bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Żołnierz na wojnie i po wojnie. Problematyka zachowań ludzkich
Authors: Tym Juliusz S.
Published: February 2020

Artykuł stanowi wprowadzenie do studium zachowań ludzkich na wojnie i po wojnie. Dotyczy wyłącznie zachowań żołnierzy. Stare żołnierskie porzekadło mówi, że żołnierz na wojnie robi to, czego nauczył się w czasie pokoju. Wojna jest nieubłaganym, surowym weryfikatorem poziomu wyszkolenia dowództw i sztabów oraz wojsk. Autor skupił swą uwagę na problematyce zjawiska kryzysu pierwszego dnia wojny, relacjach międzyludzkich, oswajaniu śmierci, stresie bojowym, roli dowódców, problemach z przystosowaniem żołnierzy do funkcjonowania po powrocie z wojny. Starał się ukazać różnorodność ludzkich zachowań, wskazując na pozytywne i pożądane cechy, piętnując zjawiska negatywne.
PELO DIREITO DE (R)EXISTIR: os corpos nas ruas
Authors: BRANDÃO LAURA LENE LIMA
Published: February 2020

BUTLER, Judith. Corpos em aliança e a política das ruas: notas para uma teoria performativa da assembleia. Rio de Janeiro: Civilização Brasileira, 2018.
 
PELO DIREITO DE (R)EXISTIR: os corpos nas ruas
 
FOR THE RIGHT TO RE-EXIST: the bodies on the streets
 
POR EL DERECHO A EXISTIR: cuerpos en las calles
Breastfeeding Support Team: When to Add a Chiropractor
Authors: Miller Joyce
Published: February 2020

Objective

Chiropractors are primary care clinicians with a musculoskeletal focus. As community-based practitioners, they are educated and available to treat the common problems of infancy, including sub-optimal breastfeeding. The objective of this investigation was to highlight some of the key skills and techniques used by chiropractors to assist the breastfeeding dyad.

Methods

The method of this paper was a brief review of the evidence for chiropractic care to improve breastfeeding problems and to highlight the biological plausibility for that evidence. The primary evidence was evaluated by expert opinion.

Results

Mechanical forces during intrauterine life and during birth may negatively affect the oral-motor function of the newborn. Although it is difficult to establish exact reasons for these problems, assisted births such as forceps, vacuum extraction and cesarean section have been implicated. It is the job of the chiropractor to examine the infant to detect and diagnose musculoskeletal problems that may impair the infant's feeding efficiency. After making a diagnosis, a treatment plan of precise, gentle manipulation can help maximize the functional effectiveness of the muscles and joints involved in breastfeeding and comfort for the child.

Conclusion

The chiropractor is one of many professionals poised to support and assist effective breastfeeding. A collaborative team can be helpful to gain early establishment and continuation of breastfeeding.
Quemar las naves y apostar los restos: una llamada a la utopía y la esperanza
Authors: Gómez Restrepo Hno. Carlos Gabriel
Published: February 2020

En el marco de la celebración del tricentenario de la Pascua de san Juan Bautista de La Salle, el Congreso Mundial de Educación Lasallista —realizado en la Universidad de La Salle de la Ciudad de México, del 14 al 16 de marzo de 2019— convocó a un significativo grupo de académicos lasallistas de todas las regiones, en torno a la agenda educativa global y a las implicaciones de la educación lasallista para el siglo XXI.
Este texto recoge la ponencia magistral presentada por el autor1 y parte de una convicción: la realidad del mundo desafía la misión educativa lasallista y genera nuevos contextos en los que debemos repensar los valores fundamentales de nuestra tradición, así como la urgencia de revisar nuestras propuestas educativas
Comparison of Fall Risk Assessment Tools for Older Indonesian Adults in the Elderly Home and the Community
Authors: Susilowati Indri Hapsari , Nugraha Susiana , Sabarinah Sabarinah , Hasiholan Bonardo Prayogo , Pengpid Supa , Peltzer Karl
Published: February 2020

Introduction: One of the causes of disability among elderly is falling. The ability to predict the risk of falls among this group is important so that the appropriate treatment can be provided to reduce the risk. The objective of this study was to compare the Stopping Elderly Accidents, Deaths, & Injuries (STEADI) Initiative from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) and The Johns Hopkins Fall Risk Assessment Tool (JHFRAT) from the Johns Hopkins University. Methods: This study used the STEADI tool, JHFRAT, Activities-Specific Balance Confidence Scale (ABC), and The Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS). The study areas were in community and elderly home in both public and private sectors and the samples were 427 after cleaning. Results: The results for the STEADI and JHFRAT tools were similar where the respondents at highest risk of falling among women (STEADI: 49%; JHFRAT: 3.4%), in Bandung area (63.5%; 5.4%), in private homes (63.3%; 4.4%), non-schools (54.6%; 6.2%), aged 80 or older (64.8%; 6.7%) and not working (48.9%;3.3%). The regression analysis indicated that there was a significant relationship between the risk factors for falls in the elderly determined by the JHFRAT and STEADI tools: namely, region, type of home, age, disease history, total GDS and ABC averages. Conclusion: Despite the similarity in the risk factors obtained through these assessments, there was a significant difference between the results for the STEADI tool and the JHFRAT. The test strength was 43%. However, STEADI is more sensitive to detect fall risk smong elderly than JHFRATKeywords: Activities-Specific Balance Confidence scale, elderly, fall risk,The Johns Hopkins Fall Risk Assessment Tool, the Stopping Elderly Accidents, Deaths, & Injuries
Correlation Individual Characteristics and Work Stress with Menstrual Disorders in Tobacco Farmers
Authors: Indriyanti Indriyanti , Martiana Tri , Rahman Firman Suryadi
Published: February 2020

