bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Quelques sources psychologiques allemandes du formalisme russe : le cas des théories de la conscience
Authors: Romand David , Tchougounnikov Sergueï
Published: May 2022

On se propose ici d’analyser l’héritage de la psychologie allemande du 19e siècle dans le formalisme russe. Au moyen d’une étude comparative, on s’attache à montrer qu’un certain nombre de notions formalistes apparaît en fait comme une reprise plus ou moins explicite de concepts développés auparavant par les psychologues allemands. Plus précisément, cette étude porte sur deux aspects importants de la doctrine formaliste : la notion d’«évolution littéraire» et celle de «zone claire/zone sombre de la conscience». On montre que ces deux notions formalistes recèlent une forte charge «psychologique », et qu’elles trouvent leur origine dans les débats, propres à la psychologie allemande, relatifs à la clarté des phénomènes conscients. Ce travail s’inscrit dans la continuité de travaux historiques récents qui cherchent à réévaluer la place de la tradition psychologique dans la constitution de la pensée formaliste russe.
Dimensionless parameters and numbers controlling PFAS transport in unsaturated porous media
Authors: Jiao Wentao , Li Xiaoxing , Zhan Mingxiu , Wu Rui , Shan Yongping , Zhang Chenchen , Yin Yongguang , Giesy John
Published: May 2022

Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) is the emerging contaminants of critical concern. Comprehensive understanding of the transport and fate of PFAS in the vadose-zone, a type of water-unsaturated porous media, is key to determination of the risks of the PFAS contamination in the subsurface and to the development of the effective remediation strategies. PFAS transport in the unsaturated porous media is a complex process. In order to disclose the main factors controlling the PFAS transport in unsaturated porous media, we develop the theoretical model based on the dimensionless governing equations for the transient water flow and PFAS transport. The effects of the dimensionless parameters and numbers on the PFAS transport in 2D unsaturated porous media are uncovered based on the second order accurate finite volume method. We find that the retardation numbers and the dimensionless parameters relevant to the properties of porous media as well as the relation between the surface tension and the PFAS concentration play an important role in the PFAS transport in the unsaturated porous media. The effects of the Péclet numbe, Damköhler numbers, and fraction of instantaneous sorption are not significant, however. These findings provide a better understanding of the PFAS transport in vadose zone.
Electronic Structure, Vibrational Spectra and Probing of Spin-states of Tetra-coordinated Iron(II) Porphyrins
Authors: Mukhopadhyaya Aritra , Sharma Munish , Oppeneer Peter M. , Ali Md. Ehesan
Published: May 2022

The nearly degenerate spin multiplets of the iron(II) porphyrins have endowed these biomacromolecules with potential for use in various applications such as, molecular spintronics, single molecule devices, and sensor technology. Achieving a definitive understanding of the spin crossover in these complexes is a challenging area to explore. In this work, we aim to provide a theoretical perspective of the magneto-structural correlations and their resulting spectroscopic signatures for a series of tetra-coordinated, square-planar iron(II) porphyrin and phthalocyanine derivatives. We systematically investigate the spin-state energies, vibrational, and pre-edge X-ray spectra of these complexes in three possible spin states (viz. low spin (S = 0), intermediate spin (S = 1) and high spin (S = 2)). Our calculations show that the triplet or intermediate spin state is the ground spin state for all the complexes. We also observe that the small structural difference in the dFe−N between the intermediate- and high-spin sate in these complexes can be captured using nuclear resonance vibrational spectra (NRVS). Furthermore, our results identify the position of the X-ray absorption (XAS) peaks as a signature of the underlying spin state.
Thermally activated and aggregation-regulated excitonic coupling enable emissive high-lying triplet excitons
Authors: Wang Tao , De Joydip , Wu Sen , Kumar Gupta Abhishek , Zysman-Colman Eli
Published: May 2022

Room temperature phosphorescence (RTP) originating from higher-lying triplet excitons remains a rather rarely documented occurrence for purely organic molecular systems. Here, we report two naphthalene-based RTP luminophores whose phosphorescence emission is enabled by radiative decay of high-lying triplet excitons. In contrast, upon cooling the dominant phosphorescence originates from the lowest-lying triplet excited state, which is manifested by a red-shifted emission. Photophysical and theoretical studies reveal that the unusual RTP results from thermally activated excitonic coupling between different conformations of the compounds. Aggregation-regulated excitonic coupling is observed when increasing the doping concentration of the emitters in poly(methylmethacrylate) (PMMA). Further, the RTP quantum efficiency improves more than 80-fold in 1,3-bis(N-carbazolyl)benzene (mCP) compared to that in PMMA. This design principle offers important insight into triplet excited state dynamics and has been exploited in afterglow-indicating temperature sensing.
Tailoring CsPbBr3 Growth Via Non-Polar Solvent Choice and Heating Method
Authors: Zamani Hediyeh , Chiang Tsung-Hsing , Klotz Kaylie R. , Hsu Annie J. , Maye Mathew M.
Published: May 2022

