bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Numerical simulation research of inner ballistic overload of guided projectile based on coated mixed charge
Authors: Ji Guofeng , Tu Xinxin , Nan Fengqiang , Liu Qiong , Du Ping
Published: June 2022

In order to study the numerical variation law of the internal ballistic overload of the guided projectile under different coated mixed charge structures, and to provide a basis for the development of a new type of high muzzle velocity and low overload propellant charge design, taking a large-caliber suppressed artillery as the simulation object, the layered combustion model of the coated propellant was established by using the one-dimensional two-phase flow theory, and the lace 37-hole nitroguanidine propellant was used as the main charge (MC) and lace 19-hole nitroguanidine coated propellant as auxiliary charge (B). The effects of mixed charges with different charge mass, different mixing ratios and different coating layer thicknesses on the internal ballistic overload value were studied by simulation calculation. The research results show that the increase of the total charge mass will increase the overload impact of the guided projectile and the muzzle velocity of the projectile ; with the increase of the thickness of the coating layer and the proportion of the coated propellant in the mixed charge ratios, the longitudinal overload and the muzzle velocity of the projectile in the chamber of the guided projectile will be decreased to a certain extent and the time point when the maximum overload occurs will be delayed; under the structure of the coated mixed charge, the influence of the proportion of coated propellant in different mixed charge ratios and the coating layer thickness of coated propellant on the launch overload of the guided projectile is greater than the muzzle velocity of the projectile, and the effect of reducing the firing overload in the chamber by increasing the proportion of coated propellant in different mixed charge ratios is the most significant.
China biomass-to-heat market evaluation and policy recommendations of development
Authors: Wang Chao , Li Qingyuan , Xu Shipei , Zhang Xin , Qiu Minjian , Chen Yiming
Published: June 2022

This research focused on comparative analysis on the economic efficiency of biomass-to-heat with that of traditional modes of heat production by coal, oil and natural gas in a bid to determine the competitiveness, and potential for scaling up and commercialization. The research showed that BMF-to-heat is competitive and its cost is equivalent to coal in some regions in China, especially where with a higher demand for clean energy, BMF will become the best alternative. However, in regions where coal price is low, BMF is less competitive and supportive government policies are required to further promote its application. Biomass gasification and biomethane/biogas are slightly less competitive than coal, but slightly more than gas. They are relatively promising to commercialize. Based on the market evaluation research results, this paper proposes the policy recommendations for the large-scale and commercial development of biomass energy heating in China.
Geographical-environmental factors extraction and analysis for optical astronomical site selection based on multi-source remote sensing in Lenghu, Qinghai Province
Authors: Liu Haocheng , Huang Xinhua , Meng Qingkai
Published: June 2022

At present, there are scarce sites that can require high-quality astronomical observations over the world, therefore, analysis of geographical-environmental factors and extraction of the potential places for astronomical observations is of significance. Remote sensing has the specific advantage for rapid and widespread monitoring and geo-spatial analysis. In this paper, Precipitable Water Vapor (PWV), clear nights, altitude and surface coverage, these four parameters associated with optical astronomical observation was selected, Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) evaluating model was adopted to determine the weighting parameters and calculated geo-environmental suitability. The results show that: (1) The lenghu region is characterized by seasonal variation with high PWV in summer and low PWV in the winter, representing non-summer periods are the best observation time. (2) The Lenghu region has relatively high clear nights with more than half of times through one year is suitable for observation. (3) Based on Geoenvironmental suitability mapping,Saishiteng Mountain is selected as a priority site for optical astronomical sites.
Aging mechanisms analysis of Graphite/LiNi0.80Co0.15Al0.05O2 lithium-ion batteries among the whole life cycle at different temperatures
Authors: Luo Wei , Yang Xiaolong , Qiao Sheng
Published: June 2022

Lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) are widely used in electric vehicles, while capacity fading happens due to unwanted side reactions during cycling. Therefore, it is of great significance to study the aging mechanisms of LIBs among the whole life cycle for the use and design of LIBs. In this study, the aging experiments of Graphite/LiNi0.80Co0.15Al0.05O2 (NCA) batteries were conducted at 25°C and 45°C, the aging mechanisms were examined by differential voltage analysis method and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy analysis method, and verified by microscopic morphology observation. The results show that the loss of anode active material and lithium ions are the main degradation modes, and the lithium plating side reaction at the late aging stage is the inducement of capacity plunge both at 25°C and 45°C. But the causes of lithium plating are different, at 25 °C, the growth of solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) leads to lithium plating, while at 45 °C, the accumulation of gas leads to lithium plating.
Research on 1000MW double reheat ultra-supercritical six-cylinder six-exhaust steam-turbine generator set
Authors: Li Wei , Chen Yongshun , Jia Changwu , Ma Kuiyuan , Cong Ming , Chen Zenghui
Published: June 2022

