bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Fault diagnosis method of bearing utilizing GLCM and MBASA-based KELM
Authors: Fei Sheng-wei , Liu Ying-zhe
Published: October 2022

In this study, fault diagnosis method of bearing utilizing gray level co-occurrence matrix (GLCM) and multi-beetles antennae search algorithm (MBASA)-based kernel extreme learning machine (KELM) is presented. In the proposed method, feature extraction of time–frequency image based on GLCM is proposed to extract the features of the bearing vibration signal, and multi-beetles antennae search algorithm-based KELM (MBASA-KELM) is presented to recognize the states of bearing. KELM employs the kernel-based framework, which has better generalization than traditional extreme learning machine, and it is necessary to look for an excellent optimization algorithm to select appropriate regularization parameter and kernel parameter of the KELM model because these parameters of the KELM model can affect its performance. As traditional beetle antennae search algorithm only employs one beetle, which is difficult to find the optimal parameters when the ranges of the parameters to be optimized are wide, multi-beetles antennae search algorithm (MBASA) employing multi-beetles is presented to select the regularization parameter and kernel parameter of KELM. The experimental results demonstrate that MBASA-KELM has stronger fault diagnosis ability for bearing than LSSVM, and KNN.
Carbon dioxide and hydrogen adsorption study on surface-modified HKUST-1 with diamine/triamine
Authors: Zelenka Tomas , Simanova Klaudia , Saini Robin , Zelenkova Gabriela , Nehra Satya Pal , Sharma Anshu , Almasi Miroslav
Published: October 2022

The present article intended to study the influence of post-synthetic modification with ethylenediamine (en, diamine) and diethylenetriamine (deta, triamine) within the coordinatively unsaturated sites (CUSs) of HKUST-1 on carbon dioxide and hydrogen storage. The as-sythesized adsorbent was solvent-exchanged and subsequently post-synthetically modified with di-/triamines as sources of amine-based sorption sites due to the increased CO2 storage capacity. It is known that carbon dioxide molecules have a high affinity for amine groups, and moreover, the volume of amine molecules itself reduces the free pore volume in HKUST-1, which is the driving force for increasing the hydrogen storage capacity. Different concentrations of amines were used for modification of HKUST-1, through which materials with different molar ratios of HKUST-1 to amine: 1:0.05; 1:0.1; 1:0.25; 1:0.5; 1:0.75; 1:1; 1:1.5 were synthesized. Adsorption measurements of carbon dioxide at 0 °C up to 1 bar have shown that the compounds can adsorb large amounts of carbon dioxide. In general, deta-modified samples showed higher adsorbed amounts of CO2 compared to en-modified materials, which can be explained by the higher number of amine groups within the deta molecule. With an increasing molar ratio of amines, there was a decrease in wt.% CO2. The maximum storage capacity of CO2 was 22.3 wt.% for HKUST-1: en/1:0.1 and 33.1 wt.% for HKUST-1: deta/1:0.05 at 0 °C and 1 bar. Hydrogen adsorption measurements showed the same trend as carbon dioxide, with the maximum H2 adsorbed amounts being 1.82 wt.% for HKUST-1: en/1:0.1 and 2.28 wt.% for HKUST-1: deta/1:0.05 at − 196 °C and 1 bar.
The associations between suicide-related behaviors, prefrontal dysfunction in emotional cognition, and personality traits in mood disorders
Authors: Kamimura Hisashi , Matsuoka Takahiro , Okai Hiroshi , Shimizu Naoki , Harada Shu , Matsuo Koji
Published: October 2022

Suicide is a serious public health problem, and it is urgent to identify biomarkers associated with suicide to prevent it. We aimed to clarify the association across suicidal behavior, personality traits, and brain activation by emotional stimulation tasks using near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) in patients with mood disorders. 11 mood disorder patients with a history of suicide attempt (MDSA), 18 mood disorder patients with no history of suicide attempt (MDNSA), and 17 healthy individuals were studied. The MDSA patients showed significantly high impulsivity and hopeless compared to healthy subjects, great response to the thread word task in the orbitofrontal cortex (OFC) and dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) compared to MDNSA patients, and the significant correlation between the personality traits and brain activation. The MDNSA did not show the trend. The results suggest that the personality traits and the activation of OFC and DLPFC during the negative emotional cognitive stimuli is associated with suicidal behavior, indicating the findings are involved in the pathophysiology of suicidality in mood disorders.
Host adaptive mutations in the 2009 H1N1 pandemic influenza A virus PA gene regulate translation efficiency of viral mRNAs via GRSF1
Authors: Lutz Michael , Schmierer Jordana , Takimoto Toru
Published: October 2022

Avian species are the major natural reservoir from which pandemic influenza A viruses can be introduced to humans. Avian influenza A virus genes, including the three viral polymerase genes, PA, PB1 and PB2, require host-adaptive mutations to allow for viral replication and transmission in humans. Previously, PA from the 2009 pH1N1 viral polymerase was found to harbor host-adaptive mutations leading to enhanced viral polymerase activity. By quantifying translation and mRNA transcription, we found that the 2009 pH1N1 PA, and the associated host-adaptive mutations, led to greater translation efficiency. This was due to enhanced cytosolic accumulation of viral mRNA, which was dependent on the host RNA binding protein GRSF1. Mutations to the GRSF1 binding site in viral mRNA, as well as GRSF1 knockdown, reduced cytosolic accumulation and translation efficiency of viral mRNAs. This study identifies a previously unrecognized mechanism by which host-adaptive mutations in PA regulate viral replication and host adaptation. Importantly, these results provide greater insight into the host adaptation process of IAVs and reveal the importance of GRSF1 in the lifecycle of IAV.
Targeting the ALK–CDK9-Tyr19 kinase cascade sensitizes ovarian and breast tumors to PARP inhibition via destabilization of the P-TEFb complex
Authors: Chu Yu-Yi , Chen Mei-Kuang , Wei Yongkun , Lee Heng-Huan , Xia Weiya , Wang Ying-Nai , Yam Clinton , Hsu Jennifer L. , Wang Hung-Ling , Chang Wei-Chao , Yamaguchi Hirohito , Jiang Zhou , Liu Chunxiao , Li Ching-Fei , Nie Lei , Chan Li-Chuan , Gao Yuan , Wang Shao-Chun , Liu Jinsong , Westin Shannon N. , Lee Sanghoon , Sood Anil K. , Yang Liuqing , Hortobagyi Gabriel N. , Yu Dihua , Hung Mien-Chie
Published: October 2022

Poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) inhibitors have demonstrated promising clinical activity in multiple cancers. However, resistance to PARP inhibitors remains a substantial clinical challenge. In the present study, we report that anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) directly phosphorylates CDK9 at tyrosine-19 to promote homologous recombination (HR) repair and PARP inhibitor resistance. Phospho-CDK9-Tyr19 increases its kinase activity and nuclear localization to stabilize positive transcriptional elongation factor b and activate polymerase II-dependent transcription of HR-repair genes. Conversely, ALK inhibition increases ubiquitination and degradation of CDK9 by Skp2, an E3 ligase. Notably, combination of US Food and Drug Administration-approved ALK and PARP inhibitors markedly reduce tumor growth and improve survival of mice in PARP inhibitor-/platinum-resistant tumor xenograft models. Using human tumor biospecimens, we further demonstrate that phosphorylated ALK (p-ALK) expression is associated with resistance to PARP inhibitors and positively correlated with p-Tyr19-CDK9 expression. Together, our findings support a biomarker-driven, combinatorial treatment strategy involving ALK and PARP inhibitors to induce synthetic lethality in PARP inhibitor-/platinum-resistant tumors with high p-ALK–p-Tyr19-CDK9 expression.
Understanding the critical elements of the pyrocumulonimbus storm sparked by high-intensity wildland fire
Authors: Fromm Michael , Servranckx René , Stocks Brian J. , Peterson David A.
Published: October 2022

High-intensity wildland fires can produce extreme flaming and smoke emissions that develop into a fire-cloud chimney, reaching into the upper troposphere or lower stratosphere. Termed pyrocumulonimbus, these storms are both conventional and counterintuitive. They have been observed to produce lightning, hail, downdraft wind hazards, and tornadoes as expected with severe convective storms, but counterintuitively, they are not associated with significant precipitation. Pyrocumulonimbus storms have been noticed outside wildfire expert circles following Australia’s Black Summer in 2019/20, and have since repeatedly made headlines in the United States. However, much is unknown about their behavior, energetics, history, and impact on the Earth/atmosphere system. We address several questions and science challenges related to these unknowns. Our worldwide record of pyrocumulonimbus events from 2013 to 2021 shows that the phenomenon is neither new nor rare. Despite high occurrences in 2019 and 2021, these data do not support identification of a trend. Future studies require an expansive record of pyrocumulonimbus occurrence globally and regionally, both historically and continuously forward in time.
Aerosol absorption has an underappreciated role in historical precipitation change
Authors: Samset Bjørn H.
Published: October 2022

Precipitation change has proven notoriously hard to simulate consistently between global climate models. Aerosol induced shortwave absorption over the historical era is also poorly constrained in both observations and modelling. These factors are closely linked, since absorption induced heating of the atmospheric column inhibits precipitation formation. Here I show that the spread in simulated aerosol absorption in the most recent generation of climate models (CMIP6) can be a dominating cause of uncertainty in simulated precipitation change, globally and regionally. Consequently, until improvements are made in scientific understanding of the key absorbing aerosol types, projections of precipitation change under future anthropogenic emissions will have major, irreducible uncertainties. Black carbon, which has recently been found to have only a weak influence on global surface temperature, regains prominence as a contributor to regional precipitation change and its historical and future evolution.
Residue-specific N-terminal glycine to aldehyde transformation renders analytically pure single-site labeled proteins
Authors: Sahu Tularam , Kumar Mohan , T. K. Sajeev , Joshi Manas , Mishra Ram Kumar , Rai Vishal
Published: October 2022

Here, we demonstrate the residue-specific transformation of N-Gly into N-Gly-glyoxamide. The aldehyde introduction opens the residue-specific synthetic flexibility for the N-Gly proteome.
Total syntheses of wentilactones A and B, and related norditerpene dilactones
Authors: Hou Wu , Cao Xin , Xu Peng , Yu Biao
Published: October 2022

A divergent approach toward the synthesis of A-ring functionalized tetranorditerpenoid dilactones has been developed, employing 3β-hydroxydilactone 6 as a common precursor which is readily derived from (S)-Wieland–Miescher ketone.
Observation of dissipating solvated protons upon hydrogel formation
Authors: van Dam Eliane P. , König Benedikt , Ramos Sashary , Adams Ellen M. , Schwaab Gerhard , Havenith Martina
Published: October 2022

Aqueous hyaluronan solutions form an elastic hydrogel within a narrow pH range, around pH 2.4, making this a model system to study the conformational changes of the hydrogen bond network upon gelation.
Easy-axis rotation in ferromagnetic monolayer CrN induced by fluorine and chlorine functionalization
Authors: Caglayan R. , Mogulkoc Y. , Mogulkoc A. , Modarresi M. , Rudenko A. N.
Published: October 2022

