bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A computational prototyping environment interface for DoD CREATE™-AV Helios simulations
Authors: Haehnel Robert , Christensen Scott , Whitlow J. , Bauer Andrew , Meyer Ari , Rangarajan Gautham , Wenren Yonghu , Hardin Deanna , Hoch Brendon , Clark Shyla , Eiseman Alex
Published: May 2021

Computational Prototyping Environment (CPE) is a web-based portal designed to simplify running Department of Defense (DoD) modeling and simulation tools on the DoD Supercomputing Resource Center’s (DSRC) High Performance Computing (HPC) systems. The first of these tools to be deployed in the CPE is an application (app) to conduct parametric studies and view results using the CREATE-AV Helios CFD software. Initial capability includes hover (collective sweep) and forward flight (speed sweep) performance calculations. The CPE Helios app allows for job submission to a DSRC’s HPC system and for the viewing of results created by Helios, i.e., time series and volumetric data. Example data input and results viewing are presented. Planned future functionality is also outlined.
A emergência de questões culturais no teletandem: perspectivas e reflexões
Authors: Buvolini Paola de Carvalho , Miranda Katia Rodrigues Mello , Garcia Daniela Nogueira de Moraes
Published: May 2021

A relevância das questões culturais na aprendizagem de línguas é identificada nos cenários globalizados da internacionalização e das tecnologias. Considerando que o teletandem constitui-se contexto de aprendizagem com parcerias para conversas bilíngues, retratamos temas culturais que emergem na interação, assim como o tratamento dado pelo participante na enunciação desses temas. Com base no suporte teórico de teletandem (TELLES, 2009, 2011, 2015), cultura (LEVY, 2007; PADILHA, 2004) e competência intercultural (BELZ, 2003) somado às noções de interculturalidade (MENDES, 2007) e transculturalidade (WELSCH, 1999), o presente trabalho utiliza metodologia qualitativa interpretativista para um estudo de caso de relatos ocorridos em 2016. Os resultados apontam um tratamento maior à cultura realizado pelo interagente devido à aproximação da parceria que ultrapassa a perspectiva intercultural de interação.
A pontuação na escrita de alunos do sexto ano do ensino fundamental
Authors: Oliveira Marian , Amorim Noélia Nascimento Ferraz
Published: May 2021

Neste artigo apresentamos os resultados obtidos com a implementação de uma proposta de intervenção pedagógica, que visou analisar se um ensino pautado em reflexões linguísticas acerca do uso dos sinais de pontuação, enquanto marcadores prosódicos e indicadores semânticos, contribuiria para que alunos do 6º ano do Ensino Fundamental pontuassem corretamente suas produções e reconhecessem o papel desses marcadores gráficos de pontuação na escrita e na leitura. Trata-se de uma pesquisa aplicada, de natureza quali-quantitativa, desenvolvida no âmbito do ProfLetras, que envolveu alunos de uma escola pública de Vitória da Conquista, Bahia. Os resultados apontam uma melhora no nível de aprendizagem que pode ser verificada pelo aumento no índice de reconhecimento, entendimento das diferentes funções e emprego dos sinais de pontuação.
Giving birth and becoming a parent during the COVID-19 pandemic: a qualitative analysis of 827 women’s responses to an online survey in Norway
Authors: Eri Tine S. , Downe Soo , Vedeler Carina , Blix Ellen , Nilsen Anne Britt Vika
Published: May 2021

Background: When Europe was hit by the COVID-19 pandemic, changes were made in maternal care to reduce infections. In hospital maternity wards, postnatal wards, and neonatal units’ companions and visitors were restricted. There is emerging evidence that changes in maternity care delivery and restrictions due to social distancing have been distressing for many childbearing women. We aimed to explore the experiences of giving birth and becoming a parent in Norway during the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods: The study is based on the responses from women who provided in-depth qualitative comments to Babies Born Better survey version 3, December 2020. The responses were analysed with inductive thematic analysis.Results: In all, 827 women who gave birth in 42 of 45 available birthing units across Norway, regardless of parity and mode of birth, were included. The qualitative analysis resulted in four themes: 1) Waiting period filled with stress and worries; 2) Feeling lonely, isolated and disempowered without the partner; 3) Sharing experiences and becoming a family; and 4) Busy postnatal care without compassion.Conclusion: The COVID-19 pandemic has had an impact on women’s experiences of giving birth and becoming a parent in Norway. The denial of companionship and postnatal visiting varied between hospitals, which suggests that some of the restrictions were related to organisational protectionism than the protection of women and babies. Early postnatal care is the area of care that seems to have been most negatively affected and clearly requires more attention. The balance between humanised healthcare and protection from infection has not been well maintained through this current pandemic.
Traceability of the Geographical Origin of Siraitia grosvenorii based on Multielement Contents coupled with Chemometric Techniques
Authors: Huang Xiao-Ping , Lei Lei , Lei Shun-Xin , Zhu Wei-Wei , Yan Jun
Published: May 2021

