bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Interprofessional collaboration and patient-reported outcomes in inpatient care: a systematic review
Authors: Kaiser Laura , Conrad Susann , Neugebauer Edmund A. M. , Pietsch Barbara , Pieper Dawid
Published: August 2022

Background

Interprofessional collaboration (IPC) is seen as the “gold standard” of comprehensive care, but credible evidence concerning the effects on patient-reported outcomes (PRO) is lacking. The aim of this systematic review is to study the effect of IPC on PRO in inpatient care.

Methods

We systematically searched six electronic databases (PubMed, Web of Science/Social Science Citation Index, CENTRAL (Cochrane Library), Current Contents (LIVIVO), CINAHL, and Embase) for studies published between 1997 and 2021. Additional studies were identified through citation tracking, manually searching the Internet and Google Scholar, and consultation of experts. Risk of bias (RoB) was assessed using the RoB 2 tool for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and ROBINS-I for non-randomized studies (NRS). The included controlled before-and-after study (CBA) was assessed using both the ROBINS-I and the Effective Practice and Organization of Care (EPOC) quality criteria. Results were synthesized through narrative description, grouping, and thematic analysis of extracted data.

Results

The search yielded 10,213 records, from which 22 studies (16 RCTs, five NRS, and one CBA) fulfilled the inclusion criteria. In all but five studies, RoB was assessed as being high (RoB 2) resp. critical or serious (ROBINS-I). Within these 22 studies, nine inductively derived outcomes were assessed: (i) quality of life, (ii) coping, (iii) functional ability and health status, (iv) psychiatric morbidity, (v) pain, (vi) managing one’s own health care, (vii) treatment success, (viii) satisfaction, and (ix) therapeutic relationship. While some studies do not report effect estimates, and some of the reported effects appear to be imprecisely estimated, the overall results indicate that IPC may affect PRO positively across all outcomes.

Conclusions

Due to high clinical heterogeneity and high RoB, the question whether IPC affects PRO cannot be answered conclusively. Methodically rigorous studies are needed in order to answer the question of effectiveness of IPC.

Systematic review registration

PROSPERO CRD42017073900
Error-constant estimation under the maximum norm for linear Lagrange interpolation
Authors: Galindo Shirley Mae , Ike Koichiro , Liu Xuefeng
Published: August 2022

For the linear Lagrange interpolation over a triangular domain, we propose an efficient algorithm to rigorously evaluate the interpolation error constant under the maximum norm by using the finite-element method (FEM). In solving the optimization problem corresponding to the interpolation error constant, the maximum norm in the constraint condition is the most difficult part to process. To handle this difficulty, a novel method is proposed by combining the orthogonality of the space decomposition using the Fujino–Morley FEM space and the convex-hull property of the Bernstein representation of functions in the FEM space. Numerical results for the lower and upper bounds of the interpolation error constant for triangles of various types are presented to verify the efficiency of the proposed method.
Design of Intrusion Detection System based on Cyborg intelligence for security of Cloud Network Traffic of Smart Cities
Authors: Onyema Edeh Michael , Dalal Surjeet , Romero Carlos Andrés Tavera , Seth Bijeta , Young Praise , Wajid Mohd Anas
Published: August 2022

The Internet of things (IoT) is an important technology that is highly beneficial in establishing smart items, connections and cities. However, there are worries regarding security and privacy vulnerabilities in IoT in which some emerge from numerous sources, including cyberattacks, unsecured networks, data, connections or communication. This paper provides an ensemble intrusion strategy based on Cyborg Intelligence (machine learning and biological intelligence) framework to boost security of IoT enabled networks utilized for network traffic of smart cities. To do this, multiple algorithms such Random Forest, Bayesian network (BN), C5.0, CART and Artificial Neural Network were investigated to determine their usefulness in identifying threats and attacks-botnets in IoT networks based on cyborg intelligence using the KDDcup99 dataset. The results reveal that the AdaBoost ensemble learning based on Cyborg Intelligence Intrusion Detection framework facilitates dissimilar network characteristics with the capacity to swiftly identify different botnet assaults efficiently. The suggested framework has obtained good accuracy, detection rate and a decreased false positive rate in comparison to other standard methodologies. The conclusion of this study would be a valuable complement to the efforts toward protecting IoT-powered networks and the accomplishment of safer smart cities.
Production of cellulosic ethanol and value-added products from corn fiber
Authors: Guo Yingjie , Liu Guodong , Ning Yanchun , Li Xuezhi , Hu Shiyang , Zhao Jian , Qu Yinbo
Published: August 2022

