bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
SOME THOUGHTS CONCERNING EDUCATION ..
Authors: Carter E R
Published: December 2021

The usual lazy and short way by chastisement and the rod, which is the only instrument of government that tutors generally know, or even think of, is the most unfit of any to be used in education, because it tends to both these mischiefs. First, this kind of punishment contributes not at all to the mastery of our natural propensity to indulge corporal and present pleasure, and to avoid pain at any rate, but rather encourages it, and thereby strengthens that in us which is the root from whence spring all vicious actions and the irregularities of life. Secondly, this sort of correction naturally breeds an aversion to that which it is the tutor's business to create a liking to ... Thirdly, such a sort of slavish discipli e makes a slavish temper. The child submits, and dissembles obedience, whilst the fear of the rod hangs over him. But when that is removed, and by being out of sight, he can promise himself impunity, he gives the greater scope to his natural inclination; which by this way is not at all altered, but, on the contrary, heightened and increased in him; and after such restraint breaks out usually with the more violence. Or, fourthly, if severity carried to the highest pitch does prevail and works a cure on the present unruly distemper, it often brings in the room of it a worse and more dangerous disease, by breaking the mind; and then in the place of a disorderly young fellow, you have a low-spirited moped creature, who, however with his unnatural sobriety he may please silly people who commend tame and inactive children because they make no noise nor give them any trouble, yet at last will probably prove as uncomfortable a thing to his friends as he will be all his life a useless thing to himself and others.
Weight Modification Efforts Reported by Black and White Preadolescent Girls: National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute Growth and Health Study
Authors: Schreiber George B. , Robins Morton , Striegel-Moore Ruth , Obarzanek Eva , Morrison John A. , Wright David J.
Published: December 2021

Objective. This study tested four hypotheses: (1) a high percentage of 9-and 10-year-old girls are already trying to lose weight; (2) more white than black girls are trying to lose weight; (3) more black than white girls are trying to gain weight; and (4) weight modification efforts of preadolescent girls are influenced by factors other than race, such as maternal criticism, body dissatisfaction, and socioeconomic status.

Design. Cross-sectional analysis of baseline data on 2379 girls 9 and 10 years of age, which consisted of 1213 black and 1166 white enrollees.

Results. Black girls were taller and heavier and showed earlier signs of puberty than white girls but were less dissatisfied with their weight, body shape, and body parts. Approximately 40% of 9-and 10-year-old girls reported that they were trying to lose weight. Of those girls classified in the fourth quartile of body mass index (BMI), approximately 75% were trying to lose weight. After adjusting for BMI, no significant black and white differences in the prevalence of those trying to lose weight were seen, but significantly more black than white girls were trying to gain weight. Multiple logistic regression identified a high BMI, the mother telling her she was too fat, and body dissatisfaction as the major factors associated with trying to lose weight. However, chronic dieting was only associated with a high BMI and the mother telling her she was too fat. An important predictor of girls who were trying to gain weight was being black, along with having a low BMI and the mother telling her she was too thin.

Conclusions. Attempts at gaining weight are much more frequent among black preadolescent girls than their white counterparts. No racial difference was found between black and white girls in their efforts to lose weight or to practice chronic dieting. Because approximately 40% of 9-and 10-year-old girls are already trying to lose weight, pediatricians should capitalize on this concern by providing information on proper weight control techniques. Educational efforts should be directed to both the mother and the child, because weight control efforts of preadolescent girls are stimulated by their mothers' admonitions of being too fat or too thin. The high prevalence of dieting among the thinnest preadolescent girls also needs to be addressed by pediatricians.
Late Dose-Response Effects of Prenatal Cocaine Exposure on Newborn Neurobehavioral Performance
Authors: Tronick Edward Z. , Frank Deborah A. , Cabral Howard , Mirochnick Mark , Zuckerman Barry
Published: December 2021

Objective. To determine in a representative sample of full-term urban newborns of English-speaking mothers whether an immediate or late dose-response effect could be demonstrated between prenatal cocaine exposure and newborn neurobehavioral performance, controlling for confounding factors.

Methods. The Neonatal Behavioral Assessment Scale (NBAS) was administered by masked examiners to a total sample of 251 clinically healthy, full-term infants at 2 days and/or 17 days. Three in utero cocaine exposure groups were defined: heavily exposed (n = 44, >75th percentile self-reported days of use during pregnancy and/or >75th percentile of meconium benzoylecognine concentration); lightly exposed (n = 79, less than both 75th percentiles); and unexposed (n = 101, no positive biological or self-report marker). At the 3-week examination there were 38 heavily exposed, 73 lightly exposed, and 94 unexposed infants. Controlling for infant birth weight, gestational age, infant age at the time of examination, mothers' age, perinatal risk, obstetric medication, and alcohol, marijuana, and cigarette use, a regression analysis evaluated the effects of levels of cocaine exposure on NBAS performance.

Results. No neurobehavioral effects of exposure on the newborn NBAS cluster scores or on the qualifier scores were found when confounders were controlled for at 2 to 3 days of age. At 3 weeks, after controlling for covariates, a significant dose effect was observed, with heavily exposed infants showing poorer state regulation and greater excitability.

