bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Electrocatalytic Property of Potassium Tantalate Film Coated Electrode
Authors: Han Zhi Xia , Hao Min , Li Cong Yan , Guo Jin , Ma Guo Rui , Wang Xiao Jing , Zhao Yan Hong
Published: June 2014

In this work, potassium tantalate (KTaO3) particles were synthesized using a low-temperature hydrothermal method. The phase structure of samples prepared was performed by X-ray diffraction (XRD). The result revealed that it belongs to cubic crystal. The electrochemical behaviour of a KTaO3 film coated electrode was investigated in 0.1 mol dm-3 KCl containing 5 mmol dm-3 K3Fe (CN)6 with cyclic voltgrammetry (CV). The CV results indicated that the KTaO3 film coated electrode exhibited excellent electrochemical stability. The electrochemical reaction of K3Fe (CN)6 on the KTaO3 film coated electrode was a diffusion-controlling process.
Embedding TiO2 Nanopowder in Anode Catalyst Layers to Fabricate Self-Humidifying Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells
Authors: Lin Chien Liang , Liu Cheng Wei , Huang Chun Hsiang , Ho Wei Yu
Published: June 2014

Various hydrophilic metal oxides are added to the catalyst layers of anodes because they absorb the water that diffuses from cell cathodes. In this study, the transfer method was employed to form an anode catalyst coated membrane by using hydrophilic TiO2 nanopowder to improve the performance levels of the proton exchange membrane in low-or zero-humidification conditions. The various TiO2 loadings added to anode thin film catalyst layers were compared to determine how the TiO2 loadings affected the fuel cell performance levels at various cell temperatures and gas humidification conditions. The results indicated that adding 0.035mg/cm2 of TiO2 is optimal when the fuel cell temperature is 50 °C or 70 °C.
Novel Synthesis of Well-Dispersive Pt/Graphene Cathode Electrocatalyst for Direct Methanol Fuel Cell
Authors: Zhou Yu Hong , Li Ye , Ren Li Teng
Published: June 2014

Uniform Pt nanoparticles dispersing on graphene was successfully prepared by using ethylene glycol solution (EG) as the reduction angent, H2PtCl6 and the thermal expanded graphite oxide (TGO) as the precursor, under the condition of microwave irradiation. The as-made catalyst is very “clean” because of the dispersant-free formation process. The catalyst was investigated by XRD, FT-IR, TEM and CHI electrochimical analysis instrument. TEM image shows that the Pt particle size is in the range of 2~6 nm with a peak at 3.8 nm. Rotating disk electrode (RDE) cathodic curve shows that Pt/graphene catalyst exhibits similar oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) activity (half wave potential :0.65V) compared to commercial Pt/C (20%) catalysts (0.66V). And the current-time curve shows that the in-house Pt/graphene catalyst possess better electrocatalytic stability than a commercial Pt/C catalyst in 0.5M H2SO4 in our experiment.
Design and Development of a Portable Solar Photovoltaic Mobile Emergency Power Supply
Authors: Wang Yi Wang , Lu Jun , Zhang Xin Xiang , Li Zhong Xian
Published: June 2014

With the increase of electrical equipment, people's lives become increasingly dependent on electricity. In case of power interruption, people need to use emergency power supply.A portable solar photovoltaic mobile emergency power supply is designed in this paper,which uses embedded solar panels to provide power energy, and fitted with other complementary power input.The designed portable solar photovoltaic mobile emergency power supply provides optional DC12V/5V and AC220V output to meet the application requirements on different occasions.Through experimental tests on designed power supply prototype, the results indicated the power supply has good performance in all aspects.The designed and developed portable solar photovoltaic mobile emergency power supply has characteristics of energy saving, full-featured, high practicability and wide application [1-5].
Use of Methanol as a Coolant During Machining of Aluminum in a Shipbuilding Environment: A Failure to Assess and Manage Risk
Authors: McManus Thomas Neil , Haddad Assed N.
Published: June 2014

Minimization of harm during the conduct of work is one of the most important tenets of industrial hygiene. Organizations make changes to solve perceived problems. What appears to be expedient for solving a problem can create serious risks totally unrecognized by the proponent. This investigation reports on such a situation involving the use of methanol as a lubricant during machining of aluminium panels using a router. Spot samples for methanol were measured using colorimetric detector tubes and samples of long duration by colorimetric diffusion tubes utilizing similar chemistry. Both were positioned in the breathing zone. Most of the spot samples exceeded the 8-hour TLV-TWA (Threshold Limit Value-Time-Weighted Average) of 200 ppm and the TLV-STEL (Short-Term Exposure Limit) of 250 ppm. The two long duration samples also exceeded the TLV-TWA. A change in the operation prevented collection of additional long duration samples. By these measures, workers were overexposed to methanol during this activity. An additional serious consequence from use of methanol in this manner was risk of fire. This situation illustrates the complexity of decisions affecting workplace operations. What appears to be expedient for solving a problem may be totally inappropriate.
Health-Risk-Included Optimal Model for Groundwater Remediation Design under Uncertainty: A Case Study in Western Canada
Authors: Fan Xing , Li Jing , Zhang Jia Qi , He Li , Lu Hong Wei
Published: June 2014

