bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Forehand and Backhand Tennis Exercises: Study Literature Review
Authors: Jatra Rices , Alnedral  , Firdaus Kamal
Published: May 2023

Study purpose. The sport of tennis is one of the most popular branches globally and there are various techniques in hitting tennis. The purpose of this article review is to find out about exercises to improve groundstroke ability in tennis in Indonesia. The research method uses a literature review (Study Literature Review).
Materials and methods. The article selection model is often carried out using the prism flow diagram method. As many as 20 National Journal articles used as references in writing.
Results. Based on the results of the analysis of the data obtained, it states that footwork and tennis court drills can improve the ability of groundstroke forheand and backhand accuracy in court tennis. This research can be categorized as having a very high success rate.
Conclusion. The conclusion of this study is that footwork exercises and tennis court drills can improve groundstroke accuracy forehand and backhand in the very good category, and are also supported by several exercises or other training methods.
Survei Motivasi Masyarakat Kota Bima Mengikuti Kegiatan Olahraga Rekreasi Di Era New Normal
Authors: Satriawan Rabwan , Amar Khairul , Irawan Ewan , Fitriani Ainun , Bagus Endrawan I
Published: May 2023

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui motivasi masyarakat Kota Bima mengikuti aktivitas olahraga rekreasi di Taman Amahami pada era new normal. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian kuantitatif dengan pendekatan survey. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah semua masyarakat Kota Bima yang hadir dalam aktivitas olahraga rekreasi di Taman Amahami pada era new normal, dan pengambilan sampel penelitian ini menggunakan metode random sampling dengan jumlah 100 sampel. Teknik pengumpulan data penelitian ini menggunakan metode angket, dengan menggunakan instrumen angket motivasi olahraga. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa motivasi masyarakat Kota Bima untuk melakukan aktivitas olahraga rekreasi pada era new normal tergolong tinggi, terbukti dengan presentase hasil penelitian menunjukkan angka 85% dari 100 responden memiliki motivasi tinggi, sedangkan 15% memiliki  motivasi sedang, dan 0% motivasi rendah. Simpulan dari penelitian ini adalah motivasi masyarakat Kota Bima untuk melakukan aktivitas olahraga rekreasi pada era new normal tergolong tinggi. Saran dalam penelitian ini untuk Pemerintah Kota Bima agar bisa memberi ruang dan mendukung aktivitas olahraga rekreasi masyarakat di berbagai wilayah Kota Bima.
Impact of Tax Structure Dynamics, Human Resource Development and Distribution of Income on Economic Growth of Pakistan
Authors: Khan Farman Ullah , Babar Niamatullah Khan , Rehman Abdur
Published: May 2023

This study is carried out to investigate the impact of taxes on the economic growth of Pakistan. Tax is a compulsory payment to the government by the residents of the nation to cover the cost of services rendered by the government for the general welfare of its citizens.  The debate and empirical results regarding the impact of taxes and specifically tax structure is highly controversial for researchers and policymakers. Economic growth is adversely affected by taxes, while some researchers claim a positive effect. Therefore it was felt to investigate the impact of tax structure on the economic growth of Pakistan. To test it empirically, the researcher took the time series data ranges from 1985 to 2021 on tax structure and economic growth. GDP growth is dependent, while tax structure, i.e., direct and indirect taxes, human development index, and income distribution, were selected as independent variables. After ensuring that the variables are stationary, the Autoregressive Distributive Lag (ARDL) approach to co-integration was applied to detect connections between variables. Results found that direct taxes have a positive and significant effect on GDP growth, while indirect taxes have a significant and negative impact on the GDP growth of Pakistan. Also, the impact of HDI on GDP growth is positive and significant, while the Gini coefficient has a negative and significant impact on the GDP growth of Pakistan. It is suggested that to increase the economic growth of Pakistan, direct taxes would be increased, as it will also reduce the Gini coefficient and unequal income distribution, While indirect taxes would be decreased to enhance economic growth. Also, the government should adopt such policies which could encourage human development, as it is crucial for the economic development of Pakistan.
Determinants of Customer Satisfaction: The Moderating Role of Switching Cost towards Customer Loyalty in B2B Packaged Food Retail Setting
Authors: Iqbal Asif , Hasan Muhammad Amin , Bukhari Syed Farrukh , Ramish Muhammad Sufyan
Published: May 2023

Loyal customers are committed to repeat patronage, making business referrals, and providing publicity for the business. However, rising customer expectations and price consciousness, advancement of technology, lack of product differentiation, and consumer choices have posted more challenges for customer retention. This paper examines the determinants of customer satisfaction in a business-to-business (B2B) packaged food retail setting, with a particular focus on the moderating role of switching cost towards customer loyalty. Using a survey-based approach, data was collected from 382 respondents who were customers of B2B packaged food retailers in Pakistan. The results of the study indicate that product quality, service quality, and price are significant determinants of customer satisfaction. Furthermore, the study finds that switching cost moderates the relationship between customer satisfaction and customer loyalty. In addition, the results show that switching cost has a significant positive effect on customer loyalty, indicating that customers are more likely to remain loyal to a retailer if the switching cost is higher. The study implies that retailers should focus on providing high-quality products and services at fair prices to enhance customer satisfaction and which leads to customer loyalty. Moreover, retailers should consider implementing switching costs strategies to enhance customer loyalty in the B2B packaged food retail setting. The findings of this study have important implications for the development of effective customer satisfaction and loyalty strategies in the B2B packaged food retail industry.
Constitutive modeling of the magnetic-dependent nonlinear dynamic behavior of isotropic magnetorheological elastomers
Authors: Wang Bochao , Li Yan , Pang Haoming , Xu Zhenbang , Gong Xinglong ,   CAS Key Laboratory of Mechanical Behavior and Design of Materials, Department of Modern Mechanics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230027,  China,   CAS Key Laboratory of On-orbit Manufacturing and Integration for Space, Optics System, Changchun Institute of Optics, Fine Mechanics and Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130033, China
Published: May 2023

