bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Podcast “Sandiwara Sastra” as a Media for the Development of Literary Works
Authors: Supriyono Nanda Meg Ryan Puspitasari , Pandin Moses Glorino Rumambo , Fadilah Nurul , Nuraeni Alvina , Friskilla Chica
Published: December 2021

Background: The development of technology has encouraged a more developed civilization. However, one of the impacts is causing low students’ interest in literature. In this case, optimizing digital media is one way of developing literary works. Based on this problem, the researchers set the question: What is the role of the podcast "Sandiwara Sastra" as an alternative to developing Indonesian literary works?. Purpose: This study aims to increase students' interest in literature and make the delivery of literary works flexible. Method: This study uses a qualitative descriptive method. The qualitative method uses an online survey that focuses on respondents' opinions with 44 college students. The sample criteria used are college students aged 19-25 years and have listened to podcasts. Then, the researcher used the interview method using ten interviewees to strengthen the results of the online survey analysis. Results: The role of the "Sandiwara Sastra" podcast can influence students' interpretations to study literature more flexibly and increase their interest in literature. Recommendation: This study is expected to increase college students' understanding and interest in literature through digital podcast media. Limitation: The limited variety of respondents who only cover college students, so generalization needs to be improved
Menyusun Laporan Keuangan
Authors: T Andi Marhuni
Published: December 2021

Laporan keuangan merupakan proses akhir dalam proses akuntansi yang mempunyai peranan penting bagi pengukuran dan penilaian kinerja sebuah perusahaan. Perusahaan-perusahaan di Indonesia, khususnya perusahaan yang go public diharuskan membuat laporan keuangan setiap periodenya. Laporan keuangan tersebut mempunyai tujuan untuk memberikan informasi tentang posisi keuangan, kinerja, dan arus kas perusahaan yang bermanfaat bagi sebagian besar kalangan pengguna laporan dalam rangka membuat keputusan-keputusan ekonomi serta menunjukkan pertanggungjawaban (stewardship) manajemen atas penggunaan sumber-sumber daya yang dipercayakan kepada mereka. Dewasa ini, banyak perusahaan berskala besar atau kecil, mempunyai perhatian yang besar di bidang keuangan.Dalam perkembangan dunia usaha yang semakin maju, persaingan antara satu perusahaan dengan perusahaan lainnya semakin tinggi mengakibatkan adanya perusahaan yang tiba-tiba mengalami kemunduran. Oleh karena itu, agar perusahaan dapat bertahan dan bisa tumbuh berkembang, perusahaan harus mencermati kondisi dan kinerja perusahaan. Untuk mengetahui dengan tepat bagaimana kondisi dan kinerja perusahaan maka dibutuhkan pula suatu analisis yang tepat. Oleh karena pentingnya laporan keuangan ini manajemen mempunyai kecenderungan untuk melakukan tindakan yang dapat membuat laporan keuangan menjadi lebih baik, kadang kala manajemen melakukan hal-hal yang mengubah laporan laba rugi untuk kepentingan pribadinya seperti mempertahankan jabatan atau mendapatkan bonus yang tinggi.
Penggunaan Media pada Pembelajaran Bahasa Indonesia untuk Siswa SMP/MTSN
Authors: Kultsum Ummi
Published: December 2021

Mata pelajaran bahasa Indonesia merupakan mata pelajaran wajib di setiap tingkat pendidikan di Indonesia. Pembelajaran bahasa Indonesia dilaksanakan mulai dari tingkat Sekolah Dasar, Sekolah Menengah Pertama, Sekolah Menengah Atas, dan Perguruan Tinggi. Kegiatan pembelajaran bahasa Indonesia pada setiap tingkat berlangsung dengan cara yang beragam. Penting bagi seseorang untuk memahami pembelajaran bahasa Indonesia demi kelangsungan hidupnya. Sesuai pada pembelajaran bahasa Indonesia yang mengenal dengan pembelajaran kontekstual, menurut A Yulia, et al, (2012) pembelajaran kontekstual adalah kegiatan belajar yang mengkaitkan materi pembelajaran dengan realitas dunia siswa, sehingga siswa mampu membuat hubungan antara pengetahuan yang dimilikinya dengan penerapan di kehidupan nyata. Seluruh materi pembelajaran bahasa Indonesia diharapkan dapat diterapkan dalam kehidupan nyata.
AXIOLOGICAL STUDIES THE INFLUENCE OF LITERARY WORKS MUSIC FOR HUMAN PHYSICAL CONDITION AND PSYCHOLOGY IN DIGITAL ERA
Authors: Suryanto Saddam Akmal , Pandin Moses Glorino Rumambo , Praditya Abdillah , Aruan Yoseph Rafael Parlindungan , Hartawan Febrian Dhani
Published: December 2021

Music is an art of composing tones or voices in order, combination, and temporal relations to produce a composition that has one unit and continuity. Music, according to experts, has a considerable impact on the human’s physical condition and psychology. This research intended to analyze music's influence related to human psychology and physical condition. This research uses descriptive methods through a qualitative approach by using a questionnaire survey and literature study. With this method, researchers can get two types of data that are primary data and secondary data. In the results of the study, at least 93,9% or 31 of 33 respondents say music can influence their mood. So that it can be concluded that music with physical condition and psychology are associated. The factors that make music influence human psychology and physical condition are rhythms, tempo, and lyrics that play an important role in a song so the listener can be affected psychologically or physically.
Use of Media in Indonesian Learning for High School Students
Authors: Lestari Suci
Published: December 2021

