bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Exploration of Theoretical and Antioxidant Mimetic Activities of
Binuclear Copper(II) and Nickel(II) Coordination Complexes
Authors: Mohan Bharti , Choudhary Mukesh
Published: August 2021

Three dinuclear copper(II) and nickel(II) complexes viz. [Cu2(La)(py)2]·(ClO4)2 (1),
[Ni2(Lb)(ImH)2]·(ClO4)2 (2) and [Ni2(Lc)(H2O)2]·(ClO4)2 (3) were designed and synthesized using
disulfide and auxiliary ligands as functional models for antioxidant superoxide dismutase enzyme
(where, H2La-H2Lc = disulfide ligands bearing S-S bond, py = pyridine, ImH = imidazole). The disulfide
ligands were synthesized by condensation reaction of 2-(2-(2-aminophenyl)disulfanyl)benzeneamine
with 3-bromo-2-hydroxy-5-nitrobenzaldehyde; 5-bromo-2-hydroxybenzaldehyde and 3,5-dichloro-
2-hydroxybenzaldehyde, respectively. All the compounds were characterized by various spectrometry
methods. The molecular docking study was performed against penicillin binding protein 4 (PBP4)
active site pocket and E. coli DNA Gyrase B ATPase domain to evaluate the possible mechanism of
antibacterial property of disulfide ligands. The results revealed that H2La-H2Lc possess higher binding
affinity for active site of PBP4 and Gyrase B ATPase domain. The present study also demonstrated
that disulfide compounds have potential to inhibit the PBP4 and Gyrase B ATPase domain and can be
developed as lead compounds. In addition, antioxidant superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity is also
discussed of these complexes. The antioxidant superoxide measurements show that complexes behave
as superoxide mimic in alkaline nitro blue tetrazolium chloride (NBT) assay.
Corrosion Inhibition of Mild Steel in 0.5 M H2SO4 Solution by Plant Extract of Annona squamosa
Authors: Karthikeyan S. , Syed Abuthahir S.S. , Begum A. Samsath , Vijaya K.
Published: August 2021

In aqueous solution of 0.5M H2SO4, the Annona Squamosa extract was systematically analyzed to
ensure its inhibition mechanism by using potentiodynamics polarization, the weight loss method, and
electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) and its inhibitory effect on mild steel corrosion. For
mild steel corrosion in 0.5 M H2SO4 solution, its inhibition efficiency increases and decreases with an
increase in its concentration and temperature, respectively. Potentiodynamic polarization analyses
revealed that the Annona Squamosa behaves as a cathodic inhibitor. In presence of Annona Squamosa
extract in 0.5 M H2SO4 solution, an increase in the activation energy of corrosion leads to a decrease
in the rate of mild steel corrosion. On mild steel surfaces, the adsorption behaviour of the extract
conformed to the Temkin isotherm, Langmuir isotherm and Arrhenius equation. The EIS results were
correlated with the polarization findings. According to atomic force microscopy (AFM) and scanning
electron microscopy (SEM), the inhibition of mild steel corrosion proceeds through the adsorption of
the extract on the mild steel surface.
An Overview of Bioactive Alkaloid, Semi-Synthetic Analogs, Mechanism of
Action and Structure-Activity Relationship of Piperine as Antioxidant
Authors: Joshi Sagar , Salahuddin  , Kumar Rajnish , Sharma Divya
Published: August 2021

Piperine, a natural alkaloid obtained from black pepper exhibit a variety of pharmacological activities like antioxidant activity and in this
article, the mechanism of the antioxidant, structure-activity relationship of piperine as an antioxidant and various schemes of derivatives
of piperine as antioxidants were discussed.
Detection of Non-nitro Compounds by Amplified Fluorescence Polymer (AFP):
An Opportunity for Breath-Based Disease Diagnosis
Authors: Kumar D. Sharath , Pallavi H.S. , Pullela Phani Kumar
Published: August 2021

Amplified fluorescence polymers (AFP) are a set of unique polymers known for their ability to detect
trace nitro explosives. The prior knowledge in the AFP field indicates that the functional group variation
on the polymer backbone is responsible for the selectivity of an analyte. The mechanism of analyte
detection is believed that only compounds with nitro functional groups are detected by AFP. Usually,
AFP functional groups varied to detect nitro compounds and the non-nitro compound detection and
the mechanism of the AFP were not completely understood. In this work, the AFP polymer was kept
constant and studied with 136 analytes with different functional groups for analyzing few non-nitro
compounds. Among the 136 compounds analyzed, about fourteen have been detected by AFP. It was
observed that most of the fourteen compounds were non-nitro compounds. The mechanism proposed
originally for nitro compounds and associated hypothesises the existence of a parking space on the
polymer backbone. Present study suggested that the possibility of only nitro compounds interacting
with AFP due to the three-dimensional shape of the analyte as the detrimental factor. The discovery of
non-nitro compound detection by AFP opens up the use of AFP for gas-phase disease volatile organic
compound detection. Future studies of functional group variation on the AFP backbone in relation to
the analyte detection could provide insights into the relation of analyte detection by AFP and the
parameters to optimize for obtaining the selectivity and specificity.
CANCER-RELATED ANEMIA AND FRAILTY IN OLDER PERSONS
Authors: CERULLO F. , GAMBASSI G. , CESARI M.
Published: August 2021

