bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Green manure: Alternative to carbon sequestration in a Typic Ustipsamment under semiarid conditions
Authors: Piraneque Gambasica Nelson Virgilio , Aguirre Forero Sonia Esperanza , Lucheta Adriano Reis
Published: September 2021

Vegetative soil cover mitigates climatic variability and enhances the balance between mineralization and humification processes. Under aerobic conditions, most of the carbon that enters the soil is labile, but a small fraction (1%) is humified and stable, contributing to the soil carbon reserve; therefore, it is important to assess the carbon content captured after green manure cultivation and decomposition. During two consecutive semesters, July to December 2016 and January to June 2017, green manure plots (Zea mays L., Andropogon sorghum subsp. sudanensis and Crotalaria longirostrata) were cultivated individually, in a consortium or amended with palm oil agro-industrial biosolids in a randomized complete block design with 12 treatments. Once decomposed, the different carbon fractions (organic, oxidizable, non-oxidizable, removable and total) were determined. The results showed high total and organic carbon contents under the sorghum treatment, at 30 and 28 Mg ha-1, respectively, followed by those under the fallow + biosolid treatment, at 29.8 Mg ha-1 and 27.5 Mg ha-1, respectively. Despite the short experiment duration and the possible contributions of previous management on recalcitrant carbon soil stocks, these findings suggest the importance of maintaining plant cover and utilizing green manure in the Colombian Caribbean region. Long-term experiments may be conducted to confirm the full potential of cover crops on carbon sequestration under tropical semiarid conditions.
Assesment of compost and Technosol as amendments to increase nutrient contents in a mine soil vegetated with Brassica juncea
Authors: Forján Rubén , Rodríguez Vila Alfonso , Cerqueira Cancelo Beatriz , Amano Geleto Mati , Asensio Fandiño Verónica , F. Covelo Emma
Published: September 2021

Abandoned mines pose potential risks to the environment and human health, and the reclamation of these areas is difficult. Soils from mining areas are usually characterised by degraded structure, high concentration of potentially toxic elements and deficiencies in nutrients. A greenhouse experiment was carried out in cylinders with the mine soil from the settling pond of the depleted copper mine of Touro (Galicia, Northwest Spain) amended with compost or technosol made from organic and inorganic wastes, and planted with Brassica juncea for 11 months. The aim of the study was to evaluate the effect of compost and technosol amendments on nutrient concentrations at different depths in a mine soil planted with Brassica juncea. The results revealed that at depths 0-15 and 15-30 cm, soil+technosol+Brassica juncea (STP) and soil+compost+Brassica juncea (SCP) treatments had higher pH than untreated mine soil S at the end of experimental. At depths 0-15 and 15-30 cm, SCP had the highest carbon total content. The nitrogen was only detected at depth 0–15 cm and only in the treated settling pond soil. STP and SCP had higher percentage of base saturation (V%) and lower percentage of aluminum saturation (Al%) than S and SS (sand). At depth 0-15 cm, soil+technosol+Brassica juncea (STP) and soil+compost+Brassica juncea (SCP) did not show generally significant differences on the nutrients values. At time 3, Brassica juncea plants cultivated in soil+compost+Brassica juncea (SCP) had the highest biomass. Soil+technosol+Brassica juncea (STP) treatment was the most effective increasing soil pH. Soil+compost+Brassica juncea treatment was the one that produced the greatest increase in total carbon. The treatments increased the cation exchange capacity (CEC) at depth 0-15 cm. Both treatments corrected the CEC by increasing the V% and decreasing the Al%. The application of technosol and Brassica juncea plants, or compost and Brassica juncea to a mine soil improved the soil quality.
Soil parameters and bioclimatic characteristics affecting essential oil composition of leaves of Pistacia lentiscus L. from València (Spain)
Authors: Llinares Palacios Josep Vicent , Llorens-Molina Juan A. , Mulet Jaume , Vacas Sandra
Published: September 2021

The variability of the soils found in an area together with the diversity of the bioclimatic parameters will affect the chemical profile of plant species, in our case Pistacia lentiscus L. The aim of this work is to analyse the bioclimatic characteristics and soil parameters affecting the essential oil (EO) composition of the leaves of the Pistacia lentiscus L. growing in València (Spain). The EO compositions of dried leaves of Pistacia lentiscus L. from five sampling sites with noticeable differences in soil and climate features were analysed by GC(MS) and GD(FID). The main bioclimatic and soil parameters were also determined in order to relate them to oil composition. a-pinene (2.8-39.2%), myrcene (0.6-59.3%), b-phellandrene (0.0-42.8%), germacrene-D (3.9-20.4%) and terpinen-4-ol (0.2-19.0%) were found to be the major compounds showing a high variability. The five sampling sites presented well-defined bioclimatic and edaphic characteristics that could be related to specific EO profiles. The results suggested that the EO composition of P. lentiscus L. depends more on the edaphic factors interacting with bioclimate conditions than on the geographical origin itself. Some general trends could be established based on the results: the Calcaric Arenosol (Saler) with a high evapotranspiration index was associated with a high sesquiterpenic fraction, (germacrene-D and b-caryophyllene, mainly). The Luvisol (Borrell and L’Ull), with high amounts of a + b-pinene, were found to be related to sub-humid bioclimatic conditions and clayey and fertile soils (high CEC and OM levels). This last requirement was also observed to be related to the myrcene content, but with drier climatic conditions and calcareous soils (Haplic Calcisol) with high level of carbonates and active lime (Lliria). The rest of hydrocarbon monoterpene and oxygenated monoterpene (terpinen-4-ol, mainly) fractions could be related to a dry climate and non-calcareous and low fertility soils (Eutric Regosol, Segart). Given the most suitable composition related to specific and useful biological activities, new research of controlled environmental factors (soil features and bioclimatic conditions) should be conducted in order to define the best conditions to manage industrial crops of P. lentiscus L.
16. YÜZYIL ŞAİRLERİNDEN KARA FAZLÎ’NİN TEHNİYET-NÂME’Sİ
Authors: YALÇINKAYA Mehmet Akif
Published: September 2021

