bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Anatomical and topographic substantiation of biopsy of intraarticular structures in infectious polyarthritis of cats
Authors: Rybalkin S. M. , Shchipakin M. V. , Melnikov S. I.
Published: May 2024

Currently, infectious polyarthritis in cats is a very urgent problem in veterinary medicine. Worldwide, one of the most common causes of cat euthanasia is polyarthritis of unexplained etiology, which is not amenable to empirical and symptomatic treatment. The difficulty in diagnosing polyarthritis in cats lies in the large number of infectious agents that can penetrate into joint tissues with blood and lymph flow, while not all regions of the world have a full-fledged diagnosis of these diseases. The second reason complicating the diagnosis of polyarthritis in cats is the absence of infectious agents in the synovial fluid during its examination by various methods such as PCR, bacteriological culture, and ELISA diagnostics. The aim of the study was to consider an open method of biopsy of intraarticular structures in cats with infectious polyarthritis and to identify the safest places of material selection for patients with anatomical and topographic justification. The study was conducted in the Network of veterinary centers "Kotonai" and at the Department of Animal Anatomy of the St. Petersburg State University of Veterinary Medicine. The object of the study was cats in the number of six individuals. The average age of the patients ranged from 3 months to 9 years. There were no severe postoperative complications requiring repeated treatment in the studied patients. The clinical result in these cases can be called positive, despite the presence of minor complications in the early postoperative period. The diagnosis in most patients was established on the basis of examination of biopsies of the articular capsule and articular cartilage. For the collection of material in cats with polyarthritis and altered anatomy in the joint area, the safest localization is craniolateral access to the wrist joint, caudolateral access to the hock joint and cranial access to the hock joint.
Investigation of the effect of cow estrous serum when added to the maturation medium of oocyte-cumulus complexes IN VITRO
Authors: Shulgin I. K. , Rotar L. N. , Shulgina V. D.
Published: May 2024

Saving and multiplying the existing livestock population is an important strategic objective that ensures the country's food security and levelling the dependence on imports of genetically valuable highly productive animals. Obtaining farm animal embryos in vitro is one of the methods of assisted reproductive technologies (ART), which can be used both lifetime and post-mortem. This method allows to optimise breeding work with livestock in a short period of time due to the large number of offspring obtained from highly productive individuals. Aim and objectives: to investigate the effect of bovine estrous serum on meiotic oocyte maturation and early embryogenesis prior to blastocyst development, when added to oocyte-cumulus complexes (OCC) maturation medium. A blind randomised controlled trial was conducted on the effect of bovine estral serum on blastocyst development when added to OCC maturation medium. Estral serum was obtained from the blood of clinically healthy cows with pronounced signs of puberty. The study was carried out in conditions of industrial livestock breeding. The material for the study were oocyte-cumulus complexes obtained by the method of lifetime aspiration from 89 Holstein cows with milk productivity of more than 10 thousand kg per lactation. Oocyte-cumulus complexes were divided into 2 groups: Group 1 (control) - oocyte maturation was carried out in commercial IVM medium without addition of estrous serum, Group 2 (experiment) - oocyte maturation was carried out in commercial IVM medium with addition of es trous serum in concentration from 5 to 15%. The hormones, growth factors and biologically active substances contained in estrous serum have no effect on the achievement of OCC at the stage of metaphase II of meiosis, as well as at the stage of fractions; moreover, a negative effect at these stages of development can be traced. However, substances contained in estrous serum are able to saturate and accumulate in OCC at the stage of maturation to metaphase II of meiosis, thus enhancing the potential of oocytes to embryonic development and further positively affect their achievement of the blastocyst stage. The difference in the formation of blastocysts from crushed embryos reaches more than 25%, and the difference in the formation of blastocysts from viable JCCs matured in media without serum and modified with estrous serum is 37.5% in favour of the latter.
Analysis of the epizootic situation of infectious diseases of the fingers and hooves of cattle in certain regions of the Russian Federation
Authors: Khuzin D. A. , Tarasova E. Yu. , Potekhina R. M. , Yusupov S. A. , Lukina G. R. , Bykova P. V.
Published: May 2024

The massive incidence of disease in cattle, manifested by damage to the distal limbs, is the cause of significant economic damage caused to the livestock industry of the Russian Federation. In this regard, the purpose of the research was an epizootological analysis of the spread of diseases of the fingers and hooves of cattle in certain regions of the Russian Federation and conducting laboratory studies on identify pathogens. The clinical and epizootic situation regarding diseases of the distal extremities was studied during field trips to examine agricultural enterprises, orthopedic medical examination of cattle, and collect data on the dynamics of the spread of these diseases, conditions of keeping, feeding and economic use of cattle. An orthopedic examination revealed various clinical manifestations of diseases of the fingers and hooves of non-contagious etiology. The infectious etiology of diseases of the fingers and hooves was confirmed by laboratory studies of pathological material with a biological test on laboratory animals. An analysis of the epizootic situation regarding infectious diseases of the fingers and hooves of cattle in 3 agricultural enterprises producing milk in the Republic of Mordovia, the Chuvash Republic and the Nizhny Novgorod region, carried out in the period 2021-2022, along with necrobacteriosis, mixed infection and diseases of the limbs of non-contagious etiology, finger dermatitis (Mortellaro disease), associated with the import of livestock with a latent form of this infection from other agricultural enterprises. Based on the results of an orthopedic examination of unfavorable livestock and studies of samples of pathological material from sick animals, the percentage of livestock affected by various forms of finger diseases was determined, different stages of finger dermatitis were established in the «Sabancheevskoye» limited liability company (Alovskoye department).
Association of FGF2 gene polymorphism with economically significant traits of Holstein cows of the Republic of Tatarstan
Authors: Mukhanina E. N. , Safina N. Yu. , Shakirov Sh. K. , Gainutdinova E. R. , Fattakhova Z. F.
Published: May 2024

