bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
CONTRAST AS THE SEMANTIC CORE OF THE STRESSED PARTICLES PARADIGM IN THE GERMAN LANGUAGE
Authors:   Moscow State Linguistic University, Averina Anna
Published: August 2024

The article analyses stressed particles in the German language, which are understood as grammaticalized units expressing the communicative contrast category within one or more sentences. Their inclusion in the system of grammatical phenomena confirms compliance with the criteria of grammaticalization: reduced weight of linguistic entities, manifested in their monosyllabic nature; close interconnection of linguistic elements, evident in their fixed position in sentence structure; and lack of variability, whereby one stressed particle cannot be replaced by another. As members of the paradigm, stressed particles serve a common grammatical function by expressing contrast. They exhibit similar formal properties, reflected in their syntactic behaviour, and represent a closed word class with oppositional relations within it. Moreover, they are obligatory phenomena: it has been demonstrated through various methods that omitting stressed particles results in a loss of contrast value, while their displacement or substitution violates grammatical correctness. The expression of the communicative category of contrast is schematically presented through three information-structural models of sentences.
Usulan Mitigasi Risiko Menggunakan Metode House of Risk (HOR) pada Divisi Produksi UMKM Odelia Hijab
Authors: Armala Salsabilla Putri , Yunita Nugrahaini Safrudin  , Hadi Susanto
Published: August 2024

UMKM Odelia Hijab merupakan salah satu industri fashion berlokasi di Kabupaten Sumedang, Jawa Barat yang berfokus pada produksi hijab dengan berbagai macam variasi dan warna. Selama melakukan bisnis, tentu perusahaan ini juga mengalami potensi risiko yang menimbulkan permasalahan, salah satunya di bagian produksi. Dalam kurun waktu enam bulan terakhir, hasil produk pada UMKM Odelia Hijab telah melebihi batas cacat produk pada sasaran mutu yaitu 10% pada kain dan 6% pada produk serta kurang dari target produksi sebanyak 1500 pcs per hari. Pada permasalahan yang terjadi, diketahui bahwa UMKM Odelia Hijab belum mengetahui penyebab utama risiko kejadian risiko tersebut terjadi dan belum menentukan tindakan penanganan yang tepat. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah pembuatan perancangan strategi mitigasi risiko yang berisikan perbaikan solusi dengan menggunakan metode House of Risk (HOR). Pada tahapan identifikasi risiko, didapatkan 16 kejadian risiko dan 13 penyebab risiko pada divisi produksi di UMKM Odelia Hijab. Metode ini dilakukan dengan menggunakan dua fase. Fase 1 pada metode HOR bertujuan untuk membantu menentukan penyebab risiko yang diprioritaskan melalui kuesioner dan wawancara. Hasil yang didapatkan pada fase HOR 1 adalah terpilih tiga prioritas penyebab risiko. Fase 2 pada metode HOR bertujuan untuk menentukan prioritas dari strategi mitigasi risiko berdasarkan perhitungan fase 1. Selanjutnya, hasil yang didapatkan pada fase HOR 2 adalah diusulkan 10 mitigasi risiko dan didapatkan satu strategi mitigasi risiko terpilih.
Perancangan Proses Bisnis Untuk Mengurangi Waste Overproduction dengan Metode Business Process Improvement pada Proses Produksi Konveksi di PT. XYZ
Authors: Ananda Okky
Published: August 2024

PT XYZ is a company engaged in the field of convection. There is a problem related to the excess of the actual production amount of 899 with a production request of 732 which indicates the occurrence of waste overproduction. This research aims to minimize waste overproduction in the production process caused by poor demand management and the process of recording the amount of production every day by workers is done manually so it is necessary to design related records in the information category. Problem solving is done by improving business processes using the Business Process Improvement method. The results of this improvement obtained a proposed business process by making improvements to the initial business process. The process of making google spreadsheet as a recording media is done using the waterfall method. The results of the google spreadsheet design can display the number of requests, cut results, and remaining products continuously so that the recording process can be done more accurately and the collected data will be safely stored in the system so that it can minimize the occurrence of overproduction
Pengaruh Struktur Modal, Profitabilitas dan Likuiditas Terhadap Nilai Perusahaan pada Sektor Kesehatan di Bursa Efek Indonesia Tahun 2019-2023
Authors: Siti Alifa Avi Fitri
Published: August 2024

The purpose of this study is to determine the influence of capital structure, profitability, and liquidity on the value of companies in the health sector on the Indonesia Stock Exchange for the period of 2019-2023. The method used in this study is quantitative. The population in this study is 33 companies, the sampling technique used in this study is non-probability sampling with the purposive sampling method, the sample in this study is 29 companies. The data used in this study is secondary data. The analysis method used in this study is multiple linear regression analysis, using SPSS version 26. Capital structure partially has no effect on company value, Profitability and liquidity have a partial effect on company value and capital structure, profitability and liquidity simultaneously have a significant effect on company value in health sector companies on the Indonesia Stock Exchange in 2019-2023. The magnitude of the influence of capital structure, profitability and liquidity on the value of this company is 49.6% and 50.4% influenced by variables outside this study.
Strategi Komunikasi Pemasaran Radio Sergai FM dalam Mempertahankan Eksistensinya di Era Digital
Authors: Maytrisa Windy , Alfikri Matondang Muhammad
Published: August 2024