Conclusions. These findings demonstrate specific dose-related effects of cocaine on 3-week neurobehavioral performance, particularly for the regulation of arousal, which was not observed in the first few days of life.
Determinants of fear of crime in Brazil
Authors: Borges Doriam , Cano Ignácio
Published: December 2021

While some studies suggest that the nature of one´s interactions with the community influences one’s perceived risk of criminal victimization, only a few pieces of research have tested this association in Brazil. Using four previously existing Brazilian victimization surveys, we conducted logistic models to examine whether social ties and social cohesion are associated with perceived risk and fear of crime. The results showed that only in some contexts did social cohesion manifest an association with fear of crime. Specifically, two components of social cohesion may be relevant for this purpose: trusting neighbours and getting help; and the ability to distinguish neighbours from strangers in the street.
Interseccionalidades, direitos e políticas
Authors: Vieira Miriam Steffen , Rocha Eufémia Vicente
Published: December 2021

A noção de interseccionalidades emerge da experiência política de feminismos negros e pauta as dinâmicas entrecruzadas que estão na base de desigualdades sociais como gênero, raça, sexualidades e classe. Dessa perspectiva, ela é tomada como uma possibilidade de produzir teoria e para se questionar analiticamente diversas experiências e contextos, gerando novas lições acerca dos processos de dominação. Além de uma ferramenta metodológica central; nas vivências e ações políticas, se apresenta como um campo aberto de resistências às narrativas e práticas hegemônicas ocidentais. Neste texto, apresentamos os artigos que compõem o Dossiê Interseccionalidades, direitos e políticas, com atenção à diversidade de abordagens e contribuições que permitem expandir a densidade dos fundamentos epistemológicos nas ciências sociais, como na práxis política.
Diagnostic value of 12-zone lung ultrasound protocol for diagnosing COVID-19-associated pneumonia in outpatients
Authors:   Functional Diagnostic Department, State Institution Republican Research Centre for Radiation Medicine and Human Ecology, Belarus, Haurylenka Dzmitry , Damantsevich Victar ,   Radiology Department, State Institution Republican Research Centre for Radiation Medicine and Human Ecology, Belarus, Filustsin Andrey ,   Radiology Department, State Institution Republican Research Centre for Radiation Medicine and Human Ecology, Belarus, Damantsevich Anna ,   Radiology Department, State Institution Republican Research Centre for Radiation Medicine and Human Ecology, Belarus
Published: December 2021

Introduction: In the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic, lung ultrasound can be of decisive importance for planning further treatment approach in patients with infection. There is still no clear priority for the choice of lung ultrasound protocol in an outpatient setting. Aim: The objective of the study was to evaluate the applicability of 12-zone protocol lung ultrasound for the diagnosis of COVID- 19 associated pneumonia in outpatients. Materials and methods: We examined 39 outpatients meeting the diagnostic criteria of COVID-19 infection (17 men and 22 women) aged 31–75 years (median 49 years). All patients underwent lung ultrasound immediately after chest computed tomography performed by a blinded specialist. Correlation analysis of the results of a quantitative assessment of the detected signs, assessment of the diagnostic significance of lung ultrasound for identifying signs of pneumonia were performed. Results: Pneumonia was diagnosed by computed tomography in 25 (64%; 95% CI 47–79) out of 39 patients. At the same time, ultrasound signs of interstitial abnormalities were detected in 31 patients. Multiple (narrow) B-lines, confluent (wide) B-lines, as well as areas of subpleural consolidation and “white lung” were the most common lung ultrasound abnormalities. When evaluating the method, the optimal sensitivity/ specificity ratio was obtained for a value of ≥2 points, the area under the curve = 0.970 (95% CI 0.858–0.999; p <0.0001). The score of lung ultrasound significantly correlated with computed tomography quantitative assessment (r = 0.928, p <0.001). Conclusion: Despite some limitations, lung ultrasound can be extremely useful in primary care settings, also in the case of a significant number of admitted patients, to detect features of COVID-19 associated pneumonia.
Discussion on the concepts of "coordination" and "agility" in terms of physical education
Authors: Zaporozhanov V.A. , Boraczynski Tomasz
Published: December 2021

In the scientific and methodological literature and practice of physical education concepts of "coordination" and "agility" are often used synonymously. And discussion about the appropriateness distinguish these concepts is mainly analytical character. Purpose : to evaluate the nature of the relationship metrically between indicators kinesthesia (which characterize the internal processes of interaction in the neuro-muscular system - coordination) and the efficient delivery of a complex exercise (in cooperation man in the external environment of physical education - agility). Material : 77 students surveyed. Students performed on 100 strikes the ball into the goal in terms of golf (10 control measurements). The experiment was conducted for 8 months. 7700 measurement precision of centimeters processed statistically. Calculated reliability of measurements: 100 comparability repetitive beats, accuracy hitting the ball into the goal and the pace of learning in terms of the impact of blows. Results : the total volume measurements was characterized by high variability (V% = 53,5), indicating that the low status of kinesthesia surveyed. This reduces the reliability of the correlation coefficients according to 30 and then 10 of the best students in the general rank in terms of reliability of measurements. Significant correlation occurred only in terms of performance beats the purpose of learning the technique and pace (0,417; n = 30, p <0,05; and 0,677; n = 10, p <0,05). Conclusions : Overall, the results of our study showed that the concept of "coordination" and "agility" should still be distinguished. In some cases, students with a good level of kinesthesia occurred and high mobility in complex locomotion. If we recognize it expedient to continue this discussion, then we must rely on objective, metric information. This information should be obtained in studies with a broad contingent surveyed, consistently show good concentration and high reliability results in a series of repeated measurements.
Artificial intelligence, a possible solution for agriculture and animal husbandry sector?
Authors: ROTARU Ancuţa , VÂTCĂ Anamaria , POP Ioana , ANDRONIE Luisa
Published: December 2021

