bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Weakly Supervised Sensitive Heatmap framework to classify and localize diabetic retinopathy lesions
Authors: Al-Mukhtar Mohammed , Morad Ameer Hussein , Albadri Mustafa , Islam MD Samiul
Published: December 2021

Vision loss happens due to diabetic retinopathy (DR) in severe stages. Thus, an automatic detection method applied to diagnose DR in an earlier phase may help medical doctors to make better decisions. DR is considered one of the main risks, leading to blindness. Computer-Aided Diagnosis systems play an essential role in detecting features in fundus images. Fundus images may include blood vessels, exudates, micro-aneurysm, hemorrhages, and neovascularization. In this paper, our model combines automatic detection for the diabetic retinopathy classification with localization methods depending on weakly-supervised learning. The model has four stages; in stage one, various preprocessing techniques are applied to smooth the data set. In stage two, the network had gotten deeply to the optic disk segment for eliminating any exudate's false prediction because the exudates had the same color pixel as the optic disk. In stage three, the network is fed through training data to classify each label. Finally, the layers of the convolution neural network are re-edited, and used to localize the impact of DR on the patient's eye. The framework tackles the matching technique between two essential concepts where the classification problem depends on the supervised learning method. While the localization problem was obtained by the weakly supervised method. An additional layer known as weakly supervised sensitive heat map (WSSH) was added to detect the ROI of the lesion at a test accuracy of 98.65%, while comparing with Class Activation Map that involved weakly supervised technology achieved 0.954. The main purpose is to learn a representation that collect the central localization of discriminative features in a retina image. CNN-WSSH model is able to highlight decisive features in a single forward pass for getting the best detection of lesions.
Effects of tumor necrosis factor-α inhibition on kidney fibrosis and inflammation in a mouse model of aristolochic acid nephropathy
Authors: Taguchi Shinya , Azushima Kengo , Yamaji Takahiro , Urate Shingo , Suzuki Toru , Abe Eriko , Tanaka Shohei , Tsukamoto Shunichiro , Kamimura Daisuke , Kinguchi Sho , Yamashita Akio , Wakui Hiromichi , Tamura Kouichi
Published: December 2021

Tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α is a potent mediator of inflammation and is involved in the pathophysiology of chronic kidney disease (CKD). However, the effects of TNF-α inhibition on the progression of kidney fibrosis have not been fully elucidated. We examined the effects of TNF-α inhibition by etanercept (ETN) on kidney inflammation and fibrosis in mice with aristolochic acid (AA) nephropathy as a model of kidney fibrosis. C57BL/6 J mice were administered AA for 4 weeks, followed by a 4-week remodeling period. The mice exhibited kidney fibrosis, functional decline, and albuminuria concomitant with increases in renal mRNA expression of inflammation- and fibrosis-related genes. The 8-week ETN treatment partially but significantly attenuated kidney fibrosis and ameliorated albuminuria without affecting kidney function. These findings were accompanied by significant suppression of interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, and collagen types I and III mRNA expression. Moreover, ETN tended to reduce the AA-induced increase in interstitial TUNEL-positive cells with a significant reduction in Bax mRNA expression. Renal phosphorylated p38 MAPK was significantly upregulated by AA but was normalized by ETN. These findings indicate a substantial role for the TNF-α pathway in the pathogenesis of kidney fibrosis and suggest that TNF-α inhibition could become an adjunct therapeutic strategy for CKD with fibrosis.
Orangutan mothers adjust their behaviour during food solicitations in a way that likely facilitates feeding skill acquisition in their offspring
Authors: Mikeliban Mulati , Kunz Belinda , Rahmaeti Tri , Uomini Natalie , Schuppli Caroline
Published: December 2021

Immature orangutans acquire their feeding skills over several years, via social and independent learning. So far, it has remained uninvestigated to what extent orangutan mothers are actively involved in this learning process. From a fitness point of view, it may be adaptive for mothers to facilitate their offspring’s skill acquisition to make them reach nutritional independence faster. Food solicitations are potential means to social learning which, because of their interactive nature, allow to investigate the degree of active involvement of the mother. To investigate the role of food solicitation and the role of the mother in immatures’ foraging skill acquisition, we analysed 1390 food solicitation events between 21 immature Sumatran orangutans (Pongo abelii) and their mothers, collected over 13 years at the Suaq Balimbing orangutan population. We found that solicitation rates decreased with increasing age of the immatures and increased with increasing processing complexity of the food item. Mothers were more likely to share complex items and showed the highest likelihoods of sharing around the age at which immatures are learning most of their feeding skills. Our results indicate that immature Sumatran orangutans use food solicitation to acquire feeding skills. Furthermore, mothers flexibly adjust their behaviour in a way that likely facilitates their offspring’s skill acquisition. We conclude that orangutan mothers have a more active role in the skill acquisition of their offspring than previously thought.
Very long term outcome after linear versus electrogram guided ablation for persistent atrial fibrillation
Authors: Yamashita Seigo , Tokuda Michifumi , Mahida Saagar , Sato Hidenori , Ikewaki Hirotsugu , Oseto Hirotsuna , Yokoyama Masaaki , Isogai Ryota , Tokutake Kenichi , Yokoyama Kenichi , Narui Ryohsuke , Kato Mika , Tanigawa Shin-ichi , Sugimoto Ken-ichi , Yoshimura Michihiro , Yamane Teiichi
Published: December 2021