Radio sebagai media konvensional masih memiliki peran penting di era digital dalam menyebarkan informasi dan hiburan kepada masyarakat. Radio Sergai FM merupakan salah satu Lembaga Penyiaran Publik Lokal (LPPL) yang dikelola oleh Pemerintah Daerah Kabupaten Serdang Bedagai. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis strategi komunikasi pemasaran yang diterapkan Radio Sergai FM dalam mempertahankan eksistensinya di era digital. Menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif deskriptif dengan metode pengumpulan data melalui wawancara, observasi, dan dokumentasi. Temuan penelitian menunjukkan Radio Sergai FM menerapkan strategi komunikasi pemasaran seperti personal selling, public relations, direct marketing, dan interactive marketing melalui media sosial. Radio ini juga menyajikan konten yang bervariasi, hadir di berbagai platform digital, serta melakukan segmentasi audiens berdasarkan faktor geografis, demografis dan psikografis untuk mendekati pendengar. Penelitian ini memanfaatkan teori ekologi media Dimmick dan Rothenbuhler sebagai landasan konseptual.
Convulsão febril: primeiros socorros no atendimento pré-hospitalar
Authors: Farias Wanderson Santos de , Silva Uanderson Pereira da , Silva Jose Augusto Ferreira da , Jankowitsch Jhonata , Lopes Gabriel César Dias
Published: August 2024

Introdução: A crise febril é descrita como: a ocorrência de uma convulsão acompanhada de febre superior a 38°C, sem evidência de infecção do sistema nervoso central ou histórico de crises convulsivas não febris, em crianças com idades entre 6 meses e 5 anos. Objetivo: O objetivo do estudo foi descrever os primeiros socorros em convulsão febril no âmbito pré-hospitalar. Método: Trata-se de uma revisão integrativa. Resultados: A prestação de primeiros socorros por leigos inicia no processo de identificar a crise convulsiva, solicitar ajuda por meio de serviço móvel de urgência ou conduzir ao serviço de saúde de forma segura.  Conclusões: A convulsão na infância deve ser estudada cada vez mais a respeito da abordagem e condução durante a crise a literatura aponta que não tem uma causa bem definitiva sobre o processo fisiopatológico.
Contribuições da farmacovigilância para o uso racional de medicamentos fitoterápicos na Atenção Primária à Saúde no Brasil
Authors: Souza Bruno Rocha de , Samuel Bensson V.
Published: August 2024

Introdução: A farmacovigilância, que se ocupa da identificação, avaliação e prevenção de eventos adversos associados ao uso de medicamentos, desempenha um papel fundamental na garantia da segurança dos fitoterápicos na Atenção Primária de Saúde (APS).  No entanto, a popularidade dos fitoterápicos não isenta sua utilização dos riscos de reações adversas e interações medicamentosas, que podem comprometer a segurança dos pacientes. Objetivo: compreender o papel da farmacovigilância no contexto da atenção primária no Brasil, além de compreender seu campo de atuação, quando se trata no fornecimento dos medicamentos fitoterápicos aos usuários da atenção primária de saúde. Método: o estudo trata-se de uma revisão de literatura, com abordagem qualitativa e exploratória, sem recorte temporal, consultadas nas bases de dados do Google Acadêmico, Biblioteca Digital Brasileira de Teses e Dissertações (BDTD), SciELO (Scientific Electronic Library Online) e periódicos da CAPES. Resultados: Os resultados indicam que, embora haja progresso na regulamentação e no monitoramento dos fitoterápicos, a capacitação contínua dos profissionais de saúde e a melhoria na integração dos sistemas de notificação são de fato essenciais. Farmacovigilância é essencial não apenas para detectar e prevenir reações adversas, mas também para promover uma prática clínica mais segura e baseada em evidências. Conclusão:  A farmacovigilância se revela uma ferramenta indispensável para a segurança e eficácia dos fitoterápicos na APS, contribuindo para a qualidade dos cuidados e a proteção da saúde pública no Brasil.
A Política Nacional de Economia Solidária no ciclo de planejamento orçamentário (2004-2019) : da inserção na agenda à crise de paradigma
Authors: Kuyven Patrícia Sorgatto , Gaiger Luiz Inácio , Silva Sandro Pereira
Published: August 2024

Analisa a trajetória orçamentária (processo de planejamento e execução) e as condicionalidades operacionais de implementação da Política de Economia Solidária no governo federal.
The Silent Storm: Understanding Hypertension
Authors: Mirza Maliha , Hameda Nishath Syeda , Umaira Saeed Fatima
Published: August 2024

Hypertension, commonly known as high blood pressure, is a chronic condition characterized by persistently elevated pressure within the blood vessels. Defined as blood pressure consistently exceeding 140/90 mmHg, hypertension poses a significant global health threat, affecting hundreds of millions worldwide. The exact cause of hypertension remains complex, a combination of genetic predisposition, environmental factors and lifestyle choices contribute to its development. Age, weight, diet, alcohol consumption, and lack of physical activity are well established risk factors. Development of Hypertension causes end-organ damage.Early diagnosis through regular BP monitoring is essential. Treatment strategies involve lifestyle modification alongside pharmacological treatment in more severe cases. Untreated or poorly controlled hypertension can lead to a cascade of serious complications, including heart attack, stroke, kidney failure. According to JNC- 8, ACC guidelines pharmacological therapy is very effective in maintaining hypertension. These include ACE-i, ARBs, Diuretics, Calcium channel blockers,and Beta-blockers. The global prevalence of hypertension is alarming, with the number of affected individuals projected to rise further in the coming decades. Addressing this public health crisis requires a multi-pronged approach, focusing on public awareness, early diagnosis, effective treatment, and promoting healthy lifestyle choices. Research efforts should continue to unravel the complex mechanisms underlying hypertension and develop novel therapeutic strategies for improved prevention and management.
Sign Language Detection Using Machine Learning
Authors: Misal Sahilee , Gaikwad Ujwala
Published: August 2024

