bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Macrophages/Microglia Sirt3 Contributes to the Anti-inflammatory Effects of Resveratrol against Experimental Intracerebral Hemorrhage in Mice
Authors: Sun Jidong , Pu Chen , Yang ErWan , Zhang Hongchen , Feng Yuan , Luo Peng , Yang Yuefan , Zhang Lei , Li Xia , Jiang Xiaofan , Dai Shuhui
Published: October 2022

Intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) is a devasting stroke type with high mortality and disability. Inflammatory response induced by macrophages/microglia (M/Ms) activation is one of the leading causes of brain damage after ICH. The anti-inflammatory effects of resveratrol (RSV) have already been evaluated in several models of central nervous system disease. Therefore, we designed the current study to assess the role of RSV in ICH and explore its downstream mechanism related to Sirt3. The autologous artery blood injection was administrated to create an ICH mouse model. M/Ms specific Sirt3 knockout Sirt3f/f; CX3CR1-Cre (Sirt3 cKO) mouse was used to evaluate the role of Sirt3 on RSV treatment. Neuronal function and hematoma volume were assessed to indicate brain damage. The pro-inflammatory marker (CD16) and cytokine (TNF-α) were measured to evaluate the inflammatory effects. Our results showed that RSV treatment alleviates neurological deficits, reduces apoptosis, and increases hematoma clearance on day 7 after ICH. In addition, RSV effectively suppressed CD16+ M/Ms activation and decreased TNF-α release. In Sirt3 cKO mice, the protective effects of RSV were abolished, indicating the potential mechanism of RSV was partially due to Sirt3 signaling activation. Therefore, RSV could be a promising candidate and therapeutic agent for ICH and Sirt3 could be a potential target to inhibit inflammation.
Status, changing landscape and farmer’s criteria for continuity of Paddy (Oryza sativa) landraces in upland ecosystem like Jharkhand, India: from conservation perspective
Authors: Kumari Neetu , Choudhary Shashi Bhushan , Amrapali Shephalika , Jha Basant Kumar , Sharma Hariom Kumar , Kumar Chandra Bhushan , Singh Omkar Nath
Published: October 2022

Present study involved paddy landraces naturalized widely across Jharkhand, India with altitude range from 06 meter from sea level (Sahibganj, Jharkhand, India) to 768 m (Garhwa, Jharkhand, India). These landraces found naturalized to diverse niche areas including flat to slopy upland, lowland, rivulet edge, pond/dam basin, swampy areas with wide altitude, edaphic and landscape ranges. Landraces from iron and aluminum ore (West Singhbhum, Jharkhand, India and East Singhbhum, Jharkhand, India) as well as Mica (Giridih, Jharkhand, India and Koderma, Jharkhand, India) rich regions are potential source for extraordinary mineral tolerance and bioaccumulations. Collection of the maximum paddy landraces from Central North East Plateau (CNEP) sub-zone well supplemented with complementarity analysis. These habitats with ecologically stressful conditions owing to limitations in soil pH, soil texture and other factors considered as a potential site for evolution of unique traditional varieties. However, the resource base found critically eroded from 2005 to 2021 particularly from Ranchi, Hazaribagh, Ramgarh, Chatra, Bokaro, Dhanbad, Koderma, Deoghar and Palamu. The Maximum landrace erosion witnessed in CNEP sub zone. While continued cultivation of landraces in steeper landscape of both South Plateau sub-zone and South Eastern Plateau sub-zone underscored their value in risk aversion under a challenged environmental condition. Selection criteria analysis of continued paddy landraces demonstrated farmers preference for practically useful traits those influencing livelihood security in local context. These traits are key for mainstreaming registered landraces into production chain under changed climatic conditions.
Quaternion MIMO millimeter wave antenna for 5G applications
Authors: Gao Ming-Ming , Wang Jun , Nan Jing-Chang , Niu Hong-Liang
Published: October 2022

In order to reduce the influence of signal attenuation caused by multipath effect in the transmission process of millimeter wave, this paper designs an array MIMO antenna working at 28GHz, the size of the antenna is 26×26×0.254mm3, the central frequency of the antenna is 28GHz, the operating bandwidth is 24 ~ 32GHz, which completely covers the 5G spectrum range of 24.25 ~ 27.5GHz as stipulated by China. The isolation degree between each unit antenna unit port is lower than − 25dB, and the gain of antenna at 28GHz is 7.5dB, which can ensure the normal operation of antenna.
Poly(ε-caprolactone)-based nanofibrous scaffold incorporated with decellularized bone extracellular matrix as a potential strategy for bone regeneration
Authors: Zhang Ming , Zhou Quan , Dong Qiangsheng , Zhang Jue , Zhou Xin , Huang Hao , Bao Junchen , Shan Hongjian , Sun Furong , Li Liangliang
Published: October 2022

