bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
ANALYSIS ON FLOW PRESSURE IN THE PNEUMATIC BRAKING SYSTEM OF FHS-RDE USING FLUENT 6.3 SOFTWARE
Authors: Dibyo Sukmanto , Irianto Ign. Djoko , Wardani V. I. Sri , Pancoko Marliyadi
Published: June 2020

The High Temperature Gas Cooled Reactor (HTGR) is considered as one of the nuclear reactors of generation-IV type in the future. The fuel handling system is one of the important processes in HTGR as well as in the design of Reaktor Daya Eksperimental (RDE). In the Fuel Handling System (FHS), the fuel pebble is transferred pneumatically along the pipe using carrier gas into the core of the reactor. Therefore, the pneumatic is an important system in operation stability of FHS. During the developing process of FHS-RDE, a branch pipe as a braking pipe system is provided on top of the pneumatic system to reduce the speed of the fuel discharged from the pneumatic pipe. The pneumatic pipe has an inner diameter of 65 mm and 20 m in length, whereas a branch pipe diameter for the braking system is 30 mm. The pneumatic system pressure is greater than the reactor cooling system pressure of 3.0 MPa. This work was performed to investigate the pressure drop and flow pattern of the braking system of FHS by various carrier gas inlet pressure. The analysis was carried out by Fluent 6.3 Software. Based on the design parameter of FHS used in the analysis, the results show that the performance of the braking system is not significant to reduce the pressure in the top region of the pneumatic pipe. To obtaining a significant reduction in pressure, and evaluation on the design of the branch pipe as well as the radius of curvature of the bend at the top pipe is suggested.Keywords: Pneumatic pipe, pressure, braking system, fuel handling of RDE, carrier gas
Epistemología y educación: ciencias de la educación e investigación educativa desde una mirada epistemológica
Authors: Gisella Boarini María , Inés Portela Analía , Elisa Di Marco María
Published: June 2020

En el presente trabajo se realiza un análisis de los fundamentos epistemológicos sobre los que se ha cimentado el campo educativo desde su origen hasta nuestros días, a fin de comprender en profundidad la situación actual de la investigación educativa. Para ello, se lleva a cabo un estudio histórico-epistemológico que procura develar la justificación que, en cada momento y contexto, ha fundamentado dicho campo. Este recorrido muestra que, en primer lugar, la historicidad (referida a lo contextual, no-racional, no-científico) de la ciencia de la educación fue dejada de lado deliberadamente para garantizar el desarrollo de una ciencia racional. En segundo lugar, y debido a la persistencia de ciertos problemas epistemológicos, esta historicidad es entendida como un valor y se convierte en el fundamento disciplinar. El trabajo argumenta que el uso de la historicidad como criterio de justificación (ya sea para eliminarla como para utilizarla) no es criterio suficiente para fundamentar el campo. Se requiere un criterio que trascienda los límites de la disciplina misma y permita hacer frente a los problemas relativos a la historicidad y a la consecuente inconmensurabilidad.
Methods for Substantiating the Electrodynamic and Design Parameters of Absorbing Materials of Waveguide Type
Authors: Ivenskiy Andrey A.
Published: June 2020

The paper considers the issues related to the microwave diffraction on periodic structures of waveguide type. An approach used for assessing the reflective characteristics of absorbing material is proposed. This approach is based on the assumption that in accordance with the energy conservation law, the entire power of the incident microwave radiation on the absorbing material is distributed into two components. One of them characterizes electromagnetic radiation reflection from material surface and is determined through wave impedance at the interface “medium – absorbing material”, and the other, obeying the law of electromagnetic waves diffraction on nonperfectly conducting closed surfaces of waveguide type, propagates into the lattice, then it is partially absorbed in the bulk of the material and reflected from the object (metal substrate), after which it is summed with the first component at the output. A feature of the proposed technique is the design ratios, allowing to determine rational values of dielectric permeability of material, lattice elements conductivity as well as the period and thickness of the lattice which enable to achieve “a semi-infinite layer” at which the minimum value of material reflection coefficient is observed and its no longer depends on the presence or absence of an object (metal substrate)
A Deterministic Approach Used for Solving the Problem of Positioning and Angular Orientation Defining of Onboard Direction-Finder Antenna Based on the Results of Radio Direction Finding of Radio Reference Points
Authors: Tyapkin Valery N. , Vinogradov Alexander D.
Published: June 2020

The paper considers the possibilities and conditions for the unambiguous determination of the coordinates and angular orientation of the onboard direction – finder antenna placed on a moving object, based on the results of the azimuth-elevation radio direction finding of radio reference points. The coordinates of a moving object are determined by taken at one or several receiving points on board of a moving object measurements of radio signal delay time emitted simultaneously by at least three radio reference points. The unambiguous angular orientation in space is determined by measuring the viewing angles of at least three radio reference points of at least two direction finding pairs of receiving points with intersecting (non-collinear) bases. The article presents the mathematical features of determining the spatial position of onboard DF antenna, a general approach used for solving the problem of azimuth-elevation radio direction finding of three radio reference points, methods for determining the distance to radio reference points based on the results of their azimuth-elevation radio direction finding, and the analysis of the research results
A Mathematical Model of the Detection Probability of the Point Target by the Operator of the Payload Electro-Optical System for Unmanned Aerial Vehicle
Authors: Tishchenko Stepan V. , Artyshchenko Stepan V.
Published: June 2020

