bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Comparison of the parameters of the lactation curve between normal and difficult calvings in Iranian Holstein cows
Authors: Ghavi Hossein-Zadeh Navid
Published: February 2019

To evaluate effect of dystocia on the lactation curve characteristics for milk yield and composition in Holstein cows, six non-linear models (Brody, Wood, Sikka, Nelder, Dijkstra and Rook) were fitted on 5,917,677 test day records for milk yield (MY), fat (FP) and protein (PP) percentages, fat to protein ratio (FPR) and somatic cell score (SCS) of 643,625 first lactation Holstein cows with normal calving or dystocia from 3146 herds which were collected by the Animal Breeding Center of Iran. The models were tested for goodness of fit using adjusted coefficient of determination, root means square error, Akaike’s information criterion and Bayesian information criterion. Rook model provided the best fit of the lactation curve for MY and SCS in normal and difficult calvers and dairy cows with dystocia for FP. Dijkstra model provided the best fit of the lactation curve for PP and FPR in normal and difficult calvers and dairy cows with normal calving for FP. Dairy cows with dystocia had generally lower 100-d, 200-d and 305-d cumulative milk yield compared with normal calvers. Time to the peak milk yield was observed later for difficult calvers (89 days in milk vs. 79 days in milk) with lower peak milk yield (31.45 kg vs. 31.88 kg) compared with normal calvers. Evaluation of the different non-linear models indicated that dystocia had important negative effects on milk yield and lactation curve characteristics in dairy cows and it should be reduced as much as possible in dairy herds.
Quality and cost assessment of Canadian Urological Association microscopic hematuria guidelines in clinical practice: Turning urine into gold
Authors: Assmus Mark A. , Beyer D. , Hanks Joan , Estey Mathew , Rourke Keith F. , Schuler Trevor , Wollin Tim
Published: February 2019

Introduction: Asymptomatic microscopic hematuria (AMH) is defined in the Canadian Urological Association (CUA) guidelines as >2 red blood cells (RBCs) per high-powered field (hpf). Our objective is to evaluate guideline adherence for AMH at our centre. Secondarily, we aim to identify areas of the guideline that can be optimized.
Methods: We retrospectively reviewed 875 consecutive adults referred to two urologists for hematuria from June 2010–2016. Patient characteristics, risk factors, and outcomes were added to an encrypted REDCap database. Evaluation of microscopic hematuria reporting was performed by analyzing 681 urine samples reported as 1–5 RBC/hpf. Healthcare costs were obtained from Alberta Health Services (AHS), Data Integration and Management Repository (DIMR), and Alberta Society of Radiologists (ASR).
Results: Of the 875 patients referred with hematuria, 400 had AMH. Overall, 96.5% completed evaluation consistent with the CUA guideline. The incidence of pathology requiring surgical intervention was 21/400 (5%), with a 0.8% rate (3/400) of urothelial cell carcinoma (UCC) (non-invasive, low-grade). No malignancy was found in non-smokers with normal cytology, normal imaging and <50 RBC/hpf; 44% had AMH in the 1–5 RBCs/hpf range. Only 41% (279/681) of urine samples categorized as 1–5 RBCs/hpf had guideline-defined microscopic hematuria. By changing local microscopic hematuria reporting to differentiate 1–2 and 3–5 RBCs/hpf, we estimate $745 000 in annual savings.
Conclusions: At our centre, CUA AMH guideline adherence is high. We did not find malignancy in non-smokers with normal cytology, imaging, and <50 RBC/hpf. We identified and changed regional microscopic hematuria reporting to fit the CUA definition, eliminating unnecessary investigations and healthcare costs.
Tendências e desafios para a agenda da saúde global na Era Trump
Authors: Fedatto Maíra Da Silva
Published: February 2019

A agenda de Saúde Global foi/será impactada pela vitória de Donald Trump, em âmbitos doméstico e internacional. Internamente, além de freiar o Obamacare, suas posições conservadoras sobre o combate ao HIV, ao abuso de opiáceos, à saúde reprodutiva das mulheres e à oneração dos serviços públicos de saúde por imigrantes irregulares, são deveras preocupantes. Na arena internacional, apesar de ter declarado que seguirá apoiando programas como o PEPFAR (President’s Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief), há expectativas de cortes de até 40% nas contribuições para as Organizações Internacionais. O artigo visa refletir sobre a substituição do Obamacare e, no âmbito internacional, sobre a questão do aborto à luz da Regra da Mordaça Global (Global Gag Rule) e sobre o anunciado corte orçamental às organizações internacionais e as possíveis consequências para a OMS, cujo orçamento depende em aproximadamente 16% dos Estados Unido.
O MERCOSUL é uma “camisa de força” para o Brasil? Dilemas brasileiros e a importância do bloco sul-americano para as exportações industriais
Authors: Lima Jean Santos
Published: February 2019

O artigo versa sobre alguns dos dilemas políticos e econômicos contemporâneos do Mercosul, especialmente aqueles inseridos no debate em torno do estágio de integração entre, de um lado, permanecer enquanto uma União Aduaneira Imperfeita, e de outro, retorno a unicamente uma Área de Livre Comércio. Destaca-se que embora a opção de retorno a uma ALC conceda maior autonomia ao Brasil para firmar acordos extrarregionais, tal opção incidirá em grandes riscos às exportações brasileiras para o bloco, sobretudo, de produtos manufaturados. Ressaltamos que, independentemente do estágio, o bloco deve possuir ambições para além da região de forma a sustentar a integração comercial e produtiva.
A eleição de Iván Duque na Colômbia e o processo de paz com as FARC-EP: continuidade ou ruptura?
Authors: Souza Matheus De Abreu Costa , Rocha Pedro Diniz
Published: February 2019

