bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
DEMOCRATIE AFRICANE FACE AUX DEFIS DE LA BONNE GOUVERNANCE. ANALYSE SUR LA REPUBLIQUE DEMOCRATIQUE DU CONGO
Authors:   Assistant à l’Université Pédagogique Nationale/Kinshasa-RDC, DUDU Martin SHALO
Published: December 2024

En Afrique, la question de la démocratie se pose avec acuité et simultanément, avec celle du mieux-être national. A la lecture de l’état de lieu de la gouvernance et de la démocratie, on ne peut pas faire abstraction de la situation visible et courante en République Démocratique du Congo. Mais celle-ci ne doit pas déterminer une perception figée qui renfermerait le Congo-Kinshasa dans une sorte de fatalité dominée par les conflits, la mauvaise gouvernance et une démocratie inachevée. La République Démocratique du Congo connait une forte dynamique de changement qui se traduit entre autre par des performances nouvelles notées dans les domaines de la démocratie et la gouvernance. Il est question dans cet article d’identifier les obstacles et entraves qui freinent la bonne gouvernance, relever les défis et proposer les solutions en termes de perspectives.

Mots-clés : démocratie, bonne gouvernance, développement, RDC.
GOUVERNANCE DU SECTEUR MINIER EN REPUBLIQUE DEMOCRATIQUE DU CONGO : DEFIS ET PERSPECTIVES
Authors:   Assistant de premier mandat à l’Université Pédagogique Nationale/Kinshasa-RDC, MBULU Mitterrand MUYENSI
Published: December 2024

Le présent article examine dans quelle mesure la bonne gouvernance du secteur minier peut contribuer à la croissance économique en République Démocratique du Congo. Dans le passé, les mines représentaient le moteur de l’économie congolaise. Mais, au fil des années, les recettes et autres retombées du secteur n’ont pas été utilisées d’une manière rationnelle ou durable, en grande partie du fait de graves problèmes de gouvernance dans le secteur.

Mots-clés : gouvernance, secteur minier, code minier, croissance économique.
Application of artificial intelligence in promoting economic transparency and optimizing liquidity management
Authors: Soleimani Jamal
Published: December 2024

This study examines the transformative role of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in improving economic transparency and liquidity management. AI technologies, such as machine learning and predictive analytics, significantly enhance the accuracy and timeliness of economic data analysis, assisting financial institutions and central banks in decision-making. The study emphasizes the need for robust regulatory frameworks to ensure the ethical use of AI, with a focus on data privacy and algorithmic transparency. Key recommendations include enhancing high-quality data collection, promoting interdisciplinary collaboration, utilizing AI for real-time market monitoring, addressing algorithmic biases, and increasing transparency in AI models. The research also underscores the importance of continuous education and training for financial professionals and advocates for ethical AI practices to build market trust. By strategically integrating AI and supporting ongoing innovation, this study aims to optimize liquidity management and strengthen economic stability while addressing technical and ethical challenges in the financial sector.
Impulsivity, Non-suicidal Self-harm and Psychological Distress among Emerging Adult Offenders Incarcerated in Punjab, Pakistan Prisons
Authors: Kausar Noreena , Riaz Saima , Aziz Talha , Rafique Sara
Published: December 2024

Previous research has exposed that non-suicidal self-harm and impulsivity are linked with psychological distress among incarcerated inmates in prisons. The current study investigated impulsivity, psychological distress and non-suicidal self-harm among emerging adult offenders incarcerated in Punjab, Pakistan prisons. A correlational research based on cross-sectional survey research design was conducted on a sample of N = 150 emerging adults incarcerated in Punjab Prisons in District Jail Faisalabad and Central Jail Gujranwala, Pakistan, via snowball sampling technique. The Impulsive Behavior Short Scale (I–8), DASS-21, and Suicidal Concern for Offenders in the Prison Environment (SCOPE-2) were used for data collection. The results indicated that impulsivity, psychological distress and non-suicidal self-harm have significant correlation. Hierarchical regression analysis revealed that impulsivity was a significant predictor of psychological distress. Impulsive behaviour, non-suicidal self-harm and psychological distress can be attributed to a negative environment inside the prison environment.
Language characteristics illustrating mass suicide in the destructive cult sermons
Authors: Palayon Raymund T. , Todd Richard Watson , Vungthong Sompatu
Published: December 2024

Destructive cults remain a significant focus in religious research due to their extreme behaviours and tragic outcomes. Among the most notorious were Peoples Temple led by Jim Jones and Heaven’s Gate led by Marshall Applewhite. They shocked the world by committing mass suicide. Previous studies have mainly focused on the psychological and behavioural aspects of these groups, particularly in the context of these tragic events. This paper examined the meaningful linguistic features in Jim Jones’ sermons and Marshall Applewhite’s sermons in the period leading up to the mass suicide. By comparing them to the mainstream sermons and sect sermons using keyword and collocation analysis, distinct patterns emerged. Jim Jones’ sermons contain words associated with negative sociopolitical views (such as socialism, communism, war, violence, and killed), which allowed Peoples Temple to express mass suicide literally. In contrast, Marshall Applewhite’s sermons contain implicative words associated with distance and movements (such as heavenly, planet, vehicle, overcoming, and separate), enabling Heaven’s Gate to express mass suicide in a figurative manner. Both sermons apply communication styles where three styles: othering (we, they), intensification (very, really), and negation (can’t) are common in the two datasets, allowing each leader to convey mass suicide. The findings guide us to characterize the behavioural effects of mass suicide and these provide communication signs to identify the dangerous characteristics of suspicious religious groups before their destructive activities happen.
Reverse engineering and finite element analysis of Ti-6Al-4V orthopaedic hip implants
Authors: Čolić Katarina , Sedmak Simon
Published: December 2024

