bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Platelet adhesion mediated by von Willebrand factor in patients with premature coronary artery disease
Authors: Okhota S. D. , Kozlov S. G. , Avtaeva Yu. N. , Melnikov I. S. , Guria K. G. , Ji Shang-Rong , Yi Wu , Gabbasov Z. A.
Published: April 2023

Aim    To study platelet adhesion mediated by von Willebrand factor (VWF) in patients with premature ischemic heart disease (IHD).Material and methods    This study enrolled 58 patients with stable IHD, including 45 men younger than 55 years with the first manifestation of IHD at the age of <50 years and 13 women younger than 65 years with the first manifestation of IHD at the age of <60 years. The control group consisted of 33 patients, 13 men younger than 55 years and 20 women younger than 65 years without IHD. Platelet adhesion to the collagen surface at the shear rate of 1300 s-1 was studied by evaluating the intensity of scattered laser light from the collagen-coated optical substrate in a flow chamber of a microfluidic device after 15-min circulation of whole blood in the chamber. Decreases in platelet adhesion after addition to the blood of monoclonal antibodies (mAb) to platelet receptors glycoproteins Ib (GPIb) to inhibit the receptor interaction with VWF were compared for patients of both groups. Results    In patients with premature IHD, the decrease in platelet adhesion following the platelet GPIb receptor inhibition was significantly less than in patients of the control group (74.8 % (55.6; 82.7) vs. 28.9 % (–9.8; 50,5), p <0.001). For the entire sample, the median decrease in platelet adhesion following the GPIb receptor inhibition was 62.8 % (52.2; 71.2). With an adjustment for traditional risk factors of IHD, a decrease in platelet adhesion of >62.8% after blocking GPIb receptors increased the likelihood of premature IHD (OR=9.84, 95 % CI: 2.80–34.59; p <0.001).Conclusion    Blocking the interaction of GPIb receptors with VWF in patients with premature IHD and increased shear rate induced a greater decrease in platelet adhesion than in patients without this disease. This suggested that an excessive interaction of VWF with platelets might contribute to the pathogenesis of premature IHD.
Characteristics of human immunodeficiency virus infection/acquired immune deficiency syndrome patients with pulmonary tuberculosis co-infection in Yowari Regional General Hospital of Jayapura
Authors: Rumainum Greace
Published: April 2023

Background: Pulmonary tuberculosis (TB) is an opportunistic co-infection on patients with human immune-deficiency virus (HIV) infection. The risk of pulmonary TB significantly increases with an HIV infection. This study aims to determine the characteristics of patients with TB-HIV co-infection receiving treatment in Yowari Regional General Hospital, Jayapura from July to December 2022.
Methods: This is an observational descriptive study with cross-sectional design, using information of samples obtained from the medical records. Total sampling technique was used for this study.
Results: All patients with TB-HIV co-infection are used as samples for this study, with the total of 24 samples. In this study, 58% of the samples were men, 79% death occurred within the age group of 20-40 years old, 83% employed, 58% has finished high school, and 67% had normal body mass index (BMI) level.
Conclusions: Patients with TB-HIV co-infection in Yowari Regional General Hospital, Jayapura is mostly dominated with men, age of 20-40 years old, employed, has finished high school, and had normal BMI level.
ПРАВОВЕ РЕГУЛЮВАННЯ ЗАБЕЗПЕЧЕННЯ ЛІКАРСЬКИМИ ЗАСОБАМИ В УМОВАХ ВІЙНИ (ТЕОРЕТИКО-ПРАВОВИЙ ОГЛЯД)
Authors: Костицький Василь , Суходольська Анастасія
Published: April 2023

У статті аналізується національне та зарубіжне законодавство, яке регулює основні засади забезпечення лікарськими засобами в умовах війни. Мета: дослідити нормативно-правові акти та стандарти як на рівні національного, так і міжнародного права, теоретико-правові, етичні, моральні засади забезпечення лікарськими засобами в надзвичайних ситуаціях та в умовах війни. Методи дослідження: порівняльно-правовий, спеціально-юридичний, синтезу, аналізу та узагальнення, спостереження, загальнонаукові методи. Результати: з метою визначення засад та умов дотримання державою конституційних обов’язків і ратифікованих Верховною Радою міжнародних договорів досліджено основні права людини і громадянина, а також повноваження органів виконавчої влади, органів військово-цивільної адміністрації, воєнних лікарів, прав волонтерів в умовах надзвичайного або воєнного стану в Україні; на підставі повного та всебічного вивчення проблем реалізації правих норм у сфері забезпечення лікарськими засобами сформульовані системні висновки і пропозиції, які визначають шляхи вдосконалення функціонування правового механізму у цій сфері суспільних відносин. Обговорення: встановлено, що правове регулювання забезпечення лікарськими засобами потребує комплексного аналізу законодавства та практики його застосування, а також вироблення єдиного механізму реалізації забезпечення лікарськими засобами з урахуванням локальних особливостей реалізації права та функціонування органів державної влади і місцевого самоврядування під час надзвичайних подій або воєнного стану.
Using @RISK to Determine Potential Economic Losses to Jujube Production in China Resulting from Damage by Carposina sasakii (Lepidoptera: Carposinidae)
Authors: Duan Yawen , Kang Delin , Li Zhihong , Yang Minglu , Qin Yujia , Xiao Haibing , Liu Lijun
Published: April 2023

