bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Petrological and geochemical comparison of the Eisler and Laonil Lake Intrusive Complexes, Glennie Domain, northern Saskatchewan
Authors: Witvoet Leela
Published: March 2020

The Seabee Gold Operation, located in northern Saskatchewan, ~125 km northeast of La Ronge, has been in continuous operation since 1991. The host rocks for the gold mineralization are the volcanic and plutonic rocks of the Pine Lake greenstone belt, which represent a volcanic island arc terrane that was accreted onto proto-North America and was metamorphosed during the Trans-Hudson orogen ca. 1.8 billion years ago. An older volcanic package (“A”) is separated from a younger volcanic package (“B”) by a regional unconformity. The Laonil Lake Intrusive Complex, which hosts the Seabee gold deposit, and the Eisler Intrusive Complex are thought to be part of Assemblage A, based on an imprecise age determination of the Laonil Lake Intrusive Complex and by initial comparative observation of the Laonil and Eisler Intrusive Complexes. This study aims to better understand the age and tectonic setting of the Laonil Lake Intrusive Complex and its relationship to the nearby Eisler Intrusive Complex—which might represent the same igneous event, and therefore be of interest as an exploration target. Methods to test their correlation include whole rock geochemistry, petrography, Sm-Nd isotopes, and U-Pb geochronology. Preliminary modal mineralogy of samples was used to derive rock names (using pre-metamorphic names); the Laonil Lake Intrusive Complex samples are quartz gabbro and tonalite, whereas the Eisler Intrusive Complex samples are tonalite, quartz gabbro, gabbro, and pyroxenite. The preliminary age determinations of the Laonil Lake and Eisler Intrusive Complexes are ca. 1877 Ma and 1884 Ma, respectively. The geochemical signatures of all samples suggest derivation in a volcanic arc setting. The samples exhibit a slight LREE enrichment and epsilon Nd values (+3.61 to +4.65) that suggest a depleted mantle source for the magmas. The ages of Laonil Lake and Eisler Intrusive Complexes suggest that both are part of Assemblage A. The results of this research will provide constraints on the correlation between the Pine Lake greenstone belt and other volcanic belts in the Trans-Hudson orogeny.
Інформаційне повідомлення
Authors: Лещенко Олександр
Published: March 2020

Information message:- 12th International Conference on Antenna Theory and Techniques (June 22-27, 2020);- XX International Propulsion Engineering Congress (September 8-13, 2020);- Scientific and practical student conference "Modern problems of engine building, energy and intellectual mechanics-2020" (May 19-20, 2020).
国土资源测绘中3S技术的应用分析
Authors: 包 鹏章
Published: March 2020

国土资源包括了国家管辖范围内的所有资源,如土地资源、海洋资源、生物资源、矿产资源等,能够为社会建设和经济发展提供基本物质条件。随着现代测绘技术的发展,以全球定位系统GPS、地理信息系统GIS、遥感技术RS为主体的3S测绘技术,其在国土资源管理中的应用,提升了国土资源勘测的准确性水平。文章从3S技术的内涵出发,就其在国土资源测绘中的应用情况进行了分析,希望能够促进国土资源测绘工作效果的提高。
水文地质问题在工程地质勘察中的重要性
Authors: 姜 君华
Published: March 2020

随着经济一体化的发展,许多工程项目也都被开发了出来,在一项工程开始前,首先要做好地质勘查工作,否则,一旦没有做好就很容易引造成安全事故。而水文地质在地质勘查当中是非常重要的,它所包含的内容主要是工程周围地下水的分部情况。要是没有做好地质勘查工作,在建设工程时没有对地下水进行合理的处置,那么就很容易给工程的建设制造很多安全隐患。所以,在本文中也是对于水文地质问题在工程地质勘查当中重要性的分析是非常有意义的,同时也希望可以引起一些相关人员的重视。
第三次国土调查中做好地籍测绘工作的策略探讨
Authors: 牛 亚莉 , 杜 祥亭
Published: March 2020

地籍测绘工作质量直接决定着国土调查数据的精准性。国土调查作为我国一项重要的法定制度,是我国如实掌握土地资源现状的重要方式。第三次国土调查是在第二次国土调查数据基础之上展开,有助于国家进一步掌握我国土地资源使用情况。本文对第三次国土调查中做好地籍测绘工作策略进行了相应分析。希望可以给相关工作者带来借鉴参考价值,并促进我国土地资源得到科学合理利用。
土木工程设计与绿色施工的可持续发展
Authors: 谭 明彦
Published: March 2020

本文简述了土木工程设计和绿色施工的可持续发展现状,并提出了具有针对性特点的推动土木工程可持续发展的对应措施。
基于北斗卫星系统的露天矿边坡稳定性应用研究
Authors: 李 森 , 张 斌 , 张 轩斌
Published: March 2020

露天矿边坡的稳定性涉及地面设施的安全及生产的连续性。边坡岩体的滑动变形往往受到岩体岩性特征、地质构造、地震作用、地下水、气象条件、边坡设计等等因素,其影响因素较为复杂,往往受多方面因素互相影响、相互制约。故而在矿山日常剥采生产过程中,对于边坡进行不间断监测形变情况就显得尤为重要。本项目采用北斗卫星监测系统,对山煤集团河曲露天矿东帮、西帮、内排土场、1号排土场、2号排土场进行实时、高精度自动化监测。
工程测量的发展与需求
Authors: 刘 奇
Published: March 2020

在现代工程施工中,因其具有体量较高、工艺复杂的特点,需对各项数据进行精准计算及测量。工程测量学随着社会经济的快速发展得到了广泛应用,在各项工程建设中发挥出了重要作用。工程测量与各项工程建设息息相关,如在城市建设、水电水利、交通、地质等行业内均有着较大的应用空间。本文介绍了工程测量的发展趋势及方向,并对工程测量技术及其实际应用方面做了深入分析。
岩石天然状态与饱水状态单轴压缩试验对比研究
Authors: 欧阳 奇 , 谭 玉芳 , 王 雅南
Published: March 2020