This study describes an investigation of the role of non-polar solvents on the growth of cesium lead halide (CsPbX3 X = Br, I) nanoplatelets. We employed two solvents, benzyl ether (BE), and 1-octadecene (ODE), as well as two nucleation and growth mechanisms, one-pot, facilitated by microwave irradiation (MWI) based heating, and hot-injection, using conventional heating. Using BE and MWI, large mesoscale CsPbBr3 nanoplatelets were produced, whereas use of ODE produced thin small crystallites. Differences between the products were observed by optical spectroscopies, which showed first band edge absorptions consistent with thicknesses of ~ 9 nm (~15 monolayer (ML)) for the BE-CsPbBr3, and ~5 nm (~9 ML) for ODE-CsPbBr3. Both products had orthorhombic crystal structure, with the BE-CsPbBr3 revealing significant preferred orientation diffraction signals consistent with the asymmetric and two-dimensional (2D) platelet morphology. The differences in final morphology were also observed for products formed via hot-injection, with BE-CsPbBr3 showing thinner square platelets with thicknesses of ~2 ML, and ODE-CsPbBr3 showing similar morphologies and small crystallite sizes. To understand the role solvent plays in crystal growth, we studied lead plumbate precursor (PbBrn2-n) formation in both solvents, as well as solvent plus ligand solutions. The findings suggest that BE dissolves PbBr2 salts to a higher degree than ODE, and that this BE to precursor affinity persists during growth.
Ring-Opening Metathesis Polymerization of Pyridinonorbornenes Synthesized from 2,3-Pyridynes
Authors: Hancock Sarah N. , Yuntawattana Nattawut , Valdez Sara M. , Michaudel Quentin
Published: May 2022

Pyridine-containing polymers are promising materials for a variety of applications from the capture of contaminants to the self-assembly of block copolymers. However, the coordinative ability and the innate basicity of the pyridine motif drastically limit the scope of pyridine-based monomers that can undergo living polymerization. For example, processes relying on transition metal catalysts are rarely amenable to controlled polymerizations because of coordination of the pyridine nitrogen to the metal center. Herein, we report the expedient synthesis of a family of pyridinonorbornene monomers via a [4+2] cycloaddition between 2,3-pyridynes and cyclopentadiene. Careful structural design of the monomer allowed the preparation of polypyridinonorbornenes via ring-opening metathesis polymerization (ROMP) with living characteristics. These unusual macromolecules exhibited high Tg and Td. Investigation of the polymerization kinetics and of the reactivity of the chain ends shed light on the influence of monomer coordination on the chain-growth mechanism.
The Occurrence of Fifth and Additional Molars
Authors:   Institute for Globally Distributed Open Research and Education. Beringen 3583, Belgium, Stans Jelle
Published: May 2022

The purpose of the study was to summarize the current knowledge available of fifth and additional molars, including their epidemiology, demographics of subjects and management strategies. Additionally, directions for further research are formulated. Materials and methods. The Medline database (through PubMed) and Web of Science Core Collection were searched using the following keywords: “Supernumerary molar*”, “Additional molar*”, “Fifth molar”, “Five molar*”, “Sixth molar*”, “Six molar*”, “Seventh molar” and “Seven molar*”. Additionally, the search engine Google was used using the same keywords. Moreover, the references of the literature identified using the previous methods were searched for other eligible publications. Publications were included if they described at least one fifth or additional molar in a human subject; reported on anatomical, epidemiological, demographic or clinical aspects or the full text could be sourced. Results and discussion. Fifth and additional molars have been sporadically described in literature, which is summarized in the current review. The age at detection of supernumerary molars ranged from 12 to 33 years (average: 21.8 years). When molars are present beyond a fourth, it usually only concerns fifth molars. Only one case of sixth and seventh molars was identified. Like fourth molars, they occur usually in the maxilla and unilaterally. Most of the reports did not mention any specific symptoms regarding these supernumerary molars. They were usually managed by removal or not at all. Six case reports reporting on fifth and additional supernumerary molars were included. An additional case series was identified that included three cases of a patient with fifth molars. Only two of the identified publications were published after 2010, while two were published before 1980. No prospective studies studying the entities were identified. It is clear that the body of evidence about supernumerary molars beyond a fourth is very limited in size. Additionally, the available literature is lacking both in internal and external validity. Conclusion. The body of evidence about fifth and additional molars is very sparce, with only a few case reports having been published. It is however clear that these entities are very rare and share several characteristics with fourth molars. Importantly, it seems that they are often asymptomatic and do not always require dedicated treatment. Further research is needed to better understand the epidemiology of these entities
Ribs in the Sacrococcygeal Region
Authors:   Institute for Globally Distributed Open Research and Education. Beringen 3583, Belgium, Stans Jelle , Pas Anoeshka , Davids Ellen
Published: May 2022

Supernumerary ribs are congenital anomalies that can occur in all areas of the vertebral column. Sacrococcygeal ribs, arising from the most caudal part of the vertebral column, are the rarest type of supernumerary ribs. They were described as early as 1960, with new reports being published every few years. Brief literature overviews were sometimes included with case reports. However, until now, no comprehensive reviews with reported search strategies have been published. The purpose of the study was to present a comprehensive review on the subject. A proposal for a clear definition of these entities is made. Where relevant, comparisons with other types of supernumerary ribs are made. An overview of supernumerary ribs in other mammals is presented. Materials and methods. A search of the Medline and Web of Science Core Collection databases was performed with several relevant keywords. The Google search engine was utilized to identify relevant literature. The references of the publications identified with the former methods were also searched. The publications were sorted according to whether they fit the definition of sacrococcygeal ribs put forward above or were called sacrococcygeal ribs but did not fit the definition. To avoid missing any relevant literature, all literature mentioning sacrococcygeal ribs regardless of the definition used were included. Additionally, literature about pelvic digits that would fit the definition was also included. Papers were excluded if they could not be sourced or did not mention sacrococcygeal ribs (any definition) or pelvic digits fitting the definition. Results and discussion. Sacrococcygeal ribs seems to occur equally often in men and women, since both accounted for half of the twelve cases identified that fit the definition. On average, they are diagnosed at 29.91 years of age, but this varied widely (from 3 to 64). This variation is to be expected, since the entities are usually discovered by accident and are present since birth. Although they are very rare, no further information about risk factors was identified. Most of the patients in the case reports did not suffer from symptoms relating to their sacrococcygeal ribs. However, some authors mention that the ribs might pose obstetrical problems during childbirth. This can be expected to be dependent on the exact size and anatomical location of the rib in question and may vary between patients. Due to the lack of symptoms that are associated with sacrococcygeal ribs, an underdetection could however be present. Therefore, further research is needed to more specifically assess the prevalence. This limited body of evidence makes it difficult to make sound conclusions about the epidemiology of these entities. Conclusion. Based on the current body of evidence, it is difficult to make sound conclusions about the condition. It is however very clear that the anomaly is very rare and that complications are relatively rare
The Role of Genes and Skin Microbiome in the Development of Seborrheic Dermatitis
Authors:   Vysochanska V. V., Koval G. M., Vysochanska V. V. , Koval G. M.
Published: May 2022

