bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
BİRLEŞİK KRALLIK’IN TERÖRİZMLE MÜCADELESİNDE YASAL DÜZENLEMELERİN SONUÇLARI
Authors: Özkan Kazim Murat , Demirci Ömer Furkan
Published: December 2021

Terörizm; ideolojisi, stratejisi, yöntemi, güdüleyici etkenleri, eylem ve saldırıları; zamana, mekâna ve kuvvetine göre değişiklik gösterse de daima güvenlik için bir tehdit olmuştur. Güvenliğin sağlanması ve istikrarın devamlılığı için askerî, ekonomik, toplumsal ve siyasi alan başta olmak üzere her alanda tedbirler alınmalı, terörizmin nedenleri ortadan kaldırılmalı ve terör örgütlerinin faaliyetleri etkisiz hâle getirilmelidir.
Terörizmle mücadele edebilmek için devletler, değişik stratejiler uygulamakta ve düzenlemeler yapmaktadır. Bu kapsamda; geniş bir ayaklanmayla ve terörizmle mücadele deneyimine sahip Birleşik Krallık 11 Eylül 2001 terör saldırısı sonrasında terörizmle mücadele stratejisinde köklü düzenlemeler yapmıştır. Birleşik Krallık’ın söz konusu düzenlemeler ile proaktif yaklaşım sergilediği, tedbirler geliştirdiği ve diğer devletlerin terörizmle mücadele stratejilerini etkilediği görülmektedir. Bu çalışmada Birleşik Krallık’ın terörizmle mücadele için yaptığı düzenlemeler analiz edilerek, terörizme karşı aldığı tedbirlerin, etkisinin ortaya konulması amaçlanmaktadır. Birleşik Krallık’ın 11 Eylül 2001 saldırıları öncesi ve sonrası süreçte, terörizmle mücadele için yaptığı düzenlemeler belirtilerek karşılaştırmalı analiz yöntemi uygulanmıştır. Veriler, belge incelemesi ile elde edilmiştir. Sonuçta demokrasilerde; tehditlere karşı koymak için gerekli yasal yetkilere sahip olunması ve bunların uygun ve orantılı kullanılması temelinde, güvenlik ve temel özgürlükler arasında denge kurulması gerektiği vurgulanmaktadır.
DEĞİŞEN KARAKTERİ BAĞLAMINDA SAVAŞLA İLGİLİ KAVRAMLARIN YENİDEN SINIFLANDIRILMASI
Authors: Öztürk Hakkı Bahadır
Published: December 2021

Geçmişten günümüze savaşlar, devletler arasındaki güç siyasetinde önemli bir enstrüman olarak yer almaktadır. Değişen dünya politiği nedeniyle günümüzde devletler arasında yaşanan savaşlara geçmişle kıyaslandığında nadiren şahit olunmakta, buna karşın çatışma alanları çok sayıda devlet dışı silahlı aktöre ev sahipliği yapmakta, gerek devletler gerekse devlet dışı aktörler alışılagelmişin dışında çatışma yöntemlerine ve şiddet türlerine yönelmektedir. Dolayısıyla yeni, hibrit, sınırsız, birleşik savaş gibi kavramlar geleneksel savaş türlerine eklemlenerek silahlı çatışma terminolojisini genişletmektedir. Bu çalışma ile askerî ve akademik çevrelerce kullanılan savaş/silahlı çatışma/çatışma kavramları için ortak bir terminoloji oluşturabilmek ve tanımları üzerinden daha kapsamlı bir sınıflandırmaya ulaşabilmek amaçlanmaktadır. Soyut düşünmek için somut kavramlara olan ihtiyacı karşılayabilmek maksadıyla, savaş kavramlar; olguyu oluşturan “kim kiminle, ne maksatla, hangi mekânda, hangi yöntemlerle, hangi şiddet yoğunluğuyla, hangi güç unsurlarını kullanarak” sorularına cevap verecek şekilde sınıflandırılmış ve silahlı çatışma/çatışma içeren kavramların tanımlarına yer verilmiştir. Tanımları esas alarak ulaşılan nihai sınıflandırma sonucunda, savaşı oluşturan unsurların kombinasyonlarını kullanarak savaşla ilgili kavramların sayısının artırılmasının mümkün olabileceği, geleceğin savaş kavramlarının üretiminde teknolojinin ve doğal kaynakların paylaşılmasında ortaya çıkması muhtemel anlaşmazlıkların terminoloji için yeni fırsatlar sunabileceği sonucuna varılmıştır.
Research on the Style Characteristics of Network Hosts
Authors: Li Xinhua
Published: December 2021

There is a distinct difference between the network host style and the traditional host style. Wang Nima, as the "most positive host of three views of speech", is very successful in thinking from the perspective of social psychology. Wang Nima has become one of the symbols of the violent image subculture group through the styles of hiding identity, symbolized cartoon image, symbolized audio language and paralanguage expression, phonetic vocabulary grammar deviation and so on. The use of Wang Nima's image can better stimulate the audience to communicate and deliver the program. At the same time, the youth subculture audience speaks and spits with "opinion leaders" such as Wang Nima, and "opinion leaders" such as Wang Nima become spokespersons with obvious group characteristics. However, its disadvantage is that it can influence the public opinion trend of news on the Internet, and further interfere with the consciousness of individual thinking in the group.
Effect Of Job Satisfaction on Work Discipline Of Employees On Cargo Company
Authors: Nurhayana
Published: December 2021

