bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Triunfo y ocaso del viejo arte de narrar historias. De la gran pantalla a la oralidad: denuncia literaria de la des-legitimación del narrador
Authors: Gatti Giuseppe
Published: April 2021

El narrador chileno Hernán Rivera Letelier (Talca, 1950) presenta en su más reciente novela, La contadora de películas (2009), una trama que propone –en una primera instancia– una visión sesgada del vínculo tradicional entre literatura, cine y fabulación (en este caso, transposición del texto fílmico a formas de narración oral). Desde su incipit, el relato –ubicado en un alejado pueblo minero del interior norteño de Chile– parece consolidarse como un homenaje a dos formas de "arte", ambas amenazadas en la época contemporánea: el de transponer las imágenes fílmicas a una dimensión verbal, y el oficio –casi una ceremonia de matices religiosos en ciertas comunidades– de contar historias. En una segunda etapa, el análisis textual demuestra, sin embargo, que ambas habilidades están emprendiendo el camino del declive como consecuencia de la afirmación de artefactos tecnológicos que –en tanto manifestación del control ejercido por el aparato social– acaban practicando una represión de las facultades comunicativas del ser humano. En este sentido, la novela enlaza con los estudios que Gilles Deleuze había desarrollado acerca de aquellas estructuras sociales dominadas por la tecnología y caracterizadas por un cierto tipo de subjetividades en las que se estimula la creatividad solo si existe una recompensa en términos monetarios. La conexión con el pensamiento de Deleuze pasa, en el relato de Letelier, por el vínculo que el autor chileno establece también con las proféticas reflexiones de Walter Benjamin: si el filósofo alemán, ya en la década del treinta del siglo pasado, había denunciado el peligro de extinción de dos formas de comunicación tradicionales como el "arte de construir y relatar historias" y la costumbre de escucharlas de forma compartida, la moraleja del texto de Letelier delata la incapacidad del ser humano de proteger sus hábitos atávicos de las modificaciones históricas, tecnológicas y socio-culturales de la posmodernidad.
Presentación
Authors: González Álvarez José Manuel
Published: April 2021

Introducción al dossier monográfico.
Die Aufgaben und Chancen der Baubranche
Authors: Klotz Ulrich , Pralle Norbert
Published: April 2021

Die Bauwirtschaft steht in der Verantwortung, ihren Ressourcenverbrauch und ihre Emissionen deutlich zu senken. Diese großen Herausforderungen bieten Chancen und die Aufgaben müssen jetzt angegangen werden.
Gute Luft in Hongkong
Authors: Teumer Nicki
Published: April 2021

Ein zweistufiger Abluftfilter aus Deutschland beseitigt seit zwei Jahren feinste Staubpartikel in einem 3,7 km langen Straßentunnel in Hongkong zu mehr als 90 % und Stickstoffdioxid zu mehr als 80 %. Die Kosten für die sauberere Luft waren moderat.
Relevante Luftfilter
Authors: Stoffel Thorsten
Published: April 2021

Die richtigen Filter können zu einem großen Teil Feinstaub und flüchtige organische Substanzen aus der Luft von Innenräumen entfernen. Ein Unternehmen aus Herne hat für unterschiedliche Anwendungen die passenden Filter im Portfolio.
Wasserstoffmenge präzise messen
Authors: Teumer Nicki
Published: April 2021

Eine Kölner Firma bietet ein Messgerät an, das es erlaubt, beim Tanken die Durchflussmenge an Wasserstoff genau zu messen. Es ist das erste Gerät, dass hierfür weltweit nach einer international gültigen Norm zertifiziert wurde.
Betriebliche Umweltpolitik ist vielschichtig
Authors: ten Eicken Jörg
Published: April 2021

Das betriebliche Umweltmanagement, das ehemals in Firmen oft eine untergeordnete Rolle inne hatte, hat sich als Teil einer Unternehmensführung etabliert und führt strategische und operative Aspekte einer aktiven betrieblichen Umweltpolitik zusammen.
Rauchfreihaltung von Rettungswegen in Bürogebäuden
Authors: Volle Thomas
Published: April 2021

Für Unternehmen wird es zunehmend schwerer im innerstädtischen Bereich geeignete Nutzungsflächen aufzuspüren. Bürogebäude werden deshalb meist in die Höhe gebaut und fallen daher häufig unter die Bestimmungen der Hochhausrichtlinie. Mit der Gebäudehöhe steigen allerdings auch die Brandschutzanforderungen.
Heizungswasser richtig aufbereiten
Authors: Willenbrock Ronald
Published: April 2021

Luft und Schmutz in Heizanlagen verursachen Aufwand und Kosten. Daher lohnt der genaue Blick auf das Anlagenwasser, denn es ist das verbindende Element im System, kann aber gleichzeitig ursächlich für Störungen sein. Neben einer richtig ausgelegten und betriebenen Druckhaltung gehören Luft- und Schlammabscheider zu den Komponenten, die Problemen vorbeugen und die Effizienz erhalten.
Anlagenhydraulik: Effizienzhebel zur Optimierung von Heizungsanlagen
Authors: Floß Alexander , Birnick Lutz
Published: April 2021

