bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
What Non-Muslims Say About Halal-Certified Products?
Authors: Annisa Arna Asna , Hartiningsih Sepia , Kholifah Siti , Rahmawati Fatimah , Iskandar Iskandar
Published: March 2023

The growth of the halal industry can be influenced by consumer behavior towards purchasing decisions for halal products. On the other hand, people's halal consumption patterns are influenced by halal literacy in heterogeneous societies. This study aims to find out how the attitudes of non-Muslim communities in Salatiga City regarding halal-certified products. The research method used is a qualitative method and is descriptive. The sample for this research was taken from 5 non-Muslim residents in the City of Salatiga who represented Catholicism, Protestant Christianity, Hinduism, Buddhism and Confucianism. This field research was carried out by asking questions through interviews with informants. The results of the study showed that the interviewees stated that they strongly agreed to choose halal-certified products, chose useful products and considered halal-certified products to be products with guaranteed quality and cleanliness. The resource person is neutral in feeling anxious when not consuming halal-certified products, and in choosing products that are not halal-certified. The concern of resource persons for halal-certified products is general in nature, each resource person has many considerations. Based on the research results, this can be used as a recommendation for halal literacy policies for heterogeneous communities. with a socio-cultural approach
Evaluation of nature-based solutions for flood risk management in the Oitavén-Verdugo River Basin (NW Spain)
Authors: Acuña Alonso Carolina , Portabales Lucia Martínez , Valero Enrique , Álvarez Xana
Published: March 2023

Floods are recurrent phenomena with significant environmental and socio-economic impacts. The risk of flooding can increase when land use changes. The objective of this research has been to obtain an integrative methodology based on the development of a model in HEC-HMS, calibrated and validated from events between 2018 and 2022, and to apply simulations employing the use of Nature-Based Solutions (NbS) tools. This model has been applied in Verdugo-Oitavén River Basin (NW Spain). Three different scenarios propose (1) the reforestation of 30% of abandoned agricultural land across the basin, (2) reforestation upstream (S-Upstream), and (3) reforestation in two sub-basins (S-Downstream). Upstream afforestation provided a similar reduction to catchment-wide afforestation for both peak discharge and hydrograph volumes. The S-Upstream simulation reaches peak reductions of 8%, but this percentage decreases when precipitation events are long lasting, reaching a reduction of 3.3% for events of 5 days or more. On the other hand, downstream reforestation has minimal effect (1%) in reducing maximum discharge of events. The use of NbS-based strategies would improve integrated watershed management, reduce flood risk, and improve environmental governance.
Intensified regulation of large reservoirs accelerates river ecohydrological regime transition: based on the long–short-term memory model
Authors: Guo Wenxian , Yang Huan , Ma Yinchu , Hong Fengtian , Wang Hongxiang
Published: March 2023

Although previous studies have analyzed ecohydrological changes, external pressure sources on the ecohydrological regime have rarely been clarified, and knowledge about the individual impacts of large reservoir regulation is still insufficient. In this study, we reconstructed the natural flow in the middle reaches of the Yangtze River (MRYR) not regulated by the Three Gorges Reservoir (TGR) based on a long–short-term memory model. We then evaluated the dynamics of ecohydrological regimes using environmental flow components and ecohydrological risk indicators and quantified the impacts of the TGR. The results showed that the hydrological stability has increased after TGR construction, with significant decreases in the frequency and duration of extremely low-flows, large floods, and small floods. In addition, there is a high ecohydrological risk in the MRYR, with a higher ecodeficit and showing a continuous upward trend. The impact of the TGR on environmental flow components decreases along the river, averaging 42.1%, with the strongest impact on small floods, accounting for 56.2%. Overall, reservoir regulation has counteracted the increased eco-risk caused by climate change. Considering only the TGR, the ecosurplus in the spring and winter seasons increased, while the ecodeficit increased in the autumn season, with corresponding contribution rates of 81.4, 82.7, and 53.1%, respectively.
ESTUDO PROSPECTIVO DE PATENTES E SOFTWARES SOBRE ACESSIBILIDADE DIGITAL
Authors: Maclaine da Graça Sirley , Camargo Maria Emilia , Marina Bezerra da Silva Marina
Published: March 2023

Este artigo consiste em uma prospecção tecnológica de depósitos das patentes sobre acessibilidade digital disponibilizados no Brasil e no mundo. Objetiva realizar um mapeamento das patentes encontradas sobre acessibilidade digital nas bases nacional e internacional no intuito de compreender a produção nessa área. Utilizou-se os pedidos de depósito em duas bases de patentes: âmbito nacional – Instituto Nacional da Propriedade Intelectual (INPI) e âmbito internacional – Espacenet (EPO). Os resultados indicaram os Estados Unidos, República da Coreia, Rússia e Japão como os países que mais investem em P&D em termos de patentes sustentáveis. Sobre o Brasil, observou-se que apesar das normas gerais de acessibilidade, e do e-MAG, ainda se encontra longe da produção de outros países. Nas duas bases de dados tecnológicos mapeados destacam-se as patentes que tratam sobre processamento elétrico de dados digitais, evidenciando-se que acessibilidade digital no país é um campo aberto ao estímulo e desenvolvimento da acessibilidade digital nos portais da transparência.
INFLUÊNCIA DOS INVESTIMENTOS PÚBLICOS ESTADUAIS EM CIÊNCIA, TECNOLOGIA E INOVAÇÃO NO DESENVOLVIMENTO REGIONAL
Authors: Setton Gonçalves Bruno
Published: March 2023

