bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Cephalometric Analysis of Sagittal Lip Position in Different Skeletal Classes for Sudanese Adults
Authors: Hamid Sama , Baher Ghassan
Published: December 2022

Background: Since the cephalometry was introduced, many studies presented normal values for Caucasian populations. While in Africa, most studies have established normal values and ethnic differences associated with the skeletal pattern. The objectives of this study were to evaluate the anteroposterior lip position for Sudanese adults with Class I, II and III malocclusion by Burstone, Ricketts and Stiener analysis.
Materials and Methods: Lateral cephalographs for 218 [120 females and 98 males] Sudanese patients, were taken in natural head position, all were manually traced, categorized according to the skeletal Class I, II and III malocclusion. Three reference lines; Burstones, Ricketts and Steiners were traced and the linier distance between line and tip of the lips were measured by digital caliper. Data were analyzed using SPSS [statistical package of social science] software version 25. Descriptive analysis was done for each variable of each subject, Independent sample t-test to verify the gender difference in each skeletal class. One-way ANOVA test: to compare the measured variables among the skeletal classes in each gender and in total sample. Tukey HSD test: to test any statistically significant difference between each skeletal
classes.
Results: More protrusive lips were recorded when compared to Caucasian norms, significant difference in the sagittal lip position in different skeletal occlusions, with the skeletal class II having the more protrusive lips and differed significantly from class I and III. In class I group males had significantly more protrusive lips than females related to the three reference lines, also in class III related to Burstones line.
Conclusions: The sagittal lip position was associated with the pattern of skeletal occlusion. Sudanese have more protrusive lips than Caucasians, and should be dealt with accordingly.
Effect of Dual Trigger with Follicle Stimulating Hormone and Chorionic Gonadotropin Hormone on Ovulation Rate in Infertile Women received Aromatase Inhibitor Superovulation in Kirkuk City, Iraq
Authors: Mustafa Salwa S , Mousa Enas T
Published: December 2022

A prospective during the period October 2020 to April 2021, a comparative study was conducted at the Al-Nahrain University’s High Institute for Infertility Diagnosis and Assisted Reproductive Technologies (HIIDART). The study’s primary goal was to determine whether using a dual trigger (FSH and hCG) could increase the likelihood of achieving pregnancy. The participants in this study totaled one hundred women. Before taking part in the study, each participant signed a written informed consent form that was approved by the Al-Nahrain University’s Ethics Committee before participating. A total of one hundred and one women participated in the study, who were chosen from among those who attended the consultant clinic of the High Institute for Infertility Diagnosis and Assisted Reproductive Technologies in New York City. On the day of the IUI An ultrasound scan of the vaginal cavity was performed after 36 to 48 hours of trigger ovulation to confirm ovulation, measure, and evaluate the endometrial pattern, and assess sub endometrial blood flow. FSH, LH, Progesterone, and E2 levels were determined in a blood sample drawn on the same day for hormonal testing. Luteal phase support was initiated on the day of the IUI and continued for two weeks by administering 400 mg of progesterone vaginal suppository daily to the patient. Estimation of Beta human chorionic gonadotropins 14 days after IUI. The distribution of study groups by general characteristics is shown in Table 1. Study patients’ age was ranging from 19 to 39 years with a mean of 29.98 years and a standard deviation (SD) of ± 5.3 years. The highest proportion of study patients in all groups was aged between 25–34 years, overweighed, and complained from infertility for less than five years’ duration. The comparison in hormonal parameters between study groups at day of IUI is shown in Table 4.5. Mean of FSH level was significantly lower (p = 0.031) in group C than that in groups A and B (6.98 versus 9.06 and 9.3 IU/L respectively). Mean of E2 level was significantly higher (p = 0.001) in-group A than that in groups B and C (69.62 versus 53.32 and 36.65 pg/mL, respectively). The comparison in percentage of change in hormonal parameters at day of IUI compared to that at day of trigger according pregnancy outcome is shown in table (4.16). No significant differences between women who get pregnant than that in those who didn’t, in percentage of change of all other hormonal parameters at day of IUI (p ≥ 0.05) compared to that at day of trigger.
Synthesis and Evaluating the Antimicrobial Activities of Various Adducts Prepared from Isatins and Proline
Authors: Abdulkadir Maadh Q , Abdulwahab Abdulhafeedh H , Al-Mudhafar May M.J
Published: December 2022

characteristic tissues and cells, exerting their pharmacological aspects and alleviating a lot of diseased processes. Accordingly, this research is about introducing some isatins to be nucleophilically attacked at C3 forming products of azomethine ylide functionality. These iminium compounds were made by allowing certain isatins to be reacted with the secondary amino acid, proline, at acetic acid and methanol medium and then collected after purification to be identified with total Leukocyte count (TLC) and melting point. The structural characterization was performed by fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), proton nuclear magnetic resonance (1H-NMR), and community health nursing (CHN) analysis. The microbiological evaluation was proved with the disc diffusion method on cultured agars of Staphylococcus aureus, some Gram-negative bacilli, and the fungus Candida albicans using more than one concentration of the prepared molecules. It was found that the isatin adduct has no activity, whereas the others, having changed in substituents at position 5, are fluctuated in their action results.
Evaluation of Fetuin-A and Insulin Resistance among Iraqi Type 2 Diabetic Patients with and without Ischemic Heart Disease
Authors: Elias Noor G , Al-Shammaa Nawal M.J
Published: December 2022

