bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Keragaman dan Kekerabatan Macaranga Pulau Bangka
Authors: Nurtjahya Eddy , Rani Melia Panca , Ardiyani Marlina
Published: February 2024

Macaranga Thou. (Euphorbiaceae) adalah marga terbesar yang dikenal sebagai perintis pada lahan terganggu akibat pembukaan lahan karena pertambangan, pertanian, dan pemukiman. Tujuan penelitian ini mencatat keragaman dan menganalisis kekerabatan Macaranga di Pulau Bangka serta membandingkannya dengan di kawasan Sundaland. Penelitian dilaksanakan pada bulan Juli - Desember 2018 di empat tipe habitat, yakni: perbukitan, hutan dataran rendah, hutan rawa gambut, dan lahan bukaan, dengan masing-masing di lima desa berbeda. Spesimen diidentifikasi dengan koleksi Herbarium Bangka Belitungense dan Herbarium Bogoriense. Sampel daun untuk uji molekuler menggunakan metode teabag, analisis DNA dengan primer kombinasi ITS4 dan ITS5, dan dianalisis dengan Maximum Likelihood. Lima spesies yang didokumentasikan adalah M. bancana, M. gigantea, M. javanica, M. pruinosa, dan M. trichocarpa. Semua jenis paling banyak tumbuh di hutan dataran rendah dan hutan perbukitan, M. pruinosa hanya ditemukan di hutan rawa gambut. M. bancana dan M. pruinosa memiliki kekerabatan dekat dengan Macaranga di kawasan Semenanjung Malaya, M. trichocarpa dekat dengan jenis di Borneo, sedangkan M. javanica tidak diketahui kedekatannya baik dengan Semenanjung Malaya atau Borneo karena tidak adanya sekuens pembanding. M. gigantea tidak menunjukkan perbedaan genetik yang kuat dengan Semenanjung Malaya atau Borneo.
Study of Family History
Authors: Gredel-Manuele Zdenka
Published: February 2024

This paper is about the study of family history and its value as a tool in developing skills necessary for students who want to acquire an insight into the nature and methods of history. My findings are based on my teaching experiences over a ten-year period as a member of the history department at Niagara University.
Niagara University is a liberal arts university founded by the Vincentian order in 1856 in upstate New York. It has an undergraduate enrollment of approximately 2,200 students and an additional 500 students in its Graduate Divisions. Its History Department consists of six full-time and four part-time members and serves about thirty history and social studies majors. The culmination of a history major's study is his performance in a senior seminar which is designed to test the research, writing, and analytical skills in a major historical research essay.
On Teaching History in the Prisons of Georgia
Authors: Durand Robert
Published: February 2024

Those of us who teach history as a vocation soon learn that, unless they are unusually blessed by being married to a rich spouse, they must soon seek additional income by teaching part time at another institution. It is a reality that most who begin a career teaching history will have to face. That reality overwhelmed me early in my professional service and demanded that I teach in an environment not considered "mainstream" by most. That environment is the subject of this article.
The following essay is not intended to be a treatise on penology or the criminal justice system as practiced in the stage of Georgia. It is, instead, a brief description, by way of anecdote, of a part time history instructor's experiences in two of Georgia's prisons over a four-year period. I hope it will serve as a help to those who might be considering teaching in such an institution.
Bar-On, Legacy of Silence - Encounters with Children of the Third Reich. Kerschaw, The Nazi Dictatorship - Problems and Perspectives of Interpretations
Authors: Firsching Lorenz
Published: February 2024

Dan Bar-On's Legacy of Silence is a collection of interviews with children of the perpetrators of the Holocaust--the children of Nazi officials who participated in or witnessed the mass murders of the Jews. Dar-On, an Israeli psychologist whose family left Germany in 1933, offers a new, moving, and disturbing complement to the more usual studies of the victims of Nazi genocide and their children. Just as the children of Nazi victims carry a life-long legacy of their parents' experiences, Bar-On suggests that the children of the Nazi perpetrators also bear a legacy of their parents' deeds, a legacy of silence.
Bar-On freely admits that his book is not an objective, "social science" approach to the effects of genocide. "When I return from my fourth trip to Germany in October 1987," he writes in his conclusion, "I feel a tremendous need to try to 'analyze my data' ... But I know I am doing something wrong ... I am distancing myself from my interviewees, looking at them from the outside ... I wonder if this is a result of my ongoing ambivalence about the research: am I afraid that if I look too closely I will see ordinary human beings?"
Waller, Feud - Hatfields, McCoys, and Social Change in Appalachia, 1860-1900
Authors: Trollinger Jr. William
Published: February 2024

As Allina Waller notes in her introduction, for most Americans the Hatfield-McCoy feud conjures up "images of bearded mountaineers brandishing rifles and jugs of moonshine as they defend illegal stills from federal 'revenuers,' enforce 'shotgun' weddings, and lawlessly perpetuate inherited family grudges." Historians have generally reinforced this view, explaining this late nineteenth-century dispute as the natural product of premodern Appalachian culture, where irrational · family loyalties, rampant lawlessness, and routine violence were the norm.
But in Feud Allina Waller brilliantly rescues the feudists and their world from popular stereotypes and historical misinterpretation. Instead of caricatures, Waller provides detailed and sympathetic treatments of protagonists such as "Old Ranel" McCoy, "Bad Frank" Phillips, and "Devil Anse" Hatfield. More than this, Waller explains the dispute. She convincingly argues that there were two distinct phases to the feud. Feud I (1878-82) was strictly a local affair. Here Waller demolishes much of the standard interpretation, making clear that: kinship was not the controlling variable, as economic ties and other factors resulted in McCoys on the Hatfield side, and vice-versa; the disputants (in keeping with their Appalachian neighbors) went to great lengths to secure legal remedies for their problems; and the violence that did occur (five killings in five years) was an aberration in Appalachian culture.
Short, The Origins of the Vietnam War
Authors: Theilmann John
Published: February 2024

