bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The main directions of sustainable socio-economic development of the Caspian littoral areas of the Republic of Azerbaijan and the existing environmental problems
Authors: Imrani Zaur T. , Mammadova Shakar İ. , Hadjiyeva Nasiba N. , Vysotskyi Oleksandr Y.
Published: December 2021

In Azerbaijan, since the earliest times, the Caspian Sea has contributed to the Received in revised form: 07.10.2021 settlement of population and structure of the economy. The favourable natural geographical conditions of the coasts, exploitation of offshore oil and gas fields and rich tourist-recreational potential favoured the economy of Azerbaijan significantly. However, sea-level fluctuations and environmental damage observed due to exploitation of natural resources served as curbing factor in the development. In modern times, planning of residential areas in the coastal areas, improvement of industrial, agricultural and tourism infrastructure, and successful management of the ecological situation are achievable through effective use of the natural resources and human potential of the Caspian Sea. The coastal region of the Caspian Sea, composed of three zones, is favourable for the development of Azerbaijan’s economy. Theattractiveness of coastal areas is related mainly to preferences of natural conditions and resources and the advantages of their transport- geographical location. As a result, the development level of the economy of the Pre-Caspian region is higher compared to other regions of the country. The region accounts for 88.7 % of the total industrial output in the country. The main part of it, i. e. 95.7 % is shared by the city of Baku. The cause of significant difference in development level between the regions and the capital Baku is associated with the use of oil and gas resources of the Caspian. Thus, offshore oil and gas reserves in the Caspian have played a notable role in the development of coastal areas, and of the country’s whole economy. This has led to inequality in terms of regional development. This factor prompted the need to study the role of the use of resources of the Caspian Sea in the sustainable development of Azerbaijan’s economy. In order to achieve the goal, a comparative analysis of the leading economic branches in the Pre-Caspian regions was carried out from a historical point of view. The obtained information was systematized, and the socio-economic aspects of sustainable development were identified based on statistical-mathematical materials. Aerospace data were used as well.
Assistência social e as comunidades quilombolas do Brasil
Authors: Souza Sidimara Cristina , Brandão André Augusto Pereira
Published: December 2021

Este artigo analisa o processo de operacionalização da Política de Assistência Social a partir da perspectiva do Sistema Único de Assistência Social (SUAS). A pesquisa que originou estas reflexões utilizou como procedimento metodológico a entrevista semiestruturada, aplicada junto aos implementadores e gestores da política de assistência social. A amostragem foi restrita a municípios onde se localizam comunidades quilombolas certificados pela Fundação Cultural Palmares, no território do Vale do Mucuri, Minas Gerais, Brasil. Dessa forma, nossa investigação deteve-se nos municípios de: Carlos Chagas, Ouro Verde de Minas, Pescador, Teófilo Otoni e Ataléia. Com a sistematização dos dados, concluímos que o acesso à política de assistência social é mínimo e desconsidera a identidade coletiva desta população tradicional. Mesmo sendo a política de assistência social reconhecida como direito, ainda é ofertada apenas para aqueles que são atestados como extremamente miseráveis e não para os que dela necessitam, reproduzindo o estigma de “política de pobre para pobre”.
Message Design of Printed and Digital Material to Meaningful Learning
Authors: Rahmi Ulfia , Azrul Azrul
Published: December 2021

This article reports on research a message design of printed and digital message in Learning Theory course at Universitas Negeri Padang (UNP). Survey was conducted to collect data on the utilization of instructional materials by students who ware active in the semester in January-June. The results indicated that the print instructional materials written by lecturers have started to consider the design principles message, but still needs to be improved. That principle has not been carried out for digital teaching materials. Digital teaching materials need to be developed to familiarize students studying in 21st century environments by optimizing the campus e-learning facility to be able to perform generative learning, and meaningful learning
Integrating Science and Religion at Malaysian and Indonesian Higher Education
Authors: Hidayaturrahman Mohammad , Sudarman Sudarman , Husamah Husamah , Kusumawati Ita Rahmania
Published: December 2021

This article analyzes the integration model between science and religion in Malaysian and Indonesian Higher Education. So far, the dichotomy of science and religion is considered to be one of the causes for the exit of the Islamic world from the Western world. In this century, educational institutions in the Islamic world began to re-select the integration pattern of science. This study uses qualitative methods, by collecting data through observation, visiting two higher education institutions studied, and conducting in-depth interviews with relevant parties, namely the International Islamic University Malaysia (IIUM) in Malaysia and Universitas Muhammadiyah Malang (UMM) in Indonesia. Data collection is also done by searching documents and referral sources in various data sources available online. From the research conducted, it was found that, integration carried out by Islamic universities in Malaysia and Indonesia was to open faculties and study programs without any religious or public claims. Everything is the same, and there are no restrictions on the rules for students based on religion to enter into it. So, education is inclusive, it can be for anyone. This model succeeded in advancing Islamic educational institutions.
Fostering Students’ Creativity in Academic Writing at Islamic Junior High School Koto Tuo, West Pasaman
Authors: Kamal Muhiddinur , Arrifaldi Muhammad Zainuddin bin , Rezi Muhamad
Published: December 2021

