bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Metabolic, Replication and Genomic Category of Systems in Biology, Bioinformatics and Medicine
Authors: Baianu I.
Published: July 2019

Metabolic-repair models, or (M,R)-systems were introduced in Relational Biology by Robert Rosen. Subsequently, Rosen represented such (M,R)-systems (or simply MRs)in terms of categories of sets, deliberately selected without any structure other than the discrete topology of sets. Theoreticians of life’s origins postulated that Life on Earth has begun with the simplest possible organism, called the primordial. Mathematicians interested in biology attempted to answer this important question of the minimal living organism by defining the functional relations that would have made life possible in such a minimal system- a grandad and grandma of all living organisms on Earth. Genomic systems are also considered as molecular realizations of (M,R)-system subcatgeories.
Critical nutritional stress among adult tribal populations of West Bengal and Orissa, India.
Authors: Bisai Samiran , Bose Kaushik
Published: July 2019

This paper deals with cross-sectional studies carried out during the period 2004-2007. It is based on eight data sets of tribals of Paschim Medinipur and Bankura Districts of West Bengal and Keonjhar District of Orissa. The tribes include Bhumijs, Kora Mudis, Lodhas, Santals, Bathudis and Savars. Height and weight were measured following standard techniques. The body mass index (BMI) was computed following standard equation. Nutritional status (chronic energy deficiency, CED) was evaluated using internationally accepted cut-off values of BMI. We followed the World Health Organization's classification (1995) of the public health problem of low BMI, based on adult populations worldwide. Our results show that, in general, among the tribes studied:i)Both sexes had very low levels of BMI ii)There existed high rates of CED indicating a critical nutritional condition iii)Women experienced greater nutritional stress iv)The nutritional situation is similar in both West Bengal as well as Orissa.
Direct observation and impact of co-segregated atoms in magnesium having multiple alloying elements
Authors: Zhao Xiaojun , Chen Houwen , Wilson Nick , Liu Qing , Nie Jian-Feng
Published: July 2019

Modern engineering alloys contain multiple alloying elements, but their direct observation when segregated at the atomic scale is challenging because segregation is susceptible to electron beam damage. This is very severe for magnesium alloys, especially when solute atoms segregate to form single atomic columns. Here we show that we can image segregation in magnesium alloys with atomic-resolution X-ray dispersive spectroscopy at a much lower electron voltage. We report a co-segregation pattern at twin boundaries in a magnesium alloy with both larger and smaller solutes forming alternating columns that fully occupy the twin boundary, in contrast to previous observations of half occupancy where mixed-solute columns alternate with magnesium. We further show that the solute co-segregation affects the twin migration mechanism and increases the twin boundary pinning. Our work demonstrates that the atomic-scale analysis of the structure and chemistry of solute segregation in metallic alloys with complex compositions is now possible.
Tunable ferromagnetic Weyl fermions from a hybrid nodal ring
Authors: Zheng Baobing , Xia Bowen , Wang Rui , Zhao Jinzhu , Chen Zhongjia , Zhao Yujun , Xu Hu
Published: July 2019

Realization of nontrivial band topology in condensed matter systems is of great interest in recent years. Using first-principles calculations and symmetry analysis, we propose an exotic topological phase with tunable ferromagnetic Weyl fermions in a half-metallic oxide CrP2O7. In the absence of spin–orbit coupling (SOC), we reveal that CrP2O7 possesses a hybrid nodal ring. When SOC is present, the spin-rotation symmetry is broken. As a result, the hybrid nodal ring shrinks to discrete nodal points and forms different types of Weyl points. The Fermi arcs projected on the (100) surface are clearly visible, which can contribute to the experimental study for the topological properties of CrP2O7. In addition, the calculated quasiparticle interference patterns are also highly desirable for the experimental study of CrP2O7. Our findings provide a good candidate of ferromagnetic Weyl semimetals, and are expected to realize related topological applications with their attracted features.
Analysis-ready datasets for insecticide resistance phenotype and genotype frequency in African malaria vectors
Authors: Moyes Catherine L. , Wiebe Antoinette , Gleave Katherine , Trett Anna , Hancock Penelope A. , Padonou Germain Gil , Chouaïbou Mouhamadou S. , Sovi Arthur , Abuelmaali Sara A. , Ochomo Eric , Antonio-Nkondjio Christophe , Dengela Dereje , Kawada Hitoshi , Dabire Roch K. , Donnelly Martin J. , Mbogo Charles , Fornadel Christen , Coleman Michael
Published: July 2019

The impact of insecticide resistance in malaria vectors is poorly understood and quantified. Here a series of geospatial datasets for insecticide resistance in malaria vectors are provided, so that trends in resistance in time and space can be quantified, and the impact of resistance found in wild populations on malaria transmission in Africa can be assessed. Specifically, data have been collated and geopositioned for the prevalence of insecticide resistance, as measured by standard bioassays, in representative samples of individual species or species complexes. Data are provided for the Anopheles gambiae species complex, the Anopheles funestus subgroup, and for nine individual vector species. Data are also given for common genetic markers of resistance to support analyses of whether these markers can improve the ability to monitor resistance in low resource settings. Allele frequencies for known resistance-associated markers in the Voltage-gated sodium channel (Vgsc) are provided. In total, eight analysis-ready, standardised, geopositioned datasets encompassing over 20,000 African mosquito collections between 1957 and 2017 are released.
Biological parameters, life table and thermal requirements of Thaumastocoris peregrinus (Heteroptera: Thaumastocoridae) at different temperatures
Authors: Barbosa L. R. , Santos F. , Soliman E. P. , Rodrigues A. P. , Wilcken C. F. , Campos J. M. , Zanuncio A. J. V. , Zanuncio J. C.
Published: July 2019

