bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Análisis clínico de la prevalencia de trastornos témporomandibulares en niños de 8 a 12 años de edad de la Escuela Diego Abad de Cepeda de la ciudad de Quito
Authors: Moreno Silva Carla Paquita , Carrillo Diego
Published: March 2019

El presente estudio se realizó con el fin de conocer la prevalencia de trastornos témporomandibulares en niños de 8 a 12 años de la Escuela “Diego Abad de Cepeda” de la ciudad de Quito. La investigación se realizó en 228 niños que se distribuyeron en 128 mujeres y 100 hombres y bajo el método de observación se determinaron signos de trastornos témporomandibulares. Los trastornos que se evaluaron fueron dolor, limitación en apertura, deflexión, ruidos articulares y discrepancia entre relación céntrica y oclusión céntrica. El 49% de la población mostró al menos uno de los trastornos, siendo más prevalente en el sexo femenino con el 64%. Los trastornos más prevalentes en la población examinada fueron dolor con el 32% y ruidos articulares con el 25%. Los trastornos se encontraron con más frecuencia en aquellos niños que tuvieron uno o más hábitos perniciosos, apiñamiento y maloclusiones como mordida profunda, mordida abierta y mordida cruzada. Los resultados que se obtuvieron en el presente estudio nos ayudan a confirmar que los trastornos témporomandibulares pueden afectar también a los niños y nos impulsa a los odontólogos a aprender más sobre la articulación témporomandibular para saber tratarla adecuadamente.
Caso clínico: Sialolito gigante en el conducto de Wharton.
Authors: Salazar Juan Diego , Sandoval Vernimmen Raúl Fernando , Carcelén Estefanía
Published: March 2019

La sialolitiasis es una afección frecuente de las glándulas salivales mayores, con una frecuencia de aparición del 1.2% en la población mundial, ocurre con mayor frecuencia en la glándula submandibular. Esta se produce debido a la obstrucción de la glándula salival o del conducto de la misma debido a un sialolito. Este cálculo se desarrolla como resultado de un estancamiento de saliva, este proporciona un ambiente idóneo para la deposición de sales y otras sustancias orgánicas formando un cálculo. El tamaño de los sialolitos frecuentemente es de 1 a 10mm y en raras ocasiones se puede apreciar sialolitos gigantes, estos pueden llegan a medir más de 15mm y usualmente se localizan en el conducto de Wharton. En este artículo se reporta un caso de un sialolito de 25mm de diámetro que se localizaba en el conducto de Wharton, el cual no presentaba sintomatología y fue descubierto por un examen de rutina, y el tratamiento que se eligió fue la remoción por vía intraoral.
Estudio comparativo de los defectos superficiales de las limas Reciproc y Wave One Gold después de la instrumentación de conductos radiculares en molares extraídos mediante el uso de Microscopía Electrónica de Barrido.
Authors: Nieto Salvador Cristina , Mendoza Pazmiño Daniela
Published: March 2019

En la presente investigación se compararon los defectos superficiales encontrados en las limas de movimiento reciprocante, Reciproc 25.08 y Wave One Gold Primary 25.07, antes y después de usarlas por 3, 6 y 9 oportunidades en la instrumentación de conductos radiculares con curvaturas moderadas de molares humanos extraídos, bajo observación de MEB. Las fotografías del tercio apical a 500x y de los tercios medio y cervical a 200x fueron calificadas por 4 expertos endodoncistas, quienes identificaron defectos como microfisuras, deformación de estrías, cráteres, deformación de superficies cortantes, bordes romos, presencia de barrillo dentinario y fractura del instrumento. Los resultados se sometieron a análisis estadísticos Kruskal Wallis, chi2, ANOVA y de t student, dada la estructura de las variables, obteniendo conclusiones como, que la lima Reciproc presenta menos defectos superficiales que la Wave One Gold; sin embargo, no se encontró una relación directa de éstos con la fractura, puesto que la lima Reciproc se rompió más que la Wave One Gold, pero estadísticamente ninguno de los dos sistemas mostró un índice de fractura significativo para poder concluir que lima se separa más. Se encontró una relación directa entre la cantidad de defectos superficiales y el número de usos del instrumento, por lo tanto, se puede definir que, entre menos usos habrá menos defectos superficiales y menos riesgo de fractura, determinando como recomendación que se pueden usar este tipo de limas rotatorias reciprocantes máximo por tres oportunidades.
Abordajes para cirugía de tercio medio facial. Algunas alternativas.
Authors: Olalla López Evelyn , Unda Jaramillo Patricio , Tamayo Clavijo Rómulo , Casares Tamayo Jimmy
Published: March 2019

El tercio medio facial es susceptible a sufrir diferentes alteraciones o problemas como traumatismos, deformidades, fisuras, o patologías, que requieren ser resueltos quirúrgicamente. Para ello se han diseñado y se usan algunos abordajes que resultan en diferentes grados de variedad y tipo.Se presentan dos alternativas útiles para abordajes de cirugías de tercio medio facial como son el Degloving Centro Facial y abordaje de Weber Ferguson, a manera de un estudio aplicado, comparativo, clínico, trasversal, retrospectivo y abierto realizado en el Hospital Militar HE-1 de Quito con buenos resultados a largo plazo. A través de este artículo puede conocerse las aplicaciones, contraindicaciones, ventajas y desventajas de estos abordajes en cirugía de tercio medio facial, además de una alternativa para que el cirujano maxilofacial pueda abordar las diferentes alteraciones que puedan presentarse a este nivel.
Colgajo dorsal de lengua de base posterior para cierre de defecto palatino secuela de resección oncológica. Reporte de caso clínico
Authors: Robalino Torres. Diego , Sandoval Portilla Fernando , Sandoval Vernimmen Fernando
Published: March 2019

