bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
JNJ-77242113, a highly potent, selective peptide targeting the IL-23 receptor, provides robust IL-23 pathway inhibition upon oral dosing in rats and humans
Authors: Fourie Anne M. , Cheng Xiaoli , Chang Leon , Greving Carrie , Li Xinyi , Knight Beverly , Polidori David , Patrick Aaron , Bains Trpta , Steele Ruth , Allen Samantha J. , Patch Raymond J. , Sun Chengzao , Somani Sandeep , Bhandari Ashok , Liu David , Huie Keith , Li Shu , Rodriguez Michael A. , Xue Xiaohua , Kannan Arun , Kosoglou Teddy , Sherlock Jonathan P. , Towne Jennifer , Holland M. Claire , Modi Nishit B.
Published: July 2024

The interleukin (IL)-23 pathway is a pathogenic driver in psoriasis, psoriatic arthritis, and inflammatory bowel disease. Currently, no oral therapeutics selectively target this pathway. JNJ-77242113 is a peptide targeting the IL-23 receptor with high affinity (KD: 7.1 pM). In human cells, JNJ-77242113 potently and selectively inhibited proximal IL-23 signaling (IC50: 5.6 pM) without impacting IL-12 signaling. JNJ-77242113 inhibited IL-23–induced interferon (IFN)γ production in NK cells, and in blood from healthy donors and psoriasis patients (IC50: 18.4, 11 and 9 pM, respectively). In a rat trinitrobenzene sulfonic acid-induced colitis model, oral JNJ-77242113 attenuated disease parameters at doses ≥ 0.3 mg/kg/day. Pharmacologic activity beyond the gastrointestinal tract was also demonstrated. In blood from rats receiving oral JNJ-77242113, dose-dependent inhibition of ex vivo IL-23–stimulated IL-17A production was observed. In an IL-23–induced rat skin inflammation model, JNJ-77242113 inhibited IL-23–induced skin thickening and IL-17A, -17F and -22 gene induction. Oral dosing of JNJ-77242113 in healthy human volunteers inhibited ex vivo IL-23–stimulated IFNγ production in whole blood. Thus, JNJ-77242113 provided selective, systemic IL-23 pathway inhibition in preclinical models which translated to pharmacodynamic activity in healthy human volunteers, supporting the potential for JNJ-77242113 as a selective oral therapy for IL-23–driven immune-mediated diseases.
Tracking and modeling the movement of Queensland fruit flies, Bactrocera tryoni, using harmonic radar in papaya fields
Authors: Hurst Anika L. , O′Brien Allison L. , Miller Nicole D. , Peachey Allysen M. Welty , Yoder James M. , De Faveri Stefano G. , Cheesman Jodie , Manoukis Nicholas C. , Siderhurst Matthew S.
Published: July 2024

Determining movement parameters for pest insects such as tephritid fruit flies is critical to developing models which can be used to increase the effectiveness of surveillance and control strategies. In this study, harmonic radar was used to track wild-caught male Queensland fruit flies (Qflies), Bactrocera tryoni, in papaya fields. Experiment 1 continuously tracked single flies which were prodded to induce movement. Qfly movements from this experiment showed greater mean squared displacement than predicted by both a simple random walk (RW) or a correlated random walk (CRW) model, suggesting that movement parameters derived from the entire data set do not adequately describe the movement of individual Qfly at all spatial scales or for all behavioral states. This conclusion is supported by both fractal and hidden Markov model (HMM) analysis. Lower fractal dimensions (straighter movement paths) were observed at larger spatial scales (> 2.5 m) suggesting that Qflies have qualitatively distinct movement at different scales. Further, a two-state HMM fit the observed movement data better than the CRW or RW models. Experiment 2 identified individual landing locations, twice a day, for groups of released Qflies, demonstrating that flies could be tracked over longer periods of time.
Rivaroxaban versus vitamin K antagonist treatment on the progression of coronary calcification: the IRIVASC-trial
Authors: Stöhr Robert , Reinartz Sebastian , Dirrichs Timm , Witte Klaus , Schuh Alexander , Brandenburg Vincent
Published: July 2024

Vitamin K antagonists (VKA) remain the only option of anticoagulation for people with mechanical valve replacement and due to their wider availability and lower acquisition costs, VKA’s remain widely used in low- and middle-income countries. It has been suggested that prolonged use of VKAs can increase the development of vascular and valvular calcification, though this effect has not been examined in larger randomized prospective trials. This investigator-initiated multicenter, prospective, randomized, open-label interventional trial randomized patients with baseline coronary or valvular calcification and an indication for prolonged oral anticoagulation therapy to Marcumar or Rivaroxaban. Patients were followed-up through repeat coronary computed tomographies to measure the progression of coronary and valvular calcification for up to 24 months. 192 patients were randomized between 2013 and 2018 to receive either Rivaroxaban or Marcumar and followed for up to 24 months. Coronary calcification significantly increased over time although there was no significant difference in progression between the groups after 12 and 24 months as measured by the Agatston score [360.7 (90.2; 1075.3) vs 380.4 (136.4; 1546.9) p = 0.69], the volume score [295.8 (93.0; 995.3) vs 335.5 (128.7; 1316.9) p = 0.95] and the mass score [58.5 (15.9; 172.0) vs 71.1 (24.8; 257.3) p = 0.5]. Dephosphorylated, uncarboxylated matrix Gla Protein (Dp-ucMGP) significantly decreased in the VKA group [Δ dp-uc MGP – 95.2 (− 554.1; 156.0) vs 231.3 (− 59.7; 388.1) p < 0.001]. There does not appear to be a relevant effect of vitamin K inhibition by the vitamin K antagonist marcumar upon coronary calcification.
Requirements for a dashboard optimized for melanoma patient care through user-centered context exploration
Authors: Hartmann Eva Maria , Küper Alisa , Swoboda Jessica , Lodde Georg Christian , Livingstone Elisabeth , Beckmann Catharina Lena , Schadendorf Dirk , Sachweh Sabine
Published: July 2024