Isotropic magnetorheological elastomers (MREs) are smart materials fabricated by embedding magnetizable particles randomly into a polymer matrix. Under a magnetic field, its modulus changes rapidly, reversibly, and continuously, offering wide application potential in the vibration control area. Experimental observations show that there is a strong frequency, strain amplitude, and magnetic dependence of the dynamic behavior of isotropic MRE. Although important for potential applications, the magnetic-dependent nonlinear dynamic behavior of isotropic MRE has received little theoretical attention. To accurately evaluate the dynamic performance of isotropic MRE and to guide the design of isotropic MRE-based products, a new constitutive model based on continuum mechanics theory is developed to depict the magnetic-dependent nonlinear dynamic behavior of isotropic MRE. Subsequently, the numerical implementation algorithm is developed, and the prediction ability of the model is examined. The model provides a deeper understanding of the underlying mechanics of the magnetic-dependent nonlinear viscoelastic behavior of isotropic MRE. Furthermore, the model can be utilized to predict the magnetomechanical coupling behavior of isotropic MRE and therefore serves as a useful platform to promote the design and application of isotropic MRE-based devices.
THE ESSENTIALS OF SUPPLY CHAIN MANAGEMENT & LOGISTICS
Authors: Ganesh Dr. K. , Beharay Dr. Ambar , Yadav Mukesh Kumar , Kumawat Dr. Subhita
Published: May 2023

This book provides a thorough introduction to logistics and supply chain management, delving into fundamental concepts along the way as well as guiding principles and common approaches. This course is designed to be beneficial to both students and working professionals who are interested in gaining a theoretical and practical understanding of logistics and supply chain management because it has been tailored to meet the needs of both student and working professionals. The book touches on a wide range of subjects, including logistics information systems, transportation, inventory management, warehousing, and distribution, to name just a few of them. In addition to that, the book delves into the process of purchasing goods and services. Beginning with an overview of logistics and supply chain management, the book then moves on to each of the most important components in turn. The book is organized in a way that is both understandable and logical. Every chapter includes a summary of the most significant points, review questions, and reference readings that illustrate the most significant concepts and procedures.
HUMAN RESOURCE MANAGEMENT IN SERVICE SECTOR
Authors: AMALAN.A Dr. DOMINIC , VEMURI Dr. VEENA PRASAD , THARANGINI Dr. P.S.SELVA , SIVAKUMAR Dr. B.
Published: May 2023

The book is written in a straightforward and succinct manner, and it provides a large number of examples to both illustrate and emphasize the various ideas and theories discussed. In addition to this, it provides a glossary, an extensive reference list, and a list of key terms, all of which are designed to make further reading and education more accessible. We have high hopes that this book will be an invaluable resource for anyone who wants to advance their understanding and application of human resource management (HRM) in the service sector, as well as make a contribution to the growth of this vital area of research and professional application.
منهج الإمام ابن حزم والإمام ابن تيمية في نقد عقيدة التثليث عند النصارى
Authors: Alaka Murtadha لطيفة ايوكومي الاكا مرتضي
Published: May 2023

This article aims to discuss the methodology adopted by two prominent Muslim scholar’s īmām ibn ḥazam and īmām ibn taīmīaẗ in criticizing the so called faith of the trinity of gods in Christianity, which is a semantic religion based on the creed of the oneness of God. Imam ibn ḥazam is one of the first Muslim scholars in the early stages, who presented a critical study of the beliefs of Christianity. Because the Muslims were the first to make rules for the comparative study of different religions, and ibn ḥazam has precedence in the sense that he has worked very closely in the light of these rules.  He is considered a fair personality in Islamic history to his opponents, because he has directly analyzed basic sources of other religions and criticized it on a solid basis without fabrication or any false Statements, therefore, his book al-milal wa al-naḥal is a source of comparative study of religions. In the same way, īmām ibn taīmīaẗ has been one of the renowned scholars, jurists, and experts of the theology of his time, he has talked about the doctrine of the trinity in many of his works. That is why I have chosen this topic so that the work of these two important academic figures can be explained about the belief in the Trinity and the style of criticism in the scholarly traditions of Islam should be brought to the fore.
Experience and Satisfaction of the Elderly with Healthcare Services in Selected Primary Healthcare Centres in Lagos
Authors: Akodu B.A. , Omotade M.O. , Oluwole E.O. , Bakre A.T. , Abiola A.O. , Makinde A.V.
Published: May 2023