Kanuni devri şairlerinden biri olan Kara Fazlî, Divan’ından ziyade Gül ü Bülbül mesnevisiyle tanınmıştır. Kanuni’nin oğulları Şehzâde Mehmed, Şehzâde Mustafa ve Şehzâde Selim’in divan kâtipliğini yapmış, ömrünün son yıllarında reîs-i küttâblık makamına terfi etmiştir. Vazifesi gereği pek çok mektup kaleme almış ve devrinin muteber münşileri arasında yerini almıştır. Manzum-mensur muhtelif eserler telif eden Kara Fazlî’nin inşâ sahasındaki eserlerinden birisi de Rumeli Tımarlarına defterdar olarak atanan Ahmed Çelebi bin Mehmed isimli bir paşayı tebrik maksadıyla yazdığı Tehniyet-nâme’sidir. Mektup, Süleymaniye Kütüphanesi Âşir Efendi bölümü 314/III numarada kayıtlı mecmuanın 85b-92b varakları arasında yer almaktadır. Kara Fazlî, mektubunda bu terfi haberinden duyduğu sevinci samimi bir üslupla dile getirir. Mezkûr paşanın güzel hasletlerinden övgüyle söz eder. Ulu kimselerin meclislerinde büyüklere hediye sunmanın kadim bir adet olduğunu ve bu vesileyle bu Tehniyet-nâme’yi hediye kabilinden arz ettiğini belirtir. Mektubun muhatabını metheden bir kaside ile sözlerini noktalar. Mektupta Arapça ve Farsça tamlamalarla yüklü sanatlı bir dil kullanılmıştır. Konunun akışına uygun olarak ayet, hadis ve bir kısmı müellifin kendine ait, bir kısmı ise Arap ve Fars edebiyatlarından berceste kabilinden muhtelif şairlere ait çeşitli nazım şekillerinde şiirlere yer verilmiştir.

Bu makalede önce Kara Fazlî’nin hayatı ve eserleri hakkında bilgiler verilmiştir. Ardından eserin nüshası tanıtılarak mektup muhteva yönünden incelenmiş, çalışmanın sonunda mektubun transkripsiyonlu metni sunulmuştur.
Replacing Special Relativity
Authors: Hodge John
Published: September 2021

The Special Theory of Relativity applies where gravitation is insignificant. There are many observations that remain poorly explained by the standard models of either the big of cosmology or the small of Quantum mechanics. The strength of the Scalar Theory Of Everything (STOE) is its ability to describe an extremely wide range of observations and to predict observations. Each of the STOE axioms has been used in the development of models of observations in the big and the small. The axioms that replace Special Relativity are: (1) Time is an abstraction of the duration between events causing events. (2) The diameter of the hods is the same throughout the universe. (3) The distance between hods is related to plenum density. Higher reduces the distance between hods. (4) The speed of photons and hods (light) is the greatest of any matter in a given environment. (5) The speed of the plenum wave is much faster than the speed of the hods. The STOE passes the tests of Special Relativity and does much more. The STOE is a major paradigm shift.
Statement of the Committee of Human Nutrition Science of the Polish Academy of Sciences on the use of dietary supplements containing vitamins and minerals by adults
Authors: Wawrzyniak Agata , Przybyłowicz Katarzyna , Wądołowska Lidia , Charzewska Jadwiga , Górecka Danuta , Lange Ewa
Published: September 2021

The use of dietary supplements (supplementation) is the individual enrichment of the diet with ingredients naturally occurring in food. As a rule, dietary supplements should be used periodically. In nutritional practice, there are many indications for dietary supplementation, but the decision to take dietary supplements should be made by consumers wisely and only in justified situations, when there is a risk that the usual diet does not provide vitamins and minerals in an amount adequate to meet dietary recommendations. However, we should remember about the real dangers of taking too large doses of vitamins and minerals. Many people using dietary supplements, especially several types at the same time, may experience undesirable side effects and deterioration of health, and in addition, people taking medicines may seriously disrupt or weaken the effect of the drug, or even lack the therapeutic effect of the drug. The document presents 10 steps and rules for the use of dietary supplements available on the market, which are addressed to the general population.
Assessment of caffeine intake with food by Polish females and males
Authors: Malczyk Ewa , Wyka Joanna , Malczyk Agata , Larma Katarzyna
Published: September 2021

