bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Analisis Persiapan Pelaksanaan Patient Safety di Ruang Rawat Inap (Studi Kasus di RSUD Kabupaten Bima)
Authors: Budiwibowo Arif
Published: August 2019

The era of globalization brings the very rapid effects in the development of cutting-edge medical technology. These conditions have an impact on medical services is very complex and very potentially cause errors, so that the necessary improvement of the quality of health services. Patient safety is one important component in the quality of health services. Improving patient safety measures needed to prevent and minimize unexpected events (KTD). Nurses are one of the health workers who are at the front of health services have a very important role in improving patient safety. The aim of this research to assess patient safety analysis on the Attitudes of ward nurses in public district general hospital Bima and in particular to know the components of patient safety climate Attitudes include teamwork, job conditions, employment decisions, factors that support and hinder patient safety Attitudes. The study was descriptive qualitative. Subjects were nurses of three subjects and patients with interviews. Data collection techniques in this study are the tape recorder. Qualitative data analysis technique that was using descriptive analysis techniques to describe the data in the field were analyzed and concluded. Attitudes of patient safety component of work climate Attitudes patient safety team showed low, job satisfaction shows high patient safety Attitudes at the components of job satisfaction, working conditions showed low Attitudes patient safety, because of logistical and laboratory support is still lacking. Components of patient safety high Attitudes namely job satisfaction component of patient safety is low Attitudes climate of teamwork and conditions of employment because of logistical and laboratory support is still lacking.
Subsurface imaging of flexible circuits via contact resonance atomic force microscopy
Authors: Wang Wenting , Ma Chengfu , Chen Yuhang , Zheng Lei , Liu Huarong , Chu Jiaru
Published: August 2019

Subsurface imaging of Au circuit structures embedded in poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) thin films with a cover thickness ranging from 52 to 653 nm was carried out by using contact resonance atomic force microscopy (CR-AFM). The mechanical difference of the embedded metal layer leads to an obvious CR-AFM frequency shift and therefore its unambiguous differentiation from the polymer matrix. The contact stiffness contrast, determined from the tracked frequency images, was employed for quantitative evaluation. The influence of various parameter settings and sample properties was systematically investigated by combining experimental results with theoretical analysis from finite element simulations. The results show that imaging with a softer cantilever and a lower eigenmode will improve the subsurface contrast. The experimental results and theoretical calculations provide a guide to optimizing parameter settings for the nondestructive diagnosis of flexible circuits. Defect detection of the embedded circuit pattern was also carried out, which indicates the capability of imaging tiny subsurface structures smaller than 100 nm by using CR-AFM.
Reverse Shock Emission Revealed in Early Photometry in the Candidate Short GRB 180418A
Authors: Becerra R. L. , Dichiara S. , Watson A. M. , Troja E. , Fraija N. , Klotz A. , Butler N. R. , Lee W. H. , Veres P. , Turpin D. , Bloom J. S. , Boer M. , González J. J. , Kutyrev A. S. , Prochaska J. X. , Ramirez-Ruiz E. , Richer M. G.
Published: August 2019

We present observations of the possible short GRB 180418A in γ-rays, X-rays, and in the optical. Early optical photometry with the TAROT and RATIR instruments shows a bright peak (≈14.2 AB mag) between T + 28 and T + 90 s that we interpret as the signature of a reverse shock. Later observations can be modeled by a standard forward shock model and show no evidence of a jet break, allowing us to constrain the jet collimation to θ

j
 > 7°. Using deep late-time optical observations, we place an upper limit of r > 24 AB mag on any underlying host galaxy. The detection of the afterglow in the Swift UV filters constrains the GRB redshift to z < 1.3 and places an upper bound on the γ-ray isotropic equivalent energy E

γ,iso < 3 × 1051 erg. The properties of this GRB (e.g., duration, hardness ratio, energy, and environment) lie at the intersection between short and long bursts, and we cannot conclusively identify its type. We estimate that the probability that it is drawn from the population of short GRBs is 10%–30%.
The Foundation Supernova Survey: Measuring Cosmological Parameters with Supernovae from a Single Telescope
Authors: Jones D. O. , Scolnic D. M. , Foley R. J. , Rest A. , Kessler R. , Challis P. M. , Chambers K. C. , Coulter D. A. , Dettman K. G. , Foley M. M. , Huber M. E. , Jha S. W. , Johnson E. , Kilpatrick C. D. , Kirshner R. P. , Manuel J. , Narayan G. , Pan Y.-C. , Riess A. G. , Schultz A. S. B. , Siebert M. R. , Berger E. , Chornock R. , Flewelling H. , Magnier E. A. , Smartt S. J. , Smith K. W. , Wainscoat R. J. , Waters C. , Willman M.
Published: August 2019

