bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Songs of Slavery and Emancipation
Authors: Callahan Mat , Kelley Robin D. G. , Akuno Kali
Published: January 2023

Throughout the history of slavery, enslaved people organized resistance, escape, and rebellion. Sustaining them in this struggle was their music, some examples of which are sung to this day. While the existence of slave songs, especially spirituals, is well known, their character is often misunderstood. Slave songs were not only lamentations of suffering or distractions from a life of misery. Some songs openly called for liberty and revolution, celebrating such heroes as Gabriel Prosser and Nat Turner, and, especially, celebrating the Haitian Revolution. The fight for freedom also included fugitive slaves, free Black people, and their white allies who brought forth a set of songs that were once widely disseminated but are now largely forgotten, the songs of the abolitionists. Often composed by fugitive slaves and free Black people, and first appearing in the eighteenth century, these songs continued to be written and sung until the Civil War. As the movement expanded, abolitionists even published song books used at public meetings. This book presents recently discovered songs composed by enslaved people explicitly calling for resistance to slavery, some originating as early as 1784 and others as late as the Civil War. The book also presents long-lost songs of the abolitionist movement, some written by fugitive slaves and free Black people, challenging common misconceptions of abolitionism. The book features the lyrics of fifteen slave songs and fifteen abolitionist songs, placing them in proper historical context and making them available again to the general public. These songs not only express outrage at slavery but call for militant resistance and destruction of the slave system. There can be no doubt as to their purpose: the abolition of slavery, the emancipation of African American people, and a clear and undeniable demand for equality and justice for all humanity.
Introduction
Authors: Dahlen Sarah Park , Thomas Ebony Elizabeth
Published: January 2023

Dahlen and Thomas reflect on their trajectories as readers and scholars of youth literature, and how their reading journeys evolved as the Harry Potter universe expanded. They share their motivations—concern about shallow representations of race and racial difference, #MagicInNorthAmerica, the author's transphobia—for curating this collection of essays to make sense of how Harry Potter shapes and is shaped by current media discourse. Dahlen and Thomas explain why race, justice, and difference matter in the Wizarding World and then preview the chapters to follow.
Chosen Names, Changed Appearances, and Unchallenged Binaries
Authors: Henderson Tolonda
Published: January 2023

This chapter reads the Harry Potter series through a transgender lens, calling out the text for deadnaming Voldemort and constructing a magic/nonmagic binary that the characters can neither traverse nor escape. Ultimately, the essay rejects appeals to the idea of the death of the author because bracketing off the transphobia of the series' author does not erase the trans-exclusionary themes within the text itself.
Teaching Harry Potter as an “Other”
Authors: Howard Susan E.
Published: January 2023

This chapter explores the experiences of an African American professor who uses a freshman-level Harry Potter-themed English Composition course to teach aspects of “The Other” and how to embrace people representing marginalized groups. The writer describes various lessons and the trial and error of teaching Harry Potter in a college composition course. Rubrics and specific assignments are also discussed, giving English Composition instructors ideas and guidance on the success and pitfalls of adapting the Harry Potter series to a study of composition and rhetoric.
Best Photo Ever
Authors: Barker Cory
Published: January 2023

This chapter contextualizes Social TV within a broader history of television's remediation. Pointing to the utopian discourses surrounding prior technological innovations like the remote control, cable, and DVR, the chapter illustrates how television has been repeatedly marked for improvement, with social media situated as the latest opportunity to make the medium more communal and interactive. Yet, as the chapter introduces efforts to legitimize Social TV among industry and audience constituencies, it also underlines how those efforts aimed to reinforce the aura of live television in the face of growing interest in on-demand streaming video. The introduction also details the book's focus on ephemerality, from brief moments of social media virality to entirely discarded digital promotional material. This ephemeral histography models how to approach marginalized artifacts in the internet and social media realms.
Immerse Yourself Deeper
Authors: Barker Cory
Published: January 2023

Chapter 2 examines how, in contrast to chatter-focused initiatives elsewhere on television, cable network AMC leaned more on its scripted programs to develop a branded two-screen experience called Story Sync. The Story Sync content appeared on mobile devices during live episodes of dramas like The Walking Dead and provided added narrative context, interactive quizzes, and games. The chapter places Story Sync into a history of content repurposing to illustrate how AMC used the app to frame its series as immersive storyworlds requiring multiple screens of content and to recruit viewers into a casual, gamified environment. While both approaches celebrated fan expertise, they couched that expertise in synchronized reiteration, or the consistent engagement with approved readings of themes and character actions. But in tracing Story Sync's eventual failure, this chapter underlines that Social TV built on something other than conversation struggled to gain purchase with viewers and industry constituencies.
Factores psicosociales laborales: una revisión desde la promoción
Authors: Ferro Vásquez Jaime
Published: January 2023

