bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
As mercadorias a título de bonificação e a sua exclusão da base de cálculo do ICMS: provas necessárias
Authors: Edilson Teixeira Neto Francisco , Luciano Lima Rodrigues Francisco , Nogueira Bezerra Francisco Antônio
Published: September 2020

Atualmente, existe uma necessidade teórico-jurídica por uma análise crítica da exclusão do conteúdo econômico das bonificações da base de cálculo do Imposto sobre Circulação de Mercadorias e Serviços (ICMS) próprio, para a correta aplicação do direito positivo, ou costumeiro jurisprudencial, tributário nacional. Isso decorre do fato de que o reconhecimento da inexistência de relação jurídico-tributária nas operações de remessas de mercadorias a título de bonificação, bem como em eventual creditamento, compensação ou restituição de valores já pagos, resta condicionado à demonstração de provas documentais e/ou periciais contundentes na direção da real convicção de certeza do magistrado. Esta pesquisa, pois, por meio de uma abordagem qualitativa e um caráter bibliográfico, bem como de uma finalidade estratégica e exploratória, realiza uma crítica às questões relevantes para esse embate, assim como fixa o mínimo de robustez probatória necessária para fins de garantir a segurança jurídica em eventual exclusão do conteúdo econômico de possível bonificação da base de cálculo daquele tributo.
Inclusão social através das startups e sua regulamentação no direito brasileiro
Authors: Silva Pinheiro Freire João Mateus , De Lima Marques Santiago Sousa Vanessa
Published: September 2020

Este artigo tem como objetivo destacar os pontos principais das novas formas de empreendedorismo – as startups, seus impactos em uma sociedade e sua regulamentação no Brasil. Além disso, dedica-se ao contexto histórico no qual surgiu este fenômeno e sua movimentação no cenário brasileiro. Explora a restrita literatura especializada, por meio do método bibliográfico, tendo como hipótese que o fomento às inovações tecnológicas no mundo empreendedor contribui para o crescimento de empregos, o aumento dos números de indivíduos que conseguem ter inclusão social e a qualidade dos serviços e produtos. Desse modo, conclui-se que as startups são essenciais para a economia mundial e para uma sociedade menos desigual, portanto tais iniciativas empreendedoras devem ser valorizadas.
Корпоративні правовідносин та податкові розриви: теоретичний підхід
Authors: Slavkova O.P. , Hordiienko M.
Published: September 2020

У статті проаналізовано міжнародну практику використання оцінки податкових розривів, зокрема в Австралії, Канаді, Сполученому Королівстві, Сполучених Штатах Америки,  Швеції та інших. З’ясовано, що цей показник розглядається як похідна від рівня податкової культури національної економіки, підприємств, організацій та громадян країни та характеризується невисоким рівнем податкового розриву.

Установлено, що основним базовим компонентом визначення розміру податкового розриву у розвинених державах загальне декларування доходів та звітування. Визначено, що корпоративні права є об’єктом оподаткування. Проведено аналіз законодавства України та зроблено висновок, що діюче законодавство України не відповідає сучасним вимогам та законодавству ЄС. У статті 15 Договору про Європейський Союз закріплено, що важливою  умовою для зміцнення економічних зв’язків між Україною та Співтовариством є зближення існуючого та майбутнього законодавства України з законодавством Співтовариства. Україна вживе заходів для забезпечення того, щоб її законодавство поступово було приведене у відповідність до законодавства Співтовариства». До такого законодавства належить і законодавство яким врегульовуються питання визнання, оцінки, обліку і оподаткування корпоративних прав.

Зроблено висновок про те, що на державному рівні необхідно впроваджувати дієву систему звітування та перевірки для зменшення податкових розривів в секторі корпоративних прав.
Закономірності раціонального відтворення ресурсного потенціалу, як умова ефективного функціонування аграрного підприємства
Authors: Matvieiev P.
Published: September 2020

У статті визначено передумови кризової ситуації в аграрному секторі, встановлено, що основною ознакою виробництва є повторювальний характер виробничого циклу, наведено стадії суспільного виробництва. Охарактеризовано сутність та обов’язкову умову процесу відтворення, узагальнено еволюцію наукових поглядів на категорію відтворення в економічній системі, розкрито специфіку відтворення в аграрному секторі економіки, виділено склад критеріїв ресурсної забезпеченості аграрного виробництва. Запропоновано методичний підхід для оцінювання рівня ресурсного забезпечення виробництва продукції рослинництва в сільськогосподарських підприємствах та критерії класифікації факторів формування та розвитку систем техніко-технологічного забезпечення виробництва агропідприємствами продукції рослинництва. Доведено, що  метою механізму розвитку потенціалу підприємства є досягнення стійкого функціонування і розвитку підприємства в умовах циклічних процесів економіки.
Особливості конкурентного потенціалу аграрних підприємств
Authors: Orel A.
Published: September 2020

Розглянуто взаємозалежність між конкурентним потенціалом, конкурентним статусом і конкурентними перевагами. Узагальнено існуючі підходи дослідників щодо розуміння структури конкурентного потенціалу. Розглянуто взаємозв’язок між потенціалом підприємства, конкурентним потенціалом, стратегічним потенціалом. Запропоновано авторську схему структури конкурентного потенціалу підприємства, яка об’єднує входи у вигляді ресурсів і виходи як готову продукцію, де безпосередньо потенціал підприємства як його спроможність виробляти продукцію із наявних ресурсів визначено як функціональний. Разом з ним виокремлено ринковий потенціал і ресурсний, які складають економічний потенціал підприємства. Досліджено вплив ресурсного потенціалу на економічний і конкурентний в залежності від галузей. Доведено вирішальну роль ресурсного потенціалу у формуванні конкурентного потенціалу підприємств аграрного сектору. Розглянуто зміст, призначення і структуру функціонального потенціалу підприємства. Конкурентний потенціал аграрного підприємства є похідною економічною категорією від взаємодії ресурсного потенціалу, функціонального і ринкового потенціалів підприємства, де на першому рівні знаходяться параметри ресурсного й ринкового потенціалів, на другому рівні знаходиться функціональний потенціал підприємства, і вже на третьому - конкурентний потенціал.
Нарощення інвестиційного потенціалу карпатського регіону шляхом використання крауд-технологій
Authors: Bandura T.
Published: September 2020

