bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Internal Characterization-Based Prognostics for Micro-Direct-Methanol Fuel Cells under Dynamic Operating Conditions
Authors: Zhang Dacheng , Li Xinru , Wang Wei , Zhao Zhengang
Published: June 2022

Micro-direct-methanol fuel cells (μDMFCs) use micro-electro mechanical system (MEMS) technology, which offers high energy density, portable use, quick replenishment, and free fuel reforming and purification. However, the μDMFC is limited by a short effective service life due to the membrane electrode’s deterioration in electrochemical reactions. This paper presents a health status assessment and remaining useful life (RUL) prediction approach for μDMFC under dynamic operating conditions. Rather than making external observations, an internal characterization is used to describe the degradation indicator and to overcome intrusive influences in operation. Then, a Markov-process-based usage behavior prediction mechanism is proposed to account for the randomness of real-world operation. The experimental results show that the proposed degradation indicator alleviates the reduction in μDMFC output power degradation behavior caused by the user loading profile. Compared with the predictions of RUL using traditional external observation, the proposed approach achieved superior prognostic performance in both accuracy and precision.
Measurement of Power Frequency Current including Low- and High-Order Harmonics Using a Rogowski Coil
Authors: El-Shahat Mohammed , Tag Eldin Elsayed , Mohamed Nourhan A. , EL-Morshedy Ahdab , Ibrahim Mohamed E.
Published: June 2022

The measurement of a power frequency current including low- and high-order harmonics is of great importance in calibration as well as in testing processes. Therefore, this paper presents the measurement of the power frequency current of light-emitting diode (LED) luminaires. LED luminaires were chosen as their input current includes both low- and high-order harmonics. The measurement process depends on reconstructing an LED luminaire current without using the coil parameters. Hence, the current reconstruction process is designed to be dependent on the measured characteristics of the Rogowski coil itself considering the frequency range at which the measurement process is required. An evaluation of the proposed measurement process was theoretically and experimentally carried out. A theoretical evaluation was carried out using MATALB SIMULINK software. However, the experimental evaluation was performed by building a Rogowski coil to measure the input currents of different LED luminaires having different power ratings of 300 W, 400 W, and 600 W. The currents measured using the Rogowski coil were compared with reference currents measured using a standard measurement technique. The obtained results show the efficacy of the proposed measurement method.
WISP, Wearable Inertial Sensor for Online Wheelchair Propulsion Detection
Authors: Callupe Luna Jhedmar , Martinez Rocha Juan , Monacelli Eric , Foggea Gladys , Hirata Yasuhisa , Delaplace Stéphane
Published: June 2022

Manual wheelchair dance is an artistic recreational and sport activity for people with disabilities that is becoming more and more popular. It has been reported that a significant part of the dance is dedicated to propulsion. Furthermore, wheelchair dance professionals such as Gladys Foggea highlight the need for monitoring the quantity and timing of propulsions for assessment and learning. This study addresses these needs by proposing a wearable system based on inertial sensors capable of detecting and characterizing propulsion gestures. We called the system WISP. Within our initial configuration, three inertial sensors were placed on the hands and the back. Two machine learning classifiers were used for online bilateral recognition of basic propulsion gestures (forward, backward, and dance). Then, a conditional block was implemented to rebuild eight specific propulsion gestures. Online paradigm is intended for real-time assessment applications using sliding window method. Thus, we evaluate the accuracy of the classifiers in two configurations: “three-sensor” and “two-sensor”. Results showed that when using “two-sensor” configuration, it was possible to recognize the propulsion gestures with an accuracy of 90.28%. Finally, the system allows to quantify the propulsions and measure their timing in a manual wheelchair dance choreography, showing its possible applications in the teaching of dance.
Trajectory Control for Vibrating Screen with Magnetorheological Dampers
Authors: Ogonowski Szymon , Krauze Piotr
Published: June 2022

The article presents a method of vibrating screen trajectory control based on MR (magnetorheological) dampers applied in a screen suspension. A mathematical description of the dynamic screen model was derived, and parameters of this model were estimated based on experimental data from a semi-industrial vibrating screen. The investigated screen included a single mechanical exciter with unbalanced masses, generating a circular vibration trajectory and operating with over-resonant frequency close to 19 Hz. It was experimentally tested in several phases of operation: start-up, nominal operation at a target vibration frequency and shutdown. The implemented screen model was further extended and included several MR dampers oriented horizontally and vertically in the form of Bouc–Wen models. The Bouc–Wen model was identified based on experiments carried out for an MR damper subjected to harmonic excitations generated by the MTS (material testing system). Dominant frequencies of excitation varied by up to 20 Hz during experiments. The main novelty of the reported solution is that according to the proposed control algorithm, the desired forces generated by MR dampers emulate an additional virtual mechanical exciter of the vibrating screen. In turn, it interacts with the available exciter, resulting in conversion of the trajectory from circular to linear, which was validated in the presented study. For the purpose of simulation accuracy, the desired control force was additionally limited within the simulator by MR damper dissipative domain, which maps the constraints of a semi-active damper. The presented approach allows one to obtain a close to linear trajectory with only one exciter and with semi-active control of suspension stiffness. The results were successfully repeated with different configurations of desired trajectory, indicating that the effectiveness of the desired linear trajectory generation depends on its orientation. The reported findings may lead to the design of new vibrating screen constructions, taking advantage of the semi-active control of a suspension in the attenuation of disturbance resulting from varying processed material parameters.
Modeling and Trajectory Tracking Model Predictive Control Novel Method of AUV Based on CFD Data
Authors: Bao Han , Zhu Haitao
Published: June 2022

