bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
ТЕОРЕТИЧНЕ ДОСЛІДЖЕННЯ ТЕПЛОВИХ ПРОЦЕСІВ НА ВУГЛЕЦЕВИХ ЕЛЕКТРОДАХ В РЕЗУЛЬТАТІ ДІЇ ПЛАЗМИ ПРИ ГЕНЕРАЦІЇ НАНОСТРУКТУР У ВАКУУМНІЙ ДУЗІ
Authors: Широкий Ю. В. , Сисоєв Ю. О. , Торосян О. В. , Жидєєв П. Р.
Published: October 2024

A mathematical model has been refined to determine the thermophysical and thermomechanical processes on electrodes during the plasma formation of nanostructures. The model takes into account the effects of electrode spots, evaporation, sputtering, and thermal stresses in the electrode bodies. Calculations of temperature distribution on the surfaces of the graphite cathode and anode were carried out, considering the conditions necessary for obtaining nanostructures. An analysis of the thermophysical processes on the surfaces of the graphite cathode and anode during the transition to the working regime was conducted. The stability of the electrodes during plasma generation of nanostructures was determined by changes in the geometry of the electrodes. Calculations of the temperature fields on the end surface of the graphite cathode showed that with a continuous increase in the cathode surface temperature, the nature of its distribution does not change fundamentally. Calculation of temperature fields along the radius of the graphite cathode at different moments in time during the transition to the working regime showed a slight impact of evaporation on the change in the cathode's geometry. Determining the temperature fields along the generatrix of the anode showed the greatest impact of evaporation on the small area of the anode closest to the cathode. The dependencies of the acting stresses on temperature for the graphite cathode and anode were obtained. Studies of the dynamics of changes in thermal stresses on the electrodes during the formation of nanostructures in a plasma environment indicate that the values of thermal stresses are far from the material's strength limit. A theoretical study of the thermophysical and thermomechanical processes on the graphite cathode was carried out and compared with experimental measurements. The calculation of the electrodes' lifespan during the creation of carbon nanostructures in a plasma environment was 2.52∙105 s. The experimental lifespan of the graphite cathode is 2.88∙105 s, which is quite close to the calculated value. The coincidence of the obtained theoretical and experimental results indicates the viability of the developed model. The article may be of interest when designing equipment for obtaining nanostructures in a plasma environment and for further research on the physical parameters of electrodes.
Outcomes in ANCA-associated vasculitides
Authors: Klimkina I. , Skvortsov A. , Litvinova M. , Moiseev S. , Bulanov N.
Published: October 2024

Immunosuppressive therapy significantly improved survival of patients with ANCA-associated vasculitides (AAV). However, the adverse effects of therapy, particularly glucocorticosteroids, along with the accumulation of organ damage and a deterioration in the quality of life, have become the leading factors contributing to the disease burden. The development of a core outcome set and assessment tools is a current problem of research methodology to improve their quality and uniformity of data. Disease activity and damage assessed by the Birmingham Vasculitis Activity Score (BVAS v.3) and the Vasculitis Damage Index (VDI), respectively, as well as patient-reported outcomes (PRO) and mortality are approved as the core set domains. The main assessment tools for PRO include the AAV-specific PRO questionnaire (AAV-PRO), the Medical Outcomes Study Short-Form 36 (SF-36 v.2) and three generic Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System (PROMIS) instruments (fatigue, physical functioning, and pain interference). There are also a number of tools specific for the particular manifestations of the disease, such as glomerulonephritis, asthma or chronic rhinosinusitis.
Pengaruh Tata Letak Produk Terhadap Keputusan Pembelian Pada Minimarket Alfamidi Depok Lima Desa Poka Kecematan Kota Ambon
Authors: Facey Rumi , Rehatta Geradin , Sinay Francisca R.
Published: October 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji pengaruh tata letak produk terhadap keputusan pembelian konsumen di Minimarket Alfamidi, Desa Poka, Ambon. Penelitian ini menekankan pentingnya pengaturan produk yang strategis dan terorganisir dalam meningkatkan pengalaman belanja dan efisiensi pengambilan keputusan. Pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui survei dengan menggunakan kuesioner tertutup yang dibagikan kepada 50 responden. Data yang diperoleh kemudian dianalisis menggunakan metode regresi linear sederhana untuk melihat hubungan antara tata letak produk dan keputusan pembelian konsumen. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa tata letak produk berpengaruh signifikan terhadap keputusan pembelian konsumen, di mana tata letak produk menjelaskan 34,3% variasi dalam keputusan pembelian. Tata letak yang lebih baik memudahkan konsumen dalam mencari produk, meningkatkan kenyamanan berbelanja, serta mendorong loyalitas konsumen. Penelitian ini memberikan wawasan praktis bagi pengelola minimarket dan ritel lainnya tentang pentingnya merancang tata letak produk yang efektif untuk meningkatkan penjualan. Selain itu, penelitian ini juga berkontribusi dalam literatur tentang perilaku konsumen dan strategi ritel, khususnya dalam konteks minimarket.
МАРМУРОВІСТЬ M. LONGISSIMUS DORSI ТА ЇЇ ЗВ’ЯЗОК З ІНШИМИ ОЗНАКАМИ ЯЛОВИЧИНИ
Authors: Крук Ольга Павлівна , Угнівенко Анатолій Миколайович
Published: October 2024