Background: Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a metabolic disorder in which hyperglycemia is a characteristic feature due to impairment in insulin secretion, defective insulin action, or both reasons. One long-term complication is the ischemic heart disease (IHD) which is a major cause of morbidity and mortality. Insulin and fetuin-A are hormones that play a role in glucose metabolism regulation. Insulin is responsible for regulating glucose passage to the cells, while fetuin-A blocks insulin binding to its receptor, which is linked to insulin resistance in metabolic syndrome. Higher fetuin-A level patients have 4 times greater risk of developing IHD compared to patients with lower fetuin-A levels. Studies found that both hormones participate in the development of T2DM and IHD, beside their role in the pathophysiology of metabolic syndrome.
Aim of the study: Evaluate serum fetuin-A concentrations in type2 diabetic (T2D) patients with and without IHD and compare them with healthy individuals. Assess serum glucose, insulin levels, and HOMA-IR in T2D patients and IHD and compare them with healthy individuals.
Subjects and Methods: A case control study, that included 120 patients (60 have T2DM with IHD and 60 having T2DM without IHD age ranged from 30 to 70 years patient, who attended Al-Yarmouk Teaching Hospital and Iraqi Center for Myocardial Infarction, Medical City Hospital, Baghdad during the period from November 2020 until February 2021 and compare result with 60 healthy control which age ranged from 30 to 70 years. Female: male ratio is almost 1:1 in the three studied groups. The diagnosis of MI is based on medical reports, laboratory, and clinical tests for heart disease. Patients with neuropathy, retinopathy, thyroid dysfunction and liver diseases were excluded from the study. BMI, FBS, serum insulin, HOMA-IR, and fetuin-A were measured or calculated for each participant.
Result: a statistical difference in BMI between participants is found; 46.70% of T2DM in the IHD group are obese. No significant association between disease duration and development of IHD is found. All the included markers showed statistical differences in mean ± SD between the diabetic and control group; fetuin-a mean ± SD level was 27.63 13.31, 12.39 ± 5.61 and 9.93 ± 5.1 in T2DM with IHD, T2DM without IHD and control group, respectively. There was no statistical association between the markers and fetuin-A except a moderate positive correlation with insulin.
Conclusion: Fetuin-A can be used as a predictor of IHD development in diabetic patients.
Evaluation of the Vitamin C and Some Antioxidants in Patients with COVID-19
Authors: Jasim Noor M , Fadhil Entesar J
Published: December 2022

Across sectional study was carried out to evaluate the Vitamin C (Vit C) and some anti-oxidant in Sera of patients with corona virus. The study conducted on 60 blood samples, Group1(G1) includes 40 samples for patients with COVID-19, Control group which included 20 samples for healthy individuals with age range (35–60) year. Patient samples were collected from Al-Karama General Hospital (isolation unit), in Iraq. The present study includes the determination of serum C-reactive protein-CRP, Vitamin-C, Zinc, Glutathione (GSH) and Malonedialdehyde (MDA). The results indicate that the level of serum CRP significantly increased (p ≤ 0.01) in G1 compared with Control group. The level of Sera Vit. C, Zinc and GSH significantly decreased (p ≤ 0.01) in G1 compared with control group. The MDA level significantly increases (p ≤ 0.01) in G1 compared with a control group.From the present study, we conclude that the infection with coronavirus may reduce the antioxidant level and increase the oxidative stress in sera of patients with COVID-19.
Synthesis and Characterization of Formazan Derivatives from Schiff’s Base and Studying their Biological Activity
Authors: Kmal Rafid Q , Behget Shaimaa A , Husean Meaad N
Published: December 2022

A group of substituted formazine derivatives was prepared through several steps where the first step was the preparation of compound (1) by reacting chloroacetyl chloride with 2-aminopyrimidine, and the second step was the reaction of compound (1) with hydrazine hydrate to obtain the derivative (2) and in the third step was prepared Schiff’s base (3) by reaction of derivative (2) with para-dimethyl benzaldehyde and then a number of formazine derivatives were synthesized by reaction of derivative (3) with a number of substituted aromatic amines. The newly prepared derivatives are distinguished by their melting points (1H-nuclear magnetic resonance (1H-NMR), fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR)) spectra. The biological activity of the prepared derivatives was studied on two types of bacteria that cause urinary tract and measuring the diameter of the inhibition zone against the growth of these bacteria.
Perspective Impact of Gelling Agents on the Mechanistic Behavior for the Topical Delivery of Flufenamic Acid Nano-Ethosomal Dispersion
Authors: Muslim Rana K , Maraie Nidhal
Published: December 2022