Os investimentos em Ciência, Tecnologia e Inovação (CT&I) são importantes para o aumento da competitividade econômica e para a escolha do processo de desenvolvimento. O presente artigo aborda a influência dos investimentos públicos estaduais em CT&I no desenvolvimento regional. Para tal foi utilizado um modelo econométrico de análise em painel com dados no período de 2000 a 2012, com 13 observações anuais para as variáveis de cada unidade federativa, uma proxy para crescimento econômico foi utilizada como variável dependente, como variáveis explicativas foram utilizados o valor do dispêndio público em Pesquisa e Desenvolvimento (P&D) de cada estado (DISP) e a proxy para inovação, representada por um indicador estadual de ciência e tecnologia, além das variáveis de controle capital humano (KH), a população de cada um dos estados brasileiros (POP) e uma Dummy para mitigar os efeitos do outliers. Por intermédio da estimação do modelo de dados em painel foi possível comprovar a hipótese de que o investimento público estadual em P&D é condição necessária para gerar inovação posterior no setor privado e promover o crescimento econômico, ainda que esse efeito seja assimétrico e concentrado.
A INFLUÊNCIA DOS INVESTIMENTOS PÚBLICOS ESTADUAIS EM CIÊNCIA, TECNOLOGIA E INOVAÇÃO NO DESENVOLVIMENTO REGIONAL
Authors: Gonçalves Bruno Setton , Santana José Ricardo de
Published: March 2023

Investments in Science, Technology and Innovation (ST&I) are important for increasing economic competitiveness and for choosing the development process. This article addresses the influence of state public investments in ST&I on regional development. For this purpose, an econometric model of panel analysis was used with data from 2000 to 2012, with 13 annual observations for the variables of each UF. A proxy for economic growth was used as a dependent variable as explanatory variables were the value of public expenditure used. in Research and Development (R&D) for each state (DISP) and the proxy for innovation, represented by a state science and technology indicator, in addition to the human capital control (KH) variables, the population of each of the Brazilian states (POP) and a Dummy for mitigate the effects of outliers. By estimating the panel data model, it was possible to prove the hypothesis that state public investment in R&D is a necessary condition to generate further innovation in the private sector and promote economic growth, even though this effect is asymmetric and concentrated.
A Potential Fungicide against Pseudoperonospora cubensis: Design,
Synthesis and 3D-QSAR of New Pyrazole-5-carboxamide Derivatives
Authors: Wang Lizeng , Pan Shixiang , Yang Zhaokai , Guan Aiying , Sun Xufeng , Zhang Jinbo , Li Zhinian , Liu Changling , Yang Xinling
Published: March 2023

Background:

Downy mildew is one of the major fungi causing significant economic losses to crops. The resistance of this fungus to current fungicides is increasing and new fungi-cides with a unique mode of action are needed.

Objective:

To find a novel pyrazole amide derivative as a potential fungicide.

Methods:

A series of pyrazole-5-carboxamide derivatives containing a diaryl ether were de-signed and synthesized by the Intermediate derivatization method (IDM). Their fungicidal activ-ities against Pseudoperonospora Cubensis (P. cubensis, cucumber downy mildew) were evalu-ated in the greenhouse.

Results:

Bioassays indicated that several compounds exhibited excellent fungicidal activity against P. cubensis in vivo. In particular, T24 (EC50 = 0.88 mg·L-1) had the highest activity compared with Dimethomorph and Fluazinam and other analogues. The relationship between the activity and the structure of these derivatives was analyzed, and an accurate and reliable three-dimensional quantitative structure-activity relationship (3D-QSAR) model was established to determine that electrostatic and steric fields had important effects on the improvement of fun-gicidal activity.

Conclusion:

The novel pyrazole-5-carboxamide derivative T24 can be considered a potential fungicide for P. cubensis control.
Impact of Thermal Stabilization on Nutritional, Functional, and Molecular Properties of Six Different Cultivars of Wheat Bran
Authors: Saroj Reshma , Singh Vinti , Kushwaha Radha , Singh Monika , Puranik Vinita , Kaur Devinder
Published: March 2023

Background:

Wheat bran is an important by-product in the cereal industry. It is considered
one of the amplest and most economically cheap sources of insoluble fiber and is rich in
minerals and various bioactive compounds.

Objective:

In this research, the antioxidant, functional, and molecular properties of bran were
screened in six different cultivars of wheat, viz. HUW-234, PBW-373, WH-1105, PBW-502,
HD-2967, and PBW-343.

Methods:

In the present study, the methods, namely, DPPH, TPC, and FRAP, were used for the
screening of antioxidant properties, bulk density, WAC and OAC for functional properties, and
tannin, trypsin inhibitor and phytate for anti-nutritional properties.