For time-sensitive treatment of a patient with malignant melanoma, physicians must obtain a rapid overview of the patient’s status. This study aimed to analyze context-specific features and processes at the point of care to derive requirements for a dashboard granting more straightforward access to information. The Think-Aloud method, contextual inquiries, and interviews were performed with physicians from the Department of Dermatology at the University Hospital Essen in Germany. The user statements and observations that were obtained were grouped and categorized using an affinity diagram. Based on the derived subjects, requirements were defined, confirmed, and prioritized. The resulting affinity diagram revealed four topics of importance at the point of care. These topics are “Identifying and Processing the Important”, a comprehensive “Patient Record”, tasks and challenges in the “Clinical Routine”, and interactions and experiences with the available “Systems”. All aspects have been reflected in 135 requirements for developing context- and indication-specific patient dashboards. Our work has elucidated the most important aspects to consider when designing a dashboard that improves patient care by enabling physicians to focus on the relevant information. Furthermore, it has been demonstrated that the aspects most often mentioned are not context-specific and can be generalized to other medical contexts.
Hard X-ray Fourier transform holography at free electron lasers source
Authors: Roseker Wojciech , Rysov Rustam , Jo Wonhyuk , Osaka Taito , Philippi-Kobs André , Müller Leonard , Riepp Matthias , Walther Michael , Zozulya Alexey , Bocklage Lars , Lehmkühler Felix , Westermeier Fabian , Weschke Daniel , Sprung Michael , Inoue Ichiro , Yabashi Makina , Grübel Gerhard
Published: July 2024

We report on the feasibility of Fourier transform holography in the hard X-ray regime using a Free Electron Laser source. Our study shows successful single and multi-pulse holographic reconstructions of the nanostructures. We observe beam-induced heating of the sample exposed to the intense X-ray pulses leading to reduced visibility of the holographic reconstructions. Furthermore, we extended our study exploring the feasibility of recording holographic reconstructions with hard X-ray split-and-delay optics. Our study paves the way towards studying dynamics at sub-nanosecond timescales and atomic lengthscales.
Influence of calcination temperature and particle size distribution on the physical properties of SrFe12O19 and BaFe12O19 hexaferrite powders
Authors: Hlosta Jakub , Hrabovská Kamila , Rozbroj Jiří , Nečas Jan , Žurovec David , Diviš Jan , Životský Ondřej
Published: July 2024

The paper deals with the economic optimisation of ferrite powder preparation during producing hard ferrite magnets. The magnetic properties of ferrites are investigated by replacing feedstock and reducing calcination temperature and particles in the order of tens of microns. The granulates about 8–10 mm in size were calcined for 2 h in the temperature range from 1100 °C to 1300 °C and additionally crushed and milled to an average particle size of about 80–90 µm. The scanning electron microscopy images confirmed the agglomerates of particles with different shapes and sizes in tens of µm. The X-ray diffraction measurements revealed that, besides the SrFe12O19 and BaFe12O19 phases, there was also the presence of 2–39% hematite. The highest values of maximum energy product (BH)max = 930 J/m3 and remanent magnetic induction Br = 72.8 mT were obtained at a calcination temperature of 1300 °C. The Henkel plots confirmed the presence of exchange-coupling and dipolar magnetic interactions at lower and higher magnetic fields, respectively. The strength of interactions was also dependent on the calcination temperature. Replacing strontium with barium led to a deterioration of the magnetic parameters, which were optimal at a lower calcination temperature (1100 °C). This phenomenon was partly overcome by reducing the mean particle size of Ba-based hexaferrites to 45–50 µm.
Symptoms of autism in Williams syndrome: a transdiagnostic approach
Authors: Willfors Charlotte , Borg Jacqueline , Kleberg Johan Lundin , Hallman Astrid , Van Der Poll Marcus , Lundin Remnélius Karl , Björlin Avdic Hanna , Bölte Sven , Nordgren Ann
Published: July 2024

Williams syndrome (WS) is associated with atypical social communication and cognition reminiscent of the behaviours observed in autism. Nonetheless, WS also differs significantly from autism, such as regarding social motivation, which is typically enhanced in WS and reduced in autism. This study sought to examine the conditions’ transdiagnostic similarities and differences for autistic symptoms and social functioning, and their developmental trajectories, by comparing individuals with WS (n = 24) and those diagnosed with idiopathic autism (n = 24) and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD; n = 24), aged 9 to 53 years, on measures of autism, social functioning, IQ and cooccurring psychiatric conditions. Although only 12.5% in the WS group met the criteria for an autism diagnosis, a majority exhibited distinct difficulties within social communication, social cognition, repetitive behaviours, and atypical sensory reactivity resembling autism. Conversely, elevated social motivation and a high number of social initiatives accompany these characteristics. No group differences in the developmental trajectories of autism symptoms were found. Our results demonstrate that autistic behaviours are more frequent in individuals with WS, than in individuals with idiopathic ADHD, and emphasize the need for clinical management of these behaviours.
In vivo terahertz sensing of psoriasis and eczema patients
Authors: Young Jacob J. , Hernandez-Serrano Arturo I. , Hardwicke Joesph , Pickwell-MacPherson Emma
Published: July 2024

