bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Novel meta-ensemble modelling approach and comparison of machine-learning models for rebar price estimation
Authors: Guvel Sahin Tolga , Budak Abdulkadir , Karataş Ibrahim
Published: February 2025

The early determination of costs in construction projects is crucial for the planning of expenses throughout each investment stage. Making realistic cost calculations is an effective way of preventing cost overruns that may occur in later stages. Rebar price prediction by considering economic indicators significantly affects investment costs and decisions. Therefore, in this study, using historical data for rebar construction material and economic indicators, nine machine-learning algorithms were used to determine the estimated rebar price for 1-, 3-, 6-, 9-, and 12-month lags. The voting meta-ensemble machine-learning algorithm exhibited the best performance for all lag periods investigated. The most successful estimate was obtained for a 3-month lag period. The mean absolute percentage error (MAPE) and coefficient of determination (R2) values for the rebar price estimation during this period were 3.79 % and 95.51 %, respectively.
Investigating microarchitectural characteristics of woven bone exposed to ionizing radiation: comparative analysis of two segmentation methods and their impact on trabecular measurements in an animal study
Authors: Pitorro Tássio Edno Atanásio , Irie Milena Suemi , Bites Clara de Oliveira Barbosa , Barbosa Gabriella Lopes de Rezende , Rabelo Gustavo Davi , Soares Priscilla Barbosa Ferreira
Published: February 2025

The study aimed to evaluate bone formation in surgical defects exposed to ionizing radiation (IR) and to compare two image segmentation methods: manual and standardized delimitation of the region-of-interest (ROI). Bone defects were created in the tibias of Wistar rats using a 2.3 mm trephine. After seven days, the animals were exposed to IR (30 Gy single dose). Two weeks later, the animals were euthanized, and their tibias were scanned using X-ray microtomography. ROI definition was performed by a single operator using two methods: (a) interactive segmentation, where the woven bone was manually outlined within the bone defect region, and (b) a standardized, predefined rectangular ROI. Bone volume fraction (BV/TV), trabecular thickness (Tb.Th), trabecular separation (Tb.Sp), trabecular number (Tb.N), bone surface (BS/BV), and fractal dimension (FD) were assessed for both segmentation methods. Significant differences were observed for BV/TV (p<0.001), Tb.N (p<0.001), and Tb.Sp (p<0.001), but not for Tb.Th (p=0.71), BS/BV (p=0.79), and FD (p=0.35). The manual method was approximately 3.5 times more time-consuming than the predefined ROI method (446.2±49.5 vs 131.2±38.8 s, p<0.001). None of the evaluated parameters showed significant differences when the IR was considered. Within the limitations of this study, the finding indicate that IR does not interfere with the bone repair process when delivered post-surgery. While manual segmentation is more time consuming, it retrieves greater bone volume and reveals differences in trabecular structure, showing more trabeculae number and less trabeculae separation in irradiated bone.
How to measure human capital for reporting purposes?
Authors: Renkas Iryna
Published: February 2025

The aim of this article is to present thermodynamic models of human capital measurement and their usefulness for the purpose of compiling information on the level of payment of human capital of a company's employees. A study of the literature on the subject reveals the role of Polish researchers in this area.
A flat-rate income tax on revenue recorded as an effective form of taxation on the economic activities of individuals
Authors: Lucha Sylwia
Published: February 2025

The article presents an analysis of the form of income taxation in Poland which is a lump sum recorded in terms of its conduct, as well as the construction of this variant of settlement with the tax office. The types of taxation on the basis of personal income tax have been men-tioned, which begins the criteria and restrictions that the income tax payer must meet in order to be able to settle with the chosen form. The example company, its analysis and example of settlement by means of a recorded lump sum of this particular enterprise was given.Â Â
The central bank and its role in shaping and managing the monetary policy of the state
Authors: Lucha Daria
Published: February 2025

The article presents the role of the central bank in shaping and managing the monetary policy of the country. The central bank plays a special role in the state. It is an institution that is important for the country's economy. It is responsible for conducting monetary and exchange rate policy in the state. The central bank has a fundamental influence on the level of stability of the banking system of a given country and has a monopoly in the scope of central money emission, which is necessary for proper functioning of commercial banks.Â Â Â
Impact of large class on teaching learning at the primary school of Bangladesh
Authors: A. K. M. Obaydullah Dr. , Shahnewaz Md.
Published: February 2025

