bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Caracterización de fiestas itinerantes en el paisaje salinero de Chile: la fiesta de la Sal (Cáhuil) y la fiesta de San Andrés (Ciruelos)
Authors: Orozco Salinas Karina
Published: March 2022

El paisaje salinero artesanal constituye una serie de componentes tangibles e intangibles, en donde las celebraciones pueden ser un factor de diversidad cultural en un mundo globalizado. Así, el interés de esta investigación es aportar data empírica de fiestas itinerantes en torno al paisaje de la sal de mar chileno que han sido exiguamente estudiadas. Para ello, se investiga la fiesta de la sal (Cáhuil) y la fiesta de San Andrés (Ciruelos), adscritas a las salinas de la zona de Cáhuil, con el objeto de caracterizar sus dinámicas territoriales y vínculos con la actividad salinera. La metodología se basa en trabajo de campo, entrevistas y estudio de casos, mediante un análisis descriptivo y cualitativo. Los resultados han develado la relación socio-territorial entre las celebraciones y el paisaje, siendo elementos dinamizadores y difusivos. Concluyentemente, las fiestas pueden constituir componentes diferenciadores, siendo fundamental su caracterización para mayor compresión del paisaje y territorio.

The artisanal salt landscape constitutes a plot of tangible and intangible components, where celebrations can be a factor of cultural diversity in a globalized world. Thus, the interest of this research is to provide empirical data on itinerant festivals around the Chilean sea salt landscape that have been meagerly studied. To do this, the festival of salt (Cáhuil) and the festival of San Andrés (Ciruelos), ascribed to the salt flats in the Cáhuil area, are investigated in order to characterize their territorial dynamics and links with the salt activity. The methodology is based on field work, interviews and case studies, through descriptive and qualitative analysis. The results have revealed the socio-territorial relationship between the celebrations and the landscape, being dynamic and diffusive elements. In conclusion, festivals can constitute differentiating components, their characterization being essential for a better understanding of the landscape and territory.
The “Other” Winners: The Excitement of Mock Newberys
Authors: Engelfried Steven
Published: March 2022

As we look back on one hundred years of the Newbery Medal, it’s fun to revisit the winning titles from past years. Remember when Out of My Mind by Sharon Draper won the 2011 award? And wasn’t it great when Jonathan Auxier’s Sweep was announced as the 2019 Medal winner?
REPRESENTAÇÃO URBANA E APROPRIAÇÃO CULTURAL: diálogos necessários para o desenvolvimento local
Authors: Almeida André Araújo , Alvim Angélica A. T. Benatti , Castro Luiz Guilherme Rivera de
Published: March 2022

Este artigo foi desenvolvido na disciplina “Desenvolvimento Local e Projetos Urbanos” do Programa de Pós-Graduação em Arquitetura e Urbanismo da Universidade Presbiteriana Mackenzie. A pesquisa tem por objetivo geral relacionar os estudos sobre paisagem cultural e sobre desenvolvimento local; e por objetivo específico debater a apreensão da paisagem, a construção do imaginário urbano na contemporaneidade e suas relações com a Escola Territorialista Italiana. Partiu-se da seguinte questão: As diferentes formas de apropriação da paisagem podem interferir no desenvolvimento local? Diante dessa questão, propõe-se um percurso de investigação teórico-conceitual dialogando com autores que auxiliem na compreensão do tema e nas reflexões sobre as tendências contemporâneas na construção de estereótipos, relacionando-os, ao final, à abordagem territorialista de Alberto Magnaghi. Tem-se como resultado uma melhor compreensão da contribuição de planos e projetos urbanos na apropriação do espaço e sua relação com o desenvolvimento local sustentável. O trabalho convida, por fim, os profissionais da arquitetura e do urbanismo a uma reflexão ética sobre a construção do imaginário urbano, cujas representações e interpretações dadas às paisagens podem ser usadas para valorizar estereótipos e construir estigmas sobre os territórios, ou, ao contrário, fortalecer o desenvolvimento local autossustentável e os territórios locais, plenos de vitalidade, identidade e apropriação.
As várias faces da inclusão: o caso do Centro Esportivo, Recreativo e Educativo do Trabalhador (CERET)
Authors: Libonati Priscila Fernandes , Dimitrov Stefania
Published: March 2022

O presente artigo tem como objetivo a investigação do Centro Esportivo, Recreativo e Educativo do Trabalhador (CERET), principalmente no que tange às interfaces da inclusão. No intuito de reunir as potencialidades não exploradas do referido espaço para indicações de intervenções tanto físicas como digitais, foi utilizada como metodologia: a coleta de dados; a vistoria “in loco”; a análise técnica; a representação dos dados e, por fim, o mapeamento digital. Deste modo, este trabalho procura evidenciar a importância da acessibilidade e da tecnologia para promover a participação de todas as pessoas na utilização do espaço público como o CERET, bem como demonstrar reflexões como as descritas nos subitens “Entre o muro e o gradil: A inclusão do CERET na cidade de São Paulo” e o “Potencial do uso da tecnologia para a inclusão”, para assim, contribuir com novas discussões acerca dos assuntos aqui envolvidos. Diante de todo exposto, este artigo resulta da experiência de um processo de aprendizado desenvolvido na disciplina de Teoria e Metodologia do Projeto de Arquitetura e Urbanismo ministrada pelo Professor Doutor Rafael Antonio Cunha Perrone.
Construindo as imagens da cidade: Campos do Jordão no século XX
Authors: Leite Marcelo André Ferreira , Simões Júnior José Geraldo
Published: March 2022

