bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Molecular switches regulating the potency and immune evasiveness of SARS-CoV-2 spike protein
Authors: Wan Yushun , Huang Linfen , Zhang Xiujuan , Shang Jian , Perlman Stanley , Du Lanying , Li Fang
Published: July 2021

What enabled SARS-CoV-2, but not other coronaviruses, to cause a global pandemic? Here we investigated key structural determinants of the pandemic. Using SARS-CoV-1 and bat RaTG13-CoV as comparisons, we identified two molecular switches that regulate the conformations of SARS-CoV-2 spike protein: (i) a furin motif loop turns SARS-CoV-2 spike from a closed conformation to a mixture of open and closed conformations, and (ii) a K417V mutation turns SARS-CoV-2 spike from mixed conformations to an open conformation. We showed that the open conformation favors viral potency by exposing the RBD for receptor binding and viral entry, while the closed conformation supports viral immune evasion by hiding the RBD from neutralizing antibodies. Hence SARS-CoV-2 spike has evolved to reach a balance between potency and immune evasiveness, which contributes to the pandemic spread of SARS-CoV-2.The dynamics between viral potency and invasiveness is likely to further evolve, providing insights into future evolution of SARS-CoV-2.
Türkiye’deki İllerin Partikül Madde (PM10) Miktarının Değerlendirilmesi ve R Programlama Dili ile Görselleştirilmesi
Authors: ATALAY İbrahim Edibali , NESLİHANOĞLU Serdar
Published: July 2021

Hava kirliliği konusunda etkin bir madde olan partikül madde (PM10) miktarı Türkiye’deki verilerinin etkin bir şekilde anlaşılabilir olması için son yıllardaki teknolojik gelişmelerinde katkısıyla birlikte araştırmacılara ileri düzeyde animasyon temelli veri görselleştirmelerin yapılabilmesini amaçlanmıştır. Bu amaç doğrultuşunda R programlama dilindeki “ggplot2” paketi temelli olarak Türkiye haritasının simülasyonlarının animasyonları ilk olarak bu araştırmada oluşturulmuştur. Bu kapsamda, 2014-2018 yılları arasındaki yıllık frekansa sahip Türkiye’nin iller ve ilçeler bazında PM10 miktarı verileri tercih edilmiş ve animasyonları oluşturulmuştur. Animasyon görselleştirmeleri incelendiğinde Türkiye geneli iller bazında PM10 miktarlarının, incelenen yılın Türkiye ortalamasına yakın değerlere sahip olduğu gözlemlenmiştir. Ayrıca, Türkiye ortalaması üzerinde ölçüm değerleri bulunan illerin PM10 miktarlarının yıllara göre azalmasına rağmen Türkiye ortalaması üzerindeki ölçüm değerlerinin devam ettiği gözükmektedir. Bu durumun bir sonucu olarak insan sağlığı ve çevreyi tehdit eden risklerden birisi olan partikül madde kirliliğinin temiz hava eylem planı oluşturularak sürekli ölçüm ve değerlendirmeler yapılarak önlemlerin alınmasının gerekliliği ortaya çıkmıştır. Bu çalışmada geliştirilen ileri düzey animasyon görselleştirmelerinin farklı frekanslardaki animasyonları ile daha etkin anlaşılabilir olması sağlanarak araştırmacılara veri görselleştirme alanında farklı bir bakış açısı sunulmuştur.
Implementasi Algoritma Bellman-Ford untuk Pencarian Jalur Terpendek Menuju Rumah Sakit di Kota Yogya Berbasis Android
Authors: Setiawan Rendy , Santosa R. Gunawan , Tampubolon Junius Karel
Published: July 2021

Kota Yogyakarta merupakan Kota Pelajar dan Kota Wisata. Banyak wisatawan maupun pelajar yang datang ke Kota Yogyakarta untuk belajar dan berlibur. Tetapi banyak dari pendatang tersebut yang tidak tahu mengenai lokasi dari rumah sakit di Kota Yogyakarta. Penelitian ini akan mencoba membuat aplikasi pencarian jalur terpendek menuju rumah sakit menggunakan algoritma Bellman-Ford berbasis Android. Algoritma Bellman-Ford merupakan salah satu algoritma untuk pencarian jalur terpendek. Dalam prosesnya, penulis mengambil data berupa koordinat jalan dan koordinat rumah sakit, lalu membuatnya menjadi satu kesatuan graf. Setelah mendapatkan graf, penulis menggunakan algoritma Bellman-Ford untuk mencari jalur terpendek.  Hasil pencarian jalur terpendek akan dibandingkan dengan hasil pencarian dari Google Maps. Pengujian pencarian jalur terpendek dilakukan sebanyak 20 kali dan berhasil dilakukan dan menunjukan bahwa algoritma Bellman-Ford mampu memberikan jalur terpendek yang sama sebesar 80% dengan Google Maps, bahkan rata-rata jarak yang dikeluarkan lebih baik sebanyak 30.2m dibanding dengan rata-rata jarak yang dikeluarkan Google Maps. Pengujian ini juga menemukan bahwa semakin banyak jumlah verteks dan edge dalam data akan mempengaruhi lama proses algoritma untuk mencari jalur terpendek karena algoritma Bellman-Ford harus mengecek setiap verteks dan edge.
DESIGNING LIFE AND CAREER SKILLS-INTEGRATED SPEAKING SYLLABUSES FOR ENGLISH LANGUAGE EDUCATION STUDY PROGRAM
Authors: Zuwanda Muhammad Eka , Sumarni Sri , Sulistyaningrum Siti Drivoka
Published: July 2021

