine-Clinical Terms (SNOMED-CT) reference terminology. Then HL7-CDA standard for interoperable data exchange were defined.

CONCLUSION:

The notifiable disease surveillance requires an integrative participation of multidisciplinary team. In this field, data interoperability is more essential due to the heterogeneous nature of health information systems. Developing of INMDS based on HL7-CDA along with SNOMED-CT codes offers an inclusive and interoperable dataset that can help make notifiable diseases data more comparable and reportable across studies and organizations. The proposed data model will be further modifications in the future according probable changes in Iran's notifiable diseases list.
Evaluation of psychometric properties of the maastricht upper extremity questionnaire (MUEQ) in iranian computer users
Authors: Ghasemi Mohammad , Kamalikhah Tahereh , Salesi Mahmood , Rahmati Fatemeh
Published: April 2024

BACKGROUND:

Measurement of the essential risk factors for work-related musculoskeletal disorders is a fundamental step in predicting the problem and identifying high-risk individuals. In this regard, Maastricht upper extremity questionnaire (MUEQ) has not been validated in Iran. This study aimed to develop a valid and reliable Persian version of MUEQ.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:

In this descriptive study, the computer users employed in a governmental informatics administration in Tehran, Iran, were included during the end of 2018 and early 2019. Face and content validity of the MUEQ was conducted, and a six-part questionnaire was provided. The reliability of the questionnaire was obtained using Cronbach's α and test–retest. Concurrent validity was assessed with Nordic Musculoskeletal Questionnaire (NMQ). Exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis, comparison test of independent mean, internal consistency coefficient, test–retest, and Pearson correlation were carried out using the AMOS and SPSS 22 software.

RESULTS:

Participants consisted of 282 computer users (110 males) with a mean age of 35.17 ± 7.65 years. The mean duration of computer use in a working day was 6.68 ± 2.10 h with a range of 1–12 h. The most prevalent symptoms were existed in the neck (39.1%), back (31.0%), and lower back (30.3%) areas. KMO test and Bartlett's test of sphericity showed that a significant correlation existed among questions. Cronbach's alpha coefficient of the questionnaire varied from 0.61 to 0.83 and test–retest coefficient was higher than 0.7. Correlation coefficient was between NMQ and body posture (r = 0.23, P = 0.004) and between NMQ and work environment (r = 0.28, P = 0.000). Evaluations related to the construct validity and concurrent validity demonstrated that the questionnaire has acceptable construct validity. Six factors of the MUEQ in Root Mean Squared Error Approximation (RMSEA) index (0.062) were acceptable and satisfactory in Parsimony Comparative Fit Index (PCFI), Comparative Fit Index (CFI), Normed Fit Index (NFI), and Parsimony Goodness of Fit Index (PGFI) (0.732, 0.8000, 0.680, and 0.680, respectively).

CONCLUSIONS:

The Persian version of the MUEQ represented a satisfactory validity and reliability and was suitable for computer users in the assessment of their risk factors of musculoskeletal complaints.
Existential anxiety amid COVID-19 pandemic in Kashmir
Authors: Ain Syed Najmul , Gilani Syed Nasir Ahmad
Published: April 2024

BACKGROUND:

Existential anxiety (EA) revolves around the question of ultimate concern related to life and death. It gets more prominent when there is an exposure to stressful experiences where the stress is profound and resources seem insufficient. The objective was to measure the prevalence and magnitude of EA in the study population from the Kashmir valley during the COVID-19 pandemic.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:

In this cross-sectional study, data were collected through social media. All the participants belonging to the Kashmir valley were included. EA questionnaire developed by Weems et al. was used.

RESULTS:

A total of 132 subjects were included. The prevalence of EA concerns was death 55%, fate 62%, emptiness 73%, meaninglessness 32%, guilt 55%, and condemnation 64%. The mean EA score was 5.0. EA was higher in those who had been diagnosed with mental illness ever in their life by a psychiatrist than those who had no such history. EA score was much higher in those who had ever felt a need to visit a psychiatrist than those who had not. There was no statistically significant difference in the mean scores of EA for those who never felt this need and those who felt this need since the start of the COVID-19 pandemic.

