bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Distribución biogeográfica potencial del género Hippocampus Rafinesque 1810 (Actinopterygii: Syngnathiformes) en costas mexicanas
Authors: Najera-Medellin Jesús Alejandro , de la Mora-Covarrubias Antonio
Published: June 2019

Los caballitos de mar (género Hippocampus) son peces cuyas poblaciones están amenazadas. Los mapas de distribución presentan información que puede utilizarse para la conservación de la biodiversidad, el correcto manejo y protección de los recursos naturales, y el desarrollo de planes de manejo, son la base para estudios posteriores de taxonomía, biogeografía, ecología y evolución. Con el fin de evaluar la eficiencia y el desempeño de diferentes métodos para el modelado de distribución potencial de las cuatro especies del género Hippocampus presentes en México, se recopilaron puntos georreferenciados de presencia de las mismas, desde 1970 hasta 2017, y se utilizaron cuatro modelos predictivos para determinar su distribución potencial. La evaluación de cada modelo se llevó a cabo con un análisis de curva ROC y un estadístico Kappa de Cohen. En MaxEnt se realizó un análisis Jacknife, para conocer las variables ambientales que tuvieron mayor importancia en la predicción del modelo. Los resultados muestran que H. erectus y H. zosterae tienen una amplia ordenación en las costas del Golfo de México; H. ingens muestra una marcada disposición a lo largo de los estados costeros del Océano Pacífico y H. reidi presenta una predicción de distribución más restringida en la zona del caribe mexicano. La batimetría, distancia a la costa y la concentración de clorofila son los factores con mayor influencia en el modelo predictivo de presencia de las cuatro especies.
Machado de Assis e o mundo desagregado: uma leitura de Dom Casmurro
Authors: Junior Valdemar Valente
Published: June 2019

Este artigo tem por objetivo detectar elementos que ajudem a entender Dom Casmurro a partir da abordagem de situações que difiram da expectativa contida no projeto literário brasileiro da segunda metade do século XIX. No ambiente limitado ao Rio de Janeiro, essa obra supera a descrição referente a um processo mimético de feição local para aprofundar o aspecto psicológico e os dramas da condição humana. Diante disso, buscamos do mesmo modo detectar a relação que se amplia do âmbito local e do conflito familiar para a universalidade das relações que dizem respeito à crise social brasileira no contexto de transformações políticas que têm efeito na passagem entre os séculos XIX e XX.
Gamification concepts for leveraging knowledge sharing in Industry 4.0
Authors: Tsourma Maria , Zikos Stylianos , Albanis Georgios , Apostolakis Konstantinos C. , Lithoxoidou Evdoxia E. , Drosou Anastasios , Zarpalas Dimitrios , Daras Petros , Tzovaras Dimitrios
Published: June 2019

This paper presents gamification concepts implemented by a gamification engine which is incorporated in a knowledge sharing web-based application. The engine aims at increasing user’s motivation and participation in knowledge sharing and training processes taking place on a factory’s shop floor, enhance socialization and support corrective feedback and positive reinforcement. In particular, it motivates workers to participate in discussions, propose solutions to work-related problems, and upload/view useful content even when being at the workplace. The gamification engine makes use of various gamification elements and is highly configurable in terms of management of gamified tasks. It is designed to support access by both standard display devices (PCs, tablets, mobile phones) as well as Mixed/Augmented Reality platforms, such as Microsoft HoloLens, which are gaining significant traction with industry verticals. The main novelty of the gamification concepts presented is the ability to utilize dynamic worker profile information which is stored in a central database, in order to improve the effectiveness of the gamified tasks, targeting at more effective usage of the knowledge sharing platform in the Industry 4.0 domain.
Denaturing agarose gels for large RNAs with glyoxal v1
Authors: Floor Stephen
Published: June 2019

PAGE gels work great for separating small RNAs under 500 nt or so, but cannot separate larger RNAs. This protocol uses glyoxal to denature RNAs, which can then be run on an agarose gel and will migrate according to their length rather than secondary structure etc. These gels work great and are an easier alternative to making formaldehyde gels when trying to separate large RNAs. Glyoxal reversibly reacts with guanine, adenine and cytidine bases in RNA preventing secondary structure formation. It is critical to maintain acidic pH (< 7.0), as the glyoxylation reaction is reversible in basic conditions. The glyoxal reagent is NorthernMax loading dye from Ambion. http://www.lifetechnologies.com/order/catalog/product/AM8551 There are two steps: pouring the agarose gel and glyoxylating the RNA to be loaded onto the gel. Note that the buffer for this is not TAE! Further note that the loading dye already has EtBR in it so staining is unnecessary, and do not add stain to the gel. References: http://link.springer.com/protocol/10.1385%2F0-89603-127-6%3A1 http://cshprotocols.cshlp.org/content/2006/1/pdb.rec328 RNA: A Laboratory Manual by Rio, Ares, Hannon and Nilsen (CSHP)
Seminavis robusta protocol collection v2
Authors: Tsypin Lev , Turkewitz Aaron
Published: June 2019

This is a collection of media, reagents, and protocols for the cultivation and manipulation of the diatom Seminavis robusta. Our hope is that these documents will help future researchers develop genetic tools for studying this organism.
In vitro transcription, capping, and 2'-O methylation of long RNAs v1
Authors: Floor Stephen
Published: June 2019

