bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Competitive Game Model and Evolutionary Strategy Analysis of Green Power and Thermal Power Generation
Authors: Qiao Yongsheng , Qiao Risheng , Qiao Yongmei
Published: August 2024

In the context of achieving carbon peak and carbon neutrality goals, the power industry has become a key and challenging place to promote the green and low-carbon transformation of the economy and society. We selected green power generation enterprises and thermal power generation enterprises in the power industry as the research objects and applied relevant theories such as game theory and low-carbon economy theory to analyze the low-carbon transformation path of electricity under the “dual carbon” goal. We quantitatively analyzed the competition and cooperation relationship between green power and thermal power. Based on mutual benefit preferences, a competitive game model was constructed, and the optimal competitive equilibrium electricity quantity and price of both parties were discussed in different scenarios. The master–slave game problem was transformed into a double-layer game model and solved using the GA algorithm. We draw the following conclusions: (1) When green power enterprises and thermal power enterprises compete to achieve equilibrium, a high degree of altruistic willingness is a necessary condition for both parties to maximize their own utility. (2) A high-level mutually beneficial relationship is a key factor in effectively improving overall profits. (3) In the long-term mutually beneficial competitive relationship between green power and thermal power, by quantitatively adjusting the internal and external factors that affect system evolution, the quantitative adjustment of the feasible domain boundaries of the evolution of the mutually beneficial competitive relationship can be achieved, thereby influencing the existing transformation of the competitive relationship to evolve toward the desired direction.
Anthropometric Formulas Repurposed to Predict Body Fat Content from Ultrasound Measurements of Subcutaneous Fat Thickness
Authors: Muntean Paul , Miclos-Balica Monica , Macavei George Andrei , Munteanu Oana , Neagu Adrian , Neagu Monica
Published: August 2024

Body composition assessment helps conducting a healthy life or tracking the effectiveness of a weight management therapy. Ultrasound (US)-based body composition research has gained momentum because of the emergence of portable and inexpensive instruments bundled with user-friendly software. Previously, US-based assessment of body fat percentage (% BF) was found precise, but inaccurate in certain populations. Therefore, this study sought to compute % BF from subcutaneous fat thicknesses (SFs) given by US converting an anthropometric formula that involves skinfold thicknesses (SKFs) measured at the same sites. The symmetry of the body with respect to the central sagittal plane is an underlying assumption in both anthropometry and US-based body composition assessment, so measurements were taken on the right side of the body. Relying on experimental data on skinfold compressibility, we adapted 33 SKF formulas for US use and tested their validity against air displacement plethysmography on a study group of 97 women (BMI = 25.4 ± 6.4 kg/m2, mean ± SD) and 107 men (BMI = 26.7 ± 5.7 kg/m2). For both sexes, the best proprietary formula had Lin’s concordance correlation coefficient (CCC) between 0.7 and 0.73, standard error of estimate (SEE) < 3% BF and total error (TE) > 6% BF—mainly because of the underestimation of % BF in overweight and obese subjects. For women (men) the best adapted formula had CCC = 0.85 (0.80), SEE = 3.2% (2.4%) BF, and TE = 4.6% (5.4%) BF. Remarkably, certain adapted formulas were more accurate for overweight and obese people than the proprietary equations. In conclusion, anthropometric equations provide useful starting points in the quest for novel formulas to estimate body fat content from ultrasound measurements.
Lepton Flavor Universality Tests in Semileptonic b→c Decays
Authors: Klaver Suzanne , Rotondo Marcello
Published: August 2024

Semileptonic decays of b- to c-hadrons provide an exciting environment to probe new physics and currently present some of the most compelling anomalies in the field of flavor physics. Measurements of the lepton flavor universality ratios R(D*), comparing branching fractions with τ and μ leptons, show a discrepancy of over 3σ with respect to the Standard Model, and suggest that the coupling to τ leptons is stronger than predicted. Measurements of angular distributions as well as polarization in b- to c-hadron decays provide additional sensitivity to new physics. This review article offers an overview of the theory of semileptonic b- to c-hadron decays, presents the experiments and experimental techniques used to perform measurements of these decays, and summarizes the latest experimental results with their implications.
Content and Enantiomeric Composition of 1-Octen-3-yl Acetate in Lavender Essential Oils
Authors: Čuchorová Justína , Blaško Jaroslav , Farkaš Pavel , Peterková Júlia
Published: August 2024

This study investigates the enantiomeric composition and possibilities of analysis of 1-octen-3-yl acetate (OcAc), a chiral compound found in various samples of lavender essential oils (EOs). Essential oils are complex mixtures exhibiting diverse biological activities and are often subject to sophisticated adulteration methods, necessitating advanced analytical techniques for authenticity verification. Using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry and chiral gas chromatography, the analysis of lavender EOs samples determines the presence and enantiomeric ratios of OcAc. The results showed significant variations in the oils; however, there were minimal differences in enantiomeric purity among samples sourced from France, Bulgaria, and Slovakia. Major components such as linalool and linalyl acetate were predominant. The high enantiomeric purity of OcAc observed across all samples indicated there was no adulteration by synthetic products. The study underscores the importance of rigorous analytical methods to ensure the quality and authenticity of EOs, highlighting the influence of geographical origin on their chemical composition. These findings provided valuable insights into the factors affecting the authenticity and possible therapeutic efficacy of lavender essential oil.
Adaptive Difference Least Squares Support Vector Regression for Urban Road Collapse Timing Prediction
Authors: Han Yafang , Quan Limin , Liu Yanchun , Zhang Yong , Li Minghou , Shan Jian
Published: August 2024

