bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Hubungan stres dengan Kualitas Hidup pada Penderita DM Tipe 2 di Kabupaten Poso
Authors: Tampai Dwi Debi , Lainsamputty Ferdy , Katiandagho Yunike
Published: February 2022

Background: DM and stress are closely related especially to events in urban areas. Life pressures and unhealthy lifestyles are very influential, coupled with increasingly rapid technological advances and various diseases that are being suffered causing a decrease in a person's condition so that it triggers stress. Psychological disorders such as depression and stress that are common in the DM population, require proper treatment because they cause a drastic reduction in quality of life. Objective: This research was conducted to determine the relationship between stress and quality of life in patients with type 2 diabetes. Method: This research is a correlation analytic type with a cross sectional approach. The population in this study were all patients with type 2 DM in outpatients in Poso Regional Hospital as many as 2023 people, with a total sample of 137 people. The sampling technique used was purposive sampling. Data were collected using a Depression Anxiety Stress Scale 42 (DASS 42) and WHOQOL-BREF questionnaire. Descriptive statistics and bivariate analysis (mann whitney, kruskalwallis and Spearman Rank) are used to look for relationships between variables. Results: Age related to quality of life in the physical domain (p0.05), duration (long suffering from type-2 diabetes mellitus) was associated with quality of life in the physical domain (p0.01), stress had no relationship when associated with all quality-of-life domains. (p0.05). Conclusion: There is no relationship between stress and quality of life in type 2 DM patientsKeyword :Quality of Life DM type 2, Stress
The Effectivity of Murottal Al-Qur’an Exposure to Spermatogenesis of Male Mice (Mus musculus) with stress
Authors: Dianti Meilina Ratna , Mazidah Lilik Khoiriyatul , Ari Indrawijaya Yen Yen , Inayatilah Fidia Rizkiah
Published: February 2022

Introduction: Stress is the body's reaction to pressure from stressors; one of the stressors that can trigger stress is a noise stressor. Stress can disrupt the body's homeostasis system, one of the cycles of spermatogenesis. Murottal Al-Qur'an therapy listening can produce a response of relaxation and peace of mind to increase healing. Methods: The study was conducted on 25 healthy male mice aged 8-12 weeks grouped randomly into five groups. The positive control group is the normal group. The negative control group is given a 12-hour stressor. The treatment groups are given 12 hours and 1, 2, and 4 hours therapy. The treatment for each group was carried out for 21 days. Spermatogenesis of mice was observed through the number of primary spermatocytes cells and spermatid cells. It takes place during the preparation of testicular histology with Hematoxylin Eosin staining. Primary spermatocyte and spermatid counts were examined under a 40x magnification microscope. Results: Murottal Al-Qur'an therapy can affect the amount of primary spermatocyte cells (p-value = 0.000) and spermatids (p-value = 0,000) that are very significant. Conclusion: Murottal Al-Qur'an therapy can be used to increase the spermatogenesis of mice with stress. Keywords: Stress, Noise, Spermatogenesis, Murottal Al-Qur'an.
Gelişmeleri Kaçırma Korkusu (FoMO): Güncel Bir Derleme
Authors: TANHAN Fuat , ÖZOK Halil İbrahim , TAYİZ Volkan
Published: February 2022

Son zamanlarda, insanlar arası iletişim ve etkileşimin büyük çoğunluğunun internet ve mobil cihazlar aracılığıyla gerçekleştirilmesi ve yaygın sosyal medya kullanımı, insanlara belli avantajlar sağlamanın yanı sıra yeni olumsuzluklar da katmaktadır. Alan yazında Fear of Missing Out (FoMO) olarak adlandırılan, Türkçeye Gelişmeleri Kaçırma Korkusu (GKK) olarak geçen kaygı türü, bu olumsuzlukların birçoğunun altında yer alan önemli bir kavramdır. Bu kaygı türünün iyi anlaşılması, önleyici adımların atılması ve doğru müdahale çalışmalarının yapılması açısından, kuramsal çerçevesinin iyi şekilde ortaya konulması gerekmektedir. Bu bağlamda, bu çalışmanın amacı, konu üzerine kapsamlı bir kuramsal çalışma ortaya koymak, GKK'nin özellikle gençler ve genç yetişkinlerin eğitim, sosyal, ekonomik ve psikolojik hayatlarında önemli bir olumsuzluğa sahip olduğuna dikkat çekmek ve bu kavramın ne olduğunun, nedenlerinin, belirtilerinin, olumsuz etkilerinin ve nasıl mücadele edileceğinin bilinmesinin bu sorunla baş etmedeki önemi üzerine temel bir bakış açısı oluşturmaktır. Literatür taraması yapılarak ortaya konan bu çalışmada, konu üzerine yapılan ulusal ve uluslararası çalışmaların sonuçları derlenmiştir. Gelişmeleri Kaçırma Korkusu, başkalarının sahip olduğu heyecanlı ve görkemli hayatlarına yönelik internet aracılığıyla sürekli takip etme isteği ve buna yönelik sürekli endişe hali olarak tanımlanabilir. Bu korkunun sonuçları kadar nedenlerinin de anlaşılması, bu noktada önem arz etmektedir. Çalışma sonucunda, konunun iyi anlaşılması ve bu kapsamda atılacak adımlara yönelik neler yapılmasına dair öneriler yer almaktadır.
Titer Antibodi Sekunder Sebagai Respons Setelah Vaksinasi Aktif Penyakit Tetelo pada Ayam Petelur di Perean, Tabanan, Bali
Authors: Remontara Al Afuw Niha , Kencana Gusti Ayu Yuniati , Suartha I Nyoman
Published: February 2022

