bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A Lemma for Microlocal Sheaf Theory in the $\infty$-Categorical Setting
Authors: Robalo Marco , Schapira Pierre
Published: April 2018

The microlocal sheaf theory of Kashiwara and Schapira (Sheaves on manifolds, Grundlehren der mathematischen Wissenschaften 292, Springer, Berlin, 1990) makes essential use of an extension lemma for sheaves due to Kashiwara, and this lemma is based on a criterion of the same author giving conditions in order that a functor defined in

\mathbb R^{\mathrm {op}}

with values in the category Sets of sets be constant. In the first part of this paper, using classical tools, we show how to generalize the extension lemma to the case of the unbounded derived category. In the second part, we extend Kashiwara's result on constant functors by replacing the category Sets with the

\infty

-category of spaces and apply it to generalize the extension lemma to

\infty

-sheaves, the

\infty

-categorical version of sheaves. Finally, we define the micro-support of sheaves with values in a stable

(\infty, 1)

-category.
Traitement préventif de l’avortement brucellique de la vache par le chlorhydrate d’oxytétracycline
Authors: Plommet M. , Fenster-Bank R. , Gestin J.
Published: April 2018

Quarante-cinq génisses réparties en 3 lots (A, B, C) de 15 ont été inoculées par voie conjonctivale par la souche Brucella abortus 544, respectivement aux 2e, 4e et 6e mois de la gestation. Dans chaque lot, un groupe 1 (5 génisses) n’a reçu aucun traitement ; un groupe 2 (5 génisses) a reçu une injection intrapéritonéale de 10 g d’oxyté- tracycline en solution aqueuse un mois après l’inoculation ; un groupe 3 a reçu 3 injections aux 3e, 5e et 7e mois de gestation. Alors qu’une seule vache du groupe témoin 1 a donné un veau normal à terme, il y en a eu 3 dans le groupe 2 dont 2 dans le lot A et 6 dans le groupe 3, dont 4 dans le lot A.

Les vaches ont été abattues six semaines après leur vêlage, et le degré d’infection des carcasses établi par numération des Brucella dans les organes et ganglions. Les vaches des groupes 1 et 2 sont en moyenne infectées au même degré ; par contre, celles du groupe 3 sont très peu infectées. Cinq vaches sont indemnes de brucellose à l’abattage (4 dans les groupes traités 3 fois, 1 dans un groupe traité une fois).

Ces résultats, ajoutés à ceux obtenus dans un travail antérieur, permettent de proposer deux schémas de traitement préventif des avortements brucelliques dans la nature, selon que dans le troupeau la maladie est d’apparition récente ou ancienne. Dans le 1er cas, traitement simultané de tous les animaux par une injection intrapéri¬ tonéale de 10 g d’oxytétracycline ; dans le second, 2 ou 3 injections de 10 g au début de la gestation (2-3e mois) espacées de 1 mois-lmois et demi.
A snap shot of patients’ recall, attitudes, and perceptions of their pain contracts from a family medicine resident outpatient clinic
Authors: Bahniwal, MD Robinder , Sell, MD Jarrett , Waheed, MD, FAAFP Abdul
Published: April 2018

Objective: Determine patient recall, attitudes, and perceptions of their pain contract in a family medicine resident outpatient clinic.Design: A cross-sectional study design using a telephone survey to all eligible subjects who signed a hardcopy pain contract from August 29, 2014 to May 19, 2016 at a resident outpatient clinic.Setting: Penn State Hershey Family and Community Medicine Residency clinic.Participants: All patients who signed a hardcopy pain contract at the practice site who met specific inclusion criteria.Main outcome measures: What proportions of items are remembered from the standardized Penn State Hershey pain contract and does recall vary with time of contract signing.Secondary outcome measures: Patient attitudes and perceptions of their pain contract.Results: Ninety-five percent of patients recalled agreeing to random urine drug screens (UDS) and 60 percent recalled they were not to receive prescriptions from another provider unless approved by their practice site. The recall rate for the remaining 33 items in the contract ranged from 0 percent to 20 percent. The highest recall rate was for contracts signed between 0-3 months. Patient feedback regarding the pain contract was recorded and while five were positive or neutral, 15 patients recorded negative attitudes toward the process, the physician, and/or the UDS.Conclusions: This study highlights limited recall and negative patient attitudes toward the pain contract. Considering the public health concerns with regard to the current opioid epidemic in the United States, additional training of providers, redesign of pain contracts and new models for informing patients about safe chronic pain management may be warranted.
Volume 14, Number 1
Authors: DeVito, Jr. Richard A.
Published: April 2018

Complete issue PDF
Semi-volatile and highly oxygenated gaseous and particulate organic
compounds observed above a boreal forest canopy
Authors: Lee Ben H. , Lopez-Hilfiker Felipe D. , D'Ambro Emma L. , Zhou Putian , Boy Michael , Petäjä Tuukka , Hao Liqing , Virtanen Annele , Thornton Joel A.
Published: April 2018

