bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Neuroaesthetics: Maladies and Remedies
Authors: Kubovy Michael
Published: December 2019

[In press, Art & Perception] Some neuroaestheticians have adopted a strongly reductionistic view of the arts and sought to supplant scholarship about the arts with an understanding of their evolutionary and neuropsy- chological underpinnings. I use the work of several neuroaestheticians to provide examples of four problematic tendencies that beset this approach: (1) assume that a domain-general system encodes the affective value of works of art; (2) oversimplify or disregard art history and scholarship about the arts; (3) apply laboratory findings to explain unique works of art, and (4) use widespread preferences to account for works of art. I then diagnose the ailment underlying these tendencies: the denial of autonomous standing to the production and inter- pretation of the arts, and suggest remedies. I end with an example of research that shows how neuroscientific research can successfully addresses an important and long-standing aesthetic question.
Device Closure in Congenital Heart Disease
Authors: Regmi Shyam
Published: December 2019

A device to plug holes in the heart without open-heart surgery has been available for a decade. James Lock, M.D., chief cardiologist at Children’s Hospital Boston, developed his clamshell occluder for that purpose and also developed the CardioSEAL StarFlex, a newer model of that device. The StarFlex allows for the umbrella device to center itself to plug larger holes.
Electrophysiology and Radio frequency Ablation - A Novel Method of Treatment in Cardiology
Authors: Rajbhandari Sujeeb
Published: December 2019

Cardiac Electrophysiology and Radiofrequency Ablation (EPS & RFA) is one of the newer modalities of treatment in the field of cardiology. This method of treatmentis directed towards cardiac arrhythmias. Gone are the days when a doctor had to rely on medications to treat such conditions. It's an interventional technique which requires catheters, an EP lab system, cardiac catheterization laboratory and an Electrophysiologist.
Infective Endocarditis of Pulmonary valve and arterial wall
Authors: Khanal Hari Har
Published: December 2019

21 years old married girl presented with shortness of breath for last 2-3 years slightly and more increased in intensity for last 5-6 months, more marked on lying position; fever, chills, rigor and sweating present mostly at night time for last 2-3 months; chest pain which was located at the center of the chest and radiating to the back.
Rancang Bangun dan Pelatihan Penggunaan Sistem Administrasi Taman Pendidikan Al-Quran Al Mursyidien Surabaya
Authors: Muhima Rani Rotul , Rachman Andy , Putri Rahmi Rizkiana , Farida Farida , Sulaksono Danang Haryo
Published: December 2019

The administration of TPA Al-Mursyidien was still manual. TPA, which is located on Jalan Semolowaru No. 114-118, Semolowaru Surabaya, has had a number of students to hundreds of santri. This is troublesome for the teacher who is also the TPA administration. TPA already has information and communication technology infrastructure facilities but is still not optimally utilized. In fact, ICT can be used to assist TPA’s administration management. Based on these problems, at the ITATS Informatics Engineering Program (PPM) was made application called the "Al-Mursyidien APP". This application is used as a database of santri, instructors, management of data in and out of students, in and out of lecturers, management of student tuition fees and management of teacher payroll at TPA Al-Mursyidien In addition to making these applications, training on the application is used as well as making modules for application usage "APP's Al-Mursyidien".
Pelatihan Pendesainan Spanduk dengan Memanfaatkan Software CorelDraw sebagai Bekal Berwirausaha bagi Pemuda Karang Taruna Se-Kecamatan Gondang
Authors: Faizah Hanim , Fathonah Nur
Published: December 2019

Pemuda di Kecamatan Gondang, Kabupaten Mojokerto masih bekerja di bidang pertanian dan pabrik. Kebanyakan mereka ingin berwirausaha. Namun, mereka belum memiiki keahlian lain. Oleh karena itu, mereka perlu dibekali dengan kemampuan dalam berwirausaha, salah satunya adalah kemampuan dalam desain grafis. Berdasarkan hasil observasi, diketahui bahwa keterampilan dan pemahaman pemuda karang taruna di wilayah tersebut masih kurang dalam hal penggunaan CorelDraw untuk proses desain spanduk. Solusi yang ditawarkan adalah dilaksanakannya pelatihan dalam pendesainan spanduk dengan software CorelDraw bagi Pemuda se-Kecamatan Gondang, Mojokerto. Hasil yang diperoleh dari kegiatan ini adalah peningkatan soft skill pemuda karang taruna di Kecamatan Gondang dalam meningkatkan kemandirian ekonomi. Salah satu soft skill tersebut adalah hasil pemanfaatan software CorelDraw untuk mendesain spanduk.
Aspek Hukum Keberadaan Waralaba Minimarket terhadap Toko Tradisional di Kota Medan
Authors: Chairi Zulfi , Aflah Aflah , Maharany Utary
Published: December 2019

