bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Democratic Potential of Community-Based Initiatives
Authors: Visscher Kors , Hurenkamp Menno , Tonkens Evelien
Published: July 2023

The Democratic Potential of Community-Based Initiatives

As governments in Western Europe have retreated from providing public services over the past decades, they have stimulated communities to take over many of these services. This has resulted in, among other things, a plethora of community-based initiatives (CBIs). CBIs are heralded by some for their innovative potential: they would address new problems. CBIs are also criticised for being undemocratic, as their activities can marginalise or overrule elected politicians and the citizens active in CBIs are not representative of the population. We argue that these different praises and criticisms implicitly depart from different democratic perspectives, specifically the representative and do-democratic perspectives. These different perspectives need to be explicated and compared in order to judge in what ways CBIs can and cannot be said to have democratic legitimacy, when assessed from different perspectives on democracy.
The Ideological Drivers Behind the Support for the Use of Direct Democracy among Voters and Parties of Benelux Countries
Authors: Paulis Emilien , Rangoni Sacha
Published: July 2023

The Ideological Drivers Behind the Support for the Use of Direct Democracy among Voters and Parties of Benelux Countries

The use of referendums has gained popularity among both voters and parties. Yet, despite the diffusion of such direct forms of democracy during the last decades in Europe, referendums remain not a very common policy instrument in Benelux countries (Belgium, the Netherlands and Luxembourg). We establish that this trend could be explained by a large consensus among mainstream (especially right) parties and voters against the use of direct democracy. Moreover, we confirmed the well-established demarcation with radical ideologies, which convey overall more support and congruence on the use of referendums than the mainstream. Additionally, and probably reflecting this new line of cleavage, we show that support for referendums among the voters relate to left-wing economic position, but also with culturally right-wing view. Overall, this article questions the relevance of the traditional left-right divide to explain support for direct democracy, as well as the capacity for (some) parties to align with their voters in terms of democratic demands.
Cardiopatía isquémica
Authors: López de la Iglesia Jaime , Pérez Vázquez Carlos , Montoro Gómez Marina
Published: July 2023

Ante un paciente con dolor torácico se debe descartar un SCA y un SCC. Valorar si tiene características de angina típica o atípica y sobre todo de estabilidad. Con sospecha de AE se derivará a cardiología preferente para diagnóstico/pronóstico de CI con tratamiento y actuación ante síntomas de alarma. Una AI, se considera un SCASEST. El objetivo del tratamiento en la angina es reducir los síntomas con BB o BCC y prevenir eventos con AAS y el control de los FRCV. Solo en casos concretos, se revascula­rizará. En un SCACEST el objetivo es la reperfusión inmediata (< 120 minutos). Tras un SCA se debe realizar doble antiagregación 12 meses, tomar un BB (al menos el primer año) y casi siempre un IECA. Con CI se deben controlar los FRCV, modificar el estilo de vida, tomar estatina con o sin ezetimiba y en diabéticos usar metformina con iSGLT2 o AGLP-1.
Symptoms and conditions of contact with drugs among charges of probation centres
Authors: Twardowska Mariola
Published: July 2023

The article is a description of the symptoms and conditions of contact with drugs among charges of probation centres. So far, the literature on the subject has lacked research in this area, and it is undoubtedly a complex and complicated problem that requires a multilateral scientifi c approach, which may prove useful in supporting social rehabilitation, preventive and therapeutic activities. The aim of the study is to analyse the symptoms and conditions of contact with drugs among charges of probation centres. The study involved 31 charges from two probation centres: in Janw Lubelski and No. 2 in widnik. The study used the diagnostic survey method and the survey technique. The tool was an original questionnaire on the symptoms, conditions, eff ects and ways of preventing drug initiation of the examined charges. The obtained results indicate the main reasons of drug initiation among the examined accused youth.
MENGGALI MAKNA PERAYAAN REBA BAGI KEHIDUPAN IMAN UMAT DI LINGKUNGAN GURUSINA
Authors: Maria Arianti Bate
Published: July 2023

Penelitian ini berjudul “Menggali Makna Perayaan Reba Bagi Kehidupan Iman Umat Di Lingkungan Gurusina”. Tulisan ini lahir dari pengalaman dan refleksi penulis atas fenomena kehidupan umat yang kental dengan kebudayaan lokal masing-masing, serta penghayatannya terhadap kehidupan beriman sebagai umat katolik dewasa ini. Oleh karena itu penelitian ini dimaksudkan untuk membantu meningkatkan pemahaman dan kesadaran umat agar semakin lebih terbuka dan terlibat aktif, serata sungguh-sungguh menghayati makna dan nilai yang terkandung dalam setiap kebudayaan lokal yang diwarisi sehingga dapat membantu dirinya secara pribadi dan umat lain secara kolektif dalam membangun dan meningkatkan kehidupan imannya di tengah kehidupan bersama. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif kualitatif dengan menggunakan pendekatan sosiologi. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan teknik wawancara dan dokumentasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa Reba memiliki dua makna yakni makna historis dan persaudaraan serta beberapa nilai-nilai yang menjadi pedoman hidup umat lingkungan Gurusina. Makna Reba bagi kehidupan iman umat memiliki dampak atau pengaruh terhadap kehidupan umat dalam berbagai aspek baik itu rohani, maupun sosial masyarakat.
TANGGUNG JAWAB ORANG TUA DALAM PEMBENTUKAN KARAKTER ANAK MELALUI DOA BERSAMA DI KELUARGA KATOLIK
Authors: Anastasia Non Ratny Dola Maran
Published: July 2023

