bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Pain interferes with daily activities, emotions and sleep in adults with severe, moderate and mild haemophilia: A national cross‐sectional survey
Authors: Chantrain Valérie‐Anne , Lambert Catherine , De Smet Patrick , Lobet Sébastien , Foubert Anthe , Meeus Mira , Hermans Cedric , Roussel Nathalie Anne
Published: January 2023

Introduction

Pain is a major issue in people with haemophilia (PwH). Few studies comprehensively assessed pain in PwH using a biopsychosocial framework and studies in mild PwH are lacking.

Aim

To assess pain prevalence, pain interference and their relationship with health‐related quality of life (HR‐QoL) in male adults with haemophilia.

Methods

A survey was initiated by the Belgian national member organisation. Pain in the last 24 h, pain severity (BPI‐PS) and pain interference (BPI‐PI) scores were obtained with the Brief Pain Inventory short‐form (BPI). HR‐QoL was evaluated with the EQ‐5D‐3L, giving the health utility index (EQ‐HUI). Associations between EQ‐HUI, BPI‐PS and BPI‐PI were analysed using Pearson's correlation test. A multiple regression analysed the relationship between HR‐QoL and BPI‐PS, with age and haemophilia severity as confounding factors.

Results

Within 185 respondents (97, 31 and 57 respectively severe, moderate and mild PwH), 67% (118/177) reported pain. In severe, moderate and mild PwH, respectively 86% (79/92), 71% (22/31) and 32% (17/54) reported pain. Median [IQR] BPI‐PS, BPI‐PI and EQ‐HUI scores were respectively 1.5 [.0; 4.0], 1.6 [.0; 3.6] and .81 [.69; 1.00]. PwH reported pain interference with general activity (56% (99/176)), psychosocial factors such as mood (53% (93/175)), and sleep (51% (90/177)). Moderate correlations were found between EQ‐HUI, BPI‐PS and BPI‐PI. After adjusting for age and haemophilia severity, BPI‐PS explained 14% of HR‐QoL variance.

Conclusions

Pain is a major issue amongst PwH, including people with mild haemophilia. Pain interferes with activities, emotions, sleep and HR‐QoL, arguing for a comprehensive biopsychosocial approach of pain.
Safety of hydrogel spacers for rectal wall protection in patients with prostate cancer: A retrospective analysis of 200 consecutive cases
Authors: Yamaguchi Hisashi , Kato Takahiro , Ishikawa Yojiro , Takemasa Kimihiro , Narita Yuki , Takagawa Yoshiaki , Seto Ichiro , Machida Masanori , Dai Yuntao , Azami Yusuke , Tominaga Takuya , Takayama Kanako , Suzuki Motohisa , Kikuchi Yasuhiro , Murakami Masao
Published: January 2023

Objective

To evaluate the safety and complications of hydrogel spacer implantation.

Methods

This single‐center historical cohort study retrospectively analyzed cases of hydrogel spacer implantation between October 2018 and March 2022. The survey items were the rates of possible hydrogel injection implementation, the success rate of hydrogel implantation including asymmetry, higher position, rectal wall infiltration, subcapsular injection, and other adverse events, and width created by the spacer. To investigate the learning curve, 1, 2, and 3 points were assigned to adverse event grades G1, G2, and G3, respectively. Spacer effectiveness obstruction, such as asymmetry was assigned 3 points. A Mann–Whitney U test was performed to assess statistically significant differences.

Results

The study included a total of 200 patients with a median (range) age of 70 (44–85) years. In 10 (5%) patients, hydrogel injection implementation was not possible. Of 190 patients who underwent hydrogel spacer placement, 168 (88%) received a satisfactory placement. The median (range) width of hydrogel spacers was 13.1 (4.4–18.7) mm. Spacer asymmetry, higher position, rectal wall infiltration, and prostate subcapsular infiltration occurred in 7 (3.7%), 5 (2.6%), 12 (6.3%), and 1 (0.5%) patients, respectively. G1 and G3 adverse events occurred in 13 (7%) and 4 (2%) patients, respectively. Practitioner #1 who performed the highest number of procedures had significantly (p = 0.04) lower total scores in group B.

Conclusion

Spacer implantation yielded favorable outcomes with a high percentage of appropriate spacer implantation, and few major complications.
Results from the second WHO external quality assessment for the molecular detection of respiratory syncytial virus, 2019–2020
Authors: Williams Thomas , Jackson Sandra , Barr Ian , Bi Shabana , Bhiman Jinal , Ellis Joanna , von Gottberg Anne , Lindstrom Stephen , Peret Teresa , Rughooputh Sanjiv , Viegas Mariana , Hirve Siddhivinayak , Zambon Maria , Zhang Wenqing ,   WHO RSV Surveillance Group
Published: January 2023

Background

External quality assessments (EQAs) for the molecular detection of human respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) are necessary to ensure the standardisation of reliable results. The Phase II, 2019–2020 World Health Organization (WHO) RSV EQA included 28 laboratories in 26 countries. The EQA panel evaluated performance in the molecular detection and subtyping of RSV‐A and RSV‐B. This manuscript describes the preparation, distribution, and analysis of the 2019–2020 WHO RSV EQA.

Methods

Panel isolates underwent whole genome sequencing and in silico primer matching. The final panel included nine contemporary, one historical virus and two negative controls. The EQA panel was manufactured and distributed by the UK National External Quality Assessment Service (UK NEQAS). National laboratories used WHO reference assays developed by the United States Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, an RSV subtyping assay developed by the Victorian Infectious Diseases Reference Laboratory (Australia), or other in‐house or commercial assays already in use at their laboratories.

