bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Protective effects of gallocatechin gallate against ultraviolet B induced skin damages in hairless mice
Authors: Sheng Yue-Yue , Xiang Jing , Lu Jian-Liang , Ye Jian-Hui , Chen Zi-Jiu , Zhao Jian-Wen , Liang Yue-Rong , Zheng Xin-Qiang
Published: January 2022

Epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) has the effect to protect skin from ultraviolet B (UVB) induced damages, but it is unstable under ambient conditions, being susceptible to become brown in color. Gallocatechin gallate (GCG), an epimer counterpart of EGCG, is more stable chemically than EGCG. The potential effects of GCG against UVB-induced skin damages has not been available. The objective of this study was to investigate the protective effects of GCG against UVB-induced skin photodamages. GCG was topically applied on the skin of hairless mice at three dosage levels (LL, 12.5 mg/mL; ML 25 mg/mL; HL, 50 mg/mL), with EGCG and a commercially available baby sunscreen lotion SPF50 PA+++ as control. The mice were then irradiated by UVB (fluence rate 1.7 µmol/m2 s) for 45 min. The treatments were carried out once a day for 6 consecutive days. Skin measurements and histological studies were performed at the end of experiment. The results show that GCG treatments at ML and HL levels inhibited the increase in levels of skin oil and pigmentation induced by UVB irradiation, and improved the skin elasticity and collagen fibers. GCG at ML and HL levels inhibited the formation of melanosomes and aberrations in mitochondria of UVB-irradiated skin in hairless mice. It is concluded that GCG protected skin from UVB-induced photodamages by improving skin elasticity and collagen fibers, and inhibiting aberrations in mitochondria and formation of melanosomes.
Scalable reaction network modeling with automatic validation of consistency in Event-B
Authors: Sanwal Usman , Hoang Thai Son , Petre Luigia , Petre Ion
Published: January 2022

Constructing a large biological model is a difficult, error-prone process. Small errors in writing a part of the model cascade to the system level and their sources are difficult to trace back. In this paper we extend a recent approach based on Event-B, a state-based formal method with refinement as its central ingredient, allowing us to validate for model consistency step-by-step in an automated way. We demonstrate this approach on a model of the heat shock response in eukaryotes and its scalability on a model of the $$\mathsf {ErbB}$$
ErbB
signaling pathway. All consistency properties of the model were proved automatically with computer support.
Carbohydrate antigen 125 and risk of heart failure readmissions in patients with heart failure and preserved ejection fraction
Authors: Miñana Gema , de la Espriella Rafael , Palau Patricia , Llácer Pau , Núñez Eduardo , Santas Enrique , Valero Ernesto , Lorenzo Miguel , Núñez Gonzalo , Bodí Vicente , Heredia Raquel , Sanchis Juan , Bayés-Genís Antoni , Chorro Francisco J. , Núñez Julio
Published: January 2022

We aimed to assess the association between CA125 and the long-term risk of total acute heart failure (AHF) admissions in patients with an index hospitalization with AHF and preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF). We prospectively included 2369 patients between 2008 and 2019 in three centers. CA125 and NT-proBNP were measured during early hospitalization and evaluated as continuous and categorized in quartiles (Q). Negative binomial regressions were used to assess the association with the risk of recurrent AHF admission. The mean age of the sample patients was 76.7 ± 9.5 years and 1443 (60.9%) were women. Median values of CA125 and NT-proBNP were 38.3 (19.0–90.0) U/mL, and 2924 (1590–5447) pg/mL, respectively. During a median follow-up of 2.2 (0.8–4.6) years, 1200 (50.6%) patients died, and 2084 AHF admissions occurred in 1029 (43.4%) patients. After a multivariate adjustment, CA125, but not NT-proBNP, was positively and non-linearly associated with the risk of cumulative AHF-readmission (p < 0.001). Compared to Q1, patients belonging to Q2, Q3, and Q4 showed a stepwise risk increase (IRR = 1.29, 95% CI 1.08–1.55, p = 0.006; IRR = 1.35, 95% CI 1.12–1.63, p = 0.002; and IRR = 1.62, 95% CI 01.34–1.96, p < 0.001, respectively). In conclusion, CA125 predicted the risk of long-term AHF-readmission burden in patients with HFpEF and a recent admission for AHF.
FOXO1 forkhead domain mutants in B-cell lymphoma lack transcriptional activity
Authors: Sablon Ariane , Bollaert Emeline , Pirson Constance , Velghe Amélie I. , Demoulin Jean-Baptiste
Published: January 2022