This paper aims at making a review of the artificial intelligence concept, its global scope from the agro-livestock sector perspective and the understanding, approach and application of this concept Romania in early 2021. Artificial intelligence is a computer science sub-field that is materialized by algorithms developed starting from the logical or mathematical models of the cognition, perception and action processes. Globally, large agricultural companies are trying to grasp concepts such as big data, artificial intelligence (AI), machine learning and analysis. These areas have moved rapidly towards the agro-livestock sector too, but most companies have not been prepared to deal thoroughly with these new technologies. It really sounds interesting, but what does it take to take the next steps? The voice of the expert says: “If we really want to have a global impact on food sustainability, production and safety, we need to think about data standards, data sharing, benchmarking and analysis on aggregated data sets. Today, we see farmers who are reluctant to share data with agritech companies that have developed closed systems, which will hinder the evolution of things” (Claudia Roessler, IT specialist, Microsoft).
Feeding the Laying Quails with Mealworm Larvae Meal and Alterations in Egg Quality and Yolk Fatty Acid Profile
Authors: PRINCIPAL Admin , Cufadar Yusuf , Kanbur Gülşah , GÖÇMEN Rabia , AL-BAYATI Abdulqader Adnan Quader
Published: December 2021

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of different levels of mealworm (Tenebrio Molitor) larvae meal in Japanese quail (Coturnix coturnix japonica) diets on performance, egg quality, yolk color, and yolk fatty acid composition. A total of forty-eight, 14 weeks-old laying quails were used with 4 replicates in control (basal diet), mealworm larvae meal (MLM) 2% or 4 % treatment groups. Results showed that independently of inclusion level dietary MLM did not affect performance and egg quality parameters. However, color values (L*, a*, b*) of egg yolk changed with the inclusion of both levels of MLM to diet (p<0.5). Outcomes also displayed dietary MLM altered the fatty acid composition of egg yolk dependably the additional level (p<0.5). Diets containing 2 and 4 % MLM did not affect total saturated fatty acid (ƩSFA) content, however, increased total monounsaturated fatty acids (ƩMUFA) (p<0.5). Both supplemental levels of dietary MLM decreased significantly the total polyunsaturated fatty acids (ƩPUFA) of the yolk compared to the control group (p<0.5). According to outcomes of this study, MLM may use in safe as feed material instead of soybean meal at levels of 2 or 4 % without effect on performance parameters in laying quail diets.
Formulation of a Sugar-Free Cereal-Based Bar with Improved Nutritional Value: Biological and Sensory Analysis
Authors: PRINCIPAL Admin , OTTOMBRINO Antonio , PICARIELLO Adelia , OLIVIERO Annachiara , ROSSI Mauro
Published: December 2021

Cereal bars are eaten regularly due to their nutritive values and ease of consumption. Furthermore, new cereal bars were recently introduced to serve the growing market of functional food. In this work, we aimed at developing an innovative sugar-free cereal bar with high protein and fibre content, showing functional effects and with improved sensory properties over cognate commercial bars. We developed an innovative recipe by substituting honey with a xanthan gum/erythritol mixture as binder, and by manufacturing bars in a conventional industrial apparatus. The new formula was characterised by high content of proteins (27.7%) and fibres (8.7%), whereas carbohydrates resulted drastically reduced (26.7%). Panel test analysis showed that bars hold satisfactory sensory properties (aroma, flavour and taste), whereas some texture parameters were positively changed, as hardness and adhesiveness were significantly reduced. In vitro challenge experiments showed that the phenolic components isolated from the bar matrix significantly increased the levels of glutathione and glutathione reductase in Caco-2 cells, a model of enterocytes (P<0.05). In conclusion, we produced a sugar-free cereal bar on an industrial scale with antioxidant properties, and with improved nutritional and texture parameters in comparison with a conventional product.
Effects of Marination with Different Salt Concentrations on Some Quality Criteria of Beef Meat
Authors: PRINCIPAL Admin , ER DEMİRHAN Buket , DEMİRHAN Burak
Published: December 2021

In the present study, the effect of different salt concentrations on some quality properties such as the total number of coliform bacteria, texture, cooking loss, total salt content, metmyoglobin, pH, the water activity of steaks prepared from longissimus dorsi muscle of fresh beef was investigated. For this purpose, steaks prepared from longissimus dorsi muscle were dipped in marination brine in four different concentrations; 0% (control group), 1.5% NaCl, 2% NaCl and 2.5% NaCl, and marinated for 24 hours at +4 °C. The initial crude protein, crude fat, pH, moisture, and ash contents of beef were determined as 20.50%, 5.80%, 6.13, 72.63%, 1.07%, respectively. In the cooked meat samples, the hardness, chewiness and gumminess of the samples marinated with 1.5% and 2% NaCl was found to be higher than the control group. Metmyoglobin content of the meat samples marinated with NaCl is lower than the control group. The results revealed that the total number of coliform bacteria decreased drastically in parallel with the increase in salt concentration. As a result, the changes in the quality of the bovine longissimus dorsi muscle with different salt concentrations and marination were investigated, and positive effects on the textural properties and coliform bacterial load of the meat were observed.
State of the Art on Functional Coatings for Applications in The Agri-Food Industry
Authors: PRINCIPAL Admin , Popescu Paul Alexandru , Popa Vlad Ioan , Miteluț Amalia Carmen , Popa Elisabeta Elena , Draghici Mihaela Cristina , Popa Mona Elena
Published: December 2021

