Examining the Effectiveness of International Climate Agreements in Fostering Global Cooperation and Collective Action Towards Climate Change Mitigation in Nigeria
Authors: AFINJUOMO Oluwatoni Honour , Muyali Elie Katya 
Published: July 2024

This paper aims to examine the role of international climate agreements in encouraging cooperative action and facilitating climate-change mitigation efforts in Nigeria. It begins by underscoring the pressing necessity of addressing climate change as one of the most significant challenges confronting humanity in the 21st century. It emphasizes the vital role of international climate agreements in reducing greenhouse gas emissions, promoting sustainable growth, and supporting vulnerable nations in mitigating the consequences of climate change. Given that Nigeria is highly susceptible to the adverse effects of climate change, it is exposed to significant risks to the environment, economy, and socioeconomic development. This paper discusses Nigeria’s commitment to climate change mitigation through its participation in international agreements such as the UNFCCC and the Paris Agreement. It evaluates Nigeria’s progress in implementing climate change mitigation strategies and collaborative efforts with global partners. Furthermore, the concept of collective action theory is introduced, highlighting its relevance in tackling global challenges such as climate change. Additionally, this paper emphasizes that collective action is essential in addressing climate change, as it entails cooperative efforts among individuals, groups, and countries to achieve common objectives. It delves into how collective action theory provides valuable insights into the efficacy of international climate agreements and the need for international collaboration to develop comprehensive solutions. This paper identifies the factors that influence the success or failure of climate agreements in Nigeria and underscores the importance of in-depth studies to comprehend their impact on international partnerships and collective action. It concludes by discussing the implications of the research findings for future policy and decision-making, to contribute to more effective global climate change mitigation strategies. Climate change has emerged as one of the most pressing challenges faced by humanity in the 21st century. Its impact is far-reaching, affecting ecosystems, economies, and human well-being worldwide. Recognizing the urgency of addressing this global issue, international climate agreements have been established to foster global cooperation and collective action.[1]These agreements aim at mitigating climate change by reducing greenhouse gas emissions, promoting sustainable development, and supporting vulnerable nations in adapting to climate change. In Nigeria, a country highly vulnerable to climate change impacts, it is crucial to examine the effectiveness of international climate agreements in fostering collective action and facilitating climate-change mitigation efforts.[2] Nigeria, located in West Africa, is particularly susceptible to climate-related risks such as rising temperatures, increased frequency and intensity of extreme weather events, sea-level rise, and desertification.[3]These challenges pose significant threats to the country’s agriculture, water resources, health systems, and overall socioeconomic stability.[4] To reduce the effects of climate change, nations must work together and take coordinated action. International climate agreements are essential for promoting cooperation among nations and for group efforts to mitigate climate change. These agreements provide forums for nations to coordinate efforts to cut greenhouse gas emissions, prepare for climate change, set goals, and share resources and expertise.[5] Nigeria has acknowledged the significance of taking part in these agreements and implementing sustainable policies to address the climate crisis, given its status as a developing country that is extremely vulnerable to the effects of climate change.[6] The issue is that there is currently a dearth of in-depth studies that carefully examine how international climate agreements affect international collaboration and group action, particularly in Nigeria.[7]It is imperative for policymakers, researchers, and stakeholders engaged in climate change mitigation initiatives in Nigeria to understand the efficacy of these agreements.[8] This paper offers important insights into boosting the efficacy of international climate agreements in Nigeria and eventually contributing to more successful global climate change mitigation strategies by identifying the strengths, weaknesses, and areas for improvement.