本文以浙江天台大佛洞的含砾砂岩为例,进行了岩石天然状态与饱水状态下的单轴压缩对比试验,试验发现含砾砂岩在饱水状态下其单轴抗压强度明显下降,且弹性模量和泊松比等力学参数也出现一定的下降。因此,在实际工程中有必要考虑砂岩在吸水饱和后的强度变化情况。
Pelatihan bagi ibu rumah tangga sebagai upaya penanggulangan jeratan bank keliling
Authors: Pertiwi Syafira Putri
Published: March 2020

This study aims to find an effort to overcome bank entanglement in the village of Kalong 1 Leuwisadeng Bogor through training for housewives. The research method used is a survey method with a sample of 30 housewives in RW 02. The results of this study indicate that the factors causing the use of mobile banks in RW 02 Kalong 1 Village are those who are in need of money for their needs, for example for additional capital for trade, school needs, their daily living needs and even to meet real consumptive needs only for satisfy self-will. Based on the results of the data analysis, it can be concluded that the efforts that can be made to overcome the bondage of mobile banks are to put up an appeal banner and the socialization of community leaders and religious leaders to residents of RW 02 Kalong 1 Village.

 

Abstrak

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menemukan upaya penanggulangan jeratan bank keliling di Desa Kalong 1 Leuwisadeng Bogor melalui pelatihan bagi ibu rumah tangga. Metode penelitian yang digunakan yaitu metode survey dengan sampel ibu rumah tangga yang berada di RW 02 sebanyak 30 orang. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa faktor penyebab penggunaan bank keliling di RW 02 Desa Kalong 1 karena mereka yang sedang membutuhkan uang untuk kebutuhan mereka misalkan untuk modal tambahan dagang, keperluan sekolah, kebutuhan hidup sehari-sehari mereka dan bahkan untuk memenuhi kebutuhan konsumtif yang sesungguhnya hanya untuk memuaskan keinginan diri. Berdasarkan hasil analisis data dapat disimpulkan bahwa upaya yang dapat dilakukan untuk menanggulangi jeratan bank keliling yaitu dengan memasang spanduk himbauan dan sosialisasi tokoh masyarakat dan tokoh agama kepada warga RW 02 Desa Kalong 1.

 
LOGISTICS CONCEPTS AND LOGISTICS 4.0
Authors: Glistau Elke , Coello Machado Norge Isaias
Published: March 2020

The paper describes the terms Industry 4.0 and Logistics 4.0 as two of the most important trends in production and logistics. Industrie 4.0 (Industry 4.0) is a German term and a synonym for the fourth industrial revolution. It is connected with the common trend of digitalization, virtualization and networking of data and information. The term Logistics 4.0 brands the specific application of Industry 4.0 in the area of logistics. Therefore a new research approach was developed the “Smart Logistics Zone” (SLZ) by Fraunhofer IFF and Otto von Guericke University Magdeburg. This is defined as a scalable examination and action area for the analysis, evaluation, planning, control, regulation and (re-) configuration of logistics solutions [1]. The Smart Logistics Zone differs into logistics objects, logistics processes, logistical systems and logistics infrastructure. Every logistics solution should be built by using all of these four aspects in a free combination by increasing dynamics and complexity. Industry 4.0 and Logistics 4.0 create new business processes. The question is, how will they change the traditional logistics concepts and strategies? The paper answers the following research questions: What are solutions of Logistics 4.0? Are there any successful realized solutions, which optimize logistics at a whole? Which requirements on logistics management will exist according to the criteria of Industry 4.0/Logistics 4.0? Are the classic logistics strategies still valid according to the digital transformation process?
山区高速公路桥梁建设特点及优化设计
Authors: 李 宗卫
Published: March 2020

随着我国经济社会的发展，不管是人们的出行需求还是区域之间的交通需求对于道路桥梁工程项目的建设有了更高的要求，高速公路工程项目的建设大大推动了我国交通运输行业的发展，当前道路工程项目的建设难度有了很大的提升，特别是在山区地带进行工程项目的建造环节，需要较高的道路桥梁工程项目设计标准。同时，由于建造施工区域的特殊性，应严格注意工程项目建造施工的质量控制和管理，进一步保障道路桥梁工程项目建设的安全和工程项目建造的质量。
铁矿粉低硅烧结技术探究
Authors: 刘 宝
Published: March 2020

铁矿粉低硅烧结技术的影响要素较多，文章以某钢铁企业的铁矿粉为研究对象，对其进行烧结杯实验，明确影响铁矿粉低硅烧结的因素，并结合各要素的影响规律，给出最佳铁矿粉低硅烧结参数，为钢铁企业优化低硅烧结技术，提高冶炼质量及产量提供帮助。
建筑工程管理施工过程中质量控制与进度控制策略分析
Authors: 郝 少棚
Published: March 2020

建筑工程项目建设过程中涉及的作业内容较多，一旦其中一个环节出现问题，将会导致工程存在质量问题、进度慢问题，从而使得工程不能顺利的通过验收，所以施工单位要对工程施工管理工作加强重视，尤其是要管理好工程项目的施工质量与进度，使得工程项目可以保质保量的尽快施工建成，发生施工质量及进度问题的风险较小。
市政建筑暖通与给排水常见质量通病防治措施
Authors: 冯 艳 , 祝 青超
Published: March 2020

近年来，随着我国经济实力的不断提升，市政建筑行业的发展非常迅猛，其在暖通工程上取得了非常大的进步。给排水工程作为市政建筑工程中非常重要的一组成部分，其建筑质量直接影响到居民的生活质量。很多建筑单位都没有给予给排水系统足够的重视，导致总是出现各种各样的问题，从而使得给排水工程无法达到预期的设计效果，使得建筑暖通的整体质量下降。城市给排水工程的有效性直接取决于市政给排水管道设计水平及工程质量。科学合理地设计市政给排水工程、加强给排水工程质量控制是发挥基础设施服务功能、建设现代化城市的重要举措。
智慧管理在深基坑边坡工程的推广与应用
Authors: 钟 伟 , 杨 荣 , 朱 睿 , 陈 策
Published: March 2020

