bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Impact of environmental energy facility planning and design on energy management in urban development
Authors: Dhabliya Dharmesh , Almusawi Muntather , Ameer S. Abdul , Rekha M. , Santhi G. B. , Senthil Kumar R. , Senthil Kumar R.
Published: September 2024

The development of the urban environment by providing favorable and secure conditions to the population are always directed based on the Environmental Energy factors at various level. The role of environment facility planning and development remains an integral part of designing an efficient Energy management in urban development . In this paper, the Hierarchical Statistical Efficient Planning Framework (HSEPF) has been proposed for Energy management in urban development and transportation management in urban areas. The proposed HSEPF utilizes the mathematical model for the analysis of transportation in urban areas. The proposed HSEPF focuses on designing and developing effective urban policies to improve territorial utilization efficiency and enhance Environmental Energy resources effectively. The planning has been prepared based on the ecological information in the urban region. Further, effective urban policy resolves several Environmental Energy planning and development challenges in the urban area. This paper explores the impact of Environmental Energy factors in urban territory design and management. The proposed HSEPF method experimental results show a high-efficiency ratio of 97.8%, the performance ratio of 98.7%, reliability ratio of 96.4%, and reduces the transportation congestion ratio of 15.2%, cost utilization ratio of 12.3% in urban Environmental Energy facility management compared to other methods.
Collection and management of vermicomposting of market waste
Authors: Vijayshankar G.R. , Dhivya K. , Jyothi Kunta , Hassan Muntather M. , Kumar Reddy K. Sunil
Published: September 2024

Vegetable waste from households and markets contributes to contamination of the environment, changes in the global climate, and risks to human health. The techniques used for their management and disposal are inadequate. The goal of this study was to use the earth worm species Eudrilus eugeniae and Eisenai fetida to turn vegetable market trash into vermicompost. After 40 days, organic waste is allowed to decompose with the aid of earth worms, forming compost. The vermicompost was then collected and examined. Temperature, pH level, moisture content, and organic content were among the parameters that were assessed. The final product indicates that there is an increase in nutritional content. Vermicomposting encourages plant development and enhances soil quality, which is beneficial for handling many types of household, commercial, and agricultural waste. Vermicomposting is therefore an extremely nutrient-rich organic fertiliser.
Improve the domestic wastewater quality by using natural materials by coagulant method
Authors: Sivanantham A. , Devaraj J. , Prashar Tarun , Hussain Laeth , Prashanth M.V. Ajay
Published: September 2024

One of the main industries that produces waste water is domestic waste water. When untreated wastewater is dumped into open spaces or bodies of water, the ecosystem is permanently harmed. Thus, wastewater treatment is required. The following processes are used in wastewater treatment: biological processes, chemical reactions, sedimentation, filtration, coagulation/flotation, and precipitation. Due to their expense, each approach offers advantages of its own as well as application-specific constraints. The need of the investigation was to optimise the coagulation technique and determine if natural coagulants could replace the commercial synthetic coagulants now in use, such as aluminium sulphate.
Utilization of Philippine Lime Waste (Citrofortunella macrocarpa) as a Natural Coagulant for ELJ Centre Domestic Wastewater Treatment
Authors: Quiton Khyle Glainmer , Morales Pauline Yarah
Published: September 2024

Coagulation treatment is often performed prior to sedimentation and filtration. A coagulant is introduced to the wastewater and is used to remove suspended materials from water. Plant-based coagulants (PBC) are a type of coagulant that is widely used for the treatment of contaminated water in less urban areas because they appear to be lower in carrying cost-treated coagulates when compared to artificial coagulants. Citrus fruits are a type of PBC that is ongoing research. These naturally coagulate due to the presence of certain compounds, such as pectin, which is a structural fibre. In this study, the Philippine lime is dried, pulsed, and sieved to act as a coagulant for the wastewater treatment of domestic wastewater samples obtained from a commercial building. Using the jar test method, the coagulant’s optimum speed, dosage, duration, and settling time were determined based on the resulting turbidity. The optimal mixing speed is 80 rpm, the coagulant dosage is 15 mg/L, the mixing duration is 15 minutes, the settling time is 20 minutes, and the pH is 7.28. The optimal conditions for the Philippine lime coagulant were used for the orange coagulant in comparison. It was found that the pectin content of both coagulants has a significant effect on their coagulation efficiency. Philippine lime waste showed potential as a coagulant, efficiently reducing the turbidity of domestic wastewater. Philippine lime waste showed potential as a coagulant, efficiently reducing the turbidity of domestic wastewater.
Magnesium Salt Recovery from Concentrate and Use in Treatment of Saline Water
Authors: Al-Momani Tuqa , Ammary Bashaar
Published: September 2024