Background:Critical size bone defect is still a great challenge in orthopedics. Scaffolds with nanofibrous microstructure seems a promising candidate for critical size bone defect repair. Here we fabricated poly(ε-caprolactone)-based nanofibrous scaffold incorporated with bone derived decellularized extracellular matrix (PCL/dB-ECM) to provide a suitable platform for bone regeneration.Methods:dB-ECM was prepared first and different weight ratios of PCL and dB-ECM was blended to fabricate PCL/dB-ECM nanofibrous scaffolds by electrospinning. The physicochemical properties of the nanofibrous scaffolds were investigated. Rabbit bone mesenchymal stem cells (rBMSCs) were seeded on the nanofibrous scaffolds to evaluate cell proliferation, viability, morphology, cytoskeleton spread and osteogenic differentiation. The ability of the scaffolds to promote bone regeneration in vivo was also assessed by being implanted into a rabbit femoral condyle defect model.Results:The microstructure of the PCL/dB-ECM (2:1) nanofibrous scaffold exhibited randomly arranged nanofibers interlaced to each other to form a network structure. The incorporation of dB-ECM into the scaffold improved the bioactivity of PCL, significantly enhanced the attachment, proliferation and cytoskeleton extension of rBMSCs, as well as remarkably promoted osteogenic differentiation of rBMSCs by elevating the expression of osteogenic-related genes and proteins and by enhancing the ALP activity and calcium deposition. Furthermore, in vivo assays demonstrated that PCL/dB-ECM (2:1) nanofibrous scaffold obviously facilitated new bone formation with better trabecular structures and excellent integration with the surrounding tissues.Conclusion:The PCL/dB-ECM (2:1) nanofibrous scaffold showed excellent bioactivity to facilitate rBMSCs proliferation and osteogenic differentiation in vitro, as well as promoted new bone formation in vivo, suggesting the PCL-based nanofibrous scaffolds incorporated with dB-ECM could be a promising strategy for effective repair of bone defect.
Seismic Vulnerability Assessment of Multi-arch Gallery Masonry Bridges Adopting Different Seismic Analysis Procedures
Authors: Shimpi Vinay , Sivasubramanian Madappa VR , Singh S.B.
Published: October 2022

India has one of the longest rail networks all over the world. The Indian railway network consist of many heritage bridges which are still in service over span of 100 years. Some of these heritage bridges are located in the very high seismic zone which is threat to their structural integrity. Therefore, it is necessary to assess the performance of these bridges for the earthquake loading. For this purpose, this paper attempts to predict the seismic vulnerability of the two multi arch gallery bridges of UNESCO recognised Kalka Shimla Mountain Railway. In this paper, three dimensional numerical models of the bridges were developed in ABAQUS finite element environment. The macro-modelling strategy was followed along with the concrete damage plasticity model as constitutive model for stone masonry. Further, the seismic performance of the bridges was estimated by nonlinear static analysis and incremental dynamic analysis procedures. The nonlinear static analysis was performed adopting two lateral loading patterns and incremental dynamic analysis was performed using 30 accelerograms. The 30 accelerograms were matched with the site-specific spectra and then scaled to different level of peak ground acceleration. The results from the nonlinear static analysis and incremental dynamic analysis were presented in terms of control node displacement and location of tensile damages. Lastly, the comparison between nonlinear static analysis results and incremental dynamic analysis results were showed that confirms, incremental dynamic analysis results are more significant at very high computational time consumption.
Glutaredoxin-1 modulates the NF-κB signaling pathway to activate inducible nitric oxide synthase in experimental necrotizing enterocolitis
Authors: Zhang Yunfei , Tian Bing , Ding Xin , Zhu Hai , Liu Jian , Hu Yuhui , Guo Chunbao
Published: October 2022

Glutaredoxin-1 (Grx1) is a cytosolic thioltransferase that catalyzes reduction of GSH-protein adducts and plays an important role in pathophysiological of Necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC). The Nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) pathway is inhibited by S-glutathionylation of inhibitory kappa B kinase beta (IKKβ), which can be restored by Grx1. Inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) regulated by NF-κB is crucial in the progression of NEC. We aim to explore the role of Grx1 in experimental NEC. Wild-type (WT) and Grx1-knockout (Grx1-/-) mice were treated with a NEC-inducing regimen. The production of iNOS, NO, and inflammation injuries were assessed. NF-κB and involved signaling pathways were also explored. The severity of NEC was attenuated in Grx1-/- mice. Grx1 ablation promoted IKKβ glutathionylation, NF-κB inactivation, and decreased iNOS and NO production in NEC mice. Grx1 ablation protected NEC through iNOS and NO inhibition, which may be related to S-glutathionylation of IKKβ to inhibit NF-κB signaling. Grx1-related signaling pathways maybe provide a new therapeutic target in NEC.
Low-volume Resistance Training: Impact of Load Intensity on Sarcopenia Indicators in Post-menopausal Women Rt Intensity on Sarcopenia Indicators
Authors: Paula¹ Rodolfo F. , Orsatti Fábio Lera , Santos¹ Danilo F. C. dos , Sousa¹ Wellington G. , Souza Markus Vinicius Campos , Margato Luanna Rodrigues , Lino Anderson D. S
Published: October 2022

