bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A comparative study of patients’ satisfaction with different levels of hospitals in Beijing: why do patients prefer high-level hospitals?
Authors: Cui Chengsen , Zuo Xu , Wang Yujia , Song Haiyan , Shi Jingyu , Meng Kai
Published: July 2020

Background

To promote the integration of medical resources, Beijing has built medical alliances since 2012, but this reform has not changed the state of disordered medical treatment. Patients are still willing to go to high-level hospitals for medical treatment. What causes patients to prefer high-level hospitals? To explore the reasons behind this preference for high-level medical treatment among patients and to guide patients to make visits in an orderly manner, we conducted this study and compared patients’ satisfaction with hospitals of different levels in the context of medical resource integration.

Methods

This study conducted a questionnaire survey among 1250 patients who were selected in 18 medical alliances in Beijing from October to December 2016. The study type is a comparative study based on cross-sectional data. Patient satisfaction was the main outcome, and descriptive analysis, chi-square tests, nonparametric tests and binary logistic regression analysis were used. The level of statistical significance was set at p < 0.05.

Results

The overall satisfaction score of the medical alliances was 3.375, and the satisfaction scores of core hospitals and cooperative hospitals were 2.77 and 3.07, respectively. The overall patient satisfaction rate was 44.62%, and the satisfaction rates of core hospitals and cooperative hospitals were 34.34 and 50.43%, respectively. The type of hospital and understanding of medical alliance policy were the factors associated with patient satisfaction with the medical alliance.

Conclusions

The patients’ satisfaction with cooperative hospitals was higher than their satisfaction with core hospitals. Although the patients were more satisfied with the service attitude of the cooperative hospitals, they still preferred core hospitals due to their higher expectations for their medical treatment and greater trust in their medical technology. It is necessary to explore the establishment of closed medical alliances under the unified management of human and financial resources to enable medical alliances to become a community of common interests and provide integrated medical services for patients.
m6A modification-mediated BATF2 acts as a tumor suppressor in gastric cancer through inhibition of ERK signaling
Authors: Xie Jian-Wei , Huang Xiao-Bo , Chen Qi-Yue , Ma Yu-Bin , Zhao Ya-Jun , Liu Li-Chao , Wang Jia-Bin , Lin Jian-Xian , Lu Jun , Cao Long-Long , Lin Mi , Tu Ru-Hong , Zheng Chao-Hui , Huang Chang-Ming , Li Ping
Published: July 2020

Background

BATF2, also known as SARI, has been implicated in tumor progression. However, its role, underlying mechanisms, and prognostic significance in human gastric cancer (GC) are elusive.

Methods

We obtained GC tissues and corresponding normal tissues from 8 patients and identified BATF2 as a downregulated gene via RNA-seq. qRT-PCR and western blotting were applied to examine BATF2 levels in normal and GC tissues. The prognostic value of BATF2 was elucidated using tissue microarray and IHC analyses in two independent GC cohorts. The functional roles and mechanistic insights of BATF2 in GC growth and metastasis were evaluated in vitro and in vivo.

Results

BATF2 expression was significantly decreased in GC tissues at both the mRNA and protein level. Multivariate Cox regression analysis revealed that BATF2 was an independent prognostic factor and effective predictor in patients with GC. Low BATF2 expression was remarkably associated with peritoneal recurrence after curative gastrectomy. Moreover, elevated BATF2 expression effectively suppressed GC growth and metastasis in vitro and in vivo. Mechanistically, BATF2 binds to p53 and enhances its protein stability, thereby inhibiting the phosphorylation of ERK. Tissue microarray results indicated that the prognostic value of BATF2 was dependent on ERK activity. In addition, the N6-methyladenosine (m6A) modification of BATF2 mRNA by METTL3 repressed its expression in GC.

Conclusions

Collectively, our findings indicate the pivotal role of BATF2 in GC and highlight the regulatory function of the METTL3/BATF2/p53/ERK axis in modulating GC progression, which provides potential prognostic and therapeutic targets for GC treatment.
Relationship of objectively measured physical activity and sedentary behaviour with health-related quality of life among breast cancer survivors
Authors: Nurnazahiah Ali , Shahril Mohd Razif , Nor Syamimi Zakarai , Ahmad Aryati , Sulaiman Suhaina , Lua Pei Lin
Published: July 2020

Background

Lack of physical activity throughout one’s lifetime has been associated with obesity and it is also an important risk factor of breast cancer. This study aimed to determine the relationship between objectively measured physical activity and sedentary behaviour with health-related quality of life (HRQoL) among breast cancer survivors in the East Coast region of Peninsular Malaysia.

Methods

A cross-sectional study involving 83 breast cancer survivors was carried out in two main government referral hospitals in the region. Participants wore the ActivPAL3™ microdevice physical activity monitor for seven consecutive days. The validated European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer Quality of Life Questionnaires (EORTC QLQ–C30) and Breast Cancer Supplementary Measure (EORTC QLQ-BR23) were used to measure their HRQoL. Multiple linear regression analysis was conducted to determine the relationship between objectively measured physical activity and sedentary behaviour with HRQoL.

Results

Longer time spent on moderate to vigorous physical activity (MVPA) was significantly associated with an improvement of HRQoL (p = 0.039) whereas longer time spent on sedentary behaviour significantly reduced the functioning score (p = 0.005). In addition, prolonged sedentary bouts were also significantly associated with better body image that led to improved HRQoL (p = 0.013).