Magnesium salt was recovered from artificial concentrate and used in the removal of contaminants (PO4, Turbidity and NO3) from saline water that has high initial magnesium concentration (artificial brackish and sea water) at pH 11. Solar panels were used to enhance and expedite the precipitation process. PO4 removal efficiency increased as Recovered Magnesium Salt (RMS) increased, with the highest removal reaching 99.7% at a dose of 200 mg/l (RMS), initial PO4–P concentration of 20 mg/l, and water salinity of 40,000 mg/l. Removal efficiency of PO4 increased as the salinity of water increased. However, beyond 10,000 mg/l salinity, the improvement was practically non-existent. Removal efficiency for turbidity and NO3 also improved as the dose of RMS increased. There was no correlation between TDS concentration and turbidity or NO3 removal efficiency. Turbidity removal efficiencies reached a value of 90% at a dose of 200 mg/l RMS for initial turbidity value of 50 NTU, and water salinity of 40,000 mg/l. NO3 removal efficiency ranged from 38.4% to 99.2%. The study also evaluated the effect of anti-scalant use on the removal efficiency of PO4, turbidity, and NO3 using RMS. Results have shown, using 2 anti-scalants (Phosphonic acid and a proprietary anti-scalant (AS-4100)), that the negative effect disappears after two hours of anti-scalant addition.
Study on Influencing Factors of Rural Domestic Garbage Treatment in China - Fangzheng as an Example
Authors: Xiu Han , Jinghua Shen
Published: September 2024

With the stable growth of economic development and rapid economic development in rural areas, there is severe pressure and challenge in the governance of household garbage in rural areas. This paper analyzed the influencing factors of rustic domestic garbage collection and transportation in Fangzheng County of Heilongjiang Province using SPSS statistical analysis software. It was found that the disposal equipment for household waste and vehicle equipment was highly correlated with the present garage disposal. According to the research sample base, To meet the requirements of factor analysis, SPSS software was used to carry out multiple linear regression and principal component regression to the entire calculation process, and the regression equation was determined to review the influencing factors and solutions of rural domestic waste treatment.
School Roofs: Hubs of New Renewable Energy Communities
Authors: Barbaro Leone , Battista Gabriele , de Lieto Vollaro Emanuele , Sapia Carmine , de Lieto Vollaro Roberto
Published: September 2024

Large public infrastructures, such as school buildings, have the potential to serve as vital resources for surrounding communities by incorporating photovoltaic panels on their roofs. By harnessing solar power, a school roof can become an electrical power station operating daily, with minimal environmental or architectural impact. This innovative approach can supply renewable electricity to the local community, aligning with the concept of renewable energy communities (REC). This study delves into the case of a primary school in Rome, examining strategies to distribute the generated electricity to the surrounding community. Utilizing System Advisor Model (SAM), an energy simulation was conducted to assess the performance of the photovoltaic plant. The study then analysed the energy output from the photovoltaic system in relation to streetlights and household electricity consumption. The findings underscore the effectiveness of the photovoltaic plant and the numerous benefits it offers in terms of energy efficiency, cost savings, and environmental sustainability.*
Clonorchis sinensisinfection induces pathological changes in feline bile duct epithelium and alters biliary microbiota composition
Authors: Li Feng , Zhang Yanli , Li Chunfu , Li Fenqi , Gan Baojiang , Yu Hong , Li Jian , Feng Xinyu , Hu Wei
Published: September 2024

Background: Clonorchis sinensisis a zoonotic liver fluke that inhabits the bile ducts of the human liver for prolonged periods, leading to cholangiocarcinoma. Recent research indicates associations between altered biliary microbiota and bile duct disorders. However, the impacts ofC. sinensisinfection on bile duct epithelium and subsequent effects on biliary microbiota remain unknown.Methods:Feline bile duct samples were collected from both uninfected andC. sinensis-infected cats. Histopathological examination was performed to assess epithelial changes, fibrosis, mucin and cell proliferation using hematoxylin-eosin staining and immunohistochemistry. Additionally, biliary microbiota composition was analyzed through 16S rRNA gene sequencing. Statistical analyses were conducted to compare the microbial diversity and relative abundance between infected and uninfected samples.Results:Histopathological analysis of infected feline bile ducts revealed prominent epithelial hyperplasia characterized by increased cell proliferation. Moreover, periductal fibrosis and collagen fibrosis were observed in infected samples compared to uninfected controls. Biliary microbial richness decreased with disease progression compared to uninfected controls.Streptococcusabundance positively correlated with disease severity, dominating communities in cancer samples. Predictive functional analysis suggested thatC. sinensismay promote bile duct lesions by increasing microbial genes for carbohydrate metabolism, replication, and repair.Conclusions:This study provides comprehensive insights into the pathological effects ofC. sinensisinfection on feline bile duct epithelium and its influence on biliary microbiota composition. These novel findings provide insight intoC. sinensispathogenesis and could inform therapeutic development against human clonorchiasis. Further research is warranted to elucidate the underlying mechanisms driving these changes and their implications for host-parasite interactions.
Traditional Dancesport: A process of physical innovation in the frame of aesthetic movement
Authors: Suhaya Alya Putri , Masunah Juju , Nugraheni Trianti , Dadijono Darmawan
Published: September 2024

