bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
PLANNING FOR COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT: EFFECT OF KNOWLEDGE MANAGEMENT, SOCIAL CAPITAL AND COMMUNITY LEADERSHIP
Authors: Md Rami Ahmad Aizuddin , Ibrahim Asmawi , Ismail Ismi Arif , Nazuri Nur Shuhamin , Ahmed Olaitan Ahmed
Published: November 2023

The main focus of the study is to evaluate the perspective of strengthening social capital resources of rural communities for rural development in Terengganu. Utilizing a convenient sampling procedure, participants for this study were taken from one hundred and seventy leaders in rural Terengganu. This study employed a self-administered online survey to gather primary data. The data were analysed using the Partial Least Square Structural Equation Modelling (PLS-SEM). The research findings unveiled that social capital and community leadership are germane and indispensable traits in rural development. Ubiquitously, this is true regardless of the stages of development any country is going through at the time. It is therefore the responsibility of the community and its leaders to create their social capital and make efficient use of it to advance rural development in Terengganu and refine the state's local policy.
STRATEGIC LEADERSHIP TOWARDS SUSTAINABLE PLANNING FOR COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT IN MALAYSIA
Authors: Md Rami Ahmad Aizuddin , Ibrahim Asmawi , Ismail Ismi Arif , Wan Nor Jazmina  , Ahmed Olaitan Ahmed
Published: November 2023

Strategic leadership is recognized as a vital tool in the transformation of rural organisation. Thus, this qualitative research study aimed at assessing the role of strategic leadership in the transformation of rural organisation. The study used a semi-structured interview schedule to collect data. Purposive sampling was used to select a cohort of sixty members of Villages Development and Security Committee (JPKK) of Malaysia. Those selected as participants include chairmen, secretaries and ordinary members. The study used an inductive approach for data analysis. The data analysis led to the development of five main themes of ‘strategic direction’, ‘ethical practices’, ‘exploitation and maintenance’, ‘development of human capital’ and ‘sustaining a corporate culture’.
CAPACITY BUILDING PLANNING FOR FISHERMEN COMMUNITY’S EMPOWERMENT
Authors: T. S Tuan Muhammad Zukri , M.A Adi Syahid , Abu Hassan Shaari Azahah , Awang Noh Normah , Sulaiman Sabri
Published: November 2023

Efforts to promote fishing community empowerment frequently face obstacles owing to inefficient measures carried out by multiple parties that do not result in substantial improvements in the fishing communities. The persistence of this problem, however, can be linked to a lack of capacity building activities, particularly in the context of sustainability, which is critical for long-term development among fishermen. This research intends to investigate the reality of fishermen's capacity building in Terengganu, Malaysia, using the aspects of economic sustainability, institutional environment, and fishermen's technology. The study included 220 coastal fishermen who were sampled in stages. Questionnaires were used to collect data, which was then analysed using descriptive statistics and Partial Least Square-Structural Equation Modelling (SEM-PLS). According to the study's findings, the development of sustainability capabilities (technological, economic, institutional, and technological) influences the empowerment of fishing communities. As a result, community empowerment programmes should focus on capacity building in order to foster a well-empowered community.
POVERTY ERADICATION PROJECT IN SABAH, MALAYSIA: NEW INITIATIVE, NEW CHALLENGES?
Authors: Md Shah Jalihah , Hussin Rosazman , Idris Asmady
Published: November 2023

Since independence, the Malaysian government has invested billions of ringgits in the fight against poverty. Despite the national decrease in the percentage of the population living in poverty, the state of Sabah has had the highest poverty rate in Malaysia since 1997. Why has the poverty alleviation programme been less effective in reducing this social phenomenon among the poor communities in Sabah? To address this question, this paper discusses the issues and challenges confronting stakeholders involved in the poverty eradication programme in Sabah. The paper focuses on the implementation of the People's Income Initiative (PII) Phase 1 project in two communities: Penimbawan Village, Tuaran, and Bongkol Village, Pitas. This qualitative study reveals those participants, implementing agencies, and other stakeholders face issues and challenges when implementing poverty eradication projects. Furthermore, the issues faced by the poverty eradication project participants were found to include their own attitudes towards the project, such as a lack of focus on or interest in the project; the existence of a subsidy mentality; and the lack of clarity regarding the project's goals. However, the implementing agency was discovered to encounter issues with market support. The difficulties currently faced by these three parties could affect how long the PII Project can successfully eradicate poverty in both localities.
Zmiany przychylności podatkowej gmin w okresie dekoniunktury gospodarczej
Authors: Płonka Aleksandra , Satoła Łukasz , Wojewodzic Tomasz
Published: November 2023

Głównym narzędziem kreowania polityki podatkowej stosowanym przez gminy w Polsce jest uchwalanie w prawnie określonych granicach wysokości stawek podatków lokalnych. Celem opracowania jest prezentacja i ocena zmian w wysokości stawek podatku od nieruchomości uchwalanych przez samorządy szczebla gminnego w latach 2007 i 2010. Ocenie została poddana przychylność podatkowa gmin wobec podatników. Przeprowadzone obliczenia wyraźnie wskazują na zmniejszenie się w badanej populacji udziału jednostek terytorialnych stosujących relatywnie niskie stawki podatku od nieruchomości. W niewielkim stopniu wzrósł natomiast udział gmin stosujących relatywnie wysokie stawki podatku, co poskutkowało zakwalifikowaniem ich do grupy gmin o niskiej przychylności podatkowej.
Problems Faced by English Teacher Candidates in Developing Test Kits for Assessing Studentsâ€™ Learning
Authors: Purnawan Ari , Nurharjanto Asfar Arif , Ilmi Annisa Nurul
Published: November 2023