Класифікація тварин різного напрямку продуктивності за мармуровістю m. longissimus dorsi та визначення її кореляції із забійними, фізико-технологічними та сенсорними властивостями яловичини є актуальними. У статті наведено результати оцінювання у 18-24 – місячних бугайців української чорно-рябої молочної породи зв’язку між мармуровістю m. longissimus dorsi та забійними, морфологічними, фізико-технологічними ознаками туш і сенсорними властивостями вареного м’яса та бульйону із нього. Визначали можливість застосування мармуровості продовгуватого м’яза як критерію оцінювання кількісних і якісних ознак яловичини. Дослідження провели на 34 тушах у фермерському господарстві (ФГ) «Журавушка» Броварського району Київської області. Відразу після забою тварин згідно з методикою, наведеною у стандарті JMGA (2000) визначили мармуровість m. longissimus dorsi і покриття туш жиром відповідно до системи EUROP (2008), колір м’язової і жирової тканин, площу «м’язового вічка» згідно з стандартом JMGA (2000). У лабораторії кафедри технологій м’яса, риби та морепродуктів Національного університету біоресурсів і природокористування дослідили хімічний склад яловичини. Аромат, соковитість, ніжність, легкість жування вареної яловичини і колір, смак, міцність бульйону із неї дегустували у лабораторії «Якості м’яса» кафедри технологій виробництва молока та м’яса цього ж ВНЗ. Виявлено, що мармуровість m. longissimus dorsi зворотньо (r=-0,351; Р>0,95) корелює з вмістом білку в м’ясі та пенетраційною напругою (r=-0,410; Р>0,95) і позитивно (r=0,617; Р>0,95) зі смаком і ароматом бульйону із вареного м’яса. Проявляється тенденція до зворотної кореляції між мармуровістю і забійними ознаками, у тому числі з вмістом м’язової тканини вищого та першого сортів, жирової та сполучної тканин, розвитком підшкірного жиру, кольором м’язової і жирової тканин, рН (кислотністю), сухою речовиною, водозв’язуючою здатністю, соковитістю, ароматом та залишком вареного м’яса після розжовування. Проявляється тенденція до позитивної кореляції між мармуровістю яловичини та вмістом у ній м’язової тканини другого сорту, кісток, «площею м’язового вічка» m. longissimus dorsi, товщиною підшкірного жиру та конформацією туш, вмістом у м’ясі вологи, жиру та мінеральних речовин. У подальшому отримані результати можливо використовувати для прогнозування кількісних і якісних ознак яловичини за мармуровістю m. longissimus dorsi.
IMPLEMENTATION PATTERNS AND STRATEGIES OF THE ISLAMIC BOARDING SCHOOL AL AMALUL KHAIR IN DEALING WITH THE PHENOMENON OF SENIORITY AMONG STUDENTS
Authors: Sulastri Putri Dwi , Razzaq Abdur , Putra Bela Janare
Published: October 2024

This study aims to identify the implementation patterns and strategies employed by Al-Amalul Khair Islamic Boarding School in addressing the phenomenon of seniority among students. The research methodology used is qualitative, with data collection techniques including observation, in-depth interviews, and documentation. The research informants consist of two individuals, namely the head of the boarding school management and the dormitory supervisor. The study's findings indicate that seniority at the boarding school is a cultural practice passed down through generations, driven by revenge and a desire to demonstrate power. This phenomenon is exacerbated by a lack of control from family, educational, and community environments. The boarding school addresses this issue by developing a pattern of affection or mahabbah, aiming to instill mutual affection among students. Additionally, a learning pattern that involves senior students teaching junior students is implemented to strengthen communication and increase responsibility. The muamalah pattern is also applied to teach life values and effective conflict resolution. This approach is expected to reduce seniority actions and improve the quality of social interactions among students. The findings of this study provide significant contributions to the development of policies and practices at the boarding school and offer insights for future research on the phenomenon of seniority in other educational institutions.
THE EFFECT OF GROUP COUNSELING WITH STORYTELLING TECHNIQUES ASSISTED BY ANIMATION VIDEOS ON THE MALADAPTIVE BEHAVIOR OF STUDENTS AT PONDOK PESANTREN AL-ITTIFAQIAH
Authors: Putra Bela Janare , Kusnadi Kusnadi , Sari Oktaviani Mulya
Published: October 2024

Penelitian ini berjudul “Pengaruh Bimbingan Konseling dengan Teknik Storytelling Berbantuan Video Animasi Terhadap Perilaku Maladaptif Santri di Pondok Pesantren Ittifaqiah”. Perilaku maladaptif adalah perilaku yang tidak diinginkan, misalnya memukul, melempar barang, atau menyakiti diri sendiri. Dengan cara mengatasi perilaku maladatif anak yang pernah dilakukan oleh guru yaitu dengan memberikan ancaman kepada anak setelah kejadian berlangsung, kadang guru hanya mendengarkan penuturan anak tanpa menindak lanjuti masalah yang ada. Sehingga perlu adanya upaya yang harus dilakukan agar dapat menurunkan perilaku maladaptif pada santri agar memiliki perilaku yang lebih baik yakni dengan menggunakan sebuah layanan dalam bimbingan dan konseling yaitu bimbingan kelompok dan mengunakan sebuah teknik yaitu teknik storytelling dengan berbantuan video animasi. Tujuan dari penelitian ini untuk mengetahui, pertama perilaku maladaptif santri sebelum diberikan bimbingan kelompok dengan teknik storytelling berbantuan video animasi. Kedua, perilaku maladaptif santri sesudah diberikan teknik storytelling berbantuan video animasi. Dan ketiga, untuk mengetahui pengaruh bimbingan kelmpok dengan teknik storytelling berbantuan video animasi terhadap santri di pondok pesantren ittifaqiah. Metode penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif dengan jenis penelitian eksperimen dan desain one group pretest-posttest. Dari jumlah populasi 52 santri diambil 8 sampel. Teknik pengumpulan data dalam penelitian ini menggunakan dokumentasi dan angket dengan jumlah 22 pernyataan yang telah dilakukan uji validitas rhitung > rtabel dengan range nilai rhitung 0,328-0,823 dan rtabel 0,279. Teknik analisis data menggunakan uji normalitas dan uji hipotesis. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan perilaku maladaptif pada santri pondok pesantren ittifaqiah mayoritas berada pada kategori mulai berkurang (MB) dengan nilai 402,25. Dari hasil uji normalitas dipeoleh 1,526 dan hipotesis diperoleh 3,4. Maka dari itu, bimbingan kelompok dengan teknik storytelling berbantuan video animasi berpengaruh terhadap perilaku maladaptif santri di pondok pesantren ittifaqiah.
THE ROLE OF TEACHERS IN IMPROVING STUDENTS' WRITING SKILLS IN TK SURI TAULADAN KOTA PAGAR ALAM
Authors: Lestari Lestari , Luzi Ahmad Surya
Published: October 2024

