bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Mandatory and Default Regulation in Company Law in the Czech Republic
Authors: Eichlerová Kateřina
Published: September 2020

The distinction between mandatory and default rules is very important. If default rules are considered mandatory, this leads to a restriction of freedom. Conversely, if mandatory rules are considered default, this leads to a violation of the law and undesirable interference in the sphere of persons who should be protected by law. The article focuses on the development of the nature of company law in the Czech Republic and show the current state of discussion and case law in this area. The author concludes that the scope for private autonomy has increased considerably with the recodification of private law. This is caused not only by a more liberal regulation of companies contrary to pre-recodification, but also by the intense discussion that the new regulation has provoked. Thanks to the new legislation, the institutes of company law can be rethought. This then allows the start of a teleological interpretation of rules in searching their natures.
Loyalty in Civil-Law Relationships as Found in the Polish Law
Authors: Lewandowska Ewa
Published: September 2020

This paper discusses manifestations of loyalty as found in selected civil-law regulations, as well as the possible consequences of disloyalty, either during negotiations or for the duration of the obligation relationship, and as exemplified by Actio pauliana. Furthermore, it explores situations where ‘contractual’ loyalty stands in conflict with behaviour loyal towards other participants in the economy. It has been established that the categories of norms wherein broadly understood loyalty plays a special role are a part of the civil-law principles. It has been demonstrated that due to the unique nature of each situation, the introduction of the duty of loyalty as a general directive would be undesirable.
Civil-Law Partnership in the System of Counteracting Money Laundering and Terrorism Financing (AML/CFT)
Authors: Majewski Kamil
Published: September 2020

This article addresses the problems of legal status of the so-called civil-law partnership, as specified in Art. 860 § 1 of the Polish Civil Code, from the point of view of performing the obligations in the area of counteracting money laundering and terrorism financing. First, the author provides a detailed characterization of this civil law institution and resolves that the civil-law partnership does not have legal subjectivity separate from its partners, and then points to the consequences of the above facts in the area of counteracting money laundering and terrorism financing. In conclusion, the author formulates a general conclusion that the obligations in respect of counteracting money laundering and terrorism financing, including financial safeguards, should be applied to the civil-law partnership partners, as customers in the understanding of Art. 2(2) item 10 of the Polish AML Act.
DIMENSÕES PESSOAIS E PROFISSIONAIS NA CONSTRUÇÃO IDENTITÁRIA DOS PROFESSORES DE GEOGRAFIA
Authors: Maciel de Souza Andrade Cristiane , Zordan Costella Roselane
Published: September 2020

O presente artigo refere-se a uma discussão teórica de pesquisa em andamento que tem como objeto de estudo a análise das dimensões da construção identitária do professor de Geografia da educação básica. Para tanto, como objetivo principal, propõe- se compreender como as histórias pessoais e experiências profissionais dos professores são meios privilegiados de reflexão e de possibilidade de ação no aperfeiçoamento da prática docente. A relevância desta temática se pauta por constatar que as dimensões profissionais se entrecruzam sempre, inevitavelmente, com as dimensões pessoais, estando, portanto, entrelaçadas às trajetórias docentes e à própria trajetória de vida. O trabalho busca apontar a estreita relação dessa identidade profissional na perspectiva formativa do tornar-se professor de Geografia, com suas histórias e experiências de aprendizagem na realidade em que se encontra. Para isso, intencionamos promover um estudo sobre as dimensões constituintes da identidade docente por acreditar que a ressignificação da ação profissional do professor de Geografia possa derivar da perspectiva reflexiva ao compreender o desenvolvimento profissional ancorado no desenvolvimento pessoal. Trata-se de uma pesquisa de natureza qualitativa, pautada no método (auto)autobiográfico, com ênfase nas histórias de vida, utilizando as narrativas de vida dos professores sujeitos desta pesquisa como procedimento para a produção de dados.
Palavras-chave
Professor de Geografia, Identidade docente, Dimensões pessoais e profissionais.
Índices de libros recensionados
Authors: A. V.
Published: September 2020

.
Bourgine, B. Bible oblige. Essai de Théologie biblique. Paris: Ed. Cerf, 2019, 303 pp. [978-2-204-13438-5]
Authors: Villagrán Medina Gonzalo
Published: September 2020

.
Elderly-onset rheumatoid arthritis: an outlook from a practicing rheumatologist
Authors: Baimukhamedov Ch.
Published: September 2020

All current challenges and concerns associated with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) in the elderly are analyzed from the point of view of a practicing rheumatologist, including issues of terminology and diagnostics, the need to develop classification criteria for RA presenting at old age. This paper also discusses RA management in the elderly during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. A multicenter international study, initiated by the League of Eurasian Rheumatologists, can provide necessary insight to develop unified recommendations for RAP.
Caregivers of Stroke Survivors’ Perspectives on Stressful Caregiver Activities
Authors: Thomas Mary , Watson Julie
Published: September 2020

Date Presented 03/26/20

The purpose of this phenomenological study was to gain insight into the caregiver stress experience when assisting with activities of daily living (ADL) for a person with a stroke. Caregivers reported physical and emotional or psychological stressors related to providing ADL assistance during the occupation of caregiving and requested more support at home. OT practitioners are uniquely suited to address the support needs of caregivers and have the potential to make a positive impact on their lives.

