bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Troubled Minds, or Psychiatry in Vilnius in the Second Half of the 19th Century
Authors: Mulevičiūtė Jolita
Published: December 2023

This article presents an overview of the development of psychiatric centres in Vilnius in the second half of the long 19th century. The author analyses how, having undergone a whole range of infrastructural and conceptual changes, this branch of medicine was transformed from being a series of Medieval practices based on the forced isolation of patients to a science acknowledging modern methods of treatment. The most changes could be seen in the period from 1903 to 1905, when the Vilnius District Hospital, the largest psychiatric asylum in the Russian Empire, was established. This period coincided with the leadership of the new institution’s first director Nikolai Krainskii. It was then that the principles of non-restraint and the ideas of cultivating a patient’s work activities and social skills, which had been formulated in Western Europe at the turn of the 18th and 19th centuries, were implemented. On the other hand, the author also tries to show how, under the effects of degeneration theory, psychiatry in the Russian Empire adopted a conservative political bias, which seemed to be effective in constructing discriminatory models of interethnic relations. The conclusion arising from this research is that in Vilnius, much like in other multiethnic Imperial border cities, psychiatric asylums served not only as medical institutions but also as statistical centres. Data about patients collected each year by the clinics and then passed on to the Medical Department of the Ministry of Internal Affairs was a potentially useful tool for the stigmatisation of entire local ethnic communities.
Reflections of Social Issues in Lithuanian Ober Ost Periodicals Published During The First World War
Authors: Gimžauskas Edmundas
Published: December 2023

This article presents a discussion of the perception and reflection of the so-called ‘social question’ or ‘social problems’ in Lithuanian Ober Ost periodicals during the First World War. The time of this war acts as a natural bridge between two different periods, where the prewar Lithuanian context was noted to have an exclusively public discourse on social issues, while as the war was ending, the foundations started being laid for social security policy in the hands of the Lithuanian state. Despite this, the war years in Lithuania, and especially the period under German occupation, have been poorly researched in terms of social issues. First of all, it is important to ascertain how (or whether) prewar social issues were reflected among Lithuanians under the German occupation, how this population related to the new problems of the war years, and generally speaking, what the prewar social discourse tendencies (or even the fate of the social discourse) under the new circumstances were. The specifics of the German occupation, primarily the total mind control of society, coupled with unprecedented censorship, determined that these questions will be discussed on the basis of the Lithuanian periodical press in particular. Ever since the first three Lithuanian periodicals started being published at the end of 1917, it has been more or less possible to identify the coverage of particular rubrics and topics, their differences, and their tendencies in the sphere of social issues. At first, the social discourse unfolded in these periodicals very cautiously and modestly, but after the lifting of censorship restrictions on 15 October 1918, the situation changed markedly. By the end of 1918, publications were already competing against each other in terms of their coverage of topics and the openness of their opinions. Social topics in these publications became differentiated and structured, with independent discourses standing out according to different spheres, e.g. on issues such as land reform and the situation of workers.
ПАМ’ЯТІ ВИДАТНОГО ВЧЕНОГО-ГЕОЛОГА І ПЕДАГОГА – ПРОФЕСОРА ЯРОСЛАВА КУЛЬЧИЦЬКОГО (ДО 100-РІЧЧЯ ВІД ДНЯ НАРОДЖЕННЯ)
Authors: Павлунь Микола , Гоцанюк Галина , Ціхонь Сергій
Published: December 2023

Видатний професор Львівського університету Ярослав Онуфрійович Кульчицький – відомий український учений-геолог, доктор геолого-мінералогічних наук, лауреат Державної премії України в галузі науки і техніки, багаторічний завідувач кафедри історичної геології і палеонтології, неперевершений дослідник Карпатського регіону, співавтор Геологічної карти Українських Карпат (масштабу 1:200 000) та геологічних карт глибинних зрізів земної кори України, регіональних стратиграфічних схем крейдових, палеогенових та міоценових відкладів Заходу України. Наукові інтереси Ярослава Онуфрійовича охоплюють важливі і різнобічні напрями в царині фундаментальних і прикладних розробок у галузі наук про Землю і багатогранні: геологія Карпат, палеонтологія, стратиграфія, тектоніка (еволюції геосинкліналей, закономірності циклічного розвитку тектоносфери, взаємозв’язок тектонічних рухів і процесів седиментогенезу), гідрогеологія, літофаціальні дослідження, геологія корисних копалин тощо. Був членом стратиграфічної, тектонічної та седиментологічної комісій КБГА та організатором багатьох наукових конференцій та симпозіумів.
СЕРЕДНЬОЮРСЬКІ ФОРАМІНІФЕРИ ПІВНІЧНО-ЗАХІДНОЇ ЧАСТИНИ ДНІПРОВСЬКО-ДОНЕЦЬКОЇ ЗАПАДИНИ ТА ПІВНІЧНО-СХІДНОЇ ОКРАЇНИ УКРАЇНСЬКОГО ЩИТА
Authors: Доротяк Юлія
Published: December 2023