The Vietnam War is a "hot" course topic now and texts are being produced to meet the demand. Neglected for so long, the Vietnam conflict has now generated a host of combat memoirs as well as works dealing with the diplomatic side of the war, but has produced fewer studies of the early years of U.S. involvement. The natural questions for each new Vietnam text are: Is this book useful, and is it necessary?
Anthony Short's Origins of the Vietnam War is part of the Origins of Modern Wars series, that has already weighed in with some distinguished entries, such as James Joll's Origins of the First World War. Short defines his origins broadly, providing chapters on the early career of Ho Chi Minh, the French involvement and exodus, and the subsequent growth of U.S. involvement through 1965. The American involvement is broken down into a chapter on the period from 1952 to 1954 and another on the Geneva conference of 1954. These two chapters are followed by three chapters that cover the Eisenhower, Kennedy, and Johnson years through 1965. Throughout, the author concentrates on the diplomatic maneuvering behind the conflict rather than on the purely military side of the war.
Asociación de la suplementación de vitamina D con las complicaciones y el pronóstico de pacientes con COVID-19
Authors: González-Guerrero Gilda Margarita , Pérez-Cuellar Alexa Michelle , López-Rocha Alejandra , Hurtado-Vidaurri Leslie , Ramírez-Orozco Ricardo Ernesto
Published: February 2024

El COVID-19 es una patología de inicio detectada por el brote de casos en Wuhan, China de neumonía atípica de etiología desconocida a finales del 2019, se ha propagado a nivel mundial causando un síndrome respiratorio agudo severo. La morbimortalidad de esta patología es alta en México, volviéndose prioridad la implementación de iniciativas que permitan modular el curso actual de esta patología. La vitamina D posee un papel inmunitario importante contra infecciones respiratorias y su deficiencia se ha relacionado con su patogénesis. La mortalidad por COVID-19 es compleja debido a otros factores que intervienen en su propagación y aparición de complicaciones. No obstante, se debe considerar el estudio de la suplementación de vitamina D y su relación con el desenlace de dicha enfermedad.
Efectos adversos de mascarillas protectoras contra la COVID-19: casos conflictivos
Authors: Bracamonte-Arámburo Ericka Y. , Foladori Guillermo
Published: February 2024

El artículo analiza el caso de mascarillas para la protección del contagio respiratorio del SARS-CoV-2 elaboradas con nanotecnología y comercializadas en varios países del mundo a lo largo de 2020 y 2021. Algunas de ellas que incorporan grafeno, cobre y plata en escala nanométrica, han sido denunciadas en ciertos países por organizaciones civiles por sus efectos adversos en el organismo, y algunos países han optado por retirarlas del mercado. Esto que se expone es ilustrativo de la aplicación de nuevas tecnologías en productos de consumo sin regulación ni fiscalización por los órganos públicos responsables, y llama la atención que algunos de estos productos pueden ser dispositivos médicos, y la necesidad de un enfoque precautorio en la investigación y desarrollo de los productos comercializados en el papel de los órganos reguladores. Este artículo tiene como objetivo llamar la atención sobre innovaciones tecnológicas para atender la COVID-19 que puedan desatar efectos adversos.
Jaime Raúl Bonilla Barbosa. In memoriam
Authors: Viramontes-Olivas Oscar A.
Published: February 2024

Sin resumen
Cuantificación y caracterización de los residuos del proceso de aserrío en una fábrica de tarimas en El Salto, Durango, México
Authors: Medrano-Guerrero Javier Ezequiel , Meza-López Pedro , Hernández Francisco Javier , Nájera-Luna Juan Abel
Published: February 2024

Durante el procesamiento industrial de la madera se genera una gran cantidad de residuos cuyo destino final es la incineración o confinamiento, lo que implica serios riesgos a la salud de las personas y al paisaje. Para abordar esta problemática y promover la recuperación de una parte de esos residuos y canalizarlos de nuevo a la cadena productiva, se dio seguimiento al asierre de 30 trozas de pino para la producción de tarimas y realizar su cuantificación y caracterización tipológica y morfológica. Se encontró que por cada metro cúbico de madera en rollo que se procesa es posible generar 25 % de residuos en forma de capotes, tiras y recortes con capacidad de liberar 187.40 kgCO2e a la atmósfera al quemarlos. La caracterización de los residuos permitió considerar seriamente su recuperación y la posibilidad de reincorporarlos a la economía circular de la madera.
Castillo de Teayo y su relevancia en el contexto regional mesoamericano durante el período Posclásico Tardío
Authors: Márquez-Lorenzo Emmanuel
Published: February 2024

Castillo de Teayo es un sitio arqueológico de la Huaxteca meridional ubicado en la zona norte de Veracruz, cuya evidencia prehispánica se resume en la presencia de alrededor de 60 esculturas, muchas de las cuales se identifican con deidades e imaginería mexicas. La profusa incidencia de este tipo de piezas, raras en relación con otros sitios ocupados por la Triple Alianza, lleva a considerar que Tetzapotitlan fue una provincia económicamente poderosa en Mesoamérica durante el Posclásico Tardío, razón por la cual existieron numerosas intervenciones militaristas durante el siglo XV. Esta investigación pretende explicar los factores relacionados al establecimiento de esta teoría.
Manejo in vitro de Fusarium acuminatum con extractos vegetales adicionados con nanopartículas de óxido de silicio y zinc
Authors: Malacara-Herrera Irasema del Rosario , Ochoa-Fuentes Yisa Maria , Cerna-Chávez Ernesto , Velázquez-Guerrero Jazmín Janet , Orozco-Plancarte Antonio , Hernández-Juárez Agustín , Aguirre-Uribe Luis Alberto
Published: February 2024