The schematic energy diagram with crystal-field splitting of the d states before and after functionalization of CrN is reported.
Interlayer spacing in pillared and grafted MCM-22 type silicas: density functional theory analysis versus experiment
Authors: Han Yong , Chatterjee Puranjan , Alam Sardar B. , Prozorov Tanya , Slowing Igor I. , Evans James W.
Published: October 2022

Density functional theory predicts that adding a succinic anhydride type pillaring agent to a pure silica precursor MCM-22P produces pillared or grafted MCM-22 type silicas with interlayer spacing 2.0 to 2.5 Å greater than the MCM-22 molecular sieve.
A novel material Cs2RbxAg1−xIn0.875Bi0.125Cl6 with a special blue shift and application for white light LED devices
Authors: Wang Xixiang , Niu Chen , Liao Wenjian , Mei Shiliang , Hu Rongrong , Li Yang , Yang Bobo , Chen Yong , Zou Jun
Published: October 2022

A lead-free perovskite of Cs2RbxAg1−xIn0.875Bi0.125Cl6 was synthesized by a hydrothermal method. Properties were characterized in detail and a LED device package was developed with desirable performance promising for lighting applications.
Mechanistical study on the formation of hydroxyacetone (CH3COCH2OH), methyl acetate (CH3COOCH3), and 3-hydroxypropanal (HCOCH2CH2OH) along with their enol tautomers (prop-1-ene-1,2-diol (CH3C(OH)CHOH), prop-2-ene-1,2-diol (CH2C(OH)CH2OH), 1-methoxyethen-1-ol (CH3OC(OH)CH2) and prop-1-ene-1,3-diol (HOCH2CHCHOH)) in interstellar ice analogs
Authors: Wang Jia , Marks Joshua H. , Turner Andrew M. , Nikolayev Anatoliy A. , Azyazov Valeriy , Mebel Alexander M. , Kaiser Ralf I.
Published: October 2022

Mechanistic study on the formation of hydroxyacetone, methyl acetate, and 3-hydroxypropanal along with their enol tautomers in interstellar ice analogs.
Predicting the configuration and energy of DNA in a nucleosome by coarse-grain modelling
Authors: Giniūnaitė Rasa , Petkevičiūtė-Gerlach Daiva
Published: October 2022

We present a novel algorithm which uses a coarse-grained model and an energy minimisation procedure to predict the sequence-dependent DNA configuration in a nucleosome together with its energetic cost.
Interactions of limonene with the water dimer
Authors: Murugachandran S. Indira , Sanz M. Eugenia
Published: October 2022

The interactions of limonene with the water dimer have been characterised through the identification of seven different isomers.
Electrostatic interactions and physisorption: mechanisms of passive cesium adsorption on Prussian blue
Authors: Nordstrand Johan , Kloo Lars
Published: October 2022

The study finds atomic-level physisorption interactions that leads to electrostatic Langmuir adsorption.
Aromatic amine electrochemical sensors based on a Co-MOF: a hydrogen bond-induced specific response
Authors: Wu Xiao-qin , Yang Ze-yu , Sang Xiao-jie , Tian Xin-xin , Wei Xuehong
Published: October 2022

A 2D Co-MOF, {[Co2(L2−)2(bipy)](DMA)·2H2O}n (Co-1, H2L = 2,5-thienedioic acid; bipy = 2,2′-bipyridine; DMA = N,N′-dimethyl acetamide), was synthesized by hydrothermal method.
Effect of intermolecular anionic interactions on spin crossover of two triple-stranded dinuclear Fe(ii) complexes showing above room temperature spin transition
Authors: Athira S. , Mondal Dibya Jyoti , Shome Shraoshee , Dey Bijoy , Konar Sanjit
Published: October 2022

Two new Fe(ii)-based dinuclear triple helicates [Fe2L3]4+, displaying near room temperature spin transition have been synthesized and the effect of intermolecular interactions and co-operativity between metal centers on the SCO has been studied.
Gold(i) complexes bearing a PNP-type pincer ligand: photophysical properties and catalytic investigations
Authors: Casciotti Martina , Romo-Islas Guillermo , Álvarez María , Molina Francisco , Muñoz-Molina José María , Belderrain Tomás R. , Rodríguez Laura
Published: October 2022

The synthesis and characterization of two dinuclear and five tetranuclear gold(i) complexes bearing the 2,6-bis(diphenylphosphinomethyl)pyridine diphosphane ligand (DPPMPY) are herein reported.
Solvent engineering to regulate the phase of copper zinc tin sulfide nanocrystals
Authors: Zhu Yan , Qing Hongmei , Dong Wenbo , Dong Mingrong , Shen Tao , Cui Jian
Published: October 2022

Copper zinc tin sulfide (Cu2ZnSnS4, CZTS) often shows two phases in synthesis, i.e. kesterite and wurtzite structures. Our research shows that the phase of CZTS can be regulated by the chemical environment of Cu in a two-step heating process.
3D hierarchical Cu@Ag nanostructure as a current collector for dendrite-free lithium metal anode
Authors: Zhang Liyuan , Jin Qi , Zhao Kaixin , Zhang Xitian , Wu Lili
Published: October 2022

A 3D hierarchical Cu@Ag (denoted as 3D HCu@Ag) nanostructure is designed consisting of Ag-decorated Cu nanowires in situ grown on Cu foam as a current collector for pre-deposited Li as a stable lithium metal anode.
Cd2+-selective fluorescence response of TQEN (N,N,N′,N′-tetrakis(2-quinolylmethyl)ethylenediamine) derivatives bearing ether oxygen-binding sites
Authors: Mikata Yuji , Kaneda Minori , Yonemura Shizuka , Akedo Miyu , Konno Hideo , Matsuo Takashi
Published: October 2022