The optimal ablation strategy for persistent atrial fibrillation (PsAF) remains to be defined. We sought to compare very long-term outcomes between linear ablation and electrogram (EGM)-guided ablation for PsAF. In a retrospective analysis, long-term arrhythmia-free survival compared between two propensity-score matched cohorts, one with pulmonary vein isolation (PVI) and linear ablation including roof/mitral isthmus line (LINE-group, n = 52) and one with PVI and EGM-guided ablation (EGM-group; n = 52). Overall, 99% of patients underwent successful PVI. Complete block following linear ablation was achieved for 94% of roof lines and 81% of mitral lines (both lines blocked in 75%). AF termination by EGM-guided ablation was accomplished in 40% of patients. Non-PV foci were targeted in 7 (13%) in the LINE-group and 5 (10%) patients in the EGM-group (p = 0.76). During 100 ± 28 months of follow-up, linear ablation was associated with superior arrhythmia-free survival after the initial and last procedure (1.8 ± 0.9 procedures) compared with EGM-group (Logrank test: p = 0.0001 and p = 0.045, respectively). In multivariable analysis, longer AF duration and EGM-guided ablation remained as independent predictors of atrial arrhythmia recurrence. Linear ablation might be a more effective complementary technique to PVI than EGM-guided ablation for PsAF ablation.
Magnetic field amplification driven by the gyro motion of charged particles
Authors: Gu Yan-Jun , Murakami Masakatsu
Published: December 2021

Spontaneous magnetic field generation plays important role in laser-plasma interactions. Strong quasi-static magnetic fields affect the thermal conductivity and the plasma dynamics, particularly in the case of ultra intense laser where the magnetic part of Lorentz force becomes as significant as the electric part. Kinetic simulations of giga-gauss magnetic field amplification via a laser irradiated microtube structure reveal the dynamics of charged particle implosions and the mechanism of magnetic field growth. A giga-gauss magnetic field is generated and amplified with the opposite polarity to the seed magnetic field. The spot size of the field is comparable to the laser wavelength, and the lifetime is hundreds of femtoseconds. An analytical model is presented to explain the underlying physics. This study should aid in designing future experiments.
Machine learning to estimate the local quality of protein crystal structures
Authors: Miyaguchi Ikuko , Sato Miwa , Kashima Akiko , Nakagawa Hiroyuki , Kokabu Yuichi , Ma Biao , Matsumoto Shigeyuki , Tokuhisa Atsushi , Ohta Masateru , Ikeguchi Mitsunori
Published: December 2021

Low-resolution electron density maps can pose a major obstacle in the determination and use of protein structures. Herein, we describe a novel method, called quality assessment based on an electron density map (QAEmap), which evaluates local protein structures determined by X-ray crystallography and could be applied to correct structural errors using low-resolution maps. QAEmap uses a three-dimensional deep convolutional neural network with electron density maps and their corresponding coordinates as input and predicts the correlation between the local structure and putative high-resolution experimental electron density map. This correlation could be used as a metric to modify the structure. Further, we propose that this method may be applied to evaluate ligand binding, which can be difficult to determine at low resolution.
Investigation of halloysite nanotubes and Schiff base combination with deposited copper iodide nanoparticles as a novel heterogeneous catalytic system
Authors: Daraie Mansoureh , Bagheri Donya , Malmir Masoume , Heravi Majid M.
Published: December 2021

The design, preparation and characterization of a novel composite based on functionalization of halloysite nanoclay with Schiff base followed by immobilization of copper iodide as nanoparticles is revealed. This novel nano composite was fully characterized by utilization of FTIR, SEM/EDX, TGA, XRD and BET techniques. This Cu(I) NPs immobilized onto halloysite was successfully examined as a heterogeneous, thus easily recoverable and reusable catalyst in one of classist organic name reaction so-called “Click Reaction”. That comprised a three component reaction of phenylacetylene, α-haloketone or alkyl halide and sodium azide in aqueous media to furnish 1,2,3‐triazoles in short reaction time and high yields. Remarkably, the examination of the reusability of the catalyst confirmed that the catalyst could be reused at least six reaction runs without appreciable loss of its catalytic activity.
Oxidative stress and soluble receptor for advanced glycation end-products play a role in the pathophysiology of delirium after cardiac surgery
Authors: Kaźmierski Jakub , Miler Piotr , Pawlak Agnieszka , Jerczyńska Hanna , Woźniak Joanna , Frankowska Emilia , Brzezińska Agnieszka , Nowakowska Karina , Woźniak Katarzyna , Krejca Michał , Wilczyński Mirosław
Published: December 2021