Life and Career Skills (LCS) are already considered to be the essential skills to get equipped by the next generation in anticipating and facing complex challenges in life and work environment in the 21st century era. In preparing skillful and compatible next-generation, the educational institution has a responsibility to evolve fast by addressing the 21st century-skills into educational systems such as curriculum or syllabuses. In other hands, speaking skill has become a skill which is significant to master in utilizing language properly in various social context so that it has a function in understanding, composing, or interacting expressions, ideas, and opinion. Therefore, this study aims to design Life and Career Skills-integrated speaking syllabuses for ELESP by conducting a need analysis of Life and Career Skills towards nineteen syllabuses for speaking courses from six universities in Indonesia. The analysis is carried out by employing LCS indicators which are developed from some frameworks or theories of LCS proposed by the National Association of Colleges and Employers (NACE) (2019), Binkley et al. (2012), and Partnership for 21st Century Skills (P21) (2009). The design of this study is Design and Development Research (DDR) proposed by Ellis & Levi (2010); and Gall & Borg (2003) and qualitative descriptive as a research method used in this study. The findings reveal that Life and Career Skills have been integrated implicitly and explicitly into speaking syllabuses which appear mostly in syllabus components such as Course Description, Learning Objectives, Learning Outcomes, Materials, Teaching Methods, Learning Media, Assessment/Evaluation, and Course Policy. Oral/Written Communication and Critical Thinking competencies are the main LCS-indicators which are highly addressed in the existing speaking syllabuses. This study sets for the procedure of LCS integration and the design of Life and Career Skills-integrated speaking syllabuses; Speaking for General Purposes, Speaking for Professional Purposes, and Speaking for Academic Purposes. A skill-based syllabus is referred to design the proposed syllabuses.
General Accuracy and General Error Factors in Metacognitive Monitoring and the Role of Time on Task in Predicting Metacognitive Judgments
Authors: Gutierrez de Blume Antonio P. , Schraw Gregory , Kuch Fred , Richmond Aaron S
Published: July 2021

Gutierrez et al. (2016) conducted an experiment that provided evidence for the existence of two distinct factors in metacognitive monitoring: general accuracy and general error. They found level-1 domain-specific accuracy and error factors which loaded on second-order domain-general accuracy and error factors, which then loaded on a third-order general monitoring factor. In the present study, that experiment was repeated with 170 different participants from the same population. The present study confirmed the original findings. Both studies suggest that metacognitive monitoring consists of two different types of cognitive processes: one that is associated with accurate monitoring judgments and one that is associated with error in monitoring judgments. In addition, both studies suggest domain-specific accuracy and error factors which load onto second-order domain-general accuracy and error factors. Furthermore, in this study we devised an experiment in which general accuracy and general error are treated as separate latent dimensions and found that subjects employ the same resources they use to develop accurate judgments as a “baseline” for calibrating resources necessary in erroneous judgments, but not vice-versa. This finding supports and extends previous findings which suggests that the processes involved in managing metacognitive accuracy are different from those involved in contending with metacognitive error. Future instructional interventions in metacognitive monitoring will be better focused by concentrating on improving accuracy or reducing error, but not both concurrently.
Predominance of blaTEM and tetA genes in antibiotic-resistant Escherichia coli isolates from Laguna Lake, Philippines
Authors: Salvador-Membreve Daile Meek , Rivera Windell L.
Published: July 2021

Lakes are one of the sinks of antibiotic-resistant bacteria (ARB) and antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs); however, information on ARB and ARGs in lakes in the Philippines is scarce. In this study, Escherichia coli was isolated from the largest freshwater lake in the Philippines, Laguna Lake, to detect antibiotic resistance and the presence of ARGs. Broth microdilution assay (BMA) and molecular identification of five environmentally prevalent ARGs (strA, blaCTX-M, blaSHV, blaTEM, and tetA) were performed. The majority (75.70%) of the isolates harbored at least one of the targeted antibiotic genes. Multiplex PCR detected about 49.07% of the isolates had genes for extended-spectrum β-lactamases (ESBL), which were mostly represented by blaTEM (47.66%). The genes strA and tetA were observed in this study with detection frequencies of 29.91 and 45.33%, respectively. About 95.69% of thermotolerant E. coli isolates were non-susceptible to six different antibiotics using BMA. Nearly 37% of the isolates were found to be multidrug-resistant (MDR) with most isolates resistant to ampicillin (81.72%). Furthermore, the occurrence of ESBL genes was significantly correlated with tetA genes (P = 0.013). To date, this study is the first to report on the presence of MDR and thermotolerant E. coli in Laguna Lake, Philippines.
Polymeric Nanoparticles for Transdermal Delivery of Polyphenols
Authors: Singh Somnath , Vittala Murthy Namratha Turuvekere , Paul Sagar Kumar , Chauhan Harsh
Published: July 2021

