bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
In vitro education of human natural killer cells by KIR3DL1
Authors: Pugh Jason , Nemat-Gorgani Neda , Djaoud Zakia , Guethlein Lisbeth A , Norman Paul J , Parham Peter
Published: November 2019

During development, NK cells are “educated” to respond aggressively to cells with low surface expression of HLA class I, a hallmark of malignant and infected cells. The mechanism of education involves interactions between inhibitory killer immunoglobulin–like receptors (KIRs) and specific HLA epitopes, but the details of this process are unknown. Because of the genetic diversity of HLA class I genes, most people have NK cells that are incompletely educated, representing an untapped source of human immunity. We demonstrate how mature peripheral KIR3DL1+human NK cells can be educated in vitro. To accomplish this, we trained NK cells expressing the inhibitory KIR3DL1 receptor by co-culturing them with target cells that expressed its ligand, Bw4+HLA-B. After this training, KIR3DL1+NK cells increased their inflammatory and lytic responses toward target cells lacking Bw4+HLA-B, as though they had been educated in vivo. By varying the conditions of this basic protocol, we provide mechanistic and translational insights into the process NK cell education.
汉语儿童早期否定表达在语义范畴方面的习得
Authors: 李 京谣
Published: November 2019

否定”这一语法范畴在不同的语言中体现形式各不相同，但不论什么语言都存在着否定含义的表达形态和方式，这说明否定表达在儿童的词汇发展过程中占据了重要的位置。普通话中的否定表达包括“不、不是、不会、没、没有、不要”等，其中“不”和“没”的使用最为普遍。本篇研究针对母语为汉语的儿童一至三岁期间与成人的日常对话中，对否定表达在语义范畴上的一些逻辑所指；着眼于不同否定表达的形式及其所对应的语义范畴，试图找出：（ 1） 汉语儿童早期在否定表达中各种否定词出现的顺序和否定语义范畴之间的联系；（ 2）汉语儿童的否定表达中是否存在新的逻辑所指；（ 3）汉语儿童否定词的出现顺序是否与儿童的认知能力，语言复杂性，语用能力等因素相关。
重极限的求解方法研究
Authors: 曲 莉 , 王 蕊 , 姜 畔
Published: November 2019

本文给出了求解重极限的九种方法：利用四则运算以及连续性求解重极限、利用重极限定义求解重极限、利用放缩法和迫敛性求解重极限、利用初等变换求解重极限、利用变量替换求解重极限、利用无穷小量与有界量的乘积还是无穷小量求解重极限、利用等价代换求解重极限、利用参数法求解重极限、利用重要极限的推广求解重极限。
蒙台梭利儿童观与教育观的探索与反思
Authors: 赵 丽
Published: November 2019

蒙台梭利是二十世纪最伟大的学前教育家之一，她的儿童之家和蒙台梭利教育法曾多次风靡全世界，影响了许多国家的学前教育发展。蒙台梭利在自己的教育实践基础上提出了独特的儿童观和教育观，文章围绕其中的一些重要观点，对其提出的背景、涵义做了梳理和探索，并在此基础上结合中国目前的学前教育状况进行反思，提出可以借鉴的内容。
“互联网 +”背景下高职院校学前教育课程创新变革探究
Authors: 孙 芳
Published: November 2019

伴随着社会的发展，互联网成了人们生活的重要组成部分，在“互联网 +”时代的大背景下，各个产业飞速发展，教育行业也将面临巨大的改变。本文从“互联网 + 教育”的环境下出发，分析了当前高职院校学前教育课程教育中存在的问题，同时针从互联网特点出发，为学前教育课程创新提出了相应的改革策略，期望以此能够促进学前教育专业的健康发展。
宁夏乡镇中心幼儿园存在的问题及发展策略
Authors: 马 金虎
Published: November 2019

《国务院关于当前发展学前教育的若干意见》提出“努力扩大农村学前教育资源，构建覆盖城乡、布局合理的学前教育公共服务体系。”中国宁夏 2011 年制定了《宁夏回族自治区学前教育三年行动计划（ 2011—2013）》。在中国政府有效运作和管理下，宁夏乡镇中心幼儿园在办园规模、便民服务、组织管理、科学运行等方面取得了长足发展。但受地域条件、经济发展水平、教育观念、教育资源分配等因素的影响，宁夏乡镇中心幼儿园在办园模式、运行机制、资源配置、师资培养等方面存在诸多问题。通过实地走访调查，本文梳理了宁夏乡镇中心幼儿园存在的问题，并依据调查结果对宁夏乡镇中心幼儿园的发展提出可行的建议。
高师教育实践背景下谈幼儿教师数学素养对教学的影响
Authors: 陈 海蓉
Published: November 2019

高师学前教育数学实践教学已经从单一走向综合、从零散走向系统、从直觉走向理性，但就培养人才后续的专业化发展以及他们在数学实际教育教学中能力的培养和提升来说，仍然存在一些明显的问题。幼儿教师只有真正认识到数学素养对教学的影响，才能有的放矢，成功迈向学前数学教育专业化发展之路。
高校更新策略背景下旧建筑的统合设计开发研究
Authors: 白 岩
Published: November 2019

随着旧建筑物价值的提高和统合设计的发展，高校在社会中的地位越来越显著。特别是现如今越来越多的高校将遗留的旧建筑作为能够反映高校历史和传播高校文化的途径。一些高校不但可以成为地方坐标，还能够体现出自身的历史文化。在高校中旧建筑物被重新利用和设计的方式虽然多样，但是只是针对局部翻新改造以及建筑维护等。本文基于统合设计理论研究体系的旧建筑改造案例及研究进行分析，总结归纳符合中国高校旧建筑改造的设计流程。
PENINGKATAN KEMAMPUAN MENULIS PUISI SISWA KELAS V SD INPRES BATULAPPA KABUPATEN BARRU MELALUI SISTEM PEMBELAJARAN EMOSIONAL
Authors: Dirham Muhammad
Published: November 2019