This study investigated the impact of intensity in a low-volume RT on sarcopenia indicators in postmenopausal women (PTW). Thirty-two participants were randomly assigned to either a control group (CT, n = 10), a LL-RT group (n = 10) that performed one set of 25–30 repetition maximum per exercise or a high-load RT group (HI-RT, n = 12) that performed one set of 8–12 repetition maximum per exercise. The RT groups performed 8 exercises, with 90 seconds of rest between exercises, 2 times a week for 24-weeks. Muscle mass (MM) of limbs (upper and lower) was assessed by DEXA, muscle strength (MS) was measured by the 1-RM leg press test, and physical performance by the TUG test and the 30-second sit to stand test. The ANCOVA (covariates: age, antihypertensive drugs, hormone replacement therapy and pre-time values) was used to analyze the gains (Δ) between groups, with a significance level of 5%. After 24-weeks of RT, lower and upper limb MM (together/summed) increased in both HI-RT (Δ = 0.60 kg; 95% CI: 0.23–1.0 kg) and LI-RT (Δ = 0.48 kg; 95% CI: 0.06–0.91 kg) in relation to CT (Δ=-0.03 kg; 95% CI: -0.43–0.37 kg) with no difference between them (p = 0.016; ƞ²=0.27 (large); observed power = 0.83). However, upper limb MM increased only in the HI-RT. For MS, the HI-RT group (Δ = 40 kg; 95% CI: 21–58 kg) showed greater gains compared to the CT (Δ = -5 kg; CI 95%: -24–14 kg) and LL (Δ = 12 kg; 95% CI: -8–33 kg) (p = 0.001 η2 = 0.35, Power = 0.98). Even though LI-RT promotes MM gains in lower limbs, HI-RT should be considered in low-volume training to promote gains in MS and also in MM in upper limbs in the PTW.
The impact of different targeted temperatures on out of hospital cardiac arrest outcomes in patients receiving extracorporeal membrane oxygenation: a nation-wide cohort study
Authors: Watanabe Makoto , Matsuyama Tasuku , Miyamoto Yuki , Kitamura Tetsuhisa , Komukai Sho , Ohta Bon
Published: October 2022

Background:Targeted temperature management (TTM) is recommended in the management of out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) when coma persists after the return of spontaneous circulation. In the setting of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) for OHCA patients, TTM is associated with good neurological outcomes and recommended in the Extracorporeal Life Support Organization guidelines.However, the optimal targeted temperature for these patients has not yet been adequately investigated. This study aimed to compare the impact of different targeted temperatures on the outcomes in OHCA patients receiving ECMO.
Methods:This was a retrospective analysis of data from the Japanese Association for Acute Medicine (JAAM)-OHCA Registry, a multicentre nationwide prospective database in Japan in which 103 institutions providing emergency care participated.OHCA patients aged ≥ 18 years who required ECMO with TTM between June 2014 and December 2019 were included in our analysis. The primary outcome was 30-day survival with favourable neurological outcomes, defined as a Glasgow-Pittsburgh cerebral performance category score of 1 or 2. Patients were divided into two groups according to their targeted temperature: normothermic-TTM (n-TTM) (35–36 ℃) and hypothermic-TTM (h-TTM) (32–34℃). We compared the outcomes between the two targeted temperature groups using multivariable logistic regression and propensity score analyses with inverse probability weighting.
Results: A total of 890 adult OHCA patients who received ECMO and TTM were eligible for our analysis. Of these patients, 249 (28%) and 641 (72%) were treated with n-TTM and h-TTM, respectively. The proportions of patients with 30-day favourable neurological outcomes were 16.5% (41/249) and 15.9% (102/641), in the n-TTM and h-TTM groups, respectively. No difference in neurological outcomes was observed in the multiple regression analysis [adjusted odds ratio 0.91, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.58–1.43], and the result was constant in the propensity score analysis (odds ratio 1.01, 95% CI 0.67–1.54).
Conclusion:No difference was observed between n-TTM and h-TTM in OHCA patients receiving TTM with ECMO. The current understanding that changes to the targeted temperature have little impact on the outcome of patients may remain true regardless of ECMO use.
A battery-free, chipless, soft nanofluidic intracellular delivery patch for internal organs
Authors: Yu Cunjiang , Li Mo , Chang Lingqian , Yu Xinge , Yin Dedong , Wang Pan , Hao Yongcun , Yue Wei , Yao Kuanming , Wang Yuqiong , Zhou Jingkun , Wu Meng , Jiang Xinran , Wu Han , Lin Long , Zhang Qingyang , Dong Zaizai , Rao Zhoulyu , Xu Chenjie , Chang Honglong , Fan Yubo
Published: October 2022

Internal organ targeted delivery to enable gene editing and induced apoptosis among others, holds tremendous promise in treating numerous challenging diseases. The current and dominant method is circulation-based delivery; yet it has critical limitations on the efficiency, safety, and/or controllability. Here, we report a battery-free, chipless, soft nanofluidic intracellular delivery (NanoFLUID) patch that is capable of enhanced, customized delivery in targeted internal organs. The chipless architecture and the flexible nature of thin functional layers ensure seamless integration with internal organs. The unique nanopore-microchannel-microelectrode structure renders unprecedented features of safe, efficient, precise electro-perforation of cell membrane and of accelerated intracellular payload transport by 104 – 105 times compared with conventional diffusion methods, while operating under relatively low amplitude pulses (20V or less). It was demonstrated that the NanoFLUID patch could achieve customized delivery into mammary gland of adult mice for gene editing to construct both primary and metastatic breast tumor models. The patch showed high efficiency for transfecting a gene pool of more than 40 genes in cells within a targeted organ. It was further demonstrated that the NanoFLUID patch based three-time iterative delivery of a cancer inhibitor (PARPi) could achieved similar breast tumor inhibition as that from daily oral administration for three weeks.
An Extensive Analysis Between Different Language Models: GPT-3, BERT and MACAW
Authors: Gaikwad Arya , Rambhia Palash , Pawar Sarthak
Published: October 2022

