bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Test-size evolution of the planktonic foraminifer Globorotalia menardii in the eastern tropical Atlantic since the Late Miocene
Authors: Friesenhagen Thore
Published: February 2022

Abstract. The mean test size of planktonic foraminifera (PF) is
known to have increased especially during the last 12 Myr, probably in terms
of an adaptive response to an intensification of the surface-water
stratification. On geologically short timescales, the test size in PF is
related to environmental conditions. In an optimal species-specific
environment, individuals exhibit a greater maximum and average test size,
while the size decreases the more unfavourable the environment becomes. An interesting case was observed in the late Neogene and Quaternary size
evolution of Globorotalia menardii, which seems to be too extreme to be only explained by changes
in environmental conditions. In the western tropical Atlantic Ocean (WTAO)
and the Caribbean Sea, the test size more than doubles from 2.6 to 1.95
and 1.7 Ma, respectively, following an almost uninterrupted and
successive phase of test-size decrease from 4 Ma. Two hypotheses have been
suggested to explain the sudden occurrence of a giant G. menardii form: it was
triggered by either (1) a punctuated, regional evolutionary event or (2) the
immigration of specimens from the Indian Ocean via the Agulhas leakage. Morphometric measurements of tests from sediment samples of the Ocean
Drilling Program (ODP) Leg 108 Hole 667A in the eastern tropical Atlantic
Ocean (ETAO) show that the giant type already appears 0.1 Myr earlier at this
location than in the WTAO, which indicates that the extreme size increase in
the early Pleistocene was a tropical-Atlantic-Ocean-wide event. A coinciding
change in the predominant coiling direction likely suggests that a new
morphotype occurred. If the giant size and the uniform change in the
predominant coiling direction are an indicator for this new type, the form
already occurred in the eastern tropical Pacific Ocean at the
Pliocene–Pleistocene boundary at 2.58 Ma. This finding supports the Agulhas leakage hypothesis. However, the hypothesis of a regional, punctuated
evolutionary event cannot be dismissed due to missing data from the Indian
Ocean. This paper presents the Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation
(AMOC) and thermocline hypothesis in the ETAO, which possibly can be
extrapolated for explaining the test-size evolution of the whole tropical
Atlantic Ocean and the Caribbean Sea for the time interval between 2 and 8
Ma. The test-size evolution shows a similar trend with indicators for
changes in the AMOC strength. The mechanism behind this might be that
changes in the AMOC strength have a major influence on the thermal
stratification of the upper water column and hence the thermocline, which is
known to be the habitat of G. menardii.
Hydrodynamic and Biochemical Impacts on the Development of Hypoxia in the Louisiana–Texas Shelf Part II: Statistical Modeling and Hypoxia Prediction
Authors: Ou Yanda , Li Bin , Xue Z. George
Published: February 2022

Abstract. In this study, a novel ensemble regression model was developed for hypoxic area (HA) forecast in the Louisiana–Texas (LaTex) Shelf. The ensemble model combines a zero-inflated Poisson generalized linear model (GLM) and a quasi-Poisson generalized additive model (GAM) and considers predictors with hydrodynamic and biochemical features. Both models were trained and calibrated using the daily hindcast (2007–2020) by a three-dimensional coupled hydrodynamic–biogeochemical model embedded in the Reginal Ocean Modeling System (ROMS). A promising HA forecast is provided by the ensemble model with a low RMSE (3,204 km2), a high R2 (0.8005), and a precise performance in capturing hypoxic area peaks in the summers. To test its robustness, the model was further applied to a global forecast model and produces HA prediction from 2019 to 2020 with the adjusted predictors from the HYbrid Coordinate Ocean Model (HYCOM). Predicted HA shows a high agreement with the ROMS hindcast time series (RMSE = 4,571 km2, R2 = 0.8178). Our model can also predict the magnitude and onsets of summer HA peaks in both 2019 and 2020 with high accuracy. To the best of our knowledge, this ensemble model is by far the first one providing fast and accurate daily HA predictions for the LaTex Shelf while considering both hydrodynamic and biochemical effects. This study demonstrates that it is feasible to perform regional ocean HA prediction using global ocean forecast.
Weddell Sea polynya analysis using SMOS–SMAP apparent sea ice thickness retrieval
Authors: Mchedlishvili Alexander , Spreen Gunnar , Melsheimer Christian , Huntemann Marcus
Published: February 2022