Somatic point mutations of the FOXO1 transcription factor were reported in non-Hodgkin lymphoma including diffuse large B-cell lymphoma, follicular lymphoma and Burkitt lymphoma. These alterations were associated with a poor prognosis and resistance to therapy. Nearly all amino acid substitutions are localized in two major clusters, affecting either the N-terminal region (Nt mutations) or the forkhead DNA-binding domain (DBD mutations). While recent studies have focused on Nt mutations, we characterized FOXO1 DBD mutants. We analyzed their transcriptional activity, DNA binding, phosphorylation and protein–protein interaction. The majority of DBD mutants showed a decrease in activity and DNA binding, while preserving AKT phosphorylation and interaction with the cytoplasmic ATG7 protein. In addition, we investigated the importance of conserved residues of the α-helix 3 of the DBD. Amino acids I213, R214, H215 and L217 appeared to be crucial for FOXO1 activity. Our data underlined the key role of multiple amino-acid residues of the forkhead domain in FOXO1 transcriptional activity and revealed a new type of FOXO1 loss-of-function mutations in B-cell lymphoma.
Scalp HFO rates decrease after successful epilepsy surgery and are not impacted by the skull defect resulting from craniotomy
Authors: Cserpan Dorottya , Gennari Antonio , Gaito Luca , Lo Biundo Santo Pietro , Tuura Ruth , Sarnthein Johannes , Ramantani Georgia
Published: January 2022

Epilepsy surgery can achieve seizure freedom in selected pediatric candidates, but reliable postsurgical predictors of seizure freedom are missing. High frequency oscillations (HFO) in scalp EEG are a new and promising biomarker of treatment response. However, it is unclear if the skull defect resulting from craniotomy interferes with HFO detection in postsurgical recordings. We considered 14 children with focal lesional epilepsy who underwent presurgical evaluation, epilepsy surgery, and postsurgical follow-up of ≥ 1 year. We identified the nearest EEG electrodes to the skull defect in the postsurgical MRI. We applied a previously validated automated HFO detector to determine HFO rates in presurgical and postsurgical EEG. Overall, HFO rates showed a positive correlation with seizure frequency (p < 0.001). HFO rates in channels over the HFO area decreased following successful epilepsy surgery, irrespective of their proximity to the skull defect (p = 0.005). HFO rates in channels outside the HFO area but near the skull defect showed no increase following surgery (p = 0.091) and did not differ from their contralateral channels (p = 0.726). Our observations show that the skull defect does not interfere with postsurgical HFO detection. This supports the notion that scalp HFO can predict postsurgical seizure freedom and thus guide therapy management in focal lesional epilepsy.
Large herbivores facilitate the persistence of rare taxa under tundra warming
Authors: Post Eric , Pedersen Christian , Watts David A.
Published: January 2022

Ecological rarity, characterized by low abundance or limited distribution, is typical of most species, yet our understanding of what factors contribute to the persistence of rare species remains limited. Consequently, little is also known about whether rare species might respond differently than common species to direct (e.g., abiotic) and indirect (e.g., biotic) effects of climate change. We investigated the effects of warming and exclusion of large herbivores on 14 tundra taxa, three of which were common and 11 of which were rare, at an inland, low-arctic study site near Kangerlussuaq, Greenland. Across all taxa, pooled commonness was reduced by experimental warming, and more strongly under herbivore exclusion than under herbivory. However, taxon-specific analyses revealed that although warming elicited variable effects on commonness, herbivore exclusion disproportionately reduced the commonness of rare taxa. Over the 15-year duration of the experiment, we also observed trends in commonness and rarity under all treatments through time. Sitewide commonness increased for two common taxa, the deciduous shrubsBetula nanaandSalix glauca, and declined in six other taxa, all of which were rare. Rates of increase or decline in commonness (i.e., temporal trends over the duration of the experiment) were strongly related to baseline commonness of taxa early in the experiment under all treatments except warming with grazing. Hence, commonness itself may be a strong predictor of species’ responses to climate change in the arctic tundra biome, but large herbivores may mediate such responses in rare taxa, perhaps facilitating their persistence.
Retraction Note: Exploring the potential effect of COVID-19 on an endangered great ape
Authors: Colchero Fernando , Eckardt Winnie , Stoinski Tara
Published: January 2022

This Article has been retracted; the Retraction Note is available at: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-00061-8.
PIP2 determines length and stability of primary cilia by balancing membrane turnovers
Authors: Stilling Simon , Kalliakoudas Theodoros , Benninghoven-Frey Hannah , Inoue Takanari , Falkenburger Björn H
Published: January 2022

Primary cilia are sensory organelles on many postmitotic cells. The ciliary membrane is continuous with the plasma membrane but differs in its phospholipid composition with phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisposphate (PIP2) being much reduced toward the ciliary tip. In order to determine the functional significance of this difference, we used chemically induced protein dimerization to rapidly synthesize or degrade PIP2 selectively in the ciliary membrane. We observed ciliary fission when PIP2 was synthesized and a growing ciliary length when PIP2 was degraded. Ciliary fission required local actin polymerisation in the cilium, the Rho kinase Rac, aurora kinase A (AurkA) and histone deacetylase 6 (HDAC6). This pathway was previously described for ciliary disassembly before cell cycle re-entry. Activating ciliary receptors in the presence of dominant negative dynamin also increased ciliary PIP2, and the associated vesicle budding required ciliary PIP2. Finally, ciliary shortening resulting from constitutively increased ciliary PIP2 was mediated by the same actin – AurkA – HDAC6 pathway. Taken together, changes in ciliary PIP2 are a unifying point for ciliary membrane stability and turnover. Different stimuli increase ciliary PIP2 to secrete vesicles and reduce ciliary length by a common pathway. The paucity of PIP2 in the distal cilium therefore ensures ciliary stability.
Applications of electrospun scaffolds with enlarged pores in tissue engineering
Authors: Zhang Yuangeng , Zhang Miaomiao , Cheng Duanrui , Xu Shixin , Du Chen , Xie Li , Zhao Wen
Published: January 2022