This study aims to determine the effect of job satisfaction on employee work discipline. The sample in this study were all employees, totaling 40 employees who were used as research samples. The results of SPSS in this study obtained test results on the variable Job Satisfaction Against Work Discipline, namely t count (7,500) > t table \ (2,024). And the significance level obtained is 0.00 <0.05 so it can be concluded that job satisfaction has a significant effect on employee work discipline. The value of R-square (Coefficient of Determinants) is 0.597. It can be concluded that job satisfaction affects the work discipline of PT ABC Cargo Company Pekanbaru Branch by 59.70%.
Trasmigrazioni: cultura materiale e sviluppo dell'identità. Alcune riflessioni sulla produzione di San Vincenzo al Volturno
Authors: Cuomo Marianna
Published: December 2021

The text analyzes the ornamental culture of the monastery of San Vincenzo al Volturno, through the comparison between different classes of materials. Through the analogies between the ornamental motifs, we tried to reconstruct their creative process, on a perceptual basis. The study, in fact, focuses on the relationship between the individual and the environment, exploiting the theories of Gibson, applying them to a particular context such as monasteries.
The goal is to demonstrate how the continuous use of space determines the acquisition of visual information, which, stored in memory, is re-proposed during the creative process. Especially, it is the daily journey of the rooms that guarantees the memorization of the signs and, at the same time, their updating, through the change of perspective that occurs with movement. In the last part, we discuss the perceptive effects of the aniconic paintings in the crypt of Joshua.
Diseño y caracterización de un sistema de respuesta rápida basado en detección piezoeléctrica
Authors: De Sousa Cristina , Manganiello Lisbeth , Millán Antonio , Vega Cristóbal , Yanez-Vergara Wladimir
Published: December 2021

Los arreglos analíticos basados en microbalanzas de cristal de cuarzo (quartz cristal microbalance) actualmente tienen gran importancia por tratarse de técnicas de determinación cualitativa o cuantitativa de especies químicas en forma rápida, además que permiten monitorear el análisis in situ a tiempo real. En el presente estudio se expone el diseño y caracterización de un sistema de respuesta rápida de medida basado en detección piezoeléctrica. Para su elaboración se construyó un circuito oscilatorio, tipo home-made empleando un cristal piezoeléctrico de frecuencia de corte de 10 MHz como medio de detección. Se realizaron mediciones en el equipo sin solvente y sin analito con la finalidad de comprobar la frecuencia de resonancia de corte de fabricación, y posteriormente empleando volúmenes de 10 y 20 µL para el solvente y las soluciones salinas con el objetivo de verificar su respuesta analítica. La curva de calibración obtenida mostró un comportamiento lineal comprendido en el rango de (0,005 – 0,050) % w/v de NaCl con un coeficiente de correlación de 0,9219 y una precisión expresada por la desviación estándar relativa (RSD) de 0,8124. Los resultados permiten establecer que el desarrollo instrumental propuesto puede ser utilizado satisfactoriamente en metodologías que requieran inmediatez de repuesta, alta sensibilidad y bajo volumen de muestra.
Dosis de riego y coeficiente del cultivo (Kc) en la producción del frijol (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) en Lima, Perú.
Authors: Pérez-Iriarte Cruz , Sánchez-Delgado Mi , Razuri-Ramírez Luis , Enciso-Gutiérrez Antonio
Published: December 2021

El objetivo de este estudio fue evaluar el efecto de tres dosis de riego y determinar el coeficiente de cultivo (Kc) en la producción del frijol Canario Centenario. Se empleó un diseño completamente al azar (DCA), con cuatro repeticiones y tres tratamientos: T1 (100 % de ETc), T2 (80 % de ETc) y T3 (60 % de ETc). En cuanto a la altura de planta, diámetro de tallo, vainas por planta, longitud de vainas, peso de 100 granos y rendimiento, no se registraron diferencias estadísticas en el T1 y T2, pero si el T3 es diferente estadísticamente del T1 y T2. En cuanto en el número de granos por vaina y productividad de agua (WP) no se encontró diferencia estadística entre los tratamientos. Él déficit hídrico con el 60 % de ETc afectó todas las variables de crecimiento y rendimiento, mientras que el déficit hídrico del 80 % de ETc no afectó los órganos reproductivos ni vegetativos con un rendimiento menor que el T1, pero con diferencias mínimas, en este sentido se concluye que el T2 se puede emplear satisfactoriamente ya que se obtuvo mejor productividad del agua con respecto al T1 y T3.
Caracterización fisicoquímica y evaluación del impacto ambiental de un efluente petrolero tratado mediante oxidación avanzada de tipo fotoquímico solar
Authors: Centeno-Bordones Guillermo , Labrador-Sánchez Henry , Lara-Moreno Guillermo
Published: December 2021

Esta investigación busca conocer la caracterización fisicoquímica de las aguas residuales petroleras del mejoramiento de crudos, luego de aplicar un proceso de oxidación avanzada (POA) de tipo fotoquímica solar y realizar una evaluación de impacto ambiental. Para lograr este objetivo la caracterización consistió en determinar: pH, conductividad, sulfuros, sulfatos, cloruros, hidrocarburos totales de petróleo (TPH) demanda química de oxígeno (DQO), microextracción en fase sólida para la determinación de compuestos orgánicos mediante Cromatografía de gases acoplado a masa (GC-MS) en mezclas complejas. También se determinó el contenido de metales por la técnica de Espectrometría de Masas con Plasma Acoplado Inductivamente (ICP). La Evaluación de Impacto Ambiental (EIA) fue estudiada mediante una matriz causa–efecto. Como resultado se tiene que la cantidad de materia orgánica medida en DQO es de 2000 mg de O2/L y de TPH de 0 mg/L, la cantidad de sulfato determinada es de 36 900 mg/L, en la muestra se detectó altos niveles de metales como Fe y Mn. La EIA permitió conocer que los factores ambientales más agredidos pudiesen ser el suelo, las aguas superficiales, subterráneas y la fauna y flora dulceacuícola. El factor de riesgo ambiental de estas aguas se redujo a 2 de un máximo de 5.
Design and technological optimization of rubber-reinforced thin-layer movable joints in the structure of a pipeline vibration-isolating compensator
Authors: Shaidurova Galina , Milman Oleg , Kiryukhin Aleksey , Shaidurov Aleksandr
Published: December 2021