Penyakit tetelo atau Newcastle disease (ND) merupakan salah satu penyakit penting pada ayam yang sangat merugikan peternakan. Usaha pencegahan yang dilakukan salah satunya dengan jalan vaksinasi untuk meningkatkan derajat imunitas. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui respons imun ayam petelur pascavaksinasi tetelo. Penelitian dilakukan pada peternakan komersial di Desa Perean, Kabupaten Tabanan, Bali. Sampel penelitian sebanyak 20 ekor ayam petelur strain Novogen Brown yang diambil secara acak dari 100 ekor dan diberikan vaksin ND aktif strain lasota pada umur lima minggu melalui injeksi intramuskuler pada bagian otot paha (Musculus biceps brachii). Sampel darah diambil sebanyak lima kali, yaitu satu kali pravaksinasi dan empat kali pascavaksinasi. Cara pengambilan darah melalui pembuluh darah balik sayap (Vena Brachialis) dengan menggunakan disposable syringe volume 3 mL darah diambil sebanyak 1-2 mL. Darah dibiarkan beberapa jam hingga serumnya terpisah secara sempurna. Serum yang telah siap kemudian diuji serologi hemaglutination/hemaglutination inhibition (HA/HI). Data yang diperoleh dianalisis menggunakan sidik ragam dilanjutkan uji Duncan menggunakan SPSS (Statistical Package for the Social Sciences) versi 25. Penelitian ini dilakukan dari bulan Januari sampai Maret 2021 pada peternakan ayam petelur komersial di Desa Perean, Kabupaten Tabanan, serta pemeriksaan serologi dilakukan di Laboratorium Virologi, Fakultas Kedokteran Hewan, Universitas Udayana. Hasil penelitian terhadap respon imun sekunder ayam petelur pascavaksinasi tetelo aktif adalah titer antibodi ayam petelur terlihat naik secara signifikan sejak minggu ke-1 hingga minggu ke-4 dengan hasil titer minggu ke-1 yaitu 5,50 HI log 2, minggu ke-2 5,65 HI log 2, minggu ke-3 7,20 HI log 2, dan minggu ke-4 adalah 7,50 HI log 2. Periode pengambilan serum setiap minggu berpengaruh nyata terhadap peningkatan titer antibodi tetelo pascavaksinasi maka dari itu vaksin tetelo aktif strain lasota mampu menggertak pembentukan respon imun sekunder pascavaksinasi.
Aufbauprogramm Ost- und Südosteuropaforschung : Vorschläge an die Bundesregierung
Authors: Süssmuth Rita , Eichwede Wolfgang , Steindorff Ludwig , Haslinger Peter , Kempgen Sebastian , Udolph Ludger , Erler Gernot , Axt Heinz-Jürgen
Published: February 2022

Das Papier entstand 2007 als Gemeinschaftsprodukt verschiedener Verbände in einer Phase besonders starker Streichungen an Osteuropa-bezogenen Professuren in Deutschland und macht einen Vorschlag zum Ausbau der entsprechenden Kompetenzen in der Bundesrepublik.
The Impact of Service Quality Dimensions on Customer Satisfaction: Case Study of University Utara Malaysia
Authors: Ali Aree Mohammed , Doski Shivan A M , Saadon Aveen Idris
Published: February 2022

The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of service quality (reliability, empathy, tangibility, assurance, responsiveness) on customer satisfaction in University Utara Malaysia (Education Service). Each variable is measured using 7-point interval scale: reliability (6 items), empathy (6 items), tangibility (5 items), assurance (10 items), and responsiveness (5 items) on customer satisfaction (6 items). Using the primary data collection method, 160 questionnaires were distributed to postgraduate students inside University Utara Malaysia (Sintok Campus), in north Malaysia. The responses collected were 98 completed questionnaires representing with 61.25 % response rate. The data were analyzed using Structural equation modeling (SEM) using AMOS 7. Confirmatory factor analysis of measurement models indicates adequate goodness of fit after a few items were eliminated through modification indices verifications. Goodness of fit for the revised structural model shows adequate fit. This study has established five direct effects: (1) reliability customer satisfaction; (2) empathy and customer satisfaction; (3) tangibility and customer satisfaction; (4) assurance and customer satisfaction; (5) and responsiveness on customer satisfaction. And, this study concludes that all hypotheses have been asserted in the revised model.
Examining the Effect of Economic Collison
Authors: Ardhiani Fadila  , Pangestuti Dewi Cahyani
Published: February 2022

This study will examine the impact of economic collision on the non-performing financing in sharia bank in Indonesia. The current study adopts VAR/VECM method to examine inter variables correlation by testing an economic factors, including 1) Real GDP Growth, 2) Exchange Rate, 3) Inflation, 4) Interest Rate, and 5) IDX Composite. A total NPF of 14 Islamic Banks and 20 Sharia Business Units were selected as data samples from 2006 to 2020. The findings indicate that inflation positively impacts NPF in the short run and delivers the biggest shock to NPF. The result states that Inflation, Exchange rate, and Interest rate are the dominant factors to shock NPF in Islamic Banks. From the analysis results, the economic variables, i.e., GDP, exchange rates, inflation, interest rates, and the IDX Composite, provide a stable long-term relationship and, in the short term, adjust to each other to achieve a new balance in the long term.
FESTIVAL PEH CUN : PESTA MUSIM KEMARAU MASYARAKAT TIONGHOA DI KOTA TANGERANG
Authors: Qodariah Lelly , Rahmawati Melinda
Published: February 2022

