bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
UNDERWATER ENDOSCOPIC MUCOSAL RESECTION FOR NON-PEDUNCULATED COLORECTAL LESIONS. A PROSPECTIVE SINGLE-ARM STUDY
Authors: LENZ Luciano , MARTINS Bruno , KAWAGUTI Fabio Shiguehisa , TELLIAN Alexandre , PENNACHI Caterina Maria Pia Simoni , SORBELLO Mauricio , GUSMON Carla , PAULO Gustavo Andrade de , UEMURA Ricardo , GEIGER Sebastian , LIMA Marcelo Simas de , SAFATLE-RIBEIRO Adriana , BABA Elisa , HASHIMOTO Claudio Lyoiti , MALUF-FILHO Fauze , RIBEIRO JR Ulysses
Published: June 2020

ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: Underwater endoscopic mucosal resection (UEMR) has emerged as a revolutionary method allowing resection of colorectal lesions without submucosal injection. Brazilian literature about this technique is sparse. OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was evaluate the efficacy and safety of UEMR technique for removing non-pedunculated colorectal lesions in two Brazilian tertiary centers. METHODS: This prospective study was conducted between June 2016 and May 2017. Naïve and non-pedunculated lesions without signs of submucosal invasion were resected using UEMR technique. RESULTS: A total of 55 patients with 65 lesions were included. All lesions, except one, were successfully and completely removed by UEMR (success rate 98.5%). During UEMR, two cases of bleeding were observed (3.0%). One patient had abdominal pain on the day after resection without pneumoperitoneum. There was no perforation or delayed bleeding. CONCLUSION: This study supports the existing data indicating acceptable rates of technical success, and low incidence of adverse events with UEMR. The results of this Brazilian study were consistent with previous abroad studies.
VALUE OF CLINICAL, LABORATORY PARAMETERS AND ANALYSIS OF RETINAL VASCULARIZATION IN PEDIATRIC PATIENTS WITH PORTAL HYPERTENSION
Authors: GONÇALVES Mariana Batista , ALVES Bruno de Queiroz , MARIANELLI Bruna Ferraço , POLIZELLI Murilo Ubukata , AZEVEDO Ramiro Anthero de , MORAES Nilva Simeren Bueno de
Published: June 2020

ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: Portal hypertension is one of the complications of cirrhosis and is associated with numerous systemic manifestations, including renal, brain, pulmonary, cardiac and vascular changes. In routine ophthalmological examinations performed at our service, we observed that some children diagnosed with portal hypertension had increased retinal vascular tortuosity. OBJECTIVE: 1. To evaluate the presence of retinal vascular abnormalities (vascular tortuosity) in children diagnosed with portal hypertension; 2. To investigate the association between retinal vascular tortuosity and the presence of gastroesophageal varices in these children; 3. To evaluate the use of clinical and laboratory parameters to predict the presence of gastroesophageal varices in children with portal hypertension. METHODS: This was a cross-sectional and observational study that included patients aged <18 years with a diagnosis of portal hypertension. The participants included were submitted to dilated fundus examination and fundus photography with Visucam (Carl Zeiss Meditec AG) device. Besides, clinical and laboratorial data were collected from the patients’ medical records. RESULTS: A total of 72 patients were included in this study, and 36% of them had an increase in retinal vascular tortuosity. Platelet count (P=0.001), bilirubin dosage (P=0.013) and aspartate transaminase dosage (AST) (P=0.042) were associated with the presence of gastroesophageal varices in digestive endoscopy. There was no association between retinal vascular tortuosity and the presence of gastroesophageal varices (P=0.498). CONCLUSION: The results of this study suggest that platelet count, bilirubin dosage, and aspartate transaminase dosage were associated with the presence of gastroesophageal varices in digestive endoscopy. Regarding the retinal findings, we found that there was an increase in retinal vascular tortuosity in 36% of pediatric patients, but no association was found with the presence of gastroesophageal varices.
Aplicabilidade de sistema reator anaeróbio compartimentado seguida de filtro anaeróbio no tratamento de efluentes de suinocultura de pequeno porte
Authors: Rodrigues Luciano Santos , Torres Ednardi Pereira , Rodrigues Lucas Alves , Dutra Joyce da Cruz Ferraz , Sampaio Renata Rodrigues , Silva Israel José da
Published: June 2020

RESUMO O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar o desempenho de um sistema composto de reator anaeróbio compartimentado (RAC) seguido por filtro anaeróbio (FA), tratando águas residuárias de uma granja suinícola de pequeno porte. Foram analisados os parâmetros: pH, ácidos voláteis totais (AVT), demanda química de oxigênio total (DQOt), demanda química de oxigênio dissolvida (DQOdiss), demanda química de oxigênio devida aos sólidos suspensos (DQOSS), sólidos suspensos totais (SST), sólidos suspensos voláteis (SSV) e nitrogênio total kjeldhal (NTK). Os valores efluentes no RAC e no FA, de DQOt, SST e NTK, foram 6.633 e 4.361 mg.L-1, 2.418 e 595 mg.L-1 e 888 e 954 mg.L-1, respectivamente, para uma carga orgânica volumétrica (COV) de 7,01 kgDQO(m3.d)-1 no RAC e 28,3 kgDQO(m3.d)-1 no FA, e tempo de detenção hidráulico de 70,5 e 17,8 h no RAC e no FA, respectivamente. O sistema RAC seguido de FA mostrou eficiência de remoção média de 88,8% para DQOt e 80,5% de SST. Conclui-se que o sistema de tratamento anaeróbio, composto por RAC seguido de FA, foi eficiente na remoção de DQO e SST, possibilitando, nas condições operacionais impostas, alcançar valores médios de remoção acima de 80%, tornando-se uma ótima alternativa de tratamento de efluentes de suinocultura para granjas de pequeno porte.
Vitamin A and D deficiencies in the prognosis of respiratory tract infections: A systematic review with perspectives for COVID-19 and a critical analysis on supplementation
Authors: Andrade Maria Izabel Siqueira de , Macêdo Patrícia Fortes Cavalcanti de , Oliveira Tafnes Laís Pereira Santos de , Lima Niedja Maria da Silva , Ribeiro Isabella da Costa , Santos Thayná Menezes
Published: June 2020

