bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Spiritual Coping and its Types
Authors: Vasilyuk F.E.
Published: February 2016

The spectrum of forms of social-psychological help to people that are being in a crisis situation is growing. Experiencing a crisis impacts all sides of human life — mental, bodily, social, familial — and almost always puts a person in front of spiritual questions. For professionals and volunteers that take part in this work it is essential to understand the spiritual dimension of the experiencing process. A process of spiritual or religious coping is described in foreign literature on clinical psychology, counseling and pastoral care as one of the tools for coping with crisis, that among others serves the goal of adaptation. But theoretical and empirical data shows that it is only one of the types of spiritual coping, which seems to be appropriate to call "instrumental". Aside from it the "value" and "synergetic" types of coping can be singled out — they differ from the instrumental one in their goals, mechanisms, attitude towards reality and other characteristics. The knowledge of different kinds of spiritual coping can enrich the practice of psychological help, counseling and pastoral care.
The role of matrix metalloproteinases in glaucoma pathogenesis
Authors: Beletskaya Inessa Stanislavovna , Astakhov Sergey Yurievich
Published: February 2016

Matrix metalloproteinases belong to an enzyme family, which assure a proteolysis of practically all components of the extracellular matrix of connective tissues in normal and pathological conditions. At physiological conditions, there are evidences on the impact of this enzyme group in the embryogenesis, morphogenesis, angiogenesis, and tissue involution. The activity impairment of matrix metalloproteinases and of their specific inhibitors leads to the biosynthesis misbalance and to the degradation of extracellular matrix components; it plays a role in the development of such diseases as diabetes mellitus, rheumatoid arthritis, and arteriosclerosis. Laboratory tests and clinical investigation results confirm the role of these enzymes in tissue remodeling of different eyeball structures in glaucoma (in particular, of the trabecular meshwork and the optic disc); it leads to intraocular fluid outflow impairment and to the glaucomatous optic neuropathy development. In the review, the analysis of clinical and experimental studies is performed that are dedicated to the investigation of matrix metalloproteinases role in the pathogenesis of different glaucoma types, of the possibility to use them as biomarkers, as well as therapeutic action targets in this disease.
Сlinical criteria of rational travoprost prescribing in primary open-angle glaucoma
Authors: Balalin Sergey Viktorovich , Fokin Viktor Pavlovich
Published: February 2016

The results of the use of travoprost in the treatment of 186 patients with primary open-angle glaucoma (224 eyes). The results confirmed the practical value of medical tests with travoprost and tolerant definition of pressure to select patients on the medication. In order to achieve the stabilization of visual functions needed to fluctuations in intraocular pressure against the background of medical treatment did not exceed the tolerance pressure.
Neuroprotection in the adjunctive treatment of early POAG stages
Authors: Skorobogatov Yury Vyacheslavovich , Morozov Mikhail Alexandrovich , Florentseva Svetlana Sergeevna , Sokolov Vitaly Olegovich , Morozova Natalya Vladimirovna , Astakhov Yury Sergeevich
Published: February 2016

In the article, authors have shown the possibility of the adjunctive treatment of POAG stages 1 and 2 by neuroprotectors of “direct and indirect” action. The data of studies carried on in the Saint-Petersburg Diagnostic Centre #7 from 2005 - to evaluate the efficacy of cytomedine and Ginkgo biloba preparation (EGb 761) - were used. Clinical monitoring of the patients under treatment was based both on objective estimation by instrumental methods: electrophysiology, morphometry, and vascular ones, and on subjective estimation of visual function preservation. Following results were obtained: on the background of adjunctive neuroprotective therapy an improvement of the visual analyzer functional status at theneuron level I, II and III, as well as an increased tolerance of the optic nerve to the increased IOP. Based on the performed study, following conclusions may be drawn: the neuroprotective therapy is a promising perspective of glaucomatous optic neuropathy treatment.
The organization of specialized ophthalmic care during the Great Patriotic War (to the 70th anniversary of the Great Patriotic War End)
Authors: Kulikov Aleksey Nikolaevich , Kirillov Yury Alexeevich , Reituzov Vladimir Alexeevich
Published: February 2016

The article describes the organization of ophthalmic care to wounded patients during the Great Patriotic War at various evacuation phases. The amount of surgeries performed in army and front-line hospitals is shown. The introduction into practice of military ophthalmologists of cornea suturing in perforating eyeball wounds, of intraocular foreign body (IOFB) X-ray localization, and of the diascleral IOFB removal method.
Contents of ACTH and CRF in the rat blood serum after administration of orexin A antagonists in experimental alcoholization
Authors: Vinogradov Petr Mikhailovich , Tissen Ilya Yurievich , Khokhlov Platon Platonovich , Bychkov Eugeny Rudolfovich , Lebedev Andrei Andreevich , Shabanov Petr Dmitriyevich
Published: February 2016

