bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Assessing the effectiveness of newborn resuscitation training and skill retention program on neonatal outcomes in Madhesh Province, Nepal
Authors: Chalise Mala , Dhungana Ranjan , Visick Michael K. , Clark Robert B.
Published: October 2022

Intrapartum events leading to asphyxia at birth are among the leading causes of neonatal morbidity and mortality in Nepal. In response to this, the Nepal Ministry of Health and Population adopted Helping Babies Breathe (HBB) as a tool to improve neonatal resuscitation competencies. The effectiveness of HBB trainings has been well established. However, challenges remain in maintaining skills over time. Safa Sunaulo Nepal (SSN), with support from Latter-day Saint Charities (LDS Charities) designed an initiative for scaling up newborn resuscitation training and skills maintenance over time. This paper reports on the implementation of the SSN model of newborn resuscitation trainings and skill retention, and the changes in perinatal outcomes that occurred after the program. The program built capacity among facility-based trainers for the scale up and maintenance of resuscitation skills in 20 facilities in Madhesh Province, Nepal. A single external Mentor coached and assisted the facility-based trainers, provided general support, and monitored progress. Prospective outcome monitoring tracked changes in health metrics for a period of 14 months. Data was gathered on the neonatal health outcomes of 68,435 vaginal deliveries and 9,253 cesarean sections. Results indicate decreases in neonatal deaths under 24 hours of life (p<0.001), intrapartum stillbirths (p<0.001), and the number of sick newborns transferred from the maternity unit (p<0.001). During the program, facility-based trainers taught resuscitation skills to 231 medical personnel and supported ongoing skill retention. The SSN model for newborn resuscitation training and skills retention is a low-cost, evidence-based program focusing on facility-based trainers who are mentored and supported to scale-up and sustain resuscitation skills over time. Findings from the report are suggestive that the model had a substantial influence on critical neonatal outcomes. Future programs focused on improving neonatal outcomes may benefit by incorporating program elements of SSN model.
Estimated prevalence and gender disparity of physical activity among 64,127 in-school adolescents (aged 12–17 years): A multi-country analysis of Global School-based Health Surveys from 23 African countries
Authors: Ackah Martin , Owiredu David , Salifu Mohammed Gazali , Yeboah Cynthia Osei
Published: October 2022

The Africa sub-region currently lacks quantitative normative data to illustrate the extent of burden and gender inequities of physical activity level in order to inform policy and education, towards meeting the WHO’s 2030 physical activity milestone. The study aimed to provide insights on the current prevalence of sufficient physical activity and gender disparity, using a nationally representative data from the Global School-based student Health Survey (GSHS) from 23 African countries. The study used the multi-country GSHS data from 23 African countries (2003–2017). Sufficient physical activity was measured through self-administered questionnaire. The prevalence of sufficient physical activity among in-school adolescents in each country was estimated by proportion with corresponding 95% confidence intervals. Meta-analysis with random effect was employed to pool the prevalence of physical activity level in the 23 African countries. Additionally, sub-group, sensitivity, and meta-regression analyses were performed. The study included 23 African countries representing 64,127 in-school adolescents aged 12–17 years. Overall, only 20% [95% CI: 18%-22%] of adolescents in Africa engaged in sufficient physical activity. With respect to sex, only 25% [95% CI: 22%-28%] of males and 16% [95% CI: 14%-18%] of females met the WHO recommendation of sufficient physical activity. Sufficient physical activity ranged from 11.6% [9.2%-14.5%] in Sudan to 38.3% [CI:30.2%-47.1%] in Benin. Sufficient physical activity in boys ranged from 7.5% [95% CI: 6.2%-9.0%] in Zambia to 29.2% [95% CI: 22.5%-36.8%] in Benin, and ranged from 2.5% [95% CI: 1.6%-4.0%] in Senegal to 12.2% [95% CI:10.6%-14.1%] in Tanzania for girls. Only 20% of in-school adolescents met the WHO’s recommended physical activity level. Generally, adolescent girls in Africa are less active than adolescent boys. Addressing the rising burden of insufficient physical activity in adolescents and narrowing the gender gap could ultimately increase the overall physical activity engagement and achieve the WHO’s global physical activity target by 2030.
The scenario of knowledge, attitude and practice of the Bangladeshi population towards thalassemia prevention: A nationwide study
Authors: Alam Nur E. , Islam Md Shariful , Khabir Md Imam Ul , Suriea Umme , Islam Md Muzahidul , Mohiuddin Ramisa Binti , Akter Sumaiya , Mahamud Nahid , Bappy Md Nazmul Islam , Sardar Dipankar , Mahmud Shahin , Chowdhury Kamal , Mohiuddin A. K. M.
Published: October 2022

