bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Dependencia emocional en estudiantes de Medicina
Authors: Zárate-Depraect Nikell E. , Flores-Flores Paula , Martínez-Aguirre Eunice G. , Alvarado-Félix Esmeralda , Jimenez-Ramirez César R.
Published: July 2022

Objetivos: Identificar la dependencia emocional en los estudiantes de medicina de universidad pública. Material y métodos: Estudio cuantitativo, no experimental, exploratorio, descriptivo, transversal. Se aplicó la escala de dependencia emocional de Ancima, Caballero, Cirilo y Aguirre (2013) integrada por 42 ítems. Las respuestas se establecen dicotómicamente Si o no. La población se conformó por 332 estudiantes de medicina de quinto año de una universidad pública. La escala fue aplicada a 303 estudiantes una muestra no probabilística, por conveniencia. Resultados: De 303 estudiantes, 183 (60,39%) eran del género femenino y 120 (39,60%) masculino, con promedio de edad de 24 años, con una desviación estándar de 1,46. Solo el 2,98% fueron “estables” y el 90,39% con “tendencia a la dependencia”. Conclusiones: Los estudiantes de medicina presentan una marcada tendencia a la dependencia emocional. Siendo las mujeres las más dependientes.
EFFECT OF CATALYST PROPERTIES ON THE DEOXYGENATION REACTION OF VEGETABLE OIL AND MODEL COMPOUND TO PRODUCE DIESEL RANGE HYDROCARBON FUELS: A REVIEW
Authors: Nugraha Reva Edra , Sunarti A. R. Yelvia , Tehubijuluw Hellna , Mumtazah Zuhriah
Published: July 2022

The concern associated with the depletion of fossil fuel energy has opened up windows of opportunity for researchers to develop potential energy from renewable resources. The renewable green diesel with diesel range hydrocarbon structure has gained increasing popularity by removing oxygen molecule via direct or hydrodeoxygenation (HDO) and indirect or deoxygenation (DO) reaction.  The catalyst design is an important key to achieve the high quality of diesel range hydrocarbon fuels. The different catalyst properties effect to the distribution of deoxygenated liquid product, the catalytic activity and coke formation during the reaction process. The interaction between metal and support catalyst causes electron transfer to give the synestistic effect. The acidity and basicity play important role in C-C and C-O breaking bond in triglyceride and prevent the coke formation. The pore structure and pore size catalyst provide the accessibility of active sites alleviates the diffusion limitation of reactants/ products.
PENGGUNAAN MODEL GUIDED DISCOVERY LEARNING (GDL) TERHADAP HASIL BELAJAR PESERTA DIDIK PADA MATERI KELARUTAN DAN HASIL KALI KELARUTAN
Authors: Samudera Tyo Adi , Irhasyuarna Yudha , Mahdian Mahdian
Published: July 2022

Penelitian tentang penggunaan model guided discovery learning pada materi kelarutan dan hasil kali kelarutan telah dilakukan di kelas XI IPA SMA Negeri 3 Banjarmasin. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui perbedaan hasil belajar dan kemampuan berpikir kritis peserta didik terhadap penggunaan model guided discovery learning dengan model ekspositori. Rancangan penelitian menggunakan model kuasi eksperimen dengan desain non equivalent control group design. Sampel dua kelas XI IPA dari populasi tiga kelas XI IPA yang ada di SMA Negeri 3 Banjarmasin. Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan instrumen tes dan non tes yaitu tes hasil belajar, tes keterampilan berpikir kritis, dan lembar observasi sikap peserta didik. Instrumen tes mempunyai nilai validitas 1 untuk semua instrumen, nilai reliabilitas 0,50 instrumen tes hasil belajar dan 0,99 untuk instrumen tes keterampilan berpikir kritis. Teknik analisis data menggunakan analisis deskriptif dan analisis inferensial. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat perbedaan secara signifikan pada hasil belajar dan keterampilan berpikir kritis peserta didik yang menggunakan model guided discovery learning  dengan model ekspositori. Terlihat dari analisis inferensial uji t, dimana thitung > ttabel pada nilai pasca-tes hasil belajar dan keterampilan berpikir kritis.
Improving Gender Equality in China Through Education: Redistribution and Recognition
Authors: Cao Yiyao
Published: July 2022

This paper focus on China’s development in education and its relationship with gender equality within the nation from the 1940s to current years, examining its progress and challenges, as well as attempts made through the challenges and underestimated aspects.
Properties of Bound Electron Pairs
Authors: Szeftel Jacob
Published: July 2022

The energies of spin singlet and triplet bound electron pairs are reckoned for electrons interacting through the Coulomb interaction, while sitting on neigbouring lattice sites. It is concluded that triplet pairs are unlikely to be observed due to screening. The interplay of inter-electron couplings of different spatial range is investigated. High-pressure induced superconductivity is analysed and qualitative agreement is achieved with observed results by working out the dependence of the critical temperature on the microscopic parameters, characterising the electron motion. This approach can be applied to other kinds of inter-electron interactions.
Investigating the Effect of Acanthaster planci Extractions for Anti-enzymatic and Anti-human Pathogenic Activity
Authors: Siro Galana
Published: July 2022