The purpose of the study was to identify specific links between genotypic and phenotypic changes in the body that can lead to inflammatory skin diseases and dysbiosis. Materials and methods. Medline / PubMed, Embase, Web of Science databases were searched and research studies related to inflammatory skin diseases: immunity, genetics, epigenetics, epidermal barrier, skin microbiome, etc. were analyzed. The results of microbiome studies based on cultivation methods were excluded from the study. Results and discussion. Inflammatory skin diseases often lead to physical or psychological disorders, but the cause of these diseases is still unclear. Pathogenesis of inflammatory skin diseases includes heredity, environmental impact, immunity changes, epidermal barrier dysfunction, mental disorders, infections, and more. A better understanding of the role of microbiome, genetic abnormalities and phenotypic changes may help to predict the occurrence of seborrheic dermatitis in humans. The human microbiome is directly involved in the formation of host immunity. In particular, skin residents maintain the stability of the skin barrier, regulate inflammation and the immune response. Mutualistic symbioses provide homeostasis of the human-host relationship and the microbiome. However, under the influence of the external environment, genetic and physiological changes, the balance of the microbial community and man is disturbed, which can negatively regulate the condition of the host and cause disease. Most symbiotic skin microbiota coexists peacefully with the host and become pathogenic only under certain conditions. The transition from symbiosis to pathogenicity is a complex process, because the skin is well resistant to aggressive factors. Potential attackers must induce gene expression to enable adhesion, invasion, and avoidance of the immune response. The skin microbiome induces inflammation and skin healing. Also it may change its qualitative and quantitative composition to adapt to existing inflammatory conditions. Conclusion. Microorganisms grown under conditions of homeostasis perfectly interact with the human-host in a healthy symbiotic relationship. Under conditions of impaired immune system response, abnormal gene expression or dysfunction of the skin barrier microbiome residents use a variety of defense mechanisms to survive, that plays an important role in the pathogenesis of inflammatory skin diseases. Understanding the species composition of the microbiome, its dynamic changes and effects on human skin makes it possible to predict the possible occurrence of seborrheic dermatitis, control inflammation and prevent exacerbations
Dynamics of Cardiohemodynamic Indicators in Patients with Acute Myocardial Infarction with Concomitant Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus during 6 Months of Follow-up
Authors:   Kharkiv National Medical University, Internal Medicine №2, Clinical Immunology and Allergology named after academician L.T. Malaya Department. 4, Nauky Ave., Kharkiv 61001, Ukraine, Feldman D. A.
Published: May 2022

The purpose of the study was to monitor the dynamics of cardiohemodynamics in patients with acute myocardial infarction in combination with type 2 diabetes mellitus during 6 months of follow-up. Materials and methods. The study involved 120 patients: group 1 – patients with acute myocardial infarction with type 2 diabetes mellitus (n = 70), group 2 – patients with acute myocardial infarction (n = 50). The control group included 20 healthy individuals. All patients underwent general instrumental and clinical examinations. In the course of echocardiographic (echocardiography) study, the parameters of the left ventricle were determined and calculated: end diastolic volume, end systolic volume, end diastolic size, end systolic size, posterior thickness, the thickness of the interventricular septum, the ejection fraction of the left ventricle, the size of the left atrium, the size of the aorta, stroke volume. Results and discussion. The average indicators of cardiohemodynamics on the first day of hospitalization were as follows: end diastolic volume in patients of the 1st group was 165.85±36.22 ml; of the 2nd – 133.44±27.19 ml; control – 54.54±21.48 ml; end systolic volume – 104.57±28.86 ml; 77.93±21.56 ml; 21.69±7.49 ml, respectively; end diastolic size – 5.74±0.6 ml; 5.22±0.49 ml; 3.55±0.58 ml, respectively; end systolic size – 4.66±0.62 ml; 4.11±0.52 ml; 2.41±0.32 ml, respectively; the ejection fraction of the left ventricle – 37.51±6.27%; 42.9±7.45%; 56.75±7.22%, respectively; posterior thickness – 1.37±0.13 cm; 1.32±0.13 cm; 1.07±0.08 cm, respectively; the thickness of the interventricular septum – 1.26±0.11 cm; 1.27±0.11 cm; 1.13±0.08 cm, respectively; the size of the left atrium – 4.07±0.31 cm; 3.75±0.46 cm; 3.19±0.15 cm, respectively; the size of the aorta – 3.39±0.27 cm; 3.3±0.22 cm; 2.97±0.16 cm, respectively; stroke volume – 60.27±13.3 cm3; 2nd – 57.01±10.72 cm3; 28.39±12.38 cm3, respectively. Six months after acute myocardial infarction, a positive trend in cardiohemodynamic parameters was observed, maintaining a tendency for worse indicators in the presence of acute myocardial infarction. Conclusion. Thus, impaired carbohydrate metabolism in the form of insulin resistance, hyperinsulinemia and stress hyperglycemia on the background of coronary events in type 2 diabetes mellitus leads to negative changes in geometry, mass, systolic and diastolic function of the left ventricle, which must be paid special attention to hemodynamic predictors of cardiovascular complications and heart failure
The Use of Mnemonic Techniques in Teaching Human Anatomy
Authors:   Bukovinian State Medical University, Human Anatomy Department. 1a, Aksenyna Str., Chernivtsi 58001, Ukraine, Khmara T. V. , Khmara A. B.
Published: May 2022