Thalassemia is one of the most common life-threatening yet preventable congenital hemoglobin disorders especially in South Asian regions like Bangladesh. It has become a rising public health concern for Bangladesh as 6–12% of the population are carriers and many of them are unaware of it. The purpose of the study is to inspect the knowledge and attitude towards thalassemia among the general people of Bangladesh. A cross-sectional survey was conducted in eight administrative regions of Bangladesh between January and October of 2020. A structured questionnaire was designed to collect information about thalassemia and socio-demographic characteristics. Multivariate logistic regression models were used to identify factors associated with knowledge of thalassemia. Ap-value<0.05was considered significant. Of the 1,248 participants, only 47.4% had heard of thalassemia. Half of the participants who heard about the disease had no idea that thalassemia was not a transfusion transmitted disease. Only 49.8% of participant correctly identified consanguineous marriages as an important risk factor. Majority of them knew that marriage between two carriers can lead to a child with thalassemia major. About 72.5% knew that blood tests are a diagnosis method to determine thalassemia. Among the socio-demographic variables, the level of education of the respondents was identified as an independent predictor for knowledge (p<0.05) on thalassemia. For example, graduate (aOR: 24.88; 95% CI: 6.238–99.232) or post-graduate (aOR: 33.18; 95% CI: 7.864–140.001) participants were more aware of thalassemia than non-graduates. However, about 68.2% of the participants showed a positive attitude towards premarital screening of themselves or their family members and 85.3% were willing to donate blood to thalassemia patients. The study shows that there is a need to disseminate the information on thalassemia since the knowledge gap is huge among people. These findings will strengthen the implementation of thalassemia major awareness through educational programs, health counseling, premarital screening and campaigning.
Clinical characteristics and outcomes of SARS-Cov-2 B.1.1.529 infections in hospitalized patients and multi-surge comparison in Louisiana
Authors: Taylor Katie , Rivere Evan , Jagneaux Tonya , LeBoeuf Gabrielle , Estela Karen , Pierce Christi , O’Neal Catherine
Published: October 2022

Background

Peer reviewed data describing SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant symptoms and clinical outcomes as compared to prior surges in the United States is thus far limited. We sought to determine disease severity, presenting features, and epidemiologic factors of the SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant compared to prior surges.

Methods

Retrospective cohort analysis was performed on patients admitted during five surges in Louisiana between March 2020 and January 2022. Patient data was pulled from the medical record and a subset of patients during Surge 5 were manually abstracted. Patients who were admitted to one of six Louisiana hospitals with a positive SARS-CoV-2 test during the 5 defined surge periods were included. Surges were compared using chi-squared tests and one way ANOVA for age, sex, vaccination status, length of stay, ICU status, ventilation requirement, and disposition at discharge. The records of patients admitted during the omicron surge were analyzed for presenting symptoms and incidental SARS-CoV-2 diagnosis.

Results

With each subsequent surge, a smaller proportion of patients presenting to the emergency department were admitted. Patients admitted during surge 5 had shorter lengths of stay and fewer comorbidities than prior surges. Fewer patients in surge 5 presented with a respiratory condition and fewer required ICU admission. In surges 4 and 5, fewer vaccinated patients were admitted compared to their unvaccinated counterparts. Overall mortality was lower in surge 5 (9%) than in surge 4 (15%) p < .0005. Of the SARS-Cov-2 admissions in surge 5, 22.3% were felt to be incidental diagnoses.

Conclusions

As the COVID-19 pandemic progressed, a younger and less vaccinated population was associated with higher risk for severe disease, fewer patients required ICU admission and overall mortality decreased. Vaccinations seemed to be protective for overall risk of hospitalization but once admitted did not seem to confer additional protection against severe illness during the omicron surge. Age also contributed to patient outcomes.
Elucidating the effect of mechanical stretch stress on the mechanism of ligamentum flavum hypertrophy: Development of a novel in vitro multi-torsional stretch loading device
Authors: Kwon Woo-Keun , Ham Chang Hwa , Choi Hyuk , Baek Seung Min , Lee Jae Won , Park Youn-Kwan , Moon Hong Joo , Park Woong Bae , Kim Joo Han
Published: October 2022

Objective

We developed a novel multi-torsional mechanical stretch stress loading device for ligamentum flavum cells and evaluated its influence on the development of ligamentum flavum hypertrophy, a common cause of lumbar spinal canal stenosis.

Materials and methods

Stretch strength of the device was optimized by applying 5% and 15% MSS loads for 24, 48, and 72 h. A cytotoxicity assay of human ligamentum flavum cells was performed and the results were compared to control (0% stress). Inflammatory markers (interleukin [IL]-6, IL-8), vascular endothelial growth factor [VEGF], and extracellular matrix (ECM)-regulating cytokines (matrix metalloproteinase [MMP]-1, MMP-3 and MMP-9, and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase [TIMP]-1 and TIMP-2) were quantified via enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.

Results

Using our multi-torsional mechanical stretch stress loading device, 5% stress for 24 hour was optimal for ligamentum flavum cells. Under this condition, the IL-6 and IL-8 levels, VEGF level, and MMP-1, MMP-3, and TIMP-2 were significantly increased, compared to the control.

Conclusion

Using the novel multi-torsional mechanical stretch stress loading device we confirmed that, mechanical stress enhances the production of inflammatory cytokines and angiogenic factors, and altered the expression of ECM-regulating enzymes, possibly triggering ligamentum flavum hypertrophy.
Systematic review of cochlear implantation in patients with inner ear malformations
Authors: Shah Sunny , Walters Rameen , Langlie Jake , Davies Camron , Finberg Ariel , Tuset Maria-Pia , Ebode Dario , Mittal Rahul , Eshraghi Adrien A.
Published: October 2022

Objectives

To evaluate the outcomes of cochlear implantation in patients with severe to profound sensorineural hearing loss due to inner ear malformations (IEMs) when compared to patients without IEMs. We discussed audiological outcomes such as open-set testing, closed-set testing, CAP score, and SIR score as well as postoperative outcomes such as cerebrospinal fluid gusher and incomplete insertion rate associated with cochlear implantation in individuals with IEMs.