Abstract. The Weddell Sea is known to feature large openings in its winter sea ice field, otherwise known as open-ocean polynyas. An area within the Weddell
Sea region that has repeatedly featured open-ocean polynyas in the past is that which encompasses the Maud Rise seamount. Within this area, after
40 years of intermittent, smaller openings, a larger, more persistent polynya appeared in early September 2017​​​​​​​ and remained open for
approximately 80 d until spring ice melt. In this study we present proof that polynya-favorable activity in the Maud Rise area is taking
place more frequently and on a larger scale than previously assumed. By investigating thin (< 50 cm) apparent sea ice thickness (ASIT)
retrieved from the satellite microwave sensors Soil Moisture and Ocean Salinity (SMOS) and Soil Moisture Active Passive (SMAP), we find an anomaly of
thin sea ice spanning an area comparable to the polynya of 2017 over Maud Rise which occurred in September 2018. In this paper, we look at sea ice
above Maud Rise in August and September of 2017 and 2018 as well as all years from 2010 until 2020 in an 11-year time series. Using fifth-generation ECMWF Reanalysis (ERA5) surface
wind reanalysis data, we corroborate previous findings (e.g., Campbell et al., 2019; Francis et al., 2019; Wilson et al., 2019) on the strong impact that storm
activity can have on sea ice above Maud Rise and help consolidate the theory that the evolution of the Weddell Sea polynya is controlled by local
atmospheric as well as oceanographic variability. Based on the results presented, we propose that the Weddell Sea polynya, rather than being a
binary phenomenon with one principal cause, is a dynamic process caused by various different preconditioning factors that must occur simultaneously
for it to appear and persist. Moreover, we show that rather than an abrupt stop to anomalous activity above Maud Rise in 2017, the very next year
shows signs of polynya-favorable activity that, although insufficient to open the polynya, were present in the region. This phenomenon, as we have
shown in the 11-year SMOS record, was not unique to 2018 and was also identified in 2010, 2013 and 2014. It is demonstrated that L-band microwave
radiometry from the SMOS and SMAP satellites can provide additional useful information, which helps to better understand dynamic sea ice processes
like polynya events when compared to the use of satellite sea ice concentration products alone.
Brief communication: A numerical tool for averaging large data sets of snow stratigraphy profiles useful for avalanche forecasting
Authors: Herla Florian , Haegeli Pascal , Mair Patrick
Published: February 2022

Abstract. Snowpack models can provide detailed insight about the evolution of the snow stratigraphy in ways that is not possible with direct observations. However, the lack of suitable data aggregation methods currently prevents the effective use of the available information, which is commonly reduced to bulk properties and summary statistics of the entire snow column or individual grid cells. This is only of limited value for operational avalanche forecasting. To address this challenge, we present an averaging algorithm for snow profiles that can effectively synthesize large numbers of snow profiles into a meaningful overall perspective of the existing conditions. Notably, the algorithm enables compiling of informative summary statistics and distributions of snowpack layers, which creates new opportunities for presenting and analyzing distributed and ensemble snowpack simulations.
Global evaluation of process-based models with in situ observations to detect long-term change in lake ice
Authors: Imrit Mohammad Arshad , Filazzola Alessandro , Woolway R. Iestyn , Sharma Sapna
Published: February 2022

Abstract. Lake ice phenology has been used extensively to study the impacts of anthropogenic climate change, owing to the widespread occurrence of lake ice and the length of time series available for such studies. The proliferation of process-based lake models and gridded climate data have enabled the modeling of ice phenology across broad spatial scales, for example where lakes are not sampled. In this study, we used ice phenology outputs from an ensemble of lake-climate model projections to directly compare their performance with in situ data. Generally, we found that the lake models captured the range of variability of observational records (RMSE ice on = 22.9 days [4.7, 95.4]; RMSE ice off = 17.4 days [6.1, 76.5]), and particularly the long-term trends in temperate regions. However, the models performed poorly in extremely warm years or when there were rapid short-term changes in ice phenology. The location of the lakes, such as latitude and longitude, as well as lake morphology, such as lake depth and surface area, significantly influenced model performance. For example, the models performed best in shallow small lakes and worst in deep larger lakes. Our analysis suggests that the lake models tested can reliably estimate long-term trends in lake ice cover, particularly when averaged across large spatial scales, but widespread in situ observations are critical to capture extreme events.
Perlin noise as a hierarchical neutral landscape model
Authors: Etherington Thomas R.
Published: February 2022

Abstract. Neutral landscape models based on fractal algorithms are used widely by landscape ecologists. Perlin noise is a spectral synthesis algorithm that has not been widely adopted by landscape ecologists, even though the hierarchical properties of Perlin noise are particularly relevant to landscape ecology. To encourage the use of Perlin noise, I provide an explanation of the algorithm in the context of neutral landscape models to
demonstrate that the hierarchical nature of the algorithm not only allows for a wide range of possible spatial patterns to be produced, but also
usefully parallels theories about the hierarchical structure of landscapes.
Triple hats: writing, teaching writing and teaching writing teachers
Authors: Jach Antoni
Published: February 2022

Of course, many teachers who are writers feel they don’t need to be taught how to teach. It is often assumed that a good writer will be agood teacher but it isn’t always the case. Writing is a specialised skill in the same way that teaching is a specialised skill and new skills can be developed. Over the past four years at RMIT University I havebeen running in-house teacher training for new teachers for the whole of the School of Creative Media (which includes the disciplines of multimedia, audio-visual and sound production as well as creative writing and editing). In our Professional Writing and Editing course we use practising writers (and editors) to teach in the course and gradually we have been offering teacher training to new staff as a way of assisting teachers with their teaching rather than following the traditional method of throwing teachers in the deep end and hoping they could swim (many could and flourished while others struggled and some drowned). I have created a number of presentations over the years for this teacher training program and the latest is entitled

“A Sixteen-Step Guide to Teaching”. This paper will focus on issues to do with writing, teaching writing and teaching writing students.
Lyophilisation of Streptomyces canosus CNMN-Ac-02 in the presence of zn sulfated polysaccharides from spirulina
Authors:   Institute of Microbiology and Biotechnology, Republic of Moldova, Chiselita Oleg , Burtseva Svetlana ,   Institute of Microbiology and Biotechnology, Republic of Moldova, Byrsa Maxim ,   Institute of Microbiology and Biotechnology, Republic of Moldova, Rudic Valeriu ,   Institute of Microbiology and Biotechnology, Republic of Moldova
Published: February 2022