This article aims to examine the various dance movements in Traditional Dancesport performances in West Java, one of which was pioneered by Raja LAK Galuh Pakuan, by taking a sample of Jawara Squad athletes representing West Java Province from Subang Regency at the XIV National Championship event. The innovation of working on aesthetic movements rooted in traditional dance in sports halls also becomes a potential bargaining power for the advancement of the Indonesian nation in economic, social and cultural aspects. This research uses a qualitative approach with a case study method intended to describe and explain the innovation process of creating dance moves to create performances by Jawara Squad athletes in the phenomenon of traditional dancesport competition numbers which experience a change from the function of aesthetic performance to a sporting function. Data was obtained through observation, interviews, documentation and literature study. The analysis technique uses triangulation. The results in this research include various sources of dance movements from several ethnicities presented by Jawara Squad, including Sundanese, Javanese, Kalimantan, Papuan and Balinese. Analysis of movement innovations carried out by coaches is integrated with gymnastics and acrobatic sports movements such as back flips, front rolls, and lifting movements. The periodization exercise process is implemented by selecting the short-term category. The transformation of functions in the dancespot phenomenon is divided into primary and secondary aspects that support cultural socialization.
Piriformis preserving posterior approach STAR for primary and primary complex total hip arthroplasty: Excellent safety and efficacy in a single blinded prospective single surgeon cohort of 522 patients with a mean follow-up of 2 years
Authors: Kenanidis Eustathios , Pegios Vasileios F. , Tsamoura Eleni , Milonakis Nikolaos , Tsiridis Eleftherios
Published: September 2024

Introduction: STAR (Superior Transverse Anatomic Reconstruction), a piriformis-preserving posterior approach, has not been extensively studied. Our study aimed to assess the STAR approach’s safety and efficacy by recording postoperative complication rates and measuring implantation accuracy in a single surgeon prospective cohort with a mean follow-up of two years. Methods: The study involved 522 patients with elective primary or complex primary total hip arthroplasty (THA) performed by a senior surgeon using the STAR approach between 2019 and 2023. 63.6% of the patients were female. The mean patients’ age was 65.6 years. 19.5% of the procedures were primary complex THAs. The mean follow-up and length of stay were 2.13 years and 1.50 days. The ratio of uncemented to hybrid and standard to dual mobility liner THAs were 3:2 and 4:1. Fifty-eight patients received blood transfusions. All patients followed the same postoperative protocol. Two physicians not involved in surgery collected clinical and radiological data. Efficacy was defined as measuring the cup inclination and anteversion, stem alignment, and leg length discrepancy (LLD) using the one-month postoperative standardised supine anteroposterior pelvic X-rays. The postoperative complication rate, including dislocation and infection, defined safety. Results: The mean cup inclination and anteversion were 42.80 (±4.9) and 19.90 (±8.9), respectively. 97.5% of the stems were placed in neutral and 2.5% in varus position. The mean LLD was 3.3 ± 6.3 mm. A single deep infection was managed with two-stage revision with no recurrence, and an early traumatic dislocation in an 80-year-old woman was managed successfully with closed reduction and hip spica. Three superficial wound infections were treated with oral antibiotics. Discussion: The STAR approach is safe and has demonstrated excellent early-to-mid-term efficacy profile outcomes. The unobstructed acetabular and femoral intraoperative view facilitated optimal implant positioning and contributed to excellent dislocation outcomes in combination with piriformis preservation.
Creating Edinburgh: diffracting interdisciplinary learning and teaching in the contemporary city
Authors: Cullen Clare , Jay David , Overend David , Winter M.
Published: September 2024

This article follows an experimental interdisciplinary undergraduate course in the busy, unpredictable space of the contemporary city. It locates practice-based research of interdisciplinary higher education in a dynamic learning environment, which is comprised of unpredictable connections between disciplinary perspectives. Following Karen Barad, the aim is to diffract interdisciplinary higher education in order to recognise and work with a multiplicity of meanings and experiences. This article explores an alternative to the dominant model of challenge-based learning in the interdisciplinary classroom. Creating Edinburgh: The Interdisciplinary City is an undergraduate elective offered by Edinburgh Futures Institute at the University of Edinburgh. It provides students with opportunities to explore the city of Edinburgh in small groups of students from a wide range of degree programmes. Groups are invited to engage with a selection of themed fieldwork topics throughout the 11 weeks of the course, visiting specific sites and responding to a series of tasks and questions. These include themes such as Sustainability, Decolonisation and Wildness, which are presented as interdisciplinary field topics to explore rather than problems to solve. This article develops a research methodology that sets out to travel with students as they navigate their way through the city during their weekly field trips. Combining first-hand autoethnographic accounts with walking interviews, it offers an insight into interdisciplinary learning and teaching in the expanded field of the contemporary city. Conceiving urban space as an assemblage of digital and non-digital objects, events and activities, members of the research team accompany students during their fieldwork, equipped with audio recorders, cameras and notebooks. The documents of these research journeys are then diffracted within a new materialist framework. The article concludes with questions and prompts for working with the agency and the affordances of a field-based education practice.
Thermal junctions controlled with Aharonov–Bohm phases
Authors: Balduque José , Mecha Adrián , Sánchez Rafael
Published: September 2024