Background. Caffeine is the most widespread psychoactive substance in the world. With long-term consumption of caffeinated beverages, there is a high probability of overtaking on caffeine.
Objective. The aim of the study was to estimate the consumption of caffeine in the daily caffeine intake of Polish consumers, determine the caffeinated products in the intake of this substance.
Materials and methods. The survey was completed by 433 respondents living in Poland. The research tool was the electronic questionnaire, which consisted of: a) questions about personal data and measurement anthropometric and the level of physical activity and smoking; b) questions regarding the portion size and frequency of consumption of coffee, tea, cocoa, chocolate, energy drinks and colacarbonated beverages.
Results. The main sources of caffeine in the respondents' diet include: coffee (Me 43.64 mg/d) and tea (Me 37.60 mg/d).
Approximately 20% of respondents exceeded the threshold of daily caffeine intake (safety level for children and adolescents up to 3 mg/kg b.w, for adults up to 5.7 mg/kg b.w), considered safe.
Conclusions. Respondents who have crossed the safe dose of caffeine intake, should limit the consumption of products being its main source (coffee).
Monitoring survey of nitrate content in beetroot, radish and cabbage in Poland
Authors: Gajda-Wyrębek Joanna , Jarecka Jolanta , Dmitruk Marta
Published: September 2021

Background. Nitrates, compounds commonly occurring in nature, are present for example in vegetables, where they accumulate and become their contaminants. It is estimated that approximately 70-90% of nitrates intake comes from vegetables, which are therefore the main source of human exposure to these compounds through dietary intake. The European Union legislation limits nitrates as contaminants to three leafy vegetables, i.e. lettuce, spinach and rucola.
The EU Member States are obliged to monitor nitrate levels in vegetables which may contain significant levels of these compounds.
Objective. To present the results of monitoring surveys on nitrate levels in radish and beetroot as well as in cabbage carried out in Poland between 2012 and 2019.
Material and methods. A total of 966 vegetable samples were tested. Chemical analyses were carried out in accredited laboratories of the State Sanitary Inspection. Analyses were performed by spectrophotometric methods using nitrate reduction on cadmium columns or by HPLC.
Results. The median nitrate content in beetroot was 1,260.0 mg NO−
3 /kg, whilst at the 95th percentile level - 3,222.2 mg NO−3 /kg. The levels of nitrates in beetroot preserves were lower: 1,030.3 mg NO−3 /kg (median) and 2337,2 mg NO−3 /kg (95th percentile). The median content of nitrates in radish and cabbage was 1,337.0 mg NO−3 /kg and 369,0 mg NO−3 /kg respectively, while at the 95th percentile the content of these compounds was found to be 3,381.5 mg NO−3 /kg and 1545,8 mg NO−3 /kg, respectively.
Conclusions. The nitrate content in radish and cabbage does not pose a risk to the health of consumers, whilst the consumption of beetroot containing significant amounts of the above mentioned compounds may result in exceeding the ADI especially for young children.
Influence of plasma electrolytic hardening modes on the structure and properties of 65G steel
Authors: Rakhadilov B.K. , Kozhanova R.S. , Baizhan D. , Zhurerova L.G. , Yerbolatova G.U. , Kalitova A.A. , Zhanuzakova L.N.
Published: September 2021

This work presented a study of the structure, hardness and wear resistance of 65G steel treated with electrolyte-plasma hardening under different conditions. The electrolyte-plasma hardening technology and a laboratory installation for the realisation of electrolyte-plasma hardening are also described. After electrolyte-plasma hardening, we have established that a modified layer consists of the a-phase (martensite) and M3C cementite. The study results showed that electrolyte-plasma hardening makes it possible to obtain layers on the 65G steel surface that provides an increase in microhardness by 2.6 times, wear resistance by two times, resistance to abrasive wear by 1.7 times compared to the original samples. In addition, local hardening ensures the achievement of technical and economic effects due to the absence of the need to isolate an unwanted site of parts, processing only the areas requiring hardening.
Kreativitas Dalam Pengembangan Media Video/Televisi Pembelajaran
Authors: Warsita Bambang
Published: September 2021

Untuk menghasilkan media video/televisi pembelajaran yang berkualitas sesuai dengan kompetensi atau tujuan yang akan dicapai, pengembangan media video/televisi pembelajaran membutuhkan serangkaian kemampuan kreativitas, baik kemampuan berpikir kreatif maupun sikap kreatif. Pengetahuan yang harus dikuasai dalam pengembangan media video/televisi pembelajaran adalah pengetahuan tentang media televisi itu sendiri, pengetahuan tentang perancangan (analisis kebutuhan, penyusunan GBIM, teknik penulisan naskah), dan pengetahuan tentang pelaksanaan teknis produksi serta evaluasi. Oleh karena itu, perlu menumbuhkembangkan dan memberdayakan kreativitas tim pengembang media video/ televisi pembelajaran. Akhirnya dapat dihasilkan media video/televisi pembelajaran yang berkualitas secara teknis dan sesuai dengan kebutuhan sasaran/peserta didik.
PEMANFAATAN PERPUSTAKAAN SEBAGAI PUSAT SUMBER BELAJAR UNTUK MENINGKATKAN KUALITAS PEMBELAJARAN
Authors: Warsita, M.Pd Drs. Bambang
Published: September 2021

