bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Factors impeding citrus supply chain in Central Punjab, Pakistan
Authors: Usman Muhammad , Ashraf Ijaz , Chaudhary Khalid M. , Talib Umair
Published: April 2019

Pakistan is one of the largest citrus producer and leading exporter of Kinnow in world. Average production of this vital fruit comparatively lower than potential and in result, minor contributions comes to national economy and livelihoods of the growers. Present study was designed to analyze factors impeding citrus supply chain in Toba Tek Singh District of the Punjab province. Through multistage sampling technique 120 citrus growers were selected. Data were collected through face to face interview technique with the help of structured, validated, reliable and pre-tested questionnaire. Collected data were analyzed by using Statistical package for Social Sciences (SPSS). Findings unveiled that black marketing of fertilizers, shortage of labor; lack of technical knowledge and shortage of finance were major factors impeding production of citrus crop. Monopoly of middle-man; late payments by the dealers; lack of storage facilities; high storage cost and less price of citrus set by the government were leading barriers of marketing. Study recommended that development of effective marketing system, subsidies on inputs and initiation of direct marketing for small farmers in particular. Study further urges development of affordable machinery for growers to encounter labor shortage problems.
Benefits of social ties in farmer groups at agricultural extension planning in the district of Lima Puluh Kota, Indonesia
Authors: Reza Muhamad , Noer Melinda , Asmawi Yonariza
Published: April 2019

Social ties is an important form of social capital in community groups, including farmer groups, because it will determine the activity of the group. Social ties can be formed based on the connection between ancestry and non-ancestry relationships. This article examines the benefits of the farmer group social ties in the agricultural extension planning process in Kabupaten Lima Puluh Kota, a case study of farmer groups at the village level (nagari). The research design used is mixed methods research, that is a combination of qualitative and quantitative methods simultaneously with the weight of the method more pressed on qualitative methods. The type of the research used is case study. Three villages as the locations of this case study are Nagari Balai Panjang, Tanjuang Gadang and Batu Balang Kabupaten Lima Puluh Kota. Site selection was done purposively, with the reason that farmer groups in the three nagari have social bonding based on the connection between ancestry and non-ancestry relationships. Data collection techniques are interviews, questionnaires, documentation, and observation. Data were obtained from key informants from the leader of farmer groups as many as thirteen (13) people and agricultural extension workers as many as three (3) people with snowball techniques. Data ware analyzed by qualitative descriptive techniques using data interpretation analysis tools, and quantitative data is analyzed by scoring techniques using the Arnstein participation ladder. The result of the research proves that social ties of the farmer group play a role as a mobilizer of the participation of the group members in improving the village level agricultural planning process (nagari). The participation level of farmers in the village (nagari) of study cases is at tokenism level up to citizen power for each stage of composing agricultural extension program.
A Climate Resilient Management Practice in Rice Farming: Adoption of alternate wetting and drying in Bangladesh
Authors: Mahadi Musfiq Al , Rahman Zulfikar M. , M. Sarker Asaduzzaman M. Sarker
Published: April 2019

AbstractThe aims of the study were to investigate the adoption status of alternate wetting and drying (AWD), finding out the reasons that affect in adoption of AWD and exploring the problems in practicing AWD at farm level. Data were collected from farmers of selected two villages named Noyanagar and Dhinagar of Jhilim union under Sadar upazila (sub-district) of Chapai Nawabganj district during August, 2016. Randomly chosen 80 (40 adopters and 40 non-adopters of AWD) rice farmers were the sample drawn from a population of 600 rice farmers. For collecting quantitative and qualitative data both structured questionnaire and checklists were used. In the study area the level of adoption was at satisfactory level due to the scarcity of water especially in Boro seasons although the technique of AWD was not practiced properly. Majority (80%) of the AWD adopters received preliminary information on this technology mainly from grassroots level extension officers of DAE. Yet, more than half (60%) of the respondents did not receive any training on AWD. This is why a good number of the AWD practicing farmers (45%) had low knowledge on the technology which lowered the rate of adoption. According to the majority of the adopter farmers (92%), main reason of adoption of this technology was for saving irrigation cost. On the other hand, mismatching of existing irrigation scheme with AWD was the major barrier for the adoption according to 98% of the farmers. The existing pattern of irrigation scheme created major problems for practicing AWD as perceived by the farmers (80%). Therefore, the policy maker may rethink on the irrigation policy to rearrange this irrigation scheme. Besides,proper motivational activities should be launched by the different GOs and NGOs in collaboration with DAE to increase the rate of adoption of this water saving technology.
Usability attributes influencing the adoption and use of mobile apps for dissemination of agricultural information
Authors: Kandagor Jonathan C. , Githeko Jason M. , Opiyo Arnold M.
Published: April 2019

