bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Effects of long‐term phosphorus fertilizer inputs and seasonal conditions on organic soil phosphorus cycling under grazed pasture
Authors: Touhami Driss , Condron Leo M. , McDowell Richard W. , Moss Ray
Published: June 2022

Soil microbes and phosphatase enzymes play a critical role in organic soil phosphorus (P) cycling. However, how long‐term P inputs influence microbial P transformations and phosphatase enzyme activity under grazed pastures remains unclear. We collected top‐soil (0–75 mm) from a grazed pasture receiving contrasting P inputs (control, 188 kg ha−1 year−1 of single super phosphate [SSP], and 376 kg ha−1 year−1 of SSP) for more than 65 years. Olsen P, microbial biomass P, and acid and alkaline phosphatase enzyme activities were measured regularly over a 2‐year period. Pasture dry matter and soil chemical properties were also investigated. Results showed that long‐term P inputs significantly increased pasture dry matter, total N, and the concentrations of –N but significantly decreased soil pH and the concentrations of –N. Total C was not affected by P fertilization. Although Olsen P significantly increased with increasing long‐term P inputs, microbial biomass P was similar under P fertilized treatments. Long‐term P inputs decreased acid phosphatase activity but increased alkaline phosphatase activity. Microbial biomass P was similar across seasons in the control but decreased in spring and autumn while increased in summer and winter under P fertilized treatments. Acid and alkaline phosphatase activities were significantly affected by season and followed similar seasonal trends being maximum in summer and minimum in winter regardless of P treatment. Correlation and principal component analysis revealed that acid and alkaline phosphatase activities were significantly positively correlated with soil temperature and significantly negatively correlated with soil moisture. In contrast, Olsen P and microbial biomass P were weakly correlated with environmental conditions. The findings of this study highlight the intertwined relationship between organic P cycling and the availability of C and N in soil systems and the need to integrate both soil moisture and temperature in models predicting organic P mineralization, especially in the context of global climate change.
Limited soil carbon storage under long‐term organic fertilization in solar greenhouses
Authors: Zhang Yueqi , Hagedorn Frank , Guidi Claudia , Yang Lijuan
Published: June 2022

Environmental conditions, fertilization systems and cultivation practices in greenhouses differ from those in arable soil. Despite being a widespread intensive management practice, large uncertainties exist on the effects of long‐term fertilization on soil organic carbon (SOC) in greenhouse cultivation. The objective of this study was to explore the effects of 11‐year‐long fertilization on carbon (C) stocks in soil aggregates (>2 mm; 2–0.25 mm; 0.25–0.053 mm; <0.053 mm) and SOC fractions (free light fraction (free LF), intra‐aggregate particulate organic carbon (iPOC), mineral‐associated organic carbon (mAOC)) at 0–20 cm and 20–40 cm depth in a solar greenhouse. Five treatments were examined: control (no fertilizer), chicken manure (M), chicken manure plus straw (M + S), chicken manure plus lime (M + Ca), chicken manure plus straw and lime (M + S + Ca). Over the 11 years of continuous intensive organic fertilization, SOC contents of all fertilization treatments first increased sharply and then stabilized after 5 years. The M + S + Ca treatment increased the proportion of aggregate masses, SOC concentrations as well as SOC stocks of soil aggregates >2 mm, 2–0.25 mm, but straw or lime application alone had no significant effects. The M + S + Ca treatment increased the SOC stock of free LF, fine iPOC, coarse iPOC and mAOC by 97%, 38%, 22% and 25% compared with the M treatment, respectively. Straw treatment alone only significantly increased the soil labile C stock (free LF, iPOC). At 0–40 cm depth, the regression between the C stock and the C input had the steepest slope in bulk soil (slope = 0.223, R2 = 0.87**). After 11 years, about 15% of the C inputs were sequestered in the soils. As the mAOC remained largely unaffected, the increase in SOC seems only short‐lived and reaches a new equilibrium within a few years when C inputs are balanced out by mineralization. Consequently, the intensive fertilization and management practices in greenhouse cultivation allowing obtaining high tomato yields results in an overall negative C balance.
Characterization of the novel HLA‐DQB1*02:200 allele by sequencing‐based typing
Authors: Cargou Marine , Elsermans Vincent , Top Isabelle , Ralazamahaleo Mamy , Visentin Jonathan
Published: June 2022

HLA‐DQB1*02:200 differs from HLA‐DQB1*02:02:01:02 by one nucleotide substitution in codon 148 in exon 3.
Symmetry and control in thermodynamics
Authors: Adlam E. , Uribarri L. , Allen N.
Published: June 2022

We explore the relationship between symmetry and entropy, distinguishing between symmetries of state and dynamical symmetries, and in the context of quantum thermodynamics between symmetries of pure and mixed states. Ultimately, we will argue that symmetry in thermodynamics is best understood as a means of control within the control theory paradigm, and we will describe an interesting technological application of symmetry-based control in the context of a quantum coherence capacitor. Symmetry, the concept from which Noether derived the conservation laws of physics, is one of the most important guiding principles of modern physics. Moreover, symmetry is often regarded as a form of order, and entropy is sometimes regarded as a measure of disorder, so it is natural to suppose that symmetry and entropy are related in some way. In this article, we will explore the relationship between symmetry and entropy, demonstrating that this relationship is by no means a simple one: in particular, it is important to distinguish between symmetries of state and dynamical symmetries, and in the context of quantum thermodynamics to distinguish between symmetries of pure and mixed states. Ultimately, we will argue that symmetry in thermodynamics is best understood as a means of control within the control theory paradigm, and we will describe an interesting technological application of symmetry-based control in the context of a quantum coherence capacitor.
Neuronal correlates of selective attention and effort in visual area V4 are invariant of motivational context
Authors: Ghosh Supriya , Maunsell John H. R.
Published: June 2022

