bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Leveraging Innovation Capability and Organizational Resilience for Business Sustainability Among Small and Medium Enterprises: A PLS-SEM Approach
Authors: Olaleye Banji Rildwan , Lekunze Joseph Nembo , Sekhampu Tsediso Joseph , Khumalo Ntseliseng , Ayeni Adebanji Adejuwon William
Published: October 2024

The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of innovation capability on business sustainability in Nigerian small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs), as well as consider the effects of organizational resilience, sustainable competitive advantage, and environmental dynamism as mediators in succession. A quantitative approach was adopted to collect data from 401 employees in SMEs in the Lagos Metropolitan Area of Nigeria. We conducted the analysis of the collected data using the partial least squares approach (PLS-SEM). This research establishes that innovation capabilities are beneficial for ensuring business sustainability. The findings further corroborate the importance of sustainable competitive advantage and environmental dynamism for business sustainability. Finally, the results show that environmental dynamism is important for helping small business owners sustain their businesses and increase their innovation capabilities. Similarly, the indirect paths also showed that resilience organizations, like SMEs, play a role in the paradigm. However, businesses can benefit from this study’s findings by crafting strategies that adapt more quickly to changing market dynamics and capitalize on emerging possibilities. This way, businesses may take the necessary measures to stay ahead of the competition while guaranteeing sustainability. Even though the heuristic model emphasizes originality, the current research on how to successfully link innovative capacity to sustainability and build sustainability in dynamic environments is sparse.
Enhancing Sustainable Development Competence in Undergraduates: Key Determinants in the Context of “Dual-Carbon” Targets
Authors: Qi Shuyu , Jiang Penglong , Zhou Mi
Published: October 2024

Sustainable development is vital for achieving balanced progress across the economic, environmental, and health domains, and it is closely tied to the global drive for addressing climate change and environmental challenges. In this context, reaching the “Dual-Carbon” targets—carbon peaking and carbon neutrality—have become critical priorities both domestically and internationally. As a result, the cultivation of Dual-Carbon professionals is essential for driving sustainable development. This paper investigates the sustainable development capacity of Dual-Carbon professionals through an empirical study of 613 undergraduates in China utilizing Astin’s I-E-O theoretical model. This research examines the impact of course experience, self-efficacy, and learning engagement on sustainable development capacity. The results demonstrate that the course experience has a significant positive direct effect on sustainable development capacity. Moreover, self-efficacy mediates the relationship between the course experience and sustainable development capacity, while both self-efficacy and learning engagement serve as chain mediators. Based on these findings, this paper offers practical strategies to enhance the sustainable development capacity of Dual-Carbon undergraduates, providing valuable insights for the education and training of future Dual-Carbon professionals.
Cosmological Inhomogeneities, Primordial Black Holes, and a Hypothesis on the Death of the Universe
Authors: Anselmi Damiano
Published: October 2024

We study the impact of the expansion of the universe on a broad class of objects, including black holes, neutron stars, white dwarfs, and others. Using metrics that incorporate primordial inhomogeneities, the effects of a hypothetical “center of the universe” on inflation are calculated. Dynamic coordinates for black holes that account for expansions or contractions with arbitrary rates are provided. We consider the possibility that the universe may be bound to evolve into an ultimate state of “total dilution”, wherein stable particles are so widely separated that physical communication among them will be impossible for eternity. This is also a scenario of “cosmic virtuality”, as no wave-function collapse would occur again. We provide classical models evolving this way, based on the Majumdar–Papapetrou geometries. More realistic configurations, instead, indicate that gravitational forces locally counteract expansion, except in the universe’s early stages. We comment on whether quantum phenomena may dictate that total dilution is indeed the cosmos’ ultimate destiny.
A Framework for Detecting Pulmonary Diseases from Lung Sound Signals Using a Hybrid Multi-Task Autoencoder-SVM Model
Authors: Orkweha Khwanjit , Phapatanaburi Khomdet , Pathonsuwan Wongsathon , Jumphoo Talit , Rattanasak Atcharawan , Anchuen Patikorn , Pinthurat Watcharakorn , Uthansakul Monthippa , Uthansakul Peerapong
Published: October 2024

Research focuses on the efficacy of Multi-Task Autoencoder (MTAE) models in signal classification due to their ability to handle many tasks while improving feature extraction. However, researchers have not thoroughly investigated the study of lung sounds (LSs) for pulmonary disease detection. This paper introduces a new framework that utilizes an MTAE model to detect lung diseases based on LS signals. The model integrates an autoencoder and a supervised classifier, simultaneously optimizing both classification accuracy and signal reconstruction. Furthermore, we propose a hybrid approach that combines an MTAE and a Support Vector Machine (MTAE-SVM) to enhance performance. We evaluated our model using LS signals from a publicly available database from King Abdullah University Hospital. The model attained an accuracy of 89.47% for four classes (normal, pneumonia, asthma, and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease) and 90.22% for three classes (normal, pneumonia, and asthma cases). Using the MTAE-SVM, the accuracy was further improved to 91.49% for four classes and 93.08% for three classes, respectively. The results indicate that the MTAE and MTAE-SVM have a considerable potential for detecting pulmonary diseases from lung sound signals. This could aid in the creation of more user-friendly and effective diagnostic tools.
Non-Negative Matrix Factorization with Averaged Kurtosis and Manifold Constraints for Blind Hyperspectral Unmixing
Authors: Song Chunli , Lu Linzhang , Zeng Chengbin
Published: October 2024