Data sources

PubMed, Science Direct, Web of Science, Scopus, and EMBASE databases.

Review methods

After screening a total of 222 studies, twelve eligible original articles were included in the review to analyze the speech and hearing outcomes of implanted patients with IEMs. Five reviewers independently screened, selected, and extracted data. The “Tool to Assess Risk of Bias in Cohort Studies” published by the CLARITY group was used to perform quality assessment on eligible studies. Systematic review registration number: CRD42021237489.

Results

IEMs are more likely to be associated with abnormal position of the facial nerve, raising the risk of intraoperative complications. These patients may benefit from cochlear implantation, but audiological outcomes may also be less favorable than in individuals without IEMs. Furthermore, due to the risk of cerebrospinal fluid gusher, incomplete insertion of electrodes, and postoperative facial nerve stimulation, surgeons can employ precautionary measures such as preoperative imaging and proper counseling. Postoperative imaging is suggested to be beneficial in ensuring proper electrode placement.

Conclusions

Cochlear implants (CIs) have the potential to provide auditory rehabilitation to individuals with IEMs. Precise classification of the malformation, preoperative imaging and anatomical mapping, appropriate electrode selection, intra-operative techniques, and postoperative imaging are recommended in this population.
Association of analgosedation with psychiatric symptoms and health-related quality of life in ARDS survivors: Post hoc analyses of the DACAPO study
Authors: Blecha Sebastian , Zeman Florian , Rohr Magdalena , Dodoo-Schittko Frank , Brandstetter Susanne , Karagiannidis Christian , Apfelbacher Christian , Bein Thomas ,   for the DACAPO study group
Published: October 2022

Background

The acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is a life-threatening condition with the risk of developing hypoxia and thus requires for invasive mechanical ventilation a long-term analgosedation. Yet, prolonged analgosedation may be a reason for declining health-related quality of life (HRQoL) and the development of psychiatric disorders.

Methods

We used data from the prospective observational nation‑wide ARDS study across Germany (DACAPO) to investigate the influence of sedation and analgesia on HRQoL and the risk of psychiatric symptoms in ARDS survivors 3, 6 and 12 months after their discharge from the intensive care unit (ICU). HRQoL was measured with the Physical and Mental Component Scale of the Short‑Form 12 Questionnaire (PCS‑12, MCS‑12). The prevalence of psychiatric symptoms (depression and post‑traumatic stress disorder [PTSD]) was assessed using the Patient Health Questionnaire‑9 and the Post‑Traumatic Stress Syndrome‑14. The associations of analgosedation with HRQoL and psychiatric symptoms were investigated by means of multivariable linear regression models.

Results

The data of 134 ARDS survivors (median age [IQR]: 55 [44–64], 67% men) did not show any significant association between analgosedation and physical or mental HRQoL up to 1 year after ICU discharge. Multivariable linear regression analysis (B [95%‑CI]) yielded a significant association between symptoms of psychiatric disorders and increased cumulative doses of ketamine up to 6 months after ICU discharge (after 3 months: depression: 0.15 [0.05, 0.25]; after 6 months: depression: 0.13 [0.03, 0.24] and PTSD: 0.42 [0.04, 0.80)]).

Conclusions

Up to 1 year after ICU discharge, analgosedation did not influence HRQoL of ARDS survivors. Prolonged administration of ketamine during ICU treatment, however, was positively associated with the risk of psychiatric symptoms. The administration of ketamine to ICU patients with ARDS should be with caution.

Trial registration

Clinicaltrials.gov: NCT02637011 (Registered 15 December 2015, retrospectively registered).
Bedside medication review with cognitive and depression screening by a clinical pharmacist as part of a comprehensive geriatric assessment in hospitalized older patients with polypharmacy: A pilot study
Authors: Mertens Veerle , Jacobs Leen , Knops Nicole , Alemzadeh Seyedeh Malihe , Vandeven Kay , Swartenbroekx Jo , Moorkens Greta , Vandewoude Maurits
Published: October 2022

Background

Polypharmacy is highly prevalent in older patients with multimorbidity and is associated with increased risk of adverse drug events. This pilot study investigated the added value of a bedside medication review with cognitive and depression screening by a clinical pharmacist to identify potentially inappropriate medications (PIMs) and medication use issues in older patients with polypharmacy.

Methods and results

In the period from September 2018 to March 2019, a clinical pharmacist took part in the comprehensive geriatric assessment of 37 older patients hospitalized at Antwerp University Hospital and conducted a medication review consisting of a record review, a bedside interview questionnaire covering medication use, evaluation of cognitive function (abbreviated MMSE), depression (GDS-4), and systematic check for possible PIMs (STOPP/START criteria).

Patients were 83±4 years old and on a median of 12 home medications (range 5–20). The clinical pharmacist formulated an average of 7.7 recommendations to optimize medication use per patient, of which 89.9% were considered clinically relevant by the geriatrician. Only 2 out of 286 PIMs were discovered during routine electronic validation of medication prescriptions. Supervision of medication intake was absent in 75% of cognitively impaired patients, but advice to do so was implemented in 86.4% of cases. The multidisciplinary geriatric advice was communicated to the treating physician, who fully implemented 33.8% of the recommendations.