The article presents the results concerning the influence of zinc sulfated polysaccharides (PSSZn) obtained from cyanobacterium Arthrospira platensis CNMNCB02 (spirulina) on the viability of Streptomyces canosus CNMN-Ac-02 strain after lyophilization and long-term storage. Supplementing the protective medium containing gelatin (2.5%) and glucose (7.5%) with PSSZn in the concentrations of 1.0; 5.0; 20.0; 30.0; and 50.0%/V increased the viability of the culture by 13.6-39.0% compared to control. The minimum morbidity and the high viability of 95.3-118.0% of the samples with PSSZn after one year of storage showed the efficiency of the latter in the protection and long-term storage of the strain. Significant difference in the viability of samples rehydrated with distilled water and those with the PSSZn solution in the concentrations of 0.1; 0.5; 5.0%/V revealed the possibility of using the PSSZn extract for revitalization of lyophilized strain
Assessment of maximum water consumption from existing reservoirs taking into account the ecology of landscapes and climate warming
Authors:   Institute of Ecology and Geography, Republic of Moldova, Melniciuc Orest , Bejan Iurie ,   Institute of Ecology and Geography, Republic of Moldova
Published: February 2022

Methodological principles for assessing the maximum possible water consumption from ponds and reservoirs for landscape regions and for the Republic of Moldova as a whole have been developed. The generalized characteristics of water protection (ecological) and available water resources, which ensure the maximum possible water consumption in a warming climate, are presented. The impact of climate change on water consumption and use of local and total available water resources is considered.
Contributions to the chorological study of some ferns in the Republic of Moldova
Authors:   Institute of Ecology and Geography, Republic of Moldova, Donica Ala , Angheluta Viorica ,   Institute of Ecology and Geography, Republic of Moldova, Agapi Ion ,   Institute of Ecology and Geography, Republic of Moldova
Published: February 2022

The article presents a synthesis of research on the chorology of some fern species on the territory of the Republic of Moldova. The Phylum Fern (lat. Polypodiophyta) includes the oldest higher plants, and nationally, the species Dryopteris filix-mas (L.) Schott and Athyrium filix femina (L.) Roth. are considered rare ferns, included in the Red Book of the Republic of Moldova (2015), the category of vulnerable plants (VU), which fully feel the negative impact of natural and anthropogenic factors. The current environmental changes, including climate change, also felt on the territory of the Republic of Moldova, require mapping the spatial distribution of native species and tracing future trend in their chorology under the influence of natural and anthropogenic factors. The spatial distribution of the species targeted in the study based on the use of modern research methods, with the use of Geographic Information Systems, the species spatially distributed depending on the description of their location in the bibliographic sources.
Особенности многолетней динамики вегетационного индекса залежных земель на территории Центрального Черноземья
Authors: Терехин Эдгар Аркадьевич
Published: February 2022

Анализ многолетних изменений растительного покрова является одной из ключевых задач в оценке состояния залежных земель, особенно в регионах активного аграрного использования. В настоящее время одним из перспективных вариантов решения этой задачи выступает изучение рядов вегетационных индексов, измеряемых по спутниковым данным. В статье проанализирована динамика вегетационного индекса NDVI для залежных земель в областях Центрального Черноземья в период 2000–2018 гг. Исследование проведено на залежах с различными типами лесных насаждений. Установлено, что для оставленных аграрных земель с лиственными породами во всех изученных областях наблюдается положительная динамика вегетационного индекса. При этом значимость тенденции в разных областях региона различна. Для залежей с лиственными породами статистически значимые трендовые составляющие выявлены в областях, расположенных наиболее близко к лесной зоне. Для оставленных аграрных земель с хвойными и смешанными лесными насаждениями установлена статистически значимая, положительная динамика в большинстве изученных областей. Залежи с хвойными насаждениями характеризуются наибольшей интенсивностью роста межгодовых значений вегетационного индекса в исследуемый период. Коэффициент наклона трендовой линии NDVI достаточно существенно различается между областями ЦЧР для залежей как с лиственными, так и с хвойными породами. С учетом высокой корреляции вегетационного индекса и величины покрытия залежей древесной растительностью выявленные изменения характеризуют процесс лесовозобновления на оставленных аграрных землях.
Анализ основных климатических параметров и составление климатической карты острова Сахалин
Authors: Братков Виталий Викторович , Мелкий Вячеслав Анатольевич , Верхотуров Алексей Александрович , Лукьяненко Николай Дмитриевич
Published: February 2022

Изменение климата оказывает влияние на комфортность проживания и возможность ведения отдельных видов хозяйственной деятельности на той или иной территории. Увеличение среднегодовой температуры на несколько градусов способно привести к деградации темнохвойных лесов на о. Сахалин, на смену которым могут прийти широколиственные леса или травяная растительность. Глобальные изменения климата гибельны для многих видов растительности и животного мира. Необходимо с определенной периодичностью проводить картографирование современных климатических условий на заданной территории для пространственного анализа климатических данных. Целью работы является анализ климатических условий острова Сахалин и составление климатической карты при помощи программных средств ArcGIS, MapInfo, Adobe Illustrator. В результате исследования разработан проект климатической карты о. Сахалин, которая может входить в состав атласа Сахалинской области. Результаты работы могут применяться в качестве образца составления аналогичных карт для других территорий.
Комплексная геоэкологическая оценка водосборной территории р. Осетр в условиях антропогенного воздействия
Authors: Широкова Вера Александровна , Юрова Юлия Дмитриевна
Published: February 2022