Background: Learning assessment has been left behind compared to other components of teaching such as instructional methods or media development. This paper aims to describe problems faced by English teacher candidates studying at the English Education Department of a university in Java, Indonesia in developing test kits for assessing studentsâ€™ learningMethodology: This study is qualitative in nature. The investigation involved 28 teacher candidates taking two sequential courses on testing namely English Learning Assessment and English Language Learning Test Development who were then asked to write a set of English learning achievement tests as their end-of-class mini project. A total of 1052 multiple choice questions were analyzed by three investigators to reveal the teacher candidatesâ€™ problems in developing test kits. Problems are reported and described quantitatively. Findings: The study reveals that the students face difficulties in formulating test kit formats, stems, options, and texts.Conclusion: Recommendations include education for writing test questions and improving or revising the learning syllabus and materials of the above-mentioned courses on language learning assessment Originality: The number of questions or participants can be improved as well as the scope of analysis to make the study more reliable.
COLOR AND SIZE SORTING SYSTEM WITH AN ESP32-BASED ROBOT ARM
Authors: Adiguna Muhamad Gilang Satria , Saleh Muhammad , Marindani Elang Derdian
Published: November 2023

Robotics has seen an explosive increase in usage in the past few decades owing to its abundance of benefits and automation capabilities. The use of robotics is especially prominent in industries where the demand for precise and automatic robots in order to increase production efficiency is high. One of the robots commonly used in these industries is the arm robot model, which is a machine designed specifically to mimic some of the human arm’s capabilities in order to execute certain tasks over and over again, either autonomously or not. This paper will discuss the design of a robotic arm with five degrees of freedom capable of picking up and placing objects with three different colors and sorting the objects based on their size, starting from the largest to the smallest. The inclusion of an additional degree of freedom allows the robot to adjust the rotation of its grip to properly grab rotated objects. With an ESP32-CAM acting as its eyes, the robot is aided by a Python program run remotely on a separate Laptop in order to analyze video stream uploaded by the camera to determine the coordinates, color, size, and rotation of objects placed within the Detection Zone. The implementation of inverse kinematics equations run on an ESP32 microcontroller allows the robot to reach arbitrary coordinates specified by the Python program. Testing revealed that the resulting robot is able to perform the tasks it was designed to, namely recognizing and sorting colored boxes of different colors and sizes, with an accuracy 100% in recognition tasks and an accuracy of 91.5% in sorting tasks.
STUDY OF SOLAR POWER PLANT (SPP) WITH 1.51 MWP CAPACITY AT TANJUNGPURA UNIVERSITY
Authors: Ridwan Muhammad Daflie , Hiendro Ayong , Fitriah Fitriah
Published: November 2023

This research aims to optimize solar power generation at Tanjungpura University's Bralian Merdeka Yanuar Building by harnessing solar energy as a renewable resource. Indonesia, being near the equator with abundant solar radiation, holds significant potential for solar energy utilization. The main goal is to design and implement a 1.51 MWp capacity Solar Power Plant at the building to reduce reliance on fossil fuels and minimize carbon emissions on campus. The study utilizes a descriptive-analytical method, conducting literature reviews, site surveys, and electricity generation calculations using PVSyst software. Solar radiation data, electricity consumption, and building energy requirements guide the analysis. The SPP, comprising 2800 solar panels and 12 inverters, can effectively meet the Bralian Merdeka Yanuar Building's electricity needs. This research highlights solar energy's potential as a renewable resource to reduce carbon emissions and enhance energy independence. Successful SPP implementation serves as an alternative to fulfill the building's electricity demands, The azimuth and tilt angles significantly influence the electricity production of the Photovoltaic Solar Power Plant built to meet the electricity needs of the building. The study deepens understanding of solar energy potential and its benefits in electricity generation for Indonesia.
Conceptualizing a model for cloud-based hospital management systems for the South African public health sector
Authors: Magudulela T. S. , Kalema B. M. , Segooa M. A.
Published: November 2023