Background: The proportion of the aging population is rapidly increasing and is a serious cause for concern in developing countries. Unmet healthcare need of the elderly increases the severity of illness and mortality. Patient satisfaction with healthcare services depends on people’s expectations in addition to their experiences. The only way to meet up with clients’ demand and retain them is by constant measurement of their experiences. Objective: To determine the experience and satisfaction with healthcare services among the elderly in selected Primary Healthcare (PHC) centres in Lagos. Methods: A cross sectional study was carried out on 207 elderly patients attending selected PHC centres in Lagos State from June 2018 to August 2018. A multistage simple random sampling technique was used to select respondents and data was collected with the aid of modified SERVQUAL questionnaires to determine the expectation and perception of the quality of service received by the elderly patients at the PHC centres and the overall level of satisfaction with healthcare services provided by the PHC centres based on their willingness to come back and their recommendations to family/friends. This measured both the expectation before service and perception of the quality of care received with a 5-point Likert scale; strongly agree, agree, uncertain, disagree and strongly disagree, with strongly agree being scored as 5 being highest and strongly disagree 1. The average was calculated for each dimension of service. The gap score was calculated by subtracting the expectation score (E) from the perception (P) score for each component of the dimension of quality. The obtained data was analysed with SPSS version 20 software. Results: The service quality gap scores were negative across all the five domains employed in the study. The widest gap occurred in responsiveness and tangibility with -1.1 respectively, followed by reliability and empathy (–1.0) and assurance (–0.8). There was statistically significant difference between the expectations and perception in the five dimensions of service quality employed (p<0.05). A proportion of 55.6% of the respondents perceived service quality as high while 93% would like to come back and 93.7% would be willing to recommend health services to family and friends. Conclusion: The expectation of the respondents was higher than their perception thereby giving a negative SERVQUAL outcome. However, majority of the respondents still indicated that they were satisfied with the quality of care received despite not meeting their expectation.
Oral Health Assessment, Oral Hygiene Practices and Psychological State among the Elderly in General Practice Setting in Lagos, Nigeria
Authors: Akodu B.A. , Odunlami T.O. , Oluwole E.O. , Bakre A.T. , Baiyeroju I.O. , Olokodana-Adesalu O.A.
Published: May 2023

Background: The elderly is the most neglected group in our community and are prone to dental problems. Mortality from ten leading causes of death among elderly in sub-Sahara Africa can be traced to poor oral hygiene among elderly. Extensive tooth loss impairs chewing efficiency and restricts social contact. Poor oral hygiene inhibits intimacy and may lower self-esteem. It may also affect speech which in turn limits social interaction leading to depression and stress. Objective: This paper examines oral hygiene and psychological state of the elderly. Methods: This was an analytical cross-sectional study, conducted among 294 elderly patients. Systematic sampling technique was used to recruit respondents. Data was collected using interviewer administered World Health Organisation (WHO) Oral Health Questionnaires. The elderly patients were also assessed using a Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale (DASS-21). Data obtained was analysed using IBM SPSS version 23. Inferential analysis and logistic regression were used to establish the relationship between anxiety, depression, stress and oral health practices. Level of significance was defined at 95% confidence interval (p<0.05). Results: Respondents with 20 or more natural teeth were less likely to have a significant level of anxiety when compared to those with less than 20 (OR = 0.706, p = 0.528). Respondents with frequent tooth brushing of less than twice a day were 3 times less likely to have a significant level of anxiety when compared to those with brushing frequency of more than or equal to twice a day (OR = 0.345, p = 0.001). Respondents with more than or equal to 20 natural teeth were twice less likely to have a significant level of depression when compared to those with less than 20 natural teeth (OR = 0.455, p = 0.264). Respondents with removable dentures in lower/upper teeth were thrice more likely to have significant anxiety when compared with those without removable dentures (OR = 3.445, p = 0.105). Conclusion: Oral health was associated with psychological state in the elderly. The number of natural teeth, removable dentures and frequency of tooth brushing were associated with depression and anxiety in the elderly.
Overview of the Implementation of Quality Management System in Nigerian Medical Laboratories
Authors: Nwaokorie F. O. , Ojo E. A
Published: May 2023