Temperature affects the development, population dynamics, reproduction and population size of insects.Thaumastocoris peregrinusCarpintero et Dellape (Heteroptera: Thaumastocoridae) is a eucalyptus pest. The objective of this study was to determine biological and life table parameters ofT.peregrinusonEucalyptus benthamiiat five temperatures (18 °C; 22 °C; 25 °C; 27 °C and 30 °C) with a relative humidity (RH) of 70 ± 10% and photoperiod of 12 hours. The duration of each instar and the longevity of this insect were inversely proportional to the temperature, regardless of sex. The nymph stage ofT.peregrinuswas 36.4 days at 18 °C and 16.1 days at 30 °C. The pre-oviposition period was 5.1 days at 30 °C and 13.1 days at 18 °C and that of oviposition was 7.6 days at 30 °C and 51.2 days at 22 °C. The generation time (T) ofT.peregrinuswas 27.11 days at 22 °C and 8.22 days at 30 °C. Lower temperatures reduced the development and increased the life stage duration ofT.peregrinus. Optimum temperatures forT.peregrinusdevelopment and reproduction were 18 and 25 °C, respectively.
Validation of mouse welfare indicators: a Delphi consultation survey
Authors: Campos-Luna Ivone , Miller Amy , Beard Andrew , Leach Matthew
Published: July 2019

This study aims to identify the most valid, reliable and practicable indicators of laboratory mouse welfare using the Delphi consultation technique. The effective assessment of laboratory mouse welfare is a fundamental legal and moral requirement as it is critical part of both maintaining and improving the welfare of the most widely used laboratory animal globally. Although many different welfare indicators are routinely used to assess mouse welfare, the validity, reliability and practicability of many of these measures remains unclear. The Delphi consultation technique is designed to gauge expert opinion through multiple rounds of surveys until a consensus is reached. Participants ranked 59 welfare indicators in terms their validity, reliability and practicability for either a half-day unit audit or a daily welfare assessment and for each scenario identified 10 key indicators. The Delphi consultation reached consensus at 72% for the overall list of indicators and over 60% for each individual indicator. From this consensus the key indicators for each mouse welfare scenario (half day audit and daily welfare assessment) were identified and used to create a welfare scoring system for each scenario.
Acute LPS sensitization and continuous infusion exacerbates hypoxic brain injury in a piglet model of neonatal encephalopathy
Authors: Martinello Kathryn A. , Meehan Christopher , Avdic-Belltheus Adnan , Lingam Ingran , Ragab Sara , Hristova Mariya , Tann Cally J. , Peebles Donald , Hagberg Henrik , Wolfs Tim G. A. M. , Klein Nigel , Tachtsidis Ilias , Golay Xavier , Kramer Boris W. , Fleiss Bobbi , Gressens Pierre , Robertson Nicola J.
Published: July 2019

Co-existing infection/inflammation and birth asphyxia potentiate the risk of developing neonatal encephalopathy (NE) and adverse outcome. In a newborn piglet model we assessed the effect ofE. colilipopolysaccharide (LPS) infusion started 4 h prior to and continued for 48 h after hypoxia on brain cell death and systemic haematological changes compared to LPS and hypoxia alone. LPS sensitized hypoxia resulted in an increase in mortality and in brain cell death (TUNEL positive cells) throughout the whole brain, and in the internal capsule, periventricular white matter and sensorimotor cortex. LPS alone did not increase brain cell death at 48 h, despite evidence of neuroinflammation, including the greatest increases in microglial proliferation, reactive astrocytosis and cleavage of caspase-3. LPS exposure caused splenic hypertrophy and platelet count suppression. The combination of LPS and hypoxia resulted in the highest and most sustained systemic white cell count increase. These findings highlight the significant contribution of acute inflammation sensitization prior to an asphyxial insult on NE illness severity.
Molecular community profiling of the bacterial microbiota associated with denture-related stomatitis
Authors: Morse Daniel J. , Smith Ann , Wilson Melanie J. , Marsh Lucy , White Lewis , Posso Raquel , Bradshaw David J. , Wei Xiaoqing , Lewis Michael A. O. , Williams David W.
Published: July 2019

Denture-associated stomatitis (DS) affects over two-thirds of denture-wearers. DS presents as erythema of the palatal mucosa in areas where denture-surface associated polymicrobial biofilms containing the fungus Candida albicans exist. The contribution of the oral bacterial microbiota toward the infection is unknown. Therefore, this study characterised the bacterial microbiota of sites within the oral cavity to identify potential associations with occurrence of DS. Denture-wearing patients were recruited (denture stomatitis (DS) n = 8; non-denture stomatitis (NoDS) n = 11) and the oral bacterial microbiota of the tongue, palate and denture-fitting surface was characterised using next-generation sequencing. Operational taxonomic units (OTUs) were identified to bacterial genera and species, and presence/absence and relative abundances were examined. A significant (P = 0.007) decrease in the number of OTUs and thus, diversity of the microbiota was observed in tongue samples of DS patients (vs non-DS). The microbiota of denture-fitting surfaces and palatal mucosae were similar. Large differences in the abundance of bacterial genera and species were observed at each sample site, and unique presence/absence of bacteria was noted. Presence/absence and relative abundance of specific bacteria associated with DS warrants further in vitro and in vivo evaluation, particularly as our previous work has shown C. albicans virulence factor modulation by oral bacteria.
Differential prognostic impact of platelet-derived growth factor receptor expression in NSCLC
Authors: Kilvaer Thomas Karsten , Rakaee Mehrdad , Hellevik Turid , Vik Jørg , Petris Luigi De , Donnem Tom , Strell Carina , Ostman Arne , Busund Lill-Tove Rasmussen , Martinez-Zubiaurre Inigo
Published: July 2019