Task demands can differentially engage two fundamental attention components: selectivity (spatial bias) and effort (total nonselective attentional intensity). The relative contributions and interactions of these components in modulating neuronal signals remain unknown. We recorded V4 neurons while monkeys’ spatially selective attention and effort were independently controlled by adjusting either task difficulty or reward size at two locations. Neurons were robustly modulated by either selective attention or effort. Notably, increasing overall effort to improve performance at a distant site reduced neuronal responses even when performance was unchanged for receptive field stimuli. This interaction between attentional selectivity and effort was evident in single-trial spiking and can be explained by divisive normalization of spatially distributed behavioral performance at the single-neuron level. Changing motivation using task difficulty or reward produced indistinguishable effects. These results provide a cellular-level mechanism of how attention components integrate to modulate sensory processing in different motivational contexts.
Excessive local host-graft connectivity in aging and amyloid-loaded brain
Authors: Thomas Judith , Martinez-Reza Maria Fernanda , Thorwirth Manja , Zarb Yvette , Conzelmann Karl-Klaus , Hauck Stefanie M. , Grade Sofia , Götz Magdalena
Published: June 2022

Transplantation is a clinically relevant approach for brain repair, but much remains to be understood about influences of the disease environment on transplant connectivity. To explore the effect of amyloid pathology in Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and aging, we examined graft connectivity using monosynaptic rabies virus tracing in APP/PS1 mice and in 16- to 18-month-old wild-type (WT) mice. Transplanted neurons differentiated within 4 weeks and integrated well into the host visual cortex, receiving input from the appropriate brain regions for this area. Unexpectedly, we found a prominent several-fold increase in local inputs, in both amyloid-loaded and aged environments. State-of-the-art deep proteome analysis using mass spectrometry highlights complement system activation as a common denominator of environments promoting excessive local input connectivity. These data therefore reveal the key role of the host pathology in shaping the input connectome, calling for caution in extrapolating results from one pathological condition to another.
Thermally switchable, crystallizable oil and silicone composite adhesives for skin-interfaced wearable devices
Authors: Jinkins Katherine R. , Li Shupeng , Arafa Hany , Jeong Hyoyoung , Lee Young Joong , Wu Changsheng , Campisi Elizabeth , Ni Xinchen , Cho Donghwi , Huang Yonggang , Rogers John A.
Published: June 2022

Continuous health monitoring is essential for clinical care, especially for patients in neonatal and pediatric intensive care units. Monitoring currently requires wired biosensors affixed to the skin with strong adhesives that can cause irritation and iatrogenic injuries during removal. Emerging wireless alternatives are attractive, but requirements for skin adhesives remain. Here, we present a materials strategy enabling wirelessly triggered reductions in adhesive strength to eliminate the possibility for injury during removal. The materials involve silicone composites loaded with crystallizable oils with melting temperatures close to, but above, surface body temperature. This solid/liquid phase transition occurs upon heating, reducing the adhesion at the skin interface by more than 75%. Experimental and computational studies reveal insights into effects of oil mixed randomly and patterned deterministically into the composite. Demonstrations in skin-integrated sensors that include wirelessly controlled heating and adhesion reduction illustrate the broad utility of these ideas in clinical-grade health monitoring.
Structural insights into G protein activation by D1 dopamine receptor
Authors: Teng Xiao , Chen Sijia , Wang Qing , Chen Zhao , Wang Xiaoying , Huang Niu , Zheng Sanduo
Published: June 2022

G protein–coupled receptors (GPCRs) comprise the largest family of membrane receptors and are the most important drug targets. An agonist-bound GPCR engages heterotrimeric G proteins and triggers the exchange of guanosine diphosphate (GDP) with guanosine triphosphate (GTP) to promote G protein activation. A complete understanding of molecular mechanisms of G protein activation has been hindered by a lack of structural information of GPCR–G protein complex in nucleotide-bound states. Here, we report the cryo-EM structures of the D1 dopamine receptor and mini-G
s
complex in the nucleotide-free and nucleotide-bound states. These structures reveal major conformational changes in Gα such as structural rearrangements of the carboxyl- and amino-terminal α helices that account for the release of GDP and the GTP-dependent dissociation of Gα from Gβγ subunits. As validated by biochemical and cellular signaling studies, our structures shed light into the molecular basis of the entire signaling events of GPCR-mediated G protein activation.
Effect of coronary tortuosity on invasive physiology
Authors: Maznyczka Annette , Rajkumar Christopher , Hobson Alex , Haworth Peter AJ
Published: June 2022