Anemia, defined by the World Health Organization as a hemoglobin concentration lower than 13 g/dL in men and 12 g/dL in women, is particularly prevalent at advanced age. Nevertheless, it is not a condition simply explained by the normal aging process. Anemia represents a potentially reversible condition associated with numerous adverse health-related events, including hospitalization, disability, and mortality in older persons. Low haemoglobin concentrations are particularly common among patients with cancer due to direct (e.g., micro- and macroscopic blood losses) and indirect causes (e.g., increased production of pro-inflammatory cytokines with consequent reduction of erythropoietin release and erythropoiesis). The impaired oxygen-carrying capacity caused by the presence of anemia may play a major role in multiple clinical manifestations of cancer, such as dyspnea, fatigue, exhaustion, dizziness and/or headache. In the present review, we discuss the importance of low hemoglobin concentrations and anemia as important determinants of the frailty syndrome, a condition commonly present among cancer patients. Treatment of cancer-related anemia may improve quality of life and health-related outcomes (including disability and mortality) in older patients with oncological conditions.
Avaliação do efeito de faixas adicionais de subida em segmentos de rodovias de pista simples
Authors: Silva Frederico Amaral e , Bessa Júnior José Elievam , Costa Anáiram Lima , Cunha André Luiz , Andalício Aline Ferreira , Da Costa Velho Diego Milli , Nazareth Veridianne Soares
Published: August 2021

O novo método do Highway Capacity Manual (HCM) para calcular a capacidade e o nível de serviço de rodovias de pista simples deverá ser, provavelmente, baseado na Densidade de Veículos em Pelotões (FD). No Brasil, há poucos estudos que determinam o impacto de faixas adicionais em rodovias de pista simples, sobretudo envolvendo FD, que é o objetivo geral deste trabalho. Para isso, foi obtido um conjunto de dados de tráfego em segmentos de rodovia para calibrar e validar o simulador de tráfego VISSIM. Com uma versão recalibrada do simulador, foram gerados dados de tráfego em segmentos viários hipotéticos com e sem faixas adicionais, com os quais foram ajustados modelos de tráfego fluxo x FD. Os resultados da análise dos modelos indicaram que a proposta deste trabalho produziu valores de nível de serviço e de FD mais aderentes aos valores que foram observados em campo.
Increasing population density reduces soybean yield components and productivity
Authors: De Almeida Silva Marcelo , De Santana Soares Ana Carolina , Rodrigues Alves Carnietto Melina , De Moraes Barbosa Alexandrius
Published: August 2021

Studies addressing the interaction of different spatial arrangement in soybean are needed in order to achieve management that leads to higher grain yield associated with rational seed use. The objective of this work was to evaluate the yield components and productivity of an undetermined growth type soybean as a function of different row spacing and plant densities. The treatments consisted of three row spaces (0.25, 0.35 and 0.45 m) and three plant population densities (30, 40 and 50 plants/m²). There was no interaction of row spaces and plant population on soybean yield. Regarding the overall spacing average, the grain yield of the population of 30/m² plants was higher than the productivity of the populations of 40 and 50/m² plants. The largest populations reduce plant sizes due to greater competition between plants. In addition, smaller populations promote higher individual plant yields due to the increase components of the production. This characteristic is defined as the ability of the plant to change its morphology and yield components in order to adapt to the conditions imposed by the spatial arrangement.
Use of the imazapic herbicide applied alone or tank mix with imazapyr as growth regulator of lawns
Authors: Fagundes Marques Ricardo , Roberto de Marchi Sidnei , Martins Dagoberto
Published: August 2021

Successive mowing are the major maintenance costs of lawns. Thus, both the expenditure with mowing and the visual and physiological aspect of the lawn have led to the search for alternatives to mechanical management. Thus, this work aimed to study the effects of different rates of imazapic herbicide applied alone or combined with imazapyr as a growth regulator of Bahiagrass (Paspalum notatum) and St. Augustine grass (Stenotaphrum secundatum). The experimental design was a randomized block with four replicates, and the treatments consisted of six rates of imazapic herbicide (35; 70; 105; 140; 175 and 210 g a.i. ha-1) for both species, three rates of imazapic + imazapyr in tank mix (15.57 + 5.25; 23.625 + 7.875; 32.5 + 10.5 g a.i. ha-1) for Bahiagrass and four rates of imazapic + imazapyr mixture (7.875 + 2.625; 15.57 + 5.25; 23.625 + 7.875; 32.5 + 10.5 g a.i. ha-1) for St. Augustine grass. The effect of the treatments was evaluated by observing visible injury symptoms, canopy height, height and number of inflorescences and total dry matter of clippings.  Applications of imazapic alone or combined with imazapyr were effective in reducing plant height, number and height of inflorescences and total amount of dry matter of clippings produced by Bahiagrass plants. Imazapic provided satisfactory control of St. Augustine growth, but its utilization caused an increase in the number of inflorescences present in the lawns.
Genetic diversity among cassava genotypes (Manihot esculenta crantz) collected in the south-central mesoregion of the state of Mato Grosso-Brazil
Authors: Wagner Zago Bruno , Antonio Aparecido Barelli Marco , Pereira da Silva Valvenarg , Felipin-Azevedo Rafhael , Lima Corrêa Carla , Grillo Neves Leonarda , Soler Sobreira Hoogerheide Eulalia
Published: August 2021