Objective: This work involves the preparation and in vitro characterization of a topical gel formulation that is capable of deep skin permeation, providing the anti-inflammatory effect for the optimum nano ethosomal dispersion formula.
Methods: The optimum ethosomal dispersion was prepared (in our laboratory) by utilizing 3% flufenamic acid (FA), 30% ethanol, 1% phosphatidylcholine (PC), 10% propylene glycol, and 1% cholesterol by cold method and 20 minutes’ ultra-sonication. Four ethosomal gel formulas (G1-G4) were prepared by using carbopol 934 and carbopol 940 at 1% and 1.5% concentration at a 1:1 ratio as a gelling agent. These formulas were further subjected to in vitro characterization to assess their physical appearance, consistency, viscosity, spreadability, in vitro drug release, and ex-vivo skin permeation and deposition.
Results: The results revealed that the formula (G1) demonstrated the best homogeneity, consistency, and spreadability as well as an initial release of 68.53% after 10 hours, that continued up to 89.36% after 24 hours, and a significantly higher drug release percentage at pH 7.4 than pH 5.5 with substantially higher ex vivo abdominal rat skin permeation (60.74%) and deposition percentages (36.87%%) in comparison to flufenamic acid plain gel prepared conventionally which demonstrated 23.73% and 14.96% skin permeation and deposition percentages after 24 hours.
Conclusion: This work was successful in preparing a novel topical gel using ethosomal nanocarriers, promoting efficient topical skin delivery of the anti-inflammatory FA with a once-daily application, which improved patient compliance.
Evaluation of the Cytotoxic Effect of the Epoxyconazole and Difenoconazole on Human Colorectal Cancer HCT116 Cell Line
Authors: Almedeny Seher A.R , Sahib Zena H , Al Mukhtar Entisar J , Alkelaby Khalda K
Published: December 2022

Since the anticancer role of itraconazole has been approved, interest in other triazole members has been increased. In this study, we try to investigate the anticancer effect of two triazole members, difenoconazole (DIF) and epoxyconazole (EPO) on the HCT116 human colorectal cancer cell line and compare their effect with the standard anticancer agent: methotrexate (MTX) by MTT cytotoxicity assay.
Aim: To assess the cytotoxic effect of epoxyconazole and difenoconazole on human colorectal cancer HCT116 cell line.
Results: The DIF, EPO, and MTX in all concentrations resulted in highly significant (p is less than 0.001) growth rate inhibition in the HCT-116 and Vero cells compared to the dose-dependent negative control group. All concentrations of DIF and EPO (except the concentration of 1000 μg/mL of EPO) show significant (p is less than 0.01) higher growth rate inhibition in the vero cell line in comparison to the HCT 116 cell line. The MTX group in all concentrations showed highly significant inhibition in the growth percentage of the HCT116cell line in comparison to the vero cell line except for the concentration of 1000 μg/ml in which no significant (p > 0.05) difference was seen between cell lines.
Conclusions: EPO and DIF are ineffective as anticancer drugs; EPO and DIF are toxic to the normal cells and nonselective in their action toward cancer cells.
Zinc Status in Children with Bronchial Asthma
Authors: Al–Tufaily Yahya , Hussein Qusay N , Hussein Kassim F
Published: December 2022

Background: Asthma is a chronic inflammatory condition of the lung resulting in episodic airflow obstruction resulting from chronic inflammation of the conducting zone of the airways. Zinc, an essential dietary metallic, shows different parts in the leading routes and partially underwrites numerous organic enzymes’ construction and purpose. It also controls ion trailers applicable to pulmonary illnesses.
Objectives: Difference in serum zinc level in asthmatic kids and the non-asthmatic kids according to the period and harshness of asthma.
Methods: A total of 200 children aged 1–12 years enrolled in this case-control study. Children were categorized into two groups, the first group included 100 patients with asthma, and the second group was the control group that included 100 healthy Children. Age and sex-matched children. Serum zinc was measured from the collected blood samples using APEL/SPECTROPHOTOMETER for both asthmatic patients and control group.
Results: A total of 59 patients (59%) were males and 41 patients (41%) were females for patients with asthma. Low serum zinc in asthmatic children (64.22 μg/dL). There is a significant difference in serum zinc between asthmatic and non-asthmatic collection, also significant differences according to severity and period of asthma.
Conclusion: Level of serum zinc is low in asthmatic kids, and differs according to severity, period of asthma in steroid usage
Evaluation Fitness of Alcoholic Extract of Laurus nobilis Leaves on Lipid Profile and some Physiological Parameters in Female Albino Rats Treated with Depakin Drug
Authors: Al-turfi Zainab S.M
Published: December 2022

The present study aimed to explain the effect of ethanolic extract of Laurus nobilis leaves on lipid profile and some physiological parameters in treated with depakin drug in the female albino rats. Twenty subjects were used in the experimental and were divided into four groups, G1 control, G2 with alcoholic extract, G3 only depakin drug, G4 alcoholic extract, and depakin drug. The first group was dosed with a concentration of 0.9 mL physiological saline solution. Each group animal was given an intraperitoneal injection, and the dose lasted 30 days once daily. The results reveal a substantial drop (p 0.05) in weight, lower cholesterol, triglyceride, Low-density lipoproteins (LDL), and very low-density lipoproteins (VLDL) levels, and a significant rise in LDL and VLDL levels. (p is less than 0.05) in the red blood cells (RBCs), Hb, WBCs, and PLT count in alcoholic extract compared with the rest of the group rats. The ethanolic extract of Laurus nobilis leaves possesses loss of weight and hypolipidemia.
Scientific Basis of Ethno-pharmacological Claims of Moringa Oleifera Lam.
Authors: Alam Niyaz , Kaushik Rahul , Hussain Sarfaraj , Singh Lubhan , Khan Najam A
Published: December 2022