Наведено результати дослідження форамініфер з відкладів середньої юри (келовей) північно-західної частини Дніпровсько-Донецької западини та північно-східної окраїни Українського щита. За результатами аналізу форамініферових комплексів у відкладах північно-західної частини Дніпровсько-Донецької западини виділено три форамініферові зони: Haplophragmoides infracalloviensis (нижній келовей), Lenticulina cultratiformis – Lenticulina pseudocrassa (середній келовей), Lenticulina tumida – Epistomina elschankaensis (верхній келовей). У північно-східній окраїні Українського щита (Канівські дислокації) виділено дві форамініферові зони: Lenticulina cultratiformis – Lenticulina pseudocrassa (середній келовей) та Lenticulina tumida – Epistomina elschankaensis (верхній келовей). Подано літолого-палеонтологічну характеристику вище зазначених форамініферових зон. Досліджено зміну комплексів форамініфер від нижнього до верхнього келовею та виявлено їхні особливості. Зроблена кореляція відкладів північно-західної частини Дніпровсько-Донецької западини та північно-східної окраїни Українського щита з одновіковими відкладами Гірського Криму, виділено стратиграфічно важливі види для кореляції одновікових відкладів цих територій. Доповнено палеонтологічну характеристику світ і підсвіт середньої юри північно-західної частини Дніпровсько-Донецької западини та північно-східної окраїни Українського щита.
ВІДТВОРЕННЯ СКЛАДУ КРЕМЕНЕВИХ ГУБОК ТА ЇХ УМОВ ІСНУВАННЯ В КЕЛОВЕЙСЬКИЙ ТА ОКСФОРДСЬКИЙ ЧАС НА ТЕРИТОРІЇ КАНІВСЬКИХ ДИСЛОКАЦІЙ ТА ДНІПРОВСЬКО-ДОНЕЦЬКОЇ ЗАПАДИНИ
Authors: Клименко Юлія
Published: December 2023

Наведено результати мікропалеонтологічного дослідження, що отримані за спікулами кременевих губок з келовейських відкладів Канівських дислокацій та оксфордських відкладів північно-західної частини та північної бортової зони Дніпровсько-Донецької западини. В досліджених розрізах виділено комплекси спікул губок, які характеризують келовейський та оксфордський вік порід. На підставі проведеного аналізу систематичного складу спікул губок, що були виявлені в келовейських відкладах Канівських дислокацій і оксфордських відкладах північно-західної частини та північної бортової зони Дніпровсько-Донецької западини, встановлено, що вони належать до губок з класу Demospongea та класу Hexactinellida. В класі Demospongea виділяються ряди Tetraxonida та Cornacuspongida. Серед спікул, що належать до представників ряду Tetraxonida, виділяються такі, що відносяться до губок з незв’язаним скелетом – підряду Astrophora і до губок зі зв’язаним літистидним скелетом, що складається з різних десм – підряд Desmophora. Серед ряду Cornacuspongida та підрядів Astrophora і Desmophora виділено за характерними спікулами ряд родин і з деякою ймовірністю родів губок, що існували в келовейському та оксфордському басейнах території досліджень. За встановленим систематичним складом комплексів спікул губок та виявленими особливостями розподілу морфовидів спікул губок у келовейських та оксфордських відкладах території досліджень, зроблена спроба відтворити склад асоціації губок, які населяли палеобасейн у келовейський та оксфордський час на досліджуваній території. Відновлено умови існування губок, оцінено зміни у розвитку та складі їх угрупувань на досліджених ділянках палеобасейну впродовж келовейського та оксфордського часу залежно від умов існування.
Articulaciones entre judaísmo y política a partir de la producción de memoria entre sectores del judaísmo progresista
Authors: Setton Damián
Published: December 2023

En el marco de los estudios judíos y los estudios sobre el kirchnerismo, el artículo analiza cómo las categorías políticas impregnan el campo judaico. En el último tramo del segundo mandato de Cristina Fernández, lo judío formó parte del discurso de los actores políticos y de sus estrategias de construcción de un campo antikirchnerista. En ese marco, y como respuesta a estas estrategias discursivas, fue creado el Llamamiento Argentino Judío, agrupación cuyo lema central fue la impugnación de la pretensión de la DAIA de definirse como el representante de la colectividad judía. El discurso articulado por el Llamamiento proyectó una definición de lo judío imbricada en las categorías políticas de derecha e izquierda, produciendo articulaciones entre lo judío y el movimiento nacional y popular. El artículo analiza como esta articulación tiene lugar a través del proceso de producción de memoria. Para ello, analiza la memoria como una producción en proceso no exenta de tensiones.
Cementerios musulmanes y derecho a la ciudad: necesidades y demandas de las comunidades musulmanas en España
Authors: Salguero Óscar
Published: December 2023

La cuestión funeraria islámica se conforma en España, así como en muchos otros países de Europa occidental, como una de las principales necesidades y demandas de las comunidades musulmanas y de su ciudadanía en general. En el caso español estas demandas van desde poder contar con un espacio donde enterrar a sus difuntos de forma acorde a las prácticas islámicas, hasta la mejora y adecuación de los recintos o una mejor gestión pública. Este texto clasifica los distintos tipos de cementerios musulmanes en España y analiza su situación actual. Tras ello, este texto estudia a partir de tres estudios de caso, los procesos de reivindicación en torno a la cuestión funeraria islámica; así como las diferentes dinámicas tanto de los actores detentadores del suelo, como de la ciudanía.
An Appraisal of the Practice of Sufism and Jalabi among Yoruba Muslims in Nigeria
Authors: Yusuph Dauda Gambari , Olayinka Ibrahim Oniye
Published: December 2023