The aim of this research was to evaluate the genetic divergence between 164 genotypes of Manihot esculenta from the South-Central mesoregion of the State of Mato Grosso. The genotypes are from projects conducted by the Laboratory of Genetic Resources & Biotechnology of the University of the State of Mato Grosso, Cáceres-Mato Grosso (UNEMAT), and the Brazilian Public Agricultural Research Corporation - Agrosilvopastoral (EMBRAPA). The agronomic descriptors evaluated were plant height, height of first branching, branching levels, weight of the aerial part of the plant, total weight of the plant, number of roots per plant, average weight of roots per plant, yield of commercial roots, yield of non-commercial roots, number of rotten roots per plant and harvest index. For the analysis of genetic divergence, multivariate analysis based on the standardized Euclidean mean distance was employed, later performing the Hierarchical UPGMA and Tocher Optimization agglomerative methods. The degree of preservation of the genetic distances in the dendrogram was verified using the Cophenetic Correlation Coefficient. The Singh criterion was used to quantify the relative contribution of characteristics to genetic divergence. The genotypes presented genetic dissimilarity for the evaluated characteristics and based on the results of the dissimilarity matrix and groupings, it is recommended the crossings between the genotypes allocated in group II with the genotype allocated in group V, for the development of segregated populations with high genetic variability.
Synthesis and antifungal activity of new O-alkylamidoximes
Authors: Barbosa Maria Verônica Sales , Nascimento Alana Karoline Penha , Caiana Rodrigo Ribeiro Alves , Santos Cosme Silva , Oliveira Wylly Araújo , Menezes Paulo Henrique , Freitas Juliano Carlo Rufino
Published: August 2021

The continuous prospection for molecules that may be useful in the development of new therapeutic agents is a highly relevant issue, mainly because the launch of new drugs on the market does not accompany the emergence of new resistant microorganisms. In this context, this work describes the synthesis of new O-alkylamidoximes and the evaluation of its antifungal activity. The new O-alkylamidoximes were prepared using easy synthetic protocols and tested against three Candida species using the broth microdilution method. The synthesized compounds were obtained in moderate to good yields in high purity and without any observable decomposition. All tested compounds shown moderate antifungal activity against at least one strain of Candida. Despite the moderate activity of the new compounds, this was the first report involving the antifungal activity of O-alkylamidoximes. In view of the low chemotherapy arsenal and the development of fungal strains resistant to traditional antifungal agents, the present study opens new possibilities for the preparation of a new class of more active antifungal agents.
Pengaruh Menghafal Al-Quran Terhadap Pembentukan Karakter Peserta Didik Di Roudhotul Atfal (RA) Jamiatul Qurra Cimahi
Authors: Aziz Jamil Abdul
Published: August 2021

Education is a means to continue to pursue the formation of human character fundamentally, bring individual changes to the roots. However, the problem to this day there are still many gaps between expectations and the reality in the world of education. Therefore, need to be implemented by the efforts of educational institutions to participate in preventing the growth of a negative character in the self-learners. In this case, Roudhotul Athfal Jamiatul Qurra wal Huffadz, Cimahi, West-Java create memorization program (Tahfidz) al-Quran for all students. Where Tahfidz program is believed to be very helpful in shaping the character of students. In this study, researchers used a correlational analysis method, with quantitative approach. Author correlating the results of a questionnaire about the program Tahfidz al-Quran (Variable X) with character formation of students' (variable Y). The population studied were all students of class B totaling 100 students. So the authors took a sample of 24% of the total population of 24 students. As for the data processing after data from the questionnaire obtained. Researchers using the formula 'r' Product Moment, researchers get results from the value of 'r' desirable is 0, 5560. The authors correlate the results of the robservation with rtable at 1% significance level of 0, 5560> 0, 515, and correlate well robservation with the rtable at the 5% significance level = 0, 5560> 0, 404. Because ro is greater than rt the null hypothesis which was rejected and the alternative hypothesis proposed by the researchers received. This means that there was an effect or a positive correlation between the program Tahfidz al-Quran (Variable X) with character formation of students' (variable Y).
Tracking the Evolution of the Knowledge Base on Problem-based Learning: A Bibliometric Review, 1972-2019
Authors: Hallinger Philip
Published: August 2021

The current review employed bibliometric review methods to analyze 14,130 Scopus-indexed documents on problem-based learning published from 1972 through the end of 2019. The goals of the review were to describe the landscape and analyze the evolution of topical foci of interdisciplinary research on PBL over the past five decades. The review identified the accumulation of a substantial interdisciplinary corpus of research on PBL that is significantly larger than the literature on other approaches to active learning. The growth trajectory of the literature on PBL started out “low and flat” during the 1970s and 1980s but steadily gained momentum in subsequent decades, with 58% of the PBL literature published between 2010 and 2019. PBL has achieved an impressive scope of global research over the past 45 years, with a significant number of studies published from emerging regions of the world, especially during the past decade. While a long-term body of research has accumulated on the learning outcomes of PBL, the research front has begun to shift towards the study of self-directed learning, student satisfaction, self-efficacy, critical thinking, and cooperation. Research and practice challenges identified in the review focus on establishing the scope of use and efficacy of PBL across different cultural contexts and more systematically summarizing and synthesizing the use of PBL outside of the health professions.
The Becoming of the Scholarly Editor
Authors: Cohen (26–38) Matt
Published: August 2021

