bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Multiscale assessment of habitat selection and avoidance of sympatric carnivores by the endangered ocelot
Authors: Sergeyev Maksim , Cherry Michael J. , Tanner Evan P. , Lombardi Jason V. , Tewes Michael E. , Campbell Tyler A.
Published: June 2023

Habitat selection by animals is a complex, dynamic process that can vary across spatial and temporal scales. Understanding habitat selection is a vital component of managing endangered species. Ocelots (Leopardus pardalis), a medium-sized endangered felid, overlap in their northern range with bobcats (Lynx rufus) and coyotes (Canis latrans), with all three species sharing similar space and resource use. As the potential for competition between these three carnivores is high, understanding differences in habitat use and the effect of these potential competitors on habitat selection of ocelots is essential to conservation. Our objective was to compare habitat selection between species and examine if ocelots avoided areas used by competitors at broad and fine scales. We captured and collared 8 ocelots, 13 bobcats, and 5 coyotes on the East Foundation’s El Sauz Ranch and the Yturria San Francisco Ranch in South Texas, USA from 2017 to 2021. We compared 2nd (position of home range) and 3rd (use within the home range) order selection across species and examined whether ocelots avoided areas categorized as high probability of use by bobcats and coyotes across both orders of selection. We found a preference for heterogeneous landscapes by bobcats and coyotes while ocelots were strongly tied to woody cover across both orders. At the 2nd order, ocelots selected areas with higher probability of use by bobcats and showed no response to higher probability of use by coyotes, suggesting ocelots did not avoid either species. However, at the 3rd order, ocelots avoided areas used by coyotes. Ocelots selected for areas of use by bobcats at the 2nd order and 3rd order. Results suggest that at the broader scale, placement of the home range is not affected by the presence of sympatric carnivores, however, at a finer scale, ocelots are avoiding coyotes but not bobcats. Our study emphasizes the importance of woody and herbaceous cover at the broad scale and dense vegetation at the finer scale to sustain ocelots. In addition, we show differing patterns of interspecific avoidance by ocelots across species and scales.
Machine learning for predicting survival of colorectal cancer patients
Authors: Buk Cardoso Lucas , Cunha Parro Vanderlei , Verzinhasse Peres Stela , Curado Maria Paula , Fernandes Gisele Aparecida , Wünsch Filho Victor , Natasha Toporcov Tatiana
Published: June 2023

Colorectal cancer is one of the most incident types of cancer in the world, with almost 2 million new cases annually. In Brazil, the scenery is the same, around 41 thousand new cases were estimated in the last 3 years. This increase in cases further intensifies the interest and importance of studies related to the topic, especially using new approaches. The use of machine learning algorithms for cancer studies has grown in recent years, and they can provide important information to medicine, in addition to making predictions based on the data. In this study, five different classifications were performed, considering patients’ survival. Data were extracted from Hospital Based Cancer Registries of São Paulo, which is coordinated by Fundação Oncocentro de São Paulo, containing patients with colorectal cancer from São Paulo state, Brazil, treated between 2000 and 2021. The machine learning models used provided us the predictions and the most important features for each one of the algorithms of the studies. Using part of the dataset to validate our models, the results of the predictors were around 77% of accuracy, with AUC close to 0.86, and the most important column was the clinical staging in all of them.
Seismic characteristics and AVO response for non-uniform Miocene reservoirs in offshore eastern Mediterranean region, Egypt
Authors: El-Ata Ahmed S. Abu , El-Gendy Nader H. , El-Nikhely Adly H. , Raslan Samir M. , El-Oribi Mahmoud S. , Barakat Moataz Kh.
Published: June 2023

The Eastern Mediterranean region, extending from the Offshore Nile Delta Cone of Egypt to the Levant Basin, is a confirmed hydrocarbon-rich territory with several giant gas discoveries. Numerous gas fields have been discovered in the Miocene reservoirs within the Nile Delta Cone, and the Levant Basin. The Miocene sedimentary sequences in this region are extremely heterogeneous, consisting mainly of turbiditic slope deposits, channels, and basin floor fans that were capped by evaporites formed during the Messinian Salinity Crisis. As a result, the seismic characteristics and interpreted properties of this heterogeneous section are ambiguous. The study area is located in the Offshore North Sinai Basin, where a thick Early Miocene section was deposited midway between the Nile Delta province, which includes the El-Fayrouz discovery, and the Levant Basin, which includes Tamar, Tanin, and several other discoveries. This study uses quantitative seismic interpretations methods, such as amplitude variations with offset and fluid replacement modeling, to assess the seismic acoustic impedance trend with depth. Also, determine the seismic amplitude response for the brine and gas sands reservoir of the Early and Late Miocene section to link the unexplored study area within the North Sinai Offshore Basin with the explored Nile Delta and Levant Basins. In addition to evaluate direct hydrocarbon indicator (DHI) of the dimming seismic amplitude that is compatible with the structure’s last closed contour of the Syrian Arc anticline of the Early Miocene reservoirs (EMT-1 prospect). Different vintages of 2D and 3D seismic data, six wells, and various published data were used in this study. The quantitative interpretation shows the pitfalls of the acoustic impedance trend and seismic response dependency on depth for gas and brine sand, which led to the drilling of the EMT-1 dry well. Also, the fluid replacement, P-wave velocity (Vp), and density (ρ) modeling confirmed that the seismic dimming amplitude was due to a seismic processing artifact, which was corrected by readjusting the overburden Messinian salt processing velocity model. This research concludes that the seismic quantitative interpretations are successfully used to assess the acoustic impedance versus depth and understand DHI pitfalls, as well as the processing workflow that could enhance the seismic image.
Prevalence, risk factors, and prognosis of central nervous system manifestations in antiphospholipid syndrome
Authors: Liu Meige , Li Gongming , Song Xiaodong , Fan Yangyi , Li Chun
Published: June 2023

