bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
BIFURCATION STATE AND RATIONAL DESIGN OF THREE-LAYER REINFORCED COMPOUND CONE-СYLINDER SHELL STRUCTURE UNDER COMBINED LOADING
Authors:   Dnipro University of Technology, GRISTCHAK V. Z. , HRYSHCHAK D. V. ,   The Ministry of Strategic Industries, DYACHENKO N. M. ,   Zaporizhzhia National University, SANIN A. F. ,   Oles Honchar Dnipro National University, SUKHYY K. M. ,   Ukrainian State University of Chemical Technology
Published: January 2024

An analytical-numerical approach to solving the problem of state bifurcation in terms of local and overall stability of a three-layer cone-cylinder shell structure discretely supported by intermediate rings, in particular of modern launch vehicles, under static combined loading by external pressure, axial forces, and torque is proposed in the paper taking into account the stiffness parameters of the intermediate rings in the plane of the initial curvature and for torsion. Corresponding solving equations for the problem are ordinary differential equations of the sixth order (for a cylindrical compart- ment with constant coefficients and for a conical one with variable coefficients along the axial coordinate). Differential relations that determine the conditions of conjugation through the intermediate ring are used. For the numerical solution, the finite difference method is used with central finite differences of the third and second order at the inner points of the shell determination segments and at its ends, respectively, and the second order differences with one step backward or forward at the conjugation points through the ring. The agreement of the calculation results with the known data for three-layer conical and cylindrical shells is shown, as well as in the limiting case, it is done when passing to a single-layer compound cone-cylinder structure. For the considered class of cone-cylinder shell structures, boundary surfaces are constructed that separate the stability region of the structure being under study, depending on the geometric and stiffness parameters of the compartments, reinforcing elements, and the external load condition. The external load effect on the parameter of the post-critical wave formation for the structure under investigation is studied, provid- ing the visualization of the deformation behavior. The analysis of the calculation results has shown that this approach to solving the problem of bifurcation and equistability of the compound structure compartments in relation to the local and overall forms of protrusion allows choosing rational geometric and stiff- ness parameters of the shell components and force elements in terms of improving the weight characteristics of the structure.
THERMAL VACUUM RESEARCH OF SAMPLES OF MULTI-LAYER INSULATION
Authors:   National Technical University of Ukraine «Igor Sikorsky Kyiv Polytechnic Institute», Rogachov V. A. , Kozak D. V. ,   National Technical University of Ukraine «Igor Sikorsky Kyiv Polytechnic Institute», Melnyk R. S. ,   National Technical University of Ukraine «Igor Sikorsky Kyiv Polytechnic Institute», Poshtarenko Yu. A. ,   National Technical University of Ukraine «Igor Sikorsky Kyiv Polytechnic Institute», Rassamakin B. M. ,   National Technical University of Ukraine «Igor Sikorsky Kyiv Polytechnic Institute», Khominich V. I. ,   National Technical University of Ukraine «Igor Sikorsky Kyiv Polytechnic Institute», Zakharov V. V. ,   State design bureau «Southern», named after M. K. Yangel», Moskalova T. V. ,   National Technical University «Dnipro Polytechnic»
Published: January 2024

The paper reports the results of thermal vacuum tests of samples of multi-layer insulation (MLI) covers that differ in the number of layers. The research was performed on the experimental stand TVC-0,12. Methods for conducting thermal-vacuum studies and processing experimental results to determine the specific thermal resistance of samples of MLI are presented. The covers are produced from kapton and mylar with dacron spacers between them. At the same time, the inner layers of the MLI are made of mylar, aluminized on both sides, and its thickness does not exceed 6.0 microns. The outer covering of samples of MLI is made of kapton, aluminized on the inside with an average thickness of no more than 50 microns. The average thick- ness of the inner lining of the aluminized kapton on both sides does not exceed 25 microns. Dacron with a thickness of no more than 200 microns is used as insulating gaskets for the MLI. For the tests, thermal insulation samples of the MLI were constructed in the form of a rectangular mat with dimensions of 200 × 300 mm. All samples of the studied MLI had perforations of the screens with holes with a diameter of 2 mm with a pitch of 50 mm to remove the air located between the layers of thermal insulation and which is removed during the pumping of the gas environment from the vacuum chamber TVC-0.12. It is shown that the most effective is the twenty-layer multi-layer insulation, which has a thermal resistance in the range of temperature heads (125—205) o C, respectively (6.5—4) m 2 ·K/W, which is 1.75 times higher than that of the ten-layer one. It has been determined that the use of samples of multi-layer insulation with more than 20 layers does not lead to a significant increase in its efficiency. The best samples are recommended for use in space technology products.
DETERMINATION OF REGULARITIES OF TREATMENT OF DISKS IN A FLUIDIZED BED OF ABRASIVE
Authors:   National University «Zaporizhzhia Polytechnic», Kachan O. Ya. , Ulanov S. O. ,   National University «Zaporizhzhia Polytechnic»
Published: January 2024