In recent years, the role of ghrelin and orexin systems in the formation of alcoholic addiction has been demonstrated. The aim of the present investigation was to compare quantitatively the CRF and ACTH blood concentrations in the forced and chronic models of alcoholization, as well as the assessment of pharmacological action of synthetic and recombinant antagonists of orexin A on the system CRF-ACTH after experimental alcohol abuse. 89 adult male Wistar rats weighing 250-300 g Wistar were used in the experiment. All experimental animals were divided into 10 groups: intact, with chronic and forced alcoholization, with intranasal administration of orexin A antagonists on alcoholization process and agter its withdrawal. The chronic (during 6 months) and forced (5 days by means of elevating doses up to maximal ones) alcoholization slightly increased ACTH and CRF levels in the blood serum. The withdrawal of ethanol decreased the hormones level. Intranasal administration of orexin A antagonists (both synthetic and recombinant) slightly decreased the ACTH and CRF concentrations in the blood, in more degree after the forced alcoholization. In general, the systemic action of orexin A antagonists on the central stress mechanisms were expressed in little degree. The significant disorders in the ACTH-CRF system were not registered also, both after different regimens of alcoholizations and after intranasal administrations of orexin A antagonists.
[D-Lys 3]-GHRP-6, an antagonist of ghrelin receptors, decreases expression of conditioned place preference reaction of ethanol in rats
Authors: Vinogradov Petr Mikhailovich , Tissen Ilya Yurievich , Lebedev Andrei Andreevich , Bychkov Eugeny Rudolfovich , Lavrov Nikanor Vasilievich , Botkin Eugeny Alexandrovich , Shabanov Petr Dmitriyevich
Published: February 2016

Ghrelin is a peptide hormone synthesized and secreted by the stomach into the bloodstream. The greatest attention of neuroscience research is devoted to investigation of acylated form of ghrelin, which is a specific ligand for the receptor subcortical nuclei of the brain. The aim of this study was to analyze the action of ghrelin and its antagonist on the expression of conditioned place preference (СPP) of ethanol. To develop CPP of alcohol we used a two-chamber apparatus. Rats were spent 74 % of time experiment in chamber associated with alcohol. Rats receiving intranasal receptor ghrelin antagonist [D-Lys3]-GHRP-6 (10 µg) reduced the time of staying in the chamber associated with alcohol for 46 % (p < 0.05). Rats treated with intranasal ghrelin spent in the chamber, associated with alcohol, for 60 % of time. Then the extinction of CPP was produced when rats was replaced into the apparatus every day for 7 days without administration alcohol or any substances. On the 7th day of extinction, CPP was not reproduced. But after administration of ethanol on the 7th day CPP was reinstated. Animals received GHS-R1A receptor ghrelin antagonist [D-Lys3]-GHRP-6 (10 µg) and ethanol spent 50 % of time in chamber associated with the administration of ethanol, i.e. CPP was not reinstated. Animals treated with ghrelin, demonstrated a range of reactions from a sharp preference to avoidance of the place associated with ethanol. Thus, the present study shows the important role of ghrelin in the mechanisms of the reinforcing effects of alcohol and demonstrates the prospect for using of ghrelin antagonists in the correction of pathological craving in addictive disordes.
Comparative estimation of anticonvulsant activity of cumarines umbelliferone, obtusifole and Haplofillum obtusifolium grass decoction
Authors: Barnaulov Oleg Dmitrievich
Published: February 2016

Obtusifole and umbelliferone had low toxicity after enteral administration. Even high obtusifole doses demonstrated weak anticonvulsant activity in the models of maximal electroshock (MES) and pentamethylentetrasole seizures (LD 100). These coumarines were not effective in the models of strychnine- and thiosemycarboside-induced convulsions. They revealed neurotoxical influence, reducing unconditioned reflex, normal adoptive mice behavior and did not prevent the loss of conditioned passive avoiding reflex (CPAR) after MES. These coumarines did not antagonize with synthetic anticonvulsants. The Haplophyllum obtusifolium grass decoction administered enterally was not toxic, because LD minimal might not be fixed. It had no neurotoxical properties, prevented the loss of CPAR and mortality after MES, elevated tolerance to convulsive-mortal pentamethylentetrasole and strychnine action. So this decoction demonstrated cerebroprotective properties. The use of Haplophyllum obtusifolium in traditional medicines of Asiatic states may not be explained by only coumarines. It is based on cerebroprotective properties of this medicine.
Determination of Cadmium Accumulation in Livers and Feces of Kacang Goats Grazing Tsunami Affected Land
Authors: Iskandar Cut Dahlia , Lubis Triva Murtina
Published: February 2016

Penentuan akumulasi cadmium (Cd) dalam hati kambing kacang di daerah tsunamiABSTRAK. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mendeteksi akumulasi cadmium pada hati dan feces kambing Kacang dan sekaligus mengukur kadar akumulasi cadmium tersebut. Limabelas ekor kambing Kacang yang berasal dari rumah potong di daerah Tsunami dan limbelas ekor kambing Kacang yang berasal dari rumah potong di daerah Non-Tsunami. Diikuti dengan lima ekor kambing Kacang dari desa di daerah Tsunami dan lima ekor kambing Kacang dari desa di daerah Non-Tsunami. Ke-empatpuluh ekor kambing Kacang tersebut disembelih untuk diambil hati dan feces. Sebelum hati dan feces tersebut akan dipreparasi untuk analisis akumulasi dari cadmium, dilakukan pengamatan anatomi dari hati dan feces tersebut. Cadmium berakumulasi dihati dan feces dari kambing Kacang, baik yang berasal dari daerah Tsunami dan dari daerah Non-Tsunami. Akumulasi cadmium didalam hati kambing Kacang signifikan lebih tinggi di daerah Non-Tsunami dibandingkan didalam hati kambing Kacang di daerah Tsunami. Pada feces kambing Kacang akumulasi cadmium juga signifikan lebih tinggi di daerah Non-Tsunami dibandingkan didalam feces kambing Kacang di daerah Tsunami.
Identifikasi Sistim Produksi dan Keragaan Produktivitas Domba Ekor Gemuk di Kabupaten Brebes Propinsi Jawa-Tengah
Authors: Sodiq Akhmad
Published: February 2016