Groundwater has been polluted in different countries, and the pollutants threat to public health. In groundwater remediation design, it is necessary to take health risk level into consideration, which should be as important as the environmental standards. This study advances a health-risk-included optimal model for groundwater remediation design under relaxed environmental standard constraints. It can simulate and optimize the groundwater remediation strategies, and help the decision makers to obtain optimal strategies from various remediation alternatives. The model is applied for a petroleum contaminated site in western Canada to simulate the Pump and Treat system.
Natural Environmentally Friendly Green Fiber - the Application of Bamboo Fiber Fabric in Design of Brand Clothing
Authors: Cui Yu Mei , Zhang Jian Hong
Published: June 2014

With the improvement of human being’s living standard, people have increasingly higher demand for health and environment. In terms of dressing, they not only focus on brand clothing, but also are concerned about the factors that are favorable to human body and environment, such as whether the garment materials of the brand are environmentally friendly, healthy and comfortable. Among them, bamboo fiber is one of the ideal materials that have numerous advantages. This article aims to analyze the application of bamboo fiber fabric in design of brand clothing.
Analysis of the Temperature Variation Pattern under Climate Change in Northwest China
Authors: Zhao Chuan Cheng , Yao Shu Xia , Ren Zhi Guo , Wang Jian
Published: June 2014

Northwestern China has an extremely complex climate due to the varied terrain and complexities of climate change where the environment is sensitive to both regional and global climate change. We applied the Mann-Kendal test to investigate trends in temperature change using annual, seasonal and monthly data recorded from 1960 to 2008. On the whole, annual, seasonal and monthly the temperature shows a widespread warming over this period. The variation in the precipitation pattern is more complex than that of the temperature. In the western region such as northern Xinjiang and western Qinghai, the precipitation has increased over the period, showing consistency with the change in temperature. Whereas in the eastern region such as eastern Gansu and southern Shanxi, the precipitation has remarkably decreased, which is opposite to the change observed in temperature.
Effects of Different Fertilization Methods on Organic Nitrogen Components in Paddy Soil
Authors: Wang Ji , Liang Yun Jiang , Fu Min Jie , Guan Ze Yu
Published: June 2014

In order to reveal characteristics of soil organic nitrogen components under long-term different fertilization methods on paddy field, selected 7 typical paddy field of Korean Autonomous Prefecture of Yanbian of Jilin Province, collected soil samples of 0 to 10 cm and 10 to 20 cm, analyzed total nitrogen content of soil and each component of organic nitrogen. Results showed that effects of different fertilization methods on content of soil total acid hydrolysable N (TAHN), amino acid N (AAN), ammonia sugar N (ASN), acid-hydrolysable unknown N (AUN) in 0 to 10 cm soil had significant influence or more, and non hydrolysable N (NHN), AAN and ASN accounted for proportion of total N (TN) had significant influence. Effects soil organic nitrogen components in 10 to 20 cm soil had not significant influence. Applying organic fertilizer was beneficial to improve soil total organic nitrogen, mainly by improving content of AAN and ASN; Long-term application inorganic fertilizer led to NHN accumulation, but applying organic fertilizer was beneficial to NHN transformation, increase content of AAN; TAHN, NHN, AN, AAN, ASN content in 0 to 10 cm soil were slightly higher than that in 10 to 20 cm soil, and content of HUN had no obvious regularity between two soil layers.
Modelling Study of the Influence of Wave Farm to Nearshore Wave Climate and Current
Authors: Fan Fei , You Wei , Zhu Zhi Xia , Dong Pei Hua
Published: June 2014

This paper studied the changes of wave height and wave driven current in Zhangjiabu sea, which was caused by the installation of wave farm, with Delft3D model. First, the changes of wave height in Zhangjiabu were computed in condition of different absorption rate. Then, the wave induced current near Jinghaijiao cape was calculated, where the change of wave height is largest. Last, 12 points in depth of 3m are used to study the changes of wave induced current velocity. The result show that the wave height and wave driven current will decrease after the wave farm installed.
Pollutants-Producing and Pollutants-Discharge Coefficients of Nitrogen and Phosphorous in Rural Domestic Sources in Taihu Lake Basin, China
Authors: Wang Wen Lin , Wan Yin Jing , Tang Xiao Yan , Liang Bin
Published: June 2014

Nine households of high, medium and low income level were selected as representative household of the Taihu Lake basin, China to study the measuring method of pollutant producing coefficient (PPC) and pollutant discharge coefficient (PDC) of rural domestic sewage and organic waste. Results showed that the income level had no significant influences on TN-/TP-PPC of rural domestic sewage but substantially affected the production and TN-/TP-PDC of domestic sewage, as well as the production and TN-/TP-PPC/PDC of organic waste, which corresponded with income such that high-income farmer households produced the most and the middle income produced lesser and the low income households produced the least amount. The utilization and treatment efficiency of toilet wastewater and the comprehensive utilization rate of organic wastes, particularly the rate of livestock were the primary influencing factors of domestic sewage and waste PDC. These factors were substantially affected by agricultural income level and septic tank type.
Rainfall Time Distribution over the Wuliangsuhai Eastern River Basin
Authors: Zhang Yu Jin , Yu Rui Hong , Hao Yun , Yang Huan
Published: June 2014

The 25 years of rainfall data in Wuliangsuhai eastern river basin from 1986 to 2010 are summarized and analyzed based on two statistical methods. The two statistical methods named moving average method and Cumulative Departure Curve are applied to make a conclusion that the rainfall in 25 years has a downward trend and the rate of change become high in new century.
Photometric Determination of Ammonia Nitrogen in Slaughterhouse Wastewater with Nessler's Reagent: Effects of Different Pretreatment Methods
Authors: Lin Yi Miao , Li Ling Yun , Hu Ji Wei , Huang Xian Fei , Zhou Chao , Jia Miao , Li Zhi Bin
Published: June 2014