The accurate prediction of urban road collapses is of paramount importance for public safety and infrastructure management. However, the complex and variable nature of road subsidence mechanisms, coupled with the inherent noise and non-stationarity in the data, poses significant challenges to the development of precise and real-time prediction models. To address these challenges, this paper develops an Adaptive Difference Least Squares Support Vector Regression (AD-LSSVR) model. The AD-LSSVR model employs a difference transformation to process the input and output data, effectively reducing noise and enhancing model stability. This transformation extracts trends and features from the data, leveraging the symmetrical characteristics inherent within it. Additionally, the model parameters were optimized using grid search and cross-validation techniques, which systematically explore the parameter space and evaluate model performance of multiple subsets of data, ensuring both precision and generalizability of the selected parameters. Moreover, a sliding window method was employed to address data sparsity and anomalies, ensuring the robustness and adaptability of the model. The experimental results demonstrate the superior adaptability and precision of the AD-LSSVR model in predicting road collapse timing, highlighting its effectiveness in handling the complex nonlinear data.
Evaluating the Reputation of Internet Financial Platforms in China: A Sustainable Operations Perspective
Authors: You Ge , Guo Hao , Dagestani Abd Alwahed , Alnafrah Ibrahim
Published: August 2024

In China, many Internet financial platforms (IFPs) are grappling with sustainability challenges due to elevated default rates, which have triggered widespread investor anxiety. To evaluate the sustainability practices of these platforms, we propose a reputation evaluation model designed to rank IFPs based on their sustainability. The economic sustainability of an IFP is decomposed into three components: scale strength, capital liquidity, and sustainable operating capability. Through an analysis of the correlation relationships between various indicators, we have identified nine significant indicators. Mathematical models are established to quantify these nine indicator variables. Subsequently, the score values of each indicator are integrated to establish a reputation evaluation model utilizing the weighted geometric mean method. Furthermore, the reputation evaluation values for 18 Chinese IFPs were calculated using the developed model, and the sustainability of the platforms was ranked according to the reputation evaluation value. A comparative analysis was also conducted between the sustainable rankings proposed in this study and the development rankings of the “Home of Online Loans” (HOL). The results reveal that our model effectively considers both the current operational strength and the sustainable development capability of the platform. It successfully identifies platforms with poor sustainability, assisting investors in making more informed decisions. Simultaneously, this study identifies key indicators influencing the sustainability of IFPs, providing valuable insights for managers seeking to enhance the sustainable operational levels of their platforms.
The Scale-Up of E-Commerce in Romania Generated by the Pandemic, Automation, and Artificial Intelligence
Authors: Nistor Andreea , Zadobrischi Eduard
Published: August 2024

This study examines the significant growth of e-commerce in Romania, which has surpassed the rates of expansion observed in other more developed countries of the European Union. Based on market analysis by sector-specific companies, the Romanian e-commerce market has reached over €6.5 billion. This rapid growth trajectory is expected to continue, driven by various factors, including the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic and the natural evolution of the market. The main purpose of this study is to assess the expansion of the e-commerce market in Romania, identify the key factors behind this growth, and project future market values. Data for this analysis has been collected from industry reports, market analysis, and relevant statistical databases. The study uses a quantitative approach, utilizing financial data and growth rates to forecast future market trends. The dataset includes financial figures from e-commerce sales, digital services such as bill payments, and airline and hotel bookings from 2018 to 2023. Projections for 2024 and beyond were derived from this historical data. In 2019, the e-commerce market in Romania was valued at €4.68 billion, representing a significant increase compared to previous years. By 2020, amid the pandemic, the market value increased to €5.5 billion, marking a 38.4% increase from the previous year. Forecasts for 2024 estimate that the market will exceed €8 billion. In addition, when related digital services are included, the total market value could exceed €10 billion, illustrating the substantial economic impact of the online sector and the growth potential. This study highlights the dynamic nature of the e-commerce landscape in Romania and underlines the significant economic opportunities it presents.
High-Resource Users among Renal Transplant Recipients
Authors: Maciejczyk Aleksandra , Łabuś Anna , Niemczyk Mariusz
Published: August 2024