O eixo delineador deste artigo conjuntural é explorar quais são as possibilidades para o andamento do processo de paz entre a Colômbia e as FARC-EP após o início do mandato do presidente Iván Duque em agosto de 2018. Acredita-se que as mudanças propostas pelo novo presidente podem comprometer o processo de paz na medida em que perfazem pontos fundamentais no cálculo estratégico das FARC na decisão de renunciar ao conflito armado.
O UBER E A REINVENÇÃO DO DIREITO ADMINISTRATIVO: OS NOVOS HORIZONTES DA REGULAÇÃO DAS ATIVIDADES ECONÔMICAS
Authors: Magalhaes Joao Marcelo Rego , Caminha Uinie
Published: February 2019

Desde que o Estado mudou sua feição de garantidor passivo das liberdades para provedor de utilidade e serviços, uma série de atividades de natureza econômica que antes gravitavam no espaço da iniciativa privada passou a ser entendida, em alguma medida, como de competência do poder público. Ainda que não prestasse de forma exclusiva aos particulares, o poder estatal passou a considerar que aquelas utilidades e serviços com conteúdo econômico deveriam ser ao menos regulados e fiscalizados por estruturas criadas para tal fim. Surge, assim, um imenso arsenal de mecanismos de permissão, controle, verificação e normatização de atividades com potencial econômico. O presente artigo visa discorrer sobre como o tradicional sistema de regulação dos serviços de táxis foi abruptamente desconstruído pelo “conceito” UBER, impondo uma inafastável redefinição do Estado em seu papel de permitir, regular e fiscalizar atividades com potencial econômico que estejam no âmbito da nova economia compartilhada.
Trabalho docente em classes multisseriadas: diferentes modos de entender a diferença na escola
Authors: Silva Fabrício Oliveira da , Mota Charles Maycon De Almeida , Rios Jane Adriana Vasconcelos Pacheco
Published: February 2019

Este artigo apresenta discussões e resultados de uma pesquisa que teve por objetivo compreender como os professores das escolas multisseriadas concebem as diferenças e como lidam com estas em sala de aula. Utilizamos no decorrer do estudo como direcionamento metodológico, a pesquisa qualitativa fundamentada na abordagem (auto)biográfica. Desse modo, tomou as narrativas como um dispositivo de investigação, por entender que as narrativas de formação-profissão, trazem consigo elementos sobrecarregados de subjetividades e, que por isso, favorecem produções de sentidos e significados sobre/da formação. Para tanto, lançamos mão das oficinas formativas, inspiradas nos ateliês biográficos, com sete professores que atuam em classes multisseriadas de escolas rurais, no município de Várzea do Poço, interior da Bahia-Brasil. Pudemos perceber com esta pesquisa que as diferenças vão sendo demarcadas, especificamente pelo fator social em que seus alunos se encontram e pelas dificuldades de aprendizagem que alguns apresentam, desencadeando a percepção de que a diferença ainda se encontra associada à ausência de elementos normalizador dos sujeitos. Assim, o estudo evidenciou que as diferenças são tomadas como algo segregador dos sujeitos, em que a solução é homogeneizar os sujeitos, numa perspectiva de não reconhecimento das diferenças nas dimensões culturais e sociais.
Robotjul i Ans
Authors: Fibiger Johannes , Jørgensen Line Lund
Published: February 2019

I denne artikel undersøger og udvikler vi forskelige teknologiforståelser gennem en konkrete case fra en intervention på Ans skole i Jylland. Udgangspunkter er et forløb i 3. klasse, hvor en interaktiv julekalender forbinder en fiktionsfortælling med et lokalt scenarie. Indlejret i disse rammer afprøver vi to teknologier: 3D-modellering og printning på den ene side og robotprogrammering på den anden. Det gennemgående træk i casen er, at eleverne producerer, analysere og programmerer ting, der dermed forbinder dem med et scenarie. Det er med dette greb, at vi gerne vil udvikle forståelse.

Vores artikel er et case-studium, der bygger på observationer, interview og videooptagelser. Vi analyserer vores data ud fra en hermeneutisk tilgang, hvor vi ønsker at undersøge elevernes scenariekompetence og begyndende teknologihåndtering. Casens styrke ligger ikke i evidens, men i evnen til at se noget: At sætte et eksempel, som der kan tænkes over og ud fra. Målet er ikke at skabe evidens, men tværtimod at reflektere ud fra det partikulære. Det redegør vi for i artiklens metodeafsnit. Det konkrete afsæt er altså erfaringerne fra en intervention, som danner basis for en diskussion af forskellige teknologiforståelser, og som argumenterer for, at teknologiforståelse både involverer et forståelses-, et handlings- og et etisk perspektiv.
La Seine de Mérimée et ses ressorts dramatiques
Authors: Gallant Janine
Published: February 2019

Si Mérimée, enclin à donner une toile de fond exotique à ses récits narratifs, accorde somme toute peu de place à la Seine, il lui confère en revanche un rôle fondamental dans son seul vrai roman, Chronique du règne de Charles IX. Tout en valant pour la pierre angulaire de l’oeuvre mériméenne, ce texte participe à l’invention romantique de la forme littéraire du roman historique. Cet article se penche sur l’utilisation que fait Mérimée de la Seine dans son écriture romanesque, telle qu’elle est conditionnée en partie par son rapport à l’Histoire. On se propose d’abord d’explorer l’écriture du roman historique telle que la conçoit Mérimée, puis d’analyser son traitement de la Seine en particulier. Le fleuve parisien prend des couleurs souvent dramatiques et est présenté comme une frontière à traverser, un axe ténébreux qui scinde la ville en des mondes distincts.
« Hydrargyre » de Maurice de Fleury ou l’imagination de la matière
Authors: Kheyar Stibler Lola
Published: February 2019