El trabajo es una actividad humana que se presenta desde el momento en el que, en la evolución, el ser humano empieza a cultivar la tierra, como actividad productiva que implica que las personas aportan sus talentos, tiempo y energía, y de manera recíproca reciben alguna forma de compensación. El trabajo ha cambiado en su forma y estructura de acuerdo con los cambios sociales e históricos y, como proceso humano, presenta una serie de fenómenos psicosociales que le dan su dinámica y estructura (Luque et al., 2000). De acuerdo con Rocha Romero (2006), para entenderlo se requiere conocer la organización específica y la forma como se presenta la división del trabajo, lo mismo que la manera como está estructurada la organización laboral y el entorno social, así como la valoración subjetiva que hace la persona trabajadora de su propia labor. Los fenómenos psicosociales se pueden comprender como factores psicosociales que incluyen los aspectos propios de la individualidad y la subjetividad, por una parte, y, por otra, aunque estrechamente ligada, la construcción colectiva que hacen las personas de la realidad social en la que viven e interactúan; por lo que están presentes de manera permanente en su cotidianidad y, en particular, interactúan en el mundo del trabajo o labor.
Learned Index Benefits
Authors: Shi Jiachen , Cong Gao , Li Xiao-Li
Published: January 2023

Index selection remains one of the most challenging problems in relational database management systems. To find an optimum index configuration for a workload,
accurately and efficiently quantifying the benefits of each candidate index configuration is indispensable.
As materializing each index configuration candidate and physically executing queries are infeasible, most of index tuners rely on the cost estimations from optimizer with "what-if" API. However, "what-if" based index benefit estimations have the following two limitations. Firstly, they generate significant errors, which compromise index recommendation quality. Secondly, generating query plans and benefit estimations for each candidate index configuration takes a considerable amount of time. To address the two challenges in index selection, we propose
an effective end-to-end machine learning based index benefit estimator.
In particular, we propose novel feature extraction and encoding techniques that do not rely on "what-if" call to generate query plan for each index configuration candidate. In addition, we design an attention mechanism to address index interaction issue and aggregate the impacts of different query operations. Finally, we leverage transfer learning technique to improve the estimator's learning ability for adaption to new database. Comprehensive experiments are conducted on different workloads, and extensive experimental results show that our proposed method outperforms "what-if" based index benefit estimations in terms of accuracy and efficiency. In addition, integrating our method into existing index selection algorithms can significantly improve index recommendation quality.
Exploiting the Power of Equality-Generating Dependencies in Ontological Reasoning
Authors: Bellomarini Luigi , Benedetto Davide , Brandetti Matteo , Sallinger Emanuel
Published: January 2023

Equality-generating dependencies (EGDs) allow to fully exploit the power of existential quantification in ontological reasoning settings modeled via Tuple-Generating Dependencies (TGDs), by enabling value-assignment or forcing the equivalence of fresh symbols. These capabilities are at the core of many common reasoning tasks, including graph traversals, clustering, data matching and data fusion, and many more related real-world scenarios.

However, the interplay of TGDs and EGDs is known to lead to undecidability or intractability of query answering in tractable Datalog+/- fragments, like Warded Datalog+/-, for which, in the sole presence of TGDs, query answering is PTIME in data complexity. Restrictions of equality constraints, like separable EGDs, have been studied, but all achieve decidability at the cost of limited expressive power, which makes them unsuitable for the mentioned tasks.

This paper introduces the class of "harmless" EGDs, that subsume separable EGDs and allow to model a very broad class of tasks. We contribute a sufficient syntactic condition for testing harmlessness, an undecidable task in general. We argue that in Warded Datalog+/- with harmless EGDs, ontological reasoning is decidable and PTIME. From such theoretical underpinnings, we develop novel chase-based techniques for reasoning with harmless EGDs and present an implementation within the Vadalog system, a state-of-the-art Datalog-based reasoner. We provide full-scale experimental evaluation and comparative analysis.
Bolt-on, Compact, and Rapid Program Slicing for Notebooks
Authors: Shankar Shreya , Macke Stephen , Chasins Sarah , Head Andrew , Parameswaran Aditya
Published: January 2023

Computational notebooks are commonly used for iterative workflows, such as in exploratory data analysis. This process lends itself to the accumulation of old code and hidden state, making it hard for users to reason about the lineage of, e.g., plots depicting insights or trained machine learning models. One way to reason about code used to generate various notebook data artifacts is to compute aprogram slice, but traditional static approaches to slicing can be both inaccurate (failing to contain relevant code for artifacts) and conservative (containing unnecessary code for an artifacts). We present nbslicer, a dynamic slicer optimized for the notebook setting whose instrumentation for resolving dynamic data dependencies is bothbolt-on(and therefore portable) andswitchable(allowing it to be selectively disabled in order to reduce instrumentation overhead). We demonstrate Nbslicer's ability to construct small and accuratebackward slices(i.e., historical cell dependencies) andforward slices(i.e., cells affected by the "rerun" of an earlier cell), thereby improving reproducibility in notebooks and enabling faster reactive re-execution, respectively. Comparing nbslicer with a static slicer on 374 real notebook sessions, we found that nbslicer filters out far more superfluous program statements while maintaining slice correctness, giving slices that are, on average, 66% and 54% smaller for backward and forward slices, respectively.
SageDB
Authors: Ding Jialin , Marcus Ryan , Kipf Andreas , Nathan Vikram , Nrusimha Aniruddha , Vaidya Kapil , van Renen Alexander , Kraska Tim
Published: January 2023

Modern data systems are typically both complex and general-purpose. They are complex because of the numerous internal knobs and parameters that users need to manually tune in order to achieve good performance; they are general-purpose because they are designed to handle diverse use cases, and therefore often do not achieve the best possible performance for any specific use case. A recent trend aims to tackle these pitfalls:
instance-optimized
systems are designed to automatically self-adjust in order to achieve the best performance for a specific use case, i.e., a dataset and query workload. Thus far, the research community has focused on creating instance-optimized database components, such as learned indexes and learned cardinality estimators, which are evaluated in isolation. However, to the best of our knowledge, there is no complete data system built with instance-optimization as a foundational design principle.