Results

An in silico analysis of isolates showed a good match to assay primer/probes. The panel was distributed to 28 laboratories. Isolates were correctly identified in 98% of samples for detection and 99.6% for subtyping.

Conclusions

The WHO RSV EQA 2019–2020 showed that laboratories performed at high standards. Updating the composition of RSV molecular EQAs with contemporary strains to ensure representation of circulating strains, and ensuring primer matching with EQA panel viruses, is advantageous in assessing diagnostic competencies of laboratories. Ongoing EQAs are recommended because of continued evolution of mismatches between current circulating strains and existing primer sets.
Investigating the transmission of baloxavir‐resistant influenza viruses from treated index patients to untreated household contacts in the BLOCKSTONE study
Authors: Harding Joanne , Bernasconi Corrado , Williams Sarah , Wildum Steffen , Kinoshita Masahiro , Uehara Takeki , Hurt Aeron C.
Published: January 2023

In a post‐hoc analysis of the phase 3 BLOCKSTONE study (JapicCTI‐184180), we investigated household transmission of baloxavir‐resistant (PA/I38X) influenza viruses. Using baloxavir resistance rates from prior clinical trials and the rate of influenza transmission observed in the study, the predicted number of PA/I38X transmission events was 4.8, assuming wild type and PA/I38X viruses were equally transmissible. However, no PA/I38X viruses were observed. These results suggest a low potential for baloxavir‐resistant influenza virus transmission from treated to untreated individuals, potentially due to reduced viral/transmission fitness for PA/I38X viruses and/or low viral titres at the time when resistant viruses arise.
Enforcing pragmatic future‐mindedness cures the innovator's bias
Authors: Reece Andrew , Eubanks Austin D. , Liebscher Alex , Baumeister Roy F.
Published: January 2023

The innovator's bias is defined as the tendency for innovators to focus mainly on the positive potential impact of their inventions and to neglect, ignore, or downplay any potential negative impact. Such bias may help sustain the motivation needed for business success but may create problems by failing to acknowledge and prepare for problematic outcomes. We report three studies (total n = 1608) designed to demonstrate this bias—and to show how to overcome it (while ideally preserving the innovators' enthusiastic affection for their product). Three studies used hypothetical innovations, all with potential downsides. Feelings of ownership were manipulated by having some participants role‐play being marketing manager, including naming the product, devising advertising slogans, and identifying target demographics for potential purchasers. Owners then rated their product, while nonowner controls rated a different product. Study 1 (n = 495) demonstrated the innovator's bias by showing that owners rated the likely consequences of their product more favorably than nonowners did. Owners also displayed more enthusiastic zeal for their product. Study 2 (n = 553) tested interventions aimed at reducing the bias while preserving the zeal. Of six interventions, the most successful was having owners imagine the worst‐case scenario involving the most negative outcome that the invention could cause. Study 3 (n = 560) was a preregistered replication of the main findings from Study 2 (osf.io/ew9cq).
Effects of fact‐checking warning labels and social endorsement cues on climate change fake news credibility and engagement on social media
Authors: Koch Timo K. , Frischlich Lena , Lermer Eva
Published: January 2023

Online fake news can have noxious consequences. Social media platforms are experimenting with different interventions to curb fake news' spread, often employing them simultaneously. However, research investigating the interaction of these interventions is limited. Here, we use the heuristic‐systematic model of information processing (HSM) as a theoretical framework to jointly test two interventions against fake news that are implemented at scale by social media platforms: (1) adding warning labels from fact checkers to initiate systematic processing and (2) removing social endorsement cues (e.g., engagement counts) to reduce the influence of this heuristic cue. Moreover, we accounted for dispositions previously found to affect a person's response to fake news through motivated reasoning or cognitive style. An online experiment in Germany (N = 571) confirmed that warning labels reduced the perceived credibility of a fake news post exaggerating the consequences of climate change. Warning labels also lowered the (self‐reported) likelihood to amplify fake news. Removing social endorsement cues did not have an effect. In line with research on motivated reasoning, left‐leaning individuals perceived the climate fake news to be more credible and reported a higher likelihood to amplify it. Supporting research on cognitive style, participants with lower educational levels and a less analytic thinking style also reported a higher likelihood of amplification. Elaboration likelihood was associated only with age, involvement, and political leaning, but not affected by warning labels. Our findings contribute to the mounting evidence for the effectiveness of warning labels while questioning their relevance for systematic processing.
Development and evaluation of machine learning models and nomogram for the prediction of severe acute pancreatitis
Authors: Luo Zhu , Shi Jialin , Fang Yangyang , Pei Shunjie , Lu Yutian , Zhang Ruxia , Ye Xin , Wang Wenxing , Li Mengtian , Li Xiangjun , Zhang Mengyue , Xiang Guangxin , Pan Zhifang , Zheng Xiaoqun
Published: January 2023

Background and Aim

Severe acute pancreatitis (SAP) in patients progresses rapidly and can cause multiple organ failures associated with high mortality. We aimed to train a machine learning (ML) model and establish a nomogram that could identify SAP, early in the course of acute pancreatitis (AP).

Methods

In this retrospective study, 631 patients with AP were enrolled in the training cohort. For predicting SAP early, five supervised ML models were employed, such as random forest (RF), K‐nearest neighbors (KNN), and naive Bayes (NB), which were evaluated by accuracy (ACC) and the areas under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC). The nomogram was established, and the predictive ability was assessed by the calibration curve and AUC. They were externally validated by an independent cohort of 109 patients with AP.