Blockheizkraftwerke (BHKW) und Brennwertkessel (BWK) sind erprobte und weitentwickelte Wärme- und Stromerzeuger, die im Verbund hocheffizient elektrische und thermische Energie generieren – vorausgesetzt die auf den Prüfständen erzielten Wirkungs- beziehungsweise Nutzungsgrade werden auch im täglichen Einsatz komplexer Gesamtsysteme erreicht. Im folgenden Fachaufsatz wird erläutert wie es gelingen kann, einen maximal ökonomischen und ökologischen Anlagenbetrieb in der Praxis zu sichern.
Genel Cerrahi Tarafından Opere Edilerek Yoğun Bakım Ünitesine Kabul Edilen Geriatrik Hastaların İncelenmesi
Authors: AYDIN Ahmet , MİNİKSAR Ökkeş Hakan , KAÇMAZ Osman , KETEN Hamit Sırrı
Published: April 2021

Amaç: Bu çalışmada genel cerrahi tarafından ameliyat edilen ve postoperatif yoğun bakım ünitesine kabul edilen 65 yaş üzeri geriatrik hastaların geriye dönük olarak incelenmesi amaçlanmıştır.Materyal ve Metot: Çalışmaya 2017-2018 yılları arasında hastanemiz genel cerrahi kliniği tarafından acil veya elektif olarak operasyona alınan ve postoperatif yoğun bakım ünitesine kabul edilen 54 geriatrik hasta dahil edildi. Hastaların demografik verileri, yoğun bakıma yatış endikasyonu, acil veya elektif cerrahi olup olmadığı, ameliyata alınma nedeni, Amerikan Anestezistler Derneği skoru, inotropik ajan ihtiyacı ve prognozları değerlendirildi.Bulgular: Hastaların (n:54) 33’ü erkek, 21’i kadın ve yaş ortalaması 75,5±6.2 yıl idi. En sık yoğun bakıma alınma nedeni olarak postoperatif solunum yetmezliği (%42.6), ikinci sıklıkta ise perioperatif hemodinamik instabilite (%29.6) saptandı. 65-74 yaş grubunda olgu sayısı daha fazla idi. En sık ileus (%20.4) nedeniyle cerrahi yapıldığı tespit edildi. Hastaların yoğun bakım ünitesine kabulde entübasyon durumu ile Amerikan Anestezistler Derneği skoru arasındaki ilişkinin anlamlı olduğu belirlendi (p=0.017). Ortalama yatış süresi 3,6±3,9 gün olarak bulundu. 10 hasta (%18.5) exitus oldu.Sonuç: Geriatrik hastalarda postoperatif solunum sıkıntısı gelişme sıklığında artışın daha ön planda olduğu, kardiyak ve geçirdikleri cerrahi komplikasyonlara bağlı olarak da yoğun bakımda hemodinamik monitörizasyon ihtiyacının arttığı görülmüştür. Yaşlı hastalardaki cerrahi müdahalenin hasta klinik özelliklerine ve yapılan cerrahiye bağlı olarak postoperatif yoğun bakım ihtiyacını doğurabileceği mutlaka göz önünde bulundurulmalıdır.
Evaluation of Anthropometric Compatibility of Office Furniture with Mobile, Desktop and Web Software Platforms and Posture Exercise Program- An Application-Based Study
Authors: ÖZDEMİR Filiz , TOY Şeyma , KIZILAY Fatma , ARI Ali , ÖZDEMİR Mustafa
Published: April 2021

Aim: Work-related musculoskeletal disorders (WMSDs) have been observed commonly in office workers with the development of technology. These problems affect the quality of life for individuals and also productivity in the workplace. The aim of this study is to design an application in which the anthropometric compatibility of office furniture is evaluated and individualized planned posture exercise training is included. Material and Method: The designed application consists of 4 modules. An application has been designed to classify the compatibility and incompatibilities in the first and second modules. The third and fourth modules are designed for personalized exercise definition and follow-up. Results: Within the scope of the application, 4 modules were combined in a single application. The modules that evaluate the anthropometric suitability of office furniture and calculate the compatibility of office furniture; it is the first and second module. The third module contains the definition of the exercise. The fourth module includes the follow-up of the exercise program. Conclusion: It is obvious that the current designed application will provide innovation to work health. Based on our hypothesis, we think that the designed application will also be effective for health protection and promotion in office workers.
FACTORS AFFECTING SYRIAN FEMALE RESEARCHERS’ EXPERIENCE DURING CRISIS: INDUCTIVE APPROACH
Authors: Dalati Serene
Published: April 2021

Purpose – The purpose of this research is to explore factors influencing Syrian female academic researchers’ experience in academic research in the field of business and economics studies. Research Methodology – The research methodology follows a qualitative approach. The methodology is based on conducting focus groups with female academic researchers selected from Syrian public and private universities, to clarify any potential factors, which may be influencing women researchers’ experience. Subsequently, a semi-structured interview protocol is designed to be applied to this target group. A judgement-sampling technique is selected at Syrian public and private universities. Findings – The research findings indicate that personality traits, passion for research, marital and maternal status are important micro-level factors are influencing female researchers’ experience. Academic work overload, an organisational culture of the institution, need for networking support with the business sector, are identified as meso factors. Finally, social culture and norms of the Middle Eastern societies, stereotyping and interpretation of religion are crucial factors at a macrolevel. The research develops a theoretical framework of dimensions, which may be influencing female academic researchers in the field of business and economics. Research Limitation/Implications – The research limitation is associated with sampling size and geographical scope. Future studies could investigate a larger sample with representative geographical scopes, and employs theory testing approaches. Future research could also extend its investigation to examine further disciplines including science, mathematics, engineering and technology. Practical Implications – The study provides practical advice to decision and policymakers examining employment and hiring structure and suggests evaluating policies associated with support with childcare providing on-campus childcare. The study advises introducing support mechanisms for improving the reward system and compensations schemes for academic researchers, encouraging the development and production of scientific research. Originality/Value – There is no prior research on women researchers in Syria. This research is considered as a new perspective of women researchers in Syria during a sensitive time, which characterises Syria. The study provides a theoretical contribution associated with experiences of female researchers at faculties of business and economics in Syrian higher education.
The Inner Solar System Chronology (ISOCHRON) Lunar Sample Return Mission Concept: Revealing Two Billion Years of History
Authors: Draper David S. , Lawrence Samuel J. , Klima Rachel S. , Denevi Brett W. , van der Bogert Carolyn H. , Elardo Stephen M. , Hiesinger Harald H.
Published: April 2021