The current study aimed at 1) developing a portfolio-based learning model at Madrasah Tsanawiyah, and 2) testing the validity, practicality, and effectiveness of the developed learning model. The design of the study was Research and Development (RD) using a 4-D model (defines, design, develop, and disseminate). Teachers’ books, students’ workbooks, a learning model, and validity, reliability, and practicality test were designed to support the implementation of the learning model to the teaching and learning process in the classroom. The qualitative data were collected through observation, interviews, and field notes, while the quantitative data were obtained from test and questionnaires. The data then were used to develop a final portfolio-based learning model. The findings revealed that 1) the learning instruments of portfolio-based learning model such as teachers’ book, students’ workbook, the learning manual could be adopted to implement the model; 2) the learning model was valid, practical and effective. The learning model triggered students’ engagement to study academic writing. It is concluded that the development of a portfolio-based learning model motivated students to study academic writing. Therefore, using a portfolio-based learning model was recommended to discuss further in different research.
The Effect of Head Managerial Leadership on Teacher’s Professionalism
Authors: Istaryatinigtias Istaryatinigtias , Rusin Rusin
Published: December 2021

This study aims to analyze, test research hypotheses, and understand the effect of principal managerial leadership and teacher work discipline on teacher professionalism. Quantitative method was used in this study using a proportional random sampling technique. The total population is 154 teachers from 14 schools. The analysis technique used is descriptive and inferential statistics. The results of the study show that there is a direct positive influence of principals' leadership on teacher professionalism with a correlation coefficient (r13) of 0.891 and a coefficient of determination (r13)2 of 0.7939, as well as the managerial influence of principals. leadership on teacher professionalism with a percentage of 79.39% and a path coefficient (ϸ 31) of 0.072. Second, there is a positive direct influence of teacher work discipline on teacher professionalism with a correlation coefficient (r 23) of 0.830, and a coefficient of determination (r 23) of 0.6889, and teacher work discipline on teacher professionalism with a percentage of 68.89%, and a coefficient of 68.89%. path (ϸ 32) is 0.062. Third, it was also found that the direct positive influence of principal managerial discipline on teacher work discipline with a correlation coefficient (r 12) of 0.831 and a coefficient of determination (21) of 0.6805, as well as the influence of principal managerial leadership. on teacher work discipline with a percentage of 69.05% and a path coefficient (ϸ 21) of 0.831.
The Effect of Online Lecture on College Students’ Learning Achievement During the Covid-19 Pandemic
Authors: Ramadhani Khalilah
Published: December 2021

College student learning achievement shows a reflection of mastery of knowledge both in quality and quantity which is influenced by several factors. This study was conducted to determine the influence of lecturers' teaching factors, interactive media, and learning motivation on college student learning achievement during the Covid-19 pandemic. The approach used in the reseach is quantitative with 50 college students from three different universities as reseach subjects. Data were collected through a questionnaire instrument google form by method simple random sampling or randomly selected. Then analyzed using multiple logistic regression analysis technique with the help of SPSS for windows. This study shows the results that the teaching of lecturer has no effect on increasing college student learning achievement, but interactive media and learning motivation have a positive effect on college student learning achievement. This study recommends further research to examine the effect of lecturer competence on online lectures during the Covid-19 pandemic.
The Tajweed Competencies of TPQ Teachers and Their Influence on BTQ Learning Outcomes
Authors: Sartika Fitria , Ritonga Mahyudin , Desyanti Desyanti
Published: December 2021

This study was motivated by the importance of Tajweed to be mastered by a Muslim in learning and reciting the Qur'an, especially for TPQ teachers. However, based on certification test results, the Tajweed competencies of TPQ teachers were very diverse. Based on this reality, researchers had the interest to conduct an in-depth study on Tajweed competencies of TPQ teachers and their influence on BTQ learning outcomes. This study aimed to find out Tajweed competencies of TPQ teachers and their influence on BTQ learning outcomes in TPQ. This study used qualitative and quantitative approaches (mixed methods). The study was conducted on 7 TPQ teachers and heads as well as 20 TPQ students in Lamposi Tigo Nagari Sub-District Payakumbuh City West Sumatra. Data were collected through interviews, observation, documentation study, and written tests. Data were analyzed using qualitative analysis, namely data reduction, data display, and conclusion drawing, as well as quantitative analysis on BTQ learning outcomes in TPQ using Microsoft Excel 2007. Based on the results, firstly, practically, all TPQ teachers in Latina Payakumbuh City. mastered the Tajweed, but theoretically, not all TPQ teachers understood certain terms and rules. Second, BTQ learning activities were not evaluated in a clear and measurable manner. Third, BTQ learning outcomes showed the insignificant influence of the Tajweed competencies on BTQ learning outcomes. The Tajweed competencies of TPQ teachers only had a 19.38% influence on BTQ learning outcomes, while the remaining 80.62% was influenced by other factors
Study of the histological and anatomical characteristics of the human oral mucosa. A step towards the developement of tailored-artificial oral mucosa
Authors: Ibáñez-Cortés M. , Garzón I.
Published: December 2021