Siraitia grosvenorii (LHG) is widely used as a medicinal and edible material around the world. The objective of this study was to develop an effective method for the authentication of the geographical origin of LHG in its main producing area Guangxi, China, which is identified as Chinese Protected Designation of Origin (PDO) product，against other producing regions in China. The content of 14 elements (K, Na, Ca, P, Mg, Al, B, Ba, Cu, Fe, Mn, Ni, Zn, and Sr) of 114 LHG samples was determined by inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES). Multivariate analysis was then performed to classify the geographical origin of LHG samples. The contents of multielement display an obvious trend of clustering according to the geographical origin of LHG samples based on radar plot and principal component analysis (PCA). Finally, three supervised statistical techniques, including linear discriminant analysis (LDA), k-nearest neighbours (k-NN), and support vector machine (SVM), were applied to develop classification models. Finally, 40 unknown LHG samples were used to evaluate the predictive ability of model and discrimination rate of 100%, 97.5% and 100% were obtained for LDA, k-NN, and SVM, respectively. This study indicated that it is feasible to attribute unknown LHG samples to its geographical origin based on its multielement content coupled with chemometric techniques.
A Reinforcement Learning based Computing Offloading and Resource Allocation Scheme in F-RAN
Authors: Jiang Fan , Ma Rongxin , Gao Youjun , Gu Zesheng
Published: May 2021

This paper investigates a computing offloading policy and the allocation of computational resource for multiple user equipments (UEs) in Device-to-Device (D2D) aided fog radio access networks (F-RANs). Concerning the dynamically changing wireless environment where the channel state information (CSI) is difficult to predict and know exactly, we formulate the problem of task offloading and resource optimization as a mixed-integer nonlinear programming problem to maximize the total utility of all UEs. Concerning the non-convex property of the formulated problem, we decouple the original problem into two phases to solve. Firstly, a centralized deep reinforcement learning (DRL) algorithm called Dueling Deep Q-Network (DDQN) is utilized to obtain the most suitable offloading mode for each UE. Particularly, to reduce the complexity of the proposed offloading scheme based DDQN algorithm, a pre-processing procedure is adopted. Then a distributed Deep Q-Network (DQN)algorithm based on the training result of the DDQN algorithm is further proposed to allocate the appropriate computational resource for each UE. Combining these two phases, the optimal offloading policy and resource allocation for each UE are finally achieved. Simulation results demonstrate the performance gains of the proposed scheme compared with other existing baseline schemes.
Percutaneous Microcoil Localization of a Small, Totally Endophytic Renal Mass for Nephron-Sparing Surgery: A Case Report and Literature Review
Authors: Su Tianhao , Zhang Zhiyuan , Zhao Meishan , Hao Gangyue , Tian Ye , Jin Long
Published: May 2021

Background: Small, totally endophytic renal masses present a technical challenge for surgical extirpation due to poor identifiability during surgery. The method for the precise localization of totally endophytic tumours before nephron-sparing surgery could be optimized. Case presentation: An asymptomatic 70-year-old male presented with a right-sided, 16-mm, totally endophytic renal mass on computed tomography (CT). CT-guided percutaneous microcoil localization was carried out prior to laparoscopy to provide a direction for partial nephrectomy. During the 25 minutes of the localization procedure, the patient underwent five local CT scans, and his cumulative effective radiation dosage was 5.1 mSv. The span between localization and the start of the operation was 15 hours. The laparoscopic operation time was 105 minutes, and the ischaemia time was 25 minutes. The postoperative recovery was smooth, and no perioperative complications occurred. Pathology showed the mass to be renal clear cell carcinoma, WHO/ISUP grade 2, with a 2-mm, clear surgical margin. The patient remained free of recurrence on follow-up for eleven months. To our knowledge, this application of microcoil implantation prior to laparoscopic partial nephrectomy for an intrarenal mass could be the first reported localized method applied in renal surgery. Conclusions: The percutaneous microcoil localization of endophytic renal tumours is potentially safe and effective prior to laparoscopic partial nephrectomy.
Use of Chemical Nano Selenium as Antibacterial and Antifungal Agent in Quail Diets and its Effect on Growth, Carcasses, Antioxidant, Immunity and Caecal Microbe
Authors: Alagawany Mahmoud , El-Saadony M. T. , Elnesr S. S. , Farahat M. , Attia G. , Mahmoud M.A. , Madkour M. , Reda F. M.
Published: May 2021

Nano-minerals are used to enhance mineral bioavailability, which helps improve animal growth and health. The use of chemical nano-selenium (Che-SeNP) has lately attracted great scientific interest, mainly due to its potential benefits for poultry. The current study was conducted to investigate the impact of the dietary supplementation of Che-SeNPs on growth performance, carcass traits, blood constituents, antioxidant status, immunity, and gut microbiota of quails. A total of one week-old 180 Japanese quails were randomlydistributed into four equal groups, and each group consisted of 45 unsexed birds with five replications (nine birds each). The first group was fed a basal diet without supplementation (0 g/kg Che-SeNP), and the second, third, and fourth groups were fed diets containing 0.2, 0.4, and 0.6 g/kg Che-SeNP, respectively. The results showed that the dietary supplementation of Che-SeNP significantly (P < 0.05) increased body weight, body weight gain, and feed conversion ratio but decreased feed intake (P < 0.001) compared to the control group. The highest values of growth performance were recorded in the group fed 0.4 g Che-SeNP g/kg feed. Che-SeNP levels did not affect carcass traits, relative organs (except liver), or blood hematology (except platelet count and hemoglobin level) of quails. Plasma total protein, albumin, aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and urea values were not affected by dietary Che-SeNP, but alanine aminotransferase and lactate dehydrogenase values declined. Globulin and creatinine values were linearly increased with the inclusion of Che-SeNP (0.4 and 0.6 g/kg) in quail diets compared to the control. The supplementation of Che-SeNP in quail diets significantly improved (P < 0.05) the plasma lipid profile and activities of antioxidant enzymes compared to the control group. Immunoglobulin G values of Che-SeNPs (0.4 and 0.6 g/kg) were higher (P < 0.05) than those in the control group. The groups fed diets supplemented with Che-SeNP showed lower (P < 0.0001) total bacterial count, total yeast and molds count, Coliform, Escherichia coli, Enterobacter, and Salmonella colonization, and higher (P = 0.0003 and 0.0048) lactic acid bacteria counts than those in the control group. In conclusion, dietary supplementation with Che-SeNP can improve the performance, lipid profile, antioxidant indices, and immunity, as well as decrease intestinal pathogens in quails.
Significance of microRNA-330/TYMS expression axis through colorectal tumorigenesis
Authors: Karimi Leila , Jaberi Milad , Asadi Milad , Zarredar Habib , Zafari Venus , Bornehdeli Soghra , Niknam Saman , Kermani Touraj Asvadi
Published: May 2021