Thin-layer rubber-metal elements have been widely used in various fields of technology, including helicopter construction, support parts for bridges, shock absorbers in industrial and civil construction. Their work reliability is determined by the design and technological performance features, which require experimental testing and parametric optimization. The article presents the samples and basic models testing results which were aimed at increasing the strength indicators stability of the adhesive ``rubber-metal'' joints and ensuring the failure-free operation of a rubber-metal product in the structure of a pipeline vibration-isolating compensator.
Some Additional Plants For Agasthyamalai Biosphere Reserve, Tamil Nadu
Authors: Murugesan S. , Rajakumar T.J.S. , Selvakumari R. , Chellaperumal N.
Published: December 2021

The paper enumerates 10 taxa as new record for the Flora of Agasthyamalai Biosphere Reserve (ABR) in Tamil Nadu based on authors’ own collections. Correct nomenclature with citations, family name, brief distinguishing characters, abundance, habitat, exact locality of occurrence, field number and flowering and fruiting period of each taxon has been presented.
Thermohaline structure in the equatorial Indian Ocean during Monsoon-77
Authors: RAO R.R. , SARMA K. D. K. M. , MATHEW BASIL
Published: December 2021

The hydrographic and BT data sets collected in the upper 200 m water column along three zonal transects (2°N, equator and 2°S) in the equatorial Indian Ocean (between 70oE and 90OE) made by USSR ships during the field observational programme of Monsoon-77 (end May/early June 1977) showed prominent eastward depression of thermocline in association with the surface easterly equatorial jet. In the central indian. Ocean, the mixed layer cooling and deepening rates were weak with the. Onset and sway of the summer monsoon over a two month period from end May 1977, but relatively significant changes were noticed in the salinity of the upper 200 m water column. In this region, on a synoptic scale a mild increase in SST is in accor4ance with the net surface heat gain during the last week of July 1977.
Solar energy components in cotton and safflower crops
Authors: RAJEGOWDA M. B.
Published: December 2021

Solar energy components at different phenophases of cotton (Gossypium hirsutum) and safflower (Carthanus tinctorius) crops were measured. The percentage of different components are calculated. Solar energy utilisation component is found maximum during flowering stage in cotton and during seed setting stage in safflower. The albedo is constant till the flowering stage and gradually increases reaching a maximum at the boll development stage and later decreases gradually in the cotton crop. In the case of safflower, the albedo gra dually increases till the seed setting stage is attained and decreases. The transmitted component first decreases and then increases in both the crops.
Variations in meteorological floods during summer monsoon over India
Authors: CHOWDHURY A. , MHASAWADE S. V.
Published: December 2021

In this study, rainfall data of 31 mteorological sub-divisioins in India for 113 years (1875-1987) have been used to develop a flood index and statistical properties of the Index are discussed. Relationship of the index with the seasonal rainfall, number of depressions and El-N/no phenomenon are examined.

The study revealed that 1971-80 decade, had more number of flood years than the drought years. The flood index was found to be significantly related to flood situation over India. It IS difficult to associate any particular phase of the quasi-biennial oscillations (QBO) with occurrence of floods.
Use of satellite based information in Snowmelt run-off studies
Authors: UPADHYAY D. S. , MISHRA D. K. , JOHRI A. P. , SRIVASTAVA A. K.
Published: December 2021

This paper aims at evolving a conceptual technique for the computation of water yield from the basin snow cover. It may serve as a useful information to compute the snowmelt driven run-off particularly in the lean summer season. For this purpose, the measurement of snow cover area in catchment of Satluj river using very high resolution imagery received from the meteorological satellite NOAA-9 was undertaken on selected dates during the periods, (i) October 1985 to May 1986, and (ii) January to June 1987. The computed snowmelt water yield have been compared with the available actual run-off data.

The study shows that the satellite derived snow cover data are potentially useful in predicting the snowmelt run-off. The importance of this technique is further enhanced for the large watersheds over Himalayas where ground based measurements are too scanty.
A model study of the 30-50 day oscillation In the tropical atmosphere
Authors: KASTURE S. V. , SATYAN V. , KESHAVAMURTY R.N.
Published: December 2021

Using a global spectral model with wave-CISK formulation we have generated an eastward de which. Resembles the observed 30-50 day mode. This has a scale of global wave number one and two years structure in the vertical. It has the structure of a composite of Kelvin and Rossby waves. This composite  system moves eastwards.

We have also studied a linear two-level analytical model to understand the nonlinear spectral model response. In the linear as well as in the nonlinear spectral model, as we Increase the moisture availability factor the speeds of the waves decrease. In the linear model this speed is found to be independent of drag for all types of waves. In the nonlinear spectral model for a given drag there is a critical value of the moisture availability factor for which the wave becomes stationary and beyond which even shows westward propagation. Thus both moisture availability and nonlinearity appear to contribute to the slow eastward speed of the equatorial 30-50 day mode.
EI- Nino and tropical storm tracks over Bay of Bengal during post monsoon season
Authors: GUPTA AKHILESH , MUTHUCHAMI A.
Published: December 2021

The role of EI-Nino in modulating tropical cyclone motion over Bay of Bengal during post monsoon season has been examined. Storms which formed during the years 1901-1987 have been classified into recuriving or those of which crossing north of 17° N and non-recurving or those of which crossing south of 17° N the east coast of India.