Several pathologies may affect the histological structure and physiology of the human oral mucosa, being necessary to use oral mucosa grafts. In this context, the scarce number of donors has increased the need to develop artificial substitutes of human oral mucosa, most of them, without attending to the histological differences found in the different anatomical areas of the oral cavity. The objective of the present bibliographic review is to carry out a histological description and a morphological classification of the human oral mucosa and to determine the translational potentiality of the new artificial models of oral mucosa.
Use of non-invasive ventilation (NIV) in patients with acute respiratory failure in emergency departments: a systematized review
Authors: Matabuena-Gómez-Limón M.R. , Leiva-Cepas F.
Published: December 2021

The aim of this study si to revise the use of non-invasive ventilation (NIV) in patients with acute respiratory failure in emergency departments.
A systematized database review will be carried out by the search of articles attending the presented subject following a unique approach; restricting the results to findings in the last five years either in Spanish or English. A research performed in paediatric population concluded that the early management of acute respiratory failure and the use of high flow nasal cannulae reduced the hospitalization period and the referral to specialized hospitals, and gave more independence to regional hospitals in its management; reducing, therefore, the number of patients needing the implementation of invasive procedures. With respect to patients with exacerbations of the chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and its early management in the prehospital care, an increase in the mortality in those patients who were exposed to high flow compared to the conventional oxygen therapy was observed. Following the results of a meta-analysis, no benefits were found in the use of high flow nasal cannulae opposed to the conventional therapy or NIV in the emergency departments, in terms of need for intubations, failures in the treatment, hospitalization and mortality.The data are inconclusive in all the studies analyzed and there is no agreement between the different authors. There is a scarce piece of bibliography regarding the use of NIV in the emergency departments due to the fact that the majority of the research are focused on the use of this techniques in intensive care units.
In conclussion, there is a diversity in the results of the revised articles according to the use of NIV in the emergency departments.
Evaluation of the Policy Arrangement of Street Vendors in Gembong Asih Center Surabaya City
Authors: Auliya Afifa Ulfa , Hertati Diana
Published: December 2021

Surabaya, as the second largest metropolitan city, has a long record in overcoming the problem of street vendors who are increasing every year. The existence of irregular street vendors is considered as a barrier in creating a safe, comfortable, orderly, clean layout. The purpose of this study is to describe and analyze the Evaluation of Street Vendor Structuring Policy in Sentra Gembong Asih Surabaya City. The research method uses qualitative descriptive with informant retrieval using purposive sampling techniques. Researchers chose bridgman & davis theory with four focuses: input, process, outputs, outcomes. The results of the study showed that the focus of input, supporting resources are adequate, and human resources are sufficient in number and ability. Focus process, said to be effective, efficient, and has been educated. Focus output, it is said to have not had a successful output in influencing policy goals. Because the existing policy has not met the expectations of traders. Focus outcomes, in the arrangement of traders Gembong Asih the impact received by policy targets has an impact on place and income.
Public Services Quality Analyze in The Tourism Sector in South Garut Province of West Java
Authors: Dadang Asep
Published: December 2021

Public services in the tourism sector are one of the most important parts to support the increase in the Human Development Index (HDI) in the economic sector. This requires quality services based on the government's development strategy through public policies that are linked to regional potential, especially the tourism potential of the South Garut area. Based on the results of research with a qualitative approach that the tourism potential of South Garut, both coastal and mountainous areas, is very potential and really needs the attention of all parties, especially the government to make public policies in the tourism sector.
A Feasibility Study for Housing Allowances from The Bandung Regency DPRD
Authors: Halim Farhan Rahmawan , Mubarok Mubarok , Mutiarawati Rina
Published: December 2021

