bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
An Impaired Multisensory Mind: A Systematic Review of Multisensory Integration Processing in Anorexia and Bulimia Nervosa
Authors: Brizzi Giulia , Sansoni Maria , Frisone Fabio , Di Lernia Daniele , Tuena Cosimo , Riva Giuseppe
Published: February 2023

Patients with Anorexia (AN) and Bulimia Nervosa (BN) show bodily-self experience alterations. Body experience results from a Multisensory Integration (MSI) process that blends information from different sensory domains and frames of reference into a unique percept. A systematic review was conducted to examine MSI in AN and BN to investigate whether these conditions are associated with MSI alterations. We revised studies evaluating MSI both from a behavioral and neurobiological perspective in AN and BN. A search was performed in PubMed, PsychINFO, and Web Of Sciences databases to extract relevant articles. From 911 articles, 12 papers were included. Behavioral studies showed MSI impairments in AN; no studies instead were found concerning BN. Neuroimaging and neurofunctional studies revealed alterations across the whole brain, with noticeable changes at the level of the parietal regions in patients with AN. No significant cortical differences were instead observed between BN and controls. Results suggest MSI deficits in AN; further research should investigate MSI in BN since only one included study focused on this condition.
The role of psychosocial resources in explaining the development of socioeconomic inequalities in self-rated health and memory: a prospective study of older UK adults
Authors: Putra I Gusti Ngurah Edi , Daly Michael , Robinson Eric
Published: February 2023

We tested psychosocial resources in explaining the development of socioeconomic inequalities in self-rated health and memory over six years of follow-up in the English Longitudinal Study of Ageing. Self-rated health and memory declined more in the least affluent participants than in the wealthy. Psychosocial resources (a collection of measured psychological and social resources) explained 30% and 54% of socioeconomic inequalities in self-rated health and memory, respectively. Psychological components (e.g., depressive symptoms, eudemonic well-being) largely explained socioeconomic inequalities in both self-rated health and memory. Psychosocial pathways in explaining the development of health inequalities in later life warrant further testing.
Prolonged development of forced-choice recognition when targets are paired with non-corresponding lures
Authors: Rollins Leslie , Huffman Derek J. , Walters Lauren A. , Bennett Kaylee
Published: February 2023

Previous research suggests that mnemonic discrimination (i.e., the ability to discriminate between previously encountered and novel stimuli even when they are highly similar) improves substantially during childhood. To further understand the development of mnemonic discrimination during childhood, the present study had 4-year-old children, 6-year-old children, and young adults complete the forced-choice Mnemonic Similarity Task (MST). The forced-choice MST offers a significant advantage in the context of developmental research because it is not sensitive to age-related differences in response criteria and includes three test formats that are theorized to be supported by different cognitive processes. A target (i.e., a previously encountered item) is either paired with a novel item (A-X), a corresponding lure (A-A′; i.e., an item mnemonically similar to the target), or a non-corresponding lure (A-B′; i.e., items mnemonically similar to a different previously encoded item). We observed that 4-year-old children performed more poorly than 6-year-old children on the A-X and A-A′ test formats whereas both 4- and 6-year-old children performed more poorly than young adults on the A-B′ test format. The MINERVA 2.2 computational model effectively accounted for these age-related differences. The model suggested that 4-year-old children have a lower learning rate (i.e., probability of encoding stimulus features) than 6-year-old children and young adults and that both 4- and 6-year-old children have greater encoding variability than young adults. These findings provide new insight into possible mechanisms underlying memory development during childhood and serve as the basis for multiple avenues of future research.
KEGAGALAN BRAZIL DALAM MENGIMPLEMENTASIKAN PARIS AGREEMENT TAHUN 2015-2022
Authors: Firdausi Rayhan Fasya , Kamal Irfan Aditya , Hansa Irsyad Nabil Putra
Published: February 2023

Sebagai salah satu negara yang ikut dalam Paris Agreement, Brazil memiliki andil untuk ikut memenuhi tujuan dari kesepakatan tersebut di negaranya. Di satu sisi, Brazil merupakan salah satu negara yang mengalami krisis deforestasi, yang mana ini bertentangan dengan tujuan Paris Agreement itu sendiri, yaitu untuk meminimalisir emisi gas untuk mencapai target emisi net zero. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mencari tahu upaya-upaya apa saja yang dilakukan Brazil dalam memenuhi kesepakatan-kesepakatan dalam Paris Agreement untuk mencapai target emisi net zero di tengah-tengah krisis deforestasi yang sedang dialami oleh negaranya? Penelitian ini menggunakan teori implementasi kebijakan publik milik George C. Edward dengan empat variabel: komunikasi, sumberdaya, disposisi, dan struktur birokrasi. Dalam mewujudkan Paris Agreement, Brazil memiliki dua skema: Nationally Determined Contribution dan Reducing Emissions from Deforestation and Forest Degradation. Dua skema tersebut mengatur tentang target penurunan emisi dan pengurangan laju deforestasi. Hasil penelitian dari dua variabel (sumberdaya dan disposisi) menunjukkan bahwa Brazil gagal memenuhi tujuan Paris Agreement karena minimnya sumberdaya terutama dana dan tidak berjalannya fungsi disposisi.
Conceptualization of moral injury: A socio-cognitive perspective
Authors: Bonson Amanda , Murphy Dominic , Aldridge Vicky , Greenberg Neil , Williamson Victoria
Published: February 2023