The concentration of ammonia nitrogen in a slaughterhouse wastewater sample was determined using Nessler's reagent spectrophotometry with four different pretreatment approaches. Comparison of the results shows that the concentrations increased in the following order: coagulation sedimentation < boric acid absorption < filtration < acidifying filtration. Boric acid absorption method is more favorable, and standard curve method (SCM) should be considered superior to standard addition method (SAM) in the present research.
A New Method of Total Amount Control of Atmospheric Pollution Based on the Genetic Algorithm
Authors: Wu Chun , Ma Wen Xin , Chen Ya Ping , Li Ying , Chen Yan , Jing Li
Published: June 2014

In this paper, a genetic algorithm is used has been a new method of total amount control of atmospheric pollution. The global search optimization genetic algorithm with adaptive characteristics, from the point of control the concentration distribution of source density, the source intensity distribution satisfies the requirement of the root of the total amount control. The implementation of the method is: will emissions of various pollution sources in the area of coding of chromosome, genome group according to the biological evolution regularity in the evolution of the simulation environment of natural selection, after the evolution of several generations, finally to get the best the best individual represents the intensity distribution of the source. The research results show that this method is effective and feasible.
Analysis and Suggestions on Monitoring of the Population of Botrychium virginianum (L.) Sw. In Remote Parts of the Geographical Range (Based on the Examples of Pennsylvania (USA) and Kostroma Region (Russia)
Authors: Sirotina Marina Valerievna , Krinitsyn Igor Georgievich , Zontikov Dmitriy Nikolaevich , Parnikoza Ivan Yurievich
Published: June 2014

In this analysis we present the characteristics of the habitats of a species rare in Europe - Botrychium virginianum (L.) Sw., in remote parts of the geographical range on the territories of USA and Russia. The analysis confirms the possibility of the the growth of this species in naturally recovering forests, gives an update of the information about a variety of environmental conditions of growth of this species and shows its similarity in different parts of Europe. At the time of research conducted in Bethlehem this species appeared to be rare, their populations small, which is connected with the cryptic character of the populations of this species as well as with the ability of showing a wide range of polyvariety of ontogenesis. Only in one of the examined populations the age spectre is fully represented and we can see all the basic states of ontogenesis. This species is also rare on the territory of the Kostroma region while the populations are larger and contain all states of ontogenesis of sporophyte. The phenology of the species was examined. The analysis points to the vista of creation of new populations by introduction of spores in new areas and shows the necessity of monitoring in order to develop mechanisms of protection if the species.
Design of a Wireless Environment Parameter Measuring Instrument Based on Solar Energy
Authors: Wang Yi Wang , Zhang Cheng Cheng , Lu Jun , Zhong Shan
Published: June 2014

A design of novel wireless environment parameter measuring instrument based on solar energy is introduced in this paper.The measurement instrument uses solar self-powered technology,can achieve the rapid detection and display of particulate matter, light intensity, temperature, humidity,noise and other environmental parameters,and uses wireless networking and PC terminal to form a network.The measuring instrument also has a control output function,the control output can be set according to the parameters, to meet the needs of different applications. The hardware and software development of the instrument were realized.And through the experiments showed that the designed measuring instrument can quickly and accurately detect a variety of environmental parameters, full-featured, cost-effective, wide, and has broad application prospects.
Key Points of Strategic Environmental Assessment on Inland Ports – A Case Study Based on Shaoguan Port Master Planning SEA
Authors: Wu Xuan , Xiao Feng , Liu Chun Ling
Published: June 2014

With the purpose of improving the effectiveness of Strategic environmental impact assessment (SEA), the paper analyzed and discussed a case study of Shaoguan Port master planning SEA. Specific to the characteristics of inland ports and construction, the paper put forward the key points of inland ports master planning SEA, and the corresponding targeted countermeasures and suggestions to improve scientificity of the inland ports planning and to achieve sustainable development of inland ports.
Research on Monitoring and Analyzing Status of Atmospheric Mercury Pollution
Authors: Diao Chun Yan , Li Jian Feng
Published: June 2014

Through analyzing various monitoring methods and data of atmosphere mercury pollution at home and abroad, the results showed that atmosphere mercury monitoring networks of southern hemisphere were not enough perfect, atmosphere mercury monitoring data lacked representativeness, and it is more difficult to research atmosphere mercury long-term changes trend within global range. Meanwhile, it also found that There were shortcomings for atmosphere mercury pollution monitoring status in China and indicated development direction and future trend of atmosphere mercury pollution monitoring analysis.
Study of Effects of Long-Range Transport of Air Pollutants on the Atmospheric Environment
Authors: Zhang Xia , Tian Liang , Sun Xian , Jiang Chuang Ye
Published: June 2014