Preclinical evidence suggests that stromal expression of platelet-derived growth factor receptors (PDGFRs) stimulates tumor development and diminishes intratumoral drug uptake. In non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), the clinical relevance of stromal PDGFR expression remains uncertain. Tumor specimens from 553 patients with primary operable stage I-IIIB NSCLC was obtained and tissue micro-arrays (TMA) were constructed (Norwegian cohort). Immunohistochemistry (IHC) was used to evaluate the expression of PDGFRα and -β in stromal cells and to explore their impact on patient survival. Results were validated in a non-related cohort consisting of TMAs of 367 stage I (A and B) NSCLC patients (Swedish cohort). High stromal PDGFRα expression was an independent predictor of increased survival in the overall populations and SCC (squamous cell carcinoma) subgroups of both investigated cohorts. PDGFRβ was an independent predictor of poor survival in the overall Norwegian cohort and an independent predictor of increased survival in the ADC (adenocarcinoma) subgroup of the Swedish cohort. Tumors displaying the combination PDGFRα-low/PDGFRβ-high exhibited inferior survival according to increasing stage in the Norwegian cohort. This study confirms that high stromal expression of PDGFRα is a predictor of increased survival in NSCLC. Further exploration of the prognostic impact of PDGFRβ and the relationship between PDGFRα and -β is warranted.
Perturbation of ubiquitin homeostasis promotes macrophage oxidative defenses
Authors: Charbonneau Marie-Eve , Passalacqua Karla D. , Hagen Susan E. , Showalter Hollis D. , Wobus Christiane E. , O’Riordan Mary X. D.
Published: July 2019

The innate immune system senses microbial ligands through pattern recognition and triggers downstream signaling cascades to promote inflammation and immune defense mechanisms. Emerging evidence suggests that cells also recognize alterations in host processes induced by infection as triggers. Protein ubiquitination and deubiquitination are post-translational modification processes essential for signaling and maintenance of cellular homeostasis, and infections can cause global alterations in the host ubiquitin proteome. Here we used a chemical biology approach to perturb the cellular ubiquitin proteome as a simplified model to study the impact of ubiquitin homeostasis alteration on macrophage function. Perturbation of ubiquitin homeostasis led to a rapid and transient burst of reactive oxygen species (ROS) that promoted macrophage inflammatory and anti-infective capacity. Moreover, we found that ROS production was dependent on the NOX2 phagocyte NADPH oxidase. Global alteration of the ubiquitin proteome also enhanced proinflammatory cytokine production in mice stimulated with a sub-lethal dose of LPS. Collectively, our findings suggest that major changes in the host ubiquitin landscape may be a potent signal to rapidly deploy innate immune defenses.
Arsenic biotransformation potential of six marine diatom species: effect of temperature and salinity
Authors: Papry Rimana Islam , Ishii Kento , Mamun M. Abdullah Al , Miah Sohag , Naito Kanako , Mashio Asami S. , Maki Teruya , Hasegawa Hiroshi
Published: July 2019

Temperature and salinity effects on marine diatom species growth has been studied extensively; however, their effect on arsenic (As) biotransformation has been imprecise. This study reports the growth, and As biotransformation and speciation patterns at various temperatures and salinities of six marine diatom species: Asteroplanus karianus, Thalassionema nitzschioides, Nitzschia longissima, Skeletonema sp., Ditylum brightwellii, and Chaetoceros didymus. The growth rate and As biotransformation potentials of these species during three weeks of culture in f/2 based medium were significantly affected by wide temperature (0–35 °C) and salinity (0.3–50‰) ranges. Growth and As biotransformation were higher at optimum temperatures of 10–25 °C, and salinity of 10–35‰, whereas growth and arsenic biotransformation were lower at <5 °C and 5‰ and >25 °C and 35‰, respectively. The results showed that As(V) to As(III) biotransformation differed significantly (p < 0.05) between day 10 and 17. At optimum temperature and salinity levels, the cell size and As biotransformation were higher for all the species. A conceptual model on temperature and salinity effects on growth and As uptake and biotransformation mechanisms by these species has been proposed based on the findings of this study.
One step conjugation of some chemotherapeutic drugs to the biologically produced gold nanoparticles and assessment of their anticancer effects
Authors: Yahyaei Behrooz , Pourali Parastoo
Published: July 2019

Recent research tried to analyze the conjugation of some chemotherapeutic drugs to the biologically produced gold nanoparticles (GNPs) in one step, without the use of any additional linkers. GNPs was produced using Fusarium oxysporum and their presence was confirmed using spectrophotometer, transmission electron microscope (TEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and fourier transform infrared (FTIR) analyses. In order to carry out the conjugation study, capecitabine, tamoxifen, and paclitaxel were added dropwise to the GNPs solution under stirring condition and spectrophotometer, dynamic light scattering (DLS) and FTIR analyses were performed to prove the successful conjugation. Finally, AGS and MCF7 cell lines were used for methyl thiazol tetrazolium (MTT) assay to determine the toxicity of each drug and its conjugated form. Results showed that the spherical and hexagonal GNPs with maximum absorbance peak around 524 nm and average sizes less than 20 nm were produced. FTIR analysis clarified the presence of proteins on the surfaces of the GNPs. After the conjugation process although the FTIR analysis demonstrated that all the drugs were successfully conjugated to GNPs, MTT assay revealed that unlike the paclitaxel conjugated GNPs, capecitabine and tamoxifen conjugates displayed no toxic effects due to their deactivation and low half-lives. Moreover the average size and polydispersity index (PDI) of the GNPs after conjugation with all the three tested drugs increased. In conclusion different types of drugs could conjugate to the GNPs but it is important to employ high stable forms of the drugs in the conjugation procedure.
Glycaemic Control for People with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in Bangladesh - An urgent need for optimization of management plan
Authors: Afroz Afsana , Ali Liaquat , Karim Md. Nazmul , Alramadan Mohammed J. , Alam Khurshid , Magliano Dianna J. , Billah Baki
Published: July 2019