In this paper, we present a progress report on SageDB, our effort towards building the first instance-optimized data system. SageDB synthesizes various instance-optimization techniques to automatically specialize for a given use case, while simultaneously exposing a simple user interface that places minimal technical burden on the user. Our prototype outperforms a commercial cloud-based analytics system by up to 3X on end-to-end query workloads and up to 250X on individual queries. SageDB is an ongoing research effort, and we highlight our lessons learned and key directions for future work.
An interactional approach to speech acts for applied linguistics
Authors: House Juliane , Kádár Dániel Z.
Published: January 2023

In this paper, we present an approach for applied linguists to undertake research on speech acts in an interactionally anchored way. We first critically revisit studies on speech acts, with a special focus on L2 pragmatics, arguing that there is a clear need to further interconnect speech acts and interaction by relying on a finite, replicable and interactional typology of speech acts. We then suggest a methodological procedure through which such a typology can be employed in applied linguistic inquiries. Finally, we describe a case study featuring irritations faced by Chinese learners of English when it comes to extracting oneself from an interaction while the other keeps on talking. Such irritations are analysed through the lens of the approach proposed in this study.
Estimation of the time fluctuation of polysynaptic responses evoked by constant spinal cord stimulation
Authors: Luna Jose L. , Pataraia Anna , Crevenna Richard , Mayr Winfried , Dimitrijevic Milan
Published: January 2023

Polysynaptic activity is necessary to engage the neural circuitry that controls the motor behaviour and is crucial to the recovery after spinal cord injury (SCI) [1]. Polysynaptic responses can be elicited with spinal cord stimulation, and there are few reports on these types of responses in human electrophysiology, most of them describing them as constant to fixed stimuli. However, we have observed that the responses fluctuate in amplitude and time. Amplitude variations can be analysed with statistical methods. However, time fluctuations are more complex due to the multiple parameters involved. This work describes a methodology to analyse the time fluctuation in the responses of each pulse. It is based on the calculation of the signal temporal centroid, representing the whole activity, weighted by its latency, in a single time value. This value is then used to model the temporal fluctuation with linear regression. The methodology was verified with an electromyography dataset from a discomplete spinal cord injured patient with spinal cord stimulation. The parameter is able to follow small changes in the responses' distribution. Examples of how the temporal centroid and linear model identify the fluctuations are presented. Once fitted in a linear model, the fluctuation coefficient describes time fluctuations in the interneuron processing and, together with amplitude metrics, can characterise changes in polysynaptic responses during the application of fixed stimulation parameters.
The effect of neuromuscular electrical stimulation on skin temperature in individuals with spinal cord injury: A prospective noncontrolled intervention study
Authors: Tancredo Janaina , Tambascia Rafael , Pithon Karla , Junior Alberto Cliquet
Published: January 2023

The research on the effect of neuromuscular electrical stimulation (NMES) protocol on skin temperature (Tsk) in individuals with spinal cord injury (SCI) is a prospective non-controlled intervention study. 47 individuals with SCI were recruited from the outpatient clinic. NMES was applied to the tibial anterior (TA) muscles. Four assessments were performed: baseline, shortly after the end of NMES session (t0), 10 min after the end of NMES (t10) and 20 min after the end of NMES (t20). The intensity used was 1.5 mA RMS (root mean square) depending on the individuals. The variables were Tsk at forehead, dermatome C2 and L5 bilaterally. The dermatome C2 and forehead were measured only at baseline and t20. The measurement device was a noncontact infrared thermometer. Results of this study demonstrated that after NMES the stimulated dermatome (L5), showed an increase in local Tsk. In addition, the t20 showed that the Tsk did not drop to the baseline, being still significant in the analyzed group. The implications for rehabilitation practice and the positive effects of NMES are fundamental to improvement of the blood microcirculation and local metabolism.
Effect of FES controlled cycling training on cardiovascular and pulmonary systems in a spinal cord injured patient
Authors: Fodor Amelita , Naszlady Márton Bese , Mravcsik Mariann , Klauber Andras , Cserháti Peter , Laczko Jozsef , Horváth Mónika
Published: January 2023