Moringa oleifera Lam. or munga is one of the most important plants widely cultivated in India. It belongs to family Moringaceae. It is a popular Indian medicinal plant, has long been used commonly in Ayurvedic system of medicine. M. oleifera is rich in various active phyto-constituents (tannins, sterols, terpenoids, flavonoids, saponins, anthraquinones, alkaloids, and vitamins) in addition to different minerals in its leaves and seeds. The plant has been found to exhibit diverse number of pharmacological activities such as analgesic, anti-inflammatory, antipyretic, anticancer, antioxidant, nootropic, hepatoprotective, gastroprotective, anti-ulcer, cardiovascular, anti-obesity, antiepileptic, anti-asthmatic, antidiabetic, anti-urolithiatic, diuretic, local anaesthetic, anti-allergic, anthelmintic, wound healing, antimicrobial, immunomodulatory, and antidiarrheal properties. The present paper gives an account of updated information on its phytochemical and pharmacological activities. So, the aim of the present review is to provide comprehensive information from recognized sources on the ethnobotany, traditional uses, phytochemistry and pharmacological efficacy and of the medicinal plant, M. oleifera. These reports are very encouraging and indicate that herb should be studied more extensively for its therapeutic benefits. Clinical trials using Moringa for a variety of combinations in different formulations should also be conducted.
Impacts of International Council for Harmonization Q12 in Lifecycle Management of the Post-Approval Changes
Authors: Pavithra G M , Nagalakshmi S
Published: December 2022

The complexity of the current pharma market needs the most effective drug product development and production. Product lifecycle management (PLM) can produce pharmaceutical manufacturing more efficiently and with less risk. The life cycle approach became adopted in numerous stages within the pharmaceutical company, considering its inception. This International Council for Harmonisation (ICH) Q12 guideline intends to enhance the supervision of the post-approval chemistry, manufacturing, and control changes most reliably and effectively both for pharmaceutical industries and regulatory authorities. In this review article, we discuss the benefits and challenges related to this enhanced framework. The new ICH Q12 guideline “Technical and regulatory considerations for pharmaceutical product lifecycle management” assist the management of post-approval chemistry, manufacturing, and controls (CMC) changes in an effective way with regard to the pharmaceutical companies.
Evaluation of Circulating MicroRNA-221 and Il-10 Levels as Potential Diagnostic Markers for Colorectal Cancer in Correlation with Prognosis
Authors: Falih Ekhlas S. , Obaid Suhad H. , Hameed Faten R.
Published: December 2022

Background: Because of the capacity of MicroRNAs to down-regulate tumor suppressor expression and enhance tumorigenesis, they are of great importance in the knowledge of cancer. Aim of the study: To study the performance of miR-221 and IL-10 in colorectal carcinoma. Patients and methods: In the present study, venous blood specimens were taken from (55) patient suffering from colorectal cancer who were attending the Medical City, Baghdad (Teaching laboratories), during the period from 1st Jun. 2018 to 30th Sep. 2019. For detection of miRNA-221 expression in patient’s sera, the Real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was used. Results: Descriptive analysis of miRNA-221 expression according to pathological grading and gender showed no significant difference (p > 0.05), however, variations of miRNA-221 expression among patient and controls revealed significant differences (p < 0.05). There was a highly significant difference in the mean serum IL-10 levels among patients with CRC when compared with the control group (p > 0.04). While the highest disease risk was correlated to higher mi-RNA-221 with IL-10 levels related with poor prognosis. Conclusion: The high expressions of mi-RNA-221 can act as prognostic markers in patients with colorectal cancer. Besides, the higher levels of miRNA-221 and IL-10 were correlated with worse prognosis.
Study of Activated Cellular Immunity due exposition to Systemic Endotoxinemia by Physical Exertion of Athletes
Authors: Al-Akhras Rashad K. M. , Mahdi Najlaa S.
Published: December 2022

Background: According to the study, the indices of cellular antiendotoxin immunity can be applied to assess the athletes’ adaptation to physical exertion at various stages of a one-year training program. In the early 90s of the 20th century, a new theory appeared about the role of endotoxin (ET) of intestinal microflora in physiology and human pathology, which, in our opinion, can be used to systematize knowledge about the development mechanisms of a general adaptation syndrome and form the basis of the general theory of its pathogenesis. Aim of the study: The study aims was to study the role of systemic endotoxinemia and indicators of cellular immunity in athletes of various sports specialization in assessing adaptation to physical activity. The article shows the possibility of using indicators of the cellular link of antiendotoxin immunity for assessment of the adaptation of the body of athletes to physical activity at different stages of the annual training cycle. Methodology: A study of the content of ET in the bloodstream and indicators of the granulocyte link was carried out to estimate antiendotoxin immunity for various athletes. Results: The results obtained show that trained and untrained people have a clearly expressed endotoxinemia, and the indicators of endotoxinemia significantly increase during exercise in the control group and among athletes. Conclusion: Our findings allow us to draw a conclusion about the very likely participation of ET in the development of pathological processes when adapting to physical activity. Recommendations: Make other studies among different athletes to analyze the relation and adaptation between immunity and endotoxins.
Formulation and Development of β-glucan Hydrogel using Design of Experiments (DOE)
Authors: Kusuma M. P. , Mogili Manisha N. S.
Published: December 2022