Introduction of a methoxymethyloxy (MOMO) group at one of the four quinoline rings of TQEN (N,N,N′,N′-tetrakis-(2-quinolylmethyl)ethylenediamine) affords Cd2+-selective fluorescence enhancement.
Robust route to efficient extraction of Cr from different Cr-containing hazardous wastes by capitalizing on a reduction–chlorination–volatility technique
Authors: Liu Xueming , He Jiaqing , Gao Feng , Zhou Jin , Mo Xiaofeng , Wu Zhen , Lin Jiawei , Wang Shi , Wang Mengye , Lin Zhang
Published: October 2022

We efficiently extract Cr from four different Cr-containing wastes through a phase transformation process caused by a reduction–chlorination–volatility route. In particular, almost 100% of Cr could be recovered from chromium ore processing residue.
Selective bacterial separation of critical metals: towards a sustainable method for recycling lithium ion batteries
Authors: Echavarri-Bravo Virginia , Amari Houari , Hartley Jennifer , Maddalena Giovanni , Kirk Caroline , Tuijtel Maarten W. , Browning Nigel D. , Horsfall Louise E.
Published: October 2022

Harnessing bacterial processes for the selective separation of strategic and critical metals contained in spent lithium-ion batteries (LIBs).
A combined experimental and molecular simulation study on stress generation phenomena during the Ziegler–Natta polyethylene catalyst fragmentation process
Authors: De Nicola Antonio , Touloupidis Vasileios , Kanellopoulos Vasileios , Albunia Alexandra R. , Milano Giuseppe
Published: October 2022

The morphology of particles obtained under different pre-polymerization conditions has been connected to the stress generation mechanism at the polymer/catalyst interface.
Unexpected ring closures leading to 2-N,N-dialkylaminoareno[1,3]tellurazoles
Authors: Pierre Johan , Hill Zachary M. , Fronczek Frank R. , Junk Thomas
Published: October 2022

One step, up to 78% isolated yield, six examples. Facile access to 2-N,N-dialkylbenzo[1,3]tellurazoles.
Resorcinarene-appended octa-substituted alkyl arms: a new strategy to fabricate supramolecular materials for application in liquid crystals and solar cells
Authors: Sharma Vinay S. , Rathod Suryajit L. , Suthar Deepak , Sharma Anuj S. , Ganga Venkata Subba Rao , Desai Vipul , Dhaka Mahendra S. , Shrivastav Pranav S.
Published: October 2022

Lower-rim functionalized resorcinarene-based supramolecular compounds with a columnar hexagonal phase are designed for high-temperature LCs for application as optical window and tranposrt layer in solar cells.
A comparative study on the interaction of gold nanoparticles with trypsin and pepsin: thermodynamic perspectives
Authors: Li Xiangrong , Ma Xiaoyi , Zhang Congxiao , Xu Ruonan
Published: October 2022

The study provides accurate and full basic data for clarifying the interaction mechanism of AuNPs with trypsin and pepsin.
The plastic crystal composite polyacrylate polymer electrolyte with a semi-interpenetrating network structure for all-solid-state LIBs
Authors: Zhang Shujian , Lu Yang , He Kewu , Que Lanfang , Zhao Lei , Wang Zhenbo
Published: October 2022

Polymer electrolyte semi-interpenetrating network structure of lithium ion battery.
A green low-temperature preparation of iron molybdate with durable electrochemical performances
Authors: Ge Rongkai , Han Xiaoyan , Liu Haowen
Published: October 2022

Herein, nano-Fe2(MoO4)3 (FMO) has been prepared by a green sol–gel route at a low temperature (350 °C), which is far below the conventional value (above 650 °C).
Construction of a carbon nanosphere aerogel with magnetic response for efficient oil/water separation
Authors: Cui Yan , Kang Weiwei , Hu Jifan
Published: October 2022

A magnetic carbon nanosphere aerogel with high adsorption capacity was synthesized, which could realize positioning adsorption and rapid recovery.
Highly efficient synthesis of diselenides and ditellurides catalyzed by polyoxomolybdate-based copper
Authors: Deng Yuanyuan , Zeng Xianghua , Xu Hao , Liu Jiawei , Zhang Junyong , Hu Dongcheng , Xie Jingli
Published: October 2022

A polyoxomolybdate-based copper-catalyzed synthesis of diselenides and ditellurides from organic iodides and elemental selenium or tellurium in moderate to excellent yields is developed.
Investigation of acyl transfer auxiliary-assisted glycoconjugation for glycoprotein semi-synthesis
Authors: Nyandoro Kudakwashe , Lamb Charles M. G. , Yu Haoran , Shi Jian , Macmillan Derek
Published: October 2022

We explore reactions between sugar-linked acyl transfer auxiliaries and peptide or protein thioesters, and find that various glycoprotein analogues are accessible.
Au@bovine serum albumin nanoparticle-based acid-resistant nanozyme quartz crystal microbalance sensing of urine glucose
Authors: Zhou Dengfeng , Song Wenyao , Zhang Shuangbin , Chen Lan , Ge Guanglu
Published: October 2022

Tandem nanozyme (Au@BSA NPs) QCM sensor fabricated by one-step deposition method can be used to detect non-enzymatic urine glucose based on precipitation-amplified signal.
A comprehensive review of methods to study lncRNA–protein interactions in solution
Authors: Badmalia Maulik D. , Sette Pereira Higor , Siddiqui M. Quadir , Patel Trushar R.
Published: October 2022