The goal of the research presented is to combine reverse engineering methodologies with a numerical approach to analyse the structural integrity of artificial hip implants made of Ti-6Al-4V alloy subjected to different types of loads. In this way, numerical models validate the adopted methodology for obtaining implant geometry using 3D scanning, while also providing valuable insight into the behaviour of hip implants under different static loading cases. Since 3D scanning is proven as efficient and reliable for obtaining accurate geometry of various types of implants, it is applied in this research. Following a detailed development of a hip implant model geometry, involving 3D scanning and refining the obtained point cloud to a level that would realistically represent the actual hip implant, numerical models are made based on the obtained geometry. Results of these simulations using the finite element method in ANSYS® software have provided realistic values of stresses in most critical areas of the hip implant. The precise value of load that would produce plastic strain on the implant is also determined and is used as the limit criterion for selecting load cases for further analysis. This analysis would involve the assessment of fatigue life of hip implants with the same geometry and the same material while assuming the presence of a crack in the most critical area.
Bio-waste-based cement for sustainable civil engineering practice
Authors: Terzić Anja , Filipović Suzana , Mijatović Nevenka , Obradović Nina , Fahrenholtz William , Janković Ksenija , Bojović Dragan
Published: December 2024

Industrial byproducts are being increasingly used as raw materials in the cement clinker production. This can help to address the issue of huge amounts of eggshell waste that are discarded into the environment. This bio-waste has a trigonal-calcite structure and similar behaviour as limestone. In this study, cement clinker is synthesized at 1300 °C using eggshell waste in place of limestone. The raw materials are mechanically activated in a high-energy mill. The sintering kinetics are calculated using the results of differential thermal analysis. Mechanical activation modified the spatial distribution of Al, Si, Ca, and Fe, thereby improving the reactivity which in turn decreased the sintering temperature of the clinker. The study demonstrated that eggshell waste is a suitable replacement for limestone in the production of ordinary Portland cement.
Threshold drifts of structural performance levels in ductility-limited walls with ductile mesh
Authors: Barboza Andrea Rubi Nicole Calero , Martinez José Alberto Acero , Ruiz-Pico Ángel Antonio
Published: December 2024

This paper presents the experimental results performed by SENCICO, based on cyclic loads that were applied to 03 walls of limited ductility brought to failure in laboratory tests. These results were evaluated and processed in order to analyse their performance under controlled lateral loading conditions, to obtain their hysteretic loops representing their stiffness degradation in 13 proposed phases. In turn, the enveloping capacity curves were determined for each specimen in order to obtain a representative curve for the samples. Subsequently, the representative curve is validated through a theoretical calibration with the help of the ETABS® software, adding the nonlinearity to the materials and the mathematical model, obtaining an analytical capacity curve very similar to the experimental one. In addition, a trilinear curve is proposed that fits accurately and represents very well the performance of walls with limited ductility in their elastic, post-cracking and post-creep performance conditions. Finally, the trilinear capacity curve is sectorized in its structural performance levels with their respective threshold drifts, guided by the guidelines proposed by SEAOC VISION 2000.
Numerical study of baffle parameters effect on field flow and power consumption
Authors: Chenoun Abdelkader , Ameur Houari , Belalia Azeddine , Benzeguir Redouane , Meliani Mohammed Hadj , Kamla Youcef , Driss Ziad , Suleiman Rami K. , Milović Ljubica , Lamsadfa Sidamar
Published: December 2024

The current state of research in the field of stirred tanks across diverse industrial sectors places significant focus on the design of stirred tanks, turbine blades, and baffles. This research involves a numerical investigation which focuses on examining the velocity field in a tank subjected to mechanical agitation through a Rushton turbine, particularly in turbulent flow conditions. The study utilises a Newtonian fluid as the working medium and explores the influence of various factors, including the number and placement of baffles. The investigation employs a specialised calculation code called CFX 18.0. The numerical results are analysed to determine and discuss the impact of geometrical parameters, such as the number two, three and four shape, and spacing between vertical tubular baffles, on the power characteristics obtained for each impeller type.
Percepción de la cultura de seguridad del paciente en un centro quirúrgico privado: evaluar para mejorar
Authors: Rosales Meléndez Augusto Alfonso , Montoya Cindy Regina
Published: December 2024