In this study we present the first in vivo clinical study of patients with eczema and psoriasis using terahertz (THz) sensing. Eczema and psoriasis patients were measured using a handheld THz scanner, both before and after the application of moisturiser. We show that THz sensing can distinguish between dry and healthy skin in different regions of the body. Furthermore, the impact of applying moisturiser on the skin can also be observed and potentially evaluated using THz light.
Chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes) strategically manipulate their environment to deny conspecifics access to food
Authors: Kaufhold Stephan P. , Sánchez-Amaro Alejandro , Tan Jingzhi , Fernandez-Navarro Sofia , Atencia Rebeca , Rossano Federico
Published: July 2024

Humans modify their environment to grant or prevent others’ access to valuable resources, for example by using locks. We tested whether sanctuary-living chimpanzees (N = 10) would flexibly modify their environment to either allow or deny a dominant conspecific access to a shared food source by giving them the option to change a food reward’s pathway prior to releasing it. The food could end up in one of two locations: one was accessible to both the subject and a dominant conspecific, the other one was only accessible to the subject. We further manipulated the extent of inhibitory control needed for modifying the pathway by varying the subjects’ starting position. Our subjects reoriented the pathway competitively to monopolize food but changed the pathway less often in trials with high inhibitory demands. We further show how inhibitory task demands in a social context influence chimpanzees’ future planning. Our results show that chimpanzees will strategically manipulate their environment to maximize their own and deny a dominant conspecific access to food.
Potential of using an engineered indole lactic acid producing Escherichia coli Nissle 1917 in a murine model of colitis
Authors: Dimopoulou Chrysoula , Guerra Priscila Regina , Mortensen Martin Steen , Kristensen Katja Ann , Pedersen Mikael , Bahl Martin Iain , Sommer Morten Alexander Otto , Licht Tine Rask , Laursen Martin Frederik
Published: July 2024

The gut microbiome is a significant factor in the pathophysiology of ulcerative colitis (UC), prompting investigations into the use of probiotic therapies to counter gastrointestinal inflammation. However, while much attention has been given to the therapeutic potential of microbes at the species and strain level, the discovery and application of their metabolic products may offer more precise and controlled solutions in battling disease. In this work, we examined the therapeutic potential of indole lactic acid (ILA) to alleviate inflammation in a murine model of colitis. A previously constructed ILA-producing Escherichia coli Nissle 1917 strain (EcN aldh) and its isogenic non-ILA producing counterpart (EcN) were studied in a murine model of Dextran Sodium Sulfate (DSS) induced colitis. The colitic animals suffered from severe colitic symptoms, with no differentiation between the groups in body weight loss and disease activity index. However, three days after cessation of DSS treatment the EcN aldh–treated mice showed signs of reduced intestinal inflammation, as manifested by lower concentrations of fecal lipocalin-2. Additionally, expression analysis of the inflamed tissue revealed distinct effects of the EcN aldh strain on proteins associated with intestinal health, such as TFF3, occludin and IL-1β expression. These results show no impact of EcN or EcN aldh on acute DSS-induced colitis, but suggest that in particular EcN aldh may assist recovery from intestinal inflammation.
Examining the association between the FTO gene and neuroticism reveals indirect effects on subjective well-being and problematic alcohol use
Authors: Cai Wenjie , Forsell Yvonne , Lavebratt Catharina , Melas Philippe A.
Published: July 2024

Associations between the fat mass and obesity-associated (FTO) gene and obesity are well-established. However, recent studies have linked FTO to addiction phenotypes and dopaminergic signaling, thus suggesting broader psychiatric implications. We explored this assumption by conducting a phenome-wide association study across 4756 genome-wide association studies, identifying 23–26 psychiatric traits associated with FTO at the multiple-corrected significance level. These traits clustered into four categories: substance use, chronotype/sleep, well-being, and neuroticism. To validate these findings, we analyzed a functionally suggestive FTO variant (rs1421085) in a separate cohort, examining its impact on (i) alcohol use based on the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT), (ii) subjective well-being based on the WHO (Ten) Well-Being Index, and (iii) neuroticism based on Schafer’s Five Factor Model or the Karolinska Scales of Personality. Our results confirmed a direct association between rs1421085 and neuroticism that was independent of age, sex, alcohol use, body mass index (BMI), and childhood adversities. Interestingly, while no direct association with alcohol intake was observed, both cross-sectional and lagged longitudinal mediation analyses uncovered indirect relationships between rs1421085 and problematic alcohol use (AUDIT-P), with increased neuroticism acting as the intermediary. Mediation analyses also supported an indirect effect of rs1421085 on lower well-being through the pathways of increased neuroticism and BMI. Our study is the first to validate a direct association between FTO and neuroticism. However, additional studies are warranted to affirm the causal pathways linking FTO to well-being and alcohol use through neuroticism.
Airports for the genetic rescue of a former agricultural pest
Authors: Búci Matúš , Krajmerová Diana , Tám Branislav , Kaňuch Peter , Klinga Peter
Published: July 2024

The intensification of agricultural practices and urbanisation are widespread causes of biodiversity loss. However, the role of artificial habitats in genetic rescue is an aspect that is not well understood. Implementing genetic rescue measures to improve gene flow and maintain a viable population of keystone species is a crucial prerequisite for promoting diverse and resilient ecosystems. Landscape fragmentation and modern agricultural methods have caused the decline and the isolation of the remnant colonies of the endangered European ground squirrel (Spermophilus citellus) throughout its range. However, the artificial habitat, such as airport fields with regular grass mowing, provides suitable conditions for this grassland specialist. We measured home range size and genetic variation of seven souslik colonies in western Slovakia. Based on the 6904 ddRAD SNPs, we found significantly higher individual heterozygosity in colonies on airports compared to colonies on pastures. This indicates a potential for higher fitness of individuals from airport colonies, which can serve as a source for evidence-based translocations. Such an intervention can preserve the genetic diversity of small and isolated populations in the region. We emphasize that conservation management strategies would be strengthened including a specific focus on human-made grassland habitats.
Development of an extended action fostemsavir lipid nanoparticle
Authors: Islam Farhana , Das Srijanee , Ashaduzzaman Md , Sillman Brady , Yeapuri Pravin , Nayan Mohammad Ullah , Oupický David , Gendelman Howard E. , Kevadiya Bhavesh D.
Published: July 2024