Introduction: The results of two spiroergometric measurements are presented that were taken from a spinal cord injured patient who participated in FES cycling training sessions for 11 months. Methods: The two measurements were taken 4 and 11 months after starting the training program. We investigated the respiratory exchange ratio (RER) and ventilation (VE/VO2, VE’/VCO2) ratios and the cycling cadence in the two investigated training sessions. Results: In the first assessment, the RER was below 1, which is the anaerobic training limit. Seven months later, in the second assessment, the RER value exceeded the anaerobic limit a few times and remained above it at the end of the session. The VE /VO2 and VE/VCO2 curves did not intersect during the first assessment. In the second one, the VE/VO2 and VE/VCO2 curves intersected several times and the oxygen quotient curve exceeded the carbon dioxide quotient curve. The patient achieved a low but similar cycling speed during the two assessments. Conclusion: Through the activation of paralyzed muscles with FES cycling we are able to train the paraplegic patient in aerobic and anaerobic training zones. This is shown by the value of RER, which reached the anaerobic training limit during the second assessment and remained in the anaerobic range for longer time.
“How can I keep quiet?” Motivations to participate in vaccination communication on Facebook
Authors: Rodin Pavel
Published: January 2023

Risk and crisis communication (RCC) is a complex constellation of multiple actors, platforms, and voices. It involves institutional actors but also laypeople. Participation by social media users can both facilitate and obstruct effective RCC. The present study draws on in-depth interviews with Swedish Facebook users, and explores motivational factors for lay participation in RCC in the context of vaccination utilizing Peter Dahlgren’s (2011) model. The contributions of this study are threefold. First, it identifies three dominant clusters of participation motivations: personal interest, information brokerage, and persuasion. Second, the results show that Facebook sociality is characterized by asynchronous communication, loops, and widespread hostility. Third, degrees of content visibility set up “zones of peace” (backstage, safe communication spaces) and “zones of fight” (frontstage, open sub-arenas where various views on vaccination are debated). Moreover, the study finds that these forms of sociality and levels of visibility can both strengthen and undermine user motivations.
In the Shadow of Babyn Yar: Anatoly Kuznetsov’s Eyewitness Account of the Betrayal and Rescue of Jews during the Holocaust in Kyiv
Authors: Khiterer Victoria
Published: January 2023

The article explores the motivation for betrayal and rescue of Jews during the Nazi occupation of Kyiv. Unfortunately, significantly more gentiles betrayed Jews during the occupation of the city than rescued them. The motivations for betrayal varied: traditional anti-Semitism reinforced by Nazi propaganda, some gentiles desired to enrich themselves on the account of Jewish property, to occupy Jewish apartments and to demonstrate their loyalty to the Nazis. Betrayal of Jews was encouraged and rewarded by the Nazis, while rescue of Jews put under mortal risk the gentiles who helped them. Only a few hundred Jews survived in Kyiv during the occupation. Some of them lived under bogus identities, which listed their nationality as Russians or Ukrainians. Others were hidden by their friends, neighbors and gentile spouses. In several cases Jewish children were adopted by gentile families. The article is based on scholarly and memoir literature, and archival materials. Anatoly Kuznetsov provided the most complete eyewitness account of the Nazi occupation of Kyiv and the Babyn Yar massacre in his book Babi Yar: A Document in the Form of a Novel, which is one of the main sources for the article.
Factor structures of speed and breakdown fluency in EFL learners’ story retelling performances
Authors: Bao Gui
Published: January 2023

Utterance fluency is widely acknowledged to be three-dimensional (i.e., speed, breakdown and repair), but little direct evidence has been offered in support of its dimensionality. This study examines the factor structures of speed and breakdown fluency and their relationships with EFL proficiency by evaluating 162 EFL learners’ retelling performances with respect to commonly used speed measures as well as pause length and frequency measures. Findings from structural equation modeling show that speed fluency was represented by articulation rate and mean length of utterance, and breakdown fluency by mid-clause pause length and frequency as well as end-of-clause pause length. Although speed and breakdown fluency were strongly related, EFL proficiency had a direct effect on speed fluency but not on breakdown fluency. When articulation rate was replaced with speech rate as the sole measure of speed fluency, the factor structure of breakdown fluency was changed and EFL proficiency contributed a little more to speed fluency. These findings help to better understand how EFL learners make pauses and how measures of speed and breakdown fluency differ from but simultaneously relate to each other.
Newborn screening for inborn errors of metabolism in a northern Chinese population
Authors: Liu Genxian , Liu Xingying , Lin Yiming
Published: January 2023

Objectives

Newborn screening (NBS) for inborn errors of metabolism (IEMs) has been successfully implemented in China. However, the data on the IEM profiles in many regions are lacking. This study aimed to report the incidence, disease spectrum, and genetic profile of IEMs in northern China.

Methods

A total of 36,590 newborns were screened using tandem mass spectrometry between January 2016 and April 2022. Newborns with positive results were referred for confirmatory testing.

Results

Ten patients were confirmed to have IEMs, with an overall incidence of 1:3,539 in the Rizhao region. Five types of IEMs were detected, including four patients with propionic acidemia (PA), three patients with methylmalonic acidemia (MMA), one of each with citrin deficiency, primary carnitine deficiency, and isobutyryl-CoA dehydrogenase deficiency. PA was the most common IEM, with an unexpectedly high incidence of 1:8,848, followed by MMA, with an incidence rate of 1:11,797. All patients had abnormal screening markers and harbored biallelic variants in their respective causative genes. Two novel PCCB variants (c.505G>A and c.1123_1124insG) were identified in patients with PA. In silico analyses predicted that these two variants were potentially pathogenic.