Modern retail activities especially minimarket franchises in Indonesia have experienced rapid development in recent years. The development of retail is certainly not separated from the economic growth of a region and also affects the economic development in the area. The purpose of this study was to analyze the legal arrangements regarding the establishment of a minimarket franchise in Medan, the impact of Medan City Guard No. 47 of 2012 concerning the Second Amendment to Medan City Regulations No. 20 of 2011 concerning Management and Development of Traditional Markets, Shopping Centers and Modern Stores, Policies that can be implemented by the Regional Government to maintain the existence of traditional shops from the mushrooming of minimarket franchises. The research used is an empirical method that uses primary data and secondary data. The results of this study indicate that in its establishment the minimarket franchise did not pay attention to socio-economic balance with the surrounding traditional shops. Juridical consequences for the issuance of Medan City Mayor Regulation (Perwal) No. 47 of 2012 concerning the Arrangement of Modern Stores on Traditional Stores is an increase in the aggressiveness of the expansion of the modern retail business to residential areas in the area. There is an unsynchronization between Pepres No. 112 of 2007 and Perwal No. 47 of 2012 which has an impact on the survival of traditional shop traders in the city of Medan.
The PIONEER PLANT ADAPTATION AT THE POST COAL MINING RECLAMATION AREA IN EAST KALIMANTAN INDONESIA
Authors: Komara Liris Lis , Sasmita Nanang , Yuniti I Gusti Ayu Diah , Purba Jhon Hardy
Published: December 2019

Coal mining activities change the environment physically, chemically and biologically that affect post-mining vegetation.

 Reclamation and revegetation of post-coal mining land to restore the potential Kalimantan land as important production factor for crop cultivation.

 The pioneer plant function was to helps micro and macro ecosystems of post-coal mining environmental to be more stable. Kalimantan Island has many pioneering species, the most dominant is Macaranga gigantea, Trema tomentosa, Alstonia scholaris, Croton argyratus and Homalanthus populneus.

 Indicator of canopy growth to find out land cover creates a micro climate, fertility, input of forest plants and wild animal feed. Homalanthus populneus, Trema tomentosa, Alstonia scholaris show optimal canopy growth.

 Three of the five pioneer species studied, Alstonia scholaris, Homalanthus populneus, Croton argyratus has optimal growth. Homalanthus populneus is a pioneer that can adapts well in open areas, especially post-mining land.
New data on the family Blaberidae (Dictyoptera) from Southeast Asia: new species, morphological diversity and phylogeny on the base of ribosomal DNA sequences
Authors: Mavropulo V.A. , Anisyutkin L.N. , Zagoskin M.V. , Zagoskina A.S. , Lukyantsev S.V. , Mukha D.V.
Published: December 2019

New cockroaches of the family Blaberidae are described from Southern Sumatra: two new species of the genus Cyrtonotula Uvarov, 1939, C. secunda sp. nov. and C. tertia sp. nov. (Epilamprinae); and one new species of the genus Paranauphoeta J.W.H. Rehn, 1951, P. pullata sp. nov. (Paranauphoetinae). Detailed morphological descriptions of the new species are given. Structures of the male genitalia of the genus Cyrtonotula are described for the first time. Hypothesis on the relationships of these new taxa as well as Morphna maculata Brunner von Wattenwyl, 1865, Rhabdoblatta sp. and Pseudophoraspis sp. based on 28S ribosomal DNA sequences is discussed.
Evolution and taxonomic significance of the copulatory apparatus in Ensifera (Orthoptera). Part 2: Male genitalia in Grylloidea
Authors: Gorochov A.V.
Published: December 2019

In the superfamily Grylloidea, the main trends in the evolution of the copulatory apparatus were probably connected with the transformation of simple membranous (hagloid) genitalia, characteristic of ancient groups of Ensifera, into a complicated organ with highly specialized sclerites for fixation of the female during copulation. This evolutionary process was probably accompanied by partial reduction and disappearance of paraproctal hooks or other external abdominal processes which may have been used by these ancient groups for female fixation. Sclerites in the male genitalia of Grylloidea appeared independently not less than four times: in Gryllotalpidae, Myrmecophilidae, Gryllidae and Mogoplistidae. This hypothesis, proposed by Gorochov in 1984, was one of the reasons for division of the recent Grylloidea into four families. Each of the first three families acquired sclerites in the male genitalia once, whereas Mogoplistidae possibly acquired them more than once: male genitalia of the tribe Mogoplistini are of the hagloid type, membranous; in most genera of Arachnocephalini (Mogoplistinae), in Pseudomogoplistes (Mogoplistinae) and in Malgasiinae, male genitalia have three types of sclerites which could have also appeared independently. Moreover, many sclerites of the male genitalia in Grylloidea are formed independently and have significant convergent similarity; this is why the nomenclature of male genital structures based partly on their function and position but not exclusively on their homology is simpler and much more suitable for descriptions and morphological investigations. This nomenclature is considered here.
Caminhos e descaminhos na formação docente para o trabalho com os estudantes com altas habilidades/superdotação
Authors: Rondini Carina Alexandra
Published: December 2019

Refletir-se-á a formação docente para o trabalho com estudantes com altas habilidades/superdotação (AH/SD), dialogando os resultados de dois levantamentos de campo. O primeiro investigou o ideário sobre as AH/SD de graduandos de licenciaturas, pedagogia e psicologia que frequentaram um curso de difusão de conhecimento sobre o tema. O segundo, a concepção que professores, das séries iniciais do ensino fundamental, têm sobre a dinamização da sala de aula e instrumentos, materiais e recursos que as escolas, nas quais trabalham, possuem para tal ação. Para os graduandos, foi aplicado um questionário com questões fechadas e, para os professores, um outro questionário com questões abertas. Se, por um lado, os profissionais ainda em formação não se deparam com o assunto antes de sua prática e apresentam conceitos advindos do senso comum, os docentes já formados e em exercício tão pouco dão conta de executar práticas pedagógicas que beneficiem os estudantes com AH/SD.
Formação docente e relações étnico-raciais
Authors: NUNES ANTONIO DE ASSIS CRUZ , Campos Luanda Martins , Ferreira Lucileide Martins Borges
Published: December 2019