The purpose of this research is to know a series of activities in Peh Cun Festival and the meaning of each procession carried out. The festival which is celebrated by Chinese Society in Tangerang has its own cultural and historical values. The Method used in this research is Explanative Qualitative Method with a generative approach that gives a detailed identification of a series of Peh Cun Festival celebrated by the Chinese Society and the meaning of the activity. This research used literature study analysis by comparing and studying several literacies such as textbooks, scientific journals and others related to Peh Cun Festival and the meaning of each process carried out. The results of this research are describes of a series of activities and meanings from the holding of the Peh Cun Festival. The conclusion of this research is The Peh Cun Festival is a summer festival celebrated by the Chinese Society with its own significance preserved as cultural heritage.
PEMERTAHANAN LEKSIKON DAN MAKNA KULTURAL MOTIF BATIK KEBUMEN SEBAGAI UPAYA PRESERVASI WARISAN BUDAYA BANGSA
Authors: Kristianingsih Yuli , Faidah Nur , Cahyani Yulia
Published: February 2022

Kebumen batik is not as widely known as batik from Jogja, Surakarta, and Pekalongan. This is due to several factors, such as marketing, age, and production imbalances. One way to preserve Kebumen batik is by describe and maintain lexicons and cultural meanings contained in batik in Gemeksekti Village, Kebumen Regency. Gemeksekti Village is one of the batik centers in Kebumen which has been named the village of Kebumen batik. The method used in writing this article is a descriptive qualitative method with literature review techniques. Based on the data obtained, there were 143 batik lexicons. The lexicons were 64 batik lexicons based on tools and materials, 31 batik lexicons based on the batik process, 48 batik lexicons based on motives. Batik motifs in Kebumen not only have philosophical value, but their depiction is also based on artistic value. Cultural values from several Kebumen batik motifs can be found in gringsing, sirikit, limaran, and ukel motifs. The lexicon findings can be made in to dictionaries and books containing batik motifs, explanation of motifs, pictures, and the history of Kebumen batik and other media. Both of them may be used as a means for introduction to the wider community and the preservation of Kebumen batik.
STRATEGI PENYEBARLUASAN ILMU HUKUM MELALUI SASTRA
Authors: Hapsari Murti Ayu , Murtini Murtini
Published: February 2022

Novels are one of the literary genres that utilize language. In this case, the use of language in literary or literature, according to Umar Kayam, is not about using it correctly or not, but rather whether or not that language appropriate for specific occasion. Likewise, legal science cannot separate itself from language in terms of its application. Language in law of legal filed has its own variety which often makes it difficult for people who are not directly involved in it to grasp its certain meanings. This is because language in law require that it can conveyed in a concrete, straightforward manner, so that it will not lead to many ambiguous interpretations. It can be said that the use of language form in these two domains is in very opposite direction. Novel written by Agus Sardjono, "Legal Research: A Novel on Legal Research Methods" tries to unravel these difficulties by using literary as tools specifically to facilitate students of university  in understanding and applying legal research methods. This paper will further describe the novel in two perspectives; legal point of view and literary point of view. The novel "Legal Research" proves that literature is a  very broad as a medium, that can be used to describe various field of expertise such as history, psychology, politics, including law.
INVENTARISASI CERITA RAKYAT KABUPATEN SUMBA TIMUR
Authors: Rambu Hada Enda Riwa , Bano Vidriana Oktoviana
Published: February 2022

This research is an inventory research, namely an inventory of the folklates in East Sumba which is increasingly being forgotten by the progress of the times which continues to grow towards the development of technology and information. With this inventory of East Sumba folktales, the younger generation will get to know the East Sumba folktales which contains cultural values and local wisdom that exist in East Sumba. The purpose of this research was to collect all the folktales that existed in all areas of East Sumba, wrote them in Indonesian which was easy to understand without leaving the moral values, culture and local wisdom in the stories. The method used in this research was descriptive inventory method. The results of this study were: (1) The folktales collected came from seven sub-districts in East Sumba, totaling 13 folktales; (2) This folktales consisted of five legends and six fairy tales, others were advices about marriage in East Sumba; (3) The legends that had been successfully inventoried were The Occurrence of the Tabundung and Tidahu rivers, the Origin of Sumba People, The origin of the name ‘Pallajawa’, The origin of Lake Waimolung, and the Origin of Tairi fish; (4) The fairy tales that were successfully inventoried were Umbu Ndilu and Rambu Kahi, Putri Sejunjung Hari, Umbu Hadu Hina, Naughty Monkey, Umbu Ndilu Ngguku and The Rooster.
ANALISIS SEMIOTIK RIFFATERRE PADA SYAIR LAGU MAN ANĀ KARYA AL-IMAM AL-HABIB UMAR MUHDHOR BIN ABDURRAHMAN ASSEGAF
Authors: Ukhrawiyah Faizetul , Kurniawati Fauziyah
Published: February 2022