Aims: The objective of this study was to identify the determinants of glycaemic control among people with type 2 diabetes mellitus in Bangladesh. A cross-sectional study was carried out during March to September 2017, and 1253 adult patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus were recruited from six hospitals. Data were collected from patients via face-to-face interview, and their medical records were reviewed. Multiple logistic regression analysis was performed. Among the participants, 53.2% were male. Mean (±SD) age was 54.1 (±12.1) years and mean (±SD) duration of diabetes was 9.9 (±7.2) years. About 82% participants had inadequate glycaemic control (HbA1c ≥ 7%) and 54.7% had very poor control (HbA1c ≥ 9%). Low education level, rural residence, unhealthy eating habits, insulin use, infrequent follow up check-ups and history of coronary artery diseases found associated with inadequate and very poor controls. Being female and smokeless tobacco consumer appeared to be associated with inadequate control however cognitive impairment was associated with very poor control only. Prevalence of inadequate glycaemic level was very high in Bangladesh. Having understood relatable lifestyle modification factors, demographics and co-morbidities among people with type 2 diabetes, health care providers in conjunction with patients should work together to address the glycaemic control.
Emplacement and 3D geometry of crustal-scale saucer-shaped intrusions in the Fennoscandian Shield
Authors: Buntin Sebastian , Malehmir Alireza , Koyi Hemin , Högdahl Karin , Malinowski Michal , Larsson Sven Åke , Thybo Hans , Juhlin Christopher , Korja Annakaisa , Górszczyk Andrzej
Published: July 2019

Saucer-shaped intrusions of tens of meters to tens of kilometres across have been observed both from surface geological mapping and geophysical observations. However, there is only one location where they have been reported to extend c. 100 km laterally, and emplaced both in a sedimentary basin and the crystalline basement down to 12 km depth. The legacy BABEL offshore seismic data, acquired over the central Fennoscandian Shield in 1989, have been recovered and reprocessed with the main goal of focusing on this series of globally unique crustal-scale saucer-shaped intrusions present onshore and offshore below the Bothnian Sea. The intrusions (c. 1.25 Ga), emplaced in an extensional setting, are observed within both sedimentary rocks (<1.5 Ga) and in the crystalline basement (>1.5 Ga). They have oval shapes with diameters ranging 30–100 km. The reprocessed seismic data provide evidence of up-doming of the lower crust (representing the melt reservoir) below the intrusions that, in turn, are observed at different depths in addition to a steep seismically transparent zone interpreted to be a discordant feeder dyke system. Relative age constraints and correlation with onshore saucer-shaped intrusions of different size suggest that they are internally connected and fed by each other from deeper to shallower levels. We argue for a nested emplacement mechanism and against a controlling role by the overlying sedimentary basin as the saucer-shaped intrusions are emplaced in both the sedimentary rocks as well as in the underlying crystalline basement. The interplay between magma pressure and overburden pressure, as well as the, at the time, ambient stress regime, are responsible for their extensive extent and rather constant thicknesses (c. 100–300 m). Saucer-shaped intrusions may therefore be present elsewhere in the crystalline basement to the same extent as observed in this study some of which are a significant source of raw materials.
Habitat use of urban-nesting lesser black-backed gulls during the breeding season
Authors: Spelt Anouk , Williamson Cara , Shamoun-Baranes Judy , Shepard Emily , Rock Peter , Windsor Shane
Published: July 2019

Increasing urbanisation is detrimental for some animal species and potentially advantageous for others. Urban-nesting populations of gulls have undergone rapid population increases worldwide, which has resulted in an increase in human-gull conflicts. In order to inform management and conservation decisions in relation to these populations, more information is needed about the behaviour of these birds in urban settings and how they utilise their environment. This study combined Global Positioning System (GPS) tracking data of 12 urban-nesting lesser black-backed gulls,Larus fuscus, with habitat and behaviour data over three breeding seasons (2016–2018). Despite the proximity of marine areas (~10 km), the birds only made significant use of terrestrial environments, spending two-thirds of their time away from the nest in suburban and urban areas, and one-third in rural green areas. The gulls utilised suburban and urban areas more as their chicks grew and appeared to use diverse foraging strategies to suit different habitats. These results indicate that the range of potential foraging areas available needs to be considered in management decisions and that urban bird populations may not use the resources they are expected to.
Long-living carriers in a strong electron–phonon interacting two-dimensional doped semiconductor
Authors: Garcia-Goiricelaya Peio , Lafuente-Bartolome Jon , Gurtubay Idoia G. , Eiguren Asier
Published: July 2019

Carrier doping by the electric field effect has emerged as an ideal route for monitoring many-body physics in two-dimensional materials where the Fermi level is tuned so that the strength of the interactions can also be scanned. The possibility of systematic doping together with high resolution photoemission has allowed to uncover a genuinely many-body electron spectrum in single-layer MoS2 transition metal dichalcogenide, resolving three clear quasi-particle states, where only one should be expected if the electron–phonon interaction vanished. Here, we combine first-principles and consistent complex plane analytic approaches and bring into light the physical origin of the two gaps and the three quasi-particle bands which are unambiguously present in the photoemission spectrum. One of these states, though being strongly interacting with the accompanying virtual phonon cloud, presents a notably long lifetime which is an appealing property when trying to understand and take advantage of many-body interactions to modulate transport properties.
Mechanism and theory of d-glucopyranose homogeneous acid catalysis in the aqueous solution phase
Authors: Ghosh Manik Kumer , Howard Mícheál Séamus , Dussan Karla , Dooley Stephen
Published: July 2019