An amendment to Regent Regulation Number 60 of 2017 concerning the Amount of Housing Allowances and Transportation Allowances for Leaders and Members of the Bandung Regency DPRD is regulated in Bandung Regent Regulation Number 23 of 2020, indicating that the percentage of increase in housing allowances for both leaders and members, where overall is above 30%. This is what underlies this research. The purpose of conducting this research is to test the appropriateness of the Bandung Regency DPRD allowances for changes in the amount of housing allowances. The method of calculation and data analysis used is to use attachment IIA of Regulation of the Minister of Finance Number 96 / PMK.06 / 2007 and also to use a macroeconomic approach by taking into account Government Regulation Number 18 of 2017 Article 17 which states that in determining it must consider the principles of appropriateness, reasonableness, rationality, standard local prices. The results showed that the change in the amount of allowance made by the Regional Government of Bandung Regency was quite large. This is because the advantages of providing allowances provided by the Regional Government to the Bandung Regency DPRD can actually be a loss, not only for the Bandung Regency area, but for the state. This can be seen from the difference in the calculation results, if multiplied by the number of board members, the number that comes out will be quite large
The significance of activist language policies in public debate – a concern for language planning agencies?
Authors: Landqvist Mats
Published: December 2021

This article discusses the relationship between official language planning and policies concerning language usage that are increasingly emerging in anti-discriminatory contexts. It is suggested that the social function of lexical meaning needs to be given more attention, i.e. the meaning that arises from a person's choice of words, especially in public discourse and debate. For this reason, it is further suggested that public debates be analysed with metapragmatic concepts providing useful links between lexical indexes to (ideological) loyalties and social identity or attribution of social identity. The notion of a diverse meaning allocation is contextualised in the principles governing official language planning agencies in Sweden. It is concluded that the prevalence of, for example, plain language principles in official language planning may be balanced with a more complex policy, taking a larger span of potential lexical significance into consideration.
The neutering neuter – grammatical gender and the dehumanisation of women in German
Authors: Nübling Damaris , Lind Miriam
Published: December 2021

Grammatical gender in German has traditionally been described as a rather arbitrary system (Helbig and Buscha 1988). This is not the case in regard to terms of person reference, where natural gender assignment is the norm: Masculine and feminine grammatical gender largely correlate with the extralinguistic assignment of male and female gender. Neuter gender predominantly denotes inanimate entities (Köpcke and Zubin 1996, 2009). The use of neutral gender in reference to women nevertheless has a long history in German, usually with pejorative connotations (Köpcke and Zubin 1996, 2009). Historically, this can be illustrated in relation to nouns, pronouns and articles: 1 By neuter nouns denoting ‘socially incomplete’ women, e.g. das Weib ‘woman (archaic), hag, n.’, das Luder ‘hussy, n.’ and in the increased use of neuter eliciting diminutives in reference to female individuals, e.g. das Mädchen ‘girl, n.’, das Fräulein ‘miss, n.’ (Nübling 2017). 2 Through the use of neuter pronouns and neuter articles in combination with female names in a number of German dialects, e.g. das Emma, es ‘the (n.) Emma, it’ (Busley and Fritzinger 2018). In contemporary standard German, the use of neuter articles and pronouns instead of feminine ones seems to be used as a discursive tool to denigrate and dehumanise women whose gender performance does not conform with hegemonic concepts of femininity. This paper focuses on the intentional manipulation of grammatical gender in reference to women as a tool of degradation and dehumanisation and outlines the historical development of neuter forms of reference in contexts where feminine would be expected.
Homing in on HATE: Critical Discourse Studies of Hate Speech, Discrimination and Inequality in the Digital Age Edited by G. Balirano and B. Hughes (2020)
Authors: Demasi Mirko A.
Published: December 2021

Homing in on HATE: Critical Discourse Studies of Hate Speech, Discrimination and Inequality in the Digital Age Edited by G. Balirano and B. Hughes (2020) Napoli, Italy: Paolo Loffredo Editore srl, 267 pp.
Interview with Gordon Henry
Authors: Carbonara Lorena
Published: December 2021