Background

Colorectal cancer is one of the most common types of cancer worldwide. MiR-330 has been reported as a cell proliferation inhibitor by suppressing thymidylate synthase (TYMS) in FOLFOX, one of the major chemotherapy regimens used to treat colorectal cancers. A number of dysregulated miRNAs have been linked to CRC progression and treatment response and are thought to be promising prognostic biomarkers for this cancer. In the current study, miR-330, TYMS, and their interactions have been investigated in the absence of this chemotherapy to evaluate their therapeutic and diagnostic value for other treatment methods.
Material and Methods

The expression levels of miR-330 and TYMS were evaluated in-silico using TCGA datasets for colorectal cancer. Data validation was performed on a set of internal samples (100 pairs of CRC tumor specimens and adjacent non-cancerous samples) were determined utilizing RT-qPCR assay. The linkage between clinicopathological parameters and expression levels was also investigated.
Results

TCGA results illustrated that miR-330 and TYMS are significantly upregulated and downregulated through colorectal tumorigenesis, respectively. QRT-PCR results confirmed that the expression level of miR-330 was significantly higher in tumor tissues relative to margin tissues (p value = 0/0005) whereas TYMS was significantly down-regulated (p value = 0.0001). However, there was no significant association regarding TYMS and patient pathological features while miR-330 expression was associated with tumor stage and lymph node metastases.
Conclusion

The microRNA-330 inhibited cell proliferation by suppressing thymidylate synthase (TYMS) in colorectal cancer. Therefore, suggesting that they are valuable factors for further studies of alternative treatment and diagnostic methods.
Double Overexpression of Mir-19a & Mir-20a in Induced Pluripotent Stem Cell-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells Effectively Preserves the Left Ventricular Function tn Dilated Cardiomyopathic Rat
Authors: Sheu Jiunn-Jye , Chai Han-Tan , Sung Pei‐Hsun , Chiang John Y. , Huang Tien-Hung , Shao Pei-Lin , Wu Shun-Cheng , Yip Hon-Kan
Published: May 2021

Background: This study tested the hypothesis that double overexpression of miR-19a & miR-20a (dOex-mIRs) in human induced pluripotent stem cell (iPS)-derived mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) effectively preserved left-ventricular-ejection-fraction (LVEF) in dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) (i.e., induced by doxorubicin) rat.Methods and Results: In vitro study was categorized into groups G1 (iPS-MSC), G2 (iPS-MSCdOex-mIRs), G3 (iPS-MSC + H2O2/100uM), and G4 (iPS-MSCdOex-mIRs + H2O2/100uM). The in vitro results showed the cell viability was significantly lower in G3 than in G1 and G2, and that was reversed in G4 but it showed no difference between G1/G2 at time points of 6h/24h/48h, whereas the flow cytometry of intra-cellular/mitochondrial oxidative stress (DCFA/mitoSOX) and protein expressions of mitochondrial-damaged (cytosolic-cytochrome-C/DRP1/Cyclophilin-D), oxidative-stress (NOX-1/NOX2), apoptotic (cleaved-caspase-3/PARP), fibrotic (p-Smad3/TGF-ß) and autophagic (ratio of LC3B-II/LC3BI) biomarkers exhibited an opposite pattern of cell-proliferation rate (all p<0.001). Adult-male SD rats (n=32) were equally divided into groups 1 (sham-operated control), 2 (DCM), 3 (DCM + iPS-MSCs/1.2 x 106 cells/administered by post-28 day’s DCM induction) and 4 (DCM + iPS-MSCdOex-mIRs/1.2 x 106 cells) and euthanized by day 60 after DCM induction. LV myocardium protein expressions of oxidative-stress signaling (p22-phox/NOX-1/NOX-2/ASK1/p-MMK4,7/p-JNK1,2/p-cJUN), upstream (TLR-4/MAL/MyD88/TRIF/TRAM/ TFRA6/IKKα/ß/NF-κB) and downstream (TNF-α/IL-1ß/MMP-9) inflammatory signalings, apoptotic (cleaved-PARP/mitochondrial-Bax), fibrotic (Smad3/TGF-ß), mitochondrial-damaged (cytosolic-cytochrome-C/DRP1/cyclophilin-D) and autophagic (beclin1/Atg5) biomarkers were highest in group 2, lowest in group 1 and significantly lower in group 4 than in group 3, whereas the LVEF exhibited an opposite pattern of oxidative stress (all p<0.0001).Conclusion: iPS-MSCdOex-mIRs therapy was superior to iPS-MSC therapy for preserving LV function in DCM rat.
“Predictive Factors of Malignancy in Pediatric Patients with Thyroid Nodules and Performance of the Italian Classification (SIAPEC 2014) in the Outcome of the Cytological FNA Categories”
Authors: Tuli Gerdi , Munarin Jessica , Agosto Erica , Matarazzo Patrizia , Quaglino Francesco , Mormile Alberto , De Sanctis Luisa
Published: May 2021