This protocol is for in vitro transcription of long RNAs off plasmid or PCR product templates. It is assumed that the template has been gel purified, is the right size, has a T7 promoter and a 3' polyA tail (typically A60). Following this protocol the RNA will be ready for transfection into mammalian cells or in vitro translation. Significant amounts of template are necessary: at least 1ug of template per 100ul reaction; ideally closer to 5ug of template, especially for very long templates. Use RNase sensitive protocols and reagents for all steps of this procedure. The basic protocol is: - PCR amplification of the template - in vitro transcription - capping and 2'-O-Methylation - quality control and optional purification Based on protocols from Kaihong Zhou (Doudna lab) and RNA: A Laboratory Manual (Rio, Ares, Hannon, Nilsen).
EFEKTIVITAS PENDIDIKAN GIZI MELALUI MEDIA VIDEO DALAM MENINGKATKAN PENGETAHUAN GIZI ANAK USIA DINI
Authors: Adawiyah Elya Robiatul , Kurniati Euis , Romadona Nur Faizah
Published: June 2019

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui efektivitas penggunaan media video dalam meningkatkan pengetahuan gizi anak usia 5-6 tahun. Penelitian ini menggunakan penelitian kuantitatif dengan metode quasi experimen. Sampel pada penelitian ini berjumlah 60 anak berusia 5-6 tahun yang berasal dari dua sekolah berbeda dalam satu kelurahan, yaitu kelurahan Teluk Pucung Bekasi Utara Kota Bekasi. 30 anak sebagai kelompok eksperimen berasal dari PAUD YAIZNA dan 30 anak sebagai kelompok kontrol berasal dari RA. Srikandi II. Data diuji secara statistik menggunakan uji statistik Mann-Whitney U. Hasil penelitian pada kelompok eksperimen diperoleh peserta didik yang berada pada kriteria sangat menguasai 87%, cukup menguasai 10%, dan belum menguasai 3%. Sementara data posttest pada kelompok kontrol diperoleh peserta didik yang berada pada kriteria sangat menguasai 53%, cukup menguasai 27%, dan belum menguasai 20%. Selanjutnya hasil uji statistik menggunakan uji Mann-Whitney U diperoleh nilai signifikansi (Sig. (2-tailed)) < 0.05. Berdasarkan hasil tersebut, dapat disimpulkan bahwa terdapat pengaruh signifikan dari penggunaan media video terhadap peningkatan pengetahuan gizi pada anak kelompok eksperimen.
PRODUKTIVITAS GURU SEKOLAH MENENGAH PERTAMA NEGERI KABUPATEN SUMEDANG
Authors: Anggia Reina , Kurniady Dedy Achmad
Published: June 2019

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui produktivitas guru Sekolah Menengah Pertama Negeri Kabupaten Sumedang. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode deskriptif dengan menggunakan data survey dan pendekatan kuantitatif. Instrumen yang digunakan berupa angket atau kuisioner. Hasil responden kemudian dikuantifikasi menggunakan skala Likert. Kuisoner meliputi aspek: (1) merencanakan pembelajaran; (2) melaksanakan pembelajaran; (3) menilai hasil pembelajaran; (4) membimbing dan melatih peserta didik; dan (5) melaksanakan tugas tambahan. Penelitian ini melibatkan 30 Kepala Sekolah yang terbagi ke dalam empat wilayah di Kabupaten Sumedang. Berdasakan persepsi responden, diketahui bahwa secara umum produktivitas guru berada pada kategori baik atau baik sekali pada kelima aspek. Sehingga daapat disimpulkan bahwa secara umum guru di kabupaten sumedang sudah melaksanakan tugas dan kewajibannya dengan baik.
PERANCANGAN PERMAINAN INTERAKTIF “GEOCACHING” SEBAGAI INOVASI BARU PEMBELAJARAN MATEMATIKA
Authors: Casnan Casnan , Mahpudin Asep , Fuadi Evan Farhan Wahyu
Published: June 2019

Perancangan permainan interaktif Geocaching pada pelajaran matematika bertujuan untuk mengembangkan media pembelajaran yang asik dan menyenangkan serta mempermudah memahami konsep koordinat kartesius. Studi ini menggunakan pendekatan penelitian dan pengembangan dengan tahapan penelitian (1) Pembuatan Konsep Permainan Interaktif “Geochacing” (2) Desain permainan interaktif “Geochacing”, (3) Perancangan permainan interaktif “Geochacing” untuk proses implementasi. Berdasarkan hasil analisis dan validasi dari ahli materi Permainan interaktif Geocaching sebagai inovasi baru pembelajaran matematika dapat digunakan sebagai media pembelajaran matematika dengan kejelasan isi materi yang baik, penggunaan bahasa yang sesuai dengan sasaran penggunaan, dan tingkat interaktif dengan siswa yang asik dan menyenangkan.
PENGARUH MODEL PEMBELAJARAN DAN MOTIVASI BELAJAR TERHADAP KETERAMPILAN BERMAIN BOLAVOLI DALAM PENDIDIKAN JASMANI
Authors: Ramadhan Riki , Ma’mun Amung , Mahendra Agus
Published: June 2019