Penelitian ini bertujuan mendeskripsikan perencanaan, penggunaan, dan penilaian peningkatan kemampuan Menulis Puisi Siswa Kelas V SD Inpres Batulappa Kabupaten Barru melalui Sistem Pembelajaran Emosional. Penelitian ini merupakan jenis Penelitian Tindakan Kelas (PTK). Data penelitian adalah tindakan berupa respons tingkah laku guru dan siswa dalam interaksi pembelajaran di kelas. Sumber data penelitian ini adalah guru dan siswa kelas V SD Inpres Batulappa Kabupaten Barru dengan jumlah siswa 19 orang.  Teknik pengumpulan data dengan teknik tes, pengamatan, dan wawancara. Adapun teknik analisis data dengan (1) Menelaah seluruh data yang telah terkumpul, (2) reduksi data, (3) penyajian data atau memaparkan data, dan (4) menyimpulkan data. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa perencanaan pembelajaran telah terlaksana dengan baik. Pelaksanaan pembelajaran mulai dari kegiatan awal, kegiatan inti, dan kegiatan akhir dapat meningkatkan kemampuan Menulis Puisi Siswa Kelas V SD Inpres Batulappa Kabupaten Barru. Berdasarkan data yang diperoleh bahwa persentase ketuntasan belajar siswa mengalami peningkatan pada siklus I jumlah siswa yang tuntas  14 siswa dengan persentase 73 % dan pada siklus II jumlah siswa yang tuntas  19 siswa dengan persentase 94,74%  kualifikasi  sangat baik  18 siswa dan 1 siswa kualifikasi baik persentase 5,26%. Pada tahap pelaksanaan juga terjadi peningkatan. Proses pembelajaran berlangsung dengan sangat baik dengan keinginan siswa untuk mengikuti seluruh proses pembelajaran yang dilakukan guru di kelas. Pada penilaian kemampuan menulis puisi dengan sistem pembelajaran emosional, guru lebih mampu melakukan penilaian secara komprehensif yaitu penilaian hasil dan penilaian proses. Oleh karena itu, disarankan kepada guru Bahasa Indonesia  agar dapat menggunakan sistem pembelajaran emosional  dalam pembelajaran kemampuan menulis puisi.Kata Kunci: Keterampilan, menulis, puisi, emosional
Pengaruh Teacher Feedback terhadap Kemampaun Murid dalam Pembelajaran Writing
Authors: Muhsin Muh Arief , Sastrawati Ika
Published: November 2019

Abstract The research aimed to describe the phenomena of feedback given by the teacher in learning writing. In addition, this study was also described how the response given by the student when receiving feedback from the teacher. The long term goal to be achieved was the improvement of the teaching system so that every educational institution had aimed at teaching concepts to form an intelligent generation. This study was a descriptive qualitative research to be carried out in SMA Muhammadiyah 1 Unismuh Makassar which one of top schools Muhammadiyah. The ability of students in the school had been considered good in communication, but their ability to write was still lacking , especially in terms of grammatical . Therefore, the researcher was described the feedback given by the subject teachers of English subjects at the time of writing , especially when students learned making mistakes in the process of teaching and learning in the classroom . The extent, the teacher can give feedback to the students.  The research was described the positive feedback and negative feedback given by the teacher so that it can be information and feedback in the learning process.Giving feedback subject teachers more English language based situation in the classroom. In writing instructional materials for example, most teachers use an explicit correction and metalinguistic feedback. This is because students are using written language than spoken language. Almost kinds of feedback used in teaching but not as often as with the two types of feedback. The students have different conditions, but most were more likely to agree given feedback after speaking or after making a mistake. The most powerful reason is the lack of experience of students in learning English so want to get direct feedback.Key words: Teacher Feedback, murid, Writing
The BRICS in the Contemporary Global Order: Objectives, Capabilities, and Limitations
Authors: Varela Alberto Hoyos , Miranda Delgado Rafael Gustavo
Published: November 2019

For the first time in the history of mankind several powers emerge simultaneously in different latitudes and can interact intensively. The Contemporary Global Order has presented significant changes among which highlight the absolute and relative decline of American power, and the emergence of new actors who have greater agency power in their international relations. One of these actors is the so-called BRICS that brings together Brazil, Russia, India, China and South Africa. For this reason the aim of this investigation is to analyzing the effective and potential power of the BRICS in the Contemporary Global Order. The methodology is it is situated inside the analytical eclecticism which is characterized by explaining a certain phenomenon without using a block of explanations sustained in a single tradition, but it takes and re-means the elements that it considers most pertinent for the case study. The article states that the BRICS do not claim or have the capacity to become hegemons. The objectives and capabilities of the BRICS have been especially notable in terms of international political economy, especially in the financial architecture, where China has its greatest power. The BRICS can promote an alternative to the existing game rules in the international system and promote a more plural world. They have the capacity to reform and build international economic institutions that allow a fairer distribution of material resources. They can curb unilateral global power interventions in regional affairs, framing interventions for humanitarian causes within multilateralism and the Responsibility to Protect. In terms of democracy and human rights, they will not make any contribution since their main actors, such as China and Russia, are examples of disrespect for these values.
Balancing Hospital's Financials through Implementing Cost of Quality Models
Authors: Aoun Malak , Alaaraj Hassan
Published: November 2019

Purpose: Hospitals integrate different quality improvement models such as lean and cost of quality to identify the wastes resulted from the cost of poor quality and spot the opportunities for improving the cost of good quality. This study reviews the literature related to these two models and highlights its implementation in the healthcare sector.

Design: the study is based on a systematic-review of previous literature and summarizes the best modules and practices of cost of quality in healthcare sector.

Findings: One of the main research implications is that accounting and quality assurance teams have to cooperate and share information to reduce undesirable costs and improve the hospital’s financials. However, future studies are encouraged to expand the research empirically to discover hidden costs of quality and implement different improvement quality models to enrich the literature.

