bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A Mobile Game for Patients With Breast Cancer for Chemotherapy Self-Management and Quality-of-Life Improvement: Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Kim Hee Jun , Kim Sun Mi , Shin Heechul , Jang Joung-Soon , Kim Young In , Han Doug Hyun
Published: July 2018

Background

The application of game-based learning in clinical practice has shown potential advantages in previous studies. However, there have been little efforts to use smartphone-based mobile games in the management of adult patients with cancer.

Objective

The objective of our study was to evaluate if patient education using a mobile game may increase drug compliance, decrease physical side effects of chemotherapy, and improve psychological status in breast cancer patients.

Methods

A total of 76 patients with metastatic breast cancer who were planned to receive cytotoxic chemotherapy were enrolled in this trial. Study participants were randomly assigned to a mobile game play group (game group, n=36) or a conventional education group (control group, n=40) in a ratio of 1:1. The patients were unblinded and followed prospectively for 3 weeks. Outcome measures included time spent for education, compliance to medication, physical side effects, and psychological side effects including quality of life (QoL).

Results

Overall, 72 out of 76 patients completed the study after 3 weeks (95%). The subjects in the game group showed high levels of satisfaction with the app. The time spent playing the mobile game in the game group was longer than that spent for self-education in the control group (mean 22.2, SD 6.1 vs mean 5.5, SD 4.0 minutes a day; P<.001). The mobile game group showed better drug adherence (Korean version of the Medication Adherence Rating Scale; mean 7.6, SD 0.7 vs mean 6.5, SD 0.5; P<.001). The use of the mobile game was associated with lower rates of chemotherapy-related side effects, such as nausea, fatigue, numbness of hand or foot, and hair loss, than the control group. The game group exhibited better QoL during chemotherapy (mean 74.9, SD 3.5 vs mean 72.2, SD 5.3; P=.01). However, there were no significant differences in terms of depression and anxiety scales.

Conclusions

This study suggests the feasibility and potentiality of the use of smartphone mobile games for patients with breast cancer receiving chemotherapy. Education using a mobile game led to better patient education, improved drug compliance, decreased side effects, and better QoL compared with conventional education. Mobile games can be used as easy, fun, and effective measures for patient education and have the potential to improve treatment outcomes.

Trial Registration

ClinicalTrials.gov NCT03205969; http://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03205969 (Archived by WebCite at http://www.webcitation.org/71jfSBOq9).
ALTERED LIPID PROFILE IN HYPOTHYROIDISM: A BIOCHEMICAL VIEWPOINT
Authors: Dv Krishna Veni , Kundoor Neetha , Bashetti Srilatha , Rayaprolu Prashnathi
Published: July 2018

Context: Overt hypothyroidism is the most common endocrine disorder associated with a decrease in 3,5,3’-triiodothyronine and 3,5,3’,5’-tetraiodothyronine levels and increase in thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) levels. Thyroid hormones (THs) regulate all major metabolic pathways. THs play an important role in the synthesis, metabolism, and transport of lipids. Thyroid failure is associated with various biochemical and molecular alterations. Hypothyroidism is the common cause of secondary dyslipidemia as well as cardiovascular risk.Objective: The present review focuses on alterations in lipid metabolism associated with hypothyroidism leading to cardiovascular risk.Methods: The data source is from PUBMED, Google Scholar, and EMBASE. The study is a part of our previous research in studying the variations in lipid profile and transaminases in overt hypothyroidism.Result: The serum total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), apolipoprotein B (apo B), lipoprotein (a) (Lp[a]), and triglycerides are elevated in individuals with overt hypothyroidism. In addition, it was also observed that the endothelial dysfunction, normal/depressed systolic function, left ventricular diastolic dysfunction at rest, as well as systolic and diastolic dysfunction on effort was observed in hypothyroidism.Conclusion: THs play an important role in the regulation of lipid metabolism. Hypothyroidism is also linked with altered hemodynamics. The atherogenic lipid profile along with other predisposing factors may contribute to the coronary artery disease.
COMPARISON OF EFFECT OF HIORA MOUTHWASH VERSUS CHLORHEXIDINE MOUTHWASH IN GINGIVITIS PATIENTS: A CLINICAL TRIAL
Authors: Ramamurthy Jaiganesh , Mg Visha
Published: July 2018

Objective: The aim and objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of Hiora mouthwash versus Chlorhexidine mouthwash for the treatment of gingivitis.Methods: The study population was comprised 30 gingivitis patients. The patients were randomly categorized into two groups of 15 patients in each group. Group A was given Chlorhexidine mouthwash and Group B was given Hiora mouthwash. Pre-operative measurements such as plaque index (PI), gingival index (GI), and probing depth (PD), and loss of attachment (LA) were measured. Oral prophylaxis followed by the prescription of mouthwash was done. The patients were recalled for a review after 15 days, and post-operative measurements were recorded.Results: From the statistical analysis in the experimental Group A and Group B, the mean values of PD, LA, GI, and PI were found to be significantly lower in the post-operative period than the pre-operative mean values. At the end of 15 days, almost comparable reduction in the amount of plaque and gingivitis was found in both Group A and Group B. Hence, the differences in efficacy of these two mouthwashes were non-significant.Conclusion: Hiora and Chlorhexidine mouthwashes were equally effective in the treatment of gingivitis.
THE EXTENT OF MEDICINE WASTAGES IN A TERTIARY HOSPITAL IN BRUNEI: 10 YEARS’ RETROSPECTIVE STUDY FROM 2006 TO 2016
Authors: Kifli Nurolaini , Wai See Wong , Chaw Li Ling
Published: July 2018