Conclusions

The study findings suggest that an increase in the time spent on MVPA was associated with improved HRQoL while sedentary behaviour was associated with poorer HRQoL among breast cancer survivors. Thus, it is essential to displace sedentary behaviour with MVPA to improve the quality of life of breast cancer survivors.
A literature-based approach for curating gene signatures in multifaceted diseases
Authors: Garand Mathieu , Kumar Manoj , Huang Susie Shih Yin , Al Khodor Souhaila
Published: July 2020

Background and aims

The task of identifying a representative and yet manageable target gene list for assessing the pathogenesis of complicated and multifaceted diseases is challenging. Using Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD) as an example, we conceived a bioinformatic approach to identify novel genes associated with the various disease subtypes, in combination with known clinical control genes.

Methods

From the available literature, we used Acumenta Literature LabTM (LitLab), network analyses, and LitLab Gene Retriever to assemble a gene pool that has a high likelihood of representing immunity-related subtype-specific signatures of IBD.

Results

We generated six relevant gene lists and 21 intersections that contain genes with unique literature associations to Crohn’s Disease (n = 60), Ulcerative Colitis (n = 17), and unclassified (n = 45) subtypes of IBD. From this gene pool, we then filtered and constructed, using network analysis, a final list of 142 genes that are the most representative of the disease and its subtypes.

Conclusions

In this paper, we present the bioinformatic construction of a gene panel that putatively contains subtype signatures of IBD, a multifactorial disease. These gene signatures will be tested as biomarkers to classify patients with IBD, which has been a clinically challenging task. Such approach to diagnose and monitor complicated disease pathogenesis is a stepping-stone towards personalized care.
Comparative surgical risk between type of trampoline (size and place) and type of patients (age and sex) in trampoline related injury: a systematic review and indirect meta-analysis
Authors: Muljadi Janisa Andrea , Chaijenkij Kornkit , Arirachakaran Alisara , Kongtharvonskul Jatupon
Published: July 2020

Background

Despite its high risk of injury, many people are still favor trampolining. However, currently there is no consensus as to which type of trampoline and which type of participant is more likely to have a trampoline related injury that will require surgical management.

Methods

This systematic review and meta-analysis aims to assess and compare the factors that cause trampoline injuries requiring surgical treatment. These include the place of the trampoline (park versus home), size of the trampoline (full versus mini), the age of the participant (child versus adult) and the sex of the participant (male versus female). The clinical outcomes measured are surgical management after trampoline injury. This systematic review was conducted according to the PRISMA guidelines.

Results

Relevant studies that reported surgery after trampoline injury of either group were identified from Medline and Scopus from inception to May 14, 2019. Sixteen studies were included for the analysis of surgery after trampoline injury; a total of 4491 and 1121 patients were treated conservatively and surgically. The total surgery rate per patient was 31% (95% CI: 16, 46%) in all patients. The surgery rate was 0.3 (95% CI: 0.03, 0.58) and 0.06 (95% CI: 0.04, 0.09) in the full and mini size trampoline groups. There were 0.36 (95% CI: 0.06, 0.67) and 0.11 (95% CI: 0.0, 0.22) in the park and home trampoline groups. The surgery rates were 0.33 (95% CI: 0.14, 0.53), 0.24 (95% CI: 0.07, 0.11), 0.49 (95% CI: 0.47, 0.51) and 0.38 (95% CI: 0.22, 0.53) in children, adults, females and males respectively. Indirect meta-analysis shows that full size trampolines provided a 6.0 times higher risk of surgery (95% CI: 3.7, 9.7) when compared to mini size trampolines. Park trampolines had a higher risk of surgery of 2.17 (95% CI: 1.70, 2.78) when compared to home trampolines. In terms of age and sex of participants, there value was significantly higher at 1.65 (95% CI: 1.35, 2.01) and 1.54 (95% CI: 1.36, 1.74) in children compared to adults and females compared to males. From all the statistical data we summarized that the full size trampoline injuries have a 6 times higher risk of requiring surgery when compared to mini size trampoline injuries. Park trampoline use carries a 2 times higher risk of requiring surgery when compared to home trampoline use. In terms of age and sex of the participant, there is a 1.5 times significantly higher risk of injury in children compared to adults, and females when compared to males.

Conclusion

In trampoline related injuries, full size, park trampoline, children and females had higher surgery rates when compared to mini size, home trampoline, adult and male majority in indirect meta-analysis methods.
A self-adaptive inertial subgradient extragradient method for pseudomonotone equilibrium and common fixed point problems
Authors: Jolaoso Lateef Olakunle , Aphane Maggie
Published: July 2020

In this paper, we introduce a self-adaptive inertial subgradient extragradient method for solving pseudomonotone equilibrium problem and common fixed point problem in real Hilbert spaces. The algorithm consists of an inertial extrapolation process for speeding the rate of its convergence, a monotone nonincreasing stepsize rule, and a viscosity approximation method which guaranteed its strong convergence. More so, a strong convergence theorem is proved for the sequence generated by the algorithm under some mild conditions and without prior knowledge of the Lipschitz-like constants of the equilibrium bifunction. We further provide some numerical examples to illustrate the performance and accuracy of our method.
Unilateral sagittal split osteotomy: effect on mandibular symmetry in the treatment of class III with laterognathia
Authors: Abou Chebel Naji , Saadeh Maria , Haddad Ramzi
Published: July 2020

The bilateral sagittal split osteotomy is considered the standard surgery to correct facial asymmetries. More recently, unilateral sagittal split osteotomy (USSO) was used to treat such malocclusions.