It has been found that in most of the cases (87 %) during EI-Nino years, the tropical cyclones which formed over Bay of Bengal crossed south of 17° N, i.e. south Andhra Pradesh Tamil Nadu coast, whereas tropical cyclones, ed during the year prior to the EI-Nino years [El- Nino (-1 ) year] are seen crossing mostly (in 79% of cases) either h of 17°N or recurving m northeastward direction. In other years this kind of behaviour is not generally onseerved. The correlation between southern oscillation indices and the fractional values of storms crossing south of 170 N for the period 1901-1987 (n=87) is found to be ---0.63 which is significant at 1 per cent level.
Sub-soil temperature variation and estimation of soil heat flux at Pune
Authors: CHOWDHURY A. , DAS H. P. , PUJARI A. D.
Published: December 2021

Utilising experimental data from 23 November to 8.December 1989. temperature and heat storage variations at Pune have been studied, based on 3 hourly observations.. pattern of penetration of .thermal wave within the soil has been examined and time of occurrence of maximum/minimum temperatures discussed for various depths. Temperature ranges in different layers have been theoretically computed and compared with those based on actual observations. Heat balance at various depths has also been presented and discussed.
Some hydrometeorological studies over Teesta basin in north Bengal
Authors: PRASAD S. K. , DAS A. K. , SENGUPTA I.
Published: December 2021

Based on data of 40 rainfall stations located within and in the neighbourhood of Teesta basin in north Bengal for period ranging between 7 & 23 years, hydrometeorological informations of the spatial distribution of monthly rainfall, umber of rainy days and extreme rainfall distribution over Teesta basin have been determined and presented on basin maps for the months of May to October.

 The average monthly areal precipitation depth as wi1l as extreme areal precipitation depth for a day have been discussed for 6 sectors of the basin. The pentads rainfall for 22 selected stations in the catchment during May to October have also been evaluated and discussed.
El Nino of 1997-1998 and Indian Monsoon
Authors: ASNANI G. C.
Published: December 2021

El-Nino of 1997-1998 was accompanied by severe global weather anomalies, which generated widespread interest at all levels in the world. As a result, United Nations General Assembly passed a resolution (52 / 200) urging International co-operation to reduce the adverse impact of El-Nino on human society and Environment. The El-Nino (Warm Phase) commenced around April – May 1997, reached peak intensity around December 1997 and ended around May 1998. La-Nina (Cold Phase) started around this time, reached its peak in January 1999, weakened around June - July 1999 and has continued in its weak phase at the time of writing, August 1999.

 

Development and decay of the El-Nino are illustrated through SST,SOI and sea-water temperature below the sea-surface. Features during peak period of El-Nino are illustrated through SST, sea-level pressure, surface wind, OLR, and Walker Circulation. There is clear evidence of west-to-east propagation of OLR anomaly, 850 hPa zonal wind anomaly and sea-level pressure anomaly. SST anomaly pattern did not give strong evidence of this type of zonal progression.

 

El-Nino is global in nature.

 

El-Nino / La-Nina years during the 120-year period 1871-1990 are tabulated along with All India Summer Monsoon Rainfall (AISMR) anomalies. There is evidence of El-Nino years tending to become years of deficit rainfall and La-Nina years being years of excess rainfall over India. El-Nino / La-Nina events, which can be predicted 6-12 months in advance, can be used and are being used as part of the prediction formulae, in the issue of official monsoon rainfall forecast by India Meteorological Department. Based on El-Nino considerations alone, it has been feared, in some quarters, that 1997 might become a year of extreme deficit summer monsoon rainfall. However, the

actual rainfall over India during June – September 1997 was 2 % above normal. India Meteorological Department had predicted "normal" rainfall (+-10% of the rainfall).
Impact of solar variability on the frequency variability of the Indian summer monsoon
Authors: KULKARNI J. R. , MUJUMDAR M. , GHARGE S. P. , SATYAN V. , PANT G. B.
Published: December 2021

Earlier investigations into the epochal behavior of fluctuations in All India Summer Monsoon Rainfall (AISMR) have indicated the existence of a Low Frequency Mode (LFM) in the 60-70 years range. One of the probable sources of this variability may be due to changes in solar irradiance. To investigate this, time series of 128-year solar irradiance data from 1871-1998 has been examined. The Wavelet Transform (WT) method is applied to extract the LFM from these time series, which show a very good correspondence. A case study has been carried out to test the sensitivity of AISMR to solar irradiance. The General Circulation Model (GCM) of the Center of Ocean-Land-Atmosphere (COLA) has been integrated in the control run (using the climatological value of solar constant i.e., 1365 Wm-2) and in the enhanced solar constant condition (enhanced by 10 Wm-2) for summer monsoon season of 1986. The study shows that the large scale atmospheric circulation over the Indian region, in the enhanced solar constant scenario is favorable to good monsoon activity. A conceptual model for the impact of solar irradiance on the AISMR at LFM is also suggested.
Observed and model simulated inter-annual variability of the Indian monsoon
Authors: KRISHNAMURTHY V. , SHUKLA J.
Published: December 2021

The Center for Ocean-Land-Atmosphere (COLA) general circulation model has been integrated seven times with observed global sea surface temperature (SST) for the years 1979-98. The model-simulated annual cycle, the seasonal mean and the interannual variability of the summer monsoon rainfall and circulation over the Indian region are compared with the corresponding observations. It if found that, although this model has shown remarkable success in simulating the local and global response of tropical SST anomalies, the model shows poor skill in simulating the interannual variability of monsoon rainfall over India. While it is true that the correlation between the observed tropical Pacific SST and the Indian summer monsoon rainfall for the most recent 20 years itself is considerably over India is largely related to the systematic errors of the model in simulating the climatological mean monsoon circulation and rainfall, especially over the oceanic regions.
Searching for a fingerprint of global warming in the Asian summer monsoon
Authors: STEPHENSON DAVID B. , DOUVILLE HERVE , KUMAR K. RUPA
Published: December 2021