Jalabi and Sufism are two abiding practices among Yoruba Muslims. Both have been instrumental to the consolidation and propagation of Islam across the Yorubaland. Many early Yoruba Muslims, especially the Islamic scholars, were both Jalabi practitioners and Sufi adherents. Many Muslims of later generations have, however, abused both. Hence, the coming of Salafiyyah advocates to displace the two, having been considered as innovations (bidcah) that endure among the Muslims. The Salafiyyah advocates propelled another misconception as they failed to acknowledge the parallels between the two but tarred both with the same brush. This now makes it difficult to record the necessary corrections to purge society of the evils of quacks that parade themselves in the land under the guise of Islam. Therefore, This study aims to examine the two phenomena to find their legitimacy in Islam and identify the similarities or otherwise between them. It will also determine the appropriateness or otherwise of Salafiyyah's advocacy against them. Historical and exegetical methods are adopted. The former enables the assessment of historical facts connected to Jalabi and Sufism in Yorubaland. At the same time, the latter allows assessing relevant works, especially the primary sources of Islam, to find the legitimacy for the two variables of this paper. Findings revealed that Sufism came down to Yorubaland along with Islam and that early Muslim scholar devised Jalabi as a dacwah strategy to consolidate and propagate Islam in the land. It also revealed that both exist independently, though combined by some scholars, while many Jalabi practitioners are not Sufis and vice versa. The work concluded by recommending that Salafiyyah scholars address each according to its peculiarities because Jalabi practitioners in modern times are businessmen, while the Sufis are not.
Assessing Contrasting Approaches to Dacwah on Radio in Ilorin, Nigeria
Authors: Shittu Abdulwahab Danladi , Mubarak Olalekan Ibrahim
Published: December 2023

This research examines the role of media, specifically radio, in the dissemination of Islamic teachings through da’wah (the act of inviting people to Islam). In the context of contemporary Islamic scholarship, the study conducts a comparative analysis of two influential Islamic radio programs in Nigeria: "Madrasatu dalilis shar’i" and "Manhaju Ahlus Sunah wal Jama’a". These programs, hosted by Professor Abdulrahman Ahmad and Alfa Ali Jabata respectively, showcase distinct styles and methodologies in their approach to preaching Islam, reflecting the diverse interpretations and applications of Islamic teachings in modern media.
The research employs descriptive analysis and a quantitative approach, including observations, interviews, and documentation. Interviews with forty Muslim scholars and academics provide insights into the content, relevance, and impact of these programs. The study reveals that while "Madrasatu dalilis shar’i" focuses on jurisprudential issues with an academic perspective, "Manhaju Ahlus Sunah wal Jama’a" adopts a more critical stance towards other Islamic sects and interpretations.
The findings highlight the significant role of media in shaping the understanding and practice of Islam among contemporary Muslim audiences. The study underscores the necessity for media, especially radio, in effectively disseminating Islamic teachings, given its wide reach and influence. However, it also points to the challenges and responsibilities associated with using media for religious propagation, including the need for accuracy, respect for diverse viewpoints, and avoidance of sectarianism.
In conclusion, the research emphasizes the crucial role of media in Islamic da’wah and recommends the establishment of regulatory institutions to oversee religious broadcasting. It suggests organizing workshops and seminars to enhance the effectiveness of da’wah through media, ensuring that the message of Islam is conveyed in a manner that is respectful, inclusive, and adaptable to the contemporary context.
Social Media and Sales Performance of Clothing Small Businesses in Nigeria
Authors: Fajobi Tolulope Adetayo
Published: December 2023

In Nigeria, small businesses are increasingly turning to social media as an approach for marketing and boosting their sales due largely to its wide reach and cost-effectiveness. The clothing industry is no exception, as small clothing businesses in Nigeria have begun to leverage social media to reach a wider audience and increase sales performance. Apparently, despite the huge potential of social media platforms available to prospective small businesses in Nigeria, existing and prospective small business owners still struggle to utilise these platforms to improve sales performance in the country. The paper examined the level of contributions of social media on small businesses' sales performance vis-a-vis customers purchasing behaviour. Also, it explored inherent challenges clothing businesses encountered on social media platforms for improved sales performance. The study was centred on descriptive research design through a qualitative approach, which relied on interviews. For the study, a purposive sampling technique was used to select 18 participants in the clothing business (shoes, fashion clothes, hairdressing and fashion accessories and hairdressing). By implication, social media usage has a multiplier effect on small businesses vis-à-vis the economic transformation of Nigeria if harnessed in line with the function framework. The study concluded that there is an apt need for small clothing businesses in Nigeria to grasp the trajectories and dynamics of social media and engage in effective and sustainable strategies to leverage social media for optimum benefit.
The Path of Improving the Legal Protection of Financial Consumers' Right to Privacy
Authors: Lucas Brianna
Published: December 2023

