bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Respuesta de larvas de Ancistrus triradiatus, a diferentes ofertas de primera alimentación
Authors: Collazos-Lasso Luis F. , Arias-Castellanos José A
Published: April 2024

Titulo en ingles:  Ancistrus triradiatus larvae response to different types of first-feed.RESUMEN:  Con el fin de evaluar la influencia de diferentes ofertas  alimenticias en el crecimiento inicial, larvas de 96 ± 2 horas poseclosión, fueron alimentadas a saciedad durante diez días con: Spirulina sp.  desecada, cistos desencapsulados de Artemia sp; una mezcla 1:1 de  Spirulina sp. desecada y cistos desencapsulados de Artemia sp., y  concentrado comercial para loricaridos del 35% de proteína. Un tratamiento control de ayuno acompaño los experimentos. Para los cinco tratamientos  las condiciones de calidad de agua se mantuvo homogénea a través de un sistema de recirculación-filtración seco-húmedo de tres etapas.La sobrevivencia en todos los casos fue superior al 79 %. El alimento con  mayor rendimiento en la ganancia de peso fue el de concentrado  comercial. No se registraron diferencias estadísticas entre las diferentes  ofertas (p > 0,05) en la ganancia de talla, pero esta fue significativamente menor para el tratamiento control.Palabras clave: alimentos, larvicultura, peso, sobrevivencia, talla.ABSTRACT:  The influence of different first-feeds on early growth was  evaluated on 96 ± 2 hours posteclosion larvae fed until satiation for ten days with dried Spirulina sp., decapsulated Artemia sp. cysts, a 1:1 mixture  of dried Spirulina sp. and decapsulated Artemia sp. cysts and 35% protein  commercial concentrated catfish (Loricariidae) feed. The experiments were  accompanied by control fasting. Uniform water quality conditions were  maintained during the five days of treatment by three-stage, wet-dry,  recirculation-filtration systems. Survival in all cases was above 79 %. The  commercial concentrate feed had the highest weight-gain perfor- mance.  There were no statistical differences regarding gain in size between the  feeds (p>0.05); however, this was significantly lower for the control treatment.Key words: food, height, larviculture, weight, survival.
Efecto del peso corporal y temperatura del agua sobre el consumo de oxígeno de tilapia roja (Oreochromis sp)
Authors: VALBUENA-VILLARREAL R.D , CRUZ-CASALLAS P.E.
Published: April 2024

Titulo en ingles: Effect of body weight and water temperature on the oxygen consumption of red tilapia (Oreochromis sp.).RESUMEN: Con el objetivo de evaluar los efectos del peso corporal y temperatura del agua sobre el consumo de oxigeno de la tilapia roja (Oreochromis sp), individuos sometidos previamente a tratamiento de reversión sexual fueron seleccionados al azar para conformar seis  grupos de peso corporal: G25, G50, G100, G200, G400 y G800, los cuales fueron alojados en un respirómetro de 170 l con agua a tres diferentes temperaturas: 18, 24 y 30 ºC. Previo periodo de adaptación de una hora, el consumo de O2 fue monitoreado mediante  una sonda Multiparametrica  YSI-556. Se observó  una  relación directa entre el consumo de oxigeno y la temperatura del agua, encontrándose que peces de 25g a 18ºC consumieron 176  ± 15 mg.kg-1.h-1, en tanto  que a 30 ºC el consumo promedio fue de 508 120  mg.kg-1.h-1. En el rango de mayor peso corporal (G800), se observó un consumo de 96 ± 16 mg.kg-1.h-1 a 18 ºC y de 237 ± 38 mg.kg-1.h-1 a 30°C. Por otro lado, la relación del consumo de  O2 con el peso corporal  fue inversa  en todas las temperaturas estudiadas; por Ej.: a 18  ºC, peces de 25g consumieron 176  ± 15  mg.kg-1.h-1, mientras que los peces de 800g apenas 96  ± 16 mg.kg-1 .h -1 .  Una observación similar fue encontrada cuando la temperatura del agua fue de 24 y 30  ºC.Palabras clave: Consumo de oxigeno, respirómetro, tilapia roja, peso corporal, temperatura del aguaABSTRACT: To evaluate the effects of body weight  and water temperature on the oxygen consumption of red tilapia (Oreochromis sp), individuals previously subjected  to sexual reversion treatment were chosen at random to make up six body weight groups: G25,  G50, G100, G200, G400 and G800 which were placed in a 170 l respirometer at thre different temperatures: 18ºC, 24ºC and 30ºC. After a one-hour adaptation period, O2  consumption  was monitored by means of a YSI-556 multiparametric probe. A direct relation between oxygen consumption and water temperature was found showing that G25 fish at 18ºC consummed 176  15mg.kg  -1.h-1, while at 30ºC it was 508 120 mg.kg-1h-1. In fish at higher weight ranges (G800) the consumption was 96 16mg.kg-1h-1 at 18ºC and 237 38mg.kg-1h-1 at 30ºC. On the other hand,  the relation to corporal  weight  was  inverse  in the  three temperatures under study. For example, at 18ºC G25 fish consummed 175 15mg.kg.-1h-1, while G800 fish  consummed only 96 16mg.kg.-1h-1. Similar results were observed at 24ºC and 30ºC.Key words: Oxygen consumption, respirometer, red tilapia, body weight, water temperature
Los bancos de recursos genéticos y su papel en la conservación de la biodiversidad
Authors: MEDINA-ROBLES V , VELASCO-SANTAMARÍA Y.M , CRUZ-CASALLAS P.E.
Published: April 2024