Carposina sasakii Matsumura (Lepidoptera: Carposinidae) is a serious fruit-boring pest in eastern Asia. In China, it is one of the most harmful and common pests in deciduous fruit trees, causing an annual loss of more than a billion yuan. However, economic losses to the jujube industry as a result of C. sasakii damage remain undefined. In this study, we collected related data on C. sasakii, the market price of jujube, and costs of its prevention and management. The potential economic losses of China's jujube industry caused by C. sasakii were predicted using @RISK (Palisade, Raleigh, NC) software and a stochastic simulation method, which is the universal model of potential economic loss assessment for economically important fruit flies. Our results showed that the total economic losses potentially caused by C. sasakii to China's jujube industry are approximately 8,643.41–350,524.15 million RMB (RMB is the legal tender in China; approximately 1,338.00–54,261.14 million USD) if the pest was not managed and approximately 2,487.15–123,242.12 million RMB (about 385.01–19, 077.88 million USD) when management was applied. Therefore, a loss of approximately 841.83–244,144.06 million RMB (approximately 130.32–37,793.50 million USD) can be logically retrieved after controlling this pest. As a result, we suggest that related organizations and pest management practitioners strengthen prevention and control measures of C. sasakii to reduce the risk of economic loss by decreasing the infestation level of C. sasakii in jujube production and, thus, economic losses after infestation.
The relation to extremism and socially-psychological characteristics of students and pupils
Authors:   Penza State University, BUZYKINA Y. S.
Published: April 2023

In article results of the analysis of a phenomenon of extremism, as socially-psychological phenomenon are presented. Results of research of communication between socially-psychological characteristics and the relation to displays of extremism at students of high school and pupils of school are resulted.
Popędy naturalne i potrzeby społeczne w heglowskiej antropologii
Authors: Panasiuk Ryszard
Published: April 2023

Der Verfasser unterzieht sich dem Versuch, den Charakter der Kultur und des gesellschaftlichen Lebens in der Heqelschen Anthropologie zu charakterisieren. Den Ausgangspunkt der Betrachtung bildet Hegels Anthropogenese. Im Bereich der Kultur schreitet der Mensch über seine Naturalität hinaus in dem Sinne, daß er sie als Triebhaftigkeit in den Dienst der Rationalität einschließt. Das bedeutet eine Bändigung und deshalb unterdückt die Kultur die Natur des Menschen. Hegel versucht, Natur und Kultur in der neuzeitlichen Form des gesellschaftlichen Lebens in Einklang zu bringen, wobei die partikularen Bestrebungen der Individuen zugelassen werden. Diese Bestrebungen werden von den Funktionsmechanismen der modernen Gesellschaft für allgemeine Zwecke nutzbar gemacht.
Empleo y mercado interno en el modelo neoliberal : una nueva hipótesis sobre el subdesarrollo
Authors: Jiménez Félix
Published: April 2023

El objetivo de este artículo es reformular la hipótesis del subdesarrollo de Kalecki (1960), Rao (1952) y otros, para quienes la escasez de bienes de capital y la existencia de un sector agrícola atrasado, con una oferta inelástica de producción y que concentra un porcentaje importante de la PEA ocupada de bajísima productividad y calificación, limitan el crecimiento y modernización de la economía. La existencia de subempleo y la escasez de oportunidades de empleo no se originan en la insuficiencia de demanda efectiva, como se supone que ocurre en los países desarrollados, sino en la insuficiencia de oferta efectiva, a decir de estos autores. Así, todo impulso de la demanda, mediante por ejemplo la política fiscal, se traduce en inflación más que en un aumento de empleos e ingresos que usualmente acompañan al crecimiento en los países desarrollados.
El consumo ritual de chicha en San José de Moro
Authors: Delibes Mateos Rocío
Published: April 2023

Diversos estudios arqueológicos demuestran que la chicha ha cumplido, ya desde la época prehispánica, una importante función en las sociedades andinas. En este artículo nos hemos acercado al papel que pudo desempeñar esta bebida en la sociedad mochica, a través de las evidencias del sitio arqueológico de San José de Moro, ubicado en el valle de Jequetepeque. San José de Moro fue un gran centro ceremonial, donde además de realizarse entierros de la elite mochica, tenían lugar importantes actividades de carácter ritual y festivo. Se han hallado evidencias relacionadas con estas ceremonias que parecen asociarse a la producción de chicha en gran escala, lo que nos hace pensar que el consumo de esta bebida fue verdaderamente masivo y sobrepasó los límites locales, lo que pone de manifiesto el carácter regional del sitio. A través de un estudio comparativo entre, por un lado, los procesos actuales, estudios etnohistóricos y las crónicas y, por otro, las evidencias arqueológicas en San José de Moro, hemos tratado de definir el papel de esta bebida en los patrones de productividad, las relaciones sociales y la competitividad de la sociedad mochica
El "sistema técnico" de la metalurgia de transformación en la Cultura Mochica : nuevas perspectivas
Authors: Fraresso Carole
Published: April 2023