This research aims to elaborate the meaning of message contained in lyrics of song entitled Man Anā by al-Imam al-Habib Umar Muhdhor bin Abdurrahman Assegaf based on semiotic analysis by Michael Riffaterre. This research is descriptive qualitative research. To collect data, researchers use reading and noting technique. Then to analyze data, researchers use Miles and Huberman model. The results of this research reveal that the lyrics of song entitled Man Anā in heuristic reading have scattered meanings and unified ideas. In hermeneutic reading, the potential hypogram produces the meaning of "I" expressing love and respect for "you" figure. The model in lyrics of this song is sentence man anā man anā laulākum and kaifa mā ḥubbukum kaifa mā ahwākum. This model produces a poetry matrix, which is about the position of teacher in front of students. The actual hypogram which became the background for the formation of this matrix is the words of Sayyidina Ali bin Abi Talib r.a. that there are six things that become provisions for a student to gain knowledge in learning, one of which is teacher guidance. So it is appropriate for a student to give great love and respect to his teacher.
Taper Material Loss in Total Hip Replacements
Authors: McCarty Colin P. , Park Sang-Hyun , Ho Nathan C. , Sangiorgio Sophia N. , Ebramzadeh Edward
Published: February 2022

Background:

Metal debris and corrosion products generated from the taper junctions of modular joint replacements have been recognized as contributors to failure. Therefore, understanding the factors associated with increased taper wear and corrosion is fundamental to improving implant performance.

Methods:

A cohort of 85 large-diameter metal-on-metal heads and cups retrieved at revision surgery, after 10 to 96 months of service, was evaluated. First, metrology was conducted to quantify head taper material loss and implant articular surface wear. Then, joint frictional moments for each retrieved head-and-cup pair were measured during 10 cycles of simulated physiological gait in a biomechanical model. Taper material loss was evaluated for correlations with frictional moments, articular wear, head diameter, head-cup clearance, and time in vivo.

Results:

Peak resultant frictional moments ranged from 9.1 to 26.3 Nm, averaging 17.3 ± 2.7 Nm. Fretting and corrosion damage during in vivo service resulted in material loss from the head tapers ranging between 0.04 and 25.57 mm3, compared with combined head and cup articular wear of 0.80 to 351.75 mm3 in this cohort. Taper material loss was not correlated with higher frictional moments (R = −0.20 to 0.11, p = 0.07 to 0.81). Higher frictional moments from axial rotation were correlated with higher head and cup wear (R = 0.33, p < 0.01). The correlation between taper material loss and head diameter was weak and did not reach statistical significance (R = 0.20, p = 0.07). Taper material loss was not correlated with nominal head-cup clearance (R = 0.06, p = 0.6). Finally, taper material loss increased significantly over time (R = 0.34, p < 0.01).

Conclusions:

Despite serious concerns regarding trunnionosis, volumes of head taper wear were generally lower than those of articular surface wear. There was no statistical correlation between taper wear and frictional moments. Therefore, the results suggest that high friction in metal-on-metal implants does not contribute to higher material loss at the head taper, despite high bending moments.

Clinical Relevance:

The amount of metal debris and corrosion products from taper junctions of the joint arthroplasties, widely recognized as an insidious cause of failure, was not correlated with joint frictional moments. Multiple factors affect taper wear: implant design, material, size, surface finish, and patient weight and activity level. However, in the present cohort, high friction of metal-on-metal total hip replacements likely did not contribute to increased volume of material loss at taper interfaces, despite increased moments at the locations of taper material loss.
The Role of the Family in Internalizing Islamic Values
Authors: Ikhwan Afiful , Biantoro Oktio Frenki , Rohmad Ali
Published: February 2022

Education is a conscious and planned effort that is applied to shape the character of a child who is characteristically and adheres to Islamic values in daily life. Thus the role of the family in providing education to children is very urgent to be applied in today's society which experiences moral decadence. The concept of religious values in children developed is the values of rabbaniyah and values of insanity. The steps of family involvement in internalizing ethical values in children are carried out through the stages of value transformation, value transactions, value internalization, and transcendalization of benefits by developing aspects of knowing, doing, and being. The element of knowledge is done by giving insight to children about religious values. The point of doing is made by guiding children. The aspect of being is done by providing an example to children. The three processes are not only carried out in schools but also carried out in the family with the guidance of parents. Also, in the process develops the concept of moral (moral knowing), honest attitude (good feeling), and ethical behaviour (moral behaviour).
Pesantren as the Basis of Development of Political Ideology in the Digital Era
Authors: Rahawarin Zainal A.
Published: February 2022

This study aims to investigate the role of Islamic boarding schools as the basis for developing political ideology in the digital era. The research design used is a qualitative approach. The research location is in Ambon, Indonesia. This research was conducted in 2 Islamic boarding schools with 2 pesantren caregivers, and 10 ustadz at the two Islamic boarding schools. Data were collected through observation, interviews, and documentation that focused on three themes, namely the role of Islamic boarding schools, political ideology, and the digital era. The findings in this study reveal that the role of Islamic boarding schools contributes to the strengthening of political ideology in the digital era. The role of the pesantren is carried out through the khalaqoh contained in the pesantren. Khalaqoh is in the form of khalaqoh toriqoh, and also in the form of khalaqoh organization. The perpetrators of the development of political ideology revealed in this study were carried out by the Kyai, as well as the ustadz who was trusted by the Kyai to be badals or substitutes. The development of political ideology through activities in the toriqoh congregation and also the organization's congregation was fairly high. Meanwhile, the weaknesses found in the political ideologicalization by pesantren are not prioritizing the literacy side where the santri and the congregation in the context of ideological politicization tend to be passive. The role of Islamic boarding schools in the digital era continues to contribute to the community to increase their capacity as contributors to the development of political ideology.
Prevalence of Oncogenic Human Papillomavirus in Pregnant Adolescents, Association With Colpocytological Changes, Risk Factors and Obstetric Outcomes
Authors: de Souza Henrique Diório , Waismann Adriana Lippi , Diório Giselle Rodrigues Mota , Peres Stela Verzinhasse , Francisco Rossana Pulcineli Vieira , Galletta Marco Aurélio Knippel
Published: February 2022