O artigo trata sobre formação docente frente a implementação da Lei nº 10.639/03 no interin de uma educação antirracista. O estudo inicia discorrendo sobre os caminhos para construção de uma identidade docente segundo alguns autores e autoras, como: Imbernón (2011); Veiga (2012); Tardiff (2014) e Gauthier (2006). Em seguida, é discorrido sobre formação docente na perspectiva da Teoria histórico-cultural e da interculturalidade. Assim, foram utilizados os alguns autores e autoras: Candau (2000); Duarte (1993); Fleury (2003) e Munanga (2008). A pesquisa concluiu que  é possível ter uma formação docente que contemple uma educação antirracista à luz de enfoques críticos na perspectiva que atendam à implementação da Lei nº 10.639/03.
A Lei nº 10. 639/2003 e alguns percalços para sua implementação nas escolas
Authors: Dominices Coutinho Fernandes Vanja Maria , Marques Walter Rodrigues , Rocha Luis Félix de Barros Vieira
Published: December 2019

A investigação a que se propôs o estudo foi a de ‘conhecer ações desenvolvidas no Estado do Maranhão que se direcionem de forma contundente ao atendimento à formação de professores para responder às demandas referentes ao ensino voltado as relações étnico-raciais’. E visando construir um percurso para a investigação coube alcançar as seguintes ações: caracterizar os elementos históricos, políticos, sociais e jurídicos que regem a implementação da Lei Nº 10. 639/03; evidenciar percalços que têm entravado a implementação positiva da Lei Nº 10. 639/03 e, identificar ações específicas voltadas para a formação dos professores que devem operacionalizar por meio das práticas pedagógicas os preceitos da legislação em estudo.Essa trilha investigativa conduziu-nos ao desenvolvimento de uma pesquisa bibliográfica e documental. Os autores utilizados foram Santos (2005), Cunha Júnior (2011), Silvério & Trinidad (2012), Assunção (2015) dentre outros.  Os documentos consultados giram entorno da Lei Nº 10. 639/03 e das Diretrizes Curriculares do Maranhão (2014). Os resultados demonstraram que no Estado do Maranhão, a ação de formação de professores mais significativa para a área das relações étnico-raciais vai se configurar em um curso de licenciatura em nível superior denominado de ‘Curso de Licenciatura em Estudos Africanos e Afro Brasileiro oferecido pela Universidade Federal do Maranhão.
Blaming in the Boom and Bust
Authors: Dahlgren Kari
Published: December 2019

In Australian mining towns like Moranbah, relationships between labour, capital and the state have long been defined by struggles over housing amidst cascading cycles of boom and bust linking global commodity markets to local real estate. Most recently, the emergence of ‘fly-in-fly-out’ labour arrangements, partially in response to rampant real estate speculation, have challenged mine workers’ rights to housing and community. Focusing on the schadenfreude that accompanied the public vilification of one failed, small-time real estate speculator as a case study who is contrasted with the figure of the Cashed-up-Bogan, this article shows how accusations of greed are mobilized to political effect. While greed’s tendency to emerge discursively as an accusation might make it seem like an attractive critical discourse, its putative connections to embodiment and the visceral give it an individualizing tendency that allows it to be wielded more easily against persons than institutions, undermining broader structural critiques.
Book Reviews
Authors: Stears Marc , Barthas Jérémie , Woodhouse Adam
Published: December 2019

Reading Machiavelli: Scandalous Books, Suspects Engagements, and the Virtue of Populist Politics, by John McCormick. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 2018. 288 pp.

Machiavelli in Tumult. The Discourses on Livy and the Origins of Political Conflictualism, by Gabriele Pedullà. Translated by Patricia Gaborik and Richard Nybakken. Revised and updated by the author. Cambridge and New York: Cambridge University Press, 2018. xix + 284 pp.

Machiavelli and the Orders of Violence, by Yves Winter. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2018. 230 pp.
Rod fracture after multiple-rod constructs for adult spinal deformity
Authors: Jung Jong-myung , Hyun Seung-Jae , Kim Ki-Jeong , Jahng Tae-Ahn
Published: November 2019

OBJECTIVE

This study investigated the incidence and risk factors of rod fracture (RF) after multiple-rod constructs (MRCs) for adult spinal deformity (ASD) surgery.

METHODS

A single-center, single-surgeon consecutive series of adult patients who underwent posterior thoracolumbar fusion at 4 or more levels using MRCs after osteotomy with at least 1 year of follow-up were retrospectively reviewed. Patient characteristics, radiological parameters, operative data, and clinical outcomes (on the Scoliosis Research Society-22r questionnaire) were analyzed at baseline and follow-up.

RESULTS

Seventy-six patients were enrolled in this study. RF occurred in 9 patients (11.8%), with all cases involving partial rod breakage. Seven patients (9.2%) underwent revision surgery. There were no significant differences in baseline demographic characteristics, radiological parameters, and surgical factors between the RF and non-RF groups. Multivariable analysis revealed that interbody fusion at the L5–S1 and L4–S1 levels could significantly reduce the occurrence of RF after MRCs for ASD (adjusted odds ratios 0.070 and 0.035, respectively). The RF group had significantly worse function score (mean 2.9 ± 0.8 vs 3.5 ± 0.7) and pain score (mean 2.8 ± 1.0 vs 3.5 ± 0.8) compared with the non-RF group at last visit.