Conclusions

Bedside medication review with cognitive and depression screening by a clinical pharmacist is useful to discover polypharmacy related problems and medication intake issues in a population of geriatric patients. Systematic screening for cognitive impairment and depression are needed to detect patients in need of support for correct medication use and therapy compliance.
A study on the proliferation of Myzus persicae (sulzer) during the winter season for year-round production within a smart farm facility
Authors: Park Jae-Hoon , Lee Jung-Min , Kim Eui-Joo , Park Ji-Won , Lee Eung-Pill , Lee Soo-In , You Young-Han
Published: October 2022

In this study, we examined the feasibility of Myzus persicae proliferation through interrelationships with host plants in a smart farm facility during winter. We investigated aphid proliferation under an LED artificial light source and attempted to interpret aphid proliferation in relation to the net photosynthetic rate of the host plant, Eutrema japonicum. We observed that aphids continuously proliferated in the smart farm facility in winter without dormancy. The average number of aphids was greater under the 1:1 red:blue light irradiation time ratio, where the photosynthetic rate of the host plant was lower than under the 5:1 and 10:1 red:blue light irradiation time ratios. These results show that it is important to maintain a low net photosynthetic rate of the host plant, E. japonicum, in order to effectively proliferate aphids under artificial light such as in the case of smart farm facilities.
Willingness to work in rural areas and associated factors among graduating health students at the University of Gondar, northwest Ethiopia, 2021
Authors: Getachew Blen , Bizuneh Biruk , Ewunetu Birhanu , Kassahun Dawit , Fentahun Dessalegn , Ademe Destaw , Cherkos Endeshaw Admasu , Kebede Azmeraw Ambachew
Published: October 2022

Background

Many of the rural areas in developing countries are still in need access to quality healthcare services. To ensure the fair distribution of a high-quality health workforce and the availability of health services, there is a need to assess the background barriers that explain why healthcare providers are not interested to work in rural areas, thereby setting strategies to achieve universal health coverage. Therefore, this study is aimed to assess the willingness to work in rural areas and associated factors among health students at the University of Gondar.

Methods

An institution-based cross-sectional study was conducted at the University of Gondar from August 15 to 25, 2021. A total of 422 study participants were selected using a stratified random sampling technique. A pretested self-administered questionnaire was employed to collect the data. Data were entered into EPI DATA 4.6 and exported to SPSS 25 for further analysis. Multivariable logistic regression analysis was performed to identify factors associated with students’ willingness to work in rural areas. The level of significance was decided based on the 95% confidence interval at a p-value of ≤ 0.05.

Results

In this study, it was found that health students’ willingness to work in rural areas was 78.4% (95% CI: 74.3, 82.4). Being male (AOR = 2.15; 95% CI: 1.17, 3.94), having intention to continue with their profession (AOR = 2.5; 95% CI: 1.28, 4.86), having a favorable attitude towards working in rural areas (AOR = 7.32; 95% CI: 5.71, 18.65), and having a mother with no formal education (AOR = 2.23; 95% CI: 1.02, 4.85) and completed primary education (AOR = 2.69; 95% CI: 1.1, 6.61) were significantly associated with willingness to work in rural areas.

Conclusion

The willingness of students to work in rural areas was optimal. This calls for concerned bodies to create a conducive environment for male and female students to engage in rural areas without hesitation. It is also important to ensure that students are willing to work in the rural areas voluntarily, instead of working in rural areas due to a lack of employment.
Effects of nicosulfuron on plant growth and sugar metabolism in sweet maize (Zea mays L.)
Authors: Xu Ningwei , Wu Zhenxing , Li Xiangling , Yang Min , Han Jinling , Lu Bin , Lu Bingshe , Wang Jian
Published: October 2022

The sulfonylurea herbicide nicosulfuron is efficient, harmless and selective at low doses and has been widely used in maize cultivation. In this study, a pair of corn sister lines, HK301 (nicosulfuron-tolerence, NT) and HK320 (nicosulfuron-sensitive, NS), was chosen to study the effect of nicosulfuron on plant growth and sugar metabolism in sweet maize (Zea mays L.) seedlings. All the experimental samples were subjected to treatment with water or 80 mg kg–1 of nicosulfuron when the sweet maize seedlings grew to the four-leaf stage. Nicosulfuron significantly inhibited the growth of NS line. The content of sucrose and the activities of sucrose phosphate synthase and sucrose synthase in the two inbred lines increased differentially under nicosulfuron stress compared with the respective control treatment. After nicosulfuron treatment, the activities of hexokinase and 6-phosphofructokinase and the contents of pyruvic acid and citric acid in NS line decreased significantly compared with those of NT line, while the content of sucrose and activities of sucrose phosphate synthase and sucrose synthase increased significantly. The disruption of sugar metabolism in NS line led to a lower supply of energy for growth. This study showed that the glycolysis pathway and the tricarboxylic acid cycle were enhanced in nicosulfuron-tolerant line under nicosulfuron stress in enhancing the adaptability of sweet maize.
Anatomical and functional correlates of cystic macular edema in retinitis pigmentosa
Authors: Ruff Adam , Tezel Alangoya , Tezel Tongalp H.
Published: October 2022