Pore diameter of scaffolds is a key factor limiting the application of electrospun scaffolds, and electrospun scaffolds with enlarged pores is widely used for various tissue regeneration.
Constructing a highly efficient “solid–polymer–solid” elastic ion transport network in cathodes activates the room temperature performance of all-solid-state lithium batteries
Authors: Ma Jiabin , Zhong Guiming , Shi Peiran , Wei Yinping , Li Kaikai , Chen Likun , Hao Xiaoge , Li Qidong , Yang Ke , Wang Chengrui , Lv Wei , Yang Quan-Hong , He Yan-Bing , Kang Feiyu
Published: January 2022

The crucial role of Li-ion transport efficiency in cathodes is revealed for the room temperature performance of all-solid-state lithium batteries and a highly efficient “solid–polymer–solid” elastic ion transport network is constructed in a cathode.
A new compound Mn5P4O20H8 achieving efficient heavy metal removal to the ppb level through a dual chemisorption–ion exchange pathway
Authors: Deng Mingxia , Liu Weijing , Liu Qian , Sun Du , Huang Fuqiang
Published: January 2022

As-synthesized new compound Mn5P4O20H8 show effective removal of heavy metal ions down to the mark of tolerance concentration (parts per billion level) from drinking water with synergistic pathway of surface hydroxyl group trapping and lattice ion-exchange.
Ultrasensitive and multiplex SERS determination of anthropogenic phenols in oil fuel and environmental samples
Authors: Eremina Olga E. , Kapitanova Olesya O. , Ferree Mariia V. , Lemesh Irina A. , Eremin Dmitry B. , Goodilin Eugene A. , Veselova Irina A.
Published: January 2022

SERS with molecular immobilization and resonant Raman amplification by complex-loaded enhancer (MIRRACLE) enables detection of hazardous phenolic pollutants down to nM concentrations in gasoline fuel and freshwater samples.
Tumor-targeted nano-delivery system of therapeutic RNA
Authors: Wang Maonan , Zhao Jingzhou , Jiang Hui , Wang Xuemei
Published: January 2022

An overview of the cellular fate of different RNAs, RNA-delivered drugs that have entered clinical trials, and a classification of nano-drugs in development.
Visible-light mediated cross-coupling of aryl halides with sodium sulfinatesviacarbonyl-photoredox/nickel dual catalysis
Authors: Jiang Shan , Zhang Zi-Tong , Young David James , Chai Lu-Lu , Wu Qi , Li Hong-Xi
Published: January 2022

The nickel-catalyzed arylsulfonylation of aryl bromides using 2-chloro-thioxanthen-9-one as a photoredox catalyst under visible light provided diaryl sulfones in moderate to excellent yields.
Readily available alkylbenzenes as precursors for the one-pot preparation of buta-1,3-dienes under DDQ visible-light photocatalysis in benzotrifluoride
Authors: Natarajan Palani , Chuskit Deachen , Priya
Published: January 2022

By using DDQ visible-light photocatalysis, an olefin-free method for the production of buta-1,3-dienes is disclosed. DDQ* converts alkylbenzenes to olefins and then olefins to buta-1,3-dienes in a consecutive manner.
Synthesis of spirocyclopropylpyrazole derivatives via the cascade reaction of alkylidenecyclopropanes with pyrazolidinones and trifluoroethanol
Authors: Shen Mengyang , Xu Yuanshuang , Zhang Xinying , Fan Xuesen
Published: January 2022

Presented herein is a novel synthesis of spirocyclopropylpyrazoles tethered with a trifluoromethyl unit through an unprecedented cascade reaction of alkylidenecyclopropanes with pyrazolidinones and trifluoroethanol.
Synthesis and characterization of naphthalene derivatives for two-component heterojunction-based ambipolar field-effect transistors complemented with copper hexadecafluorophthalocyanine (F16CuPc)
Authors: Chen Guangjin , Huo Xinwei , Ma Qingfang , Pan Qinghua , Fan Hanghong , Ma Wangjing , Fang Renren , Chen Ru , Gao Jianhua
Published: January 2022

Ambipolar OFET performance was obtained by adjusting two-component bilayer devices based on new naphthalene derivatives and F16CuPc.
A soft intelligent dressing with pH and temperature sensors for early detection of wound infection
Authors: Zhang Zhiyang , Su Rui , Han Fei , Zheng Zhiqiang , Liu Yuan , Zhou Xiaomeng , Li Qingsong , Zhai Xinyun , Wu Jun , Pan Xiaohua , Pan Haobo , Guo Peizhi , Li Zhaoyang , Liu Zhiyuan , Zhao Xiaoli
Published: January 2022