Abstract. We present hourly on-line observations of molecular compositions (CxHyOzN0–1) and abundances of oxygenated organic species in gas and submicron particle phases from April to June of 2014 as part of the Biogenic Aerosols-Effects on Cloud and Climate (BAECC) campaign. Measurements were made using the Filter Inlet for Gases and AEROsols coupled to a high-resolution time-of-flight iodide-adduct ionization mass spectrometer (FIGAERO-CIMS) located atop a 35 m tall tower, about 10 m above a boreal forest canopy at the SMEAR II research station in Hyytiälä, Finland. Semi-volatile and highly oxygenated multifunctional (HOM) organic species possessing from 1 up to 20 carbon atoms, and with as few as 2 and as many as 16 oxygen atoms were routinely observed. Utilizing non-negative matrix factorization, we determined that > 90 % and > 99 % of the organic mass in the gas and particle phases, respectively, exhibited one of three distinct diel trends; one in which abundances were enhanced at daytime, another in the early morning hours, and thirdly during nighttime. Particulate organic nitrates contributed ∼ 35 % to the total organic aerosol mass loading at night during BAECC, much higher than observed by the same instrument package at a mixed-deciduous forest site that experienced higher nighttime concentrations of nitrogen oxides. Unique HOM monomers (defined here as those with 10 carbon and 7 or more oxygen atoms) and dimers (at least 16 carbon atoms), with and without a nitrogen atom, were found in most of the three subgroups of both phases. We show the potential to connect these groupings of compounds based on their distinct behavior in time to the expected chemical conditions (biogenic VOC precursor, oxidant type, etc.) responsible for their production. A suite of nitrated dimer-like compounds was detected in both the gas and particle phases, suggesting a potential role for the formation of low volatility organics from NO3 radical driven, as well as daytime NO-influenced, monoterpene chemistry.
Do pelagic grazers benefit from sea ice? Insights from the Antarctic sea ice proxy IPSO25
Authors: Schmidt Katrin , Brown Thomas A. , Belt Simon T. , Ireland Louise C. , Taylor Kyle W. R. , Thorpe Sally E. , Ward Peter , Atkinson Angus
Published: April 2018

Abstract. Sea ice affects primary production in polar regions in multiple ways. It can dampen water column productivity by reducing light or nutrient supply, provide a habitat for ice algae and condition the marginal ice zone (MIZ) for phytoplankton blooms on its seasonal retreat. The relative importance of three different carbon sources (sea ice derived, sea ice conditioned, non-sea-ice associated) for the polar food web is not well understood, partly due to the lack of methods that enable their unambiguous distinction. Here we analysed two highly branched isoprenoid (HBI) biomarkers to trace sea-ice-derived and sea-ice-conditioned carbon in Antarctic krill (Euphausia superba) and relate their concentrations to the grazers' body reserves, growth and recruitment. During our sampling in January–February 2003, the proxy for sea ice diatoms (a di-unsaturated HBI termed IPSO25, δ13C  =  −12.5 ± 3.3 ‰) occurred in open waters of the western Scotia Sea, where seasonal ice retreat was slow. In suspended matter from surface waters, IPSO25 was present at a few stations close to the ice edge, but in krill the marker was widespread. Even at stations that had been ice-free for several weeks, IPSO25 was found in krill stomachs, suggesting that they gathered the ice-derived algae from below the upper mixed layer. Peak abundances of the proxy for MIZ diatoms (a tri-unsaturated HBI termed HBI III, δ13C  =  −42.2 ± 2.4 ‰) occurred in regions of fast sea ice retreat and persistent salinity-driven stratification in the eastern Scotia Sea. Krill sampled in the area defined by the ice edge bloom likewise contained high amounts of HBI III. As indicators for the grazer's performance we used the mass–length ratio, size of digestive gland and growth rate for krill, and recruitment for the biomass-dominant calanoid copepods Calanoides acutus and Calanus propinquus. These indices consistently point to blooms in the MIZ as an important feeding ground for pelagic grazers. Even though ice-conditioned blooms are of much shorter duration than blooms downstream of the permanently sea-ice-free South Georgia, they enabled fast growth and offspring development. Our study shows two rarely considered ways that pelagic grazers may benefit from sea ice: firstly, after their release from sea ice, suspended or sinking ice algae can supplement the grazers' diet if phytoplankton concentrations are low. Secondly, conditioning effects of seasonal sea ice can promote pelagic primary production and therefore food availability in spring and summer.
Hydrogel-based piezoresistive sensor for the detection of ethanol
Authors: Erfkamp Jan , Guenther Margarita , Gerlach Gerald
Published: April 2018

Abstract. This article describes a low-cost sensor for the detection of ethanol in
alcoholic beverages, which combines alcohol-sensitive hydrogels based on
acrylamide and bisacrylamide and piezoresistive sensors. For reproducible
measurements, the reversible swelling and deswelling of the hydrogel were
shown via microscopy. The response time of the sensor depends on the swelling
kinetics of the hydrogel. The selectivity of the hydrogel was tested in
different alcohols. In order to understand the influence of monomer and
crosslinker content on the swelling degree and on the sensitivity of the
hydrogels, gels with variable concentrations of acrylamide and bisacrylamide
were synthesized and characterized in different aqueous solutions with
alcohol contents. The first measurements of such hydrogel-based
piezoresistive ethanol sensors demonstrated a high sensitivity and a short
response time over several measuring cycles.
Sampling strategies based on the Singular Value Decomposition for ocean analysis and forecast
Authors: Fattorini Maria , Brandini Carlo
Published: April 2018