OBJECTIVE: Considering the rapid spread of COVID-19, the scientific community has been looking for ways to recognize factors that may interfere with the outcome of viral infection. Despite the lack of studies with the new coronavirus, it is known that adequate serum levels of micronutrients are essential for the organic response to infectious diseases. Thus, we aim to review the effects of vitamin A, D, iron, zinc, or folate deficiency on the prognosis of patients with respiratory infections with manifestations similar to COVID-19 and discuss about supplementation of the nutrients analyzed in this review. METHODS: The search was conducted in the databases PubMed, Lilacs, and SciELO, including observational studies published between 2010-2020, with results for individuals with respiratory tract infections with manifestations similar to COVID-19. RESULTS: Six articles met the inclusion criteria, all of which were related to deficiencies of vitamins A and D. In general, vitamin A deficiency was associated with cough, fever, and greater total respiratory resistance. Regarding vitamin D, the lack of this nutrient led to higher rates of ICU admission, the need for mechanical ventilation, and mortality. Evidence linking specific relationships between nutritional deficiencies and COVID-19 remain lacking due to the small number of studies and heterogeneities in population subgroups. CONCLUSION: In conclusion, deficiencies of vitamins A and D seem to negatively affect the prognosis of respiratory tract infections. Supplementation of these nutrients for prevention or treatment of patients diagnosed with COVID-19 should respect serum levels, nutritional status and housing conditions (e.g.,endemic location) of individuals.
A Spherical Convolution Approach for Learning Long Term Viewport Prediction in 360 Immersive Video
Authors: Wu Chenglei , Zhang Ruixiao , Wang Zhi , Sun Lifeng
Published: June 2020

Viewport prediction for 360 video forecasts a viewer’s viewport when he/she watches a 360 video with a head-mounted display, which benefits many VR/AR applications such as 360 video streaming and mobile cloud VR. Existing studies based on planar convolutional neural network (CNN) suffer from the image distortion and split caused by the sphere-to-plane projection. In this paper, we start by proposing a spherical convolution based feature extraction network to distill spatial-temporal 360 information. We provide a solution for training such a network without a dedicated 360 image or video classification dataset. We differ with previous methods, which base their predictions on image pixel-level information, and propose a semantic content and preference based viewport prediction scheme. In this paper, we adopt a recurrent neural network (RNN) network to extract a user's personal preference of 360 video content from minutes of embedded viewing histories. We utilize this semantic preference as spatial attention to help network find the "interested'' regions on a future video. We further design a tailored mixture density network (MDN) based viewport prediction scheme, including viewport modeling, tailored loss function, etc, to improve efficiency and accuracy. Our extensive experiments demonstrate the rationality and performance of our method, which outperforms state-of-the-art methods, especially in long-term prediction.
Processing methods for optimising the mechanical strength of raw earth-based materials
Authors: Guihéneuf Simon , Rangeard Damien , Perrot Arnaud
Published: June 2020

In the last few years, raw earth construction has recovered much consideration due to its low environmental impact, local characteristics and recyclability. However, the strength of this material fluctuates in reality due to the variability of soils and the different methods used in vernacular earth construction. The aim of this study was to identify the mechanisms that increase the strength of this material. Optimisation of the processing method of raw earth blocks was sought in order to obtain better strength for different sorts of soils systematically. Soils were extracted from the same region, Brittany, France, in order to keep the local character of this material. The soils were mixed with water only or water and a dispersant (sodium hexametaphosphate or tannins). The rheological behaviour of each soil changed with different processing methods. Thus, the processing method and the use of dispersant can be efficient ways to enhance the mechanical properties of the selected soils. This study highlights that some of these methods could be used in the near future at a semi-industrial scale to produce a structural material that can achieve compliance with modern standards without hydraulic binders.
Evaluation of developed alkali-activated bricks for energy-efficient building construction
Authors: Gavali Hindavi R. , Ralegaonkar Rahul V.
Published: June 2020