The Nonnegative Matrix Factorization (NMF) algorithm and its variants have gained widespread popularity across various domains, including neural networks, text clustering, image processing, and signal analysis. In the context of hyperspectral unmixing (HU), an important task involving the accurate extraction of endmembers from mixed spectra, researchers have been actively exploring different regularization techniques within the traditional NMF framework. These techniques aim to improve the precision and reliability of the endmember extraction process in HU. In this study, we propose a novel HU algorithm called KMBNMF, which introduces an average kurtosis regularization term based on endmember spectra to enhance endmember extraction, additionally, it integrates a manifold regularization term into the average kurtosis-constrained NMF by constructing a symmetric weight matrix. This combination of these two regularization techniques not only optimizes the extraction process of independent endmembers but also improves the part-based representation capability of hyperspectral data. Experimental results obtained from simulated and real-world hyperspectral datasets demonstrate the competitive performance of the proposed KMBNMF algorithm when compared to state-of-the-art algorithms.
The Attachment of Juvenile Mussels via Byssus Weakened by Contaminated Polyethylene Fibers
Authors: Ma Wei , Wei Xuelian , Zeng Fenglian , Li Ming , Wang Ping , Ye Yingying , Li Jiji
Published: October 2024

In the process of mussel farming, the rope for attachment is indispensable, as it provides a stable attachment environment for mussel seedlings, directly affecting their survival rate and growth quality. The objective of this study is to examine the contamination of ropes, composed of polyethylene fibers, by heavy metals and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) after three years of deployment and to assess its influence on the attachment and locomotion behaviors of juvenile mussels. Utilizing a laboratory simulation of the seedling wrapping process, a comparative analysis was conducted to evaluate the number of juvenile mussels attached and their movement distances when exposed to contaminated old ropes versus uncontaminated new ropes. The findings indicated that the old ropes markedly diminished the attachment rate of juvenile mussels and heightened their movement distances. In particular, juvenile mussels utilizing old ropes exhibited a final attachment rate of 15.0% and an average movement distance of 0.86 cm, whereas those using new ropes achieved a final attachment rate of 96.7% with an average movement distance of 0.26 cm. Further inspection found that heavy metals and PAHs were present in the old rope, among which the concentrations of Zn (17.127 μg/g) and Pb (22.905 μg/g) in heavy metals were high, and the concentrations of Phe (5.53 μg/kg), Fla (6.35 μg/kg), and Pyr (5.17 μg/kg) in PAHs exceeded the detection limits, which were the main source of pollution. This research underscores the potential risk that heavy metal and PAHs contamination pose to the health of juvenile mussels and the profitability of aquaculture, emphasizing the critical need for the regular replacement of clean ropes.
The Dual Role of Natural Organic Matter in the Degradation of Organic Pollutants by Persulfate-Based Advanced Oxidation Processes: A Mini-Review
Authors: Luo Dan , Lin Hansen , Li Xingzhen , Wang Yu , Ye Long , Mai Yuebang , Wu Peihao , Ni Zhuobiao , Lin Qingqi , Qiu Rongliang
Published: October 2024

Persulfate-based advanced oxidation processes (PS-AOPs) are widely used to degrade significant amounts of organic pollutants (OPs) in water and soil matrices. The effectiveness of these processes is influenced by the presence of natural organic matter (NOM), which is ubiquitous in the environment. However, the mechanisms by which NOM affects the degradation of OPs in PS-AOPs remain poorly documented. This review systematically summarizes the dual effects of NOM in PS-AOPs, including inhibitory and promotional effects. It encompasses the entire process, detailing the interaction between PS and its activators, the fate of reactive oxygen species (ROS), and the transformation of OPs within PS-AOPs. Specifically, the inhibiting mechanisms include the prevention of PS activation, suppression of ROS fate, and conversion of intermediates to their parent compounds. In contrast, the promoting effects involve the enhancement of catalytic effectiveness, contributions to ROS generation, and improved interactions between NOM and OPs. Finally, further studies are required to elucidate the reaction mechanisms of NOM in PS-AOPs and explore the practical applications of PS-AOPs using actual NOM rather than model compounds.
The Variation of G and Λ in Cosmology
Authors: Beesham Aroonkumar
Published: October 2024

