bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
LOW NUCLEAR POWER FOR SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT
Authors:   Public Council of State Atomic Energy Corporation, Muratov O. E.
Published: June 2022

The tightening of environmental legislation requires the creation of environmentally friendly, stable energy sources, which can become low-power nuclear power plants. The main requirements for reactors for small nuclear power plants are minimal environmental impact, increased reliability and minimal maintenance. The concept of using reactor installations for small stations provides for the manufacture and testing of power units in factory conditions, operation without fuel overload for a long time and the absence of fresh and spent fuel on the storage site. Low capacity nuclear power plants created in regions with decentralized energy supply, undeveloped networks and on island territories will provide, in addition to electricity production, non-electric applications such as desalination, hydrogen production, etc.
MATRIX IONIZING RADIATION DETECTORS USED IN RADIATION THERAPY
Authors:   International Sakharov Environmental Institute, Belarusian State University, Chirkova I. N. , Petkevich M. N. ,   International Sakharov Environmental Institute, Belarusian State University, Chikova T. S. ,   International Sakharov Environmental Institute, Belarusian State University
Published: June 2022

Radiation therapy of malignant neoplasms can cause radiation reactions and complications from normal tissues in patients. The main requirement for radiation protection of patients is the maximum possible dose reduction in normal organs and tissues surrounding the target. Another requirement for the provision of high-quality medical services is the establishment of a quality assurance system for radiation therapy in clinics. The article provides an overview of modern matrix detectors of ionizing radiation used in radiation therapy. The principle of operation of matrix detectors, which have been widely used on modern medical linear electron accelerators, is considered. It is shown that an important stage of the radiation therapy quality control program is the use of matrix detectors to assess the dose distribution in the patient’s body, the patient’s position on the treatment table and when evaluating the dosimetric parameters of the radiotherapy apparatus.
DETERMINATION OF THE FIELD SIZE AND CHANGING THE ENERGY SPECTRUM OF SMALL FIELDS
Authors:   Healthcare Institution «Vitebsk Regional Clinical Oncological Center», Piskunov V. S. , Semenov S. V. ,   Healthcare Institution «Vitebsk Regional Clinical Oncological Center», Chikova  ,   Healthcare Institution «Vitebsk Regional Clinical Oncological Center»
Published: June 2022

The basic definitions of the field size and the difference between the geometric and radiation dimensions of small fields are described. Changes in the energy spectrum of photons with decreasing field size are described. It is shown that the full width at half maximum (FWHM) size of the lateral beam profile is the most indicative and essential parameter of the field size for accurate dosimetry of small fields. When describing data on small fields, it is recommended to specify both the FWHM and the geometric size of the field.
SYNTHESIS AND PLASMA MODIFICATION OF NANOSTRUCTURED ZnO-BASED PHOTOCATALYSTS FOR PHOTODEGRADATION OF PHARMACOLOGICAL WASTE
Authors:   International Sakharov Environmental Institute, Belarusian State University, Miadzvetski A. V. , Shcherbovich A. A. ,   International Sakharov Environmental Institute, Belarusian State University, Filatova I. I. ,   International Sakharov Environmental Institute, Belarusian State University, Lyushkevich V. А. ,   B. I. Stepanov Institute of Physics, National Academy of Sciences of Belarus, Savastenko N. A. ,   International Sakharov Environmental Institute, Belarusian State University, Maskevich S. A. ,   International Sakharov Environmental Institute, Belarusian State University
Published: June 2022

The kinetics of caffeine photodegradation is investigated in the presence of nanostructured ZnO-based catalysts.
ANTIRETROVIRAL DRUGS AS POTENTIAL INHIBITORS OF SARS-COV-2 Mpro
Authors:   International Sakharov Environmental Institute, Belarusian State University, Sidorova A. P. , Bakunovich A. V. ,   International Sakharov Environmental Institute, Belarusian State University
Published: June 2022

Ritonavir, nelfinavir and lopinavir are a group of protease inhibitors. These inhibitors are widely used in combination with other protease inhibitors in the therapy and prevention of human immunodeficiency virus. Also, the combination of these inhibitors seems to be an effective therapeutic agent that can affect the main protease of Mpro coronavirus and, thus, provide long-term suppression of viral load in the disease of severe acute respiratory syndrome caused by coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2).
PLASTIC WASTE UTILIZATION IN THE CONTEXT OF IMPROVING THE ENVIRONMENT
Authors:   International Sakharov Environmental Institute, Belarusian State University, Pleskanev V. V. , Yablonsky E. V. ,   International Sakharov Environmental Institute, Belarusian State University, Mishlakov D. S. ,   International Sakharov Environmental Institute, Belarusian State University, Shalkevich P. K. ,   International Sakharov Environmental Institute, Belarusian State University
Published: June 2022

The environmental aspects of plastic recycling are considered. The conditions under which it is possible to solve environmental problems associated with the processing and disposal of plastics are formulated.
INFLUENCE OF MR IMAGE DISTORTIONS ON THE QUALITY OF IMPLEMENTATION OF STEREOTACTIC RADIOSURGERY
Authors:   International Sakharov Environmental Institute, Belarusian State University, Shtura I. A. , Petkevich M. N. ,   International Sakharov Environmental Institute, Belarusian State University
Published: June 2022