Early childhood development is associated with psychological changes themselves, covering cognitive, linguistic, socio-emotional, religious, and moral aspects. Cognitive development in early childhood is concerned with all psychological processes related to knowledge, as well as the way the child learns and thinks about his environment. The purpose of this study is to determine the role of teachers in improving students' writing skills and to find out what obstacles teachers find in improving student's writing skills in Suri Tauladan Kindergarten in Pagar Alam City. The method in this study uses quantitative methods with the type of Classroom Action Research (PTK), which in English is called Classroom Action Research (CAR). The type of research used in this study is qualitative analysis research (assessment analysis), which uses data collection techniques using interviews, documentation, interviews, and observations. Students' writing skills have not developed. Therefore, one action is needed, namely the role of the teacher. The implementation of learning carried out by teachers can improve students' writing skills in Suri Tauladan Kindergarten in Pagar Alam City. In cycle I, students' writing skills are low, while in cycle II, it increases.
FOSTERING RELIGIOUS VALUES FOR MEMBERS OF GP. ANSOR RANTING KEBOJONGAN VILLAGE, COMAL PEMALANG DISTRICT
Authors: Ma'ruf Amar , Tazali Imam , Suryanti Ery , Zulfa Puspa Fortuna
Published: October 2024

The purpose of this research is to analyze the development of religious values of Ansor Youth Movement (GP Ansor) members. One of the religious-based community organizations capable of realizing the nation's progress is the Ansor Youth Movement (GP Ansor). How much and how far religious values can influence and shape a person's character depends on how much religious values are embedded in him. This research includes field research, with a qualitative approach, which is research that produces analytical procedures that do not use statistical analysis. The data obtained were then analyzed using qualitative descriptive analysis techniques. The results of this study show that religious values are fostered by members of GP Ansor Kebojongan Branch by giving good advice, teaching about morals from the book of Taitsirul Kholaq and Akhlakul Banin, as well as teaching the book of Aqidatul Awwam and holding additional activities such as maulidan activities, grave pilgrimage prayers, and others. While the supporting factor is the development of religious values for members of GP. Ansor Ranting Kebojongan, Comal Sub-District, Pemalang Regency is the recitation of the book of Taisul Kholaq, and support from the community, while the inhibiting factors are inadequate infrastructure and the busyness of the members.
STRATEGIC PLAN FOR TRAINING AND DEVELOPMENT OF HUMAN RESOURCES IN ISLAMIC EDUCATION ORGANIZATIONS IN THE ERA OF INDUSTRY 4.0
Authors: Mujianto Akhmad , Fausi Moh , Muhajir Muhajir , Huda Nuril
Published: October 2024

This research investigates the Strategic Plan for Training and Development (RENSTRA DIKLAT) of human resources (HR) in Islamic education organizations amidst the Fourth Industrial Revolution. The primary aim of the study is to evaluate how RENSTRA DIKLAT contributes to HR development within these organizations and to identify effective practices and challenges encountered in this context. Employing a qualitative approach with a case study method, the research involved in-depth interviews, observations, and document analysis across several Islamic educational institutions implementing RENSTRA DIKLAT. The study found that comprehensive needs analysis, strategic planning, and regular evaluations are crucial practices for enhancing HR competencies and motivation. Institutions that successfully integrated technology into their training programs, developed leadership skills and emphasized Islamic values achieved notable improvements in HR development. However, challenges such as limited technological infrastructure in remote areas were identified, emphasizing the need for support from both government and private sectors. Recommendations for future research include examining the long-term impacts of RENSTRA DIKLAT on institutional performance, exploring strategies to address infrastructure and technology access issues in remote areas, and developing innovative training models that blend digital technology with traditional learning approaches. This research offers valuable insights into best practices for HR development in Islamic education organizations and provides a foundation for further investigation into overcoming existing challenges.
PEER COUNSELING TO INCREASE SELF-EFFICACY OF STUDENTS WHO EXPERIENCE BROKEN HOMES
Authors: Susgaleni Firstalenda , Ridlwan Muhamad Khoiri
Published: October 2024

A broken home has a tremendous impact on children, particularly on their psychology and daily life. The effects that arise include disappointment, difficulty in trusting others, disbelief in marriage, trauma, and low self-efficacy. Low self-efficacy is manifested by a lack of motivation to study, disbelief in one's abilities, inability to distinguish between right and wrong, and difficulty making decisions. The subjects of this research were 3 students from UIN Sayyid Ali Rahmatullah Tulungagung, all of whom shared the same background of being from broken homes. They felt almost the same, including feelings of neglect, disappointment, lack of motivation, and inability to discern what is good and right for themselves. The subjects participated in peer counseling services provided by the campus and felt better because their opinions were listened to without judgment. Therefore, peer counseling is very helpful in improving self-efficacy in students.
La Asociación 22 de Abril en Guadalajara: su participación en la vida cotidiana de los afectados
Authors:   El Colegio de Jalisco, Hurtado Martínez Alaíde
Published: October 2024