Presentamos el reporte de un caso clínico de una paciente de sexo femenino de 34 años de edad, cuyo diagnóstico fue de cáncer de células acinares de glándulas salivales en el paladar blando. La paciente fue sometida a cirugía oncológica para resección y biopsia de la lesión. Un año después de la cirugía, no se evidenció recidiva de la lesión, sin embargo, la paciente presentó un defecto a nivel del paladar blando como secuela de la resección, por lo que acude al servicio de Cirugía Oral y Maxilofacial. El defecto del paladar blando causó problemas frecuentes como halitosis, reflujo oronasal, voz nasal e infecciones recurrentes de oído, nariz y garganta, por lo que se decidió realizar un colgajo lingual dorsal de base posterior para resolver los problemas y mejorar la calidad de vida de la paciente.
Comparación in vitro de la microfiltración corono-apical del Enterococcus faecalis con tres diferentes técnicas de obturación: lateral, vertical y de vástago, en premolares unirradiculares
Authors: Arellano Colorado Dora Luz , Mosquera Bolaños Juan D. , Castrillón Sarria Nicolás
Published: March 2019

El objetivo de este estudio fue comparar la microfiltración del Enterococcus faecalis en tres técnicas de obturación: condensación lateral, vertical y con vástago de gutapercha. Cuarenta premolares unirradiculares fueron decoronados e instrumentados hasta la Reciproc R50.Se usó un modelo modificado de cámaras divididas de Torabinejad donde el E. faecalis se colocó en la cámara superior y posteriormente debía pasar hacia la cámara inferior únicamente a través del conducto obturado. La prueba de Kruskal-Wallis mostró que el grupo de obturación con vástago y obturación vertical fueron estadísticamente superiores al grupo de obturación lateral. No se encontró diferencias estadísticamente significativas entre la obturación lateral y el control positivo, ni tampoco entre la obturación con vástago y la obturación vertical (p > 0.05). En conclusión, la obturación con vástago de gutapercha mostró mayor resistencia a la filtración del E. Faecalis, pero no fue estadísticamente superior a la obturación vertical de onda continua.
Determinantes sociales y prevalencia de la caries dental en población escolar de zonas rurales y urbanas de Ecuador
Authors: Ortega Pérez Fernando , Guerrero Andrea , Aliaga Paulina
Published: March 2019

La caries dental obedece a múltiples factores causales y constituye un problema de salud pública local y global. Objetivo: explorar la asociación entre determinantes sociales y prevalencia de caries dental en población escolar rural y urbana en Ecuador. Materiales y Método: Estudio descriptivo de corte transversal realizado por un equipo odontológico adiestrado bajo los criterios de la OMS, que realizó un examen clínico oral a 518 menores de 3 a 15 años y lo complemento con información sobre hábitos higiénico/alimentarios, acceso a servicios de salud y condiciones sociales mediante una encuesta sociodemográfica previamente validada. Resultados: La presencia de caries en dientes definitivos se asocia significativamente con: caries en dientes primarios p<. 000, ausencia de cepillo dental en la escuela p<.003, falta de acceso a una unidad de salud oral p<.006, y baja autopercepción de salud oral p<.012. La caries en dientes primarios se asocia significativamente con: sexo masculino p<.001, baja autopercepción de salud oral p<.013, última visita al dentista en más de seis meses p<.040, y ausencia de cepillo en la escuela p<.050. Conclusión: Se confirma la influencia de múltiples factores causales en la presencia de caries en dientes primarios y definitivos de la población escolar estudiada.
Nonspecific Energy Expenditure of the Body and Body Mass Regulation
Authors: Zagoskin Pavel Pavlovich
Published: March 2019

The principal possibility of nonspecific energy expenditure at all stages of the transformation of nutrients in the body is demonstrated. These stages include the processing of food in the mouth, digestion, absorption, interaction with the intestinal micro biome, and interstitial metabolic processes. Particular attention is paid to the role of nonspecific energy expenditure of the body in the regulation of body mass. The data on the pivotal role of reducing nonspecific energy expenditure in the development of obesity and associated pathological conditions are presented. The prospects for using uncouples of oxidative phosphorylation, fatty acids, carnitine, bile acids, sarcolipin and a number of other substances as regulators of the nonspecific energy expenditure and potential means of preventing and treating obesity are analyzed.
TEMA 3 - GESTÃO DA QUALIDADE
Authors: 2018 EMEPRO
Published: March 2019

GESTÃO DA QUALIDADE
TEMA 1 - GESTÃO DA PRODUÇÃO (parte 1)
Authors: 2018 EMEPRO
Published: March 2019

GESTÃO DA PRODUÇÃO
TEMA 4 - GESTÃO ECONÔMICA
Authors: 2018 EMEPRO
Published: March 2019

GESTÃO ECONÔMICA
TEMA 5 - ERGONOMIA E SEGURANÇA DO TRABALHO
Authors: 2018 EMEPRO
Published: March 2019

ERGONOMIA E SEGURANÇA DO TRABALHO
TEMA 6 - GESTÃO DO PRODUTO
Authors: 2018 EMEPRO
Published: March 2019

GESTÃO DO PRODUTO
Obstruktif Uyku Apne Ön Tanısında Tiroid Fonksiyon Testlerinin Önemi ve Gerekliliği
Authors: DOĞAN Deniz , ÖCAL Nesrin
Published: March 2019

Amaç:
Obstruktif
uyku apne sendromu (OUAS); horlama, gündüz uyuklama, kilo fazlalığı, apati
ve/veya letarji gibi hipotiroidizmde de sıklıkla izlenebilen non-spesifik
semptomlarla ortaya çıkan bir klinik tablodur. Bu açıdan hipotiroidizm ile
ayırıcı tanısının dikkatli bir şekilde yapılması önemlidir.  Gereç
ve Yöntemler: Uykuda solunum bozuklukları ön tanısı ile
tüm gece PSG testine alınan 309 hastanın verileri retrospektif olarak
incelendi. Hastalara ait demografik veriler, vücut kile indeksleri, PSG
skorları ve tiroid fonksiyon test sonuçları derlendi.  Bulgular:
Tüm olguların genel yaş ortalaması 38.46 ± 12.34, vücut kitle indeksi (VKİ) ise
28.14 ± 4.08 olarak saptandı. Olguların 279’u (%90.3) erkek, 30’u (%9.7)
kadındı. Olguların 91’inde (%29.45) AHİ<5 olup bu olgular OUAS olmayan grup
olarak tanımlandı. 80 olguda (%25.89) hafif OUAS, 60’ında (%19.42) orta OUAS,
78’inde (%25.24) ise ağır OUAS saptandı (Tablo1). Tüm olguların tiroid
fonksiyon testleri incelendiğinde toplam 16 olguda (%5.59) hipotiroidizm
saptandı. Bu olguların 5’i OUAS olmayan grupta, 11’i ise OUAS saptanan
gruptaydı. OUAS olmayan grupta hipotiroidizm sıklığı %6.17 olarak izlenirken,
OUAS tanısı konulanlarda %5.36 oranında hipotiroidi görülmekteydi.  