β-Glucan, an endogenous carbohydrate, is a key functional ingredient found in barley and oats and a major component of microbiological and plant cell walls. With no severe adverse effects, it has anti-tumor, diabetic lowering, wound healing, anti-aging and anticholesteremic effects. Twenty formulations were prepared using different polymers like carbapol 934, hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC) K100M, HPMC K15M, guar gum and xantham gum. F1 formulation exhibited satisfactory results with respect to in-vitro drug release, spreadability, extrudability viscosity and drug content. In order to optimize the concentration of polymers used in F1 formulation, design 13 was opted. All the above 8 runs were subjected to evaluation tests, out of which F28 exhibited maximum drug release with optimum viscosity, spreadability and extrudability. The results correlated with the design with less percentage relative error. F28 formulation was observed to have positive correlation for ex-vivo drug release. Comparable wound healing activity was observed when performed on HaCaT cell lines.
Synthesis of New Substituted Coumarin Derivatives containing Schiff-Base as Potential Antimicrobial and Antioxidant Agents
Authors: Mohammed Ali Y. , Ahamed Luma S.
Published: December 2022

By unusual method for separating two isomers of a substituted nitro-coumarin using a soxhlet extractor and in controlling temperature to get a selective nitration reaction, several new Schiff base coumarins were synthesized from nitro coumarins as starting material, which were reduced by Fe in glacial acetic acid to produce corresponding amino coumarin derivatives. Then the latter was reacted with different aromatic aldehydes to produce the desired Schiff bases derivatives. After characterization by Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR), Proton nuclear magnetic resonance (1HNMR) and Carbon-13 nuclear magnetic resonance (C-NMR), all these compounds were evaluated as potential Antimicrobial and Antioxidant Agents.
Synthesis, Characterization of New Sulfamethoxazole Derivatives containing β-lactam Ring and Preliminary Evaluation of their Antimicrobial Activity
Authors: Moutlk Ahmed M. , Al-mudhafar May M. J.
Published: December 2022

Sulfamethoxazole (SMX) is the most significant antibiotic in the sulfonamide family. It was chosen as the representative of this category because of its widespread use. Starting with sulfamethoxazole, a new series of 2-Azetidinone (M1-M6) was synthesized, the structure of these new derivatives was confirmed using spectral methods, starting with the synthesis of Schiff’s bases by reflux of different aromatic benzaldehydes, separately, with Sulfamethoxazole in ethanol with few drops of acetic acid. The final compounds were obtained by ketene-imine synthesis of β-lactam using chloroacetyl chloride. The designed chemicals’ synthesis has been completed successfully. Physical parameters (melting points and Rf values), Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy, and Proton nuclear magnetic resonance (1H-NMR) spectroscopy were used to establish the purity and characterization of these derivatives. When compared to standard antibiotics (Sulfamethoxazole, Ciprofloxacin, and Fluconazole), the preliminary antimicrobial activity tests on four different bacteria strains and one type of fungus demonstrated that the final compounds (M1-M6) have significant activity. Finally, the new derivatives (M3 and M5) are the most potent than the other ones and more active than the standard drugs.
New Metal Complexes Derived from Heterocyclic Schiff-base Ligand; Preparation, Structural Investigation and Biological Activity
Authors: Khaleel Hind I. , Al-Rubaye Baidaa K.
Published: December 2022

The formation of a Schiff-base with N2O2 donor atoms derived from the hydrazine segment and its metal complexes are reported. The Schiff-base ligand; N’-((1R,2S,4R,5S,Z)-2,4-diphenyl-3-azabicyclo[3.3.1]nonan-9-ylidene)furan-2-carbohydrazide (HL) was prepared from the reaction of furan-2-carbohydrazide with (1R, 2R, 4R, 5S)-2,4-diphenyl-3-azabicyclo[3.3.1]nonan-9-one (M1) in ethanol medium. The reaction of the title ligand with selected metal ions Cr(III), Mn(II), Ni(II), Cu(II), Zn(II) and Cd(II) gave complexes with the general formula [M(L)Cl2], (where: M = Cr(III), Mn(II), Ni(II), Cu(II), Zn(II) and Cd(II)). Spectroscopic analyses Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR), Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) Carbon-13 nuclear magnetic resonance (1H- and 13C-NMR), mass and electronic spectroscopy and atomic absorption) along with elemental microanalysis (C.H.N), chloride percentage, conductivity measurements, magnetic moments and melting point were used to establish the identity of ligand and complexes. The biological activity of the synthesized compounds towards bacterial strains (G+ and G-) was investigated.
Evaluation of the Effect of Bromocriptine and Sitagliptin and Their Combination on Lipid Profile and Inflammatory Parameters in Induced Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) in Male Albino Rat
Authors: Al Ani Khudhair A. M. Abed , Abbas Duraid A.
Published: December 2022