La nouvelle « Hydrargyre » (1887) de Maurice de Fleury raconte la mort de deux amants, intoxiqués par la Seine métamorphosée en fleuve de mercure. Ce « poème en prose décadent » interroge les modalités d’une esthétisation de la matière et celles de sa portée symbolique, tout en soulevant la question de l’esthétisation de la prose elle-même. En effet, la Seine épaisse et dense y évoque par la négative la métaphore de l’eau pure et transparente couramment assignée à décrire la pureté du grand style français. Sont ainsi pensées ensemble « l’imagination matérielle » de l’eau (Bachelard), la description fantasmagorique du paysage et les composantes stylistiques du texte. Nous interrogeons la façon dont le topos polymorphe et ambivalent de la Seine permet à l’auteur de promouvoir une esthétique symptomatique des enjeux littéraires et stylistiques de la fin du xixe siècle.
Orientasi dominasi sosial sebagai alternatif untuk melihat sikap implisit terhadap sistem sosial yang timpang: Adaptasi skala Orientasi Dominasi Sosial7 (SDO7 scale)
Authors: Arifianto M. Himawan T.
Published: February 2019

Penelitian ini merupakan adaptasi dari konseptualisasi dan pengukuran yang baru dari orientasi dominasi sosial (perbedaan individu pada preferensi untuk hirarki dan ketimpangan berbasis kelompok) yang dinamakan SDO7S. Alat ukur SDO7S ini memiliki dua dimensi, yaitu dominasi (SDO-D) dan egalitarian (SDO-E). SDO-D merupakan preferensi untuk sistem dominasi berbasis kelompok, yang mewakili penjelasan bahawa kelompok dengan status tinggi secara langsung menekan kelompok dengan status ren­dah. SDO-E merupakan preferensi dari sistem ketimpangan berbasis kelompok yang di­pertahankan dengan hubungan antara ideologi dan pengaturan sosial yang mendukung adanya hierarki dalam sistem sosial. Adaptasi SDO7S ini melibatkan 200 partisipan (69% perempuan; Musia= 21.6 tahun). Dalam adaptasi alat ukur ini, ditemukan dua item yang bermasalah, yaitu item nomor 1 (SDO1) dan 2 (SDO2). Kedua item ini dikeluarkan dari analisis. Hasil uji reliabilitas menunjukkan bahwa alat ukur adaptasi SDO7S merupakan alat ukur yang reliabel, begitu juga dengan uji validitas yang mengukur bahwa alat ukur adaptasi SDO7S merupakan alat yang valid dalam mengukur orientasi dominasi sosial. Hasil analisis faktor konfirmatori menunjukkan bahwa model dua dimensi dalam orientasi dominasi sosial, yaitu dominasi (SDO-D) dan egalitarian (SDO-E) tidak fit dengan data. Sedangkan model empat faktor dari orientasi dominasi sosial (D-Pro, D-Con, E-Pro, dan E-Con) merupakan model teoretis yang sesuai dengan data. Adaptasi alat ukur SDO7S menunjukkan bahwa pengukuran orientasi dominasi sosial memiliki empat faktor, yang terdiri dari dua dimensi dan masing-masing dua sub-dimensi pada dimensinya.
“Aku mau bantu karena aku merasa dekat”: Peran identity fusion sebagai moderator dalam pengaruh jarak sosial terhadap perilaku berdonasi kepada lembaga amal
Authors: Rachmat Giovanno , Ariyanto Amarina , Yustisia Whinda
Published: February 2019

Penelitian terdahulu menunjukkan bahwa jarak sosial memiliki peranan penting dalam menjelaskan perilaku donasi. Hal ini didasari pada ide bahwa seseorang akan lebih mau berdonasi pada orang dengan keanggotaan kelompok yang sama. Namun kenyataannya, individu memiliki tingkat kedekatan dengan kategorisasi sosial tertentu. Bisa saja, secara objektif individu memiliki latar belakang keanggotaan kelompok yang sama dengan target donasi. Namun, secara subjektif individu merasa identitas personalnya tidak terlalu dekat dengan kategorisasi sosial tersebut sehingga individu tidak terlalu merasa dekat dengan target donasi dan pada gilirannya tidak meningkatkan kecenderungan donasi. Penelitian ini berupaya memahami lebih jauh pengaruh kedekatan sosial dengan perilaku donasi dengan mempertimbangkan peran identity fusion sebagai moderator. Penelitian eksperimendilakukan pada 110 mahasiswa dengan kriteria mahasiswa aktif S1 Universitas Indonesia dan beragama Islam (M=19,87, SD=1,10). Penelitian ini menggunakan 2 (Jarak sosial: besar vs. kecil) x 2 (identity fusion: kuat vs. lemah) between subject design.Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa 15,30% varians perilaku berdonasi dapat dijelaskan oleh jarak sosial, F(5,104)= 3.756, p= 0,04), meski jarak sosial tidak memiliki significant unique effect terhadap perilaku berdonasi. Namun, terdapat pengaruh interaksi yang signifikan antara jarak sosial dan identity fusion (b= 0,456, SE= 0,187, 95% CI [0,086, 0,826], t= 2,443, p= 0,016). Secara spesifik, jarak sosial mempengaruhi perilaku berdonasi secara signifikan ketika tingkat identity fusion rendah (b= -0,704, SE= 0,268, 95% CI [-1,235, -0,173], t= -2,631, p= 0,010) tetapi tidak ketika tingkat identity fusion tinggi.
Apakah sastra mampu menurunkan cognitive closure pada narapidana terorisme di Indonesia?
Authors: Kurniawan Wawan , Mujahid Destina Religia , Usman Yassir Arafat
Published: February 2019

Salah satu faktor penyebab radikalnya seseorang dapat dipengaruhi oleh tingginya need for closure. Penelitian sebelumnya menunjukkan bahwa membaca sastra menjadi salah satu strategi yang dapat digunakan untuk program deradikalisasi sebagai upaya menurunkan need for closure. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh sastra dalam menurunkan need for closure. Penelitian ini menggunakan rancangan small sample experiment desain A-B selama tujuh hari dan empat hari pada dua kelompok yang berbeda. Partisipan penelitian ini adalah 4 orang narapidana teroris Lapas 1 Makassar dan 3 orang narapidana Lapas 1 Surabaya. Hasil penelitian ini memperlihatkan terjadinya penurunan need for closure setelah membaca sastra namun tidak signifikan. Kedepannya, butuh waktu yang lebih panjang untuk dapat memperoleh hasil yang signifikan dalam program deradikalisasi.
Strategi berbicara kepada diri sendiri sebagai mekanisme regulasi stres pada individu yang terbiasa menyebut diri menggunakan nama
Authors: Langit Ulfah Sekar , Takwin Bagus
Published: February 2019

