bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Exploring the Determinants of Milk Production among Smallholder Dairy Farming: A Case of Pirojpur District, Bangladesh
Authors:   Dept. of Agricultural Extension and Information System, Sher-eBangla Agricultural University, Dhaka-1207, Bangladesh., Mitu Sadia Afroz
Published: May 2023

Dairy farming is a good income source of the smallholder dairy farmers in Bangladesh to maintain their livelihood. In this aspect, the objective of the study was to assess the determinants or factors infl uencing milk production in the smallholder dairy farms in Pirojpur district of Bangladesh. A sample of 93 smallholder dairy farmers was randomly selected for data collection. A pre-tested structured interview schedule was employed to conduct the survey among the respondents. The data were interpreted by using percentage, mean, frequency, standard deviation and regression analysis. Majority of the farmers (84.9%) had low to moderate milk production in their farm. The milk production was infl uenced by training in cattle rearing, smaller cattle herd size, farmers’ higher knowledge on milk production, and a greater number of milking cows. The Department of Livestock Service (DLS) and other related NGOs may arrange more training programs for the smallholder dairy farmers focused on milk production. Initiative like providing credit facilities either interest-free or lower rate of interest may help the farmers to be owner of more milking cow as well as increase farm income of the smallholder dairy farmers
Livelihood Security and its Determinants Among Farmers During COVID-19 Pandemic in Telangana, India
Authors:   ICAR- NAARM, Hyderabad, Telangana, India, Pooja Gottimukkula Sree
Published: May 2023

With COVID-19 outbreak globally several studies on livelihoods and food systems are conducted in consistent manner. India being an agrarian economy, the impact of pandemic on agricultural sector and farmers needs a great focus. The present exploratory study on Livelihood Security (LS) was carried out in Telangana, India among Suryapet and Rangareddy districts purposively with 160 respondents selected through multistage random sampling during 2021. Livelihood Security Index was used with 7 sub-indicators and it depicted that only one sub-indicator i.e., economic security contributing less than 50% to LS and majority of the respondents have moderate level of livelihood security (42.5%) with overall mean value of 0.628. The determinants of LS were identifi ed through Multivariate regression analysis model and found 14 predictors were fi tted in model responsible for 62.8% variance in the dependent variable (LS). The regression model revealed that Family size, educational years, Livestock holding, Social Participation, annual family income, mass media exposure, and Risk orientation were most aided predictor variables in the improvement of livelihood security during COVID-19 with educational years having greater β-value. R2 standardized linear graph was plotted against the LS and the signifi cant predictor value demonstrating the distribution of respondents over graph according to their livelihood security with R2 linear value 0.606. Thus, during COVID-19 more livelihood options for diversifi cation of income can aid in increase of LS. The present study concluded by suggesting policy implications to ensure livelihood security among farming communities during pandemic.
Analysis of Resource Management by Farmers in Different Farming Situations in Karnataka
Authors:   University of Agricultural Sciences, GKVK, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India, Raj. N Anitha
Published: May 2023

The study was conducted during 2018-19 in three districts (Mandya, Chikkaballapur and Tumakuru) of Karnataka where two taluks were selected to assess the resource management of assured, protected and rainfed farming situation farmers, 180 respondents were selected using purposive random sampling method. Data was collected using structured interview schedule through personal interview method. The collected data was tabulated and analyzed using percentages, correlation and regression. Ex-post facto research design was employed for the study. The fi ndings revealed that farmers in protected farming situations had obtained relatively higher mean indices (0.0515) followed by rainfed farming situation (0.0151) and assured farming situation (0.0109) respectively. In dimension wise Natural resource management, protected farming situation obtained highest index (0.0388) than the pooled sample (0.0346) followed by rainfed (0.0362). Independent variable farming experience (r=0.339) had positive and highly signifi cant relationship with resource management at one per cent level in assured farming situation. Independent variables viz., farming experience, farming commitment, achievement motivation, mass media exposure, innovativeness, scientifi c orientation, extension participation, extension agency contact, time management, land holding, decision making ability, cosmopoliteness and annual income had signifi cantly contributed to the resource management of farmers
Economic Motivation of The Women Entrepreneurs in Telangana State
Authors:   P rofessor Jayashakar Telangana State Agricultural University, Hyderabad, Telangana, India, Spandana B.
Published: May 2023

Economic empowerment is the most powerful route for women to realise their rights and achieve their goals. The importance of women's entrepreneurship for economic development is widely recognized. MSMEs are the backbone of the Indian economy. Women entrepreneurs are increasingly recognised as the new engines for inclusive and sustainable industrial growth, as well as the rising stars of developing-country economies. The present study aimed at fi nd out economic motivation of the women entrepreneurs in the Telangana state. The study was conducted in three districts of Telangana state, i.e Adilabad, Sangareddy, and Rangareddy. A total of 180 respondents constituted the sample of the study. The study revealed that the majority of the respondents run their enterprises with their own funds/investment, some of the respondents took fi nancial assistance from friends & relatives, SHGs, banks and money lenders. Further analysis of the results revealed that the majority of the respondents had medium-level economic motivation, followed by high and low. Multiple correlation analysis revealed that education, enterprise income, sources of information, mass media contact, infrastructural facilities and entrepreneurial experience showed a positive and signifi cant relationship with economic motivation
A Scale to Measure the Attitude Towards Entrepreneurial Motivation of Agripreneurs
Authors:   Department of Agril.Ext. and Rural Sociology, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore, India, S Elakkiya. S
Published: May 2023

A shift from agriculture to agribusiness is an essential pathway to revitalize Indian agriculture and to make more attractive and profi table venture. Agripreneurship has potential to generate growth, diversifying income, providing widespread employment and entrepreneurial opportunities in rural areas. Stabilization and growth of agricultural production results in rapid advancement in output and employment in agro-industries. The study aims to develop a scale to measure the attitude towards entrepreneurial motivation of agripreneurs. Thurstone and Chave’s (1929) equal appearing intervals scale method was adopted to develop the scale. The fi nal scale comprised ten statements, which are having universe of content, uniform distribution of scale values along the psychological continuum and high “scale values” and lower “Q” values and more or less equal number of favourable and unfavorable attitude items
Balkan Csárdás: Hungarian Foreign Policy Dance
Authors:   Belgrade Centre for Security Policy, Cvijic Srdjan , Bjelos Maja , Rankovic Ivana , Steric Luka , Drajic Marko
Published: May 2023

