bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Comparative assessment of manual, rotary and reciprocating instruments for removal of root fillings, using stereomicroscope: An in vitro study
Authors: Ali Afzal , Hussain Sazid , Metgud Sandeep , Mishra Shashank , Sharma Ankita , Gupta Nikita
Published: June 2019

Background: To investigate the efficiency of Hedstrom (H; Dentsply Maillefer) file, Protaper Universal Retreatment system (PTUR; Dentsply Maillefer), Mani NRT-GPR files (Mani, Japan) and WaveOne (WO; Dentsply Maillefer) Reciprocating files in removing Gutta Percha (GP) and sealer from root canals.

Methods: Sixty canals with less than 10° curvature from extracted human maxillary incisors were used. Root canal reinstrumentation was performed with H, PTUR, Mani NRT-GPR and WO files. Amount of residual root filling material (Gutta-percha and or sealer) were measured by using stereomicroscope. Data of GP or sealer remnants were statistically analyzed using one-way analysis of variance and Tukey test.

Results: There were no significant differences among 4 groups in terms of residual root filling material in the apical third (p > 0.05). H-file group showed highest amount of root residual root filling as compared to groups.

Conclusions: Reciprocating file system proved to be more efficient in removing the root canal fillings material than other retreatment file systems. H file group showed highest amount of root canal filling material.

Bangladesh Med Res Counc Bull 2019; 45: 54-61
New Oral Anticoagulants: An Update
Authors: Ahmad Quamruddin , Reza Md Mahin , Habib Md Ahosan , Masud Syed Faravee , Nasiruddin - , Khan Md Ahsanuzzaman , Ambiya Ahmed Shahed e , Ahmad Sonia Nasreen
Published: June 2019

One of the most common and useful forms of medical intervention is anticoagulant therapy and it is the mainstay of treatment and prevention of thrombosis in different clinical settings, like atrial fibrillation (AF), acute coronary syndrome (ACS), acute venous thromboembolism (VTE), and in patients undergoing invasive cardiac procedures. More than 6 million patients in the United States receive long-term anticoagulation therapy for the prevention of thromboembolism due to AF, placement of a mechanical heart-valve prosthesis, or VTE.1 For more than 60 years, until 2009, warfarin and other vitamin K antagonists were the only class of oral anticoagulants (OAC) available. Although these drugs are highly effective in prevention of TE, their use is limited by a narrow therapeutic index that necessitates frequent monitoring and dose adjustments. This results in substantial risk and inconvenience, leading to inadequate anticoagulant prophylaxis. Recently some new OAC have been marketed which are effective, easier to use and has less side effects. Dabigatran is a new oral thrombin inhibitor and Rivaroxaban, Apixaban and Edoxaban are oral factor Xa inhibitors. This review outlines why these new OACs were essential and describes in detail about these new drugs.

J Bangladesh Coll Phys Surg 2019; 37(3): 135-150
Intracerebral Haemorrhage with Choriocarcinoma in a Teenager - A Case Report
Authors: Das Sukriti , Islam Md Manirul , Rashid Md Mamunur , Howlader Md Reaz Ahmed , Dey Sharbori , Mahbub Hasan
Published: June 2019

Intracerebral haemorrhage is one of the uncommon initial CNS manifestations of choriocarcinoma in reproductive age group women. Disease is usually diagnosed by history, clinical examinations and investigations like CT scan of brain and chest, MRI of brain, USG, X-ray chest P/A view and high level of â-hCG in serum and CSF. Overall prognosis of this disease is generally good (80-90% long term survival with chemotherapy and radiotherapy). But intracranial metastasis has poor prognosis which comprises 3-28% of choriocarcinoma. Most intracranial metastasis occurs late in the course of disease but 20% experiences as first sign. Our patient is a teenager girl presented with convulsion and loss of consciousness. CT scan of brain revealed hemorrhage in right fronto-parietal region with ventricular extension, X-ray chest P/A view shows metastasis in mid zone of right lung, USG shows invasion in posterior myometrium and high concentration of serum â-hCG (273400 mUI/ ml) confirmed our diagnosis. This case report describes that the conservative treatment with radiotherapy and chemotherapy gives good outcome of with metastasic intracerebral haemorrhage with choriocarcinoma is rewarding with farther radio and chemotherapy.

J Bangladesh Coll Phys Surg 2019; 37(3): 151-155
Recurrent Abdominal Pain in Peutz-Jeghers Syndrome: A Case Report
Authors: Anwar Sayeeda , Kamal Nusrat , Khanom Rokeya , Roy Subrota Kumar , Kabir Farzana , Saha Ramkrishna
Published: June 2019

Peutz-Jeghars Syndrome (PJS), also known as peri-orificial lentiginosis, is a condition of autosomal dominant inheritance. Here, mutation localized at (19p13.3) LKB1/ STK11. It is characterized by presence of mucocutaneous pigmentation and gastrointestinal (GI) hamartomatous polyps. This case of PJS, is a 7 year old girl who came with recurrent vomiting and abdominal pain for 1 year and weight loss for 8 months. She had multiple black pigmentation over lips and buccal mucosa. Endoscopy revealed multiple polyps in stomach and duodenum. Besides supportive management, polyps were removed by surgical intervention. Biopsy of these polyps showed hamartomatous type. Post operative period was uneventful. She recovered well. So far there was no recurrence of pain. She is on regular follow up.