n this work, the main regularities of processing disks in a fluidized bed of abrasive are established.The research was carried out on the АПС-600A installation when processing disks in a fluidized bed of abrasive. When processing discs, abrasive grains of groups 24A, 63C, and a mixture of abrasive grains 24A63+24A20 (50 % + 50 %) were used.The grain size of the abrasive grains varied in the range № 20 … № 80.The processed disks were made of such alloys as VT3-1, VT-9, EI698-VD, steel 45 HRC 38...45, and aluminum alloy D1T. The peripheral speed of the parts is Vp = 5...40 m/s. The maximum air consumption is 2000 Nm 3/h. The pressure of the air that liquefies the abrasive in the air-falling chamber is 5...6 kPa. The disk was immersed in a liquefied layer of abrasive to a depth of 0.2...1.2 of the radius of the disk. The regularities of the dependence of the removal of various materials from the machined surface of the disks on the speed of the part, the grain size, and the brand of the abrasive grain have been established. The dependence of abrasive grain wear on the speed of the part and on its position along the height of the abrasive layer was experimentally established, which allowed forassigning rational modes of processing discs in a fluidized layer of abrasive. The main regularities of the processing of disks in a fluidized bed of abrasive have been established, and the influence of the main parameters of the processing process on the productivity and stability of the abrasive grain has been determined. The main regularities of the process of processing discs in a fluidized bed of abrasive have been established experimentally, which allowsfor determining the main parameters, technological conditions, and modes of the finishing operation of parts manufacturing.
Hunting for exocomet transits in the TESS database using the Random Forest method
Authors:   Main Astronomical Observatory of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, DOBRYCHEVA D. V. , VASYLENKO M. YU. ,   Main Astronomical Observatory of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, KULYK I. V. ,   Main Astronomical Observatory of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, PAVLENKO YA. V. ,   Main Astronomical Observatory of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, SHUBINA O. S. ,   Astronomical Institute of Slovak Academy of Sciences, LUK’YANYK I. V. ,   Astronomical Observatory of Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, KORSUN P. P. ,   Main Astronomical Observatory of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine
Published: January 2024

This study introduces an approach to detecting exocomet transits in the dataset of the Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite (TESS), specifically within its Sector 1. Given the limited number of exocomet transits detected in the observed light curves, creating a sufficient training sample for the machine learning method was challenging. We developed a unique training sample by encapsulating simulated asymmetric transit profiles into observed light curves, thereby creating realistic data for the model training. To analyze these light curves, we employed the TSFresh software, which was a tool for extracting key features that were then used to refine our Random Forest model training. Considering that cometary transits typically exhibit a small depth, less than 1 % of the star’s brightness, we chose to limit our sample to the CDPP parameter. Our study focused on two target samples: light curves with a CDPP of less than 40 ppm and light curves with a CDPP of up to 150 ppm. Each sample was accompanied by a corresponding training set. This methodology achieved an accuracy of approximately 96 %, with both precision and recall rates exceeding 95 % and a balanced F1-score of around 96 %. This level of accuracy was effective in distinguishing between ‘exocomet candidate’ and ‘non-candidate’ classifications for light curves with a CDPP of less than 40 ppm, and our model identified 12 potential exocomet candidates. However, when applying machine learning to less accurate light curves (CDPP up to 150 ppm), we noticed a significant increase in curves that could not be confidently classified, but even in this case, our model identified 20 potential exocomet candidates. These promising results within Sector 1 motivate us to extend our analysis across all TESS sectors to detect and study comet-like activity in the extrasolar planetary systems.
STRUCTURES OF ADAPTIVE SIGNAL PROCESSING SYSTEMS FOR RADAR SENSORS OF EXTERNAL INFORMATION FOR CORRELATION-EXTREME AIRCRAFT NAVIGATION SYSTEMS
Authors:   Institute of Information Recording of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, MEZENTSEV O. V. , MIRONYUK S. V. ,   Yuzhnoye State Design Office named after M. K. Yangel, OSINOVYY G. G. ,   Yuzhnoye State Design Office named after M. K. Yangel, KOZIS K. V. ,   Yuzhnoye State Design Office named after M. K. Yangel
Published: January 2024

During the guidance of the aircraft on the final part of the flight, it is affected, along with other external factors, by interferences of various (artificial or natural) origins. These interferences have various effects on the receiving elements of the antenna array of the radar sensor of external information. Due to the variability and rapidity of the complex interference situation, adaptive interference protection systems are the most effective in combating these interferences. It is known that the use of adaptive processing systems allows for overcoming the practically inevitable a priori uncertainty of statistical characteristics of signals and interference of various origins. At present, due to the development of digital technology, new methods and devices for adaptive signal processing against the back- ground of interference have appeared. Thus, the arsenal of methods of adaptation to Gaussian disturbances has been supplemented by methods involving the inversion (direct or recurrent) of the most plausible estimates of correlation matrices of disturbances or their regularized varieties. Wide possibilities of adaptation are opened up in modern radar stations with multi-element phased antenna ar- rays, which provide for digital information processing. Due to the very high speed of the aircraft during the operation of its correlation- extreme guidance system, as well as due to the dynamic and non-stationary interference environment, an important requirement for adaptive anti-jamming systems is their speed. The effectiveness of adaptive processing of signals against the background of interference can be significantly increased by using reliable a priori information. The paper considers a method of increasing the speed of adaptive protection systems against radar interference of various origins by taking into account a priori information about the central symmetry of the receiving channels of radar sensors of external information of correlation-extreme aircraft navigation systems. It is shown that taking into account such a priori information as the central symmetry of the receiving channels of radar sensors of external informa- tion leads to a corresponding change in the structure of devices for adaptive signal processing in the conditions of interference in these sensors and as a consequence, to an increase in their speed.
Implant-Prosthetic Rehabilitation of Mandibular Posttraumatic Severe Dentoalveolar Loss With a Reconstructive Staged Approach: A Clinical Report With 3-Year Follow-Up
Authors: La Monaca Gerardo , Di Giorgio Gianni , Pranno Nicola , Serafini Giorgio , De Biase Alberto , Cristalli Maria Paola
Published: January 2024