The long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) other than rRNA and tRNA were earlier assumed to be ‘junk genomic material’. However, recent advancements in genomics methods have highlighted their roles not only in housekeeping but also in the progression of diseases like cancer as well as viral infections. lncRNAs owing to their length, have both short-range and long-range interactions resulting in complex folded structures that recruit various biomolecules enabling lncRNAs to undertake their various biological functions. Using cell lysate pull-down assays increasing number of lnRNAs-interacting proteins are being identified. These interactions can be further exploited to develop targeted novel therapeutic strategies to inhibit lncRNA–protein interactions. This review attempts to succinctly techniques that can identify and characterize the lnRNAs–protein interactions (i.e. affinity, stoichiometry, and thermodynamics). Furthermore, using other sophisticated biophysical techniques, one can also perform size estimations, and determine low-resolution structures. Since these methods study the biomolecules in solution, large-scale structural observations can be performed in real-time. This review attempts to briefly introduce the readers to biochemical and biophysical techniques, such that they can utilize these methods to obtain a holistic characterization of the biomolecules of interest. Additionally, it should be noted that the use of these methods is not limited to the characterization of the interacting molecules but can also be used to determine the efficacy of the therapeutic molecules to disrupt these interactions.
Fundamentals of HDX-MS
Authors: Vinciauskaite Vanesa , Masson Glenn R.
Published: October 2022

Hydrogen deuterium exchange mass spectrometry (HDX-MS) is becoming part of the standard repertoire of techniques used by molecular biologists to investigate protein structure and dynamics. This is partly due to the increased use of automation in all stages of the technique and its versatility of application—many proteins that present challenges with techniques such as X-ray crystallography and cryoelectron microscopy are amenable to investigation with HDX-MS. The present review is aimed at scientists who are curious about the technique, and how it may aid their research. It describes the fundamental basis of solvent exchange, the basics of a standard HDX-MS experiment, as well as highlighting emerging novel experimental advances, which point to where the field is heading.
An Adolescent Confronted With Cluttering: The Story of Johan
Authors: van Zaalen Yvonne , Strangis Dario
Published: October 2022

Purpose:

This case study is presented to inform the reader of potential speech, language, cognitive, and emotional characteristics in preadolescent cluttering.

Method:

This case study describes a 10-year-old boy who started to clutter during preadolescence. The case illustrates that, in some adolescents, cluttering can co-occur with temporary stuttering-like behavior. In this case, signs of disturbances in speech-language production associated with behavioral impulsiveness as a young child were noted. Speech, language, cognitive, and emotional results of the case are reported in detail.

Results:

The changes in fluency development are reported and discussed within the context of changes in the adolescent brain as well as adolescent cognitive and emotional development. While being unaware of their speech condition before adolescence, during preadolescence, the changes in brain organization lead to an increase in rate and a decrease in speech control. Given that the client had limited understanding of what was occurring, they were at risk of developing negative communication attitudes. Speech-language therapists are strongly advised to monitor children with cluttering signals in the early years of their adolescence.

Supplemental Material:

https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.21318072
Planetary system around LTT 1445A unveiled by ESPRESSO: Multiple planets in a triple M-dwarf system
Authors: Lavie B. , Bouchy F. , Lovis C. , Zapatero Osorio M. , Deline A. , Barros S. , Figueira P. , Sozzetti A. , González Hernández J. I. , Lillo-Box J. , Rodrigues J. , Mehner A. , Damasso M. , Adibekyan V. , Alibert Y. , Allende Prieto C. , Cristiani S. , D’Odorico V. , Di Marcantonio P. , Ehrenreich D. , Génova Santos R. , Lo Curto G. , Martins C. J. A. P. , Micela G. , Molaro P. , Nunes N. , Palle E. , Pepe F. , Poretti E. , Rebolo R. , Santos N. , Sousa S. , Suárez Mascareño A. , Tabrenero H. , Udry S.
Published: October 2022

We present radial velocity follow-up obtained with ESPRESSO of the M-type star LTT 1445A (TOI-455), for which a transiting planet b with an orbital period of 5.4 days was detected by TESS. We report the discovery of a second transiting planet (LTT 1445A c) and a third non-transiting candidate planet (LTT 1445A d) with orbital periods of 3.12 and 24.30 days, respectively. The host star is the main component of a triple M-dwarf system at a distance of 6.9 pc. We used 84 ESPRESSO high-resolution spectra to determine accurate masses of 2.3 ± 0.3M⊕and 1.0 ± 0.2M⊕for planets b and c and a minimum mass of 2.7 ± 0.7M⊕for planet d. Based on its radius of 1.43 ± 0.09R⊕as derived from the TESS observations, LTT 1445A b has a lower density than the Earth and may therefore hold a sizeable atmosphere, which makes it a prime target for theJames WebbSpace Telescope (JWST). We used a Bayesian inference approach with the nested sampling algorithm and a set of models to test the robustness of the retrieved physical values of the system. There is a probability of 85% that the transit of planet c is grazing, which results in a retrieved radius with large uncertainties at 1.60−0.34+0.67R⊕. LTT 1445A d orbits the inner boundary of the habitable zone of its host star and could be a prime target for the JWST.
Revising the Hubble constant, spatial curvature and dark energy dynamics with the latest observations of quasars
Authors: Liu Tonghua , Cao Shuo , Li Xiaolei , Zheng Hao , Liu Yuting , Guo Wuzheng , Zheng Chenfa
Published: October 2022