This paper investigates the application of machine learning for sign language detection. The objective is to develop a model that translates sign language into spoken language, bridging the communication gap between deaf and hearing individuals. You Only Look Once (YOLO), a deep learning object detection algorithm, is employed to train a model on a dataset of labeled sign language images derived from video data. The system achieves real-time sign detection in videos. However, challenges include the scarcity of large, labeled datasets and the inherent ambiguity of certain signs, which can lead to reduced detection accuracy. This research contributes to the field of Assistive Technologies (AT) by promoting accessibility and social inclusion for the deaf community.
A Comprehensive Review of Nasoalveolar Molding: From Origins to Future Advances
Authors: E.S Karthika , Thimmaiah Manjula , V Madhusudhan , . Shailaja , Kumar D Chethan , Handique Swadhinata
Published: August 2024

Globally, the most prevalent birth malformations is cleft palate and cleft lip, etiology of cleft is multifactorial and occurrence is as a result of inaccurate tissue fusion. The treatment objective in these patients include restoration of normal anatomy to obtain desired skeletal, cartilaginous and soft tissue relationship. To minimize the severity of cleft before surgery of cleft lip and palate, a nonsurgical methods such as Nasoalveolar molding (NAM) can be used to reshape and align the lip, nostrils, and gingiva. There are various techniques available for Nasoalveolar molding which will be summarized in this article.
Text Summarization in the Shona Language using Natural Language Processing
Authors: Sithabisiwe Manokore Anita , Gondo Monica
Published: August 2024

The rise of digital information in many languages, including Shona, highlights the significance of developing effective text summarizing techniques to promote information accessibility and usability. This work fills a major gap in the natural language processing (NLP) for the Shona language, which is widely spoken in Zimbabwe and its surrounding areas but has received little attention. The lack of pre-trained language models specifically designed for Shona, the intricacy of Shona's morphology, and the scarcity of annotated datasets provide the main obstacles to Shona text summarization.[1] The goal of this research is to create and modify contemporary machine learning methods for efficient Shona text summarizing in order to address these issues. By gathering and analyzing texts from a variety of sources, such as news stories, scholarly papers, and social media, we produced large annotated corpora. These datasets were utilized to fine-tune existing NLP models, such as Transformer-based architectures, ensuring they account for Shona’s specific language traits. To address the morphological and syntactic complexities of Shona, our solution combines statistical and rule-based techniques. When compared to baseline methods, the results show a significant improvement in the relevancy and accuracy of Shona text summaries. In addition to serving as a starting point for further NLP research in underrepresented languages, the generated models help Shona-speaking people in the areas of business, education, and media. By encouraging inclusivity and linguistic variety, showcasing the possibility for cross- lingual breakthroughs, and emphasizing the ethical development of technology, this research adds to the larger area of NLP.
Application of Hydroponic Systems and Women's Empowerment in Food Security Efforts
Authors: Agustin Grisvia , Mukhlis Imam
Published: August 2024

Jongbiru Village is one of the villages supported by the State University of Malang which has potential natural resources and human resources that need to be developed optimally to increase village food security. Food security is an effort to eliminate hunger (zero hunger) which is one of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). Currently, hydroponic vegetable plantations have been initiated under the technical guidance of BUMDES Jongbiru Village and Mitra Rotasi Institute. However, BUMDES still faces many obstacles in implementing hydroponics. Therefore, the service team from FEB UM will hold hydroponic vegetable training based on a circular economy that minimizes waste by involving students. It is hoped that after participating in the training and FGD, the participation of residents (especially women) and BUMDES as well as Rotation Institute partners supported by the FEB UM service team will be maximized so that hydroponic vegetable plantations can strengthen the food security of Jongbiru village and its surroundings. This community partnership service focuses on a number of trainings with potential relevance, including the introduction of a circular economy, as well as optimizing BUMDES and the role of women.
Kriminogén rizikófaktorok az önmérgező serdülők szuicid szándékának alakulásában – Hipotézisek felvetése pszichiátriai konzíliumi munka alapján
Authors: Fliegauf Gergely , Várnai Eszter Dóra
Published: August 2024

Aim: Adolescents frequently encounter normative crises that are neither deviant nor pathologically rooted, yet professionals and daily caregivers may sometimes perceive them as such. Deliberate self-poisoning, a prevalent form of suicidal behaviour in adolescents, often coexists with indicators of deviant developmental patterns and family backgrounds suggestive of potential future criminal lifestyles. This study aims to scrutinise the validity of this assumption.
Methodology: Employing document analysis, they examined handwritten consultation records and subjected the extracted data to statistical chi-square tests.
Findings: The study encompassed 109 cases (88 girls, 21 boys). While criminogenic risk factors were identified in the adolescents’ lives, the majority showed no direct association with suicidal intent or ideation. Exceptions included school drop-out, domestic violence, and bullying, associating with suicidal intent, and bullying alone linked to suicidal ideation. Both intent and ideation were more prevalent among girls.
Value: They findings indicate that deliberate self-harm and criminogenic risk factors are largely disconnected. Thus, they emphasise that attributing deviant family backgrounds and future career prospects to adolescents’ self-poisoning is misleading. Professionals within a child’s environment must refrain from such labelling in their daily communication.
Identification of geological units in Alborz Mountain in Iran using Landsat-9 image
Authors: Rokni Komeil , Akbari Davood
Published: August 2024