Este artigo apresenta de forma sintetizada a pesquisa Construindo as imagens da cidade: Campos do Jordão no século XX, iniciada pelo autor no curso de Doutorado em Arquitetura e Urbanismo da Universidade Presbiteriana Mackenzie no primeiro semestre de 2021. Serão apresentados uma proposta de periodização da história de Campos do Jordão a partir de marcos arquitetônicos locais – as épocas do ciclo da cura da tuberculose, do turismo de elite, de modernização e cultura e do turismo de massa – e a pergunta norteadora, os objetivos e o objeto da pesquisa, bem como uma parte de seu referencial teórico relacionado à hipótese e à justificativa, com exposição parcial da bibliografia adotada (ampliada em relação ao plano inicial), e métodos relacionados à pesquisa em fontes primárias que se encontra em andamento. Por fim, serão mostrados e discutidos alguns dos primeiros resultados, que incluem, além da já citada periodização proposta, linhas do tempo e análises iniciais relacionadas à arquitetura, ao urbanismo e ao ciclo turístico da cidade de Campos do Jordão.
Food products placement during COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Vučenović Sonja , Nuševa Daniela , Marić Dražen , Marić Radenko , Vukmirović Goran , Leković Ksenija
Published: March 2022

The COVID-19 pandemic has entirely changed the patterns of behavior in the market. Physical distance, quarantine measures, safety and security protocols, and shortages along the entire supply chain, have particularly affected the placement of food products. In this regard, the paper aims to define the impact of various indicators on the placement of food products during the COVID-19 pandemic. An empirical study was conducted on a sample of 248 final consumers. The survey was conducted during the third wave of the COVID-19 pandemic in the territory of the Republic of Serbia (February - April 2021). An online questionnaire was created and forwarded to consumers to e-mail addresses from the collected databases of trade companies covering the domestic market. The analysis was performed specifically for four groups of essential food products in a pandemic: meat and meat products, fruit and vegetables, milk and dairy products, cereals, and cereal products. The method of structural modeling (SEM) or path analysis was applied to test the first group of research hypotheses on the impact of indicators on the placement of food products. Multiple regression analysis was used to examine the correlation between subcategories of food products. The results showed a statistically significant impact of indicators such as safety and security standards, hygiene, product freshness, nutritional composition, and product quality. The impact of these indicators differs significantly depending on the analyzed product group. The obtained results indicate to the supply chain management which negative impacts need to be minimized to ensure timely placement of food products and more efficiently meet the needs of final consumers in a pandemic. Guidelines for future research are listed in the paper.
Effects of ascorbic acid and sugar on physical, textural and sensory properties of composite breads
Authors: Simić Marijana , Šimurina Olivera , Nježić Zvonko , Vančetović Jelena , Kandić Vesna , Nikolić Valentina , Žilić Slađana
Published: March 2022

The present study was carried out to demonstrate the combined effects of different maize flour, ascorbic acid and sugar on the physical, textural and sensory properties of composite breads. The composite flour was prepared using 70% of wheat flour and 30% of flour obtained from grain of differently colored maize - light blue, blue, red and yellow maize flour. Chemical characterization of composite flours made with four different types of maize was also assessed. Furthermore, the content of total phenolics, flavonoids, anthocyanins, phenolic acids and antioxidant capacity in composite flours was determined. A total of 12 breads were prepared, four of which were control composite breads, four breads with ascorbic acid, and four were breads with ascorbic acid and sugar. The content of total phenolic compounds showed clear differences among all composite flours. The anthocyanins content determined in composite flours was in the following descending order: blue>red>light blue, while in the yellow maize composite flour anthocyanins were not detected. The results showed that the addition of AsA (0.025%) and sugar (5%) negatively affected the volume as well as the specific volume of composite wheat-maize breads. The texture analysis showed that the addition of AsA in the amount of 0.025% had no impact on springiness, cohesiveness and resilience of bread crumb, while it increased crumb hardness. However, composite breads made with AsA and AsA/sugar showed a more compact structure, with a larger number of cells and smaller mean cell areas. AsA/sugar bread samples within the tested doses had the lowest springiness, which is indicative of brittleness and reflects the tendency of the bread to crumble when slicing. Results of the sensory evaluation revealed that the AsA and sugar addition had a generally positive effect on the investigated sensory attributes.
The trauma of Jasenovac
Authors: Antonić Slobodan
Published: March 2022

The Jasenovac War Camp is characterised by massive sadistic crimes, unique in history. Therefore, Jasenovac is not only our national trauma but also an equally serious trauma for the mankind and the Christianity. Jasenovac, maybe even more so than Auschwitz, raises the question of human nature and human will for domination over nature and history, while on the other hand, it actualizes the issue of understanding God's Providence and history as manifestation of salvation. The trauma of Jasenovac can be overcome first of all in culture - as a universal field of poiesis which includes art, philosophy, religion and science - and this paper is my own contribution to its overcoming.
RESPUESTA JUDICIAL A LA AGRESIÓN Y AL ABUSO SEXUAL: RELEVANCIA DE LOS FACTORES LEGALES Y EXTRALEGALES EN LAS SENTENCIAS
Authors: Tamarit Sumalla Josep Maria , Aizpitarte Gorrotxategi Alazne , Arantegui Arràez Laura , Romero Seseña Pablo
Published: March 2022