Mobile apps such as social media have friendly attributes and unbiased usage across gender and age; and have become one of the most promising channels for dissemination of agricultural information. The current sources of agricultural information available to farmers do not allow a two-way flow of information and instant feedback. The information disseminated using such channels are generally not customized to specific farmers’ needs. Despite the availability of various mobile apps providing agricultural information, the adoption rate is too minimal. The aim of this study was to determine the usability attributes of social media influencing its adoption and use. A semi-structured questionnaire was used to collect data from a sample of 149 respondents. The respondents were selected through purposive sampling technique from a population comprising of farmers, extension staff, lecturers and students enrolled in agricultural courses participating in the Farm Attachment Program of Egerton University.  Data collected was analysed using Statistical Packages for Social Sciences (SPSS) and probit regression was used to analyse expected probability of social media adoption. The findings indicate that the main usability attributes of social media are Ease of use, usefulness, credibility, flexibility and Internet availability. Mobile apps being used to disseminate agricultural information should incorporate some of the usability attributes that have significantly influenced the adoption and use of social media to enhance its uptake and use.
Snapshot of public and private agricultural extension services in balochistan: an approaches for the discipline
Authors: Mengal Ahmed A. , Baloch Fateh M. , Siddique Akhtar A. , Rehman Zia Ur
Published: April 2019

Present study was examined the perceived limiting factors within agriculture extension system in Balochistan, Pakistan. One hundred (100) Extension Field Staff (EFS) were selected by using simple random sampling technique for the present study form the public and private extension services. A research instrument based on 5-point Likert scale was used so as to acquire the information from the EFS. Nonparametric Statistics i.e. Mann and Whitney’s U Test (1947) as appropriate between dual groups was calculated so as to find out the relationships between variables that have significance differences at p<.005. The results depicted that significant differences were found 4 out of 10 categories regarding the extension teaching methods therefore, null hypothesis 1 was rejected. Further, ten (10) statements observed to found statistical non-significant at all regarding sources of information. Hence, the HO2 was accepted in the favor of alternate hypothesis. Based on aforementioned outcomes following recommendations put-forward. Dissemination of improved and useful information’s to the farmers are the vivid encouragement tools and energizer trends about crop production dynamics in this regard, it is therefore suggested that, extension teaching methods (individuals and groups contact methods) such as demonstration plots, farm visits, home visits, uses audio-visual media, seminar, campaigns, workshops, trainings should be arranged at districts and province level so that activate the entire agricultural extension system. Active crop maximization approach should be implemented in preliminary stages in order to increases the income generations and livelihood options of the farmers.
Farmers involvement in farmer-based organization and perceived challenges: a case of Oshikoto region, Namibia
Authors: Jona Cecilie N. , Nghixulifwa Margareth N.
Published: April 2019

Farmer-based organisations (FBOs) are formed in the communal farming communities, mostly by Agricultural Support Services (ASS) providers with the aim that rural communities will become sustainable and manage their own community development activities. However, too often these FBOs do not receive sufficient support and training from the ASS providers and do not advance from being mere participants to being self-reliant as organisations so that they can make their own decisions as a group. This paper will analyse farmer participation and involvement in FBOs and the challenges faced by FBOs. Using a random sampling technique, data were collected from 150 farmers from six constituencies in the Oshikoto region. The findings showed that only 65 out of 150 respondents belonged to an FBO. There were slightly more female respondents (52.3%) than male respondents (47.7%). Most FBO respondents participated at the constituency level (64.6%), while 44.6% participated at the village level. Only 12.3% participated at the regional level, while none participated at the national level. Eighty per cent (80%) of the respondents indicated that their main objective for joining the FBO was to obtain technical skills. However, 83.1% of the FBOs experienced the problem of members not attending meetings and 78.5% indicated that members do not pay registration fees and annual fees. The researcher concluded that the FBOs in the Oshikoto region need continuous training in various courses such as group dynamics, communication skills, and soft skills to run their FBOs successfully
Analysis of crop residues availability for animal feed in Kebbi State, Nigeria
Authors: Illo A. I. , Kamba Ango A. , Umar S. , Abubakar A.
Published: April 2019

This study analyzed the use of crop residues in animal feeding in Kebbi state, Nigeria. Data for the study was generated through the use of structured questionnaire and three points Likert rating scale and data obtained was analyzed using descriptive statistics. Results of the study revealed that all (100%) the respondents were male, active and productive in ages (18-47 years) with majority having non - formal education (Qur’anic education) and common mode of land acquisition being through inheritance (70%). Findings of the study further revealed that the common crop residue utilized by the respondents was groundnut haulm (40%) and both cowpea haulm and millet stalks (20%) that were mostly (89%) sourced from their farms, stored and preserved through baling (71%). Majority (90%) of the respondents infer that large proportion of the metabolizable energy is wasted during eating and digestion of low quality crop residues. The study concluded that groundnut haulms and sorghum stalks were the common crop residues utilized for feeding animals, mostly stored and preserved locally with the use of silos and drums. The study recommends that government and the respondents should come up with modern storage and preservation methods of crop residues in order to improve its nutrient value and avoid spoilage.
Contribution of exotic chicken breeds to dietary diversity of the rural households in Ethiopia
Authors: Abadi Teklemariam
Published: April 2019