Paul Eggert’s The Work and the Reader in Literary Studies makes an important intervention in textual scholarship by redefining scholarly editions as functions of a process enacted in dynamic relation to an idea of a work on one hand and imagined readers — including the author as a first reader of drafts — on the other. This essay responds to The Work and the Reader by pursuing the definition of the “reader” toward a rethinking of edition-making as both a material and an ethical practice.
A Wandering Hyphen, The Reader and the Work
Authors: Eggert (65–84) Paul
Published: August 2021

This is a reply to commentary by Matt Cohen, Ian Cornelius, and Alan Galey occasioned by the publication of Paul Eggert’s The Work and the Reader in Literary Studies: Scholarly Editing and Book History (Cambridge University Press, 2019) and to a review of the book by John K. Young. A theory of the work based on the negative dialectic of document and text grounds the work as a regulative idea rather than an ideal entity and finds the role of the reader to be constitutive of it. The relationship (envisaged in the book as a slider) of archival and editorial digital projects, the potential cross-fertilization of philology and textual criticism, and an expanded role for textual studies inspired by D. F. McKenzie’s writings are discussed.
“There is no respectable woman . . . that sells books!”
Authors: Braun (124–39) Jolie
Published: August 2021

This article examines three memoirs by women canvassers: Annie Nelles, or, The Life of a Book Agent by Annie Nelles Dumond (1868), Six Years Experience as a Book Agent by Mrs. J. W. Likins (1874), and Facts by Harriet Wasson Styer (1881). These works record the physical, intellectual, and emotional labor of canvassing, offering a window into the otherwise little-documented experiences of women’s experiences working in a field that both recruited and presented numerous challenges for them.
Books at the Borders of Picasso’s Les Demoiselles d’Avignon
Authors: Schiff (147–73) Karen L.
Published: August 2021

This paper proposes that Picasso’s landmark 1907 painting, Les Demoiselles d’Avignon, is full of images of books and pages, especially at the borders of the canvas. The curving shapes which are traditionally seen as “curtains” can alternatively be interpreted as the white pages and brown paper wrappers of open books, rotated 90 degrees. This “visual marginalia” suggests that Picasso’s famous brothel scene could be regarded as a semiotic construction, befitting the painting’s early title (devised by Picasso’s writer friends), “The Philosophical Brothel”. The painting also contains iconographic representations of textuality. A slightly open book can be perceived in the middle of the painting, and along the bottom border, an open envelope and writing paper can be seen laid atop the tipped-up table, under the fruit. I claim that Picasso’s images of texts derive from his acquaintance with the text-driven, monumental novel, Don Quixote. I give special attention to the narrative Author’s Preface to the Spanish literary classic, in which the author describes assembling quotations from diverse sources to compose the first and last pages of his book. Picasso visually represents this allusion by depicting pages at the left and right “ends” of his canvas. Other texts and images are considered as sources for the bibliographic imagery, which generally suggests that this canvas as a fictive tissue of quotations, akin to the overabundance of texts that Don Quixote is reading in Cervantes’s novel. The image of the blank writing paper and its envelope, finally, encourages viewers to see the painting as a letter of communication, for which we ourselves must provide the writing that would represent our interpretations.
SCHAEFER, Heike, and Alexander STARRE, eds. 2019. The Printed Book in Contemporary American Culture: Medium, Object, Metaphor.
Authors: White (291–95) Glyn
Published: August 2021

Book Review
Commuters' Behavior in Response to the Policy of Conversion of Paratransit to City Buses in the Bandung City
Authors: Prasetyanto Dwi , Rizki Muhamad , Gardjito Wiena Rustanti
Published: August 2021

Bandung City Government plans to improve their bus services which are expected to decline traffic congestion,reduce air pollution, and improve road safety. One of the efforts is to implement the conversion policy of minibus/paratransit to public bus. The purpose of this study is to analyze people's behavior related for theconversion policy above and their intentions to use it. For that purpose, the analysis performed with the datathat obtained by interviewing public transport users in Bandung City. The method used in this research isTheory of Planned Behavior. It is found that, the effect of evaluation outcomes, motivation to comply andperceived power proven to be significant on the behavioral intention to shift the use of public transportationfrom mini public buses to city buses. The contribution of evaluation outcomes influences the highest comparedto other factors, which is 32.36%, this shows that the evaluation of the performance of city bus services is themost dominant factor in shaping the behavioral intention to use city bus. Positive perception towards theconversion policy is in the high number, however, the intentions to shift to public transport should be supportedby ensuring high quality bus services.
Evaluation of Cost Effectiveness of Performance Based Contract for National Road Improvement and Maintenance Projects
Authors: Setorini Andhika Ajengtyas , Hatmoko Jati Utomo Dwi , Setiadji Bagus Hario
Published: August 2021

As an effort to maintain and improve its national road condition with a strict budget, the Government of Indonesia has implemented various types of contract in road maintenance. One of the road maintenance contract, i.e. performanced based contract (PBC), allows the contractor to design, build, and maintain the road and use performance measures as payment requirement. While many researches state that the PBC implementation on road maintenance may lead to cost efficiency, in Indonesia the cost efficiency is still questionable. This research is trying to answer the question by comparing actual road maintenance cost of two roads with same characteristics, while one is PBC and the other is traditional contract. The result shows that in one case PBC is cheaper than traditional contract, while the other case shows the opposite.
Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome caused by a novel mutation in the WAS gene and presenting with a mild phenotype
Authors: Garkaby Jenny , Upton Julia
Published: August 2021

Background: Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome (WAS) is an X-linked recessive disorder associated with combined immunodeficiency, microthrombocytopenia, eczema, and an increased risk of autoimmunity and cancer.

