bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Psicologia e ideologia de gênero
Authors: Maia Gabriela Felten da , Machado Maria Luiza Adoryan
Published: December 2019

Este ensaio promove uma análise sobre “ideologia de gênero” e sua articulação com o debate sobre as atuações psi frente às demandas sociais atuais em relação à diversidade sexual e de gênero. Tomando alguns debates públicos realizados no legislativo e judiciário a respeito da Resolução 01/99 do Conselho Federal de Psicologia (CFP), busca-se refletir sobre uma rede heterogênea de correlação de forças que passa a apresentar argumentos seculares e democráticos no debate sobre a readequação de gênero e sexualidade. Parte-se da perspectiva foucaultiana de estratégias e táticas discursivas que compõem as tecnologias de poder, pensando as transformações no dispositivo da sexualidade, na medida em que o embate passa a acontecer utilizando-se a linguagem jurídico-legal, articulando leis, conhecimentos científicos e cosmologias religiosas na produção de novas formas de atuação política em torno do que se chama “cura gay”.
Exploração de redes associativas no ensino do léxico
Authors: Gil Beatriz Daruj
Published: December 2019

Tendo como base pressupostos de Richards (1976) sobre o que é conhecer uma palavra, constata-se que o estudo do léxico no ensino de línguas envolve um saber pluridimensional do qual fazem parte aspectos gramaticais, semânticos e discursivos da unidade lexical. Diferentemente de uma tradição de ensino do léxico em que se chamava atenção exclusivamente para a equivalência lexical, considerando a unidade lexical portadora de um significado único e absoluto, defende-se, neste trabalho, a exploração de aspectos semânticos do léxico que contribuam para saber empregá-lo, principalmente por meio da exploração de redes associativas, da polissemia e da parassinonímia. Para isso analisa-se um conjunto de atividades sobre léxico proposto por professores da educação básica, participantes de curso de extensão na Universidade de São Paulo.
Imigrantes nas escolas como “neofalantes”
Authors: Condé Valéria Gil , Flores Ana Alicia Manso , Silva Priscila Vasconcelos
Published: December 2019

O seguinte trabalho propõe a aplicação da etiqueta “neofalante” a estudantes escolarizados numa língua que não materna. O conceito de neofalante vai mais além do que ser novo falante já que possibilita a determinação de políticas e enfoques pedagógicos focados na inserção linguística do sujeito, assim como ao seu êxito escolar e social. Partindo da diversidade linguística nas aulas, pretende-se discutir um marco teórico e um caso prático, nomeadamente, o da escola de ensino secundário da localidade de Burela (Galícia, Espanha). A proposta é de que é possível incorporar esta concepção no âmbito do ensino brasileiro, para que a dicotomia norma culta versus oralidade não seja sinônimo de estigmatização social.
Neologia e neonímia em língua portuguesa
Authors: Lino Maria Teresa Rijo da Fonseca
Published: December 2019

Este artigo tem como objeto algumas reflexões sobre os critérios de identificação e delimitação de neologismos de língua corrente, de neónimos (neologismos científicos e técnicos). Os neologismos são simultaneamente uma manifestação da evolução da língua e da evolução do conhecimento que acontecem com um ritmo extremamente rápido. O conceito de “sentimento neológico” revela-se, hoje, fundamental como critério de identificação de neologismos e de neónimos. Destacamos a importância das metodologias da Linguística de Corpora e dos hipertextos no tratamento semiautomático dos corpora para a extração de neologismos. Sublinhamos a importância da criação de Observatórios de Neologia que permitem a observação e a comparação dos fenómenos de neologia da Língua Portuguesa, em vários países.
Troca vocabular
Authors: Ignez Alessandra Ferreira , Ferreira Eliana Roda
Published: December 2019

Distanciando-se de discursos cuja finalidade é sobretudo a informação, o discurso publicitário prioriza o lúdico, o jogo de ideias e palavras, fazendo uso de estratégias que envolvem a linguagem verbal e não verbal. Considera efetivamente a participação do outro, dialogando com diversos textos, discursos, apelando emocionalmente à memória, ao repertório do leitor/ consumidor. O presente trabalho considera, assim, o aspecto linguístico e discursivo das campanhas publicitárias da rede Hortifruti, tendo por objetivo mostrar as trocas vocabulares como recurso expressivo na construção do tom paródico das propagandas. A análise do corpus selecionado é pautada na Estilística Léxica que se ocupa da expressividade das palavras.
As três eras do Atlântico Sul
Authors: Alencastro Luiz Felipe de
Published: December 2019

O texto discute as especificidades históricas do espaço sul-atlântico com base em três períodos a partir da chegada de Pedro Álvares Cabral, em 1500, passando pela abertura do Canal de Suez (1869), até o fim do apartheid na África do Sul (1991-1994), acontecimentos que favorecem a reemergência dos laços sul-sul no Atlântico. Assim, o artigo explora a dimensão cultural das conexões sul-atlânticas, embora se centre, fundamentalmente, na construção do conceito espaço-temporal.
The last one: A new species of Osteocephalus (Anura: Hylidae) from Colombia, with comments on the morphological and behavioral diversity within the genus
Authors: Duellman William E.
Published: December 2019