Polyphenols comprise a large group of naturally occurring plant secondary metabolites
with various nutritional and health benefits. They are safe and are found abundantly in the diet. Current
research on polyphenols focuses on their mechanism and their benefits on human health. However,
due to their low solubility and bioavailability, delivery from the conventional route has been
a challenge and their translation into clinical applications has been limited. Topical and transdermal
delivery of polymeric nanoparticles will act as a novel therapeutic approach for promising delivery
of polyphenols. In this review, we have evaluated the existing scientific literature and summarized
the potential use of polymeric nanoparticles as a carrier for polyphenolic compounds for
delivery via topical and transdermal routes for the treatment of skin cancers such as melanoma.
Simvastatin Nanoparticles Loaded Polymeric Film as a Potential Strategy
for Diabetic Wound Healing: In Vitro and In Vivo Evaluation
Authors: Siddique Muhammad Irfan , Tufail Saima , Sarfraz Muhammad , Sohail Muhammad Farhan , Shahid Muhammad Nabeel , Omer Muhammad Ovais , Katas Haliza , Rasool Fatima
Published: July 2021

Introduction:

The pleiotropic effects of statins are recently explored for wound healing
through angiogenesis and lymph-angiogenesis that could be of great importance in diabetic
wounds.

Aim:

The aim of the present study is to fabricate nanofilm embedded with simvastatin-loaded chitosan
nanoparticles (CS-SIM-NPs) and to explore the efficacy of SIM in diabetic wound healing.

Methods:

The NPs, prepared via ionic gelation, were 173 nm ± 2.645 in size with a zeta potential
of -0.299 ± 0.009 and PDI 0.051 ± 0.088 with excellent encapsulation efficiency (99.97%). The optimized
formulation (CS: TPP, 1:1) that exhibited the highest drug release (91.64%) was incorporated
into the polymeric nanofilm (HPMC, Sodium alginate, PVA), followed by in vitro characterization.
The optimized nanofilm was applied to the wound created on the back of diabetes-induced
(with alloxan injection 120 mg/kg) albino rats.

Results:

The results showed a significant (p < 0.05) improvement in the wound healing process
compared to the diabetes-induced non-treated group. The results highlighted the importance of
nanofilms loaded with SIM-NPs in diabetic wound healing through angiogenesis promotion at the
wound site.

Conclusion:

Thus, CS-SIM-NPs loaded polymeric nanofilms could be an emerging diabetic
wound healing agent in the industry of nanomedicines.
A Review of Recent Advances in Nanomaterial-based Stem Cell Therapy and the Corresponding Risks
Authors: Tian Hao , Yuan Long , Song Yong , Deng Jun , Qi Xiao Wei
Published: July 2021

:

Stem cell therapy is widely regarded as a promising strategy in regenerative medicine, yet the therapeutic effects of stem cells in vivo are limited by many factors when applied without additional factors, such as poor cell engraftment, uncontrolled differentiation, and unclear cell fates and niches. The emergence of nanotechnology has provided several solutions for these problems. Nanomaterial-based cell labeling and tracking have been extensively investigated in recent decades, and many innovative and multifunctional nanomaterials have been used to reveal the fate of stem cells, allowing more efficient, sensitive, and accurate imaging/tracking strategies for stem cells to be achieved. Nanomaterials enhance stem cell therapy by incorporating or integrating with stem cells and, as scaffolds or substrates, nanomaterials with antioxidant properties that can be used as graft coatings show great promise for clinical transformation. However, current reviews on the subject tend to focus on the various effects of nanomaterials on stem cells and are less concerned with their application to stem cell therapy. Accordingly, we herein present a review of progress in the application of nanomaterials in stem cell therapy over the last three years, which we hope will be of benefit to a comprehensive understanding of nanomaterial-mediated stem cell therapy from lab to pre-clinical practice.
Development of nursing care that supports the trajectory of breast cancer patients and their families to live with cancer and grow as a family
Authors: Yamate Miwa
Published: July 2021

Sustained research efforts have led to advances in the treatment of cancer. Treatment options include chemotherapy, surgery and pharmaceutical interventions but they can cause serious pain and long-term side effects. Support for patients throughout their diagnosis and treatment is crucial,
as well as support for their network of friends and family. Professor Miwa Yamate, Kinjo Gakuin University, believes that a good family structure, strong family ties and resilience are key to approaching cancer diagnosis and treatment with a more positive mindset and greater acceptance. Currently,
Yamate is working on a project that is clarifying a method of nursing care that supports growing as a family throughout the experience of living with cancer. She is conducting interviews with patients and their families in order to obtain their input in the development of a programme that
encourages families to grow and supports patients and their families. This includes asking patients about their feelings when they were diagnosed with breast cancer, which will help inform the researchers about the emotions and challenges faced by patients and their families. The next step
will involve the use of questionnaires based on the use of the post-traumatic stress scale and the sense of coherence scale to assess the impacts of these factors.
International research delivers many rewards
Authors: Annette Lucy
Published: July 2021

International collaboration in research is not a new concept, but as pressure on research funding increases, project applications for funding must deliver a comprehensive package of well-considered experimental design, impactful research focus and a world-class team. Collaborations
with key international leaders in their fields are an excellent way of boosting the credentials of any project, increasing the chances of the group getting funding by opening up their pool of potential funders.
Establishment of multi-target neutron capture therapy with multiple boron drugs for brain tumours
Authors: Kawabata Shinji , Wanibuchi Masahiko
Published: July 2021