Introducción. La cultura de seguridad del paciente es un pilar fundamental para mejorar la calidad de la atención en salud. El objetivo de este estudio fue caracterizar la cultura de seguridad del paciente en un establecimiento de salud privado en Francisco Morazán, Honduras, durante septiembre-octubre de 2023. Métodos. Estudio cuantitativo, transversal descriptivo en un centro privado de atención quirúrgica ambulatoria. La muestra incluyó 34 profesionales sanitarios con funciones de atención directa al paciente, seleccionados mediante muestreo no probabilístico a conveniencia. Se evaluó la cultura de seguridad del paciente con el Cuestionario SOPSTM versión 2.0, aplicado electrónicamente en un centro de salud privado. Resultados. Las variables mejor evaluadas fueron: el trabajo en equipo (77%), transferencias e intercambio de información (74%) y respuesta a los errores (71%). Las variables con menores puntuaciones fueron presión y ritmo de trabajo (54%), comunicación acerca de errores (54%) y reporte de eventos de seguridad (55%). El aprendizaje organizativo fue calificado de 69% y el apoyo por los supervisores de 67%. La calificación global de la seguridad del paciente fue de 64%. Conclusión. La percepción de los empleados sobre la cultura de seguridad del paciente indica que hay áreas de mejora en el hospital evaluado, debiendo mejorarse en cuanto a presión, ritmo de trabajo, comunicación sobre errores y reporte de eventos de seguridad. El uso de este cuestionario puede ayudar a mejorar la cultura de seguridad en las organizaciones sanitarias.
ENSAIO LÉXICO-SEMÂNTICO DOS CONSELHOS DIRETORES NAS UNIVERSIDADES FEDERAIS: O CASO DA UFAC
Authors: Moraes Carlos Paula de , Souza Ivone de Oliveira Moraes de , Farias Dailton Albuquerque de
Published: December 2024

De acordo com a Constituição Federal do Brasil de 1988, art.207, que normatiza sobre a autonomia universitária, bem como a possibilidade de organização didático-científica, administrativa, financeira e patrimonial, das instituições universitárias no Brasil, que deveriam obedecer ao princípio da indissociabilidade entre ensino, pesquisa e extensão; faremos um levantamento lexical da presença dos Conselhos Diretores dentro das diferentes estruturas administrativas das universidades federais brasileiras para uma posterior análise semântica da relação entre o referido conselho na estrutura geral, bem como nos Estatutos e Regimentos das instituições de ensino superior. Para tanto, metodologicamente, faremos um levantamento no site da Associação dos Dirigentes das Instituições de Ensino Superior –Andifes, sobre a presença do Conselho Diretor na estrutura das diferentes instituições universitárias ligadas à aquela associação. Posteriormente será analisada a regulamentação e a função, dentro de cada estrutura universitária, quanto a semântica do referido conselho e de sua relação com os outros órgãos/conselhos em cada instituição. Tendo como intenção evidenciar as razões históricas/filosóficas que levaram a Universidade Federal do Acre a adotar na sua organização dos Conselhos Superiores a estrutura do seu Conselho Diretor, bem como a necessidade de operar certa correção nos seus documentos por ocasião da reformulação do seu Estatuto e Regimento Geral.
The Impact of Pregnant Women's Nutritional Intake on Fetal Health and Growth
Authors: Utami  , Yolanda Lusia Sepang Mareyke , Sri Aisyah Hidayati  , Deddy S. Razak  , Nelwetis
Published: December 2024

Proper nutrition during pregnancy plays a crucial role in supporting fetal development and maintaining the mother's health. However, there is still a knowledge gap among pregnant women, especially in rural and remote areas, regarding the importance of nutritional intake during pregnancy. This study is aimed at comprehensively analyzing the impact of maternal nutritional intake on maternal health and growth. Methods. The study involves 150 purposively selected pregnant women who visited Puskesmas, health clinics, or maternal and child hospitals in Padang City during the 6-month period of the study. The data collection technique is done by interviewing pregnant women using questionnaires related to demographics and diet. The collected data will be analysed using statistical methods, descriptive test to see the general description of the characteristics of pregnant women and their nutritional intake, and chi square test to analyse the relationship between nutritional intake and infant birth weight (LBW). Results. Most pregnant women had a moderate level of knowledge about nutrition (46.7%), but there were 40% who had low knowledge. There was a significant relationship between pregnant women's knowledge level about nutrition and nutrient intake and its impact on LBW. Conclusions. Pregnant women have a low knowledge level regarding nutrition, which in turn affects foetal health, growth, and quality of life. With these measures, it is hoped that the risk of pregnancy complications due to malnutrition can be minimised and the quality of maternal and infant health can be significantly improved.
Harnessing Grassroots Visionary Leadership in Your Organization
Authors: Westover Jonathan
Published: December 2024

While visionary leadership is often associated with CEOs and top executives, the article explores how visionary characteristics can emerge from employees at any level of an organization. Visionary leadership is defined as the ability to envision new possibilities and inspire others, and it is driven more by one's character, values, and relationship-building skills rather than formal authority or job title. The article outlines key traits of grassroots visionary leaders, such as belief in an innovative vision, ability to build networks and collaborations, willingness to challenge the status quo, and passion to see the vision through, and discusses how they can overcome common barriers like lack of resources and internal resistance. Providing examples across industries, the article demonstrates how visionary leadership has been exhibited from non-executive roles, from an engineer at 3M championing the Post-it Note to an entry-level employee leading sustainability efforts at Unilever. The conclusion emphasizes that nurturing grassroots visionary leadership, rather than limiting it to the top, can be a strategic advantage for organizations facing accelerating change.
EFFECT OF ALBIT AND NPK ON THE GROWTH AND YIELD OF MAIZE (Zea Mays. L) IN MUBI NORTHERN GUINEA SAVANNAH OF NIGERIA
Authors: TIMON, F.  , AKWAYAMAI P. JOHN  , JEMIMA JIRGI  , JOHN, SIMON NYADANSOBI
Published: December 2024