Aim: To report the clinical presentation, immune features, and genetic mutation in a patient with a novel mutation in the Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome (WAS) gene, causing a mild phenotype of WAS.

Methods: The patient’s chart was reviewed. We report the phenotypical and laboratory characteristics of a patient with a mild phenotype of WAS identified by WAS gene sequence analysis.

Results: Our patient presented with thrombocytopenia and 3 episodes of otitis media at 24 months of age, with no other significant manifestations suggestive of immunodeficiency or immune dysregulation. A missense mutation was found in exon 12 of the WAS gene, C1498>T, leading to a Trp500Arg amino acid change. Currently, he is 15 years old and remains in good health, free of infections or other complications to date.

Conclusion: Genetic analysis is helpful for the diagnosis of WAS; our patient’s mutation was found to cause a mild phenotype.

Statement of novelty: We describe a patient with a mild phenotype of WAS with a novel mutation in the WAS gene, thus, expanding the spectrum of WAS gene mutations.
Comparison of plasmapheresis with medical apheresis in terms of efficacy and cost in the acute treatment of hypertriglyceridemia in children with lipoprotein lipase deficiency
Authors: Erdol Sahin , Bilgin Huseyin , Saglam Halil
Published: August 2021

Objectives

We aimed to compare plasmapheresis and medical apheresis as lipid-lowering therapies in children with familial lipoprotein lipase (LPL) deficiency.

Methods

The data of 13 patients who were followed up after a diagnosis of LPL deficiency were retrospectively analyzed. Plasma triglyceride, cholesterol, amylase, and lipase values and complications were recorded before and after each patient underwent plasmapheresis or medical apheresis.

Results

The mean follow-up period of the patients was 99.64 ± 52.92 months in the medical apheresis group and 118 ± 16.97 months in the plasmapheresis group. While the mean triglyceride level before plasmapheresis was 1,875.38 ± 547.46 mg/dL, it was 617 ± 228.28 mg/dL after plasmapheresis. While the mean triglyceride level before medical apheresis was 1,756.86 ± 749.27 mg/dL, it was found to be 623.03 ± 51.36 mg/dL after medical apheresis. Triglyceride levels were decreased by 59.62% with medical apheresis and 65.57% with plasmapheresis. The cost of treatment for medical apheresis was found to be lower compared to plasmapheresis 296.93 ± 29.94 Turkish lira (USD 43.34 ± 4.01) vs. 3,845.42 ± 156.17 Turkish lira (USD 561.37 ± 20.93; p<0.001).

Conclusions

Although there is no standardized strategy for the acute treatment of hypertriglyceridemia due to LPL deficiency, medical apheresis is a safe and effective treatment with a low risk of side effects. Unlike plasmapheresis, medical apheresis can be performed in any center, which is another important advantage of the procedure.
Hunter-gatherer metallurgy in the Early Iron Age of Northern Fennoscandia
Authors: Bennerhag Carina , Grandin Lena , Hjärtner-Holdar Eva , Stilborg Ole , Söderholm Kristina
Published: August 2021

The role of ferrous metallurgy in ancient communities of the Circumpolar North is poorly understood due, in part, to the widespread assumption that iron technology was a late introduction, passively received by local populations. Analyses of two recently excavated sites in northernmost Sweden, however, show that iron technology already formed an integral part of the hunter-gatherer subsistence economy in Northern Fennoscandia during the Iron Age (c. 200–50 BC). Such developed knowledge of steel production and complex smithing techniques finds parallels in contemporaneous continental Europe and Western Eurasia. The evidence presented raises broader questions concerning the presence of intricate metallurgical processes in societies considered less complex or highly mobile.
Novel nomogram for predicting the 3-year incidence risk of osteoporosis in a Chinese male population
Authors: Mao Yaqian , Xu Lizhen , Xue Ting , Liang Jixing , Lin Wei , Wen Junping , Huang Huibin , Li Liantao , Chen Gang
Published: August 2021

Objective

To establish a rapid, cost-effective, accurate, and acceptable osteoporosis (OP) screening model for the Chinese male population (age ≥ 40 years) based on data mining technology.

Materials and methods

This was a 3-year retrospective cohort study, which belonged to the sub-cohort of the Chinese Reaction Study. The research period was from March 2011 to December 2014. A total of 1834 subjects who did not have OP at the baseline and completed a 3-year follow-up were included in this study. All subjects underwent quantitative ultrasound examinations for calcaneus at the baseline and follow-ups that lasted for 3 years. We utilized the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) regression model to select feature variables. The characteristic variables selected in the LASSO regression were analyzed by multivariable logistic regression (MLR) to construct the predictive model. This predictive model was displayed through a nomogram. We used the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve, C-index, calibration curve, and clinical decision curve analysis (DCA) to evaluate model performance and the bootstrapping validation to internally validate the model.