Results

In the training cohort, the AUC of RF, KNN, and NB models were 0.969, 0.954, and 0.951, respectively, while the AUC of the Bedside Index for Severity in Acute Pancreatitis (BISAP), Ranson and Glasgow scores were only 0.796, 0.847, and 0.837, respectively. In the validation cohort, the RF model also showed the highest AUC, which was 0.961. The AUC for the nomogram was 0.888 and 0.955 in the training and validation cohort, respectively.

Conclusions

Our findings suggested that the RF model exhibited the best predictive performance, and the nomogram provided a visual scoring model for clinical practice. Our models may serve as practical tools for facilitating personalized treatment options and improving clinical outcomes through pre‐treatment stratification of patients with AP.
Association Between Utilization of Digital Prenatal Services and Vaginal Birth After Cesarean
Authors: Peahl Alex , Ojo Ayotomiwa , Henrich Natalie , Shah Neel , Jahnke Hannah
Published: January 2023

Introduction

Digital health services are a promising but understudied method for reducing common barriers to vaginal birth after cesarean (VBAC), including connection to facilities offering labor after cesarean and patient‐centered counseling about mode of birth. This study assesses the relationship between use of digital prenatal services and VBAC.

Methods

In this retrospective cohort study, we analyzed the use of digital prenatal services and mode of birth among users of an employer‐sponsored digital women's and family digital health platform. All users had a prior cesarean birth. Users’ self‐reported data included demographics, medical history, and birth preferences. We used basic descriptive statistics and logistic regression models to assess the association between digital services utilization and VBAC, adjusting for key patient characteristics.

Results

Of 271 included users, 44 (16.2%) had a VBAC and 227 (83.8%) had a cesarean birth. Users of both groups were similar in age, race, and ethnicity. Fewer users in the VBAC group (5/44, 11.4%) as compared with the cesarean birth group (62/227, 27.3%) had a prepregnancy body mass index greater than or equal to 30 (P = 0.02). Likewise, more users in the VBAC group preferred vaginal birth (34/44, 77.3% vs 55/227, 24.2%; P < 0.01). In adjusted models, the services associated with VBAC were care advocate appointments (adjusted odds ratio [aOR], 7.67; 95% CI, 1.99‐54.4), health care provider appointments (aOR, 1.12; 95% CI, 1.02‐1.25), and resource reads (aOR, 1.05, 95% CI, 1.00‐1.09). VBAC rates were higher for users who reported the digital health platform influenced aspects of their pregnancy and birth.

Discussion

Reducing cesarean birth rates is a national priority. Digital health services, particularly care coordination and education, are promising for accomplishing this goal through increasing rates of trial of labor after cesarean and subsequent VBAC rates.
Factors contributing to patient safety during triage process in the emergency department: A systematic review
Authors: Fekonja Zvonka , Kmetec Sergej , Fekonja Urška , Mlinar Reljić Nataša , Pajnkihar Majda , Strnad Matej
Published: January 2023

Background

Triage is a dynamic environment in which large numbers of people can present. It presents a vulnerable assessment point, as a triage nurse must assess a patient's urgency level and analyse their health status and expected resource needs. Given the critical nature of triage, it is necessary to understand the factors contributing to patient safety.

Objectives

To identify and examine the factors contributing to patient safety during the triage process.

Methods

A systematic review of the literature was undertaken, and a thematic analysis of the factors contributing to patient safety during the triage process. PubMed, CINAHL, Web of Sciences, Science Direct, SAGE, EMBASE and reference lists of relevant studies published in English until March 2022 were searched for relevant studies. The search protocol has been registered at the PROSPERO (CRD42019146616), and the review was conducted using the PRISMA criteria.

Results

Out of 5366 records, we included 11 papers for thematic synthesis. Identified factors contributing to patient safety in triage are related to the emergency's work environment, such as patient assessment, high workload, frequent interruptions and staffing, and personal factors such as nurse traits, experience, knowledge, triage fatigue and work schedule.

Conclusions

This review shows that patient safety is influenced by the attitude, capabilities and experiences of triage nurses, the time when nurses can dedicate themselves to the patient and triage the patient without disruption. It is necessary to raise awareness among nursing administrators and healthcare professionals to provide a safe triage environment for patients.

Relevance to Clinical Practice

This review highlights the evidence on the factors contributing to patient safety in the triage process. Further research is needed for this cohort of triage nurses in the emergency department concerning ensuring patient safety.

Patient or Public Contribution

No patient or public contribution was required to design or undertake this review.
Development of a classification model and an immune‐related network based on ferroptosis in periodontitis
Authors: Xu Zhihong , Tan Ruolan , Li Xiaodong , Pan Lanlan , Ji Ping , Tang Han
Published: January 2023

Background and Objectives

Periodontitis is an immunoinflammatory disease characterized by irreversible periodontal attachment loss and bone destruction. Ferroptosis is a kind of immunogenic cell death that depends on the participation of iron ions and is involved in various inflammatory and immune processes. However, information regarding the relationship between ferroptosis and immunomodulation processes in periodontitis is extremely limited. The purpose of this study was to investigate the correlation between ferroptosis and immune responses in periodontitis.