Each Large classes teachers faces challenges everyday diversity of scholars , lack of flexibility, class environment management, difficulty of setting and enforcing classroom behavior, minimum attention to students, limited monitoring of students' learning and difficulty in engaging students to activities. The main assumption of this study is that effective teaching and producing learning is critically constrained by the large size of classes. Therefore the students' perception about large classes is negative. This research is to interact during a study of the effectiveness of educational science for big classes. The baseline of our study is predicated on data that has been collected from students' survey. The study was conducted throughout the 40 government primary school in Gazipur district of Bangladesh. During this study are observed the students' expectations, motivation, own perception on performance, views and preferences about the delivery of the lecture and therefore the learning. It was designed the study to detect accurately the maximum amount as possible students' attitude towards learning. Each student's responses, like the students own perception has been correlated to real performance as measured, weekly class work, quizzes, tutorials In this study will focuses other solutions to the above obstacles to conducting an efficient learning environment. The lecturing time and the mode of teaching both are investigated, and reviewed as a possible solution the issues encountered during the lecture. It compared the findings to the prevailing literature and other teachers' experiences. Studying studentsâ€™ experience is sort of challenging. It may be used as a top quality indicator additionally to the quality in education. Evaluating studentsâ€™ experience, need and expectations can cause improvements in teaching performance and achieving learning outcomes. Finally, there'll be a discussion of the problems raised and therefore the implications of those for various stakeholders in developing countries.Â Â
The status quo of building codes and construction practices in Somaliland: practitioners' perceptions
Authors: A. Sheikh Ahmed , F. Fakunle Funke , A. Fashina Adebayo
Published: February 2025

For several years, building codes have been perceived as one of the significant ways of establishing building quality, environmental protection, public health and safety, and energy efficiency in the building and construction industry. Conversely, some least developing countries like Somaliland are yet to adopt and enforce the current building codes and as such allowing the construction of buildings that do not meet the minimum international standards on public health and safety. Consequently, this paper seeks to review the overall and genuine picture about Somaliland 's building traditions, history, and advancement alongside the construction practices in Somaliland. In addition, unstructured interviews were held with some top governmental officials from the Ministry of Housing and Public Works, Ministry of Environment & Rural Development, the Somaliland Fire Agency, and Hargeisa Regional Court to carefully explore the status quo of building codes in Somaliland. This was achieved by generating qualitative data via the use of open-ended questions. The findings from the study revealed that there are currently no building codes or regulations in Somaliland. Meaning that the building industry is presently self-governed by the owners and the construction professionals. The study concludes that in spite of the absent of building codes and regulations, there have been a rapid development in the building and construction industry and the increase of mid-rise building of four to six story buildings in Somaliland.Â Â
Taphonomy and contextual Zooarcheology of the first Mesolithic hunting station in Thuringia, central Germany, (central Europe)
Authors: Karl Hans-Volker , Paust Enrico , Safi Amtyaz
Published: February 2025

Taphonomy and contextual zooarcheology of the first Mesolithic hunting station in Thuringia, Central-Germany (Central Europe) was the study area of this paper. The new site at GÃ¶ttern is of special importance as it is the first excavated hunting station in Thuringia. Until now, we have depended upon numerous discoveries of surface finds, special single finds and a few burials, for the exploration of the Mesolithic Era. Bone remains of wild boar/pig, red deer, moose, roe deer, aurochscattle, wild horse, brown bear, wolf/ dog, mouse and birds have been discovered.Â Â
Determinants of voter turnout in 2015 Tanzania general election: a case of morogoro municipality, Tanzania
Authors: Muhanga Mikidadi
Published: February 2025

Worldwide votersâ€™ turnout shows a notable decline since the mid 1980s, this is a challenge to democratization process. A number of efforts have been in place to address this, still a great proportion of registered voters do not vote in the elections as revealed in 1995, 2000, 2005 and 2010 General elections in Tanzania. This study was designed to assess the context specific determinants of votersâ€™ turnouts in Tanzania general election in Morogoro municipality after all the efforts by various stakeholders to address low turn outs experienced in earlier elections. Specifically the study determined votersâ€™ turnouts and analyzed motives for voting. A cross- sectional study design was employed. Questionnaire was used as a tool for data collection to gather both qualitative and quantitative information. Multistage sampling was employed. Data were collected from four randomly selected wards from Morogoro urban (purposively selected) in Morogoro region namely Kichangani, Tungi, Mazimbu and Mji Mpya where in each ward 60 individuals were drawn randomly. Data processing and analysis was done using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) computer software. Chi-square test indicates significant associations between marital status and voting (p = 0 .000), voters education and the likelihood of voting (p = 0.000) and access to information and the likelihood of voting (p = 0 .001). The motives for turning to vote in general election in the study area were leadership role towards development (22.5%), exercising democracy (17.5%), good policies of political parties and manifestos (20.0%) and achievement done by former leaders (15.0%), good promises made by candidates during campaigns (10.0%) and voted to avoid corrupt leaders (15.0%). The study recommends for provision of civic education programme to citizens through various means and rigorous campaigns to disclose candidatesâ€™ potentialities.Â Â
Implementing the Multi-Layer Perceptron Algorithm on NVidia GPUs
Authors: Marak Laszlo
Published: February 2025