Tres metales y cuatro aleaciones se emplearon en la costa norte del Perú durante el periodo Mochica (100 d.C.-800 d.C.). En el presente artículo se examinan y discuten los procedimientos y técnicas de fabricación de los metales y aleaciones con base de cobre desde el punto de vista arqueológico y metalúrgico. Las consideraciones expuestas se fundan en el estudio de objetos metálicos de tradición Mochica de colecciones privadas y proyectos arqueológicos. Las observaciones recogidas y verificadas con la literatura especializada tienen como objetivo precisar lo que entendemos por «tecnologías del metal». Este nuevo enfoque llevará a definir lo que autores como Bertrand Gille llaman el «sistema técnico» y, nosotros, el sistema técnico metalúrgico precolombino peruano
Rituales de enterramiento arquitectónico en el núcleo urbano Moche : una aproximación desde una residencia de élite en el Valle de Moche
Authors: Prieto Burmester Gabriel
Published: April 2023

Las excavaciones que se realizan en el complejo arqueológico Huacas del Sol y de la Luna están arrojando una serie de datos que vienen enriqueciendo nuestra perspectiva acerca de la elite mochica urbana en el valle de Moche. En este artículo se analiza el contexto arqueológico para identificar un ritual conocido en los edificios públicos y religiosos, pero hasta el momento inédito en el área urbana: el ritual de enterramiento de estructuras arquitectónicas, ligado a la renovación y regeneración del poder. La similitud entre los patrones de mutilación de seres humanos y los patrones de ruptura de figurinas registrados en la Huaca de la Luna es un elemento fundamental en esta investigación. Finalmente, se perfilan las causas de este ritual y sus implicancias sociales y políticas en la ciudad Moche
Bella Lima ya tiemblas llorosa del triunfante chileno en poder : una aproximación a los elementos de género en el discurso nacionalista chileno
Authors: Mc Evoy Carmen
Published: April 2023

La historia nos ha sido relatada cuidadosamente por el historiador chileno Gonzalo Bulnes. El escenario, un hospital de campaña en las afueras de Lima. Los actores principales, el general chileno Patricio Lynch y el almirante francés Du Petit Thouars. El corifeo, un grupo de soldados peruanos y chilenos heridos. El momento de clímax, Lynch formulando la pregunta crucial: "¿ Y para qué tomó parte en estas batallas?" La respuesta dada por un par de peruanos "por don Nicolás", "por Don Miguel" . La respuesta contundente de un soldado chileno, consignada entre signos de admiración por Bulnes, "¡Por mi patria, mi general!" La moraleja de la historia, el comentario incisivo de Lynch a Du Petit Thouars: "Por eso hemos vencido. Unos se batían por su patria, los otros por don fulano de tal" .
A forma-salário sob o modelo de trabalho em plataformas digitais
Authors: Lapa Raphael Santos
Published: April 2023

Analisar o modo de apresentação das novas formas de assalariamento sob o regime de trabalho mediado por plataformas digitais é o objetivo central desta reflexão. Para isso, realizou-se uma estruturação analítica dos elementos-chave no pensamento marxiano quanto às formas-salário por tempo e por peça. Com esse quadro conceitual sintetizado foi possível traçar um paralelo com os novos modelos de trabalho e verificar a possibilidade de discussão acerca de uma nova forma-salário, distinta das anteriores, aqui intitulada salário por tarefa.
MODAL SPLIT ANALYSIS BY BEST-WORST METHOD AND MULTINOMINAL LOGIT MODEL
Authors: CINGEL Michal , DRLICIAK Marek , CELKO Jan , ZABOVSKA Katarína
Published: April 2023

The behavioral features of the population are addressed in transport models by different levels of territorial disaggregation and the creation of demand strata in a territory. The need for input data grows exponentially with the demand for a detailed zonal system of the territory. The basic source is the mobility survey. This article deals with the comparison of the calculation of the probability of choosing a transport mode for trips using the classic multinominal logit model and the best-worst method. We used data from a mobility survey in the Žilina region as a basic sample. The analysis covered 11 districts and their gravity areas. The individual transport relations are evaluated in detail in the analysis. The results confirm the high degree of accuracy of the best-worst method in the calculation of mode choice on a regional scale. Despite the promising results of the agreement in the confrontation with the mobility survey, it is necessary to verify the modeled data with a more detailed area with disaggregation on-demand strata.
CONVERGENCE TECHNOLOGY FOR VEHICLE PART SURFACE FINISHING
Authors: SIKULSKIY Valeriy , MAIOROVA Kateryna , VOROBIOV Yurii , FOMICHEV Petro , MYRONOVA Svitlana
Published: April 2023

The subject of this research is convergence technology for the surface finishing of vehicle parts. A literature review has been conducted to carry out a comparative analysis of existing methods for the surface finishing of parts used in the manufacturing of aircraft, hydraulic and pneumatic devices, and other vehicles. Prospects are shown for further research on methods with the aim of creating a complex technology (i.e., convergence) that combines information technologies; nanotechnologies; and thermochemical, electrochemical, and mechanical processing methods. A method is proposed for selecting and combining surface finishing methods according to a five-point expert assessment, which allows the batch processing of vehicle parts. Based on this method, the concept of convergence technology for the surface finishing of vehicle parts is proposed, which includes the impulse thermal energy method, honing, superfinishing, and electrochemical processing. An expanded process is presented for manufacturing parts with high-precision, low-roughness surfaces and a specified microrelief by using electrochemical superfinishing and electrochemical honing. A scheme of the concentration (focusing) of the current flow during electrochemical superfinishing due to the movement of the electrode relative to the part surface is proposed, which enables the effect of surface polishing and the removal of oxidation products. Convergence technology for the surface finishing of vehicle parts will provide parts’ geometric dimensions with micro- and nano-precision and allow the precision machining of small-diameter holes and complex profiles, increased machining accuracy (up to 0.001 microns), the possibility of batch processing, and the possibility of process automation.
HAZARD AND RISK ANALYSIS OF RAILWAY VEHICLE CONTROL SYSTEMS ACCORDING TO SAFETY INTEGRITY LEVELS
Authors: KACZOR Grzegorz , SZKODA Maciej , MACHNO Magdalena
Published: April 2023