CONCLUSION:

There was a high prevalence of EA in the study population from the Kashmir valley. Relative concerns were more prevalent than absolute concerns. EA score was higher among those who had mental health issues compared to others.
Impact of Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19) pandemic on classroom teaching
Authors: Gupta Madan Mohan
Published: April 2024

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is an infectious disease caused by a newly discovered coronavirus and the WHO declared it a pandemic, and due to the high risk, the most government throughout the world have temporarily closed schools, colleges, and universities. The impact of this COVID-19 has been hit the education system worldwide, and according to the UNESCO, as of March 23, 2020, around some 1.3 billion learners worldwide were not able to attend educational institutions so to continue the education, most of the universities are providing teaching through online mode, but there are challenges of technological issue, time management, and adaptability.
Evaluation of Elderly's Integrated Healthcare components in primary healthcare centers of Tehran, Iran
Authors: Ziaeefar Hajar , Tajvar Maryam , Yaseri Mehdi , Pourreza Abolghasem
Published: April 2024

BACKGROUND:

Over the past few decades, significant demographic and epidemiological changes have been occurred and led to serious changes in the health-care needs of the elderly. Integrated care has been emerged as a strategy to provide better care for the elderly in the community. The aim of this study was conducted to evaluate components of integrated health-care program of the elderly.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:

This quantitative cross-sectional study was conducted in Tehran (Iran) in 2019. For the purpose of the study, a two-stage cluster sampling method was employed. In the firs stage, primary health-care centers were selected, then in the second stage, a systematic random sampling was conducted based on the number of the elderly covered by each center. level of frailty, medication use awareness, and self-care ability were evaluated by the elderly self-report questionnaire. The questionnaire was piloted with thirty respondents. The test–retest reliability score for the questionnaire was r = 0.795, P < 0.001. Data analysis of the questionnaire was conducted using generalized estimating equation model by SPSS software Version 22. Statistical significance for all analyses was set at P < 0.05.

RESULTS:

Findings of the components showed that the mean ± standard deviation of frailty (80 ± 17) and self-care ability (87 ± 17) were higher than the mean of medication use awareness (49 ± 19). Frailty and self-care ability (β = frailty, self-care) of the elderly had a positive statistical significance with the ones with good financial status (β = 5, 10) and without chronic disease (β = 4, 5). Medication use awareness had a negative statistical significance with illiteracy (β = −9.5).

CONCLUSIONS:

It is suggested that the medication use awareness of the elderly should be prioritized by improving integrated health-care program.
Medical students’ perspective on online teaching during pandemic
Authors: Kala Pooja Sharma , Thapliyal Naveen , Pandey Hari Shankar , Piyush A. R. , Maheshwari Sonam , Chaudhary Vikram Singh
Published: April 2024

BACKGROUND:

COVID-19 pandemic has forced medical education to undergo sudden metamorphosis from the traditional face-to-face education to distance online learning. This transition was dealt with a lot of infrastructure and technical difficulties from both teacher and learner ends, especially in a developing country like India. This study was conducted with the aim of analyzing students’ perspective and problems faced in the live online teaching.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:

This was a prospective longitudinal study conducted on medical students enrolled in the 1st, 2nd, and 3rd years of Bachelor of Medicine and Bachelor of Surgery courses at a government medical college located in hilly state Uttarakhand, India. Clearance from the institutional ethical committee was obtained. The students were invited to voluntarily participate in online survey by filling Google Forms which was E-mailed as well as shared in social media platform. A total of 237 medical students participated. The first survey was conducted at the time of initiation of online mode of teaching, during May 1–7, 2020, and second, after completion of 6 months of regular online teaching, during November 1–7, 2020. The questionnaire comprised initial section on demographic details and consent followed by 27 and 30 sets of statements pertaining to online medical education experience in the first and second questionnaires, respectively. A 5-point Likert scale was used. Data were analyzed using IBM SPSS version 24.0. Chi-square test was applied for association, and P ≤ 0.05 was considered statistically significant.

RESULTS:

A total of 237 students participated in the study. The response rate was 52.7%. Majority of respondents had suitable devices (89.1%) and Internet facilities (62%) for online classes. The students accepted the new method of teaching very well, but for practical sessions and clinics, traditional classes were necessary. Long screen time, lack of student–teacher interaction, and interaction with peers were major concerns of students. However, over the study period, the availability of resources, friendliness toward technology, and inclination toward virtual classes increased.

