bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Synthesis, Structure, Crystallization and Mechanical Properties of Isodimorphic PBS-ran-PCL Copolyesters
Authors: Safari Maryam , Otaegi Itziar , Aramburu Nora , Guerrica-Echevarria Gonzalo , de Ilarduya Antxon , Sardon Haritz , Müller Alejandro
Published: July 2021

Isodimorphic behavior is determined by partial inclusion of comonomer segments within the crystalline structure and arises from the comparatively similar repeating chain units of the parental homopolymers. Isodimorphic random copolymers are able to crystallize irrespective of their composition and exhibit a pseudo-eutectic behavior when their melting point values are plotted as a function of comonomer content. At the pseudo-eutectic point or region, two crystalline phases can coexist. On the right-hand and the left-hand side of the pseudo-eutectic point or region, only one single crystalline phase can form which is very similar to the crystalline structures of the parent homopolymers. This article aims to study the synthesis method, structure, crystallization behavior and mechanical properties of isodimorphic random PBS-ran-PCL copolyesters. Moreover, this study provides a comprehensive analysis of our main recent results on PBS-ran-PCL random copolyesters with three different molecular weights. The results show that the comonomer composition and crystallization conditions are the major factors responsible for the crystalline morphology, crystallization kinetics and mechanical performance of isodimorphic random copolyesters. Our studies demonstrate that in the pseudo-eutectic region, where both crystalline phases can coexist, the crystallization conditions determine the crystalline phase or phases of the copolymer. The relationships between the comonomer composition and mechanical properties are also addressed in this work.
UIO-66 as Nucleating Agent on the Crystallization Behavior and Properties of Poly(Ethylene Terephthalate)
Authors: Yin Yue , Wang Yuan , Meng Linghui
Published: July 2021

In this study, not only was the similar terephthalate structure between UIO-66 and PET utilized to improve compatibility, but the Zr4+ exposed by defects of UIO-66 was also utilized to improve the interaction between PET and UIO-66. Furthermore, PET nanocomposites with different contents of UIO-66 were also fabricated. Due to the high specific surface area and coordination of Zr4+, UIO-66 has high nucleation efficiency in the PET matrix. Compared with pure PET, the crystallization rate of PET/UIO-66 nanocomposite is significantly increased, and the crystallization temperature of PET-UIO66-1 is significantly increased from 194.3 °C to 211.6 °C. In addition, the tensile strength of nanocomposites has also been improved due to coordination.
Estimating the Accuracy of Mandible Anatomical Models Manufactured Using Material Extrusion Methods
Authors: Turek Paweł , Budzik Grzegorz
Published: July 2021

The development of new solutions in craniofacial surgery brings the need to increase the accuracy of 3D printing models. The accuracy of the manufactured models is most often verified using optical coordinate measuring systems. However, so far, no decision has been taken regarding which type of system would allow for a reliable estimation of the geometrical accuracy of the anatomical models. Three types of optical measurement systems (Atos III Triple Scan, articulated arm (MCA-II) with a laser head (MMD × 100), and Benchtop CT160Xi) were used to verify the accuracy of 12 polymer anatomical models of the left side of the mandible. The models were manufactured using fused deposition modeling (FDM), melted and extruded modeling (MEM), and fused filament fabrication (FFF) techniques. The obtained results indicate that the Atos III Triple Scan allows for the most accurate estimation of errors in model manufacturing. Using the FDM technique obtained the best accuracy in models manufactured (0.008 ± 0.118 mm for ABS0-M30 and 0.016 ± 0.178 mm for PC-10 material). A very similar value of the standard deviation of PLA and PET material was observed (about 0.180 mm). The worst results were observed in the MEM technique (0.012 mm ± 0.308 mm). The knowledge regarding the precisely evaluated errors in manufactured models within the mandibular area will help in the controlled preparation of templates regarding the expected accuracy of surgical operations.
Nanofiber-Mâché Hollow Ball Mimicking the Three-Dimensional Structure of a Cyst
Authors: Huang Wan-Ying , Hashimoto Norichika , Kitai Ryuhei , Suye Shin-ichiro , Fujita Satoshi
Published: July 2021

The occasional malignant transformation of intracranial epidermoid cysts into squamous cell carcinomas remains poorly understood; the development of an in vitro cyst model is urgently needed. For this purpose, we designed a hollow nanofiber sphere, the “nanofiber-mâché ball.” This hollow structure was fabricated by electrospinning nanofiber onto alginate hydrogel beads followed by dissolving the beads. A ball with approximately 230 mm3 inner volume provided a fibrous geometry mimicking the topography of the extracellular matrix. Two ducts located on opposite sides provided a route to exchange nutrients and waste. This resulted in a concentration gradient that induced oriented migration, in which seeded cells adhered randomly to the inner surface, formed a highly oriented structure, and then secreted a dense web of collagen fibrils. Circumferentially aligned fibers on the internal interface between the duct and hollow ball inhibited cells from migrating out of the interior, similar to a fish bottle trap. This structure helped to form an adepithelial layer on the inner surface. The novel nanofiber-mâché technique, using a millimeter-sized hollow fibrous scaffold, is excellently suited to investigating cyst physiology.
Pushing the Limits of Prenatal Ultrasound: A Case of Dorsal Dermal Sinus Associated with an Overt Arnold–Chiari Malformation and a 3q Duplication
Authors: Leroij Olivier , Van der Veeken Lennart , Blaumeiser Bettina , Janssens Katrien
Published: July 2021