J Bangladesh Coll Phys Surg 2019; 37(3): 160-164
La evolución tecnológica y la percepción de la calidad ambiental de los caficultores de El Águila, Valle del Cauca, Colombia
Authors: Osorio Velásquez Natali Yesenia ,   Investigadora independiente, Pombo Oscar Alberto ,   El Colegio de la Frontera Norte
Published: June 2019

La percepción de la calidad ambiental de los caficultores del municipio de El Águila (Valle del Cauca, Colombia) se relaciona con los cambios en los procesos productivos del café y la identidad cultural. La tecnificación de los cultivos, si bien mejoró la productividad ante las plagas y enfermedades de los cultivos, deterioró el medio ambiente, aumentó la deforestación, disminuyó la fauna silvestre y dañó el suelo. Además, se observó una disminución de la participación de niños y jóvenes en las labores del campo; así como el deterioro de la calidad de vida de los caficultores. Esta situación, aunada a la idea de una mejor vida lejos del campo, incentivó la migración de los jóvenes a la ciudad.
Diol Mediated Tautomerization of Glycine: a DFT Study
Authors: Suh Francis , Rivera Vanessa , Parra Ruben
Published: June 2019

The tautomerization of glycine via a triple proton transfer was investigated both in the gas phase and in aqueous solution using the B3LYP/6-31+G(d,p) level of theory. Fully optimized complexes of the neutral and zwitterion forms of glycine with 1,3-propanediol were used for the reactant and product forms, respectively. The hydroxyl groups in the diol are conveniently oriented for glycine tautomerization through a concerted triple proton transfer facilitated by a network of three hydrogen bonds: N-H…O-H…O-H…O=C. The activation energy for the zwitterion à neutral process increases in solution. Also, the diol-glycine complex favors the neutral over the zwitterion form in a vacuum, but the opposite is true in solution. For comparative purposes, the tautomerization of glycine via a three-proton transfer mediated by two molecules of water was also examined. The results are qualitatively similar, albeit with activation energies that are smaller to those found in the corresponding diol-mediated tautomerization.
KEYWORDS: Glycine; zwitterion, diol-mediated tautomerization; water-mediated tautomerization
Modeling Networks of Evolving Populations
Authors: Elliott Sean
Published: June 2019

The goal of this research is to devise a method of differential equation based modeling of evolution that can scale up to capture complex dynamics by enabling the inclusion of many—potentially thousands—of biological characteristics. Towards that goal, a mathematical model for evolution based on the well-established Fisher-Eigen process is built with a unique and efficient structure. The Fisher-Eigen partial differential equation (PDE) describes the evolution of a probability density function representing the distribution of a population over a phenotype space. This equation depends on the choice of a fitness function representing the likelihood of reproductive success at each point in the phenotype space. The Fisher-Eigen model has been studied analytically for simple fitness functions, but in general no analytic solution is known. Furthermore, with traditional numerical methods, the equation becomes exponentially complex to simulate as the dimensionality of the problem expands to include more phenotypes. For this research, a network model is synthesized and a set of ordinary differential equations (ODEs) is extracted based on the Fisher-Eigen PDE to describe the dynamic behavior of the system. It is demonstrated that, when juxtaposed with full numerical PDE simulations, this ODE model finds well-matched transient and precise equilibrium solutions. This prototype method makes modeling of high-dimensional data possible, allowing researchers to examine and even predict complex dynamic behavior based on a snapshot of a population.
KEYWORDS: Evolutionary Modeling; Mathematical Biology; Network Dynamics; Ordinary Differential Equations; Partial Differential Equations; Fisher-Eigen model; Phenotype; Fitness Function
Assessing the Use of Cooking Demonstrations on Healthy Eating Barriers in City Bus Riders
Authors: Evans Julianne , Cuy Castellanos Diana
Published: June 2019

People living in food-insecure households may experience access-related barriers to preparing and consuming fresh produce, such as high cost and limited local availability. Nutrition interventions that incorporate improved access play a decisive role in overcoming these barriers. The urban bus hub fresh produce market was developed to address food insecurity in Dayton, Ohio. Over four months, dietetic students from a four-year, private, mid-western university provided cooking demonstrations and recipe distribution nutrition interventions at the market. We used a quasi-experimental study design to determine the effectiveness of the cooking demonstration and recipe distribution intervention on access-related barriers at the urban bus hub fresh produce market. A ten-item quantitative questionnaire, on a Likert-type scale from 1-10, with 10 as a more favorable response, and four open-ended questions were administered once to each consented participant (N=33) to examine the recipe effectives and explore the access-related barriers. T-tests were used to examine barriers from the questionnaire and determine differences between participants who made the recipe and participants who did not make the recipe. Results of the t-test indicate no significant difference between those who made the recipe and those who did not make the recipe (p>0.05). Mean scores for affordability, acceptability, accommodation, availability, and accessibility on the then ten-item questionnaire were 7.83, 8.44, 9.19, 9.38, and 8.44, respectively. Thematic analysis results were used to examine the barriers from the open-ended questions further and revealed that affordability and time barriers were present in the priority population. Lack of money, job loss, and unemployment were identified as contributing to affordability barriers and transportation and time to shop, prepare, or cook produce, and to find mealtimes were identified as contributing to time barriers. Nutrition professionals should continue developing appropriate interventions for affordability and time barriers in convenient locations for participants to encourage fruit and vegetable consumption and to establish evidence-based practices.
KEYWORDS: Cooking demonstrations; food insecurity; produce consumption barriers; nutrition intervention; food stand; recipe distribution; bus hub
Atmospheric Dry Deposition of Water-Soluble Nitrogen to the Subarctic Western North Pacific Ocean during Summer
Authors: Jung Jinyoung , Han Byeol , Rodriguez Blanca , Miyazaki Yuzo , Chung Hyun Young , Kim Kitae , Choi Jung-Ok , Park Keyhong , Kim II-Nam , Kim Saewung , Yang Eun Jin , Kang Sung-Ho
Published: June 2019