Methods

Gene expression profiles of gingivae were collected from the Gene Expression Omnibus data portal. After detecting differentially expressed ferroptosis‐related genes (FRGs), we used univariate logistic regression analysis followed by logistic least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) regression to establish a ferroptosis‐related classification model in an attempt to accurately distinguish periodontitis gingival tissues from healthy samples. The infiltration level of immunocytes in periodontitis was then assessed through single‐sample gene‐set enrichment analysis. Subsequently, we screened out immune‐related genes by weighted correlation network analysis and protein–protein interaction (PPI) analysis and constructed an immune‐related network based on FRGs and immune‐related genes.

Results

A total of 24 differentially expressed FRGs were detected, and an 8‐FRG combined signature constituted the classification model. The established model showed outstanding discriminating ability according to the results of receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis. In addition, the periodontitis samples had a higher degree of immunocyte infiltration. Activated B cells had the strongest positive correlation while macrophages had a strong negative correlation with certain FRGs, and we found that XBP1, ALOX5 and their interacting genes might be crucial genes in the immune‐related network.

Conclusions

The FRG‐based classification model had a satisfactory determination ability, which could bring new insights into the pathogenesis of periodontitis. Those genes in the immune‐related network, especially hub genes along with XBP1 and ALOX5, would have the potential to serve as promising targets of immunomodulatory treatments for periodontitis.
The clinical significance of Aspergillus‐positive respiratory samples
Authors: Katriina Pihlajamaa , Veli‐Jukka Anttila , Ulla Hodgson
Published: January 2023

Background

Aspergilli moulds are frequently detected in sputum and other respiratory samples. It is not known what the significance of these findings is, or how to differentiate contamination, temporary or persistent colonisation from clinical infection when Aspergilli are found in respiratory samples.

Objectives

In this study we studied the clinical significance of Aspergillus findings from respiratory samples.

Methods

We retrospectively evaluated 299 patients who had provided Aspergillus‐positive respiratory samples in 2007–2016, which provided a follow‐up time of 3–13 years. Data were collected from laboratory registry and Helsinki University Hospital medical records. Underlying diseases, immunosuppression, reasons for sample collection, clinical significance of positive Aspergillus culture, antifungal medication, and patient survival were assessed.

Results

Underlying pulmonary disease had 88% of patients, most commonly asthma (44%), bronchiectasis (30%) or COPD (21%). Corticosteroids (orally or inhalation therapy) prior to positive samples used 78%; the use of corticosteroids did not explain the development of Aspergillus disease. Pulmonary disease caused by Aspergillus was identified in 88 (29%) of the reviewed patients; remaining samples did not represent clinical disease. Chronic cavitary or fibrosing pulmonary aspergillosis (CCPA or CFPA) had 44 (49%) of the diseased. The probability of Aspergillus disease increased when Aspergillus‐positive samples were given repeatedly within 1 year (p = .001). Mortality for all reasons was 45%. The repeated positive samples did not predict survival (p = .084), but the diagnosis of CPA did (p < .001).

Conclusions

The possibility of Aspergillus disease increases when Aspergilli are found repeatedly, collection of samples should be repeated due to method insensitivity. Diagnosis of CPA predicted significantly lower survival.
Arabidopsis NPF2.13 functions as a critical transporter of bacterial natural compound tunicamycin in plant–microbe interaction
Authors: Liu Chuanfa , Hao Dongdong , Sun Ruixue , Zhang Yi , Peng Yang , Yuan Yang , Jiang Kai , Li Wenyang , Wen Xing , Guo Hongwei
Published: January 2023

Metabolites including antibiotics, enzymes, and volatiles produced by plant‐associated bacteria are key factors in plant–microbiota interaction that regulates various plant biological processes. There should be crucial mediators responsible for their entry into host plants. However, less is known about the identities of these plant transporters.

We report that the Arabidopsis Nitrate Transporter1 (NRT1)/NPF protein NPF2.13 functions in plant uptake of tunicamycin (TM), a natural antibiotic produced by several Streptomyces spp., which inhibits protein N‐glycosylation. Loss of NPF2.13 function resulted in enhanced TM tolerance, whereas NPF2.13 overexpression led to TM hypersensitivity. Transport assays confirmed that NPF2.13 is a H+/TM symporter and the transport is not affected by other substrates like nitrate. NPF2.13 exclusively showed TM transport activity among tested NPFs.

Tunicamycin uptake from TM‐producing Streptomyces upregulated the expression of nitrate‐related genes including NPF2.13. Moreover, nitrate allocation to younger leaves was promoted by TM in host plants. Tunicamycin could also benefit plant defense against the pathogen. Notably, the TM effects were significantly repressed in npf2.13 mutant.

Overall, this study identifies NPF2.13 protein as an important TM transporter in plant–microbe interaction and provides insights into multiple facets of NPF proteins in modulating plant nutrition and defense by transporting exterior bacterial metabolites.
Orofacial traits related to oral health‐related quality of life in Brazilian acromegaly patients
Authors: Campelo Renata C. , da Silva Maria L. M. , Nascimento Gilvan C. , Azulay Rossana S. S. , Rocha Viviane C. C. , Damianse Sabrina S. P. , Magalhães Marcelo , Faria Manuel dos S. , Rodrigues Vandilson P.
Published: January 2023

Objective

To investigate orofacial traits and general factors related to oral health‐related quality of life in acromegaly patients.

Materials and Methods

A cross‐sectional study with 34 acromegaly patients was conducted. The OHIP‐14 questionnaire was used to assess oral health‐related quality of life scores. To assess orofacial and occlusion morphology, an oral evaluation was performed. Correlation measures, multiple linear regression and a structural equation model (SEM) were used in the statistical analysis.