Background: Quality Management System (QMS) is implemented in laboratory medicine to ensure that accurate, precise and timely results are achieved with the overall goal being to accomplish patients’ satisfaction. Through QMS, laboratories achieve competence in technical ability and ensure that active quality management of professional services and those of personnel are maintained with or without the ultimate aim of obtaining accreditation. Objective: To provide information on status, in-country structures, challenges and prospect of quality management system, and its implementation in Nigerian Medical Laboratories. Materials and Methods: Published literature, online reports and websites related to the implementation of laboratory QMS, accreditation and WHO/AFRO Strengthening Laboratory Management towards Accreditation and Stepwise Laboratory Quality Improvement Process towards Accreditation SLMTA/SLIPTA programme. Results: Quality Management System is relatively new in Nigerian medical laboratories as only a few are accredited. Majority of the facilities implementing QMS are those involved in diagnosis, management and surveillance of Human Immunodeficiency Virus/Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (HIV/AIDS) and tuberculosis. QMS is mostly implemented in Nigeria through WHO AFRO SLMTA/SLIPTA programme. This has brought about improved and sustained quality management. Factors such as poor infrastructure, climate extremes, financial constraints, gaps in capacity building, lack of equipment and consumables, and dedicated and motivated personnel have been challenges. Major strength is in implementing the twelve quality essential elements and International Organization of Standardization (ISO) 15189 clauses are facility and safety, while documents and record, internal audits, as well as occurrence management is quite challenging. Aspiring laboratories need to start gradually and strongly advocating for management support, connect to national regulations and also participate in External Quality Assurance (EQA) programmes. Others are to observe and understand the local scene, find support and allies, keep documents and communication simple and straightforward and learn from previous mistakes. Laboratory personnel should imbibe positive behavioural change to promote quality in practice, be creative, with the ability to identify and adapt to local solutions, stimulate ownership and create a positive climate. Conclusion: Awareness has been created but more needs to be done for laboratory personnel to understand the processes involved, as well as ways to handle challenges and implement Quality Management System. Intensified efforts are needed to enrol private and public facilities involved in hospital based patient care.
Indigenous food systems and food sovereignty: A collaborative conversation from the American Association of Geographers 2022 Annual Meeting
Authors: Brant Suzanne , Williams Keith , Andrews Jesse , Hammelmann Colleen , Levkoe Charles
Published: May 2023

Indigenous scholars and their allies increasingly contribute to food systems debates and practices through pursuing and interrogating ideas of Indigenous food sovereignty. This essay adds to this ongoing conversation by providing a synthesis of and reflection on a panel session on Indigenous food sovereignty held at the American Association of Geographers (AAG) 2022 Annual Meeting. We place this conversation in the context of a growing body of scholarship on food sovereignty and Indigenous food systems. Organized by the AAG’s Geographies of Food and Agriculture Specialty Group, with support from the Journal of Agriculture, Food Systems and Community Development, the session engaged Indigenous scholars in a discussion about the meaning of food sovereignty, different ways of knowing, relationships and reciprocity, and systems of power. The panelists emphasized the relation­ship between all elements of creation at the core of food sovereignty, the importance of valuing differ­ent ways of knowing and expertise, making visible histories of settler knowledge appropriation, and critically assessing how power manifests, operates, and is understood in different food systems and worldviews. Building on the scholarly literature and the evolving place-based grounding of food sover­eignty movements, we argue that it is critical to address ongoing realities of genocide and settler colonialism in North America/Turtle Island by forging respectful relationships with all of creation and to work through collaborations led by Indigenous people and grounded in reciprocity.
Trabalho da equipe de enfermagem do bloco cirúrgico: riscos de danos à saúde
Authors: Moreira de Mello Thainá , Rodrigues Luane Luz Barth , Helena Glanzner Cecília
Published: May 2023

Objetivo: Analisar os riscos de danos à saúde relacionados ao trabalho da equipe de enfermagem no bloco cirúrgico de um hospital universitário do Sul do Brasil. Métodos: Estudo transversal com abordagem quantitativa. Os dados foram coletados entre os meses de novembro de 2017 e janeiro de 2018, por meio da aplicação de um instrumento de pesquisa com os trabalhadores da equipe de enfermagem do bloco cirúrgico de um hospital universitário. Os dados foram submetidos à análise estatística. Resultados: Constatou-se que 85,4% eram mulheres, com idade média de 47,7 anos. Referente aos danos psicológicos relacionados ao trabalho, 91,5% apresentaram baixo risco e 8,5% apresentaram risco médio. Quanto aos danos sociais, 87,5% apresentaram baixo risco e 10,4% apresentaram risco médio. Quanto aos danos físicos, 29,2% apresentaram alto risco, 35,4% apresentaram risco médio e 33,3% apresentaram baixo risco. Conclusões: Observou-se risco alto e médio para danos físicos relacionados ao trabalho, evidenciando a necessidade de intervenções que visem à prevenção do adoecimento dos trabalhadores.
THE EFFECT AND SAFETY OF BERBERINE ON POLYCYSTIC OVARY SYNDROME : A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW
Authors: Ratu Alicia Dea Nabila
Published: May 2023

The isoquinoline derivative alkaloid known as berberine (BBB) can be found in the Chinese medicinal herbs Coptidis Rhizoma (Huanglian), Cortex Phellodendri (Huangbai), and Hydrastis Canadensis. These three plants are also the sources of berberine. Since the time when Iranians' ancestors first settled the region, they have made advantage of the unique features that B. vulgaris contains and have done so ever since. For instance, the dried fruits of this plant have been used as an ingredient in food. Additionally, the root, bark, leaf, and fruit of this plant have all been widely exploited as a folk medicine for the treatment of a wide variety of ailments. According to study that was carried out in both vitro and in vivo, it was recently discovered that berberine possesses the potential to reduce glucose levels in people who are afflicted with diabetes and obesity. The precise method by which berberine is able to treat diabetes is not fully understood at this time. In the research that Ko and his colleagues conducted, they found that berberine enhanced the insulin/insulin-like growth factor-1 signaling cascade in Min6 cells, which led to an increase in the amount of insulin that was produced in response to glucose stimulation. Pregnancy rates improved with BBR medication only among infertile women who had taken BBR prior to undergoing IVF, as shown by other studies; this was not the case for all infertile women. Other studies indicated that this was not the case. PCOS women who were treated with BBR saw improvements in their hormonal profile, menstrual cycle, and WHR. Only in infertile women who utilized BBR prior to undergoing IVF did BBB show successful in improving pregnancy rates. The BBR was secure. The findings should be treated with some degree of caution due to the limited amount of study and the size of the sample.
PROBIOTICS FOR INFANTILE COLIC : A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW
Authors: Ratu Alicia Dea Nabila
Published: May 2023