Coronary-artery bypass graft (CABG) surgery is known to improve cardiac function and decrease mortality, albeit, this method of treatment is also associated with a neuropsychiatric complications including postoperative delirium. The pathophysiology of delirium after cardiac surgery remains poorly understood. Thus, the purpose of this study was to investigate whether oxidative stress reflected by decreased preoperative and postoperative plasma antioxidant activity is independently associated with delirium after cardiac surgery. The second aim was to assess whether decreased antioxidant activity is stress-related or mediated by other pathologies such as major depressive disorder (MDD), anxiety disorders, and cognitive impairment. Furthermore, the putative relationship between pre- and postoperative soluble receptor for advanced glycation end-products (sRAGE) overexpression and plasma antioxidant capacity was evaluated. The patients cognitive status was assessed 1 day preoperatively with the use of the Mini-Mental State Examination Test and the Clock Drawing Test. A diagnosis of MDD and anxiety disorders was established on the basis of DSM-5 criteria. Blood samples for antioxidant capacity and sRAGE levels were collected both preoperatively and postoperatively. The Confusion Assessment Method for the Intensive Care Unit was used within the first 5 days postoperatively to screen for a diagnosis of delirium. Postoperative delirium was diagnosed in 34% (61 of 177) of individuals. Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that low baseline antioxidant capacity was independently associated with postoperative delirium development. Moreover, increased risk of delirium was observed among patients with a preoperative diagnosis of MDD associated with antioxidant capacity decreased postoperatively. According to receiver operating characteristic analysis, the most optimal cutoff values of the preoperative and postoperative antioxidant capacity that predict the development of delirium were 1.72 mM and 1.89 mM, respectively. Pre- and postoperative antioxidant capacity levels were negatively correlated with postoperative sRAGE concentration (Spearman's Rank Correlation − 0.198 and − 0.158, p < 0.05, respectively). Patients with decreased preoperative antioxidant activity and those with depressive episodes complicated with lower postoperative antioxidant activity are at significantly higher risk of delirium after cardiac surgery development. sRAGE overexpression may be considered as protective mechanism against increased oxidative stress and subsequent cell damage.
Preclinical evaluation of noncontact vital signs monitoring using real-time IR-UWB radar and factors affecting its accuracy
Authors: Park Jun-Young , Lee Yonggu , Heo Ran , Park Hyun-Kyung , Cho Seok-Hyun , Cho Sung Ho , Lim Young-Hyo
Published: December 2021

Recently, noncontact vital sign monitors have attracted attention because of issues related to the transmission of contagious diseases. We developed a real-time vital sign monitor using impulse-radio ultrawideband (IR-UWB) radar with embedded processors and software; we then evaluated its accuracy in measuring heart rate (HR) and respiratory rate (RR) and investigated the factors affecting the accuracy of the radar-based measurements. In 50 patients visiting a cardiology clinic, HR and RR were measured using IR-UWB radar simultaneously with electrocardiography and capnometry. All patients underwent HR and RR measurements in 2 postures—supine and sitting—for 2 min each. There was a high agreement between the RR measured using radar and capnometry (concordance correlation coefficient [CCC] 0.925 [0.919–0.926]; upper and lower limits of agreement [LOA], − 2.21 and 3.90 breaths/min). The HR measured using radar was also in close agreement with the value measured using electrocardiography (CCC 0.749 [0.738–0.760]; upper and lower LOA, − 12.78 and 15.04 beats/min). Linear mixed effect models showed that the sitting position and an HR < 70 bpm were associated with an increase in the absolute biases of the HR, whereas the sitting position and an RR < 18 breaths/min were associated with an increase in the absolute biases of the RR. The IR-UWB radar sensor with embedded processors and software can measure the RR and HR in real time with high precision. The sitting position and a low RR or HR were associated with the accuracy of RR and HR measurement, respectively, using IR-UWB radar.
Fruiting character variability in wild individuals of Malania oleifera, a highly valued endemic species
Authors: Wang Si-Hai , Chen Jian , Yang Wei , Hua Mei , Ma Yong-Peng
Published: December 2021

Malania oleifera (Olacaceae), a tree species endemic to Southwest China, has seed oils enriched with nervonic acid and is therefore good source of this chemical. Because of this, there are promising industrial perspective in the artificial cultivation and use of this species. Understanding the variability in the fruit characters among individuals forms the basis or resource prospection. In the current investigation, fifty-three mature fruiting trees were sampled from two locations with divergent climates (Guangnan and Funing). Morphological characterization of fruits (fruit and stone weight, fruit transverse and longitudinal diameter, stone transverse and longitudinal diameter) was conducted, and the concentration of seed oil and its fatty acid composition were also analyzed in all individuals. Differences in all the morphological characters studied were more significant among individual trees than between different geographic localities, even though these had different climates. Eleven fatty acids were identified contributing between 91.39 and 96.34% of the lipids, and the major components were nervonic acid (38.93–47.24%), octadecenoic acid (26.79–32.08%), docosenoic acid (10.94–17.24%). The seed oil content (proportion of oil in seed kernel) and the proportion of nervonic acid were both higher in Funing, which has a higher average climatic temperature than Guangnan. The concentrations of nervonic acid and octadecenoic acid with the low coefficients of variation in the seed oil of M. oleifera were relatively stable in contrast to the other fatty acids. There were significant positive correlations between fruit morphological characters, but the amount of seed oil and the concentrations of its components were not correlated with any morphological character. This study provides an understanding of morphological variation in wild M. oleifera individuals. Wild individuals with excellent fruit traits could be selected and would make promising candidates for commercial cultivation.
Two or four injections of platelet-rich plasma for osteoarthritic knee did not change synovial biomarkers but similarly improved clinical outcomes
Authors: Ngarmukos Srihatach , Tanavalee Chotetawan , Amarase Chavarin , Phakham Suphattra , Mingsiritham Warayapa , Reantragoon Rangsima , Leearamwat Nitigorn , Kongkaew Thidarat , Tharakhet Kittipan , Honsawek Sittisak , Dechsupa Sinsuda , Tanavalee Aree
Published: December 2021

