bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Problematika Penerapan Kurikulum 2013 pada Lembaga Pendidikan Anak Usia Dini di Kecamatan Bululawang
Authors: Lupi Nurias Zetya Nawang
Published: July 2019

The Problem of Application of Curriculum 2013 At Early Childhood Education Institution In Bululawang Subdistrict. The curriculum is seen as the heart of an educational program. The curriculum can be viewed as a strategy and means designed to achieve nationally defined educational goals. All educators and managers of the early childhood should understand the framework and structure of curriculum 2013 Early Childhood Education for the implementation of early childhood programs in accordance with the goals set. But at this time there are still many early childhood education institutions that are still not able to apply the 2013 curriculum on learning activities. Seeing that, the researcher is interested to examine the problems of implementing the curriculum of early childhood institutions in kec. Bululawang Kab. Poor. This research uses qualitative research method, this research is conducted for 3 months, the problems are in the beginning starting from planning, implementation and evaluation of curriculum 2013 in PAUD institution. In the district of Bululawang Kab, Malang in the implementation of the lesson is still not much that apply the curriculum K13 due to lack of pemahan about curriculum 2013. In the implementation of the curriculum in 2013 the most important role is educators, the level of creativity of educators will affect the implementation of learning fun for children more creative teachers in conveying materials in the learning process, the easier the learner will receive the material delivered, that's where the success of the implementation of the 2013 curriculum in PAUD institutions.
Pengembangan Multimedia Pembelajaran Menggunakan Adobe Flash Mengenal Konsep dan Lambang Bilangan PAUD
Authors: Sasongko Nurdiansah Dwi
Published: July 2019

This study aims to produce multimedia products to recognize the concept and symbol of PAUD numbers are feasible to use in the learning process. The feasibility of multimedia learning in terms of material aspects, learning, display and programming with validation of material experts and media experts. In the implementation phase of feasibility in terms of attractiveness, ease of use and clarity assessed by the child. This research method is research and development method of R & D with ADDIE learning design model that is (1) Analysis (2) Design (3) Development (4) Implementation (5) Evaluation. The result of the feasibility of multimedia data obtained from the average validation of material experts is 0.90 with the category "very high" and the average media expert validation is 0.94 with the category "very high". The result of implementation in PAUD Mutiara Kasih Kebumen viewed from the aspect of attractiveness, easiness and clarity of multimedia product with the average field test result of each aspect is 93,3% with "very high" category. Based on the results of validation of material experts and media experts and field trials concluded that multimedia learning products using adobe flash CS6 program is feasible to be used in the learning process to know the concept and symbol of the numbers for early childhood.
Pengaruh Permainan Tradisional Engklek Terhadap Perkembangan Kognitif Anak Usia 5-6 Tahun
Authors: Pertiwi Dwi Ana , Fitroh Siti Fadjryana , Mayangsari Dewi
Published: July 2019

This study aims to determine the effect of traditional games on children cognitive development aged 5-6 years in TK Tarbiyatul Athfal Jaddih, Socah District Bangkalan rege. The game is able to increase affiliation with peers, reduce stress, and improve cognitive development. This game has been proved to increase affiliation with peers, reduce the pressure, and improve children cognitive development. This “englek” traditional games is utilized to stimulate cognitive development in the naming of numbers 1-20 and match numbers with symbols of numbers. This research employed quantitative method with Pre-experimental approach in the form of one group pretestposttest. Subjects in this study were 11 students aged 5-6 years in kindergarten Tarbiyatul Athfal. The data collection was carried out by conducting observation and documentation in the form images of the activities and daily lesson plan. Data analysis was executed by conducting statistical analysis technique of parametris in the form of t-test with data gathered from the result of pretest and posttest. The results obtained at the pretest, there were 2 children have low score and 9 children have been successfully on middle score. The Posttest was carried after giving treatment using “englek” traditional game found 2 children started to grow, 5 children developed as expected, and 4 children developed very well. The result of t-test showed that the value t count is -5,83 and t table 2,086, then -2,086> -5,83 so that Ha was accepted. This finding shows that there is a significant effect of "englek" traditional game on children cognitive development aged 5-6 years in TK tarbiyatul athfal jaddih, Socah District Bangkalan Regency. 
Expression analysis of Rab11 during zebrafish embryonic development
Authors: Zhang Haijun , Gao Yu , Dong Zhangji , Hao Wenjin , Liu Dong , Duan Xuchu
Published: July 2019