Unlike charge, heat flows are difficult to control. We show that, in mesoscopic conductors, electronic thermal currents can be manipulated with a magnetic field by using the Aharonov–Bohm effect: the magnetic control of the interference pattern enhances the thermoelectric effect, while heat transport can be totally suppressed. In a three-terminal configuration, the flux-induced broken reciprocity generates a nonlocal thermoelectric response and translates to the circulation of heat. This way, efficient thermoelectric generators, thermal switches, thermal circulators, and energy harvesters can be defined for minimally disturbing thermal management at the nanoscale.
An upconversion device based on high-performance dual-layer white organic electroluminescent devices
Authors: Wang Weigao , Li Yiyang , Wan Yili , Duan Yu , An Hua , Peng Zhengchun
Published: September 2024

Large-area imaging techniques in the short-wave infrared spectral region remain a pressing need. Organic light-emitting diodes and infrared photodetectors can be combined to form a near-infrared (NIR) to visible upconversion device, which has great potential to replace traditional infrared imaging systems. The integration of a white organic light-emitting diode (WOLED) with infrared photodetectors has become essential to realize full-color displays for its simple preparation process and high compatibility. This work has designed and optimized a WOLED to achieve stable emission with high brightness (19 470 cd m−2) and high external quantum efficiency (EQE = 18.08%) at a wide voltage range, thereby reducing chromaticity drift caused by voltage fluctuations. Moreover, photon-generated holes in the NIR-sensitive photodetector are able to inject into the WOLED for visible light emission. Consequently, we have obtained a high-performance upconversion device with a luminance on-off ratio exceeding 5 × 103 at 850 nm NIR and a high color stability over a wide range of operating voltage. Our efforts have accomplished a high-performance upconversion device from NIR to white visible light, laying the groundwork for a preliminary exploration of full-color displays.
Efficient asymmetric diffusion channel in MnCo
2
O
4
spinel for ammonium-ion batteries
Authors: Xiao Kang , Xiao Bo-Hao , Li Jian-Xi , Cao Shunsheng , Liu Zhao-Qing
Published: September 2024

Transition metal oxides ion diffusion channels have been developed for ammonium-ion batteries (AIBs). However, the influence of microstructural features of diffusion channels on the storage and diffusion behavior of NH
4
+
is not fully unveiled. In this study, by using MnCo
2
O
4
spinel as a model electrode, the asymmetric ion diffusion channels of MnCo
2
O
4
have been regulated through bond length optimization strategy and investigate the effect of channel size on the diffusion process of NH
4
+
. In addition, the reducing channel size significantly decreases NH
4
+
adsorption energy, thereby accelerating hydrogen bond formation/fracture kinetics and NH
4
+
reversible diffusion within 3D asymmetric channels. The optimized MnCo
2
O
4
with oxygen vacancies/carbon nanotubes composite exhibits impressive specific capacity (219.2 mAh g
–1
at 0.1 A g
–1
) and long-cycle stability. The full cell with 3,4,9,10-perylenetetracarboxylic diimide anode demonstrates a remarkable energy density of 52.3 Wh kg
–1
and maintains 91.9% capacity after 500 cycles. This finding provides a unique approach for the development of cathode materials in AIBs.
The road ahead for Construction Grammar
Authors: Hilpert Martin
Published: September 2024

What does the future hold for Construction Grammar? What are the most promising future avenues for research on
constructions? This paper addresses the development of Construction Grammar as a theory of language through the perspective of six
recent PhD dissertations that explore constructional meaning, the architecture of the constructional network, and the role of
language change in a constructional theory of language. The goal of this paper is to establish connections between these ideas,
and to spell out how different questions concerning Frame Semantics, distributional semantic methods, priming, nodes and
connections, individual differences, and constructional change all contribute to a picture that is bigger than the sum of its
parts.
Using a rubric as a mediational tool to assess pre-service immersion teacher development
Authors: Tedick Diane J. , Mathieu Corinne S.
Published: September 2024

Dual language and immersion (DLI) teaching requires knowledge and pedagogical skills focused on language and
content integration (e.g., Cammarata & Tedick, 2012; Lyster, 2007; Tedick & Cammarata, 2023). Recent
scholarship has begun to articulate how best to prepare DLI teachers with such knowledge and skills (e.g., Cammarata & Haley, 2017; Tedick et al., 2024; Tedick & Zilmer, 2018). This study adds to this work by exploring how a DLI-specific
teacher assessment rubric mediates the learning process. Researchers created a DLI-specific rubric to aid pre-service teacher
candidates (TCs) in developing skills related to content and language integration. The case study explores one TC and one
supervisor’s experiences with the rubric. Data sources include audio “diaries” and video-recordings of post-observation
conferences between the two participants. Qualitative inductive analysis led to sociocultural concepts (Vygotsky, 1978) as explanatory tools for understanding the role of the rubric in the TC’s learning and
supervisor’s mentoring.
Challenges in the compilation, annotation, and analysis of learner corpus
data
Authors: Callies Marcus
Published: September 2024