Nowadays, consumer’s awareness regarding edible and functional coatings used in the food industry is increasing because of their novel approach on prolonging the shelf life of agri-food products that during storage, are subjected to a loss of quality attributes, which inevitably contributes to food waste. In order to combat this problem, functional coatings and edible films can be used because of their capability to extend the shelf life of food products by providing gas and water barrier properties and delaying microbial spoilage. The aim of this study is to review the literature and outline the most recent findings and developments regarding edible and functional coatings used in the food industry. Functional and edible coatings can be applied on different types of food products, like meat products, different kinds of cheeses and fruits and vegetables. mainly because they help maintain the organoleptic proprieties, such as aroma, taste and appearance and prologue their shelf life. The new concept of functional coatings and edible packaging has significantly influenced the marketing and safety aspects of food products and further studies and developments are needed to improve these technologies
Micropropagation of Raspberries (Rubus idaeus L.) in Liquid Media by Temporary Immersion Bioreactor in Comparison with Gelled Media
Authors: CLAPA Doina , HÂRȚA Monica , POP Cornel Viorel
Published: December 2021

Temporary Immersion Bioreactor (TIB) is a suitable technique for large scale micropropagation of plant species. The aim of this work was to test the capacity of in vitro proliferation of the primocane-fruiting red raspberry cv Maravilla and floricane-fruiting red raspberry cv Willamette on gelled media compared to liquid media. The two varieties were cultured in vitro on two media, Murashige and Skoog 1962 (MS) and Driver and Kuniyuki walnut medium, 1984 (DKW), both supplemented with 0.5 mg/l 6-benzyladenine (BA). In the control cultures on gelled media the media were gelled with 5g/l Plant Agar, whereas for the cultures in liquid media Plantform bioreactors were used. After six weeks of in vitro culture we recorded the proliferation rates and lengths of the axillary shoots obtained in all the experimental treatments. The highest proliferation rate was 16 ± 2.03, obtained in cv. Willamette on gelled MS medium with 0.5 mg/l BA. The longest shoots (3.17 ± 0.32 cm) were obtained at cv. Maravilla on the DKW medium with 0.5 mg / l BA in the bioreactor. Our research highlighted that Rubus idaeus L. Maravilla and Willamette can be TIB propagated, although further research is needed to improve the efficiency of this method.
Regression Models Based on Ultrasonography Fetal Ocular Measurements for Determining Gestational Age in Arab-Barb Mares
Authors: MEBARKI Mounir , BENHENIA Karim
Published: December 2021

The aim of the present study was to develop regression models based on ultra-sonographic measurements of fetal eyes (orbital diameter (OD) and eyes volume (EV)) to determine mare gestational age (fetal age) in Arab-Barb breed and to compare the obtained formula with similar formulas used in practice. Twenty-two Arab-Barb mares were included in this study. For each mare, an average of 6 ultrasound examinations per month of gestation, from day 90 of pregnancy to foaling were performed. The parameters examined, OD and EV, were used to establish regression models to determine gestational age of mares. The results led to establish linear regressions of the two parameters, EV and OD. The derived gestational age (GA) prediction formulas were: GA = 0,0097EV + 93,887; GA = 8.687OD + 0.6598 (GA in day; EV in mm3; OD in mm). The coefficients of correlation (R) between EV (R=0.96), OD (R=0.93) and mare gestational age were highly significant (P<0.001) indicating that the two eye measurements can be used to determine accurately mare gestational age after 90 days of pregnancy in Arab-Barb breed. In addition, the formula established in the present work from the OD is more accurate in determining the GA in the Arab-Barb compared to that predefined for English Thoroughbred. This comparison reveals that the growth of fetal orbit of Arab-Barb breed is slower than that of the English Thoroughbred.
Trabalho em equipes multiprofissionais na atenção primária no Ceará: porosidade entre avanços e desafios
Authors: Machado Maria de Fátima Antero Sousa , Xavier Samyra Paula Lustoza , Rodrigues Andreza de Lima , Lima Thiago Fernandes , Silva Lielma Carla Chagas da , Moita Marina Pereira , Dias Maria Socorro de Araújo
Published: December 2021

RESUMO Com o objetivo de analisar a atuação das equipes multiprofissionais conformadas nos Núcleos Ampliados de Apoio à Família e Atenção Básica, frente às dimensões clínico-assistencial e técnico-pedagógica no contexto da Atenção Primária à Saúde no Brasil, delineou-se estudo multicêntrico, de natureza qualitativa, realizado no período de 2018 a 2020, em três municípios no estado do Ceará. A coleta de dados ocorreu através de observação e grupo focal com as equipes multiprofissionais. Os registros das observações e dos discursos dos grupos focais foram tabulados no software Interface de R pour L Analyses Multidimensionnelles de Textes L de Questionnaires (IRAMUTEQ®). Na Classificação Hierárquica Descendente, obteve-se um aproveitamento de 75,46% do corpus textual, formando cinco classes, cujos vocábulos têm associação estatisticamente relevante (p<0,0001). Os resultados evidenciam avanços na atuação das equipes multiprofissionais na produção do cuidado integral dos indivíduos e coletivos, a partir de ações de planejamento e tomada de decisões partilhadas com vistas à melhoria da qualidade de vida destes. Outrossim, identifica-se uma ênfase na dimensão clínico- -assistencial do cuidado, o que torna a dimensão técnico-pedagógica um desafio. Contudo, reconhece-se o potencial indutor da atuação das equipes para um trabalho colaborativo e orientado pela interprofissionalidade, corroborando o fortalecimento da Atenção Primária à Saúde.
Organização da Atenção Primária à Saúde em um município rural remoto do norte do Brasil
Authors: Rodrigues Karina Vasconcelos , Almeida Patty Fidelis de , Cabral Lucas Manoel da Silva , Fausto Márcia Cristina Rodrigues
Published: December 2021