Originality: It is a complicated task to balance between reducing the cost and providing a high quality service. This study is targeted for quality, finance and accounting managers and it highlights the main issues for measuring the cost of quality in hospitals.
A PRÁTICA PEDAGÓGICA EFETIVA E A REPRESENTAÇÃO DO PROFESSOR SOBRE O SEU FAZER PEDAGÓGICO
Authors: MARCONDES FERNANDA PEREIRA
Published: November 2019

Resumo

O presente relato tem por objetivo entender como o ensino de Geografia é compreendido pelo professor da disciplina e ao mesmo tempo pelos seus alunos. Procuramos observar a percepção do aluno
O papel da avaliação de impacto ao patrimônio na preservação da autenticidade e integridade do patrimônio cultural brasileiro
Authors: Martinez Camila Bernardy
Published: November 2019

Recursos como o Estudo de Impacto Ambiental (EIA) surgiram pela necessidade de controlar e mitigar a crescente pressão sofrida pelo meio ambiente devido a novos edifícios, empreendimentos e infraestru
IMPACTOS SOCIAIS DOS PROJETOS E DAS POLÍTICAS PÚBLICAS DE ECONOMIA SOLIDÁRIA NO ESTADO DO RIO DE JANEIRO
Authors: Oriente Anderson Carlos Nogueira
Published: November 2019

Este trabalho tem o objetivo apresenta alguns impactos sociais gerados pelos projetos e pelas políticas públicas de economia solidária no estado do Rio de Janeiro. Com base na pesquisa, observamos que
Um Modelo de Otimização Robusta para a Seleção de Fornecedores sob Incertezas
Authors: Tavares Cassiano da Silva , Munari Pedro , Godinho Filho Moacir
Published: November 2019

Este trabalho estuda o problema de seleção de fornecedores sob incertezas, motivado pela atual situação econômica do comércio mundial. A busca acirrada entre as organizações pela responsividade no ate
O que faz o numero "e" tão importante
Authors: Amorim Leonardo Moura de , Ferreira Jadson Araujo
Published: November 2019

O objetivo desse do trabalho é compreender por quais razões o número “e” é tão importante para a matemática. Foi realizada uma pesquisa bibliográfica onde analisamos todo o contexto histórico que env
KAJIAN PROGRAM PENINGKATAN KINERJA PROPELAN KOMPOSIT BERBASIS AP/HTPB/AL
Authors: Wibowo Heri Budi
Published: November 2019

Kajian strategi litbang dalam meningkatkan kinerja propelan komposit berbasis AP/HTPB/Al dilakukan dalam rangka mencapai teknologi propelan yang setara dengan negara maju dalam penguasaan teknologi roket sipil, khususnya untuk roket Sonda dan roket Pengorbit Satelit di LAPAN. Kajian dilakukan dengan melakukan review terhadap capaian proplelan saat ini, analisis penyebab-penyebabnya, dan penyusunan strategi untuk mengatasinya. Hasil kajian menunjukkan bahwa diperlukan organisasi, tahapan litbang dan pengelolaan SDM yang sistematis, serta tahapan pencapaian teknologi yang perlu dilakukan. Keterbatasan bahan baku propelan merupakan masalah utama dalam pengembangan propelan di Indonesia. Peningkatan kinerja propelan dapat dilakukan dengan meningkatkan solid loading density dan penambahan bahan energetik tinggi.
FINITE ELEMENT MODELING OF LAPAN-A5/CHIBASAT DEPLOYABLE SOLAR PANEL COMPOSITE PLATE
Authors: Triharjanto, M.Sc Robertus Heru , Budiantoro Poki Agung
Published: November 2019

LAPAN-A5/ChibaSat, that will carry synthetic aperture radar payload, requires a lot more power generation capacity, compared to its predecessor. Therefore, its solar panel will be deployed in orbit to ensure maximum sun exposure. Since the deployable system requires solar panel plate that lightweight and strong, honeycomb composite material is selected. The selection of such material requires special treatment in the satellite structural stiffness calculation. The objective of the research is to find simple stiffness model of the plate, so that later it can be integrated with the total satellite structural model and used by launch authority in its total vehicle modal analysis. The modeling used finite element software, and the simplified honeycomb model is validated using standar plate stiffnes problem. After model validation, the boundary condition as in the LAPAN-A5/ChibaSat deployable system is imposed. The result shows that the stiffness of the deployable solar panel plate has met the launch requirement of PSLV’s auxiliary payload. Therefore, the design mode can be used in the development of LAPAN-A5/ChibaSat.
REVIEW VISUALISASI SCHLIEREN PADA TEROWONGAN ANGIN SUPERSONIK
Authors: Hamonangan Jefri Abner
Published: November 2019

Terowongan angin merupakan sebuah fasilitas yang mensimulasikan aliran udara dengan berbagai variasi kecepatan pada sebuah benda. Peneliti dan perekayasa menggunakan terowngan angin untuk mengamati dan mengevaluasi perilaku sebuah benda pada kecepatan udara tertentu. Terdapat 2 metode dalam proses pengamatan perilaku benda pada pengujian terowongan angin, yaitu dengan menggunakan balance dan visualisasi dengan menggunakan schlieren.
IN-ORBIT IMPLEMENTATION OF ERROR PATCHING METHODS FOR LAPAN-A3/IPB OBDH FIRMWARE SYSTEM
Authors: Taufik Muhammad , Hasbi Wahyudi , Karim Abdul
Published: November 2019

ABSTRACTOBDH (On-board data handling) is a satellite subsystem that receives, processes, decides and executes commands from and to satellites. OBDH is built on two systems namely hardware and software integrated system (firmware system). In terms of hardware, OBDH uses a processor with 32bit RISC architecture, 128/256 Kbyte internal memory and a firmware system that is built using primitive programming. This programming uses the super loop architecture program and interrupt to manage the system to function properly. Problems occur when an error occurs in one of the functions in the interrupt routine resulting in failure of interpretation of commands or data from satellite sensors. This paper describes the implementation of the error patching methods on the LAPAN-A3/IPB Satellite OBDH firmware system in order to keep the system working well. Initial verification through testing on the ground have been successfully performed using engineering model of OBDH and hardware in the loop simulators (HWIL) module. Based on the test results, implementation on satellite has also been successfully done.ABSTRAKOBDH (On-board data handling) merupakan salah satu subsistem satelit yang berfungsi menerima, mengolah, mengambil keputusan dan mengeksekusi perintah dari dan ke satelit. OBDH dibangun berdasarkan dua buah sistem yaitu sistem perangkat keras dan perangkat lunak yang terintegrasi (sistem firmware). Dari sisi perangkat keras, OBDH menggunakan prosesor dengan arsitektur 32bit RISC, 128/256 Kbyte memori internal, dan sistem firmware yang dibangun menggunakan pemrograman primitif. Pemrograman ini menggunakan arsitektur program super loop dan interrupt untuk mengelola sistem agar dapat berfungsi dengan baik. Permasalahan terjadi ketika terjadi kesalahan pada salah satu fungsi pada rutin interrupt sehingga mengakibatkan kegagalan interpretasi perintah atau data dari sensor satelit. Paper ini menjelaskan mengenai implementasi metode penambalan kesalahan pada sistem firmware OBDH satelit LAPAN-A3/IPB yang bertujuan untuk menjaga agar sistem tetap bekerja dengan baik. Verifikasi awal melalui pengujian telah berhasil dilakukan mengunakan engineering model OBDH dan modul hardware in the loop simulators (HWIL). Berdasarkan hasil pengujian, implementasi pada satelit juga telah sukses dilakukan.
THE INFLUENCE OF THE ANGLE OF ATTACK ALPHA ON THE PRESSURE RECOVERY AT AERODYNAMICS INTERFACE PLANE INVESTIGATION
Authors: Subagyo Subagyo
Published: November 2019