A new species of Osteocephalus (Anura: Hylidae) from Colombia, with comments on the morphological and behavioral diversity within the genus. A striking, undescribed species of Osteocephalus from the Amazonian slopes of the Andes in Departamento de Putumayo in southern Colombia is a member of the Osteocephalus buckleyi Group. Aside from minor morphological characters, the new species differs from all other members of the group by having a golden yellow iris with a median horizontal black stripe. The diversity in morphological and reproductive behavior reveals various features that are phylogenetically signifcant, but several species remain to be described.
Prevalence and pathology of Lernaea cyprinacea (Crustacea: Lernaeidae) parasitizing tadpoles of Pelophylax bedriagae (Anura: Ranidae) in Antalya, Turkey
Authors: Innal D. , Sozbilen D. , Ozmen O.
Published: December 2019

Prevalence and pathology of Lernaea cyprinacea (Crustacea: Lernaeidae) parasitizing tadpoles of Pelophylax bedriagae (Anura: Ranidae) in Antalya, Turkey. This is a report of the frst record of the occurrence of Lernaea cyprinacea on tadpoles of Pelophylax bedriagae, a frog species native from Karpuzçay Creek, Antalya, Turkey. A total of 20 tadpoles of P. bedriagae were examined and 14 (70%) specimens were infected. A maximum of two parasites per host was found, primarily around the cloaca. In general, slight to moderate hyperemia was noticed around the parasite. Typically, granuloma form in the tissues around the parasite. Histopathological examination revealed that hemorrhages and pathological lesions such as dermal erosions, and a chronic infammatory reaction in skin and muscle were present at the site of parasite attachment.
Delayed escape responses of male Basiliscus plumifrons (Squamata: Corytophanidae) during peak activity
Authors: Lattanzio Matthew S.
Published: December 2019

Delayed escape responses of male Basiliscus plumifrons (Squamata: Corytophanidae) during peak activity. Many animals must balance their time spent active in a habitat against their perceived risk of predation. Factors that may increase that perceived risk, such as a faster predator approach, are therefore expected to cause prey to initiate escape quickly to avoid capture. At the same time, because patterns of daily activity can fuctuate throughout the day, the relative costs and benefts of initiating escape may also differ over time. Here I evaluated the escape responses of adult male emerald basilisk (Basiliscus plumifrons) lizards in two different time periods: morning (when daily activity peaks) and early afternoon (when activity is suppressed). Further, I approached each lizard at either a practiced slow or fast pace. Escape responses were recorded as fight-initiation (distance between observer and lizard prior to escape) and fight (distance travelled during escape) distance. No factor affected fight distance, and approach speed also had no effect on fight initiation distance. In contrast, time period affected fight initiation distance, with males approached in the morning delaying their escape response compared to males approached during the early afternoon. Because morning and early afternoon periods coincide with peak and suppressed periods of activity for basilisks at this study site, respectively, ambushforaging species like B. plumifrons may delay escape when active to avoid prematurely alerting the predator of their presence.
Behavioral adaptations in Ameivula ocellifera (Squamata: Teiidae) in response to thermal environmental changes
Authors: Sales Raul Fernandes Dantas , Freire Eliza Maria Xavier
Published: December 2019

Behavioral adaptations in Ameivula ocellifera (Squamata: Teiidae) in response to thermal environmental changes. Lizards rely on external sources to regulate body temperature, but in many species, it is not known whether lizards are able to change their thermoregulatory behaviors in response to variations in thermal environments. The seasonal thermal ecology of three populations of the Brazilian whiptail lizard, Ameivula ocellifera, in northeastern Brazil (two Caatinga sites and one in the Atlantic Forest) was investigated. The relationships between body temperature and microhabitat temperatures (substrate and air), and between body temperature and thermoregulatory behavior (i.e., time of exposure to sunlight classes and time spent basking) were explored. The average body temperatures of the lizards were 38–39°C; these neither varied seasonally nor among populations. Substrate and air temperatures are lower at the natural Caatinga site, and lizards in there spent less time in the shade and more time exposed to the sun. Microhabitat temperatures vary seasonally in natural Caatinga; they are lower in the rainy season, when lizards spent more time exposed to sun and less time in fltered sun. Lizard body temperatures exceeded microhabitat temperatures in the rainy season in all three populations; however, they did not exceed substrate temperature in the dry season. In each of the populations, lizards with low body temperatures during cloudy conditions spent more time basking. Thus, A. ocellifera adjusts its body temperature behaviorally to compensate for seasonal changes in environmental temperatures, as well as geographic thermal variation throughout its range.
Resultados de um programa de exercício físico combinado na força muscular e capacidade funcional de um indivíduo com síndrome Pós-Poliomielite
Authors: Mota Cristiane Gonçalves , Silva Susana Cristina Oliveira , Teixeira Barbara Vilar , Oliveira Fernanda Melo , Cardoso Cristiane Vieira
Published: December 2019

