bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Ist die globalisierte Gesellschaft noch zu retten? ⇒ Systemdynamisch: „Pole in der rechten s-Halbebene“
Authors: Welfonder Ernst
Published: October 2019

Seit Beginn der Industrialisierung haben sich weltweit drei dominierende Eigendynamiken herausgebildet, nämlich die technisch-/wirtschaftliche, die ökologische und die demographische ED.

Der verbreitete Einsatz der Rechentechnik sowie das Aufkommen der Automatisierung treiben den Fortschritt immer schneller voran und führen dazu, dass die drei Eigendynamiken – wie quantitativ dargelegt wird – ab 1950 steil ansteigen, d. h. erst seit gut zwei Generationen.

Zum Wohle unserer Kinder und Kindeskinder ist ein weltweites Umdenken zwingend erforderlich. Hierzu bedarf es u. a. vielschichtiger staatlicher Maßnahmen zur Erzielung einer nachhaltigen Entwicklung sowie zur Anhebung des Lebensstandards in den Entwicklungsländern.
Influence of Human Serum Albumin Glycation on the Binding Affinities for Natural Flavonoids
Authors: Liu Liangliang , Liu Yi , Xiao Aiping , Mei Shiyong , Xie Yixi
Published: October 2019

Increasing the degree of glycation in diabetes could affect the ability of plasma proteins in binding to small molecules and active compounds. In this study, the influence of glycation of Human serum albumin (HSA) on the binding affinities for six dietary flavonoids was investigated by fluorescence spectra. Glycated HSA was prepared through incubation with glucose and characterized by several methods to confirm the glycation. It was found that the level of glycation increased with the increasing incubation time. The glycation of HSA increased the binding affinities for flavonoids by 1.40 to 48.42 times, which indicates that modifications caused by the glycation may have different influences on the interactions of flavonoids with HSA at separate binding sites on this protein. These results are valuable for understanding the influence of diabetes on the metabolism of flavonoids and other bioactive small molecules in human body.
Designing a university seminar to professionalize prospective teachers for digitization in chemistry education
Authors: Zimmermann Franziska , Melle Insa
Published: October 2019

The legal obligation to implement digital tools in teaching and learning at all German schools poses a challenge to all teachers since the majority of teachers feel that they are not well enough prepared to meet the requirements. It is therefore of great importance to professionalize both teaching staff and prospective teachers for implementing digital tools effectively and appropriately. Therefore, within this project we develop and evaluate an innovative university seminar that aims at the professionalization of prospective teachers for digitization in chemistry education by providing the requisite skills. The study is an intervention study that tests the interventions’ effects by using repeated measures. In reference to the TPACK (technological pedagogical content knowledge) model, we explore the potential implications of the seminar to the future teachers’ teaching practices on the levels of self-efficacy, lesson planning and practical implementation. Consequently, this study does not only reflect one important area of teaching practice, but consists of a comprehensive analysis of TPACK knowledge. Additionally, the study also aims to determine potential implications for other teaching programs. The first results of the pilot study show that the seminar participants assess the seminar as very attractive. Moreover, the seminar participation led to a significant positive change regarding the prospective teachers’ attitudes towards the implementation of digital tools in chemistry lessons as well as their TPACK self-efficacy perceptions.
From Doing to Thinking: Developing the Entrepreneurial Mindset through Scaffold Assignments and Self-Regulated Learning Reflection
Authors: Bosman Lisa
Published: October 2019

Engineer, innovators, and designers play a critical role in the economy by addressing pressing problems and creating solutions that are new and innovative. It is a role that involves technical skills but also requires curiosity, an ability to connect pieces of knowledge to discover solutions, and a focus on value creation – which are all characteristic of the entrepreneurial mindset. There are many different design-focused frameworks that can be used to enhance the entrepreneurial mindset; this study focuses on four of them: systems thinking, design thinking, the value proposition canvas, and the business model canvas. The purpose of this paper is to highlight a new approach to developing the entrepreneurial mindset that goes beyond the proverbial “checking boxes” to providing an approach for demonstrating the integration of doing (artifact development) and thinking (reflection). This innovative and experimental approach offers two unique attributes. First, it is a scaffold in that instruction of each of the four modules builds on the other, further enhancing and grounding the learning experience. Second, students are required to continuously reflect on the process. This encourages students to think about learning in a holistic manner, allowing the ability to connect classroom learning with specific current and future utility. The findings suggest that students were able to recognize why the design-focused frameworks and learning activities were important outside of the classroom, particularly in relation to workforce preparation and securing future employment.
D. H. Lawrence’s Etruscan Seduction
Authors: Michelucci Stefania
Published: October 2019

Sketches of Etruscan Placesis especially important among D. H. Lawrence’s later works not only because it is the work that completes the image of a restless, indefatigable traveler looking for a new gospel in old cultures and in faraway countries, but also because it offers stimulating and surprisingly modern reflections on the relationship between dominant and subordinate cultures.For centuries historians, archaeologists, linguists and scholars had tried to penetrate the mystery of the Etruscans in order to explain their origin, interpret their symbols and read their language. Lawrence attempted to give his own interpretation of that ancient mysterious world as he viewed the Etruscans as the symbol of a lost vitality. His interpretation of this lost civilization insists on the “manipulation of cultural heritage,” which anticipates ideas expressed by Ronald Barthes inMythologies(1957). As a result, Lawrence undermines traditional views of Etruscan civilization as vassal to Greek and Roman civilization and defends its individuality. Finally, Lawrence anticipates post-colonial ideas by deconstructing the centrality of the Western historical and cultural system of values and reconstructing, although partially, the non-canonical multiplicity of ethnic separateness.
Verortung in einer mobilen Welt. Zum Zusammenhang zwischen Kirchenzehnt und der Einhegung von Mobilität im Karolingerreich
Authors: Patzold Steffen
Published: October 2019