The central nervous system (CNS) is considered as one of the most frequently affected organs in antiphospholipid syndrome (APS). This study investigated the prevalence of CNS manifestations in APS and associated risk factors and evaluated stroke recurrence. We carried out this retrospective study from 2009 to 2021 at Peking University People’s Hospital, which enrolled 342 APS patients, and 174 neurologic events were suffered by 119 patients (34.8%). Patients with and without CNS involvement were compared regarding demographics and laboratory parameters. The analysis showed that older age, livedo reticularis, and dyslipidaemia were significant related factors for CNS manifestations (P = 0.047, 0.038, and 0.030 respectively). The use of anticoagulants (P = 0.004), and/or hydroxychloroquine (P = 0.016) appeared to associated with a lower incidence of CNS manifestations. During a median follow-up of 4.1 years, 10 individuals developed new episodes of stroke in APS patients with previous ischemic strokes. Livedo reticularis, smoking and male gender may predict the risk of recurrent stroke (P = 0.020, 0.006, and 0.026 respectively). Collectively, our results indicated the protective and risk factors for CNS manifestations, as well as demonstrated that APS patients appeared at high risk of stroke recurrence despite current therapy.
A platform to reproducibly evaluate human colon permeability and damage
Authors: Marr Elizabeth E. , Mulhern Thomas J. , Welch Michaela , Keegan Philip , Caballero-Franco Celia , Johnson Bryce G. , Kasaian Marion , Azizgolshani Hesham , Petrie Timothy , Charest Joseph , Wiellette Elizabeth
Published: June 2023

The intestinal epithelium comprises diverse cell types and executes many specialized functions as the primary interface between luminal contents and internal organs. A key function provided by the epithelium is maintenance of a barrier that protects the individual from pathogens, irritating luminal contents, and the microbiota. Disruption of this barrier can lead to inflammatory disease within the intestinal mucosa, and, in more severe cases, to sepsis. Animal models to study intestinal permeability are costly and not entirely predictive of human biology. Here we present a model of human colon barrier function that integrates primary human colon stem cells into Draper’s PREDICT96 microfluidic organ-on-chip platform to yield a high-throughput system appropriate to predict damage and healing of the human colon epithelial barrier. We have demonstrated pharmacologically induced barrier damage measured by both a high throughput molecular permeability assay and transepithelial resistance. Using these assays, we developed an Inflammatory Bowel Disease-relevant model through cytokine induced damage that can support studies of disease mechanisms and putative therapeutics.
Combination of genetically diverse Pseudomonas phages enhances the cocktail efficiency against bacteria
Authors: Naknaen Ampapan , Samernate Thanadon , Wannasrichan Wichanan , Surachat Komwit , Nonejuie Poochit , Chaikeeratisak Vorrapon
Published: June 2023

Phage treatment has been used as an alternative to antibiotics since the early 1900s. However, bacteria may acquire phage resistance quickly, limiting the use of phage treatment. The combination of genetically diverse phages displaying distinct replication machinery in phage cocktails has therefore become a novel strategy to improve therapeutic outcomes. Here, we isolated and studied lytic phages (SPA01 and SPA05) that infect a wide range of clinical Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates. These relatively small myophages have around 93 kbp genomes with no undesirable genes, have a 30-min latent period, and reproduce a relatively high number of progenies, ranging from 218 to 240 PFU per infected cell. Even though both phages lyse their hosts within 4 h, phage-resistant bacteria emerge during the treatment. Considering SPA01-resistant bacteria cross-resist phage SPA05 and vice versa, combining SPA01 and SPA05 for a cocktail would be ineffective. According to the decreased adsorption rate of the phages in the resistant isolates, one of the anti-phage mechanisms may occur through modification of phage receptors on the target cells. All resistant isolates, however, are susceptible to nucleus-forming jumbophages (PhiKZ and PhiPA3), which are genetically distinct from phages SPA01 and SPA05, suggesting that the jumbophages recognize a different receptor during phage entry. The combination of these phages with the jumbophage PhiKZ outperforms other tested combinations in terms of bactericidal activity and effectively suppresses the emergence of phage resistance. This finding reveals the effectiveness of the diverse phage-composed cocktail for reducing bacterial growth and prolonging the evolution of phage resistance.
Association of citrullination with the progression of aortic stenosis
Authors: Kim Ah-Ram , Ji Eunhye , Lee Sahmin , Hong Seokchan , Kim Dae-Hee , Song Jong-Min , Kang Duk-Hyun , Song Jae-Kwan
Published: June 2023