The study determined the effect of Albit and Nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium (NPK) on the growth and yield of maize (zea mays L) in Mubi northern guinea savannah of Nigeria. To investigate the critical effect of albit and N.P.K on the growth and yield of maize, a field experiment was carried out at the Adamawa State University Research farm Mubi in the rainy seasons of 2023. The effect of Albit and N.P.K were evaluated. The experiment was laid in a randomized complete block design (RCBD) replicated three times. Data were taken on nine parameters; plant height, plant leaves, stem girth, dry matter weight, length of cob, diameter of cob, 100 seed weight, days to 50% tasseling, and yield per plot. Results were obtained after subjecting the data to analysis of variance (ANOVA). Results shows that the application of Albit + NPK produced a significant higher grain yield of 2.74 t/ha. Maize with Albit alone gave 2.4 t/ha and maize planted with NPK 2.4 t/ha which show no significant difference. In-terms of growth, application of Albit alone shows a promising result where it shows the same result with the application of NPK on plant and showed maize plant has more resistant ability to drought and plant viguor compared to NPK fertilizer. The research concludes that the planting of maize + Albit should be adopted in the northern guinea savannah region of Nigeria.
Pengaruh Penerapan Metode Bermain Peran (Role Playing) Terhadap Kemampuan Berpikir Kritis Peserta Didik Pada Materi Klasifikasi Makhluk Hidup
Authors: Furqon Faizah , Winarno Nanang , Afianti Eva
Published: December 2024

Berpikir kritis merupakan kemampuan yang penting untuk dimiliki peserta didik pada abad 21 ini terutama untuk mempelajari mata pelajaran IPA. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh metode pembelajaran bermain peran terhadap kemampuan berpikir kritis peserta didik pada materi klasifikasi makhluk hidup. Metode penelitian yang digunakan yaitu penelitian pre eksperimen dengan metode one grup pretest-postest. Sampel yang digunakan pada penelitian ini yaitu peserta didik kelas VII8 SMPN 52 Bandung yang berjumlah 34. Instrumen penelitian yang digunakan adalah instrumen tes kemampuan berpikir kritis sebanyak 10 soal uraian. Dari hasil uji paired sample T-test didapatkan nilai Signifikansi sebesar <0,001, nilai tersebut kurang dari taraf signifikansi yaitu sebesar 0,05, sehingga kesimpulannya H0 ditolak dan Ha diterima, selanjutnya dilakukan uji N-Gain dan diperoleh hasil 0,17 < 0,30 yang berarti pengaruh perlakuan yang diberikan tergolong rendah. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat pengaruh metode pembelajaran bermain peran terhadap kemampuan berpikir kritis peserta didik pada materi klasifikasi makhluk hidup yang ditandai dengan kenaikan nilai rata-rata hasil posttest sebesar 8,03.
Kewajiban Belajar Mengajar dalam Perspektif Al-Qur'an dan Relevansinya bagi Pendidikan Islam Kontemporer
Authors: Alawiyah Tuty
Published: December 2024

Penelitian ini membahas konsep kewajiban belajar mengajar dalam perspektif Al-Qur'an dan relevansinya bagi pendidikan Islam kontemporer. Dengan menggunakan metode kualitatif dan pendekatan tafsir tematik (maudhu'i), penelitian ini mengidentifikasi dan menganalisis ayat-ayat Al-Qur’an yang berkaitan dengan kewajiban belajar dan mengajar sebagai bagian integral dari pembentukan karakter Islami. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Al-Qur'an memandang proses pendidikan sebagai ibadah yang melibatkan tanggung jawab moral dan spiritual, serta menekankan pentingnya etika antara guru dan murid, penghargaan terhadap ilmu, dan motivasi belajar yang berlandaskan keimanan. Temuan ini memiliki relevansi yang besar dalam menjawab tantangan pendidikan Islam saat ini, yang sering kali berfokus pada aspek teknis dan akademik tanpa memperhatikan pembentukan karakter. Penelitian ini merekomendasikan agar pendidikan Islam kontemporer mengintegrasikan nilai-nilai Al-Qur'an dalam kurikulum dan pendekatan pembelajaran untuk menghasilkan generasi yang tidak hanya cerdas secara intelektual, tetapi juga memiliki integritas dan akhlak mulia. Implikasi dari penelitian ini memberikan arah bagi pengembangan sistem pendidikan Islam yang seimbang antara kecakapan intelektual dan moral, sesuai dengan tujuan pendidikan dalam Islam.
Study on Staged Acid Fracturing Technology for Horizontal Wells in Deep Carbonate Rocks
Authors:   Bohai drilling oil and gas cooperation development branch, Peng Chao , Wang Jian ,   Bohai drilling and downhole technical service branch, Liu Lishu ,   Bohai drilling and downhole technical service branch, Chen Tianying ,   Bohai drilling oil and gas cooperation development branch
Published: December 2024

Conventional and general reconstruction is the main way for carbonating horizontal wells, and the communication between acid fracturing and reservoir is limited. The horizontal well section is long, the filtration loss is huge, the acid-rock reaction speed is fast, and the acid loss is serious. Therefore, it is necessary to study the staged acidizing and fracturing technology for horizontal wells and start with the development of staged reconstruction tools to form a series of staged acidizing and fracturing technology for horizontal wells in deep carbonate rocks.
Summary of GR Steering Technology While Drilling in Carbonate Horizontal Wells
Authors:   National Engineering Research Center for Oil & Gas Drilling and Completion Technology, Yangtze University, Lou Yishan , Cheng Hanlie ,   COSL-EXPRO Testing Services (Tianjin) Co., Ltd
Published: December 2024