We present a case of a fetus with cranial abnormalities typical of open spina bifida but with an intact spine shown on both ultrasound and fetal MRI. Expert ultrasound examination revealed a very small tract between the spine and the skin, and a postmortem examination confirmed the diagnosis of a dorsal dermal sinus. Genetic analysis found a mosaic 3q23q27 duplication in the form of a marker chromosome. This case emphasizes that meticulous prenatal ultrasound examination has the potential to diagnose even closed subtypes of neural tube defects. Furthermore, with cerebral anomalies suggesting a spina bifida, other imaging techniques together with genetic tests and measurement of alpha-fetoprotein in the amniotic fluid should be performed.
Effect of Geometrical Parameters on Extraction Efficiency of the Annular Centrifugal Contactor
Authors: Su Yigang , Tang Jianxin , Yang Xiaoxia , Wang Rijie
Published: July 2021

The geometrical parameters of annular centrifugal contactors (ACCs) have an important influence on the extraction efficiency. The present work used a home-made 25 mm ACC constructed by 3D printing to investigate the effect of five geometrical parameters on the extraction efficiency. These parameters are annular width (d), clearance height (Hc), rotor inlet diameter (Din), bottom vane number (N), and the bottom vane’s bending direction (S). Central composite design was employed to design the experiment, and the response surface methodology was used to analyze the data. The results show that Hc and Din were positive for efficiency, while d and N were negative. When the bottom vane’s bending direction was the same as the liquid helical flow direction, the efficiency improved compared to the straight vane. It is found that 3 mm d, 5 mm Hc, 6 mm Din, and four clockwise covered vanes are the parameters where the efficiency reached the highest point of 94.5%. We analyzed the interactions between the parameters based on the coefficients of the quadratic equation, and the interactions were not considered in previous studies. This work surprisingly reveals that the effects of the parameters on the extraction efficiency were not independent, and there were interactions between the parameters. The interaction between the rotor inlet diameter and annular width was significant and could not be ignored. These results could serve as a reference for optimizing extraction processes and the design of ACCs.
Commercial Limits to Personality: Instagram Influencers and Commoditized Content Receptivity
Authors: Horan Tyler
Published: July 2021

Social media influencers-individuals who utilize various forms of network power on social networks occupy a unique identity space. On the one hand, their network power is often tied to their social identity as creators of engaging material. On the other hand, their ability to promote commercial products and services steps outside the traditionally distinct commercial–social, occupational–personal divides. In this work, the network morphologies of influencers are explored in relation to their delivery of sponsored and non-sponsored content. This article explores how the disclosure of content as ‘sponsored’ affects audience reception. We show how that the promotion of content on social media often generates higher levels of engagement and receptiveness amongst their audience despite the platform’s assumption of organic non-commercial relationships. We find that engagement levels are highest among smaller out-degree networks. Additionally, we demonstrate that sponsored content not only returns a higher level of engagement, but that the effect of sponsorship is relatively consistent across out-degree network sizes. In sum, we suggest that social media audiences are not sensitive to commercial sponsorship when tied to identity, as long as that performance is convincing and consistent.
How Relative Age Effects Associate with Football Players’ Market Values: Indicators of Losing Talent and Wasting Money
Authors: Romann Michael , Javet Marie , Cobley Stephen , Born Dennis-Peter
Published: July 2021

Background: In football, annual age-group categorization leads to relative age effects (RAEs) in talent development. Given such trends, relative age may also associate with market values. This study analyzed the relationship between RAEs and market values of youth players. Methods: Age category, birthdate, and market values of 11,738 youth male football players were obtained from the “transfermarkt.de” database, which delivers a good proxy for real market values. RAEs were calculated using odds ratios (OR) with 95% confidence intervals (95%CI). Results: Significant RAEs were found across all age-groups (p < 0.05). The largest RAEs occurred in U18 players (Q1 [relatively older] v Q4 [relatively younger] OR = 3.1) ORs decreased with age category, i.e., U19 (2.7), U20 (2.6), U21 (2.4), U22 (2.2), and U23 (1.8). At U19s, Q1 players were associated with significantly higher market values than Q4 players. However, by U21, U22, and U23 RAEs were inversed, with correspondingly higher market values for Q4 players apparent. While large typical RAEs for all playing positions was observed in younger age categories (U18–U20), inversed RAEs were only evident for defenders (small-medium) and for strikers (medium-large) in U21–U23 (not goalkeepers and midfielders). Conclusions: Assuming an equal distribution of football talent exists across annual cohorts, results indicate the selection and market value of young professional players is dynamic. Findings suggest a potential biased selection, and undervaluing of Q4 players in younger age groups, as their representation and market value increased over time. By contrast, the changing representations and market values of Q1 players suggest initial overvaluing in performance and monetary terms. Therefore, this inefficient talent selection and the accompanying waste of money should be improved.
An Analysis of the Impact of Market Segmentation on Energy Efficiency: A Spatial Econometric Model Applied in China
Authors: Yi Liangjun , Zhang Wei , Liu Yuanxin , Zhang Weilin
Published: July 2021