The study was conducted in midland and lowland agro-ecological zone of North western zone of Tigray, Ethiopia. Two districts were selected purposively based on their potential exotic chicken breed production. Out of the total chicken producers in the study area 264 farmers, 132 from each of the two districts were selected randomly using systematic random sampling methods. It was conducted in cross sectional survey data from 264 respondents in 2016. Its aim was to assess the contribution of producing exotic chicken to dietary diversity of the rural households with 24 hours recall method. The study examines the study area is characterized in a low dietary diversity mainly defined by starchy staples (grains, condiments, oil or fats) at the expense of protein sources (meat, fish, fruits, vegetables, eggs). The result also indicates that there is a higher probability of the exotic chicken producers groups to move from a medium dietary diversity status to a high dietary diversity status as compared with indigenous chicken producers. Based on the study result, there is possibility to improve dietary diversity and income of the households through introduction and dissemination of exotic chicken breeds to rural households. Hence, governmental and non-governmental organizations should help in intervention of exotic chicken breed to the farm households by giving different incentives.
An assessment of effectiveness of participatory video and drama in enhancing learning of “climate-smart” push-pull technology: a case study of butere and vihiga farmers in western Kenya
Authors: George Wakesho , Jimmy Pittchar , Charles Midega , Zeyaur Khan
Published: April 2019

This study assessed the effectiveness of participatory video and drama in enhancing learning of climate-smart push-pull technology in western Kenya. A total of 80 farmers who had no knowledge of push pull technology were exposed to participatory drama and video that had been developed by farmers who are adopting push pull technology. Validated questionnaires were used for data collection where sampled non push pull farmers were interviewed before and after exposure to push pull knowledge using participatory video and drama. Data obtained was analyzed using chi square at 0.05 confidence level set a priori and also presented using frequency tables, percentages, charts and averages relevant. Results show that the effectiveness of participatory video and drama in disseminating   push pull content is significantly differentiated by the type or component of the push pull knowledge being disseminated. For instance, among farmers exposed to drama, 38.4% were rated as average and good in their understanding of Push Pull concepts, descriptions and definitions compared 19.2% for farmers exposed to participatory video (χ^2=15.949, p<0.05). This is completely different for push pull knowledge contents of “establishment and management of Push pull fields”, where among farmers exposed to video,46.1% were rated as good and average compared to 28.2% who were exposed to drama (χ^2=10.1921, p=<5). The study concludes that while both methods are cost effective, drama is more effective in  the attraction of larger crowd ,ignition of initial  interest  and educating farmers  on  minimum basics of push pull technology .Participatory video does better in explaining deeper details of push pull knowledge where farmers need not only to hear of the technology but also to adopt it .However no single dissemination method can work perfectly alone, whereas drama can be used as an introductory in attracting the crowd and teaching the basic technological knowledge of push pull technology, this knowledge can be affirmed for purposes of actual adoption by other dissemination methodologies like   participatory video.
Extension and training practices: challenges for smallholder cattle farmers’ community in Thailand
Authors: Jiumpanyarach Waripas
Published: April 2019

The objective of this study was to analyze the impacts of an extension program (education and training practice) as perceived by smallholder cattle farmers to develop their smallholder farm practices and reduce the costs of production. The study used data from 22 participant smallholder farmers with backgrounding cattle systems. In-depth interview questionnaires were used and collected before and after providing the extension program in Saraburi province, Thailand. Two leaders of this group were selected for observation and as farm models. Environmental differences were investigated during the rainy, winter and summer seasons. This study detailed the socioeconomics of the smallholders, the characteristics and management of livestock farms. The satisfaction levels of the extension programs were also analyzed. The benefits and costs of this program were examined and developed after the program finished. The study found backgrounding cattle farms was a major livelihood within the community. The community was of low income and living in poverty. The farmers were at high levels of risk in terms of feeding costs and cattle market. The program provided knowledge to be enable the farmers to understand and develop the farm systems. Most of the smallholders agreed on the good-practice farming and group activities. The farm leaders influenced their perceptions. The farmers were encouraged to do activities together: learning cattle market information, good-practice cattle farms, and cattle rations management. The success of the extension program improved the economic community, community relationships, and community attitudes. The extension program applied to a pro-active policy.  Collaboration learning activities for smallholders benefit the farmers’ community. This program improves economic relationships, attitudes, and builds a sustainable agricultural community.
Assessing efficiency of action aid Sierra Leone (AASL) extension services in Sierra Lione
Authors: Ngegba Mohamed P. , Moriba Patrick , Kandeh Joseph B. A. , Moiwo Juana P. , Massaquoi Saffa B.
Published: April 2019