Based on meteorological field output by MM5 mesoscale meteorological model and concentration field output by CALPUFF air quality model, “flux method” was applied to study effects of long-range transport of air pollutants on the atmospheric environment, in which micro-element method was used to solve the process of air pollutants transport in long-range of three-dimensional space. This method was first applied in studying a construction project’s impact on air quality in Guanzhong region of Shanxi Province. The results shows that the deviation of flux method is less which the value is 16 percent, and among all year around, the pollutants transport the more flux to the ENE and WSW directions of the project compared to other directions. Additional, the flux of fall and winter is more than it of spring and summer, and the project has a more severe influence of atmospheric environment in Xi’an city than it of Weinan city.
Weihai Bay Oil Spill Predict Analysis
Authors: Ma Qiang , Lin Jian Guo , Hu Xu Ling , Li Jia Gan
Published: June 2014

To provide beneficial reference to the assessment of the ship pollution risk of Weihai bay sea area and pollution prevention ability. Adopting the "oil particle" model, the drift and diffusion process of oil spill from a certain shipyard in Weihai bay is simulated. By using Lagrange method, the oil film center movement locus and the oil film distribution at each time is visualized. By considering the effect of environmental factors on the behavior of marine oil spill in the three-dimension flow field, turbulence, wind guide, transport and wave breaking, the oil spill prediction model predicted the oil film drift path under the combined effect of the wind and currents, oil film affected range of the sea area and coast. The expert review meeting organized by maritime agencies recognized the oil spill prediction result analysis by using this oil spill model.
Study on Advanced Treatment of Alkali Dyeing Wastewater by Continuous Process of Iron Carbon Micro-Electrolysis-UASB-SBR
Authors: Liu Yong Hong , Wang Yi Bo , Fu Wei , Chen Li Cheng , Li Yao Zhong , Wang Li Na
Published: June 2014

By use of iron-carbon micro-electrolysis-UASB-SBR continuous process, treatment of an actual alkali dyeing wastewater (pH 11.50~13.50) taken from a certain factory in Xian-Yang was studied. The results indicated that: (1) When the influent COD is 1000~1600 mg·L-1, chroma 250 times, firstly effluent COD reduced to 400~800 mg·L-1 and chroma 40 times by iron-carbon micro-electrolysis process, secondly effluent COD dropped to 250~500 mg·L-1 by UASB process, finally effluent COD dropped to 70~98 mg·L-1 by a SBR with loading PVA micro-gel beads, which meet the direct emission limits of water pollutants for dyeing and finishing of textile industry (GB 4287-2012); (2) Effective combination process of iron-carbon micro-electrolysis with UASB-SBR can be obtained through HRT optimization of micro-electrolysis reaction (HRT=10), that not only meet the requirement influent pH of anaerobic reactor, but also greatly reduce the cost of alkaline in practical application of iron carbon micro-electrolysis.
Method Studying in Dealing with Lack of Information about the Large Sampling Period Data
Authors: Du Li , Chen Tao
Published: June 2014

The quantitative analysis to the real and the complex system in high precision has very important significance. The premise of quantitative analysis is to quantificat the system. But Due to the limitation of subjective and objective conditions, It is difficult for the quantification of the symtem to meet the requirements of the sampling theorem and then the quantification of large sampling period data inevitably lost a lot of system information, so that it become impossible to precision analyse the system. This paper puts forward the view that: there is the meaning of the general law of causation in the space-time whirl structure and on the basis of this theory the quantitative analysis can have higher accuracy and reliability.
The Evaluation and Concentration of Heavy Metal in Water of the Oil Spill Area in Bohai Bay (China) during the Spring
Authors: Wang Hong Wei , Yang Li Kun , Zhao Wen Bo , Zhu Na , Zhao Hai Tao , Dong Yu Jing , Cai Duan Bo
Published: June 2014

The heavy metal content of water in the oil spill area of Bohai Bay had been evaluated though the determination results, the distribution and variation difference of the heavy metal content in water had been discussed, In 2013 spring, 32 water samples had been collected in the oil spill area of Bohai Bay to measure chromium(Cr), zinc(Zn), copper(Cu), arsenic(As), cadmium(Cd), mercury(Hg) and lead(Pb) content. In surface water the heavy metal content from high to low was Cu, Zn, Cr, As, Pb, Cd, Hg, and the same as it in bottom water. Cr, As, Cd, Hg and Pb were not beyond first class value of the seawater quality standard except Zn and Cu.
A Fluoroimmunoassay Method Using Quantum Dot Labels for Detection of Melamine
Authors: Luan Chong Lin
Published: June 2014

An indirect competitive immunoassay using quantum dots (QDs) as the fluorescent label has been developed for detection of melamine in milk products. The method exhibited a response for melamine with IC50 value of 11.3 ng mL-1 and a detection limit of 0.27 ng mL-1. Milk and milk powder samples spiked with melamine have been analyzed, and the method provided recoveries ranging from 84.2% to 108.0%, and a CV of 12.8%. The implementation of QDs provides for at least 30 fold improvement of detection limit when compared with optically-based ELISA screening methods that have been reported. The analytical performance in combination with simplicity of sample and antibody preparation provides the basis for a practical method for melamine detection.
Assessing Membrane-Protein Interactions Using Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy Technique
Authors: Ran De Qin , Lu Lin Guo , Cao Li Na , Shang Yong , Zhao Wei Dian
Published: June 2014

Protein fouling has been reported to be one of the main obstacles for the membrane processes applied in water treatment, pharmaceutical industry, and biotechnology, etc. The extent and nature of membrane fouling are by the interfacial interactions between membranes and protein, however, have not been fully understood. In recent years, a Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopic method has been developed to quantify and analyze membrane fouling in various conditions and good results have been achieved. The scope of the current paper was to review literature on membrane–protein interactions using FTIR in the membrane systems. It will be conducive to further application of the membrane systems in the future.
Researching on the System of Individual Risk Evaluation Model of Heat Damage Pathogenic
Authors: Li Guo Jian , Huang Yu Qiao
Published: June 2014