Improving the reproductive functions of dairy cows may be possible through the use of marker-associated breeding. The FGF2 gene is a candidate gene for bovine fertility, in early pregnancy and affects fetal embryonic development and embryonic mortality. The study of the interaction of the gene of the basic fibroblast growth factor 2 (FGF2 – SNP11646 [A → G]) and economic indicators was carried out on 270 full-aged cows of Holstein population of indigenous selection of Breeding Farm Integrated Agricultural Production Center of the Republic of Tatarstan. In the observed population, the G allele (0.591) and the AG genotype (42.6%) are the most common, and the genetic balance, according to the Hardy-Weinberg law, is preserved. Pearson's consensus criterion is 2χ=3.84, respectively, the expected distribution of FGF2 gene alleles in the study group coincides with the observed one. The maximum live weight at the first fruitful insemination was in full–aged cows carrying the homozygous allele A at the FGF2 gene locus – 435.5 kg, which is higher than in livestock with the GG genotype – by 17.7 kg (4.2 %; p < 0.01). The Doha fertility index for the studied population is average. It was revealed during the study that the level of fertility, with a high degree of reliability, is higher in individuals with the AG genotype – 6.2%, for the same group the earliest age of the first fruitful insemination was noted. A high level of maleness leads to milk losses in cows heterozygous for the FGF2 gene locus, exceeding milk losses observed for the AA genotype by 32.7 % (p < 0.001). There is an inverse correlation between high milk productivity and reproduction traits of cattle, which affects the economic efficiency of dairy production.
Comparison of methods for morphological evaluation of sheep spermatozoa using the SPERM BLUE kit and Romanovsky-Giemse staining
Authors: Korochkina E. A. , Finageev E. Y. , Glavatskaya D. E. , Pushkina V. S.
Published: May 2024

The purpose of this study is to test and comparatively evaluate the method of morphological examination of ram sperm using a differentiated staining Sperm Blue and Romanovsky-Giemsa staining. The sperm of Dorper rams was collected and examined. The obtained samples (n=10) were diluted in a ratio of 1:100 (PBS solution) to conduct a morphological assessment of sperm. Two methods were used for the morphological assessment of spermatozoa: a set of differentiated staining Sperm Blue (Microptic, exposure of the smear in the fixative – 10 minutes, in the main dye - 18 minutes) and Romanovsky-Giemsa staining (exposure of the smear in the fixative - 10 minutes, in the main dye – 20 minutes). After routine staining, the smears were washed with distilled water, dried, and microscopy was performed (magnification using a 100x10 immersion objective, oil immersion), followed by a manual method of counting the number of morphological forms of sperm. According to the results of a comparative analysis of stained smears, staining with Sperm Blue allows for a detailed morphological study and differentiation of teratozoospermic characteristics. When stained with Romanovsky-Giemsa, normal spermatozoa were clearly visible, but the acrosome was poorly visualized. Manual calculation of the percentage of normal sperm using both dyes resulted in the same decimal result. A statistically insignificant difference in head and tail defects was found between the dyes used (p = 0.41 and p = 0.77, respectively): Romanovsky-Giemsa staining (7.8% and 34.1%) detected these defects more often than Sperm Blue (6.3% and 32.9%). Considering the results obtained, the use of the Sperm Blue dyes dye in veterinary andrology is relevant, in particular for assesment the morphology of sperm of different animal species with the further development of appropriate protocols in terms of the duration of exposure of the smears themselves to the main dye.
The relevance of the treatment of lung tumors in small domestic animals and the prospects for the use of targeted therapy for EGFR and ALK/ROS1 mutations on the example of clinical data from humane and veterinary medicine
Authors: Semenov B. S. , Nazarova A. V. , Kuznetsova T. Sh. , Kolodyazhny P. A.
Published: May 2024

In the period from 2020 to 2023 was conducted a retrospective study of animal disease histories with lung neoplasia. 43 animals (15 dogs and 28 cats) were included in the study. Neoplasms were identified by instrumental and histopathological methods. Malignant lung tumors have different histological structure, differ in clinical course and treatment results. Surgery is the method of choice for dogs and cats with primary lung tumors. In humans, the surgical method is one of the main methods of treating lung cancer (LC). Since in 70% of cases LC develops without clinical signs, most cases of the trachea, bronchi and lung tumors are detected at IV stage not only in animals, but also in humans, which makes radical surgery impossible. The development of molecular biology methods leads to the development of new treatment methods based on the use of more effective antitumor drugs. One of the innovative methods of cancer treatment is targeted therapy. Molecular-oriented drugs block the growth of cancer cells by interfering with the mechanism of action of specific target molecules necessary for carcinogenesis and tumor growth. In veterinary medicine, surgical and chemotherapeutic methods of treatment are mainly used, while the latter does not show sufficient effectiveness. At the same time, in humane medicine for the treatment of lung cancer widely use targeted therapy, the effect of which is more accurate and effective. There is not much information in the available literature on the use of targeted therapy in animals and there are practically no studies on the treatment of inoperable LC in cats, which makes it relevant to conduct clinical studies on the use of targeted drugs in companion animals.
Immunological properties of inactivated vaccines against Newcastle disease based on virus antigens VII and II the genotype
Authors: Moroz N. V. , Dolgov D. L. , Komarov I. A. , Kulakov V. J. , Vershinina M. A.
Published: May 2024