Der Beitrag beleuchtet Formen von Mobilität und ihrer Einhegung im Reich der Karolinger. Er argumentiert, dass aus dem Streben nach gottgefälliger „Correctio“ möglichst aller Menschen heraus Karl der Große und seine Eliten des Frankenreichs um 800 das jahrhundertealte Zehntgebot neu regelten. Während es zuvor möglich gewesen war, den Zehnten an eine Kirche der eigenen Wahl abzuführen, band Karl bald nach seiner Kaiserkrönung den Zehnten systematisch an die zuständige Taufkirche, in der die Menschen zugleich auch die Predigt hören und die weiteren Sakramente empfangen sollten. Diese Reallokation des Zehnten – die zunächst wohl dazu diente, diese Taufkirchen materiell besser auszustatten – hatte bemerkenswerte Folgen für die Gesellschaft des Karolingerreiches, die essentiell auf Mobilität im Raum angewiesen war. Die Maßnahme definierte nämlich „Pole“ im Raum, an denen Menschen aus Sicht der Obrigkeit verortet waren und deshalb auch verlässlich zur Verantwortung gezogen werden konnten.
Student Nurses’ Perceptions About Older People
Authors: Dahlke Sherry , Davidson Sandra , Duarte Wisnesky Uira , Kalogirou Maya R. , Salyers Vince , Pollard Cheryl , Fox Mary T. , Hunter Kathleen F. , Baumbusch Jennifer
Published: October 2019

Educating nursing students about the ageing population is situated within negative societal, heath care and nursing perceptions. A cross-sectional design using Burbank’s perceptions towards older people scale was used to survey students in a pre-licensure nursing program in western Canada. Findings revealed that students’ perceptions about older people were lower in the third year of the nursing program and after four clinical experiences. We suggest that students’ first experiences in long-term care settings, in which they learn to provide basic care to older people, be balanced with experiences of older people in a variety of settings. Such experiences would allow students to develop the knowledge and skill needed to work with an ageing population with complex healthcare needs. More research is needed to better understand students’ experiences and perceptions about where in the program more learning strategies about how to best work with older people would be helpful.
Student Perception of the Flipped Classroom in Nursing Education
Authors: Hessler Karen Lee
Published: October 2019

As nurse educators consider new pedagogy for teaching nursing, the students’ views and perceptions must be considered. Many studies and commentaries have been written to date on the flipped classroom in nursing education, but few have used research methods to tease out student views of this teaching approach. The purpose of this study was to investigate student perceptions of the flipped classroom using a phenomenological approach. Students who had experienced traditional lecture instruction and the flipped classroom in the same semester were asked about their perceptions and comparisons of the two instructional methods. Qualitative analysis of fifteen individual interviews and two focus groups revealed seven themes, each encompassing a rich data set to inform nurse educators about student perceptions of the flipped classroom. This research informs educators on the effects of launching innovative teaching and learning strategies while considering the audience within the classroom.
Making the most of MOGUL: Reflections on interlanguage in childhood language disorders
Authors: Foster-Cohen Susan H.
Published: October 2019

Interlanguage is a concept that is manifest in any trajectory of language change in a learner: typical first language, second language or language disorder. To understand those trajectories we need a rich psychological model of what creates them. This paper applies one such model–Sharwood Smith and Truscott’s Modular On-Line Growth and Use of Language model (MOGUL)–to childhood developmental language disorders, and suggests that the model’s components of language processing and their interaction shed significant light on why children with a wide range of different language disorders exhibit the language behaviours that are the characteristic of their diagnoses. Following a brief summary of the MOGUL model, the paper explores the impact on language development of differences in sensori-motor input, in the functioning of the various modules and the interfaces between them, and in the storage and activation of memory. Like Relevance Theory, with which the paper makes a direct connection, MOGUL encourages one to take a view of developmental language disorder as emerging from the same set of psychological resources as typical development (first or second) but as being the result of adjustments to, or compensations for, differences in how the various modules function and connect with each other.
Cross-linguistic influence in bilingual productions of the English past tense in Arabic heritage speakers of Australian English
Authors: Mailhammer Robert , Zeidan Ronia
Published: October 2019

This paper examines cross-linguistic influence in morphology among adult monolingual and heritage speakers (Arabic-English and Chinese-English). Participants performed a task requiring them to form past tenses for English nonce words. Arabic-English bilinguals produced significantly more vowel change past tenses than either English monolinguals or Chinese-English bilinguals. We attribute the preponderance of vowel change past tenses to cross-linguistic influence of Arabic, as vowel change is a dominant morphological property in Arabic but not in English or Chinese. These results support dynamic models of bilingualism with constantly active and interacting languages and contribute to the phenomenology of crosslinguistic interference.
Heterosynaptic GABABReceptor Function within Feedforward Microcircuits Gates Glutamatergic Transmission in the Nucleus Accumbens Core
Authors: Manz Kevin M. , Baxley Andrew G. , Zurawski Zack , Hamm Heidi E. , Grueter Brad A.
Published: October 2019