This paper is an all-encompassing effort to explain Hungarian policy and involvement in the Western Balkans. To answer this task, it is divided into four main sections. The first focuses on Hungary’s foreign policy strategy in the region. The second, as a special case study, investigates the effects of Orbán’s minority politics in Serbia’s Autonomous Province of Vojvodina. The third, researching Hungarian media empire in the region, and finally the fourth focusing on the economic drivers of Hungary’s approach in the region.
Impact of paradigm shift on employee engagement due to pandemic.
Authors: Thomas Chinnu , R Ratheesh
Published: May 2023

This pandemic situation has brought in new set of challenges in many sectors of the economy. While people are adapting to new normal, organisations are trying hard to maintain uninterrupted flow of work. Since work is done remotely away from standard, employee engagement has become one of the prominent priorities of Human resource management department. Organizations are continuously trying to develop new effective techniques to maintain the same level of employee engagement as before or much higher. This research paper makes a descriptive study on the impact of current pandemic on employee engagement and brings forward the measures adopted by different organisation to maintain same level of employee engagement. Major question is how employee engagement can be practiced when employees are working remotely, especially when they are apprehensive about other priorities of life. Effective innovative measures will keep employees motivated even in the toughest times like this. Working from home with proper support from organisation will lead to a positive shift. Giving away the usual antecedents and quick adaption to new changes is important for survival of every organisations.
AN ANALYSIS OF THE SOCIO-ECONOMIC FACTORS AFFECTING THE ACCEPTANCE OF ELECTRIC VEHICLES IN KERALA WITH SPECIAL REFERENCE TO TRIVANDRUM
Authors: Sreekumar Vaishnavi , S. Devadevan , Baburaj Abhinanda
Published: May 2023

This research paper analyses the socio-economic factors affecting the appeal and adoption of electric vehicles among the residents of Thiruvananthapuram district in Kerala. The study is conducted among 120 respondents with equal representation of both the genders. A well-structured questionnaire was circulated using google forms to collect the data. The major factors that positively influenced people’s decision to buy electric vehicles are the positive environmental effects and the rising fuel prices. The major factors that pushed people away from buying electric vehicles were observed to be technical in nature- limited infrastructure, long charging times and limited range.
Congestion Articulation Control Using Machine Learning Technique
Authors: Kaushik Priyanka
Published: May 2023

Congestion is the most serious issue in both Adhoc mobile networking and regular road traffic systems. The definition of a vehicle is changing as the automotive industry advances. Nowadays, all automobiles are outfitted with the most up-to-date sensors and communication capabilities. Mobile Ad Hoc Network that avoids traffic jams and articulation issues while also saving time by receiving direction from the GPS system on the shortest path using various algorithms. It also provides information on road safety and where to go. It repeatedly recalculates the shortest way using multiple algorithms to ensure that the user does not become stuck and stranded in traffic. From the point of view of research, this paper defines the architecture and protocols. However, VANETs are a subset of MANETs and constitute the future of Intelligent Transportation Systems. The development of big data, the latest sensors and probing vehicle data, as well as the widespread use of machine learning technologies, has given articulation control measurement in the traffic congestion area a completely new and different direction. By examining multiple traffic metrics. With machine learning, it is straightforward to forecast traffic congestion. This study is based on traffic congestion forecasting in real-time. This paper presents a summary of recent research conducted using various AI approaches and machine learning models.
Four new distributional records of earwigs (Insecta: Dermaptera), with a checklist of species from Chhattisgarh, India
Authors:   Zoological Survey of India, M-Block, New Alipore, Kolkata, 700053, India, Dey Shruti Lekha , K. G Emiliyamma ,   Zoological Survey of India, M-Block, New Alipore, Kolkata, 700053, India
Published: May 2023

We report the occurrence of four species of Dermaptera, viz., Diplatys sinuatus Hincks, 1955, Diplatys jawalagiriensis Kapoor, Bharadwaj and Banerjee, 1971, Echinosoma parvulum Dohrn, 1863 and Spongovostox semiflavus (Bormans, 1894) from Chhattisgarh for the first time.
Investigating the relationship between spiritual health, social factors and hypochondriasis among students at Shiraz University of Medical Sciences in Iran
Authors:   Philosophy of Biology and Healthy Lifestyle Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran, Riasaty Ali , Hashempour-Sadeghian Maryam ,   Philosophy of Biology and Healthy Lifestyle Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran, Maghami Hamid ,   Philosophy of Biology and Healthy Lifestyle Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran, Parhizkar Hadieh ,   Philosophy of Biology and Healthy Lifestyle Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran,   School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
Published: May 2023

Spiritual health represents the last dimension introduced to the overall notion of health and could even be regarded as the most critical dimension. This study investigates spiritual health and social factors associated with it among students at Shiraz University of Medical Sciences (SUMS). The study was cross-sectional research in which the respondents were 400 enrolled students of different disciplines at SUMS selected through random multistage sampling. Electronic questionnaires were used to collect data. Due to COVID-19 restrictions when the study was conducted in 2021, the classes were held online, and the whole process lasted about two months. The data collected were analyzed in SPSS 19 based on such statistical procedures as mean, standard deviation, independent t-test, and one-way ANOVA. The results revealed that, the students’ spiritual health was generally above average, and based on the respondents’ views, the most important dimensions of spiritual health were “behavior”, “orientation”, and “insight”, respectively. The findings also showed a significant difference in the participants’ spiritual health about their marital status, place of residence, and respective school (P<0.05); Being married, living in rural regions, studying nursing, and having completed fewer semesters could contribute to increased spiritual health. The more semesters the students completed, the less spiritual health they experienced (r=-0.134; P<0.001). The reason for this is that increasing the levels of spiritual health would depend on an individual’s ability to change his/her intellectual insights and emotional orientations. However, these two factors may decline as students begin their academic studies. The level of hypochondriasis was low, and this variable variable was not significantly associated with spiritual health (P>0.05). In response, policymakers must find solutions to this problem by formulating plans that could ideally enhance students’ levels of spiritual health.
DISASTER RISK REDUCTION IN THE MUNICIPALITY OF LEZHË. SEISMIC RISK AS PART OF A MULTI-RISK ANALYSIS
Authors: Guri Merita , Duro Endri
Published: May 2023