This clinical report describes the oral rehabilitation of a 25-year-old male patient who lost the lower incisors, right canine, and a significant amount of anterior mandibular bony and soft tissue following severe dentoalveolar trauma due to a car accident. The patient’s young age, anterior esthetic zone in the lower jaw, previous mandibular fracture, and extended bony and soft-tissue defect hindering ideal 3-dimensional implant placement oriented the therapeutic plan toward a staged approach, with several reconstructive surgical procedures before implant rehabilitation. The treatment involved deepening the labiobuccal vestibule and lingual sulcus to correct cicatricial shrinkage due to previous surgical fixation of the mandibular fracture, vertical guided bony augmentation to regenerate adequate volumes of bone, free gingival graft to achieve sufficient height and thickness of peri-implant soft tissues, and a prosthetic-driven surgical procedure to place the implants in a good functional and esthetic position. This therapeutic approach restored function and esthetics and achieved outcome stability at 3-year follow-up.
Visually Grounded Language Learning: A Review of Language Games, Datasets, Tasks, and Models
Authors: Suglia Alessandro , Konstas Ioannis , Lemon Oliver
Published: January 2024

In recent years, several machine learning models have been proposed. They are trained with a language modelling objective on large-scale text-only data. With such pretraining, they can achieve impressive results on many Natural Language Understanding and Generation tasks. However, many facets of meaning cannot be learned by “listening to the radio” only. In the literature, many Vision+Language (V+L) tasks have been defined with the aim of creating models that can ground symbols in the visual modality. In this work, we provide a systematic literature review of several tasks and models proposed in the V+L field. We rely on Wittgenstein’s idea of ‘language games’ to categorise such tasks into 3 different families: 1) discriminative games, 2) generative games, and 3) interactive games. Our analysis of the literature provides evidence that future work should be focusing on interactive games where communication in Natural Language is important to resolve ambiguities about object referents and action plans and that physical embodiment is essential to understand the semantics of situations and events. Overall, these represent key requirements for developing grounded meanings in neural models.
Probabilistic effect of non-potable mixing water on characteristic strength of concrete
Authors: Dauji Saha
Published: January 2024

Across the world, the acceptance criterion for concrete made with non-potable water (SA) is stipulated for mean strength with reference to similar concrete made with potable water (SP). The basis for the strength design of concrete is the characteristic strength. The effect of the acceptance criteria on the characteristic strength of SA and SP was examined using statistical simulations, for the first time. It was found that, compared with a two-sample set, using a three-sample set would improve the characteristic strength of SA. A higher allowable ratio between the means of SA and SP and a lower deviation of individual samples from the mean would improve the characteristic strength of SA. The effect of the coefficient of variation (CoV) of the original population on the characteristic strength of SA varied. On the one hand, a higher CoV reduced the characteristic strength of SP, thereby increasing the probability of SA strength being higher than SP strength. On the other, a higher CoV of SP meant a wider spread of the samples and that could increase the CoV of SA, thereby reducing the characteristic strength of SA. Probabilistic charts were developed for the characteristic strengths of SA and SP for different combinations of the aforementioned variables, with guidance for practical application.
Perverse attraction: Idolatry, pornography, and the making of infrastructure
Authors: Dana Cassandra , Schneider Nathan , Schneider Nathan
Published: January 2024

The making of novel infrastructure often involves some kind of faith. This article considers a pair of experiments in the context of blockchain infrastructure led by entrepreneur Ameen Soleimani: MolochDAO and SpankChain, a grant fund and a sex-worker payments network, respectively. These enact a strategy we describe as “perverse attraction,” or the inversion of dominant moral hierarchies as a means of cultivating faithful practice around a still-incomplete infrastructural project. Although the technology at play is new, the strategy for advancing it reiterates the development of past infrastructures, from print cultures to the early internet. These precursors and the present case suggest that the strategy of perverse attraction, while occurring under the guise of empowerment, risks reinforcing the marginalization of its human participants.
Digital Technology for Smart Grid: Innovative Algorithmic Solutions for Engineering Problems
Authors: Inga Esteban , Aguila Téllez Alexander , Carrión-Galarza Diego , Pavón Wilson , Jaramillo Manuel
Published: January 2024