This paper investigated the participation of the beneficiaries of agricultural extension services run by Action Aid Sierra Leone (AASL) — A British-based non-profit and non-governmental organization. The study was conducted in Wonde Chiefdom (which is in Bo District, Sierra Leone) where all the 10 rural communities with AASL extension services were targeted. Out of the total 8291 of beneficiary household in the 10 communities, 250 were randomly covered in the survey, involving both quantitative and qualitative data. The study showed that AASL uses an integrated holistic approach to community development. Most of AASL extension services rendered were on child sponsorship (90.0%), women’s rights advocacy (78.8%), gender awareness creation (69.6%) and adult literacy (67.6%) programs. Beneficiary participation was high (96.0%) in the provided services and facilities. It was concluded that AASL should involve multi-stakeholders and encourage similar partnerships in the introduction of agricultural extension services and the associated facilities in the investigated Chiefdom.
Validation of irrigation scheduling for cultivation of irrigated wheat in semi-arid climatic condition of Ethiopia
Authors: Kebede Elias , Derese Yonas , Abebe Nigussie , Robi Fikadu , Nanesa Kebede
Published: April 2019

ABSTRACTThis study was conducted for three years (2014-2016) to validate irrigation scheduling of irrigated wheat cultivation to determine appropriate irrigation regime.  The experiments were irrigation scheduling based on CROPWAT Model 8.0 and validation on field trial. The treatments were arranged in randomized complete block design with three replications. The field trial was involving three irrigation regime treatments were used for comparison. The treatments were Treatment 1 (T1): Optimal irrigation regime as determined by Cowpat for windows that provides irrigation water of D1=50mm at an interval of I1=7 days, Treatment 2(T2): Optimal irrigation regime as determined by Cowpat for windows that provides irrigation water of D2=67mm at an interval of I2=10 days. Treatment 3(T3): Optimal irrigation regime as determined by Cowpat for windows that provides irrigation water of D3=108.3mm at an interval of I3=15 days. Treatment 4(T4): An irrigation regime that provides irrigation water at critical soil moisture depletion and an amount that would refill the soil moisture depletion to field capacity. Result indicated that grain yield was significantly affected by irrigation levels. Irrigation regime of Treatment 4 produced higher grain yield 2400 kg/ha and 20.0q/ha in 2015 and 2016 cropping season. The highest mean yield of wheat (2200 kg/ha) was obtained from critical moisture refill field capacity irrigation application. Whereas, the lowest mean yield (1778 kg/ha) was obtained from T3, 7 days irrigation interval and 50mm irrigation application. This indicates that yield of wheat decrease with decreasing water amount and short interval frequency. Irrigation scheduling based on cowpat model with irrigation regime that provides irrigation water at critical soil moisture depletion and an amount that would refill the soil moisture depletion to field capacity found promising optimum wheat scheduling under Werer and similar areas.
Leadership mechanisms associated with performance of coffee innovation platforms in Uganda
Authors: Magala Damalie B. , Mangheni Margaret N. , Miiro Richard
Published: April 2019

The demand for diffusion of agricultural technologies led to integration of innovation systems thinking in the agriculture sector as a pathway for delivery of agricultural extension services. However, like other multi-stakeholder organizations, the coffee innovation platforms of Uganda observed persistent challenges of commitment and poor coordination between actors. The reasons why coffee innovation platforms continue to face such challenges are not clearly known; hence the need to explore their underlying leadership issues. This study therefore sought to explain how leadership mechanisms enabled the actors in coffee innovation platforms to achieve their expectations. Data was collected through key informant interviews with 26 actors of the coffee steering committees; three focus group discussions of 19 participants and document review. Analysis was done using content and thematic analysis. The study found that selection of leaders, rules of engagement,  incentives, organizational structures, personal attributes and distributed roles are critical but missing leadership facets which require due attention of the innovation intermediaries to build and sustain interactions and relationships in the IPs. The absence of a clear and structured selection criteria and capacity building plan of leaders compromised the diversity of the IP leadership which ultimately affected their performance. To enhance collaborative leadership for better platform performance, this study recommends a clear and structured leadership development model to identify contextual potential leaders and their leadership needs, draw a capacity development plan and develop organizational support mechanisms within a local context.
Assessment of skills gap among intermediaries of cotton supply chain in Punjab, Pakistan
Authors: Ahmad Adeel , Iftikhar Muhammad , Shahbaz Babar , Igodan Chris O. , Lechman Kathy , Khan Ghazanfar A.
Published: April 2019