We compared two and four intra-articular injections of platelet-rich plasma (PRP) in terms of changes of synovial cytokines and clinical outcomes. One hundred twenty-five patients having knee osteoarthritis (OA) underwent PRP injections at a 6-week interval. Before each PRP injection, synovial fluid aspiration was collected for investigation. Patients were divided into two or four intra-articular PRP injections (group A and B, respectively). Changes in synovial biomarkers were compared with the baseline levels of both groups, and clinical outcomes were evaluated until one year. Ninety-four patients who had completed synovial fluid collection were included for final evaluation, 51 in group A and 43 in group B. There were no differences in mean age, gender, body mass index (BMI), and radiographic OA grading. The average platelet count and white blood cell count in PRP were 430,000/µL and 200/ µL, respectively. There were no changes of synovial inflammatory cytokines (IL-1β, IL-6, IA-17A, and TNF-alpha), anti-inflammatory cytokines (IL-4, IL-10, IL-13, and IL-1RA), and growth factors (TGF-B1, VEGF, PDGF-AA, and PDGF-BB) between baseline levels and six weeks in group A, and 18 weeks in group B. Both groups had significantly improved clinical outcomes from six weeks including visual analog scale (VAS), patient-reported outcome measures [PROMs; Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis (WOMAC) Index and Short Form-12 (SF-12)], with a significant delayed improvement of performance-based measures [PBMs; time up and go (TUG), 5-time sit to stand test (5 × SST), and 3-min walk test (3-min WT)]. In conclusion, two- or four-PRP intra-articular injection at a 6-week interval for knee OA demonstrated no changes of synovial cytokines and growth factors but similarly improved clinical outcomes from 6 weeks until 1 year.
Effect of reward on electrophysiological signatures of grid cell population activity in human spatial navigation
Authors: Wang Wenjing , Wang Wenxu
Published: December 2021

The regular equilateral triangular periodic firing pattern of grid cells in the entorhinal cortex is considered a regular metric for the spatial world, and the grid-like representation correlates with hexadirectional modulation of theta (4–8 Hz) power in the entorhinal cortex relative to the moving direction. However, researchers have not clearly determined whether grid cells provide only simple spatial measures in human behavior-related navigation strategies or include other factors such as goal rewards to encode information in multiple patterns. By analysing the hexadirectional modulation of EEG signals in the theta band in the entorhinal cortex of patients with epilepsy performing spatial target navigation tasks, we found that this modulation presents a grid pattern that carries target-related reward information. This grid-like representation is influenced by explicit goals and is related to the local characteristics of the environment. This study provides evidence that human grid cell population activity is influenced by reward information at the level of neural oscillations.
Response analysis of orthotropic steel deck pavement based on interlayer contact bonding condition
Authors: Wang Xuntao , Zhang Changhao , Sun Ruijuan
Published: December 2021

In this research the interlayer contact condition was considered between the adjacent layers of orthotropic steel deck pavement, and an interface contact bonding model was applied to simulate the interlayer bonding condition and evaluate the response of deck pavement under vehicle loads. An advantage of this model is that it can simulate not only the full-bond condition but also the debonding condition at somewhere between adjacent layers. The responses of the orthotropic steel deck pavement were calculated and analyzed by the model, and it found that this model is reasonable and credible to evaluate the responses of the deck pavement comparing with the previous researches. The full-bond condition was an ideal condition between adjacent layers, which was prone to underestimate the responses and deformation of the deck pavement. Moreover, the position and size of the disengaging area have a notable influence on the tensile strain at the top of SMA layer and the bottom of GA layer, and the tensile strain of them also increase with the increase of the disengaging area. Finally, the responses of the steel deck pavement changed obviously when the vehicle speed increase, so the suitable speed limit may reduce the responses and deformation for prolonging the service life of the orthotropic steel deck pavement.
The increased prevalence of keloids in atopic dermatitis patients with allergic comorbidities: a nationwide retrospective cohort study
Authors: Kwon Hyo-Eun , Ahn Hye-Jin , Jeong Su Jin , Shin Min Kyung
Published: December 2021

Atopic dermatitis (AD) is associated with allergic comorbidities, such as asthma, allergic rhinitis (AR), and allergic contact dermatitis (ACD). The etiology of keloid is largely unknown; however, AD and keloid share inflammatory pathways characterized by T-helper cell 2 cytokines and increased dermal fibroblast activity. The prevalence of keloids has been reported to increase in patients with AD, but it remains controversial. This study aimed to estimate the prevalence of keloids in patients with AD, and compare it with the prevalence of other comorbidities of AD. We assessed the Korean National Health Information Database and medical records including coexisting asthma, AR, and ACD. Single and multiple logistic regression models were created for keloids and each allergic disease. The prevalence of keloids was higher in the AD group than in the control group. Among patients with AD, adolescents and adults had a higher prevalence of keloids than infants and children. The risk of keloids was high with AD alone, and coexisting asthma significantly increased the risk. Similarly, the risk of keloids was higher in AR associated with AD and ACD associated with AD than in AD alone. Thus, among Koreans, patients with AD have a higher risk of keloid development, with coexisting allergic diseases increasing the risk.
The effect of renin–angiotensin–aldosterone system inhibitors on organ-specific ace2 expression in zebrafish and its implications for COVID-19
Authors: Kim Gha-hyun J. , Melgoza Adam , Jiang Fei , Guo Su
Published: December 2021