The development of a methodology for the effective assimilation of various information is one of the urgent problems of scientific and pedagogical activity. The course of anatomy, due to its specificity, is one of the most time-consuming subjects in medical education. In the preparation of first-year students at the Department of Human Anatomy, a phased level of education is used with a gradual complication of the information received. The use of mnemonics is impossible without certain knowledge about the features of memory, its forms and types, as well as the processes underlying memory: encoding, storage, and retrieval. There are very few mnemonics available for studying human anatomy in the medical literature. The purpose of the study was to offer mnemonics, especially rhymed, to improve students' memorization of human anatomy and thus to improve the knowledge of the subject. Results and discussion. The article presents the results of the study of mnemonics (rhymed, alliteration and visual schemes) and explains the features of their use for encoding, storage, and retrieval of educational material from different sections of human anatomy by students. Basic principles of mnemonics, such as the use of associations, elaborative encoding and creating the emotional bonds can be successfully integrated into the study of anatomy. One of the most effective methods in teaching human anatomy is schematization, that is a conditionally simplified image of the structure of morphological formations. While preparing for lectures and practical classes, anatomical drawings and diagrams are selected and adapted. The scheme allows to imagine and to understand the anatomical structures in various projections and different sections, to trace the topographic and functional connections of individual organs and systems as a whole. Thus students form a certain anatomical image as the basis for future clinical thinking. It is noted that memorizing the right terms, words, concepts, and explanation of some anatomical facts is much easier in the poetic form. Conclusion. By transforming anatomy teaching material into the form of visual image or by comparing it with existing knowledge using associations and rhyming provides more consistency, involvement in obtaining new knowledge, interest in classes. Association formation has a positive effect on the brain, helps to improve student's skills of synthesis, analysis and the ability to systematize knowledge, helps to memorize large amounts of information faster and more efficiently. The use of mnemonics, especially the method of rhyming, visual mnemonics, acronyms for human anatomy makes it possible to improve the quality of knowledge of the subject
“SOFT POWER” IN SULTANATE OF OMAN’S FOREIGN POLICY
Authors:   Russian State University for the Humanities, Melkumian Elena S. ,   Institute of Oriental Studies of RAS
Published: May 2022

The article considers the foreign policy of Oman and its instru- ments of “soft power”, which that country is using for successful realization of its national goals in the international relations. The author is analyzing special characteristics of Oman’s foreign policy, paying attention to the fact that the country in its foreign activity primary bases on “soft power” avoiding as pos- sible the use of “hard power”. The history of the country was the cause such a choice and determined peaceful character of its foreign policy. The state is trying to conserve the friendly relations with its traditional foreign partners, refusing to participate in military operations against them or economic or dip- lomatic pressure on them. The author gives a lot of cases, which confirming that special feature of the foreign policy of the Sultanate. The author is also considers so widely used resource of “soft power” of Oman as mediation. By mediating in resolving disputes or in helping to or- ganize the negotiations between conflicting sides the Sultanate is trying to achieve regional stability.
THE ROLE OF L.F. ILYICHEV’S LETTER IN THE ORGANIZATION OF FOREIGN POLICY PROPAGANDA ON THE EVE OF THE U.S. EXHIBITION IN MOSCOW IN 1959
Authors:   Lomonosov Moscow State University, Krasnoshchekov Nikita A.
Published: May 2022

The article considers one of the key documents on the prepara - tion of Soviet foreign policy propaganda for covering the American National Exhibition in Moscow in 1959 – a letter from the Head of the Department of Agitation and Propaganda of the Central Committee of the CPSU for the Union Republics, L.F. Ilyichev, sent to the Central Committee of the CPSU. The author introduces the previously unpublished full text of the archive docu- ment from the fund No. 5 of the Russian State Archive of Modern History, as well as later handwritten corrections with relevant comments and observa- tions. The paper analyzes the goals and objectives of the document and also provides an overview of the degree of current studying the issue of covering the American Exhibition in Moscow in domestic and foreign historiography at the present stage. In this research, the author comes to the conclusion that the Department of Agitation and Propaganda played one of the main roles in the organization of the exhibition coverage. The article traces the mechanism of implementation of the decisions taken in the field of propaganda and interac - tion with the Soviet media on the example of this document. The author points out an intermediary role of Agitprop in this mechanism: all the decisions, agreed with the Central Committee of the CPSU are assigned in the form of tasks to central newspapers, the TASS news agency, radio and television. The main goal pursued by Agitprop was to minimize the propaganda effect in the media field from the American Exhibition in Sokolniki and to attempt weaken - ing the interest of Soviet citizens in the event itself. The author also emphasizes the importance of corrections made to the document after typewriting, which meant reducing the sharp tone of the paper. In addition, the article remarks the role of a handwritten note on the organization of the Exhibition, made in the end of the document, as a form of reporting to the higher management for the events held at that time.
MEMORY POLICY IN SLOVAKIA AT THE PRESENT HISTORICAL STAGE
Authors:   Russian State University for the Humanities, Medushevskii Nikolai A.
Published: May 2022