Sonuç:
Hipotiroidi saptanan olguların %50’sinin OUAS olmayan veya hafif OUAS grubunda
olmaları, tiroid fonksiyonlarının mutlaka incelenmesi gerekliliğini ortaya
koymaktadır. OUAS benzeri semptomlarla başvuran hastalarda kolay uygulanabilir
bir tarama yöntemi olan tiroid fonksiyon testlerinin yapılması klinik açıdan
önemli ve gereklidir.
Bir Ortaöğretim Kurumunda Akran Zorbalığının Değerlendirilmesi
Authors: ÖZTÜRK Aslıhan , TEZEL Ayfer , ÖZTÜRK Fatma Özlem
Published: March 2019

Amaç:
Zorbalık,
önlem alınmazsa ciddi fiziksel ve
ruhsal travmalara neden olabilen bir şiddet uygulama
biçimidir. Okul
döneminde öğrencilerin kişilik gelişimlerini ve akademik başarılarını olumsuz
yönde etkileyen sorunlar arasında akran zorbalığı da yer almaktadır.
Bu çalışma bir ortaöğretim kurumundaki öğrencilerin akran zorbalığına maruz kalma ve
zorbalık yapma durumlarını değerlendirmek amacıyla
yapılmıştır. Gereç ve Yöntem:
Tanımlayıcı nitelikte olan çalışma, 2015-2016 eğitim öğretim yılı bahar
döneminde Ankara İl
Merkezi’nde 296 öğrencisi bulunan bir ortaokulda gerçekleştirilmiştir. Örneklem
seçimine gidilmeden, araştırmaya katılmayı kabul eden 240 öğrenci çalışma
kapsamına alınmıştır. Araştırmanın verileri kişisel bilgi formu, Akran
Zorbalığı Kurbanlarını Belirleme Ölçeği (AZKBÖ) ve Akran Zorbalarını Belirleme Ölçeği
(AZBÖ) ile toplanmıştır. Verilerin analizi SPSS 21.0
istatistik programı ile yapılmıştır.Bulgular: Araştırma
kapsamına alınan öğrencilerin %53,3’ünün erkek, %31,7’sinin 7. sınıf öğrencisi olduğu,
%87,5’inin anne babası ile birlikte yaşadığı belirlenmiştir. Araştırma
kapsamına alınan öğrencilerin %10,8’inin zorbalık yaptığı, %13,8’inin zorbalığa
maruz kaldığı,  %4,6’sının hem zorba hem
kurban ve %80’inin ne zorba ne de kurban olduğu belirlenmiştir. Cinsiyet,
öğrencinin okulu sevme durumu ile AZBÖ puan ortalamaları arasında, öğrencilerin
okuduğu sınıf ile AZKBÖ puan ortalamaları arasında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı
fark saptanmıştır (p<0,05).

Sonuç:
Öğrencilerin
kurban, zorba veya hem zorba hem kurban rolünü üstlendikleri belirlenmiştir.
Okul sağlığı hizmetleri kapsamında akran zorbalığını engellemeye yönelik
stratejiler geliştirmeye ihtiyaç duyulmaktadır.
Association Between Near Infrared Spectroskopy (NIRS) and Normobaric and Hyperbaric Oxygen Treatment in Acute Carbon Monoxide Poisoning
Authors: GÜNAYDIN Mücahit , AYGÜN Ali , TOP Ahmet Ali , YILDIRIM Furkan , VARDAR Hüseyin Alper
Published: March 2019

Objective: Carbon monoxide (CO) is the main cause of death and
morbidity associated with poisoning in developed countries. The most important
mortality and morbidity cause of CO poisoning is cerebral hypoxia.
Near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) is a useful method for assessing brain
oxygenation. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the brain oxygenation of CO
poisoning patients with NIRS and to investigate its benefits in patients follow
up and treatment.

Materials and
Methods: The study was
conducted as a single-center, prospective clinical trial with 33 patients who
were diagnosed by measuring blood CO-Hb level or referred from other hospitals
diagnosed with CO poisoning. Patients were divided into two groups as
normobaric oxygen therapy (NBOT) group and hyperbaric oxygen therapy (HBOT)
group according to the treatment method applied.

Results: Although average cerebral saturation (ScO2) levels
after treatment were higher in the NBOT group than before treatment, no
statistically significant difference was found except the left frontal ScO2
values. In HBOT group, there was no difference between ScO2 values before and
after treatment sessions.

Conclusion: Our study concluded that NIRS may be useful in
assessing brain oxygenation in CO poisoned patients, but not in determining the
HBOT start-up, and not in monitoring the effectiveness of HBOT.
Kronik Spontan Ürtikerli Hastalarda Kronik Yaygın Ağrı Sıklığı ve Yaşam Kalitesi Üzerine Etkisi
Authors: ERTAŞ Ragıp , EROL Kemal
Published: March 2019