Horizontal wells are the key well type for the development of carbonate oil and gas fields, but the drilling of horizontal wells often faces technical problems such as low drilling rate of reservoirs and unreasonable borehole trajectory, which is not conducive to the later stage of reservoir reconstruction, seriously restricting the high and stable production of single wells and the development of oil and gas scale benefits. The traditional steering string while drilling is optimized, and the gamma steering combination design is innovated. By processing and analyzing the real-time gamma data obtained in drilling, the azimuth of well deviation is adjusted in time, so as to minimize the dogleg degree and ensure that the trajectory is stable and smooth in the designed target box. Improve the drilling rate of reservoirs, provide a good borehole environment for staged reconstruction, and play the role of horizontal wells in increasing production.
The Crucial Role of School Libraries in Influencing Children’s Literacy and Learning
Authors: Michèle I. Ernst
Published: December 2024

This systematic review delves into the pivotal role of school libraries in shaping children's literacy and learning outcomes. Drawing upon a comprehensive analysis of relevant literature, this study explores the multifaceted impact of school libraries on students' academic achievements, cognitive development, and lifelong learning skills. The review synthesizes findings from empirical studies, theoretical frameworks, and practical interventions to elucidate the diverse ways in which school libraries contribute to fostering literacy-rich environments and promoting educational success. Key themes addressed include the significance of library resources, such as books, digital media, and educational technologies, in enhancing literacy skills and facilitating information literacy. Moreover, the review examines the role of school librarians as educators, collaborators, and advocates for literacy, highlighting their influence on promoting reading culture, supporting curriculum integration, and fostering a love for lifelong learning among students. Additionally, the review explores the importance of equitable access to library resources and the impact of library programs on marginalized and underserved student populations. Through a critical synthesis of existing literature, this systematic review provides valuable insights for educators, policymakers, and stakeholders seeking to harness the full potential of school libraries as catalysts for children's literacy development and academic success.
FRATERNIDADE: QUANDO NOS IMPORTAMOS DE FATO? QUANDO RAINHAS NO HARÉM PODEM NOS AJUDAR A RESPONDER
Authors: Rubinstein Elca , Gross Fernando
Published: December 2024

Como as minorias no Brasil são tratadas? Como elas se mexem? A solidariedade e fraternidade são discursos teóricos ou não? O que precisa acontecer para que se tornem viáveis, realidade concreta na vida das pessoas? Algumas dessas minorias se isolam e se mantêm fechadas para a uma convivência ser suportável; outras conseguem se inserir, outras colocam máscaras, mas quando aparecem as ameaças surgem do aparente refúgio e se tornam visíveis à sociedade. As Rainhas Vasti e Ester podem, como mulheres que viveram subjugadas num Harém Persa, ajudar nessa reflexão, porque quando a minoria judaica foi ameaçada, ela acordou. Não como vitimização, mas capazes de adquirir cidadania, respeito e possíveis e melhores convivências.
19. Yüzyılın Başında Almanların Güney Kafkasya'ya Göçürülmesi
Authors: Yaqubova Nusaba
Published: December 2024

19. yüzyılın başlarında Kafkasya'da hakimiyet kurmaya çalışan Rus İmparatorluğu, bölgede sömürge politikası uygulamaya başladı. Bu politikanın temel amacı bölge halkını asimile ederek devasa Rus imparatorluğunun bir parçası haline getirmekti. Çarlık hükümetinin yürüttüğü iskan politikası, Kafkasya'daki sömürge politikasının ve bölgedeki çıkarlarının ana bileşenlerinden biriydi. Almanların Kafkasya'ya göçürülmesi ve bölgede Alman toplumunun oluşması 19. yüzyıl boyunca devam eden oldukça uzun bir süreçti. Rusya'ya sadık Hıristiyan nüfusun Kafkasya bölgesine yerleştirilmesi emperyal politikanın öncelikli hedefiydi. Bu amaçla yabancı misyoner örgütleri dahi Kafkasya'ya davet edilmiştir. Kafkasya'da ilk kalıcı koloninin kurulması bile Edinburg misyoner örgütünün adıyla bağlantılıdır.
Almanların Güney Kafkasya'ya göçürülmesi iki aşamadan oluşuyordu: 1) 1818-1819 - Rus göçürme politikasının hedefleri ve dini faktörün etkisiyle Alman kolonistlerin Güney Almanya'dan göçürülmesi; 2) 19. yüzyılın ikinci yarısı - 20. yüzyılın başı - hizmet, mesleki ve girişimcilik faaliyetleriyle bağlantılı olarak Almanların Almanya'dan veya Rusya'nın iç illerinden göçü. Güney Kafkasya'dan farklı olarak Alman kolonistlerin Kuzey Kafkasya'ya göçü 18. ve 19. yüzyılın sonlarında gerçekleştirildi.
Makale, 19. yüzyılın başında Güney Kafkasya'da Alman kolonilerinin yaratılma ve oluşma sürecine ayrılmıştır. Bu dönemde Alman kolonistlerin Güney Kafkasya'ya yerleştirilme sürecinin başlangıcı, ana nedenleri, aşamaları ele alınmakta ve bu sürecin Güney Kafkasya'nın ekonomik hayatına etkisi üzerinde durulmaktadır. İstatistiksel materyallere dayanarak devlet topraklarında veya kolonistlerin ilk yıllarda mülk olarak edindikleri topraklarda kurulan Alman kolonilerinin ekonomik gelişme özellikleri gözden geçirilmiş, olumlu ve olumsuz yanları incelenmiştir.
İşitme Yetersizliği Olan Öğrencilere İbadet, Sure ve Kur’an-ı Kerim Öğretimine İlişkin Öğretmen Görüşleri
Authors: Özkan Arkın , Çuhadar Cengiz
Published: December 2024