In recent years, there have been numerous incidents of financial consumers' privacy being infringed upon, and both ordinary consumers and scholars and experts have been paying more and more attention to the protection of financial privacy. Financial privacy is the embodiment and extension of the right to privacy in the financial field, strengthening the protection of financial privacy is an important part of regulating the development of the financial industry, and it is also the main aspect of China's financial law reform. China should learn from the advanced legislative experience of Britain and the United States in the protection of financial consumers' right to privacy, and realize the all-round protection of financial consumers' right to privacy from the aspects of clarifying the concept of financial privacy, perfecting the legislation on the right to privacy, and constructing the mechanism of judicial remedy for the right to privacy.
The Causes of the Formation of Poor Students and the Transformation from the Perspective of Critical Pedagogy
Authors: Sanders Trevor
Published: December 2023

The underachiever phenomenon has attracted a lot of attention, for the reasons, people generally from family, school, society, students themselves several aspects to consider. From the critical pedagogy perspective to see phenomenon of poor students, from the curriculum, teacher, classroom relationship to analyze the reasons and put forward their transformation strategies.
A Better Quantum Extremal Surface and Island Interpretation that Explains the Associated Massive Gravity
Authors: Maes Stephane
Published: December 2023

In a paper about multi-fold black holes, we describe the evolution of black holes, their evaporation and entropy. With a particle-based model, we recover the correct Page curve, and resolve the black hole information paradox. Doing so we encounter a quantum extremal surface, as proposed by others using the conventional approach of the island and replica trick. In a subsequent paper, we show that the definitions of the quantum extremal surfaces coincide, while our physical interpretation are rather radically different: an horizon for the multi-folds attached to virtual particles in the multi-fold universe, versus an island à la Wheeler’s bag of gold for the conventional replica trick. We dispute as a result a widely held view that Wheeler’s bag of gold could isolate most of their content from the parent universe. Others have questioned the replica trick with its use of JT gravity, and shown that it implies massive gravity, which might not correspond to a universe where General Relativity (GR) reigns. We show, in multi-fold scenarios, that the inability for multi-folds to escape the quantum extremal surface implies massive gravity effects, while remaining able to recover GR. Therefore, we can provide microscopic mechanisms to explain how massless gravity becomes massive. We also justify relying on JT gravity, by the 2D massless Higgs bosons dilaton random walks. On the other hand, in an asymptotic AdS universe, the replica trick requires the introduction of a reservoir for the evaporated particles, beyond the boundary of AdS, otherwise evaporation can’t take place. Letting gravitons enter the reservoir implies massive gravity, while preventing them from entering the reservoir leads to a different Page curve, and therefore, no resolution of the black hole information paradox. We provide new microscopic interpretations to these scenarios, explaining away these issues, and dealing with the encounter of quantum extremal surface outside the black hole in the presence of a thermal bath. Doing so, we confirms the better suitability of the multi-fold interpretation of the quantum extrema surface, and island, while supporting the replica trick and island formula approach, and resolving the black hole information paradox once and for all.Already knowing that multi-folds appear with GR at Planck scales, and with other hints, the multi-fold analysis applies to our real universe, and the paper provides a microscopic interpretation of quantum extremal surfaces, the correct page curve, the resolution of the black hole information paradox, and the apparition of massive gravity associated to quantum extremal surfaces.From the island formula and replica trick at low masses, we encounter hints of our past proposal for new life cycles of black holes (small extremal black holes splitting into another extremal black hole and an evaporating black hole), which invalidate the strict Weak Gravity Conjecture, and justify the Ultimate Unification (UU) proposal. It is quite a confirmation.
Compare on the Main Methods of Ideological, Political Education between China and America
Authors: Sanders Trevor
Published: December 2023

Ideological and political education is an important part of education in all countries over the world. As the two countries' systems are different; the main methods between China and America are various. This essay explains the similarities and differences between ideological and political education in China and America through the main methods. We can get some helpful inspirations in our particular job.
Death, Ghosts, and Spiritual Tourism: Conceptualizing a Dark Spiritual Experience Spectrum for the Paranormal Market
Authors: Ironside Rachael
Published: December 2023

Paranormal tourism is a lucrative market offering visitors the opportunity to engage with enchanting experiences and stories in destinations around the world. Specifically, ghost tourism connects people to the dead (and death) through dark narratives, supernatural legends, and participatory experiences. Previous scholarship has suggested that ghost tourism exhibits characteristics of dark tourism (by visiting dark places) and spiritual tourism (by engaging in spiritual practices); however, this relationship has not been fully explored. The purpose of this conceptual paper is to consider where the experiential and motivational characteristics of dark, spiritual, and paranormal tourism converge, and to consider whether this convergence produces a dark spiritual experience for consumers. Three dimensions are identified as contributing towards the degree of dark experience offered by ghost tourism: place, promotion and production, and participation. To conclude, a Dark Spiritual Experience Spectrum is proposed, illustrating the characteristics of each dimension and their influence on the degree of dark spiritual experience offered to consumers. It is argued that these dimensions have the potential to impact the tourist experience, influence visitor motivations, and, consequently, drive an evolving paranormal market.
Research of newborn screening of Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) deficiency at Medlatec General Hospital
Authors:   Hanoi Medical University, 1 Ton That Tung Street, Trung Tu Ward, Dong Da District, Hanoi, Vietnam, Ta Thi Lan Anh , Trinh Thi Que ,   Medlatec General Hospital, 42 Nghia Dung Street, Phuc Xa Ward, Ba Dinh District, Hanoi, Vietnam, Vu Thi Ha ,   Hanoi Medical University, 1 Ton That Tung Street, Trung Tu Ward, Dong Da District, Hanoi, Vietnam, Dao Thi Thu Hien ,   National Hospital of Obstetrics and Gynecology, 43 Trang Thi Street, Hang Bong Ward, Hoan Kiem District, Hanoi, Vietnam, Hoang Thi Ngoc Lan ,   Hanoi Medical University, 1 Ton That Tung Street, Trung Tu Ward, Dong Da District, Hanoi, Vietnam, Doan Thi Kim Phuong ,   Hanoi Medical University, 1 Ton That Tung Street, Trung Tu Ward, Dong Da District, Hanoi, Vietnam
Published: December 2023