The paper deals with a mathematical model of the probability of detection of a point target by the operator of the payload of an optoelectronic device installed on an unmanned aerial vehicle, based on the use of the Johnson criterion and the binomial law of repeated tests
Investigation of DNA Breather Dynamics in A Model with Non-Local Inter-Site Interaction
Authors: Geraskin E.I. , Lakhno V.D. , Chetverikov A.P. , Shigaev A.S.
Published: June 2020

A variant of the Peyrard-Bishop-Dauxois model is proposed, which takes account of the partially delocalized nature of DNA stacking interactions. It is shown that the nonlocal nature of the inter-site potential can lead to an increase in the local cooperativity of the base pairs' opening an increasing in the number of simultaneously opening adjacent nucleotide pairs during the denaturation bubble's nucleation. The process of the formation and propagation of mobile breathers excited by the initial displacements of a number of nucleotide pairs has been studied. It is revealed that taking account of the non-local coupling in the Peyrard-Bishop-Dauxois model, while maintaining the remaining parameters of the model, leads to a decrease in the speed of the mobile breather and an increase in the probability of nucleation of the denaturation bubble.
THE ESSENCE OF TOURIST AND RECREATIONAL WATER USE, PECULIARITIES AND PROBLEMS OF ITS ACCOUNTING IN UKRAINE
Authors: Tsependa Mykhaylo Volodymyrovych , Tsependa Mykola Mykhailovych , Tsependa Natalia Romanivna
Published: June 2020

The purpose of the study is to distinguish among the directions of modern use of water resources tourist and recreational water use; describe its specifics and problems of public accounting.

Methods. The research used general scientific methods, including analysis, synthesis, comparison, generalization, system analysis.

Results. The role and increasing importance of water resources in tourism and recreation development are described; the place of tourist and recreational water use in the water economy is revealed; legislative and regulatory bases of accounting of tourist and recreational water use in Ukraine are analyzed; the most significant problems of the process of objective estimation of volumes of use of water resources in the field of tourism and recreation are outlined.

Scientific novelty. The category "tourist and recreational water use" is proposed for scientific use; the specifics of its accounting in Ukraine on the basis of sustainable development and economy of water resources are analyzed.

Practical significance. Optimization of the accounting of tourist and recreational water use will make it possible to rationalize the consumption of water resources in the field of tourism and recreational activities.
THE INFLUENCE OF TOURIST AND RECREATION ACTIVITIES ON STATE OF GREEN
ZONES OF THE LVIV URBAN ECOSYSTEM
Authors: Hileta Liubov Andriyivna
Published: June 2020

The aim of the study. Research the tourism and recreational activities of residents and visitors of the city of Lviv regarding the ecological state of green zones which perform a number of important functions, including social and environmental, which is to ensure that the residents of the city have the most favorable environmental conditions.
Method. It is analized that within the Lviv urban ecosystem a green zone is allocated, that is, a system of territories with green plantations in unoccupied open spaces within a city or suburban area which have ecological, economic, recreational and aesthetic importance. The tourist and recreational use of the green zone has a significant
negative impact on its condition.
Results. The tourist and recreational activity of the residents of the Lviv urban ecosystem within the green zones is shown in walks, with pets included, mostly on unauthorized trampled trails, in organizing picnics, usually with the burning of fires, sports games and sunbathing and other, however, it is somewhat different depending on the type of green area and its affiliation with the nature reserve. Accordingly, the green areas of the Lviv urban ecosystem are exposed to such environmental effects as trampling of grass, which in turn leads to compaction of soil, compaction of the layer beneath, death of descending plants; collection of individual plants (usually flowers),
which reduces the possibility of their self-renewal; mechanical damage to the green planting - a broken branch, kerf or notch on the trunk which cause infection of the trees with diseases and pests; contamination of the territory; burning of the upper layers of soil through unauthorized arrangement of fires, etc.
Scientific novelty. Here is described the ecological consequences of the impact of tourist and recreational activities, which are quite large in local terms.
Practical importance. It is stated that within the limits of the greenzones of the Lviv urban ecosystem, it is forbidden to damage and destroy trees, grass cover and equipment, consider a camp fire, arrange unauthorized rest places, passage and parking of transport, walk animals. But in order to reduce the negative impact of tourism and recreational activity on the state of the green zones of the urban ecosystem of Lviv, it is also necessary to introduce a system of management of the green zones of the city, which is, to create an interested administration.The wellestablished actions of the administration contribute primarily to the demarcation of the territory of the green areas, as well as to reduce the negative demonstration of recreational use of green areas.
Optic neuropathy and exophthalmos edematous: symptom or complication?
Authors: Brovkina Alevtina F.
Published: June 2020