Purpose: The rate of malignancy (ROM) among pediatric studies using the Bethesda System is 39.5% and 41.5% for atypia of undetermined significance/follicular lesion of undetermined significance and for suspected follicular neoplasm, respectively. Data reported on the basis of Bethesda System system showed lower ROM in adults with indeterminate nodules (30.5% and 28.9% respectively). Studies on adults based on the Italian Society of Anatomic Pathology and Cytology (SIAPEC) classification, report ROM of 14.2 % for TIR3a and 44.6% for TIR3b category, showing greater sensitivity in detecting malignancy. To date, no performance data are available about SIAPEC classification in pediatric age.Methods: retrospective data were collected from 200 pediatric subjects with thyroid nodules in the period 2000-2020.Results: The distribution of cytological categories after fine needle aspiration biopsy (FNAB) was 7 TIR1, 4 TIR1c, 22 TIR2, 14 TIR3a, 9 TIR3b, 3 TIR4 and 16 TIR5. Surgical approach was performed in 40/200 subjects, with total ROM of 65% (0% for TIR1-TIR3a, 77.8% for TIR3b and 100 % for TIR4-TIR5). Total FNAB accuracy was 95%, while the sensibility and specificity were 92.3% and 92.6%, respectively. Conclusions: The reported data seem to confirm a greater sensitivity of SIAPEC classification to identify malignancy within the indeterminate category also in pediatric age and not only in adulthood. This finding may orient clinicians towards clinical follow-up for the indeterminate TIR3a group and towards surgical approach with total thyroidectomy in the indeterminate TIR3b group, although this indication should be confirmed in further national multicenter studies including larger cohorts.
Effect of Specimen Thickness and Compositions on the Fracture Toughness Investigations of Al7075-SiC/Al2O3 Hybrid Composites
Authors: Alhadhrami A , Prasanna B M , Doddamani Saleemsab , M Rajesh A
Published: May 2021

The current work is to examine the effect of the parameters like specimen thickness, crack length to width ratio and composition of the reinforcements used in aluminium-silicon carbide/alumina particulate composite. The said composite is processed using the stir casting route. Taguchi's optimization techniques such as experiments, ANOVA and regression techniques have been utilized to investigate the parameters. Three factors and their levels considered are the composition of reinforcements (3, 6 and 9 wt%), the thickness of specimen (10, 12, 15 mm) and a/W ratio (0.45, 0.47 and 0.50). Results show increment in composition beyond 6wt%, and a/W ratio decreases the fracture toughness of hybrid composites. From Taguchi's analysis, for a/W ratio = 0.45, 12mm thick specimens and 6wt% of reinforcements in aluminium matrix exhibit the larger fracture toughness. Thus those parameters are considered to be optimized parameters. The analysis shows that the a/W ratio influences fracture toughness, followed by the composition and specimen thickness.
Seroprevalence of Toxoplasma gondii Infection among Pregnant Women Attending Antenatal Care in Asmara, Eritrea: Preliminary Report
Authors: Tecle Asmerom Seyoum , Talha Albadawi Abdelbagi , Mohamedahmed Khalid Abdelsamea , Abakar Adam Dawoud
Published: May 2021

Background

The majority of human infections with Toxoplasma produce no symptoms, but in congenitally infected children can cause devastating effects including eye blindness, brain damage, or miscarriage. Transmission to the fetus occurs predominantly in women who acquire their primary infection during gestation.
Objective

The study aimed to determine the seroprevalence of T. gondii among pregnant women attending Antenatal Care (ANC) in different sites of Asmara, Eritrea, and to identify possible risk factors associated with Toxoplasma infection among pregnant women attending the antenatal center.
Methods

The study has followed a cross-sectional laboratory-based survey. The data were collected from 210 pregnant women in four health facilities. Voluntary sampling technique and a structured questionnaire were used to collect associate factors and socio-demographic information. Cobas e411 clinical chemistry Analyzers was used to test the blood serum for IgG and IgM antibodies. Epi-Info (V 7.0) was used for data entry and SPSS (V 20.0) was used for data analysis.
Results

From the 210 samples, 53.6% (112) samples were seropositive and 46.4% (97) samples were seronegative for toxoplasma specific IgG antibody. Furthermore, 2.9% (6) samples were seropositive and 97.1% (203) samples were seronegative for toxoplasma-specific IgM antibodies.
Conclusion

The seroprevalence was considerably high, 53.6% IgG antibody and 2.9% IgM antibody which requests attention, in order to introduce preventive control measures, screening tests, and health education.
Gray scale ultrasound feature typing of metastasis in the ovary, especially signet-ring cell carcinoma
Authors: Liu Junying , Chang Cai , Zhang Haixian
Published: May 2021