Background and Aim of Study: Real-time access of information in the healthcare environment is essential, as it not only helps medical personnel to have adequate and timely information, but it also assists patients to be served more easily. Hospitals in rural areas are operating at a low bandwidth and have poor IT infrastructure that causes intermittent networks leading to disruptions and slow service delivery. This necessitates the Hospital Management System (HMS) to be deployed in the cloud environment to reduce the challenges leading to poor service delivery. The aim of the study: to develop a model for cloud-based HMS for the South African public health sector. Material and Methods: This study identified three public district municipality hospitals in Gauteng Province, South Africa, that were already using HMS and used them for data collection. Each hospital had up to 50 healthcare workers, and this formed the population of 150 from the three hospitals, from which a sample size of 108 respondents was selected. Data were collected using a closed-ended questionnaire and analyzed quantitatively using SPSS v25. Results: The results demonstrated that the suggested model has a good prediction power of 60.9% (R2=0.609) and that with the exception of environmental aspects, the rest of the constructs has a significant contribution to the successful implementation of the cloud-based HMS. Social aspects had the highest prediction power of 60.0% (β=0.600) at p=0.001; followed by risk analysis and control with 41.3% (β=0.413) at p=0.009. On the other hand, environmental aspects had the least and non-significant prediction of 12.3%. Conclusions: This study contributes to the ongoing call to have seamless healthcare provision systems. The model developed in this study extends the research of modernizing healthcare provision by leveraging technological innovations.
Implementation of Virtual Worlds to Promote Distance Practice Teachers' Participation in the English Learning Process
Authors: Quinonez-Beltran Ana , Benitez-Correa Carmen , Morocho-Cuenca Elsa
Published: November 2023

Distance education has adopted innovative technology-assisted approaches to improve teacher engagement, with virtual worlds emerging as a potentially promising tool for enhancing the participation of distance practice teachers in the learning process. In this context, the purpose of this study is to investigate the incidence of using virtual worlds as a resource to increase distance practice teachers’ participation in the learning process. An action research design that incorporated a combination of both quantitative and qualitative research was used to carry out the study. The techniques applied to collect the information were a survey, an interview, and an observation checklist. The sample consisted of 116 participants (44 male and 72 female) whose ages ranged from 25 to 35 years. They were enrolled in the English major of a distance program at a private university in a southern city in Ecuador. They participated actively in 16 synchronic activities during the intervention period (one per week). The results showed that the use of virtual worlds allowed pre-service teachers to increase the frequency of their participation during synchronic classes. Besides, practice English teachers had positive perceptions regarding the use of virtual worlds as a resource for learning because the sense of presence provided by the platform motivated them to participate in the activities. From the findings of the study, it is recommended that further research consider the use of virtual worlds for fostering participation in on-site learning environments to further triangulate the results of the study and for comparative analysis.
Empowerment Design of Putri Gemilang Village-Owned Enterprises Community Based on Asset-Based Community Development
Authors: Safuan Mhd , Shalihin Nurus , Yudhiani Walan
Published: November 2023

Asset-based community empowerment has become a necessity as communities often possess and utilize their potential effectively. This study aims to illustrate the asset-based community empowerment process conducted within the Badan Usaha Milik Desa Puteri Gemilang community. The study focuses on the stage of building community awareness. By utilizing the Assed-Based Community Development (ABCD) mentoring model, this study identifies strategies for raising awareness within the Badan Usaha Milik Desa Puteri Gemilang community. With this ABCD approach, the community achieves something new, such as the formation of teamwork cohesion, the establishment of strong commitment, the cultivation of critical thinking, and the development of future program designs.
Trastornos músculo esqueléticos en estudiantes de último año de la Carrera de Odontología de la Universidad Católica de Cuenca
Authors: Martínez Hernández Juan Carlos , Reinoso-Quezada Santiago
Published: November 2023

Los TME están contenidos dentro del listado de enfermedades profesionales de la OIT y se definen como el estado patológico que se manifiesta de manera súbita o por evolución lenta a consecuencia del proceso de trabajo, estos causan 1.7 millones de muertes anualmente. Objetivo. Analizar las posturas de los estudiantes de odontología durante su práctica clínica. Materiales y Métodos. 51 estudiantes pertenecientes a décimo ciclo fueron escogidos aleatoriamente para analizar las posturas adoptadas durante la práctica clínica mediante fotografía usando la metodología REBA. Los datos fueron analizados en software SPSS. Resultados. 98% de los estudiantes giran y flexionan la muñeca para el uso de la turbina odontológica. Después del análisis REBA se observó que un 64,6% de los estudiantes presentan un nivel de riesgo medio, 29,3% presentan un nivel de riesgo alto y un 5,9% presentan un nivel de riesgo bajo. Conclusión. Existen posturas que son propias de la profesión odontológica y que podrían llevar al desarrollo de TME en los profesionales de la odontología, esto sumado al desconocimiento de principios en ergonomía hace necesaria la educación y entrenamiento a los estudiantes durante su preparación universitaria, lo que favorecería a mantener su salud durante el ejercicio de su profesión.
Precisión de las impresiones digitales intraorales: una revisión de literatura
Authors: Carrillo Vaca David Gerardo , Astudillo Ortiz Jaime Leonardo
Published: November 2023