Pada studi Self-talk as a regulatory mechanism: How you do it matters (Kross dkk., 2014) menunjukkan penggunaan nama saat melakukan strategi berbicara pada diri sendiri (self-talk) dapat digunakan sebagai mekanisme regulasi diri terhadap pemicu stres di masa depan. Namun, di Indonesia terdapat budaya yang masyarakatnya terbiasa menyebut diri dengan nama saat berinteraksi sehari-hari. Penelitian ini berupaya memahami pengaruh strategi penggunaan nama saat self-talk terhadap mekanisme regulasi diri terhadap pemicu stres di masa depan pada individu yang telah terbiasa menyebut diri dengan nama. Penelitian dilakukan dalam dua studi (N=195) dengan kriteria mahasiswa aktif. Studi 1 merupakan replikasi studi pada penelitian Kross dkk. (2014). Sementara pada studi 2 dilakukan pengujian serupa studi 1 namun menggunakan partisipan yang terbiasa menyebut diri dengan nama. Hasil analisis studi 1 menunjukkan bahwa partisipan pada kondisi jenis self-talk menggunakan nama (M= 0,913; SD=0,417) menilai pemicu stres di masa depan sebagai tantangan daripada ancaman dibandingkan dengan partisipan pada kondisi kata ganti orang pertama (M= 0,732; SD=0,368). Perbedaan ini signifikan (t(98) = -2,31, p<0,05). Sementara, pada partisipan yang terbiasa menyebut diri dengan nama, penilaian pemicu stres di masa depan tidak berbeda secara signifikan antara kondisi penggunaan nama (M=0,71; SD= 0,29) dan kondisi kata ganti orang pertama (M=0,65; SD=0,27) dengan hasil uji-t sebagai berikut, t(93) = -1,107, p>0,05. (Studi 2). Artinya, strategi self talk menggunakan nama terhadap mekanisme regulasi diri pada individu yang terbiasa menyebut diri dengan nama tidak mampu mengubah penilaian (dari ancaman menjadi tantangan) pemicu stres di masa depan.
Peran moderasi ideologi politik terhadap hubungan antara religiositas dan kebahagiaan
Authors: Ardhy Ais Nur
Published: February 2019

Penelitian ini bertujuan menguji pengaruh interaksi antara ideologi politik dan religiositas terhadap kebahagiaan pada konteks Indonesia. Sebanyak 219 partisipan yang merupakan mahasiswa turut serta dalam penelitian ini. Peneliti menggunakan tiga alat ukur, yakni Satisfaction With Life Scale (SWLS), Religious Commitment Inventory - 10 (RCI-10), dan Political Ideology Scale (PIS). Hasil utama penelitian menemukan bahwa religiositas berpengaruh secara positif dan signifikan terhadap kebahagiaan (B = 0,14, p<0,01). Sementara itu, tidak ditemukan pengaruh signifikan dari interaksi ideologi politik dan religiositas terhadap kebahagiaan pada dimensi konservatif-liberal (B = 0,00, p > 0,05) maupun religius-sekuler (B = 0,00, p > 0,05). Hasil tersebut mengindikasikan bahwa semakin tinggi religiositas maka semakin tinggi pula kebahagiaan individu. Sementara itu, ideologi politik tidak memiliki pengaruh moderasi terhadap hubungan antara religiositas dan kebahagiaan. Temuan ini tidak mendukung temuan sebelumnya yang menunjukkan adanya peran moderasi ideologi politik dalam hubungan religiositas dan kebahagiaan. Hal ini dapat disebabkan oleh beberapa faktor seperti konseptualisasi religiositas yang berbeda dan perbedaan perseberan ideologi politik di Indonesia dengan negara tempat penelitian-peneltian sebelumnya dilakukan.
Pengetahuan dan persepsi politik pada remaja
Authors: Limilia Putri , Ariadne Evie
Published: February 2019

Penelitian ini mengkaji tentang tingkat pengetahuan dan persepsi pemilih pemula terhadap partai politik. Hal ini penting dilakukan karena pengetahuan dan persepsi politik merupakan faktor-faktor yang berperan penting dalam memahami partisipasi politik. Secara praktis, penelitian ini juga penting untuk dilakukan karenapemilih pemula memiliki peranan penting dalam demokrasi dan disaat bersamaan memiliki partisipasi dan ketertarikan politik yang rendah. Oleh karena itu, pada penelitian ini, peneliti berupaya untuk memahami pengetahuan dan persepsi poltik remaja. Secara spesifik, penelitik mengkaji pengetahuan dan persepsi terhadap partai politik sebagai salah satu institutasi politik. Metode yang digunakan adalah kualitatif dengan desain penelitian studi kasus. Teknik pengambilan data yang digunakan adalah wawancara. Partisipan penelitian ini adalah 20 orang siswa sekolah menengah atas yang berusia 16 hingga 18 tahun dan belum pernah memilih. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pemilih pemula memiliki pengetahuan yang rendah tentang konsep, peran, dan fungsi partai politik. Rendahnya tingkat pengetahuan tersebut diiringi dengan persepsi negatif terhadap partai politik. Pemilih pemula mempersepsikan secara negatif parpol sebagai organisasi yang hanya mementingkan diri sendiri, korupsi, dan hanya melakukan pencitraan.
Aku Membelinya Bukan Karena Aku Suka: Bagaimana Nilai (Personal dan Berbelanja) Memengaruhi Tendensi Pembelian Impulsif
Authors: Grasiaswaty Novika , Widyartini Maria Santi , Siregar Rury Ervina
Published: February 2019