RESUMO O objetivo do artigo foi caracterizar a organização da Atenção Primária à Saúde (APS) e suas interfaces com os demais serviços da rede assistencial em um Município Rural Remoto (MRR). Foi realizado estudo de caso único em Assis Brasil (AC), por meio de entrevistas com usuários, gestores e profissionais de saúde. Os resultados indicaram distribuição desigual de estabelecimentos de saúde com áreas descobertas; dificuldades de acesso por condições climáticas; barreiras econômicas para custeio de transporte; promoção de ações itinerantes na zona rural; descontinuidade e insuficiência de medicamentos; dificuldades para a fixação de profissionais; escassez de recursos tecnológicos; falta de acesso à internet; necessidade de adaptação cultural; concentração de serviços especializados do SUS na capital. Foram identificados esforços da gestão local para manutenção da Estratégia Saúde da Família (ESF) e adequação dos processos de trabalho para atendimento ao grande fluxo de demanda espontânea, estrangeiros e população indígena. Argumenta-se que o MRR e suas populações somam vulnerabilidades econômicas, sociais e de acesso aos serviços de saúde, parcialmente atendidas pelas políticas nacionais, e que o ente municipal, sem o suficiente apoio e aporte de recursos estadual e federal, mantém arranjos possíveis para a provisão de APS, nem sempre afeitos aos princípios abrangentes da ESF.
Healthy and Sustainable Territories: health care strategies for rural black population in Caruaru/Pernambuco
Authors: Brito Thaís Cecília dos Santos , Peixinho Bianca Cardoso , Pirró Juliana Camargo de Faria , Oliveira Rosane Suellen de , Carvalho Polyana Loureiro Ferreira de , Silva Diogivânia Maria da , Santos Mariana Olívia Santana dos
Published: December 2021

ABSTRACT The socio-historical process in Brazil is crossed by racism and the agrarian issues, as both are part of the same structural dimension. Thus, the understanding of racism is essential to apprehend the social determination process of racial inequalities in health. This action research had as general objective to analyze the interference of racism in the health-disease-care process of rural black families and, more specifically, to describe the children’s group intervention activities. Primary data were used: field diaries and other documents prepared by the Resident Team; and secondary data: the Participatory Rural Appraisal as a tool of systematization in territorialization. This shared action between professionals residents in Family Health Care and settlement dwellers, located in Caruaru (PE), was developed from the popular health education focusing on health promotion and facing racism as a transversal axis. In this sense, the Family Health team is a powerful tool for promoting Healthy and Sustainable Territories by confronting racism in its non-biocentered issues, with the use of low technology, transdisciplinary, strengthening black identities and building health as recommended in health policies and the Sustainable Development Goals.
Os empresários industriais no primeiro mandato Dilma Rousseff (2011-2014): uma análise a partir do jornal Valor Econômico
Authors: Oliveira Gabriel Nunes de , Herscovici Nicole
Published: December 2021

Resumo: Este trabalho se insere no debate sobre as interpretações dos governos Dilma Rousseff e da crise que levou ao impeachment em 2016. O artigo toma como base a hipótese de André Singer sobre a coalizão produtivista e o deslocamento político do empresariado industrial para, a partir da análise de declarações de empresários no jornal Valor Econômico entre 2011 e 2014, verificar se a mudança de posicionamento da burguesia industrial de fato se concretizou. As declarações foram classificadas como favoráveis, contrárias ou neutras em relação ao governo e à política econômica. A presidenta contava com amplo apoio do empresariado até o primeiro semestre de 2013, contudo, do segundo semestre até o final de 2014, predominam as manifestações contrárias. Os resultados sugerem que o comportamento político dos industriais não pode ser explicado apenas como reação pragmática às condições econômicas adversas.
Estimation of leaf nitrogen levels in sugarcane using hyperspectral models
Authors: Barros Pedro Paulo da Silva , Fiorio Peterson Ricardo , Demattê José Alexandre de Melo , Martins Juliano Araújo , Montezano Zaqueu Fernando , Dias Fábio Luis Ferreira
Published: December 2021