Masalah dalam penelitian ini adalah bagaimana tanggung jawab orang tua dalam pembentukan karakter anak melalui doa bersama di keluarga Katolik di Stasi Gembala Baik Waiklibang. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui sejauh mana  pembentukan karakter anak melalui doa bersama dalam keluarga di Stasi Gembala Baik Waiklibang. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan adalah penelitian deskriptif dengan pendekatan kualitatif. Subjek dalam penelitian ini berjumlah 6 kepala  keluarga. Lokasi penelitian dilaksanakan di Stasi Gembala Baik Waiklibang Keuskupan Larantuka. Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan observasi dan wawancara.  Analisis data dalam penelitian ini dilakukan melalui tahap yakni reduksi data, penyajian dan penarikan kesimpulan. Hasil dalam penelitian mengatakan bahwa di Stasi Gembala Baik Waiklibang, karakter anak belum begitu nampak oleh karena itu orang tua harus menanamkan kesadaran dalam diri anak melalui doa bersama dalam keluarga Katolik.
MENINGKATKAN HASIL BELAJAR PAK DENGAN METODE KOOPERATIF MODEL JIGSAW PADA SISWA KELAS Xl SMAN 1 WULANDONI
Authors: Yosep Doni Gokok  , Yosep Belen Keban
Published: July 2023

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan hasil belajar peserta didik kelas Xl di SMA Negeri 1 Wulandoni melalui metode pembelajaran kooperatif tipe jigsaw. Jenis penelitian ini adalah Penelitian Tindakan Kelas (PTK). PTK adalah penelitian yang dilakukan oleh guru yang bertujuan untuk memperbaiki mutu atau meningkatkan hasil belajar siswa. Lokasi penelitian di SMA Negeri 1 Wulandoni, Desa Wulandoni, Kecamatan Wulandoni, Kabupaten Lembata-NTT. Subyek penelitian ini adalah peserta didik kelas Xl SOS berjumlah 26 siswa dan guru sebagai peneliti atau pengamat. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan pada bulan September 2022. Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan adalah observasi, tes dan wawancara. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan Pada siklus I, aktivitas guru mendapat nilai rata-rata 3,64 dengan kategori sangat baik (A), aktivitas siswa mendapat nilai rata-rata 3,05 dengan kategori baik (B). Kemudian siklus II, aktivitas guru memperoleh nilai rata-rata 4,00 dengan kategori sangat baik (A) sedangkan aktivitas siswa memperoleh nilai rata-rata 4,00 dengan kategori sangat baik (A). Hasil belajar siswa pada siklus I memperoleh nilai ketuntasan 53,85% dengan nilai tidak tuntas 46,15 %. Sedangkan hasil belajar siswa pada siklus II memperoleh nilai ketuntasan 100%. Dengan demikian dapat disimpulkan bahwa ada peningkatan hasil belajar siswa dengan menerapkan metode pembelajaran kooperatif model Jigsaw pada peserta didik kelas XI SMAN 1 Wulandoni.
Bamboo circulation in Satoyama and Satoumi: Japan's hilly and coastal areas
Authors: Kiyoshi Saijo
Published: July 2023

Bamboo circulation in Satoyama and Satoumi: Japan's hilly and coastal areas

Professor Saijo Kiyoshi at the Miyagi University of Education explains the work behind the bamboo circulation project of 2020, focusing on bamboo growth and utilization in Satoyama and Satoumi. Bamboo has been traditionally utilized for rural life in Satoyamna (hilly area) as materials, food ingredients, religious tools, festivals, toys etc., and bamboo forests has been an important component of Satoyama landscape. Places of bamboo utilization, however, are not only limited in Satoyama but also in Satoumi (coastal fishing villages) in Japan surrounded by the sea on
all sides. This article introduces bamboo utilization in oyster farming, relevant problems, and just started the project for bamboo circulation in Matsushima Bay of northeast Japan (Fig. 1) which has heavily damaged by the tsunami disaster in the 2011 East Japan Earthquake.
The toxicological implications of e-waste
Authors: Lein Pamela , Bruun Donald A
Published: July 2023

The toxicological implications of e-waste

Here, Donald A. Bruun and Pamela J. Lein discuss the toxicological implications of e-waste and how to address this global problem. The planet’s increasing thirst for technology comes at a significant cost: the global problem of electronic waste or e-waste. E-waste is any product containing electronic components that has reached the end of its usable life cycle. In 2019, the world discarded an estimated 53.6 million tonnes of e-waste, a volume expected to double in the next 15 years. The United Nations estimates less than 17.4% of e-waste is recycled, so most ends up in landfills. Unbeknownst to many consumers, electronics contain over 1,000 chemicals considered hazardous to human health, and the consequences of improper e-waste disposal pose serious threats to human health and the stability of ecosystems.
Why do we always care about the welfare of laboratory animals?
Authors: Kim KilSoo , Jo Woori , Lee Gwang-Hoon
Published: July 2023

Why do we always care about the welfare of laboratory animals?