Cystoid macular edema (CME) is a major cause of central visual deterioration in retinitis pigmentosa. The exact reason for CME and its prognostic significance in this patient population is unknown. We seek to find clues to answer these questions by examining the anatomical correlations between retinal cysts and retinal morphometric parameters in a cohort of patients with retinitis pigmentosa and CME. For this reason, 103 patients (196 eyes) with untreated cystoid macular edema (CME) were identified from a pool of 578 genotyped patients with retinitis pigmentosa. Image analyses were conducted using three central horizontal OCT scans of these patients to calculate cross-sectional areas of the retinal nerve fiber layer, outer retinal, inner retinal, cysts, and total retinal areas. Lengths of the ellipsoid zone and outer limiting membrane were also measured. Best-fit curves were derived for analyzing the factors playing a role in the size of the retinal cysts and the patients’ visual acuity. Generalized Estimating Equation and multivariate linear regression analyses were conducted to determine the correlations between visual acuity, morphometric and clinical data, and the significant cyst size and visual acuity determinants. Twenty-five percent of the screened patients (103/578) had CME. Patients with autosomal dominant retinitis pigmentosa had the highest incidence of CME (43.6%, p<0.001) but also had the best visual acuity (20/34±20/30, p = 0.02). The total cyst area was 0.14±0.18 mm2. Outer retinal area (B = 0.214; p = 0.008), age (B = -0.003; p<0.001) and retinal nerve fiber area (B = 0.411; p = 0.005) were main determinants of the (r = 0.44; p<0.001) cyst size. Cysts resolved with progressing retinal degeneration. Length of the intact ellipsoid zone (B = -5.16E-5; p<0.001), the inheritance pattern (B = 0.04; p = 0.028) and retinal nerve fiber area (B = 0.751; p<0.001) were the main determinants of visual acuity. In patients with retinitis pigmentosa and cystoid macular edema, retinal nerve fiber layer thickness is associated with decreasing visual acuity and cyst size. This finding suggests that intraretinal cysts may compress retinal axons and cause subsequent visual loss in retinitis pigmentosa.
H.E.R.O. Unmasking: A mixed methods pilot study to explore the impact of a tele-drama therapy protocol on frontline healthcare workers during COVID-19
Authors: Rothman Amanda , Offerman Elena , Trottier Dana George
Published: October 2022

H.E.R.O. (Helping Essential workers Reclaim roles Online) Unmasking was a virtual drama therapy protocol designed to support frontline healthcare workers (re)connect to part of their humanity overshadowed by the role of the Healthcare Hero during the COVID-19 pandemic. The intervention, grounded in Role Theory, sought to provide immediate relief and meaning making through embodied storytelling. This pilot study utilized a quasi-experimental mixed methods design to measure the effect of the protocol. The Integration of Stressful Life Experiences Scale-Short Form was implemented. A dependent t-test did not yield statistical significance from pre-test (17.26) to post-test (20.47), although a medium effect size (0.64) was found. Post-test scores suggested that participants demonstrated more adaptive meaning making after the workshop. A small sample size (n = 19) likely impacted the ability to find statistical significance. Qualitative results produced prominent themes of transformation, connection and joy. Clinical implications and future directions are discussed.
Communication Research on Expressive Arts and Narrative as Forms of Healing: More Than Words, Kamran Afary and Alice Marianne Fritz (eds) (2020)
Authors: Tam Rowena
Published: October 2022

Review of: Communication Research on Expressive Arts and Narrative as Forms of Healing: More Than Words, Kamran Afary and Alice Marianne Fritz (eds) (2020)

London: Lexington Books, 306 pp.,

ISBN 978-1-79360-268-8, h/bk, $126.00
An Introduction to Psychotherapeutic Playback Theater: Hall of Mirrors on Stage, Ronen Kowalsky, Nir Raz and Shoshi Keisari with Susana Pendzik (2022)
Authors: Alperin Roni
Published: October 2022

Review of: An Introduction to Psychotherapeutic Playback Theater: Hall of Mirrors on Stage, Ronen Kowalsky, Nir Raz and Shoshi Keisari with Susana Pendzik (2022)

London and New York: Routledge, 191 pp.,

ISBN 978-0-36776-630-6, h/bk, $160.00

ISBN 978-0-36776-629-0, p/bk, $39.95

ISBN 978-1-00316-782-2, e/bk, $35.95
Efficient Content Based Video Retrieval System by Applying AlexNet on Key Frames
Authors: Hussain Altaf , Ahmad Mehtab , Hussain Tariq , Ullah Ijaz
Published: October 2022

The video retrieval system refers to the task of retrieving the most relevant video collection, given a user query. By applying some feature extraction models the contents of the video can be extracted. With the exponential increase in video data in online and offline databases as well as a huge implementation of multiple applications in health, military, social media, and art, the Content-Based Video Retrieval (CBVR) system has emerged. The CBVR system takes the inner contents of the video frame and analyses features of each frame, through which similar videos are retrieved from the database. However, searching and retrieving the same clips from huge video collection is a hard job because of the presence of complex properties of visual data. Video clips have many frames and every frame has multiple properties that have many visual properties like color, shape, and texture. In this research, an efficient content-based video retrieval system using the AlexNet model of Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) on the keyframes system has been proposed. Firstly, select the keyframes from the video. Secondly, the color histogram is then calculated. Then the features of the color histogram are compared and analyzed for CBVR. The proposed system is based on the AlexNet model of CNN and color histogram, and extracted features from the frames are together to store in the feature vector. From MATLAB simulation results, the proposed method has been evaluated on benchmark dataset UCF101 which has 13320 videos from 101 action categories. The experiments of our system give a better performance as compared to the other state-of-the-art techniques. In contrast to the existing work, the proposed video retrieval system has shown a dramatic and outstanding performance by using accuracy and loss as performance evaluation parameters.
“Catherine Tekakwitha, who are you?” — The Indigenous Female Body in the Colonial and Post-Colonial
Authors: Weiher Emma Charlotte
Published: October 2022