The increase in human interactions with commercial applications has given rise to the demand for Interactive interfaces like chat- bots, text translators, text predictors, and text generators which use pre-trained Language Models to perform their own specific tasks. Language models are leading-edge technologies that enable machines to read, decode, comprehend, and make sense of human languages and respond in appropriate ways. In this paper GPT-3, BERT and Macaw language models are tested on different categorial questions to understand their architecture and behaviour in various circumstances. GPT-3 being pre-trained on a robust dataset gives very elaborate and human like answers, while the outputs produced by BERT can be customised by providing custom context and on the other hand Macaw shows more accuracy while answering to general questions.
Exploratory analysis of South America wines using artificial intelligence
Authors: Carneiro Candice N. , Gomez Federico J. V. , Spisso Adrian , Silva Maria Fernanda , Santos Jorge L. O. , Dias Fabio S.
Published: October 2022

The microwave-induced plasma optical emission spectrometer has been used for multielement determination in South American wine samples. The analytes were determined after acid digestion of 47 samples of Brazilian and Argentine wine and the application of logistic regression, support vector machine, and decision tree for exploratory analysis and the comparison of these algorithms in differentiating red wine samples by region of origin. The Brazilian wines samples were clustering in a group, while Argentines wines samples formed another cluster. The quantification limits (mg L-1) were P (0.06); B (0.08); K (0.17); Mn (0.002); Cr (0.002) and Al (0.02). The accuracy of the method was evaluated analyzing the wine samples by ICP OES for results comparison. The concentration in mg L-1 found for each element in wine samples, were Al (< 0.02 - 1.82), Cr (0.15 - 0.50), Mn (< 0.002 - 0.8), P (97 - 277), B (1.7 - 11.6), Pb (< 0.06 - 0.3), Na (8.84 - 41.57) and K (604 - 1701), in mg L-1.
A single-point iterative method to solve boundary value problems with quadratic nonlinearity based on second-order Fréchet derivative
Authors: Kouser Salima , Rehman Shafiq Ur , Ahmad Fayyaz
Published: October 2022

Newton method is a classical method for solving system of nonlinear equations and offers quadratic convergence. The order of convergence of the Newton method is optimal as it requires one evaluation for the system of nonlinear equations and second for the Jacobian. Many boundary value problems in nature have quadratic non-linearity and the corresponding system of nonlinear equations associated with their discrete formulation has constant second order Fréchet derivatives. We try to get benefit from this information and develop a single-point iterative method to solve such system of nonlinear equations with quadratic nonlinearity. In our proposed single-point iterative method, we perform one evaluation of system of nonlinear equations and second for Jacobian. In total, there are two functional evaluations and we do not count the evaluation of second-order Fréchet derivative as it is constant in all the iterations of the method. The convergence order (CO) of our proposed method is four. The efficiency index of our method is 4^{1∕2} = 2 which is higher than that of Newton method 2^{1∕2} = 1.4142. To quantify the functionality of our proposed algorithm, we have performed extensive numerical testing on a collection of test problems that have quadratic nonlinearity.
Saline soil reclamation by halophytes increased soil multifunctionality through modulation of soil microbial communities
Authors: Zhao Shuai , Banerjee Samiran , Hartmann Martin , Peng Bin , Elvers Rylie , Zhao Zhen-Yong , Zhou Na , Tian Chang-Yan , Lian Teng-Xiang
Published: October 2022

Background: Planting halophytes is an efficient way of remediating saline soils, but with undetermined consequences for the soil microbial communities and functioning of the soil ecosystem. Here, we investigated how halophyte-mediated reclamation influences soil microbial diversity and how changes in microbial networks may subsequently alter soil functioning during five years of phytoremediation on saline soils.Results:Phytoremediation increasedthe overall microbial diversity and enriched specific microbialgroups such asGammaproteobacteria,Chloroflexi, andGemmatimonadetes, and some known halophilic bacteria likeMarinobacterandHalomonas. In contrast, other microbial groups such asFirmicutes,Betaproteobacteria,BasidiomycotaandZygomycotadecreased in the phytoremediated soils. Network analysis showed positive associations between the taxa richness of a core network module and soil functional genes associated with nutrient cycling. The genomes clustered with taxa in modules indicated that taxa within core module had higher gene copies of essential functional genes associated with carbon, and nitrogen cycling. These taxa, includingRhodobacteraceae,Hyphomicrobiaceae,NocardioidaceaeandAcidobacteria-6, were also associated with potential nitrifying bacteria, nitrogen ﬁxers, and decomposers. In addition, the reclaimed soil supported higher taxa richness of core module, which yielded greater soil multifunctionality.Conclusions: Our work highlights microbial taxa within network module strongly correlated with soil functioning during phytoremediation. Furthermore, our study also suggests that while there was no change in the overall soil salinity level, phytoremediation increased soil multifunctionality by enhancing the microbial diversity and altering specific groups of the soil microbiome, suggesting a sign of successful reclamation.
The impact of pumpkin seeds supplementation on antenatal anemia in Amalapuram Mandal, East Godavari district, Andhra Pradesh
Authors: Kumari Andugula Swapna , Veerraju Andugula , Babu Shyamaladevi , A Gouri Shankar
Published: October 2022