CONCLUSIONS:

The pandemic has introduced to a new normal where online teaching cannot be ignored. Despite challenges faced during online learning, 65.5% of students preferred hybrid teaching in future for delivering medical education. Acceptance for online education by students increased over time in the study.
Exploring the occupational health needs of oncology nurses
Authors: Soheili Mozhgan , Jokar Fariba , Eghbali-Babadi Maryam , Sharifi Mehran , Taleghani Fariba
Published: April 2024

BACKGROUND:

Although the work environment of oncology nurses is highly complex and challenging, their occupational health needs are scarcely studied. This study aimed to explore the occupational health needs of oncology nurses.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:

This qualitative descriptive study was conducted in 2018–2019. The participants consisted of 52 oncology nurses and 11 other key informants. They were chosen from eight cancer treatment centers in different cities of Iran. Data were collected through semi-structured individual interviews and analyzed using conventional content analysis.

RESULTS:

The occupational health needs of oncology nurses were grouped into three main categories included needs for self-care, development of professional competency, and a safe and healthy work environment.

CONCLUSION:

The work environment of oncology nurses needs to be optimized in terms of physical, psychological, organizational, and sociocultural conditions. Furthermore, the necessary measures should be taken to encourage oncology nurses to implement self-care, thus creating the preparedness to face the challenges of the workplace by developing their professional competencies.
Medical students’ perception on the usefulness of online formative assessment
Authors: Mondal Himel , Sahoo Manas Ranjan , Samantaray Ritushri , Mondal Shaikat
Published: April 2024

BACKGROUND:

Distance digital learning is newly implemented in the Indian medical institutions. Formative assessment is also conducted online. In this context, this study aimed at finding the perception on the usefulness of online formative assessment along with online classes among 1st-year medical students.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:

This cross-sectional, observational study was conducted in August 2020. The students were exposed to online classes and online formative assessments with five multiple choice questions for a period of 4 months before the conduct of the survey. An online survey was conducted (both quantitative and qualitative data collection) to ascertain the perception on the online formative assessment quiz.

RESULTS:

A total of 36 (14 female, 21 male, 1 did not disclose sex) 1st-year medical students with a mean age of 19.97 ± 1.16 years participated in the survey. The majority of the students agreed that the online quiz was a valuable learning activity and has potential to replace the face-to-face assessment. The online quizzes provided them feedback of classroom learning and helped in identifying the weak area and motivated students to the study. The qualitative data showed that students like to get a greater number of questions and also like to participate in chapter wise multiple quizzes in spare time.

CONCLUSION:

First-year medical students considered the online formative assessments quiz coupled with the online classes as a valuable learning activity. It provided them feedback of learning and a motivation for further study on the topic. They like to participate in anonymous quiz with a greater number of questions with online classes. The finding of this pilot study should be further evaluated with multicenter study with more participants.
Impact of two ergonomics training on prevalence of upper and lower extremity complaints among nurses
Authors: Bahrami-Ahmadi Amir , Hoseini Hamid Reza , Kabir-Mokamelkhah Elaheh , Dehghan Naser , Aghilinejad Mashallah
Published: April 2024

BACKGROUND:

Musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) were known as one of the main occupational problems among health-care workers. However, we had some limitations and difficulties for transferring ergonomic concepts to the health-care workers, especially nurses due to heavy work task and insufficient time for that. This study compares the impacts of two ergonomic training methods (lecture and pamphlet) in nurses of an Iranian tertiary hospital on prevalence of their upper and lower extremity complaints.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:

In the present randomized clinical trial with parallel groups, 1140 nurses were randomly selected and allocated to the control and two interventional groups. In the interventional groups, nurses revived a training program and pamphlet as ergonomic training methods about work-related MSDs and related ergonomic concept to MSDs prevention and nurses in the control group, did not receive any ergonomic training methods. Upper and lower extremity complaints measure among study nurses with Nordic MSDs before 6 months and 1 year after trial intervention. Statistical analysis including the Kolmogorov–Smirnov goodness-of-fit, Chi-square test, and independent sample t-test was performed using SPSS version 22. A two-tailed P ≤ 0.05 was considered statistically significant.