China’s recent development has been nothing short of remarkable, but energy-saving, and environmental protection is still a serious problem. The improvement of energy efficiency (EE) is an important factor for China to better follow the path of energy conservation, sustainable development, and environmental protection. Meanwhile, market segmentation is a unique phenomenon in the process of China’s economic development. Hence, studying market segmentation on energy efficiency has positive significance for improving energy efficiency. The major objective of this study is to investigate the relationship between EE and market segmentation. This paper measures market segmentation by the Price-Based Approach, calculating EE by super slack-based measure (super-SBM), and integrated spatial Durbin model and geographically weighted regression model. Based on the panel data of 30 provinces in China from 1995 to 2018, this paper finds that: (1) Regional market segmentation has a significant negative effect on EE. Moreover, in terms of spatial effect, market segmentation has a positive spatial spillover on EE estimated by 0-1 matrix suggesting that market segmentation in the surrounding area has a positive impact on local EE. (2) The negative effect of Market segmentation on EE demonstrates the obvious regional difference: Eastern region > central region > western region. In addition, geographically weighted regression results show that the impact of market segmentation on EE shows that in regional spatial distribution, Shanghai, Jiangsu, Zhejiang, and Anhui have the strongest negative effect, second in Fujian, Jiangxi, Shandong, Henan, Hubei, Beijing, Tianjin, and Hebei. (3) This paper confirms that market segmentation can affect EE through local protectionism, technological difference, and scale effect. Finally, through the above research basis, put forward the corresponding policy suggestions.
Identification and Investigation of Subsidence Areas to Mitigate Karstic Risks in Urbanized Areas of Madrid, Spain: A Case Study
Authors: Sanz Pérez Eugenio , Sanz Riaguas Cesar
Published: July 2021

A multidisciplinary investigation was carried out in a karstic depression in a housing development under construction in Madrid to assess its stability. It was found that it is a small basin within a larger depression as a result of subsidence accumulated during the Quaternary. Subsidence has built up progressively in the Miocene clay cap and bedrock due to the underlying dissolution of gypsum rich intercalations. The preferential circulation of the dissolving subsurface flow is along a fault conditioned by subsidence, the formation of an elongated syncline along the fracture, and the alluvial basin. During the Pleistocene, a former lagoon zone was formed in this subsiding area; it was also a groundwater discharge zone. The decrease in recent times is very small and could be evaluated to be about 0.4 mm/year, and affects the alluvial zone and along the furrow of a fault zone, where the maximum average rate of subsidence would be 1.4 mm/year. This has led to the development of a relatively strong alluvium. It seems that under the alluvial deposits, a slow and diffuse dissolution is taking place of the shallower clayey gypsiferous levels, free of hypersoluble mineral species; this is somewhat more intense in the fault zone, which is more active hydrodynamically, where groundwater velocity is higher. Microgravimetry surveys indicate that only 5% of the area hidden under the alluvium shows anomalies, interpreted as residual soft clayey masses, or anomalous alluvial fillings of old dissolution voids. These pockets (“bolsones”), have dimensions of no more than 20 × 20 m and depths below 20 m. These measurements have been confirmed by boreholes and are the only points that would require special attention in the future construction of the urbanization. The urbanization work, in full development, is implementing solutions aimed at the stability of the road in the strips of alluvial studied.
Performance of Rolled Erosion Control Products (RECPs) as Bioswale Revetments
Authors: Coelho Arnaldo T. , Menezes Gustavo B. , de Brito Galvão Terezinha C. , Coelho Joaquim F. T.
Published: July 2021

Vegetated swales, or bioswales, are among the most commonly used type of green infrastructure (GI) for managing stormwater in temperate climate regions. However, performance data on bioswale drainage technology applied to highly weathered soils (low fertility, high acidity, and erosion prone) in tropical and subtropical climates are still limited. Aimed at closing this gap, this research investigated the performance—assessed in terms of vegetation biomass, biodiversity and coverage of swale, the structural integrity of revetments, and erosion control potential—and cost effectiveness of five rolled erosion control products (RECPs) currently available on the market, in combination with herbaceous vegetation as the revetment of drainage swales, in tropical soils. Additionally, the research project evaluated the performance of a new preseeded RECP, the Preseeded Reinforcement Mat, for drainage in areas that are difficult to access. The performances of all six RECPs were generally adequate as bioswale revetments in the conditions investigated, with performance index values ranging from 6 to 10 in a 0 to 10 scale. At the same time, some RECPs were more conducive to the growth of regional herbaceous vegetation species, measured in terms of biodiversity, which ranged from 2 to 14 species in the different bioswales, and some were more cost effective than others, with costs ranging from 19% to 106% of the cost of concrete lined swales.
How CEO Political Connections Induce Corporate Social Irresponsibility: An Empirical Study of Tax Avoidance in South Korea
Authors: Kim Ji-Hee , Lee Ji-Hwan
Published: July 2021