Salah satu sumber belajar yang sudah lama diperlukan hingga sampai sekarang masih tetap diperlukan dalam setiap satuan pendidikan adalah perpustakaan. Hakikat perpustakaan adalah pusat sumber belajar dan sumber informasi bagi pemakainya. Perpustakaan mempunyai peranan sangan penting untuk menunjang kegiatan pembelajaran dalam upaya meningkatkan aktivitas belajar peserta didik serta meningkatkan kualitas pendidikan dan pembelajaran. Perpustakaan sebagai pusat sumber belajar sangat bermanfaat untuk mendukung dalam mencapai tujuan pembelajaran, menciptakan pembelajaran yang aktif, kreatif, efektif, dan menyenangkan melalui pemanfaatan aneka sumber belajar menuju pembelajaran yang berkualitas.
PENGARUH MEDIA PEMBELAJARAN TERHADAP HASIL BELAJAR IKATAN ION
Authors: Siti Raudhatul Kamali Rubiman dan
Published: September 2021

Media pembelajaran merupakan salah satu faktor yang mendukung proses belajar-mengajar kimia. Pemilihan media pembelajaran berdasarkan materi yang diajarkan pada materi kimia sangat berpengaruh terhadap hasil belajar siswa. Pada penelitian ini digunakan media pembelajaran bongkar pasang untuk mempermudah pemahaman konsep ikatan ion. Media bongkar pasang ikatan ion merupakan seperangkat alat yang terdiri dari dua jenis model yang menggambarkan ion positif dan ion negatif yang berfungsi untuk membantu penulisan rumus senyawa kimia yang terbentuk pada proses pembentukan ikatan ion. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui perbedaan hasil belajar antara siswa yang diajar berbantuan media bongkar pasang ikatan ion dengan yang tidak berbantuan media pembelajaran. Pada penelitian diperoleh ada perbedaan perolehan hasil belajar antara siswa yang diajar dengan media pembelajaran bongkar pasang ikatan ion dengan siswa yang tidak menggunakan media bongkar pasang ikatan ion pada siswa SMU kelas X dan XI IPA.
PERANAN TEKNOLOGI INTERNET DALAM MEMBANGUN PENDIDIKAN KARAKTER ANAK
Authors: Yuni Sugiarti Yuni Sugiarti
Published: September 2021

Abstrak:Internet hakekatnya hanya sebuah media berupa sebuah alat bukan tujuan. Pesatnya perkembangan kemampuan anak-anak dalam memanfaatkan internet merupakan peluang dalam menanamkan pendidikan karakter melalui media ini. Untuk menanamkan pendidikan karakter melalui internet diperlukan kesadaran dan kemampuan pihak-pihak terkait khususnya keluarga, sekolah, dan pemerintah. Peran keluarga perlu membentuk keluarga yang dapat menciptakan generasi penerus yang berkualitas dan berkarakter kuat, termasuk keluarga yang sadar dalam penggunaan internet yang sehat. Orangtua perlu memahami strategi penggunaan internet yang sehat, dimulai dari: meletakkan komputer ditempat umum, memilih jenis komputer PC, memiliki wawasan alamat situs edukatif, membimbing dan memonitor anak dalam menggunakan internet. Pemerintah memiliki kewajiban mendorong internet menjadi media pendidikan karakter bangsa. Sekolah selain menyediakan infrastruktur internet, juga perlu mengintegrasikan pembelajaran dengan internet, mengetahui alamat situs edukatif, memanfaatkan web atau blog sebagai sarana komunikasi dan interaksi pembelajaran, mendorong berbagai kreativitas anak melalui internet, serta membimbing dan mengarahkan peserta didik dalam memanfaatkan internet secara sehat. Kata Kunci: internet, pendidikan karakter, situs edukatif, internet sehatAbstract:Internet per se is only a medium in the form of a tool and not an end. The rapid development of the childâ€™s ability in utilizing the Internet is an opportunity in instilling character education through this medium. To instill character education through the internet, awareness and ability of the parties concerned, especially families, schools, and government are needed. It is necessary to form a family who can create the next qualified and strong character generation, including families who are aware of healthy Internet utilization. Parents need to understand the strategy of a healthy internet use beginning with putting a computer in public area, choosing the PC type computer, having an educative website address insight, guiding and monitoring the child in using the Internet. The government has an obligation to encourage Internet as media of national character building. Schools in addition to providing Internet infrastructure, also need to integrate learning with the Internet, know educational website address, use a web or blog as a means of communication and interaction of learning, encourage creativity of children through the internet, as well as guide and direct learners in utilizing the Internet in a healthy manner. Keywords: internet, character education, educational websites, internet health
ANALYSIS OF RESIDENTIAL RESERVOIR CAPACITY AT THE MUTIARA PURI HARMONI 2 CIKARANG
Authors: Imamuddin Mohammad , Prasetyo Adi Tathak Wahyu
Published: September 2021