El objetivo de la investigación fue evaluar la actividad antifungica in vitro de dos extractos, gobernadora (Larrea tridentata L.) y mostaza (Sinapis alba L.) adicionados con nanopartículas de óxido de silicio (SiO) y óxido de zinc (ZnO), sobre el crecimiento micelial y la esporulación de Fusarium acuminatum. Se utilizó el método de medio envenenado, se determinaron las concentraciones inhibitorias y el número de conidios. Los datos fueron analizados mediante un análisis probit, ANOVA y prueba de Tukey (p ≤ 0.05). Los resultados demostraron que los tratamientos de mostaza con ZnO tienen mejor efecto inhibitorio y en esporulación los tratamientos de gobernadora con SiO. Los extractos adicionados con nanopartículas son efectivos en el control in vitro de F. acuminatum.
Costo energético del cambio de la información cuántica mutua en un sistema de dos qubits
Authors: Ávila-Aoki Manuel , López-García María de Lourdes
Published: February 2024

Para evitar efectos no deseados donde se pierde la señal de los dos qubits (decoherencia), se considera un sistema de dos qubits expuestos a un reservorio común a muy bajas temperaturas. Se deriva una expresión para la Información Cuántica Mutua. Tal cantidad tiene una componente clásica y una componente estrictamente cuántica. Se halla el límite estrictamente cuántico donde las correlaciones cuánticas desaparecen. Al invocar la Primera Ley de la Termodinámica, se demuestra que el principio de conservación que subyace detrás de la ganancia (pérdida) de Información Cuántica Mutua será proporcional a la conservación de la energía interna del sistema a temperatura constante. En caso de ganancia (pérdida) de Información Cuántica Mutua el sistema tomará (cederá) energía interna de (hacia) los alrededores.
Fenología de moringa durante la etapa de vivero, en Maturín, Monagas, Venezuela
Authors: Romero-Marcano Guillermo Sabu , Silva-Acuña Ramón , Cañizares-Chacin Adolfo Enrique
Published: February 2024

Con el objetivo de describir las fenofases del cultivo de moringa en vivero, se instaló un ensayo en casa de cultivo. Se observaron dos etapas fenológicas: germinación y desarrollo de hojas. Se identificaron seis fenofases en la germinación: 1-Fase 00: Semilla seca; 2 y 3-Fases 05 y 06: Emisión de radícula y formación de pelos radiculares; 4- Fase 07: Formación del hipocótilo; 5 y 6- Fases 08 y 09: Crecimiento y emergencia del hipocótilo, ocurridas los primeros seis días después de la siembra (dds). La etapa de desarrollo de hojas en plántulas de moringa involucró ocho fenofases: 1- Fase 10: Apertura inicial y total de hojas cotiledonares, y 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 y 8- Fases 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16 y 17: correspondientes al desarrollo desde el primer hasta el séptimo par de hojas verdaderas, a los 10, 13, 18, 23, 31, 35 y 39 dds, respectivamente.
Investigating the Impact of Productivity on Surface Roughness and Dimensional Accuracy in FDM 3D Printing
Authors: Kónya Gábor
Published: February 2024

Over the past three decades, 3D printing technologies have undergone significant advancements, revolutionizing various industries, such as automotive. Additive manufacturing has played a crucial role in reducing product development time and enabling the direct printing of functional parts. One of the key advantages of additive manufacturing is its ability to provide greater design freedom compared to traditional manufacturing methods. This means that complex geometries and varying material properties can be easily printed. In this research paper, the author focused on investigating the impact of layer thickness and part orientation on the surface roughness and accuracy of printed parts. The main objective was to identify the optimal combination of layer thickness and part orientation that would yield the best results in terms of surface roughness and accuracy, considering printing time as a variable. The results from printing time, accuracy and surface roughness measurements showed that the vertical orientation is the superior for cylindrical orientation.
واقع توافر الإمكانيات المادية والبشرية لإنجاح المخيمات الكشفية المدرسية من وجهة نظر اصحاب القرار
Authors: Teacher .Dr. Haider Abdul Hussein Jassim
Published: February 2024

هدف البحث الى اعداد استبانة خاصة لتوافر الامكانيات المادية والبشرية من وجهة نظر القادة الكشفيين في العراق . والتعرف على مدى توافر الامكانيات المادية والبشرية لإدارة المخيمات الكشفية المدرسية من وجهة نظر القادة الكشفيين في العراق . قام الباحث بتحديد مجتمع بحثة من اصحاب القرار في العراق مديرية والنشاط الرياضي والكشفي في العراق حيث بلغ مجتمع البحث الحالي (378) من اصحاب القرار وتشكل نسبة 100% منهم والموزعين في مديريات والنشاط الرياضي والكشفي في العراق حيث اقتصر الباحث على وزارة التربية لكون العينة قريبة من الباحث اعتمد الباحث النسبة المئوية ( 50%) من مجتمع البحث الحالي بإخذ هذه النسبة بصورة عشوائية حيث بلغت عينة البحث الحالي (189)  من اصحاب القرار وقد تم الاعتماد على الطريقة العشوائية البسيطة (القرعة) في اختيار العينة ومن ثم تم تقسيم عينة البحث الحالية البالغة (189) الى (3) عينات ( استطلاعية – ثبات – تطبيق ) وابرز التوصيات ضرورة غرس الاخلاق والقيم التنظيمية لدى الطلبة من اجل فهم اهداف المخيمات الكشفية المدرسية بشكل صحيح من قبل الطلبة . ضرورة ان تكون الاهداف الموضوعة من قبل القائمين على ادارة المخيم الكشفي ان تكون واقعية ومفهومة بشكل صحيح .ضرورة ان يمتلك القائمين على ادارة المخيمات الكشفية يمتلكون رؤية مستقبلية واضحة عن تحقيق الاهداف للمخيم الكشفي .
SYSTEMIC APPROACHES TO RATIONAL MANAGEMENT OF FUNCTIONAL MARINE TECHNICAL SYSTEMS AND COMPLEXES
Authors: Nosov Pavlo (Павло Сергійович )
Published: February 2024