Identification of production system and productivity level of fat tailed sheep in brebes regency of central javaABSTRACT. Reproductive performance is one of the main determinants of productivity of the sheep. This applies to the breeding of animal for meat production. High reproduction rates are essential for profit in meat sheep production and determined by the number of progeny delivered in a given period of time. The level of reproductive performance is dependent on the interaction of genetic and environmental factors. The evaluation of reproductive performance of a local and adapted breed of sheep such as Fat Tailed Sheep can provide important information to understand its productive potential under local production system. The study was designed to identify characteristic of production system and to find out the level productivity of Fat Tailed Sheep in Brebes areas of Central Java. Livestock On-Farm Trials (LOFT) using multistage sampling was implemented in this study. Descriptive and variance analysis using procedure of General Linear Model (GLM) was applied in this study. This study revealed that (1) In general, production system in Brebes is based on integration scheme of crop livestock in the form of traditional smallholders. In low land area, mostly extensive and tethering model were implemented. Intensive and semi intensive model was found in landless area. (2) Average litter size at birth was 1.54 head and dominated by double litter, followed by single and triplets (46.8, 47.88 and 4.29%). The highest preweaning lamb mortality was 15% with the average 8.9%. Ewe productivity ranges from 1.76-5.24 with average of 2.14 lamb/ewe/year. Least squares analysis of variance reveals that ewe reproduction rate was significantly affected by type of birth.
Penambahan Molases Untuk Meningkatkan Kualitas Amoniasi Jerami Padi dan Pengaruhnya terhadap Produk Fermentasi Rumen Secara In-Vitro
Authors: Bata Muhamad , Hidayat Nur
Published: February 2016

Supplementation of molasses to improve the quality of rice straw ammonization and its effect on fermentation product in-vitroABSTRACT. Aimed of this research was to find out the optimal level of molasses addition at straw rice ammonization process to N-NH3 production, VFA and microbe protein synthesis. Material used was rumen fluid of fistula cattle, rice straw, water, urea and molasses. Treatment tried was level of molasses addition 0%, 15% and 30% on rice straw which given urea. Research was carried out by experimental method as in vitro, was conducted use completely randomized design. Variable measured were N-NH3, VFA and microbe protein synthesis. Intake data entered in data tabulation and analyzed variance then continued by orthogonal polynomial test. Research result after ammonization indicated that acidity level and concentration of released NH3 decrease parallel with addition of molasses level, and also increase the nutrient content which was crude protein increase and crude fiber decrease. Variance analysis and Test of orthogonal polynomial result indicated that treatment of molasses addition have highly significant effect (P0.01) and linier respond to concentration of released NH3 after ammonization. Research result as in vitro indicated concentration N-NH3 and VFA total decrease while microbe protein synthesis increase. Variance analysis result indicated that molasses addition treatment at straw rice ammonization process have highly significant (P 0.01) on concentration of N-NH3, VFA total and Microbe Protein Synthesis. Test of orthogonal polynomial for molasses addition at straw rice ammonization process indicated linier respond on concentration of NH3 N-NH3 and VFA total, but microbe protein synthesis quadratic had respond (P 0,01) white regression equation Y= 52.187-1.089222X + 0.11X2 (r2) 87.27 and (r) 0.9341. Research result could conclude that molasses addition up to level 30% able to improve quality of straw rice ammonization process by NH3 fixation so that increase nutrient ingredient, decrease NH3 that lost to atmosphere, improve utilization of N-NH3 and VFA and also increase microbe protein synthesis.
Kemampuan Susu Fermentasi Lactobacillus plantarum Menghambat Salmonella typhymurium Secara In Vitro
Authors: Hanum Zuraida
Published: February 2016

The ability of Lactobacillus plantarum fermented milk to inhibit Salmonella typhymurium in vitroABSTRACT. This research used Lactobacillus plantarum as a milk starter (concentration 3, 4, 5 %) and incubated for 48 hours at room temperature. Observation fermented begin from the first day of this product until 7 days and its still stored at room temperature. First analysis conducted on milk in this research were Storch, pH, acidity titration, fat, and dry matter. Milk fermentation analysis of Lactobcillus plantarum including pH, degree of dornik acidity and microbe activity test. Experimental design used is Repeated Measurement with three replications. Data colected analyzed by ANOVA test. If there is significant different between treatments, followed by Least Significant Test. Complete pasteurization result test (Storch) found that milk stay white, it means that peroksidase enzyme completely disappear and milk completely pasteurization. The ability of suppressing observed by Salmonella typhymurium in Nutrient Agar and challenge with Lactobacillus plantarum fermented milk 3%, 4% and 5% (50 μl/well). Tetracyline, chloramphenicol and a plain paper disc are used as control. Lactobacillus plantarum fermented milk of starter concentration 5%-first day has the biggest inhabitation zone by Salmonella typhimurium (9.39 mm). Range of pH showed between 4.84 to 4.14 and the acidity between 114.67 0D to 365.67 0D. Sensitivity test showed that Salmonella typhymurium more sensitive than chloramphenicol and tetracyline antibiotic.
Analisis Tingkat Keuntungan, Keunggulan Kompetitif, Keunggulan Komparatif, dan Dampak Kebijakan Impor Pada Usaha Peternakan Sapi Potong di Provinsi Jawa Barat
Authors: Yuzaria Dwi , Suryadi Dadi
Published: February 2016

