bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A Codesigned Integrated Photonic Electronic Neuron
Authors: De Marinis Lorenzo , Catania Alessandro , Castoldi Piero , Contestabile Giampiero , Bruschi Paolo , Piotto Massimo , Andriolli Nicola
Published: July 2021

In the modern era of artificial intelligence, increasingly sophisticated artificial neural networks (ANNs) are implemented, which pose challenges in terms of execution speed and power consumption. To tackle this problem, recent research on reduced-precision ANNs opened the possibility to exploit analog hardware for neuromorphic acceleration. In this scenario, photonic-electronic engines are emerging as a short-medium term solution to exploit the high speed and inherent parallelism of optics for linear computations needed in ANN, while resorting to electronic circuitry for signal conditioning and memory storage. In this paper we introduce a precision-scalable integrated photonic-electronic multiply-accumulate neuron, namely PEMAN. The proposed device relies on (i) an analog photonic engine to perform reduced-precision multiplications at high speed and low power, and (ii) an electronic front-end for accumulation and application of the nonlinear activation function by means of a nonlinear encoding in the analog-to-digital converter (ADC). The device, based on the iSiPP50G SOI process for the photonic engine and a commercial 28 nm CMOS process for the electronic front end, has been numerically validated through cosimulations to perform multiply-accumulate operations (MAC). PEMAN exhibits a multiplication accuracy of 6.1 ENOB up to 10 GMAC/s, while it can perform computations up to 56 GMAC/s with a reduced accuracy down to 2.1 ENOB. The device can trade off speed with resolution and power consumption, it outperforms its analog electronics counterparts both in terms of speed and power consumption, and brings substantial improvements also compared to a leading GPU.
J. S. Bach’s Church Cantatas and Church Music Today
Authors: Tantra Carolien Eunice , Peters Mark
Published: July 2021

How do we as Christians today learn about worship and church music? How do we think about not only what music we will sing in Christian worship, but also the principles that should guide us in choosing and leading church music? Certainly, there are many different ways we answer that question: we study the Bible, we sing the words of the Scriptures, we read what theologians, worship leaders, and scholars of church music are writing today, we attend lectures and conferences by scholars and practitioners of church music. In this article, I offer and explore yet another example of how we live out God’s call in leading music for the Christian church: by studying the example of a faithful Christian musician from the past.  My particular example for this article is the German composer and church musician Johann Sebastian Bach (1685-1750).  I want to clarify from the start that I am not arguing that J. S. Bach is the best example of a Christian church musician and certainly not that he is the only example.  But Bach does offer us one example of a musician who dedicated most of his life to creating and leading music for the Christian church and sought to do so faithfully, creatively, and skillfully.
Features of statistical modeling and forecasting of crime: theoretical aspect
Authors: Terekhov Andrey , Kuvychkov Sergey , Smirnov Sergey
Published: July 2021

The purpose of the work is to provide a theoretical analysis of modern methods of modeling and forecasting the state of crime, which can be used in the system of public administration of the law enforcement sphere. In the course of the research, the peculiarities of using various tools and models for predicting the state of crime are revealed. A significant part of the research of scientists is directed towards the use of spatial and spatiotemporal models, as well as methods of artificial intelligence. The high quality of monthly forecasts is noted. Various economic, social, geographical, temporal and other groups of factors that influence the state of crime are identified. It is established that the quality of the developed crime forecasts depends on the choice of the optimal method and period of forecasting, on the completeness of the information base, including social, economic, legal and other characteristics of the phenomena and processes of public life that affect the criminal situation. It is noted that the practical use of artificial intelligence and econometric analysis methods in predicting the state of crime is becoming particularly relevant at the present time.
Organizational and legal aspects of the activities of the BHSS divisions to combat theft of state property in Leningrad and the region (1961—1991)
Authors: Ivanov Dmitry
Published: July 2021

The article analyzes some of the approaches, forms and methods of work of bodies for combating theft of socialist property (BHSS) of Leningrad and the region on the prevention and fight against crimes against socialist property in the last three decades of the existence of the USSR. It also examines various aspects of the legal regulation of organizational forms of participation in this process of units of the BHSS and the population of the region.
The effectiveness of state legal protection of the honor and dignity of the person in the Russian Federation (theoretical and legal aspect)
Authors: Loos Evgeny
Published: July 2021

In the hierarchy of values of modern society, the first place is given to the rights and freedoms of the individual, which include the phenomena of honor and dignity. Like any value, they need reliable protection from illegal encroachments. The article raises the question of the effectiveness of the mechanism of state and legal protection of the honor and dignity of the individual existing in the Russian Federation. The author reveals the concept of protecting the honor and dignity of an individual, analyzes the existing system of its state and legal support in Russia. It is noted that in the process of implementing legal norms in practice, its shortcomings are clearly manifested. Some problems existing in the sphere of state provision of protection of honor and dignity of the individual are raised, ways of their solution are outlined.
The subject of the crime under article 258¹ of the Criminal code of the Russian Federation
Authors: Mukhambetov Farhat
Published: July 2021