Objective: Survey some factors affecting Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) enzyme activity from newborn heel blood samples and analyse screening results of some cases of G6PD enzyme deficiency. Research method: Retrospective and prospective cross-sectional description combined with case description. Results: Research on 3223 children who performed the newborn heel blood screening test from September 2022 to September 2023 showed that the high-risk rate of G6PD enzyme deficiency in boys is significantly higher than in girls. The difference is statistically significant when comparing the proportion of neonates with high-risk screening results in the Muong ethnic group and other ethnic minorities compared to the Kinh ethnic group (p<0.01). Between different sampling age groups and different weight groups, the proportion of children with enzyme activity at the high-risk threshold for G6PD enzyme deficiency did not have a statistically significant difference (p>0.05). The mutation encountered in the study was G6PD Union (c.1360C>T) (p.Arg454Cys), the enzyme activity decreased by <10% corresponding to the level of class II enzyme deficiency, showing mild hemolysis and no severe consequences in infancy. Conclusion: Children's gender and ethnicity are related to enzyme activity at risk thresholds for G6PD enzyme deficiency. Studying the correlation between genotype and phenotype is of great significance in genetic counselling, predicting prognosis and managing G6PD enzyme deficiency.
Enhancing Public Service Delivery in Nigeria Through Agile Practice
Authors: Foluso Modupe Adeyinka  , Adeyinka Patrick Adewumi
Published: December 2023

The dynamic nature of today's public sector demands innovative approaches to service delivery, leading to the emergence of agility as a vital paradigm. This research investigates the transformative potential of agile methodologies in restructuring the Nigerian public sector for enhanced service delivery. Emphasizing the need for agility in response to technological advancements and global shifts, the study draws on Nigeria's digital policy frameworks, such as the Nigeria e-Government Interoperability Framework (Ne-GIF) and the National Digital Economy Policy and Strategy (NDEPS) 2020-2030. The research advocates a shift from traditional bureaucratic structures to a more integrated, networked approach that prioritizes citizen participation and fosters service-centric cultures. The study uses a qualitative approach to gather secondary data from diverse sources and employs thematic and content analysis. The findings reveal that agile methodologies have the potential to reshape the Nigerian public sector.
Users’ Perceptions on The Role of Recreational Parks in Societal Development: A Public Administration Study of Akure, Ondo State, Nigeria.
Authors: Fadeke Owolabi , Bassey Ikike Ibanga  , Isanyinka Stephen Oluwabukunmi  , Yamah Daniel Olugbenga
Published: December 2023

Our cities gain from recreational parks' fundamental environmental, aesthetic, and recreational benefits. They also bring great economic benefits to any country. The purpose of this research is to assess Citizens' views on the state of three recreational parks and landscaping in Akure, Ondo State. The study aims to evaluate three recreational parks and landscaping in Akure, Ondo State, Nigeria, their properties, their impact on users, and the contribution of recreational landscapes to societal development and revenue generation. This paper also suggests better ways to maintain these recreational parks. Gardens with a broad assortment of trees and other plants are a significant recreational feature in developing countries like Nigeria. Urban and recreational facilities have been seen as a tool to improve living conditions in Ondo State. One of the most difficult aspects of maintaining recreational parks is balancing the needs of different user groups, such as those seeking solitude and those seeking raucous play and picnicking. Parks and recreation are typically the "engine" of local tourism. In a simplified tourism model, people leave their homes and travel to attractions supported by services such as hotels/motels, restaurants, and commerce.
Implementation of the SIPASTI BMD Program in Procurement of Goods and Services at the Sumedang Regency Council Secretariat
Authors: Ningrum Dhesti Widya Nurhasanah , Putri Elna Berliyana , Annisa Nur , Hanadila Novia
Published: December 2023

This article was written to examine the implementation of the SIPASTI BMD program in the procurement of goods and services at the Sumedang Regency Council Secretariat. The method used in preparing this research report is a descriptive qualitative research method. Data collection techniques use literature studies and field studies. In analyzing data, the following steps are used: data reduction, data presentation, conclusion drawing/verification, and triangulation. Based on the research results, it was concluded that the SIPASTI BMD Program was implemented quite well. However, currently, there are several obstacles in its implementation, including network errors that can delay the input of goods and services and some employees who still don't understand the technology. In overcoming these obstacles, several efforts were made, including waiting for policies from the center and improving the quality of employees with better performance, discipline, and following technical guidance or outreach regarding the program. Suggestions related to this research are to fully encourage the Council Secretariat in determining the policies that will be implemented and pay more attention to employees who do not understand technology who will later be used as support in their work as well as facilitating networks at the Council Secretariat to support the SIPASTI BMD program.
Kebijakan Diversi dalam Penyelesaian Tindak Pidana Pencurian yang Dilakukan oleh Anak untuk Kepentingan Terbaik bagi Anak
Authors: Maulani Egha , Sunardi Sunardi , Muhibbin M.
Published: December 2023