Seasoned experts from the Daegu-Gyeongbuk Medical Innovation Foundation (K-MEDI hub) in South Korea share their research perspectives on the welfare of laboratory animals, including the issue of veterinary care. Awareness of animal ethics is changing and rising worldwide, and the concept of animal welfare importance is spreading rapidly. Generally, animal welfare involves not hurting, harassing or recklessly killing animals. In addition, animal welfare involves inducing positive changes in humans and animals, both physically and emotionally. Based on the research and discussion of Ruth Harrison’s claim in 1965, Britain began establishing various animal welfare measures. Subsequently, public opinion on animal welfare has spread widely across Europe.
Productivity of high-oleic sunflower when grown in the conditions of the Southern Steppe of Ukraine
Authors: Kachanova Tetiana , Manushkina Tetiana , Petrova Olena , Shevchuk Natalia
Published: July 2023

In modern agricultural systems, the basis of cultivation technology and an important factor determining the yield and quality of high-oleic sunflower seeds is regulation of mineral fertilizer rates. Therefore, the determination of their influence on the productivity of the culture determines the relevance of the conducted research. The purpose of the study is to determine the optimal rates of mineral fertilizer application to increase the yield of high-oleic sunflower hybrids in non-irrigated conditions of the Southern Steppe of Ukraine. To achieve the goal, a field study was conducted in the fields of the Mykolaiv State Agricultural Research Station of the Institute of Irrigated Agriculture of the National Academy of Agrarian Sciences of Ukraine. The subjects of the study are high-oleic sunflower hybrids Kadet, Hektor and Oplot, the originator of which is the V.Ya. Institute of Plant Breeding. Yuryev of the National Academy of Agrarian Sciences of Ukraine. As a result of the study, it was found that when applying N90P90K60, the Kadet hybrid formed the largest diameter of the basket - 19.5 cm, under the same feeding conditions, the diameter of the basket in the Hektor and Oplot hybrids was 14.3 cm and 16.4 cm, respectively. The largest mass of 1000 seeds for the level of N90P90K60 fertilization was established in the hybrid Cadet – 59.8 g, and at the level of fertilization N30P40K30 the lowest mass of 1000 seeds – 41.7 g was formed in the hybrid Hector. In addition, in the high-oleic sunflower hybrid Kadet, the content of crude fat in seeds and oleic acid in oil was the highest compared to other hybrids in all variants of fertilization. The application of mineral fertilizers also affected the yield of high-oleic sunflower, so the yield of the Kadet hybrid was 24.1% higher with the application of N90P90K60, compared to the variant of application of N30P40K30, and the yield of the Hektor and Oplot hybrids was 33.3% and 28%, respectively, which makes it possible to state that the level provision of mineral fertilizers helps to increase crop productivity. The obtained results provide an opportunity to improve the technology of growing high-oleic sunflower under conditions of insufficient moisture, and the perspective of further research may be to study the effect of increased norms of each individual macroelement or their joint effect on the productivity and quality of the high-oleic sunflower crop
Cumplimiento de la Ordenanza 0041 sobre violencia de género del cantón Loja
Authors: Vera Vega Nadia Maitee , Aguirre Mendoza Johvana Ermila , Carrión Berrú Celsa Beatriz , Reyes Masa Betti del Cisne
Published: July 2023

El presente artículo tiene como propósito diagnosticar el cumplimiento de la ordenanza 0041 sobre la violencia de género en el cantón Loja. La investigación se desarrolló mediante un enfoque cualitativo, desde un diseño no experimental, y como una investigación de tipo exploratoria y descriptiva. Se utilizaron cuatro técnicas, entre ellas tenemos: la entrevista semi estructurada con preguntas de carácter abierto aplicada a los delegados de las instituciones encargadas de velar los derechos de las personas y aplicar la ordenanza 0041; el análisis DAFO (debilidades, amenazas, fortalezas y oportunidades); el modelo NATO (modalidad, autoridad, tesoro u organización), y el diagrama de Ishikawa con el propósito de cumplir los objetivos específicos planteados como es el diagnóstico situacional de la implementación de la ordenanza y la elaboración de estrategias que fomenten una aplicación eficaz de la misma. Logrando así verificar el nivel de cumplimiento de la normativa local en estudio y con las deficiencias encontradas en su ejecución definir acciones para solucionarlas y garantizar su cumplimiento.
La Inteligencia Artificial, neuroeducación y su aportación en la transformación del e-learning
Authors: Chávez Solís María Elena , Labrada Martínez Esther , Alatristre Martínez Yadira , Álvarez Martínez Rosa Elena , Carbajal Degante Erik
Published: July 2023

La pandemia de la COVID-19 y el distanciamiento social reorganizó todas las actividades, acelerando la transformación digital y reorganizando a la sociedad mediante el uso de la tecnología para la continuidad de nuestras tareas.  El hogar se convirtió en el centro del desarrollo de todas las actividades, situación que repercutió en el aprovechamiento de los estudiantes; además la transferencia de la educación presencial a la modalidad en línea aceleró el uso de la tecnología; convirtiendo al e-learning en el principal recurso para el aprendizaje.  Se indagó a través del método de investigación cualitativo bajo el análisis del ecosistema del e-learning, a partir del estudio de 5 instituciones educativas de nivel superior en la modalidad e-learning durante el ciclo escolar 2020-2021 con sede en la Ciudad de México, con el objetivo de identificar los factores que influyeron en el aprendizaje.  Posteriormente, se realizó un análisis de las aportaciones que ha dado la Inteligencia Artificial y la neuroeducación; siendo que estos saberes fueron integrados en una propuesta basada en un modelo de Inteligencia Artificial, para lograr la eficacia en el ecosistema del e-learning.  La investigación dio a conocer los resultados obtenidos a través de la evaluación del ecosistema del e-learning y propuso un sistema inteligente de e-learning basado en la neuroeducación y el análisis de sentimientos para fortalecer el aprendizaje de los estudiantes de nivel superior mediante el uso de e-learning.
Türkiye’de Covid-19 Öncesi ve Sonrası Döviz Kuru ile Borsa Arasındaki Nedensellik İlişkisi
Authors: BEKAROĞLU Can , ŞEN Muhammed Talha
Published: July 2023