La investigación criminológica ha puesto de manifiesto la relevancia que tienen diversos factores en las sentencias judiciales, pudiendo ser estos de índole legal (y, por tanto, previsibles) o extralegal. El presente estudio analiza cuáles son los factores que influyen en la toma de decisiones judiciales en los casos de abusos y agresiones sexuales, a partir del estudio de las sentencias dictadas por las Audiencias Provinciales españolas en los años 2019 y 2020. El principal objetivo de este estudio es determinar el peso de las variables legales y extralegales en la decisión de condenar o absolver y en la determinación de la duración de la pena de prisión y la cuantía de responsabilidad civil. Se concluye que  los factores legales explican buena parte de la variación de las penas impuestas y que en la determinación de la responsabilidad civil hay una mayor aleatoriedad, pese a que los criterios que utilizan los tribunales son en gran medida concordantes en los dos procesos decisionales. Los resultados muestran además la relevancia de ciertos factores extralegales, lo cual abre vías de interés para la futura investigación.
ALBERTO RODRÍGUEZ. ¿TENÍA QUE PERDER SU ESCAÑO EL DIPUTADO DE UNIDAS PODEMOS?
Authors: Delgado Carrillo Laura
Published: March 2022

El pasado mes de octubre asistimos a la retirada del escaño parlamentario de Alberto Rodríguez, que hasta entonces había sido diputado de Unidas Podemos. La pérdida de tal condición se produce entre el ruido y la confusión que generan los medios de comunicación, por lo que estas páginas se aproximan a la sucesión de hechos desde la técnica jurídica para tratar de aclarar cuál es el alcance que podía tener la sentencia condenatoria de la que emana toda la controversia y qué efectos extrapenales podían derivarse de la misma sobre el estatus parlamentario del particular.
Processo de sucessão em empresas familiares: estudo de caso em uma empresa de médio porte
Authors: Blulm Luiz Felipe Magnago , Sarcinelli Adriana Recla , Laurini Matheus Machado , Souza Taislane Aparecida de , Ribeiro Jussélio Rodrigues , Silva Hettore Sias Telles da
Published: March 2022

As empresas familiares possuem importância na economia brasileira, representando mais de 90% das empresas formais do país. Contudo, esses empreendimentos possuem altos níveis de mortalidade e entre as principais causas está o processo de sucessão. Assim, o objetivo desse artigo é descrever o processo sucessório em uma empresa familiar, identificando similaridades com a literatura existente e expor os resultados obtidos pela empresa objeto desse estudo. Para isso, foi selecionada uma empresa familiar de médio porte, localizada na cidade de Linhares no Espírito Santo, que está há 28 anos no mercado e está passando pelo seu primeiro processo de sucessão. Foi enviado para empresa um roteiro estruturado com 17 perguntas para ser respondido pelo sucessor e pelo fundador. Os resultados encontrados mostram que a empresa está conseguindo realizar um processo de sucessão sem grandes problemas e, em parte, está seguindo o que proposto pela literatura. O que a empresa diverge do estudado até então, parece não trazer grandes problemas graças à estrutura de Governança estabelecida e a cultura empresarial ligada à cultura familiar.
Turismo e desenvolvimento territorial sustentável: o papel da dimensão institucional em Florianópolis
Authors: Ronconi Luciana Francisco de Abreu , Lopes Gabriel Bertimes Di Bernardi , Decker Rafaela
Published: March 2022

O debate sobre o turismo e o desenvolvimento territorial sustentável tem sido fundamental para a criação de estratégias que garantam não apenas desenvolvimento econômico, mas, sobretudo, desenvolvimento socioambiental. O objetivo desta pesquisa foi analisar se o segmento do turismo em Florianópolis, a partir da dimensão institucional (leis, decretos, planos e projetos), tem sido um eixo articulador de projetos inovadores de desenvolvimento territorial sustentável. O estudo aqui apresentado tem como base a abordagem do desenvolvimento territorial sustentável (DTS). Trata-se de pesquisa predominantemente qualitativa, com abordagens de caráter exploratório e descritivo, que utilizou a bibliometria e a análise documental para a coleta de dados. O mapeamento realizado em documentos oficiais do município apontou a importância, para o turismo, tanto da conservação ambiental e otimização do uso dos recursos naturais quanto do investimento em infraestrutura. Além disso, aspectos como os relacionados com o resgate da dimensão sociocultural do território e o despertar do sentimento de pertencimento também estiveram presentes. Todavia esses mecanismos de planejamento territorial ainda tangenciam a abordagem do DTS, pois não têm buscado inserir a problemática socioambiental no centro da gestão e do planejamento municipal.
Diagnóstico do controle da qualidade da produção na indústria de malharias e confecções de Teófilo Otoni, MG
Authors: Santos Adriano Roberto de Queiroz
Published: March 2022

Atualmente os consumidores estão cada vez mais exigentes, todavia, o cuidado em inspecionar os bens ou serviços adquiridos através da compra sempre existiu. No decorrer do último século, o conceito de qualidade evolouiu. Inicialmente, na era de inspeção, havia um controle apenas visual. Conseguinte, tem-se a era do controle estatístico,  que surgiu devido a produção em massa. Em 1950, surgiu a primeira abordagem sistêmica de Armand Feigenbaum, denominada controle da qualidade total. A gestão da qualidade, quando feita de forma eficaz, oferece muitos benefícios para uma organização, como: aumento na satisfação dos clientes, redução de custos operacionais, melhoria na produtividade, aumento na competitividade e melhoria na lucratividade. Para tanto, as ferramentas da qualidade são técnicas utilizadas para a análise e resolução de problemas que afetam o desempenho dos processos. O presente trabalho tem como intuito avaliar os impactos das ferramentas de qualidade utilizadas nas indústrias de confecções, em Teófilo Otoni - Vale do Mucuri e Jequinhonha/MG.
Análise no processo de manutenção de navios aplicando DMAIC e ferramentas de qualidade
Authors: Guimarães Glendha de Oliveira
Published: March 2022