This article presents an approach to the verification of the safety integrity level (SIL) of rail vehicle subassemblies in accordance with the applicable railway standards PN-EN ISO 50126-1, PN-EN ISO 50126:2, and PN-EN ISO 50129. Particular attention has been given to the calculation procedure related to the determination of the tolerable hazard rate and tolerable functional failure rate indicators in a situation where various reliability indicators have been declared for components of rail vehicles, such as MTTFD or B10D. In this case, the verification of the safety integrity level using the above-mentioned railway standards may be difficult, and it becomes necessary to use additional standards for safety systems based on electronic components. An example is the PN-EN ISO 13849-1:2006-01 standard, which contains a calculation method based on the transformation of the exponential model, which is useful for hazard and risk analyses of electronic systems containing components with different reliability indices. Another supplementary standard is the PN-EN 61025:2007 standard, which concerns fault tree analysis. Based on the above-mentioned standards, an algorithm was developed to verify the safety integrity level of the frequency converter control system. The obtained results allowed us to confirm the fulfillment of the functional safety requirements of the considered system.
Heat and Photon Energy Phenomena: Dealing with Matter at Atomic and Electronic Level
Authors: Ali Mubarak
Published: April 2023

There is a misconception about using the terms photon and electron. When the electron of the outer ring in the silicon atom executes interstate dynamics for only one cycle, it generates force and energy for the unit photon. The unit photon has a shape like Gaussian distribution in turned ends. When the photon of suitable length interacts with the side of the laterally orientated electron of a semisolid or solid atom, it converts into heat. Under the approximate angle of 90º, when a photon interacts with the tip of a laterally orientated electron, it divides into bits of energy having a shape like integral symbols. Solid or semisolid element atoms can reveal the phenomena of heat energy if their electrons deal with interactions of photons. In the neutral state silicon atom, the center acts as the reference point for electrons executing interstate dynamics, and the north-south tips of the electrons remain along the north-south poles. The energy shapes around the force tracing along the trajectory of electron dynamics. Under dynamics, two forces exert on the electron for one time, whereas two forces shape from opposite sides. In interstate dynamics, the electron of the outer ring first reaches the maximum limit point, where the one-bit energy shapes. In the remaining half cycle, that electron again shapes one-bit energy. When there is an uninterrupted supply of heat energy to the silicon atom, electron dynamics generate the photon having a shape-like wave. Path-independent but interstate-dependent forces take over the control of an electron. That electron executes dynamics nearly at the speed of light. In dynamics, the conservative forces exert on the position-acquiring electron. A photon can be in unending length if the electron dynamics remain uninterrupted. The changing aspect of the electron recalls the auxiliary moment of inertia at each point of turning. Atoms of suitable elements generate differently shaped photons when executing dynamics for the outer ring electrons. Thus, they can also reveal the phenomenon of photon energy.
About Controllability in the Energy Sector. Including the Global One. Problems, Possible Solutions and Prospects
Authors: Kodkin Vladimir , Nemkov Vitaly
Published: April 2023

: Efficient or at least rational use of energy resources is a problem that occupies an overwhelming number of people in modern society – from major scientists and politicians to journalists and schoolchildren who have a poor understanding of the basic laws of physics.(the knowledge of politicians in this area is also sometimes doubtful).

At the same time, the main focus of the discussions is on the resource base, possible waste and consequences. According to these features, they want to see the future of energy. However, the division of "energetik" follows different principles. On the one hand, these are thermal, nuclear and hydropower sources. On the other – wind and solar energy. Obviously, this separation is not only related to the renewable resources or the absence of consequences for the environment and humans. If we do not touch on geopolitical problems. which are not the subject of this article, it is obvious that the main dividing feature of these types of energy production will be their controllability. The theory of automatic control (TAU) is one of the most complex modern sciences that has been developing for many years to solve precisely the problems of energy Now, when considering energy problems, this science is most often not remembered. Maybe because the most active participants in the discussions don't know much about it? Or is this situation beneficial to someone? How efficiency and controllability are related to some problems with controllability in the "household" energy sector, which concerns almost every inhabitant of the planet and in the global energy sector, this article is devoted to
Mutant IDH in Gliomas: Role in Cancer and Treatment Options
Authors: Solomou Georgios , Finch Alina , Asghar Asim , Bardella Chiara
Published: April 2023

Altered metabolism is a common feature of many cancers and in some cases is a consequence of mutation in metabolic genes, such as the ones involved in Krebs cycle. Isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH) gene is mutated in many gliomas and other cancers. Physiologically IDH converts isocitrate to αketoglutarate (αKG), but when mutated, IDH reduces αKG to D2-hydroxyglutarate (D2-HG). D2-HG accumulates at high levels in IDH mutant cancers, and in the last decade, a massive effort has been done to develop small inhibitors targeting mutant IDH. In this review, we summarize current knowledge about the cellular and molecular consequences of IDH mutations, and the therapeutic approached developed to target IDH mutant tumours, with a focus on gliomas.
Computational Fluid Dynamics Modeling of Ammonia Concen-Tration in a Commercial Broiler Building
Authors: Gonçalves João C. , Lopes António M.G. , Pereira José L.S.
Published: April 2023