Despite its clinical importance, biomarkers of disease activity in aortic stenosis (AS) are lacking. We investigated the association between anti-cyclic citrullinated peptide (CCP) antibodies and AS. All 678 patients who underwent echocardiography and anti-CCP antibody testing were analysed. Anti-CCP antibody status was categorized as negative, low-positive, and high-positive. In addition, aortic valve (AV) tissues were obtained from the patients with and without AS to analyze the presence of citrullinated proteins. At baseline, 241 (35.5%) subjects with AV degeneration had a higher rate of anti-CCP antibody positivity (42.7% versus 34.6%, p = 0.035) than those without AV degeneration. Out of the 331 (48.8%) subjects who underwent echocardiographic follow-up, progression of AS was observed in 34 (10.3%) patients, with a higher incidence in the high-positive group compared to the low-positive or negative group (19.0% vs. 11.3% vs. 8.4%, respectively; p = 0.041). On multivariable analysis, high anti-CCP antibody positivity was independently associated with progression to AS (odds ratio: 2.312; 95% confidence interval: 1.006–5.310; p = 0.048). Furthermore, immunohistochemistry and Western blotting revealed increased citrullination in diseased AV compared to normal AV tissue. This study demonstrated that a high positive anti-CCP antibody result is associated with AV degeneration and may be an independent factor for AS progression.
Deep computational image analysis of immune cell niches reveals treatment-specific outcome associations in lung cancer
Authors: Barrera Cristian , Corredor Germán , Viswanathan Vidya Sankar , Ding Ruiwen , Toro Paula , Fu Pingfu , Buzzy Christina , Lu Cheng , Velu Priya , Zens Philipp , Berezowska Sabina , Belete Merzu , Balli David , Chang Han , Baxi Vipul , Syrigos Konstantinos , Rimm David L. , Velcheti Vamsidhar , Schalper Kurt , Romero Eduardo , Madabhushi Anant
Published: June 2023

The tumor immune composition influences prognosis and treatment sensitivity in lung cancer. The presence of effective adaptive immune responses is associated with increased clinical benefit after immune checkpoint blockers. Conversely, immunotherapy resistance can occur as a consequence of local T-cell exhaustion/dysfunction and upregulation of immunosuppressive signals and regulatory cells. Consequently, merely measuring the amount of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) may not accurately reflect the complexity of tumor-immune interactions and T-cell functional states and may not be valuable as a treatment-specific biomarker. In this work, we investigate an immune-related biomarker (PhenoTIL) and its value in associating with treatment-specific outcomes in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). PhenoTIL is a novel computational pathology approach that uses machine learning to capture spatial interplay and infer functional features of immune cell niches associated with tumor rejection and patient outcomes. PhenoTIL’s advantage is the computational characterization of the tumor immune microenvironment extracted from H&E-stained preparations. Association with clinical outcome and major non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) histology variants was studied in baseline tumor specimens from 1,774 lung cancer patients treated with immunotherapy and/or chemotherapy, including the clinical trial Checkmate 057 (NCT01673867).
Abnormal thickness-dependent magneto-transport properties of vdW magnetic semiconductor Cr2Si2Te6
Authors: Li Yun , Chen Zheng , Wang Jie , li Teng , Tian Mingliang , Karel Julie , Suzuki Kiyonori
Published: June 2023

Cr2Si2Te6 (CST) is a van der Waals (vdW) ferromagnetic semiconductor. The unique spin model and temperature-dependent magnetic ordering of CST provide opportunities for the next generation of two-dimensional (2D) spintronic devices. Here, abnormal magneto-transport properties are found in CST nanoflakes with variations in thickness. Interestingly, the thickness-dependent magnetoresistance (MR) effect exhibits a nonlinear change as a function of the magnetic field, temperature, and thickness. At a certain temperature below Curie temperature (Tc), a sign reversal of MR ratio from positive to negative can even be detected with thickness reduction. At the temperature range from Tc to 60 K, the Hall effect also presents a transformation from nonlinear behavior in thick layer CST to linear behavior in thin layer CST. These distinctive magneto-transport properties are attributed to the variation of spin correlation with thickness in CST nanoflakes. These findings probe the unique magneto-transport properties of CST and associate it with ferromagnetic correlation, which provides a basis for subsequent spintronics device design based on this material. This work also offers new insights into the relationship between sample thickness, transport properties, and spin correlation of other vdW ferromagnets. It lays a foundation for future vdW magnet-based device fabrication and possible spintronic applications.
Production of recombinant human IgG1 Fc with beneficial N-glycosylation pattern for anti-inflammatory activity using genome-edited chickens
Authors: Park Jin Se , Choi Hee Jung , Jung Kyung Min , Lee Kyung Youn , Shim Ji Hyeon , Park Kyung Je , Kim Young Min , Han Jae Yong
Published: June 2023

Intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) is a plasma-derived polyclonal IgG used for treatment of autoimmune diseases. Studies show that α-2,6 sialylation of the Fc improves anti-inflammatory activity. Also, afucosylation of the Fc efficiently blocks FcγRIIIA by increasing monovalent affinity to this receptor, which can be beneficial for treatment of refractory immune thrombocytopenia (ITP). Here, we generated genome-edited chickens that synthesize human IgG1 Fc in the liver and secrete α-2,6 sialylated and low-fucosylated human IgG1 Fc (rhIgG1 Fc) into serum and egg yolk. Also, rhIgG1 Fc has higher affinity for FcγRIIIA than commercial IVIG. Thus, rhIgG1 Fc efficiently inhibits immune complex-mediated FcγRIIIA crosslinking and subsequent ADCC response. Furthermore, rhIgG1 Fc exerts anti-inflammatory activity in a passive ITP model, demonstrating chicken liver derived rhIgG1 Fc successfully recapitulated efficacy of IVIG. These results show that genome-edited chickens can be used as a production platform for rhIgG1 Fc with beneficial N-glycosylation pattern for anti-inflammatory activities.
Chromosome-level genome assemblies from two sandalwood species provide insights into the evolution of the Santalales
Authors: Hong Zhou , Peng Dan , Tembrock Luke R. , Liao Xuezhu , Xu Daping , Liu Xiaojin , Wu Zhiqiang
Published: June 2023