One of the success factors in learning is the teacher's ability toplanning and implementing learning. Effective learning activities cannot becomes by itself, but the teacher must create learning that allowsstudents achieve the learning objectives that have been set. Therefore, a process is neededoptimal delivery of information in learning. One of the efforts to createthe condition is the optimal use of learning media.Media is anything that can transmit messages, stimulate thoughts,feelings and willingness of students so as to encourage the learning process in him. MediaEducation is a set of tools or complementary used by teachers oreducators in order to communicate with students or learners. In learning Indonesian the media can optimize the processlearning. The use of media can also make learning fun.
Kaitan Pembelajaran Bahasa Indonesia dengan Lingkungan
Authors: Mita Laras
Published: December 2021

Lingkungan memiliki pengaruh terhadap diri seseorang, terutama dalam penggunaan bahasa. Bahasa merupakan alat komunikasi yang diperoleh manusia sejak lahir. Pemakaian bahasa berkaitan erat dengan hubungan sosial antarpenutur di tengah-tengah pembelajaran bahasa. Proses pembelajaran adalah proses interaksi peserta didik dan sumber belajar pada suatu lingkungan belajar.
Pentingnya Lingkungan dalam Pembelajaran Bahasa Indonesia
Authors: Aliyah Nurul
Published: December 2021

Lingkungan merupakan tempat beraktivitas dan berkembangnya kehidupan manusia. Banyak aktivitas yang dilakukan oleh manusia dilingkungan sekitar yang berpengaruh terhadap alam. Tanah longsor, banjir, pencemaran lingkungan, merupakan dampak dari aktivitas yang dilakukan oleh manusia sehingga merusak alam dan lingkungan sekitar. Kerusakan lingkungan berdampak juga pada sumber daya alam, iklim, polusi, makanan, dan ekonomi disekitarnya. Untuk itu diperlukan individu yang sadar dan bertanggungjawab terhadap lingkungan untuk mengatasi dan mencegah permasalah ini. Hal tersebut dapat di capai dengan menanamkan sejak dini kepada generasi muda tentang pentingnya menjaga lingkungan. Hal kecil seperti tidak membuang sampah sembarangan merupakan langkah awal yang bisa dilakukan.
Hubungan Lingkungan dengan Pembelajaran Bahasa Indonesia
Authors: Hasanah Uswatun
Published: December 2021

Lingkungan memiliki peran penting dalam pembelajaran bahasa Indonesia. materi yang ramah lingkungan dapat membantu siswa mengembangkan keterampilan dan minat serta dapat menumbuhkan semangat belajar bahasa Indonesia. materi lingkungan juga dapat memudahkan siswa dalam memahami materi bahasa Indonesia dengan baik, menambah wawasan, dan dapat membangun kecerdasan linguistik siswa.
FINAL PERBAIKAN EKONOMI MIKRO
Authors: Astuti Sri
Published: December 2021

-Ekonomi islam sebagai sistem perekonomian mempunyai cara dan strategis tersendiri dalam menekan inflasi yang jauh berbeda dengan sistem ekonomi lainnya. Pembangunan ekonomi siatu negara umumnya bertujuan untuk mewujudkan tingkat kesejahteraan ekonomi yang tinggi ditandai dengan penggunaan tenaga kerja penuh (full employment) berarti sedikit kapasitas pengangguran faktor produksi yang ada dalam perekonomian tersebut. Dan ada kalanya dapat menimbulkan masalah yang disebut inflasi.
The Relationship between Environment and Indonesian Language Learning
Authors: Aliyah Nurul
Published: December 2021

The environment has an important role in learning Indonesian. Environmentally friendly materials can help students develop skills and interests and can foster enthusiasm for learning Indonesian. Environmental materials can also make it easier for students to understand Indonesian language material well, add insight, and can build students' linguistic intelligence. Then Indonesian language subjects can provide comprehensive knowledge and skills about protecting the environment.
The Relationship between Environment and Indonesian Language Learning
Authors: Hasanah Uswatun
Published: December 2021

The environment has an important role in learning Indonesian. Environmentally friendly materials can help students develop skills and interests and can foster enthusiasm for learning Indonesian. Environmental materials can also make it easier for students to understand Indonesian language material well, add insight, and can build students' linguistic intelligence. Then Indonesian language subjects can provide comprehensive knowledge and skills about protecting the environment.
Penggunaan Media dalam Pembelajaran bahasa Indonesia pada Siswa SMA
Authors: Lestari Suci
Published: December 2021

Salah satu faktor keberhasilan dalam pembelajaran adalah faktor kemampuan guru dalammerencanakan dan melaksanakan pembelajaran. Kegiatan pembelajaran yang efektif tidak dapatmuncul dengan sendirinya, tetapi guru harus menciptakan pembelajaran yang memungkinkansiswa mencapai tujuan pembelajaran yang telah ditetapkan. Oleh karena itu, dibutuhkan prosespenyampaian informasi yang optimal dalam pembelajaran. Salah satu upaya agar terciptanyakondisi tersebut adalah pemanfaatan media pembelajaran yang optimal.Media merupakan segala sesuatu yang dapat menyalurkan pesan, merangsang pikiran,perasaan dan kemauan siswa sehingga mendorong terjadinya proses belajar pada dirinya. Mediapendidikan adalah seperangkat alat bantu atau pelengkap yang digunakan oleh guru ataupendidik dalam rangka berkomunikasi dengan siswa atau peserta didik. Dalam pembelajaran bahasa Indonesia media dapat mengoptimalkan prosespembelajaran. Penggunaan media juga dapat membuat pembelajaran menjadi menyenangkan.
Efektivitas Pemanfaatan Media Pembelajaran Bahasa Indonesia
Authors: Khairani Mutiara
Published: December 2021