Conclusions

This study preliminarily clarified the incidence, disease spectrum, and genetic profile of IEMs in the Rizhao region. PA is the most common IEM and MMA is the second most common in our region. The two novel identified PCCB variants further expand the variant spectrum of PA. More attention should be paid to NBS, early diagnosis, and management of PA and MA.
Identification of a novel mutation in the ALDOB gene in hereditary fructose intolerance
Authors: Beyzaei Zahra , Ezgu Fatih , Imanieh Mohammad Hadi , Haghighat Mahmoud , Dehghani Seyed Mohsen , Honar Naser , Geramizadeh Bita
Published: January 2023

Objectives

Hereditary fructose intolerance (HFI) is caused by aldolase B enzyme deficiency. There has been no report about HFI from Iran and the type of mutations has not been reported in the Iranian population so far.

Case presentation

Herein we report a 2 year old girl presented with failure to thrive, hepatomegaly, and liver dysfunction. The primary impression has been hepatic glycogen storage disease type 1 or 6. This diagnosis was not confirmed by laboratory data and liver biopsy. Therefore, targeted-gene sequencing (TGS) covering 450 genes involved in inborn errors in metabolic diseases was performed. The results of TGS showed a rare novel homozygous pathogenic variant c.944del (p.Gly315ValfsTer15) in the ALDOB gene.

Conclusions

This report introduces a novel variant that expands the mutational spectrum of the ALDOB gene in patients with HFI.
Synthesis and crystal structure of 3-bromo-4-phenyl-2H-chromene, C15H11BrO
Authors: Tang Yun-Hao , Li Fei , Yang Yu-Zhu , Pan Wei-Dong
Published: January 2023

C15H11BrO, triclinic,

P

1
‾

$P\overline{1}$

(no. 2), a = 6.0696(9) Å, b = 10.1112(10) Å, c = 10.9318(13) Å, α = 104.938(10)°, β = 104.246(12)°, γ = 97.021(10)°, V = 615.82(14) Å3, Z = 2, R

gt
(F) = 0.0573, wR

ref
(F
2) = 0.1355, T = 293(2) K.
Research on attenuation motion test at oblique incidence based on double-N six-light-screen system
Authors: Yang Xiaodong , Li Hai , Dong Qunfeng , Ren Shenhe
Published: January 2023

To improve the photoelectric test accuracy of moving objects, in this study, the speed attenuation caused by air resistance was introduced into the double-N six-light-screen test system, and the test system was theoretically analyzed through oblique incidence with field experiment for verification. It was found in the study that the optimal test values for yaw angle, pitch angle, axial speed, and distance could be obtained by selecting the pulse time origin at the center of two light screen groups. In addition, mud pellets were used for field experiments to effectively verify the simulation results. In a new model, the test accuracy of yaw angle and pitch angle was greatly improved when compared with traditional processing methods, but the laws of error distribution remained almost unchanged. The error of axial speed showed monotonicity as affected by the pitch angle. At the same time, the error of test distance remained symmetric with the improved accuracy, thereby meeting the statistical test requirements for small-volume moving objects.
An important chapter in the history of semiotics: inference from signs in Philodemus’ De signis
Authors: Manetti Giovanni
Published: January 2023

Philodemus’ De signis is one of the classical texts of greatest semiotic interest. It reports the debate which arose between the Epicureans and an opposing school, usually identified as the Stoics, concerning semiotic inference. The Epicureans proposed to construct semiotic inferences based on generalizations resting on similarity, ultimately configuring their method as a form of induction. Their opponents attacked the Epicurean proposal in a twofold way: on the one hand, they argued that the Epicureans’ method intrinsically lacked cogency, invalidating their inferences from a logical point of view. On the other, they criticized the notion of similarity, arguing that it is generally a vague notion, and in some cases impossible to implement, as when one is faced with unique cases. The debate is very complex and is divided into replies and rejoinders. The ultimate impression one gets is that the Epicureans were able, for the first time in antiquity, to propose a real method to construct semiotic inferences, even though the latter were subject to fallibility, while their opponents did not propose a method, but a test, “elimination,” able only to check the logical soundness of semiotic inferences. In doing so, they placed themselves in a tradition extending back to the theory of signs formulated – albeit in a significantly different way – by Aristotle.
Car bumper stickers in Jordan as a site of carnivalesque transgression and degradation
Authors: Badarneh Muhammad A.
Published: January 2023

The present study investigates how car bumper stickers in Jordan are exploited as public texts and spaces to communicate transgressive messages about the self and the other. Using Bakhtin’s notions of the carnival and the carnivalesque, eighty-four ethnographically collected bumper stickers were analyzed. The analysis of data shows that this public form of communication is exploited by Jordanian drivers and car owners as a site of carnivalesque transgression and degradation in three discursive spheres: (i) castigating female materiality, calling into question female attainment of rationality, and stressing ‘female infidelity’; (ii) complaining about one’s suffering, burdens, and cares through a plaintive image of ritual lamentation and self-degradation; and (iii) creating a Bakhtinian ‘reversible world’ that attempts to reverse values, hierarchies, and power relationships, and in which the lowly is valorized, and the social discourse of the community is inverted. Like carnival and the carnivalesque, these bumper stickers provide a licensed space of transgression and degradation and reflect a special type of communication that is impossible in everyday life as such communication constitutes a form of carnivalesque ‘marketplace speech’ that is devoid of the norms of etiquette and decency. The present study contributes to research on transgressive language and popular culture in public spaces.
Terahertz plasma oscillations and dissipating solitary pulses in electron–hole semiconductor plasmas
Authors: Abrar Hafiz M. , Shabbir Usama , Khan Shabbir A. , Khan Majid
Published: January 2023