Complex circuit interactions within the nucleus accumbens (NAc) facilitate goal-directed behavior. Medium spiny neurons (MSNs) mediate NAc output by projecting to functionally divergent brain regions, a property conferred, in part, by the differential projection patterns of D1- and D2 dopamine receptor-expressing MSNs. Glutamatergic afferents to the NAc direct MSN output by recruiting feedforward inhibitory microcircuits comprised of parvalbumin (PV)-expressing interneurons (INs). Furthermore, the GABABheteroreceptor (GABABR), a Gi/o-coupled G-protein-coupled receptor, is expressed at glutamatergic synapses throughout the mesolimbic network, yet its physiological context and synaptic mechanism within the NAc remains unknown. Here, we explored GABABR function at glutamatergic synapses within PV-IN-embedded microcircuits in the NAc core of male mice. We found that GABABR is expressed presynaptically and recruits a noncanonical signaling mechanism to reduce glutamatergic synaptic efficacy at D1(+) and D1(−) (putative D2) MSN subtypes. Furthermore, PV-INs, a robust source of neuronal GABA in the NAc, heterosynaptically target GABABR to selectively modulate glutamatergic transmission onto D1(+) MSNs. These findings elucidate a new mechanism of feedforward inhibition and refine mechanisms by which GABABheteroreceptors modulate mesolimbic circuit function.

SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTGlutamatergic transmission in the nucleus accumbens (NAc) critically contributes to goal-directed behaviors. However, intrinsic microcircuit mechanisms governing the integration of these synapses remain largely unknown. Here, we show that parvalbumin-expressing interneurons within feedforward microcircuits heterosynaptically target GABABheteroreceptors (GABABR) on glutamate terminals. Activation of presynaptically-expressed GABABR decreases glutamatergic synaptic strength by engaging a non-canonical signaling pathway that interferes with vesicular exocytotic release machinery. These findings offer mechanistic insight into the role of GABABheteroreceptors within reward circuitry, elucidate a novel arm to feedforward inhibitory networks, and inform the growing use of GABABR-selective pharmacotherapy for various motivational disorders, including addiction, major depressive disorder, and autism (Cousins et al., 2002; Kahn et al., 2009; Jacobson et al., 2018; Stoppel et al., 2018; Pisansky et al., 2019).
DETERMINATION OF THE FOAMING AND EMULSIFYING PROPERTIES OF LYOPHILIZED WHOLE QUAIL EGG, EGG YOLK AND EGG WHITE
Authors: DURAKLİ VELİOGLU Serap
Published: October 2019

The aim of the study was to
investigate the foaming and emulsifying properties of lyophilized whole quail
egg, egg yolk and egg white. The microstructural properties of oil-in-water
emulsions of egg powders were determined and rheological properties of mayonnaise-like
product produced using egg yolk powder were investigated. The highest foaming
capacity was recorded for egg white powder at all pH levels. Egg yolk powder at 1% dispersion level had
the highest emulsion activity index value (P<0.05).
Micrographs of scanning electron microscope (SEM) proved that the finest
emulsion was prepared using egg yolk powder. Mayonnaise-like product produced
using egg yolk powder exhibited gel-like structure (G’>G”) with shear
thinning behavior. Quail egg yolk powder was successfully used in production of
a product having acceptable rheological properties. Consequently, it was shown
that lyophilized quail egg powders had potential to be used as alternative
foaming and/or emulsifying agents in food products.
Hematopoiesis in aged female mice devoid of thyroid hormone receptors
Authors: Sánchez Ángela , Contreras-Jurado Constanza , Rodríguez Diego , Regadera Javier , Alemany Susana , Aranda Ana
Published: October 2019

Hypothyroidism is often associated with anemia and immunological disorders. Similar defects are found in patients and in mice with a mutated dominant-negative thyroid hormone receptor α (TRα) and in knockout mice devoid of this receptor, suggesting that this isoform is responsible for the effects of the thyroid hormones in hematopoiesis. However, the hematological phenotype of mice lacking also TRβ has not yet been examined. We show here that TRα1/TRβ-knockout female mice, lacking all known thyroid hormone receptors with capacity to bind thyroid hormones, do not have overt anemia and in contrast with hypothyroid mice do not present reduced Gata1 or Hif1 gene expression. Similar to that found in hypothyroidism or TRα deficiency during the juvenile period, the B-cell population is reduced in the spleen and bone marrow of ageing TRα1/TRβ-knockout mice, suggesting that TRβ does not play a major role in B-cell development. However, splenic hypotrophy is more marked in hypothyroid mice than in TRα1/TRβ-knockout mice and the splenic population of T-lymphocytes is not significantly impaired in these mice in contrast with the reduction found in hypothyroidism. Our results show that the overall hematopoietic phenotype of the TRα1/TRβ-knockout mice is milder than that found in the absence of hormone. Although other mechanism/s cannot be ruled out, our results suggest that the unoccupied TRs could have a negative effect on hematopoiesis, likely secondary to repression of hematopoietic gene expression.
Discussing issues of health promotion and research in the context of primary care during the ongoing austerity period: an exploratory analysis from two regions in Greece
Authors: Sbarouni Vicky , Petelos Elena , Kamekis Apostolos , Tzagkarakis Stylianos Ioannis , Symvoulakis Emmanouil K , Lionis Christos
Published: October 2019

Background. In Greece, both Primary Health Care (PHC) system and National Health System (NHS) in general, were plagued by several inefficiencies even prior to the financial crisis; the imposed austerity measures dramatically worsened the level of health provision and access, especially for vulnerable social groups, resulting in an exacerbation of existing disparities and access gaps.