Essai terkait dengan bagaimana efektivitas pemanfaatan media pembelajaran bahasa Indonesia bagi siswa Sekolah Menengah Atas. Penggunaan media pembelajaran modern yang memanfaatkan teknologi komunikasi dan informasi di era abad 21 ini memperkenalkan berbagai inovasi yang kreatif dalam menunjang pembelajaran bahasa Indonesia agar lebih menarik dan membangkitkan minat siswa dalam belajar. Tentunya, jika siswa sendiri sudah memiliki minat yang besar maka informasi pelajaran dapat diterima oleh siswa dengan mudah.
Tugas 4 Sistem Terdistribusi
Authors: Adiguna Andhika Farraz
Published: December 2021

Tugas 4 Sistem Terdistribusi
Fitri Mulyani (19016022) Esai Metlit Bahasa Indonesia
Authors: Mulyani Fitri
Published: December 2021

ESAI METODE PENELITIAN PEMBELAJARAN BAHASA INDONESIA
Adat Perkawinan Masyarakat Towani
Authors: Putri Andi Dhea Andini
Published: December 2021

Adat Perkawinan Masyarakat Towani
Dina Hutri Tubagus (19016014) Esai Metlit Bahasa Indonesia
Authors: Tubagus Dina Hutri
Published: December 2021

Esai Metode Penelitian Pembelajaran Bahasa Indonesia
RASIO LIKUIDITAS
Authors: amalia Reski
Published: December 2021

Rasio keuangan merupakan alat analisis untuk menjelaskan hubungan tertentu antara elemen yang satu dengan elemen yang lainnya dalam suatu laporan keuangan (financial statement). Analisis rasio keuangan merupakan salah satu teknik dalam menganalisis laporan keuangan untuk menilai kinerja keuangan suatu perusahaan dengan menghubungkan berbagai perkiraan yang terdapat pada laporan keuangan dalambentuk rasio keuangan yang menjelaskan kepada penganalisis mengenai keadaan atau posisi keuangan suatu perusahaan. Analisis rasio keuangan menurut Wild (2012:4) adalah bagian dari analisis bisnis atas prospek dan risiko perusahaan untuk kepentingan pengambilan keputusan dengan menstrukturkan tugas analisis melalui evaluasi atas bisnis lingkungan perusahaan, strateginya, serta posisi dan kinerja keuangannya.
The relationship of learning Indonesian and the environment (Kaitan Pembelajaran Bahasa Indonesia dengan Lingkungan)
Authors: Intania Dwi Putri
Published: December 2021

The environment is an influential component in implementing teaching and learning activities. The environment can also support the course of teaching and learning activities in schools. Schools with a clean environment will make students learn comfortably and vice versa. However, our level of awareness of the importance of the environment is still very minimal. Teachers as educators play an important role in teaching environmental education and raise awareness of students about the environment
Crocheted Indonesian Language Learning with the Environment
Authors: Oktari Lisna
Published: December 2021

Indonesian language learning with the environment is very influential. It is proved that inthe questionnaire higher number percentage strongly agree and agree rather than disagree andagree. Environmental education can be put into direct learning Indonesian language. Students candiintruksikan to make the text being studied with the theme of the environment. According to theauthor crocheted Indonesian language learning environment can facilitate teachers and students inteaching and understanding the material bahasa Indonesia motivating, creative, fun, andrewarding. The author hopes that menerapan environmental education that exist in Indonesianlanguage learning can make the environment better for the future.
Related To Indonesian Learning With The Environment
Authors: Nabila Aulia Putri
Published: December 2021

Environmental-based learning, especially Indonesian is an important aspect that must be taught to learners in the learning-teaching process in the classroom. This is because with learning like this it is expected that learners are able to grow awareness of the need to maintain the environment. Not only that, with the utilization of material about the environment in learning Indonesian it is expected that learners can create a sense of care and develop their mindset in a better direction. Because, a good environment is a good supporting aspect in learning.
Household Transmission Investigation: Design, Reporting and Critical Appraisal.
Authors: Price David J , Spirkoska Violeta , Marcato Adrian J , Meagher Niamh , Fielding James E , Karahalios Amalia , Bergeri Isabel , Lewis Hannah C , Valenciano Marta , Pebody Richard , McVernon Jodie , Villanueva-Cabezas JP
Published: December 2021

Household transmission investigations (HHTI) contribute timely epidemiologic knowledge in response to emerging pathogens. HHTIs conducted in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic in 2020-21 reported variable methodological approaches, producing epidemiological estimates that vary in meaning, precision, and accuracy. Since specific tools to assist with the optimal design and critical appraisal of HHTIs are not available, the aggregation and pooling of HHTI to inform policy and interventions may be challenging. In this manuscript, we discuss key aspects of the HHTI design, we provide recommendations for the reporting of these studies, and propose an appraisal tool that contributes to the optimal design and critical appraisal of HHTI studies. The appraisal tool consists of 12 questions that explore 10 aspects of HHTIs and can be answered ‘yes’, ‘no’ or ‘unclear’. The manuscript seeks to fill a gap in the epidemiologic literature and contribute to standardise HHTI approaches across settings, to achieve richer and more informative datasets. The manuscript also calls for a periodic revision of HHTI protocols and critical appraisal tools
Influence of air masses on microphone vibration sensitivity
Authors: Walsh Jonathan , Miles Ronald N
Published: December 2021