We present a case of angina, where extreme coronary tortuosity affected invasive physiology interpretation. Extreme coronary tortuosity may lower fractional flow reserve and instantaneous wave-free ratio. Therefore, invasive physiology can be misleading in this setting, when used to evaluate stenosis significance, or when used post-percutaneous coronary (PCI) intervention for physiology guided stent optimisation.
Strengthening causal inference from randomised controlled trials of complex interventions
Authors: Leroy Jef L , Frongillo Edward A , Kase Bezawit E , Alonso Silvia , Chen Mario , Dohoo Ian , Huybregts Lieven , Kadiyala Suneetha , Saville Naomi M
Published: June 2022

Researchers conducting randomised controlled trials (RCTs) of complex interventions face design and analytical challenges that are not fully addressed in existing guidelines. Further guidance is needed to help ensure that these trials of complex interventions are conducted to the highest scientific standards while maximising the evidence that can be extracted from each trial. The key challenge is how to manage the multiplicity of outcomes required for the trial while minimising false positive and false negative findings. To address this challenge, we formulate three principles to conduct RCTs: (1) outcomes chosen should be driven by the intent and programme theory of the intervention and should thus be linked to testable hypotheses; (2) outcomes should be adequately powered and (3) researchers must be explicit and fully transparent about all outcomes and hypotheses before the trial is started and when the results are reported. Multiplicity in trials of complex interventions should be managed through careful planning and interpretation rather than through post hoc analytical adjustment. For trials of complex interventions, the distinction between primary and secondary outcomes as defined in current guidelines does not adequately protect against false positive and negative findings. Primary outcomes should be defined as outcomes that are relevant based on the intervention intent and programme theory, declared (ie, registered), and adequately powered. The possibility of confirmatory causal inference is limited to these outcomes. All other outcomes (either undeclared and/or inadequately powered) are secondary and inference relative to these outcomes will be exploratory.
Probing neutrino mass models through resonances at neutrino telescopes
Authors: Babu K. S. , Bhupal Dev P. S. , Jana Sudip
Published: June 2022

We study the detection prospects of relatively light charged scalars in radiative Majorana neutrino mass models, such as the Zee model and its variants using scalar leptoquarks, at current and future neutrino telescopes. In particular, we show that these scalar mediators can give rise to Glashow-like resonance features in the ultrahigh energy (UHE) neutrino event spectrum at the IceCube neutrino observatory and its high-energy upgrade IceCube-Gen2. The same scalars can also give rise to observable nonstandard neutrino interactions (NSIs), and we show that the UHE neutrinos provide a complementary probe of NSI. We also discuss an interesting possibility of producing such resonances by incoming sterile neutrino components in the case where neutrinos are pseudo-Dirac particles.
Mass bounds on the deformed bosons as dark matter particles
Authors: Maleki Mahnaz , Mohammadzadeh Hosein , Ebadi Zahra , Najafi Morteza Nattagh
Published: June 2022

We introduce the deformed boson condensate and argue that its properties are consistent with the properties of the dark matter (DM). For every candidate of DM, the mass bounds evaluation is important. Therefore, the lower and upper bounds of mass are evaluated using the phase space density and observational data for q deformed Bose–Einstein condensate (q-BEC) model. We show that the upper bound of q-BEC and ordinary BEC model is the same, while for small values of q, the lower bound tends to zero which is in favor of the light DM particles.
SECPON: Analysis of Engineering Change Processes for Manufacturing Companies
Authors: Knaus Alexander
Published: June 2022

The problem of process models in engineering change management is their static approach, which hinders enterprises from using them in daily business. The SECPON process is a standardized implementation process for engineering changes with the additional benefit of enabling users to adjust this process according to the specific requirements of their company and product. The indication that there are influencing factors on change processes is innovative for the theory of engineering change management. Additionally, special process steps for certain branches, such as the food industry, the pharmaceutical industry, the aeronautical industry, and the railway industry, are integrated. Due to the wide variety of literature and survey participants, the reference process is universally applicable. The deductive–inductive research results enable business users to apply more accurate and structured engineering change processes. Researchers profit from the successful new approach to engineering change management with the adaptive process model.
Electrochemical Study of Vicinal Dibromide Dehalogenation Catalyzed by Cobaloximes
Authors: Pizarro Sebastián , García Vivian , Cañas-Sarazúa Raul , Carmona Danilo , Araya Michael , Delgadillo Alvaro
Published: June 2022

The electrochemical dehalogenation of trans−1,2-dibromocyclohexane will be studied using a family of cobaloximes by the cyclic voltammetry. The cobaloximes used are: Co(dmgH)2Cl(py), Co(mpgH)2Cl(py), Co(dpgH)2Cl(py), Co(chgH)2Cl(py), Co(dmgH)2Cl(PPh3), Co(mpgH)2Cl(PPh3) and Co(dpgH)2Cl(PPh3) (where dmgH is dimethylglyoximato, mpgH is methylphenylglyoximato, dpgH is diphenylglyoximato, chgH is 1,2-cyclohexanedione dioxime, PPh3 is triphenylphosphine and py is pyridine). The dehalogenation kinetics were studied by monitoring the current increases zone near to the Co(II/I) half wave potential as the concentration of the trans−1,2-dibromocyclohexane in the electrochemical cell is increased. The rate constants of the dehalogenation processes were estimated using the foot-of-the-wave analysis (FOWA), finding higher constant values when the potential of the Co(II/I) pair is shifted to more negative values.
Smart Speech Recognition System for Chinese Language Learning Enhancement
Authors: Hu Lijun , Jia Jing
Published: June 2022