The article is concentrated on the mechanism of the development of optic neuropathy in patients with edematous proptosis one of the clinical forms of endocrine ophthalmopathy. All probable options for the pathogenesis of optic neuropathy are reviewed in detail: increased intraorbital pressure, compression of the optic nerve by enlarged extraocular muscles, the formation of the apical syndrome with compression of the optic nerve in the zone of the Zinns ring, an increase in the volume of orbital fat, tension of the optic nerve by an anteriorly shifted eye (exophthalmos), and arterial blood flow impairment in the ophthalmic artery, impaired venous blood flow in the orbit. Based on 103 follow-ups of patients with edematous proptosis and optic neuropathy (68 of them had initial optical neuropathy), the author offers her concept of the pathogenesis of optic neuropathy in patients with sub- and decompensated edematous proptosis, considering optic neuropathy as a complication of endocrine ophthalmopathy. The signs of optical neuropathy in the initial stage of its development are conceived.
Orthopedic aspects of functional connective-tissue mobility structures in development and course of intra-articular pathology of knee joint
Authors: Ladeischikov V. M. , Denisov A. S. , Zagorak D. P.
Published: June 2020

Objective. To reveal the influence of functional mobility of connective-tissue structures on the development and course of intra-articular pathology of the knee joint.

Materials and methods. Patients (n = 279) with intra-articular pathology of the knee joint after the arthroscopic treatment were examined. The state of functional mobility of connective-tissue structures was diagnosed using the express method for dysplastic state of connective tissues in conditions of ambulatory-polyclinic service. Statistical analysis was carried out with Pirson correlation criteria.

Results. The paper is devoted to analysis of the influence of functional connective-tissue structure mobility on the development and course of intra-articular pathology of the knee joint. Subjects with low functional mobility of the connective-tissue structures were established to be more often subjected to chondromalacia of cartilaginous tissue of the femoral medial condyle and injury of the medial meniscus. Such pathology as slipping patella, Goff body hypertrophy and knee joint chondromatosis are typical for subjects with hypermobility of the connective-tissue structures.

Conclusions. High degree of functional mobility of connective-tissue structures significantly contributes to preservation of cartilaginous cover of the femoral medial condyle, even with concomitant pathology of the knee joint available. For men with high functional mobility of connective-tissue structures, the most common diseases are knee joint chondromatosis and Goff body hypertrophy, and for women slipping patella. For women with low functional mobility of connective-tissue structures, the most typical is pathology of the medial meniscus.
Iatrogenia as a cause of postcholecystectomy syndrome
Authors: Sitnikov V. A. , Ibragimova D. R. , Kasimova N. R. , Styazhkina S. N.
Published: June 2020

Objective. To analyze the most frequent diagnostic, tactical and technical errors of young doctors, leading to postcholecystectomy syndrome.

Materials and methods. The analysis was based on the clinical material of 87 patients from the Surgical Department of Regional Clinical Hospital №1 and City Clinical Hospital №2 of Izhevsk regarding reconstructive and restorative surgeries on the biliary tract for the last 40 years (19782018).

Results. The reasons, causing iatrogenic injuries of the bile ducts during cholecystectomy, are diagnostic, tactical, technical. Diagnostic errors are more often associated with inadequate diagnosis of cholelithiasis and cholecystitis (underestimation of history, complaints, clinical picture of the disease and its complications; failure or impossibility of FGDS; insufficient topical diagnosis while ultrasound investigation of the biliary tract and abdominal organs). Tactical errors in surgeries on the gallbladder include: overly expectant tactics, incorrect choice of surgical approach and method of anesthesia, lack of experience of the surgeon, inadequate revision of the biliary tract during surgery, refusal from surgical cholangiography and external drainage of the choledoch in case of doubtful patency of the bile duct. Technical reasons are specific features of the anatomy of the extrahepatic biliary tract, factors complicating the surgery, violation of surgical technique when performing an operation on the bile duct.

Conclusions. Correct and timely diagnosis of bile diseases as well as qualified technique of surgical intervention will minimize the development of post-cholecystectomy syndrome and other iatrogenic complications.
Features of effect of low-intensity laser irradiation on prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells
Authors: Godovalov A. P. , Yakovlev M. V. , Batog K. A. , Remennikova M. V. , Bykova L. P. , Pastukhov D. M.
Published: June 2020

Objective. To study the possibility of using LED blue, red, and green radiations of a new apparatus to eliminate prokaryotic cells and maintain human cell viability. Currently, laser technologies are widely used in medical practice. However, there are relatively few studies on the effect of laser radiation with similar parameters on the viability of prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells.

Materials and methods. As a radiation generator, the LFDT-02 diode medical laser of a new type from the Perm Scientific and Production Instrument-Making Company was used. Staphylococcus aureus 66G cultures were irradiated with a different wavelengths laser (exposure time 2 min, power 22 mV). After that, the viability of microorganisms was evaluated by direct seeding on nutrient media. To study the effect of laser radiation on macroorganism cells, fasting samples of buccal epithelium were obtained in 17 practically healthy volunteers aged 2025 years with an intact periodontium and dentition, without somatic pathology. To assess cell viability, a vital dye was used 0.1 % trypan blue solution. The exposure time and power do not differ from those for the studied S. aureus strain. To assess the morphological changes of epithelial cells, preparations were prepared for microscopy, which, after fixation, were stained according to the Romanovsky-Giemsa method.