Bu çalışmada, Türkiye’de döviz kurları ile hisse senedi piyasaları arasındaki nedensellik ilişkisi ve COVID-19 gibi olağandışı durumların bu ilişki dinamikleri üzerindeki etkisi araştırılmaktadır. Döviz olarak Dolar ve Euro kurları ile, Bist100, Hizmet, Sanayi, Mali ve Teknoloji sektör endekslerinin Türkiye Cumhuriyet Merkez Bankası (TCMB)’den temin edilen 2019:01-2020:12 dönemindeki haftalık verilerinden hesaplanan logaritmik getiri oranı serileri kullanılmıştır. İlk olarak Chov Testiyle yapısal kırılmanın varlığı tespit edilerek 27.03.2020 öncesi ve sonrası dönemin yapısal olarak birbirinden farklı olduğu sonucuna ulaşılmıştır. Bunun üzerine, COVID -19 pandemisi sonrası dönemi temsilen bir kukla da dahil edilerek yapılan regresyon analizinde, Dolar ve Euro ile borsa endeksleri arasında negatif bir ilişki olduğu, COVID-19 değişkeninin ise borsa endeksleri üzerinde anlamlı fakat küçük pozitif bir etkiye sahip olduğu sonucuna ulaşılmıştır. Granger nedensellik testi ise, COVID-19 öncesi dönemde, yalnızca borsa endekslerinden döviz kurlarına doğru bir nedensellik ilişkisi bulurken, COVID-19 sonrası dönemde, Dolar’dan Bist100 ve Mali sektör endeksine doğru bir nedenselliğin ortaya çıktığı sonucuna ulaşmıştır. Kısacası COVID-19 gibi olağanüstü dönemlerde ortaya çıkan ekonomik etkilerden dolayı nedenselliğin yönünün kısmen de olsa değiştiğini ve döviz kurlarındaki değişimlerin hisse senedi getirilerindeki değişimlerin nedeni haline geldiğini göstermektedir.
REMOVAL OF HEAVY METALS FROM LANDFILL LEACH WATER USING
PYROPHYLLITE AS ADSORBENT
Authors: Kustura Jasmina , Halilhodžić Belma , Kurtanović Enita , Čizmić Amra , Kozlo Kenan , Teletović Adnan , Hodžić Atif , Harbinja Muhamed
Published: July 2023

Leachate water from sanitary landfills represents one of the most complex global environmental problems. This paper examines the possibility of using aluminosilicate material, pyrophyllite, from the Parsovići deposit, as an adsorbent. It was researched the influence of two granulations of pyrophyllite (0-53 μm and 0-100 μm) on the degree of adsorption of heavy metals (Fe, Ni, Mn) from leachate water from the municipal landfill "Desetine", Tuzla. The adsorption experiment was performed using the Batch method, depending on the contact time between the adsorbent and the adsorbate, the mixing speed, and the mass of the adsorbent, pyrophyllite, through two treatments. The results indicate a higher efficiency of the finer fraction of pyrophyllite, and in the competition of the three examined metals, iron is completely removed in the first treatment with both granulations and then nickel with finer granulation and manganese with coarser. After the first treatment, the unpleasant smell was removed, which is certainly a consequence of the removal of ammonia compounds as the most abundant compounds in leachate water. In these pioneering researches, pyrophyllite proved to be effective, and at the same time, it is a cheap, easily available, and environmentally friendly material for leachate water purification.
EFFECT OF ADDITION OF WET-STRENGTH AGENT ON TENSILE STRENGTH OF PAPER
Authors: Husić Edina , Botonjić Šefkija
Published: July 2023

Wet-strength paper production is of great significance due to its prominent importance in everyday consumer activities. Recently, market demands for paper with specific properties and purposes are increasing. Production of these paper types is very challenging for the manufacturer since they have to meet very specific demands. Wet-strength paper products include bags that come in contact with moisture and wet products, hygienic and kitchen towels, paper towels, packaging products (packages for liquids, aseptic dishes, and a variety of packaging for food), and other special purposes items (tea bags, coffee filters, paper money, etc.) Throughout this research, the focus was on the effects a wetstrength agent has on the tensile strength of paper. The wet strength property of paper is the ratio between the strength of paper in the wet and dry state. The strength in the dry state comes from the hydrogen bonds present in natural cellulose, while the strength of paper in the wet state requires waterproof (covalent) bonds created by the use of a wet strength agent. The wet strength agent used is a cationic PAE resin. The aim of the work is to determine the optimal amount of agent needed in relation to the required value of the tensile strength property of the paper. The investigation of these influences was carried out on Semi Extensible Standard Kraft type of paper in Natron-Hayat.
A Review of Posterior Capsular Opacification
Authors: Singh Bhangra Jasraj
Published: July 2023

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dentification and prioritization of sites with overwintering cyanobacteria to inform preventative management of harmful algal blooms
Authors: Calomeni Alyssa
Published: July 2023