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) represents a significant global epidemiological challenge, demanding considerable financial resources for treatment. Renal transplantation is the optimal approach for end-stage renal failure, being the most cost-effective option among renal replacement therapies. This narrative review aims to explore clinical conditions associated with excessive healthcare costs among renal transplant recipients, particularly focusing on high-resource users (HRU). We reviewed literature examining conditions generating high costs in kidney transplant patients, including infections, sepsis, pneumonia, antibody-mediated rejection (AMR), graft failure, advanced recipient age, heart failure, and fractures. Immunosuppressive therapies heighten the risk of infections, with sepsis and pneumonia posing significant costs. AMR is a major contributor to healthcare costs, but effective treatment of AMR can extend graft longevity and improve patient outcomes. Graft failure significantly increases medical expenses and adversely affects patient outcomes. Older recipients face higher post-transplant morbidity and mortality rates, though transplantation still offers better long-term survival compared to dialysis. Heart failure and fractures further elevate post-transplant costs and underscore the necessity of targeted interventions to mitigate associated risks. Ensuring kidney transplant care is sustainable and accessible requires a comprehensive strategy. This approach aims to improve patient outcomes while keeping costs reasonable.
Calibration of Polarization Data for Vector Magnetographs at the Huairou Solar Observing Station over the Past Four Decades
Authors: Su Jiangtao , Xu Haiqing , Liu Suo , Lin Jiaben , Wang Hui , Song Yongliang , Bai Xianyong , Yang Shangbin , Chen Jie , Wang Xiaofan , Sun Yingzi , Yang Xiao , Deng Yuanyong
Published: August 2024

The Huairou Solar Observing Station (HSOS) has conducted solar vector magnetic field observations for 40 years and developed multiple vector magnetographs (including one space magnetic field observation instrument). Using these accumulated magnetic field observation data, HSOS has achieved significant progress in solar physics research, including important advancements in the helicity sign rule of solar active regions, the helicity characteristics of strong and weak magnetic fields in active regions, the chromospheric magnetic field characteristics of the Sun, the evolution of magnetic fields in active regions, and the extraction of magnetic field characteristics for flare precursors. However, due to historical reasons, the calibration of vector magnetic field data in HSOS are not standardized. Therefore, this paper summarizes past historical experiences and introduces the standardized calibration procedure for vector magnetic field processing in detail. These calibration procedures are the basic steps of the calibration process for the space vector magnetograph (Full-Disk Vector MagnetoGraph, abbreviated as FMG) observation data, and are also applicable to the calibration of other instrument observation data at HSOS. They mainly include basic processing of polarization data and in-depth processing of vector magnetic fields. We believe that such calibration processing of the historical data collected by HSOS over the past 40 years will help us to accurately measure and analyze the solar magnetic field, further revealing the laws of solar activity and its impact on the Earth’s environment.
AI Analytics for Carbon-Neutral City Planning: A Systematic Review of Applications
Authors: Cong Cong , Page Jessica , Kwak Yoonshin , Deal Brian , Kalantari Zahra
Published: August 2024

Artificial intelligence (AI) has become a transformative force across various disciplines, including urban planning. It has unprecedented potential to address complex challenges. An essential task is to facilitate informed decision making regarding the integration of constantly evolving AI analytics into planning research and practice. This paper presents a review of how AI methods are applied in urban studies, focusing particularly on carbon neutrality planning. We highlight how AI is already being used to generate new scientific knowledge on the interactions between human activities and nature. We consider the conditions in which the advantages of AI-enabled urban studies can positively influence decision-making outcomes. We also consider the importance of interdisciplinary collaboration, responsible AI governance, and community engagement in guiding data-driven methods and suggest how AI can contribute to supporting carbon-neutrality goals.
Neutrophil-to-Lymphocyte Ratio and Cytokine Profiling as Predictors of Disease Severity and Survival in Unvaccinated COVID-19 Patients
Authors: Méndez Rodríguez Miguel Leonardo , Ponciano-Gómez Alberto , Campos-Aguilar Myriam , Tapia-Sánchez Wilfrido David , Duarte-Martínez Carlos Leonardo , Romero-Herrera Jesús Salvador , Olivas-Quintero Sandra , Saucedo-Campos Alberto Daniel , Méndez-Cruz Adolfo Rene , Jimenez-Flores Rafael , Ortiz-Navarrete Vianney , Romero-Ramírez Hector , Santos-Argumedo Leopoldo , Rosales-García Victor Hugo
Published: August 2024

Background: During the COVID-19 pandemic, identifying reliable biomarkers for predicting disease severity and patient outcomes in unvaccinated individuals is essential. This study evaluates the efficacy of key hematological markers, including leukocyte and neutrophil counts, Neutrophil-to-Lymphocyte Ratio (NLR), and cytokine profiles (IL-6, INF-γ, TNF-α, IL-17A, CCL2, and CXCL10) for predicting the necessity for mechanical ventilation and assessing survival probabilities. Methods: We conducted an in-depth analysis on a cohort of COVID-19 patients, emphasizing the relationship between NLR, cytokine profiles, and clinical outcomes, utilizing routine leukocyte counting and cytokine quantification by flow cytometry. Results: Elevated leukocyte and neutrophil counts, increased NLR, and significant cytokine elevations such as IL-6 and IL-10 were strongly associated with the need for mechanical ventilation, reflecting a pronounced systemic inflammatory response indicative of severe disease outcomes. Conclusion: Integrating hematological markers, particularly NLR and cytokine profiles, is crucial in predicting mechanical ventilation needs and survival in non-vaccinated COVID-19 patients. Our findings provide critical insights into the pathophysiology of COVID-19, supporting the development of more targeted clinical interventions and potentially informing future strategies for managing infectious disease outbreaks.
Lessons from Post-Immunotherapy Tumor Tissues in Clinical Trials: How Can We Fuel the Tumor Microenvironment in Gliomas?
Authors: Phung Lan Hoc , Nejo Takahide , Okada Hideho
Published: August 2024