As organizações do setor público são normalmente associadas a processos poucos céleres, burocráticos e que geram resultados tardios. Em função disso, têm crescido as exigências relativas ao desempenho dos órgãos do setor público com advento da facilidade de informação. Nos processos industriais ocorrem diversos problemas críticos e, para solucioná-los, muitas vezes as empresas não adotam procedimentos. Deste modo, este estudo tem como objetivo analisar e propor melhorias no processo de manutenção dos navios, com a utilização do Define, Measure, Analyze, Improve, Control (DMAIC) e as ferramentas da qualidade, bem como identificar as barreiras para a aplicação e as melhorias por meio dessa metodologia. A estratégia de pesquisa adotada foi o estudo de caso aplicado ao processo manutenção de navios. Com base no DMAIC, foram propostas melhorias no processo e sendo assim possível tomar ações de planejamento para atender a demanda por estes serviços. Serão utilizadas as ferramentas da qualidade para aplicação do DMAIC, Mapeamento do Fluxo de Valor (MFV), ISHIKAWA, Strengths, weaknesses, opportunities e threats (SWOT), 5 Porquês, 5W1H e Supplier, Input, Process, Outputs e Customer (SIPOC) para aplicabilidade na falta de padronização dos procedimentos, falta de visão sistêmica do fluxo do processo por parte dos gestores, deficiência na capacitação dos servidores e falta de foco no cliente final.
Morfologia urbana Angolana: efeitos sobre a dinâmica econômica das cidades do país
Authors: Kuassa Pedro Alfredo Kibinda
Published: March 2022

O presente artigo, elaborado a partir dos resultados parciais de uma pesquisa qualitativa sobre em andamento sobre a morfologia urbana angolana, apresenta uma análise sobre a formação urbanística do país e os seus efeitos na atividade econômica das cidades locais. A partir de observações de campo, que tiveram como suporte teórico os estudos desenvolvidos sobre a temática angolana no âmbito das cidades lusófonas, identificou-se que a forma urbana angolana afeta a dinâmica econômica das cidades do país, particularmente, a cidade de Luanda, pela seguinte mecânica: Ao se construir o espaço com base na autoconstrução não orientada quanto ao uso e à ocupação do solo, o meio tende a crescer desordenadamente. Isto ocorre pelo modo como as edificações se dispõem no espaço. Como resultado direto da prática de autoconstrução não orientada, está a deficiência do sistema de arruamento, que, por seu lado, dificulta a mobilidade, o endereçamento postal e a distribuição logística urbana, materialidades fundamentais à dinâmica econômica de quaisquer cidades.
Entrincheiramento organizacional: percepção de trabalhadores offshore
Authors: Contage Luiza de Souza Coroa , Souza Anizaura Lidia Rodrigues de
Published: March 2022

Esta pesquisa teve como objetivo geral analisar as relações estabelecidas entre o nível de entrincheiramento organizacional e a permanência dos trabalhadores em organizações offshore. Para o desenvolvimento deste estudo, foi aplicada uma pesquisa empírica mista de caráter descritivo. Na coleta de dados utilizou-se questionário eletrônico que alcançou a participação de 33 funcionários offshore. Os resultados indicaram um nível médio de Entrincheiramento Organizacional, M= 2,74 DP= 0,88. Analisando as dimensões do construto; Arranjos Burocráticos Impessoais alcançou média de 3,47 com desvio padrão de 0,47; Ajustamento a Posição Social apresentou uma média de 2,65 com desvio padrão de 0,225; e; Limitação de Alternativas obteve média de 2,44 com desvio padrão de 0,30. Foram encontradas ainda, correlações negativas para o Entrincheiramento Organizacional e a idade dos participantes (r= -0,22), bem como o nível de escolaridade dos trabalhadores (r=-0,29). O número de filhos apresentou uma correlação positiva (r= 0,12). Quando perguntados sobre o que os fazia permanecer na organização, as respostas se mostraram coerentes com os valores encontrados na Escala de Entrincheiramento Organizacional, os participantes afirmaram que salário, a estabilidade, benefícios e o bom relacionamento com a equipe são fatores importantes na decisão da permanência. Já quando questionados se mudariam de empresa caso surgisse a oportunidade, as respostas evidenciaram que sim. No geral, os resultados obtidos são desejáveis para as organizações e para os trabalhadores, uma vez que não se encontram nos níveis extremos do Entrincheiramento Organizacional. A apropriação desses dados contribui para um gerenciamento mais eficiente dos vínculos dos trabalhadores com suas organizações, convergindo em vantagens para ambos.
БИБЛИОТЕКА МАТИЦЕ СРПСКЕ НА ОСНОВУ БИБЛИОТЕЧКЕ ГРАЂЕ И ИЗВОРА ИЗ ПОСЕБНИХ ЗБИРКИ БМС
Authors: Зечевић Ирена , Радовић Александар
Published: March 2022