Results

The presence of arthrosis (SC = 0.467, SE = 0.155, p = 0.003) and smoking history (SC = 0.459, SE = 0.206, p = 0.026) were associated with a negative impact on oral health‐related quality of life. Mandibular protrusion was related to physical pain (β = 2.74, p = 0.029). Anterior open bite (β = 4.44, p = 0.004) and anterior crossbite (β = 2.61, p = 0.026) were related to psychological disability. Diastema was related to social disability (β = 3.42, p = 0.037) and handicap (β = 2.74, p = 0.044).

Conclusion

The findings suggest that smoking, arthrosis and orofacial alterations (mandibular protrusion, open bite, crossbite and diastema) have a negative impact on oral health‐related quality of life in acromegaly patients.
Immunoglobulin A vasculitis presenting as bilateral upper eyelid erythema: A case report and review of literature
Authors: Jung Emily H. , Avila Sarah A. , Nastasi Samantha , Kim H. Joon
Published: January 2023

Immunoglobulin A vasculitis (IgAV) is the most common vasculitis of childhood characterized by petechial or purpuric rash, abdominal pain, arthralgia, and renal involvement. Ophthalmic manifestations of IgAV are uncommon. Herein, we describe a case of bilateral upper eyelid erythema presenting in a 6‐year‐old male, leading to a diagnosis of IgAV.
All‐around trade liberalization and firm‐level employment: Theory and evidence from China
Authors: Rodriguez‐Lopez Antonio , Yu Miaojie
Published: January 2023

Chinese firms faced an all‐around trade liberalization process during the early 2000s: lower barriers from other countries on Chinese goods, and lower Chinese barriers on other countries' goods and inputs. This paper disentangles the effects of each type of trade liberalization on Chinese firm‐level employment. We find that reductions in Chinese and foreign final‐good tariffs are associated with job destruction in low and mid‐low productivity firms and job creation in high‐productivity firms. Chinese final‐good trade liberalization produces the largest firm‐level employment responses, whereas the employment effects of Chinese input‐trade liberalization are limited to job destruction in the least productive firms.
The Enduring Price of Place: Revisiting the Rural Cost of Living☆
Authors: Zimmerman Julie N. , Rignall Karen , McAlister Cameron
Published: January 2023

Even as the 2016 elections brought increased public attention to rural life, stereotypes and misconceptions abound. One of these misperceptions is the generalization that prices are lower in rural areas. This article is a restudy of Zimmerman, Ham, and Frank (2008) research on geographic differences in the costs of living. Asking the same fundamental question—if someone bought the same thing in a rural and urban area, would they pay the same price?—and using the same methodology, the results 10 years later indicate that, contrary to popular perception, there was again no consistent pattern of lower prices in rural counties and no consistent pattern of a lower rural cost of living in all of the rural areas. While prices are only one piece of the larger picture of how rural households meet their needs, in addition to price differences, the results highlight how differences in rural life create additional costs that extend beyond prices.
Biopolitics and the Cinema of Extremes
Authors: Ezerova Daria
Published: January 2023

In the past few years, a number of scholars have examined Russian culture in a global context, marking a turn toward the transnational in Russian studies. However, scholarship on contemporary Russian cinema has been slow to take up this trend, paying more attention to local and internal aspects of recent cinema than to global socio‐political conditions. This article addresses this issue by focusing on Russian cinema of the 2000s and 2010s alongside two concurrent developments in European film: the French cinéma du corps and the Romanian New Wave. Specifically, it focuses on the aesthetics of the body in Vasilii Sigarev’s Wolfie (2009) and The Land of Oz (2015) and compares it to that of Claire Denis’s Trouble Every Day (2001) and Cristi Puiu’s The Death of Mr. Lazarescu (2005). The article argues that the representations of physicality in Sigarev’s films exemplify a cultural response to the rise of biopolitics in Russia, which took place with the spread of neoliberalism to the post‐Soviet space. By considering Russian cinema in tandem with that of France and Romania, the article demonstrates that while the modes of representing the body may differ, all of them seek to create a biopolitical subject as a critique of social conditions that obtain with the global hegemony of neoliberalism. At the same time, they construct a different viewer: while Denis’s and Puiu’s humanistic modernism sees the spectator as a sovereign subject, Sigarev’s postmodernist leaning destroys the possibility of an external vantage point, interrogating the extent to which the biopolitical/neoliberal condition can dominate cultural expression. The comparative analysis thus not only tests the notion of cultural singularity in the twenty‐first century but raises a broader question of how neoliberal subjectivity can be represented in the visual arts.
Powered or manual toothbrushing for people with physical or intellectual disabilities – A systematic review
Authors: Kalf‐Scholte Sonja M. , Valkenburg Cees , van der Weijden Fridus (G. A.) , Slot Dagmar Else
Published: January 2023

Aims

The aim of this systematic review is to compare the effectiveness of a powered (PTB) and a manual (MTB) toothbrush in the hands of people with physical (PD) or intellectual (ID) disabilities or in the hands of a caregiver on parameters of plaque and gingival inflammation.

Methods

MEDLINE‐PubMed, Cochrane‐CENTRAL and EMBASE databases were searched from initiation up to February 2022. The inclusion criteria were clinical trials conducted in people with PDs or IDs and comparing the effect of toothbrushing with a PTB to an MTB on plaque removal and gingival health. Data were extracted from the eligible studies and analyzed in four subgroups based firstly on the person performing the toothbrushing, either the participants or a caregiver, not a dental professional, and secondly on the main disability of the participants, either PD or ID. Heterogeneity and risk of bias were assessed, data were extracted from the eligible studies, and a descriptive analysis was performed.