Artikel ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis diversi dalam penyelesaian tindak pidana pencurian menurut Undang-Undang Nomor 11 Tahun 2012, serta untuk menganalisis urgensi pegaturan diversi dalam penyelesaian tindak pidana pencurian yang dilakukan oleh anak dalam rangka untuk kepentingan terbaik bagi anak. Penelitian ini merupakan jenis penelitian yuridis normatif, dengan pendekatan Perundang-Undangan, dan Konseptual. Hasil penelitan menunjukan bahwa Diversi sebagai sebuah konsep dalam Penyelesaian Tindak Pidana Pencurian Menurut Pasal 7 ayat 2 UU SPPA dapat menggunakan konsep diversi sebagai bentuk penyelesaian diluar peradilan pidana yang sebagaimana unsur pasal yang dilanggar adalah Pasal 362 KUHP dan Pasal 364 KUHP, dikarenakan ancaman pidana penjara di bawah 7 (tujuh) tahun. Sedangkan urgensi pegaturan diversi dalam penyelesaian tindak pidana pencurian yang dilakukan oleh anak dalam rangka untuk kepentingan terbaik bagi anak dapat mewujudkan keadilan restoratif pada tahap penyidikan, penuntutan, dan pemeriksaan pada persidangan pengadilan telah memegang peranan yang cukup sentral dalam penyelesaian perkara pidana anak. Kesimpulan dalam penelitian bahwa diversi dapat diterapkan dalam tindak pidana pencurian yang dilakukan oleh anak dengan memperhatikan syarat diversi dalam UU SPPA, Serta urgensi terhadap penagturan diversi dalam tindak pidana pencurian pada tingkat penyidikan, penuntutan dan persidangan, memegang peranan yang cukup penting bagi kepentingan terbaik bagi anak.
Keamanan Nasional dalam Menghadapi Perubahan Cyber Warfare
Authors: Putri Elfirda , Pratama Gede Aditya , Fithri Beby Suryani
Published: December 2023

Artikel ini bertujuan untuk memperoleh gambaran tentang cyber warfare dan tantangannya kedepan, strategi cyber security di Indonesia serta penguatan cyber security di Indonesia dalam rangka mewujudkan keamanan nasional. Masalah difokuskan pada bagaimana menjaga keamanan nasional dari ancaman serangan cyber yang mungkin terjadi dan kemungkinan taktik pertahanan. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah pendekatan kualitatif dan deskriptif analitis dengan teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan studi pustaka dari penelitian sebelumnya dan data sekunder.  Kajian ini menyimpulkan bahwa peretas memanfaatkan keresahan masyarakat sebagai celah untuk meluncurkan serangan, mulai dari phishing hingga ransomware, kasus kebocoran data 91 juta pengguna situs belanja online. Kesimpulannya adalah Indonesia dalam keadaan darurat cyber warfare. Strategi yang harus dilakukan adalah Pembentukan undang-undang khusus tentang tindak pidana siber, Peningkatan sumber daya manusia, dan kerjasama stakeholder di dalam negeri dan kerjasama internasional bidang cyber security untuk mewujudkan keamanan nasional.
Género y trabajo
Authors: Jimenez Rodriguez Alicia Daniela , Delgadillo Rosas Eloísa , Aldrete González Ana Paola
Published: December 2023

En este texto se presentan notas sobre algunos marcos contemporáneos que pueden complejizar el abordaje de la intersección entre género y trabajo. Posteriormente, se articulan algunas perspectivas multidisciplinarias y críticas que nos permitirán integrar la deuda como un dispositivo clave en el mundo laboral del sistema capitalista neoliberal, en esta convergencia. Por último, un brevísimo análisis de las relaciones que se establecen cuando se enuncia mujer, género y violencia, a partir del texto de la Ley Federal del Trabajo mexicana.
Revisit the History of Early Settlements in Pulau Pinang: The Contributions and Legacies of Rawa People
Authors: Abdullah Suhaila , Fathil Fauziah
Published: December 2023

It is common that the history of Pulau Pinang has often been affiliated with British as pioneers even among Malaysians, almost to the point of no return. This despite the fact that there had been Malay groups of both local and regional origin who had made Pulau Pinang as their homeland long before the coming of the British. Of the second group, Rawa people from West Sumatera were neither strangers to Pulau Pinang Island nor the mainland area that formed part of the northern state i.e. Seberang Perai. Adopting a content analysis approach via library research and qualitative methods, plus interviews involving the Rawa people of the state, the paper aims to highlight the often-dismissed fact that the Rawa people along some other Sumatran migrant groups had contributed to the early development of Pulau Pinang. Only recently that several studies came to prove the existence of Malay settlements on the Island prior to its so-called foundation by British explorer representing the British East India Company, Francis Light in 1786. This paper is to provide further proofs in that direction as the early Malay settlers deserved acknowledgement for the contributions made and recognition for the legacies left behind. Apart from assessing various reasons for the Rawa migration and their early areas of settlements, more importantly, the paper demonstrates that the Rawa migrants throughout their long years of existence in the state have contributed to the socio-economic and political developments of Pulau Pinang.
Confirmation Bias among Adherents of Red and Yellow Politics in Thailand
Authors: Jirasatthumb Norachit , Mahasuweerachai Phumsith , Sorasing Atchara
Published: December 2023