Purpose:Anemia during pregnancy causes 40% of maternal fatalities in underdeveloped nations, according to statistics from the WHO. Pregnant women should meet the requirements for various nutrients, notably micronutrients, to ensure a better pregnancy outcome in the future. Cucurbita moschata (Pumpkin) seeds contain a variety of compounds, such as m-carboxyphenylalanine, amino butyrate, and citrulline, as well as a number of other amino acids. It has a wide veriety of biological activity such as antioxidant, anticancer, anti-inflammatory etc. However, the community's use of pumpkin seeds is still limited.
Method:The present study was aimed to assess the impact of supplementation of pumpkin seeds on anemia among antenatal mothers in relation to Demographic and obstetric variables at Amalapuram Mandal, East Godavari district, Andhra Pradesh. In the third stage of the study, antenatal mothers' pre- and post-test scores for indicators of anaemia, pica, nail health, level of activity, heart rate, capillary refill, nutritional status, extremities, and level of hunger were compared.
Results:According to age, education, occupation, monthly income, and information source, the data demonstrates that according to three prenatal moms' consumption of pumpkin seeds in the morning, three in the afternoon, and one in the evening. The data available indicates that, of the 5 prenatal moms, 2 displayed symptoms of anaemia with respect to the length of the menstrual cycle, the volume of menstrual flow, and the method of the previous delivery. Additionally, it was discovered that three of the pregnant mothers had appropriate haemoglobin levels and three of them had inadequate levels based on their past deliveries, menstrual flow volume, and cycle length.
Coclusion: It also revealed that there is no discernible relationship between pregnant mothers in Amalapuram Mandal's diet of dry fruits and nuts and menstrual cycle length, flow volume, or method of prior birth.
Cost of Inappropriate Prescriptions for Uncomplicated Malaria in Ghana
Authors: Aryeetey Genevieve Cecilia , Nonvignon Justice , Malm Keziah , Owusu Richmond , Baabu Bright Sasu , Peprah Nana Yaw , Agyemang Samuel Agyei , Novignon Jacob , Amon Samuel , Dwomoh Duah , Aikins Moses
Published: October 2022

BackgroundMalaria remains a common course of morbidity in many sub-Saharan African countries. While treatment options have improved in recent times, inappropriate prescription seems conventional among providers, increasing the burden on patients and society. This study examined the cost of inappropriate prescriptions for uncomplicated malaria treatment in Ghana.MethodsThis study used retrospective data collected from January to December 2016 in 27 selected facilities, under different ownership in three regions of the country, mainly Volta, Upper East and Brong Ahafo. Stratified random sampling technique was used to extract 1,625 outpatient folders of patients diagnosed and treated for malaria. Two physicians independently reviewed patient folders according to the stated diagnoses. Malaria prescriptions were described as inappropriate when they do not adhere to the standard treatment guidelines. The economic cost was mainly treatment cost which was sourced as medication cost. Total and average costs for country were calculated using sample estimates and the total number of uncomplicated malaria cases that received inappropriate prescriptions.ResultsThe study revealed that patients received an average of two prescriptions per malaria episode. Artemether – lumefantrine (AL) was the major malaria medication (79.5%) prescribed to patients. Other medications usually antibiotics and vitamins and minerals were included in the prescription. More than 50% of prescribers did not follow the guidelines for prescribing medications to clients. By facility type, inappropriate prescription was high in the CHPS compounds (59.1%) and by ownership, government (58.3%), private (57.5%) and mission facilities (50.7%). Thus, about 55% of malaria prescriptions were evaluated as inappropriate during the review period, which translates into economic cost of approximately US$4.52 million for the entire country in 2016. The total cost (average cost) of inappropriate prescription within the study sample was estimated at US$1,088.42 (US$1.20).ConclusionInappropriate prescription for malaria is a major threat to malaria management in Ghana. It presents a huge economic burden to the health system. Training and strict enforcement of prescribers’ adherence to the standard treatment guideline is highly recommended.
Pavlova gyrans as a potential source of essential fatty acids, sterols and pigments: culture under low temperature
Authors: Almeyda María Delfina , Bilbao Paola G. Scodelaro , Puerta María Virginia Sánchez , Constenla Diana , Leonardi Patricia I.
Published: October 2022

Haptophytes are emerging as sustainable sources of high-value metabolites such as polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs). The goal of this work was to isolate a native haptophyte from the southwestern Atlantic coast and to evaluate the effect of low-temperature stress on the production of PUFAs, sterols, and pigments during its cultivation. The strain was identified as Pavlova gyrans. Cultures were carried out in a photobioreactor for 10 days at 20°C (Control), lowering the culture temperature to 10°C at the beginning of the stationary growth phase (LTS). The lipid content of the biomass represented 13% of the dry weight, neutral lipids being the main lipid fraction. Under LTS, lipid production increased significantly, reaching a value of 305 mg L− 1. The same effect was observed with PUFA content, which represented 41.3% of total fatty acids. The most abundant omega-3 (ω3) and omega-6 (ω6) fatty acids were eicosapentaenoic (EPA) and docosapentaenoic (DPA), respectively. PUFA production under LTS reached 13.5 mg L− 1 of which 7.41 mg L− 1 corresponded to ω3 and 6.09 mg L− 1 to ω6. EPA production was 5.93 mg L− 1 while DPA production was 3.03 mg L− 1. The maximum production of phytosterols was obtained during the exponential growth phase. The most abundant phytosterol was 24-Ethylcholesta-5,22-dien-3β-ol, which represented ≈ 41–49% of the free sterol fraction, with a volumetric concentration of ≈ 320 µg L1. Finally, pigment production under LTS was ≈ 700 µg L− 1. These results open the way for further progress towards the commercial and profitable production of P. gyrans for food and aquaculture applications.
Comparing Remote Sensing and In Situ Analyses on assessing the Phenology of Test Wheat Plants as Means for Optimizing Data Collection in Precision Agriculture
Authors: Kebede Endalkachew Abebe , Vasileva Silviya Valentinova , Bojinov Bojin , Dengiz Orhan
Published: October 2022