LAY SUMMARY

This article looks at how moral injury (MI) may develop by considering what event features may be especially salient and cause MI and what experiences an individual may have after an event that might lead to the occurrence of a MI. It proposes that the beliefs someone has about themselves, others, and the world can be shaped by experiences in childhood and early life. Once an individual has experienced a potentially morally injurious event (PMIE) — for example, witnessing something that violates deeply held moral or ethical codes but being unable to stop it, doing something that violates these ethical codes, or experiencing a significant betrayal — they may try to make sense of it by changing the way they see the world, themselves, and others. This can lead to problems in the individual’s relationship with themselves and others, leading to feelings of shame and guilt and withdrawal from other people. Finally, for an event to be a PMIE, it must significantly challenge strongly held moral beliefs and a sense of right and wrong.
Possession, Politics, and Patriotism: The Influence of Christian Nationalism and Evangelical Horror Tropes onThe ConjuringandThe Conjuring 2
Authors: Doiron Zachary
Published: February 2023

This article studies evangelical horror fiction, such as the Left Behind series, Chick tracts, and the Hell House, which have been relatively popular in American evangelical communities. Despite being labeled as fiction, these horror stories have traditionally been consumed as reality and/or prophecy. Many have relied on Christian nationalist ideas, such as anti-gay and anti-abortion rhetoric, in their stories. While the relationship between evangelical horror and the Christian Right has impacted its evangelical consumers both theologically and politically, its transcendence into non-evangelical popular culture is less researched. This paper looks at how evangelical horror tropes, most of which are inspired by Christian nationalist ideology, have been appropriated by non-evangelical fiction. Analysis of The Conjuring and its sequel will reveal the adoption of many tropes often found in evangelical horror and the Christian Right.
Taxation of wealth and the rich as a social imperative
Authors: Andrushchenko Volodymyr , Rippa Maria , Tuchak Tetiana
Published: February 2023

The subject of the article is the problem of taxing the rich and wealth, which is among the topical topics of public interest. The study aimed to highlight the latest initiative of a group of American multimillionaires to increase the level of tax rates on this ultra-rich category of taxpayers. This initiative can be considered a solidarity tax. The task was to characterize the quantitative indicators of this initiative. The article is motivated by the striking fact that 400 American ultra-billionaires have a total wealth worth 4 thousand billion dollars! The role of the research method of the problem was carried out by analyzing the quantitative parameters and fiscal and administrative features of taxation of the rich. Results of work. First of all, the results of the study consist in the interpretation of the multicomponent concept of wealth as an object of taxation. The impossibility of a general income and property tax is revealed, such a tax exists only as an unrealized project. The fiscal and administrative reasons for the abandonment of the inheritance tax in 21 countries, including Austria, Canada, Sweden and Israel, are clarified. Conclusions. The arguments are presented that property taxes harm the processes of wealth creation and capital. For this reason, the share of property taxes in tax revenues has fallen from 42% to 14% since the beginning of the XX century. The most significant fiscal potential for strengthening the taxation of the rich are taxes on income and profits. A quantitative and institutional analysis of existing wealth taxes in Norway and Switzerland was carried out. A serious fiscal and administrative problem of wealth taxes is the valuation of taxable assets. The wealth taxes have very great, virtually inexhaustible scientific and practical potential.
Management of the competitiveness of enterprise products in modern conditions
Authors: Vynogradnya Vita , Chernyaev Oleksandr , Stetsenko Volodymyr
Published: February 2023

In the modern conditions of the development of market relations, the basis of the effective development and competitiveness of Ukrainian enterprises is the management of the competitiveness of their products. This makes it possible to create strong positions in the domestic and foreign markets. Taking into account all stages of the product life cycle, a correctly chosen product quality management strategy will make it possible to ensure the efficiency of the enterprise's development, its competitiveness, and to achieve an increase in the level of profit at all stages of development. The topicality of the topic is determined by the interest of enterprises in the results of their activities and the need to improve the quality of products or services, which in turn requires the improvement of the work of all services and divisions of the enterprise. The purpose of the article. Study of the essence of the competitiveness of the company's products, classification of its parameters and evaluation methods, determination of factors affecting the competitiveness of products in modern conditions. The methods used in the research process: the work uses the method of analysis, generalization, and deduction. Results of the work: The article examines the essence and features of managing the competitiveness of the company's products, its components and structural elements, as well as an analysis of methods of increasing the competitiveness of products in modern conditions. The main tasks and directions for increasing the competitiveness of the company's products in modern conditions have been established. The reasons and consequences of the decrease in the competitiveness of products at the current stage of the country's economic development are analyzed.
Development of marketing communications and organization of advertising campaigns in tourist enterprises
Authors: Romanіuk Iryna , Kucherenko Svitlana
Published: February 2023