With the expansion of teaching scale and the rapid development of educational information, a smart classroom management system based on speech recognition has been proposed and developed to improve the information level of smart classroom management. This paper discusses the application of multimedia equipment control. The system relies on the mature campus network in the way of cloud and local speech database for speech recognition. The application of the system proves that the smart classroom management system based on speech recognition in cloud architecture has more advantages than the traditional multimedia classroom management system and also has definite expansibility. It facilitates the unified management of the school, improves the efficiency of administrators, saves a lot of human and financial resources, and greatly promotes the development of school information construction. The smart classroom becomes a new direction in the application of information technology in the field of teaching and learning and is a smart learning scenario for improving the learning and teaching scenario. This paper focuses on the use of smart classroom as a supplementary teaching tool to improve Chinese language teaching and learning and illustrates the optimization of the teaching environment by smart classroom in terms of vocabulary learning and listening and speaking training.
Fuzzy Control Path Planning of Soccer Robot Relying on Quantum Genetic Algorithm
Authors: Yang Xiaoming
Published: June 2022

When planning the soccer robot path at present, a two-dimensional map is used mainly to optimize the path of the soccer robot's operating field. However, because the two-dimensional robot is selected, which can only utilize the data of plane about a specific environment, the data information of the mobile soccer robot cannot be gathered, impacting greatly the completion of the plan of the robot path. The path planning of the soccer robot is conducted using the quantum genetic algorithm so that the problem can be dealt with. On the premise that there is a lack of full consideration of the accurate motion path between the two points, the inertia weight is dynamically adjusted to overcome the disadvantage of premature convergence of the traditional quantum group algorithm, which can make the weight of the quantum genetic algorithm controllable with adaptability so that the problem of the extremely slow convergence speed of a single quantum in the quantum group and the high group dispersion can be solved. Furthermore, the selected quantum genetic algorithm can realize the real-time update of the soccer robot's position, effectively increase the trajectory change of the particle swarm movement, and to a certain extent effectively increase the search ability and convergence effect of the particle swarm in the global scope, so as to ensure that this algorithm can be more effective than the traditional path planning algorithm in terms of global search ability and convergence speed in the path planning of the soccer robot and has a higher use value.
Chemical Characterization, Antioxidant, and Antihyperglycemic Capacity of Ferulated Arabinoxylan Extracted from “Chicha de Jora” Bagasse: An Ancestral Fermented Beverage from Zea mays L.
Authors: Segovia-Huarcaya Juan Jharol , Valentin-Soto Lilian Silvana , Herrera-Calderon Oscar , Fuertes-Ruitón César Máximo , Pari-Olarte Josefa Bertha , Loyola-Gonzales Eddie , Almeida-Galindo José Santiago , Kong-Chirinos José Francisco , Melgar-Merino Elizabeth Julia , Alshahrani Mohammed Merae , Mahmud Shafi
Published: June 2022

Bagasse is a byproduct generated during the process of making the traditional Andean drink named “chicha de jora” in Peru, which is a potential source for the extraction of ferulated arabinoxylan (FAX). The aim of this study was to extract and characterize the FAX from bagasse and determine its antioxidant and antihyperglycemic capacity in vitro. As a result, FAX of molecular weight ≥3.5 kDa presented moisture content, pH, total ash, proteins, and total phenolic content with values of 8.00%, 5.81, 2.68%, 3.78%, and 5.72 mg EAG/g, respectively. Thin-layer chromatography identified the monosaccharides L-arabinose and D-xylose. HPLC-MS/MS analysis of FAX confirmed the presence of methyl-pentofuranosides or methyl-pentopyranosides. The FT-IR spectrum presented characteristic bands of FAX. The FAX showed antioxidant capacity determined by the DPPH assay (IC50 = 6.59 mg/mL and TEAC = 7.7844 μmol/g sample), ABTS (IC50 = 6.50 mg/mL and TEAC 35.34 μmol/g sample), and FRAP (14.08 μmol AA/g and 36.63 μmol FeSO4/g). On the other hand, FAX showed glucose adsorption capacity, inhibition of glucose diffusion, and inhibition of the enzyme α-amylase (IC50 = 4.73 mg/mL). The results showed that the FAX extracted from the bagasse generated during the production of the “chicha de jora” has in vitro antioxidant and antihyperglycemic capacity.
Exploring the Action Mechanism of the Active Ingredient of Quercetin in Ligustrum lucidum on the Mouse Mastitis Model Based on Network Pharmacology and Molecular Biology Validation
Authors: Cao Lu , Wang Tao , Mi XiaoYu , Ji Peng , Zhao XingXu , Zhang Yong
Published: June 2022

Aim. The aim of this study is to explore the mechanism of action of quercetin, the main active anti-inflammatory component of Ligustrum lucidum, in the prevention and treatment of mastitis. Methods. Prediction of the main active ingredients and key anti-inflammatory targets of Ligustrum lucidum using a network pharmacology platform and molecular biology validation of the results. Observation of histopathological changes in the mouse mammary gland by hematoxylin-eosin staining(H&E) method, quantitative real-time PCR(qPCR), and Western blot (WB) to detect the expression levels of relevant inflammatory factors mRNA and protein. Results. A total of 7 active ingredients and 42 key targets were obtained from the network pharmacological analysis of Ligustrum lucidum, with quercetin as the main core ingredient and tumor necrosis factor(TNF), serine threonine protein kinase1(AKT1), and interleukin6(IL6) as the core targets; H&E results showed that pathological changes were reduced to different degrees in the dose group compared to the model group. The qPCR results showed that the relative expression of TNF and IL6 mRNA in the high dose group on day 3 and the high and medium dose groups on day 7 were not significantly different compared with the blank group (