We present the Inner SOlar System CHRONology (ISOCHRON) concept to return samples of the youngest extensive mare basalt for age-dating and geochemical analysis. The young basalt is exposed at a site southwest of Aristarchus Plateau, for which complete remote-sensing data are available for thorough landing site analysis. Data from these samples would revolutionize the ability to assign exposure ages to rocky planetary surfaces based on the samples returned by Apollo and Luna. Their petrology and geochemistry will enable assessment of the most recent voluminous lunar magmatism. Regolith evolution and mixing models such as ballistic sedimentation would be directly testable to provide crucial ground truth that would enhance the science value of current and future remotely sensed data sets. ISOCHRON’s science goals support NASA’s Artemis program to return to the Moon and its related robotic programs currently in planning.
The Mars Orbiter for Resources, Ices, and Environments (MORIE) Science Goals and Instrument Trades in Radar, Imaging, and Spectroscopy
Authors: Calvin Wendy M , Putzig Nathaniel E , Dundas Colin M , Bramson Ali M , Horgan Briony H N , Seelos Kim D , Sizemore Hanna G , Ehlmann Bethany L , Morgan Gareth A , Holt John W , Murchie Scott L , Patterson G Wesley
Published: April 2021

The Mars Orbiter for Resources, Ices, and Environments (MORIE) was selected as one of NASA’s 2019 Planetary Mission Concept Studies. The mission builds upon recent discoveries and current knowledge gaps linked to two primary scientific questions: (1) when did elements of the cryosphere form and how are ice deposits linked to current, recent, and ancient climate, and (2) how does the crust record the evolution of surface environments and their transition through time? Addressing these questions has emerged in numerous recent reports as a high priority in investigating the evolution of Mars as a habitable world. A subsidiary goal of the mission concept is to provide information relevant to the eventual human exploration of Mars, specifically helping to locate and quantify near-surface water ice and hydrated mineral resources. The proposed instrument suite includes polarimetric synthetic aperture radar imaging, radar sounding, high-resolution visible and infrared imaging, both short-wave and thermal-infrared spectroscopy, and multichannel wide-angle imaging. MORIE would provide novel measurements of Mars expected to lead to significant new discoveries by the first radar imaging from orbit, radar sounding directly over the poles, and mineral mapping at spatial scales that will unravel geologic sequence stratigraphy through time. The final report of the mission concept provides details on the spacecraft, orbital design, technological maturity, results from systems-level integration studies, and costs. This article is intended to expand upon the science motivation for the mission, the measurement goals and objectives, and the instrument trade space that was examined in detail during the concept study.
Persephone: A Pluto-system Orbiter and Kuiper Belt Explorer
Authors: Howett Carly J. A. , Robbins Stuart J. , Holler Bryan J. , Hendrix Amanda , Fielhauer Karl B. , Perry Mark E. , Siddique Fazle E. , Apland Clint T. , Leary James C. , Stern S. Alan , Elliott Heather , Nimmo Francis , Porter Simon B. , Protopapa Silvia , Singer Kelsi N. , Tucker Orenthal J. , Verbiscer Anne J. , Andrews Bruce B. , Bushman Stewart S. , Crifasi Adam V. , Crowley Doug , Edwards Clint L. , Ernst Carolyn M. , Fonville Blair D. , Frankford David P. , Gallagher Dan T. , Holdridge Mark E. , Hunt Jack W. , Kavelaars J. J. , Krupiarz Chris J. , Kuhn James S. , McKinnon William , Nair Hari , Napolillo David H. , Pineau Jon P. , Radebaugh Jani , Sholder Rachel O. , Spencer John R. , Thodey Adam , Walters Samantha R. , Williams Bruce D. , Wilson Robert J. , Young Leslie A.
Published: April 2021

Persephone is a NASA concept mission study that addresses key questions raised by New Horizons’ encounters with Kuiper Belt objects (KBOs), with arguably the most important being, “Does Pluto have a subsurface ocean?” More broadly, Persephone would answer four significant science questions: (1) What are the internal structures of Pluto and Charon? (2) How have the surfaces and atmospheres in the Pluto system evolved? (3) How has the KBO population evolved? (4) What are the particles and magnetic field environments of the Kuiper Belt? To answer these questions, Persephone has a comprehensive payload, and it would both orbit within the Pluto system and encounter other KBOs. The nominal mission is 30.7 yr long, with launch in 2031 on a Space Launch System Block 2 rocket with a Centaur kick stage, followed by a 27.6 yr cruise powered by existing radioisotope electric propulsion and a Jupiter gravity assist to reach Pluto in 2058. En route to Pluto, Persephone would have one 50–100 km class KBO encounter before starting a 3.1-Earth-year orbital campaign of the Pluto system. The mission also includes the potential for an 8 yr extended mission, which would enable the exploration of another KBO in the 100–150 km size class. The mission payload includes 11 instruments: Panchromatic and Color High-Resolution Imager, Low-Light Camera, Ultra-Violet Spectrometer, Near-Infrared (IR) Spectrometer, Thermal IR Camera, Radio Frequency Spectrometer, Mass Spectrometer, Altimeter, Sounding Radar, Magnetometer, and Plasma Spectrometer. The nominal cost of this mission is $3.0 billion, making it a large strategic science mission.
Deep, Closely Packed, Long-lived Cyclones on Jupiter’s Poles
Authors: Cai Tao , Chan Kwing L. , Mayr Hans G.
Published: April 2021