This paper introduces the application technology of a millionsecond reheat ultra-supercritical six cylinder six exhaust steam turbine, through the analysis of six cylinder six exhaust steam overall design scheme, to calculate the stability of the shafting, and compared with the five cylinder four exhaust schemes. The results show that, the design scheme of six cylinder six exhaust steam turbine is breakthrough in the stability of shafting, at the same time, optimize the exhaust parameters of the low-pressure cylinder, make the unit back pressure at 2.9 kPa. Through the comparison of two schemes, six cylinder six exhaust steam turbine scheme can save the standard coal consumption by about 2.28 g/kWh per year, save coal cost about 6.27 million. However, the initial investment increased by 55 million, and the investment cost can be recovered in 8.8 years, its has high investment value and social benefits.
Energetic salt of guanidinium 3,7-Bis(dinitromethylene)-octahydro-[1,2,4]-triazino-[6,5-e][1,2,4]triazine and its crystal structure
Authors: Zhou Yifei , Gao Haixiang
Published: June 2022

Energetic salt of guanidinium 3,7-Bis(dinitromethylene)-octahydro-[1,2,4]-triazino-[6,5-e][1,2,4]triazine(1) was prepared through the reaction of 3,7-Bis(dinitromethylene)-octahydro-[1,2,4]-triazino-[6,5-e][1,2,4]triazine with guanidinium carbonate. The crystal structure of 1 was characterized. It is the first bicyclic energetic salt based on 3,7-Bis(dinitromethylene)-octahydro-[1,2,4]-triazino-[6,5-e][1,2,4]triazine.
Nordhaus–Gaddum type inequalities on the total Italian domination number in graphs
Authors: Sheikholeslami Seyed Mahmoud , Volkmann Lutz
Published: June 2022

Let G be a graph with vertex set V(G). A total Italian dominating function (TIDF) on a graph G is a function f : V(G) → {0, 1, 2} such that (i) every vertex v with f(v) = 0 is adjacent to a vertex u with f(u) = 2 or to two vertices w and z with f(w) = f(z) = 1, and (ii) every vertex v with f(v) ≥ 1 is adjacent to a vertex u with f(u) ≥ 1. The total Italian domination number γtI(G) on a graph G is the minimum weight of a total Italian dominating function. In this paper, we present Nordhaus–Gaddum type inequalities for the total Italian domination number.
Repair of Septal Perforations
Authors: Kimura Kyle S. , Ortiz Alexandra S. , Stephan Scott J.
Published: June 2022

Nasal septal perforations have varied etiologies, clinical presentations, and methods of management. Some patients may be asymptomatic, while others may complain of nasal obstruction, crusting, epistaxis, and whistling. Management of nasal septal perforations is guided by the patient's symptoms and characteristics of the perforation. Some lesions can be managed conservatively or with minimally invasive procedures, while others require surgery. Surgical repair of perforations can be challenging and many techniques have been described without a standardized method of management. This article aims to provide a comprehensive review of options for repair of nasal septal perforations.
New Behavioral Signs of Consciousness in Patients with Severe Brain Injuries
Authors: Mat Beril , Sanz Leandro R.D. , Arzi Anat , Boly Melanie , Laureys Steven , Gosseries Olivia
Published: June 2022

Diagnostic and prognostic assessment of patients with disorders of consciousness (DoC) presents ethical and clinical implications as they may affect the course of medical treatment and the decision to withdraw life-sustaining therapy. There has been increasing research in this field to lower misdiagnosis rates by developing standardized and consensual tools to detect consciousness. In this article, we summarize recent evidence regarding behavioral signs that are not yet included in the current clinical guidelines but could detect consciousness. The new potential behavioral signs of consciousness described here are as follows: resistance to eye opening, spontaneous eye blink rate, auditory localization, habituation of auditory startle reflex, olfactory sniffing, efficacy of swallowing/oral feeding, leg crossing, facial expressions to noxious stimulation, and subtle motor behaviors. All of these signs show promising results in discriminating patients' level of consciousness. Multimodal studies with large sample sizes in different centers are needed to further evaluate whether these behaviors reliably indicate the presence of consciousness. Future translation of these research findings into clinical practice has potential to improve the accuracy of diagnosis and prognostication for patients with DoC.
An Uncommon Case of Celiac Disease and Deep Cerebral Venous Sinus Thrombosis
Authors: Singla Monika , Singh Balveen , Midha Vandana , Paul Birinder S.
Published: June 2022

Celiac disease is an enteropathy characterized by malabsorption related with gluten intolerance and immune-mediated pathogenesis. It may manifest with gastrointestinal features like diarrhea, abdominal pain, weight loss, and anemia. Besides, it can manifest with various extraintestinal features like ataxia, neuropathy, stroke, or sometimes venous sinus thrombosis. Being of autoimmune origin, relation with systemic lupus erythematosus has also been reported. Herein, we present a rare case of a young patient with celiac disease who presented with fever, headache, and altered sensorium and was found to have meningitis with deep cerebral venous sinus thrombosis.
Prospitalia Jahreskongress in Frankfurt: Im Dialog liegt die Zukunft
Authors: Saatci Bünyamin
Published: June 2022

Auf dem Prospitalia Jahreskongress 2022, der pandemiebedingt in hybrider Form stattfand, tauschten sich 1 200 Teilnehmer über den Weg in die Zukunft der Krankenhäuser aus.
Update MDR: Ein Flickenteppich mit Risiken
Authors: Folttmann Amelie , Dillschneider Jutta
Published: June 2022

