bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Atomic scale interfacial magnetism and origin of metal-insulator transition in (LaNiO$$_3$$)$$_n$$/(CaMnO$$_3$$)$$_m$$ superlattices: a first principles study
Authors: Jilili J. , Tolbatov I. , Cossu F. , Rahaman A. , Fiser B. , Kahaly M. Upadhyay.
Published: March 2023

Interfacial magnetism and metal-insulator transition at LaNiO$$_3$$

3

-based oxide interfaces have triggered intense research efforts, because of the possible implications in future heterostructure device design and engineering. Experimental observation lack in some points a support from an atomistic view. In an effort to fill such gap, we hereby investigate the structural, electronic, and magnetic properties of (LaNiO$$_3$$

3

)$$_n$$

n

/(CaMnO$$_3$$

3

)$$_m$$

m

superlattices with varying LaNiO$$_3$$

3

thickness (n) using density functional theory including a Hubbard-type effective on-site Coulomb term. We successfully capture and explain the metal-insulator transition and interfacial magnetic properties, such as magnetic alignments and induced Ni magnetic moments which were recently observed experimentally in nickelate-based heterostructures. In the superlattices modeled in our study, an insulating state is found for n=1 and a metallic character for n=2, 4, with major contribution from Ni and Mn 3d states. The insulating character originates from the disorder effect induced by sudden environment change for the octahedra at the interface, and associated to localized electronic states; on the other hand, for larger n, less localized interfacial states and increased polarity of the LaNiO$$_3$$

3

layers contribute to metallicity. We discuss how the interplay between double and super-exchange interaction via complex structural and charge redistributions results in interfacial magnetism. While (LaNiO$$_3$$

3

)$$_n$$

n

/(CaMnO$$_3$$

3

)$$_m$$

m

superlattices are chosen as prototype and for their experimental feasibility, our approach is generally applicable to understand the intricate roles of interfacial states and exchange mechanism between magnetic ions towards the overall response of a magnetic interface or superlattice.
Enhancing on/off ratio of a dielectric-loaded plasmonic logic gate with an amplitude modulator
Authors: Chang Kai-Hao , Lin Zhan-Hong , Lee Po-Tsung , Huang Jer-Shing
Published: March 2023

Plasmonic waveguides allow focusing, guiding, and manipulating light at the nanoscale and promise the miniaturization of functional optical nanocircuits. Dielectric-loaded plasmonic (DLP) waveguides and logic gates have drawn attention because of their relatively low loss, easy fabrication, and good compatibility with gain and active tunable materials. However, the rather low on/off ratio of DLP logic gates remains the main challenge. Here, we introduce an amplitude modulator and theoretically demonstrate an enhanced on/off ratio of a DLP logic gate for XNOR operation. Multimode interference (MMI) in DLP waveguide is precisely calculated for the design of the logic gate. Multiplexing and power splitting at arbitrary multimode numbers have been theoretically analyzed with respect to the size of the amplitude modulator. An enhanced on/off ratio of 11.26 dB has been achieved. The proposed amplitude modulator can also be used to optimize the performance of other logic gates or MMI-based plasmonic functional devices.
Water-sulfur-rich, oxidised adakite magmas are likely porphyry copper progenitors
Authors: Leong Timothy S. J. , Mavrogenes John A. , Arculus Richard J.
Published: March 2023

The world’s largest current Cu resource is volcanic arc-hosted, porphyry copper deposits. Whether unusual parental magmas or fortuitous combinations of processes accompanying emplacement of common parental arc magmas (e.g., basalt) is required for ore deposit formation, remains unclear. Spatial and tectonic associations of adakite (andesite with high La/Yb, Sr/Y) with porphyries exist, but genetic links are debated. Delayed saturation with Cu-bearing sulfides consequent to elevated redox state seems essential for late-stage exsolution of Cu-bearing hydrothermal fluids. Partial melting of igneous layers of subducted, hydrothermally altered oceanic crust in the eclogite stability field are invoked to account for andesitic compositions, residual garnet signatures, and the putative oxidised character of adakites. Alternative petrogeneses include partial melting of lower crustal, garnet-bearing sources and extensive intra-crustal amphibole fractionation. Here we demonstrate mineral-hosted, adakite glass (formerly melt) inclusions in lavas erupted subaqueously in the New Hebrides arc are oxidised relative to island arc (and mid-ocean ridge) basalts, are H2O-S-Cl-rich, and moderately enriched in Cu. Polynomial fitting of chondrite-normalised, rare earth element abundance patterns shows the precursors of these erupted adakites were unequivocally derived from partial melting of subducted slab, and represent optimal porphyry copper progenitors.
Transcriptomics of CD29+/CD44+ cells isolated from hPSC retinal organoids reveals a single cell population with retinal progenitor and Müller glia characteristics
Authors: Eastlake Karen , Luis Joshua , Wang Weixin , Lamb William , Khaw Peng T. , Limb G. Astrid
Published: March 2023