Introduction: Women participation at work, especially in the agricultural sector, is implies a status of gender equality that positions women as capable of doing work like men. However, women naturally have physically and biologically differenced with men, for example in reproductive health conditions. Menstrual disorders are important to know because it can show the function of women reproductive health disorder. Menstrual disorders can be caused by various factors. The purpose of this study was to identify individual characteristics and psychological factor (work stress) with menstrual disorders of female tobacco farmers in Ambulu Village, Jember City. Methods: This study was an observational analytic with a cross-sectional approach. The research was conducted on August 2018 and respondents were 36 female tobacco farmers chosen by simple random sampling. Dependent variable of this study was menstrual disorders and the independent variables were individual characteristics (age, marital status, and work period) and psychological factor (work stress). Results: Obtained were that most of the respondents aged 35-44 years (55.6%), married (91.7%), having work period over 5 years (69.4%) and 58.3% respondents experienced a moderate level of work stress. Conclusion: There was a relationship between work stress and menstrual disorders. There was no relationship between individual characteristics with menstrual disorders in tobacco farmers in Ambulu Village, Jember City. Keywords: individual characteristics, menstrual disorders, work stress
Musculoskeletal Disorders and Its Related Factors among Workers in Circulator Loom Unit
Authors: Rachmawati Dian , Hidayat Sho’im
Published: February 2020

Introduction: Musculoskeletal Disorders (MSDs) defined as a disorder of muscles, nerves, and tendons compounded by the unergonomic working posture. Workers in Circulator Loom Unit of PT. Kerta Rajasa Raya are at risk for experiencing MSDs because of their unergonomic works. The purpose of this research was to learn more about MSDs including its related factors in Circulator Loom unit of PT. Kerja Rajasa Raya workers. Methods: this was a descriptive research which conducted using the observational method. The respondents were total population workers of Circulator Loom Unit at PT Kerta Rajasa Raya which is up to 47 workers. This research used MSDs complaint, working postures, and individual factors including age, sex, working period, physical fitness, and body mass index as the variable data. Results: 91.5% respondents were experiencing MSDs with 53.5% were in moderate severity level. Using REBA method to calculate the ergonomic risk level, it can be concluded that 23.4% of respondents have low risk of experiencing MSDs, 68.1% in medium risk, and 8.5% of respondents were having high risk of experiencing MSDs. Conclusion: working posture was the most influential factor causing MSDs with correlation coefficient score 0.629, in addition, working period, age, sex, Body Mass Index, and physical fitness were existed as supporting factors. Keywords: ergonomic, musculoskeletal disorders, working posture
The Correlation between Knowledge, Attitudes toward Occupational Safety and Health and Near Miss
Authors: Safitri Febrina Dewi , Widajati Noeroel
Published: February 2020

Introduction: The results of the research conducted by Frank Bird concluded that every occupational safety and health is preceded by a near-injury occurrence or near miss. Near miss is an incidence that potentially causes loss, which is triggered by direct factors, namely unsafe action, and unsafe conditions, and basic factors, such as workers and works. The workers as a basic factor comprise their knowledge and attitudes towards occupational safety and health-related to personal protective equipment (PPE). Methods: This research is descriptive research that aims to identify the strength of the relationship between the knowledge and attitudes toward occupational safety and health that is related to PPE in the Outfitting Unit at PT. Dok dan Perkapalan Surabaya by applying the cross-sectional design. The data is obtained by questionnaire and interview. The questionnaire is distributed to all 30 workers in the Outfitting Unit at PT. Dok dan Perkapalan Surabaya. Results: Indicate that the majority of the workers experience a low-level of near-miss (90%), while the other 10% experience a moderate-level of near-miss. The correlation coefficient value as many as 0.149 denotes that there is a weak relationship between the workers’ knowledge of occupational safety and health and a near miss. Similarly, the relationship between the workers’ attitudes toward occupational safety and health regarding PPR and near-miss is also a weak relationship with the correlation coefficient value of 0.236. In conclusion, it is affirmed that effective communication between units and the provision of PPE are the factors that cause the occurrence of near-miss in the company. Keywords: attitude, knowledge, near miss
The differences in root canal smear layer removal between 6,25% pineapple (Ananas comocus L. Merr.) peel extract and 17% Ethylene diamine tetra-acetic acid
Authors: Pribadi Nirawati , Samadi Karlina , Astuti Meliavita N. K. , Kurniawan Hendy J. , Tandadjaja Adelina K. , Hadi Ratna Puspita
Published: February 2020