ABSTRACT: Sugarcane is a good source of renewable energy and helps reduce the emission of greenhouse gases. Nitrogen has a critical role in plant growth; therefore,estimating nitrogen levels is essential, and remote sensing can improve fertilizer management. This field study selects wavelengths from hyperspectral data on a sugarcane canopy to generate models for estimating leaf nitrogen concentrations. The study was carried out in the municipalities of Piracicaba, Jaú, and Santa Maria da Serra, state of São Paulo, in the 2013/2014 growing season. The experiments were carried out using a completely randomized block design with split plots (three sugarcane varieties per plot [variety SP 81-3250 was common to all plots] and four nitrogen concentrations [0, 50, 100, and 150 kgha-1] per subplot) and four repetitions. The wavelengths that best correlated with leaf nitrogen were selected usingsparse partial least square regression. The wavelength regionswere combinedby stepwise multiple linear regression. Spectral bands in the visible (700-705 nm), red-edge (710-720 nm), near-infrared (725, 925, 955, and 980 nm), and short-wave infrared (1355, 1420, 1595, 1600, 1605, and 1610 nm) regions were identified. The R² and RMSE of the model were 0.50 and 1.67 g.kg-1, respectively. The adjusted R² and RMSE of the models for Piracicaba, Jaú, and Santa Maria were 0.31 (unreliable) and 1.30 g.kg-1, 0.53 and 1.96 g.kg-1, and 0.54 and 1.46 g.kg-1, respectively. Our results showed that canopy hyperspectral reflectance can estimate leaf nitrogen concentrations and manage nitrogen application in sugarcane.
Watching the days go by: Aging during sunflower seed storage under distinct oxygen availability
Authors: Ferreira Rafael Agostinho , Oliveira Alisson Alves de , Silva Victor Navarro da , Pereira Aline Aparecida Silva , Bernardes Mateus Moreira , Bicalho Elisa Monteze
Published: December 2021

ABSTRACT The maintenance of seed viability is widely studied since preserving the physiological characteristics that will allow efficient germination and adequate field occupation is broadly pursued. However, even under optimal storage conditions, the aging process is inherent to the seed’s life. In order to understand the effects of storage under low and normal oxygen conditions, this work sought to evaluate the physiological responses of two seed lots of two sunflower hybrids stored under different oxygen availability (normoxia and hypoxia) over a 360-day period. Aiming to investigate the effects of storage, the activities of the enzymatic antioxidant metabolism, hydrogen peroxide and MDA content, and the performance of viability, and vigor tests (tetrazolium test and electrolyte leakage) were performed with the stored seeds every 60 days. The hypoxia conditions were not able to keep seed viability over time, probably affecting negatively the embryonic axis. Throughout the evaluations, the viability tests demonstrated that the storage in the two experimental conditions was not able to contain the aging of the seeds. The increased content of H2O2 and MDA, associated with the enhanced electrical conductivity over time, indicate that there were losses by lipid peroxidation and that the aging process was not contained by storage under low oxygen availability.
Morphological sexual maturity of the marine crab Xanthodius parvulus at the State Marine Park Laje de Santos, São Paulo, Brazil
Authors: Chellegatti Isabela , Costa Rogério Caetano da , Castilho Antonio L. , Moraes Isabela R. R. , Herrera Daphine R. , Davanso Thiago M.
Published: December 2021

ABSTRACT The marine crab Xanthodius parvulus (Fabricius, 1793) is naturally distributed in the Western Atlantic, being commonly found in the northeastern Brazilian coast. However, this species has been also recorded in the southeastern coast, especially in São Paulo State, on islands located close to harbors, which are becoming a place of occurrence for exotic species. This study aimed to estimate the morphological sexual maturity (relative growth) of X. parvulus the functional biological patterns of the species in a No-take marine reserve. The crabs were sampled at the Marine State Park of Laje de Santos, an important protected area from São Paulo that is located close to the largest Brazilian harbor, Santos, using an artificial substrate and active search methods (scuba diving). The morphological sexual maturity of females was estimated in 7.28 mm, according to the Abdomen Width vs. Carapace Width relationship, while for males this value was 8.83 mm based on the Gonopod Length vs. Carapace Width relationship, the females presented an increase in abdominal growth, even during the mature stage in order to achieve higher reproductive success, since the abdominal structure is used to protect the embryos. The Gonopod Length vs. Carapace Width relationship showed that males copulate with different sized females, since a non-exaggerated growth of the gonopods keeps them adequate to the size of the female genital pore, i.e., juveniles exhibited negative allometry and adults presented isometry. Thus, estimating the size of the sexual maturity of a species requires the development of a model to acknowledge its biological and reproductive pattern, being an important tool to increase the knowledge about the behavior of this species and one of the parameters to evaluate its conservation status.
CORPORATE DIGITAL RESPONSIBILITY: FOUNDATIONS AND CONSIDERATIONS FOR ITS DEVELOPMENT
Authors: LONDOÑO-CARDOZO JOSÉ , PAZ MARÍA PÉREZ DE
Published: December 2021

ABSTRACT Purpose: To propose corporate digital responsibility as a new area of interest for social accountability in the contexts of technologies that are part of the 4.0 industries. Originality/value: In this regard, it was found that there is not enough theoretical and legal foundation that allows different types of organizations to face the implications of the adoption of new technologies. Therefore, essential foundations and considerations are raised for the development of corporate digital responsibility. Design/methodology/approach: The document presents a hermeneutical investigation based on a systemic literature review within the framework of two investigations. The first addressed the relevance of creating a new subject for traditional social responsibility in digital contexts, and the second demonstrated the epistemological need for social responsibility in technologies. Findings: Firstly, the fact that new technologies pose a social risk makes them a subject of social responsibility study. Secondly, the absence of regulations on industry 4.0 and the unpredictability of the advancement of technologies is not a limitation for creating a scenario of corporate digital responsibility. To conclude, the development of social responsibility in digital contexts is possible and necessary. However, we must be attentive to the variables of social risk that may arise with each new technology. Therefore, a constant review of the foundations and bases of corporate digital responsibility is needed.
Caminhos para um feminismo decolonial
Authors: Ferrara Jessica Antunes , Carrizo Silvina Liliana
Published: December 2021