Newcastle disease (ND) is now widely spread in many countries of Eurasia, Africa and the Americas and causes significant economic damage to poultry farming. New NDinfected localities are reported in the Russian Federation every year; besides, the number of farms with vaccinated poultry demonstrating high specific antibody titres, decreased performance and survivability while being asymptomatic has increased. This is attributed to the virus evolution leading to the emergence of new genotypes represented by highly virulent strains. Since 2019, subgenotype VII-L has been isolated from Newcastle disease outbreaks in Russia. The vaccines currently available on the market do not confer appropriate protection against it due to the lack of antigenic matching between vaccine strains and this subgenotype. The development of a vaccine based on subgenotype VII -L will allow to ensure protection of poultry flocks against Newcastle disease caused by new NDV isolates. The immunological properties of emulsion inactivated vaccine against Newcastle disease based on genotype VII NDV (ARRIAH G7 strain) antigen were studied in 30-day-old Hisex Brown chickens. A similar vaccine based on genotype II NDV LaSota strain antigen was used as control. Tests of different immunizing antigen doses were carried out. The vaccines were tested for induced humoral immunity level (HI antibody titres), as well as for protective effect (protective index) after challenge with a highly virulent genotype VII NDV strain. The tests revealed that the antigenic activity and protective effect of both vaccines depended on the antigen concentration in the inoculation volume. Antibody titres were always higher when homologous antigens were used in HI tests. The vaccine based on the antigen of ARRIAH G7 strain (homologous to the challenge strain) was more effective than the control vaccine. Less ARRIAH G7 strain antigen was required to protect 50% of vaccinated poultry, compared with LaSota strain antigen. The comparative assessment of the same doses of the antigens showed that the vaccine based on ARRIAH G7 strain antigen had better immunological properties. The tested antigens demonstrated 18.3% bilateral affinity.
Morphological features of capsules of trichinella larvae in the muscle tissue of badgers of the Amur region
Authors: Bondarenko G. A. , Solovyеva I. A. , Trukhina T. I.
Published: May 2024

One of the main reservoirs of the causative agent of trichinosis in the Amur region is the badger, whose meat and fat are used for medicinal purposes or as a delicacy. Data on infection of badgers and the localization of Trichinella larvae in the muscle tissue of badgers are ambiguous. The morphological features of the development of muscle tissue in badgers are associated with lifestyle, which is likely reflected in the localization of Trichinella larvae in certain muscles. The goal is to determine the morphological parameters of capsules of Trichinella larvae in the muscle tissue of badgers in the conditions of the Amur region. The material was the muscle tissue of the skeletal muscles of the head, pectoral, pelvic limbs, muscles of the spinal column and abdominal cavity of badgers, hunted by hunters under licenses in the Amur region.Detection of Trichinella larvae was carried out by compressor trichinoscopy and digestion in individual housing, according to MUK 4.2.2747-10 “Methods of sanitary and parasitological examination of meat and meat products.” For each muscle, the intensity of invasion was determined (personal/gram). Morphological parameters of capsules of Trichinella larvae were determined using an eyepiece micrometer. The capsule shape index was calculated using the formula V=D/L.The most invaded muscles in badgers have been identified and the shape index of capsules of Trichinella larvae has been determined. Areas of natural foci of trichinosis in the Amur region have been identified. In badgers, the most infested Trichinella larvae are the head muscles (mylohyoid muscle, tongue muscle tissue and masticatory muscle), which are preferable to take for diagnosing trichinosis in this animal species.The rounded shape of the capsules of Trichinella larvae (shape index 0.72), characteristic of badgers of the weasel family, was established. The areas of natural foci of trichinosis have been identified - Mikhailovsky, Seryshevsky, Blagoveshchensky, Tambov and Ivanovo administrative districts of the Amur Region. Of particular concern is infection in the southern, most populated areas, where there is a high probability of the transition of trichinosis from natural foci to anthropurgic and synanthropic ones.
Features of clearance of exogenous sorbitol in laboratory animals
Authors: Andreeva N. L. , Ponamarev V. S.
Published: May 2024