Objective: Access to health and medical care for Bruneians is at a negligible cost. Medication wastage poses a financial burden on the nation’s economy. This retrospective study aims to measure the extent of medicines wastage in a tertiary hospital in Brunei Darussalam and its relation to the costs.Methods: The collected dataset records all information on returned medicines to the inpatient pharmacy in Raja Isteri Pengiran Anak Saleha hospital from 2006 to 2016. This information includes the dates and location from where medication is returned, its form, its unit price, and its status after being returned. The datum was analyzed using R statistical software (version 3.3).Results: A total of 1,290,254 units of medications were returned, totaling BND $3,703,170. These medications were returned from hospital wards (88.5%), inpatient pharmacy (34.3%), and health centers (2.7%). The majority of returned medications were in an oral solid form (78.5%), followed by injections (13.7%) and topical preparations (3.2%). Among the recorded medications, 53.8% were eventually reused (a total of BND $1,177,147) and 38.3% were disposed (a total of BND $1,538,022). Oral solids formed the majority of both the reused (89.7%) and disposed (74.7%) medications. 60.2% of the medications returned by the hospital wards were reused.Conclusion: Medication recycling and wastage exist in Brunei. Health-care policymakers should be informed to implement wastage reduction strategies. One major limitation is the amount of missing data and the consistency of data entry. The eventual destinations of 7.8% of the returned medications were unrecorded and 879 entries (1.4%) were removed from the analysis, after applying the exclusion criteria and also to account for suspected data entry errors.
FORMULATION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF SUSTAINED RELEASE COATED MATRIX GRANULES OF METFORMIN HYDROCHLORIDE
Authors: Earle Radha Rani , Bandaru Kiran Kumar , Usha A Lakshmi
Published: July 2018

Objective: Metformin hydrochloride is a biguanide antihyperglycemic agent which is a generally recommended first-line drug for the treatment of diabetes mellitus (Type II). The purpose of this investigation is to prepare sustained release matrix granules of metformin hydrochloride which are coated to extend the drug release over a longer time period.Methods: Metformin hydrochloride granules were prepared by mixing all the dry powders in a V-cone blender and wetting the powder mix with aqueous solution of hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose K100. The prepared granules (MG1-MG5) were investigated for drug release. The batch of granules which exhibited extended release for up to 4 h was coated in a standard coating pan with blends of Eudragit RS and RL to further enhance release period. These were marked as coated metformin granules (CMG3) and CMG4 which were later filled into empty capsules. The granules were characterized for micromeritic properties, percentage yield, particle size distribution, percentage of drug content, and in vitro release of the drug.Results: All the formulations showed percentage yield in the range of 77.66–82.86% and drug content in the range of 78.23–96.62%. CMG3 showed drug release of 97.02% for 12 h. Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy and differential scanning calorimetry studies indicated that no possible interaction existed between the drug and the polymers used. Scanning electron microscopy images revealed that the granules were spherical in shape with smooth surface and completely covered with a coating of polymer. Kinetic analysis of drug release confirmed that drug release followed zero-order kinetics where it is independent of the concentration.Conclusion: From the results, it was analyzed that design of coated granules employing the polymers used in the present work can produce a sustained release of the drug over a period of 12 h.
HOMOCYSTEINE STATUS OF ELDERLY SLUM WOMEN IN DELHI
Authors: Gonmei Zaozianlungliu , Dwivedi Supriya , Siddhu Anupa , Toteja Gurudayal Singh , Vikram Naval Kishore , Kamboj Preeti
Published: July 2018

Objective: The study was undertaken to assess homocysteine levels among economically deprived elderly women in Delhi.Methods: The study was carried out among elderly women aged 60–70 years residing in Kirti Nagar slums of West Delhi. Blood samples were collected, and serum homocysteine was analyzed using chemiluminescent immunometric assay. Hyperhomocysteinemia was defined as serum homocysteine >15 μmol/l. Dietary information was also collected using 24 h dietary recall method and food frequency questionnaire.Results: The prevalence of hyperhomocysteinemia was 16.9%. The mean serum homocysteine was 12.35±6.43 μmol/l. Serum homocysteine levels ranged from 3.84 to 35.20 μmol/l. It was observed that hyperhomocysteinemia was higher in vegetarians (31.2%) compared to non-vegetarians (6.7%).Conclusion: The prevalence of hyperhomocysteinemia is higher among vegetarians than non-vegetarians. Further, research is necessary to see the effect of elevated homocysteine in multiple age-related diseases.
EFFECT OF HEXANE FRACTION FROM PAPAYA (CARICA PAPAYA L.) MALE FLOWER ON CELL CYCLE OF COLON ADENOCARCINOMA (WIDR) CELL AND ITS COMBINATION INDEX WITH DOXORUBICIN
Authors: Y Yusnita , M Masfria , R Rosidah , I Iksen
Published: July 2018

Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the effects of papaya (Carica papaya L.) male flower hexane fraction (PHF) on cell cycle of colon adenocarcinoma (WiDr) cell and its combination index (CI) with doxorubicin.Methods: Flow cytometer and the CI were used to show the PHF on cell cycle of colon adenocarcinoma (WiDr) cell and to calculate the synergism potential, respectively.Result: The result showed that the PHF giving inhibition on cell cycle of colon adenocarcinoma (WiDr) cell in G0-G1, S, G2-M phase. Furthermore, the combination of PHF with doxorubicin in colon adenocarcinoma (WiDr) cell gave a strong synergistic effect with optimal concentration of 8 μg/ml–50 nM (PHF-Doxorubicin) with the IC score lower than 1.Conclusion: This study provides evidence that PHF could be a new potential co-chemotherapeutic agent with doxorubicin on colon adenocarcinoma cell.
A MOLECULAR-BASED APPROACH TO INVESTIGATE BREAST CANCER 1 AND BREAST CANCER 2 STATUS IN OVARIAN CANCER AMONG IRAQI WOMEN
Authors: Shweash Muhannad , Naseer Saddam Jumaa , Al-anii Maisam Khider , Mutar Thulfiqar Fawwaz
Published: July 2018