This chapter highlights and discusses the special
characteristics of learner corpus data and the challenges they may present
for corpus compilation, annotation, and analysis. Because learner corpus and
SLA researchers use their data to study L2 production and development, it is
of utmost importance that the data are valid, that is, they represent
“authentic” L2 production, which means that the data must stem from the
studied learners’ own language production. I discuss challenges
in three areas: (1) multilingual practices and metalinguistic language use,
(2) lexical and constructional bias, often brought about by the wording of
task instructions or writing prompts that learners are asked to respond to,
and (3) learner corpus annotation in view of the “discourse of deficit” in
SLA. For each of these challenges solutions as to how they can be met are
offered.
Early newspapers as data for corpus linguistics (and Digital
Humanities)
Authors: Hiltunen Turo
Published: September 2024

The availability of large digital archives has great
potential for corpus linguistic research, but their use is not without
problems. These problems can often be traced to fundamentally different
ideas of what might constitute “good data” in Digital Humanities and in
corpus linguistics, leading to different expectations regarding how the data
is made available to researchers. This chapter discusses the specific
challenges involved in using the British Library Newspapers
database for corpus linguistics and considers potential solutions for them.
It is argued that, to take full advantage of the database, it is necessary
to adopt a flexible approach enabling a critical reflection on the digital
materials, how they have been collected, processed, and made available.
Open Corpus Linguistics – or How to overcome common problems in dealing
with corpus data by adopting open research practices
Authors: Hartmann Stefan
Published: September 2024

In recent years, many researchers have called attention
to the fact that research results very often cannot be replicated – a
phenomenon that has been called replication crisis. The
replication crisis in linguistics is highly relevant to corpus-based
research: Many corpus studies are not directly replicable as the data on
which they are based are not readily available. Especially in English
linguistics, the full versions of many widely used corpora are still behind
paywalls, which means that they are not accessible to parts of the global
research community, and even when parts of the data are freely accessible,
this presents problems for state-of-the-art methods of data analysis. In
this paper, I discuss the challenges that have led to this situation and
address some possible solutions. In particular, I argue for using smaller
but openly available corpora whenever possible and for adopting open
research practices as far as possible even when using commercial
corpora.
Text length and short texts
Authors: Liimatta Aatu
Published: September 2024

Variation in text length is an unavoidable confounder in
quantitative text-analytic corpus-linguistic studies. Texts can be difficult
to compare across text lengths, particularly if many of them are short, due
to the difficulty of calculating meaningful frequencies for the lexical
items and linguistic features of interest. Traditionally, this has been less
of an issue, since texts in many of the genres typically studied in
linguistics have been relatively long. However, the rise of social media has
brought the issue to the forefront. In this chapter, I describe the problem
of text length and short texts together with a number of solutions and
workarounds to this and related problems.
Corpus genre categories
Authors: Ihrmark Daniel Ocic
Published: September 2024

This chapter highlights genre categorizations as a
pitfall at the intersection of corpus linguistics and literature and
problematizes the use of the genre category from the perspectives afforded
by both fields. The intention is for the paper to argue for a more explicit
communication of our genre categorization practices, and by doing so suggest
ways of avoiding miscommunication and confusion due to the genre term being
understood differently within different disciplines and backgrounds. The
conclusion is that the wider categorizations used, such as
novel or short story, are likely to be
the most practical, and that studies wanting to sub-categorize further using
the genre term should instead apply it according to their specific needs
accompanied by explicit discussion of the implementation.
Second Harmonic Generation in Nanowires
Authors: Zhao 赵 Bi-Jun 璧君 , Zhao 赵 Jian-Lin 建林 , Gan 甘 Xue-Tao 雪涛
Published: September 2024

Second harmonic generation (SHG) in optical materials serves as important techniques for laser source generations in awkward spectral ranges, physical identities of materials in crystalline symmetry and interfacial configuration. Here, we present a comprehensive review on SHGs in nanowires (NWs), which have been recognized as an important element in constructing photonic and optoelectronic devices with compact footprint and high quantum yield. Relying on NW’s one-dimensional geometry, its SHG could be employed as a sophisticated spectroscopy to determine the crystal phase and orientation, as well as the internal strain. The enhancements of SHG efficiency in NWs are discussed then, which were realized by hybrid integrating them with two-dimensional materials, nanophotonic and plasmonic structures. Finally, the potential applications of NW SHGs are concluded, including the areas of optical correlators and constructions of on-chip nano-laser sources.
Dust in high-redshift galaxies: reconciling UV attenuation and IR emission
Authors: Zhao Roy J. , Furlanetto Steven R.
Published: September 2024

Dust is a key component of galaxies, but its properties during the earliest eras of structure formation remain elusive. Here we present a simple semi-analytic model of the dust distribution in galaxies atz≳ 5. We calibrate the free parameters of this model to estimates of the UV attenuation (using the IRX-βrelation between infrared emission and the UV spectral slope) and to ALMA measurements of dust emission. We find that the observed dust emission requires that most of the dust expected in these galaxies is retained (assuming a similar yield to lower-redshift sources), but if the dust is spherically distributed, the modest attenuation requires that it be significantly more extended than the stars. Interestingly, the retention fraction is larger for less massive galaxies in our model. However, the required radius is a significant fraction of the host's virial radius and is larger than the estimated extent of dust emission from stacked high-zgalaxies. These can be reconciled if the dust is distributed anisotropically, with typical covering fractions of ∼ 0.2–0.7 in bright galaxies and ≲ 0.1 in fainter ones.
Hybrid bidirectional quantum communication with different levels of control with simulation
Authors: Saha Plaban , Kumar Mandal Manoj , Choudhury Binayak S , Samanta Soumen
Published: September 2024