A Poliomielite Anterior Aguda (PAA) é uma patologia causada por um enterovírus, que predominantemente prejudica os neurônios motores inferiores, o que causa a paralisia muscular flácida e assimétrica, principalmente nos membros inferiores e que, tardiamente causa sintomas neuromusculares e declínio funcional denominados como Síndrome Pós-Poliomielite (SPP). Objetivo: Aplicar um programa de exercícios combinado e verificar os resultados na força muscular e capacidade funcional de um indivíduo idoso, com SPP. Métodos: A amostra foi composta por 1 mulher, idade 66 anos, com SPP, hipertensão arterial sistêmica, dislipidemia, hipotireoidismo. A força muscular foi mensurada por meio do teste de 7 – 10 repetições máximas (RM). A distância percorrida ao pedalar foi realizada por meio do Teste 12 minutos adaptado e o equilíbrio dinâmico foi avaliado por meio do Timed Up & Go Test. Os exercícios foram realizados em 2 séries de 10 repetições, com intensidade de 60% de 1 RM, por 24 semanas. Resultados: Após 24 semanas, a força muscular de MMII apresentou aumento de 333,3% e a força de MMSS 216,5%. O equilíbrio dinâmico melhorou 34,3%. A distância percorrida ao pedalar aumentou 11,8%. Conclusão: Os dados por nós obtidos sugerem que pessoas com SPP, mesmo que idosas, poderão se beneficiar de um programa de exercícios para aumento da força muscular e melhora da capacidade funcional, porém é importante que outros estudos sejam desenvolvidos para verificar esses resultados em um número maior de pessoas.
Associação de força de preensão palmar e osteoporose avaliada por densitometria óssea (DXA) em idosos quilombolas
Authors: Silva Neto Luiz Sinésio , Rezende Fabiane Aparecida Canaan , Nunes Daniella Pires , Maciel Erika Da Silva , Travassos Andreia , Osório Neila Barbosa
Published: December 2019

Objetivo: Verificar a associação de força de preensão palmar e osteoporose em idosos quilombolas. Método: Trata-se de um estudo seccional com 70 participantes (idade 65,58 ± 6.67 anos) de ambos os sexos. A densidade mineral óssea (DMO), massa muscular (MM) e o percentual de gordura foram analisados pela absortometria de raios-x de dupla energia (DXA) e a força de preensão palmar (FPP) por meio do dinamômetro de mão. O ponto de coorte adotado para identificação de osteoporose foi o da Organização Mundial de Saúde (OMS). A identificação do status da sarcopenia foi realizado para caraterização da amostra e para o diagnóstico foi utilizado os critérios propostos pelo European Working Group on Sarcopenia in Older People (EWGSOP). A FPP foi associada positivamente e significativamente com a DMO. Resultados: A osteopenia foi identificada em 42,8% da amostra e a osteoporose em 20%, sem diferença entre as frequências segundo o sexo (p = 0,161). Conclusão: Nos idosos quilombolas a baixa FPP esteve positivamente associada com baixa DMO. Portanto, sugerindo que a FPP pode ser considerada um fator de risco importante de estado ósseo em idosos quilombolas.
O fenol como agente neurolítico no tratamento da espasticidade focal e multifocal
Authors: Carvajal Dayrin Vanessa Tarazona , Silva Natália De Oliveira , Maeda Lucas Soiti , Riberto Marcelo
Published: December 2019

A síndrome piramidal ocorre nas lesões do sistema nervoso central que afetam as vias corticoespinhais e são definidas pela tríade de fraqueza muscular, aumento dos reflexos miotáticos e espasticidade, que é definida pelo aumento involuntário da resistência ao movimento passivo cuja intensidade varia com a velocidade do movimento. Quando a espasticidade interfere na funcionalidade do paciente, dificultando o movimento ativo, causando dor ou dificultando a prestação de cuidados por terceiros, há necessidade de iniciar seu tratamento. Para o tratamento da espasticidade generalizada ou de grandes porções do corpo, a intervenção medicamentosa ocorre por via oral ou intratecal, conforme os recursos disponíveis, mas efeitos colaterais de intensidade variável e indesejáveis podem ocorrer, especialmente o comprometimento da atenção ou da consciência, que prejudicam o processo de reabilitação. O tratamento focal da espasticidade utiliza a toxina botulínica ou os bloqueios nervosos com fenol ou álcool. Este artigo revisa a literatura sobre as técnicas mais adequadas para realizar a neurólise com fenol. Os bloqueios neuromusculares com fenol são um tratamento efetivo, de ação imediata, baixo custo, duração prolongada e de poucos efeitos adversos quando são respeitados os cuidados regulares de aplicação.
Medo de cair, funcionalidade e dor em indivíduos com osteoartrite de joelho
Authors: Alfieri Fabio Marcon , Silva Natália Cristina de Oliveira Vargas
Published: December 2019

Objetivo: Avaliar a relação entre o medo de cair e mobilidade funcional, incapacidade e dor em indivíduos com osteoartrite de joelho. Método: Trata-se de um estudo transversal observacional do qual participaram indivíduos com osteoartrite de joelho. Os participantes foram submetidos às avaliações de funcionalidade pelos questionários de Lequesne e WOMAC, medo de cair pela Falls Eficacy Scale, intensidade de dor pela Escala Visual Analógica, e mobilidade funcional pelo teste Timed Up and Go. Resultados: 61 indivíduos foram divididos segundo o medo de cair em: baixo risco de queda, queda esporádica e queda recorrente. Os dados mostraram que, quanto maior o medo de cair, piores foram os resultados em relação à dor, funcionalidade e mobilidade funcional. Conclusão: Em indivíduos com osteoartrite, existe associação entre medo de cair, funcionalidade, mobilidade e dor.
Una suave, tierna línea de montañas azules. Nicolás Guillén y Haití. Emilio Jorge Rodríguez. La Habana, Cuba: Fondo Editorial Casa de las Américas, 2017, 362 p.
Authors: Sousa Pacelli Dias Alves de
Published: December 2019