Among cases of SARS-CoV-2 infections that result in serious conditions or death, many have pre-existing conditions such as hypertension and are on renin–angiotensin–aldosterone system (RAAS) inhibitors. The angiotensin-converting-enzyme-2 (ACE2), a key protein of the RAAS pathway, also mediates cellular entry of SARS-CoV-2. RAAS inhibitors might affect the expression levels of ace2, which could impact patient susceptibility to SARS-CoV-2. However, multi-organ-specific information is currently lacking and no species other than rodents have been examined. To address this knowledge gap, we treated adult zebrafish with the RAAS inhibitors aliskiren, olmesartan, and captopril for 7 consecutive days and performed qRT-PCR analysis of major RAAS pathway genes in the brain, gill, heart, intestine, kidney, and liver. Both olmesartan and captopril significantly increased ace2 expression in the heart, gill, and kidney. Olmesartan also increased ace2 expression in the intestine. Conversely, aliskiren significantly decreased ace2 expression in the heart. Discontinuation of compound treatments for 7 days did not return ace2 expression to baseline levels. While potential risks or benefits of antihypertensive RAAS inhibitors to SARS-CoV-2 infections in humans remain uncertain, this study provides new insights regarding the impact of RAAS inhibitors on organ-specific ace2 expression in another vertebrate model, thereby providing comparative data and laying scientific groundwork for future clinical decisions of RAAS inhibitor use in the context of COVID-19.
Inorganic Nanomaterials in Vaccines
Authors: Zhang Ling-xiao , Xu Zhi Ping
Published: December 2021

Inorganic nanomaterials, such as two-dimensional layered double hydroxides, three-dimensional mesoporous silicas, or calcium carbonate or phosphates, have been widely examined as carriers and delivery vehicles for biomedical agents, particularly as delivery-type vaccine adjuvants. Their high binding affinity with biomolecules, such as proteins, peptides, and nucleic acids, enables them to simultaneously load both antigens and immunomodulatory molecules, resulting in broad-spectrum immune responses. Inorganic materials also have inherent immunomodulatory properties in a number of cases. In the last decade or so, numerous investigations have shown that the chemical composition (i.e. ions, surface ligands) and physical properties (size, shape, crystal form, surface charge, and dispersity) of an inorganic material may influence the immune response to it and result in varied in vivo vaccination efficiency. Through optimising these factors, potent vaccines have been formulated against diseases such as pathogenetic bacteria and malignant cancers. This chapter will comprehensively summarise the advances in applying inorganic nanoparticles in vaccines.
Additive-free selective methylation of secondary amines with formic acid over a Pd/In2O3 catalyst
Authors: Genre Caroline , Benaissa Idir , Godou Timothé , Pinault Mathieu , Cantat Thibault
Published: December 2021

Formic acid is the sole carbon and hydrogen source in the additive-free catalytic methylation of amines.
Enhanced scavenging of a minor component from mixtures of two immiscible liquids by hollow polymer microgels
Authors: Anakhov Mikhail V. , Gumerov Rustam A. , Potemkin Igor I.
Published: December 2021

Hollow soft nanoparticles possess both the high absorption capacity and the ability to change their shape.
Direct solar to hydrogen conversion enabled by silicon photocathodes with carrier selective passivated contacts
Authors: Sharma Astha , Duong The , Liu Peng , Soo Joshua Zheyan , Yan Di , Zhang Doudou , Riaz Asim , Samundsett Christian , Shen Heping , Yang Cheng , Karuturi Siva Krishna , Catchpole Kylie , Beck Fiona J.
Published: December 2021

Si photocathode with industrially relevant charge selective passivation and physically deposited earth-abundant catalyst is developed with an efficiency above 10%. Solar-to-hydrogen efficiency of 17% is achieved by combining perovskite PV in tandem.
Recent advances in materials for and applications of triplet–triplet annihilation-based upconversion
Authors: Seo Sung Eun , Choe Hyun-Seok , Cho Haein , Kim Hyoung-il , Kim Jae-Hyuk , Kwon Oh Seok
Published: December 2021

We provide a review of the progress in materials and applications of TTA-UC: biological, environmental/energy, OLED, and other applications. Moreover, an excellent demonstration of TTA-UC based technologies are presented in each chapter.
Luminescent magnets: hybrid supraparticles of a lanthanide-based MOF and ferromagnetic iron oxide by assembly in a droplet via spray-drying
Authors: Pujales-Paradela Rosa , Granath Tim , Seuffert Marcel T. , Kasper Thomas , Müller-Buschbaum Klaus , Mandel Karl
Published: December 2021

Herein, we report on the successful creation of a luminescent micron-sized magnet.
A solid solution-based millimeter-wave absorber exhibiting highly efficient absorbing capability and ultrabroad bandwidth simultaneously via a multi-elemental co-doping strategy
Authors: Xiao Bin , Liu Chuyang , Pan Desheng , Hu Renchao , Sun Tao , Xu Xinwei , Wang Hong
Published: December 2021

A multi-elemental co-doped solid solution, i.e. BaZr0.2Ti0.2Ni0.2W0.2Fe11.2O19, was developed, featuring an optimal reflection loss of −61.8 dB and a −20 dB bandwidth of 9.15 GHz at a matching thickness of 0.97 mm in the frequency range of 18–40 GHz.
Construction of a flexible 1D core–shell Al2O3@NaNbO3 nanowire/poly(p-phenylene benzobisoxazole) nanocomposite with stable and enhanced dielectric properties in an ultra-wide temperature range
Authors: Li Jinpeng , Jiang Junhao , Cheng Qilin , Cui Zhongkai , Liu Xiaoyun , Zuo Peiyuan , Zhuang Qixin
Published: December 2021