The subject of research is theoretical and practical aspects of marketing communications management, including organization of advertising campaigns in the field of tourist enterprises. The purpose of the article is to substantiate ways of improving the management of marketing communications of tourist enterprises through the organization of PR activities and advertising campaigns. The methodological basis of the article is the theoretical provisions of the economy of enterprises, a set of general scientific and special research methods, including: systemic approach, monographic, statistical and economic, analysis and synthesis of economic information. Results of the article. It was determined that the management of marketing communications is an important component of the activities of tourist enterprises. Its elements are advertising campaigns and PR management tools. Therefore, the development of the structure and budget; determination of tools and implementation locations; selection of target audiences; evaluation of results are important areas of management improvement. The correct development of an advertising campaign for tourist enterprises is an important direction for improving the management of their activities. It means establishing its priority goals; development of an advertising budget, a list of advertising means; determination of the most effective place and time for placing advertising messages; monitoring and control of results; adjustment of management methods and tools if necessary. Field of application of results. The results can be used by tourism enterprises, territorial communities, regional and state authorities, public organizations, individual entrepreneurs and activists, institutions of higher education, scientific institutions. Conclusions. Advertising campaigns and other means of PR activity are an important part of marketing communications of tourist enterprises and their management. An advertising campaign allows you to control the promotion of tourist services, make adjustments to sales activities, create and consolidate among consumers a stable understanding of the advantages of the services of this particular tourist company. It is important to emphasize that, as shown by the experience of the advertising campaigns of the world's leading tourism companies, advertising must take into account the peculiarities of the country, region, social and political situation in society. Thus, the correct development of an advertising campaign involves establishing the priority goals of the campaign, its budget, and determining the most effective place and the time of placing advertising messages, the target audience – is one of the most important and relevant directions of improving the management of the development of tourist enterprises and their marketing communications.
Conceptual provisions for preserving economic security in the conditions of war and martial law
Authors: Antoshkin Vadim , Antoshkina Lidia
Published: February 2023

The subject of the research is conceptual provisions about the structure, components and threats of economic security in the conditions of martial law and war; possibilities of its preservation and maintenance. The purpose of the article is to substantiate the conceptual provisions regarding the structure and components of economic security in military conditions, as well as the possibilities of its preservation and support. The methodological basis of the article is the methods of dialectical unity and contradiction, historical, monographic, system-structural analysis and synthesis; statistical and economic methods (absolute and relative values, index, grouping and ranking), mathematical programming and modeling. Results of the article. It was revealed that the structure of economic security is formed by the following structural blocks: international politics, world economy, globalization processes; economic, state and public institutions; resources and productivity; ideology, strategies and models of the country's development; monitoring, methods of evaluation and diagnosis and forecasting. Factors affecting it are sources of formation and threats and risks of destruction. It was determined that the main threat to the economic security of Ukraine was the long-term Russian aggression and war, especially starting in 2022. It was not brutal, it led to the capture of approximately 20% of the territory; large-scale destruction of public infrastructure, energy, housing stock, industry and agriculture; displacement of millions of people; murders of hundreds of thousands of people; inflation and devaluation and threats of default; curtailment of social programs. Direct losses are accompanied by no less devastating indirect ones. Further measures to support economic security should be based on constant monitoring of not only the economic, but primarily the military situation, quantitative assessments and forecasts. Field of application of results. The conclusions of the article can be used in enterprises, institutions of higher education, research institutions, consulting organizations. Conclusions. Under these conditions, the state authorities, with the help of the international community, implemented the following measures for its preservation: the institutions of the executive power were optimized; millions of people and enterprises, institutions of higher education, etc., were relocated. to relatively safe places; budget expenditures were optimized and defense funding was increased; applied digital and online tools of activity and management. Law and order and personal safety of citizens in controlled territories are ensured; the integrity of the economy through the work of the banking, tax, customs systems, markets, trade and export-import operations. Further measures to support economic security should be based on constant monitoring of not only the economic, but primarily the military situation, quantitative assessments and forecasts.
INTELLIGENT CONTROL SYSTEM OF ALUMINUM CONTAINERS DRYING PROCESS
Authors: Kysliak Olha , Dudnyk Alla
Published: February 2023

The relevance is the wide use of aluminum containers in the food industry. The high quality of products is reached by keeping clear technological standards and using materials of the highest class in the manufacture of aluminum containers for long-term and safe storage of food products. Water-based paints and varnish are used for production, which helps to avoid the negative influence of the printing and varnishing process on the environment.