Trata-se de uma resenha de: Rodríguez, Emilio Jorge. Una suave, tierna línea de montañas azules. Nicolás Guillén y Haití. La Habana, Cuba: Fondo Editorial Casa de las Américas, 2017.
Traços da enunciação musical tensiva no Choros nº 6 de Villa-Lobos
Authors: Bonin Gustavo Cardoso
Published: December 2019

Villa-Lobos construiu um estilo característico que ganha cada vez mais extensão e densidade analítica, dentro e fora do país. A construção do estilo de um compositor depende da recorrência dos modos com que ele organiza diversos elementos musicais e sonoros a fim de construir um “modo de escuta” próprio. Com base na abordagem tensiva da semiótica francesa, desenvolvida por Claude Zilberberg, procuraremos apresentar como a tensão entre os aspectos sensíveis e inteligíveis da percepção musical caracterizam a presença enunciativa de Villa-Lobos na peça orquestral Choros nº 6. Essa abordagem nos ajuda a descrever como o autor organiza as sonoridades na percepção tanto da i) espacialidade como da ii) temporalidadeprojetada pela obra.
Chupim y Chopin, afeminados y enfermos
Authors: Vergara Jorge Israel Ortiz
Published: December 2019

La argumentación de este artículo se estructura en la siguiente forma: el reconocimiento de algunos artistas percibidos como afeminados y de otros como homosexuales coexistió con la reproducción de prejuicios en el discurso médico y literario. Y las mujeres son mayoría numérica en instituciones de enseñanza musical, y en paralelo, el discurso médico y literario reproduce la creencia en la inferioridad femenina. A partir del texto de una conferencia sobre Chopin, analizo tres temas del médico y escritor Aloysio de Castro mediante su contraste con las ideas de cuatro especialistas en homosexualidad y algunas ideas del musicólogo Mário de Andrade. Las fuentes primarias son de la primera mitad del siglo veinte, y mis apreciaciones tienen referencias en mi revisión de la literatura sobre racismo, género y música.
Villa-Lobos e o modernismo da Primeira República
Authors: Rodrigues Lutero
Published: December 2019

Embora o que é reconhecido como Modernismo no Brasil tenha sido iniciado com a Semana de Arte Moderna de 1922, impondo-se à cultura do país e obrigando tudo aquilo que o antecedeu a ser visto segundo sua ótica exclusiva, a atividade cultural anterior, a partir da República, tivera características próprias e diferenciadas que não poderiam ser negligenciadas.  Este trabalho pretende questionar a visão de um único Modernismo, tomando Villa-Lobos como figura central, já que o compositor atuou nos anos anteriores à Semana, e depois dela, tornou-se o principal nome da música nacionalista brasileira.
Bounded States, Negation Scope, and the Millennial Reign of the Saints (Revelation 20:4–5)
Authors: Jensen Aaron Michael
Published: December 2019

This article discusses the linguistic issues which are involved in the interpretation of Rev 20:4–5. It demonstrates that the aorist tense-form of ἔζησαν in v. 4 neither necessarily nor even likely here results in the inchoative reading favored by premillennialist interpreters. It also provides two readings of v. 5 which fit naturally with a non-inchoative reading.
The Historical Reception of the Yijing in the Tangut State
Authors: Wai-Ming Ng
Published: December 2019

The Yijing [Classic of Changes] was an influential Chinese text in the Sinosphere, but its reception in the non-Sinic neighboring nations of China remains largely unknown. This is a pioneering study of the popularization and uses of the Yijing in the Tangut state based primarily on Tangut documents unearthed in Khara-Khoto, highlighting the ways that the Yijing’s symbolism and divination were incorporated into Tangut traditions. Yijing-related ideas and practices played a considerable role in different aspects of Tangut culture such as medicine, architecture, art, military strategy, political terminology, calendars, divination and the perception of the world. The Tangut reception of the Yijing was selective and the preference for practical values was obvious. This pioneering study will shed new light on the popularization and localization of the Yijing in non-Sinic cultures in Asia and the making of a Yijing cultural sphere in Asia.
The Studies of Chinese Diasporas in Colonial Southeast Asia: Theories, Concepts, and Histories
Authors: Huy Le Anh Sy
Published: December 2019

This article provides a state-of-the-field assessment of a large body of English-language scholarship on Chinese migration to colonial Southeast Asia. It first explores the theoretical literature that grapples with the conceptual utility of “diaspora” as well as the attempted periodization and identities. It then turns the analytical gaze to the paradigm-shifting debates on transnational Chinese capitalism wherein the studies of networks, enterprises, and commerce in the age of empire have questioned the validity of “Chinese-ness” in dominant approaches to Chinese businesses and capital circulations. Finally, it engages with a growing scholarship on the social and cultural histories of Chinese diasporas that captures the diversity of their experiences, family and kinship networks, survival strategies, and Chinese encounters with the colonial powers. Rather than exhaustive, the article selectively focuses on the most productive areas of research that have preoccupied major scholarly debates in the field and hopes to shed light on new research directions.
Conducting a health education needs assessment in rural Nicaragua
Authors: Steppe Johnathan D , Blake Barbara J , Dyal Mari-Amanda , Bailey Theresa S , Porter Kandice J , Thompson Jon
Published: December 2019

Objective:

Each year, humanitarian groups provide health education programmes and interventions to underserved communities in Nicaragua. The purpose of this study was to identify the health education needs of a small community in rural Nicaragua to inform health education programming.