El objetivo de este artículo es analizar la visión del lesionado entre los miembros de la Asociación 22 de Abril en Guadalajara, su función en la vida cotidiana y su lucha por la atención de la salud. Este grupo está conformado por lesionados cuya salud resultó afectada por las explosiones ocurridas el 22 de abril de 1992 en Guadalajara. La intención es reflexionar sobre el concepto de ser lesionados y el papel de las emociones y el dolor en las estructuras de la vida cotidiana, así como acerca de las metas establecidas colectivamente respecto a la búsqueda de justicia por medio de la atención de la salud. Interesa estudiar estos dos escenarios tomando en cuenta: 1) la visión del lesionado desde el illness; 2) la lucha por la atención de la salud como pilar de la reconstrucción de la vida cotidiana, y 3) el dolor y las emociones como motores de la colectividad.
A Hybrid Spatial Fuzzy Inference and CNN Approach for Forecasting Changes in Remote Sensing
Authors: Le Minh Hoang
Published: October 2024

Satellite cloud images, captured by Earth observation satellites, provide crucial information for weather forecasting, aviation, natural resource management, and disaster response.  This study presents a novel method for detecting changes in satellite cloud images, combining convolutional neural networks (CNNs) for feature extraction with a spatial complex fuzzy inference system (CFIS). The CNNs effectively capture color channel features in the image blurring and deblurring processes, while the CFIS models the spatiotemporal relationships in the data. Experiments conducted on a US Navy satellite image dataset demonstrate the effectiveness and stability of our proposed method, outperforming related studies in terms of both root mean square error (RMSE) and R-squared (R2) metrics.
Spatial Dimensions of Multi-Criteria Analysis
Authors: Rinner Claus
Published: October 2024

Multi-criteria decision making (MCDM) has been introduced to GIS about 15 years ago. Decision rules that have been implemented in the GIS environment include weighted linear combination, analytical hierarchy process, ideal point analysis, concordance-discordance analysis, and ordered weighted averaging. The spatial dimensions of MCDM include spatially distributed decision-makers and decision alternatives, decision objectives relating to geographical objects, and a non-uniform weighting across space. However, few (if any) MCDM methods incorporate spatial relationships in the decision rule itself. This presentation suggests using geographical weighting to influence the calculation of aggregated suitability scores. Inverse distance-based weights are used to adapt the suitability of locations to their neighbours’ scores. This method was implemented in the thematic mapping package CommonGIS, and applied to a site selection problem to demonstrate the usefulness of geographically weighted MCDM. Through its interactive cartography, CommonGIS supports the application of geographical weighting in conjunction with other spatial dimensions of multi-criteria analysis. 
Using Multi-Criteria Analysis to Estimate Retail Site Attractiveness for the Huff Model
Authors: Rinner Claus , Matadeen Renacin , Swales Stephen J.
Published: October 2024

The Huff model is an advanced trade area delineation technique widely used in retail site selection. It is based on site attractiveness and distance, and models probabilities of customers patronizing specific retail locations. In this research, we examine the suitability of multi-criteria analysis (MCA) to estimate the attractiveness parameter in the Huff model. In a case study of shopping centres in Toronto, we illustrate that MCA provides a suitable framework for retail site attractiveness. However, variations in the MCA technique have noticeable impacts on the Huff model results. 
Offset or not: guidance on accounting for sampling effort in generalized linear models
Authors: Smith James
Published: October 2024

1. Observed data are often dependent on a measure of sampling effort, such as counts measured per unit area. A common tool to account for differences in effort is the ‘offset term’ in a generalized linear model, which allows for a fixed proportional relationship between effort and the response variable. However, there is limited detailed guidance on the application of offsets and transformations or when an estimated effort covariate might be more appropriate. 2. This article explores the parametrisation and implementation of the offset term, plus additional methods to account for sampling effort in regression models. We evaluate the performance of offsets and covariates across various data characteristics through simulation. 3. When uncertainty regarding the effort–response relationship exists, modelling sampling effort as a log-transformed covariate, ideally as a constrained smoother, is ideal because it covers most scenarios: a proportional relationship, a non-linear (e.g. saturated) relationship, and flexibility in multi-species or hurdle models (e.g. allowing effort to influence detection probability in a binomial model). I show that parameter recovery in effort-as-covariate models is generally robust in simple models, so a log-transformed offset is only advantageous when: a proportional relationship is well-supported, model complexity or data availability hinders covariate estimation, or non-linearity at data limits is uncertain. 4. Although our simulation showed reasonable performance of all sampling effort parameterisations, how to model effort remains a key decision, and one that benefits from considered thought before modelling occurs. The nature of the effort–response relationship (i.e. proportional, otherwise linear on the link or original scales, or non-linear), and how multiple effort variables could be included in the same model, will benefit from both statistical and practical contexts and experience.
CAVITATION EROSION IN FRANCIS TURBINES
Authors: Palchenko O.
Published: October 2024