针对清华大学深圳国际校区（一期）工程具有开挖深度大、地质复杂、周边环境影响大等特点，将智慧管理与项目施工相结合，论述智慧管理在深基坑高边坡工程的应用思路，为承接类似工程的施工企业提供经验参考。
农村公路老桥的典型病害特征与加固设计方法分析
Authors: 张 丽
Published: March 2020

近年来，随着我国经济社会的急速发展，整个国家的综合国力的提升为各项建设打下了坚实的物质基础和技术基础，特别是基础设计的建设极大的便捷了人们的生活生产，中国广大农村地区通网、通电、通路，也让农村充分的融入到经济社会发展当中来，农民充分享受改革发展的红利。全国各地甚至是一些偏远的山区也都修建了各种类型的农村道路，这些道路在农村的发展中起着极为重要的作用。如果在这些农村公路的使用过程中出现结构的破损和问题，这不仅会影响农村地区的交通出行效率，而且会严重阻碍该区域的经济社会发展。因此，必须要充分的研究农村地区公路损害的特征，保证农村公路的顺利通行。
THE EFFECT OF LEARNER DIFFERENCES AND TEACHING OF COLLOCATION ON STUDENTS’ COLLOCATION COMPETENCE
Authors: Ginanti Endah , Rochman Eko Fachtur
Published: March 2020

Collocation has a fairly prominent role in English Language. For non-native speakers, the years learning English does not mean non-native speakers are able to apply collocation correctly. Non-native speakers will face great difficulty in collocation because they have limited quantity of doing much exposure and their learner differences such as motivation. This current study critically reviews Mansoor Ganji’s (2012) work which investigated the influence of Gender and Years of Instruction on Iranian EFL learners’ Collocational Competence. Ganji’s found that Iranian English majors were weak in lexical collocation in spite of English had been taught at least 6 years and teachers seemed not to pay attention to collocation teaching in Iran. This study is descriptive qualitative. This study shows that teachers teach collocation both implicitly and explicitly. However, most of students are still weak in collocation. This study also shows that lack of exposure influences students’ collocational competence.
CHARACTERIZATION ANALYSIS OF THE MAIN CHARACTERS OF “ FIRST THEY KILLED MY FATHER” MOVIE BY ANGELINA JOLIE
Authors: Ifianti Trisnian , Rahman Anita Kurnia
Published: March 2020

Literary work, especially film, gives life a lot of inspiration. Movie makes the reader aware that the story that happens in a movie is a reflection of a real life. Characters are people in narratives, and characterization explains things done by a character. Moreover, there are several reasons why the writer studied characterization of the main character in “The Social Network” Movie Script, First, the writer is interested in studying literature about movie,  this movie has remarkable characters. Second, this movie can give inspiration to all people about fight against arbitrariness and peacefull campaign. Statements of the research problem are: 1) What is the physical appearance of the main characters? 2) How is the personality of the main characters? 3) How is the social status of the main characters? 4) How is the social relationship of the main characters? The purpose of this analysis is to explain: 1) the physical appearance of the main characters, 2) the personality of the main characters, 3) the social status of the main characters, 4) the main characters’ social relationship. The approach used in this analysis is qualitative research, the research data are all phrases and dialogs between characters in the film that are linked to character characterization. The results of this research show that the main characters Loung Ung and Pa/ Mr. Ung have made a great contribution to the plot. Characterization is about the physical appearance, personality, social status and social relationship of the main characters. Loung Ung’s physical appearance are little girl,  slender build, average hair, caramel skin. Pa/ Mr. Ung physical appearances are average build, male, moon shape eyes, and caramel skin. Both of the main character have brave personalities, love and care, and love the whole family. For the social status they are moderate family and live in apartement in the city . Pa/ Mr.Ung is well educated person because he is an officer. Pa/ Mr.Ung has a good social relationship with the people surrounding, but Loung Ung doesn’t have a good social relationship with the people surrounding her because she is passive.
Atmospheric characteristics favorable for the development of mesoscale convective complexes in southern Brazil
Authors: Moraes FDS , Aquino FE , Mote TL , Durkee JD , Mattingly KS
Published: March 2020

Mesoscale convective complexes (MCCs) are meteorological events that result in severe storms, hail, flood, and tornadoes, but they are difficult to forecast. In South America (SA), MCCs are usually larger and last longer than those in the USA. Southern Brazil (SB) is one of their preferred regions of occurrence. This study’s objective was to contribute to the identification of the main physical characteristics and atmospheric environment that favors the occurrence of MCCs in SB and determine how these events are unique relative to other subtropical SA (OSSA) regions. Results indicate that SB MCCs last longer (+3 h) and their average maximum extent is at least 50000 km2larger than OSSA MCCs. The atmospheric environment of SB MCCs meets the criteria already indicated in previous studies, with the northerly low-level jet (LLJ), which brings humidity from the Amazon Basin to the SB MCCs genesis area, coupling with the upper-level jet (ULJ). Moreover, SB MCCs have the South Atlantic as their second source of moisture, which is advected by anticyclonic circulation in the southwestern South Atlantic. This indicates that SB MCCs have unique characteristics compared to OSSA MCCs, including 2 main atmospheric circulation systems responsible for moisture advection to the SB genesis region. For comparison, OSSA MCCs are more dependent on the South Atlantic Convergence Zone (SACZ) and the advection of moisture by the LLJ from the Amazon Basin to north-central Argentina and west-central and southeast Brazil.
A Study on Named Entity Recognition with OpenNLP at English Texts
Authors: Bilgin Metin
Published: March 2020

Named entity recognition is a subject, inside of information retrieval which is a subdomain of natural processing. It pertains to identifying and labeling of location, person, organization, etc., inside of text content. Named entity recognition provides identifying and classifying of person, area, etc. inside of formal and informal text content and it can be used for different purposes as question answering systems and removal of the relation between events. In this work, named entity recognition is performed and one method is suggested and results are discussed for assignment to unlabeled name entities by using OpenNLP library with the help of KNIME program in the data set.
Expert System Of Nose Disease With Hybrid Method
Authors: Wiyandra Yogi , Yenila Firna
Published: March 2020