A neural network (also called an artificial neural network) is an adaptive system that learns by using interconnected nodes or neurons in a layered structure that resembles a human brain. A neural network can learn from data—so it can be trained to recognize patterns, classify data, and forecast future events. A neural network breaks down the input into layers of abstraction. It can be trained using many examples to recognize patterns in speech or images, for example, just as the human brain does. Its behavior is defined by the way its individual elements are connected and by the strength, or weights, of those connections. These weights are automatically adjusted during training according to a specified learning rule until the artificial neural network performs the desired task correctly. Neural networks are especially suitable for modeling non-linear relationships, and they are typically used to perform pattern recognition and classify objects or signals in speech, vision, and control systems. [2] In our case is control system of the temperature in the drying oven.
Investigating Increased CO2 Concentration on the pH of Various Plant Species
Authors: N. Agbedanu Prince
Published: February 2023

The concept of bioremediation is quickly becoming the norm in the resolution of environmental issues. The steady increase in carbon dioxide (CO2) levels, as documented by NASA [1], inspired scientists to engineer plants to absorb excess CO2 from the atmosphere. Here, we have explored the consequences of the uptake of excess CO2 by select plants. Carbon dioxide dissolves in H2O to produce H2CO3, which dissociates to yield H+ ions. We hypothesized that increased CO2 absorption results in decrease in pH of plant sap. Three plants (Byophyllum pinnatum, Romaine Lettuce and Nevada Lettuce), exposed to increased CO2 concentrations (15%), demonstrated a consistent increase in pH towards alkalinity compared to control plants. Based on the outcome being opposite of what we have hypothesized, our results suggest Byophyllum pinnatum, Romaine lettuce and Nevada lettuce, all have a unique homeostatic system to prevent over-absorption of CO2 in a CO2-rich environment.
Comparison of neurocognitive and quality-of-life outcomes in pediatric craniopharyngioma patients treated with partial resection and radiotherapy versus gross-total resection only
Authors: Aldave Guillermo , Okcu M. Fatih , Chintagumpala Murali , Ruggieri Lucia , Minard Charles G. , Malbari Fatema , Mash Lisa E. , Paulino Arnold C. , McGovern Susan , Ramaswamy Uma , Whitehead William , Kahalley Lisa S.
Published: February 2023

OBJECTIVE

The optimal management of pediatric craniopharyngioma patients remains controversial, shifting from radical resection (gross-total resection [GTR]) to a more conservative approach with partial resection/biopsy followed by radiotherapy (PR+RT). To the authors’ knowledge, no previous studies have compared neurocognitive and quality-of-life (QOL) outcomes between the two main treatments. In this study, the authors compared changes in intellectual, adaptive, and QOL scores in children treated for craniopharyngioma with GTR and those treated with PR+RT.

METHODS

Patients underwent annual neurocognitive and QOL evaluations for up to 10 years posttreatment, including the Full-Scale IQ, Verbal Comprehension Index (VCI), Perceptual Reasoning Index (PRI), Working Memory Index (WMI), and Processing Speed Index (PSI). Child- and parent-reported QOL scores and adaptive behavior in different domains were assessed. General linear mixed models were used to examine change in scores over time by treatment group with adjustment for significant covariates.

RESULTS

Scores from 43 patients treated between 2009 and 2019 (21 GTR, 22 PR+RT) were examined. Within the PR+RT group, 9 patients had intensity-modulated RT and 13 had proton beam therapy. The treatment groups were similar in sex (44% male) and age (median 7.3 years). There were no significant differences in the trajectory of intellectual functioning or QOL scale scores between the two groups. However, patients who underwent GTR exhibited significant improvement over time in overall adaptive behavior (p = 0.04) and conceptual skills (p = 0.01), which was not observed in patients treated with PR+RT.

CONCLUSIONS

Long-term pediatric craniopharyngioma survivors treated with GTR and PR+RT have similar intellectual function and QOL. Larger studies are needed to explore small but clinically significant differences between the two groups.
Cerebral pressure autoregulation and optimal cerebral perfusion pressure during neurocritical care of children with traumatic brain injury
Authors: Velle Fartein , Lewén Anders , Howells Timothy , Hånell Anders , Nilsson Pelle , Enblad Per
Published: February 2023

OBJECTIVE

The management of cerebral perfusion pressure (CPP) is a challenge in children with traumatic brain injury (TBI) because the normal blood pressure is age dependent and the role of cerebral pressure autoregulation (CPA) is unclear. In this study, the authors aimed to examine the pressure reactivity index (PRx), CPP, optimal CPP (CPPopt), and deviations from CPPopt (ΔCPPopt) in a series of children with TBI generally and regarding age relations, temporal changes, and the influence on outcome.