Sandalwood is one of the most expensive woods in the world and is well known for its long-lasting and distinctive aroma. In our study, chromosome-level genome assemblies for two sandalwood species (Santalum album and Santalumyasi) were constructed by integrating NGS short reads, RNA-seq, and Hi-C libraries with PacBio HiFi long reads. The S. album and S. yasi genomes were both assembled into 10 pseudochromosomes with a length of 229.59 Mb and 232.64 Mb, containing 21,673 and 22,816 predicted genes and a repeat content of 28.93% and 29.54% of the total genomes, respectively. Further analyses resolved a Santalum-specific whole-genome triplication event after divergence from ancestors of the Santalales lineage Malania, yet due to dramatic differences in transposon content, the Santalum genomes were only one-sixth the size of the Malania oleifera genome. Examination of RNA-seq data revealed a suite of genes that are differentially expressed in haustoria and might be involved in host hemiparasite interactions. The two genomes presented here not only provide an important comparative dataset for studying genome evolution in early diverging eudicots and hemiparasitic plants but will also hasten the application of conservation genomics for a lineage of trees recovering from decades of overexploitation.
Structure-inducing pre-training
Authors: McDermott Matthew B. A. , Yap Brendan , Szolovits Peter , Zitnik Marinka
Published: June 2023

Language model pre-training and the derived general-purpose methods have reshaped machine learning research. However, there remains considerable uncertainty regarding why pre-training improves the performance of downstream tasks. This challenge is pronounced when using language model pre-training in domains outside of natural language. Here we investigate this problem by analysing how pre-training methods impose relational structure in induced per-sample latent spaces—that is, what constraints do pre-training methods impose on the distance or geometry between the pre-trained embeddings of samples. A comprehensive review of pre-training methods reveals that this question remains open, despite theoretical analyses showing the importance of understanding this form of induced structure. Based on this review, we introduce a pre-training framework that enables a granular and comprehensive understanding of how relational structure can be induced. We present a theoretical analysis of the framework from the first principles and establish a connection between the relational inductive bias of pre-training and fine-tuning performance. Empirical studies spanning three data modalities and ten fine-tuning tasks confirm theoretical analyses, inform the design of novel pre-training methods and establish consistent improvements over a compelling suite of methods.
Multi-scale mapping of Australia’s terrestrial and blue carbon stocks and their continental and bioregional drivers
Authors: Walden Lewis , Serrano Oscar , Zhang Mingxi , Shen Zefang , Sippo James Z. , Bennett Lauren T. , Maher Damien T. , Lovelock Catherine E. , Macreadie Peter I. , Gorham Connor , Lafratta Anna , Lavery Paul S. , Mosley Luke , Reithmaier Gloria M. S. , Kelleway Jeffrey J. , Dittmann Sabine , Adame Fernanda , Duarte Carlos M. , Gallagher John Barry , Waryszak Pawel , Carnell Paul , Kasel Sabine , Hinko-Najera Nina , Hassan Rakib , Goddard Madeline , Jones Alice R. , Viscarra Rossel Raphael A.
Published: June 2023

The soil in terrestrial and coastal blue carbon ecosystems is an important carbon sink. National carbon inventories require accurate assessments of soil carbon in these ecosystems to aid conservation, preservation, and nature-based climate change mitigation strategies. Here we harmonise measurements from Australia’s terrestrial and blue carbon ecosystems and apply multi-scale machine learning to derive spatially explicit estimates of soil carbon stocks and the environmental drivers of variation. We find that climate and vegetation are the primary drivers of variation at the continental scale, while ecosystem type, terrain, clay content, mineralogy and nutrients drive subregional variations. We estimate that in the top 0–30 cm soil layer, terrestrial ecosystems hold 27.6 Gt (19.6–39.0 Gt), and blue carbon ecosystems 0.35 Gt (0.20–0.62 Gt). Tall open eucalypt and mangrove forests have the largest soil carbon content by area, while eucalypt woodlands and hummock grasslands have the largest total carbon stock due to the vast areas they occupy. Our findings suggest these are essential ecosystems for conservation, preservation, emissions avoidance, and climate change mitigation because of the additional co-benefits they provide.
Past, present, and future of the Living Planet Index
Authors: Ledger Sophie E. H. , Loh Jonathan , Almond Rosamunde , Böhm Monika , Clements Christopher F. , Currie Jessica , Deinet Stefanie , Galewski Thomas , Grooten Monique , Jenkins Martin , Marconi Valentina , Painter Brett , Scott-Gatty Kate , Young Lucy , Hoffmann Michael , Freeman Robin , McRae Louise
Published: June 2023

As we enter the next phase of international policy commitments to halt biodiversity loss (e.g., Kunming-Montreal Global Biodiversity Framework), biodiversity indicators will play an important role in forming the robust basis upon which targeted, and time sensitive conservation actions are developed. Population trend indicators are one of the most powerful tools in biodiversity monitoring due to their responsiveness to changes over short timescales and their ability to aggregate species trends from global down to sub-national or even local scale. We consider how the project behind one of the foremost population level indicators - the Living Planet Index - has evolved over the last 25 years, its value to the field of biodiversity monitoring, and how its components have portrayed a compelling account of the changing status of global biodiversity through its application at policy, research and practice levels. We explore ways the project can develop to enhance our understanding of the state of biodiversity and share lessons learned to inform indicator development and mobilise action.
A large screen identifies beta-lactam antibiotics which can be repurposed to target the syphilis agent
Authors: Hayes Kathryn A. , Dressler Jules M. , Norris Steven J. , Edmondson Diane G. , Jutras Brandon L.
Published: June 2023

