bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
3D In-Situ Characterization of Individual Grains in CuAlNi Shape Memory Alloys during Cyclic Loading Using X-Ray Topotomography
Authors: Moya Janice , Ludwig Wolfgang , Jin Yuefeng , Wright Jonathan , Creuziger Adam , Bucsek Ashley N.
Published: May 2024

The crystallographic theory of martensite (CTM) forms the foundation of our understanding of stress-induced reversible martensitic phase transformation cycling, relying on assumptions that exclude precipitates, grain boundaries, plasticity, and strained lattices. An ongoing challenge persists in adapting our understanding of CTM-based micromechanical theory (e.g., habit plane variant, or HPV, prediction and the origins of hysteresis and, subsequently, functional fatigue) to real, engineering-grade SMAs. Due to the complexity, elucidating the micromechanical phenomena requires novel high-resolution 3D in-situ characterization techniques.
Flexocaloric Effect in a Cu-Al-Ni Single Crystal
Authors: Vives Eduard , Valdés Emma , Porta Marcel , Pérez-Junyent Clàudia , Mañosa Lluís , Planes Antoni , Saxena Avadh
Published: May 2024

Caloric effects are reversible thermal changes that occur in a solid material in response to an external field, either magnetic, electric or mechanical. Materials with large caloric effects are candidates to be used for environmentally friendly, solid-state refrigerators. In the case of mechanocaloric effect, thermal changes are induced by a mechanical field. Most of the work to date has been carried out by the application and removal of uniaxial stress or hydrostatic pressure and the corresponding caloric effects are usually denoted as elastocaloric and barocaloric effects, respectively. Mechanocaloric effects are very large when they occur associated with a ferroelastic phase transition involving a collective atomic rearrangement as occurs in martensitic phase transitions that involve a change of symmetry of the unit cell. Recently, it has been theoretically suggested that the possibility of actuating with more complex mechanical fields such as bending or twisting should have a several advantages. In this work we present a study of flexocaloric effect in superelastic materials exhibiting structural transitions.
Investigating Elastocaloric Effect of NiTi Shape Memory Alloy Fabricated by Laser Powder Bed Fusion Technique
Authors: Kordizadeh Fatemeh , Mohajerani Shiva , Safaei Keyvan , Andani Nasrin Taheri , Pourshams Mohammad , Abdollahzadeh Mohammad Javad , Elahinia Mohammad
Published: May 2024

It has been shown that about 20% of the global electricity supply is used for refrigeration and cooling. Thus, the substantial global warming impact of refrigerants remains a crucial concern. In an attempt to solve this issue, caloric cooling technology has shown significant potential as an alternative to vapor-compression technology. Caloric cooling technology utilizes the latent heat of a solid-state phase transformation of a caloric material by applying an external trigger. The caloric cooling technologies can be broken down into four categories including magnetocaloric, electrocaloric, barocaloric, and elastocaloric. Among these four materials, the considerable elastocaloric effect and easy actuation of these materials make them an excellent alternative to the usual approach. The elastocaloric effect is defined by the adiabatic temperature change (△ Tad) in elastocaloric materials when uniaxial stress (load) is applied or removed in the adiabatic state. This phenomenon can be found in all shape memory alloy (SMAs) materials. To elaborate further, SMAs undergo a stress-induced transformation between austenite and martensite phases upon adiabatic loading and unloading. These phase transitions result in △ Tad (heating or cooling) within the materials. For example, during unloading, the endothermic reverse transformation from martensite to austenite leads to decreased temperature (cooling) within the sample. It has been well-defined in the literature that NiTi materials, a well- known type of SMA materials, are the best candidate in the elastocaloric industry due to their large latent heat and excellent mechanical properties and result in a large elastocaloric effect. There has been a limited number of studies that have explored the elastocaloric effect of NiTi. Additionally, it has been shown in the literature that the elastocaloric effect of this material can be optimized by adjusting the process parameters, providing a new route to investigate the elastocaloric effect of additively manufactured NiTi. It should be known that any change in the thermomechanical and mechanical behavior of NiTi materials results in a difference of the elastocaloric effect. To elaborate further, any process or building orientation controls that enhance the strength of the martensitic and austenitic phases will reduce slipping and enable recoverable strains to reach higher levels, resulting in a larger △Tad. In this comprehensive study, the effect of building orientation on the elastocaloric response was investigated and followed by an investigation of the effect of porous structures on the elastocaloric response.
Fatigue Life Assessment of Ni-Ti Stent-Like Devices: Investigation of a Fracture Mechanics Approach
Authors: Brambilla Alma , Berti Francesca , Patriarca Luca , Petrini Lorenza
Published: May 2024

Damage-tolerant approaches, relying on fracture mechanics, are powerful tools adopted in many engineering sectors to predict the initiation and propagation of fracture. In the last two decades, there has been a growing interest in extending these methods to shape memory alloy (SMA) components despite their greater complexities related to phase transformation and the thermomechanical coupling characterizing material response. SMA devices for actuation, damping, and energy absorption are the most appropriate applications of fracture mechanics, being large enough to sustain crack growth before fracture. Nevertheless, also the biomedical field is moving toward these methods for a more accurate prediction of device failure. This work investigates a damage-tolerant approach for predicting the fatigue fracture of Nickel-Titanium (Ni-Ti) stent-like devices. In the case of stenotic lower limb arteries, Ni-Ti SMAs are the top choice for designing self-expanding stents for mini-invasive deployment. The stents throughout their lifespan are subjected to cyclic loads mainly due to gait (106 cycles/year at 1 Hz) causing fatigue failures related to dramatic drawbacks. Since fatigue fracture is typically related to crack growth from manufacturing-related defects, this research aims to identify the basic ingredients needed to apply fracture mechanics, highlighting the critical aspects that should be considered given the particular features of the material and its application in the cardiovascular field.
Application of Shape Memory Alloys Inside a Ram Air Door Rotary Actuator
Authors: Pick Dean , Richman Ryan , Tran Daniel , Calkins Frederick , Nicholson Douglas E. , Jones Zachary , Steadele Jason
Published: May 2024