In the present study, the suitability of principal components analysis (PCA) based techniques was evaluated for identification of geological units from Landsat-9 satellite imagery. In this respect, a scene of Landsat-9 operational land imager 2 (OLI–2) data of the year 2023 was acquired and a geological map scale 1:100000 of the study area was used as the reference. The results indicated suitability of the PCA based techniques for discrimination of geological units from Landsat-9 image, especially the PCA of decorrelation stretch (DS) approach. The PCA-DS approach, which considered the advantages of both PCA and DS techniques, successfully identified all the geological units in the study area, including the Basalt, Sandstone, Dolomite, and Conglomerate. However, the performance of the PCA and DS techniques was also reasonable for this purpose. On the other hand, the study revealed weak performance of the minimum noise fraction (MNF) and PCA-MNF techniques for geological mapping using Landsat-9 imagery. In conclusion, the study demonstrated the advantage of the PCA-DS approach for geological mapping using Landsat-9 imagery; therefore, it may be useful in futures studies for geological mapping along the whole Alborz Mountain with similar lithological and geomorphological conditions.
Exploring the Origin of Ultralong Gamma-Ray Bursts: Lessons from GRB 221009A
Authors: Ror Amit Kumar , Gupta Rahul , Aryan Amar , Pandey Shashi Bhushan , Oates S. R. , Castro-Tirado A. J. , Kumar Sudhir
Published: August 2024

The brightest gamma-ray burst (GRB) ever, GRB 221009A, displays ultralong GRB (ULGRB) characteristics, with a prompt emission duration exceeding 1000 s. To constrain the origin and central engine of this unique burst, we analyze its prompt and afterglow characteristics and compare them to the established set of similar GRBs. To achieve this, we statistically examine a nearly complete sample of Swift-detected GRBs with measured redshifts. We categorize the sample to bronze, silver, and gold by fitting a Gaussian function to the log-normal of T
90 duration distribution and considering three subsamples respectively to 1, 2, and 3 times of the standard deviation to the mean value. GRB 221009A falls into the gold subsample. Our analysis of prompt emission and afterglow characteristics aims to identify trends between the three burst groups. Notably, the gold subsample (a higher likelihood of being ULGRB candidates) suggests a collapsar scenario with a hyperaccreting black hole as a potential central engine, while a few GRBs (GRB 060218, GRB 091024A, and GRB 100316D) in our gold subsample favor a magnetar. Late-time near-IR observations from 3.6 m Devasthal Optical Telescope rule out the presence of any bright supernova associated with GRB 221009A in the gold subsample. To further constrain the physical properties of ULGRB progenitors, we employ the tool MESA to simulate the evolution of low-metallicity massive stars with different initial rotations. The outcomes suggest that rotating (Ω ≥ 0.2 Ωc) massive stars could potentially be the progenitors of ULGRBs within the considered parameters and initial inputs to MESA.
The Implications of ‘Oumuamua on Panspermia
Authors: Cao David , Plavchan Peter , Summers Michael
Published: August 2024

Panspermia is the hypothesis that life originated on Earth from the bombardment of foreign interstellar ejecta harboring polyextremophile microorganisms. Since the 2017 discovery of the interstellar body ‘Oumuamua (1I/2017 U1) by the Pan-STARRS telescope, various studies have reexamined panspermia based on updated number density models that accommodate for ‘Oumuamua’s properties. By utilizing ‘Oumuamua’s properties as an anchor, we estimate the mass and number density of ejecta in the interstellar medium (ρm[units of kg au−3] andρn[units of au−3]). We build upon prior work by first accounting for the minimum ejecta size to shield microbes from supernova radiation. Second, we estimate the total number of impact eventsCnon Earth after its formation and prior to the emergence of life (≈0.8 Gyr). We derive a conditional probability relation for the likelihood of panspermia for Earth specifically of <10−5, given a number of factors includingfB, the fraction of ejecta harboring extremophiles and other factors that are poorly constrained. However, we find that panspermia is a plausible potential life-seeding mechanism for (optimistically) potentially up to ∼105of the ∼109Earth-sized habitable zone worlds in our Galaxy.
X-Ray Spectral and Temporal Properties of LMXB 4U 1608-52—Observed with AstroSat and NICER
Authors: Bhattacherjee Sree , Nath Ankur , Sarkar Biplob , Beri Aru , Chattopadhyay Suchismito , Bhulla Yashpal , Misra Ranjeev
Published: August 2024

We report results from a detailed study of the neutron star X-ray binary, 4U 1608-52, using observations with AstroSat (Large Area X-ray Proportional Counter/Soft X-ray Telescope) and the Neutron Star Interior Composition Explorer during its 2016 and 2020 outbursts. The 0.7–20.0 keV spectra could be well described with the disk blackbody and thermal Comptonization model. The best-fitting inner disk temperature is ∼1 keV and radius ∼

22.17

−
2.38

+
2.57

–27.19

−
1.85

+
2.03

km and no significant evolution was observed in the disk radius after performing flux and time-resolved spectroscopy. We used a multi-Lorentzian approach to fit the power density spectra and obtained broadband noise variability. We estimated the energy-dependent fractional rms and time lag of the broadband noise, and these variations are quantitatively modeled as being due to the coherent variation of the disk emission and the coronal heating rate. Thus, the rapid temporal modeling is consistent with the longer-term spectral evolution where the inner disk radius does not vary, and instead, the variations can be attributed to accretion rate variations that change the inner disk temperature and the coronal heating rate.
Magnetohydrodynamic Modeling of Background Solar Wind near Mars: Comparison with MAVEN and Tianwen-1
Authors: Zhang Hanke , Shen Fang , Yang Yi , Chi Yutian , Shen Chenglong , Tao Xinyi
Published: August 2024