The analysis of profitability, comparative advantage, competitive advantage and import policy impact on beef cattle fattening in west javaABSTRACT. The beef cattle fattening in Indonesia is financially and economically beneficial, even though the production process is in an economical condition with various trading policies with others countries. Those including the policies of import tarrif and quota on input that are aimed to have a more expensive price of import input, hence giving the chance for domestic input to compete. These will be an advantage for domestic feedloter, however the result of governmental policy are often far from expectation. Research conducted in West Java. This research used the survey method, with multistage random sampling and analyzed by using the Policy Analysis Matrix model to measure the efficiency of the business performance of beef cattle fattening. Result of the research shows that beef cattle fattening reached financial and economical benefits. Feedloters of local and imported cows in west Java has competitive advantage, local cows is more competitive than imported cows. Meanwhile efficiency indicator shows that feedloters of imported cows has more comparative advantage compared to the feedloters of local cow.
Analisis Proksimat Amoniasi Jerami Padi Dengan Penambahan Isi Rumen
Authors: Hanum Zuraida , Usman Yunasri
Published: February 2016

The proximate analysis of ammoniated rice straw added with rumen contentABSTRACT. A study about proximate analysis on ammoniated rice straw that added with rumen content was conducted at Agricultural Faculty, Syiah Kuala University. Field research was done at Experimental Farm Animal Husbandry Department, followed by proximate analysis done in the Animal Feed Laboratory. Factorial completely randomizes design with four replications was applied in this research. Storage time (4 Level) was the first factor analyzed, and the second one was the rumen content level (4 level). Analysis of variance was used to determine the differences among treatments. When it occurred, it followed by working on the Duncan Multiple Test to find the difference of each treatment. Data record were taken from the percentages of dry matter, crude fiber, crude protein, crude lipid, and ash. Rice straw and rumen content were analyzed before treatments were applied. The study result indicated that the storage times of ammoniated rice straw that were given rumen content decreased the percentage of crude fiber and dry matter in highly significant different (P0.01). On the other hand, the percentage of ash and crude protein were increased also in highly significant difference (P0.01). Meanwhile, the percentage of crude lipid due to both storage time and rumen content added factors showed highly significant different (P0.01). The storage time up to fourth week, and adding of 25 % rumen content to ammoniated rice straw, can increase it nutritive value. It was concluded that generally the quality of product resulted from this research was very good. Therefore it is acceptable to provide to animals.
Polimorfisme Protein Darah Itik Pegagan dengan Metode PAGE
Authors: Sari Meisji Liana , Noor Ronny Rachman , Hardjosworo Peni S. , Nisa Chairun
Published: February 2016

polymorphism of blood protein pegagan duck by PAGE methodABSTRACT. Pegagan duck is one of local duck species which comes from Ogan Ilir (OI) Regency, South Sumatera. This species is not popular, yet. But, it has spread out along Ogan river which comprises of three districts e.g Tanjung Raja, Inderalaya and Pemulutan. The ecosystem in this three districts is dominated by swampy area. As far, there is relatively limited information of Pegagan duck compared to another local duck. So, for the first step was done a reseach to identify genetic characteristic from blood protein analyses by electrophoresis method. It is expected that this information will become the bases in determining of the policy of Pegagan duck development. Polymorphism analyses of blood protein was done with 9 duck samples which taken randomly from 400 pegagan ducks. Protein locus observed were albumin (Alb), post albumin (Pa), transferrine (Tf), post transferrine-1 (Ptf-1), and post transferrine-2 (Ptf-2). Polymorphism analyses of blood protein of pegagan duck was characterized by allele A in locus Transferrine (TfA), Post transferrine-1 (Ptf-1A) and Post transferrine-2 (Ptf-2A) . Genetic diversity based on blood protein of Pegagan duck showed that gen frequency value in a range of 0,11 – 0,94 and high heterozygosis value that was 0,62 %.
Penggunaan Onggok sebagai Sumber Energi dalam Ransum Sapi
Authors: Suwandyastuti S.N.O. , Rimbawanto Efka Aris
Published: February 2016

The utilization of cassava meal residues as energy source in dairy cows rationABSTRACT. The dairy farmer in the rural village, usually use rice brain and coconut meat kernels as the energy source, although coconut meat kernels is less palatable and too expensive. It is, therefore, important to seek for the other materials which are locally available and inexpensive. An experiment had carried out, using five lactating dairy cows in a Change Over Design as long as five periods. Each period lasted for 21 days, consisted of 14 days preliminary and seven days observation period. The animal function as column and the period as row, so that its 5 x 5 Latin Square. The treatment tested are five substitution levels of coconut meat kernels by cassava meal residues of 5, 7.5, 10, 12.5 and 15 percent dry matter ration respectively. The variables measured were : (1) ration digestibility and essential minerals balance; (2) daily milk production and milk composition; (3) rumen fermentation product. Based on the analysis of variance of all variables measured the experiment suggested that cassava meal residues can be used as the energy source to substitute coconut meat kernels in kernels in lactating dairy cattle ration of 5 up to 15 percent dry matter ration, without causing physiological disorder moreover, increases the milk composition.
Interval Waktu Penambahan Ampas Mengkudu (Morinda citrifolia L.) dalam Ransum terhadap Performans Ayam Broiler
Authors: Primandini Yuni , Mahfudz Luthfi Djauhari , Sukamto Bambang
Published: February 2016

Time interval of supplementation of Morinda citrifolia L. by product on the performance broiler chicken ABSTRACT. The research using Completely Randomized Design with 3x2 factorial arrangement and 4 replicated. Dose of Morinda citrifolia by product (T) that is 0 g/kg ( T0); 0.50 g/kg ( T1); 0.75 g/kg ( T2) and 1.00 g/kg (T3) as first factor and time interval that is continue (A1) and 1 week interval (A2) as second factor. The performance parameters observed were : feed intake, body weight and small intestine measure. The result showed that no significant effect of time interval and interaction between time interval with Morinda citrifolia by product dose (p0.05) on feed intake and small intestine measure. The addition dose of Morinda citrifolia by product increased (p0.05) body weight, there was interaction (p0.05) between time interval and Morinda citrifolia by product dose on body weight.
Pengaruh Pupuk Organik Cair NASA terhadap Nitrogen Bintil Akar dan Produksi Macroptilium Atropurpureum
Authors: Husin M. Nur
Published: February 2016