As the aerospace sector aims to decrease its greenhouse gas emissions from historical levels, vehicle lightweighting is seen as key to achieving meaningful reductions in the sector. Shape memory alloy (SMA) materials have been shown to have extremely high work density that, when applied in an actuator, can yield significant weight savings compared to electric motor and hydraulic powered alternatives.
Shape Memory Alloy Rotary Actuators for Aerospace: Part 1 Design and Testing
Authors: Nicholson Douglas E. , Calkins Frederick , Mabe James H.
Published: May 2024

Shape memory alloys (SMA) provide a compact, robust, light-weight and scalable rotary actuation technology suitable for many aerospace applications that require precise control and high torque. Over the last 25 years Boeing has fabricated, processed and characterized several hundred NiTi-based tubes with the objective of optimizing performance for aerospace applications. The effects of supplier, material composition, processing, heat treatment, training parameters and component size were characterized and mapped in NiTi and NiTiHf systems. The effects of lower and upper cycle temperature (LCT and UCT, respectively), applied torsional loading (including nominal, minimum, maximum, reversed and varying), rotational limits (blocking) and repeated thermal cycling (to over 100,000 cycles) were systematically investigated. Based on those results, torsional SMA components were fabricated for optimal performance and evaluated under repeated thermal cycling under load to assess their ability to meet actuator requirements for an applications’ required life cycle. Additionally, isothermal torque-deflection and constant torque thermal cycling test (similar to E3414) have been performed across all relevant actuator parameters. This paper reviews and summarizes test outcomes, providing additional insight into the design and characterization of SMA rotary actuator components in context of the SMA material, component processing, operational parameters and their intended use in applications.
Constitutive Model for NiTi Polycrystalline Alloys Undergoing Transformation and Plastic Deformation Processes
Authors: Frost Miroslav , Sedlák Petr , Seiner Hanuš , Valdman Jan , Moskovka Alexej , Šittner Petr
Published: May 2024

Great attention has been recently paid to the investigation of plastic deformation in NiTi. Experimental investigations of the mechanical response of NiTi polycrystalline samples within a broad stress-strain-temperature state space have revealed a complex response involving martensitic transformation, reorientation, and plastic deformation processes. The interactions between them result in complex coupled phenomena, such as transformation-induced plasticity, martensite stabilization through plastic deformation, and micro-strain heterogeneity induced by plasticity. Plastic deformation in NiTi not only generates irrecoverable strain at the macroscale, but it also induces substantial strain heterogeneity in the microstructure. This heterogeneity significantly affects the functional properties and may open up new technology pathways for designing sophisticated products. Tailored constitutive models that can reproduce the response in complex loading scenarios can be extremely beneficial.
Shape Memory Alloy Actuation Device Design Tool
Authors: Gantz Faith , Bolisay Linden , Palisoc Art , Young Marcus L.
Published: May 2024

Shape memory alloys (SMAs) are a novel solution to reducing the actuating system weight and mechanical complexities which consequentially comes with integration challenges. Some of these challenges are due to limited production accessibility and often need reengineering. A materials model turned into analytical routines would allow empirical data to predict the structural behavior of SMAs. An SMA design tool would bridge material science and engineering practices by guiding the users through an iterative design approach to improve integration efficiency for actuating devices. A user-friendly first-order approximation model was developed by the Consortium for the Advancement of Shape Memory Alloy Research and Technology (CASMART) to capture the macroscopic effects of forward and reverse transformation for various actuator types such as wires, springs, and torque tubes. This tool allows quick changes and iterations throughout the design process, which is particularly helpful in comparing actuator types. Although it is convenient to use, the ability to capture the SMA nonlinear and complex inelastic response is limited. Phenomenological-based models have been developed by incorporating classical theory of plasticity and by relating martensite volume fraction to the laws of thermodynamics. The phase transformation can be characterized as a rate-independent plasticity using the volume of martensite to govern the change in material properties between austenite and martensite. The development of the model itself incorporates other characteristics such as the degradation of performance due to plastic strain and the change in transformation strain during partial cycling. The challenge with these models is the complexity for the user. The starting point to create a user-friendly SMA design tool involved combining a phenomenological-based model with Finite Element Models (FEM). Integrating a complex 3D constitutive model with ABAQUS Finite Element Analysis (FEA) encompasses both conventional material parameters and unique shape memory alloy parameters.
A Novel Path Planning Framework for Constructing Compositional Gradients in Many-Element Systems
Authors: Price Samuel Grant , Cao Zhaoxi , McCue Ian
Published: May 2024