Measurements of the dark energy equation-of-state parameter, w, have been limited by uncertainty in the selection effects and photometric calibration of z < 0.1 Type Ia supernovae (SNe Ia). The Foundation Supernova Survey is designed to lower these uncertainties by creating a new sample of z < 0.1 SNe Ia observed on the Pan-STARRS system. Here we combine the Foundation sample with SNe from the Pan-STARRS Medium Deep Survey and measure cosmological parameters with 1338 SNe from a single telescope and a single, well-calibrated photometric system. For the first time, both the low-z and high-z data are predominantly discovered by surveys that do not target preselected galaxies, reducing selection bias uncertainties. The z > 0.1 data include 875 SNe without spectroscopic classifications, and we show that we can robustly marginalize over CC SN contamination. We measure Foundation Hubble residuals to be fainter than the preexisting low-z Hubble residuals by 0.046 ± 0.027 mag (stat + sys). By combining the SN Ia data with cosmic microwave background constraints, we find w = −0.938 ± 0.053, consistent with ΛCDM. With 463 spectroscopically classified SNe Ia alone, we measure w = −0.933 ± 0.061. Using the more homogeneous and better-characterized Foundation sample gives a 55% reduction in the systematic uncertainty attributed to SN Ia sample selection biases. Although use of just a single photometric system at low and high redshift increases the impact of photometric calibration uncertainties in this analysis, previous low-z samples may have correlated calibration uncertainties that were neglected in past studies. The full Foundation sample will observe up to 800 SNe to anchor the LSST and WFIRST Hubble diagrams.
MEDITERATRI project - assessing the trophic ecology of predatory arthropods in Mediterranean agriculture via DNA metabarcoding diet analyses
Authors: Šerić Jelaska Lucija , Anđelić Barbara , Jelić Mišel , Kos Tomislav
Published: August 2019

A type of management and the use of pesticides in arable land may negatively affect a range of soil biota and thus their food webs important for ecosystem functioning. By analysing trophic interactions we could reveal the extent of potential benefits that certain organisms can provide in biocontrol and maintaining healthy ecosystems. To evaluate the role of predatory arthropods within olive orchards and vineyards under Integrated Pest Management (IPM) and Ecological Pest Management (EPM) we collected carabid beetles together with other dominant predatory arthropods in the field (e.g. ladybugs, antlions, spiders, centipedes) and subdued the individuals to molecular gut content analyses using NGS. DNA metabarcoding diet analysis approach allowed detecting a wide variety of taxa from gut contents of the predators. In addition, using ICP-MS and LC-MS/MS we quantified Cu, pesticides and its residues in soil and animals representing different trophic guilds. Since concentrations of some toxic compounds detected in carabids body were negatively correlated with those in the soil, we aim to identify a potential vector for possible transfer of toxicants to general predators via predation. The results contribute to the risk assessment of proliferation of detected chemical compounds including copper in the ecosystem and to the knowledge on the overall field sustainability of predatory invertebrates to maximize their role in pest control. The study was conducted under the project activity of HRZZ – Mediteratri.
Ground beetles (Coleoptera: Carabidae) react differently to urbanization than other predator groups in a riparian forest in southern Hungary
Authors: Eötvös Csaba , Lövei Gábor , Magura Tibor
Published: August 2019

Urbanization is one of the most important processes shaping our environment, which causes habitat reduction and alteration which are, in turn, the main reasons for the reduced structural and functional diversity in urbanized environments. Predation is one of the most important ecological functions because of its community-structuring effects. Quantification of predation on invertebrate prey is difficult, because the attacks are mostly cryptic and it is rare when evidence is present. Using dummy prey, which is fixed to a surface, the marks left by predators allows us to identify them. Current evidence indicates that predation pressure is lower in urban than rural areas. According to the natural flow-regime paradigm, extreme events (e.g. floods) constitute a primary adaptive pressure in riparian habitats. We tested the validity of the paradigm in urbanized habitats. Our study site was in and around the city of Szeged (Hungary), along two urbanization gradients selected according to the Globenet protocol along the banks of the river Tisza and Maros. Data collection was conducted from April to October, 2014-2016. Both urbanization gradients included rural, suburban and urban areas, each characterised by an increase in the built up area (0%-25%-50%), intensity of forest management, and visitation rates by city residents. Overall 12672 dummy caterpillars ware placed, 6336 were on the ground level and 6336 on tree trunks. The dummy caterpillars (20 mm long, 3 mm thick) were made of light green plasticine, using a modified garlic press, fixed to the bark of trees or on a suitable surface on the ground with superglue, exposed for 24 h. The marks were identified using a hand-held magnifying glass (10 x). Overall the most active predator group was small mammals, followed by insects and birds. Urban predation activity on ground level, caused mainly by carabid beetles was significantly lower than the suburban or rural ones. Carabid predation pressure was higher in suburban than in rural habitats, while all other predator groups (other insects, birds and small mammals) had a decreasing trend towards urban habitats. This means, that all studied predator groups act according to the Gray’s increasing disturbance hypothesis, while carabid beetles react to urbanization according to Connell’s intermediate disturbance hypothesis. We found no evidence for the natural flow-regime paradigm along the examined urbanization gradients.
DNA barcode library of megadiverse Austrian Noctuoidea (Lepidoptera) – a nearly perfect match of Linnean taxonomy
Authors: Huemer Peter , Wieser Christian , Stark Wolfgang , Hebert Paul , Wiesmair Benjamin
Published: August 2019