Gordon Henry is an enrolled member of the White Earth Anishinaabe Nation in Minnesota and professor of American Indian Literature, Creative Writing and the Creative Process in Integrative Arts and Humanities at Michigan State University. He is the author and co-editor of many books and collections, including The Failure of Certain Charms: And Other Disparate Signs of Life (2008). His novel The Light People (1994) won the American Book Award from the Before Columbus Foundation. Following some of the stages in his career and personal story, which he kindly accepted to share with me, this interview highlights some of the crucial key issues concerning Native American people and cultures, questions that still need a wider transnational space both inside and outside academia. Discrimination based on language has influenced the history of Native American people for centuries, starting from the forced education of the young in the 19th century and continuing in the 20th, in the context of Hollywood film productions. Linguicism, language-based racism (Phillipson 1992), is a topic that needs to be addressed in the light of the recent flourishing of extremist thought worldwide, which carries the abused rhetoric of ‘us vs them’ (van Dijk 2015) and, at the same time, spurs protest movements. This reflection goes hand-in-hand with the controversial topic of the appropriation of Native American cultural practices by old and new wannabes (non-people who are so much fascinated by Native American cultures that end up imitating them by, for example, choosing a Native name or emphasising certain aspects of the culture which they admire, often basing their beliefs on stereotypes), whilst people living in the Reservations are still neglected and the Native American and Alaskan Native population register extremely high suicide, homicide and alcoholism rates compared to the U.S. all races population (especially women). But, the efforts and educational programs aimed to preserve languages and cultures (like the Lakota Language Consortium or the Rosetta Stone Endangered Language programs), the vibrancy of the artistic scene in the visual, literary and music fields, the various forms of activism and community engagement projects (such as, for example, the MMIWG movement – Missing and Murdered Indigenous Women and Girls – the water protectors protest at Standing Rock, known as #NoDapl, or the prayerful journey called Run4Salmon in California) are also to be acknowledged as milestones in the process of regaining self-sovereignty by Native people. Against the background of these considerations, I am pleased and honoured to share thoughts, feelings and emotions with Gordon Henry.
Wzorzec aktywności kobiety na polu oświaty w Galicji w drugiej połowie XIX wieku na przykładzie Zofii Romanowiczówny
Authors:   Uniwersytet Jana Kochanowskiego w Kielcach, Polska, Świetlik Katarzyna
Published: December 2021

The article presents the profile of Zofia Romanowiczówna, Polish social activist, member of Lviv women’s associations, with particular emphasis on her professional activity. She was one of the distinguished figures, especially in the social and patriotic field. She was part of the developing women’s movements. The history of her family and her background are briefly presented. The article uses the materials authored by herself – a diary, as well as archives from foreign and domestic centers.
Z dziejów polskiego konserwatyzmu. Od Józefa Kalasantego Szaniawskiego do krakowskich stańczyków
Authors:   Uniwersytet im. Adama Mickiewicza w Poznaniu, Polska, Menz Mariusz
Published: December 2021

The article presents the political thought of the most important Polish conservative thinkers of the nineteenth century, starting with Józef Kalasanty Szaniawski and Józef Gołuchowski, through the so-called Kraków circle (Antoni Zygmunt Helcel, Paweł Popiel, Maurycy Mann), ending with Stańczycy political faction. The author devotes the most attention to the latter, focusing not only on the presentation of the faction’s political assumptions, but also on the phenomenon of this group, the name of which later became a synonym for the entire nineteenth-century Galician conservatism.
Legenda Piotra Skargi w świetle galicyjskiej prasy doby autonomicznej
Authors:   Uniwersytet Rzeszowski, Polska, Biesiadecka Elżbieta
Published: December 2021

The article deals with two positive visions of Piotr Skarga (as an important figure in the national history) created in literature: romantic and positivist ones, and their impact on journalism. The interest in his figure on the part of the Galician press took place on the occasion of the 300th anniversary of the priest’s death and the organization of Skarga Congress in Kraków. The analyzed magazines, regardless of their political affinities, considered and assessed various aspects of Skarga’s activity: political, religious, social and literary-linguistic ones. The presentation of the characters often reflected the socio-political views of the press circles.
Постать Вільгельма фон Габсбурга (Василя Вишиваного) у спогадах і історичних дослідженнях XX – поч. XXI ст.
Authors:   Państwowy Uniwersytet Pedagogiczny im. Iwana Franki w Drohobyczu, Ukraina, Лазурко Лідія
Published: December 2021

The purpose of the research – is to demonstrate how the historiographic image of Wilhelm von Habsburg, known as Colonel Vasyl Vyshyvanyi, was constructed on the basis of sources of personal origin and historiography materials that were deposited during the XX century. In the first time in historiography shown as the as the story of the Austrian archduke, who decided to change his national identity and chose for himself the image of a fighter for the will of Ukraine, unfolded and mythologized. The history of the life of the Austrian Archduke Wilhelm von Habsburg-Lötringen has in recent years been enriched by a number of thorough studies. The main issue of this research was the question of choosing a Ukrainian national identity. The construction of the Ukrainian legend Vasyl Vyshyvany in the historiography began, based on his own autobiography. As the accumulation of source and scientific material, the question of the vision of the hero evolved: from explaining the circumstances of change of national self-identification to exploring the motives of this step. Changes in the interpretation of this issue were also outlined and brought to the cultural and philosophical research field.
The beginnings of Studium Ruthenum. A contribution to the history of the ukrainian education in Galicia, 1779–1787
Authors:   Uniwersytet Jagielloński, Kraków, Polska, Moklak Jarosław
Published: December 2021