Background: The smear layer is attached to dentine and occludes the orifice and, consequently, must be removed in order to improve the success of inroot canal treatment. The ideal irrigation material removes both the organic and inorganic smear layers. Ethylene diamine tetra-acetic acid (EDTA) is one of the most commonly used root canal irrigation materials, but removes only inorganic smear layer. To overcome this problem, Pineapple (Ananas comosus L. Merr.) peel extract, which contains saponins, bromelain, polyphenol and flavonoid, is used during root canal irrigation. Purpose: The study aimed to analyze the difference in smear layer removal between the use of 6.25% pineapple peel extract and 17% EDTA. Methods: 27 samples of mandibular premolar teeth with straight root canals were divided randomly into three groups (n = 9) and subsequently prepared using protaper. Irrigation was performed on the control group (aquadest), group I (17% EDTA) and group II (6.25% pineapple peel extract). The samples were dried, temporarily compressed and cut horizontally from the apical to the coronal. Samples were fixed with holder before the smear layer was observed through a scanning electron microscope (SEM). The resulting data was analyzed by means of an ANOVA test. Results: The highest score of root canal hygiene was recorded by group II, followed by group I and, finally, the control group. There were significant differences between the groups (p< 0.000). Conclusion: 6.25% pineapple peel extract produces a higher smear layer removal effect than 17%EDTA on the apical 1/3 of the root canal.
Applicability of Moyers and Tanaka-Johnston analyses for the Arab population of Pekalongan, Indonesia
Authors: Handayani Fani Tuti , Hidayah Rizky Amalia
Published: February 2020

Background: The Moyers and Tanaka-Johnston analyses, both of which were developed through research into the Nordic-Caucasoid population, constitute the most widely used non-radiographic mixed dentition analyses. Application of these prediction methods to other populations has been extensively investigated, although their suitability to the Arab population resident in Indonesia has rarely been studied. Purpose: This study aimed to investigate the reliability of Moyers and Tanaka-Johnston analyses of the Arab population of Pekalongan, a city in Central Java, Indonesia. Methods: This research constituted an observational study incorporating a cross-sectional design of 33 subjects who willingly signed an informed consent form. Their actual tooth size was determined in accordance with the inclusion criteria and then compared with the predictive tooth size values of the Moyers and Tanaka-Johnston analyses. Results: Comparison of mean values indicated that the predictive values of Moyers 75% (YM) and Tanaka-Johnston (YT) were higher than the actual value (Y). The reliability test result confirmed a value of k = 0.026 for the Y-YM ratio; and k = 0.025 for YT-Y ratio. The calculation results for the mandible indicated a k-value of 0.000 for both types of comparisons between YM-Y and YT-Y. The Moyers 75% prediction for maxilla had a higher reliability value than that of Tanaka-Johnston. The Shapiro-Wilk normality test applied to Y, YM, and YT in the maxilla and mandible indicated that data was normally distributed (sig > 0.05). A Levene's test of homogeneity was conducted and produced homogeneous data (sig > 0.05) with values of 0.333 for Y, 0.516 for YM, and 1.000 for YT. An ANOVA test showed Y-YM and Y-YT to have insignificant differences (p<0.05). This result caused comparative tests to determine both analysis eminence in predicting canine and premolar values according to the study sample not conducted. Conclusion: The Moyers 75% and Tanaka-Johnston analyses were reliable because the values produced differed slightly from the actual values. This study concluded that Moyers and Tanaka-Johnston analyses remain valid means of calculating mixed dentitions.
The effects of shark liver oil on fibroblasts and collagen density in the periodontal ligaments of Wistar rats induced with Porphyromonas gingivalis
Authors: Mulawarmanti Dian , Andriani Dwi , Damaiyanti Dian Widya , Khoirunnisa Farizia Putri , Juliatin Alifati Nita
Published: February 2020

Background: Periodontitis is an infection in tooth-supporting tissues caused by a specific microorganism, Porphyromonas Gingivalis (PG), which can trigger collagen destruction. Generally, periodontal therapy employs a combination of mechanical (scaling root planning/SRP) and chemical (antibiotics) remedies, the latter of which can cause bacterial resistance. On the other hand, shark liver oil contains active natural ingredients such as alkylglycerols, squalene, squalamine, and omega-3, which have antibacterial and antioxidant effects. Purpose: This study aims to determine the impact of shark liver oil on fibroblasts and collagen density in the periodontal ligament of Wistar rats induced with PG. Methods: This study represents a laboratory experiment with post-test only control group design. The research subjects consisted of 35 Wistar rats divided into five groups, namely; a negative control group (K-); a positive control group with PG induction (K+); and three treatment groups induced with PG and shark liver oil once a day for seven days at varying doses of 0.2 g/gBB (P1), 0.3 g/gBB (P2), and 0.4 g/gBB (P3). Following treatment, the subjects were euthanized. The number of fibroblasts was then histologically examined with Hematoxylin Eosin (HE). Meanwhile, the collagen density was histologically analyzed with Masson’s Tricrome. Fibroblast cells were observed through a microscope at 400x magnification. Data was statistically analyzed with a one-way ANOVA and post hoc LSD. Collagen Density scoring was then performed. The results were analyzed with a non-parametric Kruskal-Wallis test (p=0.05), and subsequently with a Mann-Whitney U test (p<0.05). Results: The number of fibroblasts in the periodontal ligament areas of each group were 18.6 ± 1.21 for K-; 12 ± 1.26 for K;16.8 ± 1.72 for P1; 17.1 ± 1.94 for P2; and 23.16 ± 2.78 for P3. The results also indicated that there were significant differences between K- with K+ and P3, K+ with P1, P2, and P3, as well as P3 with P1 and P2. However, there was no significant difference between K- and P1 and P2 or P1 and P2. The results showed that collagen density in the negative control group did not significantly decrease compared to that in the positive control group in which PG was induced. Meanwhile, collagen density in all three treatment groups following doses of 0.2 g/gBB, 0.3 g/gBB, and 0.4 g/gBB being administered significantly increased compared to that in the negative control group and the positive control group subjected to PG induction. Conclusion: Shark liver oil can significantly increase fibroblast cells and collagen density in the periodontal ligament of Wistar rats induced with PG.
Minimum inhibitory concentration of cocoa pod husk extract in Enterococcus faecalis extracellular polymeric substance biofilm thickness
Authors: Yuanita Tamara , Mooduto Latief , Lina Reinold Christian , Muttaqin Fajar Agus , Tangdan Ika , Marpaung Revina Ester Iriani , Sunur Yulianti Kartini
Published: February 2020