The aim of the study was to establish a nationwide barcode library for the most diverse group of Austrian Lepidoptera, the Noctuoidea, with 5 families (Erebidae, Euteliidae, Noctuidae, Nolidae, Notodontidae) and around 690 species. Altogether, 3431 DNA barcode sequences from COI gene (cytochrome c oxidase 1) belonging to 671 species were gathered, with 3223 sequences >500 bp. The intraspecific divergence with a mean of only 0.17% is low in most species whereas interspecific distances to the Nearest Neighbour are significantly higher with an average of 4.95%. Diagnostic DNA barcodes were obtained for 658 species. Only 13 species (1.9% of the Austrian Noctuoidea) cannot be reliably identified from their DNA barcode (Setina aurita/Setina irrorella,Conisania leineri/Conisania poelli,Photedes captiuncula/Photedes minima,Euxoa obelisca/Euxoa vitta/Euxoa tritici,Mesapamaea secalella/Mesapamea secalis,Amphipoea fucosa/Amphipoea lucens). A similarly high identification performance was achieved by the Barcode Index (BIN) system. 671 species of Austrian Noctuoidea, representing 3202 records with BINs, are assigned to a total of 678 BINs. The vast majority of 649 species is placed into a single BIN, with only 13 species recognised as BIN-sharing (including the barcode sharing species above). Twenty-one species were assigned to more than one BIN and have to be checked for cryptic diversity in the future.
Phylogeny and taxonomy of two new Plectosphaerella (Plectosphaerellaceae, Glomerellales) species from China
Authors: Zhang Zhi-Yuan , Chen Wan-Hao , Zou Xiao , Han Yan-Feng , Huang Jian-Zhong , Liang Zong-Qi , Deshmukh Sunil K.
Published: August 2019

The genus Plectosphaerella is the largest genus in the family Plectosphaerellaceae. Some species are plant pathogens, whereas others are soil-borne. Seven Plectosphaerella isolates were collected from various locations in the southwest of China. Using multi-locus phylogenetic (LSU, ITS, EF1α, RPB2) analyses combined with morphological characteristics, two new species, Plectosphaerella guizhouensissp. nov. and Plectosphaerella nauculasporasp. nov. are described, illustrated and compared with related species.
Distribution of Oribatida (Acari) along a depth gradient in forested scree slopes
Authors: Jakšová Patrícia , Ľuptáčik Peter , Miklisová Dana
Published: August 2019

Mesovoid shallow substratum (MSS) of scree slopes constitutes a transition habitat between the soil and the network of voids in the vadose zone of a bedrock massif. In the present study, the vertical distribution of oribatid communities along a depth of 95 cm was studied at five forested MSS sites in the Western Carpathians, Slovakia. The sites differed in type of bedrock, topography and gradient of the microclimate and nutrients content. In all, 909 specimens were captured in subterranean traps exposed for one year. Most Oribatida represented edaphic forms, and their presence in the depth profile of the screes was accidental.Pantelozetes cavatica(Kunst, 1962) was the only species closely linked to deep subterranean environments found in the deeper part of the single limestone site studied. Species richness and the activity of oribatids along the scree profile at the sites clearly reflected the content of organic carbon in the soil substratum. The communities had very low numbers of individuals and low species richness at three sites with soil pH < 7 and organic carbon content in the upper soil layer ≤ 10%. However, they differed markedly in internal temperature dynamics. The other two sites, with a slightly alkaline soil pH and a higher carbon content, showed distinctly higher activity and a relatively uniform pattern of oribatid distribution across the depth profile. The soil pH and organic carbon content in the topsoil layer were substantial factors that determined the Oribatida diversity and vertical distribution in the forested screes.
Autoformation et empowerment des femmes ayant un lupus
Authors: Danjou Sabine
Published: August 2019

Le contexte actuel (internet, réseaux sociaux, conférences, les associations de patients, l’ETP) favorise les apprentissages des femmes qui ont un lupus. Elles s’autoforment en développant au quotidien des savoirs qu’elles acquièrent de différentes manières pour se prendre en charge et être autonomes. Elles gagnent en compétences, en savoirs et partagent ces acquisitions avec d’autres patientes et avec leur entourage. Leur motivation est caractérisée par leur autodétermination, une auto-régulation, la confiance en elles-mêmes mais aussi par le désir de transmission mutuelle et de socialisation. Chaque femme devient sa propre spécialiste de son lupus. Ce processus autoformatif leur permet de changer de posture, de reprendre du pouvoir sur leur maladie et plus largement sur leur vie, de se reconstruire, et de retrouver une autonormativité.
L’accompagnement spécifique des enfants exposés aux violences conjugales : l’exemple d’un groupe d’expression pour enfants en Ille-et-Vilaine
Authors: Couture Laura , Cottineau Maxime , Dreano Morgane , Konieczka Antoine , Guegan Yann
Published: August 2019