Der Geltungsbeginn der Verordnung (EU) 2017/745 war vor rund einem Jahr. Die Medical Device Regulation (MDR) stellt Krankenhäuser, Händler und Medizinproduktehersteller vor große Herausforderungen. Der Artikel gibt einen Überblick über den Implementierungsfortschritt der MDR, die alltäglichen Auswirkungen für die verschiedenen Stakeholder, bereits ergangene Rechtsprechung und darüber, welche Probleme sich in der nahen Zukunft stellen werden.
Studie: Nachhaltigkeit von Medizinprodukten als zukünftiger Entscheidungsfaktor
Authors: Schilling Max , Dinger Alisa
Published: June 2022

Klinken müssen sich die Frage stellen, in welchem Ausmaß ökologische Faktoren – neben Reputation der Patientenversorgung – die Wahl des Krankenhauses beeinflussen werden. Das Recycling von Einweg-Endoskopen kann daher ein Ansatz für mehr Nachhaltigkeit und Differenzierung im Wettbewerb sein.
Maximizing the efficiency of transverse thermoelectric generators
Authors: Green Leigh Ann
Published: June 2022

Goniopolar materials and device geometry aid in generator waste heat recovery.
Community-driven health research in the Torres Strait
Authors: Wapau Hylda , Kris Ella , Roeder Luisa ,   on behalf of the Australian Institute of Tropical Health and Medicine Torres Strait Community-Driven Research Collaboration
Published: June 2022

Background In July 2018, participants at a Waiben (Thursday Island) conference declared that it was time for a locally driven research agenda for the Torres Strait and Queensland Northern Peninsula Area. For decades, they felt exploited by outside researchers. They identified a lack of respect and consultation, with few benefits for their people. Methods In response, the Australian Institute of Tropical Health and Medicine (Waiben Campus‐Ngulaigau Mudh) invited a consultative group of elders and senior health providers to develop a research program based on local cultural and health needs. The aim was to promote research skills through a learn-by-doing approach. Four workshops were conducted over 2019. Key financial and in-kind support was provided by the Australian Institute of Tropical Health and Medicine, Hot North, and Queensland Health’s Torres and Cape Hospital and Health Service. Results The first workshop attracted 24 people; none had previous research experience. The workshop format evolved over 2019, mainly guided by the participants. Overall, feedback was positive, and participant research proposals remain in various stages of development. Conclusions Although suspended during the COVID-19 pandemic, this is a long-term investment in community-driven research that seeks to translate health benefits to the people. This model may apply to other communities, especially in rural and remote Australia. Warning This article contains the names and/or images of deceased Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples.
Efficacy of a spatial repellent for control of
Aedes
-borne virus transmission: A cluster-randomized trial in Iquitos, Peru
Authors: Morrison Amy C. , Reiner Robert C. , Elson William H. , Astete Helvio , Guevara Carolina , del Aguila Clara , Bazan Isabel , Siles Crystyan , Barrera Patricia , Kawiecki Anna B. , Barker Christopher M. , Vasquez Gissella M. , Escobedo-Vargas Karin , Flores-Mendoza Carmen , Huaman Alfredo A. , Leguia Mariana , Silva Maria E. , Jenkins Sarah A. , Campbell Wesley R. , Abente Eugenio J. , Hontz Robert D. , Paz-Soldan Valerie A. , Grieco John P. , Lobo Neil F. , Scott Thomas W. , Achee Nicole L.
Published: June 2022

Over half the world’s population is at risk for viruses transmitted by
Aedes
mosquitoes, such as dengue and Zika. The primary vector,
Aedes aegypti
, thrives in urban environments. Despite decades of effort, cases and geographic range of
Aedes
-borne viruses (ABVs) continue to expand. Rigorously proven vector control interventions that measure protective efficacy against ABV diseases are limited to
Wolbachia
in a single trial in Indonesia and do not include any chemical intervention. Spatial repellents, a new option for efficient deployment, are designed to decrease human exposure to ABVs by releasing active ingredients into the air that disrupt mosquito–human contact. A parallel, cluster-randomized controlled trial was conducted in Iquitos, Peru, to quantify the impact of a transfluthrin-based spatial repellent on human ABV infection. From 2,907 households across 26 clusters (13 per arm), 1,578 participants were assessed for seroconversion (primary endpoint) by survival analysis. Incidence of acute disease was calculated among 16,683 participants (secondary endpoint). Adult mosquito collections were conducted to compare
Ae. aegypti
abundance, blood-fed rate, and parity status through mixed-effect difference-in-difference analyses. The spatial repellent significantly reduced ABV infection by 34.1% (one-sided 95% CI lower limit, 6.9%; one-sided
P
value = 0.0236, z = 1.98).
Aedes aegypti
abundance and blood-fed rates were significantly reduced by 28.6 (95% CI 24.1%, ∞); z = −9.11) and 12.4% (95% CI 4.2%, ∞);
z
= −2.43), respectively. Our trial provides conclusive statistical evidence from an appropriately powered, preplanned cluster-randomized controlled clinical trial of the impact of a chemical intervention, in this case a spatial repellent, to reduce the risk of ABV transmission compared to a placebo.
A fine balance of hydrophobic-electrostatic communication pathways in a pH-switching protein
Authors: MacKenzie Duncan W. S. , Schaefer Anna , Steckner Julia , Leo Christopher A. , Naser Dalia , Artikis Efrosini , Broom Aron , Ko Travis , Shah Purnank , Ney Mikaela Q. , Tran Elisa , Smith Martin T. J. , Fuglestad Brian , Wand A. Joshua , Brooks Charles L. , Meiering Elizabeth M.
Published: June 2022