CONCLUSIONS

RF occurred in 11.8% of patients with MRCs after ASD surgery. Most RFs occurred at the lumbosacral junction or adjacent level (77%). Interbody fusion at the lumbosacral junction (L5–S1 or L4–S1 level) could significantly prevent the occurrence of RF after MRCs for ASD.
Expand the internet access in an urban park using a Wi-Fi offloading technique
Authors: Hernandez Leonel , Carbonó Jair , Cantillo Andres
Published: November 2019

Nowadays, smart devices have grown exponentially, so they have become a necessity rather than a luxury, therefore staying connected to the Internet has facilitated people to explore national and international news, make payments for services public, virtual shopping, scheduling medical appointments, among others. Now all this demand increases every day at excessive levels and adding the robust applications that are currently being developed and launched on the market.

Regarding this, it is known that currently, the internet service providers of the municipality of Soledad Atlántico do not have the physical infrastructure to maintain the availability of the service. This is where the project design of the Wi-Fi-Offloading solution to extend the coverage and the transmission of data from the cellular network, through the wireless network in the Muvdi park of the Municipality of Soledad Atlántico, is carried out with the aim of providing a solution and alternative so that the internet connection service remains available without import the data network to which you have access. The research methodology used for the development of the project is descriptive. The research design is qualitative, transactional, and non-experimental. At this moment, it is in a descriptive stage, carrying out tests, and then moving on to the applied stage.
The implementation of a given motion of a rigid body relative to its center of mass by moving the material point
Authors: Shmatkov A. M.
Published: December 2019

In the absence of external forces for a mechanical system consisting of an interacting solid body and a material point, a law of movement of a point is constructed that realizes a given body motion in the Koenig coordinate system. Conditions found that this movement has to satisfy. The result can be used both to create capsule robots and to control spacecraft. An example of applying the obtained formula is given.
Effect of Mixed-Tocotrienols in Hypercholesterolemic Subjects
Authors: Yuen Kah Hay , Wong Jia Woei , Lim Ai Beoy , Ng Bee Hong , Choy Wai Peng
Published: December 2019

Background: Studies on the cholesterol lowering activity of tocotrienols have yielded mixed results, with some showing cholesterol lowering effect while some showing no activity.Aim: A randomized, double-blind, parallel group study was conducted to investigate the cholesterol lowering activity of tocotrienols. Methods: Thirty-two hypercholesterolemic subjects were randomly assigned to orally receive either 300 mg of mixed tocotrienols capsules daily or placebo capsules containing 300 mg of soya bean oil for a period of 6 months. The subjects were monitored before supplementation and monthly thereafter for their serum cholesterol as well as tocotrienol and tocopherol concentrations.Results: The serum total cholesterol and low density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol of the subjects in the tocotrienol supplementation group were decreased significantly by -8.9 ± 0.9% and -12.8 ± 2.6% respectively after 4 months of supplementation and the reduction persisted till the end of the 6-month study, with a reduction of -10.8 ± 1.0% and  -17.3 ± 1.8%, respectively from baseline. Moreover, there was a 22-fold increase in the total tocotrienol concentrations from baseline during supplementation compared to the placebo group, while the concentration of α-tocopherol recorded only a modest increase. On the other hand, the serum cholesterol, total tocotrienol and α-tocopherol concentrations of subjects in the placebo group remained essentially unchanged.Conclusions: Supplementation with mixed tocotrienols at dose of 300 mg per day resulted in the lowering of the serum total and LDL cholesterol levels after 5 months of supplementation.Keywords: tocotrienols, cholesterol-lowering, total cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, tocopherols
Nrf2 activation as a future target of therapy for chronic diseases
Authors: Taha Rame , Blaise Gilbert
Published: December 2019

Background: Chronic inflammation integrally related to oxidative stress has been increasingly recognized as a contributing factor in various chronic diseases such as neurodegenerative diseases, pulmonary diseases, metabolic syndrome, and cardiovascular diseases as well as premature aging. Thus, inhibiting this vicious circle has the potential to delay, prevent progression, and treat those diseases. However, adverse effects of current anti-inflammatory drugs and the failure of exogenous antioxidant encourage scientists to develop new therapeutic alternatives. The nuclear factor E2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) is the transcription factor that is responsible for the expression of antioxidant response element (ARE)-regulated genes and have been described as having many therapeutic effects. In this review, we have discussed the role of oxidative stress in various chronic diseases. Furthermore, we have also explored various novel ways to activate Nrf2 either directly or indirectly, which may have therapeutic potential in attenuating oxidative stress, inflammation and mitochondrial dysfunction that contributes to chronic diseases.Keywords: Oxidative stress, Mitochondria, Inflammation, Nrf2, Nutrition, Chronic diseases
Evaluation of Efficacy and Safety of NEXT-II®, a Novel Water-Soluble, Undenatured Type II Collagen in Subjects with Potential Risks in the Knee Joint Health from Healthy Population
Authors: Yoshinari Orie , Moriyama Hiroyoshi , Shiojima Yoshiaki , Miyawaki Hiromi
Published: December 2019