В работе изложены результаты геоэкомониторингового скрининга при создании геоэкологического паспорта бассейна р. Осетр, проводимого в Веневском, Зарайском, Луховицком районах на исследуемом участке от нп. Махринка до нп.  Акатьево за 2020–2021 гг. Для формирования комплексной геоэкологической оценки водосборной территории р. Осетр в условиях антропогенного воздействия разработана и апробирована оригинальная методика скрининга водосборной территории бассейна р. Осетр в условиях чувствительности к антропогенному воздействию на основе предлагаемых автором установленных методов оценки экологического риска антропогенного воздействия на речные экосистемы с учетом их региональных особенностей; создан геоэкологический портал «Геоэкологический паспорт водосборного бассейна р. Осетр», основанный на результатах комплексного геоэкологического скрининга территории с применением GIS-технологий; проведена комплексная геоэкологическая оценка водосборной территории бассейна р. Осетр с выделением зон повышенного геоэкологического риска, уровней загрязнения водоема, доли и степени антропогенного воздействия. 
Исследование выполнено при финансовой поддержке РФФИ в рамках научного проекта № 20-35-90019.
Life in the Streets, Children Speak Out: A Case of Harare Metropolitan, Zimbabwe
Authors: Ndlovu Everson , Tigere Richard
Published: February 2022

The number of children living in the streets of Harare Metropolitan, Zimbabwe, continues to increase. Street children comprise both boys and girls who have run away from home for one reason or another, to pursue a livelihood in the streets. Responses from the general public have been that of discrimination and stigmatisation, accusing street children of crime and prostitution. Children in the streets have responded with suspicion, frustration, anger and fights to their treatment by the general public, thus, the vicious cycle of ‘blame game and vulnerability’ continues unabated. A lasting solution to the challenge has eluded both government and partners. Major interventions have included the forcible commitment of street children to children’s homes. However, children soon trickle back to the streets, their usual source of livelihood. The study sought to examine street children’s way of life and challenges, with a view of proffering more sustainable solutions to the street children hazard in Zimbabwe. This study employed a qualitative case study design and used non-random sampling techniques to select participants. Semi structured interviews and questionnaires were used to solicit data from research participants. Manual thematic data analysis was used to deduce meaning from the set of data gathered. Extreme poverty, parental child abuse and maltreatment tend to drive children out of their homes to seek solace in the streets. Child abuse by step parents and guardians were particularly to blame. Ironically, street life continues to expose children to situations that endanger their lives. Children, particularly girls, were at more risk of sexual abuse and contracting COVID-19 in the streets, while young and weaker boys were at risk of physical abuse by older children. Parenting education should be integrated in all programmes targeting parents and communities, be they developmental or humanitarian. A case by case approach, as compared to the one size fits all, should be the basis for the designing of interventions to address the street children challenge.
A generalized common fixed point theorem in complex valued $b-$metric spaces
Authors: Marzouki Brahim , Makran Noureddine , El Haddouchi Abdelhak
Published: February 2022

In this work we are interested in the generalization of coincidence point and fixed point theorem for a 4-tuple of mappings satisfying a new type of implicit relation in complex valued $b-$metric spaces.
Generalized B\'{e}zier curves based on Bernstein-Stancu-Chlodowsky type operators
Authors: Khatri Kejal , Mishra Vishnu Narayan
Published: February 2022

In this paper, we use the blending functions of Bernstein-Stancu-Chlodowsky type operators with shifted knots for construction of modified Chlodowsky B\'{e}zier curves. We study the nature of degree elevation and degree reduction for B\'{e}zier Bernstein-Stancu-Chlodowsky functions with shifted knots for $t \in [\frac{\gamma}{n+\delta},\frac{n+\gamma}{n+\delta}]$. We also present a de Casteljau algorithm to compute Bernstein B\'{e}zier curves with shifted knots. The new curves have some properties similar to B\'{e}zier curves. Furthermore, some fundamental properties for Bernstein B\'{e}zier curves are discussed. Our generalizations show more flexibility in taking the value of $\gamma$ and $\delta$ and advantage in shape control of curves. The shape parameters give more convenience for the curve modelling.
RADIOGRAPHIC EVALUATION OF BONE FILLING IN INTRABONY PERIODONTAL DEFECTS WITH CERABONE® AS BONE REPLACEMENT GRAFT: CASE SERIES
Authors:   Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Medical University - Sofia, Bulgaria., Maynalovska Hristina , Popova Christina ,   Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Medical University - Sofia, Bulgaria., Mlachkova Antoaneta ,   Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Medical University - Sofia, Bulgaria.
Published: February 2022