Allostery is the phenomenon of coupling between distal binding sites in a protein. Such coupling is at the crux of protein function and regulation in a myriad of scenarios, yet determining the molecular mechanisms of coupling networks in proteins remains a major challenge. Here, we report mechanisms governing pH-dependent myristoyl switching in monomeric hisactophilin, whereby the myristoyl moves between a sequestered state, i.e., buried within the core of the protein, to an accessible state, in which the myristoyl has increased accessibility for membrane binding. Measurements of the pH and temperature dependence of amide chemical shifts reveal protein local structural stability and conformational heterogeneity that accompany switching. An analysis of these measurements using a thermodynamic cycle framework shows that myristoyl-proton coupling at the single-residue level exists in a fine balance and extends throughout the protein. Strikingly, small changes in the stereochemistry or size of core and surface hydrophobic residues by point mutations readily break, restore, or tune myristoyl switch energetics. Synthesizing the experimental results with those of molecular dynamics simulations illuminates atomistic details of coupling throughout the protein, featuring a large network of hydrophobic interactions that work in concert with key electrostatic interactions. The simulations were critical for discerning which of the many ionizable residues in hisactophilin are important for switching and identifying the contributions of nonnative interactions in switching. The strategy of using temperature-dependent NMR presented here offers a powerful, widely applicable way to elucidate the molecular mechanisms of allostery in proteins at high resolution.
The evening complex integrates photoperiod signals to control flowering in rice
Authors: Andrade Luis , Lu Yunlong , Cordeiro André , Costa João M. F. , Wigge Philip A. , Saibo Nelson J. M. , Jaeger Katja E.
Published: June 2022

Plants use photoperiodism to activate flowering in response to a particular daylength. In rice, flowering is accelerated in short-day conditions, and even a brief exposure to light during the dark period (night-break) is sufficient to delay flowering. Although many of the genes involved in controlling flowering in rice have been uncovered, how the long- and short-day flowering pathways are integrated, and the mechanism of photoperiod perception is not understood. While many of the signaling components controlling photoperiod-activated flowering are conserved between
Arabidopsis
and rice, flowering in these two systems is activated by opposite photoperiods. Here we establish that photoperiodism in rice is controlled by the evening complex (EC). We show that mutants in the EC genes
LUX ARRYTHMO
(
LUX
) and
EARLY FLOWERING3
(
ELF3
) paralogs abolish rice flowering. We also show that the EC directly binds and suppresses the expression of flowering repressors, including
PRR37
and
Ghd7
. We further demonstrate that light acts via phyB to cause a rapid and sustained posttranslational modification of ELF3-1. Our results suggest a mechanism by which the EC is able to control both long- and short-day flowering pathways.
The structure of prior knowledge enhances memory in experts by reducing interference
Authors: Wing Erik A. , Burles Ford , Ryan Jennifer D. , Gilboa Asaf
Published: June 2022

The influence of prior knowledge on memory is ubiquitous, making the specific mechanisms of this relationship difficult to disentangle. Here, we show that expert knowledge produces a fundamental shift in the way that interitem similarity (i.e., the perceived resemblance between items in a set) biases episodic recognition. Within a group of expert birdwatchers and matched controls, we characterized the psychological similarity space for a set of well-known local species and a set of less familiar, nonlocal species. In experts, interitem similarity was influenced most strongly by taxonomic features, whereas in controls, similarity judgments reflected bird color. In controls, perceived episodic oldness during a recognition memory task increased along with measures of global similarity between items, consistent with classic models of episodic recognition. Surprisingly, for experts, high global similarity did not drive oldness signals. Instead, for local birds memory tracked the availability of species-level name knowledge, whereas for nonlocal birds, it was mediated by the organization of generalized conceptual space. These findings demonstrate that episodic memory in experts can benefit from detailed subcategory knowledge, or, lacking that, from the overall relational structure of concepts. Expertise reshapes psychological similarity space, helping to resolve mnemonic separation challenges arising from high interitem overlap. Thus, even in the absence of knowledge about item-specific details or labels, the presence of generalized knowledge appears to support episodic recognition in domains of expertise by altering the typical relationship between psychological similarity and memory.
Politeness in hotel service encounter interactions in Spain
Authors: Fernández-Amaya Lucía
Published: June 2022

Customer satisfaction in hotels has been measured by considering different aspects of the client’s experience, one of these being interaction with hotel staff. The receptionist is probably the most important member of staff in this context, since this person is the first that the customer meets upon arrival and the one consulted when having a problem or doubt. In this paper, receptionists’ views regarding what they consider to be appropriate verbal and non-verbal behaviour in reception desk service encounters in Spain are analysed. The results show that (a) the participants have very specific expectations regarding what constitutes appropriate receptionist behaviour and (b) there appears to be a general preference for deference politeness strategies and a focus on the transactional part of the interaction.
More than writing on the wall
Authors: Savela Timo
Published: June 2022