Syphilis, caused by the spirocheteTreponema pallidumsubsp.pallidum(hereafter calledT. pallidum), is re-emerging as a worldwide sexually transmitted infection. A single intramuscular dose of benzathine penicillin G is the preferred syphilis treatment option. Both supply shortage concerns and the potential for acquired antibiotic resistance further the need to broaden the repertoire of syphilis therapeutics. We reasoned that other β-lactams may be equally or more effective at targeting the disease-causing agent,Treponema pallidum, but have yet to be discovered due to a previous lack of a continuous in vitro culture system. Recent technical advances with respect to in vitroT. pallidumpropagation allowed us to conduct a high-throughput screen of almost 100 β-lactams. Using several molecular and cellular approaches that we developed or adapted, we identified and confirmed the efficacy of several β-lactams that were similar to or outperformed the current standard, benzathine penicillin G. These options are either currently used to treat bacterial infections or are synthetic derivatives of naturally occurring compounds. Our studies not only identified additional potential therapeutics in the resolution of syphilis, but provide techniques to study the complex biology ofT. pallidum—a spirochete that has plagued human health for centuries.
NiFe2O4@SiO2@PrNH2–DPA–CeCl3: a cerium-based magnetic nano dual-acid catalyst with high efficacy and recyclability for domino sequential synthesis of lactam ring-fused 1,5-benzodiazepines
Authors: Zhang Xiao , Bai Fan , Li Miaomiao , Ru Huihui , Wang Lanzhi
Published: June 2023

A cerium-based magnetic nano dual-acid catalyst (NiFe2O4@SiO2@PrNH2–DPA–CeCl3) was fabricated for synergistic catalysis for synthesizing 20 kinds of lactam ring-fused 1,5-benzodiazepines.
Biochar implications in cleaner agricultural production and environmental sustainability
Authors: Babu Subhash , Singh Raghavendra , Kumar Sanjeev , Rathore Sanjay Singh , Yadav Devideen , Yadav Sanjay Kumar , Yadav Vivek , Ansari Meraj Alam , Das Anup , Rajanna Gandhamanagenahalli Adireddy , Wani Owais Ali , Raj Rishi , Yadav Dinesh Kumar , Singh Vinod Kumar
Published: June 2023

Biochar production and utilization is proposed as an innovative approach for enhancing food production and climate change mitigation. Globally, biochar has the potential to increase crop productivity by ∼11% and reduces annual human-induced GHG emissions by ∼12%.
Pentaenolate activation in the organocatalytic allylic alkylation of indene-2-carbaldehydes
Authors: Cieśliński Adam , Frankowski Sebastian , Albrecht Łukasz
Published: June 2023

The allylic alkylation of indene-2-carbaldehydes with Morita–Baylis–Hillman (MBH) carbonates via pentaenolate activation is described. High stereoselectivities of the process rely on the use of a chiral tertiary amine as a nucleophilic catalyst.
A liquid metal dressing for anti-inflammatory and anti-infection applications to treat diabetic wounds
Authors: Bi Shunchao , Qi Jie , Zhang Wei , Jiang Xingyu
Published: June 2023

This work reports a liquid metal-based dual-effect dressing for anti-infection and inflammation regulation by delivering antibiotics and H2 simultaneously.
Modulated self-assembly of three flexible Cr(iii) PCPs for SO2 adsorption and detection
Authors: López-Cervantes Valeria B. , Bara Dominic , Yañez-Aulestia Ana , Martínez-Ahumada Eva , López-Olvera Alfredo , Amador-Sánchez Yoarhy A. , Solis-Ibarra Diego , Sánchez-González Elí , Ibarra Ilich A. , Forgan Ross S.
Published: June 2023

Modulated self-assembly protocols are used to develop facile, HF-free syntheses of the archetypal flexible PCP, MIL-53(Cr), and novel isoreticular analogues MIL-53(Cr)-Br and MIL-53(Cr)-NO2, which adsorb and sense SO2.
From dots to tubes – the reversed scenario of bottom-up external-catalyst-free synthesis of N-doped carbon nanotubes
Authors: Kolanowska Anna , Łukowiec Dariusz , Krzywiecki Maciej , Bok-Badura Joanna , Boncel Sławomir
Published: June 2023

A novel external-catalyst-free route for the synthesis of N-doped carbon nanotubes from amino-acid-derived carbon dots as a sustainable resource.
Destabilization mechanism of R3–R4 tau protofilament by purpurin: a molecular dynamics study
Authors: Wan Jiaqian , Zou Yu , Sun Ruiqing , Xu Zhengdong , Tang Jiaxing , Gong Yehong , Wei Guanghong , Zhang Qingwen
Published: June 2023

The structural stability of AD-tau and CTE-tau and destabilization of CTE-tau protofilament by purpurin molecules.
The Rydberg 3p multiplet structure of the fenchone C band absorption
Authors: Powis Ivan , Singh Dhirendra P.
Published: June 2023

Excitation of the 3pz Rydberg state of fenchone is identified between the B̃ and C̃ bands in the single photon VUV absorption spectrum. Its two-photon excitation is, however, effectively suppressed and so is absent in (2+1) REMPI spectra of fenchone.
Fabrication of a polyethersulfone/polyethyleneimine porous membrane for sustainable separation of proteins in water media
Authors: Talukder Md Eman , Alam Fariya , Talukder Md. Romon , Mishu Mst. Monira Rahman , Pervez Md. Nahid , Song Hongchen , Russo Francesca , Galiaono Francesco , Jiabao Lan , Stylios George K. , Figoli Alberto , Naddeo Vincenzo
Published: June 2023

This paper aims to establish a new sustainable honeycomb-like structured porous membrane surface with antifouling properties fabricated using a thermally induced phase inversion method coupled with exposure time to vapor.
Efficient CO2conversion by biocompatible N-doped carbon nanosheets coupled withRalstonia eutropha: synergistic interactions between microbial and inorganic catalysts
Authors: Yao Jiani , Li Youzhi , Xiu Siyuan , Zheng Shujie , Huang Ying , Zhou Zijing , Hou Yang , Yang Bin , Lei Lecheng , Li Zhongjian
Published: June 2023