Results. When evaluating the effect of laser radiation, especially in a clinical setting, it is necessary to take into account its possible effect not only on cells of conditionally pathogenic microorganisms, but also on human cells. In the present study, it was shown that laser radiation with a power of 22 mV allows one to achieve a bacteriostatic effect against S. aureus but it also significantly reduces the viability of buccal epithelial cells, that can be considered, on the one hand, as a side effect of laser radiation and, on the other hand, the removal of dying cells filled with microorganisms, can enhance the effect of ongoing therapy.

Conclusions. Based on the results obtained, it can be concluded that the laser radiation of a diode laser with a wavelength of 405 nm (blue) and 650 nm (red) has a pronounced bacteriostatic effect. However, a significant damaging effect of red radiation on macroorganism cells was found.
Experience and possibilities of video laparoscopy in emergency abdominal surgery
Authors: Turbin M. V. , Cherkasov M. F. , Melikova S. G. , Ustimenko I. V.
Published: June 2020

Objective. To evaluate the effectiveness and improve treatment outcomes for patients with acute abdominal pathologies using video laparoscopy. Materials and methods. The paper is based upon a ten-year experience of using video laparoscopy in emergency abdominal surgery. Within a decade (2008 2018), 23127 patients had been admitted to the surgical department of City Emergency Hospital in the city of Rostov-on-Don; among them 19748 patients were operated on. Video laparoscopic surgeries for acute appendicitis, acute cholecystitis, acute intestinal obstruction, perforated gastric and duodenal ulcers, and other acute abdominal surgical pathologies were performed in 15124 patients; the share of these interventions was 76.6 % of all cases.

Results. Initially, when laparoscopy was introduced in emergency abdominal surgery, diagnostic laparoscopy was used in more than a half of the performed surgeries, mainly for acute appendicitis and abdominal injuries. Today, video endoscopic surgery is widely used for acute cholecystitis, acute pancreatitis, perforated ulcers, strangulated hernias, torsions of epiploic appendages of the colon and of the greater omentum. An effective use of video laparoscopy for therapeutic purposes allows increasing the number of laparoscopic operations performed in patients with emergency surgical pathology of abdominal organs.

Conclusions. Video laparoscopy in urgent surgery allows establishing a diagnosis in time, performing dynamic video laparoscopy, eliminating concomitant pathology, diagnosing and, in some cases, preventing postoperative complications. Video laparoscopic surgery is easier for patients to tolerate; it reduces the number of complications, the period of staying at the hospital and the rehabilitation period, and opens up new possibilities for helping patients with emergency surgical conditions.
Penambahan Sari Lengkuas Merah (Alpinia purpurata) Dalam Edible Coating Pati Sagu Meranti Terhadap Sifat Kimia, Mikrobiologi dan Kesukaan Buah Tomat (Lycopersicum esculentum Mill)
Authors: Ayu Dewi Fortuna , Efendi Raswen , Johan Vonny Setiaries , Habibah Lutfi
Published: June 2020

This research aim was to study the application of red galanga juice addition in meranti sago starch edible coating on chemical, microbiology, and hedonic properties of tomatoes during storage.  The study used a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with 5 treatments and 3 replications so that 15 (fifteen) experimental units were obtained.  The treatments used were P0 (without addition of red galangal juice), P1 (1% addition of red galangal juice), P2 (3% addition of red galangal juice), P3 (5% addition of red galangal juice), and P4 (7 % addition of red galangal juice) in formulation of sago starch edible coating which applicated on tomatoes during 21 days storage.  The data obtained were statistically analyzed using Anova and DNMRT at a 5% level.  The results showed that the addition of red galangal juice significantly affected weight loss, total dissolved solids, hardness, total microbes, and hedonic organoleptic assessment of the tomato texture.  The addition of red galangal juice in edible coating didn’t significantly affect the organoleptic assessment of the tomato color.  The best treatment of this research was P4 which showed on tomatoes after 21 days storage that had 16.38% weight loss, 1.39 °Brix total dissolved solids, 5.83 kg/f hardness, 5.52 log CFU/g total microbes, and overall hedonic assessment of color was 2,70 (somewhat like), and 3.26 texture (somewhat like).
The Weighted Power Lindley Distribution with Applications on the Life Time Data
Authors: Rather Aafaq A. , Özel Gamze
Published: June 2020

In this paper, we have proposed a new version of power lindley distribution known as weighted power lindley distribution. The different structural properties of the newly model have been studied. The maximum likelihood estimators of the parameters and the Fishers information matrix have been discussed. It also provides more flexibility to analyze complex real data sets.  An application of the model to a real data set is analyzed using the new distribution, which shows that the weighted power Lindley distribution can be used quite effectively in analyzing real lifetime data.
The four-parameter Fréchet distribution: Properties and applications
Authors: Hamed Mohamed , Aldossary Fahad , Afify Ahmed Z.
Published: June 2020

In this article, we propose a new four-parameter Fréchet distribution called the odd Lomax Fréchet distribution. The new model can be expressed as a linear mixture of Fréchet densities. We provide some of its mathematical properties. The estimation of the model parameters is performed by the maximum likelihood method. We illustrate the good performance of the maximum likelihood estimates via a detailed numerical simulation study. The importance and usefulness of the proposed distribution for modeling data are illustrated using two real data applications.
Vectors of Evolution of Political Reflection and Рolitainment
Authors: Kazarinova Darya B.
Published: June 2020