Al2O3@NaNbO3–PBO exhibits superior dielectric performance and has excellent dielectric stability from 25 to 250 °C.
RYR2 mutation in non‐small cell lung cancer prolongs survival via down‐regulation of DKK1 and up‐regulation of GS1‐115G20.1: A weighted gene Co‐expression network analysis and risk prognostic models
Authors: Ren Wenjun , Li Yongwu , Chen Xi , Hu Sheng , Cheng Wanli , Cao Yu , Gao Jingcheng , Chen Xia , Xiong Da , Li Hongrong , Wang Ping
Published: December 2021

RYR2 mutation is clinically frequent in non‐small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) with its function being elusive. We downloaded lung squamous cell carcinoma and lung adenocarcinoma samples from the TCGA database, split the samples into RYR2 mutant group (n = 337) and RYR2 wild group (n = 634), and established Kaplan‐Meier curves. The results showed that RYR2 mutant group lived longer than the wild group (p = 0.027). Weighted gene co‐expression network analysis (WGCNA) of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) yielded prognosis‐related genes. Five mRNAs and 10 lncRNAs were selected to build survival prognostic models with other clinical features. The AUCs of 2 models are 0.622 and 0.565 for predicting survival at 3 years. Among these genes, the AUCs of DKK1 and GS1‐115G20.1 expression levels were 0.607 and 0.560, respectively, which predicted the 3‐year survival rate of NSCLC sufferers. GSEA identified an association of high DKK1 expression with TP53, MTOR, and VEGF expression. Several target miRNAs interacting with GS1‐115G20.1 were observed to show the relationship with the phenotype, treatment, and survival of NSCLC. NSCLC patients with RYR2 mutation may obtain better prognosis by down‐regulating DKK1 and up‐regulating GS1‐115G20.1.
Ground-based HCN submillimetre measurements in Titan’s atmosphere: an intercomparison with Herschel observations
Authors: Rengel M. , Shulyak D. , Hartogh P. , Sagawa H. , Moreno R. , Jarchow C. , Breitschwerdt D.
Published: December 2021

Aims. The aim of this study is to measure the vertical distribution of HCN on Titan’s stratosphere using ground-based submillimetre observations acquired quasi-simultaneously with the Herschel ones. This allows us to perform a consistency check between space and ground-based observations and to build a reference mean HCN vertical profile in Titan’s stratosphere.

Methods. Using APEX and IRAM 30-m, we obtained the spectral emission of HCN (4-3) and (3-2) lines. Observations were reduced with GILDAS-CLASS. We applied a line-by-line radiative transfer code to calculate the synthetic spectra of HCN, and a retrieval algorithm based on optimal estimation to retrieve the temperature and HCN vertical distributions. We used the standard deviation-based metric to quantify the dispersion between the ground-based and Herschel HCN profiles and the mean one.

Results. Our derived HCN abundance profiles are consistent with an increase from 40 ppb at ~100 km to 4 ppm at ~200 km, which is an altitude region where the HCN signatures are sensitive. We also demonstrate that the retrieved HCN distribution is sensitive to the data information and is restricted to Titan’s stratosphere. The HCN obtained from APEX data is less accurate than the one from IRAM data because of the poorer data quality, and covers a narrower altitude range. Comparisons between our results and the values from Herschel show similar abundance distributions, with maximum differences of 2.5 ppm ranging between 100 and 300 km in the vertical range. These comparisons also allow us to inter-validate both data sets and indicate reliable and consistent measurements. The inferred abundances are also consistent with the vertical distribution in previous observational studies, with the profiles from ALMA, Cassini/CIRS, and SMA (the latest ones below ~230 km). Our HCN profile is also comparable to photochemical models by Krasnopolsky (2014) and Vuitton et al. (2019) below 230 km and consistent with that of Loison et al. (2015) above 250 km. However, it appears to show large differences with respect to the estimates by Loison et al. (2015), Dobrijevic & Loison (2018), and Lora et al. (2018) below 170 km, and by Dobrijevic & Loison (2018) and Lora et al. (2018) above 400 km, although they are similar in shape. We conclude that these particular photochemical models need improvement.
New Approach to Compute Accurately the Entropy Generation Due to Natural Convection in a Square Cavity
Authors: Boudebous Saadoun , Ferroudj Nawal
Published: December 2021

The idea to carry out an exercise to compare the calculation of entropy generation for unsteady natural convection in a square cavity with vertical sides that are maintained at different temperatures was motived by the observation, in the literature, of inaccurate or often erroneous results concerning the values of this significant physical entity. It then appeared necessary to reconsider this problem in order to ensure its consistent assessment. The new approach that we propose allows a direct access to the value of the entropy generation by considering the exact values of the thermophysical properties of the working fluid, which depends on the Prandtl and the Rayleigh numbers.
Cibler les macrophages dans les dystrophies musculaires ?
Authors: Juban Gaëtan
Published: December 2021

Les macrophages jouent un rôle essentiel au cours de la régénération musculaire. L’altération de leurs propriétés est observée lors de pathologies chroniques telles que les dystrophies musculaires où ils contribuent au développement de la fibrose musculaire. La modulation du statut inflammatoire des macrophages représente une stratégie thérapeutique pertinente pour améliorer l’homéostasie musculaire.
Métapsychologie de l’habiter : entre clinique et création contemporaine
Authors: Vinot Frédéric
Published: December 2021