 Aim and methods. The current branch study was conducted in two regions of Greece, namely Crete and Epirus, with the main aim of eliciting responses to gather baseline information regarding crucial PHC-related aspects, using questionnaires with dichotomous questions. Directors or managers (physicians who have been assigned administrative/governance duties), of the Primary Health Care Centres (PHCCs) in two Greek geographic and administrative regions of Crete and Epirus, were invited to participate and to contribute to the investigation of issues on the provision of prevention and health promotion services, e-health topics and primary care research. Thirty directors/managers were approached and twenty-eight agreed to participate. Data processing and analysis of the responses was performed for the completed questionnaires.  

Results. Data analysis did not demonstrate a surprisingly substantial deviation in the average score of positive responses of directors/managers in the PHCCs of Crete in comparison to those of directors/managers in the PHCCs of Epirus. The findings show that several gaps exist in terms of prevention and health promotion resources and activities in both regions, while e-health, electronic health record (EHR) and telemedicine services are poorly developed. 

Conclusion. The study confirms that the Greek PHC is characterized by several inefficiencies, which may affect the quality of the services provided. An overall deficit has been emerged for PHCCs in both regions, a fact that indicates crucial points lacking in terms of overall PHC provision, thus adversely impacting upon living conditions, health quality and prevention.
DAKWAH DI TENGAH PLURALISME AGAMA: Studi Pemikiran Dakwah Inklusif Alwi Shihab
Authors: Masturi Ade
Published: October 2019

Para ahli agama (Islam) sudah banyak merumuskan konsep dakwah yang sejalan dengan nilai-nilai al-Qur’an dan sunnah. Salah satu cendekiawan Muslim yang konsens dengan dakwa Islam inklusif adalah Alwi Shihab. Yang menjadi pertanyaan adalah bagaimana pemikiran Alwi Shihab tentang dakwah di tengah tantangan pluralisme agama? Tulisan ini merupakan hasil penelitian atas karangan Alwi Shihab Islam Inklusif: Menuju Sikap Terbuka dalam Beragama; Islam Sufistik; dan Membendung Arus: Respons Gerakan Muhammadiyah terhadap Penetrasi Misi Kristen di Indonesia. Selain itu juga mengeksplorasi bagaimana penilaian dan pandangan berbagai kalangan melalui tulisan mereka tentang tokoh tersebut.Menurut Alwi Shihab, dakwah di Indonesia harus menentukan prioritasnya. Orientasi kerja dakwah seharusnya diarahkan ke arah perwujudan ummatan washata (umat pertengahan dan berorientas pada kualitas), kemudian untuk menumbuhkan perkembangan kehidupan beragama yang sehat dan damai melalui dialog yang konstruktif. Ada beberapa pokok pikirannya tentang dakwah di tengah pluralisme yakni niat, dipercaya, kata sesuai dengan tindakan. Dakwah harus ditujukan untuk menghidupkan kembali semangat Islam melalui pendidikan yang layak yang menjadikan setiap Muslim duta yang potensial bagi Islam. Menghindari Ekstrimisme dalam penyampaian dakwah. Tasamuh (toleransi), dan ‘adl (keadilan) dan menghormati norma-norma budaya lokal selama budaya tersebut tidak bertentangan dengan ajaran dasar Islam. Para ahli agama (Islam) sudah banyak merumuskan konsep dakwah yang sejalan dengan nilai-nilai al-Qur’an dan sunnah. Salah satu cendekiawan Muslim yang konsens dengan dakwa Islam inklusif adalah Alwi Shihab. Yang menjadi pertanyaan adalah bagaimana pemikiran Alwi Shihab tentang dakwah di tengah tantangan pluralisme agama? Tulisan ini merupakan hasil penelitian atas karangan Alwi Shihab Islam Inklusif: Menuju Sikap Terbuka dalam Beragama; Islam Sufistik; dan Membendung Arus: Respons Gerakan Muhammadiyah terhadap Penetrasi Misi Kristen di Indonesia. Selain itu juga mengeksplorasi bagaimana penilaian dan pandangan berbagai kalangan melalui tulisan mereka tentang tokoh tersebut.Menurut Alwi Shihab, dakwah di Indonesia harus menentukan prioritasnya. Orientasi kerja dakwah seharusnya diarahkan ke arah perwujudan ummatan washata (umat pertengahan dan berorientas pada kualitas), kemudian untuk menumbuhkan perkembangan kehidupan beragama yang sehat dan damai melalui dialog yang konstruktif. Ada beberapa pokok pikirannya tentang dakwah di tengah pluralisme yakni niat, dipercaya, kata sesuai dengan tindakan. Dakwah harus ditujukan untuk menghidupkan kembali semangat Islam melalui pendidikan yang layak yang menjadikan setiap Muslim duta yang potensial bagi Islam. Menghindari Ekstrimisme dalam penyampaian dakwah. Tasamuh (toleransi), dan ‘adl (keadilan) dan menghormati norma-norma budaya lokal selama budaya tersebut tidak bertentangan dengan ajaran dasar Islam.
Pemikiran Dakwah Bediuzzaman Said Nursi
Authors: Amin Edi
Published: October 2019