Crown of thorns starfish (Acanthaster planci) are coral predators with advantages of having toxicity in their venom and tissue regeneration capabilities. With all these characteristics, only a handful of studies have highlighted the association of microorganisms with this organism. Crown of thorns starfish are common in Fiji and their analyses of microbial diversity for secondary metabolites could be of great interest to the scientific community. This study is an attempt to investigate Fijian-based A. planci for their venom and associated actinomycetes antibacterial activity and further identify the type of enzymes present in the crude venom extract. The CoTS venom extract (0.192 g) harbor enzymes such as gelatinase, caesinase, and amylase. An abundant and potent actinomycete strain, represented as FJA1 showed antibacterial activity against Enterococcus faecium with an inhibition zone of 10 mm. Moreover, all pathogenic test microorganisms were resistant against concentrations of 500 µg and 1 mg of A. planci venom extract.
The Silima-Lima Waterfall’s Potential as Halal Tourism: A SWOT Analysis
Authors: Napitupulu Rodame Monitorir , Lubis Delima Sari , Silitonga Juliansyah
Published: July 2022

This study aims to determine the strengths of the halal tourism potential of Silima-lima Waterfall, to find out the weaknesses of the halal tourism potential of Silima-lima Waterfall, to find out the opportunities possessed by the halal tourism potential of Silima-lima Waterfall, to find out the threat that is owned by the halal tourism potential of Silima-lima Waterfall. This research is descriptive qualitative research, the analytical method used is the SWOT analysis technique. Data collection techniques used are observation, in-depth interviews, and documentation, the validity of the data used is member check. Based on the results of the study, it is known that Silima-lima Waterfall tourism has some strengths in the form of uniqueness and beauty of the waterfall, the weakness of Silima-lima Waterfall is that many facilities in the jogging track area are damaged, especially the guardrail, of course, this will endanger tourists. The Silima-lima Waterfall has the opportunity to become a pioneer as a halal tourist destination in the South of Tapanuli Regency. Unfortunately, Silima-lima Waterfall also has a threat in the form of a lack of public understanding about halal tourism, lack of readiness of human resources to support the realization of halal tourist destinations.

 
Getting the Message: The Declining Trend in Opioid Prescribing for Minor Orthopaedic Injuries in Children and Adolescents
Authors: Krakow Arielle R. , Talwar Divya , Mehta Nishank N. , Gandhi Jigar S. , Flynn John M.
Published: July 2022

Background:

Opioids constitute the fastest-growing drug problem among children and adolescents in the United States. Recent heavy media coverage on the opioid prescription epidemic has garnered increased attention from prescribers and policymakers. The purpose of this study was to analyze trends in opioid prescribing for nonoperatively managed pediatric fractures and dislocations in order to examine changes in opioid-prescribing patterns across various U.S. regions.

Methods:

A retrospective review of the national Pediatric Health Information System (PHIS) database comprising 42 pediatric hospitals was performed to identify pediatric fractures and dislocations presenting to the emergency department (ED) or outpatient clinics from 2004 to 2017. We included patients with the 10 most frequently encountered diagnoses who were nonoperatively managed and were discharged home the same day. To account for hospital variation, we utilized a mixed-effects logistic regression model.

Results:

The final cohort included 134,931 patients, with a mean age (and standard deviation) of 12.57 ± 2.00 years (range, 10 to 18 years); 69.23% of patients were male. Overall, 51.69% of patients were prescribed at least 1 opioid dose during their ED or clinic visits. Of the patients receiving opioids, 72.04% were male and 54.10% were insured through a private insurance plan. When prescription trends were compared according to regions, children were more likely to be prescribed opioids in the South (71.37% more likely) and the Midwest (26.17% more likely) than in the Northeast.

Conclusions:

Although the opioid prescription rates in all 4 regions have decreased dramatically over the years, some regions were quicker than others in responding to the opioid epidemic. A significant interregional variability in opioid-prescribing practices still exists, but an overall downward trend in opioid prescription rates for acute pain management in conservatively treated pediatric fractures and dislocations is evidence of progress in tackling the opioid crisis.

Clinical Relevance:

Opioid-related misuse is a national epidemic and reducing the use of opioids in pediatric orthopaedic procedures is critical. Although regional variability in opioid-prescribing practices still exists, an overall downward trend in opioid prescription rates for acute pain management in conservatively treated pediatric fractures and dislocations is evidence of progress in tackling the opioid crisis.
RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN BOARD INDEPENDENCE AND CSR SPENDING OF ISLAMIC BANKS IN BANGLADESH
Authors: Umar Umar Habibu
Published: July 2022

This study examines the relationship between board independence and CSR expenditures on education, health and human and disaster relief for the case of Islamic banks in Bangladesh, Using unbalanced panel data from 2010 to 2020, the results indicate that board independence is positively and significantly associated with CSR expenditures on education and human and disaster relief sectors but is insignificantly related to the CSR expenditure on health. Thus, in forming the governance framework of Islamic banks, there is a need to have board independence to promote the social responsibility of Islamic banks.  Indeed, our results suggest that it should be a regulatory requirement.
Anomaly Detection with Improved Data Accuracy and False Positive Reduction in Distributed Wireless Sensor Network
Authors: S Arul Jothi , R Venkatesan
Published: July 2022

The authors have requested that this preprint be removed from Research Square.
Prevalence, Morpho-Histopathological Identification, Clinical Picture, and the Role of Lernanthropus kroyeri to Alleviate the Zinc Toxicity in Moron labrax
Authors: Zaid Attia A. Abou , Rehab R. Abd EL Maged , Rasheed Nesma , Mansour Dina Mohamed , Mahboub Heba
Published: July 2022