This article describes the beginnings of Studium Ruthenum, the Institute of Theology and Philosophy, operating within the University of Lviv. The background for the analysis is the educational reforms carried out in Austria by Maria Theresa and Joseph II. The author focuses on the relationship between diocesan seminaries and the General Seminary in Lviv, and deals with the issue of the language of instruction and the teaching of the German language.
“The Boundary of the World” – The Beginnings of Tourism in the Bieszczady Mountains in the 19th Century
Authors:   Uniwersytet Rzeszowski, Polska, Organ Michał
Published: December 2021

The article fills the gap in the knowledge of the history of tourism in the Western Bieszczady, presenting its beginnings in the 19th century. This area was rarely visited, as it was not perceived as attractive; the beginnings of tourist “exploration” date back to the 19th century. The analysis is based on diary accounts, memoirs, press articles and the first travel guides. In the preserved reports, the Bieszczady Mountains appear as a wild, inaccessible area, devoid of the road infrastructure necessary for travelers. The wilderness of Bieszczady was traversed for sentimental, social, commercial, religious and health reasons, initially on foot or on horseback.
Stanowisko Afganistanu wobec przyjęcia instrumentów międzynarodowej ochrony praw człowieka, cz. I: lata 1919–1973
Authors:   Uniwersytet Pedagogiczny w Krakowie, Polska, Cenda-Miedzińska Klaudia
Published: December 2021

The article is the first part of studies showing Afghanistan’s path towards adopting international instruments to protect human rights. Based on acts of national law, Sharia law, and historical sources, the text analyses the conditions that, from the time of regaining independence to the fall of the Kingdom of Afghanistan, led the State to accept or reject international human rights agreements. The structure of the article corresponds to the research objectives, which are: to show the codification of human rights in the internal legal order right after regaining independence, the role that Sharia and Pashtunwali played in the adoption of international human rights acts, the attitude of Afghanistan to these instruments in the context of the internal political situation of the State. Special attention was paid to the understanding of human rights in Nizam Nama-e-Dowlat Alliyeh Afghanistan, Osol-e-Assasi Dowlat-e-Allia-e- Afghanistan, Assasi Qanun, Pashtunwali, the conflict of Sharia law with international law concerning the equality of women, freedom from torture and inhuman, degrading treatment, right to life and religious freedom, analysis of changes in the political arena of the State.
Money and currency within the context of social development in the territory of Slovakia
Authors:   Pavol Jozef Šafárik University in Košice, Slovak Republic, Červená Karolína , Vartašová Anna ,   Pavol Jozef Šafárik University in Košice, Slovak Republic
Published: December 2021

The term money currently refers to various modifications of the money forms, which historically have undergone their process of development. Applying the analytical, comparative, and historical method, the present article aims to identify the essential developmental aspects of the institution of money (term's content, functions, role, appearance/forms, interactions, legal aspects) in the context of their operation in the economic system with a pro futuro view focusing on the territory of Slovakia. The authors studied and analysed information from domestic and foreign sources, paying particular attention to the historical development of the form of money and currency formation predominantly in Slovakia. The authors conclude that today's money has lost its historical fundamental economic properties and raise the question whether it is only its other dimensions (psychological, political, technological, and others) that have prevailed.
Deformacja czeskiej demokracji liberalnej po 2017 roku
Authors:   Uniwersytet Śląski w Katowicach, Polska, Kubas Sebastian
Published: December 2021

In 2017 we observed the deterioration trends of the liberal democracy in the Czech Republic which had been present there for some time. The two highest-ranking politicians responsible for that decline are: Prime Minister Andrej Babiš and President Miloš Zeman. Their policies border on the deformation of liberal democracy, which can lead towards illiberal democracy in the future. The aim of the article is to analyze how their attitudes influence democracy in the Czech Republic. In contrast, the strong rule of checks and balances makes it impossible for the authorities to destroy liberal democracy. The methods used during the process of research are as follows: synthesis and analysis, the institutional approach. The article-specific bibliography includes Czech, English, and Polish source materials.
Zespół rzeczników Platformy Obywatelskiej jako nawiązanie do brytyjskiej instytucji gabinetu cieni
Authors:   Uniwersytet Rzeszowski, Polska, Szczepański Dominik
Published: December 2021

The aim of this article was to analyze the factors that influenced the creation and subsequent activity of the Civic Platform Spokesperson Team in the years 2006–2007. The subject of research was also the genesis of the institution of the Shadow Cabinet and presentation of circumstances surrounding the creation of the Civic Platform. The author's research intention was also to provide answers to the following questions: did the Team of Spokespersons contribute to an increase in public support for Civic Platform in the early parliamentary elections of 2007; did the activity of the Civic Platform's Shadow Cabinet improve the organisation of the political party's communication activities with its external environment, and did it lead to an increase in its advantage over its competitors?
Substantiating the pulse method for determining the time parameter of fire detectors with a thermoresistive sensing element
Authors: Abramov Yuriy , Basmanov Oleksii , Kozak Yaroslav
Published: December 2021