Building upon prior literature on the role of executives in tax payments, this study investigates the relationship between a CEO’s political connections and tax avoidance behavior as a typical type of social irresponsibility of a corporation. We propose that CEOs who are well connected to politicians through family, academic, and professional ties tend to adopt riskier strategic choices such as tax avoidance. We employ a multi-faceted method to quantify political connections in a more comprehensive and delicate way. Empirical results from 4,706 firm-year observations in South Korea between 2003 and 2014 provide support for our predictions. In addition, we test competing hypotheses on the moderating role of CEO tenure and find that such a tendency diminishes as the focal CEO stays in the position longer.
A Multidisciplinary Approach for the Assessment of Origin, Fate and Ecotoxicity of Metal(loid)s from Legacy Coal Mine Tailings
Authors: Gauthier-Manuel Honorine , Radola Diane , Choulet Flavien , Buatier Martine , Vauthier Raphaël , Morvan Tatiana , Chavanne Walter , Gimbert Frédéric
Published: July 2021

Over the course of history, the development of human societies implied the exploitation of mineral resources which generated huge amounts of mining wastes leading to substantial environmental contamination by various metal(loid)s. This is especially the case of coal mine tailings which, subjected to weathering reactions, produce acid mine drainage (AMD), a recurring ecological issue related to current and past mining activities. In this study, we aimed to determine the origin, the fate and the ecotoxicity of metal(loid)s leached from a historical coal tailing heap to the Beuveroux river (Franche-Comté, France) using a combination of mineralogical, chemical and biological approaches. In the constitutive materials of the tailings, we identified galena, tetrahedrite and bournonite as metal-rich minerals and their weathering has led to massive contamination of the water and suspended particles of the river bordering the heap. The ecotoxicity of the AMD has been assessed using Chironomus riparius larvae encaged in the field during a one-month biomonitoring campaign. The larvae showed lethal and sub-lethal (growth and emergence inhibition and delay) impairments at the AMD tributary and near downstream stations. Metal bioaccumulation and subcellular fractionation in the larvae tissues revealed a strong bioavailability of, notably, As, Pb and Tl explaining the observed biological responses. Thus, more than 70 years after the end of mining operations, the coal tailings remain a chronic source of contamination and environmental risks in AMD effluent receiving waters.
Biomonitoring of Mycotoxins in Plasma of Patients with Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s Disease
Authors: Arce-López Beatriz , Alvarez-Erviti Lydia , De Santis Barbara , Izco María , López-Calvo Silvia , Marzo-Sola Maria Eugenia , Debegnach Francesca , Lizarraga Elena , López de Cerain Adela , González-Peñas Elena , Vettorazzi Ariane
Published: July 2021

Exposure to environmental contaminants might play an important role in neurodegenerative disease pathogenesis, such as Parkinson´s disease (PD) and Alzheimer´s disease (AD). For the first time in Spain, the plasmatic levels of 19 mycotoxins from patients diagnosed with a neurodegenerative disease (44 PD and 24 AD) and from their healthy companions (25) from La Rioja region were analyzed. The studied mycotoxins were aflatoxins B1, B2, G1, G2 and M1, T-2 and HT-2, ochratoxins A (OTA) and B (OTB), zearalenone, sterigmatocystin (STER), nivalenol, deoxynivalenol, 3-acetyldeoxynivalenol, 15-acetyldeoxynivalenol, deepoxy-deoxynivalenol, neosolaniol, diacetoxyscirpenol and fusarenon-X. Samples were analyzed by LC-MS/MS before and after treatment with β-glucuronidase/arylsulfatase in order to detect potential metabolites. Only OTA, OTB and STER were detected in the samples. OTA was present before (77% of the samples) and after (89%) the enzymatic treatment, while OTB was only detectable before (13%). Statistically significant differences in OTA between healthy companions and patients were observed but the observed differences might seem more related to gender (OTA levels higher in men, p-value = 0.0014) than the disease itself. STER appeared only after enzymatic treatment (88%). Statistical analysis on STER, showed distributions always different between healthy controls and patients (patients’ group > controls, p-value < 0.0001). Surprisingly, STER levels weakly correlated positively with age in women (rho = 0.3384), while OTA correlation showed a decrease of levels with age especially in the men with PD (rho = −0.4643).
The Casimir Effect in Topological Matter
Authors: Lu Bing-Sui
Published: July 2021

We give an overview of the work done during the past ten years on the Casimir interaction in electronic topological materials, our focus being solids, which possess surface or bulk electronic band structures with nontrivial topologies, which can be evinced through optical properties that are characterizable in terms of nonzero topological invariants. The examples we review are three-dimensional magnetic topological insulators, two-dimensional Chern insulators, graphene monolayers exhibiting the relativistic quantum Hall effect, and time reversal symmetry-broken Weyl semimetals, which are fascinating systems in the context of Casimir physics. Firstly, this is for the reason that they possess electromagnetic properties characterizable by axial vectors (because of time reversal symmetry breaking), and, depending on the mutual orientation of a pair of such axial vectors, two systems can experience a repulsive Casimir–Lifshitz force, even though they may be dielectrically identical. Secondly, the repulsion thus generated is potentially robust against weak disorder, as such repulsion is associated with the Hall conductivity that is topologically protected in the zero-frequency limit. Finally, the far-field low-temperature behavior of the Casimir force of such systems can provide signatures of topological quantization.
s-Processing in Asymptotic Giant Branch Stars in the Light of Revised Neutron-Capture Cross Sections
Authors: Vescovi Diego , Reifarth René
Published: July 2021