Cikarang is one of the areas in the administrative city of Bekasi Regency, which has several flood-prone areas. Every year, several areas of Cikarang often experience flooding, including the North Cikarang area. Precisely in Karanganyar Village, Karang Bahagia Subdistrict, where most of the land has been converted from rice fields to densely populated housing. Over time, Karang Bahagia Subdistrict became familiar with floods and puddles. Mutiara Puri Harmoni 2 Housing is one of the densely populated residential areas in the Karang Bahagia District. From the observation of the drainage system made by Mutiara Puri Harmoni 2 Housing, there is a lot of sedimentation and some of the sections have a lot of narrowing due to increased development in the housing area. For the drainage before it is drained into the nearest river, namely the Gemboro river, the Mutiara Puri Harmoni 2 housing drainage system creates a reservoir as a storage. By analyzing the reservoir section using the rainfall distribution method and the Log Pearson III method, the resulting 2-year rainfall intensity is 74.374 mm/hour with the resulting discharge of 3.339 m3/second. From the calculation results, the reservoir storage is 6057.216 m3/second with a cross section of 62.4 mx 55.62m. Taking into account the reservoir water balance using 17 years of rainfall data, the maximum discharge in February is 18323m3 and the lowest discharge is in August of 3038m3. Therefore, the results of the capacity analysis needed to avoid flooding are to deepen and expand the reservoir and/or add a pump so that the concentration time is not too long.
SUSTAINABILITY INDEX ASSESSMENT OF URBAN TRANSPORT SERVICES IN DEVELOPING CITIES
Authors: Prayudyanto Muhammad Nanang
Published: September 2021

The growth and concentration of motor vehicles in developing cities has led to increased demand for urban mobility. Renewed commitments of Asian cities are required in order to achieve the SDG target on urban mobility as well as to enhance overall sustainability of urban transport systems and services. Cities and countries need to track the progress in improving urban mobility. With a view to support evidence based decision, the paper introduces the Sustainable Urban Transport Index (SUTI) of urban transport services, to help summarize, track and compare the state of urban mobility in Asian cities, as model for developing cities in the world. It also presents the results of pilot application of SUTI in four Asian cities: Greater Jakarta; Kathmandu; Hanoi; and Colombo. The four pilot cities were able to collect data, analyzed and assess the state of urban mobility in their city using SUTI. The assessment result supported policy makers to identify policy gaps, prioritize additional measures and investment strategies required to improve urban transport systems and services in each city. The visual output display in spider diagram was useful to comprehend state of all 10 key indicators in a glace. The pilot study demonstrated the usefulness of SUTI tool and the pilot cities were already using the results of SUTI analysis. In Kathmandu additional efforts are required to improve pedestrian infrastructure and facilities, Colombo needed to improve quality and reliability of public transport system, while Hanoi and Greater Jakarta need to put additional efforts to increase mode share of public transport system.
Psychological Contract Fulfillment and Attitude towards Organizational Change: A Mediation and Moderation Analysis of Affective Commitment and Empowering Leadership
Authors: Edosomwan Henry Samuel , Nwanzu Chiyem Lucky
Published: September 2021

Purpose: The underlying factors connecting psychological contract fulfillment (PCF) to attitude towards organizational change (ATOC) have not received much attention in organizational behavior literature. Hence, this study examined the mediating role of affective commitment (AC) and the moderating role of empowering leadership (EL) in the relationship between PCF and ATOC among employees in private organizations.
Design/Methodology: This is a quantitative cross-sectional survey. Systematic sampling was utilized for collecting data from employees in private organizations in Delta State, Nigeria, via standardized self-report measures. The sample consisted of 224 employees with a mean age of 28.56 and a standard deviation of 6.41. Regression analysis (Model 1 and 4 of Hayes PROCESS Macro) was used for testing the hypotheses through IBM SPSS version 26.
Findings: The results showed that PCF and AC were positive and significant predictors of ATOC. The results also revealed a significant mediating effect of AC and a moderating effect of EL in the relationship between PCF and ATOC.
Practical Implications: Human resources management (HRM) in private organizations should promote practices that enhance employees' attachment to the organization. Also, top managerial staff should be encouraged to practice empowering leadership because it promotes positive workplace behaviors.
Originality/Value: The present study enhances and brings new critical knowledge regarding the mediating role of AC and the moderating role of EL in the relationship between PCF and ATOC.
PSYCHOLOGICAL WELL-BEING AND ITS RELATION TO ACADEMIC PERFORMANCE OF STUDENTS IN GEORGIAN CONTEXT
Authors: Turashvili Tamara , Japaridze Marine
Published: September 2021

Well-being is a dynamic concept that includes subjective, social, and psychological dimensions as well as health-related behaviors. It is often thought of as one of the hallmarks of the liberal arts experience, resulting from educational encounters that both guide students in the search for meaning and direction in life and help them realize their true potential. Research of students’ well-being is conducted in various countries, but it is the first study conducted in Georgia. The objectives of the studies were to test hypothesis, that because of social, political and economic conditions, and frequent reforms in educational system of Georgia, the majority of the students have high level of depression, low level of well-being, that is reflected on their academic performance.
Within the framework of the research 252 students from wide variety of disciplines, of mean age 21 were surveyed. The study methods are Ryff well-being inventory which consists of series of statements reflecting the six areas of psychological well-being, combination with Coping Inventory for Stressful Situation (CISS), from Endler & Parker and, Kucher Adolescent depression scale (KADS-6).The Results of the study show, that majority of students have middle level of well-being, do not have depression and average self-evaluated academic performance. The research also revealed that the students, who have medium or high level of academic performance, have high index of well-being, purpose of life and personal growth on scale. Also, those students who carry task oriented coping strategy, have high index of well-being, and personal growth on the scale. But the students, who carry avoidance coping strategy, have high level of depression.
Key words: academic performance, coping, depression, personal growth, purpose of life, student, well-being.
СOMPUTER VIZUALIZATION IN MATHEMATICS EDUCATION AS A PRACTICAL EDUCATIONAL TASK
Authors: Sergeev Sergey , Urban Maria
Published: September 2021