This article is dedicated to the analysis of visual multimodality and agency in a school unit situated in Southwestern Finland. The school unit is approached as a node of intersecting discourses and its visible features are investigated as materialized discourses. The results indicate that writing is the preferred mode of visual expression in this learning environment and that there is a shift in modes from image to writing as students progress in the school system, which reflects the existing de jure educational discourses. Moreover, while teachers and school staff are the most active agents in the school unit, the assessment of multimodality indicates that students appear more passive than they are if research focuses only on writing. Moreover, not taking images into account risks reinforcing the traditional notion of writing as the only proper form of expression.
Repetition and paraphrase in contexts of concordant and discordant orientations
Authors: Panseeta Sayamol , Watson Todd Richard
Published: June 2022

Language processing theory posits that a person chooses words based on how he/she conceptualizes the referent.
Where there are two or more interlocutors, depending on the way they conceptualize the referent, their word choices may be the
same or different. In an unpublished paper, Sinclair claims that when interlocutors are in concordance, they are likely to repeat
the word choices of their partners; when they are in discordance, they are likely to use paraphrases. This article investigates
this claim by examining whether there is a relationship between two types of reiteration of concepts (repetition and paraphrase)
and interlocutors’ orientations (concordant and discordant). 100 hotel reviews and responses posted on
Trip­Advisor were collected to form two corpora representing the two contexts. The data was analyzed
quantitatively to obtain comparative frequencies of repetition and paraphrase in each context, and connotations of paraphrases
were identified to see whether there is any association between the types of connotations and interlocutors’ orientations. The
results stand in contrast to Sinclair’s claim. More specifically, paraphrase outnumbers repetition in both contexts, and
repetition is more preferred in discordant contexts. Affective connotations are more common in the reviews where the hotels are
rated “terrible” and the reviewers and the respondents show opposing views on the concepts.
Climate catastrophe: the struggle continues
Authors: Bujra Janet
Published: June 2022

Climate changes are disproportionately affecting Africa. In this outstanding book, employing a political economy analysis, Jonathan Neale shows how the global crisis might be averted. A forensic examination of the way that fossil fuels are implicated, and how use of them could be diminished in favour of investing in renewable energy, is allied to a consideration of the political forces which might be marshalled against the energy corporates which profit from potential tragedy.
Luminosity functions consistent with a pulsar-dominated Galactic Center excess
Authors: Dinsmore Jack T. , Slatyer Tracy R.
Published: June 2022

A new population of millisecond pulsars is a long-standing proposed explanation for the excess of GeV-scale gamma rays emanating from the region surrounding the center of the Milky Way (the “Galactic Center excess”). We examine several simple parameterizations of possible luminosity functions for this population, as well as several benchmark luminosity functions proposed in the literature, and compare the predicted populations of resolved point sources to the Fermi 4FGL-DR2 point source catalog and a sub-population recently identified using wavelet-based methods. We provide general results that can be used to translate upper limits on the number of resolved point sources associated with the excess, and the fraction of the flux in the excess that can be attributed to resolved sources, into limits on the luminosity function parameter space. We discuss a number of important systematic uncertainties, including in the detection threshold model and the total flux attributed to the excess. We delineate regions of parameter space (containing existing benchmark models) where there is no apparent tension with current data, and the number of total pulsars needed to explain the excess is in the range of 𝒪(104-5). In the future, lowered point source detection thresholds could be achieved either by new analysis methods or new data. An order-of-magnitude reduction in the sensitivity threshold (which may already be achieved by novel analyses probing sub-threshold source populations) could hope to resolve more than 30% of the flux of the excess even in pessimistic scenarios.
Smooth hybrid inflation with low reheat temperature and observable gravity waves in SU(5) × U(1)χ super-GUT
Authors: Ahmed Waqas , Karozas Athanasios , Leontaris George K. , Zubair Umer
Published: June 2022

We realize smooth hybrid inflation in the framework of supersymmetric SU(5) × U(1)χ ⊂ SO(10) model which provides a natural solution to the monopole problem appearing in the spontaneous symmetry breaking of SU(5). The breaking of U(1)χ symmetry leaves a residual discrete Z
2 symmetry, that serves as the MSSM matter parity, realizing the possibility of the lightest supersymmetric particle as a cold dark matter candidate. The d = 5 proton lifetime for the decay p ⟶ K
+ν̅, mediated by color-triplet Higgsinos is found to satisfy current experimental bounds if split-high scale SUSY scenario is employed. We show that with minimal Kähler potential, the soft supersymmetry breaking terms play a vital rôle in bringing the scalar spectral index ns
within the Planck's latest bounds. In a minimal Kähler potential setup, small values of tensor-to-scalar ratio r ≲ 3.5 × 10-7 are obtained, whereas the gravitino mass turns out to be in the range that favors PeV scale SUSY but is not sufficiently high to avoid the d = 5 proton decay. A non-minimal Kähler potential including higher order corrections is required to realize successful inflation with central value of scalar spectral index ns
= 0.9655, large tensor modes r ≲ 0.056 and a low reheat temperature (3 × 106 ≲ Tr
≲ 6.5 × 107) GeV consistent with leptogenesis and baryogenesis.
Physicochemical and antioxidant characteristics of black garlic from indigenous Indonesian garlic
Authors: Sasmitaloka K S , Widayanti SM , Mulyawanti I , Iriani ES
Published: June 2022