Despite recent advancements in cancer immunotherapy, many patients with gliomas and glioblastomas have yet to experience substantial therapeutic benefits. Modulating the tumor microenvironment (TME) of gliomas, which is typically “cold”, is crucial for improving treatment outcomes. Clinical tumor specimens obtained post-immunotherapy provide invaluable insights. However, access to such post-immunotherapy samples remains limited, even in clinical trials, as tumor tissues are often collected only at tumor relapse. Recent studies of neoadjuvant immunotherapy provided important insights by incorporating surgical resections of post-treatment tumors. Moreover, pre-surgical immunotherapies are increasingly integrated into clinical trial designs to evaluate treatment efficacy. These investigations reveal critical information, particularly regarding the delivery success of therapeutic agents, the expansion and persistence of immune products, and the cellular and molecular changes induced in the TME. In this review, we assess the findings on post-treatment tumor specimens obtained from recent immunotherapy clinical trials on gliomas, highlight the importance of these samples for understanding therapeutic impacts, and discuss proactive investigation approaches for future clinical trials.
Immunity to Sexually Transmitted Bacterial Infections of the Female Genital Tract: Toward Effective Vaccines
Authors: Yount Kacy S. , Darville Toni
Published: August 2024

Sexually transmitted infections (STIs) caused by bacterial pathogens Chlamydia trachomatis, Neisseria gonorrhoeae, and Treponema pallidum present significant public health challenges. These infections profoundly impact reproductive health, leading to pelvic inflammatory disease, infertility, and increased susceptibility to other infections. Prevention measures, including antibiotic treatments, are limited by the often-asymptomatic nature of these infections, the need for repetitive and continual screening of sexually active persons, antibiotic resistance for gonorrhea, and shortages of penicillin for syphilis. While vaccines exist for viral STIs like human papillomavirus (HPV) and hepatitis B virus (HBV), there are no vaccines available for bacterial STIs. This review examines the immune responses in the female genital tract to these bacterial pathogens and the implications for developing effective vaccines against bacterial STIs.
Impact of Pre-Existing Immunity and Age on Antibody Responses to Live Attenuated Influenza Vaccine
Authors: Hoen Lukas , Lartey Sarah , Zhou Fan , Pathirana Rishi D. , Krammer Florian , Mohn Kristin G -I , Cox Rebecca J. , Brokstad Karl A.
Published: August 2024

Live attenuated influenza vaccines (LAIV) typically induce a poor hemagglutination inhibition (HI) response, which is the standard correlate of protection for inactivated influenza vaccines. The significance of the HI response is complicated because the LAIV vaccine primarily induces the local mucosal immune system, while the HI assay measures the circulating serum antibody response. However, age and pre-existing immunity have been identified as important factors affecting LAIV immunogenicity. This study aimed to extend our understanding of LAIV-induced immunity, particularly, the impact age and pre-existing immunity have on eliciting functional and neutralising antibody responses in paediatric and adult populations vaccinated with LAIV. Thirty-one children and 26 adults were immunized with the trivalent LAIV during the 2013–2014 influenza season in Norway. Children under 9 years received a second dose of LAIV 28 days after the first dose. Blood samples were collected pre- and post-vaccination. HI, microneutralization (MN) and enzyme-linked lectin assay for neuraminidase (NA) antibodies were measured against the vaccine strains. IgG antibody avidity against hemagglutinin (HA) and NA proteins from the vaccine strains was also assessed. Significant correlations were observed between HI and MN responses to A/California/7/2009 (A/H1N1)pdm09-like strain and B/Massachusetts/2/2012-like strain, suggesting that MN is a potential immunological correlate for LAIV. However, the relationship between recipient age (or priming status) and serological response varied between vaccine strains. There was a notable increase in HI and MN responses in all cohorts except naive children against the H1N1 strain, where most recipients had responses below the protective antibody threshold. NAI responses were generally weak in naive children against all vaccine strains compared with adults or antigen-primed children. Post-vaccination antibody avidity increased only in primed children below nine years of age against the A/H1N1 strain. Overall, our findings indicate that LAIV elicits functional and neutralizing antibody responses in both naive and antigen experienced cohorts, however, the magnitude and kinetics of the response varies between vaccine strains.
Integrating Science Media Literacy, Motivational Interviewing, and Neuromarketing Science to Increase Vaccine Education Confidence among U.S. Extension Professionals
Authors: Austin Erica Weintraub , O’Donnell Nicole , Rose Pamela , Edwards Zena , Sheftel Anya , Domgaard Shawn , Mu Di , Bolls Paul , Austin Bruce W. , Sutherland Andrew D.
Published: August 2024