The Smart Grids research group (GIREI) develops, designs, evaluates, and recommends methodologies and technologies to facilitate communication between the different stages of the electrical system to facilitate the optimal roadmap to achieve a "Smart Grid" focused on the reliability and efficiency of the system. It develops and implements applications directed to alternative energies through generic methodologies of climate analysis and specialized technologies for electricity generation, microgeneration, and distributed generation. One of its objectives is to transfer in a timely and innovative manner the results of research that generate an impact on the decisions of the Ecuadorian electricity sector according to the regional, national, and international context. The GIREI group is currently working on processes that seek solutions for the optimal location of electric vehicle charging centers, certification of high voltage equipment, algorithms for efficiency and reliability of the electric distribution network, deployment of microgrids, and distributed generation, considering the massive inclusion of electric vehicles.
A study of sexual dysfunction in females having major depressive disorder
Authors: Surabhi Sharma
Published: January 2024

Introduction: Major depressive disorder has the highest lifetime prevalence of any psychiatric disorder and negatively impacts sexual functioning in many patients. Females hesitate to discuss sexual problems due to cultural barriers. So sexual dysfunctions are under-reported and under-studied. Method: This is a cross-sectional study to evaluate the pattern of sexual dysfunction in 18 to 40-year-old married females having major depressive disorder attending psychiatry OPD in a tertiary care hospital in Delhi, India. The severity of depression was assessed by the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HAM-D), and sexual functioning was assessed by the Arizona Sexual Experience Scale (ASEX) and Female Sexual Function Index (FSFI) scales. Data was analysed using SPSS. Mean and standard deviation (±SD) were used to describe quantitative data meeting normal distribution. As appropriate, the chi-square or Fisher’s exact test was used to compare categorical data amongst independent groups. Results: 64% and 56% of participants in drug naïve and on-treatment groups respectively had sexual dysfunction as per ASEX scale as compared to 10% of controls. As per the FSFI scale, 84% and 76% of participants of drug naïve and on-treatment groups had sexual dysfunction compared to 20% of the control group. Of all domains of sexual functioning, domains of desire, arousal, and orgasm were most commonly affected. Conclusion: This study showed a high prevalence of sexual dysfunction in depressed females emphasizing the need for direct inquiry about sexual problems by the treatment provider and appropriate management for the benefit of patients.
Protocol3_HEK293T cells and mRNA transfections.pdf v1
Authors: not provided angelica.gonzalez
Published: January 2024

HEK293T cells and mRNA transfections
Protocol6_In vitro translation.pdf v1
Authors: not provided angelica.gonzalez
Published: January 2024

In vitro translation
Protocol5_HEK293T pSB-HygB-GADD34-K3L cells and extract preparation.pdf v1
Authors: not provided angelica.gonzalez
Published: January 2024

HEK293T pSB-HygB-GADD34-K3L cells and extract preparation
Protocol1_Reporter Plasmids Cloning.pdf v1
Authors: not provided angelica.gonzalez
Published: January 2024

Reporter Plasmids Cloning Outline
Protocol4_HEK293TCellLysate_WithSerumStarvation.pdf v1
Authors: not provided angelica.gonzalez
Published: January 2024

HEK293TCellLysate_WithSerumStarvation
Observed failure modes in existing URM buildings after November 26, 2019 earthquake in Albania
Authors:   Faculty of Civil Engineering, Polytechnic University of Tirana, Deneko Enio , Bilgin Hüseyin ,   Department of Civil Engineering, EPOKA University
Published: January 2024

This study explores the vulnerability of Unreinforced Masonry (URM) structures to seismic events, aiming to uncover the causes of failure and propose reconstruction strategies. Despite often being devastated in powerful earthquakes, URM buildings show damage even in mild to moderate seismic events. Field assessments after a magnitude 6.4 earthquake near Durres, Albania, in 2019, revealed severe damage in masonry buildings and adobe dwellings. Weak structural connections, insufficient roof support, and the absence of bond beams in load-bearing walls were identified as key contributors to the observed damage. The survival of masonry buildings post-earthquake does not guarantee seismic safety. The study recommends reinforcement techniques like shotcrete application, space reduction, and corner reinforcement, along with innovative methods such as Fiber Reinforced Polymer (FRP) use, for existing undamaged unreinforced buildings. These measures aim to prevent damage in the aftermath of destructive earthquakes, offering insights for the resilience of URM structures.
Impact of superabsorbent polymer on self-compacting concrete's workability, strength, carbonation and freezing-thawing
Authors:   Dept. of Civil Engineering, National Institute of Technology Raipur, Kuruva Venkateswarlu , Deo Shirish V. ,   Dept. of Civil Engineering, National Institute of Technology Raipur, Murmu Meena ,   Dept. of Civil Engineering, National Institute of Technology Raipur
Published: January 2024