The Juno mission to Jupiter has found closely packed cyclones at the planet’s two poles. The observation that these cyclones coexist in very confined space, with outer rims almost touching each other but without merging, poses a big puzzle. In this work, we present numerical calculations showing that convectively sustained, closely packed cyclones can form and survive without merging for a very long time in the polar region of a deep rotating convection zone (for thousands of planetary rotation periods). Through an idealized application of the inertial stability criterion for axisymmetric circulations, it is found that the large Coriolis parameter near the pole plays a crucial role in allowing the cyclones to be packed closely.
Amino acids and proteinin vitro bio-accessibility from edible insect and pea protein enriched bread
Authors: Igual M. , García-Segovia P. , Martínez-Monzó J.
Published: April 2021

Edible insects have seen increasing use as a nutritive ingredient in food because of their high protein content and digestibility of amino acids from insect-enriched food. Therefore, the aim of this work was to evaluate amino acids and proteins bio-accessibility in bread enriched withAlphitobius diaperinus andTenebrio molitor, comparing with a control and pea protein enriched bread. Bread was enriched at 5 and 10% with experimental ingredients. Experimental bread and the control were subjected to standardised staticin vitro gastrointestinal digestion. Total amino acids (TAA) of breads were determined before digestion and free amino acids were determined after digestion by high-performance liquid chromatography. Crude protein was determined before and after gastrointestinal digestion. Incorporating pea protein,A. diaperinus, andT. molitor powder in bread formulations showed higher essential amino acids and non-essential amino acids content (12.170-16.274 mgTAA/100 g) than the control bread (10.843 mgTAA/100 g), with increasing amino acids content when concentration in bread increased. Bio-accessibility of each amino acid varied as a function of the bread formulation, however, afterin vitro gastrointestinal digestion, experimental bread showed higher accessible amino acids and protein content than the control bread.
Aflatoxin contamination in Tanzania: quantifying the problem in maize and groundnuts from rural households
Authors: Boni S.B. , Beed F. , Kimanya M.E. , Koyano E. , Mponda O. , Mamiro D. , Kaoneka B. , Bandyopadhyay R. , Korie S. , Mahuku G.
Published: April 2021

Aflatoxins are toxic and carcinogenic secondary metabolites, produced byAspergillus flavus andAspergillus parasiticus, which contaminate food and feed and threaten human and animal health. To assess the prevalence of aflatoxins in Tanzania, 180 groundnut and 200 maize samples were collected from 9 and 10 districts, respectively. Aflatoxin contamination was quantified using high performance liquid chromatography. Aflatoxins were detected in samples collected from all districts and prevalence ranged from 92 to 100% for groundnuts and 10 to 80% for maize. The mean aflatoxin level for groundnuts was 6.37 μg/kg and the highly contaminated sample had 40.31 μg/kg. For maize, the mean aflatoxin level was 12.47 μg/kg and the highly contaminated sample had 162.40 μg/kg. The estimated average probable daily intake (APDI) of aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) from groundnuts consumption was 1.88 ng/kg body weight/day, while for maize, it ranged between 151.98-272.89 ng/kg body weight/day. The APDI for both groundnut and maize exceeded the provisional maximum tolerable daily intake (PMTDI) of AFB1 for adults (1 ng/kg body weight/day), bringing about health concerns for populations in Tanzania. Another alarming finding was that 75% of the farmers who provided samples for analysis were not aware of aflatoxins or the negative health impacts from consuming contaminated products. Results reported in this paper show that aflatoxin contaminated staple crops are widely distributed in Tanzania and that the risk of human exposure is high due to diet preferences. Awareness campaigns are required to inform and protect farmers and consumers.
“It's Been a Whole New World”: Staff Perceptions of Implementing a Person-Centered Communication Intervention During the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Corpora Miranda , Kelley Megan , Kasler Kamryn , Heppner Alex , Van Haitsma Kimberly , Abbott Katherine M.
Published: April 2021

The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has challenged the way nursing homes deliver person-centered care (PCC). Preferences for Activity and Leisure (PAL) Cards are a tool to communicate residents' important preferences to staff. Monthly interviews (
N
= 32) were conducted with champions who were conducting a PAL Card quality improvement project in Tennessee nursing homes (
N
= 11) between March and August 2020. Three major themes emerged:
Structural Changes
(e.g., halting admissions, adding an isolation unit),
Resident Burden
(e.g., physical isolation, loneliness), and
Provider Burnout
(e.g., increased workload, mental exhaustion). Further, providers expressed the benefits to using PAL Cards, specifically in regard to blunting the negative impact of each theme. Results showed the overall negative impact of COVID-19 on nursing home communities. Nursing staff experienced greater burden than other staff, reflecting their prominent role in providing direct care to residents with COVID-19. Staff reported that PAL Cards helped promote PCC. [
Journal of Gerontological Nursing, 47
(5), 9–13.]
Quantum Metrology of Electrical Quantities and Mass
Authors: KIM Mun-Seog , CHAE Dong-Hun , LEE Kwang-Cheol
Published: April 2021