Objective: Cancer ovary is one of the fatal gynecologic malignancies worldwide. Since breast cancer (BRCA) genes are considered tumor suppressor genes and play important roles in cancer by repairing of chromosomal damage with the error repair of DNA breaks. Therefore, breast cancer 1 (BRCA1) and breast cancer 2 (BRCA2) gene mutations strongly enhance the development of ovarian cancer risk among women. Here, we report that both genes are an essential mediator of progress ovarian cancer, to determine the influence of BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutations in the improvement of ovarian cancer.Methods: A total of 25 subjects were chosen for the genetic studies, and three groups were recruited: fifteen ovarian cancer patients group, five healthy controls, and five first-degree relatives to a known case of ovarian cancer patients.Results: A genetic analysis revealed that a strong correlation exists between both gene mutations’ status in ovarian cancer, and BRCA gene mutations (185delAG, 5382insC, and 4153delA in BRCA1 and 6174delT in BRCA2) remained to establish to have a relatively high frequency among people in this study among ovarian cancer patients. Furthermore, seven patients with ovarian cancer carried all of the four investigated mutations, and five had three mutations.Conclusion: Otherwise, BRCA gene frequency showed low prevalence among first-degree relatives, and to a lesser extent among healthy controls, with only a few had all of the mutations combined. These data demonstrate for the first time a molecular link between BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutations in ovarian cancer progression in Iraq.
A STEREOLOGICAL STUDY OF HIPPOCAMPUS IN EXPERIMENTAL EPILETIC RAT MODEL TREATED WITH ACORUS CALAMUS AND BETA-ASARONE
Authors: C Venkataramaniah , Praba A Mary Antony
Published: July 2018

Objective: Epilepsy is the fourth most prevalent neurodegenerative disorder that affects about 1–2% of people round the world. Epilepsy cannot be cured even with modern medication, but the medications can control the seizures. Even this cannot be achieved in nearly 30% of epileptic population. At this point, we felt the need of some natural supplements to protect the nervous system against neurodegeneration and so created an equivalent model of epilepsy with kainic acid lesion and studied the novel role of Acorus calamus in protecting the neurons.Methods: For this study, we divided the animals into four groups, based on the drugs used. We also produced a stereotaxic model of epilepsy by inducing kainic acid into the right hippocampus of all the animals except CO (control) group. Then, we conducted a stereological study both on the 2nd and 7th day after surgery, to rule out the neuroprotective and neuroregenerative ability of the drugs employed.Results: The results were amazing. Stereological study on the 2nd day revealed a very large lesion on the hippocampus of lesion control (LC) animals, and the lesion was very much smaller in both drug group animals. On the 7th day also the LC animals showed a large lesion, but the lesion on the drug group animals diminished due to a number of new cells, probably of neurons grown in the place of lesion.Conclusion: The results proved the neuroprotective and regenerative ability of both drugs, but as a fact, beta-asarone had an upper hand in this study.
ZIKA VIRUS: REVIEW OF CURRENT STATUS
Authors: Rvs Chaitanya Koppala , Anusha Venna R Surya
Published: July 2018

Zika virus (ZIKV) is a mosquito-borne virus which startled the world with its tremendous outbreaks in Africa, America, Asia, and Pacific region. Although the symptoms are mild such as fever and headache, its complications are severe in newborn: Guillain-Barre Syndrome and congenital Zika syndrome including microcephaly. Its ability to transmit through vector and non-vector means especially vertical transmission made it a potential threat. The World Health Organization with the support of other organizations implemented several programs to eradicate the spread of the virus. Development of a vaccine for ZIKV is still under clinical trials. An anti-hepatitis C drug was repurposed for treating infected persons especially pregnant women to limit vertical transmission of ZIKV. This review focuses on the historical background, structure, phylogeny, transmission, symptoms, diagnosis, prevention, and treatment of ZIKV along with strategies planned for control and monitoring of ZIKV.
MOLECULAR DOCKING STUDIES OF RICINUS COMMUNIS PHYTOCHEMICALS AGAINST BETA-LACTAMASE FROM ENTEROCOCCUS FAECALIS AND STAPHYLOCOCCUS AUREUS
Authors: Umaarasu Thirunavukkarasu , Padmavathy Kesavaram , Thirunavukkarasu Dharmalingam , Sv Rajesh , Shanmugam Gnanendra
Published: July 2018

Objective: The objective of this study is to investigate the antibacterial activity of Ricinus communis phytochemicals against beta-lactamase from Enterococcus faecalis and Staphylococcus aureus through molecular docking studies. Methods: The three-dimensional (3D) structure of beta-lactamase from E. faecalis was modeled using modeler 9v9 and validated. The 3D structure of beta-lactamase from S. aureus (PDB ID: 1 GHP) was retrieved from PDB database. The 2D structures of 29 phytochemical compounds from the methanol leaf extracts of R. communis were drawn in ACD-Chemsketch and converted into 3D structures. The 3D structure of R. communis leaf compounds and cefotaxime (control) was virtually screened in the binding pockets of β-lactamase proteins from E. faecalis and S. aureus using FlexX docking program. Results: The docking studies revealed that ferulic acid and hyperoside exhibited promising minimum binding and docking energy that is closely related to the docking score of standard antibiotic cefotaxime. Conclusion: The result of the present study indicates that ferulic acid and hyperoside are potential compounds that could be effectively used in the treatment of infections caused by E. faecalis and S. aureus. However, further clinical studies are required to ascertain the antibacterial activity and potential toxic effects of ferulic acid and hyperoside in vivo.
EFFECT OF TOBACCO EXTRACT ON STREPTOCOCCUS MUTANS: POSSIBLE ROLE IN MODULATING CARCINOGENESIS
Authors: Arun Jyotsna , N Srikant , Suman Ethel , Shenoy Ashok , Baliga Srikala
Published: July 2018