The effect of liquid organic fertilizing NASA on nitrogen root nodule and production of siratro ABSTRACT.  A study was carried out in Experimental Farm and Laboratory for Animal Nutrition of the Faculty of Agriculture in Syiah Kuala University, Darussalam Banda Aceh to know the dose of liquid organic fertilizing (LOF) NASA on nitrogen root nodule and production of Siratro plants. The study use pot (plastic bag) containing 15 kg of soil. The soil type was of kind of Alluvial. Experimental design was of Completely Randomized Design (CRD). Treatment with LOF NASA was of 0.00 cc/l water, 2.50 cc/l water, 5.00 cc/l water, 7.50 cc/l water, and 10 cc/l water. Result showed that a maximum nitrogen root nodule of Siratro 8.54 mg/m2/day and maximum dry matter production of Siratro 2.26 g/m2/day was founded at 10 cc/l water LOF NASA.
Peningkatan Mutu Jerami Padi, Dedak Padi dan Onggok dengan Fermentasi Fungi dan Yeast
Authors: Suwandyastuti S.N.O. , Rimbawanto Efka Aris , Prayitno Prayitno
Published: February 2016

The quality improvement of rice straw, rice bran and cassava waste by fermentation of fungi and yeast ABSTRACT. Biomass of agricultural residues are highly potential as ruminant feedstuff. However, it is characterized by high content of indigestible fiber and low nutritive value, due to the strong hydrogen bonds in the lignocelluloses. Biological treatment by using microbes seems to be an alternative, because of the capability, with no pollution problem. An experiment has been conducted to seek for the fungi and yeast which capable to improve the quality of rice straw, rice bran and cassava waste. The trial was done by the technique of in sacco and in vitro, in a completely randomized block design. The variables measure were : dry matter and protein digestibility, protein solubility and nutrient composition of the fermentation product. Based on the all variables measure, the current study concluded that the microbes chosen were : monoculture of T. viride for rice straw, monoculture of A. niger for rice bran and biculture of A luchuensis and S. cereviseae for cassava waste.
Management Practices in Rearing Buffalo Viewed from The Technical Aspect Management in Gayo Lues District
Authors: Sari Eka Meutia , Basri Hasan , Safrizal Safrizal
Published: February 2016

Tatalaksana pemeliharaan kerbau ditinjau dari aspek teknis pemeliharaan di kabupaten gayo lues ABSTRAK. Survey lapangan telah dilakukan untuk mengetahui tatalaksana pemeliharaan ternak kerbau di Kabupaten Gayo Lues Nanggroe Aceh Darussalam. Empat puluh empat peternak kerbau di wawancara dan observasi langsung pada tiga daerah yang berbeda yaitu Blangkejeren, Kutapanjang dan Rikit Gaib. Data yang diperlukan dalam penelitian ini berasal dari pengukuran dan perhitungan terhadap aspek-aspek teknis pemeliharaan ternak yang mengacu kepada pedoman yang dikeluarkan oleh Direktorat Jenderal Peternakan Indonesia tahun 1992, meliputi: pemuliaan dan reproduksi, makanan ternak, tatalaksana pemeliharaan, tujuan pemeliharaan dan kesehatan ternak. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa tatalaksana pemeliharaan kerbau di Kabupaten Gayo Lues masih rendah, yaitu 42.33 % dari standard Direktorat Jenderal Peternakan Indonesia. Penerapan aspek teknis dari pemuliaan dan reproduksi, makanan ternak, tatalaksana pemeliharaan, tujuan pemeliharaan dan kesehatan ternak masing-masing 52.95%, 18.22%, 38.46%, 60.71%, dan 74.73%.
Suplementasi Urea Molasis Blok untuk Meningkatkan Penampilan Kambing Peranakan Etawah yang Diberi Pakan Hijauan Gamal
Authors: Siti Ni Wayan , Sucipta I. G. M. A. , Mudita I. M. , Partama I. B. G. , Cakra I.G.L.O.
Published: February 2016

The supplementation of urea molasses block for increasing performance of ettawah crossbred goats fed diet containing gliricidia spium green forage ABSTRACT. The aimed of this experiment to study the supplementation of urea molasses block for performance increased of ettawah crossbred goats fed diet containing Gliricidia spium green forage has been conducted at Tabanan regency and Animal Nutrition Laboratory. The Latin Square Design which four treatments and four replicates was used in this experiment. The four treatments were the levels of urea molasses block : 0, 50, 100 and 150g respectively. The animal access to ad libitum Gliricidia spium green forage and drink water. The animal fed twice a day urea molasses block at the morning and at the afternoon. The variables which were observed including feed consumption, nutrient digestibility, body weight gain and feed conversion ratio. The result of this experiment showed dry matter feed consumption, drink water, nutrient digestibility of the four treatments is not significantly different (P 0.05). The body weight gain at treatment C was significantly higher (P 0.05), but feed conversion ratio (FCR) was significantly lower (P 0.05) than treatments A, B and D. From the results in this experiment it can be concluded that the used of urea molasses block 100g on the effect to increased the performance of ettawah crossbred goats with basal diet Gliricidia spium green forage.
Pemisahan Spermatozoa Berkromosom X dan Y Kambing Boer dan Aplikasinya Melalui Inseminasi Buatan Untuk Mendapatkan Jenis Kelamin Anak Sesuai Harapan
Authors: Dasrul Dasrul , Yaman M. Aman , Zulfan Zulfan
Published: February 2016