In this paper we use a newly compiled sample of ultra-compact structure in radio quasars and strong gravitational lensing systems with quasars acting as background sources to constrain six spatially flat and non-flat cosmological models (ΛCDM, PEDE, and DGP). These two sets of quasar data (time-delay measurements of six strong lensing systems and 120 intermediate-luminosity quasars calibrated as standard rulers) could break the degeneracy between the cosmological parameters (H0, Ωm, and Ωk), and therefore provide more stringent cosmological constraints for the six cosmological models we study. A joint analysis of the quasar sample provides model-independent measurements of the Hubble constant H0, which are strongly consistent with that derived from the local distance ladder by the SH0ES collaboration in the ΛCDM and PEDE model. However, in the framework of the DGP cosmology (especially for a flat universe), the measured Hubble constant is in good agreement with that derived from the recent Planck 2018 results. In addition, our results show that zero spatial curvature is supported by the current lensed and unlensed quasar observations and that there is no significant deviation from a flat universe. For most of the cosmological models we study (flat ΛCDM, non-flat ΛCDM, flat PEDE, and non-flat PEDE), the derived matter density parameter is completely consistent with Ωm ∼ 0.30 in all the data sets, as expected based on the latest cosmological observations. Finally, according to the statistical deviance information criterion (DIC), the joint constraints provide substantial observational support to the flat PEDE model; however, they do not rule out dark energy being a cosmological constant and non-flat spatial hypersurfaces.
Assigning a different endoscopist for each annual follow-up may contribute to improved gastric cancer detection rates
Authors: Unno Shuhei , Igarashi Kimihiro , Saito Hiroaki , Hirasawa Dai , Okuzono Toru , Tanaka Yukari , Nakahori Masato , Matsuda Tomoki
Published: October 2022

Background and study aims Esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD) is an effective and important diagnostic tool to detect gastric cancer (GC). Although previous studies show that examiner, patient, and instrumental factors influence the detection of GC, we analyzed whether assigning a different examiner to surveillance EGD would improve the detection of GC compared to assigning the same examiner as in the previous endoscopy.

Patients and methods We retrospectively reviewed patients who underwent two or more consecutive surveillance EGDs at a single center between 2017 and 2019. We identified factors associated with GC detection using multivariable regression analysis and propensity-score matching.

Results Among 7794 patients, 99 GC lesions in 93 patients were detected by surveillance EGD (detection rate; 1.2 %), with a mean surveillance interval of 11.2 months. Among the detected 99 lesions, 87 (87.9 %) were curatively treated with endoscopy. There were no differences in the clinicopathologic characteristics of GC detected by the same or different endoscopists. GC detection in the group examined by different endoscopists was more statistically significant than in the group examined by the same endoscopist, even after propensity-score matching (1.6 % and 0.7 %; P < 0.05). Endoscopic experience and other factors were not statistically significant between the two groups.

Conclusions In surveillance EGD, having a different endoscopist for each exam may improve GC detection rates, regardless of the endoscopist’s experience.
Development, Synthesis, and in silico Investigations of Novel Acyclic Allyl Fluoride Derivatives
Authors: Saini Vaneet , Chauhan Nishita , Singh Harjinder , Singh Kamal Nain , McKenna Jeffrey M.
Published: October 2022

A one step electrophilic fluorination of alkenes is reported, which furnishes the products in a highly regioselective manner via allylic rearrangement. The reaction proceeds efficiently under mild conditions with the use of trisubstituted alkenes as olefin partner and Selectfluor as an electrophilic fluorinating agent without the need of any transition metal catalyst or pre-functionalized substrates. Virtual screening of the newly synthesized compounds shows their potential application as herbicides by inhibiting protoporphyrinogen oxidase (PPO) enzyme.
Exploration of Copper(II) Acetate Catalyzed Regioselective Ethoxylation of o-Haloanilides with Picolinamide as a Directing Group
Authors: Li Xiaoyi , Qin Dingmei , Mao Zewei , Li Yanping
Published: October 2022

An efficient Cu-catalyzed Ullmann-type C–O coupling of o-haloanilides was developed. This method permits regioselective 2-ethoxylation of N-(2-bromoaryl)- or N-(2-iodoaryl)picolinamides in ethanol with Cu(OAc)2 as a convenient catalyst and with picolinamide as a directing group and intramolecular ligand. The reaction is characterized by good regioselectivity, high yields, and the absence of the need for an additional ligand.
Halodiazirines as Valuable Reagents for the Synthesis of Halocyclo­propanes
Authors: Ollevier Thierry , To Hoang-Minh , Malets Oleksii , Mazur Maryna , Mykhailenko Olha , Kompaniiets Olena
Published: October 2022

Halodiazirines have emerged as very useful reagents in photochemically or thermally mediated cyclopropanation reactions with alkenes. This short review highlights the synthetic applications of these reagents as precursors of halocarbenes in transformations with various alkenes.

1 Introduction

2 Cyclopropanation of Aryl Halodiazirines

3 Tandem Reactions Using Aryl Halodiazirines

4 Cyclopropanation of Alkyl- and Benzyl-halodiazirines

5 Cyclopropanation of Other Halodiazirines

6 Reactions of Halodiazirines with Alkynes

7 Conclusion and Outlook
Synthesis of 5,6-Dihydro-4H-pyrrolo[1,2-b]pyrazoles and Homologs from 5-Substituted 2-(Alkynyl)tetrazoles via Microwave-Induced Intramolecular Nitrile-Imine–Alkyne 1,3-Dipolar Cycloaddition
Authors: Usami Yoshihide , Yoneyama Hiroki , Adachi Mano , Morita Aoshi , Nakagawa Maki , Baba Miho , Yamawaki Kanako , Hayama Noboru , Harusawa Shinya
Published: October 2022

Microwave irradiation of 2-alkynyl-5-(phenyl or alkyl)tetrazoles affords 2-(phenyl or alkyl)-5,6-dihydro-4H-pyrrolo[1,2-b]pyrazoles via intramolecular [3+2] cyclization of nitrile-imine intermediates. In the present method, the use of 5-alkyltetrazoles as the starting materials is more advantageous because of the difficulties associated with conventional photoreactions. From 2-phenylalkynyl-5-methylthio-1H-tetrazoles, the reaction efficiently produces 2-methylthio-3-phenyl-5,6-dihydro-4H-pyrrolo[1,2-b]pyrazoles. The procedure using the methylthio group is applied to the total synthesis of three naturally occurring withasomnines. The method is also extended to the construction of molecules in which bicyclic pyrazoles are fused to six- to eight-membered rings.
Recent Advancements in Bottromycin Biosynthesis
Authors: Mahanta Nilkamal , PH Krushnamurthy , KS Subramanya , Das Simita , G. Dhananjaya
Published: October 2022