The current study aimed to investigate the hypolipidemic and anti-inflammatory effects of recently used hypoglycemic drugs bromocriptine and sitagliptine alone and combined dosing regimen on induced type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in albino rats. Forty adult male rats divided equally into five groups including four diabetic groups and one non-diabetic representing control negative.
Analysis of Statistical and Demographic Processes in Parishes of Voronich Land of Opochka Uyezd of Pskov Province in the XVIII-XIX Centuries
Authors: Иванова А. С.
Published: December 2022

Статья посвящена вопросу анализа статистических и демографических показателей в приходах Вороничской земли Опочецкого уезда Псковской губернии в XVIII-XIX вв. на основе данных церковной делопроизводственной документации. Предпринята попытка проанализировать клировые ведомости, исповедные росписи и метрические книги как ведущие источники для проведения социальноисторических исследований по демографической динамике, структуре семьи и социальному составу православного приходского населения, а также для изучения системы расселения и структуры владений на микроуровне. Сделан вывод о том, что выявленные количественные показатели отражают общие социально-демографические тенденции европейской части Российской империи в XVIII-XIX вв.

The article is devoted to analysis of statistical and demographic issues in parishes of Voronich land of Opochka Uyezd of Pskov province in the XVIII-XIX centuries. The article analyzes church registers (confessional, clergy and parish registers) as leading sources for conducting socio-historical research on demographic dynamics, family structure and social composition of Orthodox population of the parishes, as well as for research of the settlement system and the structure of landowning at the micro level. It is concluded that the revealed quantitative indicators reflect general socio-demographic trends of the European part of the Russian Empire in the XVIII-XIX centuries.
An Attempt of Reconstruction of the Tver Kremlin Street Network in the Second Half of the 12th - 16th Centuries
Authors: Данилов В. В. , Романова Е. А. , Олейников О. М.
Published: December 2022

Статья посвящена реконструкции уличной сети Тверского кремля на протяжении четырех столетий на основе археологических данных, полученных за последние 40 лет его изучения. Восстановлены, с известной долей гипотетичности, трассы 12 улиц. Большинство улиц имело деревянное бревенчатое мощение, часть проездов замощена плахами, некоторые трассы оказались грунтовыми. В целом уличная сеть средневекового Тверского кремля представляется весьма развитой и довольно стабильной.

The article is dedicated to reconstruction of street network of the Tver Kremlin over the period of 4 centuries, based on archaeological data gained during the last 40 years of its excavations. 12 streets have been presumably reconstructed. Most of the streets had pavements made of logs, the small part of the streets was paved with scaffolds, some streets were without pavements. Overall, the street network of the medieval Tver Kremlin was well-developed and stable enough.
Woodwork from the Landskrona Fortress
Authors: Сорокин П. Е. , Андреева О. А. , Матвеев В. Н.
Published: December 2022

В ходе археологических раскопок крепости Ландскрона на Охтинском мысу в 2008-2009 годах была собрана коллекция деревянных предметов (128 единиц). Большинство их происходит из заглубленного сруба - колодца в основании башни. В коллекции представлены вещи, связанные со строительной и хозяйственной деятельностью (землеройные лопаты и носилки, бондарные изделия, совки для сыпучих веществ, черенки, колы), бондарные изделия, а также конструктивные элементы (колеса от ворота колодца, доски, брусья). Вероятно, большая часть хозяйственных и бытовых предметов была привезена сюда шведскими войсками, другая изготавливалась уже на месте. Большая часть деревянных изделий находит аналогии в средневековой североевропейской и северорусской культуре. Имеется также сходство с вещами XVII в. из г. Ниена и крепости Ниеншанц, что свидетельствует об устойчивости набора деревянных изделий и традиций деревообработки.

During the archeological excavations on the Ochta cape there was a collection of a wooden items picked. These objects are dates to time of Landskrona fortress (1300-1301). The largest part was found in buried log-cabin, which was the base of tower, mentioned in Eric Chronicle. These items were constructional and household things (shovels and stretchers, barrels, scoops, stakes, and stalks) and parts of constructions (wheels from well, boards and stakes). Most likely, the main part of these items was transferred here by Swedish troops, another part was manufactured here. The biggest part of wooden items from Landskrona is very similar to medieval counterparts in Northern Europe and Rus' and from Nien town and Nyenschantz fortress. It testifies that the tradition of woodworking and its assortment were stable during a long time.
Archaeological Study of the Settlement Gorozhane in 2019
Authors: Михайлов А. В. , Романовский А. Б.
Published: December 2022

Поселение Горожане располагается в юго-восточной части Бежаницкой возвышенности на водоразделе бассейнов рек Великой и Ловати. Площадь поселения составляет около 3 га, мощность культурных отложений - 0,6-0,8 м. Под слоем распашки сохранился непотревоженный культурный слой мощностью до 0,4 м, который содержит следы двух крупных пожаров. В слое пожара первой половины XI в. встречены остатки двух наземных срубных построек. Керамический комплекс на 85% состоит из лепной керамики. Находки гончарной керамики единичны. Коллекция индивидуальных находок представлена 500 предметами. Значительную часть коллекции составляют стеклянные и каменные бусы. Кроме того, среди находок представлены предметы вооружения, украшения, торговый инвентарь, бытовые предметы, несколько дирхемов. Поселение Горожане можно считать одним из ключевых пунктов торгового пути между бассейнами Ловати и Великой. Этот памятник по ряду параметров (достаточно узкая датировка - X в., мощность и хорошая сохранность культурных отложений, вещевая коллекция) является значимым археологическим объектом для изучения ранней истории Древней Руси.