Background: Rab proteins are GTPases responsible for intracellular vesicular trafficking regulation. Rab11 proteins, members of the Rab GTPase family, are known to regulate vesicular recycling during embryonic development. In zebrafish, there are 3 rab11 paralogues, known as rab11a, rab11ba and rab11bb, sharing high identity with each other. However, the expression analysis of rab11 is so far lacking.
Results: Here, by phylogeny analysis, we found the three rab11 genes are highly conserved especially for their GTPase domains. We examined the expression patterns of rab11a, rab11ba and rab11bb using RT-PCR and in situ hybridization. We found that all the three genes were highly enriched in the central nervous system, but in different areas of the brain. Apart from brain, rab11a was also expressed in caudal vein, pronephric duct, proctodeum, pharyngeal arches and digestive duct, rab11ba was detected to express in muscle, and rab11bb was expressed in kidney, fin and spinal cord. Different from rab11a and rab11ba, which both have maternal expressions in embryos, rab11bb only expresses during 24hpf to 96hpf.
Conclusions: Our results suggest that rab11 genes play important but distinct roles in the development of the nervous system in zebrafish. The findings could provide new evidences for better understanding the functions of rab11 in the development of zebrafish embryos.
Lack of association between intraoperative handoff of care and postoperative complications: a retrospective observational study
Authors: O'Reilly-Shah Vikas N , Melanson Victoria G , Sullivan Cinnamon L , Jabaley Craig S , Lynde Grant C
Published: July 2019

Background:
The significance of intraoperative anesthesia handoffs on patient outcomes are unclear. While clearly an opportunity for inadequate communication, resulting in lapses of care, the literature has displayed mixed results. One possibility for this is inadequate treatment of confounding factors, such as patient comorbidities and surgery time of day. We performed this study to quantify the significance of confounding variables on composite adverse events during intraoperative anesthesia handoffs.
Methods:
In this retrospective study, we analyzed data from the American College of Surgeons National Surgical Quality Improvement Project (ACS NSQIP). We examined the effects of intraoperative handoffs between anesthesia personnel. A total of 12,111 cases performed examined at two hospitals in a single healthcare system that were that included in the ACS NSQIP database performed. The presence of attending and anesthetist or resident handoffs, patient age, sex, body mass index, American Society of Anesthesiologists Physical Status (ASA-PS) classification, case length, surgical case complexity, and evening/weekend start time were measured.
Results:
A total of 2,586 of all cases in the NSQIP dataset experienced a handoff during the case. When analyzed as a single variable, attending handoffs were associated with higher rates of adverse outcomes. However, once confounding variables were added into the analysis, attending handoffs and complete care transitions were no longer statistically significant.
Conclusions:
Inclusion of significant covariates is essential to fully understanding the impact provider handoffs have on patient outcomes. Case timing and lengthy case duration are more likely to result in both a handoff and an adverse event. Communication lapses during intraoperative handoffs are a potential source of medical error, the effects of which are difficult to quantify.
Comparison open liver resection and RFA on the treatment of solitary 3-5cm hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Lei Jianyong , Yan LN , Li DJ , Wang WT
Published: July 2019

Aim

The goal of this study is to compare the postoperative results of liver resection and radiofrequency ablation (RFA) for the treatment of small hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) (3-5cm).

Patients and methods

We retrospectively collected 122 patients with small solitary HCC treated at our center, with diameters in the range of 3-5cm. According to the treatment program received at our center, they are divided into the liver resection group (72 cases) and the RFA group (50 cases).

Result

In comparison with the RFA group, the resection group requires a longer operative time, and the intra-operative blood loss is more (P<0.01); there is also more hepatic inflow occlusion, and the postoperative days of hospital stay are significantly longer (P<0.01). The 1-, 3-, and 5- year expected overall survival rates and tumor-free survival rates are comparable between two groups. Cox regression analysis showed that resection or RFA was not a significant risk factor for overall or tumor-free survival for HCC.

Conclusions

For solitary HCC of 3-5cm, RFA can achieve better hospital clinical results and similar long-term outcome, and RFA can be considered for wide application especially for central cases.
Plasma mitochondrial DNA level as an early marker of systemic inflammatory response syndrome and organ failure in patients undergoing cardiac surgery
Authors: Zabelina T. , Grebenchikov O. , Skripkin Yu. , Yavorovsky A. , Lihvantsev V.
Published: July 2019

Aim. To assess whether plasma mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) levels in the early postoperative period can predict the development of systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) and multiple organ failure in patients undergoing cardiac surgery.
Methods. This pilot, prospective, observational, cohort study included 85 patients undergoing cardiac surgery. Plasma mtDNA levels were determined immediately after the surgery, and the development of SIRS, acute kidney injury, acute heart failure, and adult respiratory distress syndrome was assessed.
Results. The mtDNA levels showed good potential for predicting the development of SIRS within 1-2 days after the surgery (area under the curve = 0.74). Regarding the cut-off point, a mtDNA level of >0.54 ng/mL predicted the development of SIRS in the early postoperative period with a sensitivity of 73.7% and a specificity of 66%. The odds ratio for the development of acute kidney injury with/without SIRS was 3.4 [confidence interval (CI) = 1.27–9.08; p = 0.0149]; acute heart failure, 5.7 (CI = 2.20–14.84; p = 0.0003); and adult respiratory distress syndrome, 3.6 (CI = 1.01–11.10; p = 0.047).
Conclusion. The plasma mtDNA levels in the early postoperative period can be used as a predictive marker for the development of SIRS and multiple organ failure in patients undergoing cardiac surgery. Moreover, SIRS is associated with the development of acute kidney injury, acute heart failure, and adult respiratory distress syndrome.
Received 25 March 2019. Revised 3 April 2019. Accepted 8 April 2019.
Funding: The study did not have sponsorship.
Conflict of interest: Authors declare no conflict of interest.
Prognostic significance of microRNAs in survival of patients with supratentorial gliomas
Authors: Stupak E. , Titov S. , Versyaskina Yu. , Akhmerova L. , Zhimulyov I. , Stupak V. , Rabinovich S. , Simonovich A. , Dolzhenko D.
Published: July 2019