Titulo en ingles: Genetic resource banks and their role in biodiversity conservation.RESUMEN: El mantenimiento de la biodiversidad  es una  problemática actual que involucra aspectos científicos, económicos, políticos y éticos. Sin embargo, la diversidad biológica se ha tomado más como un concepto, sin tener en cuenta el aspecto de conservación. Muchas propuestas alternativas han sido formuladas para  lograr la conservación de las especies,  ntre las cuales, el establecimiento de Bancos de Recursos  Genéticos (BRG) ha sido la más relevante.  El surgimiento de un nuevo pensamiento ético y su implicación desde la formación de formadores,  permitirá crear una verdadera conciencia de conservación en la humanidad futura. Palabras clave: bancos genéticos, biodiversidad, bioética,  conservación,  criobancosABSTRAC: Biodiversity conservation is a present dilemma involving scientific, economic, political and ethical aspects. However, biological diversity has been regarded more as a concept, without considering  the aspect of its conservation.  Many alternative proposals have been formulated to achieve the conservation of species, and among  these, the establishment of genetic resource banks (GRB) has been the most relevance. The surge of a new ethical  thought and its implication on the formation of future teachers will allow creating a true conscience of conservation in the future humanity.Key words: Genetic banks, biodiversity, bioethics, conservation
Aproximaciones a la comprensión de la degradación de la lignina
Authors: Ortiz Martha L.
Published: April 2024

Titulo en ingles:  Approaches to understanding lignin degradation.RESUMEN:  El objetivo de esta revisión es reunir los hallazgos más  recientes que aportan a la comprensión de las rutas metabólicas que  intervienen en la degradación del biopolímero más recalcitrante del  planeta: la lignina. Esta le proporcionó a las plantas  resistencia mecánica  en sus tejidos para colonizar la tierra y una barrera fisicoquímica ante la  infección microbiana. Debido a su naturaleza recalcitrante, la lignina es el  precursor principal para la síntesis de la reserva de materia orgánica del  suelo, regulando el ciclo del carbono. Adicionalmente, el sistema  enzimático extracelular inespecífico que usan los microorganismos para  degradar la lignina, ofrece un sinnúmero de moléculas con potencial  biotecnológico. Este trabajo pretende estimular la investigación en la  degradación de lignina, especialmente en ambientes poco explorados  como la Amazorinoquía para el desarrollo de la bioprospección en nuestro país.Palabras clave: Lignina, enzimas, microorganismos, biotecnología.ABSTRACT:  This work was aimed at summarising our current knowledge regarding understanding the metabolic routes intervening in lignin  degradation, this being the most recalcitrant biopolymer on earth. Lignin  provides plant tissues with mechanic resistance for colonising the earth and represents a physicochemical barrier to microbial infection. Lignin is the  main precursor for synthesising the reserve of soil organic matter due to its recalcitrant nature, thereby regulating the carbon cycle. The unspecific  extracellular enzymatic system used by microorganisms for lignin  degradation offers a large number of molecules having biotechnological poten- tial. This work tries to stimulate research into lignin degradation, especially in little-explored environments such as the Amazon-Orinoquía region for developing bioprospecting in Colombia.Key words: Lignin, enzyme, microorganism, biotechnology.
Identificación de elementos que impactan la consolidación de procesos de potabilización del agua en planteles educativos suburbanos y rurales de Villavicencio y Acacias, Meta, Colombia
Authors: Prada Matiz Abelardo , Velásquez Lilia , Matta Gonzalez Laurentino
Published: April 2024

Titulo en ingles:  Identifying elements having an impact on consolidating how water is made drinkable in suburban and rural educational institutions in Villavicencio and Acacias in the Meta department, ColombiaRESUMEN:  Se evaluó la apropiación de los procesos  de  potabilización de  agua con base en la tecnología FiME - filtración en múltiples etapas - por  parte de los usuarios de cinco instituciones educativas de los municipios de  Villavicencio y Acacias, Meta. Se demostró que el producto de las  plantas de potabilización instaladas -el agua potable - es de alta calidad,  a pesar que la mayoría de las comunidades educativas no alcanzó el  dominio pleno de la tecnología ofrecida. En consecuencia, se logró una  aproximación a la identificación de los elementos a favor y de los  obstáculos que impiden la consolidación de los procesos y el logro de los objetivos propuestos.Palabras clave: Agua potable, Potabilización, Filtración en múltiples etapas, Tecnología FiME, Apropiación tecnológica.ABSTRACT:  This study evaluated how five educational institutions from Villavicencio and Acacias (in the Meta department, Colombia) were exploiting multistage filtration (MSF) technology-based drinking-water treatment. It was demonstrated that the product from the water-treatment plants installed to date (drinking water) is high quality, in spite of most educational communities not yet having fully mastered this technology. Consequently, the elements favouring technology-transfer, the obstacles hampering process consolidation and whether the proposed goals had been achieved were thus identified.Key words: drinking water, water potabilisation, multistage filtration, MSF technology, technology-transfer.
La clasificación de los grupos de investigación en la Orinoquia: El objetivo no es llegar sino mantenerse
Authors: Góngora Orjuela Agustín
Published: April 2024

RESUMEN:   Los resultados de la reciente clasificación de Grupos de Investigación en la pasada convocatoria de Colciencias 2008, muestra un aumento significativo de la capacidad investigativa institucional al pasar de 2 a 11 grupos reconocidos por parte de la Universidad de los Llanos y otros 10 pertenecientes a otras instituciones.
Cambio circadiano de pH y acidez titulable en la savia de fique (Furcraea castilla y F. macrophylla)
Authors: Casierra-Posada Fánor , González Diana M.
Published: April 2024

