bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
ВЛИЯНИЕ ИНСТРУМЕНТОВ ДЕНЕЖНО-КРЕДИТНОЙ ПОЛИТИКИ НА РЕГИОНАЛЬНЫЕ ЭКОНОМИЧЕСКИЕ ПРОЦЕССЫ
Authors: Вербиненко Елена Александровна , Бадылевич Роман Викторович
Published: June 2019

Предмет. Денежно-кредитная политика – одна из составляющих процесса государственного управления экономикой. Денежно-кредитная политика при наличии единых нормативов и инструментов денежно-кредитного регулирования имеет как национальный, так и региональный аспекты. Несмотря на большое количество исследований, посвященных проблемам денежно-кредитного регулирования, региональный аспект денежно-кредитной политики изучен недостаточно. Цель работы. На основе анализа взаимосвязи применения монетарных рычагов и реакций экономических процессов на финансовые шоки выделить факторы, влияющие на реакцию региональных финансовых систем, на использование инструментов денежно-кредитной политики. Методология. В процессе написания статьи были применены методы теоретического исследования: анализ и синтез экономической информации, описательный метод, метод графического представления информации. Результаты работы. Представлены результаты исследования влияния денежно-кредитной политики на экономическое развитие региона и монетарные инструменты, применение которых возможно на региональном уровне. Дается определение региональной денежно-кредитной политики. Определено значение территориальных управлений Банка России в достижении финансовой стабилизации и укреплении экономического положения регионов. Рассмотрены инструменты региональной денежно-кредитной политики, отличительной особенностью которых является наличие потенциальной возможности (при условии законодательного закрепления) варьировать степень и направление их воздействия на экономику региона в зависимости от его специфики. Область применения результатов. Исследование реакции регионов на проводимую денежно-кредитную политику делает возможным выявление приоритетных направлений денежно-кредитного регулирования с целью создания необходимых предпосылок для экономического роста регионов. Выводы. Проведенное исследование позволило выделить факторы, влияющие на реакцию региональных финансовых систем при использовании инструментов денежно-кредитной политики. К таковым следует отнести: финансовый потенциал территории, структуру хозяйства региона, степень развития и структуру региональной банковской сферы, инвестиционную привлекательность и активность в регионе.
РОЛЬ РЕГИОНАЛЬНЫХ НАЛОГОВ В ФОРМИРОВАНИИ РЕГИОНАЛЬНОГО БЮДЖЕТА
Authors: Кандабарова Юлия Владимировна , Латышева Анастасия Игоревна , Телегин Евгений Игоревич , Соловьева Наталья Евгеньева
Published: June 2019

Цель работы. Исследование налоговой системы и выявление роли региональных налогов в формировании регионального бюджета в современных условиях. Метод или методология проведения работы. Исследование основывается на общенаучной методологии, которая предусматривает применение системного подхода к решению данной проблемы. Основой данной работы являются фундаментальные труды отечественных учёных по проблеме выявления роли региональных налогов в формировании региональных бюджетов. Результаты. На сегодняшний день существуют проблемы и недоработки по региональным налогам, в связи с этим возникают ситуации по недопоступлению налоговых доходов в бюджет субъектов РФ, вследствие чего нарушается целостность планов по выполнению расходных статей бюджетов, а, следовательно, появляются ограничения по осуществлению многих социальных программ по экономическому развитию, на дальнейшую перспективу региона. Приоритетным направлением в данной сфере является изучение региональных налогов, так как данные налоги признаются основанием для формирования доходной статьи регионального бюджета, поэтому способствуют субъектам Российской Федерации для более полной самостоятельности формировать свои бюджеты, разрабатывать мониторинги финансового становления и перспективу субъекта РФ, а также разработать эффективную систему налогового администрирования. Область применения результатов. Результаты проведенного исследования могут использоваться исполнительными органами власти при формировании доходов бюджетов субъектов РФ. Выводы. Для формирования доходов бюджетов субъектов РФ необходимо выявить факторы и барьеры, влияющие на поступления региональных налогов в бюджет, и принять соответствующие меры по их устранению, делается вывод о роли региональных налогов в формировании доходов бюджетов субъектов РФ.
Социально - экономические и демографические механизмы повышения благосостояния населения в трансформационный период: на примере Республики Таджикистан
Authors: Атоходжаева Манижахон Акбаровна
Published: June 2019

Актуальность. Повышение благосостояния населения в период рыночных отношений рассматривается посредством влияния экономического и социально-демографического механизмов. Наряду с социальной политикой, существенную роль может играть и оптимально разработанная демографическая политика, направленная на регулирование вопросов поддержания здоровья трудоспособного населения, улучшения системы подготовки кадров, содействия сокращению смертности и управления естественной и вынужденной миграцией среди населения. Достижение целей в контексте повышения благосостояния населения требует регулирования соответствующих механизмов. В качестве составляющих рассматриваемых механизмов выступает социальная сфера: здравоохранение, образование, наука и культура. Исследование социально-экономических и демографических механизмов повышения благосостояния населения, а также модернизация и совершенствование методов государственного регулирования в этой области становятся актуальной задачей. Цель исследования: выявление экономико-демографических механизмов и совершенствование методов государственного регулирования в аспекте повышения уровня жизни населения. Методы: современные теоретические разработки, практические эксперименты и инновационный подход к вопросам воспроизводства трудовых ресурсов. Результаты: предложенные рекомендации предназначены для государственных органов в целях модернизации социально-экономической политики в перспективе.
Von Sachverhalt, Tatsache und propositionalen Pro-Elementen: Ein Blick über das Deutsche und Rumänische
Authors: Cosma Ruxandra
Published: June 2019