METHODS

Intracranial pressure (ICP) and mean arterial pressure (MAP) monitoring data were collected during neurointensive care in 57 children who sustained a TBI and were ≤ 17 years of age. CPP, PRx, CPPopt, and ΔCPPopt (actual CPP − CPPopt) were calculated. Clinical outcomes at 6 months postinjury were dichotomized into favorable outcomes (Glasgow Outcome Scale [GOS] score 4 or 5) and unfavorable outcomes (GOS scores 1–3).

RESULTS

The median patient age was 15 (range 0.5–17) years, and the median Glasgow Coma Scale motor score at admission was 5 (range 2–5). Forty-nine (86%) of the 57 patients had favorable outcomes. For the entire group, lower PRx (better preserved CPA) was associated with a more favorable outcome (p = 0.023, ANCOVA adjusted for age). When the children were divided into age groups, this finding was statistically significant in children ≤ 15 years of age (p = 0.016), but not in children ≥ 16 years (p = 0.528). In children ≤ 15 years, a lower proportion of time with ΔCPPopt < −10% was significantly associated with a favorable outcome (p = 0.038), but not in the older age group. Temporal analysis indicated that PRx was higher (more impaired CPA) from day 4 and CPPopt was higher from day 6 in the unfavorable outcome group compared with the favorable outcome group, although those findings were not significant.

CONCLUSIONS

Impaired CPA is related to poor outcome, particularly in children ≤ 15 years of age. In that age group, actual CPP below the CPPopt level contributed significantly to unfavorable outcome, while levels close to or above the CPPopt were unrelated to outcome. CPPopt appears to be higher during the time period when CPA is most impaired.
Analisis Kesalahan Sintaksis Bahasa Indonesia Dalam Karangan
Authors: Sari Rusfita , Missriani  , Yessi Fitriani
Published: February 2023

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan bentuk kesalahan berbahasasintaksis yang meliputi : (1) kesalahan penggunaan sintaksis berupa frasa padakerangka penulisan siswa kelas X SMK Negeri 8 Palembang, (2) kesalahanpenggunaan sintaksis berupa kalimat pada teks eksposisi siswa kelas X SMKNegeri 8 Palembang. Subjek penelitian ini adalah teks eksposisi siswa kelasX SMKNegeri 8 Palembang tahun pembelajaran 2022/2023. Objek penelitian ini adalahkalimat yang mengandung unsur kesalahan sintaksis. Metode penelitian yangdigunakan adalah metode deskriptif kualitatif, yaitu mendeskripsikan suatukeadaan alamiah mengenai kesalahan penggunaan sintaksis pada teks eksposisisiswa kelas X SMK Negeri 8 Palembang. Untuk menemukan danmengklasifikasikan kalimat yang mengandung unsur kesalahan sintaksis digunakanteknik membaca dan mencatat. Instrumen pada penelitian ini adalah peneliti sendiri.Hasil penelitian kesalahan berbahasa tataran sintaksis pada teks eksposisi siswakelas X SMK Negeri 8 Palembang ada dua. Pertama, kesalahan penggunaansintaksis berupa frasa sebesar 32,98% meliputi enam kesalahan, yaitu : penggunaanpreposisi yang tidak tepat, susunan kata yang tidak tepat, penggunaan unsur yangberlebihan atau mubazir, penggunaan bentuk superlatif yang berlebihan,penjamakan yang ganda, dan penggunaan bentuk resiprokal yang tidak tepat.Kedua, kesalahan penggunaan sintaksis berupa kalimat sebesar 67,02% meliputitujuh kesalahan, yaitu : kalimat yang tidak berpredikat, kalimat yang tidakbersubjek dan tidak berpredikat (kalimat buntung), kalimat yang tidak logis,penggunaan kata tanya yang tidak perlu, urutan yang tidak paralel, penghilangankonjungsi, dan penggunaan konjungsi yang berlebihan.
SOFTWARE IMPLEMENTATION OF ITERATIVE ALGORITHMS FOR SOLVING A PLANAR PHYSICALLY NONLINEAR PROBLEM
Authors:   Khmelnytskyi National University, BAHRII Olena
Published: February 2023

To solve physically nonlinear problems, specialized software solutions based on the procedures of MSE, FDM, BEM, etc. are used. The article provides an overview of software complexes that allow solving problems in various fields of science and technology. To solve a planar physically nonlinear problem, it is irrational to use the considered systems in most cases since they are closed software complexes, making it impossible to modify the algorithm partially. The difference between software systems is only in the “nonlinear” part, where a specific algorithm for solving a specific problem is implemented. The proposed software implementation of iterative algorithms for solving a plane physically nonlinear problem consists of several independent modules, each of which performs a separate calculation stage. The principle of the iterative algorithm is that a complex physically nonlinear problem is solved step by step. At each stage, a linear problem is solved, in which the values of the deformation parameters are assigned depending on the level of stresses and strains in each element reached at the previous stage. The iterative algorithm is implemented based on the specialized GEO software package developed at the Department of Strength of Materials of KhNU. The complex implies the possibility of replacing a “nonlinear” program block, depending on the type of nonlinear relations adopted in the model. The nonlinear block considered the features of the deformation of a discrete medium, namely, the accepted nonlinear dependencies of a particular material. In the calculation process, the divergence with the linear solution is checked at each iteration until the required accuracy is achieved. This allows simulating the deformation process of a flat area filled with a discrete material.
RESEARCH OF SYNCHRONIZATION CIRCUITS FOR DIGITAL COMMUNICATION SYSTEMS
Authors: BOIKO Juliy , MOKRYTSKY Andriy ,   Khmelnytskyi National University, PYATIN Ilya ,   Khmelnytskyi Polytechnic, Professional College by Lviv Polytechnic National University
Published: February 2023