Müller glia play very important and diverse roles in retinal homeostasis and disease. Although much is known of the physiological and morphological properties of mammalian Müller glia, there is still the need to further understand the profile of these cells during human retinal development. Using human embryonic stem cell-derived retinal organoids, we investigated the transcriptomic profiles of CD29+/CD44+ cells isolated from early and late stages of organoid development. Data showed that these cells express classic markers of retinal progenitors and Müller glia, including NFIX, RAX, PAX6, VSX2, HES1, WNT2B, SOX, NR2F1/2, ASCL1 and VIM, as early as days 10–20 after initiation of retinal differentiation. Expression of genes upregulated in CD29+/CD44+ cells isolated at later stages of organoid development (days 50–90), including NEUROG1, VSX2 and ASCL1 were gradually increased as retinal organoid maturation progressed. Based on the current observations that CD24+/CD44+ cells share the characteristics of early and late-stage retinal progenitors as well as of mature Müller glia, we propose that these cells constitute a single cell population that upon exposure to developmental cues regulates its gene expression to adapt to functions exerted by Müller glia in the postnatal and mature retina.
Iron response elements (IREs)-mRNA of Alzheimer's amyloid precursor protein binding to iron regulatory protein (IRP1): a combined molecular docking and spectroscopic approach
Authors: Khan Mateen A. , Mohammad Taj , Malik Ajamaluddin , Hassan Md. Imtaiyaz , Domashevskiy Artem V.
Published: March 2023

The interaction between the stem-loop structure of the Alzheimer's amyloid precursor protein IRE mRNA and iron regulatory protein was examined by employing molecular docking and multi-spectroscopic techniques. A detailed molecular docking analysis of APP IRE mRNA∙IRP1 reveals that 11 residues are involved in hydrogen bonding as the main driving force for the interaction. Fluorescence binding results revealed a strong interaction between APP IRE mRNA and IRP1 with a binding affinity and an average binding sites of 31.3 × 106 M−1 and 1.0, respectively. Addition of Fe2+(anaerobic) showed a decreased (3.3-fold) binding affinity of APP mRNA∙IRP1. Further, thermodynamic parameters of APP mRNA∙IRP1 interactions were an enthalpy-driven and entropy-favored event, with a large negative ΔH (–25.7 ± 2.5 kJ/mol) and a positive ΔS (65.0 ± 3.7 J/mol·K). A negative ΔH value for the complex formation suggested the contribution of hydrogen bonds and van der Waals forces. The addition of iron increased the enthalpic contribution by 38% and decreased the entropic influence by 97%. Furthermore, the stopped-flow kinetics of APP IRE mRNA∙IRP1 also confirmed the complex formation, having the rate of association (kon) and the rate of dissociation (koff) as 341 μM−1 s−1, and 11 s−1, respectively. The addition of Fe2+ has decreased the rate of association (kon) by ~ three-fold, whereas the rate of dissociation (koff) has increased by ~ two-fold. The activation energy for APP mRNA∙IRP1 complex was 52.5 ± 2.1 kJ/mol. The addition of Fe2+ changed appreciably the activation energy for the binding of APP mRNA with IRP1. Moreover, circular dichroism spectroscopy has confirmed further the APP mRNA∙IRP1 complex formation and IRP1 secondary structure change with the addition of APP mRNA. In the interaction between APP mRNA and IRP1, iron promotes structural changes in the APP IRE mRNA∙IRP1 complexes by changing the number of hydrogen bonds and promoting a conformational change in the IRP1 structure when it is bound to the APP IRE mRNA. It further illustrates how IRE stem-loop structure influences selectively the thermodynamics and kinetics of these protein-RNA interactions.
Serum cold-inducible RNA-binding protein levels as a potential biomarker for systemic sclerosis-associated interstitial lung disease
Authors: Omori Issei , Sumida Hayakazu , Sugimori Ayaka , Sakakibara Moe , Urano-Takaoka Mariko , Iwasawa Okuto , Saito Hinako , Matsuno Ai , Sato Shinichi
Published: March 2023

Systemic sclerosis (SSc) is a complex autoimmune disease characterized by fibrotic, inflammatory, and vascular dysfunction. Danger-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs)-mediated inflammasome activation has been reported to be involved in the pathogenesis of SSc. Cold-inducible RNA-binding protein (CIRP) is newly identified as a DAMP. Here we examined the clinical significance of serum levels of CIRP in 60 patients with SSc and 20 healthy control patients (HCs) using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Serum CIRP levels in diffuse cutaneous SSc (dcSSc) patients were significantly increased compared with limited cutaneous SSc (lcSSc) patients or HCs. When examining the relationship with SSc-specific parameters, serum CIRP levels with the presence of interstitial lung disease (ILD) were higher than those without ILD. In detail, serum CIRP levels correlated negatively with the percent predicted diffusing capacity for carbon monoxide and positively with levels of Krebs von den Lungen-6. In addition, elevated serum CIRP levels declined along with decreased SSc-ILD activity in patients who received immunosuppressive therapy. These results suggest that CIRP may play a role in the development of ILD in SSc. Moreover, CIRP could serve as a useful serological marker of SSc-ILD in terms of disease activity and therapeutic effects.
Prospecting movements link phenotypic traits to female annual potential fitness in a nocturnal predator
Authors: Becciu Paolo , Séchaud Robin , Schalcher Kim , Plancherel Céline , Roulin Alexandre
Published: March 2023