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memahami peranan nilai personal dan nilai perilaku berbelanja dalam menjelaskantendensi seseorang untuk membeli secara impulsif. Untuk mengembangkan penelitian sebelumnya, pada penelitian ini kami juga menambakannilai berbelanja (shopping values) dalam analisis. Penelitian dilakukan pada 164 orang (74,4% perempuan) dengan survei secara online. Data diolah dengan regresi hierarki dengan memasukkandata demografis di tahapan pertama, lalunilai personaldi tahapan kedua, dan nilai berbelanjadi tahapan kegiatan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa nilai berbelanja memprediksi tendensi pembelian impulsif, khususnya nilai hedonic. Sementara itu, nilai personal tidak memiliki peranan signifikan dalam memprediksi kecenderungan pembelian impulsif. Analisis lebih lanjut terhadap dimensi-dimensi nilaipersonal menunjukkan bahwa hanya nilai humility (kesederhanaan) yang memprediksi tendensi dalam pembelian impulsif sedangkan untuk nilai berbelanja, sementara nilai face, hedonistic, power resource,dan power dominance tidak memiliki peranan signifikan dalam menjelaskan kecenderungan pembelian impulsif.
Faktor-Faktor Karakteristik Kebijaksanaan Menurut Remaja
Authors: Sahrani Riana
Published: February 2019

Penelitian terdahulu menunjukkan bahwa budaya mempengaruhi bagaimana individu mendefinisikan kebijaksanaan. Penelitian sebelumnya juga sudah berupaya memahami kebijaksanaan berdasarkan konteks Baratdan beberapa di negara Timur, tapi belum ada yang mencoba memahaminya di konteks Indonesia. Penelitian ini berupaya mengisi kekosongan tersebut. Secara spesifik, kami berupaya untuk mengembangkan skala kebijaksanaan pada remaja. Kami melakukan penelitian ini dalam dua tahap. Pada tahap pertama, partisipan kami adalah 349 remaja berusia 15 hingga 21 tahun. Kami menanyakan partisipan untuk mengindikasikan karakteristik kebijaksanaan menurut mereka. Dari tahapan ini, kami memperoleh 52 karakteristik kebijaksanaan. Pada tahapan kedua, kami mengembangkan kuesioner berdasarkan respon jawaban yang muncul pada tahapan pertama. Total terdapat 52 item dalam kuesioner ini. Kami menganalisis data pada tahapan kedua ini dengan menggunakan Exploratory Factor Analisis(EFA). Berdasarkan hasil analisis diperoleh 44 butir karakteristik kebijaksanaan. Butir-butir tersebut kemudian dikelompokkan menjadi 3 faktor, yaitu faktor: (1) berpikir Cerdas; (2) kepribadianpositif; (3) keterandalan dalam bertindak. Butir yang paling berkontribusi dari faktor berpikir cerdas adalah “hati-hati dalam bertindak” (0,790); selanjutnya butir yang paling berkontribusi dari faktor kepribadian positif adalah “setia” (0,701); terakhir butir yang paling berkontribusi dari faktor keterandalan dalam bertindak adalah “mampu mengemukakan pendapat dan berkomunikasi” (0,731).
JNK-dependent cell cycle stalling in G2 promotes survival and senescence-like phenotypes in tissue stress
Authors: Cosolo Andrea , Jaiswal Janhvi , Csordás Gábor , Grass Isabelle , Uhlirova Mirka , Classen Anne-Kathrin
Published: February 2019

The restoration of homeostasis after tissue damage relies on proper spatial-temporal control of damage-induced apoptosis and compensatory proliferation. In Drosophila imaginal discs these processes are coordinated by the stress response pathway JNK. We demonstrate that JNK signaling induces a dose-dependent extension of G2 in tissue damage and tumors, resulting in either transient stalling or a prolonged but reversible cell cycle arrest. G2-stalling is mediated by downregulation of the G2/M-specific phosphatase String(Stg)/Cdc25. Ectopic expression of stg is sufficient to suppress G2-stalling and reveals roles for stalling in survival, proliferation and paracrine signaling. G2-stalling protects cells from JNK-induced apoptosis, but under chronic conditions, reduces proliferative potential of JNK-signaling cells while promoting non-autonomous proliferation. Thus, transient cell cycle stalling in G2 has key roles in wound healing but becomes detrimental upon chronic JNK overstimulation, with important implications for chronic wound healing pathologies or tumorigenic transformation.
MicroRNA-122 supports robust innate immunity in hepatocytes by targeting the RTKs/STAT3 signaling pathway
Authors: Xu Hui , Xu Shi-Jun , Xie Shu-Juan , Zhang Yin , Yang Jian-Hua , Zhang Wei-Qi , Zheng Man-Ni , Zhou Hui , Qu Liang-Hu
Published: February 2019

MicroRNA-122 (miR-122) is the most abundant microRNA in hepatocytes and a central player in liver biology and disease. Herein, we report a previously unknown role for miR-122 in hepatocyte intrinsic innate immunity. Restoration of miR-122 levels in hepatoma cells markedly enhanced the activation of interferons (IFNs) in response to a variety of viral nucleic acids or simulations, especially in response to hepatitis C virus RNA and poly (I:C). Mechanistically, miR-122 downregulated the phosphorylation (Tyr705) of STAT3, thereby removing the negative regulation of STAT3 on IFN-signaling. STAT3 represses IFN expression by inhibiting interferon regulatory factor 1 (IRF1), whereas miR-122 targets MERTK, FGFR1 and IGF1R, three receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs) that directly promote STAT3 phosphorylation. This work identifies a miR-122–RTKs/STAT3–IRF1–IFNs regulatory circuitry, which may play a pivotal role in regulating hepatocyte innate immunity. These findings renewed our knowledge of miR-122’s function and have important implications for the treatment of hepatitis viruses.
Reactivation of a developmental Bmp2 signaling center is required for therapeutic control of the murine periosteal niche
Authors: Salazar Valerie S , Capelo Luciane P , Cantù Claudio , Zimmerli Dario , Gosalia Nehal , Pregizer Steven , Cox Karen , Ohte Satoshi , Feigenson Marina , Gamer Laura , Nyman Jeffry S , Carey David J , Economides Aris , Basler Konrad , Rosen Vicki
Published: February 2019