Linearized modes of oscillation in terahertz range and weakly dissipating electrostatic solitary pulses are studied in semiconductor plasmas in the framework of quantum hydrodynamics. Many-particle effect is expressed in the local density approximation with the help of exchange-correlation potential and the species space charge effect is included through Poisson’s equation. Using reductive perturbation technique, damped Korteweg de-Vries equations is derived with a linear damping term arising due to electron (hole)–phonon collisions. Time evolution of solitary acoustic pulses is presented analytically and numerically. Typical values corresponding to GaAs, GaSb, InP and GaN semiconductors are used for parametric analysis and pulse profile with collision-induced dissipation and quantum effects of statistical pressure, Bohm potential and exchange-correlation potential. The pulses are stable and can withstand perturbations for a considerable time before damping.
Postactivation Performance Enhancement in Healthy Adults Using a Bodyweight Conditioning Activity: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
Authors: Brink Nicholas J. , Constantinou Demitri , Torres Georgia
Published: January 2023

Brink, NJ, Constantinou, D, and Torres, G. Postactivation performance enhancement in healthy adults using a bodyweight conditioning activity: a systematic review and meta-analysis. J Strength Cond Res XX(X): 000–000, 2022—A systematic review and meta-analysis were conducted to review the available evidence on whether a bodyweight conditioning activity can acutely improve the performance outcome of a subsequent task through postactivation performance enhancement. Data sources included PubMed (National Library of Medicine), Web of Science (Clarivate Analytics), Google Scholar, SPORTDiscuss (EBSCO), Embase (Elsevier), and Thesis Global. Subjects were healthy, active adults who performed either a vertical jump or a linear sprint outcome measurement. All studies were randomized controlled trials where the effects of a bodyweight conditioning activity were compared with a control condition. The control group followed the same course as the experimental group excluding the intervention, with the intervention and outcome measurement carried out in the same session. The intervention was completed before the initiation of the outcome measure testing. Nineteen studies fulfilled the eligibility criteria and were included. There was a small overall effect of 0.30 (95% confidence interval 0.14–0.46, p = 0.0003) in favor of using a bodyweight conditioning activity to improve the outcome of a subsequent vertical jump or linear sprint. Secondary analysis indicated that there was no difference between the vertical jump and sprint subgroup, <5 minutes or 5 minutes and greater between the intervention and outcome measurement subgroup, or whether an intervention with the same movements or different movements was used before the outcome task subgroup. Using bodyweight conditioning activities before performing a maximal vertical jump or sprint may provide a small benefit in performance outcome.
The Effects of a 6-Week Unilateral Strength and Ballistic Jump Training Program on the Force-Velocity Profiles of Sprinting
Authors: Bettariga Francesco , Maestroni Luca , Martorelli Luca , Turner Anthony , Bishop Chris
Published: January 2023

Bettariga, F, Maestroni, L, Martorelli, L, Turner, A, and Bishop, C. The effects of a 6-week unilateral strength and ballistic jump training program on the force-velocity profiles of sprinting. J Strength Cond Res XX(X): 000–000, 2022—The aims of this study were (a) to investigate the effects of a unilateral training program, compared with a control group, on a force-velocity (F-V) profile in soccer players and (b) to explore such effects on linear speed. Twenty-four soccer players, randomly assigned to a 6-week unilateral strength and ballistic jump training (UNI) (n = 12) or a control group (CON) (n = 12), performed 30-meter linear sprint test. Findings showed small-to-moderate improvements (p < 0.05) in linear speed time (g = 0.66–0.81) and in most F-V variables: maximal running velocity (V0) (g = 0.81), maximal power output (Pmax) (g = 0.49), maximal ratio of force (RFmax) (g = 0.55), optimal velocity (Vopt) (g = 0.83), and maximal speed (g = 0.84) from pre- to post-intervention in the UNI group, whereas no meaningful changes were found in the CON group. The between-group comparison indicated small to large significant changes in V0 (g = 0.95), RFmax (g = 0.48), Vopt (g = 0.95), maximal speed (g = 0.98), and linear speed time performance (g = 0.42–1.02), with the exception of the 0–5 meter distance, in favor of the UNI group. Thus, a unilateral strength and ballistic jump training program can be used to improve the F-V profile and linear speed performance of amateur soccer players.
Reliability, Usefulness, and Validity of Field-Based Vertical Jump Measuring Devices
Authors: Comyns Thomas M. , Murphy Jennifer , O'Leary Dylan
Published: January 2023