Las impresiones digitales intraorales pueden variar en precisión y veracidad, dependiendo del escáner utilizado. Estos parámetros no han sido estudiados a profundidad. Objetivo: Analizar y comparar las características de exactitud (precisión y veracidad) de las impresiones digitales intraorales. Materiales y métodos: Se realizó la búsqueda bibliográfica en Pubmed y Cochcrane para identificar estudios relevantes sobre exactitud en impresiones digitales intraorales mediante superposición de imágenes, y modelos patrón para prótesis fija unitaria o arcos cortos, las características de los estudios fueron delimitadas por el sistema PICOS, recomendado por la guía PRISMA. Resultados: 3 estudios seleccionados cumplieron con todos los criterios de elegibilidad previamente establecidos. Los escáneres analizados y sus resultados de precisión y veracidad en los 3 estudios fueron: Bluecam: 12.7±2.6 um / 17.5±1.8 um, Omnicam: 12.5±3.7 um / 13.8±1.4 um. Carestream 3500: 0.014 mm / 13±1, Zfx Intrascan: 0.033 mm / 30±10-45, Bluecam: 0.029 mm / 22.5±25-30, Omnicam: 0.031 mm / 30±32.5-27.5, True definition: 0.011 mm / 10±2.5-7.5. E4D dentist: 97.6±109.2 um / 114.2±80.7 um, Fastscan: 26.0±24.4 um / 45.2±29.8 um, iTero: 25.8±22.5 um / 52.1±38.8 um, Trios: 13.0±12.1 / 49.7±36.6 um, Zfx Intrascan: 132.3±124.4 um / 89.4±64.2 um. Conclusiones: Los estudios seleccionados encontraron diferentes valores de precisión y veracidad según el tipo de escáner, los de mejor rendimiento fueron: En precisión: Bluecam, Trios, Carestream 3500. Mientras que en veracidad fueron: True Definition, Omnicam, Fastscan.
Instalación de un implante postextracción en el área anterior estética utilizando el protocolo one abutment-one time
Authors: Herrera Robayo Marcelo , Sánchez Puetate Julio César
Published: November 2023

Se presenta la resolución de un caso clínico mediante la instalación de un implante postextracción con la técnica de one abutment-one time debido a una fractura radicular a nivel cervical del diente #21. ​​ Se instaló un implante de conexión cónica de 3,5 x 13 mm mediante approach palatino, concomitantemente se realizó un xenoinjerto óseo en el gap entre el implante y la pared ósea vestibular así como un injerto de tejido conectivo subepitelial con la técnica de sobre para mejorar el fenotipo gingival y la confección de un diente provisional inmediato. Siguiendo el principio de carga tardía, luego de 6 meses, el implante se rehabilitó con una corona definitiva de metal porcelana. Con las limitaciones del caso, se comprobó que esta técnica es segura a mediano plazo, ofrece la ventaja de resolver este tipo de casos en una sola cita quirúrgica manteniendo la arquitectura gingival para acercarse más a la naturalidad dentaria.
Prevalencia de la enfermedad periodontal en pacientes diabéticos de 50-75 años en la clínica de crónicos metabólicos del Hospital del día Central
Authors: Iza Moreno Alejandra Nataly , Muñoz Mora Jorge Eduardo
Published: November 2023

La enfermedad periodontal se caracteriza por ser un conjunto de padecimientos que se localizan por lo general en las encías y en la estructura de soporte del diente. Objetivo: Determinar la prevalencia de la enfermedad periodontal en pacientes diabéticos de 50-75 años en la clínica de crónicos metabólicos del Hospital del Día Central Quito-IESS durante el periodo octubre 2019. Material y métodos: 135 pacientes diabéticos fueron selccionados al azar para este estudio de tipo observacional. Como instrumentos de investigación se aplicó los índices de higiene bucal simplificado de Green-Vermillon y de enfermedad periodontal de Russell. Resultados: La mayor prevalencia de enfermedad periodontal se encuentra en personas con diabetes entre 70 y 75 años con 40,7%. Conclusión: Existe una mayor prevalencia de enfermedad periodontal en pacientes con diabetes de 50-75 años del Hospital del Día Central Quito-IESS.
Quiste radicular: reporte de un caso y revisión de la literatura
Authors: Pesántez Alvarado Juan Martín , Lafebre Carrasco Milton Fabricio
Published: November 2023

El quiste radicular es una lesión inflamatoria que se origina a partir de los Restos Epiteliales de Malassez en el ligamento periodontal. Se discuten varias teorías sobre la formación de un absceso y el crecimiento de hebras epiteliales. Objetivo. Se presenta un informe de un caso clínico de quiste radicular y se realiza una revision de la literature existente sobre esta condición. Materiales y Métodos. Una mujer de 63 años que experimentó dolro agudo en el primer molar superior derecho. Se realizaron exámenes clínicos y radiográficos que revelaron una zona radiolúcida circunscrita en relación con él ápice de las raíces del diente afectado. Se llevó a cabo la extracción del órgano dentario y se obtuvo tejido inflamatorio para su análisis histopatológico. Resultados. El diagnostico confirmado fue un quiste radicular inflamatorio. En la discusión se exploran las teorías y características del quiste radicular, así como  los hallazgos radiográficos e histopatológicos el caso. También se mencionan las diferentes opciones de tratamiento, desde la terapia endodóncica hasta la exodoncia con regeneración ósea, dependiendo del tamaño y la extension del quiste. Conclusión. Se demostró una evolución favorable después de la extracción y el uso de un injerto óseo a base de hidroxiapatita para facilitar la regeneración del tejido óseo.
Progress of Plant Protection in Madras State
Authors:   Crop & Plant Protection Officer Coimbatore, K.R NAGARAJAN
Published: November 2023