Amaç:
Kronik
spontan ürtiker (KSÜ), düşük yaşam kalitesi ile seyreden,
kronik, yaygın ve zorlayıcı bir hastalıktır. Bu çalışmanın
temel amacı, KSÜ hastalarında, Kronik Yaygın Ağrının (KYA)
varlığını araştırmak ve KYA ile KSÜ arasında klinik
özellikler, laboratuvar belirteçler, hastalık aktivite skorları
ile dermatoloji yaşam kalitesi indeksi (DYKİ) arasındaki olası
bağlantıyı ortaya koymaktır.
Yöntem:
KSÜ'
lü 91 hasta, KYA varlığı açısından üçüncü basamak
polikliniğinde değerlendirildi. KSÜ’lü hastalarda, KYA (en az
üç ay boyunca dört kadran ve aksiyel olmak üzere beş vücut
bölgesinden dördünde veya daha fazlasında ağrı) varlığı
romatoloji polikliniğinde değerlendirildi. Ayrıca, hastaların
anti-nükleer antikor (ANA), eritrosit sedimantasyon hızı, CRP
(C-reaktif protein), B12, total IgE ve anti-TPO test sonuçları da
analiz edildi. Hastalar hastalığın başlangıcı ve süresi, eşlik
eden morbiditeleri, anjioödem varlığı, atopi öyküsü ve uykudan
uyandıran gece kaşıntısı yönüyle değerlendirildi. Hastaların
hastalık aktivitesini ortaya koymak için ürtiker kontrol testi
(UKT), ürtiker aktivite skoru (UAS) ve hekim ve hastaların genel
sağlık durumunu ayrı ayrı değerlendirdiği görsel analog skala
kullanıldı. Ayrıca, hastaların yaşam kalitesi dermatolojik
hastalık yaşam kalite indeksi (DYKİ) ile değerlendirildi.
Sonuç:
KSÜ’lü
91 hastadan 23'ünde (25.3%) KYA mevcuttu. KYA +, KSÜ' lü
hastalarda anlamlı yüksek Doktor Global değerlendirme skoru
(p=0.003), Hasta global değerlendirme skoru (p=0.005), UAS
(p=0.046), DYKİ (p<0.001) ve düşük UCT skorları bulundu.
KYA’lı 23 hastanın dokuzunda, eşlik eden hastalık olarak astım
(39.1%) bulundu (p=0.005).

Tartışma
Ürtiker
hastalarında KYA'nın varlığı, hastaların yaşam kalitesini ve
hastalık skorlarını olumsuz yönde etkileyebilir.
RESPONS PERTUMBUHAN TUNAS MIKRO STEVIA (Stevia rebaudiana Bertoni) SECARA IN VITRO PADA BEBERAPA JENIS SITOKININ DAN KONSENTRASI AIR KELAPA
Authors: Asmono Sepdian Luri , Sari Vega Kartika , Wardana Rudi
Published: March 2019

Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui pengaruh penggunaan beberapa jenis sitokinin dan beberapa levelkonsentrasi air kelapa terhadap respon pertumbuhan tunas mikro stevia. Rancangan Penelitian ini menggunakanRancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL), meliputi 3 jenis sitokinin (2 ppm Kinetin, 2ppm BAP, 2ppm TDZ) dan 4 levelkonsentrasi air kelapa (0%; 5%; 10%; 15%) dengan 5 ulangan. Parameter pengamatan meliputi persentasekontaminasi, persentase browning, saat muncul tunas, jumlah tunas, panjang tunas dan jumlah ruas. Data dianalisisdengan analisis ragam (ANOVA) dan uji DMRT pada taraf 5%. Hasil penelitian pada 30 HST untuk parametersaat muncul tunas, jumlah tunas, panjang tunas dan jumlah ruas, interaksi antara BAP dan air kelapa menunjukkanperbedaan yang tidak nyata. Namun hasil analisis menunjukkan pengaruh tunggal sitokinin dan air kelapa dalampembentukan dan pertumbuhan tunas. Media perlakuan dengan menggunakan MS+2ppm BAP tanpa air kelapaterbukti memacu kemunculan tunas lebih cepat, yaitu rata-rata 3,05 Hari Setelah Kultur (HSK) serta memacupertambahan jumlah ruas (2,6 ruas per tunas) dan tunas (3,7 tunas per eksplan). Penambahan air kelapamenghambat kecepatan pertumbuhan tunas. Parameter pertumbuhan tunas menunjukkan semakin besarkonsentrasi air kelapa yang ditambahkan semakin menurunkan pertumbuhan tunas baik dari jumlah, panjang atauruas.Kata kunci: Stevia, in vitro, air kelapa, sitokininABSTRACTThis study aimed to determine effect of use of several types of cytokinin and levels of coconut waterconcentration on stevia micro shoot growth response. This study was arranged in a Randomized Block Design,including 3 types of cytokines (2 ppm Kinetin, 2ppm BAP, 2ppm TDZ) and 4 levels of coconut water concentration(0%, 5%, 10%, 15%) with 5 replications. The parameters included percentage of contamination, percentage ofbrowning, time to form shoots, number of shoots, shoot length and number of nodes. Analyzed by variance analysis(ANOVA) and DMRT test at 5% level. For analysis results of time to form shoots, number of shoots, shoot lengthand number of segments showed that the interaction between BAP and coconut water gave no significantdifference. However, the results of the analysis showed a single effect of cytokinin and coconut water in shootformation and growth. Treatment media using MS + 2ppm BAP without coconut water proved to accelerate theappearance of shoot more rapidly, that is average 3.05 days after culture and induced the increase of the numberof node (2.6 node per shoot) and shoot number (3.7 shoots per explant). The addition of coconut water inhibitedthe growth rate of buds. Shoot growth of the number, length, and node number of shoots decline due to highconcentration of coconut water added further decrease the growth of shoot either from the number, length, andnode number of shoots.Key words: Stevia, in vitro, coconut water, cytokinins
PENGARUH PUPUK HAYATI DAN PUPUK ANORGANIK TERHADAP POPULASI BAKTERI ENDOFIT, KANDUNGAN KLOROFIL DAN HASIL TANAMAN PAKCOY (Brassica rapa L) PADA HIDROPONIK SISTEM NFT
Authors: Herlianti Anissa Mutiara , Setiawati Mieke Rochimi , Hindersah Raginawanti
Published: March 2019