Design:

Mixed methods approach that used a quantitative survey and a qualitative questionnaire to determine health education priorities.

Setting:

Rural community in the Jinotega region of northern Nicaragua.

Methods:

The quantitative survey was completed by 125 participants to gauge the importance of specific health topics, while 49 of those participants also completed a qualitative questionnaire that solicited information about participants’ current health knowledge, beliefs and practices.

Results:

Quantitative results showed that participants ranked the prevention of respiratory illness as their highest education need, while exercise was their lowest priority. Smoking cessation and reducing alcohol use were viewed as significantly higher priorities by men than by women. Qualitative findings revealed five major themes related to reproductive health, respiratory health, nutrition, stress and exercise. Within each theme, participants demonstrated knowledge of health promoting behaviours; however, barriers to adopting healthy behaviours were also evident. For example, some female participants expressed feelings of powerlessness in sexual relationships despite knowledge of how sexually transmitted infections could be prevented. Participants also identified the importance of nutrition but described poor access to healthy foods.

Conclusion:

Findings from this study provided information to develop future health education programmes that build upon the community’s strengths while addressing the health topics most important to residents.
Transnational Friendships and Fluid Boundaries in Early Childhood Classrooms: The Possibilities of (Un)Productive Play in Teacher–Researcher Collaborations for Equity
Authors: Yoon Haeny S. , Llerena Carmen Lugo
Published: December 2019

Drawing from transnational feminism, we describe the interplay of multiple identities influencing teaching and research. By exploring our stories of border crossing as first/second-generation immigrant women, we highlight the importance of building communities of care in collaborative relationships. We explore the reciprocal relationship between play and work, creating the necessary conditions for democratic and dialogic partnerships. We aim to destabilize hierarchies between teachers/teacher educators toward more equitable, vulnerable, and flexible spaces of mutual accountability. Thus, we encourage fluid, boundary-crossing where personal relationships and professional work are not seen as binaries but interconnected and vital to critical work.
The Meritocratic Mystique and Mathematical Mediocrity in Hard-to-Staff Schools: A Critique of the Best and Brightest Teacher Agenda
Authors: Brantlinger Andrew
Published: December 2019

This article presents a critique of a teacher quality agenda promoted by a network of elitiste organizations in the United States. Network leaders posit that gaps in teacher quality cause achievement gaps. Their solution is to incentivize the graduates of the nation’s most selective colleges to teach in hard-to-staff schools. Summarizing prior results from secondary mathematics, this article argues that selective college graduates do not make particularly effective teachers and, given their high rates of attrition, do more harm than good. It concludes with the recommendation to invest instead in the development of community teachers to teach core subjects like mathematics.
Growth, Distribution, and Crisis: The Workers’ Party Administrations
Authors: Fonseca Pedro Cezar Dutra , Arend Marcelo , Guerrero Glaison Augusto
Published: December 2019

The economic policies of the governments of Lula da Silva (2003–2010) and Dilma Rousseff (2011–2016) combined orthodox measures with distinctive pro-growth measures that, although they deviated from neoliberalism, cannot be called “developmentalist” either. They lacked a long-term strategy for reversing the deindustrialization of the country or advancing to a new technological paradigm. They did, however, have a historical commitment to income redistribution that was largely implemented. The broad social pact proposed by Lula acknowledged the hegemony of financial capital, and its contradiction was that it protected the hegemonic group by means of monetary and fiscal policies that required growth in the gross domestic product, a favorable balance of payments, and a gap between wages and productivity. When these conditions no longer held, Rousseff responded to the crisis with a “new macroeconomic matrix” that amounted to the abandonment of Lula’s class-coalition pact.

As políticas econômicas dos governos de Lula da Silva (2003–2010) e Dilma Rousseff (2011–2016) combinaram medidas ortodoxas com distintas medidas pró-crescimento que, embora se desviassem do neoliberalismo, também não podem ser chamadas de “desenvolvimentalista.” Eles careceram de uma estratégia de longo prazo para reverter a desindustrialização do país e avançar para um novo paradigma tecnológico. Eles tinham, no entanto, um compromisso histórico com a redistribuição de renda que foi implementada em grande parte. O amplo pacto social proposto por Lula reconheceu a hegemonia do capital financeiro, e sua contradição foi que protegia o grupo hegemônico por meio de políticas monetárias e fiscais que exigiam crescimento do produto interno bruto, uma balança de pagamentos favorável e uma lacuna entre salários e produtividade. Quando essas condições não mais se mantiveram, Rousseff respondeu à crise com uma “nova matriz macroeconômica” que resultou no abandono do pacto de coalizão de classes de Lula.
The Utility of Facial Nerve Ultrasonography in Bell’s Palsy
Authors: Baek Seol‐Hee , Kim Yoo Hwan , Kwon Ye‐Ji , Sung Joo Hye , Son Myeong Hun , Lee Jung Hun , Kim Byung‐Jo
Published: December 2019

Objective

This study aimed to investigate the utility of facial nerve ultrasonography in the functional and structural assessment of early‐stage Bell’s palsy and the prognostic value of facial nerve ultrasonography in Bell’s palsy.

Study Design

Prospective longitudinal study.