Titulo en inglex: Circadian changes in sisal (Furcraea castilla and F. macrophylla) leaf sap pH and titratable acidity.RESUMEN:  Son escasos los estudios acerca de la fisiología y comportamiento de especies de Furcraea, a pesar de que estas plantas ocuparon 1,11 % del área total cultivada cultivos permanentes en  Colombia en 2007. Se midieron cada hora durante un día completo, tanto los valores de pH como la acidez titulable en extractos de hojas de dos  especies de Furcraea, en un ensayo de campo en Tunja / Colombia. Las especies estudiadas fueron Furcraea castilla y F. macrophylla, las cuales se cultivan con frecuencia en la región con miras a la obtención de fibras vegetales. Las hojas se maceraron para obtener el extracto, el cual se tituló con NaOH 0,05 N. Se presentó un ritmo circadiano muy definido para los valores de pH y el contenido de ácidos orgánicos titulables en hojas. Los resultados mostraron cambios diurnos en la acidez titulable y en los valores de pH, que se manifiestan en plantas con metabolismo ácido de las crasuláceas (CAM), exhibiendo valores de pH por encima del promedio entre las 11:00 y las 20:00 horas. Durante el tiempo restante, el pH estuvo por debajo del promedio. La acidez titulable mostró un comportamiento opuesto al pH en los mismos intervalos de tiempo.ABSTRACT:   Studies concerning Furcraea species behaviour and physiology are scarce, even though these plants occupied 1.11 % of the total surface area cultivated by permanent crops in Colombia in 2007. Both leaf sap pH values and titratable acidity for two species of Furcraea plants were measured hourly throughout a whole day in a field experiment in Tunja, Colombia. Furcraea castilla and F. macrphylla were the species being studied; they are frequently cultivated in the area to obtain plant fibres. The leaves were macerated to extract the leaf sap which was titrated with 0.05 N NaOH. There was a clear diurnal pH and titratable organic acid content circadian rhythm in the leaves. The results revealed diurnal changes in titratable acidity levels and pH values exhibiting Crassulacean acid metabolism (CAM), exhibiting pH values above the mean between 11:00 and 20:00 hours. The pH was below the mean during the remaining time. Titrat- able acidity presented an opposite pattern during the same time intervals.Key words: CAM, Agavaceae
Mastocitoma canino
Authors: TORRES VIDALES G. , ESLAVA MOCHA P.R.
Published: April 2024

Titulo en ingles: Canine Mastocitoma RESUMEN: Con el propósito de actualizar y orientar a clínicos de pequeños animales así como profesionales interesados en estas áreas de diagnostico, se describe un caso de un tumor de células mast  en un canino adulto  de raza bóxer. La neoplasia estaba localizada en la piel a nivel del tórax y tenía apariencia nodular, se clasificó clínicamente como de estado dos (2) e histopatológicamente como grado (III). Además es de interés documentar  aspectos relacionados con la etiología, dinámica funcional y de transformación tumoral de las células mast en la especie caninaEl mastocitoma es un tumor primario de la piel, localizado especialmente en la cara, cuello, tórax, y menos común en la cavidad oral, en los espacios interdigitales y en la región perineal.  Basado en el comportamiento clínico se describen cinco estados (0- IV) en  donde  el estado  IV es el de peor pronóstico. Mediante evaluación histopatológica se han  identificado tres grados (I-III) en el cual el grado III presenta mayor malignidad. Las células mast  cumplen  funciones biológicas muy importantes en fenómenos de hipersensibilidad tipo I y son capaces de mediar algunas reacciones inmunes así mediar reacciones vasculares. Los mastocitomas se presentan con mayor frecuencia en la especie canina y dentro de ella, la raza Bóxer es la más predispuesta.Palabras claves: Célula mast, mastocitoma.ABSTRACT: With the aim to update and to give some guidance to small animal professional clinics as well as interested professionals in these diagnosis areas, it describes a case  of a mast cell tumor in an adult canine, breed boxer. Neoplasia was localized in the thorax skin and has  a nodular appearance. It was clinically classified into stage two (2) and histologically as degree  III. Furthermore,  it's  of interest  review  the etiology, functional and tumoral transforming dynamics of the mast cells in canine species.Mastocytoma is a primary tumor of the skin, mainly in face areas, neck, thorax, and less common in oral cavity, interdigital spaces  and perineal regions. Based on this clinical behavior have been described five stages (0- IV) where stage IV is the poor prognostic.  Through histopathological  evaluation have been identified three degrees (I-III) in which, degree III shows high malignancy. The mast cells have very important biological functions in type I -hypersensibility phenomenon and they are able to mediatesome immune reactions as well as to mediate vascular reactions. The mastocytoma presents often in the canine species, especially in boxer breed, which  is more predisposed.Keyword: Mast cell, mastocytoma
Identificación de hongos en cachama blanca (Piaractus brachypomus) en cultivos semi-intensivos de Norte de Santander, Colombia
Authors: Londoño- Franco Luis F. , David-Ruales Carlos A. , Villamarín- Muñoz Julián A.
Published: April 2024