Shape memory alloys (SMAs) have found widespread use in superelastic components and as compact, lightweight actuators. However, current use cases require SMAs to be joined to structural alloys (e.g., A17075, Inconel 718, 316L). At present, this is done mechanically (e.g., bolting or crimping) adding significant weight and volume, which reduces the benefit of using an SMA. Attempts at metallurgical bonds, which would not incur the weight/volume penalties of mechanical joints, have fallen short, often producing joints with deleterious phases and poor joint efficiencies (defined as σjoint/σmaterial). This is largely because the elemental composition and phase structure of SMAs are highly dissimilar to nearly all structural alloys. As a result, most of the possible composition gradients connecting the SMA to the structural alloy led to the formation of undesirable phases, typically brittle intermetallics. Thus, for a metallurgical joint to be successful, it must have a final composition gradient that results in favorable (strong, ductile) phases, while avoiding unfavorable (weak, brittle) ones. This joint requires two features: (1) a target final gradient that is known (or predicted) to be favorable; and (2) a technique for guiding the joining process to such a targeted final gradient. This work focuses on developing the former.
Challenges in Alloying of NiTi - New Approaches for Low-Hysteresis and High-Temperature SMAs
Authors: Lemke Jannis Nicolas , Coda Alberto , Fiocchi Jacopo , Biffi Carlo Alberto , Tuissi Ausonio
Published: May 2024

Despite the evident existence of market demand and great efforts in alloy development and processing, non-binary NiTi alloys struggle to exploit their full potential and to satisfy the high expectations from industry. Two exemplary fields of research are low-hysteresis (LH-SMA) and high temperature shape memory alloys (HT-SMA), in which many alloy solutions with promising results were proposed in the last decades, but almost none was commercialized on an industrially relevant scale. The reasons for the limited success might be manifold: Material inherent challenges like creating workable, reliable and performing alloys, cost of setting-up a stable process, trust in new technology, communication between material designer and potential end-user, lack of material provider and further drawbacks obstacle the way to commercialization. Evidentially, existing LH-SMA and HT-SMA solutions suffer a lack of trust from industries to achieve commercial success. Therefore, besides developing material solutions, new ways need to be found to achieve and demonstrate the full potential of the most promising alloys and systems. The here presented research work consists of an assessment of the main obstacles in designing and preparing high-performing ternary and quaternary alloys. The scope is to answer what could be the ideal low hysteresis and high temperature shape memory alloys for industrial commercialization, what are the potentials and limits of commonly used theories and models in material design? What could be suitable demonstrators, experiments and prototypes of simple configurations from a technical point of view in order to convince potential end-users of such novel materials, how could they to be prepared and benchmarked? To be more persuasive, the demonstrator should constitute of an application relevant shape and could be prepared by non-conventional processes if it supports the full exploitation of the material advantages.
Reduction of Mechanical Anisotropy in Nitinol Thin Sheets
Authors: Yin Weimin , Lafond Rich
Published: May 2024

Nitinol sheets develop various crystallographic textures during the rolling process. The crystallographic texture results in orientation-dependent mechanical response variability, such as plateau stress, plateau strain and residual strain. These anisotropic mechanical responses may cause a non-uniformity of deformation in engineering components and increase a risk of structure failure and material damage, particularly for those products involving large crimping strain in medical device fabrication.
Fatigue Life Control of Nitinol Flat Continuous Rolled Sheets with Staple Shaped Samples
Authors: Plaskonka-Weisenburger Katarzyna , Keck Andreas , Pelton Alan R. , Pelton Sean M. , Nagaraja Srinidhi , Launey Maximilien , Ulmer Jochen
Published: May 2024

Nitinol staples are in forefront of internal fixation devices. The application of staples in comparison with other fixation methods such as plates, screws or pins has benefits of being less invasive and simpler. There is a huge potential of using Nitinol in the orthopedic field, but so far only limited research done on material properties of Nitinol in combination with fatigue life of Nitinol staples. Earlier work has shown significant impact of grain size on fatigue life of Nitinol sheet. The aim of this study was a comparative investigation on the fatigue behavior of semi-finished Nitinol flat continuous rolled sheets with staple shaped samples and optimization of Nitinol sheet for the use in the biomedical implant under product-related conditions. Samples based on a generic staple design used in the internal fixation of the musculoskeletal system and four-point bend test methods were used to conduct this study. Monotonic force-displacement tests at different maximum force conditions were conducted, to understand the relationship between microstructure in Nitinol sheets and fatigue life. To get a better understanding of these correlations is primary objective of this investigation.
Correlation between Differential Scanning Calorimetry and Bend Free Recovery Test Methods when Evaluating Nitinol Wire Austenite Finish Transformation Temperature
Authors: Nagel Emily , Dickenson Roger , Moloney Marie , Roach Lee , Bollam Sahit
Published: May 2024

There are two primary test methods used in industry to evaluate nitinol phase transformations, bend free recovery (BFR) per ASTM F2082 and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) per ASTM F2004. Both methods are widely used, but the correlation between the method outputs for Austenite Finish (Af) temperature is not fully characterized. This can be challenging when different methods are specified or preferred by suppliers, customers, and manufacturers. DSC is a method that measures the change in energy as a function of temperature; it is a strictly thermal method. Whereas BFR monitors the displacement of a sample as temperature increases. There is a lack of published data discussing how different wire processing inputs impact the correlation between these two outputs.
Laser Straight Annealing of HT-SMA Thin Wires
Authors: Coda Alberto , Biffi Carlo Alberto , Lemke Jannis Nicolas , Fiocchi Jacopo , Tuissi Ausonio
Published: May 2024