Theoretical study of the mechanism of acid hydrolysis of β-d-glucopyranose in the aqueous solution.
G-triplex based molecular beacon with duplex-specific nuclease amplification for the specific detection of microRNA
Authors: Wu Zhifang , Zhou Hui , He Juan , Li Mei , Ma Xiaoming , Xue Jun , Li Xun , Fan Xiaolin
Published: July 2019

Based on the G-triplex molecular beacon (MBG3), we have developed a duplex-specific nuclease signal amplification (DSNSA) assay for highly selective miRNA detection.
Copper-based metal–organic framework nanoparticles for sensitive fluorescence detection of ferric ions
Authors: Ming Fanglin , Hou Jingzhou , Huo Danqun , Zhou Jun , Yang Mei , Shen Caihong , Zhang Suyi , Hou Changjun
Published: July 2019

A luminescent amino-functionalized metal–organic framework (Cu–MOFs) was synthesized from 2-aminoterephthalic acid and Cu(ii) ions by a solvothermal method.
Efficient synthesis of amino acid polymers for protein stabilization
Authors: Li Bing , Wu Yueming , Zhang Wenjing , Zhang Si , Shao Ning , Zhang Weiwei , Zhang Lixin , Fei Jian , Dai Yidong , Liu Runhui
Published: July 2019

Poly-l-glutamate exerts substantial protein stabilization during lyophilization by preventing protein aggregation.
The effect of the oxidation states of supported oxides on catalytic activity: CO oxidation studies on Pt/cobalt oxide
Authors: Song Hee Chan , Oh Seungtaeg , Kim Sang Hoon , Lee Si Woo , Moon Song Yi , Choi Hanseul , Kim Soo-Hyun , Kim Yongman , Oh Jihun , Park Jeong Young
Published: July 2019

The strong metal–oxide interaction of platinum nanoparticles (PtNPs) deposited on two types of cobalt oxides, CoO and Co3O4, was investigated using CO oxidation.
Molecular platforms as versatile building blocks for multifunctional photoswitchable surfaces
Authors: Rusch Talina R. , Hammerich Melanie , Herges Rainer , Magnussen Olaf M.
Published: July 2019

Structurally well-defined arrangements of multiple functional groups can be prepared by self-assembly of mixed monolayers based on molecular platforms.
Computational construction of the electronic Hamiltonian for photoinduced electron transfer and Redfield propagation
Authors: Storm Freja E. , Rasmussen Maria Harris , Mikkelsen Kurt V. , Hansen Thorsten
Published: July 2019

The construction of open-system diabatic Hamiltonians relevant for the investigation of electron transfer processes is a computational challenge. Here all relevant parameters for Redfield propagations are extracted fromab initiocomputations.
Tuning of hyperpolarizability, and one- and two-photon absorption of donor–acceptor and donor–acceptor–acceptor-type intramolecular charge transfer-based sensors
Authors: Samanta Pralok K. , Alam Md. Mehboob , Misra Ramprasad , Pati Swapan K.
Published: July 2019

Effect of solvent as well as arrangement of donor–acceptor groups on the linear and non-linear optical (NLO) response properties of two intramolecular charge-transfer (ICT)-based fluorescent sensors are studied.
Molybdenum carbide catalyst for the reduction of CO2 to CO: surface science aspects by NAPPES and catalysis studies
Authors: Reddy Kasala Prabhakar , Dama Srikanth , Mhamane Nitin B. , Ghosalya Manoj K. , Raja Thirumalaiswamy , Satyanarayana Chilukuri V. , Gopinath Chinnakonda S.
Published: July 2019

Carbon dioxide is a greenhouse gas, and needs to be converted into one of the useful feedstocks, such as carbon monoxide and methanol.
A molecular crystal with an unprecedentedly long-lived photoexcited state
Authors: Naito Toshio , Watanabe Naoki , Sakamoto Yuuka , Miyaji Yuuko , Shirahata Takashi , Misaki Yohji , Kitou Shunsuke , Sawa Hiroshi
Published: July 2019

Gold(iii) atoms reversibly deviate from the molecular plane on receiving thermal and photon energy.
The effect of water on the heterogeneous reactions of SO2 and NH3 on the surfaces of α-Fe2O3 and γ-Al2O3
Authors: Yang Weiwei , Ma Qingxin , Liu Yongchun , Ma Jinzhu , Chu Biwu , He Hong
Published: July 2019

In this study, wall-coated flow tube, in situ diffuse reflectance infrared Fourier transform spectroscopy and ion chromatography were used to investigate the effect of water on the heterogeneous reactions of SO2 and NH3 on α-Fe2O3 and γ-Al2O3.
Controlling the physical and electrochemical properties of block copolymer-based porous carbon fibers by pyrolysis temperature
Authors: Zhou Zhengping , Liu Tianyu , Khan Assad U. , Liu Guoliang
Published: July 2019

Pyrolysis temperature is an important processing parameter that determines the physical and electrochemical properties of block copolymer-based porous carbon fibers.
Fluorescence enhanced lab-on-a-chip patterned using a hybrid technique of femtosecond laser direct writing and anodized aluminum oxide porous nanostructuring
Authors: Yu Zhi , Lei Yuhao , Yu Weili , Cheng Jinluo , Xing Jun , Zheng Xin , Zhan Zhibing , Wang Bin , Guo Chunlei
Published: July 2019

A nanoporous array structure detection chip with strong spectral resolution, fabricated by femtosecond laser direct writing and anodized aluminum oxide.
Atomic-scale dynamic observation reveals temperature-dependent multistep nucleation pathways in crystallization
Authors: Li Junjie , Li Yunping , Li Qiang , Wang Zhongchang , Leonard Deepak Francis
Published: July 2019