Abstract. In this article we discuss some possible optimal sampling strategies for a simplified ocean model, used as a preliminary tool to understand the observation needs for real analysis and forecasting systems. Indeed, observations are mostly useful for improving the reliability of forecasting models, which require upstream an analysis model in which Data Assimilation techniques are used. In addition, observation networks and in particular in-situ networks are expensive and require careful positioning of a limited number of observation instruments. As in other literature studies, the Singular Value Decomposition has been adopted, which has many advantages, especially when we dispose of a variational assimilation method like the 4D-Var, also because the calculation of Singular Vectors and Singular Values is linked to the availability of tangent linear and adjoint models. SVD has been adopted here as a method for identifying areas where maximum error growth occurs, within which sampling gives particular advantages. However, a SVD-based sampling strategy may not be unique, and we need to introduce other criteria, based on the correlation between points, since the information observed on neighbouring points can be redundant. The criteria adopted are easily replicable in practical applications, and require rather standard studies to obtain prior information (for example, climatological and correlation studies), to be carried out in order to properly design observation networks.
IŠPLĖSTINĖS HEMODINAMIKOS STEBĖSENOS GALIMYBĖS IR ATSAKO Į SKYSČIŲ TERAPIJĄ PROGNOZAVIMAS SPONTANIŠKAI KVĖPUOJANTIEMS PACIENTAMS PERIOPERACINIU LAIKOTARPIU
Authors: Mačiulienė Asta , Maleckas Almantas , Kriščiukaitis Algimantas , Mačiulis Vytautas , Valiukaitė Kotryna , Vaičaitė Laurita , Macas Andrius
Published: April 2018

Nėra vieningos nuomonės, pagal kokį echokardiografijos rodmenį geriausiai vertinti pacientų atsaką į skysčių terapiją perioperaciniu laikotarpiu. Šio tyrimo tikslas – įvertinti tikslinės transtorakalinės echokardiografijos (TTE) prieinamumą pooperaciniu laikotarpiu bei nustatyti tinkamus TTE rodmenis, siekiant prognozuoti atsaką į skysčių terapiją pacientams po didžiųjų pilvo operacijų. Lietuvos sveikatos mokslų universiteto ligoninės Kauno klinikų Anesteziologijos skyriuje atliktas prospektyvinis tyrimas. Tyrimo laikotarpiu nuo 2016 m. gegužės 1 dienos iki gruodžio 31 dienos pagal įtraukimo kriterijus identifikuoti 45 pacientai, tačiau vėliau į tyrimą buvo įtraukta 40 pacientų, kuriems atliktos didžiosios pilvo operacijos ir nustatytas sumažėjęs arterinis kraujospūdis pooperaciniu laikotarpiu. Tikslinis echokardiografinis ištyrimas buvo atliekamas prieš 500 ml kristaloidų infuziją ir iškart po jos. Teigiamu atsaku į skysčių terapiją laikytas sistolinio tūrio (ST) padidėjimas mažiausiai 15 proc. Tik 3 (6,7 proc.) pacientams iš 45 buvo išgauti netinkami vertinimui echokardiografijos vaizdai. Atsako į skysčių terapiją vertinimas pagal klinikinius požymius yra mažiau tikslus lyginant su tikslinės echokardiografijos duomenimis (p=0,034). Kairiojo skilvelio išstūmimo trakto (KSIT) greičio ir laiko integralo (angl. velocity time integral, VTI) kintamumas daugiau nei 10 proc. kvėpavimo ciklo metu susijęs su teigiamu atsaku į skysčių terapiją (plotas po ROC kreive 0,881). Mitralinės E bangos dydis, E/A bangų santykis ir apatinės tuščiosios venos (ATV) indeksas leidžia prognozuoti spontaniškai kvėpuojančių pacientų atsaką į skysčių terapiją (p=0,006; p<0,001; p<0,001). Šio tyrimo duomenimis, širdies indeksas (ŠI) yra netinkamas rodiklis prognozuoti atsaką į skysčių terapiją (p=0,214). Daugumai pacientų po didžiųjų pilvo operacijų buvo gauti geros kokybės echokardiografiniai vaizdai. Didesnis nei 10 proc. KSIT VTI kintamumas spontaniškai kvėpuojantiems pacientams turėjo didžiausią jautrumą ir specifiškumą palyginus su kitais parametrais, naudotais identifikuoti atsakančius į skysčių terapiją pacientus pagal TTTE protokolo duomenis.
BESIMOKANTI ORGANIZACIJA ŠIUOLAIKINIO VIEŠOJO VALDYMO KONTEKSTE
Authors: Skrickienė Laima , Čepuraitė Daiva , Štaras Kęstutis
Published: April 2018

Vertinant Besimokančios organizacijos bruožų raišką šiuolaikinio viešojo valdymo kontekste ir remiantis Karen E. Watkins ir Victoria J. Marsick sudarytu klausimynu [30], 2017 m. sausio – kovo mėn. atliktas tyrimas viešojoje ambulatorinėje asmens sveikatos priežiūros įstaigoje, apklausti 228 darbuotojai. Daugelyje viešojo sektoriaus organizacijų veiklos vadyba, vertinimas ir rezultatų analizė tampa vis svarbesne viešojo sektoriaus institucijų veiklos sudedamąja dalimi. Viešojo sektoriaus organizacijoms, siekiančioms įgyvendinti Besimokančios organizacijos koncepciją, reikia pertvarkyti savo organizacijos valdymo struktūrą. Ambulatorinės asmens sveikatos priežiūros įstaigos kritinis darbuotojų mokymosi taškas yra nepakankamas finansinės ir kitos pagalbos skyrimas visų pareigybių specialistams. Atlikto tyrimo metu nustatyta, kad aukščiausiai įvertintas mokymasis organizaciniame lygmenyje, toliau - grupių/ komandų, žemiausiai – individualiame lygmenyje. Galime teigti, kad tyrime dalyvavusios ambulatorinės asmens sveikatos priežiūros įstaigos kryptingas organizacinis mokymasis sąlygoja tobulėjimą, didina konkurencinį pranašumą ir leidžia prisitaikyti prie pokyčių bei juos valdyti, o kiekvienam jos darbuotojui suteikiama savirealizacijos galimybė. Tyrimo metu nustatyta, kad didžiausios ambulatorinės asmens sveikatos priežiūros organizacijos stiprybės: dėmesio kreipimas į kliento (paciento) nuomonę; organizacija suteikia darbuotojams priemones, reikalingas darbui atlikti; darbuotojai geba dirbti komandoje, padeda vieni kitiems mokytis, gerbia kito darbuotojo nuomonę; vadovai dalijasi naujausia informacija apie technologijas, naujoves, kryptis. Nustatyta, kad ši įstaiga atitinka Besimokančios organizacijos koncepciją, tačiau nepakanka organizacijoje vien mokytis, būtina organizacijos valdymą orientuoti į nuolatinį veiklos procesų tobulinimą, paremtą šiuolaikinio viešojo valdymo paradigma.
EFEITO DA INFECÇÃO DE METARHIZIUM ANISOPLIAE SOBRE A ATIVIDADE PROTEOLÍTICA PRESENTE EM INTESTINO DE RHIPICEPHALUS MICROPLUS
Authors: Silva Soraia John da , Cardoso Cristiane Martins , Santos Marta Rafaela Dos , Perinotto Wendell , Bittencourt Vânia
Published: April 2018