Results:

Our results showed that in thermally processed wheat bran (Autoclaved, Hot air oven,
Microwave, Toasting), the antioxidant activity increased in comparison to native wheat bran,
whereas water absorption capacity and oil absorption capacity decreased significantly (p ≤ 0.05)
compared to native bran. In addition, a significant reduction in the anti-nutritional factor was also
observed. Moreover, FTIR in different wheat bran cultivars showed the presence of the C-H
group, -CH stretch, -NH group, -OH group, phenols group, -C=O group, mostly aldehyde group,
L-glucose, cyclodextrins, –C-OH bending vibrations, and halogen compound (C-Cl).

Conclusion:

The study showed differences in antioxidant and functional properties of bran obtained
from different wheat cultivars. The thermal technique is a very useful treatment for increasing
nutritional properties. Wheat bran utilization in daily life helps prevent many chronic
diseases, such as colon cancer, constipation, heart disease, etc.
Flexible Electronics for Individuals: Epitomized Survey
Authors: Wagholikar Smita , Mulay Preeti
Published: March 2023

The current scenario reveals a growing demand for foldable and flexible materials that
are well-suited for curved screen surfaces in wearable devices and acclimatize with the environment.
The development of eco-designed electronic devices for energy storage, optoelectronics and
more applications employing biopolymers or carbon-based substrates was preferred on account of
being economical and readily available. The present study explores the recent trends in flexible,
transient and green electronics engaging biopolymers like cellulose, chitosan, silk, paper and others
to substitute silicon-based electronics. Nanoparticles blended with eco-friendly substrates,
nanofibers and nano-sized natural polymers are observed to receive attention in soft electronics
and robotics. The study mentions recent patents in this sector and the analysis based on the SCOPUS
database highlights the leading authors, countries and keywords which are widely used in
this research.
Stake’s Countenance Evaluation Method on Occupational Health and Safety Implementation in Electronics Engineering Education's Student Industrial Internship
Authors: Munir Muhammad , Jati Mentari Putri , Wulandari Bekti , Dewanto Satriyo Agung
Published: March 2023

This paper discusses the evaluation of the implementation of Occupational Health and Safety (OHS) in student industrial internships. Due to the possibility of the risk of work accidents on industrial internship students are prone to occur. Currently, there are still few who discuss the evaluation of OHS implementation as the basis for carrying out sustainable action efforts. Based on the evaluation carried out, the OHS Implementation in Electronics Engineering Education's Student Industrial Internship has been feasible and follows applicable laws and regulations. The results of this evaluation can provide ideas for increasing sustainable action efforts regarding OHS in Student Industrial Internships.
A Serious Game for Improving Reading Skill of Preschoolers
Authors: Nugraha Muhammad Rizki , Rosmansyah Yusep , Mulyani Evi Dewi Sri , Mufizar Teuku , Anwar Dede Syahrul , Hidayat Cepi Rahmat
Published: March 2023

Nowadays, many games are made for educational or learning purposes. However, the unresolved challenge remains, and the perfect balance between the fun and learning aspects remains. This paper represents an effort toward such a challenge by way of game difficulty dynamization implementation in a game to improve preschoolers reading skills using Dynamic Difficulty Adjustment dan Procedural Content Generation. To measure the balance of fun and learning aspects in the game, experiments were conducted involving 32 preschoolers. The proposed game can generate 10.962 game content in various difficulties and balance the fun and learning aspects according to the enjoyment factor's average value. Students could enjoy the game while significantly gaining an increase in the average reading skill, based on the t-test value and NGain value of 0.551.
Performance Analysis Of The Energy Harvesting Techniques In Cooperative Communication Systems of NBIoT Devices With Amplify And Forward (AF) Relaying Protocol
Authors: Umayya Ines Sastre , Milchan Muhamad , Briantoro Hendy , Moegiharto Yoedy
Published: March 2023

This study examines the system’s performance with implementation of the energy harvesting (EH) techniques at source node, S and relay node, R. The RF signals which are used to energy harvesting proccess are broadcasted by destination node, D. The information signals from S are sent to D via a R in a cooperative communication framework. The R uses the amplify and forward (AF) protocol to forward the received signal from S to D. We propose a network system which contain of three femto cells, and an access point of each femto cells work as a relay (R), in a macro cell with a base station or eNB as a destination (D). To find the  best R for forwarding the information signal from S to D, we choose the partial relai selection strategy.   From the simulation results can be shown that the throughput system and the outage probability system are affected by the location of S or the distance of between S-R and S-D. Also affected by the access point power of femto cell that is connected to electric source, and  time swithing factor, ρ which is used to harvest energy at S and R nodes. The shorter distance of between S-R and S-D results a better value of  throughput system and the outage probability system, since the gain channel value will be high and increases the SNR value at D. More bigger the power from battery of access point femto cell that is used together with the harvested power by R to forward the signal will result a better value of  throughput system and the outage probability system. More smaller time swithing factor, ρ results more time period for transmitting signal by S and forwarding sinyal by R, therefore increases the transmit power at S and R. Increasing the transmit powers result the increasin SNR value at D, and result a better value of  throughput system and the outage probability system.
Realtime Monitoring System of Solar Panel Performance Based on Internet of Things Using Blynk Application
Authors: Inayah Inayatul , Hayati Nur , Nurcholis Aflah , Dimyati Achmad , Prasetia Muhammad Ghofinda
Published: March 2023