Disaster Risk Reduction (DRR) and community resilience is considered as a global priority. For several decades the focus has been on changing the approach from emergency response towards prevention strategies. Within this approach local authorities have a fundamental role in reducing such disasters as they represent the link between the community and other stakeholders; from central authorities to engineers, planners and disaster specialists. As such the quality, efficiency and the way the risk information is provided to such authorities is of the utmost importance. Albania is located in one of the most active areas from the seismic point of view and therefore is an earthquake-prone country. The latest seismic event was the 6.4 Magnitude earthquake of November 2019 in Durrës which caused several fatalities and a considerable amount of economic damage, whose impact is still evident nowadays, three years after the event, with the recovery phase still ongoing. Such consequences clearly reflect the low levels of resilience and preparedness urban and non-urban systems in Albania unfortunately have. The aim of this paper, is the evaluation of seismic risk in semi-quantitative terms based on indices, within a wider multi-risk analysis including also flooding, fire, wind, snow etc. for one of the most strategic municipalities of Albania, Lezhë. The analysis is done by taking into consideration several aspects of vulnerability; physical, social, economic, environmental and cultural. The results of such analysis are aimed to be used for several decision-making processes by the local authorities as part of improving the strategies for Disaster Risk Reduction (DRR) and Disaster Risk Management (DRM).
AN ANALYSIS OF BUSINESS RESPONSIBILITY AND SUSTAINABILITY REPORT OF SELECTED INDIAN COMPANIES
Authors: Mishra Biswadeep , Sharma Aakash
Published: May 2023

Investors and governments from all around the globe have been putting increased emphasis on the need for environmentally responsible finance. It would be useful to urge investors to study issues that go beyond risk and return since this would be beneficial. This would accomplish the goal of facilitating the growth of responsible investment, which would be beneficial. The advancement of the Indian market in the direction of a more sustainable environment would be beneficial to India's standing in the worldwide community. As a direct consequence of this, India's standing in the eyes of the rest of the world will improve. When it comes to making decisions about their finances, this would encourage customers to consider factors other than risk and reward. In the study titled "Business Responsibility and Sustainability Reporting," the authors explore five emerging organizations within the Indian financial sector and their approaches to corporate responsibility and sustainability reporting. Bajaj Finance Limited, IIFL Wealth Management Limited, Indiabulls Housing Finance Limited, Home First Finance Company India Limited, and Nahar Capital and Financial Services Limited are all represented in our investigation into the annual reports that each company prepares for this research, all of which are examined in considerable detail. The results of this study show that sustainable finance has become more prevalent throughout all India's financial sector. Additionally, the study highlights key policy changes and reforms that need to be done in the region to improve growing financial markets in the long term. This is done, in particular, to increase the area's attractiveness to potential investors. These adjustments and alterations to the system are emphasized in the study. The aforementioned changes and revisions are given great weight in the research.
FORENSIC ACCOUNTING IN INDIA: AN EXPLORATION OF EDUCATION, PRACTICE, AND CAREER OPPORTUNITIES
Authors: Dave Nirali , Patel Dharini
Published: May 2023

Forensic accounting gained popularity in India following the Enron, Rajat Gupta, and Satyam cases. Few chartered accounting firms specialize in fraud investigation as a practice area. The big four consulting firms Deloitte, KPMG, PricewaterhouseCoopers, and Ernst & Young control a large portion of this industry. Forensic accounting should be included in the curriculum at undergraduate and postgraduate levels across the country. This will help corporations and governments keep a lid on crime at the outset, writes Shashank Joshi. Forensic accounting is an area where forensic accountant examines financial information to detect and investigate financial fraud. ICAI has incorporated a Certified Course on Forensic Accounting and Fraud Detection for practicing CAs. 40% of the top American accounting firms are expanding their offerings to include fraud and forensics. Many accountants in India lack the expertise and knowledge required to conduct forensic accounting or fraud detection effectively. This course is crucial in India because it ensures that accountants can provide reliable testimony in court and during criminal investigations. Through this course, accountants in India can learn how to apply their accounting, auditing, and investigation skills to spot financial irregularities and gain a thorough understanding of the idea of forensic accounting. CFAPs are qualified individuals with the knowledge to look into cases of fraud, money laundering, and other financial crimes. The primary goal of CFAPs is to close the communication gap between financial data and legal proceedings. They do this by utilizing the most recent tools and technologies. A forensic accounting course may be included as a separate subject in the university curriculum.
The Internet as a threat source of propagating alcohol consumption by children and adolescents
Authors: Olszewska Marta
Published: May 2023

The aim of the study is to draw attention to the problem of alcohol consumption bychildren and adolescents. In time transfers these behaviors to a virtual backyard, wherethe law is violated on websites and social networks every day, and advertising and18+ content related to alcohol consumption attack every possible way of children andadolescents. Statistics show that the age of alcohol initiation is decreasing, and onetimeepisodes of alcoholic libations are more and more frequent among adolescents.Additionally, the so-called pathostream, which consists in recording behavior considereddeviant and publishing it on the web, often live. This has increasingly serious consequencesfor the childs physical and mental health.
Short Research Report: The effect of traditional play on the emotional intelligence, social ability, and self-esteem of children in Korean child welfare centers: A mixed-methods study
Authors:   Department of Social Welfare, Ulsan College, Ulsan, South Korea, Lim Hye-Soo
Published: May 2023