In the process of planning stereotactic radiosurgery, magnetic resonance imaging, which has a high level of soft tissue contrast, is predominantly used. Radiation volume parameters can be determined in detail on MR images, geometric accuracy of which is limited by the possible appearance of distortions directly affecting the quality of the obtained volume-anatomical information about the patient. External devices such as stereotactic frames used for patient immobilization and stereotactic space definition during stereotactic radiosurgery on the Gamma Knife Perfexion can create distortions and artifacts in MR images. The purpose of this work is to evaluate the geometric distortions of MR images using the Elekta cylindrical phantom for MRI.
USE OF INNOVATIVE INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE ASSESSMENT OF DOSE LOADS IN THE ZONE OF CHRONIC RADIATION IMPACT IN THE GOMEL REGION OF THE REPUBLIC OF BELARUS
Authors:   International Sakharov Environmental Institute, Belarusian State University, Zhuravkov V. V. , Antonovich О. А. ,   International Sakharov Environmental Institute, Belarusian State University
Published: June 2022

The article presents conceptual approaches to retrospective assessment and predictive modeling of radioactive contamination of the territory of the Republic of Belarus as a result of the Chernobyl accident. The work was carried out within the framework of project 3.01 «Investigation of the effect of ionizing radiation in a wide range of doses and with the variability of radiation characteristics at different levels of organization of a living organism», GPNI «Natural resources and the environment» of the subprogram «Radiation and biological systems» for 2021-2025.
DEVELOPMENT OF A WEB-ORIENTED INTERFACE FOR A RETROSPECTIVE ANALYSIS OF THE DATA OF THE ONLINE MONITORING SYSTEM OF THE STATE OF ENVIRONMENTAL COMPONENTS OF ORSHA AND ORSHA DISTRICT
Authors:   International Sakharov Environmental Institute, Belarusian State University, Zhuravkov V. V. , Tonkonogov B. A. ,   International Sakharov Environmental Institute, Belarusian State University, Shalkevich P. K. ,   International Sakharov Environmental Institute, Belarusian State University
Published: June 2022

The article presents the results obtained within the framework of the task “Maintenance of the online monitoring system for the state of environmental components in Orsha and Orsha district with the development of a web-based interface” of the subprogram “National Environmental Monitoring System” of the State Program “Environmental Protection and Sustainable Use of Natural Resources” for 2021-2025, approved by the Resolution of the Council of Ministers of the Republic of Belarus dated on February 19, 2021 No. 99.
QUANTUM-CHEMICAL CALCULATION OF THE N-(2-hydroxy-3,5-DIISOPROPYLPHENYL)METHANESULFONAMIDE
Authors:   International Sakharov Environmental Institute, Belarusian State University, Xiao Li , Shahab Siyamak ,   International Sakharov Environmental Institute, Belarusian State University, Labanava A. ,   International Sakharov Environmental Institute, Belarusian State University
Published: June 2022

This paper presents theoretical calculations applied to N-(2-hydroxy-3,5-diisopropylphenyl)methanesulfonamide to determine its optimal free energy state and the shape of the molecular orbitals involved in the formation of the UV/Vis spectrum.
QUANTUM-CHEMICAL CALCULATION OF CHALCON DERIVATIVES
Authors:   International Sakharov Environmental Institute, Belarusian State University, Atroshko M. A. , Shahab S. N. ,   International Sakharov Environmental Institute, Belarusian State University, Tarasevich V. A. ,   Institute of Chemistry of New Materials National Academy of Sciences of Belarus, Martsinkevich D. A. ,   Institute of Chemistry of New Materials National Academy of Sciences of Belarus, Bogdanova N. V. ,   International Sakharov Environmental Institute, Belarusian State University, Hui W. ,   International Sakharov Environmental Institute, Belarusian State University
Published: June 2022

The paper presents the data of semi-empirical and theoretical calculations of molecules in the medium of the solvent, their absorption spectrum and the optimized structure with the value of the total energy of the system.
SOFTWARE SYSTEM PROJECT FOR PROTEINS’ INTERACTION ANALYSIS UNDER CONDITIONS OF WEAK STRUCTURAL SIMILARITY
Authors:   International Sakharov Environmental Institute, Belarusian State University, Kazmerchuk A. D. , Snytkov E. V. ,   International Sakharov Environmental Institute, Belarusian State University, Tonkonogov B. A. ,   International Sakharov Environmental Institute, Belarusian State University
Published: June 2022

Practical purpose, functioning algorithm, architecture, technologies and means of implementation, functionality and testing of software system project for proteins’ interaction analysis under conditions of weak structural similarity, based on bioinformatics technologies, implementing computational methods and mathematical models at various computational levels and allowing making research decisions in various fields of biology and medicine are considered.
SOME EFFECTS OF STATIC MAGNETIC FIELD ON THE BODY OF WORKERS
Authors:   Republican unitary enterprise “Scientific and practical centre of hygiene”, Solowjova I. V. , Krautsou A. V. ,   Republican unitary enterprise “Scientific and practical centre of hygiene”, Arbuzov I. V. ,   Republican unitary enterprise “Scientific and practical centre of hygiene”, Baslyk A. Y. ,   Republican unitary enterprise “Scientific and practical centre of hygiene”, Zakharanka T. V. ,   Republican unitary enterprise “Scientific and practical centre of hygiene”
Published: June 2022