Resumo Este estudo propõe uma descentralização epistêmica do movimento feminista, de modo que seja possível pensarmos em caminhos para uma prática feminista decolonial. Assim, é necessário lançarmos um olhar crítico ao projeto histórico do capital, cujas categorizações sociais tornam invisíveis as experiências e demandas de mulheres não-brancas. Os estudos sobre gênero e colonialidade elaborados por Rita L. Segato (2011) e María Lugones (2008) serão substanciais para uma profunda análise do sistema colonial de gênero, desarticulando classificações colonialistas e propondo alternativas particulares às mulheres da América Latina.
Frailty and sociodemographic and health factors, and social support network in the brazilian elderly: A longitudinal study
Authors: Fhon Jack Roberto Silva , Cabral Luípa Michele Silva , Giacomini Suellen Borelli Lima , dos Reis Nayara Araújo , Resende Marcela Cristina , Rodrigues Rosalina Aparecida Partezani
Published: December 2021

ABSTRACT Objective: To identify and analyze the sociodemographic and health factors and the social support network of the elderly associated with frailty in the assessments carried out between 2007/2008 and 2018. Methods: This is a longitudinal study with elderly people aged ≥65 years living in the community. The instruments used were those for Demographic Profile, the Mini Mental State Examination, the Functional Independence Measure, Lawton and Brody Scale, Geriatric Depression Scale, Minimum Relationship Map for the Elderly, and Edmonton Frail Scale. Descriptive analysis and linear regression were used, all tests with p < 0.05. Results: Of the 189 elderly in the study period (2007/2008–2018), most were 80 years old and over, with an average of 82.31 years old; they were women, with no partner, who lived with other family members and were retired. In the final analysis, regardless of age and sex, a decrease in functional independence, an increase in depressive symptoms, an increase in the number of self-reported illnesses, and an increase in the frailty score were observed. Conclusion: The factors that were associated with the increase in frailty of the elderly during the study period were age, female sex, and no partner. The health team, which includes nurses, shall be aware of changes and develop care plans to prevent or avoid their progression.
The choice of Medicine as a profession and the students’ labor perspective
Authors: Kamijo Eduardo Delatorre , Lima Maria Victória Schweder de , Pereira Ana Paula , Bonamigo Elcio Luiz
Published: December 2021

Abstract: Introduction: Medicine is a prestigious profession, therefore, although competition for admission is fierce and studies require dedication and sacrifices, thousands of young people face the challenge of becoming doctors every year. Objective: Describe the reasons why medical school students chose Medicine as a profession and their concerns about the job perspective. Method: Quantitative descriptive and documentary research, through the application of a questionnaire with sociodemographic and specific questions. Result: A high percentage of the female gender stood out, with 63.31% of the participants. The main reasons for choosing Medicine as a profession were altruism (71.75%), financial stability (59.42%) and personal accomplishment (58.77%). However, there was a decrease in the preference for altruism during internship (p<0.01). The biggest concern after training was “Doing a good job / Being a good professional” (79.87%) and, in relation to the “job market” and “devaluation of the profession”, there was an increase in the concern during internship (p <0.001). The majority (91.92%) expressed the intention to become a specialist physician, with the specialty of Gynecology and Obstetrics being the most sought after. Regarding the way of working, 51.3% expressed the desire to be a self-employed professional, 55.52% a public or private employee and 7.92% a liberal professional. The greatest difficulty expected in the profession was competition (57.70%) and the most important requirement for professional practice was “Medicine as a means to be useful or help people” (98.38%). Regarding the feelings experienced as a student, the levels of anxiety, stress and feeling of overload were high, respectively 80.52%, 79.55% and 73.38%. Conclusion: At the beginning of the course, there is a more idealized view of Medicine and throughout the development of phases, as contact with medical practice occurs, the students better understand their difficulties and increase their concerns, especially with the job market and the devaluation of the profession, causing, in some, the reduction of the humanistic ideals that motivated the choice of the profession, an aspect to be valued by medical schools during professional training.
Atitudes e percepções de professores e estudantes de medicina em relação ao suicídio
Authors: Amorim Maria Gardenia , Kubrusly Marcos , Gomes Sócrates Belém , Plens Isabella Cabral Marinho , Rocha Hermano Alexandre Lima , Silva Anamaria Cavalcante e
Published: December 2021

Abstract: Introduction: The World Health Organization (WHO) estimates that there are around one million deaths by suicide a year worldwide, more than the total sum of deaths caused by wars and homicides, which results in one death every 40 seconds. Despite the existence of several scientific publications on suicide prevention, there have been studies showing that health professionals are not trained to adequately care for individuals at risk of suicide. Objective: This study aimed to understand the attitudes and perceptions of medical school students and teachers regarding suicide. Methods: This is a cross-sectional, descriptive study, with a quantitative and qualitative approach, approved by the Research Ethics Committee, which assessed a sample of 180 students attending the 8th and 11th semesters and 57 teachers from different semesters of the evaluated medical courses. The data were obtained by applying the Suicide Behavior Attitude Questionnaire (SBAQ), in addition to a sociodemographic questionnaire. The data were submitted to descriptive and analytical statistics. Results: Regarding professional capacity, the scores were low for both students (median 5.5) and teachers (median 5.25). Students who had seen someone exhibiting suicidal behavior (p = 0.002) and those attending the more advanced semesters (p = 0.04) felt more confident when treating patients at risk of suicide. There was a significant difference regarding the Right to Suicide factor among students who said they were religious (p = 0.001), as also among the teachers who attended religious services with a higher frequency (p = 0.02). Conclusions: We conclude that students and teachers have had little experience with suicide in the assessed medical courses, which contributes to low level of training and the feeling of insecurity, indicating the need to give more importance to the subject in the undergraduate medical school, aiming to allow the acquisition of knowledge and skills for a competent and preventive medical practice regarding suicide.
Dez ideias sobre Abbas Kiarostami
Authors: Hinkel Jansen
Published: December 2021