Clearance plays an important role in determining the functional activity of organs and systems that are directly involved in the metabolization and removal of various exogenous substances. It is also an important indicator for measuring the effect of xenobiotic dosage on their concentration in biological fluids over various time periods, which allows the use of these parameters for diagnostic purposes. However, methods for determining clearance are directly dependent on the removal characteristics of the substance. The purpose of this study is to conduct an experimental study aimed at establishing the clearance of exogenous sorbitol in laboratory animals with the absence of pathologies of the hepatobiliary and excretory systems. Having analyzed the data obtained, we concluded that clearance rates were stable after enteral administration of sorbitol in clinically healthy animals, i.e. with each time interval passed, the concentration of sorbitol decreases by a certain value. The clearance indicator was characterized by positive values, which indicates that exogenous sorbitol is not retained in biological fluids. The results of the study showed stable and comparable interindividual clearance rates, which indicates the linearity of the process of sorbitol elimination in the absence of pathologies. A positive feature of this reduction is its predictability and the possibility of using this information for clinical purposes. However, it should be noted that the linear decrease in the concentration of an exogenous substance may be disrupted in some cases, for example, in the presence of pathological conditions; therefore, a further direction of research will be to study changes in the pharmacokinetic parameters (in particular, clearance) of sorbitol in various pathologies of the hepatobiliary system.
Pharmacokinetic parameters of D-glucitol in laboratory animals in the context of assessing the functional state of the liver
Authors: Andreeva N. L. , Ponamarev V. S. , Pogodaeva P. S. , Kostrova A. V.
Published: May 2024

One of the most developing methods for assessing the state of the hepatobiliary system is the dynamic clearance method (assessment of clearance by studying pharmacokinetic parameters). Clearance is a measure of the rate at which a specific (usually most pharmacodynamically related to the system being studied) substance is eliminated from the body. This method allows not only to diagnose liver diseases, but also to determine their severity and the dynamics of changes in the process of further pharmacotherapy. The purpose of this study is to conduct an experimental study aimed at studying changes in the pharmacokinetics of exogenous sorbitol in the blood plasma of laboratory animals, which will establish starting points for further assessment of changes in its elimination properties in hepatobiliary pathologies. The level of Dglucitol was determined by the Corcoran and Page method with modification for 12 hours (step - 2 hours) in blood serum obtained by venipuncture of the tail vein, after administration of an experimental composition based on D-glucitol. Time intervals were selected based on the reported half-life of the drug. Based on the results of the study, we noted the following patterns in the biotransformation of D-glucitol: a linear increase in concentration up to 6 hours after administration (with a peak at 6 hours), a linear decrease in the period from 6 to 8 hours after administration, then a sharp decrease in concentration. Thus, the type of elimination of D-glucitol in clinically healthy animals can be assessed as “linear”. In the process of further research, it is planned to develop special “D-glucitol elimination curves”. These graphs will show the dynamics of exogenous D-glucitol removal over time in various hepatobiliary disorders.
Dosimetry Measurement at XStrahl 200 and XStrahl 300 X-Ray Therapy Devices
Authors: Smyslov A. Yu. , Kokontcev A. A.
Published: May 2024

Purpose: To conduct a comparative analysis of the dosimetric characteristics of X-ray therapy devices XStrahl200 and XStrahl300 series (UK).
Material and methods: 5 XStrahl 200 and 6 XStrahl 300 devices were used in this study. The measuring equipment included a PC Electrometer, a connecting cable and two ionization chambers for low and medium energies. Dosimetric measurements included measurements of the HVL for all defined modes of the devices and the absorbed dose at reference points for low and medium energies.
Results: The values of HVL that were obtained for all of modes of both types of x-ray devices have a good match and correspond to the tolerant levels set in the documentation. The absorbed dose for reference applicators d3/20 and 10x10/50 has a small deviation for all devices.
Conclusion: In general, the values of the averaged beams for all combinations of mode-applicator can be used as a reference when X-ray therapy devices calibrating, and can be helpful for medical physicists and dosimetrists avoid gross errors.
Rapid Plan Module Applying to Optimize the Planning Process for Treatment of Head and Neck and Rectal Cancer
Authors: Morozova E. P. , Gromova N. V. , Petrova A. F. , Shkurupii M. S.
Published: May 2024

In situations where the number of patients is large, it may be necessary to quickly create dosimetry plan without compromising the quality of the final plan. With the help of the modern technologies, it is possible to optimize and standardize the dosimetry planning process. The Varian Eclipse planning system has a Rapid Plan module, which is an automated system for creating plans based on the database of clinical plans (1-4). Knowledge-based planning is a promising method that can improve plan quality and speed up treatment planning.
In this study the performance of volume modulated radiotherapy planning optimization (VMAT) for head and neck and rectal cancer was examined. Plans were compared based on dose statistics for critical organs and planning target volume using dose-volume histograms. Each model is configured on more than 50 real plans.
The plans made using the RapidPlan had dose distributions no worse than the dose distributions of clinical plans. No statistically significant differences were found regarding planning target volume (PTV) coverage. The model was used for already treated patients with different types of localizations. The results indicate that automation of dosimetry planning is possible using the Rapid Plan module, and this may facilitate its use in clinical practice.
CT-Filters and Radiation Therapy Planning Accuracy: Curve CT-to-ED Recalibration Necessary?
Authors: Alekseeva E. I. , Nikolaenko V. A.
Published: May 2024

Relevance: This article examines the effect of the presence or absence of an ImAR filter on the calibration curve for converting X-ray tomography (CT) data to relative electron density (CT-to-ED) values for the abdominal region and head. On CT images this results in distortion of Hounsfield Units (HU) values. The latter, in turn, can lead to inaccuracies in the CT-to-ED calibration curve.
Conclusions: If the filters are set up correctly and applied according to the planning system manufacturer's recommendations, changes in the CT-to-Ed curve should be negligible. CT-to-ED curves are an important tool for improving the accuracy and quality of radiation therapy for cancer
A Risk Assessment Model for Navigation Safety of Maritime Aquaculture Platform Based on AIS Ship Trajectory
Authors: Zhixiu Du
Published: May 2024