Surgery can be used to remove cancerous tumours but isn't perfect. It entails risks for the patients, bits of the tumour can be missed and there are parts of the body that can't be reached. Radiation and pharmaceuticals provide additional treatment methods but aren't completely accurate.
A new method of radiation therapy called Boron Neutron Capture Therapy (BNCT) may provide improved accuracy. Associate Professor Shinji Kawabata, Osaka Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Japan, is interested in BNCT, particularly for treating brain tumours. He and his team introduced BNCT
using a nuclear reactor in 2002 and the researchers have been actively working on it since then. The researchers have shown that the treatment is safe and effective. Kawabata conducted a multi-institutional clinical trial in which he set out to compare BNCT against existing standard treatments
and found that BNCT significantly exceeded this benchmark. He and his team also found that multi-target BNCT, which uses multiple types of target drugs at once and irradiates a single neutron, outperforms single agents in terms of usefulness and safety. At the moment, Kawabata and the team
are refining the treatment based on the multi-treatment type protocols and want to expand the treatment to encompass other types of cancer.
How Principals of Madrasah Ibtidaiyah Negeri Dealt with Obstacles
Authors: Hasanah Amalia , Kultsum Ummi
Published: July 2021

This study was intended to find out how principals of Madrasah Ibtidaiyah Negeri (MIN) in remote regions in South Sumatra dealt with obstacles of shortage of permanent teachers and lack of infrastructure. This study was a qualitative interpretivist study. Semi-structure interviews and observations were implemented to collect the data. Four MIN principals in remote regions in two districts in South Sumatra were interviewed. The results showed that to overcome the shortage of permanent teachers, the principals took the non-permanent teachers to be in charge as homeroom teachers and placed teachers available to teach subjects that were not suitable with their education background. To overcome the lack of infrastructure, the principals used available rooms in the school for other purposes needed, used the classes in turn, and limited the number of students enrolled in the school.
Conceptualizations of Cyberchondria and Relations to the Anxiety Spectrum: Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
Authors: Schenkel Sandra K , Jungmann Stefanie M , Gropalis Maria , Witthöft Michael
Published: July 2021

Background

Cyberchondria describes the detrimental effects of health-related internet use. Current conceptualizations agree that cyberchondria is associated with anxiety-related pathologies and may best be conceptualized as a safety behavior; however, little is known about its exact underlying mechanisms.

Objective

This systematic review and meta-analysis aims to give an overview of the conceptualizations of cyberchondria and its relation to anxiety-related pathologies, quantify the strength of association to health anxiety by using meta-analyses, highlight gaps in the literature, and outline a hypothetical integrative cognitive-behavioral model of cyberchondria based on the available empirical evidence.

Methods

A systematic literature search was conducted using PubMed, Web of Science, and PsycINFO electronic databases. A total of 25 studies were included for qualitative synthesis and 7 studies, comprising 3069 individuals, were included for quantitative synthesis. The meta-analysis revealed a strong association of cyberchondria (r=0.63) and its subfacets (r=0.24-0.66) with health anxiety.

Results

The results indicate that cyberchondria is a distinct construct related to health anxiety, obsessive-compulsive symptoms, intolerance of uncertainty, and anxiety sensitivity. Further studies should distinguish between state and trait markers of anxiety-related pathologies and use experimental and naturalistic longitudinal designs to differentiate among risk factors, triggers, and consequences related to cyberchondria.

Conclusions

Health-related internet use in the context of health anxiety is best conceptualized as health-related safety behavior maintained through intermittent reinforcement. Here, we present a corresponding integrative cognitive-behavioral model.
Technology Literacy in Undergraduate Medical Education: Review and Survey of the US Medical School Innovation and Technology Programs (Preprint)
Authors: Wang Judy Jiaqi , Singh Rishabh K , Miselis Heather Hough , Stapleton Stephanie Nicole
Published: July 2021

BACKGROUND

Modern innovations, like machine learning, genomics, and digital health, are being integrated into medical practice at a rapid pace. Physicians in training receive little exposure to the implications, drawbacks, and methodologies of upcoming technologies prior to their deployment. As a result, there is an increasing need for the incorporation of innovation and technology (I&T) training, starting in medical school.

OBJECTIVE

We aimed to identify and describe curricular and extracurricular opportunities for innovation in medical technology in US undergraduate medical education to highlight challenges and develop insights for future directions of program development.

METHODS

A review of publicly available I&T program information on the official websites of US allopathic medical schools was conducted in June 2020. Programs were categorized by structure and implementation. The geographic distribution of these categories across US regions was analyzed. A survey was administered to school-affiliated student organizations with a focus on I&T and publicly available contact information. The data collected included the founding year, thematic focus, target audience, activities offered, and participant turnout rate.

RESULTS

A total of 103 I&T opportunities at 69 distinct Liaison Committee on Medical Education–accredited medical schools were identified and characterized into the following six categories: (1) integrative 4-year curricula, (2) facilitated doctor of medicine/master of science dual degree programs in a related field, (3) interdisciplinary collaborations, (4) areas of concentration, (5) preclinical electives, and (6) student-run clubs. The presence of interdisciplinary collaboration is significantly associated with the presence of student-led initiatives (P=.001). “Starting and running a business in healthcare” and “medical devices” were the most popular thematic focuses of student-led I&T groups, representing 87% (13/15) and 80% (12/15) of respondents, respectively. “Career pathways exploration for students” was the only type of activity that was significantly associated with a high event turnout rate of >26 students per event (P=.03).