Superabsorbent Polymer, an internal curing material, is a significant development in concrete technology. Self-compacting concrete is popular due to high flowability or pumpability. However, the higher quantity of cementitious materials required higher moisture consumption to complete the hydration. Further moisture unavailability leads to shrinkage increment. External curing cannot give proper moisture to cementitious material at higher depth. Hence, internal curing with super absorbent polymer is an economical solution for this problem. This study examines the impact of super absorbent polymer on the mechanical and durability properties of concrete. Laboratory tests were conducted to evaluate the workability, mechanical characteristics of the concrete, such as compressive strength and flexural strength. In addition, freezing-thawing tests and carbonation tests were conducted to investigate the durability performance of concrete. Scanning electron microscopy images were also used to observe the concrete's microstructure after freezing-thawing cycles. The findings demonstrate that Compressive strength and flexural strength values decreased in water curing while in air curing, those were increased. Additionally, it was discovered that the freezing-thawing cycles decreased the compressive strength of reference concrete in standard water curing. However, compressive strength increased after freezing-thawing cycles in air-curing super absorbent polymer mixes. Scanning electron microscopy images have confirmed that the microstructure of air-curing super absorbent polymer mixes was improved
Effects of seawater and acidic environment on mechanical properties of iron powder-loaded glass-epoxy composite laminates: Experimental and analytical investigation
Authors:   Industrial Mechanics Laboratory, Dept. of Mechanical Eng., Badji Mokhtar-Annaba University, Gheid Youcef , Chemami Abdennacer ,   Industrial Mechanics Laboratory, Dept. of Mechanical Eng., Badji Mokhtar-Annaba University, Gaagaia Djamel ,   Dept. of Mechanical Eng., Badji Mokhtar-Annaba University, Aouaichia Hamza ,   Research Center in Industrial Technologies CRTI
Published: January 2024

This study assesses the impact of seawater and acidity on a glass epoxy composite filled with pure iron powder. Plates with varying iron content (15%, 20%, and 25%) were created using contact molding, with 30% glass fiber content. After dividing the plates into samples, a three-point bending examination was conducted following ISO14125 standards. The samples were immersed in saltwater (Group A), an acidic solution (Group B), or kept dry for comparison (Group C). Each subgroup had 15 specimens (5 for each iron %), immersed for over 60 days before undergoing bending tests. Results showed a significant decline in flexural strength, with a maximum reduction of 29.7% in Group A and 37.9% in Group B, while Young's modulus decreased up to 34.8% in Group A and 45.6% in Group B. The two-way ANOVA approach confirmed these findings, and microscopic examinations and FTIR analysis after immersion elucidated physical alterations and chemical reactions. Despite certain advantages, such as specific applications, the composite's limitations in corrosion resistance, durability, and production cost may restrict its relevance in various industrial and real-world applications. Consideration of these factors is essential before choosing this material for a specific project.
Lubrication Reliability and Oil Churning Loss of Differential Gear Trains in a Mechanical-Hydraulic Coupling Mechanism
Authors: Wan Lirong , Niu Hao , Sun Zhiyuan , Jiang Jinying , Qin Wei , Dai Hanzheng
Published: January 2024

A differential gear train (DGT) is a crucial component of a mechanical-hydraulic coupling mechanism. The transmission process generates oil churning losses, which significantly impact the overall transmission efficiency. Due to the complexity of DGTs and the unpredictability of lubrication reliability, traditional analysis of churning characteristics is inadequate. In this study, the moving particle semi-implicit (MPS) method is employed to analyze the effects of steady-state rotation speeds, dynamic rotation speeds, and oil filling heights on the oil churning characteristics of DGTs. The accuracy of the MPS method in predicting churning loss is illustrated by the average absolute percentage error of 6.4% obtained experimentally. It is concluded that: increasing the oil filling height improves lubrication reliability by 20.9%, but results in greater power loss. The lubrication reliability and power loss of DGTs with different output forms are mutually advantageous under different influencing factors. This paper helps to improve the lubrication reliability of DGTs.
A Structural Equation Model of Writing Anxiety, Writing Motivation and Academic Motivation of Students
Authors: DENİZ Hacer , DEMİR Sezgin
Published: January 2024

Writing anxiety causes various problems in the writing process, makes it difficult for the person to produce text and can prevent the act of writing. Writing motivation supports writing skills by affecting the writing process positively. The purpose of this research is to determine relationships between students' writing anxiety, writing motivation and academic motivation. The research was carried out with the correlational desing in the quantitative method. The population of this research consist of secondary school students and the sample consist of 1037 secondary school students, 577 of whom are females (55.64%) and 460 of them are males (44.36%) in Elazig province centre in 2020-2021 academic year. As a result of the correlation test, hierarchical regression analysis, it was determined that students' writing anxiety meaningful was predicted the writing motivation (r=-.65/strong) and academic motivations (r=-.37/medium) by 53%. Structural equation model fit was verified. While writing process, avoidance and writing pleasure latent variables explain 11% of consubstantiated extrinsic motivation, this rate increased to 45% when writing motivation was added to the equality. Although writing process, avoidance and writing pleasure variables explained 39% of the unmotivation and 32% of the extrinsic motivation reflected internal, it was observed that the regression coefficient for the two equations increased to 70% with the addition of writing motivation as the predictive variable.
Nanomedicine in oral cancer
Authors: Divya V C  , Patnaik Abhijeet , Shahini R  , Shanthi M , Backiyalakshmi A
Published: January 2024