Primary Author and Speaker: Mary Thomas

Additional Authors and Speakers: Julie Watson
Better Habits, Brighter Futures: Outcomes of a Habit-Training Program for People in a Community-Based Supported-Housing Program
Authors: Wang YiNao , Muñoz Jaime , Wild Rev. Kellie , McCartin John
Published: September 2020

Date Presented 03/26/20

This presentation reports outcomes of a program designed for adults with substance-abuse disorder living in supported housing. Interventions stressed practical competencies and building functional habits and routines, including self-directed goal setting, to support participants’ recovery and capacity to transition to independent community housing. Collaboration with case managers and housing specialists enhanced outcomes and simultaneously built evidence for the distinct value of OT interventions.

Primary Author and Speaker: YiNao Wang

Additional Authors and Speakers: Jaime Muñoz

Contributing Authors: Rev. Kellie Wild, John McCartin
Upper-Limb Prosthetics: Use of Video Guides to Assist With Activities of Daily Living Performance
Authors: Balko Veronica , Simpson Richard , Whelan Lynsay
Published: September 2020

Date Presented 03/26/20

A major concern for upper-limb prosthesis users noted by prosthetists and OTs is rate of prosthesis rejection. The creation of the video program is one strategy to counteract this concern. The purpose of the program is to provide clients with an additional resource to learn and relearn how to complete daily tasks with their prosthesis. The program in place was designed to determine how effective and helpful the videos are for prosthesis users visiting Össur Touch Solutions.

Primary Author and Speaker: Veronica Balko

Contributing Authors: Richard Simpson, Lynsay Whelan
How Do Behavioral and Virtual-Reality Neglect-Assessment Scores Correlate With Each Other?
Authors: Grattan Emily , Hart Emerson
Published: September 2020

Date Presented 03/26/20

Neglect is a common impairment following stroke. It is important that clinicians assess stroke survivors for neglect, but comprehensive assessment guidelines do not exist. This study provides evidence regarding the concurrent validity of behavioral and virtual reality neglect assessments. These findings can help clinicians select a valid, sensitive, and feasible assessment that can be used in clinical practice.

Primary Author and Speaker: Emily Grattan

Additional Authors and Speakers: Emerson Hart
Adherence to Upper-Extremity Home Exercise Delivered via Mobile App for People With Systemic Sclerosis
Authors: Murphy Susan , Krause Donnamarie , Welsh Erin , Lyden Angela , Barber Mary , Sabbagh Maya , Nagaraja Vivek , Bush Erica , Poole Janet , Khanna Dinesh
Published: September 2020

Date Presented 03/27/20

In the emerging field of telerehab, OTs can provide rehabilitation in novel ways, such as by using apps or other technologies. Adherence to home exercise is a critical part of sustaining therapeutic gains, but often home exercise is not completed and function may decline after discharge. We show how an app was used to track home exercises, as well as facilitators of and barriers to use. Such information will be important for practitioners when considering using apps and other technologies.

Primary Author and Speaker: Susan Murphy

Additional Authors and Speakers: Donnamarie Krause

Contributing Authors: Erin Welsh, Angela Lyden, Mary Barber, Maya Sabbagh, Vivek Nagaraja, Erica Bush, Janet Poole, Dinesh Khanna
The Impact of an Occupational Therapy–Based Handwriting Program for a Preschool Student
Authors: Taylor Breanna , Speight Hailey , McKinney Margaret , Carter Elizabeth , James Lesly , Donica Denise
Published: September 2020

Date Presented 03/28/20

This single-subject study explores the effects of an OT-led handwriting intervention with a prekindergarten student. Using collaborative and coaching approaches with the teacher, intervention included 16 sessions focused on improving areas of letter formation and posture. The findings demonstrated that a structured handwriting curriculum with ongoing collaboration and coaching in a preschool setting maximized occupational performance.

Primary Author and Speaker: Breanna Taylor

Additional Authors and Speakers: Lesly James, Denise Donica

Contributing Authors: Hailey Speight, Margaret McKinney, Elizabeth Carter
Determination of genetic variation within the DYRK2 gene and its associations with milk traits in cattle
Authors: Mao Cui , Ju Xing , Cheng Haijian , Huang Xixia , Jiang Fugui , Yao Yuni , Lan Xianyong , Song Enliang
Published: September 2020

Abstract. To speed up the progress of marker-assisted selection (MAS) in cattle
breeding, the dual-specificity tyrosine phosphorylation-regulated kinase 2
(DYRK2), cadherin 2 (CDH2), and kinesin family member 1A (KIF1A) genes were chosen based
on our pervious genome-wide association study (GWAS) analysis results.
DYRK2 is a kinase that may participate in cell growth and/or development; it
shows phosphorylation activity toward serine, threonine, and tyrosine
fragments of proteins, and it is different from other protein kinases. The CDH2 gene
encodes a classic cadherin, which is a member of the cadherin superfamily. The
protein encoded by KIF1A is a member of the kinesin family and plays a role in
the transportation of membrane organelles along axon microtubules. We
detected insertion/deletion (InDel) variation in these three candidate genes
in 438 individual cattle (Xinjiang Brown cattle and Wagyu × Luxi
crossbreed cattle). Only DYRK2-P3-11 bp was polymorphic and genotyped. The
polymorphism information content of DYRK2-P3-11 bp was 0.336. Correlation analyses
showed that InDel polymorphism was significantly associated with six
different milk traits. These findings may aid future analyses of InDel
genotypes in cattle breeds, and speed up the progress of MAS in cattle
breeding.
Nitrate assimilation and regeneration in the Barents Sea: insights from nitrogen isotopes
Authors: Tuerena Robyn E. , Hopkins Joanne , Ganeshram Raja S. , Norman Louisa , de la Vega Camille , Jeffreys Rachel , Mahaffey Claire
Published: September 2020