Hidroponik NFT (Nutrient Film Technique) merupakan salah satu sistem hidroponik dimana lapisannutrisi yang sangat dangkal disirkulasikan melewati akar tanaman. Sistem hidroponik bergantung pada nutrisianorganik sebagai pemasok unsur hara. Penggunaan pupuk hayati diharapkan dapat mengurangi dosis pupukanorganik yang diaplikasikan pada sistem hidroponik agar lebih efisien. Penelitian ini bertujuan untukmengetahui dosis terbaik kombinasi pupuk hayati dan pupuk anorganik dalam meningkatkan populasi bakteriendofit, kandungan klorofil dan hasil tanaman pakcoy pada hidroponik sistem NFT. Penelitian telahdilaksanakan diLaboratorium Biologi Tanah, Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Padjadjaran, Jatinangor,Sumedang.Percobaan ini menggunakan Rancangan Acak Kelompok (RAK) yang terdiri dari empat perlakuanyaitu 100% Pupuk Anorganikdan 100% Pupuk Hayati + Pupuk Anorganik 100%, 75% dan 50%. Variabel yangdiamati adalah tinggi tanaman, populasi bakteri endofit, kandungan klorofil, hasil tanaman. Hasil penelitianmenunjukkan bahwa pemberian 100% pupuk hayati dan 50% pupuk anorganik dapat mengurangi penggunaanpupuk anorganik hingga 50 % dan berpengaruh terhadap peningkatan populasi bakteri endofit, kandunganklorofil dan hasil tanaman pakcoy pada hidroponik sistem NFT.Kata kunci: bakteri endofit, klorofil, pupuk hayati, hidroponik NFT, pakcoyABSTRACTHydroponics NFT (Nutrient Film Technique) is one of the hydroponic systems where superficial layers ofnutrients are circulated through plant roots. Hydroponic system is depended on anorganic nutrient as nutrientssupplier. The use of biofertilizer was expected to reduce the dosage of inorganic nutrient solution on hydroponicsystem. The aims of this research were to find the best dosage combination biofertilizer and inorganic nutrientsolution on the population of endophytic bacteria, chlorophyll content and yield of pakcoy (Brassica rapa L) onhydroponic NFT system. The research has been conducted at Soil Biology Laboratory of Faculty of AgriculturePadjadjaran University, Jatinangor, Sumedang Regency. The design experiment was randomized blockdesignwhich consisted offour combinationthat was 100% inorganic nutrients and 100% biofertilizer + inorganicnutrients 100%, 75% and 50%. The variables observed were plant height, population of endophytic bacteria,chlorophyll content, plant yields. The results showed that 100% biofertilizer and 50% anorganic nutrition canreduce usage inorganic nutrients up to 50% and take effect on population of endophytic bacteria, chlorophyllcontent and yield of pakcoy (Brassica rapa L) on hydroponic NFT system.Keywords: endophytic bacteria, chlorophyll, biofertilizer, NFT hydroponic, pakcoy
PENGARUH KOMBINASI NUTRISI ANORGANIK DAN PUPUK HAYATI TERHADAP POPULASI Azotobacter sp, KANDUNGAN KLOROFIL, SERAPAN N, DAN HASIL TANAMAN TOMAT PADA SISTEM HIDROPONIK
Authors: Afrilandha Nandha , Setiawati Mieke Rochimi
Published: March 2019

Budidaya hidroponik belum efisien untuk digunakan, salah satu penyebabnya adalah tingginya kebutuhannutrisi. Pemanfaatan pupuk hayati diharapkan bias mengefisiensikan penggunaan nutrisi dan meningkatkanproduktivitas tanaman tomat Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui pengaruh kombinasi nutrisi anorganik danpupuk hayati terhadap populasi Azotobacter sp, serapan N, kandungan klorofil, dan hasil tanaman tomat padasistem hidroponik. Penelitian ini dilakukan pada bulan Agustus – November 2017 di Rumah Kaca KebunPercobaan Ciparanje Universitas Padjadjaran, Jatinangor, Kabupaten Sumedang, Jawa Barat. Metode penelitianini menggunakan rancangan acak kelompok (RAK). Kombinasi perlakuan terdiri atas rekomendasi nutrisianorganik dengan konsentrasi 100%, 75%, dan 50% dan rekomendasi pupuk hayati 100%, 75%, 50%, dan 25%.Variabel yang diamati meliputi populasi Azotobacter sp, kandungan klorofil, serapan N, jumlah buah tomat danbobot buah tomat. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa tidak terdapat pengaruh nyata pemberian nutrisianorganik dan pupuk hayati terhadap populasi Azotobacter sp, kandungan klorofil, serapan N, serta hasil tanamantomat. Pemberian perlakuan 50% nutrisi Anorganik + 100% pupuk hayati dapat meningkatkan bobot buah sebesar40% dibandingkan pemberian 100% nutrisi anorganik.Kata kunci: Azotobacter sp., klorofil, nutrisi anorganik, hydroponik, tomatABSTRACTHydroponic cultivation is not efficient because of its high demand for nutrients. Therefore, the utilizationof inorganic nutrients and biofertilizer is expected to improve the efficiency of nutrients uptake and increase theproductivity. The aim of research was to determine the effect of combination of inorganic nutrient dosage andbiofertilizer on the population of Azotobacter sp, N uptakes, chlorophyll content, and yield of tomatoes plantinhydroponic systems. This experiment was conducted on August - November 2017 at GreenhouseExperimentGarden Ciparanje Padjadjaran University, Jatinangor, Sumedang Regency, West Java. This research methodused Randomized Block Design (RBD). The treatment combination consisted of dosage recommendation ofinorganic nutrition with 100%, 75% and 50% concentrations, and 100%, 75%, 50%, and 25% of biofertilizer. Thevariables observed included the population of Azotobacter sp, chlorophyll content, N uptake, number of tomatoesand weight of tomatoes. The result of this study indicated that the effect of application both, inorganic nutrientsand biofertilizer did not significantly affect the population of Azotobacter sp, chlorophyll content, N uptakes, andyield of tomatoes. The application of 50% Inorganic nutrition + 100% of biofertilizer increased fruit weight by40% compared to 100% of inorganic nutrients.Keywords: Azotobacter sp., chlorophyll, biofertilizer, hydroponic, tomato
Metabolite Profiling of Three Curcuma Species (Zingiberaceae) Based on H-NMR Spectroscopy
Authors: Wahyuni Dinar Sari Cahyaningrum , Wardianti Mutya Puti , Rinanto Yudi , Marliyana Soerya Dewi
Published: March 2019

