Uji Aktivitas In Silico Senyawa Amritoside, Tinosporaside dan Turunannya sebagai Kanditat Senyawa
Authors: Annisa Fitriyani Suryana  , Hilda Aprilia  , Taufik Muhammad Fakih  
Published: September 2022

Abstract. Diabetes Mellitus (DM) is a group of metabolic diseases characterized by a disturbance in insulin function that causes an increase in blood glucose levels (hyperglycemia). The -glucosidase receptor is a receptor that plays a role in the treatment of diabetes mellitus. This study aims to test the activity of compounds amritoside C, amritoside D, amritoside D tetraacetate, tinosponone, tinosporaside in brotowali (Tinospora cordifolia) in silico approach and to find out which compounds have the most potential as antidiabetic. The research was conducted by identifying the physicochemical properties of the test compounds using the swissADME server. After that, geometry optimization was carried out using Gaussian 09. Macromolecular preparation was carried out using the BIOVIA Discovery Studio 2021 software. Furthermore, the validation of the docking method and simulation of the molecular docking method used MGLTools 1.5.6 software with AutoDock Tools 4.2. The molecular docking results were then visualized using the BIOVIA Discovery Studio 2021 software. The toxicity test of the test compounds used Toxtree version 3.1.0 and through the PreADMET website. Based on the value of the free bond energy (ΔG) of Amritoside C compound which is -8.78 kcal/mol and the value of inhibition constant is 0.36 micromolar (µM), Amritoside D compound is -8.85 kcal/mol and the value of inhibition constant is 0.32 micromolar. (µM), Amritoside D Tetraacetate compound was -8.07 kcal/mol and the value of inhibition constant was 1.21 micromolar (µM), Tinosponone compound was -6.57 kcal/mol and the inhibition constant was 15.4 micromolar (µM), Tinosporaside compound is -9.04 kcal/mol and the value of inhibition constant (Ki) is 0.23 micromolar (µM), natural ligand is -6.16 kcal/mol and the value of inhibition constant is 30.28 micromolar (µM). The conclusion of this study is that the tinosporaside compound has the best affinity among the four other test compounds and a natural ligand (acarbose) which is -9.04 kcal/mol and the value of the inhibition constant (Ki) is 0.23 micromolar (µM), indicating that Tinosporaside has the potential to be used as as a candidate for type 2 antidiabetic compounds through the mechanism of -glucosidase inhibition.

Abstrak. Diabetes Mellitus (DM) adalah suatu kelompok penyakit metabolik yang ditandai dengan adanya gangguan pada fungsi insulin yang menyebabkan meningkatnya kadar glukosa dalam darah (Hiperglikemia). Reseptor α-glucosidase adalah reseptor yang berperan dalam pengobatan diabetes mellitus. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melakukan pengujian aktivitas senyawa amritoside C, amritoside D, amritoside D tetraacetate, tinosponone, tinosporaside pada brotowali (Tinospora Cordifolia) pendekatan secara in silico serta mengetahui senyawa yang paling berpotensi sebagai antidiabetes. Penelitian dilakukan dengan mengidentifikasi sifat fisikokimia senyawa uji menggunakan sever swissADME. Setelah itu dilakukan optimasi geometri menggunakan Gaussian 09. Preparasi makromolekul dilakukan menggunakan software BIOVIA Discovery Studio 2021. Selanjutnya, validasi metode docking dan simulasi metode molecular docking menggunakan software MGLTools 1.5.6 dengan AutoDock Tools 4.2. Hasil molecular docking kemudian divisualisasi dengan menggunakan software BIOVIA Discovery Studio 2021. Uji toksisitas senyawa uji menggunakan Toxtree versi 3.1.0 dan melalui website PreADMET. Berdasarkan nilai energi bebas ikatan (ΔG) senyawa Amritoside C sebesar -8,78 kkal/mol dan nilai konstanta inhibisi 0,36 mikromolar (µM), senyawa Amritoside D sebesar -8,85 kkal/mol dan nilai konstanta inhibisi 0,32 mikromolar (µM), senyawa Amritoside D Tetraacetate sebesar -8,07 kkal/mol dan nilai konstanta inhibisi 1,21 mikromolar (µM), senyawa Tinosponone sebesar -6,57 kkal/mol dan nilai konstanta inhibisi 15,4 mikromolar (µM), senyawa Tinosporaside sebesar -9,04 kkal/mol dan nilai konstanta inhibisi (Ki) 0,23 mikromolar (µM), ligan alami sebesar -6,16 kkal/mol dan nilai konstanta inhibisi 30,28 mikromolar (µM). Kesimpulan penelitian ini senyawa tinosporaside memiliki afinitas paling baik diantara keempat senyawa uji lainnya dan ligan alami (acarbose) yaitu sebesar -9,04 kkal/mol dan nilai konstanta inhibisi (Ki) 0,23 mikromolar (µM), menunjukan senyawa Tinosporaside berpotensi untuk dijadikan sebagai kandidat senyawa antidiabetes tipe 2 melalui mekanisme penghambatan α-glucosidase.