Purpose: We aim to carry out an investigation on the impact of cervical oncogenic human papillomavirus (HPV) infection in pregnant adolescents, to clarify the prevalence and risk factors, considering the importance and lack of data on this topic in Brazil.Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted with adolescents receiving specialized prenatal care in a tertiary hospital in São Paulo, Brazil. On the first prenatal visit, were performed an oncotic colpocytological exam and an oncogenic-HPV assessment of the uterine cervix. We sought the association these exams with demographic and obstetric variables.Results: A total of 303 pregnant adolescents whose mean age was 15.30 ± 1.22 years comprised the study subjects. The prevalence of high-risk HPV cervical infection was 50.50%. Multivariate analysis revealed that a large number of partners in their lifetime (OR=1.268) and having a religion (OR=2.054) were risk factors for oncogenic HPV-caused cervical infection, while schooling appeared as a protective factor (OR=0.847). There was an association between Oncogenic HPV infection and colpocytological alterations, reaching almost 30% of patients. There was no association between Oncogenic HPV infection and obstetric outcomesConclusion: The prevalence found is one of the highest in Brazil and worldwide. A greater number of partners during their lifetime and having religion were detected as possible factors associated with cervical HPV infection. The findings of this study reinforce the need to implement measures of health education and prevention capable of modifying the incidence of cytopathological cervical lesions and of uterine cervix cancer in this population.
Analysis of households’ vulnerability to food insecurity in the face of climate variability: Evidence from North Shewa Zone, Amhara Region, Ethiopia
Authors: bezu debebe cheber , Beyene Fekadu , Haji Jema , Lemma Tesfaye
Published: February 2022

Most studies conducted in Ethiopia have given attention to the study of static food insecurity with no concern on vulnerability to food insecurity. An understanding of vulnerability to food insecurity is critically important to inform the formulation of policies and strategies to enhance food security and reduce vulnerability to food insecurity among households. Thus, this study examined the level of households’ vulnerability to food insecurity and its determinants in North Shewa zone of Ethiopia using cross-sectional data collected from 382 sample households. The vulnerability of households to food insecurity was estimated using vulnerability as expected poverty approach. The factors which influenced vulnerability to food insecurity were analyzed using logistic regression model. Accordingly, based on the intensity of their vulnerability, households were grouped as chronic food insecure (43.72%), transient food insecure (12.57%), highly vulnerable-food secure (16.23%), and low vulnerable-food secure (27.49%). Overall, about 75.51% of households were categorized as vulnerable to food insecurity. These included households who were food insecure at the time of the survey (56.28%) and those who were categorized as transient food secure group (16.23%). In addition, logistic regression model results revealed that extension service, early warning information, agricultural technology, and crop diversity were the major factors affecting (negatively) households’ vulnerability to food insecurity. On the other hand, sex, rainfall variability and drought have increased the probability of being vulnerable to food insecurity. The findings imply that design and implementation of food insecurity policies and strategies need to focus not only on households that are currently food insecure, but also on those categorized as transient food insecure or households that are more likely to be food insecure in the near future.
Foreign Capital Flows And Economic Globalization On Financial Development Dynamics: A Comparative Evidence On Top And Bottom Remittance And FDI-Receiving Regions With New Policy Insights
Authors: Pal Shreya
Published: February 2022

In the perspective of Mishkin, (2009) hypothesis, this study is encouraged to investigate the consequences of remittance and FDI, which is a part of economic globalization, on financial development dynamics (financial institutions and markets) in the top (Europe and Central Asia) and bottom (Sub Saharan Africa) remittance and FDI receiving developing regions by using the balanced panel data from 1984-2020. We used Institutional quality, economic growth, inflation, and government investment as control variables in the financial development dynamics function. The findings from FMOLS and DOLS indicate that institutional quality is a pillar for growing economic globalization and financial development globally. This concept satisfies the Mishkin, (2009) Hypothesis. The long-run partial elasticity of financial development positively enhances the remittance, FDI, and economic globalization for both panel regions. From a policy perspective, we propose that all developing countries should utilize domestic financial sources for consumption purpose. For that, a strong regulatory and supervisory framework requires to implement to each country which helps to minimizes financial stability risks. Ultimately FDI and remittance with favourable regulations, especially financial market regulations, will assist to fully utilize the benefits of the spill over effects of foreign flows at their maximum level.JEL codes: F24; F60; G10; G20; C33; O18
Nexus Between Foreign Direct Investment And Manufacturing Output In India: An ARDL Approach
Authors: Jena Pratap Kumar , Sahoo Runu Lata
Published: February 2022

In view of the importance of foreign direct investment (FDI) on the growth of manufacturing output, this paper examines the nexus between FDI and manufacturing output in India using the autoregressive distributed lag (ARDL) bound test. The empirical results indicate that a high positive correlation presents between FDI and manufacturing output during the study period. The ARDL bound test results indicate the existence of a long-run relationship between FDI and manufacturing output in the study period. The ARDL-VECM model suggests the existence of short-run relationship between the two variables. In view of the fact that the manufacturing sector is one of the important sectors in India for employment and economic growth, there must be policy implication by the government to boost the manufacturing output in the country. JEL Classification: C22, F31, O47
Unpacking the ‘Black Box of Horrendousness’: A Qualitative Exploration of the Barriers and Facilitators to Conducting Trials Involving Adults Lacking Capacity to Consent
Authors: Shepherd Victoria , Hood Kerenza , Wood Fiona
Published: February 2022