Nasal disease is a type of disease that is classified as often afflicting someone. And it is not uncommon among people to conduct a direct examination on ENT specialists to find out the type of disease they are experiencing. Thus an alternative is needed to find out early the problems that arise from the nose. The intended alternative is to build a system in the form of an expert system that uses one's expertise in providing knowledge in the form of a nose condition. The system was built using a hybrid method that combines the forward chaining method and the certainty factor. So, the results or knowledge given to the public is confirmed by the percentage given.
Maskawin sebagai Pertahanan Strata Sosial Samagat Etnik Dayak Tamambaloh
Authors: Efriani Efriani , Dewantara Jagad Aditya , Praptantya Donatianus BSE , Darmawan Diaz Restu , Hijjang Pawennari
Published: March 2020

Dayak Tamambaloh terbagi dalam 4 kelas sosial; Samagat, Pabiring, Ulun/Banua dan Pangkam. Samagat merupakan strata tertinggi dan memiliki hak sebagai pemimpin yang disebut Tamanggung.  Tamanggung merupakan seorang Samagat dengan darah yang murni tidak tercampur dengan strata dibawahnya. Karena itu, Samagat wajib menikah sesama Samagat dengan tujuan melestarikan keturunan bagi lahirnya calon Tamanggung. Namun kewajiban ini berbenturan dengan sistem perkawinan eksogami keluarga inti Dayak Tamambaloh. Dengan demikian, penelitian ini bertujuan mengkaji cara Samagat mempertahankan strata sosialnya. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif. Data dikumpulkan dengan wawancara dan observasi. Unit analisis kajian ini adalah Samagat Dayak Tamambaloh. Penelitian ini menunjukkan, terdapat adat panyonyok yang menjadi simbol untuk mempertahankan strata sosial Samagat.  Panyonyok merupakan pemberian maskawin berupa meriam api atau gong atau tempayan oleh mempelai laki-laki kepada mempelai perempuan. Secara simbolik Panyonyok memiliki empat fungsi. Pertama, untuk mempertahankan, menaikkan strata sosial keturunan atau anak. Kedua, simbol penyatuan keluarga luas laki-laki dengan perempuan. Ketiga, simbol jaminan kesetiaan suami-istri. Keempat sebagai media “pamer”, atau suatu wujud prestise. Dalam sistem perkawinan Dayak Tamambaloh, adat panyonyok dapat dilakukan oleh strata Pabiring dan Ulun/Banua. Namun, Fungsi untuk mempertahan dan atau mengangkat strata keturunan, merupakan fungsi utama Panyonyok bagi Samagat. Fungsi ini tidak menjadi tujuan utama panyonyok pada strata pabiring dan Ulun/Banua. Sebagai upaya mempertahankan status sosial ke-samagat-an, adat panyonyok dilakukan dengan cara mambiti dan dambitang. Mambiti apabila seorang laki-laki dari strata pabiring atau ulun/banua menikahi perempuan Samagat. Dambitang apabila seorang laki-laki dari strata Samagat menikahi perempuan Pabiring atau Ulun/Banua.
Desarrollo de competencias interculturales
Authors: Burgos Calderón Deivys Brian
Published: March 2020

La presente investigación tiene como propósito analizar las competencias interculturales como propuesta de formación en lenguas extranjeras utilizando el contexto local como un elemento el cual aterriza y dinamiza la educación bilingüe y acerca de forma adecuada a la compresión de nuevos conceptos culturales. La metodología utilizada fue el estudio de caso etnográfico, lo que implicó un trabajo de campo caracterizado por la observación y participación continúa en instituciones educativas del municipio de Villagómez-Cundinamarca Colombia; se seleccionaron como categorías de análisis: el concepto de ruralidad, interculturalidad, cultura y bilingüismo. El análisis de datos se realizó de una manera descriptiva, la cual busca proporcionar un panorama acerca de la educación rural en lenguas extranjeras y el problema de la dominación cultural desde la perspectiva de los participantes. Este estudio pretende generar en los docentes y estudiantes la consolidación de actitudes positivas encaminadas a la valoración de su sistema cultural mientras adquieren una lengua extranjera. Nuestra apuesta es demostrar que se puede pensar la educación de una lengua extranjera desde una postura más equitativa la cual genere una profunda reflexión en la manera que se llevan estos procesos lingüísticos en contextos rurales.
Estrategia pedagógica una herramienta para el desarrollo de habilidades de la vida diaria en adultos con discapacidad intelectual
Authors: Castro Bejarano Yannis Vannesa
Published: March 2020

Este articulo evidencia un estudio realizado sobre el diseño y ejecución de una estrategia pedagógica como herramienta para el desarrollo de habilidades de la vida diaria de adultos con discapacidad intelectual que habitan en una institución permanentemente. Donde por medio de la observación participante y diarios de campo, se permitió hacer un análisis pedagógico por medio de la aplicación de una batería pedagógica previamente modificada y estandarizada bajo el marco de inclusión del ministerio de educación nacional.Adicional los actores sociales que hicieron parte de la muestra de estudio, estuvo formada por 8 adultos con discapacidad intelectual que habitan permanentemente en una institución, se hizo un estudio bajo un enfoque netamente cualitativo, lo que permitió evidenciar que mediante el diseño, aplicación y evaluación de la estrategia pedagógica, se generó una transformación positiva en el desarrollo de las rutinas de la vida diaria de los actores sociales muestra de estudio, permitiendo en cada sujeto una mejor calidad de vida
Efectos de un programa de entrenamiento para estudiantes de Fisioterapia
Authors: Molina Claudia Ximena
Published: March 2020