CONCLUSIONS

Existing school-led and student-driven opportunities in medical I&T indicate growing national interest and reflect challenges in implementation. The greater visibility of opportunities, collaboration among schools, and development of a centralized network can be considered to better prepare students for the changing landscape of medical practice.
Implementation of the Flexible Assertive Community Treatment (FACT) Model in Norway: eHealth Assessment Study (Preprint)
Authors: Bønes Erlend , Granja Conceição , Solvoll Terje
Published: July 2021

BACKGROUND

Flexible Assertive Community Treatment (FACT) is a model for treatment of long-term severe mental disorders. This method has become more widespread in Norway.

OBJECTIVE

The objective of our study was to examine how the implementation of FACT teams in Norway has been affected by eHealth policy, infrastructure, and regulations. Another objective was to examine existing literature on eHealth interventions and challenges within FACT teams.

METHODS

We have examined Norwegian policy regulating mental health services, laws and regulations, eHealth infrastructure, relevant literature on FACT teams, and current implementation of FACT in Norway.

RESULTS

FACT teams are a wanted part of the Norwegian service system, but the current eHealth infrastructure makes sharing of data within teams and levels of health care challenging, even if eHealth regulations allow such sharing. This has been shown to be an issue in the current implementation of FACT teams in Norway. There is little or no existing research on the eHealth challenges facing FACT teams.

CONCLUSIONS

Weaknesses in the Norwegian eHealth infrastructure have been a barrier for an easy implementation of FACT teams in Norway. It is difficult to share information between the different levels of health care. We need systems that allow for easy, secure sharing of health information to and between the FACT team members and other involved health care workers.
Virtual reality interventions to improve cognitive functioning in adults with major psychiatric disorders: A narrative systematic review (Preprint)
Authors: Monbourquette Donna , Vali Sadiq , Harvey Sara , Mahmud Kawkab , Jose Miguel , Lam Raymond W , Torres Ivan J , Yatham Lakshmi N , Michalak Erin E , Chakrabarty Trisha
Published: July 2021

BACKGROUND

Cognitive dysfunction is an impairing and difficult to treat feature of psychiatric illnesses. Virtual Reality (VR) has shown promise in improving cognition in neurologic disorders, but its role in improving cognitive outcomes in adults with major psychiatric disorders is unclear.

OBJECTIVE

To conduct a review of the efficacy and usability of VR interventions to improve cognitive functioning in psychiatric disorders.

METHODS

Following PRISMA guidelines, a systematic review of controlled and uncontrolled English-language studies that assessed changes in cognition following an immersive or non-immersive VR intervention, in adults with a mood, psychotic, anxiety, or substance use disorder was conducted. Studies were searched on MEDLINE, EMBASE, PsychINFO, and Web of Science until May 2021.

RESULTS

Thirteen studies were included [primary psychotic disorder (n=10), substance use disorder (n=2) and major depressive disorder (n=1)]. Intervention strategies included drill and practice cognitive remediation (i.e. repeated practice of targeted skills, n=2), social cognitive/skills training (n=5), real world simulations (n=3) and vocational training (n=3). VR social cognitive/skills training resulted in improvements in social cognition, while the other remediation strategies resulted in generalized improvements across multiple cognitive domains. Both immersive and non-immersive VR appeared to be effective. In studies with an active control group (n=5), therapist led VR treatment resulted in equivalent or greater cognitive improvements versus non VR therapist led training. Changes in real-world functioning were inconsistently reported.

CONCLUSIONS

Preliminary evidence suggests VR interventions can improve cognitive outcomes in psychiatric disorders; however, significant variability in study design and outcome measures, small sample sizes and a focus on primary psychotic disorders limit the literature. More rigorous assessment of long-term cognitive and functional outcomes, and the comparative utility of immersive versus non-immersive modalities and different remediation strategies, is required.

CLINICALTRIAL
Acceptability, Engagement, and Effects of a Mobile Digital Intervention to Support Mental Health for Young Adults Transitioning to College: Pilot Randomized Controlled Trial (Preprint)
Authors: Suffoletto Brian , Goldstein Tina , Gotkiewicz Dawn , Gotkiewicz Emily , George Brandie , Brent David
Published: July 2021

BACKGROUND

The transition from high school to college can exacerbate mental health problems in young adults yet barriers prevent seamless mental health care. Existing digital support tools show promise but are not yet designed to optimize engagement or implementation.

OBJECTIVE

The goal of the research was to test acceptability and effects of an automated digital Mobile Support Tool for Mental Health (MoST-MH) for young adults transitioning to college.

METHODS

Youths aged 18 years and older with a current mental health diagnosis preparing to transition to college (n=52; 85% female [45/52], 91% White [48/52]) were recruited from a primary care (n=31) and a mental health clinic (n=21). Participants were randomized 2:1 to either receive MoST-MH (n=34) or enhanced Usual Care (eUC; n=18). MoST-MH included periodic text message and web-based check-ins of emotional health, stressors, negative impacts, and self-efficacy that informed tailored self-care support messages. Both eUC and MoST-MH participants received links to a library of psychoeducational videos and were asked to complete web-based versions of the Mental Health Self-Efficacy Scale (MHSES), College Counseling Center Assessment of Psychological Symptoms (CCAPS), and Client Service Receipt Inventory for Mental Health (C-SRI) monthly for 3 months and the Post-Study System Usability Scale (PSSUQ) at 3-months.