Current AGB stellar models provide an adequate description of the s-process nucleosynthesis that occurs. Nonetheless, they still suffer from many uncertainties related to the modeling of the 13C pocket formation and the adopted nuclear reaction rates. For many important s-process isotopes, a best set of neutron-capture cross sections was recently re-evaluated. Using stellar models prescribing that the 13C pocket is a by-product of magnetic-buoyancy-induced mixing phenomena, s-process calculations were carried out with this database. Significant effects are found for a few s-only and branching point isotopes, pointing out the need for improved neutron-capture cross section measurements at low energy.
Emerging Phage Resistance in Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAO1 Is Accompanied by an Enhanced Heterogeneity and Reduced Virulence
Authors: Markwitz Pawel , Olszak Tomasz , Gula Grzegorz , Kowalska Magdalena , Arabski Michal , Drulis-Kawa Zuzanna
Published: July 2021

Bacterial surface structures of a proteinic nature and glycoconjugates contribute to biofilm formation and provide shields to host defense mechanisms (e.g., the complement system and phagocytosis). A loss or alteration of these molecules, leading to phage resistance, could result in fewer virulent bacteria. In this study, we evaluate the biology and phenotype changes in Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAO1 phage-resistant clones, which emerge in phage-treated biofilms. We characterize these clones for phage-typing patterns, antibiotic resistance, biofilm formation, pathogenicity, and interactions with the innate immune system. Another important question that we address is whether phage-resistant mutants are also generated incidentally, despite the phage treatment-selective pressure, as the natural adaptation of the living biofilm population. It is found that the application of different phages targeting a particular receptor selects similar phage resistance patterns. Nevertheless, this results in a dramatic increase in the population heterogeneity, giving over a dozen phage-typing patterns, compared to one of the untreated PAO1 sessile forms. We also confirm the hypothesis that “phage-resistant bacteria are more susceptible to antibiotics and host-clearance mechanisms by the immune system”. These findings support phage application in therapy, although the overall statement that phage treatment selects the less virulent bacterial population should be further verified using a bigger collection of clinical strains.
Binding of Nanoparticles Harboring Recombinant Large Surface Protein of Hepatitis B Virus to Scavenger Receptor Class B Type 1
Authors: Hinuma Shuji , Fujita Kazuyo , Kuroda Shun’ichi
Published: July 2021

(1) Background: As nanoparticles containing the hepatitis B virus (HBV) large (L) surface protein produced in yeast are expected to be useful as a carrier for targeting hepatocytes, they are also referred to as bio-nanocapsules (BNCs). However, a definitive cell membrane receptor for BNC binding has not yet been identified. (2) Methods: By utilizing fluorescence-labeled BNCs, we examined BNC binding to the scavenger receptor class B type 1 (SR-B1) expressed in HEK293T cells. (3) Results: Analyses employing SR-B1 siRNA and expression of SR-B1 fused with a green fluorescent protein (SR-B1-GFP) indicated that BNCs bind to SR-B1. As mutagenesis induced in the SR-B1 extracellular domain abrogates or attenuates BNC binding and endocytosis via SR-B1 in HEK293T cells, it was suggested that the ligand-binding site of SR-B1 is similar or close among high-density lipoprotein (HDL), silica, liposomes, and BNCs. On the other hand, L protein was suggested to attenuate an interaction between phospholipids and SR-B1. (4) Conclusions: SR-B1 can function as a receptor for binding and endocytosis of BNCs in HEK293T cells. Being expressed various types of cells, it is suggested that functions as a receptor for BNCs not only in HEK293T cells but also in other types of cells.
Functional Cure of Hepatitis B Virus Infection in Individuals With HIV-Coinfection: A Literature Review
Authors: Boyd Anders , Dezanet Lorenza N. C. , Lacombe Karine
Published: July 2021

In individuals infected with hepatitis B virus (HBV), the loss of hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) is the ultimate therapeutic goal, which defines “functional cure.” For individuals living with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), functional cure occurs roughly 2 per 100 person-years during potent anti-HBV containing antiretroviral therapy. Although this rate may be higher than expected in treated HBV mono-infected individuals, rates of functional cure widely vary between studies (0.6–10.5 per 100 person-years). Similar to HBV mono-infection, the phase of HBV infection, HBV (sub-)genotypes and hepatitis B “e” Ag-negative variants are associated with functional cure in treated HIV-HBV co-infection. In specifically HIV-HBV co-infected individuals, strong increases in CD4+ T cell counts after treatment initiation have also been linked to functional cure, yet this finding is inconsistent across studies. Several markers directly or indirectly reflecting HBV activity are being developed to predict functional cure, such as quantification of HBsAg, hepatitis B core-related antigen, HBsAg protein composition, anti-hepatitis B core antibodies and interferon-gamma-inducible protein 10. Few have been assessed during treatment in HIV-HBV co-infected individuals and none have been validated to predict functional cure. Novel therapeutics for HBV cure are essential for individuals with HIV-HBV co-infection and need to be separately evaluated in this population.
Sensor Networks for Structures Health Monitoring: Placement, Implementations, and Challenges—A Review
Authors: Mustapha Samir , Lu Ye , Ng Ching-Tai , Malinowski Pawel
Published: July 2021