In this paper, a novel model predictive control (MPC) method based on the population normal probability division genetic algorithm and ant colony optimization (GA-ACO) method is proposed to optimally solve the problem of standard MPC with constraints that generally cannot yield global optimal solutions when using quadratic programming (QP). Combined with dynamic sliding mode control (SMC), this model is applied to the dynamic trajectory tracking control of autonomous underwater vehicles (AUVs). First, the computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulation platform ANSYS Fluent is used to solve for the main hydrodynamic coefficients required to establish the AUV dynamic model. Then, the novel model predictive controller is used to obtain the desired velocity command of the AUV. To reduce the influence of external interference and realize accurate velocity tracking, dynamic SMC is used to obtain the control input command. In addition, stability analysis based on the Lyapunov method proves the asymptotic stability of the controller. Finally, the trajectory tracking performance of the AUV in an underwater, three-dimensional environment is verified by using the MATLAB/Simulink simulation platform. The results verify the effectiveness and robustness of the proposed control method.
Validation of Non-Restrictive Inertial Gait Analysis of Individuals with Incomplete Spinal Cord Injury in Clinical Settings
Authors: Haji Hassani Roushanak , Willi Romina , Rauter Georg , Bolliger Marc , Seel Thomas
Published: June 2022

Inertial Measurement Units (IMUs) have gained popularity in gait analysis and human motion tracking, and they provide certain advantages over stationary line-of-sight-dependent Optical Motion Capture (OMC) systems. IMUs appear as an appropriate alternative solution to reduce dependency on bulky, room-based hardware and facilitate the analysis of walking patterns in clinical settings and daily life activities. However, most inertial gait analysis methods are unpractical in clinical settings due to the necessity of precise sensor placement, the need for well-performed calibration movements and poses, and due to distorted magnetometer data in indoor environments as well as nearby ferromagnetic material and electronic devices. To address these limitations, recent literature has proposed methods for self-calibrating magnetometer-free inertial motion tracking, and acceptable performance has been achieved in mechanical joints and in individuals without neurological disorders. However, the performance of such methods has not been validated in clinical settings for individuals with neurological disorders, specifically individuals with incomplete Spinal Cord Injury (iSCI). In the present study, we used recently proposed inertial motion-tracking methods, which avoid magnetometer data and leverage kinematic constraints for anatomical calibration. We used these methods to determine the range of motion of the Flexion/Extension (F/E) hip and Abduction/Adduction (A/A) angles, the F/E knee angles, and the Dorsi/Plantar (D/P) flexion ankle joint angles during walking. Data (IMU and OMC) of five individuals with no neurological disorders (control group) and five participants with iSCI walking for two minutes on a treadmill in a self-paced mode were analyzed. For validation purposes, the OMC system was considered as a reference. The mean absolute difference (MAD) between calculated range of motion of joint angles was 5.00°, 5.02°, 5.26°, and 3.72° for hip F/E, hip A/A, knee F/E, and ankle D/P flexion angles, respectively. In addition, relative stance, swing, double support phases, and cadence were calculated and validated. The MAD for the relative gait phases (stance, swing, and double support) was 1.7%, and the average cadence error was 0.09 steps/min. The MAD values for RoM and relative gait phases can be considered as clinically acceptable. Therefore, we conclude that the proposed methodology is promising, enabling non-restrictive inertial gait analysis in clinical settings.
GaN/AlN Multi-Quantum Wells Infrared Detector with Short-Wave Infrared Response at Room Temperature
Authors: Jiang Fengqiu , Bu Yuyu
Published: June 2022

GaN-based quantum well infrared detectors can make up for the weakness of GaAs-based quantum well infrared detectors for short-wave infrared detection. In this work, GaN/AlN (1.8 nm/1.8 nm) multi-quantum wells have been epitaxially grown on sapphire substrate using MBE technology. Meanwhile, based on this device structure, the band positions and carrier distributions of a single quantum well are also calculated. At room temperature, the optical response of the device is 58.6 μA/W with a bias voltage of 0.5 V, and the linearity between the optical response and the laser power is R2 = 0.99931. This excellent detection performance can promote the research progress of GaN-based quantum well infrared detectors in the short-wave infrared field.
Real-Time Gait Phase Detection Using Wearable Sensors for Transtibial Prosthesis Based on a kNN Algorithm
Authors: Rattanasak Atcharawan , Uthansakul Peerapong , Uthansakul Monthippa , Jumphoo Talit , Phapatanaburi Khomdet , Sindhupakorn Bura , Rooppakhun Supakit
Published: June 2022