The idea of varying constants of nature is very old, and has commanded a lot of attention since first mooted. The variation in the gravitational parameter G and cosmological parameter Λ is still an active area of research. Since the idea of a varying G was introduced by Dirac almost a century ago, there are even theories that have variable G such as the Brans–Dicke theory and the scale covariant theory. Both these theories also have a varying Λ in their full generalisations. A varying Λ was also introduced around the same time as that of varying G. It is interesting to note that a possible solution to the cosmological constant problem can be realised from a dynamic Λ. In this work, we focus on a varying Λ and G framework. In almost all studies in the simplest framework of variables Λ and G, it is found that one of them has to increase with time. However, observations and theoretical considerations indicate that both Λ and G should decrease with time. In this paper, we propose a solution to this problem, finding theories in which both Λ and G decrease with time.
Evaluation of Fecal Sample Pooling for Real-Time RT-PCR Testing SARS-CoV-2 in Animals
Authors: Leonardi-Cattolica Antonio , Kayastha Sandipty , Miller Megan , Guag Jake , Tkachenko Andriy , Lowe James , Allender Matthew , Terio Karen , Wang Leyi
Published: October 2024

During the COVID-19 pandemic, veterinary diagnostic laboratories tested both human and animal samples and needed to ensure that they could accurately perform large numbers of diagnostic tests in a timely manner. Sample pooling, a methodology used effectively for over 80 years as a surveillance tool for screening large numbers of potentially infected individuals, was employed. Given its sensitivity, real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) is more suitable for employing this strategy, as compared to other less sensitive testing methods. In this study, we evaluated the capability of detecting SARS-CoV-2 in both 5-sample and 10-sample pools of feces using real-time reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (rRT-PCR) as well as determined the level of sensitivity. A blinded method test (BMT) by an independent laboratory was conducted to assess the five-sample fecal pool. To complement detection capability, the stability of the genome within a PBS fecal suspension was measured under various time and temperature conditions across a 28-day period. Our results showed that the limit of detection for 5-sample and 10-sample fecal pools is 12.8 and 6.4 genome copies in a 25 µL PCR, respectively. The 5-sample and 10-sample pooling resulted in a cycle threshold (Ct) value loss of 2.35 and 3.45, as compared to Ct values of known positive individual samples, but consistent detection was still achieved in pools containing positive samples with an original Ct below 36 and 34, respectively. The simulation of clinical five-sample pooling showed that all positive samples could be detected regardless of the number (1–3) of positive samples in each pool. The BMT results demonstrated excellent sensitivity (100 copies/reaction) in five-sample pools for the detection of SARS-CoV-2 RNA even though a fecal matrix effect was observed. Finally, our results show that the SARS-CoV-2 genome remains stable over a wide range of time and temperature variations. Overall, our findings provide solid data to scale up SARS-CoV-2 testing capacity in veterinary diagnostic laboratories.
Enhanced Recovery and Detection of Highly Infectious Animal Disease Viruses by Virus Capture Using Nanotrap® Microbiome A Particles
Authors: Das Amaresh , Gutkoska Joseph , Tadassa Yadata , Jia Wei
Published: October 2024

This study reports the use of Nanotrap® Microbiome A Particles (NMAPs) to capture and concentrate viruses from diluted suspensions to improve their recovery and sensitivity to detection by real-time PCR/RT-PCR (qPCR/RT-qPCR). Five highly infectious animal disease viruses including goatpox virus (GTPV), sheeppox virus (SPPV), lumpy skin disease virus (LSDV), peste des petits ruminants virus (PPRV), and African swine fever virus (ASFV) were used in this study. After capture, the viruses remained viable and recoverable by virus isolation (VI) using susceptible cell lines. To assess efficacy of recovery, the viruses were serially diluted in phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) or Eagle’s Minimum Essential Medium (EMEM) and then subjected to virus capture using NMAPs. The NMAPs and the captured viruses were clarified on a magnetic stand, reconstituted in PBS or EMEM, and analyzed separately by VI and virus-specific qPCR/RT-qPCR. The PCR results showed up to a 100-fold increase in the sensitivity of detection of the viruses following virus capture compared to the untreated viruses from the same dilutions. Experimental and clinical samples were subjected to virus capture using NMAPs and analyzed by PCR to determine diagnostic sensitivity (DSe) that was comparable (100%) to that determined using untreated (-NMAPs) samples. NMAPs were also used to capture spiked viruses from EDTA whole blood (EWB). Virus capture from EWB was partially blocked, most likely by hemoglobin (HMB), which also binds NMAPs and outcompetes the viruses. The effect of HMB could be removed by either dilution (in PBS) or using HemogloBind™ (Biotech Support Group; Monmouth Junction, NJ, USA), which specifically binds and precipitates HMB. Enhanced recovery and detection of viruses using NMAPs can be applicable to other highly pathogenic animal viruses of agricultural importance.
Remote Sensing Evaluation of Trophic Status in the Daihai Lake Based on Fuzzy Classification
Authors: Wang Fang , Qing Song , Sa Chula , Lai Quan , Chang An
Published: October 2024