With the adoption of machine learning algorithms for image processing tasks and the ever growing need for embedded device applications, the developers use several methods to optimize the computational efficiency of their applications. Optimization of algorithms can be challenging and developers must apply non-trivial strategies to exploit the computational resources of computer architectures more efficiently. In this article we are describing an efficient GPU implementation for the Multi-Layer Perceptron (MLP) algorithm. The MLP is a basic algorithm for machine learning and artificial intelligence, and is an excellent example of the difficulties surrounding GPGPU programming and optimization. As an independent observation we discuss the memory management of GPU-s and methods to simplify the memory allocation process.
Groundwater quality analysis and water quality index prediction by means ‎of machine learning methods‎
Authors: Vamsi B. , Chandra Sekhar B. , Vakdevi V. , Rohit M. , Ibrahim Md. , Uday Kiran P. , Srinivas Ch. , Gopi Kiran M.
Published: February 2025

The study of variations in the quality of groundwater due to subsequent changes in society is a ‎matter of unease as groundwater is regarded as a vital water supply source among all the water ‎sources available. Water quality assessment via monitoring paves the source for arbitrating the ‎appropriateness of quality of water for various purposes including management of water quality. ‎This study was mainly focused on monitoring and assessing the quality of groundwater collected ‎from Madalvarigudem and Mudirajupalem, both from Krishna district, Andhra Pradesh, India. ‎Standard methods were used for analyzing the collected samples for five parameters that include ‎alkalinity, acidity, pH, total hardness (TH) and total dissolved solids (TDS). The groundwater ‎quality parameter analysis indicate high values of pH and TDS, especially in the Mudirajupalem ‎samples as it is located near to agricultural fields. Further, the water quality index (WQI) values ‎supported that groundwater collected from Mudirajupalem is unfit for drinking purpose. This ‎study employed random forest, decision tree and gradient boosted tree techniques for predicting ‎the WQI values and, a hierarchical reconciliation algorithm proved favorable in foretelling water ‎quality parameters. The predicted WQI values meticulously complemented with the obtained ‎experimental results, further endorsing that Mudirajupalem groundwater is not apt for public ‎consumption. Further, this study proposes implementing simple rainwater harvesting systems, which ‎would eventually result in improving the groundwater recharge and maintain groundwater balance ‎so as to making it as a viable source of life‎.
Světová obchodní organizace a ochrana zájmů soukromoprávních subjektů
Authors: Trebatický Peter
Published: February 2025

The inception of the WTO on 1 January1995 was an important step in the development of the law of international trade. Based upon the promotion of a global market economy, i.e. the liberalisation of trade (reduction of tariffs and other barriers to trade), the elimination of discriminatory treatment in international trade relations and so on, it is intended to provide a common institutional framework for the conduct of trade relations among its Members in matters related to the agreements and associated legal instruments included in the Annexes to the WTO Agreement (the “WTO Agreements”). Though the WTO system is a creature of international law, its rules by implication being thus directed primarily toward the regulation of trade relations among states, effect upon the conduct of commercial activity cannot be ignored. The considerable role played by private enterprises (traders) in world trade and the fact that the regulation of international trade affects also interests of other members of society than traders (e.g. consumers) as well must be acknowledged. On the practical side, a company or an individual affected by an international trade decision will want to know, basing his claim on the stipulations of the WTO Agreements, if he can turn to the courts or other forums for redress. The questions these subjects will have to ask themselves involve, among others, whether and to what extent the international trade rules established under the auspices of the WTO create rights enforceable by individuals and in which forums they can be invoked. The focus of the paper is predominantly upon the analysis of the position of a private entrepreneur regarding remedies available to him for the protection of his interests, as established under WTO law, against actions (trade measures) of both domestic and foreign governments. As the analysis of all of the Members’ legal systems would be impractical, for the sake of illustration, the situation in the jurisdictions of the two largest trade blocks (the EU and the USA) is referred to. In the first part of the paper, the new WTO dispute settlement system is outlined and the availability of this remedy to a private complainant is addressed. The second part focuses upon the domestic administrative procedures which exist in the EU and the USA for the purpose of providing indirect private party access to WTO dispute resolution mechanisms. Subsequently, the availability of domestic judicial remedies to deal with international trade disputes is dealt with. Finally, an examination of the legal problems pertinent to the present state of affairs is made and an evaluation of the possible improvements is presented.
In situ supported rhodium catalyst on mesoporous silica for chemoselective hydrogenation of nitriles to primary amines
Authors: Ajjou Abdelaziz Nait , Robichaud André , Rahman Ateeq
Published: February 2025

Heterogeneous rhodium supported on mesoporous silica (Rhinsitu/mesSiO2) was easily prepared, in one step, by incorporating rhodium units onto the silica framework during the sol–gel process. Rhinsitu/mesSiO2 was revealed to be an excellent active and selective catalyst for the hydrogenation of aromatic, heteroaromatic, aliphatic nitriles, and aliphatic nitriles bearing aromatic or heteroaromatic rings to primary amines, regardless of their steric hindrance. The catalytic system that is efficiently recyclable operates under mild conditions in the presence of ammonia.
Effect of polyvinyl acetate on the properties of biodegradable thermoplastic starch/polyethylene glycol blends
Authors: Cheng Wenxi , Miao Wei , Li Wentao , Jiang Zhiwei , Song Weiqiang , Lin Haowei , Shang Mengya , Zhang Yike , Cheng Bo
Published: February 2025