Objective: Tobacco use in the smoking or smokeless form is the most common form of substance abuse recorded in the world. Not only does tobacco influence carcinogenesis but also modifies the oral microflora. The aim of our study was to assess the growth pattern of Streptococcus mutans under the influence of cigarette extract.Methods: Pure stock culture of S. mutans was grown in brain heart infusion broth mixed with three concentrations of aqueous cigarette extract. Quantification of the S. mutans colonies was performed in Mitis Salivarius Agar subculture. Biofilm assessment was also performed to find the adherent property of microorganisms.Statistical Analysis used: One-way ANOVA was used to compare the effect of cigarette extract on growth and biofilm formation of S. mutans. Results: There was increase in the colony counts with increasing concentration of cigarette extract (p<0.001). There was an observable trend noted in the biofilm assay.Conclusion: The colony growth is positively influenced by the cigarette additives (sugars and sweeteners), carbon dioxide environment, and biofilm modification. The altered flora with higher S. mutans may be linked with the higher salivary acetaldehyde production which promotes carcinogenesis. The flora may be protective by production of antitumorigenic or antimutagenic compounds. The balance between the carcinogenic and anticarcinogenic signals produced by tobacco and microflora influences the outcome of the disease.
EGG WHITE ALBUMIN FORM COMPLEX WITH ASPIRIN AND CAFFEINE AND ITS ROLE AS FREE RADICAL SCAVENGER
Authors: Jayanti Gatra Ervi , Widyarti Sri , Sabarudin Akhmad , Sumitro Sutiman Bambang
Published: July 2018

Objective: Egg white protein (ovalbumin) is well known to be freshly consumed in Indonesia as traditional medicine, or it is usually known as “Jamu.” Ovalbumin, as well as egg white albumin, is able to form complex compounds with other substances through the formation of weak chemical and physical bonds. The objective of this study is to understand the behavior of ovalbumin as radical scavenger when it binds to antioxidants such as aspirin and caffeine (as a complex). Methods: In this study, docking sites and ovalbumin as scavenger were studied using computer-modeling software. An ovalbumin was used only for computer modeling, whereas in the wet laboratory, the freeze-drying albumin was used for electron spin resonance (ESR) and Fourier transform-infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy to determine its ability as a scavenger and functional groups, respectively. Albumin solution was applied to measure the viscosity. Results: The variability of tridimensional structures of aspirin was investigated after binding with ovalbumin. However, these structures cannot be seen clearly on caffeine. The root-mean-square deviation analysis showed that aspirin, as well as caffeine, altered the dynamic conformation of ovalbumin. The complex of aspirin-ovalbumin-caffeine which was treated at a temperature of −70°C showed intermolecular force. ESR results showed that the complex compounds could effectively reduce more free radicals when compared to aspirin or caffeine. The existence of aromatic compounds (as confirmed by FTIR) was useful for the scavenger molecules and chemical interaction occurs. The viscosity of the complex was similar with normal gastric mucus, which associated with radical scavenger. Conclusion: The characters of albumin when it binds to aspirin and caffeine indicated that scavenging activity of the complex and the viscosity showed an important result to be physiological scavengers of free radicals.
THE CORRELATION BETWEEN ESTRADIOL LEVELS WITH TELOMERE LENGTH BASED ON HISTORY OF USING HORMONAL CONTRACEPTIVE IN PREMENOPAUSAL WOMEN
Authors: Yusrawati Yusrawati , Sulastri Delmi , Desmawati Desmawati
Published: July 2018

Objective: This study aimed to investigate the correlation between nutritional status and estradiol level with telomere length in premenopausal women with and without hormonal contraceptive history. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted in Padang city to 115 premenopausal Minangkabau ethnic 40–54 years old. Height examined using stature meter, waist circumference (WC) using measuring tape, and body weight using body scale were performed by trained people. Blood sample analysis was performed using O’Callaghan and Fenech’s technique to measure telomere length. Estradiol level was measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay technique. Results: This research indicated that an average telomere length was 552.96±422.57 bp, body mass index (BMI) was 26.12±4.84, WC was 85.66±10.28 cm, and estradiol level was 148.24±54.03 pg/ml. The proportion of subjects who have hormonal contraceptives history was 65.2% with the most method of contraceptive used injection (75%). There were no correlations between BMI, WC, and estradiol level with telomere length (p>0.005). However, there was a positive significant correlation between estradiol levels and telomere length in women with no history of hormonal contraceptive use (p=0.025). Conclusion: A history of hormonal contraceptive used influences the correlation between estradiol levels and telomere length in premenopausal women.
DEVELOPMENT OF QUALITATIVE PHARMACOGNOSTIC AND HIGH-PERFORMANCE THIN-LAYER CHROMATOGRAPHIC FINGERPRINTING OF MORPHOLOGICAL SIMILAR SPECIES OF GENUS FICUS
Authors: Singh Amandeep , Mukhtar Hayat Mohammad , Satija Saurabh , Mehta Meenu
Published: July 2018