The article presents some results of studies of the effect of static magnetic field on medical personnel working in magnetic resonance imaging rooms. The levels of influence of magnetic induction of static magnetic field and the time of its negative influence are analyzed. Adverse subjective reactions of medical personnel were revealed, confirmed by a pronounced change in the functional state of the nervous system and the general level of efficiency by the end of the working day in the medical staff of magnetic resonance imaging offices.
EVALUATION OF THE REACTIVITY OF THE ORGANISM DURING COMBINED THERAPY IN PATIENTS WITH TUBERCULOSIS BY CELL PARAMETERS AND BIOCHEMICAL INDICATORS
Authors:   International Sakharov Environmental Institute, Belarusian State University, Mazurova A. A. , Shpadaruk K. M. ,   International Sakharov Environmental Institute, Belarusian State University
Published: June 2022

In the course of the study, an assessment was made of the reactivity of the organism of patients suffering from tuberculosis, according to cellular indicators of peripheral blood and integral indices of homeostasis (leukocyte index of intoxication according to Kalf-Kalif (LII), index of the ratio of neutrophils to lymphocytes (NIL), index of the ratio of neutrophils and monocytes (IRNM), the index of the ratio of lymphocytes and eosinophils (IRLE), the index of the ratio of lymphocytes to the erythrocyte sedimentation rate (IRSOE) for therapy.As a result of the study, we found that during therapy in patients with tuberculosis, the erythrocyte population is the most sensitive parameters to the treatment. Also, the most sensitive and highly informative are integral indicators: the index of the ratio of neutrophils to lymphocytes, the index of the ratio of lymphocytes and eosinophils and the index of the ratio of neutrophils and monocytes.
EFFECT OF HYPOXIA ON IMMUNOMODULATORY PROPERTIES OF MULTIPOTENT MESENCHYMAL STROMAL CELLS
Authors:   International Sakharov Environmental Institute, Belarusian State University, Svirskaya A. V. , Yakauleva M. A. ,   International Sakharov Environmental Institute, Belarusian State University, Nizheharodava D. B. ,   International Sakharov Environmental Institute, Belarusian State University, Zafranskaya M. M. ,   International Sakharov Environmental Institute, Belarusian State University
Published: June 2022

This study characterizes the effect of hypoxia on human multipotent mesenchymal stromal cells ability to modulate mitogen-stimulated proliferation of peripheral blood mononuclear cells, what can be used for optimization of biomedical cell products protocols using for cell therapy of pathological conditions accompanied by hypoxia.
Primjena međunarodnog akreditacijskog standarda
Authors: Čubelić Sandra , Mesarić Jasna
Published: June 2022

U bolničkoj zdravstvenoj ustanovi uspostavljanje sustava sigurnosti pacijenta ostvaruje se primjenom standarda čiji je cilj sprječavanje neželjenog događaja koji bi mogao nanijeti štetu zdravlju pacijenta. Ovaj rad prikazuje aspekte sigurnosti pacijenta i upravljanja kliničkim rizicima, analizira uspostavljanje sustava sigurnosti pacijenta primjenom međunarodnog akreditacijskog standarda u Općoj bolnici Gospić te prikazuje promjene u smislu poboljšanja procesa za sigurnost pacijenta koje iz toga proizlaze. Analiza je ukazala na pozitivan učinak akreditacije u sustavu sigurnosti pacijenta. Akreditacija je doprinijela poboljšanju postojećih procesa i uspostavljanju novih, uključujući proces utvrđivanja i otkrivanja izbjegnutih neželjenih događaja (near miss) koji potencijalno utječu i mogu ugroziti sigurnost pacijenta, procese temeljene na riziku i uspostavljanju registra rizika, proces praćenja medicinske pogreške u okviru utvrđivanja i otkrivanja prevalencije i ozbiljnosti incidenata koji ugrožavaju sigurnost pacijenta i proces sustavnog provođenja Kirurške kontrolne liste Svjetske zdravstvene organizacije. Akreditacijski je postupak u Općoj bolnici Gospić pridonio osvještavanju važnosti prepoznavanja i prijavljivanja neželjenog događaja te razvoju kulture bez kažnjavanja i učenja iz pogrešaka.
Protecția psihologică a adolescenților în situații de criză
Authors: Pleșca Maria
Published: June 2022

The article reflects a research sequence on the psychological protection mechanisms of adolescents from different types of families in crises. Today, for educational institutions, the task of forming an independent mature personality, able to know their abilities, with highly developed spiritual and moral values, psychologically prepared for adulthood, is becoming particularly relevant. The formation of these personality traits is possible only when the students can cope with any situation while maintaining a favorable spiritual and emotional state. Psychological protection is an unconscious mental mechanism, meant to minimize a person's negative experiences, regulate their behavior, to increase their adaptability. The article elucidates the problem of determining the particularities of psychological defense mechanisms in adolescents according to the type of family (complete/incomplete). The study also focused on determining the relationship between the level of stress control and psychological defense mechanisms.
The effectiveness of the context-based aproach in teaching grammar
Authors: Mardari Alina
Published: June 2022