Aim

To assess facial symmetry following USSO in the treatment of class III laterognathia.

Methods

Frontal facial photographs of four groups of patients were assessed: (1) pre-surgical group (n = 30) with skeletal asymmetry, (2) postsurgical group assessing patients of the first group 2 years after USSO, (3) control group (n = 30) of patients judged to have harmonious facial norms, and (4) mirrored group (n = 30) in which the control photographs were altered by duplicating the right half side of the face to replace the left half, thus creating perfectly symmetrical faces. All 120 photographs were distributed to 40 expert orthodontists to evaluate and score facial symmetry using the visual analog scale. Skin sensitivity and temporomandibular joint (TMJ) disorders were also assessed clinically pre and postsurgically.

Results

Statistically significant differences were observed between the pre-surgical group and each of the postsurgical and control groups (p < 0.001). The control and postsurgical groups received similar scores of symmetry (p = 0.774). The mirrored group received statistically significantly higher symmetry scores than either of the control or the postsurgical groups (p < 0.001). A reduction in TMJ disorders was noted after USSO and all patients reported normal skin sensation 2 years post-surgery.

Conclusion

When indicated, USSO is a dependable and practical surgical approach to correct facial asymmetries associated with class III malocclusion.
Predicting stand age in managed forests using National Forest Inventory field data and airborne laser scanning
Authors: Maltamo Matti , Kinnunen Hermanni , Kangas Annika , Korhonen Lauri
Published: July 2020

Background

The aim of this study was to construct a nationwide stand age model by using National Forest Inventory (NFI) data and nationwide airborne laser scanning (ALS) data. In plantation forestry, age is usually known. While this is not the case in boreal managed forests, age is still seldom predicted in forest management inventories. Measuring age accurately in situ is also very laborious. On the other hand, tree age is one of the accurately measured sample tree attributes in NFI field data. Many countries also have a nationwide coverage of airborne laser scanning (ALS) data. In this study, we merged these data sources and constructed a nationwide, area-based model for stand age.

Results

While constructing the model, we omitted old forests from the data, since the correlation between ALS height metrics and stand age diminished at stands with age > 100 years. Additionally, the effect of growth conditions was considerable, so we also utilized different geographical and NFI variables such as site fertility and soil type in the modeling. The resultant nationwide model for the stand age of managed forests yielded a root mean square error (RMSE) of about 14 years. The model could be improved further by additional forest structure variables, but such information may not be available in practice.

Conclusions

The results showed that the prediction of stand age by ALS, geographical and NFI information was challenging, but still possible with moderate success. This study is an example of the joint use of NFI and nationwide ALS data and re-use of NFI data in research.
Experimental design and evaluation of a moisture responsive sports bra
Authors: Gorea Adriana , Baytar Fatma , Sanders Eulanda A.
Published: July 2020

Women prefer to wear a sports bra not only for exercising, but also during resting and daily activities, highlighting deficiencies in current sports bra designs. The purpose of this study was to design, develop, and evaluate a sports bra that offers responsive behavior, in terms of breast support and comfort, both during rest and running conditions. A biomimetic design framework guided the conceptual phase, and moisture responsive plant biomechanics offered a feasible functional model. Fourteen sports bras were developed and wear- tested using college athletes. The moisture responsive panels inside the bra absorbed the sweat generated during running, making the fabric thicker when wet (statistically significant via 3D body scanning results), while maintaining comfort and perceived breast support through sweaty conditions (confirmed via questionnaire results). Adjustments to the underbust band tightness should be pursued, aiming to further improve sports bra functionality, promoting women health and their lifestyles.
Monotonic and dynamic properties of riverbed sand and hill-slope soils of seismically active North-east India for ground engineering applications
Authors: Kumar Shiv Shankar , Dey Arindam , Krishna A. Murali
Published: July 2020

The stress–strain characteristics of soil under monotonic loading conditions and the dynamic properties of soils under cyclic loading are necessary for foundation engineering, ground response analysis and soil structure interaction studies. In the absence of site/region-specific properties, it is a common practice to use representative parameters based on the index properties of soil and available standard correlations. Such correlations might be inadequate for regional soils of varying index properties. Based on monotonic and cyclic triaxial tests, this study reports the monotonic and dynamic soil properties of the prevalent soils from the northeastern region of India, namely the cohesionless, cohesive and silty-sandy soils. It is observed that monotonic response of cohesionless soil is mostly influenced by the initial relative density, while the response of cohesive and silty-sands are primarily influenced by the effective confining pressure and degree of saturation. The cyclic triaxial tests revealed that, irrespective of the soil type, the strain-dependent modulus reduction and especially the damping ratio curves are noticeably different from available standards. The study highlights the importance of identifying the site/region specific soil properties for their usage in GRA and SSI applications.
A qualitative exploration of teachers’ perspective on smartphones usage in higher education in developing countries
Authors: Iqbal Shakeel , Bhatti Zeeshan Ahmed
Published: July 2020