Black garlic is a processed garlic product which is obtained by heat treatment of the raw garlic at high temperature under high humidity for several days. It was reported that black garlic has stronger antioxidant activity than raw garlic. This research aimed to produce black garlic from indigenous Indonesian garlic and its characteristics. The raw material used was Sangga Sembalun garlic variety. The study was designed using a completely randomized design, consisted of one factor, namely the type of garlic clove (x1: single clove and x2: multi clove), with four replications. The results showed that when garlic undergoes heat treatment, various properties changes occur, including changes in physicochemical and antioxidant content. Single clove black garlic has antioxidant higher than multi clove black garlic. The single clove black garlic had moisture of 47.83%, fructose of 4.92%, glucose of 2.85%, sucrose of 1.36%, maltose of 0.63%, total flavonoid of 2054.9 ppm, total phenol of 335.43 ppm, and S-allyl cysteine of 635.09 mg/100 g. Meanwhile, the compound clove black garlic had total flavonoid of 1745.7 ppm, total phenol of 104.71 ppm, and S-allyl cysteine of 326.7 mg/100 g.
Carbon sequestration of city agriculture: between farming and non-farming land
Authors: Hastuti D.R.D. , Darma R. , Salman D. , Santoso S. , Rahim A.
Published: June 2022

Urban agriculture is multifunctional. The environmental function is one of the agricultural functions. This research focuses on the level of carbon sequestration in food crops and vegetables. Furthermore, we estimate carbon sequestration differences in farming and non-farming land. This study calculates carbon sequestration using destructive methods. Furthermore, food crops carbon sequestration better than vegetable crops. In the same crop, there is more carbon sequestration in farming land when compared to non-farming land. Economically, this carbon sequestration can provide substantial economic value if it is better managed by considering urban spatial planning.
Comparison predicted using nonlinear model and in vivo studies growth production of broiler after fed different levels of fermented tamarind flour as replacing soya bean meal
Authors: Sjofjan O , Adli D N , Natsir M H , Nuningtyas Y F , Budianto A D
Published: June 2022

This study compared two nonlinear models for growth performance of broiler after fed different levels of fermented tamarind flour as replacing soya bean meal. Two experiments were designed for this purpose. In first experiment, 20 chickens (Lohmann MB202) that had been fed on the different level of tamarind flour and weighed to determine best model suitable. In second experiment the treatment of the study was basal feed (control): basal feed substitute soy bean meal with tamarind flour 25%: basal feed substitute soy bean meal with tamarind flour 50%: basal feed substitute soy bean meal with tamarind flour 100%. The results showed that the used of tamarind flour did not give a significant effect (p > 0.05) on the production performance. It concluded the comparison of growth models in terms of goodness revealed that gompertz is the most appropriate model for describing between age and body weight in this experiment.
Cattle production system in semi-arid area of Timor Island
Authors: Ngongo Y , Ratnawaty S , Matitaputty PR
Published: June 2022

Since Cattle introduced in Semi Area of East Nusa Tenggara (ENT), Bali Cattle in Timor Island is considered as the most productive cattle in terms of population. In the last 10 years Bali cattle in West Timor (Indonesia) is around 550,000 – 980,000 head, however the quality/performance of Bali cattle is considered degraded and also native vegetation continuing depleted. Until recently, forage is the main limitation for cattle production in semi-arid region of Timor. This paper discusses cattle farming development in semi-arid region of ENT, how to address the forage shortage and farmers’ response to the introduced cattle-forage innovations. The data and information were mainly taken from the collaboration research program of ACIAR and AIAT-NTT, particularly in Leucaena (Leucaena leucocephala Var. Tarramba) development. The study revealed that traditional cattle farming relies on grazing land and abandoned/fallow land during dry season for forage. Fattening systems practiced mainly in the area or farmers that have enough forage, particularly Leucaena. Farmer’s plant Leucaena as part of local agroforestry and or integrated forage into maize farming as main strategy to overcome forage shortage problem. Farmers considered innovation related Leucaena as the best innovation/approach to improve cattle farming in semi-arid area. It is concluded that introduced forage legume, particularly Leucaena in semi-arid areas have increased carrying capacity of pastureland, improved soil fertility and decreased shifting cultivation or encourage more permanent crop land.
Assessing the Feasibility of Migration Policy from LPG Stoves to Induction Stoves in Indonesia
Authors: Anggono Tri , Ruslan Iyung , Anditya Chrisnawan , Cendrawati Dian Galuh , Irsyad Muhammad Indra al
Published: June 2022

Energy subsidy is a common policy in developing countries to protect poor people. Yet, the policy can become a budget burden such as LPG subsidy for cooking in Indonesia, reaching US$ 3.9 billion in 2018. In this study, we analyze the feasibility of the induction program currently proposed the Ministry of Energy and Mineral Resources, and the State-owned Electricity Company. We use multiple approaches involving energy equivalence measurement, LPG consumption survey, input-output analysis, and feasibility analysis on both government and household perspective. Our analysis results that the policy can significantly reduce the energy cost for cooking on poorer households while relatively wealthy household undergoes higher energy costs for cooking because many of them are still using the subsidized LPG 3 kg cylinder. For them, the energy cost of the induction stove will be lower than the energy cost of the unsubsidized LPG 12 kg cylinder
Effectiveness of silica gel from palm kernel shell ash as a moisture absorber of bottle packaging medicine
Authors: Novita Lidya , Idris Iswadi
Published: June 2022