Those with disabilities who have lost their legs must use a prosthesis to walk. However, traditional prostheses have the disadvantage of being unable to move and support the human gait because there are no mechanisms or algorithms to control them. This makes it difficult for the wearer to walk. To overcome this problem, we developed an insole device with a wearable sensor for real-time gait phase detection based on the kNN (k-nearest neighbor) algorithm for prosthetic control. The kNN algorithm is used with the raw data obtained from the pressure sensors in the insole to predict seven walking phases, i.e., stand, heel strike, foot flat, midstance, heel off, toe-off, and swing. As a result, the predictive decision in each gait cycle to control the ankle movement of the transtibial prosthesis improves with each walk. The results in this study can provide 81.43% accuracy for gait phase detection, and can control the transtibial prosthetic effectively at the maximum walking speed of 6 km/h. Moreover, this insole device is small, lightweight and unaffected by the physical factors of the wearer.
2D Gait Skeleton Data Normalization for Quantitative Assessment of Movement Disorders from Freehand Single Camera Video Recordings
Authors: Tang Wei , van Ooijen Peter M. A. , Sival Deborah A. , Maurits Natasha M.
Published: June 2022

Overlapping phenotypic features between Early Onset Ataxia (EOA) and Developmental Coordination Disorder (DCD) can complicate the clinical distinction of these disorders. Clinical rating scales are a common way to quantify movement disorders but in children these scales also rely on the observer’s assessment and interpretation. Despite the introduction of inertial measurement units for objective and more precise evaluation, special hardware is still required, restricting their widespread application. Gait video recordings of movement disorder patients are frequently captured in routine clinical settings, but there is presently no suitable quantitative analysis method for these recordings. Owing to advancements in computer vision technology, deep learning pose estimation techniques may soon be ready for convenient and low-cost clinical usage. This study presents a framework based on 2D video recording in the coronal plane and pose estimation for the quantitative assessment of gait in movement disorders. To allow the calculation of distance-based features, seven different methods to normalize 2D skeleton keypoint data derived from pose estimation using deep neural networks applied to freehand video recording of gait were evaluated. In our experiments, 15 children (five EOA, five DCD and five healthy controls) were asked to walk naturally while being videotaped by a single camera in 1280 × 720 resolution at 25 frames per second. The high likelihood of the prediction of keypoint locations (mean = 0.889, standard deviation = 0.02) demonstrates the potential for distance-based features derived from routine video recordings to assist in the clinical evaluation of movement in EOA and DCD. By comparison of mean absolute angle error and mean variance of distance, the normalization methods using the Euclidean (2D) distance of left shoulder and right hip, or the average distance from left shoulder to right hip and from right shoulder to left hip were found to better perform for deriving distance-based features and further quantitative assessment of movement disorders.
Methodology for Monitoring Work Zones Traffic Operations Using Connected Vehicle Data
Authors: Sakhare Rahul Suryakant , Desai Jairaj , Li Howell , Kachler Mischa A. , Bullock Darcy M.
Published: June 2022

The National Work Zone Safety Information Clearinghouse estimated there were approximately 115,000 work zone crashes with 842 fatalities in 2019. There is broad consensus that it is important for agencies to develop near real-time risk assessment of work zone traffic operations to proactively identify improvement opportunities. Due to the huge spatial distribution and relatively low frequency of crashes, legacy techniques of monitoring crash locations do not scale well for identifying all but the most severe construction zone operational problems. Past research identified hard braking and congestion as strong predictors for crashes in and around work zones. This paper presents scalable methodologies that can be used to systematically analyze hard-braking and speed data obtained from connected vehicles. These techniques have been applied to over 205 billion records in Indiana since 2019. These statewide data analytics are fused into concise graphics to identify work zones with emerging anomalies in congestion and/or hard braking. Weekly screening reports, institutionalized in Indiana for the past two years, provide information for agile agency monitoring and response. Case studies show quantitative changes in work zone performance measures, and corresponding surveillance video images illustrate the significance of these changes. During this period of near real-time monitoring and agile agency response, Indiana interstate crash rates have been reduced by 31% from 2019 to 2021, even though most 2021 interstate traffic volumes have rebounded to pre-pandemic 2019 volumes.
Quantitative Analysis of Anthocyanins in Grapes by UPLC-Q-TOF MS Combined with QAMS
Authors: Li Xue , Wang Wei , Sun Suling , Wang Junhong , Zhu Jiahong , Liang Feng , Zhang Yu , Hu Guixian
Published: June 2022