Two decades after signals controlling bone length were discovered, the endogenous ligands determining bone width remain unknown. We show that postnatal establishment of normal bone width in mice, as mediated by bone-forming activity of the periosteum, requires BMP signaling at the innermost layer of the periosteal niche. This developmental signaling center becomes quiescent during adult life. Its reactivation however, is necessary for periosteal growth, enhanced bone strength, and accelerated fracture repair in response to bone-anabolic therapies used in clinical orthopedic settings. Although many BMPs are expressed in bone, periosteal BMP signaling and bone formation require only Bmp2 in the Prx1-Cre lineage. Mechanistically, BMP2 functions downstream of Lrp5/6 pathway to activate a conserved regulatory element upstream of Sp7 via recruitment of Smad1 and Grhl3. Consistent with our findings, human variants of BMP2 and GRHL3 are associated with increased risk of fractures.
Specification of diverse cell types during early neurogenesis of the mouse cerebellum
Authors: Wizeman John W , Guo Qiuxia , Wilion Elliott M , Li James YH
Published: February 2019

We applied single-cell RNA sequencing to profile genome-wide gene expression in about 9400 individual cerebellar cells from the mouse embryo at embryonic day 13.5. Reiterative clustering identified the major cerebellar cell types and subpopulations of different lineages. Through pseudotemporal ordering to reconstruct developmental trajectories, we identified novel transcriptional programs controlling cell fate specification of populations arising from the ventricular zone and the rhombic lip, two distinct germinal zones of the embryonic cerebellum. Together, our data revealed cell-specific markers for studying the cerebellum, gene-expression cascades underlying cell fate specification, and a number of previously unknown subpopulations that may play an integral role in the formation and function of the cerebellum. Our findings will facilitate new discovery by providing insights into the molecular and cell type diversity in the developing cerebellum.
Venous endothelin modulates responsiveness of cardiac sympathetic axons to arterial semaphorin
Authors: Poltavski Denise M , Colombier Pauline , Hu Jianxin , Duron Alicia , Black Brian L , Makita Takako
Published: February 2019

Developing neurons of the peripheral nervous system reach their targets via cues that support directional growth, a process known as axon guidance. In investigating how sympathetic axons reach the heart in mice, we discovered that a combination of guidance cues are employed in sequence to refine axon outgrowth, a process we term second-order guidance. Specifically, endothelin-1 induces sympathetic neurons expressing the receptor Ednra to project to the vena cavae leading to the heart. Endothelin signaling in turn induces expression of the repulsive receptor Plexin-A4, via induction of the transcription factor MEF2C. In the absence of endothelin or plexin signaling, sympathetic neurons misproject to incorrect competing vascular trajectories (the dorsal aorta and intercostal arteries). The same anatomical and physiological consequences occur in Ednra+/-; Plxna4+/- double heterozygotes, genetically confirming functional interaction. Second-order axon guidance therefore multiplexes a smaller number of guidance cues in sequential fashion, allowing precise refinement of axon trajectories.
Invasive aspergillosis of the sphenoethmoidal sinuses in an immunocompetent host
Authors: Johnson Curtis D. , Brandes Warren
Published: February 2019

Fungal infections of the nose and paranasal sinuses are uncommon; Aspergillus is the most frequently isolated fungal pathogen. Invasive aspergillosis is commonly seen as an opportunistic infection in the immunocompromised, debilitated host. Whereas fulminant infection in the otherwise healthy patient is rare, in the immunocompetent host with persistent signs and symptoms of sinusitis despite appropriate medical management, aspergillosis should be considered. Treatment of paranasal sinus aspergillosis requires correction of immunologic deficits, if possible; aggressive surgical debridement to provide adequate drainage and aeration of the sinuses; and adjunctive antifungal chemotherapy. The authors present an unusual case of invasive aspergillosis of the paranasal sinuses in fin immunocompetent host.
Membrane potential (Vmem) measurements during mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) proliferation and osteogenic differentiation
Authors: Bhavsar Mit Balvantray , Cato Gloria , Hauschild Alexander , Leppik Liudmila , Costa Oliveira Karla Mychellyne , Eischen-Loges Maria José , Barker John Howard
Published: February 2019

Background

Electrochemical signals play an important role in cell communication and behavior. Electrically charged ions transported across cell membranes maintain an electrochemical imbalance that gives rise to bioelectric signaling, called membrane potential or Vmem. Vmem plays a key role in numerous inter- and intracellular functions that regulate cell behaviors like proliferation, differentiation and migration, all playing a critical role in embryonic development, healing, and regeneration.

Methods

With the goal of analyzing the changes in Vmem during cell proliferation and differentiation, here we used direct current electrical stimulation (EStim) to promote cell proliferation and differentiation and simultaneously tracked the corresponding changes in Vmem in adipose derived mesenchymal stem cells (AT-MSC).