Results

The search yielded 294 unique papers; after selection 16 eligible publications describing 25 comparisons were included: 12 self‐brushing and 13 caregiver‐brushing comparisons. Considerable clinical and methodological heterogeneity was present; together with limited numerical data, not allowing for a meta‐analysis. The descriptive analysis showed, in the majority, no statistically significant difference between PTB and MTB. This applied to self‐brushing and caregiver‐brushing in both disability groups.

Conclusion

This review demonstrates with a low level of evidence that a PTB compared to an MTB in the hands of people with PD or ID or in the hands of their caregivers results in no clinical difference in effectiveness on parameters of plaque and gingival inflammation.
WPPSI‐IV and NEPSY‐II performance in mono‐ and bilingual 5–6‐year‐old children: Findings from The FinSwed Study
Authors: Korpinen Emma , Slama Susanna , Rosenqvist Johanna , Haavisto Anu
Published: January 2023

Children's language background relates to their neurocognitive development. Knowledge of this relationship is important as bilingualism is common. However, research regarding language background in relation to performance on cognitive tests such as the WPPSI‐IV and NEPSY‐II is scarce. The present study compared WPPSI‐IV and NEPSY‐II performances between 5‐ and 6‐year‐old Swedish‐speaking monolingual (n = 45) and Swedish‐Finnish‐speaking simultaneous bilingual (n = 34) children in Finland. The participants were gathered by stratified sampling and were assessed with the Swedish versions of the tests. In profile analyses, a significant monolingual advantage was found in some WPPSI‐IV subtests and indexes requiring expressive vocabulary (Vocabulary, Similarities, Picture Naming, and Vocabulary Acquisition Index) and visuospatial skills (Object Assembly and Visual Spatial Index). No group differences were found between mono‐ and bilingual children in receptive language, visual memory, or fluid intelligence. Additionally, no differences were found on the Full Scale IQ. The performance on the WPPSI‐IV Similarities subtest improved in a subgroup of bilinguals when answers in both Swedish and Finnish were accounted for, instead of accepting only answers in Swedish. No significant differences were found between mono‐ and bilinguals on the language and memory tasks of NEPSY‐II. These findings highlight the importance of considering the child's language background when assessing expressive language in young children, as well as the benefits of assessing bilinguals in both of their languages.
The impact of revised definitions for transfusion‐associated circulatory overload and transfusion‐related acute lung injury on haemovigilance reporting
Authors: Yuan Yin , Dennington Peta M. , Daly James , Baidya Shoma , Tung John‐Paul
Published: January 2023

Background and Objectives

Transfusion‐associated circulatory overload (TACO) and transfusion‐related acute lung injury (TRALI) are serious adverse transfusion reactions. Standardized surveillance definitions are important to ensure consistent reporting of cases. Recently, revised definitions have been developed for TACO and TRALI, the latter of which has not yet been widely implemented. This study aimed to assess the impact of the new TACO and TRALI definitions on haemovigilance reporting.

Materials and Methods

The Australian Red Cross Lifeblood Adverse Transfusion Reaction database was accessed to identify all cases of suspected or confirmed TACO and TRALI referred from 1 July 2015 to 30 June 2019. Cases were assessed against both the former and new definitions and the results were compared.

Results

A total of 73 cases were assessed. There were 48 TACO cases identified. Only 26 of 48 cases strictly met the former 2011 International Society of Blood Transfusion (ISBT) definition of TACO; 6 cases did not meet the definition and 16 cases lacked sufficient clinical details. In comparison, 46 cases met the revised 2018 ISBT definition, with only 2 cases having insufficient details. There were 24 cases of TRALI according to the existing 2004 Canadian Consensus Conference (CCC) definition compared with 25 cases according to the proposed 2019 revised definition.

Conclusion

The revised TACO definition captured more cases than the former definition. No significant differences were observed in the number of TRALI cases under the proposed new definition. This is the first study to provide validation data for the revised TRALI definition.
Epistemología de la contabilidad y formación académica: dos mundos contrapuestos
Authors: Mantilla-Falcón Marcelo , Rosales-Martínez Dayana , Sánchez-Herrera Bertha
Published: January 2023

La contabilidad es una ciencia, por tanto, tiene objeto de conocimiento y epistemología. La presente investigación demuestra la brecha existente entre la concepción epistemológica de la contabilidad y el pragmatismo de la labor contable a través de la investigación formativa en el aula, es decir, que la asignatura contable no sea solo disciplina que observa rigurosamente la normatividad nacional e internacional, sino que sea generadora de conocimiento a través de los procesos pedagógicos que el estudiante atraviesa en su formación profesional. Se trata de una investigación descriptiva, no experimental, transversal con muestreo no probabilístico, realizada en los últimos semestres de la carrera de Contabilidad y Auditoría de la Universidad Técnica de Ambato, Ecuador. Se aplicó una encuesta con escala de Likert a 80 estudiantes para medir el objeto de conocimiento de las seis contabilidades cursadas en la carrera, concluyéndose que el estudiante tiene conocimiento de la normatividad contable y su aplicación en el campo profesional, pero muy poca práctica investigativa y por tanto mínimo acercamiento a la epistemología contable
A Data-Driven Model to Predict Constitutive and Failure Behavior of Elastomers Considering the Strain Rate, Temperature, and Filler Ratio
Authors: Ghaderi Aref , Dargazany Roozbeh
Published: January 2023