P
>
0.05

), and the difference between the dose groups on day 5 was significant (

P
<
0.05

). WB results showed that the difference in nuclear factor kappa-B(NF-κB) protein expression in the medium and low dose groups on day 7 was significant compared with the blank group (

P
<
0.05

), the difference in 5 and 7 days, significant differences in AKT1 protein expression between the middle and low dose groups (

P
<
0.05

), nonsignificant differences in the TNF protein expression between the high dose groups on day 7 (

P
>
0.05

), and significant differences in the IL6 protein expression between the middle and low dose groups on days 3 and 7 (

P
<
0.05

). Conclusion. Quercetin, the main active ingredient of Ligustrum lucidum, may act in the prevention and treatment of mastitis by inhibiting the expression of inflammatory factors in phosphoinositol 3-kinase(PI3K)-AKT and NF-κB signaling pathways and showa a significant dose-dependent effect. This study provides theoretical basis and clues for the control of mastitis in dairy cows.
CET-4 Listening Test Effect on Listening Learning Based on Machine Learning
Authors: Wu Fei , Chen Xue , Zheng Hongyan
Published: June 2022

CET-4 is a large-scale test used to test the English proficiency of Chinese non-English majors. However, the number of empirical studies on CET-4 is not large. This paper conducted an empirical study on the effect of the machine learning-based CET-4 listening test on listening learning. This paper first introduces the related concepts and influencing factors of listening and then summarizes the college English test and listening research, and then proposes machine learning related algorithms, including support vector machines, principal component analysis, statistical learning methods, and BP neural network. Finally, the method of questionnaire survey is used to conduct the research. In this study, 520 non-English major students were selected by random sampling to conduct a questionnaire survey, of which 400 were valid questionnaires. The experimental results showed that students’ listening learning strategies (Sig.=. 000<.05), learning behaviors (Sig.=. 000<.05), and learning attitudes (Sig.=. 00 3 <.05) were significantly different and students with higher listening scores paid more attention to the use of learning strategies.
Sports Image Decomposition Strategy Based on Moreau Envelope and Depth Recovery
Authors: Qiang Li
Published: June 2022

Sports image decomposition technology is utilized broadly in different fields, and the technologies of sports image action identification situated on sports picture transformation technologies may be suitable. This paper utilizes the Moreau envelope and depth recovery for sports image decomposition strategy, an order of work such as a collection of sports image characteristic distillation, and action identification must be achieved in beginning and started with texture functions as well as various relevant functions. And both algorithms have to be utilized to finish the sports picture-oriented sports action identification technology at the lowest time expense. For the improvement of the latest sports image industry form, which is also strongly developed, the people’s affection for sports image is gaining as powerful and creates an improvement of sports image industry still achieving a lot of advantages. The parameters recognition rate and accuracy are compared with various techniques. The proposed methods are effective to achieve the perfect sports image decomposition.
Evaluation of the Bond Strength of Self-Etching Adhesive Systems Containing HEMA and 10-MDP Monomers: Bond Strength of Adhesives Containing HEMA and 10-MDP
Authors: Pimentel de Oliveira Roberta , de Paula Brennda Lucy , Ribeiro Mara Eliane , Alves Eliane , Costi Hilton Túlio , Silva Cecy
Published: June 2022

The aim of this in vitro study was to assess the bond strength of self-etching adhesives containing HEMA and 10-MDP monomers. Twenty-four bovine teeth were divided into three groups. Two cylinders of composite resin were made in each tooth (n = 16): G1-Prime and Bond Universal (control); G2-OptiBond All-in-One (HEMA); and G3-Clearfil SE (10-MDP and HEMA). After 24-hour storage in distilled water, the specimens were fixed to a universal testing machine (Kratos Equipamentos Ltda.) for the microshear test at a speed of 0.5 mm/min. A qualitative analysis of the fracture pattern was also performed using scanning electron microscopy (500× magnification). The normality of sample data distribution was determined using the Shapiro–Wilk test. The results were assessed using the Kruskal–Wallis test, and α level of 5% was used for the analysis. The results indicated a statistical difference (

p
>
0.05

) between G3 (15.6080 MPa) and G2 (11.2180 MPa). No statistical difference was observed when G1 (14,6325 MPa) was compared with the other two groups. It was also observed that a mixed fracture pattern was predominant in all groups. The self-etching adhesive containing HEMA and 10-MDP monomers showed to be promising in increasing the bond strength between the dental substrate and the composite resin, whereas the adhesive containing only HEMA exhibited lower bond strength to dentin.
On Degree‐Based Topological Indices of Thermodynamic Cuboctahedral Bi‐Metallic Structure
Authors: Ma Guozhen , Ibrahim Muhammad , Abbas Ghazanfar , Siddiqui M. K. , Fufa Samuel Asefa
Published: June 2022