Recent biologging technology reveals hidden life and breeding strategies of nocturnal animals. Combining animal movement patterns with individual characteristics and landscape features can uncover meaningful behaviours that directly influence fitness. Consequently, defining the proximate mechanisms and adaptive value of the identified behaviours is of paramount importance. Breeding female barn owls (Tyto alba), a colour-polymorphic species, recurrently visit other nest boxes at night. We described and quantified this behaviour for the first time, linking it with possible drivers, and individual fitness. We GPS-equipped 178 female barn owls and 122 male partners from 2016 to 2020 in western Switzerland during the chick rearing phase. We observed that 111 (65%) of the tracked breeding females were (re)visiting nest boxes while still carrying out their first brood. We modelled their prospecting parameters as a function of brood-, individual- and partner-related variables and found that female feather eumelanism predicted the emergence of prospecting behaviour (less melanic females are usually prospecting). More importantly we found that increasing male parental investment (e.g., feeding rate) increased female prospecting efforts. Ultimately, females would (re)visit a nest more often if they had used it in the past and were more likely to lay a second clutch afterwards, consequently having higher annual fecundity than non-prospecting females. Despite these apparent immediate benefits, they did not fledge more chicks. Through biologging and long-term field monitoring, we highlight how phenotypic traits (melanism and parental investment) can be related to movement patterns and the annual potential reproductive output (fecundity) of female barn owls.
Key factors for connecting silver-based icosahedral superatoms by vertex sharing
Authors: Miyajima Sayuri , Hossain Sakiat , Ikeda Ayaka , Kosaka Taiga , Kawawaki Tokuhisa , Niihori Yoshiki , Iwasa Takeshi , Taketsugu Tetsuya , Negishi Yuichi
Published: March 2023

Metal nanoclusters composed of noble elements such as gold (Au) or silver (Ag) are regarded as superatoms. In recent years, the understanding of the materials composed of superatoms, which are often called superatomic molecules, has gradually progressed for Au-based materials. However, there is still little information on Ag-based superatomic molecules. In the present study, we synthesise two di-superatomic molecules with Ag as the main constituent element and reveal the three essential conditions for the formation and isolation of a superatomic molecule comprising two Ag13−xMx structures (M = Ag or other metal; x = number of M) connected by vertex sharing. The effects of the central atom and the type of bridging halogen on the electronic structure of the resulting superatomic molecule are also clarified in detail. These findings are expected to provide clear design guidelines for the creation of superatomic molecules with various properties and functions.
Tea-derived carbon dots with two ratiometric fluorescence channels for the independent detection of Hg2+ and H2O
Authors: Ding Chuanlu , Xing Hao , Guo Xuhong , Yuan Huihui , Li Cuihua , Zhang Xiulan , Jia Xin
Published: March 2023

Ratiometric fluorescence carbon dots (CDs) that serve as probes have attracted more attention on account of their unique optical properties, low toxicity, anti-interference, and internal reference.
Environmental and economic potential of decentralised electrocatalytic ammonia synthesis powered by solar energy
Authors: D’Angelo Sebastiano C. , Martín Antonio J. , Cobo Selene , Ordóñez Diego Freire , Guillén-Gosálbez Gonzalo , Pérez-Ramírez Javier
Published: March 2023

A planetary boundary analysis of decentralised electrocatalytic ammonia synthesis powered by solar energy reveals its potential and provides regional performance figures of merit. Conditions for economic viability are discussed.
Influence and effect mechanism of filler type on the physicochemical properties, microbial numbers, and digestibility of ovalbumin emulsion gels during storage
Authors: Li Ruiling , Wu Na , Xue Hui , Gao Binghong , Liu Huilan , Han Tianfeng , Hu Xiaobo , Tu Yonggang , Zhao Yan
Published: March 2023

Emulsion gels containing active filler facilitated the retention of the gel properties during storage, whereas emulsion gels containing inactive filler exacerbated the loss of the gel properties during storage.
Fluoride-regulated colorimetric and fluorometric switch through B–F dynamic covalent reactions of AIEgens
Authors: Zhu Yuqing , Ping Xinni , Wang Xiangting , Cai Xuting , Zuo Jiaqi , Qian Zhaosheng , Feng Hui
Published: March 2023

A rational design strategy was proposed by introducing borate units into AIE-active molecular skeletons to achieve fluoride-regulated colorimetric and fluorometric switch based on B–F dynamic covalent reactions.
Analysis of impacts of exogenous pollutant bisphenol-A penetration on soybeans roots and their biological growth
Authors: Kim Eujung , Song Minjung , Ramu Adam Gopal , Choi Dongjin
Published: March 2023

Bisphenol A (BPA), a synthetic chemical used in polycarbonate plastic and epoxy resin production, is an endocrine disruptor. It interferes with hormonal functioning to cause adverse effects on reproduction, growth, and development in aquatic and terrestrial organisms.
Diversity of viscoelastic properties of an engineered muscle-inspired protein hydrogel
Authors: Aufderhorst-Roberts Anders , Cussons Sophie , Brockwell David J. , Dougan Lorna
Published: March 2023

Through a multi-modal rheology approach, we show that muscle-inspired hydrogels exhibit a surprising diversity of viscoelastic response from power-law rheology at low strains to stiffening and energy dissipation at high strains.
Transformation of the shape and shrinking the size of acid-resistant metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) for use as the vehicle of oral proteins
Authors: Yang Li , Guo Jun , Wang Liwen , Tang Sicheng , Wang Ai-fang , Zheng Shengwu , Guo Zhiyong , Zan Xingjie
Published: March 2023

The oral delivery of protein-based drugs is of great significance, but faces various obstacles, including the deactivation of proteins by the low stomach pH, the high concentration of protease and poor transport through intestinal bio-barriers.
Reversion of catalyst valence states for highly efficient water oxidation
Authors: Huang Xiaolei , Wang Fenghe , Ma Lipo , Wang Jiawei , Zhang Tianyi , Hao Xiaoyu , Chi Xiao , Cheng Hao , Yang Ming , Ding Jun , Ang Diing Shenp
Published: March 2023

An intermittent electrocatalytic mode for the oxygen evolution reaction (OER) inspired by the finding of room-temperature thermal reduction, and it reduces the OER overpotential significantly due to a reversible valence-change mechanism.
Theoretical studies on the mechanism of molybdenum-catalysed deoxydehydration of diols
Authors: Verdicchio Federico , Galindo Agustín
Published: March 2023