In the present era, the development of effective and safe management methods for marine technical systems and complexes (MTSC) is gaining particular importance. The article, considering the continuous progress of science and technology, proposes the development of a comprehensiveapproach to the rational management of functional MTSC, integrating scientific strategies, automation, and intelligent systems.The main goal of the research is to create a framework structure of comprehensive measures for managing MTSC in conditions of partial internal and external uncertainty, with a special emphasis on the human factor and ergonomics in management. A deep risk analysis is proposed, including a review of the evolution of risk assessment methods, from intuitive to scientifically substantiated strategies, and the implementation of automated and intelligent systems in the processes of managing MTSC risks.The work focuses on the importance of creating a structural model of information support for MTSC, including the identification of key components focused on risks, studying internal and external factors affecting MTSC, and developing mechanisms for their monitoring and analysis. Significant attention is paid to the development of a scheme for ensuring rational management of MTSC in conditions of partial uncertainty, with an emphasis on creating adaptive management strategies.The importance of developing an intelligent decision-making model for MTSC is emphasized, which includes a detailed analysis of methods for intelligent data analysis specific to ship technical systems, the implementation of machine learning for dynamic ship management, and the development of criteria for management rationality.Finally, the article highlights the need to refine the method for deriving the coefficient of rational management of MTSC, including the development of models of interaction between operators and technical means to optimize interfaces and train operators.Thus, a comprehensive approach to managing MTSC is proposed, integrating scientific strategies,automation, intelligent systems, ergonomics, and considering the importance of the human factor. This approach aims to increase the efficiency, speed, accuracy, and safety of managing MTSC, especially considering the importance of monitoring the actions of ship operators. Keywords:rational management; ship technical systems; automation and intelligent systems; risk management; ergatic aspects; human factor.
Assessing the Cultural Impact of the Equal Distribution Policy (EDIP) on iTaukei: A Blessing or a Curse?
Authors: Sakai Sevanaia
Published: February 2024

The iTaukei, or Indigenous people of Fiji, own 91 per cent of the land and makeup 57 per cent of the country’s multiracial population. Although critical in development discourses, these figures do not appear to translate into the development outcomes for the biggest landowners in the country. As it is, the 2019-2020 Household Income and Expenditure Survey (HIES) revealed that 75 per cent of those living below the Basic Needs Poverty Line were iTaukei, the highest of all the ethnic groups living in Fiji (Fiji Bureau of Statistics, 2021). This statistic challenges the previous government’s rhetoric: ‘We are leaving no one behind.’ In 2010, the Bainimarama government amended the Leases and Licenses Regulations of the Native Land Act (1961) to ensure equal distribution of lease money to members of landowning units (LOUs) who lease their lands. There were claims of social, economic, and cultural benefits made by the Bainimarama government that were endorsed by the iTaukei Native Land Trust Board (TLTB) to validate the amendments. This article critically examines the government’s claims concerning EDIP to protect customary practices. The discussions are based on empirical evidence from a case study that examines the implications of land law literacy on village governance, political affiliations and the well-being of iTaukei in Narewa, western Viti Levu.
Tanggung Jawab Negara Terhadap Kegiatan Agen Diplomatik Di Luar Misi Diplomatik Berdasarkan Hukum Internasional
Authors: Oktrina Faiha , Waryenti Deli , Muthia Arini Azka
Published: February 2024

Negara saling mengirimkan wakilnya ke negara lain untuk berdiplomasi, wakil negara tersebut disebut dalam Hukum Diplomatik sebagai ‘agen diplomatik’. Menurut Pasal 3 Konvensi Wina 1961, agen diplomatik memiliki misi diplomatik berupa: merepresentasikan pemerintah negara pengirimnya; melindungi warga negaranya ditempat ia diakreditasikan; mempromosikan negaranya; bernegosiasi; dan melaporkan semua tugas yang sudah dikerjakan kepada pemerintah negara asalnya. Namun, dalam praktiknya tak jarang terdapat agen diplomatik yang melakukan kegiatan di luar misi diplomatik. Studi ini menganalisis pertanggungjawaban negara terhadap agen diplomatik yang melakukan misi di luar tugas diplomatik berdasarkan Hukum Internasional dan implikasi hukum terhadap agen diplomatik yang melakukan misi di luar tugas diplomatik. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah penelitian hukum normatif dengan jenis pendekatan perundang-undangan, pendekatan kasus dan pendekatan doktrinal. Tanggung jawab dari negara pengirim agen diplomatik yang melanggar ketentuan Konvensi Wina 1961 terhadap negara penerima hanya dapat dilakukan sepanjang adanya keberatan dari negara tersebut karena merasa dirugikan. Hal ini disebabkan hukum diplomatik adalah hukum yang didasarkan oleh kesepakatan antara kedua belah negara yang menjalin hubungan diplomatik.
Tanggung Jawab Emiten Yang Delisting Terhadap Para Pemegang Saham Di Pasar Modal
Authors: Wahdania Sheila , Ganefi  , Sofyan Tito
Published: February 2024