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui apakah terdapat perbedaan keterampilan bermain bolavoli antara siswa yang memiliki motivasi belajar tinggi dan rendah dengan menggunakan model pembelajaran Personalized System for Instruction dan model pembelajaran Direct Instruction. Selain itu, penelitian bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi interaksi antara model pembelajaran dan motivasi belajar terhadap keterampilan bermain bolavoli. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode penelitian eksperimen dengan desain faktorial 2x2. Teknik pengumpulan data motivasi belajar siswa menggunakan kuisioner, sementara data keterampilan bermain bolavoli siswa menggunakan tes kinerja. Data dianalisis menggunakan uji anova dua jalur. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah siswa SMK swasta di Indramayu sebanyak 68 orang dengan sampel sebanyak 40 orang. Jumlah sampel ditentukan menggunakan rumus Taro Yamane dan teknik pengambilan sampel menggunakan simple random sampling. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan terdapat perbedaan keterampilan bermain bolavoli antara siswa yang memiliki motivasi belajar tinggi dan rendah dengan menggunakan model pembelajaran Personalized System for Instruction dan model pembelajaran Direct Instruction. Selain itu, terdapat interaksi antara model pembelajaran dan motivasi belajar terhadap keterampilan bermain bolavoli.
DIACHRONIC ASPECT OF PECULIARITIES IN PROSODY OF NEWSREEL AUDIO RECORDINGS
Authors: Biliuk Julia
Published: June 2019

The article is dedicated to a diachronic research of prosodic differences in style and delivery of information of English television discourse based on the news collection from the United Kingdom. In this research tonal, temporal and pausal features of prosody in news audio materials from different periods in the history of Great Britain are being compared. The first period represents years from 1936 to 1946, whilst the second period highlights present time news, namely 2009–2019. In order to have clearer picture news whith common theme were chosen, in particular, news which are related to the Britishroyal family. Initial sentence serves as the object of the analysis as vitally important one in informative outline, since it presents the main idea of the message. For the diachronic analysis of differences in the prosody of television discourse 30 sentences of the first group and 30 sentences of the second group were selected. The tempo is taken into consideration in the first place, then the following prosodic characteristics such as the pause and frequency of the main tone are being viewed. To identify correlations between prosodic parameters, which can be traced by perceptual observation and acoustic analysis of a collection of digitally recorded samples of television discourse sentences in diachronic comparison, a software for the phonetic speech research – Praat was used. Measurements indicate significant changes in the prosodic characteristics of a selected linguistic material from different periods of time, namely, changes in pitch configurations as well as a decrease in the speech rate and in the number of pauses in selected audio recordings of present news in comparison with the newsreels from 1936–1946 s.
SPANISH AND UKRAINIAN SYNTACTIC TYPE (SIMILARITIES AND DIFFERENCES)
Authors:   Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Kyiv, Ukraine, Korbozerova Nina
Published: June 2019

The Indo-European syntactic system is very stable. This explains the fact that the Spanish and the Ukrainian, originating from a unique linguistic base, in their syntactic structure have a considerable number of common features. The syntactic similarity of comparative languages is manifested of the group of words, sentences and their elements. According to the classification criteria in the languages above mentioned there are a lot of syntactic similarities: are distinguished similar sentence members which are expressed by similar morphological modes. In both languages the order of the words in the sentence are very similar too. Both investigated languages are characterized by the common modes of expression of syntactic relationships and by similar links in word groups. The structure of simple and compound sentences also seems in both languages. Also there are simple and compound sentences, which are subdivided into coordinated and subordinated ones. On the other hand, each of the compared languages has its own distinctive features of the formal, semantic and functional deep level, which is explained by the specific national character of each of the studied languages. In the comparative languages, the group of words, as a succession of two or more significant words linked semantically and grammatically, represents the complex denomination of the phenomena of the reality. It is one of the very important syntactic units, with which we can build the sentences. In both languages there are a lot of isomorphic characters referring to groups of words. In relation to the degree of fusion of its components, the groups of words can be free or fixed. Thus in the groups of free words the lexical meanings of their constituents are conserved. They differ from the fixed ones whose components lose their lexical dependence. The fixed groups are divided into the dependents syntactically and phraseologically. In the comparative languages, the dependent groups syntactically perform a unique syntactic function. They do not split, one of its components is relaxed lexically. The complex character of groups of words can be achieved isomorphically in a similar way: by the amplification of the simple group with a dependent word, by the unification of the nucleus by a simple dependent group, by means of two grammatically dependent elements, by the extension of the direct object.
PRIMARY CORRECTION OF ENGLISH PRONUNCIATION IN AN RNGLISH TEACHERS' TRAINING HIGHER EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTION
Authors:   Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Kyiv, Ukraine, Nesterenko Natalia
Published: June 2019

Due to the significant growth of the role of English in the modern world, the need to improve the pronunciation of English is becoming urgent, which has not been given enough attention to for a long time. All language lessons of the first semester of the first year of specialized education are currently devoted to grammar and conversational topics, without taking into account the need for correction of an existing pronunciation acquired in school. The article proposes some changes to the first-year program, without which the problem of correcting English pronunciation will remain unbearable. The first acquaintance with the language takes place at the phonetic level, therefore one of the main tasks for the teacher is the formation of the student's skills of correct pronunciation. The pronunciation is a kind of "business card", which is primarily paid attention to when communicating, this is the purity and correctness of speech. Without paying due attention from the start, the articulation organs get accustomed to the wrong pronunciation. Later it is problematic to correct errors and improve the pronunciation, and speaking as a whole will remain non-English. In addition, instruction in pronunciation is an obligatory element of linguistic education, since without it it is impossible to master all types of speech activity in a foreign language. In English, pronunciation plays one of the most important roles, but unfortunately the correct English pronunciation is rarely encountered even among university teachers, many of whom prefer other aspects - for example, grammar or translation. The task of mastering the correct pronunciation is so complex and multifaceted that even after learning the main issues, one cannot assume that mastering pronunciation is the goal achieved. In order to achieve success, all the training time of the first half of the first semester should be devoted only to the mastery of English sounds, with the restriction of the "Speech" mode, which at this stage does not allow speaking English until the final stage of mastering the corrected pronunciation is reached and to a score from the phonetic correction course.
Halkla İlişkiler mi Kurumsal İletişim mi? Akademiden Uygulamaya Kavram Tartışmaları
Authors: ÖKSÜZ Burcu , GÖRPE Serra
Published: June 2019