The phenomenon of secondary flow is a global problem that causes cavitation erosion in hydraulic equipment. Cavitation is a phenomenon of localised corrosion of the metal surface leading to instability and highly uneven flow behaviour with a consequent excessive noise, vibration, and decreased efficiency in Francis, Kaplan, and other turbines. Both Kaplan and Francis turbines are reaction turbines. Francis turbines (FT) are used worldwide due to their relatively compact design, high efficiency, and operation underwater at heights ranging from 100 to 300 m with an efficiency ranging from 90% to 95%.
The article analyses the latest relevant research conducted by various researchers on different turbine components. The analysis shows that this type of erosion depends on flow characteristics, surface, and properties of the material eroding. Tools for design optimisation, cavitation erosion, and well-conducted experiments will provide results for identifying and reducing erosion. Although some researchers conducted experimental work to study the effect of cavitation erosion, literature on computational fluid dynamics (CFD) is very scarce. Over the past two decades, experts have been applying CFD methods to detect cavitation by examining areas where the pressure is below the vapour pressure with a single-phase model. Most studies do not consider the impact of cavitation bubbles on the flow field. However, these methods cannot provide detailed information, such as the impact of cavitation on efficiency or a more accurate prediction of the cavitation bubble size.
Some researchers use cavitation inducers and some of the latest visualisation methods as experimental tools to study cavitation phenomena. In the last decade, a numerical methodology has been widely used in research and experiments, yielding significant results.
Studying cavitation erosion in hydroelectric turbine systems presents a complex challenge for future research. Many parameters and features still require further investigation. All the discussed studies have established that cavitation phenomena require state-of-the-art equipment for their detection and visualisation. Moreover, more work is necessary for the numerical assessment of cavitation.
Keywords: hydroelectric turbine, cavitation erosion, computational fluid dynamics.
ON THE ISSUE OF ENSURING THE OPERABILITY OF FREIGHT CAR AXLE BOXES
Authors: Martynov I. , Trufanova A. , Shovkun V. , Lytovchenko O. , Dmytrenko M. , Balashov O.
Published: October 2024

The article is devoted to analysing the reliability of freight car axle boxes. Wheelsets and axle boxes are especially important for ensuring the traffic safety of trains.
The study examined cases of cars uncoupling from a train along the route due to technical faults resulting in delays in train movement. The analysis covered the period of 1995–2023. It found that failures of car axle boxes and automatic brakes predominated. After a significant decrease from 2000–2014, the number of roller axle box failures in recent years fluctuated at 30% of the total number of uncouplings.
The analysis obtained a dependency for the change in car detachments due to roller bearing failures, calculated per 1,000 cars in the operating fleet. Despite fluctuations in the number of railcars, the safety level of operations in recent years remained virtually at the same level.
The study highlighted that excessive heating accompanies damage in the elements of the axle box unit. It considered methods for detecting possible failures and their advantages and disadvantages.
The authors identified the primary causes of axle box component failures. Cylindrical bearings and end mountings remain the most dangerous for failure probability. We demonstrated that the axle box design with cylindrical bearings has a fundamental flaw. Axial forces are perceived through the rolling friction of the ends of the rollers against the ring flanges, leading to the formation of ‘chevron’ scratches and dents on the roller ends, which are stress concentrators.
The study established that the surface of the axle box housing is constantly in contact with the side frame of the freight car bogie and wears out. It results in pinching of the axle box body and contributes to the appearance of additional permanent forces acting on the axle box assembly. The end-bearing mounts are weakened and destroyed. Skewed rollers in the bearings cause fatigue failure of the rolling races. It leads to increased heating of the axle box assemblies and uncoupling of the car. A promising direction is the improvement of axle box bodies.
Keywords: rolling stock, traffic safety, reliability, axle box assembly, roller bearing, axle box body, failure.
Litla Hollywood í Hafnarfirði: Staðmiðaður lesháttur og íslensk kvikmyndagerð á upphafsárum lýðveldisins
Authors: Vilhjálmsson Björn Þór
Published: October 2024

Í þessari grein er fjallað um lítt þekkt kvikmyndaumsvif Ásgeirs Long og Valgarðs Runólfssonar á sjötta áratug síðustu aldar. Þá sendu þeir frá sér annars vegar stuttmyndina Tunglið, tunglið taktu mig og svo hins vegar tíðarandaaðlögun á þjóðsagnaævintýrinu Gilitrutt, en síðarnefnda myndin var í fullri lengd og að hluta í lit. Fyrrnefnda stuttmyndin getur talist fyrsta íslenska vísindaskáldskaparmyndin, en hún segir frá ferðalagi til tunglsins í geimflaug. Þegar þangað er komið hittir geimfarinn Karlinn í tunglinu fyrir og lendir í kjölfarið í klóm ógnvænlegs köngulóarskrýmslis. Gilitrutt fjallar um bóndahjón sem lenda í útistöðum við tröllskessu sem býr í nálægu fjalli og sleppa með skrekkinn. Kvikmyndaaðlögunin er að mestu leyti trú þjóðsögunni, en nokkrar þungvægar breytingar eru þó gerðar og um þær er fjallað í greininni. Kvikmyndirnar eru báðar skoðaðar í ljósi frásagnaraðferðar, tæknilegrar umgjarðar, sjónrænnar áferðar og menningarlegra skírskotana, auk þess sem kvikmyndastarf Ásgeirs og Valgarðs er sett í sögulegt samhengi. Þá er sett fram viðtökufræðileg kenning um staðmiðaðan leshátt fyrir íslenskar kvikmyndir á tímabilinu fyrir stofnun Kvikmyndasjóðs, en viðmiðin fyrir slíkan leshátt eru skýrð með tilvísun til fræðaskrifa um kvikmyndagerð smáþjóða.
Sósíalismi og bókmenntaform í Perú
Authors: Arguedas José María
Published: October 2024