İşitme yetersizliği sebebi ile işitme engeli olan bireylerin konuşmayla ilgili gelişimleri geciktiği için zihinsel ve toplumsal gelişimlerinde de gecikmeler yaşanmaktadır. Bundan dolayı işitme yetersizliği olan çocuklara işitme engelliler için açılan özel eğitim ilkokullarında, ortaokullarında ve liselerinde eğitim verilmektedir. Din Kültürü ve Ahlak Bilgisi(DKAB) dersi de bahsedilen okullarda okutulan derslerdendir. DKAB dersi öğretim programında ibadet öğretimi kapsamında namaz, oruç, hac, zekat gibi ibadetlere yer verilmekte, dua ve surelerin öğretimi yer almaktadır. Kur’an-ı Kerim dersi de bu okullarda okutulan seçmeli dersler arasındadır. Bu araştırmada işitme engelliler ortaokulları DKAB derslerinde ibadet, sure ve Kur’an-ı Kerim öğretiminde karşılaşılan sorunları DKAB öğretmenlerinin görüşleri doğrultusunda çeşitli boyutlarıyla ortaya koymak amaçlanmıştır. İşitme engelliler ortaokullarında bu derslere giren öğretmenler, DKAB derslerinin problemlerini, işitme yetersizliği olan öğrencilerin derslerde karşılaştığı sorunları, bizzat yaşayarak bilmektedirler. DKAB öğretmenlerinin görüşlerini derinlemesine ifade edebilecekleri düşüncesi ile araştırma yöntemi olarak nitel araştırma belirlenmiştir. Türkiye’de farklı illerde bulunan yukarıda bahsettiğimiz ortaokullarda derse giren Din Kültürü ve Ahlak Bilgisi öğretmenlerine yönelik hazırlanan görüşme formları açık uçlu görüşme stratejisi ve yarı yapılandırılmış görüşme tekniği kullanılarak uygulanmıştır. Uygulama sonrasında formlara aktarılan görüşme kayıtları çözümleme belgesine aktarılarak analiz edilmiştir. Daha sonra nvivo ve excel programları kullanılarak grafikler oluşturularak, belirlenen temalara uygun elde edilen verilerin frekans ve yüzdelikleri hesaplanmıştır. Bu çalışmalar sonunda ortaya çıkan bulgular değerlendirilmiş ve son bölümde de sonuç ve öneriler paylaşılmıştır. Çıkan sonuçlara bakıldığında araştırma yaptığımız öğrencilerin şekilsel olarak ibadetleri kolay öğrendikleri, ibadetlerin somut olarak öğretilebildiği ve öğrencilerin tecrübe ederek ibadetleri öğrendiklerinin belirtildiği görülmektedir. Dua, sure ve Kur’an öğretimi sırasında zorluklar yaşandığı, bu öğrencilere dua ve sure öğretiminin nasıl yapılması gerektiğiyle ilgili öğretmenlerin farklı görüşleri olduğu, dua, sure ve Kur’an-ı Kerim öğretimi konusunda karışıklığın giderilmesi ve ortak yöntemin uygulanması gerektiği görülmüştür.
The Effect of Different Water Sources on the Quality of Concrete for Infrastructure Projects
Authors: Manzoor Ali Chandio  , Sultan Shaikh  , Wali Mohammad Chandio
Published: December 2024

This research explores the impact that usage of tap, ground, surface, and recycled water sources has on concrete in infrastructure projects. Water content affects the entire process of hydration and the mechanical properties of concrete, including strength and toughness, as evidenced by a moderate increase in W/C ratio, as shown in Table 4. In this study, the effects of different water sources on the performance of ordinary Portland cement concrete and blended concrete boils are analyzed through a comparative experimental approach. The results indicate that tap water exhibits the highest concrete quality, but groundwater, surface water, and recycled water reduce performance because of contamination by salts and organic matter. The information given gives an indication of the importance of water quality evaluation in the production of concrete, and it was established that although treated and recycled water can be used in concrete production, there has to be proper control of the quality of the water used. This research reveals the importance of water quality in meeting sustainable and durable concrete that is paramount in modern structures.
IMPACT OF PHYSICAL INFRASTRUCTURE AND LEARNING RESOURCES ON TEACHER QUALITY
Authors: Shoukat Ali
Published: December 2024

The educational standard of the teachers is directly associated with the available physical setting and the educational facilities available in the schools. This study assessed how the factors affected teacher quality focusing on the availability of resources and the effectiveness of teachers in public primary schools in Punjab. In accordance with this position, the researchers formulated a working hypothesis that advanced infrastructure, and the availability of adequate educational resources had positive effect on the teachers’ performance and instructional delivery. The teachers were surveyed using self-developed questionnaires and the data gathered was analyzed using inferential statistics. The findings were intended to provide guidance to policymakers on the positive implications of the infrastructural developments and the learning resources on research productivity of the teachers toward increase in quality of education.
SUSTAINABLE CONTROL OF TOMATO LEAF BLIGHT DISEASE CAUSED BY ALTERNARIA ALTERNATA AND CURVULARIA LUNATA IN DISTRICT KAMBER SHAHDADKOT, SINDH, PAKISTAN
Authors: Qurban Ali Magsi  , Gul Hassan Shaikh  , Maria Khan Pathan  , Sahib Ghanghro  , Shoukat Ali Soomro  , Shoukat Ali Wassan
Published: December 2024