The development of structural health monitoring (SHM) systems and their integration in actual structures has become a necessity as it can provide a robust and low-cost solution for monitoring the structural integrity of and the ability to predict the remaining life of structures. In this review, we aim at focusing on one of the important issues of SHM, the design, and implementation of sensor networks. Location and number of sensors, in any SHM system, are of high importance as they impact the system integration, system performance, and accuracy of assessment, as well as the total cost. Hence we are interested in shedding the light on the sensor networks as an essential component of SHM systems. The review discusses several important parameters including design and optimization of sensor networks, development of academic and commercial solutions, powering of sensors, data communication, data transmission, and analytics. Finally, we presented some successful case studies including the challenges and limitations associated with the sensor networks.
Enhancement of Solar Water Desalination Using Copper and Aluminum Oxide Nanoparticles
Authors: Hamdan Mohammad A. , Al Momani Anas M. , Ayadi Osama , Sakhrieh Ahmad H. , Manzano-Agugliaro Francisco
Published: July 2021

In this research, two identical solar stills were designed and constructed to investigate the effect of adding copper and aluminum oxide nanoparticles on the quantity of water produced by solar desalination. The two solar stills were installed side by side, and measurements were recorded simultaneously from both stills. The nanoparticles were added to one still, each at one time but with different concentrations, while the other contained only water. Data acquisition and a weather station were used to record the glass, water, and ambient temperatures in addition to the hourly solar radiation. It was found that the addition of nanoparticles increases the amount of condensate. The most efficient concentrations were found to be 0.4% of Al2O3 and 0.6% of CuO. At these concentrations, an increase in the efficiency of the still equals 7.8%, and 9.62% was recorded. Furthermore, it was found that CuO has a more pronounced effect on the condensate than Al2O3 at all concentrations except at 0.4% concentration.
O USO DE PLANTAS MEDICINAIS POR FAMÍLIAS RURAIS
Authors: Schek Gabriele , Mix Paulo Roberto , Kochhann Daniele Rita Assmann
Published: July 2021

Introdução: A utilização de plantas medicinais para o cuidado em saúde é uma prática milenar e seu emprego por famílias que vivem na zona rural é bastante expressiva. Objetivo: analisar o uso de plantas medicinais no cuidado à saúde por famílias rurais. Método: estudo realizado com 20 famílias que vivem na zona rural da região Noroeste do Rio Grande do Sul. Os dados foram coletados por meio de entrevista semiestruturada seguido da construção de uma planilha para o levantamento etnobôtanico. As plantas medicinais mais citadas receberam sua identificação taxonômica e os efeitos terapêuticos atribuídos pelas famílias foram comparados a literatura científica. Resultados: foram citadas 70 espécies de plantas medicinais, destas cinco merecem destaque por serem utilizadas frente a processos inflamatórios, problemas digestivos, gripes, resfriados e quadros de ansiedade. Conclusão: as indicações terapêuticas das plantas medicinais atribuídas pelas famílias entrevistadas são convergentes com os dados encontrados na literatura.
PROBIÓTICOS, PREBIÓTICOS E SIMBIÓTICOS PARA O TRATAMENTO DE CONSTIPAÇÃO EM IDOSOS
Authors: Fernandes Andréia Silva , Rodrigues Sidimara Dos Santos , Souza Marilia Graziela Alves de
Published: July 2021

Introdução: Diante das consequências advindas da velhice, é frequente o aparecimento de doenças relacionadas ao trato gastrointestinal uma vez que a capacidade fisiológica do idoso diminui, comprometendo a digestão, ocorrendo à constipação intestinal. Objetivo: A presente revisão propôs investigar o uso de probióticos, prebióticos e simbióticos a fim de verificar qual é a recomendação ideal para idosos na melhora do hábito intestinal. Material e Método: Utilizou-se o método de revisão bibliográfica de trabalhos científicos, sem limite temporal, pesquisados nas bases de dados: Livros, Revistas Científicas, CAPES, PubMed, Scielo e BVS, utilizando os descritores: probióticos, prebióticos, alimentos funcionais, simbióticos nos seguintes idiomas: inglês, espanhol e português. Resultados: Alguns processos como má alimentação e ingestão de determinados fármacos podem causar disbiose, a utilização de probióticos resulta em proliferação de bactérias desejáveis no cólon contribuindo para melhora no quadro. Conclusão: Probióticos, Prebióticos e Simbióticos trazem melhorias para o quadro de constipação em idosos.
VIETNAM-CHINA RELATIONS IN 1975-1978: APPROACHED FROM THE PERSPECTIVE OF DISPUTES AND CONFLICTS
Authors: Van Quyet Luu , Anh Nguyet Nguyen Thi
Published: July 2021

Due to geographical factors as well as many different subjective and objective ones, the relations between Vietnam and China have an important position with direct influence and multi-dimensional impact on the development of Vietnam. Historical facts show that whenever Vietnam handles bilateral and multilateral relations with China well, it will create a favorable international environment and ensure security and peace for the development of the country. Since the official establishment of diplomatic relations between the two countries (1949) to 1975, mutual support and assistance have always been at the core. Logically speaking, after 1975, the traditional relations between the two countries should have been further strengthened and developed. However, after the Vietnam War (1975) and under the impact of many subjective and objective factors, increasingly serious conflicts arose in the Vietnam - China relations, leading to the termination of diplomatic relations between the two countries in 1978. Of which there are three major disputes regarding the issues of Chinese-Vietnamese people; Democratic Kampuchea; and the East Sea and terrestrial border.
The Eurasian Economic Union: on the «Strategy-2025» and on the transport and logistics component of the document`s issues
Authors: Komov M. S.
Published: July 2021