Slovakia is a young European state, the whole history of which is associated with the search and formation of its own identity. Having gained in- dependence only in 1993, Slovakia pays great attention to the preservation and enhancement of the historical heritage, which it has to share with the Czech Republic, as well as other states of the region. The greatest attention in the system of national historical policy is given to the period of the 20 th century, when, on the one hand, the foundations for the autonomous existence of the Slovak people were laid, but on the other, the Slovak people themselves had to confront the challenges of the totalitarian policy of nazism and communism. Therefore, the memory policy is being implemented at the state level, aimed, among other things, at the rehabilitation of persons who have suffered from totalitarianism. Despite the unambiguity of state policy, the situation in Slovak society is less certain, which is largely due to modern issues and challenges to which the state with its patriotic policy cannot give an unambiguous answer. Such correlation of state policy and public interests determines the relevance of the memory policy study in Slovakia. Within the framework of this article, the study proceeds through three main channels. First, it analyzes the political context and legislation that shapes the understanding of historical responsibil- ity. Secondly, it analyzes the social climate and public opinion about the events of the past. Thirdly, there is an analysis of the educational aspect through which the perception of the past by the young generation should actually be formed. All the three channels are investigated through the author’s turning to the legislation of Slovakia, as well as modern scientific and statistical reports published by Slovak researchers, which increases the novelty of the study.
THE REFLECTION OF THE POLISH-SOVIET WAR IN THE CONTEXT OF THE FORMATION OF POLISH STATEHOOD IN THE WORKS OF YULIAN MARCHLEWSKI AND JÓZEF PIŁSUDSKI
Authors:   The Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration, Novikova Elizaveta I.
Published: May 2022

The report considers two approaches in the interpretation of the events of the Soviet-Polish war of 1919–1921. These are the approaches of Pol- ish historians and public figures Józef Piłsudski and Julian Marchlewski. Their view of the war is particularly important and interesting because they were active participants of the events of the war and represented various positions of the new independent Poland. On the basis of comparative analysis of the biographies of Piłsudski and Marchlewski, their works and methodological approaches in understanding the historical process, the author traces the interconnection of those approaches with socio-political events, contemporaries of which were Polish researchers. The difficult situation in Poland, that was divided and lost its indepen- dence in the 18 th century, gave no peace to the Polish people. Regardless the origin, position in society and political views, many Poles sought independence and the revival of their state. On the world map, the independent state of Po- land appeared in 1918, however, its emergence coincided with a difficult period, saturated with socio-political events. Heavy consequences of the First World War, a series of revolutions – all this had a huge impact on the mindset of Poles. They sought for new landmarks and new meanings, which sometimes contradicted each other, leading to misunderstandings, civil strife and aggres- sive foreign policy.
Research trends in Petroleum Engineering Field of Study in 2016–2021 by The Lens data
Authors: Chigarev B.N.
Published: May 2022

This article discusses the major trends in Petroleum Engineering research in 2016–2021 based on a bibliometric analysis of metadata of articles indexed by The Lens platform. A comparative analysis of trends in the topics related to Petroleum Engineering is conducted. Major institutes, countries, and funding foundations involved in petroleum engineering research are identified. The leading role of Chinese institutes and foundations in undertaking this research is shown. Links are established between research areas in Petroleum Engineering, Geology and Ecology. Examples of highly cited articles reflecting the main features of publication trends in the field of Petroleum Engineering are given. A cluster analysis of 24,673 titles of articles on the subject of Petroleum Engineering is done, and the names of publications that most reflect the subject matter of each of the 10 identified clusters are presented. A growing interest in the topic of natural gas hydrates over the past four years is noted.
On Global Climate Change Awareness And Review Of Carbon Footprint Reset Practices In Companies
Authors: AVCI Ayla
Published: May 2022

Son yıllarda şirketlerin stratejilerini değiştiren üç önemli faktör ortaya çıkmıştır. Bunlar; teknolojik ürünlerin gelişimiyle ortaya çıkan dijitalleşme ve fosil yakıtların tüketimin artması sonucu oluşan iklimsel değişim, karbon ayak
izi sıfırlama konuları ve bu sorunların getirdiklerine çevrilmiştir. Artan hava kirliği, su kıtlığı ve orman yangınlarındaki artışların doğanın dengesini bozması çevresel alarmın kırılma noktası olmuştur. Doğal felaketlerin artması
ülkelerin ekolojik ve ekonomik yapılarında kayıplara neden olmaktadır. Olumsuz doğa olaylarının artması nedeniyle temel kaynakların azalması söz konusu olmaktadır. Küresel iklim değişikliğinin fark edilmesi hükümetlerinde ek önlemler
almasını gerekli kılmıştır. Küresel iklim değişimi ekonomik anlamda şirketlerin mali yüklerini de arttırmıştır. Sadece hükümetlerin değil şirketlerinde faaliyetlerini tekrar gözden geçirerek üretim sistemlerini iklimsel değişime
uyum sağlayacak şekilde planlaması zorunlu hale gelmiştir. Şirketlerin imalat süreçlerinde geri dönüşümlü ürün üretimine özen göstermesi, yenilebilir enerji yakıtı kullanması gibi iklimsel zararı azaltacak uygulamaları faaliyete
geçirmeleri gerekmektedir. Şirketlerin çevresel iyileştirme konusunda sorumluluk almaları önem taşımaktadır. Bu nedenle şirket yöneticilerin tüm çalışanlarıyla yeni fikirler geliştirmesi konu ile ilgili diğer kurumlarla iş birliği
sağlayarak yeni stratejiler geliştirmesi şirket sürdürülebilirliği açısından yarar sağlayacaktır. Bu araştırmada özellikle şirketlerin karbon ayak izi sıfırlama konusundaki önlemleri ve çalışmaları irdelenerek iklimsel değişimin
olumsuz etkilerini azaltma konusunda çözüm önerileri çerçevesinde değerlendirilmiştir
The Effect Of Teaching Sound Subjects Through Virtual Laboratory On Students' Success
Authors: ÖZDEN Seher , BOZKURT Ersin
Published: May 2022