Corn fiber, a by-product from the corn processing industry, mainly composed of residual starch, cellulose, and hemicelluloses, is a promising raw material for producing cellulosic ethanol and value-added products due to its abundant reserves and low costs of collection and transportation. Now, several technologies for the production of cellulosic ethanol from corn fiber have been reported, such as the D3MAX process, Cellerate™ process, etc., and part of the technologies have also been used in industrial production in the United States. The ethanol yields range from 64 to 91% of the theoretical maximum, depending on different production processes. Because of the multicomponent of corn fiber and the complex structures highly substituted by a variety of side chains in hemicelluloses of corn fiber, however, there are many challenges in cellulosic ethanol production from corn fiber, such as the low conversion of hemicelluloses to fermentable sugars in enzymatic hydrolysis, high production of inhibitors during pretreatment, etc. Some technologies, including an effective pretreatment process for minimizing inhibitors production and maximizing fermentable sugars recovery, production of enzyme preparations with suitable protein compositions, and the engineering of microorganisms capable of fermenting hexose and pentose in hydrolysates and inhibitors tolerance, etc., need to be further developed. The process integration of cellulosic ethanol and value-added products also needs to be developed to improve the economic benefits of the whole process. This review summarizes the status and progresses of cellulosic ethanol production and potential value-added products from corn fiber and presents some challenges in this field at present.
Successful annuloplasty using the cone-beam computed tomography-assisted radiofrequency thermocoagulation system in a patient with severe vertebral deformity: a case report
Authors: Hagihara Shintaro , Nakagawa Masayuki , Matsubara Kana , Godai Kohei , Kamijima Kenya , Abe Yoichiro
Published: August 2022

Background

Complex anatomical features are challenging for minimally invasive intradiscal therapy owing to insufficient visualization for accurate needle advancement. We report the case of a patient with dysraphic vertebral pathologies who presented with L5/S1 degeneration and was successfully treated with annuloplasty using the cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT)-assisted radiofrequency thermocoagulation system.

Case presentation

A 34-year-old woman presented with a lower back and left radicular pain of L5/S1 discogenic origin, accompanied by spina bifida occulta and lumbosacral transitional vertebra. Radiofrequency annuloplasty was performed to preserve disc height and spinal stability, with real-time CBCT guidance for the congenital and degenerative conditions. The procedure relieved her left lower-extremity pain and magnetic resonance imaging revealed that the L5/S1 disc bulging decreased while the disc height was preserved.

Conclusion

Optimal accessibility of radiofrequency thermocoagulation and effective needle guidance using CBCT significantly improve the success rate of annuloplasty at the L5/S1 degenerative disc with severe vertebral deformity.
Barriers to breastfeeding are shaped by sociocultural context: an exploratory qualitative study in Bangladesh
Authors: Uddin Md. Fakhar , Jabeen Ishrat , Islam Mohammad Ashraful , Rahman Mahfuzur , Chisti Mohammod Jobayer , Ahmed Tahmeed , Sarma Haribondhu
Published: August 2022

Background

Breastfeeding practice is still not optimum in Bangladesh. Understanding barriers to breastfeeding is needed to prevent harmful practices. This study aimed to understand barriers to breastfeeding among infants and young children in Bangladesh.

Methods

This qualitative study was conducted in five rural sub-districts and one urban slum in Bangladesh. We conceptualized that barriers to breastfeeding can be broadly grouped into individual, society, and system level barriers. We conducted in-depth interviews with 33 breastfeeding mothers and 13 grandmothers of breastfed children (totaln = 46 interviews). We observed 23 of these infants and young children being breastfed. These data were supplemented by 3 focus group discussions held with the children’s fathers. We managed the data using Atlas.ti software and analyzed the data thematically using an inductive approach.

Results

Important individual-level barriers perceived to influence breastfeeding included misconceptions about the adverse effects of breastfeeding on maternal health, nutrition and physical appearance, and lack of awareness of the value of breastfeeding among family members. Perceived society-level barriers included sociocultural norms, beliefs, and practices such as mother obliged to give more attention on household chores than breastfeeding to become a good housewife and feeding formula milk perceived as a symbol of parents’ financial solvency in the society. System-level barriers included attractive advertisements of breastmilk substitutes, and inadequate facilities and support processes in mothers’ work environments.

Conclusion

A range of barriers at individual, society and system level have important implications for infant and young children’s breastfeeding practices in Bangladesh. Development of interventions that address the range of barriers that many mothers face is essential to support breastfeeding practices. Potential interventions include strengthening information-giving during interaction between mothers and health workers on breastfeeding techniques, and engaging fathers and other “significant others” in counseling on breastfeeding.
Molecular epidemiology of camel contagious ecthyma in Arero district, Ethiopia
Authors: Diba Bareda , Gelalcha Benti Deresa , Ayele Birhanu , Adane Bedane , Plummer Paul J.
Published: August 2022

Background

While dromedary camels (Camelus dromedarius) were traditionally believed to be resistant to most livestock diseases, research has demonstrated that they are susceptible to a large number of infectious agents. Based on the clinical appearance of typical lesions, camel contagious ecthyma, caused by a Parapoxvirus, is thought to be one of the most common viral diseases of dromedary camels in Ethiopia.

Methods

A cross-sectional study was conducted from November 2013 to April 2014 in Arero district of Borana Zone, Oromia Regional State of Ethiopia to investigate the epidemiological aspect of camel contagious ecthyma and molecularly identify the causative agent. A polymerase chain reaction based on B2L gene-specific primers of Parapoxvirus was used for confirmatory diagnosis of the disease from camels showing suspected clinical signs of Parapoxvirus infection.

Results

The majority (87%) of camel owners reported the occurrence of camel contagious ecthyma outbreaks in their herds in the past year (a year preceding the start of the study). The overall morbidity and mortality rates attributed to camel contagious ecthyma were 20% (95% CI 11–36%) and 6.3% (95% CI 5.2–7.6%), respectively. Camel calves had higher odds of becoming affected by the disease than adults [OR = 3.44 (95% CI 2.29–4.09)] and the difference was statistically significant. The disease has a marked seasonality with most of the cases occurring during the rainy season. Acacia trees significantly contribute to virus dissemination by damaging the lips of browsing camels. Confirmatory diagnosis of the suspected cases using conventional polymerase chain reaction generated the expected amplification product of 1200 bp for one of the samples.