Combined with data assimilation methods, a three-dimensional magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) numerical model is an effective tool to explore the mechanism of space weather. As a driver of space weather, the dynamic development of stream interaction regions (SIRs) near the orbit of Mars is an area of active research. In this study, we use the interplanetary total variation diminishing (TVD) MHD model to simulate solar wind parameters and model SIRs near Mars from 2021 November 15 to 2021 December 31. In this model, the MHD equations are solved by the conservation TVD Lax–Friedrichs scheme in a rotating spherical coordinate system with six component meshes used on the spherical shell. Solar wind velocity, density, temperature, and magnetic field strength are given at the inner boundary due to the characteristic waves propagating outward. We compared modeled results with observations from Mars Atmospheric Volatile EvolutioN (MAVEN) and Tianwen-1 (China’s first Mars exploration mission). Statistical analysis shows that the simulated results can capture SIRs and are in good agreement with observations; moreover, the assimilated results based on the Kalman filter improve the accuracy of numerical prediction compared with simulated results. This paper is the first attempt to simulate SIR events combined with MAVEN and Tianwen-1 in situ observations. Our work demonstrates that using the MHD model with the Kalman filter to reconstruct solar wind parameters can help us study the characteristics of SIRs near Mars, improve the capabilities of space weather forecasting, and understand the background solar wind environment.
Testing General Relativity with Juno at Jupiter
Authors: Durante Daniele , Cappuccio P. , di Stefano I. , Zannoni M. , Gomez Casajus L. , Lari G. , Falletta M. , Buccino D. R. , Iess L. , Park R. S. , Bolton S. J.
Published: August 2024

The Juno spacecraft has been orbiting Jupiter since 2016 July to deepen our comprehension of the solar system by studying the gas giant. The radio science experiment enables the determination of Jupiter’s gravitational field, thus shedding light on its interior structure. The experiment relies on determining the orbit of the spacecraft during its pericenter passages. Previous gravity data analyses assumed the correctness of the general theory of relativity, which was used for trajectory integration and radio signal propagation modeling. In this work, we aim to test general relativity within the unique context of a spacecraft orbiting Jupiter, by employing the parameterized post-Newtonian (PPN) formalism, an established framework for comparing various gravitational theories. Within this framework, we focus our attention toward the PPN parameters γ and β, which offer insights into the curvature of spacetime and the nonlinearity of gravitational effects, respectively. Additionally, we extend our investigation to the Lense–Thirring effect, which models the dragging of spacetime induced by a rotating mass. By measuring the relativistic frequency shift on Doppler observables caused by Jupiter during Juno’s perijove passes, we estimate γ = 1 + (1.5 ± 4.9) × 10−3, consistent with the general theory of relativity. Our estimated γ is primarily influenced by its effect on light-time computation, with a negligible contribution from spacecraft dynamics. Furthermore, we also present a modest level of accuracy for the β parameter, reflecting the minimal dynamical perturbation on Juno from general relativity. This also applies to the Lense–Thirring effect, whose signal is too small to be confidently resolved.
Scaling of Ion Bulk Heating in Magnetic Reconnection Outflows for the High-Alfvén-speed and Low-β Regime in Earth’s Magnetotail
Authors: Øieroset M. , Phan T. D. , Drake J. F. , Starkey M. , Fuselier S. A. , Cohen I. J. , Haggerty C. C. , Shay M. A. , Oka M. , Gershman D. J. , Maheshwari K. , Burch J. L. , Torbert R. B. , Strangeway R. J.
Published: August 2024

We survey 20 reconnection outflow events observed by Magnetospheric MultiScale in the low-β and high-Alfvén-speed regime of the Earth’s magnetotail to investigate the scaling of ion bulk heating produced by reconnection. The range of inflow Alfvén speeds (800–4000 km s−1) and inflow ion β (0.002–1) covered by this study is in a plasma regime that could be applicable to the solar corona and flare environments. We find that the observed ion heating increases with increasing inflow (upstream) Alfvén speed, V
A, based on the reconnecting magnetic field and the upstream plasma density. However, ion heating does not increase linearly as a function of available magnetic energy per particle,

m

i

V

A

2

. Instead, the heating increases progressively less as

m

i

V

A

2

rises. This is in contrast to a previous study using the same data set, which found that electron heating in this high-Alfvén-speed and low-β regime scales linearly with

m

i

V

A

2

, with a scaling factor nearly identical to that found for the low-V
A and high-β magnetopause. Consequently, the ion-to-electron heating ratio in reconnection exhausts decreases with increasing upstream V
A, suggesting that the energy partition between ions and electrons in reconnection exhausts could be a function of the available magnetic energy per particle. Finally, we find that the observed difference in ion and electron heating scaling may be consistent with the predicted effects of a trapping potential in the exhaust, which enhances electron heating, but reduces ion heating.
A Potential Second Shutoff from AT2018fyk: An Updated Orbital Ephemeris of the Surviving Star under the Repeating Partial Tidal Disruption Event Paradigm
Authors: Pasham Dheeraj , Coughlin E. R. , Guolo M. , Wevers T. , Nixon C. J. , Hinkle Jason T. , Bandopadhyay A.
Published: August 2024