En el estudio de patología de peces, los hongos son uno de los agentes infecciosos que pueden causar graves problemas de salud e incluso desencadenan procesos de morbi-mortalidad en las estaciones piscícolas. Esto se traduce en grandes pérdidas económicas para el sector. La literatura sobre enfermedades de peces reportan que los hongos prevalecen como un actor de alta incidencia en las piscícolas de Colombia. El objetivo de esta investigación fue establecer la presencia de hongos en cachama blanca mediante aislamiento microbiológico en producciones semi-intensivas de Norte de Santander - Colombia. Se estudiaron once piscícolas semi-intensivas de varios municipios de Norte de Santander. Fueron colectados cuarenta y dos peces con sintomatología clínica compatible con micosis, de los cuales, se tomaron muestras de las lesiones y fueron sembradas en agar enriquecido con glucosa peptona, malta y Saboroud. Los cultivos se incubaron entre 25 °C y 37 °C por 24 a 36 horas. Después de este periodo se hicieron las descripciones correspondientes. De las muestras cultivadas, se aislaron 4 géneros de hongos (Fusarium sp., Mucor sp., Penicillium sp. y Aspergillus sp.) y dos levaduras. Los hongos se clasificaron dentro de los grupos Ascomicetes, Zigomicetes y Cándida, lo que determinó una proporción de 50% AscomIcetes, 25% Zigomicetes, y 25% de Levaduras (Cándidas). La mayoría de estos hongos son oportunistas y se localizan en todos los ambientes, tanto en plantas como en animales (peces). De los hongos aislados, Fusarium, Aspergillus, Penicillium y Mucor pueden ser patógenos para los animales y los humanos. Ésta información permite aportar en la construcción de un banco de datos y mapa epidemiológico sobre las afecciones micóticas en cachama blanca de Norte de Santander, Colombia.
Aprovechamiento de residuos de trucha arco iris Oncorhynchus mykiss: uso de tecnologías limpias para la extracción de aceite
Authors: David-Ruales Carlos A. , Torres-Toro Catalina , Hincapié-Ávila Sara , Londoño-Londoño Julián
Published: April 2024

La producción de trucha arco iris en Colombia soporta el 11,36 % de la producción nacional; los residuos del beneficio pueden ser utilizados para la extracción de aceites, ya sea por calentamiento (Soxhlet) o por Fluidos Supercríticos (FSc) (temperatura y presión crítica de los gases). Se planteó como objetivo extraer y caracterizar el aceite de pescado derivado de subproductos de trucha arco iris por medio de Soxhlet y FSc. Para ello, vísceras y carcasas de trucha arco iris se secaron, se molieron, se determinó humedad, valores bromatológicos (según la AOAC 1986) y microbiológicos (NMP para coliformes totales y fecales); a todas las muestras por triplicado se aplicó Soxhlet y FSc; al producto final se le hizo el perfil de ácidos grasos por cromatografía gaseosa (GC). Los análisis microbiológicos realizados a carcasas y vísceras no arrojaron presencia de E. Coli en ninguna de las muestras; los análisis bromatológicos fueron: humedad, 2.1 %; grasa, 34.2 %; cenizas, 17.3 %; proteína, 17.2 %; un valor calorimétrico de 5414,4 cal/g para carcasas y un valor de 6068,01 cal/g para vísceras. El perfil lipídico del aceite obtenido por Soxhlet presenta 68.6 % de grasa insaturada (%GI), 27.73 % de grasa saturada y 0.85% de ácidos grasos omega 3; para el aceite obtenido por fluidos supercríticos se obtuvieron 69.14 %, 26.71 % y 4.99% de grasa insaturada, grasa saturada y ácidos grasos omega 3, respectivamente. Además, solamente por extracción con fluidos supercríticos se logró la recuperación de 2.88% de DHA (ácido docosahexanóico) y 0.67% de EPA (ácido eicosapentanóico). Se presentaron diferencias significativas (p<0,05) para los valores de %GI y para los valores en % de DHA y EPA, al compararse Soxhlet vs Fluidos Supercríticos. Se evidenció que FSc es determinante para obtener una composición adecuada de ácidos grasos omega 3 (DHA y EPA).
El fenómeno de la migración en aves: una mirada desde la Orinoquia
Authors: Ocampo-Peñuela Natalia
Published: April 2024

Titulo en ingles:  The phenomenon of migration in birds: a view from the Orinoco.RESUMEN: La migración es un fenómeno que ha llamado la atención de investigadores a lo largo del mundo y de la historia de la ciencia. Este proceso biológico ha sido bien estudiado en aves, sin embargo, en Colombia y, especialmente en la región de la Orinoquia, aún queda mucho por conocer sobre estas viajeras. Este artículo presenta el fenómeno de la migración Neotropical en aves; primero se evidencia una recopilación de bibliografía sobre la migración en aves y algunos de sus aspectos más relevantes, a continuación se hace un análisis de este fenómeno en la región de la Orinoquia y se proponen pasos a seguir para mejorar el estudio y conservación de estas aves en el país y en la región orinocense. Con este artículo se pretende llamar la atención sobre la importancia de estudiar las aves migratorias en la Orinoquia para diseñar estrategias efectivas para su conservación.Palabras clave: aves, Colombia, conservación, migración, Orinoquia.ABSTRACT:  Migration is a phenomenon that has attracted the attention of researchers throughout the world and history of science. This biological process has been well studied in birds, however, in Colombia and especially in the Orinoco region, much remains unknown about these travelers. This paper presents the phenomenon of migra- tion in Neotropical birds. First of all, presents an evidence of a collection of literature on migration in birds and some of its most relevant aspects, then an analysis of this phenomenon in the region of the Orinoco and proposes steps to improve the study and conservation of these birds in the country and the orinocense region. With this article we try to foccus some attention to the importance of studying migratory birds in the Orinoco to design effective conservation strategies.Key words: birds, Colombia, conservation, migration, Orinoquia.
La Importancia de los estudios bibliométricos. El caso de Orinoquia
Authors: Góngora Orjuela Agustín
Published: April 2024