Vorliegender Aufsatz schlägt ein Gerüst für das Inventar propositionaler Pro-Formen der deutschen und rumänischen Sprache vor. Als Bausteine werden auf Form-Ebene sachverhaltsbezeichnende ProFormen das und asta genommen. Die semantische Interpretation der Pro-Formen ist komponential, kontext-abhängig und weist das und asta nebst anderen Bedeutungskomponenten deskriptive Bedeutung zu. Nach diesem Muster können auch das/asta-einbettende Ausdrücke interpretiert werden. Ferner werden Ähnlichkeiten zwischen den diskutierten Pro-Elementen und propositionalen Nomina herausgestellt, was die Möglichkeit bietet, letztere semantisch i. als nominale Korrelate und ii. versehen mit verweisender Funktion zu betrachten.
IMPROVEMENT OF SAMPLE PREPARATION IN ICP-AES ANALYSIS OF FERROALLOYS
Authors: Chernikova I. I. , Tumneva K. Y. , Bakaldina T. Y. , Ermolaeva T. N.
Published: June 2019

A set of ICP-AES techniques has been developed for determination of rated elements: Ti, Si, R Al, Cu, Mo, V, Sn, and Zr in ferrotitanium; Ni, Fe, Cu, Co, and As in ferronickel; Si, Cr, and P in ferrochrome silicon; Zr, Si, Al, R and Cu in zirconium ferrosilicon; Mn, Si, and P in manganese ferrosilicon. Combination of the multi-element ICP-AES method which allows precise determination of the elements in ferroalloys in a wide range of concentrations and microwave sample preparation in closed autoclaves which excludes the loss of the components to be determined provides the rapidity of the analysis procedure. The composition of solutions for opening samples of ferroalloys and temperature-time modes of microwave sample preparation in an autoclave are substantiated. Conditions for ICP-AES determination of the rated elements in ferroalloys are studied. Analytical lines of the elements to be determined free from significant spectral overlaps are chosen. The dilution rates of the solutions are determined. The method of internal standard was used to improve the reproducibility of the analytical signal for Ti determination in ferrotitanium, Si and Cr in ferrochrome silicon, as well as all rated elements in manganese ferrosilicon and ferronickel. The spectrometer was calibrated using model solutions and solutions of standard samples added with the certified solutions of the elements to be determined. To determine Ti, Si, FJ Al, Cu, У and Zr in ferrotitanium; Ni, Fe, Cu, and Co in ferronickel; Si, Cr, and P in ferrochrome silicon; Zr, Si, Al, P, and Cu in zirconium ferrosilicon; Si and P in manganese ferrosilicon a multidimensional graduation by two analytical lines was used. The correctness of the determination was evaluated in analysis of standard samples of ferroalloys and comparative analysis of the obtained results with the data of standard methods: comparison of the variances according to the Fisher criterion did not reveal any significant difference between them, whereas the use of the modified Student test showed the absence of the systematic error.
ARCH-COMP19 Category Report: Bounded Model Checking of Hybrid Systems with Piecewise Constant Dynamics
Authors: Bu Lei , Ray Rajarshi , Schupp Stefan
Published: June 2019

This report presents results of a friendly competition for formal verification of continuous and hybrid systems with linear continuous dynamics. The friendly competition took place as part of the workshop Applied Verification for Continuous and Hybrid Systems (ARCH) in 2019. In its third edition, three tools have been applied to solve three different benchmark problems in the category ofbounded model checking of hybrid systems with piecewise constant dynamics (in alphabetical order): BACH, HyDRA, and XSpeed. Compare to last year, HyDRA is equipped with new optimization techniques and the performance is improved accordingly. This report is a snapshot of the current landscape of tools and the types of benchmarks they are particularly suited for. Due to the diversity of problems, we are not ranking tools and we also welcome more tools to join in this friendly competition in the future event.
Mejora de la independencia de las actividades básicas de la vida diaria al implementar fisioterapia manual, neurológica y reeducación de la marcha en paciente geriátrico con diagnostico de enfermedad articular degenerativa y enfermedad de Parkinson
Authors: Bustamante-Mar Erasmo , Porta-Lezama Miroslava , Bustamante-Mar Elizabeth
Published: June 2019

Se presenta caso de paciente femenina de 80 años de edad con los antecedentes heredofamiliares y personales no patológicos sin importancia; antecedentes personales patológicos: cursó con neuralgia del trigémino hace 30 años, fractura de tobillo derecho hace 20 años, artroplastia de cadera derecha hace dos años, enfermedad de Parkinson de reciente aparición; medicada con memantina, angiotaxil, levodopa y carbidopa referida al servicio de rehabilitación por enfermedad articular degenerativa, poliartralgias que le limita las actividades bimanuales, la bipedestación, la marcha para las actividades de la vida diaria (ABVD) siendo dependiente para el baño y vestido; recibió rehabilitación por 4 meses con mejoría relevante para realizar actividades de la vida diaria de forma independiente, incluidas en estas baño y vestido que eran limitantes.
Trastornos del comportamiento alimentario en personas con obesidad: una revisión sistemática de la literatura Título principal
Authors: Bosques-Brugada Lilián Elizabeth , Guzmán-Saldaña Rebeca , Reyes-Jarquín Karina , Romero-Palencia Angélica , Lerma-Talamantes Abel , Celais-Soto Tania , Solano-Solano Gloria , Calderón-Ramos Zuli Guadalupe
Published: June 2019