The tidal disruption event (TDE) AT2018fyk showed a rapid dimming event 500 days after discovery, followed by a rebrightening roughly 700 days later. It has been hypothesized that this behavior results from a repeating partial TDE (rpTDE), such that prompt dimmings/shutoffs are coincident with the return of the star to pericenter and rebrightenings generated by the renewed supply of tidally stripped debris. This model predicted that the emission should shut off again around August of 2023. We report AT2018fyk’s continued X-ray and UV monitoring, which shows an X-ray (UV) drop-in flux by a factor of 10 (5) over a span of two months, starting 2023 August 14. This sudden change can be interpreted as the second emission shutoff, which (1) strengthens the rpTDE scenario for AT2018fyk, (2) allows us to constrain the orbital period to a more precise value of 1306 ± 47 days, and (3) establishes that X-ray and UV/optical emission track the fallback rate onto this supermassive black hole—an often-made assumption that otherwise lacks observational verification—and therefore, the UV/optical lightcurve is powered predominantly by processes tied to X-rays. The second cutoff implies that another rebrightening should happen between 2025 May and August, and if the star survived the second encounter, a third shutoff is predicted to occur between 2027 January and July. Finally, low-level accretion from the less-bound debris tail (which is completely unbound/does not contribute to accretion in a nonrepeating TDE) can result in a faint X-ray plateau that could be detectable until the next rebrightening.
Corvus A: A Low-mass, Isolated Galaxy at 3.5 Mpc
Authors: Jones Michael G. , Sand David J. , Mutlu-Pakdil Burçin , Fielder Catherine E. , Crnojević Denija , Bennet Paul , Spekkens Kristine , Donnerstein Richard , Doliva-Dolinsky Amandine , Karunakaran Ananthan , Strader Jay , Zaritsky Dennis
Published: August 2024

We report the discovery of Corvus A, a low-mass, gas-rich galaxy at a distance of approximately 3.5 Mpc, identified in DR10 of the Dark Energy Camera Legacy Imaging Survey during the initial phase of our ongoing SEmi-Automated Machine LEarning Search for Semi-resolved galaxies (SEAMLESS). Jansky Very Large Array observations of Corvus A detect H i line emission at a radial velocity of 523 ± 2 km s−1. Magellan/Megacam imaging reveals an irregular and complex stellar population with both young and old stars. We detect UV emission in Neil Gehrels Swift observations, indicative of recent star formation. However, there are no signs of H ii regions in Hα imaging from Steward Observatory’s Kuiper telescope. Based on the Megacam color–magnitude diagram we measure the distance to Corvus A via the tip of the red giant branch standard candle as 3.48 ± 0.24 Mpc. This makes Corvus A remarkably isolated, with no known galaxy within ∼1 Mpc. Based on this distance, we estimate the H i and stellar mass of Corvus A to be

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, respectively. Although there are some signs of rotation, the H i distribution of Corvus A appears to be close to face on, analogous to that of Leo T, and we therefore do not attempt to infer a dynamical mass from its H i line width. Higher-resolution synthesis imaging is required to confirm this morphology and to draw robust conclusions from its gas kinematics.
Internet Addiction among Egyptian Teens during COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Armaneous Ayman F. , Atta Hanan , Elkhatib Alshaimaa A. , Kamal Alshaimaa F. , Sallam Sara F.
Published: August 2024

BACKGROUND: Teens’ lifestyles have changed significantly during and after COVID-19 epidemic and they have started engaging in risky health behaviors like using smartphone more frequently. Everyone is compelled to use their smartphone more frequently than usual to access daily necessities during the COVID-19 pandemic lockdown.
AIM: We aimed to evaluate the problem of internet addiction and the increasing use of smartphone among teenage Egyptian youth during COVID-19 pandemic.
METHODS: Online surveys were sent to Egyptian teens (12–18 years old) in several governorates in June 2020, and they were completed by 154 youths over the course of one month. Different teenagers were required to respond to and share in this poll, and versions in both English and Arabic were used. At the outset of the questionnaire, the question about consent was viewed as mandatory. The extent of Internet use was evaluated using Young’s Internet Addiction Test (IAT). The survey was divided into four sections and created with the goals of understanding the modes (frequency, patterns, and goals) of internet use, the negative effects, linked parental behaviors, as well as the eventual occurrence and severity of addiction. The same data from the time before the epidemic was also looked into and analyzed. Version 23 of IBM SPSS Statistics was used for the analysis. The p-value threshold for significance was established at 0.05.
RESULTS: The mean age of the teens was 14.38 ± 2.87 years and equal gender frequency (males of 50.6% and females of 49.4%. About 79.9% of them live in urban environment, 18.8% suffered from family problems and 40.9% were in the secondary educational level. Increased physical inactivity of participants was noticed after COVID-19 among participants (55.8%). About 87.7% of them used smartphone for online access (87.7%). Half of the subjects (50%) spent 1–3 h online before COVID, while more than half of them (59.1%) spent more than 6 hours online after COVID, with a statistically significant difference. Mean IAT was 61.91 ± 16.77 after COVID versus 45.26 ± 12.45 before COVID. The prevalence of internet addiction was increased from 67.5% before COVID-19 to 77.9% after COVID-19 infection. IAT score was normal, mild, moderate, and severe in 5.8%, 16.2%, 65.6%, and 12.3% after COVID-19, respectively, compared to normal, mild, moderate, and severe IAT score in 26.6%, 5.8%, 61.0%, and 6.5% before COVID, respectively, with significant differences between them before and after COVID (p < 0.000). Increasing mother’s and father’s educational, increasing time spent online, decreasing duration of sleep, and lower the number of days of exercise for more than 30 min/week were associated with higher IAT score.
CONCLUSIONS: During the COVID-19 pandemic, internet addiction was extremely common among teenagers (77.9%). The amount of time spent online, the length of sleep, and the number of days that a person exercises for more than 30 min/week were all predictors of addiction.
The Low Back Pain - Looking For a Physiotherapeutic Approach
Authors: Nikolovska Lence , Mitova Ekaterina , Filipova Mariela
Published: August 2024