Colic in infants is a self-limiting ailment; nonetheless, it can be unpleasant for parents and tough for doctors to treat. Approximately 20% of infants suffer from infantile colic, which typically reaches its peak between 5 and 6 weeks of age. The challenge for the medical staff is in making an accurate diagnosis and coming up with a treatment plan for the ailment. In order to give doctors with a full grasp of the problem, current advancements, and future possibilities, the purpose of this review article is to outline the pathophysiology of infantile colic, as well as the treatment choices and prognosis for the condition. There are a few potential treatments for infantile colic, the most prominent of which is the use of probiotics, specifically lactobacillus. The most compelling evidence in support of probiotics comes from the prevention or treatment of these five conditions: necrotizing enterocolitis, acute infectious diarrhea, acute respiratory tract infections, antibiotic-associated diarrhea, and newborn colic. Inhibition of bacterial adhesion, improvement of mucosal barrier function, manipulation of both the innate and adaptive immune systems, release of bioactive metabolites, and control of the enteric and central nervous systems are some of the mechanisms of action that probiotics exhibit.
A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW ON DROPOUT OF INFERTILITY TREATMENTS AND RELATED FACTORS
Authors: Ratu Alicia Dea Nabila
Published: May 2023

Infertility occurs when a couple has been unable to produce a child for a period of at least one year while engaging in regular sexual activity and not using any kind of birth control. In addition, the pair must not have used any form of contraception during that time period. Fecundity is defined as a woman's ability to carry a pregnancy to full term without experiencing complications. Studies conducted on populations indicate that the probability of a woman becoming pregnant at any given month ranges between 20 and 25 percent overall. It is difficult to compare dropout rates across different facilities and nations due to factors such as the expense of infertility treatments, the regulations that control payment, and the accessibility of these therapies. The overwhelming majority of fertility specialists are obsessed with the outcomes of therapy and the success rates of their patients, but they frequently ignore or forget about the "invisible" individuals who withdraw from treatment. There is a lack of clarity regarding the causes and factors that lead individuals to quit focusing on their relationships. Many married couples find that they are better off financially if they choose to forego having any more children. During the period of mourning that is linked with an inability to produce children, undergoing at least one cycle of in vitro fertilization (IVF) may be performed as a "ritual." Several studies have found a correlation between dropout and a number of factors, some of which are as follows: emotional factors, communication issues, delaying treatment, physical and psychological burden, personal problems, refusal to accept treatment, problems related to the infertility organization and clinics, marital issues, age of women, number of previous births, previous unsuccessful treatments, poor treatment prognosis, child adoption, spontaneous pregnancy, and lack of insurance coverage are among the factors that have been found.
Arbitragem em futebol como um projeto profissional de mulheres
Authors: Monteiro Igor Chagas , Pires Bárbara Aparecida Bepler , Novais Mariana Cristina Borges , Mourão Ludmila
Published: May 2023

Esta pesquisa objetiva compreender os caminhos percorridos pelas árbitras a partir de seus projetos profissionais, barreiras e oportunidades encontradas no campo. A metodologia de abordagem qualitativa seguiu a linha de história oral temática, tendo sido entrevistadas 11 árbitras de futebol em atividade no Brasil. Os resultados apontaram que as árbitras desconstroem diferentes barreiras para se manterem presentes no campo e efetivarem seus projetos. Deste modo, suas carreiras caracterizam-se pelo chamado modelo sem fronteiras, que consideram uma construção não linear. Os projetos profissionais caracterizaram-se, principalmente, pela busca da satisfação pessoal e profissional.
FACTORS INFLUENCING FERTILITY IN LAPAROSCOPIC ARTIFICIAL INSEMINATION IN SHEEP.
Authors: Bergstein-Galan Tacia Gomes , Weiss Romildo Romualdo , Camargo Carlos Eduardo , Kozicki Luiz Ernandes
Published: May 2023