Con el propósito de conocer la presencia de sintomatología de trastornos del comportamiento alimentario en personas con obesidad en los se realizó una revisión sistemática de la literatura. Se consideraron estudios publicados en la base de datos Medline que contuvieran combinación de las siguientes palabras clave: “eating disorders”, “obesity” y “prevalence”, contenidas en el título y el resumen. Se consideraron las publicaciones que: (1) fueran estudios de corte epidemiológico, (2) hubiese sido posible acceder al escrito completo, y (3) hayan sido escritas en los idiomas inglés o español. Como resultado de la búsqueda, la base de datos arrojó un total de 194 publicaciones de los cuales, tras aplicar los criterios de inclusión se consideraron seis estudios. Como resultados se advierte la presencia de sintomatología o diagnóstico de bulimia nerviosa en personas con obesidad que van del 0.6% al 6.7%, de trastorno por atracón del 4.3% al 31.8%, y no se reportaron casos de anorexia nerviosa.
Factores que desencadenan las enfermedades hipertensivas en el embarazo en mujeres menores de 20 años atendidas en un hospital de segundo nivel de Hidalgo
Authors: Arias-Rico J , Jiménez-Sánchez RC , Calva-León E , Ramírez-Moreno E , Barrera-Gálvez R , Ramírez-Jiménez EV , Alcántara-de-Rosas L , Cruz-Hernández DI , García-Fragoso O , Guzmán-de la Rosa P , Luna-Jiménez ER
Published: June 2019

El objetivo de este trabajo fue identificar los factores que desencadenan las enfermedades hipertensivas en el embarazo a temprana edad. Metodología. Este estudio es de tipo correlacional ya que se relacionaran los factores predisponentes para la presencia de enfermedades hipertensivas en embarazadas menores de 20 años que busca relacionar cada factor con la clasificación de enfermedades hipertensivas. Resultados. De universo de 50 mujeres embarazadas, se obtuvo un total de 72% mujeres cuya ocupación es ama de casa, 24% estudiante, 4% empleada. El 0% sin estudios, 68% nivel básico, 32% nivel medio superior. El 44% conoce que es hipertensión arterial, y el 56% restante desconoce. Discusión. Según Viviana Sáez en su estudio la pre-eclampsia, la hipertensión arterial tuvo una incidencia de gran importancia puesto que el 68% de adolescentes embarazadas refirieron tener más de 3 signos y síntomas de HTA durante el desarrollo de su embarazo. Conclusión. Los factores que desencadenan las enfermedades hipertensivas en el embarazo son en primera instancia los antecedentes patológicos  heredofamiliares, y los trastornos nutricionales previos al embarazo, tal como sobrepeso.
Dynamic Performance Analysis of Steel Frame Structure under Seismic Action
Authors: Yuan Xiaojun , Qu Yanmu , Liu Jinlong , Wei Kailin , Zong Haifeng
Published: June 2019

In order to find out the dynamic characteristics of a steel frame structure project in the 8 degree (0.3g) area, the artificial wave, Taft wave and El Centro wave were input by using the finite element analysis software ANSYS. The dynamic time-history analysis of the structure shows the dynamic performance of the structure under the frequent earthquakes and rare earthquakes.
EVOLUTION OF E. BRITAYEV’S VIEWS ON THE OSSETIANS’ PATRIARCHAL ETHICS
Authors: Fidarova Rima Yaponovna , Kaitova Irina Anatol’evna
Published: June 2019

The article studies the features of the evolution of E. Britayev’s ideological patriarchal and ethical views in his early works at the beginning of the ХХ century, a particularly difficult and significant period in the history of the ХХ-century Ossetian literature. The authors have found out that the specificity of the artistic reflection of the evolution of E. Britayev’s views on the norms of the traditional Ossetian patriarchal ethics is revealed vividly in such writer’s works as the plays “Уараседзау” (“Having Visited Russia”), “Death Is Better than Shame”, “Two Sisters”, the story “Revenge of the Young Highlander” devoted to the urgent problems of strength, beauty, humaneness of the Ossetian peasantry’s patriarchal ethics.
LAZINESS IN THE RUSSIAN PAROEMIOLOGICAL WORLDVIEW (AGAINST THE BACKGROUND OF THE CHINESE LANGUAGE)
Authors: Qiu Xueying
Published: June 2019

The article provides a linguo-culturological analysis of the Russian paroemias with the component “laziness” against the background of their Chinese equivalents. The author suggests an axiological evaluation of laziness phenomenon in the Russian paroemias, introduces a classification of paroemiological units from the viewpoint of the cultural values expressed in them. Lacunar paroemiological units are identified. The paper introduces an algorithm for a linguo-culturological analysis of paroemias, which helps to obtain a more detailed description of these units in the educational linguo-culturological dictionary of the Russian paroemias intended for the Chinese students.
ЕКСПЕРИМЕНТАЛЬНЕ ДОСЛІДЖЕННЯ ІНТЕНСИВНОСТІ ОБРОБЛЕННЯ МАТЕРІАЛУ В АВТОМАТИЧНІЙ ПРАЛЬНІЙ МАШИНІ
Authors: Воляник О. Ю.
Published: June 2019

Conducting an experimental study of the influence of the structural parameters of the drum crests on the intensity of centrifugal material processing in automatic household washing machines. Methodology. The methods used to evaluate the efficiency of washing light industry materials and the mathematical methods of experiment planning.
Use of different methods of local SPD (surface plastic deformation) to reduce stress concentrator impact upon profile surfaces of transport machinery parts
Authors: Макаров Владимир , Makarov Vladimir , Горбунов Александр , Gorbunov Alexander
Published: June 2019

It is defined that in the course of machining complex profile parts operating under heavy alternating loads, in critical transition areas of profile conjugated surfaces there are formed local technological stress concentrators promoting the formation and growth of fatigue cracks and further destruction of operating parts. There are developed and introduced methods to reduce the values of such stress concentrators on the basis of the application of different methods of local surface plastic deformation.
Uji Aktivitas Anti-Hiperglikemik, dan Penghambatan Stres Oksidatif Ekstrak Etanol Daun Jeruk Nipis (Citrus aurantifolia) pada Tikus Diabetes yang Diinduksi Aloksan
Authors: Serang Yithro , Bani Felisia
Published: June 2019