In the process of design, anaircraft to know the performance and stability requires testing in a wind tunnel.Similarly, the selection of engines for aircraft design embedded on conducted tests in a wind tunnel model air intake with some variation of the angle of attack.This paper examines the effect ofthe high angle of attack alpha testing aircraft air intake with a position of beta 0° on the subsonic regime with wind speeds of 65 ms-1.  Combat aircraft flying with an unexpected manoeuvre to avoidenemy attack nor did defence against missiles.Often the aircraft must fly to the position of a very high angle of attack.The theoretical value of the Pressure Recovery is approaching one in order to make the machine pinned can work optimally.Experimental observations of Pressure Recovery plotted against the variation of the angle of attack alpha.The observations show the performance design of aircraft engine inlet on the angle of attack alpha large can still give adequate pressure recovery.
Pengaruh Lamanya Penyimpanan Serum pada Suhu 20-80 0c Selama Satu Minggu terhadap Kadar Kolesterol Total
Authors: Kamila Laila , Slamet Slamet
Published: November 2019

Abstract: Laboratory examinations are essential to establish diseases diagnosis so the results should be accurate. Therefore, it is necessary to control the pre-analytic, analytic and post-analytic. Cholesterol examination is one of the ways to establish the diagnosis of DM, Heart and hypertension. This study was aimed to determine the effect of duration of serum storage at a temperature of 2°-8°C for a week with total cholesterol levels. Samples were checked daily for a week. The samples of this study were the 2nd and 3rd grade of Health Analyst’s students who lived in the male dormitory where total samples were 5 samples. The study was conducted from March to June 2013. Each sample was checked for total serum cholesterol levels which stored at a temperature of 2°-8°C for a week. This examination used CHOD-PAP method. From the results of data analysis with Friedman Test method, it was determined that total cholesterol levels in serum which stored at temperature 2°-8°C for a week obtained Chi-Square value = 28.827 and p = 0.000 where showed that there was effect of duration of serum storage at temperature 2°-8°C for a week with total cholesterol level.Abstrak: Pemeriksaan laboratorium sangat penting untuk menegakkan diagnosa penyakit sehingga hasil harus akurat. Oleh karena itu, perlu dilakukan pengendalian terhadap pra-analitik, analitik dan pasca analitik. Pemeriksaan kolesterol merupakan salah satu upaya untuk menegakkan diagnosa penyakit DM, Jantung, dan hipertensi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh lamanya penyimpanan serum pada suhu 2°- 8°C selama 1 minggu terhadap kadar kolesterol total. Sampel diperiksa setiap hari selama 1 minggu. Sampel penelitian ini adalah mahasiswa tingkat 2 dan 3 Analis Kesehatan yang tinggal di asrama putra dengan jumlah sampel sebanyak 5 sampel. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan pada bulan Maret-Juni 2013. Masing-masing sampel diperiksa kadar kolesterol total pada serum yang disimpan pada suhu 2°- 8°C selama 1 minggu. Pemeriksaan ini menggunakan metode CHOD-PAP. Dari hasil analisis data dengan metode Friedman Test, diketahui bahwa kadar kolesterol total pada serum yang disimpan pada suhu 2°- 8°C selama 1 minggu didapatkan besaran nilai Chi Square = 28,827 dan p = 0.000. Hasil uji signifkansi Chi Square metode Friedman test menunjukkan bahwa p < 0.05 sehingga dapat disimpulkan bahwa terdapat pengaruh lamanya penyimpanan pada serum yang disimpan pada suhu 2°- 8°C selama 1 minggu terhadap kadar kolesterol total.
Pengaruh Ekstrak Bunga Cengkeh (Syzygium Aromaticum) terhadap Zona Hambat Jamur Tricophyton Rubrum
Authors: Nurhayati Etiek , Kuswiyanto Kuswiyanto , Pilo Karta
Published: November 2019