У статті досліджено світовий досвід використання крауд-технологій. Розглянуто трактування та основний зміст краудсорсингу, краудфандингу та краудінвестингу. Визначено переваги та ризики для усіх учасників краудфандингових платформ. Запропоновано використання крауд-технологій як інструменту нарощення інвестиційного потенціалу Карпатського регіону. Обгрунтовано доцільність розроблення нормативно-правової документації з питань краудфандингу органами законодавчої влади. Доведено необхідність створення краудфандингової платформи Карпатського регіону як комунікативного майданчика між бізнесом і громадою та інформування про її можливості громадянам. Охарактеризовано п’ять режимів регулювання фінансових моделей краудфандингу, які використовуються у світовій економіці. Наголошено на доцільності використання краудінвестингу для залучення іноземних та вітчизняних інвестицій. Запропоновано інформування влади, бізнесу та громади про можливості використання краудсорсингу, краудфандингу, краудінвестингу. Доведено доцільність використання крауд-технологій у економіці Карпатського регіону комплексно (пакетно).
Classifying Transport Mode from Global Positioning Systems and Accelerometer Data: A Machine Learning Approach
Authors: Roy Avipsa , Fuller Daniel , Stanley Kevin , Nelson Trisalyn
Published: September 2020

Smartphones and wearable devices are driving a boom in mobility data. We use data-driven tools for classifying movement data into five different travel modes (bicycle, walk, bus, motor vehicle and SkyTrain) in Vancouver and St. John’s, Canada. Using data from a GPS-enabled smartphone app (Itinerum) combined with a wrist-worn accelerometer (GENEActiv) collected over a period of 67 days, we classified modes using Support Vector Machines from 4071 trips. Pre-labelled data were used to classify modes with 90.9% accuracy when data from both devices were combined in comparison to a single data source with accuracy ranging between 55.5% and 79.4%.
The Impact of Implementing Public Bicycle Share Programs on Bicycle Crashes
Authors: Branion-Calles Michael , Hosford Kate , Winters Meghan , Gauvin Lise , Fuller Daniel
Published: September 2020

A docked public bicycle share program (PBSP) makes bicycles available to the public. There is limited evidence on the impact of PBSPs on safety. We estimated the impacts of implementing a PBSP on the likelihood of bicycle crashes using a difference in differences approach with repeated cross-sectional survey data (self-reported crashes) collected in 8 Canadian and US cities, from 2012-2014. Relative to control cities (Detroit, Philadelphia, Vancouver), we found that the odds of reporting a bicycling crash did not change after implementing a PBSP (New York, Chicago) and were lower in cities that had existing PBSPs (Boston, Montreal, Toronto).
To the issue of water treatment by hydrocyclone on the systems of the combined irrigation
Authors: Dubenok Nikolay , Novikov Andrey , Borodychev Sergei , Lamskova Maria
Published: September 2020

At the stage of water treatment for irrigation systems, the efficiency capture coarse and fine mechanical impurities, as well as oil products and organic compounds affects the reliability of the equipment of the irrigation network and the safety of energy exchange processes in irrigated agricultural landscapes. The violation of work irrigation system can cause disruptions in irrigation schedules of agricultural crops, crop shortages, degradation phenomena on the soil and ecological tension. For the combined irrigation system, a water treatment unit has been developed, representing a hydrocyclone apparatus with a pipe filter in the case. For the capacity of 250 m3/h the main geometrical dimensions of hydrocyclone have been calculated. To organize the capture petroleum products and organic compounds, it has been proposed a modernization of a hydrocyclone unit, consisting in dividing the cylindrical part of the apparatus into two section. The first is section is for input irrigation water, the second one is for additional drainage of clarified irrigation water after sorption purification by the filter, placed on the disk and installed coaxially with the drain pipe and the pipe filter.
Optimization of the irrigation regime of agricultural crops for different areas of the Saratov region
Authors: Shadskikh Vladimir , Kizhaeva Vera , Rasskazova Olga
Published: September 2020

In the conditions of the Volga region, the zone of risky agriculture, the stability of crop production directly depends on the degree of moisture supply of crops [1, 2, 12]. The article presents the results of many years of research on the study of irrigation regime on crops with differentiated irrigation.

Studies of irrigation regimes of agricultural crops on the basis of a comprehensive assessment of agro-climatic conditions allowed to establish environmentally sound differentiated irrigation rates of major crops for different natural areas of the Saratov region, depending on the degree of aridity of the year.