Setting

Single center, a university‐affiliated neurology clinic.

Subjects and Methods

Patients with unilateral Bell’s palsy who had visited our clinic within 3 days of symptom onset were enrolled in this study. Demographic information and House‐Brackmann grade were collected. Electrophysiologic studies and facial nerve ultrasonography were then performed. The facial nerves on each side were scanned longitudinally with a 5‐ to 12‐MHz probe. The diameter of the facial nerves with and without the sheath was measured at the proximal and distal portions. Follow‐up examinations, including House‐Brackmann grade analysis, electrophysiologic studies, and facial nerve ultrasonography, were performed after 2 months.

Results

Fifty‐four patients with unilateral Bell’s palsy were enrolled, and 22 underwent the follow‐up examinations. The diameters of the facial nerves were larger on the affected side than on the unaffected side at the proximal and distal portions (P <. 01). On the affected side, the enlarged facial nerve at the proximal portion had decreased in size after 2 months (P <. 05). The initial ultrasonography findings were positively correlated with the initial severity of Bell’s palsy, but they did not predict prognosis.

Conclusion

Ultrasonography could be a useful tool for evaluating the facial nerve in Bell’s palsy. Nevertheless, further studies are needed to demonstrate its prognostic value.
Mapping the fluctuating effect of strategy use ability on English reading performance for nursing students: A multi-layered moderation analysis approach
Authors: Cai Yuyang , Kunnan Antony John
Published: December 2019

An essential hypothesis of modern language assessment theory pertains to the interaction between strategy use ability (strategic competence) and second language knowledge. However, how they interact with each other is rarely explored. Drawing on relevant research in the literature, in this paper we proposed three interaction patterns (i.e., linear, quadratic, and cuboid) in which language knowledge moderates the effect of strategy use ability on L2 reading performance. A pool of 1491 nursing students were invited to respond to three instruments, each measuring language knowledge, strategy use ability, and nursing English (L2) reading ability, respectively. Student responses were first scored using multidimensional item response theory (MIRT). Next, we applied multi-layered moderation analysis (MLMA) to these MIRT-based scores to detect the hypothetical interaction patterns. The results supported the cuboid interaction pattern or, metaphorically, the pattern of an island ridge curve (IRC). Substantially, this indicated that the effect of strategy use ability on nursing English reading performance fluctuated in a down-up-down pattern with the increase of students’ language knowledge. Our study also revealed different patterns of strategy use depending on students’ language knowledge level.
On the mechanical contribution of head stabilization to passive dynamics of anthropometric walkers
Authors: Benallegue Mehdi , Laumond Jean-Paul , Berthoz Alain
Published: December 2019

During the steady gait, humans stabilize their head around the vertical orientation. Although there are sensori-cognitive explanations for this phenomenon, its mechanical effect on the body dynamics remains unexplored. In this study, we take profit from the similarities that human steady gait shares with the locomotion of passive-dynamics robots. We introduce a simplified anthropometric 2D model to reproduce a broad walking dynamics. In a previous study, we showed heuristically that the presence of a stabilized head–neck system has a significant influence on the dynamics of walking. This article gives new insights that lead to understanding this mechanical effect. In particular, we introduce an original cart upper-body model that allows to better understand the mechanical interest of head stabilization when walking, and we study how this effect is sensitive to the choice of control parameters.
Ovarian adult-type granulosa cell tumor concomitant with simple endometrial hyperplasia: a case study with selected immunohistochemistry
Authors: Szewczuk Wiktor , Szewczuk Oksana , Czajkowski Krzysztof , Grala Bartłomiej , Semczuk Andrzej
Published: December 2019

Ovarian adult-type granulosa cell tumors are often associated with endometrial hyperplasia or even uterine cancer. Herein, we present a case report of a 65-year-old female patient who had undergone curettage of the uterine cavity several times due to abnormal and irregular uterine bleeding. Owing to recurrent episodes of vaginal bleeding as well as ineffective pharmacological treatment of simple endometrial hyperplasia without atypia, the patient underwent a laparoscopically-assisted vaginal hysterectomy. Owing to an enlarged right ovary with bluish color, intra-operative pathological examination was immediately performed. Surprisingly, an ovarian adult-type granulosa cell tumor was diagnosed, and the surgery was extended to pelvic lymphadenectomy and omentectomy. Immunohistochemical staining with selected antibodies (Arginase 2, Nidogen 2, BAF250a/ARID1A, GPR30, SF-1/NR5A, and 1LRH-2E1/NR5A2) was also performed. In conclusion, in cases of recurrent vaginal bleeding concomitant with endometrial hyperplasia, the existence of rare ovarian tumors connected with extensive estrogenic stimulation must be taken into account. Immunostaining with selected antibodies (Arginase 2, Nidogen 2, ARID1A, or GPR30) may help elucidate the possible molecular mechanisms associated with the BAF250a/development of various ovarian/endometrial abnormalities.
Material characterization and damage assessment of an AA5352 aluminium alloy using digital image correlation
Authors: Farahani Behzad V , Amaral Rui , Tavares Paulo J , Moreira Pedro MGP , Santos Abel dos
Published: December 2019