With the rapid increase of maritime aquaculture platform, how to reduce its impact on maritime traffic safety is of great significance to the rapid development of shipping. According to the characteristics of aquaculture platform and maritime environment, The aquaculture platform is superimposed on the ship AIS (Automatic identification systems) big data traffic flow analysis platform. The effects of the distance between the marine aquaculture platform and shipping routes, port facilities and cargo vessel traffic flow channels were studied. The effects between the platform and meteorological conditions, fishing vessel activity and passenger routes were studied. The mathematical assessment model of navigation safety risk of aquaculture platform based on MTLAB was studied. Taking the “Qiandong No. 1” semi-submersible wave energy farming platform as an example. The navigation safety risk assessment is carried out and the risk control measures are put forward. Experiments are carried out with actual data and the effectiveness of the proposed method is proved.
Exploring the Impact of Influencing Factors on High-Quality Development in the Manufacturing Industry: A Comprehensive Analysis using Citespace Visualization and WSR-DEMATEL
Authors: Xiaoli Qu
Published: May 2024

High-quality development of the manufacturing industry is a key path to meet the growing needs of the people for a better life and boost China's economy under the double-cycle development pattern. The study focuses on the influencing factors of the high-quality development level of the manufacturing industry. Firstly, the study utilizes the Citespace visualization analysis tool to outline the research hotspots and development trends in this field, comprehensively understanding the interrelationships among influencing factors and their evolving tendencies. This provides valuable information resources for constructing the final indicator system of influencing factors; Secondly, the study constructed an index system of influencing factors based on the WSR (wuli-shili-renli) system methodology, and at the same time, it used the decision-making experiment and experimentation method (DEMATEL) to explore the interrelationships among the 11 influences and to calculate their centrality and causality; Finally, this study portrayed and comparatively analyzed the degree of importance of each influencing factor, and identifies the key influencing factors. The result shows that: Executive team heterogeneity, human capital structure, government subsidy, digital economy, business environment, and green technology innovation are the key influencing factors for the high-quality development of the manufacturing industry. The study can provide theoretical significance and practical enlightenment for the manufacturing industry to enhance its development level to realize high-quality development.
Bayesian Algorithm for The Construction of Logistics Node Delay Model and Its Impact on Subsequent Nodes in Supply Chain
Authors: Pengliang Qiao
Published: May 2024

The logistics nodes delay of supply chain has become a focus of customer complaints at the State Post Bureau of China in recent years. Nodes delay usually also brings uncertain business loss. The purpose of this paper is to explore propagation of nodes delay and make it precisely controllable. To address this, Netica software is used and a hybrid strategy of genetic algorithm (GA) and tabu search algorithm (TS) validated by datasets is utilized to optimize the Bayesian algorithm model. Bayesian algorithm model of logistics nodes delay of supply chain is constructed through parameter learning. The empirical analysis is conducted on the basis of three types of nodes delay with 2041 sets of data for cargo departures and arrivals, upstream nodes delay, and nodes delay of supply chain. The results show that the nodes delay of supply chain gradually decreases from upstream to downstream; there are strong correlations between propagation probability and transfer time of nodes delay; the effects of initial node delay are the maximum, after 3 transitions, still having 30% probability to affect the succeeding nodes. Therefore, some suggestions, such as controlling the transfer points and transfer time and strengthening the management of initial node delay, are given.
Development of an Electronic Photo Sensor for Chlorophyll Detection
Authors: Hema Kale
Published: May 2024

The amount of chlorophyll in plant leaves can be measured using time-consuming and challenging traditional chemical procedures; alternatively, highly expensive sensor-based meters are available in the market. In this paper, the design of an inexpensive, less complex, optimum-sized ESP-32-based electronic chlorophyll reader is presented. For the suggested electronic reader the design of the photosensor circuit is the primary focus of the study. It includes designing current amplifier circuits for photodetectors and LED driver circuits for red and infrared LEDs. Spectral absorption by leaf chlorophyll is the parameter used for measuring chlorophyll. Regarding leaf chlorophyll spectral absorption, red LEDs are the most absorbing. Utilizing this function, red LED spectrum absorption measurements are made for various plant leaves. The chlorophyll content of the same leaves is then determined in the botany lab using Arnon's method. To confirm the photosensor design, the red LED spectrum absorbance and the chlorophyll identified using Arnon's technique are analyzed for different leaves. The photosensor is verified to be operating correctly. Additionally, a linear regression model for performance analysis is provided.
Lung Cancer Detection Using CNN VGG19 + Model
Authors: Nandkishor Chhagan Patil
Published: May 2024