The paper aims at proving the effectiveness of the context-based approach in teaching grammar. It looks at the principles, methods and the steps towards the improvement of grammatical competence or accuracy and all its components. The study is based on an experiment with a pretest-posttest and control group. The subjects of the research are second year students, whose major is English and are B2 level. The control group was taught using the traditional approach to teaching grammar, while the experimental group was instructed with the help of the context-based approach. The results indicate the efficacy of teaching grammar in context.
Renewable Energy Procurement Perceptions among Commercial and Industrial Consumers: Current Practices and Future Possibilities
Authors: Mandal Tirthankar , Sen Vasundhara , Anirudh Sripathi
Published: June 2022

This paper discusses about the challenges faced by commercial and industrial consumers (C&I) in adoption of renewable energy. Due to competitive prices of renewable energy, there are tendencies by the C&I players to shift from the grid and have their own sources of generation. To avoid this shift, the utilities are planning to offer new solutions and this paper also discusses about the possibilities of adoption of such solutions among the consumers.
The Legal Institutions of Power Control in Building the Socialist Rule of Law State of Vietnam Today
Authors:   University of Foreign Language Studies, The University of Danang, Vuong, Ph.D. Nguyen Hung
Published: June 2022

Controlling state power is an indispensable requirement in the process of implementing the power of the state, which is the central element of the rule of law state. Over 30 years of renovation and development, Vietnam has gradually established basic and essential methods to develop a civilized and progressive country in accordance with the global requirements and universal values: the socialist-oriented market economy, the socialist rule of law state of the people, by the people, and for the people who are the masters of the country. However, besides the achievements of the process of renovation, there has revealed a number of shortcomings and limitations in various fields. Therefore, it is necessary to continue researching and innovating the tools and means of constructing and developing the society in which defining basic principles on the control of state power is the fundamental element.
IMPACTO DE LA PANDEMIA EN LA ECONOMÍA DE LOS HOGARES EN QUEBEC CANADA
Authors: Llanos Sylvana
Published: June 2022

El objetivo de este artículo es proponer estrategias que minimicen el impacto de la pandemia en la economía en los hogares en Quebec-Canadá. La COVID-19 es la enfermedad causada por el nuevo coronavirus conocido como SARS-CoV-2. La discusión y análisis de esta problemática es relevante por cuanto el coronavirus COVID-19, ha generado un impacto negativo en todos los ámbitos de la sociedad. El Covid ha afectado a todas las poblaciones del mundo y Canadá no es la excepción. La provincia de Quebec es una de las provincias más importantes de Canadá con unos 8 millones de habitantes, sin embargo, su población es de las poblaciones de clase económica más baja, por lo que las familias con la pandemia se han visto altamente afectadas, muchas han dejado la provincia o piensan hacerlo, este trabajo debería ayudar a encontrar estrategias para superar la crisis. Se hizo una revisión de literatura de investigaciones vinculadas con el objeto de estudio y análisis de dos descriptores como son el coronavirus y las estrategias como mecanismos de acción que permitirá a los hogares de Quebec superar los problemas que han confrontado en lo que respecta a sus actividades laborales, ingresos, hábitos de consumo e higiene, entre otros. Es un estudio cuantitativo que utiliza la estadística inferencial para el análisis de los datos. Se desarrollará con un instrumento seleccionando 100 personas de las ciudades más importantes de la provincia de Quebec (Gatineau, laval, sherbrooke, Montreal y Quebec) entre estas ciudades se encuentra el 60% de la población de Quebec. El análisis de los datos se hará mediante el uso de un programa Statistical Package For Social Sciences. Se aspira concluir con un conjunto de estrategias orientadas a proponer planes de recuperación monetaria para las diversas familias y, por consiguiente, mejorar la situación económica de los hogares a consecuencia del COVID 19.
Monitoring of chemical and biological composition of bottom silt (literature review)
Authors: Savostikova Olga N. , Ushakova Olga V. , Tregubova Lyudmil Ju.
Published: June 2022

The work is devoted to the study of the formation of bottom sediments and silt, their impact on the state of aquatic ecosystems, effective research methods and their practical application. Due to the continuous anthropogenic load, heavy metals, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and other pollutants constantly accumulate in the silt and bottom formations. They undergo various chemical processes that can produce compounds that are even more toxic. The accumulation of this complex of pollutants subsequently becomes a source of secondary pollution, affecting the quality of water in reservoirs, reducing the species diversity of aquatic organisms and, through migration and movement along food chains, negatively affecting the condition of plants, animals and people, ultimately violating the processes of self-purification. Silt and bottom sediments thus become indicators of water pollution. On secondary deposits, biological processes are inhibited, anaerobic conditions arise, acidity increases, which contributes to the constant release and entry of harmful gases into the atmosphere. One of the main consequences of this process is the greenhouse effect and the violation of the heat balance. One of the ways to monitor bottom sediments is bio testing. In this method, crustaceans are chosen as test organisms because of their sensitivity to pollution, wide distribution. Bio testing can be used as an independent method for assessing the state of aquatic ecosystems, and in their integral assessment. Now in Russia there is no system for assessing the quality of bottom sediments, which greatly complicates the assessment of the state of surface water bodies and the prediction of negative processes. Thus, data on the composition of pollutants in silt and bottom sediments are not applicable for ecological characterization. Therefore, it seems necessary to create a unified methodology and establish interdepartmental communication of specialists in order to fully assess the pollution of water bodies and respond in time to threatening levels.
Hygienic assessment of the lifestyle of university students
Authors: Gorbatkova Elena Yu. , Zulkarnaev Talgat R. , Ahmadullin Ulfat Z. , Akhmadullina Khamida M. , Gorbatkov Stanislav A. , Khusnutdinova Zolja A. , Manuilova Gulshat R.
Published: June 2022