Bottromycin is a structurally complex cyclic peptidic compound isolated from Streptomyces bottropensis and related organisms and belongs to the RiPP family of natural products (ribosomally synthesized and post-translationally modified peptides). It exhibits potent antibacterial properties against gram-positive pathogens (including drug resistant strains such as MRSA, MIC 1 μg/mL and VRE, MIC 0.5 μg/mL) and mycoplasma. Bottromycin blocks the binding of the aminoacyl-tRNA to the A-site on the 50S ribosome and hence inhibits protein synthesis. Bottromycins contain structurally diverse post-translational modifications (PTMs) on a small peptide (GPVVVFDC) including a unique macrocyclic amidine, rare β-methylation, terminal thiazole heterocycle, oxidative decarboxylation, and Asp epimerization, among others. It exhibits a precursor peptide organization with a C-terminal follower peptide and a N-terminal core peptide. There are several new studies reported recently which gave detailed insights into the bottromycin biosynthesis pathway. This Account highlights the current advancements in understanding the biosynthetic pathway of bottromycin focusing mainly on the biochemically and structurally characterized enzymes and intricate details of the peptide–protein biophysical interactions. These studies have provided a strong foundation for conducting combinatorial biosynthesis and synthetic biological studies to create novel bottromycin variants for therapeutic applications.

1 Introduction

2 Biosynthetic Pathway for Bottromycin

3 Enzymology of Bottromycin Biosynthesis

3.1 Cleavage of Methionine (BotP)

3.2 Radical SAM Methyltransferases (BotRMT1, BotRMT2, BotRMT3)

3.3 ATP-Dependent YcaO Enzymes

3.3.1 Thiazoline Formation by BotC

3.3.2 Macrolactamidine Formation by BotCD

3.4 Follower Peptide Hydrolysis (BotAH)

3.5 Aspartate Epimerization (BotH)

3.6 Oxidative Decarboxylation (BotCYP)

3.7 O-Methyltransferase (BotOMT)

4 Heterologous Bottromycin Production and Analogue Preparation

5 Summary and Outlook
Stereoselective Synthesis of (Z)-1,2-Bis(arylsulfanyl)ethenes with Calcium Carbide as a Solid Alkyne Source
Authors: Li Zheng , Wang Qian , Wang Zhiqiang
Published: October 2022

A concise stereoselective synthesis of (Z)-1,2-bis(arylsulfanyl)ethenes by the reaction of arylsulfonyl chlorides with calcium carbide in the presence of cuprous iodide as a catalyst is described. The salient features of this protocol are its use of an inexpensive and easily handled solid alkyne source as a surrogate for flammable and explosive gaseous acetylene, its commercially available starting materials, its high stereoselectivity, and its simple workup procedures. The stereochemical structure of a selected product was determined by single-crystal X-ray diffraction. This method can be extended to a gram scale.
Hospital service for ischemic stroke patients in Brazilian countryside: are we still in the ‘80s?
Authors: Junior Antonio Fernando Ribeiro Silva , Santos Gabriel Calasans dos , Kaneto Carla Martins , Jesus Pedro Antonio Pereira de , Melo Paulo Roberto Santana de
Published: October 2022

Background Stroke is one of the most common causes of death and incapacity in the world. The benefits of reperfusion therapies and hospitalization in neurologic intensive care units (ICUs) are undeniable. However, these treatments are not widely available in a continental-sized country like Brazil.

Objective To describe the treatment for ischemic stroke and the functional outcome 90 days after the hospitalization of patients in the Brazilian countryside.

Methods Observational, prospective case series study design. The data collected refer to randomly selected patients hospitalized in 3 hospitals in the south region of the state of Bahia between December 2018 and December 2019.

Results The population consisted of 61 consecutive patients. They were elderly (median age: 62 years old); with a predominance of hypertension (82%); and were light to moderate stroke cases (National Institute of Health Stroke Scale [NIHSS] median: 7). A total of 37.7% of the cases arrived at the hospital in a < 4.5-hour window but received no reperfusion therapy. Of these, 94.3% were discharged from the hospital with a prescription for antiplatelets or anticoagulant. A total of 64.1% of the patients received a statin prescription. At the end of the follow-up period, the general mortality was 21%. Almost half of the population (47.9%) evolved to an unfavored outcome (modified Rankin scale [mRs]: 3 to 6).

Conclusion Our population presented sociodemographic and comorbidities characteristics similar to those of other national samples. No reperfusion therapy was used and the treatment was basically secondary and prophylaxis-oriented, and almost half of the population evolved with incapacities and a high mortality rate, despite the initial low clinical gravity.
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease and Small Airways Diseases
Authors: Elicker Brett M.
Published: October 2022

The small airways are a common target of injury within the lungs and may be affected by a wide variety of inhaled, systemic, and other disorders. Imaging is critical in the detection and diagnosis of small airways disease since significant injury may occur prior to pulmonary function tests showing abnormalities. The goal of this article is to describe the typical imaging findings and patterns of small airways diseases. An approach which divides the imaging appearances into four categories (tree-in-bud opacities, poorly defined centrilobular nodules, mosaic attenuation, and emphysema) will provide a framework in which to formulate appropriate and focused differential diagnoses.
Praxisnahe Lösungen: Bundesfachtagung 40 Jahre femak – Wir packen’s an!
Authors: Merkel Martin
Published: October 2022