The present context is the pioneer attempt to verify the ability of copepod, Lernanthropus kroyeri, L. kroyeri, to uptake and accumulate heavy metals. We primarily assess the prevalence of the parasite in various seasons, clinical signs, and post-mortem changes in sea bass (Moron labrax). Morphological features of the parasite using a light microscope, bioaccumulation of heavy metals in tissues of both L. kroyeri and M. labrax (gills, muscles) using Flame Atomic Absorption Spectrometry, and histopathological alterations were monitored. Fish (n = 200) were obtained from Ezbet Elborg and examined for the parasite, L. kroyeri. Results revealed that the total infection recorded 86%. The infested fish exhibited excessive mucous and ulceration at the site of attachment. The post-mortem lesion in gills was marbling appearance with destructed filaments. Various heavy metals (Zn, Co, Cu, and Cd) were detected in the tissues of L. kroyeri and M. labrax and surprisingly, L. kroyeri had the ability to uptake and accumulate a high amount of Zn in its tissues. Infested fish accumulated less concentration of Zn in their tissue compared to the non-infested ones. Within the host tissue, the accumulation of Zn was higher in gills compared to muscles. Histopathological findings demonstrated scattered parasitic elements with destruction of gill lamellae. Taken together, we clearly highlight the potential role of L. kroyeri to eliminate Zn and it can be utilized as a bio-indicator for metal monitoring studies for sustaining aquaculture.
Clinical Features of Germline Variations in Breast Cancer Patients Revealed by BRCA1 and BRCA2 Genes Using Next Generation Sequencing
Authors: Swellam Menha , Khalifa Mohamed K , Nageeb Amira , Mahmoud Magda Sayed , Hashim Maha , Alshazly Aliaa-Alisslam I. A. , Mahfouz Magdy E , Sobeih Mohamed Emam , Arab Lobna ezz El
Published: July 2022

Background. Breast cancer is among the most common female cancers worldwide according to WHO 2020 data. Breast cancer tumor suppressor genes (BRCA1 and BRCA2) are the most susceptibility genes for breast cancer. Thus, authors aimed to detect germline mutations of BRCA1 and BRCA2 genes among Egyptian female breast cancer patients. Methods. Blood samples were collected from primary breast cancer patients (n=22), benign breast lesions (n=5) and healthy control (n=7). Then DNA was extracted and germline mutational profiling of BRCA1 and BRCA2 were studied using next generation sequencer (Ion Torrent personal Genome Machine [PGM]).Results. A total of 135 genetic variations were detected, 59 in BRCA1 and 76 BRCA2, 2indels and 133 SNV, nearly 55% of those variants were missense variants, 38% were synonyms and 7% were nonsense. Ten exonic and 49 intronic variations were detected in BRCA1. The exonic variants in BRCA1were grouped as 6 ​​synonymous variants, one 3-prime UTR variant, 12 missense variants, 11 non coding transcript exon variants, 2 splice_region_variant,synonymous_variant, and 2 stop gain variants were previously reported to be pathogenic in Clinvar database. For BRCA2, 55 intronic variations and 21 exonic variants were detected, from the exonic variations there were 13 new mutations and 8 previously reported (7 were benign and only one were reported to be with conflicting pathogenicity on the clinvar database). Conclusion. This study reports gremline profiling of BRCA1 and BRCA2genetic mutations among Egyptian females with breast cancer using next generation sequencing as high throughput technology for a better coverage for mutational analysis that may benefit in clinical routine practice.
Monsoons, plumes, and blooms: intraseasonal variability of subsurface primary productivity in the Bay of Bengal
Authors: Schlosser Tamara , Lucas Andrew , Omand Melissa , Farrar John
Published: July 2022

During the southwest monsoon, seasonal storms bring torrential rainfall to the South Asian subcontinent and the northern Indian Ocean. Dense cloud cover limits the amount of sunlight that reaches the ocean surface, and sediment-laden river runoff limits the depths to which light can penetrate. Changing light availability should affect phytoplankton primary productivity and its dependent biogeochemical processes. Yet little is known about how subtropical weather is linked to ecosystem processes below the ocean’s surface. Here, using novel physical and bio-optical measurements from an array of free-drifting, autonomous systems, we show that the onset of cloudy, rainy conditions associated with stormy periods led to >50% reduction in subsurface gross primary productivity (GPP) relative to clear, sunny break periods. Simultaneous bioacoustic measurements collected onboard the autonomous platforms suggested that this intraseasonal variability in GPP generated a response in higher trophic levels. Long-term measurements from biogeochemical (BGC) Argo floats indicated that the magnitude of the days-to-weeks variability reported here was similar to that of the regional annual cycle in the region. Our findings demonstrate that intraseasonal subtropical air-sea variability modulates important regional biogeochemical ocean processes in the Northern Indian Ocean, and may help improve our ability to forecast the changing global climate system.
Artificial Intelligence-Assisted Optimization and Multiphase Analysis of Polygon PEM Fuel Cells
Authors: Jabbary Ali , Pourmahmoud Nader , Abdollahi Mir Ali Asghar , Rosen Marc A.
Published: July 2022