Background
Trials involving adults who lack capacity to consent encounter a range of ethical and methodological challenges, resulting in these populations frequently being excluded from research. Currently, there is little evidence regarding the nature and extent of these challenges, nor strategies to improve the design and conduct of such trials. This qualitative study explored researchers’ and healthcare professionals’ experiences of the barriers and facilitators to conducting trials involving adults lacking capacity to consent.
Methods
Semi-structured interviews were conducted remotely with 26 researchers and healthcare professionals with experience in a range of roles, trial populations and settings across the UK. Data were analysed using thematic analysis.
Results
A number of inter-related barriers and facilitators were identified and mapped against key trial processes including during trial design decisions, navigating ethical approval, assessing capacity, identifying and involving alternative decision-makers, and when revisiting consent. Three themes were identified: 1) the perceived and actual complexity of trials involving adults lacking capacity, 2) importance of having access to appropriate support and resources, and 3) need for building greater knowledge and expertise to support future trials. Barriers to trials included the complexity of the legal frameworks, the role of gatekeepers, a lack of access to expertise and training, and the resource-intensive nature of these trials. The ability to conduct trials was facilitated by having prior experience with these populations, effective communication between research teams, public involvement contributions, and the availability of additional data to inform the trial. Participants also identified a range of context-specific recruitment issues and highlighted the importance of ‘designing in’ flexibility and the use of adaptive strategies which were especially important for trials during the COVID-19 pandemic. Participants identified a need for better training and support.
Conclusions
Researchers encountered a number of barriers, including both generic and context or population-specific challenges, which may be reinforced by wider factors such as resource limitations and knowledge deficits. Greater access to expertise and training, and the development of supportive interventions and tailored guidance, is urgently needed in order to build research capacity in this area and facilitate the successful delivery of trials involving this under-served population.
Reliability and Validity of Depression Anxiety Stress Scale (DASS)-21 in Screening Common Mental Disorders Among Postpartum Women in Malawi
Authors: Moya Ernest , Larson Leila M. , Stewart Robert C. , Fisher Jane , Mwangi Martin N. , Phiri Kamija S.
Published: February 2022

Background:Approximately one in five women who have recently gave birth suffer from some form of common mental disorder (CMD) particularly depression and/or anxiety.Most available CMD screening tools in most lowand middle income countries do not screen for more than one mental health problem. Having a screening tool that is free to use, short in assessment time and used to screen for more than one CMD is appealing in a resource constrained setting. This study aimed at assessing the reliability and validity of the Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scale-21 items (DASS-21) for screeningCMDsexperienced by women who have recently given birth in Malawi.Method: We used the gold-standard design for scale validation of comparing the responses to the Chichewa translated and adapted DASS-21 instrument with an independently administered Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV (SCID). Internal reliability was reported using Cronbach’s alpha coefficient. The ability of DASS-21 and Edinburgh Postpartum Depression Scale (EPDS) to discriminate cases from non-cases was assessed by receiver operating characteristics (ROC) analysis and its curve was used to select cut-off points for DASS-21 and EPDS that maximise both sensitivity and specificity. Results: The overall Cronbach’s alpha for DASS-21 scale was 0.74. The internal consistency for DASS-21 depression subscale, anxiety subscale and stress subscale were 0.66, 0.29 and 0.52 respectively. The area under the ROC curve was 0.76 (95% CI: 0.6086; 0.9102) for DASS-21 depression subscale (DASS-D) and 0.65 for DASS-21 anxiety subscale (DASS-A). At a cut-off point of one or more, the sensitivity and specificity for DASS-D was 69.2% and 75.5% whilst DASS-A was 52.9% and 75.5% respectively. Pearson correlation coefficient for the association between DASS-D and EPDS was r = 0.61, p<0.001.Conclusion: DASS-21 as an overall item has good internal reliability but none of its subscales (DASS-D, DASS-A, DASS-S) have satisfactory internal reliability.
Artificial Intelligence for the prediction of Acute Kidney Injury during the perioperative period: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Diagnostic Test Accuracy
Authors: Zhang Hanfei , Wang Amanda Y , Wu Shukun , Ngo Johnathan , Feng Yunlin , He Xin , Zhang Yingfeng , Wu Xingwei , Hong Daqing
Published: February 2022