Aim. To identify novel microRNA markers as survival predictors in patients with supratentorial gliomas.Methods. This study involved the analysis of tumour and normal brain tissue biopsy samples obtained from patients undergoing combination treatment for supratentorial gliomas of different World Health Organization (WHO) grades. Real-time polymerase chain reaction was used to determine the expression profiles of ten microRNAs, following comparison with clinical treatment results: tumour morphology, WHO grade, patient age, Karnofsky scale, treatment type, postsurgical survival rate and histological diagnosis. The mean age of surgically treated patients [62 (57.9%) males and 45 (42.1%) females] was 48.8 ± 14 years. There were 17 (16%), 30 (28%) and 60 (56%) patients with grade II, III and IV (glioblastoma) gliomas, respectively. Statistical analysis was performed using Statistica version 10.0 and GraphPad Prism version 5.Results. Four microRNAs (miRNA-31, miRNA-21, miRNA-223 and miRNA-221) were strongly correlated with worse survival, when over-expressed, indicating their potential utility as survival predictors in glioma patients. Overexpression of these microRNAs in glioma tissue, lack of adjuvant therapy such as chemotherapy or radiotherapy and age > 48 years were identified as factors for worse prognosis.
Received 14 May 2019. Revised 21 June 2019. Accepted 25 June 2019.
Funding: This work was supported by the program of fundamental scientific research on the topic 0310-2019-0003.
Conflict of interest: The authors declare no conflict of interest.
Palliative stenting in a newborn with critical coarctation of the aorta
Authors: Soynov I. , Kulyabin Yu. , Gorbatykh A. , Voytov A. , Omelchenko A. , Gorbatykh Yu. , Ivantsov S. , Arkhipov A.
Published: July 2019

Newborns with critical coarctation of the aorta with a closed arterial duct often require surgical repair. Primary repair is associated with a high risk of unfavorable outcomes owing to severe systemic outflow obstruction and multiple organ failure. We present the case of a premature male newborn (weight = 1.9 kg) with critical coarctation of the aorta and multiple organ dysfunction syndrome with a closed arterial duct who successfully underwent isthmus stenting as a palliative step before surgical repair. The indication for primary stent implantation was decompensated metabolic acidosis. For stenting, the retroperitoneal approach was selected, and elective surgical cut-down of the right iliac artery was performed. Standard coronary stents (diameter = 4 mm; length = 13 mm) were delivered via a 4F sheath. The right iliac artery was repaired after sheath removal. The procedure was successful, and there were no procedural complications. Four days after stent implantation, the patient was stable, and he then underwent surgery. The coronary stent was extracted, the aortic isthmus was divided, and an extended anastomosis was created. The surgery was performed without complications. On the fourth day, the newborn was transferred from the intensive care unit to the ward, and on the fifteenth day, he was discharged from the hospital in good condition. Hence, palliative stenting is beneficial in newborns with critical aortic coarctation in the decompensated state because it stabilizes and prepares them for subsequent radical surgery, thereby reducing the risk of severe complications and mortality.
Received 3 October 2018. Accepted 11 December 2018.
Informed consent: The written informed consent has been obtained from the patient’s parents for this publication.
Funding: The study did not have sponsorship.
Conflict of interest: Authors declare no conflict of interest.
Acknowledgment: We express our gratitude to Melina G. Galstyan for technical support in article writing.
Overview of the Interplay Between Cell Wall Integrity Signaling Pathways and Membrane Lipid Biosynthesis in Fungi: Perspectives forAspergillus fumigatus
Authors: Fabri João Henrique T.M. , Rocha Marina C. , Malavazi Iran
Published: July 2019

:

The cell wall (CW) and plasma membrane are fundamental structures that define cell shape and support different cellular functions. In pathogenic fungi, such as Aspegillus fumigatus, they not only play structural roles but are also important for virulence and immune recognition. Both the CW and the plasma membrane remain as attractive drug targets to treat fungal infections, such as the Invasive Pulmonary Aspergillosis (IPA), a disease associated with high morbimortality in immunocompromised individuals. The low efficiency of echinocandins that target the fungal CW biosynthesis, the occurrence of environmental isolates resistant to azoles such as voriconazole and the known drawbacks associated with amphotericin toxicity foster the urgent need for fungal-specific drugable targets and/or more efficient combinatorial therapeutic strategies. Reverse genetic approaches in fungi unveil that perturbations of the CW also render cells with increased susceptibility to membrane disrupting agents and vice-versa. However, how the fungal cells simultaneously cope with perturbation in CW polysaccharides and cell membrane proteins to allow morphogenesis is scarcely known. Here, we focus on current information on how the main signaling pathways that maintain fungal cell wall integrity, such as the Cell Wall Integrity and the High Osmolarity Glycerol pathways, in different species often cross-talk to regulate the synthesis of molecules that comprise the plasma membrane, especially sphingolipids, ergosterol and phospholipids to promote functioning of both structures concomitantly and thus, cell viability. We propose that the conclusions drawn from other organisms are the foundations to point out experimental lines that can be endeavored in A. fumigatus.
In Silico Screening Reveals Histone Deacetylase 7 and ERK1/2 as Potential Targets for Artemisinin Dimer and Artemisinin Dimer Hemisuccinate
Authors: Ishola Ahmed A. , Adewole Kayode E.
Published: July 2019