Introduction. The health of the younger generation determines the intellectual potential and prospects for the socio-economic development of Russia [1]. Taking into account the urgency of the problem, we carried out a hygienic study, the purpose of which was to assess the lifestyle of university students with the subsequent development and registration the software that assesses a health risk group. Materials and methods. The study of the way of life was carried out among university students in Ufa (1820 people). Based on data obtained, Software for assessing the conditions and lifestyle of university students was developed and registered. The assessment of the lifestyle of students at the University of Sheffield was carried out through an anonymous survey (116 people). Results. The hygienic analysis of the lifestyle of students revealed a number of unfavourable features: prolonged stay in social networks (on average 4.8 ± 0.2 hours on weekdays), non-observance of the required duration of night sleep (6.4 ± 0.3 hours), significant coverage of tobacco smoking (21.2% of boys and 9.1% of girls), etc. A comparative analysis of the lifestyle of students of the Russian Federation (Ufa) and Great Britain (Sheffield) was carried out, a number of advantages of the Russian educational system in relation to the health preservation of young people (arrangement of physical activity, provision of dormitories with minimal living costs, etc.), and some limitations. To assess the risk group for the health of students, depending on the lifestyle, software has been developed and registered. Limitations. The study was conducted on the basis of four different universities in Ufa, Republic of Bashkortostan (12 universities and branches in total), which provided a representative sample of the volume. The subject of further research will be the study of the conditions of education in other universities in Ufa. Conclusion. The lifestyle and the system of value orientations of students in relation to their own health are irrational in a number of indicators, which indicates the need to carry out preventive work within educational institutions aimed at preserving and strengthening the health of students.
MALDI-TOF MS application for identification of filamentous fungi
Authors: Kurbatova Irina V. , Rakitina Darya V. , Kravchenko Ekaterina S. , Maniya Tamari R. , Aslanova Mariya M. , Yudin Sergey M.
Published: June 2022

Introduction. MALDI-TOF identification method is widely used in microbiology due to its accuracy and rapid results achievement. However, applying this method to mold fungi faces some difficulties and is not always effective. Purpose of the study. The aim of the study was to evaluate the profits of using the long cultivation and protein extraction protocol in routine identification of mold fungi isolates from environment. Materials and methods. The analysis of molds museum collection from Centre for Strategic Planning of FMBA of Russia was performed by MALDI-TOF mass-spectrometry Biotyper (Bruker Daltonics) with cultivation in liquid media and long optimized protein extraction protocol with acetonitrile and formic acid. Results. One hundred thirty seven isolates were analyzed. Quality spectra were achieved for 71.5% of samples. Identification with MBT Filamentous Fungi Library database with the high confidence score (> 1.7) was achieved for 55% of isolates (26% with score >2). Samples analyzed included members of nineteen families and 27 genera. 16% of samples were not identified despite producing high-quality spectra. Limitations. When studying the possibility of using the time-of-flight mass spectrometry method to identify mold fungi, a sample of 137 isolates of mold fungi from the environment was analyzed, which is a sufficient reference sample. The analyzed samples included representatives of 19 families and 27 genera, which makes it possible to apply the findings to at least these representatives of micellar fungi. In this study 22 samples with good quality spectra, were not identified with MBT Filamentous Fungi Library database. In the future studies, these samples, along with other samples like that, will be identified by genetic molecular methods and added to the new home-made database for filamentous fungi MALDI-TOF identification. Conclusion. Effective identification of filamentous fungi by mass-spectrometry methods requires pure culture achieved from liquid media, long optimized protocol of protein extraction and building an in-house database of spectra not presented in Bruker database.
The method of DNA extraction from soil samples
Authors: Rakitina Darya V. , Aslanova Mariya M. , Maniya Tamari R.
Published: June 2022

Introduction. Even in the modern urban environment humans are in constant direct and indirect contact with soil. This leads to the spread of a wide range of soil-transmitted human and animal pathogens. Therefore, the development of fast and inexpensive methods of analysis and monitoring of these pathogenic objects is of great importance. PCR method is widely applied in laboratory practice and is able to detect even the uncultivated types of pathogens. The aim of the study was to optimize the method of DNA isolation from soil, making it suitable for PCR-assay. Materials and methods. DNA was isolated from the samples of surface layer of forest soil rich in humus, using lab-shelf chemicals and/or commercial kit. RT-PCR-test was performed using universal bacterial primers. Results. We have analyzed various combinations of four extraction methods and three pre- and post-treatment methods. DNA was efficiently extracted by all methods, however, without additional purification stages it was unsuitable for PCR. The calcium salts treatment ws demonstrated to be necessary for removal of PCR inhibitors, presumably humic acids. Two DNA isolation methods were developed. Both methods use incubation with CaCO3 suspension followed by cetrimonium bromide lysis. More sensitive and unexpensive method uses CaCl2 as an additional purification stage. The less sensitive but more reproducible method included DNA isolation on Qiagen DNA (Qiagen) columns. Limitations. When working out the technique of DNA isolation for PCR analysis, samples of the only sod-podzolic soil were studied. Therefore, the technique can be applied only for this type of soil. Conclusion. Both methods optimized in this study can be used for evaluation of soil samples for the presence of pathogens by PCR.
Microbiological quality control of wastewater by species identification of microorganisms using MALDI-TOF MS
Authors: Streletskiy Aleksey V. , Sukhina Marina A. , Avtonomova Anastasiya V. , Ekaterincheva Ekaterina S. , Tolkacheva Larisa R. , Gritsyuk Olga V. , Novozhilov Konstantin A. , Vodyanova Mariya A. , Zagainova Angelika V.
Published: June 2022