The appearance of up-to-date computer technologies extended the application of visualization in mathematics itself as well as in mathematics education drastically. In a number of recent studies the problem of design of technological tools, capable of fostering the students’ mathematical thinking has been discussed hotly. Taking into consideration the primary importance of dynamic visualization (DV) in educational multimedia it is necessary to state that the creation of didactically efficient DV becomes an independent and the urgent educational task.
Methodically grounded realization of dynamic connection between representations of mathematical objects, design of auxiliary visual elements and effects, as well as highlighting of significant objects and relations are prerequisites of potential DV efficacy. While interacting with DV a student can realize how a certain mathematical construction is “built”, detect essential connections between its elements, and in the long term comprehend the underlying mathematical ideas and concepts.
The key advantage of DV in comparison with static vizualization is in the fact that DV gives the opportunity to have a good look at a genesis of a new mathematical object in its dynamics, and to explore the connections between graphical representations without necessity to perform labor-consuming calculations, which gives the possibility to concentrate students’ attention on conceptual aspects of a studied mathematical objects.
In teaching DV can be used both as an additional tutorial visualizing some elements of knowledge and as a dominant one influencing significantly all the other components of a methodological system. The latter can include for example software “analogue” of the physically existing artefact – positional abacus. In any case the teacher acquires the opportunity to create new in their essence, often nontrivial didactical tasks with DV employment.
Key words: computer technologies, mathematics education, visualization.
A Case Control Study on Serum Level of Micronutrients in Decompensated Liver Cirrhosis Patients in Mymensingh, Bangladesh
Authors: Hossain Md Shahadath , Rahman Md Muzibar , Shahidullah ASM , Sen Bina , Hoque Md Rafiqul , Paul Arup Ratan , Saha Kamona Rani
Published: September 2021

Liver cirrhosis is an end stage condition of liver disease and the leading cause of death for both men and women all over the world. It causes death due to acute or chronic gastrointestinal blood loss & multi organ failure. The aim of the study is to evaluate the serum Copper, Zinc and Iron levels in patients with liver cirrhosis. A total 120 subjects were included in this study. Among them, 60 diagnosed decompensated liver cirrhosis patients denoted as case group (n=60) and 60 were normal healthy individuals denoted as control group (n=60), both the case and control groups were male because liver cirrhosis occurs rarely female in Bangladesh. The subjects were briefed and written consents were taken. Under all aseptic precaution 5 ml of venous blood was collected from median cubital vein, analysis was carried out in the Department of Biochemistry, Mymensingh Medical College, Mymensingh, over a period of one year from July 2015 to June 2016. All statistical analysis was performed by SPSS windows package, version 20. Significance of the difference between two groups were evaluated by using student's unpaired 't' test. All the values were expressed as mean ± SD and P value 0.05 was taken as the level of significance. After careful evaluation, in the present study we found significant increase in the serum Copper levels and significant decreases in the serum Zinc and Iron levels in liver cirrhosis patients when compared with that of control group. It can be concluded that to overcome fatal consequences of decompensated liver cirrhosis patients we should avoid high Copper containing food provides Zinc and Iron supplementation as well as blood transfusion may be beneficial.

CBMJ 2019 July: Vol. 08 No. 02 P: 10-16
ANALYZING THE RELIGIOUS VALUES IN A NOVEL ENTITLED HAFALAN SHALAT DELISA BY TERE LIYE
Authors: Jauhara Diyah Zulfa , Setianingsih Eka Sari , Basyar Moh. Aniq Khairul
Published: September 2021

The background of the research problem was that some parents were less concerned with the religious values of their children. Many children did not care about their religious activities such as the lack of interest in memorizing prayers and reciting the Qur'an. The problem in this research was the religious values contained in Tere Liye's novel “Hafalan Shalat Delisa”. The purpose of this research was to reveal and describe the religious values found in Tere Liye's “Hafalan Shalat Delisa” novel. This research was qualitative research using a qualitative descriptive method by describing events, character attitudes, as well as dialogue between characters using note taking techniques. The validity of the data was measured through source triangulation. The results showed that there were several religious values found in "Hafalan Shalat Delisa”, a novel by Tere Liye, namely faith, morals, and worship.
ANALYZING MATHEMATICAL LITERACY ABILITIES IN TERMS OF COGNITIVE STYLE OF SIXTH GRADE STUDENTS: A CASE STUDY AT SD INPRES NIPA-NIPA
Authors: Wulan Nurul , Sukmawati Sukmawati , Baharullah Baharullah
Published: September 2021