Abstract: Clove ﬂower (Syzygium aromaticum) is one type of traditional medicine. The active substance in clove ﬂower is used as antimicrobial and cure skin diseases caused by Trichophyton rubrum fungus such as Tinea capitis, Tinea barbae and Tinea corporis. This study was aimed to determine the effect of various concentrations of clove ﬂower extract (Syzygium aromaticum) with Trichophyton rubrum inhibition zone by the diffusion method. The method of this research was quasi-experimental. Sampling technique by purposive sampling. The sample used was n-hexane extract of clove ﬂower obtained from maceration process made in 9 concentrations and dilution was done by using dimethyl sulfoxide 15%. Each consisted of clove ﬂower extract with concentrations of 10%, 20%, 30%, 40%, 50%, 60%, 70%, 80% and 90%. The inﬂuence test using disc method or diffusion method then analyzed with Linear Regression Test. Based on the result of research from 9 concentrations, it can be seen that the widest obstacle zone was 11 mm at 10% concentration whereas the widest zone of resistance was 40 mm at 90% concentration. Statistical analysis showed the results (p = 0,000 <a 0.005) so it can be concluded there was the effect of various concentrations of clove ﬂower extract (Syzygium aromaticum) to Trichophyton rubrum inhibition zone by the diffusion methodAbstrak: Bunga cengkeh (Syzygium aromaticum) merupakan salah satu jenis obat tradisional. Zat aktif dalam bunga cengkeh digunakan sebagai antimikroba dan menyembuhkan penyakit kulit yang disebabkan oleh jamur Trichophyton rubrum seperti Tinea kapitis, Tinea barbae dan Tinea korporis. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui pengaruh berbagai konsentrasi ekstrak bunga cengkeh (Syzygium aromaticum) terhadap zona hambat jamur Trichophyton rubrum dengan metode difusi. Metode penelitian ini adalah eksperimental semu. Teknik pengambilan sampel dengan cara purposive sampling. Sampel yang digunakan adalah ekstrak n-heksana bunga cengkeh diperoleh dari proses maserasi yang dibuat dalam 9 konsentrasi dan dilakukan pengenceran menggunakan dimetil sulfoksida 15%. Masing-masing terdiri atas ekstrak bunga cengkeh dengan konsentrasi 10%, 20%, 30%, 40%, 50%, 60%, 70%, 80% dan 90% . Uji pengaruh menggunakan metode cakram atau metode difusi kemudian dianalisis menggunakan uji Regresi Linier. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian dari 9 konsentrasi dapat diketahui bahwa luas zona hambatan yang terendah yaitu 11 mm pada konsentrasi 10% sedangkan luas zona hambatan yang tertinggi yaitu 40 mm pada konsentrasi 90%. Analisis statistik menunjukkan hasil (p = 0,000 < a 0,005) sehingga dapat disimpulkan terdapat pengaruh berbagai konsentrasi ekstrak bunga cengkeh (Syzygium aromaticum) terhadap zona hambat jamur Trichophyton rubrum dengan metode difusi.
Pengaruh Latihan Fisik Lari Jarak Pendek terhadap Masa Pendarahan (Bleeding Time) Metode IVY
Authors: Tumpuk Sri , Wahdaniah Wahdaniah
Published: November 2019

Abstract: Running is very important to maintain and improve the physical quality of human resources. By doing physical exercise can reduce the risk factor for the occurrence of interference with the mechanism of hemostasis. One of the examination filters to see the abnormalities in the process of hemostasis is bleeding time. The purpose of this study was to determine the bleeding time before and after physical exercise (sprint), to determine the effect of physical exercise (sprint) to the bleeding time before and after physical exercise (sprint) done for 5 minutes. The research design used was Cross-Sectional and the sampling technique used was total population. The sample in this study were all students D-III 2nd grade of Medical Laboratory class of 2015 which amounted to 55 people. Examination of this bleeding time using Ivy method. Furthermore, the data were analyzed by simple linear regression test. Based on the results of the study, the average number before exercises was ±118 seconds (117.82 seconds), and after physical exercise (sprint) was ±161 seconds (160.91 seconds) with the difference between them was 43 seconds (43.09 seconds). Statistically obtained p = 0,000 (p <0,05) or there was significant inﬂuence between physical exercise (sprint) to bleeding time.Abstrak: Latihan lari sangat penting untuk menjaga dan meningkatkan kualitas fsik sumber daya manusia. Dengan melakukan latihan fsik dapat menurunkan faktor risiko terjadinya gangguan pada mekanisme homeostasis. Salah satu pemeriksaan penyaring untuk melihat kelainan pada proses homeostasis adalah masa perdarahan. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui masa perdarahan sebelum dan sesudah latihan fsik lari jarak pendek, mengetahui pengaruh latihan fsik lari terhadap masa perdarahan sebelum dan sesudah mthe elakukan latihan fsik lari selama 5 menit. Desain penelitian yang digunakan adalah Cross sectional dan teknik sampling yang digunakan adalah total populasi. Sampel pada penelitian ini adalah seluruh mahasiswa/I D-III tingkat 2 Analis Kesehatan angkatan tahun 2015 yang berjumlah 55 orang. Pemeriksaan masa perdarahan ini menggunakan metode Ivy. Selanjutnya data dianalisis dengan uji regresi linier sederhana. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian didapatkan jumlah rata-rata sebelum melakukan latihan ± 118 detik (117,82 detik), dan setelah melakukan latihan fsik lari adalah ± 161 detik (160,91 detik) dengan selisih diantara keduanya sebesar 43 detik (43,09 detik). Secara statistik diperoleh nilai p=0,000 (p < 0,05) atau ada pengaruh yang signifkan antara latihan fsik lari terhadap masa perdarahan
Perbedaan Perasan dan Rebusan Buah Pare (Momordica Charantia L) dalam Menghambat Pertumbuhan Jamur Candida Albicans
Authors: Putria Oktema Leona , Supriyanto Supriyanto , Sutriswanto Sutriswanto
Published: November 2019

Abstract:  Pare plants have social value and wide use in public health service, such as traditional medicine to cure some kind of disease including skin disease type. Pare has an antifungal effect because it contains saponins, triterpenoids, and alkaloids. Candida albicans is a species that causes Candidiasis disease. The purpose of this research is to know the difference of juice and stew o pare (Momordica charantia L) in inhibiting the growth of Candida albicans. This research method is a quasi experiment. The samples of pare came from the Parit Haji Husein II Gang Karya IX. The samples in this research were 25 samples of juice consisting of 5 replications and 25 samples of stew consisting of 5 replications with each concentration of 60%, 70%, 80%, 90%, and 100%. The method used is the diffusion of the disc. Data analysis using Kruskal-Wallis Test. The result of Kruskal-Wallis test shows that there is a signifcant difference between the juice and stew of the pare inhibiting the growth of Candida albicans where the juice has p value (0,009)<0,05 and the p value (0,000)<(0,05). Positive control using ﬂuconazole with 20 mm inhibit zone. It can be concluded there is a signifcant difference between juice and stew of pare (Momordica charantia L) in inhibiting the growth of Candida albicans.Abstrak:  Tanaman pare mempunyai nilai sosial dan kegunaan yang luas dalam pelayanan kesehatan masyarakat, diantaranya sebagai bahan obat tradisional untuk menyembuhkan beberapa jenis penyakit termasuk jenis peyakit kulit. Buah pare memiliki efek antifungi karena mengandung saponin, triterpenoid, dan alkaloid. Candida albicans adalah spesies yang menyebabkan penyakit Kandidiasis. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui perbedaan perasan dan rebusan buah pare (Momordica charantia L) dalam menghambat pertumbuhan jamur Candida albicans. Metode penelitian ini adalah eksperimen semu. Sampel buah pare berasal dari Parit Haji Husein 2 Gang Karya IX. Sampel dalam penelitian ini berjumlah 25 sampel perasan yang terdiri dari 5 replikasi dan 25 sampel rebusan yang terdiri 5 replikasi dengan masing-masing konsentrasi 60%, 70%, 80%, 90% dan 100%. Metode yang digunakan adalah difusi cakram. Analisa data menggunakan Kruskal-Wallis Test. Hasil uji Kruskal-Wallis menunjukkan terdapat perbedaan yang signifkan antara perasan dan rebusan buah pare dalam menghambat pertumbuhan jamur Candida albicans dimana perasan memiliki nilai p value (0,009) < 0,05 dan rebusan nilai p value (0,000) < ɑ (0,05). Kontrol positif menggunakan ﬂuconazole dengan luas zona hambat sebesar 20 mm. Dapat disimpulkan terdapat perbedaan yang signifkan antara perasan dan rebusan buah pare (Momordica charantia L) dalam menghambat pertumbuhan jamur Candida albicans.
The Influence Of Behavior Violence Clients On Stress Of Nurses In The Psychiatric Emergency Mentah Health Hospital Province West Kalimantan Year 2017
Authors: Augustine Augustine , Zaini Sarliana , FSR Winnellia
Published: November 2019