Navigating the intersection of nanomedicine and oral cancer, this review surveys recent breakthroughs in leveraging nanotechnological approaches for enhanced therapeutic outcomes. Spotlighting the dynamic landscape of nanoparticle applications, particularly in targeted drug delivery, the article explores their potential to minimize systemic side effects and optimize treatment efficacy. Insightful analysis of diverse nanocarrier systems provides a nuanced understanding of their mechanisms and promising outcomes. Additionally, the review examines the diagnostic role of nanotechnology, emphasizing its contributions to early detection through advanced imaging modalities. By synthesizing current research, this article illuminates the transformative potential of nanomedicine in reshaping oral cancer treatment paradigms, offering a holistic perspective on the field's progress and future directions.
Spatial localization of impacted maxillary canine – A comparative study between OPG and CBCT
Authors: Shah Deep , Parikh Shilpa , Shah Setu P , Verma Oshin , Shah Shailja , Patel Purv
Published: January 2024

Maxillary canines are the second most frequently impacted teeth after the third molars. Bucco-palatal localization is the primary diagnostic task during radiographic examination of impacted maxillary canines for proper treatment planning. Such localization is done by a combination of clinical and radiographic findings. However, it is necessary to identify cases requiring 3D cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) scans in addition to 2D orthopantomograms (OPG) for accurate diagnosis.

OPG and CBCT images of 75 impacted maxillary canines (IMC) were included in the study. Each OPG was evaluated for magnification index. The data obtained was tabulated and subjected to statistical analysis.

The present study revealed higher prevalence of impacted maxillary canines in females (73%), with a slightly higher prevalence on the left side (53%). Most of the impacted canines were present in the mid-alveolus region. All the cases had 100% concordance between OPG and CBCT while locating palatal and mid-alveolar impacted canines whereas for buccally impacted canines, the concordance between OPG and CBCT was 93%.

Early radiographic examination and diagnosis are essential to recognize impacted maxillary canines. The sequela of delayed eruption or treatment of impacted canines may be severe resorption of the adjacent lateral and central incisors.
Macrophage death induced cellular mechanisms and some regulatory pathways of macrophage death related diseases
Authors: Bhattacharya Malavika , Samanta Debaleena
Published: January 2024

In mammalian physiology the dead cells of body and cellular debris could not be digested by body’s own cellular mechanism. Macrophage is a component living inside the cell sometimes engulf the unrequired cell debris by phagocytosis and became dead by its own, this type of death inside macrophage is called ‘‘Macrophage Death’’ which has been done for our good cytosolic condition. Macrophage death is about many types those have been disclosed later and referred as ‘‘Programmed Cell Death.’’Apoptosis, Autophagy, Necrophagy all are different types of cell death associated with macrophage. When cytotoxicity of a cell condition leads to a cell destroy by its own then often it’s referred as a ‘‘Cellular Suicide’’ where cells die by itself.Macrophages death is a complicated mechanism which directly involves with ER stress, oxidative stress, lost mitochondrial functional ability, lysosomal outburst and other cell particulates dysfunctioning.
Uncovering the diagnostic value of white blood cell profiles in H1N1 screening
Authors: Ballal Preethiraj , Mahashur Abha Pandey , Shruthi Rai P  , Prabhudesai Prahlad P
Published: January 2024

This research sought to evaluate the effectiveness of White Blood Cell (WBC) profiles as a screening method for promptly identifying H1N1 infection in individuals exhibiting symptoms of Influenza-like Illness (ILI) and undergoing throat swab testing for H1N1 through the RT-PCR technique.

Seventy patients from a tertiary care hospital were included based on specific inclusion and exclusion criteria. Throat swab tests were conducted using RT-PCR, resulting in 35 positive and 35 negative cases for influenza A H1N1. Complete Blood Count (CBC) profiles, including total WBC counts, differential count, neutrophil to lymphocyte ratios, lymphocyte to monocyte ratios, and absolute monocyte count (AMC), were obtained for all subjects.

Analysis of the obtained data revealed that increased symptoms, higher monocyte counts, and an Absolute Monocyte Count (AMC) exceeding 800 cells/mm³ were indicative of a higher likelihood of H1N1 positivity.

The study suggests that utilizing WBC profiles, particularly the neutrophil to lymphocyte ratios, lymphocyte to monocyte ratios, and AMC, can serve as a valuable screening measure for the early detection of H1N1 infection. This approach may be especially beneficial in peripheral healthcare settings where the standard RT-PCR diagnostic method is time-consuming, enabling timely and appropriate intervention based on CBC results.
Impact of pulmonary rehabilitation on lung functions and quality of life in chronic respiratory disease patients
Authors: Karande Bhagyashri , Gosavi Nayana , Godse Ajay
Published: January 2024

Patients with chronic pulmonary disease commonly present with dyspnea, cough, fatigue, physical limitations, and low Quality-of-Life (QoL). With these morbidities and physical limitations, it may be difficult to perform their day-to-day activities. The London Chest Activity Daily Living (LCADL) scale assesses the self-reported dyspnea of patients with chronic respiratory disease during Activities of Daily Living (ADL). The study was designed to assess the impact of pulmonary rehabilitation on the dyspnea grade (mMRC scale), the Quality-of-Life parameters viz LCADL scale, 6 Minute Walk Test (6MWT) and lung functions (FEV1 & FVC).