A study is presented of the primary design parameters that influence the vibration sensitivity of a microphone. The sensitivity to vibration is generally determined by the mass of the pressure-sensing diaphragm along with the mass of air that moves with it. The sound-sensing performance is improved as the pressure-sensing diaphragm is made thinner, but for a thin enough diaphragm, the moving air mass is not negligible relative to that of the diaphragm itself. In the present study, we develop a simple duct-acoustic model to account for the effect of the co-vibrating air. It is shown that an idealized massless, thin microphone diaphragm will still produce unwanted vibration signal due to acceleration of the air masses within the microphone. For a small microphone, the predicted pressure related acceleration sensitivity is found to be a simple function of the mass per unit area of the air inside of the microphone package. The acceleration sensitivity predicted using a finite element model of a one micrometer thick clamped flexible silicon diaphragm agrees with that predicted by the simple duct model. Measured and predicted acceleration sensitivities are compared for several MEMS and sub-miniature electret microphones of different back volume lengths . It is found that the primary design parameter determining vibration sensitivity for these microphones is the effective length of the column of air inside the microphone’s packaging. Microphones that have longer air-filled volumes had greater pressure related acceleration sensitivity.
Science for Others or the Self? Presumed Motives for Science Shape Public Trust in Science
Authors: Benson-Greenwald Tessa , Trujillo Alejandro , White Andrew David , Diekman Amanda
Published: December 2021

Science can improve life around the world, but public trust in science is at risk. Understanding presumed motives of scientists and science can inform the social psychological underpinnings of public trust in science. Across five independent datasets, perceiving the motives of science and scientists as prosocial promoted public trust in science. In Studies 1 and 2, perceptions that science was more prosocially oriented was associated with greater trust in science. Studies 3 and 4a-b employed experimental methods to establish that perceiving other-oriented motives, versus self-oriented motives, enhanced public trust in science. Respondents recommend greater funding allocations for science subdomains described as prosocially-oriented vs. power-oriented. Emphasizing the prosocial aspects of science can build stronger foundations of public trust in science.
A Perspective on Patient Centricity in Health Ecosystem: A Call for an Enabling Culture
Authors: AQEEL UBADA , Gera Shikha
Published: December 2021

Today, patients are more empowered and informative than ever because of which the aim of the health ecosystem is to centre on the patient centred goals. The term patient centricity is no longer a health care buzzword; however, a lot needs to be done to implement this concept in the real world. Therefore, the objective of the current research is to bring in the importance of cultural change in the health ecosystem for the smooth flow of patient centricity. The current research is exploratory in nature that tried to explore the concept of patient centricity in the health ecosystem through literature and interviews. The research utilized secondary sources such as Journal articles, reports, and such others to draw how OCTAPACE culture is important in health ecosystem for promoting patient centricity. The eight strong pillars of OCTAPACE are Openness, Confrontation, Trust, Autonomy, Proactivity, Authenticity, Collaboration, and Experimentation and its relationship with patient centricity is proposed. The researchers can reasonably deduce that patient centricity requires a changed mindset and vision shared by all the stakeholders. For this, support from regulators, pharmaceutical companies, health care professionals etc. are required. The current research is among a few researches that highlights the importance of OCTAPACE culture in health ecosystem. This construct to meet patient centric goals is worthy of additional study. From the practical standpoint, training can be provided to all the employees of the entire health ecosystem to incorporate the OCTAPACE culture and to meet the demands of the patients and caregivers.
The Future of Roots, Tubers and Bananas
Authors: Alene Arega , Gatto Marcel , Dofonsou Gbegbelegbe Sika , Hareau Guy , Okello Julius
Published: December 2021

This paper provides a focused, forward-looking perspective on Roots, Tubers, and Bananas to support discussion on food, land, and water systems transformation.
Antibacterial Effect of Essential Oils (Clove Oil, Castor Oil and Ginger Oil) Against Human Pathogenic Bacteria
Authors: Dulal Shraddha , Chaudhary Sujan , Dangi Chiranjibi , Sah Shiv Nandan
Published: December 2021

Essential oils are volatile, natural, complex compounds which are produced as secondary metabolites by plants for their protection against various microorganisms as well as pests. A wide range of plants have been explored for their essential oils in the past few decades. The study was conducted to determine the antibacterial activity of essential oils against human pathogenic bacteria which were gram positive (Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus pyogenes) as well as gram negative (Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Shigella sonnei). Five ml of three different oils, i.e. clove oil, castor oil, and ginger oil, were taken in a test tube so that each oil had four different concentrations. Four concentrations of (0, 25, 50 and 75) μL of oils were mixed with 1000, 975, 950 and 925 μL of DMSO respectively to make it a volume of 1ml. It was observed that clove oil was effective against the entire gram positive as well as gram negative bacteria that were used. The inhibition zone was greatest in the case of clove oil at 75 μL against P. aeruginosa (23 mm) and the smallest zone of inhibition was shown by castor oil against K. pneumoniae (12 mm). Other oils were sensitive as well as resistant to the bacteria. Hence, it is found that different oils have shown inhibitory activity towards different pathogens to a variable extent. However, clove oil was inhibitory to all the bacteria in all concentrations.
Int. J. Appl. Sci. Biotechnol. Vol 9(4): 250-255
Assessment of Trap Crops for The Wheat Bug, Nysius huttoni Management: A Cage Study
Authors: Tiwari Sundar
Published: December 2021

The wheat bug, Nysius huttoni, is an endemic New Zealand insect pest. Its feeding can seriously reduce crop establishment in forage A cage study was conducted in Lincoln University, New Zealand to evaluate the pest’s host preferences on four plant species. Kale plants (Brassica oleracea) were used as a potentially susceptible control and other four trap plants were tested to evaluate as potential trap-plants. These were: Lobularia maritima (alyssum), Triticum aestivum (wheat), Coriandrum sativum (coriander) and Trifolium repens (white clover). The alyssum plant was more attractive to the wheat bug. The survival rate and preferences of the wheat bug was significantly better than other four plants. The deployment of such flowering trap crops can potentially trap the wheat bug and also provide multiple ecosystem services (ES) in an agro-ecosystem. The findings can be used to develop the wheat bug management protocol and also potentially provide ecosystem services in brassica fields.
Fraseologismi con la componente somatica cuore nella lingua croata e italiana. Approccio contrastivo
Authors: Jovanović-Mihaylov Vesna , Marcol-Cacoń Lucyna
Published: December 2021