Background:

Recent studies have observed overexpression of histone deacetylase 7
(HDAC7) and overactivity of extracellular signal-regulated kinases 1/2 (ERK1/2) in many tumors;
therefore, pharmacological interventions to inhibit overexpression of HDAC7 and overactivity of
ERK1/2 in cancerous cells holds great promise in cancer treatment. The promising anticancer
properties of artemisinin and artemisinin-derivatives (ARTs) have been validated by various experimental
reports, including advanced pre-clinical trials.

Objective:

Our aim in this in silico study is to identify additional inhibitors of HDAC7, ERK1 and
ERK2 as potential anticancer drug agents and provide insight into the molecular level of interactions
of such ligands relative to known standards.

Methods:

To achieve this aim, the binding affinities of ulixertinib (the standard ERK inhibitor),
apicidin (the standard HDAC7 inhibitor) as well as 49 ARTs for HDAC7, ERK1 and ERK2 were
evaluated using AutodockVina. The molecular binding interactions of compounds with remarkable
binding affinity for all the 3 target proteins, relative to their respective standards, were viewed with
Discovery Studio Visualizer, BIOVIA, 2016.

Results:

Out of the 49 ARTs, our study identified 2 compounds, artemisinin dimer and artemisinin
dimer hemisuccinate, as having higher binding affinities for all the target proteins compared to
their respective standard inhibitors.

Conclusion:

These findings suggest that artemisinin dimer and artemisinin dimer hemisuccinate
could be promising anticancer drug agents, with better therapeutic efficacy than ulixertinib and
apicidin for the treatment of cancer via inhibition of HDAC7, ERK1 and ERK2.
Nanoliposomal Encapsulation Enhances In Vivo Anti-Tumor Activity of Niclosamide against Melanoma
Authors: Hatamipour Mahdi , Jaafari Mahmoud R. , Momtazi-Borojeni Amir A. , Ramezani Mahin , Sahebkar Amirhossein
Published: July 2019

Background:

Niclosamide is an FDA-approved and old anti-helminthic drug used to treat parasitic
infections. Recent studies have shown that niclosamide has broad anti-tumor effects relevant to the treatment of
cancer. However, this drug has a low aqueous solubility hindering its systemic use. Herein, we report the preparation
and characterization of niclosamide nanoliposomes and their in vivo anti-tumor effects.

Methods:

Nanoliposomes were prepared using thin-film method and the drug was encapsulated with a remote
loading method. The nanoliposomes were investigated by the observation of morphology, analysis of particle
size and zeta potential. Additionally, qualitative and quantitative analyses were performed using HPLC. We
assessed the in vitro cytotoxicity of the nanoliposomal niclosamide on B16F10 melanoma cells. Inhibition of
tumor growth was investigated in C57BL/6 mice bearing B16F0 melanoma cancer.

Results:

Analytical results indicated that the nanoliposomal system is a homogeneous and stable colloidal dispersion
of niclosamide particles. Atomic force microscopy images and particle size analysis revealed that all
niclosamide particles had a spherical shape with a diameter of approximately 108nm. According to in vitro and
in vivo studies, nanoliposomal niclosamide exhibited a better anti-tumor activity against B16F10 melanoma
tumor compared with free niclosamide.

Conclusion:

Nanoliposomal encapsulation enhanced the aqueous solubility of niclosamide and improved its
anti-tumor properties.
Dehydroandrographolide Inhibits Osteosarcoma Cell Growth and Metastasis by Targeting SATB2-mediated EMT
Authors: Liu Xuefeng , Fan Yonggang , Xie Jing , Zhang Li , Li Lihua , Wang Zhenyuan
Published: July 2019

Background:

The 12-hydroxy-14-dehydroandrographolide (DP) is a predominant component of the traditional herbal medicine Andrographis paniculata (Burm. f.) Nees (Acanthaceae). Recent studies have shown that DP exhibits potent anti-cancer effects against oral and colon cancer cells.

Objective:

This investigation examined the potential effects of DP against osteosarcoma cell.

Methods:

A cell analyzer was used to measure cell viability. The cell growth and proliferation were performed by Flow cytometry and BrdU incorporation assay. The cell migration and invasion were determined by wound healing and transwell assay. The expression of EMT related proteins was examined by Western blot analysis.

Results:

In this study, we found that DP treatment repressed osteosarcoma (OS) cell growth in a dose-dependent manner. DP treatment significantly inhibited OS cell proliferation by arresting the cell cycle at G2/M phase. In addition, DP treatment effectively inhibited the migration and invasion abilities of OS cells through wound healing and Transwell tests. Mechanistic studies revealed that DP treatment effectively rescued the epithelialmesenchymal transition (EMT), while forced expression of SATB2 in OS cells markedly reversed the pharmacological effect of DP on EMT.