Recommended irrigation norms were 300–350 m3/ha at the beginning of vegetation and no more than 450–500 m3/ha during the period of maximum water consumption. The use of differentiated irrigation norms for the main crops will allow to control the development of erosion processes on irrigated lands and provide resource saving in irrigated agriculture.
Carta Editorial
Authors: Dutra e Silva Sandro , Miraglia Marina , Carney Judith
Published: September 2020

Carta Editorial
El Bosque Nativo aún Impera en el Borde Costero de la Región de La Araucanía, entre 1866 y 1912: Matices a un Discurso de Destrucción Forestal “Masiva” en el Sur de Chile.
Authors: González Marilicán Matías
Published: September 2020

Los estudios locales pueden matizar las explicaciones catastróficas que priman en torno a la destrucción del bosque nativo en el Sur de Chile durante el siglo XIX. La historia del bosque en el borde costero de la región de La Araucanía, entre 1866 y 1912, puede servir para esto. Por primera vez se hace un análisis histórico-documental para reconstruir la extensión del bosque nativo hacia 1866 y estimar el retroceso del mismo producto de la colonización que se vivió en el sector al alero del Estado chileno a fines del siglo XIX. Se concluye que el bosque nativo pudo haber seguido predominando en el área, pese al progresivo poblamiento del lugar. El bajo número poblacional del sector, el complejo medio ambiente local y el predominio de una técnica tradicional para explotar los bosques, habrían contribuido a la preservación del bosque nativo.
O Comércio Atlântico e as Políticas de Melhoramento Animal na Transformação da Paisagem do Planalto Catarinense no Século XX
Authors: Schuch Cristiane Fortkamp , Klug João
Published: September 2020

A expansão da atividade pecuária no Brasil resignificou as relações entre natureza, sociedade e animais não humanos através de projetos e relações de poder na apropriação de espaços naturais. Dentre estes mecanismos de apropriação, ressalta-se, no mundo agrário, a composição social baseada em questões patriarcais e aristocráticas relacionadas à concentração da terra, renda e acesso à tecnologia produtiva, que também hierarquizaram as estruturas de modernização de espaços em um mesmo território regional. Assim, a historicidade da utilização dos campos no Estado de Santa Catarina, permite analisar como determinados biomas foram inscritos em projetos políticos, econômicos e ambientais que estabelecem diferentes relações entre a sociedade local e a natureza, bem como diferentes configurações de espaço e identidade ao longo do tempo e de acordo com a difusão de tecnologias e genética animal que integrou o sul do Brasil ao complexo colonial mercantil pelo Rio da Prata e Oceano Atlântico.
Taking a Look in the Mirror
Authors: Garrett Jacob
Published: September 2020

Throughout the history of the horror genre, Western media has traditionally associated urban settings, specifically ones which are suffering from urban decay, with the supernatural, horrifying, and life-threatening.  In this paper, I decided to analyze one of the most famous examples of a horror movie that features urban decay at its center: Bernard Rose's 1992 film Candyman.  I analyze the ways in which Rose addresses societal perceptions of the Cabrini-Green housing project specifically and urban decay in general by placing his white, female, middle-class protagonist right in the middle of this notorious neighborhood and uses the situations in which she finds herself both to scare the viewers of the film and to force them to come to terms with the implicit biases that give rise to these fears. I pay particular attention to the contrasts between a gang leader that adopts the name "Candyman" and the ghost itself; the fact the protagonist, Helen, lives in a former project and the history behind her building; and the intersection of ingrained fears surrounding race, violence, and sex in both this area of Chicago and in the story of Candyman (who was lynched for impregnating a wealthy white woman) and Helen, who is the spitting image of Candyman's lover. I conclude that Rose, in this film, is forcing his viewers to reckon with their prejudices and realize that the true terror of this film is not its seminal ghost, but the long-established fears in their own minds.
Cytotoxicity of Kelakai (Stenochlaena palustris) Extract to MCF-7 Breast Cancer Cell
Authors: Mashar Harlyanti Muthma'innah , Annah Itma
Published: September 2020

Breast cancer is reported to rank fifth among all types of cancer with a case of death of 6.6%. In the Central Kalimantan region, early examinations of cancers including breast cancer were carried out and 247 tumors in the breast were identified (1.76%). Kelakai (Stenochlaena palustris) as one of the typical plants of Kalimantan which contain natural chemical constituents has been reported to be effective as an anti-inflammatory and antioxidant, so that with this potential can be developed to overcome diseases associated with it, one of them is breast cancer. This study aimed to examine the cytotoxicity of MCF-7 breast cancer cells using ethanol extract. The cytotoxicity assay of kelakai extract against MCF-7 cells conducted in vitro by the MTT reduction method. The variation of concentration used is 1000; 500; 250; 125; 62.5; 31.5; and 15.625 µg/ml, doxorubicin as a positive control was performed in a concentration of 1 μg / ml. The results of the cytotoxicity assay showed that the kelakai extract had a toxic effect on MCF-7 cells with an IC50 value of 493.57 µg / ml.
Direct to Consumer Care in COVID-19 and Other Public Health Crises
Authors: Ashley Watson, OMS-IV  , Janel H. Johnson DO, MPH  , Leah Bailey DO, FAAP
Published: September 2020

Direct-to-consumer care (DTC) is a popular subset of telemedicine ideal for delivering large volumes of health care during a pandemic or other public health crisis conditions. DTC has the potential to relieve the burden of health care shortages and improve patient safety and outcomes during widespread disease. Below is a brief discussion exploring perspectives and evidence for DTC as a business modality, including the advantages and disadvantages of using DTC for providing health care during a pandemic.
Timeline in Pictures of Oral Aphthae as a Presenting Symptom for Behcet’s Disease
Authors: Adam Ramsey, MD  , Abdelkader Mallouk, MD  , Amit Sharma, DO  , Timothy Baxter, MD
Published: September 2020