Resumen: La abundante información científica generada en los últimos años asociada a las nuevas formas de comunicación, ha llevado a la comunidad de investigadores a proponer su medición, lo que ha dado lugar al nacimiento de una nueva disciplina la bibliometría. Esta,  hace uso de métodos matemáticos y análisis estadísticos que posibilitan la obtención de indicadores confiables, asociados con  la calidad. De esta forma, es posible obtener información del número de documentos publicados por una institución o un país, los grupos de investigación o los individuos con mayor productividad científica.
Evolución de chip ADN emulado con algoritmo genético en FPGA para control de navegación de un robot móvil
Authors: Borrero Guerrero H , Delgado Rivera A
Published: April 2024

Titulo en ingles: EDNA chip evolution emulated with genetic algorithm in FPGA for controlling mobile robot navigationRESUMEN:  Los chips ADN constituyen una herramienta importante en biología y medicina porque ofrecen paralelismo así como memoria asociativa, características que optimizan la identificación del genoma y el diagnóstico de enfermedades, entre otros. La apropiación del concepto de chip ADN y el uso de los dispositivos electrónicos reconfigurables, genera el chip ADN emulado electrónicamente, capaz de procesar información en paralelo y acceder contenidos en memoria por asociación.La utilización de algoritmos genéticos extiende las capacidades propuestas en el chip ADN emulado, sumándole un nivel de aprendizaje. La funcionalidad de un chip ADN emulado entrenado por medio de un algoritmo genético, se demuestra revisando la capacidad de aprendizaje de un robot móvil de tracción diferencial para navegar en un espacio cambiante evitando colisiones.Palabras clave: chip ADN, emulación electrónica, algoritmo genético, sistema clasificador.SUMMARY:  DNA chips represent an important tool in biology and medicine as they offer parallelism as well as asso- ciative memory, such characteristics optimising genome identification and diagnosing diseases. Appropri-ating DNA chip concept and using reconfigurable electronic devices produces an electronically-emulatedDNA chip able to process information in parallel and access memory content by association.Using genetic algorithms extends emulated DNA chip’s proposed capacity, thereby adding on a level of learning. A genetic algorithm-trained emulated DNA chip’s functionality can be demonstrated by reviewing a differential traction mobile robot’s learning ability in terms of navigating in a changing space and avoiding collisions.Key words: DNA chip, electronic emulation, genetic algorithm, classifier system.
La necesidad de aumentar las revistas científicas en la Orinoquia
Authors: Góngora Orjuela Agustín
Published: April 2024

Titulo en ingles: The need for increasing scientific journal production in the Orinoquia region of ColombiaRESUMEN: Con el lema “La ciencia que no se ve no existe”  se realizo recientemente en Toluca (México)   el Primer Taller Internacional de Editores del Sistema de Información Científica Redalyc,   a este evento asistieron 230 editores representando a 103 revistas científicas de 12 diferentes países de Iberoamérica.ABSTRACT: The slogan “Science which you can’t see doesn’t exist” was used recently at the First International Workshop for Scientific Information System Editors organised by the Latin-American and Caribbean, Spanish and Portuguese Scientific Jour- nals’ Network (Red de Revistas Científicas de América Latina y el Caribe, España y Portugal – Redalyc). It was held in Toluca (México) and 230 editors representing 103 scientific journals from 12 different Latin-American countries attended this event.
Conch-shell-inspired porcelain ceramic tile/Kevlar fabric composites with excellent combination of strength, toughness and shock resistance
Authors: Zhong Xinzi , Cao Liyun , Huang Jianfeng , Liu Yijun , Shen Xuetao , Zhao Yong , Wang Dongping , Cheng Zhiwen , Liu Ting , Zhang Shuai , Zhang Chenlei
Published: April 2024

For various engineering applications in public, ceramics with exceptional
strength, toughness and shock resistance are imminently required, but
traditional ceramics struggle to meet these demands due to their fragility.
Inspired by the shape of natural conch shells, this work offers a simple hot
press approach to fabricate layered porcelain ceramic tile/Kevlar fabric
composites, yielding excellent mechanical properties and the capacity for
non-catastrophic failure. It was concluded that composites? excellent
mechanical performance is attributed to the resin/fabric content. The
composite with the resin/fabric content of 45.5 vol.% had an outstanding
combination of high strength (310.5 ? 6.2MPa) and excellent fracture
toughness (6.83 ? 0.09MPa?m1/2), whereas the sample with 36.4 vol.%
resin/fabric content had the maximal impact energy of 2.04 ? 0.09 J, which
is much better than those of traditional ceramics. The strong resistance to
fracture is a result of the proper interfacial bonding and the presence of
elastic component, which enables toughening mechanisms such as crack
deflection, fibre pull-out and interfacial debonding. This finding provides
useful guidance for replacing lowperformance ceramics in engineering
applications with cost-effective ceramic composites.
The power and significance of the Russian word: book review: Vladimir Kondakov. Russian word, native: folk words and expressions of the residents in the village of Podsosenie and neighboring villages of Verkhovazhsky district in Vologda region.
Authors: Мельникова Н.Г.
Published: April 2024

В статье предлагается анализ и оценка книги Владимира Кондакова «Слово русское, родное», заявленное как словарь народных слов и выражений деревни Подсосенье и прилегающих селений Верховажского района Вологодской области. Обращается внимание на содержание (собственно разделы) книги, материал, его оформление и подачу. Отмечается вклад автора и значимость его работы для сохранения слова и речевых традиций жителя Русского Севера, однако отмечаются и недостатки работы, наивный взгляд составителя на решение собственно языковедческих задач.