In the present study, a numerical model was developed to predict the flow pattern inside a broiler building. The model intends to predict the velocities fields inside the domain and ammonia (NH3) emitted or released by litter from poultry housing. The numerical model developed in Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) commercial code, intends to represent a commercial broiler building, and intends to simulate the 3D and heat transfer, in steady state flow. The evaporative cooling pads were also included in the model. The validation of the model was based in experimental measurements obtained in previous studies. The simulations were focused on Summer, Winter and also Mid-Season situation. The numerical results of NH3 concentration were compared with the experimental measurements, and a quite good agreement was verified. The numerical results allowed the characterization of: the inside flow pattern developed for the summer and winter situation; the inside NH3 distribution, and the velocity field distribution inside the broiler building. It was found that NH3 concentration increases along the tunnel, especially in low flow rate imposed from the exhaust fan. Also, it was verified that the low velocities inside domain are no sufficient to remove the gaseous pollutants.
LiDAR Inertial Odometry Based on Indexed Point and Delayed Removal Strategy in High Dynamic Environments
Authors: Wang Wanliang , Wu Weizhuang
Published: April 2023

Simultaneous Localization and Mapping (SLAM) is considered as a challenge in environments with many moving objects. This paper proposes a novel LiDAR Inertial Odometry framework, ID-LIO, for dynamic scenes that builds on LIO-SAM. To detect the pointclouds on the moving objects, a dynamic point detection method is integrated, which is based on pseudo occupancy along the spatial dimension. Then, we present a dynamic points propagation and removal algorithm based on indexed points to remove more dynamic points in the local map along the temporal dimension and update the status of the point features in keyframes. In the LiDAR odometry module, a delay removal strategy is proposed for history keyframes and the sliding window-based optimization includes the LIDAR measurement with dynamic weights to reduce error from dynamic points in keyframes. We perform the experiments both on the public low dynamic and highly dynamic data set. The results show that the proposed method greatly increases the localization accuracy in high dynamic environments. And the ATE(Absolute Trajectory Error) average RMSE((Root Mean Square Error) of our ID-LIO can be improved by 67% and 85% in the UrbanLoco-CAMarketStreet dataset and UrbanNav-HK-Medium-Urban-1 dataset respectively when compared with LIO-SAM.
Sample Delivery Systems for Serial Femtosecond Crystallography at PAL-XFEL
Authors: Park Jaehyun , Nam Ki Hyun
Published: April 2023

Serial femtosecond crystallography (SFX) using an X-ray free-electron laser (XFEL) enables determination of room-temperature structures without causing radiation damage. Using an optical pump-probe or mix-and-injection, SFX enables the intermediate state visualization of a molecular reaction. In SFX experiments, serial and stable microcrystal delivery to the X-ray interaction point is vital for reasonable data collection and efficient beam time. The Pohang Accelerator Laboratory X-ray Free Electron Laser (PAL-XFEL) facility established SFX instruments at a nanocrystallography and coherent imaging (NCI) experimental station. Various sample delivery methods, including injection, fixed-target scanning, and hybrid methods, have been developed and applied to collect XFEL diffraction data. Herein, we review the currently available sample delivery methods for SFX at the NCI experimental station at the PAL-XFEL. This article will help PAL-XFEL users access the SFX system for their experiments.
Hybrid Vitis Cultivars With American or Asian Ancestries Show Higher Tolerance Towards Grapevine Trunk Diseases
Authors: Csótó András , Nagy Antal , Laurinyecz Nóra , Nagy Zóra Annamária , Németh Csaba , Németh Erzsébet Krisztina , Csikász-Krizsics Anna , Rakonczás Nándor , Fontaine Florence , Fekete Erzsébet , Flipphi Michel , Karaffa Levente , Sándor Erzsébet
Published: April 2023

Grape production worldwide is increasingly threatened by grapevine trunk diseases (GTDs). No grapevine cultivar is known to be entirely resistant to GTDs, but susceptibility varies greatly. To quantify these differences, four Hungarian grape germplasm collections containing 305 different cultivars were surveyed to determine the ratios of GTDs based on symptom expression and mortality rate. The cultivars of monophyletic Vitis vinifera L. origin were amongst the most sensitive ones, and their sensitivity was significantly (p<0.01) higher than that of the interspecific (hybrid) cultivars assessed, which are defined by the presence of Vitis species other than V. vinifera (e.g. V. labrusca L., V. rupestris Scheele, V. amurensis Rupr.) in their pedigree. We conclude that ancestral diversity of the grape confers higher degrees of resilience against GTDs.
Human Papillomavirus Epidemiology and Prevention: Is There Still a Gender Gap?
Authors: Milano Giovanna , Guarducci Giovanni , Nante Nicola , Montomoli Emanuele , Manini Ilaria
Published: April 2023