Introducción: la práctica de actividad física por parte los estudiantes y profesionales en fisioterapia a nivel nacional es deficiente, aumentando los niveles mundiales de sedentarismo por lo que se propuso un programa validado para entrenamiento físico de futuros profesionales en fisioterapia que mejoren las cualidades físicas más importantes para el desempeño profesional. Objetivos: EL objetivo de esta investigación fue determinar los efectos de un programa de entrenamiento en las cualidades físicas de los estudiantes de VIII y IX semestre del programa de Fisioterapia. Materiales y métodos: Se convocó a 46 participantes estudiantes de VIII y IX semestre del programa de Fisioterapia matriculados, aptos para el programa de entrenamiento, se realizó la aleatorización para determinar los grupos control y experimental con 23 participantes por cada grupo, se midieron las cualidades físicas pre y post  programa con entrenamiento de 12 semanas. Como pruebas estadísticas se aplicó t de Student y Mann-Whitney,  para determinar el tamaño del efecto del programa se aplicó d de Cohen. Resultados: En todas las cualidades físicas se encontraron cambios estadísticamente significativos (P valor < al 0.05),  con efectos relevantes según el estadístico d de Cohen   (d> al  0.2) debido al programa de entrenamiento físico en resistencia cardiovascular, fuerza y flexibilidad. Conclusiones: El programa de entrenamiento mejoro todas las cualidades físicas utilizando método de entrenamiento funcional, autorcargas y flexibilidad global y dinámica  y es aplicable a poblaciones similares.
Aerospace Best Paper Awards 2018
Authors:   Aerospace Editorial Office
Published: March 2020

Aerospace has launched annual awards to recognize outstanding papers published in the journal [...]
Effective Amendments on Cadmium, Arsenic, Chromium and Lead Contaminated Paddy Soil for Rice Safety
Authors: Ullah Aman , Ma Yibing , Li Jumei , Tahir Nazia , Hussain Babar
Published: March 2020

Contamination of paddy soils with heavy metals and metalloids poses a risk to human health through the food chain. For safe agricultural production in contaminated paddy soils, “in situ” remediation through the unavailability of heavy metals from contaminated soils was investigated in order to develop cost-effective and eco-friendly approaches for soils contaminated with complexed heavy metals (HMs) and metalloids. In the present study, the effectiveness of different soil amendments, including sulfur-containing materials (hair or cysteine), manganese compounds as an antagonist and an oxidant, zeolite and iron oxide as adsorbents, and their combinations through coating or modification, was investigated by a pot experiment with rice plants and chemical analysis. Two levels of each treatment were made, termed X1 and X2, which were a single and double dose of each treatment respectively, while CaCO3 was used as a basal and pH enhancement amendment in all treatments to identify the best combination of the above treatments in the in situ remediation of heavy metals and metalloids. The rice plants were kept under the flooded condition. Results indicated that the bioavailability of As, Cd, Cr, and Pb in soil was significantly decreased with level two (X2) of iron oxide coated with modified hairs (T7X2) followed by level two (X2) of zeolite coated with KMnO4. The iron oxide coated with modified hairs (X2) decreased the concentrations of heavy metals and metalloids in rice plants in the order Pb ˃ As ˃ Cr ˃ Cd by 81%, 80%, 79% and 46%, respectively, followed by zeolite coated with KMnO4 (X2) in the order Pb ˃ As ˃ Cr ˃ Cd by 78%, 76%, 71%, and 31%, respectively, to control. The available content of these elements in soil was decreased in the order As > Cr> Pb > Cd by 67%, 66%, 64% and 60%, respectively, through iron oxide coated with modified hairs, followed by zeolite coated with KMnO4 in the order Pb ˃ Cr ˃ Cd ˃ As by 57%, 53%, 50%, and 46%, respectively, to control, which can explain the decreased bioavailability by these amendments. In addition, the maximum shoot dry and leaf area were noticed in the pots treated with iron oxide coated with modified hairs and zeolite coated with KMnO4. There is potential to use modified hairs (MHs) with iron oxide and KMnO4-coated zeolite as soil amendments to develop a cost-effective and efficient “in situ” remediation technology for As, Cd, Pb, and Cr-contaminated rice paddy soils, especially for the soils with complex contamination by Cd and As.
Phytochemicals and Antioxidant Activity of Korean Black Soybean (Glycine max L.) Landraces
Authors: Lee Kyung Jun , Baek Da-Young , Lee Gi-An , Cho Gyu-Taek , So Yoon-Sup , Lee Jung-Ro , Ma Kyung-Ho , Chung Jong-Wook , Hyun Do Yoon
Published: March 2020

Black soybean (Glycine max L.) has been used as a traditional medicine because its seed coat contains various natural phenolic compounds such as anthocyanins. The objective of this study was to reveal the genetic variation in the agricultural traits, phytochemicals, and antioxidant activity of 172 Korean black soybean landraces (KBSLs) and establish a relationship among them. The evaluation of three agricultural traits (days to 50% flowering, maturity, and 100-seed weight), six phytochemicals (delphinidin-3-glucoside, cyaniding-3-glucoside, petunidin-3-glucoside, daidzin, glycitin, and genestin), and four antioxidant activities (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), 2,2′-azino-bis-(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid)(ABTS), ferric-reducing antioxidant power (FRAP), and the total polyphenol content (TPC) of 172 KBSLs were analyzed in 2012 and 2015. The agricultural traits, phytochemicals, and antioxidant activities of the 172 KBSLs showed wide variation among the accessions and years. In correlation analysis, the agricultural traits and phytochemicals showed positive and negative correlations with phytochemicals and antioxidant activity, respectively. The principal component analyses result indicated that phytochemicals accounted for most of the variability in the KBSLs. In clustering analysis, the 172 KBSLs were classified into four clusters. These results could lead to expanding the knowledge of the agricultural traits, phytochemicals, and antioxidant activity of the KBSLs, which are valuable materials for the development of new soybean varieties.
Performance Characteristics of an Orthopter-Type Vertical Axis Wind Turbine in Shear Flows
Authors: Wijayanto Rudi Purwo , Kono Takaaki , Kiwata Takahiro
Published: March 2020