The article provides a cognitive analysis of phraseological units with the heart component in comparative terms. The purpose of the analysis is to show the similarities and differences in expressing emotions (positive, neutral and negative) between two languages originating from different linguistic groups: the Croatian language (South Slavic group) and the Italian language (from the group of the Romance languages). Phraseological units are analysed on the basis of three criteria: identical in both languages; partially adequate in both languages; idiomatic for one language. The research presents the motivation of phraseologisms and aims to prove that the heart is related to human emotional life and is a container for feelings.
Perspectives pour la linguistique : de la linguistique descriptive à la linguistique explicative
Authors: Banyś Wiesław
Published: December 2021

The text deals with one of the challenges of linguistics, which is to effectively combine description and explanation in linguistics.It is necessary that linguistic theories are not only capable of adequately describing their object of study within their framework, but they must also have a suitable explanatory power.Linguistics centred around the explanation of the why of the system is called here ‘explanatory’ or ‘non-autonomous’, in contrast to ‘descriptive’ or ‘autonomous’ linguistics, which is focused on the description of the system, the distinction being based on the difference in the objects of study, the goals and the descriptive and explanatory possibilities of the theories.From the point of view presented here, a comprehensive study of language has three main components: a general theory of what language is, a resulting theory and description, which is a function of this theory, of how language is organised, functions and has evolved in the human brain, and an explanation of the properties of language found.The explanatory value of a general linguistic theory is a function of various elements, among others, the quantity of the primitive elements of the theory adopted and the effectiveness of Ockham’s razor principle of simplicity. It is also a function of the quality of those elements which can be drawn not only from within the system, but also from outside the system becoming in this situation logically prior to the object under study.In science, in linguistics, one naturally needs two types of approach, two types of linguistics, descriptive/autonomous and explanatory/non-autonomous, one must first describe reality in order to explain it. But it is also certain that since the aim of science is to explain in order to reach that higher level of scientificity above pure description, it is necessary that this aim be realized in different linguistic theories within different research programs, uniting descriptivist and explanatory approaches.
Długa droga do litewskiego przekładu Traktatu poetyckiego Czesława Miłosza
Authors: Kalęba Beata
Published: December 2021

W 2021 roku ukazał się litewski przekład Traktatu poetyckiego Czesława Miłosza pióra Tomasa Venclovy. Niniejszy artykuł powstał z inspiracji tym wydarzeniem literackim. Pierwsza część szkicu jest poświęcona rekonstrukcji obecności utworów Miłosza w litewskiej literaturze przekładowej od lat 30. XX wieku po dziś dzień oraz miejscu Miłosza w edukacji literackiej w litewskich i polskich szkołach na Litwie. O ile w szkołach Miłosz jest czytany przede wszystkim przez pryzmat obecnych w jego utworach tematów i motywów litewskich, o tyle historia tłumaczeń ukazuje, że zainteresowanie nim wśród Litwinów rozwijało się dwutorowo: po pierwsze — ze względu na osobiste kontakty pisarza nawiązane jeszcze przed II wojną światową w Wilnie (np. z poetą i tłumaczem Juozasem Kėkštasem); po wtóre — ze względu na to, że problematyka twórczości Miłosza, zwłaszcza tej z lat 40., 60., odpowiadała na potrzeby intelektualne i estetyczne części pisarzy i intelektualistów litewskich tamtego czasu. Chodzi tu o środowisko emigracyjne, reprezentowane przez literatów i artystów skupionych wokół czasopisma „Literatūros lankai” (1952—1959) oraz intelektualistów związanych z liberalnym ruchem Santara-Šviesa (1957); to jemu poświęcona jest druga część artykułu.
Međuratni modernizam: Nałkowska i Krleža — metafora »zle ljubavi« poljske i hrvatske književnosti [Modernizm międzywojenny: Nałkowska i Krleža – metafora »niedobre miłości« literaturach polskiej i chorwackiej]
Authors: Rogić Musa Tea
Published: December 2021

U radu se pokušava elaborirati narav paralelizma između dvaju modernizama, onako kako su se znakovi književne epohe očitovali u ovdje izabranim proznim djelima Zofje Nałkowske i Miroslava Krleže. Sama činjenica da je u sinkroniji s uzletom recepcije njezinih djela u domaćoj, poljskoj sredini Nałkowska prevedena na hrvatski jezik nema relevantnost kao književnopovijesni predmet ako se u raspravu ne uključi pitanje, čiji je odgovor krajnji cilj ovoga rada, pripadaju li Nałkowska i Krleža istoj vrsti europskoga modernizma i što taj pojam u poljskoj i hrvatskoj književnosti označuje u međuratnom razdoblju.
Pożegnanie Profesora Borisa Paternu
Authors: Tokarz Bożena
Published: December 2021

Boris Paternu (1926—2021)
Regionalne ujednolicenie prawa prywatnego międzynarodowego w Skandynawii ze szczególnym uwzględnieniem spraw spadkowych
Authors: Klimala Jagoda
Published: December 2021

The aim of the following article is to introduce characteristics of the Nordic countries’ cooperation in the field of private international law, with particular emphasis on legislative cooperation concerning matters of inheritance law. The study discusses the genesis, characteristics and methods of legislative cooperation, along with selected Nordic conventions on private international law. As an example of a legal act of such kind, the article presents the Convention of 19 November 1934 comprising private international law provisions on succession, wills and estate administration, the detailed analysis of which was based on the author’s translation of the act from Swedish to Polish. Selected detailed issues discussed in the content of the Convention were also presented, some of which were compared to the solutions adopted by Regulation (EU) No 650/2012 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 4 July 2012.
Swobodny przepływ dokumentów w Unii Europejskiej: znaczenie i oddziaływanie rozporządzenia 2016/1191
Authors: Zachariasiewicz Maciej
Published: December 2021

The article is dedicated to the (still relatively unknown) EU Regulation 2016/1191. The Regulation disposes of some of the formalities with respect to circulation of the public documents within EU. In particular, no legalization in any form, including the apostille under the Hague Convention, will be needed with respect to documents covered by the Regulation. Unliked originally planned by the Commission, the Regulation does not, unfortunately, completes a more challenging goal of mandating recognition of the civil status throughout the Union. This issue still remains subject to national conflict-of-law rules. Moreover, the scope of Regulation is relatively narrow. It does not, again regrettably, apply to many public documents which are crucial in cross-border transactions (excerpts from commercial registers, powers of attorney for sale of immovable property).