This mixed-methods study investigated the effects of a traditional play program (TPP) on 48 children’s emotional intelligence (EQ), social ability (SA), and self-esteem (SE), important skills for children’s overall well-being and development. The participants were recruited from two child welfare centers (CCs) and divided into experimental and control groups. The experimental group participated in a 13-week, biweekly 40-minute TPP designed to improve these skills. The analysis revealed TPP’s efficacy in improving EQ, SA, and SE, with consequent implications for child welfare centers’ interventions. Future research should focus on understanding underlying mechanisms and generalizability to other groups. keywords: traditional play, emotional intelligence, social competence, self-esteem, child welfare centers, South Korea
La importancia de la cría de pavos (Meleagricultura) en Yucatán
Authors: Santos-Ricalde Ronald , Segura-Correa José
Published: May 2023

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La ictiofauna cenotícola (peces de cenote) más relevante de la península de Yucatán
Authors: Schmitter-Soto Juan Jacobo
Published: May 2023

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Prototype Curriculum: Opportunities and Challenges of Inclusive Schools in Implementing Education for All in the Metaverse Era
Authors: Bakhri Syamsul , Sofyan M. Ali
Published: May 2023

During the COVID-19 pandemic, both special and inclusive schools can implement the 2013 curriculum, the emergency curriculum, and the prototype curriculum. The prototype curriculum is a new opportunity because it focuses on developing students’ soft skills and character. However, it also challenges developing metaverse technology in its accessibility for students with special needs. This study uses a qualitative method with a literature study approach and content analysis techniques. The results were analyzed using Pierre Bourdieu’s theory of social practice. The research results show that the prototype curriculum in special schools or special education focuses on developing soft skills and students’ character. There is an opportunity for inclusive schools to be a fair arena for all students. If the development of metaverse technology increases the accessibility of students with special needs then the implementation of inclusive education will be achieved because in cyberspace everyone has the same equality and accessibility. The challenges faced by inclusive schools are government policies that have not implemented inclusive education thoroughly and evenly; the inclusive education curriculum which now has to adapt to the prototype curriculum; lack of facilities and infrastructure; teacher training that has not been maximized; lack of community understanding; and technical problems in the implementation of inclusive education.
Pengajaran English Numeral Pada Siswa Sekolah Dasar Dengan Menggunakan Media Visual Number Tracing Worksheet
Authors: Husain Nurlaila , Ali Sri Widyarti , Mamu Rahmawaty , Rohandi Manda
Published: May 2023

Tujuan dari pengabdian ini adalah untuk membantu siswa SD mengatasi kesulitan dalam menulis bentuk huruf dari angka dalam bahasa Inggris menggunakan media visual berupa Number Tracing Worksheet. Melalui penggunaan media visual ini, diharapkan terdapat beberapa perubahan atau pembaharuan, yaitu meningkatkan minat siswa dalam belajar English numeral, meningkatkan pemahaman siswa terhadap English numeral, meningkatkan keterampilan motorik halus siswa, dan meningkatkan kreativitas siswa. Dengan demikian, diharapkan pengajaran English numeral pada siswa SD dapat memberikan manfaat yang lebih besar bagi siswa dalam mempelajari bahasa Inggris.
Pendampingan dan Implementasi Seleksi Terbuka Perangkat Desa berbasis Komputer
Authors: R. Bagus Bambang Sumantri  , Suryani Riska
Published: May 2023

Seleksi terbuka bagi perangkat desa merupakan inovasi baru dalam peningkatan kualitas sumber daya aparatur desa. Dengan adanya peningkatan kualitas sumber daya aparatur desa ini diharapkan akan meningkatkan pelayanan public bagi masyarakat. Pelaksanaan pengabdian masyarakat (PKM) ini bertujuan untuk melaksanakan analisis dan mendeskripsikan pelaksanaan seleksi perangkat desa di Desa Pamijen Kabupaten Banyumas. Berdasarkan hasil diskusi dengan panitia, dapat ditemukan ada dua permasalahan yang dihadapi oleh mitra yakni: pertama, mitra belum mampu menyusun soal standar tes perangkat desa; kedua, desa belum mampu melakukan analisis jawaban peserta ujian perangkat desa. Oleh karena itu, solusi yang ditawarkan tim pengabdian kepada mitra adalah melaksanakan pendampingan dan implementasi tentang rekrutmen dan seleksi perangkat desa tersebut. Metode yang digunakan adalah metode advokasi yakni pendampingan masyarakat dalam menyelesaikan persoalan yang sedang dihadapi bersama-sama dengan pemegang kebijakan di wilayah tersebut. Hasil PKM menunjukkan bahwa implementasi seleksi perangkat desa di Desa Pamijen telah dilakukan sesuai dengan ketentuan perbub no 35 tahun 2017. Pelaksaan tes CBT dengan bentuk soal pilihan ganda dengan passing grade 63, peserta yang lolos passing grade akan melanjutkan Ujian praktek dengan jumlah 5 soal. Pelaksanaan PKM berupa seleksi perangkat Desa Pamijen Kecamatan Sokaraja telah dilaksanakan dengan mengedepankan keterbukaan dan pertanggungjawaban serta akan terwujud dengan adanya perangkat desa yang berkualitas.
UMA REFLEXÃO SOBRE O ENSINO DA LÍNGUA PORTUGUESA: O TEXTO COMO INSTRUMENTO PARA O ENSINO E APRENDIZAGEM DA PRODUÇÃO TEXTUAL
Authors: FREITAS Mariana Santiago Ferreira
Published: May 2023