Pada keadaan patologik seperti diabetes, peningkatan stress oksidatif dalam tubuh akan menyebabkan penurunan aktivitas antioksidan endogen dalam tubuh sehingga tubuh tidak mampu mendetoksifikasi radikal bebas dan mencegah kerusakan sel. Salah satu sumber antioksidan alami sebagai antidiabetes adalah daun jeruk nipis (Citrus aurantifolia). Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui aktivitas anti hiperglikemia ekstrak etanol daun jeruk nipis dan aktivitas enzim antioksidan SOD dan GPX.

Penelitian ini adalah penelitian eksperimental laboratorium dengan menggunakan rancangan post test only group design. Subyek penelitian ini adalah 30 ekor tikus putih jantan galur Wistar yang dikondisikan DM tipe 2 dengan induksi aloksan. Tikus dikelompokkan menjadi 6 kelompok : kelompok I netral, kelompok II tanpa perlakuan, kelompok III kontrol positif glibenklamid 80 mg/Kg BB, Kelompok IV, V dan VI adalah kelompok perlakuan dengan dosis berturut- turut 62,5 mg/Kg BB, 125 mg/Kg BB dan 250 mg/Kg BB. Kemudian dilakukan uji aktivitas SOD dan GPX.
Pengaruh Variasi Konsentrasi NaOH dan Lama Hidrolisis terhadap Produk Asam Oksalat pada Limbah Batang Pepaya (Carica papaya)
Authors: Narimo Narimo , Sulistyawati Dewi , Hidayati Nur
Published: June 2019

Asam oksalat merupakan bahan kimia yang secara luas digunakan dalam industri produksi tinta, sintesis selulosa pembuatan selluloid dan lain lain. selain keperluan industri asam oksalat juga dapat digunakan sebagai reaktan/reagensia pada berbagai makanan, analisis air, kemurnian zat dan lain- lain. Penelitian pembuatan asam oksalat ini dilakukan dengan menggunakan variasi konsentrasi NaOH dan variasi waktu dari limbah batang pepaya. Tahapan untuk mendapatkan asam oksalat yaitu peleburan limbah batang pepaya, pengendapan dan pengasaman. Tingkat filtrat asam oksalat yang diperoleh ditentukan dengan metode Permanganometri. Hasil tingkat asam oksalat yang diperoleh pada perbandingan limbah batang pepaya dan 20% larutan NaOH (1:1, 1:2, 1:3 dan 1:4) dan panjang waktu hidrolisis dari 45 dan 60 menit berturut turut mengambil bagian: 3.38%; 4.47%; 5,01%; 4.31% dan 5,38%; 5,92%; 6.68%; 5.78 hasil yang terbaik yaitu perbandingan 1:3 dengan waktu peleburan 60 menit yaitu 6.68%.
Identifikasi Jamur Kontaminan yang Bersifat Xerofilik pada Lada Bubuk
Authors: Widowati Santika , W. Kartinah , Pamungkas Guruh Sri
Published: June 2019

Lada merupakan salah satu jenis rempah yang cukup penting, baik ditinjau dari peranannya sebagai penyumbang devisa negara maupun kegunaannya yang khas dan tidak dapat digantikan oleh jenis rempah lainnya. Pada proses pengolahan lada yang masih dilakukan dengan cara yang kurang higienis, risiko produk terkontaminasi oleh jamur selama proses pengolahan lada bubuk masih sangat besar, khususnya jamur xerofilik, yaitu jamur yang mampu tumbuh pada produk kering atau kadar air yang rendah. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui adanya jamur xerofilik pada lada bubuk dan mengetahui spesies jamur xerofilik apa saja yang berpotensi sebagai penghasil toksin pada lada bubuk.

Metode yang digunakan untuk pemeriksaan yaitu metode taburan. Sampel lada bubuk di encerkan dengan menggunakan aquades steril, dengan pengenceran 10-1, 10-2, dan 10-3, masing-masing di inokulasikan ke dalam medium DG18 pada cawan petri steril dan diinkubasi selama 5-7 hari. Kemudian di identifikasi secara makroskopis dan mikroskopis.

Hasil identifikasi menunjukan lada bubuk terkontaminasi jamur xerofilik. Spesies jamur xerofilik yang terdapat pada lada bubuk yaitu Aspergillus candidus, Aspergillus ochraceus, Aspergillus fumigatus, Eurotium herbariorum, Aspergillus tamarii, Eurotium chevalieri, Aspergillus penicilloides, Aspergillus niger, dan Aspergillus oryzae. Dari 9 spesies jamur yang ditemukan, 6 diantaranya dapat berpotensi sebagai penghasil mikotoksin.
Penentuan Kadar Protein Pada Ampas Bir Limbah Industri Pabrik Bir
Authors: Feginanda Reni , Soebiyanto Soebiyanto , Darmawan Petrus
Published: June 2019

Ampas bir merupakan residu dari limbah industri yang telah diambil sarinya melalui proses pengolahan dengan bahan baku malt yang berasal dari biji barley. Ampas bir oleh masyarakat dimanfaatkan sebagai susbtitusi pakan untuk ternak. Apabila diperhatikan ampas bir dalam ketersediaan dan kontinuitas pengadaannya sudah mencukupi, sehingga masyarakat bisa lebih mudah dalam mendapatkannya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menentukan kadar protein pada ampas bir.