In the last many years, lung cancer has become a major public health concern. To examine cell breakdown in the lungs in its starting stages, doctors often use imaging modalities such as X-ray chest films, CT scans, MRIs, etc. The timing of diagnosis determines the course of therapy. Artificial intelligence (AI) is a hotspot for developing computational models of human intellect. In this research, we aim to enhance the detection and classification of lung nodules from CT images using a novel deep learning approach. Our study builds upon an extensive review of existing lung cancer detection methods, highlighting their strengths and weaknesses. This LIDC/IDRI dataset has been used in over half of the most recent research on lung cancer diagnosis. While several Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) architecture are adequate to process medical field data using technology solutions to discover and diagnose Lung cancer, here we proposed model VGG-19+ model. It is known for its strong feature extraction capabilities. It outflanks the ongoing model on a few exhibition measures, including exactness, accuracy, responsiveness/review, and f1-score.This research using VGG-19+ model could lead to more widespread utilization in cancer diagnosis by enhancing early lung cancer detection and developing the field of medical image analysis.
Optimizing Underwater Vision: A Rigorous Investigation into Cnn's Deep Image Enhancement for Subaquatic Scenes
Authors: Shubhangi N. Ghate
Published: May 2024

In this paper, Convolutional Neural Networks were used to enhance the visual fidelity of underwater images. The UWCNN is introduced in this article, which utilizes underwater scene priors and a CNN model to improve underwater photos. The UWCNN model proposes a method where the clear latent underwater image is immediately rebuilt using the underwater scene as training data, rather than relying on parameter guessing in an underwater imaging model. Our UWCNN model may be used for frame-by-frame augmentation in underwater videos because to its lightweight network structure and efficient training data. In this dataset for underwater image deterioration by integrating an underwater photography physical model with optical characteristics of underwater landscapes are provided which includes a wide range of water types and degradation levels. Alternatively, one might choose to go light. A Neural Network (CNN) model is constructed using the related training data in order to enhance the quality of underwater scenes. Ultimately, the UWCNN model is used to improve the quality of underwater videos. The efficacy of our technology is shown via the analysis of both authentic and synthetic underwater photos.
Effect of Installation Conditions on Thermal Deformation and Positioning Accuracy of a Ball Screw in Motion
Authors: Ya-Lan Qiu
Published: May 2024

Thermal deformation is an important factor affecting the positioning accuracy of a ball screw. Existing studies focus on the influence of the temperature rise of a ball screw on thermal deformation but ignore the impact of installation mode on thermal deformation and positioning accuracy. This paper analyzes the effects of the two modes of high-precision installation: fixing both ends of the screw, and supporting one end while fixing the other. The installation mode is found to have a very strong influence on positioning accuracy. The thermal deformation of the screw with both ends fixed is affected by the temperature rise of the bearings at both ends, and the deformation amount is smaller than that with one end fixed. The screw undergoes thermal expansion on both sides when both ends are fixed, but only on one side when one end is fixed. This has a very significant effect on the precision of the screw and provides a specific basis for devising thermal compensation measures.
Cold adaptation does not handicap warm tolerance in the most abundant Arctic seabird
Authors: Beaman Julian , Grémillet David
Published: May 2024

Arctic birds and mammals are physiologically adapted to survive in cold environments but live in the fastest warming region on the planet. They should therefore be most threatened by climate change. We fitted a phylogenetic model of upper critical temperature (TUC) in 255 bird species and determined that TUC for dovekies (Alle alle; 22.4°C)—the most abundant seabird in the Arctic—is 8.8°C lower than predicted for a bird of its body mass (150 g) and habitat latitude. We combined our comparative analysis with in situ physiological measurements on 36 dovekies from East Greenland and forward-projections of dovekie energy and water expenditure under different climate scenarios. Based on our analyses, we demonstrate that cold adaptation in this small Arctic seabird does not handicap acute tolerance to air temperatures up to at least 15°C above their current maximum. We predict that climate warming will reduce the energetic costs of thermoregulation for dovekies, but their capacity to cope with rising temperatures will be constrained by water intake and salt balance. Dovekies evolved 15 million years ago, and their thermoregulatory physiology might also reflect adaptation to a wide range of palaeoclimates, both substantially warmer and colder than the present day.
Grievances and conspiracy theories as motivators of anti-authority protests
Authors: Cubitt Timothy , Morgan Anthony , Voce Isabella
Published: May 2024

This study involved interviews with a sample of individuals who protested in opposition to public health measures introduced during the COVID-19 pandemic. These interviews were analysed to explore the motivations for participating in protest activity. Protesters were motivated by strong personal grievances based on perceived negative experiences and deterioration of their or their family’s personal circumstances. For many respondents, these grievances were shaped by and amplified by adherence to conspiratorial ideologies and sovereign citizen beliefs. The combination of grievances and conspiratorial beliefs fostered mistrust and strong anti-government sentiment. For many, the response by government had steeled their resolve to protest. These findings demonstrate the diverse and sometimes extreme views that can motivate people to participate in protest activity against government authority.
ALTERITÀ, RITUALITÀ E MESSA IN SCENA: L’INVOCAZIONE DI DARIO NEI PERSIANIDI ESCHILO
Authors: Boscarino Mattia
Published: May 2024