A soft intelligent dressing can monitor the changes of pH and temperature in the early stage of infection, which provides a possibility for wearable wound real-time monitoring.
Robust in situ exsolved nanocatalysts on perovskite oxide as an efficient anode for hydrocarbon fueled solid oxide fuel cells
Authors: Zhu Yaojie , Liu Tong , Wang Yao , Zhang Xiaoyu , Ren Cong , Li Wenlu , Wang Shimin
Published: January 2022

An in situ exsolved (Pr,Ba)Ox nanoparticle structure layered perovskite oxide anode can effectively promote the fuel oxidation reaction, enabling the significantly enhanced electrochemical performance and considerable stability.
Electrochemistry of new generation conformal polyaniline/carbon scaffolds with monodispersed nanopores and high capacitance
Authors: Ai Chengying , Chernyshova Irina V. , Gawron Erin L. , Ponnurangam Sathish , Birss Viola I.
Published: January 2022

A fully conformal polyaniline film was electrodeposited within a nanoporous carbon scaffold (NCS), maintaining its 3D interconnected pores while increasing its capacitance, ideally suited for capacitive deionization and ultrafiltration applications.
Acetylated pelargonidin-3-O-glucoside exhibits promising thermostability, lipophilicity, and protectivity against oxidative damage by activating the Nrf2/ARE pathway
Authors: Hao Xin , Xie Jiahong , Li Yuting , Chen Wei
Published: January 2022

Acetylated pelargonidin-3-O-glucoside exhibits promising thermostability, lipophilicity, and protectivity against oxidative damage by activating the Nrf2/ARE pathway.
Vestibular Rehabilitation Effectiveness for Adults With Mild Traumatic Brain Injury/Concussion: A Mini-Systematic Review
Authors: Schlemmer Erica , Nicholson Nannette
Published: January 2022

Objective:

Millions of people suffer from traumatic brain injuries every year with common sequelae, including dizziness, disequilibrium, compromised vision, and gait abnormalities. Individuals suffering a mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) or concussion may be prescribed bed rest, but for some, symptoms may persist and require different treatment options. The aim of this mini-systematic review was to synthesize the best available evidence regarding the effectiveness of vestibular rehabilitation therapy (VRT) as a treatment option for adults with mTBIs.

Method:

A systematic review of the literature was performed following the PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) guidelines. Search term concepts were VRT and mTBI. Records meeting the inclusion criteria were extracted from the following databases: PubMed and CINAHL. A manual search of reference lists identified additional studies. Inclusion criteria were (a) participants with mTBI/concussion characterized by dizziness, balance, and/or other vestibular symptoms; (b) VRT as the primary treatment; and (c) self-reported and/or performance-based outcome measures. Data were extracted using a standardized tool, and studies were critically appraised.

Results:

Five studies were included in the systematic review: one randomized controlled trial, two retrospective chart reviews, one pre-/post-intervention study, and one case series. Four of the five studies found VRT to be effective at reducing postconcussion symptoms after head injury. Self-reported measures were included in all studies; performance-based measures were included in four out of five studies. None of the studies reported adverse effects of intervention.

Conclusions:

Results suggest VRT is an effective treatment option for patients with persistent/lingering symptoms after concussion/mTBI, as demonstrated by self-reported and performance-based outcome measures. Results of this study emphasize the need for audiologists to be thoroughly familiar with VRT as an effective treatment for patients with persistent symptoms following mTBI.
A Randomized Controlled Trial Assessing the Effectiveness of the Háblame Bebé Mobile Application With Spanish-Speaking Mothers Experiencing Economic Hardship
Authors: Larson Anne L. , Baralt Melissa , Hokenson Joanna , Hammer Carol Scheffner , Barrett Tyson , DeVilbiss Nicole
Published: January 2022

Purpose:

This study examined the effectiveness of a standalone mobile application (app), Háblame Bebé, for use in real-world settings without supplemental human interaction to promote Spanish-speaking mothers’ language interactions with their young children and associated child bilingual (Spanish–English) language development.

Method:

Thirty-seven Spanish-speaking Latina mothers with lower incomes and their children were randomly assigned to experimental and wait-list control groups for 12 weeks. The experimental group was introduced to the app to learn how to provide language-promoting strategies in the home language and encouraged to use the app to track child vocabulary growth and overall development. Mother and child outcomes were measured before and after intervention via standardized assessments, direct observations, and parent report. Engagement and social validity data were also gathered.

Results:

No statistically significant differences were identified between experimental and control groups. However, looking at the magnitude of the difference between groups, child outcomes consistently favored the experimental group (
d =
0.2–0.4). Mothers reported high levels of acceptance of the intervention.

Conclusions:

Culturally and linguistically responsive app-based interventions have the potential to serve as a unique delivery model for speech-language pathologists and other professionals to share critical information on bilingual language development with parents of young children who are learning in a bilingual context. Clinical and research implications are discussed, including the consideration that low-intensity interventions may need to be paired with ongoing parent coaching.

Supplemental Material:

https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.18461585
Visual Analysis of Swallowing Efficiency and Safety (VASES): Establishing Criterion-Referenced Validity and Concurrent Validity
Authors: Curtis James A. , Borders James C. , Troche Michelle S.
Published: January 2022

Purpose:

The primary aim of this study was to examine the criterion-referenced validity of the Visual Analysis of Swallowing Efficiency and Safety (VASES). As a secondary aim, we examined the concurrent validity of using verbal numerical ratings for VASES as a potential substitute for visual analog scale ratings.