This study investigates possible trends in several large scale indices that describe the Asian summer monsoon. Results from recent atmospheric general circulation experiments are used to provide clues as to how the monsoon might be changing due to the effects of global warming. Interestingly, this study has found that the large-scale wind shear monsoon indices have been decreasing at a rate of 0.1-0.3% per year (based on NCEP/CAR reanalysis 1958-98) in quantitative agreement with recent results from doubled CO2 simulations made using several state-of-the-art climate models. Nevertheless, despite the weakening of the monsoon circulation, all-India rainfall shows no clear trend in either the model results or in the observation reanalysis from 1958-98. Multiple regression is used to separate out the "dynamical" contribution from the observed all-India rainfall index, and a clear increasing trend then emerges in the "non-dynamical" residual. A simple dimensionless Multivariate Monsoon Index (MMI) is proposed that could be of use in monitoring global warming changes in the monsoon.
Late quaternary palaeoclimates of western India : A geoarchaeological approach
Authors: MISHRA SHEILA , RAJAGURU S. N.
Published: December 2021

Western India comprises parts of the states of Rajasthan, Gujarat and Maharashtra. This region has varied climate and landscape. Northwestern Rajasthan is an area of internal drainage, with dunes, playas and rocky pediments. The Luni, Sabarmati and Mahi basins to the south of this zone show the influence of both aeolian and fluvial processes. Aeolian landforms are absent in the Nrmada, Tapi, Godavari and Bhima basins and fluvial aggradation has alternated with erosion in response to climatic change. Dominance of semi-arid to arid climate throughtout the Quaternary in the entire region has ment that Quaternary geological processes have been weak, preserving many features of the Tertiary in the present landscape. The variation in the geomorphic processes shaping the landscape and the complex links between geomorphic proceses and climate mean that our understanding of palaeoclimates in western India in far from complete. This paper gives an overview of the Late Quaternary palaeoclimate of western India, based primarily on recent work by the authors in Rajasthan and Maharashtra. Some issues in the palaeoclimatic interpretation of the geological record are discussed. Signatures of Late Pleistocene aridity, fluctuating climate during the Pleistocene Holocene transitional period, early Holocene humid climate and increased aridity from the middle Holocene onwards are reflected in different ways in the different landscape settings.
A probabilistic study of monsoon daily rainfall at Calcutta by Markovian model and trend of rainfall during monsoon season
Authors: BASU G. C. , BASU SANJIB KUMAR
Published: December 2021

One-step transitional probability matrices are obtained by Markovian model from one transitional state to other for different rainfall characteristics (such as, non-rainy days, light rains, moderate rains, heavy rains and very heavy rains) at Calcutta (Alipore) for different monsoon months. The disorderness (unvertainty) of the transitional system of the monsoon rainfall characteristics are studied by Shannon’s model. The favourable or unfavourable condition of different states are also studied by redundancy test during monsoon period at Caluctta. A Long-run probability vectors of such rainfall characteristics are found out from probability matrices. A trend in rainfall amounts during monsoon period at Calcutta for each of the monsoon month, June to September, has also been studied here.
Twisting turning and pulsating of the Antarctic ozone hole, as revealed by TOMS data
Authors: KANE R. P. , CASICCIA C.
Published: December 2021

Using data from TOMS!Nimbus7 and Meteor 3, the evolution of Antarctic ozone holes during the southern springs of 1992, 1993, 1994 was studied. At the South Pole, the evolution was mostly smooth, a steady decrease up to about September end and a steady recovery up to about December end. At latitudes near 65° S, the ozone levels (~220 DU) at different latitudes and longitudes showed fluctuations compatible with passing of a noncircular (oval) ! vortex boundary (two ends of a major axis of an ellipse), with a rotation period of -15 days (full rotation period ~30 days) in 1992 and ~17 days (full rotation period ~34 days) in 1994, different from the 2-3 weeks reported by earlier workers. However, the rotation was not with uniform speeds. During a full rotation, the speeds varied sometimes from almost zero (stalling) for a few days to ~20° per day during other intervals. Outside the oval boundary, often there were, depletions with spacings of a few (5-8) days, extending to lower latitudes up to ~30° S, indicating corrugations in the oval boundary, probably due to the effects of synoptic disturbances on total ozone through tropopause pressure changes and/or I ozone mini- holes caused by anticyclonic tropospheric forcing under the southern polar vortex. The shape of the ozone hole changed from elliptic to almost circular and vice versa within a few days and the area also changed by ~15-20%. Thus, the ozone hole was twisting, turning and pulsating, probably due to a varying strength of the wave number 2 component of the wind system prevailing there.
TEDARIK ZINCIRI YÖNETIMINDE OKYANUS KONTEYNER TAŞIYICI SEÇIMI: BULANIK ANALITIK HIYERARJI PROSESI YAKLAŞIMI
Authors: ERGİN Ayfer
Published: December 2021

Çalışma, Türkiye pazarındaki büyük göndericiler arasındaki farklılıkları ve benzerlikleri belirlemek için okyanus konteyner taşıyıcı seçim kriterlerini incelemiştir. Uygulama tekstil, beyaz eşya ve kimya sektörleri olmak üzere yüksek taşıma hacmine sahip üç farklı gönderici grup arasında yapılmıştır. Türkiye'de ilk kez yüksek kapasiteye sahip üç gönderici grubu ile çalışılmış bu gruplar arasındaki bakış açısı farklılıkları irdelenmiştir. Aynı zamanda bilgilimiz kadarıyla bu çalışma üç farklı yüksek kapasiteli gönderici grup arasındaki farklılıkları analiz etmek için bulanık Analitik Hiyerarşi Prosesi (AHP) yöntemini kullanan ilk çalışmadır. Bu yönüyle çalışma literatüre katkı sağlamayı amaçlamaktadır. Yapılan bulanık AHP uygulaması sonucunda önem ağırlıkları farklılık göstersede her üç sektör için en önemli ana kriter güvenirlilik olarak bulunmuştur.
Social Media Apps as a Tool for Procedural Learning During COVID-19: Analysis of Tiktok Users
Authors:   ITPH Academy, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, Kahil Bachar , Alobidyeen Buthina ,   Tafila Technical University, Jordan
Published: December 2021