RESULTS

MoST-MH participants were sent a median of 5 (range 3 to 10) text message check-in prompts over the 3-month study period and 100% were completed; participants were sent a median of 2 (range 1 to 8) web-based check-in prompts among which 78% (43/55) were completed. PSSUQ scores indicate high usability (mean score 2.0). Results from the completer analysis demonstrated reductions in mental health symptoms over time and significant between-group effects of MoST-MH compared to eUC on depressive symptom severity (d=0.36, 95% CI 0.08 to 0.64). No significant differences in mental health self-efficacy or mental health health care use were observed.

CONCLUSIONS

In this pilot trial, we found preliminary evidence that MoST-MH was engaged with at high rates and found to be highly usable and reduced depression symptoms relative to eUC among youth with mental health disorders transitioning to college. Findings were measured during the COVID-19 pandemic, and the study was not powered to detect differences in outcomes between groups; therefore, further testing is needed.

CLINICALTRIAL

ClinicalTrials.gov NCT04560075; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04560075
Experimental study of the mechanical properties of Palacos bone cements
Authors: Zhuk P.M. , Matsipura M.N. , Movchaniuk V.O. , Karpinskiy M.Yu. , Karpinska O.D. , Mazur V.P. , Psyuk S.S.
Published: July 2021

Background. Currently, bone cements are widely used in orthopedics. The range of prescriptions for bone cement use is very large, and requires different qualities depending on the purpose. Therefore, researchers are forced to conduct their own invetigations to study the mechanical properties of bone cements. The purpose was to determine in the experiment the value of an elastic modulus and ultimate strength of Palacos bone cements for further use in mathematical models of osteosynthesis and arthroplasty. Materials and methods. Samples of two brands of cement, Palacos R and Palacos fast, were examined. Samples with a diameter of 5 mm and a length of 10 mm were made from each type of cement. The study was carried out 2 hours and 2 days after polymerization. At each stage, 10 cement samples of each type were tested for compression. Results. After 2 hours of polymerization, the Palacos fast samples had a statistically significant advantage in terms of the tensile strength, which was 105.77 ± 3.19 MPa, over the Palacos R — 87.24 ± 3.70 MPa. The higher elastic modulus for Palacos fast samples — 2,942.50 ± 99.67 MPa compared to Palacos R — 82,542.40 ± 65.55 MPa turned out to be statistically significant. Two days after fabrication, the strength characteristics of bone cements changed upward. Thus, the ultimate strength of Palacos fast samples was determined within 116.39 ± 2.85 MPa, which is statistically significant higher than for Palacos R samples for which this indicator was within 95.58 ± 4.53 MPa. Similar tendencies were characteristic of an elastic modulus, which amounted to 3,048.93 ± 108.70 MPa for Palacos fast and 2,642.90 ± 22.93 MPa — for Palacos R samples. The value of the elastic modulus for both brands of bone cement has a statistically significant tendency to increase. On average, an elastic modulus for Palacos R cement increased by 4.0 ± 2.6 %, for Palacos fast samples — by 3.5 ± 1.4 %. Conclusions. Palacos R bone cement by the end of the polymerization process has an elastic modulus of 2,542.40 ± 65.55 MPa and a tensile strength of 87.24 ± 3.70 MPa, which is statistically significant lower (p = 0.001) than thereof Palacos fast cement (2,942.50 ± ± 99.67 MPa and 105.77 ± 3.19 MPa, respectively). The indicators of the tensile strength and elastic modulus of the samples of bone cement of both studied brands have a statistically significant (p = 0.001) tendency to increase within 2 days, on average by 9.6 ± 10.1 % and 3.5 ± 4.0 %, respectively. The obtained elastic modulus and ultimate strength of Palacos R and Palacos fast bone cements can be used for mathematical modeling of various types of arthroplasty.
Characteristics of endoprosthesis replacement of bones and joints in patients with metastatic lesions
Authors: Protsenko V.V. , Buryanov О.A. , Bishtawi Obada , Solonitsyn Y.О.
Published: July 2021

The article presents the results of endoprosthesis replacement of joints and bones in 19 patients with bone metastasis. The complications resulted from endoprosthesis replacement of joints and bones in cases of bone metastasis were observed in 4 (21.1%) patients, and tumor recurrences were observed in 2 (10.5%) patients. In the preoperative period, 19 patients underwent courses of external beam radiotherapy with a total radiation dose (TRD) of 40 Gray, with a single mediated dose (SMD) of 2–2.5 Gray. Also, all patients received preoperative multiagent chemotherapy treatment cycles depending on the primary source of the tumor, and in cases of hormone-dependent tumors, the patients received hormone therapy. Depending on the specific anatomical and functional changes, special implant designs, tools, and techniques were used, which complemented the standard technique of operations. The basic principles of oncosurgery have been adhered to during endoprosthesis replacement of joints and bones, i.e. standard principles of resection and ablastics, removing en bloc of a biopsy area. In endoprosthesis replacement, a cement type of endoprosthesis fixation was used. For an adequate formation of the muscle envelope of the endoprosthesis, a plastic stage of the ope-ration was performed, which allowed to adequately cover the installed endoprosthesis, and thus, reduce the risk of infectious complications. Both displaced and free vascularized musculocutaneous flaps on microvascular anastomoses were used as plastic material. To limit the contact of the metal part of the endoprosthesis with the surrounding tissues and to reconstruct the tendon ligamentous apparatus, a tube of polyethylene tetraphthalate was used, resected tendon and muscles were sutured to it, which allowed to more fully restore joint action. The functioning of extremity according to the MSTS scale after endoprosthesis replacement of joints ranged from 70 to 92 %, and also the quality of life of patients improved up to 70–75 points.
Diagnosis of tarsal coalitions
Authors: Turchin O.A. , Piatkovskiy V.M. , Omelchenko T.M. , Liabakh A.P.
Published: July 2021