Method:

Fifty-seven novice raters were prospectively recruited to rate 26 flexible endoscopic evaluations of swallowing (FEES) images (2 times each, randomized)—once using VASES and once using a criterion-referenced scale. Ratings were made for the valleculae, piriforms, epiglottis, laryngeal vestibule, vocal folds, and subglottis. Criterion validity was determined by examining the correlation between VASES and the criterion-referenced scales. The novice raters also provided visual analog scale ratings following verbal numerical ratings. Concurrent validity of using verbal numerical ratings as a potential substitute for visual analog scale ratings was determined by examining the correlation and absolute agreement between both rating methods.

Results:

Three thousand five hundred eighty-seven ratings were analyzed. Spearman's correlation revealed strong correlations between VASES ratings and criterion-referenced ratings across all anatomic landmarks (ρ = .882–.915). Lin's concordance revealed substantial agreement between numerical ratings and visual analog scale ratings (ρ
c
= .986).

Conclusions:

The strong correlations between VASES and the criterion-referenced scales suggest that VASES is a valid method for interpreting pharyngeal residue, penetration, and aspiration during FEES. Furthermore, numerical ratings exhibited substantial agreement with visual analog scales. This suggests that clinicians could provide verbal numerical ratings in lieu of visual analog scale ratings as a potential way to enhance the ease and feasibility of implementing VASES into clinical practice.

Supplemental Material:

https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.18737072
Reliability and Efficiency of Pitch-Shifting Plug-Ins in Voice and Hearing Research
Authors: Yüksel Mustafa
Published: January 2022

Purpose:

Auditory feedback perturbation with voice pitch manipulation has been widely used in previous studies. There are several hardware and software tools for such manipulations, but audio plug-ins developed for music, movies, and radio applications that operate in digital audio workstations may be extremely beneficial and are easy to use, accessible, and cost effective. However, it is unknown whether these plug-ins can perform similarly to tools that have been described in previous literature. Hence, this study aimed to evaluate the reliability and efficiency of these plug-ins.

Method:

Six different plug-ins were used at +1 and −1 st pitch shifting with formant correction on and off to pitch shift the sustained /ɑ/ voice recording sample of 12 healthy participants (six cisgender males and six cisgender females). Pitch-shifting accuracy, formant shifting amount, intensity changes, and total latency values were reported.

Results:

Some variability was observed between different plug-ins and pitch shift settings. One plug-in managed to perform similarly in all four measured aspects with well-known hardware and software units with 1-cent pitch-shifting accuracy, low latency values, negligible intensity difference, and preserved formants. Other plug-ins performed similarly in some respects.

Conclusions:

Audio plug-ins may be used effectively in pitch-shifting applications. Researchers and clinicians can access these plug-ins easily and test whether the features also fit their aims.
Supporting Caregiver Coaching in Telepractice Through Web-Based Professional Development
Authors: Larson Anne L. , Romano Mollie , Meyers Christina , Eugenio Johanna , Olsen Sue T.
Published: January 2022

Purpose:

The COVID-19 pandemic caused a rapid shift in service delivery; hence, many speech-language pathologists (SLPs) were delivering services to children and families via telepractice without advanced notice or preparation. This clinical focus article describes a caregiver coaching approach that can be implemented through telepractice and the results of a professional development training designed to assist early intervention (EI) providers in quickly implementing the caregiver coaching model.

Method:

Twenty-five EI providers participated in web-based professional development trainings describing the components of a caregiver coaching approach to be used in telepractice. Participants completed pre- and posttraining surveys to report on their current knowledge of caregiver coaching and self-reported changes in their provision of caregiver coaching through telepractice.

Results:

Most participants were able to list, describe, and identify caregiver coaching strategies following training. All providers also described changes in their implementation of the caregiver coaching practices during interactions with children and families in telehealth sessions after receiving training.

Conclusions:

This clinical focus article provides information for SLPs on the implementation of caregiver coaching approaches as applied in telepractice, as well as preliminary evidence of the effectiveness for web-based professional development training to expand SLPs' knowledge and skills related to caregiver coaching in EI. Future research, including ongoing professional development and coaching to ensure fidelity in the implementation of this approach, is discussed, as well as recommendations to expand practice and research in the area of caregiver coaching in telepractice.
Health diagnosis of bus operation based on multi‐source data
Authors: Zhou Xuemei , Guan Zhen , Pang Yusong , Ji Xiangfeng , Lin Xiaodan
Published: January 2022