An extended action fostemsavir (FTR) lipid nanoparticle (LNP) formulation prevents human immunodeficiency virus type one (HIV-1) infection. This FTR formulation establishes a drug depot in monocyte-derived macrophages that extend the drug’s plasma residence time. The LNP’s physicochemical properties improve FTR’s antiretroviral activities, which are linked to the drug’s ability to withstand fluid flow forces and levels of drug cellular internalization. Each is, in measure, dependent on PEGylated lipid composition and flow rate ratios affecting the size, polydispersity, shape, zeta potential, stability, biodistribution, and antiretroviral efficacy. The FTR LNP physicochemical properties enable the drug-particle’s extended actions.
A microfluidic impedance cytometry device for robust identification of H. pluvialis
Authors: Shen Mo , Chen Xiaoming , Wu Chungang , Song Zhipeng , Shi Jishun , Liu Shun , Zhao Yong
Published: July 2024

We developed a microfluidic impedance cytometry device for robust identification of H. pluvials.
Effect of Pt and Ru-based catalysts on the electrochemical hydrodeoxygenation of phenol to cyclohexane
Authors: Page Jeffrey R. , Pophali Amol , Kim Taejin , Lopez-Ruiz Juan A. , Bliznakov Stoyan , Valla Julia A.
Published: July 2024

PtRuC offers the opportunity to electrochemically convert bio-oils to drop-in biofuels and platform chemicals. Here we demonstrate the concept using phenol to cyclohexane as a model reaction.
Solvmate – a hybrid physical/ML approach to solvent recommendation leveraging a rank-based problem framework
Authors: Wollschläger Jan , Montanari Floriane
Published: July 2024

Reframing organic solubility as ranking leads to robust and generalizable models, and opens up new perspectives on this classic problem.
Effects of mono- or di-fluoro-substitution on spin crossover behavior in a pair of Schiff base-like FeII-coordination polymers
Authors: Luo Yu , Zhou Ren-He , Shao Zhen , Liu Dan , Lu Han-Han , Shang Meng-Jia , Zhao Liang , Liu Tao , Meng Yin-Shan
Published: July 2024

A pair of Schiff base-like FeII-coordination polymers were synthesized. The number of fluoro substituents can alter the molecular stacking and co-crystallize the solvent, leading to different spin crossover behaviors.
Iron-impregnated cellulosic carbon as an effective electrocatalyst for seawater oxidation
Authors: Khatun Sakila , Das Chandni , Roy Poulomi
Published: July 2024

The quest for cost effective but active electrocatalysts for water oxidation is at the forefront of research towards hydrogen economy.
The effect of co-ligands on the performance of single-molecule magnet behaviours in a family of linear trinuclear Zn–Dy–Zn complexes with a compartmental Schiff base
Authors: Nandy Rakhi , Jagličić Zvonko , Jana Narayan Ch. , Brandão Paula , Bustamante Fabián , Aravena Daniel , Panja Anangamohan
Published: July 2024

A magneto-structural study unveiling the effects of co-ligands on the SMM performance in structurally similar linear trinuclear Zn–Dy–Zn complexes.
Reticular chemistry guided single-linker constructed pillar-layered metal–organic frameworks via an in situ “one-pot” strategy
Authors: Ma Zhen-Sha , Yang Hui , Xing Kai , Zhou Kang , Lu Gonghao , Liu Xiao-Yuan
Published: July 2024

Two pillar-layered MOFs, non-interpenetrated HIAM-3016-op and two-fold interpenetrated HIAM-3017-op, are successfully constructed by integrating two carboxylate groups and one pyridine group into one linker skeleton via an in situ “one-pot” strategy.
Dithiocarbamate-based novel anti-histaminic agents: synthesis, characterization, crystal structure and thermal study
Authors: Singh Anupam , Kumar Rajesh , Patel Riya , Trishna  , Gautam Ram Nayan , Bharty M. K. , Prasad Lal Bahadur
Published: July 2024

Complexes of Co(iii) (1), Ni(ii) (2), Cu(ii) (3), and Zn(ii) (4) derived from an N-(4-fluorobenzyl) N-(pyridin-2-ylmethyl) dithiocarbamate ligand. Complex 3 showed maximum reduction in clonidine-induced catalepsy after 180 minutes of treatment.
A combined solid state, solution and DFT study of a dimethyl-cyclen-Pd(ii) complex
Authors: Paderni Daniele , Voccia Maria , Macedi Eleonora , Formica Mauro , Giorgi Luca , Caporaso Lucia , Fusi Vieri
Published: July 2024

The synthesized dimethyl-cyclen Pd(ii) complex revealed an unexpected closed X-ray structure that can interact with purines, paving the way towards biological studies.
Influence of the even–odd effect on the crystal structure, band structure and optical properties of hybrid crystals of the [H3N-(CH2)n-NH3]PbX4 (n = 4–8 and X = Cl, Br, and I) type
Authors: Balanov Mikhail I. , Emeline Alexei V. , Shtarev Dmitry S.
Published: July 2024