Background and aim: Human Papillomavirus (HPV) is sexually transmitted, one of the three most common sexually transmitted infections (STIs) in both males and females, and the most common viral STI. A crucial public health strategy to protect people against HPV is through vaccination, which has shown its effectiveness in preventing HPV related diseases. Presently three types of vaccines are available (bivalent, quadrivalent, and nonavalent) and they all target at least the two most oncogenic virus genotypes (HPV 16, 18). In the past few years, the need to implement vaccination programmes that include all genders has been discussed in order to achieve herd immunity against HPV. To date, only a few countries have included young males in their vaccination programmes, so we aim through this review to provide an overview of the epidemiology of HPV and prevention strategies to prevent it, reporting the latest findings from the scientific literature.
Structure, Optical, and Dielectric Properties of Cu1-xAgxAlO2 Nanoparticles
Authors: Saleh Saleh Ahmed , Albarg Hasan B.
Published: April 2023

The solid-state technique was utilized to make a single phase of delafossite CuAlO2, along with 1%, 2%, 3% and 4% silver doped CuAlO2 samples in this study. The content of the samples was investigated using energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) equipped with a field emission scanning electron microscope (FE-SEM). The polycrystalline nature of all of the analyzed cases was confirmed by structural analyses utilizing an X-ray diffraction (XRD) pattern with a simple typical peak of CAO rhombohedral phase. Raman, FT-IR and UV–Vis spectroscopy were used to study the structural, and optical energy band gap (Eg) of Ag doped CuAlO2 nanoparticles. The Kubelka–Munk function was used to calculate the optical band gap of ACAO alloys using diffuse reflectance spectra, and it altered as the Ag ion concentration increased. A. c. impedance spectroscopy was used to investigate the dielectric characteristics of Ag doped CuAlO2 nanoparticles.
Synthesis of Ketjenblack Decorated Pillared Ni(Fe) Metal-Organic Frameworks as Precursor Electrocatalysts for Enhancing the Oxygen Evolution Reaction
Authors: Beglau Thi Hai Yen , Rademacher Lars , Oestreich Robert , Janiak Christoph
Published: April 2023

Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) are investigated for the oxygen evolution reaction (OER) due to their structure diversity, high specific surface area, adjustable pore size and abundant active sites. However, the poor conductivity of most MOFs restricts this application. Herein, through a facile one-step solvothermal method, the Ni-based pillared metal-organic framework [Ni2(BDC)2DABCO] (BDC = 1,4-benzenedicarboxylate, DABCO = 1,4-diazabicyclo[2.2.2]octane), its bimetallic nickel-iron form [Ni(Fe)(BDC)2DABCO] and their modified Ketjenblack (mKB) composites were synthesized and tested towards OER in an alkaline medium (KOH 1 mol L–1). A synergistic effect of the bimetallic nickel-iron MOF and the conductive mKB additive enhance the catalytic activity of the MOF/mKB composites. All MOF/mKB composite samples (7, 14, 22, 34 wt.% mKB) indicated much higher OER performances than the MOFs and mKB alone. The Ni-MOF/mKB14 composite (14 wt. % of mKB) demonstrated an overpotential of 294 mV at a current density of 10 mA cm–2 and Tafel slope of 32 mV dec–1, which is comparable with commercial RuO2 commonly used as a benchmark material for OER. The catalytic performance of Ni(Fe)MOF/mKB14 (0.57 wt% Fe) was improved further to an overpotential of 279 mV at a current density of 10 mA cm–2. The low Tafel slope of 25 mV dec–1 as well as a low reaction resistance due to electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) measurement confirm the excellent OER performance of the Ni(Fe)MOF/mKB14 composite. For practical applications, the Ni(Fe)MOF/mKB14 electrocatalyst was impregnated into commercial nickel foam (NF), where overpotentials of 247 and 291 mV at current densities of 10 and 50 mA cm–2, respectively, were realized. The activity was maintained for 30 h at the applied current density of 50 mA cm–2. The electrocatalytic system consisting of earth-abundant Ni and Fe metals only would be attractive for the development of efficient, practical and economical energy conversion materials for efficient OER activity.
Recyclable and Efficient Construction using Mineral Landfill Materials and Demolition Wastes
Authors: Bühler Michael Max , Hollenbach Pia , Michalski Alexander , Meyer Sonja , Birle Emanuel , Off Rebecca , Lang Christina , Schmidt Wolfram , Cudmani Roberto , Fritz Oliver , Baltes Guido , Kortmann Geraldine
Published: April 2023

An inter- and transdisciplinary concept has been developed, focusing on the scaling of industrial circular construction using innovative compacted mineral mixtures (CMM) derived from various soil types (sand, silt, clay) and recycled mineral waste. The concept aims to accelerate the systemic transformation of the construction industry towards carbon neutrality by promoting the large-scale adoption and automation of CMM-based construction materials, which incorporate natural mineral components and recycled aggregates or industrial by-products. In close collaboration with international and domestic stakeholders in the construction sector, the concept explores the integration of various CMM-based construction methods for producing wall elements in conventional building construction. Leveraging a digital urban mining platform, the concept aims to standardize the production process and enable mass-scale production. The ultimate goal is to fully harness the potential of automated CMM-based wall elements as a fast, competitive, emission-free, and recyclable alternative to traditional masonry and concrete construction techniques. To achieve this objective, the concept draws upon the latest advances in soil mechanics, rheology, and automation and incorporates open-source digital platform technologies to enhance data accessibility, processing, and knowledge acquisition. This will bolster confidence in CMM-based technologies and facilitate their widespread adoption. The extraordinary transfer potential of this approach necessitates both basic and applied research. As such, the proposed transformative, inter- and transdisciplinary concept will be conducted and synthesized using a comprehensive, holistic, and transfer-oriented methodology.
The Functions of Reproductive Hormones and Luteal Cell Types of Ovarian Corpus Luteum in Cows
Authors: Billhaq Dody Houston , Lee Seunghyung
Published: April 2023