Introduction. One of the main tasks of medical care for infectious diseases is the rapid identification of an infectious agent. The purpose of the study is to evaluate the effectiveness of the MALDI mass spectrometry for identification bacteria for microbiological control of wastewater quality. Materials and methods. Samples of wastewater samples at the treatment stage from the Kuryanovskaya aeration station were analyzed in accordance with MU 2.1.5.800-99 “Management of state sanitary and epidemiological supervision of wastewater disinfection” by the identification method in accordance with MUK 4.2.1884-04 “Sanitary-microbiological and sanitary - parasitological water analysis of surface water bodies” with application MALDI-TOF MS and 16S rRNA gene sequencing. Results. 5 strains of museum reference cultures and 22 bacterial isolates from wastewater samples grown on selective media of Endo, Enterococcus and Chromococcus coliform agar were studied, identified by MALDI-TOF MS, and confirmed by sequencing of specific regions of the 16S rRNA gene in bacteria of the genus Salmonella by MALDI-TOF MS identified only gender. Conclusion. In the routine practice of microbiological research, the identification of microorganisms is based on the determination of their cultural, tinctorial properties, and biochemical activity, the determination of which requires large financial and time costs. The use of the MALDI-TOF MS method makes it possible to reduce the time of identification of a microorganism when visible growth of microorganisms appears.
Monitoring of natural water pollution by fluorescence spectroscopy
Authors: Nekrasova L. P.
Published: June 2022

Introduction. Environmental monitoring of the state of water bodies is an important component of environmental protection. A promising direction for assessing the quality of water bodies is to determine their generalized indicators. Fluorescence spectroscopy can serve as a source of important information about the state of water bodies and sources of their pollution. Purpose of the study - to assess the water pollution of the Moskva River and its tributaries using the fluorescence spectroscopy method. To reveal the influence of oil products on the fluorescence spectra of river water. Materials and methods. The object of the study was water from the Moskva River and its tributaries: Pakhra, Kotlovka, Setun. Water samples from the Moskva River were taken in different parts of the city, which are characterized by varying degrees of pollution. Water fluorescence spectra were measured with SM2203 spectrofluorimeter (ZAO Solar, Belarus), total organic and inorganic carbon, on a TOC-VCHP total carbon analyzer (Shimadzu, Japan). Results. The nature of the fluorescence spectra of the Moskva River and its tributaries in the absence of significant anthropogenic pollution are characterized by relative constancy. Bacterial pollution and pollution with aromatic compounds of anthropogenic origin, including oil products, leads to an increase in the fluorescence intensity in the short-wavelength part of the spectrum. The correlation coefficient between the optical density at a wavelength of 254 nm and the content of dissolved organic carbon (DOC) for the studied samples was 0.66, and between the fluorescence intensity at a wavelength of 400 nm and DOC was 0.74. Limitations. The method cannot be used for the quantitative determination of individual substances; it is intended for a semi-quantitative assessment of water pollution. Conclusion. Measurement of fluorescence spectra and total organic carbon makes it possible to give a general assessment of the contamination of a water body (which is especially important for a sample of unknown composition) and to choose the optimal scheme for its targeted analysis. High dissolved organic carbon (DOC) values and high fluorescence intensity at 320 nm are highly likely to indicate chemical contamination of water, while DOC values characteristic of a water body and high fluorescence intensity at 320 nm indicate bacterial contamination.
MALDI-TOF mass spectrometric analysis for identification of parasitic disease causes: current status and prospects
Authors: Aslanova Mariya M. , Rakitina Darya V. , Maniya Tamari R. , Abramov Ivan A. , Sergiev Vladimir P.
Published: June 2022

Introduction. The general issues of methodology, approaches and technologies in laboratory diagnostics of parasitic infections include MALDI-ToF MS-analysis (Matrix-Assisted Lazer Desorption/Ionization Time-of-Flight Mass Spectrometry; matrix-activated laser desorption-ionization time-of-Flight mass spectrometry), as well as a number of specific issues related to the relevance and timely application of this highly specific technologies in identification and typing of pathogens of parasitic diseases. An important and practically unsolved problem in parasitology is high-quality, highly effective, highly sensitive laboratory diagnostics of parasitoses. The object of this study is to analyze and evaluate the current state and perspectives of MALDI-TOF as an instrument of identification of diverse parasites in vples. Materials and methods. Federal statistics data on infectious and parasitic morbidity, own experimental studies, retrospectively analyzed literary data of foreign and Russian authors. Results. A steady decline in the detection of cases of parasitic invasions is associated with the lack of highly effective and sensitive diagnostic methods. Limitations. In the process of studying the effectiveness of the MALDI-TOF MS method in parasitological laboratories (departments), we analyzed our own experimental data (samples with artificial introduction of parasitic pathogens) and analyzed data on the main parasitic nosologies circulating in the territory of the Russian Federation for three years from 2017-2019, which are reflected in the state reports of of the Federal Service for Supervision in Protection of the Rights of Consumer and Man Wellbeing, which is a fairly reference sample. Conclusions. Studies comparing the results of mass spectrometric typing and traditional diagnostic methods are promising, which are necessary to clarify the capabilities of the method and determine its place in the laboratory diagnosis of infections caused by parasitic pathogens.
BİTKİSEL ATIKLARIN BİYOPLASTİKLERE DÖNÜŞÜMÜ: TASARIM VE SANAT ÇALIŞMALARI İÇİN ÇEVRE DOSTU BİR ALTERNATİF
Authors: ÖZEN Özge , ERDEM İŞMAL Özlenen
Published: June 2022