Thermoplastic starch (TPS)/polyethylene glycol (PEG)/polyvinyl acetate (PVAc) blends were prepared through melt blending, in which PEG content was fixed at 5 wt% and PVAc content ranged from 10 wt% to 20 wt%, with increments of 5 wt%. For comparison, a TPS/PEG blend was also prepared. All the blends were subsequently characterized using various techniques. Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) results showed that the melt temperatures (T
m) of TPS and PEG in all blends remained independent, indicating immiscibility of TPS and PEG. Notably, T
m of TPS weakened upon the addition of PVAc, and the effect was particularly pronounced in the blend containing 15 wt% PVAc, whose T
m disappeared and a cold crystallization temperature (T
cc) emerged, suggesting a crystal hindering effect exerted by PVAc on TPS. X-ray diffraction (XRD) results further supported this finding, showing that PVAc primarily inhibited the formation of VA-type crystals in TPS and slightly increased starch retrogradation. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images revealed that starch plasticization increased with higher PVAc content, and TPS particles agglomerated into larger nodules. Tensile testing demonstrated that the ternary blends exhibited enhanced strength, while PEG did not contribute to the toughness of the system. Additionally, the thermal resistance, equilibrium moisture adsorption, and biodegradation stability of the ternary blends improved with the incorporation of PVAc. It is evident that in TPS/PEG/PVAc ternary blends, PVAc retained its reinforcing and crystallinity-reducing effect, whereas the toughening effect of PEG was absent.
Efficient non-Hermitian wave-modulation protocol with a rapid parametric jump
Authors: Shin Seung Han , Choi Yu Sung , Kim Yae Jun , Yoon Jae Woong
Published: February 2025

Non-Hermitian photonic wave modulators utilizing exceptional points (EPs) was previously proposed as a potential approach to realize high-performance and compact optical modulators. However, their practical implementation has been restricted by their substantial footprint size limit due to stringent adiabatic conditions near EPs. Here, we demonstrate a principle for efficient wave modulation through optimized parametric trajectories around an EP. By employing rapid encirclement or parametric jump over the EP, we achieve an extinction ratio of 43 dB within a total device length of 15 coupling-length unit. Importantly, we show that adiabatic processes around the EP in the initial stage of the entire evolution can be replaced by an instantaneous parametric jump without compromising the switching performance in stark contrast to the conventional wisdom from the standard adiabaticity.
Efficiency optimization of quantum dot photovoltaic cell by solar thermophotovoltaic system
Authors: Talha Hafiz Muhammad , Rana Ahsan Sarwar , Shahid Saleem , Khan Waseem , Naeem Taimoor , Aslam Muhammad , Bahajjaj Aboud Ahmed Awadh , Asghar Aamer Bilal , Conka Zsolt , Stefko Robert
Published: February 2025

Obtaining electrical power from solar energy through photovoltaic (PV) cell is an excellent alternative to harvesting energy from fossil fuels. However, efficiency is one of the main concerns as the Shockley–Queisser limit puts an upper bound to the efficiency of PV cell. Solar Thermophotovoltaic (STPV) systems are a viable solution to overcome this limit, but they require efficient and meticulous designs of broadband solar absorber and spectrally selective emitter. These designs require high-temperature tolerance, polarization angle and incidence angle insensitivity, and oxidation resistance to endure high-temperature and harsh environmental conditions. This work presents a Titanium carbide-based ultra-broadband absorber and Platinum-based thermal emitter, both of which are reasonable candidates for STPV applications owing to their high melting points. The proposed absorber has a pyramid design as a top nanostructure layer, while the emitter has gratings on its top. The emitter is optimized for lead sulfide (PbS)-based colloidal quantum dot (CQD) PV cell, having a bandgap energy of 0.41 eV, which is an emerging PV cell technology. The proposed absorber exhibits high efficiency of 96%, while the selective emitter achieves PV cell efficiency of 35.2% for PbS based CQD PV cell at the temperature of 1,350 K.
Strategies for the Modification of Vaccinia Virus towards a Better Vaccine Vector
Authors: Sun Hao , Chen Xinwen , Wang Yun
Published: February 2025

Vaccinia virus (VACV) confers cross-protective immunity against variola virus, the causative agent of smallpox, and has therefore been extensively exploited as a preventive vaccine. Despite the global eradication of smallpox in the 1980s, research efforts involving VACV have continued due to the potential threat of variola virus being used as a bioweapon, which poses grave risks to human health. VACV has emerged as a promising viral vector for vaccine development beyond the traditional application of VACV in smallpox prophylaxis, which has been attributed to its capacity for efficient foreign gene expression. Leveraging strategies, such as serial passage in alternative hosts and genetic engineering techniques, have generated highly attenuated VACV vaccine vectors by deleting specific viral genes, most notably those encoding immunomodulatory proteins. The recent emergence of pathogenic orthopoxvirus outbreaks, exemplified by monkeypox, has reignited scientific interest in VACV research. This review delineates the commonly targeted viral genes for attenuation during VACV vector modification and provides an overview of the progress in VACV-vectored vaccine development.
Yorùbá Speech Surrogacy with the Dùndún Talking Drum
Authors: Knowles Kristina L. , Patten K. Jakob , Durojaye Cecilia , Dada Babatunji O. , McBeath Michael K.
Published: February 2025