The author analyses to what extent Regulation 2016/1191 offers progress in circulation of documents. This question is first raised in light of the long standing application of the Hague Apostille Convention. The author then attempts to discern the effective role of the Regulation given the fact that under Article 1138 of the Polish Code of Civil Procedure, no legalization in any form is in principle required for the foreign public documents to be treated as authentic and official proof in Poland (although the practice often is to ask for the apostille even if not required by law). Still, the Regulation 2016/1138 might come of assistance for the parties in some respects. First, it will facilitate acceptance of Polish public documents in those Member States, which have so far required apostille. Second, the Regulation may help to overcome an incorrect practice in Poland of requiring apostille by the officials, where Article 1138 actually dispenses of such formality. Third, the Regulation introduces an administrative cooperation based on the IMI system which allows to verify doubts as to the authenticity of the public document from another Member States. This last feature of the Regulation, it is argued, may prove of its true value to the freedom of circulation of public documents within the EU.
Fikcja, która leczy. Wojenne powieści Kimberly Brubaker Bradley (Wojna, która ocaliła mi życie oraz Wojna, którą w końcu wygrałam)
Authors: Mytych-Forajter Beata
Published: December 2021

Artykuł stanowi interpretację dwóch książek amerykańskiej pisarki Kimberly Brubaker Bradley, poświęconych II wojnie światowej na Wyspach Brytyjskich oraz dramatowi dwójki rodzeństwa, ofiar przemocy domowej. Dziecięcy adresat utworów oraz dziecięca bohaterka i narratorka obu tomów to czynniki konstrukcyjne umożliwiające postawienie pytań o terapeutyczną moc literatury dla niedorosłych. Wpisane w fabułę obu powieści akty lektury książek dla dzieci oraz świadectwa ich twórczego wyzyskiwania w procesie rozwoju małoletnich bohaterów dowodzą siły odpowiednio zaprojektowanej fikcji, za sprawą której dziecięcy protagoniści zdobywają język do nazywania własnych stanów oraz porcję nadziei i wiary w przyjazny, opiekuńczy świat, co w wojennym oraz przemocowym kontekście wydawać się może odrobinę utopijne, jednak konieczne, by osłonić rozwijającą się dopiero psychikę (bohatera i wirtualnego odbiorcy) przed nadmiarem bólu i strachu.
Bajka dla dzieci o wojnie i Holokauście
Authors: Gajda Kinga Anna
Published: December 2021

Celem artykułu jest opisanie funkcji bajki o wojnie i Holokauście skierowanej do dzieci. Na przełomie XX i XXI wieku zmieniła się czwarta literatura, poszerzając swój zakres tematyczny o zagadnienia związane z II wojną światową i Zagładą. W Polsce najwięcej takich bajek powstało po 2010 roku. Ich kanwę stanowią prawdziwe wydarzenia, dokumenty, zdjęcia, sylwetki i biografie znanych osób, ocalonych i Sprawiedliwych wśród Narodów Świata. Ich autorami są reprezentanci pierwszego i drugiego, a następnie i trzeciego pokolenia. Choć nie wszyscy teoretycy zgodni są co do tego, że dzieciom powinno się opowiadać o traumatycznych wydarzeniach, autorzy przywoływanych bajek dowodzą celowości tworzenia takiej literatury. Bajki o wojnie i Holokauście mają za zadanie zaświadczać o trudnej przeszłości, rozliczyć się z nią. Pozwalają na poznanie historii, wyciągnięcie z niej wniosków, definiowanie człowieczeństwa i przeciwdziałanie dyskryminacji. Tworząc most pomiędzy historią a mitem, prawdziwością a prawdą, kształtują tożsamość kulturową. W artykule szczególnie skupiono się na intertekstualności bajek oraz relacjach drugiego pokolenia na temat Zagłady i wojny.
Tokarczuk dla wszystkich. Adaptacja tekstu prozatorskiego do nauczania języka polskiego jako obcego na niższych poziomach zaawansowania
Authors: Koziołkiewicz Elżbieta
Published: December 2021

Celem artykułu jest wskazanie, jak włączyć teksty prozatorskie do pracy z uczącymi się języka polskiego jako obcego na niższych poziomach zaawansowania (do B1 włącznie). Pierwszą część tekstu poświęcono przeglądowi dostępnych materiałów edukacyjnych i opracowań teoretycznych na temat literatury w glottodydaktyce. Na podstawie tych rozpoznań sformułowano ogólne założenia dotyczące wyboru utworów do nauczania języka polskiego — za wartościowe w nauczaniu uznano teksty współczesne oraz potencjalnie bliskie odbiorcom za sprawą uniwersalnych tematów i, w miarę możliwości, realiów. Podkreślono konieczność adaptacji tekstu do zajęć dydaktycznych (wskazując inne poświęcone temu zagadnieniu artykuły). Druga część szkicu stanowi praktyczny przewodnik po adaptacji utworu literackiego (tu: opowiadania Olgi Tokarczuk Pasażer z tomu Opowiadania bizarne) do nauczania języka polskiego jako obcego. Za szczególnie istotne w procesie adaptacji uznano ograniczenie ingerencji w tekst do niezbędnych zabiegów oraz wykorzystanie internacjonalizmów i synonimów. Wskazano również korzyści płynące z równoległej lektury więcej niż jednej uproszczonej wersji oryginału.
Im dalej w las, tym więcej drzew? Kształtowanie wrażliwości na naturę w edukacji polonistycznej w szkole podstawowej
Authors: Lange Aleksandra
Published: December 2021