Separation of spermatozoa with x and y chromosome at boer goat and its application by artificial insemination for kid sex purposeABSTRACT. The purposes of this experiment are to investigate the separation of X and Y spermatozoa by measuring the spermatozoa quality, sex ratio between X and Y, capacity of fertility indicated by conception rate and sex ratio of goat boar kids. Samples, used in this experiment, are fresh semen from Boer goat with high quality consists of 4 group treatments with 6 replications 1) group of spermatozoa without separation (control), 2) group of spermatozoa separated by percoll gradient density centrifugation 3 levels (P1), 5 levels (P2) and swine up (P3). The observed parameters are spermatozoa quality, X and Y spermatozoa ratio, fertility’s capacity and sex ratio on the birth. Quality examination of spermatozoa and identify X and Y spermatozoa is based on the standard method of WHO. The conception rate was based on the ratio of pregnant goat after the first insemination. Data of spermatozoa quality and spermatozoa ratio were analyzed by using analisis of variance (ANOVA) and further analysis by LSD if there were differences between treatments. The results of this experiment showed that spermatozoa quality Boer goat significantly reduced (p0,05) after separation with percoll gradient density centrifugation  and swim up. Percentage spermatozoa X after percoll gradient density centrifugation was significantly higher (P0,05) compared to control and swim up. Meanwhile, the Y spermatozoa population was significantly higher (P0,05) after swim up treatment compared to percoll gradient density centrifugation and control. The percentage of sex ratio (male: female) after insemination from percoll gradient density centrifugation produced more female than male. On the other hand, insemination from swim up produced more male than female. Sex ratio produced from separation of percoll gradient density centrifugation, swim up was difference from control semen (P0,05). From this experiment, it was concluded that spermatozoa separation by percoll gradient density centrifugation and swim up can be used as one of the methods to separate   X and Y spermatozoa and further can be applied to get preferred sex animals.
Kajian Level Kadar Air dan Ukuran Partikel Bahan Pakan Terhadap Penampilan Fisik Wafer
Authors: Pujaningsih Retno Iswarin , Prasetiyono Bambang Waluyo Hadi Eko , Mukodiningsih Sri , Tampoebolon Baginda Iskandar Moeda , Utama Cahya Setya
Published: February 2016

Study on the level of water content and particle size of feed ingredients to the physical appearance of wafer ABSTRACT. This study attempted wafer manufacturing technology development of conventional feed ingredients. The benefit of wafer increase feed consumption and feed efficiency, increase the metabolizable energy content of the feed, kill pathogenic bacteria, reduce the amount of feed scattered, extending the storage time, ensure the balance of feed nutrients and vitamins to prevent oxidation. Research was continuing several research activities on wafer manufacturing technology that has been done and continues to be developed by the researchers. The long term goal of a series of research is to obtain basic information to the wafer manufacturing optimum quality and measurable. Specific target is to obtain basic information about the quality of the wafer on the level of water content and the use of a certain particle size. The research method used was experimental and analytical methods in the laboratory. The results showed that based on the test of physical qualities (moisture content, density, water absorption) showed that the use of the level of moisture content up to 8% with a particle size of 10-20 mm feed material provides the best physical appearance of wafer.
Pengaruh Nisbah Energi-Protein, Nitrogen-Sulfur dan Kalsium-Fosfor Terhadap Produk Metabolisme Rumen dan Kecernaan Substrat
Authors: Suwandyastuti S.N.O.
Published: February 2016

Influence of the ratio of energy-protein, nitrogen-sulphur, and calsium-phosphor upon rumen metabolism product and digestibility of substratABSTRACT. The Rumen microbes are capable to digest the glucosa polymer of plant waste for energy source and can used the Non Protein Nitrogen (NPN) for body protein synthesis, if the other precussor (Sulphur, Phospor and Branch Chain of Carbon) are available.  To know the effectivity of the utilization of plant waste for energy, an experiment have been conducted by in vitro method, used the Randomized Black Design, four replication, factorial 33.  The factors tested are : (1) three levels of energy : protein (E/P) ratio : 4, 5 and 6; (2) three levels of Nitrogen : Sulphur (N/S)ratio: 7.5, 10 and 12.5; (3) three levels of Calsium : Phospor (Ca/P) ratio : 0.5, 1 and 2. The variables measured are : synthesis of protein microbes (SPM) ; production of Volatile Fatty Acid (VFA) and Nitrogen Ammonia (N-NH3); the digestibility of substrat. Based on the all variable measured, the experiment can be concluded : (1) the effectivity of the utilization of rice straw will be increased if it used is fortified with 50 percent TDN as energy source (E/P=4), 0.20 percent dry matter of sulphur (N/S=10) and 0.0625 - 0.125 percent dry matter (DM) of phospor (Ca/P=1.0 – 2.0); (2) To stimulate the activity of cellulolytic microbes, its need the fortification of sulphur until reach the optimum level (must be investigated).
Penambahan Tepung Daun Katuk (Saurupus Androgynus L. Merr) dalam Ransum Terhadap Pertambahan Berat Badan dan Lingkar Scrotum Kambing Jantan Peranakan Ettawa
Authors: Yustendi Dedhi , Dasrul Dasrul , Rachmadi Didy
Published: February 2016