With the global temperatures continue to rise, the days of hot weather were increasing, people who works in high-temperature and high-humidity environment will be injured. The heat damage will affect the person's behavior ability, decrease the staff’s working ability and cause misoperation. Comprehensive analysis of the factors of all aspects is very important for the analysis of heat damage risk to human. The analytic hierarchy process (AHP) method is used to analyze the problem in five aspects which are the physiological and psychological characteristics, work factors, work characteristics, work environment. The scores and the total score are calculated. Five classes classification method is used to establish the system of the individual risk evaluation model of heat damage pathogenic. The corresponding improvement strategies are provided to ensure the worker safety.
Surface Water Quality Assessment in Beijing (China) Using GIS-Based Mapping and Multivariate Statistical Techniques
Authors: Li Lian Fang , Zeng Xi Bai , Li Guo Xue , Mei Xu Rong
Published: June 2014

The quality of surface water is a matter of serious concern nowadays. The surface water quality in a region is mainly determined both by the natural processes (precipitation rate, weathering processes, soil erosion) and the anthropogenic influences including urban, industrial and agricultural activities and increasing exploitation of water resources [1-. Since surface water in an area is often used for drinking, industrial, agriculture, recreation or other purposes. It is necessary to assess the water quality correctly to afford timely information to the public for satisfying peoples needs of production and daily life.
Study on Dynamic Assessment and Indicator System of Ecosystem Management in Mining Area
Authors: Yan Xu Qian , Wu Chang You , Wang Guang Cheng
Published: June 2014

Based on index system of mining area ecosystem management is set on, on the basis of ecosystem health in mining area, constructs the ecological environment in mining area level, management of mineral resources, mining area economic and social development level as the criterion layer multi-level evaluation index system of index of quantitative method, combined with the change trend of volatility and changes in indicators of the direction and speed, puts forward the trend function and grey prediction method is applied to dynamic evaluation model of mining area ecosystem management, and in a certain mining area, the inspection case study conclusion shows that the mining area ecological system management is in medium level, need to strengthen management, and proposed the corresponding countermeasure and the suggestion.
A Brief View on the Reflection of Pleated Design in the Concept of Low-Carbon Clothing
Authors: Xu Xu Bing , Feng Lei
Published: June 2014

By defining the concept of low carbon clothing and summarizing the design factors, this paper analyzes the low-carbon characteristics of pleated design in the processes of design, production and wearing. In the concept of low-carbon clothing, pleated design achieves the structure design of “multiple ways of wearing one piece of clothes” and “one-piece style”. It saves the cost of clothing, satisfies people’s diverse needs for clothing, brings a fresh wearing experience to customers, advocates the concept of “green” wearing and consumption, and meets people’s spiritual demand for low-carbon culture and life.
Dynamic Changing Analysis of Regional Environmental Risk Based on Spatial Population Distribution of Different Time Scales
Authors: Li Jiao Jiao , Yu Mei Qi , Zhang Shu Shen , Ma Shu Ming , Ding Shan
Published: June 2014

The study simulates the changes of the population spatial distribution at three periods (daytime of workdays, daytime of non-workdays, and night) in 2012 in Dagushan peninsula of Dalian Development Zone on the ground of change in land use, based on the multi-temporal visual interpretation of remote sensing and GIS spatial analysis techniques. It establishes the individual risk contours and societal risk F-N curves in different periods of Dalian Qihua area according to risk prediction model, and then reveals the dynamic changing mechanism of regional environmental risk.
The Geological Environment Governance of the Coal Gangue and Coal Mining Subsidence Water Area Caused by Mining in Wangzhuang Coal Mine
Authors: Wang Wen Bo , Guo Zhen Hong , Ji Ming Nan , Xue Jun Long , Zhang Liang
Published: June 2014

Combining the governance situation of the main coal gangue heap in Shanxi LuAn group, aiming at different geographical conditions and governance effect of subsidence basin water area caused by coal gangue heap and coal mining at WangZhuang coal mine, based on the concept of ecological management in mines, the paper probes into the geological environmental engineering technology of subsidence basin water area caused by coal gangue heap and coal mining. Then the article analyzes the comprehensive benefits and puts forward to the problems existing in the comprehensive treatment engineering of coal gangue heap and the corresponding solutions.
Downriver Water Quality Predicting in River Segment with Multi-Pollution Source via ANN
Authors: Zhao Ying , Guo Liang , Wang Peng
Published: June 2014

Cutting the external waste loads can improve the water quality. The correlation analysis of discharged pollutant and water quality of the river is useful auxiliary for effective water quality management. ANN models were used to link the NH3-N concentration and emission loads and to predict downriver water quality in planned water quality functional section (WQFS) of Harbin, northeast of China. Besides conventional point and non-point pollution sources, polluted river branches were also considered as an influencing factor for downriver water quality. Downriver NH3-N concentration was predicted based on the loads and upriver water quality by ANN model. In general, it indicates that an acceptable agreement between the observations and the predictions has been achieved. All predicted results and analysis should provide useful suggestion to decision-makers for effective water quality management in the Harbin region.
A Risk-Assessment Optimal Model for Groundwater Optimization with Chance-Constrained Programming
Authors: Li Jing , Fan Xing , Zhang Jia Qi , Lu Hong Wei , He Li
Published: June 2014