To estimate dry deposition flux of atmospheric water-soluble nitrogen (N), including ammonium (NH4+), nitrate (NO3−), and water-soluble organic nitrogen (WSON), aerosol samples were collected over the subarctic western North Pacific Ocean in the summer of 2016 aboard the Korean icebreaker IBR/V Araon. During the cruise, concentrations of NH4+, NO3−, and WSON in bulk (fine + coarse) aerosols ranged from 0.768 to 25.3, 0.199 to 5.94, and 0.116 to 14.7 nmol m−3, respectively. Contributions of NH4+, NO3−, and WSON to total water-soluble N represented ~74%, ~17%, and ~9%, respectively. Water-soluble N concentrations showed a strong gradient from the East Asian continent to the subarctic western North Pacific Ocean, indicating that water-soluble N species were mainly derived from anthropogenic or terrestrial sources. During sea fog events, coarse mode NO3− was likely to be scavenged more efficiently by fog droplets than fine mode NO3−; besides, WSON was detected only in fine mode, suggesting that there may have been a significant influence of sea fog on WSON, such as the photochemical conversion of WSON into inorganic N. Mean dry deposition flux for water-soluble total N (6.3 ± 9.4 µmol m−2 d−1) over the subarctic western North Pacific Ocean was estimated to support a minimum carbon uptake of 42 ± 62 µmol C m−2d−1 by using the Redfield C/N ratio of 6.625.
Applying a Sensing-Enabled System for Ensuring Safe Anterior Cingulate Deep Brain Stimulation for Pain
Authors: Huang Yongzhi , Cheeran Binith , Green Alexander L. , Denison Timothy J. , Aziz Tipu Z.
Published: June 2019

Deep brain stimulation (DBS) of the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) was offered to chronic pain patients who had exhausted medical and surgical options. However, several patients developed recurrent seizures. This work was conducted to assess the effect of ACC stimulation on the brain activity and to guide safe DBS programming. A sensing-enabled neurostimulator (Activa PC + S) allowing wireless recording through the stimulating electrodes was chronically implanted in three patients. Stimulation patterns with different amplitude levels and variable ramping rates were tested to investigate whether these patterns could provide pain relief without triggering after-discharges (ADs) within local field potentials (LFPs) recorded in the ACC. In the absence of ramping, AD activity was detected following stimulation at amplitude levels below those used in chronic therapy. Adjustment of stimulus cycling patterns, by slowly ramping on/off (8-s ramp duration), was able to prevent ADs at higher amplitude levels while maintaining effective pain relief. The absence of AD activity confirmed from the implant was correlated with the absence of clinical seizures. We propose that AD activity in the ACC could be a biomarker for the likelihood of seizures in these patients, and the application of sensing-enabled techniques has the potential to advance safer brain stimulation therapies, especially in novel targets.
Defocused Image Changes Signaling of Ganglion Cells in the Mouse Retina
Authors: Pan Feng
Published: June 2019

Myopia is a substantial public health problem worldwide. Although it is known that defocused images alter eye growth and refraction, their effects on retinal ganglion cell (RGC) signaling that lead to either emmetropization or refractive errors have remained elusive. This study aimed to determine if defocused images had an effect on signaling of RGCs in the mouse retina. ON and OFF alpha RGCs and ON–OFF RGCs were recorded from adult C57BL/6J wild-type mice. A mono green organic light-emitting display presented images generated by PsychoPy. The defocused images were projected on the retina under a microscope. Dark-adapted mouse RGCs were recorded under different powers of projected defocused images on the retina. Compared with focused images, defocused images showed a significantly decreased probability of spikes. More than half of OFF transient RGCs and ON sustained RGCs showed disparity in responses to the magnitude of plus and minus optical defocus (although remained RGCs we tested exhibited similar response to both types of defocus). ON and OFF units of ON–OFF RGCs also responded differently in the probability of spikes to defocused images and spatial frequency images. After application of a gap junction blocker, the probability of spikes of RGCs decreased with the presence of optical defocused image. At the same time, the RGCs also showed increased background noise. Therefore, defocused images changed the signaling of some ON and OFF alpha RGCs and ON–OFF RGCs in the mouse retina. The process may be the first step in the induction of myopia development. It appears that gap junctions also play a key role in this process.
Undergraduates’ Out-Of-Class Learning: Exploring EFL Students’ Autonomous Learning Behaviors and Their Usage of Resources
Authors: Hsieh Hui-Chun , Hsieh Hui-Lin
Published: June 2019