Ce projet d’étude analyse les obstacles institutionnels, politiques ou économiques qui s’érigent face à la mise en place d’un groupe d’expression destiné aux enfants exposés aux violences conjugales, appelé ruban blanc . Le rapport Henrion insiste pourtant sur l’importance du phénomène des violences domestiques en termes de politique de santé publique et fera évoluer la prise en compte dans l’appareil législatif français à partir de 2010. L’enquête menée dans cette étude auprès des différents professionnels et décideurs impliqués dans le projet, montre une forte motivation, mais un manque de communication et un soutien financier encore insuffisants La sensibilisation publique constitue une de nos préconisations principales.
L’évolution de l’identité du formateur face à l’ Universitarisation de la formation en Soins Infirmiers et à l’avènement du e-learning
Authors: Di Rezze-Fleuriet Maria
Published: August 2019

Le thème de cette recherche est l’évolution de la posture du formateur face à l’avènement du numérique et à l’ universitarisation de la formation en soins infirmiers, auprès d’un public issu de la génération «  Why  ». Afin de recueillir les perceptions d’un public de formateurs, d’étudiants et d’universitaires, des entretiens semi-directifs et non directifs sont réalisés. Ce travail met en exergue les différentes représentations du corpus mais aussi l’ambivalence dans laquelle les formateurs se retrouvent face à l’évolution de la formation. D’une part, des craintes liées à l’entrée dans le cursus Licence-Master-Doctorat apparaissent, parallèlement à l’ universitarisation se révélant indispensable à l’évolution et à la reconnaissance de la formation. D’autre part, le numérique représente un atout non négligeable pour la formation, néanmoins, son manque d’interaction humaine le fragilise, le rendant moins attractif pour les étudiants issus principalement de la génération Y . Cette recherche permet de souligner deux éléments incontournables dans l’avenir de la profession et de la formation d’infirmier-ère, c’est la nécessaire implication dans la recherche de la profession et une reconsidération du rôle du formateur s’orientant davantage vers une posture d’accompagnement.
La réflexivité, un élément-clé de la professionnalisation infirmière
Authors: Holmberg-Laurency Carola
Published: August 2019

La capacité réflexive est considérée par beaucoup comme une caractéristique essentielle de la compétence professionnelle. Ceci sous-entend le développement d’une posture réflexive par des apports théoriques et par l’analyse de la pratique professionnelle. Néanmoins, la réflexivité n’est pas aisée pour les étudiants. Cependant, elle s’apprend à travers un accompagnement par les formateurs. Les instituts de formation en soins infirmiers instaurent la réflexivité en fonction de leurs moyens pédagogiques, ce qui crée des disparités de fonctionnement. L’objet de recherche est axé sur la réflexivité et sa contribution à une professionnalisation des étudiants en soins infirmiers. Cette recherche compréhensive et qualitative vise à comprendre si et en quoi la réflexivité instaurée en formation initiale aide les étudiants en soins infirmiers à se professionnaliser. Que pensent-ils des analyses de pratiques pendant la formation, mais aussi en tant que jeunes diplômés ? Quel est le rôle des tuteurs de terrain dans leur fonction d’encadrement au niveau de la pratique réflexive ?
Les dispositifs sociotechniques et le rapport au corps sensible des étudiants en soins infirmiers
Authors: Meunier Karen
Published: August 2019

Lors de rencontres de suivi pédagogique, les étudiants en soins infirmiers avouent des difficultés à effectuer des soins où ils doivent toucher des corps nus. À partir d’une recherche qualitative, cette étude cherche à décoder les phénomènes sociaux auxquels sont confrontés les futurs professionnels pour comprendre leurs émotions et leurs représentations. Ces jeunes sont nés, pour la plupart, avec le numérique où règnent Internet et les réseaux sociaux. La médiation technologique favorise le contact virtuel mais tend à l’évitement du toucher du corps réel. Les relations amoureuses se nouent par écrans interposés et leur identité change selon leur humeur. Le toucher est au centre de la relation soignant-soigné. L’identité professionnelle se forge sur la confrontation sur les valeurs individuelles du sujet et celles du système. Dans ce contexte, comment les étudiants en soins infirmiers construisent leur professionnalité soignante à travers leur rapport au toucher du « corps sensible »  ?
Influence of physical activity on cardiac autonomic control in patients with dyslipidaemia
Authors: Anand A. , Bhati P. , Mujaddadi A. , Verma S. , Naqvi I.H. , Hussain M.E.
Published: August 2019