Conclusions

This study confirms the presence and importance of camel contagious ecthyma in Ethiopia and establishes the basis for further research.
Misuse of analysis of variance in African biomedical journals: a call for more vigilance
Authors: Abubakar Bilyaminu , Uthman Yaaqub Abiodun , Jatau Abubakar Ibrahim , Danbatta Abubakar , Nuhu Hafsat Nasidi , Mustapha Mohammed
Published: August 2022

Background

Misuse of analysis of variance alongside other statistical methods has been an important topic of discussion in many scientific gatherings. Although misuse of analysis of variance is of global concern, its prevalence in African-based biomedical journals has raised concerns among colleagues.

Methods

We sampled the current issues/last published issues of all African biomedical journals aggregated in an African journal aggregator. We scanned through all the journals’ sample articles in the journal aggregator and retrieved articles that either applied analysis of variance or were supposed to use the test.

Results

Our results show that 126 articles of the total 1789 sampled articles employed analysis of variance test for analysis. Of these, 99 (78.6%) articles used the analysis of variance test correctly, while 27 (21.4%) misused the test. Not stating the type of analysis of variance test employed for analysis was the most prevalent misuse of analysis of variance test.

Conclusions

In overall, the study demonstrated that misuse of analysis of variance test is prevalent in African biomedical journals. Therefore, all stakeholders (medical schools, reviewers, journal editors) need to do more to nip it in the bud.
Intestine and spleen microbiota composition in healthy and diseased tilapia
Authors: Ofek Tamir , Lalzar Maya , Izhaki Ido , Halpern Malka
Published: August 2022

Symbiotic bacteria within the gut microbiome of various organisms, including fish, provide the host with several functions that improve the immune system. Although the spleen plays an important role in the modulation of immune responses, the role of spleen microbiota in shaping the immune system is unclear. Our study aimed at understanding the relationship between fish health and microbiota composition in the intestine and spleen. Our model organism was the hybrid tilapia (Oreochromis aureus × Oreochromis niloticus). We sampled intestine and spleen from healthy and diseased adult tilapia and determined their microbiota composition by sequencing the 16S rRNA gene. Significant differences were found between the intestine and the spleen microbiota composition of healthy compared to diseased fish as well as between intestines and spleens of fish with the same health condition. The microbiota diversity of healthy fish compared to diseased fish was significantly different as well. In the intestine of healthy fish,Cetobacteriumwas the most abundant genus whileMycoplasmawas the most abundant genus in the spleen.Vibriowas the most abundant genus in the intestine and spleen of diseased fish. Moreover, it seems that there is a co-infection interaction betweenVibrioandAeromonas, which was reflected in the spleen of diseased fish. WhileVibrio, AeromonasandStreptococcuswere the probable pathogens in the diseased fish, the role ofMycoplasmaas a pathogen of cultured hybrid tilapia remains uncertain. We conclude that the intestine and spleen microbiota composition is strongly related to the health condition of the fish.
Co-overexpression of self-renewal markers SALL4 and HIWI is correlated with depth of tumor invasion and metastasis in colorectal cancer
Authors: Forghanifard Mohammad Mahdi , Salehi Somayeh
Published: August 2022

Background

SALL4 and HIWI are involved in the maintenance of self-renewal capacity of stem cells. Several scrutinizes have demonstrated that SALL4 and HIWI play a key role in cancer development. However, the correlation between these genes regarding different clinicopathological features of patients with colorectal cancer (CRC) is still unclear.

Methods

The expression of SALL4 and HIWI in different clinicopathological features of 46 CRC patients was analyzed using relative comparative real-time PCR.

Results

mRNA expression levels of SALL4 and HIWI genes were significantly correlated with each other in CRC (P = 0.013, Pearson correlation = 0.364). HIWI expression was notably increased in tumors with overexpression of SALL4 in comparison with other samples. This correlation was significant in non-metastatic CRCs compared to the metastatic tumors and in invaded tumors to the serosa (T3/T4) in comparison with non-invaded tumors (T1/T2).

Conclusions

Based on the significant association of SALL4 and HIWI in different indices of CRC poor prognosis, it may be concluded that simultaneous expression of these genes is notably contributed to the growth and development of the disease, and therefore, their co-overexpression may be considered for prognosis of aggressive CRCs.
Improved oral bioavailability of poorly water-soluble vorinostat by self-microemulsifying drug delivery system
Authors: Janakiraman Ashok Kumar , Islam Tahani , Liew Kai Bin , Elumalai Manogaran , Hanish Singh J. C.
Published: August 2022

Background

Vorinostat is a histone deacetylase inhibitor suberoylanilide hydroxamic acid (SAHA) with anticancer properties. However, it is plagued by low water solubility, low permeability (BCS class IV drug), and suboptimal pharmacokinetics. The purpose of the present study was to develop a self-microemulsifying drug delivery system (SMEDDS) to enhance the oral bioavailability of vorinostat. Capryol 90, labrasol, and polyethylene glycol (PEG 400) were selected as oil phase, surfactant, and co-surfactant, respectively. The vorinostat self-microemulsifying drug delivery systems were tested for self-microemulsifying time, phase separation, effect of pH, droplet size, zeta potential, dilution study, Fourier-transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy analysis, and field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM). A rat model in vivo pharmacokinetic study was conducted for the optimized formulation against vorinostat pure drug powder.