Tulisan ini membuktikan bahwa pemahaman dan kepatuhan pada nilai-nilai yang terkandung dalam teks panduan, dapat memantapkan suatu gerakan tersebut dalam membangun komunitas. Komunitarianisme global menekankan pentingnya panduan moral, keterbukaan dan partisipasi masyarakat, meskipun nilai-nilai keyakinan satu umat sangat dominan. Said Nursi, mencoba mendialogkan dan menawarkan konsepsi dakwah yang bersumber dari ajaran Islam guna melawan sektarianisme, fanatisme, kediktatoran, penindasan dan menjawab problematika masyarakat modern yang kompleks. Tulisan ini menguatkan teori komunitarian dengan berbasis komunikasi yang telah dibangun oleh Andi Faisal Bakti (2004 dan 2010); Peter Mandaville (2009) tentang gerakan Islam transnasional di Asia Selatan yang bercorak filantropis dan organisasi dakwah; Metin Karabaşoğlu (2003), tentang adanya hubungan antara teks dan komunitas. Disertasi ini menolak pandangan R. J. Ravault (1992) bahwa gerakan keagamaan dan sosial yang bercorak komunitarianisme adalah sektarianisme. Sumber tulisan adalah karya Said Nursi dalam Risale-i Nur yang terbit tahun 2013, buku, jurnal, hasil simposium, hasil musyawarah, dokumentasi, dan seminar.
Teachers’ Voices on the Challenges of the Implementation of Communicative Approach in Regards to the 2013 Curriculum
Authors: Rahmawati Yenni
Published: October 2019

ABSTRACTThe Indonesian ELT current curriculum (the 2013 Curriculum) adopts communicative Approach (CA) as its basis foundation. Despite the fact that this approach has been adopted for some years, some research studies showed that it does not bring any significant improvement to the learner’s outcome. There are several reasons underpinning the failures of the implementation of CA in regards to the 2013 curriculum. This study is, therefore, aimed at investigating the EFL Indonesian teachers’ perspectives on the challenges they faced in the implementation of communicative approach in their classrooms along with the 2013 curriculum. Four participants were involved in this study that were given questionnaires and interviewed for data collection. Qualitative design by case study was used in this study and the results indicated that all teachers in this study encountered challenges when implementing the concept of CA along with the 2013 curriculum, i.e. students’ low motivations, the teachers’ role, the class size, the teachers’ income, and the availability of English materials.ABSTRAKKurikulum Bahasa Inggrisdi Indonesia saat ini (Kurikulum 2013) mengadopsi Pendekatan Komunikatif (CA) sebagai landasan dasarnya. Terlepas dari kenyataan bahwa pendekatan ini telah diadopsi selama beberapa tahun, beberapa penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Pendekatan Komunikatif tidak membawa dampak yang signifikan terhadap hasil pelajar. Ada beberapa alasan yang mendasari kegagalan implementasi CA tersebut terkait kurikulum 2013. Oleh karena itu, penelitian ini bertujuan mengeksplorasi perspektif guru bahasa Inggris di Indonesia tentang tantangan yang mereka hadapi dalam menerapkan pendekatan komunikatif di ruang kelas mereka dalam kerangka kurikulum 2013. Empat peserta terlibat dalam penelitian ini yang diberi kuesioner dan diwawancarai untuk pengumpulan data. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain kualitatif dengan studi kasus dan hasilnya menunjukkan bahwa semua guru dalam penelitian ini menghadapi tantangan ketika menerapkan konsep CA bersama dengan kurikulum 2013, yaitu motivasi siswa, peran guru, 'konten asing' , dan ketersediaan materi bahasa Inggris. How to Cite: Rahmawati, Y. (2019). Teachers’ Voices on the Challenges of the Implementation of Communicative Approach in Regards to the 2013 Curriculum. IJEE (Indonesian Journal of English Education), 6(1), 65-78. doi:10.15408/ijee.v6i1.12761
On an iterative process for the grid conjugation problem with iterations on the boundary of the solution discontinuity
Authors: Lubyshev Fedor V. , Fairuzov Mahmut E.
Published: October 2019

An iterative process for the grid problem of conjugation with iterations on the boundary of the discontinuity of the solution is considered. Similar grid problem arises in difference approximation of optimal control problems for semilinear elliptic equations with discontinuous coefficients and solutions. The study of iterative processes for the states of such problems is of independent interest for theory and practice. The paper shows that the numerical solution of boundary problems of this type can be efficiently implemented using iterations on the inner boundary of the grid solution discontinuity in combination with other iterative methods for nonlinearities separately in each of the grid subregions. It can be noted that problems for states of controlled processes described by equations of mathematical physics with discontinuous coefficients and solutions arise in mathematical modeling and optimization of heat transfer, diffusion, filtration, elasticity theory, etc. The proposed iterative process reduces the solution of the initial grid boundary problem for a state with a discontinuous solution to a solution of two special boundary problems in two grid subdomains at every fixed iteration. The convergence of the iteration process in the Sobolev grid norms to the unique solution of the grid problem for each initial approximation is proved.
Flipped learning en el aula universitaria: aprendizaje acelerado, percepción del proceso de aprendizaje y autoestima del estudiante
Authors: García Gómez Antonio
Published: October 2019

Tanto educadores como psicopedagogos han señalado la necesidad de innovar en el aula en general y en el aula universitaria en concreto. En el caso del aula universitaria, el uso de las nuevas tecnologías y la adopción de nuevos enfoques que permitan atender a la diversidad de grupos numerosos mientras el estudiante se convierte en el motor de su propio proceso deaprendizaje, parecen ser los ejes principales en esa necesidad de invocación. El presente trabajo presenta un estudio de los efectos de la implementación de un enfoque invertido en estudiantes de grado que estudian contenidos en inglés como lengua extranjera. Usando un grupo de control (45 estudiantes) y un grupo experimental (44 estudiantes), los resultadosparecen poner de manifiesto que la enseñanza mediante un enfoque invertido acelera el aprendizaje de los estudiantes. Además, el estudio da evidencias, independientemente de sus resultados académicos, del impacto positivo que este enfoque tiene en la autoestima de los estudiantes.
Optimization and evaluation of textural properties of ultra-filtrated low-fat cheese containing galactomannan and Novagel gum
Authors: Sharafi Sharmineh , Nateghi Leila , Eyvazzade Orang , Ebrahimi Taj Abadi Maryam
Published: October 2019