Recently, Smartphone sales have surpassed the sales of all other computing devices including desktops, laptops and tablet PCs. Moreover, Smartphones have become a primary device to access the Internet as well as the most commonly used infotainment gadget among the Generations Y and Z (those born in 80s and 90s). Despite this widespread adoption of Smartphones among the youth, its usage in higher education is still a novice idea specifically in developing countries. This study is aimed at capturing the views of faculty members regarding usage of Smartphones for promoting learning at the tertiary level. In-depth interviews of 22 faculty members from different academic departments were conducted for this purpose. Responses of the interviewees were recorded which were later transcribed and analyzed to draw inferences. Results of this study indicate that the faculty members considered Smartphones to be an effective medium for off-campus learning and communication with peers and students. They also considered Smartphones suitable for explaining complex topics to their students as audio-visual content available over the Internet can easily be shared. However, majority of the respondents were skeptical about using Smartphones for educational purposes as they considered them to be a source of distraction, wastage of time, technostress, and emotional detachment. Moreover, they reported small size of both the screen and keyboard as an important limiting factor undermining the effective use of Smartphones in education. Lack of training and support, lack of technical knowledge and background, excessive work load and lack of incentives for using technology in education were reported as major barriers in adoption of Smartphones in higher learning landscape.
Evaluation of WGS-subtyping methods for epidemiological surveillance of foodborne salmonellosis
Authors: Mohammed Manal , Thapa Salina
Published: July 2020

Background

Salmonellosis is one of the most common foodborne diseases worldwide. Although human infection by non-typhoidal Salmonella (NTS) enterica subspecies enterica is associated primarily with a self-limiting diarrhoeal illness, invasive bacterial infections (such as septicaemia, bacteraemia and meningitis) were also reported. Human outbreaks of NTS were reported in several countries all over the world including developing as well as high-income countries. Conventional laboratory methods such as pulsed field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) do not display adequate discrimination and have their limitations in epidemiological surveillance. It is therefore very crucial to use accurate, reliable and highly discriminative subtyping methods for epidemiological characterisation and outbreak investigation.

Methods

Here, we used different whole genome sequence (WGS)-based subtyping methods for retrospective investigation of two different outbreaks of Salmonella Typhimurium and Salmonella Dublin that occurred in 2013 in UK and Ireland respectively.

Results

Single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP)-based cluster analysis of Salmonella Typhimurium genomes revealed well supported clades, that were concordant with epidemiologically defined outbreak and confirmed the source of outbreak is due to consumption of contaminated mayonnaise. SNP-analyses of Salmonella Dublin genomes confirmed the outbreak however the source of infection could not be determined. The core genome multilocus sequence typing (cgMLST) was discriminatory and separated the outbreak strains of Salmonella Dublin from the non-outbreak strains that were concordant with the epidemiological data however cgMLST could neither discriminate between the outbreak and non-outbreak strains of Salmonella Typhimurium nor confirm that contaminated mayonnaise is the source of infection, On the other hand, other WGS-based subtyping methods including multilocus sequence typing (MLST), ribosomal MLST (rMLST), whole genome MLST (wgMLST), clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPRs), prophage sequence profiling, antibiotic resistance profile and plasmid typing methods were less discriminatory and could not confirm the source of the outbreak.

Conclusions

Foodborne salmonellosis is an important concern for public health therefore, it is crucial to use accurate, reliable and highly discriminative subtyping methods for epidemiological surveillance and outbreak investigation. In this study, we showed that SNP-based analyses do not only have the ability to confirm the occurrence of the outbreak but also to provide definitive evidence of the source of the outbreak in real-time.
An anisotropic multilevel preconditioner for solving the Helmholtz equation with unequal directional sampling intervals
Authors: Yuan Yu-Xin , Li A-Man , Hu Ting , Liu Hong
Published: July 2020

An efficient finite-difference method for solving the isotropic Helmholtz equation relies on a discretization scheme and an appropriate solver. Accordingly, we have adopted an average-derivative optimal scheme that has two advantages: (1) it can be applied to unequal directional sampling intervals and (2) it requires less than four grid points of sampling per wavelength. Direct methods are not of interest for industry-sized problems due to the high memory requirements; Krylov subspace methods such as the biconjugate gradient stabilized method and the flexible generalized minimal residual method that combine a multigrid-based preconditioner are better alternatives. However, standard geometric multigrid algorithms fail to converge when there exist unequal directional sampling intervals; this is called anisotropic grids in terms of the multigrid. We first review our previous research on 2D anisotropic grids: the semicoarsening strategy, line-wise relaxation operator, and matrix-dependent interpolation were used to modify the standard V-cycle multigrid algorithms, resulting in convergence. Although directly extending to the 3D case by substituting line relaxation for plane relaxation deteriorates the convergence rate considerably, we then find that a multilevel generalized minimal residual preconditioner-combined semicoarsening strategy is more suitable for anisotropic grids and the convergence rate is faster in the 2D and 3D cases. The results of the numerical experiments indicate that the standard geometric multigrid does not work for anisotropic grids, whereas our method demonstrates a faster convergence rate than the previous method.
Electromagnetic telemetry simulation in vertical drillings
Authors: Liang Pengfei , Di Qingyun , Zhen Qihui , Wang Ruo , Fayemi Olalekan , Fu Changmin , Lei Da , An Zhiguo , Fan Jianbao , Ma Zhenjun , Yang Liangyong
Published: July 2020