Genus Curcuma, Zingiberaceae, is a typical medicinal plant in tropical region especially in Indonesia. It has been studied to have antioxidant, antimicrobial, antitumor, anti-inflammatory and anticancer activities. However, little knowledge of the metabolic profile both primary and secondary metabolites have been reported. Thus, this study aims to investigate metabolic profiling both primary and secondary metabolites simultaneously in the Curcuma species based on proton nuclear magnetic resonance (1H-NMR) spectroscopy. The present work applied metabolomic study which measured the qualitative and quantitative characteristic metabolites. The Curcuma species, Curcuma aeruginosa Roxb., Curcuma xanthorrhiza Roxb., and Curcuma longa L., collected from Nguter, Sukoharjo, Indonesia. Two-dimensional (2D)-NMR techniques were applied to further identify a number of different types of compounds. Multivariate data analysis such as Principal Component Analysis (PCA) applied to reveal differences among species. A clear difference occurred among 3 Curcuma species. Primary metabolites responsible for the discrimination are alanine (C. xanthorrhiza Roxb. was 3.78 times higher than in C. longa L), sugars (C. xanthorrhiza Roxb. were 6.03 and 3.81 times higher in C. aeruginosa Roxb. and C. longa L. respectively). Besides, secondary metabolites which differed among 3 species are curcumin (C. xanthorrhiza Roxb. were 38.25 and 25 times higher than in C. aeruginosa Roxb.) and xanthorrhizol (C. longa L. were 62 and 44.4 times higher than in C aeruginosa Roxb.).
Pembuatan Ca-Mg-Al Hydrotalcite-like compound dari Brine Water untuk menjerap Cr(VI)
Authors: Heraldy Eddy , Pramono Edi , Aprilliaa Yohana Gita
Published: March 2019

Pembuatan Ca-Mg-Al hydrotalcite-like compound (HTlc) dengan metode kopresipitasi telah dilakukan. Hydrotalcite-like yang terbentuk dikarakterisasi dengan X-ray Diffraction (XRD), Fourier Transform Infra Red (FTIR), Surface Area Analyzer (SAA) dan digunakan sebagai adsorben Cr(VI). Hasil karakterisasi XRD menunjukkan adanya nilai d 7,54 Å pada sudut 2 theta 11,73º yang merupakan ciri hydrotalcite dengan interlayer karbonat. Hasil ini diperkuat dengan adanya gugus hidroksi pada daerah bilangan gelombang IR sekitar 3441 cm-1 serta gugus karbonat pada 1361 cm-1. Proses adsorpsi Cr(VI) dengan menggunakan Ca-Mg-Al hydrotalcite-like menunjukkan kondisi optimum pada pH 3 dan waktu kontak 20 menit. Kinetika adsoprsi Cr(VI) oleh Ca-Mg-Al hydrotalcite-like cenderung mengikuti persamaan kinetika pseudo second order dan isoterm adsorpsinya mengikuti model isoterm Langmuir. Kapasitas adsorpsi maksimum Cr(VI) menggunakan Ca-Mg-Al hydrotalcite-like lebih besar dibandingkan menggunakan hydrotalcite komersial. Pita spektra FTIR setelah adsorpsi Cr(VI) menunjukkan ion kromium terserap ke dalam Ca-Mg-Al hydrotalcite-like compound.

Synthesis of Ca-Mg-Al Hydrotalcite-like compound from Brine Water for Cr(VI) removal. The synthesis of Ca-Mg-Al hydrotalcite-like compound (Htlc) with a coprecipitation method had been done. Hydrotalcite-like product was characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infra red (FTIR), surface area analyzer (SAA) and was used as an adsorbent of Cr(VI). The XRD characterization result indicates a value of d 7.54 Å at 2 theta 11.73º, which is a characteristic of hydrotalcite with carbonate interlayer. These results are confirmed by the presence of a hydroxy group at wavenumber of IR around 3441 cm-1 and carbonate groups in the 1361 cm-1. The adsorption of Cr(VI) using the Ca-Mg-Al hydrotalcite-like showed the optimum conditions at pH 3 and 20 minutes contact time. The adsorption kinetic of Cr(VI) by Ca-Mg-Al hydrotalcite-like tends to follow the pseudo second order equation and the adsorption isotherm tends to follow the Langmuir model. The maximum adsorption capacity of Cr(VI) using the Ca-Mg-Al hydrotalcite-like is greater than that of using commercial hydrotalcite. Morever, the FTIR spectra analyzed after Cr(VI) adsorption indicates that chromium ion was adsorbed into of Ca-Mg-Al hydrotalcite-like compound.
Joinpoint Trend Analysis of Infant Mortality Disparities in Wisconsin, 1999–2016
Authors: Gennuso Keith P. , Kindig David A. , Givens Marjory L.
Published: March 2019

Objectives. To address shortcomings of previous research exploring trends in racial, educational, and race by educational disparities in infant mortality rates (IMRs) by using nonlinear methods to compare improvement within and between disparity domains.

Methods. We used joinpoint regression modeling to perform a cross-sectional analysis of IMR trends from linked birth and death certificates in Wisconsin between 1999 and 2016.

Results. In the race and education domains, IMR decreased by 1.9% per year for infants of White mothers and 1.1% per year for infants of less-educated mothers. Further analysis showed these IMR reductions to be among infants of White mothers with more education (–0.6%/year) and Black mothers with less education (–2.0%/year).

Conclusions. As previously reported, gaps in IMR by race and education in Wisconsin appear to be closing; however, only the change by education is statistically significant. Evidence suggests the racial divide in IMR might soon widen after years of progress in reducing IMR among infants of Black mothers.

Public Health Implications. Those advancing strategies to address IMR disparities should pursue data and methods that provide the most accurate and refined information about the challenges that persist and progress that has been realized.
Evidence-Based Public Health Provided Through Local Health Departments: Importance of Academic–Practice Partnerships
Authors: Erwin Paul Campbell , Parks Renee G. , Mazzucca Stephanie , Allen Peg , Baker Elizabeth A. , Hu Hengrui , Davis-Joyce Johnnetta , Brownson Ross C.
Published: March 2019

Objectives. To determine the extent to which US local health departments (LHDs) are engaged in evidence-based public health and whether this is influenced by the presence of an academic health department (AHD) partnership.