The regeneration of lost periodontal tissues due to periodontal disease remains a difficult clinical challenge. As clinicians, we look for procedures with improved predictability, beneficial impact on the treatment of periodontal disease, and in the long term – improvement of prognosis of the involved teeth. Various types of grafting materials with substantial research evidence reporting on their efficacy have been introduced in regenerative periodontal therapy based on their ability to facilitate the reconstruction of the lost supporting apparatus. Consequently, the periodontal regeneration of intrabony defects involves not only the experience and skills of the clinicians but also the selection of suitable regenerative material. The type of tissue filling in a periodontal defect after surgical treatment can only be precisely evaluated by histological means, and it is restricted to a few cases due to ethical reasons. Histologic studies have demonstrated regeneration potential for GTR, allografts, xenografts and growth factors. And since the periodontal regeneration includes the regrowth of alveolar bone, by using radiographs, changes of the alveolar crest may be used to monitor periodontal healing. Our case series present the radiographic evaluation of the bone fill of 6 vertical bone defects treated with Cerabone®. The xenograft Cerabone® is a 100% pure bone mineral of bovine origin that has been successfully applied in regenerative dentistry and has been in use for more than 15 years in various medical applications (e.g. craniofacial surgery, oncology and hand and spine surgery).
Rapport du groupe de travail sur les cahiers de laboratoires électroniques
Authors: Mathieu Gilles , Pigeon Dominique , Rabemanantsoa Tovo , Chipeaux Christophe , Duvillard Simon , Gruson-Daniel Célya , Herbet Marie Emilia , Legrand Arnaud , Leon Nathalie , Libri Domenico , Lily Jean-Baptiste , Pinet Agnès , Sabot Francois , Seydi Moussa , Theisen Véronique
Published: February 2022

Le rapport du groupe de travail « Cahier de laboratoire électronique » (ELN) présente une vision partagée sur la définition, le cadrage, les usages et le périmètre fonctionnel de l’ELN, qui doit pouvoir s’intégrer dans les environnements informatiques et institutionnels existants. Il émet un ensemble de recommandations sur les critères de choix d’un outil et intègre une liste comparative d'outils existants.
التخيير بين عقوبات جرائم الحدود
Authors: محمد سليمان النور سليمان
Published: February 2022

التخيير بين عقوبات جرائم الحدود

The research aims at explaining What is meant by ’obligation’ in language and in the Savants' idions, then explaining the aspects of obligation among punishments of limitations crims in Islamic Jurisprudence and Sudanese Criminal Law in 1991, and this is by referring to books of different crecds in Islam Jurisprudence to show Savants' sayings and their claes.

and discussions an then, then to show the preferability among them , mentioning Sudan criminal law opinion and comparing it with Savants' sayings
حماية البيئة بين مصادر الفقه الإسلامي و المنظور الغربي : ثقافيا و قانونيا
Authors: محمود مصطفى المكي
Published: February 2022

حماية البيئة بين مصادر الفقه الإسلامي و المنظور الغربي : ثقافيا و قانونيا

The hypothesis of this study is to assure relationship between the damage and deterioration of natural environment and the value system of the Western civilization- the effort of the international community in resent decades to stop it, in one hand and to draw attention to the ability of Islamic value system based on principles of the Holly Quran and Tradition of Profit Mohamed “God blessings” and peace be upon him", to make “valuable contribution in setting up a modem and effective conceptions and criterions to direct to the behavior of individuals and groups not to “conquer” and destroy the nature, but to be in harmony with it, exploits its resources within the limits of their needs and preserves the rights of future generations.

And makes the globe, which is becoming now, in the age of Globalization, a small village, makes it a save, peaceful, healthy and comfortable place, all Its inhabitants can find pure air, fresh water, natural weather and secure and peaceful refuge.

In this respect the efforts of international Organizations and its regulations for the controlling the pollution of natural environment and for stopping its deterioration, all this I find in harmony with the Islamic value system which insists that the human behavior have to be in harmony with the elements of the environment not only to assure the common interest to the mankind but because its away of conduct related to religious convictions
DESENVOLVIMENTO DE UMA METODOLOGIA PARA AVALIAR SISTEMAS FOTOVOLTAICOS CONECTADOS À REDE ELÉTRICA: UM ESTUDO DE CASO EM CURITIBA E REGIÃO
Authors: Campos Henrique Marin van der Broocke , Junior Jair Urbanetz , Junior Eloy Fassi Casagrande
Published: February 2022

Este estudo visa aprofundar o conhecimento do uso de sistemas solares fotovoltaicos conectados à rede (SFVCR), enquanto apresenta uma proposta de metodologia para avaliar o potencial fotovoltaico para uma região definida, sendo a Região Metropolitana de Curitiba o foco deste artigo. Além disso, os procedimentos metodológicos envolveram a simulação de diferentes cenários para geradores fotovoltaicos distribuídos variando seu nível de penetração de potência, de forma que os efeitos nas curvas de carga reais da região analisada foram quantificados. Foram selecionados 12 dias críticos para a análise, que incluiu a contribuição fotovoltaica em termos de redução do consumo de energia elétrica, além da capacidade dos sistemas fotovoltaicos para reduzir a demanda de ponta da rede elétrica no período diurno. Também foi feito um levantamento do montante de gases de efeito estufa que são deixados de emitir. Os resultados revelaram que o nível de penetração fotovoltaico mais adequado, em termos de potência, situa-se entre 40,80 MWp e 55,68 MWp, exceto em alguns dias críticos tratados neste estudo. Este intervalo de potência resulta em valores máximos de Fator Efetivo de Capacidade de Carga (ELCC) para dias de irradiação solar máxima e típica durante as estações de inverno e verão. Desse modo, este intervalo proposto representa a melhor capacidade de redução do pico de demanda, além de evitar a emissão de gases do efeito estufa estimada em 18.790 toneladas de CO2 -eq a 25.643 toneladas de CO2 - eq, sendo, portanto, uma solução mais sustentável e que eleva a capacidade do sistema elétrico.
REFORÇO ESTRUTURAL DE UMA PLATAFORMA OFFSHORE DO PORTO DO ITAQUI COM POLÍMERO REFORÇADO COM FIBRA DE CARBONO (CFRP)
Authors: Farias Jefferson Sousa , Oliveira Dênio Ramam Carvalho de , Macêdo Alcebiades Negrão
Published: February 2022