Durante muito tempo, saber escrever era sinônimo de saber lidar apenas com as regras gramaticais, no entanto, a partir da década de 1997, depois da publicação da Lei de Diretrizes e Bases 5692/71, o texto torna-se o objeto intermediador para o ensino e aprendizagem no país. Com isso, entram em pauta outras discussões sobre o ensino do texto como a ideia de não mais dar ênfase apenas nos aspectos gramaticais, mas compreender o texto como um enunciado formado a partir de um contexto de comunicação específico e orquestrado através de uma gama de conhecimentos linguísticos, enciclopédicos e cognitivos que devem ser tratados nas aulas de língua materna. A partir de então, o texto deixa de ser compreendido como um produto e passa a ser visto como uma atividade processual, cujo ensino passa a ser realizado por meio da preparação, contextualização, planejamento, avaliação e revisão, reescrita e publicação. Posto isso, salientamos que o objetivo dessa pesquisa é refletir sobre o ensino da produção textual. Para isso, discutiremos sobre o ensino do texto nas salas de aula, enfatizando práticas aplicadas nas aulas de língua e a importância do ensino processual do texto. Para isso, a discussão está fundamentada na Linguística Textual (MARCUSCHI, 2008; GOMES-SANTOS, 2020; ANTUNES, 2009) e nos documentos oficiais como os PCN-LP (BRASIL, 1997) e BNCC (BRASIL, 2018). Quanto aos procedimentos metodológicos a pesquisa é de natureza básica de cunho descritivo e bibliográfico.
Dexmedetomidine vs. Fentanyl-Midazolam Combination to Mitigate the Stress Response in Microlaryngoscopy: A Randomized Double-blind Clinical Trial
Authors: Oriby Mohamed E , Elrashidy Ayman , Khafagy Ahmed Gamal , Philip Rezkalla Peter
Published: May 2023

Background: Laryngoscopy is the most painful noxious stimulus during anesthesia and surgery. Dexmedetomidine is increasingly used as a sedative in surgeries involving microlaryngoscopy. Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate the effect of dexmedetomidine and a combination of fentanyl and midazolam on mitigating the stress response in patients scheduled for microlaryngoscopy. Methods: This randomized, double-blind clinical trial enrolled 60 patients (28 males and 32 females) aged 18 - 65 years with the American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) physical status I - III. The patients were scheduled for microlaryngoscopy and equally divided into 2 groups. Group D received 1 μg/kg of dexmedetomidine and saline bolus dose over 10 minutes before general anesthesia (GA) induction, followed by 0.5 μg/kg/h of dexmedetomidine and saline infusions after GA induction. Group MF received 0.8 μg/kg of fentanyl plus 0.05 mg/kg of midazolam over 10 minutes before GA induction, followed by 1 μg/kg/h of fentanyl plus 0.05 mg/kg/h of midazolam as an infusion. The heart rate (HR) and mean arterial blood pressure (MAP) pressure were recorded from baseline until the end of surgery. Infusions were stopped at the end of the surgery. Results: The number of patients requiring propofol and intraoperative supplemental propofol was significantly lower in group D than in group MF. The heart rate was significantly lower in group D than in group MF (P = 0.022, 0.048, 0.032, 0.045, 0.041, 0.026, 0.030, and 0.036) from induction until the end of surgery; in addition, it was comparable between both groups at baseline and before induction. MAP was comparable between both groups for all measurements. Conclusions: Dexmedetomidine mitigates the hemodynamic changes related to microlaryngoscopy more effectively than the fentanyl-midazolam combination.
Effect of Peganum harmala Extract on Biofilm and Involved Gene Expression in Biofilm Production of Candida albicans
Authors: Erfaninejad Maryam , Aboualigalehdari Elham , Fatahinia Mahnaz
Published: May 2023

Background: Since common drug therapies cannot eradicate Candida biofilm, extensive studies are required to develop more effective antifungal compounds and identify their mechanism of action against Candida biofilm. Peganum harmala L. is a traditional medicinal plant, the seeds of which have been used to treat various diseases. Objectives: This study aimed to investigate the anti-biofilm mechanisms of P. harmala extract (PHE) and the expression of CAT1, EFG1, and BCR1 genes involved in oxidative stress response and biofilm formation in Candida albicans. Methods: Anti-biofilm activity of PHE was evaluated by crystal violet assay to determine biofilm formation on 33 C. albicans isolates. Finally, a real-time polymerase chain reaction was performed to analyze the effect of PHE on the expression of CAT1, EFG1, and BCR1 genes in C. albicans. Results: This study determined the minimum biofilm eradication concentration (MBEC) of 15 isolates in concentrations between 0.49 - 3.9 μg/mL of P. harmala extract. Statistical analysis showed that the exposure of C. albicans biofilm to PHE significantly reduced the expression of CAT1 mRNA in C. albicans isolates (P = 0.0068). However, no significant difference was observed in the expression of EFG1 and BCR1 genes. Conclusions: The results demonstrated that PHE significantly decreased CAT1 expression in C. albicans cells treated with the herbal extract. PHE is likely to accumulate hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) by reducing CAT1 expression and disrupting the pro-oxidant/antioxidant balance that leads to the overproduction of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and can cause damage to cellular components and eventually destroy C. albicans biofilm.
مراقبت‌های قبل از ولادت نزد خانم‌ها در دوران بارداری در شهر هرات
Authors:   عضو هیئت‌علمی پوهنتون / دانش‌گاه هرات و غالب, شایان پوهندوی دکتور نثار احمد
Published: May 2023

روزانه بیش از 800 خانم در سراسر جهان به علت حامله‌گی و عوارض ناشی از آن، جان خود را از دست می­‌دهند، که فیصدی بالای این مرگ­‌ومیر در کشورهای با درآمد پایین و متوسط صورت می­‌گیرد. مراقبت­‌های دوران بارداری،‌ عامل قبول‌شده به‌منظور بهبود نتایج دوران بارداری و کاهش مرگ­‌ومیر مادران و اطفال می­‌باشد. این تحقیق به شکل توصیفی در نواحی مختلف شهر هرات نزد 200 خانم صورت گرفته است و خانم­‌هایی که در سنین باروری قرار داشته­ و به‌صورت داوطلب حاضر به پاسخ­‌گویی بودند، شامل تحقیق گردیدند. در این تحقیق 32.5% خانم­‌ها بین سنین 18-24 سال، 47.5% بی‌سواد و 82.5% خانم خانه بوده­‌اند. 64.5% خانم­‌های اشتراک‌کننده در این تحقیق حداقل 4 ویزیت‌ یا مراقبت­‌های دوران بارداری را اخذ نمودند. بین انجام مراقبت­‌های دوران بارداری و متغیرهای دست‌رسی به خدمات صحی، مصرف سیگار و قلیان، سطح سواد خانم، سطح سواد شوهر خانم و شاخص تودۀ بدنی ازلحاظ آماری ارتباط معناداری دریافت گردید. مراقبت­‌های دوران بارداری در شهر هرات در این تحقیق نظر به آمار ارائه‌شده در مورد افغانستان، به شکل قابل‌توجهی بالا بوده‌اند، که دلیل بر سطح سواد بالای خانم­‌های اشتراک‌کنندۀ این تحقیق، سطح سواد بالای شوهر خانم­‌های اشتراک‌کننده، سطح اقتصادی به‌تر و شهر‌نشین‌بودن اشتراک‌کننده­‌گان می­‌باشد. انجام تحقیقات با سطح وسیع­تر، تحقیقات تحلیلی خصوصاً از نوع مقطعی و تحقیقاتی، که نکات دوردست و ولسوالی­‌ها را شامل باشد، در آینده توصیه می­‌گردد.
الگوی مقاومت آنتی‌بیوتیکی باکتری‌های جداشده از نمونۀ بیماران در آزمایش‌گاه‌های شهر هرات (1400)
Authors:   عضو هیئت علمی پوهنځی / دانش‌کدۀ طب معالجه‌وی پوهنتون / دانش‌گاه غالب – هرات, عرب‌نژاد دکتور رامین
Published: May 2023