This paper substantiates the pulse method for determining the time parameter for fire detectors with a thermoresistive sensing element ‒ the time constant. The method is based on using the Joule-Lenz effect, which manifests itself when an electric current pulse passes through the thermoresistive sensing element of fire detectors. Thermal processes in such a sensing element are described by a mathematical model that belongs to the class of equations of mathematical physics. The solution to the differential equation of this class was derived using the Hankel integral transformation and is represented as a series relative to the Bessel functions. The resulting solution is used to construct a mathematical model of a thermoresistive sensing element in the form of a transfer function, which takes the form of the transfer function of the inertial link. To trigger the thermoresistive sensing element of fire detectors, a single pulse of electric current in the shape of a rectangular triangle is used. The integral Laplace transformation was applied to mathematically describe the response of a thermoresistive sensing element to the thermal effect of such a test influence. To obtain information about the time parameter of fire detectors with a thermoresistive sensing element, the ratio of its output signals is used, which are measured in the a priori defined moments. A two-parametric expression was built to determine the time parameter of fire detectors; a verbal interpretation of the pulse method to determine it was provided. The implementation of this method ensures the invariance of the time parameter of fire detectors with a thermoresistive sensing element relative to the amplitude of a single pulse of an electric current, as well as relative to the parameter that is included in its transfer coefficient.
Building an effective model of intelligent entrepreneurship development in digital economy
Authors: Ostrovska Halyna , Tsikh Halyna , Strutynska Iryna , Kinash Iryna , Pietukhova Olha , Golovnya Оlena , Shehynska Natalia
Published: December 2021

This paper explores peculiarities in the formation and development of intelligent entrepreneurship as a new social phenomenon of national economies and the imperatives of its manifestation in the economic environment. The relationship between intelligent, informational, and innovative activities that shape the environment of modern entrepreneurship has been established. A new understanding of the essence of "intelligent entrepreneurship" and "talent management" categories has been proposed. The value of human capital, the realization of intelligent capabilities of the individual is recognized as the basic value of intelligent entrepreneurship. It has been proven that in modern conditions the most promising for national economies is the transition to open innovation models. It is noted that the development and effective use of intelligent potential are due to the need to increase the efficiency of innovation, science, and education systems, which ensures the economic growth of the national economy. The structure of intelligent potential of entrepreneurship under the conditions of digital transformation of the economy has been built. Original views on the essence and significance of the talent management system are presented. It is noted that intelligent entrepreneurship requires a holistic approach. The classification of communities of intelligent practitioners has been devised. The system of management of advanced reproduction of the latest knowledge of business entities has been formed. The directions of digital transformation of intelligent entrepreneurship have been outlined. A system-integrated methodological approach to determining the Index of digital transformation of business entities has been devised. The study results build on the theoretical and practical aspects of intelligent entrepreneurship, contribute to the effective use and development of the intelligent potential of entrepreneurial organizations and their network associations.
Development an optimization plan for redistributing pension assets applying information technologies
Authors: Achkasova Svitlana , Malyshko Yevheniia
Published: December 2021

The issue of the significance of the role of information technologies in the pension system was highlighted. The information and communication model of the state regulation of financial support of the pension system in the market of non-banking financial services was considered. The essence of information and communication support of the risk-oriented approach to the system of accumulative pension provision, which involves preventing the information and technological probability of risks, was explored. The issues of development of non-bank financial institutions as entities of aggregate financial potential were explored and promising directions of increasing the efficiency of their functioning with the use of information technologies were outlined. The necessity of introducing the mechanism of information and communication provision of the state regulation of accumulative system of pension provision by means of mandatory payment of contributions to individual pension accounts and their further investment as an important component of social protection of the population was considered. The algorithm of construction of the mechanism of information and communication provision of the risk-oriented approach to the accumulative pension system was proposed. The main indicators of the implementation of the accumulative component of the pension system were analyzed. The need for the interaction of the elements of the risk-oriented system of accumulative pensions was substantiated. Information technologies of investment of pension savings as a long-term investment resource in interaction of elements of the risk-oriented system of the accumulative pension provision were considered. The needs of introducing a risk-oriented approach to accumulated assets to strengthen social protection of participants in the non-banking financial services market were highlighted. The results of the redistribution between the cluster proved a close relationship of incomes of population and long-term pension savings.
Determining the dynamic characteristics of elastic shell structures
Authors: Polyakova Irina , Imambayeva Raikhan , Aubakirova Bakyt
Published: December 2021