Abstract. While the entire Arctic Ocean is warming rapidly, the Barents Sea in particular is experiencing significant warming and sea ice retreat. An increase in ocean heat transport from the Atlantic is causing the Barents Sea to be transformed from a cold, salinity stratified system into a warmer, less-stratified Atlantic-dominated climate regime. Productivity in the Barents Sea shelf is fuelled by waters of Atlantic origin (AW), which are ultimately exported to the Arctic basin. The consequences of this current regime shift on the nutrient characteristics of the Barents Sea are poorly defined. Here we use the stable isotopic ratios of nitrate (δ15N-NO3, δ18O-NO3), to determine the uptake and modification of AW nutrients in the Barents Sea. In summer months, phytoplankton consume nitrate, surface waters become nitrate depleted, and particulate nitrogen (δ15N-PN) reflects the AW nitrate source. The ammonification of organic matter in shallow sediments resupplies N to the water column through the season. Low δ18O-NO3 in the northern Barents Sea reveals that the nitrate in lower temperature Arctic Waters is > 80 % regenerated through seasonal nitrification. During on shelf nutrient uptake and regeneration, there is no significant change to δ15N-NO3 or N*, suggesting benthic denitrification does not impart an isotopic imprint on pelagic nitrate. Our results demonstrate that the Barents Sea is distinct from other Arctic shelves, where coupled partial nitrification-denitrification enriches δ15N-NO3 and decreases N*. Our results suggest that any current or future changes to productivity on the Barents Sea shelf are unlikely to alter the magnitude or isotopic signature of nutrient supply exported to the central Arctic basin. However, we suggest that the AW nutrient source ultimately determines Barents Sea productivity and changes to this supply may alter Barents Sea primary production and subsequent nutrient supply to the central Arctic Ocean.
Plant communities and habitat types in the protected area of Lake Pamvotis (Epirus, Northwestern Greece)
Authors: Sarika Maria , Christopoulou Anastasia , Zikos Andreas , Kazanis Dimitrios , Bazos Ioannis
Published: September 2020

The vegetation of the protected area of Lake Pamvotis (Epirus, NW Greece) was studied and classified into habitat types according to the Council Directive 92/43/EEC. The main vegetation types encountered in the Ioannina Basin and the south-western part of Mt Mitsikeli are: (1) Quercus coccifera shrublands, (2) degraded deciduous oak forests, (3) Mediterranean arborescent mattorals with Juniperus, (4) Oro-Mediterranean heathlands, (5) willow low open forests, (6) οriental plane woods, (7) plant communities supported by calcareous substrates, (8) aquatic macrophyte assemblages, (9) reed beds and rush meadows. Twenty plant communities belonging to twelve alliances, eleven orders, and ten phytosociological classes were discerned. The Asplenio ceterach-Aurinietum saxatilae is described as a new association and the Eleocharito palustris-Alismatetum lanceolati is reported for the first time from Greece. Eleven habitat types were identified and their conservation status was assessed. Three habitat types (4090, 8210, 91M0) were in favourable conservation status, while one (5210) is in unfavourable-bad conservation status. The rest are in unfavourable-inadequate conservation status, with several pressures and threats recorded.
Mecanismos de explotación en el capitalismo digital. Modelos de plusvalía en Red
Authors: Rodríguez Prieto Rafael
Published: September 2020

El pensamiento materialista nos ha dotado de herramientas muy útiles para el análisis de los procesos sociales. La plusvalía ha sido uno de los hallazgos más relevantes al desvelar los procedimientos de acumulación del capital y la explotación. En la actualidad, la plusvalía se ha ido transformado y adaptando a un ‘nuevo territorio virtual’ que ofrece Internet. En este artículo se distinguen dos modos de plusvalía en Red. Se analizan tanto aquella que procede de los datos y su expresión, especialmente, en las redes sociales y aquella que se obtiene gracias a la economía colaborativa. El artículo propone no solo su identificación y crítica, sino el uso de la producción socialmente útil y, por tanto, la democratización de la producción como herramientas para contrarrestarlas.
Mi experiencia como repartidor de Deliveroo y el intento por articular nuestra lucha desde la estructura sindical de UGT
Authors: Díez Prat Felipe , Ranz Martín Rubén
Published: September 2020

En el mes de febrero del año 2017 comencé a ser repartidor de Deliveroo. De un día para otro, pasé de estar sin trabajo y sin dinero, a ser oficialmente un emprendedor de la emergente economía de los pequeños encargos. Sin embargo, ahí fue cuando comenzó realmente la competencia por sobrevivir y comprender cómo se articula este modelo de trabajo que, bajo la idea de autonomía y flexibilidad, te obliga constantemente a superar tus propios límites físicos y mentales. A partir de ahí también empezó la lucha por la organización con mis compañeros para intentar frenar este modelo y que se reconozcan las condiciones a las que estamos sometidos, lo que nos ha llevado a distintas experiencias y, poco a poco, a lograr poner nuestra situación en el centro del debate social y judicial. De modo que este es un pequeño relato, sacado en gran parte de mi propia experiencia como repartidor, que etnografié para mi tesis doctoral, en donde cuento el recorrido desde que comencé a ser repartidor, los problemas para la organización, cómo operan las empresas, los principales juicios que hemos afrontado, etc., hasta acabar trabajando en la acción sindical dentro de UGT, dedicado a las plataformas digitales. Por lo que, si bien el presente artículo está narrado en primera persona, también reúne las experiencias al interior de UGT, sus estrategias y el modo en que nos fuimos organizando conjuntamente.
No hay alternativa al socialismo: los límites de la lucha de clases en el capitalismo digital
Authors: Cancela Rodríguez Ekaitz
Published: September 2020