Educational research is increasingly paying attention to students’ out-of-class learning. Students’ out-of-class learning is linked to improved class performance and constitutes an important part of learner development. Prior research has argued that learning-resources provision should encourage students’ autonomous learning both in and out of the classroom [Benson, 2013; Benson & Reinders, 2011; Gardner & Miller, 1999; Little, 1997; Richards, 2015]. However, work on autonomy often proceeds via generalities rather than focusing on its enactment in individual behavior. Accordingly, this study investigated 35 EFL undergraduates’ autonomous learning behaviors and their use of resources of the learning center of a university. Data were collected via email interviews with the participants and examination of their resources-usage records. Content analysis of the interview data, using six categories based on a learner-autonomy model, was used to generate each participant’s autonomy score. Spearman rho testing of the relationship between those scores and the students’ resources-usage scores suggested a very strong positive relationship between autonomous learning behaviors and overall usage of resources, as well as the variety of those resources used by individuals. Data analysis also revealed that, to varying degrees, each participant’s autonomous-learning behaviors (based on qualitative examples) fell into more than one of the six learner-autonomy types. Based on these findings, it is recommended that students be encouraged to learn beyond the classroom through pedagogical activities that link classroom learning to learning-center resources. Based on the findings of this study we make suggestions on pedagogical design with SAC and applications for SACs in other educational contexts.
Foraging Macrotermes natalensis Fungus-Growing Termites Avoid a Mycopathogen but Not an Entomopathogen
Authors: Bodawatta Kasun , Poulsen Michael , Bos Nick
Published: June 2019

Fungus-growing termites have to defend both themselves and their monoculture fungal cultivars from antagonistic microbes. One of the ways that pathogens can enter the termite colony is on the plant substrate that is collected by termite foragers. In order to understand whether foragers avoid substrate infected with antagonists, we offered sub-colonies of Macrotermes natalensis a choice between food exposed to either a mycopathogenic or an entomopathogenic fungus, and control food. Workers did not show any preference between entomopathogen-exposed and control substrate, but significantly avoided the mycopathogen-exposed substrate. This suggests that the behaviour of foraging workers is more strongly influenced by pathogens affecting their crop than those posing risks to the termite workers themselves.
On Tuning Parameter Selection in Model Selection and Model Averaging: A Monte Carlo Study
Authors: Xiao Hui , Sun Yiguo
Published: June 2019

Model selection and model averaging are popular approaches for handling modeling uncertainties. The existing literature offers a unified framework for variable selection via penalized likelihood and the tuning parameter selection is vital for consistent selection and optimal estimation. Few studies have explored the finite sample performances of the class of ordinary least squares (OLS) post-selection estimators with the tuning parameter determined by different selection approaches. We aim to supplement the literature by studying the class of OLS post-selection estimators. Inspired by the shrinkage averaging estimator (SAE) and the Mallows model averaging (MMA) estimator, we further propose a shrinkage MMA (SMMA) estimator for averaging high-dimensional sparse models. Our Monte Carlo design features an expanding sparse parameter space and further considers the effect of the effective sample size and the degree of model sparsity on the finite sample performances of estimators. We find that the OLS post-smoothly clipped absolute deviation (SCAD) estimator with the tuning parameter selected by the Bayesian information criterion (BIC) in finite sample outperforms most penalized estimators and that the SMMA performs better when averaging high-dimensional sparse models.
Daily Snacking Occasions, Snack Size, and Snack Energy Density as Predictors of Diet Quality among US Children Aged 2 to 5 Years
Authors: Kachurak Alexandria , Bailey Regan L. , Davey Adam , Dabritz Lauren , Fisher Jennifer Orlet
Published: June 2019

Whether snacks help young children meet nutritional needs or merely contribute to excessive intakes is debated. This research evaluated associations of snacking with dietary quality among US preschoolers (two to five years, n = 4217) in the 2005–2016 National Health Examination Survey (NHANES). Snacking occasions, size, and energy density (ED) were estimated from two 24-hr dietary recalls. Diet quality indices included the 2015 Healthy Eating Index (HEI-2015, 0–100), the mean adequacy ratio (MAR, 0–100) for five shortfall nutrients (vitamin D, calcium, fiber, potassium, and iron), and the mean % of recommended limits for added sugars, saturated fat, and sodium. Linear regressions included snacking parameters, demographics, and dietary reporting accuracy. Children had a mean HEI-2015 of 53.0, a MAR of 67.7, and intake of 121.4% of nutrients to limit. Daily snacking occasions were positively associated with HEI-2015 scores, whereas mean snack size and ED were negatively associated with HEI-2015 and MAR scores (all p < 0.05). Snack ED was positively associated with daily intakes of added sugar, saturated fat, and sodium (p < 0.001). These nationally representative findings reveal that more frequent, smaller, and less energy-dense snacks are associated with higher diet quality among US preschoolers.
Serological Evidence of Anaplasma phagocytophilum and Spotted Fever Group Rickettsia spp. Exposure in Horses from Central Italy
Authors: Ebani Valentina Virginia
Published: June 2019

Anaplasma phagocytophilum and Rickettsia spp. are tick-borne bacteria of veterinary and human concern. In view of the One-Health concept, the present study wanted to evaluate the spreading of these pathogens in horses living in central Italy. In particular, the aim of the investigation was to verify the exposure to A. phagocytophilum in order to update the prevalence of this pathogen in the equine population from this area, and to spotted fever group (SFG) Rickettsia spp. to evaluate a possible role of horses in the epidemiology of rickettsiosis. Indirect immunofluorescent assay was carried out to detect antibodies against A. phagocytophilum and SFG (spotted fever group) Rickettsia spp. in blood serum samples collected from 479 grazing horses living in central Italy during the period from 2013 to 2018. One hundred and nine (22.75%) horses were positive for A. phagocytophilum, 72 (15.03%) for SFG Rickettsia spp., and 19 (3.96%) for both antigens. The obtained results confirm the occurrence of A. phagocytophilum in equine populations, and also suggest the involvement of horses in the epidemiology of SFG rickettsiosis. In both cases, in view of the zoonotic aspect of these pathogens and the frequent contact between horses and humans, the monitoring of equine populations could be useful for indication about the spreading of the tick-borne pathogens in a certain geographic area.
Emission Properties of Diblock Copolymers Composed of Poly(ethylene glycol) and Dense 1,2,3-Triazole Blocks
Authors: Yang Yanqiong , Mori Asami , Hashidzume Akihito
Published: June 2019