The deoxydehydration of vicinal diols, using a phosphane as a reductant and catalysed by Mo-complexes, follows a mechanism in which an oxygen atom transfer of the Mo complex to the phosphane occurs before diol activation, according to DFT studies.
Substitution lability of the perfluorinated Cp* ligand in Rh(i) complexes
Authors: Parche Joshua , Rupf Susanne M. , Sievers Robin , Malischewski Moritz
Published: March 2023

Fluorinated pyridines can displace the anionic [C5(CF3)5]− ligand in [Rh(COD)(C5(CF3)5)], however the reaction is reversible in weakly coordinating solvents as CHCl3.
Effective detection of Ag+, Hg2+ and dye adsorption properties studies of Ln-MOFs based on a benzimidazole carboxylic acid ligand
Authors: Cao Qing-Wei , Yue Tian-Cai , Dong Qing-Wei , Ma Qi-Chao , Xie Ze-Bei , Wang Duo-Zhi , Wang Lu-Lu
Published: March 2023

Novel Ln-MOFs exhibited outstanding adsorption performance to Congo red, and one Ln-MOF can be considered as a promising multifunctional fluorescent sensor with good reusability and high sensitivity for Ag+ and Hg2+ ions.
Sn(iv)-porphyrinoids for photodynamic anticancer and antimicrobial chemotherapy
Authors: Babu Balaji , Mack John , Nyokong Tebello
Published: March 2023

Research on recently reported Sn(iv) porphyrinoids, including corroles, chlorins and N-confused porphyrins, focusing primarily on their photodynamic therapy (PDT) and photodynamic antimicrobial chemotherapy (PACT) activity properties is reviewed.
Copper with an atomic-scale spacing for efficient electrocatalytic co-reduction of carbon dioxide and nitrate to urea
Authors: Shin Seokmin , Sultan Siraj , Chen Zong-Xian , Lee Hojeong , Choi Hansaem , Wi Tae-Ung , Park Changhyun , Kim Taewon , Lee Chanhee , Jeong Jihong , Shin Hyeju , Kim Tae-Hee , Ju Hyungkuk , Yoon Hyung Chul , Song Hyun-Kon , Lee Hyun-Wook , Cheng Mu-Jeng , Kwon Youngkook
Published: March 2023

This work presents that Cu with atomic-scale spacings (ds) efficiently catalyses the electrochemical co-reduction of CO2 and NO3− to urea. Specifically, Cu with ds near 6 Å (6 Å-Cu) produces urea with a high yield rate and partial current density.
Modulating intermolecular interactions by collaborative material design to realize THF-processed organic photovoltaic with 1.3 V open-circuit voltage
Authors: Dai Tingting , Tang Ailing , He Zehua , Du Mengzhen , Lei Peng , Zeng Qingdao , Wang Zongtao , Wang Yuheng , Lu Shirong , Zhong Yufei , Zhou Erjun
Published: March 2023

Achieving efficient exciton dissociation and high power conversion efficiency (PCE) becomes a great challenge when the open-circuit voltage (VOC) of organic photovoltaics (OPVs) reaches an upper limit value of 1.3 V or higher.
Selected pharmaceutical analysis in a wastewater treatment plant during COVID-19 infection waves in South Africa
Authors: Inarmal Nikitha , Moodley Brenda
Published: March 2023

Concentrations of pharmaceuticals (sulfamethoxazole, sulfamethoxazole hydroxylamine, prednisolone and ivermectin) showed good correlation with the number of COVID-19 infections in South Africa.
Dietary berberine supplementation improves growth performance and alleviates gut injury in weaned piglets by modulating ileal microbiota and metabolites
Authors: Zhu Cui , Le Meifang , He Zhentao , Bai Yinshan , Yang Jun , Ye Jinling , Chen Zhuang , Jiang Zongyong
Published: March 2023

The protective effects of berberine in alleviating ETEC-induced diarrhea and gut injury in piglets may be associated with the modulation of ileal microbiota and metabolites.
First-principles investigation of a type-II BP/Sc2CF2 van der Waals heterostructure for photovoltaic solar cells
Authors: Khang Nguyen Dang , Nguyen Cuong Q. , Duc Le M. , Nguyen Chuong V.
Published: March 2023

We have constructed a BP/Sc2CF2 heterostructure and explored its electronic properties and band alignment, as well as the effects of applying an electric field and modifying the interlayer coupling, using first-principles prediction.
Photocatalytic synthesis of azaheterocycle-fused piperidines and pyrrolidinesviatandem difunctionalization of unactivated alkenes
Authors: Zhou Qun-Huai , Dai Jia-Ying , Zhao Wen-Jing , Zhong Xi-Ya , Liu Chun-Yang , Luo Wei-Wei , Li Zhi-Wei , Li Jiang-Sheng , Liu Wei-Dong
Published: March 2023

A variety of azaheterocycle-fused piperidines and pyrrolidines bearing CF3and CHF2groups were obtained through a tandem difunctionalization of pendent unactivated alkenes by irradiation with visible light.
From oximes to tertiary alcohols in water, at room temperature and under air: a hybrid one-pot tandem assembly of enzymatic deoximation and RLi/RMgX reagents
Authors: Arnodo Davide , Ramos-Martín Marina , Cicco Luciana , Capriati Vito , Ríos-Lombardía Nicolás , González-Sabín Javier , Presa Soto Alejandro , García-Álvarez Joaquín
Published: March 2023