This article presents an Integrative Model of Sustainable Health Decision-Making and a toolkit to equip U.S. Extension professionals with knowledge and skills to engage in adult immunization education. The objective was to reduce mistrust and increase willingness and confidence toward delivering vaccination education. The model was developed through an explanatory parallel mixed methods design. Data collection included a needs assessment survey, interviews, workshops, and Neuromarketing message testing. The resulting toolkit was pilot tested before final delivery. Four key needs were identified: tailoring trainings based on Extension roles, prioritizing preserving community trust and professional credibility, establishing connections with medical experts, and strengthening Science Media Literacy skills to counter misinformation and communicate emerging science. Correlations among constructs supported an integrated model focused on a professional development core of Science Media Literacy, Motivational Interviewing, and Neuromarketing Science that strengthens communication relationships between priority populations and trusted partners. The model and work described in this article can serve as a general framework for engaging key influencers in communities in communication education intended to promote sustainable well-being, such as increasing vaccine uptake.
Treatments and the Perspectives of Developing a Vaccine for Chagas Disease
Authors: Farani Priscila Silva Grijó , Jones Kathryn Marie , Poveda Cristina
Published: August 2024

Chagas disease (CD) treatment and vaccine development are critical due to the significant health burden caused by the disease, especially in Latin America. Current treatments include benznidazole and nifurtimox, which are most effective in the acute phase of the disease but less so in the chronic phase, often with significant side effects. Here, using the available literature, we summarize the progress in vaccine development and new treatments that promise to reduce CD incidence and improve the quality of life for those at risk, particularly in endemic regions. New treatment options, such as posaconazole and fexinidazole, are being explored to improve efficacy and reduce adverse effects. Vaccine development for CD remains a high priority. The complex life stages and genetic diversity of Trypanosoma cruzi present challenges, but several promising vaccine candidates are under investigation. These efforts focus on stimulating a protective immune response through various innovative approaches.
Preclinical Evaluation of Novel Sterically Optimized VLP-Based Vaccines against All Four DENV Serotypes
Authors: Rothen Dominik A. , Dutta Sudip Kumar , Krenger Pascal S. , Vogt Anne-Cathrine S. , Lieknina Ilva , Sobczak Jan M. , Osterhaus Albert D. M. E. , Mohsen Mona O. , Vogel Monique , Martina Byron , Tars Kaspars , Bachmann Martin F.
Published: August 2024

Over the past few decades, dengue fever has emerged as a significant global health threat, affecting tropical and moderate climate regions. Current vaccines have practical limitations, there is a strong need for safer, more effective options. This study introduces novel vaccine candidates covering all four dengue virus (DENV) serotypes using virus-like particles (VLPs), a proven vaccine platform. The dengue virus envelope protein domain III (EDIII), the primary target of DENV-neutralizing antibodies, was either genetically fused or chemically coupled to bacteriophage-derived AP205-VLPs. To facilitate the incorporation of the large EDIII domain, AP205 monomers were dimerized, resulting in sterically optimized VLPs with 90 N- and C-termini. These vaccines induced high-affinity/avidity antibody titers in mice, and confirmed their protective potential by neutralizing different DENV serotypes in vitro. Administration of a tetravalent vaccine induced high neutralizing titers against all four serotypes without producing enhancing antibodies, at least not against DENV2. In conclusion, the vaccine candidates, especially when administered in a combined fashion, exhibit intriguing properties for potential use in the field, and exploring the possibility of conducting a preclinical challenge model to verify protection would be a logical next step.
Investigation of Extracted Plasma Cell-Free DNA as a Biomarker in Foals with Sepsis
Authors: Hobbs Kallie J. , Cooper Bethanie L. , Dembek Katarzyna , Sheats M. Katie
Published: August 2024

Cell-free DNA (cfDNA) is fragmented extracellular DNA that is released from cells into various body fluids. Previously published data from adult horses supports cfDNA as a potential disease biomarker, but also shows that direct measurement in plasma is inaccurate due to matrix effect. It is currently unknown whether a similar matrix effect exists in foal plasma. Given this, the objectives of the current study were to investigate foal plasma for potential matrix effect during fluorescence measurement of cfDNA using a Qubit fluorometer, and to determine whether neat and/or extracted plasma cfDNA concentrations are significantly different in healthy, sick non-septic (SNS) or septic foals. We hypothesized that matrix effect would interfere with accurate fluorescent measurement of cfDNA in foal plasma. Further, we hypothesized that mean extracted cfDNA concentrations, and/or extracted cfDNA:neutrophil ratio, would be elevated in plasma of septic foals compared to healthy or SNS foals. Cell-free DNA was measured in neat plasma, and following DNA extraction with a commercial kit, from 60 foals. Foal plasma exhibited both autofluorescence and non-specific dye binding, confirming matrix effect. However, even with extraction, no significant difference was found in cfDNA concentrations, or cfDNA:neutrophil ratios, between healthy (sepsis score ≤ 5), SNS (sepsis score 6–11 and negative blood culture), or septic (sepsis score ≥ 12 ± positive blood culture) foals. Our data show that matrix effect interferes with accurate Qubit measurement of cfDNA in foal plasma and supports previous findings that plasma cfDNA concentrations are not associated with sepsis diagnosis in foals. Further research is needed to better understand neutrophil function and dysfunction in foal sepsis.
Transcriptomic Signatures of the Foetal Liver and Late Prenatal Development in Vitrified Rabbit Embryos
Authors: Vicente José Salvador , Valdés-Hernández Jesús , Marco-Jiménez Francisco
Published: August 2024