Renewable energy is one of the options to meet the increasing energy needs. As a tropical country, Indonesia has great potential for solar energy development. At this time, solar panels have been built in places exposed to direct light. However, monitoring solar panels is still performed manually using a multimeter by operators or field officers, so it cannot be performed in real-time. Real-time tracking is carried out to prevent damage and decreased performance of solar panels. Hence, we designed a real-time solar panel monitoring system based Internet of Things (IoT) using the Blynk application on a smartphone. Based on the test between the measuring instrument and the Blynk application, the error percentage is 0.59% for voltage testing, 0.0001% for current testing, 1.03% for power testing, and 2.09% for temperature testing. A strong internet connection will significantly affect the performance of solar panels in real-time. This research is expected to monitor solar panel parameters remotely via a smartphone without having to come to the location and make it easier for users to monitor.
Improvement of Student Attendance System for Recording Student Surface Body Temperature Based on Internet of Things
Authors: Afandi Mas Aly , Enriko I Ketut Agung , Baihaqy Muhammad Aulia
Published: March 2023

Student attendance is a system used for tracking student activity in school. Many methods are used to develop student attendance systems, such as Quick Response (QR) Code systems, Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) systems, fingerprint systems, and so on. The COVID-19 pandemic has driven technological development, especially in the student attendance system. Measuring human surface body temperature has become a protocol that must be done before entering school. Student attendance systems need to expand the function not only for attendance but also for monitoring student surface body temperature. This research aims to improve student attendance systems by adding surface body temperature measurements and recording during student presence. Recording data can be done by using the internet of things. Student presence data will be sent to school databases throughout the internet. This system uses RFID technology for student presence and a non-contact thermal sensor for temperature measurement. According to data research, non-contact thermal sensors provide a temperature reading with an average error of 1.69%, a minimum error value of 0.96%, and a maximum error value of 2.57% with a range error value of 0.35°C – 0.95°C. RFID test shows that the optimum distance for the system to read an RFID card is 0 – 2cm. The System also successfully sent presence data to the student school database through the internet. This study concludes that developed systems can track student attendance by recording the student’s surface body temperature while in presence. Further work will be focused on managing data networks if this system is used with many users in the school.
Development of Adaptive MOOCs to Support Personalized Learning: Mixed Method Analysis
Authors: Priyanto P. , Alwi Ahmad Chafid , Dwiningrum Siti Irene Astuti , Raharjo Amrih Setyo , Nurlayli Akhsin
Published: March 2023

This study aims to explain the development of adaptive MOOCs that support personalized learning. This study was designed with a mixed method design of sequential explanatory type at the association level. Quantitative analysis used confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) (n = 110) and was deepened with qualitative analysis of the Miles and Huberman model. Quantitatively measured domains include accessibility, learning curriculum, competence, motivation, satisfaction, efficacy, and self-study. The domain was used as a reference for qualitative data mining through focus group discussions (FGD) involving lecturers and doctoral students (n = 25). The analysis results show that the curriculum domain and one of the motivational indicators should be removed because it did not meet the requirements after bootstrapping. The second running algorithm showed all valid and reliable variables. Some domains that significantly affect MOOC user satisfaction are efficacy, competence, and motivation. R square results showed 37% influenced by motivation, accessibility, efficacy, and self-study, and the rest influenced by other variables. In the qualitative analysis, 19 subcodes were found that were included in the three main codes. In conclusion, there is new information in the accessibility domain that expands quantitative data, including information on MOOCs, marketing traps, regulation, and dropouts. Meanwhile, what strengthens and deepens quantitative data is found in the information on metacognitive and personalized coding that strengthens the domain of efficiency, the domain of competence, which is strengthened by content, mentoring collaboration, and motivation reinforced by coding the user's motivations and goals.
Ecological education: Concrete efforts in applying the concept of ecological citizenship in Malang
Authors: Syahri Mohamad , Wibowo Arif Prasetyo , Pratiwi Arini Dyah Mustika , Tinus Agus
Published: March 2023

The research aims to describe the role of schools in applying the concept of ecological citizenship at High Schools in Malang, analyze the implications of applying the concept of ecological citizenship to the environmental care character of students at High Schools in Malang, to find out the supporting and inhibiting factors in the application of the concept of ecological citizenship at SMP Negeri 10. Poor. This research method uses a qualitative type of research using a qualitative descriptive research design by managing research data in a descriptive form described in detail. The results of the study show: (1) the role of schools in implementing the concept of ecological citizenship in schools is quite good and is implemented through the vision and mission, school innovation programs, and school culture, then learning activities that are integrated into all subjects and extracurricular activities of eco generation, (2) The implications for student behavior are that students can apply their habits in school by having responsibility for their environment so that they can apply these habits outside of school in a sustainable manner, (3) factors that support and inhibit school success are the participation of all school members to commit together to protect the school environment. In addition, there is support from parents, school committees, related agencies, institutions, universities, and stakeholders who help develop school innovation programs and manage school infrastructure.
Obstacles and efforts to overcome them in protecting children's rights against violence in elementary schools in the Sleman district
Authors: Hartini Sri , Hanum Fathikah Fauziah , Priyanto Anang
Published: March 2023