The design of a hybrid one-pot tandem protocol through the combination of biodeoximations (promoted by laccase from Trametes versicolor) and s-block polar organometallics (RLi/RMgX) in aqueous media, at room temperature and under air is reported.
One-pot preparation of polypeptide nanogels in aqueous solutionviaring-opening polymerization-induced nano-gelation
Authors: Huang Sai Xi , Wang Zi Hao , Lin Min , Fu Xiao Hui , Sun Jing
Published: March 2023

In this work, polypeptide nanogels were prepared by an innovative strategy of ring-opening polymerization induced nano-gelation using α-amino-poly(ethylene oxide) (mPEG-NH2) as a macroinitiator in an aqueous solution.
Advances and strategies of electrolyte regulation in Zn-ion batteries
Authors: Gao Shasha , Zhang Zhang , Mao Feifei , Liu Penggao , Zhou Zhen
Published: March 2023

This review covers progress on electrolytes for ZIBs, including aqueous, organic, gel, and all-solid-state electrolytes. The impact of electrolytes on electrodes and charge storage mechanisms are explored, along with strategies for improvement.
Chirally and chemically reversible Strecker reaction
Authors: Machida Yutaro , Tanaka Yudai , Masuda Yuya , Kimura Aya , Kawasaki Tsuneomi
Published: March 2023

An asymmetric Strecker reaction of a chiral crystal of achiral imine was realized to give aminonitrile with >99% ee thanks to an amplification of ee. A retro-Strecker reaction proceeded with the stereoinversion of a chiral crystal of achiral imine.
Colorimetric determination of perfluorocarboxylic acids using porphyrin hosts and mobile phone photographs
Authors: Taylor Chloe M. , Breadmore Michael C. , Kilah Nathan L.
Published: March 2023

Functionalized porphyrin molecules were found to change color in the presence of perfluorocarboxylic acids (PFCAs). The porphyrin molecules allow for simple visual- and color space-based detection of PFCAs across a range of concentrations.
Preparation of Z-scheme 3D ZnO/Au/g-C3N4 heterostructures for the photoelectrochemical sensing of glutathione
Authors: Li Weixin , Wang Xinyang , Huang Jiaji , Zhao Min , Yang Jiao , Luo Fang , Qiu Bin , Wang Jian , Lin Zhenyu
Published: March 2023

The 3D structure provided abundant reaction sites. The Z-scheme has stronger redox ability and more efficient charge transfer. The AuNPs greatly reinforce vector electron transfer in the Z-scheme heterojunction.
Brownian dynamics simulations of telechelic polymer – latex suspensions under steady shear
Authors: Krishnamurthy Sriram , Parthasarathy Gopal , Larson Ronald G. , Mani Ethayaraja
Published: March 2023

Brownian dynamics simulations of shear flow of a colloidal suspension bridged by telechelic polymers with “sticky” end groups.
A recrystallization approach to repairing spent LiFePO4 black mass
Authors: Wang Zhongheng , Xu Hui , Liu Zhiruo , Jin Mingzhe , Deng Linghao , Li Sa , Huang Yunhui
Published: March 2023

A green and energy-efficient strategy to recrystallize industrial spent LiFePO4 into a functional material that is comparable with commercial new LiFePO4.
Activated nanolithia as an effective prelithiation additive for lithium-ion batteries
Authors: Zhang Jingxi , Chen Xi , Shao Gang , Wang Hailong , Dong Yanhao , Wang Chang-An
Published: March 2023

Mechanically activated nanolithia can be fully decomposed during the first charge half-cycle and offers a high prelithiation capacity up to 1200 mA h g−1 at 4.3 V (vs. Li+/Li) upper cutoff voltage.
Oil-paper-umbrella-inspired passive radiative cooling using recycled packaging foam
Authors: Liu Yang , Liu Xiaojie , Chen Fangqi , Tian Yanpei , Caratenuto Andrew , Zheng Yi
Published: March 2023

The self-cleaning and self-cooling oil-foam composite inspired by traditional Chinese oil-paper umbrellas offers a cost-effective and eco-friendly candidate for building cooling applications and provides a value-added path for plastics recycling.
Review of the progress of solar-driven interfacial water evaporation (SIWE) toward a practical approach
Authors: Srishti  , Sinhamahapatra Apurba , Kumar Aditya
Published: March 2023

Solar-driven interfacial water evaporation (SIWE) is a multipurpose practical, effective approach based on the photothermal effect to steam generation, desalination, wastewater treatment, salt production, and power generation leading to sustainability.
A dual‐modal graph attention interaction network for person Re‐identification
Authors: Wang Wen , An Gaoyun , Ruan Qiuqi
Published: March 2023

Person Re‐identification (Re‐ID) is a task of matching target pedestrians under cross‐camera surveillance. Learning discriminative feature representations is the main issue for person Re‐ID. A few recent methods introduce text descriptions as auxiliary information to enhance feature representations, as it offers richer semantic information and perspective consistency. However, these works usually process text and images separately, which leads to the absence of cross‐modal interactions. In this article, a Dual‐modal Graph Attention Interaction Network (Dual‐GAIN) is proposed to integrate visual features and textual features into a heterogeneous graph to model the relationship between them, simultaneously. The proposed Dual‐GAIN mainly consists of two components: a dual‐stream feature extractor and a Graph Attention Interaction Network (GAIN). Specifically, the two‐stream feature extractor is utilised to extract visual features and textual features respectively. Then, visual local features and textual features are treated as nodes to construct a multi‐modal graph. Cosine similarity constrained attention weights are introduced in GAIN, which is designed for cross‐modal interaction and feature fusion on this heterogeneous multi‐modal graph. Experiments on public large‐scale datasets, that is, Market‐1501, CUHK03 labelled, and CUHK03 detected, demonstrate our method achieves the state‐of‐the‐art performance.
Quantitative characteristics of the striking distance to wind turbine blades based on an improved stochastic lightning model
Authors: Bian Xiaoyan , Wu Yong , Zhou Qibin , Jiang Ruijiao , Zhang Yao , Chen Lyuwen , Qi Qi , Lyu Weitao
Published: March 2023