The article briefly describes the content of the new conceptual and programmatic perspective document of the Eurasian Economic Union (EAEU) –«Strategic directions for the development of the Eurasian economic integration until 2025» («Strategy-2025»). The transport and logistics component of the document`s problems is commented on in more detail. In the course of these comments, proposals are substantiated to modify the legal framework of the EAEU in the aspect of strengthening the institutional regulation of transport integration of the participating countries on the basis of expanding the functional powers of regulators (subjects of the unified interstate regulatory system), including the Eurasian Economic Commission (EAEC) and its departments.
Економіка та організація торгівлі
Authors: Балджи М. Д. , Однолько В. О.
Published: July 2021

Навчальний посібник з дисципліни «Економіка та організація торгівлі» призначений для ефективного засвоєння програмного матеріалу та самостійної роботи студентів. У посібнику розглядаються теоретико-методологічні та практичні положення з організації торгівлі та її економічні аспекти. Зміст посібника спрямований на формування у студентів сучасного наукового світогляду і системи глибоких спеціальних знань про особливості організації торгових процесів та економіки торгівлі, а також вироблення вмінь і навичок їх використання у практичній діяльності. Для студентів вищих навчальних закладів спеціальності 076 «Підприємництво, торгівля та біржова діяльність».
HALAL LABEL: IS IT IMPORTANT IN DETERMINING BUYING INTEREST?
Authors:   Sekolah Tinggi Pariwisata Trisakti, Mustika Inong Amalia , Hendradewi Savitri , Ratnaningtyas Heny
Published: July 2021

Abstract: The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of the halal label on Korean noodle food on the buying interest of adolescent consumers. The population in this study were teenagers in the city of Jakarta. The number of samples that were successfully processed were 100 teenagers as respondents using random sampling method. This research uses simple regression analysis analysis. Data collection techniques by distributing questionnaires to 100 adolescent respondents in Jakarta. The test results in this study found that the halal label on Korean noodle food had a significant effect on the buying interest of teenage consumers. Halal labels are the basis for purchasing decisions for teenage consumers to fulfill religious beliefs, with the presence of halal labels on Korean noodle foods, it can be ensured that the food consumed is of good quality and good for health, which pays attention to the ingredients. The implication of this research is for business people to consider adding halal labels to their products, especially if they are marketed in countries with a majority Muslim population. Abstrak: Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh label halal pada makanan mie Korea terhadap minat beli konsumen remaja. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah remaja di kota Jakarta. Jumlah sampel yang berhasil diolah adalah 100 remaja sebagai responden dengan menggunakan metode random sampling. Penelitian ini menggunakan analisis analisis regresi sederhana. Teknik pengumpulan data dengan menyebarkan kuesioner kepada 100 responden remaja di Jakarta. Hasil pengujian dalam penelitian ini menemukan bahwa label halal pada makanan mie Korea berpengaruh signifikan terhadap minat beli konsumen remaja. Label halal menjadi dasar keputusan pembelian konsumen remaja untuk memenuhi keyakinan agama, dengan adanya label halal pada makanan mie korea dapat dipastikan makanan yang dikonsumsi berkualitas baik dan baik untuk kesehatan, yang memperhatikan kandungan bahannya. Implikasi penelitian ini adalah bagi para pelaku bisnis harus mempertimbangkan penambahan label halal pada produknya, khususnya jika dipasarkan di negara yang mayoritas berpenduduk muslim.
KEUNGGULAN KOMPETITIF MELALUI PEMASARAN KEWIRAUSAHAAN DAN ORIENTASI KEWIRAUSAHAAN USAHA MIKRO KECIL MENENGAH
Authors:   Universitas Pembangunan Nasional Veteran Jakarta, Suharyati Suharyati , Ediwarman Ediwarman , Nobelson Nobelson
Published: July 2021

Abstrak: Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kuantitatif yang bertujuan untuk menguji pengaruh pemasaran kewirausahaan dan orientasi kewirausahaan terhadap keunggulan kompetitif. Jumlah populasi dalam penelitian ini sebesar 351 pelaku UMKM. Sampel dipilih menggunakan purposive sampling method. Sampel berjumlah sebesar 100 pelaku UMKM di desa Kanekes, Kecamatan Leuwidamar, Lebak. Penelitian ini menggunakan alat analisis partial least square (PLS) dalam analisis inferensial. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa variabel pemasaran kewirausahaan dan orientasi kewirausahaan berpengaruh positif terhadap keunggulan kompetitif. Hasil penelitian ini bermanfaat sebagai bahan masukan bagi pemegang kebijakan mengenai strategi pengembangan keunggulan kompetitif UMKM, dan diharapkan pula dinas terkait dikabupaten Lebak agar menerima hasil penelitian sebagai bahan informasi dalam pengambilan kebijakan guna merumuskan program pembinaan bagi UMKM. Abstract: This study is a quantitative study that aims to examine the effect of entrepreneurial marketing and entrepreneurial orientation on competitive advantage. The total population in this study was 351 MSME actors. The sample was selected using purposive sampling method. The sample is 100 SMEs in Kanekes village, Leuwidamar district, Lebak. This study uses a partial least square (PLS) analysis tool in inferential analysis. The results of this study indicate that the variables of entrepreneurial marketing and entrepreneurial orientation have a positive effect on competitive advantage. The results of this study are useful as input for policy holders regarding the development of a competitive advantage strategy for SMEs, and it is also hoped that the relevant agencies in Lebak Regency will accept the results of the research as information material in policy making in order to formulate a coaching program for SMEs.
INTERACTION BETWEEN FINANCIAL SECTOR DEVELOPMENT AND MICROFINANCE INSTITUTION (MFIs) PERFORMANCE IN SOUTHEAST ASIA
Authors:   Universitas Pancasila, Nisa Chaerani , Ichwani Tia , Arief Sutoyo Nurwidhi
Published: July 2021