In recent years, the interest in shape memory alloys with high transformation temperatures (HTSMA) has significantly increased not only in the academic sphere, but also due to a market-push, especially from aerospace, automotive, and robotics. However, a real break-through has not been achieved yet because of several problems: Lower chemistry control than in NiTi alloys, instability of martensite, decomposition of the matrix phase, brittleness, oxidation, etc. Despite those challenges, steady progress has been made on specific systems and distinct thermo-mechanical treatments have been elaborated to reach promising HT-SMA behavior. Among several systems, Ni-Ti-Hf-Nb emerged as particular promising due to superior mechanical properties of its alloys compared to those of the ternary Ni-Ti-Hf system. In particular, the ductility of Ni-Ti-Hf increases significantly by adding Nb, allowing for formation of a soft eutectic network composed of shape memory matrix phase and a not transforming β-Nb phase at the grain boundaries. Recently, it was demonstrated that by this alloying approach, it is possible to obtain fine wires using conventional drawing techniques, increasing the opportunities for a successful industrial commercialization. In this work, Laser technology was explored for straight annealing of HT-SMA wires and promoting shape memory behavior. The functional performances of laser treated wires were assessed through differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), microstructure analysis, tensile tests and thermal cycling under constant load. Laser parameters were optimized for tailoring transformation properties in order to get a stable transformation at high temperatures, the results were compared to those ones of furnace annealed wires.
Challenges, Regulations, and Strategies to Prevent Child Marriage in Indonesia: A Comparative Study with Malaysia
Authors: Busthomi Arifin  , Rusmilawati Windari
Published: May 2024

Child marriage is a global issue that has become a challenge in many countries, one of which is Indonesia. The purpose of this research is to explore the factors of child marriage, analyze the child marriage regulations applied by Indonesia and then compare them with Malaysia in order to find the best ideal formulation for Indonesia in terms of regulating child marriage, and map out what steps need to be taken to reduce the number of child marriages. Included in the type of normative legal research by collecting all relevant legal materials through library research techniques and then analyzed descriptively qualitative. The results show that there are nine factors for child marriage ranging from poverty to self-will. In addition, there are differences in child marriage regulations in Indonesia and Malaysia where the positive thing that Indonesia can adopt from Malaysia is the synchronization of the age of the child in the Marriage Law and the Child Protection Law to be in line with the Convention on the Rights of the Child. Efforts to reduce the number of child marriages must have a strong synergy between the government and the community.
PENGEMBANGAN METODE PEMBELAJARAN BERBASIS TEACHING FACTORY PADA MODUL PRAKTIKUM SAPONIFIKASI (PEMBUATAN SABUN HERBAL)
Authors: Rinaldi Kardian , Riniati Riniati , Widiastuti Endang
Published: May 2024

Modul saponifikasi (pembuatan sabun) adalah modul yang relevan untuk dikembangkan dalam bentuk teaching factory. Proses pembuatan sabun memuat tahapan perencanaan, persiapan alat dan bahan, produksi, karakterisasi produk, pengemasan, pelabelan, hingga pemasaran. Pada penelitian ini, implementasi pembelajaran berbasis teaching factory pada modul saponifikasi diawali dengan tahap perencanaan dan preparasi, optimasi prosedur percobaan (ekstraksi senyawa aktif, pembuatan, dan karakterisasi sabun herbal), dan implementasi metode pembelajaran. Produk sabun herbal dibuat dengan penambahan ekstrak bahan alam antibakteri, yaitu lengkuas merah, ketepeng cina, dan bunga telang. Optimasi prosedur percobaan menghasilkan modul praktikum sebagai panduan pembelajaran. Implementasi pembelajaran dilakukan terhadap 61 mahasiswa Program Studi D-III Analis Kimia Jurusan Teknik Kimia Politeknik Negeri Bandung pada mata kuliah Praktikum Kimia Organik. Hasil kuesioner menunjukkan bahwa 98,36% mahasiswa tertarik dengan metode praktikum yang diterapkan serta dapat meningkatkan keterampilan dalam percobaan saponifikasi. Metode pembelajaran ini juga dapat diimplementasikan pada mata kuliah lain yang berkaitan.
On friendship, commemorating Dmytro Chyzhevsky's anniversary, and the life of the community
Authors: Davidenko Illia
Published: May 2024

Report on the commemoration of the 130th anniversary of Dmytro Chyzhevsky in Oleksandria on April 4, 2024 and the activity of the "Maysternya Chyzhevskyh" (Chizhevsky Workshop) project.
Людмилинська жіноча учительська семінарія як осередок духовності та культури
Authors: Бровко А. Г. , Давиденко Ю. М. , Кучменко Е. М.
Published: May 2024

У статті, на основі архівних матеріалів, автори висвітлюють діяльність Людмилинської жіночої учительської семінарії в перші роки свого існування. Дана семінарія була заснована у 1911 році на базі школи сільського господарства та домоведення з поступовим закриттям останньої. Зазначений освітній заклад готував майбутніх вчителів, тому мав відповідну навчальну програму та правила вступу до закладу. У статті розкрито особливості вступної кампанії до учительської семінарії, наведено перелік документів, необхідних для подачі до семінарії. Подано список учениць, які вступили у першому ж навчальному році до учительської семінарії. Зазначено, що навчальна програма семінарії передбачала як теоретичні так і практичні заняття, які проводились на базі ще існуючої школи сільського домоведення та присадибного господарства. Вихованки семінарії проходили факультативні заняття на яких їм демонстрували як правильно доглядати за домашньою худобою та птахами, садом, городом. Окрім навчання, велика увага у семінарії приділялась духовному та культурному розвитку вихованок. Учениці закладу залучались до відвідування церковних служб, під супроводом наставниці, де приймали участь у церковному читанні та співах. Для розвитку у вихованок громадянськості та почуття естетики при семінарії влаштовувались музично-літературні вечори з танцями, на яких учениці співали, танцювали, організовували гру на музичних інструментах, а також залучались до художнього мистецтва. Для учениць семінарії вчителями організовувались екскурсій до виданих історичних та культурних місць. Окрему увагу у семінарії звертали на дисципліну учениць, тому, протягом всього свого перебування у стінах семінарії та інтернаті, вихованки знаходились під постійним наглядом чергових наставниць та вчителів, які супроводжували їх повсюди.
TOWARD A GLOBAL CIVIL SOCIETY
Authors: Walzer Michael
Published: May 2024