Conclusion:

Our data demonstrated that DP repressed OS cell growth through inhibition of proliferation and cell cycle arrest; DP also inhibited metastatic capability of OS cells through a reversal of EMT by targeting SATB2. These findings demonstrate DP’s potential as a therapeutic drug for OS treatment.
Synthesis, Structure and Luminescence Characterization of Erbium Doped Hydroxyapatite Nanoparticles by Precipitation Method
Authors: Gitty Pooja , Kailasnath Madanan , Nampoori Vadakkedathu Parameswaran Narayanan
Published: July 2019

Introduction:

Hydroxyapatite, Ca10 (PO4)6(OH)2, a ceramic material is the major
inorganic component in bones and teeth of animals and humans. Although erbium is one of
the prominent representative elements among the lanthanides, erbium doped hydroxyapatite
has not been studied to a greater extent. This study reports the synthesis of erbium
doped hydroxyapatite using the simple precipitation method and its structural and optical
properties.

Objective:

The primary objective of this study was to synthesize erbium doped hydroxyapatite
and to study the structural and optical properties.

Materials and Methods:

Nanocrystalline erbium doped hydroxyapatite was successfully
prepared using simple precipitation method. Average particle size of the synthesized particle
was around 8-10 nm.

Results:

The typical absorption spectra of the erbium doped hydroxyapatite sample shows
almost well defined peaks of the erbium ions. The absorption bands were observed at 360
nm, 373 nm, 448 nm, 490 nm, 524 nm and at 653 nm. The photoluminescence spectrum
showed the presence of a green band at 550 nm and a red band which peaked at 750 nm.

Conclusion:

Spherical shaped nanocrystalline hydroxyapatite, Ca10 (PO4)6(OH)2 substituted
with Erbium(III) were obtained using precipitation method. The synthesized Er3+ doped
hydroxyapatite can be used for biophotonic applications, which exploits their exquisite optical
properties and infrared imaging and several other therapeutic applications.
Methods for Estimating the Actual Size of Defects Based on the Lengths of Their Frontal Images
Authors: Davydov M. N. , Lipatova A. P. , Tkachenko Yu. S.
Published: July 2019

Purpose of research. The present paper concerns the close analysis of detecting the sizes of defects and ways of their identification. The aim is to solve the problem of rational choice of equipment, which will make it possible to fully, clearly and reliably judge the quality of the product. This is important because, depending on the material of the product, the resulting defect sizes may vary.

Methods. For this purpose, this article discusses a method for determining the actual size of defects’ images in ultrasonic control of export oil pump cases made of 20GL steel grade using a flaw detector with digital-focused antenna arrays. The paper describes the main differences in the configuration of equipment that uses different techniques of image restoration, and the feasibility of applying multi-channel sensors for the control of this type parts. The design of the antenna array and phased antenna array has been considered as well as the principle of operation of sensors with phased array antenna and digital phased array antenna. The study of the cast body of export oil pump has been completed, during which defects such as “microporosity” was found. There have been identified their maximum permissible front distances and the formula to determine their actual size has been deduced. The dependence of frontal sizes of defect images on the depth of their occurrence in the product has been considered.

Results. According to the obtained data, a graph of dependence of the frontal size of a defect image on the depth of occurrence has been constructed. Using this graph, it is possible to determine the maximum permissible sizes of defect images for intermiary depth, excluding calculations, which confirms the economic efficiency in the analysis of the control results using this method.

Conclusion. The authors substantiate the feasibility of using equipment with phased array antenna and digital phased array antenna.
Study of the Process of Generation of Thermoelectricity in Low Grade Heat Recovery of Waste Gases
Authors: Ezhov V. S. , Semicheva N. E. , Burtsev A. P. , Zenchenkov V. I. , Ermakov D. A.
Published: July 2019

Purpose of research.The purpose of the study is to develop an experimental design of an integrated air heater, conduct and analyze experiments as well as to determine the main characteristics of a thermoelectric generator in low-grade heat recovery of waste gases.

Methods. The experimental unit consists of two blocks – a thermoelectric generator operating on the principle of cross heat exchange for heat recovery with concurrent heating of the incoming air, which is supplied as a mixture to the burner device of the boiler unit; and an adsorber block filled with blast furnace slag for cleaning the waste gases from nitrogen, sulphur and carbon oxides. To achieve these goals, the work is based on the proposed thermoelectricity effect, which works on the principle of converting thermal energy into electricity at a temperature difference between hot and cold junctions in thermoelectric sections consisting of two metals different in their electronegativity. At the same time, in an integrated air heater, the intensification of the process of adsorption of harmful components by granulated blast furnace slag takes place, which reduces the heat content and temperature of waste gases, reduces emissions of flue gases and, as a result, increases environmental safety of the area adjacent to the boiler. In particular, the study of countercurrent heat exchange in the design of the thermoelectric generator was carried out.

Results.The main result of the research work is the development of an experimental design of an integrated air heater, an experimental technique and the determination of the main characteristics of the thermoelectricity generation process.