Majunya perkembangan ilmu pengetahuan dan teknologi, berdampak pula pada berkembangannya perekonomian suatu Negara. Pesatnya perkembangan ekonomi terutama pada sektor keuangan menjadikan pasar modal sebagai salah satu sumber pembiayaan pada suatu perusahaan. Perusahaan yang terjun kedalam pasar modal merupakan perusahaan publik yang telah mekakukan penawaran umum efek di bursa efek. Salah satu risiko dalam penjualan di bursa efek melalui pasar modal adalah terjadinya penghapusan pencatatan saham (delisting). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaturan delisting dan tanggung jawab emiten yang delisting terhadap para pemegang saham di pasar modal. Metode penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah jenis penelitian yuridis normatif dan menggunakan metode pendekatan perundang-undangan dan pendekatan koseptual. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa tanggung jawab emiten yang delisting terhadap para pemegang saham di pasar modal diatur dalam Undang-Undang Pasar Modal, Undang-Undang Perseroan Terbatas dan Peraturan Otoritas Jasa Keuangan yang mengatur mengenai mekanisme pembelian kembali saham dan perlindungan hukum yang diberikan kepada investor atas tindakan kelalaian daripada emiten tersebut, berupa sanksi yang diberikan kepada emiten. Namun demikian dalam peraturan tersebut masih belum menjelaskan secara rinci bentuk tanggung jawab seperti apa yang seharusnya emiten berikan kepada investor. Guna mengatasi permasalah tersebut maka diperlukannya pengaturan yang jelas mengenai bentuk tanggung jawab emiten dan perlindungan hukum bagi investor akibat terjadinya delisting, supaya dapat memberikan kepastian hukum bagi investor.
Penerapan Hak Imunitas Anggota Keluarga Perwakilan Diplomatik Berdasarkan Konvensi Wina 1961
Authors: Kusman Sarah Mutiah , Waryenti Deli , Andika Tri
Published: February 2024

Pemberian hak imunitas pada anggota keluarga perwakilan diplomatik diperlukan untuk mempermudah diplomat dalam menjalankan misi diplomatiknya. Namun faktanya, anggota keluarga perwakilan diplomatik sering melakukan tindakan yang tidak sesuai dengan tujuan dari pemberian hak-hak tersebut. Berdasarkan kondisi latar belakang tersebut, rumusan masalah dalam penelitian ini yaitu mengenai pengaturan hak imunitas dan keistimewaan diplomatik anggota keluarga perwakilan diplomatik berdasarkan Konvensi Wina 1961 dan penerapannya berdasarkan kasus-kasus pelanggaran hak imunitas tersebut. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode hukum normatif dengan pendekatan undang-undang, konseptual dan kasus. Hasil penelitian yang didapatkan yaitu hak imunitas yang dimiliki oleh anggota keluarga perwakilan diplomaik adalah hak imunitas terhadap penahanan dan penangkapan, terhadap kediaman pribadi dan korespondensi, terhadap yurisdiksi kriminal negara penerima, kebebasan atas iuran dan pajak, kebebasan atas bea cukai, pajak, dan pungutan terkait barang yang berkaitan dengan misi diplomatik. Orang yang dapat menikmati hak imunitas dan keistimewaan diplomatik tersebut adalah pasangan, setiap anak kecil atau anak yang belum menikah yang tinggal bersama anggota misi / diplomat tersebut. Penerapan hak imunitas dan keistimewaan diplomatik ini dapat diberlakukan apabila memenuhi beberapa hal yaitu orang tersebut merupakan bagian dari rumah tangga dan tinggal bersama seorang pejabat diplomatik, menghormati hukum di negara penerima dan sedang menjalankan misi atau fungsi diplomatik
ENHANCING SENTIMENT ANALYSIS ACCURACY IN DELIVERY SERVICES THROUGH SYNTHETIC MINORITY OVERSAMPLING TECHNIQUE
Authors: Sri Anggraeni Setia , Andryana Septi
Published: February 2024

Paxel is one of the delivery services that use the application. On Google Play, there are more than 10 thousand users leaving reviews. From this review data, a sentiment analysis was then carried out to determine the level of user satisfaction with Paxel's services. The methods used in this study are Random Forest (RF) and Support Vector Machine (SVM), as well as applying Synthetic Minority Oversampling Technique (SMOTE) to overcome data imbalance. The results showed that the method testing by dividing the data into two, namely training data and testing data by 80:20, stated that by applying the SMOTE, a higher accuracy value was obtained, where the accuracy of the RF method reached 91%, and the SVM method reached 87%. The level of user satisfaction with Paxel services tends to be neutral. This can be seen in the classification of the RF method with F1-Score values for the Positive class 89%, Neutral class 93%, and Negative class 92%.
In A Woman's World: Gender, Vulnerability and Violence in Louise Mey's Les Ravagé(e)s
Authors: Gorman Ciara
Published: February 2024