An attempt is made in this work to reveal the content of the subject of the crime under art. 258¹ of the Criminal code of the Russian Federation “Illegal extraction and circulation of especially valuable wild animals and aquatic biological resources belonging to the species included in the Red Book of the Russian Federation and (or) protected by international treaties of the Russian Federation”. The necessity of division of art. 258¹ of the Criminal code of the Russian Federation into two articles, separately providing for liability for illegal production and trafficking of especially valuable wild animals and illegal extraction of especially valuable aquatic biological resources. The differences in the subject of the crime under art. 256 of the Criminal code of the Russian Federation, from the subject of the crime under art. 258¹ of the Criminal code of the Russian Federation. The necessity of a substantial expansion of the List of especially valuable especially valuable wild animals and aquatic biological resources belonging to the species included in the Red Book of the Russian Federation and (or) protected by international treaties of the Russian Federation for the purposes of articles 2261 and 258¹ of the Criminal code of the Russian Federation due to inclusion in him of all representatives of the Red Book of the Russian Federation.
Features of individual legal regulation of force majeure circumstances
Authors: Nazhmutdinova Patimat
Published: July 2021

The article reveals the specifics of individual legal regulation of force majeure circumstances. The author analyzes the existing legal science classifications of the designated type of legal regulation, examines the features of each of them, provides examples from the current Russian legislation and materials of judicial practice. The characteristic features of individual legal regulation, under which force majeure circumstances fall, are formulated.
PREFERENCE IN LANGUAGE LEARNING STRATEGIES (LLS) OF THE STUDENTS IN THE ENGLISH LANGUAGE EDUCATION DEPARTMENT AT THE UNIVERSITY OF MUHAMMADIYAH JEMBER
Authors: Hidayah Taufik
Published: July 2021

The present study aims at investigating the patterns of language learning strategy use employed by the sixth semester students of English language education program at the University of Muhammadiyah Jember. To achieve this objective, Oxford’s Strategy Inventory of Language Learning (SILL) (1990) along with a background questionnaire (a modified version of Oxford’s background questionnaire) were administered to the participants. The findings indicate that the research participants use language learning strategies at a high rate (more than 60%), but with differences in type and frequency of the individual learning strategies. The students reported a high frequent use of metacognitive and cognitive strategies. Other types of language learning strategies are also used by the students, although the frequency is lower than the previous two strategies. Based on the findings of the present study, some pedagogical implication were suggested to encourage students to reflect on their own strengths  and weaknesses in skills and content courses  and self-regulate learning so as to make progress with teachers’ assistance.

Keywords:  language learning strategies  (LLS);  Strategy Inventory of Language Learning (SILL);  memory strategies; cognitive strategies; metacognitive strategies; socio-affective strategies; compensation strategies.
STUDENTS’ ATTITUDE TOWARD THE USE OF INTERNET IN ENGLISH CLASSROOM
Authors: Oktavia Mesi , Reflinda Reflinda , Kardena Absharini
Published: July 2021

Related literature indicates that the internet has an important role and great potential in language learning. It is also obvious that the attitudes of students affect the learning process significantly. This research aimed to find out the students’ attitude toward the use of the internet in English classrooms. The design of this research was survey research in which the sample was collected from 37 students at SMK Pembangunan Bukittinggi which used simple random sampling as the technique sampling of the research. Additionally, the analysis of the data was done by identifying the respondent’s responses, analyzing the data, and making a conclusion. The result showed that the mean score of students’ attitudes toward the use of the internet in the cognitive aspect was 3.7. It means that the students had a positive attitude in the cognitive aspect. Besides, the mean score of students’ attitudes toward the use of the internet in terms of the affective was 3.3. It means the students had a positive attitude toward the use of the internet in terms of affective. In addition, the mean of the conative attitude statement was 3.4. It means the students had a positive attitude in the conative aspect related to the use of the internet.
COLLEGE STUDENT’S PROBLEMS IN WRITING PARAGRAPH ( A CASE STUDY AT FOURTH SEMESTER STUDENTS OF INFORMATICS MANAGEMENT OF AMIK MITRA GAMA)
Authors: Melati Eka
Published: July 2021

The purpose of this study is to analyze problems faced by the college students of the Informatics Management study program at AMIK Mitra Gama in writing a paragraph. This study was descriptive qualitative research. The participants of this research were fourth-grade students of the Informatics Management study program attending the Applied English II course and registered on the 2018/2019 academic year, 31 students. Instrumentation of this research was student’s paragraph writing entitled “Computer in the Digital Age” in 100-150 words and interview. The result of this study found that the students had the organization of paragraph, grammatical and mechanics problems in writing a paragraph. The most typical difficulty was the organization of paragraph problems in writing concluding sentences (90,3%). Secondly, grammatical problem in using adjective (77,4%), article (64,5%), and verb (58,1%). Third, mechanics problem in punctuation (38,7%). Lastly, based on the interview, these problems arise from the students' used  Google Translate more often in finishing their writing. They translated their paragraph in Bahasa Indonesia into English directly without paying attention to the aspects of writing a paragraph. It made them difficult in choosing the appropriate words. For the next study, it was suggested to further investigate another aspect of grammatical (preposition, transition word, and conjunctions) and mechanics of writing such as content and organization. It implies that writing skills should be included in course design to enhance student’s ability in writing.
STUDENTS’ PRAGMATIC AWARENESS IN COMPREHENDING WRITTEN DISCOURSE OF ENGLISH DEPARTMENT OF IAIN BUKITTINGGI
Authors: Minanda Nofa , Eliza Eliza , Dewi Merry Prima
Published: July 2021