Silica gel is widely used in industrial and pharmaceuticals, especially as a moisture absorber. Silica gel can be synthesized from a material containing high SiO2. One of natural material SiO2 resource is palm kernel shell ash (PKSA). PKSA contains 55.2% SiO2. The purpose of this study was to determine the effectiveness of silica gel from PKSA as a moisture content absorber for bottle packaging medicine. This study used experimental method with laboratory analysis. The steps in this study were initiated with the preparation of PKSA, synthesis of silica gel from PKSA, characterization of the synthesized silica gel with X-Ray Fluorescence (XRF) and X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) instruments, water content analysis to determine the optimum absorption time of silica gel as a moisture absorber for bottle packaging medicine followed by testing the effectiveness silica gel at the optimum absorption time. The results showed that obtained silica gel from PKSA with a yield of 34%. XRF characterization shows content of SiO2 by 45.13 %. XRD characterization shows the nature of the solid silica gel in the form of crystalline phase. The optimum absorption time is 2 weeks for silica gel from PKSA. The effectiveness of the silica gel from the PKSA is 85.65 % as bottle packaging medicine moisture content absorber. Further analysis is needed on how to minimize the level of impurities in silica gel of PKSA to increase the effectiveness as a bottle packaging medicine moisture absorber.
Measuring cross-sector collaboration an effective solution for solving unlicensed mining problems in Kuantan Singingi, Indonesia
Authors: Tiyas Tinov MY , Mulyadi Aras , Sujianto  , Zulkarnain  , Putra Ardi , Mutia Tika , Handoko Tito
Published: June 2022

The research question of this paper is to explore success in eradicating unlicensed mining activities with a cross-sector collaboration approach. Mining workers without permits are of concern in many sectors because they refer to state assets. The mining sector requires an effective policy governance approach, through well-integrated planning actions between government, security or police agencies, NGOs, local communities and the role of the private sector. To explore possible implementation problems by following factors that influence government policy in dealing with unlicensed mining. The method used in this paper is a qualitative descriptive approach. Data sources are secondary and premier data. Premiere data were obtained from the results of in-depth interviews with relevant informants during the research conducted. The paper locus of this research is Kuantan Singingi Regency, Riau Province, Indonesia. The analysis used refers to the systematic literature review approach to the concept of cross-sector collaboration. The paper concludes with a discussion of the important factors underlying the emergence of unlicensed mining, the fundamental obstacles in eradicating them, how the government’s plan of action to create a cross-sector collaboration as an effective solution to resolve the unlicensed mining problems.
Water Quality Analysis Based on Land Use in Sekampung River, Lampung, Indonesia
Authors: Fitriani K , Nufutomo T K , Putra R
Published: June 2022

Currently, the status of water quality in the river area tends to decline where one of the causes is the land use along the Sekampung River, and the land use is dominated by agriculture. Mapping of water quality in rivers aims to provide information in the form of distribution of water quality status in rivers. The purpose of this study is to identify the type of land use in the Sekampung River, Sumur Kucing Village, analyze the water quality of the Sekampung River, Sumur Kucing Village based on physical parameters (Temperature and TDS) and chemical (pH, Nitrate, Nitrite, and Ammonia) and interpreted the results of river water quality status using the STORET method spatially thematically. Determination of sample points was carried out using purposive sampling method with 4 sample points which were representative of each land use. Sampling of river water was carried out by referring to SNI 03-7016-2004. The results show that the land use in the Sekampung River is in the form of agricultural areas, plantations, settlements, ponds, and rice fields. The results of the analysis of water quality are based on physical parameters and chemical parameters, parameters that exceed the quality standards include TDS, Ammonia, and Nitrite. The results of the water quality distribution map by determining the status of water quality using the STORET method show point 1 and point 4 are classified as lightly polluted and point 3 and point 2 are classified as moderately polluted.
Prediction of palm oil production in Riau Province using the single exponential smoothing method
Authors: Guntoro  , Lisnawita  , Zamzami  , Setiawan David
Published: June 2022

Riau Province is one of the provinces in Sumatra with the most oil palm plantations. Riau Province was once recognized as Indonesia’s greatest oil-producing province, but with the fall in output owing to decreasing oil reserves, Riau has become a greater palm oil producer. Not unexpectedly, palm oil has surpassed petroleum in terms of foreign exchange in Indonesia since 2010. There are numerous stages in this research, namely problem analysis, data collection, data preprocessing, single exponential smoothing prediction, data modeling, and calculation precision. Based on the findings of the testing, the Single Exponential Smoothing technique with alpha 0.9 may be used to forecast the requirement for prior time series data in the future, particularly in the case of oil palm output in Riau Province. Oil palm production is expected to grow somewhat over the next five years, according to the forecast.
Effect of palm oil supplementation level on in vitro ruminal fermentability
Authors: Nurfatahillah RK , Cusiayuni A , Jayanegara A , Wiryawan KG , Evvyernie D
Published: June 2022