This study presents an optimal groundwater remediation model of a pump-and-treat system to research best remediation strategies to support decision-makings in groundwater management. Cancarigenic risk assessment is integrated into the optimal groundwater remediation framework. Chance-constrained programming is introduced to improve reliability of risk assessment part. The model is successfully applied to a petroleum-contaminated site in real engineering. Optimization remediation strategies can be obtained to assist decision maker in groundwater remediation management.
Application of Monte Carlo Simulation in College and University Academic Warning
Authors: Dai Jiu Ru , Li Meng Yi , Li Wu Wei , Xia Tian , Zhang Zhi Gang
Published: June 2014

With the prevalence of credit system, the stipulation of “academic warning” is written into the teaching management constitution by more colleges and universities. However, the establishment of this stipulation hasn’t formed unified and scientific standards at present. This paper aims at studying the credit setting of academic warning through the method of Monte Carlo simulation, and at applying multivariate normal distribution and variance reduction techniques to calculate relatively reasonable academic warning credit line, which provides a new train of thought and a universal method for colleges and universities to set specific standards.
Determination and Analysis on Flammability Grade of Two Kinds of Household Spray Aerosols Commonly Used in China
Authors: Lv Dong , Jiang Wen Ting , Li Jin , Ren Chang Xing
Published: June 2014

Most common household spray aerosols, such as insecticide aerosols and air freshener aerosols, are often regarded as same kind of products by many users. Flammable grades of the two kinds of spray aerosols most available in China were researched based on the tests of UN Recommendations of the Transport of Dangerous Goods - Model Regulations. According to the tests, though the two aerosols are both labeled with “Flammable” marks, insecticide aerosols sold in China, mostly can be classified as “Extremely Flammable” grade, and most air freshener aerosols are “Not Flammable”. Such research is benefit to the good manage of transportation, storage and usage for these two kinds of aerosol products.
Design of Emergency Prevention System Based on GIS
Authors: Dong Cai , Chen Yan Ming
Published: June 2014

According to the emergency events characteristics and GIS functions, this paper describes the basic principle of emergency prevention system based on the GIS support in detail, and also designs platform framework and application platforms of emergency prevention system based on GIS. In this paper, a concrete example is introduced, which has a demonstration effect on emergency prevention system construction.
A Study on Acclimation and Culture of Salt Tolerant Sludge
Authors: Chen Su , Chao Lei , Chen Ning , Wang Lin Shan , Shao Xue , Sun Li Na
Published: June 2014

The inoculated sludge in this experimental system is from the end of aeration tank of the wastewater treatment plant. Under stable operation, the system’s treatments of COD and NH4+-N are all in line with Level One Urban Sewage Discharge stipulated by Pollutant Discharge Standards for Urban Sewage Treatment Plants (GB 18918-2002). The removal rates of COD and NH4+-N are 94.27% and 91.03%. By gradually improving the method of salinity acclimation, the salt tolerant sludge with outstanding performance can be successfully acclimated, and each gradual increase in salinity scope is controlled at around 4 g/L. When the salinity is 1%, the removal rates of COD and NH4+-N reach to 92.09% and 70.13%. The salinity has significant impacts on microbial activity. With the increase in salinity, the dehydrogenase activity gradually decreases. Salinity has significant effects on protozoa. Paramecia and nematodes can be taken as the biological indicator of outflow water quality of brine waste.
Application Research of Microfiltration Membrane Pilot Test in Water Treatment
Authors: Wang Min , Gao Gui Qing , Wang Xiang Lian
Published: June 2014

Lake water is used as the raw water. The water carries the following characteristics: high organic content in individual sessions, high-algae and odor in summer. At present, the conventional treatment process is unable to cope with. The application of microfiltration system in the pilot test is studied. Filter effluent and air flotation effluent are used as the microfiltration influent. Membrane flux are 80L/m2/h, 90L/m2/h, 100L/m2/h.Water quality is stable. The average turbidity is 0.1NTU. Total coliform and total bacteria in effluent are not detected. The recovery of water is greater than 96.1%.Potassium permanganate preoxidation + powder carbon dosing + conventional treatment + microfiltration membrane system can effectively solve organics, high algae and odor problems. It also can improve the coping capacity to respond mutation of the water quality.
Capture of Carbon Dioxide Using Aqueous Ammonia in a Lab-Scale Stirred-Tank Scrubber
Authors: Chen Pao Chi , Lin L.C.
Published: June 2014

A pH-stat stirred-tank scrubber for capturing carbon dioxide using aqueous ammonia was used to explore the effects of process variables on the absorption of carbon dioxide. In order to maintain the pH value of the solution, aqueous ammonia was automatically introduced into the tank through the action of a pH-controller. The process variables were the pH of the solution, gas-flow rate, gas concentration and stirring speed. The absorption rate and mass-transfer coefficient could be determined by means of mass balance at a steady-state. It was found that the liquid-flow rate was 0.50-58.33 ml/min; the removal efficiency was in the range of 30.1-100% and the loading of CO2 was in the range of 0.02425-0.5661 mol-CO2/mol-NH3. The results also showed that the absorption rate was in the range of 5.14x10-5 to 6.27x10-4 mol/s-L, while the mass-transfer coefficient was in the range of 0.015 to 0.14 1/s. The effects of mixing on the absorption rate, mass-transfer coefficient and loading of CO2 were also discussed in this work.
Analyses of Pigment and Protein in Pollen Coat of Gazania rigens L.
Authors: Guo Xiao Yu , Wu Yang Qing , Wang Wei , Zhou Xiao Hui , Lu Xiao Ping
Published: June 2014