This study assessed the potential applications of open data source satellite images in estimating the phenology of the wheat crop on a study farm found in the village of Ovcha Mogila, Bulgaria. A Landsat-9 and Sentinel-2 satellite images were extracted from the open data sources. An Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) was used to capture the spectral response of plant leaves. In addition, SpectraVue 710s Leaf Spectrometer was used to measure the spectral response of the crop at five different locations. The soil samples were collected in eight spots within the farm plot. The physicochemical properties of the soil (pH, texture, N, P2 O5, and K2 O) were analyzed in the certified laboratory of AUP. The five broadband vegetation indices (VIs) have been estimated based on the reflectance wavelength range of remote sensing tools. A linear regression analysis was used along with the coefficient of determination (R2 ), Root Mean Square Error (RMSE), and correlation (r) matrix for comparing the performance of the sensors. The soil analysis revealed the study farm plot is slightly alkaline with a dominant soil texture of Clay and Clay Loam. The vegetation indices (VIs) increased linearly with crop development. Significant correlations were observed for most vegetation indices of Sentinel-2, Landsat-9, and the Buteo drone, with the highest correlation for NDVI of Sentinel-2 and Buteo drone (R2 of 0.37 and RMSE of 0.06). In relative terms, the Sentinel-2 VIs correlated better with the Buteo drone vegetation indices than the Landsat-9. The Landsat-9 VIs somewhat align better with the leaf spectrometer.
Reconsideration of operative indications in pancreatic neuroendocrine neoplasms
Authors: Abe Kodai , Kitago Minoru , Iwasaki Eisuke , Yagi Hiroshi , Abe Yuta , Hasegawa Yasushi , Hori Shutaro , Tanaka Masayuki , Nakano Yutaka , Kitagawa Yuko
Published: October 2022

BACKGROUND The incidence of pancreatic neuroendocrine neoplasm (PNEN) has been increasing. Resection is typically indicated for PNEN, regardless of its size; however, the indications for its resection are controversial. This study aimed to evaluate the treatment results of surgical resection of PNEN at our institute. METHODS In this single-center, retrospective, case-control study, 87 patients who underwent PNEN resection and 17 patients with PNEN who did not undergo surgical resection between 1993 and 2020 were included in this study. Clinical characteristics and outcomes were reviewed and statistically compared. Survival was also estimated for the patients in each cohort. RESULTS Seventeen patients who underwent resection (20%) had lymph node metastasis. Tumor measuring ≥ 2.0 cm in size and multiple lesions were identified as independent predictors for lymph node metastasis (odds ratio [OR] 17.3, 95% confidence interval [CI] 3.0–100.0, p = 0.001 and OR 8.7, 95% CI 1.5–52.0, p = 0.018, respectively). There was a significant difference in the survival curves depending on the presence or absence of lymph node metastasis (5-year overall survival: 74.7% vs. 94.3%, p < 0.001; 5-year recurrence-free survival: 66.3% vs. 93.6%, p < 0.001). All 17 PNEN cases under observation with a median 8-mm (range: 5–23) tumor size for a median of 34 (range: 2.4–114) months showed slight morphological change with a median tumor growth rate of 0.15 mm (range: 0–3.33) per year. CONCLUSION Patients with tumor measuring ≥ 2.0 cm in size have a high probability of lymph node metastasis or recurrence, thereby requiring resection. PNEN measuring < 1.0 cm in size may be acceptable for observation.
Prevalence of Coccidiosis and Identify the Potential Risk Factors in Chicken at Mitto district Silte Zone, Southern Ethiopia
Authors: mussa solomon musema
Published: October 2022

Poultry industry in Ethiopia is facing a range of constraints including feed, improved breeds and diseases. Both in extensive and intensive production system, diseases pose serious economic impact due to high mortality and morbidity. The aim of this study was to estimate the prevalence of poultry coccidiosis in Mitto district. The result revealed that out of 288 household collected pooled dropping samples examined, 20.5% (n=59) were positive for eimeriaoocysts. Breed based prevalence was recorded high in mixed (29.6%) and exotics (22.9%) than local chickens (12.8%) and the observed prevalence in exotic and mixed were significantly different (p<0.05)from local birds. Likewise, the prevalence noted across management systems i.e. 29.4% in semi-intensive and 16.1% in backyard were also significantly different (p<0.05). Among the six predictors considered, three of them, namely, exotic breeds flock size >10 and chicken managed in semi-intensive system were found to have the higher prevalence compared to the corresponding comparative categories. Characteristic Intestinal lesions observed in postmortem were higher (62.5%), among young and followed by adult (16.7%). The largest proportion of intestinal lesion (55.6%) was seen in exotic birds. Therefore, the present study indicates that coccidiosis is an important disease that worth attention in the study area and the growing small scale production system that use exotic breeds and their crosses must give due attention to management system in order to minimize the impact of the diseases.
In Vivo Evaluation of Pithecellobium dulce Leaves Anti-bacterial and Antihyperlipidaemic Activities
Authors: Dzinyela Raphael , Alhassan Abdul Razak , Hwarari Delight , Kuetsidzo Vincent , Abdul-Baasit Abdul-Nasir , Opoku Kwadwo Nketia , Suglo Peter , Asomaning Emmanuel Kwesi , Movahedi Ali
Published: October 2022