Results

The results from the characterization studies showed that the optimized formulation (F7) self-microemulsification time was 1.4 ± 0.05 min and no precipitation or phase separation was observed. The mean droplet size, polydispersity index (PDI), and zeta potential of the optimized formulation (F7) were found to be 272.9 ± 82.7 nm, 0.415, and − 57.2 mV, respectively. The pharmacokinetic parameters of the optimized formulation (F7) showed a 1.6-fold increase in maximum concentration (Cmax) and a 3.6-fold increase in area under the curve (AUC(0−∞)), in comparison with pure drug in suspension.

Conclusions

The findings suggest that SMEDDS formulation could be an effective method for increasing the oral bioavailability of vorinostat, which is poorly water soluble.
Evaluation of Fetuin-A level in diabetic retinopathy
Authors: Mostafa Esraa A. M. , AlShaarawy Buthayna A. I. , Abd El-Hamid Samar M. , Gamal Asmaa M.
Published: August 2022

Background

Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is a micro-vascular consequence of diabetes mellitus (DM) that manifests clinically as retinal ischemia, neovascularization, altered retinal permeability, and macular edema. In the adult population, DR is now considered a leading cause of blindness. Fetuin-A is a multifunctional glycoprotein that, because of its dual role in insulin resistance and angiogenesis, could be an early trigger of DR pathogenesis.

Objective

This study aimed to evaluate the level of Fetuin-A in diabetic patients with and without retinopathy and demonstrate if it could be used as an early indicator of DR.

Patients and methods

A case–control study enrolled 45 participants selected from Al-Zahraa University Hospital, between March 2021 and October 2021, they were divided into three groups: Group 1: healthy control group (n=15); Group 2: type 2 diabetic patients without DR (n=15); and Group 3: type 2 diabetic patients with DR (n=15). All groups were age- and sex-matched and were investigated by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) to evaluate serum level of Fetuin-A.

Results

There was a highly significant difference of FBG, 2HPP, and HbA1c between the studied groups (p< 0.001), while there was no significant difference between the three studied groups regarding Fetuin-A. There were no significant correlation between Fetuin-A, glycemic parameters, and diabetic duration in Groups 2 and 3.

Conclusion

Fetuin-A has no significant role in the pathogenesis of diabetic retinopathy.
Train rolling stock video segmentation and classification for bogie part inspection automation: a deep learning approach
Authors: Krishnamohan Kaja , Prasad Ch. Raghava , Kishore P. V. V.
Published: August 2022

Train rolling stock examination (TRSE) is a physical procedure for inspecting the bogie parts during transit at a little over 30 kmph. Currently, this process is manually performed across many railway networks across the world. This work proposes to automate the process of TRSE using artificial intelligence techniques. The previous works have proposed active contour-based models for the segmentation of bogie parts. Though accurate, the models require manual intervention and are found to be iterative making them unsuitable for real-time operations. In this work, we propose a segmentation model followed by a deep learning classifier that can accurately increase the deployability of such systems in real time. We apply the UNet model for the segmentation of bogie parts which are further classified using an attention-based convolutional neural network (CNN) classifier. In this work, we propose a shape deformable attention model to identify shape variations occurring in the video sequence due to viewpoint changes during the train movement. The TRSNet is trained and tested on the high-speed train bogie videos captured across four different trains. The results of the experimentation have been shown to improve the recognition accuracy of the proposed system by 6% over the state-of-the-art classifiers previously developed for TRSE.
Metastatic Grade 3 Neuroendocrine Tumor in Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia Type 1 Expressing Somatostatin Receptors
Authors: Graf Akua , Welch James , Bansal Rashika , Mandl Adel , Parekh Vaishali I , Cochran Craig , Levy Elliot , Nilubol Naris , Patel Dhaval , Sadowski Samira , Jha Smita , Agarwal Sunita K , Millo Corina , Blau Jenny E , Simonds William F , Weinstein Lee S , Del Rivero Jaydira
Published: August 2022

Gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine tumors (GEP-NETs) may occur in 30% to 90% of patients with multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 (MEN1). However, only 1% of GEP-NETs are grade 3 (G3). Given the rarity of these aggressive tumors, treatment of advanced G3 GEP-NETs in MEN1 is based on the treatment guidelines for sporadic GEP-NETs. We report a 43-year-old male with germline MEN1 followed at our institution, with clinical features including hyperparathyroidism, a nonfunctional pancreatic NET, and Zollinger–Ellison syndrome. On routine surveillance imaging at age 40, computed tomography/positron emission tomography imaging showed 2 arterially enhancing intraluminal masses on the medial aspect of the gastric wall. Anatomical imaging confirmed 2 enhancing masses within the pancreas and a rounded mass-like thickening along the lesser curvature of the stomach. The gastric mass was resected, and pathology reported a well-differentiated G3 NET with a Ki-67 >20%. The patient continued active surveillance. Eighteen months later cross-sectional imaging studies showed findings consistent with metastatic disease within the right hepatic lobe and bland embolization was done. On follow-up scans, including 68Ga-DOTATATE (68Ga-DOTA(0)-Tyr(3)-octreotate) imaging, interval increase in number and avidity of metastatic lesions were compatible with disease progression. Given a paucity of treatment recommendations for G3 tumors in MEN1, the patient was counseled based on standard NET treatment guidelines and recommended 177Lu-DOTATATE treatment. PRRT (peptide receptor radionuclide therapy) with 177Lu-DOTATATE (177Lu-tetraazacyclododecanetetraacetic acid-octreotide) is an important therapeutic modality for patients with somatostatin receptor–positive NETs. However, prospective studies are needed to understand the role of PRRT in G3 NETs.
Management of Paediatric Proximal Tibia Osteosarcoma – A Novel Technique of Preservation of Physeal Growth
Authors: Pai Satvik N , Menon Gopinath , Harshavardhan Giriraj , Sashaank Srijay
Published: August 2022