Knowledge of pragmatic has been crucial element to the students English Department. The main focus of the research to find out the level of students pragmatic awareness by using percentage, the research was due to the problem found some students still used inappropriate respond to the pragmatic situation. The design of this research was a descriptive quantitative research in which the sample was taking by using random sampling technique with 25 samples at IAIN Bukittinggi of English Department. Additionally, the analyzing of the data was done by Written Discourse Completion Test (WDCT) test which is consist of 17 situation, made the description about the students pragmatic awareness in comprehending written discourse, analyzing the data using percentage, describe the data, found the level and making conclusion. The result showed that students pragmatic awareness in comprehending term in deixis is 61% it means the level is good. In performing term of speech act is 79% it means the level is good. Moreover, in understanding maxim is 62% it means the level is good. All of  the students pragmatic awareness in comprehending written discourse is 67% it means the pragmatic awareness in comprehending written discourse of English Department of IAIN Bukittinggi is good. The implication of this study to know the level of pragmatic awareness in written discourse of English Department of IAIN Bukittinggi.
LOGICAL FALLACIES ON STUDENTS’ ARGUMENTATIVE WRITING
Authors: Lismay Leli
Published: July 2021

In writing an argumentative paragraph, there will be some fallacies that can be explained as students’ misunderstanding in interpreting source language to target language, in this context English is as a target language. This misunderstanding called logical fallacies where it can broke the meaning in TL. Therefore, the aim of this research was to identify and analyze types of logical fallacies done by the fourth semester students in argumentative writing at English department of IAIN Bukittinggi. The design of this research was descriptive quantitative. The population was the fourth semester students who take writing for professional context subject. The sample was 28 students. The instrument used was documentation of student’s argumentative writing tasks. The result showed that, some informal logical fallacies found in students’ writing. 76%  students wrote inductive fallacy on their writing which means that students drew a conclusion without providing enough evidence on their writing.
STUDENTS’ PERCEPTION ON THE USE OF PODCAST IN TEACHING LISTENING
Authors: Rahmiyati Rahmiyati , Dewi Merry Prima , Eliza Eliza
Published: July 2021

This research was to find out the students' perception of the use of podcasts in teaching listening. The research was due to problems found in the field; some of the students were not interested in listening, students have difficulty catching the speakers' ideas, the perception of students toward podcast is different. The design of this research was descriptive research with a quantitative approach as the method of the research. The sample was collected from 26 students at SMK Pembangunan Bukittinggi which used total sampling as the sampling technique of the research. The result revealed the mean score of students' perception of the use of podcasts in teaching listening was 63.06%. It showed that the students had a positive perception regarding the use of podcasts in teaching listening.
THE STUDENTS’ VOCABULARY ACQUISITION ADDICTED TO PLAYING ONLINE GAMES
Authors: Alfitri Novia , Arifmiboy Arifmiboy , Dewi Merry Prima
Published: July 2021

This research aims to know students’ vocabulary acquisition influenced by playing online games. It wants to see the comparison of students’ vocabulary acquisition and the causes of similarities or differences in students who are addicted to playing online games with students who are not addicted. This type of research was causal-comparative by using mix method. The data were obtained through questionnaires, test, and interview. The population of this research of 117 students. To determine the sample, researchers used non-probability sampling, namely quota sampling. 73 students are addicted and not addicted. To analyze the data collected, researchers used the U-test by Mann Whitney using the SPSS 20 application with a significance of α = 0.05. With the provision of significance values> 0.05, accepted and  is rejected, in this case, the researcher finds sig. (0.607> 0.05), it can be concluded that there are similarities between students who are addicted to not addicted. The occurrence of this equation is quite reasonable. Researchers used a questionnaire to group students who were addicted to playing online games. Then, a test was given to find out the comparison of students' vocabulary acquisition. After that, the data were analyzed using a U-test by Mann-Whitney. From the findings, it showed that there were similarities in students’ vocabulary acquisition between students who are addicted to playing games with students not addicted to playing games.
Presentación
Authors: Caram Padilla María José
Published: July 2021

Bajo el lema "Echar nuevas raíces para una vida en abundancia" se realizó, del 13 al 16 de abril de 1999, la II Semana Social Surandina. La iniciativa fue de la Conferencia Episcopal Peruana y llegó al Sur Andino por medio de Caritas del Perú. Los obispos y agentes pastorales de las jurisdicciones de la zona acogieron la invitación como una oportunidad para preparar las celebraciones jubilares en el espíritu de escucha, acogida y diálogo.
Presentación del documento final de la mesa de educación
Authors: Andina Instituto de Pastoral
Published: July 2021

Las siguientes dimensiones no son ni un título ni una intervención didácticos, aunque quisieran tener que ver con todo lo que hagamos en la docencia. No son ni un título ni una intervención metodológicos, per quisieran tener que ver con todos los procedimientos que empleamos. Son sí un título y una intervención pedagógica, porque todo en ellos tienen que ver con la educación. Son un título y una intervención políticos, porque todo en ellos pretende influir en la toma de decisiones hacia un bien común, tal vez el bien común más comúnmente requerido y deseado, el más movilizador.
Declaración de la II Semana Social
Authors: Andina Instituto de Pastoral
Published: July 2021