In a digital communication system, the transmitter and receiver have several generators for modulation and demodulation; increasing and decreasing the sampling frequency; synchronization of symbols and bit streams. The causes of phase and carrier frequency errors are the instability of the frequency of the local generators of the transmitter and receiver; presence of Doppler frequency shift; signal propagation delay from the transmitter to the receiver. Synchronization circuits of modern digital communication systems are built on the basis of phase-locked loop (PLL). The purpose of the work is: research of various characteristics of the digital PLL (locking time; established error; transient behavior) for various types of input action; study of the bit error rate of a coherent digital communication system. The PLL consists of the following components: a phase detector that generates a signal that varies in proportion to the phase difference between the input signal and a locally generated sinusoid; controlled generator that generates an output signal whose phase and frequency depends on the input signal; loop filter, which removes unwanted high-frequency components in the output signal of the phase detector and forms a signal that controls the NCO. During adaptation, the PLL has some transient process that depends, in particular, on three factors: the presence of a zero-phase error is determined by the PLL contour filter; the determined bandwidth of the circuit and the initial deviation between the input and reference frequencies affect the PLL adaptation time; the attenuation coefficient of the PLL affects the adaptation behavior: the speed and magnitude of emissions. The study of the output signal of the linear PLL model for damping factor , and , and we will use an input signal of the step function type, linear voltage changes and hyperbola. type 1, type 2, and type 3 PLLs can adapt to a zero-error step input. If the input signal is a linearly varying voltage, PLL types 2 and 3 can adapt with zero phase error, while type 1 adapts with a residual phase error. For hyperbola input, only type 3 PLL can fully adapt: type 2 adapts with residual error, while type 1 cannot adapt. The damping factor should be in the range of . When changing the input signal frequency from 3.55 MHz to 3.72 MHz, the capture time of the type 2 PLL changes from about 150 μs to about 600 μs, that is, when the frequency increases by 170 kHz, the capture time increases almost four times. The error that has occurred is affected by the choice of the contour filter and the features of the synchronization.
APPLICATION OF MULTIFACTOR DISPERSION ANALYSIS WITH THE PURPOSE OF QUALITATIVE ASSESSMENT OF THE INFLUENCE OF FACTORS ON THE SENSITIVITY OF THE CAPACITIVE HUMIDITY SENSOR
Authors:   Vinnytsia National Technical University, KRYLIK Lyudmila
Published: February 2023

In order to qualitatively assess the influence of such factors as the thickness of the moisture-sensitive layer, the concentration of the NaCl salt solution as an adsorbing material and their combined effect on the sensitivity of the capacitive humidity sensor, a multivariate dispersion analysis was used. Capacitive humidity sensors served as experimental samples. Capacitive humidity sensors are made on a 0.7×0.9 mm sitall substrate. A copper film is applied to the surface of the sitall substrate, which forms the covers of the capacitive humidity sensors in the form of a meander with the appropriate geometry of 7.85·10-2×150·10-6×1.2·10-6 m. In such a design, the moisture-sensitive layer is hygroscopic salt, which serves as a dielectric. To create a moisture-sensitive film, solutions of hygroscopic salt NaCl with concentrations of 0.89 mol/l and 5.33 mol/l were used. They were applied to the surface of capacitive humidity sensors with a spray gun at a distance of 40-50 cm with thicknesses of 5.0 μm and 10.0 μm. A multifactor plan was developed in the case of two qualitative factors. The research results were obtained on the basis of the comparison of the factor variance, which is due to the influence of the factor, and the residual variance, which is due to the influence of random causes. Factorial and residual variance were compared using the value of Fisher’s test. Using multivariate dispersion analysis, it was found that the concentration of the NaCl salt solution has a significant influence on the response of the model, namely the sensitivity of the capacitive humidity sensor. In this case, the value of Fisher’s criterion observed in the experiment significantly exceeds the critical value of Fisher’s criterion, namely 22.77>4.75 (F>Fck). The influence of such factors as the thickness of the moisture-sensitive layer and the combined effect of the thickness of the moisture-sensitive layer and the concentration of the salt solution is insignificant, i.e. the difference in the response values ​​of the model is related to its random nature rather than to the change in the value of the factor. Using the dispersion analysis of the influence of the factor, it was proved that regardless of the design of the capacitive humidity sensors, the concentration of the salt solution used to create the moisture-sensitive layer significantly affects the sensitivity of the capacitive humidity sensor.
ASPECTS OF THE IMPLEMENTATION OF SOLAR ENERGY IN THE CONDITIONS OF AVIATION ENTERPRISES
Authors: BOYKO Serhiy , KOTOV Olesiy ,   National University Zaporizhzhia Polytechnic, VYSHNEVSKY Svyatoslav ,   Vinnytsia National Technical University, SHKOKIN Vadim ,   Kryvyi Rih National University, HUSAROVA Oksana ,   Kremenchug Flight College of Kharkiv University of Internal Affairs
Published: February 2023