Sampel dalam penelitian ini berupa ampas bir yang diperoleh dari distributor ampas bir di Kota Wonogiri. Penentuan kadar protein pada ampas bir yaitu menggunakan metode Gunning. Penentuan kadar protein ini melalui tiga tahap yaitu tahap dekstruksi, tahap destilasi, dan tahap titrasi. Kadar protein pada sampel ampas bir dihitung berdasarkan jumlah Nitrogen dikalikan dengan faktor konversi dari ampas bir yaitu Malt.

Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kadar protein pada ampas bir adalah 9,45%
Negotiating Intergovernmental Relations Under ESSA
Authors: Duff Megan , Wohlstetter Priscilla
Published: June 2019

The Every Student Succeeds Act (ESSA) has generated considerable buzz in education circles and the general media. But how much has really changed, and what does this mean for states as they begin the process of implementing a new federal education law? In this article, we apply principal-agent theory to explore intergovernmental relations under ESSA, focusing specifically on the relationship between the federal government (the principal) and state governments (the agents). First, we review power dynamics under No Child Left Behind (NCLB) and ESSA, exploring implications of changes in the substance of both laws for the principal-agent problem. Next, using political discourse analysis, we show how shifts in the content of Elementary and Secondary Education Act (ESEA) and its implementation by the current administration influenced the federal review process of state plans for the sixteen states that submitted plans under the early deadline. We find the federal government was most likely to provide feedback around Title I, Part A, Section 4 pertaining to accountability and school improvement. Ultimately, however, states that ignored or defied federal feedback were successful given both the limits ESSA places on U.S. Department of Education authority and the current administration’s reliance on negotiation over sanction. Thus far, this approach has ensured states are realizing the maximum flexibility available through the law, as all state plans were approved, regardless of whether states heeded federal feedback and complied with the law.
A Teacher Like Me: A Review of the Effect of Student–Teacher Racial/Ethnic Matching on Teacher Perceptions of Students and Student Academic and Behavioral Outcomes
Authors: Redding Christopher
Published: June 2019

Considerable research has examined the positive educational experiences of students of color assigned to teachers of the same race or ethnicity. Underlying this research is the belief that the cultural fit between students and teachers has the potential to improve a child’s academic and nonacademic performance in school. This comprehensive review examines the extent to which Black and Latino/a students (1) receive more favorable ratings of classroom behavior and academic performance, (2) score higher on standardized tests, and (3) have more positive behavioral outcomes when assigned to a teacher of the same race/ethnicity. Assignment to a same-race teacher is associated with more favorable teacher ratings, although the relationship differs by school level. There is fairly strong evidence that Black students score higher on achievement tests when assigned to a Black teacher. Less consistent evidence is found for Latino/a students.
Aflatoxins biosynthesis, toxicity and intervention strategies: A review
Authors: Int Chem
Published: June 2019

Aflatoxins (AFTs) are toxic products of fungal metabolism, associated with serious health consequences and substantial economic losses to agriculture, livestock and poultry sectors, particularly in the developing countries. This review outlines the current information on AFTs in terms of historical background, classification, relative occurrence and co-existence with other mycotoxins in various food commodities. The phenomenon of aflatoxin (AFT) biosynthesis has been elucidated with reference to molecular basis, genetic regulation and factors affecting the AFT production. Moreover, the in vivo disposition kinetics, toxicological action and toxico-pathological consequences of AFTs have also been highlighted. Currently employed strategies for the detection and detoxification of AFTs, biomarkers of exposure assessment, potential economic impact and regulatory considerations regarding the AFTs have been emphasized.
Thermodynamic studies on metal complexes of Cd2+, Ni2+, Cu2+ AND Co2+ with pyridine-2,6-dicarboxylic acid in water, methanol and water-methanol binary solvent systems at 298.15 , 308.15 and 318.15 K by conductometric method
Authors: Int Chem
Published: June 2019

Stability constants are measured for complexes of Cd2+, Ni2+, Cu2+ and Co2+ with pyridine-2,6-dicarboxylic acid(PDA) in water, methanol and water-methanol binary solvent systems at 298.15, 308.15 and 318.15 K by conductometric method. The result shows that the stoichiometry of the complexes of PDA with all metals in all binary solvent systems is 1:2 [ML2]. The logKf values of PDA-M2+ complexes in H2O-MeOH binary solvent systems increase with increasing % of MeOH and temperature. The ΔH0 and ΔS0 of the complexation reaction in the different H2O-MeOH binary solvent systems were evaluated by the temperature dependence of the formation constants using a linear least square analysis according to van’t Hoff equation.
Assessment of trace metals and physicochemical parameters of commercially available honey in Ethiopia
Authors: Int Chem
Published: June 2019

Trace metal contents and quality parameters (physicochemical properties) such as pH, electrical conductivity and ash content of four Ethiopian honeys were determined using flame atomic absorption spectrometry, pH-meter, conductivity meter and ashing, respectively. The optimized wet digestion method for honey analysis was found efficient for the metals determined and it was validated through the recovery experiment and a good percentage recovery was obtained (93-104%). Fe was found in highest amount with mean concentration ranging from 5.37 to 12.4 μg/g followed by Ni with mean concentration range of 0.80 to 4.46 μg/g, Cr (1.20-4.33 μg/g), Zn (1.92-4.22 μg/g), Co (0.60-1.17 μg/g), Mn (0.16-0.89 μg/g), Cd (ND-0.69 μg/g) and Cu (0.09-0.47 μg/g). The toxic metal Pb was not detected. The ranges of physicochemical properties determined were summarized as: pH 4.11-4.33, electrical conductivity of 0.10-0.29 mscm-1 and ash content 0.17-0.46%. The metals content and the physicochemical properties investigated in honey samples were found within the ranges established by national and international standards.
Voltammetric study of secnidazole and its determination in pharmaceutical tablet using 1, 4-benzoquinone modified carbon paste electrode
Authors: Int Chem
Published: June 2019