La Declaración final de la II Semana Social es un documento breve, aprobado por las personas que participaron como miembros plenos en todo el proceso de preparación y realización de la Semana Social. Su intención es dejar constancia de los desafíos de la realidad, de las líneas de acción que se proponen para lograr que los hombres y mujeres del Sur Andino decidamos cómo queremos vivir juntos, y de los compromisos asumidos por los participantes de Semana Social.
Una experiencia de educación desde lo andino en la modalidad de educación a distancia
Authors: Capella Riera Jorge
Published: July 2021

Se ha dicho que los tiempos mejores no llegan de casualidad, requieren de innovación, de cambio planificado. Tal ha sido el caso del "Programa experimental de profesionalización para maestros sin título pedagógico de zonas rurales andinas", desarrollado en la zona sur andina de nuestro país. Se pensó, por esta razón, en una alternativa que se llegó a plasmar. La experiencia resultó interesante y merece ser recordada en sus aspectos esenciales. Me hubiera gustado rememorar esta experiencia con el hermano Ludolfo Ojeda, con quien escribimos Una alternativa andina de profesionalización docente (1990), pero lamentablemente su ausencia temporal del Perú lo impide.
Deficiencias endémicas de yodo en los Andes y sus consecuencias psicobiológicas
Authors: Pollit Ernesto
Published: July 2021

Este trabajo describe las causas, la epidemiología y algunas consecuencias de la deficiencia endémica de yodo. El énfasis está puesto en el Perú y en particular en sus poblaciones andinas, con atención selectiva a sus efectos sobre el desarrollo y funcionamiento cerebral.
La salud rural: Necesidad de un nuevo enfoque
Authors: Nino Guerrero Alfonso , Vigo Obando Ina
Published: July 2021

Ochenta de cada cien ciudadanos en Cajamarca viven en la zona rural. Es una población con características propias que la hace diferente. Generalmente se la conoce como una población dispersa, poco articulada al mundo de la ciudad y con limitada accesibilidad, sin embargo, tras esa definición geográfica y simplista, hay características sociales más profundas que la definen. Existe pobreza y un sustrato cultural propio que, al no tener relación continua y apropiada con el mundo urbano -supuestamente desarrollado-, genera una exclusión social de la mayoría de los que viven en esta zona.
Presentación
Authors: Caram Padilla María José
Published: July 2021

El género es un concepto relativamente nuevo en nuestro medio. No se trata, como muchas veces se ha entendido, de un tema femenino, aunque históricamente su génesis haya tenido mucho que ver con la irrupción de las mujeres en la vida social y con sus reivindicaciones. Es mucho más que eso, pues afecta e involucra a todas las personas, sean varones o mujeres, jóvenes o adultas. Tampoco es solamente una herramienta cognitiva, pues, como dice Diego Irarrázaval en su artículo, publicado en esta revista, "se trata de una perspectiva y acción transformadora de relaciones humanas y de formas históricas".
Cómo viven el amor los jóvenes
Authors: Arteaga Béjar Yanet
Published: July 2021

En el Perú, a lo largo de los últimos años, se han producido muchos cambios referentes a la sociedad en general; entre ellos resalta el acceso de las mujeres a la esfera pública y a la educación. Si bien es cierto que aproximadamente en la década del sesenta se habían introducido muchas ideas "liberales" en torno al comportamiento femenino en la pareja (incluyendo tanto sus manifestaciones afectivas como sexuales), estas ideas y prácticas se han difundido más en la generación de los años noventa, con la modernidad e igualdad, extendidas sobre todo en los espacios urbanos, en los cuales la idea de igualdad y de individuación se hace más generalizada.
Acompañar a las personas desde la perspectiva de género
Authors: Arnold Simón Pedro
Published: July 2021

En muchas oportunidades hemos trabajado la cuestión del género desde diversas perspectivas. Esta vez, a partir de la experiencia de la Escuela de Acompañamiento Espiritual Emaús, quiero detenerme en la implicancia de la identidad y de la relación de género en la práctica del acompañamiento espiritual. En efecto, tratándose de una interrelación de personas sexuadas, el acompañamiento espiritual implica de manera privilegiada el ser masculino y el ser femenino que atraviesa toda persona, varón y mujer. Dado que la aventura del acompañamiento tiene a la vez dimensiones éticas, afectivas, espirituales y teológicas, dividiremos nuestra reflexión en cuatro fases.
Violencia familiar en la provincia El Collao (Puno)
Authors: De Juli Vicaría de la Solidaridad
Published: July 2021

Este es un informe preliminar de un estudio realizado en la provincia de El Collao, del departamento de Puno. Está, por tanto, sujeto a correcciones. Sin embargo, podemos afirmar categóricamente que estamos frente a un problema álgido que debe ser atendido inmediatamente por el Estado y la sociedad civil de forma conjunta y concertada.
La micropolítica de la reconciliación
Authors: Theidon Kimberly
Published: July 2021

Mi meta en este artículo es investigar cómo ciertos campesinos de las alturas de Huanta practicaron la violencia en el contexto de la guerra interna y cómo los conceptos y prácticas de la justicia comunitaria les han permitido desarrollar una micropolítica de la reconciliación entre ellos mismos.
Introducción al derecho de los pueblos indígenas
Authors: Ballón Aguirre Francisco
Published: July 2021