RESULTS:

At the first and second parts of the study follow-up, the prevalence of upper and lower extremities significantly improved in the interventional groups in comparison with the control group. Moreover, between the two trial groups, the frequency of MSDs in upper and lower extremities significantly improved among nurses of the pamphlet group in comparison with the lecture group.

CONCLUSION:

Findings of the study showed that we can use pamphlet as a suitable tool for describing ergonomic concepts in comparison with lecture among nurses.
Epidemiological factors influencing gender preference among mothers attending under-five immunization clinic
Authors: Rawat Shalini , Yadav Ashwini , Parve Sneha , Bhate Kamaxi
Published: April 2024

BACKGROUND:

Sex ratio is an important social indicator measuring the status and equality of female in society. The falling sex ratio of our country is a demographic disaster that is waiting to happen and is a matter of grave concern. Perception of gender by mothers or families has long-term implications on how children are nurtured during their lives. This study was done to understand mother's preference for the gender of the child and their concerns about the same.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:

An observational cross-sectional study was carried out using a semi-structured questionnaire. Two hundred and thirty-four mothers were interviewed. Frequencies and percentages were calculated. Pearson's Chi-square test was used to check the significance of the association.

RESULTS:

Study results depict that 26.47% of the mothers who were already having a male child still preferred son. Preference for son was 24.52% and 48.61% among earning mothers and nonearning mothers, respectively. Out of 206 mothers said that they would prefer male child. Reasons cited were as follows: sons carry family name forward (30.6%), having daughters leads to increased expenditure (20.9%), daughters are subjected to different problem in their lifetime mainly violence (11.7%), and sons supported their parents in old age (10.7%).

CONCLUSION:

Preference for male child was found to be equally prevalent in both urban and rural areas. Mothers should be educated about the effect of declining sex ratio along with financial capacity building of women and providing social security to senior citizens which was the main reason for son preference. The impact of gender imbalance on individuals, families, and on society has to be emphasized at every possible point of contact with health-care delivery system.
Comparison of the use of personal protective equipment and infection control in dentists and their assistants before and after the corona crisis
Authors: Akbari Narjes , Salehiniya Hamid , Abedi Farshid , Abbaszadeh Hamid
Published: April 2024

BACKGROUND:

Coronavirus disease 2019 is a new viral outbreak in the world. Dentists and their assistants are at greatest risk of exposure to the virus, due to close contact with patients and dealing with aerosols. Hence, the aim of this study was to compare the use of personal protective equipment (PPE) and supplementary protective equipment (SPE) and observance of the principles of infection control (PIC) in dentists and their assistants before and after the corona crisis.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:

This cross-sectional study was conducted using an online survey from May 6 to 20, 2020. Convenience sampling was used to select individuals. The questionnaire, consisting of four general categories about the use of PPE and SPE and the observance of PIC by dentists and their assistants before and after corona crisis, was registered at Porsline website (https://survey.porsline.ir/s/KUt7VQB). Frequencies in each subcategory were calculated and comparisons were done using Chi-square test, Fisher's exact test, and paired sample t-test. A P < 0.05 was considered statistically significant.

RESULTS:

There were significant differences in the frequency of use of PPE by dentists before and after corona crisis for oral and dental examination and also dental procedures (P < 0.001). There were significant differences in the frequency of use of SPE and observance of PIC before and after corona crisis, except for different types of suction types (P = 0.22), dental handpiece (P = 0.66), and dental unit (P = 1). There were significant differences in the frequency of use of PPE by dental assistants before and after corona crisis (P < 0.001).

