bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Development of the Enhanced Degree Course at Sheffield City Polytechnic — B.Sc. (Hons) Manufacturing Systems Engineering
Authors: Andrews C. W.
Published: May 2015

The paper describes the background to the establishment of enhanced degree courses and the specific features in the design and development of the Sheffield Course. Structure and curriculum are discussed and special reference made to Language Studies.
Low-Cost Silicon Device Fabrication in Degree Courses
Authors: Morant M. J.
Published: May 2015

Student interest in degree-level courses on silicon devices and microelectronics can be greatly increased by laboratory work on device fabrication. In teaching, yield and chip sophistication are not important, and homemade or second-hand processing equipment is adequate. Various approaches to device fabrication and the related measurements are described in this paper.
A Sample Survey of Departments of Electrical Engineering to Ascertain the Aims, Objectives and Methods of Assessing First-Year Undergraduate Laboratory Work in Electronic and Electrical Engineering
Authors: Carter G. , Lee L. S.
Published: May 2015

The results of a questionnaire survey to determine the aims and objectives of laboratory studies, the modes of study and assessment styles in electrical engineering undergraduate courses in British universities are presented. It is shown that little change has occurred since a similar, but narrower, survey was made eight years ago.
Efficient Computer-Based Teaching through Task Syndication
Authors: McCorkell C. , Wilson R. N.
Published: May 2015

Attempts to include Computer-Aided Design and Computer-Assisted Learning facilities in a substantial way into undergraduate teaching lead inevitably to a consideration of appropriate (efficient) methods of instruction. A method based on syndication of tasks, used at Ulster Polytechnic, is described. The method has been found particularly useful in teaching System Dynamics and Control.
Analog and Digital Synchronous Detection
Authors: Aitken G. J. M.
Published: May 2015

The parallel development of analog and digital synchronous detection systems makes an effective classroom demonstration of how two quite different implementations can achieve the same objective. Some suggestions for student exercises are given.
The Shielding Effect of a Conducting Tube
Authors: Warner G. , Anderson R.
Published: May 2015

An experimental case study is described concerning the induction of eddy currents in a solid drawn conducting tube and how these eddy currents shield the interior of the tube from the sources outside it. Agreement between theoretical and practical results is considered good and sufficient detail is given for the study to be of immediate in-course use.
An Illustrative Experiment with a Single-Phase Induction Regulator
Authors: Ma W. F.
Published: May 2015

A three-phase wound rotor induction motor is modified advantageously as a single-phase induction regulator so that a physical conception of the fundamental principles related to the induced e.m.f.s, balance of m.m.f.s and distribution of windings, which are pertinent to the study of induction machines, can be grasped through experimental observation.
Engineering Education for the Community
Authors: Bryce Paul
Published: May 2015

Degree course syllabus' have traditionally been decided by knowledge-based aims, to include underlying scientific concepts and current practice within specialities. General aims are not so easily accommodated. This paper describes an attempt to specifically fulfil more general aims through community-oriented individual projects, with particular reference to a small-scale hydroelectric scheme.
Teaching Computer Architectural Concepts Using Interactive Digital System Simulation
Authors: Walker A. J.
Published: May 2015

Many of the problems which arise in the teaching of computer engineering can be avoided by using digital system simulation. In this contribution an interactive minicomputer-based digital system simulator is described which enables students to design and effectively evaluate simple computer architectures.
Poynting's Theorem without Tears
Authors: Rhoderick E. H.
Published: May 2015

A new approach to Poynting's Theorem is outlined which attempts to develop the argument in a more natural order than is usually done, and in the context of a real physical situation.
The Computation of the Alternating Torque of an A.C. Machine
Authors: Willems J. L.
Published: May 2015

In this note it is explained why there is no generally valid relationship between It*GI and the alternating torque of an a.c. machine in steady state; however, it is shown that this alternating torque can systematically be derived from the complex quantity ItGI.
A Review of Harmonics in Power Systems
Authors: Kendall P. G.
Published: May 2015

The paper reviews the subject of harmonic distortion from the point of view of the power engineer. It considers in this context the meaning of harmonics, what causes them, how they flow in the power system, why they are important and how they may be measured. Some unresolved questions related to the setting of limits are also discussed.
The Effects of System Harmonics upon Machines
Authors: Williamson A. C.
Published: May 2015

The paper reviews the effects upon conventional machines of departure from sinusoidal of supply voltage waveform. The effects upon loss and torque are considered.
Harmonic Monitoring
Authors: Arrillaga J.
Published: May 2015

This is a concise review of the monitoring equipment and experience available to obtain information of harmonic frequencies from power systems. It includes the response of power transducers, a comparison of analogue and digital processing equipment and a discussion on the interpretation of monitored information.
Developments in Computer Aided Circuit Design
Authors: Boardman D. , Ibbitson I. R.
Published: May 2015

This paper relates the evolution of computer-aided circuit design (CACD) to the requirements of the circuit design engineer and analyses the techniques employed to gain a greater acceptance of computer-based circuit design. Great emphasis is placed on using the full capabilities of the computer in terms of analysis and graphical interaction at the man-machine interface.
An Undergraduate Course in Real-Time Computer Systems
Authors: Bradlow H. S.
Published: May 2015