Electromagnetic (EM) telemetry is one of the key research subjects that has increased application in transmitting real-time data between the borehole and surface during drilling. There are several methods that can be used to model an EM telemetry system, including the method of moments (MoM) and the electric field integral equation method. We have developed a pulse basis function for the MoM, which assists in the analytical estimation of thin wire kernel integrations and avoids singular problems when simulating current distributions. The scattering field is solved using the current distribution. We examine the method using a simple example of vertical drilling. In the model, a vertically placed drill string is driven through a layered earth model. The drill string represents a long, thin wire antenna with a source located near the drill bit. The validity of the method is confirmed by comparing our results to the analytical solution in a half-space model as well as the current distributions along the drill string derived from the proposed method with those derived from a commercial finite-element solver, COMSOL-Multiphysics. Furthermore, the efficiency of this method is demonstrated by comparing its computational costs with those of COMSOL. The simulated EM telemetry in a known geologic setting is then compared with a field data example. These comparisons show that the proposed method is accurate and efficient. Moreover, we develop insights into how the parameters needed for calculations alter current distributions along the drill string and the signal received at the surface. The proposed method is therefore useful for obtaining the optimal design parameters for EM telemetry systems.
Elastic least-squares migration for quantitative reflection imaging of fracture compliances
Authors: Minato Shohei , Wapenaar Kees , Ghose Ranajit
Published: July 2020

To quantitatively image fractures with high resolution, we have developed an elastic least-squares migration (LSM) algorithm coupled with linear-slip theory, which accurately addresses seismic wave interaction with thin structures. We derive a linearized waveform inversion using the Born approximation to the boundary integral equation for scattered waves, including linear-slip interfaces for P-SV and SH wavefields. Numerical modeling tests assuming a laboratory-scale fracture where a 20 cm long fracture is illuminated by waves with a 50 kHz center frequency show that our LSM successfully estimates fracture compliances. Furthermore, due to the presence of coupling compliances at the fracture, the results using our LSM show better images than those using the conventional LSM estimating the Lamé constants. We also numerically illustrate that our LSM can be successfully applied to dipole acoustic borehole logging data with 3 kHz center frequency for single-well reflection imaging of a 10 m long, dipping fracture embedded in a random background. Finally, we apply LSM to laboratory experimental data, measuring PP reflections from a fluid-filled fracture. We confirm that the estimated fracture compliances correspond well to those estimated by earlier amplitude variation with offset inversion. Furthermore, the LSM resolves the spatially varying fracture compliances due to local filling of water in the fracture. Because the linear-slip theory can be applied to thin structures in a wide range of scales, high-resolution imaging results and estimated fracture compliance distributions will be crucial to further address small-scale properties at fractures, joints, and geologic faults.
Peri- and Postpubertal Estrogen Exposures of Female Mice Optimize Uterine Responses Later in Life
Authors: Hewitt Sylvia C , Carmona Marleny , Foley K Grace , Donoghue Lauren J , Lierz Sydney L , Winuthayanon Wipawee , Korach Kenneth S
Published: July 2020

At birth, all female mice, including those that either lack estrogen receptor α (ERα-knockout) or that express mutated forms of ERα (AF2ERKI), have a hypoplastic uterus. However, uterine growth and development that normally accompany pubertal maturation does not occur in ERα-knockout or AF2ERKI mice, indicating ERα-mediated estrogen (E2) signaling is essential for this process. Mice that lack Cyp19 (aromatase knockout, ArKO mice), an enzyme critical for E2 synthesis, are unable to make E2 and lack pubertal uterine development. A single injection of E2 into ovariectomized adult (10 weeks old) females normally results in uterine epithelial cell proliferation; however, we observe that although ERα is present in the ArKO uterine cells, no proliferative response is seen. We assessed the impact of exposing ArKO mice to E2 during pubertal and postpubertal windows and observed that E2-exposed ArKO mice acquired growth responsiveness. Analysis of differential gene expression between unexposed ArKO samples and samples from animals exhibiting the ability to mount an E2-induced uterine growth response (wild-type [WT] or E2-exposed ArKO) revealed activation of enhancer of zeste homolog 2 (EZH2) and heart- and neural crest derivatives-expressed protein 2 (HAND2) signaling and inhibition of GLI Family Zinc Finger 1 (GLI1) responses. EZH2 and HAND2 are known to inhibit uterine growth, and GLI1 is involved in Indian hedgehog signaling, which is a positive mediator of uterine response. Finally, we show that exposure of ArKO females to dietary phytoestrogens results in their acquisition of uterine growth competence. Altogether, our findings suggest that pubertal levels of endogenous and exogenous estrogens impact biological function of uterine cells later in life via ERα-dependent mechanisms.
Manipulation of Hydrocortisone Tablets Leads to Iatrogenic Cushing Syndrome in a 6-Year-Old Girl With CAH
Authors: Al-Rayess Heba , Fleissner Kristin , Jaber Mu’taz , Brundage Richard C , Sarafoglou Kyriakie
Published: July 2020

Currently there are no commercially available hydrocortisone formulations for the treatment of children with congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH) that allow for smaller doses (0.1-1.25 mg) and incremental adjustments needed to control excess androgen production and avoid the negative effects of overtreatment. This lack of availability has led physicians to recommend dividing hydrocortisone 5-mg tablets into 4 to 6 pieces, compounding capsules or hydrocortisone suspension, or crushing 5- or 10-mg tablets in 5 or 10 mL of water. We report a case of iatrogenic Cushing syndrome in a 6-year 11-month-old girl with salt-wasting CAH treated with hydrocortisone tablets that were administered after crushing and dispersing into water to obtain the prescribed dose. She presented with poor growth, increasing body mass index (BMI), excess downy hair, round facies, and gastric ulcers. Her hydrocortisone dose was 8.1 mg/m2/day. Results for all adrenal steroid concentrations were undetectable at 8 am, 12 hours after her last dose. The year prior to presentation her parents began dissolving 10 mg of hydrocortisone in 10 mL of water and using this preparation over the course of 24 hours, which coincided with rapid increase of BMI. We switched her to a pharmacy-compounded alcohol-free hydrocortisone suspension with total daily doses ranging from 6.5 to 8.2 mg/m2/day, which resulted in resolution of her cushingoid features, a decrease in BMI, and catch-up growth. Our case highlights that manipulation of hydrocortisone tablets by parents can result in great variability in dosing and the need for commercially available pediatric formulations allowing for smaller dosing required in young children.
ЦЕННОСТНЫЕ ОРИЕНТАЦИИ СОВРЕМЕННОГО СТУДЕНТА
Authors: Kozhevnikova O. A.
Published: July 2020