The demise of Communism has not only affected Eastern Europe but also the countries of the West where a far-reaching examination of political and economic systems has begun. This collection of essays by internationally renowned scholars of political theory from Europe and the United States explores both the concept and the reality of civil society and its institutions.
FROM CRAFTSMEN TO CAPITALISTS
Authors: McKitrick Frederick L.
Published: May 2024

Politically adrift, alienated from Weimar society, and fearful of competition from industrial elites and the working class alike, the independent artisans of interwar Germany were a particularly receptive audience for National Socialist ideology. As Hitler consolidated power, they emerged as an important Nazi constituency, drawn by the party’s rejection of both capitalism and Bolshevism. Yet, in the years after 1945, the artisan class became one of the pillars of postwar stability, thoroughly integrated into German society. From Craftsmen to Capitalists gives the first account of this astonishing transformation, exploring how skilled tradesmen recast their historical traditions and forged alliances with former antagonists to help realize German democratization and recovery.
Responsabilidade social na administração pública do estado de Pernambuco: um estudo da Universidade de Pernambuco
Authors: Dos Santos Carlos Antonio , Gomes de Carvalho Alba Valéria , Almeida Ferreira Lima Mariana
Published: May 2024

Este artigo investiga a manifestação do pilar social do desenvolvimento sustentável nas práticas administrativas da Universidade de Pernambuco (UPE), uma instituição com significativa influência nas regiões em que está presente. Dada a relevância das instituições de ensino superior no tecido social e seu potencial para promover práticas inclusivas e justas, este estudo visa compreender como a UPE integra considerações sociais em suas operações, particularmente nas licitações públicas, alinhando-se aos objetivos de sustentabilidade social. Analisamos políticas, programas e iniciativas específicas, incluindo políticas de assistência estudantil e programas de capacitação de servidores, como indicadores do compromisso da UPE com a responsabilidade social. A metodologia adotada inclui análise documental e levantamento bibliográfico, com especial atenção ao Plano de Desenvolvimento Institucional (PDI) da UPE para os períodos de 2014-2018 e 2019-2023. Os resultados apontam para um alinhamento parcial com os princípios de sustentabilidade social, evidenciando lacunas entre as políticas anunciadas e suas implementações efetivas, além de uma necessidade de maior transparência e inclusão nos processos licitatórios. O estudo conclui pela importância de fortalecer as práticas sustentáveis na administração pública, com recomendações para a UPE avançar na integração do pilar social em suas estratégias de desenvolvimento sustentável.
THE ROLE OF HOSPITALITY TO IMPROVE THE PATIENT EXPERIENCE IN HOSPITAL : A SCOPING REVIEW
Authors: Vidian Monica , Sulistiadi Wahyu
Published: May 2024

Background: The hospitality industry has a strong focus on providing excellent customer service and creating positive experiences for guests. These same principles can be applied to the healthcare industry to improve the patient experience in hospitals. When patients are in the hospital, they may experience vulnerability, anxiety, and uncertainty about their health and treatment. Thus, providing a welcoming and comfortable environment can create a more positive and supportive environment for patients which may help ease their stress and improve their overall experience and contribute to better health outcomes.Research purposes: The purpose of this study was to analyze the role of hospitality to improve patient experience in hospital. Research methods: For the method, we use the methodological framework proposed by Arksey and O’Malley. After that, the scoping review is reported using the PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis) guideline method. An article search was carried out in April 2023, in several electronic databases, namely Pubmed, ScienceDirect, ProQuest with an article publication time span of 2018-2023. The search strategy included the following terms: “Hospitality, patient experience, hospital”. Research result: Based on the results of searches conducted in Pubmed, ScienceDirect, ProQuest, a total of 550 articles were obtained which then entered the elimination stage, resulting in 52 articles which were subsequently included in the results of this review, and after the screening 8 scientific articles were found that met the requirements. From the results of the analysis carried out on scientific articles that match the inclusion criteria, the results of critical role which improved patient safety are obtained. Conclusion: From the results of the analysis carried out, it was found that hospitality plays a critical role in improving patient safety. Creating a welcoming and comfortable environment for patients can help to reduce anxiety levels, improve communication, prevent HAIs, and improve patient satisfaction levels. Further studies are needed, especially the standardization of hospitality systems that are tailored to the needs of each health facility, especially hospitals and health centers in Indonesia.
EFEKTIFITAS PEMBERIAN AKUPRESUR DAN AROMATERAPI LAVENDER TERHADAP INSOMNIA PADA WANITA MENOPAUSE
Authors: Suciawati Anni , Suprihatin Suprihatin , Nesi Maria Antonia
Published: May 2024