Este trabajo parte de una aproximación crítica hacia la teoría del monopolio, sea su vertiente neoclásica o marxista, a fin de presentar una lectura de la digitalización centrada en las consideraciones estructurales del capitalismo, no en la actuación de una serie de firmas. Al igual que en cualquier otro estadio del modo de producción, la necesidad de los capitalistas es aumentar la rentabilidad a largo plazo de sus operaciones. Por tanto, la estrategia en la lucha de estos contra la clase desposeída se encuentra encaminada hacia la explotación mediante la ampliación de los tiempos y la intensidad de trabajo. A continuación, se argumenta que, si bien las firmas de Silicon Valley cuentan con tecnologías extremadamente desarrolladas para establecer nuevos modelos de taylorismo, las lógicas estructurales del capitalismo siguen siendo la misma que cuando Marx redactó El Capital. Por tanto, analizar las estrategias contra los trabajadores que desarrollan su actividad en empresas digitales y exponer los límites de una lucha centrada en el trabajo se torna necesario. Este artículo concluye con un llamamiento a la fuerzas de izquierda para que exijan una forma de socialismo digital.
Síndrome de Takotsubo en el Instituto Salvadoreño del Seguro Social
Authors: Medrano Griceyda B. , Sandoval Wendy J.
Published: September 2020

El síndrome de Tako-Tsubo fue descrito por primera vez en 1990 por Sato et al. Se caracteriza por la hipocinesia o acinesia apical transitoria del ventrículo izquierdo y coronarias normales por cateterismo. Se presenta un caso clínico de una paciente femenina ingresada con cuadro sospechoso de síndrome coronario posterior a desencadenante emocional, que cumple criterios propuestos por la clínica Mayo 2008 para el diagnóstico de Síndrome Tako-Tsubo.La importancia de identificar este síndrome radica en que su presentación clínica simula un infarto agudo del miocardio; sin embargo, su pronóstico y morbimortalidad son diferentes
Tendencias de la pandemia por Covid-19 a partir de los casos confirmados en Chile desde el 3 de marzo hasta el 20 de junio de 2020
Authors: Díaz Narváez Víctor Patricio
Published: September 2020

Dada la situación que existe con los datos aportados por la anterior Autoridad Sanitaria en relación con los lamentables fallecimientos atribuidos al COVID-19 y la entrega abrupta de cientos de casos confirmados que permanecían sin reportar, constituye una imposibilidad estadístico-matemática la realización de estimaciones de tendencia serias, responsables, hechas con el menor sesgo posible y, por tanto, respetuosas del lector. Esto no será posible hasta que la entrega de datos oficiales pueda demostrar una cierta distribución de acuerdo a las leyes epidemiológicas del comportamiento de una pandemia (a partir de las características del virus en cuestión y de las condiciones donde este opera), claridad conceptual en la clasificación de compatriotas afectados por esta patología y confiabilidad necesaria de los datos entregados por las Autoridades Sanitarias. Por esta razón he tomado la decisión de no seguir haciendo estimaciones que podrían conducir a una mayor confusión que la introducida por la anterior autoridad sanitaria. La clarificación del comportamiento de esta pandemia, tarea que asumí unilateralmente, fue impulsada por las características que asumía esta pandemia y por la insólita actitud frente a ella por parte de la Autoridad Sanitaria en nuestro país. No fue para confundir aún más a los posibles lectores.
Impacto del cambio climático en la salud de El Salvador
Authors: Portillo Sorto Elmer Jehovani
Published: September 2020

El cambio climático ocasiona fenómenos atmosféricos extremos, exceso de contaminación, aumento de plagas, aumenta la mortalidad por temperaturas extremas, escasez de alimentos y agua, efectos en plantas y animales, con implicaciones directas e indirectas en la salud. El objetivo es reflexionar y crear conciencia del impacto que tiene el cambio climático en la salud y, de esta manera, incentivar el inicio de acciones de prevención y promoción que ayuden a contrarrestar dicho impacto. La metodología consistió en la revisión bibliográfica y análisis descriptivo y transversal sobre el impacto del cambio climático en la salud en El Salvador. En conclusión, la problemática sobre el impacto del cambio climático en la salud debe ser abordada en forma conjunta con el involucramiento de sectores claves en estos procesos, como instituciones educativas públicas y privadas (escuelas, colegios, universidades), empresas, industrias, maquilas que fomenten una conducta proambiental, a fin de conservar y proteger el entorno, no sobrexplotar los recursos, disminuir el consumo de energía eléctrica, evitar la contaminación; además, conectar nuestras actividades equilibradamente con los procesos ambientales en curso. Así mismo, impulsar, profundizar y defender una genuina y amplia participación social y comunitaria en salud y medioambiente, asegurar mecanismos de financiamiento y de asignación de recursos que sean solidarios y eficientes; realizar investigación y evaluación del impacto en salud del cambio climático en El Salvador.
An E-Prime Study on the Cognitive Mechanisms of English Predicative Metaphor Comprehension by Chinese EFL Learners
Authors: Su Yuanlian , Liu Jie
Published: September 2020