С целью определения сформированности ценностного отношения к здоровому образу жизни студентов было проведено исследование среди обучающихся 2-го курса факультета Спорта и безопасности жизнедеятельности Нижнетагильского государственного социально-педагогического института. Диагностический инструментарий данного исследования представлен двумя методиками: тecт «Ценностные ориентации» М. Рокича в адаптации М.Г. Колосниковой и тест «Диагностика смысло-жизненных ориентаций подростков» П.В. Степанова и Д.В. Григорьева. Нами определено, что среди смысло-жизненных ориентаций у подростков наиболее актуальны ценности физического здоровья, ценности психического здоровья и ценности духовного здоровья.
РОЛЬ СОВРЕМЕННЫХ ТЕХНОЛОГИЙ В РАЗВИТИИ КОММУНИКАТИВНОГО ОБУЧЕНИЯ ИНОСТРАННОМУ ЯЗЫКУ
Authors: Krivoshapkina A. G.
Published: July 2020

В статье рассматривается использование различных современных технологий в качестве развития коммуникативных навыков студентов иностранному языку во время и вне учебного процесса.
О НЕКОТОРЫХ ВОЗМОЖНОСТЯХ ПРИМЕНЕНИЯ ИНТЕРНЕТ ВЕЩЕЙ В ОБРАЗОВАТЕЛЬНОЙ СФЕРЕ
Authors: Preobrazhenskiy A. P. , Choporov O. N.
Published: July 2020

В данной работе проведено рассмотрение возможностей применения технологий Интернет вещей в образовательной сфере. Приведены примеры повышения эффективности подготовки кадров.
МЕТОДОЛОГИЧЕСКИЙ АНАЛИЗ ДЕФИНИЦИЙ ПОНЯТИЙ «КОМПЕТЕНЦИЯ» И «РЕЗУЛЬТАТЫ ОБУЧЕНИЯ»
Authors: Shekhmirzova A. M. , Gribina L. V.
Published: July 2020

В статье проводится методологический анализ дефиниций понятий «компетенция» и «результаты обучения». Дается сущностная характеристика рассматриваемых понятий в контексте требований новых стандартов. Подчеркивается значимость структурных компонентов образовательной программы в приобретении компетенций. Проводится сравнение понимания дефиниций с подходом в проекте Tuning.
СТАНОВЛЕНИЕ КОМПЕТЕНТНОСТНОГО ПОДХОДА В СИСТЕМЕ РОССИЙСКОГО ВЫСШЕГО ОБРАЗОВАНИЯ
Authors: Shekhmirzova A. M. , Gribina L. V.
Published: July 2020

В статье представлен анализ развития компетентностного подхода в системе российского высшего образования. Выделены и обобщены этапы становления компетентностного подхода. Показана семантическая многозначность проблематики компетентностного подхода.
МЕЖЛИЧНОСТНЫЕ ОТНОШЕНИЯ МЛАДШИХ ШКОЛЬНИКОВ, ЗАНИМАЮЩИХСЯ ТАНЦЕВАЛЬНЫМ СПОРТОМ
Authors: Bosenko Yu. M. , Raspopova A. S.
Published: July 2020

В статье описаны результаты диагностики особенностей межличностных отношений и изучения представлений о себе младших школьников (n=77), занимающихся (n=40) и не занимающихся (n=37) танцевальным спортом.
АНАЛИЗ ХАРАКТЕРИСТИК КОНФЛИКТОВ В ОРГАНИЗАЦИЯХ
Authors: Preobrazhenskiy A. P. , Choporov O. N.
Published: July 2020

В данной работе рассматриваются некоторые характеристики, связанные с конфликтами, которые можно наблюдать в организациях. Ведется обсуждение возможных подходов для решения проблем конфликтов.
ВЕБ-КВЕСТ КАК ТЕХНОЛОГИЯ ФОРМИРОВАНИЯ КОМУНИКАТИВНЫХ УНИВЕРСАЛЬНЫХ УЧЕБНЫХ ДЕЙСТВИЙ ПРИ ИЗУЧЕНИИ МАТЕМАТИКИ
Authors: Zhuravleva L. V.
Published: July 2020

В соответствии с Федеральным государственным образовательным стандартом (ФГОС), а именно главы «Требования к результатам освоения основной образовательной программы основного общего образования», можно сделать вывод, что одной из важнейших задач современного образования является формирование совокупности универсальных учебных действий, развивающих компетенцию самообразования.
НАЦИОНАЛЬНО-КУЛЬТУРНАЯ СПЕЦИФИКА КОММУНИКАТИВНОГО ПОВЕДЕНИЯ ФРАНЦУЗОВ
Authors: Murieva M. V.
Published: July 2020