In 2012, the Mohawk saint Catherine Tekakwitha was finally canonized by the Catholic church. She has been the subject of many accounts and narratives —both historical and fictional—and figures as the main subject of Leonard Cohen’s 1966 novel Beautiful Losers. While having been lauded for its post-modernist and presumably postcolonialism stance on Tekakwitha’s figure, Cohen’s novel remains controversial in its depiction and appropriation of Indigenous womanhood. Beautiful Losers relies heavily on missionaries’ accounts of Tekakwitha and is entrenched in the male protagonist’s sexual claim and fixation on her character. Given the significant status of women in Indigenous communities, I argue that Cohen’s novel not only participates in an ongoing violation of the Indigenous female body but also denies the integrity of Indigenous family structures and their social as well as narrative authority. It hinders, rather than encourages, a shift in narrative authority pertaining to Canada’s colonial heritage. While Cohen’s text remains a necessary testament to the shortcomings and failures of history and its criticism, what is required in forthcoming scholarship and narratives dealing with Tekakwitha and figures similar to her is a narration originating in Indigenous communities. An emergence of such narratives requires a definite reckoning with Canada’s violent history of mistreating Indigenous womanhood that continues to this day.
Inuit Sentinels: Examining the Efficacy of (Life) Writing Climate Change in Sheila Watt-Cloutier’s The Right to Be Cold
Authors: Miller Claudia
Published: October 2022

The impact of climate change on Inuit communities in the Canadian Arctic has been widely documented in a myriad of scientific publications. However, the cultural and identity shifts attached to these changes have often been overlooked in mainstream portrayals that center on ice melt and animal species extinction to the detriment of the human factor. As many scholars have stated (Patrizia Isabella Duda, 2017 and Andrew Stuhl, 2016), the risks embedded in Arctic climate change must be considered as directly related to a demise of culture, education, and the social conditions of Inuit communities. This paper examines Inuit experience as a human-centered approach to climate change in Sheila Watt-Cloutier’s The Right to Be Cold (2015). The text explores how Inuit ways of being are inseparable from the Arctic environment, demonstrating the vulnerability, adaptability and ingenuity of Inuit communities in the face of environmental crisis. Informed by Inuit epistemology and impregnated with feeling, I will argue how the autobiographical subject positions interlaced with affectivity in The Right exemplify Inuit life writing as essential contributions to climate change discourse.
Komunikasi Kebijakan Publik dalam Implementasi Program e-Parking di Kota Medan
Authors: Rangkuti Zoraya Alfathin , Rangkuti M. Ridwan
Published: October 2022

Penerapan tentang program E-Parking sejatinya dibentuk untuk menangani ketidakstabilan keamanan juru parkir di Kota Medan. Namun pada pelaksanaannya ditemukan adanya permasalahan terkait komunikasi yang terjalin antar stakeholders. Penelitian ini berujuan untuk menganalisis bagaimana komunikasi yang terjalin antar stakeholders dalam implementasi kebijakan program E-Parking di Kota Medan, adapun fenomena yang akan diteliti yaitu komunikasi yang dilakukan stakeholders dan implementasi program E-Parking di Kota Medan. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah dengan pendekatan deskriptif kualitatif dengan teknik penentuan informan purposive sampling. Hasil dari penelitian menunjukan komunikasi yang dilakukan Pemerintah Kota Medan berupa Sosialisasi Perencanaan E-Parking yang diikuti oleh perwakilan seluruh juru parkir di Kota Medan, workshop dan FGD, sedangkan para calon juru parking elektronik melakukan komunikasi dengan cara komunikasi secara langsung dan dalam bentuk diskusi tentang pelaksanaan penggunakan teknologi di Kota Medan. Kemudian komunikasi yang dilakukan oleh Pemerintah Kota Medan adalah dengan menawarkan program E-Parking dengan cara door to door kepada juru parkir jalanandan rapat koordinasi yang di hadiri oleh beberapa warga dan tokoh masyarakat. Namun pada pelaksanaannya terdapat beberapa kendala diantaranya: ketidakjelasan komunikasi yang dilakukan oleh salah satu stakeholders dalam mengkomunikasikan pelaksanaan program E-Parking yang menimbulkan mis-interpretasi, kemudian terdapat ketidaksinambungan antara pihak pemerintah dengan juru parkir lama. Adapun saran yang dapat diberikan oleh peneliti adalah: perlu adanya peningkatan kesadaran antar stakeholders dalam melakukan kerjasama diperlukan komunikasi yang intensif antar stakeholders agar meminimalisir perbedaan pemahaman dalam komunikasi yang dilakukan oleh para juru parkir dengan Pemerintah Kota Medan.
Nada dan Dakwah: Analisis Diskursus atas Lirik Lagu “Perdamaian” dari Nasida Ria sebagai Komunikasi Dakwah Lewat Musik
Authors: Mandalia Sekar Arum , Muhammad Afif , Huriyani Yeni
Published: October 2022