Gradually, the temperature of the earth is increasing due to global warming, which has increased the operational energy demand in buildings. This energy usage can substantially be reduced using energy-efficient measures such as developing a thermally resistant building envelope. The building envelope mainly consists of walls, roof and floor, where walls play an important role in heat transfer that is a major contributor to operational energy demand. In this study, a walling material (alkali-activated bricks) was developed, where locally available industrial wastes (co-fired blended ash and stone dust (CBA-SD)) were activated by a sodium-based alkali activator and cured at an ambient temperature of around 37°C. The alkali-activated bricks were evaluated for mechanical-, physical-, thermal- and durability-related properties that are in accordance with Indian standards. The results showed that the developed alkali-activated bricks are lighter in weight and have lower thermal conductivity (0.35–0.4 W/(m K)) as compared to conventional fly-ash (FA) bricks (1.05 W/(m K)). A case of a residential building with varying building envelope and number of floors was simulated for analysing building performance using a computational approach. As compared to FA bricks, the CBA-SD brick model resulted in peak cooling load reduction by 49–51, 46–48 and 44–46% for single-, two- and three-storeyed buildings, respectively.
The Value of Cerebrospinal Fluid Polymerase Chain Reaction Test in the Diagnosis of Enteroviral Meningitis in Children
Authors: METİN Ozge , KAMAN Ayşe , UYSAL Celil , GÜNER Şükrü
Published: June 2020

Abstract:
Background: Non-polio enteroviruses (EVs) are emerged as the most common pathogens of aseptic meningitis in children. In this study we aimed to evaluate clinical, laboratory, cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) findings and the usefulness of CSF EV polymerase chain reaction on management of pediatric patients diagnosed as EV aseptic meningitis.
Material-methods:This study included the pediatric patients with aseptic meningitis between January 2014 and January 2016.
Results: A total of 23 patients (69.5% boys) diagnosed with EV aseptic meningitis with a median age of 57 months old (range; 1-168 months) were included. The most common months of the patients' admission to hospital were July and May. The most common clinical complaints were womiting (77.2%), fever (73.9%), headache (59%), neck stiffness (36.3%), seizure (22.7%) and altered consciousness (22.7%). CSF pleocytosis was observed in 16 (69.5%) patients and the median CSF white blood cell (WBC) count was 50 cells/mm3 ranged from 0 to 500 cells/mm3. It was found that, CSF cell count was significantly increased with age (p=0.02), whereas acute phase reactant levels and CSF biochemical components were statistically similar according to age (p>0.05). Median duration for hospitalization was 6 days (range: 1-28 days). Eight patients (34.7%) did not receive any antibiotics.
Conclusion: Absence of pleocytosis may be a diagnostic challange in very young infants with aseptic meningitis and CSF cell count significantly increases with age. By using rapid EV-PCR assays in the initial diagnosis of aseptic meningitis, the unnecessary usage of antibiotics in viral meningitis can be reduced and also the duration of hospitalization can be shortened.
“Si yo no tengo dinero, ¿para qué quieres mi herencia?”: la figura del mendigo en la poesía de Joaquín Pablo Posada
Authors: Molina Morales Guillermo
Published: June 2020

La figura popular del mendigo se define por su alegría, comicidad y autoexclusión social. En el siglo xix, surgió una nueva visión, de carácter realista, en torno a este personaje. El objetivo del presente artículo es rescatar la obra poética del colombiano Joaquín Pablo Posada, ya prácticamente olvidada, para estudiar cómo conforma la figura del mendigo en un tiempo de transición. Los resultados señalan la existencia de un imaginario híbrido (entre lo culto y lo popular) y de carácter joco-serio. Por un lado, se mantienen los rasgos tradicionales, que incluyen al mendigo dentro de la tendencia festiva; por otro lado, se introduce una denuncia moderna sobre los padecimientos físicos y morales del mendigo, lo que cuestiona el discurso de las élites burguesas, sin salirse de su esquema central. En las conclusiones, se compara la complejidad del personaje de Posada frente a otros sujetos poéticos construidos durante los siglos xix y xx, que suelen adherirse a una sola faceta (la tradicional o la moderna) de esta figura.
Agente crítico, democracia deliberativa y el acto de dar razones
Authors: Santibáñez Cristián
Published: June 2020

El objetivo de este trabajo es proponer un concepto de agente crítico que dialogue con una práctica democrática deliberativa, considerando qué significa el acto de dar razones. Para tal efecto, en este trabajo se discute, primero, qué significaría ser crítico o tender hacia la criticidad tanto autorreferente como hacia terceros. Esta sección está apoyada principalmente con ideas provenientes de la teoría de la argumentación y de la lógica informal. En segundo término, se aborda el concepto de democracia deliberativa a la luz de la sinergia conceptual que habría entre la participación -potencial- de un agente crítico en tal contexto sociopolítico. En esta sección se pasa revista a algunas de las ideas centrales de la teoría de la democracia deliberativa. Y en la tercera y última parte, se aborda el problema de dar y recibir razones discutiendo la propuesta semántica inferencialista de Brandom (2002, 2005) para observar de qué manera este acercamiento puede aportar a una teoría de la deliberación y a un concepto -y educación- de agente crítico. En las conclusiones se sintetizan las ideas principales y, además, se hace un contrapunto entre la noción de agencia, concepto que es importante en mi propuesta, y la noción de persona, concepto de especial valor en la teoría de la democracia deliberativa.
Endoxa, hypólepsis parádoxos y martyría en la teoría de la esclavitud de Aristóteles
Authors: Cárdenas Luz Gloria
Published: June 2020