Objective: Ficus deltoidea (FD) and Ficus benjamina (FB), popularly known as “jack tree/mas cotek” and “pimpri/java fig,” respectively, in India and are used in folk medicine to treat the wound, ulcers, diabetes, microbial infections, and inflammatory disorders. Such therapeutic claims have also been justified in the literature by their rich chemical diversity. Both the plant species are morphologically similar and used unauthentically as the traditional medicinal product. Although these plants are sold in the local market by a traditional medicinal healer, we did not find any authenticated data on its quality.Methods: In the present study, quality standards of both the plant drugs have been developed and compared by performing morphological, microscopical, physicochemical, phytochemical, and high-performance thin-layer chromatographic (HPTLC) analysis. using CAMAG Linomat 5 instrument (Kindly delete the bold matter).Results: It was revealed that both the plant species have similar pharmacognostic features with some differences in type of stomata, presence of marked midrib, arrangement of the cell, cell structures, and meristele. HPTLC data revealed that the primary component in FD leaves (FDL) and FB leaves (FBL) extracts was found at Rf 0.67 and 0.37 with the respective peak area of 35.61% and 34.71%. The peaks at Rf 0.17 and 0.27 can be appeared as the chemical marker to highlight the quality of FDL, whereas peaks at Rf 0.87 and 0.95 can be considered to identify and chemically standardize the FBL.Conclusion: This study highlighted essential characters which contribute to the standardization, identification, and authentication of plant drugs.
GASTRO-FLOATING TABLETS OF REPAGLINIDE: PREPARATION AND IN VIVO EVALUATION
Authors: P Poornima , K Abbulu , K Mukkanti
Published: July 2018

Objective: Current research concerns the expansion of repaglinide matrix floating tablets, which are designed to prolong the gastric residence time, increase the drug bioavailability, and diminish the side effects.Methods: Different formulations of repaglinide floating tablets were prepared with different grades of hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC) and other agents. Evaluation parameters and in vivo bioavailability studies were conducted in the suitable model.Results: Among all the formulations, F21 containing HPMC K1500 PH PRM, Polyox WSR 303, and sodium bicarbonate, as gas generating agent was selected as optimized formulation based on physicochemical properties, floating lag time (36 s), and total floating time (>24 h). From in vitro dissolution studies, the optimized formulation F21 showed drug release of 98.92±5.19% within 24 h whereas 95.09±5.01% of the drug was released from the marketed product within 1 h.Conclusion: From in vitro and in vivo bioavailability studies repaglinide floating tablets expected to give a new choice for safe, economical, and increased bioavailability for effective management of diabetes mellitus.
ENHANCEMENT OF IN VITRO ANTIOXIDANT POTENTIAL OF TERMINALIA CHEBULA BY VARIOUS FRUIT EXTRACTS AND OPTIMIZATION OF CONCENTRATION BY RESPONSE SURFACE METHODOLOGY
Authors: Sharma Geetika , Sharma Vipasha , Mishra Tulika
Published: July 2018

Objective: The main objective of this study was to determine the enhancement of in vitro antioxidant potential of fruits of Terminalia chebula (TC) when used in combination with fruit extracts of Phyllanthus emblica, Ananas comosus, and Punica granatum. Hydroxyl (OH) radical scavenging and 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) free radical scavenging assays were used to analyze the antioxidant potential.Method: Formulations of different combinatorial concentrations of fruits to prepare a mixture were achieved with central composite design through response surface methodology. Screening of 300 different combinations of various concentrations was done through hydroxyl radical scavenging assay followed by statistical analysis of data. Further validation of results was done by measuring the antioxidant potential of most bioactive extracts by DPPH method.Results: Screening of 300 samples of different combinations for antioxidant potential revealed the samples with highest percentage inhibition in aqueous (85.2%), ethanolic (92.9%), and aqueous-ethanolic (84.21%) extracts. Data were subjected to analysis of variance and generated a three-dimensional response surface plot for highest activity. Further subjecting these extracts to DPPH assay revealed a significant enhancement in the antioxidant potential of ethanolic extract of TC when used in mixture with other plants.Conclusion: Antioxidant activity of TC was enhanced when used in combination with other fruits extracts. These synergistic studies generating valuable interactions between various phytochemicals could lead to a momentous increase in other associated activities to fight against diseases such as cancer and cardiovascular disorders. Further research on isolation of bioactive compounds in the mixture and their potential to fight various types of cancer could lead to a significant augmentation in the activity of natural compounds.
THERAPEUTIC IMPACT OF BERRIES (MORUS ALBA AND MORUS RUBRA) FRUIT EXTRACT IN THE REGRESSION OF HIGH-FAT DIET-INDUCED CARDIAC DYSFUNCTION IN RATS
Authors: El-baz Farouk K , Aly Hanan F , Abd-alla Howaida I , Biomy Dalia F
Published: July 2018

Objective: The aim of the present study is to investigate the effect of Morus alba (MA) and Morus rubra L. (MR) fruit extract on obesity-induced cardiac dysfunction and fibrosis in cardiac tissue.Methods: Seventy male Wistar albino rats were randomly divided into five groups of ten rats each. MA and MR have been administered for 6 weeks in obese rats induced by high-fat diet (HFD). Adiponectin, glucagon, troponin, plasminogen activator inhibitor, cell adhesion molecules-1 (intracellular and vascular respectively), C-reactive protein, collagen type II and collagen alpha-1 (III) chain, and lipoxygenase activity were also estimated in serum of obese rats. Histopathological investigation of cardiac tissue was carried out.Results: MA and MR treatments significantly normalized cardiac dysfunction biomarkers as well as cardiac fibrosis as examined by histopathological examination with higher percentage of improvement for MR extract.Conclusion: Hence, it could be concluded that MA and MR extracts have useful effects on obesity-associated cardiac diseases through lipid metabolism regulation, cardiac functions and reversed cardiac fibrosis.
DRUG UTILIZATION STUDY IN OPHTHALMOLOGY OUTPATIENT DEPARTMENT IN A GOVERNMENT TERTIARY CARE HOSPITAL IN MAHARASHTRA
Authors: Tb Nishandar , As Kale , Hn Pise , Sd Jambhrunkar
Published: July 2018