Cotton is an important crop in Pakistan as it contributes 1.0% of GDP and 5.1% in agricultural value addition (GOP, 2017). Despite the fact that cotton value chain has strategic importance in Pakistan in terms of its contributions towards GDP, employment, export earnings, poverty alleviation, and empowerment of women, its real value has not yet been realized. One area that has an effect on income of farmers and that has not received attention is the role of middleman in the agricultural marketing. The aims of this study were to address the skill gap of the commission agents and to develop techniques to bridge those gaps. Random sampling technique was used to determine sample size. The total sample size of the study was 50 respondents. SPSS (Statistical Package for Social Sciences) was employed to analyze the collected data. Results show that most of the respondents were in their productive ages to make effective decisions and understand features of doing business. Of the total respondents 6% had no education while 94% had education of varied level. Respondents were experienced in doing business of cotton marketing. Most of the commission agents were having awareness gap regarding quality characteristics of cotton. Commission agents had moderate skills level in management of various marketing costs. Mostly the commission agents were not considering fiber fineness, fiber length, fiber strength, fiber maturity and contamination due to hair as factors towards low prices and poor quality of cotton. Weak capacity of institutional infrastructure and lack of marketing system was the major constraint in marketing of cotton. Commission agents should be equipped with training regarding maintenance of quality attributes, management of marketing costs and controlling of various factors affecting price and quality of cotton.
Tactics for efficient agriculture outreach targeting small and midsize farmers; a case study in the Coachella Valley
Authors: Garcia Miguel A. , Pence Robert
Published: April 2019

A successful agriculture outreach program was implemented in the Coachella Valley among small acreage Hispanic farmers. The main objective of this program was to help farmers conserve water through active soil moisture monitoring through the use of tensiometers. To overcome the challenges of agriculture outreach, this project incorporated a one-on-one, hands-on approach with an individualized curriculum. By regularly visiting the farmers in their fields we were able to truly understand their needs and to demonstrate to them we were honestly concerned about the issues they face. This approach slowly made the farmers feel comfortable working with us and more receptive towards advice given. An important component of the project is to involve the farmer in the actual soil moisture monitoring as much as possible. By allowing farmers to actively monitor the moisture content of their soils, we were able to give the farmers a sense of empowerment and ownership of the project. This approach helped farmers trust the technology and feel comfortable using it to make irrigation decisions. Up to date, all of the participating farmers have reported using tensiometers as the main decision-making tool at the time of irrigation
Factors perceived to influence the adoption of improved technologies in arable farming in the southern district of Botswana
Authors: Moremedi Gagoitsiwe , Hulela Keba , Maruatona Tonic L.
Published: April 2019

The purpose of this study was to investigate the perceptions of farmers regarding the adoption of new technologies in arable farming. This was a phenomenological qualitative study conducted in the southern district of Botswana. Data was gathered from 16 purposively selected arable farmers who adopted improved technologies to enhance productivity in arable agriculture. Semi-structured interviews on a face to face survey and personal records kept upon a visit to farms were used to collect data. Both qualitative and quantitative sets of data were gathered during a visit to the farms. The study found that the majority of the arable farmers inherited their farms from their parents and were influenced by parental role models, individual family members, credit availability of social interactions, commercialisation as well as extension training workshops to adopt improved technologies. This study has shown that farmers’ perceptions regarding improved technologies to enhance productivity in arable farming are important and influenced by several factors revealed in this study. The theoretical implication of improved technologies in arable farming implies that the when technology is adopted it increases productivity in arable agriculture as compared to no technology adoption and the adoption is influenced by how farmers perceive its benefits. This study being one of the few studies in the district will add value to the importance of technology in agriculture and increase knowledge about technology to address food security issues.
PENGARUH FASILITATOR PENDAMPING DAN KELEMBAGAAN TERHADAP TINGKAT KINERJA KEUANGAN DENGAN PENGAWASAN PEMERINTAH DAERAH SEBAGAI VARIABEL MEDIASI
Authors: Ayumilawarty Ayumilawarty , Mas'ud Arifuddin , Husin Husin
Published: April 2019

This study aims to find out and analyze the influence of facilitator and institutional facilitators on the level of financial performance with the supervision of local government as a mediating variable. This study is an expo facto research using the survey method. The population in this study was 64 respondents from Kelurahan Unit Management in Kendari City. The sample of this study is the entire study population which amounted to 64 financial management units.The results of the study show that the facilitator has a positive and significant effect on financial performance. The facilitator has a negative and insignificant effect on the supervision of the local government, the institution has a positive and not significant effect on financial performance, the institution has a positive and significant effect on the supervision of the local government and supervision of the regional government positive and significant effect on financial performance. Regional government oversight is not able to act as a mediating variable on the relationship of facilitating facilitators in improving financial performance and supervision of local government capable of acting as a mediating variable on the relationship of facilitating facilitators in improving financial performance.
PENGARUH SISTEM INFORMASI AKUNTANSI, SISTEM PENGENDALIAN INTERN, GOOD GOVERNMENT GOVERNANCE, BUDAYA ORGANISASI TERHADAP KINERJA PT. PLN PERSERO SUB RAYON WUA-WUA DAN BENUA BENUA
Authors: Wiranto Riswan , Awaluddin Ishak , Akib Mulyati
Published: April 2019