This paper describes a new course at the University of Cape Town aimed at teaching the principles and practices of real-time computer systems to undergraduate engineering students. The course requires students to undertake a practical project, involving a real-time control task, on a realistic process control computer system.
Spectrum Display in Teaching Communications
Authors: Daly P. , Marston P. C.
Published: May 2015

Communication systems concepts are taught using modular units together with oscilloscope and novel spectrum display which incorporates a custom-built spectrum analyser circuit board and a minicomputer. A complete stereo transmit/receive unit is implemented with spectrum display made possible simply and economically.
Synchronous Machine Modelling
Authors: Ramshaw R. S. , Xie G.
Published: May 2015

A historical review of synchronous machine modelling is categorized by the (i) classical theory; (ii) generalised theory; (iii) circuit representation; (iv) phasor diagram representation; (v) flux linkage form and the (vi) operational network form. Perspective is given in relation to the wide application of modelling.
Frequency Modulation Spectrum Display in an Undergraduate Laboratory
Authors: Daly P.
Published: May 2015

An earlier article1 describes the use of a minicomputer to display real-time, discrete spectra of harmonic and amplitude modulated waveforms. The frequency display, being logarithmic (1/3 octave), is unsuitable for the display of frequency modulation. The present article discusses the innovations and software packages required to convert the display to a linear frequency mode and its implementation into a teaching experiment.
Future Trends in the Teaching of Electronics at Regional Engineering Colleges in Developing Countries
Authors: Bandopadhyaya T. K.
Published: May 2015

To cope with the exponential growth of knowledge in the field of electronics, a broad-based core curriculum with suitable elective is suggested. The structure of electronics courses in regional engineering colleges in India designed to meet this requirement is discussed.
Laboratory Experiments Incorporating a Solid State Induction Heating Power Source
Authors: Hobson L.
Published: May 2015

A laboratory-scale static inverter has been constructed and design details given. Experiments have been developed to demonstrate fundamental concepts in electrical instrumentation, circuit theory, and power electronics, but the unit can also illustrate induction heating and melting which are established industrial processes often neglected in engineering courses.
The Effect of Question Choice on the Reliability of an Examination
Authors: James C. , Hub D. R.
Published: May 2015

Over 750 scripts were analysed to see how the order in which students answered questions could affect their mark. It is suggested that the wrong choice of questions is made on up to about 35% of occasions and that subsequent mark deficiency could be as high as 4.2 marks.
Determination of Shunt Compensation for an E.H.V. Transmission Line
Authors: Indulkar C. S. , Viswanathan B.
Published: May 2015

In this paper a method of determining the necessary shunt compensation at the load-end of a transmission line to maintain the load voltage at a fixed percentage of the sending-end voltage is presented.
Classical Analysis of Control Systems Using the Smith Chart
Authors: Luhanga M. L. , Mwandosya M. J.
Published: May 2015

The Smith chart has traditionally been used as a graphical aid in transmission line calculations. This paper shows how the Smith chart may be used to obtain important parameters in control systems analysis.
Standard Specification Illustrates Bandpass Filter Theory
Authors: Sutcliffe H.
Published: May 2015

Standard specifications for testing interference define characteristics of bandpass filters in a form providing an excellent basis for learning useful concepts. An example introduces time-frequency domain relations, bandpass-lowpass relations, transform methods, convolution and a comparison between impulse responses of idealised and real bandpass filters.
The Impulse, Frequency Response and Transfer Functions
Authors: Peters J. M. H.
Published: May 2015

Three mathematical characterisations of linear systems are discussed with the aim of clarifying their interrelations and role in predicting responses to given stimuli.
A Technique Simplifying the Solution of Some Field Problems
Authors: Bowden A. L. , Reed J. R.
Published: May 2015

The solutions to simple classical problems are used to aid the solution of more difficult problems. The technique is particularly useful in the calculation of Green's and influence functions.
An Educational Experiment: A Creativity Exercise Based on a Group of Tests
Authors: Eguíluz Luis I. , Sánchez Paulino B.
Published: May 2015

This paper describes an educational experiment in which we have made use of objective tests. The novelty of the experiment lies in the application of the multiple choice tests — whose main disadvantage is that they give no scope for creativity — to encourage originality in the student.
Analytical Modelling of Small Packet Voice Systems
Authors: Luhanga M. L. , Stern T. E.
Published: May 2015

The activity of N speakers accessing a packet voice concentrator has usually been modelled as an N-state Markov birth-death process. The Markovian model is not very accurate when N ≤ 10. In this article we use a three-state single speaker model in setting up an analytical model of a small packet voice system.
Autonomous and Parallel Operation of Self-Excited Induction Generators
Authors: Watson D. B. , Milner I. P.
Published: May 2015