Palm oil is an abundant source of oil in Indonesia and some other tropical countries. This research aimed to investigate the effect of palm oil supplementation levels on in vitro rumen fermentability by integrating data from various related studies. The data used were 40 data points from 13 studies which reported different levels of palm oil supplementation on in vitro rumen fermentability and nutrient digestibility. Data were tabulated, uniformed for the unit in each parameter, then analyzed using a linear regression method by employing SPSS software version 20. The results showed that palm oil supplementation significantly (P<0.05) increased bacterial population and isobutyrate proportion, while reduced protozoa population, and tended to reduce total volatile fatty acids (P<0.1). Supplementation of palm oil did not affect dry mater digestibility, organic matter digestibility, methane emission, pH, total gas, ammonia, acetate proportion, propionate, butyrate, valerate and isovalerate. It can be concluded that palm oil supplementation modifies some parameters of in vitro rumen fermentation.
Assessing food safety compliance for food SMEs in Indonesia
Authors: Fajarwaty Tri , Jukes David
Published: June 2022

In Indonesia, SMEs are still being the backbone of the national economy due to their strategic roles in creating economic growth, providing a large share of the job opportunity, encouraging more equal distribution of economic powers, and contributing to the economic development of the community and to the supply of food products for public consumption. SMEs are also have been growing rapidly and mostly is mushrooming in big cities. However, this vital role and rapid growth have not been followed by the development and updating of food safety arrangements, thus many SMEs are unable to comply with the food safety standards and causing various food safety problems. This study assesses the challenges faced by the SMEs in food safety compliance by conducting a literature review and extracting the information from several major/primary papers (academic literature review and gray literature search) to recognize the major gaps and to propose strategic recommendation in the end. It is concluded that in Indonesia, the compliance failures in food SMEs are most likely due to lack of regulatory knowledge and awareness of the importance of food safety principles, lack of proper attention from the government, and the illegal motive to achieve maximum profit with minimum production cost.
The impact of agricultural waste on river water quality of kreo watershed in Semarang city
Authors: Setyaningsih W , Sanjaya R S
Published: June 2022

Agricultural waste, especially from the use of fertilizers and pesticides, has become a serious problem in several countries because it has caused a decrease in river water quality. The land use and livelihoods of the people in the Kreo watershed are oriented towards agricultural activities. This study aims to (1) analyze the pattern of agricultural land use in the Kreo watershed and (2) analyze the impact of agricultural waste on river water quality in the Kreo watershed. The method used is descriptive quantitative. Analysis of the impact of agricultural waste on river water quality was carried out by laboratory testing of river water samples that referred to the criteria for water quality standards based on class according to Government Regulation of the Republic of Indonesia Number 82 of 2001 for class I river designation. Laboratory tests of water samples used parameters TSS, TDS, Nitrate, BOD, and COD. While the analysis of the status of water quality using the STORET method. The results showed that the pattern of use of rice fields was clustered upstream and in the middle, farmland was clustered in the downstream and mixed gardens were spread out in the upstream, middle, and downstream areas. The status of river water quality in the upstream and middle parts of the Kreo watershed has been lightly polluted, while the downstream still meets the quality standards. The river water will be harmful to human health if it is intended as a raw source of drinking water.
Utilization of plastic waste as an eco-friendly construction material
Authors: Zainuri  , Yanti G , Megasari S W
Published: June 2022

Plastic paving blocks use concrete sand and plastic waste as binding materials. This study aims to calculate the potential for reducing plastic waste in nature if paving blocks are mass produced. The study was carried out using an experimental method, using a laboratory as a place of testing. If the reduction of plastic waste is considered, the 60% plastic:40% concrete sand variation with a compressive strength value of 13.92 MPa is included in grade C. The conclusion of this study is the use of plastic waste for the manufacture of plastic paving blocks with a job mix of 60% plastic.:40% sand as much as 1 m3 of 1,225.6 kg/m3 or can reduce plastic waste by 0.098 %/m3/day and if a manufacturer produces 10 m3 in a day, then the potential for reducing plastic waste is 7.3536 tons/day.
Does rebound effect influence the factors of carbon emission in Indonesia? Kaya index and LMDI decomposition
Authors: Sudarmaji Eka , Achsani Noer Azam , Arkeman Yandra , Fahmi Idqan
Published: June 2022

Increased energy efficiency led to increased economic growth, the energy used in the economy, and overall production. Unfortunately, the rebound effect and carbon emissions were adverse effects on the final result of energy efficiency. Indonesia relied on new energy efficiency technologies to reduce its energy intensity while avoiding the rebound effect. Hence, the other strategy to stimulate increased energy efficiency in the economic sector was an essential part of government policy overcoming resource constraints. This paper used the logarithmic-mean Divisia index decomposition and KAYA identity to recognize the determinant factors of carbon emissions and rebound effect changes in Indonesia. According to the research findings, substantial energy rebounds in Indonesia have revealed that energy efficiency gains in Indonesia may be related to the rebound effect. Indonesia sought to go in this direction, with the national energy policy aiming to lower energy efficiency by 1% each year to stimulate energy savings in all sectors. This paper advocated enhancing energy efficiency, notably in the building sector’s plan to encourage energy efficiency measures.