The heavy toll levied by insect pests on cultivated crops has been an annual feature, ever since man took to Agriculture. The situation, of late has taken a turn for the worse due to the changing conditions. The drive to increase agricultural production and the ready response of the cultivators have lead to some unforeseen repurcussions by way of creating new problems in insect control. The intensive cultivation coupled with the rapid expansion of the area under the plough has resulted in the various crops being grown throughout the year and this has provided a favourable atmosphere for the breeding and perpetuation of the numerous insect hordes. As a result, pests which were already reckoned as serious have increased in their virulance while some species which were considered only of minor importance, have now, assumed quite serious proportions - viz. the rice jassid (Nephotettix bipunctatus) flared up into prominence by 1948 and has now come to stay as a very serious pest of paddy. Added to this the white jassid (Tettigoniella spectra), the fulgorid (Nysia atravenosa and Nila- parvata lugens) along with the black Pentatomid (Scotinophora lurida) etc., claim very serious attention in certain localities. The steady and alarming increase in the depredations by the field rat (Bandicota bengalensis) would only render the picture more lurid.
Preliminary studies on the influence of depth of placement of potato seed on yield
Authors:   Agricultural Research Station Nanjanad, K SAPTHARISHI , M.D AZARIAH ,   Agricultural Research Station Nanjanad
Published: November 2023

For cultivated crops, the depth at which the seed material is placed in the soil has an important bearing on growth and ultimate yield. While placement of the seed at a depth desirable to ensure optimum germination varies from crop to crop, it is also influenced by various factors such as the size of seed and its viability, the physical nature of the soil, the slope of the terrain and the extent of rains received after sowing. Very small-sized seeds would require only a thin layer of soil as cover and, if sown deeper, may result in low germination and loss of stand. At the same time, the soil cover, while admitting easy emergence of the plumule on germination, should be good enough to protect the germinating seed from direct rays of the hot sun or the beating effect of sharp showers. Correct depth of sowing is that one which ensures the optimum soil-cover for seed against climatic factors, and facilitates easy germination and firm anchorage for the developing young plants.
Antibiotics in Agriculture (Part I)
Authors:   Head of the Department of Agriculture,Annamalai University Annamalainagar 608 002 TamilNadu., G Dr.  RANGASWAMY
Published: November 2023

The earliest knowledge of the antogonistic proper- ties of microbes can be traced to ancient times. Folklores, stories abound among several peoples, to the effect that cheese, mouldy bread and other spoiled food products can be used for controlling human and animal infections. But specific references to antagonistic effect of one microorganism on other could be found in the literature only during the later half of last century. Vuillemin appears to have been the first to use the word 'antibiosis' in the year 1889 to describe the phenomenon of the survival of the fittest among microbes. Marshall Ward in 1899 adopted the word to describe microbial antagonism. Since then people have been using the words 'antibiotic substance' toxic substance', 'lethal principle', 'inhibitory principle', 'staling product', 'bacteriostatic substance', 'antimicrobial sub- stance', etc, to denote the chemical action, now known to be due to antibiotics. The word 'antibiotic' was used as an adjective in the early years to designate processes which are against life. Starting from 1941 Waksman and his collaborators used the word 'antibiotic' to denote the chemical substance. In the year 1945 Waksman cleared the confusion that existed in the definition of the word "antibiotic' by enunciating a clear cut definition. According to him an antibiotic is a chemical substance which is produced by a microorganism and which has the capacity, in dilute solutions, to inhibit the growth of and even to destroy other microorganisms'. Since then this definition has been well accepted by scientists throughout the world and the word antibiotic has firmly established even in the lay minds. In recent time this word has been used to include chemical substances produced by plant and animal tissues, but such expansions of the definition are to be discounted as they will lead again to confusion. The chemicals from plants which possess antagonistic effect on microbes can be called 'plant antibiotics' or 'antibiotic-like sustances as suggested by Waksman.
The role of the Agricultural Department in Community Development and National Extension Services with special reference to the development of local manurial resources
Authors:   Ministry of Food & Agriculture, New Delhi, R.P TALATI , T RADHAKRISHNAN ,   Ministry of Food & Agriculture, New Delhi
Published: November 2023

The Agriculture Department has an important role to play in bringing about an all round improvement in Agriculture. Our Agriculture is in villages and there is growing awareness amidst farmers for adopting all important recommendations in bringing about agricultural improvements. Earnest consideration has, therefore, to be given as to how these recommendations have to be applied on field scale so that the ryots derive full benefits in the shortest possible time. It is considered that the proper medium for application of the expert agricultural knowledge would be through Community development and National Extension Blocks.
Spray Irrigation in the U. S. S. R.
Authors:   Tamil Nadu Agricultural University Coimbatore  641 003, Z METELSKY
Published: November 2023

Spraying as a method of irrigation of crops has been most developed in the U. S. S. R. in the so-called regions of unstable water-supply, where irrigation is supplementary to natural precipitations and is usually taken recourse to in the hot and droughty seasons. Spraying is used there for the irrigation of horticultural, potato and fodder crops and certain other cultivations.
The Bean Aphid Control with Systemic Pesticides
Authors:   Agricultural College and Research Institute,Coimbatore 641003, K.R NAGARAJA RAO
Published: November 2023