This article proposes a tripartite examination of the interplay between gender and crime in Les Ravagé(e)s, a 2016 police procedural by French crime author Louise Mey, which tracks Inspector Alex Dueso's investigation of a series of brutal assaults on men across France. In the first section of this article, Dueso's displays of empowerment and authority in her role as a respected police officer are contrasted with her vulnerability to gender-based harassment from suspects and other agents of the police and justice systems. The nature of her policework, and her daily encounters with the consequences of gender-based violence for both men and women alike, are then considered for their exposition of the overlaps between multiple forms of violence committed by individuals, systems and the state under patriarchy. Finally, I examine Mey's use of a rape-revenge narrative in light of what Claire Henry describes as ‘the ethics of revenge’ (5), and thus interrogate the feminist potential of a novel that positions collective, extrajudicial, violent reprisals as acts of female solidarity and defence.
Development of a mini pig model of peanut allergy
Authors: Shakya Akhilesh Kumar , Backus Brittany , Nesovic Lazar D. , Mallick Malini , Banister Olivia , Davis Carla M. , Anvari Sara , Gill Harvinder Singh
Published: February 2024

Introduction

The prevalence of peanut allergies is increasing, emphasizing the need for an animal model to enhance our understanding of peanut allergy pathogenesis and to advance diagnostic tools and therapeutic interventions. While mice are frequently used as model organisms, their allergic responses do not fully mirror those observed in humans, warranting the exploration of a higher animal model. The porcine gastrointestinal system closely resembles that of humans, and exhibits allergy symptoms akin to human responses, making pigs a promising model for peanut allergy research.

Methods

In this study we compared two allergen sensitization protocols involving either topical allergen application after repeated tape stripping (TS) or intraperitoneal (IP) injections to induce peanut-specific allergy and anaphylaxis reactions in mini pigs. Mini pigs sensitized with a combination of peanut protein extract (PE) and cholera toxin (CT) through either the IP or the TS route.

Results

Sensitized pigs via both methods developed systemic PE-specific IgG and IgE responses. Following peanut challenge via the IP route, both TS- and IP-sensitized pigs displayed allergy symptoms, including lethargy, skin rashes, vomiting, and a drop in body temperature. However, respiratory distress was observed exclusively in pigs sensitized through the TS route and not in those sensitized through the IP route. However, it is noteworthy that both groups of sensitized pigs maintained peanut hypersensitivity for up to two months post-sensitization, albeit with a reduction in the severity of allergy symptoms. Importantly, both groups exhibited sustained levels of PE-specific IgG, IgE, and elevated concentrations of mast cell protease in their blood following the IP challenges.

Discussion

Overall, this study reports TS and IP as two different modes of sensitization leading to onset of peanut specific allergic reactions in mini pigs, but only the TS-sensitization led to systemic anaphylaxis (simultaneous presence of symptoms: breathing difficulty, intense skin rash, and impaired mobility). A distinctive feature of these sensitization protocols is the 100% success rate (N = 4 pigs per group) in sensitizing the subjects.
High mechanical property silk produced by transgenic silkworms expressing the Drosophila Dumpy
Authors: Dai Xiangping , Ye Xiaogang , Shi Liangen , Yu Shihua , Wang Xinqiu , Zhong Boxiong
Published: February 2024

Extensive research has been conducted on utilizing transgenic silkworms and their natural spinning apparatus to produce high-performance spider silk fibers. However, research on using non-spider biological proteins to optimize the molecular structure of silk protein and improve the mechanical performance of silk fibers is still relatively scarce. Dumpy, a massive extracellular matrix polypeptide, is essential for preserving the shape and structural integrity of the insect cuticle due to its remarkable tension and elasticity. Here, we constructed two transgenic donor plasmids containing the fusion genes of FibH-Dumpy and FibL-Dumpy. The results indicated the successful integration of two exogenous gene expression cassettes, driven by endogenous promoters, into the silkworm genome using piggyBac-mediated transgenic technology. Secondary structure analysis revealed a 16.7% and 13.6% increase in the β-sheet content of transgenic silks compared to wild-type (WT) silk fibers. Mechanical testing demonstrated that, compared to the WT, HDUY and LDUY transgenic silk fibers exhibited respective increases of 39.54% and 21.45% in maximum stress, 44.43% and 45.02% in toughness, and 24.91% and 28.51% in elastic recovery rate. These findings suggest that Drosophila Dumpy significantly enhanced the mechanical properties of silk, positioning it as an excellent candidate for the development of extraordinary-performance fibers. This study provides rich inspiration for using other biological proteins to construct high-performance silk fibers and expands the possibilities for designing and applying novel biomaterials.
Grasping knowledge, attitude, and perception towards monkeypox among healthcare workers and medical students: an Egyptian cross-sectional study
Authors: Amer Fatma A. , Nofal Hanaa A. , Gebriel Manar G. , Bedawy Aya M. , Allam Ayman A. , Khalil Hend E. S. , Elahmady Mohammed , Nofal Hagar , Saeed Maysaa A. , Shaltout Shaker Wagih , Behiry Ahmed , Attia Osama , Bahgat Shereen Mohamed , Ali Ahmed A. , Ahmed Fatma Mohammed , Abdelrahman Ahmed Mohammed , Hammad Noha M.
Published: February 2024

Background

Monkeypox (Mpox) is a re-emerging infectious disease representing a new global challenge. It poses a substantial threat to countries, particularly those with a low number of cases. Due to its popularity as a tourist destination and its proximity to many African refugees, Egypt is potentially at risk of Mpox importation. Therefore, effective disease management necessitates healthcare workers (HCWs) to possess adept knowledge, along with a positive attitude and behavior. The study aimed to assess the knowledge, attitude, and perception of Egyptian HCWs and medical students towards human Mpox.

Methods

The present cross-sectional study data was collected from participants between October and December 2022 via a questionnaire. The questionnaire comprised 31 questions in the knowledge section, 11 questions in the attitude section, and 14 in the perception section.