The corpus luteum is a temporary reproductive endocrine structure established from a ruptured follicle wall after ovulation. In the ovarian cycle of ruminant species, the corpus luteum organ undergoes a repeated pattern of specific cellular proliferation, differentiation, and transformation. The corpus luteum encounters several physiological events, including growth, function, and regression throughout its life span. Also, the corpus luteum comprises granulosa and theca cells and endothelial cells, such as luteal steroidogenic cells and luteal endothelial cells. These cells play an important role in the physiology of the corpus luteum and the maintenance and degeneration of the corpus luteum. Furthermore, the role of reproductive hormones in the ovaries is important. Representative hormones include estrogen, progesterone, prostaglandin F2α, and oxytocin. Understanding their functions is important in studying the physiological phenomena and various mechanisms of the corpus luteum in the ovary. Therefore, the following review will discuss the role of reproductive hormones and luteal cell types in the microenvironment of the corpus luteum in the bovine ovary.
Treating Depression in Patients with Borderline Personality Disorder: Clinical Clues on the Use of Antidepressants
Authors: Tomasetti Carmine , Autullo Gianna , Ballerini Andrea , De Bartolomeis Andrea , Dell'Osso Bernardo Maria , Fiorentini Alessio , Tonioni Federico , Villari Vincenzo , De Berardis Domenico
Published: April 2023

Personality disorders (PD) are described as enduring patterns of markedly deviant and pervasive inner experiences and behaviors, with onset in adolescence, which lead to severe distress or impairment. Patients suffering with major depressive disorder (MDD) display higher rates of comorbidity with personality disorders, often complicating the treatment, and worsening the outcome. Borderline personality disorder (BPD) is the most common of PD and is frequently associated with MDD, with which shares several features. The most part of research agrees on the fact that comorbid BPD in MDD patients quite double the poor response to treatments. Moreover, no treatment strategy stands out currently to emerge as more effective in these cases, thus urging the call for the need of a new approach. Herein, we revise the current literature on BPD, its neurobiology and comorbidity with MDD, as well as the more recent treatment strategies used. Then, based on its pharmacology, we propose a possible role of trazodone as a valuable tool to approach underlying BPD in MDD
Chrysomycin a Regulates Proliferation and Apoptosis of Neuroglioma Cells via Akt/GSK-3β Signaling Pathway In Vivo and In Vitro
Authors: Liu Dongni , Liu Man , Zhang Shanshan , Shang Yufu , Zhang Wenfang , Song Fuhang , Zhang Huawei , Du Guanhua , Wang Yuehua
Published: April 2023

Glioblastoma (GBM) is a major type of primary brain tumors without ideal prognosis and it’s necessary to find novel compound possessing therapeutic effect. Chrysomycin A (Chr-A) has been reported to inhibit the proliferation, migration and invasion of U251 and U87-MG cells, but the mechanism of Chr-A against glioblastoma in vivo and whether Chr-A modulates apoptosis of neuroglioma cells is unclear.The present study was to elucidate the potential of Chr-A against glioblastoma in vivo and how Chr-A modulates apoptosis of neuroglioma cells. Briefly, The an-ti-glioblastoma activity was assessed in human glioma U87 xenografts nude mice. Chr-A-related targets were identified by RNA-seq. Apoptotic ratio and caspase 3/7 activity of U251 and U87-MG cells were assayed by flow cytometry. Apoptosis-related proteins and possible molecular mecha-nism were validated via Western blotting. The results showed that Chr-A treatment significantly inhibits glioblastoma progression in xenografts nude mice, and enrichment analysis suggested that apoptosis, PI3K-Akt and Wnt signaling pathway were involved in the possible mechanism. Chr-A increased apoptotic ratio and the activity of caspase 3/7 in U251 and U87-MG cells. Western blot revealed that Chr-A broke the balance between Bax and Bcl-2 activating caspase cascade re-action and downregulated the expression of p-Akt and p-GSK-3β, suggesting that Chr-A may contribute to glioblastoma regression modulating Akt/GSK-3β signaling pathway to promote apoptosis of neuroglioma cells in vivo and in vitro. Therefore, Chr-A may hold therapeutic promise for glioblastoma.
Vehicle Emission Models and Traffic Simulators: A Review
Authors: Mądziel Maksymilian
Published: April 2023