This study aimed to describe the Mathematical literacy skills of Grade VI students of SD Inpres Nipa-Nipa, in terms of reflective and impulsive cognitive styles, based on the six levels of Mathematical literacy. This research was a descriptive study with a qualitative approach. The subjects of this study were two grade IV students, one student with a reflective style and another student with an impulsive style. The data collection began by giving a cognitive style test and an initial Mathematics test. Then, a Mathematical literacy test was also administered to determine the level of students’ literacy. After that, an interview was conducted to obtain more accurate data. The results showed that (1) the reflective student took a long time and was very circumspect in answering the Mathematical literacy test questions, so that the results were more accurate. The reflective student was able to answer the questions with clear procedures sequentially and was able to interpret and use representations based on information of the questions, so that it could take the right strategy to answer the question. These results revealed that the students were at the third level of mathematical literacy ability, (2) the impulsive student needed shorter time and was less careful in answering a Mathematical literacy test so that the results were less accurate. The results showed that the impulsive student could answer the question with an identified context and the relevant information with a clear question was available. In addition, the impulsive student could identify information obtained from the question and when he was given a stimulus. Thus, the impulsive student possessed the first-level of Mathematical literacy skills.
THE ACADEMIC STRESS OF MALE AND FEMALE STUDENTS AT SMA N 1 PASIR PENYU IN ONLINE LEARNING DURING THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC
Authors: Yakub Elni , Rahmayani Dwi , Umari Tri
Published: September 2021

The Covid-19 pandemic has made students learn through online learning, which is different from face-to-face learning. As a result, several problems might occurred due to this changing both for students and teachers. Online learning caused students to experience various academic problems, such as unstable internet connections, difficulties in understanding the materials, having more assignments, additional costs for buying internet packages, being unfamiliar with the online learning system, and increasing parents’ burden to help children in learning. Some of the problems mentioned above became a stressor for students in taking online learning. Based on the phenomenon reported by BK teachers at schools, male students were less disciplined in managing time during online learning. it was found that many male students skipped the class during online learning; many assignments were not submitted on time. As a result, their academic achievement decreased. On the other hand, female students focused more on the online learning and they were more likely to stay at home, so that it was easier for them to adapt to online learning compared to male students. The purpose of this study was to determine the differences in the level of academic stress of male and female students. The research samples were 155 students and the instrument in this study was an academic stress scale. This study obtained that the validity of the instruments was 0.3 and the reliability was 0.875. Then, the data were analyzed by independent sample T-test and descriptive analysis. The results showed that there were differences in the academic stress of male students and female students, in which the academic stress of the male students was higher than the academic stress of the female students.
ANALYZING STUDENTS’ READING ABILITY TO COMPREHEND TEXTS AT GRADE V OF GROUP I OF ELEMENTARY SCHOOLS AT DISTRICTS TAMPAN PEKANBARU
Authors: Muzhar Azri
Published: September 2021

This was a descriptive quantitative study. The purpose of this study was to determine the reading comprehension ability of fifth grade students of Group I of Elementary Schools, Kecamatan Tampan, Pekanbaru. The data were collected through a test in the form of multiple choice questions, totaling 50 items. The validity of the research was performed by experts. The samples in this study were 343 students coming from 5 schools, namely SDN 37 Pekanbaru, SDN 147 Pekanbaru, SDN 192 Pekanbaru, SDN 188 Pekanbaru, and SDI Brilliant Pekanbaru. The results showed that the average indicator of understanding the meaning of the word was 61.34 with sufficient category, the indicator for understanding the content in the paragraph was 61.72 with sufficient category, the indicator of determining the main idea was 64.72 with sufficient category, the indicator in the correct order of sentences was 63.09 with sufficient category, and the indicator of concluding the reading text was 62.36 with enough category.
UTILIZING SCRABBLE AS A MEDIUM TO IMPROVE STUDENTS’ VOCABULARY SKILLS IN HIGH SCHOOLS
Authors: Hadi Irfan
Published: September 2021

A good education produces satisfactory learning outcomes. Creative learning requires teachers to be able to use all available resources so that students learn optimally. One of the efforts to maximize learning at home is the use of appropriate media for the conditions and situations at school. The teachers’ difficulty of using suitable media is a problem, especially the teaching of English words. Students still have insufficient vocabulary mastery; as a result,innovations and effort are required in order that students can improve their learning outcomes. One of the media that can be used is scrabble. This research used classroom action research method. The class action was carried out in 2 cycles. The initial cycle began with mapping the students' initial abilities and administering a test after using Scrabble. The second cycle was conducted by improving the teaching through scrabble. 21 students were involved in the classroom action research. The results showed that scrabble could improve English vocabulary learning outcomes. The average score in cycle 1 was 77.9 and in cycle 2 was 78.9. There was an increase for1 point. This result was expected to be improved as the students' vocabulary increased. Teachers should be able to use various and effective media so that students would not get bored studying in class. Learning outcomes increased along with the increase in students’ activities in the classroom.
THE EFFECT OF INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY BASED FLIPPED CLASSROOM LEARNING MODEL ON THE CREATIVITY AND LEARNING OUTCOMES OF CIVIC EDUCATION AT GRADE IV OF SDN BLIGO
Authors: Fatmawati Ninik , Riyanto Yatim , Setyowati Rr Nanik
Published: September 2021