مصرف بی‌رویۀ آنتی‌بیوتیک‌ها، باعث مقاومت میکروبی شده است، به‌نحوی‌که مصرف خودسرانۀ آن‌ها موجب افزایش مقاومت میکروبی گردیده و نهایتاً نیاز به آنتی‌بیوتیک‌های جدید و قوی‌تر را افزایش می‌دهد. مشکل آنتی‌بیوتیک‌های جدید نیز «هزینۀ بسیار بالای» آن‌هاست. هدف این مطالعه، بررسی شیوع مقاومت آنتی‌بیوتیکی در میان باکتری‌های گرام مثبت و گرام منفی در شهر هرات، در ‌سال (1400) بوده است. این تحقیق به شکل توصیفی انجام شده، که در آن مجموعاْ 2464 نمونة‌ از قبل تهیه شده، توسط آزمایش‌گاه‌های شهر هرات از تاریخ 15 جولای 2020 تا تاریخ 15 مِی 2021 جمع‌آوری شده است. ‌یافته‌های این تحقیق نشان می‌دهند: که بیش‌ترین مقاومت‌سنجی در مقابل استافیلوکوک صورت می‌گیرد، که درنتیجه بیش‌ترین مقاومت این باکتری در مقابل Furazolidion (100.0٪) و کم‌ترین مقاومت آن در مقابل Rifampicin (27.4٪) می‌باشد. مقاومت آنتی‌بیوتیکی در برابر باکتری‌های گرام مثبت مانند استافیلوکوک، بالا و در مقابل باکتری‌های گرام منفی پایین دریافت گردید. ‌باتوجه به تفاوت نتایج آنتی‌بیوگرام در مناطق جغرافیایی مختلف، استفاده از الگوی مقاومت آنتی‌بیوتیکی منطقه‌یی در تداوی مریضان ضروری است.
KARAKTERISASI KONSENTRAT TEMBAGA INDONESIA UNTUK DIKLAT PENINGKATAN NILAI TAMBAH TEMBAGA
Authors: Hutabarat Imelda
Published: May 2023

Indonesia memiliki cadangan tembaga yang cukup banyak yang berada di jalur cincin api daerah seismik paling aktif di dunia yang terbentang dari barat Sumatera hingga timur Papua. Saat ini, keterdapatan cadangan tembaga ditambang besar-besaran di Batu Hijau, Nusa Tenggara Barat dan Erzsberg dan Grasberg Papua [1,2]. Tujuan dari penulisan ini adalah untuk menyajikan hasil karakterisasi konsentrat tembaga Indonesia untuk kepentingan pendidikan dan penelitian lebih lanjut untuk penentuan proses alir ektraksi logam-logam pada konsentrat tembaga Indonesia. Bahan yang digunakan pada penelitian ini adalah konsentrat tembaga yang diproses melalui jalur kominusi dan flotasi. Konsentrat tembaga ini memiliki komposisi mineralogi kalkopirit dan pirit, yang mengandung berbagai logam berharga lainnya seperti emas, perak, platina, palladium, selenium, telurium dan lain sebagainya.Metode karakterisasi yang dilakukan adalah analisis kimia melalui XRF untuk logam-logam dasar dan inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) khusus untuk logam-logam berharga yang kuantitasnya lebih sedikit. Untuk fase mineraloginya dilakukan investigasi menggunakan x-ray diffraction (XRD). Selanjutnya visualisasi elemen pada sampel dikarakterisasi menggunakan scanning electron microscopy dengan energy dispersive X-ray spectrometer (SEM-EDX) untuk melihat kondisi elemen pada sampel setelah mengalami perlakuan pada temperatur tertentu.
OPTIMALISASI PERALATAN PENGOLAHAN MINERAL DI KAMPUS LAPANGAN CIPATAT PADALARANG
Authors: Hutabarat Imelda , Salajar Revi Timora
Published: May 2023