Behcet's Disease (BD) is a chronic relapsing and remitting vasculitis with an unknown cause. With its propensity to involve all size arteries and veins and the ability to affect all organ systems, BD can result in significant mortality. BD is commonly referred to as the "silk road" due to the high incidence of BD in the ancient Mediterranean trading route known as "Old Silk Road." A timeline in pictures of oral aphthae is presented to emphasize the need for increased awareness among clinicians to recognize the various manifestations of BD to diagnose and offer prompt, timely treatment. The evidence base for treatment is limited and further studies are needed to ascertain the prevalence and distribution as well as associated genetic factors of BD in the U.S.
The Effect of Mathematics Realistic Education Aided by Mathematics Software towards the Process of Solving Mathematical Communication Problems of Junior High School Students
Authors: Marpaung Marwan , Minarni Ani , Panjaitan Togi
Published: September 2020

One factor that has a big influence on mathematics learning outcomes and how students provide solutions to mathematical problems, among others, is the learning factor as well as initial mathematical knowledge (IMK). So, the objectives of the research are to find out: (1) the influence of the Realistic Mathematics Education (RME) Approach aided by Microsoft Mathematics software on students' mathematical communication ability (MCA), (2) an interaction between IMK and RME approach to mathematical communication ability, (3) the students' completion process in solving mathematical communication problems. The third objective is very important because it can reveal whether horizontal and vertical mathematization as the ideas of RME benefit the students. The results of the research show that: (1) there is a significant effect of the RME Approach aided by  Mathematics software on students' mathematical communication ability, (2) there is no significant interaction between the initial mathematical knowledge and the learning approach to students' mathematical communication ability, (3) the students' completion process in solving  mathematical communication problems attain the "good" category.
The Effect of Project Based Learning Models and Learning Motivation on Civics Learning Results In 4th Grade Primary School 106163 Percut Sei Tuan
Authors: Simanjuntak Luciana , Sriadhi Sriadhi , Saragih Daulat
Published: September 2020

This study aims to: (1) Determine the differences in student PPKn learning outcomes taught with a project-based learning model compared to students taught using a direct learning model; (2) Knowing the differences in the learning outcomes of students who have high learning motivation compared to students who have low learning motivation; (3) Knowing the interaction between the project based learning model and learning motivation in influencing the learning outcomes of students' PPKn at Primary School 106163 Percut Sei Tuan. The population in this study were the fourth grade students at Primary School 106163 Percut Sei Tuan, totaling 54 people. 4th Grade a as many as 27 students and 4th Grade / b as many as 27 students. Collecting data in this study through a questionnaire on learning motivation and learning outcomes test instruments PPKn. Hypothesis testing is done by using the Two Way Anova test. The results showed that: (1) The PPKn learning outcomes of students who were taught with the project based learning model were higher than the PPKn learning outcomes of students taught using the direct learning model (Fcount= 23.476 and the sig. 0.000> 0.05); (2) Student PPKn learning outcomes who have high learning motivation are higher than those with PPKn learning outcomes of students who have low learning motivation (Fcount = 7.673 and sig. 0.008> 0.05); (3) There is an interaction between the project based learning model and learning motivation in influencing students' PPKn learning outcomes (Fcount = 13.003 and sig. 0.001> 0.05).
Pengaruh Profitabilitas, Likuiditas, Ukuran Perusahaan terhadap Struktur Modal Perusahaan Property dan Real Estate yang terdaftar di BEI
Authors: Lilia Wirda , Situmeang Sari Indah Lestari , Verawaty Verawaty , Hartanto Davin
Published: September 2020

Meningkatnya permintaan terhadap tanah dan bangunan mengakibatkan melonjaknya pembangunan pada sektor property dan real estate. Namun yang harus diketahui adalah bagaimana suatu perusahaan mengelolah struktur modalnya. Struktur modal yang baik pasti akan memiliki dampak yang baik bagi nilai atau finansial sebuah perusahaan yang tinggi.  Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh profitabilitas, likuiditas, ukuran perusahaan terhadap struktur modal pada perusahaan property dan real estate.Populasi yang terdapat dalam penelitian ini sebanyak 61 perusahaan. Sampel dari penelitian ini adalah 28 perusahaan yang diseleksi dengan menggunakan teknik purposive sampling sehingga didapatkan total sampel selama 4 tahun 112 sampel penelitian. Metode penelitian menggunakan Teknik Analisis  dengan uji asumsi klasik. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian dari Uji F diperoleh bahwa Profitabilitas, Likuiditas, Ukuran Perusahaan secara bersama-sama berpengaruh dan signifikan terhadap Struktur Modal.Pada Uji t variabel Profitabilitas dan variabel Likuiditas berpengaruh negatif dan tidak signifikan terhadap Struktur Modal.Ukuran Perusahaan berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap Struktur Modal pada perusahaan Property dan Real Estate pada perusahaan property dan real estate. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian membuktikan besar nilai Adjusted R Square (R2) sejumlah 0,292 atau sama dengan 29,2% dapat berpengaruh dari variabel independen sedangkan selebihnya yaitu 0,64110 atau sama dengan 64,1% dipengaruhi variabel diluar penelitian.
Internacionalização da educação profissional e tecnológica no Brasil: trajetórias do Centro Paula Souza – São Paulo
Authors: Azevedo Marilia Macorin de , Batista Sueli Soares dos Santos , Vicari Ana Paula
Published: September 2020