Comyns, TM, Murphy, J, and O’Leary, D. Reliability, usefulness, and validity of field-based vertical jump measuring devices. J Strength Cond Res 37(8): 1594–1599, 2023—The purpose of this study was to examine the test-retest reliability, usefulness, and validity of field-based devices, in determining jump height (JH) during a countermovement jump (CMJ). Twenty-one male (22.8 ± 2.4 years; 1.82 ± 0.07 m; 86.0 ± 10.4 kg) and 7 female field sport athletes (20.5 ± 1.5 years; 1.65 ± 0.06 m; 65.4 ± 7.2 kg) performed 3 CMJs with data simultaneously recorded using a force plate (criterion measure), Optojump, Output Capture, and Push-Band 2.0. Reliability was determined by intraclass correlation (ICC) and coefficient of variation (CV) analyses. Usefulness was assessed by comparing typical error (TE) with the smallest worthwhile change (SWC), and the validity analyses involved repeated measures analysis of variance with post hoc analysis, Pearson correlation coefficient (r), coefficient of determination, and Bland-Altman 95% limits of agreement analyses. All 3 field-based devices were deemed reliable in assessing CMJ height as the respective ICCs ≥ 0.80 and the CV ≤ 10%. Only the Optojump and Output Capture devices were rated as “good” at detecting the SWC in performance (Optojump SWC: 1.44 > TE: 1.04; Output Capture SWC: 1.47 > TE: 1.05). The Output Capture device demonstrated acceptable validity for CMJ height assessment, whereas the Push-Band 2.0 showed systematic bias when compared with the criterion force plate data. Systematic difference was also evident for the Optojump potentially due to the optical switching-cell position on the Optojump. Although all 3 devices showed excellent reliability, the Optojump and Output Capture devices offer practitioners a cost effective, reliable, and valid method of assessing the smallest worthwhile change in CMJ performance in an applied setting.
Avoid an Allele Audit
Authors: Hodgson Jay Y. S. , Cutwa Michele M. , Collier Alex , Craven Kathryn S.
Published: January 2023

Students are often intimidated by genetic evolution equations because they do not relate to everyday concepts. We developed and piloted an instructional scaffolding patterned after income tax return forms that students use to calculate Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium, natural selection, and mutation-selection balance of alleles. Students sequentially solve these evolution equations by entering variables into a series of cascading calculations similar to an Internal Revenue Service Tax Form 1040. We discuss suggestions for implementation of this exercise and demonstrate through assessment data that students have improved understanding of these equations after its application.
International Criminal Court Jurisdiction Against Human Rights Violations by Philippine President After Withdrawal from Rome Statute
Authors: Rakhmawati Neni
Published: January 2023

Rodrigo Duterte who has ordered the police to execute drug addicts who do not want to be arrested. However, the assailant was still shot despite surrendering to arrest, the police on behalf of the anti-drug unit went to people's homes and did so because of the policy of "who gets killed, the police get paid". The crime that has been committed by Rodrigo Duterte under ICC jurisdiction is giving orders. to the police and the public to carry out extrajudicial killings of individuals involved in narcotics and to protect those who carry out their orders, so that Rodrigo Duterte is judged guilty and responsible in accordance with Article 25 paragraph 3 (b), (c), (d) the Rome Statute Crimes against humanity are among the criminal jurisdictions of the ICC. Although the Philippines withdrew from the Rome Statute, it did not prevent the International Criminal Court (ICC) from reviewing the case involving Philippine President Rodrigo Duterte. The Rome Statute provides for withdrawals, in particular article 127 , paragraphs (1) and (2) of the 1998 Rome Statute.
A Survey of Knowledge Level of Fitness Members in Consuming Muscle-building Supplements in Semarang
Authors: Arhab Abiyyu Bari , Bangsa Yohanes de la Cruz Gilang Putra
Published: January 2023

The consumption of supplements to increase muscle mass is considered a necessity for some fitness members. However, there is lack studies which evaluate the level of fitness members’ knowledge about supplements. This research is a type of quantitative descriptive research. 15% of the sample has very good knowledge (very knowledgeable), and 45% of the sample has sufficient knowledge (knowing), unfortunately there are still many respondents (consumers) as much as 40% do not know about the supplements they are taking. Researcher conclude the knowledge levels of fitness member in supplement consumption is still low, and we assume that the factor of education level had a significant effect on the knowledge level of fitness members in consuming supplements.
Correlation of Potassium Intake and Physical Activity with Blood Pressure in Hypertensive Patients at Puskesmas Kedungmundu Semarang
Authors: Karimulloh Ali Akbar , Ulvie Yuliana Noor Setiawati , Kusuma Hapsari Sulistya , Sulistiani Ria Purniawan
Published: January 2023