Objective: Drug utilization research is an essential part of pharmacoepidemiology as it describes the extent, nature, and determinants of drug exposure. Indiscriminate use of topical antibiotics, steroids, and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs causes histological and structural changes in the conjunctiva. The present study was proposed to investigate prescription and drug utilization practices in ophthalmology outpatient department (OPD) in a government tertiary care hospital in Maharashtra.Methodology: An observational, cross-sectional study was conducted in a tertiary care teaching hospital of rural Maharashtra, India, from January 2015 to June 2016 after approval of the institutional ethics committee. Patients of all age group and of either gender attending ophthalmology OPD in a tertiary care hospital were included in the study. Patients not willing to consent as well as follow-up patients were excluded from the study. Data collection was done in a predesigned pro forma. Prescriptions were evaluated for demographic data, World Health Organization (WHO) core drug prescription indicators. Statistical analysis was performed using Microsoft Office Excel® 2007.Results: In a total of 600 patients, females outnumbered males. A bit less than a half of patients belonged to the age group of 19–45 years. An average number of drugs per encounter was (1080/600), i.e. 1.8. Of 1080 total drugs prescribed, 678 drugs (62.78%) were prescribed by their generic name. 1027/1080 (95.09%) drugs were prescribed from the National List of Essential Medicines and 671/1080 (62.13%) drugs prescribed were from the WHO- Essential medicines List. Total encounters having antibiotics and injectable formulations were 274 (45.66%) and 4 (0.66%), respectively.Discussion: Drug utilization studies (DUS) are a tool for assessing the prescribing, dispensing, and distribution of drugs. The main aim of DUS is to facilitate rational use of medicines. Overall findings of the study suggest that ophthalmologists’ drug prescribing habits were appropriate to a larger extent in the current setting.
AN INVESTIGATION INTO THE PREVALENCE AND CAUSES OF DRUG AND CHEMICAL POISONING IN PATIENTS
Authors: Vaghar Mohammad Islami
Published: July 2018

Objective: Oral or intravenous use of drugs in amounts higher than therapeutic doses can cause poisoning or death. This condition which is called poisoning accounts for 15–20% of referrals to emergency units. Most death cases in adults are also reported to be attributed to this condition. The present study was carried out to investigate the prevalence and causes of poisoning in patients who had referred to the emergency department of Tabriz’s Sina Hospital in 2012–2013.Methods: In so doing, a cross-sectional analytic descriptive study was carried out to examine the prevalence and causes of poisoning among the patients who had referred to the poisoning ward of Sina Hospital affiliated with Tabriz University of Medical Sciences.Result: The results of the present study showed that toxicity was prevalent among 44.16% of the patients who had referred to the emergency department, and it was significantly higher among the women compared to the men. Of the studied 988 patients, 567 had used only one drug and 16 two drugs at the same time, 14 patients had abused drug and chemical materials, 80.3% of them had no history of suicide, and 49.7% were reported with poisoning with home drugs. The results also indicated no significant relationship between the type of drug and intentional poisoning.Conclusion: It could be concluded that marital and occupational status were significantly related to intentional poisoning.
RESTORATIVE EFFECTS OF ZINGIBER OFFICINALE ON ARSENIC-INDUCED GENOTOXIC EFFECTS IN CHROMOSOMAL STRUCTURE OF MICE
Authors: Sharma Suman , Gill Anjali Singh
Published: July 2018

Objective: The present study investigated the antigenotoxic effect of Zingiber officinale (Ginger) on arsenic-induced genotoxic effects in chromosome structure of Swiss albino mice.Methods: Albino mice were divided into four groups: Group I was kept as control, Group II was administrated an oral dose of arsenic trioxide 5 mg/kg bw for 15 days, Group III was given an oral dose of arsenic trioxide 5 mg/kg bw followed by 20 mg/kg bw of ginger orally, and Group IV was administered with 20 mg/kg bw of ginger orally for 15 days and kept as positive control. The autopsies were done from all the groups on 15-day post-treatment, and bone marrow was removed for chromosomal study and for calculating the frequency of micronuclei (MN).Results: It is concluded from this study that long-term arsenic exposure causes chromosomal anomalies, for example, breaks, gaps, rings, stretching, and stickiness which leads to the fragmentation of chromosomes and increases the frequency of MN.Conclusion: The administration of ginger showed modulatory effects against arsenic-induced genotoxicity.
GLOBAL SCENARIO IN PHARMACEUTICAL INDUSTRIAL AND ACADEMIC RESEARCH
Authors: Gspiar (intellectual Property: Creation & Protection)”
Published: July 2018

ABSTRACT BOOK  Organized byFaculty of Pharmacy, Dr. APJ Abdul Kalam University, Indore Published byAsian Journal of Pharmaceutical & Clinical Research (ISSN 2455-3891) www.ajpcr.com
Resposta da mandioca a diferentes tipos de preparo do solo
Authors: Santana Juliano , Araújo Júlio Cesar Reis , Lima Alandionys Gonçalves de , Moreira Juracy Mendes , Lima Junior Antonio Florentino de , Silva Arinaldo Pereira da , Rosa Juliano Queiroz Santana
Published: July 2018

Manihot esculenta Crantz is a native species of central Brazil present in all tropical and subtropical territories, has good adaptability, tolerance to drought and presents satisfactory yield in low fertility soils, promising crop in the family agriculture, contributing to the social and economic development of Brazil. In spite of this, traditionally, the culture is conducted with low financial investment, and in general, does not have the application of corrective and fertilizer in adequate doses. The objective of this work was evaluate the effect of two types of soil preparation; achievement or not of plaster; and four limestone rates on cassava yield (IAC 12). The experiment was carried out in a sub-divided plot with 24 replicates. Two types of soil preparation were evaluated: one with plow and grating and the other only with grating; plastering (0 and 650kg / ha); and four doses of limestone (0, 600, 1000, 1400 kg / ha). Harvesting was performed 10 months after planting and productivity per plant was determined. Variance analysis and ScottKnott's test were performed to compare means. It was found that there was no significant response to any of the treatments performed.
KIDNEY LESIONS IN HIV PATIENTS. IATROGENIC LESIONS AND THEIR DIAGNOSTICS AND TREATMENT. Part 2
Authors: Rassokhin V. V. , Bobrovitskaya T. M. , Belyakov N. A.
Published: July 2018