The damage of wind turbines suffered from lightning strikes has been a key issue for the safe and reliable operation of wind farms. Accurate determination of the annual lightning flash number to a wind turbine is essential for designing proper lightning protection measures. The interaction of downward and multiple upward leaders (MULs) is studied in this paper, which also considers the stochastic nature and branched behaviour of the lightning attachment phenomenon. Firstly, with an improved stochastic lightning model, the relationship among the striking distance, the height of wind turbines and the return stroke current is established. Moreover, a modified method for predicting the annual lightning flash number strikes to a wind turbine is proposed. The simulation results show that the striking distance and the collection area not only depend on the return stroke current, but also on the height and blade angle. Besides, the comparations between the calculation results and field statistics indicate that the conventional electric geometry model is not satisfied with the need of lightning protection for wind turbines. Note that there is only a difference of 4% between the modified method and the observation value. These quantitative researches provide the guidance of calculation results for the optimization of the blade lightning protection system (LPS) design.
Suppression to concurrent commutation failure of UHVDC with hierarchical connection mode based on improved dc current prediction
Authors: Li Shenghu , Li Yikai
Published: March 2023

For the ultra high‐voltage dc (UHVDC) transmission with hierarchical connection mode (HCM) at the inverter side, local commutation failure (LCF) at one layer after the ac fault may cause concurrent commutation failure (CCF) at the non‐fault layer. The inter‐layer couplings at the ac and dc sides add the difficulty to suppress the CCF. The fault instant may decide the dc current variation during the commutation, which affects the suppression effect. This paper shows the mechanism of the CCF including the inter‐layer ac and dc coupling, and proposes a control method for the inverter at the fault and non‐fault layers. First, an analytical expression among the dc current, ac voltage, and extinction angle of both layers is newly derived to find the dominant factors to the CCF. Second, to improve the calculation accuracy, a three‐point sampling function using Newton interpolation is newly proposed to predict the dc current. Finally, a coordinated control strategy based on the constant extinction area, the overlap‐arc area, and the dominant factor of the CCF is proposed to adjust the firing angle and suppress the CCF. The simulation results using the PSCAD/EMTDC software are given to verify the control effect of the proposed method against the CCF.
QuDiet: A classical simulation platform for qubit‐qudit hybrid quantum systems
Authors: Chatterjee Turbasu , Das Arnav , Bala Subhayu Kumar , Saha Amit , Chattopadhyay Anupam , Chakrabarti Amlan
Published: March 2023

In recent years, numerous research advancements have extended the limit of classical simulation of quantum algorithms. Although, most of the state‐of‐the‐art classical simulators are only limited to binary quantum systems, which restrict the classical simulation of higher‐dimensional quantum computing systems. Through recent developments in higher‐dimensional quantum computing systems, it is realised that implementing qudits improves the overall performance of a quantum algorithm by increasing memory space and reducing the asymptotic complexity of a quantum circuit. Hence, in this article, QuDiet, a state‐of‐the‐art user‐friendly python‐based higher‐dimensional quantum computing simulator is introduced. QuDiet offers multi‐valued logic operations by utilising generalised quantum gates with an abstraction so that any naive user can simulate qudit systems with ease as compared to the existing ones. Various benchmark quantum circuits is simulated in QuDiet and show the considerable speedup in simulation time as compared to the other simulators without loss in precision. Finally, QuDiet provides a full qubit‐qudit hybrid quantum simulator package with quantum circuit templates of well‐known quantum algorithms for fast prototyping and simulation. Comprehensive simulation up to 20 qutrits circuit on depth 80 on QuDiet was successfully achieved. The complete code and packages of QuDiet is available at https://github.com/LegacYFTw/QuDiet.
Optimal design of phase‐locked loop with frequency‐adaptive prefilter based on the accurate small‐signal model
Authors: Xia Yihui , Lei Jiaxing , Zhou Haoran , Guan Qingxin
Published: March 2023

Frequency‐adaptive prefilters are widely used in the phase‐locked loop (PLL) to suppress input disturbances. However, the parameters of the PLL and prefilters are often designed separately or based on an inaccurate model. The positive feedback effect introduced by the frequency adaption (FA) is usually ignored, leading to non‐optimal performance. Based on the accurate small‐signal model with a particular focus on the FA, this paper proposes an optimal design method for these advanced PLLs. The PLL based on dual second‐order generalized integrator (DSOGI) is taken as an example to demonstrate the principle. With different gain margins, the optimal damping factors of DSOGI and PLL, as well as the natural frequency of PLL, are obtained using the proposed method. Then the global optimal parameters are obtained by evaluating the settling time and overshoot. The analysis shows that the truly optimal parameters are quite different with those provided in the literature, and the dynamic performance is significantly enhanced without degrading the steady‐state performance. Experimental results are presented to verify the theoretical analysis.
Direction finding by sparse‐based approach for dual‐polarised conformal array in the presence of gain and phase uncertainties
Authors: Liu Chao , Zhang Lei , Qian Junjie , Zhang Xiaoyuan
Published: March 2023