Cyanobacteria causing harmful algal blooms (HABs) can overwinter in sediments as quiescent cells (akinetes or vegetative colonies) and contribute to bloom resurgences. Targeting overwintering cells in sediments for preventative management may provide a viable approach to delay onset and mitigate blooms. However, there are limited resources for this novel strategy. Given the growing global impact of HABs, the ability to identify and prioritize sites that are inﬂuenced by overwintering cells will be a critical step for preventative management. Therefore, the overall objective of this study was to identify and illustrate relevant data to support identiﬁcation and prioritization of sites that contain overwintering cells with the potential to form HABs. To achieve this, sediment samples were collected from three HAB-affected reservoirs (Marion Reservoir, KS; Fort Gibson Lake, OK, and Heyburn Lake, OK) as pertinent examples. Cyanobacteria enumeration and growth potential data from incubation studies were assembled for prioriti-zation. Overwintering cells were present in all HAB-affected reservoirs, with 85% of sites (n ¼ 13) containing overwin-tering cells in sediments and 54% of sites (n ¼ 13) with a planktonic growth potential producing problematic cell densities (. 100,000 cells ml􀀁1). On the basis of the weight of evidence, Marion Reservoir, followed by Fort Gibson, and last, Heyburn Lake, have the greatest potential for over-wintering cells to contribute to HABs. These data indicate that a monitoring approach should consider at least two lines of evidence: 1) presence and density of overwintering cyanobacteria and 2) growth potential as informed by laboratory incubation studies to predict growth risk and prioritize locations for preventative management.
Haftungsrisiken der produktbezogenen Täuschung im Wirtschaftsstrafrecht
Authors: Kollotschek Anna Sophia
Published: July 2023

The so-called Dieselgate shaped the foundation for this general research on risks of product-related deception in criminal business law. The focus lies on the possibilities of committing a crime (esp. greenwashing), but is accompanied by a practical approach on compliance. The results are applicable to all cases in which: (1.) a product is advertised and distributed to a consumer, (2.) governmental technical specifications exist, (3.) a permit, approval, or classification from an authority must be obtained.
Useful Block Designs in Biostatistics
Authors: Rob Verdooren L. , Rasch Dieter
Published: July 2023

Randomized Complete Block Designs (RCBD), Balanced Incomplete Block Designs (BIBD) and the so-called Generalized Lattice Designs as Alpha Designs are useful designs in Biostatistics. A complete table of BIBDs with the smallest number b of blocks with at most v = 25 treatments and block sizes k for 2<k≤v2 is presented. Such a table did not exist until now. The analysis of the different block designs (Randomized Complete Block design, BIBDs and Alpha Design) is here not done with the commercial statistical packages SAS or SPSS. These packages can now only be hired for a year and are quite expensive. We used the package of R for the analysis, which is free of charge and it is now used in most Universities.
The Multiple Trajectory Anchoring Technique for Lumbar Sacral Fusion: An Alternative Solution for Spinal Fixation
Authors: Liu Yuzeng , Hai Yong , Ding Hongtao , Zhao Mingzheng
Published: July 2023

Cortical bone trajectory (CBT) screw was firstly utilized by Santoni in 2009, which had been proved to have stronger hold force, especially in the osteoporosis vertebrae compared with the pedicle screw (PS). In this study, we developed a technique combining pedicle screw, cortical bone trajectory screw, and sacral alar screw, which was named as multiple trajectory anchoring (MTA) technique for patients who underwent lumbar-sacral fusion. The technique comes with the following improvements and advantages. First, the satellite rods are fixed with the additional screws which makes the tension more dispersed and avoids stress concentration. Second, the interaction between the multi-trajectory screws anchoring on one vertebra makes the screws stronger and reduce the risk of screw loosening. Third, the MTA screw can provide better stability for the anterior column. Forth, the MTA fixation can not only strengthen the construct, but also provide additional correction force. In this chapter, we aimed to introduce an original lumbar-sacral strengthening technique, multiple trajectory anchoring(MTA), for lumbar-sacral fusion. It is a safe and effective means to strengthen lumbar-sacral internal fixation as well as provide additional correction force for patients with lumbar-sacral degeneration, deformity and tumor. More importantly, it provides an alternative solution for pelvic fixation.
Samples used in molecular autopsy: an update
Authors: Grassi Simone , Martínez-Barrios Estefanía , Cazzato Francesca , Cesar Sergio , Luisa Ortega-Sánchez María , Barberia Eneko , Arbelo Elena , Oliva Antonio , Sarquella-Brugada Georgia , Campuzano Oscar
Published: July 2023

Molecular autopsy makes it possible to identify the genetic alteration responsible for an inherited arrhythmogenic disease, main suspected cause of sudden death in cases that remain unexplained after a complete medico-legal autopsy. By using next-generation sequencing technology, a massive genetic study can be carried out that identifies a rare variant classified as potentially pathogenic in up to 25% of sudden death cases in the young population. To carry out a post-mortem genetic study, it is necessary to have samples in suitable conservation conditions. Our chapter focuses on the type of samples that are used today in massively parallel genetic analyses.
Photovoltaic and Photothermal Solar Cell Design Principles: Efficiency/Bandwidth Enhancement and Material Selection
Authors: Hayati Raad Shiva , Atlasbaf Zahra
Published: July 2023