The natural origin and reduced side effects of medicinal plants have recently enhanced their popularity in both developed and developing nations.Pithecellobium dulce(P. dulce), an evergreen blooming spiky plant belonging to theFabaceaefamily, with a number of therapeutic uses.P. dulcehas medicinal qualities, such as antidiabetic, abortifacient, locomotor, anticonvulsant, antiulcer, and antioxidative ones. Unknown isP. dulce'sability to treat rats with hyperlipidaemia brought on by dexamethasone. In this article, we demonstrate how ethanolic leaf extract contains phytonutrients, has antibacterial action againstSalmonellaspecies, and has antihyperlipidemic activity against rats that have been given dexamethasone to cause hyperlipidaemia. Leaf extracts fromP. dulcecontain phytonutrients like phenols, flavonoids, and phytosterols. With increasing doses of the extract combined with the usual reference medicine atorvastatin, the levels of total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), and very low-density lipoprotein cholesterol were significantly decreased (VLDL-C). When compared to the antihyperlipidemic control, the extract was found to have dramatically enhanced HDL-C (70.78%), significantly decreased TC (47.03%), TG (47.51%), LDL-C (41.69%), and VLDL-C (48.00%). In contrast toEscherichia coli ATCC25922, which had the lowest inhibition zones, the 50mg/ml extract onSalmonella ATCC14028had the largest inhibition zone on all examined organisms.P. dulcehas demonstrated phytonutrients, antibacterial effectiveness, and antihyperlipidemic action in ethanolic leaf extract. Our research thus supports the use ofP. dulceas a potential candidate in the search for naturally occurring antibacterial and antihyperlipidemic chemicals.
Occurence of pulmonary fibrosis in COVID-19
Authors: Rasheed Modar Haj , Alahmadi Qusay , Shihabi Farah
Published: October 2022

Background
Post covid pulmonary fibrosis is a seious complication that occurs in covid-19 patients where the normal lung tissue is replaced by a fibrous one due to long periods of disease. Admission into the ICU and severity of disease are most associated with development of post covid pulmonary fibrosis. We plan on investigating the most common risk factors in patients admitting to Damascus hospital
Methods
A cross sectional study involving 314 patients who were admitted to Damascus hospital in the periods between july 2020 to december 2021
Results
There was a statistically significant relationship between the severity of the disease and onset of fibrosis (p < 0.05). Regarding demographic variables such as age and sex we were unable to find any association with these factors
Conclusion
In order to prevent fibrosis in survivors, it is of utmost importance to provide clinical care especially those that have been admitted with severe manifestations or had chronic disease as they were at a risk of developing pulmonary fibrosis in the future.
Power System Flexibility Analysis for Energy Pathways in Vietnam
Authors: Tan Naomi , Harrison John , Howells Mark
Published: October 2022

As Vietnam increases the amount of variable renewable energy such as solar and wind in the electricity system, technical challenges regarding balancing the load and generation at all times arises. This paper models six potential energy pathways and their respective power flexibility to investigate possible issues such as curtailment and loss of load and recommendations on how best to address them. Based on the results, main insights are highlighted, with the aim of providing key stakeholders in energy policy strong modelling analysis on potential and practical energy mix alternatives over the next 20–30 years. Modelling suggests that an uptake of renewable energy will allow Vietnam to achieve its climate commitments, with hydropower as baseload, wind as intermediate load, and solar as peak load. To address variable renewable energy curtailment from wind and solar, electric vehicle charging may be incorporated into the electricity grid. Sustainable biomass may also be utilized fully to avoid use of intermittent renewable energy. This paper concludes the key findings with recommendations on achieving the optimal pathway for the development of Vietnam’s energy sector.
Analyzing Pollution Emissions and Economic Growth in Asia Through the Lens of the Environmental Kuznets Curve
Authors: Ponce Brian Jason H. , Garcia Yolanda T. , Cuevas Agham C. , Carnaje Gideon P.
Published: October 2022

The Environmental Kuznets Curve (EKC) hypothesis posits an inverted-U relationship between pollution emissions and economic growth. This means that economic growth goes hand-in-hand with environmental pollution emissions until a turning point is reached where pollution emissions and economic growth begin to decouple. This study examined the nonlinear cointegrating relationship of pollution emissions with economic growth alongside select developmental variables to test the EKC hypothesis using a panel data sample comprising 34 Asian economies over the period 2001 to 2013. The study estimated panel Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) models in the forms of Pooled Mean Group (PMG) and Mean Group (MG) models, which were tested against one another using the Hausman specification test. For robustness checks, the same procedure was applied to disaggregated panel groupings by income classifications of Asian economies. The results reveal that the EKC hypothesis holds in the total Asia sample; but not robust across the disaggregated panel groups. Interestingly, the EKC holds only among the middle-income economies and not among the low-income and high-income economies. The turning point GDP in the Asian EKC was estimated to be within the range of US$ 32,003 to US$ 38,793 per capita, confirming that only Singapore, Japan, and the United Arab Emirates were the only economies to have transitioned towards the coveted second half of the EKC, while some economies like Hong Kong and Israel are almost at the turning point. These findings support the argument that majority of the Asian economies have not yet reached the ideal phase where economic growth decouples with environmental degradation.
Bioaccumulation of heavy metals in different fishes of Gangetic river system in Varanasi and its health risk assessment
Authors: Mishra Bhargawi , Gautam Geeta J. , Mishra V. N.
Published: October 2022