Background To describe the gray scale ultrasound features of metastatic ovarian tumors on the basis of the origin of the primary tumor in a large study population. This retrospective study included 112 patients with 188 histopathologically confirmed metastatic ovarian tumors. Among the patients, 102 were detected with 143 masses via ultrasonography. Patient age, mass bilaterality, maximum tumor diameter and ultrasound image character were recorded. Results Ultrasound images were classified into three subtypes: (type A) multilocular-solid, (type B) purely solid, and (type C) solid with several round or oval cysts. The metastatic tumors in the ovaries were mostly bilateral but had a lower rate of bilaterality when detected by ultrasound. Breast cancer metastasis had the highest misdetection rate (69.6%) because its focal metastasis could only be recognized by histology or immunohistochemistry. Stomach was the most common origin of metastasis: 45.7% and 51.0% via pathology and ultrasonography, respectively. Metastases that originated from colon mostly belonged to type A (65.9%) and closely mimicked primary epithelial ovarian tumor morphologically. Metastases that originated from stomach predominantly belonged to types B (31.9%) and C (58.3%). Signet-ring cell carcinoma (SRCC) corresponded to types B and C only regardless of its origin. Conclusions The novel typing method developed herein provides more vivid images for classifying ovary metastasis compared with existing typing methods.
Fertilizer and Plant Growth Regulator Strategies for Improving Consumer Performance of Container-grown Petunia
Authors: Ebba Jonathan , Dickson Ryan W. , Fisher Paul R. , Harris Crysta N. , Guerdat Todd , Flores Sofia
Published: May 2021

The overall goal was to evaluate fertilizer options for greenhouse producers, with or without a plant growth regulator (PGR) application, to improve subsequent performance of container-grown annuals. Petunia (Petunia × hybrida) was the model container-grown crop in simulated production and consumer environments. The first experiment at two locations (New Hampshire and Florida) compared strategies using water-soluble fertilizer [WSF (17N–1.8P–14.1K)], controlled-release fertilizers (CRF), and slow-release fertilizers (SRF) that were either applied throughout or at the end of the 8-week production phase [point of shipping (POS)] for petunia rooted cuttings grown in 8-inch azalea containers. In the subsequent simulated “consumer” phase, container plants were irrigated with clear water (no fertilizer) for 6 weeks. Plant performance [number of flowers, SPAD chlorophyll index, dry weight, and tissue nitrogen (N)] at the end of the consumer phase was improved by top-dressing at POS with either CRF or granular organic fertilizer (both at 2.74 g/container N), or preplant incorporation of either a typical CRF at 4.12 g/container N or a CRF with an additional prill coating to delay initial release (DCT) at 2.74 g/container. There was no carry-over benefit from applying a liquid urea-chain product (1.37 or 2.74 g/container N) or top dressing with granular methylene di-urea (2.74 g/container N), or 400 mg·L–1 N (0.2 g/container N) from a liquid organic fertilizer at POS. The consumer benefit of applying 400 mg·L–1 N (0.2 g/container N) from a WSF at POS was increased by supplementing with 235 mg·L–1 magnesium (Mg) and 10 mg·L–1 iron (Fe). A second experiment in 10-inch-diameter pots evaluated the effect on consumer performance from providing 200 or 400 mg·L–1 N of WSF with the PGR paclobutrazol, at the final 1 L/pot irrigation at POS. Application of 3 mg·L–1 paclobutrazol delayed leaf yellowing and reduced plant height, width, and shoot dry weight during the consumer phase, resulting in a more compact growth habit and higher plant quality compared with plants that received no PGR, regardless of WSF treatment. Addition of supplemental 235 mg·L–1 Mg and 10 mg·L–1 Fe to the high rate of WSF and PGR did not improve consumer performance compared with other treatments that included a PGR. Overall, the first experiment demonstrated that the most effective fertilizer strategies require a CRF or SRF that will release nutrients throughout the consumer phase, and that impact of liquid fertilizer options is limited because of lower N supply per container. A single application at POS of a high rate of WSF with supplemental Mg and Fe may have short-term benefits, for example while plants are in a retail environment. Growers should consider combining a residual fertilizer with a PGR application for premium, value-added container annuals.
Interplay between fluid circulation and Alpine metamorphism in the Monte Rosa whiteschist from white mica and quartz in situ oxygen isotope analysis by SIMS
Authors: Luisier Cindy , Baumgartner Lukas P. , Bouvier Anne-Sophie , Putlitz Benita
Published: May 2021

In situ oxygen isotope compositions of white mica and quartz have been used to characterize the interplay of metamorphism and fluid events between a metasomatic whiteschist and its granite protolith in the Monte Rosa nappe, Western Alps. New natural muscovite and phengite reference materials were calibrated for in situ Secondary Ion Mass Spectrometry (SIMS) oxygen isotope measurement. White mica and quartz oxygen isotope compositions were measured in situ in one whiteschist and two metagranites. Based on microtextural observation, phengite composition of white mica, and phase petrology modeling, it is possible to identify two events of fluid infiltration and one event of fluid expulsion, all of which were responsible for forming this unique whiteschist occurrence and for tracing its metamorphic evolution from late Permian intrusion to Alpine subduction and finally to the present day, exhumed whiteschist.

Metagranite samples contain three generations of white mica: igneous, high-P metamorphic, and late Alpine, retrograde compositions. In the whiteschist samples, we distinguish two distinct Alpine white mica generations: (1) prograde to peak generation and (2) retrograde generation.

The δ18OVSMOW values of white mica and quartz from a whiteschist of 5.3 to 7.3‰ and 9.1 to 10.6‰ are significantly lower than in the metagranites, with 9.1 to 10.8‰ and 13.2 to 14.6‰, respectively. This indicates a complete recrystallization of the whiteschist protolith during intense fluid-rock interaction. Subsequent Alpine metamorphism transformed the protolith into the whiteschist. The isotopic composition of the whiteschist, fine-grained, retrograde white mica (5.3 to 6‰) is lower than that of the high-pressure phengite (6.2 and 7.5‰). The low δ18O values could be explained by infiltration of external fluids with δ18O values of 2 to 6‰. Such fluids would carry the isotopic signature of the serpentinites of the Piemonte-Liguria Ocean by either equilibration of fluids with or dehydration of serpentinites. Another, more simple explanation would be the infiltration of very small quantities of fluids leading to the breakdown of chloritoid. Local inheritance of the oxygen composition would then hide the origin of the fluids.