У овом раду, одабраним примерцима књижне и некњижне библиотечке грађе и извора представљена је прошлост и садашњост пословања Библиотеке Матице српске из Новог Сада. Историјат и савремени тренутак БМС приказан је каталогизованим и дигитализованим проспектима и водичима у издању Библиотеке, као и позивницама,фотографијама и плакатима који сведоче о раду Библиотеке Матице српске. Промовисана је фотографија седишта Матице српске када је БМС већ деценијама пословала у главном граду Војводине, као и плакати на којима је, заједно са другим установама културе, означена као организатор изложби у Новом Саду и Покрајини. Изложбени каталози објављивани су када је, деведесетих година 20. века, Библиотека Матице српске организовала програме поводом јубилеја значајних личности српске просвете, науке и културе, док се данас изложбе организују у електронском формату о чему постоје записи на сајту БМС. Рад документује различита информативна средства којима је активност Библиотеке Матице српске на каталогизацији и заштити српске писане грађе и извора приближена не само домаћој културној јавности. Водичи о раду БМС приказују пословање и функције Библиотеке као националног и завичајног ресурса штампане грађе и извора. Поменутим активностима Библиотека Матице српске потврдила се као значајан учесник културног живота у Србији.
У СУСРЕТ ПОТРЕБАМА КОРИСНИКА - примери из Народне библиотеке Ужице-
Authors: Родаљевић Драгослава , Маринчић Бојана , Мурић Душица
Published: March 2022

У време када се техника и технологија развијају невероватном брзином, пред библиотекама се налази велики задатак да буду што успешнији посредник између библиотечко-информационих ресурса и потреба постојећих и потенцијалних корисника. Самим тим библиотеке у главни фокус деловања стављају директне и потенцијалне кориснике. У раду су представљени пројекти који су реализовани у последњих неколико година у Народној библиотеци Ужице. Пројекти су усмерени ка слепим и слабовидим корисницима, информатичком описмењавању старијих лица као и информационој и медијској писмености средњошколаца и студената.
ЗАВИЧАЈНЕ ЗБИРКЕ У ФУНКЦИЈИ ПРОМОВИСАЊА ЛОКАЛНЕ ИСТОРИЈЕ, КУЛТУРЕ И ОБИЧАЈА СА АКЦЕНТОМ НА МЛАДУ ПОПУЛАЦИЈУ
Authors: Вуковић Оријана
Published: March 2022

Завичајна збирка, као мјесто гдје се прикупља и баштини грађа повезана са завичајем и локалном заједницом, изузетно је важна за формирање става популације одређеног краја о том крају. Веома је битно нагласити потребу развијања свијести код локалног становништва о важности прикупљања, чувања и пружања на кориштење завичајне грађе. Завичајна збирка би, издвајањем посебних колекција посвећених одређеним временским раздобљима битним за историју и културу локалне заједнице, требало да омогући информисање и подробније упознавање са тим областима и одређеним периодима. Такође, могуће је формирати издвојене колекције посвеће личностима или групама личности које су обиљежили једно раздобље одређеног завичајног простора. Становништво, које настањује одређени завичајни простор, требало би посредством различитих предавања, радионица, изложби или наградних конкурса припремити, упознати и подстакнути да се информише и образује о свом завичају, особама које су битне за његов живот, о развоју културе и обичаја. Требало би унаприједити рад завичајних збирки у складу са временом, извршити што свеобухватнију дигитализацију колекције, повезивање са друштвеним мрежама и приближавање млађим нараштајима.
KOMUNIKACIJA U ŠKOLSKOJ BIBLIOTECI
Authors: Alispahić Arijana , Begić Ajdin
Published: March 2022

Cilj rada je dati pregled osnovnih kompetencija i vještina potrebnih za postavljanje temelja kvalitetne komunikacije u školskoj biblioteci. Cilj je upoznati značenje komunikacije, istražiti i prepoznati vještine i kompetencije bibliotekara u ostvarivanju komunikacije. Jedan od ciljeva i zadataka školskog bibliotekara je i predstavljanje biblioteke korisnicima, široj zajednici. Rad govori i o konkretnim primjerima komunikacije i interakcije u školskoj biblioteci. Predstavljeni su i primjeri iz prakse kako bi se dao podsticaj za osiguranje što kvalitetnije komunikacije u školskoj biblioteci.
СВИЈЕТ И ВИЈЕК СРПСКЕ КЊИГЕ
Authors: Сударушић Радославка Р.
Published: March 2022

На прагу 20. вијека објављена је драгоцјена научна расправа Стојана Новаковића (Шабац, 1842 – Ниш, 1915) под насловом Српска књига, њени продавци и читаоци у XIX веку (Београд, Државна штампарија Краљевине Србије, 1900).
БОСАНСКА ВИЛА
Authors: Шаренац Александра
Published: March 2022

Вишевековна поробљеност нашег народа у Босни и Херцеговини, прво од стране Турске, а касније и од стране Аустругарске, оставила је страшне последице по нашу културу. За време турске владавине, српски човек на овом подручју је просто неписмени кмет, који не може сагледати краја својим мукама. О томе сведоче исписане странице наше историје и неисписане странице наше књижевности. За време аустроугарске владавине, мада долази и до неких позитивних промена, наш народ на овим подручјима је опет ограничен у слободи, како изражавања, тако и деловања.
Source depth discrimination using peak migration line of cross-correlation output in shallow water having negative thermocline
Authors: Li Xiao-Bin , Sun Chao , Liu Xiong-Hou ,   School of Marine Science and Technology, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi’an 710072, China,   Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Underwater Information Technology, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi’an 710072, China,   Key Laboratory of Ocean Acoustics and Sensing, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi’an 710072, China
Published: March 2022