To properly conduct a micro-siting of an orthopter-type vertical axis wind turbine (O-VAWT) in the built environment, this study investigated the effects of horizontal shear flow on the power performance characteristics of an O-VAWT by performing wind tunnel experiments and computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulations. A uniform flow and two types of shear flow (advancing side faster shear flow (ASF-SF) and retreating side faster shear flow (RSF-SF)) were employed as the approaching flow to the O-VAWT. The ASF-SF had a higher velocity on the advancing side of the rotor. The RSF-SF had a higher velocity on the retreating side of the rotor. For each type of shear flow, three shear strengths (Γ = 0.28, 0.40 and 0.51) were set. In the ASF-SF cases, the power coefficients (Cp) were significantly higher than the uniform flow case at all tip speed ratios (λ) and increased with Γ. In the RSF-SF cases, CP increased with Γ. However, when Γ = 0.28, the CP was lower than the uniform flow case at all λ. When Γ = 0.51, the CP was higher than the uniform flow case except at low λ; however, it was lower than the ASF-SF case with Γ = 0.28. The causes of the features of CP were discussed through the analysis of the variation of blade torque coefficient, its rotor-revolution component and its blade-rotation component with azimuthal angle by using the CFD results for flow fields (i.e., horizontal velocity vectors, pressure and vorticity). These results indicate that a location where ASF-SFs with high Γ values dominantly occur is ideal for installing the O-VAWT.
Tribological and Thermal Transport of Ag-Vegetable Nanofluids Prepared by Laser Ablation
Authors: Taha-Tijerina Jaime , Shaji Sadasivan , Sharma Kanakkillam Sreed , Mendivil Palma Maria Isabel , Aviña Karla
Published: March 2020

Lubricants and fluids are critical for metal-mechanic manufacturing operations as they reduce the friction and wear of tooling and components, and serve as coolants to dissipate the heat generated in these operations. The proper application of these materials improves machine operative life and tooling, and decreases cost, energy, and time consumption for maintenance, damage, repairs, or the need to exchange pieces/components within the machinery. Natural or vegetable-based lubricants have emerged as a substitute for mineral oils, which harm the environment due to their low biodegradability and have negative effects on human health (e.g., causing skin/respiratory diseases). Thus, finding biocompatible and efficient lubricants has become a technology objective for researchers and industry. This study evaluates soybean-, corn-, and sunflower-based lubricants reinforced with silver (Ag) nanostructures by a pulsed laser ablation process. Thermal and tribological evaluations were performed with varying Ag contents, and temperature-dependent behavior was observed. Thermal conductivity improvements were observed for all nanofluids as the temperature and Ag concentration increased (between 15% and 24%). A maximum improvement of 24% at 50 °C and 10 min exposure time of the pulsed laser ablation process for soybean oil was observed. The tribological evaluations showed improvements in the load-carrying capacity of the vegetable oils, i.e., an increase from 6% to 24% compared to conventional materials. The coefficient of friction performance also showed enhancements with Ag concentrations between 4% and 15%.
Gaussian Process Synthesis of Artificial Sounds
Authors: Hadjakos Aristotelis
Published: March 2020

In this paper, we propose Gaussian Process (GP) sound synthesis. A GP is used to sample random continuous functions, which are then used for wavetable or waveshaping synthesis. The shape of the sampled functions is controlled with the kernel function of the GP. Sampling multiple times from the same GP generates perceptually similar but non-identical sounds. Since there are many ways to choose the kernel function and its parameters, an interface aids the user in sound selection. The interface is based on a two-dimensional visualization of the sounds grouped by their similarity as judged by a t-SNE analysis of their Mel Frequency Cepstral Coefficient (MFCC) representations.
Analysis and Prediction of the Machining Force Depending on the Parameters of Trochoidal Milling of Hardened Steel
Authors: Šajgalík Michal , Kušnerová Milena , Harničárová Marta , Valíček Jan , Czán Andrej , Czánová Tatiana , Drbúl Mário , Borzan Marian , Kmec Ján
Published: March 2020

Current demands on quality are the engine of searching for new progressive materials which should ensure enough durability in real conditions. Due to their mechanical properties, however, they cannot be applied to conventional machining methods. In respect to productivity, one of the methods is the finding of such machining technologies which allow achieving an acceptable lifetime of cutting tools with an acceptable quality of a machined surface. One of the mentioned technologies is trochoidal milling. Based on our previous research, where the effect of changing cutting conditions (cutting speed, feed per tooth, depth of cut) on tool lifetime was analysed, next, we continued with research on the influences of trochoid parameters on total machining force (step and engagement angle) as parameters adjustable in the CAM (computer-aided machining) system. The main contribution of this research was to create a mathematical-statistical model for the prediction of cutting force. This model allows setting up the trochoid parameters to optimize force load and potentially extend the lifetime of the cutting tool.
Concrete Corrosion Cracking and Transverse Bar Strain Behavior in a Reinforced Concrete Column under Simulated Marine Conditions
Authors: Choe Gyeongcheol , Shinohara Yasuji , Kim Gyuyong , Lee Sangkyu , Lee Euibae , Nam Jeongsoo
Published: March 2020

This study performed accelerated corrosion tests on reinforced concrete (RC) specimens reinforced with transverse steel bars to evaluate the concrete cracking and rebar strain behaviors caused by rebar corrosion. Seven RC specimens were created with variable compressive strengths, rebar diameters, and concrete cover thicknesses. To mimic in-situ conditions, the accelerated corrosion tests applied a current to the longitudinal bar and transverse bar for different periods of time to create an unbalanced chloride ion distribution. These tests evaluated the amount of rebar corrosion, corrosion cracking properties, and transverse bar strain behavior. The corrosion rate of the transverse bar was faster than that of the longitudinal bar, and cracking first occurred in the concreate around the transverse bar in the specimens with low concrete compressive strength and thin concrete cover. Corrosion cracking and rebar strain were greatly affected by the behavior of the corrosion products that resulted from the pore volume and cracking properties of the cement paste.
Application of Zero Average Dynamics and Fixed Point Induction Control Techniques to Control the Speed of a DC Motor with a Buck Converter
Authors: Hoyos Fredy E. , Candelo-Becerra John E. , Hoyos Velasco Carlos I.
Published: March 2020