Biocompatible N-doped carbon nanosheets coupled withRalstonia eutrophaH16 enhanced bioelectrochemical CO2conversion to poly-β-hydroxybutyrate.
Alkylation of amines with allylic alcohols and deep eutectic solvents as metal-free and green promoters
Authors: Zárate-Roldán Stephany , Gimeno M. Concepción , Herrera Raquel P.
Published: June 2023

A novel and green approach for the allylic alkylation of anilines, hydrazides and indole derivatives by the direct use of allylic alcohols under very mild conditions and using sustainable deep eutectic solvents (DESs) is described.
Efficiently improving the adsorption capacity of the Rhodamine B dye in a SO3H-functionalized chromium-based metal–organic framework
Authors: Nguyen Khang M. V. , Phan Anh V. N. , Dang Nhung T. , Tran Truong Q. , Duong Huy K. , Nguyen Hung N. , Nguyen My V.
Published: June 2023

A maximum adsorption capacity of 811.7 mg g−1 was achieved for RhB onto BUT-8(Cr).
Switchable tuning selectivity of CO2 hydrogenation via anion-modification of the Ru/TiO2 catalyst
Authors: Zhang Jin , Huang Tianfen , Wang Ruiyi , Li Xincheng , Wang Jing , Ge Hui , Ren Jun , Wang Yunwei , Zheng Zhanfeng
Published: June 2023

Various anions introduced onto the surface of the Ru/TiO2 catalyst have strong interactions with Ru active sites, affecting the adsorption of CO, thus realizing the transformation of product selectivity from CH4 to CO in the hydrogenation of CO2.
Oxytetracycline-derived carbon dots as a fluorescent switch in trace ferric ion sensing
Authors: Chen Tao , Xu Yan-Tong , Guo Qing , Chen Xiaoli , Su Qiucheng , Cao Yan
Published: June 2023

The ultrasensitive detection of Fe(iii) ions over oxytetracycline-derived carbon dots and their intercellular imaging.
A practical flow synthesis of hydrazine derivatives from alcohols
Authors: Ding Jie , Yang Ye , Xue Mingzhen , Gong Xukai , Cai Hu , Xu Wentao
Published: June 2023

We demonstrate the application of continuous flow technology to the synthesis of hydrazine derivatives by deoxygenation of free alcohols, including natural products and drugs. After deprotection, safrazine was afforded in a good yield.
Anchoring atomic antimony in an intercalative Mo–S frameworkviasoft covalent bonding for fast-charging and long-lived sodium ion batteries
Authors: Peng Baixin , Lv Zhuoran , Fang Yuqiang , Cai Tianxun , Shi Zhiyuan , Zhou Ce , Gao Yusha , Huang Fuqiang
Published: June 2023

This work addresses the critical issue of volume expansion of alloy-type Sb anode by dispersing atomic Sb into a robust Mo–S framework via soft Mo–Sb bonds. 60C fast-charging over 10 000 cycles is achieved by utilizing this new Mo2SbS2 anode.
Synthesis, kinetic studies, and atom transfer reactivity of [2Fe–2E] model compounds
Authors: Weerawardhana Erwin A. , Zeller Matthias , Lee Wei-Tsung
Published: June 2023

A kinetic study investigating the formation of a [2Fe–2S] compound, 1, with an unusually long Fe⋯Fe distance. 1 holds potential implications for the understanding of S-atom transfer reactions.
Preparation of size-controlled LiCoPO4particles by membrane emulsification using anodic porous alumina and their application as cathode active materials for Li-ion secondary batteries
Authors: Yanagishita Takashi , Otomo Raraka , Masuda Hideki
Published: June 2023

Preparation process for LiCoPO4particles by membrane emulsification using anodic porous alumina.
Probing the physical properties of M2LiCeF6 (M = Rb and Cs) double perovskite compounds for prospective high-energy applications employing the DFT framework
Authors: Rahman Nasir , Rauf Abdur , Husain Mudasser , Sfina Nourreddine , Tirth Vineet , Sohail Mohammad , Khan Rajwali , Azzouz-Rached Ahmed , Murtaza Ghulam , Khan Abid Ali , Khattak Shaukat Ali , Khan Aurangzeb
Published: June 2023

Herein, the optoelectronic, structural, thermoelectric, and elastic characteristics of M2LiCeF6 (M = Rb and Cs) double perovskite compounds were investigated using ab initio modeling in the DFT framework.
New technology for preparing energetic materials by nanofiltration membrane (NF): rapid and efficient preparation of high-purity ammonium dinitramide (ADN)
Authors: Zhu Hai-Yang , Liu Ying-Hui , Sun Hai-Yun , Cao Dan-Dan , Li Yu-Chuan , Pang Si-Ping
Published: June 2023

NF was used for the purification of ADN synthesized. The optimal process conditions for 600D NF membrane were 2 MPa pressure, 25 °C, and dilution of the feed solution by one time.The purity of ADN reaches 99.8%, and the recovery rate reaches 99%.
Magnetocaloric effect and critical behavior of the La0.75Ca0.1Na0.15MnO3 compound
Authors: Bouzidi Souhir , Hsini Mohamed , Soltani Sonia , Essid Manel , Albedah M. A. , Belmabrouk Hafedh , Dhahri J.
Published: June 2023

In this paper, we have studied the critical behavior and the magnetocaloric effect (MCE) simulation for the La0.75Ca0.1Na0.15MnO3 (LCNMO) compound at the second order ferromagnetic–paramagnetic phase transition.
Can anions possess bound doubly-excited electronic states?
Authors: Hou Shi-Jie , Yang Yi-Fan , Cui Zhong-hua , Cederbaum Lorenz S.
Published: June 2023