In this paper, we develop a quantum communication protocol for the simultaneous preparation of a two-qubit and a three-qubit state at the positions of two different parties situated spatially apart. For one party, Alice, it is a remote state preparation of a known two-qubit state while for the other party, Bob, it is a joint remote state preparation with the help of a third party, Eve. The protocol is executed in a hybrid form bi-directionally in the presence of two controllers, Charlie and David. There is a hierarchy in the process through different levels of control under which the actions by Alice and Bob are performed. There is a need for a ten-qubit entangled channel connecting the five parties. The generation of this channel through a circuit is discussed. The protocol is executed on the IBM Quantum platform. We also study the effect of noise on our protocol. Here, amplitude-damping, bit-flip and phase-flip noisy environments are considered and the corresponding variations of fidelity are theoretically and numerically analyzed.
A novel MgHe compound under high pressure
Authors: Zhang 张 Jurong 车荣 , Chang 常 Lebin 乐斌 , Ji 纪 Suchen 苏宸 , Guo 郭 Lanci 兰慈 , Fu 付 Yuhao 钰豪
Published: September 2024

Helium, with a full-shell electronic structure, is the most inert element in the periodic table at atmospheric pressure. The study of the reaction between helium and other non-noble-gas elements as well as relevant compounds has attracted great attention in the fields of chemistry, physics, materials and planetary science. In this study, we found a stable compound of MgHe with P63/mmc symmetry at pressures above 795 GPa within zero-point energy. Thermodynamic stability calculations of P63/mmc phase at high temperatures and pressures indicate that this structure may exist in the interior of the super-Earth and Neptune. Our further simulations on the electron localization function and Bader analysis show that the predicted compound is an electride with −1.093e in the quantized interstitial quasiatom (ISQ) orbitals, which are localized at interstitial sites in the crystal lattice. Our study provides a theoretical basis for studying the physical and chemical properties of MgHe and the existence of MgHe in gaseous planets.
CMIP6 near-term and long-term projections of Eurasian winter cooling trend and cold extremes
Authors: Xu Xinping , He Shengping , Zhou Botao , Sun Bo
Published: September 2024

It is well-known that climate warming increases air temperature and reduces cold extremes in the long-term. But internal variability strongly modulates the variability of temperature at mid- and- high latitudes, for example, causing the remarkable cooling and severe winter weather over Eurasia from the 1990s to the early 2010s. It remains unclear whether the occurrence of Eurasian cooling and cold extremes will be offset by climate warming or stimulated by internal variability in the future. Based on the Sixth phase of the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project multi-model projections for 2015–2100, this study shows that the projected probability of Eurasian cooling trend decreases with increasing greenhouse gas concentration in the long-term (i.e. 2070–2099) from 14.8% under SSP126 to 0.9% under SSP585. In the near-term (i.e. 2021–2050), however, Eurasian cooling occurrences are less influenced by different emission scenarios. Coinciding with deep Arctic warming throughout the troposphere, the projected significant Eurasian cooling exhibits similar pattern and intensity among different scenarios. The similar trend towards tropospheric anticyclone over the Arctic among different scenarios in the near-term promotes the deep Arctic warming-Eurasian cooling trend through transporting warm (cold) air into the Arctic (mid-latitudes). Moreover, winter extreme cold anomalies (i.e. −3.0–−2.0 °C) and extreme cold days (i.e. 4–6 d) over the Eurasian continent are not sensitive to emission scenarios in the near-term. In the long-term, the accelerating climate warming under high-emission scenarios significantly reduces the frequency and intensity of Eurasian cold extremes compared to low-emission scenarios. Therefore, the occurrence of Eurasian cooling trend and cold extremes in the near-term will be dominated by internal influences (e.g. Ural blocking) and will rely more on the internal variability after the mid-century if carbon neutrality goal is achieved.
Free fermions, neutrality and modular transformations
Authors: Mulokwe Mbavhalelo , Zoubos Konstantinos
Published: September 2024

With a view towards higher-spin applications, we study the partition function of a free complex fermion in 2d conformal field theory, restricted to the neutral (zero fermion number) sector. This restriction leads to a partial theta function with a combinatoric interpretation in terms of Dyson’s crank of a partition. More crucially, this partition function can be expressed in terms of a q-hypergeometric function with quantum modular properties. This allows us to find its high-temperature asymptotics, including subleading terms which agree with, but also go beyond, what one obtains by imposing neutrality thermodynamically through a chemical potential. We evaluate the asymptotic density of states for this neutral partition function, including the first few subleading terms. Our results should be extendable to more fermions, as well as to higher-spin chemical potentials, which would be of relevance to the higher-spin/minimal model correspondence.
Properties of alkali activated masonry units incorporating Linz-Donawitz (LD) steel slag aggregates and Mangalore tile waste (MTW)
Authors: G S Gana , Pandit Poornachandra , Prashanth Shreelaxmi
Published: September 2024