The general aim of this research was to optimise textural properties and
to evaluate the possibility of producing ultra-filtrated low-fat cheese
(7-9 % (w/w)), containing various concentrations of galactomannan and Novagel (0.1-0.5 % w/w), and assessing textural properties of produced low-fat cheeses and comparing them with full fat ones. According to the results, reducing fat implies increasing the hardness, cohesiveness, gumminess and chewiness of the tested samples. On the other hand, adding
galactomannan gum and Novagel, and increasing their concentration, implies reducing all of the above mentioned textural properties. According to the results, increasing the amount of fat and using galactomannan and Novagel gum, implies increasing the adhesiveness and springiness of the tested treatments. The results showed that textural properties including hardness, adhesiveness, cohesiveness, gumminess and
chewiness, of sample containing 9 % (w/w) fat, 0.5 % (w/w) galactomannan, and 0.3 % (w/w) Novagel were not of significantly different from the control sample and was selected as the superior sample. Multiple optimization of the low-fat cheeses textural properties
via Response Surface Method (RSM) software showed that the treatment containing 9 % (w/w) fat, 0.1 % (w/w) Novagel and 0.46% (w/w) galactomannan fulfils 84 % of desirable properties of a full fat cheese.
EDUKASI ZAT ADITIF MELALUI DEMONSTRASI KIMIA DI SDN BUANGNGARIUNG WADO
Authors: Kulsum Qistholina Dewi , Rouf Sidiq Abdull , Irwansyah Ferli Septi
Published: October 2019

Proses edukasi ini dilakukan karena dilihat dari kondisi umum di Dusun Kampung Baru yang merupakan relokasi dari waduk Jati Gede sehingga keadaan ekonomi rendah yang menunjang banyaknya konsumsi makanan instan yang kadar zat aditifnya tinggi sehingga tujuan edukasi ini agar anak remaja di Dusun Kampung Baru mengetahui bahaya zat aditif yang sering dikonsumsi dalam kehidupan. Sedangkan metode yang digunakan yaitu demonstrasi dan ceramah agar siswa dapat menyimak materi tidak hanya berupa teoritik melainkan aplikatif  dan mudah untuk mengurangi konsumsi zat additive. Hasil dari edukasi ini siswa mengetahui ciri bakso atau makanan lain yang mengandung boraks dengan uji kunyit ditandai perubahan warna pada kertas saring yang telah ditambahkan ekstrak kunyit, dari demonstrasi soda meluncur siswa mengenal reaksi minuman bersoda bila dicampurkan dengan makanan yang bermicin kadar tinggi, akan menimbulkan perut kembung dan gangguan pencernaan.
The Effects of a Family-Centered Future Planning Program Based on Small Group Activities on Self-Efficacy and Independence Competency of Youth with Developmental Disabilities and Ego-Resiliency and Family Empowerment of Their Families
Authors: Jeong Jeehee , Park Jiyeon ,   The Korean Society of Special Education
Published: October 2019

The purpose of this study is to investigate the effects of a family-centered future planning program based on small group activities on self-efficacy and independence competency of youth with developmental disabilities and ego-resiliency and family empowerment of their families. Eighteen youth with developmental disabilities, who received special education services in Gyeonggi Province, South Korea and their families participated in the study (9 families were in an experimental group and the other 9 families were in a control group). The youth and families of the experimental group participated in the program for 12 sessions. An analysis of covariance, independent t-tests and Wilcoxon signed rank tests were conducted to see if there were any differences between the groups and if the intervention effects were maintained five months after the intervention was terminated. A significant difference between the groups was found in the independence competency variable and the effect was maintained for five months. Regarding family empowerment, no intervention effect was found at the point of the post-test, but the latency effect was found at the maintenance test. No significant effect was found in the self-efficacy of the youth and ego-resiliency of the families. This study is significant in that the program encouraged participation of all family members and promoted network-building among families.
Experiences and Perceptions of Team Members in IEP Operation and Support Needs
Authors:   The Korean Society of Special Education, Bae Sunghyun , Park Chanwoo
Published: October 2019

The purpose of this study is to examine the perceptions of the Individualized Education Plan (IEP) they are experiencing, focusing on the parents, early childhood special education teacher, and related service personnel who operate the IEP. This study suggests implications for the direction of the practical IEP. For this purpose, 12 focus group interviews were conducted with parents, early childhood special education teacher, and related service personnel. The collected data were analyzed using the constant comparative method. The study found that there were three main themes, with 17 sub-themes and 57 contents: 1) Experience in implementing IEP, 2) Difficulty of collaboration in implementing IEP, and 3) Improvement of IEP. Parents demanded the improvement of the perception of the administrators and the general education teacher. The early childhood special education teacher wanted a flexible attitude and practical and continuous information system from the relevant experts for the reorganization and collaboration for securing the justification of the IEP in the education field. The related service personnel also emphasized the need for a wide range of support from specialists who can apply special education related services to special education services.
Ozone slows down anthracnose and increases shelf life of papaya fruits
Authors: Silva Neto Osvaldo Pereira da , Pinto Elaine Vasconcelos da Silva , Ootani Márcio Akio , Silva Junior Joel Lima da , Lima Jânia Lilia da Silva Bentes , Sousa Aline Ellen Duarte de
Published: October 2019