Background: Root canal treatment constitutes a treatment sequence for infected pulp to eliminate the etiological factors of pulp necrosis and periapical lesion. Enterococcus faecalis (E. faecalis) is an organism commonly found in a high proportion of root canal failure because of its ability to form biofilm. Degradation of extracellular polymeric substance (EPS) by oxidizing agents such as sodium hypochlorite is the first step in removing biofilm. However, the toxicity of sodium hypochlorite constitutes the main concern and, therefore, the safest alternative irrigants possible are required. The use of fruits, herbs and plants is widespread, especially in the fields of medicine and dentistry. Food crops are known to be rich in bioactive compounds, especially polyphenols, which have antioxidant and antimicrobial properties. Cocoa pod husk extract can, therefore, represent an alternative irrigant. Purpose: This study aimed to determine the minimum inhibitory concentration of cocoa pod husk extract in relation to the thickness of E. faecalis EPS biofilm. Methods: Four groups of E. faecalis cultured biofilm samples were analysed: group one contained E. faecalis without cocoa pod husk as a positive control; group two contained E. faecalis with 1.56% cocoa pod husk extract; group 3 contained E. faecalis with 3.125% cocoa pod husk extract; and group 4 contained E. faecalis with 6.25% cocoa pod husk extract. The biofilm thickness of all groups was measured by confocal laser scanning microscopy with statistical analysis subsequently undertaken by means of a post hoc test and Tukey HSD. Results: The average values of EPS biofilm thickness were as follows: group 1: 9500 nm; group 2: 8125 nm; group 3: 8000 nm; and group 4: 6375 nm. A post hoc Tukey HSD test indicated a significant difference between group 1 and group 4, while in group 2 and group 3 compared to group 1, there were no significant differences with the values of each being p = 0.340 and p = 0.267 (p>0.05). Conclusion: 6.25% cocoa pod husk extract reduces E. faecalis EPS biofilm thickness.
Analisis Pengaruh Pola Asuh Terhadap Kecelakaan Lalu Lintas pada Pelajar SMA Menggunakan Regresi Logistik
Authors: Bayumi Febrianti Qisti Arrum , Hendrati Lucia Yovita
Published: February 2020

Injuries due to traffic accidents were ranked eighth as health problem that caused deaths in several countries. Many traffic accidents occur in Africa and Southeast Asia with mortality rate of 26.6 and 20.7 deaths per 100,000 populations in 2016. East Java Province was ranked second as the location of traffic accidents on Java. Surabaya was ranked fifth as a contributor to the large number of road traffic accidents in East Java. The purpose of this study is to identify the relationship between parents’ authoritarian parenting and the experience of teenage traffic accidents while riding a motorcycle. This research is a cross sectional study and uses two stage random sampling method. From the sampling process, as many as 222 students were obtained as respondents. The instrument used in this study consists of personal data and the Parental Authority Questionnaire (PAQ) to identify parenting style. Data analysis was carried out by logistic regression test with α= 5%. The data collection process was carried out during April-October 2017 in public and private high school in Surabaya. Logistic regression test results showed that there is no significant impact between parenting style and traffic accidents experienced by respondents (authoritarian p = 0.966; OR = 0.967, permissive p = 0.616; OR = 1.556). The conclusion of this study is that traffic accidents are not directly affected by parenting style, but it has role in forming individual characteristics, such as decision making and driving attitudes.
Peramalan Jumlah Kasus Infeksi Saluran Pernafasan Akut (ISPA) pada Laki-Laki Tahun 2019 dengan Metode ARIMA
Authors: Saputra Moch. Fitriawan Eka , Rizky Muhammad
Published: February 2020

The ARIMA method is an approach that forms the most powerful model in analyzing time series data, and the studies given are very thorough. This method can be modeling data stationary or not stationary, it can be seen from sine wave shape of the plot ACF. This method is used because obtained the results are better and more accurate. According to WHO, Acute Respiratory Infection (ARI) is an infectious disease that causes can be morbidity and mortality. A four million people die each year. This study used secondary data so that it is categorized as non reactive research. The population were cases of Acute Respiratory Infections (ARI) at Jagir Health Center Surabaya which were recorded in 2013 to 2018 (monthly). The dependent variable is the cases of Acute Respiratory Infection (ARI), while the independent variable is time. The model that was obtained from the ARIMA method is a model (2.0,1). The forecasting result is 354 cases in 2019, the forecasting has increased from 2018 to only 313 cases. It was a suggestion that the forecasting result can be a reference for developing a policy and a new program or improvement in previous program so that the number cases of ARI at the Jagir Health Center can be resolved properly.
Tren Pencatatan Laporan Cakupan Kunjungan K4 Puskesmas di Dinas Kesehatan Kota Surabaya Tahun 2015–2017
Authors: Ni'mah Siti Rohmatun , Melaniani Soenarnatalina
Published: February 2020