Drug-induces and other iatrogenic lesions of kidney in HIV patients are inevitable upon ART and a therapy for the main opportunistic and concomitant conditions. Besides the direct effects of HIV, the side effects of drugs, such as acute renal lesions, crystal nephropathy, glomerulonephritis, acute and chronic renal failure, and functional renal impairments, are associated with poor ART efficacy and unfavorable prognosis and outcome. In the present paper, the morphological and clinical manifestations of ART-induced renal lesions are described. The main approaches to the early diagnostics of and screening for kidney lesions are suggested. The signiﬁcance of the most prevalent functional and clinical renal disorders routinely encountered by physicians is evaluated.
PROFESSOR V. M. UVAROV: THE ORGANIZER OF DENTAL CARE SERVICES IN SOVIET NAVY (on the occasion of his 125-years anniversary)
Authors: Chepik G. S. , Grebnev I. K. , Karpova T. N. , Soldatov I. K. , Lachin R. A. , Savitskaya O. A. , Ismailov S. M.
Published: July 2018

The scientific, pedagogic, and medical activities of Prof. V. M. Uvarov are describedbased on the available literature. During World War I, he was at service in Russian Army; then he worked at medical facilities in Crimea (assistant at the Department of Physiology and, later, at the Department of Surgery ofCrimeanUniversity). Positions occupied by him in the Northwest of Russia were Head of the Surgical Department of Municipal Hospital in Shlisselburg and senior assistant at the Department of Stomatology of I. P. Pavlov First Medical Insitute of Leningrad. He conducted research at Navy Medical Academy and S. M. Kirov military Medical Academy, contributed to the organization of dental care service in Soviet Navy before and during World War II, organized dentistry departments of Navy hospitals, developed advanced educational courses for dentists and courses for military medical assistants retraining into dentists, and contributed to Volume 6 of the monograph «The Experience of Soviet Medicine Gained During the Great Patriotic War in 1941–1945». In September 1956, whenNavyMedicalAcademywas fused withS.M.KirovMilitaryMedicalAcademy, the staff of the Department of Oral Surgery and Dentistry was reinforcedwith specialists in the organization of dental care services, including Professor V. M. Uvarov, Assistant Professor D. Ye. Tanﬁlyev and Candidates of Medical Sciences Yu. B. Gorskiy and V. A. Malyshev. This made it possible to expand the range of issues tackled at the Department. Prof. V. M. Uvarov was Head Dentist of Soviet Navy in 1942–1953 and of the Ministry of Defense of theUSSRin 1953–1954. His is the author of several monographs, including «Oral Injuries Treatment at Rear Line Hospitals», «Clinics of and Therapy for Osteomyelitis of Jaws» (1947), «Odonthogenic Maxillary Sinusitis» (1962), «Manual of Stomatology and Oral Surgery (1967), and «Odontjogenic Inﬂammatory Processes».
Leclercia adecarboxylata, a rare cause of soft tissue infections in immunocompromised patients, case report and review of the literatura
Authors: Botero-García Carlos A. , Gómez Carlos H. , Bravo Juan S. , Pescador Vargas Luz Angela
Published: July 2018

Leclercia adecarboxylata is a member of the Enterobacteriaceae family that has been isolated from several environmental and animal specimens, however it rarely causes diseases in human beings. It has natural resistance to several antibiotics, and has shown the ability to harbor and produce enzymes capable of hydrolyzing most of the antibiotics used in daily clinical practice, making its treatment a challenge when a strain with such characteristics causes disease. Here we report the first known case of infection by Leclercia adecarboxylata after a trauma with plant material, in a 69-year-old male patient, with poorly controlled Diabetes Mellitus type 2.
A clínica psicanalítica no setting hospitalar
Authors: Lima Lílian Magalhães Costa
Published: July 2018

Este artigo é uma pesquisa bibliográfica sobre a construção da clínica psicanalítica no contexto hospitalar e parte da obra freudiana para compreender a clínica psicanalítica e se é possível construir sua prática num setting não convencional, como no ambiente do hospital. Partiu-se da questão: é possível conciliar a prática da psicanálise ao contexto hospitalar? Para respondê-la, recorreu-se ao próprio Freud para entender seu percurso de construção da psicanálise e a autores que já abordam sobre a psicanálise no hospital. Por fim, foi apresentado um pequeno fragmento de caso clínico para complementar o trabalho.
A inclusão de surdos: uma reflexão sobre a educação bilíngue, divergências e pensamentos em relação ao processo educacional
Authors: Silva Roseane Cristina da
Published: July 2018

O presente trabalho se refere à inclusão de alunos surdos durante seu períodoescolar. Esse trabalho contempla uma entrevista com surdos sobre suas impressõesacerca da inclusão. Apresentaremos aqui algumas das dificuldades enfrentadaspelos mesmos durante a sua trajetória escolar, de maneira que esta pesquisa possapossibilitar uma reflexão sobre educação bilíngue e também sobre as divergências epensamentos que ainda estão postos em relação ao processo educacional.Acreditamos que esse trabalho possa ser motivação para novas pesquisas acercade mudanças no processo educacional de indivíduos surdos em prol de umainclusão que promova um espaço linguístico que fomente nesses alunos a aquisiçãode uma linguagem e cultura surda, atendendo-os em suas particularidades.Palavras-chave: Inclusão, LIBRAS, Surdos.
Caracterização hidrogeológica e hidroquímica das águas subterrâneas da região de São Gabriel, RS
Authors: GOFFERMANN Marcelo , VIERO Antonio P. , SILVA Eliane Born da
Published: July 2018