This new machine-learned (ML) constitutive model for elastomers has been developed to capture the dependence of elastomer behavior on loading conditions such as strain rate and temperature, as well as compound morphology factors such as filler percentage and crosslink density. It is based on our recent new generation of machine-learning algorithms known as conditional neural networks (CondNNs) Ghaderi et al. (2020, “A Physics-Informed Assembly of Feed-Forward Neural Network Engines to Predict Inelasticity in Cross-Linked Polymers,” Polymers, 12(11), p. 2628), and uses data-infused knowledge-driven machine-learned surrogate functions to describe the quasi-static response of polymer batches in cross-linked elastomers. The model reduces the 3D stress-strain mapping space into a 1D space, and this order reduction significantly reduces the training cost by minimizing the search space. It is capable of considering the effects of loading conditions such as strain rate, temperature, and filler percentage in different deformation states, as well as enjoying a high training speed and accuracy even in complicated loading scenarios. It can be used for advanced implementations in finite element programs due to its computing efficiency, simplicity, correctness, and interpretability. It is applicable to a variety of soft materials, including soft robotics, soft digital materials (DMs), hydrogels, and adhesives. This model has a distinct advantage over existing phenomenological models as it can capture strain rate and temperature dependency in a much more comprehensive way.
Coach and Athlete Perspectives on Talent Transfer in Paralympic Sport
Authors: Dehghansai Nima , Mazhar Alia , Baker Joseph
Published: January 2023

Research pertaining to the experiences and motives of Paralympic athletes who transfer between sports is scant. This study aimed to address this gap through semistructured interviews with Canadian Paralympic coaches (n = 35) and athletes (n = 12). Three higher-order themes of “alternative to retirement,” “career extension,” and “compatibility” were identified. The subthemes of “psychobehavioral” and “physical and physiological” (from the higher-order theme of alternative to retirement) captured reasons leading to transfer, which are similar to reasons athletes may consider retirement. The subthemes of career extension—“better opportunities” and “beneficial outcomes”—shed light on factors that contributed to the withdrawal of negative experiences and reinforcement of positive outcomes associated with transferring sports. Last, compatibility had three subthemes of “resources,” “sport-specific,” and “communication,” which encapsulated factors athletes should consider prior to their transfer. In conclusion, the participants highlighted the importance of transparent and effective communication between athletes and sports to align and establish realistic expectations for everyone involved.
BTG1
mutation yields supercompetitive B cells primed for malignant transformation
Authors: Mlynarczyk Coraline , Teater Matt , Pae Juhee , Chin Christopher R. , Wang Ling , Arulraj Theinmozhi , Barisic Darko , Papin Antonin , Hoehn Kenneth B. , Kots Ekaterina , Ersching Jonatan , Bandyopadhyay Arnab , Barin Ersilia , Poh Hui Xian , Evans Chiara M. , Chadburn Amy , Chen Zhengming , Shen Hao , Isles Hannah M. , Pelzer Benedikt , Tsialta Ioanna , Doane Ashley S. , Geng Huimin , Rehman Muhammad Hassan , Melnick Jonah , Morgan Wyatt , Nguyen Diu T. T. , Elemento Olivier , Kharas Michael G. , Jaffrey Samie R. , Scott David W. , Khelashvili George , Meyer-Hermann Michael , Victora Gabriel D. , Melnick Ari
Published: January 2023

Multicellular life requires altruistic cooperation between cells. The adaptive immune system is a notable exception, wherein germinal center B cells compete vigorously for limiting positive selection signals. Studying primary human lymphomas and developing new mouse models, we found that mutations affecting
BTG1
disrupt a critical immune gatekeeper mechanism that strictly limits B cell fitness during antibody affinity maturation. This mechanism converted germinal center B cells into supercompetitors that rapidly outstrip their normal counterparts. This effect was conferred by a small shift in MYC protein induction kinetics but resulted in aggressive invasive lymphomas, which in humans are linked to dire clinical outcomes. Our findings reveal a delicate evolutionary trade-off between natural selection of B cells to provide immunity and potentially dangerous features that recall the more competitive nature of unicellular organisms.
Citizen scientists report global rapid reductions in the visibility of stars from 2011 to 2022
Authors: Kyba Christopher C. M. , Altıntaş Yiğit Öner , Walker Constance E. , Newhouse Mark
Published: January 2023

The artificial glow of the night sky is a form of light pollution; its global change over time is not well known. Developments in lighting technology complicate any measurement because of changes in lighting practice and emission spectra. We investigated the change in global sky brightness from 2011 to 2022 using 51,351 citizen scientist observations of naked-eye stellar visibility. The number of visible stars decreased by an amount that can be explained by an increase in sky brightness of 7 to 10% per year in the human visible band. This increase is faster than emissions changes indicated by satellite observations. We ascribe this difference to spectral changes in light emission and to the average angle of light emissions.
Breaking the limitation of polarization multiplexing in optical metasurfaces with engineered noise
Authors: Xiong Bo , Liu Yu , Xu Yihao , Deng Lin , Chen Chao-Wei , Wang Jia-Nan , Peng Ruwen , Lai Yun , Liu Yongmin , Wang Mu
Published: January 2023