One of the management of health information systems are reported and processed like data regarding coverage of K4 pregnant women. The coverage visited of pregnant women Surabaya in 2017 is 98.55% of 47,104 pregnant women. That indicator has been used assess maternal and child health services. This can be identified by the completed coverage of antenatal care (supply service standards and keeping the time set), which describes the ability of management or continuity of the maternal and child health program. The study was carried out to describe the trend of the coverage report system K4 pregnant woman visits at the Surabaya City Health Office in 2015–2017. This research is a descriptive study with a quantitative approachment, the data used by secondary data from the Surabaya City Health Profile Report from 2015 to 2017. The data were based on coverage of K4 pregnant women from 2015 to 2017, there are several publiic health centers with report trends visits to K4 pregnant women which tend to declined and less than the target of 98.45% that have been fixed in the Strategic Plan of Surabaya City Health Office. Three health center whose trend of data has decreased from 2014–2017 are Tembok Dukuh Health Center, Simokerto Health Center, and Menur Health Center. This is due to an error in the reporting mechanism both in data input, data processing, and output, it is necessary to develop an infoormation system for recording and reporting on maternal health services, especially for pregnant women and evaluating reports on K4 pregnant women's visits.
Heart rate variability and systemic hemodynamic state in adults with a first time, non-traumatic epileptic seizure during an orthoclinostatic stress test
Authors: Grebenyuk O. V. , Alifirova V. M. , Svetlik M. V. , Kataeva N. G. , Vasilyev V. N.
Published: February 2020

The aimof the study was to investigate vegetative maintenance of the activity and state of systemic hemodynamics in patients with a first time, non-traumatic epileptic seizure during a tilt table test (TTT).

Materials and methods. TTT was performed in 42 patients with absence of seizures and 78 patients having experienced unprovoked seizures. A control group included 70 patients with non-epileptic seizures with transient loss of consciousness (TLC), defined as syncope. The control group included 38 people without episodes of loss of consciousness in their medical history. The parameters of hemodynamics and heart rate variability (HRV) were investigated at all stages of the test.

Results. In patients with absence of seizures, initial sympathicotonia was recorded along with a decrease in ergotropic activation in orthostasis. In patients with unprovoked seizures, a hypersympathicotonic response to the orthostatic test was detected in combination with impaired vagal overshoot in the clinostatic phase of the test. In patients with TLC, evidence of vegetative insufficiency in the vertical position was identified, with the indicators going back to the background values in the horizontal position.

Conclusion. The revealed features of vegetative regulation in patients with absence of seizures and unprovoked seizures will allow to differentiate the mechanism of the first-time epileptic seizure more accurately.
Clinical and laboratory assessment of the effectiveness of early rehabilitation of patients with stroke using assistive robotic tools
Authors: Koroleva E. S. , Alifirova V. M. , Brazovskaya N. G. , Plotnikov D. M. , Levchuk L. A. , Boyko A. S. , Zapekin S. G. , Semenenko A. S. , Kataeva N. G. , Ivanova S. A.
Published: February 2020

Background. Using external robotic tools in rehabilitation of patients after stroke could activate neuroplasticity mechanisms, thus reducing the ischemic area and improving the neurological outcome of the disease.

Aim. To evaluate the effectiveness of early rehabilitation of stroke patients in Tomsk Regional Stroke Center using assistive robotic tools by correlational analysis of clinical and laboratory biomarkers of brain neuroplasticity.

Materials and methods. The study included 68 patients who suffered from stroke of the middle cerebral artery. Early rehabilitation was carried out in Tomsk Regional Stroke Center using assistive robotic tools according to the protocol. Neurotrophic factors in blood serum were measured by the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The severity of neurological disorders was characterized based on the Fugl – Meyer assessment scale (FMA).

Results. The clinical effectiveness of early motor rehabilitation in Tomsk Regional Stroke Center is confirmed by the statistically significant increase on the FMA scale by 5.2 ± 2.4 points (p = 0.008). Positive association between neurotrophic factors in blood serum and FMA total score enables to consider the resulting data as an evidence of neuroplasticity activation associated with the use of robotic electromechanical technologies.
Diagnostic potential of gut microbiota in Parkinson’s disease
Authors: Petrov V. A. , Alifirova V. M. , Saltykova I. V. , Zhukova I. A. , Zhukova N. G. , Dorofeeva Yu. B. , Ikkert O. P. , Titova M. A. , Mironova Yu. S. , Sazonov A. E. , Karpova M. R.
Published: February 2020

Background. Nowadays many efforts are taken in searching for Parkinson’s disease biomarkers, especially for an early recognition of the disease. The gut microbiota is one of the potential sources of biomarkers, changes in the composition of which in PD are actively studied.