This article presents new hexagonal and pentagonal PEM fuel cell models. The models have been optimized after achieving improved cell performance. The input parameters of the multi-objective optimization algorithm were pressure and temperature at the inlet, and consumption and output powers were the objective parameters. The output data of the numerical simulation has been trained using deep neural networks and then modeled with polynomial regression. The target functions have been extracted using the RSM (Response Surface Method), and the targets were optimized using the multi-objective genetic algorithm (NSGA-II). Compared to the base model, the optimized Pentagonal and Hexagonal models increase the output current density by 21.8% and 39.9%, respectively.
Thermal instability of a horizontal nanofluid layer in a porous medium with high porosity
Authors: Ruo An-Cheng , Chang Min-Hsing , Yan Wei-Mon , Yang Tien-Fu
Published: July 2022

The stability analysis of a porous medium layer saturated by a nanofluid was pioneered by Nield and Kuznetsov in 2009, which substantially inspires numerous intriguing investigations due to its usefulness in understanding the mechanisms underlying the heat transfer enhancement of nanofluids. Their theory employs Buongiorno’s model for nanofluids and Darcy and/or Brinkman models for porous media. However, the Brownian and thermophoretic diffusion coefficients are considered to be constants in the calculation of the diffusive mass flux of nanoparticles, which may generate a discrepancy in the following investigations. The purpose of this paper is to redo the analysis by taking into account the thermophoretic diffusion coefficient's dependence on the volume fraction of nanoparticles. To prevent probable interactions between nanoparticles and the walls of the pores, the investigation is limited to situations with high porosity, and accordingly Brinkman model is adopted rather than Darcy model. Results show that the thermophoresis creates a strong destabilizing effect to overcome the Darcy-Forchheimer drag, resulting in an unconditionally unstable state for a saturated nanofluid layer heated from below. To explore a more in-depth understanding of the instability, the dispersion diagrams of growing disturbances are depicted for various parameters conditions. It is found that the heat capacity plays an insignificant role in the stability and oscillatory mode does not occur for all considered cases.
Pregnancy Intentions of Youth in the Era of Climate Change: A Qualitative Auto- Photography Study
Authors: Smith Danielle M. , Sales Javier , Williams Aleyah , Munro Sarah
Published: July 2022

BackgroundClimate change poses a global health risk through consequences such as sea level rise, wildfires, and increased air pollution. Children born today and in the future may be disproportionately affected by climate change. As a result, many young adults are rethinking having children. The impacts of the climate crisis on the decision-making of parents is an understudied area of research. This study aims to be one of the first to explore how climate change impacts the pregnancy intentions of youth and their perspectives towards childbearing. MethodsWe conducted auto-photography and qualitative interviews. Participants were recruited using social media, and were aged 18-25, nulliparous, assigned female at birth, and were either current or previous residents of British Columbia, Canada. We asked participants to take photos that responded to the question, “Show us how climate change impacts your decision to have a family,” then complete a virtual, one-on-one interview during which photo-elicitation was employed to guide conversation about participants’ decision-making related to childbearing and climate change. We subjected all transcribed interviews to qualitative thematic analysis. ResultsWe conducted in-depth interviews with 7 participants who discussed a total of 33 photographs. Analysis of participants’ interviews and photographs identified themes of eco-anxiety, hesitancy towards having children, and a desire for systemic change. Participants experienced anxiety, grief, and loss when faced with thoughts of change associated with their environments. Climate change was a consideration for many participants in their childbearing decision making, and it was interrelated with social-environmental factors, such as cost of living. ConclusionWe aimed to identify the ways in which climate change may impact youth decisions to have a family. Responses ranged from feeling that climate change had no effect on family planning to choosing not to have children entirely because of climate change. Further research on this topic is needed in order to direct climate change policy.
Blind Phase Search Algorithm Based on Threshold Simplification
Authors: Liu Qiang , Ji Wei , Liu Pengcheng , Li Qiang , Bai Chenglin , Xu Hengying , Zhu Yanjun
Published: July 2022

This paper studies the carrier phase recovery (CPR) algorithm in the Polarization multiplexing 64QAM system. We propose and verify a carrier phase estimation algorithm for M-ary quadrature amplitude modulation (M-QAM) based on blind phase search (BPS). The accuracy of the algorithm is improved by comparing the function of the phase compensation error with the threshold value. The system model includes channel additive white noise, phase noise (PN) and device bandwidth limitations. Simulations and experiments show that, compared with the traditional algorithm, the number of test phases required by the algorithm is reduced by half under the same performance.
Augmenting hematoma-scavenging capacity of innate immune cells by CDNF reduces brain injury and promotes functional recovery after intracerebral hemorrhage
Authors: Tseng Kuan-Yin , Stratoulias Vassilis , Hu Wei-Fen , Wu Jui-Sheng , Wang Vicki , Chen Yuan-Hao , Seelbach Anna , Huttunen Henri , Kulesskaya Natalia , Pang Cheng-Yoong , Chou Jian-Liang , Lindahl Maria , Saarma Mart , Huang Li-Chuan , Airavaara Mikko , Liew Hock-Kean
Published: July 2022

During intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH), hematoma formation at the site of blood vessel damage results in local mechanical injury. Subsequently, erythrocytes lyse to release hemoglobin and heme, which act as neurotoxins and induce inflammation and secondary brain injury, resulting in severe neurological deficits. Accelerating hematoma resorption and mitigating hematoma-induced brain edema by modulating immune cells has potential as a novel therapeutic strategy for functional recovery after ICH. Here, we show that intracerebroventricular administration of recombinant human cerebral dopamine neurotrophic factor (rhCDNF) accelerates hemorrhagic lesion resolution, reduces peri-focal edema, and improves neurological outcomes in an animal model of collagenase-induced ICH. We demonstrate that CDNF acts on microglia/macrophages in the hemorrhagic striatum by promoting scavenger receptor expression, enhancing erythrophagocytosis and increasing anti-inflammatory mediators while suppressing the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines. Administration of rhCDNF results in upregulation of the Nrf2-HO-1 pathway, but alleviation of oxidative stress and unfolded protein responses in the perihematomal area. Finally, we demonstrate that intravenous delivery of rhCDNF has beneficial effects in an animal model of ICH and that systemic application promotes scavenging by the brain’s myeloid cells for the treatment of ICH.
The impact of COVID-19 epidemic on emergency department visits of older patients in Taiwan
Authors: Chang Hao-Ming , Chang Chih-Chen , Lin Pei-Ying , Lee Yi-Chen , Huang Hsien-Hao , Yen David Hung-Tsang
Published: July 2022

Background
The number of emergency department (ED) visits has significantly declined since the COVID-19 pandemic. In Taiwan, an aging society, it is unknown whether older adults are accessing emergency care during the COVID-19 epidemic. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the impact of COVID-19 on the ED visits and triage, admission, and intensive care unit (ICU) hospitalization of the geriatric population in a COVID-19-dedicated medical center throughout various periods of the epidemic.
Methods
A retrospective chart review of ED medical records from April 9 to August 31, 2021 were conducted, and demographic information was obtained from the hospital’s computer database. The period was divided into pre-, early-, peak-, late-, and post-epidemic stages. For statistical analysis, one-way analysis of variance followed by multiple comparison tests (Scheffe’s test) were used.
Results
A statistically significant decrease in the total number of patients attending the ED was noted during the peak-, late-, and post-epidemic stages. In the post- and pre-epidemic stage, the number of older patients visiting ED was consistent, indicating their earlier visit to ED than the general population. Regarding ICU admission, the total number of patients in late-epidemic stage was smaller than that in pre-epidemic stage; however, the number of older patients was steady, regardless of hospital or ICU admission.
Conclusions
During the peak of COVID-19 outbreak, the number of ED visits was significantly affected. However, it is noteworthy that as the epidemic was gradually controlled, the older patients resumed their ED visits earlier that the general population as indicated by the surge in their number. Additionally, in the patient group of triage 1 or 2, which represents a true emergency, the number did not show a drastic change.
Effects of Roux-en-Y gastric bypass on AGRP, GHRL and POMC genes methylation levels: a 6-months longitudinal study Run title: Gastric bypass and appetite/satiety axis
Authors: Wolf Letícia Santana , Nicoletti Carolina Ferreira , Noronha Natalia Yumi , Pinhel Marcela Augusta Souza , Welendorf Caroline Rossi , Delfino Heitor Bernardes Pereira , Junior Wilson Salgado , Nonino Carla Barbosa
Published: July 2022

Background: Recent evidence showed that DNA methylation changes can contribute substantially to body weight regulation, as well as modulate expression of appetite and satiety genes, controlling food intake. Objective: To investigate if bariatric surgery could change the methylation levels of specific CpG sites in agouti-related peptide (AGRP), ghrelin (GHRL) and pro-opiomelanocortin (POMC) genes and assess potential relationships of these CpGs sites with anthropometrics changes. Methods: This prospective study enrolled 24 women (36.9±10.3 years; Body Mass Index – BMI: 43.3±5.7 kg/m²) who underwent Roux-en-Y gastric bypass. DNA methylation levels were assessed before and after 6 months of surgery by Infinium Human Methylation 450K Bead Chip technology. Results: We found an increase in methylation of cg04924511 in the GHRL gene (6%, p = 0.0025) after bariatric surgery. There was positive correlation between changes in methylation level of cg05382012 in AGRP gene and cg04924511 in GHRL gene with fat mass loss after surgery (r = 0.729; p < 0.001 and r = 0.566; p = 0.012, respectively). Conclusion: Roux-en-Y gastric bypass may change methylation levels of GHRL gene and also that these modifications are correlated to fat mass loss.
Breaking through the Mermin-Wagner limit in 2D van der Waals magnets
Authors: Santos Elton , Jenkins Sarah , Rózsa Levente , Atxitia Unai , Evans Richard , Novoselov Konstantin
Published: July 2022