Background
Acute kidney injury (AKI) is independently associated with morbidity and mortality in a wide range of surgical settings. Nowadays, with the increasing use of electronic health records (EHR), advances in patient information retrieval, and cost reduction in clinical informatics, artificial intelligence is increasingly being used to improve early recognition and management for perioperative AKI. However, there is no quantitative synthesis of the performance of these methods.
Objective
To estimate the sensitivity and specificity of artificial intelligence for the prediction of acute kidney injury during the perioperative period.
Methods
Pubmed, Embase, and Cochrane Library were searched to 2nd October 2021. Studies presenting diagnostic performance of artificial intelligence in the early detection of perioperative acute kidney injury were included. Two independent evaluators extracted data. The risk of bias of eligible studies was assessed using the PROBAST tool.
Results
Nineteen studies involving 304,076 patients were included. Quantitative random-effects meta-analysis using the Rutter and Gatsonis hierarchical summary receiver operating characteristics (HSROC) model revealed pooled sensitivity, specificity, and diagnostic odds ratio of 0.77 (95% CI: 0.73 to 0.81),0.75 (95% CI: 0.71 to 0.80), and 10.7 (95% CI 8.5 to 13.5), respectively. Threshold effect was found to be the only source of heterogeneity, and there was no evidence of publication bias.
Conclusions
Our review demonstrates the promising performance of artificial intelligence for early prediction of perioperative AKI. Further studies should focus on the improvement of existing models, novel biomarkers, and clinical effectiveness.
Temperature and Interspecific Competition Alter the Impacts of Two Invasive Species on a Key Ecosystem Process
Authors: Carvalho Francisco , Sousa Ronaldo , Cássio Fernanda , Pascoal Cláudia
Published: February 2022

Climate change is expected to alter impacts of invasive alien species (IAS). As omnivorous and ectotherms, invasive crayfish species (ICS) can be particularly influenced by altered thermal regimes with possible impacts on native species and key ecosystem processes, such as leaf-litter breakdown. We performed a controlled study using a multi-trophic approach to assess the individual and combined effects between two ICS (Pacifastacus leniusculus and Procambarus clarkii) on leaf-litter breakdown under temperature increase (15 and 18ºC). We used one or two species combinations of ICS (2-individuals per aquarium) and 3-individuals of a native invertebrate detritivore (Sericostoma sp.) trapped inside a transparent cage and a fine-mesh bag containing microbially-colonized oak leaves. Oak leaves were added to assess direct and indirect impacts of crayfish on leaf-litter breakdown and fine particulate organic matter (FPOM) production. Leaf-litter breakdown by microbes and Sericostoma was affected by temperature but not by the influence of ICS. Increasing temperature enhanced leaf-litter breakdown and FPOM production by P. clarkii, but not by P. leniusculus. At 15ºC, leaf breakdown was lower in treatments with both ICS than the expected from their individual performances, indicating competitive interactions between crayfish species. FPOM production was significantly correlated with leaf-litter breakdown but not in treatments with both ICS. Our results highlight that competitive interactions between ICS may occur and potentially attenuate their impacts on key ecological processes. However, predicted increases in temperature may change the performance of IAS and increase the magnitude of their combined effects.
Relationship Between Mental Health Disorder Symptoms and Negative Cancer Perceptions Among U.S. Adults
Authors: Fwelo Pierre , Adzrago David , Adekunle Ayooluwatomiwa D. , Adekunle Toluwani E. , Akinlo Ambrose , Perkinson William B.
Published: February 2022

Purpose
Although much emphasis has been placed on the impact of ambiguity on cognitive processes, the impact of mental health disorder symptoms and racial/ethnic disparities in cancer perception of fatalism and ambiguity remains less explored. This study explored the association between mental health disorder symptoms and negative cancer perceptions. Also, we assessed differences in these outcomes within mental health disorder symptoms and racial/ethnic subgroups.
Methods
We used the 2019-2020 Health Information National Trends Survey data to assess the perception of cancer fatalism and cancer communication ambiguity, and employed weighted multivariable logistic regression to determine the effects of mental health disorder symptoms on these negative cancer perceptions.
Results
People with moderate [Adjusted Odds Ratio (AOR)= 1.58, 95% Confidence Interval (CI)= 1.09, 2.31] and severe anxiety/depression (AOR= 1.88, 95% CI= 1.12, 3.14) symptoms were more likely to have cancer fatalism perceptions than people with no anxiety/depression symptoms. People with mild (AOR= 1.33, 95% CI= 1.06, 1.69) or severe (AOR= 1.80, 95% CI= 1.03, 3.16) anxiety/depression symptoms were more likely to perceive cancer communication as ambiguous compared to people who had no anxiety/depression symptoms.
Conclusions
The study showed that mental health status was associated with both cancer fatalism perception and perceived ambiguity in cancer recommendations. This suggests that interventions aimed at reducing mental health disorder symptoms may potentially reduce perceived cancer fatalism and communication ambiguity, thereby improving participation in cancer prevention programs.
GRWR Correlates with the Metabolism of Tacrolimus After Pediatric Living Donor Liver Transplantation Accorrding to Donor CYP3A5 Polymorphism
Authors: Wan Ping , hou yuchen , Qiu Bijun , Feng Mingxuan , Yang Taihua , Luo Yi , Xia Lei , Chen Xiaosong , Zhang Jianjun , Xue Feng , Xia Qiang
Published: February 2022