In order to investigate the effect of pollination type on seed formation of Gazania rigens L.,gazania was chose as experimental materials, pollen coat and its components were analyzed. The results showed that, (1) there existed β-carotene on yellow pollen surface of gazania was, for it had the same Rf value as standard sample of β-carotene analyzed by plate chromatography. (2) analyzed by pollen surface protein colour spectrum -mass spectrometry, pollen surface proteins were mainly 30-50 kD.(3) by searching the NCBI protein database, 22 kinds of protein were compared and three of them were reliable. (4)these peptides with kinesin motor domain ,participate motion and spindle elongation of chromosome during mitosis. These results provide theoretical basis for affinity mechanism research of self-fertilization and cros-fertilization of Compositae plants.
Pretreatment of Lead 2, 4, 6-trinitroresorcinol Wastewater by Fe-C Internal Electrolysis Process
Authors: Liu Li Heng , Lin Yan , He Qiang
Published: June 2014

In this study, Fe/C internal electrolysis was used to pretreat the wastewater of lead 2, 4, 6-trinitroresorcinate (LTNR) production. The influences of pH, acids, reaction time and Fe/C volume ratio on COD removal were investigated. The optimum condition of iron-carbon electrolysis was determined by orthogonal experiment. And the reaction kinetics of COD removal and mechanism of contaminant removal were preliminary explored. The results showed that wastewater pH adjusted by sulfuric acid was more economical and better for COD removal. The effect of pH is the greatest. Two processes programs (pH3, Fe/C volume ratio 1.0, reaction time 24hr; pH3, Fe/C volume ratio 1.2, reaction time 18hr) are advised in project. Under the two process conditions, COD removal rates are 73.78% and 72.42%, respectively. The COD removal could be well described by pseudo-second-order kinetic model, and the reaction rate constant is 2.804×10-4 L/(mg·hr). Within the range of 0-24hr, film diffusion is the rate controlling step of the electrolysis process. The degradation process of trinitroresorcinate may be as follow: trinitroresorcinate→nitroaniline phenol or phenol aniline →nitrobenzene quinone or benzoquinone and ammonia→biodegradable or inorganics and nitrate.
Ecological Modification to Riparian Buffer Strips of Liaohe River, Northeast China
Authors: Zhang Hong Lin , Gao Xin , Sun Li Na
Published: June 2014

A section of Liaohe River in east of Shuangan bridge, Yingzhou District, Tieling City was selected as the experimental site to study ecological slope protection technique of riverbank in an agricultural catchment. Four ecological slope protection techniques, including combined biostabilization, Live stakes, Vegetation planting and Live stakes+vegetation planting were conducted. Results showed that through six and sixteen months growing, the highest shoot length and root length were observed in live stakes technology, while the lowest shoot length and root length were appeared in Vegetation planting technology. It indicated that Salix suchowensis is more suitable for the Liaohe river initially.
Determination of Phthalic Acid Ester in Dunaliella by GC-MS
Authors: Wang Lei , Tian Fu Li , Wang Hong Yu , Hu Ying Hui , Sheng Wan Li
Published: June 2014

The aim of this study was to evaluate the levels of PAEs in Dunaliella Salina algae. A determination of PAEs in Dunaliella Salina algae was discussed. After concentration, the samples were directly injected into GC-MS in positive-ion electron impact mode. The method was applied to real sample and could potentially overcome the interference from large amounts of pigment. It was shown to be a reliable method for determination of PAEs in routine analysis.
Effect of Mixed Rare Earth Elements on the Growth and Photosynthesis of Eichhornia crassipes
Authors: Wang Ci , Yu Jiang , Zu Zi Yi , Liu Jian Quan , Ho Wai Tim
Published: June 2014

The growth and photosynthesis of Eichhornia crassipes affected by mixed rare earth elements (REEs) were measured under indoor mesocosm. The results showed that appropriate concentration range of mixed REEs could promote Eichhornia crassipes absorbing nitrogen and phosphorus effectively, and improve the efficiency of light energy utilization and transformation which made photosynthesis improved, and thus it could promote plant growth, and improve contents of protein and chlorophyll; fatherly, with increase of Eichhornia crassipes breeding density, dissolved oxygen (DO) reduced but chemical oxygen demand (COD) raised (a maximum value of 16.170 mg/L) in water, which eventually led to water quality worsen. The research results demonstrate that suitable contents of mixed REEs can promote aquatic plants such as Eichhornia crassipes growing, thereby contributing a positive catalytic effect to the development process of eutrophication.
Investigation of the System Coupling Regenerative Heat Exchange and Selective Catalytic Reduction for Heat Exchange and NOx Removal
Authors: Tian Zhong Jun , Jin Shi Ping , Liang Yu Ming
Published: June 2014