Trophic state index (TSI) is a critical ecological and environmental issue in water resource management that has garnered significant attention. Given the complexity of optical characteristics in aquatic environments, this study employs fuzzy classification methods (FCM) and composite nutrient status indices to meticulously classify in-situ remote sensing reflectance data, aiming to develop evaluation models for different nutrient status categories to facilitate the assessment of the Daihai River in Inner Mongolia, China. Subsequently, we applied this model to MSI data to analyze the nutrient status of Daihai Lake from 2016 to 2021. Furthermore, a structural equation model (SEM) was utilized to explore the primary driving factors influencing nutrient status. The results indicated that the water bodies in Daihai Lake can be broadly classified into three categories, with the nutrient status models demonstrating robust performance for each category (R2 = 0.80, R2 = 0.83, and R2 = 0.74). Comparisons were made between nutrient status accuracies obtained through the NCM and FCM based on measured data, yielding R2 values of 0.74 and 0.85, respectively. Furthermore, the TSI results derived from MSI inversion were validated, with NCM achieving an R2 of 0.49, RMSE of 6.88, and MAPE of 10.36%, while FCM exhibited an R2 of 0.55, RMSE of 8.89, and MAPE of 13.18%. An SEM–based analysis revealed that over the long term, human activities exerted a more substantial impact on eutrophication in Daihai Lake, while climatic factors played an accelerating and reinforcing role. These results are consistent with prior research in the Daihai area, indicating a state of mild eutrophication and the potential of the fuzzy classification method and comprehensive trophic status index method in eutrophication assessment.
Trophic Structure of Fish Community in Artificial Reef Ecosystem Based on Body Mass Using Stable Isotope
Authors: Gao Shike , Xie Bin , He Yufeng , Zhang Shuo , Li Yunkai , Lu Jikun , Fu Guanghui
Published: October 2024

Artificial reefs are widely recognized for their role in improving the ecological environment and creating protected habitats for marine organisms, ultimately enhancing biodiversity within the food web and fisheries resources. This study utilizes stable isotopes to analyze fish samples ranging from 3.4 to 1067 g in body mass, collected within the artificial reef area of Haizhou Bay. The objective is to determine if the δ15N-based fish body mass acts as a driving factor in shaping the food web structure. The results showed a certain level of overlap among all trophic guilds, suggesting that most trophic guilds within this region share similar living environments and feeding habits. The multiple linear regression showed a slight increasing trend between δ15N values and body mass. Furthermore, the predator–prey mass ratio (PPMR) was calculated to be 430:1 based on the δ15N–body mass relationship. This implies that larger reef fish within this artificial reef ecosystem tend to have higher δ15N values compared to smaller fish, indicating a shorter food chain in this ecosystem. In summary, this analysis provides valuable insights into the fish community structure within artificial reef ecosystems. Therefore, it is recommended that future studies focus on further characterizing the fish community structure using body mass information.
Characteristics of Nitrogen Removal from an Integrated Fixed-Film Activated Sludge (IFAS) System and the Relationship Between Activated Sludge and Biofilm Interactions
Authors: Tuo Zishuo , Bai Long , Zhang Baoping , Jing Shuangyi , Li Chenxi , Tang Shike
Published: October 2024

In order to investigate the enhancement mechanism of modified three-dimensional elastic filler (MTEF) on the nitrogen removal performance of the integrated fixed-film activated sludge (IFAS) process, and to clarify the interactions between competition and synergy between activated sludge and biofilm in the IFAS system, an IFAS reactor (T2) filled with MTEF was employed for the study, while a sequencing batch reactor activated sludge process (SBR) reactor (T1) was utilized for comparison. IFAS and SBR reactors were operated over an extended period at ambient temperature to assess the enhancement of pollutant removal performance with the addition of the filler to investigate the competitive dynamics between activated sludge and biofilm under varying influent water qualities (C/N, N/P, and organic loading), and to analyze the synergistic relationship between activated sludge and biofilm at the microbial level using high-throughput sequencing technology. The results demonstrate that throughout the entire operational phase, reactor T2 exhibited superior pollutant removal efficiency. Compared to reactor T1, reactor T2 achieved an average increase in the removal rates of COD, ammonia nitrogen, and total nitrogen by 13.07%, 12.26%, and 28.96%, respectively. The findings on the competitive dynamics between activated sludge and biofilm indicate that the nitrification volumetric load of the IFAS system is significantly higher than that of a pure activated sludge system, suggesting that the IFAS system possesses enhanced nitrification capabilities. Furthermore, when dealing with wastewater characterized by low C/N ratios and high phosphorus pollution, or under substantial organic loads, the biofilm holds a competitive edge and the IFAS system exhibits improved stability. High-throughput sequencing data reveal that the microbial community structures in activated sludge and biofilm can influence each other, thereby enabling the IFAS system to effectively enrich denitrification-related functional microbial populations. Additionally, the biofilm has a certain enhancing effect on the expression levels of nitrogen metabolism-related functional genes in the activated sludge phase microorganisms, indicating that, in addition to competitive interactions, there is also a synergistic effect between the biofilm and activated sludge.
Microfinance as a tool for sustainable development of small and medium-sized businesses in Kyrgyzstan
Authors: Sansyzbaeva G. , Tabyshova A.
Published: October 2024

The article explores the role of microfinance in the development of SMEs in Kyrgyzstan. The authors analyze the significance of this tool for the country's economy and offer practical recommendations for its use. The results of the study emphasize the importance of the potential of microfinance in the support and development of small and medium-sized businesses, contributing to the improvement of socio-economic indicators. At the same time, state support for the activities of SMEs, in particular ensuring access to financing, including microfinance, remains one of the most pressing problems of the Kyrgyz economy, requiring an integrated approach and careful attention from the authorities.
Inventory Optimization Using Data Science Technologies for Supply Chain 4.0
Authors: Bouazizi Emna , Khedr Ayman , Elfaioumy Sherin , Belal Mohamed
Published: October 2024