The Mermin-Wagner theorem~\cite{Mermin1966} states that long-range {magnetic} order does not exist in one- or two-dimensional (2D) isotropic magnets with short-ranged interactions. The theorem has been a milestone on magnetism and has been driving the research of recently discovered 2D van der waals (vdW) magnetic materials\cite{gong_discovery_2017,firstCrI3} from fundamentals up to potential applications\cite{Genome22}. In such systems, the existence of magnetic ordering is typically attributed to the presence of a significant magnetic anisotropy, which is known to introduce a spin-wave gap and circumvent the core assumption of the theorem\cite{Bogolyubov,Mermin1966,Hohenberg}. Here we show that in finite-size 2D vdW magnets typically found in lab setups ({\it e.g.,} within millimetres), short-range interactions can be large enough to allow the stabilisation of magnetic order at finite temperatures without any magnetic anisotropy for practical implementations. We demonstrate that magnetic ordering can be created in flakes of 2D materials despite of the lattice symmetry due to the intrinsic nature of the spin exchange interactions and
finite-size effects in two-dimensions. Surprisingly we find that the crossover temperature, where the intrinsic magnetisation changes from superparamagnetic to a completely disordered paramagnetic regime, is weakly dependent on the system length requiring giant sizes ({\it e.g.,} of the order of the observable universe $\sim$10$^{26}$ m) to be reconcilable with the Mermin-Wagner theorem for zero magnetic ordering at finite temperatures. Our findings indicate exchange interactions as the main driving force behind the stabilisation of short-range order in 2D magnetism and broaden
the horizons of possibilities for exploration of compounds with low anisotropy at an atomically thin level.
Survey of Diabetic Retinopathy awareness among affiliates of a Diabetes Association during the COVID-19 pandemic.
Authors: Ramnarace Keshan , Lokai-Singh Karishma , Rampersad Katrina , Nandlal Keeya , Jaggasar Kevin , Ramcharan Khadine , Singh Kimberly , Dhanoo Andrew , Benjamin Lisa
Published: July 2022

BackgroundThe onset of diabetic retinopathy (DR) can be reduced by early detection and subsequent treatment. However, the level of awareness about DR screening among people living with diabetes (PLWD) in Trinidad and Tobago is unknown. This study aimed to evaluate DR awareness among affiliates of the Diabetes Association of Trinidad and Tobago (DATT) and to assess the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on their presentation for screening.MethodsA cross-sectional study of DATT affiliates was conducted between March 19 and April 26, 2021. The questionnaire was administered by distributing a Google Forms link via DATT’s social media and mailing list networks. Responses were imported from an Excel spreadsheet into STATA 17.0 (College Station, Texas) for analysis.ResultsTwo hundred and five of the 283 participants were PLWD, most of whom were over 40 years old (58%, 165/283). Although 58.5% (120/205) of PLWD were aware of DR, less than half (43.4%, 89/205) had presented for at least one DR screening. The top three sources of information for DR screening were a doctor/optometrist (80), the DATT (27) and social media (28). One quarter (67/283) of the participants avoided DR screening due to COVID-19 concerns.ConclusionsGreater awareness of diabetes and DR should be promoted along with screening and treatment options using multiple educational platforms for maximum impact. The public’s concerns about safety should be addressed by highlighting COVID-19 public health measures that are in place at screening locations.
Hole-doping induced ferromagnetism in 2D materials
Authors: Meng Ruishen , Pereira Lino da Costa , Locquet Jean-Pierre , Afanas'ev Valeri , Pourtois Geoffrey , Houssa Michel
Published: July 2022

Two-dimensional (2D) ferromagnetic materials are considered to be promising candidates for future generations of spintronic devices. Yet, 2D materials with intrinsic ferromagnetism are scarce. High-throughput first-principles simulations are performed in order to screen 2D materials that present a non-magnetic to a ferromagnetic transition upon hole doping. A global evolutionary search is subsequently performed, in order to identify alternative possible atomic structures of the eligible candidates, and 122 materials exhibiting hole-doping induced ferromagnetism are identified. Their energetic and dynamic stability, as well as their magnetic properties under hole doping, are investigated systematically. Half of these 2D materials are metal halides, followed by chalcogenides, oxides, and nitrides, some of them having predicted Curie temperatures above 300 K. The exchange interactions responsible for the ferromagnetic order in these 2D materials are also discussed. This work not only provides theoretical insights into hole-doped 2D ferromagnetic materials but also enriches the family of 2D magnetic materials for possible spintronic applications.
The dynamics of selenium in dairy agroecosystems.
Authors: McKernan Claire , Meharg Caroline , Carey Manus , Meharg Prof. Andrew
Published: July 2022

Environmental selenium deficiency and toxicity can result in Keshan disease and selenosis, respectively. Due to dietary preferences, milk is considered a primary source of selenium, where, in controlled environments milk selenium concentration reflects the selenium provided in fodder to lactating cows. However, the movement of selenium through agroecosystems is not well understood, and the aim of this current study was to investigate the variables that me responsible for transfer of selenium from soil to milk. Investigated parameters include spatial variability, soil selenium status, season, herd diet and husbandry of cattle. Farm-based sample collections were carried out, where soil, grass, silage and milk were collected over 48 geographically spaced locations over Northern Ireland during both summer and winter. Selenium concentrations were determined using ICP-MS. Median selenium concentrations for soil (0.46 mg/kg DM), grass (0.06 mg/kg DM) silage (0.03 mg/kg DM) and milk (0.23 mg/kg DM). Results showed that soil selenium concentrations were significantly affected by the pH and organic matter composition of soil. Additionally, a statistically significant relationships between soil and grass selenium concentrations were also found. Despite these strong environmental relationships with grass, these relationships were not reflected in the milk selenium concentrations, indicating a disconnect between the selenium concentration in the agricultural environment and the milk from which it is derived. Selenium was higher in milk in winter months as compared to summer, related to supplemental feed practices over the winter when cows are housed.
The Hotspots and Trend of Literature on cleaner production: A Visualized Analysis Based on Citespace
Authors: Jiang Yuguo , Li Min , Asante Dennis , Liao Xin , Ampaw Enock Mintah
Published: July 2022