Results

The predictive factors included in the prediction model were age, neck circumference, waist-to-height ratio, BMI, triglyceride, impaired fasting glucose, dyslipidemia, osteopenia, smoking history, and strenuous exercise. The area under the ROC (AUC) curve of the risk nomogram was 0.882 (95% CI, 0.858–0.907), exhibiting good predictive ability and performance. The C-index for the risk nomogram was 0.882 in the prediction model, which presented good refinement. In addition, the nomogram calibration curve indicated that the prediction model was consistent. The DCA showed that when the threshold probability was between 1 and 100%, the nomogram had a good clinical application value. More importantly, the internally verified C-index of the nomogram was still very high, at 0.870.

Conclusions

This novel nomogram can effectively predict the 3-year incidence risk of OP in the male population. It also helps clinicians to identify groups at high risk of OP early and formulate personalized intervention measures.
Aplicación de recursos de xeración automática da lingua para estudos comparativos
Authors: Domínguez Vázquez María José , Caíña Hurtado María
Published: August 2021

O principal obxectivo deste traballo é presentar unha das posibles aplicacións dos xeradores automáticos da lingua Xera e XeraWord: o seu emprego para a análise multicontrastiva. Estes prototipos plurilingües presentan a argumentación valencial de substantivos en español, francés e alemán —Xera— e en galego e portugués —XeraWord. Dado que son concibidos como novos recursos valenciais lexicográficos, cómpre realizarmos unha breve descrición da metodoloxía e da teoría na que se sustentan, así como unha incursión no emprego dos recursos valenciais. A presentación de XeraWord, o máis recente dos prototipos, conxuga tanto a aproximación no manexo do recurso como os diferentes niveis de análise sintáctico-semántica que o conforman, os cales beben do simulador Xera. Co fin de exemplificar a aplicación comparativa botando man dos datos dos simuladores centrámonos na expresión da dirección no substantivo fuxida e os seus equivalentes en alemán, español e portugués.
Le projet de loi antiterroriste canadien : une sélection sécuritaire
Authors: Dominique-Legault Pascal
Published: August 2021

Notre définition du problème du terrorisme détermine la manière de concevoir les solutions à cette problématique. Ainsi, la perception que des mesures sécuritaires sont adéquates, nécessaires, efficaces, proportionnelles ou, au contraire, qu’elles sont abusives ou déséquilibrées, est largement tributaire de cette composante définitionnelle. Dans cet article, nous identifions comment les parlementaires canadiens ont défini la menace terroriste dans le cadre des débats sur le projet de loi antiterroriste canadien, débats qui ont eu lieu du 15 octobre 2001 au 18 décembre 2001. Mais plus encore, nous examinons l’impact que cette composante définitionnelle a eu sur leur détermination de ce qui est justifié comme solution au problème du terrorisme. Cet article traite ainsi de la sélection sécuritaire qui s’est opérée dans le projet de loi C-36, c’est-à-dire la stratégie sécuritaire générale qui a été priorisée. Nous qualifierons la forme particulière que prend cette sélection en la situant au sein des alternatives proposées qui ont été laissées dans l’ombre, dans l’objectif de mieux comprendre ce choix sécuritaire et ses implications.The way in which terrorism is defined as a public problem determines how solutions are designed to address this problem. Thus, the perception that security measures are adequate, necessary, effective, proportional or how they are perceived unfair or unbalanced, is largely dependent on a definitional process. In this paper, we identify how Canadian parliamentarians have defined the problem of terrorism in the context of the discussions on the proposed Canadian Anti-Terrorism Bill, which took place from October 15th, 2001 to December 18th, 2001. Furthermore, we examine the impact that these different discursive constructions had on the solutions proposed by parliamentarians, and on the solutions that are reflected in the proposed measures and the Bill. Therefore, this article discusses the selection process that took place in the creation of Bill C-36, and thus discusses the overall security strategy that has been prioritized in it. We describe the particular form of this selection by placing it within the proposed alternatives that were rejected, with the aim of better understanding the choices made in the creation of Bill C-36 and their implications. We will conclude with a discussion on the effects of power of the discourses that were chosen and instituted in the Canadian Anti-Terrorism Bill.
Les théories des mouvements sociaux et la dialectique des niveaux : un cadre d’analyse pour l’étude des évolutions d’Al-Qaïda au Maghreb islamique
Authors: Bencherif Adib
Published: August 2021