Greinin kannar hvernig félagslegt raunsæi hafði áhrif á skáldskap perúska 20. aldar rithöfundarins José María Arguedas. Gegn þeim móderníska lestri sem sér verk Arguedas sem heimóttarlega eftirlíkingu af raunveruleikanum setur þessi ritgerð verk hans í samhengi við alþjóðlega strauma sem „rauð“ bókmenntakerfi settu af stað. Gegn þeirri túlkun sem leggur áherslu á menningarlega sjálfsmynd og mismun í verkum Arguedas, sérstaklega þegar kemur að menningu frumbyggja Andesfjallanna, kannar greinin raunsæisverk Arguedas sem leið til að skilja útþenslu kapítalisma og heimsvaldastefnu í Perú. Með áherslu á skáldsöguna Yawar fiesta, heldur þessi ritgerð fram að Arguedas hafi þróað sérstaka raunsæisaðferð með rætur í materíalískum skilningi á sögunni.
Hjá héraðslækni á Íslandi eftir mislukkaða heimsreisu: Albert Daudistel, alþjóðasinnaðar bókmenntir og útlegðin á Íslandi
Authors: Bokelmann Jonas
Published: October 2024

Greinin fjallar um verk þýska byltingarsinnans og öreigahöfundarins Alberts Daudistel og lýsir tengslum þeirra við tvær tegundir rauðra heimsbókmennta frá upphafi þriðja áratugarins til loka þess fimmta. Hún kannar með hvaða hætti Daudistel, sem hafði tekið virkan þátt í þýsku nóvemberbyltingunni árið 1918 og gegnt pólitísku hlutverki á tíma ráðstjórnarlýðveldisins í Bæjaralandi vorið 1919, var fulltrúi þeirrar fyrri tegundar rauðra heimsbókmennta sem tók á sig mynd á þriðja áratugnum. Greinin dregur fram tengsl Daudistels við mikilvægar stofnanir þessa sérstæða bókmenntavettvangs og lykilaðila innan hans. Einnig varpar hún ljósi á hvernig Daudistel tengdist myndun nýs hefðarveldis byltingarsinnaðra bókmennta á þessu tímabili. Enn fremur er kannað, með hliðsjón af söguþræði og frásagnarbyggingu, að hvaða marki sumir texta höfundarins eru lýsandi dæmi um lykilhugmyndir þessarar fyrri tegundar rauðra heimsbókmennta, þ.á m. hugmyndina um misgengi byltingarþróunar og verkalýðsmenningar í ólíkum heimshlutum, sem síður var litið á sem veikleika en mögulegan styrk. Með greiningu á ævisögulegum heimildum og tveimur síðari textum, smásögunni „Beim Distriktarzt auf Island“ og óútgefnu skáldsögunni Die Insel des fremden Königs, er loks kannað með hvaða hætti Daudistel hélt fast í hugmyndir þessarar fyrri tegundar byltingarsinnaðra bókmennta í útlegð sinni á Íslandi, en miðlaði einnig meginhugmyndum síðari tegundar rauðra heimsbókmennta, sem kalla mætti „alþjóðasinnaðar samfylkingarbókmenntir“. Hér svipar stöðu hans að mörgu leyti til stöðu Egons Erwins Kisch sem var lykilhöfundur á samfylkingartímabilinu en hélt þó áfram að skrifa texta sem voru frekar í anda hugmynda um margbrotna alþjóðlega verkalýðsmenningu, sem rekja má til alþjóðasinnaðra bókmennta þriðja áratugarins.
Multivariate approach applied to phenotypic traits as a function of the selection of soybean cultivars
Authors: Foleto Eduardo Ely , Carvalho Ivan Ricardo , Ottonelli Alexandre Kaue Foguesatto , Silva José Antonio Gonzalez , Conceição Gerusa Massuquini , Bandeira Willyan Júnior Adorian , Bruinsma Gabriel Mathais Weimer , Sangiovo Jaqueline Piasanti
Published: October 2024

The objective of this work was to identify superior soybean cultivars through a multivariate approach applied to phenotypic traits. This study was developed in the 2023/2024 agricultural harvest, in the experimental area of ​​the Regional Institute for Rural Development, at UNIJUÍ. It is located in the municipality of Augusto Pestana, in the state of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. The experimental design used was randomized blocks with internal blocks, with the treatment being ten cultivars and five replications. The trial of ten cultivars in the northwest of the state of Rio Grande do Sul demonstrated that the soybean cultivar with the highest yield was NS5922IPRO, with 5235.3 kg ha-1. The multivariate approaches formed two groups to explain the factors that influenced yield, where the first was discrepant for the variables Euschistus heros, phytotoxicity, Fusarium solanie, Macrophomina phaseolina, Conyza bonariensis, production zone area, number of total nodes in the branch, branch number, root length, number of vegetables with 4 grains, number of vegetables with 0 grains and vegetable grain weight of 2 grains. The second similar group for the variables Diabrotica speciosa, Caliothrips brasiliensis, Euschisthus heros, Phakopsora pachyrhizi and Cercospora sojina, area of ​​production zone, number of vegetables with zero grains. The trial of ten cultivars in the northwest of the state of Rio Grande do Sul demonstrated that the soybean cultivar with the highest yield was NS5922IPRO, with 5235.3 kg ha-1. The multivariate approaches formed two groups to explain the factors that influenced grain yield.
Agronomic performance of soybean and its relation with the production environment
Authors: Prauchner Éverton Deckert , Lima Laura Ramos , Heusner Lisa Brönstrup , Carvalho Ivan Ricardo , Bruinsma Gabriel Mathias Weimer , Bandeira Willyan Júnior Adorian , Sangiovo Jaqueline Piesanti , Silva José Antonio Gonzalez , Conceição Gerusa Massuquini
Published: October 2024