Noise is usually undesired yet inevitable in science and engineering. However, by introducing the engineered noise to the precise solution of Jones matrix elements, we break the fundamental limit of polarization multiplexing capacity of metasurfaces that roots from the dimension constraints of the Jones matrix. We experimentally demonstrate up to 11 independent holographic images using a single metasurface illuminated by visible light with different polarizations. To the best of our knowledge, it is the highest capacity reported for polarization multiplexing. Combining the position multiplexing scheme, the metasurface can generate 36 distinct images, forming a holographic keyboard pattern. This discovery implies a new paradigm for high-capacity optical display, information encryption, and data storage.
A superconducting quantum simulator based on a photonic-bandgap metamaterial
Authors: Zhang Xueyue , Kim Eunjong , Mark Daniel K. , Choi Soonwon , Painter Oskar
Published: January 2023

Synthesizing many-body quantum systems with various ranges of interactions facilitates the study of quantum chaotic dynamics. Such extended interaction range can be enabled by using nonlocal degrees of freedom such as photonic modes in an otherwise locally connected structure. Here, we present a superconducting quantum simulator in which qubits are connected through an extensible photonic-bandgap metamaterial, thus realizing a one-dimensional Bose-Hubbard model with tunable hopping range and on-site interaction. Using individual site control and readout, we characterize the statistics of measurement outcomes from many-body quench dynamics, which enables in situ Hamiltonian learning. Further, the outcome statistics reveal the effect of increased hopping range, showing the predicted crossover from integrability to ergodicity. Our work enables the study of emergent randomness from chaotic many-body evolution and, more broadly, expands the accessible Hamiltonians for quantum simulation using superconducting circuits.
Taliban decree deepens Afghanistan’s health crisis
Authors: Roberts Leslie
Published: January 2023

Ban on female NGO staff hampers critical aid work and jeopardizes polio eradication campaign
Insight into the Cold Adaptation Mechanism of an Aerobic Denitrifying Bacterium: Bacillus simplex H-b
Authors: Yang Qian , Shi Yi , Xin Yu , Yang Ting , Zhang Liang , Gu Zhenghua , Li Youran , Ding Zhongyang , Shi Guiyang
Published: January 2023

The newly isolated aerobic denitrifying bacterium
Bacillus simplex
H-b removed various forms of inorganic nitrogen (nitrate, nitrite, and ammonium) from wastewater, even when the temperature was as low as 5°C. Although this environmentally functional bacterium has been suggested as a promising candidate for nitrogen-contaminated water treatment at low temperatures, understanding its cold adaptation mechanism during aerobic denitrification is limited.
Deletion of African Swine Fever Virus (ASFV) H240R Gene Attenuates the Virulence of ASFV by Enhancing NLRP3-Mediated Inflammatory Responses
Authors: Huang Li , Liu Hongyang , Ye Guangqiang , Liu Xiaohong , Chen Weiye , Wang Zilong , Zhao Dongming , Zhang Zhaoxia , Feng Chunying , Hu Liang , Yu Huibin , Zhou Shijun , Zhang Xianfeng , He Xijun , Zheng Jun , Bu Zhigao , Li Jiangnan , Weng Changjiang
Published: January 2023

African swine fever (ASF), caused by African swine fever virus (ASFV), is a highly contagious and acute hemorrhagic viral disease of domestic pigs, with a high mortality approaching 100%. ASFV has spread rapidly worldwide and caused huge economic losses and ecological consequences.
Complete Genome Sequences of Streptococcus parauberis Serotype Ia, Ib/Ic, and II Isolates from Diseased Olive Flounder in South Korea
Authors: Lee Yoonhang , Kim Ahran , Kim Nameun , Roh HyeongJin , Ho Diem Tho , Kim Do-Hyung
Published: January 2023

We report the complete genome sequences of three isolates of
Streptococcus parauberis
, representing serotypes Ia, Ib/Ic, and II, which were isolated from diseased olive flounder (
Paralichthys olivaceus
) in South Korea.
Isolation and Annotation of Xitlalli, a Cluster EK1 Actinobacteriophage Isolated Using Microbacterium foliorum
Authors: Zuberi Younus A. , Diaz-Sanchez Angelica , Gutierrez Jennifer , Jakubowski Simon J. , Saha Sanghamitra
Published: January 2023

Xitlalli is an actinobacteriophage that was isolated from soil using
Microbacterium foliorum
. Based on gene content similarity to phages in the Actinobacteriophage Database, Xitlalli is assigned to cluster EK1. The genome is 53,929 bp long and contains 52 protein-coding genes, of which 26% could be assigned functions.
Identification of
qnrVF
in a Multidrug-Resistant Vibrio furnissii Clinical Strain
Authors: Wang Yao , Li Weidong , Deng Qingyan , Huang Yueming , Zhou Xinhao , Guan Zhifen , Yang Zhifeng , Xiang Lijun , Chen Yanhong
Published: January 2023

Quinolones are widely used drugs. Bacteria contain a quinolone resistance gene, which mediates resistance to quinolones.
Erratum to: Several Articles in JETP Letters
Authors: Bogomolov Yu. V. , Alekseev V. V. , Levanova O. A. , Maiorov A. G. , Malakhov V. V. , Yazynin S. G. , Kataev A. L. , Molokoedov V. S. , Maksimovskaya A. A. , Ruzhickiy V. I. , Klenov N. V. , Bakurskiy S. V. , Kupriyanov M. Yu. , Soloviev I. I. , Abdullaev N. A. , Amiraslanov I. R. , Aliev Z. S. , Jahangirli Z. A. , Sklyadneva I. Yu. , Alizade E. G. , Aliyeva Y. N. , Otrokov M. M. , Zverev V. N. , Mamedov N. T. , Chulkov E. V.
Published: January 2023

An Erratum to this paper has been published: https://doi.org/10.1134/S0021364022380039