In the context of supply chain 4.0, Data Science (DS) can improve operations and inventory management by using statistical and machine learning techniques. Additionally, big data can reveal valuable insights for predictive and prescriptive analytics, which can aid in enhancing competitiveness in today’s business environment. Accurate demand forecasting in supply chain inventory is a fundamental step to improve inventory management, address ordering uncertainties, and minimize costs while meeting customer demands. This requires the efficient use of demand forecasting tools, assessing predictive data analysis techniques. Challenges can arise from inefficient ordering models, selecting accurate forecasting models, and considering issues like over-and underestimation leading to food waste and profit margin impacts, particularly for products with short shelf life. Other challenges include enhancing inventory optimization efficiency, adapting to dynamic demands, and formulating optimal inventory decisions. In this work, we introduce a supply chain 4.0 inventory management approach, where we combined DS techniques, predictive analytics, and big data approach to enhance inventory control. A prediction model is also introduced in order to forecast incoming and outgoing inventory. This model is based on a detailed dataset that takes into account the districts and seasons data. The model’s performance was evaluated based on performance measurements, such as Mean Squared Error (MSE), Mean Absolute Error (MAE), and Root Mean Squared Error (RMSE). Significantly, the results show that the random forest algorithm was the best in predicting OUT inventory quantities with an average error equal to 0.011, while the linear regression algorithm produced the best performance in predicting IN inventory quantities with an average error of 0.03
Empowering Ovarian Cancer Subtype Classification with Parallel Swin Transformers and WSI Imaging
Authors: ALkahla Lubna , Saeed Jwan , Hussein Maher
Published: October 2024

Ovarian cancer constitutes a notable proportion of cancer-related mortalities among women. The diagnostic classification of ovarian cancer subtypes has demonstrated complexity, characterized by limited concordance among pathologists. Vision Transformer (ViT) models have emerged as the predominant architecture in numerous computer vision applications, encompassing tasks such as image classification and cancer detection. Their success stems primarily from their capacity to integrate global contextual information through self-attention mechanisms during the learning process. However, the key issue with ViT is its compatibility with high-res images. Computation grows quadratically with image size, resulting in a large number of tokens and significant computational demands for self-attention. Swin Transformer (Swin-T) addresses this challenge by introducing two main concepts: hierarchical feature mapping and windowed attention transformation. This work presents a parallel implementation of Swin Transformers (Swin-Ts) that leverages the powerful feature extraction capabilities and aimed at classifying five subtypes within ovarian cancer utilizing Whole Slide Imaging (WSI) and it yielded average precision, recall, and F1-score metrics of 0.958, 0.964, and 0.96 correspondingly. The findings show that the proposed parallel Swin-Ts reduce the misclassification errors and improve medical image analysis robustness. Additionally, the suggested technique is promising for accurate and efficient ovarian carcinoma subtype categorization, with possible applicability to other cancers. Future research will integrate other data sources and validate the technique in various clinical contexts
Perfil e formação de policiais militares recém incluídos no 4.º comando Regional de Polícia Militar do Paraná - 4.º CRPM
Authors: Zainedin Leandro
Published: October 2024

A presente pesquisa analisou o perfil dos(as) policiais militares recém-ingressos no 4.º Comando Regional de Polícia Militar Do Paraná - 4.º CRPM, composta por 64 municípios e 5 Unidades Operacionais, com foco nos anos de 2022 e 2023. O objetivo foi refletir sobre a escassez de recursos humanos para o patrulhamento das ruas e a crescente demanda por profissionais qualificados em áreas administrativas e técnicas, como direito, tecnologia da informação e jornalismo. Foram aplicados questionários a 380 alunos do curso de formação de praças, revelando que 71,84% possuem ou estão cursando ensino superior, com o curso de Direito sendo o mais frequente. Além disso, 65 participantes possuem pós-graduação, e outros 65 possuem formação técnica, com destaque para informática e agropecuária. O estudo objetivou perceber a mudança normativa recente, que passou a exigir curso superior para ingresso na corporação, impactando o perfil dos(as) novos(as) policiais. A metodologia adotada partiu da premissa de uma abordagem quantitativa, com pesquisa exploratória e bibliográfica. O referencial teórico inclui Dessler (2017) e Chiavenato (2014), que fundamentam a alocação eficiente de pessoal e o impacto da qualificação no desempenho organizacional, além de Senge (1990), que aborda o aprendizado contínuo aplicado à formação policial. Na Sociologia do Trabalho, Hughes (1971) e Bourdieu (1989) ajudam a entender a transformação das profissões e o habitus dos novos policiais, influenciados por mudanças normativas. Na Política e Gestão de Segurança Pública, Soares (2019) e Grajales (2017) analisam os desafios enfrentados pelas corporações policiais brasileiras.
Dimensional Affective Speech Synthesis Based on Voice Conversion
Authors: Zhang Xin , Wan Yaobin , Wang Wei
Published: October 2024