Background: Oral administration of a novel water-soluble undenatured type II collagen (NEXT-II®) has been demonstrated to ameliorate the signs and symptoms of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) in animal models. In the present investigation, we conducted a pilot study to examine the efficacy and safety of NEXT-II® in borderline subjects defined as healthy and non-diseased state, but with potential risks in knee joint health.  Method: We employed Western Ontario McMaster Index (WOMAC) score and Visual Analog Scale (VAS) scores to assess the extent of improvement in the knee joints in these volunteers following supplementation of 40 mg NEXT-II® (10 mg as undenatured type II collagen) over a period of 12 weeks.   Result: The results demonstrated that NEXT-II® treatment significantly reduced WOMAC and VAS scores compared to subjects at baseline. Specifically, in the evaluation using VAS, the borderline subjects at resting, walking, and going up and down the stairs revealed significant improvement when compared to the baseline.  Conclusion: The results of the studies demonstrated that NEXT-II® might be an ingredient which is safe and effective in the application of dietary supplement in ameliorating joint pain and symptoms of the borderline subjects without any adverse events.
Analysis of the ecological and economic impact of a Single European Sky by simulating Freeflight trajectories with Lido/Flight
Authors: Henn Andreas , Weißhaar Urban , Böck Philipp
Published: November 2019

This analysis evaluates the ecological and economic impact of Freeflight trajectories in a Single European Sky. The analysis is based on the comparison of trajectories in the European airway network and trajectories in an envisioned Freeflight airspace in Europe made possible through the implementation of the Single European Sky. Freeflight trajectories are expected to have increased flight efficiency compared to network trajectories and thus help to establish the environmental objectives of the SESAR initiative. In the context of this study, the flight planning software Lido/Flight is used to simulate network trajectories and so-called Freeflight trajectories. Network trajectories are based on the European airway network of 2008 including all relevant flight planning restrictions. Freeflight trajectories are considered to model business trajectories in a Single European Sky, according to current research activities by the SESAR joint undertaking that are not limited to the existing airway network. Using an adaptive method to represent European air traffic, a representative flight sample consisting of 505 flight legs was simulated. This sample was generated from statistics of the most frequented European flight legs in 2007 provided by the Central Flow Management Unit (CFMU). The simulation delivered 12.120 trajectories of which the results were aggregated and compared in order to identify key differences between Freeflight and network trajectories. The results of the analysis show that Freeflight has significant saving potential compared to network trajectories in terms of fuel consumption, operating costs, flying time and flying distance. On the basis of the assumptions made, the fuel consumption of a Freeflight trajectory, compared to the according network trajectory, is in average 3.18% less. This is equivalent to an average reduction of fuel burn by 109.6 kg per flight. Extrapolating these findings to the entire European air traffic of 2007, the annual fuel consumption can be reduced by 835,425,671 kg in case of Freeflight. These numbers show the significant economic and ecological impact of the envisioned flight planning process in a Single European Sky compared to the status quo.
Développement asymptotique de solutions exactes de systèmes hyperboliques quasilinéaires
Authors: Guès Olivier
Published: November 2019

We prove existence and stability of high-frequency oscillating solutions for multidimensional quasilinear hyperbolic systems, justifying the asymptotic developments of Choquet-Bruhat (1969). We are concerned with solutions depending on a (small) parameter ε, which admit a development of the form uε(x)=u0(x)+εu1(x,ϕ(x)/ε)+…+εM−1uM−1(x,ϕ(x)/ε)+O(εM),(ε→0), where u0 is a given solution of the system, profiles uj(x,θ) are (smooth) 2π-periodic with respect to the fast variable θ∈R, and the integer M is of the order of n/2, n being time-space dimension. We also show that, an arbitrary T>0 being given, one can built such oscillating solutions that remain regular on the interval of time [0,T] (for every ε>0 enough small). These results are obtained by mean of more general approximation theorems, adapted to the justification of such asymptotic developments.
On some large systems of random particles which approximate scalar conservation laws
Authors: Perthame B. , Pulvirenti M.
Published: November 2019

We build aN-particle stochastic system subject to a multibody interaction. The postcollisional repartition is performed so that the one-particle density function solves a scalar conservation law in a suitable limit of hydrodynamical type. In the kinetic limit, we recover a relaxation model which approximates the scalar. conservation. law. Our proof relies on a direct estimate of the L1 distance between the one-particle density function and its kinetic limit, using an appropriate joint process.
Homogenization models for two-dimensional grid structures
Authors: Banks H.T. , Cioranescu D. , Rebnord D.A.
Published: November 2019

A Love-Kirchhoff perforated plate or grid with Kelvin-Voigt damping is considered. The grid contains periodic rectangular holes. Detailed mathematical arguments for the derivation of an approximate homogenized model on a domain without perforations are given.
Quantum hydrodynamics, Wigner transforms, the classical limit
Authors: Gasser Ingenuin , Markowich Peter A.
Published: November 2019

We analyse the classical limit of the quantum hydrodynamic equations as the Planck constant tends to zero. The equations have the form of an Euler system with a constant pressure and a dispersive regularisation term, which (formally) tends to zero in the classical limit. The main tool of the analysis is the exploitation of a kinetic equation, which lies behind the quantum hydrodynamic system. The presented analysis can also be interpreted as an alternative approach to the geometrical optics (WKB)-analysis of the Schrödinger equation.
A CLASSIFICATION THEORY OF SEMANTICS OF NORMAL LOGIC PROGRAMS: I. STRONG PROPERTIES
Authors: Dix Jürgen
Published: December 2019