Family Solanaceae has achieved illustrious value in the world because of its supreme plant members. Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) has the credited with second pillar of the family. It is cultivated throughout the world for fresh fruits and different processed products. Fungi are most common pathogens on tomato plants. They cause number of diseases like early and late blights, leaf molds, and septoria leaf spot. To control these fungal diseases fungicides are used by people for a long time. From the one side these fungicides control or reduce the fungal infections but from another side they create health and many environmental problems. Present attention has been targeted on the use of natural products of plants origin as proxy to laboratory prepared fungicides. The natural plant extracts are not only effective but also safe to human health and are biodegradable.
To avoid the problems caused by fungicides natural control of fungal diseases through various botanical extracts has been applied. In vivo use of plant leaves extracts shown significant results against growth and development of fungal mycelia on tomato plants. The research was presided over to study the antifungal activity of various plant leaves extracts i. e. neem, basil, eucalyptus and garlic beside fungicides. Total five aqueous solutions of plant extracts were prepared and tagged with ABC letters. The tomato plants were cultivated in six field plots of 4 by 4 meters. The selected fungi members i.e. Alternaria alternata and Curvularia lunata were inoculated on one month old fresh leaves of tomato plants of respective plots. Having infections started the treatments of various extracts were sprayed time to time up-to fruits ripening while the plants of control plot were left free. At the over the course of experiment, aqueous extract of neem tree leaves expressed highest control 53% followed by the basil 47%, garlic 43% eucalyptus 38%, mixed 49% comparatively against controlled plants. Apparently the fungi shows difference in its response to the different concentration of extracts but subsequently growth inhibits with the increase of concentration.
This study aim to examine the antifungal properties of different plant leaves extracts, to make the tomato fruits safe and protect the land from effects of various fungicides
ASSOCIATION OF NEPHRIN LEVELS WITH CHRONIC KIDNEY DISEASE IN PATIENTS WITH HYPERTENSION
Authors: Sundus Khalid  , Poshmal Zahid  , Shingraf waseem  , Saqib Zaheer  , Rizwan Ahmed
Published: December 2024

Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD), a progressive condition often triggered by poorly managed hypertension, can lead to end-stage renal disease (ESRD) if not identified and treated early. This study aims to explore the role of nephrin as a parameter for detecting and predicting the development of CKD in hypertensive people. The cross-sectional study evaluated nephrin levels in hypertensive adults across different stages of CKD. A minimum of 100 participants were included. The demographic analysis showed a higher percentage of males (67%) in comparison to females. Among males, the majority (37.31%) were in the 36-45 age group. In terms of BMI, 42% of patients were classified as normal weight, 30% as overweight, 20% as obese, and 8% as underweight. Half of the patients had hypertension, 20% had diabetes, 15% had cardiovascular disease, and 15% had no significant medical history. Nephrin levels were elevated with CKD progression, increasing from 15.2 ng/mL in patients with eGFR > 90 mL/min/1.73 m² to 80.1 ng/mL in those with eGFR < 30 mL/min/1.73 m² (p≤0.05). A strong positive correlation was observed between nephrin and ACR (R² = 0.99), serum creatinine (R² = 0.95), and BUN (R² = 0.96). It is concluded that Nephrin emerges as a promising early biomarker for identifying and predicting CKD progression in hypertensive individuals, showing a significant correlation with declining kidney function markers such as ACR, serum creatinine, and BUN. Monitoring nephrin levels may enhance early detection and timely intervention, potentially slowing CKD progression and decreasing the risk of ESRD.
GAMSA-ALIGN: A NOVEL APPROACH FOR EFFICIENT PROTEIN SEQUENCE ALIGNMENT USING GENETIC ALGORITHM
Authors: MUBASHIR IMAM  , Mirza Mueed , WASIF ALI  , HASEEB TASLEEM
Published: December 2024

Bioinformatics has played an important role in discovering medicine because whole-genome sequences can help to find out the many genetic diseases. Bioinformatics uses computational tools to manage, store and analyze the data. Multiple sequence alignment (MSA) seems to be a very useful process in molecular and evolutionary biology. There are a variety of software’s and methods for it. It's used to find conserved patterns, identify protein domains, identify 2D and 3D structures using homology, and conduct evolutionary research. There are several methods for aligning multiple sequences. Many strategies are designed to enhance speed while ignoring the quality of the resulting alignment. Similarly, several strategies are designed to enhance accuracy while ignoring speed. As a result, finding the best method for alignment accuracy and computing cost has become an important factor in choosing the best MSA method. Genetic Algorithms GAMSA-Align have also shown promise in optimizing the multiple sequence alignment process, offering potential improvements in both speed and accuracy.  In this study assessed the cost and accuracy of nine common MSA methods against the BAliBASE v4.0 benchmark alignment datasets, including ProbCons 1.12, T-Coffee 9.03, MAFFT 7.031, MUSCLE 3.8.31, Clustal1.1.0, Probalign 1.4, and ProDa, Kalign, and Prank. The two standard scoring procedures, TC score and SP score, are used to calculate alignment accuracy, and computing costs were evaluated by measuring peak memory consumption and CPU execution time. The results indicated that the ProbCons and ProbAlign MSA methods that are based on the progressive consistency approach were first and second, but these tools had a high execution cost.
A REVIEW ON ELECTROMAGNETICS OF CANCER CELLS: MODELING TO TREATMENT
Authors: Ume salma  , Amna Iftikhar  , Ghaffar Usama , Abdul Ghaffar  , Yaqoob Muhammad Zeshan
Published: December 2024