Affective speech synthesis can promote more natural human–computer interaction. Previous studies in the field of speech synthesis have used feature conversion to achieve natural affective speech. However, they focused on the adjustment of prosodic features and typically used a discrete emotion model; few studies on affective speech synthesis reflect the dimensional emotions expressed in daily life. To address these issues, we introduce a 2-dimensional valence–arousal emotion model into a speech synthesis system and take inspiration from voice conversion to convert prosodic and spectral acoustic features to achieve dimensional emotional speech expression. First, the acoustic features corresponding to the input text are predicted by the front end of the speech synthesis system, or the acoustic features of the input speech are extracted by World, a vocoder-based speech synthesis tool that generates prosodic and spectral features simultaneously. Then, the acoustic features of different dimensions of affective speech are analyzed and the fundamental frequency parameters and spectral envelope parameters of the source speech are converted based on the average ratio of the acoustic features of the input speech and the affective dimensions of the target. Finally, the World vocoder is used to output the converted emotion feature parameters into audio waveforms, and emotional speech synthesis with different dimensional values is realized in the 2-dimensional valence–arousal space. Objective and subjective evaluation results show that the dimensional affective speech synthesized using this method can be perceived well, especially in the arousal dimension.
Single Phototrophic Bacterium-Mediated Iron Cycling in Aquatic Environments
Authors: Wang Kai-Li , Ma Xin , Li Dao-Bo , Qi Yan-Ling , Hua Zheng-Shuang , Tian Tian , Liu Dong-Feng , Min Di , Li Wen-Wei , Huang Gui-Xiang , Yu Han-Qing
Published: October 2024

Redox cycling of iron plays a pivotal role in both nutrient acquisition by living organisms and the geochemical cycling of elements in aquatic environments. In nature, iron cycling is mediated by microbial Fe(II)-oxidizers and Fe(III)-reducers or through the interplay of biotic and abiotic iron transformation processes. Here, we unveil a specific iron cycling process driven by one single phototrophic species,
Rhodobacter ferrooxidans
SW2. It exhibits the capability to reduce Fe(III) during bacterial cultivation. A
c
-type cytochrome is identified with Fe(III)-reducing activity, implying the linkage of Fe(III) reduction with the electron transport system.
R. ferrooxidans
SW2 can mediate iron redox transformation, depending on the availability of light and/or organic substrates. Iron cycling driven by anoxygenic photoferrotrophs is proposed to exist worldwide in modern and ancient environments. Our work not only enriches the theoretical basis of iron cycling in nature but also implies multiple roles of anoxygenic photoferrotrophs in iron transformation processes.
The Efficacy of Inclusive Education Practices in Zimbabwean Rural Schools: Challenges and Opportunities
Authors: Mangena Omega , Chidakwa Nowell
Published: October 2024

Purpose. The purpose of this research is to assess the extent of implementation and the efficiency of inclusive education practices at a selected secondary school in Zimbabwe.
Methodology. The study employed a qualitative research design; data was gathered through interviews, and observed responses, from 15 purposive-selected participating teachers, holding different teaching positions. Consequently, the study relied on social learning theory (SLT) to determine how the process of implementing and participatory education for all is in its local context.
Results. The results show that although Zimbabwe has robust national legislation that protects the rights of students with disabilities to access inclusive education, the process is plagued by poor physical facilities, lack of appropriate training for teachers, and social prejudice towards people with disabilities. Some of the implementation differences that stood out included the areas of students with disabilities, policy, resources, and teachers. Accordingly, the study concludes that unless teachers in Zimbabwean secondary schools begin to practice inclusive education in a more focused manner, it is unlikely that many of the disabled students will be empowered to participate fully.
Conclusions. Among the suggestions are improving physical and communication access to school buildings, and providing on-going staff training on integration, promoting cooperation among the various actors, and the development of sound assessment mechanisms. This study adds to the existing literature on the predictors of effective inclusive education in Zimbabwean secondary schools. It offers implications on how to foster the educational experiences of students with learning disabilities.
Bridging Experiential Learning and Spiritual Wisdom: Integrating Kolb’s Cycle with the Four Noble Truths of Buddhism
Authors: Marikar Faiz , Kodithuwakku Malake
Published: October 2024