Hypertension or high blood pressure is a major risk factor of cardiovascular diseases which is a prime contributor to deaths worldwide. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between potassium intake and physical activity with blood pressure in hypertensive patients. A total of 47 samples participated in this analytical cross-sectional study and provided data about potassium intake and physical activity through interviews using Semiquantitative Food Frequency Questionnaire (SQFFQ). Blood pressure data were obtained from medical records. Data were analyzed with Rank Spearman correlation test. The results showed 4 (8.5%) subjects had sufficient potassium intake, while for the remaining 91.5% didn’t meet their dietary potassium requirements. Most of the participants (87.2%) had low physical activity levels. No correlation was found between potassium intake and systolic blood pressure (p=0.261) while a statistically significant relationship with diastolic blood pressure (p=0.026). Physical activity levels showed significant correlation with both systolic (p=0.047) and diastolic (p=-0.022). In conclusion, no association was found between potassium intake and systolic blood pressure but the opposite was observed for diastolic blood pressure. Physical activity levels showed significant correlations with systolic and diastolic blood pressures.
Accuracy of papillary thyroid cancer prognostic nomograms: a systematic review
Authors: Luisa Garo Maria , Deandreis Désirée , Campennì Alfredo , Vrachimis Alexis , Petranovic Ovcaricek Petra , Giovanella Luca
Published: January 2023

Objective

Current staging and risk-stratification systems for predicting survival or recurrence of patients with differentiated thyroid carcinoma may be ineffective at predicting outcomes in individual patients. In recent years, nomograms have been proposed as an alternative to conventional systems for predicting personalized clinical outcomes. We conducted a systematic review to evaluate the predictive performance of available nomograms for thyroid cancer patients.

Design and methods

PROSPERO registration (CRD42022327028). A systematic search was conducted without time and language restrictions. PICOT questions: population, patients with papillary thyroid cancer; comparator prognostic factor, single-arm studies; outcomes, overall survival, disease-free survival, cancer-specific survival, recurrence, central lymph node metastases, or lateral lymph node metastases; timing, all periods; setting, hospital setting. Risk of bias was assessed through PROBAST tool.

Results

Eighteen studies with a total of 20 prognostic models were included in the systematic review (90,969 papillary thyroid carcinoma patients). Fourteen models were at high risk of bias and four were at unclear risk of bias. The greatest concerns arose in the analysis domain. The accuracy of nomograms for overall survival was assessed in only one study and appeared limited (0.77, 95% CI: 0.75–0.79). The accuracy of nomograms for disease-free survival ranged from 0.65 (95% CI: 0.55–0.75) to 0.92 (95% CI: 0.91–0.95). The C-index for predicting lateral lymph node metastasis ranged from 0.72 to 0.92 (95% CI: 0.86–0.97). For central lymph node metastasis, the C-index of externally validated studies ranged from 0.706 (95% CI: 0.685–0.727) to 0.923 (95% CI: 0.893–0.946).

Conclusions

Our work highlights the extremely high heterogeneity among nomograms and the critical lack of external validation studies that limit the applicability of nomograms in clinical practice. Further studies ideally using commonly adopted risk factors as the backbone to develop nomograms are required.

Significance statement

Nomograms may be appropriate tools to plan treatments and predict personalized clinical outcomes in patients with papillary thyroid cancer. However, the nomograms developed to date are very heterogeneous, and their results seem to be closely related to the specific samples studied to generate the same nomograms. The lack of rigorous external validation procedures and the use of risk factors that sometimes appear to be far from those commonly used in clinical practice, as well as the great heterogeneity of the risk factors considered, limit the ability of nomograms to predict patient outcomes and thus their current introduction in clinical practice.
Metaverse - Grundlagen, Einsatzfelder und Herausforderungen
Authors: Kreutzer Ralf T.
Published: January 2023

Seit sich Facebook im Jahr 2021 in Meta Platforms umbenannt hat und statt „Facebook first“ auf „Meta first“ setzt, fragen sich immer mehr Entscheidungsträger in Unternehmen: Was ist Metaverse? Handelt es sich bei Metaverse nur um eine Modeerscheinung, die bald vorbei sein wird? Oder ist Metaverse tatsächlich ein Gamechanger? Diese Fragen werden in diesem Beitrag bearbeitet.
THE PROBLEM OF THE HAGIOGRAPHIC CANON IN THE LIFE OF ALEXANDER OSHEVENSKY
Authors: Pak Natalia
Published: January 2023

The Life of Alexander Oshevensky is a compiled hagiographic work based on borrowings from a wide range of sources, which, due to this fact, can serve as convenient material for the study of the hagiographic canon as a problem of historical poetics. Fundamentally new in the work is the source-based approach to the problem, rooted in the belief that the establishment of direct sources used by the hagiographer is, in the absence of other evidence, practically the only way to solve it. The work on identifying literary sources of the Life of Alexander Oshevensky, begun by Ivan Yakhontov (1881), was more successful when it concerned the action and the plot, and far less successful when it concerned rhetorical digressions. The article examines the textual and artistic features of those fragments of the Life of Alexander Oshevensky, which, according to the assumption of researchers, were borrowed from the Life of Euphrosynus of Pskov, the Life of Isidorus of Rostov (the Tverdislov) and the Life of Antonius the Roman. As a result of the analysis, it was found that the direct source of these fragments were other literary monuments, namely the Life of Demetrius Prilutsky in the Menologian edition and the Life of Zosimus and Sabbatius of Solovki in the First Stylistic edition. The sources were determined using the methods of textual analysis, structural analysis and comparative analysis of a recurring motif in different hagiographic works. In addition, the article introduces into scientific circulation a previously unnamed source of the Life of Alexander Oshevensky, namely, the Life of Paulus of Obnora.