The aim of this study is to identify microbiota biomarkers in the Parkinson’s disease with an estimated accuracy of the diagnostics, including differential diagnostics, relative to other neurological diseases for patients of the Russian population.

Material and methods. One hundred ninety-two metagenomics profiles from patients with Parkinson’s disease (n = 93), people with other neurological diagnoses (n = 33), and healthy controls (n = 66) were included in this study. These profiles were obtained with amplicon sequencing of bacterial 16S rRNA genes. Classifying models were made using the naive Bayes classifier, the artificial neural network, support vector machine, generalized linear model, and partial least squares regression.

As a result we established that an optimal classification by the composition of the gut microbiota on the validation sample (sensitivity 91.30%, specificity 91.67% at 91.49% accuracy) amid patients was demonstrated with a naive Bayes classifier using the representation of the following genera as predictors: Christensenella, Methanobrevibacter, Leuconostoc, Enterococcus, Catabacter, Desulfovibrio, Sphingomonas, Yokenella, Atopobium, Fusicatenibacter, Cloacibacillus, Bulleidia, Acetanaerobacterium, and Staphylococcus.

Conclusions. Information of the gut microbiota taxonomic composition may be used in differential diagnosis of Parkinson’s disease.
Diagnóstico dual en médicos residentes: una revisión sistemática
Authors: Vargas-Cáceres Sebastián , Mantilla María Fernanda , Ortega Germán , Bruguera Eugeni , Casas Miquel , Ramos-Quiroga Josep-Antoni , Braquehais María Dolores
Published: February 2020

El período de preparación como médico residente (en español, MIR) suele asociarse a una elevada sobrecarga emocional tanto por las nuevas exigencias profesionales como por otros factores psicosociales. El objetivo de este estudio es conocer las características del diagnóstico dual en los MIRs. Se llevó a cabo una revisión sistemática de las bases de datos MEDLINE (PubMed), Web of Science y Google Scholar, seleccionando artículos publicados en inglés y español entre 1984 y 2017. Se obtuvieron 2.415 artículos: se excluyeron 2.276 por título, 105 por el contenido del resumen y 17 por el contenido del artículo. En la revisión final se incluyeron 17 artículos. La prevalencia de clínica depresiva varía del 10,2% al 70%, de ansiedad entre 13,2% y 33,9%, de ideación suicida entre 6,7% y 25% mientras que el consumo de riesgo de alcohol se encuentra aproximadamente en torno al 20%, entre 2% y 13,4% se auto-prescriben medicamentos psicótropos y del 2,7% al 14% consumen otras sustancias. La mayoría de los estudios analizados adolecen de limitaciones metodológicas importantes lo que dificulta una adecuada comprensión del fenómeno. Las variaciones en las cifras de prevalencia tienen que ver con la disparidad de escalas y de criterios diagnósticos empleados, entre otros factores. Aún así, los estudios muestran que el consumo de alcohol y/u otras sustancias se correlacionan positivamente con el malestar emocional en los MIRs. Se hace necesario mejorar el conocimiento del diagnóstico dual en este grupo profesional para que se puedan prevenir y tratar sus consecuencias de manera más eficaz.
A non-participant naturalistic observational study on the use of slot machines in northern Spain
Authors: Grande-Gosende Aris , Martinez-Loredo Victor , García-Cueto Eduardo , Fernández-Hermida José Ramón
Published: February 2020

Background: Slots and electronic gaming machines (EGMs) are the most addictive gambling activities. The Spanish regulation allows venues of the hospitality sector to operate slot machines. Despite this high availability and accessibility, no data exists on the number of slot users and their associated characteristics. Aim: To describe the profile of slot users in public venues and to estimate the prevalence of slot machine use. Method: An observational study was performed using a randomized cluster sampling in Northern Spain. Several personal, drinking and gambling-related variables were recorded. Census data were used to estimate the number of slot users. Results: A total of 89 users were observed (94.4% males). Participants aged 18-35 were more likely to gamble with others and those aged +50 tended to gamble alone. Lone gamblers were more likely to gamble persistently. Slot users represented 4.28% of the total population, most of them male (94.38%) between the ages of 26 and 35 (6.13% of their age group). Conclusions: EGM use is more prevalent in young adults. Observational designs are adequate for exploring in vivo gambling behaviors. The high addictive potential of EGMs calls for preventive actions aimed at reducing their high availability and accessibility within the Spanish context.
Evaluación de la eficacia de WhatsApp en un programa grupal de reducción de daños asociados al consumo inyectado de drogas
Authors: Calvo Fran , Turró-Garriga Oriol , Carbonell Xavier
Published: February 2020

El presente estudio analiza el uso de una aplicación de mensajería instantánea (WhatsApp®) como canal de acceso a personas que se inyectan drogas. Se diseñó un estudio observacional longitudinal prospectivo de ocho semanas y tres observaciones en cinco centros de adicciones en Cataluña. Participaron 105 personas que consumían drogas por vía parenteral, distribuidas en cinco grupos de intervención grupal. Se compararon los resultados de la escala Risk Assessment Battery (RAB) (después de ser traducida al español y analizada su consistencia interna) en las tres fases de análisis pre test, post intervención y un mes después de la intervención. Los resultados indican una disminución significativa de las puntuaciones RAB tras la intervención a través de WhatsApp®. Se concluye que la intervención grupal a través de WhatsApp presenta grandes potencialidades para realizar intervenciones en reducción de daños y reducir el riesgo de contagio del VIH.
The role of personality on disordered gaming and game genre preferences in adolescence: Gender differences and person-environment transactions
Authors: López-Fernández Francisco J. , Mezquita Laura , Griffiths Mark D. , Ortet Generós , Ibáñez Manuel I.
Published: February 2020