Ésta es una "introducción" al derecho de los pueblos indígenas. Bajo esa palabra comprendo la preparación necesaria para llegar al fin propuesto, en este caso, definir lo que se entiende como el derecho de los pueblos indígenas y las complicaciones inmersas en esa tarea. No se ha escrito ningún libro sobre este tema en el Perú. Los derechos indígenas se presentan generalmente como un asunto implícito al enfoque adoptado, por ejemplo, referido a comunidades campesinas o nativas o a algún convenio internacional. La idea jurídica del derecho de los pueblos, pese a su antigüedad, sigue motivando acaloradas discusiones, en especial cuando se refiere a los pueblos indígenas y a la autodeterminación.
Derecho consuetudinario en la rondas campesinas de Piura
Authors: Farfán Martínez Gorge
Published: July 2021

Toda sociedad se funda en la complementariedad de sus componentes, en la que cada uno ha cedido un poco de sus libertades a un organismo que le permita contar con ciertas condiciones de vida que por sí solo no podría generar: este organismo es el Estado. Al Estado le hemos entregado nuestras libertades, nuestro poder, facultándole para que en nuestro nombre nos brinde los servicios de seguridad, desarrollo y justicia. Al Estado le hemos delegado funciones de promoción del desarrollo en nuestras localidades, organizándonos, representándonos, dirigiéndonos con ideales que posibiliten cada vez más prosperidad para todos.
El sistema de administración de justicia de las rondas campesinas comunales
Authors: Aranda Mirva
Published: July 2021

En el departamento de Cusco, las rondas campesinas son comunales, es decir, forman parte de la estructura de las comunidades. Existen rondas comunales en seis provincias de Cusco: Quispicanchi, Chumbivilcas, Paucartambo, Canas, Espinar y Canchis.
El shalom de Dios y la violencia de las religiones
Authors: Barros Marcelo
Published: July 2021

Una característica evidente de los tiempos actuales es la violencia estructural de la sociedad y la fascinación del mal. Hasta las religiones están siendo acusadas de ser factores de guerra y violencia. El escritor José Saramago se queja: "Siempre tenemos que morir de algo, pero ya se perdió la cuenta de los seres humanos muertos de la peor manera que los seres humanos han sido capaces de inventar. Una de ellas, la más criminal, la más absurda, la que más ofende a la razón, es aquella que, desde el principio de los tiempos y de las civilizaciones ha mandado matar en nombre de Dios".
Y hasta creerán que así dan culto a Dios (Jn 16, 2)
Authors: Flores Lizana Carlos
Published: July 2021

El título de este trabajo ha sido cuidadosamente escogido, porque hay personas que en nombre de Dios han dado muerte a seres humanos, la mayoría cristianos, campesinos pobres, niños, jóvenes, mujeres... Y trágicamente, como ya lo anunciara el mismo Jesús, precisamente antes de ser asesinado por las autoridades religiosas de su tiempo, creyeron que estaban haciendo el bien y hasta sirviendo al Dios de Jesús. Esa experiencia la tuve frente a gente que creía servir a Dios y dio muerte a sus hermanos, a algunos de manera directa y a otros permitiendo que eso suceda, es decir, siendo cómplices con el silencio o colaborando de manera indirecta con una lucha antisubversiva que ha producido la mayoría de los detenidos desaparecidos de los últimos 20 años. El presente artículo es parte de un texto más extenso y documentado que estoy elaborando como contribución a las tareas de la Comisión de la Verdad y la Reconciliación.
No podemos callar
Authors: D'Alteroche Francisco
Published: July 2021

Contar cómo la Iglesia del Sur Andino se ha jugado por la defensa de los derechos humanos necesitaría más que unas páginas de Allpanchis. Han sido tan numerosas las declarciones, las manifestaciones, las intervenciones de todo tipo de esta Iglesia en defensa de la vida, tan amenazada a partir de los años 1980...
Representación e imaginario campesino
Authors: Mujica Bermúdez Luis
Published: July 2021

Las representaciones realizadas por Guamán Poma de Ayala, las presentadas por Martínez de Compañón, las difundidas por los pintores de Sarhua, las pinturas de Carmelón Berrocal y de muchos otros artistas que están en el anonimato son densas formas textuales en las cuales los diagnósticos de la realidad, las denuncias o los rechazos a determinadas situaciones y las insinuaciones de utopías que se quisieran construir un tinkuy, un encuentro; vale decir, son espacios estéticos donde los trazos de las percepciones y los sentimientos, así como las pinceladas de los deseos y las expectativas, se combinan artísticamente gracias a la habilidad y la ternura del dibujante o pintor, creando un "libro abierto a los ojos de los lectores".
Presentación
Authors: Grández Moreno Félix
Published: July 2021

El libro y la lectura han logrado ingresar en las agendas gubernamentales. Y no podía ser de otra manera, pues la actual llamada sociedad del conocimiento exige nuevas destrezas para enfrentar y solucionar problemas inéditos de manera eficaz. El contexto de la globalización, además de propiciar el intercambio de mercancías y flujos económicos, estimula una acelerada transmisión del concimiento.
Una poética crítica: Libro y lectura en el Perú
Authors: Cortéz Enrique
Published: July 2021

La inquietud por el libro implica siempre una pregunta por la lectura; la cuestión de la lectura no supone, necesariamente, la presencia del libro. Esto, que parece un juego de palabras, tiene sentido: se presenta como una observación general de una relación no muy feliz entre el libro y la lectura, en un contexto como el peruano; pues, actualiza una tensión tramada a lo largo de su historia, bajo diversas modalidades.
Los aportes de las ediciones universitarias a la investigación en el Perú
Authors: Antonioli Deluchi Dante
Published: July 2021