Isotope exchange temperatures calculated from high-P phengite-quartz pairs in whiteschist give an average temperature of 440 ± 50 °C. These are lower than the best T-estimates from phase petrology of 570 °C, at 2.2 GPa. Igneous muscovite-quartz pairs in the metagranite yield 400 ± 40 °C. Only one high-P phengite-quartz pair was analyzed, resulting in 350 ± 40 °C. Greenschist facies, low silica phengites give an average temperature of 310 ± 10 °C. Propagation of analytical uncertainty suggests large errors of 60 to 120 °C, due to the relatively small T-dependence of the quartz-white mica fractionation factor for oxygen isotopes.
The crystal structure of Fe2S at 90 GPa based on single-crystal X-ray diffraction techniques
Authors: Zurkowski Claire C. , Lavina Barbara , Chariton Stella , Tkachev Sergey , Prakapenka Vitali B. , Campbell Andrew J.
Published: May 2021

The Fe-S system was explored in a laser-heated diamond-anvil cell at 89(2) GPa and 2380(120) K to better understand the phase stability of Fe2S. Upon temperature quenching, crystallites of Fe2S were identified, and their structure was investigated using single-crystal X-ray diffraction techniques. At these conditions, Fe2S adopts the C23 structure (anti-PbCl2, Co2P) with space group Pnma (Z = 4). This structure consists of columns of corner-sharing, FeS4 tetrahedra, and columns of edge-sharing FeS5 square pyramids linked along edges in the b direction. Sulfur is in ninefold coordination with Fe. This study marks the first high-pressure structural solution and refinement of Fe2S synthesized in a multigrain Fe+FeS sample at 90 GPa and 2400 K and establishes the stability of C23 Fe2S at these conditions. A previous powder diffraction study reports an orthorhombic Fe2S phase with a C37, Co2Si-like unit cell above 190 GPa. A C23–C37 structural transition is inferred to explain the previously observed unit-cell parameters at higher pressures and temperatures. These results highlight the utility of applying single-crystal X-ray diffraction techniques to high P-T multigrain samples to explore the structural properties of iron-rich phases in Earth and planetary cores.
SECOND WAVE OF COVID 19 RISING CASES IN INDIA: SHORT COMMUNICATION SITUATION
Authors:   HOD Public Health Department, Noida International University, Delhi- NCR, India., Akinola Ajoke
Published: May 2021

Statistics currently indicated that the second wave of COVID 19 pandemic has killed over 2.94 million, and active cases 136.13 million globally as on April 12, 2021 reported by John Hopkins University and world health organization (WHO). India reported a first time record high ever of 13,689,453 COVID-19 infections, and 171,058 deaths from the ministry of health and WHO revealed on April 12, 2021. As India (13,873,825 confirmed cases and 172,085 deaths) (April, 14 2021) over takes Brazil, in the rising cases of Infection of COVID-19 as the second worst hit country in the world. It becomes the second-most affected country globally by the coronavirus after the United States (30, 888,765). Whereas the second wave is deadlier than the first wave according to the DG council of scientific and industrial research, Dr. Shekhar Mande.Preventable solutions are all but not limited to identify reasons for the spike and implement measures immediately. Some of which are uncontrolled gathering, floating of electoral commission (EC) guidelines on COVID-19 prevention during the election campaign political rallies. Some religious gatherings not adhering to the government protocol on COVID 19 prevention practices during this period (April 2021). Initially testing was limited to the high risk groups but has been expanded to cover several populations with the governments intervention. Further is to improve contact tracing, instead of negligence across the states. Drive for testing measures and rapid vaccination drive should continue as identified that authorities concerned are not testing enough. Lastly never ignore any warning signs or strange body feelings you might encounter. Act immediately, implement all preventive measures and seek medical help at once.
SOLANUMDIPHYLLUML. (SOLANACEAE) -A NEW RECORD TO THE FLORA OF GUJARATSTATE, INDIA
Authors:   VandeVasundhara Research Laboratory, Bhuj - Kachchh, Gujarat., Prajapati K.I. , Sumra K.A. ,   KSKV Kachchh University, Bhuj - Kachchh, Gujarat., Joshi E.P. ,   R. R. Lalan College, Bhuj - Kachchh, Gujarat.
Published: May 2021

SolanumdiphyllumL. (Solanaceae) is a perennial shrubreported here for the first timewas formerly seen in different districts of Gujaratstate like Morbi, Gir-Somnath, and Baroda. A brief description of the species along withflowring and fruiting period, remarks and photographs are provided for easy identification of the species.
THE POTENTIAL EFFECT OF FISH WASTE FERTILIZER ON THE GROWTH AND YIELD OF AMARANTHUS DUBIUS AND TRIGONELLAFOENUM-GRAECUM
Authors:   Assistant Professor, PG and Research Department of Zoology, Nirmala College for Women (Autonomous), Coimbatore - 641018., Thankachan Megha , Chitra G. ,   Assistant Professor, PG and Research Department of Zoology, Nirmala College for Women (Autonomous), Coimbatore - 641018.
Published: May 2021