Questo lavoro analizza la rappresentazione dell’invocazione di Dario nei Persianidi Eschilo. Prendendo in esame alcune questioni linguistiche e gli aspetti relativi alla messa in scena del rito di invocazione, si vuole mostrare che il poeta enfatizza l’estraneità rispetto agli spettatori dei costumi persiani a cui allude sulla scena. Allo stesso tempo Eschilo non rinuncia a guidare la ricezione del pubblico, dal momento che ricorrendo al patrimonio di conoscenze condiviso dagli spettatori chiarisce che il defunto invocato presenta tratti insieme umani e divini. Si ritiene dunque che attraverso una commistione di elementi greci più facilmente interpretabili dagli spettatori il poeta intende rendere più comprensibili per questi ultimi le forme di pensiero edi civiltà persiane, compiendo un’operazione di mediazione.
LA REPRESENTACIÓN CIUDADANA DE LA STÁSIS ATENIENSE EN LOS ALEGATOS FORENSES DE ISÓCRATES
Authors: Ramis Juan Pablo
Published: May 2024

Realizado desde la perspectiva de la Historia de las ideas políticas, el presente estudio se detiene en los primeros cuatro discursos de Isócrates –Contra Eutino, Recurso contra Calímaco, Contra Loquites y Sobre el tronco de los caballos– y procura demostrar que estas alocuciones judiciales evidencian la impronta de la stásis ateniense del 404-403 a.C. en la memoria colectiva de los ciudadanos. El análisis se apoya en las indagaciones de la Escuela de Cambridge y en las de helenistas como Josiah Ober, Michael Gagarin, Andrew Wolpert y Konstantinos Kapparis, quienes resaltan el valor histórico de la oratoria ateniense de la cuarta centuria. En este sentido, el artículo considera que el discurso forense está íntimamente asociado al conflicto interno y, de modo análogo, que los alegatos judiciales de Isócrates están marcados por la stásis que aquejó a Atenas durante la tiranía de los Treinta y la subsiguiente restauración democrática. En definitiva, se advierte que esta sección del corpus isocrático puede ser un instrumento para examinar, antes que las ideas del rétor, aquellas con las que se identificaba un importante sector de la ciudadanía ateniense.
«¿QUIÉN DIJO QUE ES LA LIBERACIÓN DE LOS MALES?» (7.176.5): LA MUERTE EN EPIGRAMAS DE LA ANTOLOGÍA PALATINA
Authors: Difabio Elbia Haydeé
Published: May 2024

Los tópicos literarios universalizan la necesidad humana tanto del amor como de la empatía de los vivos para que los muertos persistan en el recuerdo y en el tiempo histórico, para que superen de algún modo la finitud irreparable. En la Antigua Grecia, el inframundo causa estupor y espanto. El imaginario está lleno de personajes sufrientes que habitan en el Hades. Un agente singular es Tánato, intimidante figura masculina, encarnación de la Muerte. Su función no consiste en dar muerte, como la Gorgona o la Ker, sino en acoger el alma del fallecido. Sin embargo, su tarea responde a un orden cósmico y es ejecutor de las decisiones de las Moiras. En minúscula, expresa nuestra condición de mortales y estas reflexiones están orientadas a esta acepción. A tal fin, el recorrido metodológico ha consistido en la búsqueda de la palabra θάνατος y derivados principales en la Antología Palatina mediante la aplicación del sistema Diógenes y en la selección acotada de epigramas según algunos de los tópicos mencionados, traducción personal de las fuentes originales griegas, cotejo con las versiones latina, inglesa e italiana y análisis temático de las facetas y funciones que asume la Muerte en clave epigramática, a cuyo estudio se suman notas filológicas.
ALESSANDRO MAGNO NEL DIALOGO TRA ROMANI E GRECI
Authors: Santoni François
Published: May 2024

L’obiettivo di questo lavoro è di andare oltre gli strumenti analitici di imitatio, aemulatio e comparatio dedicati allo studio delle ricezioni romana della figura di Alessandro Magno, indagando sull’uso della sua immagine nelle interazioni tra Romani e Greci. Considerando che la maggior parte delle ricezioni che ci vengono trasmesse dalle fonti sono legate agli usi dell’immagine di Alessandro destinati ad un pubblico, si possono individuare situazioni in cui il Macedone rappresenta uno strumento di dialogo, e talvolta di negoziazione tra Romani e Greci. Per i primi, l’intento è di ottenere l’adesione delle comunità ellenistiche alla loro politica o ai loro magistrati, per i secondi si tratta di conseguire dei vantaggi dai loro legami con Alessandro.
DEBATE HISTORIOGRÁFICO SOBRE LA CONSTITUCIÓN ROMANA
Authors: Balmaceda Catalina
Published: May 2024

Este artículo trata sobre el tipo de gobierno que se dio durante el periodo llamado «república romana» y presenta las distintas posturas que lo analizan como un gobierno de corte más aristocrático o uno de tipo más democrático. El fértil debate historiográfico que se ha venido dando en estos últimos treinta años ha conseguido que lleguemos a conocer mucho mejor y más profundamente el funcionamiento del sistema político romano y que podamos también dar cuenta más a cabalidad tanto las causas de su grandeza como las de su declinar.
NOTAS PARA EL ESTUDIO DE DK 28 B 3
Authors: Bahamonde Farías Francisco
Published: May 2024