Este trabalho apresenta detalhes de um reforço estrutural utilizando polímero reforçado com fibra de carbono (PRFC) em uma plataforma offshore de concreto armado no Porto do Itaqui em São Luís – MA. A necessidade de reforço foi constada após a fissuração da laje em balanço que recebe o impacto dos navios durante a atração. Após inspeção verificou-se que as armaduras já não existiam em algumas partes da estrutura, consumidas pela corrosão. Optou-se então por recompor estas armaduras e empregar técnica de reforço estrutural com laminados de CFRP envelopando a laje em balanço, reforçando-a à flexão e confinando-a parcialmente para minimizar os efeitos da fissuração interna permanente da laje. Apesar desta técnica ser consolidada, pouco se sabe sobre o desempenho do reforço ao longo do tempo quando exposto ao ambiente marinho. Foram adotadas as principais prescrições normativas para dimensionamento de estruturas de concreto armado da NBR 6118 (ABNT, 2014) e Model Code 2010 (fib, 2010), além das recomendações da norma ACI 440.2R (ACI, 2008) para o dimensionamento do reforço com CFRP. Apresenta-se um panorama geral da estrutura após 17 anos da execução do reforço que comprovou o bom desempenho da técnica empregada.
Análise de gestantes com vírus da imunodeficiência humana e crianças expostas em diferentes territórios de Porto Alegre
Authors: Ribeiro Rafael Henrique Flores , Alves Daniela Santos , Egres Luciana , Silva Daila Alena Raenck da , Hentges Bruna , Casaroto Vinícius de Souza , Rangel Matheus , Teixeira Luciana Barcellos
Published: February 2022

Introdução: A epidemia do vírus da imunodeficiência humana possui taxas de prevalência distintas no que se refere às macrorregiões de estados e também dentro de municípios brasileiros. Porto Alegre (RS) possui elevada taxa de transmissão vertical. A identificação das singularidades dentro de territórios distintos na cidade, no que tange às gestantes com vírus da imunodeficiência humana e crianças expostas ao vírus da imunodeficiência humana, possibilita avanços em termos de políticas públicas. Objetivo: Analisar variáveis sociodemográficas e de saúde de gestantes com vírus da imunodeficiência humana e crianças expostas ao vírus da imunodeficiência humana, comparando-as nas oito gerências distritais de Porto Alegre, a fim de identificar regiões com maior vulnerabilidade. Métodos: Estudo de coorte histórica, com dados coletados entre 2000 a 2017 do Sistema de Informação de Agravos de Notificação. Comparações foram realizadas por meio do teste de homogeneidade de proporções baseado na estatística de qui-quadrado de Pearson. O nível de significância utilizado foi de 5%. Considerou-se a divisão das oito gerências distritais em Porto Alegre. Resultados: Foram analisadas 8.520 gestantes e crianças. Observou-se diferença entre as gerências quanto à raça/cor das gestantes, escolaridade, início do pré-natal e perda de seguimento. Houve maior predomínio de mulheres pretas nas gerências RES e LENO (p<0,001). Maior predomínio de gestantes sem nenhuma escolaridade nas gerências RES, CEN e SCS (p<0,001). Maior percentual de gestantes com diagnóstico de vírus da imunodeficiência humana antes do pré-natal nas gerências LENO e RES (p<0,001). Maior percentual de gestantes que iniciaram o pré-natal após a 12ª semana na gerência RES (p<0,001). Maiores percentuais de perda de seguimento nas gerências CEN, NHNI e RES (p<0,001), e maiores percentuais de crianças infectadas nas gerências NHNI, PLP, GCC, LENO e PES (p<0,001). Conclusão: Evidencia-se um maior perfil de vulnerabilidade na gerência RES, uma área geográfica com alta vulnerabilidade social. Recomenda-se a consideração das especificidades dos territórios para o desenvolvimento de ações de prevenção.
PENGEMBANGAN MODUL PRAKTIKUM EFEK FOTOLISTRIK BERBASIS VIRTUAL LABORATORY DENGAN MODEL DISCOVERY LEARNING
Authors: Mogi Helena , Mandang Theresje , Lolowang Jimmy
Published: February 2022