This article describes a new block copolymer (EGm-b-APn, where m and n denote the degrees of polymerization) of poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) and poly(1,4-(1-H-1,2,3-triazolylene)methylene) prepared by copper(I)-catalyzed azide–alkyne cycloaddition (CuAAC) polymerization of 3-azido-1-propyne (AP) in the presence of PEG carrying a propargyl moiety. The EGm-b-APn samples are well soluble in polar organic solvents. Unexpectedly, we observed that solutions of EGm-b-APn in N,N-dimethylformamide emitted fluorescence. We systematically studied absorption and emission properties of the block copolymers. The experimental data have exhibited that APn block is an intrinsic fluorophore. Interestingly, the emission of EGm-b-APn can be easily tuned from ultraviolet to green fluorescence by changing the excitation wavelength. This enables fine-tuning of its optical property without the need of changing the chromophore. Moreover, the block copolymers show a fluorescence response to metal ions (e.g., Cu2+). Our discoveries contribute to the fundamental understanding of the optical properties of dense triazole-based polymer and raise intriguing prospects for fabricating novel emissive triazole-based materials.
Management Recommendation Generation for Areas Under Forest Restoration Process through Images Obtained by UAV and LiDAR
Authors: Reis Bruna Paolinelli , Martins Sebastião Venâncio , Fernandes Filho Elpídio Inácio , Sarcinelli Tathiane Santi , Gleriani José Marinaldo , Marcatti Gustavo Eduardo , Leite Helio Garcia , Halassy Melinda
Published: June 2019

Evaluating and monitoring forest areas during a restoration process is indispensable to estimate the success or failure of management intervention and to correct the restoration trajectory through adaptive management. However, the field measurement of several indicators in large areas can be expensive and laborious, and establishing reference values for indicators is difficult. The use of supervised classification techniques of high resolution images, combined with an expert system to generate management recommendations, can be considered promising tools for monitoring and evaluating restoration areas. The objective of the present study was to elaborate an expert system of management recommendation generation for areas under restoration, which were monitored by two different remote sensors: UAV (Unmanned Aerial Vehicle) and LiDAR (Light Detection and Ranging). The study was carried out in areas under restoration with about 54 ha and five years of implementation, owned by Fibria Celulose S.A. (recently acquired by Suzano S.A.), in the southern region of Bahia State, Brazil. We used images from Canon S110 NIR (green, red, near infrared) on UAV and LiDAR data compositions (intensity image, digital surface model, digital terrain model, normalized digital surface model). The monitored restoration indicator entailed land cover separated into three classes: Canopy cover, bare soil and grass cover. The images were classified using the Random Forest (RF) and Maximum Likelihood (ML) algorithms and the area occupied by each land cover classes was calculated. An expert system was developed in ArcGIS to define management recommendations according to the land cover classes, and then we compared the recommendations generated by both algorithms and images. There was a slight difference between the recommendations generated by the different combinations of images and classifiers. The most frequent management recommendation was “weed control + plant seedlings” (34%) for all evaluated methods. The image monitoring methods suggested by this study proved to be efficient, mainly by reducing the time and cost necessary for field monitoring and increasing the accuracy of the generated management recommendations.
An Efficient In-Situ Debris Flow Monitoring System over a Wireless Accelerometer Network
Authors: Ye Jiaxing , Kurashima Yuichi , Kobayashi Takeshi , Tsuda Hiroshi , Takahara Teruyoshi , Sakurai Wataru
Published: June 2019

Debris flow disasters pose a serious threat to public safety in many areas all over the world, and it may cause severe consequences, including losses, injuries, and fatalities. With the emergence of deep learning and increased computation powers, nowadays, machine learning methods are being broadly acknowledged as a feasible solution to tackle the massive data generated from geo-informatics and sensing platforms to distill adequate information in the context of disaster monitoring. Aiming at detection of debris flow occurrences in a mountainous area of Sakurajima, Japan, this study demonstrates an efficient in-situ monitoring system which employs state-of-the-art machine learning techniques to exploit continuous monitoring data collected by a wireless accelerometer sensor network. Concretely, a two-stage data analysis process had been adopted, which consists of anomaly detection and debris flow event identification. The system had been validated with real data and generated favorable detection precision. Compared to other debris flow monitoring system, the proposed solution renders a batch of substantive merits, such as low-cost, high accuracy, and fewer maintenance efforts. Moreover, the presented data investigation scheme can be readily extended to deal with multi-modal data for more accurate debris monitoring, and we expect to expend addition sensory measurements shortly.
A Socioeducational Intervention about Parental Attitudes in Grassroots Football and Its Effects
Authors: Sampol Pere Palou , Salas David Pulido , Rotger Pere A. Borràs , Verdaguer Francisco J. Ponseti
Published: June 2019