In the presented work, the structure dependence as well as luminescence features of a wide range of hybrid crystals based on lead halides and a homologous series of alkyl diamines from 1,4-diaminobutane to 1,8-diaminooctane are investigated.
Challenges and prospects: graphene oxide-based materials for water remediation including metal ions and organic pollutants
Authors: Zubair Muhammad , Roopesh M. S. , Ullah Aman
Published: July 2024

The remediation of polluted water via graphene oxide or derived materials has captivated the momentous attention of the scientific community over the past few years.
Emerging investigator series: suspended air nanobubbles in water can shuttle polystyrene nanoplastics to the air–water interface
Authors: Mensah Kenneth , Magdaleno Andre , Yaparatne Sudheera , Garcia-Segura Sergi , Apul Onur G.
Published: July 2024

Suspended nanoplastics can be removed from the water column with nanobubbles if interparticle repulsive forces are overcome by pH adjustment.
A dual colorimetric-electrochemical microfluidic paper-based analytical device for point-of-care testing of ischemic strokes
Authors: Dortez Silvia , Pacheco Marta , Gasull Teresa , Crevillen Agustín G. , Escarpa Alberto
Published: July 2024

Accurate and sensitive determination of TSAT in ischemic stroke patients using a reagent-free dual colorimetric-electrochemical microfluidic paper-based analytical device.
Polymeric grating prism-based dual-mode miniature surface plasmon resonance sensor chip
Authors: Jaikeandee Wisansaya , Nootchanat Supeera , Lertvachirapaiboon Chutiparn , Ekgasit Sanong , Shinbo Kazunari , Kato Keizo , Baba Akira
Published: July 2024

By leveraging the advantages of PC-SPR and GC-SPR, we achieve a comprehensive and extended sensitivity profile across a broader spectral range.
High-throughput screening of nano-hybrid metal–organic-frameworks for photocatalytic CO2 reduction
Authors: Khwaja Moin , Harada Takuya
Published: July 2024

Novel method of screening large-scale material databases to discover novel heterogeneous core@metal–organic-framework photocatalysts that are synthesizable, utilize visible light, band aligned, and water stable.
Room-temperature spin-valve devices without spacer layers based on Fe3GaTe2 van der Waals homojunctions
Authors: Deng Yazhou , Zhu Kejia , Wang Mingjie , Hu Tao , Wang Yu , Lei Bin , Chen Xianhui
Published: July 2024

We have prepared spin-valve devices without spacer layers based on Fe3GaTe2 vdW homojunctions and observed notable two-state magnetoresistance.
Visible-light-induced tandem reaction of quinoxalin-2(1H)-ones, alkenes, and sulfonyl chlorides
Authors: Lu Yaru , Li Meng , Feng Qianqian , Zhang Ziqin , Zhang Zhenting , Lu Kui , Liu Zhengyu , Zhao Xia
Published: July 2024

A visible-light-induced tandem reaction involving quinoxalin-2(1H)-ones, alkenes, and sulfonyl chlorides, catalyzed by 4CzIPN, was developed.
Rh(iii)-catalyzed [4 + 1] annulation of 1-arylindazolones with alkynyl cyclobutanols: access to indazolo[1,2-a]indazolones
Authors: Hu Jiang , Liu Jidan , Cui Wenwen , Zheng Liyao , Wang Renjie , Liu Zhao-Qing , Pu Shouzhi
Published: July 2024

A convenient and efficient synthesis of structurally diverse indazolo[1,2-a]indazolones via a Rh(iii)-catalyzed [4 + 1] annulation of 1-arylindazolones with alkynyl cyclobutanols has been achieved by combining C–H and C–C bond cleavage.
Phase change material nanocapsules for latent function thermal fluids with tuneable thermal energy storage profiles
Authors: Booth Joshua R. , Davies Joshua D. , Bon Stefan A. F.
Published: July 2024

Blends of water-based dispersions of Phase Change Material (PCM) nanocapsules made by mini-emulsion polymerization function as tuneable latent function thermal fluids.
New advances in solid-state electrolytes: from halides to oxyhalides
Authors: Wang Qingtao , Shen Zhenyang , Du Pengfei , Zhou Yongmei , Zhang Peng , Liu Ying
Published: July 2024

This review summarizes the types, crystal structures, ion conduction mechanisms, and modification methods of halides, extends to oxyhalides, and proposes cutting-edge topics.
Piano-stool metal complexes as inhibitors of amyloid-β aggregation in vitro and in vivo
Authors: Vigueras Gloria , Sabate Raimon , Barrios Leoní A. , Caballero Ana B. , Hernández-García Samanta , Bayón Pau , Gandía-Herrero Fernando , Ruiz José , Gamez Patrick
Published: July 2024

Half-sandwich arene osmium(ii) complex 2 can inhibit the amyloid-β aggregation in vitro and in vivo using a Caenorhabditis elegans animal model of Alzheimer's disease.
Multicolor photoluminescence of Cu14 clusters modulated using surface ligands
Authors: Jana Arijit , Duary Subrata , Das Amitabha , Kini Amoghavarsha Ramachandra , Acharya Swetashree , Machacek Jan , Pathak Biswarup , Base Tomas , Pradeep Thalappil
Published: July 2024

We present effective manipulation of the emissive excited states in a Cu14 cluster through the surface engineering of secondary ligands.
Combining photocontrolled-cationic and anionic-group-transfer polymerizations using a universal mediator: enabling access to two- and three-mechanism block copolymers
Authors: Hosford Brandon M. , Ramos William , Lamb Jessica R.
Published: July 2024