Objectives: Tacrolimus is characterized by high pharmacokinetic variability in combination with a narrow therapeutic range. However, influence of donor CYP3A5 genotype and graft-to-recipient body weight ratio (GRWR) on tacrolimus’ pharmacokinetics after pediatric living donor liver transplantation (LDLT) remains unclear. Methods: A total of 174 LDLT recipients (<6y) were grouped according to donor CYP3A5 genotypes [non-expressor (NEX) or expressor (EX)] and GRWR [<3.0% (SFS, small-for-size) or ≥3.0% (LFS, large-for-size)]: SFS/NEX (n=40), SFS/EX (n=38), LFS/NEX (n=48) and LFS/EX (n=48). Pharmacokinetics of tacrolimus and clinical outcomes were analyzed. Results: Tacrolimus C0 levels varied greatly among groups, although recipients started with the same initial dosage. LFS/EX recipients had significantly lower C0 levels in comparison with those of other groups. The use of CYP3A5-EX grafts and a greater GRWR both resulted in significantly higher TAC dose requirements and lower C/D ratios. However, the significance of GRWR no longer exists 3 months after transplantation. The multivariate generalized linear mixed model analysis showed that donor CYP3A5 genotypes (F=11.876, P=0.01) and GRWR (F=4.631 P=0.033) were independent impact factors for C/D ratios 3, 7, 14 and 30 days after transplantation. Donor CYP3A5-EX genotype was associated with significantly increasing risks of infectious complications and significantly lower Cylex ATP values. However, no significant difference was observed in acute rejections among 4 groups. Conclusions: Monitoring of C0 levels alone is not reliable to guide tacrolimus administration. Donor CYP3A5 and GRWR both significantly affect tacrolimus pharmacokinetics after pediatric LDLT. The use of Cylex ATP tests would be helpful to avoid overimmunosuppression.
Three-Dimensional In-Situ Imaging of Single-Grain Growth in Polycrystalline Films
Authors: Dzhigaev Dmitry , Repecaud Pierre-Alexis , Smirnov Yury , Marçal Lucas , Fevola Giovanni , Sheyfer Dina , Jeangros Quentin , Cha Wonsuk , Harder Ross , Mikkelsen Anders , Wallentin Jesper , Morales-Masis Monica , Stuckelberger Michael
Published: February 2022

Strain and interactions at grain boundaries during solid-phase crystallization are known to play a significant role in the functional properties of polycrystalline materials. However, elucidating three-dimensional nanoscale grain morphology, kinetics, and strain under realistic conditions is challenging. Here, we image a single-grain growth during the amorphous-to-polycrystalline transition in technologically relevant transparent conductive oxide (TCO) film of In2O3:Zr with in-situ Bragg coherent X-ray diffraction imaging and transmission electron microscopy. We find that the
Johnson-Mehl-Avrami-Kolmogorov theory, which describes the average kinetics of polycrystalline films growth, can be applied to the single grains as well. The quantitative analysis stems directly from imaging results. We elucidate the interface-controlled nature of the single-grain growth in thin films and reveal the surface strains which may be a driving force for anisotropic crystallization rates. Our results bring in-situ imaging with coherent X-rays towards understanding and controlling the crystallization processes of TCOs and other polycrystalline materials at the nanoscale.
Genetic diversity analysis of different populations of Epimedium koreanum Nakai (Berberidaceae) based on inter simple sequence repeat molecular markers
Authors: Guo Kun , Wang YingZhe , Meng FangFang , Rong LuSheng , Xiao JingLei , Jiang DaCheng
Published: February 2022

As one of the medicinal herbs recorded in the Chinese Pharmacopoeia, Epimedium koreanum is a traditional and edible herbal plant with important medicinal and economic values in China. Currently, the plant is harvested in the wild to meet the market demand because of the poor cultivation strategies of E. koreanum, and it has been collected without restriction for a long time, leading to a large reduction of wild resources. The study of genetic diversity of wild populations of E. koreanum would be beneficial for the conservation and development of this species. This study was aimed at analyzing the genetic diversity of 134 plant samples from 14 wild populations in the Jilin and Liaoning Provinces using seven selected primers from inter simple sequence repeat (ISSR) markers. The results showed that E. koreanum had a high level of genetic diversity and genetic variation intra population rather than inter population, with low gene flow between populations (Ht=0.3034, Hs=0.2189, Gst=0.2784, Nm=1.2960). The above results obtained from the POPGENE software analysis were in general agreement with the AMOVA analysis. A total of 14 E. koreanum populations were classified into two major taxa and five subclassifications. The Mantel test showed a low correlation between genetic and geographic distances. Based on these genetic results, conservation strategies considering the genetic diversity of E. koreanum are needed for areas with low genetic diversity, such as the establishment of nature reserves and appropriate artificial cultivation to maintain the population size.
Effects of Different Polystyrene Concentrations on the Bioaccumulation of As, Cd, and Pb in Ruditapes Philippinarum
Authors: Gao Zhen , Sun Zhe , Wang Deyi , jia yuyu
Published: February 2022

Microplastics constitute a new type of environmental pollutant with a particle size of less than 5 mm that can combine with heavy metals to enter organisms such as clams, and the impact of the combination of microplastics and heavy metals on the marine organism Ruditapes philippinarum remains unclear. Therefore, this problem is analyzed the effects of different concentrations (0, 0.1, 1, 5, and 10% w/w) of polystyrene (PS) and three heavy metals (arsenic (As), cadmium (Cd), and lead (Pb)) (20 and 200 µg/L) on the bioaccumulation of the heavy metals in clams, and the effects of time for PS (0, 1, and 5%)-bound As, Cd, and Pb (ACP). We found that different concentrations of PS exerted different effects on the absorption of heavy metals by clams. A low concentration of PS (0.1%, 1%) inhibited heavy-metal bioaccumulation, while a high concentration of PS (5%, 10%) promoted their accumulation. Whether or not PS was added, the concentration of As, Cd, and Pb in clams increased with time. The relative amount bioaccumulated in clams was As > Cd > Pb, and we demonstrated a correlation between the concentration of heavy metals in clams and the concentration of PS in seawater. When exposed to a low concentration of PS, the concentrations of As and Cd in clams diminished with the concentration of PS in sea water; and when exposed to high concentrations of PS, the concentrations of Cd and Pb in clams appeared also to be reduced with increasing PS concentrations.