A simplified model is used to describe the parallel operating characteristics of self-excited induction generators. Experimental results are presented for two single-phase machines when driven at different speeds, parallel connected to a common excitation capacitor and resistance load.
Phase Lead Compensation Using the Smith Chart
Authors: Luhanga M. L. , Mwandosya M. J.
Published: May 2015

This paper presents a new technique for designing series phase lead compensation using the Smith chart. The method avoids the trial and error procedures of design methods based on the root-locus plot or the Bode diagram.
A New Component Method for Fault Analysis in Three Phase Power Systems
Authors: Chhalotra G. P. , Tiwari S. C.
Published: May 2015

A new component method is developed to solve unbalance problems in power systems by substituting θ = 45° in Park's Transformation. Interconnection of sequence components network to simulate various shunt and series faults are obtained. The interconnected networks are similar to those obtained by symmetrical component transformation without any phase shifters.
A Laboratory Investigation into the Measurement of Optical Fibre Parameters
Authors: Owens A.
Published: May 2015

An undergraduate experiment, of approximately six hours duration, is presented, in which the refractive index profile of a graded index fibre is measured using the near-field scanning method. The numerical aperture is obtained from far-field measurements and the core and cladding diameters are measured directly using an optical bench microscope and stage micrometer.
Computerised Signal Processing Systems
Authors: Armstrong R. , Livingstone B.
Published: May 2015

The article describes a computerised signal processing system using a storage oscilloscope and a minicomputer, linked by an IEEE bus, which can be used both as a practical and educational tool. Results demonstrate F.F.T., spectral resolution, auto-correlation and power spectral density. A copy of the programme can be made available.
Packet Error Probability for Diversity Systems in Slow Rayleigh Fading and Gaussian Noise
Authors: Luhanga Matthew L.
Published: May 2015

Analytical results on packet error probability for noncoherent frequency-shift-keying (NCFSK) and differential phase-shift-keying (DPSK) systems with diversity reception operating over slow Rayleigh fading channels with Gaussian noise are derived. Expressions obtained are applicable to two linear combining schemes: selection combining and maximal-ratio combining.
A Self-Excited Single-Phase Synchronous Generator
Authors: Chan T. F.
Published: May 2015

A form of self-excited single-phase synchronous generator is proposed. The armature carries a main winding and an auxiliary winding in space quadrature. By connecting the latter to the field winding via a diode bridge rectifier, self-excitation is obtained. The voltage regulation is improved by including a capacitance in the excitation circuit. Experimental results and waveforms are presented.
Teaching Experiments with the Dual Ramp Voltmeter
Authors: Taylor H. Rosemary
Published: May 2015

The experiment is designed round an Intersil 7106 evaluation kit. It illustrates that the correct reading relies on the reference voltage being correct, but that it is not affected by the clock oscillator frequency, or the integrator time constant. The effect of fluctuations in the input voltage can be demonstrated to show the averaging effect of the integration period.
Selecting the Optimum Switching Frequency for Switcher Design
Authors: Szuba Stefan
Published: May 2015

A method for design optimization of switched-mode dc-dc power converters using bipolar transistors is formulated. Using the concept of multicriterion optimization, the optimum switching frequency is found on the basis of design tradeoffs amongst converter's efficiency, size, weight and cost.
An Overview of the Chinese University System
Authors: Jin L. M.
Published: May 2015

The main features of the university system of the People's Republic of China are described, including recent developments and planned reforms. Numerical data about staff and student numbers are provided.
A Delphi Survey Approach to Report Writing Requirements
Authors: Bodger P. S.
Published: May 2015

To many students, each academic educator appears to have his or her own style and expectation of student writing. To provide a guideline on report writing, a Delphi Survey of staff was undertaken in an attempt to determine a common approach, the results of which are presented in this paper.
A Simple Screen Management System to Aid Quick Development of Interactive Application Programs
Authors: Walker A. J.
Published: May 2015

Experience shows that one of the most time consuming aspects of interactive application program design is the development of the human interface. This paper describes a set of procedures for aiding the development of well-engineered interactive programs in a teaching environment.
A Microprocessor-Based Vector Graphic System for Microcomputers
Authors: Kehinde L. O. , Makinwa K. A. , Akinde A. D.
Published: May 2015

This paper describes the development of a microprocessor-controlled vector graphics system for microcomputers. The microcomputer accepts data lists specifying graphic lines and transfers these to the microprocessor where they are stored and used to constantly refresh the screen of a standard oscilloscope via a screen controller. The system resolution is 253 × 253 and lines are drawn at a rate of 5000/sec.
Freeze-Frame Television for Rural Information Services
Authors: Mneney S. H.
Published: May 2015

Freeze-frame television is proposed as a low-cost system for information dissemination to rural communities of third-world countries. Distribution can be effected over narrowband satellite links which can offer nationwide cost-effective coverage. In this paper a baseband prototype is implemented.
An Educational Custom Chip Fabrication Facility
Authors: Lawrenson B.
Published: May 2015

The layout and equipment of a silicon fabrication laboratory for undergraduate teaching are described. A brief account of some appropriate teaching experiments is given, together with examples of project work in PMOS and Gate Array chip design and fabrication.
A Cad Package for Microwave Integrated Circuit Design
Authors: McGrath Finbarr J. , Murphy Patrick J.
Published: May 2015