Taking into account modern realities and the importance of the aviation component in the transport and logistics system of Ukraine, an important factor today is the maintenance of aviation security at the appropriate level of the enterprises of the aviation industry of Ukraine. The research results of various industrial facilities showed that they have different specifics of the technological process and their unique features of the implementation of distributed generation sources. One of the important components in this case is the electricity supply of the specified objects. Meanwhile, there may be some obstacles within the airport territory: natural – terrain relief (highlands, mountains) and high vegetation; artificial – buildings, structures, the height of which is limited by conventional horizontal and inclined planes. The main reason for the growing interest in solar energy is the falling cost of generated electricity. 20 years ago, the production of one kilowatt cost 1 euro. Today, in countries rich in the sun, 1 kW costs less than 10 euro cents, and in some regions 6-7 cents.The possibility and specifics of the operation of a solar power plant (SPP) in the conditions of operating aviation enterprises were analyzed. Therefore, it is possible to consider the airfield area as a potential training ground for the installation of solar photo-electric installations. In order to solve the problem of improving the aviation safety of the objects of the aviation industry of Ukraine, the possibility and peculiarities of the introduction of solar energy in the languages of enterprises of the specified industry were analyzed. A mathematical model of a solar photovoltaic installation was proposed, which makes it possible to evaluate the influence of energy characteristics depending on external factors.
DEVELOPMENT OF A HIGH-PERFORMANCE HOLDING MACHINE WITH COMPLEX SPATIAL MOVEMENT OF TWO WORKING CAPACITIES
Authors:   Kyiv National University of Technology and Design, Open International University of Human Development “Ukraine”, ZALYUBOVSKYI Mark  , PANASYUK Igor ,   Kyiv National University of Technology and Design
Published: February 2023

A new design of the galvanizing machine is proposed, which is equipped with two working tanks that perform complex spatial movement. The structure and principle of operation of the developed design of the machine are accurately described. The developed design of the machine with two capacities that perform complex spatial movement allows to increase considerably productivity of processing of details due to the fact that there is a possibility to carry out two different thawing technological operations on one machine or to process two parties of different details at the same time. The design of the machine, during operation, allows to involve in working process, both both working capacities, and one. Equipping the machine with a special drive design with four Hook hinges allows to reproduce the required law of change of angular velocity on each driving shaft of the machine, the implementation of which will create conditions that will ensure the same intensity of the working array between opposite ends of the tank in opposite directions. process, as well as uniform dynamic loading of all moving parts. Analytical studies were performed, within which some geometrical parameters of the machine design were determined, in particular, the value of the angle α between the axes of the shafts of each Hook hinge was established, which will ensure the implementation of the required angular velocity law on the machine drive shaft. The relationship between the extreme values of the law of change of the angular velocity of the driving shafts of the machine and the magnitude of the angles in each Hook hinge is established. The obtained results of analytical research can be used in the relevant design offices of machine-building enterprises at the stage of designing galvanizing equipment with complex spatial movement of working tanks.
AUTOMATICAL MEASURING DEVICE FOR RESEARCHING THE ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF PHOTOELECTRIC MODULES
Authors: KOVAL Vadym , OROBCHUK Bogdan , OSADTSA Yaroslav , KOSTYK Liubov ,   Ternopil National Ivan Puluj Technical University
Published: February 2023