Results

The present study involved a total of 1,034 HCWs and medical students. It was found that 55.3% of the participants demonstrated adequate knowledge about Mpox, whereas 44.5% and 39.8% of the respondents exhibited favorable attitudes and perceptions towards the disease, respectively. Binary logistic regression analysis revealed that adequate knowledge was significantly observed in ages older than 40 years (p < 0.001), married participants (p < 0.001), and doctors (p < 0.001). The positive attitude was significantly observed among the male sex (p = 0.045), urban residents (p = 0.002), and nurses (p = 0.002). Conversely, married participants (p = 0.013), doctors (p < 0.001), and individuals employed in pharmacy and laboratory departments (p < 0.001) experienced an increase in positive perception.

Conclusion

Knowledge, attitude, and perception towards Mpox among Egyptian HCWs and medical students exhibit suboptimal levels. Addressing these gaps is crucial to controlling and effectively preventing disease transmission.
Assistance of next-generation sequencing for diagnosis of disseminated Bacillus Calmette-Guerin disease with X-SCID in an infant: a case report and literature review
Authors: Zhang Haiyang , Liao Yi , Zhu Zhensheng , Liu Hanmin , Li Deyuan , Wang Sisi
Published: February 2024

Bacille Calmette-Guérin (BCG) is a live strain of Mycobacterium bovis (M.bovis) for use as an attenuated vaccine to prevent tuberculosis (TB) infection, while it could also lead to an infection in immunodeficient patients. M.bovis could infect patients with immunodeficiency via BCG vaccination. Disseminated BCG disease (BCGosis) is extremely rare and has a high mortality rate. This article presents a case of a 3-month-old patient with disseminated BCG infection who was initially diagnosed with hemophagocytic syndrome (HPS) and eventually found to have X-linked severe combined immunodeficiency (X-SCID). M.bovis and its drug resistance genes were identified by metagenomics next-generation sequencing (mNGS) combined with targeted next-generation sequencing (tNGS) in blood and cerebrospinal fluid. Whole exome sequencing (WES) revealed a pathogenic variant in the common γ-chain gene (IL2RG), confirming X-SCID. Finally, antituberculosis therapy and umbilical cord blood transplantation were given to the patient. He was successfully cured of BCGosis, and his immune function was restored. The mNGS combined with the tNGS provided effective methods for diagnosing rare BCG infections in children. Their combined application significantly improved the sensitivity and specificity of the detection of M.bovis.
Neuromuscular manifestations of wild type transthyretin amyloidosis: a review and single center’s experience
Authors: Živković Sasha A. , Lacomis David , Soman Prem
Published: February 2024

Transthyretin amyloidosis (ATTR) is a condition defined by accumulation of insoluble transthyretin amyloid deposits in multiple organs, especially in the peripheral nerve and heart muscle. ATTR may result from transthyretin mutations (variant ATTR or ATTRv) or may occur with normal transthyretin genotype (wild type ATTR or ATTRwt). ATTRwt was previously known as “senile amyloidosis” and causes cardiomyopathy which may lead to heart failure with a preserved ejection fraction, affecting predominantly elderly men. The exact prevalence of ATTRwt in the general population remains unclear, but its occurrence may be underestimated in women. It was observed that a proportion of ATTRwt cardiomyopathy patients may develop slowly progressing neuropathy that is milder and indolent in comparison with typical progressive neuropathy associated with ATTRv. Furthermore, the causality of neuropathy is often uncertain in patients with ATTRwt. Neuropathy symptoms, including distal sensory loss, unsteadiness and (neuropathic) pain are common in elderly patients with multiple potential causes, and as ATTRwt patients are typically older, relatively high prevalence of peripheral neuropathy is expected with frequent comorbidities. Relatively high prevalence of ATTRwt in elderly population contrasts few documented cases of neuropathy caused by ATTRwt, and there is uncertainty whether ATTRwt neuropathy is an infrequent occurrence or a significant manifestation of multisystemic ATTRwt. We review neurologic and musculoskeletal manifestations of ATTRwt and present clinical features of a single center cohort of ATTRwt patients with suspected peripheral neuropathy.
Electronic medical record systems data use in decision-making and associated factors among health managers at public primary health facilities, Dodoma region: a cross-sectional analytical study
Authors: Kessy Eusebi Cornelius , Kibusi Stephen Mathew , Ntwenya Julius Edward
Published: February 2024

Background

Tanzania has shown some improvements in the adoption of electronic medical record (EMR) systems in public health facilities; however, the rate of utilization of data generated from EMRs among health managers is not well documented. This study aims to assess the use of electronic medical record systems data in decision-making among health managers at public primary health facilities in Dodoma Region, Central Tanzania.

Methods

A facility-based quantitative cross-sectional analytical study was conducted among 308 randomly selected health managers. A self-administered questionnaire supplemented with documentary review was used. Descriptive summary statistics and bivariable and multivariable logistic regression analyses (crude and adjusted odds ratios) were used. A P-value of <0.05 was used to declare statistically significant associations.