Background: Violent behavior is the act of injuring another person, themselves, destroyed property (environment) and verbal threats. Violent behavior and observation of potential suicide clients are the most frequent causes of stress on psychiatric nurses, besides the lack of management support is also a source of stress for psychiatric nurses. In the West Java Provincial Hospital the conditions often experienced are: the number of clients being treated is not comparable to the number of nurses available, often clients do verbal aggressive behavior or acts of violence with fellow clients, nurses who experience physical violence, destruction of hospital facilities by clients, often the client leaves the hospital without the nurse's permission and the nurse's unpreparedness if placed in a psychiatric emergency room. This can create stress for soul nurses in handling clients with aggressive behavior.  Aims: The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of client violence behavior on the stress level of nurses in the RDP room of West Kalimantan Prov. Hospital.  Method: The type of this research is observational analytic with design cross-sectional, sampling with a total sampling amounting to 24 respondents, the measurement tool for this research is the observation sheet of POPAS (Perceptions of Prevalence of Aggression Scalebehavior), while for stress nurses use the PNOSS questionnaire (Psychiatric Nursing Occupational Stress Scale). The bivariate analysis used is the Spearman Rank correlation test with a confidence level of 95% or α = 0.05. Results: The results of this study indicate that there is an influence/relationship of client violence behavior to nurse stress, with a value of ρ 0.03 <0.05 where nurses who experience mild stress as much as one respondent (4.2%), moderate stress as much as 21 respondents (87.5%) and high stress of two respondents (8.3%). Violent behavior found was medium category 95.8% and heavy category 4.2%.
Atomic absorption determination of mercury in urine by cold steam method using mercury- hydride prefix
Authors: Moiseeva E. V. , Potapova I. A.
Published: November 2019

Mercury is one of the most common in various industries and at the same time dangerous chemicals. It is able to be deposited in the body and have a toxic effect for a long time after the cessation of contact. Under the influence of mercury, workers can develop various intoxications, as a result of which pathological changes in the nervous, cardiovascular, endocrine, immune and reproductive systems are possible.

Under production conditions, mercury enters the body, usually in the form of vapors (absorbed about 80%) and suspended particles. Inorganic forms of mercury are excreted mainly in the urine (60%). However, insufficient attention is currently being paid to the problem of determining the mercury content in urine samples. To date, in world practice there is no systematic approach to the determination of small doses of mercury in the body, as a result of which it is difficult to timely identify public health disorders. This is largely due to the lack of highly sensitive and highly effective methods of analysis, allowing routine measurements with minimal cost and high accuracy. The methods currently used are either quite expensive or have low accuracy/sensitivity.

The aim of the study was to develop a method of atomic absorption determination of mercury in urine by cold steam, which would allow at minimal cost to increase the accuracy and sensitivity of mercury detection in the body.

Materials and methods. Quantitative measurement of mercury in urine samples was carried out on an atomic absorption spectrometer with a mercury-hydride prefix using model solutions of different concentrations.

Results. The study determined the optimal conditions for sample preparation of urine samples, set the range of concentrations for the construction of the calibration schedule, studied the effect of the matrix on the accuracy of the analysis by the “introduced-found” method. The lower limit of detection of the developed technique was 0.05 mcg/l, the upper limit–100 mcg/l (if necessary, it can be increased by additional dilution). The relative error of determination depending on the concentration varied from 3 to 15%.

Conclusions. A highly sensitive, affordable and relatively inexpensive method for the determination of mercury in urine has been developed, which will allow to diagnose with high accuracy the background contents of mercury in urine, which is especially important when inspecting workers of industries associated with the use of mercury and its compounds, as well as the population living in areas close to these industries.
Large-scale vegetation mapping for the purposes of creating new specially protected natural areas in Saint-Petersburg
Authors: Volkova E. A. , Khramtsov V. N.
Published: November 2019

Rather large forests, typical of the southern taiga subzone are preserved within the boundaries of St. Petersburg. They include a wide variety of plant communities with some rare species. This article is devoted to the area located in the southern part of the city and designed as a nature reserve. A large-scale map of actual vegetation of the projected reserve was composed; it shows the diversity of plant communities and their distribution. The map legend consists of 75 main units; and the usage of supplementary symbols helps to map 122 units. Areal analysis of all types of plant communities is carried out on the basis of the vegetation map. Typical and the most valuable vegetation objects were identified.
Geobotanical map of the Pinega State Nature Reserve
Authors: Popov S. Yu.
Published: November 2019