Este trabalho pretende contribuir para o estudo de formas alternativas de controle de Rhipicephalus microplus através do fungo Metarhizium anisopliae. Com o objetivo de avaliar o efeito deste fungo sobre a atividade de proteases do carrapato bovino, 80 fêmeas ingurgitadas de R. microplus foram divididas em grupo controle e grupo de tratamento (48h de tratamento). As fêmeas tratadas foram imersas nas suspensões conidiais e os controles em água destilada estéril acrescida de Tween 80 0,1%. Foi feita a dissecção das fêmeas e os intestinos foram lavados, secos em papel de filtro para a retirada do excesso de líquidos e pesados. Foram  então homogeneizados e a concentração protéica foi determinada. A presença da atividade proteolítica em extrato intestinal foi dosada pela hidrólise do substrato protéico hemoglobina e pela quantificação da tirosina. Nos valores de pH 4,0 e 5,0 foi encontrado um aumento da atividade frente o uso do fungo. Nestes valores de pH há presença principalmente de cisteíno e aspártico protease. Ao fazer uso de um inibidor de cisteíno protease (ditiotreitol) houve inibição de 74% e 54% da atividade proteolítica nos grupos tratado e controle, respectivamente. Enquanto isso, o outro inibidor de cisteíno proteases, phenylmethanesulfonyl fluoride, inibiu 86% e 80% da atividade proteolítica em grupos tratado e controle, respectivamente. Foi possível concluir com este estudo que há uma atividade majoritária de cisteíno proteases atuando em intestino de R. microplus e que esta atividade pode ser aumentada na presença do fungo entomopatogênico. Este aumento, por sua vez, pode ser decorrente de proteases do fungo ou do mecanismo de defesa do carrapato, o que sugere que M. anisopliae pode vir a ser uma forma de controle eficaz para este carrapato.
Replacement of liming and NPK fertilization with turkey litter in degraded areas grown with Urochloa decumbens
Authors: Silva Andrisley Joaquim da , Cunha Fernando França da , Roque Cassiano Garcia , Silva Monice Donatila Tavares da , Ribeiro Diego Oliveira , Carballal Manuel Rodrigues
Published: April 2018

Soil fertility and acidity correction in recovering areas require high doses of correctives and fertilizers. Therefore, the use of low-cost products may be an alternative in infertile areas. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of soil fertilization and correction methods on the yield of degraded areas cultivated with Urochloa decumbens and soil chemical attributes. The study was conducted in Orthic Quartzarenic Neosol in Mineiros, Goiás, Brazil, from October 2011 to September 2013. The experiment included soil samples treated with 2 Mg ha-1 of dolomitic limestone, a standard fertilizer (45, 54, and 75 kg ha-1 of N, P, and K, respectively), or 3 Mg ha-1 of turkey litter, and a control sample without correction/fertilization. Each treatment included four replicates in a completely randomized block design. The experimental plots consisted of areas of 4.0 m2 (2.0 ?? 2.0 m). The dry matter yield of forage grass and the following soil chemical attributes were evaluated: organic matter, hydrogen potential (pH in CaCl2), phosphorus (resin), potassium, calcium, magnesium, cation exchange capacity (CEC), and base saturation. The data were subjected to analysis of variance, and the means were compared using Tukey’s test at a level of significance of 0.05. Fertilization did not affect the pH, potassium, and CEC of the soil. Fertilization with turkey litter increased the levels of organic matter, phosphorus, calcium, magnesium, and base saturation compared with soils subjected to standard fertilization or liming. Furthermore, soils fertilized with turkey litter presented higher dry matter yield of Urochloa decumbens compared with unfertilized soils or soils subjected to acidity correction by liming but were not significantly different from soils treated with standard fertilizers. Therefore, fertilization with 3 Mg ha-1 of turkey litter is recommended for improving degraded pastures.
Persistence of the red ring nematode in the roots and in the rhizosphere of recently eradicated coconut palms
Authors: Bierhals Adriana Neutzling , Torres Daniel Da Silva , Duarte Adriana Guimarães , Marafon Anderson Carlos
Published: April 2018