The existing cement masonry units consume cement, natural resources and fuel making it less sustainable. The unrestrained utilization of natural resources and substantial production of industrial wastes has led to reuse and recycling for sustainable development. Among the prevailing industrial wastes, steel slags are presently dumped in landfills. Previous studies have utilized Linz Donawitz (LD) slag aggregates as a partial replacement for natural aggregates. On the other hand, the locally available Mangalore tile waste (MTW) was studied as a natural aggregate replacement. In the current investigation, the LD slag aggregates, and the MTW fine powder, aggregates were incorporated into the masonry system and accessed their fresh properties such as setting time, flow and hardened property -compressive strength, along with microstructural investigations. The masonry mixes indicated that the LD slag type 3 and M sand-based masonry unit exhibited higher compressive strength, around 40 MPa, and can be categorized as heavy-duty bricks according to IS 2180:1988.
Data analytics in ensemble learning for effective crop yield prediction
Authors: Tripathi Deeksha , Biswas Saroj K , Baruah Barnana
Published: September 2024

In agricultural research, Crop Yield Prediction (CYP) offers the best decision-making to assist farmers in agricultural yield forecasting efficiently. Most of the existing studies have not considered the exhaustive exploration of data analytics techniques in Machine Learning (ML) for CYP due to which the existing models have not given the optimal results. The main objective of this study is to investigate the effectiveness of data analytics in Ensemble Learning (EL) techniques for more reliable and high-performance CYP models. This article proposes an expert system model, Blended Expert System for Crop Yield Prediction (BESCYP), designed to predict the precise crop yields for specific agricultural lands in the Assam state of India. The proposed BESCYP employs Expectation–Maximization (EM) algorithm to treat missing values, the Isolation Forest (IF) technique to analyze outliers, the Genetic Algorithm (GA) to perform feature selection, Robust Scaling (RS) technique to perform data normalization and the Extra Tree (ET) for classification that overcome the variance and overfitting problem commonly associated with standard ML algorithms. The evaluation of the proposed BESCYP model has been performed using accuracy, precision, recall, and F-1 score on a dataset obtained from International Crops Research Institute for Semi-Arid Tropics (ICRISAT). The proposed model is compared against different standard ML algorithms, EL algorithms and various existing models available in the literature, and the experimental results show that the proposed BESCYP model outperforms other models.
Local bootstrap for network data
Authors: Zu Tianhai , Qin Yichen
Published: September 2024

In network analysis, one frequently needs to conduct inference for network parameters based on a single observed network. Since the sampling distribution of the statistic is often unknown, one has to rely on the bootstrap. However, because of the complex dependence structure among vertices, existing bootstrap methods often yield unsatisfactory performance, especially for small or moderate sample sizes. Here we propose a new network bootstrap procedure, termed the local bootstrap, for estimating the standard errors of network statistics. The method involves resampling the observed vertices along with their neighbour sets, and then reconstructing the edges between the resampled vertices by drawing from the set of edges connecting their neighbour sets. We justify the proposed method theoretically with desirable asymptotic properties for statistics such as motif density, and demonstrate its excellent numerical performance for small and moderate sample sizes. Our approach encompasses several existing methods, such as the empirical graphon bootstrap, as special cases. We investigate the advantages of the proposed method over existing methods in terms of edge randomness, vertex heterogeneity and neighbour set size, which can help to shed light on the complex issue of network bootstrapping.
Unveiling the shadows: a qualitative exploration of barriers to rooftop solar photovoltaic adoption in residential sectors
Authors: Mathew Tony C , Nagaraja Pandian Sridevi
Published: September 2024

In the face of global climate change, the urgent shift towards renewable energy sources such as solar power is vital for reducing greenhouse gas emissions and fostering a sustainable future, presenting a universal challenge and opportunity for energy policy worldwide. India’s adoption of rooftop solar photovoltaic is pivotal due to its vast solar potential, which aligns with national goals to increase renewable energy capacity, reduce carbon emissions, and achieve energy security. Kerala’s geographical location offers abundant solar potential, making it a prime candidate for the adoption of rooftop solar photovoltaic systems. Coupled with the state’s strong commitment to renewable energy initiatives such as the ambitious “SOURA” (solar subsidy program by the Kerala State Electricity Board) project and various incentives for solar adoption, Kerala stands at the forefront of India’s transition towards sustainable energy solutions. Understanding the barriers to rooftop solar photovoltaic adoption in Kerala is crucial for tailoring effective policies and strategies that address specific hindrances from economic constraints to informational gaps. This study employs a qualitative research method to identify the barriers to rooftop solar photovoltaic adoption among households in Kerala. Through face-to-face interviews with a purposively selected sample of 52 households, the research aims to gain in-depth insights into the multifaceted challenges hindering the widespread adoption of solar energy in residential settings. The findings reveal several key barriers: financial barriers, informational barriers, technical barriers, regulatory barriers, social barriers, and psychological barriers. Sentiment analysis indicates that while there is a predominantly positive attitude towards solar photovoltaic adoption, there are significant concerns that still need to be addressed. Addressing these barriers with targeted policy interventions and public awareness campaigns could significantly enhance the adoption of rooftop solar photovoltaic systems in Kerala.
Abnormal expression of natural mating behaviour of captive adult giant pandas is related to physiological stress
Authors: Wang Xueying , Yuan Bo , Huang He , Zhang Xiaohui , Liu Yuliang , Hou Rong , Zhang Mingyue
Published: September 2024