CONCLUSIONS:

Although the frequency of use of PPE and observance of PIC increased among dentists and their assistants, this increase is not sufficient, especially for dental assistants, and a higher level of use of PPE and PIC observance in face of highly contagious and life-threatening viruses such as corona is required.
Case-based learning
Authors: Das Sibadatta , Das Ashima , Rai Pinki , Kumar Naresh
Published: April 2024

BACKGROUND:

Case-based learning (CBL) is an established bidirectional active learning approach where students learn concepts by solving cases or problems under the guidance of a facilitator. In the present study, the awareness and acceptance level of faculties to implement this method of teaching were assessed by behavioral analysis.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:

This cross-sectional study was done through two workshops organized at NDRI Karnal on December 16 and 17, 2019, and BHU Varanasi on March 1, 2020. Fifty-four faculties from different applied sciences participated. The participants were given an insight into this teaching tool through didactic lecture and hands-on training session about implementation of this method. Pre and post- session responses were compared through a set of questionnaires and the behavioral change was analyzed by using SPSS version 22. P ≤ 0.05 was considered as statistically significant.

RESULTS:

Only 31.5% faculties were aware of the active learning methods though 83% agreed that active learning is better than conventional teaching. 96% agreed that CBL is a better way to develop concepts and nearly 81% agreed that more learning could be done with lesser efforts. The clinical decision-making improve significantly. Pre and post-session mean scores of effectiveness of CBL as a teaching tool were 2.44 ± 0.63 and 2.72 ± 0.53, respectively.

CONCLUSION:

CBL originally is a mode of imparting knowledge in a student-centric bimodal learning. Acceptance to the mode is increasing among faculties despite of many deterrents.
Information retrieval strategy in functional gastrointestinal disorders with emphasis on the sensitivity and precision
Authors: Osareh Farideh , Ghazavi Roghayeh , Adibi Peyman
Published: April 2024

BACKGROUND:

To determine functional gastrointestinal disorder (FGID) aspects, there should be a guideline to retrieve documents in this area for researchers with different levels of knowledge about these disorders. the objective of this study was conducted in order to compile different terms related to different categories of these disorders and to determine the sensitivity of them.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:

To set a proper search, some strategies were used to enhance the precision and sensitivity. After preparing the list of terms according to some sources such as thesauruses, Rome classification, related review articles, and so on, they were divided into seven categories and the queries in each of them were searched on the Scopus.

RESULTS:

The sensitivity for each of the terms in categories were calculated, and the highest values were as follow: FGIDs with 189 queries (“digestive* system* function* disorder*”), irritable bowel syndrome with 142 queries (“irritable colon*”), functional constipation with 13 queries (“function* disorder*” and constipation), functional diarrhea with 16 queries (“function* disorder*” and diarrhea), functional bloating with 29 queries (“function* disorder*” and bloat*), Functional Dyspepsia with 29 queries (“functional dyspep*”), and neurogenic bowel with 7 queries (“neurogenic bowel*”).

CONCLUSION:

Given the values calculated for sensitivity, and considering the type of study, in order to retrieve documents in this area, it is necessary to apply all or part of the proposed queries to the search strategy.
Iranian University students’ stressors and coping strategies
Authors: Khademian Fatemeh , Aslani Azam , Ravangard Ramin , Nami Mohammad , Abbasi Samaneh , Bastani Peivand
Published: April 2024

BACKGROUND:

Although a certain amount of stress is essential, excessive stress can adversely influence the physiological and mental health. Hence, this study aims to assess common stressors and coping strategies among university students.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:

This qualitative study was conducted from October to November 2019 in Iran. Twelve students were recruited based on purposeful sampling to participate focus group discussions (FGD). Transcripts of three sessions of FGD were analyzed applying Graneheim and Lundman (2004) approach, and a thematic network was applied to illustrate the findings.

RESULTS:

The finding emerged 78 codes, 14 subthemes, and 4 main themes. Stressors were classified in two main themes, including individual stressors and the social ones. Behavioral strategies and the cognitive ones were among two categories of coping strategies. According to the thematic network, a full stress student affecting the precious stressors and the social, cultural, and the economic context may manage his/her stress applying the coping strategies.