Les théories des mouvements sociaux sont de plus en plus utilisées pour étudier les groupesterroristes. Elles comportent différents niveaux d’analyse: les niveaux macro-analytique,méso-analytique et micro-analytique. Le présent article tente d’adapter ce corpusthéorique à l’étude du groupe jihadiste Al-Qaïda au Maghreb islamique (AQMI). En effet,au cours des dernières années, AQMI ne s’est pas développé au Maghreb alors que sesactivités ont augmenté exponentiellement dans la région sahélienne, au point d’ydévelopper un sanctuaire pour le groupe au nord du Mali. Le développement d’AQMI auSahel est-il alors le résultat de choix stratégiques ou celui de dynamiques internes ? Pourexpliquer le développement d’AQMI dans la région sahélo-saharienne, l’auteur proposeune grille de lecture basée sur les niveaux macro et méso-analytiques et sur leur mise endialectique. Le niveau macro-analytique met en lumière la structure des opportunitéspolitiques induisant les choix stratégiques d’AQMI et le niveau méso-analytique lesdynamiques internes du groupe. La littérature existante sur AQMI étant principalementconstituée de monographies et de notes de recherches, l’ambition de cet article est alorsde concilier théorie et recherche empirique. Ainsi le cadre d’analyse proposé est inspirédes approches de l’action collective et de la mobilisation des ressources et cherche àaméliorer la compréhension des évolutions du groupe. L’étude menée est une analysequalitative centrée sur les États algérien et malien.The theories of social movements are increasingly used to study terrorist groups and theyare characterized by three different levels of analysis: macro, meso, and micro. This article attempts to adapt this theoretical framework to the study of the jihadist group al-Qaeda in the Islamic Maghreb (AQIM). Indeed, in recent years, AQIM failed to develop in North Africa while its activities have increased exponentially in the Sahel region, to the point ofdeveloping a sanctuary for the group in northern Mali. Is the development of AQIM in the Sahel the result of strategic choices or internal dynamics? To explain the development of AQIM in the Sahel-Saharan region, the author proposes a reading grid based on the macroand meso levels of analysis and their dialectical implementation. The macro-level analysis highlights the political opportunities structure inducing AQIM strategic choices and the meso-level analysis focuses on internal dynamics of the group. Seeing as existing literatureon AQIM is mainly constituted of monographs and research notes, the intent of this paperis then to reconcile theory and empirical research. Thus, the proposed framework is inspired from collective action and resource mobilization approaches and seeks to improve the understanding of the evolution of the group. The study is a qualitative analysis focusingon the Algerian and Malian States.
Canada’s Mother-Child Program: Examining Its Emergence, Usage, and Current State
Authors: Brennan Sarah
Published: August 2021

One of many issues a mother must face while incarcerated is separation from her child(ren) for an extended period of time. Empirical findings have consistently highlighted various negative effects for both mothers and their children as a result of this separation. To curb some of the negative effects, Correctional Service Canada’s Mother-Child Program offers full- and part-time visitation between children and their incarcerated mothers at various women’s federal correctional facilities in Canada. The current study involves an in-depth critical analysis of Canada’s MCP by asking three related questions. First, to what extent has the MCP been used since its full implementation in 2001? Second, to what extent is the MCP used today? Third, do any barriers exist currently that are inhibiting the success of the MCP and, if so, how can these be addressed? The results of the study reveal that, since the full implementation of the program in 2001, the participation rate declined from an already low starting point and has remained relatively low since. Further, three main factors were suggested as potential barriers impeding the success of the MCP: correctional overcrowding, a more punitive institutional culture, and a series of changes to the program’s eligibility criteria. Recommendations on ways to increase the usage of the program are offered and suggestions for future research are made.
A Class Action on Behalf of Federally-Sentenced Women with Mental Health Issues
Authors: Sutton Rebecca Anne
Published: August 2021

The inquiry into Ashley Smith’s in-custody death is playing a crucial role in opening up the typically inscrutable prison system and forcing the Correctional Service of Canada (CSC) to defend its policies and practices under intense public scrutiny. Yet there is a risk that Smith will be understood as an extreme outlier, rather than an indicator of a deeper problem. There remains a broader need for concrete and systemic reform of the prison system as it treats Federally-Sentenced Women (FSW) with mental health issues. In this analysis I will consider how civil litigation might be used in creative ways to seek remedies for this segment of the prison populations. Specifically, I will explore the viability of a class action lawsuit against CSC on behalf of FSW with mental health issues, with a sub-class of Aboriginal female prisoners. While there are admittedly a number of practical obstacles to bringing this type of lawsuit, a class action against the Crown offers an interesting combination of private and public law advantages as well as the potential for both individual recourse and systemic change
Truth-Telling by Wrong-Doers? The Construction of Avowal in Canada’s Truth and Reconciliation Commission
Authors: Chalmers Jason
Published: August 2021

The truth commission has emerged in the last thirty years as a distinct juridical form that views the production of truth as necessary, and in some cases sufficient, for achieving justice. In his history of truth-telling in juridical forms, Michel Foucault conducts a genealogy of avowal (or confession) in western judicial practice; critical to his definition of avowal is that the truth-teller and wrong-doer must be the same subject. In my analysis, I consider avowal in light of a relatively recent judicial innovation: the truth commission, with Canada’s Indian Residential Schools Truth and Reconciliation Commission (TRC) as a particular case. The TRC’s emphasis on the testimony of victims rather than perpetrators means that truth-telling and wrong-doing are decoupled in this juridical form, suggesting that avowal is not a function of truth commissions according to Foucault’s criteria. Does this mean that truth commissions are not involved in truth production, or perhaps that they are not a juridical form in the lineage of those examined by Foucault?  The truth commission is a juridical form that Foucault was unable to address because it developed only after his death, and it is possible that it challenges his core understanding of avowal; however, the truth commission also appears to be consistent with trends that he predicted about the role of truth-telling in the modern judicial system.
The ‘Frozen’ Heart of the Continent: Place-Myths and Winnipeg in Canadian Crime Films
Authors: Gacek James , Kohm Steven
Published: August 2021