Gorozhane settlement is located in the South-Eastern part of Bezhanitsky highland, on the watershed between the basins of the Velikaya and the Lovat rivers. The settlement area is about 3 ha, the cultural deposits density is 0,6-0,8 m. There is an intact cultural layer up to 0.3 m thick that contains traces of big fire under the plowed layer. There are remnants of an adobe oven and a heater in the fire layer. The fire dates from the end of the 10th century AD. 85% of the ceramics are molded ones. There are only several pieces of pottery. Individual findings are presented by 500 items. The significant part of them consists of glass and stone beads. There were weaponry, adornments, trading equipment, household utensils and several dirhams found. Gorozhane settlement is certainly one of the key points on the trading route between the Lovat river and the Velikaya river basin areas. The features of this monument (rather narrow dating - 10th c. AD., density and good preservation of cultural deposits, material collection) make it an important archaeological site for the early history of Ancient Rus.
Field Works of Pskov Archaeologists in 2019 and 2020
Authors: Кулакова М. И.
Published: December 2022

В статье представлен обзор основных археологических работ (раскопок и разведок), проведенных археологами Государственного бюджетного учреждения культуры Псковской области «Археологический центр Псковской области» и Автономной некоммерческой организации «Псковский археологический центр» в 2019-2020 годах на территории Пскова и Псковской области.

The article provides an overview of the main archaeological works (excavations, archaeological exploration) carried out by archaeologists of the State Budget Cultural Institution of the Pskov region “Archaeological Center of the Pskov Region” and the Autonomous Non-Profit Organization “Pskov Archaeological Center” in 2018 on the territory of Pskov and the Pskov region.
Pedagogical technology of developing a compliment comparison in Russian and Chinese linguocultures
Authors: Ли Г.
Published: December 2022

Феномен интереса к вежливости как социальной, так и лингвистической растет за последние три десятилетия, о чем свидетельствуют цифры статей, появляющихся на эту тему в международных журналах и монографиях. Вежливость рассматривается с точки зрения этикета. Речевое общение считают одним из важнейших видов человеческой деятельности. Мы говорим только определенными речевыми жанрами, то есть все наши высказывания обладают определенными и относительно стали типовые формы построения целого (говорим не стоит воспринимать как характеристику только устной речи: речь идет о богатом репертуаре устных (и письменных) речевых жанров. Носитель языка с детства впитывает разнообразные стереотипные формы высказываний, «вживается» в них, выстраивает свою речь, автоматически «запасаясь» к требованиям определенного речевого жанра. И даже при таких условиях психологи и лингводидакты порой констатируют недостаточное владение говорящим палитрой речевых жанров, что приводит к коммуникативным неудачам. Поэтому ученые обращают внимание на важность этого аспекта в обучении русского и китайского языка.

The phenomenon of interest in politeness, both social and linguistic, has been growing over the past three decades, as evidenced by the numbers of articles appearing on this topic in international journals and monographs. Politeness is considered from the point of view of etiquette. Speech communication is considered one of the most important types of human activity. We speak only in certain speech genres, that is, all our utterances have certain and relatively standard forms of constructing the whole (we say it should not be perceived as a characteristic of oral speech only: we are talking about a rich repertoire of oral (and written) speech genres. A native speaker from childhood absorbs a variety of stereotypical forms of utterances, "gets used" to them, builds his speech, automatically "stocking up" to the requirements of a certain speech genre. And even under such conditions, psychologists and linguo-teachers sometimes state the speaker's insufficient command of the palette of speech genres, which leads to communicative failures. Therefore, scientists pay attention to the importance of this aspect in teaching Russian and Chinese.
To the issue of emotional-expressive component of communicative-pragmatic categories of threat and warning
Authors: Арский А.А.
Published: December 2022

В данной статье в русле антропоцентрического исследовательского подхода представлено тезисное рассмотрение некоторых наиболее значимых аспектов коммуникативно-прагматических категорий угрозы и предостережения как элементов макрокатегории воли, образующей одну из основ эгоцентрической семантики. Современное языкознание характеризуется выраженной антропоцентрической направленностью. В рамках данной парадигмы, в частности, проводятся исследования семантических категорий эгоцентрического плана, имеющих прямое отношение к реализации волюнтативной, долженствующе-предписующей функции языка, характерной, например, для современного официально-делового стиля общения. Примером упомянутого семантического класса языковых выражений являются исследуемые нами «угроза» и «предостережение» – коммуникативные средства подавления, в той или иной степени, воли адресата в целях коррекции его поведения либо постановки его в известность о негативных последствиях уже совершенных им действий. Данные категории являются составной частью одной из основополагающих семантических категорий эгоцентрической направленности – глобальной категории воли, лежащей в основе любого коммуникативного взаимодействия.