The new International System of Units (SI) became effective on 20 May 2019. In the new SI, the complete system of units can be traced to seven fixed values of the fundamental constants, not to seven base units as in the old system. Electrical metrology has two important quantum mechanical foundations. Here, we introduce the basics and the metrological applications of the Josephson effect and the quantum Hall effect, which play key roles in linking electrical quantities to the fundamental constants, including the Planck constant h, the elementary charge e, and the transition frequency of cesium 133 ΔνCs. Finally, we discuss the redefinition of the kilogram as one of the important examples of electrical metrology based on quantum physics.
Family Firm Management in Turbulent Times
Authors: Eichelberger Sarah , Peters Mike
Published: April 2021

Family firms in tourism and hospitality (FFTH) are often characterized by their long-term orientation and strong “familiness” and embeddedness in tourism destinations. Families however are often confronted with and have to adapt to global change and can sometimes struggle with drastic changes in the tourism industry. And while the current COVID-19 pandemic will mean even more challenges for FFTH, it may also lead to opportunities for responsible tourism development. This chapter attempts to shed light on FFTH's ability to manage change, discussing their specific characteristics through the lens of sustainability and responsibility. The following chapters will analyze FFTH characteristics to develop recommendations for FFTH in supporting responsible tourism, and present ideas for a tourism policy that promotes FFTH.
Opportunities and Challenges of E-Learning in South Asia
Authors: Mittal Arun
Published: April 2021

Education in Asia has been considered as a source of utmost precedence and opportunity for socio-economic development in every stratum of society. The inexorable approach has given birth to an instructive plethora that is impracticable for the conventional system to cover. The initiation of education over the internet appeared as an elucidation, but the same has been unable to completely eradicate the dual competencies of accentuating needs and quickly transforming didactic matter. The present technological advancement in terms of learning has made a huge impact on convenience, suitability, affordability, and profusion; however, it lacks in certain crucial areas. This study aims to contemplate about the prospects and obstacles faced by the South Asian countries with special reference to India. It also examines the relevance and expansion of e-learning during the moment of COVID-19 when physical interaction is strictly avoided.
Teaching, Learning, and Assessment During the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Singh Upasana Gitanjali , Nair Chenicheri Sid
Published: April 2021

The COVID pandemic raises several questions in terms of the adaptability of the higher education sector and its readiness to act , while providing the same quality of delivery as face-to-face classes. This mixed method study investigated academic perceptions of the forced change of delivery and the effects on the quality of teaching, learning, and assessment. This study identified that many African academics, though not having formal training in digital pedagogy, rated themselves as more than average in their ability to adopt technology for the online environment. The most effective online tools adopted during this crisis was Zoom and WhatsApp with the LMS tools mostly adopted for assessment purposes. The major factors that affected African students' ability to engage online included lack of access to connectivity and devices, technological competency, and emotional and social factors. The study reinforced the need to consider all the pillars proposed by the Khan framework.
Opportunities and Challenges of E-Learning in Turkey
Authors: Ince Fatma
Published: April 2021

The distance education models are being improved and implemented gradually due to the known effect of technology in daily life. One of the developed models is the eight dimensional e-learning framework to maintain opportunity equality with the aspect of every time and everywhere education. Many developing and developed countries pay attention to this model. It is considered quite successful since it emphasizes pedagogical dimensions, while taking into account all aspects of education in an integrated manner. From this point of view, the new education models will be mentioned at first, then the applications in Turkey will be emphasized to grip the progress about e-learning in this chapter. Thus, the reflections of the local dynamics applied to education while meeting global requirements can be seen clearly.
A Generalized Parallel Quantum Inspired Evolutionary Algorithm Framework for Hard Subset Selection Problems
Authors: Bansal Sulabh , Patvardhan C.
Published: April 2021

Quantum-inspired evolutionary algorithms (QIEAs) like all evolutionary algorithms (EAs) perform well on many problems but cannot perform equally better than random for all problems due to the No Free Lunch theorem. However, a framework providing near-optimal solutions on reasonably hard instances of a large variety of problems is feasible. It has an effective general strategy for easy incorporation of domain information along with effective control on the randomness in the search process to balance the exploration and exploitation. Moreover, its effective parallel implementation is desired in the current age. Such a Generalized Parallel QIEA framework designed for the solution of Subset Selection Problems is presented here. The computational performance results demonstrate its effectiveness in the solution of different large-sized hard SSPs like the Difficult Knapsack Problem, the Quadratic Knapsack Problem and the Multiple Knapsack problem. This is the first such a generalized framework and is a major step towards creating an adaptive search framework for combinatorial optimization problems.
Quantum-Behaved Bat Algorithm for Solving the Economic Load Dispatch Problem Considering a Valve-Point Effect
Authors: Vasant Pandian , Mahdi Fahad Parvez , Marmolejo-Saucedo Jose Antonio , Litvinchev Igor , Aguilar Roman Rodriguez , Watada Junzo
Published: April 2021

Quantum computing-inspired metaheuristic algorithms have emerged as a powerful computational tool to solve nonlinear optimization problems. In this paper, a quantum-behaved bat algorithm (QBA) is implemented to solve a nonlinear economic load dispatch (ELD) problem. The objective of ELD is to find an optimal combination of power generating units in order to minimize total fuel cost of the system, while satisfying all other constraints. To make the system more applicable to the real-world problem, a valve-point effect is considered here with the ELD problem. QBA is applied in 3-unit, 10-unit, and 40-unit power generation systems for different load demands. The obtained result is then presented and compared with some well-known methods from the literature such as different versions of evolutionary programming (EP) and particle swarm optimization (PSO), genetic algorithm (GA), differential evolution (DE), simulated annealing (SA) and hybrid ABC_PSO. The comparison of results shows that QBA performs better than the above-mentioned methods in terms of solution quality, convergence characteristics and computational efficiency. Thus, QBA proves to be an effective and a robust technique to solve such nonlinear optimization problem.
Quantum Internet and E-Governance
Authors: Thakkar Manan Dhaneshbhai , Vanzara Rakesh D.
Published: April 2021