In this study voltammetric behaviour of secnidazole (SCZ) at 1, 4-Benzoquinone Modified Carbon Paste Electrode (1,4-BQMCPE) was investigated in Britton Robinson buffer solution using cyclic voltammetric technique. A well-defined cathodic peak was observed for the SCZ in the entire pH range. The current increases steadily with scan rate and the results indicated that the process is irreversible reduction and adsorption controlled. The number of electrons transferred and different kinetic parameters like transfer coefficient and rate constant were calculated by using cyclic voltammetry technique. Differential pulse voltammetric method has been used for the determination of SCZ content in pharmaceutical tablet. This method enabled to determine SCZ in the concentration range 1.0 × 10-8 to 4.0 × 10-4 M. The limit of detection (LOD) and limit of quantification (LOQ) were found to be 2.13 × 10-9 and 2.85 × 10-9 respectively. The method was applied to determine the content of SCZ in different sample solutions of SCZ tablet with excellent recovery and relative standard deviation results (99.892±1.53 respectively) for spiked standard SCZ in tablet sample solutions. The selectivity of the method for SCZ was further studied in the presence of selected potential interferents such as fluconazole, azithromycin etc and confirmed the potential applicability of the developed method for the determination of SCZ in real pharmaceutical tablets.
Model prediction on the characteristics of dipole atoms: the concept of Schrodinger’s equation
Authors: Int Chem
Published: June 2019

This paper investigates the model to predict the characteristics of dipole atoms upon the application of Schrödinger’s wave equation. Many element of chemists’ picture of molecular structure hinge on the point of view that separates the electronic motions from the vibration/rotational motion and treats coupling between these separated motions as perturbations. It is essential to understand the origins and limitations of this separated (dipole) motion picture. To develop a framework in terms of which to understand when such separable is valid, one think of an atom or molecule as consisting of a collection of N electrons and M nuclei each of which possesses kinetic energy and among which columbic potential energies of interaction arise to properly describe the motion of all these particles, one need to consider the full Schrödinger Equation Hφ = ∈φ in which the Hamiltonian H contains the sum of the Kinetic energies of all N electron and the M nuclei. The range of accuracy of this separation can be understood by considering the differences in time scales that relate to electronic motions and nuclear motions under ordinary circumstances.
Characterization and physicochemical properties of wood sawdust in Niger area, Nigeria
Authors: Int Chem
Published: June 2019

Investigation was carried out to examine the characterization and physicochemical properties of some wood sawdust obtained from Niger Delta Area of Nigeria limited for the purpose of usage as an absorbent for remediation of contaminant in soil environment. Experimental examination was conducted on value, moisture content, bulk density and porosity, iodine number and ash content for the various wood sawdust samples from Obuba and Abura, Opepe/mahogany. The result obtained revealed that the pH value of Obuba red (soft wood) is 5.48, Abura (hard wood) 6.18, opepe/mahogany (hard wood) 5.75 and iroko (soft wood) 5.29, whereas the moisture content value opepe/mahogany and iroko. The result further revealed that the bulk density and the porosity value are as presented, grain volume value are 2.910, 2.475, 1.931, and 2.959, bulk density value are 1.0317, 0.884, 0.2190, 0.4306, 0.5490, and 0.3499 for obuba red, abura, opepe/mahogany and iroko. The iodine number tested demonstrates the following value of 10.20, 6.90, 13.90 and 5:9 and 6.6 for obuba red, abura, opepe/mahogany and iroko. Finally, it was demonstrated that the usefulness of characterization and examination of physicochemical properties of functional components that control and improve the monitoring, predicting and determination of the kinetics values.
Synthesis, characterization and biological activities of 1,3,4-oxadiazole derivatives of nalidixic acid and their copper complexes
Authors: Int Chem
Published: June 2019

A series of novel 1, 3, 4-oxadiazole analogues was synthesized from cyclization of hydrazones of substituted 1-ethyl-1,4-dihydro-7-methyl-4-oxo-1,8-naphthyridine-3-carbohydrazides were prepared from nalidixic acid. The structures of synthesized oxadiazole derivatives and their copper complexes were elucidated on the basis of FTIR, elemental analyses, 1H-NMR and atomic absorption spectral analysis. It was observed from spectral data that metal ligand ratio was 1:1 in all copper complexes and they were bidentate, coordination was found to be done through oxygen of 4-oxo group and nitrogen of oxadiazole ring. The synthesized compounds were further evaluated with biological activities and compared with parent hydrazones. Copper complexes possess antibacterial and antifungal activities better than the oxadiazoles while they have better antioxidant activity then copper complexes. Parent hydrazones were better in all biological activities than synthesized oxadiazoles.
Surface interaction of sweet potato peels (Ipomoea batata) with Cd(II) and Pb(II) ions in aqueous medium
Authors: Int Chem
Published: June 2019

The removal of Cd(II) and Pb(II) ions from aqueous medium was studied using potato peels biomass. The adsorption process was evaluated using Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer (AAS). The Vibrational band of the potato peels was studied using Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR). The adsorption process was carried out with respect to concentration, time, pH, particle size and the thermodynamic evaluation of the process was carried at temperatures of 30, 40, 50 and 60(0C), respectively. The FTIR studies revealed that the potato peels was composed of –OH, -NH, –C=N, –C=C and –C-O-C functional groups. The optimum removal was obtained at pH 8 and contact time of 20 min. The adsorption process followed Freundlich adsorption and pseudo second-order kinetic models with correlation coefficients (R2) greater than 0.900. The equilibrium adsorption capacity showed that Pb(II) ion was more adsorbed on the surface of the potato peels biomass versus Cd (II) ion (200.91 mg/g > 125.00 mg/g). The thermodynamic studies indicated endothermic, dissociative mechanism and spontaneous adsorption process. This study shows that sweet potato peels is useful as a low-cost adsorbent for the removal of Cd(II) and Pb(II) ions from aqueous medium.
Comparison of physicochemical properties of edible vegetable oils commercially available in Bahir Dar, Ethiopia
Authors: Int Chem
Published: June 2019