There are two main approaches for developing solar cells, including photovoltaic and photothermal technologies. Photovoltaic solar cells benefit from an active region whose performance can be improved by embedding nanoparticles with different shapes and materials. Photothermal solar cells are broadband absorbers, enabling electromagnetic energy absorption in the solar radiation region. Since the solar spectrum is expanded from 120 to 1000 THz, the device bandwidth engineering and its efficiency enhancement through utilizing nanoparticles, multiresonance configurations, and multilayered structures are necessary. Moreover, using chemically inert materials with high thermal conductivities results in stable performance under different environmental conditions. Thus, in this chapter, various photovoltaic and photothermal solar cells will be discussed, emphasizing their design principles. The chapter mainly considers absorption bandwidth enlargement, absorption efficiency enhancement, and material selection considerations. In this regard, solar cells designed with plasmonic materials, transition metals, refractory metals, and carbon materials are presented. Notably, the potential of two-dimensional graphene material in the solar cell design is revealed, and a lightweight graphene-based solar cell with near-perfect coverage of the whole solar spectrum is introduced.
Adapted Physical Activity and Ataxia
Authors: Asonitou Katerina , Koutsouki Dimitra
Published: July 2023

Ataxia affects the neurological system by impairing balance and motor coordination, which results in significant sensorimotor impairment in both children and adults. Physical activity (PA) has been linked to changes in the structure and functionality of the brain as well as effects on brain plasticity, according to numerous experimental and clinical studies. PA can help with concerns with standing and walking, fine and gross motor function regulation, and muscular tone. This chapter discusses the effects of various training programs on people with ataxia. Exercises that target balance, coordination, and muscular strength include: a) physical activity; b) treadmill training; c) locomotor training on a treadmill; d) trunk stabilization training; e) overground walking for balance; f) intensive exercises; and g) body-controlled videogames (exergames) played at home. Exercise and physical activity must be done frequently to maintain health, wellbeing, and quality of life. The duration and severity of the disease have an impact on how well adapted physical activity works.
Breakfast Eating in Elementary School Students in Jiroft, Iran: An Application of Transtheoretical Model
Authors: Hassani Laleh , Pournarani Reza , Aghamolaei Teamur , Mohseni Shokrollah , Narimani Sajjad
Published: July 2023

Background: Breakfast is a very important meal. It can either make or break your day, and it can be a daunting task. Objectives: We used the transtheoretical model (TTM) to assess the trend of breakfast eating among elementary school students in Jiroft city, Iran. Methods: In this descriptive‑analytic research, 290 elementary school students in Jiroft city were selected using stratified sampling. Data were collected using a questionnaire to assess breakfast eating trends according to TTM. The data were analyzed using SPSS version 16. Results: Approximately 9.3% of the participants were in the precontemplation stage, 21.7% in the contemplation stage, 7.2% in the action stage, 53.4% in the preparation stage, and 8.3% in the maintenance stage. There was a significant relationship between TTM constructs and stages of change in breakfast consumption 2 or more times a week. Moving from the precontemplation stage to the maintenance stage was associated with an increase in decisional balance, processes of change, and self‑efficacy (P < 0.05). Conclusions: It is suggested to emphasize the importance of perceived benefits and greater self-efficacy in the design of educational interventions based on this model, increase the use of change processes, and decrease the perceived barriers as much as possible to establish correct behaviors.
Effects of Hirudotherapy in Alloxan-induced Diabetic Male Rats: Histopathological and Biochemical Changes
Authors: Namjou Abdolrasoul , Razavie Ebrahim , Heidarian Esfandiar , Yazdani Nasser , Rafieian-Kopaei Mahmoud
Published: July 2023

Background: Hirudotherapy is very common in traditional Iranian medicine for treating various diseases, including hyperglycemia. However, there is no scientific research to evaluate its effect on diabetes mellitus and the possible side effects. Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate the biochemical and histopathological changes in healthy and diabetic male rats treated with leeches. Methods: This experimental study was performed on 28 male Albino Wistar rats randomly divided into control, diabetic, and two treatment groups (control and diabetic rats treated with Hirudo medicinalis). Hirudotherapy was done in 3 to 5 minutes every 5 days for 28 consecutive days. At the end of the study, blood glucose, biochemical activity of the liver, kidney, and serum lipid enzymes were evaluated by enzymatic methods. Pathological changes in liver, kidney, and pancreas tissues were studied in the experimental groups. Results: The levels of blood glucose, aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), creatinine (Cr), urea, and phosphorus significantly increased in diabetic rats treated with leeches compared to the control group (P
The Effect of Home-Based Education on the Occurrence of Urinary Tract Infections in Patients with Traumatic Brain Injury Discharged from the Hospital
Authors: Askari Hasan , Sarabandi Shahrzad , Faghihi Hamed , Arbab Ali
Published: July 2023

Background: Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are common in patients with traumatic brain injury (TBI) due to their inability to take care of themselves. Thus, families have a main role in caring for these patients. Objectives: This study sought to examine the effects of home-based education on the incidence of UTIs and bedsores in patients with TBI discharged from the hospital. Methods: This quasi-experimental study was conducted on 50 patients with TBI admitted to Khatam Al-Anbia Hospital in Zahedan in 2022 and their caregivers. The participants were selected through convenience sampling among those meeting our inclusion criteria and randomly divided into the intervention and control groups. Caregivers in the intervention group received face-to-face home-based training on the second and fifth days after discharge (i.e., two 45-minute sessions). The participants in the intervention group also received educational pamphlets and videos in the patient’s living environment. The participants in the control group received routine care. After four weeks, urine samples from the patients in the two groups were cultured, and the growth of organisms and the number of colonies were determined. If the number of colonies was 105 per mL or more, the test was considered positive, confirming the presence of UTI. The data were analyzed by SPSS 21 software using appropriate statistical tests at a significance level of less than 0.05 (P < 0.05). Results: The results showed that 28% and 64% of the patients in the intervention and control groups were positive for UTIs, respectively. The result of the Chi-square test indicated a statistically significant difference between the two groups in terms of the incidence of UTIs (P = 0.01). Conclusions: Home-based education for traumatic brain injury patients and their caregivers can be effective in reducing the incidence of UTIs after discharge from the hospital and should be incorporated into nursing care programs at the time of the patient’s discharge.
Zur historischen Verortung der raizischen Vernakularsprache in Tököl (Ungarn)
Authors: Henzelmann Martin
Published: July 2023