Despite the importance and usefulness of previous observational methodology investigations’ outcomes, there is no evidence about the creation or evaluation of a socioeducational intervention for parents in sport. Therefore, researchers do not have the possibility to apply a socioeducational intervention to their parental observations. This investigation was focused on the effects of the application of a socioeducational intervention with parents of 12 football teams in the U-15 years category in the Balearic Islands (Spain) during the 2016–17 season. Furthermore, six teams formed the control group (CG) and six constituted the experimental group (EG). This research was divided into three phases: (1) pre-test, (2) socioeducational intervention, and (3) post-test. The 12 matches recorded during the first phase and the 12 matches recorded during the third phase were observed and coded by trained observers using LINCE and POISE (parents’ observation instrument at sport events). Results showed a decrease in negative comments and an increase in positive comments during the matches, confirming the socioeducational intervention performed with that aim. This study suggests that the present socioeducational intervention demonstrates improvements on parental attitudes in grassroot football and, due to this reason, we encourage authors to use it and provide feedback.
Sustainable Social and Individual Implications of Telework: A New Insight into the Romanian Labor Market
Authors: Dima Alina-Mihaela , Țuclea Claudia-Elena , Vrânceanu Diana-Maria , Țigu Gabriela
Published: June 2019

This research aims to evaluate the individual and social implications of telework, along with the foreseeable permanent result that could be generated. Consistent with this objective, a survey has been carried out on a sample of 1180 Romanian employees, on which a model has been developed, based on structural equation modelling. The model includes five latent variables, on the one hand targeting telework features and on the other hand, its possible effects on individuals and society. At an individual level, the study results emphasize that telework could contribute to a better work–life balance and could also help teleworkers to develop specific teleworking abilities. At a social level, telework could generate sustainable effects targeting the long-term management of the work force and providing solutions to potential problems at local community levels. The managerial implications of this study are directed toward the need to implement a series of sustainable human resource management strategies and efficient employee training and development programs. Moreover, organizations need to be more proactive in assuming corporate social responsibilities.
Residential Mobility of Locals and Migrants in Northwest Urban China
Authors: Jia Xiaoting , Lei Jun
Published: June 2019

With the increase in urbanization, intraurban residential mobility, which underlies urban growth and spatial restructuring, is gradually becoming an integral part of migration in China. However, little is known about the differences in residential mobility between locals and migrants, especially in urban areas in Northwest China. In this study, we aimed to fill this void by investigating the residential mobility patterns among Urumqi’s locals and migrants based on data from a survey and face-to-face interviews that were conducted in 2018. The results first show that the migrants with low homeownership rates relocated more frequently, but had less intentions to move within Urumqi, compared with the locals. A larger proportion of migrants than locals was forced to migrate. Evidence also suggests that the migration directions of locals and migrants differ: both locals and migrants tended to relocate from the southern areas, like Tianshan and Saybark Districts, to northern areas, like Xinshi and Midong Districts, which show the northward migration process of the urban population center in Urumqi. In contrast to the locals, whose net migration direction was from marginal areas to the central area, the net migration direction of migrants was from the central area to the marginal areas, contributing to the formation of migrant communities in the suburbs and spatial segregation between locals and migrants. Lastly, the locals’ intentions to move were widely influenced by age, ethnic group, type of employment, family population, housing area, and residential satisfaction; the migrants’ mobility intentions were mainly influenced by housing type and residential satisfaction. To attract more migrants to the urban areas in Northwest China, a more relaxed migrants’ household registration policy should be implemented, and the inequalities of the social security system and housing system between migrants and locals should be reduced to bridge the gap between migrants and locals.
Application of a Parallel Particle Swarm Optimization-Long Short Term Memory Model to Improve Water Quality Data
Authors: Yan Jianzhuo , Chen Xinyue , Yu Yongchuan , Zhang Xiaojuan
Published: June 2019

Water quality data cleaning is important for the management of water environments. A framework for water quality time series cleaning is proposed in this paper. Considering the nonlinear relationships among water quality indicators, support vector regression (SVR) is used to forecast water quality indicators when some indicators are missing or when they show abnormal values at a certain point in time. Considering the time series of water quality information, long short-term memory (LSTM) networks are used to forecast water quality indicators when all indicators are missing at a certain point in time. A parallel model based on particle swarm optimization (PSO) and LSTM is realized based on a microservices architecture to improve the efficiency of model execution and the predictive accuracy of the LSTM networks. The performance of the model is evaluated in terms of the mean absolute error (MAE) and root-mean-square error (RMSE). Inlet water quality data from a wastewater treatment plant in Gaobeidian, Beijing, China is considered as a case study to examine the effectiveness of this approach. The experimental results reveal that this model has better predictive accuracy than other data-driven models because of smaller MAE and RMSE and has an advantage in terms of time consumption compared with standalone serial algorithms.
Infections caused by Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates in patients of Surgical Infections Department
Authors: Besedin O. M. , Kosulnikov S. O. , Storubel L. M. , Karpenko S. I. , Tarnopolsky S. O. , Kravchenko K. V. , Kudryavtsev A. S. , Sinitsa K. O. , Pundik G. M. , Karpenko L. I.
Published: June 2019