This study aims to determine and analyze the effect of accounting information systems, internal control systems, go od Goverment governance, organizational culture on the performance of PT PLN (Persero) Sub Rayon Wua-Wua and continents. Respondents in this study were all employees of PT PLN (Persero) Sub Rayon Wua-Wua and continents who had positions as Managers, Supervision, assistants, juniors, staff. The total respondents were 105 people. Analysis of the data used in this study is a multiple linear regression analysis technique that is processed through SPSS version 23 software.The results of this study indicate that the t value of accounting information system (X1) is 7.729 with a significance of 0,000 (tsig = 0,000 more keci than the value of α = 0.05 thus, accounting information system variables have a significant effect on company performance. Internal Control System Variables (X2) of 2,244 with a significance level of 0,027 (tsig = 0,000) Smaller than the value of α = 0,05, the internal control system variable has a significant effect on company performance. Good Corporate Governance (X3) of 2,241 with significant 0,027 (tsig = 0,000 ) smaller than α = 0.05 05, the Good Governacne variable has a significant effect on company performance. Organizational Culture variable is 6.423 with a significance level of 0.000 (tsig = 0,000 smaller than the value of α = 0.05, the organizational culture variable has a significant effect on company performance.
PENGARUH PENDIDIKAN DAN PELATIHAN, PENGALAMAN KERJA DAN DISIPLIN KERJATERHADAP KINERJA PENGELOLA KEUANGAN DI UNIVERSITAS HALU OLEO
Authors: Saleh Sri Wahyuni , Wawo Andi Basru , Husin Husin
Published: April 2019

This study aims to find out and analyze the Effect of Education and Training, Work Experience and Work Discipline on Financial Management Performance at Halu Oleo University. Respondents in this study were all employees who served as financial managers at Halu Oleo University. The total respondents were 106 people. Data analysis used in this study is multiple linear regression analysis techniques that are processed through SPSS version 23.0 for Windows software.The results of this study indicate that education and training have t (t-sig) of 0,000 which means that education and training have a positive and significant effect on the performance of financial managers, work experience has t (t-sig) of 0.118 which means that work experience has no effect and is not significant on performance financial managers, work discipline has t (t-sig) of 0.031 which means that work discipline has a positive and significant effect on the performance of financial managers. The conclusions in this study are education and training, work experience and work discipline simultaneously have a significant effect on the performance of financial managers. Education and training have a significant effect on the performance of financial managers, work experience has no effect and is not significant on the performance of financial managers and work discipline has a significant effect on the performance of financial managers in
DILEMA ETIS BAGI AUDITOR INTERNAL PEMERINTAH DAERAH (Studi Fenomenologi Pada Auditor Internal Inspektorat Provinsi Sulawesi Tenggara)
Authors: Supriyadi Supriyadi , Aedy Hasan , Anto La Ode
Published: April 2019

Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengeksplorasi fakta secara empiris mengenai pemaknaan, rekontruksi tindakan terhadap dilema etis yang menimpa auditor internal pemerintah daerah pada inspektorat provinsi Sulawesi Tenggara. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendengakatan studi fenomenologi. Penelitian ini juga  menggunakan Paradigma Interpretif untuk memahami, mendeskripsikan, dan menjelaskan realitas dari dilema etis yang di alami auditor Internal pemerintah daerah.Hasil penelitian yang dapat dijelaskan dalam penelitian ini adalah di temukan bahwa terdapat dilema etis Auditor Internal pemerintah daerah ketika melakukan proses audit dimana dilema itu adalah dilema yang di pengaruhi oleh individu auditor itu sediri berupa tekanan dari obrik, sevis, kerabat yang menjadi obrik. Disamping itu terdapat  dilema pada struktur dilingkungan auditor internal berupa tekanan atasan, faktor kurangnya sumberdaya manusia dan waktu yang sempit untuk digunakan untuk mengaudit. Kesadaran spiritual adalah kesadaran utama yang dijadikan fondasi untuk tetap bertindak etis, melahirkan keadaran yang lain yaitu kesadaran sosial, keadaran hukum, kesadaran profesi yang juga merupakan fondasi bagi auditor untuk berada pada Idealisme dan bertindak etis.
STRATEGI PENINGKATAN PENJUALAN PROPERTI PADA PT. AMANAH SULAWESI TENGGARA
Authors: Adriatin Adi Vivin , Paula Tamburaka Irmawati , Suriadi La Ode
Published: April 2019