We are leaving in the era where almost everyone in the world uses internet for the communication over social media site, shopping, E-commerce, online transaction and many more. The exponential growth in usage of internet resulted in security related challenges. Since last several years, traditional cryptography algorithms are found working well. Evolution of quantum computer and its high computing capability can break existing cryptography algorithms. To handle the security constraints, this chapter provides details on evolution of quantum cryptography, components involved to design network architecture for quantum internet, quantum key exchange mechanism and functionality wise stages for quantum internet. This chapter also includes challenges involved in evolution of quantum internet. Further, chapter also contains the details on e-governance, challenges in e-governance and solution using quantum cryptography.
Post-Quantum Cryptography and Quantum Cloning
Authors: Bhatia Amandeep Singh , Zheng Shenggen
Published: April 2021

In the last two decades, the field of post-quantum cryptography has had an overwhelming response among research communities. The ability of quantum computers to factorize large numbers could break many of well-known RSA cryptosystem and discrete log-based cryptosystem. Thus, post-quantum cryptography offers secure alternatives which are implemented on classical computers and is secure against attacks by quantum computers. The significant benefits of post-quantum cryptosystems are that they can be executed quickly and efficiently on desktops, smartphones, and the Internet of Things (IoTs) after some minor software updates. The main objective of this chapter is to give an outline of major developments in privacy protectors to reply to the forthcoming threats caused by quantum systems. In this chapter, we have presented crucial classes of cryptographic systems to resist attacks by classical and quantum computers. Furthermore, a review of different classes of quantum cloning is presented.
Rheological Characterization of Emulsified Bitumen from Industrial Waste
Authors: Razali Mohd Najib , Asaithamby Thanushiya A.P. , Mohd Ramli Najmuddin , Mohd Zuhan Mohd Khairul Nizam , Musa Musfafikri , Hamid Nour Abdurahman
Published: April 2021

Emulsified bitumen is an aqueous mixture of bitumen and can be used in insulation and coating applications. In this study, used automotive oil was utilized as a component in bitumen emulsion formulation. Five formulations of bitumen emulsion comprising different ratios of neat bitumen and recycled automotive oil were formulated, namely EMB01–EMB05. The formulation utilized 1 g of abietic acid (C20H30O2) as an emulsifier. The formulated bitumen was characterized for penetration, softening point, differential scanning calorimetry, viscosity, and oscillatory test, and the results were compared to commercial bitumen emulsion (ATLAS bitumen emulsion). The results show that EMB05 has softer consistency, high viscosity, temperature susceptibility, higher thermal stability, and an adaptable viscoelastic range compared to other formulations that provide suitable properties for coating and insulation of wall waterproof material.
Tribological Behavior of Steel Reinforced Glass/Epoxy Hybrid Composites
Authors: Chavhan Ganesh R. , Wankhade Lalit N.
Published: April 2021

In this paper, the specific wear rate (SWR) and the coefficient of friction (CoF) of steel embedded glass/epoxy hybrid composites were examined and compared. Experiments were carried on the pin-on-disc machine on different types of composite materials like plain composite (steel volume 0%) and hybrid composites (steel volume 5% and 10%) pressed against a rotating steel disc (EN 31). Composites were fabricated using the hand-lay-up method. The volume percentage of steel pin/pipe varied from 0 to 10% and glass fiber from 50 to 60%, while the percentage of epoxy was kept 40% stable. The experiments were carried out on a group of samples for duration 20 minutes for different loads of 70N, 80N, 90N, 100N, and 110N with a varying sliding distance of 1000 m, 1250 m, 1500 m, 1750 m, and 2000 m. The results show that the SWR and CoF vary with different load and sliding distance. In general, CoF rises for some time of rubbing, and then it remains constant for the rest of the testing time. The results obtained show that the SWR and CoF increase with increasing sliding distance and load for all the composites. However, SWR and CoF decrease as an increase in the volume percentage of steel. An SWR of hybrid composite is observed to be reduced by 28.02% and 45.98% with an increasing percentage of steel by 5% and 10% respectively. CoF of hybrid composite is observed to be reduced by 14.11% and 24.02% with an increasing percentage of steel by 5% and 10% respectively. At last, the worn surfaces of the hybrid composites were studied through a Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM). Shallow and fine grooves appeared on the worn surfaces of hybrid composites at low loads and cracks were found in large quantities at high load which increased weight loss.
Effect of Sintering Parameters on the Microstructure and Properties of Cu-Ti3AlC2- Gr Composite
Authors: Dhanya J. , Mohan  Kumar M. , Shakina Bi S. , Sudha Jayaprakasam
Published: April 2021

In this work, Copper-Titanium Aluminium Carbide (MAX Phase) – Graphene Composites of desired sizes were prepared by mechanical alloying and Powder Metallurgy route. Sintering was carried out at different temperatures and times and the effect of these sintering parameters on the microstructure of the developed composite and the mechanical and electrical properties were investigated. The microscopic examination reveals that increase in sintering temperature resulted in a properly bonded composite structure. The increase in sintering temperature and time increases the hardness and the wear resistance of the developed composite. Though the density and electrical conductivity shows an increasing trend initially, with higher Sintering temperature, a slight decrease is observed because of the presence of voids in the structure.
Indian contribution toward biomedical research and development in COVID-19
Authors: Kaur Hardeep , Kaur Manpreet , Bhattacharyya Anusuya , Prajapat Manisha , Thota Prasad , Sarma Phulen , Kumar Subodh , Kaur Gurjeet , Sharma Saurabh , Prakash Ajay , Saifuddin P. K. , Medhi Bikash
Published: April 2021