Studies on predicative metaphors like The rumor flew through the office have not received due attention until recently. Through a behavioural experiment, this study investigates the cognitive mechanisms as well as the effects of familiarity on Chinese EFL learners’ comprehension of English predicative metaphors, adopting a two factors within-subject design: 2 (degree of familiarity: high-familiarity, low-familiarity) × 3 (priming condition: matching priming condition (MP), mismatching priming condition (MMP) and, no priming condition (NP)). Forty-five third-year Chinese undergraduate students participated in the experiment by completing a metaphor semantic comprehension test. Their reaction times (RTs) and accuracy rate of comprehension were recorded and a two-way ANOVA analysis of the results reveals that: Embodied simulation mechanism plays an important role in English predicative metaphor processing, especially when the metaphors being processed are unfamiliar. Yet its role diminishes when the metaphors being processed are highly familiar, which encourages the use of the language processing mechanism. To conclude, Chinese EFL learners make use of either the embodied simulation mechanism or the language processing mechanism in comprehending predicative metaphors, depending on their varying degrees of familiarity. These findings shed light on predicative metaphor instruction in L2 English teaching.
The Potential of Online Technology for Language Learning
Authors: Zeng Shuang
Published: September 2020

This paper concerns language learning with online technologies, with a particular focus on the influence of the social web on language learning. In particular, this paper considers the discourses of web-assisted language learning in detail, and argues the necessity of investigating its ‘new’ affordances from a perspective that is more learner-centered, contextualized and language learning focused. This paper reviewed the relatively long history of using pre- ‘Web 2.0’ technologies and identified the ways in which these applications have been perceived to enhance language learning. This paper enables us to think more clearly about the ‘novelties’ that are associated with online technologies in language learning contexts. 
Chicken Manure: An Alternative in Increasing Production of Sweet Potato (Ipomoea batatas)
Authors: Ferreira Carla Coelho , Brunner Pamela Karoline Correia , Lobato Ana Cecília Nina , Negreiros Tassia Michelli Nogueira , Soares Daniel Oscar Pereira , Castro Albejamere Pereira de
Published: September 2020

Chicken manure is accessible to family farmers, is produced in large volumes, and has a low cost. Therefore, it can be an alternative to increase the productivity of sweet potatoes (Ipomoea batatas), which is a culture of socioeconomic importance. The objective of the study was to evaluate the productivity of sweet potatoes under different doses of chicken manure, with and without liming, comparing to the use of chemical fertilizer NPK, in very clayey soil, from the perspective of economic efficiency. The experiment was conducted in the field from September 2019 to March 2020 in Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil. The experimental design was in randomized blocks with four replications, in a split-plot scheme 2 × 5 + 1 (presence or absence of liming; five doses of chicken manure; and NPK, respectively. The evaluated parameters were: total and commercial productivity; number of total and commercial tuberous roots; harvest index; individual fresh mass, length, and diameter of tuberous roots. The effect of chicken manure was not influenced by the liming and there are no differences in agronomic values related to NPK. The dose of chicken manure that results in maximum production of the queen sweet potato variety is approximately 13 t ha-1, producing 25.2 t ha-1, while the resulting dose in maximum profit is approximately 12 t ha-1 with a production of the 25.1 t ha-1. The selling production directly to the final consumer increased profit by approximately 57.3%. Purchasing the input directly from the manufacturer reduced costs by approximately 74.5%. The use of chicken manure has a greater economic advantage compared to NPK in very clayey soil.
Soil Temperature Patterns During the First Sugarcane Growth Stages Under a Different Crop Management in the Cauca River Valley, Colombia
Authors: Quiñones Andrés Javier Peña , Castiblanco Christian José Mendoza
Published: September 2020

For several years, the Colombian sugarcane industry had sugar and ethanol as its primary products. However, during the last years, sugar mills opened a new market based on products before considered waste. This new market offers a new possibility for harvest-waste utilization. However, if the waste becomes an income source, crop management will change. Collecting sugarcane waste for its utilization in making some other products, would mean a new crop management scenario left the soil bare soil during the first stages of planting and ratoon canes. We simulated a bare soil condition using mesocosms, for the three most representative soil textures of the Cauca river valley, and we measured soil temperature at different depths during the most convenient planting season (March-April). Results demonstrated differences in soil temperature patterns, especially in sandy soils, which tend to have higher thermal amplitudes in all layers. The parameters of linear regressions that relate temperature of layers, including air temperature, give information related to the thermal properties of soils, and therefore, it is possible, under Cauca Valley conditions, in the future to infer soil temperature from air temperature.
Biomass Productivity of Different Winter Cover Crops and Their Effect on Soil Physical Properties
Authors: Reis Willian dos , Sustakowski Monica C. , Seidel Edleusa P. , Lana Maria do C. , Barabasz Renata F. , Santos Natália C. dos
Published: September 2020