Hace dos años, se produjo un punto de inflexión en los volúmenes producidos y comercializados por el sector editorial peruano. Después de varios años de crisis generalizada y de un crecimiento incontrolable de la piratería, los resultados empezaron a revertirse y se observó una mejora sustancial en la producción editorial, en los títulos producidos, en los volúmenes exportados-importados, y en la mezcla de productos. Al parecer, los beneficios de la tan duramente criticada Ley de Democratización del Libro y de Fomento de la Lectura, habían empezado a percibirse entre las empresas del sector.
Allpanchis, sus lectores y escribidores
Authors: Caro Cárdenas Ricardo , Gonzales Alvarado Osmar , Grández Félix , Torres Javier
Published: July 2021

En un número dedicacdo a la lectura, la dirección de Allpanchis quiso recoger la percepción de sus lectores y convocó a tres de ellos, entre otras rayones por su interés de contribuir con su tiempo y talento en esta nueva etapa de la revista. Ricardo Caro, Osmas Gonzales y Javier Torres son lectores y también escribidores de Allpanchis y en otros medios. Así, se reunieron con Félix Grández para revisar el itinerario de la revista y perfilar los elementos que definirán las características de la siguiente etapa de la revista.
Explicando la exogamia andina
Authors: Bolton Ralph
Published: July 2021

Los antropólogos han preferido concentrarse en el análisis de las sociedades y sus culturas como unidades sacadas del contexto de sus relaciones externas, ignorando por tanto el valioso cuerpo de datos que podrían aportar importantes contribuciones para la comprensión de cada sociedad, analizando de tal manera que el énfasis sería puesto en la comprensión del contexto total en el que la sociedad opera. Mientras que los primeros métodos antropológicos fueron adecuados para el estudio de comunidades aisladas y bandas nómadas primitivas, no son adecuados para la investogación de sociedades más completas.
Interpretaciones populares de "Espíritu Santo" en Bolivia
Authors: Wrisley Betsy
Published: July 2021

Esta breves notas no tienen la pretensión de ser un análisis exhaustivo del tema. Sólo quieren alertar sobre un aspecto que no siempre se tiene en cuenta en nuestro trabajo pastoral: con frecuencia ciertas palabras de uso corriente tienen un sentido muy distinto en la mente del que habla y en la mente del que escucha. En la proclamación de la Palabra unos le dan sentidos propios de las teología bíblicas occidentales y otros le dan sentidos autóctonos en consonancia con las creencias y cosmogonías locales precoloniales o derivadas de la religiosidad popular del español colonial. Aquí nos limitaremos a enunciar algunos sentidos populares tan corrientes como "espíriu" y "santo". Pero el problema reaparece en casi todos los párrafos de la Biblia y la liturgia. Piénsese en otras palabras como creer, cuerpo y alma, gracia, iglesia. etc. Se podría generalizar que para trasladar eficazmente el mensaje salvífico de la cultura en que ha sido originalmente formulado a la cultura tan distinta de las nuevas iglesias a las que se desea ayudar, casi toda palabra "técnica" presenta este problema. Entonces no basta una simple "traducción", pues están de por medio todas las connotaciones muchas veces distintas o simplemente ausentes en una u otra cultura.
El Peón que se negaba
Authors: Stein William W.
Published: July 2021

Cuando el Proyecto Cornell — Perú se hizo cargo en enero de 1952 de la hacienda Vicos, los términos del Contrato exigían la continuación del sistema de hacienda; de modo que a medida que se iban implementando algunas reformas experimentales durante los cinco años en los que los miembros del Proyecto actuaron como patrones, los trabajadores de la hacienda se quedaron bajo ciertas condiciones tradicionales de control. El mismo proyecto consistía en un intento de gran embergadura, tanto para efectuar ciertas reformas en la comunidad de Vicos, como para contribuir a un mejor entendimiento del cambio socio cultural.
Procesos por Supersticiones en la Provincia de Cajamarca en la Segunda Mitad del siglo XVIII
Authors: Dammert Bellido José
Published: July 2021

En su brillante estudio sobre la lucha contra las religiones autóctonas en el Perú colonial, Pierre Duviols utiliza expedientes encontrados en el archivo arzobispal de Lima y manifiesta que ha revisado también los fondos documentales de Cusco, Arequipa, y Ayacucho, dejando de lado a Trujillo. En el archivo diocesano de Cajamarca, del fondo proveniente de Trujillo, se hallan tres procesos incoados por superstición y aunque pertenecientes al siglo XVIII, posterior a la investigación de Duviols (págs. 210, 213, 346), son indicios que deben hallarse otros en el archivo trujillano. El procedimiento seguido en las parroquias de Cajamarca está basado fundamentalmente en las instrucciones prescritas por los Arzobispos de Lima, Lobo Guerrero y Villagómez en 1613 y 1649, estudiadas por Duviols (págs. 178 ss).
No hay pastoral sin reflexión teológica
Authors: Garr Thomas M.
Published: July 2021