El presente trabajo se plantea como objetivo dilucidar algunos de los aspectos más relevantes de DK 28 B 3, el fragmento 3 del Poema Perì Fýseos del filósofo griego Parménides de Elea. Sobre él, nos plantearemos algunas preguntas en torno al significado y relevancia de los elementos que se presentan en él, para concluir con una reflexión acerca del sentido global de este fragmento y las luces que puede arrojar sobre el resto del Poema. El propósito general de este artículo es, pues, indagar en la relevancia de DK 28 B 3 en el marco de la filosofía de Parménides. Los principales resultados alcanzados son: primero, una caracterización del sentido de la noción de noûs en el pensamiento del Eleata; segundo, ahondar en el alcance de la expresión tò auto que Parménides emplea en el fragmento 3; y por último, una reflexión sobre la influencia eleata en la filosofía posterior.
Nikos Kazantzakis, La mia Grecia (Ταξιδεύοντας Μοριάς). Traduzione di Gilda Tentorio. Crocetti editore, Milano 2021, 208 pp.
Authors: Spano Aldo
Published: May 2024

Si deve al lavoro encomiabile di Crocetti editore la riscoperta di uno dei più grandi scrittori greci della prima metà del Novecento: Nikos Kazantzakis (Hiraklion 1883-Friburgo in Brisgovia 1957). Infatti, grazie alla recente pubblicazione di diverse opere di questo poeta, che per la prima volta sono tradotte direttamente dal greco all’italiano , la cultura italiana oggi ha modo di accostarsi in modo nuovo alla profondità concettuale di uno degli autori più prolifici e affascinanti del panorama letterario mondiale. In questo commento, si cercherà di ripercorrere gli aspetti più rilevanti de La mia Grecia, una raccolta di riflessioni frutto di un viaggio in treno nella sua terra nel 1937, commissionato dalla rivista Kathimerini.
ESTUDIAR E INVESTIGAR HISTORIA ROMANA ANTIGUA EN CHILE: SIGLOS XX-XXI
Authors: Cruz Nicolás
Published: May 2024

El presente artículo ofrece un registro reflexivo sobre el estudio y la investigación de Roma antigua en Chile durante los siglos XX y XXI. Se plantea un análisis desde la década de 1970 en adelante, a partir de fuentes escritas y entrevistas. Se reconocen tres generaciones que, vinculadas directa o indirectamente a través de la docencia y la investigación, han desarrollado los estudios de historia romana en Chile, cuyo desempeño está directamente relacionado con el contexto institucional, universitario y de política pública nacional: centros regionales de desarrollo universitario, transformación de la universidad chilena y la emergencia de proyectos Fondecyt.
The Effects of a Baseball Season on Various Body Composition Measurements in NCAA Division I Baseball Players
Authors: R. Marthens Jordan , R. Sanchez Porush Sofia , A. Sharpless Selena , K. Oates Mary , A. Schaffner Andrew , K. Sikalidis Angelos , K. Reaves Scott
Published: May 2024

Purpose: The purpose of our study was to evaluate the body composition fluctuation pattern, in baseball players thus generating insights that may contribute to optimization of the diet/training regimes for maximal performance and optimal health.Methods: Dual energy x-ray absorptiometry (DXA) scans performed at the start and end of five different seasons (2015-2019) were analyzed and compared. Groups were stratified to examine differences in players’ positions (Pitchers vs. Position Players) and first-year status effects (Freshman/Transfer vs. Sophomore/Junior/Seniors). Results: Body weight and lean body mass, significantly decreased from the beginning to end of season for the overall team (p ≤ 0.05). Position Players exhibited a statistically significant decline in body weight, body fat percentage, and fat mass (p ≤ 0.05) during the season while pitchers did not demonstrate significant changes in these measures. First-year players exhibited a statistically significant increase in visceral adipose tissue (VAT) mass over the season while Sophomore/Junior/Seniors demonstrated a significant decrease in body weight and fat mass (p ≤ 0.05).Conclusion: Baseball players’ body composition changes over the season, therefore, the study results may be helpful for collegiate baseball programs, and potentially athletes in similar sports, to improve the performance, development, and health of young student athletes.
The Assessment of Nutrition Knowledge in ROTC Cadets
Authors: Boyum Lara , Franks Corbit , Kostelnik Samantha , Andre Thomas , Valliant Melinda , Joung Hyun-Woo
Published: May 2024

Introduction: The purpose of this study was to measure the nutrition knowledge of Army ROTC cadets before and after the implementation of nutrition education sessions presented by a registered dietitian nutritionist (RDN), while observing the effectiveness of nutrition intervention on this population.Methods: Army ROTC cadets (n=33; 19+1 years old) from a southeastern university participated in a 9-week study in which they completed a nutrition knowledge survey pre- and post- implementation of six nutrition education sessions. General nutrition knowledge (GNK) and sports nutrition knowledge (SNK) were measured via the Abridged Nutrition for Sport Knowledge Questionnaire (ANSKQ).Results: General, sports, and total nutrition knowledge (TNK) improved significantly between pre-survey and post-survey scores (p < .001; p < .01; p < .001, respectively). Independent samples t-test showed large t-score values (GNK t = -3.559; SNK t = -2.794; TNK t = -3.776), indicating a strong difference between the three groups. Army ROTC cadet ANSKQ scores significantly improved GNK from adequate to good, SNK from poor to adequate, and TNK from poor to adequate.Conclusions: The results of this study indicate nutrition knowledge is poor in ROTC cadets, but may improve from nutrition education interventions presented by an RDN.