Vom 19. bis 20. September 2022 fand die diesjährige Bundesfachtagung traditionell in Rotenburg a.d. Fulda statt. Nach einer sehr langen coronabedingten Pause wurde im Vorfeld einiges in Vorbereitung und Durchführung des Kongresses investiert.
Fabrication of thermally stable mid-infrared optical filters using tantalum microdisc array
Authors: Lee Hwa-Seub , Cha Jung-Suk , Jin Jun-Young , Ko Young-Jin , Seong Tae-Yeon
Published: October 2022

To fabricate a thermally stable optical filter in the mid-infrared (MIR) region, a plasmonic metal disk array (PMDA) using tantalum (Ta) was proposed, and the filter performance was compared with that of conventional silver (Ag)-based PMDAs. A finite-difference time-domain method was utilized to systematically analyze the effects of geometric configuration and constituent materials on the optical properties of PMDA filters with a periodic hexagonal lattice. Unlike the Ag PMDA filters, whose transmission dip at resonance wavelengths gradually decreased with increasing temperature, the Ta PMDA filters revealed almost the same transmission spectra even after annealing at 700 °C for 30 min. The Ta-based MIR PMDA filter exhibited similar optical properties to those of the Ag PMDA. The PMDAs with a duty cycle (d.c.) of 60% exhibited stop band spectra with sufficiently deep dip and wide linewidth. MIR filters fabricated with the Ta disks were demonstrated to quantify different types of alcohols through the monitoring of transmission spectra.
Unified modeling and experimental realization of electrical and thermal percolation in polymer composites
Authors: Sarikhani Navid , Arabshahi Zohreh S. , Saberi Abbas Ali , Moshfegh Alireza Z.
Published: October 2022

Correlations between electrical and thermal conduction in polymer composites are blurred due to the complex contribution of charge and heat carriers at the nanoscale junctions of filler particles. Conflicting reports on the lack or existence of thermal percolation in polymer composites have made it the subject of great controversy for decades. Here, we develop a generalized percolation framework that describes both electrical and thermal conductivity within a remarkably wide range of filler-to-matrix conductivity ratios (Yf/Ym), covering 20 orders of magnitude. Our unified theory provides a genuine classification of electrical conductivity with typical Yf/Ym≥1010 as insulator–conductor percolation with the standard power-law behavior and of thermal conductivity with 102≤Yf/Ym≤104 as poor–good conductor percolation characterized by two universal critical exponents. Experimental verification of the universal and unified features of our theoretical framework is conducted by constructing a 3D segregated and well-extended network of multiwalled carbon nanotubes in polypropylene as a model polymer matrix under a carefully designed fabrication method. We study the evolution of the electrical and thermal conductivity in our fabricated composites at different loading levels up to 5 vol. %. Significantly, we find an ultralow electrical percolation threshold at 0.02 vol. % and a record-low thermal percolation threshold at 1.5 vol. %. We also apply our theoretical model to a number of 23 independent experimental and numerical datasets reported in the literature, including more than 350 data points, for systems with different microscopic details, and show that all collapse onto our proposed universal scaling function, which depends only on dimensionality.
A radiometer to diagnose parametric instabilities during linear excitation of electron Bernstein waves in the Mega Amp Spherical Tokamak (MAST) Upgrade
Authors: Senstius Mads G. , Freethy Simon J. , Allen Joe , Nielsen Stefan K.
Published: October 2022

Highly overdense magnetically confined fusion plasmas, such as the Mega Amp Spherical Tokamak (MAST) Upgrade, cannot easily be heated using conventional electron cyclotron resonance heating because high density cutoffs block microwave access to the plasma core. Instead, electromagnetic waves can be coupled to electron Bernstein waves (EBWs) through the O-X-B mode coupling scheme, and the EBWs can then be absorbed at higher densities. The excitation of EBWs occurs at the upper hybrid (UH) layer where nonlinear wave interactions, called parametric decay instabilities (PDIs), are known to occur at reduced power thresholds. We present a design for a radiometer to detect PDIs during O-X-B in MAST Upgrade. The radiometer will aid in determining at what power levels PDIs become important as well as inferring various parameters about both electrons and ions near the UH layer. We estimate a gyrotron power density threshold for PDI and expected frequency shifts to be produced in them. The design allows for shifts from several decays involving lower hybrid (LH) waves to be observed.
Measurements of surface charge dynamics and surface-breakdown characteristics of surface dielectric barrier discharges
Authors: Li Ting , Yan Hui-Jie , Yu Si-Qi , Wang Yu-Ying , Li Jia-Qi , Song Jian , Zhang Quan-Zhi
Published: October 2022

The surface charge distribution in a surface dielectric barrier discharge driven by repetitive pulse bias superimposed on AC voltage is measured using the Pockels effect of an electro-optic crystal. The impact of surface charge on surface-breakdown characteristics is investigated by varying the phase of the pulse superimposition. It is demonstrated that the surface charge accumulation varies at different superimposition phases depending on the potential difference between the two electrodes. The accumulated positive/negative surface charge will facilitate the following surface discharge when the AC voltage polarity changes. In addition, different spatiotemporal characteristics of the surface charge distribution are presented when changing the polarity of superimposed pulses. Positive surface discharges are usually easier to develop than negative surface discharges due to their lower breakdown voltage caused by the accumulation of negative surface charges near the edges of exposed electrodes. The decay of positive surface charge is dominated by neutralization of negative surface charge and negatively charged particles (free electrons and negative ions) from the volume above the dielectric. There are two decay modes of positive surface charge: exponential decay and linear decay.