Within Canadian national cinema, audiences view places that draw attention to the shared experience of being within these geopolitical, socio-spatial locations. This paper contends that crime films set in Winnipeg, a city situated in the centre of North America, reflect and contribute to the cultural identity of the city within the national imaginary. Place-myths have the potential to construct meanings about a particular place, indicating whether it is romantic or dangerous, progressive or “backward,” vibrant or decaying. While currently branded by local civic boosters as the ‘Heart of the Continent,’ (Kives, 2008) the construction of Winnipeg-as-place on film tells a different tale. By implementing a qualitative media analysis, we argue that place-myths manifest themselves within Canadian crime film narratives, and that a better understanding of place allows us to observe how Winnipeg becomes socially spatialized onscreen. As our paper suggests, one’s sense of space can only constellate when one’s experiences of being and acting within a place is taken into account. Winnipeg ultimately becomes represented on film as a place where crime is rampant and law enforcement is unable to combat the criminal behaviour within the city—in other words, where law and justice is ‘frozen.’ Dans le cinéma national canadien, les auditoires vont associer les lieux avec leur propre expérience de ces emplacements géopolitiques et de leur espace social. Cet article soutient que les films policiers qui se déroulent à Winnipeg, une ville située au centre de l’Amérique du Nord, reflètent et contribuent à forger l’identité culturelle de la ville au sein de l’imaginaire national. Les mythes liés aux endroits ont le potentiel de construire des significations autour d’un lieu spécifique, indiquant si cet espace est romantique ou dangereux, progressif ou « rétrograde », animé ou déserté. Même si des représentants de Winnipeg vont qualifier la ville de « cœur du continent » (Kives, 2008), sa construction imaginaire au cinéma raconte une autre histoire. Par la mise en œuvre d’une analyse qualitative des médias, nous soutenons que les mythes des lieux se manifestent dans les trames narratives des films policiers canadiens, et qu’une meilleure compréhension des lieux nous permet de constater comment l’espace social de Winnipeg a été présenté à l’écran. Comme notre article le suggère, notre perception de l’espace ne peut s’exprimer pleinement que si nous expérimentons concrètement et agissons dans celui-ci. Winnipeg devient finalement représenté au cinéma comme un endroit où le crime est à la hausse et les organismes d’application de la loi incapables de combattre les comportements criminels dans la ville – en d’autres mots, où la loi et la justice sont « immobiles ».
Flying blind, or going with the flow?: Using constructivist evaluation to manage the unexpected in the GraniteNet project
Authors: Arden Catherine , McLachlan Kathryn , Cooper Trevor
Published: August 2021

The GraniteNet Project is a research and development collaboration between the University of Southern Queensland, Australia, and the community of Stanthorpe – a rural community of just over 10,000 people located within the university’s regional catchment area. The vision of this Community Informatics project, which commenced in 2007 and is now in its third phase, is the development of a sustainable community designed, owned and managed web portal that will support Stanthorpe’s development as a ‘learning community’. With funding from the State Government, the GraniteNet Board commissioned an evaluation of the second phase of the project which focussed on the design, development and trial of an incubator community portal environment, a portal governance framework and community engagement strategy. Participatory Action Research (PAR) and constructivist (or “Fourth Generation”) evaluation methodologies were adopted to guide the evaluation with the aims of documenting the project, establishing an evidence base to inform future decision-making, identifying and exploring significant contextual factors impacting on the project, evaluating the effectiveness of the models and processes used to guide the project, and building a culture of evaluation that would help to ensure ongoing review and critical reflection on progress. The evaluation design encompassed formative, summative and research evaluation. This paper reports the evaluation processes and outcomes, with a focus on exploring the ways in which these methodologies can be used to help Community Informatics researchers and practitioners learn from and about the unexpected and unanticipated in a field where learning through experimentation is the name of the game, imagination, creativity and collaborative design the keys to innovation and transformation, and where more traditional evaluation methodologies are becoming increasingly irrelevant.
Using Collaboration Patterns for Contextualizing Roles in Community Systems Design
Authors: De Moor Aldo
Published: August 2021

Activation of collaborative communities is hampered by the communicative fragmentation that is at least partially caused by their distributed tool systems. We examine the role of domain, conversation, and functionality roles in modelling community activation. We show how collaboration patterns can be used to design appropriate socio-technical solutions.  These patterns contextualize the various types of roles by linking them to the (1) relevant usage context (2) communicative workflow stages and (3) functionality components across the tool system.
ICTs Meanings and Practices: Contributions from the Social Representation Approach
Authors: Sarrica Mauro
Published: August 2021

This paper aims at suggesting that a dialogical encounter between community informatics and social representations approach may bring positive insights to researchers interested in the relationships between ICTs and communities. Social representations are continuously negotiated, they provide communities with shared systems of knowledge within which attitudes can develop, and communications and behaviours become meaningful. Starting from these premises, social representations theory has proven itself adequate to study scientific and technological novelties, including ICTs. Research conducted in Italy will be presented to exemplify why social representation approach may provide an useful framework for doing research in community informatics