Kryzys ekologiczny jest traktowany jako jedno z wyzwań XXI wieku. Artykuł ma na celu udowodnienie, że na lekcjach języka polskiego w szkole podstawowej jest wskazane poruszanie problematyki zmian klimatycznych. Powinno dziać się to dzięki analizie i interpretacji tekstów literackich w duchu humanistyki ekologicznej i zaangażowanej. Zostają podane przykładowe lektury i konkretne rozwiązania, które można wykorzystać podczas ich opracowywania. Szczególna rola w proponowanej koncepcji edukacji ekologicznej na języku polskim jest powierzona literaturze faktu. W oparciu o współczesne reportaże omówione zostają postawy „humanisty sygnalisty” oraz „nieposłuszeństwa ekologicznego”. Pracę nad tymi teksami zostaje umieszczona w szerszym kontekście – społecznym, politycznym, moralnym. W zakończeniu zwrócono uwagę na ideę powrotu do życia w zgodzie z naturą i konieczności zwrócenia uwagi na rolę przyrody w wychowaniu i edukacji.
Impietas G. Juliusza Cezara
Authors: Kowalski Henryk
Published: December 2021

Artykuł poświęcony jest oskarżeniom G. Juliusza Cezara o impietas. Zarzuty kierowane pod adresem dyktatora obejmowały: niewiarę w życie pozagrobowe i karę po śmierci, naruszenie sacrosanctitas trybunów ludowych, znieważenie świątyni Jowisza na Kapitolu, w której umieszczono posąg wodza w kwadrydze, oraz świątyni Kwirynusa, gdzie złożono portret Cezara z napisem „bogu niezwyciężonemu” (Deo invicto), a także violatio luci (wycięcie świętego gaju w okolicy Marsylii), działania contra auspicia w 59 roku p.n.e., wywołanie wojny domowej, uznawanej za bellum impium, oraz impietas pośmiertne (Parentalia i supplicationes ku czci Cezara).
Rydwan celtycki w dobie wojen cezariańskich
Authors: Szubelak Bronisław
Published: December 2021

Wykorzystywanie rydwanu w boju miało długą tradycję na starożytnym Bliskim Wschodzie, lecz nie w północnej Europie. Na jej wielu obszarach wozy bojowe i konie zaprzęgowe składano do grobu razem z arystokratycznymi przywódcami. Rydwany służyły w Europie do ok. 100 r. p.n.e., ale w Brytanii wykorzystywano je znacznie dłużej. Ich prędkość i zwrotność generowały Rzymianom poważne problemy. Nie posyłano ich do szarży przeciw liniom wroga. Wojownik walczył z rydwanu przeciw konnicy, lecz zazwyczaj schodził z pudła i walczył pieszo zarówno z jazdą, jak i piechotą. W Brytanii wiele koni wielkością przypominało współczesne pony rasy Dartmoor i nadawało się jedynie do zaprzęgania w rydwanach. Galowie z kontynentu natomiast nauczyli się hodować większe konie, które mogły dźwigać na grzbiecie wojownika w pełnym uzbrojeniu. Rydwany Brytów raczej nie posiadały kos. Nie ma żadnych dowodów archeologicznych na istnienie takich rydwanów w Brytanii.
Veduta dell’Anfiteatro Flavio detto il Colosseo Giovanniego Battisty Piranesiego
Authors: Trygar Barbara
Published: December 2021

W artykule poddano analizie rycinę Veduta dell’Anfiteatro Flavio detto il Colosseo Giovanniego Battisty Piranesiego w kontekście badań nad „miejscami pamięci”, których prekursorem był Pierre Nora. Dzieło artystyczne jest wytworem materialnym, jednocześnie zawiera w sobie ideę i odnosi się do świata wartości. Pozwala to odbiorcy przejść w procesie jego percepcji od poziomu realnego do metafizycznego.
Karl Schikorski — nazistowski „polakożerca” z Tychów
Authors: Węcki Mirosław
Published: December 2021

W czasie II wojny światowej wielu górnośląskich Niemców, przedwojennych obywateli II Rzeczypospolitej, aktywnie poparło nazistowski reżim okupacyjny. Już po wojnie jeden z polskich mieszkańców górnośląskiego miasta Tychy tak o nich pisał: „Jak my takiego traktowali? Jak wroga. Człowiek się go boł, nie dlatego, że German, ino że nazista”. Na taką opinię niewątpliwie zasłużył tyski volksdeutsch — Karl Schikorski. Tamtejsi Polacy znajdowali dla niego po wojnie tyko jedno określenie — „polakożerca”.
Transitivity of Try and V Construction in British and American English
Authors: Mustafa Faisal , Yusuf Syamsul Bahri
Published: December 2021