The aims of this research are: to identify obstacles in protecting children's rights against violence in elementary schools in Sleman Regency and to describe efforts to overcome obstacles in protecting children's rights against violence in elementary schools in Sleman Regency. This research is a descriptive qualitative research approach. The research subjects were four school principals, three teachers and two education staff. Data collection techniques with interviews and documentation. The technique of checking the validity of the data is done by using cross check data. Inductive data analysis which includes data reduction, categorization and unitization of data, presentation of data and drawing conclusions. The results of the research show that in carrying out these protection efforts the school revealed that there were several obstacles faced. These obstacles come from within (internal) and from outside the school (external). Internal barriers in the form of the lack of the role of educational staff or employees and parents who are less open. While external obstacles such as violence occur outside the school which causes ignorance on the part of the school. schools make efforts to overcome internal and external obstacles in prevention efforts by creating child-friendly school programs and recruiting Counseling Guidance teachers.
Actualización del Plan Estratégico de Ciencia, Tecnología, e Innovación del sector Agropecuario PECTIA 2017 - 2027 : Departamento de Vaupés 2022
Authors:   Ministerio de Agricultura y Desarrollo Rural, Bogotá (Colombia),   Gobernación de Vaupés (Colombia),   Secretaría de Agricultura y Desarrollo Productivo, Vaupés (Colombia),   Corporación colombiana de investigación agropecuaria, Mosquera (Colombia)
Published: March 2023

La elaboración del Plan Estratégico de Ciencia, Tecnología e Innovación del sector Agropecuario Colombiano – Pectia de Vaupés fue posible gracias al liderazgo de la Mesa de Ciencia, Tecnología e Innovación Agropecuaria (Mesa de CTIA) en cabeza de la Secretaria de Agricultura y Desarrollo productivo, la Comisión Regional de Competitividad e Innovación (CRCI) de Vaupés, el direccionamiento del Ministerio de Agricultura y Desarrollo Rural (MADR); el apoyo del Ministerio de Ciencia, Tecnología e Innovación (MinCiencias); el acompañamiento metodológico de la Corporación Colombiana de Investigación Agropecuaria (AGROSAVIA) y el trabajo colaborativo de instancias y actores como entidades de investigación, centros de investigación y desarrollo tecnológico agropecuario, universidades, gremios y productores agropecuarios, empresas, entidades de apoyo públicas y privadas, entre otras; que representan el Sistema Nacional de Innovación Agropecuaria (SNIA) en el departamento.
Exploring Access as a Process of Adaptation in a Self-Monitoring Perinatal eHealth System: Mixed Methods Study From a Sociomaterial Perspective
Authors: Auxier Jennifer , Savolainen Kaisu T , Bender Miriam , Rahmani Amir M , Sarhaddi Fatemeh , Azimi Iman , Axelin Anna M
Published: March 2023

Background

The development and quality assurance of perinatal eHealth self-monitoring systems is an upcoming area of inquiry in health science. Building patient engagement into eHealth development as a core component has potential to guide process evaluation. Access, 1 attribute of patient engagement, is the focus of study here. Access to eHealth self-monitoring programs has the potential to influence pregnancy health and wellness outcomes. Little is known about how pregnant users’ ability to obtain resources is influenced by their own adaptive activities and the mediating activities of eHealth systems during the process of real-world testing of these systems.

Objective

Here, we examine the patient engagement process of access occurring during the adaptation of eHealth self-monitoring use from a sociomaterial perspective.

Methods

In this mixed methods convergent evaluation design, we interviewed women about perceptions of the adaptation process of using an eHealth self-monitoring system. Deductive analysis was conducted guided by the definition of access as an attribute of patient engagement. After initial qualitative and quantitative data collection and analysis, participants were spilt based on their level of use of the eHealth system (physical wear time of self-monitoring device). Content analysis was then conducted according to user group, using a conceptual matrix developed from ontological perspectives of sociomateriality.

Results

Pregnant users’ adaptive activities and the mediation activities of the eHealth system represent a cocreation process that resulted in user group–specific characteristics of accessing and using the system. The high- and low-use groups experienced different personal adaptation and eHealth mediation during this process of cocreation. Differences were noted between high- and low-use groups, with the high-use group giving attention to developing skills in recording and interpreting data and the low-use group discussing the manual adding of activities to the system and how the system worked best for them when they used it in their mother tongue.

Conclusions

A cocreation process between pregnant users and the eHealth system was identified, illustrating access as a useful core component of perinatal eHealth self-monitoring systems. Researchers and clinicians can observe reasons for why pregnant users access eHealth systems in unique ways based on their personal preferences, habits, and values. Mediation activities of the eHealth system and the different user adaptive activities represent a cocreation process between the users and the eHealth system that is necessary for the personalization of perinatal eHealth systems.
Readiness for Change in the Implementation of a 3D Printing Initiative in a Catalan Tertiary Hospital Using the Normalization Process Theory: Survey Study (Preprint)
Authors: López Seguí Francesc , Cos Codina Joan , Ricou Ríos Laura , Martínez Segura María Isabel , Miró Mezquita Laura , Escrich Navarro Raquel , Davins Riu Meritxell , Estrada Cuxart Oriol , Anashkin Kachalin German , Moreno-Martínez Daniel
Published: March 2023

BACKGROUND

The high failure rate of innovation projects motivates us to understand the perceptions about resistances and barriers of the main stakeholders to improving success rates.