In this paper, the peak migration line of cross-correlation output is utilized to discriminate the depth of an underwater acoustic source in shallow water environment with a negative thermocline through studying the modal arrival structure of the source at different depths. The discrimination can be done according to the position of the migration line when the cross-correlation delay is zero since the type of dominant normal mode is determined by the depth of the source. Firstly, using the beam output of a vertical linear array and the received signal of a single array element to do cross-correlation processing, a two-dimensional intensity image of cross-correlation delay versus elevation angle is obtained. Then, the peaks in the angle domain at different delays can be extracted from the image. The cross-correlation peak migration line can be achieved by piecewise linear fitting which is divided into two parts corresponding to the delay being less than or equal to zero and the delay being more than zero, respectively. Finally, the source depth is determined by the position of the curve where the cross-correlation time delay is zero. Theoretical analysis shows that the migration line is little influenced by the sound velocity profile (SVP) varying with depth, the discrimination threshold is determined by the lower-order normal modes, the identification region is determined by the thickness and depth of the thermocline and the higher strength of the thermocline is instrumental in distinguishing. The numerical results and the experimental results prove the method's effectiveness which can be implemented without SVP details or mode separation, or source movement.
Effect of stress regulation on electronic structure and optical properties of TiOCl2 monolayer
Authors: Song Rui , Wang Bi-Li , Feng Kai , Yao Jia , Li Xia ,   Department of General Education, Army Engineering University of People’ Liberation Army, Nanjing 211101, China
Published: March 2022

Based on first-principles calculations, the electronic structure, the transport and optical properties of TiOCl2 monolayer are systematically investigated. The vibrational, thermodynamic, and mechanical properties of TiOCl2 monolayer are studied by phonon spectrum, molecular dynamics and elastic constants calculations. All these results indicate that the TiOCl2 monolayer possesses good structural stability at room temperature and excellent mechanical properties. The electronic structure analysis shows that the TiOCl2 is an indirect band gap (1.92 eV) semiconductor. Its band structure can be significantly affected by in-plane stress. Specifically, the TiOCl2 monolayer undergoes an indirect-to-direct band gap transition under –4% uniaxial stress along the a-axis and the gap size decreases to 1.66 eV. Moreover, the TiOCl2 monolayer exhibits obvious anisotropy characteristics, and its electron mobility is 803 cm2·V–1·s–1 along the b-axis, whereas the hole mobility reaches 2537 cm2·V–1·s–1 along the a-axis. The wave peaks (valleys) of the absorptivity, reflectivity and transmittance shift toward the violet part of the visible band by the stress. All these appealing properties make the TiOCl2 monolayer a promising candidate for applications in optoelectronic devices.
Research on Single Event Burnout of GaN power devices with femtosecond pulsed laser
Authors: Cui Yi-Xin , Ma Ying-Qi , Shangguan Shi-Peng , Kang Xuan-Wu , Liu Peng-Cheng , Han Jian-Wei ,   State Key Laboratory of Space Weather, National Space Science Center, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China,   School of Astronomy and Space Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China,   Institute of Microelectronics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100029, China
Published: March 2022

The femtosecond pulsed laser is used to study the quantitative evaluation technology of the single event burnout (SEB) effect in GaN power devices. In this work, we establish two pulsed-laser effective energy transmission models for different device structures, analyzing and verifying the equivalent relationship between the effective laser energy and the heavy ion linear energy transmission (LET). The critical parameters of models are confirmed, including laser parameters and device parameters. The interface reflectivity between the layers is mainly considered. Meanwhile, the parameters are corrected by the multiple reflections between the interfaces, and the laser energy of the second reflection of the metal layer is considered. These measures can be used to reduce the error of the effective energy in the device active area. In addition, we validate the models experimentally. A gallium nitride high electron mobility transistor (GaN HEMT) and a schottky barrier diode (SBD) power device are used in the experiment on the irradiation by a femtosecond pulse laser. The effective laser energy thresholds and the laser equivalent LET threshold with two incident wavelengths of the SEB are calculated. The theoretical calculation value and the actual measured value are compared. The selcction basis of the laser wavelengths is given by the detailed study. The support for the laser quantitative evaluation and the protection design of the SEB in GaN power devices is provided by this work.
The photon blockade effect of a complete Buck-Sukumar model
Authors: Liu Xue-Yinq  , Cheng Shu-Jie  , Gao Xian-Long  ,   Department of Physics, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua 321004, China
Published: March 2022

The Buck-Sukumar (BS) model, with a nonlinear coupling between the atom and the light field, is well defined only when its coupling strength is lower than a critical coupling. Its energy collapses at a critical coupling and is unbounded beyond that value. In other words, the BS model is incomplete. We introduce a simple and a complete BS model by adding a nonlinear photon term into the initial BS model. Considering the rotating wave approximation, this complete BS model conserves the excited number and the parity. By expanding it in the subspace of the product state between the atom and the field, we solve the time-independent SchrÖdinger equation to obtain the eigenenergy and eigenstate. Furthermore, we explore the influence of the nonlinear photon term on the energy spectrum and the photon blockade effect for the complete BS model by calculating the excited number and second-order correlation function. Our study shows that, the nonlinear photon term not only eliminates the energy spectral collapse but also makes it well-defined and complete in all the coupling regime. When at the resonance between the atomic and the field frequency, the nonlinear photon term breaks the harmonicity of the energy spectrum and produces a ladder of the excited number in the ground state. Because the larger nonlinear photon term inhibits the photon transition from an energy level to the higher one, it produces the single-photon projection state in the larger coupling region. Accordingly, we find that the nonlinear photon term promotes photon blockade by calculating the second-order correlation function. When at the non-resonant region, the nonlinear photon term enlarges the originally anharmonic energy ladder. For a complete BS model with the fixed nonlinear photon coupling strength and the fixed detuning, the energy level for the positive detuning is lower than that with the negative detuning, and more energy is required to overcome the absorption of a photon. Therefore, the positive detuning promotes the photon blockade. For the negative detuning, the system is more likely to absorb a photon and jump to a higher energy level, and therefore, suppresses the photon blockade.
Radiotherapy for Plantar Fibromas (Ledderhose Disease)
Authors: Mozena John D. , Hansen Eric K. , Jones Paul Clint
Published: March 2022