The article describes the developed and manufactured measuring device for measuring the electrical characteristics of photovoltaic modules depending on their temperature and radiation spectrum. The measuring device consists of a hardware and a software part. The basis for the hardware part is a personal computer with a built-in measuring board of a 16-bit analog-to-digital converter. The analog-to-digital converter processes signals from measuring current, voltage and temperature converters. As measuring current converters, shunts made of high-precision non-inductive resistance resistors were used. To measure a voltage greater than 5 V, dividers of the НP-9258 and НP-9251 type with conversion factors of 1:100 and 1:10, respectively, were used. The measuring device controls the load made of non-inductive active elements. In order to change the spectral composition of radiation, four light filters are used, which transmit light with wavelengths in the red, yellow, green and blue region of the spectrum. After replacing them on the radiation source, the energy of the incident radiation must be set at the level of 1000 W/m2. The software that provides the measurement process is written in the Delphi programming language and works, according to the algorithm, in automatic and manual modes. Using the measuring device the volt-ampere and volt-watt characteristics of the photovoltaic module were obtained depending on its temperature and radiation spectrum. The measuring device works in manual and automatic modes. In manual mode you can measure at least one volt-ampere characteristic, and if necessary, any number of them. In automatic mode, measurements of the current-voltage characteristics of the photovoltaic module are performed as many times as necessary to complete the transition process of heating the photovoltaic module to a certain temperature. The developed measuring device was used to study the monocrystalline photovoltaic module. The volt-ampere and volt-watt dependences of the photovoltaic module were obtained, depending on its temperature and radiation spectrum. Conclusions were made regarding the sensitivity of the photovoltaic module to the spectrum of radiation in the visible range and the decrease in energy efficiency with increasing temperature.
INTERACTIVE GRAPHIC APPLICATION FOR IMAGE COLORATION
Authors: KRYVENCHUK Yurii , VASYLYK Rostyslav ,   Lviv Polytechnic National University
Published: February 2023

Nowadays we have thousands of products related to image adjusting adding filters, blurring, removing noise, etc. Also, we have applications related to image coloration, however, their functionality is quite narrow. With the help of the interactive graphic application for image coloration, it would be easier to adjust, particularly recolor, fully recolor, and even color black and white images from scratch. The application considers users’ choices by interactive instruments: texting the preferred color by some phrase “once in a blue moon”, choosing colors with a color picker, choosing a palette, choosing a palette with random colors, and adjusting a palette. All these instruments are applied to both color and black & white images. An example of using this application is in urban planning or design, where it is quite taught work for architects to make up with the idea of a new color palette for the particular project. For such cases, we eve provided functionality for fully coloring some raw project in form of black & white image. The paper has the description and the results of the creation of a graphic application, the basis of which are: windows graphical user interface, mathematical clustering method K-means, and a convolutional neural network. Using of clustering method K-means deserves a separate section, as there was used not the primary method, but modified – the applying of k-means to colors of an image, each iteration of the algorithm touches every pixel in the image, it is expensive for volumetric images, thus after analyzing different approaches, I decided to choose the so-called weighted K-means approach, in which each point C represents a certain number of pixels, the array of C point is called bins. In addition to the clustering method, the system uses the recurrent neural network to process text values or generate colors. As the result, user can connect to the system through a simple windows graphical interface that allows him to upload the image for further processing. The practical value of this work is the developed high-quality application which is ready for use and implementation in the relevant fields.
CONSTRUCTION AND VERIFICATION OF A DIGITAL EQUALIZER MODEL
Authors: KUDLAI Vladyslav , BONDARENKO Nataliia , BONDARENKO Viktor ,   National Technical University of Ukraine «Igor Sikorsky Kyiv Polytechnic Institute»
Published: February 2023

An approach to the development of an equalizer by building its mathematical model based on a microcontroller is proposed. All operations, including signal processing and equalizer kernel calculation, are performed by a single microcontroller. Thanks to the created mathematical model of the equalizer, the calculation of the kernel is reduced to multiple uses of relatively simple operations, which saves time and memory of the program. The equalizer provides satisfactory processing quality at a small filter order which is selected as a digital filter with final impulse response (FIR) because of its linear phase-frequency response, a guarantee of stability at the complex amplitude-frequency response, and also its associativity and linearity allowing it easily reproduce a complex amplitude-frequency response. Schematic implementation is based on parallel bandpass filters and a low-pass filter followed by adding filtered and amplified signals. It is the distributive property of the FIR filter that makes it possible to obtain a new kernel that includes all the amplified ranges by the sum of the corresponding kernel elements, instead of adding amplified ranges. The associativity and linearity of the FIR filter gives the opportunity to easily implement different types of filters on the basis of a low-pass filter, for the calculation of which the cardinal sine function is used together with the window function, which in combination gives qualitative frequency characteristics. The low-pass filter kernel and equalizer model are verified in the GNU Octave environment, which is an open-source analogue of Matlab. The model is checked by setting the frequency response of the test equalizer, and for individual filters the allowable width of the transition band and the maximum value of pulsation in the suppression band are set. The low-pass filter kernel is created with an arbitrary cutoff frequency, and the filter consists of 129 elements, which were multiplied by the Kaiser window with a value of parameter equal to 4.5. As a result of verification of the mathematical model in the GNU Octave environment, the width of the transition band and the maximum value of pulsation in the suppression band meet the specified conditions. The simulated equalizer kernel fully corresponds to the specified frequency response. Verification of the mathematical model confirmed its efficiency and compliance of the obtained characteristics of the equalizer with the specified requirements.