CONCLUSION:

The findings revealed that university students experienced different kinds of stress, and usually, they do not apply right coping strategies. It is important to establish stress counseling programs for university students. Besides, it is proposing to provide 1st year university students with workshops about the cause of stress and effective coping strategies.
Disaster preparedness in emergency medical service agencies
Authors: Beyramijam Mehdi , Farrokhi Mehrdad , Ebadi Abbas , Masoumi Gholamreza , Khankeh Hamid Reza
Published: April 2024

The Emergency Medical Services (EMSs) are in the frontline between the health-care systems and people in emergencies and disasters. With the increase in the frequency of natural or man-made disasters around the world, the need for prepared EMS services is increasing. This study aimed to evaluate the current disaster preparedness status of the EMS agencies in the literature and exploring the key preparedness elements and the strategies to improve the EMS disaster preparedness. The electronic database such as PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, and Google Scholar was searched from 2000 to 2019. The searching keywords included: “EMS,” “Disaster,” “Preparedness,” “Emergency” “Preparedness,” “Disaster Preparedness,” “Readiness,” and the terms related to “disaster types” were used in combination with Boolean operators OR and AND. Out of 1412 articles, 7 articles were included in the review. The most important elements of the EMS disaster preparedness include the size and scope of the incident, surge capacity, planning, communication, training and education, policymaking, financial support, coordination, safety and security, early warning system, disaster response experience, and legal considerations. This systematic review showed that the EMS agencies in the world generally are inadequately prepared for an effective response to major emergencies and disasters. This study provides valuable information to EMS educators, EMS administrators to adopt and perform appropriate activities to improve the EMS disaster preparedness.
Dental implant quality registries and databases
Authors: Naemi Roya , Barikani Hamid Reza , Shahmoradi Leila
Published: April 2024

BACKGROUND:

The importance of dental implant quality register has been well-documented. However, no systematic review conducted on dental implant quality register can be found in the literature. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to study the existed dental implant quality registries to explain the goals, data elements, and reports of dental implant quality registries.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:

This systematic study was conducted in PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Embase databases. For evaluating dental implant quality registers, all studies in the English language were examined with no time limitation. Case reports, conference abstracts, and letters to the editor were excluded. The analysis of the quality of the studies was done by the STrengthening the Reporting of OBservational studies in Epidemiology checklist.

RESULTS:

The primary search identified 5565 articles. After eliminating duplicate articles and articles that did not meet the inclusion criteria and reviewing 40 full texts, 11 studies were included in this study. In this review, seven countries as Sweden, the USA, Canada, Germany, Finland, Australia, and South Korea had dental implant quality registers. Furthermore, the goals of dental implant quality registers were classified into the categories of research, epidemiology, administrative, clinical, and surveillance.

CONCLUSION:

The results of this study provide dentists and other stakeholders useful information on the existed dental implant quality registers and databases worldwide. It also provides a framework of the goals, data elements, and reports of dental implant quality registry. The establishment of dental implant quality register will be beneficial for societies and also allows them to control the complications of dental implants in future.
Capturing the patient's voice
Authors: Tripathi Sandeep , Khan Imadh , Read Cynthia D. , Mischler Matthew J.
Published: April 2024

BACKGROUND:

Traditional methods are not able to differentiate which feature customers regard as attractive, mandatory, performance, and which feature customers are indifferent about. These categories can only be differentiated based on a specific technique called Kano survey. Specific aim of this study was to categorize the Hospital Consumer Assessment of Healthcare Providers and Systems (HCAHPS) patient satisfaction survey questions into Kano categories.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:

Design of the study was survey research. It was conducted from 6/2019 to 8/2019 at OSF Saint Francis Medical Centre in Peoria, Illinois, USA. A 34 question Kano survey (17 positive and 17 negative questions) based on HCAHPS patient questionnaire was designed. Surveys were analyzed using Kano analysis template. Comparative analysis of Kano categories based on demographics was also performed.

RESULTS:

39 current patients and 25 caregivers completed the survey. All of the 17 HCAHPS questions except “noise level at night” were classified as mandatory requirement with highest number for information on “indications of medicines.” There was a minimum variability in the satisfaction coefficients but large variation in the dissatisfaction coefficients. More patients above 50 years consider “help going to bathroom” as mandatory (70.2% vs. 40.7%, P = 0.01). Sixty-four percent of caregivers considered “explain things (nurse)” as mandatory as opposed to 51.2% of patients (P = 0.03).

CONCLUSION:

Current U. S healthcare consumers have high expectations from healthcare delivery and consider most HCAHPS questions as mandatory requirements. Kano analysis needs to be done on a larger, more diverse hospital setting and potentially the HCAHPS survey needs to be modified to reflect prevailing healthcare customer requirements.