Ledderhose disease (plantar fibromas) is histologically related to Dupuytren disease, which has been successfully treated for years with radiotherapy. Many conservative treatments have been advanced for plantar fibromas, including accommodative orthotic devices, which help but do not cure the disease. Surgery is considered the mainstay of treatment for this malady, but the failure rate has been as high as 100%, depending on the type of fasciectomy. Radiotherapy is a new, exciting modality that has shown promising results for treating plantar fibromas.
Clinical and Histologic Evaluation of Partial Achilles Tendon Injury Repair with Amniotic Membrane in Rats
Authors: Manti Nurettin , Guvercin Yilmaz , Mercantepe Tolga , Tumkaya Levent , Balik Mehmet Sabri
Published: March 2022

Background: Adhesions after tendinopathy in individuals who perform physical work and those physically active in middle age are a challenging problem for orthopedic surgeons. We evaluated the effects of human-derivated amniotic membrane on tendon healing, adhesions, angiogenesis, and the inflammatory process.

Methods: Thirty-five rats were divided evenly into five groups, and the left lower extremity was used in this study. No interventions were applied to the control group (group 5). In the other groups, Achilles tendons were partially cut to the midline. Then, primary repair (group 1), amniotic membrane treatment with no repair (group 2), primary repair and amniotic membrane treatment (group 3), or secondary healing with no repair (group 4) was performed.

Results: Use of amniotic membrane in tendon healing resulted in decreased adhesion formation and positive effects on collagen sequencing and anti-inflammatory effects. In addition, for the vascular endothelial growth factor evaluation there was no difference among the amniotic membrane repair groups, but there was an increase in vascular endothelial growth factor positivity compared with the control group.

Conclusions: These data show that amniotic membrane treatment can alter biological behavior and induce surface-dependent angiogenesis and can have angiogenetic effects on ischemia and inflammation.
An Infinity of Worlds
Authors: Kinney Will
Published: March 2022

What happened before the primordial fire of the Big Bang: a theory about the ultimate origin of the universe.

In the beginning was the Big Bang: an unimaginably hot fire almost fourteen billion years ago in which the first elements were forged. The physical theory of the hot nascent universe—the Big Bang—was one of the most consequential developments in twentieth-century science. And yet it leaves many questions unanswered: Why is the universe so big? Why is it so old? What is the origin of structure in the cosmos? In An Infinity of Worlds, physicist Will Kinney explains a more recent theory that may hold the answers to these questions and even explain the ultimate origins of the universe: cosmic inflation, before the primordial fire of the Big Bang.

Kinney argues that cosmic inflation is a transformational idea in cosmology, changing our picture of the basic structure of the cosmos and raising unavoidable questions about what we mean by a scientific theory. He explains that inflation is a remarkable unification of inner space and outer space, in which the physics of the very large (the cosmos) meets the physics of the very small (elementary particles and fields), closing in a full circle at the first moment of time. With quantum uncertainty its fundamental feature, this new picture of cosmic origins introduces the possibility that the origin of the universe was of a quantum nature.

Kinney considers the consequences of eternal cosmic inflation. Can we come to terms with the possibility that our entire observable universe is one of infinitely many, forever hidden from our view?
Cortical waves mediate the cellular response to electric fields
Authors: Yang Qixin , Miao Yuchuan , Campanello Leonard J , Hourwitz Matt J , Abubaker-Sharif Bedri , Bull Abby L , Devreotes Peter N , Fourkas John T , Losert Wolfgang
Published: March 2022

Electrotaxis, the directional migration of cells in a constant electric field, is important in regeneration, development, and wound healing. Electrotaxis has a slower response and a smaller dynamic range than guidance by other cues, suggesting that the mechanism of electrotaxis shares both similarities and differences with chemical-gradient-sensing pathways. We examine a mechanism centered on the excitable system consisting of cortical waves of biochemical signals coupled to cytoskeletal reorganization, which has been implicated in random cell motility. We use electro-fused giantDictyostelium discoideumcells to decouple waves from cell motion and employ nanotopographic surfaces to limit wave dimensions and lifetimes. We demonstrate that wave propagation in these cells is guided by electric fields. The wave area and lifetime gradually increase in the first 10 min after an electric field is turned on, leading to more abundant and wider protrusions in the cell region nearest the cathode. The wave directions display ‘U-turn’ behavior upon field reversal, and this switch occurs more quickly on nanotopography. Our results suggest that electric fields guide cells by controlling waves of signal transduction and cytoskeletal activity, which underlie cellular protrusions. Whereas surface receptor occupancy triggers both rapid activation and slower polarization of signaling pathways, electric fields appear to act primarily on polarization, explaining why cells respond to electric fields more slowly than to other guidance cues.
Bayesian machine learning analysis of single-molecule fluorescence colocalization images
Authors: Ordabayev Yerdos A , Friedman Larry J , Gelles Jeff , Theobald Douglas L
Published: March 2022