The study is a retrospective observational study conducted over a period of 1 year, at the Department of Pulmonology, Bhakti Vedanta Hospital & Research Institute. Patients with different pulmonary conditions such as Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD), Interstitial Lung Disease (ILD), Post-covid Lung Dysfunction, etc. were enrolled in the study. A total of 80 patients were referred to Pulmonary Rehabilitation (PR). Out of which, 40 patients completed an 8-week program. The distribution of the study population was as follows: 18 patients with COPD, 13 patients with ILD, 9 patients with other pulmonary diseases. 15 patients required oxygen support where oxygen saturation (SpO2) was < 90% at baseline at room air. The outcome measures were assessed in these patients at the time of enrollment (Week 0) and at the end of the program (Week 8).

Overall, the statistically significant difference noted in Quality-of-Life parameters like LCADL score, mMRC, 6MWT, and lung functions (FEV1, FVC) with an 8-week Pulmonary Rehabilitation program.

The p-value (< 0.001) was found in London Chest Activity Daily Living (LCADL) score. Domestic, physical activity had better scores with respect to all parameters after completion of the 8-week Pulmonary Rehabilitation (PR) program. The dyspnea grade on the mMRC scale improved from 1.9 ± 0.591 to 0.45 ± 0.50. The p-value was statistically significant (p < 0.001). 6 MWT distance was improved from 169.5 meters to 324.5 meters at the completion of 8-weeks, the mean difference was 155 meters which was found to be statistically significant. The p-value (< 0.001) was found in 6MWT distance. In lung functions, FEV1 improved from 52.30 % to 56.73 % of predicted and FVC improved from 56.20 % to 58.20 % of predicted. The mean difference of FEV1 and FVC was 4.43 to 2.0, respectively.

: An 8-week supervised pulmonary rehabilitation program has demonstrated that the inclusion of pulmonary rehabilitation, not only reduces the symptoms but also improves the exercise capacity and add significant positive effect on the quality of life as well as lung functions in patients with chronic respiratory disease.
Fluoroscopy-guided metallic foreign body removal: A case report
Authors: Yadav Manish , Thorve Swapnil , Waghmare Siddharth , Karpe Sonal , Bansal Monica , Nair Jairaj P
Published: January 2024

A foreign body (FB) was detected in the right lower zone on the chest X-ray of a 24-year-old woman who presented to the OPD with a cough and sputum. With the help of virtual bronchoscopy, the FB was localized in the posterior segment of the right lower lobe. It was located with the help of a flexible bronchoscope and fluoroscopy and retrieved with the help of snare and endobronchial biopsy forceps. After ensuring clinical stability, the patient was discharged the next day. Bronchoscopic FB removal from segmental and subsegmental bronchi is difficult. Fluoroscopy permits the bronchoscopic retrieval of FB from these relatively inaccessible regions and of the lung and averts the need for thoracotomy.
Misleading wheeze in a case of atypical large cell neuroendocrine carcinoma of lung - A deadly variety
Authors: Anandan Jeevanandham , Nadaf Zeenathalam , Leo Sneha
Published: January 2024

Neuroendocrine tumors are neoplasms arising from cells of endocrine and nervous system containing special secretory granules with biogenic amines and polypeptide hormones. One of the varieties that occurs commonly in the lung is large cell neuro endocrine carcinoma. The replicative potential of these neuroendocrine malignancies is so rapid that the patients usually present with metastatic disease. We describe a case of 29-year-old-male presented with nocturnal wheeze which led on to a misdiagnosis of bronchial asthma and finally found to be LCNEC with endobronchial obstruction. They are usually peripherally located lesions, mostly in the upper lung zones of an elderly male smoker. But he had a hilar mass with right lower lobe collapse due to endobronchial obstruction. Hence careful examination of wheeze whether unilateral or bilateral, monophonic or polyphonic, random or fixed, inspiratory or expiratory or biphasic may help in early identification of the endobronchial lesions.
Antithyroid antibody profile and viral markers in autoimmune thyroiditis in Chennai population
Authors: Nagarajan Vasanthy , Wilson Sarah Andrea , Krishansamy Kaveri , Radhika Banumathi
Published: January 2024

Autoimmune thyroid disease (AITD) is the result of a complex interaction between genetic and environmental factors, which leads to failure of one or more mechanisms responsible for controlling thyroid-reactive T and B cells. The most frequently occurring clinical forms of autoimmune thyroiditis include Hashimoto’s thyroiditis and Grave’s disease. Viruses have been implicated in the onset of autoimmune disorders. This study aims to investigate the association between and in autoimmune thyroiditis by assessing virologic and immunologic parameters of cases with clinical indication of AITD.

Anti-thyroid peroxidase (TPO) and Anti-thyroglobulin (TG) antibodies were evaluated using ELISA. The presence of Hepatitis C virus (HCV) IgG antibodies and IgM antibodies were evaluated using ELISA. The presence of RNA was investigated by RT-PCR.

A total of sixty study subjects were involved in this study. Sixteen male patients (26.66%) and forty-four female patients (68.33%) were positive for Anti-TPO antibodies. Four male patients (6.66%) and twenty-five female patients (41.66%) were positive for Anti-TG antibodies. Four male patients (6.66%) and twenty-two female patients (36.66%) were positive for both Anti-TPO and Anti-TG antibodies. One female patient tested positive for HCV IgG antibodies. Sixteen patients (26.66%) were positive for IgM by ELISA of which 3 patients (5%) were male and 13 patients (21.66%) were female. None of the samples were positive for RNA.