Our aim in this article is to present a method for classifying and characterizing the various different semantics of logic programs with negation that have been considered in the last years. Instead of appealing to more or less questionable intuitions, we take a more structural view: our starting point is the observation that all semantics induce in a natural way non-monotonic entailment relations “ |˜ ”. The novel idea of our approach is to ask for the properties of these |˜ -relations and to use them for describing all possible semantics. The main properties discussed in this paper are adaptations of rules that play a fundamental rôle in general non-monotonic reasoning: Cumulativity and Rationality. They were introduced and investigated by Gabbay, Kraus, Lehmann, Magidor and Makinson. We show that the 3-valued version COMP3 of Clark's completion, the stratified semantics MsuppP as well as the well-founded semantics WFS and two extensions of it behave very regular: they are cumulative, rational and one of them is even supraclassical. While Pereira's recently proposed semantics O-SEM is not rational it is still cumulative. Cumulativity fails for the regular semantics REG-SEM of You/Yuan (recently shown to be equivalent to three other proposals). In a second article we will supplement these strong rules with a set of weak rules and consider the problem of uniquely describing a given semantics by its strong and weak properties together.
A CLASSIFICATION THEORY OF SEMANTICS OF NORMAL LOGIC PROGRAMS: II. WEAK PROPERTIES
Authors: DIX Jürgen
Published: December 2019

Our aim in this article is to supplement the set of strong properties introduced in the preceding article ([Dix94]) with a set of weak principles in order to characterize semantics of logic programs. In [Dix94] we introduced our point of view: we observed that all semantics induce in a natural way a sceptical non-monotonic entailment relation SEMscept. We ask for the properties of these sceptical relations and use them to describe all possible semantics. We collect in this paper serious shortcomings of some semantics proposed recently. Their strange behaviour led us to formulate in a natural way certain principles to avoid these problems. We argue that any well-behaved semantics should satisfy these principles. The main results state that our list of weak principles is complete in the following sense: any well-behaved-semantics is an extension of the well-founded semantics WFS and coincides for stratified programs with Apt, Blair, and Walker's supported model MsuppP. We also claim that two extensions of the well-founded semantics (introduced in the preceding article) are uniquely characterized by their strong and weak properties.
ON THE COMPLEXITY OF GENERATION OF RATIONAL NUMBERS BY BOOLEAN FUNCTIONS
Authors: Kolpakov Roman M.
Published: December 2019

In the paper the complexity of generation of certain sets of rational numbers by Boolean functions is evaluated. On the basis of that evaluation a necessary condition for the generation of some sets of rational numbers in the interval (0, 1) over an arbitrary class of Boolean functions is established.
LEARNING VIA QUERIES WITH TEAMS AND ANOMALIES
Authors: Gasarch William I. , Kinber Efim B. , Pleszkoch Mark G. , Smith Carl H. , Zeugmann Thomas
Published: December 2019

Most work in the field of inductive inference regards the learning machine to be a passive recipient of data. In a prior paper the passive approach was compared to an active form of learning where the machine is allowed to ask questions. In this paper we continue the study of machines that ask questions by comparing such machines to teams of passive machines. This yields, via work of Pitt and Smith, a comparison of active learning with probabilistic learning. Also considered are query inference machines that learn an approximation of what is desired. The approximation differs from the desired result in finitely many anomalous places.
CONTEXT HYPOTHESIZATION USING PROBABILISTIC KNOWLEDGE
Authors: Bhatnagar Raj
Published: December 2019

In this paper we present a formal view of an ‘imagination’ type of hypothesis generation process performed with the probabilistic knowledge of a domain. We outline a formalism for focused construction of interesting hypothetical situation-descriptions. Our formalism for the ‘imagining agent’ seeks to construct consistent, minimal, and desirable situation-descriptions by selecting suitable domain attributes and probabilistic dependency relationships from the available domain knowledge. An interestingness criterion made available to the imagining agent helps it in focusing its efforts towards ‘imagining’ only the interesting situation-descriptions.
CONTEXT SHIFTS AND CLASHES IN DIALOGUES: AN ACTIVE LOGIC PERSPECTIVE
Authors: Miller Michael
Published: December 2019

Context plays a crucial role in natural-language dialogues. But context can change over the course of a dialogue, and thus communicating agents are tasked with identifying and keeping track of context shifts in order to understand conversations. But context is not wholly objective; each participant in a dialogue has her own view of context. At times the parties involved in a dialogue will unknowingly presume different (aspects of) contexts from one another, perhaps because one person has not kept up with the other's most recent context shift. The resulting context clash may lead to confusion or miscommunication. Agents must be prepared to sort out these confusions when they become evident. Active logics can be successfully utilized by an agent facing confusions such as those that arise when a context clash leads her to misidentify an object. In this paper the active logic approach to resolving such effects of a context clash is sketched. The agent's misidentification is initially reflected in her beliefs, and belief revision is later used to resolve this effect of the clash. As theoretical tools active logics have proven useful for solving a varied array of commonsense reasoning problems, but with implementation comes space and time complexity concerns. These are also discussed along with a proposed partial remedy based in part on context or focus-of-attention.
FORMAL REAL-TIME IMAGINATION
Authors: Nirkhe Madhura , Kraus Sarit
Published: December 2019