The Nigerian dùndún talking drum is known for functioning as both a speech and song surrogate for the Yorùbá language. Previous research confirmed the dùndún can accurately mimic temporal, fundamental frequency (f0), and intensity characteristics of Yorùbá vocalizations when used as a speech surrogate, and that this acoustic match systematically decreases for drumming modes in which more musical context is specified. Here we expand on that work with a two-by-two cross-cultural behavioral study comparing identification accuracy of Nigerian Yorùbá versus American English speakers, and musicians versus nonmusicians. Thirty or more participants in each two-by-two category (total N = 124) compared 45 seven-second drum excerpts to matching or non-matching speech and song excerpts and rated perceptual similarity on a 1–10 scale. Results statistically confirmed that similarity ratings for matching pairs are an additive function of both language familiarity (Yorùbá > English) and music training (Musicians > Nonmusicians), with language familiarity accounting for more variance. We also found Drum-VocalSong excerpt pairs produced higher similarity ratings than Drum-VocalSpeech, consistent with greater information density in speech messages. Our findings verify the importance of individual differences and confirm the independent contribution of language familiarity and music training on the effectiveness and potential functionality of speech surrogacy communication systems.
Hiragana Character Classification Using Convolutional Neural Networks Methods based on Adam, SGD, and RMSProps Optimizer
Authors: Mulyono Ibnu Utomo Wahyu , Kusumawati Yupie , Susanto Ajib , Sari Christy Atika , Islam Hussain Md Mehedul , Doheir Mohamed
Published: February 2025

Purpose: Hiragana image classification poses a significant challenge within the realms of image processing and machine learning. Despite advances, achieving high accuracy in Hiragana character recognition remains elusive. In response, this research attempts to enhance recognition precision through the utilization of a Convolutional Neural Network (CNN). Specifically, the study explores the efficacy of three distinct optimizers like Adam, Stochastic Gradient Descent with Momentum (SGDM), and RMSProp in improving Hiragana character recognition accuracy.
Methods: This research adopts a systematic approach to evaluate the performance of a Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) in the context of Hiragana character recognition. A meticulously prepared dataset is utilized for in-depth testing, ensuring robustness and reliability in the analysis. The study focuses on assessing the effectiveness of three prominent optimization methods: Stochastic Gradient Descent (SGD), RMSProp, and Adam.
Result: The results of the model performance evaluation show that the highest accuracy was obtained from the RMSP optimizer with an F1-Score reaching 99.70%, while the highest overall accuracy was 99.87% with the Adam optimizer. The analysis is carried out by considering important metrics such as precision, recall, and F1-Score for each optimizer.
Novelty: The performance results of the developed model are compared with previous studies, confirming the effectiveness of the proposed approach. Overall, this research makes an important contribution to Hiragana character recognition, by emphasizing the importance of choosing the right optimizer in improving the performance of image classification models.
Village Potential Mapping: Comprehensive Cluster Analysis of Continuous and Categorical Variables with Missing Values and Outliers Dataset in Bogor, West Java, Indonesia
Authors: Pratiwi Nafisa Berliana Indah , Indahwati  , Anwar Fitrianto
Published: February 2025

Purpose: This research emphasizes the need to map villages' conditions and identify village potentials, evaluate the effectiveness of development capability, and address the rural-urban development gap with clustering algorithms. The study employs the village development index (IPD) indicators obtained from the village potential dataset, with various numerical and categorical indicators, to capture both tangible and intangible aspects of village potential. Challenges such as missing data and outliers in IPD data collection can be found. The study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of clustering algorithms, with integrated and separated imputation processes, in handling these data issues and to track the development of villages in the Bogor Regency, West Java, Indonesia, based on the village’s potential (PODES) dataset.
Methods: Three clustering algorithms, such as k-prototype, simple k-medoids, and Clustering of Mixed Numerical and Categorical Data with Missing Values (k-CMM) are compared. The pre-processing data, which is the imputation process for the first two algorithms, is conducted separately, while the k-CMM has an integrated imputation process. Both imputation stages are tree-based algorithms. Cluster evaluation is based on internal criteria and external criteria. Clusters resulting from the k-prototype and simple k-medoids are selected by internal validity indices and compared to k-CMM using external validity indices for several numbers of clusters (k = 3,4,5).
Result: According to data exploration, the IPD of Bogor Regency, West Java, Indonesia dataset contains ± 5% of outliers and six missing values in some chosen variables. Tree-based imputation methods are applied separately in k-prototype and simple k-medoids, jointly in k-CMM. Based on the elbow and gap statistics methods, this research aims to determine the optimum number of clusters k = 3. The internal validity indices performed on k-prototype and simple k-medoids resulting in three clusters (k = 3) are optimum. Trials on several clusters (k = 3,4,5) for three algorithms show that the k-prototype with k = 3 performs the best and is most stable among the two other algorithms with IPD datasets containing many outliers; external validity indices evaluate cluster results.
Novelty: This research addresses issues commonly found in mixed datasets, including outliers and missing values, and how to treat problems before and during cluster analysis. An improvement of Gower distance is applied in the medoid-based clustering algorithm, and the k-CMM algorithm is the first algorithm to integrate the imputation process and clustering analysis, which is interesting to explore this algorithm’s performance in clustering analysis.
Sort Filter Skyline in Movie Recommendation Based on Individual Preferences: Performance and Time Complexity Analysis
Authors: Fadhilah Alvi Nur , Cahyanto Triawan Adi , Saifudin Ilham
Published: February 2025