A method for quantifying the anthocyanins in grapes was firstly developed by ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole-time of flight mass spectrometry (UPLC-Q-TOFMS) combined with quantitative analysis of multi-components by single marker (QAMS). A total of 10 main anthocyanins were analyzed by using peonidin 3-O-glucoside as the reference standard. The accuracy of this method was evaluated by an established and validated external standard quantification method with 10 reference compounds. The standard method difference (SMDs) of the quantification results between QAMS and the external standard methodwasless than 15%. Furthermore, the QAMS method was used to analyzefour batches of grapes and the data was compared with those obtained using the external standard method. No significant difference wasobtained in the results obtained by both methods. These results indicated that the QAMS method could accurately determine the anthocyanins in grapes. This method can provide a basis to address the absence of reference standards for analyzing anthocyanins in other foods.
Hypersexual Behavior and Depression Symptoms among Dating App Users
Authors: Ciocca Giacomo , Fontanesi Lilybeth , Robilotta Antonella , Limoncin Erika , Nimbi Filippo Maria , Mollaioli Daniele , Sansone Andrea , Colonnello Elena , Simonelli Chiara , Di Lorenzo Giorgio , Jannini Emmanuele A.
Published: June 2022

The use of Dating Applications (DAs) is widespread, and in some cases could be associated with psychosexological issues. Hence, we decided to investigate hypersexual behavior and depression symptoms among DA users and non-users. We recruited a snowball convenience sample of 1000 subjects through an online platform in 2020 for a cross-sectional study. One hundred and nineteen (11.9%) were classified as DA users and 881 as non-users. All subjects completed a sociodemographic questionnaire, the Hypersexual Behavior Inventory (HBI), to assess hypersexuality, and the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9) to evaluate depression symptoms. We primarily found higher levels of hypersexual behavior and depression symptoms in DA users compared to non-users. In particular, HBI Total (users = 42.27 ± 16.37 vs. non-users = 31.85 ± 12.06; p < 0.0001), HBI Coping (users = 17.92 ± 8.01 vs. non-users = 13.52 ± 6.03; p < 0.0001), HBI Control (users = 14.73 ± 6.68 vs. non-users = 10.71 ± 4.95; p < 0.0001), HBI Consequences (users = 9.62 ± 4.33 vs. non-users = 7.60 ± 3.37; p < 0.0001), PHQ-9 Depression (users = 12.82 ± 6.64 vs. nonusers = 10.05 ± 5.84; p < 0.0001). On the whole, we found that hypersexual behavior and depression symptoms strongly characterize DAs users; this evidence could represent an important associated factor in DA use for sexual purposes.
Relationship between Emotional Intelligence, Victimization, and Academic Achievement in High School Students
Authors: Martínez-Martínez Ana María , Roith Christian , Aguilar-Parra José M. , Manzano-León Ana , Rodríguez-Ferrer José M. , López-Liria Remedios
Published: June 2022

The study of bullying implies analyzing the emotional competences of students, and it has been demonstrated that this phenomenon is due to the poor management of emotions. This study explores whether high scores in Emotional Intelligence (EI) are positively related to academic performance and negatively to bullying. The sample composition focused on students of Compulsory Secondary Education, formed by 3451 subjects aged between 11 and 18 years (50.88% women and 49.12% men). The selection of the high schools was made for non-random convenience, administering Peer Bullying Questionnaire (CAI), TMM-24 and school grades. To analyze the results, a model of structural equations was used by estimating the maximum likelihood together with the bootstrapping procedure. We concluded that EI stands as a protector against bullying and has a positive impact on academic performance. This infers that having greater clarity, repair and emotional attention correlates with a lower possibility of being bullied, at the same time, a school climate without aggressiveness generates positive links towards the school and towards optimal learning environments.
Special Issue “Optimising Interval Training Prescription”
Authors: Billaut François
Published: June 2022

High-intensity interval training, the so-called HIT, was popularized among athletes in the 1980′s and has been shown to be one of the most effective training modalities for improving athletic performance in various sports [...]
Evaluating the Economic Benefits of Tightening Regulations on the Use of Toluene, a Hazardous Chemical, in South Korea
Authors: Park So-Yeon , Kim Ju-Hee , Seo Jungkwan , Yoo Seung-Hoon
Published: June 2022

The South Korean government currently designates toluene as a hazardous chemical, only limiting its use in products that are feared to be harmful. Since no measures to prohibit the use of toluene have been implemented, toluene is frequently detected in amounts that exceed the limit. Accordingly, the Government is considering implementing a plan to tighten the current regulations related to the use of toluene to prevent the occurrence of diseases caused by exposure and addiction to it. Therefore, the most important objective of this research is to evaluate quantitatively the economic benefits arising from the implementation of the plan in South Korea. To achieve the purpose of this paper, contingent valuation, an economic technique for analyzing data collected from a survey of people based on economic theory, is applied. For this purpose, a survey of 1000 people nationwide is conducted, and an analysis model that is well received in the literature is adopted. In other words, the annual willingness to pay (WTP) per household to strengthen the regulations to reduce the human health risks of toluene is evaluated to calculate its economic benefits. All the estimated WTP models secure statistical significance. The average WTP per household per annum is derived as KRW 3394 (USD 3.02). Considering that the country contained 20,573,060 households in 2021, the national economic benefits are calculated as KRW 69.82 billion (USD 62.23 million) every year. It is difficult to estimate accurately the costs incurred by tightening the regulations on toluene use, but they do not seem to exceed the benefits. Because tightening the regulations would be socially desirable, the Government would be justified in making this decision.
Chinese Tourists’ Health Risk Avoidance Behavior in the Context of Regular Epidemic Prevention and Control: An Empirical Analysis
Authors: Lu Mingming , Shi Peihua
Published: June 2022