Evolution of a doubly-excited state of an endocircular anion.
Enhanced electron collection in a particulate LaTiO2N photoanode assembled with an inserted ZnO nanorod array for photoelectrochemical water oxidation
Authors: Liu Xiaoli , Huang Hezhou , Luo Xin , Luo Jianqiang , Liu Shujuan , Zhong Yangbo , Zhang Yifan , Ma Jiaojiao , Xiong Feng-Qiang
Published: June 2023

The photocurrent at 1.23 VRHE on a particulate LaTiO2N photoanode is enhanced by 2 orders of magnitude by inserting a ZnO nanorod array, and further improved to 4.66 mA cm−2 by increasing the carrier density of the LaTiO2N micron particles.
Ejection dynamics of spherically confined active polymers through a small pore
Authors: Li Chuqiao , Chen Zehong , Liu Danfeng , Zhou Hengwei , Ding Mingming
Published: June 2023

Using Brownian dynamics simulations, we study the ejection dynamics of spherically confined active polymers through a small pore.
(Chlorosulfonyl)(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide—a versatile building block for battery electrolytes
Authors: Jin Letao , Song Ziyu , Zhang Heng , Zhou Zhibin , Feng Wenfang
Published: June 2023

The present work provides the explicit reaction pathways of (chlorosulfonyl)(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide in the presence of tertiary amines, as well as several zwitterion compounds of great interest for battery use.
Lightweight image matting algorithm based on deep learning
Authors: Qin Xujia , Yang Guang , Shao Qin , Zheng Hongbo , Zhang Meiyu
Published: June 2023

To solve the problem that the deep learning‐based image matting algorithm cannot balance accuracy and model size, a lightweight image matting algorithm based on deep learning is proposed. Considering the limitation of memory and computing resources, and aiming at lightweight. We construct a network and gradually improved it. Firstly, apply deep detachable convolution to deep image matting networks to form faster and stronger encoder and decoder networks. The simultaneous use of depth‐separable convolution can also reduce the number of corresponding model parameters and computation. And then attention mechanism is integrated into the model and SE Block was used to assign different weights to feature channels to improve the accuracy of the model. Finally, knowledge distillation scheme is designed in part of the encoder‐decoder structure, the corresponding loss function is proposed, and the method of knowledge distillation is used to improve the feature learning ability of the lightweight neural network. Compared with the original deep image matting model, the number of parameters in the new model is greatly reduced without too much loss of accuracy.
A note on the minimum‐norm in dual space approach to some classical linear optimal control problems
Authors: Zhou Yue , Kachroo Pushkin , Ozbay Kaan
Published: June 2023

Some classical optimal control problems of linear systems can be characterized as finding minimum‐norm vectors from within linear varieties in appropriate dual spaces. Then, the solution to such an optimal control problem can be derived from the alignment between the optimal vector in the dual space and the optimal vector in the primal space, and the dual maximization problem of the minimum‐norm problem. This note presents a detailed introduction to this minimum‐norm in dual space approach by examples of minimum‐supremum‐norm, minimum‐energy, and minimum‐time optimal control problems of linear systems. Connections and differences between these problems in light of the introduced approach are discussed.
ATLASGAL: 3 mm class I methanol masers in high-mass star formation regions
Authors: Yang W. , Gong Y. , Menten K. M. , Urquhart J. S. , Henkel C. , Wyrowski F. , Csengeri T. , Ellingsen S. P. , Bemis A. R. , Jang J.
Published: June 2023

Context. Class I methanol masers are known to be associated with shocked outflow regions around massive protostars, indicating a possible link between the maser properties and those of their host clumps.

Aims. The main goals of this study are (1) to search for new class I methanol masers, (2) to statistically study the relationship between class I masers and shock tracers, (3) to compare the properties between class I masers and their host clumps, also as a function of their evolutionary stage, and (4) to constrain the physical conditions that excite multiple class I masers simultaneously.

Methods. We analysed the 3 mm wavelength spectral line survey of 408 clumps identified by the APEX Telescope Large Area Survey of the Galaxy (ATLASGAL), which were observed with the IRAM 30-meter telescope, focusing on the class I methanol masers with frequencies near 84, 95, and 104.3 GHz.

Results. We detect narrow maser-like features towards 54, 100, and 4 sources in the maser lines near 84, 95, and 104.3 GHz, respectively. Among them, 50 masers at 84 GHz, 29 masers at 95 GHz, and 4 rare masers at 104.3 GHz are new discoveries. The new detections increase the number of known 104.3 GHz masers from five to nine. The 95 GHz class I methanol maser is generally stronger than the 84 GHz maser counterpart. We find nine sources showing class I methanol masers, but no SiO emission, indicating that class I methanol masers might be the only signpost of protostellar outflow activity in extremely embedded objects at the earliest evolutionary stage. Class I methanol masers that are associated with sources that show SiO line wings are more numerous and stronger than those without such wings. The total integrated intensity of class I methanol masers is well correlated with the integrated intensity and velocity coverage of the SiO (2−1) emission. The properties of class I methanol masers are positively correlated with the bolometric luminosity, clump mass, and peak H2 column density of their associated clumps, but are uncorrelated with the luminosity-to-mass ratio, dust temperature, and mean H2 volume density.