The role of Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates among the pathogens of surgical infection in purulent-septic surgery department for 2018 is determined. Investigated the antibiotic resistance of Pseudomonas aeruginosa hospital strains and the most effective antibiotics were investigated. Poly resistant in wound material were almost half of the cultures of Pseudomonas aeruginosa (19 strains, 45,2%). Carbapenem resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa was found to be 47,1%. Of the aminoglycoside group antibiotics, Tobramycin (82,1%) showed the best sensitivity, Amikacin was sensitive in half of the microorganisms tested (55,0%). The sensitivity of cephalosporins ranged from 23,1% (Cefoperazone) to 40,5% (Ceftazidime). Even the use of the Sulbactam protective molecule did not improve the situation: 37,5% (Cefoperazone/ Sulbactam). For fluoroquinolones (Ciprofloxacin) sensitive third part of bacteria only. Piperacillin with Tazobactam, Fosfomycin, and Colistin E showed a high anti-pseudomonad efficacy. The use of anti-diarrhea bacteriophage was ineffective.
Liver abscesses ultrasonic semiotics and its significance for the surgery method choosing
Authors: Yareshko V. G. , Zhivitsa S. G. , Otarashvili K. N. , Novak V. V. , Krivoruchko I. V.
Published: June 2019

Significant progress has now been made in diagnosing, treating, reducing complications and lethality at liver abscesses. This is due to the displacement from the arsenal of surgery of complex and traumatic abdominal or trans thoraces approach to abscesses, which themselves created the problem of the postoperative period, complicated the course of an already severe infectious pathology. Modern minimally invasive technologies have significant advantages, especially with regard to interventional sonography, that is, the combined properties of diagnosis and treatment.

Purpose of the study. To objectify the choice of the method of surgical intervention of liver abscesses on the basis of a new self-developed ultrasound semiotics of the stage of the formation of abscesses.

Materials and methods. A comprehensive examination of 62 patients with liver abscesses was based on the study of the clinical picture of the liver abscesses, a bacteriological study of the contents, CT scan, and especially ultrasound, on the basis of which the ultrasound semiotics of the stages of the formation of abscesses was developed and implemented.

Results and discussion. According to the possibilities of ultrasound diagnosis of abscesses of the liver from the first signs of local inflammation in the liver to the final stage of formation of the pyogenic capsule, we identified four stages of their development: 1 stage – local inflammatory changes of the parenchyma without its destruction; Stage 2 – destructive changes of parenchyma without signs of distinct boundaries; Stage 3 – clear boundaries of destructive changes with a non-expressed capsule; Stage 4 – clear formation of a capsule with complete destruction of tissues.

The proposed ultrasonic semiotics allows us to determine the method of operation. Thus, at stages 1 and 2, and in some cases in 3 stages, there is no alternative to puncture-drainage methods in residual postoperative cavities. At stages 3 and 4, there are more advantages in laparoscopic operations, in some cases laparotomic.

Conclusions. the proposed classification of ultrasonic semiotics stages of the formation of liver abscesses most pathogenetically corresponds to the morphological changes of the abscess zone and, most importantly, is adapted to the choice of the method of operation.
Surgical correction of the chronic liver purulent-septic lesions
Authors: Kotenko O. G. , Gusev A. V. , Popov O. O. , Grinenko A. V. , Grigoryan M. S. , Yuzvuk K. O. , Zhylenko A. I.
Published: June 2019

Purpose of the study. The purpose of the study is to improve the results of surgical treatment of patients with purulent-septic lesion of the liver substantiating the indication for resection method use.

Material and methods. The work is based on a comparative analysis of the results of examination and treatment of 64 patients aged 10 to 81 years old, with chronic liver abscesses in the department of surgery and liver transplantation during the 1995–2016 periods.

According to the tasks of the study patients are divided into two groups. In 30 (46,8%) patients (the study group), various types of anatomical resection of the liver with a purulent lesion were performed without its dissection during the operation; in 34 (53,2%) patients (group of comparison) they performed the disclosure, sanation, drainage of purulent cavity. The majority of patients with chronic liver abscesses treated the abscess with a puncture or drainage method under the control of ultrasound in other medical institutions of Ukraine.

Results. The results of diagnosis and treatment of 64 patients for chronic liver abscesses from 1995 to 2016 are analyzed. In the study group, the patients performed anatomical resection of the liver, in the comparison group – standard surgical interventions – the disclosure and drainage of the abscess of the liver. The duration of antibiotic therapy after surgery in the comparison group is significantly higher than in the study group, respectively, 22 ± 3,4 and 5,75 ± 1,6 days; p < 0,001. Second-line antibacterial drugs after draining operations were used more often (p < 0,001) than after resection interventions, respectively, in 94,1 and 6,6% of cases. The duration of treatment of patients in the hospital after surgery in the study group was less than in the comparison group, according to 15,1 ± 0,7 and 27,3 ± 3,05 days; total 25,9 ± 1,4 and 45,7 ± 3,45 days (p < 0,001). After drainage operations, drainages from the abdominal cavity were removed later than after resection interventions, respectively, 17,1 ± 2,8 and 6,35 ± 1,1 days (p < 0,001), through.

Conclusion. Resection for chronic purulentseptic lesions of the liver is the priority methods of surgical treatment. The analysis of the obtained results allows us to conclude that resection technologies contribute to the rapid normalization of physical and social rehabilitation of patients with septic liver damage.
Healing of diabetic ulcers in conditions of biological stimulation of reparation
Authors: Petrushenko V. V. , Grebeniuk D. I. , Apasova N. V. , Mosondz V. V.
Published: June 2019

Purpose of study. The repertory effect evaluation of autologous platelet-rich plasma in the treatment of patients with diabetic foot in stage 2.