Bu çalışmanın amacı Fen Bilimleri eğitimi ile ilgili olarak hazırlanan simülasyonlar ve animasyonlar ile bir sanal laboratuvar oluşturarak, bu sanal laboratuvar ile yapılacak öğretimin, geleneksel laboratuvar yöntemine ve 5E yöntemine
göre öğrenci başarısına etkisinin ne derece olduğunu araştırmaktır. Bu amaçla, Konya ili Kulu ilçesi Yavuz Selim İlköğretim Okulunda 21 öğrenci, Cumhuriyet İlköğretim Okulunda 60 öğrenciden oluşan deney ve kontrol grupları bu araştırmada
rol almıştır. Sekizinci sınıf “Ses ” ünitesinin kazanımları kontrol gruplarına geleneksel laboratuvar yöntemiyle (L) ve 5E öğretim modeli (G) ile deney grubuna (S) ise bilgisayar ortamında animasyon ve simülasyon kullanılarak kazandırılmıştır.
Araştırmada ön ve son test deseni kullanılmıştır. Uygulama öncesinde ve sonrasında öğrencilere bir başarı testi uygulanmıştır. Testlerden elde edilen veriler SPSS 15:00 programı kullanılarak analiz edilmiştir. Grupları karşılaştırmak
için Anova, “t” testi ve bar analizleri yapılmıştır. Uygulama sonrasında grupların başarı testinden elde edilen verilerin analizlerinden, S grubunun G grubuna ve L grubuna göre daha başarılı olduğu görülmüştür.
Distribution of pBS72-like conjugative plasmids among natural bacteria of the genus Bacillus
Authors: Hurynovich A. S. , Satsunkevich N. E. , Titok M. A.
Published: May 2022

As a result of the research pBS72-like replicons were detected with a frequency of 27 % in soil samples isolated from various natural sources on the territory of Belarus, which contained bacteria B. subtilis (were detected in 22 samples out of 36 studied). It was established that pBS72-like conjugative plasmids are present in the cells of natural bacteria B. subtilis circulating in Pakistan, China, and the Netherlands, and are also found in bacteria B. rugosus isolated in India. The homology of proteins responsible for replication (Rep-proteins) and conjugation (VirB4, VirB6, VirB11, VirD4, Mob proteins) was 99–100 %. Similar replicons (Rep proteins are 62 % identical) capable of being transmitted by conjugation (key conjugation proteins are 60–80 % identical) were found in the bacteria Bacillus sp., B. licheniformis, B. paralicheniformis and B. subtilis, allocated in the USA, Australia, China and South Korea.
Selecting pre-tensioning of rubber reinforced track on agricultural tractor with cushion suspension
Authors: Zhdanovich C. I. , Plishch V. N.
Published: May 2022

Rubber reinforced tracks and cushion suspension are becoming increasingly common on agricultural tractors. They increase environmental friendliness, provide asphalt driving ability and allow for higher transport speed of crawler tractors, improving working conditions for the tractor driver. The crawler tracks of these thrusters have a high degree of suppleness, so a loss of stability of the rubber reinforced track on the drive wheel can be a problem when operating under high traction loads. The most effective measure to increase the stability of the rim in the mover is to increase the pre-static tension. However, high track tension increases losses in the undercarriage and stresses the undercarriage, resulting in reduced undercarriage life and loss of performance. Analytical dependencies are derived to determine the rational pre-static tension of rubber reinforced crawler tractors with cushion and blocked suspensions during start of moving and moving modes. The required static pre-tensioning of rubber reinforced tracks for Belarus 1802, 2102 and 2103 tractors is determined. It has been found that the greatest necessary static pre-tensioning of the rubber reinforced tracks is required at the maximum forces on the driving wheels of the tractor. It is shown that locking the suspension when operating the tractor with high traction loads at low speed allows to reduce the required static pre-tensioning of rubber reinforced tracks and, as a consequence, their loading. The results of this research can be used in design and operation of tractors with rubber reinforced tracks.
Screening and Analysis of Methanolic Leaf Extract of Psorospermum febrifugum (SPACH)
Authors: Matthew Elaigwu , Oluma Hyacinth Ocheigwu Apeh , Tor-Anyiin Terrumun Amom
Published: May 2022