En este artículo me ocupo inicialmente de la teoría de la esclavitud de Aristóteles en el libro i de la Política, con el fin de mostrar la utilización de dos procedimientos: uno dialéctico, a partir de la discusión con Platón, y otro retórico, con la utilización de metáforas y testimonios con los que configura el marco epistemológico de su teoría. Luego, me concentraré en un asunto por esclarecer: la diferencia ente los endoxa, la tesis (hypólepsis parádoxos) y el testimonio (martyría). Al describir el método dialéctico en los Tópicos, Aristóteles precisa el significado de los términos endoxa y tesis. Por su parte, en los libros i y ii de la Retórica, Aristóteles se ocupa del testimonio. Por consiguiente, identificaré estos dos tipos de procedimientos, los tipos de pruebas y las conclusiones en el libro i de la Política de Aristóteles, a partir de las características elaboradas en los Tópicos y en la Retórica.
Global Communication Competence: a Framework of Intercultural Skills Development in Sport and Tourism Higher Education
Authors: Lukianets Halyna , Lukianets Tetiana
Published: June 2020

Purpose. The research aims at multi-faceted study of global communication competence, which is a vital soft skill for professional development of students, acquiring their degrees in sport and tourism.

Materials and methods. Qualitative research methods applied in the research include theoretical analysis of relevant scientific findings, synthesis and modelling, pedagogical observation and evaluation. Quantitative analysis relates to questioning and data processing, in particular, 50-question Intercultural Quiz, conducted among 352 students of NUUPES and NUFT.

Results. The conducted research of global communication competence of the first and fifth year university sport and tourism students shows clear correlation between the level of education and gained global communication expertise, presented by the communicative skills of critical thinking and cooperation. The analysis of statistic data has proved that along with improved self-awareness, disciplines more than doubled students’ global communication competence within five academic years. In addition to quantitative improvement, the quality of the intercultural communication is enhanced, as essential professional skills are gained in the sphere of students’ future occupation. Professional orientation of global communication competence outlines sportive and medical inclination of NUUPES students’ higher education, and tourism and hospitality focus of NUFT students’ training.

Conclusions. The results of the study have proven that contemporary university students who get degrees in the fields of sport and tourism perceive culturally-bound information when attending their on-line and off-line academic courses and participating in various multicultural events in and outside university setting. In this way they acquire attitudes and values of self-awareness and recognition of ethnical diversity. Established values transform into production and result in implementation of culturally aware behaviour, represented by a high level of self-evaluation and persuasion abilities directed to effective, yet tolerant way of problem solving and shared responsibility.
Молодые врачи в городе и в селе: особенности профессиональной идентичности
Authors: Галкин Константин Александрович
Published: June 2020

Цитирование: Галкин К.А. (2020) Молодые врачи в городе и в селе: особенности профессиональной идентичности // Мир России. Т. 29. № 3. С. 142–161. DOI: 10.17323/1811-038X-2020-29-3-142-161

В статье представлены результаты исследования профессиональной идентичности молодых сельских и городских врачей. Медики как профессиональная группа имеют различные атрибуты профессиональной принадлежности: этические кодексы и стандарты, образовательную систему, одежду и сленг, ассоциации, ритуалы общения и иерархизированную структуру внутри самой профессии. В работе предпринята попытка взглянуть на профессиональную идентичность и врачебную профессию с точки зрения особенностей локаций, где практикуют медики, и представить их работу не с позиций функционалистского взгляда на работу врача или общности города или села, а как индивидуальное видение своей принадлежности к профессии (конструирования профессиональной идентичности). Как показало исследование, профессия медика – во многом городская профессия, и идентичность врача, конструируемая в городе, связана с возможностями быть участником профессиональных сообществ и профессиональной жизни. Сельская местность с  ее специфической социальной экологией и особой социальной тканью обусловливает проблемы, связанные с потерей демаркационной линии между профессиональной идентичностью и  идентичностью локальной. Это создает трудности в мотивации работы врачей и сложности в понимании индивидом своей профессиональной принадлежности. В  перспективе решение проблем видится в создании профессиональных сообществ молодых медиков в сельской местности и формировании пространств для маркирования профессиональной идентичности врачами в рамках досуговых практик в селе, а также в  специальной подготовке медиков к работе в селе и ее многозадачности.
В цепких объятиях прошлого
Authors: Смирнов Сергей Николаевич
Published: June 2020

Цитирование: Смирнов С.Н. (2020) В цепких объятиях прошлого // Мир России. Т. 29. № 3. С. 162–176. DOI: 10.17323/1811-038X-2020-29-3-162-176