The objective of this study is to investigate the factors that influence the use of social media apps as a procedural learning tool during COVID-19. The primary aim of this research is to assess the impacts of content quality, task technology fit, vividness, and anxiety on perceived usefulness, and the impact of PEOU on and PU desire to use for procedural learning. Data was collected through an online questionnaire from 313 Tiktok users. The findings revealed that content quality, task technology fit, and vividness have a significant influence on overall effectiveness. The results also indicated that PEOU and PU have a strong favourable effect on the purpose to use for procedural learning. The structural equation modeling result revealed that all of the hypotheses were supported.
Productivity of mountain bows of the carpathians depending on surface improvement measures
Authors: Kyrhak V.H. , Karbivska U.M. , Voloshchuk M.D. , Martyshchuk V.F.
Published: December 2021

Purpose. To determine the peculiarities of formation of productivity, as well as the chemical composition, nutritional value and energy intensity of grass forage, depending on the measures of surface improvement of the meadows of the Carpathian mountain forest zone. Methods. Field works, laboratory, mathematical-statistical. Results. Productivity of haymaking and perennial mowing fluctuated on the range of 2.15–4.77 t/ha and 1.95–4.11 t/ha during the 3-year research of dry mass yield. Compared to the variants without additional sowing of grasses and fertilizer use, the highest productivity of haymaking was upon the additional sowing of cereal grass mixtures and applying of N60P30K60 – 12 % and 85 %, respectively. Productivity of perennial mowing increased upon the additional sowing of Trifolium repens and applying of P30K60 on 85 % and 111 % respectively. The best uniformity of distribution of biomass crop by slopes was obtained by the use of multifaceted use of creeping clover with the introduction of P30K60, when the proportion of 1st slope was 39%, 2nd - 33 and 3rd – 28% with unevenness, which is expressed by the coefficient variation - 18%. Among the measures of surface improvement on the quality of feed by chemical composition, increasing, first of all, the content of crude protein, influenced by the introduction of N60P30K60 or 15 t / ha of manure, and in the case of multi-grade use - the sowing of clover on the background P30K60. Irrespective of the measures of surface improvement, higher crude protein content, better energy consumption and nutritious nutritional value of feed were characterized by a multi-use (pasture imitation) mode of use than hay. Conclusions. For surface improvement of the meadows of the Carpathian mountain forest belt with natural herbage, the annual application of N60P30K60, or 15 t / ha of manure, or – N60P30K60 + sowing of a mixture of grass meadows and sapwood with sapwood, on the grass meadows, is a factor of increasing their productivity and improving the quality of herbage. use or – P30K60 + clover seeding for high quality use. The best positive effect is the application of mineral fertilizers in combination with sowing of perennial grasses.
Investigating the Effect of Advertising on the Perception of the Target Audience with the CAPI Technique
Authors: ÇERÇİ H. Serhat , KÖYLÜOĞLU A. Selçuk
Published: December 2021

By creating brand awareness and marketing strategies with effective advertising practices, the effect of advertising on consumer perception can be understood. The aim of the study, which is built on this understanding, is to examine the advertisement film used in the marketing and promotion activities of a hotel business operating in the tourism sector with the CAPI technique. From this point of view, the research was implemented in three big cities, namely Istanbul, Izmir and Ankara. As a result of the field research, 150 meaningful data could be obtained due to the limitations such as the face-to-face application and the time-consuming nature of CAPI and narrowing of the criteria for those who will participate in the survey under the effect of the pandemic conditions. The data were subjected to the SPSS 20 program. As a result of the statistical analysis, it has been determined that the advertisement appeals to consumer emotions.
EVALUACIÓN DE LA CALIDAD DEL AGUA DEL RÍO CUNAS MEDIANTE ÍNDICES FISICOQUÍMICOS Y BIOLÓGICOS, JUNÍN PERÚ
Authors: Custodio Villanueva María , Chanamé Zapata Fernán , Bulege Gutiérrez Wilfredo
Published: December 2021

Objetivo: Evaluar la calidad del agua del río Cunas mediante índices fisicoquímicos y biológicos a fin de identificar las zonas con buen estado de conservación, entre enero y diciembre de 2013. Métodos: Se utilizaron los métodos de observación, descripción y explicación, el diseño no experimental de tipo longitudinal. Se definieron tres sectores de muestreo: Angasmayo (Concepción), Huarisca (Chupaca) y Pilcomayo (Huancayo). Las muestras de agua fueron colectadas en botellas de plástico de dos litros y en frascos de vidrio estériles para determinar la concentración de nitratos y fosfatos, y coliformes termotolerantes, respectivamente. Los parámetros medidos in situ fueron: oxígeno disuelto (mg/l), sólidos totales disueltos (mg/l), temperatura (°C), pH y turbidez (FTU). Estas mediciones se realizaron con equipos portátiles Hanna Instruments. Las muestras de macroinvertebrados bentónicos se colectaron mediante una red Surber con malla de 250 µm de abertura. Resultados: según el INSF, Angasmayo presentó calidad de agua buena (75,14 en época de lluvia;74,23 en estiaje), Huarisca calidad media (67,96 en lluvia; 65,22, en estiaje) y Pilcomayo calidad media(61,39 en lluvia; 55,82 en estiaje). Según el índice EPT, Angasmayo reveló buena calidad de agua, Huarisca regular calidad y Pilcomayo mala calidad de agua. Conclusiones: En Angasmayo, las masas de agua, tanto en época de lluvia como en estiaje, calificaron como agua de calidad buena. En Huarisca calificaron como agua de calidad media o regular y en Pilcomayo, como agua de calidad media (según INSF) y de calidad mala (según EPT).
OBSTÁCULOS Y ERRORES EN EL APRENDIZAJE DEL CONCEPTO DE FUNCIÓN EN LOS ESTUDIANTES DE LA UNIVERSIDAD NACIONAL MICAELA BASTIDAS DE APURÍMAC
Authors: Ecos Espino Alejandro Manuel
Published: December 2021