Results

We found that EStim caused increased AT-MSC proliferation that corresponded to Vmem depolarization and increased osteogenic differentiation that corresponded to Vmem hyperpolarization. Taken together, this shows that Vmem changes associated with EStim induced cell proliferation and differentiation can be accurately tracked during these important cell functions. Using this tool to monitor Vmem changes associated with these important cell behaviors we hope to learn more about how these electrochemical cues regulate cell function with the ultimate goal of developing new EStim based treatments capable of controlling healing and regeneration.
The identification of gene signature and critical pathway associated with childhood-onset type 2 diabetes
Authors: Jia Keren , Wu Yingcheng , Ju Jingyi , Wang Liyang , Shi Lili , Wu Huiqun , Jiang Kui , Dong Jiancheng
Published: February 2019

In general, type 2 diabetes (T2D) usually occurs in middle-aged and elderly people. However, the incidence of childhood-onset T2D has increased all across the globe. Therefore, it is very important to determine the molecular and genetic mechanisms of childhood-onset T2D. In this study, the dataset GSE9006 was downloaded from the GEO (Gene Expression Omnibus database); it includes 24 healthy children, 43 children with newly diagnosed Type 1 diabetes (T1D), and 12 children with newly diagnosed T2D. These data were used for differentially expressed genes (DGEs) analysis and weighted co-expression network analysis (WGCNA). We identified 192 up-regulated genes and 329 down-regulated genes by performing DEGs analysis. By performing WGGNA, we found that blue module (539 genes) was highly correlated to cyan module (97 genes). Gene ontology (GO) and pathway enrichment analyses were performed to figure out the functions and related pathways of genes, which were identified in the results of DEGs and WGCNA. Genes with conspicuous logFC and in the high correlated modules were input into GeneMANIA, which is a plugin of Cytoscape application. Thus, we constructed the protein-protein interaction (PPI) network (92 nodes and 254 pairs). Eventually, we analyzed the transcription factors and references related to genes with conspicuous logFC or high-degree genes, which were present in both the modules of WGCNA and PPI network. Current research shows that EGR1 and NAMPT can be used as marker genes for childhood-onset T2D. Gestational diabetes and chronic inflammation are risk factors that lead to the development of childhood-onset T2D.
Improved genome ofAgrobacterium radiobactertype strain provides new taxonomic insight intoAgrobacteriumgenomospecies 4
Authors: Gan Han Ming , Lee Melvin V.L. , Savka Michael A.
Published: February 2019

The reportedAgrobacterium radiobacterDSM 30174Tgenome is highly fragmented, hindering robust comparative genomics and genome-based taxonomic analysis. We re-sequenced theAgrobacterium radiobactertype strain, generating a dramatically improved genome with high contiguity. In addition, we sequenced the genome ofAgrobacterium tumefaciensB6T, enabling for the first time, a proper comparative genomics of these contentiousAgrobacteriumspecies. We provide concrete evidence that the previously reportedAgrobacterium radiobactertype strain genome (Accession Number:ASXY01) is contaminated which explains its abnormally large genome size and fragmented assembly. We propose thatAgrobacterium tumefaciensbe reclassified asAgrobacterium radiobactersubsp.tumefaciensand thatAgrobacterium radiobacterretains it species status with the proposed name ofAgrobacterium radiobactersubsp.radiobacter. This proposal is based, first on the high pairwise genome-scale average nucleotide identity supporting the amalgamation of bothAgrobacterium radiobacterandAgrobacterium tumefaciensinto a single species. Second, maximum likelihood tree construction based on the concatenated alignment of shared genes (core genes) among related strains indicates thatAgrobacterium radiobacterNCPPB3001 is sufficiently divergent fromAgrobacterium tumefaciensto propose two independent sub-clades. Third,Agrobacterium tumefaciensdemonstrates the genomic potential to synthesize the L configuration of fucose in its lipid polysaccharide, fostering its ability to colonize plant cells more effectively thanAgrobacterium radiobacter.
Predictors of foot care behaviours in patients with diabetes in Turkey
Authors: Yıldırım Usta Yasemin , Dikmen Yurdanur , Yorgun Songül , Berdo İkbal
Published: February 2019

Background

The management of diabetic foot complications is challenging, time-consuming and costly. Such complications frequently recur, and the feet of individuals with diabetes can be easily infected. The variables that predict foot care behaviours must be identified to improve foot care attitudes and behaviours. Thus, this study aimed to evaluate the predictors of foot care behaviours in individuals with diabetes and the role of these variables.

Methods

This descriptive and analytic study was carried out between July 2015 and July 2016, and 368 outpatients with diabetes from a public hospital in Turkey were included. The participants had no communication, psychiatric or neurological problems and had been diagnosed with diabetes for at least 1 year. Foot care behaviour was the dependent variable and was evaluated with the foot care behaviour questionnaire. The relationship among foot care behaviours and sociodemographic characteristics, diabetes-related attitudes, disease perception, health beliefs and perceived social support was evaluated. Factors that independently predicted effective foot care behaviours were estimated via a linear regression analysis.

Results

The foot care behaviour score of the participants was above average (54.8 ± 5.0). Gender (t = −2.38, p = 0.018), history of a foot wound (t = −2.74, p = 0.006), nephropathy (t = 3.13, p = 0.002), duration subscale of the illness perception scores (t = 2.26, p = 0.024) and personal control subscale of the health belief scores (t = −2.07, p = 0.038) were significant predictors of foot care behaviours. These variables, which provided model compatibility, accounted for approximately 22.0% of the total variance of the foot care behaviour score (R = 0.47, R2 = 0.22, F = 5.48, p ≤ 0.001).

Discussion

Our results show factors that may affect diabetic foot care behaviours. Several of these factors prevent individuals from practising these behaviours. Further studies on the roles of barriers as predictors of foot care behaviours must be conducted.
The detailed distribution of T cell subpopulations in immune-stable renal allograft recipients: a single center study
Authors: Zhuang Quan , Peng Bo , Wei Wei , Gong Hang , Yu Meng , Yang Min , Liu Lian , Ming Yingzi
Published: February 2019

Background

Most renal allograft recipients reach a stable immune state (neither rejection nor infection) after transplantation. However, the detailed distribution of overall T lymphocyte subsets in the peripheral blood of these immune-stable renal transplant recipients remains unclear. We aim to identify differences between this stable immune state and a healthy immune state.

Methods

In total, 103 recipients underwent renal transplantation from 2012 to 2016 and received regular follow-up in our clinic. A total of 88 of these 103 recipients were enrolled in our study according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria. A total of 47 patients were 1 year post-transplantation, and 41 were 5 years post-transplantation. In addition, 41 healthy volunteers were recruited from our physical examination clinic. Detailed T cell subpopulations from the peripheral blood were assessed via flow cytometry. The parental frequency of each subset was calculated and compared among the diverse groups.