Resumo O artigo apresenta dez pensamentos teóricos escolhidos para abordar a obra cinematográfica do diretor iraniano Abbas Kiarostami. A partir da análise do filme Dez, lançado em 2002, e de outras realizações do cineasta, são discutidas noções epistemológicas presentes nos espaços urbanos, representadas pela técnica do cinema. Para o texto, foram eleitos os seguintes campos de discussão confluentes entre os filmes e suas propostas estéticas, inseridos no estudo da comunicação audiovisual: o espaço, o real, o lugar, a crítica social, o enquadramento, a fala, o meio, o deslocamento, a natureza social e o confinamento.
Da salvação pela fé à cura pela autoestima: as origens religiosas do testemunho de vítima
Authors: Vaz Paulo , Sanchotene Nicole , Santos Amanda
Published: December 2021

Resumo Nas últimas décadas, observou-se uma explosão do gênero testemunhal nos meios de comunicação ao redor do mundo e sua centralidade para as políticas de identidade contemporâneas. Este artigo propõe que a origem destes testemunhos de vítimas de preconceito, que mesclam terapia e política, remonta às práticas protestantes, especialmente no interior da cultura norte-americana. O percurso genealógico proposto começa nas narrativas de conversão do século XVI, passando pela expansão do Metodismo nos Estados Unidos até o surgimento dos grupos de autoajuda laicos no século XX, marcados pela ideia de pensamento positivo e, mais tarde, de autoestima. Assim como Foucault propôs a confissão clínica como secularização da confissão católica, propomos que os testemunhos de vítima podem ser a secularização das narrativas de conversão.
Sozinho, me ajoelho; Juntos, nos levantamos: gesto e performance em levantes
Authors: Almeida Reno Beserra
Published: December 2021

Resumo Neste ensaio, abordamos o racismo, a violência policial e os recentes protestos políticos nos Estados Unidos amparados metodologicamente pelo campo de estudos da performance, ou seja, pensando esses acontecimentos como eventos performáticos. Sob essa chave, analisamos o assassinato de George Floyd e os protestos que emergiram em resposta à sua morte, pensados aqui a partir do conceito de levante, e um gesto que com notável frequência era repetido por diversos manifestantes: o de se ajoelhar. O gesto, nesse caso, é o momento intensamente performático no qual um corpo se expõe e cria a si mesmo e um outro espaço sensível possível, mesmo que efêmero, e que liga cada manifestante a toda uma linhagem de ativistas que lutaram e ainda lutam pelo fim da repetição do roteiro macabro da violência racial.
Antigas narrativas, contemporânea crise: raízes e disputas das três correntes discursivas ambientalistas
Authors: Alvim Mariana Freitas
Published: December 2021

Resumo O robusto trabalho de análise discursiva demonstrado por Vinicius Prates no livro Um mapa da ideologia no antropoceno é apresentado nesta resenha, com ênfase na abordagem da Escola de Essex, acionada pelo autor, que categoriza e detalha três correntes discursivas do ambientalismo: o ecologismo profundo, o ecologismo reformista e o ecologismo radical. Prates recorre a grandes narrativas anteriores à crise ambiental para mostrar as raízes dessas correntes, analisando também seus modos de agir e falar na contemporaneidade — evidenciando que elas formam uma batalha discursiva ainda em aberto.
VIDA PESSOAL, PROFISSIONAL E ACADÊMICA EM TEMPOS DE PANDEMIA: DESAFIOS ENFRENTADOS POR ESTUDANTES DO PPGENFIS/UNIVERSIDADE X
Authors: Barcellos Leandro da Silva , Coelho Geide Rosa
Published: December 2021

Nosso objetivo é analisar os desafios enfrentados por estudantes nas dimensões pessoal, profissional e acadêmica durante a pandemia do novo coronavírus. Realizamos um estudo qualitativo e exploratório no primeiro semestre de 2020. Os dados foram produzidos e coletados por meio de um questionário respondido por 22 estudantes de mestrado profissional em ensino de Física de uma Universidade Federal. A interpretação pautou-se na Análise Textual Discursiva. A adaptação às novas formas de trabalho, o cuidado parental e familiar e o bem-estar mental, influenciados pela pandemia, se constituíram como desafios para 18 estudantes, sendo mais intenso para as mulheres. Para outros quatro sujeitos o momento mostrou-se favorável por dar-lhes mais tempo para dedicação às atividades do mestrado. Entendemos que nossos resultados forneceram subsídios para o estabelecimento de ações para o cuidado pessoal e acadêmico, além de contribuir para as decisões metodológicas para o ensino remoto emergencial.