Переосмысление содержания советского эксперимента, начавшегося в годы перестройки, не привело к желаемым результатам. Признание созданной в СССР в первые десятилетия советской власти экономической системы порочной, а политического режима – преступным оказалось невозможным для десятков миллионов граждан страны, которые по-прежнему верят в некогда могущественного вождя И.В. Сталина (Джугашвили), от настоящей фамилии которого образовано первое слово в названии книги Д.Б. Орешкина «Джугафилия и советский статистический эпос». Более того, любые попытки реформировать режим, последовавшие после 1953 г. и особенно после 1985 г., и сейчас многими рассматриваются как преступления, а проводники и лидеры реформ (Н.С. Хрущев, М.С.  Горбачев, Б.Н. Ельцин) – как государственные преступники, которые должны сесть на скамью подсудимых. Основной причиной такого неприятия является то, что виртуальная реальность, которая была создана в СССР на основе коммунистической идеологии с использованием различных инструментов, прежде всего статистических, стала оцениваться многими как подлинная, отказ от которой означает предательство. Образ жизни на основе этой виртуальной реальности начал восприниматься как единственно верный и справедливый. Для Д.Б. Орешкина анализ статистического обеспечения политического режима в СССР является важнейшим. Расхождения между планировавшимися показателями и реальными достижениями рассматриваются им на примерах железнодорожного строительства, коллективизации сельского хозяйства, прокладки каналов. В том случае, если цифры, предоставлявшиеся партийному руководству, противоречили идеологическим установкам, практиковалось физическое устранение неугодных (наиболее яркий пример – репрессии против организаторов переписи населения СССР в 1937 г.). Впрочем, провалы в экономической политике также связывались с деятельностью вредителей. И в  настоящее время восприятие прошлого страны сквозь призму агиографии рассматривается автором как тормоз развития современной России.
Family Orientation and Achievement Goal Orientations Among the Children of Immigrant and Non-Immigrant Families
Authors: Kim Jung-In , De Long Shauna P. A. , Gorelik Wendi , Penwell Kristen , Donovan Courtney , Chung Hyewon
Published: June 2020

The current study examined the role of family orientations on the achievement motivations (i.e., achievement goal orientations and intrinsic motivation) of high school youths of different generational status (i.e., from immigrant or non-immigrant families) when their perception of their parents’ goals and classroom goal structures were tested simultaneously as predictors. A total of 331 high school students (ninth grade; ages 13–16, with 96% of the students in the ages of 14 or 15; 141 boys and 187 girls) from one high school in the United States participated in the study, completing a series of assessments with regard to their math classes. The findings show the complex role of the family contexts (parent goals and family orientations) on the adaptive mastery goals for children of immigrant families, going beyond previous studies that reported the relationships between family orientation and performance-approach or less adaptive performance-avoidance goals. This study still found that students’ family orientations strongly predicted their desire to win over their peers with certain levels of internal pressure in order to meet their parents’ expectations, aligned with previous literature. Through examining a context beyond the classroom context, studies should continue to examine the larger family and cultural context in understanding students with diverse backgrounds.
Timofey Ivanovich Rainoff as a histprian of russian philosophy
Authors: Ilizarov S.S. , Kupriyanov V.A.
Published: June 2020

The essay deals with history of creation of the «Outlines of the history of Russian philosophy of the 50–60s» written by T.I. Rainov (1890–1958), a historian of natural science, literary scholar and a philosopher. The authors show specificity of T.I. Rainov’s methodology both against the background of the historiography of Russian philosophy and in the broader context of the historical-philosophical program proposed by the German classical idealism. It is indicated that the basis of the methodology of historical and philosophical works of the 19th – early 20th centuries, regardless of their national and scholarship, was the approach most clearly expressed in the Hegelian historical and philosophical concept. The essence of this research method involves either the complete elimination of the socio-psychological aspects of the history of thought, or it relates them to secondary, «background» elements of the historical development of philosophy. It is shown that T.I. Rainov’s essays on the history of Russian philosophy represent one of the first attempts to apply the idea of social conditioning of knowledge, anticipating the scientific program of modern sociology of scientific knowledge. It is revealed that the basis of the methodology of T.I. Rainov is the sociological doctrine of E. Durkheim, namely his concept of mechanical and organic solidarity, on the basis of which Rainov examines the social conditions that determined the specificity of the philosophy of the 1850-1860s shown by him. The comparison of Rainov’s interpretation of the philosophy of the period under consideration and similar approaches presented in the famous works of G.G. Shpeta, B.V. Yakovenko, E.L. Radlova and A.I. Vvedensky. An important part of the study is the reconstruction of T.I. Rainov before the revolution of 1917. On the basis of archival sources, the biographical context of the writing of the work is reconstructed and its dating is proposed. The study used the traditional tools of history and the history of philosophy: methods of archival search, historical reconstruction and hermeneutics of texts.
Effects of commonly used pesticides (demond, granland and safacol) on non-targeted organisms (wheat plant, soil nematodes, microfungi and aerobic mesophilic bacteria) in Muş Province, Turkey
Authors: KOÇ İbrahim , URGAN Emrullah , GÜVEN Ayşenur , ILIKHAN Birgül
Published: June 2020

Chemical drugs (pesticides) that are xenobiotic to the nature of agricultural agro-ecosystems affect the target organism and non-target factors. The efficiency and reliability of agricultural areas are important not only for living creatures in the environment but also for the community. This study was carried out to determine the effects of Demond EC 2.5 (insecticide), Granland DF (herbicide) and Safacol 70 WP (fungicide) pesticides, which are widely used in the agricultural areas of Muş, on the development of non-target wheat plant, free-living nematodes, microfungi, and aerobic mesophilic bacteria communities. The study was performed in three replicates in the variance analysis method for repeated measurements in laboratory conditions. Pesticides were applied by spraying to the pots including one kg of soil as recommended and upper doses, respectively, with the help of an injector. Repeated Measurement ANOVA and Profile Analysis Technique were used in the comparison of treatments in terms of nematode, bacteria and microfungi numbers (before-after), and the Analysis of Means (ANOM) Technique in comparing treatments in terms of plant parameters. As a result of the experiments; While the effect of only periods is important for the bacteria combination (P=0.001); for the microfungi community, both periods (P=0.004) and Period × Treatment interaction were found significant (P=0.050). Periodic × Treatment interaction was statistically significant for plant-parasitic, omnivore-predator, bacterivore and total nematodes respectively (P=0.002; P=0.004; P=0.001; P=0.000). As a result; the pesticides used had more or less positive effects on the microfungi community, while they had a negative effect on the bacteria community; According to trophic levels, soil nematodes and plant parameters were found to have a positive/negative effect. It is thought that pesticides should be used in the last resort and recommended dosage, without forgetting that the soil is complex and all living things share this environment.
SANAL SOSYAL DESTEK ÖLÇEĞİ’NİN TÜRK KÜLTÜRÜNE UYARLANMASI/ ADAPTATION OF ONLINE SOCIAL SUPPORT SCALE TO TURKISH CULTURE
Authors: Özdemir Serap , Kocaayan Fatma
Published: June 2020