The first example of poly(vinyl ether)-block-poly(thiirane)-block-poly(acrylamide) from sequentially combining photocontrolled cationic, thioacyl anionic group transfer, and radical polymerization with no intermediate end-group manipulation steps.
Graphene-based 2D materials for rechargeable batteries and hydrogen production and storage: a critical review
Authors: Bongu Chandra Sekhar , Tasleem Sehar , Krishnan Mohan Raj , Alsharaeh Edreese Housni
Published: July 2024

Graphene-based 2D materials for batteries and hydrogen production and storage applications.
Quantitative nanoscopic imaging of adsorbent-aggregation-state dependent molecular binding cooperativity
Authors: Xie Jin , Li Kanglu , Zuhair B Nizzar Nafil , Meng Haotian , Mao Xianwen
Published: July 2024

Super-resolution microscopy reveals the impact of adsorbent clustering on adsorption heterogeneity and cooperativity in pollutant removal.
Single-step fully 3D printed and co-sintered solid oxide fuel cells
Authors: Kostretsova Natalia , Pesce Arianna , Anelli Simone , Nuñez Marc , Morata Alex , Smeacetto Federico , Torrell Marc , Tarancón Albert
Published: July 2024

The capabilities of hybrid multi-material additive manufacturing to produce entire self-standing SOFC devices have been proved in just two stages, 3D printing and co-sintering.
Understanding the evolution of ternary alloyed nanoparticles during reversible exsolution from double perovskite oxides
Authors: López-García Andrés , Carrillo Alfonso J. , Jiménez Catalina Elena , Anzorena Rosario Suarez , Garcia-Diez Raul , Pérez-Dieste Virginia , Villar-Garcia Ignacio J. , Hungría Ana B. , Bär Marcus , Serra José M.
Published: July 2024

This work unveils the mechanism of FeCoNi alloy reversible exsolution from double perovskites via in situ synchrotron-based NAP-XPS and time-resolved XRD.
A novel kilogram-scale preparation method of the Na3.5V1.5Mn0.5(PO4)3 cathode material with excellent performance for sodium-ion pouch cells
Authors: Tang Xin , Teng Jinhan , Zhang Kaibo , Dai Binghan , Lu Tianming , Huang Junjie , Li Enmin , Deng Weifeng , Zhou Juncheng , Wang Xing , Li Jing
Published: July 2024

NASICON-type Na3.5V1.5Mn0.5(PO4)3 material has been prepared in a kilogram scale by a novel method (suspensoid quick-drying method) and applied in sodium-ion pouch cells with excellent performance.
Water-insoluble polyethyleneimine adsorbents for the high-efficiency removal of Hg(ii) from aqueous solution
Authors: Hu Xiaosai , Cao Haoran , He Man , Miao Junrui , Jin Yanyan , Lv Hongming
Published: July 2024

The PAPEI adsorbent achieved a high adsorption capacity of 1832 mg g−1 for Hg(ii) accompanied with excellent selectivity, as evidenced by a distribution coefficient (Kd) of 3.2 × 104 mL g−1.
A natural multifunction and multiscale hierarchical matrix as a drug-eluting scaffold for biomedical applications
Authors: Graziani Gabriela , Triunfo Carla , Magnabosco Giulia , Fermani Simona , Montroni Devis , Ghezzi Daniele , Cappelletti Martina , Baldini Nicola , Falini Giuseppe
Published: July 2024

Sea urchin spines are biogenic single crystals of magnesium calcite that are stiff, strong, damage tolerant and light and have a bicontinuous porous structure. Thanks to these peculiar characteristics they can be used as drug-releasing platforms for spine fusion.
Proximity labeling expansion microscopy (PL-ExM) evaluates interactome labeling techniques
Authors: Park Sohyeon , Wang Xiaorong , Mo Yajin , Zhang Sicheng , Li Xiangpeng , Fong Katie C. , Yu Clinton , Tran Arthur A. , Scipioni Lorenzo , Dai Zhipeng , Huang Xiao , Huang Lan , Shi Xiaoyu
Published: July 2024

Proximity labeling expansion microscopy (PL-ExM) visualizes superresolution structures of interactome on widely accessible light microscopes, enabling the assessment of the precision and efficiency of proximity labeling techniques.
Grafting and controlled release of antimicrobial peptides from mesoporous silica
Authors: Bagherabadi Mohadeseh , Fleckenstein Marie , Moskalyk Oleksandr , Belluati Andrea , Avrutina Olga , Andrieu-Brunsen Annette
Published: July 2024

Antimicrobial peptides are grafted onto mesoporous silica particles and films. Their controlled release is presented, using a green light-responsive linker, which enables tunable release-concentration-time profiles.
Research progress on biodegradable magnesium phosphate ceramics in orthopaedic applications
Authors: Sarkar Kaushik
Published: July 2024

Magnesium phosphate bioceramics in bone tissue engineering.
Prediction of two-dimensional Dirac materials with intrinsic magnetism, quantum anomalous Hall effect and high Curie temperature
Authors: Wu Xuming , Tian Chunhua , Zhong Lanhua , Quan Jun , Yang Jie , Shao Zhibin , Gao Guoying
Published: July 2024

Monolayer NbC6withdouble Dirac points in two different spin channels with and without SOC.
Magnetic structure and properties of the compositionally complex perovskite (Y0.2La0.2Pr0.2Nd0.2Tb0.2)MnO3
Authors: Arndt Nathan D. , Musicó Brianna L. , Parui Kausturi , Sahebkar Keon , Zhang Qiang , Mazza Alessandro R. , Butala Megan M. , Keppens Veerle , Ward T. Zac , Need Ryan F.
Published: July 2024