Accurate estimation of vehicle emissions is essential and can be helpful in the decision-making process. Thanks to calculation methods, it is possible to accurately estimate the emissions that result from driving a car and to determine their impact on, for example, the health of pedestrians who are on the pavement near an arterial road. Recent years have seen an increase in the use and importance of emission models, as well as vehicle traffic simulation models. Increasingly, emission models are being combined with traffic simulation models, as it is not practical to actually measure the on-road emissions of an entire fleet of vehicles over a given stretch of road. This paper provides an overview of the selected work on the topic of emission modelling and vehicle traffic simulation models. The models are distinguished according to their respective scales of accuracy, i.e., micro, meso, and macro. Selected work combining emission and traffic simulation models is also presented, as well as development trends in the field. In particular, the paper also highlights the fact of proper calibration of vehicle traffic simulation models in order to obtain the most reliable vehicle emissions results from computational models. The review of the works carried out may be helpful for future projects concerning the use of simulation tools for transport and environmental decision-makers in the area of arterial roads.
Development and Evaluation of Self-Microemulsifying Drug Delivery System for Improving Oral Absorption of Poorly Water-soluble Olaparib
Authors: Kim Yong-Han , Kim Seong-Bo , Choi Se-Hui , Nguyen Thi-Thao-Linh , Ahn Sung-Hoon , Moon Kyung-Sun , Cho Kwan Hyung , Sim Taeyong , Heo Eun-Ji , Kim Sungtae , Choi Han-Gon , Jang Dong-Jin
Published: April 2023

The purpose of this study is to develop and evaluate a self-microemulsifying drug delivery system (SMEDDS) to improve the oral absorption of poorly water-soluble Olaparib. Through the solubility test of Olaparib in various oils, surfactants and co-surfactants, pharmaceutical excipients for use in SMEDDS manufacturing were selected. Self-emulsifying regions were identified by mixing the selected materials at various ratios, and a pseudoternary phase diagram was constructed by synthesizing these results. Various physicochemical properties of microemulsion incorporating Olaparib were confirmed by investigating the particle morphology, particle size, zeta potential, drug content and stability. In addition, the improved dissolution and oral absorption of Olaparib were also confirmed through a dissolution test and a pharmacokinetic study. An optimal microemulsion was generated in the formulation of Capmul MCM EP/NF 10%, Labrasol 80% and PEG 400 10%. Fabricated nano-sized microemulsions were well-dispersed in aqueous solutions, and it was also confirmed that it was maintained well without any problems of either physical or chemical stability. The 5 min initial dissolution of Olaparib in fabricated formulations was improved by 10.6 times (pH1.2), 14.8 times (pH6.8) and 14.8 times (distilled water) compared to the values of Olaparib powder. The dissolution at 120min was 45.4±4.0%(pH1.2), 53.5±1.1% (pH6.8) and 58.1±1.00% (distilled water) in Olaparib powder but has been significantly improved by 1.7 times (74.8±1.9%), 1.6 times (84.2±0.3%) and 1.5 times (81.2±0.7%) in SMEDDS. Associated with the high dissolutions of Olaparib in fabricated microemulsions, the pharmacokinetic parameters were also greatly improved. The Cmax and AUCinf of Olaparib in the prepared microemulsion were increased 4.2- and 3.2-fold, respectively, compared to powder. Taken together with the results mentioned above, the microemulsion system could be an effective tool as an oral delivery formulation for Olaparib. Additionally, our results demonstrate that the SMEDDS systems comprising Capmul MCM, Labrasol and PEG 400 could be a useful option for improvement of several other poorly water-soluble drugs with physico-chemical properties similar to Olaparib.
Creation of Salinity and Drought Resistant Mutant Rice Forms by Ionizing Radiation (Gamma and Neutron Radiation)
Authors: Bakiruly Kurmanbek , Zhalbyrov Aidos , Kruglyak Anastasiya , Aleksiayenak Yulia , Baimbetova Gulsim , Yershin Zeinolla , Gledenov Yury , Doroshkevich Aleksandr , Appazov Nurbol
Published: April 2023

The article presents the results of the γ-ray and fast neutrons impact on various rice species, in order to obtain mutant forms resistant to salinity (NaCl) and drought factors (sorbite). They are going to be used as initial forms in synthetic selection when creating varieties, adapted to the stressful conditions of, both, soil and climate in the Kazakhstan Aral Sea. The average lethal doses (LD50) of γ-rays and fast neutrons, as well as, the average NaCl and sorbite lethal concentrations were established. A distinct dependence on the effect of ionizing radiation and stress factors on the number of induced resistant mutant forms has been related to the initial rice variety. The largest number of mutant forms was obtained from the local variety Syr Suluy, followed by Leader and Aikerim varieties. Out of all varieties, only 1% of the initially irradiated by γ-rays seeds survived, while after fast neutron irradiation – 4,3%. M1 mutant plants significantly differ from the initial forms in terms of morphological features – plant height, panicle length, and grain size. They are tolerant to lodging, and have short and highly sterile panicles, indicating that they are mutants.
Multiple Bacterial Strategies to Survive Antibiotic Pressure: A Review
Authors: Zakaria Nur Fatihah Sholehah , Yahya Mohd fakharul zaman raja , Jamil Norashirene Mohamad
Published: April 2023

Antibiotic resistance among bacterial pathogens is recognized as a major threat to human health worldwide. The emergence of multidrug-resistant bacteria can also be found in the community settings, apart from hospital environment, which indicates that reservoirs of antibiotic resistance genes do exist outside the hospital. The growth of antibiotic resistance is a consequence of bacterial adaptations in response to selective pressures. To survive in this hostile environment, bacteria develop defence mechanisms such as chemical modification of antibiotics, enzyme-catalysed antibiotic degradation, altered permeability, antibiotic efflux, mutation of target sites and biofilm formation, resulting in resistance to nearly all currently available antibiotics used in the clinical practice. The present review summarizes insights into the molecular mechanisms underlying the antibiotic resistance which is useful for planning strategies to combat antibiotic resistance and devise innovative therapeutic tools to fight against multidrug-resistant bacterial species.