bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Comparative transcriptome analysis reveals significant differences in gene expression between pathogens of apple Glomerella leaf spot and apple bitter rot
Authors: Jiang Bowen , Cai Ting , Yang Xiaoying , Dai Yuya , Yu Kaixuan , Zhang Pingping , Li Pingliang , Wang Caixia , Liu Na , Li Baohua , Lian Sen
Published: August 2021

Background: Apple Glomerella leaf spot (GLS) and apple bitter rot (ABR) are two devastating foliar and fruit diseases on apple. The different symptoms of GLS and ABR could be related to different transcriptome patterns. Thus, the objectives of this study were to compare the transcriptome profiles of Colletotrichum gloeosporioides, the common pathogen of GLS and ABR, and to evaluate the genes involvement on pathogenicity.Results: A relatively large difference was discovered between the GLS- and ABR-isolate, and quite a number of differential expression genes associated with pathogenicity were revealed. The DEGs between the GLS- and ABR-isolate were significantly enriched in GO terms of secondary metabolites, however the categories of degradation of various cell wall components did not. A number of genes associate with secondary metabolism were revealed. A total of 17 Cytochrome P450s (CYP), 11 of which were up-regulated while six were down-regulated, and five up-regulated methyltransferase genes were discovered. The genes associated with secretion of extracellular enzymes and melanin accumulation were up-regulated. Four genes associated with degradation of host cell wall, three genes involved in degradation of cellulose, and one gene involved in degradation of xylan were revealed and all up-regulated. In addition, genes involved in melanin synthesis, such as tyrosinase and glucosyltransferase, were highly up-regulated.Conclusions: The penetration ability, pathogenicity of GLS-isolate was greater than that ABR-isolate, which might be indicate that GLS-isolate originated from ABR-isolates by mutation. These results contributed to highlight the importance to investigate such DEGs between GLS- and ABR-isolate in depth.
Study on formation mechanism of granite eluvium landslide by field rainfall simulation
Authors: Feng Wenkai , Hu Rui , Bai Huilin , Wu Yiying , Dai Hongchuan
Published: August 2021

Granite residual soil is a kind of special soil, which is easy to induce geological disasters under the condition of heavy rainfall. Taking the mass landslides in Beiling area, Longchuan County, Guangdong Province as the background, the formation mechanism of typical landslides was explored by means of physical simulation, and the following conclusions were obtained: ① the influencing factors of landslides were rainfall intensity, physical and mechanical properties of rock and soil mass, slope structure; ② Rainfall does not cause the abnormal increase or decrease of soil pressure and pore water pressure in the slope, indicating that the failure of the slope is limited to the local failure of the slope surface and the slope toe, and there is no overall deformation and failure trend; ③ On the surface of the slope, the slope is eroded by rainfall, and on the foot of the slope, the free surface collapses and undergoes erosion. On the whole, the slope shows the characteristics of "step by step retreat and damage in turn"; ④ The evolutionary process of landslide can be divided into the following four stages: original slope evolution stage, soil particle migration stage, slope surface local failure stage and overall instability stage.
Prediction of Iranian EFL Teachers' Burnout Level Using Machine Learning Algorithms and Maslach Burnout Inventory
Authors: Dizaj Shima Baniadam , Dizaj Shahla Baniadam
Published: August 2021

Burnout is that the result of extreme work-related stress and it's categorized by emotional, psychological, and physical exhaustion. we will count it as a modern epidemic within the teaching profession likewise as different professions. The measures that may have an effect on a lecturer and can cause burnout are categorized as Depersonalization, Emotional Exhaustion, Personal Accomplishment. though articles on educator burnout vary in their approach, they incline to specialize in the causes of burnout, the way to assess the signs of burnout, methods to stop burnout, and/or next steps for directors and teachers. The main issue that has been incomprehensible is the prediction of obtaining burned out. Through prediction, we will cut back the prices of the burnout impact on teachers, students, schools, and society and stop its consequences like depression, coronary failure, or perhaps suicide. Our objective is to research and predict the burnout level in English as a far-off Language (EFL) teacher. we are going to use Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI) to gather a dataset and live the 3 subscales of teacher burnout: emotional exhaustion, depersonalization, and reduced personal accomplishment. when analyzing the collected dataset that consisted of 1433 teachers’ data, 9 machine learning classification algorithms by implementing exploitation python programing language is applied and accuracy is employed as a performance parameter.
Anti-hyperglyceamic Effects of Psidium guajava LINN Crude Leaf Extracts and Fractions in Alloxan- induced Diabetic Mice.
Authors: Nwabunwanne Eze Uchenna , Anayaochukwu Eze Anthonius , Victor Ugwu Chukwuebuka , Maxwell Onuoha , Mary Ubenyi Stanley
Published: August 2021