Based on the multi‐source data available for bus operations, this paper proposes a health diagnosis system for single‐line bus operation systems from two aspects: The operation efficiency and stability. Firstly, the index weight has been defined and calculated based on the Entropy Method. The composite index of bus operation has been obtained, and the health classification standards that pertain to efficient and effective bus operations have also been constructed (Very Healthy, Healthy, Sub‐Healthy, and Unhealthy). Secondly, the more efficient machine learning method has been used in order to establish the classification algorithm training set. The effect of the k‐Nearest Neighbour and Decision Tree Classification Model has also been compared and analysed in this particular study. Finally, a bus line in Foshan is taken as a case study to verify the effectiveness of the method. This paper can effectively improve the diagnosis efficiency and accuracy by introducing the artificial intelligence algorithm into bus operation diagnosis. It provides a foundation for the development of bus operation health diagnosis decision support system with the function of “bus disease” prevention and treatment.
Investigating characteristics of tsunami hazards for west coast of Aceh Besar district, Indonesia
Authors: Ibrahim  , Syamsidik  , Azmeri  , Hasan Muttaqin , Tursina
Published: January 2022

The seismic activities of a long section of the Sunda Plate revealed the vulnerability of the Indian Ocean to tsunami along the west coast of Sumatra, including on the west coast of Aceh Province. This megathrust caused the great tsunamigenic earthquake of 2004 and can be a possible candidate for rupture in the future and will affect or destroy everything, especially buildings along the coast. The west coast of Aceh Besar is one of the worst areas hit by tsunami waves and can cause tsunamis in the future. The objectives of this study are to determine the height, distance, and area of the tsunami inundation on the west coast of Aceh Besar District based on three earthquake magnitudes scenarios Mw 8.0, 8.5, and 9.2. The COMCOT (Cornell Multigrid Coupled Tsunami Model) tsunami model was used to obtain the height, area, and distance of the tsunami inundation. It was found that the largest tsunami inundation was caused by the tsunami generated by the magnitude Mw 9.2 earthquake. The maximum tsunami run up reached up to 20 meters with an inundation distance of 6 km from the coastline and a tsunami inundation area of 40 km2distributed along the west coast of Aceh Besar District.
The synergy between government institutions in clean water preparedness for earthquake and tsunami disaster management in Banda Aceh City
Authors: Arifin M. , Dirhamsyah M. , Nizamuddin
Published: January 2022

Synergy is coordination and cooperation between groups of people in order to achieve an efficient goal. An example of a synergy is the synergy between government agencies to improve access to clean water in relation to disaster management. This study aims to describe the synergy between Indonesia’s government agencies to improve access to clean water in relation to disaster management, determine the factors that affect the synergy, and recommend a synergy model. The study was conducted through a qualitative approach. Data were collected through in-depth interview with the heads of government agencies that had a duty to improve access to clean water, observation, and literature review. The data analysis technique was triangulation technique. The results of this study was that the synergy between the government agencies had not run well due to several inhibiting factors that were inefficient planning, overlapping work division, and no evaluation.
Rock slope kinematic analysis for planar failure: A probabilistic approach
Authors: Rusydy Ibnu , Mulkal Mulkal , Baramsyah Haqul , Ahmadian Hendri , Hussin Hamzah , Al-Huda Nafisah , Marwan Marwan
Published: January 2022

The probabilistic kinematic analysis for rock slope has been conducted on one slope along USAID road in Aceh Province, Indonesia. This research aims to develop the modelled probability density function (PDF) and determine the probabilistic of planar failure occurrence (Pop). The geometry of discontinuity planes (dip and dip directions) and slope geometry (slope angle and slope face) were collected from our previous study. One slope with planar failure criteria was selected. The Monte Carlo simulations were performed in generating 100 new random values in 100 time iterations to produce modelled PDFs for the geometry of discontinuity plans based on statistical parameters of field observed data. The probabilistic of each experimental PDFs were computed to produce the probabilistic of planar failure occurrence. The result reveals that the distribution of dip and dip directions for experimental PDFs are considered Beta and Normal distributions. The statistical parameters produced in the model are almost likely similar to observed data. It means the model that was developed are reliable and conscientious. The rule ofΦ < βj < βsand dip directions (αj) within ±20° to slope face (αs) are utilised as the boundaries to calculate the probabilistic of planar failure occurrence (Pop) which revealing 0.26.
Strengthening capacity study of reinforced concrete school building structure in Banda Aceh toward earthquakes and tsunami hazards
Authors: Istiqamah Putri , Humayra Siti , Huzaim
Published: January 2022

Banda Aceh City was a high level areas of the earthquake and tsunami damage that occurred in 2004. Building damage prevention can be done by planning earthquake-resistant school building structures. The rebuilding needs to be reviewed for its capacity structure because of the high risk building location of earthquake and tsunami hazards. This study aims to determine the behavior and capacity of the school building structure using the earthquake and tsunami scenario in 2004 in Banda Aceh. Capacity analysis by column enlargement of the existing building is one of the research variables. Earthquake load refers to data from the Sumatera-Andaman earthquake on December 26, 2004 and tsunami load refers to FEMA P646. Two typical school buildings were taken from data recapitulation of 100 buildings survey, namely SDN 48 and SDN 8, which represented the overall typical school building in Banda Aceh. This study uses the pushover analysis method on the SAP2000 software. Based on the capacity curve, the value of displacement in the x-y directions in the existing building are greater than the column variation building at SDN 48 and SDN 8. While the shear force value in the existing building are smaller than the column variation building. This shows that with the addition of column dimensions, the cross-sectional area gets bigger and affects the capacity of the building structure.
Study of vulnerability three-story school buildings with reinforced concrete construction in Banda Aceh to earthquake and tsunami hazards
Authors: Amalia Natasya , Yushar  , Yursilla Winda
Published: January 2022