Playing video games is one of the world’s most popular leisure activi- ties, especially for teenagers. The main aim of the present study was to examine additive and moderation effects of gender and personality to explain individual differences in problematic gaming and video game genre preferences in adolescence. 776 Spanish high school students (mean age = 14.29 years, SD = 1.59, 50.64% girls) completed the ques- tionnaires of the Five-Factor Model of personality, frequency of video gaming, disordered use, and the video games they mostly played.Gender differences were observed for gaming behaviors: boys played more and presented much more disordered gaming than girls. Boys preferred competitive genres; for example, action-shooters, sport, fight and strategy games. Girls preferred nonviolent and ocasional game genres; for example, social simulation, and brain and skill games. Gender moderated the association between personality and disor- dered gaming: disordered gaming was associated with low agreeable- ness and low conscientiousness in boys, and with low extraversion and low conscientiousness in girls. Low consciousnness moderated the association between gaming frequency and problematic use of video games: playing more video games led to disordered gaming, mainly in irresponsible and impulsive individuals. Though small, significant associations were found among all of the personality domains and vid- eo game genre preferences. These findings highlight the relevance of gender and personality for gaming behaviors in adolescence, and suggest paying more attention to gender-dependent differences and person-environment transactional processes when studying gam- ing-related behaviors.
Cell Lines for Honey Bee Virus Research
Authors: Guo Ya , Goodman Cynthia L. , Stanley David W. , Bonning Bryony C.
Published: February 2020

With ongoing colony losses driven in part by the Varroa mite and the associated exacerbation of virus load, there is an urgent need to protect honey bees (Apis mellifera) from fatal levels of virus infection and from nontarget effects of insecticides used in agricultural settings. A continuously replicating cell line derived from the honey bee would provide a valuable tool for study of molecular mechanisms of virus – host interaction, for screening of antiviral agents for potential use within the hive, and for assessment of the risk of current and candidate insecticides to the honey bee. However, the establishment of a continuously replicating, honey bee cell line has proved challenging. Here we provide an overview of attempts to establish primary and continuously replicating hymenopteran cell lines, methods (including recent results) for establishing honey bee cell lines, challenges associated with the presence of latent viruses (especially Deformed wing virus), in established cell lines and methods to establish virus-free cell lines. We also describe the potential use of honey bee cell lines in conjunction with infectious clones of honey bee viruses for examination of fundamental virology.
Gaussian Process Prediction Model to Estimate Excess Adsorption Capacity of Supercritical CO2
Authors: Nabipour Narjes , Qasem Sultan Noman , Mosavi Amir , Shamshirband Shahab
Published: February 2020

Deep coal beds have been suggested as possible usable underground geological locations for carbon dioxide storage. Furthermore, injecting carbon dioxide into coal beds can improve the methane recovery. Due to importance of this issue, a novel investigation has been done on adsorption of carbon dioxide on various types of coal seam. This study has proposed four types of Gaussian Process Regression (GPR) approaches with different kernel functions to estimate excess adsorption of carbon dioxide in terms of temperature, pressure and composition of coal seams. The comparison of GPR outputs and actual excess adsorption expresses that proposed models have interesting accuracy and also the Exponential GPR approach has better performance than other ones. For this structure, R2=1, MRE=0.01542, MSE=0, RMSE=0.00019 and STD=0.00014 have been determined. Additionally, the impacts of effective parameters on excess adsorption capacity have been studied for the first time in literature. According to these results, the present work has valuable and useful tools for petroleum and chemical engineers who dealing with enhancement of recovery and environment protection.
Earthquake Safety Assessment of Buildings Through Rapid Visual Screening
Authors: Harirchian Ehsan , Lahmer Tom , Buddhiraju Sreekanth , Mohammad Kifaytullah , Mosavi Amir
Published: February 2020

Earthquake is among the most devastating natural disasters causing severe economic, environmental, and social destruction. Earthquake safety assessment and building hazard monitoring can highly contribute to urban sustainable development through identification and insight into optimum materials and structures. While the vulnerability of structures mainly depends on the structural resistance, the safety assessment of buildings can be highly challenging. In this paper, we consider Rapid Visual Screening (RVS) method which is a qualitative procedure for estimating structural scores for buildings suitable for medium- to high-seismic cases. This paper presents an overview of the common RVS methods, i.e., FEMA P-154, IITK-GGSDMA, and EMPI. To examine the accuracy and validation, a practical comparison is performed between their assessment and observed damage of reinforced concrete buildings from a street survey in the Bingöl region, Turkey, after the 11 May 2003 earthquake. The results demonstrate that the application of RVS methods for preliminary damage estimation is a vital tool. Furthermore, the comparative analysis showed that FEMA P-154 creates an assessment that overestimates damage states and is not economically viable while EMPI and IITK-GGSDMA provide for more accurate and practical estimation, respectively.
An Alternative to PCA for Estimating Dominant Patterns of Climate Variability and Extremes, with Application to US Rainfall
Authors: Jewson Stephen
Published: February 2020