Tököl ist eine Kleinstadt, die sich am südwestlichen Rand der ungarischen Hauptstadt Budapest befindet. Hier leben (neben der ungarischen Bevölkerungsmehrheit und anderen Ethnien) wie in zahlreichen Orten rund um Budapest die Raizen. Bei ihnen handelt es sich um eine kleine Gruppe von Katholiken, die aus unterschiedlichen südosteuropäischen Regionen (insbesondere aus Bosnien und Herzegowina) in ihr heutiges Siedlungsgebiet eingewandert ist und deren Sprache sich dem štokavischen Kontinuum zuordnen lässt. Oftmals werden sie deshalb und aufgrund ihrer katholischen Konfession sowie ihrer Bräuche als kroatische Subethnie beschrieben, sie selbst positionieren sich aber unterschiedlich zu Fragen der ethnischen Identität und der eigenen Sprache. Gegenstand der vorliegenden Untersuchung ist es, ausgewählte schriftliche Zeugnisse aus Tököl vorzustellen. Sie zeigen, in welcher Form und wo dort eine lokale südslavische Varietät in Schriftform verwendet wurde. Als Beispiele dienen die Inschriften auf Grabmälern, Denkmäler im öffentlichen Raum sowie die Privatkorrespondenz.
“KAIROS OF Biblical Geo-politics for the New Life of the Minjung in the 21st Century”
Authors:   The Korean Society of Minjung Theology, Kim Yong-Bock
Published: July 2023

Theologically speaking, it is in this situation that we begin to sense the imminence of the KAIROTIC GEO-POLITICS. We begin with the Biblical geo-politics of God’s Reign, which would manifest itself in the geo-politics of globalization. In the Bible there are two distinct geo-political configurations: One is the imperial and royal geo-politics, and the other is that of the Reign of God. The latter we call the Kairotic geo-politics. The Kairotic geo-politics makes radical interventions for the new life in the OIKOS (household) of God. The OIKOS is the abode of the life, created by God. The geo-politics of the Egyptian, Babylonian, Assyrian, Greek and Roman imperial powers were subverted by the Kairotic geo-politics of the Messianic Reign of the new heaven and new earth in which the new and eternal life is celebrated in the new city (new Jerusalem) and in the New Garden (Rev.21 & 22). The creation of the cosmos and therein the life in the Garden is the original Kairotic act of God to overcome the forces and powers of darkness and chaos that cause to destroy the order of creation, the is, the order for the life. Christ is the decisive power of the new and eternal life. Christ has overcome the power of death to realize the Resurrection of the life. This is the Messianic Kairos. The Spirit is the ever-present power of life that renews the life and gives the power for new life in the universe and in all dimensions. The Messianic geo-politics of cosmic OIKOS in which the new and eternal full) life in the New City under the New Heaven and New Earth is celebrated is the paradigm to overcome the geo-politics that gives the power and basis to overcome the powers of death, present in the globalization process.
Pengaruh Model Joyful Learning dengan Media Power Point Interaktif terhadap Hasil Belajar Siswa Kelas V SD Negeri 193 Pekanbaru
Authors: Yulidaspa Selpade , Mustika Dea
Published: July 2023

The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of the joyful learning model with interactive power point media on the learning outcomes of fifth grade students at SD Negeri 193 Pekanbaru. This study used a quasi-experimental type with nonequivalent control group design. The research sample consisted of 2 classes using the Cluster Random Sampling technique. The sample in this study is the VB class as the experimental class and the VA class as the control class. The hypothesis test in this study uses the t-test at a significance level of 5% with the calculation t_count 6.73 > t_table -1.67 this means t_count > t_table which means that H_0 is rejected and H_1 is accepted. Based on these results, it can be concluded that there is an influence of the joyful learning model with interactive power point media on the learning outcomes of fifth grade students at SD Negeri 193 Pekanbaru.
Effective Biomassage Method Lowers Blood Pressure In Hypertensive Menopausal Women At Pukesmas Denpasar Barat II Denpasar Bali
Authors: Ribek I Nyoman , Aditya Pradnyani Ni Putu Dyah , Ayu Ketut Surinati I Dewa , Nyoman Hartati Ni , S.P.Rahayu V.M.Endang
Published: July 2023