O presente estudo trata da caracterização hidrogeológica e hidroquímica das águas subterrâneas do município de São Gabriel, RS. Foram analisadas 55 amostras de água provenientes de 55 poços tubulares profundos de diversas localidades e variados contextos hidrogeológicos. A maior parte do território do município de São Gabriel é constituída por rochas sedimentares da Bacia do Paraná. Assim, os principais aquíferos possuem águas com composições químicas bastante diversificadas, refletindo variados ambientes deposicionais e composições mineralógicas. Subordinadamente, aquíferos fraturados formados por rochas granítico-gnáissicas do Escudo Sul- -rio-grandense ocorrem na porção sul do município. Desta forma, a qualidade das águas subterrâ- neas do município varia de acordo com as condições geológicas de cada unidade aquífera e com as relações entre elas. Na área, os elementos Flúor e Sódio são os parâmetros que comprometem a utilização das águas subterrâneas para fins de consumo humano, dessedentação de animais e irrigação. Cerca de 30 % das análises apresentam águas impróprias para consumo com relação a estes íons, conforme parâmetros máximos permitidos pelo Ministério da Saúde do Brasil. Os principais aquíferos da região, em termos quantitativos e qualitativos, são o Aquífero Rio Bonito (ARB) e o Sistema Aquífero Guarani (SAG), localizados, respectivamente, na porção sul e nordeste do município. As águas dos poços que captam destes aquíferos são de boa qualidade, potáveis e as vazões podem ser consideradas como as melhores da região .
Hidrogeoquímica e qualidade das águas superficiais na bacia do Alto Jacaré- -Pepira (SP), Brasil
Authors: BATISTA Ludmila Vianna , GASTMANS Didier
Published: July 2018

Estudos hidrogeoquímicos vem sendo utilizados com o objetivo de se definir as reações químicas resultantes da interação água-rocha que são responsáveis por fornecer as características naturais das águas superficiais, bem como indicar os efeitos da ação antrópica sobre a sua qualidade, e assim averiguar interferências na disponibilidade hídrica. Inserida na bacia hidrográfica do Rio Tietê-Jacaré, a sub-bacia do Alto Jacaré Pepira (SP) foi selecionada para este estudo devido a sua relativa complexidade geológica e inserção em uma importante área de recarga do Sistema Aquífero Guarani (SAG), na qual os recursos hídricos representam uma importante atração turística, especialmente para a cidade de Brotas (SP). Foram coletadas 17 amostras de águas superficiais, com o objetivo de determinar o Índice de Qualidade da Água (IQA), bem como avaliar sua composição química. Os valores de IQA variaram de 63 a 82, indicando que a qualidade da água pode ser considerada “Boa”. A condutividade elétrica apresenta boa correlação com as concentrações de sólidos totais em suspensão e sólidos totais dissolvidos. Quimicamente as águas da bacia são caracterizadas pela presença de HCO3 - como principal ânion, com concentrações variando de 4,12 mg L-1 a 44,50 mg L-1, e como principais cátions o Ca2+ e o Mg2+, com concentrações variando de 0,38 mg L-1 a 11,60 mg L-1 e de 0,55 mg L-1a 3,20 mg L-1, respectivamente, o que classifica as águas como bicarbonatadas-cálcicas ou magnesianas. A avaliação global das amostras possibilitou a constatação da pequena influência exercida pela ação antrópica sobre os corpos d’água, refletida nos valores de IQA e nas baixas concentrações de Cl- e NO3 - . A dissolução e intemperismo dos minerais presentes nas rochas e no solo da área de estudo são os processos geoquímicos responsáveis pela composição da água superficial na sub-bacia do Alto Jacaré-Pepira.
Utilização do Modelo HAND para mapeamento das áreas mais suscetíveis à inundação no Rio Uruguai
Authors: MENGUE Vagner Paz , SCOTTÁ Fernando Comerlato , SILVA Tatiana Silva da , FARINA Flávia
Published: July 2018

O objetivo do presente trabalho é apresentar uma aplicação do modelo HAND para mapeamento de áreas mais suscetíveis à inundação em uma área do Rio Uruguai e afluentes, próximo à cidade de Itaqui, Estado do Rio Grande do Sul, utilizando como base um evento de inundação ocorrido em 26/10/1997. Uma classificação de uma imagem LANDSAT 5, sensor TM, foi realizada visando gerar um mapa de referência com as áreas de inundação para comparar com as simulações do modelo HAND. A altura da inundação foi definida com base nos dados da cota da estação de Itaqui, localizada no Rio Uruguai, no dia analisado. As simulações pelo modelo HAND e o mapa de referência classificado pela imagem foram comparadas pela similaridade fuzzy, o índice de concordância Kappa e exatidão global. O valor de cota média diária da inundação, de 11,45 m, da estação de Itaqui foi fundamental para ajustar e avaliar a simulação de inundação gerada pelo modelo HAND. Tal valor de cota não é suficiente para inundar a área urbana do munícipio de Itaqui. Simulações de inundação de 15 m, 19 m e 23 m geradas com o modelo HAND apontam que as áreas oeste, norte e sul da cidade de Itaqui são mais suscetíveis à inundação. Considerando a disponibilidade gratuita dos dados e a obtenção rápida e satisfatória de resultados, essa metodologia pode ser empregada em outras regiões, podendo servir como uma ferramenta de planejamento e gestão em áreas de risco a inundações.