Bu çalışmanın amacı, ülkemizde halkla ilişkiler ve kurumsal iletişim arasındaki kavram tartışmalarını akademisyen ve uygulayıcı bakış açısıyla ortaya koyarak, ilgili mevcut literatür ve uygulamaya katkı sağlamaktır. Bu kapsamda İstanbul ve İzmir şehirlerinde çalışan ve çeşitli sektörleri temsil eden halkla ilişkiler-kurumsal iletişim uygulayıcılarıyla ve üniversitelerde görev yapan akademisyenlerle yarı yapılandırılmış görüşmeler yapılmıştır. Çalışmada halkla ilişkiler ve kurumsal iletişim kavramlarının nasıl değerlendirildiği, farklılıkların ve benzerliklerin ne olduğu, söz konusu kavramların nasıl tanımlandığı, hangi kavramın tercih edildiği, başarının nasıl tanımlandığı ve başarıyı etkileyen faktörler açısından veriler elde edilmiştir. Araştırmaya katılan uygulayıcıların tamamı kurumsal iletişim kavramını tercih etmektedirler. Bu tercihin nedenleri arasında kurumsal iletişimi daha kapsayıcı olarak görmeleri, işletme işlevine daha yakın olması ve üst yönetimden daha fazla destek görmesi yer almaktadır. Bunların yanı sıra halkla ilişkilerin tarihinden gelen olumsuzluklar da kurumsal iletişimin tercih edilmesine neden olmaktadır. Ancak akademisyenler, kurumsal iletişimi uygulayıcılar kadar tercih etmemektedir. Halkla ilişkiler kavramını tercih eden akademisyenler, bu tercihin nedenlerini halkla ilişkiler kavramının “kamu”yu içermesi ve paydaşlarını ekonomik birim olarak görmemesi olarak açıklamaktadır. Çoğu katılımcı, uygulamalara bakıldığında iki kavram arasında belirgin bir farktan söz edememektedir. Genel olarak kurumsal iletişim ve halkla ilişkilerde başarı benzer şekilde açıklanmıştır. Uygulayıcıların benzer niteliklere sahip olması gerektiğinden söz edilmiş ancak bazı katılımcılar, kurumsal iletişim uygulayıcılarının işletme nosyonuna daha fazla hâkim olması gerektiğini vurgulamışlardır. Çalışma halkla ilişkiler eğitimi açısından da değerlendirilmiştir
Çok Ölçütlü Karar Verme Yöntemleriyle Hayırsever Kuruluşlarında Verimlilik Analizi
Authors: ÖZBEK Aşır
Published: June 2019

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Kâr amacı güden işletmeler gibi sosyal alanlarda hizmet veren Sivil Toplum Kuruluşları da (STK) hizmetlerinin kesintisiz olarak devam etmesi için sürekli olarak kendilerini yenilemeli ve geliştirmelidir. Bu iyileştirme ve dönüşüm sürecini ciddiye alan kuruluşlar, verdikleri hizmetlerde belirli bir standarda ulaşmakta ve faaliyetlerini uzun süre devam ettirebilmektedir. Diğer taraftan kendilerini sürekli olarak iyileştirmeyi önemsemeyen kuruluşlar ise bağışçılarının kendilerine verdiği katkıyı verimli olarak kullanamadıklarından dolayı zamanla gelir kaybına uğramakta ve devamlılıklarını sürdürmekte zorluklarla karşılaşmaktadır. Bu nedenlerden dolayı STK’lar da kâr amacı güden işletmeler gibi verimli ve etkin çalışmak durumundadır. STK’lar belirli aralıklarla verimlilik analizi yaparak mevcut durumlarını kontrol etmeli ve bu doğrultuda gerekli yapısal ve stratejik kararları zaman geçirmeden almaları gerekmektedir. 
Bu çalışma ile 2004 yılından itibaren Kırıkkale’de sosyal alanlarda özelliklede hayır işlerinde hizmet veren «Beşinci Mevsim Yardım Derneğinin» 2005-2014 yılları arasındaki verimliliği analiz edilmiştir. Model iki farklı yöntemin entegre olarak uygulanmasını ve sonuçların karşılaştırılmasını öngörmektedir. Bu yöntemler; Veri Zarflama Analizi (VZA) ve Efficiency Analysis Technique With Output Satisficing (EATWOS) tekniklerini 
içermektedir. Modelde kullanılan girdi ve çıktı faktörlerinin ağırlıkları puanlama tekniği ile elde edilmiştir. Modelin ilgili STK’ya uygulanması neticesinde 2007 ve 2011 yıllarındaki faaliyetlerin diğer yıllara göre daha az verimli geçtiğini söylemek mümkündür 
What are the Main Determinants of Renewable Energy Consumption? A Panel Threshold Regression Approach
Authors: AKARSU Gülsüm , KORUCU GÜMÜŞOĞLU Nebile
Published: June 2019