Introduction: Osteosarcoma is a malignant tumor, the treatment of which is controversial between amputation and limb salvage surgery. Osteosarcoma occurring in a child is a challenge to manage due to the arrest of limb and the resultant limb length discrepancy. The management options for a child less than eight years of age are very limited. Case report: We present a case of a six year old child who was diagnosed to have osteosarcoma of proximal tibia. She was started on neoadjuvant chemotherapy, after which, she underwent wide resection and reconstruction with free vascularised fibular graft. The joint was fused using a locking compression plate and screws. The locking screws were inserted avoiding the distal femoral physis, enabling growth of the physis in future. Adjuvant chemotherapy was then given. Follow up radiographs showed Harris growth lines indicating growth to be occurring at the distal femoral physis. She was not found to have recurrence on last follow up four years after surgery. Conclusion: We found reconstruction using free fibular graft and arthrodesis using plate and screws, provided satisfactory results. An attempt can be made to preserve the distal femur physis.
A Case Report of the Complete Union of an Impending Failure of Patellar Fracture Treated with Cannulated Cancellous Screws and Tension Band Wiring for Failed Modified Tension Band Wiring Technique
Authors: Rava Gautam , Mahanta Pranjal
Published: August 2022

Introduction: Modified tension band wiring (MTBW) using two cannulated cancellous screws which also achieve a horizontal figure of eight patterns of tension band is established as a superior fixation to using Kirschner wires for type 34-C1 fracture of the patella. We are describing a case where this method was used for failed MTBW using two Kirschner wires where an impending failure in the early post-operative period proceeded to complete bony union without any implant failure or functional deficit following a period of conservative management. Case Presentation: We are describing a 67-year-old man with type 34-C1 fracture of patella treated by MTBW using Kirschner wires and a stainless steel (SS) wire, with fixation failure after around 6 weeks, which was revised by MTBW using two vertically placed cannulated partially threaded cancellous screws and SS wire as a tension band. In the early post-operative period, a routine X-ray of the operated part showed fracture fragment separation with a slight sack in the tension band wire without any signs of implant failure. To our surprise, the fracture proceeded to complete bony union while continuing gradually increased active knee range of motion exercises. Conclusion: This case report presents how an impending failure proceeded to complete fracture healing because of dynamic compression of the fracture provided by the tension band construct.
Surgical Treatment Modalities in Pediatric Monostotic Fibrous Dysplasia of Proximal Femur – A Case Series
Authors: Tathe Pankaj V , Banik Soham , Mandal Sourav
Published: August 2022

Introduction: Monostotic fibrous dysplasia is a rare genetic non-inherited orthopedic condition presenting at any age with variable presentation. Proximal femur being the most common site, the mechanical factor predisposes it to increased chances of pathological fracture, which makes it challenging to choose an appropriate treatment modality and implant selection in children. Case Presentation: In this retrospective case series, six children aged 7–12 years with monostotic fibrous dysplasia with or without fracture were treated with different treatment modalities from 2015 to 2020. Extended curettage and bone grafting and stabilization were done with extramedullary implants such as locking plates and DHS. Autograft alone or combination with allograft was chosen according to size of lesion. Patients without fracture were treated with curettage and artificial bone graft substitute with hip spica. Patients were followed up to 12 months. Revised Musculoskeletal Tumor Society (MSTS) score at each follow-up and Toronto Extremity Salvage Score (TESS) at final follow-up. Results: Mean fracture healing time was 14.8 ± 2.28 weeks. in patients with fracture. Full weight-bearing was started at average 15.67 ± 2.94 weeks. One patient had shortening of 1 cm but none had any surgical site infection, loss of correction, or varus collapse more than 5°. Mean revised MSTS at 12 months was 24.2 ± 2.28 in patients with curettage, bone grafting, and internal fixation, while it was 27 in patients with curettage, grafting with hip spica. Mean TESS was found to be 90 ± 9.41 in internal fixation group, while it was 95 in patient with curettage, grafting with hip spica. Conclusion: Treatment modality should be chosen wisely after analyzing pre-operative radiograph, lesion size, presence of pathological fracture, and each patient profile. Extramedullary fixation devices can be an alternate choice of implant in children and adolescents for monostotic fibrous dysplasia. Long duration follow-up and patient counseling should be done for recurrence of lesion and deformities.
Masquelet Technique and Proximal Tibial Autograft Utilizing Avitus® Bone Harvester for Severely Comminuted Open Distal Radius Fracture with Extensive Bone Loss: A Case Report
Authors: Greco Victor E , Hammarstedt Jon E. , O’Connor Shaelyn , Regal Steven
Published: August 2022