Bu araştırmanın amacı Nick, Cole, Cho, Smith, Carter ve Zelkowitz (2018) tarafından geliştirilen Sanal Sosyal Destek Ölçeği’ni Türkçe’ye uyarlamak, geçerlik ve güvenirlik çalışmalarını yapmaktır. Araştırmada çalışma grubu olarak Akdeniz bölgesinde yer alan bir üniversitenin eğitim fakültesinde öğrenim gören 340 öğrenciyle (242 kız, 98 erkek) çalışılmıştır. Sanal Sosyal Destek Ölçeği’nin yapı geçerliğinin incelenmesi amacıyla doğrulayıcı faktör analizi uygulanmıştır. Elde edilen model uyum indeksleri ölçeğin kabul edilebilir düzeyde uyum verdiğini göstermektedir. Ölçeğin Cronbach Alfa iç tutarlılık güvenirlik katsayısı .96 olarak bulunmuştur. Ölçeğin orijinal yapıdaki gibi 40 maddeden ve “duygusal destek”, “sosyal arkadaşlık”, “bilgi desteği” ve “araçsal destek” olmak üzere dört alt boyuttan oluştuğu gözlenmiştir. Ölçüt bağıntılı geçerlik için yapılan analizlere göre ölçeğin sanal ortamdaki sosyallik ile pozitif yönde anlamlı ilişkiye (r=.62, p <.01), algılanan sosyal destek ile pozitif yönde anlamlı ancak düşük düzeyde bir ilişkiye (r=.18, p <.01) sahip olduğu görülmüştür. Ölçek için yapılan geçerlik güvenirlik analiz sonuçları ölçeğin geçerli ve güvenilir bir ölçme aracı olarak kullanılabileceğini göstermektedir.
Normative Bases and Conditions for Organization of Primary Prevention of Deviant Behavior of Children and Adolescents in Education System
Authors: Umnyashova I.B.
Published: June 2020

The article presents an overview of normative legal documents regulating the activities of teachers of the education system in the field of prevention and correction of deviant behavior of children and adolescents. The content of Federal law No. 120 regulating the organization of prevention of neglect and offenses in the Russian Federation is explained. The article describes the conditions for the arrangements of primary prevention of deviant behavior of children and adolescents in the education system: creation of an educational and nurturing environment of an educational organization; respect of the rights of minors; conducting socio-pedagogical and psychological diagnostics; organization of activity of psycho-pedagogical Council of the educational institution; interaction with territorial psychological-medical-pedagogical Commission and the center psychological-medical-social help; development of legal awareness of all subjects of educational system; the development of psycho-pedagogical competence of parents (legal representatives) of students; following the restorative justice and mediation practice in conflict situations.
Experimental Study of Formation of Police Officers' Personal Competence
Authors: Ulyanina O.A. , Levi M.V. , Teplova O.A.
Published: June 2020

Relevance: the article justifies the need for comprehensive psychological support of professional training of police officers in order to improve the quality of education and competence of law enforcement specialists. The purpose of the research is to test the developed Concept of psychological support for the formation of personal competence of police officers. Hypothesis of the study: after execution of the forming influence the level of formation of the components of personal competence and the degree of their integration increases as well as the success of professional activities during the first year of service. Sample: 1163 students of the Volgograd Academy of the Ministry of internal Affairs. Results: the efficiency of developing impacts within the framework of the Concept is confirmed at all stages of the experiment. Assessments of personal competence development are significantly related to the professional progress of University graduates assessed by experts. Expert assessments of the components of personal competence show high consistency with corresponding personal variables evaluated through self-reporting, both in a single-moment section and in dynamics. Conclusion: the implementation of the Concept shows the efficiency of psychological support measures for the formation of personal competence, the influence of their level of development on the results of professional activity is confirmed.
Relationship between representation and severity of Gilles de la Tourette syndrome and comorbidities
Authors: Sofronov Aleksandr G. , Zaytsev Dmitrij E. , Zaytsev Il’ya D. , Titov Nikolaj A.
Published: June 2020

Aim. To study representation and distribution of comorbidities, their relationship with clinical presentation and severity of Gilles de la Tourette syndrome, with age of onset of motor and vocal tics.