Temperature-dependent multistep nucleation pathways: (I) droplet-crystal two-step pathway; (II) droplet-local ordered structure-crystal three-step pathway; (III) cluster-crystal two-step classical pathway.
Mixed solvent exfoliated transition metal oxides nanosheets based flexible solid state supercapacitor devices endowed with high energy density
Authors: Dutta Shibsankar , Pal Shreyasi , De Sukanta
Published: July 2019

Mixed solvent exfoliated transition metal oxide nanosheet/SWCNT composite based flexible supercapacitors demonstrate large specific capacitance and high energy density.
Copper-mediated direct thiolation of aryl C–H bonds with disulfides
Authors: Deng Ke-Zuan , Zhang Li-Li , Chen Ye-Feng , Xie He-Xin , Xu Xiao-Bo , Xia Cheng-Cai , Ji Ya-Fei
Published: July 2019

A directing group-assisted copper-mediated thiolation of aromatic amides with disulfides via direct C(sp2)–H activation has been developed.
Enhanced photoredox water splitting of Sb–N donor–acceptor pairs in TiO2
Authors: Lv Zhiguo , Cheng Xi , Liu Baoquan , Guo Zhenmei , Jin Manman , Zhang Chao
Published: July 2019

The development of noble-metal-free TiO2-based catalysts is of significant interest for photoredox H2 production.
Hollow multi-shelled structures for energy conversion and storage applications
Authors: Ren Hao , Yu Ranbo
Published: July 2019

Materials with hollow multi-shelled structures composed of various compositions are promising candidates for energy conversion and storage applications.
High-strength hydrogel-based bioinks
Authors: Gao Fei , Ruan Changshun , Liu Wenguang
Published: July 2019

This review summarizes high-strength hydrogel-based bioinks, including general requirements for designing suitable high-strength hydrogel bioinks, and recent progress of 3D printed high-strength hydrogel scaffolds.
Diastereoselective access to 2-aminoindanonesviathe rhodium(ii)-catalyzed tandem reaction involving O–H insertion and Michael addition
Authors: Xing Siyang , Xia Hanyu , Wang Xin , Wu Die , Xu Xinrui , Su Yunran , Wang Kui , Zhu Bolin , Guo Junshuo
Published: July 2019

A rhodium(ii)-catalyzed tandem reaction involving O–H insertion ofN-sulfonyl 1,2,3-triazoles and Michael addition has been described. A series of 2-amino-1-indanones were afforded in acceptable to good yields with high diastereoselectivities.
Nucleophilic cyclopropanation of [60]fullerene by the addition–elimination mechanism
Authors: Biglova Yulya N. , Mustafin Akhat G.
Published: July 2019

Generalized material on the synthesis of monosubstituted methanofullerenes C60, obtained by the addition–elimination mechanism.
Synthesis, characterization, and photoluminescent studies of three-coordinate Cu(i)–NHC complexes bearing unsymmetrically-substituted dipyridylamine ligands
Authors: Glinton Kwame , Latifi Reza , Cockrell David S. , Bardeaux Matthew , Nguyen Bachkhoa , Tahsini Laleh
Published: July 2019

The photoluminescent Cu(i)–NHC complexes bearing unsymmetrical dipyridylamine ligands have been synthesized and characterized. The structure–light reactivity has been elucidated.
CePO4, a multi-functional catalyst for carbohydrate biomass conversion: production of 5-hydroxymethylfurfural, 2,5-diformylfuran, and γ-valerolactone
Authors: Kumar Abhinav , Srivastava Rajendra
Published: July 2019

Optimum acidity and oxidation capability of CePO4 facilitate the production of carbohydrate derived value added chemicals such as 5-hydroxymethyl furfural, 2,5-diformylfuran, and γ-valerolactone under eco-friendly mild reaction condition.
Hydrogen bonded co-assembly of aromatic amino acids and bipyridines that serves as a sacrificial template in superstructure formation
Authors: Wang Zhuoer , Cheng Qiuhong , Xing Pengyao , Cao Zhaozhen , Hao Aiyou
Published: July 2019

Design and fabrication of superstructures are intriguing yet challenging tasks, which require delicate operations at micro/nanoscale such as template-directed seeding or etching processes.
Yolk–shell NiSx@C nanosheets as K-ion battery anodes with high rate capability and ultralong cycle life
Authors: Yao Qianqian , Zhang Jianshuo , Li Jiaxin , Huang Weijian , Hou Kun , Zhao Yi , Guan Lunhui
Published: July 2019

A high-rate and ultralong-life K-ion battery anode is realized through the yolk–shell design of NiSx@C nanosheets.
Uniform Li deposition by regulating the initial nucleation barrierviaa simple liquid-metal coating for a dendrite-free Li–metal anode
Authors: Wei Chuanliang , Fei Huifang , An Yongling , Tao Yuan , Feng Jinkui , Qian Yitai
Published: July 2019

Dendrite-free Li deposition is achieved by coating a thin liquid-metal layer on the surface of lithiophobic current collectors.
Fabrication and photonic applications of large-domain blue phase films
Authors: Yang Jiajia , Liu Jie , Guan Bo , He Wanli , Yang Zhou , Wang Jingxia , Ikeda Tomiki , Jiang Lei
Published: July 2019

This paper presents a facile fabrication of high-quality freestanding blue phase (BP) polymer films, showing potential application in dual-wavelength lasers. It is of significance for the fabrication and application of novel BP-based optical devices.
Honeysuckle extract relieves ovalbumin-induced allergic rhinitis by inhibiting AR-induced inflammation and autoimmunity
Authors: Lin Bin , Cai Bijuan , Wang Huige
Published: July 2019