Objetivo: determinar los obstáculos y errores que manifiestan los estudiantes de la Universidad Nacional Micaela Bastidas de Apurímac en relación al uso de las diversas representaciones del concepto de función. Método: estudio descriptivo con diseño no experimental de tipo descriptivo simple. La recopilación de la información se hizo a través de la aplicación de un cuestionario compuesto de 9 preguntas abiertas, a una muestra de 99 estudiantes de las diferentes carreras profesionales de la Universidad. Resultados: prevalece en los estudiantes la concepción de función como una ecuación. Existe un mejor desempeño cuando trabajan con una expresión algebraica a la cual pueden evaluar; cuando trabajan en otras formas de representación muestran dificultades para llevar a cabo coordinaciones y conversiones. Conclusión: se identificó el obstáculo de tipo epistemológico y cognitivo relacionado a la consideración de que una función debe estar escrita a través de una sola expresión algebraica; y el obstáculo didáctico de la no reversibilidad de la conversión que no les permite efectuar conversiones en sentido contrario. Los errores encontrados se refieren a la asociación de una función con una fórmula o una curva regular, y la evaluación que se hace de esta en base a la similitud que puedan tener con otras funciones tipos.
PRODUCCIÓN DE BIOGÁS EN UN PROTOTIPO DE BIODIGESTOR A CONDICIONES AMBIENTALES DE HUANCAVELICA
Authors: Huere Peña Jorge Luis , Alcántara Espinoza Eleuterio Martín , Surichaqui Gutiérrez Franklin
Published: December 2021

Objetivo: Determinar parámetros técnicos para diseñar un prototipo de biodigestor en condiciones ambientales de Huancavelica, favorables para la producción óptima y eficiente de gas metano (CH4). Métodos: la metodología usada se basa en el diseño y construcción de un biodigestor anaerobio de laboratorio (prototipo), así como su puesta en marcha y aplicación práctica por medio de la realización de pruebas, en el que se analizó la producción de biogás a diferentes condiciones ambientales para determinar la influencia de la temperatura en la calidad y cantidad del biogás producido, así como su influencia en otros parámetros. Se ha realizado un programa de cuatro experimentos en los que se han controlado parámetros como la temperatura, el pH, la COD, (Chemical Oxygen Demand). Resultados: la temperatura promedio del biodigestor fue de 33°C, ello debido al calentamiento del exterior mediante un invernadero, una desviación típica de 1,41, y las oscilaciones de temperatura durante ese periodo fueron de 31°C a 37°C. Un pH interno promedio del biodigestor de 6,89, con una desviación típica de 0,23 y las variaciones del pH tuvieron el rango de 6,5 a 7,3; el contenido de metano (CH4) obtenido fue de 56% mol el contenido de CO2 fue de 34 %mol, logrando un biogás aceptable. Conclusiones: una limitación en la presente investigación fue del tipo climático, siendo una buena alternativa la implementación de invernaderos, lográndose alcanzar temperaturas mesofílicas, con una producción diaria de biogás aproximada de 0,2 m3 biogás/m3 digestor/día. El porcentaje de mezcla más eficiente en condiciones mesofílicas, fue el correspondiente a la mezcla que contiene 25% v/v de estiércol vacuno y 75% v/v de agua e incorporación de agitación mecánica, obteniéndose 62% y 75,7% de eliminación de COD y con un tiempo de arranque de 22 días aproximadamente.
Mobile-Learning-Based Exploration of English Reading Teaching Reform for Non-English Majors in China
Authors: Guo Wentao
Published: December 2021

Under the development of the information age, traditional Chinese teaching model of college English reading courses can no longer meet the needs of the times, and needs to be reformed urgently. From the perspective of mobile learning, this paper tries to combine modern educational technology with classroom teaching by using an online English reading learning platform, and explores the construction of a new teaching model. This model tries to form effective teaching supervision and assessment through the combination of online and offline teaching model, in-class and after-class teaching model, as well as real-time and dynamic big data monitoring, which breaks the closed classroom teaching environment, enriches the teaching content and means, complements and improves the teaching method of traditional Chinese college English reading courses. The aim of this study is to enrich teaching content, reform traditional teaching model and construct a new teaching model for English reading courses through the teaching practice of the online English reading platform, and further optimize the use of the platform by collecting and analyzing effective assessment and feedback, so as to make full use of the online reading platform and improve the mobile reading teaching model. 
KINETIC INDICATORS OF TRAINING METHODS AND SELECTION OF YOUNG ROWERS
Authors:   Faculty of Sports and Physical EducationUniversity of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia., M. Rajković Željko , N. Mitrović Darko ,   Faculty of Sports and Physical EducationUniversity of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia., K. Miletić Vladimir ,   Faculty of Sports and Physical EducationUniversity of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia., M. Spaić Petar ,   Elementary school “Gavrilo Princip“, Zemun, Serbia
Published: December 2021