Methods. Were examined 58 children (44 boys, 14 girls) at the age of 11.070.52 years (418 years old) with observation period from 1 to 10 years with diagnosis of Gilles de la Tourette syndrome. All patients were examined by child psychiatrist, neurologist, child psychologist to clarify diagnosis and psychopathological comorbidities. Comorbidities were determined by clinical-psychopathological method and by standardized scales.

Results. In the course of the research there were identified the main comorbid disorders, their representation, prevalence and relationship with tic disorder. The results of the study allow us to conceptualize separately comorbid disorders and complex tic-like symptoms. According to the study, comorbid disorders tend to develop on their own, while a number of specific features tend to manifest themselves, increasing representation during the course of development of the main tic disorder.

Conclusion. Such specific features as self-injurious behaviors, non-obscene, socially inappropriate behaviors, coprophenomena, echophenomena; and paliphenomend are proposed to be called complex tic-like symptoms. In our opinion, we should differentiate and separately classify complex tic-like symptoms from mental comorbidities, that have their own development regardless of the course of tics in Gilles de la Tourette syndrome.
Developing the First Intensity Prediction Equation Based on the Environmental Scale Intensity: A Case Study from Strong Normal-Faulting Earthquakes in the Italian Apennines
Authors: Ferrario Maria Francesca , Livio Franz , Capizzano Stefano Serra , Michetti Alessandro M.
Published: June 2020

Earthquakes produce effects on the built and natural environment, the severity of which decays with distance from the epicenter. Empirical relations describing the intensity attenuation with distance are fundamental for seismic hazard assessment and for deriving parameters for preinstrumental events. Seismic intensity is usually assigned based on damage to buildings and infrastructures; this can be challenging for intensity degrees higher than X or when macroseismic fields of multiple events close in time are overlapping. A complementary approach is the study of earthquake environmental effects (EEEs), which are used to assign intensity on the environmental scale intensity (ESI) scale. However, a quantitative comparison between the ESI and traditional scales, and an equation describing the ESI attenuation with distance are still lacking. Here, we analyze 14 historical and instrumental events (time window 1688–2016) in the central and southern Apennines (Italy), comparing ESI and Mercalli–Cancani–Sieberg (MCS) intensities. Our results show that ESI consistently provides higher intensity near the epicenter and the attenuation is steeper than MCS. We derive the first intensity prediction equation for the ESI scale, which computes local intensity as a function of distance and epicentral intensity value. We document that, in the near field, the MCS attenuation for shallow crustal events occurred in the twenty-first century is steeper than previous events, whereas the ESI attenuation shows a consistent behavior through time. This result questions the reliability of current empirical relations for the investigation of future events. We recommend including EEEs in intensity assignments because they can guarantee consistency through time and help in evaluating the spatial and temporal evolution of damage progression during seismic sequences, thus ultimately improving seismic risk assessment.
Sepsis neonatal: aspectos fisiopatológicos y biomarcadores
Authors: Cortés José S , Fernández Cruz Laura X , Beltrán Zúñiga Emilce , Narváez Carlos F. , Fonseca-Becerra Carlos Eduardo
Published: June 2020

La sepsis neonatal es una causa importante de morbilidad y mortalidad en recién nacidos a nivel mundial. Su diagnóstico es difícil por sus manifestaciones clínicas inespecíficas y la poca disponibilidad de métodos diagnósticos eficientes. En la fisiopatología de la sepsis se ha descrito una respuesta inmune excesiva o suprimida que puede conducir a desenlaces potencialmente fatales. Se ha estudiado la utilidad pronóstica, diagnóstica y de seguimiento de factores solubles que se alteran en la sepsis neonatal y se han agrupado bajo el término biomarcadores de sepsis neonatal. Aquí se describen los principios fisiopatológicos de la sepsis neonatal y las características de los biomarcadores más usados para su diagnóstico, además, se mencionan detalles de otros marcadores que también han sido estudiados recientemente. Actualmente, se recomienda el uso de un biomarcador temprano en combinación con uno tardío para lograr un mejor rendimiento, sin embargo, aún no se ha identificado un biomarcador ideal para la sepsis neonatal. MÉD.UIS.2019;32(3):35-47
Air Pollution and its Effects on Autoimmune Diseases
Authors: Rezaeinia Salimeh , Ebrahimi Ali Asghar
Published: June 2020

This article is a Letter to the Editor and does not include an Abstract.
Spatial Distribution of Bedbug Infestation in Infested Houses: Is there an Association between Sanitation of Houses and Bedbug Presence?
Authors: Alizadeh Ismaeil , Jahanifard Elham , Sharififard Mona , Saki-Malehi Amal
Published: June 2020

Introduction: Nowadays, bedbug infestation is one of the public health problems around the world. The objective of this study was to evaluate the spatial distribution of bedbug in different parts of the infested houses. Moreover, the association between house sanitation and presence of bedbug infestation was determined in infested houses in Ahvaz City, Iran.
Materials and Methods: Totally, 57 bedbug-infested houses were visited door-to-door in Ahvaz City from April 2015 to April 2018. Data were collected by visual inspection. The spatial distribution of bedbug in different parts of the infested houses was assessed visually. Logistic regression was applied to assess the association between bedbug presence and house sanitation level.
Results: In the 57 infested houses, bed room and living room were the main infested parts in 74% and 26% of the houses, respectively. The highest infestation sources in houses were bedding as well as cracks and crevices with frequency rates of 58% and 18%, respectively. No significant correlation was observed between house sanitation and presence of infestation (χ2 = 3.5; df = 4; P = 0.522). In total, 56% of the residents reported high levels of bedbug infestation in their houses. Furthermore, 46% of the participants mentioned that their houses had recently been infested, but many residents did not know the exact time of first infestation in the house.
Conclusion: The present study confirms that bedbugs' infestations cannot be associated with house sanitation. Further research is needed to better understand the association between house situation and bedbug infestations.
Implementing the Strategic Environmental Management Approach to Dams and Hydroelectric Power Plants for Optimizing Environmental Pollution Control Processes in the Utilizing Phase Using NEURO SOLUTIONS Software (Case study: The Dams of Siah Bisheh in Maza
Authors: Maghsodlou Kamali Bizhan , Jafari Nodoushan Reza , Anoosheh Vida Sadat
Published: June 2020