In recent decades, cleaner production (CP) has emerged as a new concept to cope with the astronomical environmental degradation associated with the expanding industrialization. We conducted a review of scientific data on the conceptualization of "cleaner production" using published documents from 2011-2021-year periods. Data extraction was based on two major databases: the China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI) and Web of science (WOS). The Citespace software was used to track the developmental process and trend of future research on cleaner production. We report that:(1) While literature on cleaner production in CNKI is decreasing, that of WOS has been increasing by the year. (2) Even though, clear instances of different research priorities exist between WOS and CNKI, research problems addressed in the two databases, however, are mostly common. In terms of research collaboration, WOS is more likely to accept papers with cross-institutional authorship. The study further identified that there is no aggregation effect between Chinese research institutions. (3) In WOS, the Journal of Cleaner Production is the most published and influential journal, and in CNKI the Chinese Journal of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning leads in CP publications. (4) From the research hotspots, there are obvious differences between WOS and CNKI. Finally, we put forward the future prospect of cleaner production research.
Effects of Propolis Extract on Growth Performance and Health Condition of Dairy Calves
Authors: KABİLOĞLU Ali , KOCABAĞLI Neşe , KEKEÇ Ayşe Ilgın
Published: July 2022

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of propolis ethanol extract (EEP), a natural beekeeping product, on performance, fecal structure and general health status of calves during the preweaning phase. For this purpose, 24 newborn Simmental calves in a private farm were used as animal material. Calves given colostrum for the first 3 days after birth were divided into two similar groups according to their birth weight and gender. Differently from the control group, the calves in the experimental group (propolis) were given orally 4 ml/day propolis extract (30%; EEP). Weekly nasal discharge, cough, eye, ear and general health scoring, rectal body temperature and fecal pH measurement, daily fecal scoring and diarrhea day follow-up were performed for each calf in the study, which lasted up to 60 days of age. Feces samples taken from all calves at the beginning and at the end of the study were evaluated for Lactobacillus spp. and Bifidobacter spp. At the end of the study; statistical differences were found between the groups in favor of the propolis group in terms of body weight gain (BWG), feed conversion ratio (FCR), body weight (BW), withers height (WH), rump height (RH) and chest depth (CD) (P < 0.05). At the end of the study, propolis extract positively affected the number of days with diarrhea and feces scores (P < 0.05); no statistically significant difference was found in terms of health scores and feces culture (P > 0.05). In addition, it was observed that the number of calves that needed to be monitored in terms of health status was less in the experimental group.
Dissolved organic matter modulates the toxicity of persistent free radicals on the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans
Authors: Zhang Xuchao , Saul Nadine , Lieke Thora , Chen Yi , Wu Min , Pan Bo , Steinberg Christian E.W.
Published: July 2022

As a type of effective soil amendment, biochars require comprehensive ecological assessment before their widespread agricultural applications, since the endogenous contaminants, especially environmentally persistent free radicals (EPFRs) in biochars certainly pose an ecological risk to soil invertebrates. In this study, Caenorhabditis elegans (C. elegans) was chosen as a model organism to assess the neurotoxicity of three rice straw biochars pyrolyzed at 500, 700, and 1000°C. After 24 h-exposure to unwashed biochars, washed biochars, and leaching liquids (supernatants), neurobehavioral parameters of L4 C. elegans larvae were determined in a liquid toxicity test. The results showed that the washed 700°C biochar particles significantly impaired the locomotion and prolonged the defecation interval at biochar concentration of 4 g·well− 1, whereas unwashed biochars and supernatants did not cause obvious impairment. At the same time, the electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) results showed that the intensity of EPFRs in unwashed 700°C biochar was stronger than that of corresponding washed particles. It suggests that, in the liquid test, EPR signal alone does not indicate the toxicity of the particle. The accessibility and activity of EPFRs should be considered. Dissolved organic matter (DOM) has great significance in the fate, transport, and toxicity of environmental pollutants, which is beneficial for C. elegans to live longer and increase their reproductive ability. In this paper, the neurobehaviors of washed biochar were alleviated after adding supernatant back, which indicated that DOM could modulate the reactivity of EPFRs in the liquid phase.
Comparisons on factors affecting residents fulfilling self-determination in ethno-specific and mainstream nursing homes: a qualitative study
Authors: Xiao Lily , Gregoric Carolyn , Gordon Sue , Ullah Shahid , Goodwin-Smith Ian , Muir-Cochrane Eimear , Blunt Sara
Published: July 2022