Phytochemical components have been reported for various plants but very little information on Psorospermum febrifugum (SPACH). The presence of biocidal activity makes the spach of potential interest for the control of micro-organisms. Methanolic extract of the leaves of spach shows the various constituents (alkaloids, flavonoids, terpenoids, tannins, phenols, and steroids). Further investigation revealed phytoconstituents of methanolic leaf extract using gas chromatography-spectrophotometric techniques (GC-MS). Result of GC-MS analysis revealed the presence of eight (8) botanical pesticides with valuable biological activities. The GC-MS results revealed that eight (8) biocidal activities were present in spach namely: 1, 2, 3, 4-tetrachloronaphtalene, Permetrin-a, permetrin-b, cyfluthrin-b, cypermethrin-a, cypermethrin-c, and flumethrin-b. The result clearly shows that Psorospermum febrifugum hold phytocomponents species of botanical interest that could still be exploited.
Analisis Rentabilitas Modal Usaha Untuk Meningkatkan Sisa Hasil Usaha (Shu ) Pada Koperasi Kasih Saumlaki Kabupaten Maluku Tenggara Barat
Authors: Bwarlely Jonas
Published: May 2022

Koperasi sebagai lembaga ekonomi harus menerapkan asas-asas bisnis dan manajemen yang baik dalam pengelolaannya guna mampu bersaing. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah Untuk mengetahui bagaimana rentabilitas ekonomi dan rentabilitas modal sendiri serta bagaimana kebijakan koperasi kasih saumlakikecamatan tanimbat selatan kabupaten maluku tenggara barat dalam meningkatkan rentabilitas. Metode analisis data dalam penelitian ini adalah menggunakan analisis deskriptif kuantitatif yaitu menjelaskan secara rinci mengenai keadaan koperasi kasih yang diteliti berdasarkan data – data dan informasi yang diperoleh kemudian dihubungkan dengan teori-teori yang relevan kemudian ditarik sebuah kesimpulan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Tingkat rentabilitas ekonomi pada Koperasi kasih adalah ratarata sebesar 20% setiap tahunnya, Sedangkan Tingkat rentabilitas modal sendiri pada koperasi kasih selama tiga tahun dari tahun 2014 sampai dengan tahun 2015 adalah sebesar 22,14%, serta koperas ikasih telah mampu mengelolah modal kerjanya dengan stabil atau efesien . 1
Optimalisasi Google Site sebagai Media Pembelajaran Berbasis Website padaPembelajaran Jarak Jauh
Authors: Zainal Muh
Published: May 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengembangkan media pembelajaran berbasis aplikasi wiki terstruktur dengantools Google Site yang valid, praktis, dan efektif digunakan dalam pelaksanaan pendidikan dan pelatihanjarak jauh. Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian dan pengembangan menggunakan model Dick dan Careyyang terdiri dari tahap analisis kebutuhan, desain produk, validasi, dan evaluasi. Pengumpulan data dilakukanmelalui penilaian menggunakan indikator WebQual yang terdiri dari useability, informatin dan serviceinteraction melalui uji coba pada subjek yaitu Pakar Media, Widyaiswara dan Peserta Diklat. Data dianalisisuntuk menentukan kualitas website menggunakan teknik analisis data deskriptif kuantitatif dan kualitatif.Hasil evaluasi untuk menentukan usability, information and service interaction dari media berbasis SiteGoogle, oleh para ahli menunjukkan bahwa aplikasi yang dikembangkan memenuhi kriteria yang sangatpraktis pada aspek usability dengan skor 3,6, sedangkan hasil penilaian information menunjukkan bahwaaplikasi valid dalam memberikan informasi dengan skor 3,4, serta hasil penilaian keefektifan dari aspekservice interaction menunjukkan bahwa aplikasi efektif dengan nilai 3.3. Berdasarkan analisis data,menunjukkan bahwa media pembelajaran berbasis aplikasi Google Site, valid, praktis, dan efektif untukdigunakan sebagai media pembelajaran pada pendidikan dan pelatihan jarak jauh
A single nucleotide variant on chromosome 16 residing within ITGAM distinguishes patients with luminal A breast cancer.
Authors: Mamoor Shahan
Published: May 2022

Molecular subtypes including the most common subtype luminal A drive patient outcomes in human breast cancer but the biological basis for this is not completely understood (1-4). We mined published microarray data (5, 6) to discover in an unbiased fashion the most distinguishing genetic and transcriptional features of tumors of each breast cancer molecular subtype. We identified a single nucleotide polymorphism, rs7201448, residing within ITGAM, as among the most significant genetic differences in the tumors of patients with luminal A breast cancer. In a separate cohort of patients with luminal A subtype breast cancer, we observed transcriptome-wide differential expression of a ITGAM transcript. Analysis of patient survival data revealed that ITGAM primary tumor expression was correlated with overall survival in patients with basal-like breast cancer. Sequence variation in the ITGAM gene may be important in understanding differences in genetic background that favor development of luminal A subtype human breast cancer.
O przeszkodach do zawarcia małżeństwa w międzywojennej Polsce na przykładzie prawa węgierskiego obowiązującego na Spiszu i Orawie
Authors: Stawarska-Rippel Anna
Published: May 2022

Ścieranie się koncepcji dotyczących charakteru małżeństwa miało szczególny wymiar na ziemiach polskich podczas zaborów i po odzyskaniu niepodległości (1918). Różnorodność obowiązujących ówcześnie praw (niemiecki BGB z 1896, węgierski Akt nr XXXI o małżeństwie z 1894, rosyjski ukaz o małżeństwie z 1863, I część tomu X i częściowo I część t. XI Zwodu Praw Cesarstwa Rosyjskiego z 1832 r., austriacki ABGB z 1811) stanowiła wyzwanie dla międzywojennych kodyfikatorów i prawników praktyków. Przesłanki ważności małżeństwa w prawie cywilnym w XIX w. i w pierwszej połowie XX w. miały jeszcze często mieszany charakter – częściowo wywodziły się z zasad religijnych (np. przeszkoda różności wiary, święceń kapłańskich), a częściowo ze świeckich zasad prawa rzymskiego (przeszkoda wieku, pokrewieństwa, powinowactwa, przysposobienia, bigamii oraz wad oświadczenia woli). Na tym tle węgierską ustawę o małżeństwie należy ocenić jako nowoczesną.
Sądownictwo administracyjne w województwie śląskim w latach 1922-1939
Authors: Naworski Zbigniew
Published: May 2022