In conjunction with theoretical heat exchange model, experimental investigations have been conducted for a coupled system of Selective Catalytic Reduction (SCR) and Regenerative Heat Exchange (RHE), to reduce nitrogen oxides (NOx) from coal-fired boilers and High Temperature Air Combustion (HiTAC) furnaces. Results indicate there is no effect of catalysis reactions on heat transfer; catalysts serve the function of heating elements. The outlet NO concentration periodically decreased in an almost linear fashion. NO conversion: i) rose slowly with a longer switching time; and ii) reached the peak value of temperature with a delay compared with the steady state. The coupled system requires less space and hence is a suitable option for SCR renovations in coal-fired power plants.
Desorption of Copper from Soils Enchanced by Dihydroxysuccinic Acid
Authors: Hu Xiao Jun , He Miao Miao , Li Yu Shuang , Feng Jing , Bian Qing , Chen Yan An
Published: June 2014

The contamination of copper to the environment is more and more serious.Nowadays,the sources of copper in the soil due to natural and human activity two kinds of sources, the former is derived from the rock and soil background value, while the latter is derived from the industrial “three wastes”. We can use soil washing for extracting contaminants from the contaminated soil and it is a possible remediation method. Natural organic acids seem to be hopeful environmentally friendly for removing toxic metals from soils. Batch soil-washing experiments were conducted to investigate the behavior of copper desorption from soils by dihydroxysuccinic acid.The experimental results show that the removal of copper with dihydroxysuccinic acid was highly dependented on the initial pH and the concentration of dihydroxysuccinic acid.When the pH was rapidly rising, the removal of copper declined sharply.On the contrary, copper desorption increased adding dihydroxysuccinic acid concentration. More than 80% copper was extracted from soil by 80 mmol L-1 dihydroxysuccinic acid.
Applicability from Earthworms to Live in the Soil with PAHs
Authors: Yuan Xin , Pan Sheng Wang , Ma Guo Pu , He Qiu Lin
Published: June 2014

This paper adopts a pot incubation test in greenhouse to study the enhancing applicability from earthworms (Pheretimasp.) live in the soil with PAHs.Pheretima (Pheretima sp.) had a certain level of tolerance towards PAHs polluted soils. Phenanthrene and pyrene were found to inhibit the growth of Pheretima to a certain extent. The inhibition rates were 7.09% ~ 25.19% and 6.79%~ 27.83% respectively. Furthermore, with increasing concentrations of PAHs in the soil, the inhibition effect on the growth of Pheretima became progressively stronger. In this experiment, the earthworms were found to have a certain role in promoting the degradation of phenanthrene and pyrene in the soil, but not to a significant extent, (n = 15, p> 0.05). Moreover, with the highering of the degradation ratio of pollutants, the rate of promotion of the earthworms on phenanthrene and pyrene degradation also decreased.
Effect of Fractal Dimension of Powder Activated Carbon on SO2 Adsorption
Authors: Li Bing , Xue Jian Ming , Xu Yue Yang , Wang Hong Liang , Ma Chun Yuan , Chen Jian Min
Published: June 2014

Five kinds of powder activatedcarbons were studied to investigate the removal of SO2 from flue gasin a fixed bed reactor. The fractal dimension of activated carbon was determined by N2 adsorption isothermat 77Kand SO2 adsorptioncapacity was correlated with thefractal dimension. The results show thatthe activated carbons prepared from different precursors by differentactivation methods have different fractal dimension. Big differences in SO2 adsorption capacity are found between fivekinds of activated carbons. SO2 adsorption capacity increases with the fractaldimension increasing. The results indicate that the fractal dimension could be used as a indicator of SO2removal capacity on powder activated carbon.
Model Experimental Study of SCR Reactor Flow Optimization in 1000MW Coal-Fired Boiler
Authors: Li Wen Yan , Wang Shi Yong , Wang Xiao Ming
Published: June 2014

The structure and arrangement of flue and deflector modules have significant influences on flue gas flow field and distribution of NH3 concentration in a SCR reactor. Numerical calculations about distributions of velocity, NH3 concentration and flow resistance in the deNOx reactor of a 1000MW power plant boiler with CFD have provided the optimal combination of layout scheme of guide plates. A1:15 experimental model of the reactor was constructed based on the principles of similarity theory, and cold model test was carried out with air substituting for flue gas, and CO for NH3.The consequences of model test and numerical modeling were basically similar and met the design requirements. Moreover, deposition characteristics of the experimental model was studied with fly ash from coal-fired boiler, which demonstrated that deposition was not severe under both 50% and 100% boiler full load. The model experiments indicated that the optimum program could achieve purpose of the flow field optimization.
Preliminary Study on Purification of Aquaculture Wastewater by Microbial Nano-Silica Ball
Authors: Wang Long , Shao Xiao Hou , Mao Jian Qiang , Mao Xin Yu , Yin Chao , Tang Zhong Lin , Wang Teng
Published: June 2014

To form microbial nanoball, EM active calcium was immobilized on nano-silica carrier consisting of pond sediment, zeolite powder and nanosilica. Through real-time monitoring of pH, dissolved oxygen (DO), chemical oxygen demand (COD) and ammonia nitrogen (NH4+-N) aquaculture wastewater, the purification effects of Microbial nanoSilica Ball on aquaculture wastewater under different mud-water ratio condition were studied. The results showed that the purification effect reached best in 3-6 days for all treatments and was better for mud-water ratio of 1:2.7. In this mud-water ratio, it was indicated that pH was maintained at 7-8.5 which was an optimum value for the aquaculture, the content of DO was increased by 82.16% compared with the initial value and the removal rate of COD and NH4+-N was 57.80% and 54.60% respectively.