In Nigeria, rural inhabitants often resort to herbal remedies and dietary control for the treatment and management of various forms of diabetes mellitus. This study was conducted to provide the rationale for the use of Psidium guajava leaves as a potent traditional antidiabetic remedy. The crude leaf extracts of n-hexane, methanol, and ethyl acetate of Psidium guajava were separately prepared by cold maceration. Then, the ethyl acetate crude extract of Psidium guajava leaves was fractionated by column chromatography to yield ethyl acetate bulked fractions: EF-I (1–75), EF-II (76–150), and EF- III (151–250). The n-hexane, ethyl acetate, and methanol crude leaf extracts and ethyl acetate bulked fractions (EF-I, EF-II, and EF-III) were evaluated for antidiabetic activity in alloxan-induced diabetic mice. The blood sugar levels of treated and untreated alloxan-induced diabetic mice were assayed as indices of antidiabetic effect. The phytochemical constituents of both crude extracts and ethyl acetate fractions of Psidium guajava leaves and the mean lethal dose (LD50) of ethyl acetate crude leaf extract of Psidium guajava were determined. The mean lethal dose (LD50) of ethyl acetate crude leaf extract was calculated to be 1500mg/kg b.w. The results indicated that oral administration of ethyl acetate, n-hexane, methanol crude extract, and ethyl acetate bulked fractions of Psidium guajava leaves at a dose of 100mg/kg b.w on treated groups exhibited much significant[p < 0.001, p < 0.01and p < 0.05]anti- hyperglyceamic effect by ameliorating high blood sugar levels of alloxan-induced diabetic treated mice, while EF-II and EF-III showed non-significant[p > 0.05] anti-hyperglyceamic activity for the reduction in blood sugar levels compared with the negative and positive control groups. The anti- diabetic potency of the crude leaf extracts and ethyl acetate fractions were in the order; EC > HC > MC > EF-I > EF-II > EF-III. The results of phytochemical screening of the crude extracts and ethyl acetate bulked fractions showed the presence of tannins, flavonoids, saponins, alkaloids, terpenoids, glycosides, and steroids while reducing sugar was absent. The results from this study give credence to the use of Psidium guajava as an antidiabetic agent in the management of diabetes mellitus.
Microwave and RF non-integral order Hilbert transforms using a 49GHz FSR integrated optical micro-comb source
Authors: tan mengxi , xu xingyuan , Moss David
Published: August 2021

We report a photonic microwave and RF fractional Hilbert transformer based on an integrated Kerr micro-comb source. The micro-comb source has a free spectral range (FSR) of 50GHz, generating a large number of comb lines that serve as a high-performance multi-wavelength source for the transformer. By programming and shaping the comb lines according to calculated tap weights, we achieve both arbitrary fractional orders and a broad operation bandwidth. We experimentally characterize the RF amplitude and phase response for different fractional orders and perform system demonstrations of real-time fractional Hilbert transforms. We achieve a phase ripple of < 0.15 rad within the 3-dB pass-band, with bandwidths ranging from 5 to 9 octaves, depending on the order. The experimental results show good agreement with theory, confirming the effectiveness of our approach as a new way to implement high-performance fractional Hilbert transformers with broad processing bandwidth, high reconfigurability, and greatly reduced size and complexity.
The return of chloroquine-sensitive Plasmodium falciparum parasites in Jazan Region, Southwestern Saudi Arabia over a decade after the adoption of artemisinin-based combination therapy: analysis of genetic mutations in the pfcrt gene
Authors: Madkhali Aymen M. , Abdulhaq Ahmed A. , Atroosh Wahib M. , Ghzwani Ahmad Hassn , Zain Khalid Ammash , Ghailan Khalid Y. , Hamali Hassan A. , Mobarki Abdullah A. , Eisa Zaki M. , Lau Yee-Ling , Al-Mekhlafi Hesham M.
Published: August 2021

This study investigated the polymorphism in the P. falciparum chloroquine resistance transporter (pfcrt) gene 11 years after chloroquine (CQ) cessation in Jazan region, southwestern Saudi Arabia. Two hundred and thirty-five P. falciparum isolates were amplified to detect mutations in the pfcrt gene. The pfcrt 76T molecular marker for CQ resistance was detected in 66.4% (156/235) of the isolates, while the K76 CQ-sensitive wild type was detected in 33.6%. The pfcrt 74I and pfcrt 75E point mutations were each found to be present in 56.2% of isolates, while only four isolates (1.7%) were found to carry the pfcrt 72S mutation. Moreover, four pfcrt haplotypes were identified: the CVIET triple-allele (56.2%), SVMET double-allele (1.7%), and CVMNT single-allele (8.5%) mutant haplotypes, and the CVMNK wild haplotype (33.6%). The analysis also revealed significant associations between the prevalence of mutant pfcrt alleles and haplotypes and the age group, governorate, and nationality of the patients as well as the parasitaemia level (P < 0.05). The findings provide evidence of the potential re-emergence of CQ-susceptible P. falciparum strains in Jazan region over a decade after CQ discontinuation, with about one third of the isolates analysed carrying the pfcrt K76 CQ-sensitive wild allele and the CVMNK ancestral wild haplotype. Although the reintroduction of CQ cannot be recommended at present in Saudi Arabia, these findings support the rationale for a potential future role for CQ in malaria treatment. Therefore, continuous molecular and in-vitro monitoring mutations of pfcrt polymorphism in Jazan region is highly recommended.
Knowledge and Practice of Menstrual Hygiene Management Among High School Girls and the Impact on Education in the Sunyani West Municipal, Ghana
Authors: ADJEI-AMOAFO Kwame
Published: August 2021