During ex situ conservation, the adaptability of giant pandas to environmental changes is greatly challenged. The issue of natural reproduction in captive giant pandas remains unresolved both domestically and internationally. It hypothesized that the restricted natural reproductive capacity may be linked to abnormal mating behavior expression due to physiological stress resulting from incompatible pairings in confined environments. To test this hypothesis, we utilized ultra-high performance liquid chromatographytandem quadrupole-time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UPLC-Q-TOF/MS) to analyse urine metabolites in captive adult giant pandas during their breeding period. Simultaneously, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was employed to measure the levels of cortisol and epinephrine in urine, providing insight into the psychological state of captive giant pandas during mate selection by examining all metabolites and related biochemical pathways. This comprehensive approach aims to fully elucidate the physiological mechanisms underlying the decline in natural reproductive capacity. The metabolomics findings indicate that the aberrant expression of natural mating behaviour in captive adult male and female giant pandas may be associated with dysfunction in amino acid metabolic pathways. The activation of these metabolic pathways is linked to psychological stress, such as the tryptophan metabolic pathway and GABAergic synapse pathway. The results of physiological indicators indicate a significant correlation between the expression of natural mating behaviour in captive adult pandas and the hormone urine cortisol, which is associated with physiological stress. These findings indicate that the atypical manifestation of natural mating behaviour in captive adult giant pandas may be associated with physiological stress induced by incompatible pairings within confined environments.
Novel Microbial Engraftment Trajectories Following Microbiota Transplant Therapy in Ulcerative Colitis
Authors: Moutsoglou Daphne , Syal Aneesh , Lopez Sharon , Nelson Elizabeth C , Chen Lulu , Kabage Amanda J , Fischer Monika , Khoruts Alexander , Vaughn Byron P , Staley Christopher
Published: September 2024

Background and Aims

Microbiota transplant therapy (MTT) is an emerging treatment for ulcerative colitis (UC). One proposed mechanism for the benefit of MTT is through engraftment of donor microbiota; however, engraftment kinetics are unknown. We identified SourceTracker as an efficient method both to determine engraftment and for the kinetic study of engrafting donor taxa to aid in determining the mechanism of how this therapy may treat UC.

Methods

Ulcerative colitis patients received either encapsulated (drug name MTP-101C) or placebo capsules daily for 8 weeks followed by a 4-week washout period. Amplicon sequence data from donors and patients were analyzed using the Bayesian algorithm SourceTracker.

Results

Twenty-seven patients were enrolled, 14 to placebo and 13 to MTT. Baseline Shannon and Chao1 indices negatively correlated with week 12 donor engraftment for patients treated with active drug capsules but not for placebo patients. SourceTracker engraftment positively correlated with the week 12 distance from donors measured using the Bray–Curtis similarity metric in treated patients but not with placebo. Engraftment at week 12 was significantly higher in the MTT group than in the placebo group. We identified engrafting taxa from donors in our patients and quantified the proportion of donor similarity or engraftment during weeks 1 through 8 (active treatment) and week 12, 4 weeks after the last dose.

Conclusion

SourceTracker can be used as a simple and reliable method to quantify donor microbial community engraftment and donor taxa contribution in patients with UC and other inflammatory conditions treated with MTT.
Large left ventricular outflow tract mass in a young patient: uncommon presentation of a common disease! A case report
Authors: Goel Shivam , Ramakrishnan Pradeep , Variar Sreelal , Arava Sudheer Kumar , Agstam Sourabh
Published: September 2024

Background

Infective endocarditis (IE) predominantly involves the cardiac valves. Timely diagnosis and initiation of therapy significantly reduce morbidity and mortality. Infective endocarditis presenting as a large left ventricular outflow tract (LVOT) mass is an atypical manifestation that provides significant challenges to the treating team.

Case summary

A 19-year-young male presented with exertional shortness of breath, palpitations, and presyncope for 4 months with constitutional symptoms for the last 6 months. Two-dimensional echocardiogram showed a large LVOT mass arising from the mitral aortic intervalvular fibrosa causing dynamic severe aortic valve obstruction, moderate aortic regurgitation, and severe mitral regurgitation. He was managed on lines of IE and received intravenous antibiotics. In view of worsening heart failure and cardiogenic shock, he underwent mass excision, mechanical aortic valve replacement, and mitral valve repair. Histopathology confirmed it as vegetation. He was discharged and is doing well at 2-month follow-up.

Discussion

An atypical presentation of IE as a large LVOT mass was observed in this young male. Sound clinical judgement, judicious use of ancillary imaging, and a multidisciplinary approach ensured timely diagnosis and appropriate treatment. Management included appropriate intravenous antibiotics followed by surgery.