Kualitas diklat yang baik memerlukan kesiapan peralatan, prasarana serta sarana selain dari kebutuhan dasar yaitu Standar Kompetensi Kerja Nasional Indonesia (SKKNI), Standar Kurikulum, Modul, dan Materi Uji Kompetensi (MUK). Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk merancang proses alir dengan mempersiapkan peralatan dan perlengkapan serta sarana dan prasarana bidang pengolahan mineral agar pengembangan peralatan dan sarana di Kampus Lapangan Cipatat Padalarang PPSDM Geominerba dapat dimanfaatkan secara optimal untuk diklat-diklat yang diselenggarakan oleh PPSDM Geominerba. Persiapan perancangan ini dimulai dengan studi literatur mengenai jenis bahan baku untuk proses pengolahan mineral dengan memperhatikan keterdapatannya, jenis-jenis mineralnya, rencana pengolahan, dan peralatan yang diperlukan. Selanjutnya, dilakukan penyusunan proses alir untuk mineral nonlogam (batugamping) dan mineral logam (emas) yang selanjutnya dapat mengatur posisi peralatan yang berada di PlantPengolahan Mineral Kampus Cipatat Padalarang, Jawa Barat. Melalui tulisan ini, optimalisasi peralatan pengolahan mineral di Kampus Lapangan Cipatat Padalarang dapat dilakukan, terutama untuk Diklat Pengolahan Mineral Nonlogam seperti batugamping dan Diklat Pengolahan Mineral Logam seperti emas. Batugamping dapat diproses hingga menghasilkan produk berupa konsentrat yang halus dan siap untuk proses pembakaran hingga menjadi batugamping yang halus dan memenuhi industri selanjutnya. Mineral logam (emas) dapat melalui proses kominusi dengan jaw crusherdan ball mill. Selanjutnya, bisa dilakukan konsentrasi gravitasi dengan meja goyang (shaking table) untuk mendapatkan konsentrasi emas agar siap untuk peleburan emas.
KARAKTERISTIK SINGKAPAN BATUAN BEKU DAERAH CISAMPIH, DESA CITATAH, KECAMATAN CIPATAT, SEBAGAI LOKASI PRAKTIK KERJA LAPANGAN PELATIHAN BIDANG GEOLOGI
Authors: Asmoro Pudjo , Wahib Aminul , Setiawan Iwan Fahlevi
Published: May 2023

Batuan beku di daerah Cisampih hanyalah berupa tonjolan bukit kecil seluas sekitar 1,5 ha di daerah perbukitan Citatah yang terkenal dengan penambangan batugamping dan marmernya. Penambangan ini juga merambah sebagian bukit kecil bebatuan beku tersebut sehingga kenampakannya sebagai dike yang menerobos lapisan batu lanau di dekatnya menjadi lebih jelas, demikian pula efek bakarnya. Terubahnya sebagian batugamping menjadi marmer di daerah ini ditafsirkan sebagai akibat dari intrusi. Penelitian dilakukan dengan menggunakan metoda pemetaan geologi, untuk mengetahui penyebaran secara lateral ataupun vertikal singkapan batuan yang ada, serta untuk mengetahui hubungan di antara batuan tersebut. Analiis petrografi dilakukan untuk mengetahui komposisi mineralogi batuan tersebut, fungsinya untuk menamakan jenis batuannya secara lebih detail. Hasil dari penelitian diperoleh bahwa daerah penelitian disusun oleh batu lempung yang ditindih oleh batugamping. Batulempung tersebut diintrusi oleh batuan beku tetapi tidak sampai menerobos batugamping. Keadaan tersebut membuat kawasan ini menjadi semakin menarik setidaknya untuk praktik kerja lapangan peserta pelatihan dan ekskursi mahasiswa geologi karena ditunjang oleh aksesibilitasnya yang relatif mudah dan dekat dengan kota Bandung.
ANALISIS STATISTIK UNTUK MENENTUKAN PENGARUH KEMAGNETAN DAN FRAKSI TERHADAP EKSTRAKSI Al2O3 PADA PROSES MAGNETIC SEPARATION
Authors: Winarni Sri , Suryo Stefanus , Sunengsih Neneng
Published: May 2023

Penelitian ini mengkaji analisis statistik pada proses magnetic separationmineral Al2O3. Percobaan dilakukan oleh Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Teknologi Mineral dan Batubara (Puslibang tekMIRA). Dicobakan faktor kekuatan medan magnet (kemagnetan) dan ukuran mineral (fraksi). Pengukuran yang dilakukan pada proses magnetic separationini berupa persentase kadar Al2O3. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mendapatkan kombinasi perlakuan dari faktor kemagnetan dan fraksi yang menghasilkan kadar Al2O3 terbaik. Metode analisis statistik yang digunakan adalah Anova dan uji lanjut Duncan. Pengujian asumsi Anova dilakukan dan didapatkan bahwa asumsi kenormalan dan kehomogenan ragam residual terpenuhi sehingga hasil pengujian dijamin valid. Hasil yang diperoleh adalah pada faktor kemagnetan, kekuatan medan magnet 7500 gauss menghasilkan kadar Al2O3 tertinggi dengan rata-rata sebesar 57,25% dan standar deviasi sebesar 1,62. Pada faktor fraksi, kadar Al2O3 tertinggi dihasilkan oleh fraksi -30+60 mesh (F2) dengan ratarata 57,39% dengan standar deviasi 1,79.
PELINDIAN SIANIDASI TERHADAP BIJIH EMAS HASIL OKSIDASI DENGAN MENGGUNAKAN HIDROGEN PEROKSIDA
Authors: Salajar Revi Timora , Hutabarat Imelda
Published: May 2023

Perolehan emas yang rendah pada proses sianidasi langsung bijih emas refraktori sulfida telah mendorong berbagai upaya memodifikasi proses sianidasi langsung untuk meningkatkan perolehan emasnya. Salah satunya dengan melakukan proses praolahan terhadap bijih emas refraktori sulfida dengan penggunaan bahan oksidatif sebelum proses sianidasi. Pengaruh hydrogen peroksida (H2O2) sebagai bahan oksidatif pada praolahan bijih emas refraktori sulfide telah diteliti. Variabel penting dalam pengujian adalah konsentrasi hidrogen peroksida, sianida, pH larutan pelindian dan ukuran partikel. Konsentrasi hidrogen peroksida dan sianida memiliki efek yang signifikan terhadap tingkat perolehan emas. Perolehan emas optimum dicapai pada konsentrasi oksidator peroksida 0.75 M dan konsentrasi sianida sebesar 0.14%. Nilai perolehan emas pada kondisi ini telah menaikkan rekoveri proses dari 70,37% tanpa proses praolahan menjadi 85.19% dengan proses praolahan. Hasil penelitian ini membuktikan bahwa sianidasi langsung terhadap bijih emas refraktori sulfida dengan penggunaan bahan oksidatif pada praolahan memungkinkan tetap kompetitif pada aplikasi komersialnya.
MENHIR DI DAERAH DENATANA, KECAMATAN WOLOMEZE, KABUPATEN NGADA, NUSA TENGGARA TIMUR SEBAGAI OBJEK GEOWISATA UNTUK KUNJUNGAN DIKLAT GEOWISATA
Authors: Asmoro Pudjo , Nurmaya Fiati
Published: May 2023