Purpose. This study aims to explore the potential integration of Kolb's Experiential Learning Cycle with the Four Noble Truths of Buddhism to offer a comprehensive framework for personal growth and transformation.
Methodology. A qualitative analysis was conducted, drawing on existing literature on Kolb's learning theory and Buddhist philosophy. The study focused on identifying parallels and synergies between Kolb's four-stage learning cycle and the Four Noble Truths, elucidating how their integration could enhance understanding and application of spiritual principles in daily life.
Results. The analysis revealed significant alignment between Kolb's cycle and the Four Noble Truths. Reflective observation corresponds to the acknowledgment of suffering (First Noble Truth), the identification of its causes (Second Noble Truth). Abstract conceptualization mirrors the understanding of the cessation of suffering (Third Noble Truth) through wisdom and insight into the nature of existence. Active experimentation resonates with the Noble Eightfold Path (Fourth Noble Truth), emphasizing the practical application of ethical conduct, mental cultivation, and wisdom development to alleviate suffering.
The integration of Kolb's Experiential Learning Cycle with the Four Noble Truths offers a holistic approach to personal growth and transformation. By combining experiential learning with spiritual wisdom, individuals gain a deeper understanding of the causes of suffering and the path to liberation. This integrated framework provides a structured methodology for cultivating resilience, wisdom, and compassion in daily life, fostering holistic development and contributing to greater well-being and fulfillment.
Conclusion. Further research and practical application of this framework holds promise for enhancing individual and collective flourishing in diverse cultural and educational contexts.
Organizational Strategies for Providing Foreign Language Education Services to Adults Over 45: International Practices and Approaches
Authors: Rudnyeva Iryna
Published: October 2024

Organizing educational services for people over the age of 45 is essential for their personal development, economic participation, social inclusion, and mental well-being. International and local legislation supports these initiatives, aiming to provide equitable and inclusive educational opportunities for all ages and to use the benefits of these people being fruitfully involved in the economic and social life of a country.
The article aims to examine the strategies for providing educational services to adult learners (citizens over the age of 45) in different countries (European countries, the USA, Australia, China, Ukraine, Brazil, and Japan), with a focus on whether this process is integrated into social services and formal and informal education systems within the framework of the concept of lifelong learning.
The methods included literature review on databases such as Google Scholar, JSTOR, and ERIC; comparative analysis of educational policy documents; case studies and reports from different nations; meta-analysis; field observations; and others typical to the field of comparative education and general education. They were utilized to provide a comprehensive and well-rounded analysis of how different countries organize and implement foreign language education services for adults over the age of 45.
The findings reveal that the approaches to providing foreign language education for adults over 45 varies widely across different countries, reflecting each nation's unique historical traditions, cultural values, and current societal needs. This diversity in practice can be categorized into four main groups: services provided by social services; formal education systems; informal education systems; and self-organized services to present the prevailing approach to providing foreign language education for individuals over 45 in each country.
The study concludes that the provision of foreign language learning services for individuals over 45 varies significantly across countries, reflecting diverse historical traditions, cultural attitudes, and current needs. Whether through social services, formal education systems, informal educational channels, or self-organization, each country’s approach highlights the importance of adapting educational services to meet the needs of an adult population seeking continued personal and professional growth.
A New Combination in Euploca (Heliotropiaceae) from Cuba
Authors: Miranda de Melo José Iranildo
Published: October 2024

A new combination in Euploca Nutt. (Heliotropiaceae) is proposed in this work: E. reversifera (C. Wright ex Millsp.) J. I. M. Melo, based on Heliotropium reversiferum C. Wright ex Millsp., a neglected endemic species from Cuba.
A Conceptual Model for Understanding the Factors Influencing Student Retention in Higher Education Institutions Offering Foreign Degrees during Sri Lanka's Economic Crisis
Authors: Abeysooriya Deloosha Priyantha , Tham Jacquline , Khatibi Ali
Published: October 2024

In early 2020, Sri Lanka faced the COVID-19pandemic, which led to nationwide lockdowns. These lockdowns exacerbated an economic crisis, resulting in wide spread job losses across various sectors, including higher education. The higher education sector in Sri Lanka is divided primarily into state universities and private institutions offering foreign degrees. The government funds state universities, and education is typically free for students, while private institutions that offer foreign degrees charge tuition fees. During the economic crisis, authorities observed a significant increase in student dropouts from these private institutions. Additionally, many students considered discontinuing their studies after completing their current courses. Although administrators implemented several immediate measures to address this issue, many of these efforts were unsuccessful, as the underlying reasons for the dropouts were not thoroughly investigated. While some research has been conducted to understand student dropouts, few studies have focused on the factors influencing educational continuation in the context of an economic crisis.
Abordagens multifacetadas do ensino: investigações e experiências
Authors: Vasconcelos Carlos Alberto , Torres de Brito Silva Raquel
Published: October 2024

A coletânea intitulada "Abordagens Multifacetadas do Ensino: Investigações e Experiências" envolve a reunião e conexão de capítulos diversos, criteriosamente selecionados, para o fomento do conhecimento crítico socioeducativo no que tange as searas do Ensino, Currículo e da Docência, pilares primordiais para o fomento de uma educação com qualidade. A partir das abordagens ropostas, tanto no cenário pátrio quanto estrangeiro, estima-se que os leitores, dos diversos ramos do saber científico, possam aprimorar os seus estudos e pesquisas nos variados campos do saber. O processo de ensino e aprendizagem projeta abordagens e narrativas amplas, mostrando os desafios e as necessidades em torno de sua aplicação em sala de aula. As ciências contribuem, significativamente, para a formação do pensamento crítico dos alunos e sua interação com a sociedade à qual pertencem, considerando-se as pluralidades culturais em seus respectivos ambientes escolares. Almeja-se, portanto, abordar sobre as potencialidades atreladas ao campo educacional através dos temas desenvolvidos.
Vasyl Yakovych Danylevskyi's lecture on health and illness (1921): annotated translation
Authors: Biletska O.M. , Markovska O.V. , Shevchenko A.S. , Latohuz S.I. , Polonnik I.A. , Sushetska A.S. , Astapova Ia.V. , Hurbych O.S.
Published: October 2024