Bu deneysel çalışmada sürdürülebilir çevre dostu bir yaklaşımla, bitkisel atıkları kullanarak biyoplastik yapılar elde edilmiştir. Ağırlıklı olarak kaynakçada az rastlanan bitkisel atıklar farklı şekillerde kullanılarak elde edilen yapıların özellikleri incelenmiştir. Bademin dış yeşil kabuğu, prina, soğan kabuğu (mor ve sarı), limon kabuğu ve posası, muz kabuğu (posası ve lif takviyeli), mandalina kabuğu (posası ve lif takviyeli), nar kabuğu (posası ve lif takviyeli), portakal kabuğu (posası ve suyu), karpuz kabuğu, turp kabuğu, salatalık kabuğu, domates kabuğu, marul, pancar sapı, mor lahana, avakado çekirdeği, enginar yaprakları gibi doğal atık malzemeler kullanılarak değişik renk, tutum, görünüm ve dokulara sahip yüzeyler elde edilmiştir. Çeşitli formlar verilebilen bu yapıların tekstil ve moda tasarımının yanı sıra farklı ürünlerin tasarımında ve bazı sanatsal çalışmalarda özgün, yaratıcı ve yenilikçi bir şekilde kullanılabilme potansiyeli olduğu gözlenmiştir.
Pemberdayaan Kader Posyandu dalam Sosialisasi Kesehatan Reproduksi dan Mental pada Kalangan Remaja di Kelurahan Tongauna
Authors: Moita Sulsalman , Sarpin  , Damsid  , Supiyah Ratna , Rahman  , Harjudin Laode
Published: June 2022

Empowerment of Posyandu Cadres through the socialization of reproductive and mental health among adolescents aims to increase the capacity and skills of Posyandu Cadres in immunization services, community nutrition education, maternal and child health services, sex education for adolescents, and reproductive health counseling. To achieve this goal, the method used is training by focusing on the extension approach and FGD. The results show that the Empowerment of Posyandu Cadres through the socialization of reproductive and mental health among adolescents has the following functions: 1) increasing cadre capacity in the form of knowledge, experience, and technical skills in maternal and child health services, as well as knowledge of reproductive and mental health for adolescents; 2) Counseling on reproductive and mental health among adolescents will bring closer the understanding of Posyandu Cadres, parents, and government officials about the importance of instilling ethical and moral values ​​for youth; 3) The implementation of the discussion becomes a vehicle for exchanging information and experiences from the community service team, Posyandu cadres, midwives, and village officials; so that there is a shared commitment to socialize the movement for basic health services, to create cheap, healthy, fair and sustainable services.
Aplikasi Teknologi Mesin Tetas Otomatis Pada Peternak Ayam Kampung Desa Opaasi Kecamatan Ranomeeto Barat Kabupaten Konawe Selatan
Authors: Has Hamdan , Rusdin Muh. , Yaddi Yamin , Badarudin Rusli , Napirah Astriana
Published: June 2022

Kampong chicken is one of the most common types of poultry bred by people throughout Indonesia. Kampong chickens have several limitations such as relatively slow growth and low egg production. One solution to overcome this is by utilizing hatching using an incubator. The incubator can eliminate the brooding period in the brood so that the hen can be more productive and able to produce more eggs. This Bina Desa activity was carried out in Opaasi Village, South Konawe Regency with kampong chicken farmers as target partners. This activity involves a team of lecturers from the UHO Faculty of Animal Science and is carried out in several stages, namely: socialization, technical guidance on making hatching machines, hatching assistance, and evaluation of activities. The result of this activity is that it can provide additional knowledge and skills to native chicken farmers about the manufacture of hatching machines and their technical use of them.
The development of a real time, interactive water level monitoring system through SMS with AC load control
Authors: Buhion Jordan , Buhion Judelyn , Ocon Janice
Published: June 2022

Flooding and water level rise is a constant problem Filipinos encounter every year. The Philippines has a reasonably well-defined rainy season due to the monsoons. To counter the adverse effects of this potentially disastrous phenomenon, modern flood monitoring and forecasting systems are indispensable. Thus, the utilization of a comprehensive GSM-based system for monitoring water level of streams, lakes, rivers and other bodies of water in areas prone to flooding is essential to effectively increase the people’s awareness in real time. The system works by receiving water level update queries through text messaging from any cellphone number and texts back the accurate water level (in feet and inches) based on the actual reading from the system’s sensor. The water level update can be done “on demand” or every 10 minutes. The system can analyze the water level patterns such as the rate of water level rising or receding and includes its observation on the SMS to be sent. It also has integrated anti-theft features such as intruder sensor and alarm and the system locator through GPS (Global Positioning System). They are designed to protect the system against thieves and intruders. The system is also capable of controlling an AC (Alternating Current) load. This allows the system to be used in various applications that require water monitoring and automatic control. It can control AC loads of up to 2000 watts. The control function can be “automatic” or through SMS (Short Message Service) depending on the application.
Integrated Pest Management in Arboriculture: From Theory to Practice
Authors: Nielsen David
Published: June 2022