Because of severe environmental impacts associated with the use of conventional energy sources, most of the countries attempt to decarbonize their energy sector by increasing share of renewable energy in their total energy consumption which also reduces their energy import dependency. Therefore, this study aims to understand the determinants of renewable energy consumption for 58 countries over the period from 1990 to 2012. The period and number of countries are determined based on the data availability for all the variables. For example, data on total greenhouse gas emissions is available only up to 2012. Analysis is based on a panel threshold regression model to find out asymmetric behavior of renewable energy consumption. The model explains renewable energy consumption by various economic factors in a nonlinear framework. Different effects of these factors are expected under different economic regimes characterized by income level. Results show that for real GDP per capita lower than 1527.977 US$, signs, statistical significance and magnitude of coefficients on some variables differ tremendously compared to the upper regime verifying the asymmetric relationship. Therefore, one can conclude that determinants of renewable energy consumption differ across countries and time based on the real GDP per capita level.
Comparison of metabolic effects of glimepride and sitagliptin with metformin in patients suffering from type 2 diabetes mellitus in a tertiary care hospital
Authors: Singh Preeti , Choudhary Ruchi , Singh V. K. , Matreja Prithpal S.
Published: June 2019

Background: Diabetes mellitus (DM) is one of the major causes of mortality & morbidity, and patient’s with better control of glycaemic parameters have lesser chronic complications associated with it. Though monotherapy with metformin is first choice for T2DM but is effective in less than 50% of patient and they should be managed with two drug therapy. Both Glimepiride and Sitagliptin are effective with metformin but there has been no study done in this region hence, we planned to study comparison of effects of glimepiride and sitagliptin with metformin in patient of T2DM.Methods: This prospective, open-label, randomized study was done in all patient diagnosed with T2DM, not adequately managed by metformin alone. The patient was divided into two group G (Glimepiride with Metformin) and Group S (Sitagliptin with Metformin) and had a follow up at 3 and 6 months. The biochemical parameters were assessed at 12 weeks and 24 weeks.Results: The result of this study show that both glimepiride and sitagliptin with metformin significantly (p<0.05) lowered both the fasting blood sugar as well as postprandial blood glucose at 3 and 6 months. Glimepiride was more effective in lowering (p<0.05) the plasma glucose at 3 months but both the drugs had comparable result at 6 months. This study also showed that glycosylated haemoglobin was lowered in both groups at three and six months as compared to Day 0 (p<0.05), with glimepiride having better control of glycosylated haemoglobin at 3 months with both groups having comparable result at 6 months.Conclusions: To conclude, this study compared effects of sitagliptin and glimepiride on glycaemic parameters in patients of T2DM and found that both drugs had comparable results.
Study of drug prescription pattern in ischemic heart disease patients
Authors: Sawant Mahadeo P. , Padwal Sudhir L. , Jadhav Rakesh R. , Pise Harshal N. , Shinde Rucha
Published: June 2019

Background: Drug utilization pattern studies helps to screen, assess and propose appropriate modifications in prescription practices, this would help to make patient care rational and cost effective. Study was intended to analyse the drug prescribing pattern for treatment of Ischemic heart disease using WHO indicators.Methods: This is a cross sectional observational study conducted on ischemic heart disease patients admitted at inpatient department of medicine in a tertiary care teaching hospital. The study consisted of analysis of drug utilization pattern of prescribed drugs.Results: IHD was more commonly seen in males (70.06%) than females (29.94%). IHD was most commonly seen in patients of age group of 61-70 year. Drugs prescribed to patients belong to various therapeutic classes ranging from anti-platelets, anticoagulants, anti-anginal, antithrombin, thrombolytic, hypolipidemics. The most commonly prescribed therapeutic class of drugs was antiplatelet (86.26%) followed by hypolipidemic (82.25%) and ACE inhibitors drugs (46.60%). Average number of drugs per encounter was 7.70. Drugs were prescribed by their generic names were 29.99%. Out of total study group 22.06% patients were prescribed at least one antibiotic. Injections were prescribed only in 1392 (27.86%) out of 4995 drugs. Of total drugs 3270 (65.45%) of drugs were from National List of Essential Medicines-2016 (NLEM -2016) and 2774 (55.53%) drugs prescribed were from WHO-EML-2016.Conclusions: Risk of artery disease increased with increasing age. IHD was more common in males than females. The most commonly prescribed drug classes in Ischemic heart disease were anti-platelet drugs followed by hypolipidemic agents.
Study of drug utilization in cardiovascular emergency at a rural teaching hospital in Tamilnadu, India
Authors: Fardan Mohammed , Manjari S. , Periasamy S.
Published: June 2019

Background: Cardiovascular disease is a common term which encompasses a range of disorders that affect the heart. Cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of death among men and women in India and across the globe. There is evidence of irrational drug use in cardiovascular disorders. Drug utilization study is used to evaluate the rationality of medication use. The objective of this study was to observe the most frequently treated emergency cardiovascular diseases and to study the prescribing pattern among inpatients admitted in CICU Unit of tertiary care teaching hospital.Methods: A retrospective, observational drug utilization study was designed to evaluate the drug prescribing pattern in cardiovascular emergency patients admitted in CICU unit of tertiary care teaching hospital. Study was carried out for a duration of 4 months. Data were collected from patient case reports after getting permission from Medical superintendent of hospital. Prescribing pattern of drugs were studied based on WHO indicators.Results: Total 150 patients were included in the study. Most common cardiovascular emergency reported was Myocardial infarction (60.66%) followed by Angina pectoris (24.66%). The most common comorbidities found along with cardiovascular emergency were hypertension (62.66%) followed by Diabetes mellitus (15.33%). Most prescribed cardiovascular drugs were from the category of hypolipidemics (94.66%) and anti-platelets (92.66%). Average number of drugs per prescription was found to be 9.42. Average hospital stay per patient was found to be 4.25 days. Percentage of drugs prescribed by generic name was 70.66%. Percentage of drugs prescribed from essential drug list and National list of essential medicines were 87.4% and 97.23% respectively.Conclusions: All the drugs prescribed were according to the current guidelines. Majority of the drugs were prescribed in generic form.
Evaluation of pharmacovigilance concepts among healthcare professionals in Davangere, Karnataka, India
Authors: Shastry Shashank , M. Santhosh Kumar
Published: June 2019