A internacionalização da educação se mostra como uma estratégia inovadora e complexa que pode responder às necessidades educativas num cenário em que se articulam a sociedade globalizada e os desafios do mundo do trabalho. As políticas educacionais e os sistemas educativos em diferentes países têm buscado o seu aprimoramento frente a esse cenário. Este trabalho tem por objetivo demonstrar como uma instituição pública de Educação Profissional e Tecnológica (EPT) no Brasil, o Centro Paula Souza, vem construindo suas ações de internacionalização, no intuito de tornar seus alunos mais preparados para as exigências contemporâneas. A pesquisa é de caráter qualitativo, desenvolvida a partir de pesquisa bibliográfica e documental, destacando as estratégias institucionais. A partir da estrutura de uma assessoria vinculada à superintendência da instituição, há ações que promovem e viabilizam projetos de aproximação com instituições internacionais, com especial atenção ao projeto de intercâmbio de docentes e discentes do ensino superior. Observa-se que o projeto de internacionalização institucional do Centro Paula Souza, em constante construção, propõe métodos e processos, no intuito de aprimorar a qualidade e caráter estratégico da Educação Profissional e Tecnológica.
Substratos a base de compostos orgânicos para produção de mudas de capim-elefante BRS Kurumi
Authors: Kohler Thaís Wacholz , Mascarenhas Luize Silva , Kunde Roberta Jeske , Lemoes Lucas Silva , Härter Adílson , Cerqueira Vanessa Sacramento , Silva Sérgio Delmar dos Anjos e
Published: September 2020

O objetivo do estudo foi determinar o potencial de três compostos orgânicos na elaboração de substratos para a produção de mudas de capim-elefante BRS Kurumi produzidas a partir de minitoletes. Os resíduos utilizados nas compostagens foram: bagaço e palha de cana-de-açúcar, serragem, esterco bovino, casca de acácia, cama de aviário e torta de tungue. Para formulação dos substratos adicionou-se diferentes proporções de cinza de casca de arroz e casca de arroz carbonizada aos compostos, resultando em 12 substratos. Como controle utilizou-se um substrato comercial. Os compostos foram caracterizados quanto a teores de nutrientes, pH, condutividade elétrica e agentes patogênicos. Os ensaios de eficiência agronômica dos substratos foram conduzidos em casa de vegetação da Embrapa Clima Temperado, com duração de 50 dias. As variáveis agronômicas avaliadas foram porcentagem de brotação, número de folhas, diâmetro do colo, altura da parte aérea, massa seca da parte aérea e da raiz, relação massa seca da parte aérea e massa seca da raiz e estabilidade de torrão. Os resultados obtidos indicaram que dois compostos orgânicos são aptos para utilização na agricultura de acordo com os limites máximos de agentes patogênicos estabelecidos na legislação. Os substratos a base de compostos orgânicos apresentam respostas agronômicas iguais ou superiores ao substrato comercial, sendo o substrato com 100% de composto orgânico 2 e o substrato com 75% de composto orgânico 2 + 12,5% cinza de casca de arroz + 12,5% casca de arroz carbonizada os que apresentam maior potencial para produção de mudas da espécie estudada.
Ficus Gomelleira Kunth (Moraceae) Ecofisiologia e Prospecção Fitoquímica
Authors: Oliveira Alison Honorio de , Honorio Amanda Oliveira Andrade , Fernandes Priscilla Augusta de Sousa , Brito Fernanda Leite Siebra de , Santos Marcos Aurélio Figueiredo dos , Torquato Isabella Hevily Silva , Costa Natália Cavalcante da , Moreira Mariana de Sousa Moreira , Soares Isabela Alves , Pimenta Wigna Luana de Figueirêdo , Rocha Maria Ivolete Dantas , Silva Maria Arlene Pessoa da
Published: September 2020

Nesta pesquisa foi abordada as atividades alelopáticas, dos extratos das folhas de Ficus gomelleira Kunth (Gameleira) bem como as observações fenológicas e a prospecção fotoquímica das mesmas. Os tratamentos relativos foram relacionados as diluições dos extratos. Os resultados obtidos indicaram que os extratos de Ficus gomelleira, influenciaram de forma negativa o percentual de germinação. O índice de velocidade de germinação (IVG) das sementes de alface também foi alterado de forma negativa; assim como o desenvolvimento dos caulículos e radículas de alface, que também apresentaram uma redução no comprimento. Em relação à fenologia, o brotamento foliar em Ficus gomelleira ocorreu de forma asincrônica por períodos relativamente curtos nos dois anos de observações, independente do padrão de precipitação de chuva. A espécie demostra possuir potenciais alelopáticos relevantes.
Pandemia da Covid-19 e o processo de morte/morrer: reflexões sobre estudantes de enfermagem
Authors: Soares Samira Silva Santos , Almeida Antonio Steffano Silva , De Jesus Lavínia Santos , Carvalho Eloa Carneiro , Varella Thereza Christina Mó y Mó Loureiro , Souza Norma Valéria Dantas de Oliveira
Published: September 2020

Objetivo: Discutir as repercussões da participação de estudantes de enfermagem no combate à pandemia da Covid-19, considerando os enfrentamentos necessários para lidar com o processo de morte e morrer. Método: Trata-se de estudo reflexivo, fundamentado em formulações discursivas que teve como base a leitura crítica de publicações nacionais e internacionais. O texto está organizado em três seções teóricas: I) breve contextualização da pandemia de Covid-19; II) aspectos da formação em enfermagem no Brasil e medidas implementadas durante a pandemia; e III) problemática preexistente: dificuldades dos estudantes de enfermagem em lidar com o processo de morte e morrer. Resultados: o chamamento de estudantes para estágio remunerado e a colação de grau antecipada para reforçar o front de batalha, apesar de servir de experiência/aprendizado, pode colocar em risco a formação dos estudantes, sua saúde física e mental. Também pode comprometer a qualidade da assistência à saúde e a segurança do paciente. Estudantes de enfermagem têm dificuldades para lidar com o processo de morte/morrer e no contexto da pandemia, esses enfrentamentos são necessários e frequentes. Considerações finais: É fundamental refletir sobre as medidas promulgadas pelo Ministério da Saúde (MS) e pelo Ministério da Educação e Cultura (MEC) alertando os estudantes sobre os riscos que estarão expostos quando no cuidado direto a pacientes durante à pandemia, inclusive pela frequente possibilidade de exposição aos processos de morte e morrer. Ademais, tratar sobre o processo de morte/morrer durante o processo formativo é condição fundamental para auxiliar a compreensão desse fenômeno.
Avaliação de uma sequência didática prática e interdisciplinar para o ensino da influência do pH na conservação dos alimentos
Authors: Ferrão Tassiane Dos Santos , Pereira Marcos Vinícius Vieira , Correa Márcio Xavier
Published: September 2020