Di Pulau Flores, Provinsi Nusa Tenggara Timur, tepatnya di Kabupaten Ngada, sedikitnya terdapat tiga lokasi menhir, yaitu menhir di Desa Mengeruda, Kecamatan Soa yang berada di tengah persawahan, menhir di Desa Naru yang berada di perkampungan, dan menhir di Desa Tiwuriwu, Kampung Bena, Kecamatan Jerebuu yang menyatu dengan kampung adat. Menhir di lokasi tersebut masih sering digunakan untuk acara adat. Menhir telah lama menjadi salah satu objek wisata yang menarik untuk dikunjungi. Selain sebagai objek wisata edukasi, menhir pun dijadikan sebagai objek penelitian atau sebagai salah satu objek keindahan alam. Menhir yang terbentuk oleh proses alam di daerah Denatana hanya terbentuk di tebing anak Sungai Nginamanu walaupun di tempat lain mempunyai kemiripan morfologi dan sifat fisik batuan yang relatif sama. Menhir tersebut terdiri atas tiang-tiang yang tersusun oleh breksi pumis dan tersebar searah dengan lembah sungai. Batuan penyusun menhir berupa endapan piroklastik bagian atas, bersifat laharik, kompak, klastik, berukuran butir hingga 5 cm, dengan komponen utama pumis. Proses erosi menghasilkan susunan batuan berbentuk susunan menhir berarah barat laut-tenggara. Tidak ditemui adanya bekas kegiatan manusia ataupun upacara adat di sekitar menhir tersebut. Penelitian ini bertujuan antara lain untuk melakukan pengumpulan informasi data, inventarisasi data objek geowisata kawasan menhir di Kabupaten Ngada dan sekitarnya, yang diharapkan dapat memberikan alternatif lokasi Praktik Kerja Lapangan bagi diklat-diklat geologi lingkungan, khususnya diklat Geologi Geowisata. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa menhir yang dijumpai di daerah Denatana, Kecamatan Wolomeze terbentuk pada batuan breksi pumis, di tebing anak sungai Nginamanu, berkelerengan tebing selatan 30o-40o dan tebing utara antara 60o–80o, berbentuk tiang-tiang tebal dan tipis, akibat proses erosi ke arah hulu dan ke arah samping.
PREDIKSI FRAGMENTASI BATUAN HASIL PELEDAKAN DENGAN PENDEKATAN MODEL KUZ-RAMPADA RENCANA PELEDAKAN BATUGAMPING DI KAMPUS LAPANGAN PPSDM-GEOMINERBA
Authors: Suwandhi Awang , Tambunan Charles
Published: May 2023

Distribusi fragmentasi hasil peledakan batugamping adalah salah satu aspek yang dinilai pada diklat Pengelola Peledakan yang rencananya dilakukan di Kampus Lapangan PPSDM-Geominerba. Hasil peledakan harus mempertimbangkan tiga syarat, yaitu fraksi ukuran lebih besar daripada 80 cm (boulder) maksimum 5%, powder factor(PF) maksimum 0,30 kg/m³, dan ukuran fragmentasi terdistribusi merata. Geometri peledakan dirancang dengan tinggi jenjang vertikal 8 m, kedalaman lubang rata-rata 9,4 m dengan kemiringan 20°, spasi 3,45 m, dan burden 2,67 m. Berat total bahan peledak (ANFO) adalah 396,3 kg di dalam 18 lubang ledak dengan diameter 76 mm. Prediksi distribusi fragmentasi batuan model Kuz-Ram memperlihatkan hasil akhir peledakan mengandung boulder 9,53%, PF 0,28 kg/m³, dan indeks keseragaman 1,39. Rancangan geometri peledakan dimodifikasi dengan mengubah burden menjadi 2,4 m dan parameter lainnya relatif sama. Hasil peledakan diprediksi menyisakan boulder5,76%, indeks keseragaman membaik jadi 1,50, tetapi PF meningkat 0,31 kg/m³. Modifikasi tersebut merupakan rancangan geometri peledakan optimum yang layak diterapkan pada awal peledakan di kampus lapangan.
PEMANTAUAN PERGERAKAN TANAH PADA JEMBATAN TOL SEMARANG–SOLO (JEMBATAN PENGGARON) MENGGUNAKAN GPS–REAL TIME KINEMATIC
Authors: Harmoko Antonius Alex , Hespiantoro Suryo
Published: May 2023

Menurut laporan PT Trans Marga Jateng, pada Maret 2011 diidentifikasi adanya perubahan kondisi Jembatan Penggaron yang terletak di ruas jalan tol Semarang–Solo km 20-21. Perubahan tersebut terindikasi karena adanya pergerakan tanah sehingga terjadi erosi dan amblesan di sebelah kiri timur Jembatan Penggaron. Akibat dari pergerakan tanah tersebut timbul rekahan pada expansion jointdi sisi kanan dan terjadi penurunan tanah. Berdasakan hal tersebut, dilakukan pemantauan gerakan tanah dengan mempelajari data geologi, kejadian gerakan tanah, geomorfologi, keairan,  curah hujan, penggunaan lahan, dan pemasangan patok. Metode yang digunakan berupa patok geser yang diukur menggunakan Global Position System(GPS)–Real-time Kinematic (RTK) untuk mendapatkan vektor posisi dengan akusisi tinggi. Hasil Pengukuran menunjukkan bahwa ada beberapa titik pada patok geser yang mengalami adanya perubahan antara 0,7–69 cm pada 6 titik patok geser. Pergeseran secara horizontal menunjukkan arah vektor ke selatan dan tenggara, dan buang. Secara vertikal besar perubahan kenaikan patok berkisar 2–13 cm dan penurunan patok sekitar 0,7–17,5 cm dalam kurun waktu 10 bulan pada Februari dan November 2018.