IntroductionMost female adolescents in Ghana enter puberty unprepared and the information they receive is often selective and surrounded by many taboos and other restrictions. This study therefore seeks to assess the knowledge high school girls have concerning menstruation, how they practise menstrual hygiene and the impact menstrual hygiene management has on education.MethodsA cross-sectional survey was carried out in conveniently selected JHS and SHS in the Sunyani West Municipality between March 19 and April 30, 2018 using self-administered questionnaires to elicit information on demographic features, knowledge, practices and challenges of menstruation and its management. A chi-square analysis was used to determine the association between a number of outcomes and explanatory variables. ResultsA total of 306 students participated in the study with a response rate of 87.4%. The mean age at menarche was 13.09±1.24 years. From the study, 83.01% (254) were knowledgeable on MHM. Knowledge of MHM was significantly associated with ethnicity (p-value 0.028). Almost all the participants 95.10% (291) used disposable sanitary material. From the study, 66.67% (204) had good practice of MHM. Practice of MHM was associated with religion (p value 0.037). The study revealed 27.45% (84) had ever absented themselves from school during menstrual period and majority of them 86.27% (264) were distracted about blood staining their dress during teaching. ConclusionThe study group had high knowledge of MHM and a greater percentage observed good menstrual hygiene management. However, their knowledge of MHM does not necessarily translate into good practice of MHM.
Molecular profile reveals immune-associated markers of medulloblastoma for different subtypes
Authors: Li Shenglan , Kang Zhuang , Chen Jinyi , Wang Can , Cai Zehao , Pan Leixin , Chen Feng , lishenglan  , liwenbin
Published: August 2021

Medulloblastoma is a common intracranial tumor among children. In recent years, research on cancer genome has established four distinct subtypes of medulloblastoma: WNT, SHH, Group3, and Group4. Each subtype has its own transcriptional profile, methylation changes, and different clinical outcomes. Treatment and prognosis also vary depending on the subtype. Based on the methylation data of medulloblastoma samples, methylCIBERSORT was used to evaluate the level of immune cell infiltration in medulloblastoma samples and identified 10 kinds of immune cells with different subtypes. Combined with the immune database, 293 Imm-DEGs were screened. Imm-DEGs were used to construct the co-expression network, and the key modules related to the level of differential immune cell infiltration were identified. Three immune hub genes (GAB1, ABL1, CXCR4) were identified according to the gene connectivity and the correlation with phenotype in the key modules, as well as the PPI network involved in the genes in the modules. The subtype marker was recognized according to the immune hub, and the subtype marker was verified in the external data set, Finally, the methylation level of immune hub gene among different subtypes was compared and analyzed, at the same time, tissue microarray was used for immunohistochemical verification, and a multi-factor regulatory network of hub gene was constructed. Identifying subtype marker is helpful to accurately identify the subtypes of medulloblastoma patients, and can accurately evaluate the treatment and prognosis, so as to improve the overall survival of patients.
Linkages between environmental factors (WASH and energy) and Infant and Young Child Feeding practices in rural India: implications for cross-sectoral interventions for child health
Authors: Parikh Priti , Kwami Corina S. , Khanna Rajesh , Lall Marie , Reddy Hanimi , Benton Lorna , Sharma Sanjay , Vijay Virendra K. , Manikam Logan , Lakhanpaul Monica
Published: August 2021

As factors influencing the health and well-being of children are complex and cross-sectoral, integrated interventions are required to improve child health and hence address the Sustainable Development Goals. This paper explores linkages between environmental factors, feeding practices and potential infection pathways in India. The PANChSHEEEL project is a participatory interdisciplinary study, designed to explore HEEE (Health, Education, Engineering and Environment) factors influencing Infant and Young Child Feeding practices. This study uses data from observational transect walks and 445 household interviews from nine villages in Banswara district in India. Using the socio-ecological model, this study demonstrates how the lack of access to and quality of water resources, poor access to sanitation and hygiene practices, access to cooking fuels and flooding can influence feeding practices. The study finds that access to water, sanitation and cooking fuels can affect the preparation of food, contaminate water and food and place added time burden on caregivers. For infants, insufficient and contaminated water can lead to a higher risk of infection, diarrhoea and ultimately malnutrition. Recommendations include efforts to address waterlogging, promote safe storage of water, establish a water quality regime with stakeholders and develop appropriate, affordable and acceptable sanitation solutions.
Assessment of multiple boiling of potable water utilizing household kettles for consumption
Authors: Al-Anzi Bader S. , Abraham Litty , Bamanga A.
Published: August 2021

Boiling potable water utilizing 11 household/office electrical kettles for sterilization and aesthetic purposes is common among all age groups. However, the effect of continued boiling of the same water multiple times utilizing household electrical kettles on potable water quality has not been investigated previously; thus, the current study experimentally investigates the effect of reboiling potable water seven times on potable water quality. Kettle H (Dexon) recorded the highest concentration increase in Cl− and of 62.5 and 104%, respectively. In the case of cations, kettles I (Dexon Glass) and H (Dexon) recorded the highest concentration values for Na+ (48.8 ppm) ion in comparison with Ca2+ (31.8 ppm; kettle K (Moulinex)) and Mg2+ (5.8 ppm; kettles I and H). Kettles A (Sharp) and E (Black + Decker) showed a total dissolved solids (TDS) value of 34 ppm and a pH value of 9.05, respectively, after the second boiling that is undesirable as per the permissible standards. It is observed that kettles with a water compartment made of stainless steel displayed values closer to the raw sample after one to two boils as per anions, pH and TDS analyses. Moulinex, Tokyo, Wansa and Bosch showed the best results in the case of various analyses.
Solvent-Induced Hearing Loss from Occupational Exposure In Asia – A systematic review
Authors: Mohd Aris Mohd Shukri , Zainal Abidin Ainul Naqueah , Razali Ailin , Ismail Norazura , Fuente Adrian
Published: August 2021