Introduction: Distal radius fractures are one of the most common fractures in the United States. Treatment usually involves internal fixation using a volar Henry approach with placement of a volar locking plate. Optimal treatment becomes less apparent when significant bone loss occurs. No case of an open distal radius fracture treated using a staged Masquelet technique involving proximal tibial autograft is available in the literature. Herein, we describe and discuss a case report of a novel technique to treat a large (5 cm) bone defect for an open distal radius fracture. Case Report: A 59-year-old man suffered an open, comminuted, and intra-articular distal radius fracture with 5 cm of bone loss. He was treated using a staged Masquelet technique with incorporation of ipsilateral proximal tibial autograft with a bone harvester to obtain cancellous autograft and bone marrow graft. The patient initially underwent emergent I and D, acute carpal tunnel release, and internal and external fixation. A 5 cm bone void was filled with antibiotic cement. Four weeks later, the antibiotic cement was removed, cancellous bone graft and marrow were harvested from the proximal tibia, and the graft was placed within the prior bone void. Fracture site healing was confirmed radiographically and with computer-tomography imaging 3 months later. The patient has demonstrated excellent results 1 year post-operative with 60° of wrist flexion, 40° of wrist extension with mild pain, and full finger range of motion with radiographic union. Conclusion: Internal fixation with placement of a volar locking plate remains the mainstay of treatment for distal radial fractures. However, in more comminuted fractures with bone loss, treatment becomes more challenging. We have presented a unique case utilizing a staged Masquelet technique with incorporation of a proximal tibial autograft to educate readers on an alternative option and technique for autograft donor sites in these more complicated fractures.
Tubercular Tenosynovitis Mimicking a Large Ganglion Cyst
Authors: D’souza Albert , Joshi Anil , Jeyaraman Madhan , Singh Dhirendra Pratap , Gaurav Mr
Published: August 2022

Introduction: Tubercular tenosynovitis of the wrist and hand, although rare, presents a diagnostic dilemma primarily due to its non-specific clinical presentation, insidious course, and the large number of differentials that mimic it. When the diagnosis is late or delayed, significant bone and tendon complications occur. Large progressive swelling around the wrist in TB endemic countries should raise an early suspicion of being of tubercular etiology and should be high on the list of differential diagnoses. Case Report: A 48-year-old female presented with a large progressive swelling on the volar aspect of the left wrist and palm for 7 months, associated with increasing pain, stiffness, limited wrist range of movements, and weakened grip strength. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) revealed synovitis and fluid within flexor tendon synovial sheaths. The patient underwent an excision of the mass in toto and the cut section revealed an irregularly thickened wall with rice bodies within. Histopathological examination was indicative of a large ganglion cyst. GeneXpert MTB/RIF assay detected Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Despite histopathology being inconclusive, a diagnosis of TTS was considered due to the patient’s clinical presentation, MRI, and operative findings. The patient was started on an antitubercular drug regimen for a 1-year duration. The patient regained a complete range of movements of fingers and wrist and normal grip strength at the 3rd month follow-up. Conclusion: TTS is a challenging diagnosis entity. The diagnostic confirmation was achieved either by histopathology or detection of the organism either by culture or GeneXpert MTB/RIF assay. When the diagnosis is unsupported, drug therapy can be initiated empirically on strong suspicion of tuberculosis, especially in TB endemic areas.
Posterior Insertion of a Lateral Lumbar Interbody Fusion Cage for the Treatment of Osteoporotic Vertebral Fracture with Kyphotic Deformity: A Case Sereis Series
Authors: Itoi Akira , Nojiri Hidedoshi , Ogawa Takahisa , Osamu Obayashi
Published: August 2022

Introduction: Stable fixation with a wide-foot-plate expandable cage and lateral lumbar interbody fusion (LLIF) cage has been reported as the ideal treatment for vertebral pseudarthrosis or deformity after an osteoporotic vertebral fracture. (OVF). The procedure requires anterior surgery, which may be associated with unique complications. Therefore, we performed a novel procedure consisting of posterior vertebral column resection (PVCR) using a lateral lumbar interbody fusion LLIF cage. Case Presentation: In 2020, we prospectively studied three patients (one male and two female patients; mean age, 75.1 years) who underwent posterior insertion of a lateral lumbar interbody fusion LLIF cage for kyphotic deformity due to osteoporotic vertebral fractures. OVFs. The affected levels were L1, T12, and T11 in patients one, two, and three, respectively. The cage trajectory was confirmed by simulating the procedure using PowerPoint® software. Radiological outcomes were assessed using the angle of local kyphosis pre-preoperatively and postoperatively, and the clinical outcomes and neurological complications were reviewed. We inserted the cage smoothly and optimally in all three patients without sacrificing the nerve root, consistent with our pre-operative simulations. The mean operation time was 405 min (range, 368–433 min), and the mean blood loss was 845 mL (range, 800–865 mL). The mean local kyphotic angle was 46.3° preoperatively and 16.3° two2 weeks postoperatively. The pre-operative low back pain disappeared in all the patients. Post-operative neurological complications occurred in two of the patients, but did not interfere with walking rehabilitation. Conclusion: The present study is the first to demonstrate that posterior insertion of a lateral lumbar interbody fusionLLIF cage is feasible in patients undergoing posterior vertebral column resection. PVCR.
A 22-Month old with a Neglected Monteggia Injury: A Case Report and Review of the Literature
Authors: Ozturk Tahir , Zengin Eyup Cagatay
Published: August 2022