El fin declarado del Instituto de Pastoral andina es conocer la realidad cultural de los pueblos de la Sierra para poder llevar a cabo más eficazmente las acciones pastorales y sociales necesarias para una evangelización cabal. Con este fin se editaron ya varios estudios, se realizó un buen número de cursillos y encuentros en la sede del Instituto y los dirigentes del IPA han participado en muchas reuniones pastorales de las jurisdicciones eclesiásticas de la Región. Reconociendo todo lo positivo de la labor ya realizada quiero manifestar en este artículo que, a mi parecer, todavía falta una etapa importante en el proceso de acercamiento al mundo campesino.
Cultura organizacional en cuatro entidades financieras de Arequipa: análisis de condiciones reales e ideales
Authors: Luna Cáceres Enrique , López Banda José Alberto , Ríos Paredes Sandra , Bellota Roca Claudia
Published: July 2021

Se ha evaluado la cultura organizacional en cuatro entidades financieras de la ciudad de Arequipa mediante el Cuestionario de Diagnóstico de la Cultura Organizacional de Cameron y Quinn (α= 0.793), considerando dos niveles de respuesta: una real y otra ideal. La muestra estuvo constituida por 100 trabajadores de cuatro entidades financieras de la ciudad de Arequipa. Los resultados apuntan a una cultura organizacional orientada al mercado como el tipo dominante en las cuatro empresas, sin embargo, se aprecian diferencias entre las condiciones reales e ideales de la cultura organizacional.
Rationale of personification of treatment and rehabilitation aid of civilians with adaptive disorders who have experienced psychosocial stress under military conflict, based on forecast severity of consequences
Authors: Likholetov Yevhenii
Published: July 2021

The aim of the work was to develop a technology for predictive assessment of the severity of clinical and psychopathological course and psychosocial consequences of adaptation disorders in civilians affected by psychosocial stress in military conflict, as a basis for determining the scope and content of treatment and rehabilitation measures for this group of patients. 109 people who experienced psychosocial stress in a military conflict were examined: group 1 — 6 wives of fallen servicemen; group 2 — mothers, fathers and wives of combatants who returned to peaceful life, a total of 71 people; group 3 — 32 internally displaced persons. All subjects were diagnosed with mental disorders of the F43.2 cluster — adaptive disorders. In the course of the work a forecasting system was developed, which allows to conduct a multi-vector assessment of the individual’s condition according to the assessment of clinical and psychopathological condition and psychosocial functioning, as well as to form a prognostic assessment of the risk of complications. Three groups were identified to assess the risk of severe disease and complications from the mental sphere, as well as psychosocial maladaptation for individual clusters and in general, for integrated risk: 1) favorable prognosis; 2) conditionally favorable prognosis; 3) unfavorable prognosis. For each of these groups we have proposed a set of diagnostic, therapeutic, rehabilitation and preventive measures. The proposed technology for predicting the risk of adaptation disorders easy to use, informative, suitable for use in practical health care, to determine the scope and content of treatment and rehabilitation care, which allows to recommend it for widespread implementation in clinical practice
Mechanisms of formation of brain bioelectrical activity suppression patterns under adverse effects caused by neurotoxicants
Authors: Kostenko I. A. , Aleksandrov M. V. , Chernyi V. S.
Published: July 2021

The aim of the stady wos to investigate the mechanisms of suppression of cerebral bioelectrical activity under adverse effects caused by neurotoxicants using inhalation anesthesia with sevoflurane. The research included 19 cases (male/female 12/7, aged 19—55, BMIs under 35) with intracerebral tumors. Patients were under medical observation and neurosurgical treatment. Invasive procedures were carried out under sevoflurane-based general anesthesia with a dose of anesthetic varying from 0,8 to 1,3 MAC (minimum alveolar concentration). Technologically advanced neurosurgical procedures involved neurophysiological polymodal monitoring, which included EEG and ECoG testing. Probit analysis results showed that, with cerebral cortex bioelectrical activity suppression index equal to 32±8%, nearly half the cases displayed a formation of an «outburst-suppression» type of pattern on the scalp EEG. The condition for half the cases displaying a formation of this type of periodic pattern is the suppression index equaling 58±7% on ECoG. Space-and-time evolution of suppression patterns, formed on the cerebral cortex, is the main reason for persistence of uninterrupted activity on EEG. The obtained results allow to further define principles of neurodynamics, which apply to acute intoxication with neurotoxicants. With regard to relative similarity of intoxication-induced coma cases, registration of periodic EEG patterns even with a low suppression index indicates a more severe form of cerebral insufficiency.
Carbon monoxide: mechanism of toxic action, pathogenesis and clinical manifestations of acute intoxication
Authors: Grebenyuk A. N. , Bykov V. N.
Published: July 2021

Introduction. Carbon monoxide (CO) remains one of the most common causes of acute poisoning and death, both in everyday life and in emergency situations, especially in fires.

Material and methods. The paper summarizes information about the regulatory effects, mechanisms of toxic action, pathogenesis and clinical picture of intoxication, as well as predictors of the severity of CO poisoning.

Results. The main mechanism of the toxic effect of CO is due to its ability to bind to the protohemal iron of hemoglobin (Hb) to form carboxyhemoglobin (HbCO). The toxicity of CO may also be enhanced by impaired functions of the myoglobin of the myocardium and skeletal muscles, mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase, and iron-containing enzymes of the antioxidant system. The leading link in the pathogenesis of acute CO intoxication is a violation of the oxygen transport function of hemoglobin and the associated development of hemic and tissue hypoxia. CO-induced cell and tissue damage due to the induction of mitochondrial dysfunction, oxidative stress, free radical hyperproduction, lipid peroxidation, inflammation, and apoptosis also play a role in the pathogenesis of intoxication.