A complexidade da atuação profissional contemporânea motiva a docência na Educação Profissional e Tecnológica a encontrar formas de integração curricular voltadas a atender os princípios da formação humana no sentido pleno. Nesse sentido, o presente trabalho visa avaliar a viabilidade de uma sequência didática interdisciplinar com experimentos práticos, baseada na resolução de problemas, para a construção de conhecimento sobre a influência do pH na conservação dos alimentos, no âmbito da Rede Federal de Educação Profissional e Tecnológica. A sequência didática foi desenvolvida utilizando atividades práticas com materiais alternativos e equipamentos comuns em laboratórios de alimentos. A proposta foi avaliada por meio de aplicação de questionário a 10 professores de química (Base Curricular Comum) e do Eixo de Produção Alimentícia de Institutos Federais de cinco regiões do Brasil. Os resultados demonstraram que 100% dos professores participantes apresentaram interesse em aplicar a sequência didática proposta em suas aulas. Apesar de algumas instituições possuírem limitações de infraestrutura, a avaliação realizada nessa pesquisa confirmou a viabilidade de aplicação da sequência didática desenvolvida nos cursos da Rede Federal de Educação Profissional e Tecnológica.
Cholinesterase Inhibition and Exposure to Organophosphate Esters in Aircraft Maintenance Workers
Authors: Hardos Jennifer E. , Rubenstein Mitch , Pfahler Sarah , Sleight Trevor
Published: September 2020

INTRODUCTION: Aircraft maintenance workers may be exposed to organophosphates in hydraulic fluid and engine oil. Previous research has indicated that inhalation may not be the primary exposure route. This study sought to measure dermal contact and inhalation in conjunction with
cholinesterase inhibition and determine if Air Force Specialty Code serves as an exposure predictor.METHODS: Aircraft maintenance workers were sampled for changes in acetylcholinesterase and butyrylcholinesterase. Dermal contact was measured using wrist-worn silicone passive dosimeters
and inhalation exposure was measured using thermal desorption tube air sampling.RESULTS: Overall prevalence of any cholinesterase inhibition in the study population was 25.33%. Prevalence of inhibition of acetylcholinesterase and butyrylcholinesterase was 18.67% and 6.67%, respectively.
The mean tributyl phosphate result was 1.71 ng of tributyl phosphate per gram of wristband (ng g1) [95% confidence interval (CI): 5.63, 9.05]. Triphenyl phosphate was more prevalent, with only one sample below the limit of detection (mean 1386.26 ng g1; 95% CI: 7297.78,
10,070.31), and tricresyl phosphate was found in every sample (mean 4311.65 ng g1; 95% CI: 8890.24, 17,512.31). No organophosphates were detected via air sampling.DISCUSSION: Workers experienced organophosphate exposure and cholinesterase inhibition, but the study was
not large enough to establish a statistically significant association between exposure and disease. Exposure to organophosphate esters is more likely to occur through contact and absorption of chemicals through the skin than through inhalation of oil mists. Air Force Specialty Code does not
appear to be a good predictor of exposure to organophosphates. Future studies should consider using a larger sample size.Hardos JE, Rubenstein M, Pfahler S, Sleight T. Cholinesterase inhibition and exposure to organophosphate esters in aircraft maintenance workers. Aerosp Med
Hum Perform. 2020; 91(9):710714.
Retrospective Assessment of U.S. Army Aviator Anthropometric Screening Process
Authors: Moczynski Allison N. , Weisenbach Charles A. , McGhee James S.
Published: September 2020

INTRODUCTION: The current U.S. Army aviator anthropometric screening process for rotary-wing cockpit compatibility was codified over 30 yr ago. Critical to the process are the anthropometric standards that define what is acceptable for U.S. Army flight school applicants. The
purpose of this study was to assess and optimize the efficiency of the standards in screening for anthropometric cockpit compatibility while maintaining safety.METHODS: A retrospective analysis was performed. Anthropometry and disposition data of flight school applicants from 2005
to 2014 were taken from the Aeromedical Electronic Resource Office database to determine efficiency of the process. Data on mishaps from 1972 to 2017 were retrieved from the Risk Management Information System database to determine the safety benchmark of the existing process, to which adjusted
standards would be held. Adjustments to standards were modeled that would more efficiently pass applicants over the period studied without exceeding the established acceptable safety level.RESULTS: There were 40,136 (98.28%) applicants who passed the standards, while 702 (1.72%)
failed. Most (98.52%) applicants who failed the standards and applied for an anthropometry exception to policy (ETP) received one. The models would pass up to 396 (99.25%) applicants who received ETPs without exceeding the established number of mishaps attributable to the anthropometry standards,
which was found to be zero.DISCUSSION: The screening process is efficient and effective, but could be improved. Adjusting the standards could increase process efficiency by passing more applicants during their flight physical and widening the applicant pool, while maintaining the
current level of safety.Moczynski AN, Weisenbach CA, McGhee JS. Retrospective assessment of U.S. Army aviator anthropometric screening process. Aerosp Med Hum Perform. 2020; 91(9):725731.
Aircraft Cabin Pressurization and Concern for Non-Arteritic Anterior Ischemic Optic Neuropathy
Authors: Nazarali Samir , Liu Henry , Syed Maleeha , Wood Terry , Asanad Samuel , Sadun Alfredo A. , Karanjia Rustum
Published: September 2020