В статье речь идет о сохранении в отечественной системе образования, наряду с английским языком, преподавания одного из востребованных европейских языков, в частности, французского. Чтобы студенты могли эффективно общаться с носителями языка, необходимо, помимо сформированных языковых и речевых умений и навыков, знание национально-культурных черт французского коммуникативного поведения.
О ХАРАКТЕРИСТИКАХ МЕТОДОВ ДИСТАНЦИОННОГО ОБУЧЕНИЯ
Authors: Preobrazhenskiy A. P. , Choporov O. N.
Published: July 2020

В данной работе проведено рассмотрение возможностей применения некоторых образовательных подходов в современных условиях. Показана роль дистанционных технологий.
ГЕНЕЗИС ПОНЯТИЯ ПЕДАГОГИЧЕСКОЙ ТЕХНОЛОГИИ
Authors: Shekhmirzova A. M. , Gribina L. V.
Published: July 2020

В статье исследуется вопрос истории возникновения педагогической технологии как понятия и направления педагогической науки. Раскрывается сущность педагогической технологии, начиная со времен Я.А. Коменского до наших дней. Показывается эволюционное развитие родовых понятий к термину педагогическая технология.
ПРОЕКТИРОВАНИЕ ПЕДАГОГИЧЕСКОЙ СИСТЕМЫ В УСЛОВИЯХ РЕАЛИЗАЦИИ КОМПЕТЕНТНОСТНОГО ПОДХОДА
Authors: Shekhmirzova A. M. , Gribina L. V.
Published: July 2020

В статье рассматривается педагогическая технология как проект педагогической системы, реализуемой на практике. Раскрываются сущностные характеристики педагогической системы. Подчеркивается необходимость поиска новой педагогической технологии в исторически развивающейся педагогической системе.
Identity of people diagnosed with bipolar disorder
Authors: Dyga Krzysztof , Opoczyńska-Morasiewicz Małgorzata
Published: July 2020

Cel pracy

Celem badania była eksploracja treści doświadczeń związanych z tożsamością u osób z diagnozą zaburzenia afektywnego dwubiegunowego.

Metoda

Przeprowadzono sześć wywiadów częściowo ustrukturyzowanych z osobami po 30 r.ż. Ich transkrypcje poddano interpretatywnej analizie fenomenologicznej (IPA).

Wyniki

Wypowiedzi uczestników badania ukazały złożony obraz ich zmagań z tożsamością w przebiegu zaburzenia afektywnego dwubiegunowego. Na znaczącą część tego obrazu składały się postawy wobec diagnozy i leczenia. Połowa badanych sygnalizowała sprzeciw wobec patologizacji dwubiegunowości (stanowiącej część ich tożsamości) oraz agresywnego leczenia skutkującego m.in. postrzeganym obniżeniem zdolności intelektualnych — jednego z fundamentów ich tożsamości. Pozostali przyjmowali obowiązującą narrację psychiatryczną, czując się najbardziej sobą w czasie remisji i podejmując zgodne z zaleceniami lekarskimi starania o utrzymywanie się w tym stanie.

Wnioski

Niezależnie od rozumienia swojego zaburzenia i stosunku do leczenia żaden z badanych nie ugłośnił kryzysu tożsamości. Uczestników badania cechowała wysoka tolerancja niepewności, przypuszczalnie będąca funkcją takich zmiennych jak wiek (w tym zachorowania) i czas życia z zaburzeniem, rozwinięte myślenie postformalne i motywacja do poznawania siebie. Pozytywne przeformułowania oraz klarowna narracja na temat. życia z zaburzeniem afektywnym dwubiegunowym umożliwiły jej akceptację. U jednych oznaczało ona zgodę na przypisaną diagnozę, u innych afirmację dwubiegunowości. Żaden z badanych nie definiował siebie poprzez rolę pacjenta. Tożsamościowym poczuciom ciągłości i spójności sprzyjało nieoddzielanie zdrowych i chorych aspektów siebie. Wyniki, poza wartością poznawczą, mogą dostarczyć klinicystom wzorców stanowiących możliwe punkty odniesienia do pomocy w procesie integracji tożsamości w przebiegu zaburzenia afektywnego dwubiegunowego tym osobom, które nie zdołały wykształcić podobnych strategii.
Schema modes and mode models for cluster B and C personality disorders
Authors: Finogenow Maria
Published: July 2020

Terapia schematów stworzona przez Jeffreya Younga i współpracowników jest stosunkowo nowym integracyjnym podejściem w psychoterapii. Choć wyrasta bezpośrednio z koncepcji poznawczej, łączy w sobie również elementy teorii przywiązania Bowlby’ego, analizy transakcyjnej Berne’a, teorii relacji z obiektem, Gestalt oraz terapii skoncentrowanych na osobie.
W zaproponowanym przez Younga i współpracowników modelu kluczowym pojęciem są wczesne nieadaptacyjne schematy, rozumiane jako ogólne, wszechogarniające motywy lub wzorce składające się ze wspomnień, emocji, przekonań oraz doznań cielesnych. Początkowo opisany model schematów okazał się mieć pewne ograniczenia w pracy klinicznej z pacjentami o poważnych zaburzeniach osobowości. Young zaproponował Model Trybów Schematów jako bardziej efektywną i możliwą do zastosowania alternatywę w leczeniu tych zaburzeń. Po rozwoju modelu trybów dla osobowości borderline i narcystycznej, opracowano także modele dla innych zaburzeń osobowości.
Celem artykułu jest przedstawienie trybów schematów oraz wypracowanych modeli trybów dla osób z zaburzeniami osobowości. Zaprezentowano modele trybów dla zaburzeń osobowości z klastra B (z pogranicza/borderline, narcystycznego, histrionicznego, antyspołecznego) oraz zaburzeń osobowości z klastra C (unikającego, zależnego, obsesyjno-kompulsyjnego).
Cognitive- behavioural therapy for pathological skin picking. Efficacy and procedures
Authors: Kosioł Sylwia
Published: July 2020