In this article, in line with the anthropocentric research approach, a thesis consideration of some of the most significant aspects of the communicative-pragmatic categories of threat and warning as elements of the macro-category of will, which forms one of the foundations of egocentric semantics, is presented. Modern linguistics is characterized by a pronounced anthropocentric orientation. Within the framework of this paradigm, in particular, studies of semantic categories of the egocentric plan are carried out, which are directly related to the implementation of the voluntary, due-prescriptive function of language, characteristic, for example, of the modern official-business style of communication. An example of the mentioned semantic class of language expressions are the "threat" and "warning" studied by us – communicative means of suppressing, to one degree or another, the will of the addressee in order to correct his behavior or make him aware of the negative consequences of actions already committed by him. These categories are an integral part of one of the fundamental semantic categories of egocentric orientation – the global category of will underlying any communicative interaction.
The quality of education in the context of modern transformations of higher education
Authors: Нагимов И.Р. , Шампоров Н.К.
Published: December 2022

Стратегической задачей образования является приведение его к мировым стандартам. Для реализации определенной стратегии приоритетной задачей является обеспечение высококачественного образования на всех ее этапах и уровнях, оценки ее результативности и управления качеством. Уровень и значение качества высшего образования с учетом потребностей как экономики, так и отдельных граждан и общества в целом, а также развитие институциональных механизмов, обеспечивающих качество высшего образования, является приоритетным в системе общегосударственной образовательной политики. В связи с процессом глобализации и теми изменениями, которые происходят в сфере высшего образования, вопрос обеспечения качества высшего образования приобретает особую актуальность и требует рассмотрения его в контексте определений современности как текучей целостной сложности в ситуации глобальных трансформаций. Рассматривается качество образования в двух аспектах: внешнего (качество результата образовательного процесса) и внутреннего (характеристики системы обеспечения качества). Качество результата образовательного процесса отражает соответствие уровня подготовки выпускников требованиям стандартов. Система обеспечения качества состоит из содержания образования, уровня подготовки обучающихся, преподавательских кадров, учебно-методического и материально-технического обеспечения, использования образовательных технологий.

The strategic objective of education is to bring it to international standards. To implement a certain strategy, the priority task is to ensure high-quality education at all its stages and levels, to assess its effectiveness and quality management. The level and importance of the quality of higher education, taking into account the needs of both the economy and individual citizens and society as a whole, as well as the development of institutional mechanisms that ensure the quality of higher education, is a priority in the system of national educational policy. In connection with the process of globalization and the changes that are taking place in the field of higher education, the issue of ensuring the quality of higher education is of particular relevance and requires consideration in the context of definitions of modernity as a fluid integral complexity in a situation of global transformations. The quality of education is considered in two aspects: external (the quality of the result of the educational process) and internal (characteristics of the quality assurance system). The quality of the result of the educational process reflects the compliance of the level of training of graduates with the requirements of standards. The quality assurance system consists of the content of education, the level of training of students, teaching staff, educational, methodological and logistical support, the use of educational technologies.
Study of communication skills in older pre-school children
Authors: Латыпова И.Г. , Мамедова Л.В.
Published: December 2022

Актуальность исследования по теме развития коммуникативных навыков у детей старшего дошкольного возраста заключается в том, что этот период можно считать определенного рода проводником между детским садом и начальной школой. Именно тогда усиливаются требования перед ребенком к организации общения с окружающими его людьми, не только сверстниками, но и взрослыми. В анализируемом возрастном периоде ребенок подвержен проблемам, связанными с недостаточно сформированными коммуникативными навыками, которые в дальнейшем влияют на его будущее. Коммуникативные навыки являются важнейшим средством, обеспечивающим успешную деятельность ребёнка в сфере коммуникации. Нарушение процесса общения в глобальном смысле этого понятия происходит из-за отсутствия простых умений, которые в свою очередь осложняют общение ребенка со своими сверстниками и окружающими взрослыми. Именно поэтому данному вопросу уделяется особое внимание со стороны психологов, педагогов и конечно ученых. В работе описаны результаты первичной диагностики, проведенной на базе ДОУ «Незабудка» при помощи диагностики форм общения по М. И. Лисиной. Обработанные нами результаты диагностики показали, что больше половине респондентов оказались на уровнях (низкий, средний), что подтверждает нашу гипотезу о развитии коммуникативных навыков у данной категории детей.

The relevance of the research on the development of communication skills in older preschool children is that this period can be considered a certain kind of conductor between kindergarten and elementary school. It is then that the requirements for the child to organize communication with people around him, not only peers, but also adults, become stronger. In the analyzed age period, the child is subject to problems associated with insufficiently formed communication skills, which further affect his future. Communication skills are the most important means of ensuring the successful activity of a child in the field of communication. Violation of the communication process in the global sense of this concept occurs due to the lack of simple skills, which in turn complicate the communication of the child with his peers and surrounding adults. That is why this issue is given special attention by psychologists, teachers and, of course, scientists. This article presents the results of a study conducted on the basis of the DOE "Forget-me-not" with the help of diagnostics of forms of communication by M. I. Lisina. As the study showed, most of the participants coped with the tasks at an average and low level, based on this, we can conclude that the need to develop communication skills in older preschool children is indisputable.