Exposure to certain solvents in the workplace can cause hearing loss. This study aims to bring attention to the existing literature on the adverse effects of solvents on workers' auditory function in a diverse Asia occupational setting. The literature search used in this study is PubMed and Web of Science. 87% of the selected studies reported that the highest prevalence of hearing loss was from solvents plus noise-exposed group. Evidence shows that interaction between the solvent and the noise could be both additive and synergistic. More epidemiology studies on solvent-induced hearing loss using diverse approaches are warranted in Asia region.
Keywords: hearing loss, organic solvent, pure tone audiometry, chemical-induced hearing loss
eISSN: 2398-4287© 2021. The Authors. Published for AMER ABRA cE-Bs by e-International Publishing House, Ltd., UK. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/). Peer–review under responsibility of AMER (Association of Malaysian Environment-Behaviour Researchers), ABRA (Association of Behavioural Researchers on Asians/Africans/Arabians) and cE-Bs (Centre for Environment-Behaviour Studies), Faculty of Architecture, Planning & Surveying, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Malaysia.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.21834/ebpj.v6i17.2872
Ocular Complications in Contact Lens Wear and the Risk Factors: A retrospective analysis
Authors: Zainodin Elly Liyana , Ahmad Najmee Nur Aresya , Hamzah Farah Najwa , Saliman Noor Haziq
Published: August 2021

Contact lens-related complications might range from harmless irritation to sight-threatening reactions. The key to prevention other than adhering to good hygiene is preliminary eye examinations and timely aftercare assessments. A retrospective analysis of 33 patient clinical records at the university clinic was performed to determine the ocular complications among soft contact lens wearers and its risk factors. Overall, findings indicate that conjunctival hyperemia was the most prevalent complication. Poor lens fit was associated with limbal injection and CLPC. Sleeping with lenses was the most non-compliant behaviour. Eyecare practitioners need to be alarmed by these risk parameters among the young wearers.
Keywords: Contact lens; complications; risk factors; hygiene
eISSN: 2398-4287© 2021. The Authors. Published for AMER ABRA cE-Bs by e-International Publishing House, Ltd., UK. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/). Peer–review under responsibility of AMER (Association of Malaysian Environment-Behaviour Researchers), ABRA (Association of Behavioural Researchers on Asians/Africans/Arabians) and cE-Bs (Centre for Environment-Behaviour Studies), Faculty of Architecture, Planning & Surveying, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Malaysia.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.21834/ebpj.v6i17.2881
Procurement of Maintenance Management for Public High Rise Residential Buildings
Authors: Olanrewaju AbdulLateef , Nizam Akbar Anis Rosniza , Azmi Nurul Afiqah , Hong Tan Rui
Published: August 2021

In response to the Malaysian housing shortage, various interventions introduced. However, while the housing gap is widening, problems relating to the performance and condition of the buildings on account of defects and poor maintenance is increasing unabated. This study investigated the selection criteria of maintenance procurement methods for public high-rise residential buildings through a survey involving eight (8) maintenance managers of PRIMA housings. The five (5) main selection criteria are working relationship intuition and experience, quality level, condition of the existing building, and clarity of scope. The research prompts a need for strategic defect management for public housing.
Keywords: PR1MA housing, low-cost housing, AHP, outsourcing
eISSN: 2398-4287© 2021. The Authors. Published for AMER ABRA cE-Bs by e-International Publishing House, Ltd., UK. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/). Peer–review under responsibility of AMER (Association of Malaysian Environment-Behaviour Researchers), ABRA (Association of Behavioural Researchers on Asians/Africans/Arabians) and cE-Bs (Centre for Environment-Behaviour Studies), Faculty of Architecture, Planning & Surveying, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Malaysia.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.21834/ebpj.v6i17.2882
A Systematic Literature Review on Vehicle-Purchasing Behaviour
Authors: Zakaria Zanariah , Ramli Ahmad Razi , Ismail Norashikin , Nagayev Ruslan
Published: August 2021

The shift of consumer buying preferences toward green vehicle can alleviate environmental degradation to a certain extent. Nevertheless, the uptake of green vehicles is still low. To understand this phenomenon, this systematic review focuses on the factors that influence vehicle-purchasing behavior. This study adopted the PRISMA method for the review and utilized Scopus and Web of Science as the main journal databases. The findings from this systematic review contribute to the body of knowledge by providing the basis for future research to evaluate the purchase intention of green vehicles by non-green vehicle drivers and the reasoning behind their vehicle preferences.
Keywords: systematic literature review; purchasing behaviour; green vehicles
eISSN: 2398-4287© 2021. The Authors. Published for AMER ABRA cE-Bs by e-International Publishing House, Ltd., UK. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/). Peer–review under responsibility of AMER (Association of Malaysian Environment-Behaviour Researchers), ABRA (Association of Behavioural Researchers on Asians/Africans/Arabians) and cE-Bs (Centre for Environment-Behaviour Studies), Faculty of Architecture, Planning & Surveying, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Malaysia.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.21834/ebpj.v6i17.2884
Safety Management Practices and Safety Behaviour among Outdoor Participants
Authors: Abdul Latif Rozita , Suhaimi Muhammad Shafiq , Che Mat Hisyam , Dimitrova Antoaneta , Ab Rahman Muhamad Wafi
Published: August 2021