OBJECTIVE

This study aims to analyze the readiness for change in the implementation of a 3D printing project in a Catalan tertiary hospital prior to its implementation.

METHODS

We used a web-based, voluntary, and anonymous survey using the Normalization Measurement Development questionnaire (NoMAD) to gather views and perceptions from a selected group of health care professionals at Germans Trias i Pujol University Hospital.

RESULTS

In this study, 58 professionals, including heads of service (n=30, 51%), doctors (n=18, 31%), nurses (n=7, 12%), and support staff (n=3, 5%), responded to the questionnaire. All groups saw the value of the project and were willing to enroll and support it. Respondents reported the highest scores (out of 5) in cognitive participation (mean 4.45, SD 0.04), coherence (mean 3.72, SD 0.13), and reflective monitoring (mean 3.80, SD 0.25). The weakest score was in collective action (mean 3.52, SD 0.12). There were no statistically significant differences in scores among professions in the survey.

CONCLUSIONS

The 3D printing project implementation should pay attention to preparing, defining, sharing, and supporting the operational work involved in its use and implementation. It should also understand, assess, and communicate the ways in which the new set of practices can affect the users and others around them. We suggest that health officers and politicians consider this experience as a solid ground toward the development of a more efficient health innovation system and as a catalyst for transformation.
A Deep Learning Model for the Normalization of Institution Names by Multisource Literature Feature Fusion: Algorithm Development Study (Preprint)
Authors: Chen Yifei , Li Xiaoying , Li Aihua , Li Yongjie , Yang Xuemei , Lin Ziluo , Yu Shirui , Tang Xiaoli
Published: March 2023

BACKGROUND

The normalization of institution names is of great importance for literature retrieval, statistics of academic achievements, and evaluation of the competitiveness of research institutions. Differences in authors’ writing habits and spelling mistakes lead to various names of institutions, which affects the analysis of publication data. With the development of deep learning models and the increasing maturity of natural language processing methods, training a deep learning–based institution name normalization model can increase the accuracy of institution name normalization at the semantic level.

OBJECTIVE

This study aimed to train a deep learning–based model for institution name normalization based on the feature fusion of affiliation data from multisource literature, which would realize the normalization of institution name variants with the help of authority files and achieve a high specification accuracy after several rounds of training and optimization.

METHODS

In this study, an institution name normalization–oriented model was trained based on bidirectional encoder representations from transformers (BERT) and other deep learning models, including the institution classification model, institutional hierarchical relation extraction model, and institution matching and merging model. The model was then trained to automatically learn institutional features by pretraining and fine-tuning, and institution names were extracted from the affiliation data of 3 databases to complete the normalization process: Dimensions, Web of Science, and Scopus.

RESULTS

It was found that the trained model could achieve at least 3 functions. First, the model could identify the institution name that is consistent with the authority files and associate the name with the files through the unique institution ID. Second, it could identify the nonstandard institution name variants, such as singular forms, plural changes, and abbreviations, and update the authority files. Third, it could identify the unregistered institutions and add them to the authority files, so that when the institution appeared again, the model could identify and regard it as a registered institution. Moreover, the test results showed that the accuracy of the normalization model reached 93.79%, indicating the promising performance of the model for the normalization of institution names.

CONCLUSIONS

The deep learning–based institution name normalization model trained in this study exhibited high accuracy. Therefore, it could be widely applied in the evaluation of the competitiveness of research institutions, analysis of research fields of institutions, and construction of interinstitutional cooperation networks, among others, showing high application value.
Effects of a Community Health Worker–Led Health Literacy Intervention on Lifestyle Modification Among Patients With Hypertension and Diabetes in the City of Harare, Zimbabwe: Protocol for a Cluster Randomized Controlled Trial (Preprint)
Authors: Katena Nyaradzai Arster , Shamu Shepherd , Fana Golden Tafadzwa , Rusakaniko Simbarashe
Published: March 2023

BACKGROUND

Hypertension and diabetes are among the most common noncommunicable diseases in Zimbabwe. These 2 conditions are largely prevented and controlled by lifestyle modifications, such as healthy eating habits, physical activity, and avoiding the use of tobacco and alcohol.

OBJECTIVE

This study aims to evaluate the effects of a community health worker (CHW)–led health literacy intervention on lifestyle modification among patients with diabetes and hypertension in the City of Harare, Zimbabwe, in terms of (1) adherence to recommended lifestyle changes, (2) blood pressure and blood glucose levels, and (3) medication adherence.