Tarsal coalitions (TC) are congenital abnormal connections of the rearfoot bones. They occur in 1 to 13 % of all population. The article deals with the features of clinical and instrumental diagnosis of TC according to the literature. The main clinical manifestations are pain syndrome in the subtalar area, rigid flat foot; peroneal spastic flat foot is possible. Radiographic imaging of TC includes direct and indirect signs. To verify bone coalition, computed tomo-graphy is indicated, in cases of cartilaginous and fibrous — magnetic resonance imaging. Despite the long history of studying the problem, the diagnosis of TC remains a live issue today. Difficulties in diagnosing this pathology are due to the lack of physicians’ awareness of the clinical and radiographic picture of TC. Classical orthopedic exa-mination and suspicion of possible TC will allow detecting pathology in time and avoiding inappropriate treatment. The use of modern imaging techniques, such as computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging, helps increase the accuracy of TC diagnosis.
Requiescat in pace Vladyslav Volodymyrovych Povoroznyuk, the Editor-in-Chief of “Pain. Joints. Spine” (22.10.1954 — 12.06.2021)
Authors: Authors No
Published: July 2021

No abstract
Kampung Tangguh: Wujud Kolaborasi antar-Stakeholder dalam Merespons Pandemi COVID-19
Authors: Rahmawati Yusrin , Anugrah Farah Fadillah , Hati Erva Mutiara , Roziqin Ali
Published: July 2021

Kolaborasi dalam penanganan pandemi COVID-19 sangat dibutuhkan, terutama dalam menangani permasalahan-permasalahan yang muncul. Penelitian ini mencoba untuk menemukan bentuk kolaborasi antar aktor dalam Program Kampung Tangguh. Selain itu, penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengelaborasiakan peran antar stakeholder dalam merespons pandemi COVID-19, melihat konteks Program Kampung Tangguh Semeru. Menggunakan teori kebencanaan dan konsep terkait desa, penelitian ini berargumen bahwa kunci kesuksesan berjalannya Program Kampung Tangguh Semeru di Jawa Timur merupakan hasil partisipasi dari bawah (bottom up participation) atau bentuk partisipasi masyarakat dan pemerintah dalam menghadapi pandemi COVID-19. Dalam penulisan artikel, peneliti menggunakan pendekatan analisis deskriptif, yang didasarkan pada studi pustaka atau bersumber dari data sekunder. 

Kata Kunci: Pandemi, Kolaborasi, Kampung Tangguh 

 

Collaboration in handling COVID-19 pandemic is urgently needed, especially in handling problems that arise from it. This research is try to find collaboration between stakeholders within Tough Village Program (Program Kampung Tangguh). In addition, this study aims to elaborate on the roles between stakeholders in responding to the COVID-19 pandemic. Using disaster theory and concept about village, this research argues that the key to the success of the Tangguh Semeru Village Program in East Java is through bottom up participation or a form of community participation in the government in facing the COVID-19 pandemic. In writing this article using a descriptive analysis approach, which is based on literature study or sourced from secondary data. 

Keywords: Pandemic, Collaboration, Tough Village
Funding and Capacity Building Fuel Cooperation: A Case Study of Counter-Force Networks Fighting Sexual Exploitation and Trafficking in India
Authors: Green Rodney
Published: July 2021

Historically, organizations combatting trafficking for sexual exploitation in India have struggled to cooperate. Due to the multifaceted demands of protecting vulnerable populations and confronting criminal networks, a lack of cooperation can lead to interventions that are ineffective or detrimental. Multiple case studies have indicated that there are three interrelated challenges that hinder cooperation: complex political landscapes, limited vision and funding dedicated to inter-organizational relationships, and a lack of expertise in particular disciplines. One case study indicated that coordinated funding and capacity building fueled sustainable cooperation to form a counter-force that can more effectively combat sexual exploitation and trafficking in India.
A Reading Class Design Based on English Discipline Ability
Authors: Wang Rong
Published: July 2021

The paper illustrates how to develop students’ English discipline ability based on a detailed reading class design of high middle school in China. With the guidance of key competences, text analysis, teaching objectives and activities design help students improve their English discipline ability so that students can acquire language deeply and apply knowledge into action easily.
The relationship between emotional intelligence and well-being among women academics of Royal University of Bhutan
Authors: Wangmo Kesang , Daker Sonam
Published: July 2021

This qualitative study examined the Royal University of Bhutan (RUB) women academics’ understanding of relationship between emotional intelligence (EI) and well-being. The participants selected through a purposive sampling consisted of 14 women academics from RUB colleges spread across the country. The data were collected using a semi-structured interview, and analyzed with thematic analysis procedures. The findings revealed RUB women academics’ concept of relationship between EI and well-being in terms of intrapersonal and interpersonal relationship, and general mood. The findings also revealed the participants’ awareness of the impact of EI on their personal and professional well-being. Further, the findings highlighted the challenges the academics faced to be emotionally intelligent in all situations, and aspiration for enhancement of their EI through trainings. Therefore, one of the recommendations of the study is initiation of training in terms of workshops or professional development to enhance emotional intelligence
Assessment of the energy efficiency of a window system with a shading device of the egg-crate type
Authors: Tran Chan Ngoc , Phuong Nguyen Thi Khanh , Gorbarenko Ekaterina V.
Published: July 2021

Introduction. The article proposes a new energy efficiency assessment method based on a new technique used to calculate the window heat gain. The proposed method takes account of the coefficient of irradiance reduction by the sun shading device. The study was carried out for the shading device of the egg-crate type.