The article offers an analysis and assessment of Vladimir Kondakov’s book “Russian Word, Native”, stated as a dictionary of folk words and expressions of the village of Podsosenye and neighboring villages of Verkhovazhsky district in Vologda region. Special attention is drawn to the content (the actual parts) of the book, the material, its design and presentation. The author’s contribution and the significance of his work for the preservation of the word and speech traditions of the inhabitants inthe Russian North are highlighted, but the shortcomings of the work are also pointed out, as well as the naive view of the author-compiler on the solution of linguistic tasks.
Hemlock (Conium Maculatum) Poisoning
Authors: Polunin A. V. , Simonova A. Yu. , Potskhveriya M. M. , Ilyashenko K. K. , Stolbova N. E. , Belova M. V. , Tkeshelashvili T. T.
Published: April 2024

Background Spotted hemlock (Conium maculatum) is one of the most poisonous plants. Hemlock poisoning is extremely rare, but can lead to serious consequences, including death.

Material and methods A clinical observation of a 50-year-old patient with a diagnosis of hemlock poisoning is presented.

Conclusion The clinical observation of acute hemlock poisoning presented by us does not exclude its direct cardiotoxic effect and requires further research in this direction, which will allow optimizing the treatment of this group of patients.
Adrenal Dysfunction in Severe Community-Acquired Pneumonia Requiring VenoVenous Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation
Authors: Altshuler N. E. , Kruglyakov N. M. , Bagzhanov G. I. , Dokukin A. A. , Gubarev K. K. , Kutsyi M. B. , Popugaev K. A.
Published: April 2024

The article presents a clinical case of adrenal dysfunction in a patient with severe community­acquired pneumonia requiring extracorporeal membrane oxygenation. We discuss the lack of diagnostic criteria for adrenal dysfunction in critical conditions; the tactics of hydrocortisone treatment: initiation of use, its duration, dose titration and withdrawal conditions.
Carbapenemases Produced by Multidrug-Resistant Strains of Klebsiella Pneumoniae Isolated from Intensive Care Patients
Authors: Chernenkaya T. V. , Borisova L. A. , Vorobieva T. Yu. , Godkov M. A. , Shabanov A. K.
Published: April 2024

Relevance Klebsiella pneumoniae is one of the main pathogens of nosocomial infections. Hospital strains of this pathogen are characterized by a high frequency of resistance to many antibiotics, including carbapenems. The main mechanism for the formation of resistance to carbapenems is the production of carbapenemases by bacteria. To date, K. pneumoniae is considered one of the main “distributors” of clinically important antibiotic resistance genes.

Aim of the study To study the frequency of occurrence of the most common carbapenemase genes in multiresistant K.pneumoniae strains isolated from patients of intensive care units in an emergency hospital.

Material and methods 4708 samples of various types of clinical material from patients of 5 intensive care units of the N.V. Sklifosovsky Research Institute for Emergency Medicine were analyzed. Microbiological studies were carried out using standard generally accepted methods. For the purposes of this study, unique sequential K.pneumoniae strains resistant to imipenem and/or meropenem were selected. DNA isolation was carried out using the RIBO-prep kit (Russia). Carbapenemase genes were detected by real-time PCR using the kits of reagents “AmpliSens MDR-MBL-FL” and “AmpliSens MDR-KPC/OXA-48-FL” on a “Rotor Gene” device (Corbett Research, Australia).

Results Etiologically significant microorganisms were detected in 64.7% of the studied samples. K. pneumoniae was isolated in a quarter of the samples. 194 unique carbapenem-resistant strains of K.pneumoniae were selected. Of these, 11.3% of the genes of the studied carbapenemases were not detected. In 38.1% of strains, 1 carbapenemase was detected, in 29.9% — two and in 20.6% — three or more. Among the strains with one carbapenemase gene, OXA-48 (19.1%) and CATTLE (13.4%) producers prevailed. Strains producing only NDM betalactamase were found in 5.7% of cases. Isolated allocation of VIM and IMP was not detected. In 34%, metallobectalamases were isolated in combination with serine carbapenemases. The production of serine carbapenemases alone was detected in 48.5% of the strains. Depending on the specialization of the intensive care unit, there are differences in the frequency of detection of serine and metallobetalactamases in strains of carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella.

Conclusion K. pneumoniae is the causative agent of nosocomial infections in 25% of cases. In 11.3% of carbapenem-resistant strains, the production of KPC, OXA-48, NDM, VIM and IMP genes was not detected. When developing algorithms for antibacterial therapy, it is necessary to take into account that from 25.7% to 60.6% of K. pneumoniae strains in different intensive care units are the producers of metallobetalactamases.
Results of Surgical Treatment of Patients with Symptomatic Abdominal Aortic Aneurysms
Authors: Mikhailov I. P. , Isayev G. A. , Kokov L. S. , Demyanov A. M. , Tutova D. Z.
Published: April 2024

Relevance Abdominal aortic aneurysm is a common disease, manifested by an expansion of the abdominal aorta of more than 3 cm and accompanied by the development of serious complications with high mortality. There are symptomatic aneurysms, asymptomatic aneurysms and ruptured aneurysms. The timing of surgical intervention for symptomatic aneurysms still causes some controversy.

Aim of study To determine the tactics and timing of surgery in patients with symptomatic abdominal aortic aneurysms.

Material and methods The medical histories of 188 patients with symptomatic abdominal aortic aneurysms admitted to the Department of Vascular Surgery of N.V. Sklifosovsky Research Institute for Emergency Medicine. There were 152 men (80.8%) and 36 women (19.2%). The average age of those admitted was 69.8±2.5 years (from 53 to 84 years).

Results All patients were divided into three groups, depending on the time of operation from the moment of admission: those operated in the first 24 hours (n=27); those operated from 24 to 72 hours from the moment of admission (n=20) and those operated later than 72 hours (n=136). The mortality by group was 14.8% in the first group, 20.0% in the second group, 7.3%in the third group.