A comprehensive CAD package for analysis and design of microwave microstrip circuits is described. The package which is written in FORTRAN has a comprehensive element library and a range of graphical output options.
Bit-Slice Microprocessors — A Hardware and Software Development Kit
Authors: Longair I. M. , Morgan A. D.
Published: May 2015

This paper details a circuit based upon the popular AMD 2900 family of bit-slice products which may be used to allow students to gain practical experience in the use of bit-slice products at both the hardware and software level.
The Wien Bridge Oscillator Incorporating An Op. Amp as the Active Element
Authors: Vosper J. V.
Published: May 2015

A Wien bridge oscillator circuit is analysed, taking into account the finite gain-bandwidth product of the op. amp. Expressions for the oscillation frequency and its sensitivity to the op. amp gain-bandwidth product are obtained.
A Simple Circuit for the Quantitative Demonstration of Fourier Analysis and Synthesis
Authors: Haque Syed Enamul , Khan Anwar A.
Published: May 2015

A simple teaching aid for the quantitative demonstration of Fourier analysis and synthesis is described. Any periodic waveform of the specified frequency is analysed to give its different Fourier components and these components, when added, give the synthesized waveform. The circuit arrangement is simple and inexpensive and may be assembled in any undergraduate laboratory.
Power Limits in Stepping and other Small Brushless Motors — A Simple Approach Using the Blondel Circle Diagram
Authors: Hughes A. , Pulle D. W. J.
Published: May 2015

Brushless drives are important, but are often thought to be difficult to treat quantitatively at the undergraduate level. The Blondel circle diagram is shown to be ideal for illuminating the steady-state behaviour and limitations of small brushless system, at a level suitable for undergraduate courses.
Representation of Magnetisation Curves over a Wide Region Using a Non-Integer Power Series
Authors: Lucas J. Rohan
Published: May 2015

An accurate representation of the magnetisation curve including the incremental permeability curve, is presented. It is based on selected powers of B (not generally integer) with positive coefficients giving a power series. The fit is shown to be superior to those obtained with polynomial and rational fraction polynomial representations.
A Numerical Example of Alternator Model Reduction to Be Given in a Classroom
Authors: Kamoun Mohamed B. A. , Poloujadoff Michel
Published: May 2015

The authors give a numerical example of a stability study of an alternator connected to an infinite bus through a transmission line. Possible reductions of the model are carefully considered. This paper is intended to be the basis of exercises submitted to students for a computer solution.
Computation of D.C. Motor Dynamic Braking Performance
Authors: Cross G.
Published: May 2015

A procedure is described for the computation of speed-time curves during dynamic braking of a separately-excited d.c. motor which includes the non-linear effects of magnetic saturation and machine losses. The application of the procedure to student assignment work is briefly discussed.
The Integration of Cad within an Electronic Engineering Degree Course
Authors: Taylor G. E. , Fleming A. , Selke K.
Published: May 2015

The Electronic Engineering Department at Hull offers a course which is committed to introducing students to concepts of CAD from early in their undergraduate careers. The paper describes ways in which various CAD tools, particularly those made available via the ECAD initiative, are integrated into different stages of this course.
Student Full Custom Design
Authors: Waller W. A. J. , Walczowski L. T. , Dimond K. R. , Dawson C.
Published: May 2015

Final year students have been designing full custom integrated circuits for their final year projects, submitting their designs for fabrication and testing the packaged devices on their return. This paper describes the tools used, the designs undertaken and the benefits of allowing students to carry out full custom design projects.
A Simulation Exercise in Antenna Analysis Using Mininec
Authors: Austin B. A.
Published: May 2015

The method of moments is used in the form of the MININEC software to analyse a thin wire antenna with lumped lossy loading. As an exercise in antenna simulation or modelling it complements very effectively a simple procedure where the antenna is treated as an opened-out transmission line.
Simultaneous Suppression of Dissipationless Transmission Line Harmonics of Multiple Orders by a Single Quarter-Wave Stub Pair
Authors: Moreno E. , Ares F. , Coleman I. C.
Published: May 2015

An entire family of undesired dissipationless transmission line harmonics {λ/ nm} m ∈ Z+ (where λ is the wavelength of the fundamental and nm > 1) can be suppressed by a closed stub of length d opposite an open stub of length d′, with d + d′ = λ/4, if and only if the greatest common denominator of the nm is greater than unity.
An Expert System Demonstrator for an Undergraduate Laboratory Experiment
Authors: Macqueen C. N. , Hogg R. A.
Published: May 2015

This paper describes an expert system that has been designed to replace a human demonstrator in an undergraduate laboratory. The system can help the students while monitoring their progress, and provide a fault-finding facility if the apparatus has been incorrectly adjusted.
An Efficient DSP QPSK Modem Algorithm Extended to a Parallel Structure
Authors: Corden I. R. , Carrasco R. A.
Published: May 2015