Assisted reproduction technologies (ARTs) are generally considered safe; however, emerging evidence highlights the need to evaluate potential risks in adulthood to improve safety further. ART procedures like rederivation of embryos by vitrification differ from natural conditions, causing significant disparities between in vitro and in vivo embryos, affecting foetal physiology and postnatal life. This study aims to investigate whether hepatic transcriptome and metabolome changes observed postnatally are already present in foetal livers at the end of gestation. This study compared fresh and vitrified rabbit embryos, finding differences between foetuses obtained by the transfer of fresh and vitrified embryos at 24 days of gestation. Rederived embryos had reduced foetal and liver weights and crown-rump length. However, the offspring of vitrified embryos tended to be born with higher weight, showing compensatory growth in the final week of gestation (59.2 vs. 49.8 g). RNA-Seq analysis revealed 43 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in the foetal liver of vitrified embryos compared to the fresh group. Notably, downregulated genes included BRAT1, CYP4A7, CYP2B4, RPL23, RPL22L1, PPILAL1, A1BG, IFGGC1, LRRC57, DIPP2, UGT2B14, IRGM1, NUTF2, MPST, and PPP1R1B, while upregulated genes included ACOT8, ERICH3, UBXN2A, METTL9, ALDH3A2, DERPC-like, NR5A2-like, AP-1, COG8, INHBE, and PLA2G4C. Overall, a functional annotation of these DEGs indicated an involvement in lipid metabolism and the stress and inflammatory process or immune response. Thus, our results suggest that vitrification and embryo transfer manipulation induce an adaptive response that can be observed in the liver during the last week of gestation.
Poplar P-RC APMP Effluent with Anaerobic Treatment: An Efficient Three-Stage Anaerobic Reactor
Authors: Ding Laibao , Tian Qingwen , Yang Ran , Zhu Jinwei , Guo Qi , Liu Fuping , Zheng Sophia , Fang Guigan
Published: August 2024

Anaerobic wastewater treatment technology has been intensively and extensively investigated in the industry and scientific research. Inspired by the advantages of multi-stage and multi-phase anaerobic reactor technology (SMPA) in recent years, a three-stage anaerobic reactor (3S-AR) was designed and applied to treat poplar chemical–mechanical pulp wastewater, and various operation parameters, including the volume loading rate (VLR), hydraulic retention time (HRT), ascending velocity, reflux ratio, pH and temperature of the 3S-AR, were optimized to evaluate the reactor’s removal efficiency for poplar wastewater. The properties of anaerobic granular sludge and the composition of wastewater were also characterized to assess microorganism growth and pollutant migration. Results show that the COD removal rate was over 75% with a volume loading rate range of 15–25 gCOD/(L·d) in the 3S-AR; the hydraulic retention time was also found to be an important factor affecting the performance of the 3S-AR reactor. The volume loading rate and degradation efficiency of the 3S-AR reactor are higher than those of the up-flow anaerobic sludge blanket (UASB) reactor. Microorganism separation can be achieved in the 3S-AR, which is conducive to the growth and methanogenesis activity of bacteria, thereby leading to enhanced removal and buffering efficiency. After treatment in the 3S-AR, the main pollutants of poplar wastewater were benzene aromatic acids and long-chain esters, which do no biodegrade easily; in contrast, most of the fatty acid substances with small molecules were completely degraded.
Defluoridation of Water Using Cu-Mg-Binary-Metal-Oxide-Coated Sand
Authors: Modaresahmadi Kiana , Khodadoust Amid P. , Wescott James
Published: August 2024

Defluoridation of water was evaluated using a copper–magnesium (Cu-Mg) coated sand (CMCS) as a sustainable adsorbent containing binary metal oxides. The CMCS sorbent coating contained mostly amorphous copper and magnesium oxides in the Cu-Mg coating on the crystalline sand surface. Pseudo-second-order kinetics was observed where most fluoride was removed rapidly within an hour. Favorable adsorption occurred according to the Langmuir and Freundlich adsorption equations, while physisorption occurred according to the Dubinin–Radushkevich (D-R) adsorption equation. The adsorption capacity of the CMCS sorbent based on sorbent surface was similar to various other adsorbents with larger adsorbent surface areas, likely due to the efficacy of the Cu-Mg coating despite the CMCS sorbent’s much smaller surface area. Fluoride was adsorbed effectively from pH 3 to pH 11 through adsorption of anionic fluoride onto the CMCS sorbent’s protonated surface with a pHPZC of 10.5, indicative of electrostatic attraction as the main adsorption mechanism. The CMCS sorbent’s re-coating was conducive to successful recycling and reuse of the CMCS sorbent as a sustainable adsorbent for water defluoridation.
Heavy Metal Distribution and Health Risk Assessment in Groundwater and Surface Water of Karst Lead–Zinc Mine
Authors: Zhou Jinmei , Jiang Zhongcheng , Qin Xiaoqun , Zhang Liankai
Published: August 2024