Safety management practices(SMPs) and safety behaviour (SB) prevent accidents and injuries in outdoor activities. The study investigated the relationship between SMPs and SB among outdoor participants. Two hundred and fifty outdoor activity participants were respondents. It administered the Vinodkumar and Bhasi questionnaire to the participants. Most respondents, comprising 49.4% (n=126), participated in outdoor activities once or twice a week. Results showed a moderate relationship between SMPs and SB (r (255) = 0.697, p<0.001). The study recommends that outdoor activities service providers should implement policies to safeguard participants to prevent accidents and injuries.
Keywords: Safety management practices(SMPs); safety behavior(SB); outdoor participants
eISSN: 2398-4287© 2021. The Authors. Published for AMER ABRA cE-Bs by e-International Publishing House, Ltd., UK. This is an open-access article under the CC BYNC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/). Peer-review under responsibility of AMER (Association of Malaysian Environment-Behavior Researchers), ABRA (Association of Behavioral Researchers on Asians/Africans/Arabians), and cE-Bs (Centre for Environment-Behavior Studies), Faculty of Architecture, Planning & Surveying, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Malaysia.
Usage of Cicer Arietinum as a local and eco-friendly natural coagulant in sewage treatment and its ability to increase the formation of floc process.
Authors: Mohammed Hassanien (A.Marey) Amera Marey
Published: August 2021

Cicer Arietinum (CA) or chickpea seeds were used as a local natural coagulant, cheap and cultivable which available in Egypt that can be used to reduce turbidity from wastewater, especially sewage water instead of chemical coagulant that causes different diseases like intestinal constipation, loss of memory, convulsions, so this paper represents the use of chickpea as a natural coagulant and eco-friendly in the environment because it assumed to be safe for the human health and efficient in sewage treatment 6, So the researchers advices now to use natural coagulant as coagulant aids which has a higher ability to raise the consistency of floc and prevent of the coagulation operation. The optimum removal conditions that applied on the research were temperature =250C, pH= 3, Contact time=120 min, agitation speed for 2 minutes =80 rpm (rapid mixing), (CA) dosage is 90 mg/L, and (95.89%) turbidity reduction was achieved on the studied area.
Using the Think-Aloud Method to Assess the Feasibility and Acceptability of Network Canvas Among Black Men Who Have Sex With Men and Transgender Persons: Qualitative Analysis
Authors: Crawford Natalie D , Josma Dorie , Harrington Kristin R V , Morris Joseph , Quamina Alvan , Birkett Michelle , Phillips II Gregory
Published: August 2021

Background

Characteristics of an individual’s social network have been important factors in understanding infectious disease transmission patterns. Social network data collection is generally time and resource intensive, yet it is crucial to our understanding of the complex epidemiologic landscape of human behaviors among stigmatized social groups.

Objective

We sought to evaluate the feasibility and acceptability of a self-administered social network data collection tool, Network Canvas, among Black men who have sex with men (BMSM) and transgender persons using the think-aloud method, which is a robust and flexible research technique used to perform usability testing.

Methods

We piloted a self-administered network interview within the Network Canvas Software Suite. Participants aged 18 years and older were recruited through a community-based organization in Atlanta, GA, and were included based upon their willingness to share information on sexual behaviors and drug use for themselves and their social networks. A semistructured interview guide was used to document cognitive decision-making processes while using the tool. Recorded interviews were transcribed verbatim, and thematic analyses were performed.

Results

Among 7 BMSM and transgender participants, three main themes were identified from cognitive processes: (1) the utility, (2) navigation, and (3) intuitive design of Network Canvas. Overall, Network Canvas was described as “easy to use,” with suggestions mainly directed toward improving navigation tools and implementing an initial tutorial on the program prior to use. Participants were willing to use Network Canvas to document their social networks and characteristics. In general, observed verbal responses from participants matched their behavior, although there were some discrepancies between verbal affirmations of use and understanding versus external observation.

Conclusions

We found Network Canvas to be a useful new tool to capture social network data. Self-administration allowed participants the opportunity to provide sensitive information about themselves and their social networks. Furthermore, automated name generation and visualization of an individuals’ social network in the app has the potential to reduce cognitive burden during data collection. More efficient methods of social network data collection have the potential to provide epidemiologic information to guide prevention efforts for populations with stigmatized health conditions or behaviors.
What is the link between natural disaster and human trafficking and slavery?
Authors: Bales Kevin
Published: August 2021

A popular supposition is that natural disasters generate immediate criminal activity by human traffickers. There is little evidence to support this idea. It is clear that natural disasters can dramatically increase vulnerability, which then increases the probability that a person may be lured or forced into slavery. This research looks closely at individual disasters, as well as global statistical data, to explore the link between natural disasters and human trafficking and slavery. There is a clear sequence of changes that occurs when slavery crime alters in the wake of a disaster, which has not previously been clearly described.
Educación a distancia, tecnología y la formación en arquitectura pospandemia
Authors: Bolaños Linares Ronan , Boo Fontenla Natalia
Published: August 2021