The Pinega State Nature Reserve is located in the European part of Russia, Arkhangelsk Region, in northern taiga subzone. The geobotanical studies were carried out on the territory of the reserve in 2007–2014. The classification of plant communities and the geobotanical map of the reserve were made. Ecologic-phytocoenotic classification (the Russian “dominant-determinant” approach) was conducted based on 618 relevés. The relevés were grouping into classes of associations on the basis of dominant bioecological groups, and within the classes of associations - into groups of associations by the prevailing ecologic-coenotic groups of plants. Associations were distinguished on the basis of phytocoenotic significance of species (species with the highest occurrence and abundance) within the groups of associations. The significance of syntaxa was verified by the method of discriminant analysis. 35 groups of associations and 71 associations were revealed in total. The geobotanical map was compiled using Landsat 8 satellite images for 2013 and 2014. 26 indices reflecting the productivity, saturation of the vegetation moisture and soil properties were calculated for each Landsat image. The morphometric characteristics of the relief were used as well. The obtained spatial database was classified by the method of step-by-step discriminant analysis (SDA) with using training sample. The training sample was created on the basis of field descriptions and forestry data. The verification of the map is based on the significance of the discriminant axes and the quality table for discriminant analysis. The article presents the principle stages of mapping using SDA. The vegetation map shows the different vegetation types over the territory of the Reserve.
On the four associations of the order Carici macrourae— Crepidetalia sibiricae Ermakov et al. 1999 in the Bashkortostan Republic
Authors: Filinov A. A. , Yamalov S. M. , Solomeshch A. I.
Published: November 2019

The four new tall-herb forest meadow associations are described in the Bashkortostan Republic. They refer to the class Molinio-Arrhenatheretea R. Tx. 1937 em. R. Tx. 1970, ord. Carici macrourae—Crepidetalia sibi­ri­cae Ermakov et al. 1999, all. Polygonion kraschenin­nikovii Kashapov 1985, and the two suballiances, Poly­gono bistortae—Trifolienion montani Mukhamediarova 1988 and Polygonienion krascheninnikovii. The commu­nities of these associations are typical of their richness in species, including such rare and endangered ones like Allium obliquum, Stipa pennata, Lathyrus litvinovii etc., the fact which makes for their significant value for nature protection purposes.
The steppe-meadows of the order Galietalia veri Mirkin et Naumova 1986 in the South Urals
Authors: Yamalov S. M. , Filinov A. A. , Solomeshch A. I.
Published: November 2019

The five new steppe-meadow associations are des­cribed in the South Urals. They refer to the class Molinio-Arrhenatheretea R. Tx. 1937 em. R. Tx. 1970, ord. Galietalia veri Mirkin et Naumova 1986, all. Trifolion montani Naumova 1986, and the suball. Trifolienion montani Mirkin et Naumova 1986. The communities of these associations are typical of their richness in species, including such rare and endangered ones as Dianthus acicularis, Stipa korshinskyi, Stipa sareptana, Stipa zalesski, Stipa pennata, Stipa da­syphylla, Tulipa biebersteiniana etc., the fact which makes for their significant value for nature protection purposes.
Vegetation of saline soils of the Northern Lower Zavolzhye (Ulyanovsk and Samara Regions)
Authors: Lysenko T. M. , Rakov N. S.
Published: November 2019

The vegetation of saline soils of the Northern Lower Zavolzhje is characterized within the boundaries of the Ulyanovsk and Samara regions. 7 associations, 6 sub­associations, 2 variants and one community are distinguished: Cirsio esculenti—Festucetum arundinaceae ass. nov. hoc loco, Puccinellietum tenuissimae Karpov et Mirkin 1985, P. t. typicum Karpov et Mirkin 1985, Puccinellio tenuissimae—Artemisietum santonicae Lysenko 2009, P. t.—A. s. typicum Lysenko 2009, Puccinellio tenuissimae—Camphorosmetum songoricae Lysenko et al. in Lysenko 2009, Kochio laniflorae—Puccinellietum distantis ass. nov. hoc loco, K. l.—P. d. var. typica var. nov. hoc loco, K. l.—P. d. v. Artemisia santonica var. nov. hoc loco, Artemisio austriacae—Festucetum valesiacae Karpov, Lysenko, Golub nom. invers. propos. et ass. nov. hoc loco, Puccinellia distans—community. Validation of the following earlier inefficiently published phytosociological units such as Leontodonto autumnalis—Cichorietum intybus ass. nov. hoc loco, L. a.—C. i. typicum subass. nov. hoc loco, L. a.—C. i. tripolietosum subass. nov. hoc loco, L. a.—C. i. bromopsietosum subass. nov. hoc loco, L. a.—C. i. amorietosum subass. nov. hoc loco is made.
Holographic geometry and equation the Schwinger-Tomonaga
Authors: Kuyukov Vitaly
Published: November 2019

Gravity as the curvature relative world wave function
Seeing Parochially and Acting Locally
Authors: Dutta Sunasir
Published: November 2019

Why some communities have greater rates of social entrepreneurship in similar domains is a question of importance to scholars and practitioners alike. Much of the literature in social entrepreneurship begins with a social problem that has been identified, and then analyzes the antecedents of the entrepreneurial process that lead to organizational solutions emerging for those problems. However, why some problems gain traction as being worthy of time and effort in solving, has garnered little attention. I argue that particular problems are more or less salient triggers of action by prospective social entrepreneurs based on the distribution of such problems in the local social environment, rather than aggregate levels of need. Yet, even problems widely experienced as shared, salient, and generally worthy of action might lack the emergence of solutions in fragmented communities, such as those with high levels of residential segregation by race and income. We study this in the context of founding of advocacy and support organizations in the domain of healthcare, and find support for our predictions. We also conducted additional tests to better characterize the findings and test robustness to alternative sources of influence, such as the local pool of potential social entrepreneurs, the role of local ecology, and geographic spillovers from neighboring areas.
PENYELIDIKAN STRUKTUR BATUAN MENGGUNAKAN METODA GEOLISTRIK TAHANAN JENIS KONFIGURASI WENNER INVERSI ROBUST CONSTRAINT DI JORONG KOTO BARU NAGARI AIE DINGIN KABUPATEN SOLOK
Authors: Akmam Akmam , mulyani Sri , Akmam Akmam , Amir; Harman
Published: November 2019