Thai politics has long been polarised between red and yellow ideologies. This study aims to explore bias among adherents of each political ideology. The study recruited 392 participants for an experiment. The participants were divided into 4 treatment groups based on the type of information that they were assigned to read. Principal component analysis was employed to identify the participants’ original political ideology and verify whether their original political beliefs changed or were maintained after exposure to the experimental information. The results of the RED+ treatment (exposure to positive information about red politics) revealed that participants on the red spectrum tended to confirm their original beliefs

after information exposure. However, participants on the yellow spectrum switched to the green spectrum (espousing neither red nor yellow ideologies). The results of the RED- treatment (exposure to negative information about red politics) demonstrated confirmation bias among the participants. The participants who held red and yellow ideologies intensified their political beliefs. The results of the YELLOW+ treatment (exposure to positive information about yellow politics) suggested that the political conviction of participants on the red spectrum decreased, and some participants on the yellow spectrum switched to the red spectrum. The results of YELLOW- treatment (exposure to negative information about yellow politics) revealed that the number of participants on the red spectrum decreased, even though the information supported their beliefs. These results implied that confirmation bias in politics still exists. However, the decrease in political convictions after some treatments suggested that participants still held some sympathy for political opposition groups.
In the Name of Covid-19
Authors: Mohamed Noor Muhamad Nadzri
Published: December 2023

In late February 2020, the democratically-elected Pakatan Harapan’s coalition government was toppled, arguably through a self-inflicted coup, by its component party Bersatu which brokered a deal with its allies from within and outside of the coalition. Based on a synthesis from Bridget Welsh’ ideas on political mandate and Andreas Schedler’s new institutionalism, this article explores how the royal mandate was taken advantage of by the newly formed coalition government, the Perikatan Nasional (PN), in confronting challenges for its survival by resorting to authoritarianism, blanketed by its policies to tackle the Covid-19 pandemic. It is argued that, however, the pandemic brought an adverse effect to PN’s regime integrity in a way that it had both became the source of regime sustainability and regime subversion. While the democratic reversal is clearly apparent, the Muhyiddin’s administration failure to effectively deal with the challenges of good governance during the pandemic had eventually led to its own demise.
Muslim Inventors of Reading and Writing Methods for the Blind: Predecessors of Braille
Authors: Al-Khalaf Awad , Saad Kassem , Abdullah Adam , Shehade Mona , Aljarwan Najla
Published: December 2023

Over the past few centuries, there have been numerous attempts to find suitable methods that would help blind people read and write, thus improving their quality of life. At present, Louis Braille (1809-1852 A.D.) is probably the best-known inventor creating a writing system known as “The Braille Language” that aids the blind read and write. Although several historians recorded other western inventors who developed methods for the same purpose before Braille, little is known about Muslim pioneers in this area. This is a very interesting fact, especially when Braille completed his system of writing in around 1837 A.D., almost seven centuries after the first attempt done by a Muslim scholar recorded in this paper. This study aims to present three inventions for three Muslim scholars creating methods for the blind to read and write that date back to the 5th century A.H. (1009-1106 A.D.). Like Braille, all three used the sense of touch to achieve this goal. For example, Muhammad bin Abdul-Warith (d. fifth century A.H.) created embossed figures from pitch similar to the Arabic alphabet to teach his blind son read and write. Zein-Eddine Al-Amidy, (d. 712 A.H. / 1312 A.D.) a blind Muslim scholar, fashioned paper made letters to read, write, and remember the prices of his books. Wazir Al-Sarraj (d. 1149 A.H. / 1736 A. D.), another Muslim scholar, created wax letters for his blind teacher to help him read and write.
The Best Solution for Pandemic Prevention of Covid-19: Important Notes in Light of the Quranic Perspectives
Authors: Usman Abur Hamdi , Abdul Kadir Muhd. Najib , Abdullah Mohd Farid Ravi
Published: December 2023

This article analytically discusses how the Quran commands Muslims to be prudent in the face of a pandemic crisis. The Quran is the holy book of Islam and is considered by Muslims to be the word of God and is a valid source of guidance alongside science advisories from government authorities. Using a qualitative method, this study investigates the Quranic assertion that in the face of a pandemic crisis, Muslims are required to do charitable deeds and keep striving with the hope that the solution to problems people face can be actively found, rather than just fatalistically surrendering to fate and Allah’s power alone. In this regard, the Quran commands Muslims to be prudent and to take precautions against the spread of disease, practice charity, endure, not be fooled by false gossip and to place trust in the religious and health authorities during times of crisis.
Understanding Malaysian youth’s social media practices and their attitude towards violent extremism
Authors: Ismail Nurzali , Jawhar Jasmine , Mohd Yusof Danial , Ismail Anis Izzati , Raja Muhammad Khairul Akhtar
Published: December 2023