Floods and droughts are driven, in part, by spatial patterns of extreme rainfall. Heat waves are driven by spatial patterns of extreme temperature. It is therefore of interest to design statistical methodologies that allow the identification of likely patterns of extreme rain or temperature from observed historical data. The standard work-horse for identifying patterns of climate variability in historical data is Principal Component Analysis (PCA) and its variants. But PCA optimizes for variance not spatial extremes, and so there is no particular reason why the first PCA spatial pattern should identify, or even approximate, the types of patterns that may drive these phenomena, even if the linear assumptions underlying PCA are correct. We present an alternative pattern identification algorithm that makes the same linear assumptions as PCA, but which can be used to explicitly optimize for spatial extremes. We call the method Directional Component Analysis (DCA), since it involves introducing a preferred direction, or metric, such as `sum of all points in the spatial field'. We compare the first PCA and DCA spatial patterns for US rainfall anomalies on a 6 month timescale, using the sum metric for the definition of DCA in order to focus on total rainfall anomaly over the domain, and find that they are somewhat different. The definitions of PCA and DCA result in the first PCA spatial pattern having the larger explained variance of the two patterns, while the first DCA spatial pattern, when scaled appropriately, has a higher likelihood and greater total rainfall anomaly, and indeed is the pattern with the highest total rainfall anomaly for any given likelihood. In combination these two patterns yield more insight into rainfall variability and extremes than either pattern on its own.
Influence of Cross-Linker Polarity on Selectivity towards Lysine Side Chains
Authors: Fiala Jan , Kukačka Zdeněk , Novák Petr
Published: February 2020

The combination of chemical cross-linking and mass spectrometry is currently a progressive technology for deriving structural information of proteins and protein complexes. In addition, chemical cross-linking is a powerful tool for stabilizing macromolecular complexes for single particle cryo-electron microscopy. Broad pallets of cross-linking chemistry, currently available for the majority of cross-linking experiments, still rely on the amine-reactive N-hydroxysuccinimide esters targeting mainly N-termini and lysine side chains. These cross-linkers are divided into two groups: water soluble and water insoluble; and research teams prefer one or another speculating on the benefits of their choice. However, the effect of cross-linker polarity on the outcome of cross-linking reaction has never been studied. Herein, we use both polar (bis(sulfosuccinimidyl) glutarate) and non-polar (disuccinimidyl glutarate) cross-linkers and systematically investigated the impact of cross-linker hydrophobicity on resulting distance constraints, using bovine serum albumin as a model protein.
Grazing Cow Behavior and Lameness
Authors: O’Leary Niall W. , Byrne Daire T. , Garcia Pauline , Werner Jessica , Cabedoche Morgan , Shalloo Laurence
Published: February 2020

Development of accelerometer-based lameness (mobility) detection has focused on cow behaviors such as lying and walking. Several studies, usually small, have reported levels of accuracy up to 91%. However, there has been limited independent replication of these results. In this study, behavior measures previously identified as being associated with lameness such as lying bouts and walking time are examined in relation to mobility score. On a research farm and a commercial farm, four trials were completed with 65 grazing cows. The cows had differing mobility scores ranging from perfect mobility to impaired mobility. Behavior was monitored using leg worn accelerometers. In general, behavior and mobility associations identified in previous studies were not found. Behavior monitoring with accelerometers as a basis to classify impaired mobility in pasture-based contexts thus remains challenging.
Accessibility to Food Retailers: The Case of Belo Horizonte, Brazil
Authors: Garcia Camila Soares Henrique Fontanele , de Oliveira Renata Lúcia Magalhães , Góes Pinto Paulo Henrique
Published: February 2020

Access to food systems is essential to sustain urban life. In this paper, we discuss the differences concerning accessibility levels to food systems among potential consumers in Belo Horizonte, Brazil. The goal was to characterize spatial mismatches regarding food opportunities and identify suitable areas for sustainable food mile solutions, such as non-motorized home delivery and purchase trips. For this, we have spatially related: (i) the population concentration; (ii) the income of households; and (iii) accessibility measures considering both the spatial structure of food retailers and the distance between households and stores, considering the food mile. We have then used spatial statistics and spatial analysis methods to determine the spatial pattern of variables and the cumulative opportunity measure for households. There is great spatial differentiation regarding the accessibility levels of food retailers and the results can be considered to support the development of policy and land use regulation that can stimulate non-motorized and collaborative delivery as an effective last-mile solution.
Machine Learning Algorithms for Visualization and Prediction Modeling of Boston Crime Data
Authors: Yin Jiarui , Afa Michael Inikuro , Afa Iduabo John
Published: February 2020

Machine learning plays a key role in present day crime detection, analysis and prediction. The goal of this work is to propose methods for predicting crimes classified into different categories of severity. We implemented visualization and analysis of crime data statistics in recent years in the city of Boston. We then carried out a comparative study between two supervised learning algorithms, which are decision tree and random forest based on the accuracy and processing time of the models to make predictions using geographical and temporal information provided by splitting the data into training and test sets. The result shows that random forest as expected gives a better result by 1.54% more accuracy in comparison to decision tree, although this comes at a cost of at least 4.37 times the time consumed in processing. The study opens doors to application of similar supervised methods in crime data analytics and other fields of data science