Conclusion.The use of such an integrated air heater can improve the efficiency of heat-generating units of low, medium and high power installed in the central heating stations, multi-family and single-family houses. The gained electric power with the subsequent transformation can be used for power supply of automatiс equipment of boilers of low, medium and high power, and for power supply of the stations of cathodic protection against electrochemical corrosion of back-end surfaces formed as a result of the presence of water vapors in waste gases.
Load Lifting in the Exoskeleton with Gravity Compensation
Authors: Yatsun S. F. , Antipov V. M. , Karlov A. Ye. , Al Manji Hamil Hamed M.
Published: July 2019

Purpose of research. Currently, exoskeletons are getting widespread use. They enhance human capabilities in terms of ease of movement, carrying loads and different types of activities that require considerable effort. Especially effective are those exoskeletons that make it possible to make complex types of movement of both for the lower and upper limbs, which significantly expands the capabilities of a person when performing loading and unloading operations. Relatively recently, they have started the development of exoskeletons which use the elements of gravity compensation. Therfore, the study of energy costs in the process of load lifting and the study of gravitational compensators influence on the magnitude of moments made by the electric drives of the femoral and knee joints, is relevant and is revealed in this paper.

Methods. Methods of system analysis, design of biotechnical systems, control theory, theory of mechanisms and machines, methods of mathematical modeling of dynamic systems, methods of optimal planning and design were used to solve the problems. Mathematical packages Matlab/Simulink were used to make software products.

Results. The study shows that the use of gravity compensators can significantly reduce the load on electrodrives. The movement of load is due to the operation of engines located in the area of ankle, knee and thigh joints. Since the movement of the exoskeleton occurs in the sagittal plane during load lifting, the position of the exoskeleton links in space is determined by four independent parameters.

Conclusion. The mathematical model of load lifting by a man in an exoskeleton has been developed. Mathematical modeling of the process of load lifting with the help of exoskeleton electric drives has been made. A special attention is paid to the study of gravitational compensators influence on the magnitude of moments created by the electric drives of femoral and knee joints. It shows that the use of gravity compensators can significantly reduce the load on electric drives. Also, the study of energy costs in the process of load lifting has been conducted.
The Dissolution of Linguistics and the Rise of Language with Reference to Pragmatics: A Deconstructive Approach
Authors: Mahmood Rauf Kareem
Published: July 2019

This paper presents a deconstructive approach to the current status of linguistics as the primary science that studies levels of linguistic analysis. The research hypothesizes that the term ‘linguistics’ cannot be expected to remain as an independent and robust concept. It is subject to dissolution under the main interdisciplinary outreach of the essential branches of linguistics: phonetics, phonology, morphology, syntax, semantics and pragmatics. The current paper, however, focuses on Pragmatics as a branch of linguistics. The research also hypothesizes that the relation of pragmatics to sociology and culture is stronger than the relationship between pragmatics and semantics. The main aim of the paper is to update the study of language in a way that goes beyond the closed domain of linguistics. Throughout the discussions and analyses of pragmatics between language and linguistics, it has been concluded that the study of language is in a persistent rise, whereas the domains of linguistics proper has condensed to limited fields.
The Significance of Research Methods with Reference to Language Education in Higher Education
Authors: Noriey Ismail Mohammed
Published: July 2019

This research paper investigates the significance of research in language education in the higher education sector. For this purpose, the researcher conducted a case study with twenty 4th year students studying English at the University of Human Development (UHD), Iraqi Kurdistan Region. They were selected based on purposive sampling. The participants were invited to respond to a questionnaire that was created and piloted by the researcher. They were also requested to take part in a structured interview. The findings show that the nature of research methods for 4th year students across higher education is complex and elusive. The findings also show that most of the students almost have the same problems and they have similar views on their final project as they started at the beginning of the final year of the academic year (2018-2019) at the University of Human Development.
Foreignization in English-Kurdish Translations Produced by the Voice of America
Authors: Rasul Sabir
Published: July 2019

This paper explores English-Kurdish translations produced by the Kurdish section of the Voice of America (VOA). It is hypothesized that such translations are marked by unnaturalness and foreignness both in terms of linguistic and cultural aspects. This feature seems to be a peculiar characteristic that sets the VOA Kurdish apart from other media outlets producing Kurdish translations. Applying Venuti’s (1995/2008) theory of foreignization and domestication and taking a translation-oriented textual analysis approach, the paper sets out to qualitatively examine a set of 15 English journalistic texts translated into Kurdish by the VOA Kurdish. The study encompasses both linguistic and cultural matrices to identify unnatural or foreignized translation occurrences, which are expected to be otherwise rendered naturally in other media outlets. The results of the study show that Kurdish translations produced by the VOA are peculiarly outlandish and orientated towards foreignization. For journalistic translations to be comprehensible by the target audience, media players ought to present their outputs, translation or otherwise, as naturally as possible. Therefore, the paper recommends that the VOA Kurdish change its tendency from foreignization to domestication.
A Test of Feasibility and Acceptability of Online Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction for Lesbian, Gay, and Bisexual Women and Men at Risk for High Stress: Pilot Study
Authors: Jabson Tree Jennifer M , Patterson Joanne Gayle
Published: July 2019

Background

In conservative and rural areas, where antidiscrimination laws do not exist, lesbian, gay, and bisexual (LGB) people are at risk for excess stress arising from discrimination. Stress-reducing interventions delivered via innovative channels to overcome access barriers are needed.