Introduction: A pediatric Monteggia injury, when the diagnosis is missed or neglected, is still a challenging problem for the treating orthopedic surgeon. In this case report, we report our treatment method for a neglected Monteggia injury in a 22-month-old child. Case Presentation: A 22-month-old female patient had a history of significant trauma 8 months earlier, but no referral was made to any health institution during this period. The patient presented with swelling in the right elbow and what the family described as an occasional click noise during elbow movements. There was a 1/3 proximal plastic deformation of the ulna on radiographs, with anterior bowing concomitant with an anterior dislocation of the radial head. The patient was evaluated with a diagnosis of neglected type I Monteggia lesion. Conservative follow-up was carried out by applying closed reduction of the radiocapitellar joint under sedation. However, the conservative treatment method failed after 1 week of follow-up. For definitive treatment, closed radiocapitellar reduction and ulnar osteotomy (intramedullary Kirschner wire and oblique Kirschner wires) were applied. At the end of 3 months, the patient had full open range of motion in all directions without pain. Conclusion: This case report is noteworthy due to the patient’s young age and the ulnar fixation method applied. It also shows that in the presence of ulnar bowing, maintenance of radiocapitellar reduction with only closed reduction without ulnar osteotomy could not be achieved.
A Rare Case of a Fractured Exeter V40 Stem in Revision Hip Arthroplasty
Authors: Daoub Ahmed , Qayum Mohammed Kaif , Al-Hashimi Khalid Ahmed , Clark Darren
Published: August 2022

Introduction: The Exeter stem by Stryker is a polished, double wedge, tapered,and stainless steel cemented implant that is known to have high mechanical strength, and therefore can carry a significant load. Case Report: Due to the rare nature of fractures of this type of implant, its success and effectiveness within hip arthroplasty, the Exeter stem has become one of the most commonly used surgical treatment regimens for hip fractures. At present, there are only a handful of published papers detailing a fracture through an Exeter stem implant. Conclusion: The current case report documents a rare case of a fractured Exeter V40 stem and its subsequent treatment.
Atmosfera Fílmica e Abismos do Tempo: A melancolia pictórica em Portrait de la jeune fille en feu
Authors: Miranda Mariana
Published: August 2022

Este artigo intenta percorrer um caminho possível para a análise de um conceito instável: a atmosfera no cinema. É proposto um duplo movimento: (1) a formação da noção de uma atmosfera afetiva pela associação do jogo de vetores de força próprios da atmosfera com o vocabulário específico da teoria afetiva, aqui delimitada pelas afecções luto e melancolia amorosa; e (2) uma aproximação, dado o aspecto temporal inerente a estas afecções, entre a teoria da percepção-memória de Henri Bergson e a expressão da imagem-tempo, especificamente a definição de imagem-cristal, proposta por Deleuze. Através da iluminação e textura, referenciando a pintura e o uso constante do tableau vivant em Portrait de la jeune fille en feu (Retrato de uma Rapariga em Chamas, Céline Sciamma, 2019, França), o artigo explora a expressão da atmosfera propriamente ligada ao luto e melancolia amorosa no cinema, que deixa entrever, pelos seus abismos temporais, espaços afetivamente saturados.
Música ‘Nacional’ e Redes Intertextuais em Adaptações de Livros Brasileiros no Cinema Novo: Os casos de Menino de engenho (1965) e Capitu (1968)
Authors: Alvim Luiza Beatriz
Published: August 2022

Este artigo analisa o emprego de música preexistente nos filmes Menino de engenho (Walter Lima Jr, 1965) e Capitu (Paulo César Saraceni, 1968), ambas adaptações de obras literárias brasileiras, como uma faceta da afirmação da identidade nacional, em conformidade com o projeto do Cinema Novo. Menino de engenho se centra, principalmente, na música de Villa-Lobos, compositor nacionalista brasileiro, enquanto Capitu integra compositores brasileiros de diversas épocas. Por meio de procedimentos de análise fílmica e da pesquisa de arquivos fonográficos, a partir da perspectiva de estudos interartes de Claus Clüver, destacamos as relações intertextuais evocadas pelas músicas desses filmes com o romantismo musical e pictórico, com outros filmes do Cinema Novo e do pioneiro Humberto Mauro, além de outras referências (como a peça Othello, de William Shakespeare). Observamos a conformidade da música com a estética do cinema moderno, embora, por vezes, mantendo códigos do cinema clássico.
Making Sense of an Unfinished Masterpiece: Heinz Förthmann and the Production of Funeral Bororo (1953)
Authors: Henley Paul , Caiuby Novaes Sylvia
Published: August 2022

Heinz Förthmann (1915-1978) was one of the most talented film-makers in the history of Brazilian ethnographic film. But the films that he made at the height of his powers, in the 1950s, now exist only in degraded or fragmentary form, or have been lost entirely, and for this reason, he has not received the recognition that he deserves. Following a review of Förthmann’s career, and on the basis of an incomplete rough-cut lacking both soundtrack and titles, this article offers a reconstruction of Funeral Bororo, a film that he shot in 1953. If it had been completed, this film would surely now be regarded not only as Förthmann’s masterwork, but also as a major contribution to the canon of ethnographic film, both within Brazil and across the world.
Sobre Encontros (2006) e o Imaginário Humanista de Pierre-Marie Goulet
Authors: Mónica Santana Baptista
Published: August 2022