Several technological applications require well-designed control systems to induce a desired speed in direct current (DC) motors. Some controllers present saturation in the duty cycle, which generates variable switching frequency and subharmonics. The zero average dynamics and fixed point induction control (ZAD-FPIC) techniques have been shown to reduce these problems; however, little research has been done for DC motors, considering fixed switching frequency, quantization effects, and delays. Therefore, this paper presents the speed control of a DC motor by using a buck converter controlled with the ZAD-FPIC techniques. A fourth-order, non-linear mathematical model is used to describe the system dynamics, which combines electrical and electromechanical physical models. The dynamic response and non-linear system dynamics are studied for different scenarios where the control parameters are changed. Results show that the speed of the motor is successfully controlled when using ZAD-FPIC, with a non-saturated duty cycle presenting fixed switching frequency. Simulation and experimental tests show that the controlled system presents a good performance for different quantization levels, which makes it robust to the resolution for the measurement and type of sensor.
Benchmarking MRI Reconstruction Neural Networks on Large Public Datasets
Authors: Ramzi Zaccharie , Ciuciu Philippe , Starck Jean-Luc
Published: March 2020

Deep learning is starting to offer promising results for reconstruction in Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI). A lot of networks are being developed, but the comparisons remain hard because the frameworks used are not the same among studies, the networks are not properly re-trained, and the datasets used are not the same among comparisons. The recent release of a public dataset, fastMRI, consisting of raw k-space data, encouraged us to write a consistent benchmark of several deep neural networks for MR image reconstruction. This paper shows the results obtained for this benchmark, allowing to compare the networks, and links the open source implementation of all these networks in Keras. The main finding of this benchmark is that it is beneficial to perform more iterations between the image and the measurement spaces compared to having a deeper per-space network.
A Stronger Aadaptive Local Dimming Method with Details Preservation
Authors: Zhang Tao , Du Wenli , Wang Hao , Zeng Qin , Fan Long
Published: March 2020

Local dimming technology focuses on improving the contrast ratio of the displayed images for a great visual perception. It consists of backlight extraction and pixel compensation. Considering a single existing backlight extraction algorithm can hardly adapt to images with diverse characteristics and rich details, we propose a stronger adaptive local dimming method with details preservation in this paper. This method, combining the advantages of some existing methods and introducing the combination of the subjective evaluation and the objective evaluation, obtains a stronger adaptation compared with others. Besides, to offset the luminance reduction caused in the backlight extraction process, we improve the bi-histogram equalization algorithm and propose a new pixel compensation method. To preserve image details, the Retinex theory is adopted to separate details. Experimental results demonstrate the effect of the proposed method on contrast ratio improvement and details preservation.
Adaptive Dual-Mode Routing-Based Mobile Data Gathering Algorithm in Rechargeable Wireless Sensor Networks for Internet of Things
Authors: Tang Liangrui , Guo Haobo , Wu Runze , Fan Bing
Published: March 2020

Great improvement recently appeared in terms of efficient service delivery in wireless sensor networks (WSNs) for Internet of things (IoT). The IoT is mainly dependent on optimal routing of energy-aware WSNs for gathering data. In addition, as the wireless charging technology develops in leaps and bounds, the performance of rechargeable wireless sensor networks (RWSNs) is greatly ameliorated. Many researches integrated wireless energy transfer into data gathering to prolong network lifetime. However, the mobile collector cannot visit all nodes under the constraints of charging efficiency and gathering delay. Thus, energy consumption differences caused by different upload distances to collectors impose a great challenge in balancing energy. In this paper, we propose an adaptive dual-mode routing-based mobile data gathering algorithm (ADRMDGA) in RWSNs for IoT. The energy replenishment capability is reasonably allocated to low-energy nodes according to our objective function. Furthermore, the innovative adaptive dual-mode routing allows nodes to choose direct or multi-hop upload modes according to their relative upload distances. The empirical study confirms that ADRMDGA has excellent energy equilibrium and effectively extends the network lifetime.
A Novel Model of Cancer Drug Resistance: Oncosomal Release of Cytotoxic and Antibody-Based Drugs
Authors: Eguchi Takanori , Taha Eman Ahmed , Calderwood Stuart K. , Ono Kisho
Published: March 2020

Extracellular vesicles (EVs), such as exosomes or oncosomes, often carry oncogenic molecules derived from tumor cells. In addition, accumulating evidence indicates that tumor cells can eject anti-cancer drugs such as chemotherapeutics and targeted drugs within EVs, a novel mechanism of drug resistance. The EV-releasing drug resistance phenotype is often coupled with cellular dedifferentiation and transformation in cells undergoing epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), and the adoption of a cancer stem cell phenotype. The release of EVs is also involved in immunosuppression. Herein, we address different aspects by which EVs modulate the tumor microenvironment to become resistant to anticancer and antibody-based drugs, as well as the concept of the resistance-associated secretory phenotype (RASP).
Involvement of Metabolic Lipid Mediators in the Regulation of Apoptosis
Authors: Wójcik Piotr , Žarković Neven , Gęgotek Agnieszka , Skrzydlewska Elżbieta
Published: March 2020