The internet is an effective tool for learning, dissemination of information, communication, social networking and electronic commerce, among others. However, the internet, particularly through social media, has also been the source of disinformation, hate speech and the spreading of violent extremist propaganda. The use of social media to spread such information is also apparent in Malaysia. A significant number of those arrested for terror-related activities have been found to use social media to communicate, spread propaganda and recruit supporters and sympathizers. Hence, this study attempted to examine youth’s social media practices and factors that influence their support towards violent extremism on social media. This is particularly important for policy makers and practitioners to develop a more robust strategy in countering the use of social media by violent extremists and terrorists to target youth. To achieve the study aim, an online survey involving 400 respondents was conducted. The findings revealed that, youth liked video content the most, this was followed by written content, infographic and images. Information seeking continues to be an important purpose for using social media. While youth’s attitude towards violent extremism was moderate, this study found that, information or argument quality, perceived usefulness and perceived ease of use were factors that could influence attitude. Considering that social media technology that is constantly changing, it was proposed that, future studies in countering violent extremism to continually look into youth’s social media usage, particularly in understanding different social media platforms, types of content and the message design aspect.
Report on the first International Conference on Islamic Spiritual Care: Conceptualising Spiritual Care Between Traditional Guidance and Modern Practices
Authors: Jamil Khairil Husaini
Published: December 2023

International Conference on Islamic Spiritual Care (INSPIRE) 2021 was organised by the Department of Qurʾan and Sunnah Studies at the International Islamic University Malaysia in collaboration with the Islamic University of Applied Sciences, Rotterdam.
Book Review Osman Bakar, Environmental Wisdom for Planet Earth: The Islamic Heritage [Revised New Edition] (Kuala Lumpur: Islamic Book Trust, 2022). 114 pp. ISBN 978-967-2795-00-1.
Authors: Mrahorovic Senad
Published: December 2023

The article does not contain abstract as it is a book review.
The Challenges of Civil Society Organisations: NGO-isation of Resistance in Malaysia?
Authors: Syed Annuar Sharifah Nursyahidah , Ismail Muhamad Takiyuddin
Published: December 2023

Numerous academic studies asserted the positive contribution of Malaysian civil society organisations in national policymaking and democratisation. Nonetheless, several issues have recently posed significant challenges to civil society organisations, including NGOs. These include, for instance, reported sexual harassment incidents and controversies of purported democratic aid or funding to the NGOs. Meanwhile, the phrase “uncivil society” and the relevant definition are ambiguously applied to the existing Malaysian NGOs, as past scholarly works solely concentrated on investigating civil society. The current study aims to explore the concept of “uncivil society” in Malaysia and its relevance to the NGO-isation of resistance. Specifically, this study reviews literature on the existing concepts of civil-uncivil society, the NGO-isation of resistance, and the development of CSOs and NGOs. This study revealed different experiences of individuals, who collaborated with four different NGO types, namely human rights, women, education, and the environment. Resultantly, three main concerns regarding “uncivil society” and NGO-isation of resistance are identified. The three identified concerns, namely undemocratic work culture, the NGO establishment motive, and ineffective resistance, could occur in Malaysia.
'Morning Slaps' Da’wah: A Study on @taqy_malik Instagram Account Registers
Authors: Sholihah Rizki Amalia , Rohmatulloh Dawam Multazamy
Published: December 2023

The use of social media as a tool to convey religious thoughts has a considerable impact when carried out on/by accounts of public figures that are popular among millennials. Technological savviness and religious knowledge acquisition are not only required to be possessed by those accounts but also the creativity to engage with the audience by formulating genuine rhetorics. An example is the Instagram account of Taqiyudin Malik (@taqy_malik – hereinafter referred to as Taqy), a young Indonesian entrepreneur-preacher with around 2.4 million followers. Using sociolinguistics and netnography approaches as well as employing a descriptive qualitative method, we examined Taqy's account posts, specifically those collected in the #TamparanPagi (Morning Slaps) category. Through a register study on 12 posts, found that Taqy carried out digital da’wah in simple, humorous, and casual rhetorical ways filled with satirical irony. We categorized six categories of Taqy’s posts, namely remembering and preparing the afterlife, the Allah’s commands, the fruitfulness of ibadah, the oneness of Allah, call for marriage, and improving personalities. The finding confirms that the use of social media, specifically Instagram, can be a tool for spreading da’wah messages with no explicit impression of being patronizing or intimidating.
Management Strategy and Challenges for Religious Radio Stations in Malaysia
Authors: Abdul Wahab Juliana , Ibrahim Intan Soliha , Abas Azlan
Published: December 2023

The landscape of radio transmission has changed as a result of the advent of digital technologies. It has indirectly affected how people listen to the radio. This study seeks to understand how religious radio stations stay relevant in radio industry when commercial radio rules. Hence, this research aims to determine the factors contributing to religious radio sustainability and its challenges in the digital age. This research used a qualitative approach by interviewing religious radio station managers. The findings reveal that management strategy is the core factor influencing community response to religious radio. Even though commercial radio dominates the radio business in the country, there is no competition between religious and commercial radio. Nevertheless, the commercial radio seeks to emulate religious radio strategy, unexpectedly. By defining the target listeners and using a good scheduling structure, management has proven to be the cornerstone of religious radio stations' success.