The emergence of reliable material characterization techniques in automotive and aeronautical industries, in particular sheet metal forming, promises to underpin a novel advance in materials research. In this regard, 5xxx series aluminium alloys deliver the largest formability range and can be deformed at room temperature. This study aims at determining the mechanical properties of the AA5352 aluminium alloy, using digital image correlation. Thus, tensile sheet specimens manufactured from the corresponding alloy are mechanically tested under a uniaxial condition and deformation fields are monitored. Considering the force/displacement response and stress/strain curves, the material Poisson’s ratio, Young’s modulus and anisotropy coefficient in the transverse direction are characterized by the experimental digital image correlation data. It intends to obtain accurate and reliable mechanical properties to be considered in the future processing analyses. Numerically, adopting the experimentally obtained material properties, the Gurson–Tvergaard–Needleman damage model is implemented using finite element method formulation to forecast the ductile fracture performance of the tested AA5352 sheet. The predicted results are then compared with the experimental digital image correlation solution verifying good agreement with the force/displacement response and the deformation fields. Overall, the acquired numerical results imply that the Gurson–Tvergaard–Needleman damage criterion is capable to render an accurate prediction upon a high stress triaxiality state.
Innovations for smoke management in passenger trains
Authors: Lázaro Mariano , Lázaro David , Cortabarria Edurne , Alvear Daniel
Published: December 2019

Spanish manufacturer Construcciones y Auxiliar de Ferrocarriles developed an innovative alternative for compartmentation, based on a smoke extraction system, to guarantee safe conditions during evacuation processes in a passenger unit. To demonstrate its performance in a train unit, a real-scale experimental programme, supported by the application of fire computer modelling, was applied in a new Construcciones y Auxiliar de Ferrocarriles’ rolling stock. The new smoke exhaust system aims to extract the smoke generated during a fire in the passenger area by exhaust fans of the heating, ventilation, and air conditioning system, allowing the ingress of fresh exterior air in the lower part of the rear ends of the car. These key elements create an air flow that evacuates the smoke to prevent people from being exposed to it. Full-scale fire tests were developed in the train unit following the Australian standard AS 4391-1999. A fire of 140 kW was used, and the smoke was generated by a clean smoke machine. Measurement points included six thermocouple trees, 10 gas flow velocity probes and two GoPro HD video cameras (for the estimation of the visibility). The system performance was successful with the tenability criteria, since the value of visibility at the non-fire car was greater than 30 m and the temperature was lower than 30°C during all the tests at a height of 1.7 m above the floor. Experimental results were used to validate the computational model. The computational model results show a good accuracy compared with the tests.
Prediction of elastic modulus of polymer composites using Hashin–Shtrikman bound, mean field homogenization and finite element technique
Authors: Das Lala Sumit , Sadikbasha Shaik , Deoghare Ashish B
Published: December 2019

Polymer matrix composites are developed by reinforcing biodegradable rubber seed shell, cashew nut shell and walnut shell powder in epoxy resin. Theoretically, elastic modulus is calculated using Hashin–Shtrikman bounds using variational principles. Investigation of the elastic modulus of the composites is extended by varying filler weight up to 25% in Digimat 2017-MF which applies Mori–Tanaka mean field homogenization and ANSYS 15.0 Workbench which uses a three-dimensional model of representative volume element having spherical shaped filler particles to calculate elastic modulus. Elastic modulus is the measurement of resistance of the material under tensile load. The corresponding stress–strain relationship predicts the stiffness of the material. The results are confirmed with experimentation approach for 5% wt filler content. Elastic modulus obtained from these approaches show a maximum error of 7% with experiment results. Investigation further reveals that elastic modulus of composites increases with increase in weight fraction of fillers. However, above 15% wt of filler content, no significant increase in the elastic modulus of the composites is observed.
A fusion methodology for sideslip angle estimation on the basis of kinematics-based and model-based approaches
Authors: Li Xiaoyu , Xu Nan , Li Qin , Guo Konghui , Zhou Jianfeng
Published: December 2019

This article introduces a reliable fusion methodology for vehicle sideslip angle estimation, which only needs the Controller Area Network–Bus signals of production vehicles and has good robustness to vehicle parameters, tire information, and road friction coefficient. The fusion methodology consists of two basic approaches: the kinematic-based approach and the model-based approach. The former is constructed into the extended Kalman filter for transient stage and large magnitude estimation, while the latter is designed to be an adaptive scheme for steady-state and small magnitude estimation. On this basis, combining the advantages of the two methods, a weight allocation strategy is proposed based on the front wheel steering angle and transient characteristics of lateral acceleration and yaw rate. The validity of the method is verified by simulation and experiment, and it is proved that the method can be effectively used for the sideslip angle estimation.
Numerical and experimental investigation on the air flow characteristics of heating, ventilation, and air-conditioning module for a small electric vehicle
Authors: Li Kang , Gao Hao , Jia Peng , Su Lin , Fang Yidong , Zhang Hua , Liu Ni
Published: December 2019