Academician Vasyl Yakovych Danylevskyi is a world-renowned scientist, doctor, biologist, writer, teacher, author of introductory lectures for students of the medical faculty, published in 1921 in the book "The Doctor, His Vocation and Education". The article presents the second, abbreviated and annotated, lecture of Danylevsky V.Ya., dedicated to understanding the human body's ability to resist diseases, recover losses, and replenish resources. The author describes the mechanisms of morphological and physiological balance, defines the formula of human happiness (as a combination of purity of soul, enlightenment of the mind and health of the body). The lecture provides answers to the questions of what health is and whether a healthy person needs a doctor; what is a disease, and can health be restored without resorting to medicine; what role does society and the environment play in the full life of a person. In the lecture, special attention was paid to the actions and inactions of the doctor in combating the disease. It is important to advise the doctor about the purposeful use of his energies, caution against wasting these energies on secondary things unrelated to treatment, prevention and self-improvement. The author emphasizes the important role of the doctor in establishing all aspects of people's lives: lifestyle, nutrition, work and rest, hygiene (housing, clothing, personal), choice of profession, education and upbringing. The disease is considered by the author from the unexpected perspective of the natural mechanism "to remove the disease-causing substance from a person in order to preserve his life". The capacity for recovery and self-repair is described for both physical and mental health. The meaning of recovery is not only getting rid of the disease and replenishing resources, but also the return of a person to social life. The work of doctor Danylevskyi V.Ya. compares with the art of the best one’s representatives of all eras. And he considers the use of drugs permissible only if there is evidence of their reliability. Lecture by Danylevskyi V.Ya. about health and disease demonstrates the author's deep understanding of issues that have become the basis of modern evidence-based medicine, bioethics and pedagogy.

Keywords: compensatory mechanisms, sanogenesis, history of medicine.
Application Of Swot Analysis To The Sustainability Of As-Syams Boutique Business In Makassar City
Authors: Najib Marhawati , Pratiwi Ihsan Anggi , Asmayanti Asmayanti
Published: October 2024

The development of fashion trends cannot be separated from increasingly trendy technology, so business actors are trying to utilize these technological developments as a means of ideas and innovation to create products that are appropriate to the times so that they can attract the attention of consumers and be able to compete in the market. Therefore, every business person is required to know the right strategy for introducing the products they produce. This research aims to find out the SWOT implementation strategy carried out by the As-Syams boutique business in Makassar City. This research is descriptive research using a qualitative approach. The informant was determined deliberately, namely the owner of the As-Syams boutique business. Data collection used in research includes observation, interviews, and documentation. The data obtained was analyzed using SWOT analysis. Based on the research results, show that the strategy implemented by the As-Syams boutique business is in quadrant one, namely Aggressive (growth-oriented strategy) or in a dynamic growth position or in a strength-opportunity strategy position (using strengths to take advantage of opportunities in decision-making). This shows that there is an opportunity to develop the As-Syams boutique business, apart from having strengths that are greater than its weaknesses, it also has opportunities that are greater than threats.
Venture Capital Investment and Growth of Small and Medium Enterprises (SMES) In Bayelsa State, Nigeria
Authors: Ihenyen PhD Confidence Joel , Pouzigha Youpele Allison
Published: October 2024

The paper explored the impact of venture funding on the growth of Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) in Bayelsa State, Nigeria. Specifically, it investigates the effects of different venture capital financing methods, the cost of venture capital, and venture capital management support on sales growth within the SME sector. Using a survey research design, data was collected from 300 registered SMEs in Bayelsa State. Primary data was gathered through questionnaire instruments and analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics. The findings, revealed through regression analysis, indicate that capital financing positively affects SMEs' sales growth, while the cost of capital also exerts a positive influence on sales growth. However, management support exhibits a negative effect on sales growth within SMEs. These results underscore the significance of venture capital financing mechanisms in fostering the growth of SMEs in Bayelsa State, Nigeria, while also highlighting potential areas for improvement in venture capital management practices to better support SME development.
Audit Committee Characteristics and Financial Reporting Quality of Consumer Good Firms in Nigeria
Authors: OGIRIKI (PhD) Tonye , EHIOGU Kelvin Eberechukwu
Published: October 2024

The paper examined the impact of audit committee features on the reporting quality of consumer goods firms in Nigeria. The paper used an ex post facto design. Data were gathered from the audited annual reports of the target firms. By employing the Hausman test, the study used a fixed and random effect model. The F-statistic of 2.238984, p-value = 0.023456 < 0.05 alpha, suggests that audit team meetings, size and financial knowledge jointly have a substantial implication on the calibre of financial reporting. In light of the foregoing, the study suggested among others that firms should maintain an optimal size that balances efficiency with diverse expertise that is neither too small nor too large for thorough financial oversight.