Apoptosis is the physiological mechanism of cell death and can be modulated by endogenous and exogenous factors, including stress and metabolic alterations. Reactive oxygen species (ROS), as well as ROS-dependent lipid peroxidation products (including isoprostanes and reactive aldehydes including 4-hydroxynonenal) are proapoptotic factors. These mediators can activate apoptosis via mitochondrial-, receptor-, or ER stress-dependent pathways. Phospholipid metabolism is also an essential regulator of apoptosis, producing the proapoptotic prostaglandins of the PGD and PGJ series, as well as the antiapoptotic prostaglandins of the PGE series, but also 12-HETE and 20-HETE. The effect of endocannabinoids and phytocannabinoids on apoptosis depends on cell type-specific differences. Cells where cannabinoid receptor type 1 (CB1) is the dominant cannabinoid receptor, as well as cells with high cyclooxygenase (COX) activity, undergo apoptosis after the administration of cannabinoids. In contrast, in cells where CB2 receptors dominate, and cells with low COX activity, cannabinoids act in a cytoprotective manner. Therefore, cell type-specific differences in the pro- and antiapoptotic effects of lipids and their (oxidative) products might reveal new options for differential bioanalysis between normal, functional, and degenerating or malignant cells, and better integrative biomedical treatments of major stress-associated diseases.
Dendritic Cells in Anticancer Vaccination: Rationale for Ex Vivo Loading or In Vivo Targeting
Authors: Baldin Alexey V. , Savvateeva Lyudmila V. , Bazhin Alexandr V. , Zamyatnin Andrey A.
Published: March 2020

Dendritic cells (DCs) have shown great potential as a component or target in the landscape of cancer immunotherapy. Different in vivo and ex vivo strategies of DC vaccine generation with different outcomes have been proposed. Numerous clinical trials have demonstrated their efficacy and safety in cancer patients. However, there is no consensus regarding which DC-based vaccine generation method is preferable. A problem of result comparison between trials in which different DC-loading or -targeting approaches have been applied remains. The employment of different DC generation and maturation methods, antigens and administration routes from trial to trial also limits the objective comparison of DC vaccines. In the present review, we discuss different methods of DC vaccine generation. We conclude that standardized trial designs, treatment settings and outcome assessment criteria will help to determine which DC vaccine generation approach should be applied in certain cancer cases. This will result in a reduction in alternatives in the selection of preferable DC-based vaccine tactics in patient. Moreover, it has become clear that the application of a DC vaccine alone is not sufficient and combination immunotherapy with recent advances, such as immune checkpoint inhibitors, should be employed to achieve a better clinical response and outcome.
Recycling Molybdenum from Direct Coal Liquefaction Residue: A New Approach to Enhance Recycling Efficiency
Authors: Wu Chunling , Luo Yang , Zhao Kai , Yu Xiaobing , Zhang Xian , Guo Xuqiang
Published: March 2020

In this paper, direct coal liquefaction residue was prepared from Shen-dong coal, and the solubility of the residue in five organic solvents was studied. Then, an experimental device was set up to recover molybdenum (Mo) compounds from the direct coal liquefaction residue after extraction, and the influences of sublimation temperature and duration on recycling efficiency were examined. The recycled Mo-based products were characterized using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), and a thermal analyzer. The results reveal that the optimum extraction conditions were obtained through ultrasonic extraction with a quinoline solvent and the highest recycling efficiency occurred for sublimation at 900 °C for 30 min. The recycled products are identified to be α-MoO3 crystals. Moreover, the α-MoO3 crystal is thermally stable before the temperature reaches its melting point.
Photosynthetic Picoeukaryotes Diversity in the Underlying Ice Waters of the White Sea, Russia
Authors: Belevich Tatiana A. , Ilyash Ludmila V. , Milyutina Irina A. , Logacheva Maria D. , Troitsky Aleksey V.
Published: March 2020

The White Sea is a unique basin combining features of temperate and arctic seas. The current state of its biocenoses can serve as a reference point in assessing the expected desalination of the ocean as a result of climate change. A metagenomic study of under-ice ice photosynthetic picoeukaryotes (PPEs) was undertaken by Illumina high-throughput sequencing of the 18S rDNA V4 region from probes collected in March 2013 and 2014. The PPE biomass in samples was 0.03–0.17 µg C·L−1 and their abundance varied from 10 cells·mL−1 to 140 cells·mL−1. There were representatives of 16 algae genera from seven classes and three supergroups, but Chlorophyta, especially Mamiellophyceae, dominated. The most represented genera were Micromonas and Mantoniella. For the first time, the predominance of Mantoniella (in four samples) and Bolidophyceae (in one sample) was observed in under-ice water. It can be assumed that a change in environmental conditions will lead to a considerable change in the structure of arctic PPE communities.
Time-Varying Risk Aversion and the Profitability of Carry Trades: Evidence from the Cross-Quantilogram
Authors: Demirer Riza , Gupta Rangan , Hassani Hossein , Huang Xu
Published: March 2020

This paper examines the predictive power of time-varying risk aversion over payoffs to the carry trade strategy via the cross-quantilogram methodology. Our analysis yields significant evidence of directional predictability from risk aversion to daily carry trade returns tracked by the Deutsche Bank G10 Currency Future Harvest Total Return Index. The predictive power of risk aversion is found to be stronger during periods of moderate to high risk aversion and largely concentrated on extreme fluctuations in carry trade returns. While large crashes in carry trade returns are associated with significant rises in investors’ risk aversion, we also found that booms in carry trade returns can be predicted at high quantiles of risk aversion. The results highlight the predictive role of extreme investor sentiment in currency markets and regime specific patterns in carry trade returns that can be captured via quantile-based predictive models.
Synthesis and Analysis of the Fixed-Point Hodgkin–Huxley Neuron Model
Authors: Andreev Valery , Ostrovskii Valerii , Karimov Timur , Tutueva Aleksandra , Doynikova Elena , Butusov Denis
Published: March 2020

In many tasks related to realistic neurons and neural network simulation, the performance of desktop computers is nowhere near enough. To overcome this obstacle, researchers are developing FPGA-based simulators that naturally use fixed-point arithmetic. In these implementations, little attention is usually paid to the choice of numerical method for the discretization of the continuous neuron model. In our study, the implementation accuracy of a neuron described by simplified Hodgkin–Huxley equations in fixed-point arithmetic is under investigation. The principle of constructing a fixed-point neuron model with various numerical methods is described. Interspike diagrams and refractory period analysis are used for the experimental study of the synthesized discrete maps of the simplified Hodgkin–Huxley neuron model. We show that the explicit midpoint method is much better suited to simulate the neuron dynamics on an FPGA than the explicit Euler method which is in common use.