Conclusions. We suggest that the properties of class I masers are related to shocks traced by SiO. Based on our observations, we conclude that class I methanol masers at 84 and 95 GHz can trace a similar evolutionary stage to the H2O maser, and appear prior to 6.7 and 12.2 GHz methanol and OH masers. Despite their small number, the 104.3 GHz class I masers appear to trace a shorter and more evolved stage compared to the other class I masers.
Overview of the VIII International Conference on Advanced Agritechnologies, Environmental Engineering and Sustainable Development – AGRITECH-VIII – 2023
Authors: Kovalev Igor , Voroshilova Anna
Published: June 2023

The overview describes the main directions and results of the International Conference “AGRITECH-VIII-2023” held in Krasnoyarsk, Russia on 29-31 March 2023. It gives the details about the participants and the proceedings. The anchor partners of Krasnoyarsk Science and Technology City Hall were Krasnoyarsk State Agrarian University, Ufa State Petroleum Technological University, Ufa, Republic of Bashkortostan, the Volga Region Research Institute of Manufacture and Processing of Meat-and-Milk Production, Volgograd, Russia, Bukhara Engineering Technological Institute, Bukhara and Namangan Engineering Technological University, Namangan, Uzbekistan, Zhetysu University named after I. Zhansugurov, Taldykorgan, Kazakhstan. The Krasnoyarsk Research Institute of Agriculture of the Federal Research Center "Krasnoyarsk Science Center of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences" and Siberian Scientific Centre DNIT sponsored the Conference.
Habitat structure qualitative assessment of hunting resources
Authors: Lyavdanskaya Ol'ga , Bastayeva Galiya , Koltunova Aleksandra , Kubasov Andrey , Smirnov Mikhail
Published: June 2023

The article provides analytical data on the integrated use of landscapes for the organization of hunting farms, methods of organizing hunting resources in the conditions of a sharply continental climate of the steppe and forest-steppe landscape of the Orenburg region. The data on the qualitative assessment of hunting resources and the factors affecting its components, the ratio of types of grounds according to the suitability of habitat for hunting animals are analyzed.
Quality of life of the population and environmental safety: an assessment in Central Asia
Authors: Bespalyy Sergey
Published: June 2023

Improving the quality of life of the population is among the main goals of the national policy of the countries of Central Asia. This goal is designated as a priority in the activities of the United Nations (UN) for the period up to 2030. The article considers one of the problems typical for the countries of Central Asia - improving the quality of life in the face of growing environmental problems that affect human health and changes in his environment. The quality of life of the population directly depends on economic growth, which has an impact on climate change, and as a result, negative changes in the quality of the environment. The article reveals the concept of "quality of life", and the main indicators of its assessment. The study presents the results of comparing the indicators of Central Asian countries in terms of the quality of life of the population based on methods that characterize certain aspects of socio-economic and environmental processes. An analysis is made of the dynamics of indicators for assessing the quality of life of the population, as well as the features of environmental safety.
Sustainable development of the Russian market of organic agro-industrial complex
Authors: Fedotova Gilyan , Larionova Irina , Dzhancharov Turmushbek , Tsitsige  , Kapustina Yuliy
Published: June 2023

Organic agriculture is a dynamically developing area of the global agro-industrial complex. Global climate problems and the depletion of natural resources across the planet dictate the need to review the food production technologies used. Excessive intensification of agricultural production through soil mineralization and fertilization, hormonal stimulation of animal and plant growth has led to the deterioration of water, soil, air quality and overall health. Therefore, the problem of reducing the anthropogenic impact on the environment is the main trend of implementing the principles of organic production. The paper developed recommendations for the strategic development of the Russian market of organic production within the framework of the current EAEU agreement. Conclusions were made on the expansion of instruments of state incentives for the development of organic agricultural production in a changing world economic relations and integration.
Features of the use of growth regulators in the cultivation of corn for grain in Western Siberia
Authors: Albert Maxim A. , Smirnov Anton E. , Galeev Rinat R. , Petrov Dmitry D.
Published: June 2023

The results of three-year studies (2020-2022) on the effectiveness of the use of various growth regulators in the cultivation of corn hybrids for grain in the forest-steppe zone of Western Siberia are presented. The studies were carried out on leached chernozem of the Novosibirsk region of the Novosibirsk region and on gray forest soil of the forest-steppe zone of the Novosibirsk Ob region. It is shown that in the forest-steppe of Western Siberia it is effective to use modern innovative growth regulators and chelate fertilizers in the process of corn grain production. It has been shown that on soil types it is effective to apply growth regulators Ecofus 0.001%, Epin-Extra 0.04% l/ha and chelated organosilicon fertilizer Siliplant 0.01% with a working solution flow rate of 300 l/ha in the phase of four to six maize leaves on six hybrids. It was statistically determined that the yield of corn grain depended on the element of technology by 33, genotype - 27 and the conditions of the year 23% and green mass, respectively, 35, 29 and 25%. It was shown that growth regulators and chelate fertilizers improved the parameters of the yield structure of corn hybrids.
Detection of vertical load on the base drive with a plug-in drive
Authors: Tukhtakuziev Abdusalim , Ishmuradov Shuxrat
Published: June 2023

When the disc plug is in operation, its straight line movement is considered important. The reason for this is that the plug bodies are angled, all pointing in the same direction, so they will attempt to rotate the plug during operation. To prevent this from happening, the plug incorporates a support disc which, by resting on the base formed by the end housing, ensures that the plug operates horizontally without tilting to the side, i.e. in a straight line movement. Based on this, it was found in theoretical studies that the vertical load applied to the disc connector depends on its parameters. According to the obtained expression, it was shown that the steepness of load on the support disc depends on its radius (diameter), depth of immersion in the bottom, thickness, thickness of the crucible, angles of sharpening and installation relative to the steepness, as well as friction and volume crushing coefficients of the ground.