This article investigates the problem of robust direction‐of‐arrival (DOA) estimation with unknown sensor gain and phase uncertainties. A Dual‐Polarised Regularised Multiple FOCal Underdetermined System Solver is proposed to estimate the 2‐D DOA for the dual‐polarised conformal array. Each polarisation signal is decomposed into two orthogonal components, which are regarded as a pair of coherent signals, and the polarisation parameters are merged into the signal waveform. A sparse‐based method based on the coherent signals block is presented, implementing weight sharing and grid pruning within the block to alleviate the negative influence of the errors. Meanwhile, gain and phase errors are modelled as the equivalent noise, which can be suppressed with the adaptive adjustment for the regularisation parameter. As the insensitivity of the sparse‐based algorithm to coherent signals, the proposed algorithm can realise the blind polarisation 2‐D DOA estimation. The Cramer–Rao bound is derived, and simulations exhibit the effectiveness and robustness of the proposed method with the unknown sensor gain and phase uncertainties.
An equivalent model‐based asynchronous dispatch method for clusters of flexible distributed energy resources
Authors: Wang Wei , Liu Chunxiao , Su Yinsheng , Wang Siyuan , Li Bao , Ma Qian , Wu Wenchuan
Published: March 2023

With the increasing number of flexible distributed energy resources, it is difficult for the distribution network to control various devices directly. Therefore, managing and dispatching the resources in a cluster way is required. This article proposes an equivalent model‐based asynchronous dispatch framework, which is composed of three layers, the distribution network, clusters, and distributed energy resources. With this framework, economic dispatch is carried out with the equivalent models of clusters, simplifying the dispatch problem of the distribution network. The numerical test results show that the proposed method can significantly reduce the calculation time and maintain high accuracy in the economic dispatch problem.
Case Report: Congenital tuberculosis in a premature infant requiring extracorporeal membrane oxygenation
Authors: Quach Hugh K. , Scott Briana L. , Lopez-Domowicz Denise A. , Gambino Rachel M. , Evans Amy E. , Ozment Caroline P.
Published: March 2023

Congenital tuberculosis is a rare infectious disease with less than 500 cases documented worldwide. Mortality is significant, ranging from 34 to 53%, and death without treatment is inevitable. Patients exhibit nonspecific symptoms such as fever, cough, respiratory distress, feeding intolerance, and irritability which can make appropriate diagnosis challenging in Peng et al. (2011) Pediatr Pulmonol 46(12), 1215–1224. Tuberculosis prevalence is particularly high in developing countries where access to resources can be limited in World Health Organization (2019) Global tuberculosis report 2019, Geneva. We present a 2.4-kg premature male infant with acute respiratory distress syndrome secondary to congenital tuberculosis caused byMycobacterium bovisand tuberculosis-immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome who was successfully supported with veno-arterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation.
Strong stationary times for finite Heisenberg walks
Authors: Miclo Laurent
Published: March 2023

The random mapping construction of strong stationary times is applied here to finite Heisenberg random walks over ℤM, for odd M ⩾ 3. When they correspond to 3 × 3 matrices, the strong stationary times are of order M6, estimate which can be improved to M4 if we are only interested in the convergence to equilibrium of the last column. Simulations by Chhaibi suggest that the proposed strong stationary time is of the right M2 order. These results are extended to N × N matrices, with N ⩾ 3. All the obtained bounds are thought to be non-optimal, nevertheless this original approach is promising, as it relates the investigation of the previously elusive strong stationary times of such random walks to new absorbing Markov chains with a statistical physics flavor and whose quantitative study is to be pushed further. In addition, for N = 3, a strong equilibrium time is proposed in the same spirit for the non-Markovian coordinate in the upper right corner. This result would extend to separation discrepancy the corresponding fast convergence for this coordinate in total variation and open a new method for the investigation of this phenomenon in higher dimension.
Security optimization method of high-power charging pile inter-group communication network under trusted taboo particle swarm optimization
Authors: Wang Yigang , Zhao Jianfeng
Published: March 2023

In order to ensure the normal operation of the communication network in the event of a small number of charging pile failures, it is necessary to establish a stable communication network between the charging pile groups. In this case, it is necessary to improve the stability and viability of the communication network between the pile groups. Based on this, this paper proposes a security optimization method for high-power inter pile communication networks under trusted tabu particle swarm optimization. Using 6LoWPAN technology to optimize the wireless communication network architecture of charging piles to reduce the probability of communication network paralysis; design a neighborhood end-to-end communication strategy, and conduct research on lightweight key management of charging piles by building a three-tier architecture for the communication environment of charging piles. The trusted taboo particle swarm optimization algorithm optimizes the security of the communication network between high-power charging piles to ensure the security of the communication network. The experimental results show that after the optimization of the proposed method, the stability and invulnerability of the communication network between the charging pile groups have been effectively improved, and the method has a high convergence speed.
Analyse der Anwendung der intraoperativen photodynamischen Diagnostik beim Harnblasenkarzinom
Authors: Albarghouth Mohamad Hatem , Hamza Amir
Published: March 2023

Hintergrund Die photodynamische Diagnostik (PDD) findet weit verbreitet Anwendung zur Diagnostik und Therapie der oberflächlichen Harnblasenkarzinome. Wir untersuchten diese Methode hinsichtlich ihres Effekts auf die Rezidiv-Rate, Residualtumor-Rate und das progressionsfreie Überleben.