Red ring disease is one of the primary diseases that attacks the coconut palm (Cocos nucifera L.) in Brazil. This lethal disease is caused by a nematode (Bursaphelenchus cocophilus) and can spread via contaminated tools or by the South American palm weevil (Rhynchophorus palmarum). The goal of this research was to determine the persistence of nematodes within the roots and the rhizosphere of recently eradicated coconut palms, cultivated in the coastal region of the state of Alagoas. Soil and root samples from coconut palms with advanced symptoms of red ring disease were collected up to 6 months after the eradication of the plants. Sample processing was conducted at the Ecology and Insect Behavior Laboratory of the Federal University of Alagoas. Sample collection was ended when B. cocophilus were no longer found in the laboratory tests. B. cocophilus were able to survive in the coconut palm roots for at least 118 and 133 days after felling (DAF), in Coruripe and São Miguel dos Milagres, respectively. B. cocophilus could migrated from the roots to the soil, where they were found until 76 and 88 DAF, in Coruripe and São Miguel dos Milagres, respectively.
Development and evaluation of operational performance of macaw fruits semi-mechanized harvester by means mechanical vibrations principle
Authors: Grupioni Christina Maria de Freitas , Santos Fábio Lúcio , Fernandes Haroldo Carlos , Valente Domingos Sarvio Magalhães , Pinto Francisco De Assis de Carvalho
Published: April 2018

Macaw (Acrocomia aculeata) is a product of Brazilian socio-biodiversity and is an excellent source of oil for the cosmetics, food and fuel industry. One of the technical bottlenecks of macaw fruit production is the manual harvesting with rudimentary tools and the extractive system, which has a very large dependence on labor. The objective of this work was to develop the informational and conceptual design of a semi-mechanized harvesting system that can be used in adverse conditions of relief, also directed to the needs of family farmers. In this work the concept of a low cost macaw harvester is proposed, which works by the principle of mechanical vibrations, and is able to work efficiently in planted and natural plantations. From an adaptation of the Pahl and Beitz method for the development of machine designs, and the use of the evolution prototyping method, integration prototypes were constructed, which underwent a preliminary field test. Some modifications were made in portable coffee breakers, which constituted changes in the vibration signal generation system that were transmitted to macaw fruits at the head / plant interface. Only one of the built prototypes was considered effective and suitable for subsequent performance (product under patent registration). For the detailed design, CAD (Computer Aided Design) techniques were employed. Later, it was possible to observe the validation of efficiency of the macaw fruit harvest by the principle of mechanical vibrations. Under field conditions, field trials demonstrated that the average harvest efficiency for the proposed model with vibrating rods was 97.4% and the average harvesting capacity was 566.91 kg h-1.
Sample size to estimate the mean of morphological traits of rye cultivars in sowing dates and evaluation times
Authors: Bandeira Cirineu Tolfo , Cargnelutti Filho Alberto , Follmann Diego Nicolau , Bem Cláudia Marques de , Wartha Cleiton Antonio , Thomasi Rosana Marzari
Published: April 2018

The objectives of this study were to determine the sample size (number of plants) required to estimate the mean of morphological traits of rye (Secale cereale L.) and verify the sample size variability between the traits, cultivars, sowing dates, and evaluation times for distincts mean estimation errors. Ten uniformity trials were performed with two rye cultivars (BRS Progresso and Temprano) in five sowing dates (05/03/2016, 05/25/2016, 06/07/2016, 06/22/2016 and 07/04/2016). Evaluations of traits plant height, number of leaves, and number of stems were performed during the development of the crop. In order to verify the difference of the traits between cultivars and between sowing dates and evaluation times, the F-test was applied to test the hypothesis of homogeneity of variances and the Student’s t-test was used to test the hypothesis of equality of means. The sample size of each trait was calculated for distincts mean estimation errors. There is sample size variability between the traits, cultivars, sowing dates, and evaluation times. In order to estimate the mean of plant height with the same precision, smaller sample sizes are required at the intermediate and final evaluation times compared to initial evaluation times. For the traits number of leaves and stems, smaller sample sizes are required in the initial evaluation times than in the final evaluation times. For mean estimation of traits with maximum estimation error of 15% between sowing dates and evaluation times, 83 and 103 plants are required respectively for cultivars BRS Progresso and Temprano.
Growth performance and safety of meat from cattle feedlot finished with monensin in the ration
Authors: Neumann Mikael , Ueno Robson Kyoshi , Heker Junior Julio Cezar , Askel Eloize Jaqueline , Souza André Martins de , Vigne Gabriela Letícia Delai , Poczynek Milaine , Coelho Marina Gavanski , Eto Augusto Kendi
Published: April 2018

Monensin is an ionophore antibiotic, the inclusion of which in the feed of beef cattle favors the best use of feed nutrients, via ruminal modulation. However, there are concerns regarding the residence of residues in the carcass from metabolism of monensin. The objective of this study was to evaluate the productive performance, carcass characteristics, serum parameters, tissue residual depletion and economic benefit of finishing of young bulls in confinement with monensin in the ration. Thirty-six animals were confined, and given 50% corn silage feed and 50% more concentrated feed. The experimental design was completely randomized, with two treatments (with or without monensin) and 10 replicates for the control group and eight for the monensin group. The use of monensin reduced the dry matter intake in relation to live weight (2.36% vs 2.55%), and improved feed conversion (8.61 vs 10.06 kg kg?1); the animals presented higher live weight (511 vs 494 kg), higher warm carcass weight (285 vs 272 kg) and an increase in fat thickness (4.97 vs 4.25 mm) compared to control animals. These increases in performance gave higher economic results, with a profit margin of R$ 122.84 per animal. A waiting period of 16 h before slaughter resulted in monensin concentrations below 0.25 µg kg?1 in edible organs and tissues, values well below those permitted by legislation. The use of monensin for young bulls in confinement promoted improvements in productive and economic performance, without leaving residues in edible tissues.
Productive features of broiler chickens in hot weather: effects of strain and sex
Authors: Nascimento Daphinne Cardoso Nagib do , Dourado Leilane Rocha Barros , Siqueira Jefferson Costa de , Lima Stélio Bezerra Pinheiro de , Silva Melina Da Conceição Macêdo da , Silva Gabriela Gome da , Sakomura Nilva Kazue , Ferreira Guilherme José Bolzani de Campos , Biagiotti Daniel
Published: April 2018