Conclusion. The mechanism of toxic action of CO, associated primarily with the formation of carboxyhemoglobin and the development of hypoxia, determines the clinical manifestations of acute intoxication, which depend on the concentration of CO and the duration of exposure, but are almost always associated with the central nervous system and cardiovascular system.
Electrochemical biotesting technique as applied to comparative assessment of antimicrobial properties of essential oils
Authors: Sibirtsev V. S. , Nechiporenko U. Yu. , Kabanov V. L. , Kukin M. Yu.
Published: July 2021

A biotesting technique is described that provides for periodic (every 2 hours) recording of changes in pH, redox potential, and electrical conductivity of a liquid culture medium incubated in the presence and in the absence of viable test microorganisms (TM) and test samples (TS). The results of a comparative analysis using this technique of antibiotic activity against Staphylococcus aureus of different concentrations of «essential oils» obtained from 10 types of plant raw materials are presented. Based on this, we can conclude the following. Using the presented methodology, it is possible to assess the effect on the dynamics of the vital activity of TM of samples of various pharmaceutical, cosmetic, food, feed and other products, much more quickly, objectively and informatively than using standard visual methods of microbiological testing. The initial antibiotic activity of TS in most cases was greater than their prolonged antibiotic activity. At the same time, the mid-term (in terms of the time of interaction of TS with TM) antibiotic activity of TS was usually intermediate in value between their initial and prolonged biological activity.
On-Chip AMBA Bus Based Efficient Bridge between High Performance and Low Peripheral Devices
Authors: Shrivastava Anurag , Sharma Dr. Sudhir Kumar
Published: July 2021

Today’s scenario of SOC deals with integrity and sharing of information or data with various level of communication. AMBA bus protocol has been proposed by ARM community to justify the uneven demand of integrity .In this paper functional description and implementation of high peripheral devices supporting protocol AXI2.0 and its interface between low peripheral devices has been proposed. The connection named as bridge take care of the protocol mismatch and operates on data transfer for uneven speed demand. Asynchronous FIFO has been considered to avoid the complex handshaking mechanism. The design has been implemented within VHDL and implemented on Xilinx Virtex 4.
Enhancement in RMPA Parameters by Rhombus Connected With Circle Meta Material Structure Using at 1.9 GHz
Authors: Dandotiya Vijay , Pathak Chetan
Published: July 2021

Author proposed a new design of meta-material to provide advancement into the factors of the rectangular microstrip patch antenna (RMPA) “Enhancement in RMPA parameters Rhombus Connected With Circle Meta material structure high using at 1.9GHz” As a rectangular microstrip patch antenna is designed at a height of 1.6mm & Left handed Meta material structure is designed at a height of 3.2mm from the ground plane by using CST-MWS software. The resonance frequency 1.9GHz of the designed antenna is using as a high frequency. This paper mainly worked on return loss. The Return loss of the proposed antenna reduced to -31,16dB & bandwidth is increased up to 41.9MHz. This antenna is small size, cheap, compact and easy to fabricate, and achieve good radiation characteristics with higher return loss. In this paper return loss basically defined as system becomes stable with reduced return loss.
Analysis of MIMO OFDM in different Bonds rate of QAM, BPSK, QPSK
Authors: Gupta Vipin , Dhyani Dr. Praveen
Published: July 2021

Orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) is a famous technique for high information rate remote transmission. OFDM might be joined with antenna arrays at the transmitter and recipient to expand the differences pick up and/or to upgrade the framework limit on time-variant and frequency-specific channels, resulting in a multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) arrangement. In this paper we are introducing MIMO-OFDM. We measured the performance of different modulation techniques with respect to BER and SNR. We compare the results and conclude that in the case of even power, bit error rate is lower as compare to odd power.
Effect of changes in supply voltage on power consumption of digital CMOS delay lines
Authors: Prajapati Pankaj , Akashe Dr. Shyam
Published: July 2021

In the beginning of the last decade, battery-powered hand-held devices such as mobile phones and laptop computers emerged. For that application we have to design a device which will consume minimum amount of energy. For that reason in this article we focused on power consumption and how to calculate the power. In this paper, an analysis of different delay lines based on CMOS architecture has been done. The effect of supply voltage on digital delay lines has been analysed as how supply voltage affected the value of power consumption of the digital delay line. After the analysis of those performance parameters, the trade-off has been made for better performance of delay lines.
Closed Loop Control of Switched-Capacitor Inverter Using Series/Parallel Conversion
Authors: Choubisa Nishtha , Duvey Ashish
Published: July 2021

This paper proposes a novel switched-capacitor inverter. The switching operation of the capacitors in series and in parallel produces larger voltage than the input voltage in the proposed inverter. Based on the number of the capacitors the maximum output voltage is determined. In the conventional unit both boost converter and an inverter bridge are present whereas the proposed inverter does not need any inductors thus it is smaller than the former one. And also produces fewer harmonics compared to conventional one. The circuit configuration and the simulation results are shown in this paper. The simulation is done with MATLAB/ SIMULINK software.