The objective of this study was to compare the cardiac autonomic control of dyslipidaemia patients engaged in different levels of physical activity and to determine the predictive ability of physical activity for cardiac autonomic dysfunction in these patients. This study also aimed to compare the cardiac autonomic control of dyslipidaemia patients and healthy adults. 52 patients (age: 49.1±4.53 years) with dyslipidaemia were recruited along with 16 healthy adults. Physical activity levels were assessed by International Physical Activity Questionnaire, and subjects were divided into three categories – low, moderate, and high physical activity. Heart rate variability (HRV) analysis was performed for obtaining time and frequency domain parameters. Presence of cardiac autonomic dysfunction was defined as standard deviation of N-N intervals <44 ms. HRV parameters were compared between 3 groups of dyslipidaemia patients and healthy controls. Predictive ability of physical activity for cardiac autonomic dysfunction in dyslipidaemia was evaluated after adjusting clinical covariates. There was a significant difference between low-frequency power (cardiac sympathetic control), and ratio of low- and high-frequency (HF) power (sympatho-vagal balance) in low versus moderate physical activity group and low versus high physical activity group (P<0.001). Significant differences were also observed for HFnu power (cardiac vagal activity) and total power between the dyslipidaemia groups. Physical activity was found to be a significant (P=0.03), independent predictor of cardiac autonomic dysfunction in dyslipidaemia patients. Findings of the present study suggest that cardiac autonomic profile of dyslipidaemia patients with different physical activity levels varied significantly. Dyslipidaemia patients engaged in moderate and high physical activity demonstrated significantly less sympathetic activity and better sympatho-vagal balance than those engaged in low levels of physical activity; also, vagal cardiac control was significantly greater in high physical activity group. Lower levels of physical activity determined the presence of cardiac autonomic dysfunction in these patients at an optimal cut-off value of ≤1,558 Metabolic Equivalent of Tasks- min/week.
Rapid screening for cardiac arrhythmias in competition draft horses
Authors: Gallant L.R. , Jacob S.I. , Tadros E.M. , Woodrow J.S. , Hines M.T. , Ewart S.L. , Schott H.C.
Published: August 2019

Cardiac arrhythmias may cause decreased performance and sudden death during exercise. Our objectives were: (1) to determine prevalence of unrecognised arrhythmias in a population of competition draft horses by performing short duration screening electrocardiograms (ECGs) at rest; and (2) to assess utility of a commercial handheld device for recording equine ECGs. Owners or trainers of 244 draft horses (age 0.5-16 years), including 82 Percherons, 69 Belgians, 69 Clydesdales, 11 Belgian mules, 8 Shires, and 5 Percheron mules, were queried to determine signalment, performance history, and known arrhythmias. All horses were auscultated for 30 s and ECGs were obtained in 204 horses using a handheld recording device (AliveCor®). ECGs were reviewed for quality and used to determine heart rate (HR) and rhythm. When ECG tracing quality permitted, PQ and QT intervals were also measured. ECGs displaying RR intervals adequate for HR determination and rhythm assessment were recorded from 161 horses (79%) while tracings with consistent P waves, QRS complexes, and T waves were recorded from only 47 horses (23%). Four arrhythmias were detected by both auscultation and ECG: atrial fibrillation (1), premature complexes (1), and second-degree atrioventricular block (2). None of these horses had a history of poor performance or previous recognition of an arrhythmia. The prevalence of unrecognised, and potentially clinically significant, arrhythmias in draft horses at rest appears to be low (2/244; 0.8%, 95% confidence interval 0.1-2.9%). Longer recordings at rest, as well as recordings during and immediately after exercise, would likely have revealed a higher prevalence of arrhythmias.
Negro drama. Racismo, segregação e violência policial nas periferias de Lisboa
Authors: Raposo Otávio , Alves Ana Rita , Varela Pedro , Roldão Cristina
Published: August 2019

Em Portugal, um olhar mais atento denuncia a violência policial perpetrada nos territórios racializados e periféricos da cidade de Lisboa. Mais do que episódicos, estes representam processos quotidianos de controlo dos espaços e das pessoas que os habitam. A 5 de fevereiro de 2015, um caso de brutalidade policial contra um grupo de jovens negros da Cova da Moura teve ampla repercussão mediática e social, abrindo uma discussão pública sobre racismo institucional na sociedade portuguesa. Através de trabalho etnográfico e de análise estatística, de análise de imprensa e de legislação pretende-se discutir a relação entre processos mais amplos de racialização e criminalização do território, brutalidade policial e racismo institucional, ampliando uma discussão tão necessária quanto silenciada no Portugal contemporâneo.
La opacidad en los acuerdos globales. Una aproximación sociojurídica acerca del secreto en el campo legal
Authors: Filippon Carolina
Published: August 2019

En el campo de los regímenes globales privados, los arreglos y prácticas entre los actores del sector privado transnacional y el Estado hacen gala un nivel de opacidad que ha obstaculizado el ejercicio de derechos fundamentales, tales como el acceso a la información pública. Consideramos fundamental estudiar esta tensión entre los regímenes globales privados y el campo de los derechos humanos, a través del estudio de las variables institucionales y legales del secreto, para poner de manifiesto el carácter funcional de la opacidad del derecho y de los procesos de publicización que permitieron la redefinición en el campo legal como un problema público.
Engaging Students' Learning in the Built Environment Through Active Learning
Authors: Scott Lloyd Martin
Published: August 2019