En el presente texto se hace una revisión sobre aspectos curriculares, docentes y tecnológicos de la formación del arquitecto en el momento actual; se aborda el confinamiento, las condiciones que han llevado a que los docentes —en general— se involucren finalmente con estrategias utilizadas en la educación a distancia; se brindan reflexiones sobre la incorporación inminente y definitiva de la educación a distancia en la forma de educar al estudiante de arquitectura a futuro; se señalan lineamientos, procesos, actores implicados, así como sus características al abordar el desarrollo de recursos y actividades en dicha modalidad; y se anticipan algunos escenarios tecnológicos y pautas para considerar en los años venideros en las instituciones de educación en arquitectura.
Los entornos virtuales como promotores de pertenencia a las instituciones educativas: el caso del CIDI de la UNAM
Authors: Reyes Castillo Mauricio Enrique , Fonseca Andrés
Published: August 2021

La transformación progresiva de los nuevos modelos educativos requiere de competencias clave relacionadas con el trabajo y la profesionalización de los individuos, afectando a su paso la forma en cómo subsisten e interactúan. Este artículo presenta un breve panorama sobre la Educación 4.0, la revolución digital y el impulso generado por la pandemia de Covid-19; además, se muestra un estudio sobre el sentimiento de pertenencia hacia el Centro de Investigaciones de Diseño Industrial (CIDI) de la UNAM. Tal análisis se acompaña al desarrollo de un espacio virtual en simulación representativa del ámbito físico-arquitectónico del CIDI. Finalmente, se hace una reflexión sobre la integración de modelos alternativos de educación, favoreciendo el panorama para la transición hacia una nueva sociedad digital (Sociedad 5.0) y, por ende, hacia una nueva educación.
Enseñar a investigar en arquitectura: una discusión pendiente más allá del proyecto arquitectónico
Authors: García Rivera Tania Montserrat
Published: August 2021

Este artículo presenta algunas reflexiones acerca de la importancia de la investigación en arquitectura, así como su enseñanza más allá de su aplicación al diseño arquitectónico. El objetivo es discutir sobre qué aporta la investigación a nuestra disciplina y cuáles han sido algunas problemáticas para su desarrollo y enseñanza, en el caso particular de la Facultad de Arquitectura de la UNAM. Primero, se parte de una breve descripción sobre la actividad investigativa en nuestro campo, posteriormente se realiza un análisis del Plan de Estudios 2017 de la licenciatura en Arquitectura, para reconocer cuál es la visión sobre la investigación y su papel en la formación; después, se compara con prácticas cotidianas realizadas en las aulas; y, finalmente, se identifica el impacto de las prácticas en la formación y se señalan algunas áreas de oportunidad.
Los cambios en el modelo enseñanza-aprendizaje durante la pandemia y las ventajas del modelo “aula invertida” en mi experiencia como docente
Authors: Zavala Rosas Christian Sarai
Published: August 2021

Los modelos de enseñanza-aprendizaje son tan variados como las escuelas que los imparten. Antes de la pandemia se trabajaba, en su mayoría, por medio de modelos de enseñanza tradicionales, donde las asignaturas eran impartidas en un salón de clases, en el que la transmisión del conocimiento se realiza principalmente de forma oral. Durante la pandemia, el modelo de enseñanza-aprendizaje cambió a un entorno virtual o e-learning, donde se combinan el uso de una plataforma virtual y videosesiones que sustituyen a las clases en línea.

Una vez que se termine la pandemia y se retorne a las escuelas, la tendencia del modelo de enseñanza-aprendizaje será un modelo híbrido entre los dos modelos descritos anteriormente, donde se impartan sesiones con el profesor en salón de clases y estas sean complementadas con el uso de una plataforma virtual.
Detection of Driver’s Distractedness Using Convolutional Neural Networks
Authors: Pasupuleti Shailaja
Published: August 2021

Deaths caused due to Road Accidents has always been an area of grave concern and happens to be one of the most critical problems in India as on date. The inattentiveness of the driver causes almost 80% of the casualties. Utilization of mobile phones, talking to passengers, reaching behind to grab something, and drinking while driving are some reasons drivers may lose attention. Distractions are considered of numerous types, out of which we focus on the manual distraction, which is based on the driver's posture. In particular, we consider nine distinct distracted states of the driver. Then, our goal is to detect whether a given image of the driver falls into one of these categories. Eventually, we will integrate an alarm that will alert the driver if she/he is detected to be in a distracted state. Accordingly, this paper presents a mechanism where we use convolutional neural networks; a deep learning technique, to classify driver images. The image dataset we use to train and test our neural network consists of the first dataset made available publicly at the Kaggle data source.
Pesticides Information System
Authors: Devi Rama
Published: August 2021