This research aims to analyse the strategy for propertysales improvement at PT.  Amanah Sultra. Data used in this research is primary data collected from the employees of PT. Amanah Sultra. Amount of population in this research are 45 people and the sample research are 15 people of PT. Amanah Sultra employees. Data analysis applied is SWOT Analysis Method.Result of the research shows that there are four strategies that can be applied in improving the sales property profit at PT. Amanah Sultra. The four strategies are: a. SO Strategy: 1. Continuously innovating and improving the products quality in order to surpass competition with other same companies. 2. Improving and widening market networking in order to influence costumer in their decision making on choosing housing products. ST Strategy: 1. Continuously innovating and improving the products quality in order to surpass competition with other same companies. 2. Improving and widening market networking in order to influence costumer in their decision making on choosing housing products. C. WT Strategy: PT. Amanah Sultra conductsvission and mission generalization to the employees through training until the purpose of the company achieved in order to improve the customer trust towards the company. D. WT Strategy: PT. Amanah Sultra continuously improves the relationship quality of internal and external within the company in order to surpass competition with other same companies.
Forestry Activities and Surface Water Quality in a Rainfall Watershed
Authors: KORALAY Necla , KARA Ömer
Published: April 2019

The
characteristics of water and water quality of the mainstream in a watershed can
be directly affected by the ecological characteristics of the terrestrial
ecosystem and indirectly affected by the species composition and structural
change of the forests that interact. The most important causes of the
structural changes are both silvicultural treatments and harvesting activities
which can be considered as the main forestry activities. While water quality in
a watershed is indirectly affected by forestry activities, especially
harvesting activities, aquatic habitat can be also significantly affected. Due
to the multifaceted interactions between terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems,
this issue has not yet been clearly elucidated. Long-term studies on this
subject at global scale have become widespread in recent years, which may guide
the environmental and natural scientists to understand how the quality and
characteristics of the prosperous water resources change with environmental
influences. When the forestry activities are evaluated on the watershed basis,
the flow regime of the mainstream changes while both the water temperature and
the algal population increases, especially after the harvesting and thinning
activities in riparian zones. In addition, there is an increase in the amount
of sediment and organic matter transported to the main stream due to the
decrease in forest vegetation in the watershed. That situation decreases water
quality and negatively affects invertebrates, fish and other aquatic organisms.
In this study, the impact of forestry activities on the quality of water resources
and the indirect impact on the aquatic ecosystem was evaluated based on the
relevant studies.
Aggregate Performance on Forest Roads in the Pacific Northwest
Authors: HANNA Scott , BOSTON Kevin
Published: April 2019

Eleven
aggregate quarries from the Pacific Northwest, USA were sampled to measure the
variability in rock properties. Additionally, road managers were asked to
classify the aggregate source as good or marginal for forest roads with
year-round timber hauling as the primary use. 
Seven of the eleven quarries were classified as good. A series of
materials property tests were performed on the aggregate sampled from each
quarry. The test included gradation, LA Abrasion, Micro-Deval, and sand
equivalency tests. Three replicates were performed for the LA Abrasion,
Micro-Deval, and sand equivalency tests. The results show that only two of the
seven rated as good samples met the thresholds established from the literature
review. None of the marginally rated aggregates met the thresholds for the
material property tests.  The results
show that the road managers expectation of rock quality is inconsistent when
compared with the results from tests.  It
suggests that in order to understand aggregate performance better, testing
before placement is a necessity.
Spatiotemporal Change Detection of the Linden Forests in Bursa, Turkey
Authors: GENCAL Burhan , TAŞ İnanç , AKAY Abdullah Emin
Published: April 2019

Nonwood
forest products potentially provide many economic, social and environmental
benefits in Turkey. Increasing public demand for nonwood forest products has
led to the development of spatial planning and updating of existing plans. In
order to ensure the sustainable management of nonwood forest products, their
trends and spatial distributions by time can be estimated by using land use/land
cover change detection approach. The Linden is one of the most important
nonwood forest products in Turkey and the most widespread distribution of
linden is located in the province of Bursa. In this study, it was aimed to
determine the spatiotemporal changes of one of the world's largest linden
forests in Yeniköy Forestry Enterprise Chief within the border of Bursa
Forestry Regional Directorate. Change detection analysis was applied to Landsat
5 TM image and Landsat 8 OLI/TIRS image captured in August 2008 and in July
2017, respectively. The spatiotemporal change detection was implemented on
these two images by using various digital image processing techniques
(pre-processing, classification, post-processing, and change detection) through
ERDAS Imagine 2015, ArcGIS 10.5, and ENVI 5.3 program. The supervised
classification, applied on both images using ERDAS Imagine 2015 program,
revealed that there were six significant land use/land cover types in the study
area; linden, other deciduous trees, wetlands, swamp, sand, and other lands
(settlements, agriculture, open areas). The results indicated that there was
increase in the areas of wetlands, sand, and other lands, while the area of
linden forest, other deciduous trees, and swamp decreased from 2008 to 2017.
According to the accuracy assessment results, the classification processes
applied on 2008 and 2017 images provided overall accuracy of 84.38% and 82.81%,
respectively. It is determined that some of the linden forests have been
converted into residential areas and farmlands to grow crops.
A Research on Work Satisfaction of Forest Workers
Authors: GÜMÜŞ Selçuk , HATAY Taha Yasin , ÜNVER OKAN Saliha , ACAR H. Hulusi
Published: April 2019