A 9.6 Kbits/sec digital coherent QPSK modem implementation is described which employs single TMS320C25 DSP systems and uses all-digital phase- locked-loops to realize the receiver synchronization. Attention is directed toward an efficient algorithm, this being achieved through optimization of the assembly language program.
Mathematical Modelling in Undergraduate D.C. Machine Drive Projects
Authors: Hill R. J.
Published: May 2015

Mathematical modelling and simulation is an essential part of the engineering design process. This paper describes a d.c. machine control system project, with the modelling process described for the machine and its control system. An applications study, energy balance optimisation in an electric cycle, is also presented.
Digital Control for a Magnetic Suspension System as an Undergraduate Project
Authors: Oguchi Kuniomi , Tomigashi Yoshio
Published: May 2015

A digital control system for a magnetic suspension device made as an experimental and demonstrative device for undergraduate students is described. Hardware and software of the control system are presented. Experimental results obtained in the application of three kinds of modern control algorithm are presented.
Pulse Width Modulation Laboratory Experiment Using an Optical Fibre Communication Link
Authors: Ghassemlooy Z. , Wilson B. , Darwazeh I.
Published: May 2015

Background theory and constructional details of a simple laboratory experiment that combines aspects of optical fibre transmission and pulse width modulation are presented. The experiment is suitable for inclusion in both undergraduate and post-graduate communications teaching laboratories, depending upon the depth of analytical treatment in accompanying text.
Surviving, healing and moving forward: Journeys towards resilience among Canadian Cree adults
Authors: Isaak Corinne A , Stewart Donna E , Mota Natalie P , Munro Garry , Katz Laurence Y , Sareen Jitender
Published: May 2015

Background:

Canadian First Nations (FN) people have experienced and continue to experience significant adversities, yet many demonstrate aspects of resilience.

Aim:

The aim of this qualitative study was to specifically understand Cree adults’ meanings and mechanisms of resilience following maltreatment.

Methods:

Ten Cree adults were interviewed individually. Modified grounded theory was used to interpret the transcribed interviews.

Results:

Participants discussed resilience as a journey of ‘survival’ and ‘overcoming’ and pathways to healing that were multifactorial and included traditional teachings.

Conclusion:

Mental health providers should consider and incorporate these mechanisms into treatment for Cree people, when appropriate, to aid recovery.
Prevalence and predictors of depression in the older Asian Americans in Houston
Authors: Leung Patrick , Cheung Monit , Kao Dennis , Gulati Amy Carvalho
Published: May 2015

A study was conducted in the greater Houston area in the United States with 1840 Asian American participants where 413 (22.5%) were 55 years and older and 12.6 percent had depressive symptoms. Logistic regression analysis found that the likelihood of being depressed was significantly increased among individuals with anxiety symptoms (odds ratio (OR) = 769.36), at least a high school education (OR = 21.756), a greater number of generations living in the household (OR = 3.789), and chronic pain (OR = 2.604). Conversely, being married reduced the likelihood of being depressed by 89.5 percent (OR = .105). Implications focus on help-seeking behaviors of older Asian Americans in relation to their mental health needs.
Non-governmental organizations and community development in Bangladesh
Authors: Islam M Rezaul
Published: May 2015

Despite significant contributions from non-governmental organizations (NGOs) in socio-economic development in Bangladesh, the evidence in community development is little known. The findings of this article are based on two NGOs working with two indigenous communities. The study used a qualitative case study research approach, where a multi-method data collection procedure was applied. The analysis of the findings underscored the role of these two NGOs in four ingredients of community development: improving participation, social networking, partnership and development ownership. The results showed that the NGOs’ contributions in community development were credible. The findings provide important guidelines for social workers, NGO workers and development practitioners.
The emergence of personalized service for disabled people in Sichuan Province, China
Authors: Zhang Haomiao
Published: May 2015

Since 2011, Sichuan has started to provide personalized service for people with disability, which is a local innovation in China. This article analyzes the background, operation, and features of the personalized service, examining the service in an integrated way by analyzing four dimensions of social welfare policy, and evaluating the capacity of personalized service, mainly by interviewing persons with disability and policy implementers in Chengdu, the capital city of Sichuan Province. It is found that personalized service does benefit people with disability; however, there are several issues and challenges in terms of the target, items, delivery, and financing of the service.
“SICUT NODUS IN TABULA”: DE LA ROTATION PROPRE DU SOLEIL AU SEIZIÈME SIÈCLE
Authors: Lerner Michel-Pierre
Published: May 2015

Taking as his starting point a passage by G. B. Riccioli (1598–1671), the author investigates those writers in the sixteenth century who postulated that the Sun rotates—that is, prior to the observational proof by Galileo. The idea of the axial rotation of the Sun was proposed in Antiquity by Plato but strongly resisted by Aristotle. It reappears in the writings of the anti-Aristotelean philosopher Bernardino Telesio (1509–88), for whom it was a necessary consequence of his conception of a Sun formed of fire. But other pre-telescopic authors, such as Cesalpino, Bruno, Campanella, and Kepler, likewise proposed the rotation of the Sun as required for one reason or another, although at the close of the sixteenth century Tycho Brahe (who of course had no telescope) rejected such a rotation as an optical illusion.
DURÉES DE LEVER ET DE COUCHER DES SIGNES DU ZODIAQUE
Authors: Brunet J.-P. , Nadal R.
Published: May 2015