The physicochemical properties of six imported and one locally produced edible vegetable oils (soybean oil, sunflower oil, sunlit oil, hayat oil, avena oil, USA vegetable oil and Niger oil) purchased from Bahir Dar city, Ethiopia, were examined for their compositional quality. All the oil samples were characterized for specific gravity, moisture content, color, relative viscosity, refractive indices, ash content, peroxide value, saponification value, smoke point, acid value, free fatty acid value and trace metals contents using established methods. The result clearly indicates that some of the oil samples exhibited unacceptable value when compared with physicochemical parameters recommended by the Codex Alimentations Commission of FAO/WHO and the specification of Ethiopian standards. The contents of nickel (Ni), copper (Cu) and iron (Fe) in seven samples were determined using ICP-OES and their concentrations were found in the range of 1.8-20.4, 45.8-82.2 and 136.04-445.0 mg/kg, respectively.
Nutritional investigation of three commonly consumed fast foods in two major fast food restaurants in Lagos State, Nigeria
Authors: Int Chem
Published: June 2019

This study was carried out to investigate the proximate and mineral compositions of three commonly consumed fast foods (chicken pie, scotch egg and moi-moi); from two different fast food restaurants in Lagos State, Nigeria. These analyses were carried out using standard methods of Association of Official Analytical Chemists (AOAC). Results of proximate analysis showed that fast foods from restaurants A and B contain relatively good nutritive values. Also, of the fourteen minerals assayed, results were obtained for nine (Fe, Zn, Mn, Na, Ca, Mg, Cu, K and P) with variation in their concentrations. Meanwhile, Nickel, Chromium, Lead, Cobalt, and Cadmium were not detected in any of the foods from both restaurants. The results of this study showed slight variations in the proximate compositions but significantly wide variations in the mineral contents of the fast foods from the two restaurants. These disparities could be as a result of differences in ingredients used and methods of processing and/ or preparing the fast foods. The results of this study also showed that fast food samples from restaurant B generally contained higher amount of minerals. However, the very high amounts of Sodium, Phosphorus and Potassium found in all three fast food sample from restaurant B are of great concern. This suggests that regular consumption of these foods especially from restaurant B may pose health risk to the consumers.
Physicochemical and bacteriological characterization of hospital effluents and their impact on the environment
Authors: Int Chem
Published: June 2019

Liquid effluents discharged by hospitals may contain chemical and biological contaminants whose main source is the different substances used for the treatment of patients. This type of rejection can present a sanitary potentially dangerous risk for human health and can provoke a strong degradation of diverse environmental compartments mainly water and soils. The present study focuses on the quality of the liquid effluents of Hassani Abdelkader’s hospital of Sidi Bel-Abbes (West of Algeria). The results reveal a significant chemical pollution (COD: 879 mgO2/L, BOD5: 850 mgO2/L, NH4+ : 47.9 mg/l, NO2- : 4.2 mg/l, NO3- : 56.8 mg/l with respect to WHO standard of 90 mgO2/L, 30 mgO2/L, 0.5 mg/l, 1 mg/l and 1 mg/l respectively). However, these effluents are biodegradable since the ratio COD/BOD5 do not exceeded the value of 2 in almost all samples. The presence of pathogen germs is put into evidence such as pseudomonas, the clostridium, the staphylococcus, the fecal coliforms and fecal streptococcus. These results show that the direct discharge of these effluents constitutes a major threat to human health and the environment.
Appraisal of heavy metals and nutrients from phosphate rocks, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
Authors: Int Chem
Published: June 2019

This study focuses on fundamental scrutiny of phosphate rock samples in order to investigate the elemental composition (Zinc, Cadmium, Lead, Sodium and Potassium) by Flame Photometry & Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy. The samples have been collected from Hazara Division, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa (KPK), Peshawar. Relative study on heavy metal content and nutrients was performed to find out the comparative resources quality. The sample S5 exhibits highest Cadmium contents while S6 shows higher concentration of other metals. The local resources indicate higher quantity of Lead (Pb). The remedy for this excessive amount of Pb may probably be done by complete separation and disposal of waste phosphogypsum. The phosphate rocks found in the region are good enough to be utilized as raw material for fertilizer manufacturing plants.
Mango (Magnifera indica) seed oil grown in Dilla town as potential raw material for biodiesel production using NaOH- a homogeneous catalyst
Authors: Int Chem
Published: June 2019