Heavy metal pollution seriously threatens the drinking water safety and ecological environment in karst lead–zinc mines. Fifteen groundwater and surface water samples were collected in a karst lead–zinc mine in Daxin, Chongzuo. Ten heavy metal (Mn, Zn, As, Pb, Cr, Cd, Ni, Co, Cu, and Fe) concentrations were detected. Correlation and cluster analysis were utilized to explore the distribution characteristics and sources. The health risks were appraised using the health risk assessment model. The groundwater had more heavy metal types than the surface water, of which the concentrations and average concentrations exceeded the class III water quality standard. The mine drainage contributed most (65.10%) to the heavy metal concentrations. Pb, Zn, Cd, Mn, Co, Ni, Cu, and Fe primarily originated from the mining of the lead–zinc mine, Cr primarily came from the fuel combustion and wear of metals, and As was primarily connected with the regional geological background. The groundwater had a higher total health risk (5.12 × 10−4 a−1) than the surface water (2.17 × 10−4 a−1). In comparison with the non-carcinogenic risk, the carcinogenic risk increased by three to five orders of magnitude. The carcinogenic risk distribution of Cr and Cd represented the health risk pattern. The drinking pathway posed two to three orders of magnitude the amount of health risks that the dermal contact pathway posed. Children suffered greater health risks. Water security for children should be more strictly controlled. Zn, Cd, Pb, Mn, and Cr must be paid more attention in terms of water quality protection and management.
Spatiotemporal Variation of Soil Erosion in the Northern Foothills of the Qinling Mountains Using the RUSLE Model
Authors: Cheng Yuxiang , Huo Aidi , Liu Feng , Ahmed Adnan , Abuarab Mohamed EL-Sayed , Elbeltagi Ahmed , Kucher Dmitri Evgenievich
Published: August 2024

The Qinling region in central China, known as the ‘Dragon Vein of China’, is a vital ecological barrier facing significant soil erosion challenges. This study aims to enhance soil erosion management and analyse the spatiotemporal changes of soil erosion in the northern foothills of the Qinling Mountains. We collected data on precipitation, terrain, land use types, and soil in the designated region. Using GIS technology and the Revised Universal Soil Loss Equation (RUSLE) model, we created a detailed soil erosion map and analysed its evolution from 2018 to 2022. Results show a significant reduction in soil erosion in 2020–2021 despite a general upward trend in other years. Innovation includes integrating remote sensing with RUSLE for high-precision mapping and introducing a hierarchical approach for erosion risk assessment. The study found erosion peaks in summer and autumn, with higher levels in the southern parts compared to the northern parts. Influential factors include climate variables, human activities, soil, and vegetation types. The average soil erosion modulus in 2023 is 233.515 t/(km2·a), with total soil erosion of 85,233.046 t/a, mainly concentrated in the valley and mountain basin areas. This research provides a theoretical basis for improving the natural environment and implementing comprehensive soil and water conservation measures in the Qinling region, offering a model for similar ecological regions globally.
Differences in Sitting Time by Club Sports Participation among Austrian Youth
Authors: Greier Klaus , Drenowatz Clemens , Ruedl Gerhard , Ostermann Elisabeth , Haas Elisabeth , Greier Carla
Published: August 2024

Despite the well-documented detrimental health effects of prolonged engagement in sedentary behaviors, children and adolescents spent a large amount of time with seated activities. The present study examined the association between participation in club sports and various sedentary behaviors during weekdays and the weekend in youth between 11 and 17 years of age. A total of 1225 (50.1% male) adolescents completed a validated questionnaire that examined sitting time in activities related to work as well as during leisure time such as screen use, reading, and listening to music in addition to sleep time. Participants spent an average of 12.7 ± 1.7 and 9.9 ± 2.0 h/day during weekdays and the weekend, respectively, in seated behaviors while they were awake. Club sports participants reported less time spent sitting (p < 0.01), which was mainly attributed to recreational activities (e.g., screen use, reading, listening to music). Sleep time during weekdays, on the other hand, was higher in club sports participants. Sex-specific results further showed that differences by club sports participation were more pronounced in girls compared to boys. Despite the potential beneficial effects of club sports participation, additional efforts are needed to reduce sitting time in adolescents as either group spent the majority of their time awake with sedentary behaviors.
Colorectal screening following appendectomy in adult patients: a systematic review
Authors: Esposito Francesco , Prete Marco Del , Magri Matilde , Dufour Fanny , Cortes Alexandre
Published: August 2024

Purpose: Although the association between appendicitis and colorectal cancer in older patients has received attention, postoperative colorectal screening through endoscopy is not currently recommended. This study conducted a systematic review of the literature on colorectal screening following appendectomy in adult patients.Methods: A literature search was performed using online databases. Studies reporting colorectal surveillance after appendectomy in adult patients were retrieved for assessment.Results: Eight articles including a total of 3,995 patients were published between 2013 and 2023. An age of 40 years was the lower threshold in 6 of the 8 articles. Postoperative colorectal screening occurred in 771 patients (19.3%). Endoscopy was performed in 95.2% of cases and computed tomography–colonography in 4.8%. During endoscopic examinations, a lesion was discovered in 184 of 771 patients (24.0%), and an adenomatous polyp was found in 154 of 686 patients (22.5%). The overall cancer rate was 3.9% (30 of 771 patients). The tumor was located in the right-sided colon in 46.7% of the patients, in the cecum in 20.0%, in the rectum in 16.7%, in the left-sided colon in 10.0%, and in the sigmoid colon in 6.7%.Conclusion: Performing post-appendectomy colorectal screening in patients >40 years of age could allow early detection of an underlying lesion.
Entre filosofía y literatura
Authors: Rodríguez Durango Pavel Eduardo
Published: August 2024