METHODS

This is a 6-month–long cluster randomized controlled trial, which will be conducted in primary health care clinics in the city of Harare. A total of 14 clinics will be randomly allocated into either the intervention or control group. A total of 680 (49 participants per clinic) adult patients with hypertension and diabetes will be enrolled for the trial. Participants in the intervention arm will receive a simple health literacy intervention on lifestyle modification, which will be delivered by trained CHWs, while those in the control arm will receive usual care. The intervention consists of 4 face-to-face interactive educational sessions and monthly support visits by trained CHWs and will be carried out over a period of 6 months. The primary study outcomes will be blood pressure and blood glucose levels and levels of adherence to the recommended lifestyle modifications. Other outcomes will include adherence to medication. Data management and analysis will be done using Epi Info software, and the data will be analyzed using the intention-to-treat principle.

RESULTS

Recruitment of study participants commenced on June 1, 2023, and was completed on July 30, 2023. Baseline data are being collected after participants’ recruitment, and the final data collection will be completed by January 31, 2024.

CONCLUSIONS

There is an information dearth regarding the effectiveness of CHW-led interventions for the management and control of hypertension in Zimbabwe. Our study offers an opportunity to show the effectiveness of CHWs in addressing the gaps in the management of hypertension and diabetes. The findings from our study will provide crucial evidence on the effectiveness and feasibility of a simple intervention delivered by CHWs in resource-constrained areas.

INTERNATIONAL REGISTERED REPORT

PRR1-10.2196/47512
Behavioral Changes Associated With COVID-19 Vaccination: Cross-National Online Survey (Preprint)
Authors: De Gaetano Alessandro , Bajardi Paolo , Gozzi Nicolò , Perra Nicola , Perrotta Daniela , Paolotti Daniela
Published: March 2023

BACKGROUND

During the initial phases of the vaccination campaign worldwide, nonpharmaceutical interventions (NPIs) remained pivotal in the fight against the COVID-19 pandemic. In this context, it is important to understand how the arrival of vaccines affected the adoption of NPIs. Indeed, some individuals might have seen the start of mass vaccination campaigns as the end of the emergency and, as a result, relaxed their COVID-safe behaviors, facilitating the spread of the virus in a delicate epidemic phase such as the initial rollout.

OBJECTIVE

The aim of this study was to collect information about the possible relaxation of protective behaviors following key events of the vaccination campaign in four countries and to analyze possible associations of these behavioral tendencies with the sociodemographic characteristics of participants.

METHODS

We developed an online survey named “COVID-19 Prevention and Behavior Survey” that was conducted between November 26 and December 22, 2021. Participants were recruited using targeted ads on Facebook in four different countries: Brazil, Italy, South Africa, and the United Kingdom. We measured the onset of relaxation of protective measures in response to key events of the vaccination campaign, namely personal vaccination and vaccination of the most vulnerable population. Through calculation of odds ratios (ORs) and regression analysis, we assessed the strength of association between compliance with NPIs and sociodemographic characteristics of participants.

RESULTS

We received 2263 questionnaires from the four countries. Participants reported the most significant changes in social activities such as going to a restaurant or the cinema and visiting relatives and friends. This is in good agreement with validated psychological models of health-related behavioral change such as the Health Belief Model, according to which activities with higher costs and perceived barriers (eg, social activities) are more prone to early relaxation. Multivariate analysis using a generalized linear model showed that the two main determinants of the drop of social NPIs were (1) having previously tested positive for COVID-19 (after the second vaccine dose: OR 2.46, 95% CI 1.73-3.49) and (2) living with people at risk (after the second vaccine dose: OR 1.57, 95% CI 1.22-2.03).

CONCLUSIONS

This work shows that particular caution has to be taken during vaccination campaigns. Indeed, people might relax their safe behaviors regardless of the dynamics of the epidemic. For this reason, it is crucial to maintain high compliance with NPIs to avoid hindering the beneficial effects of the vaccine.
Efficacy of COMPAs, an App Designed to Support Communication Between Persons Living With Dementia in Long-Term Care Settings and Their Caregivers: Mixed Methods Implementation Study (Preprint)
Authors: Ansaldo Ana Inés , Masson-Trottier Michèle , Delacourt Barbara , Dubuc Jade , Dubé Catherine
Published: March 2023

BACKGROUND

Persons living with dementia experience autonomy loss and require caregiver support on a daily basis. Dementia involves a gradual decline in communication skills, leading to fewer interactions and isolation for both people living with dementia and their caregivers, negatively impacting the quality of life for both members of the dyad. The resulting stress and burden on caregivers make them particularly susceptible to burnout.

OBJECTIVE

This study aims to examine the efficacy of Communication Proches Aidants (COMPAs), an app designed following the principles of person-centered and emotional communication, which is intended to improve well-being in persons living with dementia and caregivers and reduce caregiver burden.

METHODS

In this implementation study, volunteer caregivers in 2 long-term care facilities (n=17) were trained in using COMPAs and strategies to improve communication with persons living with dementia. Qualitative and quantitative analyses, semistructured interviews, and questionnaires were completed before and after 8 weeks of intervention with COMPAs.