BACKGROUND: Cabin pressurization is the process by which aircraft maintain a comfortable and safe environment for passengers flying at high altitudes. At high altitudes, most patients can tolerate changes in pressurization; however, passengers at high risk of hypoxia may experience
ischemic events. The purpose of this study was to evaluate variations in pressurization of commercial aircraft at cruising altitude and describe its relevance in relation to patients with non-arteritic anterior ischemic optic neuropathy (NAION).METHODS: Altimeters were used to measure
altitude and cabin altitude at cruising altitude aboard 113 commercial flights, including 53 narrow-body and 60 wide-body aircraft.RESULTS: Cabin altitude ranged from 4232 ft to 7956 ft at cruising altitudes ranging from 30,000 ft to 41,000 ft. The mean cabin altitude for all flights
was 6309 876 ft. Narrow-body aircraft had a significantly higher mean cabin altitude (6739 829 ft) compared to wide-body aircraft (5929 733 ft). For all flights, the mean cruising altitude was 35,369 2881 ft with narrow-body aircraft cruising at a lower altitude of 34,238 2389 ft compared
to wide-body aircraft at 36,369 2925 ft. Newer generation aircraft had a mean cabin altitude of 6066 837 ft, which was lower than the mean cabin altitude of older aircraft (6616 835 ft).DISCUSSION: Innovation in flight design has offered the ability for aircraft to fly at greater
altitudes while maintaining lower cabin altitude. Those at high risk of hypoxia-induced complications may consider aircraft type when air travel is required.Nazarali S, Liu H, Syed M, Wood T, Asanad S, Sadun AA, Karanjia R. Aircraft cabin pressurization and concern for non-arteritic
anterior ischemic optic neuropathy. Aerosp Med Hum Perform. 2020; 91(9):715719.
Vitamin B12 Deficiency Related Syncope in a Young Military Pilot
Authors: Hesselbrock Roger R. , Palileo Edwin V. , Davenport Eddie D.
Published: September 2020

BACKGROUND: Syncope and near-syncope are commonly encountered symptoms. Many cases are situationally specific or otherwise benign, with no adverse aeromedical implications. Autonomic dysfunction can produce orthostatic intolerance with resultant symptoms and is aeromedically
concerning for potential occurrence in flight. Vitamin B12 deficiency is an insidious condition with protean manifestations, which can present with autonomic dysfunction. Neurological abnormalities are often reversible following adequate replacement.CASE REPORT: We describe a case
of vitamin B12 deficiency in a pilot with atypical syncope and abnormal tilt-table testing who had progressively abnormal hematologic findings on review. He was also discovered to have intrinsic factor antibodies. After B12 replacement, he had normal cardiovascular response to exercise stress
testing and an unremarkable centrifuge assessment.DISCUSSION: This case highlights the importance of recognizing subtle laboratory findings and serial laboratory data review in cases of atypical syncope to identify potential reversible etiologies.Hesselbrock RR, Palileo EV,
Davenport ED. Vitamin B12 deficiency related syncope in a young military pilot. Aerosp Med Hum Perform. 2020; 91(9):746748.
Redux Online Webinar 2: Money and Mission
Authors: Berkery Peter , Watkinson Charles , Quinn Lisa , Pleace Ian
Published: September 2020

University presses have served two masters arguably since Cambridge began printing bibles, and certainly since Johns Hopkins’ first president included us among a university’s “noblest duties” in 1878. We are unique among our higher education colleagues in having one foot firmly in the academy and the other firmly in the marketplace. While presses generally have balanced these oft-competing demands, new pressure points are emerging. As technology offers new ways to deliver content and new ways to measure engagement … as traditional business models struggle under the combined weight of changed buying patterns and broader pressures on the higher education finances … is it time to ask: are we still measuring the right things? In this panel, diverse perspectives weigh in on how university presses might think about balancing mission and money going forward. Recording of a live webinar held on 21 May 2020 as part of the Redux Online series.
Amplification test and selection of markers analogue to resistance genes in species and commercial varieties of Passiflora spp.
Authors: Souza Larissa Neres Barbosa de , Dias Nátilla Deyse Souza Costa , Santana Vandrick de Oliveira , Silveira Lucas Amorim , Meira Messulan Rodrigues , Santos Elisa Susilene Lisboa , Faleiro Fábio Gelape , Cerqueira-Silva Carlos Bernard Moreno
Published: September 2020

Brazil is highlighted as the largest producer and consumer of passion fruit (Passiflora) and holder of representative biodiversity. Studies dedicated to the genetic characterization of the genus in order to understand the existing diversity are important for the advancement of genetic improvement and conservation programs. The aim of this study was to select combinations of RGA (Resistance Genes Analogs) primers for commercial passion fruit species and varieties. To this end, amplification tests were performed on a PCR platform in 17 combinations of RGA primers for eight species and 12 commercial varieties of passion fruit from the Banco Ativo de Germoplasma Flor da Paixão. All combinations of primers have generated amplification products in at least one of the Passiflora samples. The number of combinations that generated amplification products varied from seven to 12 in the species and from three to eight in the varieties. Three to 12 combinations generated amplification products for the samples, emphasizing that the RGA markers were efficient in accessing genomic loci in the species and varieties of passion fruit. The variation of efficient combinations in each of the species and varieties attested to the importance of this research in the preliminary stages of genetic studies as auxiliary tools in conservation and genetic improvement programs. However, this study made it possible to identify combinations of primers to be prioritized in inter and intraspecific genetic characterizations of passion fruit.
Characterization and Analysis of Anthocyanin-Related Genes in Wild-Type Blueberry and the Pink-Fruited Mutant Cultivar ‘Pink Lemonade’: New Insights into Anthocyanin Biosynthesis
Authors: Die Jose V. , Jones Richard W. , Ogden Elizabeth L. , Ehlenfeldt Mark K. , Rowland Lisa J.
Published: September 2020