Les apports de Lacan, reprenant et se distinguant de ceux d’Heidegger, permettent de poser les bases d’une « schize » entre l’habitat et le logement. L’habitat langagier suppose une inhabitation initiale mais aussi une déshabitation toute aussi nécessaire : la logique en est montrée chez Freud et Lacan, d’abord sur un plan phallique, puis sur un plan pulsionnel. Cette schize est ensuite développée sous deux versants : d’une part à partir de la clinique des centres d’accueil et d’héber gement, et d’autre part avec les travaux de deux artistes contemporains (F. Varini, G. Rousse) qui interrogent l’habiter au travers d’une réinvention de l’anamorphose, déployée non plus dans le champ pictural mais dans celui du bâti.
L’exil est-il une solution pour les réfugiés politiques traumatisés ?
Authors: Birgul Cakir Cagda
Published: December 2021

L’histoire collective, surtout lorsqu’elle est marquée par des conflits majeurs et de la violence, a un impact important sur l’histoire singulière. Le partage du trauma et sa réactivation sous certaines conditions, induisent des répercussions psychiques qui s’inscrivent dans la durée. Ces répercussions perdurent dans l’exil et se traduisent en difficultés d’intégration dans le pays d’accueil. L’objet de cet article est la présentation des données d’une recherche linéaire sur ce rapport entre mémoire collective et trajectoire individuelle. Nous présentons ici le vécu traumatique et les difficultés d’intégration de deux sujets turcs réfugiés politiques en France.

Nous nous sommes appuyés sur une démarche double : psychopathologique et catégorielle pour évaluer l’État de Stress Post Traumatique grâce aux critères diagnostiques du DSM-IV, puis psychanalytique et qualitative pour analyser d’un point de vue thématique les contenus des entretiens semi-directifs. Cette démarche retrace des trajectoires encore heurtées dans l’exil, du fait de difficultés d’adaptation. Par la symptomatologie qui réfère à leurs difficultés, à la suite à d’incarcérations et de torture, la trajectoire de ces sujets nous révèle une persistance de l’impact des traumatismes.
La subversion hypocondriaque
Authors: Pedinielli Jean Louis , Diebold Lionel
Published: December 2021

Le symptôme et la maladie hypocondriaques interrogent, voire persécutent le médecin, en révélant un double caricatural de son discours et de son attitude. L’auteur estime que l’échec thérapeutique et les demandes répétées sont une agression du médecin et leur répétition une forme de subversion car elles impliquent une valorisation de la médecine idéalisée et un échec du médecin indigne d’une telle science. La « passion » de l’hypocondriaque s’organise primordialement autour du corps, de la douleur et de l’organe. L’organe malade, douloureux, vient combler une défaillance laissée par l’échec des expériences précoces. Dans sa demande répétée à la médecine, le malade fait apparaître des contradictions et des formes de déni du savoir médical qui exclut la question du désir et du plaisir.
Pricing strategy and product substitution of bullwhip effect in dual parallel supply chain: aggravation or mitigation?
Authors: Ma Junhai , Lou Wandong , Wang Zongxian
Published: December 2021

The bullwhip effect affects not only the revenue of the retailer but also the revenue of the manufacture and weakens the performance of the whole supply chain. In this research, the bullwhip effect influenced by pricing strategy is studied for the first time in two parallel supply chains distributing price-sensitive and substitutable products. The analytical expression of bullwhip effect based on pricing strategy and product substitution is derived for the first time. The effects of pricing strategy and product substitution on the bullwhip effect are studied through simulation. The analytic results and the simulation results show that the bullwhip effect of the two parallel supply chains will be affected by lead time, product substitution rate, and pricing coefficient. The interesting finding is that the bullwhip effect can be efficiently alleviated by adopting a price strategy with many correlations and a small coefficient of autocorrelation.
You always take the weather with you
Authors: Holzhauer Peter
Published: December 2021

Dieser „feelgood song“ der australischen Band Crowded House aus dem Jahr 1992 vermittelt aus aktueller Sicht, im Angesicht der Klimakonferenz in Glasgow und der Unwetterkatastrophe im Ahrtal, die so viele Menschen in unserem Land mit viel Schmerz und Verlust durchleben und überstehen mussten, eine fast apokalyptische Perspektive. Haben wir diese Wetterentwicklungen verschlafen? Haben wir schon wieder von etwas nichts mitbekommen? Vielleicht einige von uns.
Fucoidan aus Braunalgen
Authors: Hees Bettina
Published: December 2021

Fucoidan ist ein Polysaccharid, das in Meeresbraunalgen, vor allem der Wakame-Alge, vorkommt. Es ist in vielen Ländern Asiens Bestandteil der täglichen Ernährung mit Algen, darüber hinaus wird es in der traditionellen asiatischen Medizin zur komplementären Behandlung von Tumorerkrankungen eingesetzt. Seit Kurzem ist Fucoidan auch in der EU als „Novel Food“-Lebensmittel bzw. Nahrungsergänzung zugelassen. Fucoidane besitzen eine Vielzahl an antikanzerogenen Wirkungen, was in vitro, in vivo und in klinischen Pilotstudien nachgewiesen werden konnte: Sie reduzieren proinflammatorische Prozesse, können die Proliferation von Krebszellen unterdrücken, aktivieren die Apoptose-Signale von Krebszellen und hemmen die Bildung von vaskulären Wachstumsfaktoren (VEGF), wodurch Angiogenese und Metastasierung unterdrückt werden können. Fucoidan besitzt sowohl systemische Wirkungen – erstmalig nachgewiesen mit Hilfe der microRNA Biomarker-Diagnostik – als auch lokale Wirkungen. Als Biological Response Modifier aktiviert und verbessert Fucoidan die Immunantwort im Darm als First-Line-Abwehr von Tumorzellen und Schlüsselfaktor der Tumorbekämpfung, es wirkt zusätzlich als Booster der natürlichen Killerzellaktivität. Fucoidan kann die Nebenwirkungen von Chemo- und Strahlentherapien reduzieren und es kann die therapeutischen Effekte konventioneller Tumortherapien verbessern. Der Beitrag stellt klinische Ergebnisse zu Fucoidan beim metastasierten Kolonkarzinom sowie bei Brustkrebs vor.
Editorial
Authors: Crismani Adriano
Published: December 2021