This research is motivated by the absence of a virtual laboratory-based practicum module to be used as a mandatory guide for students. So that students find it difficult to understand the concepts of physics related to the photoelectric effect practicum, especially in this pandemic era. This research aims to develop a Virtual Laboratory-Based Photoelectric Effect Practicum Module Using a Discovery Learning Model. This study is a research and development study using the 4D research model adapted from the Thiagarajan model, namely define, design, develop, and disseminate. The results of the study for students got an average value of 82.75%, so that the module was included in the feasible / valid category. And in response 57.35% of students chose very useful (SB), 42.65% of students chose useful (B), and no student chose less useful (KB) and not useful (TB). Based on the research results, it can be concluded that the product has been produced in the form of a photoelectric effect practicum module based on a virtual laboratory using a discovery learning model with good and proper qualifications.
Hubungan Tingkat Stres dan Vulva Hygiene dengan Keputihan pada Remaja Putri
Authors: Fitrie Febia , Safitri Aisyah
Published: February 2022

Latar Belakang: Keputihan atau flour albus merupakan cairan bening yang keluar dari vagina dalam jumlah banyak. Terdapat dua macam keputihan yaitu keputihan normal (fisiologis) dan keputihan abnormal (patologis).

Tujuan: Tujuan peneliatin ini adalah untuk mengetahui hubungan stres dan vulva hygiene dengan keputihan pada remaja putri dikelas X (sepuluh) dan kelas XI (sebelas).

Metode: Desain penelitian ini menggunakan metode Cross-Sectional. Pengambilan sempel dilakukan secara stratified sampling. Sampel dalam penelitian ini adalah remaja putri kelas 10 dan 11 berjumlah 77 responden.

Hasil: Hasil penelitian untuk stres dengan keputihan menunjukan bahwa ada hubungan antara stres dengan keputihan (p-value=0,022), hasil penelitian untuk vulva hygiene dengan keputihan menunjukan bahwa ada hubungan antara vulva dengan keputihan (p-value=0,026, OR=2,230).

Kesimpulan: Ada hubungan antara Stres Dan Vulva Hygiene Dengan Keputihan Pada Remaja Putri Dikelas 10 dan 11. Perlu diberikannya edukasi dan penyuluhan kepada siswi tentang cara mengatasi stres dan memberikan informasi pentingnya menjaga kebersihan vulva hygiene untuk menghindari terjadinya keputihan.
Health Literacy dengan Tingkat Kecemasan Pasien Covid-19
Authors: Weni Wulandari  , Yuliza Emi , Herlina Irma
Published: February 2022

Introduction: Health Literacy is a parameter or instrument for measuring the level of anxiety of Covid-19 patients in the inpatient room at the Depok HGA Hospital.
Purpose: The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between patient health literacy and the anxiety level of Covid-19 patients in the inpatient room at HGA Depok Hospital in 2021.
Methods: This type of research is quantitative with a Cross-Sectional approach. The population in this study were Covid-19 patients in the inpatient room at HGA Depok Hospital and the sample needed in this study was 78 respondents using the purposive sampling method. Research data analysis using Chi-Square test.
Results: Based on the results of the study, the picture of the patient's health literacy was poor with 41 respondents (52.6%). The description of the level of anxiety obtained moderate anxiety as many as 31 respondents (39.7%). The results of statistical tests are known with the p-value = 0.005 < 0.05.
Conclusion: There is a relationship between patient health literacy and the level of anxiety of Covid-19 patients in the inpatient room at HGA Depok Hospital in 2021.
Data on FTIR spectra of mixtures of sodium valproate (VPA) and histones H1 and H3
Authors: Mello Maria Luiza , Vidal Benedicto
Published: February 2022

Valproic acid/sodium valproate (VPA), a drug primarily used for treatment of seizure disorders, is recognized as an efficient epigenetic agent, inducing inhibition of histone deacetylases, promoting changes in the methylation status of DNA and histones, and affecting chromatin structure. In addition to these epigenetic effects, molecular affinity of VPA for histone H1 has been proposed based on thermal denaturation, fluorescence spectroscopy and circular dichroism assays. VPA interactions with DNA and histones using Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) microspectroscopy and high-performance polarization microscopy that are not related to the effects promoted on epigenetic markers have been recently explored. Data in this article provide supplementary information for a better understanding of the resulting FTIR spectra for mixtures of VPA and histones H1 and H3 and of the potential effect of VPA directly on histones that has been reported in the literature.
Distribution of Te, As, Bi, Sb, and Se in Mid-Ocean Ridge Basalt and Komatiites and in Picrites and Basalts from Large Igneous Provinces: Implications for the Formation of Magmatic Ni-Cu-Platinum Group Element Deposits
Authors: Barnes Sarah-Jane , Mansur Eduardo T.
Published: February 2022

In magmatic nickel-copper-platinum-group element (PGE) deposits, the PGEs are found both in solid solution in base metal sulfides and as platinum group minerals (PGMs). Apart from S, the most common elements that the PGEs combine with to form PGMs are Te, As, Bi, Sb, and Sn (TABS). Whether the TABS play a role in collecting the PGEs or simply partition into the sulfide liquid along with the PGEs and later combine with PGEs when the sulfide phase becomes saturated with PGMs is not currently clear. This is in part because the concentrations of TABS in the magmas (picrites and basalts from large igneous province and komatiites) that form these types of deposits are not well established, and hence it is not evident whether the magmas contain sufficient TABS to control PGEs. In order to establish the concentrations of Te, As, Bi, Sb, and Se (TABS+) in these rock types and to document the processes affecting these concentrations, we have determined TABS+ concentrations in komatiites, in mid-ocean ridge basalt, and in picrites and basalts from large igneous provinces. Using TABS+ mantle-normalized diagrams, the affects of different mantle sources, crystal fractionation, crustal assimilation, degassing, and alteration are considered. We estimate the concentrations of TABS+ in komatiites to be approximately twice primitive mantle values. In picrites the concentrations vary: approximately 10 times primitive mantle values for As and Sb and decreasing through Bi to Te from 7 to 2 times primitive mantle.