Agriculture is a important sector in India. Agriculture is backbone of Indian economy and it is primary sector of country. Farmers require advance or experts knowledge to take decision during soil preparation, seed selection, fertilizer management and pesticide management so that to get high yield. Day by day the population of India is increasing and to full fill the need of food modernization of agricultural sectors are important. As a population is increasing the production of food is also to be increase, so as to increase the productions of food farmers are using Pesticides to get the yield early. Pesticides are distributed equally on the farm and reduce the quantity of waste, which results in prevention of losses and wastage of input applied to farm. It will reduce the cost of production. The Pesticides system for farmers is a web-based system, which gives information relating to the clients and dealers of the company with respect to its pesticides product launches, pesticides information, pesticides requests. The farmers can easily get information through the website and easily retrieve the details of the pesticides, the amount of quantity of pesticides to be used; it will also give the information to which disease which pesticides should be used.
Impact of Variation in Plan Configuration on Structural Behaviour of Reinforced Concrete Building
Authors: Ravat Akshit Kumar Ketanbhai
Published: August 2021

Nowadays high rise building is a new trend in India because day by day population increase and it’s a problem to accommodate large number of people in small place. To resolve this problem only one option is good which is vertical growth of building. Due to architectural purpose some building’s plan like L, C, E and + etc. cause plan irregularities and in elevation like vertical set-back type building cause vertical irregularities. These kind of shapes are creating problem for structural engineers because it demands serious damage in earthquake. In this study the main objective is to understand demand of lateral load on different plan aspect ratio and with varying heights of 18, 33 and 48meter. Modelling of varying heights OF 18, 33 and 48 meter R.C.C. framed building is done on the ETABS software for analysis. Post analysis of the structure, Centre of mass, Centre of resistance of building, maximum storey displacement, storey drift and base shear are computed and then compared for all the analyzed cases.
Ketidakamanan pekerjaan dan kinerja tugas: Peran burnout sebagai mediator
Authors: Salendu Alice , Maldini Muhamad Fachri
Published: August 2021

An increasingly dynamic and uncertain job demands provided new challenges for employees in task performance, had an impact on job insecurity, and triggered burnout for employees. This study investigated the predictor role of job insecurity on task performance through the mediation role of burnout. The researcher conducted correlational research with a non-experimental research design. Data were collected from 106 respondents who were private employees with a minimum of one year of work experience. The sampling technique used was convenience sampling. This study was conducted by using the Job Insecurity Scale, Task Performance Scale, and Maslach Burnout Inventory - General Scale which was adapted in Indonesia language. The data were processed using multiple regression analysis with mediating variables. The result of this research showed that job insecurity had a negative relationship with task performance (b = −0.35, t = −2.78; p = 0.00). In addition, it was also found that burnout partially mediated the relationship between job insecurity and task performance (β = -0.20, SE =0.07; 99% CI [-0.41,-0.05]). There was evidence that job insecurity had a negative relationship with task performance and burnout had a mediating effect on the relationship between job insecurity and task performance.
A IMPORTÂNCIA DOS ASPECTOS PSICOLÓGICOS NA REABILITAÇÃO DO PACIENTE COM DOENÇA ARTERIAL CORONARIANA
Authors: França Jéssica Helena Souza de , Passos Yasmin Nascimento
Published: August 2021

As doenças cardíacas representam um rompimento da vida do paciente em sua rotina diária, acarretando problemas emocionais, que por vezes podem dificultar o tratamento. O desencadeamento da doença arterial coronariana em um membro familiar pode ser fonte de estresse para todos os membros da família. Portanto, por ser uma doença que traz ao indivíduo não apenas sofrimento físico, mas também psicológico, se faz necessária a reabilitação, tendo em vista o benefício que esta trará na vida desses pacientes. O presente trabalho tem como objetivo realizar uma revisão narrativa da literatura sobre a importância dos aspectos psicológicos na reabilitação do paciente com doença arterial coronariana. O método escolhido foi uma pesquisa bibliográfica dos últimos 25 anos em livros e periódicos online específicos no tema. A partir do material selecionado, foram elaboradas três categorias. A primeira categoria sobre a doença arterial coronariana aborda a definição de doença arterial coronariana, suas manifestações clínicas, fatores de risco, diagnóstico, formas de tratamento e reabilitação. Na segunda categoria serão descritos os aspectos psicológicos presentes na reabilitação, e na terceira e ultima categoria será descrito o papel do psicólogo na reabilitação. Como resultado, observou-se que os aspectos psicológicos são de suma relevância no processo de reabilitação do paciente com doença arterial coronariana, pois exercem influência no desenvolvimento da doença, interferindo no prognóstico e na adesão do paciente ao processo de tratamento e reabilitação.
Ageing on the autism spectrum: A 4-year follow-up study of mental health and quality of life in autistic adults
Authors: Roestorf Dr Amanda , Howlin Patricia , Bowler Dermot M.
Published: August 2021

Background: Poor mental health is known to adversely affect functional
abilities, social isolation and quality of life (QoL). It is, therefore,
crucial to consider the long-term impacts of mental health conditions as
autistic adults grow older. Objectives: Our objectives were to
understand the extent of: (i) autistic traits, co-occurring physical and
mental health conditions; (ii) age-related differences in those
conditions; and (iii) their impact on everyday living and QoL. Method:
Fifty-two autistic adults (aged 18-79 years) participated in the first
study (T1); 28 took part in a follow-up at T2 (mean retest interval 2.5
years). Standardised self-report measures of autistic traits, mental
health and QoL were completed at both time points. Results: Over half of
autistic adults experienced at least one co-occurring condition, and
over a third met the criteria for 3+ conditions. Depression symptoms
were particularly high in autistic women. Mental and physical health
problems were related to autistic traits, difficulties in everyday life,
and were a strong and consistent predictor of poor QoL (T1; T2) across
the lifespan. Conclusion: Our findings highlighted that mental health
difficulties persisted into older age and did not reduce over time.
Together, these findings raise important questions about mental health
provision in adult autism.
scFlow: A Scalable and Reproducible Analysis Pipeline for Single-Cell RNA Sequencing Data
Authors: Khozoie Combiz , Fancy Nurun , Marjaneh Mahdi Moradi , Murphy Alan E. , Matthews Paul M. , Skene Nathan
Published: August 2021