Heavy metal load is one of the factor causing deterioration of water quality of rivers and anthropogenic activities being the major cause. Present article is an attempt to evaluate the potential human health risks posed by four heavy metals (Pb, Mn, Cr and Cd). We have estimated the concentration of these heavy metal at different points of river Ganga as well as at confluence point of Ganga and Varuna rivers as follows: Pb 1.29 mg/L, Mn 1.325 mg/L, Cr 0.169 mg/L and Cd 0.161mg/L, which was above than the permissible limits stated by Environment protection agency EPA in drinking water. Randomly seven indigenous species of fishes were collected from the wild and were processed for checking the occurrence of these metals in the tissues such as Gills, Liver and Muscle. In all the seven selected fish species, degree of heavy metal concentration followed liver > gills > muscles. Highest accumulation of Pb was observed in Cyprinus carpio liver (8.86 µg/g) and lowest in Baikari muscles (0.07 µg/g). Total THQ value i.e. hazard index (HI) of metals was calculated for these fish species that are frequently consumed and the data showed HI values in following sequence: C.carpio > O. nilotus > C.punctatus > J.coitor > M.armatus > M.tengara > Baikari. Average HI value for C. carpio and O. nilotus was found above 1 which indicates that intake of heavy metals through these species may cause health hazard for human. Maximum HI was recorded in Carpio, which is highly consumed fish by human, hence may be harmful to them. These findings pose a threat to human population and hence needs regular monitoring of metals in fishes to prevent entry into food chain and its effect on the human beings.
Self-inflicted Total Amputation of the External Genitalia as a Psychological Repercussion of the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Case Report
Authors: AL-Fahdi Amal , AlZain Ibrahim , Al-Mahrouqi Tamadhir , AL-Aamri Harith , AL-Huseini Salim
Published: October 2022

During COVID19 Pandemic, mandatory quarantine has interrupted normal social life, leaving many individuals feeling confined and lonely, with increased rates of suicide and suicidal behavior. We report a case of a 52-years-old male with no significant medical and psychiatric history who was admitted to the hospital after attempting suicide by self-inflicted total amputation of the external genitalia associated due to fear of COVID-19 infection. The diathesis-stress linked with the tribulation of the current pandemic was highlighted as well as other possible contributory factors for his presentation.
Mechanical Analyses of Denim Fabrics Laminated with Recycled Polyethylene Packaging Wastes
Authors: YALÇIN ENİŞ İpek , SEZGİN Hande
Published: October 2022

Due to the increasing population and production rate in the world, the amount of waste accumulating in solid waste sites is increasing day by day. In particular, disposable packaging wastes go to landfills after they are used, and this situation poses a serious risk when evaluated in terms of solid waste management. On the other hand, the textile industry, which has a large production volume, causes tons of textile waste to be buried in solid waste sites. The major goal of this study is to produce 100% recycled laminated textiles by combining waste from denim fabric and polyethylene bottle caps, which are the priority waste categories for both industries. In this context, low and high density polyethylene waste bottle caps were recycled separately by the hot press method, and the matrix plates obtained were laminated to waste denim fabrics. The physical and mechanical properties of the produced laminated fabrics were tested, and the results were discussed by comparing them with the test results of polyethylene plates and denim fabrics. The findings demonstrated that high density polyethylene could be processed more easily in the lamination process and also imparted better mechanical properties to the fabric to which it was laminated compared to low density polyethylene. These laminated textiles with 100% waste content are expected to provide a sustainable substitute for value-added products that can be used especially in outdoor application areas such as awnings with their improved properties.
Investigation of Shelf Life for Door Seal Mixture in Automotive Industry
Authors: KANTOĞLU Barış , DÜZDAR ARGUN İrem , CİHAN Ahmet , GÜNER Yusuf
Published: October 2022

The door seals for vehicles in automotive industry, which are one of the most important components, provide insulation and damping. Quality of the product highly depends on the shelf life of the seal compound under required temperature. The most important parameters of the compound are its viscosity and scorch values. The aim of this study is to determine the most suitable shelf life in manufacturing and storage processes for seal compound. For stating the important factors affecting shelf life of frequently used main two types of seal compound, interviews are made with the producing firm. Then for both types of compound, series of controlled experiments are performed, and linear estimation models are developed with the help of the results of these experiments. In this study, the results of generated multi variable regression models are presented. It is seen that the generated estimation models can be employed by the producers, and the results of the experiments are overlapping with the results of studies performed in the literature.
The Dynamics of Regional Economic Growth and the Priorities of US Regional Economic Policy
Authors: Minat V. N.
Published: October 2022

Stimulation of the pace and formation of the structure of regional economic growth is invariably one of the fundamental goals of the regional economic policy pursued by the subjects of the federal state. In the context of the cyclical development of regional economic systems and the beginning of the regionalization of the economy of the world leader – the United States of America - the problem of spatial and temporal differentiation of the choice of priorities to stimulate regional economic growth is becoming more urgent. Using the methods of regression modeling and economic statistics, an analysis was made of the influence of the main instruments of regional economic policy on the dynamics of regional economic growth over a long period of time 1961–2020 and forecast up to 2030. The obtained results revealed spatial asymmetries in the combination of the use of fiscal instruments and structural investment measures to regulate economic growth, associated with the level of development of subregions and individual states of the country. The transfer of the investment burden to stimulate regional economic growth in times of crisis to the end consumer is noted. The article substantiates the increasing role of such an instrument of regional policy as the selective regulation of aggregate regional export in the long term, indicating the transition from globalization to regionalization of the development of the economic systems of the states and largest municipalities of the United States to maintain the pace of regional economic growth while changing its structure.