The development of political science in Russia largely reflects global trends. The transition to the methodology of quantitative analysis, the increasing role of large interdisciplinary projects with large transnational research teams, the increase in the number of co-authors, the avalanche of publication activity, and the extreme democratization of scientific life are among them. The principle of publish-or-perish, which dominates the education and scientific policies, provokes an exponential growth of publications and a number of negative effects: "salami publications", "guest authorship" , etc. In response to these effects, the ideas of "slow science" in the West and active public discussion in the Russian scientific environment develop. At the same time, the generation of meanings and narratives takes place in journalism and politainment - a sphere where politics and entertainment interact and intertwine, creating a new reality. At this point, political theory is becoming more and more elitist. At the same time, metaphor as a tool of theoretical knowledge is becoming increasingly important. Today, political knowledge is a system of hierarchically constructed interacting and interrelated metaphorical concepts. In this context, the abilities of metaphor are important: not only to describe reality more or less accurately, but also to model it. There are two ways to reflect on the political: the professional community, in the context of mass education and science, moves towards detailing knowledge about a narrow subject, while broader political contexts are reflected by society and its intellectual and creative elites through the narratives of mass culture expressed in metaphorical language.
Social concept of gender socialization of girls in the interpretation of Yaroslavl women
Authors: Mikhailova Elena V.
Published: June 2020

Based on the materials of two series of leitmotiv in-depth interviews - with mothers of girls and kindergarten teachers - the article analyzes the content and orientation of the social concept of girls’s gender socialization that is relevant for Yaroslavl. The category “social concept of gender socialization” was introduced to distinguish between scientific generalizations of the content of gender socialization and its social interpretation. An analysis of the social concept of gender socialization was carried out according to such substantial components as ideas about the boundaries of socially acceptable and permissible in behavior, the appearance of girls; observations about the direction of games and favorite toys; regulatory views about femininity, qualities necessary for a woman; parental requirements system to girls, differences in the upbringing of girls and boys, qualities that need to be formed in girls. The concept is presented in two temporal perspectives - informants - the study participants talked about their own childhood and how it is now necessary to educate girls. The traditional orientation of the conceptualization of gender socialization by Yaroslavl women has been revealed, according to which girls must first of all instill the qualities of a mother, wife, and mistress. Concluded about the discrepancy between the value-normative aspects of the concept of socialization of girls with the real life practices of their mothers.
CT Imaging Features of Pancreatic Neoplasms
Authors: Kakade Abhay , Zoya Patni M. , Bagga Rounak R. , Yadav Mahesh H.
Published: June 2020

Background: Pancreatic neoplasms have highly variable clinical presentation and severity. Computerized Tomography (CT) is the modality of choice for investigating pancreatic neoplasms. Objectives: The objective of our study was to study the CT findings of pancreatic neoplasms in a tertiary care centre. Materials and Methods: CT scan of 20 patients with pancreatic neoplasms were studied after scanning on Siemens Somatom Perspective (128 slice). Results: Majority of the patients i.e., 45% had imaging features of epithelial tumours (Adenocarcinoma). Cystic neoplasms and endocrine tumours were the next most common seen in 30% and 15% of patients respectively. Conclusion: From this study we can infer that pancreatic neoplasms show characteristic findings on CT study & it enables us to assess, grade and stage pancreatic neoplasms with a fair degree of reliability non-invasively. It also helps in designing a management plan for better patient care.
A Half-Century Studies on Epidemiological Features of Ancylostomiasis in China: A Review Article
Authors: LI Rui , GAO Jie , GAO Lingxi , LU Yajun
Published: June 2020

Background: Ancylostomiasis is a prevalent and global parasitic disease, including China. A systematic review is significant to understand the epidemiological features of hookworm and provide guidance for prevention and treatment. Methods: We systematically searched academic databases and assessed 944 papers published from1955-2015 to establish the comprehensive analysis of prevalence of hookworm disease in China. We searched Chinese databases, including CNKI, Wanfang and VIP, for literature with the subject word "Ancylostomiasis and hookworm". The data were analyzed with SPSS 19.0 software using Spearman correlation analysis. Results were statistically significant for a P-value of <0.01. Results: The search yielded 532,151 cases from epidemiological investigation and 7294 cases based on hospital diagnosis. Hookworm infection was highest (15.83%) in Fujian province, with high rates also found in East China, Southwest China, Central China and Southern China and lower rates in Northwest China, North China and Northeast China. In terms of occupation, farmers had the highest proportion of infections (72.54%). There was no correlation between epidemiological investigations and hospital-diagnosed cases. However, there was significant positive correlation between hospital-diagnosed cases and misdiagnosed cases. The proportion of hospital-misdiagnosed cases was 32.80%. Conclusion: Ancylostomiasis is a serious public health problem that negatively influences health and hinders socioeconomic development. Positive measures are required by both health services and individuals to prevent and control hookworm disease.
Efficacy and Safety of Renin-Angiotensin Aldosterone System Inhibitor in Patients with IgA Nephropathy: A Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials
Authors: ZHAO Yu , FAN Heng , BAO Bei-Yan
Published: June 2020