Assimilation of S-bearing sedimentary rocks is thought to be important in triggering sulfide saturation leading to the formation of Ni-Cu-PGE deposits. Assimilation of such sediments would enrich the magma in Th over Nb and in As, Sb, and Bi. Evidence of assimilation in the form of TABS and Th enrichment is clear in the PGE reef deposits of the Bushveld and Stillwater Complexes, but the deposits do not contain sufficient TABS to control the PGEs. This is also true in the Norilsk-Talnakh Ni-Cu-PGE deposits. However, at Norilsk degassing of the magma has resulted in the loss of TABS, which results in negative As, Bi, Se, and Te anomalies on primitive mantle-normalized plots.
Hubungan Sabat dan Keselamatan Dalam Perjanjian Lama
Authors: Tameon Sance Mariana
Published: February 2022

The Sabbath is God's mandate for man to rest from all affairs and work. It began when God stopped creating the heavens and the earth and everything in them on the seventh day (Genesis 2:1-3). God appointed the Sabbath as a day of rest. Since God rested, humans who were created in God's image must rest also. One of the most beautiful blessings that come from the Sabbath is refreshment. The Sabbath was closely related to God's action in saving humankind from destruction. This study aimed to analyze the relationship between the Sabbath and salvation in the Old Testament. The literature review is used as the method where the author looks for the main source of research and then analyzes it to find the meaning of the data. The results show that the Sabbath becomes a sign of the covenant and symbol of the special relationship in grace between God-the Redeemer, and His chosen people. The Sabbath had become a sign that reminded the Israelites and believers that God by His grace had sanctified, chosen, and delivered them. The Sabbath was a picture of salvation by God's sovereign grace in exodus. The Sabbath interpreted as people's gratitude expression for the goodness of God who has saved, redeemed and freed humankind from slavery and slavery of the sin.

Sabat merupakan mandat Allah bagi manusia untuk beristirahat dari segala urusan dan pekerjaan. Hal ini dimulai ketika Allah berhenti menciptakan langit dan bumi serta segala isinya pada hari ketujuh (Kejadian 2:1-3). Hari Sabat ditentukan Allah sebagai hari peristirahatan. Karena Allah beristirahat, maka manusia yang diciptakan menurut gambar Allah juga harus beristirahat. Salah satu berkat terindah yang diperoleh dari hari Sabat adalah penyegaran kembali. Sabat juga erat kaitannya dengan tindakan Allah dalam menyelamatkan manusia dari kebinasaan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji  mengenai hubungan Sabat dan keselamatan dalam Perjanjian Lama. Metode yang dipakai adalah content analysis/analisis isi dimana penulis mencari sumber utama penelitian lalu menganalisis untuk menemukan makna yang terkandung dalam data tersebut. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Sabat menjadi tanda kovenan, dan merupakan simbol dari hubungan khusus dalam anugerah antara Allah-Penebus dan orang-orang pilihan-Nya. Sabat telah menjadi tanda yang mengingatkan bangsa Israel dan orang percaya bahwa Allah dengan rahmat-Nya telah menguduskan, memilih, dan melepaskan mereka. Sabat menjadi gambaran dari keselamatan oleh anugerah Allah yang berdaulat dalam peristiwa eksodus. Sabat harus dimaknai sebagai ungkapan syukur umat atas kebaikan Allah yang telah menyelamatkan, menebus dan membebaskan manusia dari perbudakan dan perhambaan dosa.
Development of a Database of Contemporary Material Properties for Fire Investigation Analysis - Materials and Methods
Authors:   UL Firefighter Safety Research Institute, McKinnon Mark , Madryzkowksi Daniel , Weinschenk Craig
Published: February 2022

Meetings with the majority of the Technical Panel for the Development of an Interactive Database of Contemporary Material Properties for Fire Modeling project were held on June 29 and June 30, 2020. The major subjects of discussion included the list of proposed materials to be tested and characterized, the properties for the database, and the experimental and analytical methods to determine the properties for the database. A list of 101 materials divided into 11 categories were identified for inclusion in the database. The topics of variability in materials and aging of products and furniture items was discussed and it was concluded that investigating these variations is outside the scope of the project in this phase. The list of properties to be stored in the database for each material as well as proposed experimental methods to determine each property were discussed in the Technical Panel meetings. The discussion emphasized that the priorities for the properties represented in the database are dependent on the expected users for the database. Three potential user groups and the sets of properties that each group would likely require were identified. To ensure that the data contained in the database is useful for modeling, it was determined that prioritization would be given to complete sets of properties to be measured and stored in the database. Over the course of the two meetings, several tools were proposed to make the database easier for model practitioners to use. Once such tool included functionality to output lines of code for the models or entire model input files to simplify the process of inserting the properties into computa- tional fire models. Another tool that was discussed would involve automatically extracting derived properties from data sets or translating between complex and simple representations of burning. The next phase of the project includes conducting research to finalize the structure of the database and finalizing experimental procedures and protocols to populate the database.