Introduction: The purpose of the present applied research is to design a comprehensive, inclusive and flexible process for a suitable strategic planning based on effective factors and parameters.
Materials and Methods: To this end, strategic operational programs for controlling environmental pollutants were identified using the logic and algorithm applied in the artificial neural network model and Neuro Solutions software, prioritizing the weight of the programs and predicting the probable future ecosystem conditions. The Delphi approach was used to screen and perform pairwise comparisons of criteria factors, sub-criteria and strategic action plans. The SWOT matrix technique was implemented to control environmental pollutants. Then, in the fuzzy neural network, Neuro Solutions software was used to prioritize weighting and predicting future probable conditions to form the matrices of decision as entrance ANN model was used.
Results: The output of the implementation of the Neuro Solutions software shows that the strategic action plan has developed a comprehensive and integrated landscape system consistent with the nature of the forest, mountain and valley of the Siah Bisheh with a score of weighing 0.6161 in the first priority and last priority (12th rank) which are subject to periodic audits. The environment has been allocated to increase the ecosystem's ability to return in the face of natural and human hazards with an odd weight of 0.5673.
Conclusion: Based on this fact, among the studied indices, economic, social and cultural factors ranked first among the criteria studied, and tourism ranked first among the sub criteria of the study.
A Comparative Study on Mineral Contents of Soybean by Two Methods of Digestion Using ICP-OES Technique: A Risk Assessment Study
Authors: Khalili Narjes , Mohajeri Fateme , Askari Elaheh , Hashemi Seyedeh Saba , Banihashemi Farkhondeh , Sarrami Samira , Pourramezani Fatemeh , Khalili Sadrabad Elham
Published: June 2020

Introduction: In recent years, the contamination of food with heavy metals has received much attention. Plants can absorb metal pollutants through contaminated water, soil, and air.
Materials and Methods: In the current study, accumulation of minerals in three types of soybeans was investigated by wet and dry digestion methods using ICP-OES technique. Thereafter, the metals' health risk was assessed by estimated daily intake, toxic hazard quotient (THQ), and hazard index (HI) values.
Results: According to the results, the concentrations of Cr, Se, Ca, Fe, Mo, Mn, and Mg in soybean seeds were 0.034-170.88 mg/kg, 0.21-243.79 mg//kg, 2.50-33.37 mg/kg, 0.05-0.86 mg/kg, 0.071-203.57 mg/kg, 0-0.47 mg/kg, and 2.69-19.31 mg/kg, respectively. The ashing method had a better performance in determining Ca, Fe, Mo, Mn, and Mg concentrations than the wet digestion method. The THQ rates were below 1 for the three varieties of each mineral element, but the HI values of variety 2 and variety 3 were higher than 1 in both methods.
Conclusion: Furthermore, continuous monitoring of the soybeans' mineral and heavy metal contents seems necessary
The Relationship between Ambient Temperature and Positive Cases of COVID-19; A Case Study in Abarkouh and Qeshm Cities of Iran
Authors: Fallahzadeh Reza Ali , Ghadirian Davoud , Eshaghpanah Mohammad Sadegh , Shukohifar Marzieh , Mozafari Safiyeh , Targhibi Alireza , Omidi Fariborz
Published: June 2020

Introduction: The prevalence of infectious diseases varies depending on the type of micro-organism involved. Viral diseases can spread rapidly among communities, due to the specific characteristics of the virus. Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID 19) is a new member of the coronavirus family that has caused rapid epidemics and affected the health and economy of the countries. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between the ambient temperature and the positive cases of COVID 19.
Materials and Methods: In the present research, the relationship between the number of positive cases of COVID 19 and the ambient temperature was investigated in Abarkouh and Qeshm cities during a 49-day period. The collected data were analyzed by SPSS 16 software using descriptive statistics and correlation coefficient tests.
Results: The average ambient temperatures in the study period were 19.16 ± 3.45 and 25.79 ± 1.83 for Abarkouh and Qeshm cities, respectively. During this period, the positive cases in Abarkouh and Qeshm cities were 38 and 28 people, respectively. The results of correlation test revealed a negative correlation between the ambient temperature and the number of patients with COVID 19 (the correlation rates were -0.107 and -0.083 with p-values of 0.46 and 0.57 for Abarkouh and Qeshm, respectively).
Conclusion: Our results revealed that increase of air temperature was negatively correlated with the number of positive cases of COVID 19. It can be concluded that atmospheric temperature affects the virus outbreak. So, the rate of virus spread is expected to  be reduced.