Advances in single-cell RNA-sequencing technology over the last decade
have enabled exponential increases in throughput:   datasets with over
a million cells are becoming commonplace.   The burgeoning scale of data
generation, combined with the proliferation of alternative analysis
methods,  led us to develop the scFlow toolkit and the nf-core/scflow
pipeline for reproducible, efficient, and scalable analyses of
single-cell and single-nuclei RNA-sequencing data.  The scFlow toolkit
provides a higher level of abstraction on top of popular single-cell
packages within an R ecosystem, while the nf-core/scflow Nextflow
pipeline is built within the nf-core framework to enable compute
infrastructure-independent deployment across all institutions and
research facilities.  Here we present our flexible pipeline, which
leverages the advantages of containerization and the potential of Cloud
computing for easy orchestration and scaling of the analysis of large
case/control datasets by even non-expert users.  We demonstrate the
functionality of the analysis pipeline from sparse-matrix quality
control through to insight discovery with examples of analysis of four
recently published public datasets and describe the extensibility of
scFlow as a modular, open-source tool for single-cell and single nuclei
bioinformatic analyses.
Oral Glucose Tolerance Test Predicts Episodic Memory Decline: A 10-Year Population-Based Follow-up Study
Authors: Toppala Sini , Ekblad Laura L. , Viitanen Matti , Rinne Juha O. , Jula Antti
Published: August 2021

Objective:
To examine if the 2-hour value of an oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) can predict
cognitive decline.

Research design and methods: This study is based on a subpopulation of the Finnish
population-based Health 2000 Survey, and its follow-up, the Health 2011 study. Altogether
961 individuals aged 45–74 (mean 55.6 years, 55.8% women) underwent OGTT in
2001–2002. Categorical verbal fluency, word-list learning, and word-list
delayed recall were tested at baseline and at follow-up in 2011. Statistical
analyses were performed with multivariable linear models adjusted for previously
reported risk factors for cognitive decline.

Results:
A higher 2-hour glucose value in the OGTT at baseline predicted worse
performance (slope: -0.08, p=0.01) and greater decline (slope: -0.07, p=0.007) in
the word-list delayed recall test after 10 years.

Conclusions:
Our results indicate that higher 2-hour glucose values in the OGTT predict a
decline in episodic memory after 10 years.
Advanced Closed-Loop Control System Improves Postprandial Glycemic Control Compared With a Hybrid Closed-Loop System Following Unannounced Meal
Authors: Garcia-Tirado Jose , Diaz Jenny L. , Esquivel-Zuniga Rebeca , Koravi Chaitanya L. K. , Corbett John P. , Dawson Martha , Wakeman Christian , Barnett Charlotte L. , Oliveri Mary C. , Myers Helen , Krauthause Katie , Breton Marc D. , DeBoer Mark D.
Published: August 2021

Objective: Meals
are a major hurdle to glycemic control in type 1 diabetes (T1D). Our objective
was to test a fully-automated closed-loop control (CLC) system in the absence
of announcement of carbohydrate ingestion among adolescents with T1D, who are
known to commonly omit meal announcement.

Research
Design and Methods: Eighteen adolescents
with T1D (age 15.6±1.7 years; HbA1c 7.4%±1.5; 9F/9M) participated in a randomized
crossover clinical trial comparing our legacy hybrid CLC system (USS-Virginia)
with a novel fully-automated CLC system (RocketAP), during two 46h supervised
admissions (each with one announced and one unannounced dinner), following 2
weeks of data collection. Primary outcome was the percent time-in-range 70-180mg/dL
(TIR) following the unannounced meal, with secondary outcomes related to additional
CGM-based metrics.

Results:
 Both TIR and
time-in-tight-range 70-140mg/dL (TTR) were significantly higher using RocketAP
than using USS-Virginia during the 6h following the unannounced meal (83% [64-93]
vs. 53% [40-71]; p=0.004 and 49% [41-59] vs. 27% [22-36]; p=0.002, respectively),
primarily driven by reduced time-above-range (TAR >180mg/dL 17% [1.3-34] vs.
47% [28-60]), with no increase in time-below-range (TBR <70mg/dL 0% median
for both). RocketAP also improved control following the announced meal (mean
difference TBR: -0.7%, TIR: +7%, TTR: +6%), overall (TIR: +5%, TAR: -5%, TTR:
+8%), and overnight (TIR: +7%, TTR: +19%, TAR: -5%). RocketAP delivered less
insulin overall (78±23U vs. 85±20U, p=0.01)

Conclusions: A new fully-automated CLC system with
automatic prandial dosing was proven to be safe and feasible and outperformed our
legacy USS-Virginia in an adolescent population with and without meal
announcement.