This chapter addresses the position of learning, teaching, and assessment in education with the particular emphasis on higher education (HE) in the built environment (BE) but also embeds the context of the contemporary approaches that have emerged in the BE which are built on a solid educational underpinning. The conceptions of “active learning” are addressed from the perspective of what the literature refers to but also some significant reference to action research adopted, rolled out, and evaluated in undergraduate built environment education by the author. The “learning by doing” mantra of among the BE educational community has begun to make inroads. There is a more engaging approach from academics to support learners. An identification of the areas where improvement may be achieved into the future and the possible areas where research might be explored to address and solve some of these pertinent issues.
A Construction Management Education Focus and Process Direction
Authors: Stevens Matthew Steele , Day Jennifer E.
Published: August 2019

This chapter outlines culminates experience and thinking from two environments: 1) the construction contracting industry and 2) the built environment classroom – undergraduate and graduate. The authors' combined teaching experience covers more than two decades, but they do not pretend their knowledge is exhaustive. Others know more. Their desire is to add to their thoughts. They first address what the contractor desires of construction graduates. From there, they proceed to list focuses they believe important in sequential order for the teaching and learning process: 1) vocabulary, 2) conceptual frameworks, 3) iterative problem solving, 4) writing. After that, they describe their preferred delivery method: formative teaching, learning, and assessment.
Climate Change in the Built Environment
Authors: Gibberd Jeremy T.
Published: August 2019

Despite a growing awareness of climate change, there is little evidence that this is being addressed in cities and built environments. Events such as flooding in Houston, USA; landslides in Free Town, Sierra Leone; and water shortages in La Paz, Bolivia and Cape Town in South Africa demonstrate that it is increasingly important that climate change is understood and addressed in built environments to ensure that they become more resilient. This chapter introduces climate change and outlines the implications of this for built environments. It describes measures that can be incorporated into built environments to enable them to adapt to projected climate changes. Understanding climate change and preparing for this by developing built environments that are more resilient will be an increasingly valuable and important skill. Reading this chapter will support the development and refinement of skills and knowledge in this area and it is an essential reference for built environment students and practitioners.
OnSite
Authors: Pickersgill Robert Sean , Rameezdeen Rameez , Harvey Jennifer
Published: August 2019

The chapter summarizes the educational pedagogy researched and developed in the OnSite project, a multi-year trial of a blended virtual learning environment, situating it in the context of immersive learning environments generally and discussing the specific challenges in designing and creating environments suitable for introductory construction courses. It documents and reports the challenges in creating a virtual learning environment (VLE) for use within an introductory construction course for architecture and building students at the University of South Australia. In addition, the chapter will reflect on issues of technical development for immersive learning environments, discussing the purpose and value of high-fidelity modelling, texturing, and lighting to achieve learning “authenticity.” Finally, the chapter looks at the implications for VLEs of this sort in terms of larger issues regarding the potential for game engine (GE) environments as cooperative spaces within the AEC industry.
Cognitive Skills Development at Higher Educational Level in the Fourth Industrial Revolution
Authors: Fields Ziska
Published: August 2019

To compete in the workplace of the Fourth Industrial Revolution, cognitive skills development is critical. The traditional education system is not geared to prepare students for the demands of the future workplace and the disruptions of the Fourth Industrial Revolution and beyond. The objective of this chapter is to explore the development of cognitive skills in higher education with a specific focus on creativity. The chapter explains that higher education institutions need to place greater emphasis on developing cognitive skills and different types of intelligences to meet the demands of the future workplace. Fostering creativity is particularly important in this regard. The chapter presents two ways of assessing creativity and three techniques to develop this key skill in students. The author used qualitatively summarized evidence on the topic using informal and subjective methods to collect and interpret studies and secondary data.
Knowledge Management and the Digital Native Enterprise
Authors: Botha Deonie Francesca
Published: August 2019

This chapter will provide insights into the positioning and manifestation of knowledge management in a digital native enterprise. The findings of the literature review will be enhanced with the findings from three use cases reflecting on the infliction point between knowledge management and work performed in the digital native enterprise. The aforementioned will enable early insights into the role and contribution of knowledge management in an ecosystem where people and devices are seamlessly connected and strategic decisions are needed in respect of the positioning and manifestation of knowledge management, as well as the skillfulness required by knowledge managers within the construct of the digital native enterprise.
Review on Machine and Deep Learning Applications for Cyber Security
Authors: Thangavel M.  , Abiramie Shree T. G. R.  , Priyadharshini P.  , Saranya T.
Published: August 2019

In today's world, everyone is generating a large amount of data on their own. With this amount of data generation, there is a change of security compromise of our data. This leads us to extend the security needs beyond the traditional approach which emerges the field of cyber security. Cyber security's core functionality is to protect all types of information, which includes hardware and software from cyber threats. The number of threats and attacks is increasing each year with a high difference between them. Machine learning and deep learning applications can be done to this attack, reducing the complexity to solve the problem and helping us to recover very easily. The algorithms used by both approaches are support vector machine (SVM), Bayesian algorithm, deep belief network (DBN), and deep random neural network (Deep RNN). These techniques provide better results than that of the traditional approach. The companies which use this approach in the real time scenarios are also covered in this chapter.
Applications of Machine Learning in Cyber Security Domain
Authors: Iyer Sailesh Suryanarayan , Rajagopal Sridaran
Published: August 2019