The present investigation has been designed to prepare the organic fertilizer from fish waste and to study the efficacy of fish waste fertilizer on the growth and yield of the plants Amaranthus dubius (amaranthus) and Trigonella foenum- graecum (coriander). Fish wastes collected from the slaughter house has been converted into fertilizer and the nutrient quality in terms of protein, carbohydrate, nitrogen, phosphorous and potassium contents in the fish waste fertilizer were tested using standard procedures. For assessing the potential effect of prepared fertilizer on growth and yield, fish waste fertilizer sprayed (foliar spray) on the experimental plants in the interval of seven days and up to 35 days of experimental period. Triplicates experimental setup were maintained for both the experimental plants and Control (water). During the experimental period, plants in both control and experimental pots were randomly selected which had nearly same height in order to record various growths and yield parameters. The impact of treatment has been studied in terms of growth and yield parameters such as plant height (cm), shoot length (cm), number of leaves (cm), number of branches (cm), leaf length (cm), length of internodes (cm), root length (cm) and stem diameter (cm).
KNOWLEDGE REGARDING PREVENTION OF HELMINTHIC DISEASE AMONG SCHOOL CHILDREN
Authors:   Nursing Tutor, Department of Community Health Nursing, SMVDCoN, Kakryal, Katra., Kumari Sushma
Published: May 2021

Introduction: Helminthic diseases are worldwide in distribution infection is most common and most serious in poor countries. The distribution of these diseases is determined by climate, hygiene, diet, and exposure to vectors. he most serious helminthic diseases are acquired in poor tropical and subtropical areas, but some also occur in the developed world other, less serious, infections are worldwide in distribution. Exposure to infection is influenced by climate, hygiene, food preferences, and contact with vectors. Many potential infections are eliminated by host defenses others become established and may persist for prolonged periods, even years. Although infections are often asymptomatic, severe pathology can occur. Because worms are large and often migrate through the body, they can damage the hosts tissues directly by their activity or metabolism. Damage also occurs indirectly as a result of host defense mechanisms. Almost all organ systems can be affected. Methodology: In this descriptive study, 100 school children from selected schools of district Una in the age group of 14-17 years were selected as the samples for the study by using total stratified sampling technique. The data was collected by using self structured knowledge questionnaire on preventive measures of helminthic disease . Data analysis was performed by descriptive statistics and inferential statistics. SPSS-17 software was used and P values less than 0.05 were considered significant. Result: The findings shows that the majority of children had fair level of knowledge (54%), 24% children had poor level of knowledge, 20% children had good level of knowledge and 2% children had excellent level of knowledge regarding preventive measures of helminthic diseases. Discussion: The result shows that out of 100 school children, only 2% of the school children had excellent level of knowledge, 20% of school children had good level of knowledge, 54% of the school children had fair level of knowledge and 24% of the school children had poor level of the knowledge regarding preventive measures of helminthic diseases which was calculated at 0.05 level of significance.
A COMPARATIVE STUDY OF THE PERCEPTIONS OF RURAL DWELLERS TOWARDS HEALTH CARE DELIVERY
Authors:   Department of Education Biology, Federal College of Education, Eha Amufu, Nigeria., a Felix , Ugwu J. ,   Department of Education Biology, Federal College of Education, Eha Amufu, Nigeria., Okenyi Clara ,   Department of Education Biology, Federal College of Education, Eha Amufu, Nigeria.
Published: May 2021

The present study aimed to comparatively analyze healthcare delivery perception among rural dwellers based on education (formal/informal) and gender. The study adopted a cross-sectional survey design. A total of two hundred rural dwellers comprising males and females participated in the study. Perception towards health care delivery was measured with a self-developed instrument with demographic information. An independent t-test analysis found no statistically significant relationship between education and perception towards health care delivery. However, the result revealed a significant relationship between gender and perception towards health care delivery. Females were found to show a more positive attitude towards health care delivery than their male counterparts. The findings and conclusions are discussed.
A STUDY OF FACTORS INFLUENCING JOB STRESS AMONG NIGERIAN WORKERS
Authors:   Department of Business Education, Federal College of Education, Eha Amufu, Enugu State, Nigeria., N. Ugwu Jacinta , D. Aribido Monday ,   Department of Business Education, Federal College of Education, Eha Amufu, Enugu State, Nigeria.
Published: May 2021

The study was conducted to examine workplace stress based on delayed promotion and workplace welfare packages. The study adopted a cross-sectional survey. Workers from Federal, state, and private sectors were drawn from ministries, agencies, and departments as the research participants. The participants included a total of one hundred and thirty-eight (138) workers comprising male and female. A self-developed scale was used for data collection. The findings revealed that delayed promotion in the workplace does not necessarily predict workplace stress.On the other hand, the result also found that workplace welfare packages significantly predicted job stress. The current study concludes that workers observed non-promotion in work is not a contributory factor in job stress among workers. However, workplace welfare packages are implicated in job stress. Therefore, the study recommends that functional workplace welfare packages be established in the workplace.
EFFECTIVE LEARNING OF CHEMISTRY AMONG SECONDARY SCHOOL STUDENTS: THE ROLE OF LOCALLY SOURCED INSTRUCTIONAL MATERIALS
Authors:   Department of Chemistry, Federal College of Education, Eha Amufu, Enugu State, Nigeria., N. Offor Evelyn
Published: May 2021