Artykuł składa się z trzech części. Pierwsza stanowiąca krótki wstęp przedstawia drogę do powstania województwa śląskiego w II RP, zarówno jego części poaustriackiej jak i popruskiej. Część druga charakteryzuje przejęcie wymiaru sprawiedliwość w b. dzielnicy pruskiej, co prawda nie dotyczyło to bezpośrednio Górnego Śląska, ale rozwiązania zastosowane w Wielkopolsce i Pomorzu zostały przeniesione w swoim zasadniczym zrębie na Górny Śląsk;   krótko został też przedstawiony system sądownictwa administracyjnego obowiązujący na tym terenie przed odzyskaniem niepodległości. Część trzecia – zasadnicza – omawia budowę sądownictwa administracyjnego w województwie śląskim. Poza sądownictwem ogólnoadministracyjnym porzedstawiona została też problematyka administracyjnego postępowania spornego w sprawach górniczych. Całość kończy kilka uwag na temat języka urzędowego w postępowaniu przed śląskimi sądami administracyjnymi.
Sprawa nadania tytułu profesora nadzwyczajnego Michałowi Staszkowowi Ocena Kazimierza Kolańczyka
Authors: Nancka Grzegorz
Published: May 2022

Niniejszy tekst ma na celu zwrócenie uwagi na nieanalizowaną dotąd szerzej kwestię oceny dorobku naukowego Michała Staszkowa, dokonanej przez poznańskiego badacza prawa rzymskiego – Kazimierza Kolańczyka. Sporządzona ocena, związana z podętymi przez M. Staszkowa staraniami o uzyskanie profesury nadzwyczajnej, dotąd wcześniej nieanalizowana i niepublikowana, stanowi interesujące źródło informacji na temat naukowego postrzegania katowickiego uczonego.
EL DERECHO DEL CONSUMIDOR Y SUS EFECTOS EN EL DERECHO CIVIL FRENTE A LA CONTRATACION DE CONSUMO EN EL MERCADO
Authors: Durand Carrión Julio Baltazar
Published: May 2022

El fenómeno de la producción industrial, la anonimización y despersonalización de los proveedores, la masificación de los consumidores y la proliferación de los contratos por adhesión, han dado lugar a la “Contratación de Consumo” y al crecer el comercio, obviamente las normas clásicas del Derecho Privado incorporadas en los códigos civiles de base romanista el Código Civil e influencia napoleónica , sin duda resultan ya insuficientes para regular las efectos jurídicos derivados de este tipo de contratos, en un mercado como el de hoy lleno de presiones crecientes y extendidas. Por lo tanto, podemos establecer que el Derecho del Consumidor es una disciplina singular, especializada y con cierta autonomía que no se ubica ni en el Derecho Privado, ni en el Derecho Comercial, ni el Derecho Civil, sino que constituiría una disciplina de carácter interdisciplinario y que está fortalecida de nuevos conceptos y que tiene además notas características importantes. En este sentido el Derecho del Consumidor constituye un sistema global de normas, principios, instituciones e instrumentos consagrados por el ordenamiento jurídico a favor del consumidor para garantizar en el mercado una posición de equilibrio con los empresarios proveedores, en una relación de consumo y como destinatario final de los bienes y servicios adquiridos.
SUPUESTO DE INAPLICABILIDAD DEL ARTÍCULO 1762 DEL CÓDIGO CIVIL EN MATERIA DE RESPONSABILIDAD MÉDICA: APUNTES PARA UN NUEVO ENFOQUE DE LA RESPONSABILIDAD CIVIL DE LOS PROFESIONALES.
Authors: Ninamancco Córdova Fort
Published: May 2022

Cuestiones no poco problemáticas se encuentran encerradas en la temática de la responsabilidad civil de los profesionales. Tan es así que la idea misma de responsabilidad profesional, como tipo especial de responsabilidad civil, ha sido cuestionada duramente por un autorizado sector de la doctrina. En este sentido, se afirma sin vacilar que “la responsabilidad profesional no existe”84. No obstante, nadie niega que, para bien o para mal, nuestro Código Civil asume que la responsabilidad profesional merece un tratamiento diferenciado al resto de supuestos de responsabilidad civil. Esto se comprende fácilmente al leer el artículo 1762 de este código, el cual consagra un régimen de responsabilidad diferente para los profesionales.
REQUERIMIENTOS DE CONFIRMACION DE INCAUTACION EN CASO DE INTERVENCIONES EN DELITOS FLAGRANTES
Authors: Garay Mercado Martin Pedro
Published: May 2022

El Código Procesal Penal, introduce nuevas instituciones procesales, como es la confirmatoria de la incautación en los casos de comisión de delitos en situación de flagrancia, la misma que obliga al Ad quo -Fiscal encargado del caso, a solicitar la confirmatoria de la incautación realizada por el personal policial al momento de realizado la intervención policial por flagrancia delictiva; siendo así, el presente tema nos dilucidará sobre la solicitud del Fiscal y procedimiento a tratar de esta institución; y cuál sería las consecuencias si no se solicitó la confirmación de incautación antes de terminado la segunda etapa del proceso común -Investigación Preparatoria.