Forestry works have an important work branch in the Eastern Black Sea Region because of the wealth of forested areas, the multiplicity of forest villages, the intense forestry activities and the lack of different income sources of forest villagers. Therefore, forestry activities are one of the main industries for forest villagers to prevent unemployment and to reduce income imbalance between different regions. Forestry activities differ from other sectors because of work difficulty, hard working conditions, limited time, temporary work, low revenue and legal dimension of work. Harvesting works should be done by forest villagers in accordance with article 40 of Forest Law. The analysis of the socio-economic structure of a community is important both in giving photographs of the current period and in presenting the transformations of working class dynamics over time. In this study, the relationship between the demographic features of forest workers and work satisfaction was examined. Within the scope of the study, a questionnaire including questions about personal characteristics, family structures, economic incomes and work satisfaction was applied to the workers. As a result, it was determined that 35.83% of all workers were between 31 and 40 ages and primary school (35%). In addition, forest workers had no income sources except for forest (77.5%), and most of the workers were the livelihoods of their families (81.4%) and working for 6-8 hours. Most of them are satisfied with forest workers (65.83%), and the main reasons for not being satisfied were determined as low income, lack of social security and difficult working conditions (18.33%).
Analisis Yuridis Tindak Pidana Korupsi dengan Menggunakan Jabatan (Studi Putusan No. 296/Pid.B/2010/PN.Mdn)
Authors: Harahap Muhammad Iqbal Mas'ud
Published: April 2019

The purpose of this research is to know the regulation of criminal law in corruption crime by using position; the juridical analysis of corruption crime by using position with decision no. 3296 / Pid.B / 2010 / PN.Mdn. This type of thesis research uses qualitative research, using normative juridical research. The research method used, namely library research (library research) and field study (field research) with the location of research at the Medan District Court. Data collection techniques used are secondary data, consisting of primary, secondary and tertiary legal materials. The legal basis for the eradication of criminal acts of corruption is contained in Law No. 20 of 2001 on Amendment to Law Number 31 Year 1999 on the Eradication of Corruption. The consideration of the Panel of Judges of the Medan District Court in deciding the case has used juridical judgment based on juridical facts. Which have been revealed in the hearing and by the Law stipulated as matters which must be contained in the decision such as the indictment of the prosecutor, the statement of the defendant, witness testimony, Evidence items, and articles in criminal law. Based on the Medan District Court Ruling. 3296 / Pid.B / 2010 / PN.Mdn, proves that the defendant is not proven to abuse the authority, opportunity or means available to him / her because of his / her position or position as the person in charge of the team which aims to benefit yourself, others or as a corporation.
Motivasi Berprestasi, Kepuasan Kerja dan Manajerial Kepala Sekolah serta Dampaknya terhadap Kinerja Guru
Authors: Sari Rita
Published: April 2019

Purpose of this research is to know the impact of the independent variable (achieving motivation, job satisfaction, and managerial principal) toward of dependent variable (teachers’s performance). The research was conducted on SD Negeri 7 Idi East Aceh with 30 respondents. The questionnaire was selected as a research instrument. The results of the analysis of the data indicates that (1) partially, independent variables of achieving motivation have a positive impact on teachers’s performance (t = 4.86 > ttable = 2.36); (2) the independent variable (achieving motivation, job satisfaction, and managerial principal of job satisfaction also positively impact on teachers’s performance (t= 3.20 > ttable = 2.36); (3) the principal managerial independent variables take part give a positive impact on performance guru (t = 3.21 > ttable = 2.36); (4) the simultaneous, independent variables does not give a significant impact on teachers’s performance (F = 2.00 < Ftable = 2.92); and (5) were obtained the equations of the regression of Y = 7, 71a + 0, 02X1 + 0, 33X2 + 0, 26X3 it means that when there is an increase in the motivation of overachievers, the satisfaction of teachers, and the principal managerial it will automatically improve the performance of teachers.
Hubungan Konsep Diri dengan Minat Wirausaha pada Mahasiswa Universitas Medan Area
Authors: Syafrizaldi Syafrizaldi
Published: April 2019

In this study the researchers wanted to see how the correlation between self-concept and entrepreneurial interest in Medan Area University Students. After analyzing the statistical data, it appears that the self-concept by asking has a significant correlation. Statistical results show that Rx1y = 0.454, p <0.010, which means that there is a significant correlation between the two variables, with the understanding that the better the self concept, the higher the entrepreneurial interest in students and vice versa. The determinant coefficient (r2) from the correlation between self-concept and entrepreneurial interest is equal to r2 = 0.206. This shows that entrepreneurial interest is formed by self-concept of 20.6%,