Abstract This study investigated the effect of ozone on papaya postharvest conservation, aiming at controlling anthracnose and increasing fruit shelf life. The experiment was conducted at the Laboratory of Product Technology, Federal University of Amazonas, Manaus-AM. Fruits were treated with 0; 0.6; 1.5 and 3.3 ppm ozone and commercial fungicide. They were then stored at room temperature (27 ± 2 °C and 65 ± 5% RH). Incidence, severity, number and size of anthracnose lesions were determined, as well as postharvest quality by assessing shelf life; accumulated and daily fresh mass loss (%), peel color, electrolyte leakage (%), soluble solids (%), titratable acidity (g 100 g-1), soluble solids / titratable acidity ratio, pH and vitamin C (mg 100 g-1). Ozone reduced anthracnose severity in the short (3.3 ppm) and long term (1.5 ppm), making it as effective as a commercial fungicide. Ozone increased shelf life by seven days and maintained the postharvest quality of papaya fruits. Thus, ozone becomes a potential technology for postharvest use as a safe alternative to the use of pesticides in reducing anthracnose and increasing shelf life of papaya fruits.
Optimization of the osmotic dehydration of ginger
Authors: Siqueira Leonardo Pereira de , Sarubbo Leonie Asfora , Shinohara Neide Kazue Sakugawa , Valencia Marcela Sarmento , Cortez Neila Mello Santos , Andrade Samara Alvachian Cardoso
Published: October 2019

ABSTRACT: The present research aimed to optimize the process of osmotic dehydration (OD) of ginger with hypertonic sucrose solution employing response surface methodology. A 23 experimental planning was carried out and 17 experimental assays were performed based on three independent variables (temperature, concentration of the osmotic solution and immersion time) and three dependent variables (moisture loss (ML), solids gain (SG) and dehydration efficiency index (DEI)). The selected assay conditions exhibited the preferred DEI value (the highest ML and lower SG), which were considered in the optimization. Assay 16 demonstrated to be the most favorable conditions for the osmotic dehydration of ginger (DEI =1.61) at 40 40 °C, 50 °Brix and 90 minutes of immersion time. Assay 1 performed at 34 °C, 44 °Brix and 120 minutes of immersion time also displayed desirable response (DEI =1.45). Thus, these two assays were evaluated for the presence of thermal-tolerant coliforms: Bacillus cereus and Salmonella sp.. The analyses presented values below the acceptable limits, which assured high quality hygienic and sanitary conditions of the product.
Pharmacological evaluation of the hydro-alcoholic extract of Campomanesia phaea fruits in rats
Authors: Wczassek L. R. , Pontes V. C. B. , Gamberini M. T.
Published: October 2019

Abstract Campomanesia phaea (Myrtaceae), popularly known as cambuci, is one of several species of plants producing comestible fruits, largely used in human nutrition. Despite its consumption and economic potential, limited scientific research is available on the Campomanesia, especially those related to its therapeutic benefits. It is reported by traditional medicine the use of the plant in the treatment of different disorders, such as cardiovascular and nervous system disturbances. So, the aim of this study was to carry out the pharmacological evaluation of the hydro-alcoholic extract (HAE) of Campomanesia fruits in rats by screening consisting of tests: a) neuropharmacological observation, b) test on the cardiovascular system. The HAE, prepared from the extraction of fruits with water/ethanol, was concentrated and freeze-dried. Behavioral responses in rats were investigated in open field test and the cardiovascular actions were investigated by a register of indirect blood pressure and the register of spontaneous beating rate right atrium. The results revealed that HAE induced grooming, hypotension and bradycardia. So, this study identified an action on the central nervous system, represented by grooming, and a cardiovascular activity of Campomanesia. The hypotension, attributed in part to bradycardia, was not related to a cholinergic effect, discarding a possible cholinomimetic action of the plant that could justify both cardiovascular and central actions.
THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN R&D EXPENSES AND THE ABNORMAL RETURN IN BRAZILIAN FIRMS
Authors: OLIVEIRA AMABELE M. , MAGNANI VINÍCIUS M. , TORTOLI JÚLIA P. , FIGARI ANELISE K. P. , AMBROZINI MARCELO A.
Published: October 2019

ABSTRACT Purpose: This study aims to analyze the relationship between the abnormal return and R&D expenses in Brazilian public firms. Originality/value: The determinants of firms' abnormal return provide information relevant to investors' decision-making. In this context, we verified whether the innovation, measured by R&D expenses, could be a key factor for the abnormal returns in Brazilian firms. Design/methodology/approach: We analyzed Brazilian public firms, from 2009 to 2016, by panel data regressions, in a sample composed by 1,597 firm-year observations. We collected information about R&D expenses in the footnotes. When a firm only mentioned about R&D expenses but did not disclose spent value in the Income Statement, we consider that the firm did not invest in the period and we attribute zero as a value. We highlighted that few firms mentioned R&D expenses in their footnotes and/or declared that they invested in R&D, only 44 firms in all sample, pointing the importance of better disclosure practices of these investments. Findings: The results demonstrate a negative and statistically significant relationship between innovation and the abnormal return. That is, current R&D expenses lead to a lower current abnormal return. It could be linked with the fact that R&D expenses tend to produce returns just in longer periods, demanding more time to recover these investments, due to their complex characteristics related to accounting measurement of R&D expenses. Consequently, an abnormal return could be perceived only in subsequent periods.
Marine microalgae on the southern coast of Bahia, Brazil: composition and new records of phytoplankton species
Authors: Affe Helen Michelle de Jesus , Santos Lorena Petersen Nascimento , Santos Márcio Ferreira dos , Nunes José Marcos de Castro
Published: October 2019