Latar Belakang: Insomnia merupakan salah satu gejala yang muncul pada wanita menopause. Terapi nonfarmakologi yang dapat digunakan untuk mengatasi insomnia diantaranya akupresur dan aromaterapi lavender. Tujuan: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui perbandingan akupresur dan aromaterapi lavender dalam mengatasi insomnia pada wanita menopause di Puskesmas Oesapa Kupang NTT pada kelompok akupresur dan kelompok aromaterapi lavender. Metodologi: Penelitian quasi eksperiment ini menggunakan rancangan two group design pre and post test. Jumlah sampel penelitian yaitu 34 orang, 17 orang kelompok akupresur dan 17 orang kelompok aromaterapi lavender. Teknik pengambilan sampel menggunakan purposive sampling dengan total 34 sampel. Instrumen yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah kuesioner Insomnia Rating Scale KSPBJ-IRS (Kelompok Studi Psikiatri Biologi Jakarta).   Hasil: Penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa terdapat perbedaan antara akupresur dan aromaterapi untuk mengurangi insomnia pada wanita menopause yaitu dengan nilai rata-rata sejumlah 11,88 dengan akupresur dan nilai rata-rata sejumlah 12,06 dengan aromaterapi lavender. Kesimpulan dan Saran: Aromaterapi lavender lebih efektif dibandingkan dengan akupresur dalam mengatasi insomnia pada wanita menopause. Kedua terapi tersebut dapat dijadikan sebagai terapi alternatif untuk mengatasi insomnia pada wania menopause.
HUBUNGAN INTENSITAS PENGGUNAAN SMARTPHONE DENGAN KECENDERUNGAN NOMOPHOBIA PADA REMAJA
Authors: Musharyadi Feri , Febriyanti Febriyanti
Published: May 2024

Masa remaja adalah masa peralihan, ketika individu mulai tumbuh dan berkembang dari masa anak-anak menjadi individu yang memiliki kematangan. Pada masa ini remaja akan mengalami perubahan baik secara fisik, kognitif, sosial dan emosional. Masalah psikososial yang sering ditemui adalah nomophobia pada remaja. Penggunaan smartphone yang berlebihan pada remaja akan memberikan dampak negatif seperti ketakutan jika tidak memakai smartphone dan mengalami kesulitan ketika berinterkasi secara langsung yang disebut dengan nomophobia. Berdasarkan data pengguna smartphone di Indonesia menurut Asosiasi Penyelenggaraan Jasa Smartphone Indonesia (APJII) bahwa pada tahun 2019 terdapat 196,71 juta jiwa pengguna smartphone, dari jumlah tersebut diketahui bahwa mayoritas pengguna smartphone di Indonesia adalah remaja yang berusia 15-19 tahun dengan prevalensi 91%. Jika dilihat pengguna smartphone per wilayah Sumatera 16,2%, dan Sumatera Barat 2,5%. Berdasakan penelitian Young, 2011. diketahui sekitar 23% siswa merasa kehilangan konsentrasi dan menjadi stres apabila mereka jauh dari smartphone, 39,5% mengidap nomophobia dan 27% berada pada risiko mengalami nomophobia. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui hubungan Intensitas penggunaan Smartphone dengan kecenderungan Nomophobia Pada Remaja. Jenis Penelitian yang digunakan adalah deskriptif corelational  dengan pendekatan cross sectional, dengan teknik pengambilan sampel simple random sampling. Pengolahan data bivariat dengan Chi-Square. Hasil Penelitian didapatkan tidak ada hubungan intensitas pengguanaan smartphone terhadap kecendrungan nomophobia dengan nilai p value > 0.05 yaitu p = 0.618.
АНАЛІЗ СУЧАСНОГО СТАНУ КРУЇЗНОГО ТУРИЗМУ У СВІТІ: ДОСВІД ДЛЯ УКРАЇНИ
Authors: ПАНЬКІВ Наталія , ПЕЛЕШОК Аліна
Published: May 2024

У статті проаналізовано сучасний стан круїзного туризму у світі та окреслено можливості й перспективи розвитку круїзного туризму в Україні. Досліджено теоретико-методичні засади круїзного туризму, визначено поняття круїзного туризму, висвітлено історію розвитку круїзів у світі та Україні, зокрема. Детально розкрито питання видів круїзів, особливості технології організації круїзів у світі, визначено об’єкти та суб’єкти індустрії, а також описано умови для розвитку даного виду туризму. Визначено особливості організації круїзного туризму. Виділено тенденції та проблеми розвитку круїзного туризму під призмою світової та української туристичної індустрії.
Подано статистичну інформацію щодо типів, тривалості круїзів, загальної кількості круїзних туристів, а також додано дані щодо прибутків з круїзного напрямку туризму. Проаналізовано круїзні маршрути України, а також представлено SWOT-аналіз щодо перешкод для розвитку даного виду туризму в Україні. Проведено наліз діяльності круїзних компаній представлених на вітчизняному ринку, а саме компаній «Royal Caribbean International» та  «Inflotcruises». Досліджено вплив та наслідки пандемії COVID-19 на стан індустрії, проаналізовано охоплення ринку найбільшими круїзними компаніями, подано дані щодо випадків зараження COVID-19 на міжнародних круїзних суднах. Проаналізовано статистичні дані щодо зміни прибутку провідних світових компаній, що займаються круїзними послугами, а також досліджено зміну загальних зобов’язань цих підприємств. Проаналізовано перспективи розвитку круїзного туризму на світовому і українському ринках, зокрема, у поствоєний період на прикладі досвіду таких «морських» країн, як Хорватія, Кіпр, Єгипет та Ізраїль, які після війни стали популярними у туристів, а їх численні водні ресурси активно використовуються для розвитку морського та річкового круїзного туризму. Для популяризації круїзного туризму в Україні після нашої перемоги, розробилено одноденний круїзний туристичний продукт «Круїзна подорож могутнім Дніпром». Описано рекомендації щодо розвитку круїзного туризму в Україні у післявоєнний період. Проаналізовано прогнози розвитку світового круїзного туризму до 2030 року.
ФОРМУВАННЯ МЕХАНІЗМУ БЕЗПЕКООРІЄНТОВАНОГО УПРАВЛІННЯ ЗАКЛАДАМИ ОХОРОНИ ЗДОРОВ’Я
Authors: ГАРБУЗЮК Валерій
Published: May 2024