The objective of the present study was to evaluate the performance of broiler strains (Cobb 500, Ross 308, and Hubbard Flex) in hot weather. Environmental temperatures above thermal comfort trigger responses of the animals to maintain homeothermia, which negatively affects productive performance. A total of 2,160 chicks of both sexes, were distributed in an experimental design that was completely randomized in a factorial arrangement of 3 × 2 (strains and sexes) with six replicates of 60 birds each. Feed intake (FI), live weight (LW), weight gain (WG), and feed conversion (FC) were analyzed at periods of 1–7, 1–21, 1–28, 1–42, and 1–49 days old. At 42 and 49 days old, the carcass weight (CW), carcass yield (CY), breast yield (BY), thigh yield (TY), and drumstick yield (DY) were analyzed. The strains differed in LW and WG in most periods, especially for Cobb broilers in the pre-start period (1–7 days) and Hubbard broilers in the last two periods (1–42 and 1–49 days). Except for the pre-initial stage, which there was no influence of the strains on FC, the Hubbard broilers showed the best FC, at 1–49 d, similarly to Cobb broilers. Regardless of strain, the males showed superior performance to that of females. At 42 d, the Cobb broilers showed a superior BY to that of the other strains, presenting better TY than did the Ross and Hubbard strains. At 49 d, the Cobb and Ross strains showed the best BY, with the Hubbard strain having the greatest DY. Males showed higher values in cut yields, except in the BY in which females showed better results.
Nutritional value and physical and chemical characteristics of white mulberry tree using different conservation methods for ruminant feed
Authors: Garcez Neto Américo Fróes , Silva Janielen Da , Nascimento Eduardo Michelon do , Lourenço Jean Carlos Steinmacher , Fernandes Sergio Rodrigo
Published: April 2018

This study was carried out to evaluate the white mulberry tree (Morus alba) as a feedstuff for ruminants in natura, as hay and as silage. A completely randomized design with five treatments and three replicates was used, where the treatments were five types of mulberry forage: (1) in natura after cutting; (2) hay; (3) silage of mulberry in natura; (4) silage of wilted mulberry and (5) silage of mulberry with ground ear corn. The content of crude protein (CP) did not differ between the silages (average of 19.03% of dry matter - DM). The CP content of the silages was higher than in mulberry hay (15.26% DM) and similar to mulberry after cutting (17.00% DM). The neutral detergent fiber (NDF) content did not differ between the silages (34.84% DM on average), but the NDF of silage with ear corn was lower than the mulberry hay (33.77 vs. 39.36% DM). The acid detergent fiber (ADF) content did not differ between silages and mulberry hay (30.66% DM on average). The lowest value for ADF was observed in the mulberry after cutting (26.06% DM). The aerobic stability of the silages was not broken during the seven days of aerobic exposure. The pH of silage of mulberry in natura was similar to silage of wilted mulberry (4.80 on average), while the silage with ear corn showed a lower pH value (4.58) compared to the other silages. The buffering capacity (BC) did not differ between the silage with ear corn and silage of wilted mulberry (84.91 meq 100 g DM-1 on average), while a lower value was observed for silage of mulberry in natura (56.69 meq 100 g DM-1). The highest value for ammonia nitrogen (NH3-N) was demonstrated in the silage of mulberry in natura (13.08% total N), and the lowest values were observed in the silage with ear corn and silage of wilted mulberry (7.49 and 9.58% total N, respectively). Silage with 11% of ground ear corn is the best alternative use of white mulberry tree as forage for ruminant feeding, since this form presented low fiber content and a fermentative pattern suitable for the process of forage conservation.
Microbiota in swine wastewater treatment plant and area of Tifton 85 grass production
Authors: Sarto Jaqueline Rocha Wobeto , Neres Marcela Abbado , Sunahara Samantha Mariana Monteiro , Nath Caroline Daiane , Stangarlin José Renato , Sarto Marcos Vinicius Mansano
Published: April 2018

The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of biodigester treatment on the microbiological characteristics of swine wastewater (SW) at the production and storage sites, and to characterize and compare the microbiological composition of the soil, organic matter, and plants in the area of hay and haylage production. The area has been planted with Tifton 85 grass for eight years; and is exclusively intended for hay and haylage production, SW was used as the only fertilizer source. The experimental design was completely randomized with subdivided plotsin timeand five replications; the plots were the main areas of the SW in natura (affluent), the biodigester outlet (effluent), the storage pond, and the area of Tifton 85 production, which included the soil, plant residue on the soil surface (organic matter), and the aerial parts of the grasseswith subplots in the rainy and dry seasons. The microbial count in the SW was reduced during the treatment process, with higher counts in the affluent, and lower countsin the effluent and storage pond. The SW treatment was efficient in reducing the microbial population. The populations of Bacillus and Clostridiumwere influenced by the season of the year, with larger populations during the rainy season (summer) than during the dry season (winter). The mold genera identified in the SW area were Penicillium, Rhizopus, Fusarium, Helminthosporium, and Phoma. The genera Penicillium, Rhizopus, Fusarium, Cladosporium, Helminthosporium, Bipolaris, Phoma, Aspergillus, and Trichoderma were found in the area of Tifton 85 production.
Fractionation of nitrogen compounds and carbohydrates in forages of different ages
Authors: Braga Alexandre Paula , Assis Liz Carolina da Silva Lagos Cortes , Lucena Jesane Alves , Lima Jailma Suerda Silva de , Barreto Tatiana Fernanda Barbosa , Ferreira Amâncio Antônia Vilma de Andrade , Alves Francyelle Grugel de Castro , Pereira Genildo Fonseca
Published: April 2018