The main problem of menopausal women is hypertension because  in menopause  the hormone estrogen is decreasing, cholesterol levels increase then arthrosclerosis occurs and blood vessels are damaged. Hypertension  is one of the entrances to heart disease, kidney failure, diabetes, stroke and the global prevalence of 22% of the world's population, in Indonesia in 2018 is 34.11%.  , in Bali 21% and Denpasar City 26.23%.  Overcoming this problem besides conventionally needed another method to solve the problem of hypertension, namely biomassage massage.  . The purpose of the study was to find out whether biomassage massage is effective in lowering blood pressure in menopausal hypertension.  This research method is true experimental method with pretest-postest control group design; The sample of 66 people with simple random techniques was divided into two, one experiment and one control. Analysis before and after treatment was carried out normality test, the results were all variables normally distributed for systole so that hypothesis testing with t test and abnormal on diastole so that the analysis used vicoxson and the results there were significant differences before and after treatment with sig values of 0.00 < 0.05.with a systole difference rank of 7 mmH and Diastole 4 mmHg. It was concluded that there was a significant difference before and after the Biomassage procedure. It is recommended in overcoming hypertension, besides conventionally with drugs need to be supplemented with biomassage massage education.
Deteksi fenomena "market shock" di Indonesia dalam isu likuidasi perbankan AS
Authors: Mangero Handel Benedicto , Kirauhe Reno
Published: July 2023

Investor reactions in the capital market are often triggered by several factors. One of the most dominant factors influencing the psychology of investors is information on issues related to economic events. The aim of this study is to examine the daily closing prices of market indices within a confidence interval. This study finds that most of the market indices tend to be less than the lower limit except for the IDXTRANS. These findings imply that the issue of liquidation of several banking businesses in the US tends to result in market shocks in Indonesia, especially during the observation period.
Classification Of Hadith Shahih Perspective Of Muhammad Al-Ghazali And Its Role For The Lives Of Muslims Today
Authors: Ramadhan Sayid Ahmad , Mahfudz Taufik Warman , Sukti Surya
Published: July 2023

The purpose of this paper is to discuss and review the fruits of Muhammad Al-Ghazali's thoughts on a hadith and its role in the lives of Muslims today. Literature research is used in the writing mechanism by tracing the scientific work of previous researchers and then analyzing and concluding. For the results of this paper, namely: 1. The method of determining the degree of hadith of Muhammad Al-Ghazali using criteria: a. testing with the Qur'an, b. testing with other hadiths, both the level and context of the content of the hadith, c. testing with historical facts (conditions when the hadith was issued), and d. testing concerning the conformity of reason (scientifically proven). 2. The role of hadith criteria set by Muhammad Al-Ghazali has had an impact on the understanding of Muslims, namely:: a. be more selective in responding to various hadiths circulating or in other words not necessarily take it for granted, b. Seeing the objectives, objectives, and intentions of a hadith by relating the explanation of the Qur'an then assisted by explanations that are not aimed at one scholar alone and adding a review of the truth of the ratio (reason) with scientific (science) and c. not fixated on judging a hadith because the narrator is considered qualified in the eyes of scholars, but tries to know and seek its truth through searches in scientific assemblies (ulama), scientific studies (writings), books of hadith.
 
Keywords: Classification, Role, Shahih Hadith, Muhammad Al-Ghazali.
Productive Livelihood For Children On QS. An-Nisa Verse 09
Authors: Musthofa Yayan , Syafi’i Ahmad Musta’in
Published: July 2023

A living became a necessity in domestic life. Most studies of living still revolve around consumptive livelihood (an-nafaqah al-istihlākiyah), because read from an outward point of the texts indicate that living is in the form of food, drink, clothing, food, and domicile. Even though these consumptive details can be productive. Productive livelihood (an-nafaqah al-isti'māliyah) for children has not been so massive discussion among researchers. Some published research on productive living still requires a stronger foothold as a legal backing. From there, researchers want to provide the basic foundation of QS. An-Nisa': 09 as a formalistic legal basis in order to be more effective in taking application actions in the practical realm of each family. With the approach of Islamic legal philosophy, researchers read and study QS. An-Nisa': 09, is the verse relevant as the basic basis for productive livelihood for children? And what are the laws born of it? From this study, the results obtained are 1) this verse is relevant to be used as a basis for the concept of productive livelihood for children. 2) with the approach of Islamic legal philosophy gave conclusion of law a) the necessity of applying productive income for children to families who have knowledge and an established economy; b) be an encouragement for families with knowledge or established economies to manage management towards productive livelihood for children; c) does not apply to those who do not have the capacity of both or one of them.
 
Keywords: productive livelihood, children, QS. An-Nisa’: 09
Development Of E-Modules For Prayer Practice Using Flip PDF Professional
Authors: Mudzofar Muchlis , Tamam Abas Mansur
Published: July 2023

This study aims to produce electronic prayer practice modules using the Flip PDF Professional application. The research was conducted in the form of research and development (R&D). The development model used is the ADDIE model (analysis, design, development, implementation, and evaluation). The electronic module developed by the author contains material presented using images, videos, audio, and animation to increase students' interest in learning the practice of prayer and effectiveness in the learning process. The results showed that the electronic module developed had met the required standards. Validation was carried out by material experts, media experts, and linguists. In addition, the electronic module has also been field tested on a small scale by 8 learners and a large scale by 15 learners. The interpretation of the material expert shows that this e-module is very feasible with a percentage score of 87.50%, the interpretation of the language expert shows feasibility with a percentage score of 89.58%, and the interpretation of the media expert shows feasibility with a percentage score of 80.27%. The results of the field trial also showed that this e-module received a good assessment with a percentage score of 82.50%. Based on the results of the trial, it can be concluded that the electronic module of prayer practice is included in the good category and received positive responses from experts, students, and teachers. Currently, the implementation of the electronic prayer module in the learning process is being carried out, and the results of this research will be published in the next article
 
Keywords: Electronic Modules, Flip PDF Professional, Prayer, Worship