У статті актуалізовано питання необхідності дослідження нових економічних умов функціонування закладів охорони здоров’я. Авторами узагальнено особливості діяльності медичних установ як економічних агентів, зокрема, виокремлено відмінності традиційного розуміння «заклад охорони здоров’я» як певної комунальної (державної, відомчої) установи із певною «сукупністю соціальних функцій без орієнтації на результат» від нової «пацієнторієнтованої» економіко-організаційної моделі закладів охорони здоров’я, побудованої на принципах орієнтованості на пацієнта, безпеці, ефективності, доступності, якості та безоплатності. В досліджені систематизовано елементи сучасної економіко-організаційної моделі функціонування закладів охорони, фактори негативного впливу на безпекостійкість економічної системи закладів охорони здоров’я, а також структурно-логічну модель механізму безпекоорієнтованого управління закладами охорони здоров’я на основі використання пацієнтоорієнтованого підходу.
Фактори несприятливого перебігу в пацієнтів з тромбоемболією легеневої артерії невисокого ризику
Authors: Tseluyko V. I. , Askerov R. N.
Published: May 2024

The aim – to determine the factors which have influence on hospital mortality in patients with non-high risk pulmonary embolism (PE).Materials and methods. We analysed 635 medical cards of patients (pts) with diagnosis «Pulmonary Embolism (PE)» who were hospitalised to Kharkiv City Clinical Hospital No.8. during 01.01.2017 – 01.01.2023. The inclusion criteria was diagnosis «PE» verified by multispiral computed tomography angiography (CTPA) of pulmonary arteries and/or by autopsy. Among the 635 pts, 530 were non-high risk. The non-high risk pts were divided into 2 groups: Group I – pts who were discharged with improved status (479 – 90.4 %), Group II – pts who died during hospitalisation (51 – 9.6 %). Clinical, anamnestic, biochemical, instrumental parameters, mortality rates were measured; statistical analysis was done.Results and discussion. The independent factors identified by multivariate vector analysis were associated with in-hospital mortality in pts with non-high risk PE: atrial fibrillation (AF), obesity, history of venous thromboembolism (VTE); lower levels of blood oxygen saturation (SpO2), systolic blood pressure (SBP); higher mean pulmonary arterial pressure (PAP); heart rate (HR) ≥ 110 beats/min. An ROC analysis was also performed to determine the thresholds of factors associated with in-hospital mortality in patients with non-high risk PE: SBP ≤ 124 mm Hg, HR ≥ 110 bts/min, mean PAP ≥ 54 mm Hg. Impact of AF on in-hospital mortality was depicted by Kaplan – Meier.Conclusions. Several factors were associated with increased in-hospital mortality in patients with non-high risk PE: age ˃ 54 years, SBP ≤ 124 mm Hg, history of VTE, obesity, AF; SpO2 ≤ 87 %, mean PAP ≥ 54 mm Hg, HR ≥ 110 bpm.
Optimalisasi Pembelajaran Melalui Pendekatan, Strategi, Metode, Dan Teknik Pembelajaran
Authors: Hasibuan Nisa Hafzhiyah , Sibuea Parulian , Rambe Nursamsia , Ningsih Dwi Setia , Utami Widya
Published: May 2024

Pembelajaran yang dilaksanakan guru/pendidik di dalam kelas akan dapat terlaksana dengan efektif dan efisien apabila semua komponen pembelajaran berjalan sesuai dengan tujuan yang ingin dicapai. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui sejauh mana optimalisasi pembelajaran melalui pendekatan, strategi, metode dan teknik pembelajaran digunakan di dalam kelas. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif dengan jenis penelitan kepustakaan (library research) yaitu serangkaian kegiatan yang berkenaan dengan metode pengumpulan data pustaka. Pendekatan dapat diartikan sebagai titik tolak atau sudut pandang kita terhadap proses pembelajaran. Metode pembelajaran adalah langkah–langkah dan cara sistematis dalam menyampaikan materi kepada siswa yang digunakan guru dan disajikan khas oleh guru untuk mencapai tujuan pembelajaran. Teknik pembelajaran adalah suatu pengetahuan tentang cara-cara mengajar yang dipergunakan oleh guru atau instruktur. Dalam memilih dan melaksanakan strategi pembelajaran tersebut, seorang pendidik perlu memperhatikan ciri khas dari setiap materi pelajarannya.
Urgensi Bimbingan Konseling Untuk Anak Berkebutuhan Khusus (Tunagrahita) Di Sekolah Inklusi
Authors: Aini Nur , Anwar Syuhaila , Amalia Sinta , Dongoran Rosita
Published: May 2024