The magnetic structure and properties were measured in a compositionally complex perovskite manganite possessing local spin disorder on the A-site and found to be similar to an undisordered control.
Tunability of transport properties in semi-exfoliated AgxCoO2−δ (0.4 < x < 1) crystals
Authors: Kamel Marc , Titi Hatem M. , Ataya Mohamad , Jonderian Antranik , Bevan Kirk H. , McCalla Eric
Published: July 2024

Delafossite silver cobaltites show a remarkable range of silver content in materials made by ion-exchange on single-crystal precursors. The results are partly exfoliated materials with charge carrier densities that vary by an order of magnitude.
Artificial spidroin bioelectronic dressings for intelligent wound management
Authors: Li Shuhuan , Lin Baoyang , Xiong Yongji , Zhou Qian , Gao Bingbing , He Bingfang
Published: July 2024

Wound infection has always been a huge threat to human health.
Dwarf galaxies as a probe of a primordially magnetized Universe
Authors: Sanati Mahsa , Martin-Alvarez Sergio , Schober Jennifer , Revaz Yves , Slyz Adrianne , Devriendt Julien
Published: July 2024

Aims. The true nature of primordial magnetic fields (PMFs) and their role in the formation of galaxies remains elusive. To shed light on these unknowns, we investigated their impact by varying two sets of properties: (i) accounting for the effect of PMFs on the initial matter power spectrum and (ii) accounting for their magneto-hydrodynamical effects on the formation of galaxies. By comparing both, we can determine the dominant agent in shaping galaxy evolution.

Methods. We used the magneto-hydrodynamics code RAMSES to generate multiple new zoom-in simulations for eight different host halos of dwarf galaxies across a wide luminosity range of 103 − 106 L⊙. These halos were selected from a ΛCDM cosmological box, tracking their evolution down to redshift z = 0. We explored a variety of primordial magnetic field (comoving) strengths of Bλ ranging from 0.05 to 0.50 nG.

Results. We find that magnetic fields in the interstellar medium not only modify star formation processes in dwarf spheroidal galaxies, but these fields also entirely prevent the formation of stars in less compact, ultra-faint galaxies with halo masses and stellar masses below, respectively, ∼2.5 × 109 and 3 × 106 M⊙. At high redshifts, the impact of PMFs on host halos of dwarf galaxies through the modification of the matter power spectrum is more dominant than the influence of magneto-hydrodynamics in shaping their gaseous structure. Through the amplification of small perturbations ranging in mass from 107 to 109 M⊙ in the ΛCDM+PMFs matter power spectrum, primordial fields expedite the formation of the first dark matter halos, leading to an earlier onset and a higher star formation rate at redshifts of z > 9. We investigated the evolution of various energy components and demonstrated that magnetic fields with an initial strength of Bλ ≥ 0.05 nG exhibit a strong growth of magnetic energy, accompanied by a saturation phase that begins soon after the growth phase. These trends persist consistently, regardless of the initial conditions or whether it is the classical ΛCDM model or ΛCDM modified by PMFs. Lastly, we investigated the impact of PMFs on the present-time observable properties of dwarf galaxies, namely: the half light radius, V-band luminosity, mean metallicity, and velocity dispersion profile. We find that PMFs with moderate strengths of Bλ ≤ 0.10 nG show an impressive agreement with the scaling relations of the observed Local Group dwarfs. However, stronger fields lead to larger sizes and higher velocity dispersions.
Self-similar cluster structures in massive star-forming regions: Isolated evolution from clumps to embedded clusters
Authors: Zhou Jian-wen , Kroupa Pavel , Dib Sami
Published: July 2024

We used the dendrogram algorithm to decompose the surface density distributions of stars into hierarchical structures. These structures were tied to the multiscale structures of star clusters. A similar power-law for the mass-size relation of star clusters measured at different scales suggests a self-similar structure of star clusters. We used the minimum spanning tree method to measure the separations between clusters and gas clumps in each massive star-forming region. The separations between clusters, between clumps, and between clusters and clumps were comparable, which indicates that the evolution from clump to embedded cluster proceeds in isolation and locally, and does not affect the surrounding objects significantly. By comparing the mass functions of the ATLASGAL clumps and the identified embedded clusters, we confirm that a constant star formation efficiency of ≈0.33 can be a typical value for the ATLASGAL clumps.
Evolution of central galaxy alignments in simulations
Authors: Rodriguez F. , Merchán M. , Artale M. C.
Published: July 2024

Context. Observations suggest that red central galaxies align closely with their group galaxies and the large-scale environment. This finding was also replicated in simulations, which added information about the alignment of the stars that form the galaxies with the dark matter in the halo they inhabit. These results were obtained for the present Universe. Our study aims to build upon previous findings by examining the evolution of central galaxy alignment with the environment, as well as the alignment between the stellar and dark matter components.

Aims. Based on previous studies, in this work, we describe the evolution of the alignment of bright central galaxies over time and try to understand the process leading to the current observed alignment.

Methods. By employing the merger trees from the simulation, we tracked the alignment evolution of the central galaxy sample at z = 0 used in a previous study, the results of which correspond to observations. In particular, we exploited the anisotropic correlation function to study the alignment of the central galaxies with their environment and the probability distribution of the angle between the axes of the shape tensor calculated for each component to deepen the analysis of the stellar and dark matter components.