The cultivation of cover crops is a vegetative practice considered an alternative for sustainable soil management, due to its beneficial action in different aspects of soil properties. Thus, the present work aimed to evaluate the effect of cultivation of different species of cover crops on soil density, porosity and diameter of soil aggregates. The experimental design was in randomized blocks, with four replications. The treatments consisted of four species of winter green manure: black oat, forage turnip, forage pea, and common vetch, a consortium of black oat + forage turnip and area kept fallow (control). The following evaluations were performed: dry matter production of cover crops, macroporosity, microporosity, total porosity, soil density, geometric mean diameter and weighted average diameter. The cultivation with forage turnip and the consortium of black oat + forage turnip presented higher dry matter productivity, decreased soil density, increased soil porosity, improved the distribution in relation to macropores and aggregate stability.
Occurrence and Severity of Physiological Disorders of Oil Palm (Elaeis guineensis Jacq. L.) in Uganda
Authors: Masika Fred Bwayo , Danso Isaac , Nangonzi Rossette , Amugoli Otuba Moses , Asiimwe Alex , Ddumba Gerald , Ddamulira Gabriel
Published: September 2020

In Africa, oil palm is grown in 25 countries supported by corporate investors. In Uganda, commercial oil palm cultivation began in 2005 in Bugala Islands. Seedlings were imported from countries with established breeding programs. These seedlings were grown in areas with different environmental conditions which have resulted in a number of physiological disorders. The aim of this research was to determine the major physiological disorders in oil palm fruit bunches in Uganda. The study was carried out in the adaptive trials in Kagadi, Bugiri, Buvuma and Masaka Districts and in the different smallholder farmer blocks in Kalangala District. Data was collected on bunch rot, bunch failure and uneven ripening. Sampling was carried out in oil palm plantations above five years of age. Three fields were selected from each unit and three units from each block by the help of the Agricultural Extension Officers (AEOs). Palms were randomly sampled and assessed for presence of bunch rot, bunch failure and uneven ripening symptoms. The incidence was expressed as a percentage of the total number of palms sampled while the severity of bunch rot disease was scored on a scale of 0-4. From the results, the differences in bunch rot and bunch failure in adaptive trials were statistically significant as well as across seasons (P < 0.05). Uneven ripening was not statistically significant and severity of bunch rot in the different farmer blocks in Kalangala was statistically significant (P = 0.03). Uneven ripening was high across smallholder farmer blocks in Kalangala and was statistically significant (P = 0.05) even across seasons (P < 0.05). These results are important for sensitization of farmers on management of oil palm disorders and essential for guiding policy makers and investors as the oil palm industrial sector is being developed in Uganda. This study calls for determination of water deficit at the various ecological zones and its relationship to physiological disorders as a guide for further oil palm estate development.
Characterization of Pectin from Pulp and Peel of Ugandan Cooking Bananas at Different Stages of Ripening
Authors: Mugampoza Diriisa , Gafuma Samuel , Kyosaba Peacekind , Namakajjo Richard
Published: September 2020

East African highland cooking bananas (EA-AAA) are a staple food and major source of calories for Ugandans. Cooking bananas are considerably wasted along the postharvest chain majorly due to poor handling and ripening. Banana waste is a potential source of secondary products such as pectin, wine, beer to mention a few. The aim of this study was to extract and characterize pectin from selected cooking bananas at various stages of ripening in order to assess their potential for commercial pectin production. Pectin was extracted from the bananas at five stages of ripening i.e. stages 0 (green maturity), 1, 2, 5 and 7. Extracted pectin at stages 2, 5 & 7 was characterized. Pectin yield from banana pulp decreased significantly with ripening (P<0.05) from between 18.1 to 22.65% at green maturity to between 0.65 to 1.28% at stage 7 of ripening. Pectin yield from banana peels was generally lower decreasing from between 5.34 to 6.61% at green maturity to between 1.01 to 1.38% at stage 7. The equivalent weight (1774 to 10144) of the pectin at selected stages of ripening was not significantly different (P>0.05) except individually. Methoxyl content was not significantly different among cultivars (P>0.05), however, it increased significantly through ripening stages (P<0.05). Anhydrouronic acid (AUA) ranged between 24.51 to 67.38% and increased with stage of ripening. AUA of pectin from pulp and peel did not differ significantly (P>0.05). The degree of esterification at each of the three stages was generally high (77 to 94%) implying high gelling power. These results showed that purity of pectin increases while yield decreases with ripening and that banana pectin has a high degree of esterification implying rapid set pectin. Thus, banana peel and pulp can be good sources of industrial pectin.
The effect of glassy carbon and
cancellous bone admixture on
performance and thermal properties
of acrylic bone cements
Authors: Choryłek P. , Postawa P.
Published: September 2020