Fertility following artificial insemination (AI) programs in sheep is affected by many variables. The aim of this study was to identify extrinsic (year, season), intrinsic (age and breed) and AI procedure related (number of AIs, synchronization protocols, semen preservation method) factors that influence fertility after laparoscopic AI in sheep. Data from 159 laparoscopic AI procedures were categorized according to year (from 2013 to 2017), season (Winter, Spring, Summer and Autumn), breed (Dorper, White Dorper, Texel, Cross-breed), age in months (≤12, 13-24, 25-36, 37-48, ≥49), estrus synchronization protocol (short-term or long-term), cumulative number of AIs (1 to 4) and semen preservation method (frozen or fresh). Frequency analysis using chi-square test was used. Year, age, number of AIs and synchronization protocols did not influence fertility after laparoscopic AI in sheep. Fertility was higher (P<0.05) in sheep inseminated in spring (64.28%) and summer (54.16%) when compared to winter (36.92%) and autumn (32.14%). Dorper breed fertility (58.02%) was higher (P<0.05) than White dorper (25%) and Cross-breed (30.23%). There was a lower (P<0.05) pregnancy rate in sheep inseminated with frozen semen (38.27%) than sheep inseminated with fresh semen (53.84%). In conclusion, season, breed and semen preservation method can influence fertility in sheep after laparoscopic AI.
MORFOMETRIA OVARIANA APLICADA AO USO DE QUIMIOESTERILIZANTE EM CADELAS E GATAS
Authors: Gonzalez dos Santos Bruna , Maldonado Gomes Etiele , Maximiliano Dutra Carlos , De Arruda Mistieri Maria Ligia
Published: May 2023

To achieve success in stray animals’ population control strategies, alternative methods to surgical castration, which reaches a greater number of animals, have been studied. However, considering females, it is necessary to know adequate volumes of chemosterilizer to be injected into the ovary and biological factors that influence ovarian volumetry. This study aims to determine the volume of 20% calcium chloride solution diluted in 95% ethanol to inject into the ovary of bitches and queens. Furthermore, correlations between ovarian measures (length [L], width [W], height [H], and volume) and body mass, age, and the volume of injected chemosterilizer were analyzed. For this, 64 ovaries, collected after elective ovariohysterectomy, received an injection of the solution. Ovarian measures were performed pre-injection and post-injection, and volume was calculated using Lambert's empirical formula, the formula for an ellipsoid, and the formula for spherical prolate. The mean ± standard error of the chemosterilant volume injected in the ovary was 0.09 ± 0.02 mL for bitches and 0.10 ± 0.02 mL for queens; ovaries’ width obtained a strong correlation with the injected volume; age showed a correlation to chemosterilant volume for both species and ovarian volume of queens; and body mass showed a correlation to ovarian measurements, ovarian volume e injected volume for bitches. Lambert's empirical formula and ellipsoid formula were more reliable for this assessment and respectively demonstrate an increase of 33% and 24% in ovarian volume in bitches post-injection; and 27% and 22% in queens post-injection.
A histopathological description of Amblyomma sculptum attachment site on the skin of a mare at different moments
Authors: Nogueira Bárbara Cristina Félix , Ervilha Luiz Otávio Guimarães , Cassiano Liara De Azevedo , Campos Artur Kanadani
Published: May 2023

Ticks’ saliva presents immunomodulatory activity and cause several tissue changes at the attachment site on the host's skin. Here, we compare different moments of the skin of a Mangalarga Marchador mare before, during and after tick attachment. On the skin with a fixed tick, we observed inflammatory infiltrate, degranulated mast cells, areas with an absence of nucleus and presence of pyknotic nuclei, type I collagen bundles are quite thick around the tick's hypostome, fibrotic process, and the occurrence of cell death by necrosis. In the skin after the tick detached, we observed a complete loss of the structure of the extracellular matrix due to the formation of edema of the inflammatory exudate, a large presence of eosinophils and macrophages, new blood vessels, and dilated vessels, indicating that in the absence of immunomodulation promoted by tick saliva, the animal's organism can start the repair and healing process.
Risk Assessment of Perioperative Nursing and Its Clinical Effectiveness in Patients Undergoing Interventional Surgery for Liver Cancer: A Discussion
Authors:   Department of Anesthesiology, Tianjin Beichen Hospital, Tianjin, China, Kong Kunkun , Zhao Yongqing ,   Medical Quality Control Office, Tianjin Beichen Hospital, Tianjin, China, Yan Pengbo , Wang Cuiying ,   Health Science Popularization Base, Tianjin Beichen Hospital, Tianjin, China
Published: May 2023

Objective: To explore the impact of perioperative nursing risk assessment on complications, hospitalization time and satisfaction of patients undergoing interventional surgery for liver cancer. Methods: Retrospective analysis of clinical data of 159 patients who underwent interventional surgery for liver cancer in Tianjin Beichen Hospital from March 2018 to March 2020. They were divided into conventional nursing group (control group) and nursing risk assessment group (observation group) according to different nursing methods. The control group was given conventional care, the observation group provided nursing risk assessment on the basis of conventional care, carried out targeted care, and explored the impact of different nursing methods on postoperative complications, hospitalization time, and patient satisfaction. Results: The incidence of gastrointestinal reactions, pain and sleep disturbance in the observation group were significantly lower than those in the control group (P<0.05), especially for mild adverse reactions, and the patient’s hospitalization time was shortened (P<0.05) , improved patient satisfaction (P<0.05), but did not significantly improve fever (P>0.05). Conclusion: Perioperative nursing risk assessment can effectively reduce the postoperative complications of patients with liver cancer interventional therapy, shorten the hospital stay, and improve their nursing satisfaction. It is worthy of in-depth clinical promotion.
Prophets with Lying Spirit? Nigerian Prophets, Prophecies, and an Endangered Democracy
Authors: Agara Tunde , Adetunji Emmanuel
Published: May 2023