Formal real-time imagination is a term that may curiously describe the activities of a commonsense agent in a real-time setting in general, and in a tight deadline situation in particular. We briefly describe an ‘active-logic’ mechanism that fits this description. Temporal projection is an essential component of realtime planning. We draw a parallel between imagination as we understand it in human context and the capacity of the automated agent to formulate mental images of possible scenarios and plans of action in the course of its reasoning. We outline a treatment of temporal issues of significance to a time-situated reasoning mechanism in a dynamic setting with deadlines. The Yale shooting problem is a benchmark problem in temporal reasoning. We demonstrate how the active-logic planning mechanism successfully handles some interesting real-time variants of the Yale shooting problem. The solutions to each of these illustrate the agent’s ability to form contexts within which to reason, to project in each context thus formed by applying default inferences, and to revise and extend its conclusions within each context by applying time-sensitive inference rules, and most importantly, to account for all the time spent in the process.
ON THE FAMILY OF CONDITIONAL IMPLICATIONAL DEPENDENCIES
Authors: Felea Victor
Published: December 2019

Certain second-order sentences, called conditional implicational dependencies, about relations in a relational database, are denned and studied. These dependencies include some of previously defined dependencies as special cases. Thus, the family of implicational dependencies introduced and studied by R. Fagip can be included in the family of conditional implicational dependencies. The conditional-functional dependencies defined by P. De Bra and J. Paredaens are special cases of new dependencies. A characterization of a conditional implicational dependency implied by a given class in this family, is given. The existence of Armstrong models for the class of conditional implicational dependencies with a single relational constant symbol is shown.
AXIOMATIZATIONS OF INTERVAL LOGICS
Authors: Kutty G. , Moser L.E. , Melliar-Smith P.M. , Ramakrishna Y.S. , Dillon L.K.
Published: December 2019

Interval logic has been introduced as a temporal logic that provides higher-level constructs and an intuitive graphical representation, making it easier in interval logic than in other temporal logics to specify and reason about concurrency in software and hardware designs. In this paper we present axiomatizations for two propositional interval logics and relate these logics to Until Temporal Logic. All of these logics are discrete linear-time temporal logics with no next operator. The next operator obstructs the use of hierarchical abstraction and refinement, and makes reasoning about concurrency difficult.
ABOUT A POLYHEDRON OF CUBIC GRAPHS
Authors: Bondarenko V.A. , Yurov S.V.
Published: December 2019

A polyhedron Mn which is the convex hull of a set of characteristic vectors for all cubic subgraphs of the complete graph Gn is studied. It is shown that the problem of vertices nonadjacency recognition for this polyhedron is NP-complete and the density of its polyhedral graph is exponential on n. Such a set of properties combines the polyhedron Mn with the known polyhedron of Hamiltonian cycles.
SYNTACTIC ELEMENTS OF DECLARATIVE PROGRAMMING: SYMBOLIC LINEAR EQUATIONS
Authors: Bujosa Andrés , Criado Regino
Published: December 2019

In this paper we introduce the concept of linear equation of symbols in the context of p-tangles, we obtain several “linear results” and we apply this results to address a possible algebraic description of the unification algorithm.
CARTESIAN STREAM TRANSFORMER COMPOSITION
Authors: Stephens R. , Thompson B.C.
Published: December 2019

Many examples of computational systems compute over infinite sequences of data called streams. We call such systems stream transformers and the study of their theoretical and practical aspects stream processing. In this paper we present a tool for composing stream transformers within an extremely weak second-order, algebraic account of stream processing that comprises a straightforward method for the implementation, specification and verification of stream processing systems.
COMPARITIVE ANALYSIS OF DETERMINISTIC AND NONDETERMINISTIC DECISION TREE COMPLEXITY. GLOBAL APPROACH
Authors: Moshkov Mikhail
Published: December 2019

We study the relationships between the complexity of a task description and the minimal complexity of deterministic and nondeterministic decision trees solving this task. We investigate decision trees assuming a global approach i.e. arbitrary checks from a given check system can be used for constructing decision trees.
ON A POWER SERIES GENERALIZATION OF ETOL LANGUAGES
Authors: Honkala Juha , Kuich Werner
Published: December 2019

We study ETOL power series introduced by Kuich. We show that the ETOL power series coincide with the linear extended Lindenmayerian series introduced by Honkala.
ON COMPUTATIONAL POWER OF WEIGHTED FINITE AUTOMATA
Authors: Derencourt D. , Karhumäki J. , Latteux M. , Terlutte A.
Published: December 2019

Weighted Finite Automata are automata with multiplicities used to compute real functions by reading infinite words. The aim of this paper is to study what kind of functions can be computed by level automata, a particular subclass of WFA. Several results concerning the continuity and the smoothness of these functions are shown. In particular, the only smooth functions that can be obtained are the polynomials. This enables to decide whether a function computed by a level automaton is smooth or not.
(UN-)DECIDABILITY OF GEOMETRIC PROPERTIES OF PICTURES GENERATED BY COLLAGE GRAMMARS
Authors: Drewes F. , Kreowski H.-J.
Published: December 2019