Background
Studies revealed that supporting residents fulfilling self-determination is positively associated with their health, wellbeing and quality of life. Cross-cultural care poses significant challenges for nursing home residents to fulfil their self-determination in control of own care and maintaining meaningful connections with others. The aim of the study was to compare factors affecting residents fulfilling self-determination in ethno-specific and mainstream nursing homes.
Methods
A qualitative descriptive approach was applied to the study. Culturally competent care and person-centred care were employed as guiding frameworks. Individual interviews or a focus group with residents and family members were conducted to collect data.
Results
In total, 29 participants participated in the study. Three main themes were identified: communicating needs and preferences; mastering own care; and maintaining meaningful relationships. Each theme includes sub-themes that detail similarities and differences of factors affecting residents fulfilling self-determination in the two type nursing homes. Findings indicate that residents from both types of nursing homes experienced challenges to communicate their care needs and preferences in daily care activities. Moreover, residents or their representatives from both types of nursing homes demonstrated motivation and competence to master residents’ care based on their individual preferences, but also perceived that their motivation was not always supported by staff or the nursing home environment. Residents’ competence in mastering their care activities in ethno-specific nursing homes was based on the condition that they were given opportunities to use a language of choice in communication and staff and the nursing home demonstrated culturally competent care for them. In addition, ethno-specific nursing homes showed more recourse to support residents to maintain meaningful relationships with peers and others.
Conclusions
Culturally competent care created by staff, nursing homes and the aged care system is a basic condition for residents from ethnic minority groups to fulfil self-determination. In addition, person-centred care approach enables residents to optimise self-determination.
Molecular characterization of a novel mitovirus from Rhizoctonia solani
AG-4 HG Ⅲ strain XMC-IF
Authors: Sun Aili , Sun Yang , Luo Li , Zhao Lianjing , Li Chengyun , Yang Genhua , Dong Wenhan
Published: July 2022

A double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) segment was isolated from Rhizoctonia solani AG-4 HGIII strain XMC-IF (designated as Rhizoctonia solani mitovirus IF, RsMV-IF). The complete sequence was 2794 bp in length with 57.50% A+U content and contained a large open reading frame (ORF) when the fungal mitochondrial genetic code was used. ORF potentially encoded for a 95.76 kDa protein that contained a conserved domain of an RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp). BLASTp analysis revealed that the RdRp domain of RsMV-IF had 47.52% to 73.24% sequence identity to sequences of complete genome viruses in the genus Mitovirus and was most similar (73.24% identical) to that of Alternaria alternata mitovirus 1 (AaMV1). Phylogenetic analysis showed that RsMV-IF is a novel member of the genus Mitovirus , family Mitoviridae . This is the first report of the full genome sequence of a mitovirus associated with R. solani AG-4 HGIII.
The use sealing hemostat patch ( HEMOPATCH ®) in laparotomic myomectomy: a prospective case-control study
Authors: Montera Roberto , Ficarola Fernando , Plotti Francesco , Terranova Corrado , Nardone Carlo De Cicco , Guzzo Federica , Angioli Roberto , Luvero Daniela
Published: July 2022

Purpose: Uterine myomas are the most frequent gynecologic disease. In these cases, myomectomy is performed, traditionally laparotomically. However, alternatives have been widely used, including laparoscopic surgery, endoscopic and robotic surgery. During these techniques the diffuse parenchymatous bleeding remains one of the main intra and postoperative complications and sometime requires unplanned hysterectomies. Recently, hemostatic agents and sealants have been used to prevent excessive blood loss during surgical repair.Methods: We propose a prospective case-control study on the use of sealing hemostat patch (HEMOPATCH) on uterine sutures in laparotomic myomectomy. In the period between July 2016 to April 2017, 46 patients suffering from symptomatic uterine fibromatosis underwent surgery. They were divided into 2 groups of 23 patients, with different treatment in the haemostatic phase of oozing bleeding: HEMOPATCH is applied in group A, spray electrocoagulation in group B.Results: In group A, we achieve faster hemostasis (p<0,05), than group B. We report a significantly lower PCR value ​​in the 2nd and 3rd day postoperative for group A compared to group B. Conclusion: HEMOPATCH, during laparotomic myomectomy is a valid alternative solution for obtaining rapid hemostasis and consequently intraoperative and postoperative bleeding. Also, we suggest a lower inflammatory peritoneal state probably correlated to the barrier effect of the patch on the suture.
Lnc-PLA2G4A-4 facilitates the progression of hepatocellular carcinoma by Inducing Versican Expression via sponging miR-23b-3p
Authors: Xiong Jiahui , Lai Yongping , Cheng Niangmei , Wang Fei , Zheng Xiaoyuan , Wang Yingchao , Zhuang Qiuyu , Lin Yantin , Zhao Bixing , Yang Xiao-Yu
Published: July 2022

Aberrant expression of long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) has been involved in progression of various human tumors including hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). However, the role of lncRNAs in HCC has not fully explained. Our study aimed to investigate the biological function and potential molecular mechanism of Lnc-PAL2G4A-4 in HCC. Our study showed that Lnc-PLA2G4A-4 was significantly up-regulated in HCC tissues and higher Lnc-PLA2G4A-4 was remarkably related to tumor size, microvascular invasion and poor prognosis of HCC patients. Functionally, Lnc-PLA2G4A-4 positively regulated cell proliferation, invasion and migration in vitro, and facilitate lung metastasis of HCC in vivo. Mechanistically, Lnc-PLA2G4A-4 functioned as a competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) to bind to miR-23b-3p and subsequently facilitated miR-23b-3p’s target gene versican (VCAN) expression in HCC cells. Over-expression of miR-23b-3p could reversed cell phenotypes caused by Lnc-PLA2G4A-4 in HCC and suppress the expression of versican by rescue analysis. Collectively, Lnc-PLA2G4A-4 promotes the progression of HCC via targeting miR-23b-3p/versican axis, which might be a potential biomarker and therapeutic target for HCC.