Integrated pest management (IPM) has evolved from theory to practice in the arboricultural industry. Enough technical information and experience exist to enable individual arborists to plan and implement biologically rational pest control strategies rather than using pesticidal cover sprays to reduce aesthetic impact of and damage from pests. IPM's most effective usage is in the context of plant health care. Perhaps a better framework for understanding the role of pest control in arboriculture is to define IPM as integrated PLANT management. After all, our goal as arborists is ecologically sound resource management. This paper introduces and discusses basic concepts of IPM and suggests establishment of action thresholds for key arthropod pests.
Update Note Concerning Horticultural Oil Concentrations for Verdant Use
Authors: Baxendale R.W. , Johnson W.T.
Published: June 2022

Previous work has provided evidence that verdant use of 3% horticultural oil is a highly effective means of controlling a wide range of arthropod pests. Results given here indicate that in most cases equally good control may be obtained using Sunspray 6E oil at the 2% level.
Tree Energy Systems
Authors: Ossenbruggen H. Sharon
Published: June 2022

Keeping trees healthy, safe, and attractive while keeping utility lines clear necessitates difficult choices that can be made only with a thorough knowledge of tree health. This is a significant part of any tree maintenance plan. Instituting innovative tree maintenance plans requires working closely with our communities. Communication and education are critical components.
Boulevard Tree Operations of Vancouver, B.C.
Authors: Paris Gregory , Monroe Hugh
Published: June 2022

Vancouver, B.C. is a 100-year-old municipality with a population of 400,000 people. Vancouver's boulevard tree program started in 1896, and its current street tree population is about 130,000 trees. These trees are distributed along the City's 10,000 residential and commercial blocks, about 800 miles of streets. This paper discusses historical and operational aspects of the boulevard tree program.
The Contributory Value of Trees to Residential Property in the Austin, Texas Metropolitan Area
Authors: Martin Clay , Maggio Robert , Appel David
Published: June 2022

Two methods for predicting the value trees contribute to residential property value in the Austin, Texas metropolitan area were tested. The formula method, used by professional plantsmen, and the predictive-modeling method, using regression analysis, were used to predict the value of trees on 120 homesites. The value of the homes ranged from $30,000 to $600,000 and represented homes typical of the Austin, Texas area. Trees on all homesites were evaluated with the ISA formula method and given a dollar value. Independent variables representing the house and lot were used in the predictive modeling method to determine the value that the trees contribute to sales price. The value of the trees derived by the formula method was found to represent 13 percent of the actual sales price of homes while the value of trees derived by the predictive modeling method represented 19 percent.
Internal Wounding Associated with Atrinal Injections in Norway Maple
Authors: Wright Daniel , Moran John
Published: June 2022

Ten Norway maple trees were examined to determine the internal injury (discolored wood) associated with trunk cankers induced by Atrinal injection. The trees were part of a study involving 225 trees injected with Atrinal in the Spring of 1984, in Westahester, New York. The amount of discolored wood associated with injection wounds varied from 7 to 38% at the injection site and up to 44% further away. The average volume of discolored wood at the injection site (10 inches above and below the injection point) was approximately 20%. The average volume of compartmentalization could be correlated with the size of external cankers. The pattern of internal compartmentalization was related to the size of the external canker. Internal decay begins after compartmentalized areas of trees are breached by a second wound. Current trunk injection practice involves trangential injections which greatly increase the probability of breaching existing compartmentalized areas. Actual wood decay was apparent in one tree of the ten examined. The results of this study demonstrate that injection of Atrinal or other growth regulators may cause extensive internal injury to trees.
Householder Evaluation of Two Street Tree Species
Authors: Sommer Robert , Barker Philip , Guenther Hartmut , Kurani Kenneth
Published: June 2022

A technique is described for evaluating householder responses to street trees in front of their homes. Evaluations of the European elm and London plane are presented. As a complement to stimulation studies, evaluation can produce new and useful information for tree agencies and arborists in guiding planting and maintenance programs.
Community and Urban Forestry in Washington and Oregon
Authors: Morgan N. Robin
Published: June 2022

Federal and state government involvement in community and urban forestry in Washington and Oregon plays a key role in initiating urban forestry programs. An analysis of case studies throughout the area reveals that even without all the components of the "ideal" urban forestry program in place, it is possible to make significant advancement in the development of an urban forest. Funding or technical assistance frequently serves as a catalyst for active citizens or small governments to initiate ongoing efforts to develop and maintain their urban forest.
Hiring Qualified Workers in the Tree Care Industry
Authors: Katzman Grover
Published: June 2022

One of the major production problems facing the green industry today is finding trained or trainable production workers in the numbers needed. This paper discusses several reasons for this problem and presents specific steps individual companies or industry segments might take to help solve their recruitment problems.