The health risk avoidance behavior of tourists in China, a country actively combating COVID-19, is of research significance. This study proposes and tests a model based on three theories—stimulus-organism-response model, motivation-opportunity-ability model, and health belief model—to examine the impact mechanism of tourists’ health risk avoiding behavior under COVID-19′s regular epidemic prevention and control situations and the moderating effect of health risk perception. The results reveal that, from the stimulus perspective, tourists’ motivation, opportunities to travel, and the ability to travel negatively affect tourists’ health risk avoidance behavior. That is to say, the stronger the motivation of tourists to undertake tourist activities, the stronger the safeguards provided by the government, and the better that tourists are informed of the virus and more equipped with healthy habits and skills, the more likely it is that tourists will not take avoidance behavior. From the organism perspective, perceived severity and perceived susceptibility, as mediating factors, positively influence tourists’ health risk avoidance behavior. In contrast, if tourists are more likely to believe in the controllability of the health risk of the epidemic, then they are more likely to travel and less likely to show avoidance behavior. Managerial implications and theoretical contributions are also provided.
Optimal Operation of Microgrids with Demand-Side Management Based on a Combination of Genetic Algorithm and Artificial Bee Colony
Authors: Dashtdar Masoud , Flah Aymen , Hosseinimoghadam Seyed Mohammad Sadegh , Kotb Hossam , Jasińska Elżbieta , Gono Radomir , Leonowicz Zbigniew , Jasiński Michał
Published: June 2022

An important issue in power systems is the optimal operation of microgrids with demand-side management. The implementation of demand-side management programs, on the one hand, reduces the cost of operating the power system, and on the other hand, the implementation of such programs requires financial incentive policies. In this paper, the problem of the optimal operation of microgrids along with demand-side management (DSM) is formulated as an optimization problem. Load shifting is considered an effective solution in demand-side management. The objective function of this problem is to minimize the total operating costs of the power system and the cost of load shifting, and the constraints of the problem include operating constraints and executive restrictions for load shifting. Due to the dimensions of the problem, the simultaneous combination of a genetic algorithm and an ABC is used in such a way that by solving the OPF problem with an ABC algorithm and applying it to the structure of the genetic algorithm, the main problem will be solved. Finally, the proposed method is evaluated under the influence of various factors, including the types of production units, the types of loads, the unit uncertainty, sharing with the grid, and electricity prices all based on different scenarios. To confirm the proposed method, the results were compared with different algorithms on the IEEE 33-bus network, which was able to reduce costs by 57.01%.
Relationship between Household Dynamics, Biomass Consumption, and Carbon Emissions in Pakistan
Authors: Imran Muhammad , Zahid Azlan , Mouneer Salma , Özçatalbaş Orhan , Ul Haq Shamsheer , Shahbaz Pomi , Muzammil Muhammad , Murtaza Muhammad Ramiz
Published: June 2022

Over the years, the household sector has become an important energy consumer and the main source of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. The rural household sector has significant potential for emission reduction due to its heavy reliance on traditional fuels and technologies. A great number of academic studies have been undertaken to analyze patterns of household energy and their determinants around the globe, particularly in developing countries. However, little is known about the association between household dynamics and patterns of energy (biomass vs. non-renewable) use. This study aims to analyze the relationship between different household dynamics, such as household size, income, climate, availability of resources, markets, awareness, consumption of energy, and carbon emissions. The study uses the STIRPAT model to investigate the impact of income, household size, housing dimensions, clean energy, and market accessibility on energy consumption. The findings of the study reveal that biomass energy accounts for the majority of household energy consumption and dung has the highest share in total household energy consumption (39.11%) The consumption of biomass increased with the size of the household and decreased with the level of income. A 1 kgoe increase in biomass consumption resulted in a 15.355 kg increase in CO2 emissions; on the other hand, a 1 kgoe increase in non-renewable-energy consumption resulted in just a 0.8675 kg increase in CO2 emissions. The coefficients of housing unit size, distance from the LPG market, and livestock were the primary determinants for choosing any fuel. Having knowledge of modern cookstoves, clean energy, and the environmental impact of fuels reduced the consumption of both energy sources. Furthermore, it was found that households with a greater reliance on biomass emitted higher quantities of carbon compared to those with a low reliance on biomass. Based on the results of the study, it can be stated that a reduction in the use of biomass and non-renewable energy is possible with adequate interventions and knowledge.
How Destination Social Responsibility Affects Tourist Citizenship Behavior at Cultural Heritage Sites? Mediating Roles of Destination Reputation and Destination Identification
Authors: Zhang Hongsheng , Cheng Zhenfeng , Chen Xin
Published: June 2022