The objective of the work is to identify the agronomic performance of soybeans and correlate meteorological attributes with yield components. The study was carried out at the Escola Fazenda of the Regional University of the Northwest of the State of Rio Grande do Sul - UNIJUÍ, located in Augusto Pestana – RS. The experimental design used was randomized blocks, consisting of 10 genotypes and five replications. Descriptive analysis was performed using mean plus standard deviation for variables that presented a coefficient of variation greater than 35%; normality and homogeneity tests were also performed, as well as analysis of variance, Tukey mean comparison tests and linear correlations supported by the t-test. Soybean grain yield is closely linked to meteorological elements, which play a crucial role in the fluctuations and frustrations of soybean agricultural harvests in the municipalities of Rio Grande do Sul. The significant correlations between yield indicate that the water factor is what more affects production. The TMG7362IPRO cultivar had a higher yield with 73 bags per ha-1. -Iin this context, the soybean GMR also influenced yield in relation to climatic relations and had a better positioning.
Literasi Keuangan Melalui Gerakan Gemar Menabung Sejak Dini di Kalangan Sekolah Pinggiran Sriwijaya
Authors: Marissa Feny , Deassy  Apriani  , Nazeli Adnan
Published: October 2024

This activity aims to raise awareness and provide an understanding about financial literacy through early savings activities for the children in Sekolah Pinggiran Sriwijaya so they can improve the quality of life and walfare in the future. The implementation method for this activity is carried out in three stages that are 1)discussion; 2)tutorial and; 3)practice. The results showed that children can understand about importance of saving from an early age to adopt frugal lifestyle for a better future. Furthermore, children have succeeded in setting aside their pocket money to be saved ini piggy banks which they have decorated with their own creativity.
Upaya Mengurangi Rendahnya Minat Literasi pada Siswa Kelas 6 SDN Plerean 2 Kabupaten Jember
Authors: Mutmainnah Mutmainnah , Agustin Erninda Puji , Setianto Bayu , Balya Dhanial , Allam Daffa` Abiyyu Sulthan , Daniaturrohman Fida , Wardana Hengky , Meylani Dian , Mahbubah Zaitun , Arifin Irman , Sunarko Viandra Rafelia Cahya , Rohman Irsyad Zaki , Laily Faikhatul , Ramadani Fitria Ayu , Kurniawati Nani
Published: October 2024

The "Melek Literasi" work program began on August 3, 2024, in SDN Plerean 2 in Sumberjambe District. The goal of this study was to improve grade 6 students' interest in reading literacy at SDN Plerean 2, Sumberjambe District. This work program is intended to promote the formation of a literacy culture at a young age, with a particular focus on grade 6 children who will shortly continue their education to a higher level, namely Junior High School. The primary material utilised in this program is micro fiction novels, which are meant to develop interest in reading literacy among grade 6 pupils. This work program began with a site study and collaboration with teachers and the administrator of SDN Plerean 2 in Sumberjambe District. Of the 28 pupils in Class 6 of SDN 2 Plerean, 26 said they were motivated to read more. The work program of the Jember Collaborative KKN students at Posko 205 in Plerean Village is projected to help reduce oscillations in reading interest rates in Indonesia and enhance the accomplishment of national literacy objectives.
Versatile high-throughput lipidomics
Authors:   , Jeucken Aike
Published: October 2024

In Chapter 1 many different lipids are introduced, and their functions besides structural functions are introduced and discussed. Mass spectrometry for lipid analysis is discussed, moreover the model organism Escherichia coli (E. coli) and its lipid metabolism are introduced.
Chapter 2 describes the current state-of-the-art lipidomic analysis using LC-MS for glycerophospholipids. A novel high-throughput lipidomic platform is developed and used for comprehensive functional characterization of E. coli lipid-genes in Chapter 3. This lipidomic platform is also applicable to other organisms, as shown for HeLa cell cultures in Chapter 4. In Chapter 5 the foreign lipid triacylglycerol is introduced in E. coli and storage of this neutral lipid is investigated. Chapter 6 describes how cardiolipin synthases can produce and metabolize foreign lipid classes including PC and phosphatidyl-alcohols. The overall findings are summarized and discussed in Chapter 7.
CURRENT ISSUES IN THE FIGHT WITH ECONOMIC CRIME IN THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION
Authors:   North Caucasus Institute for Advanced Studies (branch) of the Krasnodar University of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia, Nalchik, Russia, SHKHAGAPSOEV Z.L.
Published: October 2024

The rise in illegal behavior is causing serious damage to the Russian state. In this regard, the fight against this crime is one of the priorities of law enforcement agencies. The formation and development of economic crime is influenced by a number of factors. They are formed within the framework of the domestic and foreign policies of the Russian state, and are also reflected in the state of legislation. This fact determines the relevance of the analysis of mechanisms to combat economic crimes in modern economic, political and legal realities. The purpose of the presented study is to analyze the current state of the mechanisms for combating economic crime in the Russian Federation and to determine promising directions for their development. The author comes to the conclusion that modern mechanisms for combating economic crime in the Russian Federation demonstrate very effective indicators, which is clearly reflected in the annual identification of a fairly large number of relevant acts. The prospects of targeted work with economic entities to prevent the spread of criminal ideas are noted. Attention is focused on current trends in the development of economic crime in the Russian Federation, which must be taken into account primarily when improving existing mechanisms for combating the above-mentioned illegal behavior.
CURRENT PROBLEMS OF COUNTERING ADMINISTRATIVE OFFENSE COMPLETED USING INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY
Authors:   Scientific Research Institute of the Federal Penitentiary Service, Moscow, Russia, DUGENETS A.S. , KANUNNIKOVA N.G. ,   North Caucasian Institute of Advanced Training (branch) of Krasnodar University of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia, Nalchik, Russia
Published: October 2024