Results

Overall, more than a third (40.6%) of the health managers, that is 174 of the 308 included in the study, reported using data generated by EMR systems in decision-making. One-third (33.4%) of the health managers were adequately using data generated by EMR systems, of which 39.3% used data to support continuous quality improvement initiatives. Among the facilities visited, only nine (30%) had good documented EMR systems data use. Access to computers [adjusted odds ratio (AOR) = 4.72, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.65, 13.48, p-value (p) = 0.004] and discussions on EMRs during meetings (AOR = 2.77, 95% CI: 1.01, 7.58, p = 0.047) were independent predictors of EMR system data use. Those who reported having EMR systems in all working areas were seven times more likely to use EMR system data (AOR = 7.23, 95% CI: 3.15, 16.59, p = 0.001). The respondents with good perceived EMR system information quality were more likely to use EMR system data (AOR = 2.84, 95% CI: 1.50, 5.39, p = 0.001) than those with poor perception. Furthermore, health managers who had excellent knowledge of computers and data use had higher odds of using EMR system data (AOR = 1.84, 95% CI: 3.38, 10.13, p = 0.001) compared with their counterparts.

Conclusions

The findings of this study indicate that utilization of EMR system data in decision-making among health managers was optimal. It was found that training in itself is insufficient to improve use of EMR, which points to more organizational aspects of work routine as a challenge. Hence, a comprehensive approach that addresses these factors is essential for maximizing EMR system data use in decision-making.
Expression and localization of HPG axis-related genes in Carassius auratus with different ploidy
Authors: Xu Xiaowei , Yang Li , Deng Xinyi , Xiao Qingwen , Huang Xu , Wang Chongqing , Zhou Yue , Luo Xiang , Zhang Yuxin , Xu Xidan , Qin Qinbo , Liu Shaojun
Published: February 2024

Introduction

In the Dongting water system, the Carassius auratus (Crucian carp) complex is characterized by the coexistence of diploid forms (2n=100, 2nCC) and polyploidy forms. The diploid (2nCC) and triploid C.auratus (3n=150, 3nCC) had the same fertility levels, reaching sexual maturity at one year.

Methods

The nucleotide sequence, gene expression, methylation, and immunofluorescence of the gonadotropin releasing hormone 2(Gnrh2), Gonadotropin hormone beta(Gthβ), and Gonadotropin-releasing hormone receptor(Gthr) genes pivotal genes of the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal (HPG) axis were analyzed.

Results

The analysis results indicated that Gnrh2, follicle-stimulating hormone receptor(Fshr), and Lethal hybrid rescue(Lhr) genes increased the copy number and distinct structural differentiation in 3nCC compared to that in 2nCC. The transcript levels of HPG axis genes in 3nCC were higher than 2nCC (P<0.05), which could promote the production and secretion of sex steroid hormones conducive to the gonadal development of 3nCC. Meanwhile, the DNA methylation levels in the promoter regions of the HPG axis genes were lower in 3nCC than in 2nCC. These results suggested that methylation of the promoter region had a potential regulatory effect on gene expression after triploidization. Immunofluorescence showed that the localization of the Fshβ, Lhβ, and Fshr genes between 3nCC and 2nCC remained unchanged, ensuring the normal expression of these genes at the corresponding sites after triploidization.

Discussion

Relevant research results provide cell and molecular biology evidence for normal reproductive activities such as gonad development and gamete maturation in triploid C. auratus, and contribute to further understanding of the genetic basis for fertility restoration in triploid C. auratus.
MECP2-related disorders while gene-based therapies are on the horizon
Authors: Allison Katherine , Maletic-Savatic Mirjana , Pehlivan Davut
Published: February 2024

The emergence of new genetic tools has led to the discovery of the genetic bases of many intellectual and developmental disabilities. This creates exciting opportunities for research and treatment development, and a few genetic disorders (e.g., spinal muscular atrophy) have recently been treated with gene-based therapies. MECP2 is found on the X chromosome and regulates the transcription of thousands of genes. Loss of MECP2 gene product leads to Rett Syndrome, a disease found primarily in females, and is characterized by developmental regression, motor dysfunction, midline hand stereotypies, autonomic nervous system dysfunction, epilepsy, scoliosis, and autistic-like behavior. Duplication of MECP2 causes MECP2 Duplication Syndrome (MDS). MDS is found mostly in males and presents with developmental delay, hypotonia, autistic features, refractory epilepsy, and recurrent respiratory infections. While these two disorders share several characteristics, their differences (e.g., affected sex, age of onset, genotype/phenotype correlations) are important to distinguish in the light of gene-based therapy because they require opposite solutions. This review explores the clinical features of both disorders and highlights these important clinical differences.
Novel FOXL2 variants in two Chinese families with blepharophimosis, ptosis, and epicanthus inversus syndrome
Authors: Zhao Mingyu , Meng Xiaolu , Wang Jiaqi , Wang Tailing
Published: February 2024

Introduction: Blepharophimosis, ptosis, and epicanthus inversus syndrome (BPES) is a rare inherited disorder. This study was aimed to identify and functionally validate FOXL2 variants in two Chinese families with BPES.

Methods: The proband and his family members were subjected to whole-exome sequencing to identify disease-associated variants. Several bioinformatic tools were used to computationally predict altered proteins. In vitro functional assays were conducted by transfecting wild-type and mutant FOXL2 cDNAs into HEK-293 cells, followed by subcellular localization assays, luciferase reporter gene assays, and quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction.

Results: The clinical features of BPES, including small palpebral fissures, ptosis, telecanthus, and epicanthus inversus, were present in all affected patients. Two novel mutations were detected, c.292T>A and c.383G>T. Whole-exome sequencing analysis and prediction software suggested that these mutations were pathogenic. Functional studies showed that these two point mutations decreased FOXL2 protein expression, resulting in subcellular mislocalization and aberrant transcriptional activity of the steroidogenic acute regulatory protein gene promoter.

Conclusion: Our results add to the current understanding of known FOXL2 variants in, and our in vitro experiments provide reference data and insights into the etiology of BPES. Further studies are needed to identify the possible mechanisms underlying the action of this mutation on the development of BPES.