Material und Methoden Es handelt sich um eine retrospektive Studie mit einem Kollektiv von 98 Patienten, die im Zeitraum von 10/2014 bis 02/2018 wegen eines primären Harnblasentumors entweder per WL-TURB (Weißlichttransurethrale Resektion des Harnblasentumors) (49 Patienten) oder BL-TURB (Blaulicht-transurethrale Resektion des Harnblasentumors) mit PDD (49 Patienten) operiert wurden. Die Patienten wurden bis Ende des ersten Beobachtungsjahres auf das Auftreten von Tumorrezidiven geprüft. Weiterhin wurden das 3-Monats- sowie 1-Jahres-rezidivfreie-Überleben sowie das 1 Jahres-progressionsfreie Überleben unter der neuen Definition der Progression nach EORTC-Risikoklassifizierung von Sylvester 2006 bestimmt. Zudem wurde die Residualtumor-Rate bei der Nachresektion dargestellt.

Ergebnisse Es konnten folgende Ergebnisse unabhängig vom Alter, Geschlecht und histologischen Befund dargestellt werden.: Residualtumor: Blaulicht-Gruppe 13,95% vs. Weißlicht-Gruppe 32,6%, (p 0,02, OR 3,8, CI 95% [1,17–12,85]); 3-Monats-rezidivfreies-Überleben: Blaulicht-Gruppe 87,7% vs. Weißlicht-Gruppe 67,4% (p 0,02, HR 3,18, CI 95% [1,20–8,42]); 1-Jahres-rezidivfreies-Überleben: Blaulicht-Gruppe 77,6% vs. Weißlicht-Gruppe 55,1% (p 0,015.HR 2,56, CI 95% [1,20–5,45]); 1-Jahres-progressionfreies-Überleben: Blaulicht-Gruppe 95,9% vs. Weißlicht-Gruppe 79,6%, p 0,03.HR 5,23, CI 95% [1,11–24,53]).

Schlussfolgerung Bei der Verwendung von Hexaminolevulinat im Vergleich mit der Weißlichtzystoskopie wird das Risiko für Residualtumoren signifikant gesenkt. Das 3- sowie 12-Monats-rezidivfreie Überleben, insbesondere bei Tumoren mit niedrigem- sowie mittlerem Risiko und das 1-Jahres-progressionsfreie-Überleben, insbesondere bei den Hoch-Risiko-Tumoren, werden signifikant verlängert.
Principle and Mechanism of Double Eyelid Formation
Authors: Cho Inchang
Published: March 2023

Some of Asian eyelids have double fold and some do not. Many people tend to prefer double eyelid in aesthetic and functional reasons. Since the mechanism of double eyelid is bonding the eyelid skin to the eye-opening tissue, the principle of double eyelid surgery is also connecting the eyelid skin to levator component. Double eyelids are differentiated by their shape according to the height and curvature. The double eyelid surgery procedure is divided into incision method and nonincision method. And the incision method is subdivided into double fold line design, skin and oculi muscle incision or excision, pretarsal or preaponeurotic soft tissue excision, fixation of posterior lamella to anterior lamella, and skin suture. The nonincision method is to connect the posterior lamella and the anterior lamella as a thread only without an incision. A successful double eyelid surgery creates a fold well-balanced in height, curvature, and depth of the fold based on patient's preference. In this article, the author's own methods of performing surgery are described, with a step-by-step guide and surgical tips.
Human Bites Over Nose: Management and Reconstruction
Authors: Singh Kuldeep , Aggarwal Krittika
Published: March 2023

Background Human bite wounds in emergency department need evaluation in regard of reconstruction. These are due to occlusive bite injuries over face. Most commonly, human bites over face involve ear and nose, and may lead to avulsion injury. Defects over nose can be reconstructed immediately after debridement or delayed till the wound heals and scar becomes supple. Thorough wash and lavage with broad- spectrum antibiotic cover has utmost importance in preventing cartilage infection.

Methods We report 20 cases of human bite injuries over nose who presented to us in emergency department between 2018 and 2020. At the time of presentation the wound was assessed for closure. If not possible, patient was planned for delayed reconstruction after 3 months. In case delayed reconstruction was planned, the skin and nasal mucosa were approximated at first presentation. The patients underwent paramedian forehead flap after recreation of defect with conchal cartilage graft. Second stage of flap detachment and insetting was done after 3 weeks. After three weeks of second stage, third stage of flap thinning was done. Patients were followed for 3-6 months and subjective satisfaction was noted.

Results Nineteen patients underwent delayed staged reconstruction with paramedian forehead flap and one underwent primary wound closure. The flap survival was 100%. The patient satisfaction was excellent in most cases.

Conclusion We recommend delayed reconstruction for human bite nasal injuries. For reconstruction, paramedian forehead flap with conchal cartilage graft, if required, provides excellent reconstructive option with good contour and color match and minimal donor site scar.
Orthognathic Surgery as Class III Skeletal Treatment in a 31-Year-Old Female with Mandible Prognathism: A Case Report
Authors: Sadputranto Seto Adiantoro , Setiawan Arlette Suzy , Maskoen Ani Melani , Laviana Avi , Sjamsudin Endang
Published: March 2023

Mandible prognathism or malocclusion skeletal class III is facial deformities. These deformities can affect orofacial function, such as mastication, speech, and function of the temporomandibular joint. Besides the physical effects of these deformities, the psychosocial impact on the individual is often essential, and such deformities can affect the quality of life and self-confidence. Orthognathic surgery is designed to correct these deformities because these deformities could not have been corrected by only orthodontic treatment. Therefore, at Hasan Sadikin General Hospital, orthognathic surgery is the treatment choice for mandibular prognathism or malocclusion skeletal class III. In this case report, we present a 31-year-old female with mandibular prognathism, difficulty in closing her mouth and anterior open bite. Surgery was performed by Le Fort 1 osteotomy for advancing maxilla and bilateral sagittal split osteotomy for setback mandible. Two weeks after surgery, patient came back to the orthodontic department for occlusion treatment.