Conclusions Patients with symptomatic abdominal aortic aneurysm should be admitted to the intensive care unit for evaluation and preparation for delayed surgery. In cases where hospitalization in the intensive care unit is impossible or pain persists, the patient should be operated on urgently. When the pain syndrome is relieved and blood pressure is normalized, the patient can be further examined and operated on in a delayed manner.
Remote Ischemic Postconditioning in Case of Traumatic Brain Injury: a Review of Experimental and Clinical Studies
Authors: Shcherbak N. S. , Voznyuk I. A.
Published: April 2024

Relevance Traumatic brain injury (TBI) remains one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Despite advances in treatment based on understanding of the mechanisms of brain injury after TBI, there is a clear need for new therapeutic strategies. Remote ischemic postconditioning (RIPostC) can be considered as a non-pharmacological technique to reduce secondary brain damage and improve clinical outcomes in patients with TBI.

Aim of study Raising awareness of emergency physicians, neurosurgeons, neurologists, neurophysiologists about the possible use of the concept of RIPostC in patients with TBI.

Material and methods To achieve this goal, the Results of clinical and experimental studies of the use of RIPostC after TBI were analyzed. Literature search was carried out in electronic search systems PubMed (https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov), eLibrary (https://elibrary.ru) using the keywords: “traumatic brain injury”, “remote ischemic conditioning”. A systematic search and selection of publications was performed in January–February 2023. The results of the review included patients with an established diagnosis of traumatic brain injury, followed by the use of RIPostC and animals with experimental modeling of TBI in various ways, followed by RIPostC.

Conclusion The totality of data suggests that the use of the concept of RIPostC as a non-invasive protective technique in the provision of emergency care for patients with TBI may contribute to limiting secondary brain damage. However, the underlying neuroprotective processes are quite complex and need further study. Establishing the relationship of humoral, neurogenic and inflammatory reactions in response to the use of RIPostC in TBI will contribute to understanding the mechanisms of emerging neuroprotection, help ease the course of the disease and improve the clinical outcome.
The effect of relative humidity and the use of algae-based biostimulants on fruit set, yield and fruit size of arctic bramble (Rubus arcticus) arcticus)
Authors: Tommila Tero , Palonen Pauliina
Published: April 2024

Arctic bramble is a niche berry crop with highly variable yield and fruit quality, often limited by low fruit set and incomplete fruit development. In this study, we investigated the effects of relative humidity (RH) and algae-based biostimulants on fruit set, yield, fruit weight and the number of drupelets per fruit. In Experiment 1, arctic bramble cvs. ‘Alli’ and ‘Mesma’ were grown in a greenhouse in 40, 60 or 80% RH and pollinated by bumblebees. In Experiments 2 and 3, commercial biostimulant products Kelpak, Cremalga, Kriss and Alginamin were tested on cv. ‘Alli’ in a greenhouse, and an open high tunnel. Fruit set and yield were strongly affected by RH, being highest in either 40% RH for cv. ‘Mesma’ or 60% RH for cv. ‘Alli’, reduced by nearly 50% in 80% RH. Kriss and Alginamin increased fruit weight by as much as 18% but there was no effect on total yield. We conclude that control of relative humidity in greenhouse cultivation, especially to avoid very high RH conditions, can be highly beneficial for arctic bramble, and that algae-based biostimulants show potential to improve fruit weight.
KONSISTENSI PENGATURAN TANGGUNG JAWAB SOSIAL DAN LINGKUNGAN PERUSAHAAN DALAM PERATURAN PERUNDANG-UNDANGAN DI INDONESIA
Authors: Vanessha Dasenta Demokracia
Published: April 2024

The article aims to find out and examine the inconsistencies in the regulation of corporate social and environmental responsibility in Indonesian laws and regulations and the legal politics of corporate social and environmental responsibility in Indonesian laws and regulations. This research is normative research with a legal political approach. The data source is in the form of secondary data consisting of primary legal materials and secondary legal materials. Methods of data collection using literature and interviews. Primary legal materials and secondary legal materials were analyzed using legal analysis methods. The thinking process used to draw conclusions is the deductive thinking process. There are inconsistencies in the regulation of corporate social and environmental responsibility in Indonesia, especially in Law Number 25 of 2007 concerning Investment and Law Number 40 of 2007 concerning Limited Liability Companies. There is an inconsistency or discrepancy in the regulation of corporate social and environmental responsibility because there is a discrepancy in the concept of corporate social and environmental responsibility in several laws that regulate this matter. Arrangements regarding social and environmental responsibility in Indonesia should be developed to address the current issues of corporate social and environmental responsibility. Renewal of social and environmental responsibility regulations can be carried out by taking into account the legal system and legal principles in force in Indonesia. This will enable the creation of legal certainty and provide justice for the parties in the implementation of corporate social and environmental responsibility.
Nematode Dioctophyme Renale Goeze, 1782 (Nematoda, Dioctophymatidae) in Predatory Mammals in Karakalpakstan
Authors: Shakarboev Erkinjon Berdikulovich , Berdibaev Abat Sultamuratovich , Abdurakhmonov Sherali Alisher Ugli , Kaniyazov Amaniyaz Janadilovich
Published: April 2024

The material for this work was collected in Karakalpakstan in 2018–2022. A total of 258 predatory mammals were examined. The nematode was recorded only in the jackal. The nematode Dioctophyme renale is a common helminth parasitising the jackal in Karakalpakstan. The studies showed that 24 out of 91 examined jackals (26.4%) were infected with nematodes. The intensity of infection was 11 individuals. Dioctophyme renale is a biohelminth, whose first intermediate host is the worm Lumbriculus variegatus from the subclass Oligochaeta, and the reservoir host is the catfish.
PECULIARITIES OF THE COURSE AND TREATMENT OF ACUTE INFECTIOUS RHINOSINUSITIS IN VOICE-SPEAKING PROFESSIONALS
Authors: Moskalyk O. , Rudnytska Kh. , Pronina O. , Bilash S. , Chalyi I. , Onysko R.
Published: April 2024