Knowledge revolution is transforming the globe from traditional society to a technology-driven society. Online transactions have compounded, exposing the world to a new demon called cybercrime. Human beings are being replaced by devices and robots, leading to artificial intelligence. Robotics, image processing, machine vision, and machine learning are changing the lifestyle of citizens. Machine learning contains algorithms which are capable of learning from historical occurrences. This chapter discusses the concept of machine learning, cyber security, cybercrime, and applications of machine learning in cyber security domain. Malware detection and network intrusion are a few areas where machine learning and deep learning can be applied. The authors have also elaborated on the research advancements and challenges in machine learning related to cyber security. The last section of this chapter lists the future trends and directions in machine learning and cyber security.
Adoption of Machine Learning With Adaptive Approach for Securing CPS
Authors: Sigamani Rama Mercy Sam
Published: August 2019

The cyber physical system safety and security is the major concern on the incorporated components with interface standards, communication protocols, physical operational characteristics, and real-time sensing. The seamless integration of computational and distributed physical components with intelligent mechanisms increases the adaptability, autonomy, efficiency, functionality, reliability, safety, and usability of cyber-physical systems. In IoT-enabled cyber physical systems, cyber security is an essential challenge due to IoT devices in industrial control systems. Computational intelligence algorithms have been proposed to detect and mitigate the cyber-attacks in cyber physical systems, smart grids, power systems. The various machine learning approaches towards securing CPS is observed based on the performance metrics like detection accuracy, average classification rate, false negative rate, false positive rate, processing time per packet. A unique feature of CPS is considered through structural adaptation which facilitates a self-healing CPS.
Variable Selection Method for Regression Models Using Computational Intelligence Techniques
Authors: Dhamodharavadhani S.  , Rathipriya R.
Published: August 2019

Regression model (RM) is an important tool for modeling and analyzing data. It is one of the popular predictive modeling techniques which explore the relationship between a dependent (target) and independent (predictor) variables. The variable selection method is used to form a good and effective regression model. Many variable selection methods existing for regression model such as filter method, wrapper method, embedded methods, forward selection method, Backward Elimination methods, stepwise methods, and so on. In this chapter, computational intelligence-based variable selection method is discussed with respect to the regression model in cybersecurity. Generally, these regression models depend on the set of (predictor) variables. Therefore, variable selection methods are used to select the best subset of predictors from the entire set of variables. Genetic algorithm-based quick-reduct method is proposed to extract optimal predictor subset from the given data to form an optimal regression model.
The Marginalization and Exploitation of Women in Media Industry
Authors: Tankosic Mirjana M. , Grbic Ana V. , Krivokapic Zilijeta
Published: August 2019

The woman in media is still a face that symbolizes the field of popular culture and hypersexualized naked body, and it is most often presented in the media as a victim. In the last decade, the representation of women and the women`s movement in the media has managed to get some progress. In the media, we will not see Roma women, disabled women, we will not see poor women, because they are not topics that manage to sell media content. The only topic that sells newspapers is the topic of violence against women, first of all because it is a type of secondary victimization, where female identity through media content is again represented as ‘another', and through the identity of the victim. The dead or scorched female body and the continuum of violence satisfy the logic of market capital. The main areas that were highlighted in this research paper are the portrayal of women by the media, the marginalization of women in mass media, the image of women in media, the influence of media on the views of the gender, and the stereotypes of girls and women in the media.
Syrian Youth, War, and Community Approach to Stigma Surrounding Psychological Intervention
Authors: Mouhiddin Adnan
Published: August 2019

This chapter will discuss why countries that emerge from prolonged civil wars need to provide their citizens with adequate mental health services and make a reference to Syria as a case study. It will demonstrate an association between mental disorders and violence which threatens the stability, national security, and the aspired recovery of the country. The chapter will refer to young people as they are the future in process and the makers of the future change in Syria. However, rather than listing or discussing solutions, the chapter will take a community approach to stigma and discuss how a shift in the way the Syrian society views and approaches mental illness is necessary to alleviate stigma and its impact. The chapter will also show how minority groups among the Syrian youth are subject to an aggravated level of stigma. In doing so, the chapter will address various social concepts such as youth, masculinity, community, and society.
State Violence, Separatist Agitations, and Population Displacement in Cameroon
Authors: Chukwudi Onuoha F. , Chukwuma Okafor Joachim
Published: August 2019

This chapter interrogates the impacts of state violence and the proliferations of pro-separatist agitations in the Anglophone regions of Cameroon on vulnerable groups as its objective. Through secondary sources of data collection and content analysis, authors observed that the continued interplay of state violence and the various agitations for the independence of Ambazonia by separatist groups accounts for the ongoing displacement of women and children both as internally displaced persons and refugees. Hence, they argued that the unprecedented humanitarian challenges facing these vulnerable groups manifest in the various spheres of confrontations involving the Cameroonian security forces and various armed separatist groups in Southern Cameroon. Tables in this chapter provide links between how various dimensions of the Anglophone crisis affect women and children. This chapter discusses also the factors fuelling separatist agitations, future research directions, solutions and recommendations in resolving the Anglophone crisis in the Republique du la Cameroun.
Globalization, the Media, and Challenges of Illegal Migration for Africa
Authors: Assay Benjamin Enahoro
Published: August 2019