Sehr geehrte Kolleginnen und Kollegen,

ich darf Ihnen die vierte und letzte Ausgabe dieses Jahres präsentieren. Aktuelle und interessante Beiträge - von jungen und erfahrenen Autorinnen und Autoren aus Deutschland und Österreich verfasst, werden Sie mit Sicherheit finden. An dieser Stelle möchte ich mich sehr herzlich bei diesen für ihren Einsatz und ihre Professionalität bedanken!
Translatorische Zahnbewegung durch eine stark erweiterte Kieferhöhle
Authors: Wendl Brigitte , Pichelmayer Margit , Kirnbauer Barbara , Jakse Michael Payer Norbert
Published: December 2021

Der kieferorthopädische Lückenschluss ist eine wichtige Alternative zur prothetischen Restauration mit Implantaten. Diese Zahnbewegung im Oberkiefer kann durch eine stark nach kaudal ausladende Kieferhöhle mit steil ansteigendem vertikalem Kieferhöhlenboden und weit in den Sinus reichende Zahnwurzeln erschwert werden. Die vorgestellten Fallberichte 2 und 3 zeigen eine Methode zur Erleichterung eines translatorischen Lückenschlusses durch die Kieferhöhle mithilfe eines interdisziplinären chirurgischen Ansatzes (Sinuslift mit Augmentation) bei sehr tief reichendem Sinus maxillaris.

Die radiologische und klinische Bewertung dieser beiden kieferorthopädischen Fälle zeigte eine erfolgreiche translatorische kieferorthopädische Zahnbewegung durch eine stark vergrößerte Kieferhöhle, die durch Knochenaugmentation unter Verwendung eines synthetischen Knochenersatzmaterials unterstützt wurde. Es gab keine signifikanten Anzeichen einer Wurzelresorption.
OCT-Angiografie als interdisziplinäres Diagnostikum für Systemerkrankungen
Authors: Hohberger Bettina , Mardin Christian Yahya
Published: December 2021

Die OCT-Angiografie (OCT-A) hat sich zu einer festen Bildgebungsmethode der Retina entwickelt. Sie ermöglicht eine nichtinvasive Darstellung der Mikrozirkulation im Mikrometerbereich bei ophthalmologischen Pathologien sowie bei Systemerkrankungen mit möglicher okulärer Beteiligung. Das Review fasst den aktuellen Stand hierzu zusammen.
Revisiting the Death and Autopsy of King George II
Authors: Suzuki Yota , DeAnda Abe
Published: December 2021

It is commonly accepted that King George II died of an acute aortic dissection. The origin of this association derives from retelling of the official autopsy performed by Dr. Frank Nicholls. While there is no doubt that King George II did have a Stanford Type A dissection, critical descriptions in the report point to a more likely cause of death.
Using an Endovascular Strategy in the Open Setting: The Challenges of Hybrid Repair Using Frozen Elephant Trunk in an Extensively Dilated Aorta Associated with Coarctation
Authors: Harrington Bertram , McPherson Iain , Bayliss Christopher , Barnard Sion , McCaslin James , Williams Robin , Booth Karen
Published: December 2021

With both stenosis and aneurysm, repairing a severely tortuous and coarcted aorta can present certain difficulties. The advent of hybrid arch frozen elephant trunk techniques, as well as other endovascular solutions, has produced safer surgical repair methods for such cases. We present the reconstruction and repair of a Type-1 thoracoabdominal aortic aneurysm using a staged approach in less-than-optimal anatomy. Interventions included hybrid frozen elephant trunk, balloon dilation, and thoracic endovascular repair.
Development and Implementation of an e-Learning Program on Glasgow Coma Scale
Authors: Xavier Teenu , Kuriakose Merin Lisa , Robin Metilda , Agrawal Deepak
Published: December 2021

Background With the advancement in technology, e-learning is an attractive platform to facilitate online continuing medical education. The aim of the study was to develop a web-based nursing education program on the Glasgow coma scale (GCS) and to assess the effectiveness of this module in improving the knowledge of nurses.

Methods A one-group pretest posttest study was conducted among nurses working in a tertiary care hospital in New Delhi, India, from November 2015 till July 2016. Before administering the GCS module, an online questionnaire was used to assess the baseline knowledge. After the completion of the module, a posttest questionnaire was administered and assessed.

Results A total of 3500 users completed the e-learning GCS module. The mean pretest score was 4.2 ± 2.1, and the mean posttest score was 7.3 ± 2.5. The mean difference in the score was statistically highly significant (p < 0.05).

Conclusion The e-learning module is an effective means of providing continuing online education to the nurses, so that they can update their knowledge.