Numerous scientific studies are dedicated to the study of the morphological structure of the vocal cords and the diagnostic criteria of their lesions. The purpose of the work: the study of changes in the quality of the voice and the condition of the vocal cords in persons of voice-speaking professions who were treated for acute viral or bacterial rhinosinusitis and continued to work (had vocal strain) during the illness.Research material and methods. The examination data of 24 patients (16 women and 8 men) of voice-speaking professions who were treated for acute viral or bacterial rhinosinusitis and continued to work (had voice strain) during the illness were analyzed. For each patient, a phoniatric patient study card was filled out, in which passport data was noted, including profession, patient complaints, data on life history, disease history and objective examination of ENT organs: pharyngoscopy, rhinoscopy, otoscopy, indirect laryngoscopy, which was performed with the help of 700 or 900 rigid endoscope. Research results. The analysis of the examination data of 24 patients (16 women and 8 men) of voice professionals who were treated for acute viral or bacterial rhinosinusitis and continued to work (had vocal strain) during the illness showed that during the control examination of the data of the patients for 7-10 days since the beginning of treatment, indirect laryngoscopy and stroboscopy revealed: hemorrhage in one fold - 3 cases, prenodular thickening of the edges of the vocal folds - 8 cases. The mobility of the folds was preserved in all patients, but during phonation, a gap formed between the folds in 19 patients, which was accompanied by hypertonus of the vestibular folds in 3 cases. During stroboscopy of this group of patients, vocal fold asynchrony was detected in 21 cases. The PMF was shortened in 21 patients and was 12 + 1.3 s (norm – 16s), and in men – 16 + 1.5 s (norm – 21s). Conclusions. In the treatment of patients of voice-speaking professions with acute viral or bacterial rhinosinusitis, changes in the vocal folds are observed, with possible hypertonus.
UNVEILING STUDENTS' CHALLENGES AND ATTITUDES TOWARDS PROJECT-BASED LEARNING IN ENGLISH-SPEAKING TERTIARY CLASSROOM
Authors: Syafryadin Syafryadin , Binti Othman Juliana , Amalia Shynta , Wardhana Dian Eka Chandra
Published: April 2024

University students learning English as a Foreign Language (EFL) often struggle with speaking anxiety, limited practice opportunities, and performance pressure. This paper explores the challenges and attitudes of EFL university students towards Project-Based Learning (PBL) implemented in a speaking class at the tertiary level in the Indonesian context. The study included 35 university students from a public university in Indonesia. The researchers employed a mixed-methods approach to examine students' attitudes and challenges. Data were gathered through a questionnaire and semi-structured interviews. The analysis of the questionnaire revealed predominantly positive attitudes towards PBL. The interviews uncovered challenges, such as lack of confidence, pronunciation difficulties, time constraints, heavy workload, and performance anxiety. Despite these challenges, the students had positive attitudes, emphasising PBL's potential for enhancing speaking skills. The study recommends targeted interventions to address lingering challenges and refine PBL implementation.
Reativação de fios russos com fixação subperiostal na região temporal – relato de caso
Authors: Bortoni Rosalbo da Costa , Celória Antonio , Morales Lúslei Maristel Santos
Published: April 2024

Como resultado do processo de envelhecimento, observamos reabsorções das estruturas ósseas, deslocamentos das estruturas faciais profundas, frouxidão ligamentares e das fibras musculares e consequentemente uma ptose facial. Os pacientes cada vez mais procuram por procedimentos menos invasivos, com baixa morbidade, rápida recuperação, com preços atrativos e que atendam a suas preocupações estéticas. Uma opção de tratamento para a ptose facial é fio russo farpado. Neste relato de caso clínico será demonstrada uma técnica utilizada para reativar fios russos que foram instalados em uma paciente há oito anos. Esta paciente apresentou recidiva da ptose. Adaptou-se a esse caso a sutura de Serdev, para tracionar os fios russos novamente e os fixar na região subperióstica do músculo temporal, bilateralmente. O resultado foi excelente e concluiu-se que esta técnica é uma ótima opção para reativar fios russos, quando necessário.
Development of Basic Geology Mobile Learning Based on Android Indonesia Geodiversity Area
Authors: Riswadinata Indra , Prasetiyo Tri Kukuh , Diniyati Nurul
Published: April 2024

Basic Geology is a prior knowledge that needs to be supported by a flexible learning environment through the use of mobile technology. Through the supports of mobile technology, students will gain freedom of access because they can be used anytime and anywhere. The progress and speed of technological development, the ease and practicality of using smartphone devices are the potential, opportunities and challenges for presenting mobile technology in learning. The presence of generation Z who are already familiar with technology has reinforced the need to utilize technology to accommodate them in learning better. The aim of this development research is to produce a learning product in the form of a Basic Geology mobile learning application to support learning anywhere and anytime and to determine the feasibility of the product in terms of media and materials, as well as responses from users. This research uses the Lee & Owens model in developing mobile learning applications. Data was collected using a questionnaire filled out by media experts, material experts and service users in the Indonesian Geodiversity Area. The results of this research are (1) user needs for mobile learning to support Basic Geology learning by providing learning resources and building learning communities, (2) producing Basic Geology mobile learning products, (3) results of feasibility tests by media experts, material experts and Individual, small group and field trials show that mobile learning is suitable for use inÂ learning.Keywords: geodiversity; basic geology; mobile learning