The objective of this study was to evaluate the chemical composition and protein and carbohydrate fractions in three forage species (Andropogon gayanus Kunth, Cenchrus ciliares L. and Panicum maximun x Panicum infestum) at four cutting ages: 21, 35, 49 and 63 days. Experiments were carried out at the Federal Institute of Education Science and Technology of Rio Grande do Norte - IFRN, located in the municipality of Apodi- RN, Potiguar West Meso-region. Materials collected in the field were analyzed in the Laboratory of Animal Nutrition (LANA), Federal Rural Semiarid University (UFERSA), Campus Mossoró, RN. Samples were processed, phenated, and analyzed. The analysis conducted included fractionation of nitrogen compounds and carbohydrates and chemical composition (dry matter, mineral matter, crude protein, lipids and fibers) was determined. The forages evaluated showed decreasing crude protein content with increasing cutting age, ranging between 14.9 and 6.2%. Andropogon grass showed the highest crude protein content. The fiber content increased with age. Fiber consisted of 62.4%–70.0% NDF and 30.07%–33.03% ADF. Highest fiber content was recorded for Massai grass, in which case, these two component species showed the highest fractions of intermediate degradation protein (B2), while Andropogon and Buffel Capins showed higher fractions of non-fibrous carbohydrates (A and B1). An increase in the concentration of cell-wall material in the detriment of the cellular content with increasing plant age was observed in the fodder studied. We also observed an increase in the indigestible fraction (C) of proteins and carbohydrates in the species studied.
Fermentative profile and nutritional value of elephant grass silage with different levels of crude glycerin
Authors: Rigueira João Paulo Sampaio , Monção Flávio Pinto , Sales Eleuza Clarete Junqueira de , Reis Sidnei Tavares dos , Brant Lara Maria Santos , Chamone Julieta Maria de Alencar , Rocha Júnior Vicente Ribeiro , Pires Daniel Ananias de Assis
Published: April 2018

This study aimed to evaluate the best level of inclusion of crude glycerin in elephant grass (Pennisetum purpureum Schum.) silage on fermentative profile, chemical composition and ruminal degradation of dry matter and fiber fraction in elephant grass silages. The experiment was conducted in a completely randomized design being used elephant grass cv. Napier with four levels of inclusion of glycerin (1, 5, 10, 15% in natural matter) with six repetitions and the control treatment (exclusive silage elephant grass). Increasing linear effect was observed for each unit added glycerin percentage in natural matter (MN) an increase of 0.36% in the DM content of silages and increase of 0.32% in the ether extract. The fermentative quality of silage there was no difference in pH between the control silage and added with glycerine, with an average of 3.91. The degradability of the fiber, the addition of crude glycerin up to 15% increased by 7.2%; 53.8% and 36.5%, respectively, the insoluble fraction, but potentially degradable standardized "bp", degradation rate of the fraction "bp", "c" and effective degradability, respectively. Inclusion of 15% glycerin in natural matter improves the composition bromatological fermentative profile and ruminal degradation of dry matter and fiber fraction.
Natural hemoplasma infection of cats in Cuiaba, Mato Grosso, Brazil
Authors: Makino Herica , Paula Daphine Ariadne Jesus de , Sousa Valéria Regia Franco , Mendonça Adriane Jorge , Dutra Valéria , Nakazato Luciano , Almeida Arleana Do Bom Parto Ferreira de
Published: April 2018

The aim of this research was to investigate natural hemoplasma infection in cats treated at the Veterinary Hospital of the Federal University of Mato Grosso, and the factors associated with infection. Blood samples from 151 cats of different sexes, breeds, and ages were analyzed by PCR and blood count. The overall occurrence of hemoplasma was 25.8%. Mycoplasma haemofelis (Mhf), ‘Candidatus Mycoplasma haemominutum (CMhm)’, and ‘Candidatus Mycoplasma turicensis’ (CMt) were observed in 15.2%, 14.6% and 2.6% of cats, respectively. In 6.6 % of cases, co-infection was observed. Male felines or mixed breed cats were associated with infection by CMhm (P = 0.02 and 0.04, respectively). The data obtained demonstrated an occurrence of 25.8% for hemoplasma infection in felines coming from clinical care in the city of Cuiabá, where males were at higher risk of acquiring the infection by these agents, in addition to a higher risk for CMhm in felines with no specific breed.
Whose Life Should Be Reformed?: The Transformation of the Life Reform Movement in Prewar Japan
Authors: Hisai Eisuke
Published: April 2018

This paper aims to show that the life reform movement taking place in Japanese cities before the Second World War was not separate from the postwar life reform movement taking place in rural areas; rather, it possessed aspects that were continued after the war. Previous studies have pointed out that life reform movement organizations established in cities in the Taisho period targeted the middle class. However, they have only made fragmentary references to the fact that such organizations instead came to emphasize the importance of farmers, who made up the majority of the population, starting in the late 1920s. This paper is a case study of the activities of the Life Reform League (renamed the Central Association of Life Reform in November 1933), which spearheaded prewar Japan’s life reform movement. The results of this study clarify that the leaders of the life reform movement in the late 1920s and beyond focused on farmers, who made up the majority of the population, as a new target demographic to stop the movement from stagnating. Moreover, they proposed a movement with a foundation consisting not of individuals, but of small, community-based groups. Although many of the organization’s new initiatives never left the planning stages, this change in the organization’s activity policy is nonetheless a clear indication of the process by which the initial principle of “life reform,” concerned with only part of society, transitioned to become a postwar principle concerned with the entire Japanese population.
Analysis of Docudrama Techniques and Negotiating One’s Identity in David Edgar’s Pentecost
Authors: Sharadgeh Samer Ziyad Al
Published: April 2018