Background: Adverse drug reactions are one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Timely detection and reporting of adverse drug events through pharmacovigilance is the best tool we have to prevent adverse drug reaction. One of the major reasons for underutilization of pharmacovigilance in India is deficit in awareness, attitude and practice of pharmacovigilance. The objective of this study was to assess these parameters among healthcare professionals in our hospital.Methods: 200 health care professionals (post graduate students, undergraduate students, interns and nurses) took part in the study. A pre-designed questionnaire structured to obtain information on pharmacovigilance was used for evaluation. Questionnaire also enquired on factors that deter respondents from reporting.Results: Among undergraduates, the satisfactory responses for knowledge, awareness and practice of pharmacovigilance were 12%, 72% and 42% respectively and for postgraduates it was 52%, 48% and 26% respectively. For interns it was 4%, 38% and 8 % respectively and nurses 8%, 18% and 26% respectively. Only 1% of undergraduates and 14% of postgraduates showed satisfactory responses to all three categories evaluated. Undergraduate students had a significantly higher awareness scores among the categories (p<0.05). When it comes to knowledge and practice there was not much differences between groups. Lack of time to report was the most cited factor across all categories discouraging reporting.Conclusions: Results are encouraging among undergraduate students, but not significantly better than postgraduates. The poor performance among interns and nurses is due to lack of awareness. A strong basic foundation course regarding pharmacovigilance in academics will help in effective implementation of pharmacovigilance.
A questionnaire base survey on the knowledge, attitude and practices about antimicrobial resistance and usage among the faculty and resident doctor of teaching tertiary care hospital, Chittoor, India
Authors: G. Vishnu Priya , Gorle Sankara Babu , P. Madhav
Published: June 2019

Background: 10million could die every year due to antibiotic resistant infections by 2050 unless the threat is addressed. Irrational use of antibiotic use is a global phenomenon. So, 50% all anti bionics are prescribed, sold are dispensed inappropriately, while 50% of patients are not taking antibiotics correctly (WHO 2004).Methods: This was a cross section study it was a conducted in RVS institute, tertiary care teaching hospital. Chittoor. The questionnaire was distributed along the faculty resident doctors and senior faculty of this RVS institute Where their knowledge, attitude, practice regarding antibiotic prescription and resistance was assessed by a five point likert scale, whose response ranged from strongly agree to disagree. Some questionnaire were of useful or nor useful and yes or no.Results: Irrational prescription of antibiotics is worldwide problem and also in India was known to most of the physicians in our institute (n=95%) of participants. 80% subjects answered that prescription writing influenced by senior faculty and medical representatives. 50% subjects answered that antimicrobial resistance is a problem in daily practice.80 % subjects answered that most of the antibiotics available as over the counter drugs (OTC).Conclusions: This study concludes, prescription writing influences by senior faculty and medical representatives. It’s important to monitor and auditing prescription writing based on WHO Antibiotic guidelines to prevent resistance. Strict vigilance of OTC sales of antibiotics to prevent resistance.
Anxious medico with nicotine patch: a case report
Authors: K. Jayanthi M. , M. Satish A. , Raj Ranjith , A. Priyanka C.
Published: June 2019

We often suffer more in our imaginations than in reality. Anxiety is a terrible experience, you could even have an attack and no one would even know most of the times because it is an inward thing. People do get anxious and experience this feeling most of the times in life. Up to an extent its normal as much as it can be controlled if not this unpleasant feeling overrules. We learn to combat this feeling as the age passes but it also depends on different environmental, social occupational factors and the level of stress to overcome can be difficult. Many non-pharmacological and pharmacological methods are available to combat anxiety disorder. Self-medications can be occupational hazard and is strongly entrenched within the culture of both physicians and medical students as an accepted way to buffer their work performance. We are reporting a case of an anxious medico self-medicated to combat anxiety.
O REFORÇAMENTO DA COOPERAÇÃO ENTRE CRIANÇAS
Authors: Azrin Nathan H. , Lindsley Ogden R.
Published: June 2019

O REFORÇAMENTO DA COOPERAÇÃO ENTRE CRIANÇAS
Justicia administrativa y el derecho a la tutela jurisdiccional efectiva
Authors: Camacho Cépeda Gladys
Published: June 2019

El trabajo plantea que la institucionalidad vigente en materia de justicia administrativa no resuelve adecuadamente las controversias con la Administración pública garantizando los derechos de las personas, lo que ocasiona un trato discriminatorio en el acceso a la justicia y afecta el correcto funcionamiento del Estado de derecho. No existe un mecanismo general que conozca de los litigios en los que es parte la Administración pública o se debatan materias reguladas por el derecho administrativo; en su lugar, han proliferado tribunales administrativos con funciones jurisdiccionales limitadas, justificadas en razones de especialidad. En consecuencia, aún es necesario sentar las bases para un sistema de justicia administrativa que garantice un control jurisdiccional de la Administración pleno e igualitario.
La psicoterapia como una construcción conjunta del principio de realidad. Un acercamiento a los principios constituyentes de una terapia posmoderna
Authors: Pacheco Cristobal , Fossa Pablo
Published: June 2019