Rock structure in Jorong Koto Baru has not been known and analyzed. Furthermore, it is significant to conduct a research which was purposed to find the structure of rock in Jorong Koto Baru, Nagari Aie Dingin, Kabupaten Solok. The measurement used Resistivity Geoelectrical method with Wenner Configuration. The data were analyzed and interpreted by using Robust Constrain Inversion in software Res2dinv to obtain 2D model. This research indicated that there are five types of rocks which had formed in Jorong Koto Baru, Nagari Aie Dingin, Kabupaten Solok. They are Sands, Clay, Sandstone, Limestone, and Granite. Sandstone, Limestone and Clay dominate rock structure in Jorong Koto Baru.
PENGERTIAN PENDIDIKAN SUPERVISI DISEKOLAH
Authors: Leonaldi
Published: November 2019

Supervisi digunakan untuk pembinaan yang di berikan kepada seluruh staf sekolah termasuk guru , kepala sekolah dan sebagainya dalam maksud perbaikan agar mereka dapat meningkatkan kemampuan untuk mengembangkan situasi atau proses pembelajaran yang baik. Jadi yang menjadi sasaran supervisi tersebut adalah guru. Tujuan supervisi tersebut tidak lain untukmengembangkan dan meningkatkan proses belajar mengajar agar menjadi lebih baik . sehingga tujuan pendidikan indonesia bisa tercapai dengan maksimal.
PELAKSANAAN PENDIDIKAN DAN PELATIHAN (DIKLAT) DALAM RANGKA PENINGKATAN KINERJA PERSONIL YANG BERANEKARAGAM
Authors: Ningsih Puja
Published: November 2019

Research and surveys have been conducted to find out data and information on the implementation of education and training (DIKLAT) in order to improve the performance of diverse personnel. Basically the implementation of education and training is intended to increase the mastery of the skills and knowledge of personnel in an effort to improve personnel performance. Measuring the performance of diverse personnel is important in overall management, in order to know each personnel's performance and find the best alternative for all deficiencies, because each personnel hasdifferent abilities and personalities.Performance measurements carried out on an ongoing basis provide feedback which is important in continuous improvement efforts in achieving success in the future.
Understanding The Study of Religions in Middle-East Through Arabic Linguistics: Allāh in Qur’an and Gospels
Authors: Yahya Yuangga Kurnia
Published: November 2019

AbstractThis research aimed to understanding the concept of divinity in Arabic culture through lexemes mean God which are used in al-Qur’an dan Arabic Gospel. Lexeme is the smallest unit of meaning that formed word. From lexem, words, phrases, clauses, and discourses are formed according Arabic’s concept of divinity. This research applied semantic approach, especially which talks about form and meaning, Brown-Yule’ s text and co-text, and Sapir-Whorf Hypothesa in relation between culture and language. The result of this research indicates that lexeme Allāh that means God has been known by Arabic people before the birth of Islam and Christian. This lexeme means the name of the highest God in Arabic’s polytheism and estimated that it used since Fifth century BC. Arabic Christians used this lexeme as the translation of “God” and referred to `The Only One God` 500 years before Muhammad’s birth. The lexemes mean God in al-Qur’an are Allāh, Rabb, Ilāh, Dhamīr (Anā, Anta, Huwa, and Nahnu), and the names of Allah (shifātu’l Lāh wa asmāu’l Lāh). As for the lexemes mean God in Arabic Gospels are Allāh, Rabb, Ilāh, Āb `father`, Yasū’ `Jesus`, a`r-Rūh al-Quds `Holy Spirit`, al-Ibn `Son`, as-Sayyid `Lord`, al-Mu’allim `Master`, al-Malik `King`, and Dhamīr (Anā, Anta, and Huwa). The lexeme Allāh, Rabb, and Ilāh are the similar lexemes found in both Holy Books, but these lexemes have some difference in word category, sintaxis function, and semantic role. Furthermore, another lexemes used in same purpose, that is presenting a more complete pictures and more familiar about their God.
INDONESIA’S EFFORTS TO ACHIEVE GLOBALLY COMPETITIVE HUMAN RESOURCES
Authors: evelynn
Published: November 2019

Pada tahun 2019, Indonesia sudah memasuki era industri 4.0 dimana organisasi-organisasi dan perusahaan-perusahaan sedang sibuk untuk mempersiapkan diri untuk memasuki dan bersaing di era globalisasi. Persaingan bisnis pun semakin ketat terutama dalam hal pengembangan sumber daya manusia. Banyak perusahaan- perusahaan global yang menjadikan pengembangan sumber daya manusia sebagai strategi untuk menghadapi persaingan global agar tidak tenggelam dengan perubahan zaman dan juga tidak kalah bersaing dengan perusahaan lain. Persaingan bisnis yang semakin ketat karena kemajuan teknologi yang cepat, pergeseran pola demografis, meningkatnya dorongan untuk berinovasi, dan perubahan ekonomi ke basis ilmu pengetahuan mengakibatkan banyak para pengusaha yang khawatir dan tertekan. Oleh karena itu, banyak pemimpin perusahaan yang berfikir keras cara agar dapat bisa bersaing dengan perusahaan lain. Beberapa hal yang disebutkan diatas menunjukkan bahwa perusahaan-perusahaan dituntut untuk memiliki komitmen yang tinggi dalam mempersiapkan dan membangun sumber daya manusia serta mempertahankan karyawan terbaik yang berbakat, unggul dan memiliki jiwa bersaing dalam berbagai program serta memiliki jiwa yang kompetitif dan juga kebijakan strategis yang didukung oleh budaya kerja agar dapat mencerminkan visi misi dari perusahaan tersebut sehingga bisa diwujudkan. Perusahaan juga bisa siap untuk bersaing di era ini tidak luput dan didukung dari kesiapan seorang pengusaha tersebut untuk membangun bisnisnya.
Review Jurnal "Pentingnya Inovasi dan Kreatifitas Era Teknologi Digital"
Authors: Dewana Jihan
Published: November 2019

Masuknya era digital 4.0 membuat Indonesia harus segera mengimbangi hal tersebut. Apalagi Indonesia didukung oleh banyaknya sutikan dana dari investor asing. Era digital 4.0 juga menawarkan efektivitas dan praktisnya dalam mengakses segala hal, yang cocok dengan karakter anak millennial. Akankah perusahaan mampu melihat peluang era digital 4.0 untuk membantu perekonomian Indonesia atau setidaknya menarik minat millennial untuk explore bisnis mereka.