Results

The demographics and baseline characteristics of every group were analyzed. The frequency of total T cells (CD3+) was decreased in the renal allograft recipients. No difference in the variation of the CD4+, CD8+, and activated (HLA-DR+) T cell subsets was noted among the diverse groups. Regarding T cell receptor (TCR) markers, significant reductions were found in the proportion of γδ T cells and their Vδ2 subset in the renal allograft recipients. The proportions of both CD4+ and CD8+ programmed cell death protein (PD) 1+ T cell subsets were increased in the renal allograft recipients. The CD27+CD28+ T cell proportions in both the CD4+ and CD8+ populations were significantly decreased in the allograft recipients, but the opposite results were found for both CD4+ and CD8+ CD27-CD28- T cells. An increased percentage of CD4+ effector memory T cells and a declined fraction of CD8+ central memory T cells were found in the renal allograft recipients.

Conclusion

Limited differences in general T cell subsets (CD4+, CD8+, and HLA-DR+) were noted. However, obvious differences between renal allograft recipients and healthy volunteers were identified with TCR, PD1, costimulatory molecules, and memory T cell markers.
Status of the Cultural Heritage Sites and Structures in Camalig, Province of Albay, Philippines: Basis for Sustainable Tourism Framework
Authors: Gonzales Maria Luisa N.
Published: February 2019

Cultural heritage is the legacy of physical artifacts, and intangible attributes of a group or club that are inherited from past generations kept up in the present and preserved for the welfare of future generations. It aimed to determine the natural and human-made attractions, its status along preservations, promotions, and Local Government unit contributions, the problems encountered and solutions recommended.  The study used the descriptive-correlational method of research by employing questionnaires, interviews and documentation of the structures and site to the 5 facilitators, 24 residents and 31 tourists in the community with 60 respondents and used the frequency distributions, percent count, weighted mean and the coefficient of concordance W. Data revealed that the heritage sites and structures were in the form of Natural Attractions and Man-Made attractions and presently considered much preserved, very much promoted with LGU Contribution as much effect, while, there was no significant agreement between the three groups of respondents along the status, and the null hypothesis was rejected. The problems encountered were much pressing, and solutions recommended as very much urgent. Thus, this research will provide to the understanding of the factors associating to the sustainability of the Heritage Site and Structure of a particular locality that can lead to goal fulfillment and, subsequently, impact tourism choice.
Martial Arts among the Bangsamoro Muslim: History, Tradition, Culture, and Religion
Authors: Umpa Morad Sabdullah
Published: February 2019

In Islam, there are four fundamental factors of social development and change – personality, tradition, accident, and people. The Qur’an says: “Verily never will God change the condition of a people until they change it themselves [with their souls]. (Q-13:11). Therefore, the researcher’s aim is assessing the integration of slamic values in the teaching of martial arts in the youth for them be good followers of Islam thru inculcation in their minds and their behavior the real sense of a true Muslim. Essentially, this study is descriptive, which aimed mainly to serve as an exposition on the Religion, Traditional Culture, and History of the Muslims in the Philippines and their implication relevance to martial arts. The various data collected through in-depth study, interview and observation showed that Islam prepares people to be a fruitful citizen in the society. It also aimed for the total development of man not only in the religious aspect. Thus, Martial arts play a vital role in Islam not just as a means of self-defense, but as a system of ethics. Man and fighting are by nature intimately related; in fact, history shows that they are inseparable. Locally, the Bangsamoro has a very rich historical foundation in martial arts that is directly derivable from the roots of Islamic propagation. And as man became civilized, hand-to-hand fighting also became specialized and humanized and, gradually.
CREATION AND STABILIZATION OF COASTAL BARRIER DUNES
Authors: Savage R.P. , Woodhouse W.W.
Published: February 2019

Experiments are underway along the coast of North Carolina using sand fences and dune grasses to create and stabilize a barrier dune line parallel to and behind the existing beaches of low lying barrier islands. Several miles of experimental sections have been established, and their effectiveness in trapping wind-blown sand has been analyzed. Results to date (1968) show that sand fences and dune grasses will trap wind-blown sand and create a barrier dune. A vigorous, rapidly-growing strip of American beachgrass, 90 feet wide, will trap and retain all of the sand being transported by the wind in the area. Thus, a stabilized dune can be "grown" in the area using American beachgrass. Sand fences have been shown to be effective sand traps and can be used where satisfactory plants are not available or where it may not be feasible to await the establishment of vegetation. Two methods of using sand fences to create large dunes have been investigated; both are workable. The use of fabrics as sand fences has been investigated; their effectiveness varies with the porosity of the fabric.
BEACH AND DUKE EROSION TESTS
Authors: Van der Meulen T. , Gourlay M.R.
Published: February 2019

In the Netherlands a large part of the country lying below sea level is protected by sand dunes. The erosion of sand dunes during storms at the North Sea, by which the strong wave action is attended with a high sea level, is therefore of extreme importance in the Netherlands. It is almost impossible to do adequate measurements along the coast during storms. Accordingly the Delft Hydraulics Laboratory was requested by the Public Works Department of the Dutch government to investigate in a model a number of matters related to both the maintenance of existing dunes and the design of artificial sand dunes as sea defence works. The investigations reported in this paper are concerned with the following problems a) the influence of the height of sand dunes upon the amount of coastal recession during storm conditions. b) the influence of the wave characteristics upon the amount of coastal recession. c) the differences in coastal recession and profiles obtained with regular waves and those obtained with wind waves. The reproduction on scale of the phenomena m the surf zone is a difficult matter. Many investigators have come to the conclusion that there are several scale effects. Till now our knowledge is not sufficient to determine the magnitude of the scale effects. Owing to this the described tests can give only qualitative information.