COVID-19 pandemic led to an unprecedented collaborative effort among industry, academia, regulatory bodies, and governments with huge financial investments. Scientists and researchers from India also left no stone unturned to find therapeutic and preventive measures against COVID-19. Indian pharmaceutical companies are one of the leading manufacturers of vaccine in the world, are utilizing its capacity to its maximum, and are one among the forerunners in vaccine research against COVID-19 across the globe. In this systematic review, the information regarding contribution of Indian scientists toward COVID-19 research has been gathered from various news articles across Google platform apart from searching PubMed, WHO site, COVID-19 vaccine tracker, CTRI, clinicaltrials.gov, and websites of pharmaceutical companies. The article summarizes and highlights the various therapeutic and vaccine candidates, diagnostic kits, treatment agents, and technology being developed and tested by Indian researcher community against COVID-19.
Adrenal Gland Trauma
Authors: Al-Thani Hassan , El-Matbouly Moamena , El-Menyar Ayman , Al-Hassani Ammar , Jogol Hisham , El-Faramawy Ahmed , Siddiqui Tariq , Abdelrahman Husham
Published: April 2021

Introduction:

We aimed to describe the presentation, classification, and outcome of traumatic adrenal injury in a single Level-1 trauma center.

Methods:

A retrospective study was conducted to include all patients identified to have adrenal trauma from 2011 to 2014. Data were retrieved from charts and electronic medical records for all patients with adrenal trauma with a 3-year follow-up for mortality.

Results:

A total of 116 patients who were admitted with adrenal injury (12.9% of abdominal trauma and 20% of total solid organ injury admissions) were included in the study, 104 were males and 12 were females. In our population, 86% of adrenal injuries involved the right adrenal gland, 14% in the left, and 12% had bilateral injuries. The majority of associated injuries were rib fractures accounting for 42%, while 37% had associated lung injuries, and 35% had head injuries. As per the American Association for the Surgery of Trauma classification, 46% of adrenal traumas were grade one. Of all adrenal trauma, 25 patients were operated (21%), whereas the majority were admitted to the intensive care unit or surgical ward. Surgical interventions were indicated for associated injury to the bowel, spleen, diaphragm, mesentery, kidneys, or inferior vena cava. One patient underwent angioembolization of the adrenal vessels due to contrast leak. The mortality rate was 14.6%, and no further mortality was reported during a 3-year follow-up. On multivariable analysis, admission systolic blood pressure, Glasgow Coma Scale, and injury severity score were predictors of hospital mortality.

Conclusions:

Adrenal injury is not rare and often unilateral with right-sided predominance. Associated injuries influence the clinical findings, management, and outcome. Surgical interventions are rarely required except for few cases of active bleeding. Long-term outcome postadrenal injury is still not well studied.
Overall health-related quality of life of HIV infected and non-infected adults in Jos North Local Government Area, Plateau State
Authors: Kefas I B , Envuladu E A , Miner C , Pokop B W , Daboer J C , Chingle M P , Banwat M E , Zoakah A I
Published: April 2021

Background:

The burden of HIV has effects on Health-related quality of life (HRQOL). HRQOL assessment is an essential tool in understanding the patient perspective of their quality of life. This study aimed to determine and compare the HRQOL of HIV infected and non-infected adults in Jos North, Plateau State.

Method:

This was a comparative cross-sectional study conducted in Jos North LGA between January-March 2018. One hundred and seventy-eight of HIV infected and non-infected adults who met the inclusion criteria were selected using a multistage sampling technique. We used a WHOQOL-HIV Bref questionnaire to collect information. We calculated the difference in domain mean score using student t-test and determine factors associated with HRQOL using Chi-square test and logistic regressions at the 5 % level of significance. Statistical analysis was carried out using SPSS version 23.0.

Results:

The mean ages of HIV infected and non-infected respondents were 38 ± 9 and 35 ± 10 years, respectively. The overall HRQOL mean score for HIV infected was 3.98 ± 0.70 and 4.06 ± 0.60 for non- infected adults, and this was comparative (P = 0.223). In all the domains, the HRQOL mean scores were significantly different between the HIV infected and non-infected except physical domain (P = 0.962). The odds of good HRQOL was higher among those with tertiary education [aOR:8.33; 95%CI: 2.4–29.3] and those employed [aOR:2.34; 95%CI: 1.1–5.2] among HIV infected respondents.