Problems involving the rising and setting times of the signs of the zodiac (such as their sum) appear frequently in the surviving writings of ancient Greek astronomers. Investigations of these texts led the authors to carry out a mathematical analysis of many features of the movement of the zodiac. The use of computers allows them to deal with the general case, for any length of ecliptic arcs and for any geographical latitudes. Difficulties encountered in the mathematical formulation indicate why Euclid was unable to solve related problems purely by geometry. The interest of the arithmetical approach of Hypsicles is also emphasized and some statements of Pappus criticized.
Job Pressure and SES-contingent Buffering
Authors: Koltai Jonathan , Schieman Scott
Published: May 2015

Analyses of the 2008 National Study of the Changing Workforce demonstrate that job pressure is associated with greater anxiety and job dissatisfaction. In this paper we ask, What conditions protect workers? The conventional buffering hypothesis in the Job-Demands Resource (JD-R) model predicts that job resources should attenuate the relationship. We test whether the conventional buffering hypothesis depends on socioeconomic status (SES). Support for conventional buffering is evident only for job dissatisfaction—and that generalizes across SES. When anxiety is assessed, however, we observe an SES contingency: Job resources attenuate the positive association between job pressure and anxiety among workers with lower SES, but exacerbate it among those with higher SES. We discuss the implications of this SES-contingent pattern for theoretical scenarios about “resource reinforcement,” “resource substitution,” and the “stress of higher status.” Future research should consider SES indicators as potential contingencies in the relationship between job conditions and mental health.
Gender Development in African American Youth
Authors: Skinner Olivenne D. , Perkins Katherine , Wood Dana , Kurtz-Costes Beth
Published: May 2015

Using the organizing framework of Ruble, Martin, and Berenbaum (2006), we summarized literature on gender development in African American youth within six content areas: biological/categorical sex, activities and interests, personal-social attributes, social relationships, styles and symbols, and values regarding gender. Results with African Americans were compared with what is known about gender processes in other U.S. racial groups, and gaps in the literature were noted. Finally, we summarized the literature on socialization influences on gender development in African American youth, focusing particularly on parents and media. Our review shows that gender, along with race, plays a significant role in the development of African American youth, with many of these processes similar to what is found in youth of other racial/ethnic groups. Contextual factors such as family structure and racial context are important to take into account to best understand individual differences in the gender development of Black youth.
State-Based Logic versus EU-based Logic towards Immigrants: Evidences and Dilemmas
Authors: Zapata-Barrero Ricard
Published: May 2015

Since the Treaty on European Union in 1992, there have been two contrasting conceptions of how one should approach the EU political union. From the EU standpoint, this process is a gain, but from the States' point of view it is a loss. There is a third logic that makes up the EU: that of third-country immigrants residing in the Member States ( Euro-immigrants). For this population the process is neither a gain nor a loss, but simply something that is being discussed and carried out without taking them into consideration. This lack of attention shows that at present the treatment of Euro-immigrants is following a state fundamentalist logic and not a multicultural logic as would be historically appropriate for the EU. In the interest of fostering discussion, this paper presents relevant considerations in four sections. The first section presents the theoretical framework for the discussion; the second section discusses state fundamentalism, with a brief historical review of how the European States have treated immigrants politically; the third section sums up how the EU dealt with immigration from the Trevi Group of 1975 until the Amsterdam Treaty of 1997; and the fourth and final section, concludes with a discussion on the normative dilemmas and institutional challenges deriving from the relationship between the EU and the Euro-immigrants. I argue that the EU can only be politically constructed if it takes the presence of immigrant residents into account.
A Clean Bill of Health: Filipinas as Domestic Workers in Singapore
Authors: Iyer Avanti , Devasahayam Theresa W. , Yeoh Brenda S.A.
Published: May 2015

This paper describes foreign domestic workers' (FDWs) vulnerability in Singapore. Due to the lack of regulatory laws mandating employers to pay health care costs and FDW ineligibility for national plans given their transient contract labor status, FDWs depend on employer generosity to provide for this need. Presently, the state's interest only includes particular aspects of FDW “health.” The argument here is that the discourse of perceiving FDWs as sexual ‘bodies' and transmitters of other infectious diseases is a metaphor for how the state perceives them — useful to Singapore for economic gains as long as they do not bring on costs.
Are Floating Migrants in China “Child-Bearing Guerillas”?: An Analysis of Floating Migration and Fertility
Authors: You Helen Xiuhong , Poston Dudley L.
Published: May 2015