Nasida Ria is a qasidah music group from Semarang which was founded in 1975. This group is popular, one of which is through the song titled 'Peace' which was released in 1982. This article attempts to dismantle the link between the lyrics of the song and the global situation that surrounds it. When it emerged in 1982, global conditions were hot due to the cold war and the Iran-Iraq war. While popular again in 2022, 'Peace' is relevant to the conflict between Russia and Ukraine. The lyrics of 'Peace' were analyzed textually, microsociologically, and macrosociologically using a discourse analysis approach from Norman Fairclough. The analysis resulted in the conclusion that from a textual analysis, 'Peace' emphasizes the contradiction aspect in conveying its ideas. In addition, Peace also points to the subject of "you" as the excluded part and the subject of "me" as the included part. In a microsociological analysis, 'Peace' conveys an Islamic message that can be linked through intertextual analysis of the Qur'anic verse, namely Q.S. Al Anfal: 61, Q.S. Al Hujurat: 9, Q.S. An-Nisaa: 90. From a macro-sociological analysis, 'Peace' is relevant in the context of peace from wars involving weapons.
MELATONIN CAN NOT SIGNIFICANTLY REDUCE BLOOD SUGAR LEVELS
Authors: Rinalda Christiana , Nugroho Taufik Eko , Batubara Lusiana , Budiastuti Asih
Published: October 2022

AbstractBackground: Burn are trauma that can cause local and systemic damage including hypermetabolism, inflammation, and hyperglicemia. Stress Induced Hyperglycemia (SIH) occurs by increasing gluconeogenesis and insulin resistance. Both of these are mediated through an increase in regulated stress hormones and proinflammatory cytokines. Melatonin has been proposed as a burn supportive therapy that may prevent oxidative damage and inhibit excessive inflammatory responses.Aim: Proving the effects of melatonin supplementation on blood glucose level in male Wistar rats with burn injury.Methods: This research was an experimental with randomized control group pre-post test design. Twelve healthy male Wistar rats were included and divided into two groups, control and experimental group. Each rat was induced 30% burn injury under anesthesia. Rats in control group were given placebo, while rats in experimental group were treated with melatonin i.p at 0, 8 and 16 hours after burn injury. Blood samples were collected from the retroorbital sinuses at 0, 3, and 24 hours. Data were analyzed statistically by Paired t-Test and Independent t-Test. Results: In male Wistar rats with third degree burns given placebo, blood sugar levels significantly increase in 0-3 hours (p=0.006)  and 0-24 hours (p=0.037). Meanwhile, in male Wistar rats with third degree burns given melatonin, blood sugar levels did not change significantly in 0-3 hours (p=0.470), 0-24 hours (p=0.286), dan 3-24 hours (p=0.833). Conclusions: Melatonin administration can not significantly reduce blood sugar levels.Keywords: Burn, burn injury, blood glucose level, melatonin.
FACTORS RELATED TO ECTOPIC PREGNANCY IN RSUD R.A KARTINI JEPARA
Authors: Pradana Muhammad Fikri Hanif Raza , Trisetiyono Yuli , Hariyana Bambang , Pramono Muhammad Besari Adi
Published: October 2022

Background: Ectopic Pregnancy (EP) is a pregnancy outside the womb that ends with a rupture. Bleeding is one of the causes of the increase in Maternal Mortality Rate (MMR) by 24.5% in Central Java Province in 2017. Research to determine the factors associated with the occurrence of EP needs to be known so that the incidence of EP and MMR in Indonesia can be controlled.Purpose: This study aimed to see the incidence of EP and analyzing the relationship between age and parity with the incidence of EP in RSUD R.A Kartini Jepara.Methods: This study used an analytic observational method with a case-control research design. Sampling was done by consecutive sampling method. A total of 83 samples met the inclusion criteria, which were divided into 51 pregnant women with EP and 32 pregnant women without EP. Data were analyzed using descriptive test and Chi-square test. The factors assessed were age and parity. Other variables contained in medical records are included in the form of descriptive data.Results: The incidence of EP in RSUD R.A Kartini Jepara was 0.4% in 2017, 0.5% in 2018, and 0.3%  in 2019. In EP patients, it was found that 54.9% of patients had an education level of junior high school, 58.8% of patients had a salpingectomy procedure, 92.1% of patients whose EP location was in the tube and 60.7% of patients needed inpatient services for >4 days. The results of the bivariate analysis using the Chi-square test showed a significant relationship between parity (p = 0.029) and the incidence of EP (p <0.05). Meanwhile, age (p = 0.897) did not show a significant relationship with the incidence of EP (p> 0.05).Conclusion: The incidence of EP in RSUD R.A Kartini Jepara in was 0.4% in 2017, 0.5% in 2018, and 0.3%  in 2019. There is a relationship between parity and the incidence of EP. Meanwhile, age is not related to the incidence of EP in RSUD R.A Kartini Jepara. Keywords: Ectopic Pregnancy, Age, Parity
The Effect of Jump Rope Training on Mood Among Senior High School Students
Authors: Jufril Nazilla , Hardian Hardian , Indraswari Darmawati Ayu , Kumaidah Endang
Published: October 2022