There is a growing concern about African migrants who risk their lives to embark on hazardous journeys across dozens of borders and the treacherous waves of the Mediterranean Sea in search of a better life in Europe. Cable News Network footage of a live auction in Libya, where black youths were presented to north African buyers as potential farmhands and sold for as little as $400 confirm the fears and brought to the fore the ugly reality of the plight of illegal migrants. Aside, the narratives in the media about migration also give cause for concern. In the midst of the general invisibility of illegal migrants in the media, most portrayals refer to migrants in connection with themes of ‘trafficking', ‘prostitution', ‘slavery', and ‘death' because cases of enslavement, drowning, and killings of trafficked Africans in search of utopia greener pastures flood newspapers, magazines, and broadcast space. It is against this backdrop that this chapter proffers solutions and recommends ways to halt illegal migration and change media narratives about migration in Africa.
Marginalization of Pupils With Disabilities in Educational System
Authors: Stepanović Saša , Milivojević Tatjana Đ. , Manić Ljiljana
Published: August 2019

The educational development history of pupils with disabilities is characterized by a very slow change in the social awareness that their specialty and importance are not obstacles for successful inclusion in education and society. The obstacles to the full integration of these pupils into the educational process, as well as other segments of social life, are the result of the community's attitude towards people with disabilities, often based on their marginalization and extradition. However, when disability is viewed as only one of the personality specificities, through the adjustment of the environment, it influences the fact that the attitude of the society towards the person with disabilities is not an obstacle in the development of the personality and its socialization. In this sense, society as a whole plays an important role in the optimal development of each member, and therefore we will deal with the problem of inclusion and education as well as the importance of involving children with disabilities in the educational system.
New “Trends” of Sentence Execution in the Globalization Era
Authors: Bakirli Erifyli
Published: August 2019

This chapter reviews the way “home confinement with electronic monitoring” is widespread internationally as an alternative penal sanction to imprisonment, in the globalization era. More specifically, the globalization of criminal activity, the emergence of new forms of criminal behavior, the privatization of anticrime policy, and the appearance of “modern governance of security,” all have allowed technology to infringe into social control of crime. The chapter explores the conception of the idea of a constant electronic surveillance system of offenders into their private space in the late 60s. Since then, such form of punishment has expanded to many penal systems all over the world, having greater appeal in Great Britain than elsewhere in Europe. Greece, following the developments described above, enacted Law No 4205/2013 and therefore, the parameters of the Greek pilot program of electronic monitoring are examined. Finally, the chapter considers all possible violations to ‘prisoners' fundamental rights and to those residing with them.
Securing the Cloud for Big Data
Authors: Robinson Michael , Jones Kevin
Published: August 2019

This chapter explores how organizations can seek to secure a public cloud environment for use in big data operations. It begins by describing the challenges that cloud customers face when moving to the cloud, and proposes that these challenges can be summarized as a loss of control and visibility into the systems and controls around data. The chapter identifies thirteen areas where visibility and control can be lost, before progressing to highlight ten solutions to help regain these losses. It is proposed that planning is the most significant step a customer can take in ensuring a secure cloud for big data. Good planning will enable customers to know their data and pursue a risk-based approach to cloud security. The chapter provides insight into future research directions, highlighting research areas which hold the potential to further empower cloud customers in the medium to long term.
Big Data
Authors: Kumari P. Lalitha Surya
Published: August 2019

This chapter gives information about the most important aspects in how computing infrastructures should be configured and intelligently managed to fulfill the most notably security aspects required by big data applications. Big data is one area where we can store, extract, and process a large amount of data. All these data are very often unstructured. Using big data, security functions are required to work over the heterogeneous composition of diverse hardware, operating systems, and network domains. A clearly defined security boundary like firewalls and demilitarized zones (DMZs), conventional security solutions, are not effective for big data as it expands with the help of public clouds. This chapter discusses the different concepts like characteristics, risks, life cycle, and data collection of big data, map reduce components, issues and challenges in big data, cloud secure alliance, approaches to solve security issues, introduction of cybercrime, YARN, and Hadoop components.
Bootstrapping Urban Planning
Authors: Lohachab Ankur
Published: August 2019

Rapid growth of embedded devices and population density in IoT-based smart cities provides great potential for business and opportunities in urban planning. For addressing the current and future needs of living, smart cities have to revitalize the potential of big data analytics. However, a colossal amount of sensitive information invites various computational challenges. Moreover, big data generated by the IoT paradigm acquires different characteristics as compared to traditional big data because it contains heterogeneous unstructured data. Despite various challenges in big data, enterprises are trying to utilize its true potential for providing proactive applications to the citizens. In this chapter, the author finds the possibilities of the role of big data in the efficient management of smart cities. Representative applications of big data, along with advantages and disadvantages, are also discussed. By delving into the ongoing research approaches in securing and providing privacy to big data, this chapter is concluded by highlighting the open research issues in the domain.