O presente artigo propõe uma análise de Encontros (2006), de Pierre-Marie Goulet, segundo filme da trilogia que o cineasta francês realizou em Portugal. Pretende-se com esta reflexão crítica dar conta do trabalho etnográfico, artístico e antropológico que Goulet desenvolveu através deste filme, em que estabelece o cruzamento entre a poesia popular, a comunidade piscatória de Furadouro, o filme Mudar de Vida (1966), de Paulo Rocha, os cantares alentejanos e corsos, e em que assinala os encontros entre Michel Giacometti, António Reis e as gentes do povo que se dedicavam a formas de expressão artística, como a camponesa e poetisa Virgínia Dias. A estrutura do filme de Goulet vai além do registo de testemunhos ou do olhar pessoal sobre a memória, lugares e afinidades eletivas entre pessoas que temporal e espacialmente poderiam estar distantes. O cineasta trabalha por associações livres, de imagens e sons, dentro de unidades temáticas que se vão acumulando e aprofundando, centrando-se na polifonia de vozes e sonoridades, na repetição de imagens que adquirem valores dramáticos diferentes. Juntamente com os restantes filmes do tríptico, Encontros contribui para aprofundar o pensamento sobre a etno-ficção e o documentário, no contexto do cinema português e da antropologia visual.
Silêncio da Terra: Narrativa, arquivo e história
Authors: Pinto Machado Marta
Published: August 2022

Partindo da exposição Silêncio da Terra: Visualidades (Pós)coloniais Intercetadas pelo Arquivo Diamang – composta por imagens deste arquivo e por trabalhos artísticos contemporâneos – propõe-se contrapor ambas as narrativas, distinguindo entre as realizadas ao serviço do Império português e aquelas que têm procurado refletir criticamente sobre a experiência colonial.
‘Arte-etnografia’, um Campo Experimental: Recensão crítica de uma epistemologia para as ‘visões expandidas’ de Arnd Schneider
Authors: Antunes Pedro
Published: August 2022

Expanded Visions de Arnd Schneider propõe-nos uma epistemologias interdiciplinar experimental, que se situa entre estéticas relacionais, materialidade, etnografia sensorial, e cinema observacional e participativo. Este quadro epistemológico invador procura inspirar antropólogos e artistas a experimentar sobre "o que pode acontecer para além dos limites erodidos do campo de visão?"
Olhar para Trás: Histórias enredadas do cinema e da antropologia
Authors: Martins Humberto , Alves Costa Catarina
Published: August 2022

Este dossier temático explora histórias cruzadas do cinema e da antropologia através de seis textos que procuram dar conta de como os dois campos têm sido ‘fertilizados’ com contributos dos dois lados. A história do cinema e da antropologia (visual) é uma história feita de mutualismos, nem sempre óbvios ou facilmente identificáveis. A partir de seis estudos e de seis histórias particulares, pretendemos contribuir, com este dossier, para a história da representação visual das pessoas no cinema etnográfico e na antropologia visual, explorando questões de conhecimento, narrativa e construção que posicionam o tema das imagens em movimento antropologizáveis em relação a dimensões éticas e políticas inescapáveis para autores, espectadores, representados, e estudiosos da imagem.
Revisión de la infección oculta por el virus de la hepatitis B
Authors: Lalana Garcés Marta , Pastor Oihana Ortiz , Solé Enrech Gemma , Guerra-Ruiz Armando Raul , Mercadal Gregori Casals , Almería Lafuente Alejandro , Ballesteros Vizoso María Antonieta , Medina Pablo Gabriel , Salgüero Fernández Sergio , Zamora Trillo Angielys , Aured de la Serna Isabel , Hurtado Juan Carlos , Pérez-Del-Pulgar Sofía , Forns Xavier , Morales Ruiz Manuel
Published: August 2022

Introducción

El diagnóstico actual del virus de la hepatitis B (VHB) está basado en la detección mediante técnicas moleculares de ADN de VHB y ensayos serológicos, como el antígeno de superficie (HBsAg) y anticuerpos frente al core VHB (anti-HBc). Existe un grupo de pacientes con infección oculta de VHB (OBI) en los que estos ensayos no son capaces de detectar el HBsAg ni la cuantificación de ADN de VHB en sangre, aunque exista replicación activa en hígado.

Contenido

El documento define la OBI, y los métodos actuales para su diagnóstico. También aborda la detección de pacientes con factores de riesgo y la necesidad de realizar el cribado de OBI en ellos.

Un correcto diagnóstico de OBI, previene la reactivación del VHB y su transmisión. El diagnóstico de OBI actualmente está basado en la detección de ADN de VHB en pacientes con HBsAg indetectable en sangre.

Perspectivas

Un número elevado de pacientes con OBI puede permanecer sin diagnosticar. Es importante realizar el cribado de OBI en determinados pacientes con factores de riesgo. La introducción de nuevos marcadores, como el HBsAg ultrasensible, y estudios más profundos de marcadores, como el ADNccc hepático, serán necesarios para un correcto diagnóstico de OBI.