Try and V construction is prevalent in British and American English. This construction is found in both spoken and written English, although with different frequencies. The verb in this construction only appears in in the base form. The lack of research on this verb formation leaves many aspects unexplored, one of which is the transitivity of the verb. Therefore, this study is intended to find out the number of arguments informed by this construction by matching the number of arguments to the verb try and the verb following it after the conjunction and. Two verbs were used to test this match, i.e., give and bring, which are three-place predicate verbs, and other two two-place predicate verbs, i.e., see and answer, were used to validate the finding. British National Corpus (BNC) and Corpus of Contemporary American English (COCA) were used to collect the data. The findings show that the number of arguments matched the verb following the conjunction and. Therefore, it can be concluded the number of arguments in try and V construction is not unique to this construction, but it is similar to the try to V, where V is the non-finite verb which selects the number of arguments. This result suggests that try and V construction needs to be included in English grammar textbooks in order that non-native speakers can use and understand this rare grammatical rule in appropriate contexts.
Assessment of Quality of Life in a Sample of Iraqi Patients with Psoriasis.
Authors: H. Abdulridha Sarah , J. Kadhim Dheyaa , A. Abdul Razzak Sarmad
Published: December 2021

Psoriasis is a dermatological, chronic, immune-mediated condition. Psoriasis symptoms are not associated with physical burden only, but it may also have psychosocial effects on patients, diminished cognitive control, poor body image and impairments in everyday life. The value of quality of life is important since improving it is the principal goal for non-curative disease. The aim of the current study was to evaluate quality of life in a sample of Iraqi patients with psoriasis. This study is a cross-sectional study that involved 300 already diagnosed psoriasis patients who attended to the center of Dermatology and Venereology, Medical City/Baghdad. The mean age of patients was (35.156 ±10.549 years). The Arabic version of Dermatology Life Quality Index was used to assess quality of life.  The mean total score is 11.29± 5.45 and the majority of the patients (53.7%) had a total score of more than 10, which indicates a significant deterioration in patients’ quality of life. The greatest impact was found in symptoms and feelings (mean = 1.66 ± 0.75) while the lowest impact was noted in personal relationships (0.51± 0.65). Increasing age and monthly income as well as vulgaris type of psoriasis associated significantly better quality of life. While Psoriasis Area and Severity Index associated significantly worse quality of life. In conclusion, psoriasis exerts significant, negative impact on patients’ quality of life, especially among those with younger age, lower monthly income, high disease activity, and types of psoriasis other than vulgaris.
Identification and Isolation of Caffeic, Chlorogenic and Ferulic Acids in Aerial Parts of Capparis spinosa wildly grown in Iraq
Authors: Hussein Asmaa M. , Kadum Enas J.
Published: December 2021

Capparis spinosa is one of the oldest genera grown in Iraqi land with worldwide traditional medicinal uses beside the culinary uses. These uses were own to the presence of many phytochemical including flavonoids, polyphenols. Among the reported polyphenolic acids are caffeic, chlorogenic and ferulic acids with well-known powerful antioxidant properties. The present work aimed to identify the presence of these polyphenolic acids in Iraqi caper naturally gown in the rural area of middle Iraq following standard chromatographic procedures. Aerial parts of the plant (buds, berries and leaves) were extracted with hydroalcoholic solvent by maceration method. Thin layer chromatographic techniques and HPLC analysis were performed to identify the presence of polyphenolic acids in ethyl acetate fraction of the hydroalcoholic extracts. The result obtained in this work revealed the presence of these phenolic acids in investigated extracts. Chromatographic analysis confirms the presence of considerable amounts of these acids in ethyl acetate fraction when the separated spots were compared with Rf values and UV spectra of standards. Such data give a promising use of aerial parts of Iraqi caper for globally reported medicinal uses.
Preparation, Characterization and Ex vivo Permeability Study of Transdermal Apixaban O/W Nanoemulsion Based Gel
Authors: R. Abdulbaqi Mustafa , A.Rajab Nawal
Published: December 2021

This study designed to prepare ultrafine apixaban (APX) o/w nanoemulsion (NE) based gel with droplet size below 50 nm as a good method for transdermal APX delivery without using permeation enhancer, alternatively, the formulation components itself act as permeation enhancer. APX, a potent oral anticoagulant drug that selectively and directly inhibit coagulation factor Xa, was selected as a good candidate for transdermal delivery as it displays poor water solubility (0.028 mg/mL) and low bioavailability (50%). APX-NE gel was prepared using triacetin, triton-x-100 and carbitol as oil phase, surfactant and cosurfactant respectively, while Carbopol 940 used as a gelling agent. Ex vivo permeation of APX-NE gel through human stratum corneum reveal
Association of Retinol Binding Protein- 4 (RBP4) with Glycemia, Dyslipidemia, Hypertension, and Obesity in Type 2 Diabetic Iraqi Patients
Authors: Jabbar Thair L. , A. Kasim Ali
Published: December 2021

Abstract:

Background: Retinol binding protein 4 (RBP4), an adipokine that participate in a lipid metabolism or insulin resistance through a complex regulatory network. Recently, RBP4 was reported to be associated with many cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) risk factors in patients of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). This study aims to study the correlation of  serum RBP4 with some markers of glycemic control, dyslipidemia, hypertension and obesity in T2DM Iraqi patients.

Subjects and Methods: one hundred fifty participants were enrolled in this coss-sectional study, 120 of participants were T2DM patients and 30 were apparently healthy individuals to serve as control group.

Results: Serum RBP4 levels are higher in T2DM patients with poor glycemic control, dyslipedemia, hypertension, or obesity compared  to the control group. Serum RBP4 is positively correlated with body mass index, fasting blood glucose, glycosylated hemoglobin, systolic blood pressure (P<0.001), and plasma triacylglycerols, very low density lipoprotein cholesterol, and low density lipoprotein cholesterol (P<0.05) and negatively correlated with high density lipoprotein cholesterol (P<0.001).

Conclusion: serum RBP4 is correlated with many risk factors of CVD in T2DM Iraqi patients.

 

keywords: RBP4, type 2 diabetes mellitus, dyslipidemia, hypertension, obesity