Materials and methods. The study included 32 patients with diagnosisof diabetic foot in stage 2. At the time of inclusion in the study, all patients had a defect of the skin and subcutaneous fat on the foot, measuring 3–6 cm2, which was not corrected by traditional methods for 3–4 months. The comparison group consisted of 18 patients (56,25%) who received standard therapy. The study group consisted of 14 patients (43,75%), to whom standard therapy was supplemented by local serial administration of autologous platelet-rich plasma. To assess the effectiveness of the therapy, the area of the ulcerative defect was measured before manipulation, as well as at 1 week intervals until the ulcer was completely healed.

Results. Our experience with autologous platelet-rich plasma in the treatment of patients with diabetic foot in stage 2 demonstrated the effectiveness of this technique. A progressive, significant (p < 0,01) decrease in the area of the ulcerative defect starting from the 14th day was noted. When using platelet-rich plasma, we managed to achieve complete healing of diabetic ulcers in 64,2% of patients on day 35 and in 100% of patients on day 42.

Conclusion. Local administration of an autologous platelet-rich plasma allows the complete healing of diabetic ulcers in stage 2 with an area of 3–6 cm2 for 6 weeks.
IMPLEMENTASI METODE SIMPLE ADDITIVE WEIGHTING (SAW) PADA SISTEM PENDUKUNG KEPUTUSAN UNTUK MENYELEKSI SAHAM PRIMA
Authors: Kusumawardani Ratna , Solichin Achmad
Published: June 2019

Pada penelitian ini dibahas mengenai sistem pendukung keputusan untuk menyeleksi saham prima. Masalah yang terjadi dalam penelitian adalah adanya kalangan umum maupun profesional yang masih melakukan analisis fundamental secara manual dalam pengambilan keputusan pembelian saham. Penggunaan sistem pendukung keputusan diharapkan dapat membantu dalam proses pengolahan data saham yang memiliki kategori prima menjadi lebih efektif. Metode Simple Additive Weighting (SAW) ini dipilih karena mampu menyeleksi alternatif terbaik dari sejumlah alternatif. Dalam hal ini alternatif yang dimaksudkan yaitu saham prima berdasarkan kriteria-kriteria yang ditentukan. Penelitian dilakukan dengan menentukan nilai bobot untuk setiap atribut, kemudian dilakukan proses perankingan yang akan menentukan alternatif yang optimal, yaitu saham terbaik. Hasil penelitian berupa aplikasi sistem pendukung keputusan penyeleksi saham prima yang dibangun dengan bahasa pemrograman Java dan basisdata MySQL. Aplikasi ini berguna untuk memilih alternatif yang terbaik untuk mendapatkan saham prima. Para investor yang akan berinvestasi di saham, tidak akan salah membeli saham karena sudah memiliki daftar nama-nama saham prima.
Kur’an Meallerinin Muhatapları Tarafından Anlaşılabilirliğine ilişkin Bir Araştırma
Authors: GÜLPAK Emine
Published: June 2019

Kur’an-ı Kerîm Arap yarımadası, Hicaz bölgesinde
nazil olmuştur. Kur’an’ın Arapça bir kitap olarak nazil olması, İlahi hitabın
ilk muhataplarının dilinin Arapça olmasının doğal sonucudur. İlk Müslümanların  lisan bakımından Kur’an’ı anlama problemi
olmasa da İslam’ın farklı coğrafyalara yayılması ile Müslümanların Kutsal
kitaplarını anlayamama problemi nüksetmiş, böylelikle Kur’an-ı Kerîm’in tercüme
faaliyetleri başlamıştır. Kur’an anadili Arapça olmayan insanların ilahî mesajı
anlaması gayesiyle birçok dile olduğu gibi Türkçeye de tercüme edilmiştir.  Bu çalışmanın amacı Türkçe Kur’an meallerinin
Türk okurları açısından anlaşılabilirliğini tespit etmektir. Bu amaçla çeşitli
meallerden sekiz ayet seçilmiş, bu ayetlerden ne anladıkları araştırmaya katılan
kişilere sorulmuştur. Araştırmanın örneklemi cinsiyet, yaş ve meslekleri farklı,
çeşitli eğitim düzeylerinde on beş kişiden oluşmaktadır. Araştırmada nitel veri
toplama yöntemlerinden görüşme yöntemi kullanılmış, veriler yarı
yapılandırılmış görüşme formuna bire bir not tutularak toplanmıştır.
Katılımcıların verdiği cevaplar genel olarak incelendiğinde meallerin Türk
okurları açısından yeterince anlaşılır olmadığı, yanlış anlaşılmaya sebebiyet
verecek nitelikte olduğu tespit edilmiştir.
Additional Turkic and Tungusic Borrowings into Yukaghir III
Authors: PİİSPANEN Peter
Published: June 2019

Continuing on previous research, in this part of a paper series, a total of thirty-nine newly found suggested borrowings from the Turkic, Tungusic and Mongolic (and Russian) languages into the Yukaghir languages and dialects of far northeastern Siberia are presented as loanword etymologies, which is followed by the discussion of a few tentative cases. The chronology of the borrowings is considered, and solid phonological and semantic considerations are given for each suggestion, and other possible cognates or borrowings in the surrounding languages are also discussed. Further, some transcriptional corrections to the documentation of older Yukaghir lexicon is suggested. The results again highlight the extensive historical social contacts between the Yukaghir populations and surrounding tribes.