The addition of katuk leaf meal (saurupus androgynus l.merr) in feeds on body weight gain and scrotal circumference  male ettawa grade goatsABSTRACT. This research was aimed to study the effect of addition of katuk leaf meal (Sauropus androgynus L. Merr)  in feed on body weight gain and scrotal circumference of male Ettawa grade goat. The research lasted for eight months, starting Agustus 2012 to Maret 2013, with feeding trial for two months. Twenty male Ettawa grade goats of 18 to 24 months old, were divided into 4 treatment groups. Treatment groups were added with 0% Katuk leaf meal (R0);  5% (R1);  10%  (R2) and 15%  (R3), with 5  goats in each replication. Treatment diets were feed in the morning and afternoon for 60 days. Weighing body weight and measuring scrotal circumference was done every week. Data were analyzed using analysis of variance (ANOVA) and if there was significantly different, the data were further tested using Duncan multiple range test. The result shows that the body weight gain of the treatment were, R0 (2,39 ± 0,43 kg); R1 (2,84 ± 0,36 kg); R2 (2,85 ± 0,20 kg) and R3 (3,42 ± 0,78 kg) respectively. Scrotal circumference were, R0 (0,74 ± 0,10 cm); R1 (1,24 ± 0,26 cm); R2 (1,26 ± 0,40 cm) dan R3 (1,32 ± 0,32 cm) respectively. The result of this research indicated that the addition of katuk leaf meal in feed had significant effects (P0,05) on body weight gain and scrotal circumference of Ettawa grade goat.
Analisa Keasaman dan Total Bakteri Asam Laktat Yogurt Akibat Bahan Baku dan Persentase Lactobacillus casei yang Berbeda
Authors: Zakaria Yusdar , Yurliasni Yurliasni , Delima Mira , Diana Ely
Published: February 2016

Analyze of acidity and amount of lactic acid bacteria of yogurt made from different milk types and lactobacillus casei percentageABSTRACT. The objective of this experiment is to determine the effect of milk types and percentages of Lactobacillus casei as a starter to the amount of Lactic Acid Bacteria in yogurt and its pH value and Lactic Acid value.  Factorial Completely Randomized Design with two factors and three replications was applied.  The A factor was the milk types that were a1 = Powder Milk, a2 = Fresh Milk and a3 = UHT milk.  The B factor was the percentages of Lactobacillus casei  (b1 = 5% and b2 = 10%).  Parameters observed were the level of lactic acid, the pH value of yogurt and the amount of lactic acid bacteria.  The result showed  significantly difference (P0.01) from the use of milk types and Lactobacillus casei percentages on the lactic acid level, and there are no interaction between factors.  There was also significant different (P0.01) showed from pH value and an interaction between both factors was presented.  In addition there was significant difference (P0.05) showed by the amount of lactic acid bacteria, and an interaction between both factors was also existed.  The research concluded that the higher the percentage of starter, the higher the level of lactic acid and the amount of lactic acid bacteria of yogurt that made from all milk types.  On the contrary, the higher the percentage of starter, the lower the pH value of yogurt.
Pengaruh Isolat Bakteri Asam Laktat dari Feses Pedet Sapi Perah Baru Lahir Terhadap Produksi Asam Laktat dan Perubahan pH pada Ampas Tahu
Authors: Jasin Ismail , Bachrudin Zaenal
Published: February 2016

The effect of lactic acid bacteria (LAB) isolate culture from  young calves feces on the lactic acid production and ph tofu wasteABSTRACT.  The objective of this study was to study the effect of  isolated lactic acid bacteria (BAL) addition on lactic acid production and pH of  tofu waste and   for improving  the  expired   tofu waste  industry. Inoculum from   liquid  media  as  starter was applied  anaerobically  for  0%;  5%  and  10%  and  different  incubation  time  were  0;  3;  6; 12;  24; 48  and  72  hours.  Variabel  measure in  this  study  were  lactic acid  production  and  pH. The  different level addition   level  of  inoculum percentage applied in tofu waste improve    expired date of tofu  waste  industry,  and  incubation time very significantly increase  lactic acid  production   (P0.01). As a  conclusion  of  this study  showed  that 10%  of inoculum   and  24 hours  incubation  perform an optimum  of  tofu  waste  industry  fermentation.
Pemberian Pakan Serat Sisa Tanaman Pertanian (Jerami Kacang Tanah, Jerami Jagung, Pucuk Tebu) Terhadap Evolusi pH, N-NH3 dan VFA Di dalam Rumen Sapi
Authors: Usman Yunasri
Published: February 2016

(Feeding agricultural crop residues (groundnut straw, corn straw, sugarcane straw) to the pH evolution, N-NH3 and VFA in the cow rumen)ABSTRACT. The goal of this study is to evaluate the condition of fermentation in the rumen of cows by administration of 3 types of feed fiber agricultural crop residues (Groundnut Straw (GS), Corn Straw (CS) and Sugarcane Tops (ST)). Single feeding wascarried out at 2 Holstein Friesian Crossbred (HFC) cows with the age of 4-5 by fistula rumen.This study was conducted 20 days and with a 14-dayadaptation period.At the end of the adaptation period, rumen fluid was collected to measure pH, N-NH3and VFA based on feed treatment percow.Collection of rumen fluid was simultanous conducted for 24 hours at 27 time points decision.The results of the experiment showed that the level of pH for GS, CS and ST was 7.02 + 0.29; 6.54 + 0.16 and 6.54 + 0.14 respectively. The level of N-NH3 was 4.90 + 2.10 mg/100 ml of rumen fluid; 7.36 + 3.10 mg/100 ml of rumen fluid; 2.26 + 0.85 mg/100 ml of rumen fluidfor GS, CS and ST, respectively. Meanwile, the level of VFA was 57.44 + 12.75 mmol/l ml, 64.84 + 10.82 mmol/l and 44.13 + 6.66 mmol/l ml of rumen fluid, respectively.
Peningkatan Kualitas Jerami Padi dan Pengaruhnya Terhadap Kecernaan Nutrien dan Produk Fermentasi Rumen Kerbau dengan Feces Sebagai Sumber Inokulum
Authors: Syapura Syapura , Bata Muhamad , Pratama Wardhana Surya
Published: February 2016