Honeysuckle has antiviral, antioxidative and anti-inflammatory properties. Allergic rhinitis (AR) is induced by immunoglobulin E (IgE)-mediated inflammatory reaction. Our study investigates whether honeysuckle extract (HE) has therapeutic effect on AR. An AR model of mice was established by ovalbumin (OVA). Hematoxylin–Eosin staining was used to assess nasal mucosa damage. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was performed to determine serum histamine, IgE and interleukin (IL)-2, IL-4, IL-17 and interferon-γ (IFN-γ) from nasal lavage fluid. Western blot was carried out to analyze the protein level from nasal mucosa tissue. We found that HE not only decreased nasal rubbing and sneezing in AR mice, but also reduced AR-induced damage to nasal mucosa. Moreover, HE lowered the levels of serum IgE and histamine and inhibited IL-4 and IL-17 levels from AR mice but raised IL-2 and IFN-γ levels in AR-induced nasal lavage fluid. Our results also showed that HE elevated the protein levels of forkhead box P3 (Foxp3) and T-box transcription factor (T-bet) in AR-induced nasal mucosa tissue, whereas it inhibited signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT) 3 and GATA binding protein 3 (GATA-3) protein levels. By regulating AR-induced inflammatory reaction and autoimmune response, HE also relieved OVA-induced AR. Thus, HE could be used as a potential drug to treat AR.
What is wrong with steady accretion discs?
Authors: Nixon C. J. , Pringle J. E.
Published: July 2019

In a standard, steady, thin accretion disc, the radial distribution of the dissipation of the accretion energy is determined simply by energy considerations. Here we draw attention to the fact that while the (quasi-)steady discs in dwarf novae in outburst are in agreement with the expected emission distribution, the steady discs in the nova-like variables are not. We note that essentially the only difference between these two sets of discs is the time for which they have been in the high viscosity, high accretion rate state. In such discs, the major process by which angular momentum is transported outwards is MHD turbulence. We speculate that such turbulence gives rise to corona-like structures (here called magnetically controlled zones, or MCZs) which are also able to provide non-negligible angular momentum transport, the magnitude of which depends on the spatial scale L of the magnetic field structures in such zones. For short-lived, high accretion rate discs (such as those in dwarf novae) we expect L ∼ H and the MCZ to have little effect. But, with time (such as in the nova-like variables) an inverse cascade in the MHD turbulence enables L, and the net effect of the MCZ, to grow. We present a simple toy model which demonstrates that such ideas can provide an explanation for the difference between the dwarf novae and the nova-like variable discs.
Magnetic field asymmetry at external phases of shielded single-pole three-phase flat high-current busduct
Authors: Kusiak Dariusz , Szczegielniak Tomasz , Piątek Zygmunt
Published: July 2019

The article shows the total magnetic field distribution in two outer conductors of the flat, three-phase single-pole shielded, high-current busduct is asymmetric. The phase currents in the shielded conductors decide about the magnetic field of such a high-current busduct. The components of this field reflect the magnetic field of the reverse reaction fields of the eddy currents induced in the conductors of the adjacent phases as the results of the proximity effect and the skin effect. The field distribution is shown in the outer area of the outer phases as the function of the parameters reflecting the current frequency, the conductivity, and the transverse dimensions of the tubular conductors.
Analysis of the wireless charging technologies impact on the charging process parameters of mobile devices
Authors: Filipiak Michał , Głuchy Damian , Godek Maksymilian
Published: July 2019

The paper deals with wireless charging of mobile devices. Quick Charge and USB Power Delivery technologies were presented; in relation to cooperation with induction chargers. Charging measurements for devices were carried out with the reference to the previously described standard and technology. Characteristics showing the changes in power and state of charge during the charging process for various measurement variants were made.
Implementation of a rotor position determination system for a switched reluctance motor in FPGA devices
Authors: Rataj Daniel , Tomczewski Krzysztof
Published: July 2019

The paper presents three rotor position detection modules implemented in FPGA devices. The modules are characterized by different methods of implementation and were developed for use with a switched reluctance drive. They operate in the following modes: sequentially synchronized with a clock signal, concurrently synchronized with a clock signal, and asynchronously. Simulated and measured delays introduced by these modules in the FPGA device are presented.
The use of the EMG signal for the arm model control
Authors: Trzmiel Grzegorz , Kurz Dariusz , Smoczyński Wiktor
Published: July 2019

The article presents the design of the control system and prototype of a robot arm controlled by electromyographic (EMG) signals. It includes the characteristics and method of measurement of the EMG signals, the concept of application of the measured signals to control the model of a human hand and the description of the control system. The design of a device including the specification of the used sub-assemblies was developed. As well as this, the physical object and various options for its application were presented.
Assessment of failure to the stator winding of the induction motor by means of deep neural network
Authors: Kuroczycki Sebastian , Górny Konrad , Pietrowski Wojciech
Published: July 2019

Due to the fact that inter-turn short-circuits are the ones of the most common causes of damage to stator of induction motors, research on their early detection is still gaining in importance. The scientific novelty in the presented article is an approach in which a decision element informing about the failure of stator of induction machine is a deep artificial neural network. In the learning process, torque waveforms subjected to a continuous wavelet transform were used. In order to classify of the stator winding failures the accelerator of artificial neural networks was used.
ASH 2018
Authors: Schöllmann Claudia
Published: July 2019

Anfang Dezember fand in San Diego/USA der Jahreskongress der American Society of Hematology (ASH) statt. Traditionell nimmt die Supportivtherapie beim ASH-Kongress eine weniger bedeutende Rolle als etwa beim ASCO-Meeting, das supportiven Themen mittlerweile eigene Sessions widmet. Dennoch gab es beim diesjährigen ASH interessante Neuigkeiten zur Supportivtherapie bei hämatologischen Malignomen, die wir hier schwerpunktmäßig vorstellen. Im Fokus standen die Prophylaxe venöser Thromboembolien, die Vorteile der Eisenchelation bei transfusionspflichtigen Patienten mit MDS sowie das bessere Verständnis der Neurotoxizität beim therapeutischen Einsatz von CAR-T-Zellen.
Neue Option gegen refraktäre und rezidivierte Non-Hodgkin-Lymphome
Authors: Krome Susanne
Published: July 2019