Conclusions:

This study showed that the overall HRQOL of HIV infected and non-infected adults were similar in Jos North LGA. However, there was a significant difference in all the domains except for physical domain.
О сингулярно возмущенных частично диссипативных системах уравнений
Authors: Butuzov Valentin Fedorovich
Published: April 2021

Построена асимптотика по малому параметру погранслойного решения краевой задачи для системы двух обыкновенных дифференциальных уравнений, одно из которых второго, а другое - первого порядка, с малым параметром при производных в обоих уравнениях. Система такого типа возникает в химической кинетике при моделировании стационарного процесса в случае быстрых реакций и отсутствия диффузии одного из реагирующих веществ. Существенной особенностью рассматриваемой задачи является трехкратный корень одного из уравнений вырожденной системы. Это приводит к качественному отличию погранслойной компоненты решения по сравнению со случаем простых (однократных) корней вырожденных уравнений. Пограничный слой становится многозонным, стандартный алгоритм построения погранслойных рядов оказывается непригодным и заменяется новым алгоритмом.
Расширение групп, расслоения и параметрическое уравнение Янга-Бакстера
Authors: Preobrazhenskaya Margarita Mikhailovna , Talalaev Dmitry Valer'evich
Published: April 2021

Показано, что любому расширению коммутативной группы соответствует решение параметрического уравнения Янга-Бакстера. Данное утверждение является обобщением известной конструкции сплетенного множества по групповой структуре на случай расширений групп. Показано также, что данная конструкция в случае полупрямого произведения является специализацией более общего построения с помощью главных расслоений. Продемонстрировано, что случай векторных расслоений, рассмотренный ранее, является инфинитезимальной версией случая решения, строящегося по главному расслоению.
Интегрируемые расширения отображения Адлера на грассмановой алгебре
Authors: Adamopoulou P , Konstantinou-Rizos Sotiris , Papamikos G
Published: April 2021

Изучаются некоторые расширения отображения Адлера на грассмановых алгебрах $\Gamma(n)$ порядка $n$. Рассматривается известное расширенное по грассмановой алгебре отображение Адлера. В предположении, что $n=1$, получено коммутативное расширение отображения Адлера в шести измерениях. Показано, что отображение удовлетворяет уравнению Янга-Бакстера, имеет три инварианта и является интегрируемым по Лиувиллю. Отображение решено явно путем рассмотрения его как дискретной динамической системы.
Большие уклонения для обрывающегося обобщенного процесса восстановления
Authors: Bakai Gavriil Andreevich
Published: April 2021

Пусть случайные векторы $(\xi(i),\eta(i))\in\mathbf{R}^{d+1}$, $i\in\mathbf{N}$, являются независимыми и одинаково распределенными, $\xi(i)\in \mathbf{R}^d$ - случайные векторы, $\eta(i)$ - несобственные неотрицательные случайные величины, $\mathbf{P}(\eta(i) = +\infty)\in(0,1)$. Предполагается, что распределение вектора $(\xi(1),\eta(1))$ при условии $\{\eta(1)<+\infty\}$ удовлетворяет условию Крамера.
Обрывающимся обобщенным процессом восстановления называем процесс $Z_T=\sum_{k=1}^{N_T}\xi(k)$, где $N_T=\max\{k\in\mathbf{N}\colon \eta(1)+…+\eta(k)\le T\}$ - процесс восстановления, построенный по несобственным случайным величинам $\eta(i)$. В работе найдены точные асимптотики вероятностей
$$
\mathbf{P}(Z_T\in I_{\Delta_T}(x)) \quadи\quad \mathbf{P}(Z_T = x)
$$
в нерешетчатом и сильно арифметическом случаях соответственно; здесь $I_{\Delta_T}(x)=\{y\in\mathbf{R}^d\colon x_j\le y_j < x_j+\Delta_T, j=1,…,d\}$ и $\Delta_T$ - достаточно медленно стремящаяся к нулю положительная функция.
Backward nonlinear smoothing diffusions
Authors: Anderson Brien , Bishop Adrien N. , Del Moral Pierre , Palmier Camolle
Published: April 2021

Мы представляем обратный диффузионный поток (т.е. обратное по времени стохастическое дифференциальное уравнение), маргинальное распределение которого в любой (более ранний) момент времени равно сглаживающему распределению, когда конечное состояние (в заключительный момент) распределено согласно распределению фильтра. Это новая интерпретация сглаживающего решения в терминах нелинейного диффузионного (стохастического) потока. Это решение контрастирует и дополняет (обратный) детерминированный поток вероятностных распределений (т.е. разновидность уравнения сглаживания Кушнера), изучавшегося в ряде предшествующих работ. Приведен ряд следствий нашего основного результата, включая вывод стохастического дифференциального уравнения с обращенным временем и вывод классических уравнений сглаживания Рауха-Тунга-Стрибела в линейной постановке.
House Structure Is Associated with Malaria among Febrile Patients in a High-Transmission Region of Zambia
Authors: Sikalima Jay , Schue Jessica L. , Hill Sarah E. , Mulenga Modest , Handema Ray , Daka Victor , Chileshe Justin , Kasongo Webster , Chaponda Mike , Bukasa Kabuya Jean-Bertin , Moss William J. , Ippolito Matthew M. , _ _
Published: April 2021

Since the late nineteenth century, the importance of house structure as a determinant of malaria risk has been recognized. Few studies to date have examined the association of housing and malaria in clinical populations. We conducted a cross-sectional study of febrile patients (n = 282) at two rural health clinics in a high malaria-transmission area of northern Zambia. Participants underwent testing for Plasmodium falciparum infection by PCR. Demographic and other risk factors including house structure, indoor residual spraying (IRS), bed net use, education level, and household income were collected. Data were fitted to logistic regression models for relational and mediation analyses. Residing in a house with a thatch roof was associated with higher odds of malaria than residing in a house with corrugated metal (odds ratio: 2.6; 95% CI: 1.0–6.3, P = 0.04). Lower income and educational attainment were also associated with greater odds of malaria. Living under a thatch roof accounted for 24% (95% CI: 14–82) of the effect of household income on malaria risk, and income accounted for 11% (95% CI: 8–19) of the effect of education. Neither IRS nor bed net use was associated with malaria risk despite large, local investments in these vector control interventions. The findings testify to malaria as a disease of rural poverty and contribute further evidence to the utility of housing improvements in vector control programs.