Porous material such as metal‐natural constructions and their particular partner metal‐natural poly‐hydra are made up of inorganic clusters with no saturation and exhibit great capability for utilization in the absorption of gas and ascending opening in optics and detecting biotechnology and hardware. Cuboctahedral bi‐metallic structure is an often‐quoted example of metal‐natural polyhedra class. In this study, we have calculated the first and second Zagreb index, the augmented Zagreb index, and the inverse Randic, as well as general Randic index, the symmetric division, and harmonic index. We have also discussed these topological indices graphically and have found that the value of almost all indices goes higher and higher as the value of n goes higher.
Study on the Effects of Orthodontics on Anterior Tooth Displacement in Patients
Authors: Zhang Beibei , Cai Minqiu , Ruan Fangchao , Chen Zigen
Published: June 2022

Objective. The purpose of this study was to investigate the therapeutic effect of orthodontic treatment on anterior tooth displacement caused by periodontal disease. Methods. A prospective study was performed in 86 patients with anterior tooth displacement caused by periodontal disease. These patients were divided into the experimental group and the control group according to the intervention methods. For the control group, patients were treated with conventional therapy. The experimental group used straight wire orthodontic technique for orthodontic treatment on the basis of conventional treatment. Comparisons were performed between two groups in term of bleeding index, alveolar bone height, anterior tooth coverage, periodontal pocket depth, probing depth, clinical crown length, tooth root length, inflammatory cytokines levels, and orthodontic satisfaction. Results. Comparison of bleeding index, alveolar bone height, anterior tooth coverage, periodontal pocket depth, probing depth, clinical crown length, tooth root length, and inflammatory cytokines levels between two groups before treatment indicated that there were no statistical differences (all

P
>
0.05

). After treatment, bleeding index, alveolar bone height, anterior tooth coverage, periodontal pocket depth, probing depth, clinical crown length, and serum levels of IL-6 and TNF-α in the experimental group were lower than those in the control group (all

P
<
0.05

), while the serum level of IL-2 in the experimental group was more than that in the control group (

P
<
0.05

). Also, there was no difference for tooth root length between two groups. Moreover, compared with the control group, orthodontic satisfaction in the experimental group was significantly increased. Conclusion. The efficacy of orthodontic treatment in patients with anterior tooth displacement caused by periodontal disease is higher than that of only using conventional therapy, as it helps improve their periodontal health, alveolar bone height, clinical crown length, inflammatory factor levels, and orthodontic satisfaction of patients.
Allocation Method of Enterprise High-Quality Human Resources Based on Intelligent Big Data
Authors: Zhang Yu
Published: June 2022

At present, the variation coefficient is used to calculate the difference between personnel and individual posts, which leads to the poor ability of allocating enterprise human resources. Therefore, a high-quality enterprise human resource allocation method based on intelligent big data is proposed. According to the four principles, the process of model building is designed, the hypothesis of model building is made, and the model of optimal allocation of human resources is constructed. From the personnel and post quantity, personnel and post structure, personnel and post quality, system, and other four aspects of optimal allocation, design the model running process, network personnel and posts, and use network indicators to match personnel and posts. The adjustment layer is introduced into the basic CNN model structure, and the input layer of intelligent big data is used to normalize the score of current high-quality human resources of enterprises. After the local characteristic processing is implemented on the human resource scoring matrix, the human resource allocation results are output to realize the allocation of high-quality human resources of enterprises. The experimental results show that the evaluation effect of the method is good, the evaluation time is short, the work efficiency is high, the credibility of human resource structure allocation is good, and the human resource allocation method has a good human resource structure allocation ability.
A Novel BLNK Gene Mutation in a Four-Year-Old Child Who Presented with Late Onset of Severe Infections and High IgM Levels and Diagnosed and Followed as X-Linked Agammaglobulinemia for Two Years
Authors: Topyildiz Ezgi , Edeer Karaca Neslihan , Aygun Ayse , Aykut Ayca , Durmaz Asude , Aksu Guzide , Kutukculer Necil
Published: June 2022

Agammaglobulinemia is a rare inherited immunodeficiency disorder. Mutations in the BLNK gene cause low levels of mature B lymphocytes in the peripheral blood leading to recurrent infections. We present a four-year-old Turkish boy who had recurrent respiratory tract infections in the last six months. He had very low IgG (81 mg/dl) and IgA levels (<5 mg/dl) with high IgM (258 mg/dl). Flow cytometric analysis of lymphocyte subsets showed low CD19+ B cells (0.05%). Homozygous c.790C > T (p.Gln264Ter) mutation was detected in the BLNK gene with Targeted Next Generation Sequencing (TNGS) gene analysis. Agammaglobulinemia may be due to different genetic etiologies together with complex genetic events. Although the first diagnosis to be considered in male patients is Bruton’s agammaglobulinemia, patients with normal BTK sequence and/or expression should be investigated with a large genetic study such as TNGS in the early period to reach a definitive diagnosis. This male case of agammaglobulinemia highlights the necessity of considering BLNK mutations in children with B cell deficiency, even though they are known to be rare causes of agammaglobulinemia. Our case is also remarkable with high IgM levels before intravenous immunoglobulin replacement therapy and with late-onset severe infections.
Microscopic Bearing Behavior of Horizontally Loaded Vertical Plate Anchors in Sandy Soil
Authors: Zhang Sifeng , Wang Yushuai , Li Chao , Li Qing , Yang Dong
Published: June 2022