Background: Angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor (ACEI) and angiotensin receptor blocker (ARB) as the commonly used renin-angiotensin aldosterone system inhibitor are widely used in patients with IgA nephropathy (IgAN), but the effect is controversy. In this study, we used a meta-analysis to evaluate the efficacy and safety of ACEI and/or ARB for the patients with IgAN. Methods: Two investigators independently searched the PubMed, EMBASE, the Cochrane Library, EBSCO, and Wiley databases without language restrictions. We collected the clinical randomized controlled trials (RCTs) on “ACEI and/or ARB for the patients with IgAN” published before December 31, 2018, and performed data extraction and quality analysis on the included studies, and analyzed data using RevMan 5.2 software. Results: A total of 10 RCTs (635 patients) were included in our analysis. Alone use of ACEI (MD=-0.75, 95%CI: -1.28-0.21, P=0.006) or ARB (MD=-0.56, 95%CI: -0.82-0.30, P< 0.001) or a combination of ACEI and ARB (MD=-0.63, 95%CI: -0.87-0.38, P<0.001) significantly reduced the levels of proteinuria in patients with IgAN. However, whether using ACEI or ARB alone or in combination with ACEI and ARB, there was no significant effect on serum creatinine, 24-creatinine clearance and glomerular filtration rate in patients with IgAN. Conclusion: The use of ACEI and ARB significantly reduces the levels of proteinuria in patients with IgAN, but more large-sample RCTs with long-term follow-up are needed for confirming our results and guiding clinical treatment.
Developmental Strategies of the Promotion Policies in Medical Tourism Industry in South Korea: A 10-Year Study (2009-2018)
Authors: KIM Kyoung-Lee , SEO Byung-Ro
Published: June 2020

Background: After the revision of the Medical Service Act, Article 27-2, in 2009, Korea has been actively involved in the medical tourism industry. The number of foreign patients visiting Korea has consistently increased coming from various countries around the world. Currently, the industry is striving to achieve qualitative growth in medical tourism. Accordingly, there is a necessity to analyze and review policies for the development of medical tourism to create a sustainable market. Methods: We analyzed the information of foreign patients visiting Korea over a period of last 10 years. Statistical data were obtained from the Korea Health Industry Development Institute (KHIDI) and Korea Tourism Organization (KTO). Results: The number of foreign patients visiting Korea had increased from 60,201 in 2009 to 321,574 in 2017. Since 2017, the number of patients from the U.S., Russia and Middle East has been on an upward trend while the number of Chinese patients has decreased. This result clearly shows that international affairs and cultural aspects have a significant impact on the selection of medical tourism. Conclusion: It is suggested to i) establish the medical tourism information system and brand the Korean medical tourism offering a joint treatment of western and oriental medicine, ii) prepare the expansion of the industry to the medical wellness tourism industry by training global healthcare experts and iii) organize tailored medical services with consideration of various backgrounds and culture of foreign patients.
Risk Factor and Cluster Analysis to Identify Malaria Hot Spot for Control Strategy in Samigaluh Sub-District, Kulon Progo, Indonesia
Authors: SULISTYAWATI Sulistyawati , FITRIANI Isnah , FITRIANI Isnah
Published: June 2020

Background: In 2015, Indonesia government targeted to eliminate malaria in Java Island. Nevertheless, until now malaria still occurs, including in Samigaluh, Kulon Progo District although many malaria programs has been run. Complexity and dynamic of the population also limited budget may become the reason of malaria combat difficulties. Subsequently, a method to direct the policymaker on how to provide program effectively and efficiently was needed. We examined malaria risk factor using statistical and cluster analysis. Methods: A quantitative study with case-control approach was conducted during Spring 2017 in Samigaluh II Public Health Centre, Indonesia. The structured questioner was used to collect the information from both of case and control which were people who had blood examination regarding malaria diagnosed during JanuaryDecember 2016. Global Positioning System was used to record the geographical position of house participant which was used in cluster analysis. Results: Occupation was recognized as the significant risk factor to malaria. One most likely cluster was detected and translated as the source of transmission because of its fall in malaria hotspot. Conclusion: Satscan be able to detect a spatial cluster of malaria case and a promising method for supporting malaria control.
The Expression Level of BRCA2 and Its Changes during Chemotherapy in Patients with Different Pathological Types of Mammary Cancer
Authors: HUANG Yu , LUO Min , HUANG Junqing , HUANG Shaoxin , WEI Liuxia , ZHANG Yumei , ZHANG Zhiming
Published: June 2020