Results. We provide a description of the evolution of alignment in bright central galaxies with a focus on the distinctions between red and blue galaxies. Furthermore, we find that the alignment of the dark matter halo differs from that of the stellar material within it. According to these findings, the assembly process and mergers influenced the evolution of the alignment.
Using 3D Seismic Technology to Accurately Identify Faults and Reservoir Characteristics
Authors: Xue Jiangyin
Published: July 2024

With the accelerating development of the Chinese economy, the demand for oil and gas energy is increasing day by day. The accuracy and efficiency of fault interpretation are crucial for the exploration and development of oil and gas reservoirs. The presence of oil and gas in reservoirs will inevitably cause changes in the geophysical response characteristics, and different types of reservoirs have different response characteristics in logging curves such as sound, discharge, and electricity. 3D seismic technology is currently one of the most effective techniques for obtaining fault structural features and identifying small faults, but conventional seismic data processing techniques are unable to meet the accuracy requirements of current seismic exploration. With the development of computer technology, more and more scholars are applying deep learning (DL) algorithms to the identification of faults and reservoirs to further improve the recognition effect. This article is based on the DL algorithm and utilizes 3D seismic technology to design a method for automatic and accurate recognition of fault and reservoir features. Obtain labeled seismic amplitude faults, reservoir data, and seismic amplitude data to be identified from the 3D seismic amplitude data volume, and construct a CNN training model to identify the fault and reservoir data. The experimental results show that the method designed in this article can improve the efficiency and accuracy of fault and reservoir identification.
Influence of intensive potato cultivation on the properties of red ferralitic soils in the “Amistad Cubano-Búlgara” CPA
Authors: Rodríguez Heriberto Vargas , Torres Fabienne Menéndez
Published: July 2024

The agricultural sector in Cuba plays an important role for the economy, with a contribution to GDP of around 20%. However, approximately 67% of agricultural land has some agroproductive limiting factors. This situation is aggravated by the implementation of inadequate farming systems and by the lack of knowledge of the measures to be adopted based on the limiting agro-productive factors of the agroecosystems. In the research, the study of the properties of Red Ferralitic soils (Order Oxisol) is carried out in the agroecosystems intensively dedicated to the cultivation of potatoes (Solanum tuberosum L.), in the CPA “Amistad Cubano-Búlgara”, one of the most important production entity in the Mayabeque province. As a result of the research, evident negative impacts are observed on the quality of the soil due to its intensive use and monoculture. This has caused soil degradation, highlighting the low content of organic matter, potassium and phosphorus, along with the reduced cation exchange capacity. Likewise, compaction and poor drainage problems were identified, which negatively affects the development of the crop. Sustainable management measures and the implementation of agroecological practices are proposed to improve the sustainability of food production in the region and counteract the negative effects of intensive agriculture.
Assessment of methane levels throughout a temperate reservoir area using remote sensing data
Authors: Nikitin Oleg , Stepanova Nadezhda , Gubeeva Svetlana , Kuzmin Ruslan , Latypova Venera
Published: July 2024

Aquatic ecosystems are significant methane (CH4) emitters, potentially surpassing direct anthropogenic sources. Despite the advantages of satellite monitoring, its application for assessing methane content over freshwater bodies is not commonly encountered in scientific publications. Therefore, this study aims to assess methane levels in the atmosphere in and around the temperate reservoir area (Kuibyshev Reservoir, Russia) using Sentinel-5P/TROPOMI remote sensing data. The spatial distribution of CH4 content across the study area was heterogeneous and exhibited a latitudinal dependence, with concentrations decreasing from south to north. Seasonal variability in methane levels is observed, with the lowest values in spring and the highest in autumn. The average CH4 concentration over the period 2019–2023 was 1860±13 ppb. Additionally, a consistent trend of increasing annual methane background levels has been observed (up to 1878±11 ppb in 2023). Differences in methane levels are noted across different land cover types, with higher values typically observed above anthropogenically transformed landscapes, while minimal ones are found over extensive forested areas and the waters of the Kuibyshev Reservoir.
Determination of polyphenolic compounds in raw plant materials by NMR spectroscopy
Authors: Sheremeta Anzhelika , Vasil’ev Vasilii , Ivlev Vasilii , Goriainov Sergey , Romashchenko Victoria
Published: July 2024

Environmental monitoring and assessment of the prospects for extracting biologically active substances (BAS) from various types of plant biomass requires the development of simple and fast methods for measuring their content in raw materials. For this purposes massspectrometry and NMR spectroscopy are widely used. Both methods have their own advantages and disadvantages. But NMR spectroscopy is a nondestructive method and requires simple sample preparation. In addition, quantitative studies using NMR spectroscopy do not require authentic standard samples. We have developed various techniques for targeted metabolomic analysis of plant origin samples using NMR spectroscopy, including: determination of anthraquinone derivatives in extracts from roots and rhizomes of Rubia tinctorum L., determination of diosmin in Hyssopus officinalis L., determination glucofrangulin A in extracts from leaves of Rhamnus frangula L.
First and second order necessary optimality conditions for multiobjective programming with interval-valued objective functions on Riemannian manifolds
Authors: Bhat Hilal Ahmad , Iqbal Akhlad , Aftab Mahwash
Published: July 2024

The growing dependence on optimization models in decision-making has created a demand for tools that can facilitate the formulation and resolution of a broader range of real-world processes and systems associated with human activity. These situations often involve assumptions that diverge from traditional optimization methodologies. One viable approach for addressing optimization problems in real-life scenarios with uncertainty is interval-valued optimization. Taking into account the significance of interval-valued optimization, in this paper, we derive first and second order necessary optimality conditions for a multi-objective programming problem with interval-valued objective functions defined on a Riemannian manifold. To establish these conditions, we consider the objective functions to be weakly differentiable and twice weakly differentiable for first and second order, respectively. Additionally, we assume that the constraints, both equality and inequality constraints, are differentiable and twice differentiable for first and second order conditions respectively. The first order as well as second order necessary conditions are derived under two types of constraint qualifications. Furthermore, we provide illustrative examples to demonstrate the application of the established results.