Methods. We surveyed a cross-sectional stratified random sample of 579 LHDs in 2017. We ascertained the extent of support for evidence-based decision-making and the use of evidence-based interventions in several chronic disease programs and whether the LHD participated in a formal, informal, or no AHD partnership.

Results. We received 376 valid responses (response rate 64.9%). There were 192 (51.6%) LHDs with a formal, 80 (21.6%) with an informal, and 99 (26.7%) with no AHD partnership. Participants with formal AHD partnerships reported higher perceived organizational supports for evidence-based decision-making and interventions compared with either informal or no AHD partnerships. The odds of providing 1 or more chronic disease evidence-based intervention were significantly higher in LHDs with formal AHD partnerships compared with LHDs with no AHD partnerships (adjusted odds ratio = 2.3; 95% confidence interval = 1.3, 4.0).

Conclusions. Formal academic–practice partnerships can be important means for advancing evidence-based decision-making and for implementing evidence-based programs and policies.
The Jamkhed Comprehensive Rural Health Project and the Alma-Ata Vision of Primary Health Care
Authors: Perry Henry B. , Rohde Jon
Published: March 2019

The Jamkhed Comprehensive Rural Health Project (Jamkhed CRHP) was established in central India in 1970. The Jamkhed CRHP approach, developed by Rajanikant and Mabelle Arole, was instrumental in influencing the concepts and principles embedded in the 1978 Declaration of Alma-Ata.

The Jamkhed CRHP pioneered provision of services close to people’s homes, use of health teams (including community workers), community engagement, integration of services, and promotion of equity, all key elements of the declaration. The extraordinary contributions that the Jamkhed CRHP has made as it approaches its 50th anniversary need to be recognized as the world celebrates the 40th anniversary of the International Conference on Primary Health Care and the writing of the declaration.

We describe the early influence of the Jamkhed CRHP on the declaration as well as the work at Jamkhed, its notable influence in improving the health of the people it has served and continues to serve, the remarkable contributions it has made to training people from around India and the world, and its remarkable influences on programs and policies in India and beyond.
Parental Leave, Lactation, and Childcare Policies at Top US Schools of Public Health
Authors: Morain Stephanie , Schoen Lauren , Marty Makenna , Schwarz Eleanor Bimla
Published: March 2019

Objectives. To describe policies related to parental leave, breastfeeding, and childcare for faculty and staff at top schools of public health in the United States.

Methods. We identified the top 25 schools of public health from the US News and World Report rankings. We reviewed each institutional Web site to identify publicly available policies as of July 2018.

Results. For birth mothers, 80% (20/25) of the schools provided paid childbearing leave to faculty (mean = 8.2 weeks), and 48% (12/25) provided paid childbearing leave for staff (mean = 5.0 weeks). For nonbirth parents, 68% (17/25) provided paid parental leave for faculty and 52% (13/25) for staff (range = 1–15 weeks). We found that 64% (16/25) of the schools had publicly available lactation policies, and 72% (18/25) of the schools had at least 1 university-run on-campus childcare center.

Conclusions. The majority of top US schools of public health provide paid leave to faculty birth mothers. However, most schools fall short of the 14 weeks recommended by the American Public Health Association.
Souped-Up Search Engines Wrangle Drilling, Completions Data
Authors: Zborowski Matt
Published: March 2019

The upstream industry’s pervasive struggle to account for and make use of its data has become almost cliché. But it is a reality—even though the industry is now multiple years into its digitalization phase.

Among the many entrepreneurs and researchers coming up with solutions, two entities have leveraged data donations from big operators in an effort to make data access as quick and easy as a Google search.

A big operator, which may have interests in basins all over the world, adds terabytes upon terabytes of data from its wells each day to the generations of data it has already accumulated over decades. These large, disparate sets of information come both structured and unstructured from a variety of sources. Interpretations of those records can vary depending on the terminology used by the faceless person or program that put them together.

Externally, a large portion of operator data is still stowed in a disorganized manner on servers owned by multiple electronic drilling recorder providers, observed Pradeep Ashok, senior research scientist in the drilling and rig automation group at the University of Texas’s Hildebrand Department of Petroleum and Geosystems Engineering, one of the entities tackling this problem.

Operators can download the data, view the data through a web interface, and perform analysis locally. But the more ideal option would be to have all the data readily accessible in a data store within the company. 

Internally, in many cases, data sit in different silos within a company, spread across different physical locations. And the people who work with that data are not static entities: When the downturn hit a few years ago and layoffs occurred, gobs of data were left stranded. Opera-tors are still trying to account for that lost information.

Unless companies implement “a system that can deal with the volume of data created every day, they will continue to be challenged,” said Frank Perez, chief executive officer of Sfile, a software firm that has set out to help operators make the most of their data.

Perez noted an instance when an operator asked Sfile to train its system to identify and collect all of the company’s hydraulic fracturing pump curves and transform them into a normalized data feature set. The operator initially estimated that it had 10,000 pump curves, but, after Sfile got a hold of its data, it determined that the company actually had 65,000. “We were able to facilitate a massive database of pressure information that was used to basically build a new reservoir model,” he said. “It was just something that they didn’t even expect they had.”

It is a common trend observed by Perez: Companies have way more data than they realize, and the possibilities that come with leveraging that data are endless. But those companies first need to be able to harness the data they know they have.
Compositional Simulation of CO2 Huff ’n’ Puff in Eagle Ford Tight Oil Reservoirs With CO2 Molecular Diffusion, Nanopore Confinement, and Complex Natural Fractures
Authors: Yu Wei , Zhang Yuan , Varavei Abdoljalil , Sepehrnoori Kamy , Zhang Tongwei , Wu Kan , Miao Jijun
Published: March 2019