This study aimed to determine the effect of information technology-based flipped classroom learning model on creativity and learning outcomes for grade four Civics at SDN Bligo. This research was an experimental research with a pretest post test control group design. The subjects of this study were fourth grade students of SDN Bligo Sidoarjo. Data collection techniques were through creativity test and learning outcomes tests. Furthermore, the data were tested by using validity and reliability tests, while the learning tools were tested by expert validation. The requirements of the data analysis test were normality test and homogeneity test. The analytical technique used was t test. In this case, the t-test was carried out twice, first, to determine the initial conditions (pretest) of the experimental group and control group and second, to determine the condition after being given treatment (posttest). The results showed that (1) there was an effect of the information technology-based flipped classroom learning model on the creativity of students on Civics education at the fourth grade of elementary schools; (2) there was an effect of the information technology-based flipped classroom learning model on students’ learning outcomes on the Civics lesson at the fourth grade of elementary school. In short, this learning model could be used as a solution for learning from home or online learning that students were currently doing due to the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic.
IMPROVING STUDENTS’ READING COMPREHENSION THROUGH YOUTUBE AT GRADE VII OF SMPN 3 BUKIT BATU
Authors: Hutagaol Lismameriati
Published: September 2021

Learning during the pandemic that supports 21st century learning uses online learning and the media in the form of YouTube which has been prepared by the teacher in advance. The aim of this research was to improve the students’ reading comprehension at grade VII of SMPN 3 Bukit Batu. This research used classroom action research in two cycles consisting of 2 lessons per cycle with a total of 27 students. The results of the research before the action obtained an average of 65.81 with the number of students completed the KKM were 13, classically 48%. In the first cycle, learning was carried out by using youtube learning media so that an average of 70.2 was obtained with the number of students who completed were 20 people, with the percentage of classical completeness reaching 74.1%. Meanwhile, in the second cycle, an average of 83.5 was obtained with the number of students who completed were 26 people with the percentage of classical completeness reached 96.3%. The results of teacher observations found that the average cumulative results of the assessment on learning observation activities in the first cycle was 66.7 and increased in the second cycle by 91.7. Thus, it was concluded that the use of youtube media was able to improve students' reading comprehension.
NUTRITIONAL THERAPY IN PATIENTS WITH STOMACH CANCER
Authors: Baima Jacó dos Santos , Pereira Clisneia Alves , Ferreira José Carlos de Sales
Published: September 2021

This study aims to evaluate how food and nutrition can improve the quality of life of people with gastric cancer, since these patients are faced with various nutritional problems, among them, low weight, and malnutrition. The study is methodologically constituted as a qualitative approach and bibliographical research. The techniques used were discussion and interpretation from the reading of articles on the subject published in SCIELO (Scientific Electronic Library), Pub Med., Service of the National Library of Medicine). exploring the data of the results that discuss the subject in question. The study found that nutritional care leads to an improvement and well-being in the quality of life of patients affected by stomach cancer. Thus, nutritional monitoring can provide a reduction in the adverse effects of treatment and the risk of malnutrition, improving treatment tolerance, quality of life and prognosis.
Emotional Labor among Taiwanese Nurses
Authors: Pan I-Ju , Liu Yi-Hui , Lin Chun Chih
Published: September 2021

Background: Nursing staff is important health manpower in hospital. In order to provide a good quality of care to patients, nurses are indispensable. However, emotional labor may cause physical and psychological pressure on nurses and then affect the patient care. The study aims to investigate the correlations among the nurses’ status of emotional labor in order to suggest practical methods for their management, prevention, and reduction.

Methods: This study was cross-sectional research design. A convenience sampling was used in a medical center located in Southern Taiwan. In this study, questionnaires such as demographic information, Emotional Labor Scale were distributed to 919 nurses. Results: The results showed nurses had high emotional labor (M=88, SD= 10.5). Age (r?.09, p?.01), and year of nursing experience (r?.10, p?.01), educational level (F?2.59, p=.05), work unit (F?6.48, p?.01?), and work shift (F?3.48, p?.01) was found to have positive and significant correlation with emotional labor.

Discussion and Conclusions: The study results suggested that in order to improve the quality of medical service, nursing administrators should pay more attention to how to manage emotional relief and adaptation working stress, and improve health such as regularly exercise and so on.
Effect of Microgravity on Endothelial Cell Function, Angiogenesis, and Vessel Remodeling During Wound Healing
Authors: Morbidelli Lucia , Genah Shirley , Cialdai Francesca
Published: September 2021

Wound healing is a complex phenomenon that involves different cell types with various functions, i.e., keratinocytes, fibroblasts, and endothelial cells, all influenced by the action of soluble mediators and rearrangement of the extracellular matrix (ECM). Physiological angiogenesis occurs in the granulation tissue during wound healing to allow oxygen and nutrient supply and waste product removal. Angiogenesis output comes from a balance between pro- and antiangiogenic factors, which is finely regulated in a spatial and time-dependent manner, in order to avoid insufficient or excessive nonreparative neovascularization. The understanding of the factors and mechanisms that control angiogenesis and their change following unloading conditions (in a real or simulated space environment) will allow to optimize the tissue response in case of traumatic injury or medical intervention. The potential countermeasures under development to optimize the reparative angiogenesis that contributes to tissue healing on Earth will be discussed in relation to their exploitability in space.