Cultural heritage tourism, as a typical integration of culture and tourism, has attracted extensive attention in recent years. Although some scholars have already explored the influencing mechanism of tourists’ behavioral intention in cultural heritage destinations, there remains a lack of research on how the social responsibility of cultural heritage tourism destinations affects tourist citizenship behavior. Exploring the formation mechanism of tourist citizenship behavior at cultural heritage sites from the perspective of destination social responsibility, this study intends to provide a theoretical reference for realizing the high-quality development of cultural heritage tourism. In this study, a chain mediation model based on destination reputation and destination identification is constructed to clarify the influencing mechanism of destination social responsibility on tourist citizenship behavior. The structural equation model and bootstrapping methods are applied to conduct empirical tests on 573 valid samples who have experienced cultural heritage tourism. The results show that: (a) the social responsibility of cultural heritage destinations positively affects the tourist citizenship behavior; (b) the destination reputation plays a mediating role between destination social responsibility and tourist advocacy behavior; (c) the destination identification plays a mediating role between destination social responsibility and tourist feedback behavior and tourist advocacy behavior; (d) the destination reputation and destination identification jointly play a chain mediation role between destination social responsibility and tourist citizenship behavior. These research results not only clarify the internal mechanism between the social responsibility of cultural heritage sites and tourist citizenship behavior, but also presented certain significance for practically guiding the destination managers to promote the sustainable development of cultural heritage tourism.
Temperature Regulation Model and Experimental Study of Compressed Air Energy Storage Cavern Heat Exchange System
Authors: Li Peng , Chen Zongguang , Zhou Xuezhi , Chen Haisheng , Wang Zhi
Published: June 2022

The first hard rock shallow-lined underground CAES cavern in China has been excavated to conduct a thermodynamic process and heat exchange system for practice. The thermodynamic equations for the solid and air region are compiled into the fluent two-dimensional axisymmetric model through user-defined functions. The temperature regulation model and experimental study results show that the charging time determines the air temperature and fluctuates dramatically under different charging flow rates. The average air temperature increases with increasing charging flow and decreasing charging time, fluctuating between 62.5 °C and −40.4 °C during the charging and discharging processes. The temperature would reach above 40 °C within the first 40 min of the initial pressurization stage, and the humidity decreases rapidly within a short time. The use of the heat exchange system can effectively control the cavern temperature within a small range (20–40 °C). The temperature rises and regularly falls with the control system’s switch. An inverse relationship between the temperature and humidity and water vapor can be seen in the first hour of the initial discharging. The maximum noise is 92 and 87 decibels in the deflation process.
The Preference Analysis for Hikers’ Choice of Hiking Trail
Authors: Molokáč Mário , Hlaváčová Jana , Tometzová Dana , Liptáková Erika
Published: June 2022

Leisure time and its quality use is becoming increasingly important in society. We can spend it primarily on physical activity, which offer many options, as it provides an entertainment and has a complex effect on our physical and mental health. Walking as a basis for hiking is the most accessible form of physical activity. Hiking is known as a low-level adventure activity, making it popular, and therefore, it presents an important tourism product around the world. The aim of hiking is the improvement of spiritual wealth, physical capabilities, mental resilience, and the general health of a person. An essential activity of hiking is the exploration of natural beauties and monuments. The tourist chooses a certain attractive place based on the route by which he can arrive there. The aim of this study is to provide a better understanding of the motivations of mountain hikers and to discuss the issue in wider contexts. This study examines the individual components comprising the decision-making process when choosing a hiking trail, such as slope of a terrain, relief, hiking trail surface, difficulty level of hiking trail, natural monuments, environmental attractiveness, and hiker’s internal motivation. The study contributes to contemporary literature on soft adventure hiking. Definitively, the findings provide important data in the creation of attractive and sustainable tourism products tailored to and planning for sustainable development of the territory in terms of tourism.
The Intervening Effects of Perceived Organizational Support on COVID-19 Pandemic Stress, Job Burnout and Occupational Turnover Intentions of Collegiate Sport Athlete-Facing Professionals
Authors: Chun Yoonki , Sagas Michael , Wendling Elodie
Published: June 2022