Edgar manages to invert the subordinate function of generally accepted objective indicators of membership of a particular national group—language, religion, common history, and territory—into the essential mode of imperative distinction shaping the unique national identity. In other words, it is the fresco and the value assigned to it that defines and consigns meaning to Catholic or Orthodox denomination, the refugees, and their hostages in Pentecost, not vice versa. The fact that it is only after they learn about the hypothetically enormous estimated value of the painting that Fr Petr Karolyi and FrSergei Bojovic fervently announce the fresco (as well as the abandoned church where it was discovered) as belonging to their particular denomination, which enunciates that each of the national constituents in their lack of distinctive features suffers from processes similar to the major redesigning and reconstruction of the sense of identity in the nation.
Exploring Connexion between Sovereign Wealth Funds and Islamic Finance in the Gulf Countries
Authors: Mishrif Ashraf , Akkas Erhan
Published: April 2018

This study explores the relationship between the development of sovereign wealth funds (SWFs) and Islamic finance in the Gulf Cooperation Council countries. It argues that despite a simultaneous growth in both industries in the petrodollar era, there has been insignificant degree of complementary between them and the size of SWFs investments in Islamic finance is limited. Analysis attributes such divergence to the peculiarity of SWFs’ objectives, decision-making and investment strategy. Islamic finance has yet to provide low-risk long-term investment opportunities that are more attractive to SWFs than that available in the conventional market, hence bringing the industry under the funds’ radar. The study concludes by arguing that despite such limitation, both SWFs and Islamic finance have contributed to economic development and have the potential to overcome such lack of conjunction.
The Effect of Applying the Organization Enterprise Resource Planning System (ERP) in the Quality of Internal Audit: A Case of Jordanian Commercial Banks
Authors: Halim AL Theebeh Ziad Abdul , AL-Mubaydeen Tareq Hammad , Ismael Mahmoud Fawzi
Published: April 2018

This study aimed at examining the impact of the ERP system on the quality of internal auditing in the Jordanian commercial banks. For this purpose, the researchers designed a questionnaire that was distributed to specialists in the same field of this research. The questionnaire consisted of eight perspectives. The study’s sample included 21 Jordanian banks, while the study’s sample consisted of thirteen Jordanian commercial banks. The results discovered a statistical and significant impact on the application of the organization's resource planning system, especially in the field of finance, marketing, sales, management, human resources as well as the services’ system. Based on these results, the researchers raised up a set of recommendations, which are including the necessity of developing the capabilities of the internal auditors in the use of the organization's ERP system in general, and enhancing the accounting system to increase the confidence and the quality of the financial reports particularly. Additionally, it is necessary to explain for the internal auditors the risks, which are embedded in the system of information technology.
Enhancing Employees’ Performance through Organizational Care Policies in the Health Care Context
Authors: Tomo Andrea , Todisco Lucio
Published: April 2018

Literature is increasingly recognizing that organizations must combine themes of care and concern with more established economic objectives. This conceptual study will expand on this literature by considering how expressions of organizational care toward employees, by improving their well-being, may influence their motivation, work involvement and, in turn, improve performance. In more detail, by extending the conceptual framework developed by Bonner & Sprinkle (2001), it is argued that managers should take into account the impact, not only of monetary and non-monetary incentives, but even of other caring policies, on employee motivation and performance outcomes. On this ground, this study develops a theoretical model on how organizational care may help employees in expressing their work potential and enhancing their performance. The model is developed within the health care context since its particular setting that strongly affects employees’ well-being.
Influence of the Iberian pig's diet on the characteristics of the compounds related to the fat of cured ham
Authors: Hendricks
Published: April 2018

Alimentation Influence in the characteristics of compounds related with fat of ham from iberic pigs. Alimentation influence (acorn, acorn-bait mixed, bait) over characteristics fat and their degradation products, that are in part, responsible of the aroma of ham, has been studied. Influence over the naturation degree has been observed. Relation oleic/ linoleic+linolenic acids are different In the three types of hams. Also water activity, salinity index and redox potential show differences that affect to the relative percentage of satured and unsatured free fatty acids. Fat of bait hams suffer more oxidation. Acorn and mixed acornbait hams offer a higher level of pentanal and acetaldehyde. Whereas bait hams have higher level of hexanal, heptanal and octanal. The percentage of cetonic compounds are similar in all then.
Evaluation of strontium substituted lanthanum manganite-based solid oxide fuel cell cathodes using cone-shaped electrodes and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy
Authors: Hansen Kent Kammer
Published: April 2018

Five La1-xSrxMnO3+d-based perovskites (x = 0, 0.05, 0.15, 0.25 and 0.50) were synthesized and investigated by powder XRD, dilatometry and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy measurements and cone-shaped electrode techniques. The thermal expansion coefficient increased with increasing strontium content. It was shown that the total polarization resistance was the lowest for the intermediate compound, La0.95Sr0.05MnO3+d. Two arcs were found in the impedance spectra. These arcs were attributed to two one-electron processes. The results indicate that either Mn(III) is the catalytically active species or that the redox capacity is important for the activity of the compounds towards the reduction of oxygen in a solid oxide fuel cell. At higher temperatures, the oxide ionic conductivity may also play a role.