Objective

This study aimed to investigate the feasibility and acceptability of online mindfulness-based stress reduction (OMBSR) with LGB people in Appalachian Tennessee at high risk for stress.

Methods

In 2 pilot studies involving pre-post test designs, participants completed 8 weeks of OMBSR, weekly activity logs, semistructured interviews, and surveys of perceived and minority stress.

Results

Overall, 24 LGB people enrolled in the study and 17 completed OMBSR. In addition, 94% completed some form of mindfulness activities daily, including meditation. Participants enjoyed the program and found it easy to use. Perceived stress (Cohen, perceived stress scale-10) decreased by 23% in women (mean 22.73 vs mean 17.45; t10=3.12; P=.01) and by 40% in men (mean 19.83 vs mean 12.00; t5=3.90; P=.01) between baseline and postprogram. Women demonstrated a 12% reduction in overall minority stress (Balsam, Daily Experiences with Heterosexism Questionnaire) from baseline to 12-week follow-up (mean 1.87 vs mean 1.57; t10=4.12; P=.002). Subscale analyses indicated that women’s stress due to vigilance and vicarious trauma decreased by 21% and 20%, respectively.

Conclusions

OMBSR may be a useful tool to help LGB people reduce general and minority-specific stress in socially conservative regions lacking antidiscrimination policies.
Learning to Read by Learning to Write: Evaluation of a Serious Game to Foster Business Process Model Comprehension (Preprint)
Authors: Winter Michael , Pryss Rüdiger , Probst Thomas , Reichert Manfred
Published: July 2019

BACKGROUND

The management and comprehension of business process models are of utmost importance for almost any enterprise. To foster the comprehension of such models, this paper has incorporated the idea of a serious game called Tales of Knightly Process.

OBJECTIVE

This study aimed to investigate whether the serious game has a positive, immediate, and follow-up impact on process model comprehension.

METHODS

A total of two studies with 81 and 64 participants each were conducted. Within the two studies, participants were assigned to a game group and a control group (ie, study 1), and a follow-up game group and a follow-up control group (ie, study 2). A total of four weeks separated study 1 and study 2. In both studies, participants had to answer ten comprehension questions on five different process models. Note that, in study 1, participants in the game group played the serious game before they answered the comprehension questions to evaluate the impact of the game on process model comprehension.

RESULTS

In study 1, inferential statistics (analysis of variance) revealed that participants in the game group showed a better immediate performance compared to control group participants (P<.001). A Hedges g of 0.77 also indicated a medium to large effect size. In study 2, follow-up game group participants showed a better performance compared to participants from the follow-up control group (P=.01); here, a Hedges g of 0.82 implied a large effect size. Finally, in both studies, analyses indicated that complex process models are more difficult to comprehend (study 1: P<.001; study 2: P<.001).

CONCLUSIONS

Participants who played the serious game showed better performance in the comprehension of process models when comparing both studies.
FORMULATION AND EVALUATION OF PRESS COATED TABLETS OF LANSOPRAZOLE
Authors: D Prasanthi , S PRASHANTI. , G MEGHANA
Published: July 2019

Objective: Lansoprazole an proton pump inhibitor, degrades in acidic environment, hence protection of drug is done by coating the drug with enteric coating polymers. The aim and objective of the present study was to prepare enteric coated delayed release tablets of lansoprazole by using press coating technique.

Methods: Core tablets were prepared by direct compression and evaluated for their physico-chemical properties. Press coated tablets were formulated by using different combinations of ethyl cellulose, HPMC E15 and HPMC K4M as a coating layer. Core and coated tablets were optimized by dissolution studies. Fourier transform infra-red spectroscopy (FTIR) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) studies were performed to know the compatibility of drug with various excipients. Surface morphology and uniformity of coat was evaluated by Scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Stability of optimized formulation was evaluated according to ICH guidelines.

Results: Among the various formulations F5 containing ethyl cellulose: HPMC E15 (10:90) and F9 containing ethyl cellulose: HPMC K4M (25:75) were optimized based on the better drug release within 8 h. DSC studies and FTIR studies revealed compatibility of drug with excipients. Obtained SEM photographs of tablets showed that the surface of core tablet is uniformly coated with coat by press coating. Stability studies showed that the formulations were stable.