Abstract: This study aims to examine the effect of financial sector development on the financial and social performance of MFIs. This research is a quantitative research. The population is all MFIs listed on MixMarket. This study uses purposive sampling with MFI criteria that have complete data needed from 1999 to 2019. This study uses panel data because it uses MFIs from nine countries but in different years. Data collected using data from MixMarket with a research period between 1999 and 2019. The results show that the revival of the financial sector has a negative impact on the independence of MFIs. On the other hand, progress in the financial sector also has a negative impact on MFIs for the poor. This condition indicates that there is competition between the two, as developments in the financial sector have a negative impact on the MFI's ability to generate higher incomes. The implication of this finding is that policy makers are more careful in determining the operational reach of the traditional financial sector and MFIs. Abstrak: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji pengaruh pengembangan sektor keuangan terhadap kinerja keuangan dan sosial LKM. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian kuantitatif. Populasinya adalah semua LKM yang terdaftar di MixMarket. Penelitian ini menggunakan purposive sampling dengan kriteria LKM yang memiliki kelengkapan data yang dibutuhkan dari tahun 1999 hingga 2019. Penelitian ini menggunakan data panel yang karena menggunakan LKM dari sembilan negara tetapi berbeda tahun. Data penelitian dikumpulkan dengan menggunakan data dari MixMarket dengan periode penelitian antara 1999 hingga 2019. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kebangkitan sektor keuangan berdampak negatif terhadap independensi LKM. Di sisi lain, kemajuan sektor keuangan juga berdampak negatif pada jangkauan LKM kepada masyarakat miskin. Kondisi ini menunjukkan adanya persaingan di antara keduanya, karena perkembangan sektor keuangan berdampak negatif pada kemampuan LKM untuk menghasilkan pendapatan yang lebih tinggi. Implikasi dari temuan ini adalah pembuat kebijakan lebih berhati-hati dalam menentukan jangkauan operasional sektor keuangan tradisional dan LKM.
THE INFLUENCE OF PRODUCT QUALITY, PERCEIVED VALUE, PRICE FAIRNESS, EWOM, AND SATISFACTION TOWARDS REPURCHASE INTENTION AT XING FU TANG
Authors:   President University, Nugraha Rendika , Dharmawan Wiguna Lhoekspardi
Published: July 2021

Abstract: The purpose of this study is to find out the influence of product quality, perceived value, price fairness, Electronic Word of Mouth (EWOM) and satisfaction towards repurchase intention at Xing Fu Tang. This study uses quantitative method with 7-point Likert-scale with 1 represent strongly disagree and 7 represent strongly agree. Questionnaires were spread online and collected 303 sample size using purposive sampling method. The respondents are people who had tasted Xing Fu Tang and lived in Greater Jakarta, Indonesia. The findings indicate that product quality, perceived value, price fairness, and EWOM positively influence satisfaction and satisfaction positively influence repurchase intention, while EWOM does not influence repurchase intention. This study’s dimensions are adapted from various previous study and come from various countries and industries to create new finding in food beverage industry mainly bubble drink seller especially Xing Fu Tang. The findings suggest that Xing Fu Tang pay more attention to the product quality. Abstrak: Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh kualitas produk, nilai yang dirasakan, kewajaran harga, Electronic Word of Mouth (EWOM) dan kepuasan terhadap niat beli ulang pada Xing Fu Tang. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kuantitatif dengan skala Likert 7 poin dengan 1 mewakili sangat tidak setuju dan 7 mewakili sangat setuju. Kuesioner disebarkan secara online dan dikumpulkan sebanyak 303 sampel dengan metode purposive sampling. Respondennya adalah orang-orang yang pernah mencicipi Xing Fu Tang dan tinggal di Jabodetabek, Indonesia. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kualitas produk, nilai yang dirasakan, kewajaran harga, dan EWOM berpengaruh positif terhadap kepuasan dan kepuasan secara positif mempengaruhi niat pembelian ulang, sedangkan EWOM tidak mempengaruhi niat pembelian ulang. Dimensi penelitian ini diadaptasi dari berbagai penelitian sebelumnya dan berasal dari berbagai negara dan industri untuk menciptakan temuan baru dalam industri makanan minuman terutama penjual bubble drink khususnya Xing Fu Tang. Temuan menunjukkan bahwa Xing Fu Tang lebih memperhatikan kualitas produk.