Modern diagnostics in rowing enables more and more possibilities for recording, and comparing numerous stroke variables. At the same time, many coaches fall into the trap of strict respect for the prescribed norms, ratios, and temporarily results, which the athlete must achieve if he wants to stay in the world of competitive rowing. On the example of the comparison of rowing schools RC "Danubius" and RC "Partizan", descriptive indicators are on the side of RC "Danubius" at a time of 2000m, average force and average power. No significant differences were found in average force (sig = 0,167) between rowers of RC "Danubius" and RC "Partizan", while statistically significant differences were recorded in time at 2000m (sig = 0,036) and power (sig = 0,02) in favor of rowers of RC “Danubius”. On the other hand, a higher correlation of average force (-0,955) and power (-0,928) with time on 2000m was achieved by RC "Partizan" than RC "Danubius" (-0,931) and (-0,896). The correlation between the average force, and the average power within one team shows a higher correlation for RC “Partizan" (0,95) compared to RC "Danubius" (0,755). The obtained results are not enough for single rower or crew elimination from competition to recreational section in the process of too frequent and strict selection of rowers, considering different possible ways of building rowing techniques and numerous parasitic factors that may affect measured variables, specialy at the age under 14 and novice rowers in general.
Supercritical hydrothermal synthesis of silver nanoparticles, composites, and their characterizations
Authors: Byamba-Ochir Narandalai , Davaadorj Nemekhbayar , Buyankhishig Battseveen , Surenjav Enkhtuul
Published: December 2021

Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) and silver nanoparticles doped activated carbon (AC-Ag) composite materials were synthesized by hydrothermal processes in supercritical water conditions (29 MPa and 400 °C) using batch reactor. We studied the influence of the precursor solution concentration, reaction temperature under the hydrothermal conditions, and synthesis time on the properties of synthesized materials. The properties of plain AgNPs and AC-Ag composite materials synthesized in supercritical water, including crystallinity, particle size, and molecular interactions between AC and Ag were investigated, comprehensively. Compared to the plain AgNPs, the activated carbon-supported Ag nanocomposite was synthesized faster due to the active functional groups of activated carbon. Furthermore, the FTIR results reveal that the silver nanoparticles are attached to the activated carbon surface in the presence of oxygen bonded carbonyl and carboxyl groups. The nano-sized metal silver particles were observed on the AC surface when analyzed by TEM and XRD. All results imply that the supercritical water condition allows the formation of silver particles less than 100 nm either in the form of plain particles or deposited on the activated carbon surface using the silver acetate precursor solution. This environmentally benign supercritical hydrothermal process can replace the conventional method and become a novel synthesis method for preparing various new materials.
Synthesis and antihyperlipidaemic activity of a new piperine derivative
Authors: Damdindorj Mungunnaran , Borjihan Gereltu , Gendaram Odontuya , Bold Bayarmaa
Published: December 2021

Long pepper (Piper longum Linn.) is widely used as a medicinal substance in traditional Ayurvedic medicine. Its major alkaloid piperine is the main active constituent with various therapeutic activities and has low solubility in water. In this study, a soluble new derivative of a piperine alkaloid, named N-leucinylpiperamide was synthesized. The animal experiment showed that N-leucinylpiperamide has more hypolipidemic effects than commercially available simvastatin and piperine in modulating serum lipids in Wistar male rats. At the amount of 10 mg/kg bw, it significantly reduced TC (-52.4%), TG (-61.7%), and LDL-C (-27.8%), respectively, and increased HDL-C (+147.4%) in the serum of the high-lipid model group. Furthermore, the synthesized N-leucinylpiperamide had no noticeable cytotoxicity against HepG2 cell line in vitro. Thus, our study shows that N-leucinylpiperamide has an ability to improve serum lipid profile in hyperlipidemic model rats and could be a valuable promising agent for the preventing hyperlipidemia.
The Comparisons of Real-time Ammonia Adsorption Measurement in Varying Inlet Tubes and the Different Ammonia Measurement Methods in the Atmosphere
Authors: Kim Kyunghoon , Park Gyutae , Kang Seokwon , Singh Rahul , Song Jeongin , Choi Siyoung , Park Inseon , Yu Dong-Gil , Kim Myeong-Bok , Bae Min-Suk , Jung Suna , Chang YuWoon , Park Jonghun , Jung Hae-Jin , Lim Yong-jae , Lee Taehyoung
Published: December 2021

Ammonia (NH3) is an important, albeit sticky, precursor for producing secondary inorganic aerosols (SIA), especially in the form of ammonium nitrate (NH4NO3) and ammonium sulfate ((NH4)2SO4). To reduce SIAs, many researchers have attempted to measure the concentration of ambient NH3 using real-time or passive methods. However, NH3 is a highly sticky gas and is therefore difficult to measure using real-time methods without incurring losses during measurement. In this study, four different tubing materials, semi seamless tubes, perfluoroalkoxy (PFA), polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), and polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF), were used to ascertain the adsorption of NH3 in inlets using real-time instruments. Without heating sample tubes and at 0% relative humidity (RH), this study shows that PTFE had the least adsorption(i.e., 0% at 1 and 2m of sample tube), and semi-seamless tubes had the highest adsorption (i.e., 27.5% at 1 m of sample tube). To calculate the adsorption of NH3 under ambient conditions, at various inlet lengths, the RH of NH3 was varied from 20% to 80%, which showed that shorter inlets and higher RH lower NH3 adsorption at inlets (i.e., 1.74 ppb m−1 at 80% RH and 7.48 ppb m−1 at 20% RH). Additionally, inlet heating was effective in reducing the adsorption of NH3 as the RH decreased. Applying the inlet system (i.e., 2 m of PTFE tube with heating) showed excellent correlation (slope: 0.995 and coefficient: 0.992) between two different real-time measurements while measuring ambient air.