Biodiesel produced by transesterification process from vegetable oils or animal fats is viewed as a promising renewable energy source. Now a day’s diminishing of petroleum reserves in the ground and increasing environmental pollution prevention and regulations have made searching for renewable oxygenated energy sources from biomasses. Biodiesel is non-toxic, renewable, biodegradable, environmentally benign, energy efficient and diesel substituent fuel used in diesel engine which contributes minimal amount of global warming gases such as CO, CO2, SO2, NOX, unburned hydrocarbons, and particulate matters. The chemical composition of the biodiesel was examined by help of GC-MS and five fatty acid methyl esters such as methyl palmitate, methyl stearate, methyl oleate, methyl linoleate and methyl linoleneate were identified. The variables that affect the amount of biodiesel such as methanol/oil molar ratio, mass weight of catalyst and temperature were studied. In addition to this the physicochemical properties of the biodiesel such as (density, kinematic viscosity, iodine value high heating value, flash point, acidic value, saponification value, carbon residue, peroxide value and ester content) were determined and its corresponding values were 87 Kg/m3, 5.63 Mm2/s, 39.56 g I/100g oil, 42.22 MJ/Kg, 132oC, 0.12 mgKOH/g, 209.72 mgKOH/g, 0.04%wt, 12.63 meq/kg, and 92.67 wt% respectively. The results of the present study showed that all physicochemical properties lie within the ASTM and EN biodiesel standards. Therefore, mango seed oil methyl ester could be used as an alternative to diesel engine.
Design of a Flexure Rotational Time Base with Varying Inertia
Authors: Thalmann Etienne , Henein Simon
Published: June 2019

Flexure oscillators are promising time bases thanks to their high quality factor and monolithic design compatible with microfabrication. In mechanical watchmaking, they could advantageously replace the traditional balance and hairspring oscillator, leading to improvements in timekeeping accuracy, autonomy and assembly. As MEMS oscillators, their performance can rival that of the well-established quartz oscillator. However, their inherent nonlinear elastic behavior can introduce a variation of their frequency with amplitude called isochronism defect, a major obstacle to accurate timekeeping in mechanical watches. Previous research has focused on addressing this issue by controlling the elastic properties of flexure oscillators. Yet, these oscillators exhibit other amplitude-related frequency variations caused by changes of inertia with amplitude. In this article, we not only improve existing models by taking into account inertia effects but also present a new way of using them to adjust the isochronism defect. This results in a better understanding of flexure oscillators and an alternative way of tuning isochronism by acting on inertia instead of stiffness. This also opens the door to new promising architectures such as the new Rotation-Dilation Coupled Oscillator (RDCO) whose symmetry has the advantage of minimizing the influence of linear accelerations on its frequency (the other major limitation of flexure oscillators). We derive analytical models for the isochronism of this oscillator, show a dimensioning with compensating inertia and stiffness variations and present a practical method for post-fabrication isochronism tuning. The models are validated by FEM and mock-ups serve as preliminary proof-of-concept.
Suka Buah Melon Lokal daripada Buah Melon Luar Negeri
Authors: Purnama A. Wahyu
Published: June 2019

Buah Melon lokal tidak kalah enak dibandingkan dengan rasa buah melon luar negeri. Karena cara menanam petani lokal dengan cara petani luar menanam sama sama baik. Namun karena buah melon lokal harganya murah jadi kurang berkesan dibandingkan dengan harganya buah luar negeri yang sudah lebih mahal. Dari sebuah melon yang terpenting adalah rasa, agar melon tetap digemari di Indonesia maupun oleh turis asing
Bagaimana Menjadikan Pendidikan Menjadi Peluang Usaha
Authors: Izzah Nimatul
Published: June 2019

Pendidikan kewirausahaan merupakanmedia efektif untuk mengembangkan nilai-nilaidasar kewirausahaan pada generasi penerusbangsa sehingga semangatnya lebih kompetitifdalam menghadapi persaingan. Peran pendidikankewirausahaan sangat dibutuhkan untukmenyiapkan jiwa semangat generasi muda supayamenjadi partisipatoris dalam wirausaha menujuperubahan yang positif.
An Interview with Amber Chia
Authors: Setiawan Adib Rifqi
Published: June 2019

This work shares Amber Chia’s rise from a small town girl to a cosmopolitan supermodel, through hard work, determination, and timely investments. Amber Chia's recipe for success, in brief, is: just don't be lazy, be willing to learn, you will be able to make it if you are humble.
Aproximación teórica y práctica a una propuesta de gestión conjunta: el archivo y la biblioteca de la familia Belmonte-Chico de Guzmán
Authors: Oliveira Camino Sánchez
Published: June 2019

ENGLISH: The paper presents a current research and examines the design elements of a Familiar Heritage Documentary Collection, composed by bibliographical (a library) and archival (a family archive) collections, and, with enough frequency, a collection of objects related to the activities of the generators of these kind of heritage. The objective is to reflect on the definition of an integrator management system, with particular reference to patrimonial conceptualization and organisation documental systems. It is exposed The experience of managing a particular case of private ownership: the library and archive of the Belmonte-Chico de Guzmán family. We refer to a historical collection, of bibliographic and archival character, contributed and generated by the members of the different generations, branches and houses that compose this Castilian family of noble origin, throughout several centuries (from the end of the 15th century to the beginning of the 20th century). SPANISH: Se presenta parte de una investigación en curso, cuyo objetivo es definir y reflexionar sobre los elementos que fundamentan un sistema de gestión de lo que se ha denominado como un Fondo Documental Patrimonial Familiar (FDPF), compuesto por un fondo bibliográfico (una biblioteca), un fondo archivístico (un archivo familiar) y, con bastante frecuencia, una colección de objetos materiales relacionados con las actividades de los generadores del FDPF. El objetivo es reflexionar sobre la definición de un sistema de gestión conjunto en base a su conceptualización patrimonial, a su procesamiento documental y a su funcionalidad, así como atender al tipo de centro a cargo de dicho patrimonio. Se expone la experiencia de gestión de un caso particular de titularidad privada: la biblioteca y el archivo de la familia Belmonte-Chico de Guzmán. Nos referimos a un fondo histórico, de carácter bibliográfico y archivístico, aportado y generado por los miembros de las distintas generaciones, ramas y casas que componen esta familia castellana de origen nobiliario- hidalgo, a lo largo de varios siglos (desde finales del s. XV hasta inicios del siglo XX).