Background: We aimed to investigate the expression level of breast cancer susceptibility gene 2 (BRCA2) and its changes during chemotherapy in patients with different pathological types of mammary cancer (MC). Methods: Overall, 102 patients treated in Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, China from April 2013 to August 2017 were enrolled as experimental group, including 58 patients with noninvasive MC (group A) and 44 with invasive MC (group B). Fifty healthy volunteers at the same time were enrolled as control group. The relative expression of BRCA2 in the blood of MC patients was detected by real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR (FQ-PCR). Results: In the experimental group, the expression level of BRCA2 in group A was higher than that in group B before chemotherapy (P<0.001); the expression level in group A and group B 1 month after chemotherapy was higher than that before chemotherapy (P<0.001); the expression level in the both groups 3 months after chemotherapy was higher than that 1 month after chemotherapy (P<0.001); the expression level of BRCA2 in blood of group A increased gradually before, 1 month and 3 months after chemotherapy (P<0.001). The expression level of BRCA2 in blood of group B increased gradually at the same time points (P<0.001). Conclusion: BRCA2 is over-expressed in noninvasive MC patient and under-expressed in invasive MC patient. And it can be used as an index for monitoring the condition of MC patients with different pathological types during chemotherapy.
Design and Construction of a Fusion Peptide Containing B1, B2, B4, and EPC1 Epitopes for Diagnosis of Human Cystic Echinococcosis
Authors: DARABI Enayat , MOTEVASELI Elahe , KHORRAMIZADEH Mohammad Reza , MOHEBALI Mehdi , ROKNI Mohammad Bagher , ZAHABIUN Farzaneh , KIA Eshrat Beigom
Published: June 2020

Background: Cystic echinococcosis (CE), larval stage of Echinococcus granulosus, immunodiagnostics is still a challenge due to asymptomatic nature of CE during the early phase of infection and imperfection of diagnostic antigens. In silico design and assessments of hydatid cyst antigens provide preeminent information for novel and favorable diagnostic methods. Methods: This study was performed at the Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran in 2018. The sequences of B2, EPC1, B1 and B4 antigens were collected and analyzed for sequence conservancy by protein BLAST search and CLUSTALW multiple sequence alignment. The secondary and 3D structures were predicted using ab initio and threading methods. The antigens were analyzed for their B cell epitopic content using linear and conformational B cell epitope prediction tools. The final diagnostic antigen was designed by fusing the selected epitopic determinants form each antigen. Results: Given the conservancy results and B cell epitope predictions, the whole B2 antigen along with amino acids spanning 1-50, 1-30, and 30-81 regions of EPC1, B1 and B4 antigens were selected to design the final antigen. High surface accessibility (75%), protein stability, low free energy and high number of amino acids involved in B cell epitopes were desirable properties for the final antigen to interact with antibodies against CE. Conclusion: In silico design of such antigens is useful for better diagnosis of CE, decrease the cost and the time required for antigen design, while avoiding the ethical aspects of in vivo studies.
The Impact of Socio Economic Factors on the Adherence of Patients with Gestational Diabetes Mellitus to Medical Recommendations
Authors: HAGHDOOST Ali Akbar , BANESHI Mohammad Reza , RAZZAGHI Alireza , NOORI Adel
Published: June 2020

Background: Adherence to medical recommendations is very important to control gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM), as one of the most important disorders during pregnancy. In this study, we explored the impact of socioeconomic status (SES) on the adherence of a cohort of GDM in Iran. Methods: In this prospective study, 230 pregnant women with confirmed GDM were followed from Feb to Jun 2013 in a referral diabetic care center in Iran. The SES of subjects were quantified using a combined score generated by principal component analysis (PSA). Medical adherence score of subjects was measured in three follow up visits in a range of 0 to 10 and were linked to SES using linear regression model. Results: The adherence scores women in the first, second, and third follow up visits were 5.06±2.12, 5.46±2.06, and 5.08±1, respectively. Women fourth quartile of SES (the highest level of SES) has a least compliance to medical orders in comparison to first quartile of SES (the lowest level of SES) with the OR -2.75 (95% Cl: -3.17, -2.23). Conclusion: The medical adherence of pregnant women with GDM is significantly poorer in high SES groups. Therefore, as an important determinant, we may target high SES pregnant women to control the adverse effects of the disorder more efficiently.
Differential Expression Pattern of Epithelial Mesenchymal Transition Gens; AXL, GAS6, Claudin-1, and Cofilin-1, in Different Stages of Epithelial Ovarian Cancer
Authors: HASSANI Elham , SHEKARI KHANIANI Mahmood , SAFFARI Mojtaba , EMAMI RAZAVI Amirnader , SHIRKOOHI Reza , MANSOORI DERAKHSHAN Sima
Published: June 2020

Background: Epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC), is the fatal form of gynecological cancer. Almost 70% of ovarian cancer patients are detected at an advanced stage (III-IV) with metastases. Epithelial‑mesenchymal transition (EMT) is a critical process associated with metastasis. This study investigated the expression levels of AXL, GAS6, Claudin-1, and Cofilin-1, as genes involved in EMT in relation to clinicopathologic features in ovarian cancer patients. Methods: In this descriptive study, 78 ovarian epithelial cancer patients were enrolled. Samples were provided by the Iran National Tumor Bank, founded by the Cancer Institute of Tehran University of Medical Sciences in 2017. The expression levels of AXL, GAS6, Claudin-1, and Cofilin-1 genes were investigated in a fresh, frozen tumor sample and normal adjacent tissue by real-time PCR (RT-PCR). Results: Findings showed a significant relationship between the overexpression of AXL and TNM staging (P=0.03). The expression level of GAS6 decreased in more advanced stages (P=0.01). There is a negative relationship between Cofilin-1 expression level and TNM staging (P=0.002). Claudin-1 expression level was higher in low stages compared with that in high stages (P=0.01). There was no relationship between gene expression levels of target genes with size and grade of the tumor. Conclusion: Given the importance of these genes in EMT, alteration in their expression pattern can contribute to the progression of the disease and distant metastasis of cancer cells. Additionally, knowing the alteration pattern of these genes expression can help to better understanding and prediction of the prognosis of EOC.
An Infertile Man with Complementary Isochromosome of 46, XY, I(5)(P10),I(5)(Q10): A Case Report
Authors: HE Yu , LIU Bo , WU Hui-Ling , HUANG Shan , QI Yun-Wei , ZHAO Hui-Han , QIN Xue , LI Shan
Published: June 2020