The city of Banda Aceh is an area located between two active faults, namely, the Aceh segment and the Seulimuem fault. In 2004, an earthquake measuring 9.3 on the Richter Scale rocked the city of Banda Aceh, followed by a tsunami on the Burma Plate. As a result, almost all school buildings were damaged. This study aims to determine the vulnerability of school buildings in Banda Aceh City to earthquake and tsunami hazards from the capacity of the building structure, so that the level of damage is obtained from the developed fragility curve. The object of this research is a typical three-story reinforced concrete school building, namely the private school of Budi Dharma and the national school of SD Negeri 50 in Banda Aceh City. The research was conducted by means of a field survey to collect data on the structure of the school building. The data consists of building data, material quality and building dimensions. Then the loadings are inputted into the SAP2000 program in the form of dead loads, live loads, earthquake loads consisting of the USGS earthquake recording and an estimated map of the Indonesian earthquake, and tsunami loads in 2017. Then pushover analysis was used to get the level of damage from the capacity curve to see the probability percentage comparison. In addition, the large value of Sa is equal to the percentage of probability as the level of damage to the building which was influenced by the building of the private school of Budi Dharma that was established before the tsunami on December 26, 2004. We concluded that the greater the value of the height of the tsunami inundation is equal to the level of light, medium, heavy and total damage, at the building of the national school of SD Negeri 50, Banda Aceh as the value of the deviation between the floors of the building from the tsunami load.
Post-disaster reconstruction in the rural-urban fringe following the Great East Japan Earthquake
Authors: Muroi Kenji
Published: January 2022

Although many studies have been conducted since the Great East Japan earthquake, most have focused only on recovery processes in particular affected areas. However, southern Miyagi Prefecture belongs to the rural-urban fringe of the Sendai Metropolitan Area; hence, disaster reconstruction in this area is closely related to the urban system and long-term land development. Based on these ideas, this paper explores the interaction between wider social trends and the disaster reconstruction process. The results indicate that disaster reconstruction in this area was an extension and acceleration of existing social trends such as “selection and concentration” and “intensification of agricultural competitiveness” as a whole. However, there is a unique agricultural land-use system and related community organization rooted in the peculiar history and environmental conditions of this area. Existing disaster reconstruction policies do not pay sufficient attention to such historical contexts, which has caused several conflicts and problems. Disaster studies should pay careful attention to such tensions between wider political trends and local historical contexts while focusing on land-use changes.
Analysis of village owned enterprises (BUMDes) financial performance before and during COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Fuadi Raida , Linda  , Batara Gamal , Sari Nurma
Published: January 2022

COVID-19 outbreak had brought a significant impact on economic dynamics in Indonesia, including rural economy. Rural economy continues to decline which is marked by an increase in the poverty rate and a decrease in the purchasing power of rural communities. This study aims to analyseBUMDesfinancial performance before and during COVID-19 pandemic in Banda Aceh city.BUMDesor Viilage-owned Enterprises are village business institutions managed by village’s community and village’s government in order to strengthen the village economy based on needs and potential of the village. The indicators of financial performance used in this study are sales and the ability ofBUMDesto pay their debts. This study uses primary data. The population are managers ofBUMDeslocated in Banda Aceh city. The sampling method used in this study is random sampling. Analysis of differential test betweenBUMDesfinancial performance before and during COVID-19 pandemic is performed using paired sample t-test. The financial performance variables are sales turnover and liquidity.BUMDessales turnover is measured by the number of sales, whileBUMDesliquidity is measured byBUMDesability to pay salaries and also BUMDes ability to pay operational debts. The results show that there is a significant difference between the number of sales before COVID-19 pandemic and the number of sales during COVID-19 pandemic. The descriptive statistics shows that the average sales before COVID-19 was higher than the average sales during COVID-19 pandemic. This significant difference is indicated by a p-value < 0.05, which is 0.05. Meanwhile,BUMDesability to pay its employees’ salaries andBUMDesability to pay debts are not significant, because the p-values > 0.05, which are 0.83 and 0.25 respectively. The descriptive statistics shows that the averageBUMDesability to pay debts before COVID-19 pandemic was higher than the average ability to pay debts during COVID-19 pandemic.
Assessing knowledge creation process: A case of the National Disaster Management Agency of Gambia
Authors: Saneh Mbassi , Rahman Alfi , Munadi Khairul
Published: January 2022

The Disaster Risk Management policy and strategy of Gambia’s National Disaster Management Agency (NDMA) have technical challenges and require knowledge creation to enhance capacities to lessen the adverse effect of risks and probabilities of disasters in The Gambia. Also, limited or no resources and leadership support to knowledge creation. The research aimed to assess the current condition of knowledge creation process in NDMA on socialisation-sharing experiences from tacit knowledge, externalisation-voicing tacit to explicit, combination-structuring explicit, and internalisation-expressing explicit to tacit (SECI) and role of leadership in the knowledge creation process. Detailed interviews, questionnaires, and WhatsApp call employed with four questions targeted five staff informants from NDMA and eight partner institutions with one informant from each. The research adopted a qualitative case study and content analysis to analyse the data using Voyant tools looking at the subject and concept. The research found that SECI has unearthed NDMA strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, threats, and leadership bureaucracy coupled with fear factors to build capacities leading to coup d’état for positions. Therefore, SECI has been unnoticed and uncoordinatedly implemented from “Happy Corner” with experiential knowledge and the National Platform for disaster risk reduction (DRR).
Towards sustainable cities and communities: Is psychological preparedness include in the disaster risk reduction policy framework in Indonesia
Authors: Setyo Palupi Listyati
Published: January 2022