We conclude that viral infection may be involved in triggering autoimmune mechanisms. Further studies with a larger population are necessary to establish an association between HCV, and in the pathogenesis of autoimmune thyroid disorders.
Phenotypic detection of extended spectrum beta lactamase and metallo beta lactamase producers among multidrug resistant Escherichia coli and Klebsiella spp. in urinary tract infections
Authors: Brungi Sravanthi , Kogila Sreeja Vamsi , Reddy Ramachandra Reddy Bhumi , Sultana Shaheen , Singh Manisha
Published: January 2024

: The incidence of Urinary tract infection (UTI) concomitantly causing the morbidity and mortality in patients with specific risk factors is highly alarming. () and spp., are the most frequently isolated species and considered as highly significant due to their ability to produce Extended spectrum beta lactamase (ESBL) and Metallo beta lactamase (MBL). UTIs caused by bacteria that produces ESBL and MBL are becoming more common, and the ability of diagnostic microbiology laboratories to promptly screen for and identify these resistant infections is crucial.

The main objective of my study is to identify and its susceptibility pattern of ESBL and MBL producing and spp., causing UTI.

: A total 0f 200 multi drug resistant (MDR) and spp., were screened for ESBL as well as MBL production by phenotypic methods.

: From a total of 350 significant UTI cases, 135 are and 65 are spp., remaining are comprised of other bacteria such as Enterococcus faecalis, Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Proteus mirabilis. Among 135 isolates 56 found to be multidrug resistant and 42 were ESBL producers and 9 were MBL producers. Among 65 spp., isolates 23 were multidrug resistant and 22 were ESBL producers and 6 were MBL producers.

: This study reveals the prevalence of ESBL and MBL producing multidrug resistant and spp., in urinary tract infections as well as their significant role in treatment failure.
Incidence of breakthrough infection after COVID vaccination and effect of post-covid-19 syndrome on medical students in a tertiary care hospital in Telangana
Authors: Khan Mohammed Faraaz , Bompalli Sai Ajay , C Roopa , Shilpa Panthagani Narasimhulu
Published: January 2024

Even though many breakthrough infections have been reported in the Telangana region, adequate data regarding them are not available. In addition, there is evidence that SARS-CoV-2 infection can result in long-term physical and mental health consequences.

To estimate the incidence of breakthrough infections after COVID-19 vaccination and the effect of Post COVID 19 syndrome on staff and medical students in a tertiary care hospital in Telangana.

1. To detect the incidence of breakthrough infections in staff and students in our institute; 2. To measure the effect of post-COVID-19 syndrome on the staff, undergraduate, and postgraduate medical students in our institute

This study was carried out in a tertiary care medical college located near Hyderabad. This was a cross-sectional retrospective and prospective study where data was collected from individuals who were PCR-confirmed COVID-19-infected individuals diagnosed from December 2021 to July 2022. The cases were classified according to AIIMS clinical guidance for the management of adult COVID-19 patients. To assess the post-COVID syndrome in the staff and medical students, complaints of breathlessness, fatigue, difficulty in concentrating, and mood changes were further evaluated by using the modified dyspnea Medical Research Council scale, Fatigue Assessment scale (FAS), and Depression, Anxiety, Stress scale -21(DASS-21) respectively. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS software version 23.

The incidence of breakthrough infections was found to be 9.40%. The maximum number was observed in second-year medical undergraduates followed by medical post-graduates. A total of 40 participants (21.16%) reported suffering from post-COVID-19 syndrome. Fatigue was the most common symptom reported, followed by post-exertion malaise and headache.

The incidence of breakthrough infections shows that increased awareness and prompt management of post –COVID syndrome is crucial in the post pandemic era.
Susceptibility analysis of various bacteria towards colistin and other antibiotics in clinical isolates
Authors: Kogila Sreeja Vamsi , Brungi Sravanthi , Rani Ramavath Usha , Reddy Bhumireddy Rama Chandra
Published: January 2024

This study aimed to determine the susceptibility of Gram-negative bacilli isolated from various clinical samples of patients admitted to ICUs of hospitals in Telangana region against colistin and compared with other antibiotics.

In the present study clinical pathogen isolates were used for the susceptibility test. A total of 1852 consecutive Gram-negative isolates were tested for Colistin susceptibility. All the bacterial isolates of (e.g., , ), and were included. All Colistin resistant isolates were processed to detect the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of antibiotics by the broth micro-dilution method.

It was observed that in . and the susceptibility was quite significant whereas it was not much significant for other species of bacteria studied namely, , , , and .

. and resistance indicated that there is an argent need to get the current situation under control by implementing appropriate measures to slow down the progression of antibiotic resistance in gram-negative bacteria in Telangana.

and showed significant resistance to Colistin compared with other antibiotics than other gram-negative bacilli isolated from various clinical samples. There is a shortage of clinical data available in South India regarding the prevalence of colistin resistance. This study is one of the few studies that indicate the current scenario of resistance of gram-negative bacteria in this particular area.