Vertical plate anchors are an effective technique to enhance the stability of various structures, such as retaining walls and sheet piles. More research has been devoted to their bearing capacity and macroscopically affecting parameters, while less research can be found on their microscopic bearing behavior. In this paper, the microscopic bearing behavior of vertical plate anchors subjected to a horizontal pullout load in sandy soil was investigated with the particle flow code (PFC) based on the model test results. Results show that the larger‐sized anchor plates withstand greater soil pressure and affect a broader range of soil during the pullout process. The soil not behind the anchor plate is pressed, and the pressure in front of the anchor plate increases with increasing size. The soil close to the plate anchor suffers larger pressure while the soil far away from the plate anchor is less affected, and the soil is redistributed to a more stable state during the pullout process of the plate anchor. The particles with a long axis distributed in the horizontal direction are the most stable, while those with a long axis distributed in the vertical direction are the most unstable.
Particle Swarm Optimization and Modular Multilevel Converter Communication in Electrical Applications with Machine Learning Algorithm
Authors: Kamal Shoaib , Sayeed Farrukh , Ahanger Tariq Ahamed , Subbalakshmi Chatti , Kalidoss R. , Singh Nilu , Nuagah Stephen Jeswinde
Published: June 2022

As a result of their natural capacity to recover harmonic current and reactive power from alternating current sources, power electronic devices utilized in conjunction with nonlinear loads have the potential to generate significant harmonic problems within the power system when employed in this way. When this occurs, voltage instability occurs, which must be avoided in order to maintain the consistency and dependability of the power system’s power flow. With this approach, the series controller has been replaced by a multilevel modular controller in order to improve power handling capability and achieve higher modular levels with minimal distortions. The shunt compensator is the most effective way to achieve an extremely protected energy system as well as righteous steadiness in electric potential difference under a variety of load constraints. The DQ thesis is employed in this proposed converter to separate the harmonic components by establishing reference frame current, which is accomplished by machine learning techniques. As part of the constant mode operation, the PI controller contributes to maintaining the direct current-potential difference, which is given to the PWM generator. Optimization of the values of K p and K i is accomplished by the use of particle swarm optimization (PSO). The construction of this power system simulation model has been made feasible by the use of time-fluctuating characteristics modeling and the MATLAB programming environment. The new (unified power flow controller) UPFC research that has been made available is persuasive in its capacity to reduce distortions and watt-less power components while simultaneously enhancing efficiency and reducing costs.
Constructing an Enterprise Management System Using an Improved Clustering Algorithm
Authors: Zhu Hua
Published: June 2022

Cluster analysis is one of the most commonly used data analysis methods, and K-means is among the most popular and widely used clustering algorithms in recent years. Because of its performance in clustering huge amounts of enterprise data, the K-means algorithm is one of the most commonly used clustering methods in enterprises. Furthermore, in the context of the new era, enterprises are under growing pressure from both domestic and international sources, particularly market competition pressure. Moreover, the traditional K-means dispersed clustering algorithm has several issues when it comes to clustering big data in enterprises, such as instable clustering findings, poor clustering results, and low execution effectiveness. Based on the premise of the clustering algorithm in enterprises, this paper constructs an improved K-means clustering algorithm of the enterprise management system. It enables businesses to quickly address deficiencies, improve information in all areas, supplement adequate resources, and promote growth. The proposed algorithm uses the sample density, the distance between the clusters, and the cluster compact density, and defines the product of the three as different weight densities and the maximum difference as the initial cluster center to solve the problem. It finds the point of sampling with weight density, randomness, and low quality of early cluster center selection. The experimental results show that my planned algorithm has higher execution efficiency, accurateness, a lower error rate, and good stability.
Treatment of Cancer Gene Changes in Chronic Myeloid Leukemia by Big Data Analysis Platform-Based Dasatinib
Authors: Song Linlin , Li Qi , Shi Hui , Zhang Pengxia
Published: June 2022

Based on data mining, an innovative big data analysis platform was utilized to discuss the treatment of cancer in chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) by dasatinib, aiming to offer help to the diagnosis and treatment of cancer. An integrated gene expression analysis system (IEAS) was firstly constructed to automatically classify data in the online human Mendelian genetic database using clustering algorithms. At the same time, the gene expression profile was analyzed by principal component analysis (PCA) in the analysis system. In addition, the efficacy of dasatinib in the treatment of patients with advanced CML was then retrospectively analyzed. The results showed that the IEAS system could incorporate the gene expression analysis vectors it contained by JAVA-related technologies, and the generated clustering genes showed similar functions. The clustering algorithm could homogenize data and generate visual clustering heat maps. The analysis results of major elements were diverse under different experimental conditions. The characteristic value of the first major element was the largest. Messenger ribonucleic acid (mRNA) datasets of CML patients were selected from cancer genomic map, including 120 samples and 20,614 mRNA in total. In micro-RNA (miRNA) datasets, there were 202 samples including 1,406 miRNAs. Data were screened by miRNA–mRNA regulation template, and 20 differentially expressed mRNAs were obtained. In conclusion, the proposed IEAS system could mine and analyze the gene expression data. Dasatinib showed good efficacy in the treatment of patients with advanced CML. Besides, it could improve visual queries, and data mining had a broad application prospect in clinical application. Dasatinib was considered to be a good option for patients with advanced CML.
Multiple Bladder Diverticula Presenting in an 82-Year-Old Congolese Male
Authors: de Dieu Tumusifu Manegabe Jean , Nteranya Daniel Safari , Balemba Ghislain Maheshe , Gulimwentuga Fabrice Cikomola , Munguakonkwa Paul Budema , Mudekereza Paterne Safari , Matabaro Bijou Safi , Bisimwa Alliance Wani , Mukamba Franck Masumbuko , Toha Georges Kuyigwa , Centwali Kizito Mutuga , Musilimu Costa Sudi , Kuyigwa Zénon , Namugusha Alain Kabakuli , Rugarabura Wani Mulumekandi , Mukengeshai Léon-Emmanuel Mubenga
Published: June 2022