El desarrollo de una intervención psicoterapéutica, compromete un encuentro interaccional, caracterizado por la necesaria conjunción de multiversos que convergen en una esfera dialógica asociada a la resolución de una problemática o consecución de objetivos por parte de la figura consultante. Es en esta interacción dialógica, donde surgen las dudas relativas a si la psicoterapia, responde a un encuentro de miradas o bien, a una co-construcción del principio de realidad entre terapeuta y consultante, miradas que representan un posible descarte o complementariedad en su propia constitución. La percepción de una postura posmoderna en psicoterapia, plantea la necesidad de establecer una posición activa respecto a la presente temática, en cuanto a la definición propia del rol del terapeuta, nutrido de una respectiva visión ontológica que repercuta de manera directa en la constitución de un trabajo de interacción discursiva, orientada hacia un propósito metódico y orientativo que configura los quehaceres de los participantes, como elementos en continuo desarrollo más no en una respectiva predefinición. El Presente artículo tiene como objetivo desarrollar una propuesta de modelo de integración comunicativa, resultando una oportunidad de convergencia en el encuentro de universos desde una dimensión lingüística de interacción en el desarrollo de un proceso psicoterapéutico.
INDONESIAN GLOBAL IKHWAN’S RECEPTION AND EXPRESSION TOWARD SUNNAH POLYGAMY IN ONLINE MEDIA
Authors: Ahmadi Rizqa , Hefni Wildani , Mutrofin Mutrofin
Published: June 2019

Evidence of the strength of Indonesian Muslim relations with the text tradition can be found in various practices of daily life. The text referred to in this paper is religious texts, especially hadith. Each group in the community has an expression of diverse receptions to a text. Global Ikhwan, one of the urban Muslim communities in Indonesia which declares the call for polygamy, reveals interesting receptions and expressions to be explored. With a virtual ethnographic approach (netnography), the authors find that they perceive hadith exegesis. The group interpreted the command of polygamy with a more realistic interpretation. They perceive the command of polygamy in the hadith with the meaning of sunnah matrûkah (abandoned sunnah), which is not done by many Muslims. Their expressions are manifested in organizing a short course, coaching for prospective wives who are ready for polygamy, publications, and declarations to various media. If viewed from the aspect of the reception function of the text, the traditions that are receptions are categorized into informative functions, which function as sources of information for carrying out an action.
Colorimetric Detection of Hg(II) Ion Using Silver Nanoparticles Capped with 3-Hydroxybenzoic Acid
Authors: Gusrizal Gusrizal , Alimuddin Andi Hairil , Sapar Ajuk , Ridwan Rizki Noviani , Santosa Sri Juari
Published: June 2019

In this paper, we report for the first time thesimple method for detection of Hg(II) ion in anaqueousmedium using silver nanoparticles capped with 3-hydroxybenzoic acid. Silver nanoparticles capped with 3-hydroxybenzoic acid were preparedby reduction of the silver ion with 3-hydroxybenzoic acid and without surface functionalization. The formation of silver nanoparticles was characterized by a UV-Visible spectrophotometer. The yellowcolloid of prepared silver nanoparticles capped with 3-hydroxybenzoic acid showed a surface plasmon resonance peak at 420 nm. The ability of silver nanoparticles capped with 3-hydroxybenzoic acid in detection was tested by doing a reaction with several metal ions individually(Na(I), K(I), Cu(II), Zn(II), Ca(II), Mg(II), Hg(II), Mn(II), Ni(II), Pb(II), and Co(II)). It was foundthat silver nanoparticles capped with 3-hydroxybenzoic acid highly selective toHg(II) and then the prepared silver nanoparticles were developedfor detection of Hg(II) ion. Addition of 1 mL Hg(II) ion into 4mL the as-preparedsilver nanoparticles reducedthe peak of surface plasmon resonance spectra, andthe reduction of peak intensity was proportional to the concentration of Hg(II) ion. A goodlinear relationship (R2= 0.998) between absorbance at 420 nm and concentrationof Hg(II) over the range 1.0x10-3to 5.5x10-3M was obtained. Silver nanoparticles capped with 3-hydroxybenzoic acid were highly sensitive to Hg (II) ion with the detection limit down to 4.7x10-5M. Application the method to the real water sample showed the excellentresult with recovery ranged from 98 to 101%. The proposed method was found to be useful forthe colorimetric detection of Hg(II) ion in an aqueousmedium.
Environmental surveillance of norovirus and hepatitis A virus in raw oysters at seafood retails in Sinaloa, Mexico: detection of GII.P13 norovirus genotype
Authors: Villicaña Claudia , Amarillas Luis , Cota-Álvarez América , León-Félix Josefina , Gómez-Gil Bruno
Published: June 2019

Background
Norovirus (NoV) and hepatitis A virus (HAV) have emerged as the leading agents of non-bacterial acute gastroenteritis and hepatitis, respectively, primarily associated to food-borne outbreaks followed by the consumption of seafood. In Mexico, little is known about the molecular epidemiology of NoV and HAV, and a few studies have reported their presence in aquatic environments. In Sinaloa, the pleasure oyster (Crassostrea cortiziensis, Hertlein) is one of the main species consumed at seafood retails; however, information about the presence and genetic diversity of NoV and HAV is lacking. The aim of the present study was to investigate the prevalence and molecular diversity of NoV and HAV in raw pleasure oysters expended at seafood retails in Sinaloa, Mexico.

Methods
A total of 68 samples were collected at several seafood retails at four periods: Period 1 (October-November, 2010); Period 2 (December 2010-January 2011); Period 3 (March-April, 2011); and Period 4 (May, 2011). These oyster samples were tested for the presence of NoV and HAV by retrotranscription (RT)-nested PCR and RT-PCR, respectively. Enumeration of fecal coliforms was also conducted. In addition, an analysis of Binary Logistic Regression (BLR) was performed to determine a possible correlation of these enteric viruses with the presence of fecal coliforms and environmental temperature.