According to Martin (1947 and 1949), Systemic insecticides are those formulations which are absorbed by the plants and translocated to other parts in such quantities that they have insecticidal action. Based on the decomposition of such chemicals within the plants, three broad categories of systemic poisons have been recognised. The first group includes chemicals like selenium which remain more or less in a stable form and do not undergo any disintegration. The second comprises of compounds like Schradan, Pestox, Hanane, etc,, which even after absorption persist in their original form and act as insecticides until they are decomposed. The last category includes insecticides like Systox and Metasystox, which after absorption get transformed into other toxic substances that also act as insecticides. As a result of this phenomenon, the toxicity of the original formulation is enhanced considerably. Nagaraja Rao and Krishnaswamy (1952), have recorded the usefulness of Schradan, Sytam, Pestox, Tetrax and Isopestox in the control of aphids and mites. Sundaram (1952) after testing a number of organic pesticides, has concluded that BFPO reduces appreciably the incidence of Lecanium viride Gr, on coffee. Ripper (1952) in his paper read at the Third International Congress of Crop Protection held at Serbonne has dealt at considerable length on the work done with systemic insecticides in different countries.
Control of the Leaf Spot Disease of Turmeric Caused by Colletotrichum capsici (Syd.) Butl. and Bisby
Authors:   Mycology Section,Agricultural College and Reserch Institute,Coimbatore 641 003, T.K KANDASWAMY
Published: November 2023

The leaf sopt disease of turmeric is widespread in India. The disease is incited by Colletotrichim capsici (Syd) Butl. and Bisby (syn. Colletotrichum curcumae (Syd.) Butl. and Bisby) which causes extensive spotting of the leaves. The leaves may eventually dry up and thus adversely affect the formation of rhizomes. The consequent loss has been estimated to be about 50% by Ramakrishnan (1954). He has also observed that high atmospheric humidity favours the development of the leaf spots (Ramakrishnan, 1954) and that the disease is controlled by two sprayings with 1% Bordeaux mixture, the yield being increased by more than 90%. However no statistically laid out trials with fungicides seem to have been conducted. The availablity of several fungicides received for test was therefore taken advantage of in laying out a randomised and replicated experiment on the control of this disease.
Horticulture in India
Authors:   Vice-President, indian Council of Agriculture Research, M.S RANDHAWA
Published: November 2023

Horticulture, a term under which I include cultivation of fruits and vegetables as well as ornamental flowering and foliage trees and shrubs as well as flower gardening, is as old in India as the people themselves. Our ancestors, the Aryans of the Vedic times, were great lovers of nature. The very name they gave to flowers- Sumanasa that which pleases the mind reveals their aesthetic sensibility. In the Buddhist sculptures at Sanchi and Bharhut we find a variety of ornamental trees sculptured in stone. Some of these sculptures are as old as two thousand years. The favourite trees of the Buddhist monks were the peepul (Ficus religiosa), the Bodhi tree under which the Buddha obtained enlightenment, the Asoka (Saraca indica) the beautiful tree which bears clusters of orange red flowers under which Gautama is said to have been born to Maya, and the Nag-Kesar tree (Mesua ferrea).. Of the fruit trees, mango was their favourite and we find a number of mango trees on the gateways of Sanchi with cheerful groups of monkeys gamboling in their branches. In Kushan Mathura we find beautiful sculptures of Yakshis, the Woodnymps, in which we find ornamental trees associated with women. Asoka, Kadamba and Champak were their favourite trees. In the Hindu caves at Ellora there is a beautiful representation of Indra and his queen sitting under the shade of a mango tree laden with luscious fruits. After the ancient Buddhists and Hindus it were the Moghuls who laid out a number of gardens of extraordinary beauty in Kashmir, Lahore, Delhi and Agra. The garden architecture of the Moghuls is of surpassing beauty; running water marble or stone chutes with shell and wave designs, octagon or star parterres and terraces and Baradiris were their main features. The British gave us turf and the herbaceous border of annual flowering plants. Our parents were only familiar with such flowers as marigolds and vincas and it was the English official and his garden-loving wife who introduced phloxes, verbenas and antirrhinums and so inany other annuals which beautify our gardens.
Slope conception as rate of change starter kit: Malaysian pre-service secondary mathematics teachers’ subject matter knowledge in rate of change
Authors: Talib Nurul Atiqah , Abdul Rahim Suzieleez Syrene , Zulnaidi Hutkemri
Published: November 2023

Past research on calculus has shown that students often struggle to understand derivatives due to an overemphasis on algebraic manipulation and procedures rather than grasping the underlying concept. A key factor contributing to this challenge is the lack of a solid understanding of slope as a rate of change. Conceptualizing slope as a rate of change is essential, as it serves as the basis for comprehending derivative concepts. To address this gap, our research explored subject matter knowledge of rate of change, specifically focusing on the slope concept, among Malaysian pre-service mathematics teachers. Our research followed a qualitative methodology, conducting task-based interviews with two pre-service mathematics teachers, Zheng and Amitha, who are majoring in mathematics. The interviews included seven tasks related to slope and ratio concepts. The findings revealed inconsistencies in their notion of rate of change, as they have a loose connection between rate of change and slope concepts, along with its multiplicative property. While they recognized that equivalent values of rate of change indicate a constant rate, they did not grasp that slope also represents a rate of change. Their knowledge appeared limited to viewing derivatives as a method to calculate rate of change, without conceiving the changes occurring between quantities and their multiplicative relationship.
University teachers’ didactic-mathematical knowledge for teaching the effect of coefficient b on the quadratic function
Authors: Ledezma Carlos , Vargas Juan Pablo , Hidalgo-Moncada Diana , Font Vicenç
Published: November 2023