Semua siswa, termasuk siswa dengan kebutuhan khusus (ABK), diharapkan untuk memperoleh keterampilan dasar kehidupan melalui layanan dasar bimbingan dan konseling.  Arahan dan bantuan bimbingan penting ini dimulai ketika siswa dengan persyaratan luar biasa pertama kali masuk sekolah. Materi disesuaikan dengan usia dan fase pembentukan siswa ABK. Anak-anak dengan kebutuhan yang berbeda sering kali menghadapi kesulitan dan kesulitan karena kondisi mereka yang luar biasa, khususnya hambatan dalam melakukan aktivitas sehari-hari dan keterbatasan aktivitas dalam lingkungan mereka saat ini. Salah satu cara untuk membantu ABK dalam menghadapi kesulitannya adalah dengan memberikan arahan dan bimbingan administrasi di sekolah. Latihan komprehensif merupakan upaya memberikan pendidikan kepada ABK secara mendasar dan penuh empati. Dalam pendidikan komprehensif, pendidikan dan bimbingan bagi ABK disesuaikan dengan kebutuhan khusus masing-masing anak dalam hal keadilan keteladanan. Pemeriksaan ini bersifat grafis, digunakan untuk menggambarkan permasalahan yang sedang terjadi saat ini, dan bermaksud menggambarkan segala sesuatu yang telah terjadi sebagaimana mestinya.
Perbedaan Prestasi Belajar Matematika Siswa Antara Yang Mendapatkan Model Pembelajaran Kooperatif Tipe Jigsaw Dan Kontekstual
Authors: Lestari Nursuci , Madio Sukanto Sukandar
Published: May 2024

Quasi-experimental research designs the static group pretest- posttest design was aimed to know the differences of students' achievement in learn mathematic between students who get cooperative learning in Jigsaw and Contextual types. The technique of collecting data uses subjective tests from description, this instrument is clarified have complied the validity, reliability, and level of difficulty distinguishing power. Data analysis is Mann-Whitney test. The result can be summed up that there are the significance differences in initial ability between students who get cooperative learning in Jigsaw dan Contextual types. As any rate, in data analysis of students' affective base on questionnaire, which is given, most of these responses are positive. This is because, the average of neutral affective is most little than students affective.
Penelitian kuasi eksperimen dengan desain kelompok the static group pretest-posttest design ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui perbedaan prestasi belajar matematika siswa antara yang mendapatkan model pembelajaran kooperatif tipe Jigsaw dan Kontekstual. Instrumen yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini yaitu tes tulis berbentuk uraian, instrumen tersebut dinyatakan telah memenuhi syarat validitas, reliabilitas, daya pembeda dan tingkat kesukaran. Analisis data dilakukan dengan uji Mann-Whitney. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukan bahwa terdapat perbedaan kemampuan awal yang signifikan antara siswa yang mendapatkan pembelajaran kooperatif tipe Jigsaw dengan siswa yang mendapatkan pembelajaran Kontekstual. Pada analisis data sikap siswa yaitu berdasarkan angket yang diberikan, responnya sebagian besar bernilai positif. Ini terlihat dari rata-rata sikap netral lebih kecil daripada sikap siswa, sehingga dapat disimpulkan bahwa sikap siswa terhadap model pembelajaran kooperatif tipe Jigsaw maupun model pembelajaran Kontekstual mempunyai respon positif.
Blue Screen – Blue Mood? Influence of background color and attractiveness of female stimulus persons on current mood in an online experiment (PANAS)
Authors: Henss Ronald
Published: May 2024

In an online experiment, more than 6,000 volunteers rated women’s faces according to their likeability The women were either extraordinarily attractive or of medium to low attractiveness. The background of the website was either Black, Blue, Green, Gray, Red or Yellow. Following the likeability assessments, the participants were asked to assess their own current mood using the PANAS (Positive and Negative Affect Schedule). The study was conducted in a German-language and an English-language version. An exploratory factor analysis with Oblimin rotation shows perfect orthogonality for the Positive Affects and Negative Affects (r =.01) and a reliability analysis shows excellent reliability for both scales (Positive Affects: Cronbach’s α =.87, McDonald’s ω =.88; Negative Affects: α =.88, ω =.89). In the case of Negative Affects, the scores show an extreme concentration at the lower end of the scale. The attractiveness of the stimulus persons has a significant but weak effect on Negative Affects (Cohen’s d = 0.06). The background color of the website shows an effect on Positive Affects, but not on Negative Affects. The clear favorite is Green (for Green/Blue d = 0.15). The participants in the English-language version score higher on Negative Affects (d = 0.25). On Positive Affects, males score higher than women (d = 0.07). The older subjects score better on both scales than the younger ones (for age group comparisons, d values up to 0.46). Screen color has no notable effect on the assessment of likeability of the women’s faces.
Thinking and Acting "Within the Box" and Thinking and Acting "Outside the Box": "Deliberative Democracy" and the Model of Scientific Brainstorming Groups
Authors: Bazac Ana
Published: May 2024

The paper confronts the model of the scientific group researching aspects of a common topic and the, obviously ideal, model of democracy. If science is an emblem of human knowing, including the best way of a common endeavour, both the institution of science and the coagulated groups of researchers were considered in the dominant ideology of the last century as opposed to democracy. However, even though democracy involves all kinds of non-specialised groups of population, it is superior to the highly specialised groups of scientists just from an epistemological standpoint. And the ultimate reason-to-be of knowledge is the good of every and all human beings, thus of mankind, isn’t it?