Background: Physical activity has protective effects against the development of depression symptoms for all age groups. Cognitive training and aerobic training are lifestyle interventions that have been shown to have a positive impact on health, reducing cognitive impairment, and delaying the onset of dementia. Jump rope training is one type of aerobic training. Aerobic training is effective in improving mood. Objective: This study aims to prove the effect of jump rope training on adolescent’s mood as measured by the POMS score. Methods: This is an experimental study with 2 parallel groups pre-test and post-test design. The research subjects were 32 students of senior-high school 1 of Gunung Talang, Solok Regency, West Sumatra that were selected by purposive sampling and grouped into 2 groups. The control group without treatment (n=16), and the treatment group (n=16) were given jump rope training for 6 weeks. Mood scores were measured before and after the intervention using a profile of mood state (POMS) questionnaire and expressed as total mood disturbance (TMD) scores. Results: The research shown the significant decreases of TMD scores (p<0.001) on the treatment group rather than the control group. In addition, there was a significant difference between the post-test TMD scores of the control group and the treatment group (p=0.005). Conclusion: Jump rope training for 6 weeks can improve the mood of the adolescent.Keywords: aerobic training, jump rope training, mood, profile of mood state, total mood disturbance
Baricitinib as Treatment Option for Corona Virus Disease-19: a Literature Review
Authors: Handoyo Thomas , Farhanah Nur , Pamungkas Gianina Dinda
Published: October 2022

Background : Treatment of COVID-19 using IL-6 inhibitors, including Sarilumab or Tocilizumab, significantly decreased mortality risk. Though, Remdesivir therapy gave benefits, morbidity and mortality remained high. Baricitinib, a JAK inhibitor, can inhibit IL-6 activation pathway and has a potential effect of inhibiting disease progression to become severe.

Objective : This study aimed to evaluate the use of Baricitinib for COVID-19 patients.

Methods : This study was conducted by searching for observational and randomized controlled trial studies through online databases, “PubMed” and “Google Scholar”. Studies included must evaluate Baricitinib effectivity as therapy for hospitalized COVID-19 patients. This study included 11 studies (9 observational and 2 randomized controlled trial). Patients included had moderate-to-severe symptoms of COVID-19.

Results : Standard dose of Baricitinib was administered at 4 mg daily dose. Length of therapy was varied between 5-14 days, or up to patients’ discharge. Baricitinib therapy among included studies was administered with intravenous Remdesivir, Steroid, Tocilizumab, or other complement therapies. Mortality rate within 7-day of hospitalization with Baricitinib was 4.4%. Requirement of invasive mechanic ventilation rate after Baricitinib administration was approximately 4%. Laboratory parameters were significantly getting better after Baricitinib administration: IL-6; CRP; ferritin; and D-dimer. Serious adverse events in a randomized controlled trial, occurred more often in placebo treated compared to Baricitinib treated group.

Conclusion : Baricitinib as therapy for COVID-19 patients can decrease progression, morbidity, and mortality of the disease. Further studies are needed to evaluate the benefit of Baricitinib as main therapy for COVID-19.
COMPARISON OF ANTIBACTERIAL EFFECTIVENESS OF HERBAL TOOTHPASTE AND FLUORIDE ON THE GROWTH OF Streptococcus mutans
Authors: Dewanti Rosalia Indri , Ciptaningtyas V Rizke , Halleyantoro Ryan , Wibobo Gustantyo Wahyu
Published: October 2022

Background: Streptococcus mutans was the most dominant bacteria in caused caries. Caries could be prevented by chemical plaque control methods used toothpaste. Toothpaste had antibacterial properties by helped to prevent bacteria from colonized. There were two antibacterial ingredients in toothpaste, fluoride and herbal ingredients.

Aim: Determined the antibacterial effect of toothpaste with herbal and fluoride content on the growth of Streptococcus mutans.

Methods: This study was an experimental study with a post-test only control group design. This research method was a diffusion method by means of wells. The sample used was the Streptococcus mutans colony. The study was divided into four groups, namely herbal toothpaste, fluoride toothpaste, positive control (chlorhexidine), and negative control (aquadest sterile) which were replicated 16 times in each group. The results of this study was the diameter of the resistance zone.

Results: The average diameter of the zone of inhibition results obtained 12.49 mm (herbal toothpaste), 14.66 mm (fluoride toothpaste), 21.70 mm (chlorhexidine) and aquadest sterile there were no inhibition zones. There was a significant difference with the p value
A Bibliometric Analysis of Nanocrystalline Cellulose Research as Medical Implant Using VOSviewer
Authors: Hafilah Deaniar , Nandiyanto Asep Bayu Dani
Published: October 2022

Background: Nanocrystalline cellulose has potential for biomedical applications due to its abundant material availability, biodegradability, biocompatibility, and low weight. Research on nanocrystalline cellulose as medical implants has rarely been studied in the past 10 years, although this material has tremendous potential such as bone implants and cardiovascular implants.

Objective: This study aims to analyze the development of research on nanocrystalline cellulose as medical implants using a bibliometric approach with computational analysis using VOSviewer.

Methods: The article data was obtained using the Publish or Perish software by retrieving the database from Google Scholar. The keyword “nanocrystalline cellulose, medical implants, biomedical" is used with the publication time span from 2012 to 2020. Data processing uses Microsoft Excel. Computational mapping using VOSviewer.

Results: Research on the application of nanocrystalline cellulose has been carried out several times, this can be proven from computational mapping analysis using VOSviewer which shows the term "nanocrystalline cellulose" is in the same cluster as the term "medical implant". However, research on the application of nanocrystalline cellulose as medical implants is still rarely carried out, this is evidenced by the small frequency indicated by the two terms.

Conclusion: Based on the results of mapping the collected article data, research on the application of nanocrystalline cellulose as medical implants is an interesting topic. However, this topic is still rarely studied. Therefore, this review can be a starting point for selecting the topic of research on the application of nanocrystalline cellulose materials as medical implants as a consideration for determining the research theme to be taken.