Chromosome aberration is associated with infertility and isochromosome is a rare chromosomal abnormality potentially associated with infertility or multiple miscarriages. Here we report a man of 29-yr-old diagnosed of infertility from China with rare isochromosome. Peripheral blood lymphocytes were obtained for chromosome G banding karyotyping. Hormones and other tests were performed. The semen analysis revealed Azoospermia. Complementary isochromosome of 46, XY, i(5)(p10),i(5)(q10) was identified. This is the first report of Complementary isochromosome of 46, XY, i(5)(p10),i(5)(q10).
Effects of Grape Seed Extract Supplementation on Hemodynamic Response and Vascular Endothelial Function in Postmenopausal Women
Authors: LEE Dae-Sung , KIM Jooyoung
Published: June 2020

The article's abstract is no available.
Naegleria fowleri: Swimming with Death as the Major Outbreak in Pakistan
Authors: NAVEED Muhammad , ALI Zeshan , KHWAR Masooma , NAZIR Wahab , KHALID Nauman
Published: June 2020

The article's abstract is no available.
Plasma 5-miRNA as Biomarkers for Identifying Prostate Cancer Patients
Authors: SAFFARI Mojtaba , MODARRESSI Mohammad Hossein , SHIRKOOHI Reza , HASSANI Bita , AFSHARPAD Mandana , RAFIEI Gholamreza , ABROODI Gholamreza , YEKANINEJAD Mir Saeed , ARFAEE Jamal , AKRAMI Seyed Mohammad
Published: June 2020

The article's abstract is no available.
The Effectiveness of Auricular Acupuncture on the Levels of Cortisol in a Depressed Patient
Authors: PIRNIA Bijan , MOHAMMADZADEH BAZARGAN Negin , HAMDIEH Mostafa , PIRNIA Kambiz , MALEKANMEHR Parastoo , MALEKI Faezeh , ZAHIRODDIN Alireza
Published: June 2020

The article's abstract is no available.
Predictors of Practice about Blood Borne Infections among International Medical and Paramedical Students Using the Health Belief Model
Authors: MENSAH Leonard Emmanuel , SADEGHI Roya , TOL Azar , RAHIMI FOROUSHANI Abbas
Published: June 2020

The article's abstract is no available.
The Cost of Health Care Services in Urban and Intercity Road Traffic Accidents
Authors: AMANOLLAHI Alireza , HOSEINI KASNAVIEH Mohammad , TAVAKOLI Nader , VEYSI Mohammad , TAHMASEBI Ali
Published: June 2020

The article's abstract is no available.
Low Social Support among the Elderly
Authors: AZARNIVAND Maryam , ALIZADEH Fahimeh , SOLTANI Zeinab , HOJATI Hadi , DADGARI Ali , EMAMIAN Mohammad Hassan
Published: June 2020

The article's abstract is no available.
Some Applications of Nanobiotechnology in Parasitology
Authors: HATAM-NAHAVANDI Kareem
Published: June 2020

The article's abstract is no available.
Effects of Aerobic Exercise on Cytokine Expression in a Breast Cancer Mouse Model
Authors: LEE Bangsub , CHUNG Wooyoung
Published: June 2020

Abstract Background: Regular physical activity lowers or prevents the risk of heart disease, diabetes, some cancers, the development of hypertension, and death from these diseases through a reduction in inflammation. Cytokines, such as interleukin (IL)-6, IL-18, tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), and C-reactive protein (CRP) are major markers representing the inflammatory process. This study aimed to investigate cytokine mRNA expression levels of IL-6, IL-18, TNF-α, and CRP in hepatocytes from breast cancer xenograft mice with or without moderate exercise. Methods: Each of the 5 mice at SP Korea Company, Seoul, Korea in 2015 were randomly divided into 3 groups: control (CTL), breast cancer (BC), and breast cancer exercise (BCEX). The inflammatory markers were analyzed in 10-week-old female Balb/C nude mice hepatocytes (n = 15; CTL = 5, BC = 5, BCEX = 5). Moderate intensity physical activity in mice was performed on a treadmill at an intensity of 18 m/min for 12 weeks, at 30 min for 5 days per week. Results: IL-6, IL-18, TNF-α, and CRP mRNA expression levels of the BCEX group were significantly decreased compared to those of the BC group (P < 0.05), with no difference to the CTL group. Conclusion: There might be a reduced inflammatory process via a reduction in TNF-α, IL-6, IL-18, and CRP expression in breast cancer mice that were subjected to moderate intensity exercise.