This paper is a theoretical empirical study derived from whathas become a recurring decimal each time Nigeria is preparingfor general elections. Our experience over the years hasshown that electioneering processes in Nigeria comes withdifferent prophesies about the eventual outcomes of theelections by prophets claiming to know the mind of God orhaving exclusive insights on the candidates whom God haschosen. Most of these prophecies are contradictory to someothers, sometimes, implying that there are different godsresponsible for revealing the prophecies to the prophets.These prophecies embolden the different aspirants that theyare the chosen ones and hence boosts their expectations ofvictory at the polls, sometimes without carrying out the usualelectioneering process of campaigning, having manifestoesand trying to win the electorates legitimately. Of furtherconcern to us is that the belief in the prophecies trickle downto the electorates by influencing their choices. When theircandidate eventually fails to win, then the elections are seento have been tampered with and declared unfair. Most often,this leads to rioting, violence and attendant vandalisation of properties and loss of lives. The candidate who fails to winelection goes to court and a process of unnecessary prolongedlitigation ensues. Thus, virtually every elections end incontestation in court thereby making a mockery of electionand the electioneering process. This tendency is what thispaper interrogates, especially as it touches on endangeringdemocracy in Nigeria.
State and the Commodification of Natural Resources: A Framework of Analysis
Authors: Osawe Anthony Ikhide
Published: May 2023

The commodification of nature and framing of the environment as natural resources have become increasingly prominent in international environmental governance discuss because most natural resources are traded through organised commodity exchanges. The result the depletion of natural resources with the attendant negative impact on the environment and the poor. Commodification has brought about the framing of the environment as a ‘natural resource’and has become increasingly prominent in international environmental governance. The role of international organisations like the World Bank, United NationsEnvironmental Programme (UNEP) through Payments for Ecosystem Services (PES) and The Economics of Ecosystems and Biodiversity (TEEB) and its adoption by the Convention on Biological Conservation are indications of the concepts wide-ranging appeal. This paper sees commodification and the role of different actors as putting a price on nature’s goods in the form of species banking and conservation finance as a strategy for solving a range of environmental problems from climate change to deforestation. The paper concluded that commodification should be seen as an approach to bringing ethics into natural resources management, capable of generating incentives that are required to guide people towards ethical use of natural resources to the advantage of all.
Empirical Investigation of Procedural Effect for Tax Administration in Lagos and Osun States of Nigeria
Authors: Ulabor Ehimen Abiodun , Popoola Emmanuel Kolawole O. , Akande Olumide Saheed , Adefulu Adedapo Adewale
Published: May 2023

All resource-dependent countries have experienced catastrophic economic and political crises, leading inevitably to their inability to meet the delivery of basic needs and security to their citizens. Many have had to turn to taxation to meet the shortfall in revenue generation from natural resources. This paper discusses the concepts of Tax, Tax Administration, Development of Tax, Tax Imposition, Model of Tax Administration, Nigerian Tax Laws, Tax Regulations, Fiscal Issues and Tax Transaction in Nigeria. It attempts to discuss some theories that have helped us to have vivid understanding of the subject matter of discussion. These theories are: Social Contract Theory, Benefit/Utility Theory, Ability to Pay Theory, and Principle of Equal Distribution Theory. Using data collected from Lagos and Osun State, this study sought to understand what the effect of procedure for tax administration has on effective taxation in the states. It is concluded that if tax administration in the study areas is well executed, the development of basic infrastructures for the general good of the citizens will improve, and this in turn will make citizens to see the need to want to comply more with tax demands.
LENGHT-WEIGHT RELASTIONSHIP AND CONDITION FACTOR OF Brachirus Orientalis (Bloch &Schneider, 1801) IN IRAQ MARINE WATER
Authors: Layla A. Aufi
Published: May 2023

Length-weight relationships of Brachirus Orientalis, in coastal areas of Faw, south of Iraq was carried out on January to December 2019. Total length were ranged from 15.3 to 42 cm for 193 collected specimens, weight ranging from 59.60 to 1123.65g. According to the length-weight correlations the b value was 3.021. This demonstrated that positive allometric growth for both sexes. Calculated values of condition factor were 1.02and 1.12 for male, female respectively that showed healthy condition of fish.Key words: Brachirus Orientalis, Length-weight relationships, condition factor, Iraq marine water.
Biochemical effects of induced neurotoxicity by methyl bromide in rats
Authors: Zahraa Mohammed. Jasim  , Rana Abdulla Salih
Published: May 2023

Bromide and chloride are chemically related halide elements that the kidney works with to keep the overall body halide content balanced. Also Bromide is a element that known to cause many neurotoxic and other organs toxicity such as GIT tract , respiratory tract and liver. Therefore, we aimed in the present study on the effect of bromide at daily intake doses to investigate possible neurotoxic effect and modulate its possible mechanism by measuring the oxidant and antioxidant impact in brain and Ameliorative trail of Sodium chloride .Chloride-containing diuretics, such as sodium chloride, increase bromide elimination in the urine.
Key word: neurotoxicity , methyl bromide , Rat .
Effect of growth regulators on the morphological traits of three potato cultivars in vitro
Authors: EsraaTalebArnous  , Zainab Abdul-Jabbar Hussein  , Falah Hassan Radi
Published: May 2023