The processes of informatization and digitalization are intensified in many spheres of life of Russian society and the state, which, in addition to the positive impact, creates significant threats of the spread of illegal practices associated with the use of modern information and digital technologies. Despite the fact that the legal regulation of information legal relations in the Russian Federation is currently receiving close attention, the popularity of mobile communications, the Internet and other technologies for remote interaction of the population causes an expansion in the scope of illegal behavior. In this context, the study of modern mechanisms for combating administrative offenses committed using information technologies is of particular importance. The purpose of the presented study is to analyze the state of modern mechanisms for combating administrative offenses committed using information technologies, identifying existing problems and determining ways to solve them. The author comes to the conclusion that modern mechanisms for countering these acts are characterized by the presence of a number of problems that are objectively determined by the dynamics of information and digital progress, which are ahead of the legal regulation of the stated area, and therefore difficulties arise in identifying, qualifying offenses and imposing fair and proportionate punishment. The fundamental importance of preventive and preventive activities is noted in terms of increasing the level of information and digital literacy to ensure the safe use of modern technologies, which will significantly reduce the vulnerability of the Russian population to offenses of this nature.
Association between sarcopenia and osteoporosis: the cross-sectional study from NHANES 1999–2020 and a bi-directions Mendelian randomization study
Authors: Zhu Yuan , Zeng Qingyue , Shi Yi , Qin Yu , Liu Simin , Yang Yuhao , Qiu Yu , Pan Mengjia , An Zhenmei , Li Shuangqing
Published: October 2024

Background

Osteoporosis (OP) and sarcopenia are prevalent musculoskeletal conditions among the elderly. Nevertheless, the causal relationship between sarcopenia and OP remains a subject of controversy and uncertainty. In this study, we employed cross-sectional analysis and Mendelian randomization (MR) to investigate the intricate relationship between sarcopenia and OP.

Methods

The cross-sectional study utilized data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) spanning 1999-2020, which involved in 116,876 participants. It assessed the correlation between sarcopenia, osteoporosis (OP), and bone mineral density (BMD) using Chi-square tests, T-tests, and a multiple logistic regression model. Additionally, we conducted Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis to investigate the causal effects of sarcopenia-related characteristics (ALM) on OP. We employed IVW, sensitivity analysis, heterogeneity testing, and other methods for MR. The ALM data was sourced from the UK Biobank (n=450,243), while the aggregated data on OP was obtained from GWAS statistics (n=53,236).

Results

In this cross-sectional analysis, we observed that in the multivariate logistic regression model, without adjusting for any variables, OP emerged as a risk factor for sarcopenia [OR 95% CI = 1.90 (1.13-3.18), P = 0.02]. Following adjustments for gender, age, BMI, and biochemical variables, OP retained its status as a risk factor for sarcopenia [OR 95% CI = 3.54 (1.91-6.54), P < 0.001]. Moreover, after accounting for all variables, OP emerged as an independent risk factor for sarcopenia [OR 95% CI = 4.57 (1.47-14.22), P = 0.01].In the MR analysis, we uncovered that femoral neck BMD (FN BMD), lumbar spine BMD (LS BMD), and forearm bone mineral density (FA BMD) exerted a direct causal influence on ALM [FA BMD: OR 95% CI = 1.028 (1.008, 1.049), p = 0.006; FN BMD: OR (95% CI) = 1.131 (1.092, 1.170), p = 3.18E-12; LS BMD: OR (95% CI) = 1.080 (1.062, 1.098), p = 2.86E-19].

Conclusion

Our study has revealed a positive correlation between OP and the prevalence of sarcopenia. It suggests a potentially robust causal relationship between OP and sarcopenia. Notably, OP appears to be associated with a higher likelihood of losing ALM, and a significant loss of ALM may contribute to a decline in LS BMD.
Survey of in vitro fertilization add-ons in Japan (Izanami project)
Authors: Shionoya N. , Yamada M. , Harada S. , Shirasawa H. , Jwa S. Chik , Kuroda K. , Harada M. , Osuga Y.
Published: October 2024

Objective

To identify any correlations between evidence levels, adoption rates, and additional costs of in vitro fertilization (IVF) add-ons.

Design

Online survey.

Subjects

The survey was conducted in 621 assisted reproductive technology-registered facilities that are members of the Japanese Society of Obstetrics and Gynecology from December 22, 2021, to February 13, 2022.

Exposure

The survey included details regarding the specific add-on modalities employed and their associated costs; inquiries pertained to the fertility healthcare infrastructure in Japan before the implementation of the National Health Insurance scheme.

Main outcome measures

The correlation between the adoption rate and cost of IVF add-ons and their evidence levels were analyzed. The evidence level of the add-on treatments was classified into Green, Amber, and Red categories based on the United Kingdom’s Human Fertilisation and Embryology Authority and Cochrane systematic reviews.

Results

A total of 438 eligible responses were analyzed, with clinics constituting 70.9% of the respondents’ facilities. A total of 18 add-ons were assessed, and 96.5% (423/438) of facilities used at least one add-on. A positive correlation of the adoption rate and an inverse correlation of the cost with the evidence level of the IVF add-on treatment were observed (not significant). Outpatient clinics, defined as medical facilities with no beds, had a significantly higher adoption rate (Amber, 65.7%; Red, 52.0%) of add-ons than other facilities, regardless of the evidence rating, although the costs were similar across all site attributes.

Conclusion

Accumulating evidence on the efficacy and safety of add-ons will lead to the development of medical care with a high-cost benefit, as an increase in the adoption rate and a decrease in cost are expected when limiting to medical care with a high level of evidence.