BACKGROUND: Low back pain (LBP) is one of the most common neurological complaints. It affects young people but has a slow progression even at a later age. LBP is a condition with a rich clinical picture – pain, severely limited range of motion in the spinal column (especially in the area of the L4-L5 segment) and sacro-iliac joints, difficulty walking. Physiotherapy has an essential role in maintaining the general condition and improving the quality of life for this contingent of patients.
AIM: The aim of the present study is to create and approve a physiotherapy methodology for pain reduction in patients diagnosed by a neurologist – radiculitis of the lumbo-sacral plexus.
METHODS: 20 clinically proven patients divided into two groups were included in the study. After signing informed consent declarations and assessment of anthropometric data (age, height, and weight), the subjects were evaluated with neurological tests such as Lasegue test and dolorimetry. Results were also reported on the Barthel index scale.
RESULTS: The dynamics of dolorimetry results, quality of life, and mobility in the spine area (especially the lumbar segment) were monitored in the two studied groups, with the results in the experimental group demonstrating better values (p < 0.0001).
CONCLUSION: There is no unified system for pain reduction in patients with LBP. As a result of applied physiotherapy, including modern techniques for myofascial massage, a faster increase in joint mobility in the area of the spine and sacroiliac joints, an improvement in muscle strength and, above all, a reduction in pain symptoms were found.
La mobilité pour accéder à la ville. La voiture et les minorités sexuelles et de genre à Beyrouth
Authors: Makhlouta Jean
Published: August 2024

Cet article vise à comprendre la manière dont les minorités sexuelles et de genre parviennent à négocier un accès à la ville de Beyrouth en s’appropriant et en s’aménageant l’espace-temps de la voiture lors de leurs déplacements nocturnes. Fondée sur une enquête ethnographique, la présente étude repose sur des entretiens semi-directifs et des observations participantes mobiles réalisés dans le cadre plus général d’une thèse sur les stratégies spatiales des minorités sexuelles et de genre à Beyrouth. Malgré les lourdes pesanteurs sociales et juridiques du contexte libanais, les subjectivités et les sociabilités qui prennent place au bord de la voiture attestent de l’agentivité de cette population minoritaire à transgresser les normes sexuelles et genrées établies. Cette transgression est rendue possible par un savoir-faire conséquent de la ville qui permet d’éviter et de contourner différents rappels à l’ordre. En raison de ses caractéristiques spatiotemporelles éphémères et à la fois intérieures et extérieures, l’espace-temps de la voiture mobile s’apparente à un « entre-lieux » qui donne à voir un espace rassurant mouvant et à micro-échelle dans l’espace urbain. Ainsi, l’entre-lieux de la voiture laisse entrevoir un accès minoritaire à la ville par la mobilité, ce qui incite à réinterroger certaines visions binaires et statiques des lieux et en particulier ceux des safe spaces qui se trouvent au sein de la géographie du genre et des sexualités.
Quand la confiance est attaquée, les liens de travail peuvent-ils être réparés ?
Authors: Sirota André
Published: August 2024

« Quand la confiance est attaquée, les liens de travail peuvent-ils être réparés ? » La psychanalyse, une pratique individuelle de soin psychologique à l’origine, une démarche d’investigation du fonctionnement de la psyché et une métapsychologie, est fondée sur la découverte de l’inconscient, de la dualité pulsionnelle et des processus transférentiels. Depuis son apparition, de nouveaux dispositifs de soin ont été mis à l’épreuve au fil du temps. Ce sont des dispositifs groupaux et à médiation notamment. Ces espaces transitionnels nouveaux s’en différencient et permettent le déploiement de processus qui ne peuvent émerger dans le dispositif initial. Toutefois, une exigence et un travail restent constants, du côté de ce qui est donné dans et par les interventions de l’analyste ; ceci, quels que soient les dispositifs ou les médiations. Il s’agit de l’invention d’énoncés interprétatifs en situation, qui ne sont, en aucun cas, l’expression d’une forme d’exercice d’application d’un modèle théorique. L’élaboration et la formulation d’une interprétation comme son adresse à autrui, en situation d’intersubjectivité, et dans une distance affectueuse, révèlent la dimension créatrice du travail référé à l’expérience de la psychanalyse. Cet article revisite une partie au moins du travail de l’interprétant qui relève tant de l’esprit et de la rigueur scientifiques que d’une capacité de sollicitude et d’un art particulier de la conversation. Il montre comment peuvent être déjouées les attaques de l’objet ou du lien et rétablis les liens de confiance et de collaboration.
Polyphonies transculturelles
Authors: Ayosso Judith , Knéra-Renaud Laurence , Quirot Benoît
Published: August 2024