Although numerous studies proved the potential of carbon dioxide (CO2) huff ’n’ puff, relatively few models exist to comprehensively and efficiently simulate CO2 huff ’n’ puff in a way that considers the effects of molecular diffusion, nanopore confinement, and complex fractures for CO2. The objective of this study was to introduce a numerical compositional model with an embedded-discrete-fracture-model (EDFM) method to simulate this process in an actual Eagle Ford tight oil well. Through nonneighboring connections (NNCs), the EDFM method can properly and efficiently handle any complex fracture geometries. We built a 3D reservoir model with six fluid pseudocomponents. We performed history-matching with measured flow rates and bottomhole pressure (BHP). Good agreements between field data, EDFM, and local grid refinement (LGR) were achieved. However, the EDFM method performed faster than the LGR method. After that, we evaluated the CO2-enhanced-oil-recovery (EOR) effectiveness for molecular diffusion and nanopore confinement effects. The traditional phase equilibrium calculation was modified to calculate the critical fluid properties with nanopore confinement. The simulation results showed that the CO2 EOR with larger diffusion coefficients performed better than the primary production. In addition, both effects were favorable for the CO2 huff ’n’ puff effectiveness. The relative increase of cumulative oil production after 20 years was approximately 12% for this well. Furthermore, when considering complex natural fractures, the relative increase of cumulative oil production was approximately 8%. This study provided critical insights into a better understanding of the impacts of CO2 molecular diffusion, nanopore confinement, and complex natural fractures on well performance during the CO2-EOR process in tight oil reservoirs.
Sequential Fluid Characterization: A New Method Using High-Field-Core Nuclear Magnetic Resonance To Characterize Source-Rock Porosity and Fluids
Authors: Boyce M. L. , Gawankar K..
Published: March 2019

A Sand Wash Basin well was drilled for an unconventional target for which the measured core properties did not match production for the well. The crushed-rock porosity for the core suggested a bulk-volume hydrocarbon (BVH) of 1.5 to 2.0 p.u., indicating that the stimulation would have to be draining at approximately 400 ft vertically. To resolve this incongruity for further field development, we investigated the validity of crushed-rock porosity and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) to accurately assess the resource. Initial results using conventional 2-MHz core NMR yielded results similar to those for crushed-rock porosity. Because unconventional rocks have very fast relaxations in NMR, it was then theorized that with the use of a high-resolution 20-MHz machine, the signal/noise ratio would improve and create a more-accurate quantification of porosity components. The results of using a high-resolution 20-MHz NMR showed a porosity increase from 6.5 p.u. using the Gas Research Institute (GRI) methodology (Luffel et al. 1992) to 14 p.u. on an as-received sample, creating a large increase for in-place calculations. As a result, a process termed sequential fluid characterization (SFC) was developed using high-resolution 20-MHz NMR to quantify all components of porosity (i.e., movable fluid, capillary-bound water, clay-bound water, heavy hydrocarbon, residual hydrocarbon, and free water). This method represents an alternative to crushed-rock methodologies (such as GRI and tight rock analysis) that will accurately quantify movable porosity as well as the other components without the errors introduced by cleaning and crushing. After investigating the application of SFC with the high-resolution 20-MHz NMR, it was identified that other unconventional plays (such as Marcellus and Fayetteville) have an average of 45% uplift on in-place calculations using SFC-based movable porosity. Identifying in-place volumes correctly can vastly improve the characterization of fields and prospects for unconventional-resource development, and, as is shown in this paper, SFC can be used to do so with a great effect on volume assessment in unconventional reservoirs.
Network-Constrained Production Optimization by Means of Multiple Shooting
Authors: Silva Thiago Lima , Codas Andrés , Stanko Milan , Camponogara Eduardo , Foss Bjarne
Published: March 2019

A methodology is proposed for the production optimization of oil reservoirs constrained by gathering systems. Because of differences in scale and simulation tools, production optimization involving oil reservoirs and gathering networks typically adopts standalone models for each domain. Although some reservoir simulators allow the modeling of inflow-control devices (ICDs) and deviated wells, the handling of gathering-network constraints is still limited. The disregard of such constraints might render unfeasible operational plans with respect to the gathering facilities, precluding their application in real-world fields. We propose using multiple shooting (MS) to handle the output constraints from the gathering network in a scalable way. MS allowed the handling of multiple output constraints because it splits the prediction horizon into several smaller intervals, enabling the use of decomposition and parallelization techniques. The novelty of this work lies in the coupling of reservoir and network models, and in the exploitation of the problem structure to cope with multiple network constraints. An explicit coupling of reservoir and network models is used to avoid the extra burden of converging the equations of the integrated system at every timestep. Instead, the inconsistencies between reservoir and network flows and pressures are modeled as constraints in the optimization formulation. Hence, all constraints regarding both reservoir and network equations are consistent at the convergence of the algorithm. The integrated-production-optimization problem is solved with a reduced sequential quadratic programming (SQP) (RSQP) algorithm, which is an efficient gradient-based optimization method. The MS ability to handle such constraints is assessed by a simulation analysis performed in a two-phase black-oil reservoir producing to a gathering network equipped with electrical submersible pumps (ESPs). The results showed that the method is suitable to handle complex and numerous network constraints. Because of the nonconvex nature of the control-optimization problem, a heuristic procedure was developed to obtain a feasible initial solution for the integrated-production system. Further, a case study compared long-term optimization with short-term practices, where the latter yielded a lower net present value (NPV), arguably because it could not anticipate early water-front arrivals.
ENHANCING QUALITY OF EDUCATION: A CASE STUDY ON AN INTERNATIONAL ISLAMIC SCHOOL
Authors: Rafikul Islam  , Ibrahim Mohd. Haidoub  , Kazi Md. Tarique
Published: March 2019

Private secondary schools that want to gain a competitive edge need to search for effective and creative ways to attract, retain, and foster stronger relationships with students. The decision of selecting a school by the parents for their kids is based on a multitude of factors that differ from one society to another depending on its culture, economic status, religion, and others. The objective of the present research is to identify and prioritise the factors that can enhance the quality of education in an international Islamic school located in Kuala Lumpur from parents’ perspective. The researchers employed both qualitative and quantitative approaches for data collection. The qualitative data were collected through interviewing 10 parents whose kids are currently enrolled in the school, while the quantitative data were collected through a questionnaire survey based on the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP). A thematic analysis and AHP were used for analysing the qualitative and quantitative data, respectively. Findings from the thematic analysis resulted in 19 factors; however, only 8 factors with higher frequency were selected to represent the factors expected to enhance the quality of education. The AHP analysis resulted in prioritising these eight factors according to parents’ judgements. The results show that the Islamic environment represents the most desired factor, followed by quality of teachers and school discipline.