Blueberries are one of the richest sources of antioxidants, such as anthocyanins, among fruits and vegetables. Anthocyanin mutants, like the pink-fruited cultivar ‘Pink Lemonade’, are valuable resources for investigating anthocyanin biosynthesis in blueberries. In this study, we examined expression of flavonoid pathway genes during fruit development in wild-type, blue-fruited blueberries using quantitative real-time PCR. Expression was also compared between wild-type and the pink-fruited ‘Pink Lemonade’. This revealed significantly lower expression in ‘Pink Lemonade’ than in wild-type of nearly all the structural genes examined suggesting that a transcriptional regulator of the pathway was affected. Hence, we compared expression of three known regulatory genes and found that the gene encoding the transcription factor MYB1 was expressed at a significantly lower level in ‘Pink Lemonade’ than in the wild-type. To validate the capacity of this MYB1 to regulate the transcription of anthocyanin genes in blueberries, a transient expression assay was conducted. Results indicated MYB1 overexpression enhanced anthocyanin production. Comparative sequence analysis between wild-type and mutant MYB1 variants found differences in highly conserved features suggesting a mechanistic explanation for the mutant phenotype. Collectively, the results presented here contribute to a better understanding of mechanisms regulating anthocyanin biosynthesis in Vaccinium.
Partial Root-Zone Drying and Deficit Irrigation Effect on Growth, Yield, Water Use and Quality of Greenhouse Grown Grafted Tomato
Authors: Urlić Branimir , Runjić Marko , Mandušić Marija , Žanić Katja , Vuletin Selak Gabriela , Matešković Ana , Dumičić Gvozden
Published: September 2020

The tomato is an important horticultural crop, the cultivation of which is often under influence of abiotic and biotic stressors. Grafting is a technique used to alleviate these problems. Shortage of water has stimulated the introduction of new irrigation methods: deficit irrigation (DI) and partial root-zone drying (PRD). This study was conducted in two spring–summer season experiments to evaluate the effects of three irrigation regimes: full irrigation (FI), PRD and DI on vegetative growth, leaf gas-exchange parameters, yield, water-use efficiency (WUE), nutrients profile and fruit quality of grafted tomatoes. In both years, the commercial rootstocks Emperador and Maxifort were used. In the first year, the scion cultivar Clarabella was grown on one stem and in the second year the cultivar Attiya was grown on two stems. Self-grafted cultivars were grown as a control. In both experiments, higher vegetative traits (leaf area and number, height, shoot biomass) were recorded in tthe plants grafted on commercial rootstocks. The stomatal conductance and transpiration rate were higher under FI. Under DI, transpiration was lowest and photosynthetic WUE was highest. Photosynthetic rate changed between irrigation treatments depending on plant type. In both years, the total yield was highest in grafted plants as result of more and bigger fruits per plant. In the 2nd year, grafted plants under FI had higher yield compared to PRD, but not to DI, while self-grafted plants did not differ between irrigation treatments. WUE was highest in DI and PRD treatments and in grafted plants. Leaf N, P, K and Ca was highest in tthe plants grafted on Emperador and Maxifort, while more Mg was measured in self-grafted plants. More Ca and Mg were recorded in tthe plants under DI and PRD. Fruit mineral concentrations were higher in tthe plants grafted on commercial rootstocks. Total soluble solids differed between irrigation regarding plant types, while fruit total acidity was higher in Emperador and Maxifort. In conclusion, our study showed that grafted plants could be grown under DI with minor yield reduction with 30–40% less water used for irrigation. Moderate DI could be used before PRD for cultivation of grafted tomato and double stemmed plants did not show negative effect on tomato yield so it can be used as standard under reduced irrigation.
Isolates of the Nematophagous Fungus Pochonia chlamydosporia Are Endophytic in Banana Roots and Promote Plant Growth
Authors: Mingot-Ureta Cristina , Lopez-Moya Federico , Lopez-Llorca Luis Vicente
Published: September 2020

The biocontrol fungus Pochonia chlamydosporia colonizes banana roots endophytically. Root hairs and root surface were colonized by a stable GFP (green fluorescent protein) transformant of the fungus. Hyphal penetration in root cells was also observed. Spores of P. chlamydosporia 123, significantly increase root and leaf length and weight in banana plantlets (Musa acuminata cv. ‘Dwarf Cavendish’) in growth chamber experiments 30 days post-inoculation. In greenhouse 8-L pot experiments, P. chlamydosporia 123 spore inoculation significantly increases root, corm and leaf length, and leaf weight in banana plants (75 days post-inoculation). Spore inoculation of P. chlamydosporia strains from diverse origin (Pc21, Pc123, Pc399, and Pccat), significantly increase root, corm and leaf length and weight in banana plantlets. Pc21 from Italy was the best colonizer of banana roots. Consequently, this strain significantly increases banana root and leaf length most. Root colonization by P. chlamydosporia was also detected using cultural techniques and qPCR.