Materials and methods. Calculations are based on the projection of a sunbeam performed for a fraction of a window area in the shade. They take account of the coefficient of irradiance reduction applied due to the presence of the sun shading device. A shading device reduces the irradiance, caused by diffused solar radiation, and coefficient Kbt is applied to demonstrate this process. This coefficient was identified in an experiment and expressed in the form of regression equations.

To evaluate the energy efficiency with regard for the effectiveness of shading devices, coefficient of solar radiation gain reduction β was developed. This coefficient is described by the ratio of the value of solar radiation incoming through a glazed window in the presence of shading device QK to the value of solar radiation incoming through a glazed window that has no shading QKo. The software programme was used to verify the calculations of the heat gain from the solar radiation incoming through the window system with regard for the shading device in various geographical regions in summer (in Hanoi and Moscow).

Results. The results, obtained using the proposed methodology and the observation data, show an insignificant difference in the relative value of β; and they demonstrate a major error when qwindow, or the absolute value of heat entering the room, is taken account of. The heat load, incoming through the window system, is down by 42–45 % in Moscow and by 45–53 % in Hanoi in the hottest period of the year if shading devices are used.

Conclusions. The proposed methodology and computer software, used for a quick assessment of the energy efficiency of a window system equipped with shading devices, allow to design building envelopes that feature high energy efficiency in terms of air conditioning systems, given that coefficient of radiation gain reduction β is taken account of.
The Effect of Sagunja Decoction on Functional Dyspepsia - A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Kim Kyong-lim , Je Yu-ran , Kim Kyoung-min
Published: July 2021

Objectives: This study examines the effect of Sagunja-tang on functional dyspepsia (FD) through a systematic review and meta-analysis of a randomized controlled trial (RCT). Methods: A search for RCTs that tested the effect of Sagunja-tang on functional dyspepsia was conducted in Medline, Embase, PubMed, CENTRAL, CiNii, CNKI, NDSL, RISS, OASIS, and KISS databases on November 8, 2020, with no limit on the year of publication. A meta-analysis was performed by synthesizing the findings, including total efficiency, clinical symptom score, myosin light-chain kinase (MLCK) level (pg/mL, and gastric half-emptying time (min). RevMan 5.4.1 software was used for data analysis. The quality of the literature was evaluated using Cochrane’s risk of bias (RoB) tool. Results: A total of 14 RCTs met the selection criteria. As a result of the meta-analysis, the treatment group had higher total efficacy and MLCK levels (gastric antrum, jejunum) than the control group, and the clinical symptom score and gastric half-emptying time were lower. However, due to the low quality of the included RCT and the small sample size, the results may be slightly biased.
Bibliometric Analysis of the Effect of Acupuncture on Cancer Pain in the Last 20 Years
Authors: Park Han-song , Lee Do-eun , Ha Ji-su , Seo Ho-seok , Kim Jin-won
Published: July 2021

Objectives: Analyze papers on the effect of acupuncture on cancer pain from a macroscopic point of view, suggesting global trends and future research directions to promote acupuncture treatment for cancer pain.Methods: By filtering the papers searched for (acupuncture) AND (cancer pain) in the Web of Science database, 351 papers were selected and analyzed by year, field, journal, institution, author, and keyword.Results: Most papers were published in 2020, and research was active in the field of complementary and alternative medicine. Research on the effects of acupuncture in cancer pain has been active in cancer centers and university hospitals, research has been active in various countries. The most frequently mentioned keywords in the titles and abstracts were acupuncture, pain, and quality of life. The latest top 5 keywords were inhibitor-induced arthralgia, acupuncture therapy, risk factors, opioids, and recovery.Conclusions: Acupuncture treatment has the potential to reduce pain and improve quality of life in cancer patients, and it should be actively studied in the future.
Formulation and Evaluation of Self Nano Emulsifying Drug Delivery System of Raloxifene Hydrochloride
Authors: Gayathri T. , Venkata Ramana M. , Rama Rao N.
Published: July 2021

Raloxifene hydrochloride (RLX) is a selective Estrogen-receptor modulator used to treat osteoporosis as well as breast and endometrial cancer prevention. The bioavailability of RLX is only 2% due to substantial pre-systemic clearance. The goal of this research was to customise and characterise RLX-loaded self-nanoemulsifying drug-delivery systems (SNEDDS) by using bioactive excipients that impact drug metabolism. The droplet size, zeta potential and drug content determination of optimized formulation (F-06) was found to be 147.5 nm, -28.8, 99.67% respectively. The drug release study from the nano formulation was studied in Phosphate buffer 6.8 for all the formulations F1,F2,F3,F4,F5,F6 and F7. The optimized formulation was found to be F6

Keywords: Raloxifene hydrochloride, nanoemulsion, SNEDDS