« Polyphonies transculturelles. » Les auteurs soulignent les apports et échanges réciproques entre psychanalyse groupale et familiale et pratique transculturelle au sein d’un dispositif de soins singulier, nommé consultation Levier. La diversité d’expériences et de cultures professionnelles autorise une écoute polyphonique de la clinique familiale transculturelle et la mise en jeu de passerelles associatives. Le terme de transculturel se rapporte aux théories de G. Devereux, en lien avec la méthode complémentariste décrite par cet auteur. La fonction phorique de porte-parole du thérapeute principal est envisagée comme symbolisant le trajet du travail d’élaboration à plusieurs. Un exemple clinique aide à comprendre comment ce discours à plusieurs voix permet de travailler ensemble à transformer les difficultés familiales issues des expériences migratoires ou toute souffrance de la transmission, entre les sujets et entre les générations.
Familles et thérapeutes : éprouver ensemble la situation de handicap
Authors: Lopez-Minotti Véronique , Maraquin Carine
Published: August 2024

« Familles et thérapeutes : éprouver ensemble la situation de handicap. » Dans cet article, deux psychologues cliniciennes explorent l’épreuve que constitue la rencontre avec le handicap, au sein d’une famille à l’arrivée d’un enfant, puis en thérapie. Ces réflexions sont illustrées par une thérapie familiale auprès d’une jeune femme en situation de handicap. L’entrée en institution pour adultes est l’occasion de revisiter les effets de la fragilité de l’identification primaire, causée par le handicap, et de réaménager les liens familiaux vers plus de subjectivation et d’individualisation. Le soin psychique familial est considéré ici comme un outil de réaffiliation.
Réflexions sur le statut de la clinique en situation institutionnelle dans le champ du travail social, aujourd’hui confronté aux provocations néolibérales
Authors: Chauvière Michel
Published: August 2024

La clinique occupe une place décisive dans toute définition substantielle du travail social. C’est même son génie, sa principale signature. L’auteur, non clinicien, propose une réflexion socio-politique sur les usages et significations de cette clinique quand elle se déploie en situation institutionnelle et sur les difficultés qu’elle rencontre depuis la domination du new management dans les politiques publiques et l’envahissement de toute l’action sociale par les instruments sociotechniques (évaluation, qualité, performance, plateformisation, impact, etc.). Comment donc regagner en légitimité quand les anciens gains comme le diplôme d’État ne protègent plus guère les professionnels ?
De la clinique au récit clinique en institution
Authors: Gallut Xavier
Published: August 2024

Il s’agira d’abord d’identifier ce qui fait désormais obstacle à l’avènement de récits cliniques dans les institutions sociales, médico-sociales et sanitaires. Le malaise dans les institutions lié à la dérive managériale et gestionnaire, donnant lieu à l’avènement d’une novlangue désubjectivante, est devenu tellement prégnant qu’il empêche bien souvent que la clinique puisse être mise en récit et que ce récit soit partagé de manière sensible. En prenant appui sur les apports de la psychanalyse, il s’agira de déplacer notre regard pour montrer la pertinence d’une « clinique du milieu » qui relèverait d’une anthropologie qui ne serait pas une « exotique » mais une « endotique ».
Pourquoi et comment la clinique a-t-elle déserté le secteur médico-social ?
Authors: Chavaroche Philippe
Published: August 2024

La préoccupation clinique a quasiment déserté les établissements médico-sociaux pour adultes. Le déni de la souffrance psychique de nombreux usagers, pourtant porteurs de troubles psychopathologiques sévères pour certains, semble en être une des causes principales, en réduisant le handicap aux seules limitations sociales qu’il suffirait de compenser. La clinique comme souci d’une souffrance à accueillir, à comprendre et à soigner n’a donc plus sa place. La disqualification de cette orientation touche également les professionnels dont la compétence clinique n’est plus reconnue, soutenue et dirigée. La psychiatrie, comme recours possible pour étayer le soin dans le médico-social, est largement défaillante.
« Yagap. » L’analyse de la pratique, sa vie, son œuvre
Authors: Decourchelle Denis
Published: August 2024

L’analyse de la pratique en établissement spécialisé occupe de nombreuses fonctions qui dépassent souvent le périmètre prescrit par les commanditaires. Ainsi, elle peut mettre à l’épreuve les savoirs d’accompagnement et d’encadrement, elle permet d’expérimenter une mutualisation des connaissances par-delà le statut des intervenants. Mais, pour ces raisons et bien d’autres, sa présence n’est jamais neutre, soit qu’elle mette en scène les symptômes de dysfonctionnement qu’on ne remarquait plus, soit qu’elle facilite le renouveau des pratiques, tout en faisant de l’ombre aux vieilles habitudes.
Évaluer : actions composites et postures multiples ?
Authors: Simonet François
Published: August 2024

Pour examiner ce qu’est évaluer, l’auteur argumente sa réflexion d’une manière particulière. À partir de l’acte de jardiner – action sociale parmi d’autres possibles –, il fait apparaître un ensemble d’actions composites (spécifiques), mobilisées par l’action principale en fonction de critères, paramètres et conditions multiples. Puis, d’après la grille de lecture (modélisation) proposée, il déroule le narratif sur l’acte d’évaluer. L’arborescence générée par les actions composites indique la plasticité d’une pratique, avec toute une composition de nuances possibles. Par différentes opérations, évaluer est un acte de production de valeur(s) sociale(s).
La vie associative n’est pas un long fleuve tranquille
Authors: Segrestan Philippe
Published: August 2024

À partir d’une recherche-action conduite dans une fédération sportive, des propositions valables dans l’ensemble du monde associatif pour éviter que les modalités concrètes de la vie associative produisent de la souffrance psychique chez certains bénévoles ou militants. Des conditions permettant aux formes de la vie associative de mieux prendre en compte l’ensemble des dimensions des personnes (affectives, relationnelles, émotionnelles) sont identifiées.