Purpose: of the research is to physically modify the composition of bone cements with
glassy carbon and cancellous bone to improve its performance, reduce polymerization
temperature and reduce the ability of cements the effect of admixture on the phenomenon
of relaxation.
Design/methodology/approach: SpinePlex bone cement was modified with glassy
carbon powder with 20-50 μm granulation with Maxgraft®. Maxgraft cancellous bone has
been ground to 20-50 μm grains. Samples of unmodified cements (reference) and modified
with glassy carbon and cancellous bone were prepared for the tests. The glassy carbon
powder and ground cancellous bone were premixed with the cement copolymer powder,
and then the premix prepared this way was spread in a liquid monomer. To delay the
polymerization process, all components were cooled before mixing to 15°C. The addition of
glassy carbon was 0.4 g and the addition of cancellous bone was 0.2 g per 20 g of cement
powder, i.e. about 1.96% by mass. Polymerization temperature, relaxation and differential
scanning calorimetry tests were performed on the samples made.
Findings: Additives used allow: to reduce the polymerization temperature, as well as
rheological properties. During the studies it was found that the additive which can meet the
requirements is glassy carbon in form of powder and cancellous bone.
Research limitations/implications: The results presented in the publication require
further advanced research, which will be the subject of further modification attempts by the
research team.
Practical implications: The conducted tests showed a significant effect of glassy
carbon as a modifier on the mechanical properties of cement after its solidification, but
also on the course of the polymerization process. Temperature registration tests during
crosslinking, tests of mechanical properties (behaviour of cement samples under load) and
DSC differential scanning calorimetry analysis confirmed that the addition of glassy carbon
had an effect on each of these aspects.
Originality/value: The original in these studies is the possibility to improve fundamental
properties of the selected bone cements by using different than commonly used additives.
Wpływ narażenia zawodowego na rozpuszczalniki organiczne oraz metale i ich związki na rozrodczość
Authors: Miranowicz Katarzyna
Published: September 2020

W artykule zaprezentowano przegląd danych literaturowych, które obrazują skutki narażenia zawodowego na wybrane metale oraz rozpuszczalniki organicznego pochodzenia. Zarówno prezentowane w tekście ołów, rtęć i kadm, jak i opisywane rozpuszczalniki to substancje, które występują wciąż często w środowisku pracy, zwłaszcza w przemyśle, chociażby w branżach: recyklingowej, kosmetycznej, tekstylnej czy elektronicznej, żeby wymienić tylko kilka przykładów. Narażenie zawodowe na obie te grupy związków chemicznych, które przekracza wartości referencyjne, wywołuje poważne skutki zdrowotne – chociażby w odniesieniu do płodności i rozrodczości, ale i takie, które mogą się ujawnić dopiero po wielu latach.
Reducing suicidal behaviour in people with complex needs: Addressing the challenge of implementing dialectical behaviour therapy
Authors: Swales Michaela A.
Published: September 2020

Dialektisk atferdsterapi (DBT) er en evidensbasert psykoterapimetode som opprinnelig ble utviklet som en behandling for mennesker med emosjonelt ustabil personlighetsforstyrrelse med særlig fokus på selvmords- og selvskadingsatferd. Denne artikkelen beskriver hvordan DBT spesifikt behandler både vedvarende risikofaktorer som bidrar til selvmords- og selvskadingsatferd, og akutte selvmordskriser når de oppstår. Til tross for at Dialektisk atferdsterapi har betydelig effekt i behandlingen av selvmords- og selvskadeatferd, byr DBT på noen utfordringer for implementering i daglig klinisk praksis. Artikkelen diskuterer disse utfordringene og hvordan de kan løses.
Mødre og døtre - bokanmeldelse
Authors: Larsen Kim
Published: September 2020

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A very human ending. How suicide haunt our species. Bokanmeldelse
Authors: Larsen Kim
Published: September 2020

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Opplæring av Røde Kors-frivillige i holdninger, kunnskap og ferdigheter i møte med personer i selvmordsfare
Authors: Nilsson Hanne Sofie Wernø
Published: September 2020

Lokale nøkkelpersoner, slik som Røde Kors-frivillige, er i kontakt med sårbare mennesker i lokalsamfunnet og deriblant personer i selvmordsfare. Mange er imidlertid ikke godt nok forberedt på å oppdage og henvise personer i selvmordsfare videre til profesjonell hjelp. Denne studien hadde som formål å undersøke om opplæring av Røde Kors-frivillige forbedrer egenrapporterte holdninger og øker kunnskap og trygghet i møte med personer i selvmordsfare. Forskningsdesignet var en prospektiv enkeltgruppe pre- og posttest-evaluering. Det ble inkludert 81 deltakere som hadde besvart både pre- og posttesten i analysene. Opplæringseffektene ble målt ved hjelp av et spørreskjema, som ble administrert før og etter opplæringen, med tre utfallsvariabler; 1) holdninger til selvmord, 2) kunnskap om intervensjon ved selvmordsfare og 3) trygghet i å identifisere personer i selvmordsfare og motivere til hjelpesøkende atferd. Etter opplæring var den gjennomsnittlige sumskåren for uhensiktsmessige holdninger redusert fra 12.40 til 8.73 tilsvarende en moderat effekt (d = .61). Den gjennomsnittlige sumskåren for kunnskap om intervensjon ved selvmordsfare økte fra 1.69 til 1.99 tilsvarende liten effekt (d = -.27). Deltakerne var også tryggere i å intervenere ved selvmordsfare etter kurset (M = 8.60, M = 12.93) tilsvarende stor effekt (d = -.69). De positive resultatene av opplæringen gir støtte til videre implementering av kursmodulen i Røde Kors, og åpner dørene for tilsvarende opplæring for andre grupper av lokale nøkkelpersoner i Norge
Schriften zur Kultur
Authors: Harich Wolfgang , Heyer Andreas
Published: September 2020

"Jean Pauls Revolutionsdichtung" was first published in 1974 in East and West Germany. The book is Harich's attempt to clarify the connections between philosophy, literature and culture in Germany in the decade of the French Revolution. The spectrum of authors and theorists discussed ranges from Goethe and Schiller to Kant, from Herder to Jacobi. Using the three great novels by Jean Paul, Harich attempts to reconstruct this time with its conflicts, fears and hopes. In the 1980s, he tried to submit a second edition of his work in the GDR several times. However, his wish was not granted. In the second subvolume of this edition, further minor manuscripts about Jean Paul are published.
Human Security
Authors: Kwon David ,   Center for Peace and Justice Education at Villanova University
Published: September 2020