Purpose: This study seeks to deliver accurate, customized movie recommendations using the Sort Filter Skyline (SFS) algorithm. The approach considers factors like budget, box office earnings, popularity, runtime, and audience ratings to align closely with each user's specific preferences.
Methods: The Sort Filter Skyline (SFS) algorithm is employed, designed to identify and recommend items different from others within the dataset. Initially, the data undergoes preparation through pre-processing before being analyzed to compute entropy using the entropy formula. Before carrying out the dominance test, the SFS algorithm organizes the data based on entropy values.
Result: In this research, 176 skyline objects were identified from a dataset containing 4,803 movies, including well-known titles like "Avatar" and "Titanic." The Skyline Filter Sort (SFS) algorithm pinpointed these objects within 4 seconds. Additionally, evaluation results using synthetic data, as depicted in the data visualization, revealed that the number of attributes increased from 1 to 7. The dataset size grew, and the execution time also rose—from 18 seconds to 170 minutes. Despite this increase, the algorithm demonstrated efficient performance with optimized processing times.
Novelty: This study showcases the successful application of the SFS algorithm for generating personalized movie recommendations while tackling the difficulty of aligning viewer preferences with the extensive selection of films available. The findings offer important insights into enhancing recommendation systems by implementing algorithms efficiently and managing execution time complexity, contributing fresh perspectives to the field.
КРИТЕРИИ ОБЪЕКТНОСТИ: ВНУТРЕННИЕ СВОЙСТВА
Authors: СУХАРЕВА В.А.
Published: February 2025

В статье рассматривается тезис о неполноте математических объектов, из которого эксплицируется критерий внутренних свойств. Реконструируются два обоснования критерия внутренних свойств, анализируются необходимость и достаточность данного критерия в качестве самостоятельного метафизического критерия объектности. Показано, что оба обоснования критерия внутренних свойств уязвимы к критике. Приведены следующие возражения: во-первых, объекты могут иметь критерии тождества, не имея внутренних свойств; во-вторых, не все математические объекты лишены внутренней определенности; в-третьих, независимость существования объекта не имеет необходимой связи с наличием у него внутренних свойств. Сделан вывод о том, что критерий внутренних свойств сам по себе не может считаться ни необходимым, ни достаточным критерием объектности.

The article considers the thesis of incompleteness of mathematical objects, from which the criterion of intrinsic properties is explicated. Two justifications of the criterion of intrinsic properties are reconstructed; the necessity and sufficiency of this criterion as an independent metaphysical criterion of objecthood are analyzed. It is shown that both justifications are vulnerable to criticism. The following objections are raised: firstly, objects can have criteria of identity without having intrinsic properties; secondly, not all mathematical objects lack intrinsic determinacy; thirdly, an independent existence and intrinsic properties do not necessarily imply each other. The conclusion is made that the criterion of intrinsic properties in itself can be considered neither a necessary nor a sufficient criterion of objecthood.
A model of centralized supply chains with independent behavior of separate nodes
Authors:   Glushkov Institute of Cybernetics NAS of Ukraine, Kuznetsov V.O. , Krak Iu.V. ,   Glushkov Institute of Cybernetics NAS of Ukraine, Barmak O.V. ,   Khmelnytskyi National University, Kudin H.I. ,   Glushkov Institute of Cybernetics NAS of Ukraine, Kulias A.I. ,   Glushkov Institute of Cybernetics NAS of Ukraine, Trokhymchuk R.M. ,   Kiev Taras Shevchenko National University
Published: February 2025