Results
Overall, NoV was detected in 57.3% of the 68 samples showing the highest occurrence (11/13) during Period 1 (October-November, 2010). No HAV-positive samples were detected. Fecal coliforms were more frequently detected (16/20) on Period 4 (May, 2011). A significant negative correlation between NoV and fecal coliforms was observed. A total of 28 sequences were obtained from NoV amplicons and surprisingly, phylogenetic analysis showed that all NoV sequences obtained from oysters belonged to GII.P13 genotype.

Conclusions
The results indicated that raw oysters expended at seafood retails are potential sources of human infection due to the presence of NoV, which interestingly were represented only by GII.P13 genotype. This is the first report confirming the presence of GII.P13 in Mexico, which may contribute with the better understanding of NoV genetic diversity and epidemiology.
Effects of paternal alcoholism on the psycho-behavioral outcomes of children: systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Mahesh PKB , Leung Janni , Senanayake S.J. , Kumarapeli Vindya , Ferdinando Ruwan , McLaughlin Deirdre
Published: June 2019

Introduction:
Documented literature includes mixed interpretations of the impact of paternal alcoholism on psycho-behavioral well-being in children. A systematic review and a meta-analysis would facilitate the accurate establishment of this association.

Aim:
To evaluate the effects of paternal alcoholism on the psycho-behavioral well-being of children by a systematic review with a meta-analysis and a narrative review component

Methods: This PROPERO registered review (CRD42018114754) was conducted by reviewing searching literature in MEDLINE, EMBASE and PsycINFO databases. Twenty nine articles out of 16398 were selected for data extraction after three selection rounds. Thirteen were included in the meta-analyses for four numerical outcomes and two categorical outcomes. Meta-analysis outcomes included; internalizing behavior, externalizing behavior, depression and anxiety. Heterogeneity, risk of biases and the quality of evidence were assessed. Sensitivity analysis was done by re-analyzing with random-model assumption following the fixed model assumption. Furthermore re-analysis with standardized mean difference was done following the analysis with mean difference. Rev Man (version 5.3) software and “GRADEproGDT” online applications were used. Summary of Findings Tables were prepared. A narrative review was done with studies and sub-groups not included in the meta-analysis, under five identified themes: depression and mood disorders; self-perceived mental health problems and personality; aggression; ADHD and other problems.

Results: With meta-analysis, all four numerical outcomes for demonstrated significant mean differences (MD) with higher values in the group with paternal alcoholism. “Low” level was assigned as the GRADE certainty. For the anxiety when it is regarded as a categorical outcome, the resulting relative effect was significant (OR=2.18, 95% CI= 2.03 to 2.33) with “Moderate” certainty. In sensitivity analysis, associations of similar directions were observed. Narrative review reflected other negative psycho-behavioral consequences of children associated with paternal alcoholism, falling under the five identified themes.

Conclusions:
Robust findings were observed for the positive associations of paternal alcoholism with the selected psycho-behavioral pathologies of children in the meta-analysis. The narrative review further demonstrated negative implications of paternal alcoholism on five identified thematic areas.
Impact of a Rapid Molecular Diagnostic Test for the Identification of Bloodstream Infections in Intensive Care Units: Experience from a Developing Country
Authors: Salcedo Sergio Reyes , Hernández-Gómez Cristhian , Pallares Christian , Salcedo Soraya , Valderrama-Beltrán Sandra , Ordóñez Karen , Correa Adriana , Villegas María V.
Published: June 2019

Background

Rapid diagnostics have been demonstrated to be a crucial component of antimicrobial stewardship programs. However, most of the studies have been conducted in developed countries where health-care facilities have 24/7 microbiology laboratories. Colombia is an example of a developing country with limited resources in which hospitals are not able to implement a 24/7 model and samples are usually processed once a day. Here, we compared time to pathogen identification by QuickFISH® with conventional cultures and its effect on decrease duration of therapy in critical patients.

Methods

A multicenter, ambispective cohort study was conducted in four high-complexity ICU hospitals between 2016-2017. Adult patients admitted to the ICU with positive blood cultures and signs of systemic inflammatory response syndrome were included in the study. Patients with bloodstream infections identified by either QuickFISH® or PNA FISH® were observed prospectively and compared with those patients with bloodstream infections identified by conventional blood cultures alone who were analyzed retrospectively. Duration of treatment, time to final reports and survival rate were compared between the two groups. Additionally, the performance of the molecular test was compared with the conventional blood culture.

Results

A total of 153 patients were included in the study. Among them, 72 (47%) were in the QuickFISH® / PNA FISH® group and 81 (53%) in the conventional blood culture group. 87% of the patients had a bacteria identified (n=133) and 13% (n=20) a candida. QuickFISH® / PNA FISH® had 96% (89%-100%) concordance with blood culture. The microbiological identification report was 26 hours faster in the QuickFISH® group than in blood culture group (29 hours vs. 55 hours; p = 0.0001). The duration of antimicrobial therapy was 3.2 days shorter in the QuickFISH® group compared to the BC group (13.7 days vs. 16.9 days; p = 0.026).

Conclusions

Molecular diagnostic methods such as QuickFISH® reduce the time to final reports as well as the duration of therapy in ICU patients with bloodstream infections. Despite having more impact in 24/7 laboratories, QuickFISH® methods may be a promising diagnostic tool in developing countries if incorporated with antimicrobial stewardship programs.