Building structures are very often operated under the action of dynamic loads, both natural and man-made. The calculation of structures under the influence of static loads has been quite widely studied in detail. When structures are exposed to dynamic loads, additional tests are carried out, where measuring instruments are installed on the structures to register stresses and deformations that occur during dynamic influences. Elastic elements are the responsible functional unit of many measuring instruments. Therefore, the quality of elastic elements ensures the operational stability of the entire structure. This determines the increased attention that is paid to technology and construction to elastic elements. Previously, the work of elastic elements made of homogeneous mono materials with the same physical and geometric properties in all directions and over the entire surface of the element was studied.
The elastic element was considered as a shell of rotation with a complex shape of the meridian and various physical and mechanical properties at various points caused by uneven reinforcement. Two types of reinforcement were implied ‒ radial and circular. Elastic shell elements (ESE) operate under conditions of dynamic loading. The equation was derived for determining the dynamic characteristics of inhomogeneous elastic elements. The dependences of the first three natural frequencies of oscillations on the thickness of the shell and the depth of the corrugation and the first two natural frequencies of oscillations on the thickness of the shell have been analyzed. The amplitude-frequency characteristics (AFC) and the phase-frequency characteristics (PFC) of the shell depending on the geometric parameters have been calculated. All these results could significantly improve the quality of the readings of the instruments, which depend on the sensitivity of the shell elastic elements. And it, in turn, depends on the geometric and physical properties of the shell elastic elements.
Determining patterns in the formation of functional-technological properties of a fat-based semi-finished product in the technology of sponge cake products
Authors: Dikhtyar Aliona , Andrieieva Svetlana , Fedak Natalia , Grinchenko Olga , Pyvovarov Yevgen
Published: December 2021

This paper reports the development of a technology for a fat-based semi-finished product, which was used in the manufacturing of products made from butter sponge-cake batter. When combining high-oleic type oils, beeswax, and monoglyceride, the dense emulsion "oleogel" is formed, which can replace fatty products in flour products technology. The fat-based semi-finished product devised fully matches the technological functions of margarine.
The expediency of using sunflower oil of high-oleic type (90.0 %) was established, as a base for the fat-based semi-finished product, as well as the rational percentage of organogelators (monoglyceride, 7 %, beeswax, 3 %), which would ensure the production of a fat-based semi-finished product for the target purpose.
The feasibility of using a fat-based semi-finished product has been determined in order to solve two tasks: the introduction of a fat-based semi-finished product that contains high-oleic sunflower oil and has several functional benefits of a healthy diet. The fat-based semi-finished product devised could replace butter in the butter sponge cake technology.
It was established that the use of the fat-based semi-finished product ensures the production of products from sweet dough, characterized by the highest values of specific volume and porosity. Applying the fat-based semi-finished product makes it possible to increase the yield of finished products (shrinkage decreases by 19.5 % compared to the control sample, to 18.4 %). The parameters for storing finished products from sweet dough containing the fat-based semi-finished product have been substantiated. It was determined that intensive fat release begins on day 7 of storage of finished products. After 10 days of storage, the experimental samples of sponge cakes release 2.0 times less fat than the control sample.
The technology for making products from sweet dough using the fat-based semi-finished product has been developed.
Analysis of the nature of the composition substances of sour-milk dessert with plant-based fillers
Authors: Polishchuk Galyna , Kuzmyk Uliana , Osmak Tetiana , Kurmach Mykhailo , Bass Oksana
Published: December 2021

The nature and interaction of the constituent substances that make up the sour-milk dessert with plant-based fillers have been studied by the method of IR spectroscopy. This method is used to study the diverse nature of substances. The spectral range applied was in the range of 500–4,000 s -1.
It was found that the intensity of functional groups absorption in the range of 2,500–3,500 s-1 is due to the valence vibrations of NH-, CH and S-H-groups, indicating the presence of free organic acids, aromatic substances. In addition, in the spectra of sour-milk dessert with plant-based fillers, an absorption intensity in the range of 1,470–1,335 s-1 is observed, which indicates the presence of soluble pectin. Proteins characteristics in the samples are observed at absorption in the range of 3,300–3,500 cm -1, which is due to the valence vibrations of the N-H bond in the -NH2 groups.
The use of fruits in the form of a freeze-dried powder together with milk protein concentrate in the technology of sour-milk desserts helps reduce the content of free moisture, hence a stable structure.
Sour-milk dessert with plant-based fillers is a system consisting of particles of different dispersion, which will affect its physical and chemical properties. In particular, there is a slight coarsening of whey proteins and redistribution between particles in the range of 1–10 nm and 1–100 nm.
The use of plant-based fillers in the form of a freeze-dried powder in the technology of sour-milk desserts would not only improve its physical and chemical properties but also could make it possible to enrich the product with minerals.
The mineral composition of the sour-milk dessert is marked by the calcium content (122 mg/100 g), potassium (97 mg/100 g), phosphorus (82 mg/100 g), sodium (50 mg/100 g), and sulfur, iron.