Already a challenging position in higher education, collegiate sport athlete-facing professionals have been exposed to excessive stress amid the COVID-19 pandemic that can result in emotional exhaustion and a mass exodus of valued employees within collegiate sport organizations. Accordingly, based on COR theory, we aimed to assess the intervening effects of perceived organizational support that can mitigate job burnout and occupational turnover intentions due to pandemic stress. A total of 427 academic support professionals in National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) Division I organizations responded to an online survey measuring pandemic stress, job burnout, occupational turnover intention, and organizational support. Hypotheses were tested through a serial-mediation analysis using the PROCESS macro for SPSS Model 6. Results showed that pandemic stress had a statistically significant effect on occupational turnover through job burnout. It was also confirmed that organizational support fully mediates the relationship between pandemic stress, job burnout, and occupational turnover. Overall, our findings highlight the importance of providing adequate organizational support towards employees under a high level of stress due to the pandemic. As ASPs adapt to the “new normal,” college sport organizations can assist employees by catering the support they provide to meet changing needs, especially by leveraging technologies that have been advanced during the pandemic. Further implications of the findings on collegiate sport organization literature are offered, as are suggestions for future research.
CLHF-Net: A Channel-Level Hierarchical Feature Fusion Network for Remote Sensing Image Change Detection
Authors: Ma Jinming , Lu Di , Li Yanxiang , Shi Gang
Published: June 2022

Remote sensing (RS) image change detection (CD) is the procedure of detecting the change regions that occur in the same area in different time periods. A lot of research has extracted deep features and fused multi-scale features by convolutional neural networks and attention mechanisms to achieve better CD performance, but these methods do not result in well-fused feature pairs of the same scale and features of different layers. To solve this problem, a novel CD network with symmetric structure called the channel-level hierarchical feature fusion network (CLHF-Net) is proposed. First, a channel-split feature fusion module (CSFM) with symmetric structure is proposed, which consists of three branches. The CSFM integrates feature information of the same scale feature pairs more adequately and effectively solves the problem of insufficient communication between feature pairs. Second, an interaction guidance fusion module (IGFM) is designed to fuse the feature information of different layers more effectively. IGFM introduces the detailed information from shallow features into deep features and deep semantic information into shallow features, and the fused features have more complete feature information of change regions and clearer edge information. Compared with other methods, CLHF-Net improves the F1 scores by 1.03%, 2.50%, and 3.03% on the three publicly available benchmark datasets: season-varying, WHU-CD, and LEVIR-CD datasets, respectively. Experimental results show that the performance of the proposed CLHF-Net is better than other comparative methods.
The Fate of Molecular Species in Water Layers in the Light of Power-Law Time-Dependent Diffusion Coefficient
Authors: Hefny Mohamed Mokhtar , Tawfik Ashraf M.
Published: June 2022

In the present paper, we propose two methods for tracking molecular species in water layers via two approaches of the diffusion equation with a power-law time-dependent diffusion coefficient. The first approach shows the species densities and the growth of different species via numerical simulation. At the same time, the second approach is built on the fractional diffusion equation with a time-dependent diffusion coefficient in the sense of regularised Caputo fractional derivative. As an illustration, we present here the species densities profiles and track the normal and anomalous growth of five molecular species OH, H2O2, HO2, NO3-, and NO2- via the calculation of the mean square displacement using the two methods.
A Wideband and Ultra-Thin Metamaterial Absorber Based on Resistive FSS
Authors: Lv Zhongliang , Li Zelun , Han Yu , Cao Yujiang , Yang Lin
Published: June 2022

A wideband, ultra-thin, wide-angle and polarization-insensitive metamaterial absorber with a single-layer resistive frequency selective surface (FSS) is proposed. The simulated results show that the absorption rate of the absorber is greater than 90% in a frequency range of 24.1–42.6 GHz, and the relative absorption bandwidth is up to 55.47%. The thickness of the structure is 1.2 mm, which is 0.088 λ and 0.156 λ for the lowest and highest frequencies, respectively. The power loss density is analyzed to explore the mechanism of the absorption and the resistive film layer is important for the wideband absorption. Meanwhile, a strong absorption for oblique incidence with wide angle and the characteristics of polarization insensitivity are achieved for the proposed design.
A Study of Factors Influencing the Continuance Intention to the Usage of Augmented Reality in Museums
Authors: Jiang Qianling , Chen Jiangjie , Wu Yutong , Gu Chao , Sun Jie
Published: June 2022

Augmented reality (AR) technology has rapidly developed in recent years. This technology is widely used in various fields, including museum exhibitions, where people use it to experience art in a new way. While AR aims to realize the interaction between the virtual world and the real world, museums use AR to develop new digital artwork from artifacts. When text descriptions are no longer attractive to the audience, museums need to add more sound effects to images and video dynamics to develop a sustainable way for the industry’s future. For the continued use of such technology and the better development of the museum industry, this study used a structural equation model to explore the influences on the continuance intention of museum AR technology through experiments and questionnaires. Furthermore, it established a model with six dimensions: interaction quality, information quality, information richness, satisfaction, perceived playfulness, and continuance intention. Moreover, the results of this study can serve as a reference for managers to promote the extensive application of AR technology in museum construction, thereby providing visitors with better experiences and satisfying their needs.
Research Progress of Safety of Zearalenone: A Review
Authors: Han Xiao , Huangfu Bingxin , Xu Tongxiao , Xu Wentao , Asakiya Charles , Huang Kunlun , He Xiaoyun
Published: June 2022