Collage grammars are based on hyperedge replacement in a geometric environment and provide context-free syntactic devices for the generation of picture languages. An intriguing question is which geometric properties of the generated pictures can be decided by inspecting the generating collage grammars. The results presented in this paper address the question in two respects. (1) The decidability results known for hyperedge replacement grammars generating graph languages, based on the notion of compatibility, can be carried over to collage grammars. Unfortunately, compatible properties seem rare in the geometric setting. In this paper three concrete ones are presented. (2) In some other cases being only a minor extensions of situations for which compatibility is obtained, we can prove undecidability results.
COMPLEXITY AND STRUCTURE IN FORMAL LANGUAGE THEORY
Authors: Lange Klaus-Jörn
Published: December 2019

The following survey reviews some connections between formal languages and complexity theory. Families of formal languages are treated with complexity theoretical methods. In particular, the concept of unambiguity, common to both areas, is treated in detail. Some complexity theoretical aspects of operations on formal languages are indicated. This picture is completed by taking parallel models into account.
TEXT LANGUAGES IN AN ALGEBRAIC FRAMEWORK
Authors: Hoogeboom Hendrik Jan , Pas Paulienten
Published: December 2019

A text can be defined as a word w together with a (second) linear order on its domain {1,..., |w|}. This second order may be used to define a hierarchical, tree-like, structure representing the text. The family of context-free sets of texts is investigated, i.e., sets of texts defined by context-free text grammars. In particular, those sets of texts are studied in the framework of universal algebra. This allows to compare the classical notions of equational and recognizable families in an algebra with context-free sets in the “algebra of texts”. Within this algebra the notion of equational sets coincides with the context-free sets. A grammatical characterization of the family of recognizable sets is given as a subfamily of the context-free sets of texts.
CONTEXTUAL GRAMMARS: PARALLELISM AND BLOCKING OF DERIVATION
Authors: P$\check{A}$un Gheorghe , Rozenberg Grzegorz , Salomaa Arto
Published: December 2019

Continuing the work begun in [14], we consider contextual grammars (as introduced in [6] with linguistic motivation) with parallel derivations, in which the whole current string participates to a derivation step in the sense that it is splitted into substrings to which contexts are adjoined in a parallel manner. The generative power of such grammars is investigated, when the parallelism is total or partial, and when the selection of contexts is limited to strings in sets of a given type (finite, regular etc.) Then we consider the languages consisting of strings which cannot be further derived (we call them blocking languages). Some open problems are also formulated.
ON i-v FUZZY SUBGROUPS
Authors: Biswas Ranjit
Published: December 2019

We define level subsets of an i–v fuzzy subset of a set, level subgroups of a group and prove some propositions about level subgroups.
SOME UNDECIDABILITY RESULTS CONCERNING k-LIMITED 0L SYSTEMS
Authors: Spilker Heike , Wätjen Dietmar
Published: December 2019

In this paper we shall prove that is is undecidable whether the intersection of two k-limited 0L languages is empty, finite, regular, context-free or a k-limited language, whether the language generated by a context-free grammar is a k-limited 0L language or whether a klT0L language can be generated by a context-free grammar. Furthermore, it is undecidable whether the union of two k-limited 0L languages is such a language again.
A UNIVERSAL MODEL FOR NON-PROCEDURAL DATABASE LANGUAGES
Authors: Rishe Naphtali
Published: December 2019

We propose a language which can express every computable query. The language is syntactically based on the first-order predicate calculus, but semantically is interpreted as post-conditions, unlike the customary calculus query languages. The language has a capability to restrict itself to reasonable queries, accepting criteria of reasonability as a parameter.
MAXIMAL CHAINS AND ANTICHAINS IN STRONGLY NOETHERIAN SEMIORDERS
Authors: Boldi Paolo
Published: December 2019

In the field of abstract measurement theory, semiorders have assumed an especially important role as a natural setting for expressing the comparative relations among the magnitudes of measurands. If we assume in addition that our measuring scale is bounded below, which happens in many important cases, we get an interesting class of semiorders, the strongly noetherian ones. In this work, we study some combinatorial and order-theoretic properties of strongly noetherian semiorders, with a particular regard to the structure of maximal chains and antichains (called lines and cuts in the present paper). We see that the cuts determine a sort of dynamics in the semiorder, which may be described as a linear order on the cuts themselves; from this linear order one can extract the main properties of the original semiorder, whose elements are represented as closed intervals of cuts. Moreover, “continuity” properties such as K-density and coherence have a natural description in term of simple cut properties; as a corollary, we obtain that K-density is equivalent to N-freeness in strongly noetherian semiorders.
UNDECIDABILITY OF LANGUAGE EQUIVALENCE FOR GENERALIZED REGULAR EXPRESSIONS
Authors: Hirshfeld Yoram
Published: December 2019

The shuffle operator models communication free concurrency and has little expressive power (it does not produce new languages when added to regular expressions). Decidability problems for languages involving this operation were previously tackled but remained unsolved (except for a weak conjecture). We prove that language equivalence is undecidable even for a very restricted class of expressions involving the shuffle operator. This also re-proves that language equivalence is undecidable for Basic Parallel Processes.
RECURSIVE MODELS OF GENERAL INDUCTIVE TYPES
Authors: Fu Yuxi
Published: December 2019

We give an interpretation of Martin-Löf's type theory (with universes) extended with generalized inductive types. The model is an extension of the recursive model given by Beeson. By restricting our attention to PER model, we show that the strictness of positivity condition in the definition of generalized inductive types can be dropped. It therefore gives an interpretation of general inductive types in Martin-Löf's type theory.