RESULTS

Semistructured interviews revealed that all caregivers perceived a positive impact following COMPAs interventions, namely, improved quality of communication and quality of life among persons living with dementia and caregivers. Improved quality of life was also supported by a statistically significant reduction in the General Health Questionnaire-12 scores (caregivers who improved: 9/17, 53%; z=2.537; P=.01). COMPAs interventions were also associated with a statistically significant increased feeling of personal accomplishment (caregivers improved: 11/17, 65%; t15=2.430; P=.03; d=0.61 [medium effect size]).

CONCLUSIONS

COMPAs intervention improved well-being in persons living with dementia and their caregivers by developing person-centered communication within the dyad, increasing empathy, and reducing burden in caregivers although most caregivers were unfamiliar with technology. The results hold promise for COMPAs interventions in long-term care settings. Larger group-controlled studies with different populations, in different contexts, and at different stages of dementia will provide a clearer picture of the benefits of COMPAs interventions.
Artificial Intelligence–Driven Respiratory Distress Syndrome Prediction for Very Low Birth Weight Infants: Korean Multicenter Prospective Cohort Study (Preprint)
Authors: Jang Woocheol , Choi Yong Sung , Kim Ji Yoo , Yon Dong Keon , Lee Young Joo , Chung Sung-Hoon , Kim Chae Young , Yeo Seung Geun , Lee Jinseok
Published: March 2023

BACKGROUND

Respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) is a disease that commonly affects premature infants whose lungs are not fully developed. RDS results from a lack of surfactant in the lungs. The more premature the infant is, the greater is the likelihood of having RDS. However, even though not all premature infants have RDS, preemptive treatment with artificial pulmonary surfactant is administered in most cases.

OBJECTIVE

We aimed to develop an artificial intelligence model to predict RDS in premature infants to avoid unnecessary treatment.

METHODS

In this study, 13,087 very low birth weight infants who were newborns weighing less than 1500 grams were assessed in 76 hospitals of the Korean Neonatal Network. To predict RDS in very low birth weight infants, we used basic infant information, maternity history, pregnancy/birth process, family history, resuscitation procedure, and test results at birth such as blood gas analysis and Apgar score. The prediction performances of 7 different machine learning models were compared, and a 5-layer deep neural network was proposed in order to enhance the prediction performance from the selected features. An ensemble approach combining multiple models from the 5-fold cross-validation was subsequently developed.

RESULTS

Our proposed ensemble 5-layer deep neural network consisting of the top 20 features provided high sensitivity (83.03%), specificity (87.50%), accuracy (84.07%), balanced accuracy (85.26%), and area under the curve (0.9187). Based on the model that we developed, a public web application that enables easy access for the prediction of RDS in premature infants was deployed.

CONCLUSIONS

Our artificial intelligence model may be useful for preparations for neonatal resuscitation, particularly in cases involving the delivery of very low birth weight infants, as it can aid in predicting the likelihood of RDS and inform decisions regarding the administration of surfactant.
Individualized Virtual Reality for Increasing Self-Compassion: Evaluation Study (Preprint)
Authors: Halim Ilona , Stemmet Lehan , Hach Sylvia , Porter Richard , Liang Hai-Ning , Vaezipour Atiyeh , Henry Julie D , Baghaei Nilufar
Published: March 2023

BACKGROUND

Depression and anxiety are common and debilitating mental disorders with severe negative repercussions at both individual and societal levels. Although virtual reality (VR) has emerged as a safe and effective tool for the treatment of anxiety disorders, studies of the therapeutic application of VR to treat depression are more limited.

OBJECTIVE

The purpose of this study was to test whether a novel type of individualized VR (iVR) can be used to improve self-compassion and decrease depressive symptoms and to evaluate the usability and acceptability of this approach, as rated by participants. The iVR system was designed and developed based on the feedback obtained from a previous study, with improved appearance and feel of the avatar and enhanced graphical quality.

METHODS

A total of 36 young adult participants were recruited from a university community social media site. Participants were aware that the study was investigating a treatment for depression but were not recruited based on depression diagnosis. Participants were asked to complete 2 iVR sessions, spaced 2 weeks apart. At baseline and upon completion of each iVR session, participants were asked to complete validated measures of self-compassion and depression. Upon completion of both iVR sessions, additional measures were administered to assess participants’ perceptions about the perceived usability and system acceptability of the iVR approach.

RESULTS

Self-compassion was assessed at the beginning of session 1 (preintervention baseline) and at the end of session 1 (postintervention assessment). Owing to COVID-19 constraints, 36% (13/36) of the participants were unable to complete the follow-up iVR session. Self-compassion was assessed again for the remaining 64% (23/36) of the participants at the end of session 2 (postintervention assessment). Within-group analyses revealed that self-compassion was significantly increased at the end of both session 1 (P=.01) and session 2 (P=.03) relative to baseline. There was also a nonsignificant trend for depressive symptoms to be low at the end of session 2 relative to baseline. Both quantitative and qualitative participant data supported the iVR approach as being acceptable and usable.

CONCLUSIONS

Although these data must be treated as preliminary owing to the small sample size and potential selection bias, the data provide encouraging initial evidence that iVR might be a useful tool to enhance self-compassion and reduce depressive symptoms, highlighting the need for randomized controlled trials in the future.

CLINICALTRIAL