Bladder diverticulum is a congenital malformation characterized by the outpouching of the bladder following an obstruction of urine flux. We present a case of 82-year-old Congolese male patient presented at our facility with a poor urinary stream and lower abdominal pain. A distended abdomen was found on physical examination while the external genitalia were normal. All blood laboratory values were found to be within normal ranges. The patient’s urine analysis revealed an uncountable number of white blood cells. Ultrasonography revealed multiple diverticula in the right posterolateral and posterior wall. An ultrasound of the abdomen revealed numerous bladder diverticula in the bladder’s left posterolateral and posterior aspects, mild right-sided hydronephrosis, and severe left hydronephrosis with a thinned-out cortex. Both ureters were normal. A computed tomographic (CT) scan of the abdomen confirmed the diagnosis. The patient underwent an open laparotomy which allowed complete ablation of the diverticula followed by bladder wall repair. A one-week course of antibiotics was prescribed, and the patient was discharged fully recovered with no immediate complications. Although bladder diverticula are a congenital malformation, the presence of multiple diverticula suggests that the condition is acquired. In elderly patients, open laparotomy combined with intravenous antibiotics yields positive results.
Birth Weight and Other Risk Factors for Acute Leukemia in the Jerusalem Perinatal Study Cohort
Authors: Paltiel Ora , Harlap Susan , Deutsch Lisa , Knaanie Ariella , Massalha Sausan , Tiram Efrat , Barchana Micha , Friedlander Yehiel
Published: June 2022

Objectives: To assess the effect of birth weight of children and their siblings and other perinatal/parental factors on the risk of acute leukemia. Methods: We linked data from the Jerusalem Perinatal Study, a population-based research cohort (n = 88,829) of offspring born 1964 to 1976, with Israel's Cancer Registry. Risk factors for acute leukemia were assessed using univariate and multivariate proportional hazards models. Results: Leukemias developed in 65 individuals [24 acute myeloid leukemias (AML) and 41 acute lymphoblastic leukemias (ALL)]. A positive linear relation was found between gender-adjusted birth weight and all leukemias [hazard ratio (HR) 1.85, 95% confidence interval (95% CI) 1.1-3.0] and AML (HR 2.9, 95% CI 1.3-6.4). The association between birth weight and AML was especially notable among infants (HR 8.14, 95% CI 1.8-38.9 for age 0 to 1 year) but was also observed among subjects ages >14 years at diagnosis. The relation was particularly strong among females (P = 0.001). Other risk factors for AML risk on univariate analysis were maternal origin, socioeconomic status, birth weight of sibling > 3,500 g, and family size. On multivariate analysis, only birth weight retained borderline significance (adjusted HR 2.38 per kg, 95% CI 1.0-5.7). Significant predictors for ALL in both univariate and multivariate analyses were male sex (adjusted HR 1.92, 95% CI 1.0-3.7) and birth weight categories ≥ 3,000 g introduced into the model as nonlinear terms. Conclusion: Birth weight is associated with an increased risk of acute leukemia in infants, children, and young adults. Perinatal factors play a role in the development of childhood leukemias, but the patterns of association vary by leukemia type.
The P2X7 Receptor Gene A1513C Polymorphism Does Not Contribute to Risk of Familial or Sporadic Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia
Authors: Sellick Gabrielle S. , Rudd Matthew , Eve Paul , Allinson Ruth , Matutes Estella , Catovsky Daniel , Houlston Richard S.
Published: June 2022

The P2X7 receptor, a plasma membrane ATP-gated ion channel that plays a role in lymphocyte apoptosis, has been suggested to be involved in the development of chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL). P2X7 is polymorphic with 1513A and 1513C alleles encoding fully active and nonfunctional proteins, respectively. We evaluated the significance of the P2X7-A1513C polymorphism on CLL risk by genotyping 424 patients and 428 healthy controls. To empower detection of an association, we included in our analysis 106 familial cases. Allele frequencies were identical in cases and controls irrespective of whether cases were familial or sporadic (frequency of the C allele was 0.17 and 0.17, respectively). The odds ratio of CLL associated with the C allele was 1.03 (95% confidence interval: 0.80-1.31). A meta-analysis of this study and five other smaller published studies provides no evidence of relationship between this P2X7 polymorphism and risk of CLL (odds ratio = 0.99, 95% confidence interval: 0.74-1.32).