Multi-wavelength single-molecule fluorescence colocalization (CoSMoS) methods allow elucidation of complex biochemical reaction mechanisms. However, analysis of CoSMoS data is intrinsically challenging because of low image signal-to-noise ratios, non-specific surface binding of the fluorescent molecules, and analysis methods that require subjective inputs to achieve accurate results. Here, we use Bayesian probabilistic programming to implement Tapqir, an unsupervised machine learning method that incorporates a holistic, physics-based causal model of CoSMoS data. This method accounts for uncertainties in image analysis due to photon and camera noise, optical non-uniformities, non-specific binding, and spot detection. Rather than merely producing a binary ‘spot/no spot’ classification of unspecified reliability, Tapqir objectively assigns spot classification probabilities that allow accurate downstream analysis of molecular dynamics, thermodynamics, and kinetics. We both quantitatively validate Tapqir performance against simulated CoSMoS image data with known properties and also demonstrate that it implements fully objective, automated analysis of experiment-derived data sets with a wide range of signal, noise, and non-specific binding characteristics.
Dendritic branch structure compartmentalizes voltage-dependent calcium influx in cortical layer 2/3 pyramidal cells
Authors: Landau Andrew T , Park Pojeong , Wong-Campos J David , Tian He , Cohen Adam E , Sabatini Bernardo L
Published: March 2022

Back-propagating action potentials (bAPs) regulate synaptic plasticity by evoking voltage-dependent calcium influx throughout dendrites. Attenuation of bAP amplitude in distal dendritic compartments alters plasticity in a location-specific manner by reducing bAP-dependent calcium influx. However, it is not known if neurons exhibit branch-specific variability in bAP-dependent calcium signals, independent of distance-dependent attenuation. Here, we reveal that bAPs fail to evoke calcium influx through voltage-gated calcium channels (VGCCs) in a specific population of dendritic branches in mouse cortical layer 2/3 pyramidal cells, despite evoking substantial VGCC-mediated calcium influx in sister branches. These branches contain VGCCs and successfully propagate bAPs in the absence of synaptic input; nevertheless, they fail to exhibit bAP-evoked calcium influx due to a branch-specific reduction in bAP amplitude. We demonstrate that these branches have more elaborate branch structure compared to sister branches, which causes a local reduction in electrotonic impedance and bAP amplitude. Finally, we show that bAPs still amplify synaptically-mediated calcium influx in these branches because of differences in the voltage-dependence and kinetics of VGCCs and NMDA-type glutamate receptors. Branch-specific compartmentalization of bAP-dependent calcium signals may provide a mechanism for neurons to diversify synaptic tuning across the dendritic tree.
Antioxidant defense system in the prefrontal cortex of chronically stressed rats treated with lithium
Authors: Gavrilović Ljubica , Popović Nataša , Stojiljković Vesna , Pejić Snežana , Todorović Ana , Vujović Predrag , Pajović Snežana B.
Published: March 2022

Background

This study aimed to investigate the effects of lithium treatment on gene expression and activity of the prefrontal antioxidant enzymes: copper, zinc superoxide dismutase (SOD1), manganes superoxide dismutase (SOD2), catalase (CAT), and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) in animals exposed to chronic restraint stress (CRS).

Methods

The investigated parameters were quantified using real-time RT-PCR, Western blot analyses, and assays of enzyme activities.

Results

We found that lithium treatment decreased gene expression of SOD2, as well as the activities of SOD1 and SOD2 in chronically stressed rats to the levels found in unstressed animals. However, lithium treatment in animals exposed to CRS increased prefrontal GPx activity to the levels found in unstressed animals.

Conclusions

These findings confirm that treatment with lithium induced the modulation of prefrontal antioxidant status in chronically stressed rats. Our results may be very important in biomedical research for understanding the role of lithium in maintaining the stability of prefrontal antioxidant defense system in neuropsychiatric disorders caused by chronic stress.
Growth and survival among Hawaiian corals outplanted from tanks to an ocean nursery are driven by individual genotype and species differences rather than preconditioning to thermal stress
Authors: Henley E. Michael , Bouwmeester Jessica , Jury Christopher P. , Toonen Robert J. , Quinn Mariko , Lager Claire V.A. , Hagedorn Mary
Published: March 2022

The drastic decline in coral coverage has stimulated an interest in reef restoration, and various iterations of coral nurseries have been used to augment restoration strategies. Here we examine the growth of two species of Hawaiian Montipora that were maintained in mesocosms under either ambient or warmed annual bleaching conditions for two consecutive years prior to outplanting to determine whether preconditioning aided coral restoration efforts. Using coral trees to create a nearby ocean nursery, we examined whether: (1) previous ex situ mesocosm growth would mirror in situ coral tree nursery growth; and (2) thermal ex situ stress-hardening would predict future success during natural warming events in situ for corals moved from tanks to trees. For Montipora capitata, we found that variation in growth was explained primarily by genotype; growth rates in the mesocosms were similar to those in situ, irrespective of preconditioning. Variation in M. flabellata growth, however, was explained by both genotype and culture method such that an individual M. flabellata colony that grew well in the tanks did not necessarily perform as well on the coral trees. For both species, previous exposure to elevated temperatures in the mesocosms provided no benefit to either growth or survival during a warming event in the coral tree nursery compared to those grown in ambient temperatures. Overall, M. capitata performed better in the tree nursery with higher net growth, lower mortality, and was subject to less predation than M. flabellata. Our results show little benefit of the additional cost and time of stress-hardening these corals prior to outplanting because it is unlikely to aid resilience to future warming events. These results also suggest that selecting corals for restoration based on long-term genotype growth performance may be more effective for optimal outcomes but should be weighed against other factors, such as coral morphology, in situ nursery method, location, and other characteristics.