Literature shows a tendency to relegate the role of coefficient b to second place in the teaching of the quadratic function. We report an experience with Chilean university teachers, who designed a teaching and learning sequence with this function for construction engineering students. Our focus was on the didactic-mathematical knowledge about the effects of varying coefficient b on the graphical representation of this function that the participating teachers made evident. We constituted a focus group with 10 teachers and then qualitatively analyzed their dialogues using the mathematics teacher’s didactic-mathematical knowledge and competencies model. We highlight the following results: (a) the importance of mathematical knowledge and that of the epistemic facet to interpret the effect of coefficient b on the graphical representation of the quadratic function and (b) the proposal of an interpretation for the graphical behavior of coefficient b that contributes to the teaching of the quadratic function.
La educación en México desde sus regiones, tomo 2
Authors:   Universidad Pedagógica Nacional del Estado de Chihuahua, México, Liddiard Cárdenas Stefany , Hernández Orozco Guillermo ,   Universidad Autónoma de Chihuahua, México, Cervera Delgado Cirila ,   Universidad de Guanajuato, México
Published: November 2023

La educación en México desde sus regiones se adscribe al propósito de documentar la historia de la educación de acuerdo con las circunstancias que presenta cada región, en donde las fronteras pueden denotar también vinculaciones y son una muestra panorámica del devenir de los procesos educativos gestados en distintos espacios geográfico-temporales de nuestro país. Si bien no completamos una obra que cubra todas las entidades federativas, los capítulos dan cuenta de manera significativa sobre esta conformación al interior de la República Mexicana. En este segundo tomo se presentan once capítulos que se organizan en diferentes temáticas referentes al desarrollo educativo en sus diferentes épocas; educación y arte; y educación, instituciones y gremios. Cada uno de los capítulos se centra en el análisis de la historia de la educación en el ámbito regional en donde se gesta. En ellos se profundiza en las condiciones del espacio geográfico, lo que les otorga un cariz específico y diferenciador entre las demás posibles, para que, a la larga, las y los lectores puedan configurar un México diverso y, por lo mismo, extensamente rico, que invita a conocerle desde la historia de la educación. Este libro forma parte de la colección Historia de la educación en México, integrada por 5 volúmenes temáticos -distribuidos en 7 tomos- que dan cuenta de procesos, sucesos, instituciones y personajes que han forjado al sistema educativo en diferentes momentos y regiones del país. Su concepción no obedece a la intención de escribir “la historia de la educación en México”, sino que aspira a convertirse en una mirada –de otras tantas que puede haber- acerca de los temas que abordan. Cada volumen reúne a un importante número de autores con diferentes perfiles académicos y procedencia institucional, que dan como resultado un producto académico bien elaborado y con pluralidad de visiones, destinado a fortalecer los procesos de diálogo y enriquecimiento de nuestro campo investigativo.
La educación socialista en México: revisiones desde los estados y regiones
Authors:   Universidad Autónoma de Chihuahua, México, Trujillo Holguín Jesús Adolfo , Pérez Piñón Francisco Alberto ,   Universidad Autónoma de Chihuahua, México, Camacho Sandoval Salvador ,   Universidad Autónoma de Aguascalientes, México
Published: November 2023

En el conjunto de reformas educativas que se han impulsado en México a lo largo de la historia –y que han quedado plasmadas en el texto del artículo 3º constitucional- la que se decretó en 1934, durante el sexenio del general Lázaro Cárdenas del Ríos, ha sido quizás la más polémica y a la que se han dedicado un mayor número de investigaciones durante y después de que fuera adoptada como política de gobierno. En este volumen, titulado La educación socialista en México: revisiones desde los estados y regiones, se ofrecen nuevas perspectivas de análisis sobre el origen, desarrollo y resultados de este proyecto socio-educativo, a partir de los hallazgos de las investigaciones que han surgido en los últimos años y que aportan visiones particulares sobre lo que ocurrió en diferente contextos y regiones del país. Cada capítulo se posiciona desde un ángulo en particular ante la problemática histórica de la construcción del socialismo en México y nos muestra el mosaico plural desde donde se construye la historiografía de la educación. Este volumen está lejos de presentar verdades irrefutables, pero si visiones con diversidad de temáticas e intereses. Nos muestra que hacer historiografía es una tarea inacabada y viva. Este libro forma parte de la colección Historia de la educación en México, integrada por 5 volúmenes temáticos -distribuidos en 7 tomos- que dan cuenta de procesos, sucesos, instituciones y personajes que han forjado al sistema educativo en diferentes momentos y regiones del país. Su concepción no obedece a la intención de escribir “la historia de la educación en México”, sino que aspira a convertirse en una mirada –de otras tantas que puede haber- acerca de los temas que abordan. Cada volumen reúne a un importante número de autores con diferentes perfiles académicos y procedencia institucional, que dan como resultado un producto académico bien elaborado y con pluralidad de visiones, destinado a fortalecer los procesos de diálogo y enriquecimiento de nuestro campo investigativo.
A Study on the Improvement of Evacuation Behavior of Local Cultural Performance Center according to the theory of complex system: Centering on medium-sized venues
Authors:   Korean Institute of Smart Media, Lee Seung Yong
Published: November 2023