Conclusion: As a result, delayed release press coated tablets developed in this study delivered lansoprazole in the intestine and protected the drug from degradation.
Cognitive Acceleration through Science Education (CASE) program: Accelerating students’ cognitive development
Authors: Prabowo Chandra Adi , Widodo Wahyu
Published: July 2019

As an intervention program developed to accelerate participant cognitive development, the effect of Cognitive Acceleration through Science Education (CASE) implementation in certain conditions needs to be clarified. This paper describes the effect of CASE program to the cognitive development of elementary students in Indonesia. The study used a mixed method sequential explanatory design with the quantitative data collection in the first phase by Scientific Reasoning Skill Tasks administered to all of participants both before and after intervention followed by collection of qualitative data in the second phase included interviews with the participants from both CASE and control groups. Participants of the study were 70 elementary school students (aged 10-12). After three months of intervention, students of CASE group showed higher mean gain (RGS mean= 4.4) compared to those of control group (mean RGS = 0.1). The qualitative data indicated that the CASE program also enhanced students’ motivation. Moreover, teachers who involved in the Teachers’ Professional Development (PD) Training Program developed more specific strategy to enhance student’ cognitive ability. In other words, the CASE program was a worthwhile intervention for elementary level students in Indonesian school.
Corpografías divergentes: las ciudades deseadas y las prohibidas en las experiencias travestis (Brasil)
Authors: De Souza Nascimento Silvana
Published: July 2019

Mediante pesquisas etnográficas realizadas en dos regiones de Brasil —São Paulo y Paraíba—, este artículo reflexiona sobre las maneras en que travestis y mujeres transexuales se hacen presentes en distintos espacios urbanos y cómo construyen formas de resistencia ante las adversidades de los modelosde la ciudad moderna y las múltiples formas de violencias de las que son víctimas. Su presencia en calles, avenidas, aceras y plazas de los medios urbanos no solo desafía reglas heteronormativas, sino ideas de espacio público, prácticas sexuales, corporeidades y géneros. A partir de experiencias urbanas diversas, hay un proyecto de transformación corporal y de movilidad social común que se inscribe en una imbricación intensiva entre cuerpo trans y ciudad,  produciendo procesos de desterritorialización y reterritorialización.
El estrés laboral desde una perspectiva relacional. Un modelo interpretativo
Authors: Ramírez Velázquez Josefina
Published: July 2019

El creciente interés por el estrés laboral en países en desarrollo revela las múltiples problemáticas de orden teórico, conceptual y metodológico para su explicación. Existe una gran cantidad de modelos analíticos de estrés y de técnicas para su medición que no alcanzan a comprender los procesos de significación que producen los conjuntos de trabajadores —matizados por contextos culturales laborales específicos—, y que ayudan a explicar su expresión diferencial. Este artículo considera la relevancia de una antropología reflexiva y muestra la trayectoria que seguí en la configuración del modelo interpretativo de estrés en una investigación etnográfica sobre el estrés de operadoras telefónicas en México.
Macroeconomic stability as the condition for Bulgaria to join the euro area
Authors: Moździerz Anna
Published: July 2019

Research background: The subject of research is the macroeconomic situation of Bulgaria in the context of the country's preparations for joining the euro area. In 2018, the Bulgarian government approved a plan of preparations covering the period until the end of June 2019, which assumes that the country will join the ERM II mechanism in July 2019, and the euro area on 1 January 2022. Bulgaria meets four nominal convergence criteria regarding inflation, long-term interest rate, budget deficit and public debt. The national currency is pegged to the euro under the currency board arrangement. Despite this, the implementation of this optimistic scenario may be difficult because since the 2007 crisis, the European institutions pay more attention to macroeconomic stability and the sustainability of convergence.
Purpose of the article: The aim of the article is to identify the factors destabilising macroeconomic equilibrium in Bulgaria, which are a potential obstacle to the adoption of the euro by Bulgaria on schedule.
Methods: The research was based on the changes in selected macroeconomic indicators, as well as on the method used by the European Commission to detect macroeconomic imbalances. The observation and analysis covered the 2007?2018 period. 
Findings & Value added: The research results indicate that the low level of socio-economic convergence of Bulgaria and macroeconomic imbalances may delay its membership in the monetary union. Therefore, while respecting the country's aspirations to join the euro area, one cannot ignore the risk of another destabilisation of the euro area.
Being an outlier: a company non-prosperity sign?
Authors: Svabova Lucia , Durica Marek
Published: July 2019

Research background: The state of financial distress or imminent bankruptcy are very difficult situations that the management of every company wants to avoid. For these reasons, prediction of company bankruptcy or financial distress has been recently in a focus of economists and scientists in many countries over the world.
Purpose of the article: Various financial indicators, mostly financial ratios, are usually used to predict the financial distress. In order to create a strong prediction model and a statistically significant prediction of bankruptcy, it is advisable to use a deep statistical analysis of the data. In this paper, we analysed the real financial ratios of Slovak companies from the year 2017. In the phase of data preparation for further analysis, we checked the existence of outliers and found that there are some companies that are multivariate outliers because are significantly different from other companies in the database. Thus, we deeply focused on these outlying companies and analysed whether to be an outlier is a sign of financial distress.
Methods: We analysed whether there are much more non-prosperous companies in the set of outlier companies and if their financial indicators are significantly different from those of the prosperous companies. For these analyses, we used testing of the statistical hypotheses, such as the test for equality of means and chi-square test.
Findings & Value added: The ratio of non-prosperous companies between the outliers is significantly higher than 50 % and the attributes of non-prosperity and being an outlier are dependent. The means of almost all financial ratios of prosperous and non-prosperous companies among outliers are significantly different.