Abstract The phytoplankton community is the first link in the aquatic trophic chain and knowledge of its composition is an important tool for ecological characterization; including as potential indicator of anthropic impacts. The southern coast of Bahia is one of the best preserved parts of the Brazilian coast, however, little is known about its biodiversity, especially on marine phycoflora. With the objective of characterizing the composition of microphytoplankton (> 20 µm) in this region, samples were collected by a horizontal dredger using a plankton net (20 µm mesh size) to study the community composition. Water samples were taken from the subsurface using a Van Dorn bottle in order to analyze phytoplanktonic cell concentration. A total of 149 taxa were identified, distributed in the following phyla: Bacillariophyta, Miozoa, Cyanobacteria, Euglenophyta, Haptophyta, and Ochrophyta. Diatoms (63%) and dinoflagellates (26%) were the most representative groups in the specific composition. 43 new taxonomic occurrences were recorded for the coasts of Bahia, Northeastern Brazilian coast, and Brazilian coast.
The genera Turnera and Piriqueta (Passifloraceae sensu lato) in the state of Pernambuco, Brazil
Authors: Zelenski Andréia , Louzada Rafael
Published: October 2019

Abstract A taxonomic treatment of the genera Turnera and Piriqueta in the state of Pernambuco, northeastern Brazil, is presented. Fourteen species of Turnera and six species of Piriqueta were found in the Atlantic Forest and Caatinga, of which nine are endemic to Brazil. Turnera pernambucensis is threatened and restricted to the Atlantic Forest of Pernambuco, while T. joelii is a new record for the state. The species predominate in steppe savanna and semideciduous seasonal forest, but several of them grow naturally in anthropized areas. Catimbau National Park is the locality with the highest species richness. Tristyly is recorded for the first time in Piriqueta guianensis. Identification keys, descriptions, illustrations, distribution maps, and comments about habitat, flowering, fruiting, and morphological relationships are provided.
Verbenaceae no Parque Estadual da Serra do Papagaio, Minas Gerais, Brasil
Authors: Cardoso Pedro Henrique , Cabral Andressa , Santos-Silva Fernanda , Salimena Fátima Regina Gonçalves
Published: October 2019

Resumo O Parque Estadual da Serra do Papagaio está localizado no sul de Minas Gerais, e faz parte do Complexo da Serra da Mantiqueira, com vegetação representada por campos de altitude, floresta ombrófila densa e floresta ombrófila mista. O presente estudo teve como objetivo realizar um tratamento florístico para Verbenaceae nesta Unidade de Conservação. A família está representada no Parque por dez táxons distribuídos em quatro gêneros: Glandularia (G. lobata var. glabrata e G. phlogiflora), Lantana (L. camara e L. fucata), Lippia (L. lupulina, L. rotundifolia, L. stachyoides var. martiana e L. triplinervis) e Verbena (V. alata e V. hirta). Verbena alata destaca-se como nova ocorrência para o estado de Minas Gerais. Lippia rotundifolia e L. stachyoides var. martiana, comuns na Cadeia do Espinhaço, são registradas pela primeira vez na Serra da Mantiqueira, no domínio Atlântico. São apresentadas chaves de identificação, descrições, ilustrações e comentários ecológicos, taxonômicos e de distribuição geográfica dos táxons.
Prevalence of NRAS Mutation, PD-L1 Expression and Amplification, and Overall Survival Analysis in 36 Primary Vaginal Melanomas
Authors: Wang Hai-Yun , Wu Xiao-Yan , Zhang Xiao , Yang Xin-Hua , Long Ya-Kang , Feng Yan-Fen , Wang Fang
Published: October 2019

Background

Primary vaginal melanomas are uncommon and aggressive tumors with poor prognosis, and the development of new targeted therapies is essential. This study aimed to identify the molecular markers occurring in these patients and potentially improve treatment strategies.

Materials and Methods

The clinicopathological characteristics of 36 patients with primary vaginal melanomas were reviewed. Oncogenic mutations in BRAF, KIT, NRAS, GNAQ and GNA11 and the promoter region of telomerase reverse transcriptase (TERT) were investigated using the Sanger sequencing. The expression and copy number of programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) were also assessed.

Results

Mutations in NRAS, KIT, and TERT promoter were identified in 13.9% (5/36), 2.9% (1/34), and 5.6% (2/36) of the primary vaginal melanomas, respectively. PD-L1 expression and amplification were observed in 27.8% (10/36) and 5.6% (2/36) of cases, respectively. PD-L1 positive expression and/or amplification was associated with older patients (p = .008). Patients who had NRAS mutations had a poorer overall survival compared with those with a wild-type NRAS (33.5 vs. 14.0 months; hazard ratio [HR], 3.09; 95% CI, 1.08–8.83). Strikingly, two patients with/without PD-L1 expression receiving immune checkpoint inhibitors had a satisfying outcome. Multivariate analysis demonstrated that >10 mitoses per mm2 (HR, 2.96; 95% CI, 1.03–8.51) was an independent prognostic factor.

Conclusions

NRAS mutations and PD-L1 expression were most prevalent in our cohort of primary vaginal melanomas and can be potentially considered as therapeutic targets.