Currently, Korea shares culture, economy, and society together as a member of the international community along with rapid economic growth. In particular, in the 2000s, the construction of local cultural performance halls has been promoted through efforts and methods for the development of local culture. As a result, many local governments built medium-sized or larger performance halls, and achieved both quantitative and qualitative effects by satisfying citizens and attracting visitors. However, this study aims to analyze the safety of the space used by many visitors at the same time and whether an effective evacuation plan is applied to frequent disasters and disaster situations in recent years.
Design of a hospital assignment scheme for ambulances based on minimum cost maximum flow algorithm
Authors:   Korean Institute of Smart Media, Lee Junghoon
Published: November 2023

This paper presents a design and analyzes the performance of a hospital assignment and reassignment scheme for emergency rescue services based on minimum cost maximum flow algorithm. It consists of flow graph building, link capacity updating, and allocation discovering steps. The efficiency of the algorithm makes it possible to reallocate hospitals even in case of dynamic changes in the number of patients or hospitals. The performance measurement result obtained from a prototype implementation shows that the proposed scheme can reduce the transport time requirement miss by up to 24%.
Strengthening the Content of Local History in Social Studies
Authors: Mutiani Mutiani , Handy Muhammad Rezky Noor , Wiyanarti Erlina , Warmansyah Abbas Ersis , Syaharuddin Syaharuddin , Jumriani Jumriani
Published: November 2023

This study aims to analyze the importance of incorporating local content in teaching materials and provide relevant examples. A comprehensive analysis of the existing literature was conducted to describe the research findings. The study results depict the content related to the lives of Indonesian people during the Islamic period, addressing essential competencies. The findings also highlight the necessity for additional material descriptions and examples derived from local and regional history. Social studies learning can be further developed by reinforcing social studies teaching materials with local content. Therefore, local historical sources from Banjar are incorporated into social studies learning materials used in the classroom. These include the establishment of the Banjar Sultanate, the kings of Banjar, and the development of Banjar culture. The selection of the Banjar Sultanate as local content is based on its alignment with the periodization in Indonesian history.
Sustainability Assessment for Small and Medium Enterprise (SMEs) by Using Fuzzy Logic Approach: A Direction and Further Research
Authors:   Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia, Mahmood Salwa , Hassan Mohd Fahrul ,   Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia, Hemdi Abdul Rahman ,   Universiti Teknologi Mara, Kafuku John Mbogo ,   University of Dar es Salaam, Mat Saman Muhamad Zameri ,   Universiti Teknologi Malaysia
Published: November 2023

Sustainability assessment have been studied by several researchers focusing to determine set of criteria on case studies selected. However, only few studies have been done on assessing the sustainability of SMEs in Malaysia. Although there are several studies on sustainability assessment for manufacturing company in Malaysia, they do not provide a comprehensive study that including all Triple Bottom Line (TBL) perspectives. To fill this gap, this study will propose a comprehensive framework for assessing sustainability among SMEs that including all TBL perspectives, which is covering environmental, economy and social aspects in sustainability assessment. Primary and secondary data will be used in this study. For primary data, Delphi study will be conducted to obtain the reliable data. Next, fuzzy inference system (FIS) will be applied in this study as methodology for integrating collected data. As for secondary data, literature review from previous current research work will be summarize for comparison purpose. This study is expected to guide SMEs towards sustainability as well as increase awareness hence to promote a serious path towards a more sustainable business model. In regards, Malaysia Government can monitor the sustainability level among SMEs which is have linked with the Malaysia regulations.
Review on Feasibility of Gravity Power Generation Mechanism in Malaysia’s Sustainable Energy Program
Authors:   Swinburne University of Technology Sarawak, Afrouzi Hadi Nabipour , PVS Hari Prashanth ,   Swinburne University of Technology Sarawak, Sundram Hegaindran ,   Swinburne University of Technology Sarawak, Kieh Tiong Siing ,   Swinburne University of Technology Sarawak, Mehranzamir Kamyar ,   University of Nottingham Malaysia,, Wooi Chin-Leong ,   University Malaysia Perlis
Published: November 2023

Malaysia being an oil-producing country has a vast amount of other natural resources that has not been used efficiently. In regard to focusing more in producing oil and gas, natural resources such as sunlight, water, wind, geothermal and gravity have not received a huge recognition by the government. Although hydroelectric power has been up and coming in the energy policies to promote power production in a sustainable way, other means of gravity power generation mechanism were not reviewed for this country, due to the lack of knowledge in this particular field. Gravity power generation mechanism can be of small scale which can actually fit in properly in areas that are off-the-grid. Hence, literature must be reviewed to discover the different type of gravity power generation mechanisms and run viability studies to implement the right system that offers sustainable energy production in rural parts of Malaysia. This review paper will analyze the feasibility of two systems in Malaysia, by assessing the viability of these system through the Malaysian economic, social, environmental, and sustainable standards.