Zearalenone, a mycotoxin produced by fungi of the genus Fusarium, widely exists in animal feed and human food. The structure of zearalenone is similar to estrogen, so it mainly has estrogenic effects on various organisms. Products contaminated with zearalenone can pose risks to animals and humans. Therefore, it is imperative to carry out toxicological research on zearalenone and evaluate its risk to human health. This paper briefly introduces the production, physical, and chemical properties of zearalenone and the research progress of its toxicity kinetics, focusing on its genetic toxicity, reproductive toxicity, hepatotoxicity, immunotoxicity, carcinogenicity, endocrine interference, and its impact on intestinal health. Finally, the progress of the risk assessment of human exposure is summarized to provide a reference for the follow-up study of zearalenone.
Solving Linear Tensor Equations II: Including Parity Odd Terms in Four Dimensions
Authors: Iosifidis Damianos
Published: June 2022

In this paper, focusing on 4-dimensional space, we extend our previous results of solving linear tensor equations. In particular, we consider a 30-parameter linear tensor equation for the unknown tensor component Nαμν in terms of the known component (source) Bαμν. The extension also included the parity even linear terms in Nαμν (and the associated traces), which are formed by contracting the latter with the 4-dimensional Levi-Civita pseudotensor. Assuming generic non-degeneracy conditions and following a step-by-step procedure, we show how to explicitly solve for the unknown tensor field component Nαμν and, consequently, derive its unique and exact solution in terms of the component Bαμν.
Two Separate Clusters of SARS-CoV-2 Delta Variant Infections in a Group of 41 Students Travelling from India: An Illustration of the Need for Rigorous Testing and Quarantine
Authors: Van Elslande Jan , Kerckhofs Femke , Cuypers Lize , Wollants Elke , Potter Barney , Vankeerberghen Anne , Cattoir Lien , Holderbeke Astrid , Behillil Sylvie , Gorissen Sarah , Bloemen Mandy , Arnout Jef , Van Ranst Marc , Van Weyenbergh Johan , Maes Piet , Baele Guy , Vermeersch Pieter , André Emmanuel ,   on behalf of the COG-Belgium Consortium
Published: June 2022

We report two clusters of SARS-CoV-2 B.1.617.2 (Delta variant) infections in a group of 41 Indian nursing students who travelled from New Delhi, India, to Belgium via Paris, France. All students tested negative before departure and had a second negative antigen test upon arrival in Paris. Upon arrival in Belgium, the students were quarantined in eight different houses. Four houses remained COVID-free during the 24 days of follow-up, while all 27 residents of the other four houses developed an infection during quarantine, including the four residents who were fully vaccinated and the two residents who were partially vaccinated. Genome sequencing revealed two distinct clusters affecting one and three houses, respectively. In this group of students, vaccination status did not seem to prevent infection nor decrease the viral load. No severe symptoms were reported. Extensive contact tracing and 3 months of nationwide genomic surveillance confirmed that these outbreaks were successfully contained and did not contribute to secondary community transmission in Belgium. These clusters highlight the importance of repeated testing and quarantine measures among travelers coming from countries experiencing a surge of infections, as all infections were detected 6 days or more after arrival.
Biological Characteristics of Infectious Laryngotracheitis Viruses Isolated in China
Authors: Wu Mi , Zhang Zhifei , Su Xin , Lu Haipeng , Li Xuesong , Yuan Chunxiu , Liu Qinfang , Teng Qiaoyang , Geri Letu , Li Zejun
Published: June 2022

Infectious laryngotracheitis virus (ILTV) causes severe respiratory disease in chickens and results in huge economic losses in the poultry industry worldwide. To correlate the genomic difference with the replication and pathogenicity, phenotypes of three ILTVs isolated from chickens in China from 2016 to 2018 were sequenced by high-throughput sequencing. Based on the entire genome, the isolates GD2018 and SH2017 shared 99.9% nucleotide homology, while the isolate SH2016 shared 99.7% nucleotide homology with GD2018 and SH2017, respectively. Each virus genome contained 82 ORFs encoding 77 kinds of protein, 31 of which share the same amino acid sequence in the three viruses. GD2018 and SH2017 shared 57 proteins with the same amino acid sequence, while SH2016 shared 42 and 41 proteins with the amino acid sequences of GD2018 and SH2017, respectively. SH2016 propagated efficiently in allantoic fluid and on chorioallantoic membranes (CAMs) of SPF chicken embryo eggs, while GD2018 and SH2017 proliferated well only on CAMs. GD2018 propagated most efficiently on CAMs and LMH cells among three isolates. SH2016 caused serious clinical symptoms, while GD2018 and SH2017 caused mild and moderate clinical symptoms in chickens, although the sero of the chickens infected with those three isolates were all positive for anti-ILTV antibody at 14 and 21 days after challenge. Three ILTVs with high genetic homology showed significant differences in the replication in different culture systems and the pathogenicity of chickens, providing basic materials for studying the key determinants of pathogenicity of ILTV.