There is a growing discussion of the idea of jus post bellum (jpb) and what it means as an addition to just war thinking. This essay connects jpb to the thought of Augustine and Aquinas, so that jpb appears as integral in that tradition. To make this case, I argue that achieving jpb is key to building a just peace, of which the fundamental characteristic must be human security, and thus defines two approaches to the study of human security that emerges from the theological development of jpb ethics: Michael Schuck’s Augustinian and Kenneth Himes’s Thomistic jpb conceptions. I argue that they both emphasize the importance of human security, as shown by their arguments for building humanitarian norms post bellum, but have different aims and jpb moral implications.
From Religion and Resources to Conflict: the Yazidis and ISIS
Authors: Foutz Brittany ,   Center for Peace and Justice Education at Villanova University
Published: September 2020

The Yazidis, surely one of the most unknown communities in the Middle East, made it to the front page of international media in 2014 when the Dáesh added them to their long list of victims. However, it was not the first time in history that this community suffered direct attacks and discrimination for their religion. On October 5, Iraq celebrated the award of the Nobel Peace Prize to one of its citizens, Nadia Murad, awarded for her fight against the use of sexual violence as a weapon in armed conflict. With this, Murad placed her people, the Yazidis, a religious minority in northern Iraq, in the center of hundreds of articles in the international press. Murad was also the first Kurd to win the award, which made her, as stated by the leader of the Kurdistan National Party, a symbol of firmness for Kurdish women and youth.
Understanding Peacebuilding in Derry/Londonderry, Northern Ireland
Authors: Byrne Sean , Cummer Ashleigh ,   Center for Peace and Justice Education at Villanova University
Published: September 2020

Two qualitative data sets from 2010 and 2016 are compared to explore the respondents’ perceptions of peacebuilding in the wake of the 1998 Belfast Agreement (BA) and the ensuing peace process. Fifty-two Civil Society Organization (CSO) leaders from Londonderry/Derry were interviewed during the summer of 2010 to delve into their perceptions of the BA, and building cross community contact through peacebuilding and reconciliation processes. The International Fund for Ireland and the European Union Peace Fund funded these respondents CSO peacebuilding projects. They held many viewpoints on peacebuilding. Seven grassroots peacebuilders from Derry/Londonderry were interviewed in 2016. These peacebuilders revealed that Northern Ireland has a long way to go to build an authentic and genuine peace. A key stumbling block to the Northern Ireland peace process is heightened societal segregation that results from the BA institutionalizing sectarianism, and the recent fallout from Brexit. Politicians continue to refuse addressing the past that has long-term implications for peace.
The Philosophical Roots of Western Misogyny
Authors: Mercer Christia ,   University of Arkansas Press
Published: September 2020

In this paper, I examine the arguments offered by prominent ancient philosophers (Plato and Aristotle) and medical theorists (Hippocrates and Galen) to justify the view that female bodies are imperfect or “mutilated” compared to male bodies from which it is supposed to follow that women are morally inferior to men. These arguments rendered men superior to women and justified the need for women to subjugate themselves to their procreative powers and to the wisdom of their superiors. Western sexism and misogyny has its roots here. It is unsettling to witness the ease with which a few men writing millennia ago laid the groundwork for centuries of sexism and depressing to realize that many of our contemporaries embrace the residue of these ancient ideas. But it is important for us to understand how these sexist attitudes arose, how they maintained themselves, and how utterly contingent they are.
What Could It Mean to Say, “Capitalism Causes Sexism and Racism?”
Authors: Wills Vanessa ,   University of Arkansas Press
Published: September 2020

Marxism is a materialist theory that centers economic life in its analysis of the human social world. This materialist orientation manifests in explanations that take economic class to play a fundamental causal role in determining the emergence, character, and development of race-and sex-based oppression—indeed, of all forms of identity-based oppression within class societies. To say that labor is mediated by class in a class-based society is to say that, in such societies, the class-based division of that activity which produces and reproduces the human species is the definite form in which labor appears, and that the human life which is the product of that self-making activity bears its stamp. Marxism’s emphasis on economic factors as central in the constitution and development of human life has been seized upon as evidence of its alleged “class reductionism”—its supposed tendency to think of all aspects of human life as direct and simple expressions of a class relation. No such thing follows; quite the opposite, a correct understanding of the relationships among capitalism, racism, and sexism only further highlights how central the struggle against each is to the struggles against any of the others.
Reflections on . . . Shifting the Educational Narrative
Authors: Mower Deborah S. ,   Philosophy Documentation Center
Published: September 2020

I describe four different approaches to ethics education that are commonly implemented in Ethics Across the Curriculum (EAC) programs: the Case-based, Internalist, Supplementation, and Responsibilist. This typology is useful to categorize the range of institutional practices. As our Society moves into its next twenty years, I consider what we have learned about ethics education and whether we should promote a particular approach. I use a literary resource to shift our perspective and a philosophical resource to introduce a new structure. Using insights from these resources, I offer two proposals. First, I develop a theoretical proposal for an integrated model of ethics education that I call the Comprehensive Ethics Education (CEE) model. Second, I offer two pedagogical proposals for use in quantitative courses and degree programs as well as institution-wide EAC programs.