Das Transmembranprotein CD47 erzeugt ein Anti-Phagozytose-Signal und ist bei verschiedenen Tumoren überexprimiert. Es gilt als ungünstiger Prognosefaktor. Der monoklonale CD47-Antikörper Hu5F9-G4 inhibiert CD47 und seinen Liganden SIRPα und ermöglicht den selektiven Zugriff durch Makrophagen und T-Lymphozyten. Eine konfirmatorische Phase-1B-Studie bestätigt die Wirksamkeit bei diffus großzelligen und follikulären Non-Hodgkin-Lymphomen.
Pädiatrische Onkologie
Authors: Krome Susanne
Published: July 2019

Im Vergleich zu gesunden Kindern besteht bei Kindern mit Malignomen eine 25-fach erhöhte Wahrscheinlichkeit für ein thrombembolisches Ereignis (VTE). Das gilt in den ersten 5 Jahren nach der Diagnose. Eine Studie mit 24 355 Überlebenden und einer Beobachtungszeit > 20 Jahre belegt jetzt, dass auch viele Jahre nach der Neoplasie eine Risikosteigerung vorliegt und in bestimmten Situationen Vorsichtsmaßnahmen erwogen werden sollten.
Gesunde Snacks für zwischendurch
Authors: Nebel Gudrun
Published: July 2019

Im Praxisalltag geht es oft recht hektisch zu. Manchmal bleibt kaum Zeit, um sich zwischen zwei Terminen etwas zu stärken. Doch die Ruhe zum Essen, die Sie Ihren Patienten empfehlen, sollten Sie selbst auch umsetzen können. Ein Apfel oder eine Reiswaffel sind zwar leichte, aber auf die Dauer recht einseitige Verpflegungen für zwischendurch. In diesem Beitrag sind Rezepte für leckere und stärkende Snacks herausgesucht, die Vitalstoffe für die Nerven liefern.
The Thin bilateral and bipedicled DIEAP flap for axillary reconstruction in hidradenitis suppurativa
Authors: D'Arpa Salvatore , Pignatti Marco , Vieni Salvatore , Muradov Mismil , Blondeel Phillip , Cordova Adriana
Published: July 2019

Einführung Die Rekonstruktion der Axilla nach Resektion bei fortgeschrittener Hidradenitis suppurativa (Akne inversa) erfolgt in unserer Erfahrung mit gestielten Perforans-Lappenplastiken, die eine funktionelle Rekonstruktion und einen Funktionserhalt der Schulter erlauben. Die Verfügbarkeit der Haut ist um die Axilla durch die Notwendigkeit eines primären Verschlusses der Entnahmestelle begrenzt. In dieser Arbeit werden die Anwendung und die Ergebnisse von bilateralen freien DIEP-Lappenplastiken bei Patienten mit bilateraler und großflächiger Resektion vorgestellt.

Patienten und Methoden Von Oktober 2008 bis Oktober 2018 wurden 39 Patienten mit Hidradenitis suppurativa chirurgisch behandelt. Bei 11 dieser Patienten erfolgte eine bilaterale Rekonstruktion mit bilateraler DIEP-Lappenplastik (22 Lappenplastiken). Bei einem Patienten wurde eine unilaterale Rekonstruktion mithilfe einer doppelt gestielten DIEP-Lappenplastik durchgeführt. Insgesamt wurden 23 Lappenpkastiken verwendet. Zwölf Lappenplastiken wurden über der Scarpa-Faszie gehoben, 6 Lappenplastiken wurden nach der Dissektion ausgedünnt. Drei Lappenplastiken wurden in der ersten Phase nicht ausgedünnt. Die durchschnittliche Lappengröße betrug bei den bilateralen Lappenplastiken 14 × 17 cm und beim doppelt gestielten Lappenplastiken 15 × 32 cm.

Ergebnisse Die mittlere Nachbeobachtungszeit lag bei 64 Monaten. Die durchschnittliche Operationsdauer lag bei 324 Minuten. Es wurden keine Lappennekrosen festgestellt. In zwei Fällen kam es zu einer axillären, in einem Fall zu einer abdominalen Wunddehiszenz. Diese wurden alle konservativ behandelt. Bei einem Patienten wurde an beiden Operationsstellen ein Pyoderma gangraenosum beobachtet, das nach Kortisontherapie abheilte. Bei den Lappenplastiken, die während des primären Eingriffs ausgedünnt wurden, war keine Revision erforderlich. Die drei Patienten mit den nicht ausgedünnten Lappen benötigten nach drei Monaten eine Liposuktion zur Ausdünnung. In einem Fall kam es zu einem Krankheitsrezidiv. Dieses war unilateral und wurde chirurgisch behandelt.

Schlussfolgerungen Die Rekonstruktion der Axilla mit DIEP-Lappenplastiken ermöglicht die Rekonstruktion großer und bilateraler Defekte in einem einzigen Eingriff mit primärem Verschluss der Entnahmestelle. Wenn die Lappenplastik während der Operation ausgedünnt wird, scheint postoperativ keine weitere Ausdünnung erforderlich zu sein. Ansonsten sollte der Lappen drei Monate nach dem Ersteingriff durch Liposuktion ausgedünnt werden.
Wie sinnvoll ist Rohkost?
Authors: Feichtinger Johanna
Published: July 2019

Die Rohkosternährung ist eine vieldiskutierte Ernährungsform, die es in verschiedenen Ausprägungen und Formen gibt. Sie kann Nachteile als auch gesundheitsfördernde Einsatzmöglichkeiten mit sich bringen.