Indonesia geographical location that surrounded by Australia plate, Pacific plate, and Eurasia plate has made the country exposed to disasters. Natural hazard that often happen in Indonesia are flood, volcanic eruption, earthquake, landslide, land fire, cyclone, extreme wave. The impact of disaster was devastating economically, socially and psychologically for affected community as well for the whole nation. Indonesia National Disaster Management Authority (NDMA) has noted that average losses caused by disaster is 30 trillion rupiah per year. Studies found that preparing individual to face disaster could help to reduce the impact of the disaster. However, the effort is still not enough and yet Indonesia is still suffering a great loss due to disasters. The disaster preparedness program that was available was mostly focused in technically prepare people and neglect the importance of psychologically prepare people to face disaster. The purpose of the study is to analyse current disaster risk reduction policy framework in Indonesia, examine whether the current policy framework has address and includes psychological preparedness for disaster and propose a solution for designing appropriate policy to reduce psychological impact of disaster.
The impact of widespread covid-19 on small business venture in Aceh province: a recuperation strategy from entrepreneurs’ point of view
Authors: Chan Syafruddin , Asni Kurnia
Published: January 2022

This study aims to analyse the real impact of the COVID-19 pandemic for small businesses and what recuperation strategy needs to be implemented from the perspective of business owners including opportunities for using digital business technology and what the business owner expects from government to help the recover. This research was conducted using a quantitative descriptive method. Data collected using online questionnaires, through various MSBE communities in Aceh. 150 questionnaires distributed using non-probability sampling. In addition, several interviews with respondents were conducted to gain insight into the impact of covid-19 on their business. The spread of Covid-19 did have a negative impact on the small businesses that were respondents in this study. The biggest impact is the decline in sales because the demand for its products and services is decreasing. As a result, employers did the downsizing of by decreasing their business scale, and laying off employees. Entrepreneurs also ask for debt restructuring in banking institutions to reduce pressure on the declining cash in the company. At the same time, companies are starting to use technology to enter digital businesses, including joining online applications and selling in e-markets more intensively.
Do pandemic COVID 19 and business cycle influence the Indonesia composite index?
Authors: Seftarita Chenny , Ferayanti  , Fitriyani  , Diana Asri
Published: January 2022

The impact of the Covid 19 pandemic on the Indonesian economy was worse than the impact of the global financial crisis in 2008. We can see the business cycle from the contraction of economic growth, volatility of the exchange rate, and inflation. The shocks to these business cycles could create systemic risks and influence financial system stability. Financial system stability is more sensitive to shocks from changes in one of the macroprudential indicators, namely the Indonesia Composite Index (ICI). This study will examine the effect of the Covid 19 pandemic and the business cycle on ICI. This research was conducted in Indonesia using quarterly secondary data from 2008-2021. The data was obtained from Bank Indonesia. The model used is the Auto Regressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) model. The purpose of using this model is to see the long-term and short-term relationships between the variables studied. The results show that the Covid 19 pandemic and business cycle variables such as; economic growth, exchange rate, and inflation have a relationship on the ICI both in the short and long term. The decline in economic growth during a crisis is difficult to avoid. However, the government must continue to accelerate the economic growth so it does not decline sharply during the crisis. Monetary authorities must also maintain exchange rate stability and inflation so it does not fluctuate unsteadily.
Economic fluctuations and monetary policy on the stock market during the COVID-19 pandemic in Indonesia
Authors: Suriani  , Nasir Muhammad , Ernawati
Published: January 2022

The purpose of this study is to examine the stock market’s resiliency in the face of economic fluctuations and a crisis caused by the COVID-19 outbreak. using monthly data from 2011 to 2020 and an error correction model with the Composite Stock Price Index (conventional stock market system) and the Jakarta Islamic Index (Islamic stock market system) as dependent variables and policy interest rates, exchange rates, inflation, and crises as independent variables. In both stock market models, the regression results reveal that there is a short-term to long-term equilibrium relationship. Interest rates set by policymakers and crisis variables have a detrimental impact. In the long run, the exchange rate has a beneficial effect, and inflation has no influence on the two stock markets. In the short run, the findings in both markets are nearly identical, meaning that inflation and policy interest rates have little influence, whereas exchange rates have a negative impact. The crisis, on the other hand, had no impact on the JCI stock market. The crisis had a positive impact on the JII stock market, unlike the JII stock market. These findings are significant because they reveal a distinction that leads to a significant increase in the number of investors who believe it is safe to invest in the Islamic stock market in the short term, notwithstanding the crisis.