The present study aimed to examine the predictive role of locally sourced instructional materials on the practical learning of chemistry among secondary school students. A total of two hundred and eighteen secondary school students participated in the study. A cross-sectional survey design was adopted. The participants responded to a self-report measure on their experience of locally sourced instructional material and the perceived learning outcome. A simple linear regression was conducted on the data, and the result showed that locally sourced instructional material statistically predicted effective learning of chemistry. Finding and conclusions are discussed.
Factors determining the clinical significance of dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors in the treatment of elderly patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus
Authors: Glinkina I. V. , Balashova A. V. , Shyman A. S. , Oderij A. V. , Khan S. A. , Runova G. E. , Morgunova T. B. , Fadeev V. V.
Published: May 2021

Elderly patients with diabetes type 2 represent complex and heterogeneous group with different diabetes complications and comorbidity, polypharmacy, functional and cognitive state. Each of those factors should be taken into account to choose the best glycemic targets as well as the most tailored treatment so that it is necessary for endocrinologist to perform geriatric assessment. The most favorable antidiabetic drugs for elderly are safe in terms of hypoglycemia and cardiovascular risks, can be used irrespective of kidney function, do not affect weight or bone mineral density, and are available in fixed combinations with other drugs. Dipeptidyl pepti-dase-4 (DPP-4) inhibitors meet all these requirements with low adverse events rate. Interdisciplinary approach, close interaction with patient and his relatives and considerations for both intensification and deprescribing are keys to successful treatment in this patient subgroup. Cardiovascular events are the most common cause of death and hypoglycemia is highly unfavorable in elderly because it can lead to falls, life-threatening arrhythmias, and cognitive impairment. So deprescribing in elderly with diabetes should be primarily aimed at minimizing of cardiovascular events and severe hypoglycemia risks. For this purpose, it is considered to the reject use of sulfonylureas, glinides, insulins in favor of safer ones (metformin, GLP-1 receptor agonists, SGLT-2 inhibitors, DPP-4 inhibitors).
Cardioprotective effects of alendronate bisphosphonate in patients with ischemic heart disease associated with type 2 diabetes mellitus and osteoporosis
Authors: Shilov S. N. , Berezikova E. N. , Popova A. A. , Samsonova E. N. , Teplyakov A. T. , Grakova E. V. , Kopeva K. V. , Molokov A. V. , Yakovleva I. V.
Published: May 2021

Introduction. Diabetes mellitus, cardiovascular diseases and osteoporosis are linked by common pathophysiological mechanisms.

Objective. To evaluate the effect of alendronate bisphosphonate on cardiovascular outcomes in comorbid patients with ischemic heart disease (CHD) associated with type 2 diabetes mellitus (type 2 diabetes) and osteoporosis during a two-year follow-up.

Materials and methods. A total of 112 women with comorbid pathology including osteoporosis, coronary artery disease, and type 2 diabetes were examined. The patients' condition was assessed at baseline and prospectively for 24 months with a combined endpoint assessment, including: mortality, readmission for cardiovascular diseases, the development of myocardial infarction (MI), stroke, atrial fibrillation. Women were divided into groups: group 1 (n = 59) included patients who received basic therapy for IHD and type 2 diabetes, group 2 (n = 53) included patients who, in addition to basic therapy for coronary artery disease and diabetes Type 2 was prescribed alendronic acid preparation.

Results and discussion. According to the results of two-year follow-up, the patients were divided into two subgroups: patients with a favorable (n = 61) and unfavorable course of coronary artery disease (n = 51). At the same time, during prospective observation, the following was assessed: the frequency of hospitalizations for cardiovascular diseases, the dynamics of the functional class (FC) of exertional angina, the development of MI, stroke, atrial fibrillation, and mortality. A significant association of alendronate therapy with a favorable course of ischemic heart disease (OR = 0.26; 95% CI = 0.18-0.57; p = 0.008), a decrease in the risk of MI (OR = 0.32; 95% CI = 0.11-0.87; p = 0.018) and worsening of FC of exertional angina (OR = 0.4; 95% CI = 0.17-0.91; p = 0.014).

Conclusion. Long-term (24 months) use of alendronate is an effective and safe method for the treatment of associated cardiovascular pathology, represented by coronary artery disease, type 2 diabetes and osteoporosis in postmenopausal women, reducing the risk of MI, worsening of FC of exertional angina. These results suggest a more aggressive prescription of alendronate for osteoporotic patients at very high cardiovascular risk.
Fast-acting insulin aspart - from insulin portraits to patient portraits
Authors: Demidova T. Yu. , Izmaylova M. Ya.
Published: May 2021

Postprandial hyperglycemia is an independent risk factor for cardiovascular disease (CVD). Bolus insulins aim to mimic the physiological action of endogenous insulin secreted in response to food intake to control peaks of postprandial glycemia (PPG). Ultrafast insulin aspart is insulin with a high rate of absorption into the bloodstream that is designed to mimic the physiological prandial release of insulin more accurately than currently available short-acting or ultra-short-acting insulin preparations. The high bioavailability of ultrafast insulin aspart was achieved through the addition of two excipients — nicotinamide and L-arginine. At the same time, L-arginine ensures the stability of the drug, and nicotinamide is responsible for the accelerated absorption of insulin after subcutaneous administration. The results of clinical studies showed that subcutaneous injection of ultra-fast-acting insulin aspart provided an earlier onset of action and a greater effect of lowering blood glucose levels compared with ultra-short-acting aspart. The use of ultrafast insulin aspart both with subcutaneous injections and with CSII provided better control of PPG compared to the analogue of ultra-short-acting aspart. Moreover, the use of ultra-fast-acting insulin aspart 20 minutes after the start of a meal was not inferior to the ultra-short-acting aspart administered before meals in terms of HbA1c control. This emphasizes the possibility of using ultra-fast insulin aspart both before and after meals, without impairing glycemic control.