cancer is a world fear and second leading cause of death. Cancer cause about 16% of worldwide deaths according to world health organization. The treatment of cancer by the use of electromagnetic radiations is well practiced in the field of oncology now a day. Many therapeutic techniques are in practice by oncologists for the cure of cancer. Having benefits and cure rate, each cancer therapy technique has some limitations and adverse effects on healthy cells in the surroundings of cancer cells and sometimes on the entire human body. To overcome these limitations and side effects, the low energy electromagnetic methods have been proposed by the scientific community. In this review article we are discussing few electromagnetic cancer therapeutic techniques and modeling of cancer cells. Hyperthermia, terahertz radiations, magnetic field and radio frequency treatment technologies are studied based on the literature survey. One of the important ways of killing the cancer cells is to rise their temperature above 40ₒ C i.e., therapeutic level. This is the basic principle of hyperthermia. The use of magnetic fields aids in increasing the tumor temperature that further becomes the cause of death of tumor. Terahertz pulsed spectroscopy can be used to differentiate between normal and malignant tissues. Radio frequency radiation is becoming a favorable new defense against cancer. It’s not only has advantageous therapeutic effects in different types of cancer patients, but also has no severe side effects. The main focus of using a therapy is to generate cell necrosis/apoptosis. The mentioned techniques are playing their premier role in the cancer diagnostics as well as in the cancer treatment, with the benefit of very less damage to the healthy cells surrounding the malignant cells.
PREDICTING AND IDENTIFYING LAND FEATURES UTILISING REMOTE SENSING SATELLITE IMAGERY AND MACHINE LEARNING TECHNIQUES
Authors: Rana Sidra Saeed , Iqra Irfan Rana  , Khan Dr. M. Jahangir , Sidra Habib  , Rana Muhammad Saleem  , Hafiz M. Haroon  , Huma Irfan
Published: December 2024

This study presents a comprehensive analysis of land feature identification in District Vehari, Pakistan, spanning from 1990 to 2025, utilizing remote sensing satellite imagery and machine learning (ML) techniques. The primary objective is to classify and analyze changes in land cover and land use over this period. The study employs a dataset consisting of multispectral satellite images from different years, along with corresponding ground truth data, for training and validation of ML models. Various ML algorithms, including Random Forest, Support Vector Machines, and Convolutional Neural Networks, are implemented and compared for their accuracy in classifying land features such as agriculture fields, water bodies, urban areas, and barren land. Preprocessing techniques such as image normalization, feature extraction, and dimensionality reduction are applied to enhance the performance of the models. The results reveal significant changes in land cover and land use patterns over the study period, with urban expansion and agricultural intensification being notable trends. The study concludes that ML techniques, when integrated with remote sensing data, provide an effective means for monitoring and analyzing land cover and land use changes in District Vehari. These findings are crucial for urban planning, agricultural management, and environmental conservation efforts in the region.
DETECTION OF HCV LIVER FIBROSIS APPLYING MACHINE LEARNING TECHNIQUE
Authors: Sadia Latif  , Azhar Mehboob  , Assad latif  , Salahuddin  , Muhammad Ramzan  , Muhammad Ans Khalid
Published: December 2024

The health department can be update using the latest technique that will increase the life expectation of the population. Cancer and HCV liver fibrosis are the most dangerous disease in the world due to these diseases death rate is increasing in the world. There are many tools and methodologies exist that predict the spread of HCV liver fibrosis and many performance algorithms applied on the given dataset but what’s the big research gap is still no one used the attributes to find the main reason of HCV liver fibrosis. To overcome this research gap there is a need of best prediction of model by using different HCV liver fibrosis features to predict and overcome HCV liver fibrosis. We will analyze the dataset and will give the best HCV liver fibrosis disease prediction model. So, there is need to develop system which can handle all issues as well as produce quality result as compare to previous systems.
IMPACT OF ROAD TRANSPORTATION MANAGEMENT ON ENVIRONMENTAL SUSTAINABILITY IN ASIA COUNTRIES: ROLE POPULATION DENSITY
Authors: Ikramuddin Junejo  , Aisha Iqbal Shaikh  , Muhammad Sufyan Ramish  , Dr. Zahra Nazim
Published: December 2024

By applying the EKC theory to population density, we can better understand the relationship between road transportation and environmental sustainability and discover ways to mitigate its adverse effects. This study utilizes a "balanced panel dataset" of Pakistan, Bangladesh, Nepal, Sri Lanka, and India from 1990 to 2014 to achieve its objectives. The majority of variables included in the study were not accessible until 2014. Due to a lack of available data, other South Asian nations were excluded. The dataset was provided by the World Development Indicators (WDI), Global Footprint Network (GFN), and the National Bureau of Statistics (NBS). This study employs the unit root test and Panel OLS Regression statistical techniques. At the 0.05 level, all independent variables are statistically significant. The findings suggest that road infrastructure, road density, and population density enhance environmental sustainability, while road transport energy consumption diminishes it. Population density and road transport energy consumption are also detrimental to environmental sustainability. However, the study also highlights the crucial role of the public, developers, planners, and legislators in achieving sustainable transportation and urban development goals. Their compliance, participation, and cooperation are essential in developing more inclusive, egalitarian, and effective sustainable transportation and urban development policies. The study's recommendations include community member inclusion in the planning process and promoting stakeholder partnerships through public input and feedback.