This paper proposes a model of supply chains combining a centralized structure with independent behavior of individual nodes. The peculiarity of this model is that it finds application in the modeling of decentralized big data systems, which have become widespread recently. To build the model, existing architectures and approaches, in particular from the theory of automatic control, were considered. These approaches made possible to choose the most appropriate approach to represent the big data network dynamics and, accordingly, its behavior in time. In the proposed model, this is achieved by using a centralized approach to the construction of network architecture and modeling the behavior of network nodes and individual chains with a model predictive control. As part of the study, the problem of the three-dimensional forecasting horizon is posed, which consists in the need to describe the dynamics in three coordinates, which are responsible for the spread of the solution in depth, width and time, which clearly affects the complexity and the possibility of its solution in an acceptable time. In order to solve this problem, we propose to split the model into separate coordinates, which allows solving the spatio-temporal representation of nodes and, accordingly, the state space model by separate systems of dynamics equations - in space and time. To test the model, an experimental implementation was created, which implements the tasks of modeling network dynamics of the model with the involvement of neuro-optimal regulators, based on Pontryagin’s principal of maximum - for temporal dynamics and a predictive control model for spatial network dynamics, respectively. As a result of the experimental tests of the model, an assessment of the adequacy of the model was given and general recommendations for the development of supply chain models were given, as well as possible potential advantages of using neuro-optimal regulators compared to the predictive control model were indicated.
Routing technology based on virtualization software-defined networking concept
Authors:   Kiev Taras Shevchenko National University, Kravchenko Yu.V. , Herasymenko K.V. , Starkova O.V. ,   Kiev Taras Shevchenko National University, Bulgakova A.Y. ,   Kiev Taras Shevchenko National University
Published: February 2025

One of the main characteristics of the digital revolution is the acceleration of change. The technologies that have fueled the digital revolution over the past decades are experiencing increasingly rapid innovation cycles. For today, a substantial growth of amount of users, devices, applications and traffic has presented new challenges to service providers. The SDN paradigm emerged to address some of these emerging challenges. SDN simplifies network management and allows automated network configuration on demand with optimal use of network resources. The work is devoted to the present networks research and the identification of opportunities for the implementation of virtualization of network functions in the context of SDN and NFV concepts. Because these are two new technological trends that are transforming network management. Together, they simplify the provisioning of network resources and provide greater network flexibility.
Standardized laparoscopic cholecystectomy: methodology for the formation of intraoperative safety algorithms
Authors: Kossovich M.A. , Fedorov A.V. , Kashchenko V.A. , Emelyanov S.I. , Tariverdiev M.L. , Bronstein G.P. , Logvinov Yu.I. , Orlovskaya A.I. , Klimakov A.V. , Provotorov Yu.A.
Published: February 2025

The problems of surgical safety are considered. An algorithm for the safe performance of laparoscopic cholecystectomy is proposed. A methodology for the formation of intraoperative safety algorithms for other operations is presented. The implementation of the idea by creating a Training Program at the Medical Simulation Center of the Botkin Hospital is described.
X-ray endoscopic classification of aspiration syndrome
Authors: Sigua B.V. , Belova T.E. , Burlachenko E.P. , Zemlyanoy V.P.
Published: February 2025

Background. A review of more than 200 literature sources over the past half century has shown that there is currently no radiological classification of aspiration syndrome. Moreover, there is no single generally accepted clinical and diagnostic classification of aspiration syndrome. Objective. The aim of our study was to develop a classification of aspiration syndrome. Material and methods. The material for achieving this goal was the results of examination and treatment of 53 patients hospitalized in the St. Petersburg City Hospital of the Holy Martyr Elizabeth with a diagnosis of «Aspiration Syndrome» from 2020 to 2021. Conclusion. A classification of aspiration syndrome is proposed that takes into account all the essential aspects of aspiration syndrome and allows for detailing the degrees of damage to the respiratory organs depending on the radiological and endoscopic picture, as well as the severity of the aspiration syndrome in general.
Energy Distribution Optimization Using Variational Quantum Algorithms
Authors: Rubiños Rodríguez Guillermo , Alonso Mateo , García-Santiago Xela , Blázquez Gil Gonzalo
Published: February 2025

Quantum computing is emerging as a key tool for enhancing energy management, particularly in areas like resource allocation and renewable energy distribution. Although fault-tolerant quantum computers are still in development, current Noisy Intermediate-Scale Quantum (NISQ) technology shows promise for solving optimization problems using variational quantum algorithms. In this paper, the energy distribution problem for a community with one battery is solved using the Quantum Approximate Optimization Algorithm (QAOA) and the Variational Quantum Eigensolver (VQE) in quantum circuit simulators. This proof of concept provides insights into their potential and limitations for real-world energy applications.
Implementation of a Home Assistant System in Care Centers for People with Disabilities
Authors: Lagos Rodríguez Manuel , Rivadulla Brey Jorge , Arufe Giráldez Víctor , Roibal Pravio Javier , Nieto-Riveiro Laura
Published: February 2025

In recent years, there has been an increase in the installation of data capture devices in care centers for people with disabilities. These devices allow monitoring of presence, door opening, possible falls, or health data such as sleep quality or physical activity. It is common for each of these sensors to be managed from independent platforms, which can be a barrier to accessing information.
This project aimed to develop a Home Assistant platform capable of integrating different devices, thus optimizing access to data. In addition, the platform can issue alerts on people's status in certain situations and allow the configuration of different routines of interest based on the combination of various data sources.
How can the Augmented Reality Experience for Surgeons be Improved During Total Knee Arthroplasty?
Authors: Pérez Costa Ánxela , De Liddo Anna , Wild Fridolin , Pedreira Souto Nieves , Michaud Florian
Published: February 2025