En este artículo revisamos la relación entre filosofía y literatura como elemento central del trabajo del pensador colombiano Nodier Botero Jiménez, con la intención de exponer de forma práctica las correspondencias entre ambas disciplinas. Para esto, hablaremos de los puntos de encuentro entre filosofía y literatura desde la crítica y teoría literaria, la lectura filosófica del discurso literario como instrumento de desocultamiento y profundización de las causas finales, además, nos preguntaremos si la filosofía es equivalente a la literatura, extendiendo la discusión sobre los difusos límites estilísticos, sin desconocer que sus intenciones son expresiones de saberes diferentes. Para el desarrollo de lo anteriormente descrito, se contrastarán diversas aproximaciones conceptuales como la Kakania de Musil con la dialéctica del momento positivo-racional, la erótica de Roth con la crítica estética de Kant, la ficción borgeana con el mundo hiperconectado de hoy, entre otras.
Análise do Planejamento do Turismo Sustentável na Praia do Atalaia, Município de Salinópolis (PA)
Authors: Baia Taiane Rocha , Nascimento Sabrina Mesquita do , Santos Camila Siqueira
Published: August 2024

Salinópolis é o maior destino da Rota Turística Amazônia Atlântica e, por isso, vem recebendo vários investimentos para fortalecer seu potencial turístico. Em contrapartida, ainda é preocupante a falta de atenção do poder público quanto aos impactos socioambientais provocados pelo turismo nos ambientes naturais de Salinas, especialmente a praia do Atalaia e entorno. Por este motivo, o objetivo do presente artigo é analisar como vem se dando o planejamento do turismo em Salinas e se há políticas de desenvolvimento sustentável sendo implementadas para controlar a degradação ambiental na praia do Atalaia. A pesquisa foi realizada a partir de dados secundários, com metodologia baseada em revisão bibliográfica e análise documental. Constatou-se que, mediante as dimensões dos problemas ambientais produzidos pelo Turismo em Salinas, as ações desenvolvidas até o presente momento não têm sido efetivas no combate à degradação e os vários crimes ambientais que ocorrem na praia, tais como: despejo irregular de esgoto e de resíduos sólidos, carros na faixa de areia, poluição sonora e do solo, entre outros.
A cartografia das unidades de paisagem e do ecoturismo no município de Belém (PA)
Authors: Malato Beatriz Castro , Figueiredo Silvio José de Lima , Fernandes Wellington Augusto Andrade
Published: August 2024

Este trabalho apresenta uma análise acerca da relação das Unidades de Paisagem e o ecoturismo. O objetivo deste trabalho foi produzir uma cartografia das Unidades de Paisagem partindo de técnicas de geoprocessamento, para contribuir com o planejamento do ecoturismo no município de Belém. Partiu-se do levantamento bibliográfico, ocorreu também o levantamento de dados quali-quantitativos acerca dos endereços dos pontos de ecoturismo em Belém. Para mapear as unidades de paisagem foram utilizadas técnicas de geoprocessamento, como a classificação e interpretação do uso e ocupação do solo através de imagens de satélite. O mapeamento das Unidades de Paisagem converte-se em uma ótima forma de análise para o planejamento do turismo sustentável.
Análise compreensiva do alinhamento da responsabilidade socioambiental e do marketing verde
Authors: Schreiber Dusan , Costa Camila da , Figueiró Paola Schmitt , Viana Luciane Pereira
Published: August 2024

O setor produtivo tem sido responsável por grande parte do crescimento econômico insustentável a longo prazo, tanto sob o aspecto ambiental, como social. Contudo, nas últimas décadas algumas organizações têm divulgado práticas de responsabilidade socioambiental. Assim, este o estudo tem como objetivo analisar o alinhamento de práticas de responsabilidade socioambiental com os elementos estruturantes do marketing verde, no formato de ensaio teórico-reflexivo. Foi proposto um framework teórico visando o alinhamento entre as práticas de RSC e marketing verde. Destacou-se a relevância de ampla divulgação das práticas e ações para os stakeholders estimulando o fenômeno de isomorfismo, por meio de benchmark para as demais organizações.
A experiência do Projeto Escola Verde: Educação Socioambiental em um município do Ceará
Authors: Barros Cristiane Saboia , Aguiar Welesson Portela de , Uchoa Elenilton Bezerra , Barbosa Pablo Gordiano Alexandre
Published: August 2024

O estudo tem por objetivo descrever um projeto de Educação Ambiental denominado Escola Verde desenvolvido no âmbito do Programa de Educação Socioambiental do município de Sobral, Ceará. Acerca dos procedimentos metodológicos, o estudo possui uma abordagem qualitativa, estudo de caso e documental, realizado a partir de pesquisas no Google Acadêmico e no buscador Google. Os resultados do estudo sugerem que o projeto Escola Verde, desenvolvido e implementado em 2020 pela Prefeitura Municipal de Sobral, é um bom exemplo colocado em prática.  Embora conduzido de maneira remota, teve uma atuação relevante junto à comunidade escolar, principalmente ao evidenciar os aspectos socioambientais próprios da cidade de Sobral.