In China, the media often portray the floating migrant population as “child-bearing guerrillas,” that is, as persons who have moved to new locations, usually in urban areas, because they want to escape the supervision of their local family planning workers and be able to have more children than the policies allow. Migration theory predicts the opposite, that is, that migrants in general should have fewer children than non-migrants in the areas of origin. To our knowledge there has been no empirical examination in all of China of whether floating migrants are “child-bearing guerrillas.” Earlier studies by Goldstein et al. (1993) and Yang (2000) have looked at this relationship in one province. In this paper we use sample data from the 1990 census to assess the relationship between floating migration and fertility. A floating migrant is a person who has moved to a new location but has not transferred his/her household registration ( hukou) to this new location. We conduct a series of logistic regressions and show that in many instances, after controlling for relevant demographic, social, and economic factors, floating migrants are not “child-bearing guerrillas”; indeed their likelihood of having had a baby in the preceding 18 months is actually less than that of the non-migrants in the areas of origin.
The Impact of “Urban-Rural” Migration in Indonesia: A Case Study of Bank Rakyat Indonesia Employees
Authors: Kwong Caleb Cheuk-Yin
Published: May 2015

This article attempts to evaluate the impact of “urban-rural” migration on Bank Rakyat Indonesia (BRI) employees in three aspects. First, it analyzes the impact of migration on employees' personal lives, such as their perceptions of their new environment and living conditions, their worries, their ways of maintaining family ties and long-distance relationship, etc. Second, it examines the impact of migration on their work performance. Third, it examines how BRI tackles the demoralization problem through their human resource management policies. The study reveals the use of “carrot-and-stick” policies, such as promotion, bonus, allowances and incentives to offset the disadvantages of such a movement.
The Gender Paradox in the Transnational Families of Filipino Migrant Women
Authors: Parreñas Rhacel Salazar
Published: May 2015

This article examines the division of labor in the transnational families of migrant mothers from the Philippines using interviews with young adult children and guardians in 30 mother-away transnational families. It looks closely at the work of fathers, migrant mothers, eldest daughters, and extended kin to show that caring practices in the transnational families of migrant women perpetuate conventional gender norms of the family. As it specifically shows that the work of women both at home and abroad maintains transnational migrant families, this article establishes that women's migration has not led to a more egalitarian division of labor in the family.
International Migration and Development in Thailand
Authors: Huguet Jerrold W.
Published: May 2015

Migration flows from and into Thailand are shaped by the country's strategies for economic development and other government policies. Numerous theories of international migration, as well as recent experience, imply that levels of migration to Thailand will increase and that many migrants will wish to stay for a long period or permanently. Because Thailand has not explicitly incorporated international migration into its economic and social development planning, its migration policies are often inconsistent with other development goals. The government should strive for policy coherence by conducting a careful analysis of the future demand for and impacts of international migration and by aligning its migration policies with national objectives. For this process to be effective, a public dialogue concerning international migration should be initiated.
Women versus the State: Organizing Resistance and Contesting Exploitation in Indonesian Labor Migration to Hong Kong
Authors: Sim Amy
Published: May 2015

This article examines the role of the state and the private sector in temporary labor migration and the responses of migrant workers to resist oppressive practices in labor export from the sending country. More precisely, it explores state-backed practices in the creation of debt bondage among Indonesian migrant women and state responses to developments in the Indonesian women's labor movement in Hong Kong.

Indonesian women migrant workers in Hong Kong had begun to organize collectively from 2000 and this study of women's activism in labor migration interrogates their grounded notions and practices that underlie women's empowerment. While ideas and definitions of women's empowerment vary widely and attempts to empower women do not always bring about the desired effects of transforming disempowering structures, this article will attempt to show why certain modes of empowerment lead to structural transformations while others are less promising for women. This article serves as documentation of a historical phenomenon in women's labor migration and concludes with some of the principles that engender women's empowerment as social and collective qualities.
C. S. Lewis and René Girard on Desire, Conversion, and Myth: The Case ofTill We Have Faces
Authors: Gruenler Curtis
Published: May 2015

The works of Lewis and Girard share several central interests but seem divided by opposite views of myth. Lewis' novelistic retelling of the myth of Cupid and Psyche, however, provides a bridge: It depicts an ancient society organized around sacrifice and myth as understood in Girard's cultural theory and tells a Girardian story of conversion, in which the narrator discovers the imitative and rivalrous nature of her desire. Her rivalry and reconciliation with the story's true god carries the novel beyond Girardian myth to a contrary kind of narrative identified with fairy stories, which can extend Girard's approach to Christian conversion.
Hearts of Stone, Feet of Clay: Geoffrey Hill's Troubled Pilgrims
Authors: Mahan David C.
Published: May 2015

Through close readings of “The Bidden Guest” and the sequence “Lachrimae,” this essay explores ways that Geoffrey Hill portrays the travails of modern “pilgrimage,” as a troubled quest for authentic faith. At the forefront of this study are questions about Hill's treatment of Christian themes and practices through the voices of his personae. One larger question concerns whether these poems bear witness to a faith still viable for disaffected contemporary readers. It is argued that, while the mood of Hill's pilgrims registers an anxious ambiguity about the prospects of personal belief, the effects of the poetry provoke a renewed attentiveness to that very possibility.
Rowan Williams and Christian Language: Mystery, Disruption, and Rebirth
Authors: Eilers Kent
Published: May 2015