Technological advances in Total Knee Arthroplasty (TKA) have been shown to enhance surgical precision, patient outcomes, and efficiency. New computer-assisted surgery solutions using Augmented Reality (AR) support TKA by locating objects in 3D space with high precision, helping surgeons perform accurate treatments while avoiding time-consuming or inaccurate traditional methods. These advances, however, also present novel challenges, such as the complexity of integrating new systems with existing surgical tools and workflows. In this study, the authors propose a strategy to address surgeons' concerns by leveraging feedback from 50 surgeons and 41 sales representatives. Based on this, a research plan was developed to further enhance the AR experience for surgeons.
Main threats to human rights and freedoms in the context of digitalization
Authors: Petrov Aleksandr , Mirzagitova Alsu , Kuraev Alexey , Kirillova Elena
Published: February 2025

The development of technologies and the Internet has transformed the fundamental rights and freedoms of citizens. New rights have emerged, such as the right to access the Internet, the right to be forgotten, the right to privacy, etc., so there is a need to consider a new category of rights and freedoms of citizens in the digital environment. The main objective of the study is to define and classify human rights and freedoms in the digital environment and highlight the main threats to human rights in the context of digitalization. Research methods are based on the analysis of a limited number of studies selected according to special parameters and considered comprehensively. Based on the study results, human rights in the digital environment are identified and classified. It is concluded that given the danger of digitization of personal documents, it is necessary to preserve paper documents and recognize the document on paper as the original. To protect the rights and freedoms of citizens in the context of digitalization, it is advisable to introduce a ban on the creation and use of social rating systems that pose a threat to the exercise of the rights and freedoms of citizens. It is also necessary to prohibit the use of personal data identification systems based on indirect signs that are contained in big data about users, which will prevent the calculation of personal data.
Inteligencia Artificial y su incidencia en el debido proceso
Authors: Bechara Abraham , Vides María , Mendoza Félix , Caballero Joe , Navas Jesús
Published: February 2025

El debido proceso se entiende como una norma de derecho fundamental y una disposición positiva destinada a preservar la seguridad jurídica. Además, es vista como una institución jurisdiccional encaminada a la configuración de las garantías procesales al interior de una actuación judicial. Pero, su relación con la inteligencia artificial cobra un especial sentido en los modernos estados constitucionales. En el presente artículo analiza el impacto hermenéutico-procesal en la administración de justicia, de la relación y conexidad entre el debido proceso y la inteligencia artificial. Esto, se realizó bajo una metodología analítica y descriptiva. Como conclusiones preliminares, se establece que existe una nueva razón práctica jurídica asociada a la relación necesaria y no contingente entre el derecho y la IA. Especialmente, se responderá en concreto a cuatro puntos: (i). El debido proceso y su estructura como norma fundamental-procedimental en los sistemas de jurisprudencia. (ii). Que es la inteligencia artificial aplicada al derecho: Perspectivas teóricas y conceptuales (iii). Los jueces y la administración de justicia mediados por la IA: nuevos sistemas meta-normativos y su hermenéutica judicial. Y (iv). Jurisprudencia algorítmica: La decisión judicial artificial y su impacto procesal en la administración de justicia.
A patient with hemoptysis and kidney damage: clinical challenge
Authors: Bobkov E. V. , Brodskaya O. N. , Gripas D. Yu.
Published: February 2025

The article describes a clinical case of pulmonary-renal syndrome in a 41-year-old man. A brief review of the scientific literature is presented together with the discussion of the differential diagnosis and the diagnostic features. It is important to remember that pulmonary-renal syndrome combines diffuse alveolar hemorrhage and glomerulonephritis and is a life-threatening condition with the development of acute renal injury and possible pulmonary bleeding which can lead to death.
Russian Mass-Media self-Regulation Mechanisms
Authors:   Saratov State University, Rossoshansky A.V.
Published: February 2025

The article considers the Mass-Media self-regulation mechanisms as
one of the means of public influence and control in the sphere of
information and communication relationship.
The Army and Politics
Authors:   Saratov State University, Dubrovskiy V.A.
Published: February 2025

This paper speaks in terms of political science and examines the
character and content of the State policy and the army interaction
during the process of society transformation.
Theoretic-Methodological Aspects of Politological Research of Administrative Reform in Modern Russia
Authors:   Kuban State University, Yurchenko N.N.
Published: February 2025

The paper discusses the problems and contradictions of the reform of
administrative system. The article analyses pluses and minuses of different concepts of public management. Special place takes problem
of effectiveness of work of administrative mechanism and necessity
of construction supplementing theoretical models of public management.
The need for Power transparence as the Foundation of state and Population Interaction Models
Authors:   Saratov State University, Beginina I.A.
Published: February 2025

On the basic of sociological polls the demands levels of Saratv
region population are revealed. The impact of socio – demographic,
educational and economic factors on the level of formation of
the above – mentioned demands is analyzed. A special stress is
made on revealing of Saratov region population attitude to power
transparency.