In electrical vehicles, replacing positive temperature coefficient heater as heat source with an air source heat pump could improve the driving range and decrease energy consumption in cold climate. Design of the heating, ventilation, and air-conditioning module for heat pump system has a significant influence on its performance in each working mode. A newly designed heat pump heating, ventilation, and air-conditioning module was introduced in this paper. The air flow characteristics of the heat pump heating, ventilation, and air-conditioning module in four working modes were analyzed, and the air flow rate and wind resistance were obtained by numerical simulation. Experiments were also conducted for validating its airflow rate in each working mode. Results of these experiments show that some unfavorable phenomena such as flow maldistribution and vortex inside the heat pump heating, ventilation, and air-conditioning module exist, which could lead to insufficient utilization of the heat exchange area of heat exchangers and the generation of aerodynamic noise. Furthermore, the air flow rate of the original heating, ventilation, and air-conditioning module was also measured for comparison, and the designed heat pump heating, ventilation, and air-conditioning module shows nearly 15–20% decrease in each working mode.
Effects of human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells on inflammatory factors and miR-181a in T lymphocytes from patients with systemic lupus erythematosus
Authors: Zheng B , Zhang P , Yuan L , Chhetri R K , Guo Y , Deng D
Published: December 2019

Objectives

The present study aimed to explore the effect of umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells (UC-MSCs) on the modulation of T lymphocytes from system lupus erythematosus (SLE) patients and the possible mechanism.

Methods

A total of 24 hospitalized SLE patients and 28 healthy individuals were enrolled. T lymphocytes were sorted using Miltenyi magnetic beads. After the addition of recombinant human interleukin (IL)-2 and CD3CD28 T-cell activator, cells were loaded onto six-well plates pre-inoculated or not with UC-MSCs for 1 week of culture. The supernatants were collected for testing inflammatory factors by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Meanwhile, T lymphocytes were collected to assess the expression levels of genes, proteins in relation to SLE and miR-181a by polymerase chain reaction and Western blot.

Results

Compared with T lymphocytes cultured alone, interferon-γ, IL-4, IL-6 and IL-10 levels were significantly decreased in T lymphocytes from SLE patients co-cultured with UC-MSCs. In addition, the gene and protein expression levels of TNF alpha, osteopontin and nuclear factor-kappa B in T lymphocytes were significantly decreased, while miR-181a expression was markedly elevated ( p < 0.05 or 0.008).

Conclusion

UC-MSCs have showed certain immunomodulatory and inhibitory effects in vitro on T lymphocytes from SLE patients, which could potentially be a beneficial treatment of the disease. UC-MSCs may up-regulate miR-181a and down-regulate inflammation-related gene expression.
Bringing back the national to the study of globally circulating policy ideas: ‘Actually existing smart urbanism’ in Hungary and the Netherlands
Authors: Varró Krisztina , Bunders Damion J
Published: December 2019

Recently proliferating ‘smart city’ building efforts have lent themselves well to interpretations through the lens of the policy mobilities literature. Applying this perspective, studies have insightfully shown how policymaking centred around smart cities is at once a messy, networked process stretching across scales, while also manifesting itself in concrete practices shaped by territorial–regulatory contexts. Informed by empirical research on smart city policies in Hungary and the Netherlands, this paper argues that the policy mobilities approach tends to overemphasize the global and the local. Notwithstanding the transnational circulation of smart city ideas, the national scale continues being reproduced by these ideas as a relevant scale of urban regulation, discursive framing and strategy-making under globalization. To acknowledge this, and to move towards a more decidedly multiscalar perspective on actually existing smart urbanisms, it is suggested that we incorporate the national scale, understood as a relational set of practices and discourses, more explicitly into our analysis. Insights from the Hungarian and Dutch case studies are used to illustrate the manifold ways in which the local embedding of the globally mobile smart city concept is shaped by the national scale, as well as how the national itself is being renegotiated in this process.
Transformational Leadership and Personal Demographic Profile in the Education System of India
Authors: Baba Mubashir Majid
Published: December 2019

Leadership is an interactive conversation that pulls people towards becoming comfortable with the language of personal responsibility and commitment. Leadership and the styles of leadership is one of the frequently discussed subjects within management discipline. Transformational leadership (TL) style is being considered as the most effective leadership style among all the styles. The purpose of this article is to examine the perception of faculty members towards TL of their academic leaders in the sample select universities and to study the impact of demographic variables on TL. The data collected were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics. The data for the study were collected through both the primary and secondary sources. The measuring items used for the study were sourced from existing validated scales and literature. Descriptive statistics was employed to know the descriptive information across various demographic variables on a total sample of 719. The various demographic variables, which were considered for the study, were gender, age, designation and experience. The results revealed that the faculty members of the sample select universities perceived the TL of their academic leaders at an above-average level; presently, they are fairly satisfied with their academic leader’s TL. The results also revealed that the perception of the respondent faculty members towards their HOD’s transformational leadership from different universities and states is more or less the same and also the demographic variables have a significant impact on TL. Besides having theoretical implications that open pathways for conducting further research, the findings of the study may serve as a reference for service practitioners in designing strategies that will ensure superior performance of academic leaders in higher educational institutions.
Primary Education in India: An Analysis of Comparative Performance of Districts
Authors: Kayal Tamal Krishna
Published: December 2019

An analysis of the outcome of primary education has considerable significance from the perspective of economic growth, development and also from the broader concept of human development. The outcome of primary education can be measured in terms of different indicators like enrolment, retention and learning. This paper analyses comparative performance in primary education of 161 districts across six selected states of India using a comprehensive measure of outcome of primary education called educational outcome index. This index is based on 10 indicators of educational outcome, including four indicators of learning achievement of students. The method of principal component analysis is used in developing the index, which is subsequently used for classifying the districts into three groups of performance: good, average and poor. The classification shows that districts within each state are distributed across these groups of performance, suggesting significant intra-state variations in performance of primary education in India.