Improving of rice straw quality and its effect on ability nutrient digestibility and rumen metabolism products of buffalo in-vitro with feces as inoculum source ABSTRACT.  This study was aimed to determine the effect of feeding  ammoniated rice straw plus concentrate on buffalo nutrient digestibility and rumen fermentation products by in vitro. The Research was carried out by using  experimental method, designed according to completely  randomized design (CRD). The source of inoculum was obtain from different feces of three  buffalos kept in  Datar Village of Purwokerto region fed  rice straw, rice straw plus concentrate and rice straw ammoniated plus concentrate with dry matter ratio of 80 : 20. The treatments tested consisted of three treatments, namely R0 =  control feed using rice straw; R1 = the use of rice straw plus concentrate with a ratio of  (DM basis) 80:20; R2 = the use of ammoniated rice straw plus concentrate with a ratio of (DM basis) 80:20. The treatments were repeated 7 times, so there were 21 experimental units. The Variables measured included total VFA, Ratio A/P, N-NH3, Microbial Protein Synthesis (MPS),   Dry Matter and Organic Matter Digestibility. The result of this study showed that the treatment had an effect significant (P0.05) on the concentration of VFA, Ratio A/P,  N-NH3,  Microbial Protein Synthesis (MPS), and Dry Matter and Organic Matter Digestibility. The HSD test showed that the highest production of  VFA,Ratio A/P, N-NH3, Microbial Protein Synthesis (MPS), Dry Matter and Organic Matter Digestibility were achieved at R2 followed by R1 and R0 respectively. The conclusion is that the ammoniated rice straw supplemented with concentrate can be recommended to be fed to buffalo
Kinerja dan Perbaikan Sistim Produksi Peternakan Sapi Potong Berbasis Kelompok di Pedesaan
Authors: Sodiq Akhmad , Hidayat Nur
Published: February 2016

(Performance and improving beef cattle production system of farmer group based in the rural areas)ABSTRACT. The objectives of this study was to determine the performance of beef cattle farm under improved production systems of farmer group in the rural areas. Data were collected from 20 beef cattle farmer groups located in Cilacap, Banyumas, Banjarnegara and Kebumen regencies. Intervension factors such as improved production system including aspects of institutional, banking access, diversification of business, trading, and development programs. Regular reporting, interviews, field observations, and forum group discussion were implemented. Descriptive analysis was applied in this study. Variables focused on livestock production systems improvement, type and performance of development program, social resource potential and group dynamics, productivity levels, and also proposed program and recommendations of action programs. This study revealed that 10% of beef cattle farmer group implementing fattening cattle, and mostly (90%) applying combination of cow-calf operation and fattening. All of the beef cattle farmer group (100%) had a high score of social resources potential, while the group dynamics tend to stable (60%) and increased (40%). Mean of reproduction performance were 2.4 (S/C), 13.7 month (calving interval), and 76.5% (pregnancy rate). In general, BCS ranging from 4 to 7 with the highest score of 6 (45%) and followed by 7 (40%). Follow-up activities for recommendation of the action program could be the Beef Cattle Cluster Development of Farmer Group Based in the Rural Areas.
Quality of Agricultural by Products Fermented by Trichoderma harzianum
Authors: Nurhayati Nurhayati , Nelwida Nelwida
Published: February 2016

(Kualitas limbah produk pertanian yang difermentasi dengan trichoderma harzianum)ABSTRAK. Telah dilakukan penelitian untuk mengetahui pengaruh fermentasi menggunakan Trichoderma harzianum terhadap kualitas limbah pertanian sehingga dapat digunakan sebagai bahan pakan non konvensional pada ternak unggas. Sekam padi, kulit pisang dan kulit nanas digunakan dalam penelitian ini dan difermentasi dengan T. harzianum selama 7 hari. Penelitian dirancang menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap pola faktorial dengan 2 faktor yaitu 3 jenis limbah pertanian (sekam padi, kulit pisang dan kulit nanas) dan 4 level T. harzianum ( 0, 4, 8 dan 12%). Setiap unit perlakuan diulang 4 kali. Parameter yang diamati yaitu kandungan bahan kering, protein kasar dan serat kasar. Data yang dihimpun dianalisis menggunakan analisis ragam (ANOVA) dan Uji Jarak Berganda Duncan. Hasil penelitian memperlihatkan bahwa terdapat perbedaan yang nyata (P0.05) kualitas kulit nanas, kulit pisang dan sekam padi setelah difermentasi menggunakan T. harzianum. Kandungan protein kasar kulit nanas dan sekam padi lebih tinggi dibandingkan kulit pisang sedangkan kandungan serat kasarnya lebih rendah. Semakin meningkat level penggunaan T. harzianum pada fermentasi kulit nanas dan sekam padi maka semakin meningkat kandungan protein kasar dan semakin menurun kandungan serat kasarnya. Berbeda dengan kulit pisang, yang kualitasnya tidak nyata dipengaruhi oleh meningkatnya level T. harzianum. Disimpulkan bahwa T. harzianum dapat digunakan untuk memfermentasi limbah pertanian yang kaya kandungan serat untuk meningkatkan kandungan protein dan menurunkan serat kasarnya. Kulit nanas dan sekam padi memiliki kualitas lebih tinggi setelah difermentasi menggunakan 12 % T. harzianum. Kulit pisang tidak disarankan untuk difermentasi menggunakan T. harzianum.