The experiments were conducted to study the effect of sub cultures (3 sub-cultures) of in vitro propagated plants of three cultivars of potato (Arnova, Riviera and Provento) and their interaction with Indole Acetic acid  (IAA) at 0.0 , 1.0 mg L-1 and Benzyl Adenine ( BA) at 0.0, 0.5, 1.0 and 2.0 mg L-1 concentrations on morphological traits of vegetative (plant height, number of shoots, leaves , nodes and length of shoots) and roots (number of roots and their lengths) system. The cultures were incubated under temperature of 25 ± 2°C and illumination for 16 h day-1. The plants were transferred to the greenhouse and data were taken on the number of minitubers, their diameter and weight after 90 days. The results showed the effectiveness of IAA at 1 mg L-1 increasing in plant height (16.06 and 14.83 cm for Rivera and Provento cultivars, respectively), and in number of leaves and nodes (18.08 leaf plant-1 for Rivera and 16.92  nod plant -1 for Provento), and the number of roots and their length. (11.25 root plant-1 and 11.25 cm for Rivera and Arnova cultivar, respectively). The results also showed the effectiveness of the combination of IAA (1 mg L-1 ) + BA (0.5 mg L-1 )  increasing the number and length of shoots  (6.50 shoot plant-1 and 4.83 cm for Provento and Rivera cultivar). A decrease in the number of roots was also observed with increasing concentrations of BA which added to the medium with or without of IAA. Results also recorded the highest average of diameter and weight of minitubers was 8.63 cm and 3.64 g for the mother plants of the Riviera and Provento cultivars, respectively, while the mother plants and in vitro  propagated plants of three cultivars did not differ in the average number of minitubers.
LENGHT-WEIGHT RELASTIONSHIP AND CONDITION FACTOR OF Brachirus Orientalis (Bloch &Schneider, 1801) IN IRAQ MARINE WATER
Authors: Layla A. Aufi  , Layla A. Aufi
Published: May 2023

Length-weight relationships of Brachirus Orientalis, in coastal areas of Faw, south of Iraq was carried out on January  to December 2019. Total length were ranged from 15.3 to 42 cm for 193 collected specimens, weight ranging from 59.60 to 1123.65g. According to the length-weight correlations the b value was 3.021. This demonstrated that positive allometric growth for both sexes. Calculated values of condition factor were 1.02and 1.12 for male, female respectively that showed healthy condition of fish.
Effect of Humic acid and Iron on some growth vegetative characteristics of dill (Anethum graveolens L.)
Authors: AhmedSalamJwar  , Basim Kassar Hasan
Published: May 2023

Experiment was in green house of Department of Horticulture and Garden Engineering, Faculty of Agriculture and Marshland, University of Thi Qar, Iraq. In 2018- 2019. For tested effect of adding Humic acid and Iron on some growth vegetative characteristics of dill (Anethum graveolens L.). Two factor were tested (Humic acid and Iron), in three levels were tested humic acid (H0 control, H1= 50% concentration and H2= 75% concentration) respectively. Iron (F0 control, F1= 4 grams/ pot and F2= 6 grams/ Pot) respectively.
Notes on the identity and taxonomic status of some species and infraspecific taxa of genus Pittosporum Banks Ex Soland. (Pittosporaceae)
Authors: Singh Rajeev , Diwakar P.
Published: May 2023

Pittosporum napaulense (DC.) Rehder & Wilson, P. karnatakense Saldanha & Ramesh and P. wightii A.K.Mukherjee are very close to each other and posing problem in identification. Similarly, P. dasycaulon Miq. And P. viridulum Nayar et al., P. podocarpum Gagnepain var. podocarpum and var. angustatum Gowda have no difference. After a critical study of herbarium species at CAL & BSI, P. wightii and P. karnatakense are merged under P. napaulense, P. podocarpum var. angustatum under variety proper and P. viridulum under P. dasycaulon.
Spectacles and Specters
Authors: Ertür Basak
Published: May 2023

Spectacles and Specters is a book about political trials that draws on theories of performativity to conceptualize the entanglements of law and political violence. In a departure from accounts that consider political trials as instrumental in exercising or containing political violence, this book argues that making sense of the often incalculable interpenetrations of law, politics, and violence in trials requires shifting the focus away from law’s instrumentality to its performativity. Enabling us to capture the various modalities in which the political emerges in, through, and in relation to legal forms on the stage of the trial, this shift also attunes us to the performative excesses, failures, and contradictions of law, allowing us to account for how sovereign schemes can misfire, how trials can come to have unintended political lives and afterlives, and how law entangles with and perpetuates certain histories of violence, rather than simply ever mastering these or providing closure. It allows us, in other words, to trace the specters in the spectacles. Part I develops a theory of political trials by reconstructing and building on a legacy of critical thought on Nuremberg in close engagement with theories of performativity. Part II offers original case studies that introduce a different perspective by looking beyond the Holocaust trials, to the Armenian genocide and its fragmentary legal aftermaths. These cases include the 1921 trial of Soghomon Tehlirian, the 2007–21 Hrant Dink Murder Trial, and the 2015 case before the European Court of Human Rights concerning the denial of the Armenian genocide.