Patologiczne skubanie skóry (ang. pathological skin picking, PSP), znane również jako dermatillomania, charakteryzuje się nadmiernym i powtarzającym się drapaniem lub zrywaniem zdrowej skóry lub skóry z niewielkimi nieregularnościami. Zachowanie to prowadzi do uszkodzenia skóry i znacznego dyskomfortu wpływającego na społeczne funkcjonowanie chorego. Co ważne, zaburzenie to nie jest spowodowane podstawową chorobą dermatologiczną. Patologiczne skubanie skóry dotyka 1,5% populacji ogólnej, czasem zaczyna się już przed ukończeniem dziesiątego roku życia. Dermatillomania jest ściśle powiązana z trichotillomanią (patologicznym wyrywaniem włosów) (ang. hair pulling disorder, TTM). Chociaż patologiczne skubanie skóry zostało udokumentowane w literaturze medycznej już w XIX wieku, dopiero niedawno zostało włączone jako odrębna jednostka do systemów klasyfikacji diagnostycznych. Dermatillomania nie jest uwzględniona w Międzynarodowej Statystycznej Klasyfikacji Chorób i Problemów Zdrowotnych — rewizja dziesiąta (ang. International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems, 10th revision, ICD-10). Jednak w ICD-11 oraz w Diagnostycznym i Statystycznym Podręczniku Zaburzeń Psychicznych, wydanie 5-te (ang. Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition, DSM-V) PSP istnieje jako zaburzenie przeczosowe (ang. excoriation disorder, ED), przeczosy psychogenne lub dermatillomania. PSP zostało włączone w spektrum zaburzeń obsesyjno-kompulsyjnych, biorąc pod uwagę, że ma podobne cechy i mechanizm powstawania jak trichotillomania. Jednym z klinicznie udowodnionych sposobów leczenia dermatillomanii jest trening odwracania nawyku (ang. habit reversal training, HRT) oraz terapia akceptacji i zaangażowania (ang. acceptance and commitment therapy, ACT).
Self-harm in psychoanalytic psychotherapy – a psychosocial case study
Authors: Boćwińska-Kiluk Beata
Published: July 2020

Przedstawiono przypadek młodej dziewczyny, która zaczęła dokonywać samouszkodzeń, kiedy, przebywając w instytucji opieki całkowitej rozpoczęła proces usamodzielniania. Psychoanalityczna analiza samouszkodzeń uwzględniająca kontekst psychospołeczny, w którym przebiegało usamodzielnienie pacjentki ujawniła, że jej epizody depresyjne i stany lękowe, szczególnie „lęk przed rozpadnięciem się w gruzy”, wywoływały samouszkodzenia, które były progresywnym elementem radzenia sobie z separacją-indywiduacją przy równoległym istnieniu deficytów w strukturze psychicznej i środowiskowej. Psychoanalityczne studium przypadku pokazuje wartość myślenia psychoanalitycznego łączącego biopsychologiczne i środowiskowe perspektywy oraz praktyczną użyteczność takiego mariażu.
Filosofia da ciência e evolução: uma contribuição ao ensino. Parte 3. Por que evolução?
Authors: De Figueiredo Francisco José , De Oliveira Levy Aquino
Published: July 2020

A ciência, como uma entre várias formas do saber, se destaca por apresentar rigorosos métodos de investigação da realidade objetiva. Conhecer a natureza da ciência, suas potencialidades e limites, é pré-requisito para distingui-la de formas rivais de conhecimento e avaliar sua eficácia. Isto contribui para uma análise crítica de diferentes propostas difusas na sociedade como tentativas para descrição e explicação do mundo físico. Entre elas estão àquelas ligadas às origens, como a história da biodiversidade no planeta Terra. Nesse artigo, a demarcação entre ciência e não ciência é explorada. Uma vez que há diferentes tipos de ciências (“hards” and “softs), com diferentes metodologias, a questão demarcatória permanece problemática. O critério de vulnerabilidade se apresenta como eficiente nas ciências históricas em que os indivíduos naturais recebem papel importante. Porém, justificativas subjacentes podem levar a uma condição de indesejável regressão infinita. Com o intuito de se avaliar o status científico da teoria evolutiva, aspectos conceituais são apresentados comparativamente em contexto histórico e filosófico, desde o início da Neosíntese até sua atual versão estendida. Grandes transições e rupturas epistemológicas são discutidas e seus impactos, avaliados. Dentro da metodologia encaminhada por Imre Lakatos, a teoria evolutiva constitui um programa de investigação científica progressivo, gerando diversas predições testáveis e acumulando evidências. A teoria tem sofrido reformulações recentes acomodando diversas novidades, entre elas a revolução da biologia molecular e biologia do desenvolvimento. Apesar das controvérsias e do polifiletismo conceitual quanto aos processos evolutivos envolvidos, a Neosíntese mostra-se resiliente, permanecendo como a melhor explicação para a história da biodiversidade no planeta Terra.