This essay explores the category of “mystery” in the theology of Rowan Williams. There is, or should be, an ongoing strangeness to Christian speech in that it never ceases questioning, probing, and unsettling. Williams finds the logic for this in the resurrection narratives. The resurrection is for Williams an event that upends, overturns, and re-forms the cosmos; it establishes a form of Christian community and a distinctive cadence for Christian language. The essay investigates this cadence as it appears in Williams' writing on theological method, his work on the resurrection of Christ, and his engagement with the fiction of Dostoevsky and Marylinne Robinson.
Ecocriticism and Christian Literary Scholarship
Authors: Burbery Timothy J.
Published: May 2015

This essay presents a case for ecocriticism as a viable critical method for Christian scholars. It begins with an historical overview of the method, then examines common ground shared by ecocriticism and Christianity, including what amounts to a kind of critical realism, and the belief in the inherent goodness of creation. Two potential obstacles are then addressed by way of Lynn White, Jr's famous essay, “The Historical Roots of our Ecologic Crisis.” These include the relationship of the Bible and the environment, and the charge of anthropocentrism. I believe White is partly right, but contend that neither objection is fatal for Christian scholars who wish to employ ecocriticism.
Kingship and Prophecy in Thomas Mofolo'sChaka
Authors: Lilford Grant
Published: May 2015

In his third and best-known novel, Chaka, Lesotho writer Thomas Mofolo makes no explicit references to Christianity, marking a departure from the intentionally evangelical character and language of his earlier works, Traveller to the East and Pitseng. I argue, however, that the novel alludes to the Bible, notably 1 and 2 Samuel, to make a powerful statement on the nature of kingship in traditional African society, especially in light of human sinfulness and frailty. Mofolo defends the righteousness of African ideals of society and kingship, even as he reveals how human frailty and ambition make those ideals unsustainable. Mofolo uses the Biblical narrative to illuminate his extensive awareness of Southern African history and culture, showing the specific relevance of the Christian Gospel to his society.
Witnessing to the Gospel: Pedro Arrupe's Mission Theology and Dominic Mulaisho's The Tongue of the Dumb
Authors: Purcell William Francis
Published: May 2015

Christianity and missions are recurring subjects in postcolonial African fiction, most frequently taking the thematic form of a clash between mission Christianity and indigenous culture. Consciously or otherwise, most of these texts present at times insightful historic explorations of missionary practices. Occasionally they also contain discerning examinations of the missiological and theological assumptions underlying these practices. Dominic Mulaisho's first novel, The Tongue of the Dumb, is one such text. This essay explores Mulaisho's examination of mission in the novel. It posits that the missiological outlook of Mulaisho, a consciously Catholic writer who had been educated by Jesuits, is rooted in a markedly Jesuit mission theology articulated by Pedro Arrupe, the then-Jesuit superior general, emphasizing the primacy of witness through daily living.
Spirituality and Action in the Novels of J-M. G. Le Clézio
Authors: Trzyna Thomas
Published: May 2015

Jean-Marie Gustave Le Clézio's critics have analyzed his spirituality in frameworks drawn from Mircea Eliade and Rudolph Otto. Karl Jaspers' idea of “the Comprehensive” is a better fit. Le Clézio grounds an ethic of compassion in his spirituality. Contrary to the views of some critics, this ethic can be lived by people from nations that have controlled colonial empires. Étoile errante shows how such an ethic of compassion might even bridge the gap between Israelis and Palestinians. These characterizations apply to many of the novels, though not to all, as demonstrated by Ritournelle de la Faim.
Preserving “God's Wildness” for Redemptive Baptism
Authors: Bilbro Jeffrey
Published: May 2015

The distinctive theology of the Disciples of Christ prepared John Muir to understand nature as an agent of egalitarian, unifying, and primitive redemption. Because of God's immanent presence in the Yosemite, Muir believed that by immersing himself in the Sierra he could partake in its divinely natural redemption. This wild baptism imparted a more effective redemption than even the baptism offered by the Disciples, so Muir preached “the gospel of glaciers,” seeking to bring as many people as possible to the wilds where they would be cleansed by divine love. Because Muir feared some people were too encrusted by civilization to participate in wild religion, he developed a unique, second-person rhetoric to directly immerse his readers in “Godful beauty.”
The Lady with the Torn Hair Who Looks on Gladiators in Grapple: G. K. Chesterton's Marian Poems
Authors: Wood Ralph C.
Published: May 2015

This essay is at once a description and a defense of G. K. Chesterton's vivid poetic portraits of Mary as the Mother of the Church, the God-bearer inviting veneration by Christians of all sorts and conditions. In “The Nativity,” she is the Maiden whose Son's birth gives every child ultimate worth, and whose birth-pangs figure her earthly agony as well as her enduring mercy. In “The Arena,” she is the Lady who presides over a field of playful Christian battle—not as Nero beheld the blood sports of his Domus Aurea, but as the Virgin atop the golden dome of her own university, Notre Dame.